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  <row Id="1" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:26:47.730" Score="57" ViewCount="9891" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking along the lines of a &lt;a href=&quot;https://getfirebug.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Firebug&lt;/a&gt; for the iPhone/iPad/Android/BB that can truly give more insight on the markup/scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even when testing on the simulator/device, it's hard to truly simulate the exact rendering of the mobile browser. I know that browsers such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.apple.com/safari/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Safari&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Firefox&lt;/a&gt; can simulate it via changing User-Agents but that's not a true simulation of the actual mobile browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are some tools for testing Mobile web apps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2018-10-29T17:57:09.370" LastActivityDate="2019-10-02T13:33:58.010" Title="What are some tools for testing Mobile web apps?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="18" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="29" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-18T23:22:49.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2240" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:31:53.573" Score="4" ViewCount="1177" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use SilkTest 2010 Open Agent to perform Automated Web Testing.  Our scripts currently work on IE6 - IE8 and on Firefox 3.X.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IE9 has changed modal boxes to unintrusive pop-ups at the bottom of the screen which breaks our scripts.  Also, SilkTest does not recognize these pop-ups. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recording a script without the modal boxes work fine, but when we record something that involves modal boxes, the SilkTest recorder does not retain any recorded steps (including the ones recorded before the modal box was encountered).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know how to overcome this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastEditorUserId="220" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T21:49:33.207" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T07:33:24.067" Title="Upgrade SilkTest automation scripts to work with IE9" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:33:36.430" Score="52" ViewCount="27807" Body="&lt;p&gt;Provided you are ready to hire your first (or next) QA team member, what are the key properties of a person you will pay attention to?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T11:14:45.540" LastActivityDate="2021-04-22T00:46:57.627" Title="What are the key properties of a great QA team member?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;culture&gt;&lt;people&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="18" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:35.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:37:54.867" Score="50" ViewCount="2590" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to build a lot of regression tests for our product at work and I plan on using Selenium. I am concerned about building tests that will become quickly outdated and broken based on the fast pace of our product development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the best way to build / structure the tests in a way that will minimize the work needed to keep the tests up to date as the product changes and improves?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="31" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:11:33.977" LastActivityDate="2021-01-28T11:21:35.080" Title="Building &quot;slow to break&quot; regression tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="24" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:38:05.157" Score="5" ViewCount="1393" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our Project we have a test case based on Rational Test Manager (RUP Process).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This test case includes: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;description, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;preconditions, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;steps &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expected results for each step and finally a notes section.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel that having expected results for each step is an over kill in writing a test case and includes lot of redundant steps.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the test case templates that everyone else uses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this differ for Web, Desktop and Mobile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastEditorUserId="19455" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T06:51:58.733" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T06:51:58.733" Title="What are the different things to capture in a test case?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:20.977" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:40:12.433" Score="45" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing aptitude&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Willingness to ask questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to negotiate &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical ability (reading and writing code)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Strong communication skills&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Curiosity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tenaciousness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T13:20:43.713" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T13:20:43.713" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:35.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:41:13.133" Score="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try building your Selenium tests using the Page Object pattern, more info on:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Wiki - PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-27T10:22:27.977" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T10:22:27.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:41:29.850" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;The crucial issue IMO is to acknowledge that your pages will need to be adjusted in order for the tests. To pick up on the Selenium issue, instead of using &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt; to structure your selectors, add ids to the pages and use those in the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also found the &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot;&gt;Page Object&lt;/a&gt; pattern to give good results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Within your web app's UI there are areas that your tests interact with. A Page Object simply models these as objects within the test code. This reduces the amount of duplicated code and means that if the UI changes, the fix need only be applied in one place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T19:41:29.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:43:49.107" Score="6" ViewCount="2931" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently using Moq to write automated tests for &lt;code&gt;System.Web.HttpApplication&lt;/code&gt; in C#: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public FakeHttpApplication CreateBaseMocks()&#xA;{&#xA;    MockContext = new Mock&amp;lt;HttpContextBase&amp;gt;();&#xA;    MockRequest = new Mock&amp;lt;HttpRequestBase&amp;gt;();&#xA;    MockResponse = new Mock&amp;lt;HttpResponseBase&amp;gt;();&#xA;    MockSession = new Mock&amp;lt;HttpSessionStateBase&amp;gt;();&#xA;    MockServer = new Mock&amp;lt;HttpServerUtilityBase&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;    MockContext.Setup(ctx =&amp;gt; ctx.Request).Returns(MockRequest.Object);&#xA;    MockContext.Setup(ctx =&amp;gt; ctx.Response).Returns(MockResponse.Object);&#xA;    MockContext.Setup(ctx =&amp;gt; ctx.Session).Returns(MockSession.Object);&#xA;    MockContext.Setup(ctx =&amp;gt; ctx.Server).Returns(MockServer.Object);&#xA;&#xA;    HttpContextBase = MockContext.Object;&#xA;    HttpRequestBase = MockRequest.Object;&#xA;    HttpResponseBase = MockResponse.Object;&#xA;&#xA;    MockRequest.Setup(r =&amp;gt; r.Headers).Returns(new NameValueCollection());&#xA;    return this;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public FakeHttpApplication SetupNormalRequestValues()&#xA;{&#xA;    //Context.User&#xA;    MockUser = new Mock&amp;lt;IPrincipal&amp;gt;();&#xA;    MockIdentity = new Mock&amp;lt;IIdentity&amp;gt;();&#xA;    MockContext.Setup(context =&amp;gt; context.User).Returns(MockUser.Object);&#xA;    MockUser.Setup(context =&amp;gt; context.Identity).Returns(MockIdentity.Object);&#xA;&#xA;    //Request&#xA;    MockRequest.Setup(request =&amp;gt; request.InputStream).Returns(new MemoryStream());&#xA;&#xA;    //Response&#xA;    MockResponse.Setup(response =&amp;gt; response.OutputStream).Returns(new MemoryStream());&#xA;    return this;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, setting up the objects this way leaves a lot to be desired considering that most of the internal objects and properties remain &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt;. Does anyone know of a better way to do this?  I am looking for a way to instantiate a more lifelike &lt;code&gt;HttpApplication&lt;/code&gt; object and don't mind a little complexity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="34" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T12:53:53.680" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:39:20.940" Title="Writing automated tests for System.Web.HttpApplication" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;dot-net&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:44:37.163" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tl;dr:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical Acumen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diplomacy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Curiosity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always felt that technical skill was one of the more vastly overrated attributes of test engineers. Certainly having technical acumen is critical to executing tasks, working with product managers and software engineers but it's only a portion of the actual job. Again, I'm not saying that you want test engineers that can't be technical but I am saying that it's only a part of what I've always viewed as a successful tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience communication skills and diplomacy are some of the most critical skills a test engineer can have. When a tester finds a bug the real trick isn't the replication, really it's being able to communicate the failure cases to the development team and the impact to the product team. If you can't communicate to either of those groups you're not getting the result that you were hired for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;works on my machine&quot; statement is the primary reason you need to have a tester that is diplomatic when they find bugs, write up bugs and lobby for their correction. It's a daily challenge working with Software Engineers and the really effective testers know when to be diplomatic in their interactions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you aren't curious about your system then you're not going to find all the bugs. Curiosity is one of the critical attributes to being a tester. The more curious you are, the more likely you will be able to ferret out the edge cases that your uses are going to find anyway. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, I look for my test engineers to have a lot of independent drive. I want my test engineers to be interested in different languages, frameworks and approaches. In fact, I challenge them to challenge the status quo that they work within so that we can improve our culture and tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T19:44:37.163" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:35.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:47:41.727" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;ShootMe&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (Screen Grabber) Allows you take screenshots of your device and also do screencasting up to 30 fps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Log Collector&quot;&lt;/code&gt; Collects a device log and sends it to a developer using a method (email, messaging, etc.) of your choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of these are a staple when it comes to testing mobile web apps and can be found in the Andriod marketplace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="49" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T06:41:23.823" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T06:41:23.823" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-18T23:22:49.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:47:56.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One element to think about playing with is Selenium 2. It's a combination of the Web Driver and Selenium projects. I know internally we've been able to get the agent working for both iPhone and Android devices. That doesn't solve your Firebug issue, but it will give you a way to automate functional and ui tests against those devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to the Blackberry, we've struck out all over. My last research - admittedly done 3 months ago - revealed that Windows based emulators are the best way to test against apps that run on the RIM OS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T19:47:56.503" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-18T23:22:49.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:49:37.327" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently using Quality Center for test case management, and it has a similar structure.  I've found that in the expected result section for each step is a good place to write down some items that you would look for outside of the basic 'action completes without error'.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could mention a few points of other questions to ask while the application is in that state.  I think that it is a good template for any platform, but I also don't have a problem with leaving an 'expected result' step blank if I don't believe it would have much value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T19:49:37.327" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:20.977" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:50:22.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Success in creating a robust Automation framework lies in embedding a Test Framework within your development framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the common things that is recommended is to create a separate attribute for objects that is unique for each of them (e.g. for a web project anything on the screen is identified by a unique id like TestAutomationdId=&quot;HelpMeButton&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This ensures that any changes to that object (other than removing that object) won't affect your script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T19:50:22.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:53:44.063" Score="13" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great communication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analytical thinking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asks &quot;why not&quot; questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No fear (confident)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team player, no &quot;long ranger&quot; mentality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knows when to push the envelope &amp;amp; when to let go&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Grasps concepts easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loves to learn&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Belief in themselves &amp;amp; the product (ie not a quitter)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T19:53:44.063" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:35.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:54:28.053" Score="7" ViewCount="1492" Body="&lt;p&gt;JavaScript is everywhere right now. With the advent of jQuery and other associated JavaScript frameworks it's amazingly simple to add very powerful user interactions to web sites and web applications. However, with the addition of JavaScript and AJAX the movement away from HTTP and into a more asynchronous pattern has created new challenges. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly you could use, Selenium. But what other frameworks have people used? I'm currently interested in things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.phantomjs.org/&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.envjs.com/&quot;&gt;EnvJS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PyQT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastEditorUserId="42" LastEditDate="2011-05-04T01:13:25.957" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T04:06:16.713" Title="Headless Functional Testing For Your JavaScript Web App?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:55:46.743" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Discussing your automated test needs with your developers up front can often help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A developer should not have tip toe around the application with fear of breaking our tests, but if they can proactively make design choices that make it easier for us to maintain them then that can be a huge time saver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T19:55:46.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T19:56:52.497" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2 offers both iPhone and Android testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are experimental-&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/IPhoneDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;for iPhone&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AndroidDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;for Android&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T07:30:33.133" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T07:30:33.133" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-18T23:22:49.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:00:32.243" Score="11" ViewCount="6783" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Is this going to be a stand-up fight sir, or a bug hunt?&quot;&#xA;  - Hudson&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've always wondered what the secrets were to writing a great bug report. Over time I've narrowed down the activity to three basic elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Replicate: Once you've found the bug, replicate it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document: Write it down, pack in detail where necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communicate: Input it into the bug tracker and tell someone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Replicate&lt;/strong&gt; - Clearly this is the most hated step because you just made something break, why should we break it again? Unfortunately, it's part of the process. Bugs that are repeatable often give the development/implementation team a very clear view into what might be going wrong. A bug that happens one time can be very hard to track down. So, your first step if you find something wrong is to try and make it happen again. This is why it's critical that you mentally keep track of what you're doing and what you've clicked. Certain combinations can yield bugs, while others won't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Document&lt;/strong&gt; - The only thing worse than a bug is a bug without any details. For example, what's wrong with the following bug report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My order failed. I think it is broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from the fact that your order failed, there's no detail! Examples of very excellent detail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Steps to repeat the bug (see Step 1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What you were expecting vs. what you got&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error messages that appear on the page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What browser/operating system were you using&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you were to rewrite the bug like the following - this will make it easier for the implementation team to investigate and solve the issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm using the following:&#xA;  OS: Mac OS X (10.4.9)&#xA;  Browser: Firefox 2.0.0.3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My order for a snuggle puppies on yoursitehere.com wouldn't go&#xA;  through and I'm not sure why. When I try to place the order, I end up on&#xA;  the order entry page with the following error message: &quot;We're sorry, our&#xA;  records indicate another order has already been placed....&quot;&#xA;  I was expecting to end up on the receipt page with a confirmation message&#xA;  and with a confirmation email in my inbox and instead I'm getting an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Try the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Your steps here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Communicate&lt;/strong&gt; - In order for a bug to get corrected, the implementation team needs to know about it. This doesn't end up being as plodding as it sounds. But the sooner you let your primary developer/project manager/testing know the sooner it can be put into the queue to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I've done it ... but what makes a great bug report in your mind? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastEditorUserId="93" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T01:54:20.840" LastActivityDate="2013-10-31T11:38:23.063" Title="How do you write a great bug report?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2011-05-03T20:13:52.777" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:03:20.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the iPhone, you can &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pieceable.com/viewer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;try this Emulator.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, in any given mobile project, hardware would be your best option, then emulators next. Device Anywhere is the bridge between emulation and real iron so it's really up to your company and what budget they have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="57" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T06:35:15.443" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T06:35:15.443" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-18T23:22:49.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="39" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:04:55.977" Score="7" ViewCount="355" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm building a solo project myself. (Java backend, Java AWT frontend. No lectures about AWT vs swing vs *wt, please :-))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's fairly straightforward&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primary server - keeps user information&#xA;Content server - keeps content information&#xA;Client - the user interface&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Client opens up and connects to the primary server. Depending on the content, the connection gets bounced to the proper content server (of course, the primary and content servers do some communication to prepare the authorization of the new client coming in.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At what point should I be writing tests? I want to balance the testing aspect of it with making progress in development, and I'm not sure what the proper balance of that is. I'm much more concerned about the front end than I am about the back end. I pretty much see the GUI as a simple mechanism for calling back-end functionality with a lot of cool pictures. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously there are paradigms like TDD which would dictate no code is written without a test. But this is just my moonlighting project that I do in my spare time. It's mostly for fun (although I'd love to see a profit off it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's currently between 30-40 classes. There are currently no tests of any kind (unit, functional, integration are what I plan to do eventually.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do I know when the right time to stop development and put some tests together is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:10:52.137" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:10:52.137" Title="When to start testing a solo project?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;scheduling&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:07:13.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A great bug report gives the information to the developer that they need to fix the bug, with as little extra as necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, you can't rely on testers to always know what is necessary and what is not, so I would have them err on the side of caution and include as much detail as possible about what they were doing, as long as they keep it cohesive. A good developer will be able to sift through it (assuming the report was written cohesively) to find the information he really needs to fix the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most bugs are simple fixes, and for the most part are simply a misunderstanding of the requirements. It's finding what simple fix to make that is the headache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the tester is able to find specifically which requirement isn't being fulfilled, it should help the developer out a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T20:07:13.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:07:14.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A bug report should include as many details as possible.  But keep in mind that it should not bog down the tester from creating them if it involves lot of effort from their part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good template should contain Title (Short and descriptive), Build No, Requirements Reference (Optional), Problem Description, Expected results, Steps to reproduce, Analysis (Optional).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, the Test manager should update other attributes like, target build (for which this should be resolved), Internal Priority, Customer Severity (if this project is for a client), Project Identifier (If the project has multiple releases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware, that asking a tester to set the Internal priority or customer severity would require explaining lot of managerial aspects of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T20:07:14.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:07:51.203" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Expected Results I also put any graphical updates the product did to the screen (font color change, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether it's &quot;Notes&quot; or somewhere else I put the reasoning behind the logic. As Ralph van Roosmalen writes in his blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaredevelopmentisfun.blogspot.com/2011/05/things-tester-can-learn-from-programmer.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://softwaredevelopmentisfun.blogspot.com/2011/05/things-tester-can-learn-from-programmer.html&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;A good programmer writes why-do-we-do-this comments. For example in the above code, he describes why a should be less than 1 and why he raises an exception.&#xA;As tester always try to write why-do-we-do-this comments, in your test scripts and in your automated test scripts. How you test, that is clear, describe why you are testing the software&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T20:07:51.203" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:20.977" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:08:37.913" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I document the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What I think the problem is. Sometimes this can be tricky, and if I'm not certain, I'll talk to someone about the functionality before submitting it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do I think the expected result should be? Again, tricky. See #1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Steps to reproduce. The easiest way to a developers heart is to provide detailed easy to follow instructions on how you reproduce the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I attach any log files I have and trim them down to only the relevant information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attached database backup or virtual environment ready to go. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T20:08:37.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:09:13.900" Score="7" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A clear title&lt;/strong&gt; - I want to be able to be able to tell at a glance without going into the report itselt what I am looking at.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Description of the bug&lt;/strong&gt; - this should be as concise as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reproduction steps&lt;/strong&gt;.  You should be able to reproduce the bug and hopefully have narrowed it down to the simplest possible steps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Environment considerations&lt;/strong&gt; (OS, browser, hardware) that are relevent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any additional materials that make digging into the problem easier (stack traces, logs, script files, specific data sets, screen shots).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="6037" LastEditDate="2013-10-31T11:38:23.063" LastActivityDate="2013-10-31T11:38:23.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:12:11.483" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, automated UI testing is broken by default, the second you create your tests. I'm not gonna get into a lengthy answer as to why, as its limitations are well known already - maintainability being the most crucial one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently attended a talk about the so called &quot;sapient&quot; testing. It means that repetitive, menial stuff that's just following a few steps of a process should be automated, whereas stuff like UI testing, product integration testing should be done by a &quot;sapient&quot; agent - a person. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its' main philosophy is that automating the work done by a person is actually a degradation of the testing process. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/99&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can find a few words about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer your question - develop fast &amp;amp; agile, build fast &amp;amp; often, execute &lt;em&gt;stable&lt;/em&gt; (read: API-based) automatic tests after every build and create a team to handle the UI testing. Each new button added/moved not only means a lot of maintenance of your tests, it means countless more possible ways in which the user might misuse it - are you sure you will be able to keep up with the maintenance and creation of automated UI test cases for each and every possible combination/path?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="66" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T20:12:11.483" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:22:14.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is great for testing the UI when the focus is on the UI.  If you are interested in testing the functionality I would recommend you use something like NUnit and Moq to automate as much testing of the functionality as you can with code: &lt;a href=&quot;http://o2platform.wordpress.com/2011/04/05/mocking-httpcontext-httprequest-and-httpresponse-for-unittests-using-moq/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mocking HttpContext HttpRequest and HttpResponse for UnitTests (using Moq)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="34" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-28T11:21:35.080" LastActivityDate="2021-01-28T11:21:35.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:23:28.523" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;The right time depends on the development process you are following. Using a simplified interpretation of an agile process would probably work best - pretty much anything that preaches interative development with fast &amp;amp; often builds + test execution after every build will do just fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing to have in mind is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot;&gt;Test-driven development&lt;/a&gt; which mandates that tests are written before any code gets created. This way you're developing code to make your tests successful and abide by your spec. As soon as a new feature gets the green light for the project a spec + tests should be created before work is started on anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this is just one approach. The right answer to your question - when to stop developing &amp;amp; create tests - is NOW. No matter what phase the project is in, no matter how little or how much work has been done, NOW is the time to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only wrong answer here is at the end, when you've put into loads of work and expect everything to be working. It won't. It never does. You, on the other hand, will be reluctant to throw away the seemingly working code due to broken tests at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this puts you in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="66" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T20:23:28.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:27:44.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If IE 9 is breaking your SilkTests you may need to check with the vendor to see what support they have.  It may or may not be supported yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T07:33:24.067" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T07:33:24.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="32" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="378" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:33:37.113" Score="10" ViewCount="1721" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a project that has almost complete unit test coverage. There's only one statement that isn't covered and I can't work out a good way to do so. Say the project is called foo, I have foo/commands.py:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/usr/bin/python&#xA;[...]&#xA;def main(argv):&#xA;    [...]&#xA;&#xA;if __name__ == '__main__':&#xA;    return main(sys.argv) # This line allegedly not covered by tests&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do have a test for it! foo/tests/test_commands.py:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import unittest&#xA;class CommandsTest(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    def test_direct_call(self):&#xA;        proc = subprocess.Popen(['python', 'foo/commands.py', 'help'], stdout=PIPE)&#xA;        stdout, stderr = proc.communicate()&#xA;        self.assertTrue(stdout.startswith('usage:'))&#xA;        self.assertEquals(0, proc.returncode)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(That's not my actual test, but it's along those lines.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use nose as my test runner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;nosetests --cover-erase --cover-tests --with-coverage --cover-package=foo -vs foo&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that this particular statement isn't considered &quot;covered&quot;, because I use plain python instead of coverage.py (or python-coverage as its called on Ubuntu). I could change it to python-coverage, but I don't really want to do that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It may not be available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is available, it may be named differently.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's ok if someone wants to run the test suite without the coverage stuff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, I have a dreadful hack to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;interpreter = 'coverage' in sys.modules ['python-coverage', 'run'] or ['python']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not exactly the most readable code, but imagine the irony of using the more readable approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if 'coverage' in sys.modules:&#xA;    interpreter = ['python-coverage', 'run']&#xA;else:&#xA;    interpreter = ['python']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...only to realise that the &quot;else:&quot; branch ends up not getting called when coverage is enabled, so I just have another line of code that's not exercised by unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal is to fail the test suite if there isn't 100% coverage. I &quot;need&quot; the statement in foo/commands.py because it's a very convenient way to test things during development (in actual installs, it'll use distutils console_scripts magic to call into this file).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideas? Prior art? Anything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: 100% coverage is by no means a guarantee that everything is great. Less than 100% is a guarantee, though, that there's something you're not testing. I can easily verify the 100% coverage, so I see no reason not to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="69" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T06:28:10.597" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T22:45:23.633" Title="Python coverage and external executables" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="33" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:43:20.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most important tip I would give, since it is impossible to create non breaking test cases, is to structure your project so as to be:&#xA;Flexible &amp;amp; Extensible&#xA;eg.:&#xA;- Use ids and use them by retrieving them by a unique property (when it will change you will update only one key).&#xA;- Create generic methods for actions, never use straight inside your test commands like selenium.click etc. but create another method to do so. In the future you may decide to use a different selenium command, the test case will not have to change, only the method's code.&#xA;- By creating a test framework with custom methods you will be able to customize the results you will get after the execution and so you may gain time on analyzing your results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T20:43:20.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="34" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="32" CreationDate="2011-05-03T20:56:09.417" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remove the uncovered line from your .py file and use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;python -c &quot;import foo; foo.main(args);&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can wrap that in an alias or a bash function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="59" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T20:56:09.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="35" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:00:29.157" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, keep in mind: there will be always some maintenance. Whatever approach you will use, your tests will change over time. Many people will suggest to skip GUI automation as it is very brittle. It is true to some degree; many times it is just something they have heard from someone. Sometimes people say that because they have tried it once, expected for some solution to work out of the box. Sometimes they expected they write some tests once and they will work till the end of time, regardless of app changes. Still GUI tests can be affected by many more things than lower level tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your tests I would suggest the following readings on the framework design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First blog from &lt;a href=&quot;http://patrickwilsonwelsh.com/?p=332&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Patrick Wilson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second would be following materials:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teknologika.com/blog/building-the-next-generation-of-automated-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quick overview&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teknologika.com/blog/implementing-the-braidy-testers-automation-stack/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bigger explanation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thebraidytester.com/stack.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Inspiration&lt;/a&gt; for all above and few pdf files describing it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T08:15:51.780" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:15:51.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="37" PostTypeId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:03:17.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only questions relating to a &lt;strong&gt;type&lt;/strong&gt; of testing should use this tag. It is generally a good idea to abstract away from tools, although questions related to a specific tool which supports a given process are more than welcome, if not necessitated, to use this tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;test process&lt;/strong&gt; is a detailed, step-by-step description of the actions that need to be performed by developers and/or testers before, during and after the specification, development, shipping and/or maintaining of a product. Test processes often go hand in hand with development processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test processes are generally aligned to development models - &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall_model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Waterfall&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile&lt;/a&gt; and others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the  most popular testing (and development) processes &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test-driven development&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software testing&lt;/a&gt; in general&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aptest.com/testtypes.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Types of software testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="66" LastEditDate="2011-05-03T21:03:54.433" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T21:03:54.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="38" PostTypeId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:03:17.227" Score="0" Body="Testing processes describe the steps that developers/tests need to take in order to ensure the quality of the product being developed. As such, they abstract away from the tools used to accommodate the needs that might arise during the execution of the process." OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="66" LastEditDate="2011-05-03T21:03:57.867" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T21:03:57.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="39" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:05:17.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation is to start adding tests when you encounter bugs. If you are using some sort of bug tracking software (Trac integrates with SVN pretty well), then you might do what I do, which is to name the tests after the bug report numbers (so for bug &lt;code&gt;1234&lt;/code&gt;, the first test is named something boring like &lt;code&gt;Test_1234&lt;/code&gt; and the second test for the same bug is &lt;code&gt;Test_1234_A&lt;/code&gt;). Then, when your ANT tests run, you can quickly see if you have reintroduced previously reported bugs. This is real helpful when you take long breaks from coding (like on a hobby project, or something that gets occasional annual updates) where you don't remember if you've seen some bug before. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably the worst thing you can do is to stop coding and do nothing but writing tests, as that will get you sick and burned out (and probably abandon the whole project). If you find yourself doing a certain test over and over again, that is most likely a good candidate for adding an automated test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T21:05:17.623" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="40" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="49" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:06:30.040" Score="7" ViewCount="815" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had a quick read around this subject and it looks like Action Recordings can be made in Internet Explorer 9 and then played back with fast forward. However my question is about recordings made in earlier versions of Internet Explorer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I upgrade to IE9 can anyone confirm for me that my Action Recordings that I made in IE8 with Test Manager will indeed work in IE9 (without having to re-record and adjust anything significantly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T12:06:01.537" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T12:06:01.537" Title="Will recordings made with Test Manager in IE8 work in IE9?" Tags="&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;&lt;ie8&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="41" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:08:30.520" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding on to the above answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does not get bored easily. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found that some of the better testers were ones who didn't get bored clicking the same buttons over and over again in The Great Bug Hunt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T07:55:51.680" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T07:55:51.680" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:35.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="42" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:11:06.363" Score="55" ViewCount="27811" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to learn more about software testing, so I want to know which books you would recommend on this topic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2018-10-11T16:39:52.730" LastActivityDate="2020-07-20T11:31:09.370" Title="What books would you recommend to start learning about software testing" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="19" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="57" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T17:25:44.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="43" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:19:05.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_%28software%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; was developed as an extension for &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/firefox&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;firefox&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;firefox&lt;/a&gt; to allow testing of web applications. It is open source and may be downloaded from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;project's website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium offers record and playback through a Firefox Integrated Development Environment (IDE). For automated test cases a variety of languages is supported through multiple Application Programming Interfaces (API's). Browser specific drivers allow for more simple command based browser control. Tests can be run parallel or remotely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, many popular tools offer Selenium integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related tags are &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/selenium2&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;selenium2&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;selenium2&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/webdriver&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;webdriver&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;webdriver&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-07-12T07:57:55.903" LastActivityDate="2015-07-12T07:57:55.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="44" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:19:05.233" Score="0" Body="Selenium is an open source framework for testing web applications. Use for questions about testing with Selenium 1, Selenium IDE, and to a lesser extent, Selenium WebDriver. " OwnerUserId="88" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T13:24:05.270" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T13:24:05.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="45" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:21:15.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conventions&lt;/strong&gt; has made life easier for us! Try to create a standard for how you mark up your pages (HTML) and &lt;strong&gt;make sure everyone on your team is aware of the conventions&lt;/strong&gt; that is decided on. Your conventions should probably include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What elements are used and where&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to decide on a name for id and class attributes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend using the &lt;strong&gt;PageObject pattern&lt;/strong&gt; as suggested by a few people already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="92" LastEditorUserId="92" LastEditDate="2011-05-04T17:27:05.817" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T17:27:05.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="46" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:23:21.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think qUnit is a popular test framework for javascript, though I haven't used it personally.  jQuery uses it, though: &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.jquery.com/Qunit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.jquery.com/Qunit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="98" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T21:23:21.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="47" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:29:54.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend you taking a look at &lt;strong&gt;Jasmine&lt;/strong&gt; if you like &lt;strong&gt;BDD&lt;/strong&gt; style testing/specifications. Seems to be growing in popularity as well. There are a couple of screencasts on using Jasmine available on the net so you should have no trouble getting started. Check it out at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://pivotal.github.com/jasmine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pivotal.github.com/jasmine/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="92" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T21:29:54.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="48" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="52" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:31:36.310" Score="12" ViewCount="4091" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working (almost finishing) a Java project that consists on a server application and some client applications on the same network, that will communicate with the server only to request informations. So what tools are suggested to use for this kind of testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="90" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:49:45.507" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T12:49:45.507" Title="Tools for Server application testing" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-07-14T08:34:03.523" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:15:06.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="49" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="40" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:42:02.370" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at this link from &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd380742.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN&lt;/a&gt;.  It may answer your question in part.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the platform support section:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Windows Internet Explorer 9&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Important Windows Internet Explorer 9&#xA;  is only supported if you have&#xA;  installed Visual Studio 2010 Service&#xA;  Pack 1 The following scenarios are&#xA;  supported if you have installed Visual&#xA;  Studio 2010 Service Pack 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can create an action recording or&#xA;  coded UI test with Internet Explorer 7&#xA;  or Internet Explorer 8 and play this&#xA;  back using Internet Explorer 9.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can create an action recording&#xA;  using Internet Explorer 9 running in&#xA;  compatibility mode and play this back&#xA;  with Internet Explorer 7, Internet&#xA;  Explorer 8 or Internet Explorer 9.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can create a coded UI test from an&#xA;  action recording or by recording&#xA;  actions using Internet Explorer 9&#xA;  running in compatibility mode. You can&#xA;  run this test with Internet Explorer&#xA;  7, Internet Explorer 8 or Internet&#xA;  Explorer 9.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Important You cannot create an action&#xA;  recording using the standard mode for&#xA;  Internet Explorer 9 because the new&#xA;  features and controls for Internet&#xA;  Explorer 9 are not currently&#xA;  supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T21:42:02.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="50" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2011-05-03T21:44:04.980" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://jakarta.apache.org/jmeter/usermanual/index.html&quot;&gt;Jmeter&lt;/a&gt; to test performance of your app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T21:44:04.980" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:15:06.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="51" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17" CreationDate="2011-05-03T22:37:46.460" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using &lt;a href=&quot;http://zombie.labnotes.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;zombie.js&lt;/a&gt; for headless testing. Unfortunately, it doesn't have all the nice stuff like Spies in Jasmine, but you might be able to use jasmine-node if you need that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="110" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T22:37:46.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="52" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2011-05-03T23:25:54.093" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG is appropriated for functional testing (and unit test, by the way). For performance test, Grinder is probably a good choice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot;&gt;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Eclipse plugin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/grinderstone/&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/grinderstone/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastActivityDate="2011-05-03T23:25:54.093" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:15:06.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="53" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="749" CreationDate="2011-05-03T23:46:59.953" Score="11" ViewCount="3871" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in hearing suggestions for ways of recording exploratory test session notes.  We currently use a mixture of &lt;a href=&quot;http://sessiontester.openqa.org/about.html&quot;&gt;Session Tester&lt;/a&gt; and a wiki for recording test notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like many things about Session Tester: it's unobtrusive and lightweight so it doesn't get in the way and distract me from my testing, it's cross-platform, and I very much like being able to tag &quot;issues&quot; for later follow-up during testing, and having them conveniently gathered under one heading in the report afterwards. (Being able to search plaintext files for key words later is also very handy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Drawbacks? It's (as the name suggests) aimed at session based testing, and our exploratory sessions tend to be more &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/503&quot;&gt;threaded&lt;/a&gt;, and less about discrete sessions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-04T18:31:46.417" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T08:16:31.583" Title="Alternatives to Session Tester for recording exploratory test session results" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="54" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:00:58.000" Score="23" ViewCount="1378" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose you're working with bright programmer, but every time you test the code you find a serious, obvious bugs. Things the programmer could have noticed if they did their own testing before checking in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great testers are meant to do great work, and finding obvious bugs is both a waste of QA expertise and a slow way for the team to get things done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you tell a programmer to test their own code before checking in, instead of just &quot;chucking it over the wall&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="95" LastEditorUserId="220" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T21:47:11.413" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:31:32.363" Title="How do you tell a programmer they're not testing their own code enough?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="55" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="64" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:09:31.643" Score="69" ViewCount="40160" Body="&lt;p&gt;Joel has his &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/GuerrillaInterviewing3.html&quot;&gt;The Guerrilla Guide to Interviewing (version 3.0)&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, but that's really for programmers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should you go about interviewing testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We ask programmers to program on a whiteboard; how you can you ask testers to test in an interview, in a way that tells you something useful about them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="95" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2019-01-16T21:20:33.710" LastActivityDate="2021-04-22T00:43:06.313" Title="How should you interview for QA positions?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="16" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="48" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="56" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="66" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:16:08.737" Score="46" ViewCount="2896" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps programmers have their own unit tests, perhaps as the result of doing Test-Driven Development. They run these tests very often; perhaps every few minutes, but at least a few times each day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, QA's automated tests tend to go after bigger chunks of functionality and are therefore slower and usually less reliable than programmer's unit tests. Still, there is a lot of value in getting the results of these tests in programmer's hands as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should QA push for programmers running QA's automated tests? Should QA insist that all of their automated tests pass before checking in? Should the nightly build process include a run of QA's automated tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I wrote &lt;strong&gt;nightly build&lt;/strong&gt; but that only makes sense if you have a nightly build. I suspect that many shops don't have this. I suspect that how QA is done varies very widely, and that awareness of other ways of doing things is very limited.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="95" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T09:39:00.273" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T09:39:00.273" Title="Should programmers run automated tests written by QA?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="57" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="54" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:22:19.483" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If possible, sit down with them, explain the bugs.  Explain how you found it and ask what kinds of tests they run before they say that it's ready.  Start giving some suggestions.  I've always found that starting the code quality discussion with some polite, constructive feedback has yielded the greatest results, letting them decide what what they think is sufficient.  It's not that they don't want to deliver quality code, sometimes they just don't think of what to look for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T00:22:19.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="58" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="54" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:25:52.570" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation is to write them up in the bug tracking system that you use. If you don't have one, you need to get one started. If the bugs are &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; obvious, then their project manager should have words with them. The stats from the tracking software should be able to support your argument that they are careless, or need better understanding of the business problems that the software is intended to solve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How obvious are the &quot;obvious&quot; errors? My last company sold software in the tax/financial reporting arena. I had only been there for 5 years (and everyone else had been there longer than myself) when I left and many of the &quot;obvious&quot; domain knowledge rules and tests were things that I hadn't come across yet. One sample rule was that a Form 5500 filing may have a Schedule I or a Schedule H attachment, but cannot have both (neither is also acceptable). Everyone knew that one, and the only place it was &quot;written&quot; down was deep in the bowels of regulations from the IRS and PBGC; after I got called out (and embarassed) in meetings, I eventually learned it too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a previous employer, the closest to a bug report was shouting down the corridor &quot;check your work better before checking it in!&quot; which still didn't answer what was wrong. But then that company suffered from a lack of source control, so the last person to edit a file was responsible for everything that file had ever done wrong.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My point, and I do have one, is that what is obvious to you is probably not that obvious to someone else. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T00:25:52.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="59" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="63" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:31:25.307" Score="66" ViewCount="3507" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/fog0000000043.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Joel Test&lt;/a&gt;&quot; lists 12 items to look for in a software company:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you use source control?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you make a build in one step?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you make daily builds?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have a bug database?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you fix bugs before writing new code?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have an up-to-date schedule?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have a spec?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do programmers have quiet working conditions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you use the best tools money can buy?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have testers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do new candidates write code during their interview?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you do hallway usability testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you're a tester looking for a testing job, is this the right set of things to look for?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="95" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:09:39.140" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:09:39.140" Title="Is the &quot;Joel Test&quot; appropriate when looking for a QA job?" Tags="&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="34" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="60" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="53" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:34:58.447" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Really depnds on the person testing.  I've yet to find a solution that works for everyone.  Since I'm normally testing on windows machines, I tend to use a combination of psr.exe with OneNote and occaisionally SnagIt for when I need a screen shot to remind me exactly what to look at later if it's not in the scope of what I'm working on.  Normally I'm not a big fan of the selenium IDE, but for testing web applications and I'm in a bit of a rush, I've found that it can be useful.&#xA;  Either way, on my current team, we always attach our testing notes in a text files attached to our test plans.  Considering moving to a wiki for some of the applications, but, not completely sold yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T00:34:58.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="61" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:35:49.313" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excellent posts!&#xA;Apart from what's already been listed, I can add another (somewhat context-specific) ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a willingness to represent user/business interests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coming into software testing from a UAT/business-side of things (I'm still working on developing the technical skills), a willingness to be able to talk to the business (be it managers, users, business analysts), defend their interests and work with (not fight against) the developers to meet those needs is important. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one sense, testers are &quot;advocates of the user&quot; and knowing what the users want and how to find out what they want from a functional, usability etc. sense (usually more than reading the requirements) and putting yourself in their shoes is a very useful skill/s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="115" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T07:36:21.817" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T07:36:21.817" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:16:35.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="62" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:42:05.933" Score="6" ViewCount="3021" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got a Perl-based Selenium instance running on my Win7 workstation.  When I fire up a test script, I get an error &quot;Lock file still present!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Caused by org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxChromeLauncher$FileLockRemainedException: Lock file still present! C:\Users\ME\AppData\Local\Temp\customProfileDir557f5502ab184789aed95c3c1031feff\parent.lock&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k12mB.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rebooted the workstation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manually removed the customProfileDir* directory and all of its contents&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;closed Firefox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verified that I'm already using a .jar archive with 3.6 re &lt;a href=&quot;http://geekswithblogs.net/thomasweller/archive/2010/02/14/making-selenium-1.0.1-work-with-firefox-3.6.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://geekswithblogs.net/thomasweller/archive/2010/02/14/making-selenium-1.0.1-work-with-firefox-3.6.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I resolve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T21:08:49.717" Title="How do I resolve a &quot;Lock file still present&quot; error?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="63" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="59" CreationDate="2011-05-04T00:44:26.763" Score="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a tester, I can say that I'd prefer to work on a team with a high score on the Joel test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the Joel test doesn't necessarily cover some of the things that testers run into. I actually wrote a version of the Joel Test for testers. I didn't think I had the clout to call it the Alan Test, so I just called it the Test Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what's in it.&#xA;The Alan Test – aka &quot;The Test Test&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are testers influential from day one of the project?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the test team own their own schedule?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the test manager report to the general manager (and not to development)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are career paths for testers and developers equal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the developers value testers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do testers have the same working conditions and resources as development?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do testers use good test case management and source control tools?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are tests built daily?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are automated tests and manual tests valued appropriately?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do testers have the same coding guidelines and rules as developers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a culture of quality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full explanation of the list is &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=8&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T00:44:26.763" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="64" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2011-05-04T01:03:05.173" Score="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can ask people to test on a whiteboard too - draw up a sample dialog, or system, and ask them to discuss what ideas they'd have for testing. I really like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/JobsRev6.pdf&quot;&gt;Cem Kaner's approach to this&lt;/a&gt;.  He goes into some detail about how he conducts test auditions - he tends to give two similar examples, with the first one as a practice run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found it very revealing to see how different candidates react to being asked to come up with test ideas for a sample dialog. Some run out of ideas very quickly. Some people are very single-track minded, and &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; their test ideas are along the same lines. Some people ask hardly any questions, and others ask lots. Watching what kind of questions people come up with gives me an insight into what kind of mental model they're building, and what their blind spots are. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also tried giving people an actual app during an interview - I didn't find that much of an improvement on the whiteboard, personally, but it's possible that a better choice of app, or framing, would have helped there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not so much of a fan of &quot;test this lightswitch&quot; or &quot;test this pen&quot; questions - I prefer things that are close enough to real that they trigger genuine questions for people. I know some people have difficulty in getting inspired by things that don't seem like authentic problems, and I don't want to disadvantage potentially promising candidates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T01:03:05.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="65" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-04T01:11:36.303" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on two primary elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are your testers embedded on your software engineering teams. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the output of your tests intelligible and useful to engineers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously it's folly to think that engineers could run tests from some other shadowy team that they have no rapport with. However, if you do have engineers and testers embedded on the same teams than it's more likely that you could have testers and engineers running each others tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More importantly than the tests themselves is the output. If the output isn't useful to an engineer then you might not be getting great value from an engineer running your tests. One thing that I've done to help bridge the gap is to tag tests into suites that are going to be useful to engineers. This way they can run a slice of tests that pertain to their specific work without having to run everything. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T01:11:36.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="66" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-04T01:14:19.473" Score="40" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should QA push for programmers running QA's automated tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, but I'd also suggest that if the programmers don't seem to, it's probably more productive to find out &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; before pushing harder. What's preventing them? Access to proprietary test tools?  Difficult to setup easily on dev environment? Results not meaningful or easy to read? Too slow to run? Too brittle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should QA insist that all of their automated tests pass before&#xA;  checking in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That might be nice, but if the test suite takes 15 hours to run, a bit of a non-starter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should the nightly build process include a run of QA's automated&#xA;  tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="478" LastEditDate="2012-03-14T21:55:18.037" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T21:55:18.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="67" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-04T02:14:38.463" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many companies will have QA's developing full functionality automation suits with tools like selenium. Those can be used as automated smoke tests and used with Build integration tools like Hudson and  maven . Each time when the developers add something new to the application, they can just trigger the suit and  see the applications functionality . This  works great for  regression testing. So as the previous posts  suggest , if the  QA developed site is functionally sound they developers  can benefit a lot from it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T02:14:38.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="68" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-04T02:41:49.170" Score="-5" ViewCount="785" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you measure quality assurance and quality of products in your teams? What metrics do you use? What tools do you use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="45" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T10:12:41.497" Title="What are the best practices in quality assurance process measurement?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2011-05-04T15:13:42.337" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="69" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17" CreationDate="2011-05-04T04:06:16.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do you want to do headless testing? Is it purely due to the environment (such as I want to be able to run some automated tests on a build server that does not have a graphical subsystem)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of the answer to the above, whatever solution you choose, the final target environment should shape your answer.  For example, you could use the HtmlUnit WebDriver (&lt;a href=&quot;http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;).  For my purposes, however, I would not consider using it since the underlying javascript engine is Rhino and none of my supported browsers use the Rhino engine.  As such, any failures (or for that matter successful tests) will need an extra step to determine whether the failure is due to the java script engine used by the tool or due to a failure in the code or some combination of the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While not having a list of tools available for these engines, consider the tools that use the following engines if your target environment are in these browsers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome - V8 JavaScript engine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox - Gecko JavaScript engine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IE9 - Chakra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Safari - WebKit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing these engines, I prefer to use the browser using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="133" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T04:06:16.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="71" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2011-05-04T04:42:30.050" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for automated UI testing using java then &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; is worth having a look at....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T04:42:30.050" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:15:06.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="73" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="54" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:02:27.093" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I am approaching this as a programmer (who is here mostly to learn how to better interact with our testers.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's important to remember that the developer has not always been told how to test the code. Although we wish it wasn't true, the developer was given a set of requirements from someone who really didn't care about every aspect of the system. You can't expect every dev to know every part of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the dev gets the spec, notes down the requirements (that were provided to him) and makes sure those requirements are met. Unfortunately, there are two or three other requirements not on the spec that were pre-existing, and now broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whose fault is it? Is it the dev for breaking the existing requirements? Or was it the person who generated the spec and only told him what things to test? To be honest, in a lot of companies, developers aren't even told what they need to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for me personally as a developer, if you tell me a way I can test a piece of code better, please do. If I can stop the bug from ever seeing you, I want to do it. Otherwise, I have to fix it in three days from now when the change filters its way up to you and then back down to me, I've forgotten everything about it, and it takes me an hour to make one simple fix that should've taken me 30 seconds when I ran that test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can tell a dev they're not testing their code by giving them advice instead of orders. You can say &quot;hey, I've noticed a few patches come up that have XYZ-attribute about them. Typically, I test them with &lt;strong&gt;_&lt;/strong&gt;_input and catch a lot of bugs that way.&quot; Most developers I know would love to avoid going back and fixing their code after it's gone out, and will be receptive to that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I promise you if you're confrontational about it, you'll get a very angry developer who will throw a hissy fit. In that case, you'll be saying &quot;You have buggy code&quot; instead of saying &quot;Hey, here's a way to be more efficient.&quot; The latter is much more appealing, and productive!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:02:27.093" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="74" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:02:43.453" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on what you want your testers do to. If working in a team environment and collaboration are key aspects of what your test team does, make them solve a testing problem with you. If you want them to write some automation or tools (or at least be able to if they're stuck), you may want to have them write some code (but have them write code to solve a testing problem - not some &quot;interesting&quot; algorithm).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general though, I like to take some time before the interview to think, &quot;What would the A+ tester on this team do?&quot;. I create a list of attributes, then brainstorm questions that will help me figure out if the candidate has those attributes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, where I work, career growth has a huge emphasis, so I probe a bit to make sure the tester I'm hiring has long-term potential (I like to ask, &quot;How do you learn?&quot;, as this gives me an indication of how much they &lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt; to grow).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:02:43.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="75" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="78" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:07:12.963" Score="2" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should the tester check usability, security, reliability, anything else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="140" LastEditorUserId="93" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T02:28:09.097" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:08:34.977" Title="What needs to be tested besides compliance with functional requirements?" Tags="&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="76" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="80" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:12:18.950" Score="23" ViewCount="4088" Body="&lt;p&gt;While writing UI automated tests, I've come across situations where test dependency looked like a must. For example, say I have two tests, where the second is dependent on the success of the first. I can add dependency (using &lt;code&gt;TestNG&lt;/code&gt;) on the first test so that the second is executed only when the first succeeds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But most programmers (I suppose &lt;code&gt;xUnit&lt;/code&gt; users) support independent tests. That is, instead of being dependent on the first test, the second would need to bring the system to the right state before executing. To achieve this, the second test might invoke some common methods which would do the same operations as that of the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I see with this approach is execution duplication. The first test is executed. Then the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;independent&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; second test is executed (or it could be executed before the first, as there is no order of execution) which would essentially do the same things as the first test in order to bring the system back to a state where the second can be executed. So, this would take more time over all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you write independent tests? If so, how do you cope up with execution time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="19455" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T06:50:57.907" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T06:50:57.907" Title="Are your UI automated tests dependent or ordered?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="77" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="75" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:15:50.217" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, testers should absolutely be testing non-functional attributes (performance, usability, privacy, security, reliability, compatability, supportability, etc.). In general, I think testing should have &lt;em&gt;less&lt;/em&gt; emphasis on functional requirements and &lt;em&gt;more&lt;/em&gt; emphasis on non-functional requirements, but I don't want to side track your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for a list, start with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilities&quot;&gt;ilities&lt;/a&gt;. If you're looking for a recommended list, it sort of depends on your product and customers. Overall, I find the list in my first paragraph a good place to start, but there's no one size fits all answer here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:15:50.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="78" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="75" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:16:29.990" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think yes, but no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes in the sense that you need to make sure it's &quot;good&quot; in a common sense way. But once you've identified where it's not &quot;good&quot; you need to break down why into a functional requirement. Consider the categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usability is not something that can be tested. How can you put into a specification &quot;Must be easy to use&quot; or something like that? &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NXzMw.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security is something that can be tested, but how do you know something is secure if you don't have a requirement that says what the definition of secure means? You could lock down every port on a server and call it secure, but it won't do anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reliability is another thing that can't really be defined outside of the requirements. If it doesn't meet the requirements all the time, it doesn't meet the requirements. Period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Something else that might fall in this category is efficiency. Someone might say &quot;the app runs too slow.&quot; Well, how fast does it need to run? &quot;Well I don't know, but this is too slow.&quot; Please. Come back when you have a requirement. Sure, I can take a look at the routines, and maybe come up with something, but I need to know what to shoot for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:08:34.977" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:08:34.977" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="79" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:23:26.723" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would make it automatic post-commit (via a trigger, or preferably a build system) that some kind of test is run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the test is too extensive, then scale the post-commit test back to run in a reasonable amount of time (so the dev gets feedback quickly.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the longform test (because longform makes it better, right?) takes X hours to run, I would recommend running it every X/2 or X/3 hours on 2 or 3 different build systems. This will give you feedback consistently throughout the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ability to single out those individual tests would be very very useful. You run the longform test, and you find tests 15 and 29 fail. Now, you can run just against 15 and 29 before you commit. Get them running, pass the simple tests, commit and let it run. Sure it's possible you broke other tests. &lt;em&gt;Usually&lt;/em&gt; you don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I certainly would never discourage the developers from running automated tests, or even manual tests. Honestly, if they can stop a bug before it gets to the testers, that's awesome. That saves the company up to 2 hours worth of time for even a simple fix, when you factor in how long it takes the developer to pick up where he left off when the report finally comes back from QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:23:26.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="80" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="76" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:38:02.280" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I break my automation up into 2 seperate types of classes.  I have 1 class that I use for testing the actual requirements.  These tests are independant of any others and broken up into stories.  These also double as my test evidence in case of projects that require industry compliance (SOX, PCI, etc).  I can't say that I'm overly worried about the execution time of these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second class is in my regression suite.  Although none of them require a seperate test case to be run before any of them, some of them are deep enough into the web application that they can not be run without the same steps as a previous test (for example, I can't test anything behind a login page if the login functionality does not work).  There will be some duplication in these as well, however, it's minimal.  Although I don't use the same &quot;test&quot; again inside of it, I do use some of the same functionality while getting it to the required state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The execution time can be extensive, however, if coded for minimum duplication (ie: happy path to get the system into the correct state), this can be reduced to a minimum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:38:02.280" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="81" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:38:22.390" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the QA team is not embedded in the development team I don't think the whole process will run smoothly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Development should always write unit tests, not the QA team. This is because development has more insight in the code. I would let the QA team write more functional test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastEditorUserId="5302" LastEditDate="2013-05-21T15:45:02.977" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T15:45:02.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="82" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="76" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:45:40.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes I also do write tests that are independent of each other since it is the basic principle for testing. Since I use selenium for testing, I usually re-factor my code so that at-least the duplication of code is reduced. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say for e.g, i have 2 tests to validate a) Login a request b) Update a request. Now since b is dependent of a, I usually write the code in a function and call it from a and b both. Will surely take time, but there can be ways where-in you can execute tests in parallel, in selenium I do it via Selenium Grid. This is helpful when u just want to test one functionality. Hope this helps!!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="129" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:45:40.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="83" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:46:57.457" Score="7" ViewCount="293" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some companies, the testers are expected to do Quality Assurance.&#xA;In my opinion, this is not the way to go.&#xA;Testers normally don't have the mandate to push things thorugh on a higher level.&#xA;Because of that, it is impossible to perform decent QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;QA should be done by a QA manager that consults the testers.&#xA;  What do you guys think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T07:06:22.350" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T07:06:22.350" Title="Should testers be worried about Quality Assurance?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2011-05-05T02:06:00.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="84" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="76" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:48:06.147" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may as well use the dependent tests.  The main reason to keep them independent would be to prevent one failure from hiding a second failure.  If the second test is truly running the first test before executing its actual test scenario, then you don't get that benefit anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:48:06.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="85" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:51:52.990" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Should QA insist that all of their automated tests pass before checking in?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my last employer, the QA test suite involved multiple operating systems (and several different service packs of each), so it would not have been possible for devs to run those tests as part of the smoke/tdd tests. Some of the other tests could not be automated as they required additional software to simulate things like &quot;out of memory&quot; or &quot;disk full, try again&quot; scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Should the nightly build process include a run of QA's automated tests?&lt;/em&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would make sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:51:52.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="86" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="83" CreationDate="2011-05-04T05:55:27.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There isn't a stock answer to this question - it really depends on the organization and the product, and even then I'm sure there are multiple philosophies that can be successful.  I suggest focusing on pleasing your customers, and iterate your processes just as you iterate your products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T05:55:27.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="87" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="90" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:13:48.163" Score="32" ViewCount="21781" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can every test be done by automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there anything that cannot be done by automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="150" LastEditorUserId="196" LastEditDate="2011-05-13T15:27:07.390" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:19:49.223" Title="Can every test be done by automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="16" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="88" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:20:00.647" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you automate usability testing of app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T06:20:00.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="89" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:24:09.280" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation is good for checking, verifying, validating.  It is a tool that can be used as part of your testing.  Most other tests require sapient thought and do not lend well towards automation.  In the end, the automation can only check what you code it to in specific terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T06:24:09.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="90" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:35:04.720" Score="52" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't automate everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't automate people's reactions (emotions) to your software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't automate things you don't think of. (eh? eh?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't automate users' thought patterns going from feature to feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't run a &amp;quot;fun factor&amp;quot; metric (applies to games more than enterprise software, but still.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that's just in 2 minutes. I'm sure I could come up with dozens more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T06:35:04.720" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="91" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:40:41.020" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;JUnit is also an option if you want to test functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T06:40:41.020" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:15:06.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="92" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:40:52.613" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. There are several types of testing where automation is useless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated tests are pointless in &lt;strong&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt;. The main idea in such tests is to explore the functionality to find bugs, to go deviate from standard user stories.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Security testing&lt;/strong&gt; is mostly manual. While it is possible to use test scripts there (ex. testing an input field could contain strings with SQL or XPATH injection), the main point is to analyze program and crack it, which is hard to do using only automated tools.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability testing&lt;/strong&gt; cannot be performed with automated tests only. It is possible to use a tool gathers data about how the program is used. However, another techniques here are user survey, or interview, and user observation, which cannot be done by running a test program.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T03:25:25.333" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T03:25:25.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="93" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:41:40.383" Score="13" ViewCount="2107" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is that a feasible idea? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what tools do you use?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what do you call this kind of testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="151" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T21:52:04.060" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T21:24:55.970" Title="Is there any reliable way to write unit test against the CSS itself for a site?" Tags="&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:08:01.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="94" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="93" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:51:38.437" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You almost certainly have to test on your actual product pages - trying to test CSS 'in parts' will miss out on any of the interesting cascading effects that you get with multiple stylesheets on the whole page.  Of course, you also need to test on all the browsers you care about, since they all have their own rendering idiosyncrasies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finding an appropriate oracle to tell you if the visuals are right can be difficult.  For some stuff, like known colors or attribute values, you could check the HTML attributes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could do manual or automated page comparison against a known-good image of the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could do some automated checking for overlapped or truncated elements - I'm not sure which if any test toolkits do this.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T06:51:38.437" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:08:01.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="95" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="62" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:54:01.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you sure that the Firefox process itself is killed? Sometimes, closing Firefox isn't enough, you will have to kill the process manually via the task manager.&#xA;Also, make sure you are using the latest version of Selenium RC.&#xA;This is what I could find:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Here is my log on this error: … java Caused by: org.seleniumhq.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxChromeLauncher$FileLockRemainedException: Lock file still present! C:\DOKUME1\Semadou\LOKALE1\Temp\customProfileDir9d4a3879bb7d4ca5b75dbbb488ec30b1\parent.lock&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sometimes Selenium Remote Control does not stop Firefox properly on Windows and things get very messy (leaving lock files behind). This does happen when you Ctrl-C while running the test suite for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you encounter this problem, I would advise you to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Kill all running Firefox instances and make sure that there is no Firefox process in the task manager (or even better reboot)&#xA;  Delete all the directories: C:\DOCUME1\\LOCALS1\Temp\customProfileDir*&#xA;  While you are at it cleanup C:\DOCUME1\\LOCALS1\Temp as much as possible&#xA;  Run your tests or the demo again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T06:54:01.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="96" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="62" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:54:33.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all... Are you using a Grid? This might be helpful: &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-grid.seleniumhq.org/faq.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium-grid.seleniumhq.org/faq.html&lt;/a&gt; - Look for the error message Lock file. You will find a probable answer there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, try a tool which detects locked files and what they are locked by. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also... Your problem is a known one: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jira.openqa.org/browse/SRC-507&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jira.openqa.org/browse/SRC-507&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you should try updating? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I could help a little. :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T06:54:33.293" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="97" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="83" CreationDate="2011-05-04T06:57:09.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Separate roles for persons who execute and plan tests are often unnecessary, especially in a small team. These are two closely related functions, so I don't see any disadvantage for a tester to write a test spec, or for a test manager to do some exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to that such strict separation adds bureaucracy and reduces team flexibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T06:57:09.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="98" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="116" CreationDate="2011-05-04T07:01:41.323" Score="21" ViewCount="4999" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/48/tools-for-java-software-testing&quot;&gt;Tools for Server application testing&lt;/a&gt;, I'm looking for Python-related testing tools/software (as Python is my most frequently-used language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="150" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2019-01-21T02:44:54.117" Title="Tools for Python software testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="12" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-05T02:16:00.033" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="99" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="98" CreationDate="2011-05-04T07:15:08.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mechanize&lt;/strong&gt; is quite powerful request-based tool to test web apps. &lt;a href=&quot;http://wwwsearch.sourceforge.net/mechanize/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://wwwsearch.sourceforge.net/mechanize/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T07:15:08.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="93" CreationDate="2011-05-04T07:59:42.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A simple application I use to test cross browser compatibility with regards to CSS is  &lt;a href=&quot;https://browserlab.adobe.com/en-us/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adobe Browser Lab&lt;/a&gt; which lets you compare rending in different browsers from different operating systems (you would be surprised to see some of the tiny differences that exist on the page). On the subject of cross-browser compatibility have a read over &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.1stwebdesigner.com/design/tools-browser-compatibility-check/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; as it provides descriptions and links to some more helpful tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T07:59:42.863" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:08:01.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-05-04T08:07:39.920" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to add one aspect to &quot;automated tests are pointless in exploratory testing.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can imagine some scenarios, where I would like to explore something, lets say how the program behaves when I executed functionalities over and over for eight hours. Or certain workflows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case manual exploring it would be too time consuming. So I might consider writing some automated tests helping me to follow up on that mission.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as such, I would never say &quot;automation&quot; can't be helpful for ET, but as often (always?) it depends on the context behind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="156" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T03:26:08.257" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T03:26:08.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-05-04T08:12:26.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can automate every technical aspect of a project, plus some human behavior test if you like it, for example you can use ClickDensity to track the behavior of users on your website or online application (is that on-topic?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.clickdensity.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.clickdensity.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as a rule of thumb, let's say that what is human behavior related is not testable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T08:12:26.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="83" CreationDate="2011-05-04T08:22:48.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really like the other approach: QA can stand for Quality Assistance. QA role is to inform what quality is the product. I think PM should be responsible to make decisions based on this and other information he/she has.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="158" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T08:22:48.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="104" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-04T08:34:35.690" Score="7" ViewCount="2276" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to automate the testing with selenium - even when I am right now a beginner with automatic testing and especially selenium. Therefor I am working with Bromine 3 RC 2. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a way to test an web application each night and send an email with the status of the test? Would you use another tool instead of Bromine 3? What tools do you use in combination with Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="152" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:07:49.877" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:07:49.877" Title="Can Selenium and Bromine 3 execute overnight and email the results" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-05-04T08:54:42.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bromine is more of test management tool and you could definitely live with out. Though having test management tool has its own advantages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides Bromine you could also use - TestLink and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XStudio&lt;/a&gt;. XStudio has facility to execute Selenium test, though I am not sure of TestLink&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing app build each night and sending mail notification can be achieved using Continuous Build Integration tools aka CI tools. You may like to have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://hudson-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hudson&lt;/a&gt; for this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T08:54:42.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="106" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="177" CreationDate="2011-05-04T09:21:44.463" Score="6" ViewCount="683" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I recently asked this question on a less active exchange and as a result didn't get the range of opinions I was after so am repeating it here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been working as a tester for the last 6 months (in the UK) and I have just been asked by my employer to work towards the ISEB Certified Tester Foundation Level &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bcs.org/category/6942&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Book&lt;/a&gt;. My main source material is the following book  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bcs.org/category/14012&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Click to check book&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was hoping that I could get some input from people who have completed this certification in the past. Do you have any sage advice that I should stick to? or any best practices I should adopt while learning the material?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I realize that this certification is unlikely to make me a better tester but it is something the company wants our testers to pursue, so in essence I would appreciate opinions on how to pass the test as quickly as possible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-05-21T15:41:26.487" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T10:21:32.833" Title="Preparing for ISEB" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;certification&gt;&lt;qualification&gt;&lt;iseb&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="83" CreationDate="2011-05-04T09:43:17.587" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you already stated, testers (normally) don't have the power, budget or other means to actually improve the quality themselves (as in rewrite code, extend deadlines, reduce features).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be argued, that by giving information to the decision makers (stakeholders) we &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; improve quality indirectly (if the people listen to our advice and act upon it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By putting the decision not on our shoulders (or ours alone), one can share the responsibility and create a commitment for all parties involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thats what I did in my current company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) It takes the heat and blame of the testers and my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) I created a team for the release decision making of product management, developers and testers.&#xA;C) The collegues involved get a better insight, what is he current state of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D) If they still need to release it (market, special feature, etc.), they decide so better informed and conscious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E) By involving different aspects for the decision (market view, technical view, user view, aka product management, developers and testers) we made sure, that we cover all important aspects which should be seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="156" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T09:43:17.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-05-04T09:50:50.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I only did a few learning lessons myself with Selenium (I am not a developer). But I enjoyed working with the book &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Simplified&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. It uses ECLIPSE IDE, JAVA and Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Email Notification I found an interesing snippet &lt;a href=&quot;http://bharath-marrivada.blogspot.com/2011/01/selenium-send-email-notifications.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;How to initiate .vbs file from Java&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it might give you some starting points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: first link fixed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="156" LastEditorUserId="152" LastEditDate="2011-05-04T20:46:12.510" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T20:46:12.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="106" CreationDate="2011-05-04T10:00:59.863" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Full disclosure: I've not completed the ISEB certification, however prior to moving to development I managed a QA/Test team of 5, two of who had completed the foundation certification.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Remember, this is similar to every other qualification that you've ever done so the same basic principles hold true:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plan:&lt;/em&gt; Put together a study plan so you know what you should be studying and when. You need to ensure that this is achievable in the time you have available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Organise:&lt;/em&gt; Keep yourself organised. If you're a lists person, write lists. If you like using your Outlook calendar to organise yourself, put all your study periods into that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keep Notes:&lt;/em&gt; Lists, brainstorms, bullet points, paragraphs, flowcharts; whatever works for you to act as a quick reference that helps you refresh your memory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Balance:&lt;/em&gt; This does tie back to &quot;Plan&quot; to an extent. Don't over work yourself. This isn't school, college, or university, you're holding down a full time job &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; studying. Make sure you strike the right balance because if you don't, studying for ISEB will make you miserable. That isn't likely to result in a good grade.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As far as the ISEB is concerned, it has been known to be called a little, errr, &quot;dry&quot;. Persevere though, it does add value to your day to day working skillset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you find opportunities to introduce things you're learning into your day-to-day role? &lt;strong&gt;There's no better way to reinforce theory than practice&lt;/strong&gt; (If you can't, why are you studying towards it?).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have any colleagues who're certified (ISEB that is, not the other certified! =) and can act as a sounding board for ideas or to help you grasp concepts you may struggle with?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't forget, now that sqa.stackexchange exists, there'll (hopefully!) be a lot of people here that you can apply my prior point to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst none of this is &lt;em&gt;particularly&lt;/em&gt; specific to ISEB, hopefully it'll be of some help to you in your studies!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="163" LastEditorUserId="163" LastEditDate="2019-06-20T10:21:32.833" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T10:21:32.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="68" CreationDate="2011-05-04T10:12:41.497" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are no &quot;best&quot; practices in my opinion.&#xA;As others on the internet stated before, there might be &quot;good&quot; or &quot;good enough&quot; practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to see it in context.&#xA;One good practice which fits perfectly for your company, product, people, etc.. (~context), might be TOTALLY wrong in my company, product, people, etc. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also on the note of &quot;metrics&quot;.&#xA;This can be a dangerous thing as well. Often you get, what you measure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I would be evaluated/paid by the amount of bugs, you can bet, that I would find dozens every day (or what ever the needed amount is).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this would be &quot;real&quot; bugs or not.. wouldn't matter much for me (if my pay depends on it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also for developers: If you measure them by lines of code, you can bet you get dozens of lines, even when the function could be neatly fit in one line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;:-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="156" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T10:12:41.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-04T10:58:09.100" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience ... Execute, YES. Maintain NO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context for my comment.  I am assuming Programmers in your question = developers of application, not testers with programming skills&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that there is an inherent motivation that testers, (even dedicated software engineers in test) have that developers don't, and that is that writing, running and maintaining tests adds value to the work a tester does, i.e. it can reduce their manual testing workload, and the better it runs the more time they have to do other &quot;testing stuff&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For programmers, it is just another task that they need to do that stops them from adding in new features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, you should have testers who are trained developers, and it is part of the daily build and test process, that you can get QA to run. It is in their interest for that process to run as smoothly as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If developers want to run tests, then they can of course, however your testers should have that as a primary responsibility. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T13:26:10.873" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T13:26:10.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="93" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:01:41.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use a good automation tool to test for the existence of css in the html or css file, however, the computed style of a particular element will be significantly different from that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This type of testing is where I think manual testing really shines and the best tools are ones like &lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;browsershots.org&lt;/a&gt; to get the information in front of a human as quickly as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T11:01:41.217" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:08:01.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:13:45.697" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that this is well covered by Steve McConnell in his book &lt;em&gt;&quot;After the Gold Rush&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, where he states that you should make jugglers juggle before you hire them, so make them test in the interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, pick a piece of commonly used software, like say copying a file to a folder in windows and ask them &quot;You are the test lead on this, what would you want to test before you ship it.&quot; Good testers will be able to tell you hundreds of test cases, poor testers will struggle at 10-20 obvious ones.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="5302" LastEditDate="2013-05-21T15:44:51.197" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T15:44:51.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="53" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:16:45.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Test manager 2010 does a great job at this. It can record the whole session, you can play it back automated, you can also attach parts of it to bugs as an attachment. It's expensive, but it is really, really good for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T11:16:45.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:22:28.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt; for continuous integration to automate Selenium testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up automated tests with selenium, save in nunit c# class library (can also work for any other unit testing framework that works with TeamCity). Save the library in SVN.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up config in TeamCity to build and run unit tests on a fixed schedule (mine run at 3am).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the machine that hosts TeamCity, set up the Selenium server to run in the background &lt;a href=&quot;http://unintelligible.org/blog/2009/07/28/installing-selenium-rc-as-a-windows-service/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;as a Windows Service&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The TeamCity configuration can be modified to automatically send emails at the conclusion of each successful build, only on failed tests, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="164" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T11:22:28.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="98" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:23:20.847" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;While it's not updated as regularly as it once was, Grig Gheorgiu's &lt;a href=&quot;http://packages.python.org/testing/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python Testing Tools Taxonomy&lt;/a&gt; is considered by Pythonistas to be an excellent reference point for tools. It covers the following kinds of testing tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit Testing Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mock Testing Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuzz Testing Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Testing Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance/Business Logic Testing Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI Testing Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Source Code Checking Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code Coverage Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous Integration Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Fixtures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Miscellaneous Python Testing Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:41:55.877" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:41:55.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:24:08.140" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to giving them an app to test, I've had good luck with showing testers a set of requirements and then letting them ask questions about the requirements and start to brainstorm tests from them. I try to make sure the list of requirements has some vague statements in them to see what kind of questions people will ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T11:24:08.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="316" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:35:12.517" Score="8" ViewCount="19544" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any advice to share on how to successfully test BIG ETL or data warehouse applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have my own ideas of-course, but there only appears to be one main &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.information-management.com/issues/20070601/1086005-1.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;article on line&lt;/a&gt; that covers the basics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data completeness. Ensures that all expected data is loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data transformation. Ensures that all data is transformed correctly according to business rules and/or design specifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data quality. Ensures that the ETL application correctly rejects, substitutes default values, corrects or ignores and reports invalid data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Performance and scalability. Ensures that data loads and queries perform within expected time frames and that the technical architecture is scalable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Integration testing. Ensures that the ETL process functions well with other upstream and downstream processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;User-acceptance testing. Ensures the solution meets users' current expectations and anticipates their future expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regression testing. Ensures existing functionality remains intact each time a new release of code is completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:13:04.083" Title="What are some real world strategies for testing ETL and data warehouse applications" Tags="&lt;data-warehouse-testing&gt;&lt;etl&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="120" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:36:28.433" Score="29" ViewCount="2821" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard a lot of &quot;abuse&quot; about automated testing, especially UI bases automated tests. As UI is very fragile and prone to change (especially in agile shops). Personally my automated tests have given more confidence about working system than finding defects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is your success ratio with automated UI tests? Or maybe how you define success with automated UI test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T05:58:54.003" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T05:58:54.003" Title="Has automated UI regression testing helped you in finding critical defects in system?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="119" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:43:23.053" Score="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;My real world experience of running test suites of 1000+ tests every day on large web systems is that your hunch is right and that they don't find that many bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what they do do is two key things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They free up the valuable time that testers would otherwise have to spend regression testing to do exploratory testing which &lt;strong&gt;does&lt;/strong&gt; find bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They give you the opportunity to heavily re-factor or make large changes quickly and confidently.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T11:43:23.053" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="119" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:44:37.593" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to understand the following... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation will never find NEW bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will find bugs if your system is updated. It will find bugs if the system is down for whatever reason and you are sleeping in your bed and you have automation enabled overnight. It will send you an urgent email that you will read in the morning that the site was down for an hour or so. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It won’t find bugs that humans find through bug regression. It won’t find bugs in the system that require analysis and constant pounding. It won’t find hidden bugs. It will only find bugs that it is programmed to find. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said... Automation is something that will help you concentrate on those hidden bugs. It will get a LOT of testing off your shoulder. Like multy browser, endless input of various combinations of data. Tidies tasks like create test data, companies, users, etc. Stress test, Load test, functionality. All that can be covered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So success for an automated test would be the assurance that if a developer checks in code, you can be sure that a major part of the application is regressed at night when you are sound asleep. And you can be sure that it will find changes, defects which that update produced and nothing will be unnoticed unless you didn't write a test for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T11:44:37.593" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="122" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="717" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:53:39.233" Score="7" ViewCount="3921" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently started converting my automation suites from &lt;code&gt;WatiN&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;Selenium2&lt;/code&gt;.  In both cases, I've been using &lt;code&gt;C#&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although these may seem like simple questions, I've been searching for answers for about 2 weeks with almost no success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Is there a way to assert that an element exists?  I've had to resort to creating an abject and expecting an exception to be thrown if it doesn't exist on the page.  In &lt;code&gt;WatiN&lt;/code&gt;, it was as simple as: &lt;code&gt;assert.isTrue(browser.textField(Find.ById(elementId)).exists);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Is there a way to assert that text is present on the page?  I've yet to find a work around for this.  In &lt;code&gt;WatiN&lt;/code&gt;, my test would have been: &lt;code&gt;assert.isTrue(browser.containsText(&quot;text&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T06:46:20.117" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:11:39.193" Title="Selenium2 assert questions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="119" CreationDate="2011-05-04T11:57:29.510" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The previous posters are correct - automation can never find new bugs, that can only be done by sapient testing - however automation will find regression faults, and often not the ones you are looking for.  However, sapient analysis of the results of automation tests can find significant issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cite an example for my last project where we had close to 1000 automated tests running through the UI every day.  We had an occasion where some of the tests were failing intermittently and without any clear reason (the code around that area was stable and hadn't been touched for some time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when I looked at the test results, I couldn't see anything immediately.  One of the test criteria was that the page title was &quot;foo&quot;, and when I looked at where the assert had failed I could see that the actual page title contained &quot;http 403&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just by looking at that failed assertion, I immediately had a rough timescale for the failure, and could more quickly isolate the completely unrelated problem that was unintentionally bringing down the site for a few hours perhaps once a week. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say if our test team would have found that bug or not without the regression suite, but it would have taken much longer for sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T11:57:29.510" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="106" CreationDate="2011-05-04T12:04:09.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your employer is telling you to do the qualification, could you ask them for some training?  The ISEB Foundation course is relatively easy to pass, and with instruction I think a 2-3 day intensive course would be enough to learn the syllabus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Training providers are abundant and can be found through all good search engines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T12:04:09.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="122" CreationDate="2011-05-04T12:11:46.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I know that there is a function in Selenium called &lt;code&gt;verifyIfTextPresent&lt;/code&gt; that you can use.&#xA;Check this link for more info - &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.html#assertion-or-verification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;assertion/verification docs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T06:46:17.327" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T06:46:17.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="955" CreationDate="2011-05-04T12:18:53.980" Score="8" ViewCount="1290" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a test management product to structure our current manual testing. What I would like to it handle is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;recording of test cases, including parametrised ones;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;historical analysis of trends: number of tests, duration, succes criteria;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to &quot;feed&quot; test results, e.g. from automatic acceptance tests with &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to open tasks in an issue tracker based on failed testing runs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The price tag is obviously important, so free products are preferred. As we are a software company, an architecture which allows us to develop plugins is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-08-01T19:35:43.243" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:12:51.053" Title="Test management product recommendation" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="54" CreationDate="2011-05-04T12:20:13.757" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past I have approached this by firstly defining the &quot;quality bar&quot; as to what is expected and had this agreed by the whole team. This includes setting a defect threshold for the whole team (usually 0 Sev 1's and 10 bugs per developer). When a developer or the team gets above this threshold they must stop adding features and fix their bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this in place it sets the expectations on an agreed quality target for the application. The developer then knows what he is aiming for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I use metrics and focused testing to enforce this. If a developer, or area of the application was defect prone, we would focus our testing there, hit the threshold and development would stop until the quality was improved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers hate it first, but they grow to crave working on a high quality code base because they can add new features confidently and quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T12:20:13.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2011-05-04T12:25:42.603" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; is a nice tool to test (not only SOAP!) webservices, define several types of assertions on the responses, build functional tests and also derive load tests from functional tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a (super nice) plus, mostly everything in SoapUI can be scripted with Groovy, which allows for even more flexible testing, and finally, there is also a Maven-Plugin which lets you integrate all your tests easily in a continuous integration/testing/deployment scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="170" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T12:25:42.603" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T15:15:06.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="133" CreationDate="2011-05-04T12:29:42.087" Score="16" ViewCount="1372" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having a development background, I am convinced that record and replay testing tools have their drawbacks, especially by making tests brittle. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autotestguy.com/archives/2005/02/automated_testi_2.html&quot;&gt;Automated Testing != Record-Playback Tool&lt;/a&gt; for a good summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Record-playback scripts are more expensive to maintain because the code they generate is long, complicated, not object oriented and must be further manipulated to put into reusable components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that a stable framework is offered to QA , is it a reasonable expectation for them to code automated tests? I will obviously assume that they will have at least some programming background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Update&lt;/em&gt;: I am interested only in the QA bits specific to automated testing. I am very well aware of the benefits of manual, exploratory testing, but that is out of scope for this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22" LastEditorUserId="3" LastEditDate="2011-05-04T15:02:20.393" LastActivityDate="2011-05-09T21:25:10.907" Title="Should QA be able to code tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="130" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="139" CreationDate="2011-05-04T12:34:05.297" Score="12" ViewCount="2610" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing process involves plenty of documentation. How to organize it, so that it is easy to get an information that is needed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T23:38:13.893" Title="How to organize test documentation?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:03:07.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It realy depends on the people you as company Hire. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have testers with coding skills then you can expect them to code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you have Manual Testes who never used or heard of Java ( exaggarating ofc ) then don't expect them to code automated tests OR if they want to learn it... Well that's a long process 'till they get to the point in which they can write proper tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try using Cucumber... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cukes.info/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes writing tests easier AFTER it has a framework in the background with most capabilities already coded. It's like LEGO. Just put together the pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T13:03:07.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:07:39.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is extremely hard to get sufficient data in reasonable time about software quality just by clicking around. When you have a large project, scripts that automate regression tests save enormous amount of time. When you have a software that generates complex reports, manual comparison of related reports can be tiresome and unreliable. Database testing is impossible without SQL knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I did not get to performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T13:07:39.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:16:33.763" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer your question, yes, if someone has the skill then QA should code tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond the simple question is a bigger issue.  As a professional test engineer you need to know when automated/coded tests are right to use on a project.  Do you need full on automation, a quick script, some home-grown tool or do you need a manual test plan executed by a tester?  And on any given project the answer could be any/all of these in some combination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would never discourage test engineers from coding, but make sure they have the understanding to know when it is appropriate to use and when it isn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T13:16:33.763" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:18:59.627" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The obvious answer is YES, but then there is the why ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO IT industry still generally views testing as a job that anyone can perform with minimal technical skills. A lot of testers are hired with no programming skills required, no industry specific knowledge, just X number of years in testing, good communication skills and some experience with a particular test tool vendor’s product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine a dialogue between a test driver and an engineer going something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“The new car feels a bit funny at the front”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“What do you mean by funny?”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Well I turn the round thinngy in the there …”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“oh you mean the steering wheel”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By comparison, a test driver that understands how a car works can have a much more meaningful conversation with the engineer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“It has mid-corner understeer, after turn in.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Ok we can solve that by increasing camber slightly or adjusting the rear springs.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“Let’s try the spring adjustment, as changing camber will also effect tire wear.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The technical tester, or tester with deep domain knowledge &lt;strong&gt;in addition to great testing skills&lt;/strong&gt; is much more effective than the non-technical equivalent as they have similar, equivalent or superior knowledge to the engineer but simply a different focus and specialist skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an abridged version of a blog post I made on this subject - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teknologika.com/blog/the-tester-is-dead-long-live-the-sdet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Record and playback is primarily to get entry level tool sales. I have managed teams where we run 1000+ tests a day, with not a single recorded test in sight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-09T21:25:10.907" LastActivityDate="2011-05-09T21:25:10.907" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:29:53.290" Score="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think attempting to automate everything without thinking about what you're actually going to &lt;em&gt;test&lt;/em&gt; is a horrible (but unfortunately common) practice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My standard line is that &lt;strong&gt;you should automate 100% of the tests that should be automated&lt;/strong&gt;. Figuring out which tests to automate (or not to automate) is the hard part. Testers frequently waste time attempting to automate something that should not be automated, while others waste time testing something manually that should be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal litmus test is boredom. I automate the boring stuff and use my brain to test the things that interest me. There are, of course, exceptions, but this has worked well for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T03:05:41.990" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T03:05:41.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="130" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:33:13.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, you can try placing all important information on a company wiki/document repository, there are applications that will OCR pdf, doc etc files so you can search for content&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T13:33:13.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:34:38.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes down to it, an automated test is a &lt;em&gt;software product&lt;/em&gt;.  The deliverable is a piece of code, and it's completely reasonable to expect that the people responsible for creating automated tests actually know how to write test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="106" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T13:34:38.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="130" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:41:33.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work we are not quite as progressive. We simply store the documents categorized by product feature (i.e., modules of the application) on the network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Installation testing is slightly different. We store per the version release; also the installation testing documents are stored located with the repository of tasks (anomalies). There is nothing special about this; it is just easier for the developers to go to that location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T13:41:33.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="130" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:44:00.680" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This varies from organization to organization and team to team and application to application.  It all depends on what works best for your situation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Test documentation attached to requirements.  This works well with HP's Quality Center. All test data is in the same application and tests are individually linked to a master test plan and a specific requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Test documentation is stored independantly.  In these cases, all test data is stored in a central location accessable to the entire test team.  Test scripts/notes are typically stored with the test plan and organized by release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Team wiki.  Test data is stored on a wiki of some sorts.  This can work well when development and business analysts also use the same wiki as it leads to collaboration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Test documentation is stored with code.  In the cases of an integrated environment, I've seen cases where test data is stored in the same source control as the code, and tests are linked to pieces of code but left out of the build process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just some ways, but again, it depends on the situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T13:44:00.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="126" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:47:18.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That would be one nifty product. I cannot speak from personal experience but I can point you to few low cost alternatives as per Randy Rice's recent blog (&lt;a href=&quot;http://randallrice.blogspot.com/2011/05/stareast-2011-free-and-cheap-test-tools.html?spref=tw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link to article&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testrail&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Runtestrun&lt;/strong&gt; look like possible options for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T07:11:52.253" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:11:52.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="126" CreationDate="2011-05-04T13:57:29.780" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your asked for a test management product to structure our current manual testing, in this case, you can try out &lt;a href=&quot;http://testlink.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Link&lt;/a&gt;, which is an open source tool. It has almost everything you need to organize your manual testings including: test plans, test cases, test results, and test reports. Check out the tool for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you asked the integration of Selenium for your automation feature, you may also look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;xStudio&lt;/a&gt;. It's free to download and use, and you can also purchase for commercial supports. It has rich features for selenium integration (htmlsuite, Java, C#, Ruby, python). Take a look at the overview of its documentation here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com/documentation/documents.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link to docs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T07:12:51.053" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:12:51.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-05-04T14:03:37.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for now (while this stackexchange site is still in private beta) I would suggest to look for answers on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/selenium&quot;&gt;answers tagged selenium on stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T14:03:37.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2011-05-04T14:12:36.097" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ron Patton: Software Testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0672327988&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;@Amazon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="158" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T14:12:36.097" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T17:25:44.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="122" CreationDate="2011-05-04T14:13:00.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Isn't there &lt;code&gt;isElementPresent(String locator)&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;isTextPresent(String text)&lt;/code&gt; function for &lt;code&gt;Selenium&lt;/code&gt; object?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T07:11:25.123" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:11:25.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2011-05-04T14:14:43.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sagar Naik, Piyu Tripathy: &#xA;Software Testing and Quality Assurance: Theory and Practice &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471789119&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;@Amazon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="158" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T14:14:43.503" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T17:25:44.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2011-05-04T14:28:20.337" Score="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;August 2020 Update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst I still recommend those &amp;quot;classics&amp;quot; below I would have to add to the list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/1492043869&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chaos Engineering System Resiliency in Practice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0321601912&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous Delivery: Reliable Software Releases through Build, Test, and Deployment Automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;May 2011 Answer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com.au/books?id=86rz6UExDEEC&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=he%20art%20of%20Software%20Testing%20isbn&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=yQPrKcu7uO&amp;amp;sig=zebgmnVJm4tXt5P9392AiQ789SI&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=xWHBTcizMZDNrQfdrfXtBw&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=1&amp;amp;ved=0CBsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The art of Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; is a time-honoured classic that is very good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The testing chapters of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/store/code-complete-9780735619678&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Code Complete&lt;/a&gt; by Steve McConnell are excellent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chapter 5 of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abebooks.com/9780684855318/Microsoft-Secrets-Worlds-Powerful-Software-0684855313/plp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microsoft Secrets&lt;/a&gt; is really good for understanding how the daily build works. (But his is getting hard to find now)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/store/how-we-test-software-at-microsoft-9780735624252&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How we test software at Microsoft&lt;/a&gt; is also a good title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2020-07-20T11:31:09.370" LastActivityDate="2020-07-20T11:31:09.370" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T17:25:44.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="98" CreationDate="2011-05-04T14:33:43.757" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had only one experience of automation testing for Qt apps on Linux. The tool I used is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.froglogic.com/index.php&quot;&gt;Squish&lt;/a&gt;, and it supports Java, Web and Mobile testing as well. The test scripts are written in python. Just FYI. It's a commercial product, you need to buy the license.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T14:33:43.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3082" CreationDate="2011-05-04T14:57:49.303" Score="140" ViewCount="10253" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a Java developer by trade. I was 'brought-up' in what you could call best practices. Then I took my current job. I had a choice between the Java/SOA team, and the ERP team. I was told that joining the ERP team would give me the best insight into how the business operates (not in terms of technology, but in terms of business.) So I went with ERP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a system with over 4 million lines of &quot;Progress 4GL&quot; code (since renamed to Openedge ABL, because &quot;4GLs sound bad&quot;) code, spread out around about 11000 files. The best part is, no file exists more than one folder down. So you have about 50 folders, each with 300-400 files a piece in them. Luckily, many of the files haven't been touched in over 7 years, and many of them are deprecated (but we don't delete them from version control &quot;just in case.&quot; Don't even get me started on that one.) So there's really only about 1.5 million lines of code we'd actually have to test. &quot;Only.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could go on and on about the poor practices of the system. The bottom line was for years, developers had no option to say no. It was &quot;gimme gimme gimme,&quot; combined with a lot of contractors moving in and out. Now, they want to clean up their act.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the first things I suggested was testing. They said, basically &quot;we've been wanting to do testing for years, but we don't really know where to start.&quot; The business logic and database access are baked into the UI. (I'd say GUI, but it's not graphical, it's on a mainframe. Even the order-entry people telnet in.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this is pretty much a worst case scenario. Millions of lines of code. Over a billion dollars in annual sales running through the system, so it's not going to get a re-write (obviously &quot;it works as it is.&quot;) No object orientation. No formal or automated tests. Our testers are also the ones who write the specs (which biases them toward &quot;pushing the project through.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm getting pretty desperate. I'm even willing to write whatever testing frameworks (there isn't much for Openedge in open source frameworks) we need on my spare time. I'm convinced it will pay for itself quite quickly. &lt;strong&gt;Where can we start? Has anyone here come across a similar project (even if smaller in scale) and if so, how did you cope with and overcome this?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: I've had a chat with my manager, and I have approval to draw up a spec/timeline for creating a test harness. At first, I heard this: &quot;What we really need to do is write some tests.&quot; to which I responded &quot;Having tests won't really help us if we don't have a way to run them. I've been looking into ProUnit (the old name for OEUnit) and think it will work for us.&quot; &quot;We should write some tests using it.&quot; It took about 10 minutes of repeating this for him to realize it was not as simple as downloading the library and &quot;using it.&quot; But, approval to write a spec to create a test harness is a start! Thanks guys for all your input!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2020-03-05T05:47:17.087" LastActivityDate="2020-03-05T05:47:17.087" Title="1.5 Million lines of code. 0 tests. Where should we start?" Tags="&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="69" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-05-04T15:08:41.200" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two answers, depending on how you interpret this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, everything that can be done manually &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be automated with the right combination of tools, and given the right environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, actually creating/obtaining the tools, putting in the time to write/maintain the test, and verifying the results can be cost prohibitive, so...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;, you effectively cannot, and &lt;em&gt;should not&lt;/em&gt; automate everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="99" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T15:08:41.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2011-05-04T15:09:32.767" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just finished &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321636414&quot;&gt;Exploratory Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; by James Whittaker, and it has given me some fantastic ideas that I've already put into use in my daily testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T15:09:32.767" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T17:25:44.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-05-04T15:12:31.170" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;My first idea might be to break the system up into smaller components (not literally just from a planning perspective). From here you can prioritise them based on which are more important and work with those more important sections first. With such a big project this modular approach would help prevent a sense of your team getting no-where and perhaps keep people motivated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively if this system has a specification written you can write and perform your tests against those to ensure the more critical components of the system have been tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T15:12:31.170" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-05-04T15:17:46.890" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes! Me too! Unstructured you say? You have my deepest sympathies; even so, it sounds like you have more weight to enforce rules and compliance than yours truly in my small but passionate team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Broadly speaking, this is what I did:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Picked a module and began writing test cases for it - shooting for the&#xA;moon, but still accepting what I&#xA;managed to document (there were zero&#xA;test cases when I started so anything&#xA;is better than nothing)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Began my own personal bug list to track and monitor myself, my bugs and&#xA;customers' bugs (there was/is not a&#xA;professional defect tracking system&#xA;where I work; only a barebones&#xA;homegrown one that does not produce&#xA;reports =&gt; so, no decent defect&#xA;tracking system=no one had a bug&#xA;list....that is, until I created one&#xA;for my own use in Excel)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Documenting my own bugs using clarity and as few steps &amp;amp;&#xA;screenshots as possible since this&#xA;team was not used to documentation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Documenting customer bug fixes and clarifying discrepancies with support&#xA;personnel when the bugs they created&#xA;were far from understandable&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Documenting features/enhancements as described above&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sharing knowledge acquired with others so they could benefit (as they&#xA;could handle it...not everyone wanted&#xA;to be educated)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't stress enough: go to management and get clear directives as to what you should focus/spend time on, and do not deviate from that, no matter how badly you want to. You must earn their respect before trailblazing in this environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T15:17:46.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-05-04T15:35:19.737" Score="71" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Where can we start?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a bug tracking system, get some sort of report of bugs for the past few years, broken down by module (if that's possible). Then make a histogram/&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_chart&quot;&gt;pareto&lt;/a&gt; chart to see which are the buggiest areas (each bug counts as +1, each re-opened bug counts as +1, each &lt;em&gt;&quot;that didn't fix it you developer you&quot;&lt;/em&gt; counts as +3). Those areas are where you should put your biggest effort into adding tests. Files &quot;untouched for 7 years&quot; won't appear in such a report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick check of the web shows that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oehive.org/project/OEUnit&quot;&gt;OEUnit&lt;/a&gt; is a unit testing framework for OpenEdge. That's a good start as it shows you don't have to invent such a beast. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bugs that aren't fixed the first time can either mean sloppy coder, poor specs or issues more complicated than they first appear; that's why they should count a lot higher when trying to triage what area to start focusing on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T15:35:19.737" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-05-04T15:48:22.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Jenkins (formerly Hudson). You can set it to run your tests on a schedule, and email the results. The actual tests are python/selenium with nosetests --with-xunit driving. I use environment variables to select platform and browser, this is all configured in the Jenkins job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="59" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T15:48:22.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:02:35.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see it this way, being able to know multiple facets of testing is +1. This not only earns reputation to you in team but also gives you &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; insight as to high developers think and develop. And at times end up in injecting a defects. It is absolutely reasonable to expect testers to code tests especially when they have some programming experience. Remember test automation could save you lots of time which you could otherwise use .... may be in exploratory testing to find new defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T16:02:35.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="53" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:05:59.630" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hey.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Other possibility is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testexplorer.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Explorer&lt;/a&gt;. It has very nice features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;record test as 'steps' which reflect what tester did&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capture screenshot for every step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;record movie&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add notes to test during recording&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;save test as baseline&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;record local files usage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;record registry changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;record system resources used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;replay test (which is actually displaying steps from baseline one by one as reference what to do and what should happen), during a replay tester interacts with application and TE records everything&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;log issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;generete test report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;generate issues report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This software has some bugs, but try demo as it may suit your needs. Tool is not that expensive, but it is not free. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Solution from MS VS 2010 is nice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T16:05:59.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="158" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="161" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:17:29.977" Score="6" ViewCount="1838" Body="&lt;p&gt;When do you decide to stop testing, for me it boils down to -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allocated time is exhausted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No high severity/priority defects are found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other pointers which you consider while deciding to stop testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="88" LastEditDate="2012-02-19T18:43:07.463" LastActivityDate="2012-02-19T18:43:07.463" Title="When do you stop testing?" Tags="&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2011-05-05T02:10:14.953" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="158" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:29:18.387" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer... Never. :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long answer... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are out of money, or the program is no longer developed. But then you still have to provide support. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that's all there is to it really.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no other point to regard. You always have to test as long as the project is developed in some way. And then STILL. You could find legacy bugs, old bugs, which haven't been found yet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So really... You never stop with testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T16:29:18.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="160" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="166" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:33:16.930" Score="16" ViewCount="30664" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Selenium 2 in C# to automate testing of our web sites. When building non-Ajax functionality, using webDriver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;element-id&quot;)) to find elements on a page works fine, but when doing jQuery Ajax calls this doesn't work because it tries to find the element before the ajax request has finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I tell Selenium to wait until the jQuery Ajax has completed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="171" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T19:10:59.757" Title="How do you wait for jQuery Ajax calls to complete in Selenium 2" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="158" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:39:20.590" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The notion of &quot;when do &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt;&quot; stop testing is a misnomer. The goal of QA should be to assess the risks and to report them to the team and product owner. It is up to the team to decompose the risks and assign a severity to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore the decision to stop testing is a team/product owner decision. Stopping occurs when the level of risk is at an acceptable level. Defining an acceptable level is where the true difficulty lies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="177" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T16:39:20.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="160" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:45:51.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fairly ceertain that there is a Wait class that you can access. From the docs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;public abstract class Wait extends&#xA;  java.lang.Object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A utility class, designed to help the&#xA;  user automatically wait until a&#xA;  condition turns true. Use it like&#xA;  this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;new Wait(&quot;Couldn't find close&#xA;  button!&quot;) {&#xA;      boolean until() {&#xA;          return selenium.isElementPresent(&quot;button_Close&quot;);&#xA;      } };&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T16:45:51.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="158" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:49:46.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I definitely agree with #1. You may be breaking company policy by continuing to work on a project that has been cut off for funding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't necessarily agree with #2. How do you know no defects are found if you stop? Now, if you're saying &quot;Go until you're out of time, and until there's no major known defects&quot; I guess it makes sense, but if you are out of time, you're out of time - period. You'll have to get more time allocated to test the new changes. This may differ depending on your corporate setup, of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T16:49:46.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="158" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:50:19.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should decide, as part of your product planning, what your criteria are for shipping.  That includes your test bar.  For some products you may say &quot;I'll test all I can before the ship date&quot;.  For others, like the products I work on, there are quite a few explicit quality metrics they have to meet, particularly in the area of security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that inevitably, no matter what criteria you set at the beginning, the final decision about whether the product is 'good enough' tends to be complex, relying as much on tradeoffs and expertise as it does on your original intentions when you started design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastEditorUserId="147" LastEditDate="2011-05-04T16:55:24.173" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T16:55:24.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-05-04T16:58:34.843" Score="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;I seem to recall there is a book that specifically addresses this exact scenario.  Just a sec while I search Amazon...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...here we go: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot;&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I admit I haven't read this myself, but I've heard good things about it, and it has 4.5 stars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T16:58:34.843" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="160" CreationDate="2011-05-04T17:12:13.553" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;The class you are looking for is the &lt;strong&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/strong&gt; class that you can find here (&lt;strong&gt;C#&lt;/strong&gt;):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/trunk/dotnet/src/WebDriver.Support/UI/WebDriverWait.cs&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/trunk/dotnet/src/WebDriver.Support/UI/WebDriverWait.cs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I created an extension method to make it easier to use that looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static class BrowserExtensions&#xA;{&#xA;    public static T WaitUntil&amp;lt;T&amp;gt;(this IWebDriver browser, Func&amp;lt;IWebDriver, T&amp;gt; condition, int timeout = 5)&#xA;    {&#xA;        var wait = new WebDriverWait(browser, new TimeSpan(0, 0, timeout));&#xA;        return wait.Until(condition);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then use it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = webDriver.WaitUntil(x =&amp;gt; x.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;element-id&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this does not guarantee that the element is visible when you get it back!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I should probably mention that I have experienced problems using the WebDriverWait class and I think it could use some work to make it more stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="92" LastEditorUserId="92" LastEditDate="2011-05-04T17:43:47.987" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T17:43:47.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="122" CreationDate="2011-05-04T17:24:07.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In reply to your first question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using Selenium/Webdriver you can use the WebDriverWait class (see this: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/160/how-do-you-wait-for-jquery-ajax-calls-to-complete-in-selenium-2/166#166&quot;&gt;link to so answer&lt;/a&gt;) or you could use &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElements(..)&lt;/code&gt; as it does not throw if no elements are found. You can then use some linq magic to get the first match. So it would look something like this: &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElements(..).FirstOrDefault()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="92" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T07:11:39.193" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:11:39.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="160" CreationDate="2011-05-04T17:37:52.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I actually wrote my own wait_for_element method on the page objects for my selenium tests.  You will need:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Success check function &lt;pre&gt;return element.isVisible()&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A function to define what you are getting&lt;pre&gt;webDriver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;element-id&quot;))&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Length of time prepared to wait and how often to check&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was all written before the Wait class was added to selenium 2/webdriver.  I have not yet had a chance to use the Wait class, does anyone know if it is any good?  I noticed one answer said selenium2 might need to work on it a bit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T17:37:52.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="169" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="170" CreationDate="2011-05-04T17:38:52.187" Score="7" ViewCount="443" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a third party check box control in my AUT that QTP does not recognize. Is there a way to have QTP treat it as a regular .NET check box?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T19:43:58.937" Title="How can I teach QTP to treat a control as another similar control?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="169" CreationDate="2011-05-04T17:47:57.430" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the HP &gt; QTP &gt; Dat directory there are XML configuration files for each of the plugins loaded into QTP.  The .NET file is called SwfConfig.xml.  In this file, you can tell QTP how to interact with the control types it sees. In this case, you can define the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Control Type=&quot;ControlTypeName&quot; MappedTo=&quot;SwfCheckBox&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/Control&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this will not work in all cases, but with lightweight similar controls, it is worth a try before writing your own implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="181" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T17:47:57.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-05-04T17:50:40.830" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;My first thought, reading your description was to go after where the largest chunck of sales run through the system.  Keeping 80% of the dollars flowing correctly is more important than a workflow that maybe accounts for 3% of them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you said the testers also write the specs I'm assuming they have a good idea what business flow/transactions represent that, so start there.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security also popped into my mind.  Since you say &quot;sales&quot; I'm thinking maybe credit cards or bank information is being handled?  If so then making sure that is safe would be another area to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also like Tangurena's answer.  If you have history or open bugs see if you can find one area(s) that appear more problematic and focus in there first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember...  you can't test everything with the time/resources allocated so focus on areas where you get the best return for the investment of your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T17:50:40.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="129" CreationDate="2011-05-04T17:55:54.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As some of the commenters have already mentioned that it depends on the industry, company and individual teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the person is hired as a tester, they may not have any programming background and their job might not require any coding skills.  I worked in an online gaming company where this was the case.  It was same when I worked for the IT department of a bank.  If it is in the technology industry, the emphasis on automation is much greater and the knowledge of programming is becoming a necessary skill.  However, again a tester hired to perform front-end testing might get away without programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the person is hired as a QA Engineer, then programming skills and the ability to automate becomes a must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T17:55:54.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="104" CreationDate="2011-05-04T18:25:54.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use a &lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt; build on &lt;a href=&quot;http://hudson.java.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hudson CI&lt;/a&gt; there's a good Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;http://mojo.codehaus.org/selenium-maven-plugin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Maven Plugin&lt;/a&gt; that will do most of the work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T18:25:54.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="53" CreationDate="2011-05-04T18:47:11.723" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I currently (well, over one year already) &quot;misuse&quot; as a kind of session reporter is the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbsoftware.co.uk/BBTestAssistant.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BB Testassistant Expert&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard about it in the RST class of Michael Bolton and got me the budget to buy it. Its under 200 EURO, plus one update of 60 EURO last winter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just start it in the beginning and let it run. On my test machine it is not intrusive and don't cause any delays or stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever I find something, I bring up a popup where i enter or copy&amp;amp;paste my findings.&#xA;Also neat for later follow ups, which are not on charter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has some bug tracking integration, currently for TRAC and JIRA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can extract Windows event log and one can write a parser to integrate custom application logs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also good.. I can capture transition bugs, which are hard to explain with one screenshot or textual description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the recording, one can also gather system information and the logs.&#xA;All will be saved in a native FBR format file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can open the note section and click my entered text. It will jump to that timeframe and I can review it. It also captures, what keystrokes I used and what mouse buttons I clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can decide to set markers for easier jumping within the movie and also use zoom and edit text bubbles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The FRB files can be exported to different formats: avi, swf and self-executables.&#xA;Very neat. I can sent a small exe to my collegues and he can instantly replay and use the jump menu to go to the important facts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a side note: You can also easyly create online tutorials... was wondering if the guys from TestExplorer used something like that for their tutorials. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An investment well spent for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="156" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T18:47:11.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="228" CreationDate="2011-05-04T19:27:09.473" Score="7" ViewCount="569" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say you are a developer (specifically, the team lead) and you want to improve the quality of your company's products.  Since you cannot change the whole company, you focus on what you and your fellow developers can do to enhance the quality of the applications you create/maintain. You decide that this can best be done by embracing TDD for class verification and BDD for integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we are talking about .NET development here, let's be specific and use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MSTEST as a unit testing framework for the TDD&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As a development house you already use TFS 2010 so the MSTEST solution is a given with its integration of code coverage and test pass validation at check-in.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpecFlow&lt;/a&gt; for the BDD&lt;br&gt;&#xA;SpecFlow is more subjective, but I propose it as a BDD tool as it integrates well with VS 2010 and source control, and the gherkin/cucumber syntax is, I think, easier than that of &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fitnesse&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moving from &quot;coding with ad hoc testing, followed by a release to QA&quot; to a &quot;TDD/BDD&quot; approach will save time and money over the life of an application—&lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt;, it will extend the time a program spends &lt;em&gt;in development&lt;/em&gt; over the ad hoc approach (although arguably the QA time should reduce as QA should then mostly find system test faults rather than those &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; integration and class bugs devs now find and fix sooner).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume some minor TDD/BDD projects have already been completed so your company is not overly nervous about the technology, but have yet to &quot;go for it&quot; with a full size project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in this business, development is a different cost centre from QA, and both are different from support and operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So, how do you sell the benefit to the company of adopting TDD/BDD to development managers who are held to account for the increased cost (i.e., time) of the development department?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, to me, is all the harder given the benefits of failing early, etc. seem largely unquantifiable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you go about winning hearts and minds on the topic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="180" LastEditorUserId="180" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T16:55:27.033" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T16:55:27.033" Title="Suggestions for &quot;Selling&quot; TDD, and BDD to sceptical non engineering managers" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="106" CreationDate="2011-05-04T20:42:16.780" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems like I'm the only person answering who's actually done the ISEB, so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Don't waste money on a course&lt;/em&gt; - for the cost of attending a training course, you could sit the exam in one of the Prometric test centres 5 times over. The book and syllabus is more than enough, IMHO. I attended a course, but it really wasn't necessary to pass the exam. (Annoyingly, I'd already agreed with my manager that I didn't need it and we'd spend the money on something more useful, when we discovered that HR had booked it anyway).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's actually a disadvantage to know too much about testing when you do the exam - the advice I got going for the exam was to forget everything I knew about testing, and just memorise the &quot;ISEB&quot; answer - on no account should I try to work it out from my existing experience or knowledge. I know really good talented testers who've failed the ISEB. You really do have to just learn stuff by rote.  Get some past papers and practice with those to get the hang of how ISEB word their questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're working in an Agile environment, the advice about forgetting what you know and do at work goes double - ISEB contains very little about Agile, and what it does have often won't make sense. If you want to learn about Agile testing, you won't get it from the ISEB syllabus. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T20:42:16.780" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="178" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-04T21:12:43.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Exploratory testing is a style of software testing that emphasizes the personal freedom and responsibility of the individual tester to continually optimize the value of her work by treating test-related learning, test design, test execution, and test result interpretation as mutually supportive activities that run in parallel throughout the project.&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Cem Kaner, 2006.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:09:51.760" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:09:51.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="179" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-04T21:12:43.770" Score="0" Body="&quot;Exploratory testing is a style of software testing that emphasizes the personal freedom and responsibility of the individual tester to continually optimize the value of her work by treating test-related learning, test design, test execution, and test result interpretation as mutually supportive activities that run in parallel throughout the project.&quot;  &#xD;&#xA;Cem Kaner, 2006." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:09:55.207" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:09:55.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="180" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="202" CreationDate="2011-05-04T22:56:25.813" Score="13" ViewCount="1032" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my firm, we don't have testers, exactly. We have analysts who translate business requirements into specifications. (Think the guy from Office Space, except these guys actually provide some value. Kind of.) Because they have an agenda (keeping the people who gave them the requirements happy) they are often lacking in the thoroughness of the testing they do. Sometimes it's because they simply hadn't considered one portion, but sometimes it's where they actively ignore an area because they know if they test it, it will break, or if they test it they wouldn't know right or wrong either way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The kicker is, a month from now, I might get a spec that fixes &quot;a bug introduced with project 12345.&quot; Well, gosh, I sure did a lot of testing on that, obviously I missed some of it. Now, the development team is the one who takes the flak because they're the one who introduced the bug. I for one am willing to admit I don't write perfect code, and so are people on my team. But how do you deal with a (biased) testing group that 1) doesn't communicate with other testers, and 2) refuses to accept the fact they also missed it in their testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that this is a highly un-idealistic environment. There are some of us who have had it quite good in the past, and would like to bring our department up to speed on best practices. It's a slow process, and sometimes we're not sure even where to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="220" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T21:56:16.777" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T21:56:16.777" Title="How to deal with testers who do more than test" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="93" CreationDate="2011-05-04T23:12:12.597" Score="6" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validate&lt;/strong&gt; the CSS.  (http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Compare the rendering results from &lt;strong&gt;real browsers&lt;/strong&gt; against the expected results.  (There is some room for waffling here, since a degraded user experience might be expected in some browsers.) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify all expected &lt;strong&gt;behavior&lt;/strong&gt; in real web browsers.  Behavior comes from CSS pseudo-classes in addition to JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastActivityDate="2011-05-04T23:12:12.597" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-04T23:12:12.597" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="182" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-04T23:27:18.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test-driven development&lt;/a&gt; (TDD) is a software development process that relies on the repetition of a very short development cycle: first the developer writes a failing automated test case that defines a desired improvement or new function, then produces code to pass that test and finally refactors the new code to acceptable standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TDD tends to lead to low-coupled, highly-cohesive designs, with no more functionality than necessary to satisfy requirements.  It is one of the practices of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_Programming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Extreme Programming&lt;/a&gt;.  It is often said that TDD is not about testing, but rather about design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hello World: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_hello_world&#xA;  assert.are_equal &quot;hello world&quot;, hello_world&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T15:13:41.160" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T15:13:41.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="183" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-04T23:27:18.850" Score="0" Body="TDD stands for Test-Driven Development, or Test-Driven Design. It is the practice of writing a unit test before writing code to satisfy it, in what is known as the Red-Green-Refactor cycle. " OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T15:13:44.653" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T15:13:44.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="180" CreationDate="2011-05-05T01:24:22.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could ask them if they feel that they can  be held accountable for the code that they've tested/signed off on (if that's a requirement in your organization).  Although you as the developer can test your code fairly well, you'd also be biased regarding it, and rightfully so.  In the end, anyone involved with the process should be willing to take at least some accountability for the product. Not sure about how much testing is actually done, but, you could ask if you could sit down with them and show them some efficient ways to test functionality (I personally love it when the developers ask if they can help make my life easier).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the communication between testers, or anyone on the team, could always try to strike up a conversation regarding the working atmosphere and eventually ask about communication and what you think that you've noticed.  This has worked for me in the past when looking at teams where it appears that there is almost none.  Sometimes it's due to animosity between team members, sometimes, I've been completely wrong, and they actually had great communication, but, due to the corporate atmosphere, didn't display it overtly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T01:24:22.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="192" CreationDate="2011-05-05T02:13:43.260" Score="16" ViewCount="2883" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been having to deal with a lot of testing tools lately for testing tasks that should/must be automated.  These include things like performance/load testing, webservice testing, vulnerability scanning, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After experimenting with both the open source and paid types of tools out there, as well as they may work, do not seem to lend themselves to modification to make the work of the individual tester/team easier/make more sense for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience in building any of these tools yourselves in house?  If so, was the pay off worth it?  Many of us are willing to work in our off-work hours in exchange for making our work easier/less of a hassle.  I can see this being of use in some specific circumstances, such as load testing and web service testing as it would be easier to tie into internal resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T12:39:10.673" Title="In house built testing tools" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-05T03:26:50.997" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to pipe in with one smaller piece here for shops where there is not a mature test automation framework, or the test automation takes too long to realistically run every night, or requires manual setup.&#xA;  I'm not sure about other shops, but my test automation for enhancements and bug fixes is normally done before the application code is ready with the exception of having to add values to a few variables.&#xA;  Even having the developer run only the tests for the functionality that is being modified intentionally is already a boon, and I don't know many developers who wouldn't be willing to run this before they ever ask to promote to a test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T03:26:50.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-05T03:46:28.880" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work, almost all of our tools are built in-house. Some have been extremely helpful, while others have been a big time sink. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, IME, if you take the time to prioritize what you're going to build based on the biggest problems you want to solve first, then develop the tools with the same care you put into developing customer-facing apps - and develop iteratively so you know if you're heading in the right direction, AND communicate with product planning to make sure whatever you build won't be obsolete in the next version, you have a pretty good chance of getting positive ROI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise (again, in my experience), you probably won't do as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T03:46:28.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-05T04:04:42.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before you build anything, I would take a look around the Open Source world again. It doesn't matter if it's Java, Python, Ruby or C# there are tools. For example you mention security scanning ... have you thought about running &lt;a href=&quot;http://cirt.net/nikto2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nikto&lt;/a&gt;. For performance testing there's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joedog.org/index/siege-home&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Siege&lt;/a&gt; or even &lt;a href=&quot;http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/ab.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache Bench&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to modification, I think OSS is the way to go depending on the licensing since the source is available for use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T04:04:42.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-05T04:23:07.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have had success in adding utility methods to existing opes source tools which could be used across org. We heavily use Selenium for front end automated testing. utility methods which have been built deal with - externalization of test data, page objects, updates in test management tool etc. These util methods have off shoulder burden from testers who otherwise would be have to write their own libraries for development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T04:23:07.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-05T04:40:04.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I worked most recently I built fairly specific tools or automation frameworks for the applications I was responsible for testing.  I simply found it easier to do that based on the applications I was testing.  In this case my environment was data driven C# winforms and windows services applications.  It was faster and easier for me to build an app/task specific tool for what I was doing.  If I had been doing more web work I may have looked more heavily into Open source tools like Watin or Selenium and adapted them to what my needs are.  It really depends a great deal on what you are trying to accomplish.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I like about my own home grown tools is I am aware of exactly what they are for and what the strengths and limitations are.  Over time you can amass a nice library of code that you can utilize across different projects to help you produce tools more quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T23:04:29.323" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T23:04:29.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="119" CreationDate="2011-05-05T05:07:03.817" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing to consider is that in many cases your regression suites are working off of a &lt;strong&gt;static&lt;/strong&gt; set of regression data or criteria.  One way that regression suites can be of higher value is trying to develop heuristic oracles vs. static ones. In a talk I went to at &lt;a href=&quot;http://seaspin.org/forums/t/287.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Seaspin on 3/1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.harryrobinson.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Harry Robinson&lt;/a&gt; talked about moving from the static test automation to a more dynamic variety.  In one slide he gave an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heuristic Test Oracles &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify some results for the SUT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check other results using &lt;br&gt;&#xA;– simple algorithms&lt;br&gt;&#xA;– consistency checks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Static oracle: sqrt(17) = 4.1231056&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heuristic oracle: sqrt(N) * sqrt(N) = N&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From his presentations slides which are available on the seaspin site above.  The idea behide this being if you can test a much broder series of values in this sort of manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T05:07:03.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-05T05:09:00.667" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. Over the last few years I have built, re-built and evolved testing tools for a number of things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Windows autumation library on top of UIAutomation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A full C# based testing stack built on top of Watin and the UIAutomation library&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Control generators&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case management systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect tracking systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Various intergraion tools to work with TFS, JIRA or Quality Center as required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of this has been opensourced (&lt;a href=&quot;http://testing-stax.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testingstax.codeplex.com&lt;/a&gt;. What we found is that whilst the overall technical experience we required was higher, as we now can control our own destiny we can really solve our problems, as opposed to try and adapt someone else's solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also found that supporting ourselves, actually was better as after having a vendor ship a developer onsite to solve problems with their automation tool, they still couldn't solve the problems with their propriatry, closed source solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the open source / in house combo, you actually have access to a much wider pool of talent, and if you have techical challenges or need, a great motivator to solve them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What &lt;strong&gt;NEVER&lt;/strong&gt; worked for us though was trying to build a great tool to do X if there wasn't a pressing need to actually use it &quot;in anger&quot;. Building something that would be cool, or a nice to have, never got finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other key point that I like to say is that when it comes to this type of thing it is not about the tools, but about the &lt;strong&gt;people&lt;/strong&gt;. If you don't have the people with skills to develop and maintain the tools, then don't even attempt to build them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-09-21T04:00:36.457" LastActivityDate="2012-09-21T04:00:36.457" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="193" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="201" CreationDate="2011-05-05T07:41:51.903" Score="7" ViewCount="1353" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating web UI tests using Selenium. These tests are written partly in the spirit of Unit tests, that is they try their best to leave the application in the same state in which they found it. For instance, if a test registers a support ticket using the web UI, it is expected to remove it and the end of the test using the web UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compared to unit tests, these kinds of tests do much more, not in terms of actual code executed or processes triggered, but in terms of tested actions. One such hypothetical test would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Actor 1) register support ticket;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Actor 1) comment with initial data;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Actor 2) reply with request for more information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Actor 1) upload more information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Actor 2) comment that issue is fixed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Actor 1) close issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these actions are verified during a test, and should one fail, the application data is inconsistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a better way of making end-to-end tests self-contained and idempotent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T07:12:34.000" LastActivityDate="2019-01-21T23:42:44.507" Title="Should end-to-end tests be self-contained?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-05T07:49:13.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following is based on my experience testing and developing in-house tests for &lt;strong&gt;Embedded&lt;/strong&gt; systems, the answer for &quot;pure&quot; software systems might be different:&#xA;You have to distinguish the framework for executing tests from the &quot;drivers&quot; and the tests themselves, the later allways being in-house.&#xA;The framework to execute tests and collect results can be as simple as x-unit (Java or CPP) other unit test framework (Perl has more than one) or an in-house tool. Many times the benefits from developing one in-house are not major.&#xA;OTOH The &quot;drivers&quot; layer (the common, usually low level, part for all tests) will greatly benefit from being in-house. For example, I evaluated a test suite based on JUnit that included such drivers for common test and measurement equipment- the drivers were very generic, and as such were inefficient and difficult to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T07:49:13.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="193" CreationDate="2011-05-05T08:06:00.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cleaning after you is a the best way to write automated tests, although it does not guarantee the tests are 100% idempotent, for example the cache might be changed, register values changed etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T08:06:00.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="59" CreationDate="2011-05-05T11:19:44.060" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Several of these points are directly related to QA/testing job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you make a build in one step?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;A long build process with numerous steps, scripts and procedures reduces the time for actual testing. Also such process can add its own bugs, which are pain in the butt to investigate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have a bug database?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;That's obvious. No bug database means no bug tracking, hence half-assed bug fixing; and no bug analytics, hence monkey patching of module instead of deeper refactoring and bug-preventing coding.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have a spec?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;That's obvious too. No spec &amp;mdash; no test requirements, no test priorities, no product knowledge, no bigger picture of a product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have testers?&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;One thing to work as a tester in a team with testers (i.e. some established QA procedures), and another is to work in a team with no testers at all.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T11:19:44.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-05T12:22:14.947" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done quite a few in-house tools built in different languages and platforms, and while I agree with everything that has been said before but one point I think is missing is determining not only that you need the tool but to support it.  Either you need to be able to schedule maintenance on the tool, or have a toolsmith to work on it, without that you get a tool that meets need X but it never progresses and it doesn't get updated.  Also, it needs documentation since that tool may not only be in place and be used now, but in a few years someone new may need to work on it and you want to be sure that the future person has an idea of what the tool was designed for or made to do.  Commenting the code is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also don't forget to test the tool, I've found a few instances where the tool worked great for X but caused issues with Y and failed utterly with Z, oftentimes when developing in-house tools the testing is not as complete as it could be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T12:22:14.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="209" CreationDate="2011-05-05T13:22:41.940" Score="15" ViewCount="11617" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traditionally, structured test, especially long scenarios are commonly written in the step, expected, actual format.&#xA;Behaviour Driven Design replaces this with the style of &quot;Given&quot;, &quot;When&quot; &quot;Then&quot;,  for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given a working ATM&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And invalid credit card&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the card is inserted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And a cash withdrawl is requested&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then no cash should be provided&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the card should be retained&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to start use BDD on complex scenarios on a project, and the question that I have is: Does this new style of test case work for larger, real world, end-to-end scenarios or is it more appropriate for simpler &quot;atomic&quot; or unit test style test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T23:38:12.520" LastActivityDate="2012-06-08T11:08:46.533" Title="Does writing &quot;Given&quot; &quot;When&quot; &quot;Then&quot; BDD style test cases scale up to larger, end-to-end scenarios" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="198" CreationDate="2011-05-05T13:45:06.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I think you used the word &quot;anger&quot; when you meant &quot;earnest&quot; - but this is purely a guess on my part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If  my guess is correct (a &quot;big&quot; IF), then to answer your question, I would say &quot;yes&quot; - in other words, I would use &quot;given&quot; &quot;when&quot; &quot;then&quot; for more complex scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T13:45:06.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="193" CreationDate="2011-05-05T13:55:40.510" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I think that there are a few key principles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tests should, where possible, assume that they have run previously and failed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some tests will want to validate a feature, whilst others will need to just &quot;drive through&quot; a feature on the way to test something else.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I can scale out and use many machines, so that I can run a lot of tests in parallel, and I am not time limited on a run.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With those in mind, I would, where possible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have each test generate unique data for itself that does not rely on a previous test passing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have the logic for execution separate from validation code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so for your example I would create and execute six separate &quot;objects&quot; for each of your actions:Registering a support ticket, adding a comment, replying to a request for more information, uploading additional information and close a ticket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I would string them together in six test cases as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Register support ticket and validate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Register a support ticket, then add a comment and validate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Register a support ticket, then add a comment, reply with request for more information and validate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Register a support ticket, then add a comment, reply with request for more information, upload more information and validate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Register a support ticket, then add a comment, reply with request for more information, upload more information comment that issue is fixed validate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Register a support ticket, then add a comment, reply with request for more information, upload more information comment that issue is fixed, close and validate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I test registration 6 times, I would build up a test data object, and use different test data each time so I can test a different scenario each time the registration occurs as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the main &quot;cost&quot; is execution time as I execute 6 long tests as opposed to one (but using open source tools means I can scale out easily) The use of objects means that I don't have lots of duplicated code everywhere. This also means that if the register a ticket part of the application is changed, I only change one object in one place and all the tests keep running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is this approach in code for a single &quot;object&quot; using &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grr.org/ParkCalc.php&quot;&gt;Parkcalc&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void EconomyLessThanOneHour()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType.EconomyParking, &quot;10:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;10:59&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void EconomyExactlyOneHour()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType.EconomyParking, &quot;10:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;11:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void EconomyMoreThanOneHour()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType.EconomyParking, &quot;10:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;11:01&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void EconomyJustLessThanOneDay()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType.EconomyParking, &quot;10:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;9:59&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today+1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void EconomyExactlyOneDay()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType.EconomyParking, &quot;10:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;10:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today+1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void EconomyJustMoreThanOneDay()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType.EconomyParking, &quot;10:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;10:01&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today+1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void EconomyJustLessThanOneWeek()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType.EconomyParking, &quot;10:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;9:59&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today+7&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the implementation of CalculateAndVerify ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; namespace Parkcalc.Logical&#xA; {&#xA;    public class Parking&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static void OpenHome()&#xA;        {&#xA;             Physical.NavigateTo.Homepage();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;         public static void Calculate(ParkingType parkingType, string inTime, string inAMPM, string inDate, string outTime, string outAMPM, string outDate)&#xA;         {&#xA;            inDate = Utility.CalculateDate(inDate);&#xA;            outDate = Utility.CalculateDate(outDate);&#xA;            Physical.Parking.Calculate(parkingType, inTime, inAMPM, inDate, outTime, outAMPM, outDate);&#xA;         }&#xA;&#xA;         public static void CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType parkingType, string inTime, string inAMPM, string inDate, string outTime, string outAMPM, string outDate)&#xA;         {&#xA;             Calculate(parkingType, inTime, inAMPM, inDate, outTime, outAMPM, outDate);&#xA;             Verification.Verify.VerifyResult(parkingType, inTime, inAMPM, inDate, outTime, outAMPM, outDate);&#xA;         }&#xA;     }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the next layer down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace Parkcalc.Physical&#xA;{&#xA;    public static class Parking&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        public static void Calculate(ParkingType parkingType, string inTime, string inAMPM, string inDate, string outTime, string outAMPM, string outDate)&#xA;        {&#xA;            NavigateTo.Homepage();&#xA;            Browser.SetValue(Controls.ParkingCalculator.ddlLot,EnumValues.GetParkingType(parkingType));&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(inTime))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Browser.SetValue(Controls.ParkingCalculator.txtEntryTime, inTime);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(inAMPM))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Browser.SetValue(Controls.ParkingCalculator.rdoEntryTimeAMPM, inAMPM);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(inDate))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Browser.SetValue(Controls.ParkingCalculator.txtEntryDate, inDate);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(outTime))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Browser.SetValue(Controls.ParkingCalculator.txtExitTime, outTime);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(outAMPM))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Browser.SetValue(Controls.ParkingCalculator.rdoExitTimeAMPM, outAMPM);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(outDate))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Browser.SetValue(Controls.ParkingCalculator.txtExitDate, outDate);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            Browser.Invoke(Controls.ParkingCalculator.btnCalculate);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public static string GetResult()&#xA;        {&#xA;           return Browser.GetValue(Controls.ParkingCalculator.txtResult);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a full working C# example using WatiN here ... &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingstax.codeplex.com/SourceControl/changeset/view/7938#&quot;&gt;http://testingstax.codeplex.com/SourceControl/changeset/view/7938#&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For test data I generally build a data generator and add unique random strings so that there is no data collisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T14:07:59.917" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T14:07:59.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="193" CreationDate="2011-05-05T13:57:21.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your best bet is to make tests that are idempotent.  We use a tool called &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/winhamwr/nosedjango.git&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nosedjango&lt;/a&gt; to run all of our tests that handles the database, cache, etcs.  This would only work if you are using django however.  I am sure there are equivalent tools for whatever it is you might be using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastEditorUserId="91" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T15:14:56.290" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T15:14:56.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="180" CreationDate="2011-05-05T13:59:45.793" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I dealt with the same issue several years ago, and frankly, as a portion of this issue is personal integrity, corporate accountability can only go so far. As a realist, I acknowledge that increased accountability did help, but only temporarily. As soon as the individual realized they can get away x amount of misunderstandings, errors and vague specs, they no longer kept a high level of work ethic integrity. The only thing I think the company did that truly helped was they swapped Business Analyst and QA team members, having the BA do QA, and the QA do BA. I love variety in my job so it didn't bother me to switch over temporarily. One BA in particular did vastly improve her specs and customer communication as a result of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T13:59:45.793" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="130" CreationDate="2011-05-05T14:10:24.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found OneNote to be an excellent tool for storing this kind of data.  It has a very hierarchical organization which also is friendly to reorganization.  Also, you can put a notebook on a network drive and have the whole team work on the same documents.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My team used to keep everything in word documents on Sharepoint.  By keeping everything in a single &quot;notebook&quot; we can now search within every document and don't have to worry about checking things in and out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T14:10:24.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="198" CreationDate="2011-05-05T14:30:03.240" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I don't have any experience using SpecFlow, I've recently starting using StoryQ for this type of testing.  Although I was very leary on it at first, I've found it to be very useful, including in complex scenario's.  Not only is the code more organized now, but also, I've found it easier to write more complex scenario's as it forces me to break it up more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T14:30:03.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="208" CreationDate="2011-05-05T14:50:11.553" Score="7" ViewCount="4130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm completely new to this stuff, and for what I've seen it takes a while to get used to it.&#xA;I once tried, but felt I was spending way too much time just writing the tests, or just fixing them 'cause a big requirement changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what are the advantages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="196" LastEditorUserId="178" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T15:17:21.937" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T13:49:44.033" Title="What are the advantages of automated user acceptance tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="193" CreationDate="2011-05-05T14:59:23.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always operated under the philosophy that the tests will give you the best information when they are run on a fresh install, complete with a fresh (empty/default populated) database. I have even seen discussions about spawning a new VM programmatically from a saved image to ensure the least possible interaction between two test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the classic bug of &quot;If I add a user and remove him, it works. If I add a user and remove him 1000 times, it fails.&quot; We've all had some kind of bug like that. When I run a test, more than once, I expect to get the EXACT same results. There may be some minor differences in speed execution due to the nature of running programs not always coming out exact, but the closer they are to exact, the better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means if it fails, and I get a debug output of the Object that failed, and it has &lt;code&gt;id = 14&lt;/code&gt; on one run, it had better have &lt;code&gt;id = 14&lt;/code&gt; on another run. Whatever logic decided to make it 14 once should make it 14 again unless the program changed. If it ends up being 28 the second time, how do I know the first run didn't influence the second run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We live in an edge where our products have to run perfect, every time. Often we're legally/contractually obligated to do so. And that means our tests have to give us as much information as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's not to say there might not be benefit in running the test AGAIN. Essentially, yes it should run exactly the same (obviously it may have different universal IDs, and other small differences) and if you have the spare CPU cycles, might be worth doing again. But I also kind of feel that anything that would be covered by a second test SHOULD be a test case normally anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tl;dr I perfer not just resetting the database, but installing a fresh application, on a fresh machine if possible. Scripts can automate this like a breeze.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T14:59:23.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="205" CreationDate="2011-05-05T15:00:06.997" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general you should use tests as a spec for your product.  Changing the tests should be done as little as possible, unless you are making a change to your spec.  And you should never change tests and code at the same time, otherwise you won't necessarily know if they are both correct.  It is not uncommon for 'big requirement changes' to change the spec.  I would write the tests before you ever start working on the code.  And use these tests as a way to define when you are done making new code for some new feature.  The idea is, once all the tests pass, you do not need to add any more functionality.  If you have a pretty good test suite then it is much easier to change functionality while remaining confident that nothing else broke (assuming all the tests pass at the end). So if you are just looking for advantages, they are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You always know when you change something else's functionality (on purpose or by acciedent)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You force yourself to create a spec beforehand and stick to it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Making big changes is not as much of a big deal if all the tests are passing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T15:00:06.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="205" CreationDate="2011-05-05T15:01:34.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anything that is automated should run the same way every time. When you're running it the same way every, single, time you are more likely to get results that compare to eachother.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're relying on non-automated tests to do these things, you greatly increase the chance you're not running the exact same test. It might be done with different steps or in a different order, which can effect the outcome of the rest of the tests. You also open yourself up to silly things like typos, mistakes, misclicks, coffee breaks, and confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for the most part, if you're doing it with a user, you're pretty much limited to using the UI. Your automated tests may be able to take advantage of your API in a more efficient manner (this is especially true for load testing. Loading up 50 UIs in could seriously drain your resources, which is an unnecessary drain when you're testing database performance.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T15:01:34.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="198" CreationDate="2011-05-05T15:10:02.223" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't see why it wouldn't scale. It's conceptually simple (which naturally makes it self open to scalability.) I would be weary though - the more complex a test is, the less effective it is. If you have tests you're worried about being too complex &quot;Given, When, Then&quot; (I almost abbreviated that to GWT but realized that would confuse people haha. Ahem...) then you may want to consider splitting that test into smaller components that will give you more feed back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, what makes it complex? Does it have input chaining which is the complexity? If it is, then you have a definite rationale for making multiple tests out of it. Another common introduction of complexity would be if you something like &quot;when the result of ___ is ___&quot; That really should be a given, not a when. Personally I would classify a move from when to given to be a complexity reduction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T15:10:02.223" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="210" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="282" CreationDate="2011-05-05T17:09:02.310" Score="5" ViewCount="429" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using a rich client developed with Flex. We would like to build automated tests to test whole features. I saw a module for Selenium, Flex Monkium, which could do the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did you try it out? Is it worth it? Do you know another solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastEditorUserId="42" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T21:58:19.973" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T18:29:07.077" Title="Functional tests for Flash" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="211" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="247" CreationDate="2011-05-05T17:13:04.897" Score="66" ViewCount="72016" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a difference between &lt;code&gt;&quot;testing&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&quot;quality assurance&quot;&lt;/code&gt;?  If so, what are the main goals of each process?  What are the critical differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="89" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T14:58:33.243" LastActivityDate="2019-03-11T05:16:40.123" Title="What is the difference between &quot;testing&quot; and &quot;quality assurance&quot;?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="24" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="76" CreationDate="2011-05-05T17:17:08.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even i do follow the dependent approach provided by TestNG for my Selenium tests as Tarun mentioned. &#xA;But I never came across any situations where one failure would hide another as Bruce pointed out .&#xA;I think that it might never happens because every cases that i make dependent on another one will always require the previous test case to successfully run so as to start the second one, else there would hardly be any chance for  dependence between test cases or test steps.&#xA;For example we have two tests, say test T1 which is a login test and T2 which is something to be done after logging in . Let T2 is dependent on T1.&#xA;Here while I configure my tests to run through TestNG config file , I will call both test T1 and T2 separately as two tests .&#xA;Ie I need 1. login test and &#xA;          2. something tat test after  logged in&#xA;So I find my dependent tests very tester friendly and fast enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: correct me if i am wrong &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T17:17:08.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-05-05T17:25:20.700" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say it's best described that testing is a subset of QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goal of &lt;strong&gt;testing&lt;/strong&gt; is to ensure the functional &lt;strong&gt;requirements&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;metrics&lt;/strong&gt; are met. This could be computational performance, clicks-per-action, user throughput, feature-completeness, defect rate, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality-Assurance&lt;/strong&gt; is a broader-reaching goal that simply asks &quot;Is the &lt;strong&gt;customer&lt;/strong&gt; going to be &lt;strong&gt;happy&lt;/strong&gt; with this?&quot; Obviously, you need to meet the metrics and requirements detailed in testing in order to achieve this. But there's a certain emotional aspect that testing can't cover. Is it pretty? Is it innovative? Does it get the job done? (It can meet every requirement and still not get the job done!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: This is simply my interpretation of these two concepts. It may differ from those in the SQA community, and may differ from the majority opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I bolded three words/phrases per as a tl;dr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T17:25:20.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="236" CreationDate="2011-05-05T18:03:21.590" Score="4" ViewCount="6922" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you use screen shot capture in selenium tests? If anyone is using, how effective do you find it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2020-02-27T10:39:50.637" LastActivityDate="2020-02-27T10:39:50.637" Title="Capturing screen shots in selenium tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-05-05T18:12:53.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing usually refers to checking that program complies to functional requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA is a broader subject,that aims to answer question &quot;is quality good enough for final release?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T18:12:53.860" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="214" CreationDate="2011-05-05T18:15:25.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a method on the selenium class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelenium.captureScreenshot(filenameToSaveImageTo);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you need the entire screen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelenium.captureEntirePageScreenshot(filenameToSaveImageTo,&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last empty string could be used for keyword parameters, like background, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: &lt;em&gt;I personally don't use it (or selenium.)&lt;/em&gt; That being said, I'm not sure there's much to be gained from it. If you can't get the results you need programatically, you miss something from automating it. If you have to manually review the images, it's not entirely automated. Imagine if you're set up to fail a build when the tests fail. How do you fail the build if you have to manually look at them before it's approved or not? I guess you could hire a couple interns for the most boring job ever... hey it's university credit, right? :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cloudtesting.com/blog/2009/06/24/capturing-screen-shots-of-browsers-with-selenium-and-cloud-testing-part-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source for code snippets&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I may have misread the first part of the question. I had thought you were asking &quot;How do I use selenium to take a screen capture.&quot; Upon further reading, I realize this may have been a false intrepration. Regardless, I'll leave it up there in case it proves useful to someone. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-05T18:21:55.107" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T18:21:55.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="214" CreationDate="2011-05-05T18:16:04.857" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've only used selenium a bit, but in general, I find screen shots most effective as a debugging tool - i.e. for capturing screen information when there's an error or anything else unexpected happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can, of course, attempt to compare current and expected screen shots, but that's a more difficult problem (IME).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T18:16:04.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="218" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="224" CreationDate="2011-05-05T18:37:31.827" Score="16" ViewCount="2279" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you estimate a testing project? What are the things to be take care of while estimating the time for a testing project ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T16:30:32.983" Title="Estimating a testing project" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-05T18:40:48.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the team I work in, we've seen a lot of value to developing in-house tools, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A website front end to our QTP automated so that QA team members don't really need to be QTP experts to run the automated tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A tool which can configure, and report on the configuration of a QA server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A tool to validate build deployments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, if the task is repetitive and slow, the payoff is definetly with. It's worth trying to convince management to allow some team members to allocate at least one day a week to the development of such tools, assuming of course, the team members have the necessery coding skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="184" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T18:40:48.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="221" CreationDate="2011-05-05T18:48:28.260" Score="25" ViewCount="1396" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my team, there are a number of experienced QA people. I work mostly on developing tools to make the QA process easier for these guys, such as developing test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The uptake has been slow, maybe due to the fact that these guys are stuck in their ways, and don't really understand how test automation can help, and make their jobs easier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried presentations/demo's etc. to get my point across, all to no avail. I've even spent time automating almost the entire QA process for a simple application, only for the QA lead to use outsourced QA testers to test it!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's buy-in from management, but no mandate to say that automation has to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone ever faced a similar situation? Don't get me wrong, these guys do a very good job, but I'm beginning to think that I'm wasting my time in this company (a large multi-national), and that my time would be best spent looking for another job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="184" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T10:22:12.777" LastActivityDate="2019-09-23T12:56:12.713" Title="How to deal with automation naysayers?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="220" CreationDate="2011-05-05T19:19:08.007" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;I definitely feel your pain. As noted in a question I had (I'll link in a minute) I too work for a 10-digit revenue company, and our primary software has 0 automated tests for over a million lines of production code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It boils down to the same philosophy that a lot of developers have about using external libraries rather than rolling their own: &lt;strong&gt;we fear what we did not create&lt;/strong&gt;. We simply don't trust tests we didn't write, libraries we didn't write, and tools we didn't create ourselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once had a boss (who was a bit of a self-pompous you-know-what, but was undoubtedly an intelligent man) who said &quot;Software is developed by heroes, and maintained by mere mortals. If you want to develop new software, it requires a heroic effort on the part of a developer.&quot; I don't necessarily take it to the extreme he did, where he thought you had to burn yourself out at 80 hours a week for a month to get new software done. But I do believe we need to do something heroic, bold, and noble to get things done in a corporate environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the best thing you can do is make some automated tests. Just keep making them. Encourage development to also make some simple automated tests for some new code they write, and new bugs they find. It will take a few months of patience, but eventually one of those tests is going to catch a bug. Then, when they see the effectiveness of this test harness, they will start to realize that it's not so evil after all. Soon another bug is caught. And another. And another. Then, at the quarterly/annual review, you can say &quot;we were able to stop X amount of bugs thanks to the automated testing, saving us an estimated T hours of testing/development time. Imagine how much we could save if we had more test coverage?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need patience. If you don't have automated tests, it's likely the application doesn't lend itself well to automation. This means you will have an uphill battle even getting the tests created. But it's worth the fight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About looking for another job: this should always be on the table. If you're not contractually bound, I don't see why a smart developer wouldn't have his resume updated every 2-3 months, just in case. One shift in management can turn a dream development shop into a dismal sweat shop. If you go over a year with zero traction gained, I would encourage looking for employment elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I neglected to mention something very important. If you're able to reduce the tension between the your group and whatever group is blocking you, things will run better on both sides. I'm not saying you have to devote your life to buttering them up, but for example at my work, some guys from application support and from development go and play frisbee on Wednesdays in the summer time. It's just an hour or two, but when you see them at work the next day, even if you have to give some difficult news, it makes it easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/220/how-to-deal-with-automation-naysayers/230#230&quot;&gt;testerab's answer&lt;/a&gt; to this question has some great things to say about building credibility and relationships between teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T22:49:10.410" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="218" CreationDate="2011-05-05T19:22:16.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing to look at is similar testing jobs that took place. For a similar change, how effective was the testing job given the time provided? History is the best place to look for estimates in all fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A testing project should have a test-plan before doing your time estimate. Each element in the test plan should have an estimated time for completion. The estimate for the project is simply the sum of the time for each element, plus some overhead for things not directly related to the test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;project management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;discussion, feedback to developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;preparing results &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;technical difficulties&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you're coming up with estimates without having a test plan, you're setting yourself up to get the estimate wrong.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T19:22:16.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-05-05T19:26:49.707" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, at least in my end of the professional puddle, testing refers to the activities of banging on the product until it breaks. This is the part of QA that most people find intuitive and easy to grasp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality assurance is the entire process of finding issues (testing), documenting them, verifying their fixes, and most importantly, improving the development and testing processes so that less bugs occur in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, QA would include making sure that merging the code from one version to another is done to certain standards, which straight testing wouldn't include. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, QA should be about improving the &lt;em&gt;process&lt;/em&gt;, not just the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T19:26:49.707" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="218" CreationDate="2011-05-05T19:32:23.900" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many times you don't have time to create the test plan, I have at times been in project planning meetings where a grand scope has been given and Engineering is then asked then and there - to give an estimate.  Basically then its a sort of guessing game, which is what estimates are, and if you are being asked to give one you can be sure it will be wrong.  That is what an estimate is.  Although this will all depend on what sort of process you are using, but if this was a full-up project starting at the beginning with Dev and Test working in parallel I think of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this new technology?  The Development Team will need to learn it, extending their time so you will need to learn it to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often will builds come?  Are there milestones?  Is there a new build process that will need to be implemented?  Considering the code coming in to test and how stable it will be, as well as bugfix builds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does this require new tools to test?  You'll need time to acquire/build as well as setup/train the tools...then take some trial runs to see if things work as expected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many resources will you be allowed to have?  Will they be shared?  This means context switching and loss of resources (emergencies, vacations, people leaving, new hires), you need to plan properly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the ones that I would think of in addition to what glowcoder mentioned, they will be a part of any project, and the more documentation you have to provide the longer things will take as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T16:30:32.983" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T16:30:32.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="220" CreationDate="2011-05-05T19:40:32.203" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems like there is a disconnect between management and the QA Team, although I can't tell what Management is buying in if the QA Lead is outsourcing when you have done work.  Communication could help, but having it come from the top down should be done diplomatically.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to find out from the QA Team what their issue is, do they fear automation will put them out of a job?  Something else?  Understanding their stance will be a better help to you than agonizing over the issue and wondering why they don't listen.  You have to convince them what you are doing is to help, sell that to them and they will join with you, rather than be against you.  Remember these are people on your team, or you need to work with, they are also customers if you are building for them.  Sit down with them at lunch, get to know them, then try to find out where they are coming from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only you know if its worth looking for another job, typically if my first reaction when walking in the door is negativity about my day then its time to leave.  If I can come in and still think I am doing something cool and fun, then I will stay and try to resolve the issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T19:40:32.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="226" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="288" CreationDate="2011-05-05T19:50:26.370" Score="1" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a TFS 2010 project (MSF Agile v5.0 template) project, the SSRS reports for burndown allow us to specify start and end dates for the current iteration, but the project portals excel charts parts for burndown do not seem to have that option anywhere I can find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GR5co.png&quot; alt=&quot;An example Excel burndown chart with incorrect itteration dates&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain how I can configure the portal's excel burndown chart to have the begin and end dates &lt;strong&gt;I want&lt;/strong&gt; rather than the defaults?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="180" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T05:43:16.300" Title="How can I change the dates used in TFS 2010 SharePoint portal's burndown excel chart?" Tags="&lt;tfs2010&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="175" CreationDate="2011-05-05T19:56:36.410" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the realities about corporate politics (I hate to say it, but it's a big part of our job) is that everyone wants to put out the image that they're open minded and willing to do what's best for the company, but in reality most people want to go with what is safest for their career and with what they know and are comfortable with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;lt; tangent &gt;&#xA;If you're familiar with the movie A Few Good Men, you know the famous &quot;You can't handle the truth!&quot; scene. The Colonel ends up getting caught by saying one thing, and having actions that contradict it. While I don't recommend you go yelling at each other like they do in that fictional courtroom, I do think a lesson can be gleaned from it. &amp;lt; /tangent &gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would ask the question &lt;strong&gt;What would it take for your confidence in TDD to warrant trying it on a large scale project?&lt;/strong&gt; If you can get them to give you some criteria to meet, then you have something to aim for. Go, meet those criteria (you may find you actually already do!) and then come back and say that you have fulfilled the trial criteria, and in your estimation your team is ready to test the waters on a bigger project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they can't give you a straight answer why to not go for it, they're simply xenophobes and honestly you can't expect their minds to ever be swayed. At that point, it's time to have lunch with a VP (with some case studies, including internal success) or time to fire up &lt;code&gt;Petes_resume.doc&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T19:56:36.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="220" CreationDate="2011-05-05T21:20:21.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There needs to be a tangible benefit to the automation for people to take advantage of it. People rarely resist making things easier for no reason. How easy are the tests to run? Are the results easy to interpret? These are issues that may seem small to you. To tester who has never encountered automation before, this learning curve may be steep. As a result it may seem easier to the QA lead to simply outsource. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prove that automation works. Run your tests in parallel to the manual testing effort. It is hard to argue against test automation when you can show it is finding some of the same bugs a manual test iteration is uncovering. Initially you might have to do this off your own back. eventually you will probably find that the testers start to rely on your scripts to catch the low hanging bugs, leaving them to focus on the more complex testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="56" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T21:20:21.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="220" CreationDate="2011-05-05T22:06:39.583" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reading between the lines of remarks like &quot;these guys are stuck in their ways&quot;, and &quot;I've tried presentations/demo's etc. to get my point accross, all to no avail&quot;, &quot;a lot of them don't understand how [it] works&quot; - you're coming across here as if you've mostly been focused on telling them how great automation will be, rather than starting out by demonstrating that you're really interested in listening to them, understanding their work, and hearing about their problems.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that a fair assessment? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, then you have a credibility problem to solve. It doesn't matter &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; great your automation is, if it's not solving the right problem. And if you're inadvertently giving off the impression - even if you never explicitly say this - that you're right, and they're just ignorant and hidebound - then wow, you will need to be quite humble for people to listen to you now. Also - have you actually &lt;em&gt;seriously&lt;/em&gt; considered that they might be right? That your approach might well be missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MichaelF's advice is good: get to know people, spend time with them, understand where they're coming from - but you replied by saying &quot;maybe time for another demo!&quot;. NO! Stop with the demos already! You did that already! More than once! It didn't work! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forget about going through management. You know they're disconnected from what's going on. Take Michael's advice and sit down with the guys at lunch. Sit with them while they're testing, pay attention to what they complain about most, what frustrates them - don't assume that something &lt;em&gt;you'd&lt;/em&gt; find boring is the same as what they'd find boring. Stop trying to automate &quot;the entire QA process&quot;, as if that was even possible (if you can automate thinking, analysis, exploration, learning, and design, then you should be making your millions out of your AI instead). Start by planning to just learn about the problems people have and just stop yourself from trying to propose solutions too early. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to find very tiny problems that aren't actually tests - maybe there's some tedious data setup to do, and you think you can write something very simple to help with that - but don't rush off and do it - ask a bit more first, to make sure you understand the problem, and just as important - to show them that you're making an effort to understand the problem first - and ask them if this would be something that would help, and would they mind very much having a little look if you just spend half an hour knocking up a quick little tool? Make it small, and low-key, and something that solves an immediate problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T22:06:39.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="218" CreationDate="2011-05-05T22:30:11.397" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's an excellent series of articles about test estimation that &lt;em&gt;everybody&lt;/em&gt; involved in producing or using test estimates should read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/10/project-estimation-and-black-swans/&quot;&gt;Project Estimation and Black Swans&#xA;(Part 1)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/10/project-estimation-and-black-swans-2/&quot;&gt;Project Estimation and Black&#xA;Swans (Part 2)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/10/project-estimation-and-black-swans-part-3/&quot;&gt;Project Estimation and Black Swans&#xA;(Part 3)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/10/project-estimation-and-black-swans-part-4/&quot;&gt;Project Estimation and Black&#xA;Swans (Part 4)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/10/project-estimation-and-black-swans-part-5-test-estimation/&quot;&gt;Project Estimation and Black Swans&#xA;(Part 5): Test Estimation&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It starts by exploring a Monte Carlo simulation for a project, showing how a relatively small number of surprises can have a big impact, carries on to talk about strategies for managing that impact, and finishes up by looking at testing in particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T22:30:11.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="293" CreationDate="2011-05-05T22:59:37.047" Score="3" ViewCount="1056" Body="&lt;p&gt;This isn't really a question for me anymore, but, out of curiousity and to help a former co-worker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before moving to Quality Assurance, I led a UAT team.  This team was made up of former users, who didn't actually use the systems that they were testing anymore, except for when they were testing it.  This seems odd to me, and I always got push back from the Business on engaging actual users.  Is this common?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On to my real question though, how often should UAT be utilized.  Currently, within my organization, UAT is only utilized when changes are made to SOX (Sarbanes–Oxley) impacting applications, and SOX impacting changes made to other applications.  Although I'd like to involve UAT more often, I receive push back from the business.  I'd like to start using them for any changes that impact a customer or end user.  What is considered normal for involving User Acceptance Testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-15T12:54:17.737" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T12:54:17.737" Title="UAT involvement" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="232" CreationDate="2011-05-05T23:18:00.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/em&gt; This is solely based on my experience. I'm sure there are others who will have a radically different experience with trying to get good UAT feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note&lt;/em&gt; I consider UAT to be more informal than formal. I'd love formal UAT, but there simply isn't budget for that where I am. :-(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, in a situation where SOX compliance is involved, you're likely to have (by the nature of people who are going after SOX compliance being large companies) many layers of separation between you and the users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example at my firm (a multi-national manufacturing firm) we have developers --&gt; dev manager --&gt; Business Analyst --&gt; Manufacturing plant manager --&gt; users (and sometimes, there's a layer between the users and the plant managers.) I can't imagine yours is any different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You simply have to take what you can get. You won't get 1 on 1 time from the business side. That time would have to be allocated by the development time. They might be willing to spare an hour of some order-entry person's time to show you how they're actually using the application, but they're certainly not paying for a developer's time. They have a plant to run, and you software-people already cost them too much money. (That's actually how they see us.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it's safe to say there is no &quot;normal&quot; for UAT. You have some companies that make it a big deal. They get focus groups, they get feedback, they do surveys, provide incentives. You have others where it's simply not a big deal at all. They really don't care as long as it's &quot;doing the job.&quot; They define doing the job as &quot;the people using the software haven't complained about it.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The smaller the company, and the smaller the userbase, and the more public the userbase, the more UAT will probably be involved. The larger the company, the easier it is to say &quot;You want more? Well, that's too bad.&quot; Same with having large userbases - you don't care if a couple leave. It's not worth the time compared to bringing in more people with new features. If you have a public userbase, they have more of an option to switch to something else. If it's in house software, they don't have much choice, so development has more power to just shut them down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, we would love to hear from our users, even though we fall into the category (by my criteria above) that can abuse them the worst: large ($2b+) large (7k+ users) private (in house). It's actually not us, but the layers of management in between that obfuscate the true feelings of the userbase, and the results of any UAT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T23:18:00.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="210" CreationDate="2011-05-05T23:37:13.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I experimented with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/flexmonkey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flexmonkey&lt;/a&gt; about a year ago.  I was starting to make some progress, but ended up changing teams shortly after.  The person who took over didn't take it up, but it seems as though it could be promising.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T23:37:13.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="220" CreationDate="2011-05-05T23:55:25.583" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you'll need to understand &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; they are being &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.susanroane.com/articles/offpols.html&quot;&gt;nay-sayers&lt;/a&gt;. It may be that you've landed in the snake pit of office politics and you're wondering why because &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.officepolitics.com/advice/?p=153&quot;&gt;herpetology&lt;/a&gt; isn't written in your job description. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the complaints you may have heard from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTQfGd3G6dg&quot;&gt;Knights Who Say NIH (Not Invented Here)&lt;/a&gt;! may include:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Why Change? We've always done it the old way...&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure, the old way works, but we've seen what happens to companies that don't change - they become extinct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;*Why Now?&quot;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have to start sometime. I've been given the go-ahead by management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It won't solve everything&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing solves everything. Automated testing will help make it easier to ensure consistency in testing as well as ensuring that previously found bugs don't return in future releases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You're wrong and here is why...&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To some people, every discussion is a verbal match that requires someone to win, and the opponent defeated. A demonstration that can show that automated testing solves some problems that are hard (or &quot;dirty&quot; or just plain unpleasant) would help solve these folks. The part where you said &lt;em&gt;&quot;I've even spent time automating almost the entire QA process for a simple application, only for the QA lead to use outsourced QA testers to test it!!&quot;&lt;/em&gt; gives me the feeling that they knew and didn't want to be proved wrong. Some people take being shown to be wrong as a moral judgement of themselves; you showed them that they were incorrect in this instance, therefore they are wrong in all other instances. About the only way to deal with these folks wold be to spend some time reading the series of books by Suzette Haden Elgin that have &quot;gentle art of verbal self-defence&quot; somewhere in the title. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Talk is cheap! &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sos.mo.gov/archives/history/slogan.asp&quot;&gt;I'm from Missouri, Show me&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These folks &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; be swayed by a demonstration (see preceeding paragraph), while the folks who engage in conversational warfare cannot be swayed by demonstrations.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It is too much work&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation takes time to set up. Once the scripts are created and set up, it can be done easily. One anecdote I used in an interview today was mentioning &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; servers and how my last employer would have greatly benefitted from having one (I set one up at this job and the folks love it, although they didn't understand it until I set up a demo of one on my development machine). The guy who made the install packages was an earlybird - his 8hr day ended around 3:30PM. The developers were evening people, so they'd be working to 10PM, but if there was a build, they could not hand over the install to the QA people until he came in the next day at 0600. Running some automated tests over the code would enable the devs to take care of a number of known bugs/issues (not all devs would bother running the unit tests before checking code in to source control), and that would take care of a number of tests that the QA staff would have to do every time a new build was ready to be checked. Not all the devs had the same stuff installed, and some would forget to switch to a release build, so the consistency was sad enough that only a couple devs could be trusted to make builds (one product was so flaky that the only machine that could reliably build it was one left behind by a dev that quit around 2004, so his machine had to be carefully maintained until the product was rewritten so that there was something to ship and sell to customers). A build machine (aka CI server) would have resolved so many of these issues that they would have been forgotten in the mists of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;We already tried this...&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, well, times and techniques have changed. That was then, and now we can do X, Y and Z. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cut down this forest with a herring!&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting back to the beginning, learning office politics is a crucial skill. Along with maintaining your sense of humor. Learning office politics is a nasty task, but it has to be mastered or else you may as well have &lt;code&gt;WELCOME&lt;/code&gt; tattoed on your forehead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;experts define office politics as &quot;the way in which workers recognize, and seek to reconcile, their competing interests.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We like to pretend that we operate in a meritocracy, where what you do is more important than who you know, and where we're all in this together to make the company a better place. The world isn't fair. So learn office politics, not so that you can play them and abuse others; but so that you can bend like a reed and use your opponents' misdirected energies against them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-05-05T23:55:25.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="214" CreationDate="2011-05-06T00:16:56.493" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you need some visual checks to be done, and if that is a small part of your entire test suite, you can create methods to take screenshots, label them appropriately and leave comments in your test results for each screenshot.  Consider a scenario where you have checked the text on the page, but also need to check some layouts and rendering on different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another utilization is when you want to capture screenshots on error.  Some of the errors can be tough to replicate, but cannot be ignored or a failure that the automation test does not handle.  E.g. a pop-up message, hidden fields, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a TC fails during the automation and a screenshot is taken, it also eliminates the need of manually reproducing it and having to take a screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a very good aid to the automation test results, if not overused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T00:16:56.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="214" CreationDate="2011-05-06T03:06:55.230" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our localization team uses screenshots extensively.  They've got a automation built around the basic screenshots so they can quickly check our product with a bunch of different languages, and verify that sizing, truncation, positioning, graphics, etc are all correct for the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T03:06:55.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="214" CreationDate="2011-05-06T03:51:18.597" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have largely used capturing screen shot when there are errors in page, instead of using it for each and every step. Combination of Selenium + TestNG + fest (Fixture for easy software testing) lets you capture Screen shot on test failure. I am not able to Google it now though remember that fest has listner which you could add in your ant build. Hence when ever there is a test failure screen shot is captured and posted to TestNG report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apropos of image comparison I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-remote-control/1.0-beta-2/doc/java/com/thoughtworks/selenium/DefaultSelenium.html#captureScreenshotToString%28%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;captureScreenShotToString&lt;/a&gt; api of Selenium. Using this you could keep a String reference of images and then capture String representation run time to compare with already stored String representation of image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess I need not talk about drawbacks of image comparison&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T03:51:18.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="243" CreationDate="2011-05-06T04:49:11.843" Score="14" ViewCount="24734" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard that, when using Selenium, the CSS Locator has better performance than the XPath Locator. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which Locator do you use in your tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you seen a great performance improvement when using CSS Locators? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Were there times when you had to use XPath instead of the corresponding CSS Locator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T04:29:05.987" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T05:05:23.203" Title="Which locator do you use with Selenium: CSS or XPath?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="76" CreationDate="2011-05-06T05:56:33.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;With open source tools, and virtulisation, scale-out of automated testing is now a lot cheaper so I use that to get around the &quot;takes more execution time&quot; problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next problem is now I am running the same tests twice, how can I be more effective. What I would probably do is try and come up with a scenario where part A of your test now use the same functionality, but test different things or code paths in that space, using different test data for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that I have more time, and I can apply differerent data, I can make more effective use of automation to cover more and more test scanarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then repeat the cycle and continue to buid more and more tests, as there is always another scenario that you can think of and add to the mix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-06T09:06:56.890" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T09:06:56.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-05-06T06:13:56.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that there are two answers to this question, the textbook answer and the &quot;in reality&quot; answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Common usage answer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think that most people tend to use these terms interchangeably to both mean the same thing. I think the sort of people who commonly do this who work with IT, but aren't part of IT itself, like business users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Textbook Answer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality assurance&lt;/strong&gt; is the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various aspects of a project, service or facility to maximize the probability that minimum standards of quality are being attained by the production process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to me, that implies assuring that you are operating in compliance with a Quality Assurance Standard, say you are a shipwright and you meet &quot;ISO/DIS 30005 Information control for hazardous materials in the manufacturing chain of shipbuilding and ship operations&quot; is pure QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software testing&lt;/strong&gt; is the process of verifying and validating that a software program works as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where it becomes fuzzy is that there is an ISO standard for sofware delivery, so I sould suggest that if you are testing for compliance of a standard then you are performing both Testing and QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T07:59:13.670" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T07:59:13.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="205" CreationDate="2011-05-06T06:57:06.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tests save time and increase accuracy during regular execution of test cases over a long period of time. There is of course a trade off, since it takes a long time to create automated tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related discussion is &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/119/has-automated-regression-testing-helped-you-in-finding-critical-defects-in-system&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/87/can-every-test-done-by-automation&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T06:57:06.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="239" CreationDate="2011-05-06T07:05:44.250" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't forget that not only performance is better with CSS locators, it's the compatibility too that matters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are testing on a multi browser environment in which we use: IE, SAFARI, FIREFOX, CHROME.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On IE the XPath almost never works OR it is SO slow that it can't be managed. So we use CSS where ever we can. Unfortunately IE does not support many CSS logics like, previous item, next item, counters and so on. But that can be arranged... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to tell your Developers to give distinctive IDs to each and every element you are using. It will greatly speed up your performance because you won't be needing too much XPath magic to reach elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So conclusion: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CSS is better with IE that's for sure. On other browsers I didn't really spot any difference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastEditorUserId="39908" LastEditDate="2019-08-19T05:05:23.203" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T05:05:23.203" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="239" CreationDate="2011-05-06T08:03:17.393" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, in fact I am using xpath. The best way is to put a static (of course unique) id to the elements you want to refer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="209" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T04:28:27.763" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T04:28:27.763" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="245" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="261" CreationDate="2011-05-06T09:08:03.847" Score="7" ViewCount="4514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have largely worked with Selenium for front end automation. Looks like there is great market for QTP in this arena, especially when you could afford commercial tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Have you worked with both QTP and Selenium? How have your experiences been with both? Do you find any one better over other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T07:07:15.927" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T07:07:15.927" Title="QTP vs Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2011-05-06T21:51:39.463" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="239" CreationDate="2011-05-06T10:09:59.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience xpath can be very flaky as it relies on the current structure of the UI for navigation.  Change the page structure and whoosh, there go your tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that reason, I prefer the stability of css selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T10:09:59.340" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-05-06T10:23:20.057" Score="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a useful blog post explaining the historical distinctions between Quality Assurance and Quality Control.  I would suggest the latter is an appropriate alias for what we would term &quot;testing&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingreflections.com/node/view/827&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://web.archive.org/web/20120807142038/http://www.testingreflections.com/node/view/827&quot;&gt;archive.org link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In essence, the author summarizes that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quality Assurance - Prevention of faults by inspecting &amp;amp; testing the &lt;strong&gt;process&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quality Control - Detection of faults by inspecting &amp;amp; testing the &lt;strong&gt;product&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastEditorUserId="5302" LastEditDate="2013-05-21T15:45:22.747" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T15:45:22.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="245" CreationDate="2011-05-06T10:42:18.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, selenium is better for web testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QTP is more expensive, and uses old technologies (VBA), but is better for non-coders and testing desktop applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now please, please, please close this question before the inevitable argument comes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-06T11:00:07.637" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T11:00:07.637" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="249" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-06T11:03:50.393" Score="8" ViewCount="12082" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been running into intermittent errors with some java selenium-rc tests which I think are related to a page which has an ajax poll and automatically refreshes when some condition is reached on the server. In this scenario, I have no way of asking selenium to wait for the page to load, and so I run into a bunch of random &quot;Couldn't access document.body&quot; errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So, is there some way I can cause selenium to gracefully handle this situation? If not, is there some way I could detect whether the user is selenium from the page's javascript, and disable the automatic refresh?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it helps at all, the javascript code in the page looks something like...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var ajax = new Ajax(url, { &#xA;    update: state,&#xA;    method: 'get',&#xA;    onComplete: function(message) {&#xA;        if (some_condition) {&#xA;            window.location.replace(unescape(window.location));&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="211" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T07:05:05.637" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T13:15:48.710" Title="Handling self-refreshing pages from selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="249" CreationDate="2011-05-06T11:08:52.043" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this scenario you could wait for the Ajax request to finish. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way you don't concern yourself if the page is loaded. You continue after the ajax request is done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could do that this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        selenium.waitForCondition(&#xA;            &quot;selenium.browserbot.getCurrentWindow().jQuery.active == 0&quot;,&#xA;            timeout);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where timeout is an optional integer parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T11:08:52.043" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="118" CreationDate="2011-05-06T11:24:55.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a huge question. I don't think it can be fully answered without further details. I'll try anyway though, for the more common cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is an in-house app, that needs only to run on one environment, then you should start by adding detail to the things you listed. My favourite things are the ones that alwaya find some bug somewhere in the data layers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Special characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different alphabets (varchar vs nvarchar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-to-left languages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;long strings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;database collation issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is going to be installed on more than one site, you get to test all the different projected environment combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operating system type/version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database type/version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Underlying storage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there's the usual stuff we never remember that needs to be spec-ed and tested, like Disaster Recovery procedures, Backup/Restore, Outage handling (network crash for example) and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In two words: Negative testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T11:24:55.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="249" CreationDate="2011-05-06T11:28:53.600" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If Hannibal's answer doesn't work, what has worked for me with pages that take a very long time to load, is adding calling a method either directly after the action which causes page to be refreshed, or, at the beginning of the next action, which checks to see if a particular element which will always be present on the page, is actually present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T11:28:53.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2011-05-06T11:40:22.173" Score="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have several portions to our interviews:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here's a simple, well-known system anyone should know, we like to use elevators. Here is a very basic spec. Talk about some tests you'd run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We've written the spec so that anyone worth their salt should have a dozen questions about it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We want to see the different &lt;em&gt;types&lt;/em&gt; of tests they come up with, not just the specific issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See how curious they are about things. Good testers test everything all the time, including you and your interview process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to say (metaphorically) that when you ask a good tester to pick a number between 1 and 10 they'll choose &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi&quot;&gt;&amp;#960;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastEditorUserId="2459" LastEditDate="2012-05-09T12:59:06.633" LastActivityDate="2012-05-09T12:59:06.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="54" CreationDate="2011-05-06T12:00:54.223" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes I talk with them personally and ask to walk through certain issues, sometimes under the pretext of I maybe missed something and want their input.  It's a diplomatic way of trying to get their side of things, and maybe see if you can pull out from them why they did not see it, or plant the seed for having them do it.  Diplomacy is an important part of our work and the relations you need to have with other teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might also be useful to find out why they do it this way, maybe they think they are checking completely but don't think about the area you are looking at; or maybe just looking at it wrong.  Often, I have found developers code an application and test it the one way they expect it to work, while QA often tests it an entirely different way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T12:00:54.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="205" CreationDate="2011-05-06T13:24:51.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What has been mentioned in the previous post is very true.&#xA;At my current project we use automated user acceptance test, we also use the same suit as build acceptance test.&#xA;Since automated tests make sure each and every part of the AUT is as it was expected to be w.r.t the SRS, we can always be sure that both the functionality and GUI lay out is as expected.&#xA;Automated tests even make sure that very minute cosmetic features are meeting its requirements if the tests has been created well.&#xA;But it requires that the automation framework to be we well designed and flexible .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T13:24:51.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="232" CreationDate="2011-05-06T13:32:54.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, we do not have formal UAT. A handful of support personnel walking through new features is the closest thing to UAT we do have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T13:32:54.060" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="249" CreationDate="2011-05-06T14:21:31.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simple solution would be to have selenium execute a script to override/disable the javascript that self refreshes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;selenium rc is selenium 1, but regardless, javascript can be executed with both drivers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That aside, @Hannibal has a pretty good solution, and I would most likely do it that way myself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T13:54:13.803" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:54:13.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="214" CreationDate="2011-05-06T14:30:35.980" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have been using screenshots for one reason only.  If the test fails, I want to see what was on the page when that happened.  One of the best debugging tools we have is the fact that, with selenium, we can see what the user would have seen when the test failed.  More often than not, by being able to see it, the problem becomes apparent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T14:30:35.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="259" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="260" CreationDate="2011-05-06T14:35:58.767" Score="12" ViewCount="788" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running single purpose performance tests on a daily basis.  Currently, I run each test 3 times and average them out.  But I get fluctuations from day to day which make it difficult to detect whether or not this is due to a code change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a statistically appropriate way to measure and calculate performance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8" LastEditorUserId="4487" LastEditDate="2012-12-05T21:11:48.203" LastActivityDate="2012-12-06T17:22:03.800" Title="Measuring test performance when there is high variance" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="259" CreationDate="2011-05-06T14:48:44.490" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing you need to do is isolate whatever could be messing with your system. Make it as independent as possible. The fewer background processes, extra hardware and software, and even network traffic you can get, the better. Sometimes it's even a good idea to run these on a batch job that runs at night at a time when you know there's nothing else running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best statistical way that jumps in my mind is standard deviation. With a set of historical data, you should be able to acquire a mean and a stddev. If you get a result that is more than 3 or 6 stddevs from the mean (commonly known as 3-sigma or 6-sigma), you know you have something significantly different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure you could simply pop the values in excel and get the stddev results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T14:48:44.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="245" CreationDate="2011-05-06T16:56:32.547" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked on both, and used QTP extensively before.  It works best for teams that have one or two engineers who can create and maintain the test suites, and few more QAs with not so much programming skills can run the tests, and make minor changes.  It's record and play (IMO) is better than selenium's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is open source, so you are saving a lot of money that you would have to pay for licenses.   Technologically Selenium surely goes way beyond QTP can, and due to the support for programming languages like JAVA, C#, Perl, Python, etc. the QA engineers can encompass backend tests too in their test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T16:56:32.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="262" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T17:24:26.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Automation is the process of writing software act on the application in test. The classic use of test automation is to use a software framework to execute a defined set of automated tests, usually in the form of a regression test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other common uses of test automation include performance tests, security scans, automation-assisted penetration testing, automated data generation, fuzz testing, and unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use on SQA Stack Exchange&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automated-testing tag is relevant to questions about the design, creation, debugging, execution, and analysis of any test automation. Tools and frameworks used, such as Selenium, HPQC, TestComplete, AutoIT, etc. should be tagged as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T17:13:25.547" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T17:13:25.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="263" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T17:24:26.670" Score="0" Body="Use for questions involving problems with automated tests. Relevant for designing test automation, debugging test automation, automation tooling questions, and questions about when it is appropriate to automate. Questions regarding specific tools should tag those tools as well." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T17:13:25.547" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T17:13:25.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="264" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T17:39:22.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/30/Java_programming_language_logo.svg&quot; alt=&quot;java logo&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adapted from the SO &lt;code&gt;[Java]&lt;/code&gt; tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Initial help&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New to Java - need help to get your &lt;em&gt;first Java program running&lt;/em&gt;?  See the &lt;a href=&quot;http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/getStarted/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oracle Java Tutorials section on Getting Started&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before asking a question, use the search box in the upper right corner to see if it has been asked before by others (we have many duplicates), and please read &lt;a href=&quot;http://msmvps.com/blogs/jon_skeet/archive/2010/08/29/writing-the-perfect-question.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Writing the perfect question&lt;/a&gt; to learn how to get Jon Skeet to answer your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java&lt;/a&gt; is a high-level, platform-independent, object-oriented programming language originally developed by Sun Microsystems and released in 1995.  Java is currently owned by Oracle, which purchased Sun on April 20, 2009.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very few computers can run Java programs directly.  Therefore the Java environment is normally made available by installing a suitable software component.  For Windows computers, this is usually done by downloading the free Java Runtime Environment (JRE) from Oracle which allows the system to run Java programs.  The easiest way to do this is from &lt;a href=&quot;http://java.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;java.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers frequently need additional tools which are available in the free Java Development Kit (JDK) alternative to the JRE, which for Windows must be downloaded from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oracle&lt;/a&gt; and installed manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Other vendors exist but usually have license fees. For Linux and other platforms consult the operating system documentation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia on Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Development_Kit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia on the JDK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Download Java from Oracle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hello World&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class HelloWorld {&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Hello, World!&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java source code is compiled to an intermediate form (bytecode instructions for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Virtual_Machine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java Virtual Machine&lt;/a&gt;) that can be executed with the &lt;code&gt;java&lt;/code&gt; command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Beginners' resources&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Java Tutorials&lt;/a&gt; - Starts from scratch on Windows/Linux/Mac and covers most of the standard library.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://codingbat.com/java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coding Bat (Java)&lt;/a&gt;- After learning some basics, refine and hone your Java skills with Coding Bat.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Day to day resources&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/documentation/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java SE Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Advanced resources&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jvms/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Java Virtual Machine Specification&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Java Language Specification&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_JVM_languages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Other languages that can be mixed with Java on JVM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Books&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/75102/best-java-book-you-have-read-so-far&quot;&gt;Java books recommended by the community&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frequently Asked Questions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maybe when we're out of private beta we'll actually have FAQ to put here? :-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T15:00:13.980" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T15:00:13.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="265" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T17:39:22.673" Score="0" Body="Questions about testing applications written in Java or test automation written in Java, a popular programming language and runtime environment which allows Java programs to run unchanged on most hardware and software platforms." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T15:00:13.980" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T15:00:13.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="266" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T17:43:31.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Information Systems Examinations Board (ISEB) is an examination awarding body that places an emphasis on software processes (testing, sustainability, analysis, security and the like) and provides certification in those areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more on their &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Systems_Examination_Board&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt; or their &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iseb-exams.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;homepage&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:10:09.667" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:10:09.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="267" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T17:43:31.730" Score="0" Body="The Information Systems Examinations Board (ISEB) is an examination awarding body that places an emphasis on software processes (testing, sustainability, analysis, security and the like) and provides certification in those areas." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:10:13.460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:10:13.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="268" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T17:54:19.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;HP QuickTest Professional&lt;/em&gt; software provides functional and regression test automation for software applications and environments. It supports keyword and scripting interfaces and features a graphical user interface. It was originally written by &lt;strong&gt;Mercury&lt;/strong&gt; Interactive which was acquired by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hp.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Hewlett-Packard&quot;&gt;Hewlett-Packard&lt;/a&gt; in 2006.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP renamed the latest version from &lt;em&gt;Quick Test Pro&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;Unified Functional Testing&lt;/em&gt; (Also see it's tag: &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/hp-uft&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;hp-uft&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;hp-uft&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See their &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_QuickTest_Professional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt; for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T16:14:55.930" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T16:14:55.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="269" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T17:54:19.627" Score="0" Body="HP QuickTest Professional software provides functional and regression test automation for software applications and environments. It supports keyword and scripting interfaces and features a graphical user interface. It was originally written by Mercury Interactive which was acquired by HP in 2006." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:11:36.407" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:11:36.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="270" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:19:57.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An acceptance test driven development and behavior driven development framework for .NET.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See their &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org/home.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;home page&lt;/a&gt; for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:11:43.723" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:11:43.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="271" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:19:57.397" Score="0" Body="An acceptance test driven development and behavior driven development framework for .NET." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:11:47.670" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:11:47.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="272" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:21:31.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adapted from the SO Javascript tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The Basics&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Javascript is probably the most ubiquitous programming language on the earth.  It runs on virtually every OS, and a JS engine is included in virtually every mainstream web browser. Standalone Javascript engines or interpreters are available as well. Windows, for example, includes Javascript in its Windows Script Host, and Mozilla offers &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/Rhino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rhino&lt;/a&gt;, an implementation of Javascript built in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Mozilla Developer Center offers &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;good documentation&lt;/a&gt; on JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JavaScript is most often used in the browser - see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/DOM/DOMTR.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Document Object Model&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;ECMAScript, JavaScript &amp;amp; JScript&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People often use the term &quot;JavaScript&quot; informally. The language and the term originated as a creation of Netscape. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ECMAScript&lt;/a&gt; was developed as a standardization of Netscape's JavaScript and Microsoft's independently-developed &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JScript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JScript&lt;/a&gt;. The canonical reference is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-262.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The ECMA-262 Language Specification&lt;/a&gt;. While JavaScript and JScript aim to be compatible with ECMAScript, they also provide additional features not described in the ECMA specifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people today who use Javascript probably don't sweat the differences; they do not distinguish it from ECMAScript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T18:22:39.270" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T18:22:39.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="273" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:21:31.527" Score="0" Body="JavaScript is a dialect of the standardized ECMAScript programming language, primarily used for scripting web-pages." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:11:03.817" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:11:03.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="274" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:27:07.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legacy_code&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia entry&lt;/a&gt; (note that the article has been flagged for lacking citations):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Legacy code is source code that relates to a no-longer supported or manufactured operating system or other computer  technology. The term can also mean code inserted into modern software for the purpose of maintaining an older or previously supported feature — for example supporting a serial interface even though many modern systems do not have a serial port. It may also be in the form of supporting older file formats that may have been encoding in non-ASCII characters, such as EBCDIC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, most source code has some dependency on the platform for which it is designed—unless a programmer uses a platform-independent programming language like Java, it is hard to write a large, useful program that is totally independent of its environment. When the manufacturer upgrades a platform (or the platform is superseded), the code may no longer work without changes, and becomes legacy code. A large part of the task of a software engineer is to continually alter code to prevent this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the term usually refers to source code, it can also apply to executable code that no longer runs on a later version of a system, or requires a compatibility layer to do so. An example would be a classic Macintosh application which will not run natively on Mac OS X, but runs inside the Classic environment, or a Win16 application running on Windows XP using the Windows on Windows feature in XP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Modern interpretations&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More recently, the software engineering community has developed other interpretations for the term legacy code. Among the most prevalent are source code inherited from someone else and source code inherited from an older version of the software. Michael Feathers' Working Effectively with Legacy Code (ISBN 0-13-117705-2) introduced a definition of legacy code as code without tests, which reflects the perspective of legacy code being difficult to work with in part due to a lack of automated regression tests. He also defined Characterization Tests to start putting legacy code under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:11:08.497" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:11:08.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="275" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:27:07.107" Score="0" Body="Legacy code can mean a number of related things, the most common of which are code inherited from someone else; code from a previous version of the application; code that is deprecated or outdated; or code that is untested. Many legacy systems meet all these criteria, and legacy code typically requires a different, more delicate approach than new code." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:11:13.613" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:11:13.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="239" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:27:42.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;An example of something you can only do in XPATH is go the parent of the current node. So while I recommend using CSS when you can, sometimes XPATH is the only way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit : &#xA;Actually, brain-fart on my side. The following site has two very useful charts that compare &#xA;CSS and XPATH locators if those exist plus DOM locators for good measure, all with special notice to Selenium : &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/xpath,-css,-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/xpath,-css,-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very useful stuff. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="216" LastEditorUserId="216" LastEditDate="2011-05-08T18:21:18.933" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T18:21:18.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="277" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:28:08.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FFP0i.png&quot; alt=&quot;Python logo&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adapted from the SO Python tag wiki.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python&lt;/a&gt; is a dynamically and strongly typed programming language, used for developing &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/about/apps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a wide range of applications&lt;/a&gt;. The philosophy of Python is succinctly formulated in &lt;em&gt;The Zen of Python&lt;/em&gt; (Author: Tim Peters), which can be revealed by issuing this command at the interactive interpreter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; import this&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exhaustive and up-to-date reference to the Python specification and standard library documentation can be found in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;official docs&lt;/a&gt;. There are a wide variety of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_%28programming_language%29#Implementations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;implementations&lt;/a&gt;, which have relevant Stack Overflow tags reserved for them, although for most questions the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/python&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;python&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;python&lt;/a&gt; tag should be sufficient. The reference implementation is known as CPython.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The current stable versions are &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/download/releases/2.7.1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.7.1&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/download/releases/3.2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3.2&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T18:18:31.290" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T18:18:31.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="278" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:28:08.477" Score="0" Body="Python is an interpreted, general-purpose high-level programming language whose design philosophy emphasizes code readability." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:11:26.313" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:11:26.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="279" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:30:03.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adapted from the SO internet-explorer-9 tag wiki.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nternet Explorer 9 supports several CSS 3 properties, embedded ICC v2 or v4 color profiles support via Windows Color System, and has improved JavaScript performance. It also features hardware-accelerated graphics rendering using Direct2D, hardware-accelerated text rendering using DirectWrite, hardware-accelerated video rendering using Media Foundation, imaging support provided by Windows Imaging Component, and high fidelity printing powered by the XPS print pipeline. IE9 also supports the HTML5 video and audio tags and the Web Open Font Format. Microsoft has released IE9 as a major out-of-band version that is not tied to the release schedule of any particular version of Windows, unlike previous versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The system requirements for IE9 are Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Vista Service Pack 2 or Windows Server 2008 SP2 with the Platform Update. Windows XP is not supported. Both 32-bit and 64-bit builds are available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:10:00.823" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:10:00.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="280" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-06T18:30:03.827" Score="0" Body="Windows Internet Explorer 9 (abbreviated as IE9) is the current version of the Internet Explorer web browser from Microsoft." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T18:10:06.190" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T18:10:06.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-05-06T22:11:26.857" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not to negate one anybody else has already said because I think it is all good advice, but the first step I would take is to run one very basic test. That moves you from having a system with zero tests to having a system with an incomplete set of tests that can be improved upon. My experience is that it's easier to complete a job that's already under way than try to figure out where to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T22:11:26.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="210" CreationDate="2011-05-06T22:57:31.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We tried Flexmonkium and found that it was burdensome to get started and prone to versionitis. We've been dramatically more successful with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.flexpilot.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Flexpilot&lt;/a&gt;. We use it with Selenium2 beta3 (WebDriver). The SauceLabs team is helping to move Flexpilot forward, whereas Flexmonkium didn't seem to be getting much contributor love.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T22:57:31.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-06T23:07:30.113" Score="7" ViewCount="659" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen several mentions of an issue when running tests in Firefox: the Flash player doesn't load the SWF if the browser window doesn't have focus. This causes sporadic test failures if the system used for running tests is doing anything else. I've verified that if the Firefox browser is behind IE the test will hang until it times out or else I bring Firefox to the foreground manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A workaround that allows the Selenium2/WebDriver test to bring the browser to the front or to override this behavior of the player would be much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastEditorUserId="105" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T00:10:47.267" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T03:47:46.370" Title="Firefox (3.6) not loading Flash when running Selenium2 tests" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;flash&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-05-06T23:09:17.510" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are trying to determine what jobs to apply to based on title, I think the best current practice is to pay less attention to the terms used and more attention to the company culture and the specifics of the job description.  If you are trying to communicate with testers or QA folks, I think the best current practice is to use other words if you want to convey a specific meaning that you associate with one of those phrases, and use either phrase when you want to refer to testing or QA in general.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One answer (given above) is that one is about process, and the other is about verifying functionality.  In practice, I don't think any skilled tester is going to claim that their job involves nothing but verifying functionality, and this definition has the sad effect of turning &quot;tester&quot; into a derogatory term.  I've also seen that testing is about &quot;checking&quot; and QA is about a more organic approach that includes exploratory or ad-hoc testing.  This has a similar problem.  I find that what QA / testers do as far as process vs. functional verification or using a variety of approaches has more to do with seniority than with job title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I strongly suspect regional biases are really the major difference between the terms.  &quot;Tester&quot; has a positive vibe in the Pacific NW, IME, but &quot;QA&quot; often implies that the company doesn't really get tech.  Yet this seems to be almost the opposite of what most people get from the terms &quot;tester&quot; and &quot;QA&quot;.  This local phenomenon might be the influence of Microsoft and Amazon, with their &quot;SDET&quot; position (Software Development Engineer in Test).  It also might be a result of the more casual NW tech culture, where wearing a tie to an interview could very likely reduce your chances of getting hired at any major tech company.  &quot;Quality Assurance&quot; just sounds too &quot;business-like&quot; and stodgy to my ears.  When I see that, I think the entire company is run by bureaucrats. &quot;Tester&quot;, on the other hand, is easier to say, less formal, and doesn't blur in with the rest of the acronyms being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T23:09:17.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="180" CreationDate="2011-05-06T23:27:49.140" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think someone needs to have a frank conversation with management.  These people are not doing software testing in the QA / technical sense.  They are doing user acceptance testing.  Quite simply, you cannot expect someone who is involved in designing the project to be successful to also have a real desire to show how the product fails.  This isn't the fault of the testers themselves, but the fault of whoever decided that the people filling the BA role / spec developer could also test effectively, without any other dedicated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Management needs to understand that the greatest value of a tester on a project comes from their total devotion to showing that the specific product(s) they are testing doesn't work as intended.  They are the only role on the team that is dedicated to showing how things can fail, and their failure-orientation needs to be protected.  Having testers also take a primary role in defining the product destroys that failure orientation.  The only role testers should take in building a product is to point out holes, unclear areas, mismatches between customer wants and actual specs, potential better alternatives to current designs, and other failures or risky areas.  Once a person starts helping with the actual design, they are emotionally invested in success and will be less inclined to find failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-06T23:27:49.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="287" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="303" CreationDate="2011-05-07T05:04:02.387" Score="4" ViewCount="2011" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, Business Analysts (BA's) are commonly used to perform &quot;happy path&quot; testing when an application is developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should the reverse also be true with testers being (more) involved and performing static testing of requirements before they are handed to developers instead ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-11T23:59:04.773" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T11:42:27.227" Title="Business analysts commonly do testing work, should testers be involved in analysis work?" Tags="&lt;static-testing&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="226" CreationDate="2011-05-07T05:34:32.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dates for the burn down chart in excel for the Agile and CMMI templates are set by the date filters on the chart, you need to right click on the date column in the pivot table and then select the dates you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the new agile template, these dates are probably sourced from the start and finish dates on the sprint work item template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T05:43:16.300" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T05:43:16.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="287" CreationDate="2011-05-07T07:26:51.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might like to read the book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0764598376&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Effective Methods for Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;. It has some checklists for checking things like requirements. While the book is big enough to be a door stop, it also has lots of checklists for every stage of testing and QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T07:26:51.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-05-07T07:33:39.437" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The analogy I like to use, to explain the difference between quality control (aka testing) and quality assurance is an assembly line analogy. Quality control is when you check what comes off the assembly line, to verify that it meets the specs. Quality assurance is when you check what goes &lt;em&gt;into&lt;/em&gt; the assembly line. To further explain the analogy, consider an assembly line where 100% of the products produced are defective: any failure in quality control means defective products escape to your customers. Alternatively, consider an assembly line where 100% of the products produced are &quot;good&quot;: any failure in quality control means you fail products that are actually good. Quality control is the gatekeeper at the end of the assembly line - it doesn't check the assembly line - just what comes out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point of quality assurance is to ensure that the assembly line is itself working. Like a thermostat, the ideal is to verify that the assembly line can produce good products. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T07:33:39.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="232" CreationDate="2011-05-07T08:35:07.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the key areas I have seen improvements to applications is when end users are actively involved testing and development, ideally from start to finish as part of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more removed that users are from the development and implementation and testing the less likely it is that the application will meet their business need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have actually seen, quite commonly, both extremes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;End users are involved too much in testing (i.e. work goes straight from developers to UAT, by-passing any normal system testing and wastes a lot of business users time). Eventually this will lead to the situation that you describe when they will eventually say &quot;enough is enough&quot; and stop testing. This can then lead to the other extreme&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Users are not involved at all and an application is then forced on them simply doesn't work and is abandoned&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice in your situation would be to fight to get access to the users, or a proxy for the users, such as a good business analyst.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should acknowledge that their time is extremely valuable and then capture from them what they want tested, and essentially perform UAT on their behalf. Then, after it all is fixed and working, show them the results, and when they actually do their own testing (if they do) it should simply be a quick rubber stamp process to accept an already working system. This is what, IMHO, UAT should be all about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T08:35:07.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="214" CreationDate="2011-05-07T08:43:52.537" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find the concept of &quot;capturing&quot; very important, just not necessarily with a screen shot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most effective things I ever did was to get the full stack trace of application exceptions in the html comments of a page. This was only available when turned on in our test environments because of security reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this is enabled, every time an action is performed that might cause an exception like, pressing a button or clicking on a link, the framework will check the HTML source for any exception in the comments. That way, if there is a bug the full stack trace is logged into the test results, making investigation a lot easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshots are really helpful of you want to quickly visualise failures by looking at a folder full of large thumbnails to see if, for example the browser is crashing, or a common error dialogue is present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T08:43:52.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="295" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="298" CreationDate="2011-05-07T09:08:42.303" Score="17" ViewCount="821" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some background.  I am a long time &lt;a href=&quot;http://watin.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt; coder, and have been since I first looked at Selenium a few versions ago, and decided that it didn't meet my needs, and then went with WatiN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I now want to switch to selenium 2 (selenium web-driver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the best resources? Where can I can find out about getting started with Selenium 2?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am personally interested in the C# API, how control mapping works, and implementation examples. &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium HQ.org&lt;/a&gt; still talks primarily about Selenium IDE and the older versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T05:18:58.387" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T05:18:58.387" Title="Where can I find information on getting started with Selenium 2?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="296" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="299" CreationDate="2011-05-07T11:02:07.560" Score="8" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see why the community can sort of look down on the ISEB exams (at least the Foundation - I haven't looked at the material for any of the others). So I got to wondering exactly what similar courses are out there that could genuinely help you become a better tester? I've heard of the Weekend Sessions but don't think im quite ready for that level yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-19T21:13:51.200" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:37:26.533" Title="Alternatives to ISEB" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;&lt;iseb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="287" CreationDate="2011-05-07T13:23:47.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always found immense benefit to requirements being tested before being handed to the developer.  In many cases, I prefer the developer to be testing with me.  Not only do we get to learn about the application before we develop it, but, we usually end up cutting down time lost by sending back requirements after it's already been partially developed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, don't limit yourself to static analysis of the requirements.  Acting them out with team members taking on the roll of the user, the data, and the applications(s) can often help clarify or find problems with requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2011-05-07T13:36:11.910" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T13:36:11.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="295" CreationDate="2011-05-07T13:36:02.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;WebDriver documents are available at -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="134" LastEditDate="2012-08-09T07:25:05.343" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T07:25:05.343" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="296" CreationDate="2011-05-07T16:46:55.393" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Craig - please don't feel you're not ready for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/discussions?vasthtmlaction=viewforum&amp;amp;f=4.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Weekend Testing sessions&lt;/a&gt;, they're absolutely intended to be a safe space for testers of &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; levels to try new things and make mistakes in a friendly and supportive environment where they can learn from them. We've had people who've never worked as a tester but who are interested in entering the profession someday attending the sessions and enjoying them. (I think the youngest testing student we've had was 14).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no need to commit to attending a series of sessions, you can just turn up whenever you're free to attend one. There are sessions in various timezones, so pick one that fits in with your schedule. There's also the WeekNight Testers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Courses:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're a member of the Association for Software Testing, you can sign up for the BBST Foundations course for free:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here&lt;/a&gt; and then the following courses (Bug Advocacy is currently running, with further courses in preparation) currently charge a (fairly low) fee. The courses are run online, so are available anywhere in the world where you have internet access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend this for the following &lt;strong&gt;reasons:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The course content will give you an excellent grounding in the problems and approaches you will need to tackle as a professional tester. The material is both genuinely challenging, academically solid, and relevant to testing professionals. It will give you the vocabulary to discuss the major problems in testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will help you to develop higher level skills. Unlike some commercial courses which merely test your recall of material, the BBST courses assess your ability to apply it to your day to day work, to analyze it, and to evaluate what approach is suitable for different problems. In order to complete the AST course, you'll have to (amongst other things) be able to explain a test approach to your peers, and justify what testing you would do, and why. They'll then critique your explanations, and you'll do the same for them. This is a really key part of the AST approach IMHO - you will learn so much from discussing these issues with your peers. When you've completed the BBST foundations, you will &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; understand the material. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The BBST series of courses is based on work originally developed for software engineering students at Florida Institute of Technology. The course content is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;available free online&lt;/a&gt; for anyone to inspect it. Even if you don't take the AST presentation, I'd recommend anyone involved in software testing who aspires to call themselves a professional should make themselves familiar with the course content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other courses:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can strongly recommend the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/courses/RapidSoftwareTesting.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rapid Software Testing course&lt;/a&gt;, should you have the opportunity to attend one near you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of other good courses, but dependent on geographical location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recognition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The BBST courses will post (with your permission) the names of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/graduates/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;successful BBST graduates&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T08:37:26.533" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:37:26.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="300" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="301" CreationDate="2011-05-07T17:10:53.807" Score="13" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't experienced a transition from waterfall to Agile myself - I worked for companies using Prince2, waterfall approaches to managing projects, and then I got a job working for a company using Agile. But for most traditional testers, their first exposure to Agile will be when their company decides to adopt it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What resources are there for testers in a company transitioning to using an Agile approach? What problems do they tend to face, and how do they overcome those problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:27:35.013" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:27:35.013" Title="Good resources for traditional testers adapting to an Agile environment" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;waterfall&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="300" CreationDate="2011-05-07T17:26:26.837" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the most common problems that I've faced is the role of the tester.  Often times, teams/companies start to believe that an agile approach using TDD eliminates the need for testing.  My first experience with it was when of my former teams was told that they were going to become an agile team.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; by Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory helped me out immensely.&#xA;  It seems as though it's been so long since I've worked on a traditional waterfall team that I've forgotten some of the challenges that I faced.  As I say (perhaps too often), communications and a willingness to adapt just as the rest of the team is adapting is key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T17:26:26.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="300" CreationDate="2011-05-07T17:28:38.980" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K9DwB.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K9DwB.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Agile Testing, by Gregory and Crispin&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;sub&gt;(source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51oB%2BtnQwxL._SL500_AA300_.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;images-amazon.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the (IMO) canonical book I refer people to in this situation. It's a fun book to read, and gives you plenty of ideas and context to start with as you transition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-02-17T14:52:58.700" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T14:52:58.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="287" CreationDate="2011-05-07T21:38:03.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's part of a tester's job to ask questions about the product that nobody else has even thought of yet. Waiting until after significant programming time has been spent to even &lt;em&gt;start&lt;/em&gt; asking those questions - well, does that sound sensible to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of my best defects (except we called them review comments) have been raised before a single line of code was written. When working in a waterfall environment, if a project came to us for testing where static testing of the requirements hadn't been conducted (or had been conducted poorly), we considered it high risk (as such projects normally overran horribly in cost and time - if they weren't cancelled first). When working in an Agile environment, I am expected to be able to ask questions that reveal scenarios that nobody else has thought of yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it does mean testers need analysis skills. But then, they aren't going to be able to design good tests if they don't have those skills. If they're merely designing confirmatory tests that just check the requirements are satisfied, rather than test them - then they're not doing testing, just checking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other part of it is that if you don't involve testers at the requirements stage, it means that they don't start &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingjeff.wordpress.com/2011/04/19/testing-test-execution/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;building up their understanding of the problem space&lt;/a&gt; early, which threatens the value of their testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; possible for a good tester to cope with stuff that just gets thrown over the wall - there are strategies to deal with that. But if you have a choice, then why wouldn't you want feedback earlier, rather than later?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2011-05-07T21:38:03.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="305" CreationDate="2011-05-08T05:38:09.517" Score="23" ViewCount="721" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone recommend any good security testing resources?  Although I have a basic security skillset, I'd like to improve this.  Some of the training I've seen online however seems kind of sketchy.  Resources would have to be a reasonable price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I know that there's no one answer for this, but still, hoping for some recommendations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:17:06.420" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T07:14:41.673" Title="Security testing resources" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-05-08T10:07:03.287" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;For web application security you might find it useful - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T10:07:03.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-08T11:53:19.637" Score="7" ViewCount="533" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if there are any repositories or wikis of formal testing techniques - test design ideas, like pairwise or boundary. I couldn't find one so far. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&#xA;Ahmet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="215" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-28T13:18:28.277" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T13:18:28.277" Title="Testing techniques repository?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="300" CreationDate="2011-05-08T12:01:21.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Learn what Agile is first, everything else will fall into place. &#xA;I managed a test team as part of a larger Agile team, I read the &quot;Agile Testing&quot; books much later and found them similar to what we already did using intuition and simple common sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T12:01:21.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="205" CreationDate="2011-05-08T12:38:39.797" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll start by saying that &quot;automated&quot; and &quot;user acceptance&quot; do not fit in the same sentence very well :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point of user acceptance testing is to have end users test your product in its final state as to validate it is doing what it has to do &amp;amp; it is doing it correctly. Human interaction just can't be automated (yet). The value that our human randomness &amp;amp; thinking give is simply enormous and this is a major disadvantage point for automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Off topic: If, by any chance you have a few automated real users lying around .. feel free to pass me one or two :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="66" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T12:38:39.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-05-08T14:12:19.910" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IT0VD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;How to Break Software Security&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321194330&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;This book&lt;/a&gt; has a lot of good ideas you can try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T14:12:19.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-05-08T14:14:35.137" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also consider doing &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threat_model&quot;&gt;threat models&lt;/a&gt; - IME, when testers are part of the threat model process, they generally find security issues nobody else does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T14:14:35.137" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="487" CreationDate="2011-05-08T14:53:48.613" Score="12" ViewCount="1461" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test matrix for my product's installation, which is n-dimensional, where n is about 11 or 12 at this point. For instance, the OS is one dimension, and the DB is another, and the Reporting engine is a third etc.&#xA;In this matrix, every intersection of these parameters is a separate test that needs to be run and reported. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I display these results so that they can be easily reviewed to see which tests have been run/passed/failed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-07-12T19:06:32.183" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T20:53:19.453" Title="How can I report coverage on an n-dimensional test matrix?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="311" CreationDate="2011-05-08T18:00:59.047" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;How to do it&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's let your dimensions' sizes be &lt;code&gt;C1, C2 ... Cn&lt;/code&gt; where &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; is the number of dimensions. So, C1 might be 3 if your values are &lt;code&gt;Windows, Mac, Linux&lt;/code&gt; (I'm sure you'd have different versions of Windows and what not, but for the example, it works.) Your total number of tests will be &lt;code&gt;C1 * C2 *  ... * Cn&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure you already have a 2d matrix defined that is your set of labels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally would export it to a CSV so you can open it up in Excel (or your favorite spreadsheet.) Here's a 4 dimensional example. Having the row headers allows you to easily sort the data by the various columns. If you had done so here, you would notice the &amp;quot;Advancde mode&amp;quot; always fails due to some typo in the DDL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test No.    OS        DB      RepEngine  Easy/Adv mode     Result     Notes&#xA;0001        Windows   MySQL   Velocity   Easy              PASS       &#xA;0002        Windows   MySQL   Velocity   Advanced          FAIL       Schema failure on table AdvancedModeSettings.&#xA;0003        Windows   MySQL   Crystal    Easy              PASS&#xA;0004        Windows   MySQL   Crystal    Advanced          FAIL       Schema failure on table AdvancedModeSettings.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I imagine you wouldn't even necessarily need to spit it out to csv (although it wouldn't be a bad idea.) You could keep a tab on the number of tests for each variable. Your result summary output might say (assuming we did the entire run)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;OS:&#xA;  Windows  - 50%&#xA;  Mac      - 50%&#xA;  Linux    - 25%&#xA;&#xA;Database:&#xA;  MySQL    - 42%&#xA;  Derby    - 42%&#xA;&#xA;Reporting Engine:&#xA;  Velocity - 50%&#xA;  Crystal  - 33%&#xA;&#xA;Easy/Adv mode:&#xA;  Easy     - 83%&#xA;  Advanced - 0%&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay, well we obviously have a glaring mistake with Advanced mode. So with two choices for that mode, it it's obvious why so many types are hovering at 50% - half of them always failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, we take a look at reporting engine: Velocity passed 50% of the time, but crystal only 33% of the time. Since we've reduced its max to 50%, this indicates that 33/50 = 2/3, so its incompatible with something that has 3 choices and passes 2 of them. We scroll up to OS and find that Linux is down to 25% from the rest being at 50%. Looks like we spotted it: Crystal reports on Linux seems to be failing the install.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's an idea of the information you could glean. You could write a small script to make some smart guesses about those kinds of information so you know what to look for. Obviously, just the fact that a low percentage of one passes means you have a reason to investigate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Reality Check&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, with 12 dimensions, and about 5 choices per dimension, you're looking at about 244 million tests. I don't even think that's feasible to run. Even at only 3 per choice you're looking at over half a million tests. I still think that's a lot. Unless you have a massive server farm. You can't really expect an install to take less than 10 minutes, can you? Plus you have to completely clean up after yourself too. That would be over 88 thousand hours of server time. I'm not convinced simply making a twelve-nested loop would be a wise idea. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T18:00:59.047" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-05-08T19:17:45.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saw this site recommended recently as a good resource for those wanting to practice security testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hackademic1.teilar.gr/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://hackademic1.teilar.gr/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T19:17:45.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="311" CreationDate="2011-05-08T19:24:40.457" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do all combinations need to be run? This sounds like a classic place to apply all-pairs testing. I haven't played with this yet myself, but I hear good things about &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hexawise&lt;/a&gt; which might help with display and analysis of the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T19:24:40.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="59" CreationDate="2011-05-08T21:08:18.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, most of questions in Joel test are related to working/engineering process in team/company hence they're related to QA's as well.  What's more, answering on each question could help for candidate to understand whether company is appropriate to work in, so I believe&lt;br&gt;&#xA;yes, Joel test is appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="222" LastActivityDate="2011-05-08T21:08:18.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="118" CreationDate="2011-05-08T23:32:55.400" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree there's not much out there - I took on my first (and so far, last) data warehouse testing project a couple of years ago and found it pretty hard to find good advice. I haven't responded so far, as I think my experience having done just one project is fairly slight so I was waiting to see if you got more useful responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good resources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://karennicolejohnson.com/publications/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Karen N Johnson&lt;/a&gt; has useful articles about BI testing: &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/tip/Manipulating-Business-Intelligence-to-solve-dense-data-warehouse-testing-issues&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;part 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/tip/Testing-data-fields-in-business-Intelligence-projects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;part 2&lt;/a&gt;, and here's one specifically about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingreflections.com/node/view/7951&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testing SCDs&lt;/a&gt;. I've found what she has to say about BI testing really valuable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/groups&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BI Testing group&lt;/a&gt; on the Software Testing Club.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember the big challenges for us being around deciding where the highest risks were, given limited time and resources for testing, as well as needing to suddenly get very familiar with data warehousing without having any prior experience in the test team. We ended up working very closely with the developers, and doing a lot of exploratory testing to scope out what areas were causing the biggest headaches. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strategies we used that I'd use again:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating data mapping&#xA;spreadsheets to understand how data&#xA;from our data feeds ended up in the&#xA;final data warehouse was an useful&#xA;exercise for us, even though we&#xA;didn't create them for everything.&#xA;It helped us to build up a much&#xA;better understanding of how the data&#xA;flowed through the system, that we&#xA;could ask the designers and&#xA;developers to review. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focusing in: Using known datasets for field-level and row-level tests for key business scenarios we'd identified&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defocusing: as integration&#xA;testing was our main focus, we also&#xA;wanted to widen our search again to catch any scenarios that we hadn't considered, so&#xA;as well as identifying specific&#xA;tests, we also grabbed a lot of&#xA;actual data generated by the test source&#xA;systems and reviewed that to see&#xA;what other nasties turned up. (Quite&#xA;a few, as it happened - this was very productive for us and caught a lot of issues that would have broken the production batch run).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't forget flow tests - extend your scenarios over time, for instance don't just have single orders that get processed through, have an order that's raised, updated, amended, cancelled, re-opened, processed. Messy, ugly, &lt;em&gt;real&lt;/em&gt; stuff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T19:17:29.113" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T19:17:29.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="327" CreationDate="2011-05-09T04:47:20.730" Score="9" ViewCount="4747" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the things that I miss about WatiN is the ability to attach to browser instances that were not spawned by Selenium.  In my last position, this was the whole reason why I used WatiN, as the browser was always spawned by another application.&#xA;I was hoping that I would be able to do this through &lt;code&gt;.getWindowHandle()&lt;/code&gt; and then &lt;code&gt;.SwitchTo().Window(string)&lt;/code&gt;, but this doesn't seem as though it's the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The ability to do this is invaluable when it comes to writing and debuging scripts and do hope that I'm either doing something wrong, or that it's on the roadmap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:16:24.623" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:16:24.623" Title="Attach to browser not spawned by Selenium2" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="318" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="320" CreationDate="2011-05-09T05:21:17.947" Score="16" ViewCount="1503" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say you have product or project that is coming near to a next release and that has previous versions released a while ago and that has a big suite of automated user acceptance tests that just take too long to run, from one day to two. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How often do you run these?&#xA;How do you handle bugs (failing tests) in such a large suite of tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="196" LastActivityDate="2020-03-04T13:27:03.383" Title="How often do you run long automated user acceptance tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="317" CreationDate="2011-05-09T06:16:44.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is indeed possible in Selenium 2. You could get window handle and switch to one on them. i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(handle);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more on this look &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html#moving-between-windows-and-frames&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-09T06:16:44.777" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="318" CreationDate="2011-05-09T07:54:20.107" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;If they can be run unattended, run them over the weekend every week.&#xA;That'll give you enough run-time, and enough break between runs to fix bugs and perhaps improve the automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for analyzing the results, that's a different issue. I have found it useful to group the results into features or categories. That way, I can quickly see from the result set where the biggest problems are, and focus on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for handling bugs, it depends on the quality of the result returned and on the nature of the bug. Results should include more than just pass/fail. They should include the relevant error message, test action and parameters, and version details. This is so that they are easily turned into bugs. If that's not possible, then they are relatively easily reproduced manually and logged as bugs that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-04T12:58:54.910" LastActivityDate="2020-03-04T12:58:54.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="318" CreationDate="2011-05-09T08:15:53.083" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. For me, every time there is a deployment to test environment we would run the automation. What might change though is the number of test cases that we would run and the number of machines that we would use to run them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After we go-live with 1.0, we normally hand select a number of key test cases, that give us a high-level test pass. This test pass would be to give broad coverage across the features, targeted to quickly identify the areas that might need more attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a potential of a real risk of test escapes vs execution time balance here. I would also increase coverage in areas that a) have recently been changed and b) areas that are known to be historically unstable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another challenge, is that if the application that is being tested changes, you really need to run all the tests to keep them in good, working order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-04T13:00:35.133" LastActivityDate="2020-03-04T13:00:35.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="318" CreationDate="2011-05-09T12:18:28.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd agree with Bruce, it depends.  If your requirements need these to run more often fit them in where you can.  Otherwise what you may need to do, if you can afford it, is to set up an environment to constantly run them.  I did this in one company where we needed to continually run these tests and did it in a Longevity environment where the tests always ran, and we just updated the version there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know not everyone has the capability for this, and I don't in my current company, but when you have long tests that you need to run and you have to do it somewhere it is an option.  For places where I don't have newer environments I run these in off times, weekends or vacation days, or whenever.  Otherwise, I select a representative subset and run those as often as I can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-04T13:00:53.410" LastActivityDate="2020-03-04T13:00:53.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="328" CreationDate="2011-05-09T13:52:36.020" Score="13" ViewCount="672" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to maintain automation framework for  different browsers like IE and FF?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my current set up, I maintain two different configuration properties files, one with xpath locators that FF supports and one with DOM values mostly for IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I tried to do is switch between the Properties files so as to support the respective browsers when running , Is there a better way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T10:32:12.260" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T10:32:12.260" Title="Maintaining automation framework for different browsers like IE and FF" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="324" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="325" CreationDate="2011-05-09T14:09:27.360" Score="3" ViewCount="4372" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a good Mockito tutorial. I found some things, but either they are incomplete (which means: if you need something a bit more complicated than the basics, forget it), or they are badly explained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know some tutorials well written and covering at least all the major topics of the library?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastEditorUserId="88" LastEditDate="2012-02-19T18:37:57.470" LastActivityDate="2012-02-19T18:37:57.470" Title="Looking for a valuable Mockito tutorial" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="324" CreationDate="2011-05-09T14:17:26.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mockito's &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.mockito.googlecode.com/hg/org/mockito/Mockito.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt; is actually pretty awesome, you should it give a try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also the mockito &lt;a href=&quot;http://monkeyisland.pl/category/mockito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; that covers some ideas and features behind mockito&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-05-09T14:17:26.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="287" CreationDate="2011-05-09T14:50:15.407" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I performed some BA in addition to QA w/my previous employer &amp;amp; there is no doubt in my mind I tested much more thoroughly as a result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I did not expect was this: the developers were plumb crazy about the requirements documents that I wrote because I integrated the technical details with the customer's &quot;wants&quot; in a way they could relate to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it's been at least 6 years ago, I remember them stopping by my desk and thanking me for those requirements. How often does that happen? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-09T14:50:15.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="317" CreationDate="2011-05-09T15:49:59.113" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am actually not entirely sure you can switch to a window not spawned by the driver.  I think the people working on the selenium 2 project have worked a little bit on switching to a window spawned by a different driver.  When you do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;driver.getWindowHandles()&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All you get are the windows spawned by the driver object it is called on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-05-09T15:49:59.113" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="323" CreationDate="2011-05-09T15:54:47.833" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use selenium 2 and have recently started testing IE in addition to firefox, and there were a lot of problems that came up while trying to test IE.  Mainly, we used xpath to define just about everything.  For firefox this seemed to work fine.  But there was something about the way IE and selenium used xpaths that never really worked for us.  Our first big task was to go through all of our tests and use xpath as little as possible.  Almost always there was a simple way to change it to check for an id or a class_name.  I don't see how the DOM values you use for IE do not work for firefox as well, could you perhaps elaborate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-05-09T15:54:47.833" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-09T21:21:35.557" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of key things that I have learnt are key to have easy to maintain, reliable automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Map your controls in a single place&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your controls should be mapped into a single location, so that if a control changes, you only need to change it in a single location. Having it in a single location allows you to make a one line code change if a developer re-maps the controls. I also map the control type so that the developer can change from a link to a button, and all I need to do is change this control file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract the test automation tool where possible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I essentially have three actions that I perform 99%  of the time, &lt;strong&gt;Invoke&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Setvalue&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;GetValue&lt;/strong&gt;. Invoke will click a link or button, check or uncheck a checkbox etc. SetValue will put values into controls, like putting text into a text box. GetValue gets data from the controls, which is primarily used for verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each automation action, for example performing a search, will only call these invoke, Set and get methods. This allows almost full abstraction of the underlying automation tool, it also allows you to have a single place in your code where the lower level control specific methods are called.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use regular expressions to map your control names&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A previous commercial tool that I used would cut of control strings at 256 characters. Many applications, like asp.net can dynamically create control names based on their location in page controllers. Using regular expressions lets you define the control in a way that the developer can move it anywhere on the page and your tests will still run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Create test data objects to hold your test data&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I create test data objects that normally map pretty close to 1:1 with the controls on a page, then I create an expected and actual object, then pass these objects around the various layers in the stack. Creating additional tests in some cases can then be as simple as using an existing test with different data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Separate the test from the implementation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Separation of concerns is a key technical design principle that you should apply from your tests. The intent of the test case should be separated from the physical implementation that does the interaction with the page as much as possible. For example instead of ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test] &#xA;public void SearchOnGoogle()&#xA;{&#xA;  using (var browser = new IE(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;))&#xA;  {&#xA;    browser.TextField(Find.ByName(&quot;q&quot;)).TypeText(&quot;Stack Exchange&quot;);&#xA;    browser.Button(Find.ByName(&quot;btnG&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;    Assert.IsTrue(browser.ContainsText(&quot;Stack Exchange - Free, Community-Powered Q&amp;amp;A&quot;));&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your tests should, at the highest level have a domain specific API so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test] &#xA;public void SearchOnGoogle()&#xA;{&#xA;    SearchEngine.WebSearch(&quot;Stack Exchange&quot;);&#xA;    SearchEngine.Verifcation.WebSearch(&quot;Stack Exchange - Free, Community-Powered Q&amp;amp;A&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void WebSearch(string value)&#xA;{&#xA;     ControlHandler.SetValue(Controls.txtSearchValue, value);&#xA;     ControlHandler.Invoke(Controls.btnSearch);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For indepth information about this topic read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thebraidytester.com/downloads/CaptureTheEssenceOfYourTestCases.pdf&quot;&gt;Capture The Essence Of Your Test Cases&lt;/a&gt;  by Michael Hunter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-09T21:21:35.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="330" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="344" CreationDate="2011-05-10T02:45:35.893" Score="10" ViewCount="1151" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anybody worked on testing Cassandra DB which is a NOSQL distributed DB?&#xA;What are the important things to be taken into account while doing this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="196" LastEditDate="2011-05-10T16:51:39.470" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:09:18.877" Title="Testing NOSQL DB's like distributed Cassandra" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="331" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-10T03:28:34.067" Score="1" ViewCount="404" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard as well as followed concept of keeping UI objects in external filed (xml or properties files in java). But there are times when I need to keep the objects with in test because I use them dynamically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example consider one html table with div having uniquq id. The div could have n number of links. I need to read their innertext. So I would be doing -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(int i=0; i&amp;lt;=CSSCount(div[id='unique']&amp;gt;a);i++) {&#xA;    print(selenium.getText(css=div[id='unique']&amp;gt;a:nth-child(i)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I have app object available in test class it self, that is - css=div[id='unique']&gt;li:nth-child(i) as I need to iterate through its elements. Is it possible to externalize such app objects also?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:54:33.217" Title="Can external object repository be used with dynamic objects?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-10T12:14:09.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used Excel for this in the past, it's cell limits were one way to enforce terse descriptions and notes so the cases did not get too big.  It allowed us to make one worksheet with the cases and pull them into other sheets for scenarios so we could test the steps in different conditions.  It was a little bit to set up but once we learned the system it was fairly easy to do, it also allowed us to summarize results within the Excel document and then roll up the summaries into a higher level document that covered all of the case; the company liked Excel so we used what they wanted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expected results we usually kept small when we implemented this, the idea was to only know enough to verify the case, not write down everything about it.  Although as Todd says, if you don't find the information pertinent don't add it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T12:14:09.193" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-10T12:14:09.193" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="333" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="403" CreationDate="2011-05-10T12:42:15.073" Score="4" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen some SQA groups use defect arrival or &quot;discovery&quot; rates in order to determine whether a piece of software is ready to be released.  The idea is that the rate at which defects are uncovered will slow to an acceptable level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are these techniques?  How is an &quot;acceptable&quot; defect arrival rate determined?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edit:&lt;/em&gt; Daniel's answer gives a nice list of items.  To elaborate on the question: what are the methodologies that allow setting of appropriate rates of decline / discovery of defects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edit 2:&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.weibull.com/hotwire/issue84/relbasics84.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This link shows an example of the methodology&lt;/a&gt;.  Has anyone used this or something like it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="44" LastEditDate="2011-05-11T10:44:20.797" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T10:44:20.797" Title="What data-driven techniques exist for determining that enough testing has been done?" Tags="&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="330" CreationDate="2011-05-10T13:25:46.347" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Just begun to play with one of implementations of no-sql, so only that I can advice to you is my guess + actually I'm not QA engineer, so advice is not formal. &#xA;However, hope it will help.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what to take into account:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eventual consistency(is time required for getting data consistent on write acceptable);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fail-safety(will data stay alive if one of, let's say 5, nodes falls);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;schemes with transitive circular references(for instance, how db works with something like &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;-&gt;&lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt;-&gt;&lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt;-&gt;&lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;. Db that played with sometimes fails when I try to retrieve such data);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe later I'll remember more stuff to check ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="222" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T13:25:46.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="323" CreationDate="2011-05-10T13:46:57.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use CSS Locators as much as possible. They are native and run well on IE. Just consider the IE cannot handle many CSS locator logics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a list of currently supported CSS locator logics under browsers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc351024(v=vs.85).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc351024(v=vs.85).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is a link to currently available CSS locators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/CR-css3-selectors-20011113/#selectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/CR-css3-selectors-20011113/#selectors&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T13:46:57.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="336" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="506" CreationDate="2011-05-10T14:00:52.150" Score="29" ViewCount="3048" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I've tried my best to keep this question non-subjective so am not asking which blogs are definitively &quot;the BEST&quot; but instead am using the opportunity to just try to broaden my scope of reading around the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am already reading blogs by Michael Bolton, James Bach, Alan Richardson, Dorothy Graham, the Google Testing blog (James Whittaker) and the Weekend Testing blog. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can anyone make some further recommendations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:13:51.297" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:13:51.297" Title="Blogs to follow to further learning" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="21" ClosedDate="2011-05-18T18:33:14.117" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-10T14:12:40.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe not a comprehensive list, but, here's some of my favourites, not including the ones that you've already mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingclub.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club&lt;/a&gt; - Not just blogs, but, a great source of information, and does aggregate many testing blogs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eviltester.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Evil Tester&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rbcs-us.com/blog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RBCS blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testertested.blogspot.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tester Tested!&lt;/a&gt; - Pradeep Soundararajan's blog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.testyredhead.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testy Testy&lt;/a&gt; - Lanette Creamer's blog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thesocialtester.posterous.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The social tester&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T14:12:40.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-10T14:14:31.657" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://angryweasel.com/blog/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testapprentice.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testapprentice.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testing.gershon.info/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testing.gershon.info/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="215" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T14:14:31.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2011-05-10T15:25:42.513" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I liked &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471358460&quot;&gt;Testing Computer Software&lt;/a&gt; by Kaner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="222" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T15:25:42.513" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T17:25:44.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-10T15:39:17.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd also add:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sqaforums.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.isthereaproblemhere.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.isthereaproblemhere.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.questioningsoftware.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.questioningsoftware.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.practicalqa.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.practicalqa.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T15:39:17.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="295" CreationDate="2011-05-10T18:20:19.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think a truly complete introduction to Selenium 2 is non-existent actually. But the project is still in beta-phase so it is a little understandable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For C#, I would recommend starting here :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/design-of-selenium-tests-for-asp-net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/design-of-selenium-tests-for-asp-net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone is looking for something less specific, The best I could recommend is going over the project's wiki : &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/w/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/w/list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially those ( preferably in that order) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/NextSteps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/NextSteps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/DesignPatterns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/DesignPatterns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good place to look for more information on Selenium is the official Selenium blog :&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="216" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T18:20:19.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="295" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:06:38.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the Google Groups site is as good of a place as any for information:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.google.com/group/webdriver/topics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://groups.google.com/group/webdriver/topics&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="98" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:06:38.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:10:18.393" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a list of blogs (from my blog).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/p/people-in-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/p/people-in-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lots of good ones in there...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:10:18.393" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="330" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:22:28.147" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you really need to interested in is testing each component in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration level and above becomes more challenging to test. If you are using automated tests then these cannot rely on putting data into a database and expected it to be there straight away. There is a replication time that you would need to wait which could significantly slow down the tests. While unlikely, there are reason that this could be in excess of 30 seconds or so if the connection between databases is broken so how.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An approach that I would go down would be to focus significantly on unit testing each of the components with the data layer mocked. This will allow you to ensure that the rest of the application is functioning correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leaves you to determine if the data access layer is functioning correctly. For this a once through the application driving it from the UI will help you determine if the application is writing and reading data from the NOSQL database. You may also want to write a small set of integration test to check this automatically for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially the main problem you will encounter is the replication of data between database. You will also need to remember that there are scenarios where someone could delete a record on one node, and someone else could edit it on another node while the deletion event has not replicated. Does you application handle this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="230" LastEditDate="2011-05-10T20:09:18.877" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:09:18.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="317" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:26:47.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You definitely won't be able to for Firefox (since selenium starts that browser with a selenium xpi ~ plugin file and is how it can control it). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure about how IE is started, but I'm willing to bet it would be possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure about chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="247" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:26:47.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="311" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:30:31.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to reduce your 11- or 12-dimensional cross product into a manageable number of combinations.  I have had some luck using all-pairs (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-pairs_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-pairs_testing&lt;/a&gt;) testing.  Once you reduce your test space using all-pairs, you ought to be able  report the results in a spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:30:31.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:35:56.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would probably use selenium to drive the UI testing in the browser for ASP.NET. The UI test will be more brittle but they will give you an accurate indication if you application works correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find that mocking the items you have shown will still need you to test that they function correctly through the UI. So you might as well push the testing up to integrated UI testing and drive them through a browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T08:39:20.940" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:39:20.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:42:26.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you haven't yet, follow these guys. These are the guys that everyone else in the other mentioned blogs are following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Bolton: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/blog/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;James Bach: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="57" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:42:26.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="76" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:47:35.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I write independent tests so that I have the option of running them in isolation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a test depends on another test, it may be because the antecedent test sets something up that the dependent test requires.  Some test frameworks (e.g. JUnit) let specify that the specified setup login should run exactly once for a set of tests, no matter how many tests are in the set.  You may be able to refactor your tests to leverage that feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the setup process is lengthy, you might want a way for the setup process to persist a &quot;setup finished successfully&quot; flag that your tests can interrogate.  For example, if your setup involves populating a database in a certain way, you might want to add a &quot;setup complete&quot; table that contains a row only if the setup was successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:47:35.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="331" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:51:12.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you want to do here is change the approach to finding the object, rather than finding the object by id add a consistent class attribute to the each of the divs that you are interested in and find by class rather than the id attribute. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(int i=0; i&amp;lt;=CSSCount(div[class='row']&amp;gt;a);i++) {&#xA;    print(selenium.getText(css=div[class='row']&amp;gt;a:nth-child(i)))&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can place the 'row' attribute or whatever you decide to call it in a external resource file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:51:12.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:53:13.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I try to understand whether they actually like testing or whether they're using testing as a stepping stone into development.  What you do with that information depends on the organization, although if they don't actually want to test, you may have problems with the quality of their work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:53:13.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-10T19:57:05.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being a simple person, I just subscribed to Rosie Sherry's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/reader/shared/user/01950759537487304585/label/softwaretesters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com/reader/shared/user/01950759537487304585/label/softwaretesters&lt;/a&gt; in my google reader and get a lots of great software testing blogs in one subscription.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T19:57:05.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="353" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:03:07.867" Score="11" ViewCount="1981" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working as Android developer and been presenting about Android testing with the main SDK tooling, Robotium and Robolectric and running builds on Hudson. It looks like there is a lot of interest but not many people are doing this yet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you are doing any automated Android testing. What are you using? What are your pain points? What would you love to see?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if not, why not (yet). What is holding you back? How do you QA otherwise? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pointers on what people in the field are doing would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remark/Edit 2011-11-27:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this stage the question is sort of open ended (could be a community wiki like on stackoverflow). I presented a 4 hour &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simpligility.com/2011/11/testing-android-applications-going-from-zero-to-hero/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;workshop about testing at AnDevCon 2&lt;/a&gt; and found out about &lt;a href=&quot;http://simpligility.com/2011/11/news-about-testing-android-apps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;some new development and available tools&lt;/a&gt; as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="257" LastEditorUserId="257" LastEditDate="2011-11-27T17:46:28.210" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T14:51:33.850" Title="Android application testing" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:05:26.287" Score="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cem Kaner, James Bach, Bret Pettichord: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;This should be on any tester's desk - it's a set of 293 short pieces about different aspects of testing, from testing techniques to automation, to documenting your testing, to managing your career. It's probably the book that gets picked up most by colleagues (well, ok, the Manga Guide to Databases might just beat it, but that has the unfair advantage of being a technical book with a picture of a fairy on the front). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jerry Weinberg: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0932633692&quot;&gt;Perfect Software: and other illusions about testing&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;This is the book you want to get your project manager to read. Weinberg nails so many misconceptions that people have about what testing is, and what it can do for the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lisa Crispin, Janet Gregory: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot;&gt;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;If you're working on an Agile team, you'll want to read this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lee Copeland: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/158053791X&quot;&gt;A Practitioner's Guide to Software Test Design&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; book to read on test design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:05:26.287" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T17:25:44.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:06:43.647" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This depends on the organization.  Where I have worked, QA teams tended to prioritize breadth over runtime or simplicity of setup.  The &quot;QA environment&quot; may require some special settings and configuration for mock objects, fake data, and so on.  Developers, on the other hand, prefer tests that run quickly so that they can be integrated into their edit/build/run cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think a better division of labor is for QA to run the tests frequently (e.g. after every build or daily) and make the results available to developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:06:43.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="193" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:15:54.513" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen tests written that way, but if your test suite depends on each test always cleaning up after itself, your suite will be fragile; a bug in one test may cause a propagation of false positives (or false negatives) in subsequent tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you can make tests independent by partitioning the environment.  For example, if you are testing a application that supports multiple users, you might want to run each test (or each group of tests) as a different user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:15:54.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="359" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:19:14.070" Score="17" ViewCount="7624" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been looking at calculating the ROI on automated test on a project that I've been working on. However, I'm a little stuck when it comes to determining a good method for this. Simply counting the defects found when executed on the continuous integration sever doesn't really help as many developers run the test locally before checking in code, so I can accurately count how many defect have been found. So my question is how would I calculate this? My gut feeling is that they have massively helped, but I need to quantify this!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T13:19:59.253" Title="How do you calculate your return on investment on automated tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:23:40.293" Score="17" ViewCount="3381" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked in a variety of environments with differing ratios of QA / SDET personnel vs. developers focused on building and maintaining application features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there such a thing as a &quot;right&quot; ratio?  My suspicion is that things vary a lot, but what factors should be considered for the number of staff?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="263" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:12:51.060" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T00:09:51.720" Title="What factors should affect the ratio of QA/Test staff vs. App Developers" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:25:58.767" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way I can think of is to base it on how many hours the qa people are saving by not having to regression test all the scenarios covered by the automated test.  If the response is they wouldn't regression test it, the answer to that that they should.  The ideal scenario is that the entire application should be tested from one release to the next, but this in most situations just isn't possible.  This is where automated testing really gives lift.  You can have the QA subject matter expert write up the scenario, and then not worry about having to test it again.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="67" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:25:58.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="54" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:31:32.363" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, make sure you can back up your concern with some objective data, e.g. bug counts from your bug tracking system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you tell them depends on your relationship with the developer.  If you trust and respect each other, you can try showing them your objective data.  They may not be aware that they're delivering a lot of bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have a strong rapport with the developer, it may be more productive to talk to your QA manager (if you have one), the development lead, or the dev manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that there may be many reasons for the developer's higher bug count; e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer is pressured by management to go too fast&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer is unfamiliar with the technology their using&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer has a lot of distractions (e.g. involvement in sales calls or customer support issues)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer doesn't understand the requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer doesn't believe it's important for this particular deliverable to be high-quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tester is especially good at finding bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tester is more picky about bugs than other testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:31:32.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="358" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:34:01.597" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;No - there is no &quot;right&quot; ratio. The answer depends on the product (is it a web service providing junior hockey scores, or a space ship?), and the roles that programmers and testers play on the team. I've seen highly successful teams with a 15 or 20 to 1 programmer to tester ratio, and teams with a 1 to 1 ratio that made crap software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the high ratio example above, programmers wrote unit tests, functional tests, and worked with testers on acceptance tests, integration tests, and many levels of reliability, performance, and scale tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the 1:1 example I'm thinking of, the programmers would give their code to the test team as soon as it compiled and deal with a huge amount of back and forth as quality was slowly beaten into the program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, of course, you can make great software with a 1:1 ratio, and crummy software with a 10:1 ratio - what's important is that you figure out who does what in the pursuit of quality and that everyone knows what their role is in the effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:34:01.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="375" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:34:31.580" Score="32" ViewCount="241756" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I use xpath locators and slowly converting to CSS.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I haven't found a way to do an exact match based on text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example converting &lt;code&gt;//a[text()='Log Out']&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know you can do &lt;code&gt;css=a:contains('Log Out')&lt;/code&gt; but I want to match exactly to the text. Also I know I can do &lt;code&gt;link=Log Out&lt;/code&gt; but looking for a solution with CSS.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="286" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:05:18.353" LastActivityDate="2021-05-10T20:13:13.207" Title="A way to match on text using CSS locators" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="19" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:35:51.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't see this as an exact science so you need to make some assumptions. But if you can put some numbers, money or time, in what it cost to find a bug in development (&lt;code&gt;dc&lt;/code&gt;), test (&lt;code&gt;tc&lt;/code&gt;) and prod (&lt;code&gt;pc&lt;/code&gt;). You can then give some different scenarios, let say automation decreases the number of bugs found in dev with &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;, in test with &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; and in prod with &lt;code&gt;z&lt;/code&gt;. Then you have an estimate that is &lt;code&gt;total savings = x*dc + y*tc + z*pc - (cost of automation)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's a really simple model to get you started. I haven't used it myself but that's how I would start if I was to write an ROI for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="287" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:35:51.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:37:36.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First question: why do you feel that you &lt;em&gt;need&lt;/em&gt; to quantify this? Are you being asked to provide metrics? Would a qualitative evaluation be more valuable here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also sounds to me like you're focusing at the wrong level - i.e. on too small a group: it's not so much about making the testers more effective, or the developers more effective, but about making the team as a whole more effective. Can you get feedback from the developers about how it's helped them? Is there anything that it's allowed you to do that you wouldn't have been able to do before (turn around an urgent change in 2 days without having to spend 3 weeks on regression testing, for example, or add functionality partway through a project which let you keep/win a major customer), that would be appealing to your stakeholders? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't write an answer about metrics without linking &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/metrics2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cem Kaner's paper on metrics.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-10T20:53:34.287" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:53:34.287" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:45:12.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that automated testing will, for the most part, only catch things that &quot;flesh-and-blood testers&quot; have already caught. This is a good thing, because we want them thinking about new ways and things to test, not going over the same ground again and again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A rule we had at my last firm (and I'm trying to get at my present firm) is for every bug, there's a test to catch it. This has a big impact. If you have a bug, and you release a patch that says &quot;Hey customers, we have listened to you! We have fixed this bug you reported! Yay for us!&quot; and then it turns out you &lt;em&gt;didn't&lt;/em&gt; actually fix it, not only are they mad because you didn't fix, you've lost some trust from your customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So - how much is your customers trust worth to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:45:12.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:47:25.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't tell whether the OP is a tester or a developer.  I'll assume they're a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is difficult to measure the rate of return on the investment on automated tests because the relative cost and the return is speculative.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my personal experience.  In some cases, an automated test may be the only way to reproduce a problem or to verify that a change has made the product better.  In mosts tests, automated tests uncover bugs that manual testing may have uncovered anyway.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers who have the skills to write automated tests are more expensive that those who do not.  And testers who prefer to automate may, intentionally or subconsciously, avoid testing features that are difficult or cumbersome to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may make more sense to start by figuring out the rate of return of your QA organization as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:47:25.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="318" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:47:27.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mandatory:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every release (to the solution team)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every change on a daily load base that is core or affects more than&#xA;one already delivered functional areas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Huge number of bug fixes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optionally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Daily smoke/acceptance tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-04T12:59:42.870" LastActivityDate="2020-03-04T12:59:42.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="368" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="474" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:49:08.400" Score="12" ViewCount="6418" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand and practice most normal testing methodologies, however for systems with several distinct interacting processes testing obviously becomes a lot harder. Unit testing is often not possible, or preventively difficult. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am interested in the tools, techniques, and idea's for automated testing of large distributed systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found the following &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.archive.org/web/20110206012841/http://code.google.com/edu/parallel/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;video presentation&lt;/a&gt; from a google engineer about some of their testing techniques. Do know of any other similar presentations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="299" LastEditorUserId="15717" LastEditDate="2015-12-29T04:36:15.000" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T04:36:15.000" Title="Testing Distributed Systems" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="331" CreationDate="2011-05-10T20:54:33.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from stuartf's comment, I would suggest an approach where when you want to implement things like &quot;as I need to iterate through its elements&quot; to implement them on a generic method and not inside the Test class so as to reuse it (and then it is dynamic).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="82" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T20:54:33.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="371" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-10T21:04:06.777" Score="-2" ViewCount="621" Body="&lt;p&gt;What comes to mind is &lt;code&gt;Make&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;build.xml&lt;/code&gt;, but I have not found a comprehensive &lt;code&gt;Orchestration&lt;/code&gt; tool for &lt;em&gt;python&lt;/em&gt; testing yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="306" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-06T11:14:38.310" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T11:14:38.310" Title="What would be a good test Orchestration tool for Python unit tests?" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2011-05-10T21:07:28.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's hard to put a price on catching a bug before it goes out the door to a customer. It may be a small problem that can be corrected in the next release, or it may be the showstopper that keeps you at the office frantically trying to fix it so that you can get it to the customer as soon as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are relying on your automation to check functionality so that you can avoid checking that functionality manually before shipping, then I believe the ROI can be calculated for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hours your team has spent on similar customer issues,  emergency or otherwise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer's satisfaction and trust in you as a vendor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T21:07:28.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="373" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="447" CreationDate="2011-05-10T21:10:31.793" Score="5" ViewCount="1564" Body="&lt;p&gt;So right now to run my Selenium 1 tests I use a custom Firefox Profile that sets when I launch my Selenium Server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to properly set this profile to run in Selenium 2? I've tried setting the FF profile using &lt;code&gt;new FirefoxProfile(&quot;path&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; however that doesnt seem to work. What it DOES to is delete everything in that path folder(weird, I know). Can I use the Selenium Server to tell Selenium 2 what to use? Or does this just not work in Selenium 2b3 yet? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="174" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:45:07.313" Title="How can I run my Selenium 1 FF Profile in Selenium 2 C#?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="358" CreationDate="2011-05-10T21:15:50.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't believe there is a 'right' ratio. Factors I would consider requiring a closer ratio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience of the QA person with this particular module since newcomers will need a learning curve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience of the developer with both coding and the particular module (as I have had more than once to have to explain functionality to a developer)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The scope of the feature being added since complex features need more time (hopefully they are done early to accommodate to allow for more time to test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time to production (do I need to &quot;borrow&quot; testers from another dept or team during a crunch time, or is there very little pressure? ha ha)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are the developers running any unit testing or doing any peer reviewing? (Pretty please)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What other deliverables are due in this time frame? Service pack releases, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much risk is the company willing to take if the ratio is way off target from where it should be? (push back the date? lessen complexity? bring in more troops? etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T21:15:50.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="362" CreationDate="2011-05-10T21:23:32.213" Score="25" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;css=a[text='Log Out'] or a[innertext='Log Out']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please try this one out? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if that doesn't work and you still don't want to use xpath because it's slow, you can always try: &lt;code&gt;link=Log Out&lt;/code&gt;. That's still better then xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So i found a possible solution for you mate. If you are trying to find an exact String you could always use Regular expression like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;css=div:contains(&quot;^ab$&quot;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just replace div with a and there you go. This will find ONLY AB in whatever text div it looks for. OFC if you have more then one links with text AB (which is a bad thing :P ) then it will find them all..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this and see if it helps. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastEditorUserId="153" LastEditDate="2018-10-09T10:16:57.417" LastActivityDate="2018-10-09T10:16:57.417" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="373" CreationDate="2011-05-10T21:35:25.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now this is how selenium works. It creates profiles on each and every run. Every run means a new, blank profile. This is done so that nothing can interfere with previous test runs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said... You can cheat it to handle profiles and not delete them by starting selenium server with the parameter: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-firefoxProfileTemplate &quot;C:\Documents and Settings[your login name]\Application Data\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\selenium.default&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the server will start with this parameter and will use the setting in this profile and will never ever delete them. Everything you set there by hand will be there when you run an automated test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helped.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers,&#xA;Skarlso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T21:35:25.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="32" CreationDate="2011-05-10T21:36:34.087" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest option is to just mark the line as ignored by your coverage tests.  You know more than coverage.py does, you can just excuse the line from the measurements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if __name__ == '__main__':     # pragma: no cover&#xA;    return main(sys.argv) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use some tricks with coverage.py to get it to &lt;a href=&quot;http://nedbatchelder.com/code/coverage/subprocess.html&quot;&gt;measure code in launched subprocesses&lt;/a&gt;. This sounds like the thing you are really looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="320" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T21:36:34.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="119" CreationDate="2011-05-10T21:44:41.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find that automated tests in general can be very useful for ensuring that older functionality isn't getting broken by new code, and I have seen new bugs in new code uncovered by old regressions tests.  I try to test as much functionality as I can without the UI, and then do some additional integration tests to make sure the UI is calling the right functionality after the functionality itself has been verified.  This practice results in far more maintainable tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to avoid UI testing whenever it is not necessary to get the information I want from that test due to the maintainability costs.  In my experience, UI automation does less to reduce technical debt compared to other forms of automation because of this ongoing maintenance debt.  I prefer to write more maintainable functional tests first, and then test the UI manually if I run out of time (all else being equal, that is).  Of course, some projects have a higher UI test maintenance debt than others, and automation efforts should be prioritized accordingly.  The two main sources of maintenance issues in the projects I worked on were UI changes and timing changes.  UI tests tend to timeout if they don't see expected behavior, so one failed test doesn't block execution of the remaining tests, but there is often noise that can also lead to timeouts and false failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I do finally get to the point where UI testing is the highest priority automated testing remaining, I find that some issues with UI testing can be greatly mitigated by good design.  All timeout values and CSS / XPath / accessibility navigation / etc. strings should be in one place, where they can be easily configured.  Although I hadn't heard the name, I've learned with trial and error to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/4/building-slow-to-break-regression-tests&quot;&gt;&quot;Page Object&quot;&lt;/a&gt; technique, and it helped a lot with our UI test design.  Good communication with developers is also a must, to avoid investing a lot of time writing tests that will immediately be broken due to a UI change.  Developers can also often design their code to be as testable as possible by other automated tests, so you can minimize the surface area you are targeting with UI tests to just examining the GUI logic and the interaction with the rest of the code, and not functionality testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T21:44:41.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="119" CreationDate="2011-05-10T22:03:47.837" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, our automated test suite can and does find critical bugs. Not very often but just off the top of my head I can think of two occasions when it did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with the answers above that the main benefit of automated tests is freeing up your human testers from performing repetitive tasks and so allowing them to concentrate on the really intelligent testing they're good at. &#xA;I would add though that the regression tests we automated were among the most important areas of the application (most frequently used by our end users) so when the automated tests did catch bugs they were really, really important ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T22:03:47.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="387" CreationDate="2011-05-10T22:10:36.227" Score="37" ViewCount="4079" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, this sentence means that automated tests don't find new bugs in &lt;em&gt;existing&lt;/em&gt; code (though they might catch a new bug in new code that breaks old code).  Is this correct?  Or is this piece of wisdom actually claiming that regression tests rarely catch regressions in practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, is this statement wrong for automated exploratory testing (e.g., fuzzing, randomized inputs to data-driven tests) that can end up running specific tests that were never run before and finding unexpected exceptions, hangs, or program crashes that indicate bugs?  Would it be more accurate to say that automated checking will not find new bugs in old code?  Or am I still missing the point of this statement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This seems like a commonly cited piece of tester wisdom, so I really feel like I need to understand both what the statement is getting at, and any exceptions to its correctness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:14:49.207" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T11:00:51.560" Title="What is meant by &quot;Automated tests don't find new bugs&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2011-05-10T22:15:35.293" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The theory behind it is that an automated test will only catch exactly what it tests for. Since someone had to code it manually, someone is aware of how it will fail. By this definition it's not a new bug - someone already knows about it when they write the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One could argue that it can catch new bugs, but not new symptoms. A lot of it depends on semantics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also contend that your point about fuzzy testing is contrary to standard testing philosophy: if you run the same test with the same input, it should have the same output. A fuzzy/random test will not satisfy this condition. That's not to say it may not give useful information, but it does not fall under the umbrella of what people typically refer to when they say &quot;automated testing.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-10T22:25:06.680" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T22:25:06.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2011-05-10T22:16:55.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take something you know well and just see how your interviewee would approach testing it from the highest level and describe their thought process before they begin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably want to know more &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; they think rather than whether they do it the &quot;right&quot; way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="327" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T22:16:55.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-10T22:17:37.147" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, but I typically will try to find an open source tool that does most of the heavy lifting and add my customizations to it. This way, you are able to add value quickly without being bogged done developing infrastructural stuff yet again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: We needed to build a test framework to test an HL7 (Healthcare) Information Appliance (take HL7 data in one form, map it to a different form and version), loads of rules and data, so an excellent candidate for automation. I found an opensource tool called Mirth, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mirthcorp.com/products/mirth-connect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mirthcorp.com/products/mirth-connect&lt;/a&gt; which is rather popular in the healthcare world, it has all the HL7 goodies, validators, connectors to files, database, web services and scripting facilities in short all the infrastructure you would ever need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We built our test framework on top of that and we were adding value (finding defects) within scant few days. Now almost 3 years later this solution is still very much alive, running all the regression tests (100K) on a very frequent basis and now is completely integrated in the tool chain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I must say that it mostly captures regression errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="203" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T22:17:37.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2011-05-10T22:42:11.997" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't like the statement because it assumes that the only thing you can automate are regression tests. If you rewrote the statment as &quot;Regression tests don't find new bugs&quot;, then I think it's accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often write automation (e.g. performance, data driven, or model-based tests) that find new bugs - and I think the automation effort is incomplete without some sort of automation beyond regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T22:42:11.997" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="358" CreationDate="2011-05-10T22:42:25.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no answer that is &quot;right&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As much as I would love to say that the main influencing factor for most companies is the target quality of the application, however that is not my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The single biggest factor I have seen over the years is that defines the ratio  is available budget that the company is willing to spend, and a lot of companies value lower costs over quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can give you some real numbers from my past projects for reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me the highest I have ever seen in Australia is probably 1:3 (so one test per three developers), with 1:5 or higher (less testers) more commonplace. The types of applicaions being developed are large, corporate level commonly internal web based applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think when you get to commercial software, then the ratios need to go up, as the number of tesitng configurations increases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, If I am testing an internal only applicaiton I will typically only need to test on one browser. For a public, internet deployed site, you need to test many, many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing software on the iPhone and you need to target all devices ever shipped including iPod touches there is now something like 12 hardware devices, with three 4 major OS versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that in mind, I tend to focus on delivering as much &quot;bang for buck&quot; from the available headcount that I have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the biggest ways I have seen to tilt the scales in your favour is an effective test automation suite. The reason that is a big factor is that it can essentially &quot;free up&quot; your testers from manual regression to be more effective elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are trying to justify a larger staff, I would recommend to use metrics to support your case that you need a higher ratio, then capture the results for future reference and justificaiton to your peers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-10T22:54:02.040" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T22:54:02.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2011-05-10T22:52:45.957" Score="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;If test automation does the job it is intended to, when a defect is introduced, it should be found and fixed very quickly, hopefully within a single daily cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is how the automation suite is working, then automation should become a &quot;barrier&quot; that prevents new bugs from being created in code that is already working and tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you think of it like that, a good working automation suite will find few, if any, new bugs, but it should prevent new bugs from being introduced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indirectly, however, automation should free up testers so they can perform other exploratory and manual testing activities, which will find bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, test automation does in fact allow new bugs to be found, just not in the way you would expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On fuzzing, I haven't seen that type of testing in widespread use, and it doesn't feel very efficient to me (other than in a security testing context). I consider the use of test data generators, using equivalence methods and boundary testing to be more effective in finding issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T16:08:02.490" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T16:08:02.490" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="76" CreationDate="2011-05-10T23:01:23.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Failures during the actual test are not the only problem with dependent test cases.  You can have a failure during the checking phase that can cause a problem with your dependent testcase, for example.  You could also have a sporadic problem that only affects one out of twenty cases for the first test case.  If your cases were independent, you would have a 95% chance of still successfully collecting the second result even when the first test case failed.  I would also expect independent tests to be easier to repeat multiple times in a row - such as a tester would do when trying to reproduce a sporadic bug - although that might depend on your test framework(s).  These arguments might not be adequate where very high amounts of execution time are at stake, but they are additional factors to consider.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes good product design and testability features can help with execution time, especially when verifying basic page elements (e.g., Button X calls function Y), where the process of getting there and the state along the way is less important than the final step.  In web apps, for example, it can be helpful to just navigate to pages via the address bar instead of via the UI, and good design can make that possible in more situations.  However, you will still have some end-to-end tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basic approaches I see at that point are prioritization, and parallelization.  Prioritization is just running the test cases most likely to find the greatest number of higher-priority bugs frequently, and running the rest of the tests only occasionally.  Cases that should be prioritized are those that are most likely to be impacted by current code changes, and those that cover the most ground for their execution time.  Parallelization means having multiple machines running the test cases at the same time, and is becoming more possible with virtual machines (which don't work for all programs, but are a great option for many apps using GUIs) and cloud services like Amazon Web Services.  In general, having more machines working is usually cheaper than having testers put tons of effort into super-efficient tests (especially when those efforts could be put into finding new bugs instead!).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T23:01:23.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="390" CreationDate="2011-05-10T23:03:06.317" Score="15" ViewCount="1629" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find a way to test the interactions of our platform with external servers, like Twitter, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On our online photo sharing application, we have, for example features which let the user publish a content on his/her Twitter feed. The code relies on Twitter4J.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we write an automated test to check if a tweet was really sent to the feed, publishing photos on Facebook etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difficulty is: I can hardly modify the API in order to make my specific test, and of course, I have no influence on the external system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-13T10:35:42.880" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T03:46:16.333" Title="Testing interactions with external systems" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="389" CreationDate="2011-05-10T23:13:24.180" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the fundamentals of testing is isolation - how do you make your test environment as isolated as possible. When you're dealing with internal resources, this is fairly easy as you have complete control over the environment. External resources, not so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this instance, I would recommend you create a couple test twitter accounts. (I would hope it's not against their TOS, I would check this first.) You might have TrarothTest and TrarothTestFollower. You could have it auto post to TrarothTest, and then wait to verify that TrarothTestFollower has acquired a new tweet from TrarothTest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you're dealing with accounts you have complete control over, isolating the environment as much as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will run into things from time to time you can't control with this. What if twitter is down (and what would hipsters do while twitter is down? :-O) or someone drives a shovel through your local fiber line running out of town? In this case, it would seem you need an alternative: a locally hosted twitter site. It might be a lot of extra work to maintain, but you could send the traffic to your local site and make sure it's what you would expect. Then simulate the tweet and &quot;verify it happened&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-10T23:19:26.253" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T23:19:26.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="389" CreationDate="2011-05-10T23:29:51.290" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I generally prefer to create the majority of my tests using mocks, in this situation, so I don't have to worry about whether Twitter is down, inaccessible, slow, or has users getting annoyed by a large number of posts that are just for tests.  With mocks, you are less concerned about the end behavior and more concerned that the API is being called correctly.  Mocks, at the very least, present an API that looks like the external API and can be called in an identical fashion (you use a configuration parameter that the developers or your product provide to point at your mock service) and return a value.  Smarter mocks can be set up to &quot;playback&quot; certain values when their API methods are called, so you can also get back responses like the ones you expect (after setting the responses up earlier in your test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could reduce your dependence upon Twitter itself, but you would still need to do some end-to-end testing using mock accounts at some point.  You might be able to just use manual tests at that point, if getting automation to work with Twitter turns out to be more difficult than you expected - but hopefully Twitter's API allows for easy automated checking that your code is interfacing properly.  Glowcoder discusses this process in another answer, so I won't reiterate that explanation :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-10T23:29:51.290" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-10T23:34:59.460" Score="3" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a asp.net mvc site that depends deeply on a 3rd party web service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know what is the best approach to develop this site since the web service is not ready yet and I can't wait it to be ready to start developing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Specflow and selenium to drive my development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="337" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-07-13T21:44:08.090" LastActivityDate="2011-07-13T21:44:08.090" Title="BDD with 3rd party services" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="393" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="398" CreationDate="2011-05-11T01:42:25.447" Score="4" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm quite interested in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scipy.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Scipy/Numpy project&lt;/a&gt; which is basically a Python scientific computation/numerical methods library. I'm also interested in testing. What are some good approaches for testing such a library, or any software library? There already are extensive unit tests, which run pretty well. But what would an acceptance test look like? Thoughts? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T12:18:11.573" Title="Approaches to Testing a Scientific Library" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2011-05-11T01:47:43.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Part of the wisdom here comes from the fact that the automated test shouldn't find anything new, otherwise you didn't test the code before creating them. The only &quot;new&quot; bugs an automated test should find are the ones that 1 tester can't do manually by themselves, such as some multi-user stress tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="347" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T01:47:43.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2011-05-11T01:51:41.460" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm sure that the automated tests have helped and there should definitely be a ROI present.  The question is, since there are several different types, what kind of ROI are you getting for the automated tests you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time savings - This one should be more quantifiable than other types of ROI.  Time savings comparing manual test execution to automated execution should be useful in building a good case.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeatability - Automated tests are executed precisely the same way every time they are executed.  This might not seem like a big return, but consider how many steps would need to be executed manually if these tests were not present and then consider how many mistakes might be made with that effort.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Traceability - Automated tests (usually) provide some type of evidence of execution. It could be a traditional log or a simple pass/fail output from execution, but either way, automated tests can keep better track of what was measured during execution and provide the data with less variation than a manual tester. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Availability - Automated tests can be kicked off manually or automatically to run at any hour of the day.  They don't get tired, sick, or take vacations, and they can be made to work weekends without special arrangements. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just a few off the top of my head, but you will be the best person to determine where these tests benefit you the most.  Sit down and really think about the positive additions these test have provided for your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="301" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T01:51:41.460" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="396" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-11T01:59:48.553" Score="10" ViewCount="2019" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked for companies that have little documentation for their applications, and most of it is probably comments in code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is a person, who is placed in the quality assurance department, suppose to verify that an application is doing what was intended to do; if there are no requirements documents and they are just told to &quot;play around&quot; or &quot;read the user manual&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="347" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T02:00:44.600" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T02:00:44.600" Title="How do you provide proper tests when there is little documentation" Tags="&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-11T02:31:23.670" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Playing around&quot; and documentation like user manuals can definitely provide a start to developing tests, but they should just be a beginning.  Properly testing that an application is doing what it is supposed to requires more domain knowledge.  End users who have been using the application and know what it is supposed to do can be a good source for creating tests.   Requirements or early specifications for the application can also be helpful in generating tests.  In order to make sure that the stakeholders are actually getting what they want (and to make sure you are not testing the wrong assumptions) from testing, once the tests are planned out, the requesting manager/stakeholders should approve and sign off on the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="301" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T02:31:23.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="393" CreationDate="2011-05-11T02:41:14.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;An acceptance test is supposed to actually simulate the actual functionality a user would use. For example the acceptance test of using an email application would involve both logging in and opening the inbox. You may have a unit test on logging in, and a unit test on opening the inbox, but the acceptance test says that the two actually work together to give the user some functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key point:&lt;/strong&gt; acceptance tests are written by the customer (or at least from the customer's point of view.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how is the library being used? When I think of most libraries I use, each piece of the public API of that library is independent of the rest of the public pieces of the API (i.e. I'm not forced usually forced to use one part just so I can use another part. Not &lt;em&gt;usually&lt;/em&gt;.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For most libraries (as opposed to applications) the unit tests will give you the same information as acceptance tests will. It would seem strange for extensive unit tests to pass, and yet the library not be in a user-acceptable state. But, like any product, I would find out how your users are actually using the library and try to write a test around it. You might take some open source applications that use your app and compile against them, and run functional tests on those. If your changes break the app, it's a good indicator that the users would actually be displeased with that build of your library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T02:41:14.237" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-11T02:57:48.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an extremely common problem in software development.  There are many testing resources in an organization: support team, end users, documentation writers, and the bug database.  Utilize these resources to help determine potential problem areas and common use cases to focus your testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="349" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T02:57:48.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="400" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="633" CreationDate="2011-05-11T03:00:55.583" Score="18" ViewCount="2936" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a similar vein to the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/336/blogs-to-follow-to-further-learning&quot;&gt;blogs to follow to further learning&lt;/a&gt;, I would like to ask if there are any noteworthy testing podcasts? Searching in iTunes domes up pretty empty on the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there are heaps of development ones, are there any good testing podcasts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: This would be community wiki, but the feature on questions appears to have been removed.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T10:33:44.623" Title="Software testing and QA podcasts" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-11T03:11:14.900" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A strategy that I commonly use is that I will put my &quot;end user&quot; hat on and then test the system like it was an application that has been deployed to the general public.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will make a number of assumptions as to why things are the way they are, and document them. I will then take those assumptions and have them checked by whoever I can, ideally subject matter experts, stakeholders and end-users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So esentially I document assumptions, which are used in leiu of requrements and align my testing to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst this is far from ideal, at least I can get some of the job done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T03:11:14.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="333" CreationDate="2011-05-11T03:16:30.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of ways to do this; some of the data points I have used in the past are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build breakage: is the automated build compilation/test failure rate going up or down?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming an Agile development model, are the user stories complete and have they been reviewed by QA + stakeholders&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has the code freeze been effective?  Are developers still checking in new features?  This usually means there is more testing to be done&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a lot of code merges going on at the end of the project?  This tends to cause instability and could be a sign you need to do more targeted testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated testing confidence.  The better your automated test coverage, the more confident you can be when the code changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any blocker bugs left open?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the find rate of critical bugs increasing or decreasing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="349" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T03:16:30.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="410" CreationDate="2011-05-11T03:19:07.160" Score="4" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since it is not possible to acquire all s/w and h/w under the sun, we often resort to using virtual machine, user agent, multiple IE etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have had instance when I did not find an application functioning on a virtual machine especially multiple IE but when approached another colleague having the desired configuration, it worked well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given such instance I began to doubt using such simulation for testing. Do you also test using such simulation than actual device. Do you trust in testing using such simulation than using actual device?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:59:02.190" Title="Do you test using VM, User Agent, MutlipleIE etc?" Tags="&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="400" CreationDate="2011-05-11T03:22:05.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;May be this - &lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/google-videos-cem-kaner/id212658036&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/google-videos-cem-kaner/id212658036&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check this also - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codingqa.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.codingqa.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T03:22:05.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-11T04:49:52.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yeah what the others wrote basically. Also, when you are on an AGILE project you will encounter as less documentation as it can be. So you have to get creative on how to test applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the above are very good starts and ideas on how to begin from zero. Basically you have to talk to people and generally assume things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT! Be weary! Testers NEVER assume anything and never believe in one thing. Always make sure that you have multiple perspectives to one feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T04:49:52.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="404" CreationDate="2011-05-11T04:53:42.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We at &lt;em&gt;CensoredCompanyName&lt;/em&gt; almost only use virtual environments. We are using massive clusters of VM Ware for each employee. That is over 1000 people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have very few dedicated environments and we did not encounter any problems with that. Maybe your configuration or VMWare software is flawed or the problem might be somewhere else? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to assure you... We are using VMs for years now, without any problems from installed software or any problems in productivity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure however what the company uses as VM software but I'll find out for you if I can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:59:02.190" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:59:02.190" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="404" CreationDate="2011-05-11T05:01:42.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The truth of it is every install of an operating system is different. Your goal when testing is to make sure your environment is as controlled as possible. This is both easier and harder with virtual machines. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantages are that you can create a brand new machine from an image in a matter of seconds. This lets you have the application get a fresh install (so no corruption from previous tests.) Control over your environment is paramount.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The major disadvantage is the shared processor/memory state. This is where your control over the environment starts to fall apart. What if someone else is doing something intensive and you don't have the resources it says you do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my last job, we used VMs for our automated nightly tests and it worked out great. We knew they had the resources and a fresh environment. We also had VMs of the various systems we supported. It worked like a charm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Welcome to the era of the cloud.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record, we used VMWare. I'm not endorsing it or anything. It was easy to use, but I don't have a standard of comparison, nor did I do too much of the heavy lifting (although I did write Groovy integrations for starting and stopping VMs and that was pretty easy.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:58:48.657" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:58:48.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2011-05-11T05:09:20.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated test find one thing, feature, or unit of the product or codebase. It doesn't actually try and automatically find new features of the codebase or new code paths. It's the test creators responsibility to design tests for new features and code paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="352" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T05:09:20.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="404" CreationDate="2011-05-11T05:21:28.757" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, virtual machines are fine for testing, as they will give the same results as real machines for 99% of functional tests.&#xA;However, there are some things that should be tested on a real physical machine before you can declare the test passed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drivers, and anything else in kernel space. VMs are completely real to the operating system, but sometimes the abstraction leaks. This is usually only apparent in the very low levels of the operating system, where the VM may not react exactly the same as a physical box. For these cases, at the very low level of the operating system code, you should test on physical machines and not VMs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CPU Architectures and specialized compilers. VMWare can simulate x86 and x64 compliant CPUs for your VM, but it can't really simulate different processor architectures. In previous projects, I've had to use physical boxes to test a driver on Itanium machines, and to see the differences when using the Intel compiler, which means compiling and running on an Intel CPU. These things are not good for virtualization, for obvious reasons.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance testing and benchmarking for load and stress. In VM setups, the real physical resources are shared between all VMs on the host machine. Even when CPU cycles and RAM are partitioned, network and IO are still shared. This means that you can't really do performance testing, and certainly not benchmarking, on VMs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing is, that even with the above exceptions, where I think VMs cannot be used effectively, I still use virtual machines for 98% of my work in any given year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:58:16.140" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:58:16.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="400" CreationDate="2011-05-11T05:22:20.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;On se-radio.net there are some episode on testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.se-radio.net/2007/10/episode-70-gerard-meszaros-on-xunit-test-patterns/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.se-radio.net/2007/10/episode-70-gerard-meszaros-on-xunit-test-patterns/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.se-radio.net/2010/02/episode-155-johannes-link-lasse-koskela-on-tdd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.se-radio.net/2010/02/episode-155-johannes-link-lasse-koskela-on-tdd/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.se-radio.net/2010/06/episode-164-agile-testing-with-lisa-crispin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.se-radio.net/2010/06/episode-164-agile-testing-with-lisa-crispin/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.se-radio.net/2010/09/episode-167-the-history-of-junit-and-the-future-of-testing-with-kent-beck/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.se-radio.net/2010/09/episode-167-the-history-of-junit-and-the-future-of-testing-with-kent-beck/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't mind the german accent of the interviewer there is some realy valuable information in there. Some other episode metion it as wel just search the site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="354" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T05:22:20.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="412" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="413" CreationDate="2011-05-11T05:28:43.560" Score="6" ViewCount="1355" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why (&amp;amp; how) do Static and Dynamic testing complement each other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="356" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-07T19:50:50.667" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T19:50:50.667" Title="Why (&amp; how) do Static and Dynamic testing complement each other" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;static-testing&gt;&lt;dynamic-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2011-05-11T06:36:16.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take this requirement example for a calculator program -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Calculator should accurately do division of two numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After static analysis (testing) you might say -&#xA;requirements are incomplete as it does not clearly states that up to what decimal points calculation is to be done. &#xA;How round off is to take place. &#xA;What should happen in case of division by 0 scenarios etc etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But only after dynamic testing you could say, if program actually -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Computes division till expected decimal points&#xA;If round off operations works right&#xA;If appropriate prompt is really displayed for division by zero scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did you see how static and dynamic testing complemented each other in this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By and large I see both static and dynamic testing to work towards early defect detection in software life cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T06:36:16.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2011-05-11T06:55:40.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Static testing is reviewing the program code without executing it. Its focus is mostly on the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code maintainability, ie making code more readable by humans;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finding out typos and other silly mistakes in code (like typos in variable names, off-by-one errors, etc);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reviewing algorithms used by programmer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While static testing only is insufficient, it is a great technique to prevent bugs early in development cycle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastEditorUserId="102" LastEditDate="2011-05-11T08:17:34.863" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T08:17:34.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="392" CreationDate="2011-05-11T07:20:51.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can create mock response files of that web service and use them during development of your site. I assume that general structure of web service response is already established.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T07:20:51.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-11T08:10:04.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would also like to add...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.utest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.utest.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testinggeek.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testinggeek.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingminded.com/2010/04/top-100-software-testing-blogs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingminded.com/2010/04/top-100-software-testing-blogs.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.buzzle.com/articles/software-testing-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.buzzle.com/articles/software-testing-tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="205" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T08:10:04.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="333" CreationDate="2011-05-11T08:55:05.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that there can be such a concept as an &quot;acceptable&quot; defect &lt;strong&gt;arrival&lt;/strong&gt; rate, in the sense of a target number as you typically want to discover them as fast as possible. So, in english, you want to find as many bugs as you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key way to read that metric is that you want a consistent arrival rate over time, i.e. you want the defect arrival trend to be fairly flat and never zero, say between 15-25 per day as opposed to 2 one day and 50 the next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have your bugs being discovered consistently, you want to look at the bug fix rate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simple answer is to average the number of bugs fixed per day, and divide the total number of bugs by the average. That is approximately how many days until you reach zero bugs. So, if you are fixing 5 bugs per day and you have 200 active bugs, the earliest that you will ship is in 40 working days time. If you want to ship sooner, you will need to stop adding features and focus on fixing more bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same information can be used in reverse to calculate a maximum allowable bug count. Say you only have 40 days until your desired ship date, and you are fixing 5 bugs per day as in the previous example. If you active bug count is over 200 today, you will probably miss your target. This number continuously decreases so in 2 weeks time, with 30 working days to go, your bug count should be at the 150 mark if you are going to hit your ship date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T08:55:05.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2011-05-11T09:32:10.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Static testing from the developers viewpoint is testing that is done on code without running the application or the code itself. Common ways to perform static testing on code is to run code analysis tools (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tools_for_static_code_analysis#Commercial_products&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia list of commercial products&lt;/a&gt;) or security analysis tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the wider testing context, static testing is any form of testing where the application is not used, and this takes the common form of requirements review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key benefit that static testing provides over dynamic testing is that the bugs that it uncovers are commonly much cheaper to fix, and it can be performed early in the SDLC before the application can actually be run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the application has progressed far enough in the development cycle, static testing normally takes precedence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also expect that projects where the testers are only engaged late, after development is well underway, static testing will probably not even be considered.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T09:32:10.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="420" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="421" CreationDate="2011-05-11T09:43:07.587" Score="4" ViewCount="1124" Body="&lt;p&gt;For non-functional requirements as performance, one can find simple metrics to measure the software quality. If you want to know, for example, if your system's performance got better or worse after some code changes, you can compare the time taken to perform certain actions (ideally all actions) before and after these changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For functional requirements, however, whether the system got better or worse since the previous version is a more subjective issue. A simple comparison of the number of failed test cases across versions may bring misleading results, as this does not account for the importance of the test case nor the impact of the problem on the user experience. One could even try to give appropriate weights to the test cases according to their importance, but I think the rules to assign the weights would themselves be subjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of metrics can be used as an indicative of how well a piece of software meets its functional requirements? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="371" LastActivityDate="2019-05-14T12:40:24.813" Title="What kind of metrics can be used as an indicative of how well a piece of software meets its functional requirements? " Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="420" CreationDate="2011-05-11T09:59:02.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I define my test cases, (Normally in Team Foundation Server) I cross reference them to the requirements. Then, as they pass or fail I use that as a way to determine if a requirement has been delivered or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once all the test cases have passed to, it is the testers, not the developers who set the requirement from 'Ready for test' to 'Built'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is how I get the two key measures there that you refer to in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trend of the requirements being set to &quot;built&quot; which we follow by UAT and setting them to &quot;Verified by customer&quot; is the indication of how well it meets the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test results trend over time, gives the long term, version-to-version view of how the software maintains that quality over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T09:59:02.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="420" CreationDate="2011-05-11T10:02:58.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for usability you can measure time spent on given scenarios or run a survey among users to asses ease of use, readability etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T10:02:58.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="423" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-11T11:14:56.360" Score="73" ViewCount="16357" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a developer my knowledge of best QA practices, etc., are limited to know just enough to get me by writing unit tests, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a tester's point of view, what testing procedures should the developer ideally have gone through before signing off a project to the QA team to be tested? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously this will vary based on what development methodology is in place, so different answers based on different methodologies would be fantastic. I don't want to step on any toes but at the same time I don't want to be passing over completely untested code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on my first sentence, should I just sharpen up my knowledge in this field?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="377" LastEditorUserId="196" LastEditDate="2011-05-14T04:34:46.910" LastActivityDate="2021-04-21T00:34:54.060" Title="What kind of testing should a developer do before passing a build to the QA team?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="26" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T11:37:54.253" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my organization, we try to have a developer and a tester sit down before writing any code to have exactly that discussion - because the answer will probably be different for each feature you implement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing is a given in my team - but more often than not, the tester and developer will also automate GUI tests up front too.  That way the core business logic is tested when the feature is passed to QA - leaving testers to conduct exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T11:37:54.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T11:45:58.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have Developers test their code by doing a build and deploying it to the Development environment, and verify what they can in the new environment.  If there are other changes in the build they need to coordinate with others to make sure testing is done.  In other environments Developers would write out simple plans and switch them with each other, so each Developer is testing code they did not write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd check with your QA team and see what they would need, at a minimum what you should have done is enough to verify that the build will not crash when started in the QA environment so they don't waste time installing a build that will not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T11:45:58.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T11:50:28.133" Score="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although unit tests are normally good enough, it's nice to see a developer ensure that they've run a process from start to finish, not just the unit tests.  Because the types of tests that should be run vary greatly with the type of application, I would discuss with a testing point of contact for the product.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With new developers to me, I usually ask them if they'd be comfortable with installing the software in production without being tested by QA and taking responsibility for any defects(never really serious about it).  This tends to get them thinking of types of tests that I hadn't even thought of!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T11:50:28.133" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T11:53:46.137" Score="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;What has worked well for me is the following steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer makes their best effort at writing good code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer gets a code-peer review from another developer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer runs their unit tests, and checks that they all pass.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer and the tester sit down for a review:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer walks through with the tester to let them know what is being delivered, any related changes and any areas that aren't finished yet so that bugs aren't logged in those areas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tester runs through the tests that they have written for the feature . This allows the developer to review the tests and ensure that they make sense.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tester takes a few minutes to execute some high level test and walk through the feature with the developer. Any obvious bugs are fixed on the spot, without logging them in the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With the review complete, the developer checks in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tester then formally tests the feature in the next days daily build.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst on paper this may seem really onerous, we found it to be really effective in flushing out and fixing a lot of obvious issues really quickly and cheaply as we haven't touched the defect tracking system yet, and that saves everyone time in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T11:53:46.137" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-11T11:54:32.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm big into aggregated &quot;planets&quot; and I think &lt;a href=&quot;http://tap.szabgab.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Automation Planet&lt;/a&gt; is great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many of the blogs listed above are also aggregated into this single RSS feed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T11:54:32.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="420" CreationDate="2011-05-11T12:07:14.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there's a single, magic, metric to give you that.&#xA;You can measure some common metrics and combine them somehow to determine the quality of the software. For example- number of covered requirements like mentioned above (very misleading by itself since we don't know how good the coverage is), number of low-med.-high severity bugs found in this version and whether they are all closed (not sure how to interpret the results though) etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T12:07:14.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="393" CreationDate="2011-05-11T12:18:11.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Define your view of the term acceptance test first, although it usually agreed to be something like &quot;testing from the customer perspective&quot; each company have variations on it, for example by choosing different customers- a customer can be the end user of a calculator or a developer using the library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T12:18:11.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="353" CreationDate="2011-05-11T12:43:05.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tricky part of testing any Mobile application is mobility.&#xA;Although it seems unrelated at first, moving your mobile device can affect running applications. I've seen offline applications crashes when the phone went out of cellular coverage or a call was incoming.&#xA;What's the solution ? do at least some field testing on real device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T12:43:05.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="435" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="452" CreationDate="2011-05-11T13:02:10.820" Score="3" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an embedded system consisting of multiple processors working in different speeds, with different resources, all communicating through dedicated channels using a proprietary message protocol.&#xA;The unit under test are the mentioned channels. There is no insight into the actual data over them (those are internal buses, so scopes or logic analyzers can't be used) I am using a top-down approach using high level tests to infer that the underlying code is really working.&#xA;Anyone tested similar systems and can share tips on testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T17:10:27.860" Title="testing embedded asymmetric multiprocessing system" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2011-05-11T13:05:19.047" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can very quickly think of three benefits that should be somewhat measurable. &#xA;(1) Freeing up testers from the monotony of repeating regression tests and allow them to focus on new development and areas that need their attention.  Add up the time they are not spending on regression &amp;amp; show how that goes to new projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) Accelerated testing window.  Especially when R&amp;amp;D is checking in code frequently, catching a regression problem sooner gives them a much narrower window of when the bug was introduced.  Think about it, if I can say Test X passed 3 days ago &amp;amp; failed today, the developer only has 3 days of code to worry about instead of 3 months worth.  Track how quickly those are caught compared to the days of manual regression. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) Provides a much better level of testing for smaller releases.  In service packs, patches and hot fixes that have a very tiny testing window you there isn't always time to manually run the regression tests, but if they are automated you now have the option of running those tests even in that short time.  Count the number of regression tests run in a service pack that never would have been possible before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T13:05:19.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T13:40:14.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of these suggestions are great. I have only thing to add. When a bug is fixed in 1 platform, since code is sometimes shared with other platforms, please test the other platform(s) too to see if the bug exists there. Especially with customer bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T13:40:14.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2011-05-11T13:49:52.850" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience i feel what ever questions need to be asked should be practical ones rather than theoritical. &#xA;I have come across few of my friends who have just mugged up on theoritical knowledge and have cleared interviews, in reality they have no practical knowledge(I am talking wrt to lateral hires).&#xA;Based on project requirement and the knowledge required that a tester should have,a set of questions has to be prepared along with few basic standard questions.&#xA;It is best to avoid questions on asking different types of testing i.e what is black box testing,white box testing,exploratory testing and so on.. People get in answering such questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T13:49:52.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="439" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-11T13:52:24.473" Score="4" ViewCount="664" Body="&lt;p&gt;Version control for test assets is a no brainer, but dropping a Rational Functional Tester directly into VC hasn't been easy.  Attempting to use a tool like Subversion with multiple users modifying the same project has exposed issues with corrupted object maps and required additional reformatting of these maps when committing to avoid this problem.  Can anyone provide a good method or tool that they use to keep their RFT project versioned properly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: One of the major issues we noticed with using Subversion and the RFT project was that merging changes to the object map by more than one person had problems.  The map is kept as a single line XML file, so when two different resources change it and Subversion attempts the merge, it fails when comparing the two single line XML files. We discovered a way around this with some reformatting, but I was hoping for a more elegant solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="301" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-06-14T00:31:07.230" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T20:18:57.587" Title="How to version a RFT project" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2011-05-11T13:56:14.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dynamic testing is usually related to tools testing some common dynamic aspects of the software, for example- detect memory leaks, thread deadlocks, monitor resources usage etc.&#xA;Basically those tools get a build tree (source files, makefiles) and work on them independently- no one needs to define the tests themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Static and dynamic testing complement each other since they both test objective, common aspects of software irrelevant of your implementation, but each uses a different approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_program_analysis#Examples_of_Tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia has some tools examples&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T13:56:14.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="353" CreationDate="2011-05-11T14:14:49.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We build our own automated testscripts partially using Robotium and Android's &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/monkeyrunner_concepts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MonkeyRunner&lt;/a&gt; we found that this was the best way to maximize the kind of tests we could automate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that is a pain of course is the time it takes to run our tests. We integrated it into our build server, but we run the tests overnight. Running all these tests for every release (esp. when a deadline is v. near) isn't practical we found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A further limitation are tests for apps which require hardware drivers like FM radio. Here we can't use an emulator and need a dedicated device. We can't of course test things like app behaviour with / without headphones inserted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still think there's no replacement for manual testing, &amp;lt;&lt;strong&gt;blatant_plug&lt;/strong&gt;&gt;my company has developed a tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.apphance.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;apphance&lt;/a&gt; which aims to streamline mobile test development &amp;lt;&lt;strong&gt;/blatant_plug&lt;/strong&gt;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="391" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T14:14:49.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T14:17:36.340" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm also a firm believer in the idea of developers peer review. Since adopting this methodology at my place of work the quality of work has significantly increased. The new set of eyes provided by peer review are frequently finding more efficient ways to write code or picking up errors that would have otherwise been missed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This said there is always the matter of available resources / size of the project; a small team might not be able to effectively peer review all new features while simultaneously sustaining their regular work flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally as obvious as this sounds I would encourage you to clearly inform your testers of all changes that you make to your code (no matter how small). There have been countless times when new features have been implemented but because the relevant work items were never updated with specific enough details I never knew the new feature existed; until I stumbled across it by accident during exploratory testing that is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is even more important if your testers have a large amount of automated tests (as the smallest change can cause these tests to begin to fail).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastEditorUserId="81" LastEditDate="2011-05-11T14:44:28.960" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T14:44:28.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-11T14:25:37.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on how your brain is wired.  Personally, I start by drawing pictures.  After  reading the documentation and playing around with the site, I like to diagram what I understand about the product.  I grab the biggest sheet of paper I can find and draw a graph of entities managed by the product, relationships between entities, user roles, actions performed by those users.  As I draw the diagram, I will encounter issues I don't understand.  I keep a list of those issues, and once the list is long enough, I find an expert who can help me with them.  (If you interrupt someone every time you have a question, you risk annoying them.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the expert has time, show them the diagram.  They'll probably be impressed that you invested the time the understand the product, and it may tell them that it's worth their time to answer your questions.  They may be able to spot mistakes or omissions too.  (They may even ask for a copy.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if the product is big, you may not have time to diagram that whole thing.  That's ok; you can start with the piece your boss has asked you to focus on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have the diagram, it's a lot easier to put together a high-level test plan, followed by individual test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T14:25:37.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T14:53:40.190" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no hard and fast rule for what kind of testing a developer should do before handing off to QA.  It depends on the developer, the QA team, the organization, and the product.  Testing is a means to an end, not an end in itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing is to pay attention to the quality of what QA receives and the quality of the released product.  If the quality at either of those points in time isn't what you want it to be, your organization needs to look at where the problems are.  The problem might be with a particular developer who writes a lot of bugs, but it could just as well be, for example, a fragile third-party package or a vague or unstable set of requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, here is a prioritized list of what the developer should test before handing off to QA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The product still builds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The product still installs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The smoke test passes, i.e. the parts of the product that are essential to the most fundamental kinds of testing still work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The most positive obvious test cases (by whatever definition is available) all work.  In other words, if you are just trying to use the product, it should work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The  negative test cases all work.  In other words, if someone tries to break the product, they can't.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T14:53:40.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="435" CreationDate="2011-05-11T15:13:44.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past when I've tested embedded systems I've used the debug and diagnostic tools the developers have created for their own use. I suggest you have a chat with the developers and see what tools they have and if necessary what tools they could add to help you test the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T15:13:44.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T16:09:48.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;At an absolute minimum, a developer should ensure that the software:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compiles (if applicable)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;installs (if applicable)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;runs (open and/or log in)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit tests pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any of these fail, then there is no reason to go on to further testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you may want to have an automated &quot;smoke test&quot; that runs through the basic functionality and verifies that there are no major errors when taking all the common paths through the system. If a smoke test of this kind exists, it would also make sense for it to be run before handing the build off to the QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="99" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T16:09:48.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="373" CreationDate="2011-05-11T16:15:49.763" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The preferred method in selenium 2 is to programmatically build your profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private static FirefoxProfile CreateProfile()&#xA;{&#xA;    var profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;&#xA;    profile.EnableNativeEvents = false;&#xA;&#xA;    profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.dir&quot;, Configuration.TemporaryTestDataShare);&#xA;&#xA;    profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;, 2);&#xA;    profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;, &quot;application/pdf;application/msword;text/plain;application/octet&quot;);&#xA;    return profile;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next you can assign the created profile to the FirefoxDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new FirefoxDriver(profile)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The great benefit of this method is that you won't need to have a selenium profile in some place on your disk. When you use grid 2.0 later on to do distributed testing, this will make things a lot easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="404" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:45:07.313" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:45:07.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="448" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="450" CreationDate="2011-05-11T16:36:59.853" Score="16" ViewCount="8344" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my firm, we don't really have a QA department. If you've followed some of my &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/180/how-to-deal-with-testers-who-do-more-than-test&quot;&gt;other&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/149/1-5-million-lines-of-code-0-tests-where-should-we-start&quot;&gt;questions&lt;/a&gt; you know essentially, we have no automated tests and our 'testers' are the analysts who design the projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I recently brought up the idea of a more formal (I actually used the term 'industry standard') QA department, I was told &quot;The decision was made to go to a lean development process.&quot; Turns out that decision was made about 7 or 8 years ago. Only in the last 5 months have I convinced them to move to a 2 week deploy cycle (it was 3-4 months before) and only in the last month are they cutting a 'build' that goes for the 'testers' to test. Also, any changes necessary are made to that 'build' (the code is able to be compiled or interpreted, so modification is easy.) The reason 'build' is in quotes is because it's really just a copy of trunk, with the most recent changes put higher up in the path so they get found first, and it all gets interpreted on the fly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it seems there's a fundamental misunderstanding of what &quot;lean development&quot; is. They had a QA department in the past, but were bothered by their lack of productivity. Of course, we know that a QA department isn't 'productive'. If you look at it from a manufacturing point of view (which they do,) QA by definition hinders productivity by increasing the chance of failed and extended-time projects. (We've tried using the argument that QA for software is like QA for the products they manufacture. They don't see it the same way because there's government mandates for their QA, but not for the software.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I convince them that a formal QA will benefit the company?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2019-09-28T18:37:57.177" Title="How do I convince management that we need a formal QA department?" Tags="&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="448" CreationDate="2011-05-11T17:02:03.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Central questions here, i believe are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;How many bugs do users find after final release?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;How  serious are bugs in final release?&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that management just does not see the point of dedicated QA since they don't see lot of serious bugs in the final release. Exposing these bugs, showing basic bug statistics, conducting end-user satisfaction survey have a chance to convince them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T17:02:03.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="448" CreationDate="2011-05-11T17:05:07.367" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;This has got to be one of the most common situations a developer faces in a company without QA. Since I'm a QA professional, and not a developer, let me try to explain it from the QA standpoint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First off, QA productivity is very hard to measure. There isn't really an industry standard for how to do it, and it is very likely impossible. The return-on-investment, however, is a bit easier. QA are only human, so we'll miss 20% of bugs that exist on average. Now think of the issues you've had when the software went to production. Each software failure costs money, in time spent fixing it, in production halted, in lost revenue or somewhere else. Saving 80% of that money is always useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, bugs are always easier (read cheaper) to fix the sooner they are found in the cycle. A bug in design is 10 times easier to fix than a bug in code, which is much easier than a bug in production code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third, the metaphor I find that works for old-fashioned &quot;real-industry&quot; guys is that of HR or accounting. They're there to facilitate the core work of the business, even if they don't run the machines that make the products. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from that, I like to ask someone if they'd drive a car with untested motor-control software. The software &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; improtant, otherwise you wouldn't be doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T17:05:07.367" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="451" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="692" CreationDate="2011-05-11T17:08:18.510" Score="8" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/08/testing-vs-checking/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testers (Michael Bolton, mainly) make a distinction&lt;/a&gt; between &quot;testing&quot; (looking for defects using a variety of different methods) and &quot;checking&quot; (running a scenario and then verifying a set of facts which, if false, imply a defect in the product).  Under these definitions, checking is a subset of testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:  Most automated regression tests would be &quot;checking&quot;.  Manual testing that doesn't go &quot;off the rails&quot; would be manual checking, but as soon as a tester leaves a script and starts investigating other behavior, they've started exploratory testing.  Ad-hoc testing would not be checking.  Fuzzing and stability testing would normally not be &quot;checks&quot;, but automated exploratory tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like there are a number of cases where people say, &quot;Tests should have feature X&quot;, but then there are 10 exceptions to the rule.  However, many of these statements seem to be truer and clearer when stated as &quot;Checks should have feature X&quot;.  For example, &quot;Given the same inputs, automated checks should always produce the same outputs unless there is a change to the code.&quot;  However, there are many tests (stability, performance, semi-random input, etc.) that would naturally have some level of variation in their outputs that are useful but do not meet this criteria.  However, I also can see how this distinction could seem overly pedantic.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concluding question, or,&#xA;TL;DR: Is the idea of &quot;checking&quot; as a subset of testing a useful one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Edits to link articles / sources for this concept will be appreciated, if anyone here knows what I'm talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.P.S.  What I'm trying to get at is, 'Is a distinction between &quot;testing&quot; vs. &quot;checking&quot; like this useful', not 'Is it used?'  I know it's not a commonly used concept, but it is a concept that people have been trying to introduce. Does the concept of &quot;checking&quot; to describe a subset of &quot;testing&quot; help with communication about tests and testing?  Would it be a good thing to introduce it to tester / QA vocabulary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2011-05-19T16:28:10.307" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T02:26:47.723" Title="Is a distinction between &quot;testing&quot; and &quot;checking&quot; useful?" Tags="&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="435" CreationDate="2011-05-11T17:10:27.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Black-box testing is a very useful and necessary form of work in QA. If you can cover all inputs (including wrong ones, error corrected and so on), and get all the outputs correctly, it doesn't really matter what goes on inside for the purpose of certifying the channels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basics of QA are testing the product against the spec, and against conditions the spec hasn't thought of. As long as you satisfy that, you don't need the test every level of the machine. It helps to understand how it works, particularly for diagnosing the bugs, but it isn't an absolute must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T17:10:27.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="448" CreationDate="2011-05-11T17:32:12.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;How much of the developer time is currently being spent on maintenance activities?  Skilled QA doesn't just find bugs, but also helps increase other aspects of code and development quality, so that developers are often freed from mundane, low-level activities that eat away at productivity.  The result can be a huge increase in actual production (the word &quot;skilled&quot; is key here, though).  Furthermore, having a QA department should make it easier for your company to hire better developers and retain current developers, since the best developers will be used to working with QA.  The absence of QA could give possible hires the impression that your company is not a technical company, and doesn't take software development seriously.  You could use the argument that all the big technical companies invest huge amounts of effort into QA (Microsoft, Google, Amazon), and why would they if there weren't an advantage?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But honestly, I get the impression that management might just not be listening to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about your immediate manager?  Is he technical enough to be persuaded?  Could your team get away with &quot;work-around&quot; QA, where one of your devs takes a quarter or so to be an SDET, and the team rotates through this responsibility?  This isn't as good as a dedicated tester who is focused on nothing but quality in their career, but might be better than the current situation.  You will then have a person focused on finding ways the product can fail for 3 months or so at a time, and that is a huge improvement over only having people find ways to succeed and then investing a bit of effort into also making sure it doesn't fail.  If one person on dev is test-oriented, maybe you could convince management that a shift from SDE to SDE-T permanently would be warranted after a few months of trying the arrangement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best argument you might be able to make is finding a better job, and then jumping ship unless your current company gets a real QA department - or just leaving, and telling them why.  &quot;Voting with your feet&quot; is a valid option for employees.  Of course, that depends on how strongly you feel about this issue and what other pros and cons there are to working at your company.  I do get the impression that your company doesn't understand technology, but that doesn't mean that they aren't successful or that you are poorly compensated.  Just make sure that you stay current enough to transition to a more technical company in the future, and don't let your skills stagnate!  &quot;Career death by poor management&quot; is not unheard of in tech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR:  If management isn't listening, you can try working around them by making devs temporary SDETs or trying to move a dev to an SDET position permanently.  Otherwise, you might want to consider leaving for a more technically-savvy company and letting them know why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T17:32:12.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="448" CreationDate="2011-05-11T17:38:50.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use facts and data to backup your claim as to why you need a QA department. One thing on your side is the fact that you release every 2 weeks. One thing to begin tracking is the number of defects that occur per release, and also how many other releases/fixes do you have to deploy if you do find a bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you can factually explain faster development cycles and higher quality your case becomes a little easier, but it's still a tough road to hoe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T17:38:50.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="451" CreationDate="2011-05-11T17:41:05.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that I understand what you're talking about.  To myself at least, a check(s) is most definitely a part of a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The check determines if the system is producing the desired output given a certain input under in a specific state.  These checks are used to aid in your decision if the test passed or failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stability tests, performance tests, and the like rarely say that the test passed or failed as it would typically return a set of values for a human to read and make the decision of whether the test passed or failed as the automation that you are using can rarely determine the state of the environment in which it is in.  Say that you are running a performance test for a web application.  With a very small code change, you see that page load times have increased by 500ms.  According to your automated checks, that may seem as though it is a catastrophic failure.  When you look at the results however and ask about the state of the server that it was on, you find out that another team was running a load test on another intensive application on the same server.  In itself, this may also not provide any details, however, it would aid in your final judgement after running the performance test again and comparing the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not really the same anaology at all, but, I usually like to reference the following from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/08/testing-vs-checking/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Michael Bolton&lt;/a&gt; which is very similar to what you are describing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T17:41:05.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:07:52.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The development process should include as part of the deliverable, well written unit tests that accompany the software into the QA cycle.  Preferably, a Continuous Integration server would be configured to run the unit tests after QA test build completion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="414" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T18:07:52.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:16:39.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team started dealing w/ this issue by having testers either create a wiki page online or create a Q&amp;amp;A section on the existing wiki spec that the developers created.  All questions about vague areas in the spec are asked there, and all answers are documented there.  If you get an answer &quot;offline&quot;, you would document it there, then email the person who gave you that information and possibly CC other interested parties (e.g., the dev, the business owner) asking them to verify that you got the information recorded correctly.  Every so often, (every day or two at least, maybe more frequently depending on company culture), the testers email out the link to the Q&amp;amp;A page to the business owner, developers, appropriate management, etc., until all the questions are filled in.  Call out key questions to answer in the email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found that specs started to improve as this process was more heavily used, as people anticipated the kinds issues the testers were asking about.  The developers started getting better specs (or any spec at all!) from the business owners, and delays in testing were better understood, since no one will reasonably expect you to test without good information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T18:16:39.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="458" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:33:44.993" Score="4" ViewCount="245" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work on several projects were the client wants basically the same application implemented in both iOS and Android. At the end of the day, you have to test both - they are distinct pieces of software, just wondered if anyone has found any tips / tricks here. We've started doing client acceptance testing with one platform, then using this as a baseline for the 2nd platform - this kinda though turns into a 'spot the difference' competition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="391" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T07:26:39.813" Title="What the most efficient way of testing cross platform (i.e. iOS and Android) applications?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:33:57.380" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This really depends on the complexity of the project, the size of the team and the difficulty of integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit Tests. Everybody knows this, but it doesn't hurt to repeat. Run your unit tests to make sure your code still does what it should. This is particularly important for developers with code that doesn't need compilation (I'm looking at you, applicative DBAs).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration Tests. Whenever a project has more than two developers, it needs integration. You would not believe how many times I've had broken builds when one dev breaks an interface without telling another dev. These are also usually quite easy to automate, as they just involve an quick regression check of the unit test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoke Test/Preliminary Acceptance. These are quick (15 minute) tests run by the developers after a build to ensure that the build is good enough for QA. The best strategy I know for these is to get QA to write them and dev to execute them. That way nobody can complain about the others, and there is less feeling of time wasted. These are usually done per feature, and you only need to test what you've changed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated Regression Test. Another idea is to have an automatic test run right after the nightly build. The test compares the results of the new build to a known good build and reports any differences. We run the build at 0300 and the test at 0430. That way you have results waiting when you come in to the office.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those should normally deliver good builds to QA, which tends to improve the working relationship, among its other advantages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T18:33:57.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="458" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:36:35.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll want to create configurable fixtures / tests, so you can you the configured parameters to say, e.g.,:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(config.environment.Equals(&quot;iOS&quot;)){&#xA;    //do this thing (e.g., interact w/ UI button)&#xA;}elsif(config.environment.Equals(&quot;Android)){&#xA;    //do this slightly different thing (e.g., interact w/ slightly different UI button)&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows you to reuse automated tests and fixtures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are screenshot tools that might be able to help you . . . I don't know what they are, but I know that they are out there.  You might want to create methods that hide the environment dependencies for UI testing, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void ClickLoginButton(){&#xA;   ... //use a statement like the if-else above in here&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can write UI automation code like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void Login(string username, string password){&#xA;    EnterUsername(username);&#xA;    EnterPassword(password);&#xA;    ClickLoginButton();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g., mostly environment independent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, do as much functionality testing at the API level as you can (where environment is less key to test structure) to reuse tests.  You will still need your E2E tests and probably some manual UI tests, but this should increase test reusability.  Then you just make sure you have the right configuration files set up for your different environments that you test on, and test on both environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, I haven't dealt with hugely different OS's before, just different versions of Windows, so I could definitely be missing some subtleties that arise with this combination of OS's.  This worked for us, even with some annoying differences in OS's (XP doesn't have admin mode, Vista does, some UI changes, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2011-05-11T18:45:23.993" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T18:45:23.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:43:04.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, look for general requirements and work to document them. Some of these requirements come from previous versions of the application, some come from generally accepted usage. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must run on platforms x,y,z (perhaps because those platforms have always been supported)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must use abc database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must be able to process n records in m seconds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must be at least as fast as release n - 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must not consume more memory (or other resources) than release n - 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must not crash&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must not corrupt data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must use standards relevant to the platform (standard Windows UI, for example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must be consistent with relevant laws, regulations or business practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must not have any misspellings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must be grammatically correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must incorporate the company's usual look-and-feel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must be internally consistent&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must work in particular locales&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must be complete when expected by the stakeholders (perhaps for some event, such as a Beta)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's a web site or application, some additional requirements might include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must not be missing any images&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must not have any broken links&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must bascially work the same in all browsers which are officially supported by the company&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, interview the project manager or developers and find out what they intend to do with this release. Document the intentions and use them as requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solicit input from anyone who is a stakeholder in the project. Share everything you find with everyone and revise it as needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the product have a Help file or a User Guide? If so, that's a good source of requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do Sales materials exist for the product? Certainly the product should do what these materials say that it does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, writing all of this up as assumptions can go a long way toward gaining a consensus as to the &quot;real requirements&quot; you can use to test against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the system is at all testable, do some exploratory testing. As you find &quot;undocumented features&quot;, add them to the list of topics to be discussed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find out if the product is internally consistent. (This is an area I find to be very useful) Even if I know nothing at all about a product, I assume it must be consistent within itself, and within the environment in which it must operate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for external standards within which the product must operate. If it is a tax or accounting program - tax law must prevail and generally accepted accounting principles must apply. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, all of these issues have already been considered and written into the formal Requirements documentation which is handed to you. But if not, don't give up. Dig in and discover!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T18:43:04.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:46:21.023" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The team I work in uses a combination of open source software and home grown software, but a staggering majority of it is home grown.&#xA;We use available solutions for continuous integration and the running of automated tests, but the rest of the framework around this has been built from scratch; the needs of each of the technologies we are responsible for testing are too specific for any general tool to properly support. We rely on external solutions for very specific tasks they perform well for, then build the systems we need to be general within the scope of how our products work.&#xA;The payoff has been very high; the code base is interesting and the framework has been reliably serving us for years and can be extended to support new projects with fairly little difficulty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="415" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T18:46:21.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="389" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:49:12.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;External systems can definitely get in the way of doing end-to-end testing.  Sometimes you have to test your interface to an external system separately from the rest of the product.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, at my current job, one our product features is the ability to move money between bank accounts.  We don't have &quot;test bank accounts&quot; or a way to simulate bank accounts at the banks.   We move the money via ACH files, so my approach to testing the money-moving feature is two-fold: use automation to test how we generate ACH files, and manually test that the bank can process the files we generate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use the same approach with your Twitter interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thought: I don't know about Facebook but isn't there an RSS feed for Twitter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T18:49:12.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="465" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="579" CreationDate="2011-05-11T18:52:45.933" Score="19" ViewCount="2304" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's the basic setup - over a number of years the testing team at my workplace has developed a sophisticated (probably rather more complex than strictly necessary) object-oriented, data-driven framework for our company's software product (a suite of intercommunicating applications that operate transactionally - that is, more than just data entry).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An unfortunate combination of events has left the team with a manager who knows little about the product, and me as the automation expert. One new hire with a lot of experience in relatively static data-entry automation and the manager are convinced that the automation framework is &quot;too complex&quot; and the reason it takes too long to get automation running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I convince them that despite the complexity the framework is a robust, reliable tool and their preferred solution (glorified record and playback with a host of duplicated functions because of the transactional nature of the system) is a maintenance nightmare in the making? (I maintain the things. I know which ones are easier to debug and maintain.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice here is welcome - my team is grossly overloaded with no sign of relief any time soon so I really want to avoid anything that could make things worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T00:11:32.230" Title="How do I convince someone who's bought the Record-Playback line that object oriented framework is essential?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="404" CreationDate="2011-05-11T19:00:37.563" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Virtualizing test environments is a great way to save on hardware and provide a centralized testing environment, but it's prone to the same types as issues as having a cluster of physical boxes if you don't have a strategy behind it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my company, we use a few clusters of virtual systems that all derive from a common template, so the default states are as homogeneous as they can get. For each system we create, we tend to take a snapshot of the default state to revert to if it gets dirtied by heavy use. This reduces reset time to a few seconds as opposed to upwards of an hour for re-imaging a physical machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, this approach lends itself well to creating server environments for web site/application testing as well as desktop software testing, for running a suite of automated tests and providing automated acceptance tests.&#xA;To date, we have never encountered any bugs or behavior that is related to the virtual platform; they still manage to be machine specific inside the virtual test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="415" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:58:33.663" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:58:33.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="465" CreationDate="2011-05-11T19:02:41.307" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your defense, if a major piece of the application under test is changed, will all of the recorded scripts need to be re-recorded and debugged again?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In their defense, is the automation framework so complex that a new QA/tester couldn't walk in and start making use of/modifying it inside of a few days?  Like anything else, maintainability is a key feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the type of application and automation suite, could the record and playback use some of the complex features of the existing automation suite with a low amount of effort?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T19:51:37.520" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T19:51:37.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="465" CreationDate="2011-05-11T19:22:31.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, have you already talked to your manager about it?  If not, it is possible that as the automation expert, and as someone with more experience with your product than the new hire, your manager may trust you enough to go with your choice of a preferred solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, by your own admission, your framework is probably more complex than necessary.  If you want the framework to compete with simpler (albeit less sophisticated) technologies, you may need to find ways to make simpler tests easier to create.  If you haven't already done so, I suggest sitting down with the new hire to understand why your framework is hard to use.  Was the hire given the option to use your framework?  Was there any documentation for it?  Was someone available to help the new hire climb the learning curve for your framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, maintenance costs show up after the tests have been around for a while, which means it will take time to demonstrate the flaws in the new hire's approach.  Perhaps you should suggest to your  manager that your team use both technologies through a trial period, keeping records of what the tests do and the amount of work required to maintain them.  After the trial period, you should have some data to help the manager make an informed decision. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T19:22:31.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="465" CreationDate="2011-05-11T19:23:26.983" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that communication and collaboration would be the best bet here. GUI automation is fragile, and requires constant maintenance when your AUT is undergoing constant change.  Record 'n Play is even worse and would make maintainability a nightmare. Automation is also it's own development effort, and should be included in the time estimates for any additional work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should talk to your developers for ideas on improving the framework. While record 'n play is not recommended, perhaps there are other ways to structure your framework that would allow others to get up to speed quickly. If the developers are invested in the automated testing, then the framework is bound to improve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also try what management is suggesting in a new framework/environment, so that your existing one can remain intact. This trial period could either prove your point, or end up working really well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T19:23:26.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-05-11T19:33:48.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For web application security you could try with some tools like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Burp Suite&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://portswigger.net/burp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://portswigger.net/burp/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grendel Scan&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grendel-scan.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://grendel-scan.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="424" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T19:33:48.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="371" CreationDate="2011-05-11T19:38:56.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;try using &lt;a href=&quot;http://somethingaboutorange.com/mrl/projects/nose/1.0.0/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nose&lt;/a&gt;, it should run all unit tests of a project with one single command&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T19:38:56.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="362" CreationDate="2011-05-11T21:58:52.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a nice place for a few CSS selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/the-30-css-selectors-you-must-memorize/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/html-css-techniques/the-30-css-selectors-you-must-memorize/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thought it might be useful for people following this thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T21:58:52.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-11T22:48:44.567" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Approaching the application methodically and with intent can yield a significant amount of the information that you need.&#xA;Start with simple questions - any application should/ almost certainly will have the most commonly used functions on obvious display - follow every option in the menus for a while. Start to map what features you know the application has. Only the very worst designed software will hide away its most significant features (I've never seen this happen).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Draw information by speaking the software stakeholders - ask the developer of a feature for a quick demo, discuss with the project manager what success for this project should look like, if you have contact with the end users/ project sponsors discuss what is important to them. Take every opportunity to learn from each project stakeholder you work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obtain domain knowledge perhaps by drawing on your own experience or use Google to find out what the application's or project sponsor's direct competitors are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask a question of the application that you feel it should be able to answer. Take note of the response. Follow this with another question. Then another question. Build better questions from the answers that the application gives you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there really is nothing to create tests from but your intuition, you may find that things are missed. Learn from these experiences too - make sure your tests learn from these experiences. Encourage the development teams you work with the learn from these experiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Communicate what resources you need to be able to test effectively, over time and over successive projects you should start to find that the things you need to test effectively will start to be provided. Keep offering constructive feedback on the support, information and applications that you receive. Never stop learning and never stop be willing to teach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I can't agree with the statements above about Agile projects providing not enough documentation. In my experience Agile project provided better documentation as it is focused, to the point and relevant.&#xA;If you find your being given an application to test on Agile project and you don't know what it is meant to do, realise that you're probably not on an Agile project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastEditorUserId="324" LastEditDate="2011-05-11T22:53:51.377" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T22:53:51.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="368" CreationDate="2011-05-11T22:58:04.780" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will find that testing a distributed system is best done by testing each of the components first in isolation through unit tests and then a smaller set of integrated tests to prove that the deployed application works as intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say &quot;Unit testing is often not possible, or preventively difficult.&quot; this is worrying, as you really need to think about the testability of the application as it is developed. Particular with a distributed system it is important to architect the application in a way that it encourages unit tests to be written. For example each component should provide an interface that can be mocked when performing unit tests. Your unit tests should then prove that each component functions correctly when not relying on other components within your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you are confident in this then you can preform integration testing to ensure that each component when integrated functions as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T22:58:04.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="371" CreationDate="2011-05-11T23:14:43.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tend to use either make, or setup.py - or the two in combination. make to provide a consistent interface that other tools understand, and do adhoc stuff. setup.py to do building of extension modules, generation of releases and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python.org/distutils/index.html#distutils-index&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.python.org/distutils/index.html#distutils-index&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="434" LastActivityDate="2011-05-11T23:14:43.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="485" CreationDate="2011-05-12T01:12:14.700" Score="35" ViewCount="11162" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm a developer. Right now we don't have much in my firm in the way of testers. Whether I do it here, or go to a different firm, I'm very interested in becoming a full time tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I prepare for a transition like this? I know I can read blogs and articles, but I'm looking for something more substantial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What applications should I expect to be using (that I might be able to maybe even get a trial license to learn my way around?) Even if I'm not using it at the position I go to, I may find valuable insight from using it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What sort of things should I study up on (that can be put on my resume, or otherwise dropped in a phone screen or interview? And yes, I plan to research and understand it, and use it in my personal projects, not just win a second round of interviews based on buzzwords.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T06:53:42.323" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T06:15:29.767" Title="How do you prepare yourself for a testing position?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="24" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="451" CreationDate="2011-05-12T01:16:37.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most often I hear these terms when distinguishing between someone who is a 'Sapient Tester' meaning they understand a lot of test theory, and can create their own test cases etc (often on the fly as with exploratory testing) and someone who is merely following a script someone else has written and 'checking' the results (and would perhaps miss any bug that occurred during this process if it was not spelled out as one of the results to check for.  To me the former person is someone capable of doing real 'testing' while the latter is mostly just 'human based test automation'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've sometimes heard (and used the term myself) the latter referred to as 'monkey testers' in that their skill level is little better than a trained chimp.  However I think that's not really a good term as it could be construed to be racist (I don't think it is, or at least I've never intended it to be such when I've used it.   It is a bit insulting perhaps, but really should not be seen as an insult to the individual, (we all have to start somewhere) but rather to the org that hires such people for 'testing'.  I've run across a few folks who claim the title of a 'test professional' but they've been given no education or training by their employer, nor sought it on their own, and have basically just been doing 'checking' for as much as 2 years and honestly think they understand QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the racial implications come about because a lot of people employed in the 'checker' role seem to be working for offshore test outsourcing companies, and thus an unfair stereotype starts to emerge as a result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have run across people who have been working as checkers but are interested in learning test theory and to actually start using their brains and their wits to do 'real' testing.  It's rather gratifying actually and I'm glad to see an increasing movement of like minded folks getting together and self educating (since their employers seem to have no interest in it) themselves to learn real testing, and start being able to create their own test cases, understand what tests are appropriate when/where etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've helped a few here and there with some mentoring, and I know folks like Michael Bolton and James Bach have been very generous with their time helping such groups get started and teaching folks to apply critical thinking to the test process, instead of just running checklists created by others. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(sorry for the long diatribe, but I think it's actually a pretty important topic) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T01:16:37.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-05-12T01:25:35.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If security is important to the success of your application, I would suggest hiring professionals from firms such as HP, Cigital, SecurityCompass, etc and observing how they approach it. Books and websites are one thing, but you really need mentorship too...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="441" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T01:25:35.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2011-05-12T02:12:07.463" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, currently being ranked #1 on this site shows that you already have a good idea abou the basics and would get most positions based on what you know already. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exact tools that you are going to use would vary job-to-job dependent on technology, so I would actually research and find the tools that you want to use, gain experience in those and seek appropriate employment with the toolset of your choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is your language of choice? ... for VBA you would choose QTP, if Ruby then probably Watir or Selenium 2 , if C# then WatiN or Selenium 2, if Java then Selenium 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Management&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Commercial tools: Probably HP Quality Centre ($$$) or TFS using Microsoft Test Manager ($), &#xA;maybe TestLink (free).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect Tracking and metrics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for Test Management but add Jira into the mix, and remove TestLink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the last 2, I would be learning how to customise the tools to suit process that you want to use, and produce the metrics that you want to see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it was me, I would focus on test automation first, then the others equally second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T02:18:00.450" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T02:18:00.450" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2011-05-12T02:30:53.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used to be a developer and now I'm a tester.  The automation part of the job will probably be easy for you.  I assume you do test automation now in your developer position; if so, you should mention that on your resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a test lead position, you may also need to write test cases and test plans, put a schedule together, track the project's status, deal with changing priorities, and work with/help other testers on your project.  In that context, it might help for your resume to show that you can work with a team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, you should decide how you feel about doing manual testing.  Some former (or aspiring) developers like automation but refuse to do manual testing.  That's not a show-stopper but your hiring manager may want to know whether they can rely on you to help out with manual testing in a pinch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T02:30:53.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="451" CreationDate="2011-05-12T03:20:06.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not familiar with the use of the term &quot;checks&quot; in common QA parlence, and it is not listed in the ISTQB glossary, so I would say that the answer to your question is no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I would say that how you use the term would be in reference to the act of performing vaidation of expeced and actual results, whilst executing a test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-13T05:19:08.960" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T05:19:08.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="465" CreationDate="2011-05-12T03:32:51.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you manager does have legitimate concerns, and I think that the real solution is somewhere between the two. There are two points that I think you need to address:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Record and playback&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Record and playback is essentially provided as a vehicle for automated tool sales. A record and playback approach will create a lot of the same code in multiple test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way I would structure a business case against record and playback is fairly simple, I would record and present metrics on how much time you need to allow to re-create the test cases when the application is made, vs. the code-only approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could illustrate this visually with a quick side-by-side technical demo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The complexity of your framework&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your manager thinks that it takes too long to get automation up and running, they are probably right. You should determine exactly the outcome that they are after and work out where you can recommend improvements to the framework so that you can create new test cases quicker. In my stack, (&lt;a href=&quot;http://testing-stax.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testing-stax.org&lt;/a&gt;) we built some generators to create a lot of that code for us, allowing us to get going very quickly, despite being coded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="479" LastEditDate="2011-05-14T04:35:06.833" LastActivityDate="2011-05-14T04:35:06.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="483" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="484" CreationDate="2011-05-12T03:52:15.473" Score="8" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;Test Automation Framework&quot; is become a cliche in automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have come across circumstances during work when my colleagues developed some reusable methods/function for an automation tool and propose it as if they have developed an automation framework. This is also often portrayed in Resumes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally find test automation framework a very wide term which might include (and not limited to) - language support, IDE support, Test Report Generation, Recovery Mechanism, Test Execution Scheduling, Test Report delivery mechanism etc etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating some reusable methods in a language should/may not qualify as a framework, though it may add to over all framework. But then how do I let them know that their creation is not a framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T17:06:16.910" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T18:07:45.277" Title="How do I educate that it's not test automation framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="483" CreationDate="2011-05-12T05:37:47.473" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well there is the question &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/148747/what-is-the-difference-between-a-framework-and-a-library&quot;&gt;What is a difference between a library and a framework&lt;/a&gt;&quot; over on stack overflow and I think that the accepted answer, albeit reworded there also applies here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wikipedia calls framework a&#xA;  &quot;buzzword&quot;. It defines a software&#xA;  framework as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A software framework is a re-usable&#xA;  design for a software system (or&#xA;  subsystem). A software framework may&#xA;  include support programs, code&#xA;  libraries, a scripting language, or&#xA;  other software to help develop and&#xA;  glue together the different components&#xA;  of a software project. Various parts&#xA;  of the framework may be exposed&#xA;  through an API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So applying a little search and replace magic I think you could define a test automation framework as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A automated testing framework is a re-usable design for an automated testing system. An automated testing framework may include support programs, tools and other automated testing libraries to help develop and glue together the different components of a automated testing project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T05:37:47.473" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2011-05-12T06:05:54.230" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer should be seen as a supplement to Bruce's answer.  I wanted to add a few more notes that wouldn't fit well in a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of the tools you already might use for unit testing will likely be useful - NUnit, mocking frameworks, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Books to read:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://amzn.com/0735624259&quot;&gt;&quot;How we Test Software at Microsoft&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://amzn.com/0596159811&quot;&gt;&quot;Beautiful Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://amzn.com/0471081124&quot;&gt;&quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, and if you are interested in working with Agile methods, you should also grab &lt;a href=&quot;http://amzn.com/0321534468&quot;&gt;&quot;Agile Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, and maybe even start with that book.  I'm not recommending any newbie books for you because I think you already know the basics.  Any gaps will probably get filled in while reading the list above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should practice manual exploratory testing.  This is the most useful skill that you won't already have as a developer.  Getting good at manual exploratory testing will make you a better automation tester as well, and I fervently believe it is a skill no tester should be without.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are being interviewed, you will generally be asked some form of, &quot;How would you test this?&quot;  This will probably be your key interview question.  The interviewer is looking for an organized approach.  You want to be able to divide the test coverage you need into neat categories, describe a general approach for each (e.g., manual testing; fuzzing; automated regression tests), and then probably pick one group and start writing specific test cases for it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.:  &quot;Well, key things for this product will be functionality, security, usability, and reliability . . .&quot; and so forth.  Then you pick a category and go in depth: &quot;Functionality should check the API and the UI, so I'll want some automated tests using fixtures to test the API.  For now, we should just test the UI manually . . .&quot; and so forth.  Then come back and talk about, say, functionality some more, this time laying out specific test cases, e.g., &quot;Let's start with a 'happy path' test case . . . here are some equivelence class tests we should do. . . some boundary tests . . . some error tests . . . now let's discuss UI manual testing a bit more . . . &quot; etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are doing this right, your interviewer will have to stop you from listing out ideas for tests, even for a &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; simple application.  This is the tester equivelent of being asked how you would implement [insert well-known software application here].  Just as you couldn't complete your code spec for a software application during the interview, you can't draft your entire test plan during the interview either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T06:05:54.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="439" CreationDate="2011-05-12T06:28:59.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used SVN successfully with RFT Java test scripts. The Subclipse plugin does work however you need to ensure you version control all the files, not just the Java files themselves. Tortoise SVN also works well outside of Eclipse. That was over a year ago so I am a bit rusty I'm afraid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because several files are updated automatically when you are editing scripts, deleting object etc it makes it difficult for multiple users to merge their changes esily. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately there doesn't appear to be any info on DeveloperWorks regarding version control for RFT. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="56" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T06:28:59.913" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="311" CreationDate="2011-05-12T07:01:29.620" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BzfwA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution Overview&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To solve this problem, you will want to intelligently select a manageable set of combinations based on a pairwise coverage approach (explained below) or a more thorough variation of combinatorial test design.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Glowcoder and user246 have good points. I particularly like testerab's comment for reasons that will become clear in a minute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've created a relatively detailed sample plan to your specific problem and am making it available to anyone who would like to see it here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://app.hexawise.com/share/JJNP37PJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://app.hexawise.com/share/JJNP37PJ&lt;/a&gt;  (Apologies that registration is required to access it which is admittedly a bit of a nuisance; the good news is that registration is quick and free).  You'll be able to edit my sample plan, replace my sample place-holder test inputs your actual test inputs, and quickly generate tests to solve your problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have intensely studied test design problems like this one you've raised for the last 5 years.  I have published articles and presentations about the benefits of the following approach to test design, collaborated with PhDs who specialize in maximally efficient test design, spoken at testing conferences extolling the benefits of this approach, and created the Hexawise test case design tool to make it easy for testers to automatically generate tests that solve for precisely the kinds of combinatorial explosions like the one you're talking about here.  You could rightly say I've been obsessed with understanding this puzzle and trying to do my best to help others understand the most efficient and effective ways to address it.  From my experiences and studies, this is what I would recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Specific Solution (With Example)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, you need to identify your test inputs.  (I've borrowed a few ideas from glowcoder's answer) in my sample test plan's inputs in the plan shown here: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TUscG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Test Inputs&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've done that, click on the &quot;Create Tests&quot; button to create a set of pairwise tests.  You'll see that there are 559,872 possible test cases.  From those, Hexawise identifies the smallest possible set of tests it can create to ensure that every single possible pair of test inputs are tested together in at least one test case.  Believe it or not, it takes only 22 tests do do so.  Technically, every single pair of test inputs appears except for one pair of values.  The missing pair was intentionally removed from the solution because it would have been impossible for a tester to execute; the Invalid Pair that does not appear in the solution is O/S = Mac OSX tested together with Browser = IE.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fh0tk.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coverage Report&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you click on the &quot;Analyze Tests&quot; feature, it will take you to a screen that will make you happy based on your question.  It will show what percentage of those combinations have been covered at each point in your test plan.  After just ten tests, 76.2% of the potential pairs of values that exist in the System Under Test will already have been tested together in at least one test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B4aQX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those first ten tests will find a large percentage of the bugs in the System Under Test (and the 22 may well find a few additional ones).  From there, the marginal return on your tests will fall significantly for the simple reason that defects that can only be triggered by specific combinations of 3 or more variables are quite rare. This chart shows the specific coverage gaps that would exist if you stopped executing tests after your first 13 tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jEbyU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, if you'd like to achieve more thorough coverage than those unusually powerful initial 22 tests, that is easily achievable as well.  You can select &quot;3-way&quot; coverage on the drop down menu on the Create Tests screen.  You'll find that only 95 tests are required to test for every single possible combination of 3 values that are in the plan.  (4-way coverage would require 359 tests, etc.  The point is, you can turn the coverage dial up or down to meet your thoroughness objectives).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good, succinct information about pairwise test design methods, combinatorial testing, the Hexawise tool, Design of Experiments-based software test design methods, and orthogonal array (AKA OA or OATS)-based test design methods can be found in the links cited &lt;a href=&quot;http://bit.ly/bundles/hexawise/1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;lt;---- informational links including articles, and an amusing and insightful set of pohtograph-rich, introductory PowerPoint slides.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this answer helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="443" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2015-01-27T20:53:19.453" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T20:53:19.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="458" CreationDate="2011-05-12T07:26:39.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I do when testing the same code under 4 different OS's is to identify the common parts, then I build a plan where each OS is tested for it's unique part plus some of the the common part, making sure everything is covered at least once.&#xA;From time to time we rotate the tests between OS's or repeat some test on a different OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the above must be planned carefully using some kind of risk management and after consulting with someone who knows the code and differences between OS'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T07:26:39.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="489" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-12T08:12:38.120" Score="2" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually php undercontrol seems to consume a lot of memory so I'm looking for replacement, in order to test a php application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="445" LastEditorUserId="445" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T15:35:43.097" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T16:34:49.887" Title="php undercontrol replacement" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="490" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="491" CreationDate="2011-05-12T08:51:25.263" Score="15" ViewCount="294" Body="&lt;p&gt;When websites being deployed to the internet are about to go live, the age old question always comes up. &quot;Which browsers should I test?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not asking that question because it will soon become obsolete. So, what I would like to know is what information or techniques are available to determine which browsers to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I have used the wikipedia page of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_web_browsers&quot;&gt;browser market share&lt;/a&gt; as the primary guide plus adding any soon to be realised browsers to the list, based on this criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is used by a significant portion of a sites users, and is in common, widespread usage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is the default browser on the latest version of Windows or Mac OS X.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is a newly released, or about to be released browser which is expected to quickly gain a significant portion of browser market share, e.g. the current in beta version of IE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the best technique available or is there something better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T11:23:52.687" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T11:23:52.687" Title="What techniques are available to determine which browsers to test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="490" CreationDate="2011-05-12T09:33:32.283" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Research your potential audience.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What country are your hits from? Europe is divided between Firefox and IE, USA has significant share of Safari, and users from ex-USSR countries use Firefox, Opera and IE in more or less equal proportions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is the topic of your website? If it intends for a wider audience, you should pay attention to old or obsolete browsers (like IE 6 and 7)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you target your site for mobile devices?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on. I don't think there is other fundamentally different approach than that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastEditorUserId="102" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T13:22:06.830" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T13:22:06.830" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="287" CreationDate="2011-05-12T11:09:11.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my shop Testers (and Developers as well) formally review Requirements.  We read the documents ahead of time, then get together with the entire project team and go through them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We find that Testers with their domain knowledge and differing viewpoint can provide insight in several areas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checking the Requirements for testability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checking for clarity, consistency, completeness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trying to ensure a meeting of the minds between the Business and Development before the design begins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have found that this up-front attention helps prevent bugs from occurring in the first place.  And it's always better to prevent bugs, than to find them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you consider this &quot;testing&quot;, then the answer to your question &quot;Should the reverse also be true with testers being (more) involved and performing static testing of requirements?&quot; then my answer would be &quot;Yes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T11:42:27.227" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T11:42:27.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="495" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="504" CreationDate="2011-05-12T11:22:42.840" Score="5" ViewCount="3635" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am preparing an initial test plan document for a new project. The project involves several layers of HW and software and requires mainly black box testing but also some level of grey box testing (getting readings from within the code, but without actually reading or modifying the code).&#xA;The goal of this document is to assess the feasibility of the project from testing point of view- required test equipment, time, personnel, needed automation etc. &#xA;The approach I am going to use is to start by using a table with test types on one side (Functional, Performance, Stability) and modules/sub modules on the other side (GUI, computation engine, API from A to B etc.) then fill each square with high level headline for tests. When done, the table gives a pretty good idea of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using MindMaps in the past, they were great for brain storming but quickly lost focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other ideas ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T17:31:26.660" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T12:48:20.397" Title="How do you approach a new project from a testing perspective?" Tags="&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="490" CreationDate="2011-05-12T11:25:39.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Know your target audience as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example that immediately springs to mind is W3CSchools (a site dedicated to teaching about web development). Due to the nature of the sites content the majority of its users are likely to be in web development related jobs; and as such will typically use browsers like Firefox or Chrome because on the whole they seem to prefer not to use Internet Explorer. (Further statistics are explained &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_stats.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T11:25:39.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-12T11:26:30.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For those of us who speaks Hebrew-&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tapuz.co.il/blog/userBlog.asp?FolderName=israeltestblog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;israeltestblog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T11:26:30.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-12T11:37:34.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like the &lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Testing Blog&lt;/a&gt;, it includes some great stuff from James Whittaker who used to be a head honcho of Test at Microsoft, and not so long ago moved to Google to do a similar thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="449" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T11:37:34.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2011-05-12T11:46:16.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion (not that humble, sorry), &quot;knowing&quot; QA isn't about the tools any more than &quot;knowing&quot; development is about how to use which editor. When you know what you're doing as a developer, you'll pick up the particularities of any programming language and any development environment easily as you go. QA is much the same, it's not about the tools you use, but how you use them. Unfortunately, these are not the things that go on a CV, but they do show in an interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The big things to know in QA are the different types of tests there are, and where they most effective. When to use black-box versus white-box tests; when to automate; when usability becomes an issue; benchmarking and performance metrics etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of what makes a good tester is really how their brain works. It helps to always be curious about how the code works, or where the data flows, and then to wonder what would happen if you dropped an unexpected input there, or whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All that is for the interviews, for actually working at it, QA is only about 40% about testing. The rest is about constantly improving the process, from inception to release. Where I work, which has a very enlightened approach to QA/Dev, we actually have a report that details every bug found at customer sites, why it was missed in QA and what steps are being taken to ensure that similar bugs will not be missed. QA also has a say in the build process, we appoint an integration chief for a new project that doesn't let dev drive QA crazy with half-baked builds. There are a lot of sides to this, but it is the constant improvements in the process that make the big difference. Think Kai-Zen, but for knowledge work rather than manufacturing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T11:46:16.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-12T11:52:38.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. If your process is lightweight (e.g. Scrum), then continuous build, automated tests, etc. may be sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your process is heavyweight (e.g. waterfall) with segregation/slowness between development and testing organizations, then you probably want to do your own formalized manual testing so to avoid being the bottleneck. In addition to automated tests (unit, integration, UI automation if possible), you should deploy the software in a production-like environment using your production deployment process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the deployment, run a few smoke tests against important and/or high risk components. Then, have each developer verify their bug fix(es) and feature add(s). Better yet, have developer B test developer A's work and vice versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="450" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T11:52:38.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="451" CreationDate="2011-05-12T12:07:22.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Lyndon on the Michael Bolton site. He's the biggest of advocate of &quot;Testing&quot; vs &quot;Checking&quot; I've come across.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Boltons blog is immense with loads of references - he has some great posts &amp;amp; you will spend hours in there, especially if you follow all the references.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its an idea I'm peddling at my current client, and most people seem to be understand the difference, but why bother having it. In the large, the term &quot;Testing&quot; is felt to encompass the term &quot;Checking&quot; - checking is a part of testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T12:07:22.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2011-05-12T12:10:44.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hackthissite.org/pages/index/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.hackthissite.org/pages/index/index.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googles site for security testing: &lt;a href=&quot;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&lt;/a&gt; - really useful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try going through both sites with a copy of the book suggested by Alan - they really complement each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T12:10:44.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-05-12T12:14:41.100" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As well interrogating your bug cases, it might be worth speaking to the Business about which features provide them the most value / money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What feature would cost them the most money / bad reputation should it stop working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T12:14:41.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="495" CreationDate="2011-05-12T12:18:55.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have the space you could do Index Cards, although this is more suited towards Agile/Scrum sprints and definable tasks if you want visibility nothing says that like index cards and tape on a wall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds more like you want a Test Matrix of some kind to be able to map between test types and phases, lots of ways to do tables like that (Word, Excel, Project...etc.).  As long as they are readable the tool doesn't always matter, in the past I've used Excel for this sort of thing as it allowed me to manipulate the information easily plus do counts on summary sheets to know how many tasks/tests were in each phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2011-05-24T12:48:20.397" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T12:48:20.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2011-05-12T12:43:11.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test more than Functionality, especially if a web application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQL Injection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XSS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Modules (http vs https, header injection, cookie hijacking) etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also ensure functionality of your client side code in multiple browsers if your  environment allows multiple browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test with Javascript on/off&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Section 508 if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test buffer overflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test when application crashes and determine if it leaves things in an insecure state&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of things a developer should be concerned with other than functionality (but make sure you do test functionality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The functional tester probably isn't going to find the more critical errors if he/she is only interested if it works or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="452" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T12:43:11.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="336" CreationDate="2011-05-12T12:52:50.467" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.softwaretestingclub.com/&quot;&gt;http://feeds.softwaretestingclub.com/&lt;/a&gt; is the official area we aggregate Software Testing Blogs and other sources.  In the footer you can subscribe to separate topics by RSS (Blogs, Spanish, Events, Jobs, etc).  Latest posts from the Blog section also appear on our main website and blog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've lost track on how many blogs are listed, it is a lot and is constantly updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="454" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T12:52:50.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="465" CreationDate="2011-05-12T12:58:11.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem in many cases, even where I am now, is that there is always new development, new features, new products being worked on so that any framework of tests, even record and playback (which is a framework of sorts) is going to require 1) maintenance in order to make sure existing automation can continue to run and provide assurance of existing functionality and 2) new test development (even record and playback) in order to build in the new tests needed for the new functionality.  The problem is always to try and strike that balance between building new test capabilities quickly and efficiently (solving point 2) but making sure those new test capabilities are easiest to maintain (solving point 1). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how do you convince the managers?  Really, it's going to take time and effort on your part to gather metrics of how long it takes to create new tests using both the old framework and the new methodology.  That's one metric and, unfortunately, that's going to show that record and playback is going to show very well there.  But what you'll need then is additional metrics measuring how long it takes to maintain a suite of record and playback tests versus maintaining libraried code units and data driven/table driven framework.  When a feature changes, how long does it take to update all those record and playback tests for that feature versus, when a feature changes, how long does it take to modify the framework for that feature?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, it's the bottom line of how much the manager is spending to do something versus the value of what is being done.  Both record and playback automation and framework automation have, for the most part, the same value... assurance of regression of existing product feature.  So, you biggest &quot;bang for the buck&quot; is to measure and evaluate the expenditure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, along with that, rather than trying to preserve the existing framework, get practical.  As you said, the existing framework has room for improvement.  Perhaps some of what they are implementing for record and playback can be adapted to improve the framework.  Are some of the record and playback tests being created candidates for incorporating into the framework?  Are there parts of the framework that can be enhanced to make maintaining and using it easier?  The management is not going to listen well to &quot;this is wrong and bad&quot; without something to back it up with &quot;here's a better way of doing it&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, back it up with some good research and knowledgeable papers.  One that I find really helps alot is &lt;a href=&quot;http://vig.pearsoned.com/samplechapter/0131838806.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article I found&lt;/a&gt; that describes, in detail, what framework testing is, why it's important, and even challenges with lists of do's and don'ts the specific problems of record and playback.  That article has at the end of it an exhaustive set of references as well that can be cross referenced, researched, and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T18:41:02.723" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T18:41:02.723" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="119" CreationDate="2011-05-12T13:30:43.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a developer, automated regression tests have certainly saved my day several times.  But a QA professional may not be aware of this.  Here is the reason:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A deterministic test can find a bug only once: When I (the developer) run the test suite and see that I made a stupid mistake, &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; fix this bug immediately --- and no tester is going to see it.  Without the test suite, the bug would make it into the repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience, I most benefited from simple integration tests: When an apparently benefitial change in one component had an undesired effect in another component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="393" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T13:30:43.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2011-05-12T13:32:38.107" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would think that one thing you'll need to work on is changing your mindset.  I have never been a coder/developer, but I do realize we think &amp;amp; approach a project in different ways.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Carmi said, be curious &amp;amp; ask questions, but remember it isn't our job to fix the problem.  We can provide suggestions and ideas but ultimately the decision on what and how is oustide our responsibilities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you have to be willing to push and ask about things that developers may not like.  If you stay at the same company and begin testing the code of people you used to work next to, it could add an extra level of challenge.  Not that it isn't possible, but something to keep in mind.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, having been a coder/developer gives you an inside track.  You know where you struggled, skimped or took shortcuts, which means you know where to look first when testing software.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T13:32:38.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="490" CreationDate="2011-05-12T13:35:55.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing that many people seem to forget is the information at their disposal.  Does the company that the site is launching for already have any sites in production?  Is this replacing another one?  Is this just an enhancement or bug fix release.&#xA;If the answer to any of these is yes, ask for (if you don't already have) a copy of the browser (and often operating system) analytics reports for these (this) site.  A few different time spans are often great if the company offer's promotions occaisionally, as some other browsers tend to spike during these times.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;After I started doing this for the largest site in my current portfolio, I was rather surpised at the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T13:35:55.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2011-05-12T13:39:30.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, I tend to find more bugs while I'm creating the automated tests than I find by executing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, it's not true that automated tests don't find bugs - some automated tests find some bugs, even if it's not many.  And done well, the cost of executing automated tests is low enough that it's worth doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't view the automation choice as a binary one.  I often automate some testing in a project, while leaving some of the testing manual.  The trick is in determining what is worth automating, and what is not.  When the choice is made reasonably well, but manual and automated tests find bugs.  When the choice is made extremely well, each method findd bugs that would be more difficult (or more expensive) to find using the other method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T13:39:30.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="538" CreationDate="2011-05-12T13:58:18.840" Score="6" ViewCount="1347" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is not an anti-automation place.  In fact, one of the reasons they hired me was to bring in some expertise in test automation.  The problem is that the current processes and procedures in place in the company do not currently have anything built in to allow for automation work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The industry we service is highly regulated and so there is a need for very strict processes and procedures in order to satisfy both internal and external audits.  Automation is definitely a good tool for regression testing and providing tests for data-entry intensive tasks.  The problem is that the auditors need to be reassured that the automation that we are looking at creating provides the same assurance of proper functionality and security that a manual test does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience with this sort of regulated industry and integrating automated validation and regression tests into the process?  If so, I'd love to hear about how to go about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit based upon comment below:&#xA;Just as clarification, the automation I'm working with is primarily automated regression and functional testing, many times operated through the UI but not limited to that.  Regression and functional testing may also apply to testing of API's and WSDL's as well as testing of messaging and communication protocols, all of which are present within the regulated industry that I'm currently servicing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T16:14:22.580" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T06:26:50.717" Title="How do I satisfy external auditors that automated tests are at least as effective as manual tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-12T14:05:28.133" Score="13" ViewCount="1255" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We have an  a browser based application that is built on the Microsoft Stack, specifically .NET 3.5. It also uses Ajax, iframes, jQuery etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment we are just guessing at the concurrency rates that our app/server architecture can provide. This is making everyone nervous and it would be really good to work out a more exact figure. By concurrency, I mean X number of users logged in at the one time. Specifically, I need to know how many concurrent users the server/application can take before the user experience gets really bad or the server crashes etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Are there any simple tools/services that we can use to get this information?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have no prior experience of performance/load testing as it's always been done by specialized people.  Is this the sort of thing that's going to need months of learning/ setting up a tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="447" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:00:26.090" LastActivityDate="2021-04-21T04:30:47.020" Title="Performance testing - a way in?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2011-05-12T14:25:44.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being a good tester is so much more than knowing the tools that are available for automated testing or knowing the best &quot;techniques&quot;.  It is about knowing how software can be broken.  It is about being able to think beyond the normal / expected usage of a feature.  It is about thinking outside the box.  It is about asking &quot;Why is it this way?&quot; for everything.  To be a good tester you have to able to question everything you see and think about the things you don't see.  As the previous poster says, it is a different mindset.  As a developer you are thinking about how to create something.  As a tester you will be thinking about how to tear it down.  You will be doing the same thing over and over again expecting different results each time.  Sometimes testing can be tedious - of course, this is when you start asking yourself if that task can be automated.  The mechanics of being a tester are easily documented - being able to actually do them is another story.  I believe that if a developer can change the way they think to become a tester they (we!) make the best testers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="455" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T14:25:44.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-05-12T14:39:01.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jakarta.apache.org/jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; is the open source performance testing tool that might be useful in this situation.  There will most certainly be some ramp-up time to learn how to use the tool as well as some time required for general performance testing education (best practices, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="301" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T14:39:01.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-05-12T14:53:18.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the my automation work isn't with complaince-impacting impacting applications, however, it is certainly possible to make it audit friendly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, start using a BDD tool such as SpecFlow or StoryQ.  Many of the scenario's will be documented this way.  I'm not familiar with SpecFlow, but, with StoryQ it will make writing out what the automated test is doing much easier.  Ensure that the stories/requirementms are laid out for each &lt;em&gt;critical&lt;/em&gt; test.  By critical, I mean the ones that are going to draw the most attention.  This will also provide pass/fail at each step on the final report that is generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I recommend stories/requirements in each test, if you don't, having a diagram (&lt;em&gt;shudder&lt;/em&gt;) of the methods can help.  The auditor(s) may want you to walk them through the tests.  If they do, the diagrams can help them focus where they want to look and make your audit experience far less painfull.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this probably should be more drawn it, it may help you with a starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit based on comment from Rakesh:&#xA;Both of the tools that I mentioned are for windows only.  Here are some other tools that can be of use.  &lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer - I have not used any of the below.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ruby:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://rspec.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rspec&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JBehave&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/bdoc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BDoc&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/instinct/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Instinct&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2011-05-12T15:45:42.477" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T15:45:42.477" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="518" CreationDate="2011-05-12T15:10:09.717" Score="15" ViewCount="1156" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I re-realized the importance of sharing a screen with your users to see exactly what they're doing and the paths they are taking through your software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always knew it was important but never thought of it as a way of testing beta software. Users will often come up with ways of doing stuff that you never thought of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in my realization of this today I pose the question of; What are the forms of testing that testers commonly forget?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="409" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-13T10:30:20.493" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T23:22:37.500" Title="What are the forms of testing that testers commonly forget?" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-05-12T15:12:18.433" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usability testing, because while QA may assist in the process, the actual test participants are probably not QA people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T15:12:18.433" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-05-12T15:16:57.170" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basic exploratory testing for the most simple of functions.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Historical usage examples tend to push people into a direction of &quot;that's always broken&quot; or &quot;that's always worked&quot; .. the worst thing is not checking either, to find out whether they work now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T15:16:57.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-05-12T15:30:21.553" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is quite broad I think and depends on what sort of application/software you are testing. However if you're testing a gui app one common thing that can slip your mind is &lt;strong&gt;Usability&lt;/strong&gt; and those annoying &lt;strong&gt;grammar/spelling&lt;/strong&gt; mistakes. But again depends on what you are testing and how deep you will be willing to go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="205" LastEditorUserId="205" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T23:22:37.500" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T23:22:37.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-05-12T15:37:03.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Almost all manual tests that can be done on a web based application can be automated using tools like Selenium. &#xA;If you can automate a few important test cases as per your application domain which will be of  highest severity and priority and also if presented with a very good result generated, must probably do the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope my answer is in the right track .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T15:37:03.780" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-05-12T15:43:21.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of performance testing tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/ab.html&quot;&gt;Apache Bench&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot;&gt;The Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joedog.org/index/siege-home&quot;&gt;Siege&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pylot.org/&quot;&gt;Pylot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setup for the most part is very easy. You could run each of these packages on a local VM; however, if you want to simluate large loads of traffic you need to have a machine with a little more RAM and Processor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is an AJAX application you might have to simulate the resources on disk that might be on contention. A functional test might do this for you, but if you're interested in how your server and stack are responding how you craft your requests for load are important. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T15:43:21.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="490" CreationDate="2011-05-12T15:51:09.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Log files, log files, log files, log files! OK, so if you don't have Apache or IIS log files or if you don't have a way to parse User Agent strings out of them, using something like Google Analytics should give you a good idea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the Wikipedia page is an excellent general reference to what market share is for browsers it's doing it at a level that is unrelated to your site and application. For example, what if you're spending your time testing IE but after looking @ your logs you realize that IE users only comprise 2% of your overall traffic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;court awareness&quot; that the Wikipedia article provides is great: Chrome, Firefox, Safari, IE, etc but being able to know - specifically - what your visitors are using is far more useful and will allow you to customize not only your approach to browser testing but also to feature development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T15:51:09.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="420" CreationDate="2011-05-12T15:59:33.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a great question, and it's an issue that every product company faces.  The answer is very subjective -- it depends on your product, your organization, and your customer base.  Although it is subjective, there are trends you should keep in mind when trying to evaluate whether a product meets its functional requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As time passes, not only does your product evolve, but your customer base evolves too.  Your first customers are more likely to be early adopters.  As your business grows, you will probably take on larger, more risk-averse customers.  Your functional requirements will need to evolve with your customer base.  Bugs and ease-of-use features that were low-priority to your early adopter customers may be high-priority to your newer customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you host your own product, you may also have operational needs that evolve as well, e.g. scalability requirements and diagnostic/trouble-shooting capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how does this mean for QA metrics?  You need to revisit your bug list on a regular basis to ensure that priorities evolve with your customer needs.  You also need to judge any product metrics you collect, e.g. capacity measurements, responsiveness, or speed, in the context of your customer needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you never have enough information to know with full certainty what the functional requirements need to be.  Someone will take their best guess, and when you're wrong, your customers will tell you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line: everything changes, including functional requirements.  Whatever you decided constitutes high-quality in the last release needs to be re-evaluated for this release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T15:59:33.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-05-12T16:39:10.113" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Negative testing is one that, while not forgotten, gets left behind when the time crunch comes in.  For example, say a message response has a limited set of valid numeric values (1, 2, 3, 4).  What if a response is sent that is outside of that range of numerics (6, 10, 0, -1)?  What if the data type sent back doesn't match (1.5, 0.2, &quot;blue&quot;, BLOB)?  What if the response back is empty or null?  Especially when working with an application that is open to the general user public (as many web applications are), there's the problem of end user training that is always missing and so the end users may enter in unexpected values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Too often, from developers, I've gotten the response &quot;No user will ever do that&quot; only to have, once the feature is released, a user doing precisely that action and having it cause major problems in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T16:39:10.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-05-12T16:56:06.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would help if you were able to map automated scripts to your requirements to demonstrate coverage is the same.  You already do manual testing so presumably you have something that fulfils that purpose already.  This can be something as simple as a spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever process you have in place for updating your manual regression tests, apply the same process to updating the automated scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="56" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T16:56:06.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-05-12T17:14:57.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Verifying what version is loaded on the machine I'm testing... &#xA;I tend to miss the very basic things and jumps to the more interesting things, checklists helps to avoid misses like that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T17:14:57.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-05-12T17:22:35.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you didn't mention what industry are you in we can all guess. &#xA;I guess that medical devices will require you to prove that your automation is reliable and bug free by itself which leads to parallel runs tgsrvyou mentioned. &#xA;If there are auditions, aren't there specifications for proving testing reliability ? For example can't you declare your automation reliable once you compared it to a manual run ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T17:22:35.927" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="483" CreationDate="2011-05-12T17:36:00.010" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard to prevent people from misusing abstractions on their resumes, at work, in politics, and elsewhere in their lives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than arguing over the abstraction, you need to talk about the specifics in the context of how the test software will be used.  So for example, if your manager is asking the test team for recommendations for a test framework, you need to be specific about what you need out of that framework, just as you would if you were shopping for a place to live or a car.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T17:36:00.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="451" CreationDate="2011-05-12T18:13:55.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although we don't use the word &quot;checking&quot;, in my current shop we &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; make a distinction between the two concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have one batch system where we concentrate only on the output.  We never look at the code used to create the output, it could be (and often is) changed at any time between batch runs. And when we find an issue, it's considered perfectly acceptable to manually modify the output, rather than fix the code.  To me this fits in with what is being referred to as checking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For all of our other systems, we do more of what is being called testing.  We drive the code and modules through a series of tests, and look everywhere - not just at the output.  We would never accept manual fixing of the output as a solution to a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To us, this distinction is useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T18:13:55.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="495" CreationDate="2011-05-12T18:25:09.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do it the same way you do - list broad areas like functionality, performance, security, then list pieces and approaches for each, then break those down into test cases if necessary.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, I like to add a &quot;goals&quot; and &quot;non-goals&quot; section sometimes, especially where there are legacy tools or APIs that I am not going to explicitly test.  Sometimes I'll get into test planning and start checking how that external API deals with zeros, and writing non-goals out first helps me avoid this time-sink, and gets me focusing on instead, &quot;How would we handle a weird response from this external API?&quot;, which is testing in scope again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually do this in a wiki, with headings for the broad areas, then sub-headings for the pieces underneath that, and a list of types of tests (manual exploratory testing, scripted manual testing, automated integration, E2E tests, automated UI tests, etc.) with (possibly) test cases in a list under that.  I tend to be a hierarchical thinking, so this works well for me.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like using wikis for test plans because they are great living documents, and because I can have a Q&amp;amp;A section at the bottom whenever I run into something unclear, and developers can just edit it directly to give me answers.  Having answers in a public place in writing does wonders for keeping everyone (devs, QA, business owners) on the same page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T18:25:09.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="532" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="537" CreationDate="2011-05-12T18:37:47.853" Score="8" ViewCount="7303" Body="&lt;p&gt;The SE sites specifically are about building a repository of information and &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; about community building or discussion.  For those of us who want to build community as well as information, what are good software QA sites with a more social bent (e.g., forums and social networking style sites)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T11:56:07.053" Title="What are some good software QA community websites?" Tags="&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="7" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-13T14:02:14.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2011-05-12T18:53:30.867" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQAForums&lt;/a&gt;.  That's a pretty good community of testers there from all different skill levels as well as a few groups that are dedicated to specific tools.  Another good site is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestpro.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Test Professionals&lt;/a&gt; in that they also sponsor conferences and other such things.  Both are sites I've had much experience with and have been well satisfied with that experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T18:53:30.867" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-13T14:02:14.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2011-05-12T19:02:40.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingclub.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club&lt;/a&gt; is particularly good in my opinion.  Rosie Sherry, Rob Lambert and others have done an impressive job of building the community, and encouraging thoughtful conversations and polite debates on the site.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, in my opinion, the overall level of conversation is significantly higher than the vast majority of other online software testing communities (I'm thinking of LinkedIn Groups in particular here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would describe the overall tone of the site / participants in the community as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Polite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Well informed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thoughtful (e.g., people taking the time to read and understand other testers' points of views, not simply trying to &quot;talk over them&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T19:02:40.327" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-13T14:02:14.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-05-12T19:05:51.883" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answer you need might be in logging and auditing of the automation.&#xA;When the automated test runs, have it log exactly what is being done, how and when. That way, any result can be replicated as soon as it occurrs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you have a record of what happened, and you can use that to make your case. &quot;We know the automation tested features A and B with these results, as it is in the log here and here.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can decide to manually audit say 20% of all tests, repeating them manually, and then manually following the log, and comparing the three results. Make an effort to audit the most problematic tests first, to help you gain confidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A nice secondary advantage is that when you're running regression tests, you can compare the entire run from build to build, and not just the results. This will save you loads of time in diagnosis, and also help to spot bugs in the automation itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T19:05:51.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2011-05-12T19:09:03.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend the Software Testing Club: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have active forums (actively moderated too to keep the spam/rubbish level down!), as well as publishing The Testing Planet, and sponsoring testing community activities - testing meetups, sponsoring an active member to attend a conference, etc.  The management team are really committed to creating  great community resources.  I find the level of discussion there generally high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been participating there for several years now and consider it home. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T19:09:03.390" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-13T14:02:14.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2011-05-12T19:11:32.877" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SQAForums&lt;/strong&gt; is the largest, and excellent: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sqaforums.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software Testing Club&lt;/strong&gt; is excellent, too: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll find me hanging out at both.  (Not sure if that will scare you away or not..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testrepublic.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testrepublic.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2014-10-02T03:50:15.730" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T03:50:15.730" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-13T14:02:14.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-05-12T19:41:49.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in the financial industry.  Our company undergoes audits too.  The auditors want to know you have a documented process, and they want to spot-check that you actually follow the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds to me as if you need a written test plan that describes what each of your automated tests covers.  The plan needs to be detailed enough so that if the auditor asks to see the code for a specific test case, you can quickly point them to exactly that code.  You also need a record of when the automated tests are executed and what they found.  Of course that could be automated too, although if your company doesn't everything manually now, you could probably start by archiving your test results in a manual way (e.g. each test summary goes in an  HTML file, and the files are stored in a directory.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T19:41:49.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-05-12T19:59:03.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you are using the Microsoft stack I have to recommend the Microsoft Visual Studio tool kit. The load testing tools that come with visual studio will hook into your performance counters on the boxes. The tools include guidance from the asp.net team baked in in the form of key warnings when certain thresholds are reached like an excessive number of garbage collections occurring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also look into the Microsoft patterns and practices documents on ASP.net performance as there is a lot of good guidance for performance issues in there.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T19:59:03.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2011-05-12T20:12:21.223" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hey.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I would suggest: test stuff, chat with testers, gain experience. Participate in &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot;&gt;WeekendTesting&lt;/a&gt;. This should help with any interview.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Have you heard about TopCoder? Try to do &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.topcoder.com/tc?module=ActiveContests&amp;amp;pt=13&quot;&gt;testing competition&lt;/a&gt; (when it is available - not that often).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think that tools should be an issue for you. Coming from development, you should't have problems with TestAutomation/Performance testing tools. Other supporting tools, will be piece of cake. &#xA;Besides most of the time, it's not about the tools, and not so much about terms and definitions (unless going for test management position). It is about creativity, approach, mindset, communication, asking questions, breaking the rules, thinking outside the box...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T20:12:21.223" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="541" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="544" CreationDate="2011-05-12T21:11:15.937" Score="7" ViewCount="1567" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that each test environment is different, is there a general rule of thumb as to how long an internal manual acceptance test should take?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitions / clarification:&#xA;Where I came from, when we got a new feature ready, QA did a quick 30-minute basic acceptance test of core functionality. &quot;If this feature is broken, we are sunk, company closes, we all lose our jobs&quot; was the deciding factor as to what went on this Internal Acceptance Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I am now, when I arrived here, they would build, and no one re-tested core functionality. So I went to my (very patient) manager &amp;amp; sold him on performing an internal acceptance test once x week. (Since builds are done continuously, every time a new build is pushed was not realistic). So glad I did! Many many critical bugs have been found!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I designed this test, I tried hard to keep it to 30 mins. As the years have gone by, more and more functionality has been added. We have to test 1 platform on 3 versions, and, as we usually find bugs, this acceptance test has grown to easily take 2 hours on a bad day. We have the usual workflow of customer &amp;amp; QA bugs to verify and I am nervous it is taking so long - it could turn out it never gets done due to length of time to perform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question then is: should I be keeping it 30 mins? That was the only example I had to go by at the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorUserId="196" LastEditDate="2011-05-17T22:34:26.897" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T22:34:26.897" Title="Internal Acceptance Test (not automated): How long should it take?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-05-12T21:31:36.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Time taken to validate a build varies based on various factors.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to identify the optimal time that should be taken in your scenario is to put in numbers for the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No. of testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No. of features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avg. time taken per tester per feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(And in your case) No. of versions to be tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have these numbers, come up with the time taken by 1 tester to test all features for 1 version (assuming the other 2 versions have the same number of features).  And then do the required math for the total time required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our project we have observed that the total time taken to run an acceptance (smoke) test for about 100 features by 2 testers takes anywhere from 4 - 6 hours. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T21:31:36.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-05-12T21:41:40.530" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds as if you are referring to a smoke test, so that's how I'll refer to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The length of a smoke test depends on your product, the risk aversion of your organization, and the resources available for smoke-testing.  In my first QA job, the smoke test could take up one individual's entire morning, but detecting a catastrophic defect during the smoke test could save many multiples of that across the entire QA and development team, so it was worth the investment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only you and your team can decide how to trade off smoke test time with the risk of using a build with &quot;if this feature is broken, we are sunk&quot; defects.  You should feel free to vary the smoke test depending on which features are bottlenecks for the rest of the app, which features are undergoing the most changes, and perhaps the historical defect rates of the developers working on those features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's something to consider: can you automate parts of the smoke test?  At my first QA job, installing the product could take a few hours.  We found a way to automate the process, and that made the job of the smoke tester a lot easier without incurring any significant risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T21:41:40.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-05-12T23:07:34.467" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like this is the only regression testing of existing functionality you do, is that correct? It sounds like you're finding valuable bugs with your testing, and that your manager appreciates its value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also sounds like the other work you have conflicts with performing this testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;We have to test 1 platform on 3 versions, and, as we usually find bugs, this acceptance test has grown to easily take 2 hours on a bad day.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also an important point: if you're finding and reporting bugs, that takes away from the time where you can be testing. Enough so that you might actually only be spending 30 minutes testing, and the rest of the time reporting the bugs you found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think the solution to your dilemma necessarily lies in working out how long acceptance testing should take. It sounds like you have more potential work than can be achieved in the time you have: given that test is essentially an information providing role, it's for your stakeholders to decide what information is most valuable to them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion would be that you try two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug analysis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to analyse the type of critical (as judged by your stakeholders) bugs you're getting - don't worry too much about classifying each individual bug accurately, as that will turn into a massive timesink. Instead, try to just build up a very broad brush picture of where most bugs appear to be coming from, enough that you can go to your manager and say &quot;we appear to be getting a lot of bugs of this particular type, which costs a great deal of test time to find and report. It might well be worth investigating whether there's anything that could be done that would reduce the likelihood of bugs of this nature being introduced in the first place, or reduce the cost of finding and fixing them.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prioritising your tests: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Review the areas that you're testing during your acceptance tests. Back when you started, these were all &quot;we're sunk if this breaks&quot; tests. Are those tests &lt;em&gt;still&lt;/em&gt; as important, or has what's important to the business changed during that time? Is &lt;em&gt;everything&lt;/em&gt; that's crept in since as important? Reviewing these might reveal that there are tests that, while they're nice to have, aren't &lt;em&gt;as&lt;/em&gt; important as the other work you might be doing instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can get the areas that you test ranked in rough order of priority, you may want to suggest that you try timeboxing your acceptance test: once you get to the agreed time limit (including time spent on bug reporting!), you stop. If you've got a prioritised order for the areas you'd normally look at, you know that then you've looked at the areas which are most important to your stakeholders first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also makes it easier for them to make a decision about what information is most valuable to them, given that your time is limited and it's impossible for you to do everything: when you stop, go to your manager and say &quot;These areas have not been tested. Are you comfortable with us stopping at this point, or should we set aside/postpone testing on some of the customer bugs we have in order to continue? If so, where on this list should we reach in order for you to feel comfortable about releasing?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-12T23:07:34.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="546" CreationDate="2011-05-13T01:19:54.530" Score="32" ViewCount="3389" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as there are developers who are orders of magnitude more productive and creative than other developers, so are there testers who are similarly outstanding.  We all have our opinions about what constitutes an outstanding tester.  I believe one contributing factor is a matter of perspective, that a great tester approaches software in a different way than a developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not to say that an individual can't have both perspectives, or that one is superior to the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ask because there are times when a tester will find a bug using a use case that I would never consider, and I wonder where the idea came from.  Or a tester devises a way of testing something so that is unorthodox, clever, and perfect for the job at hand, and again I wonder what led them to there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How is a developer's perspective different from a tester's?  I believe the question is relevant to interviewing and perhaps to continuing education and an organization's culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T05:39:24.740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T05:39:24.740" Title="How does a tester's perspective towards software differ from a developer's?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;culture&gt;&lt;qualification&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2011-05-13T01:59:11.037" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the fundamental difference between the tester and the developer is the difference between synthesis and analysis.  The developer synthesizes code.  He builds up things, putting pieces together and figuring out fun and unique ways of combining those distinct little bits to do wonderful and amazing things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers are all about analysis.  Once it has all been put together, the tester likes to take it apart again, piece by piece, this time looking for those little corners, edges, and incongruities that hide in those weird and strange interactions that come from those new and amazing ways of putting pieces together.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both testers and developers like figuring out how things work, but the difference is where the developer is focused on putting things together to make them work a certain way, the tester is focused on taking things apart to find out all those unintended consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T01:59:11.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2011-05-13T02:16:09.943" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testers are different from not only developers, but also everyone else in a software organization, because they are the only people whose primary mission is to figure out how the product could fail, and not how to make the product suceed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers spend their spare moments trying to figure out how the code can be refactored to be cleaner or an elegant way to organize the object hierarchy in order to make the product work well, but testers will ponder new ways to hit threatening race conditions or a new unexpected output that might not be handled right that could make the product fail (at least a little).  No one else is so dedicated to avoiding failure, or such an expert in all the ways that software tends to break.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T02:16:09.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2011-05-13T02:28:44.587" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I completely agree with TristaanOgre's answer, I do have another piece to add.  Developer's are often (even if they don't realize it), emotional attached to their code.  They've spent hours/days/weeks, sometimes years putting it together.  They have taken what someone wanted and (normally) crafted those requirements into a working, and often elegant creation.  As TristaanOgre pointed out, they have the mindset of a creator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers on the other hand, we don't have &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; mind set, we have many.  I don't know of any tester's worth their weight in salt who wear only one hat.  Instead, we wear multiple.  We analyze the requirements looking for holes.  We (sometimes) look at it as another developer, wondering if there may be a more effecient way to develop it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the main mind sets that I use while testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does the customer who ordered the software want it to work?&#xA;How did the developer build it to be used (think &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simbios.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/project1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tire swing&lt;/a&gt;)?&#xA;How will the end user use it?&#xA;How will a power user use it?&#xA;How will a disgruntled employee use it?&#xA;How will a disgruntled end user use it?&#xA;How will someone who's not familiar with the product use it?&#xA;How will someone who wants to break it use it?&#xA;How will other applications use it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the other ways that we differ is the fact that, again, developer's are concerned with building the software and teaching others how to use it.  Although we like to learn from the developer, we also like to learn from the software.  There's been more than a few times that I've shown a developer something that their software can do that they never expected it to be able to, completely different from anything desired, but still useful.  We take what we learned, and we think of more things to test.  I like to talk about how during my testing, I see shiny things (something that seems out of the ordinary).  As soon as I'm finished with my session, I go and look at the shiny thing hoping that it's a silver thread left to lead me through a maze to a treasure (a bug).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to write a novel here, but I think that this gives a basic understanding of how a developer's &lt;strong&gt;mindset&lt;/strong&gt; and a tester's &lt;strong&gt;mindsets&lt;/strong&gt; differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T02:28:44.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="550" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="715" CreationDate="2011-05-13T05:29:29.323" Score="3" ViewCount="2515" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate drag and drop functionality with Telerik controls, I currently use WatiN for my automation (see related quesiton &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/549/testing-drag-and-drop-with-watin-on-telerik-controls&quot;&gt;Testing drag-and-drop with Watin on Telerik controls&#xA;&lt;/a&gt;. I am considering if WatiN can't do it, will I able to test drag and drop will if I change to use Selenium 2 instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can this (drag and drop testing in a web applicaiton) be easily achieved with Selenium2 (in C#), ideally without injecting javascript into the application being teseted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-10-06T18:13:27.127" Title="Testing drag-and-drop with Selenium 2 on Telerik controls" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="306" CreationDate="2011-05-13T09:34:54.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Wikipedia &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category%3aSoftware_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; category sounds like the sort of thing you're after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T09:34:54.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2011-05-13T10:26:44.330" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Development and testing are two diametrically opposed disciplines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Development is all about construction, and testing is all about demolition. Effective testing requires a specific mindset and approach where you are trying to uncover developer mistakes, find holes in their assumptions, and flaws in their logic. Most people, myself included, are simply unable to place themselves and their own code under such scrutiny and still remain objective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s say that a developer has to write some code that calculates a sales commission, where the commission is normally 5%, but rises to 7% for sales over ten thousand dollars, and they implement the following code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if  (SalesAmount &amp;lt; 10000.00)&#xA;{&#xA;    Commission = SalesAmount  * 0.05;&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;    Commission = SalesAmount  * 0.07;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developer has made the assumption that a sale of exactly $10,000 should earn 7% commission. If they are testing this code as well they &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; write tests similar to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;public void VerifyLowerCommission()&#xA;{&#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(499.9995,CalculateCommission(9999.99));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[Test]&#xA;public void VerifyHigherCommission()&#xA;{&#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(700.0007,CalculateCommission(10000.01));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with these tests, is that even though they achieve 100% code coverage, the developer has based them on the same assumptions and thought processes they used when writing the code itself. In this &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;contrived&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; example, let’s assume the actual calculation should have been based on commissions greater than or equal to $10,000. So, even though these test cases would pass, the calculation is actually wrong. This type of bug would probably manifest itself infrequently, as it would require a sale of exactly $10,000 to cause a problem and would otherwise remain dormant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having someone impartial write the tests for the code increases the chance of finding that type of issue significantly. This helps because they will have make their own ideas about how things should work, and challenge the developers assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T10:26:44.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2011-05-13T11:36:54.520" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;I believe one contributing factor is a matter of perspective, that a great tester approaches software in a different way than a developer.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree!  And I think that's one of the primary factors which allows testers to add significant value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's something I wrote a while back:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, developers tend to be optimistic folks, while testers tend to be more pessimistic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers are creators, with a natural optimism about making new things and solving difficult problems. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers are fault finders, with a necessary skepticism and doubt. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If developers are the yin, testers are the yang.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe this is a good thing, a sort of checks-and-balances tension that makes for better software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it does lead to some interesting contrasts...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: The glass is half full&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: The glass is twice as big as required&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: This code hasn't yet been tested. It's not known if it has any bugs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: This code hasn't yet been tested. It's not known if it actually works &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: We are 90% done &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: We don't know when we'll be done, if ever &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: We will refactor the code to make it better &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: They are throwing out the working code and replacing it with an unknown quantity &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: I only changed one line of code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: The entire system must be retested &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: The code is the design &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: There is no design &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: We'll fix those bugs later, when we have time &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: We never have enough time to fix the bugs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: This build is feature complete &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: The features exist; some are completely broken &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: Anything is possible, given enough time &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Everything has flaws, and given enough time I can prove it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: Of course it will work &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: It might work, but probably won't &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: One last bug fix, and we can ship tomorrow &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Fixing this one bug will likely lead to two more &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: Stop finding bugs, or we'll never be done &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Stop creating bugs, so I can find them all &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: There's no need for more tests &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Let's just run a few more tests to be sure &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: There is no I in TEAM &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: We can't spell BUGS without U &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: That's an &quot;undocumented feature&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: That's a bug &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: I like to build things &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: I like to break things &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: Sure, we can use the Beta version of this component in Production &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: We should wait until version 2.1 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: Willing to bet that there are no more bugs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Willing to take that bet &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: Let's slip these changes in now, because I'm starting my vacation tomorrow &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Let's not &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: That will never happen in Production &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Never is a long time &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: It works on my machine &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Perhaps your machine is the only one where it works? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: The sun'll come out, tomorrow... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: Raindrops keep fallin' on my head... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optimistic Developer: I'm a Realist &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pessimistic Tester: I'm a Realist&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here's a slideshow version, in case you need it:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/05/slideshow-optimistic-developers.html&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/05/slideshow-optimistic-developers.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T11:36:54.520" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2011-05-13T12:14:30.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed that novice developers tend to focus on their module and have very limited insight on the product or users, whereas a tester must have (at least) good knowledge of the whole system and its use cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T12:14:30.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-05-13T12:17:43.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;keep it short enough so it doesn't disturb other testing activities (much), that's what I usually try to get to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T12:17:43.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-05-13T13:13:57.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Full regressive acceptance testing can only, really, be a static value if the application never gets new features.  The moment you add a new feature, and that includes support for new web browsers, new operating systems, etc., you need to add tests to cover that new feature.  To say that you need to limit it to 30 minutes is unrealistic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all you are looking for is a sanity check that the absolute basics of the application, the drop dead &quot;the world is going to end if this doesn't work&quot; kinds of things, then you need to spend time in scope control.  When a new feature is added, you need to ask, &quot;Is this a drop dead item&quot;?  If it is, the next question is, &quot;Is it worth extending the time for this item or does it supplant an existing item?&quot;  If it's the former, then your time gets extended to test the new feature.  If it's the latter, than figure out which of the already existing items no longer has a high priority, drop it, and reconfigure your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It comes down to the difference between a full set of regression tests of all features and a &quot;smoke test&quot; of those basic items that are &quot;drop dead&quot;.  A full regression can probably be limited to weekly.  But smoke tests, by their nature, could be run daily or even once per build if they aren't too long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-13T14:21:36.783" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T14:21:36.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2011-05-13T13:16:18.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The one thing I would add is something I learned from Whittaker's 10 Commandments;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thou shalt hold thy developers' sins against them &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use this thought every day.  If I get code &amp;amp; I know that developer leaves error messages until the end, I'm going straight there to make sure they were not forgotten.  If I know someone has had trouble with handling date fields in the past, there is where I start.  Did I hear two coders discussing an fix that could impact this old defect, guess what the first regression test will be.  Is the designer responsible for the module notorious for leaving sections TBD or vague, I start there to see what we ended up with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't supposed to be vindictive or nasty, but the fact is we all have certain habits and traits.  If my understanding that helps me focus in part of my testing I would be remiss to not use that information.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/sitewide.asp?ObjectId=6392&amp;amp;Function=DETAILBROWSE&amp;amp;ObjectType=COL&amp;amp;sqry=%2aZ%28SM%29%2aJ%28MIXED%29%2aR%28relevance%29%2aK%28simplesite%29%2aF%28Software%20Testing%20Ten%20Commandments%29%2a&amp;amp;sidx=0&amp;amp;sopp=10&amp;amp;sitewide.asp?sid=1&amp;amp;sqry=%2aZ%28SM%29%2aJ%28MIXED%29%2aR%28relevance%29%2aK%28simplesite%29%2aF%28Software%20Testing%20Ten%20Commandments%29%2a&amp;amp;sidx=0&amp;amp;sopp=10&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;10 Commandments by Whittaker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T13:16:18.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-05-13T13:23:05.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We tend to skimp on performance testing.  We all know it needs done, but it always seems to be left for last/dropped completely when we get to the end of a project window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is you are going to get as many different answers as there are testing methods out there.  Depends on the person &amp;amp; the shop they are currently working in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T13:23:05.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="576" CreationDate="2011-05-13T14:04:55.590" Score="28" ViewCount="16501" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the things that I try to balance when writing out test scripts for manual testing is trusting that the person executing the test (which may not always be me) is reasonably competent to know how to do certain tasks versus assuming that the person executing the test needs instruction in how to do the task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When working with a brand new application or brand new feature where I am involved in the design and requirements meetings, its easy to forget that there are assumptions and such made in those meetings that aren't always communicated across the board.  At times, when I've had to hand off the test cases to someone else, usually I end up deeply involved in the testing due to this inside knowledge to the point where I feel like I should throw up my hands and take over the testing myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I'm too detailed in my test scripts, I find that I'm spending a LOT of time documenting the test steps and being rather nit-picky on those little details and end up getting behind in a project where I don't have as much time to test as I would like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a problem, then, with the amount of detail in the step-by-step descriptions of the test script or is this something that should be documented better in requirements and specifications?  At what point does adding detail to a test script become a detriment to testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T19:14:01.587" Title="When writing manual test cases and scripts, how much detail is too much detail when documenting the steps?" Tags="&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="560" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="562" CreationDate="2011-05-13T14:14:44.563" Score="10" ViewCount="14427" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a developer in the scrum master role and need to get the whole team (specially our product owner) more involved with clearly defining the boundaries of stories. I suspect acceptance criteria is the way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our team, we struggle to define clear acceptance criteria while grooming/planning our user stories. This alienates our QA members as they don't really have complete understanding of what to test. Often, our acceptance criteria defines what we expect the story &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; to be, rather than what it should be and this feels wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any good resources on how to come up with good acceptance criteria? I've found a lot on how to write effective user-stories, but nothing specific to acceptance. Does anybody have any ideas of how to approach the problem or resources I could use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="463" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T02:00:10.440" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T02:00:10.440" Title="Techniques to write good acceptance criteria for user stories" Tags="&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-05-13T14:23:36.390" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a good question.  I wish there were a hard and fast answer, but you need to calibrate the level of detail with the capabilities of your tester.  I think you should always describe the &lt;em&gt;intent&lt;/em&gt; of the test case, i.e. the requirement you are testing.  For someone with more experience, you can leave the rest to the tester's imagination.  For someone with less experience, you may need to spell things out, with the accompanying maintenance costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to err toward too few instructions than too many, because specific details of how you test something may change more quickly than the intent of the test case.  For example, it may be important for an individual's first name to be up to 20 characters in length, but the way you navigate to the relevant dialog box will change over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For better or worse, some organizations may be forced to use detailed test instructions for regulatory reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T14:23:36.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="560" CreationDate="2011-05-13T15:15:37.357" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a concept of &quot;steel thread&quot; that we used back at one of my previous jobs where the user story itself is a specific requirement that has a very particular expectation.  Anything outside of that particular expectation should be its own user story.  The acceptance tests can then be focused and targeted to verifying that the user story's &quot;steel thread&quot; has been verified.  This doesn't mean that there is only one acceptance test, but that the acceptance tests that are written cannot go outside of that limited scope of the &quot;steel thread&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you get to acceptance tests that defined what is NOT supposed to happen, that actually, in my opinion, should be its own user story.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a user story may read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;As a web master, I can configure widget B to display in one of the three primary colors of blue, red, and yellow&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A set of acceptance tests would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The web master has access to the configuration options for widget B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The web master has a selection list available of the three primary colors of blue, red and yellow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the web master sets widget B to blue, it displays in blue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the web master sets widget B to red, it displays in red&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the web master sets widget B to yellow, it displays in yellow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The web master has no other options other than blue, red or yellow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be it.  If, however, you need to check and make sure no one else has those abilities, you should write a different user story to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;As a web user, I do not have access to widget B's configuration options&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then write appropriate acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bonus of this approach is the granularity of requirements so you can easily prioritize those stories you MUST do and backlog those that can wait and then maintain focus among your developers, testers, and product owners to ensure that the user story is completed in any particular iteration without any unnecessary bleed over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited: Added acceptance test 6 as an example of one acceptance test for &quot;It shouldn't do this&quot; that would be valid within a user story.  The user story indicates the three primary colors.  There should be no other options available.  The user story does NOT mention anything about any other users, configuration options for any other widgets, or anything else like that so those are then relegated to different user stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-13T15:36:57.080" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T15:36:57.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-05-13T15:23:13.587" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need enough detail to ensure that all the requirements of what your testing can actually be tested. And that's where it should stop. To quote Einstein, &quot;as simple as possible, but no simpler.&quot; The more specific you are, the more likely you are to become too focused on one part of the requirements that you miss out on the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an exception to this, and that is known bugs. If a bug was recently fixed, you will want to put some additional testing around that, even though the requirements haven't changed which by the first rule would say you don't need to put any more restrictions. I would put the steps to reproduce the bug and make sure it doesn't get reproduced. Having a bug go public can be embarrassing, but not nearly as bad as when you say you've fixed a bug and it actually still exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the above is (what I would call) an idealist view on it. It doesn't take into consideration things like common sense and intuition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tl;dr&lt;/strong&gt; Every test case should have enough information to show a requirement being met (reference the requirement in the documentation) or a bug being fixed (reference the bug in the documentation) but no more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T15:23:13.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="560" CreationDate="2011-05-13T15:28:12.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We keep it simple: I either ask the support manager or cull through customer bugs. The ones that sound like they would apply to 80% of the customers I try to work into my test scenarios in acceptance (or smoke) testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T15:28:12.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-05-13T15:54:42.710" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;For better or worse, I was taught years ago to write a test case as if a tester were walking in off the street to execute it. Thus my test cases tend to have a lot of detail. However, I have executed other's test cases so entrenched in detail that I had to take pressure time to sort out the meaningful bits &amp;amp; stick to those. That is very frustrating, especially under pressure of due dates. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I will specifically address steps only of a test case, understanding that there is much more to a test case and script than just the steps.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question, effective test case steps should have the following info but kept as succinct as possible:&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - The Action/Description needs to have the URL to navigate to, path to feature, action required. &lt;br&gt;&#xA; - The Input Data needs to have example (or real) data for input&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - Expected Results needs to have the output results and any changes in the screen layout&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - Actual Results -actual as compared to expected results&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - Pass/Fail with a date&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - Comments or Notes - rarely used for me; this is where I put in known bug information, or the logic behind why to x instead of y (in other words, the program was not very intuitive in design at this step and clarification would be appreciated)&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In another post, I lost a few points because of my personal preference to insert a short comment about the logic behind the step (or input, or expected result). Perhaps I work with a program that is not very intuitive and needs explaining here and there. Not sure, but the &quot;target audience&quot; of the test case is whom I am writing to, and I would rather not presume the &quot;target audience&quot; has the small nugget of information that will make a big difference when executing that particular step. My personal preference, you could say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T15:54:42.710" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="599" CreationDate="2011-05-13T16:23:05.183" Score="6" ViewCount="476" Body="&lt;p&gt;With version 8 of the automated testing tool TestComplete, the vendor has introduced a new feature called &quot;Keyword Tests&quot; that provides a visual interface for creating automated UI tests without needing to be knowledgeable about writing code (or at the minimum have a minimum knowledgeability at writing code).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my personal experience with this tool prior to this version, I've been able to perform all sorts of neat tricks and magic acts to be able to automate the testing of applications using what some call &quot;hand coded&quot; tests.  I'm starting to work with the new Keyword Testing piece and I'm finding that there are certain things that I just cannot do without having to use &quot;hand coded&quot; scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone else have experience with this tool and, if so, do you have any suggested restrictions of what can be done easily with keyword tests and what is best done with &quot;hand coded&quot; scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-16T17:18:14.760" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T17:18:14.760" Title="In TestComplete 8, what tasks are best suited for keyword tests and which ones are best suited for &quot;hand coded&quot; scripts?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="567" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-13T16:36:38.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smartbear.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SmartBear Software&lt;/a&gt; provides a number of tools for use within the software development lifecycle for automating a number of different tasks.  The TestComplete tool is a feature rich tool that provides many capabilities for creating, maintaining, and executing automated unit, regression, functionality, and load/performance testing of windows, web, and web service applications.  Each version of TestComplete adds to the toolkit available.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions for this tag should involve questions about the usage, advantages, tricks, tips, and techniques for using the features of the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-17T22:36:01.670" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T22:36:01.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="568" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-13T16:36:38.550" Score="0" Body="the testcomplete automated testing tool version 8 is differentiated from other testcomplete versions for certain feature sets." OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-17T22:36:08.393" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T22:36:08.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-05-13T16:38:30.403" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried both ways over the years and still having doubts each time.&#xA;At the end it comes down to who is going to use the document- if you are sure it is going to be someone with in-depth knowledge of the system and with good testing skills you can easily give only the headlines.&#xA;An exception is when details are needed by a standard or certification, Medical equipment or SW that is certified like SW drivers for Windows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T16:38:30.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="566" CreationDate="2011-05-13T16:40:46.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without knowing this tool, I think you describe exactly what keyword testing is... a simplified way of building tests, sacrificing the fine details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T16:40:46.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="571" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-13T17:24:50.710" Score="29" ViewCount="11157" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have started using the Selenium 2 /Webdriver web automation framework a couple of weeks ago and I'm generally pleased, but I find myself unsure about how to best design my Page Objects. The following issues have been bothering me :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is a page URL a property of the Page Object ? What if a number of different URLs lead to the same page ? Also, what if the URL is used to pass some parameters, do you if at all deal with that ?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What fields do your page objects have except for WebElements and a WebDriver instance ? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How do you initialize your page objects ?  In the constructor? Using a factory method ? Do you use the PageFactory class provided by WebDriver ? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are your page objects ever responsible for browsing to the appropriate web page or do you depend on an &quot;external force&quot; to do the browsing ? In WebDriver terms, do your objects ever do driver.get(&quot;URL&quot;) ? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I of course have my own answers to these questions, but I will leave them out of the main post to avoid clutter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="216" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-14T14:46:22.100" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T07:43:58.480" Title="Page Objects design issues" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2011-05-13T18:00:02.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The heart of development is creation.&lt;/strong&gt; -- &lt;strong&gt;The heart of testing is science.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All Software testing is testing the hypothesis &quot;Is this software suitable to ship to the customer.&quot; There are a lot of nuances, testing has a lot of art to it and it's all about testing assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your development mindset should be &quot;How can I best solve the costomer problem with the resources I have?&quot; Your testing mindset should be &quot;Did my development effort solve the problem sufficiently?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's could be hard to change gears so having people with different viewpoints test the software other than the people who made it helps to keep from overlooking tests that would invalidate the hypothesis. It's a good ideas for the actual developer to test as much of what they write as possible. This shortens the feedback loop, decreased costs and increases developer skill quickly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developers must put thier ego on the line&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;In order to be a good developer you need a bit of hubris. You have to believe you can to the impossible. You have to own the problem and the code becomes your baby. If you don't have a level of passion where you feel personal investment in all the code you write, you need a new job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testers should never make it about the developers ego&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;One occupational hazard for testers is to start testing and complaining about everything. Be on guard for that. Never attack developer personally for flaws in the software. Figure out how to give them meaningful, actionable feedback that doesn't crush thier ego. If you think that being harsh motivates developers, you need a new job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As testers we have to understand that development is a creative effort and our jobs are to point out flaws in something the developer put a lot of effort into. It's productive to point out defects in the execution but not the person. For example, you might say &quot;20% of the BVT's we agreed to are not passing yet.&quot; That's objective usefull feedback. &quot;You suck, you have been working at it for weeks and it is still not ready to ship.&quot; Not objective. Still technically accurate and perhaps even deserved on some level, but not called for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing is sadder than a technically skilled tester who is the enemy of every developer on the team. Except the one who took testing home and is now estranged from family.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developers need to be subject matter experts and tune out distrations&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Developers need to spend a lot of focus on solving hard problems at a micro level. They need to be experts in every line of code they write. Specialization means ignoring distractions and cutting out meetings that are too general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers must focus on solving the technical problems at hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testers shouldn't lose site of the big picture&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Testers shouldn't strive to be as much as an expert at the micro level. They need to have a foot in the micro and macro world and provide course correction data to developers who are &quot;down in the tank.&quot; Having a good PM can relieve the tester of some of this burden, but a tester who doesn't get the big picture is a liability to the developer they work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers must focus on making sure the technical problems being solved advance the user experience as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testers need to know when to measure the widgets and when to fix the assembly line&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Testing activities roughly divide into quality control and quality assurance. Quality control is making sure the delivered items are to spec. Quality assurance is making sure the process leads to high quality output in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="479" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T18:00:02.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-05-13T18:26:55.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Communication and exploration.  I have begun working on each of my project with no or negligible documentation.  My approach has been the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Figure out (explore and initial training with someone in the team) what the product is supposed to do - the happy path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Figure out the critical sections of the product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequently talk to developers, product people and other team members&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand who the users of the product are and what the company is trying to provide the users building the given product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the product has existed for a while, figure out the modules that have a greater sensitivity to breaking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helps creating a sanity test.  Then take one module at a time, and expand the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Document as you go, the Test Cases need not be verbose and you can skip detailed steps initially - the main goal being to document what is required to be verified.  These initial TCs can serve as a platform for learning, a checklist, and a reference for documenting the undocumented specifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T18:26:55.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-05-13T18:42:20.203" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the given answers, it would also depend on the current members of the team, and the kind of members you intend to hire in future.  The current testers will be well aware of the basic interaction with the system, and the new hire should be given appropriate training of the system and hence, every single step need not be documented in a TC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like a good idea to document with such a detail that a person unknown to the system can come and test it.  But is your application really going to be tested by an unknown?  The time spent by a tester in documenting too much is also a time wasted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the TCs against the functionality and requirements (documented or not), I prefer the TCs that say &quot;1. Verify that in a given condition, the application behaves a certain way&quot; assuming the tester knows how to create the scenario.  Not a rule, just a strong preference.  Based on experience and judgement, additional steps can be added if required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Documenting TCs against recently discovered defects, however requires more details as you are trying to communicate something that is unusual or unexpected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bottom line:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;The documentation should not be more complex than your application and more verbose than the specifications.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T18:42:20.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2011-05-13T18:51:15.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is from some older code that I had written a couple of years ago. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    def __init__(self):&#xA;        self.b = t.get_browser()&#xA;        self.url = self._get_url()&#xA;        self.resource = self._get_resource()&#xA;        self.title = self._get_title()&#xA;        self.html = self._get_html()&#xA;        self.soup = BeautifulSoup(self.html)&#xA;        self.meta_keywords = self._get_meta_keywords()&#xA;        self.meta_description = self._get_meta_description()&#xA;        self.links = self._get_links()&#xA;        self.images = self._get_images()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was the base implementation of our page class. So for landing pages, etc you could subclass and extend this class with whatever else you needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this base class the page itself could validate that it loaded correctly. And again as you get into more custom implementations of pages you could extend validations and actions as needed. The idea - as I recall Simon Stewart talking about it @ GTAC 2007 - is that you need to make a page as atomic as it needs to be without overcustomization. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T18:51:15.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-05-13T19:44:50.060" Score="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good question.  As others have answered, the amount of detail will depend upon your particular context.  When I'm asked that question by clients, I've started drawing a simple 2 X 2 matrix that looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EWe0P.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T19:44:50.060" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="306" CreationDate="2011-05-13T19:57:19.750" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ahmet,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree your thought of a wiki for testing techniques could be a valuable idea for software testers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best testing technique repositories that I am aware of are of the &quot;dead tree&quot; variety.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lee Copeland's &quot;A Practitioner's Guide to Software Test Design&quot; is the best book on the topic in my view.  Available only in book format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also well worth checking out (particularly since he has generously made pdf versions of it available for free) is Torbjörn Ryber's &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.onestopsoftwaretesting.com/ebook-essential-software-test-design/&quot;&gt;Essential Software Test Design&lt;/a&gt;.&quot; (Available in hardcover book or free pdf download).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, while not technically &quot;testing techniques,&quot; Michael Hunter's &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thebraidytester.com/downloads/YouAreNotDoneYet.pdf&quot;&gt;You are Not Done Yet&lt;/a&gt;&quot; has a long list of excellent quick ideas to consider testing before you declare that you're finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope these help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T19:57:19.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="581" CreationDate="2011-05-13T21:20:21.747" Score="11" ViewCount="2193" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to determine if I should spend some time working with a trial version of HP Quality Center.  For a number of reasons, my time is very valuable to me right now both at work and in my personal life, so &quot;Why not?&quot; is an inadequate reason to even get started on downloading a trial version and getting things set up.  Yes, even a couple of hours is difficult right now.  I've looked at their website, but can't wade through all the marketing speak to even figure out what the product actually is, at least regarding what I care about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, I do primarily automated testing for a variety of products, and will be testing more and more applications and mentoring others in testing (mostly developers, possibly we'll hire some additional QA in the future) as time goes on.  I am currently creating, using, and maintaining a home-grown test system that uses C# test fixtures and coded checks, and testcases that are stored in a SQL DB.  I am currently doing very little UI testing, but will probably begin doing web UI testing increasingly in the future, and am currently planning on using Selenium or WatiN.  The product is based on a mostly-.NET stack, with a few Open Source tools here and there.  The company is all practicing some form of Agile development, mostly Scrum (with a few teams using 'Scrumlike' instead, IYKWIM).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to figure out what skill level of tester HP Quality Center is aimed at, whether or not I can write fixtures and reusable test code easily to use with it, and what it would do for me that would be better and easier than using a homegrown system.  I am particularly concerned about whether or not it lacks flexibility, and especially interested in if it could save me time that I am currently investing in our own framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyone who has used this tool before who can give me some insight into it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T13:51:28.143" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T12:25:27.183" Title="Should I try the evaluation version of HP Quality Center?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="465" CreationDate="2011-05-13T21:29:05.343" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bret Pettichord's keynote presentation at this year's Selenium conference has a lot of great content that is directly on point.  He talks in detail about why he got increasingly frustrated with the &quot;playback and record&quot; sales messages coming from large commercial tool vendors.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To view his presentation on YouTube, click &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=s_CUPs6xAWw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  Skip ahead to 9:48.  It's there that he starts to talk about the insights he and other leading thinkers on test automation experts were sharing with one another in the mid 1990's.  He also talks about how the &quot;record and playback&quot; features were added in the pre-cursor to SilkTest.  Adding record and playback features was, in Bret's view, almost entirely because it was a good way to SELL tools (vs. a feature that actually worked.).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At 10:40, he tells the story of what led up to his decision to create a presentation titled &quot;Capture / Replay is for Fools.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fGgmu.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2019-01-11T00:11:32.230" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T00:11:32.230" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9" CreationDate="2011-05-13T21:42:07.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying a mock that uses an Object List of return values as a queue.  Every time my mock is supposed to return something, it first looks in the queue to see if I've queued anything, and if so, returns it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I implemented an additional Queue method for my mock that I can call during test setup that just adds items to the List in the order I want them returned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, all of my return values will be ActionResults (we are using MVC) so I don't need to worry about return types, but you could use Reflection to implement something similar, where you return the first item in the queue that IsAssignableTo the return type of the method (I think that's the method in Reflection that you want . . . not sure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also look at other mocking libraries that have this kind of &quot;Record and Playback&quot; functionality built-in.  Moq is geared more towards being able to see if the right APIs are being called, etc., then about checking what the mocked interface returns.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://stephenwalther.com/blog/archive/2008/06/12/tdd-introduction-to-moq.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; digresses into a discussion of philosophies about testing with mocks that explains this difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T21:42:07.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-05-13T22:13:57.427" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Who would be administering QC? If it's going to be you, I'd recommend you give it a miss for now. I don't think it's particularly suited to small teams, or Agile teams: it's aimed at large companies, with waterfall development methodologies, and pretty much the whole design is aimed at that - you might find yourself having to swim against the current a lot of the time, and I get the impression that's exactly what you want to avoid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also very expensive in my experience - enough so that every place I've seen it used has had a very limited set of licences, thus rather spoiling the point of having an integrated bug tracker &amp;amp; test &amp;amp; requirements management system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-13T22:13:57.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-05-14T00:03:41.670" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP Quality Centre is a product that has been around for ages. I haven't used the product in anger for a few years, but I don't think that it is particularly tied to any methodology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP's tools are generally pitched at the non-techical tester with record and playback and step-by-step test execution, especially now as WinRunner is now end of life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As someone who has a lot of experience in the Microsoft and .net space, especially with WatiN, I would suggest that you might be better suited with Visual Studio Team System 2010 and Microsoft Test Manager, especially as you are probably already working with Visual Studio and already have licenses. These tools integrate directly with the unit test runners that are commonly used with c# code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other option, since you are already building your own tools is to invest the $$$ that you will need to spend on QC on hiring a person to develop your own in-house tools (yes it costs that much).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-14T02:39:58.370" LastActivityDate="2011-05-14T02:39:58.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="541" CreationDate="2011-05-14T00:07:26.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any amount of time is OK as long as it's saving you more time than it costs. So if the tests need to run an hour to prevent  30 testers testing a bad build for five hours while a new deployment is created, so be it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would seriosly try to invest in automation to get the time down as much as possible. Curating automation can be almost as much hassle as just running manual tests, but normally it's a big win.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your product is impossible to automate it's probably got architectural issues. Try to talk the team into making new features automation testable by design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="479" LastActivityDate="2011-05-14T00:07:26.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-05-14T00:17:03.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;The problem is that the auditors need to be reassured that the automation that we are looking at creating provides the same assurance of proper functionality and security that a manual test does.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For regression testing, automation is superior to manual testing. The regression tests don't make mistake like a person can. You also have a person audit each regression test (at least when they create it and hopefully once or twice more.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For security testing a 100,000 iteration fuzz test is provably more effective than any kind of manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is scientific research data to back these claims up. Find the science and show it to the auditors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="479" LastActivityDate="2011-05-14T00:17:03.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-14T01:31:36.783" Score="16" ViewCount="7314" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using Selenium off and on for the past two years.  Recently I've been seeing more references to page objects.  (I'm referring to page objects as an means of organizing UI automation code -- not an interface or implementation manifested in the Selenium API.) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using page objects relative to using a mere collection of functions?  Please attempt to justify the advantages and disadvantages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-01T23:26:44.173" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T01:29:07.153" Title="What are the trade-offs of using page objects instead of a collection of functions in UI automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="586" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="593" CreationDate="2011-05-14T03:59:34.903" Score="4" ViewCount="3426" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been trying to click on City bubble on Google Map.&#xA;So far I have tried following but none seems to work. Also notice the awkward locator available from map which is captured in Selenium IDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAt&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='map']/div/div[1]/div/div[4]/div/div/div[5]/canvas&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;586, 190&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;mouseDownAt&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='map']/div/div[1]/div/div[4]/div/div/div[5]/canvas&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;586, 190&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;mouseUpAt&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='map']/div/div[1]/div/div[4]/div/div/div[5]/canvas&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;586, 190&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But none of these seem to work. Has any one been able to click on a specific position like city bubble using Selenium &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T03:34:13.190" Title="Unable to click on City bubble on Google map using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="585" CreationDate="2011-05-14T04:13:41.240" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Advantages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clear separation between test code and navigation code in code base.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Easy to comprehend test, for example -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Homepage.testLogin(username, password);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is more succinct than &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.type(username);&#xA;selenium.type(password);&#xA;selenium.click(submit);&#xA;selenium.waitForpageToLoad(waitPeriod);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ease of maintenance, when UI changes you need to change the navigation code and not test (provided application logic is still the same and only UI object/navigation is changed)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only one I could think of is, initial design of page object might take more time but pain is definitely worth it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-02T21:24:10.857" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T21:24:10.857" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-05-14T06:20:30.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked with Test Director (QC predecessor) in more than one place as bug tracking tool, the price was so high that even a medium, profitable company couldn't (or didn't want to) buy more than few licenses and only the basic modules making the work very cumbersome.&#xA;From my little experience it is very flexible, stable and easy to use by non code writers, and best of all give excellent integration between the requirements, testplan, tests and bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-14T06:20:30.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-05-14T07:22:14.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;At work we are using the HP QC. It is a very powerful tool but I would use it only for really big projects. I think that it is not suitable for small/media projects. The projects I am working has 17 teams and more than 160 people and this tool is a corporate decision and not the result of an analysis of which tools are available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="209" LastActivityDate="2011-05-14T07:22:14.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="306" CreationDate="2011-05-14T17:17:49.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may want to check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.softwaretestingclub.com/w/page/36395044/Heuristics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club Wiki&lt;/a&gt; - the checklists and heuristics sections are particularly relevant, given what you've said in comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For resources on test design specifically, check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/#tab5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Design&lt;/a&gt; course materials available at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingeducation.org/wordpress/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testingeducation.org&lt;/a&gt;. Once you've done that, check out the other &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/#tab1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BBST materials&lt;/a&gt;. There is enough there to keep you busy for a couple of years, assuming that you also have a day job!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-14T17:17:49.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2011-05-14T18:48:07.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would answer it on the bases of how I use page object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I have rarely used Selenium 2 but page object concept is irrespective of any tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here go my answers -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;My page objects don't know about page URL, in fact page URL is some thing is known to only one base class in my case. This base class (I usually term as - SelTestCase) is extended by other classes.&#xA;I never had to deal with passing parameters for URL though.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;My page object also knows about fields of page - i.e. Textbox etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I don't user webdriver, I use constructor to initialize my page object.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I don't do driver.get or selenium.open in my page object, thpugh my page object uses application elements to reach to a page. In fact by the time control reaches to page object, page is already in known state and I proceed from there.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And do post your answers, once you have received satisfactory number of responses...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-14T18:48:07.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="586" CreationDate="2011-05-15T03:34:13.190" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't tried this myself but shouldn't you be using the javascript googlemaps api instead of dom elements? There is even an open source selenium testsuite for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/gmaps-api-issues/wiki/SeleniumTests&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/gmaps-api-issues/wiki/SeleniumTests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;http://gmaps-api-issues.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/selenium/core/TestRunner.html?test=../tests/stable_suite.html&quot;&gt;http://gmaps-api-issues.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/selenium/core/TestRunner.html?test=../tests/stable_suite.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="404" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T03:34:13.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="283" CreationDate="2011-05-15T03:47:46.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've copy/pasted &lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.google.com/group/webdriver/browse_thread/thread/b5a12774ca7566ad/1532c6c74b7c3b7a?#1532c6c74b7c3b7a&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; from the webdriver groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hi,   The focus thing is a real&#xA;  problem for Firefox (in particular)&#xA;  and  becomes even harder when tests&#xA;  are run in parallel for obvious &#xA;  reasons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We have avoided stealing focus for a&#xA;  window because people tend to run  a&#xA;  suite of webdriver tests and then get&#xA;  on with something else whilst  they're&#xA;  running. The best bet would be to call&#xA;  &quot;window.focus&quot; using  the&#xA;  JavascriptExecutor service immediately&#xA;  before calling the flex  app. If this&#xA;  doesn't work, you might consider using&#xA;  a tool to handle  the window focusing&#xA;  in addition to webdriver: Windows&#xA;  exposes a few  methods that might be&#xA;  useful and which could be accessed by&#xA;  JNA[1] for  example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is this something that other people&#xA;  have been struggling with too? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Regards,   Simon&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing you could do is to use a tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/cc817881&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;desktops&lt;/a&gt; to make sure your browsers are opened on their own desktop. If you use selenium RC just start RC from the desktop you want your browser to open on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="404" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T03:47:46.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2011-05-15T07:00:14.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An Additional Perspective from a Testing Tool Provider&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One mistake that I've seen companies make when they perform &quot;build vs. buy&quot; decisions is that they tend to underestimate the amount of effort it will take to maintain and continuously improve tools.  If you're creating a simple quick tool that you and your team are confident won't grow in scope over time this &quot;cautionary tale&quot; might not apply to you, but this issue has bitten many companies in the butt (like Tangurena's, perhaps?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before getting too confident in the accuracy of a prediction that &quot;we can build something better than tool XYZ in X hours that will fit our needs better,&quot; it is worth checking out tool XYZ's recent updates.  Doing so will:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give you some sense of how likely it will be that the &quot;missing features&quot; you have identified in the tool XYZ will be added to it any time soon. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Serve as a reality check on your initial calculations about how much effort will be required to create your own tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For what it is worth, to provide a concrete example of a summary of recent updates that we've made to our testing tool, you can check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://app.hexawise.com/recent_updates&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this list&lt;/a&gt; (which is partially shown below).  I seriously doubt that even IT groups backed by Fortune 100 budgets would be continuing to make improvements, bug fixes, changes, etc. on such a frequent basis for testing tools that were built in house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4m8AI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be clear, I'm not trying to say buying a tool is always going to be the answer.  Many times, getting an open source tool or building your own tool will clearly be a better option for you.  I just wanted to highlight a risk I've seen; companies have a tendency towards underestimating the ongoing maintenance and improvement costs for in house tools (and perhaps overestimate the likelihood that in house resources 5 years in the future will have an interest in improving it).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS - For anyone who is interested, we decided to open source the code to that &quot;Recent Updates&quot; feature shown above.  It's on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/belucid/Recent-Updates&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T07:00:14.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-05-15T07:14:58.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tristaan,  good question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What Not To Do&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful not to imply to the auditors that automated tests are as effective as manual tests in cases where they are not designed to cover as much as the manual tests would.  Julian Harty made this point eloquently in one of his recent presentations.  I've included two of his slides below.  His full presentation (which is quite good) is available &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.bettersoftwaretesting.com/?attachment_id=24&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1smPU.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bJ5L6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What To Do&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the other good advice in the other answers, keep a clear record of what the automated tests actually test and do not test (as well as what manual tests are designed to find that the automated tests could well miss).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2011-05-15T07:20:21.757" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T07:20:21.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="598" CreationDate="2011-05-15T09:34:28.577" Score="2" ViewCount="587" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wondering if anybody else is using this way to report test results.&#xA;Some of the projects in the company I work for report test results on a cumulative basis, meaning that a test that passed once is reported as passed if it fails later (a bug is opened anyway), sometimes this is taken to extreme when the the time for full regression (or the team's bandwidth is too low) is longer than the time between releases tests are done on several version and reported only at the end, this way there are cases where a test passed for version X, failed for version X+1 but reported as Passed anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The justification for this method is simple, the reports are used only as way to estimate build quality for intermediate builds and a final test phase is done before a build is released to customers, or at least should be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T16:50:05.197" Title="reporting cumulative test results" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="597" CreationDate="2011-05-15T10:09:37.667" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;So if I understand your question correctly, you are reporting a test as passed even if it fails later, because you are going to do another test phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that I need to share some &lt;em&gt;tough love&lt;/em&gt;. This method is wrong, and could be downright dangerous to someone's career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason why is that you simply don't know what state any particular build is in. Marking a test as &quot;not run&quot; is one thing, because it says &quot;I don't know&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Marking a test as &quot;Passed&quot; when you have executed it and it has &quot;Failed&quot; simply &lt;strong&gt;makes your testing invalid&lt;/strong&gt;. My reason is that you can't trust your results. You will have the same, infact maybe more confidence in a &quot;not run&quot; aka &quot;I don't know&quot; than the lie of &quot;It's actually failed, but I will mark it as passed.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To highlight this, how would you answer the question &quot;Can we ship NOW?&quot; if you had to release a version, without the final test phase because of a critical security fix that was required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm sorry and this is probably what you don't want to hear but I don't just think that this method is &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt;, I think it is actually &lt;em&gt;incorrect&lt;/em&gt;. Sorry. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-15T12:45:32.733" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T12:45:32.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="566" CreationDate="2011-05-15T19:50:58.820" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my - admittedly limited so far - experience, I've found that TestComplete's keyword tests are useful for rapid automation of self-contained, small, highly modular test items. I have yet to find anything that keyword tests can do that coded tests can't, and I keep finding new things that coded tests do easily that keyword tests either can't do, or can't do without a lot of extra time and effort on the part of the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I find particularly limiting is the inability cleanly integrate user-created objects (which is one of the more powerful TestComplete features in my view) with keyword test structures. Using code, it's easy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far the most consistently useful feature of keyword testing that I've found is generating a quick set of handles to components in a previously untested form. The keyword test recorder and parser does seem to run faster than the 'code-generating' recorder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T19:50:58.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-05-15T20:03:55.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work, load testing is often forgotten because it's not easy to coordinate and it consumes a lot of scarce resource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a more generic note, functions or features that don't get a lot of use in the general run of things are very easy to forget. A lot of &quot;one time&quot; &quot;set and forget&quot; features fall into this category, especially if you work with predefined data sets and don't do all that much configuration as part of the standard testing process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T20:03:55.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="495" CreationDate="2011-05-15T21:30:17.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What objectives are you seeking to accomplish through testing? If it is improving the quality and rate of delivery of the solution, consider the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, look at the individuals and interactions around these tests. Are there multiple teams? Just one team? What teams and stakeholders are up/downstream from the product / module. What do they want to have/see?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to achieve this is? Look for seams. Seams are places where you can insert tests. Seams exist between modules (as you've identified), between teams, and between steps in acceptance/sign-off chain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each of these, look at how the tests can facilitate collaboration between the two sides of the team. e.g. design sessions when changing interfaces, coming together to write bdd scenarios for signoff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then consider what constitutes working software and craft what the Scrum community calls the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumalliance.org/articles/105-what-is-definition-of-done-dod&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt;&quot; this should include performance constraints and any deployment, testing or automation (and if necessary, policies).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then attempt to apply this definition of done to each feature (or user story if you have them) and see where the gaps are in terms of instrumentation. This will provide a roadmap for what tests need to be written. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the instrumentation to measure stories in terms of functionality and performance is the next step on this chain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By basing your tests on what has emerged from the actual definition of done and how to measure this, you'll have created a lean set of tests. These will be the most able to change if (when) the definition of done changes. Also tests per feature mean you can handle each new feature based on its needs, not limit what new software can be created based on the testing methodology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary, take a step away from the tools, and see how your testing can tie the project together and facilitate lowering the cost of delivering software and improving he chances of successful delivery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer strongly influenced by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;manifesto for agile software development&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="499" LastActivityDate="2011-05-15T21:30:17.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="608" CreationDate="2011-05-16T12:52:07.437" Score="6" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;The StackExchange search seems to think this is a subjective question.  I'm not sure about that.  It seems pretty straightforward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile methodologies of software development involve more than just the testing part of things.  Developers, technical writers, and customer representatives (product owners) play a large part in the Agile world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to regulated industries such as medical, financial, insurance, etc., however, there is a lot of formalized structure that needs to be satisfied.  Formally documented specifications, design documents, test plans, test cases, risk assessments, etc., are all necessary in order to satisfy the different auditing agencies that all bases are covered and compliant with regulations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing and Quality Assurance, however, are most heavily under the gun in these kinds of situations because we are the ones that are the &quot;last line of defense&quot; when it comes to making sure things are working well.  When it comes to Agile development methodology as applies to testing, how do you satisfy all that required paper trail and other standard procedures and policies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:59:51.610" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:59:51.610" Title="How do you adapt agile testing techniques to a regulated industry?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="605" CreationDate="2011-05-16T13:11:39.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;copy pasting myself from elsewhere-&#xA;The Agile manifesto says &quot;working software over documentation&quot;, it doesn't say you shouldn't write documents at all if you have to.&#xA;When Agile is used in real life it might be used with some adjustments, few examples from my experience- new HW is involved, the customer requires full specifications before any development is done, the SW is part of a larger system and requires approval from the system's architects.&#xA;You can still work in short release periods delivering working SW, do LESS documentation, design LESS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T13:11:39.073" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="615" CreationDate="2011-05-16T13:38:05.100" Score="9" ViewCount="4463" Body="&lt;p&gt;Security testing requires thinking out of the box, it noes not have clear test cases, and it is not repeatable, meaning running same set of actions over and over again will never assure security. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So I wonder, how to plan it? Isn't it better just to give a tester time for hacking a site, and then record vulnerabilities? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is it reasonable to require a detailed security test plan and what to include to it?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:57:23.887" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T06:57:23.887" Title="How to plan security testing of a web application?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="605" CreationDate="2011-05-16T14:37:31.017" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I remember a couple of years ago sitting in a session about Exploratory Testing in regulated environments and having the same question: how can you use ET on environments requiring strict documentation of the tests being done and more-over auditing the traceability between requirements-design-testing-issues-verifications-etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I heard the explanation and it seemed trivial.  You can use the part of ET that fits and still document what you did as part of your test execution.  That's when I learned about SBT and how they actually matched their charters to requirements, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But enough of ET and SBT.  I think you can approach Agile Development in the same way and enjoy the good parts of the methodology while still complying with the requirements of your industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specially around Agile, I think that if you make a really critical analysis you will reach the conclusion that there is nothing related to &quot;Agile Testing&quot; that cannot be also employed on Non-Agile (let's call it traditional?) methodologies.  This prompted me to write a post in my blog about &lt;a href=&quot;http://qablog.practitest.com/2011/03/agile-thinking-instead-of-agile-testing/&quot;&gt;Agile Thinking instead of Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case I think that you should really understand what you like about Agile Testing and find the ways of applying this to your current methodology.  My guess is that you will be able to implement 80% or more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="359" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T14:37:31.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="495" CreationDate="2011-05-16T14:56:55.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two parts to this: understanding the project well enough to test it, and planning the test process.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are lots of ways to familiarizing yourself with a new project.  You should read as much of the project documentation as you can.  If there's a prototype, try it out.  If you have questions, write them down and follow up with the author or someone else more familiar with the project that you are.  I like to draw diagrams that showing the relevant entities, relationships, parties, and actions.  When I ask questions, I take the diagram with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No doubt there are entire books and websites devoted to writing test plans, and you can use as search engine as well as I can.  How you assemble the plan will depend on who else is available to help you.  I prefer to work breadth-first, i.e. start with an outline, maybe have someone review it, and then start digging in on the details.  If you get writer's block, you can often use a search engine to find lists  of criteria to use for tests, e.g. things to test for Windows apps, things to test for web forms, things to test about web navigation, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As  you dig into the test plan details, you will come up with more questions.  Write them down, put a placeholder in your test plan, and then keep writing.  When you have enough questions, follow up with someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is much more to say about planning, but you specifically asked how to get started, so I'll stop there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T14:56:55.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2011-05-16T15:15:25.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answers below are based on the framework that we've built, which uses a state machine to traverse the application we're testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The URL (or, rather, a compiled regex representing the URL) is indeed a property of the individual page objects in my test suite. They all descend from a base page object very similar to terryp's (though we've converted to PyQuery instead of BeautifulSoup -- mostly). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;code&gt;__init__&lt;/code&gt;, the page is scraped for form elements, and they're wrapped up into a .form attribute.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The WhereAmI method of the state machine pulls the regexes from all the page objects in a given module (e.g., lib.pages) to find the most appropriate one. In cases where one url is used for many different pages (ajax, etc), other identifying information based on content (eugh, I know) is used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the state machine model we use, the state machine is an iterator. So, the browsing from one page to the next happens in the &lt;code&gt;next()&lt;/code&gt; method on each page object (via &lt;code&gt;__iter__&lt;/code&gt; on the state machine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="511" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T15:15:25.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="597" CreationDate="2011-05-16T15:49:02.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;this way there are cases where a test passed for version X, failed for version X+1 but reported as Passed anyway.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes no sense to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When testing version X, everything should start out as &quot;Untested&quot;.  When testing happens, each test would then become &quot;Passed&quot; or &quot;Failed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When version X+1 is available, everything again gets set to &quot;Untested&quot; and the cycle starts over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T15:49:02.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="607" CreationDate="2011-05-16T16:46:44.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a similar question with an idea rather than an answer. I am beginning testing on a website and starting security soon as well. My understanding is that it is almost better to have a set of &quot;exploratory&quot; testing points rather than step by step processes to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;login&#xA;- attempt html code&#xA;- attempt SQL injection&#xA;etc.&#xA;&#xA;Address bar&#xA;- reach root directory&#xA;- edit files contained within parent directory&#xA;etc.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows a tester to have the freedom to &quot;try&quot; hacks that not everyone is aware of. This is extremely dependant on a testers experience. With that being said, where would someone get a list of known &quot;hacks&quot;? Or how does someone list &quot;hacks&quot; or methods of hacking for examination? This information isn't just listed somewhere for testers to &quot;examine&quot; correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="512" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-29T17:44:03.150" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T17:44:03.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="597" CreationDate="2011-05-16T16:50:05.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had to do this in a past company so I know where you are coming from, it took a bit of a mindset for me to come to terms with this but the way we ended up looking at it is each build had its own test.  Cumulative Results don't work, defects that are caught in earlier builds, and are fixed in later ones are not going to be representative of your final results.  You will always need to come back and think about the new build as fresh and untested, even if it looks like you could get away with bringing some of the earlier statuses forward - you will just get into trouble and it won't be representative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We always said that the current results are a snapshot of the current build, regardless of how the earlier builds fared.  What I did with the results, and was somewhat useful, was to get a history of pass/fail on each test so I knew what to focus on later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T16:50:05.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="607" CreationDate="2011-05-16T16:52:22.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a security tester, however, your test planning will vary depending on whether you need to maintain the secure status of the web application, or whether you are doing a one-off &quot;this application is secure&quot; set of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, I do think you need to plan - but for one-off test sets you don't need to plan for repeatability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd look at classes of common vulnerabilities and potential harm, and use a matrix of these to prioritize tests: starting with common, high damage potential scenarios and working through to the less damaging, then less common scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your plan here should be a living document - a template of techniques to use to try to break the security of the application. That way, you don't accidentally overlook something in your testing, and your test cases document the methods you used and the results you received.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T16:52:22.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="607" CreationDate="2011-05-16T18:26:30.633" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, your product probably has &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; kind of security-related provisions: e.g. authentication, authorization, password recovery, prevent one user from seeing another user's data, and so on.  There will be positive and negative test cases for those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond that is the more complicated stuff.  There are tools available for scanning websites for security problems (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tenable.com/products/nessus&quot;&gt;Nessus&lt;/a&gt;), and you should plan to use them.  There are companies who will do security testing for you.  They may use those same tools and/or employee hackers who specialize in this kind of thing.  This is a very specialized discipline, and most QA folks don't have the skills or the up-to-date knowledge to do a thorough job at it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer also depends on the risks of someone breaking into your site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-05-16T21:41:40.960" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T21:41:40.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="619" CreationDate="2011-05-16T19:19:51.537" Score="22" ViewCount="3246" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing that I've benefited from in my testing career is that I do have some knowledge of software development coding methods and concepts.  While I probably could not code my way out of a paper bag (or at least, not before I suffocate), I can read code and understand what is being attempted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a good requirement to consider when hiring a new tester or is this just a &quot;bonus&quot; item on a resume?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2019-09-25T20:36:09.273" Title="What benefit does having developer experience or background have on the effectiveness of a tester?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-05-16T19:35:08.963" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The ability to read and understand code is a useful attribute for &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; testers (in my opinion), and a strict requirement for some tester roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But whether it is a good requirement for hiring new testers or just a nice-to-have depends solely on the needs of the specific position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T19:35:08.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-05-16T19:51:36.873" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the product and the needs of the position.  A programming background is obviously useful if the position calls for test automation.  It may also indicate a general  aptitude applicable for other technical skills, e.g. data analysis.  Of course the lack of a programming background does not imply a lack of other technical skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have met testers with a programming background who joined QA as a stepping stone into a full-fledged developer position.  There is nothing wrong with that as long as the tester is sincere about doing as good a job in their QA position as they hope to do in their eventual developer position.  A tester who has programming skills but who is reluctant to perform manual tests when they are called for, or who is generally unenthusiastic about testing, is a liability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-05-16T20:22:30.437" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T20:22:30.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-05-16T20:04:04.940" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what you want your tester to do.  I do think it is a skill that is worth paying more money for, but I'd rather have a passionate, skilled tester than one that reads code for most positions.  Having at least one tester who can read (and preferably write) code is a very handy thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the one end, you have testers who can use automation tools but can't modify them, but who know what tests will find the bugs and are great at reducing bugs and communicating.  Often these testers are very experienced, and can approach a testing problem and break it down quickly.  I am fortunate enough to have worked with such individuals, and I learn a lot from them.  However, they can only do black-box testing.  While there is a lot that can be covered with black-box testing, especially with test-savvy developers who can perform test plan reviews and experienced testers who can often guess at invisible boundaries or perform skilled exploratory testing to find hidden boundaries, there are some things white box testers might be more likely to find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other end, you have SDETs, who are full software developers who apply their skills to the domain of software testing.  SDETs will not only test, but will usually develop test tools as well.  A tester who codes can write fixtures, automated checks, test scripts and so forth, and can write well-organized, maintainable automated test code.  The key downside is that such a tester is also a developer, and gets paid like one.  The secondary downside is that such a tester might really want to work as a pure developer, and their testing skill set might be weak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the in-between level that you are mentioning, you get white-box testing.  Such a tester is someone who can look at the code to identify equivalence classes and boundaries that aren't visible &lt;em&gt;unless&lt;/em&gt; you look at the implementation of the code (or have an overly-detailed spec).  You might also get debugging, depending on how comfortable the tester is in the IDE.  A skilled reader of code might be able to reduce the up-front documentation burden on the developer, by using interfaces to determine the behavior of the functionality, so documentation can be written later in the cycle and testing can happen sooner.  A skilled white-box tester could even participate in code reviews and find potential bugs before they are ever coded in, eliminating the extra development and test time that would have been devoted to those issues.  Because this hypothetical tester can't write code, however, developers may still need to develop tools for this tester's automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T20:04:04.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2011-05-16T21:04:14.067" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I write my Selenium tests in Clojure, a Lisp that runs on the JVM.  While it is possible to define objects in Clojure, it makes more sense to organize Lisp code using functions rather than objects, so my tests are all written as functions with the occasional closure.  (I mention Clojure to put into context why I don't use page objects, not as an endorsement or recommendation to anyone else.)  Despite what I just said, I think some of my answers my be applicable to your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't test the resulting URL of a page.  For each page, I have a function that knows how to navigate to that page.  The function knows the URI.  Its parameters include the base URL and any parameters that need to be included in the final URL.  If there are multiple paths to a page, I test each of them in the context of the originating pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My tests usually don't have state specific to a page.  There may be global state (e.g. usernames and passwords for logging in to accounts with different kinds of privileges), but since that aren't specific to a page, I store them in a global &quot;context&quot; that gets passed around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &quot;go to page X&quot; function does a driver.get(URL), or rather it calls a function that calls driver.get(URL).  It assumes that the browser session is already in a state where it makes sense to go to that page.  For example, if you must login before going to page X, an external force (a test that wants to know what happens when you go to page X) will first login via the login page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T21:04:14.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="495" CreationDate="2011-05-16T21:25:28.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest approach is to write use-cases with alternate and exception scenarios. Map the requirements to the use-cases and ensure that all requirements are covered by scenarios.  Your use-cases then translate directly to test cases.  If you are testing to lower level units the same approach applies, just write the use-cases for the lower level units.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="516" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T21:25:28.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="605" CreationDate="2011-05-16T21:55:11.623" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the key here is to realize that documentation is no longer a task when you are in a regulated industry.  It is now a released feature, with interested clients and external stakeholders that you need to satisfy.  You should treat it like a user manual would be treated on a non-regulated project.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For our team, we deal with externally released documentation by putting the documents into the sprint as features to be released.  We make estimates for these document user stories and treat them like any other user story on the sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T21:55:11.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="667" CreationDate="2011-05-16T22:37:14.963" Score="36" ViewCount="1954" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://projects.ict.usc.edu/itw/gel/EricssonDeliberatePracticePR93.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Deliberate practice&lt;/a&gt; is the key to developing mastery of a skill. If you want to practice your programming skills, there are a wealth of resources like code kata.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the equivalents for test design?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited to add a bit more detail about deliberate practice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order for deliberate practice to be effective, it needs to be demanding, targeted at improving specific areas of your performance (and you have to approach your practice with specific goals in mind), continuous feedback on performance, self-reflection, and repetition of that practice over a long period of time.  Code kata work because you have a specific goal, you can see when you've reached it (feedback), and compare your performance with other people's attempts (again feedback, and self-reflection), there are a lot of kata targeted at different areas (targeted at specific weaknesses, repeated practice).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-09T10:23:22.930" LastActivityDate="2020-07-09T10:23:22.930" Title="Developers have code kata to practice skills. What test equivalents are there?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="624" CreationDate="2011-05-16T22:45:07.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For starters, there's every piece of software in the world if you just want to improve testing skills.&#xA;For a deeper practice, I recommend things like open source projects, &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;weekend testing&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;uTest&lt;/a&gt;.  Although I've never been able to make the time for weekend testing, I've participated with uTest a few times and always found it not only a great way to subsidize the cost of my professional development, but, I've also learned a lot from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-16T22:45:07.270" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="585" CreationDate="2011-05-17T01:30:17.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Advantages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(OOP) Separation of defining objects from implementing them in methods.  Define once, use it multiple times.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clarity of tests / self-documentation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;loginPage.typeUsername;&#xA;loginPage.typePassword;&#xA;loginPage.submit;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Easy to maintain - e.g. if the login page elements get updated, you can just go to your loginPage Page Object class and update the methods identifying the elements&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Takes time to build the infrastructure (as mentioned before)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requires good enough programming skills to design the automation suite (+ or - depending on the programming skills of the team)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-02T21:32:13.387" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T21:32:13.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-05-17T01:46:27.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The biggest advantage I have realized is the ability to understand the code and develop a good intuition.  The knowledge of how it is implemented (not actually looking at the code line by line) definitely helps narrow down the cause.  Although it is not the necessity for a QA / tester to tell a developer the cause of the bug, it always helps to have an intellectual discussion.  This has also helped me gain good respect of a developer.  That in turn, helps avoid many unnecessary lengthy discussion or arguments as the developer has a good confidence in the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effectively saves time.  Let's consider an UI based product that is to be tested on multiple browsers.  If the tester develops a good understand of the code, he/she may not have to test on all browsers to be confident of the bug e.g. the bug may be because IE doesn't support a particular type of rendering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ability to predict the critical modules to test.  With time, a good understanding of the product at technical level might help the tester to correctly predict the modules that are more sensitive to break and test those modules before others&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating and maintaining automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall reputation - Earning respect because of the depth of knowledge always helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T01:46:27.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="630" CreationDate="2011-05-17T02:19:45.470" Score="11" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing I've picked up about testing software is to think about the software from the user perspective, and to sometimes &quot;use&quot; the software the way a &quot;normal&quot; user would. However, what if the software is not familiar to you in a &quot;user&quot; context? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work for as an automated tester on an project management application for accountants. I have no formal training in accounting nor project management. I'm much more familiar with scientific software, including highly esoteric software for highly specialized scientific tasks (like Maple CAS and EEG visualization software). Clearly, this is a different part of the software world. How can learn how to use the software from a user perspective? I'm not really front facing and don't interact with customers or distributors.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T20:09:55.580" Title="Testing Unfamiliar Software" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="624" CreationDate="2011-05-17T02:45:52.483" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my favourites is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grr.org/ParkCalc.php&quot;&gt;Parkcalc&lt;/a&gt; ... Parkcalc is a real world application for calculating how much your parking is going to cost at the Gerald R. Ford international airport. It is also full of bugs, yet it works mostly. The requirements come in the form of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grr.org/PDFs/AirportMapWeb.pdf&quot;&gt;parking brochure&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you don't pound the real one into the gound there are a couple of self hosted versions, like the one &lt;a href=&quot;http://adam.goucher.ca/parkcalc/&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parkcalc is somewhat infamous after it was a &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot;&gt;weekend testing&lt;/a&gt; target, and there are a number of disections of the bugs that can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://testkeis.wordpress.com/2010/04/11/a-testing-exercise-parkcalc/&quot;&gt;available&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parkcalc is also a great tool to demo the capabilities of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.shino.de/2010/07/05/parkcalc-automation-a-short-reflection/&quot;&gt;automated testing tools&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T02:45:52.483" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="628" CreationDate="2011-05-17T03:34:41.960" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two supporting features that are great for testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical ability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Domain knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technical ability is more along the lines of &quot;I'm testing a game, and I know graphics libraries. I'm more likely to be able to spot rendering flaws.&quot; Domain knowledge &quot;I'm an accountant, I will recognize a problem with accounting software faster than most people.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are excellent supporting features, but neither are required. The most important feature of a good tester is the ability to find bugs. These supporting features just give you a better understanding of the requirements, and it follows that understanding the requirements better will help you better find flaws in the program. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, a good tester (or developer, or manager, or ANYTHING) is a quick learner and will be able to operate effectively even if you're unfamiliar. They're also more likely to seek knowledge on the topic. I don't know if there are accounting blogs (it doesn't sound too interesting, but I'm not an accountant) but perhaps taking half an hour or an hour to do some general research in accounting will help. I know there's a money Stack Exchange - perhaps you can ask, answer, or just read some questions there to get some better general knowledge about your given domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any manager worth their salt is going to make allowances for someone who wants to actively become better at their job. After all, an hour a week is 2.5% of a 40 hour week. I would not find it difficult to imagine your productivity to go up by at least that with just a little bit of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line - if you can pick up domain knowledge, that's awesome, but don't beat yourself up over not having it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T03:34:41.960" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2011-05-17T04:03:27.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Python and Selenium 1 and find page objects very useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mostly don't care about the URL. I check the page contents to make sure I'm where I expect.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Most of the fields in my page objects relate to form fields on the page. I also have object fields that can read bits of static text based on the DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have a base class with a variety of utility functions (wait_for_element, wait_for_text, wait_for_page, diff(actual,expected), login, etc). The base class also holds the Selenium session object. Most subclasses are initialized from a base instance: &lt;code&gt;p=HistoryPage(base)&lt;/code&gt;, but I can also do &lt;code&gt;p=base.clone_to(HistoryPage)&lt;/code&gt;. This is mostly passing the Selenium session around, probably a better way to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The base class handles most navigation, with &lt;code&gt;base.visit(&quot;link=Settings&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; most often. Some page objects have methods that do navigation and return a new page object for the new page: &lt;code&gt;transaction_page = history_page.find_transaction('canceled')&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="59" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T04:03:27.287" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="624" CreationDate="2011-05-17T04:38:49.493" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anything is good practice for QA. It doesn't even need to be software. I have tried all sorts of QA approaches on the elevators in my office building, as their code is buggy as hell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll admit that it's a difficult question for me to answer, though, because I can't really turn my &quot;QA sense&quot; off at all. It's constantly running, looking at how things work and how to break them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T04:38:49.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="400" CreationDate="2011-05-17T06:10:15.443" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingpodcast.com&quot;&gt;testingpodcast.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have over 200 quality software testing podcasts listed as of May, 2011.  Series with more than 20 podcasts include Matthew Heusser's excellent &quot;TWIST&quot; (This Week in Software Testing), StickyMinds, Watir podcasts, Indianapolis Workshops on Software Testing, and RBCS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Categories&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ATI Podcasts (3)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DevelopSense (1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indianapolis Workshops on Software Testing (21)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;InfoQ (2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;James Bach’s Blog (2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MichaelDKelly.com Media (6)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Misc (6)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panamo QA (15)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RBCS Podcast (24)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Quality and Testing Podcasts (18)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;StickyMinds.com Podcasts (85)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Stories from India (6)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This Week In Software Testing (49)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TWiST-Plus (3)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Watir Podcast (44)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T06:10:15.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="400" CreationDate="2011-05-17T07:29:07.047" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll second Taruns answer of google video &amp;amp; CodingQA - the CodingQA guys are a really likeable duo just putting their ideas across. they don't claim to be experts, just imparting knowledge on how they operate &amp;amp; their understanding of testing methodologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find itunes proves more fruitful if you search for actual topics, as opposed to high level subject areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My search for &quot;agile testing&quot; &amp;amp; &quot;software testing&quot; turned up limited results, but when I searched for things like &quot;exploratory testing&quot;, &quot;james bach&quot;, &quot;Cem Kaner&quot;, &quot;James Whittaker&quot; I had better luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to search for podcasts which will answer a question I'm currently rolling around in my head - for example, I'm currently learning about exploratory testing &amp;amp; after searching around google I now have a range of buzzwords (see above) which I search for in itunes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T07:29:07.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="607" CreationDate="2011-05-17T07:36:13.750" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The above answers are correct, and depending on the importance of the security, you are probably best advised to get some security experts in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, in order for you to have a go yourself, some useful resources I use to dabble in security testing / ethical hacking are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&quot;&gt;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hackthissite.org/pages/index/index.php&quot;&gt;http://www.hackthissite.org/pages/index/index.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&quot;How to break web software&quot; James Whittaker&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I practice on googles gruyere &amp;amp; on friends websites to provide them feedback on their security - You can find some interesting holes, which really aren't that well hidden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T07:36:13.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-05-17T12:17:16.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It aids if you want to do deep dive/unit level tests, api tests or automation.  Understanding code also makes it easier to debug, you know where to go and what tools to use to find the nitty gritty details that make a good bug report and target the fix.  It can also open up other roles, doing and maintaining builds, release processes and tools as well as tool smithing for automation or test tools.  I've found in small companies have a wide array of skills and capabilities makes you a more respected employee and gives you some &quot;cred&quot; with the developers when you can help them out on tasks so they can focus on coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I started in Test I didn't know how to code, taught myself and learned by asking questions and now its made learning new products easier as I can follow the code much better and understand what it's doing most of the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T12:17:16.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="605" CreationDate="2011-05-17T12:45:22.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a similar question, which I posted on softwaretestingclub.com :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/forum/topics/ieee829-testing-standards-in&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/forum/topics/ieee829-testing-standards-in&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What i've taken from the answers, not only from the site, but also peers at my current client, is that there is still documentation in Agile, but less of it, and less up front. The information in your stories could be rolled up into official documentation as each story could effectively be seen as a micro v-model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One response from Anna Baik really hit the point home for me :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;...the only way you can document your testing is by planning it all out up front! Is that really what the regulator wants to see, or do they want to see evidence of what testing you actually did, and how you decided whether it was enough?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anna also provided a link which be useful to you :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingreflections.com/node/view/7771&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingreflections.com/node/view/7771&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T12:45:22.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="628" CreationDate="2011-05-17T12:52:39.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does the application you are testing have on-line help?  or a manual?  Those might be a good place to start.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what about access to designers, support or coders?  If you can find someone who has worked with the software for a long time they may be able to give you an overview to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T12:52:39.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-05-17T13:01:38.297" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to be sure every option/path is tested (click the button, use the hot key, tab to it &amp;amp; enter) then you want to detail every step.  And unfortunately sometimes that tedious details is necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the flip side, for a test focused on something else I find putting in specifics can narrow the test &amp;amp; prevent problems from being found.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm a key-boarder, and have missed mouse click errors as a result.  If I write &quot;tab to this button &amp;amp; &quot; in my test plan I've narrowed it down so much the next person to pick up &amp;amp; execute the plan will also miss the mouse click error.  Sometimes, encouaging other testers to 'do their own thing' when navigating through less relevant steps of the plan is better.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T13:01:38.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-05-17T13:09:05.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do think it can be a bonus on your resume.  And depending on what you want to do in testing may be a requirement.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that said, I don't think it is necessary for all testers.  A good test team should be a balance of those who can code &amp;amp; automate, individuals with good domain knowledge and others with great testing skills and background.  If you comprise the test team of only one type of employee you end up with a lop-sided team that doesn't do very well.  They may automate the daylights out of your software but without domain knowledge could be automating all the wrong stuff.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T13:09:05.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-05-17T13:20:29.193" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most useful thing I've found since moving from being a developer to a manual/ automated QA position is being able to talk to the developers in terms and language they understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="524" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2013-07-24T21:43:46.763" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T21:43:46.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="647" CreationDate="2011-05-17T13:37:32.503" Score="26" ViewCount="31640" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to fit regression tests into a Agile/ Scrum development cycle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been working as the sole QA person in a 4 person Scrum team developing a new web client in jQuery. I am finding a lot of my time is taken creating and running manual test scripts on the new stories and bug fixes during each sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some part regression will be covered by unit tests from the developer side and automated tests from the QA side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where regression testing fits in the cycle or is it enough to run unit and automated tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="524" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T07:58:51.100" Title="Fitting regression testing in a Agile/ Scrum development cycle" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="645" CreationDate="2011-05-17T14:30:43.433" Score="8" ViewCount="743" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, tasked with testing a piece of software for which there are no requirements, a tester will resort to white box testing.  Are there times when that is inappropriate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example.  At a prior job, we had some loosely-worded requirements for some reports and a general requirement for a datamart (a reporting database) for running ad-hoc reports.  The developer chose to implement the (loosely-specified) reports on top of the datamart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The datamart had a different schema from our transactional database. There was a tool for transferring data from the transaction database into the reporting database.  The tool ran on a server and was not user-facing.  The tester was tasked with testing the tool, not the reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tool was driven off of SQL queries.  The tester's strategy was to read each query, figure out what it was supposed to do, and write a set of tests that tested the behavior of that query.  So for example, say the goal of a query was to read rows from table X in the transaction database, fiddle with the  data, and write the results to table Y in the report database.  The tester would write a test that inserted some rows in table X, calculated what the expected results should be, ran the tool, and then verified that the expected rows showed up in table Y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always wondered what would happen if a test failed: would the tester question whether there was a problem with the tool, or would he assume his test was wrong?  After all, the tool had no explicit requirements.  This seems like a risk for any type of white box testing, and I wonder whether the maintenance costs of this kind of test justify the effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="88" LastEditDate="2012-02-19T18:42:16.077" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T12:58:55.730" Title="When is it inappropriate to use white box testing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="644" CreationDate="2011-05-17T14:50:44.027" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excellent question.  I think this comes under the heading of the &quot;Application is its own specification&quot;.  In the absence of requirements or specs, the best way of knowing what an application is supposed to do is to start using the application.  If you actually have access to the code of the application, that extends this idea where the code itself becomes the requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the example you gave, if the test failed, that's when a communication channel to the developer needs to be opened, if it's not opened already.  Communicate to the developer what the assumptions were, what was done, and what the resulting output was.  Dialog with the developer then can determine if the tool is functioning as expected or if this is a found &quot;bug&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think, to answer the original question, in the absence of clear requirements, white-box testing is a more than appropriate tool to use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;if the internals of the AUT are available&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  It really is the only way to know what test cases need to be run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-24T16:21:39.940" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T16:21:39.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="646" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="659" CreationDate="2011-05-17T15:14:24.760" Score="16" ViewCount="387" Body="&lt;p&gt;How much testing of your automated scripts do people generally do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it best to treat the automated test suite as a separate project or part of the Agile development cycle of the product your are testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being the sole QA person writing and running the automated tests suite can you really have confidence in the robustness and correctness of the scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="524" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T01:48:47.890" Title="Testing of automated scripts" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-05-17T15:40:51.647" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally there should be a regression or &quot;hardening&quot; sprint before the project ends, and in the dream world, a hardening sprint every few cycles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest that automated tests of the steel thread of the sprint be developed as the sprint progresses, and any bug fixes get an automated test as well. This way, you build your automated regression as the development progresses with much less pain than manually re-running each manual test script for each new sprint. This also helps to deal with the common real-life situation where the regression/hardening sprints don't happen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By focusing automation on the combination of steel-thread and known breakages, you're likely to be effectively regressing the most used and most fragile areas all through development, and can use any &quot;found&quot; time to add automation for any other areas you consider potentially risky. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also found it helps to prioritize potential breakages according to likely use frequency and impact - something that's likely to happen commonly and would take the application down if it broke should have a regression test to ensure that any breakage is caught before deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, regression should be happening throughout the cycle as part of automated and unit tests, and continuously expanded to cover any new issues that arise as well as new steel-thread stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T15:40:51.647" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-05-17T15:52:34.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, where I work the answer to your first question is &quot;not enough&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your second question, I would say that you should treat the automation as part of the Agile development cycle of the application under test. The testing of user stories is automated as they are developed and accessible to you, and each run of the scripts then provides regression of all previous test cases automated (I would recommend scheduling the automation separately so you can sign off on stable development and have that running while working with new functionality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your third question, if you're not able to have anyone else review your test scripts, their ability to function and generate correct responses is your degree of confidence. That means you need to have defined and validated baselines that you know are accurate, as well as correct workflows. If your time to update the scripts to account for changes to the application is more than your new development time, that's a reasonable indication that your scripts could be more robust. For instance, if you need say 4 hours to add a new test, regenerate baselines and verify that your new baselines are accurate, but it takes you 6 hours to update the other parts of your script to handle changes to the application flow or structure, you don't have a very robust suite and could probably stand to make your scripts more modular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully that gives you somewhere to start looking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T15:52:34.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-05-17T15:52:57.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tests, depending upon the extent of complexity that you're doing with them, are almost a development project in themselves.  For myself, I have always submitted my automated test code for a code review to a peer to have them check my logic and see if there are any problems.  I do also try and make sure that I execute each code path at least once to make sure that everything works cleanly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, as an automated regression suite, I would prefer automated tests to be treated as their own project.  If there's an Agile development going on, there need to be tasks to adjust/add to/create new automated code for the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T15:52:57.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-05-17T16:20:10.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would answer them with respect to my job position -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I do make sure that my tests fail when there is a failure, to do so I need to simulate false failures in scripts to check if would really fail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In my job it is part of agile development life cycle. Many a times I work on automating scripts, while dev is doing development (though I would not have access to testing hooks till UI is available)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;That's little tough, I usually ask others (outside my team) to review my code, execute it and give me feedback if some thing could be better. But if none is available to you then review you own code. May be after a while u have written it. You yourself might find better ways. Well I do...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T16:20:10.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-05-17T16:28:07.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To your first question, it's impossible to automate everything, and there are many schools of thought on how to decide what to automate, but my general rule of thumb is to automate a sampling of the test cases for each feature based on their requirement priority.  Some tests are just important than others.  &quot;Can I add / edit / and delete this record&quot; is a more important question to answer than &quot;Are the records sorted correctly?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To your second, I think it depends on the type of automation, and how time consuming it is to add addtional tests to your suite. GUI automation requires functional features and is difficult to include in the agile process I feel.  Unit testing and functional testing at lower levels can be included in the development effort and testers can collaborate with developers in the creation of tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to your third, have your automated tests found bugs? Have they prevented some show-stopping issues from reaching the customer?  Does your department rely on your tests to check functional areas to save time from performing manual regression?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you answered yes to any of those, I think you should be proud of the work you've done and take confidence from that.  That said, you shouldn't stop trying to improve the work you've done to make it even better.  Schedule some time to meet with the developers on your team to explain what your tests cover, and how they work. They might have some great ideas for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T16:28:07.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-05-17T16:29:02.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer that my testers understand code and are able to code up whatever is necessary to get a good automation going.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Having said that, I am ambivalent about testers actually reading developer code. In an ideal world, developers and testers should operate off the specs to avoid any contamination of the thought process. Example: Developer puts in hack x in code with comment saying this is a hack. Tester happens to see this, and writes his test around this hack - which usually causes trouble in the long run either way. When the hack is removed, tests break due to unnecessary coupling with dev code / If the hack remains for too long - some features might go untested.&lt;br&gt;. &#xA;One of the main reasons we have testers is the fact that they bring in a different set of ideas to the table. No point in diluting that by making the tester a half dev by involving him in every code review etc. scrupulously. In practice, this gets very hard to implement with a clear delineation, so its better to find a suitable middle ground that works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="526" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T16:29:02.143" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-05-17T16:44:16.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To get your questions in order (since I go through this exercise often)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As much as I can, including getting someone else to review them or run the scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation should always be treated as a project as it has the same end result, a product that people will use.  Treating it otherwise ends up with something without maintainability and basically use for a one-shot, if that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the sole person no, that is why I bring in others whenever I can&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My advice is plan in out, get releases out to those who will use it, talk to the people and document EVERYTHING.  You will not be there forever and you want the next person to have an easy time using your work, otherwise it will be scrapped when you leave and you don't want your time treated like that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enjoy, and have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T16:44:16.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-05-17T16:49:12.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kate has some good advice there, though its hard to get that hardening sprint you can bring it up during the retrospectives.  What I'd suggest as well is try to schedule some time for a little regression testing each sprint to keep up on the work.  Try a few acceptance tests from previous sprints and see what you can do, that way you will have a better feel all along on how things are progressing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T16:49:12.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="644" CreationDate="2011-05-17T17:28:46.373" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem here isn't white-box testing.  The problem is that there is no specification.  This is where domain knowledge and product familiarity really matters.  A tester who just tests that the code does what it was intended to do (from the dev's point of view) by reading the API could very well miss a variety of issues, such as a business requirement that wasn't communicated to the developer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run into this situation, I do three things in parallel with white box testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I ask around to ensure I didn't miss any specifications that were written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I raise concerns up the ladder - dev, PM, business owner usually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I ask many questions, and ask them visibly.  Our team puts an &quot;Open Questions&quot; section at the bottom of our wiki specifications for precisely these situations, and I can then email out a link to that section of the functional spec the developer has created to everyone who might know about &quot;hidden requirements&quot;.  If the dev didn't create a spec, I'd make my own document that included an &quot;Open Questions&quot; section.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The risk of white-box testing in this scenario is that I could more easily neglect these steps if I weren't self-disciplined or experienced enough to know better and miss business requirements that weren't successfully communicated to the developer.  I will also need to defend to the developer and PM why I need to do these steps even though I can &quot;just look at the code&quot;, but that usually isn't difficult.  If I were only black-box testing, I wouldn't be able to make any progress at all until these steps were done, so there is very little risk of these steps being neglected.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, this isn't a reason not to white-box test.  The specific advantage of white box testing in this particular case is that I can make more progress on my tests &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; I get complete answers to what the product should actually be.   This is in addition to the other advantages of white-box testing, such as finding features that the developer knows to implement that the business owner didn't know to ask for (e.g., monitoring and logging usually fall into this category at our company).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T17:28:46.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="657" CreationDate="2011-05-17T18:23:43.897" Score="19" ViewCount="9359" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Automated Testing&quot; as a term seems to have a number of different uses.  For some, it means built in unit tests that, when a new build is run, execute to make sure code refactors have not broken something.  That is not at question here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What seems to be the question, though, is the difference between automated tests that are used to execute the initial tests against a program/product/feature for initial verification and automated tests that are run against a program/product/feature to make sure that nothing that had been working before is now broken.  I know I kind of answered my own question for the definition of the two, but what I'm looking for is practical characteristic differences.  What would you do in an &quot;automated test&quot; that you wouldn't do in an &quot;automated regression test&quot; and vice versa?  ARE there any differences?  Does one lead into another?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-22T12:12:18.157" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T12:15:48.097" Title="What is the difference between &quot;automated testing&quot; and &quot;automated regression testing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="656" CreationDate="2011-05-17T18:36:39.243" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;The truth is for a lot of people, there isn't a difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A regression test is something that is going to check your test results against some requirements. Good examples of this are unit tests and functional tests. They tell you whether or not your application has &lt;em&gt;regressed&lt;/em&gt; in its functionality (hence, regression.) Of course that assumes it was properly functional in the first place, but the point is still valid. (Note: someone may correct me and say functional tests aren't regression tests. I would be perfectly fine if they did and explained why they do or don't qualify!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other types of automated tests: fuzzy inputs and automated exploratory testing come to mind. These are not always going to have predictable, repeatable outcomes like your regression tests are. They would be a fairly tedious and time consuming effort for a tester to do manually, so there's nothing wrong with automating it and viewing the result. It helps put the limit of testing into how fast you can think, and then automate, as opposed to how fast you can click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people I talk to, especially those in development, consider &quot;automated tests&quot; to mean &quot;automated regression tests&quot; and they honestly don't realize it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T18:36:39.243" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="624" CreationDate="2011-05-17T18:40:37.243" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could look up Testing Dojo's as well, and add another URL to the answer list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testing-challenges.org./tiki-index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing Challenges&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some Programming Katas might be useful as well, I believe there used to be a few Ruby Kata's that were more geared towards testing but that was a few years ago and I don't know what the state of those are now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://exposinggotchas.blogspot.com/2011/03/introducing-code-kata-project.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruby Kata github project&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://codekata.pragprog.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Code Kata blog&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the original has stalled, or I can't find it, but these two seem newer and more interesting.  When I get time to get into Ruby again I'll probably try them out myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2014-06-13T13:15:53.957" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T13:15:53.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-05-17T18:55:52.353" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think testing test cases themselves, beyond running them and getting a code review, makes sense.  However, testing reusable test code makes some sense; the question is whether it makes enough sense to justify the time that would be invested.  I think that question needs to be answered component by component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't generally do testing of test code beyond running test cases as I create them to ensure they behave as expected.  I've come to realize that the test cases I run are implicitly testing my test harness / fixtures every time those test cases are run.  I do execute a test run after making significant changes to test code on a previously tested project, to ensure that I am not getting different test results on the same piece of code.  Getting different results would suggest a test code bug, so regression tests for other features end up also being regression tests for my test code.  In general, I find tests and test code tend to &quot;test themselves&quot;, since most test bugs cause the test checks to fail.  The biggest exception is the test harness, which exists before any tests do, and gets some basic tests to ensure that passes and fails are recorded correctly, data is properly loaded from the DB, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have occasionally found test bugs where the test case wasn't testing what I thought it was.  However, these are rarely caused by testing code bugs IME (after the first successful run) and are usually caused by either a bad specification or bad test data (e.g., running the wrong file through the test).  These kinds of bugs are difficult to test for; bad specs are best found through intense curiosity, and bad test data is usually only found when a bug doesn't make a test fail but should have, and is detected through some other means (often another test case that implicitly tested that behavior).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IME, all testing needs to get on the backlog in one form or another, but specifics don't matter as much.  We currently make test harness changes their own user stories, but fixtures and test cases are tasks on the relevant user story being tested.  I've done it the other way, with all testing tracked as its own project, but that tends to hide testing a bit more.  I think the main thing is that testing gets written down somewhere where it will be taken seriously and get attention when people are making their scheduling decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know my tests are good quality when I see my tests finding lots of bugs and very few bugs getting through.  I can guess my tests are good quality when I see a strong correlation between how many bugs I find and what the quality of the product seems to be.  There have also been occasions where I have &quot;parallel tested&quot; software, myself automating and a black-box tester using exploratory techniques.  I've found that we find the same number of bugs, with 80% being the same issues and about 20% each being different, but of similar severity and priority, in the same time frame.  This has given me a great deal more confidence in my test automation skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some testers do more than this, however, using techniques like mutation testing.  Mutation testing is when a set of artificial (perhaps random) small changes are made to the system under test.  The question then becomes, does your test catch those changes?  If the production code is well-designed without dead code, you should be picking up those regressions.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://amzn.com/0596159811&quot;&gt;&quot;Beautiful Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt; has a chapter on mutation testing in part III of the book (chapter 18).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2011-05-18T17:12:09.460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T17:12:09.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="656" CreationDate="2011-05-17T19:21:59.020" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;To supplement glowcoder's answer, mainly with more examples, automated regression tests are a subset of automated testing, but there are other kinds.  Some examples of non-regression automated tests are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any automated test that will be thrown away and not used to test for regressions is not a regression test, including unit tests that are not used later for regression testing.  Technically, any automated test written for new functionality is not a regression test until it has verified correct functionality at least once.  Only then can it verify that the functionality hasn't changed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliability testing, where you have your system under test run in a near-production environment as long as possible to see how long it will run without errors or crashes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stress testing, which is about seeing how the system under test behaves under heavy use or limited resources; you might remove CPUs or reduce bandwidth, or simulate a large number of users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some performance testing may not have specific checks to verify and might need a person to interpret the results, although some performance tests can be run as regression tests (e.g., &quot;Run 100 iterations of this function.  If it took less than 5 seconds, pass; else, fail.&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Glowcoder mentioned fuzz testing, which is randomized inputs to a function, but the topic deserves some expansion.  With fuzz testing, the tester is looking for unexpected behaviors that could cause problems, such as security holes, crashes, and hangs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm making this a community wiki, so people can add other examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T19:21:59.020" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-17T19:21:59.020" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-05-17T19:36:12.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team deals with this by making a task for manual testing for every user story, so it gets budgeted and estimated along with all the other tasks.  However, the goal is to automate as much as possible to reduce the load for manual testing (possibly to zero, e.g., you might be able to automate everything you can think of with an API).  When making a decision to automate or run tests manually, the technical debt incurred by failing to automate up-front should always be a consideration.  I personally like to always budget for exploratory testing on most user stories even if I think I can automate 100% of the tests, just in case I come up with some creative ideas later in the sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T19:36:12.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-05-17T19:40:42.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As most other posts have pointed out, the amount of detail included in a manual test plan depends on the testing experience and abilities of the tester.  Prior to recent organizational changes, all of the tests that were written by QAs within my department were also executed by fellow QAs within the same department.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What this meant was that we could assume that the tester would not need the test writer to map out every navigation step and write the test like a 'user guide'.  However, with a recent organizational shift to SCRUM Development in which the goal is that SCRUM teams can take on defects for all products within the organization and each task in completing a Change Request becomes a 'team goal', we often find ourselves in situations where a QA without specific knowledge of the product being tested is executing the test.  Also, we often have developers executing tests to help reach our 'team goals' since developers outnumber QAs by 3 to 1 on my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I quickly learned is that when you write tests at such a high level as soon as someone less familiar with testing procedures or the product that you are testing attempts to run the test, you find yourself so involved that you'd might as well be running the test yourself.  I now include much more detail in the testing steps as well as any prerequisites such as data setup, scripts for data verification, etc.  The extra work during test writing saves hours of time later on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="528" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T19:40:42.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="628" CreationDate="2011-05-17T20:09:55.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the User perspective you should also understand who the Customers are, they may be in the same boat as you and just told to use the software without training.  Some may seem familiar to them with Domain Knowledge, but that is picked up and often testing in that realm can discover very different bugs because you are exploring the software and doing things NO ONE expected you to do.  After awhile you'll get familiar and things won't be so tough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Training, if they offer it to their customers, might be useful as well and you might get to hear some User issues or complaints during the training you can bring back with you as test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T20:09:55.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="664" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-17T21:09:30.420" Score="19" ViewCount="6023" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this isn't too subjective. I am curious to know what measures to use to assess the quality of a given software release. The measures would need to be applied to multiple different projects within the organisation and so the measure have be reasonably generic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally I would like to  use the measures to help move release deadlines when necessary as well as to push back to developers when I feel enough unit testing is not being done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have thought of the following that could be potentially measured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect rate per hour of test time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defects per hour of dev time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;% of defects that are coding errors. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;% of functionality with no outstanding defects (assuming the testing cycle is complete).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="56" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T10:31:48.710" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T10:31:48.710" Title="What measures do you use to assess software quality?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="656" CreationDate="2011-05-17T21:18:40.060" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some good answers added already, but I haven't seen this distinction yet, so I'll add it to the pile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may automate some tests for initial verification of the build against requirements - but another way of describing that is that you may decide to conduct specification workshops, with the goal of distilling Key Examples, that you can then turn into &lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/2010/08/04/lets-change-the-tune/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Executable Specifications&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gojko Adzic describes this much better in the blog I linked above - but for us, the key difference here is that this automation is meant to &lt;em&gt;illustrate&lt;/em&gt; the requirements rather than to &lt;em&gt;test&lt;/em&gt; them. So rather than trying to get a lot of coverage of different permutations as you might with a regression suite, you are deliberately keeping the set of examples smaller.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess another way of looking is that if you're familiar with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agiletester.ca/.../Chapter__9x_Quadrant_Summary_v3.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Test Quadrants&lt;/a&gt;, then it's the distinction between business facing tests that support the team, and business facing tests that critique the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further info:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acceptancetesting.info/the-book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.acceptancetesting.info/the-book&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://specificationbyexample.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://specificationbyexample.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T21:18:40.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="664" CreationDate="2011-05-17T21:37:23.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those are a pretty good base, but if you are focusing on unit test then you should monitor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code Coverage (from your unit testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with code coverage through is that it is hard to pick a percentage that gives you &lt;strong&gt;true value&lt;/strong&gt; from your unit tests. 100% coverage usually means that you are testing areas of code that have little of no risk of failure. Usually around 70% is a good number that will find most defects for value. However, you can figure that number yourself out over time, if the coverage is dropping and your finding more defects then you can ask for more unit testing. However, if the figure is high and you are not finding any more defects then you might be tempted to allow it to drop a little. It's really a trial an error process in my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T21:37:23.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="624" CreationDate="2011-05-17T22:04:16.697" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;testerab,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great question. I'm a huge believer in these kinds of activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You Would Enjoy Spending Time with Markus Gärtner&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I think of the software testing community's response to code katas, I think of the prolific testing blogger Markus Gartner and his involvement in promoting Testing Dojos.  They are collaborative, facilitated, group exercises designed to test software, explore new testing ideas, and learn from one another. Actually DOING testing, not just talking about testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Video Describing Testing Dojos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xwxAU.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Markus recently spoke at EuroStar about Testing Dojos.  His seven minute video, available &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZ3Gdwg-I-Y&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, is well worth a listen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detailed Written Report&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, Markus has written a detailed report about his experiences at Belgium Testing Days when he led eight collaborative testing missions in two days.  His full report (some of which is shown below) is available &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.shino.de/2011/02/19/belgium-testing-days-testing-dojos-report/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cWOL6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources of Ideas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When asked for his advice recently on a testing mailing list, Markus recommended &lt;a href=&quot;http://testing-challenges.org&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testing-challenges.org&lt;/a&gt; as a great source of ideas for Testing Dojos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Weekend Testing - Now With a Group Near You&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not least, &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;weekendtesting.com&lt;/a&gt; is an outstanding way to roll up your sleeves with other testers and learn by doing. There are chapters in India, Europe and North America now.  There is even a Weeknight testing event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-05-25T17:50:27.233" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T17:50:27.233" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="664" CreationDate="2011-05-17T22:18:50.943" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem I can see with counting defects, is that all defects are not equal. You might move a release deadline when you find a single bug  -  a showstopper resulting in complete data loss for the customer, but you'd be unlikely to do so for even a few dozen cosmetic bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand - you can't just discount cosmetic bugs either. What if that cosmetic bug is a misspelling of your company's name, or a typo that renders a sentence unintentionally obscene, bang in the middle of your home page? Suddenly, all cosmetic defects are not equal either. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Equally, you might be &quot;95% done&quot; - but the remaining 5% is a critical business function, and it's been blocked by one bug after another for the last five months, and you're now having to explain to senior management that just because the percentages look great, that doesn't mean the project is in good shape and you really really need more time. You need to factor in not just how many bugs, but where they are, and where you &lt;em&gt;haven't&lt;/em&gt; been able to test yet. If most of the app is inaccessible due to a handful of blocking bugs, or this particular project requires tedious and lengthy data setup, you might also have really low defects per tester hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're going to be basing release (or rather, not-release) decisions on these measures, you need to be very sure that the measures you use genuinely reflect what you want to measure - as we can see, mere defect counts don't do that well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's time to trot out my favourite paper: Kaner and Bond's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/metrics2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Software Engineering Metrics: What Do They Measure and How Do We Know?&quot;&lt;/a&gt;  Reading this, and applying the advice within will help you to evaluate the measures you choose. Poor metrics are extremely dangerous - they &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; become the rope used to hang you. I've worked on a team that was suffering from years of reporting on a measure that didn't reflect the risk - we got pressured to make the numbers better, even though we knew sometimes that made the testing, and the product, worse. :( It's really tough to argue against an established measure though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what other options are there? Well, Gojko Adzic has &lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/2011/04/27/visualising-quality-initial-ideas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;listed some useful suggestions&lt;/a&gt;. I really like the idea of heat maps - either to measure which files are associated with most defects (it's just occurred to me that we could implement this at work by gathering the information we have on JIRA - we have subversion checkins associated to each issue, so if we can separate the issues that are bugs, we might have some interesting data. No idea how much work that will be though!), or a functional measure to show how much testing you've conducted in an area of the application compared with how much you feel is needed. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.co.uk/2011/10/google-test-analytics-now-in-open.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;attribute-component-capability matrix&lt;/a&gt; is also interesting - being able to identify that there are blocking bugs in areas that are key to the business is a compelling argument.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of passing a build back to developers, here are some approaches I've seen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify key end-to-end paths through the app. Create a carefully selected set of acceptance tests that cover key paths through the app - for an ecommerce site, one test might be that a customer can order and checkout.  &lt;em&gt;ALL&lt;/em&gt; tests must pass before you start testing. (It can be a small set, if you pick carefully - a small set is much easier to get agreement on.) If you frequently have integration bugs that block large areas of functionality, this is worth using.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You find X number of bugs of severity Y within the first few days of testing. This one didn't work, I never saw a build returned and it led to endless hours wasted wrangling over just how severe a bug was.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More than X% of planned test cases blocked. This is one of those that seems objective, but it's actually very subjective - maybe one project has a test lead that writes lots of short simple tests, another one has a test lead who tends to write long complex tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope some of the ideas above are useful to you. This is an area I find really interesting, but unfortunately, I have a lot more questions than answers. (I think testers should approach software engineering metrics with just as much skepticism as to the systems they test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-10-26T23:52:30.563" LastActivityDate="2014-10-26T23:52:30.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="607" CreationDate="2011-05-17T22:24:28.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would probably look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STRIDE_%28security%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;STRIDE&lt;/a&gt; and allocate a given time to each of the threat areas, the duration that is allocated however, will be determined by the skill and experience of the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there aren't any experienced security testers in the team then you probably wont get any really value from doing this in house, it really is a specialist area. You can risk assess each of the threat areas and accept the risk depending on the outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-05-17T22:24:28.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="624" CreationDate="2011-05-18T00:27:59.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software testing can be a very repetitive job.  When testing something for the tenth time, it is easy to fall into a mindset of &quot;This is boring, so I'm going to get this over with as quickly as possible.&quot;  We fall back on easy assumptions about how the product is built and how it will be used.   And yet we are paid to pay attention and question assumptions, even on the tenth time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe a tester needs to cultivate paying attention.  Sometimes this means stepping away from your work, your smart phone, your laptop, your iPod, and your game console, and just being quiet.  Practicing this deliberately, on a regular basis, may help you to slow down and pay attention to your work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T00:27:59.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="656" CreationDate="2011-05-18T02:03:30.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically when regression testing is talked about, it's tests that ensure features don't break from one release to another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing is a big category. It includes, but is not limited to regression testing with it's sub categories like  smoke/bvt testing, unit tests, scripted UI automation. There are lots of other kinds of automation. Monkey automation that just randomly pushes buttons and looks for crashes, randomized fuzz testing, data integrity testing of databases and semi automated tasks are some examples. There are many more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, the traits of good regression tests are different than other categories of automation. Regression test code needs to be relatively fast, reliable, diagnostic and easy to maintain. The goal is not to find &quot;good&quot; or new bugs. The goal is to ensure the changes to the code base don't have a ripple effect that isn't notices early on. Your regression tests should always be passing. If a test is failing every day for a week and no one cares you have a problem. Soon it will be two, then ten and then no one will care about the regression reports because &quot;those things never pass anyway.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a large class of ad-hoc automation and semi-automated tests. These should be cheap, planned to have a short lifespan and be super useful in either finding new bugs or pointing out areas where bugs might be lurking. Simply parsing log files with a perl script or logparse.exe and looking for anomalies is a good example. Because the results often require human judgment to parse, writing super clean automation to find bugs that may or may not exist has a poor return on investment. It's possible to find entire classes of bugs, which then need a root cause and some focused regression tests very cheaply. Don't apply the rigid coding standards to throw away testing. Rule of thumb, if it's faster to just write the script again next release than to document and check it in, throw your junky code away and make a note to do it again next release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance and Stress automation are not often considered regression automation. You can make your perf and stress automation into regression tests, but it's not always cost effective. They often end up in the semi-automatic camp where a person has to curate the tests and the results for each run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly there is a infrastructure automation. Deployment scripts, database cleanup jobs and the regression test framework are examples. They often fall into a gray area between test and product. Some of the best infrastructure automation has built in build-test-deploy cycles. None of that is regression testing per se, but having good infrastructure automation is a key to a smooth process.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="479" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T02:03:30.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="672" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-18T02:10:16.063" Score="5" ViewCount="493" Body="&lt;p&gt;For those of you who have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-pairs_testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pairwise test design&lt;/a&gt; methods (or similar &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/combinatorial-and-pairwise-testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;combinatorial software testing&lt;/a&gt; methods) in an attempt to zero in on a manageable number of unusually powerful tests from among a very large number of potential tests that could be executed...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have you ever applied these test design methods and achieved poor results?  If so, what poor results did you observe?  What factors led to the poor results? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have you thought about applying these test design methods and concluded that a pairwise (or similar) test design approach would not work in a given situation?  If so, what factors led to your conclusion that pairwise or other combinatorial test design methods could not be used to achieve desired results?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for sharing your experiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-28T07:47:51.343" Title="What types of testing are LEAST suited to using pairwise testing (and similar test design approaches)?" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="664" CreationDate="2011-05-18T02:18:35.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;If you want to build a ship, don't drum up the men to gather wood, divide the work and  give orders. Instead, teach them to yearn for the vast and endless sea.&quot; - Antoine de Saint-Exupery&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be wary of what you measure. By measuring something and reporting on it, you will incentive behavior for good or ill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The measures you select will create a system that can easily be gamed. A very few bad actors will (possibly unconsciously) cook the books and cause moral problems for the people who are trying to play by the rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best defect fixes are the ones that you never see. When a unit tests catches a developer early, they don't report it, they just fix the bugs. By (implicitly) rewarding testers for finding bugs you will increase your cycle time, perhaps unwittingly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what you should be measuring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team autonomy, technical challenge and feeling of purpose&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer Satisfaction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The bug cycle time (from defect found to checked in and signed off)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The average feature cycle time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agility&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your ability to ship good software is a function of the health of the organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="479" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T02:18:35.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="674" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-18T05:44:10.480" Score="-4" ViewCount="877" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the most popular bug tracking / issue tracking tools, in order of popularity?  I've been scouring the web but can't find a definitive (and ordered) list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I suspect that near the top of the list will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FogBugz&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JIRA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mantis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trac&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BugZilla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TFS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_issue-tracking_systems&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia has a really big list&lt;/a&gt;, but doesn't give you any sense of popularity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="535" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:48:01.527" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:48:01.527" Title="What are the most popular bug tracking tools?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ClosedDate="2011-05-18T18:32:33.307" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="674" CreationDate="2011-05-18T06:14:32.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FogBugz&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used a few and even though it sounds biased based on the stackexchange creators, I'm all about FogBugz. Not only do I use it for bug tracking, I also use it to manage projects and my team's workload. It is just so easy to use. The easier to use, the better chance bugs are going to get entered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="537" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T06:14:32.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="664" CreationDate="2011-05-18T06:22:13.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me it's easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Customers (ie low production support) = High Software Quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unhappy Customers (ie lots of production support) = Low Software Quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, talking to the team. As one of the other posts stated, not all bugs are equal in magnitude. Encourage your testers to speak up when the quality is going down the drain. They should know better than anyone or any metric.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="537" LastEditorUserId="537" LastEditDate="2011-05-18T19:40:49.163" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T19:40:49.163" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="672" CreationDate="2011-05-18T09:56:47.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The underlying assumption for those methods is that any two parameters are independent from each other, so any two parameters that do have some kind of dependency will show poor results, i.e. your coverage will not be as good as expected.&#xA;When I tried to use pairwise the first step was to find independent enough parameters, I couldn't find any that will also save run time. On top of that I got loud complaints from the developers that using combinations of parameters will make theirs life harder finding and debugging problems.&#xA;I test complex embedded systems BTW.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T09:56:47.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-05-18T10:02:08.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my previous project we ran a set of unit tests on the core of the testing scripts every time we submitted something the source control system. The objective was to make sure we didn't break important basic functionality (loggers, parsers etc.) that can affect the whole automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T10:02:08.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="679" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="693" CreationDate="2011-05-18T10:12:26.500" Score="4" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;My project inherited a document describing test procedures. It describes the expected results in terms of &quot;the test fails if&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over time we found that this way to describe results is not sufficient and added an adjacent &quot;the test success if&quot; section, but the &quot;fails&quot; section stayed as it is quite useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I asked the original writer why he used this, he didn't remember. Googling and reading some certification documents, I found few examples of this negative phrasing. Anyone knows the source of this way of writing expected results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:59:27.580" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:59:27.580" Title="Should I use &quot;the test fails if&quot; instead of &quot;the test succeeds if&quot;?" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="664" CreationDate="2011-05-18T12:12:51.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For small projects, I can get away with watching the incoming bug rate and the severity/count of known defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T12:12:51.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="682" CreationDate="2011-05-18T12:20:24.733" Score="14" ViewCount="812" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is more a request for your professional opinion than a question...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are seeing how test automation is spreading to more and more organizations. This in itself is a good thing, but at the same time it brings creates big challenges to organizations that want to run automated tests but still rely on manual testing to cover an important part of their scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote &lt;a href=&quot;http://qablog.practitest.com/2011/05/manual-and-automated-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a post&lt;/a&gt; about what I learned from working with some customers and other QA Managers, asking for their insights on the subject; but I'd like to get inputs from other testing professionals who have run into similar or different issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the challenges you've encountered when integrating your manual and automated testing efforts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="359" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T10:21:53.133" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T10:21:53.133" Title="What are the challenges around the integration of Manual and Automated Tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="681" CreationDate="2011-05-18T12:57:17.957" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The primary challenge that I've found when it comes to integrating automated tests with manual tests is the general lack of experience of folks writing GOOD automated tests.  As noted in another post, there are serious problems with organizations buying into &quot;record and playback&quot; test automation.  If an organization starts on this route and doesn't have anyone committed to creating a good automation structure or framework that is NOT based upon record and playback, this generally reduces the confidence in the automation as being unreliable, not reusable, and generally a waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with that challenge is the general perception that adding automated tests of any sort is a &quot;silver bullet&quot; that will cure all the quality ills of the software product.  Automated testing is a tool that is used by software testers to help ensure the reliability of a product but just like you don't use a hammer to drive in a screw (well... you can, but it REALLY messes up what you're working on), there are certain things that automation is well suited for and certain things that it is not.  Each organization, each product, has to make those evaluations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if you have a good grasp on creating an automation framework and you realize that it's a tool, the problem that then faces organizations is having dedicated resource to the automation.  When push comes to shove and deadlines start to pressure, as usual, testing time gets cut from projects.  And the first piece of testing time to cut is automation.  &quot;Let's just get it tested and out the door.  We'll catch up on the automation later.&quot;  And, just like with any other part of the SDLC process, later never comes.  There needs to be resource specifically set aside, both time and personnel, to create, maintain, update, and improve existing automation so that it will continue to be a good tool and a good asset to the organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T12:57:17.957" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="681" CreationDate="2011-05-18T13:58:11.533" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When people talk about the maintenance cost of automated tests, the first thing that comes to mind is the cost of fixing things that break: APIs that change, UIs that are restructured, file formats that change, and so on.  But you also need to keep the automation up to date with the feature it tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't as easy as it sounds.  It is possible that no one in your organization knows what specific test cases the automated test covers.  With manual tests, you probably have some kind of documentation.  The automation developer may have written something down when they first wrote the code.  By default, the documentation will not stay up to date with the test.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automation developer may remember what the test does if he/she still maintains it.   On the other hand, if they're no longer on the project, there is a good chance that no one is keeping track of whether automated test is up to date with the feature it is supposed to test.  Ultimately, the only way to figure it out may be to read and analyze the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a product, if the feature set gets out of date, your users will tell you.  With an automated test, the only output you really care about is PASS, FAIL, or ERROR.  The test will pass regardless of whether it covers the new things the dev team added to the product in the last two releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A short time after it's written, an automated test becomes a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/LeakyAbstractions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;leaky abstraction&lt;/a&gt;.  People think of the automation as &quot;The Thing That Tests Feature X&quot; or worse, &quot;The Test That Tells Me Whether Feature X Works&quot;, rather than &quot;The Thing That Tests What Feature X Did As Of Release Y&quot;.  Avoiding the leaky abstraction requires at the very least maintaining a list of what new things &lt;em&gt;aren't&lt;/em&gt; in covered by the automated test.  If you know that much, you may be able to bridge the gap with manual testing.   Either that or you can ship bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are things automation developers can do to help with this problem.  One strategy is to write things down, but as I mentioned earlier, documentation has to be maintained, just like comments in your code.  Another strategy is to write your tests so that the test cases are separate from the test code.  Sometimes this isn't possible or worth the trouble, but to the degree you can do it, it will be easier to discern what the automation does -- and what it doesn't do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T13:58:11.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="679" CreationDate="2011-05-18T14:48:49.320" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's the matter of conventions in the team, no more. Expected result &quot;test fails if the login form is absent&quot; is identical to &quot;test succeeds if login form is present&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test cases can be incomplete, but it does not matter what convention was used, if tester forgot to add a check for the presence of a search field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T14:48:49.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="679" CreationDate="2011-05-18T15:11:20.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The requirements documentation should give a clear description of what is expected.  That should always be written in such a way that anyone can tell if the software is successful at meeting that requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that, I don't think it matters either way which one you choose.  I don't think you need to include both, but you do need to define in the test what determines a pass or fail.  For us, we have a test step description, a set of expected results after executing the step, and then a pass/fail checkbox.  If the expected results are met, then the test passes.  If not, then the test fails.  The expected results can be written to include positive and negative.  The test step could be &quot;Navigate to the URL for the login page.&quot;  The expected results could then be &quot;The login page is present.  No errors are encountered in software startup.&quot;  The test is not just successful if the page comes up, but the page must come up with no other adverse effects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T15:11:20.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="686" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="688" CreationDate="2011-05-18T15:41:24.737" Score="17" ViewCount="520" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is considering offering an application for Android devices and iPhones.  What are some of the challenges of testing a mobile application that are different from testing a PC application (or an application that runs in a browser)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T15:00:17.573" Title="What are some ways In which testing a mobile application is different from testing a PC application?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="679" CreationDate="2011-05-18T17:39:24.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For sure, I don't think you would want both on the same test. Your requirement will be either exclusive (more failing conditions than passing conditions, so you'd want to say &quot;passes if...&quot;) or inclusive (more passing conditions than failing conditions, so you'd want to say &quot;fails if...&quot;). If you had both, that would indicate a more complicated requirement such as &quot;passes if the search box is prompted to the user, but fails if the color scheme doesn't match the rest of the dialogs.&quot; That would make me want to make two tests out of it, one that the prompt comes up, and another that the prompts color is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think a system-wide standard of &quot;defining tests in terms of fails if...&quot; and not allowing the &quot;passes if...&quot; methodology would cause needlessly verbose (and obfuscated) test cases. The same would be true if passes were permitted but fails were not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only requirement I would put on the phrasing of the documentation would be that it effectively maps the test case to the requirement and either explains what the reader needs to know to interpret the test, or points them to further information where they can get their explanation. Both the passes if and fails if approaches are appropriate in their own circumstances, and should be used when they are the correct choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T17:39:24.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-05-18T18:14:29.703" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Off the top of my head:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Memory footprint. Allocations that &quot;rarely&quot; fail on a desktop OS may fail on a mobile platform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Battery impact - on a desktop app, it's common to have a thread polling, or a background task. On a mobile platform, activities like this can drain battery pretty quickly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desktop applications often assume reliable network access. Mobile platforms don't have consistent or reliable network access&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're using automation tools (or other tools) to help test your desktop applications, they likely won't work on a mobile OS. You'll need to look for alternate tools or mobile versions if these are critical to your testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Location awareness -- if the app uses GPS or Cell-based location information, you need a mechanism to test related cases -- no location info available; unexpected locations, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen sizes and orientations -- In addition to different screen resolutions (especially on Android) and phone vs. tablet testing, most mobile platforms can dynamically switch from &quot;portrait&quot; to &quot;landscape&quot; mode without warning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there are big areas I'm missing, but the community should take care of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastEditorUserId="271" LastEditDate="2011-05-23T03:00:07.173" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T03:00:07.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="689" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="691" CreationDate="2011-05-18T20:54:39.760" Score="10" ViewCount="1793" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question was inspired by: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/643/fitting-regression-testing-in-a-agile-scrum-development-cycle&quot;&gt;Fitting regression testing in a Agile/ Scrum development cycle&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two out of three answers there suggest a hardening sprint every couple of cycles. There's also mention of adding exploratory testing throughout the sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Kanban, theoretically you can decide to release at any point. How do you fit regression or other &quot;whole system&quot; testing - like say performance/load testing - into that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T23:39:51.497" Title="How do you fit regression into Kanban?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;kanban&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-18T21:58:34.463" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually testers are &quot;advocates of the user&quot; only when helping with user acceptance test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More often, testers are &quot;consultants to the product owner.&quot; In that role, they help to assess risk and focus testing on high-risk stories. In addition, they exercise low and moderate risk stories to identify defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="546" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T21:58:34.463" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-18T21:58:34.463" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="689" CreationDate="2011-05-18T22:00:06.107" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Kanban you don't really have the problem of the sprint ending before you are happy that a feature is fully tested and working, so there is no need for an equivalent hardening sprint. Instead you would hold the work item in the test state until you have a robust set of automated test that verify the acceptance criteria. Limiting the work in progress means that is there are a lot of testing tasks then the team will need to focus on reducing this before new work items can begin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance and Load testing should be ongoing and part of the test state and added to for each work item that enters into this state if required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for exploratory testing, you can arrange a time, for example every Monday 9am to 11am , that the whole team will do exploratory testing and then discuss the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will also need a mechanism for keeping incomplete features out of a deployed build such as feature switch that will allow you to turn on and off a particular feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T22:00:06.107" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="451" CreationDate="2011-05-18T22:13:02.360" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to emphasize that usefulness (like quality) is a subjective and personal/organizational thing.  In other words, the general question &quot;Is it useful?&quot; needs context, of which some person(s) is the most important part.  I made the distinction because I found that people lump checking into testing in a way that I found *un*helpful.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in DuncN's situation above, people see checking as part of testing.  That's cool, and I agree. The trouble starts when people see checking as &lt;em&gt;equivalent&lt;/em&gt; to testing, which it is manifestly not, unless you decide to simplify testing to the degree that it loses most of its information value.  As my colleague James Bach likes to point out, it's as though people treated compiling--which can be automated--as the only interesting and useful part of programming.  Anyone who knows something about programming will tell you that compiling is probably the least interesting part about programming.  I argue that, similarly, running checks is the least interesting part of testing.  Yet some people seem fascinated by it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the story on that: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/08/testing-vs-checking/&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/08/testing-vs-checking/&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/11/merely-checking-or-merely-testing/&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/11/merely-checking-or-merely-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Bruce...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason so many people who think seriously about testing reject the ISTQB is because its material fails to make distinctions like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of letting the ISTQB tell you whether something is useful or not, you could &lt;em&gt;check it out for yourself and make your own evaluation&lt;/em&gt;. Then, if it's not useful to you, that's totally cool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---Michael B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="547" LastActivityDate="2011-05-18T22:13:02.360" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="679" CreationDate="2011-05-19T00:16:52.907" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid I don't know the origin of this way of phrasing and I've not seen it before, however I was surprised to see that the answers here consider 'fails if' equivalent to 'passes if', as I quite strongly consider the two to be very different from each-other and also my opinion is that 'fails if' is slightly superior to 'passes if' for manual tests anyway - if I think about an automated test it seems only able to assert a 'passes if' or a 'don't fail if'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taking the example from glowcoder's answer, a requirement for a search box that is prompted to the user. In a test step that tests this condition, we could say 'the test fails if the search box is not prompted to the user' or 'the test passes if the search box is prompted to the user'. They seem equivalent - both do not fail if the search box is prompted to the user but consider the following results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual Result: The search box is prompted to the user but there's an error on the page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'fails if' pass or fail: undetermined&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'passes if' pass or fail: pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual Result: The search box is prompted to the user but the label for Search is spelt 'Saerch'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'fails if' pass or fail: undetermined&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'passes if' pass or fail: pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual Result: The search box is prompted to the user but it takes more than ten seconds for the search box to load&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'fails if' pass or fail: undetermined&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'passes if' pass or fail: pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully there's not much in it, as any manual test will hopefully be run by someone with the ability to identify that although the pass criteria are met, if errors occur when the search box loads, then the step cannot really be considered to be passing. It just &lt;em&gt;feels&lt;/em&gt; to me that 'passes if' may have an increased tendency to encourage confirmation bias in the tester, in that they only need to look for one pass condition to be able to move onto the next step with confidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I don't use either terminology in my test scripts tending as I do to use a more dispassionate and less leading terminology like 'There will be a search box that is prompted to the user'. I have to able to safely assume that the testers I work with are able to look around the software under test and read far more than I could ever write into a test step. In my opinion there are always many more possible failure conditions than there are easily identifiable passing ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T00:16:52.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-05-19T06:46:14.297" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some thing spring to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cellular coverage affects not only your internet connectivity but also loads the CPU &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile devices CPUs are usually slower &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile OS's impose a lot of restrictions that doesn't exist in Desktops, for example IOS handling of multi tasking  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compatibility is a pain, Android or IOS behaves slightly different on different devices, even screen resolution is different. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Battery impact has more sides to it, mobile OS's have tricks to save power so you might find yourself in places you didn't expect. One example are data calls that can go dormant, taking seconds or more to resume. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cellular data introduce large delays and packet losses ratios, for example mobile TCP timers are much larger, making detection of connection loss more difficult. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2011-05-23T03:01:30.667" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T03:01:30.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="695" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-19T07:11:22.407" Score="19" ViewCount="2804" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed that there are no dedicated QAs in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackexchange.com/about/team&quot;&gt;stackexchange team&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since they are indeed making an awesome product, I wonder: When is it possible to have an absence of dedicated quality assurance people, without leading to decreased quality of the delivered software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T15:08:51.343" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T15:08:51.343" Title="When is it OK not to have dedicated testers/QA team?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T08:02:01.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Always.&#xA;The fact that a product is great, only suggests that with a dedicated test team the product would be even better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T08:02:01.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T08:15:29.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO hwhen the &lt;strong&gt;developers do both development and testing work&lt;/strong&gt;, you do not need testing team. The advantage is &lt;strong&gt;developers design and code more for testability&lt;/strong&gt; and supposedly for maintainability too. Of course, &lt;strong&gt;quality&lt;/strong&gt; is then &lt;strong&gt;not viewed as &quot;something extra&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; done &quot;by the other people (testing team)&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T08:15:29.913" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T08:53:50.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on the product first and team second (strictly in that order).  If you have software developers willing to consider testing as an important part of their role &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; you have a good Unit/Integration test strategy &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; your users are willing to accept a slightly lower quality product then not having a dedicated test team is more than acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember stack-overflow is making an awesome product, but at the end of the day it a &lt;em&gt;relatively&lt;/em&gt; simple (and certainly not mission critical) web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If on the other hand a medical or military project was to be released without a dedicated test team I would have serious concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T08:53:50.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="699" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="704" CreationDate="2011-05-19T10:21:06.800" Score="7" ViewCount="601" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any approaches and tools for driving the development of JavaScript with BDD. I know that I can do this through the UI with tools like Selenium, but is there any tool that can allow this to happen at the unit testing level?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would ideally like to write scenarios for the JavaScript behaviors and use unit tests to prove that the JavaScript works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:58:33.733" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T12:57:03.990" Title="Behaviour Driven Development with JavaScript" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T10:32:13.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you have an application you need dedicated testers and also it depends on the complexity of the application. you can never tell we don't need testing any more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T10:32:13.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-05-19T10:36:21.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tester's usually tend to forget usability and random testing. I am sure usability is a very low priority in major application's but this kind of testing helps in getting major credibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T10:36:21.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="702" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-19T11:39:37.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It applies to every question, but it is especially important for the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/interview&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;interview&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;interview&lt;/a&gt; questions to indicate an own research prior to asking the question here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Useful links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/133/should-we-update-the-faq-to-indicate-that-interview-questions-are-not-acceptable&quot;&gt;https://meta.sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/133/should-we-update-the-faq-to-indicate-that-interview-questions-are-not-acceptable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/21/what-should-our-faq-contain&quot;&gt;https://meta.sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/21/what-should-our-faq-contain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastEditorUserId="7154" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T15:51:56.340" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T15:51:56.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="703" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-19T11:39:37.903" Score="0" Body="For questions related to interviewing software testers - either side of the desk." OwnerUserId="2482" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T16:47:46.063" LastActivityDate="2013-03-09T16:47:46.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="699" CreationDate="2011-05-19T12:14:34.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pivotal.github.com/jasmine/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt; is a BDD tool for JavaScript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T12:14:34.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T12:22:19.597" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dedicated Testers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that it is important to highlight that the &lt;strong&gt;role&lt;/strong&gt; of being a tester, is different to the &lt;strong&gt;job&lt;/strong&gt; of being a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many situations where you need testing, but you simply can't afford or are unable to have dedicated testers, i.e people who have that job 100% of the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You simply don't have enough testing, or resources to be able to justify the cost of a dedicated tester (e.g. 2 man startup)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are in an organisation where you actively practice role combining, i.e. your UX or PM might act in the testing role.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You use Business Analysts to perform the testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All very valid reasons not to have dedicated testers. Yes, dedicated testers are the preferred option, however that doesn't mean that they are always appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you follow the mantra &quot;Quality is everyone's responsibility&quot;, then you can actually get great results without dedicated testers under certain circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dedicated Team&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I prefer NOT to have a dedicated team. I think that the feature team approach, where testers are one role embedded alongside developers is a much better way of doing things. A separate QA team can build an us vs them mentality, which is not healthy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T12:22:19.597" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T12:35:21.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case my guess is your product is used by such tech savy users that you get plenty of feedback when problems do pop up.  And CBA said it isn't mission critical.&#xA;As long as your developers continue to do a good job &amp;amp; you are willing to take feedback from users it seems to be a model that works for you so why tinker with a good thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T12:35:21.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="707" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="708" CreationDate="2011-05-19T12:41:09.417" Score="10" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;When running automated performance tests, is it better to preload any DLL's which would slow the first run of a test?  This would improve the consistency of the test results but would not reflect the worst case scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you handle this issue in your performance tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T14:22:54.040" Title="Should you preload DLL's in performance tests?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="707" CreationDate="2011-05-19T12:46:46.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm of two minds about this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't load them - There are a number of problems I've uncovered with a web application where the DLL's and other such objects were not loaded in memory first.  Two concurrent users hitting the app at the same time before all files were &quot;spun up&quot; created some really strange concurrency issues that only happened in that instance.  If the purpose of your testing is to check these initialization conditions under load, then definitely don't load them DLL's first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load them up - For many applications, the application has been up and running for a while the next time someone hits it so most general performance testing is most &quot;realistic&quot; when the DLL's are pre-loaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, two different kinds of testing require two different answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-19T12:56:16.393" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T12:56:16.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T12:55:25.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with most of the answers here that anyone could, really, be a tester.  However, there are some differences in mindset between testers and other software development roles.  Not that a developer cannot share this mind set, but check out the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/545/453&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for a dedicated team, while that may not be necessary, there needs to be some sort of separation between testers and developers simply for accountability, at least from a management/team lead role.  Testers should be accountable separately from developers simply because, while we try not to &quot;ha ha in your face&quot; to developers, humans are humans and it is almost a conflict of interest if you need to consistently point out to your lead that their code sucks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T12:55:25.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="728" CreationDate="2011-05-19T13:58:54.327" Score="17" ViewCount="25625" Body="&lt;p&gt;When working on performance testing, one of the problems I've faced is trying to translate real-world web application traffic to simulated traffic.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A practical example is for an eCommerce site.  During a user's experience on the eCommerce site, they will be adding and removing items from the shopping cart, logging in and/or editing their contact information, updating their shipping information and preferences, applying payments, and displaying receipts or, in some cases, product for download. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, a client reports a total number of shopping carts created during an hour to be 1000 with a total over the course of a 24 hour period to be 10000.  Not all shopping carts are taken through to completion but all shopping carts have gone through some part of the above steps before fulfillment or abandonment.  Let's say &quot;think time&quot; per page is about 30 seconds.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is all &quot;off the top of my head&quot; scenario with no correlation to a real-life situation, it's more trying to find a generalized &quot;rule of thumb&quot; for figuring out how many Virtual Users to use.  In the past when I've made judgement calls, I've had a hard time justifying the numbers I've used.  In the above example, my judgement call would be based upon throughput.  How many shopping carts were completed to fulfillment within an hour?  If that number is 400, then through trial and error, I can configure a number of virtual users that would approximate that number of carts fulfilled in the hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's all still based on guess work with nothing really concrete in the reasoning behind it.  So, how can you determine the number of concurrent virtual users to configure in your load test to test performance with the above load?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2015-07-13T03:10:21.217" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:52:56.983" Title="How do you calculate the number of virtual concurrent users to use in a load test given data on actual site traffic?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="710" CreationDate="2011-05-19T14:26:25.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way that has worked for myself, and that I was taught by others, was to scale down the total number of concurrent users and think time (time where a user is not doing anything but reading), and then decrease the gap between when one user leaves and another one arrives.  It takes some math, and a lot of trouble-shooting, but, it has worked for some basic performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T14:26:25.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="712" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-19T14:39:16.337" Score="5" ViewCount="5794" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this Dilbert cartoon this week that I thought was pretty funny.  What other good software testing related cartoons are out there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wf1jJ.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-25T11:32:39.920" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T11:32:39.920" Title="Where can I find some amusing cartoons about software testing?" Tags="&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2011-05-19T16:31:09.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="712" CreationDate="2011-05-19T14:53:32.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's one that has a short list (the site hasn't been around long). &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwarequalityconnection.com/cartoon-archive/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwarequalityconnection.com/cartoon-archive/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also find a pretty good list here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestpro.com/List/Cartoons&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestpro.com/List/Cartoons&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that actually has several links to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cartoontester.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cartoontester.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've made this a community wiki so that others can add to the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-19T15:10:03.860" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T15:10:03.860" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T15:10:03.860" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T15:10:49.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's ok to not have dedicated testers if your quality is already good enough.  Of course, that means you have to accept the risk that you will go through a period when your quality is not good enough before you decide you need to add dedicated tester.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be budgetary reasons for not having a dedicated tester.  I work for a start-up that has three developers and one tester.  We had the tester from the beginning, which had its advantages, but it meant paying their salary before there was any testing to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T15:10:49.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="550" CreationDate="2011-05-19T15:49:25.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I'm not certain if these mechanisms will specifically work with the Telerik controls (I know it works with jQuery), there are a couple of ways to do this. You can use &lt;code&gt;IRenderedWebElement.DragAndDropOn()&lt;/code&gt;, but this method is deprecated. The newer way, which isn't available in a released binary form yet, but is checked into the source tree and will be released in the next binary, is to use the &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt; class to create the drag-and-drop action. Your code would look something like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void DragAndDropExample()&#xA;{&#xA;    // driver is an instance of IWebDriver; &#xA;    // elementToDrag and targetElement are instances of IWebElement&#xA;    Actions actionsProvider = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    actionsProvider.DragAndDrop(elementToDrag, targetElement).Perform();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use the &lt;code&gt;DragAndDropToOffset()&lt;/code&gt; method if you want to drag an element to an arbitrary screen location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="554" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T15:49:25.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-19T15:51:14.510" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nikita,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joel Spolsky, CEO of the team, sees a need for dedicated testers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joel has written eloquently about the need for testers (and what makes a good tester).  See his blog post &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/items/2010/01/26.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, Fog Creek appear to be trying to hire one or more testers to support StackExchange right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can excellent software be made by small teams without dedicated testers?  Yes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it a good idea?  Not necessarily, (particularly as the application grows more complex).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the Founder of StackExchange advocate building an application like StackExchange without one?  No.  See below:  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KrlGI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T15:51:14.510" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="122" CreationDate="2011-05-19T16:31:30.477" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't use the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverBackedSelenium&lt;/code&gt; class at all. It's designed to be a bridge class to help people migrate there tests using the &lt;code&gt;Selenium RC API&lt;/code&gt; (on which very little work is being done) to the &lt;code&gt;Selenium WebDriver API&lt;/code&gt;. Rather, I'd use the techniques the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverBackedSelenium&lt;/code&gt; class uses in my own tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of asserting that an element exists, you had it correct the first time. Catch the &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; thrown when you call &lt;code&gt;IWebDriver.FindElement()&lt;/code&gt; and an element doesn't exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for testing whether text exists on a page, I'd do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public bool PageContainsText(IWebDriver driver, string textToFind)&#xA;{&#xA;    return driver.FindElement(By.tagName(&quot;body&quot;)).Text.Contains(textToFind);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though it might not be entirely obvious from looking at the &lt;code&gt;C#&lt;/code&gt; bindings, these are essentially what the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverBackedSelenium&lt;/code&gt; methods are doing under the covers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="554" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T07:05:05.207" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:05:05.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="710" CreationDate="2011-05-19T16:44:10.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;NOTE:  this answer was to an earlier version of the question which was asking of you needed a 1:1 relationship between vusers, etc.  Rather than re-word it I'll let it stand as is since the info inside is still pretty sound.  But now you know why it doesn't seem to be  directly answering the new version of the question.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally if you can afford it (e.g. licenses for vusers, hardware for your test rig that's running the vusers) the best answer is to use a 1:1 relationship.  This means including think time between all the steps in your load scenarios, and can require a substantial number of vusers.  Now with some systems like open source, or VSTS Ultimate (which now has an unlimited vuser license) the cost to license vusers is not that great, and since well designed systems can run upwards of a thousand vusers from a single cpu, the hardware cost to do this is not that great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason this is best has many factors but the most important ones are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;that it forces the server side to&#xA;maintain and update parallel sessions&#xA;for each of the vusers, so the stress&#xA;on the servers is about as realistic&#xA;as you can make it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your transaction intervals and&#xA;think times are randomized, you still&#xA;have the potential to come close to&#xA;the maximum 'rush' or 'burst' of&#xA;users in a given small timeframe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter point is very important both if we are talking about simul users relative to a very short timeframe such as 1-10 seconds, or relative to a larger duration such as users per hour.  If you are compressing think times and using 100 vusers repeating a script that takes 36 seconds to simulate the load of 10000 users over an hour's time, the maximum 'peak' you can generate during that period is 100 requests.  If you use 1000 vusers each repeating a script that takes 6 minutes, your maximum peak is 1000 requests, much closer to what could realistically happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note however that in this scenario, I'm NOT using 10,000 vusers to represent the load on the site over that hours time.  Since the test is one hour long (probably representing the peak hour in the day) and the script only takes on average 6 minutes (including think time) to execute, I can re-use that vuser to simulate the load of up to 10 normal users over the hour duration.  OTOH if the peak load was 2000 users 'at once' during that hour, what I'd want to do is use 2000 vusers, and have them wait an average of 6 minutes between script iterations, so that each executes about 5 iterations of the script over the hours time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OTOH if you are just trying to model 'background load' of non-logged in guests who are browsing static pages, then condensing think times and using a single vuser to simulate the transactions from multiple 'simultaneous' users over a period of time is still fairly realistic, and can save you a bit of money when your cost per vuser is high.  Just be aware that this has the effect of creating a very smooth continuous load, which is not what happens in real life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW: the MS Patterns and Practices folks created an awsome free book (I procured a printed copy I liked it that much) on performance testing that is pretty much platform agnostic and very very well worth reading for anyone doing performance or loadtesting.  You can get it from this &lt;a href=&quot;http://perftestingguide.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Performance Testing Guidance&quot;&gt;Codeplex Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastEditorUserId="440" LastEditDate="2011-05-19T23:37:37.767" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T23:37:37.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="719" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-19T17:00:11.340" Score="0" ViewCount="1069" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/712/where-can-i-find-some-amusing-cartoons-about-software-testing&quot;&gt;Where can I find some amusing cartoons about software testing?&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Leo Rosten eloquently stated, &quot;Humor is the affectionate communication of insight.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is one such example that pertains to software testing: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x3Pxv.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for cartoons or other funny examples that convey insight about common software testing challenges for potential inclusion in software testing seminars and/or management presentations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Introducing potentially divisive issues through the use of humor can be an effective first step towards change management initiatives, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other insightful software-testing sources of comics or other humorous content would you recommend I explore?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Obviously, this is a subjective question. Please see the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/72/should-this-site-officially-welcome-subjective-questions&quot;&gt;meta.sqa discussion&lt;/a&gt; about recommended guidelines concerning the appropriateness of asking subjective questions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-05-24T02:04:59.920" Title="Where can I find some insightful cartoons and/or humorous content about software testing?" Tags="&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2011-05-19T20:22:15.560" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="719" CreationDate="2011-05-19T17:01:33.710" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's one that has a short list (the site hasn't been around long). &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwarequalityconnection.com/cartoon-archive/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwarequalityconnection.com/cartoon-archive/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also find a pretty good list here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestpro.com/List/Cartoons&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestpro.com/List/Cartoons&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that actually has several links to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cartoontester.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cartoontester.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've made this a community wiki so that others can add to the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T17:01:33.710" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-19T17:01:33.710" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2011-05-19T18:20:21.347" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there's one more piece to the answer that I see being hinted at in others' responses, but not directly called out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, automated tests are created in such a way that even non-essential details are locked in and executed the same way. This leads to what has been referred to as the Pesticide Paradox or the minefield analogy. Bugs are found when the test is created, and then the test effectiveness at finding new bugs drops as the test does the exact same thing over and over every time without variance. In some cases, you might want this behavior - barricade tests like Bruce describes, regression tests designed to look for the recurrence of certain data-specific bugs, and such. For many people, it seems like this is all automation is which is where the conventional &quot;wisdom&quot; of automated tests not finding new bugs comes from. In this scenario, the test's greatest bug finding effectiveness is at creation time. After that, as bugs gets fixed, it moves more to a &quot;providing ongoing confidence&quot; model. It may occasionally find a new bug that gets introduced, but barring any direct changes in that part of the application, it may never find further problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible, however, to create tests that extend their bug finding effectiveness past their initial creation. By thinking about each test and identifying what is critical to the test and what is only specified for convenience or repeatability, you can take advantage of the non-critical aspects for the test to provide variance.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I work on a healthcare information system. A test for registering a new patient obviously needs to actually register a patient. We might have separate tests for registering a patient through the hospital admittance, through the emergency room, or through pre-scheduling an admittance. However, depending on the test, it might not matter whether the patient is male or female, or born before 1930, or all sorts of other aspects that we'd probably say shouldn't matter. We &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; create automation that uses a given patient record to add, and have it do the same thing each time, perhaps even having done some analysis of test data beforehand to manually vary some aspects of the patient across the suite, but this single test would always do the same thing with the same data. We could also, however, hook the test up to a fake data generator and get broader variance in this particular test scenario to catch things beyond what we initially identified. This method would likely take more coding - you'd need to get the expected data values to the places where the verification occurs in addition to the places where it's entered, handle the variance throughout the code, and if repeatability is important in the context of this test, you'd need some way to either reuse a specific random seed or create a log file with an executable version of the test with hard-coded data or something like that, but the test would have the potential to find more bugs. In this case, each time you run the test it has the potential to find a new bug because it may be a &quot;new&quot; test in some way. We might be right and the things we're varying really don't matter, and in that case that we still won't find any new bugs. If we're wrong though, and something does matter, we have a better chance of finding it than if we never vary anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="555" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T18:20:21.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="707" CreationDate="2011-05-19T18:27:04.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test it both ways, especially if users are ever likely to encounter the situation where the DLL's have not been loaded up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Tristaan's answer goes into some good reasoning why you really ought to do it both ways.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, in most performance or load tests we gradually ramp up the load because that's how it generally occurs in real life. So in most cases, the delays and issues with the initial loading of everything doesn't generally have a chance to affect the performance of a system in the real world as the load on the system increases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the only time a system will get suddenly slammed going instantly from nothing to full load is in a 'farm' situation which is running at high capacity and additional servers are spun up and brought online to help handle the load (something that can happen in a dynamically provisioned cloud environment).   If that's something that could potentially happen in your case, then add that scenario to your tests as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T18:27:04.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="689" CreationDate="2011-05-19T18:34:08.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a lot of cases you work hard to have as much of your regression/performance/load tests automated and run on something like a nightly basis (since those tests can often take many hours to run, you don't want to run them with every CI build, but you do want them run regularly as often as is practical.  Having the Acceptance/Regression tests for a new feature  running is one of the final phases of getting that item through the pipe as it were, and it should not release if those things are not online and running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-05-19T18:34:08.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="725" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-19T23:18:13.337" Score="9" ViewCount="3483" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used WatiN and WebAii but I have limited experience with Selenium. How does Selenium differ from these other tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="559" LastEditorUserId="560" LastEditDate="2011-05-20T00:43:45.573" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T15:03:59.563" Title="How is Selenium different from other GUI automation tools?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="729" CreationDate="2011-05-20T00:00:05.960" Score="22" ViewCount="2062" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have noticed in the last few years that employers are now looking for QA/Developers (QA engineers that have been skilled developers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know what others believe are &lt;strong&gt;the &lt;em&gt;actually additional activities&lt;/em&gt; that these QA/Devs bring to the project&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are a few that come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reading code while doing white box testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating Unit tests along side the Developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating Integration tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not about &lt;em&gt;how development experiences enhances the testers effectiveness in finding defects&lt;/em&gt;. But about understanding what those &lt;strong&gt;value added activities&lt;/strong&gt; are, that this type of testing resource can bring to the developers and the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for your feedback!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQA Stack Exchange responses on value added activities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Providing automation of routine testing, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/72/alan&quot;&gt;Alan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explore possible software design choices for better code testability, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/563/aruna&quot;&gt;Aruna&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform white box testing, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/166/bruce-mcleod&quot;&gt;Bruce Mcleod&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T05:35:50.837" Title="What additional benefits does an software engineer bring to a QA position" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;people&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="699" CreationDate="2011-05-20T00:15:19.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the company I'm currently working on, we tested out some testing frameworks out there, and we finally decided to go with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pivotal.github.com/jasmine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. This is what we found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jsunit.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JsUnit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: This is one of the oldest unit testing framework, that was later being maintained by Pivotal Labs. But even they are using Jasmine now :P.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://visionmedia.github.com/jspec/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSpec&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: This is an RSpec like BDD unit testing framework. We didn't like some of the ways things are done with it, as well as the magic strings in &quot;&lt;code&gt;expect(cart).to(receive, 'addProduct', 'twice')&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pivotal.github.com/jasmine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: This is RSpec like as well and was the one that we found was more complete and easy to use and implement. You definitely have to try it out. The easiness of running it's web server (with just &lt;code&gt;rake jasmine&lt;/code&gt;), along it's easy extensiveness (implementing matchers is really easy) made it our preferred option.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To complement this, I would also suggest you take a look at these exquisite libraries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nodejs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;node.js&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="196" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T00:15:19.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="710" CreationDate="2011-05-20T00:21:21.520" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;All right, So Tristann kindly revised his original question to include more details in terms of a scenario.  So I'm adding a second answer to more directly address it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly you'd probably want to ask a few more questions about what the customer is most concerned with and what they want tested, here's a small sample:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what's the duration of the shoppers&#xA;that complete purchases look like for established users? &#xA;min, average, max&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many completed carts are first time&#xA;shoppers and are creating an account&#xA;during checkout. (and how much time does that add on average?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the average duration on the site for shoppers&#xA;that abandon their carts  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how many items are in the average&#xA;shopping cart that is fully&#xA;processed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how many items are in the average&#xA;abandoned shopping cart.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answers to those will go towards figuring out how many different shopping scenarios you need, and how you go about tailoring think times, and what ranges you use when randomizing them.  As you can start to see it looks like we'll want three scenarios at least, first time shopper, returning shopper, abandoned cart.  And you'll have an idea how many items you need to search for and put in the cart for each scenario etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets make up a few answers and focus on a returning shopper scenario. within a 'peak hour' test.  We'll presume that it's 10 minutes on average with a low of 5 minutes and a high of 15, and that 3/4 of the users were returning users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you create your loadtest scenario, you'll want to time it with no think times, and then adjust reasonable think times at each step so that it takes about 10 minutes to complete the script with think time enabled.  When the script is run, you'll want to set randomization on the think times to allow for +/- 50% of the stated times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So,  for a peak hour test, we'll want 600 iterations of our 'abandoned cart' scenario, 100 of the 'new user' scenario (that registers a new user during checkout) and 300 iterations of our returning user scenario.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for the returning user script, if it takes 10 min average to run, a single vuser can run the script 6 times during our test. To get 300 iterations total we'll thus need to use 50 vusers in parallel. over that one hour (50*6=300)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we presume for a moment abandoned carts is a 4 minute duration, then each vuser running that scenario can perform 15 iterations (60/4) during the hour.  So to get a target of 600 iterations of the abandoned scrip to run in an hour, you would need (600/15) 40 vusers running that scenario during the loadtest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if the new user script takes 15 minutes average to complete, then you get 4 iterations per user in an hour and you'd need 25 vusers running that scenario to get 100 iterations over the course of an hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your total ends up being 40+50+25 or 115 vusers to model the existing peak hour.  If you want to simulate an even bigger burst of traffic within that hour, you could use even more vusers, and have the loadtest tool ramp them up and then back down so you still get your iterations but have a larger peak load in the middle of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And (presuming you've created LOTS of test data already) if the customer wants to see if the site can sustain 4 times the current load, then you could run the same scenarios but using 160+200+100= 460 vusers total instead of 115&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T00:21:21.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="726" CreationDate="2011-05-20T00:44:35.463" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the best developer/testers bring what I call the boredom herusitic to software testing. Inother words, they often automate rote tasks so they can focus on testing and analysis of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example I use often is the &quot;add contact&quot; feature in an instant messaging or email client. To test the feature, I'd need to try long names, localized names, blank names, etc. I'd also need to test adding and removing a contact. The matrix of test ideas could expand pretty quickly...and I'd get bored trying all of those things - and worse, I'd never try the perf / stress scenario of adding and deleting a contact 500 times (nor would I automatically check disk and memory status during the operations).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, good test developers look at the testing problem, then figure out how they can use a program or automation to help them solve the testing problem efficiently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-20T03:02:01.443" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T03:02:01.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="759" CreationDate="2011-05-20T01:35:30.427" Score="6" ViewCount="1636" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a test environment where we need more than 10 machines, including VMs. The AUT is a Distributed Network type and uses Cassandra nosql DB. We are required to restart each of the Cassandra DBs running on each machine multiple times everyday. We are using Hudson for our build processing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I create a python or batch script that can be used within Hudson to automatically perform these tasks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: we have both Windows and Debian machines in network, so have to do both ssh and rdesktop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-05-25T17:49:48.947" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T17:49:48.947" Title="How do I write a script to be executed by Hudson to automatically restart test environment machines?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;hudson&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="646" CreationDate="2011-05-20T01:48:47.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I have written GUI automation test suites, I have found it best to treat it as a separate project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a test logic level, I have not found it a good use of time to write automated tests for the automated tests. However, at a lower level I have found it very useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I may write a common component for handling win32 dialogs, which will detect the dialog, read the message, and close the dialog correctly. When I use this in a test script, I will want it to cater for the following cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if the dialog doesn't appear as&#xA;expected? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if a different dialog&lt;br&gt;&#xA;appears?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if, for some reason,      the&#xA;dialog does not get closed? (with&lt;br&gt;&#xA;some tools, this can cause the entire&#xA;test run to hang indefinitely)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and, most importantly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if I need to update this&#xA;component? Will it still work&#xA;correctly for all of my automated&#xA;tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I can create a simple web page that simulates each dialog scenario as well as a simple test, and test that my dialog handling component can handle each case. Then when I make updates to it, I can run the test again and know that I haven't broken anything. It's much faster than running my entire test suite again and I have some reassurance of robust code driving my test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="560" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T01:48:47.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="726" CreationDate="2011-05-20T02:40:33.857" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;A tester can add value to the product and development team by making/influencing key software design choices even before coding starts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers with a programming background can understand and explore possible software design choices for better code testability and they can determine &quot;if the code is fit for use?&quot; Design choices like &quot;Dependency Injection&quot; and &quot;Decoupling&quot; can make the code robust and flexible enough to absorb future changes in customer requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code with lots of dependencies violates the &quot;Law of Demeter&quot; or the Hollywood principle. With dependency injection, the code becomes loosely coupled and there is an article explaining how test automation is connected with this &lt;a href=&quot;http://technologyandleadership.com/is-your-code-fit-for-testing%20/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="563" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T05:35:50.837" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T05:35:50.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-05-20T03:01:49.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many ways, it's more like a PC application than a browser app -- you must test with the expectation that once a user downloads your app, they may never update it, or may not update it as quickly as you'd like.   In addition to potentially buggy code in the field, you may also have to test back-end systems against various versions of the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="271" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T03:01:49.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="726" CreationDate="2011-05-20T03:14:35.537" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I find that tester who codes &lt;strong&gt;in addition&lt;/strong&gt; to great testing skills is much more effective than the non-technical equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A techical tester can esentially bring more &quot;weapons to bear&quot; on testing problems than you could without those skill sets. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Need to generate some test data? Write a tool to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Need to check security access when logged in as certain users? Write some automation to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Need to automate the deployment of your application? Write some scripts for that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Need to influence the way developers perform their unit tests? Show them how or build them a unit test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Need to perform white box testing? You have the skills to check out the code and start reading.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a word of caution. It is easy for testers who can code to only want to code. The real skill in being a QA Developer is knowing when it is appropriate to develop and when to put the tools down and just test it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T03:14:35.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="725" CreationDate="2011-05-20T11:46:30.233" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used Watir and a few other tools but the way I see it is that WAT** and some of the other options like that are framework tools, they give you a structure to build around.  Selenium is by far a recorder that you can then use that recording in other ways, either export to another language and plug into the framework or if you do need something with a lot of repeatability then its easy to record something small and play it over and over again.  Selenium to me allows you to generate quick and easy Unit Tests, which is more of its power in the realm of Free/Open Source tools, rather than a bulky Suite of tools like a Visual Studio which gives you the same function and a whole lot more.  Some people record long scripts to play back, but I find those sorts of scenarios useless as they are too fragile, you can make short Units and plug them together in a suite and get more power of the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need a free, quick Unit Testable Recorder for short tests that can export to other languages and frameworks, that also can be run in multiple browsers then Selenium is useful.  If you need more than that then keep looking for something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDITED to add note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are comfortable coding with Selenium you can do so without using the IDE and just write Selenese in your language of choice.  Some people prefer to do it this way, although if you are unfamiliar with the requirements the IDE is a good way to learn, although if you want to do serious testing you will want to extract your scripts into libraries to run your tests later on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2011-05-20T15:03:59.563" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T15:03:59.563" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="736" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="737" CreationDate="2011-05-20T13:12:45.200" Score="12" ViewCount="14137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently researching testing frameworks to test C Sharp developed web applications. I have been leaning more towards the use of Selenium over Watir or Lightweight Test Automation but hesitant over the IDE being a Firefox plug-in as would then need to find a recorder for IE as that is the browser used to run the web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wondering as to any benefits that Selenium has over these alternatives when testing web applications created using C Sharp. Anyone with experience testing c sharp web applications with any advice on the best one to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also looking at testing WPF in the future and wander if Telerik’s Test Studio is best way to go about this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="566" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T11:48:01.703" LastActivityDate="2021-02-25T04:25:34.363" Title="Whether to choose Selenium over Watir or Lightweight Test Automation when testing web applications created using C Sharp?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2011-05-20T13:59:49.017" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Users of the Selenium IDE will either use the Record-Playback mechanism or hand-code suitable statements to perform action and asserts.  However this automation can only be used manually by a firefox user with the browser plugin.  To move beyond this and have scripts that can be run on other servers and in other browsers, you should look at using Selenium Web driver which supports several browsers: chrome, IE, Firefox, opera, safari etc. Selenium web driver supports C# as well. Also you can setup Selenium Grid for remote execution of tests.  Note that you can export seleniumIDE tests to the language of your choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use selenium IDE to understand commands if you are a beginner. If you select an element on Firefox browser and right click it would display all the commands related to the selected control in a context menu. It is mainly useful for beginners. Whenever you are stuck, you can quickly refer selenium IDE for guidance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I would suggest you to go for Selenium Web Driver since it supports your requirement for IE and C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T10:58:41.077" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T10:58:41.077" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2011-05-20T14:09:36.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have some scripting skills in Ruby I would by pass the record/playback and code the test directly in WATIR &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.watir.com/&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="524" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T14:09:36.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="725" CreationDate="2011-05-20T14:57:11.267" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for rephrasing the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, I'll describe the differences between Selenium and WatiR/N as those are the two that I'm most familiar with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The IDE for Selenium is immensely useful for those who are new to programming.  It's how I learned my first bit of C#.  After a while, it becomes next to useless.  The same thing exists for WatiN, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/watintestrecord/&quot;&gt;Watin Test Recorder&lt;/a&gt;, although I've never actually used it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to access to more that you can't see on the page, Wat** is the way to go.  Need find an element by ANY identifier (I've had to use element width because of lazy developers who wouldn't change anything).  Although Selenium is getting better in this regard, I don't think that it's quite there yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cross-browser functionality.  Selenium wins this hands down.  The browsers for Wat** are somewhat limited while Selenium has been moving to more browsers inclusind mobile browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ease of Use.  Personally, I find WatiN to &quot;just make sense&quot;.  When I first switched to Selenium, I found the classes to be very confusing.  Over time, it's starting becoming more fluid though as I begin to understand it more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Community Support.  WATiR has amazing community support, have a question, it's usually already been asked and documented somewhere.  WatiN, let's just say...not so much.  Selenium however is the company standard in many organizations and the support for it has been nothing short of amazing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps a little bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T14:57:11.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2011-05-20T16:26:38.170" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid I'm not very familiar with Watir, but I do have some experience with Selenium 1 and 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used Selenium RC on a Python project before, and really loved it. But rather than RC, I have been using Selenium 2 WebDriver for testing a C# developed application. I started out using Selenium RC, but quickly switched because I found I needed support for things like OnPageLoad popups, which Selenium RC doesn't offer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Selenium 2 C# assemblies are really rich with extensible features, but there are a few notable items from Selenium 1 that are missing from 2, such as WaitForPageToLoad(), and IsElementPresent (which I was able to reproduce using a method constructed from FindElement). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the IDE: I've not found it very helpful at all, even when I was using Selenium 1 / Python. The scripts it generates are really generic and poorly constructed, and needed alot of refactoring. So, if you go the RC route, you're better off just coding everything yourself, and using the IDE for &quot;suggestions&quot;, if you get stuck on something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="545" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T16:26:38.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2011-05-20T17:44:14.067" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;For C# development, you can use either Selenium RC or WatiN.  Watir adds the need to learn Ruby, which might be nice for companies using a LAMP stack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our team had several developers look into Selenium, WatiN, and Watir for our C#-heavy project, and concluded that Selenium might be better if you had fewer testers with extensive development skills.  This is mainly due to the record-and-playback functionality in Selenium being greatly superior to what exists for WatiN.  Selenium also had the advantage of being more common and easier to find information for.  However, WatiN had richer libraries, &quot;felt&quot; nicer to code for people used to C#, and was liked better by the developers.  Both Selenium and WatiN work in both Firefox and IE with relatively little effort, but WatiN's way of handling multiple browsers felt tidier from an object-oriented perspective.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tl;dr:  I'd use WatiN if your testers tend to also be developers, but Selenium if development time that can be dedicated to testing is at a premium and you need to minimize the coding burden.  Both work well w/ C#, IE, and FF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T17:44:14.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2011-05-20T19:02:33.913" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not actually a true &quot;&lt;em&gt;either this or that&lt;/em&gt;&quot; question since you can actually use both together via watir-webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firstly:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;If we are talking about testing at the browser level, &lt;strong&gt;you can pretty much completely ignore the language used to run the server side.&lt;/strong&gt;  There's no C# remaining once the page is rendered to HTML+Javascript and sent over HTTP to the browser.  So there's no need to use c# as your test automation language.  (you might still want to, but you don't NEED to)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secondly&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Purge the idea of record/playback from your requirements.  In the long run it just doesn't work for anything above the level of the HTTP protocol  (recorders are fine at the protocol as a starting point in a loadtest scenario, but not for function testing at the UI level)   This is something most experienced testers have known for about 15 years now and is an area of broad consensus among experienced QA people.  The resulting tests are brittle and hard to maintain.  The only people that like record/playback are salespeople of vendors of tools that depend on that level of tech who use them to convince managers that with their tool, &lt;em&gt;&quot;anyone can do test automation&quot;&lt;/em&gt; IMHO the whole reason the Selenium IDE/Recorder exist is to compete with that mentality, few Selenium users I know use it, or the older Selenium Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So what language do you use?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;With that in mind, use whatever works best for your testers, and dovetails with whatever frameworks you are using such as FITNess, or Cucumber etc.  Personally I think that Ruby is an excellent language for testers to script in because it is easy to code and learn.  Thus if your QA folks are not experienced coders, it may be a better way to go than trying to teach them C#.  Also the Watir API is very object oriented and easy to understand for anyone that has grasp of HTML and the DOM (Domain Object Model) of a webpage.  I'm also using cucumber to do BDD, which is done in Ruby so that dovetails well with Watir.  OTOH if the people that will be doing this automation know another language, then you might want to go with Selenium RC and that language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: The biggest factor in deciding what language to use often comes down to 'who do you want working on tests'  If you are fine with silos and having just your testers or &lt;em&gt;SDET&lt;/em&gt; type folks work on E2E automation, then pick whatever language works best for them.  OTOH if you want your developers to be able to fix tests they are breaking with UI changes etc, then you may want to pick a language common to what your dev team is using.  With agile teams using embedded testers as a part of the team, and not doing handoffs, that sort of thing can be a much larger concern going forward. Also there are now Java and JS versions of tools like Cucumber, so you have new options there these days as well. (this is something that has changed a lot in the 5 years since I originally authored this answer) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Enter Webdriver&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The thing is that Watir and Selenium are closer than many people realize, especially now that the Watir-Webdriver gem has arrived which uses Selenium's new Webdriver technology (which as I understand it, is also replacing Selenium 'Core') to drive the browser under the hood, but allows the tester to write code in ruby with the excellent Watir API. With both Watir and Selenumn moving to Webdriver for interfacing with the browsers, it appears to be the future of both projects. Using Watir-Webdriver gives you IMHO the best of both worlds, with wide browser support due to Webdriver and the easy coding of Watir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd try the tutorials of both (Selenium RC and Watir) and see which API seems like it would be easier for you to use for coding your tests.   If you like Watir better, be sure you immediately adopt using it with Watir-Webdriver as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastEditorUserId="440" LastEditDate="2016-04-29T00:02:30.820" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T00:02:30.820" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="743" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-20T19:46:52.527" Score="17" ViewCount="9470" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fuzz Testing as defined by Wikipedia is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a software testing technique, often automated or semi-automated, that involves providing invalid, unexpected, or random data to the inputs of a computer program. The program is then monitored for exceptions such as crashes or failing built-in code assertions. Fuzzing is commonly used to test for security problems in software or computer systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering what kind of fuzzzing packages people have been using with Ruby/JavaScript/Python. One element that is gaining more traction at our shop is the idea of pushing in more penetration testing into our QA cycles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastEditorUserId="44" LastEditDate="2011-05-23T03:00:44.473" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T07:53:08.987" Title="What are some tools for fuzz testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-05-20T19:54:35.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally, you should be including the test automation (both unit and acceptance tests (with the latter becoming part of your regression suite) as a part of what needs to be in place for an item to be DONE.  It's all part of being ready to ship at the end of any sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That might mean you'll have to get some help from your teammates to complete that automation before items can be accepted as done, since in my experience a 4:1 ratio places a lot of load on the 'tester'.  If you wait to try and do them later 'when there is time' you'll likely fall further and further behind because often there just isn't much time for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then get your CI system setup so that the regression tests run on a regular basis (I'd recommend nightly)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW: a great definition of DONE I heard the other day was &amp;quot;never have to think about that story again&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this great &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCzIFn8vt_c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;talk by Ken Schwaber&lt;/a&gt; (in three parts) that covers a lot of this and makes some very important points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-08T07:58:51.100" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T07:58:51.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="743" CreationDate="2011-05-20T20:18:05.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used it myself (although I plan to on my side-project when I get it to private alpha stage) but I think &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hexawise&lt;/a&gt; would be able to do some of this. You can tweak the phasing parameters (2 pairwise, 3 pairwise, I think it goes up to 6) and it will generate values in certain ranges. This should be pretty close to what you're looking to do. You can also set the variation in the test data, so that should help with your 'fuzzing'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, I haven't used it myself, but I do hope to in the near future, because it looks like a promising tool. It's also free for commercial purposes as a trial for the first 5 users, but the trail version appears unlimited except in number of users, and you can't host it yourself unless you upgrade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T20:18:05.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="726" CreationDate="2011-05-20T20:34:25.253" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had success using tester/developers for code review of production code. I've found that developers review code thinking, &quot;Will this work&quot;, while testers review code thinking &quot;In what ways could this not work&quot;. I've also found that most testers discover new test ideas while reviewing production code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/Articles/A%20testers%20approach%20to%20code%20reviews.pdf&quot;&gt;a paper&lt;/a&gt; on the experiences of our team in this area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-20T20:34:25.253" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="743" CreationDate="2011-05-20T22:21:34.933" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://portswigger.net/burp/&quot;&gt;Burp Suite&lt;/a&gt; would be worth checking out if you're fuzz testing web applications.  As the name implies, it's actually a suite of different web security testing tools - I used it for the first time on Monday in a pen testing workshop and it seems like a tremendously useful tool. Burp Intruder is the tool used for fuzzing attacks - and here's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eviltester.com/index.php/2011/04/21/tutorial-on-burp-suite-repeater-and-intruder/&quot;&gt;video tutorial that covers Burp Repeater and Intruder&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also &lt;a href=&quot;http://peachfuzzer.com/&quot;&gt;Peach&lt;/a&gt;, which is written in Python but the next version is being rewritten in C#. This seems to be more broadly applicable. (As you can tell from the &quot;seems&quot;, I haven't used this much - it's just in my list of tools we considered for a Weekend Testing session but never got time to put together a good session for).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-29T14:35:57.407" LastActivityDate="2011-05-29T14:35:57.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-05-22T03:07:15.153" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked as a solo tester on a small agile team as well, and I've found the two things that help most with regression testing are automation and risk-based test prioritization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having an automated test suite with good coverage is definitely very helpful. However, I wouldn't recommend relying entirely on automated tests for regression, as there are some types of bugs that automated tests aren't particularly good at detecting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A time-efficient way of complementing the automation effort with manual testing is to pick out a subset of manual tests based on a risk analysis of the system. Have a think about the areas of the system that are most likely to be impacted by the changes for the sprint, and only target those areas with your manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For best results, I usually use the manual test cases for those at-risk areas as a guide for my exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found this approach results in a much shorter regression testing time towards the end of each sprint, and it has been enough for the level of quality required for our projects. However, it does leave a little room for minor to trivial bugs to slip by in low-risk areas because the low-risk areas are entirely dependent on the automated tests to detect bugs.  This may not be acceptable for some project standards, so just be aware of that risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="560" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-08T07:58:32.677" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T07:58:32.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="53" CreationDate="2011-05-22T07:03:28.817" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The lightest tool I've seen is Rapid Reporter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Light, smart, and free, written by a thoughtful person who loves testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testing.gershon.info/reporter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rapid Reporter, exploratory notetaking&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="588" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T08:16:31.583" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T08:16:31.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="750" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="752" CreationDate="2011-05-22T09:41:10.317" Score="15" ViewCount="1632" Body="&lt;p&gt;I somehow stumbled across some references to the new ISO/IEC 29119 Software Testing standard that is currently draft stage (apparently).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not seen the details of this new standard, however I would expect that a truly modern testing standard should not just acknowledge, it should embrace agile development practices, so that it can be applied in such a way that you can be in compliance with the standard whilst using Agile methodologies like Scrum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone &quot;&lt;strong&gt;tested&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; the new standard and actually applied it to an Agile project? Will the new ISO/IEC 29119 Software Testing standard work with agile methodologies like Scrum?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Whilst James' point of view is interesting, it doesn't actually answer the question. I would like to hear from people who have actually used it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T13:50:06.007" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T16:59:11.867" Title="Will the new ISO/IEC 29119 Software Testing standard work with agile methodologies like Scrum?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2011-05-22T10:14:42.527" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cheat, and break a couple of rules of &quot;Agile&quot; development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly I make an arbitrary automaton target of 80% of all tests part of the process that must be followed, at a stakeholder level. This number is based on experience, and forces a balance between manual testing and writing automation. It also forces appropriate resource allocation from a budgetary prospective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why 80%?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know where that number originally came from, but as it turned out, on the first project where I was trying to hit that magic 80%, we had to work pretty hard to achieve that goal. The payback was, that as the project developed, we didn't need to manually regression test as much, and we could run 80% of our entire test suite every day. On my last project we hit 100% across the board. So yes, 80% is just a made up goal, but it is one that seemed to work for us. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When did we actually do the automation work? Well normally we used the first few days of the iteration to catch up and automate the tests for the features that were just delivered at the end of the last iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I cheat by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Changing the rules of the game (the process) and&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Building tools to help accelerate the work as quickly as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-22T10:14:42.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="750" CreationDate="2011-05-22T21:07:41.530" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;This &quot;standard&quot; is being created in the face of direct and repeated pleas by citizens of the Context-Driven testing community to cease and desist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever this thing says or is based on, it will not be based on a truly representative community of testers, nor will it be based on research that passes muster among competent social scientists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's yet another tool that will be used by European testing consulting companies to blind their clients and promote outdated, ignorant, and abusive testing practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't need a standard of software testing. We need communities of testers who study the craft and push it forward. Please join me in boycotting stupid standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="593" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-05-23T20:15:55.473" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T20:15:55.473" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-22T21:14:17.883" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always want an independent, dedicated, competent tester to test my code. However, I also always want a personal chef to cook for me. I usually can't afford that, either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most developers have not worked with a truly competent tester, and so they don't know what that is like. For me, the few times I've had that, it was great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having an independent-yet-incompetent tester test your code is pretty miserable. No thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="593" LastActivityDate="2011-05-22T21:14:17.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="754" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="757" CreationDate="2011-05-22T23:36:08.527" Score="3" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to software testing and would like to know the difference between &amp;quot;test case&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;testing behavior&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a registration form on the web has the following fields:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Name:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Customer Phone #:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-customer Email:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Username&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Verify password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, can someone please list out some &amp;quot;testing behavior&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;test cases&amp;quot; for the above registration form?  I heard that we should understand the &amp;quot;testing behaviors&amp;quot; for the above before coming up with test cases. But I'm not too sure what are the differences between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="595" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:51:08.510" Title="Difference between &quot;Testing Behaviour&quot; and &quot;Test Case&quot;" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="754" CreationDate="2011-05-23T02:05:54.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think about how different people would fill out the form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill in everything from top to bottom.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill in every other field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill in all fields except one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill in some fields, and then five minutes later (after a phone call) fill in the others.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about how the user filling in the form might behave.  That should give you some idea about what needs to be right about the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T02:05:54.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="754" CreationDate="2011-05-23T05:21:58.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First &quot;testing behavior&quot; is probably an exploratory testing activity to understand the behavior of the forms. How does the application &quot;behave&quot; as the form is being filled out is what you are hoping to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From this you as a tester will start to understand how the application behaves with forms, or at least this form. Because different types of data are being collected for each form, each form could have very different validations, something very important to keep in mind!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But to create test cases&lt;/strong&gt; (documented steps that show some expected behavior), you need more than just knowing the existing registration form behavior, &lt;em&gt;which by the way could be wrong.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;You would need the know the requirements for each input field and for the form as a whole.&lt;/strong&gt; Without knowing the requirements of the registration form and the individual input fields you would not be able to write very good test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few general test cases for your example would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the length of input acceptable for each field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;special character accepted or filtered out of the input for each field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fields required by the form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the format of the customer phone number&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastEditorUserId="536" LastEditDate="2011-05-23T13:02:50.783" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T13:02:50.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="754" CreationDate="2011-05-23T09:37:41.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would try and answer this question,with whatever context you have mentioned in the question...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to me the term &quot;testing behavior&quot; reflects what the requirements or behavioral expectations are ,from the registration form ( that you have included as an example)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in simple words -- &quot;what does this form do ?&quot; &#xA;answers could be -- it accepts inputs, it accepts 'these' particular type of inputs, it rejects 'these' type of inputs, it shows errors messages in these conditions, on completion and if you click the 'submit' button 'blah' would happen at the UI,'blah' would happen at the database's end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test cases would be steps ( of interacting with the system under the test) you would execute to exercise, observe and note your observations against &quot;testing behaviors&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And a usual first step in understanding different &quot;testing behaviors&quot; would be to refer the requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T00:51:08.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:51:08.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-23T13:05:21.373" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since they are indeed making an awesome product, I wonder when does the absence of dedicated quality assurance people does not lead to decreased quality of delivered software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you can make an awesome product without dedicated QA, then it's OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some can.  Many cannot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T13:05:21.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="730" CreationDate="2011-05-23T13:12:18.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think what you are looking for is the SSH plugin for Hudson:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.hudson-ci.org/display/HUDSON/SSH+plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://wiki.hudson-ci.org/display/HUDSON/SSH+plugin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It let you run a shellscript before and/or after your build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the best fit, in my opinion. But you can execute a shellscript on the Hudson server using the Post Build task plugin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.hudson-ci.org/display/HUDSON/Post+build+task&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://wiki.hudson-ci.org/display/HUDSON/Post+build+task&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which could do the job if you need more conditions, but will probably be more complicated to get up and running: you will have to write a script able to restart another server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T13:12:18.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="760" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-23T14:04:05.820" Score="1" ViewCount="281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Android's Monkey application to test web browsing (actually testing the underlying layers, not the browser).&#xA;Is there a way to configure the behavior of the monkey besides the throttle parameter ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T14:04:05.820" Title="Is it possible to configure Android's Monkey test for better web testing ?" Tags="&lt;embedded&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2011-06-03T13:17:10.053" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="761" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-23T14:53:44.510" Score="3" ViewCount="13178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose I login to evernote.com using Selenium RC. Is it possible for me to change the base_url to google.com while staying on the same page. I do not want to open a new browser for google.com. When I create another instance of Default Selenium for google.com it shows up in a new browser. I would like to find if there is anyway to change the base_url while on the same page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A portion of my code:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Declare HttpCommandProcessor and pass selenium object&#xA;HttpCommandProcessor proc = new  &#xA;HttpCommandProcessor(&quot;localhost&quot;,4444,&quot;*chrome&quot;,&quot;http://evernote.com/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;DefaultSelenium sel = new DefaultSelenium(proc);&#xA;@Test (dataProvider = &quot;DP1&quot;)&#xA;public void evernoteSharing(String user1, &#xA;        String password1, &#xA;        String email1, &#xA;        String user2, &#xA;        String password2, &#xA;        String email2&#xA;){&#xA;&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        //Call login module and pass Selenium object, username and password as parameters&#xA;        loginObj.login(sel, user1, password1);&#xA;        //Click on the Try new evernote button in the pop-up window&#xA;        sel.click(popupLogin);&#xA;        //sel.waitForPageToLoad(&quot;30000&quot;);&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(sel.getTitle(), homeTitle);&#xA;&#xA;        sel.click(lnkoldEvernote);&#xA;        sel.waitForPageToLoad(stimeout);&#xA;        sel.open(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;        sel.waitForPageToLoad(stimeout);&#xA;&#xA;        //Call create notebook module and pass Selenium object as a variable&#xA;        createNb.createNotebook(sel);&#xA;&#xA;        //Call sharing module and pass selenium object and second user's emailid as parameter&#xA;        shareObj.shareNoteIndividual(sel, email2);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="2275" LastEditDate="2012-04-02T15:32:20.823" LastActivityDate="2012-04-02T15:32:20.823" Title="Can the base-url be changed in the same browser session using Selenium RC?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="762" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="767" CreationDate="2011-05-23T15:15:47.107" Score="11" ViewCount="329" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been in many difference sized companies and in many different environments where we've used terms interchangably, Testing Terms, Development Terms and Process types have been overloaded in one place or another.  Test types from Acceptance, Feature to Unit Tests I've seen used in multiple ways in different companies and I've stuck with a few that I probably should not have and others I've tried to change immediately when I heard them.  It's tough and at times the groups have resisted, and in some places I had to give up since it was an uphill fight.  What I've done is try the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Terminology Dictionaries, either documents or wiki's - makes it easy to direct people as to what a term means and with a wiki you can link in sources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Group Think - get everyone together and try to hash out definitions - doesn't work well with big groups but often gets interesting conversations going&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dicussion Threads - if you have Discussion Forums in the company its an alternative to a wiki and gives everyone a chance to add their comments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk to the originators of the term - try and understand the origination and see if its valid, or maybe change at the source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen this come up in other QA Forums as well, where someone new encounters a term they don't understand and questions the wider community.  Terms are subjective, and often localized as well, but I believe the strategies in how to deal with these are fairly common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T16:25:05.097" Title="What do you do when you encounter overloaded terminology in your workspace?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="750" CreationDate="2011-05-23T15:30:44.983" Score="-5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a newbie in software testing and would like to express my view on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some developers/programmers/business people believe that software testing is a &quot;low-end&quot; IT job because they &quot;think&quot; everybody can do testing! They consider it as a &quot;no-brainer&quot; job.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Of course, we know it's wrong. Good QA/Testing requires lot of advanced skills and professionalism. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this ISO standard, we can finally show them(people who believe everybody can do testing) that QA/Testing is NOT a low-end no brainer job.  WE HAVE A STANDARD. WE ARE PROFESSIONAL!(Your boss will treat you as a professional!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All I can say is we are living in a &quot;dark&quot; world run by Business people. In order to push the QA industry forward, &quot;unfortunately&quot; we need to have a standard to convince them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="595" LastEditorUserId="595" LastEditDate="2011-05-23T15:38:43.903" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T15:38:43.903" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="762" CreationDate="2011-05-23T15:31:42.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I know the term I'm using is ambiguous, I define it beforehand.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T15:31:42.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="762" CreationDate="2011-05-23T15:38:09.997" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of aspects to this issue: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same terms being used differently in different locations/workplaces. For that issue I'd recommend getting a clear definition of the terminology in use there, &lt;em&gt;even if it isn't correct&lt;/em&gt;. Why? Terminology usage in an organization is part of that organization's culture, and changing the culture isn't always easy or even possible. You might need to start by adding clarifiers and letting those be accepted before you start chipping away at incorrect usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a given term to mean more than one thing is even more likely to be a cultural issue in my view - in my experience, if a term like user acceptance tests is used to describe more than one kind of test, chances are the organization &lt;em&gt;does not see a difference&lt;/em&gt; between the two usages. If this is the case, you've got a much more difficult education hill to climb. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For sites like this, an accepted dictionary so that new testers (and experienced ones who've come through company cultures where the terminology is used in a non-standard way) is an invaluable resource. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter how the incorrect terminology gets there, it helps to start from the assumption that the person using it is misinformed rather than ignorant - tester tact is always a good thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T15:38:09.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="761" CreationDate="2011-05-23T15:56:04.263" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to do so while using browsers with elevated security privileges like *chrome for firefox. So you could just do &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.open(&quot;newURL&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in your test.&#xA;Problem of changing URL is, it change in domain and normal Selenium browser mode is restricted by Java Script's Same Origin Policy, as I mentioned above browsers with elevated security privileges should get you going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose this is the point where you are trying to load another URL in same selenium  session -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sel.open(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;sel.waitForPageToLoad(stimeout);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First - don't use waitForPageToLoad, open api takes care of it.&#xA;Now if sel.open does not work then you should definitely encounter error. Don't keep you method in try catch block and see the error you encounter....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="134" LastEditDate="2011-05-25T03:42:55.947" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T03:42:55.947" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="762" CreationDate="2011-05-23T16:01:59.967" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I maintain a Glossary of Testing Terms (based on this: &lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/glossary-of-testing-terms.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/glossary-of-testing-terms.html&lt;/a&gt;) that we use internally.  In addition, we maintain a Glossary of Business Terms containing terms and acronyms for the industry in which we live, as well as company-specific terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a periodic &quot;Lunch and Learn&quot; session where we discuss terms, and other topics of interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T16:01:59.967" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="762" CreationDate="2011-05-23T16:25:05.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There should be a new hire training presenting the terminologies used in the organization with their precise meanings. Anyone who newly joins the company should go through it. It should be conducted by experts who are really well-versed with these terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T16:25:05.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="769" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="772" CreationDate="2011-05-23T16:57:00.193" Score="19" ViewCount="535" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently ran into an almost-consistently reproducible bug that I was trying to reduce.  At the time, I was tired and simply couldn't think of what to do next after about an hour of work (this bug was time-consuming to hit).  I know I've read some great lists of steps for reducing and reproing bugs before, but Google didn't find what I was looking for this time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to be clear, I know that you can't just walk through a checklist or else we'd automate the process - but a good list can help a tester come up with ideas when tired and stumped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any great lists of steps to try to reduce a bug to the smallest set of steps that will generate a consistent repro?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T00:49:08.667" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:49:08.667" Title="Does anyone have a good list of steps for reducing a bug?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2011-05-23T17:17:53.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm gonna go ahead and say it, even if i get a down vote... But man.. Are you kidding me? :) That's like asking how can I reduce the creation of say.. A cookie. Or how can make milk faster, or bread, or flower grow faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are certain ways to reproduce a bug, then you have a great chance that the bug can't be reproduced somehow else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like... You have a text field that will drop you a nullpointer exception when you don't enter any data. You can't reduce that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course if you have a large, huge bug, let's say... You have a train that goes from DEN to JFK and everyone that sits in the second row will have a ticket number of zero, on every third day of a month in summer. I would try to catch of it is maybe every day, not just summer, or every plain etc etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess your only option would be elimination. Build a matrix and try to reduce every step, or leave out a few and see if the bug is still reproducible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But your question can really be answer by common sense. :) Use your brain. Backtrack your steps. Try to leave out a few and see what happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good Luck! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T17:17:53.200" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2011-05-23T19:03:47.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find these sort of things are subjective and depend entirely on the environment that you are working in, steps for A will not always work for B.  Still this sort of thing is a long list, it basically entails checking for functionality at all points, such as is the Service installed?  is it running?  is it updating?  is it still running?  That get's long easy.  If you REALLY need to create something like this, make a wiki and then document things like this, I've done it when starting work on new products and its expanding over time as more and more people added issues they've encountered.  After a few years we had a huge number of steps, hints and troubleshooting tools noted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the kind of situation you are in, and when you are tired, I start a document on what I am doing, otherwise I can't rely on my ability to recall all my steps.  So perhaps if I was going to make a list like you want I would have one item on it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document my Test Steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then use that for the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T19:03:47.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2011-05-23T20:06:31.017" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note this is community wiki, please add if you have additional resources.  I normally don't answer my own questions, but I thought if I could track down one example, maybe others would get a better idea of what I'm looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lesson 77 out of &lt;a href=&quot;http://amzn.com/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, titled &quot;Nonreproducible bugs are reproducible&quot;, has a short, non-exhaustive list of common types of problems, including brief strategies.  The lesson includes resources at the end for more information:  Nguyen (2000), Kaner et al. (1993), and Telles and Hsieh (2001).  I haven't looked in to these yet, but will once I get some free time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Danny Faught's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tejasconsulting.com/papers/bug-isolation-pnsqc-2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;How to make your bugs lonely&quot;&lt;/a&gt; is a great walkthrough of bug reduction, demonstrating top-down and bottom-up approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;James Bach has a great blog post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Investigate Intermittent Problems&lt;/a&gt;, which gives some principles (I love &quot;It’s easy to fall in love with a theory of a problem that is sensible, clever, wise, and just happens to be wrong.&quot;), suggestions for how to investigate, and a whole heap of guideword heuristics for potential causes at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also similar questions on SQA like: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3226/how-to-isolate-a-bug&quot;&gt;How to isolate a bug?&lt;/a&gt; or more specific like: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5286/isolating-defect-in-distributed-event-driven-system&quot;&gt;Isolating defect in distributed event-driven system&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-12-28T16:39:50.387" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-23T20:06:31.017" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="750" CreationDate="2011-05-23T20:55:04.317" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why only then think about Agile being complaint with this piece of standard,why not context driven school of testing,why not TDD,why not scripted testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not think a 'blanket' compliance is possible or even a good thing to do .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reason being that each project,organization,business,technology has a different standard &amp;amp; nature of expectations from a testing exercise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that,there are also occasions when &quot;standards&quot; do get applied in some industries , but they are usually technology standards driven by business needs rather than process/activity standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example - &#xA;I work in a company which manufactures HW and SW for public safety radios(police,fire safety,power,military) .Now,the technology is an open standard and the standards organization has mandated it that the technology should be an open standard to encourage interoperability between manufactures.Hence an important part of the testing activity is to execute a bunch of heavily controlled tests that pass a set of standard documents.However,this is done because all the manufactures have been consulted by the standards authority and taken on board before the standards are published.And the manufacturers accept it because they see this as a way to move their business forward and reduce monpoly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However,seems like this particular set of test standard does not exactly represent the broad spectrum of testing experts or people from various 'schools' of testing. (Inferring from James Bach's comment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T20:55:04.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="774" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="776" CreationDate="2011-05-23T21:54:49.327" Score="5" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently had a test assignment where I was testing a pretty well solidified API. The team started phase 1 by creating basic functional, boundary and error tests for each API call. It turned out to be three or four tests per API call. The error checking was really basic. Things like row counts for inserts and so on. We found a majority of the bugs in this phase during test case creation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once that cycle was done and all the bugs found were fixed, phase 2 used a data driven approach. We exercised tens of thousands of variations using a fairly robust set of test data with &quot;poison pills&quot; in the data wherever we could. To my surprise, the number and severity of bugs found in phase 2 were quite low compared to the number of person hours invested. I had expected to find some outlying killer bugs or at least a fair number of medium priority bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the number and severity of bugs found, the team's time could have been better spent with ad-hoc testing or moving on to other product areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my result a fluke, or when you are automating at the API layer do you find you hit the point of diminishing returns relatively quickly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="479" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:48:43.287" Title="Is it worth investing much time into iteration testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="775" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="780" CreationDate="2011-05-23T22:11:08.590" Score="21" ViewCount="1286" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qavision.com/expertzone/design_of_experiment_for_software_testing.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Phadke's&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_of_experiments&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;design of experiments&lt;/a&gt; approach to select parameter values for testing (software) systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell, the approach uses minimum, typical and maximum values of test (method) parameters and varies them according to an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.weibull.com/DOEWeb/taguchis_orthogonal_arrays.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;appropriately chosen Taguchi array&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exhaustively testing a system with four parameters, each having three values means that 3^4 tests must be run.  Using an &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.micquality.com/reference_tables/taguchi.htm#L9&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;L9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; array, only 9 tests need to be run instead of 81 (= 3^4).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The claim is that this approach will find &lt;em&gt;most&lt;/em&gt; of the defects that exhaustively testing will find, at a fraction of the cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other well-known methods for selecting test parameter values?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:58:19.373" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T03:10:12.460" Title="Systematic approaches to selection of test data" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;combinatorial-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="774" CreationDate="2011-05-23T22:40:27.510" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dustin,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great question.  The diminishing marginal returns you saw are frequently encountered.  The following chart, while not the easiest to decipher, explains a lot of why diminishing marginal returns occur:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HEz5r.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Decreasing marginal returns in software testing&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The chart, taken from an &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/combinatorial-and-pairwise-testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;article called &quot;Combinatorial Software Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt; published in IEEE Computer that I co-wrote with 3 PhD's, explains that the significant majority of defects can be triggered by testing each value you can think of at least once. Several thorough studies were done to answer the straightforward and important question, &quot;how many test inputs would be required to trigger defects in production today?&quot;  Four very different Systems Under Test were examined (including defects in medical devices - in red - and the Mozilla browser - in green).  Each defect in each SUT was categorized... to trigger this defect, we only need one test input; in order to trigger this one, this specific PAIR of test inputs need to appear in the same test case, etc.  Approximately 85% of the defects in production could be triggered by just one or two test inputs.  Exactly one defect in the four studies required six specific test inputs to be triggered.  None required 7 or more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the implications of these findings?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are huge. According to these findings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest bang for your buck will come from testing every test input in at least one test case.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That sounds pretty similar to what you were doing in your initial set of tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next biggest bang for your buck will come from testing every PAIR of test inputs together in at least one test case.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your initial set of tests also included a great many pairs of values; they would have to unless your tests each consisted of just a single test input.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next biggest bang for your buck will come from testing every single possible combination of three test inputs together in at least one test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you continue from there to cover all combinations of 4 test inputs together, and/or all combinations of 5 test inputs together, and/or all combinations of 6 test inputs together, in many cases, you may execute hundreds of thousands of combinations of test inputs without seeing a single defect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As you moved from your early tests (consisting of a relatively small number of tests) to your later tests (consisting of tens of thousands of tests), what additional new coverage were you achieving?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;From my analysis of dozens of similar projects with findings similar to yours, I strongly suspect that the tens of thousands of tests you ran in the &quot;second round&quot; of your testing, you were adding very few combinations involving &quot;as yet untested PAIRS of test inputs&quot; (which would have given you a reasonable chance of finding an as yet undetected bug).  Rather, the net new coverage added in each test would often be several &quot;as yet untested specific combinations involving, say, 4 or more test inputs tested together for the first time in this test&quot; (which, statistically, we can see are extraordinarily unlikely to trigger defects).  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The final implication from these findings is that if you want to maximize the efficiency of finding defects in a situation like yours:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, execute all the test inputs at least once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, execute a set of tests that will cover all pairs of test input values (e.g., execute pairwise tests - AKA allpairs tests / 2-way tests), then consider executing the smallest possible set of tests that will ensure coverage of all possible combinations involving 3-way combinations.  If you find very few defects when executing your 3-way tests, you may seriously consider stopping your testing without executing higher strength test sets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-05-23T22:40:27.510" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="775" CreationDate="2011-05-24T00:23:00.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;All-Pairs is another well-known method for choosing test vectors.  Roughly speaking, the test matrix is guaranteed to include each pair of parameter values at least once.  Some All-Pairs generators can deal with constraints, e.g. that one parameter depends on another (e.g.  need to test Internet Explorer on Windows but not on Linux) or that certain parameter values are mutually exclusive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T00:23:00.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2011-05-24T00:31:29.190" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the context of your bug the heuristics vary. You can also try the below things to find exactly how to reproduce. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. Ask your peers to execute the flow to see if they can reproduce the issue&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. Repeat the test with a fresh user account &lt;br&gt;&#xA;3. Delete all the cache and cookies from the browser and repeat it&#xA;If the impact of the bug is severe take the help of the DEV in analyzing it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T00:31:29.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="774" CreationDate="2011-05-24T00:50:41.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had expected to find some outlying killer bugs or at least a fair number of medium priority bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What was the reason for these expectations ? Was it the coverage of the tests ? Was it a perceived flakiness in the code ? Were you expecting killer bugs to be still there inspite of them being found and fixed in the previous cycle ? Was there an overlap in paths which were exercise in the previous test run or the current one ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly,to answer your direct question ::&#xA;Whether you have hit the point of dimishing return &quot;quickly&quot; or not would depend upon whether your expectations from the second test run ( questions above) being aligned realisticly? &#xA;Were you expecting too much from the second test run ? &#xA;And now, where you stand today , still I think it is worth the investment because these would act as crucial regression tests now ! , provided they are robust ( show passes and failure s consistently ) , are actually capable in catching regression ( can be simulated through error injection in the code ?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T00:48:43.287" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:48:43.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="775" CreationDate="2011-05-24T03:09:28.103" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Peter,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good question.  And an extremely important one for software testers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have studied the question of how can software testing inputs be combined most efficiently and effectively pretty steadily for the last five years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By coincidence, slightly over five years ago, I started with almost precisely the same question you're posing now.  At that point, I had:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Googled &quot;Design of Experiments&quot; and &quot;software testing&quot; and found references to Dr. Madhav Phadke (who, by coincidence, turns out was a former student of my father).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Discovered that Dr. Phadke had designed RDExpert which, although it had been primarily created to help with Research &amp;amp; Design projects, could also be used to select small sets of powerful test sets in software testing projects, using the Orthogonal Array-based test selection criteria&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Used RDExpert to create test sets (and compared those test sets against sets of tests that had been selected manually by software testers)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gathered results by asking one tester to execute the manually selected tests and another tester to execute the Orthogonal Array-based tests; the OA-based tests dramatically outperformed the manually-selected ones in terms of defects found per tester hour and defects found overall.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in short, I had confirmed to my satisfaction that an OA-based test data combination strategy was far more effective than manually selecting combinations for the kinds of projects I was working on, but I was curious if other techniques worked better.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how my thinking has progressed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pairwise is more efficient and effective than Orthogonal Arrays for software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Orthogonal Arrays are more efficient and effective for manufacturing, and agriculture, and advertising, and many other settings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pairwise tests almost always require fewer tests than Orthogonal Array-based solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reason that Orthogonal Array-based solutions require the same coverage goal that pairwise solutions do (e.g., that every pair of inputs is tested at least once) PLUS an additional hurdle / characteristic, that there be a uniform distribution throughout the domain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;cost&quot; of the extra tests (AKA experiments) is worth paying in many settings outside of software testing BECAUSE THE RESULTS ARE NON-BINARY in those tests. Someone seeking a desired darkness and gloss and luminosity and luster for a particular shade of green in the processing of film, for example, would benefit from with the information obtained from the added information gathered from Orthogonal Arrays.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In software testing, however, the added costs imposed by the the extra tests are not worth it. You're generally not seeking some ideal point in a continuum; you're looking to see what two specific pieces of data will trigger a defect when they appear in the same transaction. To identify that binary approach most efficiently and effectively, what you want is a pairwise solution (with fewer tests), not a longer list of Orthogonal Array-based tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having shared my views, let me also add these points.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, unlike some of my other views on combinatorial test design, my opinion on this narrow subject is not based on multiple empirical studies; it is based on (a) the reasoning I laid out above, and (b) a dozen or so conversations I've had with PhD's who specialize in the intersection of &quot;Design of Experiments&quot; and software test design, and (c) anecdotal evidence from using both methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, to my knowledge, very few, if any, studies have gathered empirical data showing benefits of pairwise solutions vs. orthogonal Array-based solutions in software testing scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thirdly, I strongly suspect that if you asked Dr. Phadke, he would give you his reasons for why Orthogonal Array-based solutions are appropriate (and even preferable) to pairwise test case selection methods for certain kinds of software projects. I have a huge amount of respect for both him and his son.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Time doesn't allow me to get into this last point much now, but &quot;mixed strength&quot; tests are another even more powerful test design approach for you to be aware of as well. With mixed strength testing solutions, the test designer is able to select a default coverage strength for the entire plan (e.g., pairwise / AKA 2-way coverage) AND, in the same set of tests, select certain high priority values to receive higher coverage strength (e.g., 4-way coverage strength selected for each &quot;Credit Rating&quot; and &quot;Income&quot; and &quot;Loan Amount&quot; and &quot;Loan to Value Ratio&quot; would give you a palm that achieved pairwise coverage for everything in the plan PLUS comprehensive coverage for every imaginable combination of values from those four high priority parameters. This approach allows you to focus on risk-based testing considerations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this answer helps. Sorry if I got a bit long-winded. It's a topic I'm passionate about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional note added after the first 3 comments were submitted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Hannibal, @Peter K., and @MichaelF, Thanks for your comments!  If you'd like to read more about this stuff, I recommend the multiple links available through this &quot;bundle of links&quot; about &lt;a href=&quot;http://bit.ly/bundles/hexawise/1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pairwise testing and combinatorial testing&lt;/a&gt;.  In particular, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/pairwiseTesting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Michael Bolton's article&lt;/a&gt; on pairwise testing is directly relevant and very clearly written.  It is one of the few introductory articles around that accurately describes the difference between Orthogonal Array-based solutions and pairwise solutions. If I remember correctly though, the example Michael uses is a rare exception to the rule; the OA solution has the same number of tests as an optimal pairwise solution does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T03:10:12.460" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T03:10:12.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="942" CreationDate="2011-05-24T08:04:47.733" Score="4" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the embedded world some (unit) tests have minimal value when they run as standalone test, like unit tests should.&#xA;We have many tests that run on the embedded device, as part of the embedded operating system but with most of the surrounding functionality disabled.&#xA;The scope of those tests is very &quot;white&quot; and close to real unit tests, but the environment is very &quot;system&quot;.&#xA;How would you call such tests ? Who do you think should be responsible for them ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-05T14:53:25.703" Title="How would you call on-device unit tests ?" Tags="&lt;embedded&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="781" CreationDate="2011-05-24T13:20:49.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We called those the &lt;strong&gt;BIST&lt;/strong&gt; : &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Built-in_self-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Built-In Self-Test.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main &quot;customer&quot; from our viewpoint was manufacturing. They needed a suite of tests that they could run to verify that the hardware coming off the end of the line was good.  The development team was responsible for implementing the tests, manufacturing was responsible for defining and running the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T13:20:49.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="783" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="872" CreationDate="2011-05-24T14:27:23.023" Score="22" ViewCount="3240" Body="&lt;p&gt;I notice that the tag wiki for the &quot;automated testing&quot; tag contains the following sentence: &quot;Commonly, test automation involves automating a manual process already in place that uses a formalized testing process.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might be common, but is it good? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What pitfalls are there with directly automating manual test scripts, especially where those writing the automation have no knowledge of the system or domain? Is a test originally designed to be run manually going to be a good design for automation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T11:39:59.410" Title="Does automating your manual tests give you good automated tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2011-05-24T14:40:46.530" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of senses in which developers ask testers to reduce a bug.  First, it's often handy to be told which values of which inputs trigger the bug.  And second, sometimes the tester tries to narrow down where in the product the bug arises.  I assume you are asking about the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than asking for generally-applicable checklists, perhaps a better question would be, &quot;How do I write a bug reduction checklist for my own product/feature?&quot;  I think this comes down to a list of dependencies and a list of strategies for varying manipulating those dependencies.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some dependencies will be environmental, e.g. how the operating system is configured, which hardware you are using, and how your software is configured.  Other dependencies will be unique to your software.  If you think broadly enough, you can some up with an infinite number of dependencies, but of course you can't investigate that many.  Instead, you might start with ones that have triggered bugs in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the dependencies, you also need strategies for investigating those dependencies.  Some strategies will be easy, e.g. if you are dependent on a browser, try using a different browser, or a different version of a browser.  Other dependencies may require special measures, e.g. special software or an undocumented feature that a developer added specifically for diagnosing or debugging a problem.  For example, if you are dependent on a fast network connection, you may be able to use a proxy or a hardware device that forces your network connection to run slowly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T14:40:46.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="783" CreationDate="2011-05-24T14:44:06.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I touched on this in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/681/what-are-the-challenges-around-the-integration-of-manual-and-automated-tests/683#683&quot;&gt;my answer to another question&lt;/a&gt;.  Automating a manual test can give you a good automated test, but there are costs beyond the initial coding effort.  For example, automated tests need to be documented.  Often, once a test is automated, its intent is unknown to everyone except the original coder.  You might be able document them in the same place that you document your manual tests, but then you have to keep the documentation up to date with the code.  By default, this won't happen.  Alternatively, you can document the tests as comments in the code, but again, the comments have to be kept up to date, and by default they will not be, just like the comments in product code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default, if the automation is not scrupulously documented, it becomes a leaky abstraction.  Instead of the automation being a &quot;Test of feature X as of release Y&quot;, it becomes &quot;Test of Feature X&quot;, or even &quot;The Thing that Proves That Feature X Works&quot;.  Once the test becomes a black box, it will be misused, and in that sense an automated test can be worse, rather than better, than a manual test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T18:40:17.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="783" CreationDate="2011-05-24T14:46:44.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not necessarily, although I tend to do the opposite- I manually dry run future automated.&#xA;Manual tests will usually skip very long repetitive tasks, avoid heavy textual analysis, or can't handle tests with short response time.&#xA;Another question is what do you call a &quot;test script&quot;- are those the full detailed steps of execution, or just some higher level description of what to test and expected results, the first will not fit automation the later might fit well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T14:46:44.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="783" CreationDate="2011-05-24T14:50:58.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's a great starting point, as long as you understand or plan to create a process to manage how they grow, how they're stored and structured and how it'll all link together into your current development and testing practices. This is something I've struggled with in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For example, say you're using cukes and build a huge feature/scenario test case. It's really useful as it configures a whole section full of drop-down, tick boxes, fields and values etc. It also confirms if it shows you the right options on the front-end when configured correctly.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best thing to do in this case is write and build the test (during QA milestones in the development process), add it to the library (so it's runs and performs useful testing) and make sure that it gets picked up and turned into it's own method called validateOptions (or whatever) down the line. Sort of like a built-in optimisation procedure, with regular reviews of the test cases and structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way, in future, you only have to call one method in your tests instead of a full scenario again &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; you'll be monitoring and maintianing your new library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not easy to put into practice, but does help in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you already have a Manual Test Library stored and documented, I can think of no better place for automation to begin. It also gives you your metrics for delivery and scope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T14:50:58.250" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="783" CreationDate="2011-05-24T15:00:46.063" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE: THIS IS A COMMUNITY WIKI ANSWER&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@testerab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not necessarily.  Here are some of the reasons why automating manual tests might not be advisable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Certain tests may be easier to execute manually because they are very quick to execute manually but would take a disproportionate amount of time to code as automated tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Certain tests may be easier to execute manually because they are in a part of the system that is still changing pretty rapidly, so the cost of maintaining the automated tests would outweigh the ability to execute them quickly&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Many tests may be more worthwhile to execute manually because the human brain can (and should!) be asking many kinds of questions that would not be captured in an automated test (e.g., Is this action taking longer than it should? Why does half the screen get inexplicably covered up with a big black square at this point? Hmmm, THAT seemed unusual; I'm going to check it out once I finish executing this test, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Saying the point above another way, humans can (and should) use &quot;rich oracles&quot; when they are testing (above and beyond the written &quot;Expected Results&quot;) more easily than coded logic within automated tests can&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Certain tests (many in fact) are, when considered together with the other tests already existing in a test set, are extremely inefficient (e.g., because they are (a) both highly repetitive of other combinations that have already been tested and (b) lacking in much additional coverage that they achieve); such ineffective tests should generally neither be executed manually nor turned into automated tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testers may lack the skill or time to automate the manual tests well.  In this case, it may be better to continue using manual scripts than invite the maintenance burden of poorly-written automation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Automated manual tests are vulnerable to slight shifts in the product that aren't actual bugs. They can become a maintainability problem. When they fail, they aren't very diagnostic where tests that are more &quot;white box&quot; can be very diagnostic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tests that are easy for humans might be next to impossible to automate. &quot;Is the sound in this video clear?&quot; is a test even a fairly drunk human can do well, but a computer program to do it is nearly science-fiction level programming.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tests that require hard copy or specific hardware interaction might not be good candidates for automation.  Both can be simulated using other software pieces but then you have that other software that needs to be validated to make sure it is properly simulating the hardware.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you need to do a highly complex set of configuration steps in order to automate a single test case, the manual test may be easiest.  It also is probably an indicator of a rather rare test case which might not be worth putting into an automation suite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Just as with doing development work, any artifacts created during the testing process must be evaluated for their worth as to whether or not they are reusable.  If an automated test is not reusable beyond the first run, you've essentially spent resource to create something that is &quot;thrown away&quot; after use.  A manual test can probably be executed once with a quick set of instructions in a document far more efficiently than spending the resource to automate it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this answer helps; I invite others to improve this incomplete list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversely, signs that a manual test might be good to automate directly would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the test has a very detailed script, including precise checks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If interesting bugs are rarely or never found outside of those specific checks when the manual scripts are run by skilled testers, OR if interesting bugs would be generally found much faster through ad-hoc testing without scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the feature doesn't change frequently in ways that would disrupt automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If executing the manual scripts takes many hours of tester time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If automating those scripts won't take longer than the amount of time expected to be spent running them manually, and there are currently no higher priority tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If executing the manual scripts is described as BORING by the testers running them, but not running them is not an option, even with ad-hoc testing for that feature.  This is a strong sign that SOME sort of automation should be considered, possibly supplemented with ad-hoc testing, since bored testers are often bad testers.  However, look to the other points to determine if it should be a direct port of the manual cases or a new test suite designed with automation in mind.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the manual test is a mission/product critical item that must be regressed beyond the initial release date.  Note that not all automation is regression automation but regression tests are one place where automation gets a great boost in ROI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Along with the above point, even if the test is not a regression item, if the creation of an automated version of the manual test will add value down the line for other projects and/or processes, it's worth creating the automation.  Any artifacts created by the testing process that are re-usable more than once are not wasted effort.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the manual tests are a list of smoke tests to execute with every build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please improve this incomplete list also!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-24T19:31:42.407" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T19:31:42.407" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-24T15:00:46.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="783" CreationDate="2011-05-24T15:29:10.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I only automate the reptitive tasks that really only require a result, or if I am only looking for text validation in the case of Selenium, Fitnesse or Web tests that do not require much else going on.  Automation is good when you don't care about the GUI, although you can do screen compares I do not like to automate those tests since they can be brittle later on, although I am usually fine with automating something like a search, or a User Profile check, that will ONLY EVER bring up a defined text for validation.  Those kinds of tests are going to be rare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found Manual Testing to give me exposure to the application to understand what can, and should be automated, I don't script something then make it an automated test.  Sure you can, but unless you really understand what it is your goal is for that automated test you should not do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T15:29:10.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="783" CreationDate="2011-05-24T16:35:45.990" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's nothing good about simply automating a set of manual test cases, particularly without domain knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the factors that go into deciding whether or not to automate are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Return on investment. There's a high ROI on automatic tests that are tedious, highly repetitive, cover actions users will perform frequently, mission critical, involve heavy data validation, or any combination of these factors. By comparison, GUI checks and set-and-forget configuration are much lower ROI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data dependency. If the tests are highly data dependent but require relatively little change to how the data is entered, they're usually good candidates for automation. For instance, it makes sense to automate SQL data validation after performing a series of tests. If the tests can be made data-driven, that makes them even more effective, since a new test case can be added by simply adding to the test data stores.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External interfaces. While it's possible to simulate input from external devices, it's not necessarily practical or possible. Similarly, it's often a whole lot easier to print something and run the printout by the Mach 1 Eyeball than to print to file and check programatically, especially when you're dealing with closed interfaces or limited-life test versions of the application you're interfacing to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prerequisite setup. Sometimes it can take a great deal of work to automate the setup for what ends up being a simple test that could be done much more easily by manual testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, the goal should be to first identify test cases that are good candidates for automation (in any situation involving tax calculations, it doesn't take long for automation to start looking &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; attractive!), and continually re-evaluate based on the list above as well as your organizational and application needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't advocate automation by someone without domain knowledge because domain knowledge is critical to determining what should be automated. If someone without domain expertise is automating, I'd hope they'd be working with a domain expert to determine what to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T16:35:45.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="791" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="864" CreationDate="2011-05-24T18:27:22.723" Score="12" ViewCount="738" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a tool that might allow my company to test a number of internal/private sites for browser compatability.  I am particularly interested in being able to test IE, Firefox, Chrome and Safari.  I don't believe that a site like browsershots can help with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="88" LastEditDate="2012-02-19T18:30:43.487" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T15:31:51.073" Title="Can someone offer suggestions for client based cross browser testing tools" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2011-05-24T18:57:11.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can only comment on the tool that I know well, that being TestComplete by &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SmartBear&lt;/a&gt;.  There are features in that tool that allow you to compare a web page to a stored copy of it, comparing properties to determine if they match.  Additionally, it can compare accessibility components of web pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most recent version, released 5/24/2011, includes support for IE 9 and Firefox.  Chrome and Safari are not supported yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-25T14:23:40.060" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T14:23:40.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2011-05-24T20:14:33.203" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium grid can execute multiple tests in parallel on different browsers like chrome, safari, IE, Firefox and opera.&#xA;Here is a step-by-step walk-through right from test environment setup to coding using TestNG and Selenium Grid. The sample testng.xml file could be got from:&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://technologyandleadership.com/six-steps-for-complete-test-automation-with-selenium-grid/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://technologyandleadership.com/six-steps-for-complete-test-automation-with-selenium-grid/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2013-05-06T17:52:08.310" LastActivityDate="2013-05-06T17:52:08.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-24T23:19:16.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will have to slightly disagree with Laura Hensley's position on the presence of a &quot;lone ranger.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The occasional &quot;individual contributor&quot; can be a powerful asset to a QA team. They tend to find the most defects, the most risky defects, and are extremely persuasive in having said defects fixed, no matter how minor they appear to be. With their eyes firmly fixed on product quality and not politics or advancement into management, they can dramatically improve the quality of a product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, where Ms. Hensley's comment rings true for me is in concern to his / her demeanor and integration with the rest of the team. As long as your testers respect and work well with each other, and even socialize well with each other, the occasional testing &quot;lone ranger&quot; isn't necessarily a bad thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="415" LastActivityDate="2011-05-24T23:19:16.617" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-24T23:19:16.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-25T00:27:04.957" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would like to throw in some more &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ability to consistently find &quot;critical&quot; problems &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Through 'Understanding' of the usage,impact and risk&amp;nbsp;— on the product, business, customer, project &#xA;and a confidence to advocate his work (e.g. bugs raised).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Positive Leadership traits are a must in my book &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to handle problems single in a handed manner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inclination (atleast) to take up complex and hard tasks &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to mentor peers irrespective of his job title &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Great at relationships &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone who is good at developing and maintaining positive working relationships with Developers, Project owners and within the test team &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T08:04:03.597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:04:03.597" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-25T00:27:04.957" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="796" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-25T02:09:18.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Design&lt;/strong&gt; involves the selection of a set of test techniques appropriate for discovering the information that stakeholders want to learn from testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some techniques include, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-pairs_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AllPairs&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qavision.com/expertzone/design_of_experiment_for_software_testing.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Design of Experiments&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-box_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;black-box&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-box_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;white-box&lt;/a&gt;. Implementation methods include tool selection (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NUnit&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FitNesse&lt;/a&gt;), and whether the tests are manual or automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/testdesign/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The BBST Test Design course&lt;/a&gt; provides a survey of a number of different test techniques. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T18:16:52.073" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T18:16:52.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="797" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-25T02:09:18.150" Score="0" Body="Use for questions about designing tests, specifically selecting test techniques to use in specific circumstances. " OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T18:08:20.903" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T18:08:20.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-05-25T04:37:51.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many good features are listed above, but to them I would add that a good QA person needs to be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deliberate &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;methodical &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;thorough.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="250" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T04:37:51.703" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-25T04:37:51.703" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="799" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-25T11:44:33.743" Score="2" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a large set of tests written for RSpec there are some tests who are expected to fail (at least, for a couple more months). These known failures makes it difficult to sort through the results reported by RSpec for regressions (new failures since the last run).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a easy system that works with RSpec results to keep track of old testrun results and only report on new failures?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="592" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T02:48:17.910" Title="System for keeping track of regressions reported by RSpec" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="800" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="802" CreationDate="2011-05-25T12:11:20.337" Score="8" ViewCount="2751" Body="&lt;p&gt;We get a lot of bug reports that ends up as the same bug, but are described through the eyes of a different user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example one can see a device has crashed, the other sees communications loss and the third will see that she can't install a driver for the device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking of ways to solve this, my main idea was adding some kind of tags to the bug when the root cause is found, the tags should include other possible features, or phenomenons related to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is far from perfect, and the greatest drawback is that each tag will quickly have many bugs attached to it, making association by someone not familiar with the root cause impossible, using the example above a crash will be related to endless bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T11:14:17.563" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T11:23:27.090" Title="How to avoid duplicated bug reports, described from different user perspective?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="812" CreationDate="2011-05-25T12:26:12.910" Score="4" ViewCount="1978" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the term &quot;Block Testing&quot; in  the book &quot;How We Test At Microsoft&quot;. I can't really see how this should be applied, should you do this instead of statement testing? From what I understand if you do statement testing then you essentially have done block testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T18:32:56.490" Title="What are the benefits of Block Testing?" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="800" CreationDate="2011-05-25T12:28:06.337" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a rather difficult problem to solve, since bug reports are often written from the point of view of the observer, rather than the root cause.  Tags/keywords are a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I do is attempt to have the bug report analyzed quickly by the relevant developer, who adds comments as to the root cause, and often other possible symptoms.  That way, others searching to see if the bug they are seeing has already been reported (your team does search first, right?) have a better chance of finding the existing bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I don't worry too much about duplicate bug reports.  It's not difficult to mark them as duplicates, and to link them to the original bug report (at least it's not difficult in Bugzilla).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I'd much prefer that bugs get over-reported, rather than under-reported!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T12:28:06.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1063" CreationDate="2011-05-25T12:55:44.643" Score="8" ViewCount="927" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on developing a big 3-tier application. Database has a lot of code (stored procedures, functions, triggers...). I am looking for a valid approaches how to implement unit testing for the database code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Should I use a separated database to run unit tests?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;How should I implement stored procedures to be ready for unit tests?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help, tips, tricks are welcome! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="302" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T18:06:55.413" Title="Database code unit testing tips" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="800" CreationDate="2011-05-25T13:10:25.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only thing you can do is try to get people in the habit of checking the tracker for existing issues before adding new ones, if its in an area that people work often this is not usually the case as I found.  Still, if you are checking reports when they come in, as Joe notes, and triage them on a consistent basis you can usually limit these and combine them if they have new notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't get too many dupes in our system once we get people to look before they leap, I find that limits the issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T13:10:25.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="803" CreationDate="2011-05-25T13:15:07.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you are referring to automated unit tests rather than tests performed by hand.  I approach automated unit tests as a means to an end rather than an end in themselves.  Some developers get a lot of value out of automated unit tests (I did when I was a developer).  Others write great, high-quality code without resorting to automation.  You know your own work well enough to know where you are likely to introduce bugs.  If you think you are likely to write buggy stored procedures, functions, or triggers, by all  means write some unit tests.  Otherwise I might test at the persistence layer instead.  (Or not at all -- again, you can judge for yourself.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another reason to unit test at the persistence layer would be if you expect the database to be queried manually, i.e. by typing in some ad-hoc SQL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T13:15:07.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2011-05-25T14:01:28.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserShots&lt;/a&gt; is a good surface tool. If you want to see how a specific page looks in a set of flavors of browser and Operating System. I think &lt;a href=&quot;http://litmus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Litmus&lt;/a&gt; is a similiar tool. As I mentioned if you want to see how a specific page looks in a browser, these are good tools. If you want to test functionality of, say, a piece of JavaScript you're best best would be Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="42" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T14:01:28.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="799" CreationDate="2011-05-25T16:15:58.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why run tests you know are going to fail?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend breaking them into their own test suite(s) and removing/commenting them from being run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing as how they're expected to fail, I think it's safe to assume they are logically connected somehow and potentially deserving of their own suite regardless of their passing or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T16:15:58.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2011-05-25T17:39:01.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A handful of Virtual Machines would probably do the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T17:39:01.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="800" CreationDate="2011-05-25T17:57:52.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug reports from multiple perspectives for the same root cause problem is actually beneficial to the development process.  The different perspectives give a cross-section of the different areas of the application that are affected by the bug.  One bug report may reference the GUI display of a database query.  If that's all you have to go by, the developer may spend time trying to fix the display to properly display what's coming back from the query or may spend time trying to fix the query to get the correct data.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meanwhile, another bug report comes in to say that the database records are incorrect.  Now we know that the problem is not with the GUI or the query, but with the records in the database.  So, now we start looking at how the data got in there, what calculations or processes were run against the data and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, another bug report comes in to say that a completely different GUI used for data entry is incorrectly storing data in a staging table.  It just so happens that the staging table is what is used to create the database records that are being displayed in the other GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Root cause is that the data entry GUI has a problem with persisting the data.  Now the developers actually have a path of code checking that they can go through to make sure that a) the data persists, b) the data is being acted on properly and c) that the queries and display of the data is coming up correctly.  Fixing any one of a, b, or c without considering the others is not acknowledging the cascading impact on the whole system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the testers now know a better end-to-end testing scenario to run in order to properly validate the correction after it's been completed to make sure that all affected areas of the software have been properly addressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T17:57:52.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="800" CreationDate="2011-05-25T18:18:12.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use document similarity, like stackexchange does. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a video on how it's done:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vancouverdata.blogspot.com/2010/11/text-analytics-with-rapidminer-part-4.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://vancouverdata.blogspot.com/2010/11/text-analytics-with-rapidminer-part-4.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you consider each bug report a document. Break them into words. Count the word frequencies. Compare documents by word frequencies. You can even use letter frequencies. This can be highly accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a bug report is very similar to a previous one, ask the user if want to combine them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="621" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T18:18:12.390" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="801" CreationDate="2011-05-25T18:32:56.490" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between statement coverage and block coverage is in the math. Take this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (val == true)&#xA;{&#xA;  DoThis();&#xA;  DoThat();&#xA;  DoTheOtherThing();&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;  DoSomethingElse();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that example, there are two &lt;em&gt;blocks&lt;/em&gt; of code (the true side of the statement and the false side). If the first statement (DoThis();) of the true block executes, then the following two lines will execute (assuming no exceptions). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The math behind block coverage (for those who care about that sort of thing) is concerned with how many blocks have executed. There are two blocks in this code sample, so testing one block (e.g. the true side of the if condition) would give you 50% block coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The math behind statement coverage is concerned with how many of the total statements have been covered. The true side of the if condition has 3 of the 4 statements in this excerpt, so writing one test that covers the true case has 75% statement coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, the math doesn't really matter. The reason to measure coverage isn't to produce a number - it's to help you discover what areas of the code are not covered by your testing so you can determine if more testing is needed. In other words, coverage testing is a method of discovering new tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T18:32:56.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="813" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="814" CreationDate="2011-05-25T18:48:44.130" Score="8" ViewCount="17036" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both in my current job and in my previous job, there are a number of areas of the application to test that require mining data from a relational database, specifically Microsoft SQL Server of various versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the most part, I've gotten by with running simple SELECT queries with various WHERE filters.  With my current position, though, I'm finding that adding more complex JOINs are necessary to really get what I need out of the database.  Additionally, the database I'm currently working with has a lot more in the way of foreign key constraints, views, and other such things built into it making the relationships between the various normalized tables really slick (but at the same time, a bit of a pain) to navigate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When looking for a software tester for your database application, what level of proficiency are you looking for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-25T19:12:19.503" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T05:51:36.117" Title="What proficiency should a software tester have in SQL?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;qualification&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="813" CreationDate="2011-05-25T19:53:34.487" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For the most part, I've gotten by with running simple SELECT queries with various WHERE filters. With my current position, though, I'm finding that adding more complex JOINs are necessary to really get what I need out of the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you are answering your own question here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically - &quot;it depends&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the position requires just a little bit of proficiency.  Other times, more is required.  When I'm hiring to fill a particular position, I need to make that decision again each time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is no different than filling any other position.  Question: How much proficiency in C# should a developer have?  Answer: It depends on the position.  Some require depth, others require no proficiency in C#, since they require a different language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T19:53:34.487" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="813" CreationDate="2011-05-25T20:26:23.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you work in a company using intensively with SQL databases, like in enterprise systems or online shops, you will very likely need at least basic skills in SQL, at least to create some test data in the database, to check results and so on. At least some DML knowledge, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, will come handy sooner or later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But keep in mind it's basically not a core knowledge for a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T20:26:23.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="813" CreationDate="2011-05-25T20:56:18.420" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am looking for a tester for either a database or for a heavily data driven application then the stronger they are with SQL the better.  I think not only should they be comfortable with writing queries including JOINS, UNIONS etc, but they need to have a good understanding of what some of the different performance implications are around inserts and updates, how indexing works for the various database platform they are using and that sort of thing.  I think the more knowledge the better in that case.  Baseline though would be the ability to write a SQL statement and know when and how to write and inner and outer join.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T20:56:18.420" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="817" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="855" CreationDate="2011-05-25T21:28:11.543" Score="5" ViewCount="4522" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, consider the following script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require 'rubygems' &#xA;require 'watir-webdriver' &#xA;&#xA;browser = Watir::Browser.new(:firefox)&#xA;browser.goto(&quot;http://tinypic.com/&quot;) &#xA;&#xA;file = &quot;C:\\\\assets\\image.jpg&quot;&#xA;browser.file_field(:name,&quot;the_file&quot;).set(file)  &#xA;browser.close&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which will work, I will be able to add the file into the file_field but I always have to have image.jpg in &lt;code&gt;C:\\assets&lt;/code&gt; and I don't want this to always be enforced. I'd like to search the underlying OS and find the path for the file I want to use and I'd like the script to be able to run on Windows and *nix systems. Relying on hard-coding the file's location as a string is somewhat limiting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should help to know that the files I wish to use will be under source control and will always be in a specific location in relation to the test script - the directory will always be something like &lt;code&gt;../../assets&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T00:45:07.433" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T04:35:20.913" Title="How can I select a file to put into a file_field without using the absolute path with Watir / Ruby?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="817" CreationDate="2011-05-25T22:45:47.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One approach that my work is to extract paths like this to a config file of some point that could be set depending on where you run the script from.  Then you can read the value out of the config at start up.  Another approach I have taken in C# is to have a directory that is part of my project that gets built out with the project so if I have dependencies they are build out as part of the project so they are always in a path relative with the binary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2011-05-25T22:45:47.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="813" CreationDate="2011-05-26T05:51:36.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proficiency in SQL is just a start&lt;/strong&gt;, there is something more that just being competent with the SQL syntax: Select, From, Join, Where, Order by, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good Software tester in a job requiring DB skills needs to be willing to learn from the Developers and DBAs in the shop. &lt;strong&gt;The tester should want to refine and improve their DB data mining skill continuously.&lt;/strong&gt; Have a sense of caution when using insert, delete, and update. Be willing to experiment (safely of course) with new SQL syntax, they want to master this skill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proficiency is gained by diligent practice, period&lt;/strong&gt;, using good SQL tools can enable the tester greatly here. In the end of the day it's the passion the tester brings to the task of understanding the many data models in the application that will really make them into a great asset for their projects and actually Proficiency with SQL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T05:51:36.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="800" CreationDate="2011-05-26T08:05:36.437" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want duplicates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well I would rather have duplicates from different people than not have them raised at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Process wise, I use a daily bug triage where we review all new bugs that have been raised to identify them as duplicates and close them out straight away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the tester is a repeat offender, I would simply have a chat to teach them how to use search in the bug tracking tool more effectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it was a developer or end user, it would never get mentioned, other than them noticing their bug was closed as a duplicate, with a link to the other issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T08:05:36.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="803" CreationDate="2011-05-26T08:12:13.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend that you use the Database unit testing features of Visual Studio 2008 Database Professional aka &quot;Data Dude&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a great in-depth blog post about it &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.coryfoy.com/2007/07/test-driving-stored-procedures-in-sql-server-in-vs2008/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, which includes a full step by step walkthrough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T08:12:13.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="822" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="831" CreationDate="2011-05-26T08:20:28.453" Score="20" ViewCount="12260" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes to test automation, I use a very arbitrary method based on experience that 80% of all tests should be automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has worked well in practice, but is based more on &quot;voodo&quot; than science.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I instead be performing a mini return on investment analysis for each test to work out which ones I are good automation candidates?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I just focus on the buggiest areas of the application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some good method(s) to determine when a test should be automated or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a simple criteria that can be applied, or is it truly a black art?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-07-01T22:47:39.610" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T16:24:48.077" Title="What are good guidelines to determine when to automate a test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-05-26T08:54:18.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buggiest first is not always a good choice, you might want to leave the buggiest areas to experienced exploratory testers.&#xA;I usually start by sorting the tests by their expected complexity level. Then I further sort by groups of related tests, and for each group define what is the needed infrastructure.&#xA;In many cases your ROI will be better by implementing a lot of simple tests rather than few complicated tests so I begin by doing a group of related simple tests and their related infrastructure. I will usually choose a group that has more in common with others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T08:54:18.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-05-26T09:43:55.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am afraid of using word &quot;best practice&quot; but I suggest to automate tests from the very beginning, at least not to wait till application UI is available to you. &#xA;I begin with Selenium test as soon as I have application mock available to me. Only part I would be missing on are application objects and I fill these place holders once I have app UI available to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach works well when you are not hard coding app objects in test itself and externalizing application navigation using Page Object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apropos of, what to automate: If you have large application and least resources available (which is very practical) for automation then first pick up your User Acceptance Tests and also the scenarios which have resulted in defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you have umpteen resources (which I highly doubt) then sea is the limit...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T09:43:55.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="826" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-26T10:35:47.023" Score="8" ViewCount="617" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to improve the tests for a bunch of renderers that generate 2D images, and I am looking for advice and ideas for testing that are both efficient and thorough but also branch friendly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All renderers can be set up in a massive number of ways - there are at least 30 independent variables in the newest(simplest) renderers, and easily hundreds of independent variables in some of the more mature ones. All these are stored in one giant blob of a state class which is used by all renderers. (If you want any further detail that would help, just ask)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To date, tests have been written using the following pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a feature to the renderer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy and paste a test in the relevant test file (copy and paste code contains setup, render, automated image comparison, dump on fail)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change the relevant variable and run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A human then checks the actual output is acceptable. If it is, the actual ouptut is copied to the expected output directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problems at the moment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The expected output directory is stored in SVN in the trunk of our source (to allow easy branching). However this is bloating our repository and inflaming &lt;strong&gt;checkout times&lt;/strong&gt; (1hour clean checkout) and &lt;strong&gt;disk usage&lt;/strong&gt; (1gb and growing).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test code is too long&lt;/strong&gt; and tests are &lt;strong&gt;unclear&lt;/strong&gt; due to the copy and pasting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding new tests that combines the test with all prior features is never done because it's unfeasible, so &lt;strong&gt;test coverage is poor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here's my ideas so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare image hashes instead of pixel by pixel image comparison, with some sort of 'AddImageToHashDatabase' program run by the human verifying test output.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then create (finite) lists of possible input for each variable and iterate over them all, testing every combination&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some other ideas from my team:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't try to test everything, just write a set of tests that randomly test certain things and generally hit the 'known to be used' cases (keep doing the current thing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move expected output to another repository&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make each test test a combination of totally different things to reduce number of images needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas for improving our testing, whether they're from prior experience or just ideas are greatly appreciated. Thanks! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="398" LastEditorUserId="398" LastEditDate="2011-05-26T12:17:40.937" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T17:34:59.133" Title="How should I test the output of image renderers thoroughly, efficiently and in a branchable way" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="826" CreationDate="2011-05-26T10:50:44.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An idea I got from a touch screen manufacturer- skip the human eye as much as possible.&#xA;There are algorithmic ways to compare two images, for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imagemagick.org/script/compare.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;imagemagick&lt;/a&gt;, they might be less accurate for catching fine details but will catch most of the problems.&#xA;For every test run add a short (short depending on your resources) stage of manual comparisons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T10:50:44.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-05-26T11:06:38.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on what you are trying to achieve out of Automating a test: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it need based automation? E.g. -&#xA;you can not run the test/observe the test results accurately in a non-automated manner. It is a very controlled test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the question of &quot;when&quot; does not arise. You just have to take a call whether to automate a test or not.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the time based automation? E.g. - regression tests.&#xA;Generally these are the ideal candidates for automation and that usually takes place when the functionality has 'matured', when you have a safe level of confidence in the stability of future (including a risk analysis of visible changes). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For such candidates, firstly, automation is easier to develop ,tests are more reliable(false failures are less probable) and you can concentrate on &quot;new&quot; functionalities to test. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T20:32:23.167" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T20:32:23.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="829" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-26T11:09:21.703" Score="3" ViewCount="564" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty new to selenium, and I'm following the Selenium Simplified book examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to run a simple test that was created in Selenium IDE on Portable Firefox 3.6 and saved as a JUnit 3 test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My OS is Windows 7 64 bit, and Firefox 4 is the default installation of Firefox (hence the need for portable 3.6, to use the IDE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The selenium server is already running when the test is run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test itself is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;public class MyFirstSeleniumTests extends SeleneseTestCase {&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;        setUp(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;, &quot;*chrome&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void test_google_for_selenium_rc() throws Exception {&#xA;        selenium.open(&quot;/&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.type(&quot;q&quot;, &quot;selenium rc&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.click(&quot;btnG&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output in the server console is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;14:04:44.950 INFO - Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*chrome, http://www.google.com/, ] on session null&#xA;14:04:44.961 INFO - creating new remote session&#xA;14:04:45.715 INFO - Got result: Failed to start new browser session: java.lang.RuntimeException: Firefox 3 could not be found in the path!&#xA;Please add the directory containing ''firefox.exe'' to your PATH environment&#xA;variable, or explicitly specify a path to Firefox 3 like this:&#xA;*firefox3c:\blah\firefox.exe on session null&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried more variations, but all gave me errors, so let's start here, and see where that goes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="627" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-24T14:22:54.060" LastActivityDate="2020-02-24T14:22:54.060" Title="Newbie question: How do I run a JUnit 3 test on Portable Firefox 3.6 in Selenium RC (1.0.3)?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-05-26T12:07:12.313" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think its hard to determine what is a &quot;Best Practice&quot; in this field since many aspects of software/hardware under test tend to be customized to the environments they are developed for what works in one environment does not work in another.  There are generics, such as highly repetitive tasks that have low return or have standard results which make good candidates for automation.  Other aspects of the environment are pretty much subjective, and you know what areas would best be suited to automation either by their stability or the way they work where you know that X input may only result in Y output or set Z though which you can verify one of many results depending on some external factor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decided to automate is hard, but I believe we know our environments best and can decide what tasks are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;repetitive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;simplistic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;free up time for more complex tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are stable enough&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;provide a good measure of confidence in stability and quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deterministic, will yield pass/fail without false results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are usually the criteria I go by.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2011-05-27T11:50:19.303" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T11:50:19.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="826" CreationDate="2011-05-26T13:39:21.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write your expected images in code: depending on your images, you might be able to hard-code specific options more easily than the actual renderers.  Put this under source control instead of images. Binaries are generally a bad thing to try and &lt;em&gt;change&lt;/em&gt; under source control.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keep a separate QA repository, and try not to branch it.  This will mean being more fastidious over what tests are there, but it sounds like you might need to do that anyhow. Don't just make it the expected output, but all QA stuff.  If you need something from the dev repository, put in place an automagic push from dev to QA (not synch!).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use some of the techniques &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/775/systematic-approaches-to-selection-of-test-data&quot;&gt;that Justin and I talk about here&lt;/a&gt; to attempt to reduce the number of tests, but improve coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Definitely do as Rsf suggests where possible: replace the human element with an automated test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T13:39:21.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-05-26T13:41:40.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that things that take the longest time to test manually would be best candidates for automation.  This then frees up more time for you to perform exploratory testing (which is where you are most likely to find the horrible defects).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2011-05-26T14:25:46.030" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T14:25:46.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="826" CreationDate="2011-05-26T13:44:53.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a sense, this is like the UI automation problem.  A human is the best judge of quality, and while an algorithm can't always tell you the UI is right, it might be able to tell you the UI is wrong and it might be able to tell you if something has changed since last time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, you have two problems: an image comparison problem and a combinatorial testing problem.  It sounds as if you keep a collection of canonical images that a human has certified to be correct.  Since you suggested alternatives to pixel-to-pixel comparison, I assume comparing images consumes a significant amount of time.  A hash code sounds like a reasonable shortcut for comparing image files.  Of course there are many hashing algorithms.  You may be better off using something like MD5 rather than, say, an algorithm that just sums the pixel values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If an image differs from the canonical version, what does a human look at to judge whether the new image is nonetheless correct?  Surely there will be cases when the image is obviously flawed, and other times when it's a judgement call.  I assume it would be valuable to have a reliable-enough image comparison algorithm.  Google seems to retrieve relevant hits when I search for &quot;image comparison metrics&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also seems to me that in some cases you have to judge an image's quality in terms of its similarity to other images that were generated with similar variables.  So for example, if I want to test the impact of the amount of ambient light, I might want to look at a series of images rendered with exactly the same variables except for the amount of ambient light.  For continuous variables, it might be feasible to eyeball one image of the series and then rely on an image comparison algorithm to judge whether the other images in the series are similar enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the combinatorial problem, clearly you cannot test all 2^30 combinations of variables.  I recommend starting with an All-Pairs approach and then increasing your coverage from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be honest, this sounds like a fun problem to work on: there's lot of data, it's a real problem, there are many possible approaches, and it will require some experimentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-05-26T17:34:59.133" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T17:34:59.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="829" CreationDate="2011-05-26T14:05:45.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no experience with Junit but did you notice error message -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Please add the directory containing ''firefox.exe'' to your PATH environment&#xA;variable, or explicitly specify a path to Firefox 3 like this:&#xA;*firefox3c:\blah\firefox.exe on session null&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also is it possible for you to downgrade browser to 3.0/3.6 and see if that works?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T14:05:45.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="829" CreationDate="2011-05-26T14:32:03.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can't find you firefox path, you will need to modify your path environmental variable to include the firefox.exe location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To modify your env path do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Start Menu -&gt; right click on Computer and Select Properties&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Advanced System Settings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Environmental Variables Under&#xA;System Variables scroll down to&#xA;Path, Select it and Click Edit Add&#xA;the path to your forefox.exe to the&#xA;end with a semi colon in front of it&#xA;(e.g. ;C:\Firefox)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click OK -&gt; OK -&gt; OK and try again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T14:32:03.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="837" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-26T14:55:54.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;SQL is an acronym, standing for &quot;Structured Query Language&quot; (not &quot;Standardized&quot;).&#xA;Database interaction requires the use of SQL, and over the years - vendors have implemented extensions of SQL (such as tsql for SQL Server &amp;amp; Sybase, plsql for Oracle, plpgsql for PostgreSQL; there's no known tag for MySQL's extensions) to provide more functionality as well as simplify it. Because of these extensions, SQL is fractured - syntax that works on one vendor does not necessarily work on another. ANSI standards have been beneficial in resolving such situations, but adoption is selective. ANSI means that a query should be portable to other databases, but it doesn't mean that performance will be the same nor that performance will be on par with native functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tag should be used for general SQL programming language questions, in addition to tags for specific products (IE: Microsoft SQL Server, using the sql-server tag (ref)) that implement some flavor of this language. SQL is the umbrella under which these products exist; tagging them by product (including version, e.g oracle11g, sql-server-2008) is the easiest way to know what functionality is available for the task at hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="633" LastEditorUserId="633" LastEditDate="2011-05-27T02:39:37.997" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T02:39:37.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="838" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-26T14:55:54.690" Score="0" Body="Structured Query Language (SQL) is a language for managing data in relational database management systems. This tag is for general SQL programming questions; it is not for Microsoft SQL Server, nor does it refer to specific dialects of SQL on its own. &#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="633" LastEditorUserId="633" LastEditDate="2011-05-27T02:39:43.740" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T02:39:43.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="877" CreationDate="2011-05-26T15:06:03.850" Score="5" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;To continue &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/760/is-it-possible-to-configure-androids-monkey-test-for-better-web-testing&quot;&gt;my monkey question&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I am looking for a way to generate Web traffic on a device (not emulator) running Android.&#xA;The unit under test is not the browser but lower communication layers of the device, so any way to generate simulated web traffic will suffice.&#xA;I understand that selenium has an Android version- has anybody used it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:44:25.763" Title="looking for a way to exercise Android web browser" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="840" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="842" CreationDate="2011-05-26T16:04:54.220" Score="9" ViewCount="339" Body="&lt;p&gt;Computer scientists are actively researching model-driven testing as a means of testing applications automatically.  The papers I've read are interesting, but so far the modelling technology appears too immature to apply to anything beyond &quot;toy&quot; applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have any of you used model-driven testing in a professional capacity (i.e. beyond a school project), and if so, what were your experiences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-05-08T19:02:00.203" Title="Is model-driven testing a viable technology for real applications yet?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-05-26T17:13:20.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend looking at tedious, highly repetetive tests that need to be repeated on a regular basis. For instance, if you're routinely spending several days on manual regression in a specific area of the application each time you release, it's probably a good candidate for automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think there is a &quot;best practice&quot; for what should be automated, because the decision depends a lot on the application under test, the environment, legislative requirements, hardware dependencies, and potential impacts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my place of work, for instance, the goal is to automate as much of the transactional testing as we can - because we develop point of sale systems for a niche industry, and need to be able to handle a variety of tax scenarios for customers who face serious financial issues if the calculations are even slightly off (among other things). We focus on transactions over configuration because transactions happen more often in the live environment, and because transactions are far more important to our customers than the setup. If they need to use an awkward workaround to set up, that's not as bad as if they can't sell something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, the best internal ROI can be achieved by automating the one task everyone in your team utterly detests! (Tax regression.... at least in my world).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T17:13:20.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="840" CreationDate="2011-05-26T17:18:27.483" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes - when it's applicable. Model-based testing is just another test design technique - but one that works quite well when the application under test (or feature area under test)  behaves like a finite state machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At Microsoft, we've used model-based testing extensively &lt;strong&gt;for features that behave like a state machine&lt;/strong&gt;. Protocol testing is probably the largest example (protocols like TCP/IP or SIP) are great examples of state machines and can be tested well using MBT (we use &lt;a href=&quot;http://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/271d0904-f178-4ce9-956b-d9bfa4902745/&quot;&gt;Spec Explorer&lt;/a&gt; to generate the models and tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other success stories on model-based testing with Spec Explorer are in &lt;a href=&quot;http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/specexplorer/thread/1edfd186-c699-4b02-9368-56cd044e479a&quot;&gt;this discussion&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T17:18:27.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="843" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="847" CreationDate="2011-05-26T17:38:31.600" Score="7" ViewCount="358" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Microsoft putting out a new version of IE every year or so, competitors like Google Chrome, Firefox, and Safari also doing the same, there are questions, frequently, as to whether a web application supports a particular browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is already a question out there (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/490/453&quot;&gt;What techniques are available to determine which browsers to test?&lt;/a&gt;) on determining which browser to test.  However, I've found in my experience that the rendering of the presentation layer has been of primary importance for testing browser support and the code that happens behind the scenes VERY rarely has any dependency on browser (if it does, that would seem to me to be a problem in design).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the answer may vary based upon the application and design, how would you make a determination of what would &quot;trigger&quot; a browser check?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:57:36.947" Title="How do you determine critical areas to test when verifying multiple browser support?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="844" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-05-26T18:41:34.167" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-05-26T18:41:34.167" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T18:41:34.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="845" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-05-26T18:41:34.167" Score="0" Body="Watir-webdriver is an open source framework for testing web applications. It is a Ruby implementation of Webdriver and allow supported browsers IE, Firefox, Chrome and HTML Unit to be driven using the Watir API." OwnerUserId="324" LastEditorUserId="324" LastEditDate="2011-05-27T02:39:54.050" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T02:39:54.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="843" CreationDate="2011-05-26T19:47:40.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Critical areas for browser compatibility checks are missing functionalities due to lack of support for javascript in the specific browser. It should also take into account the GUI issues like misalignment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the browsers may not support Javascript or Active-X control which are required by the software to provide the desired functionality to the end-user.  See the following wikipedia article &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_web_browsers#JavaScript_support&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_web_browsers#JavaScript_support&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1.) The date input field is validated for incorrect date-formats using javascript. If javascript is not supported by the browser, the software will allow the customer to enter invalid date which is a defect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.) A country drop-down is sorted alphabetically using a client-side javascript. The same rule applies as one. If it is not supported, the user finds it very difficult to select a country from the dropdown&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Text, graphics and color can appear differently on different browsers.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1.) Misalignment of controls on the web page which looks frustrating to the customer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.) Web page looking cluttered on mobile browsers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-05-27T02:39:10.417" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T02:39:10.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="843" CreationDate="2011-05-26T20:55:01.033" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;To decide what we need to test we need to understand what is likely to break. The current batch of web browsers have a set of commonly known bugs and differences. If you understand these differences, you can go a long way to understanding why pages have javascript issues or render differently in different browsers. Internet explorer has a large number of CSS layout issues and rendering bugs. A full list is available &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.positioniseverything.net/explorer.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some minor rendering differences are expected from browser to browser, or within different versions of the same browser on different platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The image below shows the rendering differences between Internet explorer 5.5 (which is ghosted) and Internet Explorer 6 for Microsoft’s homepage, back in 2008 when I first did the comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/620Oc.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Microsoft homepage in 2008&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you can clearly see is that the main page elements in IE5.5 are clearly moved to the left. You can also see that the navigation bar is not working at all, and that silverlight is not supported on IE 5.5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These types of rendering differences will occur typically across major versions of browsers.&#xA;When a browser exists cross platform, the same rendering engine is typically used on all, so the same version of the same browser will &lt;em&gt;typically&lt;/em&gt; render the same result on all platforms that it supports. This reduces the need for testing the same version of a browser on multiple platforms, however simple sanity checking of browsers cross platform is recommended if the configuration is already available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see visually how these bugs manifest themselves with the Acid 2 test. This is a test that is designed to see if a browser can render CSS correctly. Most sites are typically tested on one main browser first (the market leader), and as a result, browsers that don’t have these issues, will now have layout issues. This is clearly shown below in this comparison of different browsers running the browser Acid 2 test.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CeGQP.png&quot; alt=&quot;Acid 2 browser comparison&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your sites are developed on Macs, you can almost guarantee there will be issues in Internet Explorer. If your site is developed on Windows 7, the opposite applies and Safari,  and IE6 will probably be broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, a site will never look the same in EVERY browser. It is simply not possible. Here is how microsoft.com looks in lynx.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zX07d.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ironically, this is exactly how search engines see the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T21:03:35.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="840" CreationDate="2011-05-26T21:28:31.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, model based testing completely does my head in!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to think that I am not the dumbest person out there, but even after sitting down with HWTSAM, rolling up my sleeves and trying to get into it, I simply couldn't get it to work for the web based application I was testing at the time I tried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I don't think that means that it can't work, I think that means that effective Model based testing has a steep learning curve before you can get any results and real world benefits over and above other techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also think that in &quot;real world&quot; testing where time is tight and people don't have that much time to spend learning model based testing (using &lt;a href=&quot;http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/specexplorer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spec Explorer&lt;/a&gt; in Visual Studio), at the moment is simply too much time invested for not enough results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Specflow&lt;/a&gt; and writing tests myself without the model gives me much more bang for my buck when it comes to pounding out quick test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T21:28:31.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="803" CreationDate="2011-05-26T23:01:41.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I posted this on SO a while back.  There was a series of articles on closing the loop holes in your databae testing.   In the example in the article given He used C# and NUnit.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simple-talk.com/sql/t-sql-programming/close-those-loopholes---testing-stored-procedures--/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Close those Loopholes - Testing Stored Procedures&lt;/a&gt; So this may be of assistance.  I have done similar things writing small execution wrappers in C# that do very little but execute the data layer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2011-05-26T23:01:41.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-05-27T00:54:46.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am assuming that the test case can be automated.  Also assuming that one already has their sanity test cases / happy path automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Repetitive / Important&lt;/strong&gt; - Is this test case going to be tested all the time / most of the time? - This also gives an indication of the importance of the test case.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stability&lt;/strong&gt; - If the module of the application is not stable enough, the effort in automation is wasted to an extent.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Utility TCs&lt;/strong&gt; - Certain test cases need to be executed frequently to create setup e.g. Testing of multiple modules might require that an order be created each time (TC to create an order).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Complexity&lt;/strong&gt; - If a TC needs complex steps or calculations&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T00:54:46.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-05-27T02:08:00.313" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always think through the ROI to make my decision. I don't do anything formal, I usually just ask myself a few questions. This is generally a quick mental exercise. Things to consider (in order of priority).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What will the impact to the user be if this code fails?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many users will a failure in this area affect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How likely is it that this code will fail in the wild?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often is this code expected to change after release?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long will it take to automate?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long does it take to test manually?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thought of this way, it's usually pretty easy to decide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="641" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T02:08:00.313" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="853" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-27T05:55:58.447" Score="9" ViewCount="32450" Body="&lt;p&gt;The application that am working on was recently revamped and as part of that a new JQuery calendar was introduced. I need to click on a link in the calendar to select the time and date. However, Selenium.click is not working. The command gets executed, but nothing happens on the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To check whether my XPATH/CSS locator (I tried both) is correct, I added selenium.getText(locator) and selenium.highlight(locator) commands. Both worked!. No issues in that. Its ONLY the click that is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Upon checking in firebug, I could see that the div on which I am trying to click is kind of grayed out state. Does it meant that element is disabled? See the screenshot of the firebug below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried to run the same command in Selenium IDE. In IDE this works &quot;sometimes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running this test using Selenium 1.xx.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did one more thing as part of debugging. During the test run, I opened the Selenium IDE in the browser so that it records what actions are happening. IDE recorded all actions till this click. But I couldn't see anything in the IDE when the click command was executed. Any idea guys, what would be cause?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone faced a similar issue before? Any help would be appreciated!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EDIT &#xA;  Added screenshot of the calendar. The&#xA;  calendar comes up like a popup on top&#xA;  of the existing window.&#xA;  &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oaVAl.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KveZi.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-07T22:44:01.750" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T18:01:31.067" Title="Selenium.click not working on some anchor elements" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;firebug&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="672" CreationDate="2011-05-27T06:27:49.860" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, the underlying heuristic for combinatorial testing of multiple input parameters is that they are interdependent and the specific values assigned affect on a common output condition or state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the concept of testing various combinations of input variables that affect a common output condition or state, combinatorial testing may not be suited for testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sequentially ordered inputs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;state transition or business flow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;customer scenarios &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also discovered that conbinatorial testing may also miss single mode errors where the order in which the parameter variables are changed trigger a problem, but if the order is different the single mode failure may not be detected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T06:27:49.860" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="817" CreationDate="2011-05-27T07:22:24.880" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;create a path provider where you test data is located.&#xA;in a file create a method that returns expanded path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def datapath filename&#xA;  File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), filename))&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;use it in your test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.file_field(:name,&quot;the_file&quot;).set(datapath(filename))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="643" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T07:22:24.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="843" CreationDate="2011-05-27T08:41:34.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are different domains where browsers behave diffently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Javascript, as explained by Aruna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plain HTML, like all version of IE before 9 not supporting the canvas tag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSS : for example, the support of CSS vary even between the different versions of IE &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/10/14/css-differences-in-internet-explorer-6-7-and-8/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/10/14/css-differences-in-internet-explorer-6-7-and-8/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New HTML 5 related features, like the support of videos (with the now infamous WebM - H.264 war), the support of WebGL, WebFonts, SVG and so on...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The critical features you have to look at while testing depends greatly on your application and whici features are used in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T08:41:34.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="853" CreationDate="2011-05-27T08:54:40.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though you would be missing testing calendar functionality but if nothing works (as it is not just clicking calendar link but you would also have to navigate to right place in calendar) and it becomes a blocker then try typing directly in text box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T08:54:40.097" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="672" CreationDate="2011-05-27T10:32:01.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is situations when a bug can occur only when three or more states must be set a certain way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The long answer ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pairwise testing good technique that actually applies some pretty sound logic. That said, it is fairly easy to understand what the potential tradeoffs are .. let me illustrate using an example I have used previously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s assume that we are building an application that we use determine the cost of a flight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can choose from Sydney, Melbourne or Brisbane as destinations. We can choose from Business, Economy or Budget Economy as our type of ticket. Finally, we can choose Virgin Blue, Qantas or Jetstar as our airline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s assume that there is a bug which occurs when Business and Jetstar are selected together, because Jetstar don’t have any business class seats. With all 27 possible combinations, we would get three test failures, as shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Destination     Class           Airline         Result&#xA;Sydney          Business        Jetstar         Error&#xA;Sydney          Business        Qantas  &#xA;Sydney          Business        Virgin Blue &#xA;Sydney          Economy         Jetstar &#xA;Sydney          Economy         Qantas  &#xA;Sydney          Economy         Virgin Blue &#xA;Sydney          Budget Economy  Jetstar &#xA;Sydney          Budget Economy  Qantas  &#xA;Sydney          Budget Economy  Virgin Blue &#xA;Melbourne       Business        Jetstar         Error&#xA;Melbourne       Business        Qantas  &#xA;Melbourne       Business        Virgin Blue &#xA;Melbourne       Economy         Jetstar &#xA;Melbourne       Economy         Qantas  &#xA;Melbourne       Economy         Virgin Blue &#xA;Melbourne       Budget Economy  Jetstar &#xA;Melbourne       Budget Economy  Qantas  &#xA;Melbourne       Budget Economy  Virgin Blue &#xA;Brisbane        Business        Jetstar         Error&#xA;Brisbane        Business        Qantas  &#xA;Brisbane        Business        Virgin Blue &#xA;Brisbane        Economy         Jetstar &#xA;Brisbane        Economy         Qantas  &#xA;Brisbane        Economy         Virgin Blue &#xA;Brisbane        Budget Economy  Jetstar &#xA;Brisbane        Budget Economy  Qantas  &#xA;Brisbane        Budget Economy  Virgin Blue&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After we apply pairwise (I used allpairs) we reduce to the following 10 tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Destination     Class           Airline         Result&#xA;Sydney          Business        Jetstar         Error&#xA;Sydney          Economy         Qantas  &#xA;Sydney          Budget Economy  Virgin Blue &#xA;Melbourne       Business        Virgin Blue &#xA;Melbourne       Economy         Jetstar &#xA;Melbourne       Budget Economy  Qantas  &#xA;Brisbane        Business        Qantas  &#xA;Brisbane        Economy         Jetstar &#xA;Brisbane        Economy         Virgin Blue &#xA;Brisbane        Budget Economy  Jetstar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we found our bug in this case, so we didn't loose anything. So what is the trade-off with using pairs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well if a bug only occurs when three or more things occur, such as a Qantas business class flight to Melbourne, then you are not guaranteed of finding it. You may get lucky if your test case just happens to match, but you are not guaranteed to find it, that is the tradeoff with pairwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will get this kind of tradeoff with any testing approach, not just pairwise. My example shows what happens with 2 variables, when moving into combinations with more than just pairs, you can increase the coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also some tool limits. AllParis (which I used) can only do pairs, whilst other tools will have less limitations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-28T07:47:51.343" LastActivityDate="2011-05-28T07:47:51.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="451" CreationDate="2011-05-27T15:10:56.540" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The distinction between testing and checking adds no significant value to the profession of testing beyond witty philosophical banter around the water-cooler, or lead to changes in our SDLC processes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps the concept of checks vs. test may add value if it causes testers to reflect on the purpose or intent of a test. But, would that lead to a change in our professional jargon? The distinction is trivial at best IMHO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree that &quot;Testing is something we do with the motivation of finding new information.&quot; Sometimes even &quot;exploratory testing&quot; doesn't reveal new information that is important to the stakeholders, and sometimes well-desiggned automated test will reveal new information that was previously undiscovered via other testing approaches. Also, some tests (that might otehrwise be called checks) will reveal new information when changes in the product occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is not about &quot;trying things&quot; and then pondering whether or not the outcome is a problem. Boris Beizer stated, &quot;In kiddie testing the tester says, after the fact, the the observed outcome of the test was (or was not) the expected outcome. In real testing the outcome is predicted...&quot; In other words, when I am testing I should at least be able to predict to some degree what will occur or what state I will be in after I perform some set of actions; otherwise we are just guessing &quot;is there a problem here?&quot; So, if someone really wants to make a distinction between checking and testing, then they should also make a distinction between testing and guessing. I sometimes see an awful lot of guessing going on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T15:10:56.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="800" CreationDate="2011-05-27T15:52:12.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For example one can see a device has crashed, the other sees communications loss and the third will see that she can't install a driver for the device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this issue are your testers able to determine the root cause by investigating further? If they are unable to investigate for whatever reason then would it be possible to provide support in the form of tools or similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If however you are unable to provide support in this way to further allow your testers to narrow down the cause of the issue then the following may provide some way of reducing the number of duplicates in your tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primarily having testers perform a thorough search is one of the best ways to reduce duplicates but after searching if the tester is still not sure if it is a duplicate better to put it in just in case it is not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over reporting can become a problem if a large number of testers are doing it for a single issue, but this can be avoided by effective communication between testers if the issue is found to be present in several areas of the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't take into account that the root cause may be multiple issues and not just one, but gives the developer some time to research the issue and then feedback to the test team if the issue should be bugged per occurrence (with some sort of constraint, per dialogue, mission, element) or as a single issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this information it also allows the test team to more effectively regress the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to unify the terms that the test team use to describe the problem, perhaps on a per component basis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This comes at the expense of setting terms based on perhaps changing features throughout the development cycle and keeping the entire team up to date on the latest terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="283" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T15:52:12.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="489" CreationDate="2011-05-27T15:56:47.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure it's directly relevant or an option for you, but &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2180460/setting-up-a-deployment-build-ci-cycle-for-php-projects&quot;&gt;this post on SO&lt;/a&gt; suggests that &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2180460/setting-up-a-deployment-build-ci-cycle-for-php-projects/2225613#2225613&quot;&gt;Hudson is a good option&lt;/a&gt;. And for good measure, here's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://hudson-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;direct Hudson CI link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T15:56:47.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-05-27T19:29:58.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone mentions that a separate QA team can build an us vs them mentality, &quot;which is not healthy&quot;. I'd beg to differ on that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can afford a separate QA team then I'd suggest a bit of professional &quot;them and us&quot; is a good thing. Them and us doesn't have to be nasty or un-cooperative. Them and us can be very constructive. In much the same way that competition can be very productive and constructive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've got professional testers in a dedicated team then you'll always have a bit of them and us. However, a good tester will always work constructively with his/her development counterpart. And that, more often than not, can mean a great working relationship. A great working relationship that helps everyone deliver good quality code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="646" LastActivityDate="2011-05-27T19:29:58.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2011-05-29T05:58:20.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking at WatiN for cross browser functional testing and looking at Expession SuperPreview for comparing the layouts between different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit #2:&#xA;After further requirements gathering for we ended up picking up a licence for Telerik's test studio.  One of the key directives that I ended up being given by my management was to find a tool with robust record and playback capability.  One nice thing about the tool is that I can inject coded steps to handle more complex situations that the record and playback is not up to.  I am still working on seeing how well this will maintain over the long run but I am pretty happy with it so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2012-02-10T23:04:14.153" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T23:04:14.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2011-05-29T06:54:46.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my test rig.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I run a Macbook pro, which allows me to test Safari, Firefox and opera side-by-side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then have a number of virtual machines (Mostly XP) that have the different browsers installed on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I want to cheat a bit, I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.my-debugbar.com/wiki/IETester/HomePage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IETester&lt;/a&gt; which allows me to run different browsers in one application. Another option is &lt;a href=&quot;http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MultipleIEs&lt;/a&gt; which installs side-by-side versions of Internet explorer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One word of caution, the &quot;hack&quot; solutions are about 98% right and do have a few issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-29T06:54:46.950" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-29T09:24:09.323" Score="0" ViewCount="2317" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having difficulty to make them work together. How do you setup the server or the test to use Firefox Portable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the things I had to do was specify the exact location of the Firefox.exe. No problem there, but it seems the server has problems with launching the firefox profile from the portable location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The browser gets loaded, but stops there - the test steps themselves do not get performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="627" LastEditorUserId="627" LastEditDate="2011-05-29T13:31:24.570" LastActivityDate="2012-06-23T07:52:30.173" Title="Has someone ever used Selenium RC with Firefox Portable (specifically FF3.6)?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="867" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="869" CreationDate="2011-05-29T12:44:36.490" Score="11" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question has been revolving on my mind from quite some time. &#xA;Do you develop one method for one test scenario or club similar scenarios in one method and develop automated tests for it. Both approaches have their pros and cons. For example consider you are writing GUI level automated tests and are validating whether application has certain elements on page or not, and if it succeeds then you proceed with more tests now do you do something like this -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testGUIElements() {&#xA;&#xA;Assert Element1;&#xA;Assert Element2;&#xA;Assert Element3;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or do you do something like -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testElement1() {&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;testElement2() {&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;testElement3() {&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not writing my approach here to avoid getting biased answers...&#xA;I must mention that I am not a developer and has been hard core manual QA in my career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;n.b. I modified the question to make it more clear, hopefully :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-05-29T20:42:14.323" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T10:08:36.783" Title="How do you design your test method/function" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="873" CreationDate="2011-05-29T13:41:47.193" Score="8" ViewCount="4899" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are at least two really good books for Selenium beginners, and quite a few courses/tutorials out there, as well as a lot of blogs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I haven't seen quite as much out there for Watir - I'd like to know about useful resources for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Watir or Watir-Webdriver for those new to using it, but who have some automation experience&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Introductory resources for testers who haven't done automation before&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T01:55:45.853" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T01:55:45.853" Title="Good Watir or Watir-Webdriver tutorials/resources for new-to-automation testers?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-29T13:44:16.863" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="867" CreationDate="2011-05-29T18:10:22.173" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;My preference is to have one test per element. This aids in diagnosability (test failure points directly to missing element) and maintainability (e.g. if elements are added or removed). I also like to use namespaces and classes to group the tests - e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace TestPrerequisites&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;   public class GuiElements&#xA;   {&#xA;      public bool VerifyElementOne() {...}&#xA;      public bool VerifyElementTwo() {...}&#xA;   }&#xA;   //you could put other prequisites in this namespace&#xA;   public class DatabaseElements {}&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA; namespace FunctionalTests&#xA; {&#xA;    // put functional tests here - &#xA;    // note that you could group these by type of tests, &#xA;    // or functional area as appropriate&#xA;    // (e.g. &quot;namespace InputTests&quot;&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-05-29T18:10:22.173" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="867" CreationDate="2011-05-29T18:44:30.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the test methods are repeatedly used in other tests and can be made reusable you could define it as a separate method. For example Login method is used by almost all the test cases. Creating a separate login test method enhances re-usability and avoids writing code from scratch each time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing login method the test method should be separate and re-usable as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;testLogin()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are defining a specific scenario that is seldom re-usable you can group up the verification points in a single method. Alan's suggestion is valuable in this case. Define a package say payment for all payment related testcases. Define a class for each payment test case say testShoppingPay, testRecurringPay. Inside each class you need to call a reusable method for initial setup. Write a testmethod for verification points involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;testinitSetup() //Method for initial test case setup&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;test() //contains all verification points&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;{&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;      testLogin() //Calls reusable login method&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;      Assert(Element1Present)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;      Assert(Element2Present)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;......&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;......&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-02T10:08:36.783" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T10:08:36.783" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="868" CreationDate="2011-05-29T21:08:14.203" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The watir.com website is a great collection of resources about Watir. Željko Filipin, Watir community manager, is currently working on a book about Watir (https://github.com/zeljkofilipin/watirbook/). It is currently a work in progress, but I'm sure he would very much be interested in hearing what kind of things someone new to Watir would like to see in the book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastActivityDate="2011-05-29T21:08:14.203" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-29T21:08:14.203" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="783" CreationDate="2011-05-29T22:11:54.477" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;My considered answer to this is a firm ‘No’ and I’d go further, in that I am of the opinion that blindly automating manual tests may be an automated testing anti-pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual test scripts are executed by testers who are able to make decisions, judgements and evaluations. As a result, manual tests are often able to cover large areas of the system under test hitting a large number of test conditions. A manual test can easily become a large sprawling, description covering many areas of the application and this can be a very useful manual test. However, this would not be an advisable design for an automated test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests that attempt to cover every point that a manual test covers tend to be brittle. They have a tendency to break more often and also annoyingly, an automated test will often stop completely when it hits a failure or an error meaning that later steps do not get run. This can mean that, in order to complete a testing run, some minor problem with a larger script can need to be resolved. In my experience, it’s far easier to have these assertions within separate tests, so that other tests can be run independently.&#xA;Over time I have found that, large automated tests that attempt to literally replicate manual test scripts, become a considerable maintenance headache. Particularly, as they tend to frequently fall over when you really want to run them. The frustration can lead to major disillusionment with the automated test effort itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blindly attempting to automate entire manual tests could also block gaining the maximum benefit from the test automation effort. A manual test in itself may not be easily automatable – but individual parts of it may be and by automating those, the manual test script could be reduced in size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual test scripts tend to be most efficient when hitting as many areas of the application in the shortest amount of time possible. In contrast, automated test scripts tend to be more efficient when hitting as few areas of the application as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be argued that one of the reasons why automation often ‘involves automating a manual process already in place that uses a formalized testing process’ is because automation is often introduced for the first time onto existing projects that already have manual tests, this may inevitably lead to the temptation to simply automate existing manual scripts. I would ask myself though, if the test had been automated from the outset, would I have designed the test the same was as I would a manual test? - I feel that my honest answer is ‘No’. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So although existing manual tests clearly can be useful documentation for automated testing in that they can show what is currently being tested and how, they should not dictate the design of the automated tests themselves. In my opinion, good manual test designs explain to a human how to test the features of the application most efficiently; good automated test designs make it easy for machine logic to exercise important features quickly and in my opinion, these are very different engineering problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastActivityDate="2011-05-29T22:11:54.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="868" CreationDate="2011-05-30T00:54:05.017" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In terms of introductory resources, I'd recommend the book 'Everyday scripting with Ruby' by Brian Marik  it's a great into to scripting/programming with ruby, and since everything watir does is powered by ruby, getting a good basic grasp of the language is important.  Also the book is very much 'aimed' at testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing that's essential (for anyone doing ANY kind of webtesting) is a basic fundamental understanding of how HTML works, the various objects and tags, and how web pages are structured.  There's probably a dozen online tutorials you can hit that will teach the basics of HTML.  Myself I mostly self taught it via taking web pages apart and using 'webmaster in a nutshell' but that book (a great reference IMHO) is now out of print and a bit long in the tooth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Watir itself, the Watir Wiki has a tutorial &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.openqa.org/display/WTR/Start+Here&quot;&gt;http://wiki.openqa.org/display/WTR/Start+Here&lt;/a&gt; which I recommend as a first step/introduction.  Also essential is the Watir RDOC which is the standard way any Ruby 'Gem' is documented &lt;a href=&quot;http://rdoc.info/gems/watir/frames&quot;&gt;http://rdoc.info/gems/watir/frames&lt;/a&gt; which is basically your technical reference (if you want to see what methods are available for given elements etc.)  You'll find links to all the above on the &quot;Documentation&quot; tab of the main watir.com website &lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/documentation/&quot;&gt;http://watir.com/documentation/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best place to ask for help once code is involved is IMHO Stack Overflow (just tag the question with the 'Watir' tag) since it allows better formatting of sample code, page code etc. A close second is the Watir General group in Google-Groups (http://groups.google.com/group/watir-general) which is a very active watir community (although the restrictions on message formatting make it less useful for support) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T00:54:05.017" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-05-30T00:54:05.017" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="867" CreationDate="2011-05-30T01:13:42.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is IMHO a good reason to use a framework such as Cucumber that allows you to have steps that are reusable between multiple scenarios, and also provides ways for a scenario step to repeated multiple times with different data, or an entire scenario to be repeated with different data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T01:13:42.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2011-05-30T01:43:41.023" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a functional basis,  something like Selenium  or Watir-Webdriver will work to test some of the most popular browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But IMHO the first line of defense is going to be a human, since a majority of the issues I've seen with regard to cross browser support tend to be rendering issues, that are often not easy to automate in a non brittle fashion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's stuff that doesn't interfere too much with functionality but makes the site look like hell, or stuff like say 5 buttons overlapped in a single spot, which make the site un-usable by a human, but won't even phase a lot of functional test tools (which because they are acting programmatically at the DOM level have no issue clicking a specific button regardless of where it is on the screen or what's rendered on top of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T01:43:41.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="867" CreationDate="2011-05-30T01:49:32.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My preference would be one method per test scenario &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reasons &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Easy(ier) to cherry pick and port/maintain/change/execute/analyze&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Better traceability -- 1:1 relationship between test scenario &amp;amp; test method &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T01:49:32.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="839" CreationDate="2011-05-30T08:52:32.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got at least 2 answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;from command line, use &lt;code&gt;adb&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb am start &quot;http://http://sqa.stackexchange.com&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;from the device itself use an &lt;code&gt;sl4a&lt;/code&gt; script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T00:44:25.763" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:44:25.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-30T15:49:14.013" Score="4" ViewCount="2961" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to run Selenium Server on a recent version of Windows Server so as to be able to test IE browsers as well as Firefox, Chrome, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My choices for Windows Server are 2008 R2, 2008, or 2003. Are there any issues anyone is aware of with running it on any of those versions? Also, is there any reason to run it on a 32-bit version rather than a 64-bit version of Windows Server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="659" LastEditorUserId="659" LastEditDate="2011-05-30T15:54:45.460" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T15:27:20.057" Title="Selenium Server and Windows Server compatibility" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="878" CreationDate="2011-05-30T17:42:13.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can say that I have worked with both 32 bit and 64 bit operating system using Selenium Server and the only requirement I am aware of is the - need to have java install on your system to be able to run Selenium Server. Reason - Selenium Server is written in java and needs java run time environment to be able to start the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T17:42:13.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="880" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="901" CreationDate="2011-05-30T18:47:51.623" Score="12" ViewCount="983" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've written and edited a bunch of automated GUI tests. In some cases, the tests are inefficient (eg to select an item from a list, instead of a clever search, a dialog is opened and starting fro the top each item is selected until the item is found). This creates tests that run much longer than they could, but is this a problem? Most of the time the tests I run are run overnight unattended, so it's not too relevant if they take 4 or 10 hours to run. On the other hand, even small efficiencies could make a difference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it doesn't matter so long as the tests are complete and up-to-date. Any other opinions? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt; Reading some comments, this question is a bit open ended and biased, so let me provide some more details. The tests I run are GUI tests (using SilkTest), so they run in almost real time to simulate and end user. So reducing test run times from 4-10 hours to 4-10 minutes isn't possible. It may be possible to reduce them from 4 hours to 3 hours, however. As well, the tests may be relatively difficult to optimize. Any ideas for reducing test time for GUI tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-07-13T21:45:56.330" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T12:15:01.267" Title="Should automated tests be efficient?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;efficiency&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-30T19:38:50.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in the same boat, where 12-16 hours for tests to run is acceptable.  However, if for no other reason than editing and debugging, efficient is the way to go.  Although it may take you a while to write the clever search, it will save you a lot of time in the long run.  Additionally, if anything ever happens where you have less of a window, there's no need to refactor to make it more efficient off the hop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a second point however, I bet that your team values the efficiency of the code that you're testing, you owe it to your team to write your automated test code just as efficiently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T19:38:50.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-30T19:46:34.723" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scaling is always important to &lt;em&gt;keep in mind.&lt;/em&gt; If you doubled the number of tests (which will happen eventually) to so now it goes up to 20 hours, would this be a problem? Maybe. You would start it at 5 when you leave, and get no feedback until after lunch the next day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing I'd consider is how fast could they be? If you were to take them from 4-10 hours down to 4-10 minutes, then you could run them hourly instead of daily. That seems well worth it. If you would take it down to 3-8 hours, then you're probably not gaining as much from it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing I'd consider is the effort required to optimize. How long will it take to optimize? Have you tried optimizing some of them? Can you do hard work on one and reuse that hard work on others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A question to ask is... would it be just as easy to spawn a second machine to run tests on, and move some of the suites there? If it's going to be 40 hours to do some optimizations, and only 8 hours of labor plus some capital expense to &quot;throw more hardware at it&quot; it makes good economic sense to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottom line is a simple cost-benefit analysis. Determine the benefit gained from optimizing it, and compare it to the cost of doing so. Do some research (which in this case consists of doing some optimization to get an idea of the scope of the time required) and crunch the numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a final thought, I bet any manager/interviewer would be glad to know the person on/about to be on his staff would be glad to know you're able to take the initiative and make the infrastructure better for the team!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T19:46:34.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-30T20:20:39.377" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Efficiency is relative to your needs.  Rather than ask, &quot;Should automated tests be efficient?&quot;, it might be more interesting to ask, &quot;When does automated efficiency matter?&quot;  For example, if you expect a developer to run your automated test before checking in a change, it matters a great deal how long it takes that test to run.  You could probably poll your developers and find the pain threshold beyond which developers will stop using your tests -- it is likely they have strong feelings about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing: I have always suspected -- but have never tried to test empirically -- whether people are more patient with their own automated tests than with other people's automated tests.  Perhaps that's because, as I have stated in answers to other questions, the one person who really understands what an automated test does is the person who wrote it.  When you aren't sure what a test actually does, or more to the point whether it does anything useful, it's harder to justify taking the time to run it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T20:20:39.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-30T23:12:24.823" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should work towards fast feedback. Using parallel test execution your testrun can theoretically take as long as your slowest test. A testrun which completes in minutes instead of hours helps you work in smaller faster cycles, catch errors faster, improve your testsuite faster etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers want to know a change they've made caused a bug in the system as soon as possible. If they hear about it the next day they will have to freshen up their memory about what the change was about. If they hear it a half hour after the fact it is far easier to fix it because the change they've made is still fresh in memory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parallel execution is probably step 1 in making your tests more efficient. A testrun which takes 4 hours takes approximately 1 hour if you run 4 tests simultaneously and will take approximately 8 minutes when you run 30 tests simultaneously. Parallel test execution can get hard to setup depending on the sytem but it could be worthwhile. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After making your testsuite run in parallel you can pick out the slowest tests and optimize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="404" LastActivityDate="2011-05-30T23:12:24.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-31T03:07:36.170" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, however this is one of those circumstances when &lt;em&gt;it depends&lt;/em&gt;, an the final answer on &quot;how efficient&quot; will be different for everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why it matters&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use test automation for a smoke or BTV test, then you want to be able to execute broad coverage quickly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need to debug or re-run a test to see if a failure occurrs you don't want to be sitting around for minutes waiting, you want to execute quickly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why it doesn't matter&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have enough harware (and licenses) to scale our your execution, as long as you can walk out the door of an evening, and walk back in the following morning and 100% of your tests have executed, then they are run fast enough.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that said, once you have had tests that run as fast as the hardware will let them run, (i.e. the bottleneck is the sever response time) everything else just feels slow and inefficent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-31T13:14:45.667" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T13:14:45.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-05-31T06:36:27.187" Score="5" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being in the embedded world I have always tested products that go to OEM's or end clients, I have never tested a product that my company really use.&#xA;Besides the fact that you can use and feel the product in the real world, what are the differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T06:19:06.567" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T09:28:16.930" Title="Is testing a product your company uses different than a product shipped to customers?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="887" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="902" CreationDate="2011-05-31T07:15:15.810" Score="15" ViewCount="1174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a Java Automated tester for a website built with GWT. My bosses now want me to specialize in security testing. The problem is that nobody in the company knows anything about security testing, except for some light SQL Injection, which is easy to test for either way. The problem I'm having is that they want me to come up with actual cases for XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) and CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery). While &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/articles/security_for_gwt_applications.html&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt; provides some examples for &lt;em&gt;programmers&lt;/em&gt;, they do nothing to teach testers on how exactly to test for these vulnerabilities. Is there a place, a tutorial, something that provides actual examples of how people can attempt these types of exploits and how to discover them in your web application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="663" LastEditorUserId="2377" LastEditDate="2013-05-06T05:01:09.917" LastActivityDate="2013-05-06T05:01:09.917" Title="XSS/CSRF security testing" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="890" CreationDate="2011-05-31T08:19:31.460" Score="5" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if this is the right place for asking this.&#xA;Any time I start a selenium test I get two windows. One &#xA;with the command which are right now been performed and &#xA;the second one with the test itself.&#xA;My problem is that in this second window I do not have&#xA;any of my plugins. I would like to have firebug for &#xA;example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A second problem is that with the the google toolbar installed, in the first window I always get a dialog asking if I want it or not. Doesn't matter what I click&#xA;this will appear again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I avoid these two problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="209" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-05-31T11:27:54.990" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T22:22:31.690" Title="Starting selenium always spawns a second window" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="886" CreationDate="2011-05-31T08:26:18.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I have understood your question:&#xA;It really depends only on the product under test. There should be no difference regarding your approach to the testing activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T08:26:18.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="888" CreationDate="2011-05-31T08:30:16.040" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you able to upgrade to selenium 2 webdriver? With webdriver you don't have multiple windows to worry about anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use firebug by providing a firefoxprofile which has the plugin installed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="404" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T08:30:16.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="887" CreationDate="2011-05-31T09:41:09.903" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google have a great site (gruyere) for learning more about some of the most common security vulnerabilities on the web, you can find it &lt;a href=&quot;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. It's a good place to start but it is not a comprehensive list of all your security concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can look at those examples then try to relate them to where they would apply to your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T09:41:09.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="886" CreationDate="2011-05-31T11:25:16.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the main difference is the availability of users who actually use your products. If you are shipping an internal system, you have access to users who actually used it day to day, and you can ask them questions, study their usage or get their direct feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working on an architectural piece, a library or an embedded component, you would only get that feedback from a &quot;Man in the middle&quot; and not the actual end users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T11:25:16.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="903" CreationDate="2011-05-31T11:45:27.397" Score="35" ViewCount="6378" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of a good practice in context on how to perform a no blame post morten review, with a view to process improvement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a major issue is found in an application after it has been released (a test escape) who/what should ultimately be considered responsible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer for introducing the issue?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tester for not finding the issue?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Both the developer and the tester?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No-one (it's the system that failed, not the people)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Everyone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thoughts ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: No actual persons were harmed in the writing of this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T05:28:53.363" LastActivityDate="2021-01-03T03:05:43.117" Title="Who is ultimately responsible for issues that are found after software is released?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2011-05-31T12:25:47.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of the above... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developer &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; responsible for writing buggy code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tester &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; responsible for not finding the issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on who asks the question, and the purpose and meaning of &quot;responsible&quot; you can get a better answer using root cause analysis of the test-escape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tester missed the bug either by not testing it (coverage not good enough) or by accidentally missing it (human or automation error), this can be divided more to the existence and following of test development procedures (were there clear requirements ? who reviewed the documents ?) , test execution procedures or even work overload that can lead to errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wish you can continue digging even more (following the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Whys&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;5 whys rule&lt;/a&gt;), lets stay with a coverage issue for example- we want to understand who's responsible for why wasn't this case covered. Did anybody reviewed your tests and test implementation ? Are there clear procedures that every test document should be reviewed ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etc...Etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that few more questions will usually lead to one, and only one responsibility- god (didn't give the company's CEO enough brains to hire a good test manager).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T12:25:47.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2011-05-31T12:26:14.777" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what you mean by &quot;responsible&quot; in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who should get yelled at&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who should be fired&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who should get demerits on their next annual review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who should take action to cure the problem&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;something else&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly both the developer(s) and tester(s), and almost certainly others, should be concerned whenever a defect escapes into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tester should try to determine why it wasn't caught in test (assuming that it actually wasn't detected, rather than having been detected but having the bug deferred), and how to prevent such an escape from happening again.  The tester also should be involved in reproducing the problem in the test environment, and verifying an eventual fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But clearly, the tester didn't create the bug, so the developer needs to understand the root cause of the bug, how to cure the bug, and how to prevent it from happening again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Management (both Test and Project Management) might need to understand what led up to this defect escape.  Perhaps aggressive schedules, inadequate/unclear Requirements, lack of training, etc, might or might not indicate that some processes need to be revised.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T12:26:14.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2011-05-31T12:28:34.017" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;The whole team regardless of responsibilities should shoulder the blame. It is not a &quot;test escape&quot; but a &quot;team escape&quot;. Testing is not only a department, it is also a discipline that everyone in the team should be involved in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T12:28:34.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="886" CreationDate="2011-05-31T12:28:39.783" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.  They are vastly different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing code to be used only by a captive audience has a completely different set of risks, schedules, priorities, impacts, etc.  &quot;Good Enough&quot; means something very different for an internal audience than it does for paying customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The impact of poor quality has a completely different dynamic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very often, the budget allocated is completely different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T12:28:39.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="886" CreationDate="2011-05-31T12:33:41.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what Joe notes I have seen internal applications often get the &quot;well it works here, and its only us so quality doesn't need to be stellar&quot; attitude get used.  This is wrong.  Anything that goes out should be put under the same guidelines for quality, other people in the company are Customers to, and you can get to them easier and have a better opportunity to stop by and see how the tool/product is being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often this is skipped or neglected, but I always think of it this way: if its not something you'd want on your computer at home, don't ship it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T12:33:41.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-31T12:33:50.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tests should be just efficient enough, and no more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;This creates tests that run much longer than they could, but is this a problem? Most of the time the tests I run are run overnight unattended, so it's not too relevant if they take 4 or 10 hours to run. On the other hand, even small efficiencies could make a difference.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not trying to use circular logic here, but it's only a problem if it's a problem in your environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have an overnight available to run all your tests, and you will only ever use 10 hours to run your inefficient tests, then it probably doesn't matter.  Time spent making your tests more efficient is probably wasted.  You can always &quot;make it better&quot;, the trick is getting to &quot;good enough&quot; and moving on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if at some point you need to run so many tests that you start to run out of available overnight time, then it will be a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; can determine if there's a problem, a potential problem, or no problem at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T12:33:50.510" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2011-05-31T13:22:10.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work, which has a very enlightened approach to QA/Dev, we actually have a report that details every bug found at customer sites, why it was missed in QA and what steps are being taken to ensure that similar bugs will not be missed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We understand that everyone is human. If we expect developers to occasionally wirte a bug into the code, we should expect QA to occasionally miss a bug too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is to have a process that catches these things as best we can. This is why we report coverage for tests, and test plans are checked periodically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blame is not a useful idea to work with. What we try to do is find all the failures that occurred in the process that caused the bug to escape. It usually takes 3-4 failures in the same path for this to happen. Then each failure is dealt with using the Kai-Zen method of 5-whys, if somewhat haphazardly applied. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, if one of the failures is a test that was reported as done but wasn't really done, we might need to give the person involved a stern talking to. The same goes for changes made in code without notifying QA that they should re-test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As ever, this varies with the type of software, company size and culture and a thousand other things, so your mileage may vary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="202" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T13:22:10.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-31T13:49:37.337" Score="15" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any ideas for reducing test time for GUI tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One tip that many seem to overlook is to ensure that all your tests are actually useful.  Many times, tests decay over time - their usefulness fades to the point that the tests themselves are a waste of time, no matter how quick they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once joined an organization that ran automated overnight tests which emailed a completion report to a large group.  After a few days I noticed that it always indicated an overall &quot;Pass&quot;, yet my manual tests indicated major failures.  When I dug in and looked at the automation, I found that the code was a mess and had no chance of actually detecting any real bugs.  I removed most of the automation, and replaced it with a much smaller, shorter test that actually was capable of detecting some bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T13:49:37.337" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="887" CreationDate="2011-05-31T13:51:07.380" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're willing to spend a little bit of cash, I'd recommend both &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321369440&quot;&gt;How to Break Web Software&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0596514832&quot;&gt;Web Security Testing Cookbook&lt;/a&gt;.  I also recommend playing around with things like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dvwa.co.uk/&quot;&gt;Damn Vulnerable Web Application&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category%3aOWASP_WebGoat_Project&quot;&gt;WebGoat&lt;/a&gt;.  Should give you a decent start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T13:51:07.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2011-05-31T14:30:29.993" Score="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer is &quot;everyone&quot; - as was pointed out in other responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the long answer, I'll refer to an article I wrote recently on this exact subject, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/sitewide.asp?ObjectId=16670&amp;amp;Function=DETAILBROWSE&amp;amp;ObjectType=COL&amp;amp;sqry=*Z%28SM%29*J%28MIXED%29*R%28relevance%29*K%28simplesite%29*F%28the%20one%20that%20got%20away%29*&amp;amp;sidx=0&amp;amp;sopp=10&amp;amp;sitewide.asp?sid=1&amp;amp;sqry=*Z%28SM%29*J%28MIXED%29*R%28relevance%29*K%28simplesite%29*F%28the%20one%20that%20got%20away%29*&amp;amp;sidx=0&amp;amp;sopp=10&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The One That Got Away&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T05:29:12.217" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T05:29:12.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="904" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="906" CreationDate="2011-05-31T14:33:20.213" Score="8" ViewCount="1904" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I am in ship mode I normally apply a set of criteria before I will &quot;Ship&quot;. They do vary, however they are typically along the lines of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugzilla#Zarro_Boogs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Zarro Boogs&lt;/a&gt; (Zero active issues). This normally translates to critical bugs fixed, all other bugs marked as &quot;won't fix&quot; and moved to the next release.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All test cases executed against a single release candidate build.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All test failures reviewed and agreement reached that the failures are acceptable, and bugs have been raised.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am assuimg a large, system that has taken 12 months to develop with a team of say 30-50 team members. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these types of criteria common? What criteria would be considered general guidelines or sample exit criteria be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-08-21T22:21:39.073" LastActivityDate="2012-08-21T22:21:39.073" Title="What are guidelines to use for exit criteria when releasing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="904" CreationDate="2011-05-31T14:51:09.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That sound about right.&#xA;Few questions though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;by &quot;won't fix&quot; did you mean &quot;won't fix in this release&quot; ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;All test cases&quot;- what happens if some test cases didn't run, for example due to a broken test equipment. Where I work we review the risks involved, and decide on a course of action.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Single release candidate&quot;- what happens if minor fixes are added ? do you re-run all of the test cases ? we tend to combine several releases if the changes are not major (I know... it's risky)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;All test failures reviewed and agreement reached that the failures are acceptable&quot;- what happens if a failure is still being investigated ? we have bugs that stays open for weeks or months in rare cases. A known issue can be added to the release notes in this case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T14:51:09.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="904" CreationDate="2011-05-31T15:00:17.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would sum up your bullet points as this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reported bugs are prioritized for level of severity.  All bugs considered &quot;must be fixed for release&quot; are then fixed and verified.  All other bugs are re-prioritized and scheduled for future releases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A final release candidate build is created and all test cases deemed critically necessary have been executed and verified as passed.  If there are any bugs found during this process, it must be repeated to ensure a &quot;clean&quot; release candidate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risk assessment is performed against all &quot;new&quot; bugs found during final test verification.  Bugs are prioritized and evaluated based upon risk and severity and you go back up to item 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an ideal world, when you get down to release time, 1 and 2 should be &quot;clean&quot; and you have nothing else to worry about.  But this is not necessarily an ideal world so an iterative approach needs to be taken to make sure that, if something critical is found in the final run through, you have a place to go back to in order to start over and try again without having to re-do the universe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T15:00:17.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="907" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="914" CreationDate="2011-05-31T15:58:50.720" Score="9" ViewCount="3304" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been looking at different testing techniques and wondered if anyone had some &quot;real world&quot; examples of using state transition diagrams rather than the bog standard clock and light switch ones that are always used. &#xA;     I was also wondering if when using a wizard does each page of the wizard count as a separate state?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="369" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:57:22.180" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:57:22.180" Title="Are state transition diagrams a good software testing technique" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;state-diagrams&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="907" CreationDate="2011-05-31T16:19:28.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;State Transition Diagrams are a handy tool in some contexts, but I wouldn't refer to them as a &quot;Software Testing Technique&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what this has to do with a &quot;bog standard clock and light switch&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T16:19:28.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-31T19:23:41.657" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been in this situation before.  We were running real-time tests for similar reasons.  I wouldn't optimize prematurely, but if you see a looming problem I also wouldn't wait until it's already an issue.  Some things we did:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parallelized testing across many machines.  Make it easy to select a subset of your tests, so you can break one test run into multiple mini-runs, and have a scheduler handle assigning those mini-runs to multiple machines.  You will need to decide whether you want to run the same tests on the same machines all the time, for consistency, or switch around, for greater coverage (you may hit some bugs only on certain machines).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Distinguished between feature tests and end-to-end tests.  There is no need to simulate the user until you get to the feature you are testing for a feature test, but for an end-to-end test, you need to simulate the entire way through.  You might be able to move quickly during setup, slow down and simulate during the actual test, then speed up again during cleanup for feature tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used configurable constants for periods of time between actions.  Not only will this allow you to easily adjust the runtime if you find speed is becoming more important (and then maybe do a 'slow' run on the weekends), but by reconfiguring things to run at different speeds occasionally, you get more coverage (some nasty bugs are only hit if you do things faster than normal).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Broke out time-consuming computations, so we had a &quot;test&quot; phase that just logged stuff, and an &quot;analysis&quot; phase that sorted through the information to get useful statistics.  This was performance GUI testing, so we did a lot of data analysis - it might not apply for your situation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Note priority for each test, and don't run all tests every night if time is an issue.  You can run low-priority tests just once a week to save resources.  Or run tests in priority order, so you get the most important results first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take notes on the slow pieces, give them rough time estimates to fix, and watch for low-hanging fruit.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's often cheaper in the long run to pay for more hardware and parallelize than more tester time to optimize and re-stabilize GUI tests.  At the extreme end, you could run one test per machine for hundreds of machines and finish the entire run in the time it takes to run a single test (including test run setup - e.g., do you reinstall the OS before doing a test run?).  There is an initial cost to tester time to organize multiple machines (some sort of queueing service is needed, plus alerts for non-responsive machines, etc.), but it pays off going forward - &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; your product and test suite is big enough!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OTOH, if you've been working for 5 years and the number of GUI tests grows steadily and you are at 4 to 10 hours now, you might be able to have the number of tests double over the next 5 years and still run everything on just one machine with only a few simple optimizing strategies, like running in priority order and cutting the run short if it takes too long.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T19:23:41.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2011-05-31T19:46:11.023" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;As said, everyone.  This is why postmortems are important and valuable, as well as high-communication environments where people feel comfortable taking responsibility for problems without being afraid of blame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get everyone who might have had a chance to eliminate this issue - management, PMs, developers, testers, business owners, and so forth into a room.  Brainstorm, come up with an action plan.  Put someone (probably the PM or management) in charge of implementing that plan, and schedule a meeting to review progress after some period of time.  The result is that people get &lt;em&gt;credit&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;taking responsibility&lt;/em&gt;, rather than &lt;em&gt;blame&lt;/em&gt; for &lt;em&gt;being responsible&lt;/em&gt; for problems.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you get blamed for being responsible, your goal will be to not be responsible for anything.  A vacuum of responsibility doesn't produce quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T19:46:11.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-05-31T21:15:21.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are assuring the quality of the product, the quality of your test script is as important.  Hence, the automation should be very efficient.  (This is more of a good attitude than a requirement.)  In the real world, the automation should be as efficient as practically possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt; **Modularize the tests** - If the tests can run in entirety and independently, it allows you to execute what you need.  A lots of parts of the application are never/not so frequently affected.  With a good judgement, the need to run all the TCs all the time can be eliminated.  We used to have a joke in our team, if a bridge I-5 near Fresno is reconstructed, no need to test the entire freeway from San Diego to Seattle. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt; **Smoke/Sanity Test** - Having an efficient smoke test which can run regularly instead of the full fledged test.  A sanity test can be run regularly and more frequently than the full fledged test suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt; **Confidence level** (gray area) - It is extremely important for a QA team to determine confidence level in different modules of the application, so that the team can know which modules need to be tested more frequently than the others. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;**Housekeeping** - As already mentioned, it is very important to 'maintain' the test suite and deprecate or remove the TCs that are no longer important.  As the product gets matured, quite a few TCs can be eliminated, which will save a lot of time.  e.g. If a module in the product calculates the formulas, once the product is matured and those formulas are not being changed, fewer TCs should suffice to sanity test that module rather than going through numerous combinations. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2012-02-16T00:18:58.553" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T00:18:58.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="907" CreationDate="2011-05-31T23:20:52.670" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How I think about state models for testing.&lt;/strong&gt; A state is the system's readiness to respond in a planned way to each of a set of defined events. You know that a system is in a new state (compared to a moment ago) if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The set of events to which it now responds differs from the set a moment ago.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The system now responds to given events differently than it responded to those same events a moment ago.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What counts as a state.&lt;/strong&gt; What &quot;counts as a separate state&quot; depends not only on the system and its behavior (actual or planned), but also on your purpose for modeling. Your purpose helps you to decide which details to include and which to exclude. If you're trying to test the possible paths through a wizard, then likely you'll want to model each of the pages as a state. On the other hand, if you're trying to test how the wizard validates the user's input, you'll likely not care so much about each of the pages as a separate state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: What is your purpose for modeling the states? What are you trying to test? Include states relevant to that purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that deciding what to put into the model and what to leave out is always a challenge. If you find your diagram becoming too messy, with states and events at multiple levels of detail (e.g. workflow transitions vs details of error detection and correction), or if you have transition lines crossing all over the place, consider putting the different levels on different diagrams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples to explore.&lt;/strong&gt; These are relatively simple, so they're easy to practice with. And they're also richer than the average light switch, so they're more instructive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Model the cruise control of an automobile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fire up PowerPoint, put it into &quot;presentation&quot; mode, and press the B key. Then again. Then the W key. What other keys do interesting things? What are the states involved in displaying the slides?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Draw a state model of the life cycle (or possible life cycles) of a defect in your defect tracking system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Model the possible flows of a loan application through a bank's approval process, or an insurance claim through an insurance company's claims process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Generating test ideas from state models.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For each state&lt;/em&gt;, ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What can I do that might cause the system to change state? What &lt;em&gt;else&lt;/em&gt; can I do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if I cause an event that the model doesn't show for this state?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What events have I not yet tried in this state?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What variables might be involved in this state? What if I vary those?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What system resources does the system access while in this state (e.g. database transaction, memory, items from the domain model, files, ...). What if those resources were unavailable, or changed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I put the system directly into this state, rather than transitioning the way the model says? (One example: On a web app, save a bookmark partway through some workflow. Complete or abandon the workflow. Click the bookmark. How does the system handle that?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What other states might there be, that are not shown in the model?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For events&lt;/em&gt;, ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From what states have I not yet tried this event?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if I were to do this repeatedly, or rapidly, or slowly, or randomly, or ...?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if I were to do these events in a different order?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if I do this event in a state for which the model shows no response?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How could I do this event differently (e.g. different data, different timing, different input mechanism [pasting vs typing, menu selection vs button press vs keyboard shortcut, ...])?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What other events might there be, that are not shown in the model?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For transitions&lt;/em&gt;, ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if I do stuff while the system is making the transition?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I cause the system to make a transition that the model doesn't show?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What transitions haven't I tried yet?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use multiple representations.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Draw a bubbles-and-lines state diagram.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show the same state model as a table. Down the side, list the possible states. Across the top, list the possible states. Each cell represents a transition from the starting state (listed on the side) to an ending state (listed across the top). In each cell, show the event that will cause that transition.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show the same state model as a different table. Down the side, list the possible states. Across the top, list the possible events. Each cell represents the system's response to that event while in that state. In each cell, show the new state that the system enters when that event happens in that starting state.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare representations, noting which details each makes easier to see, and which harder. For example, in a bubbles-and-lines diagram, it's easy to see flows, and harder to see all the ways the system might respond to a given event. What other differences do you see?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given models versus creating your own.&lt;/strong&gt; The act of constructing a model of actual behavior is a great way to explore a system or feature. Also, models given to you by others are usually models of desired behavior. They may not match actual behavior. Treat every &quot;desired behavior&quot; model as something to be verified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T23:20:52.670" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="907" CreationDate="2011-05-31T23:50:31.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;State transition diagrams can be a pretty handy communication aid when &#xA;you're trying to understand how the system is meant to work - it helps you to spot transitions you might miss, if you didn't have the different states drawn out on a whiteboard in front of you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's one real-life example. Let's pick an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ebuyer.com/help/ordering&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;online retailer&lt;/a&gt;. We'll look at orders - they're a good example of something that may have several different states, and you might want to test how something moves between those states, and what actions you're allowed to perform on the order when it's in different states.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security check - some orders will go&#xA;through a routine security check&#xA;before the order is placed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Order placed - order is on the system and&#xA;waiting for stock to become available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Goods allocated - some or all stock&#xA;has been allocated to the order &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stock warning - some items are out of stock&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Payment taken - at this stage, you&#xA;should be able to see a shipping date&#xA;for each item &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Payment error - there&#xA;was a problem taking the payment &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pick in Progress - the order's in the&#xA;warehouse system and the goods are&#xA;actually being picked off the&#xA;shelves. Too late to change the order&#xA;details/shipping address now!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shipping - it's left the warehouse&#xA;and is on its way to you &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invoiced &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scheduled for Cancel - cancel request&#xA;received and acknowledged &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cancelled - request now actioned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are eleven different states there, and an individual order is not going to go through all of them. You can probably see some sequences that make sense - e.g. Order Placed, Goods Allocated, Payment Taken, Pick In Progress, Shipped. But if you just try to put together lists of sequences, you may well miss transitions you should test that you would have been able to spot easily in a diagram. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing that drawing up a diagram will reveal is &lt;em&gt;gaps&lt;/em&gt; in the knowledge you have - for instance, you might start wondering - can I make a cancel request at &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; stage? Or are there only certain states that I can reach &quot;Scheduled for Cancel&quot; from - maybe I can only cancel the order while there are no goods allocated, or perhaps I can cancel at any stage up to Pick In Progress. If my order is in the Payment Error state - where can I go from there? If I make a successful payment, what state does the order go to? If I don't, where does it go? Is there a time limit? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try drawing out a state transition diagram from the example given, and see how much you can fill in from what you know now. The bits you don't know enough to fill in, or where the information you've got is ambiguous - those are the questions you'd raise with your business analyst, or product owner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-05-31T23:50:31.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="904" CreationDate="2011-06-01T06:56:32.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;best practice&quot; project exit criteria - would be the one which enables business to take a subjective call on whether to ship or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I have experienced to be useful items on an exit criteria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--No bugs in &quot;open&quot; state - i.e. not triaged,not reviewed,not differed(if a candidate) or not verified(after a fix)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Candidates for test execution identified .&#xA;Reason I say candidates it is usually not possible to execute all your tests on each candidate build.Hence the team needs to get together,analyze the risk of the change/fixes(since the last run) and agree upon a list of test activties they would be performed.Once agreed publish this with the project owner (and other relevant stakeholders) to that they know and align their expectations around what is planned to be tested and what not and why ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Execute the above tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- Test results published,analyzed and triaged &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- Any resulting(from 4) fixing/retesting activties completed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- Relevant documentation published - release notes,known issues,EULA,legal etc etc &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- Any other explicit and implcit expectations(atrefacts) that business has from the software release in question...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T06:56:32.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="917" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-01T07:06:48.063" Score="2" ViewCount="4048" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our end clients are requesting the MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) estimation for our software.&#xA;I know that MTBF relies on a model not suitable for software, it uses a mechanical model where parts have an inherent physical life span, and are being replaced when broken.&#xA;Using MTTF (Mean Time To Failure) is somewhat better, but still has its drawbacks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anybody reported a reliability estimation for software or have pointers to how it should be done ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-06-14T04:02:48.407" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T17:53:17.403" Title="MTBF for a software product" Tags="&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-01T07:21:17.480" Score="2" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our long term stability test cycle takes about two weeks to complete, during this time another release (sometimes two) is being released.&#xA;What should I do ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test cycle can't be shortened, and we can't run two releases concurrently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T18:16:39.197" Title="what should I do if my stability tests cycle is longer than the release cycle ?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="918" CreationDate="2011-06-01T08:30:02.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your options here would be controlled by dependencies &amp;amp; overlaps between the two test cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Analyze them first both short &amp;amp; long term -- resources,test infrastructure,test results,business impact&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then,as you mentioned that &lt;strong&gt;you can not run two releases concurrently&lt;/strong&gt;, try and spot overlaps,see what work could be done which would help both the test cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any ? If yes - great,you can support that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if not(and for not overlapping areas of work) try decoupling resources,activities or even look at outsourcing to another team &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and as a last resort,prioritize and come up with a suggestion list for the business/project leadership to take a call,on which items needs to be dropped ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;being fearless and breaking the news of inability to sustain is a better approach rather than reeling under the pressure of both deliverables and failing in both...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T08:30:02.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="918" CreationDate="2011-06-01T10:19:26.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok so if I understand correctly here is your scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A. you have a long period of testing say 2 weeks and that cannot be shortened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B. you have to release multiple times within that 2 week period say, once a week.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C. you cannot run two releases concurrently.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Time for some tough love, something has to give you either need to :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify a smaller subset of tests to reduce what you are testing, but this violates A.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reduce the number of releases so you release only once every 2 weeks but this violates B.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run two releases concurrently, which violates C.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use automation to reduce the execution time, which again violates A. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, simply put, one of the three rules will need to be broken, otherwise you simply have to accept the fact that your testing will never be completed on any given release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T10:19:26.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="917" CreationDate="2011-06-01T10:26:31.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia has the best answer for this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reliability engineers / design engineers, often utilize Reliability Software to calculate products' MTBF according to various methods/standards (MIL-HDBK-217F, Telcordia SR332, Siemens Norm, FIDES,UTE 80-810 (RDF2000), etc.). However, these &quot;prediction&quot; methods are not intended to reflect fielded MTBF as is commonly believed. The intent of these tools is to focus design efforts on the weak links in the design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in software MTBF, is normally used as a service reliability metric, not an engineering goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can calculate MTBF with a physical product, such as a car part, or a hard drive, you can physically test until failure, and do it enough times to statistically derive the MTBF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_time_between_failures&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt; has that formula as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MTBF = sum of (start of downtime - start of uptime) from several tests, divided by the number of failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-06-01T10:33:30.340" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T10:33:30.340" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="918" CreationDate="2011-06-01T12:04:02.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would depend on what your goal for stability is, do you need the 2 weeks to be able to generate errors that have been reported or has it &quot;always been done&quot; this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had to maintain a stability environment in a previous job, the rationale for this was because we needed to run load and try to find defects that often only showed up after X# of days.  Even though we still had releases going out the stability environment had to run for its time, although we would only update after we reached the expected time then did the update.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have to run your test for this amount of time, there probably is not much you can do, if you can shorten it as suggested then discuss with the people who set up the test what you can do to make it realistic and fit within a time you are more comfortable with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T12:04:02.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="886" CreationDate="2011-06-01T13:58:46.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on how critical the software is to your business.  If bugs in the software &quot;put a kink in the money hose&quot;, as my boss would put it, you need to test it just as thoroughly as something you would ship.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T13:58:46.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="917" CreationDate="2011-06-01T14:20:55.417" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are running a service or a platform (e.g. operating system), then MTTF and MTBF are very important factors in software and have been used for quite some time to assess reliability usually via some form of stress testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the primary purposes of stress testing is to find the MTTF (mean time time failure) which generally occurs due to memory leaks, resource capacity, bandwidth, etc. Simply stated, stress testing can help us determine the average amount of time our software is used before it crashes or hangs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MTBF is esp. important for services and servers, so companies know when a server goes off line how many seconds, minutes it will take to 'reboot' the software (assuming no hardware failure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to predict MTTF and MTBF helps services load balance and also perform scheduled maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, many people often confuse MTBF and MTTF. So, if you don't understand what your clients want you shoud ask them to clarify how they will use that information. I suspect they are likely looking for reliabilty data, of which MTBF, MTTF are just 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T14:20:55.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="925" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="928" CreationDate="2011-06-01T16:54:56.207" Score="5" ViewCount="807" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an app that does some subversion interactions, such as comitting, adding, stat, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's a good way to get me started in terms of mocking the subversion client and working directory that I use etc. This would be in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for example, when I check whether a repository is a valid repository, I try to make an http connection to the network resource. Do I check what Exception is thrown in my app if I try to connect to a non-existent resource and just make my mock client raise that exception etc? Am I on the right path?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T18:19:10.333" Title="How to 'Mock' SVN" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="918" CreationDate="2011-06-01T18:16:39.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question as stated is not a solvable problem. Assuming this is the desperate cry for help of the tester trapped at the end of a waterfall process the flip answer is &quot;get more agile.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course the usual problem in this situation is that the QA team has very little leverage beyond &quot;Test Sign Off&quot;. Worse, if bugs are released the QA team is called on the carpet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some leverage points to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take your problem statement and turn it around. Ask &quot;What are we really trying to accomplish?&quot;. This question has a lot of power to get to the heart of problems that seem intractable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.startuplessonslearned.com/2008/11/five-whys.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ask why five times&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ship with less testing as an experiment. Have a way to &quot;pull the plug&quot; if things go wrong.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tell the Dev team that the QA team no longer does &quot;test sign off&quot;. The Devs decide when a feature is stable enough to ship. The QA team is on the hook to provide the measurements and data to help them decide.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pick one way to improve the overall process and get one developer to try it out for a release cycle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make one thing a little better every day. Sometimes chipping away at a hard problem will cause it to unexpectedly crumble.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep a positive attitude. Focus on what the team is doing well as often as you can.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repetition. Pick a catch phrase for one improvement you want to see (&quot;testable by design&quot; was a good one for me) and repeat it until it catches on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you aren't part of the problem. Don't say &quot;We can't ...&quot;, &quot;We'll never ...&quot;, &quot;Bob is an idiot.&quot;, etc. Instead consider saying &quot;We don't yet ...&quot;, &quot;We haven't started ...&quot;, &quot;Bob isn't wrong about ...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start saying &quot;and&quot; when you mean &quot;but&quot;. Say &quot;we&quot; when you mean &quot;they&quot;. &quot;We can't complete a testing cycle in less that two weeks AND we need to ship once a week.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solving seemingly intractable problems is all about finding some leverage. Finding leverage is a classical exercise in thinking outside the box. You have to tap into your passion, patience and be persistent. Look for the small wins and celebrate them to get some momentum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="479" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T18:16:39.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="925" CreationDate="2011-06-01T18:19:10.333" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you're on the right path (though I have a caveat or two).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generally than &quot;raise the right exception&quot;: The tactic is to make sure that no matter how SVN responds to your app's commands, your app responds as you wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, the biggest challenges when mocking third-party code is to characterize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All the ways my code uses the third-party code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All the ways the third-party code might respond to my uses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How you want your app to respond in each of those situations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But once you've characterized those things, mocking is generally straightforward:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a test to cause your app to interact with SVN in one of its possible ways&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write your mock to respond in one of its possible ways&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that your app responds as planned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One caveat.&lt;/strong&gt; I'm not sure what you mean by &quot;check what Exception is thrown in my app if I try to connect to a non-existent resource and just make my mock client raise that exception.&quot; It sounds as if (in that situation, at least) your app simply passes the SVN exception on to its users. If that's just one example of how your app responds, okay. But if you meant that as a general thing (i.e. &quot;my app always passes SVN exceptions on to its users&quot;), I don't know whether that's the right thing to do or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key is to make the mock raise whatever exception the real SVN would raise in that situation, and verify that your app does the right thing in response. Your app's job might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pass the SVN exception on to your app's users (as in your example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Throw a new, more descriptive exception, given your code's knowledge of what it was doing at the time (I prefer this when I can identify or invent a more meaningful exception)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retry the connection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Switch to some other means of connecting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Something else...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-06-01T18:19:10.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="929" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-02T03:49:41.810" Score="5" ViewCount="356" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing a strange issue with Selenium RC. I have a test which runs perfectly fine when I run my selenium server manually on the default port. The test passes in seconds. However since my tests are to run on a remote machine under hudson, I run my selenium server in background as a windows service via a utility called as nssm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the same test via my server running in background, it fails with timeout. The test should not take much time to run. Here is the test I wrote&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;_selenium.Click(&quot;http://www.myurl.com/mypage.aspx&quot;);&#xA;_selenium.Type(&quot;Locator&quot;, &quot;Value&quot;);&#xA;_selenium.Click(&quot;SaveLink&quot;);&#xA;_selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(&quot;30000&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="129" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-07-15T12:02:30.427" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T12:02:30.427" Title="Selenium RC + Hudson - test runs locally but times out when run with Hudson" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="929" CreationDate="2011-06-02T03:54:59.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try increasing pageLoad, that is -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; _selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(&quot;60000&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b/w I suggest you to not hard code wait period and read it from a method, so you could modify it in one place and have it reflected in all instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T03:54:59.833" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-02T07:49:51.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company has a tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.apphance.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;apphance&lt;/a&gt; - works on both iOS and Android for real-time test communication (logs, problems, crashes etc...). We're running a beta-test right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="391" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T07:49:51.990" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-06-02T07:49:51.990" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="929" CreationDate="2011-06-02T08:15:48.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The issue is actually resolved. When running my test via server by opening the normal browser window, one of my required select drop-down was populated automatically. Where-as when I was trying to run my test via server running in background, the drop-down was not taking default value. I manually set the drop-down value and my tests were passing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="129" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T08:15:48.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-06-02T14:05:40.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're thinking about agile and selenium, forget about Quality Center. This is not going to fit your needs, to do that you would have to acquire other add-ons that costs more than QTP and QC together.&#xA;If you need flexibility and agility go for Jira or Mingle, QC is a really closed system and makes use of ActiveX controls, nobody uses that anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T14:05:40.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="934" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-02T14:13:32.953" Score="2" ViewCount="14069" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some videos and i want to test their with automation Can you tell How does selenium work with video? How does he recognize it. I need to test if are videos on the page.&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="695" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2011-06-24T13:26:15.617" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T17:35:37.607" Title="Does selenium work with video?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;flash-selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="907" CreationDate="2011-06-02T14:50:08.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;State transition testing is perhaps the most commonly used approach in software testing. Everytime a tester performs an action, takes note of the state, then considers the next possible set of actions they are essentially testing transitions between states.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes a state transtion diagram is helpful in simplifying complex systems with multiple states and transitions between those states, and can help testers find holes, or help focus testers to important paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;State transition testing is also the backbone of model based testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a simple example of state transition testing and a simple diagram see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2011/02/21/state-transition-testing-thinking-in-models/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2011/02/21/state-transition-testing-thinking-in-models/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T14:50:08.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="934" CreationDate="2011-06-02T15:20:33.957" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to validate that the video is there then it is a simple element check. BUT if you need to validate if the video is LOADED than that's a completly other thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the video a flash object? Then use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/flash_selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/flash_selenium.html&lt;/a&gt; flash selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a flex object use &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/flex-ui-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/flex-ui-selenium/&lt;/a&gt; flex selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that I could help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cheers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T15:20:33.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-02T15:29:41.243" Score="24" ViewCount="4088" Body="&lt;p&gt;While doing exploratory testing it would be nice to be able to record the screen (in a non-intrusive way), so if a defect is found the steps to reproduce it can be easily reviewed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any good screen capture tools (video) out there that will not slow down the testing machine?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried a few different applications (I don't remember what they were, as it was a while ago), though they all seem to slow the PC down to the point where they are unusable for this situation.  Would I be better off recording the feed to the monitor using external hardware, or is there software out there that can do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I run tests on many different Windows OS's, so the tool has to work equally well on XP as it does on Win7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the issues I have noticed with most screen capture software, is that they just seem to be taking screen shots every second or so. This method causes the mouse to flicker, and slows the PC down too much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="685" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-11-19T21:32:44.500" LastActivityDate="2018-11-22T05:29:30.450" Title="Capture screen during exploratory testing" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="938" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-02T12:33:48.680" Score="5" ViewCount="885" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have been trying to do a Quick Load test on one of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_Concept&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;POC application&lt;/a&gt; developed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://vaadin.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vaddin&lt;/a&gt; using JMeter tool, the server is hosted on local network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The settings for automating Vaddin application is picked from this &lt;a href=&quot;http://vaadin.com/wiki/-/wiki/Main/JMeter%20Testing?p_r_p_185834411_title=JMeter%20Testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;. (These are specific steps for performance testing of application developed in Vaddin using JMeter)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After doing the above settings exactly as mentioned in the link above, we are able to record any other web application, but we are facing issues with Vaddin application: Nothing gets recorded. Any pointers to this would be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional Information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The log file has the following information after starting and stopping the 'Non-Test Elements' -&gt; 'HTTP Proxy Server', that means nothing is wrong with the setting,    but nothing gets recorded for Vaddin application either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2011/06/02 17:01:21 INFO - jmeter.protocol.http.proxy.Daemon: Proxy up&#xA;  and running!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2011/06/02 17:01:44 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.proxy.Daemon: Proxy Server stopped&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manually creating scripts worked for &#xA;us using the tool firebug to get the &#xA;HTTP request.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help in this regard will be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Chandrakant" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T05:15:00.653" LastActivityDate="2013-01-23T19:29:53.703" Title="Nothings gets recorded when using JMeter for load testing of Vaddin-based app" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2011-06-02T16:19:57.183" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal preference is SnagIt.  I've never found it too intensive or jumpy.  It's worked equally well for me with XP and higher.  Although, on a Windows 7 machine, I tend to use PSR.exe a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T16:19:57.183" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="938" CreationDate="2011-06-02T17:05:56.037" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does your company have a firewall proxy? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've run into this same issue with non-Vaddin apps, and resolved the issue by launching Jmeter with proxy info.  From the command line, it looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.bat -H proxyDomain -P proxyPort -u proxyUsername -a proxyPassword&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="696" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-23T19:29:53.703" LastActivityDate="2013-01-23T19:29:53.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="944" CreationDate="2011-06-02T17:18:35.910" Score="2" ViewCount="505" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please share any good performance testing resources which you have come across in past or referred to while working or learning about performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:52:14.077" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:52:14.077" Title="Performance testing resources" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-22T11:08:45.737" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-06-02T22:05:13.443" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="781" CreationDate="2011-06-02T17:30:36.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You say they're close to unit tests, and running on the device, but with most of the surrounding functionality disabled. So I'd call them &lt;strong&gt;unit tests&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've isolated as much as you can of the embedded device, and if you're testing each class and method in isolation with as much mocking and stubbing as possible, then they're unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact you're using the embedded device doesn't really matter. Compare with writing code for a PC and running unit tests on a PC. So what? They're still unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers are responsible for writing and maintaining unit tests. They should be runnable by anyone, ideally you should get it done as part of continuous integration if possible, but this may be a challenge as it's not always easy to hook up a device to the CI. Otherwise you should make it the responsibility of developers to run them to make sure their new/changed functionality doesn't break anything. QA/testers should be responsible for confirming the unit tests all pass before accepting the new code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're in a similar situation (with Symbian). We use a unit test framework that runs on the device and we mock and stub as much as possible. At first, we ran our unit tests on the actual device, running after a normal bootup. Our CI made the installation file for us. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, we started running them on the emulator, after a full boot up. This meant we could include the run and results as part of our CI loop for every commit (it also calculates code coverage). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next we ran them with the emulator booting directly into textshell mode, so most of the environment isn't up and running. It's also a LOT quicker that way. In fact, when we first ran in textshell, some unit tests failed because we discovered some dependencies that hadn't been stubbed; in textshell they weren't available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="697" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T17:30:36.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="941" CreationDate="2011-06-02T17:32:03.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I loved the book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0596520662&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Art of Application Performance Testing&lt;/a&gt;.  It gave me a good primer the first time that I was told that I would have to set up performance tests.  I also occaisionally tak ea look through the blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.loadtestingtool.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OnLoadTesting&lt;/a&gt; occaisionally for some general theory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T17:32:03.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="941" CreationDate="2011-06-02T18:55:45.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in web sites, and mostly from a front-end point of view, the best books I have found are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://stevesouders.com/hpws/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;High Performance Web Sites&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://stevesouders.com/efws/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Even Faster Web Sites&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both by Steve Souders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T16:39:02.680" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T16:39:02.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="945" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="948" CreationDate="2011-06-02T19:54:56.220" Score="10" ViewCount="1488" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tester team where I work has a demanding customer base (we do business-to-business software, some of it ultimately public-facing, some business-facing), an application that's gone beyond anyone's ability to test all the configurations, much less how all those config flags affect all the features, major releases that usually include at least 3 major features and a raft of minor features as well as dozens of bug fixes. No-one in the company has any idea how to tell if a release is too full - which means that no-one can tell if it's possible for the test team to meet the deadlines (usually imposed by our customers' needs). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a good starter set of numbers (as everyone knows, metrics that resolve to nice, need numbers are the way to communicate important things up the command chain!) that we can use to get some kind of handle on how many features in a release is too many so we can start pushing back before we get to two weeks before release day with a bunch of features still in active development and enough bugs to sink the Titanic waiting for a coder to start on them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I'm going to need hard data for this, since most of our scheduling is customer driven, and rarely has any give in it - but I don't want to trap myself by providing the wrong kind of data to the management team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If anyone has some good suggestions for similar kinds of measurements for coders, I suspect our development team would like that - they're under the same kind of stress we are, and just as overworked).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay, that's a question gone epic...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T10:32:32.697" Title="What are good metrics for a test team to use to start measuring their workload and ability to meet external deadlines?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;scheduling&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="945" CreationDate="2011-06-02T20:21:55.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The number of features in a release is the most flexible piece, honestly.  Quality can NEVER suffer, that's a given.  With heavy customer demand, most likely release dates can't shift.  So, you are limited (time-boxed) based upon how many man hours are available until the release goes out.  So, quality is boxed, time is boxed, the only thing left is to limit features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best measurement to determine, then, if a release is too full is to relate features, bugs, and other development activities to time.  Researching past stuff works to some extent but each feature, each bug, each situation is slightly different so, while checking the past to see what trends are helps, the best way to make that relationship is to look towards the future, towards what hours are available.  So, here's a few things to do to start making those relationships.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For new features and/or products, hopefully you're already putting up estimates for &quot;Hours Remaining&quot; for all necessary tasks for deploying the new feature.  You cannot forget some of the &quot;soft&quot; things like release note reviews, automated test runs and result reviews, etc., that may not be part of the direct development process but are impacted by the new feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One thing that I don't think gets done enough is to do the same for any new bugs fixes that are added to a release.  Those are where, in my experience, the problem happens most.  A bug rarely gets a &quot;hours remaining&quot; estimate for anything other than the development time.  There needs to be similar tasking for testing, documentation, regression, etc., for every bug fix because those bugs take up man hours, too.  If you have no measurement of man-hours for every bug, you'll very quickly run out of time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Undocumented and unexpected &quot;features&quot; need to be estimated.  Again, in my experience, developers, when they are in a section of code, when they see something that could get improved, they usually go in and do the tweaks and improvements to them.  While this is good, if you don't have sufficient unit test coverage or regression coverage for all those areas of code (and by the sound of the size of your app, I'm betting such is the case), those little refactor jobs need to be tossed into the hours remaining.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;General maintenance tasks need to be documented in the hours remaining as well.  There's branching the source base, creating back ups of files, updating or upgrading tools, all the &quot;paper work&quot; that goes along with any development or testing task, those ancillary documentation tasks that aren't really attached to any task such as SCRUM meetings, etc.  All this sucks up time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure this list isn't complete, but the general idea is that everything that goes into creating a release of software needs to be accompanied by an estimate of &quot;hours remaining&quot; and then the associated burn-down charts that go along with it.  That chart then should be compared to the actual number of hours available until release and, if the hours remaining exceeds hours to release, then you've hit your &quot;too full&quot; level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may happen that you'll get &quot;too full&quot;, not because of adding more features, but because &quot;hours remaining&quot; estimates get revised upwards at which point then someone needs to re-prioritize and determine what gets pushed off to the next round of development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since release dates can't shift, and the number hours in a day per person until the day of release will never change (until someone invents time travel), comparing those two values will be your best determining factor as to whether or not the release is &quot;too full&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-06-02T20:27:00.883" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T20:27:00.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2011-06-02T20:57:06.757" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use two tools for these kinds of problems. One which I found because it is recommended by Michael Bolton (just to credit the source) is BB TestAssistant - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbsoftware.co.uk/BBTestAssistant.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.bbsoftware.co.uk/BBTestAssistant.aspx&lt;/a&gt; which has a free express license available.&#xA;The other is a tool called Jing which is free &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techsmith.com/jing/&quot;&gt;http://www.techsmith.com/jing/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BB TestAssistant I use for recording longer exploratory test sessions and I have experienced no problems with it. Jing, I tend to use for quickly taking screenshots (it does screenshots too) and short bits of video like a particular feature or bug (the slightly annoying 'sun' you get on the screen can be removed in the settings and you can set the tool to launch from a hotkey combination).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't experienced the problems that you describe with either tool and both take real video formats. I can honestly recommend these based on my experiences. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T20:57:06.757" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="945" CreationDate="2011-06-02T21:00:41.770" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of techniques that need to be combined for this sort of thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tradeoff approach&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tradeoff approach (aka tradeoff triangle) needs to be agreed and documented up front, with the key stakeholders. This is great way to discuss and decide something that they normally won't budge on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The trade-off triangle conceptualizes the idea that resources, schedule, and features are three interconnected elements of any project, and that constraining or enhancing one or more of these elements requires trade-offs. An element not defined in the triangle is quality; however, it is assumed to be a constant that is clearly articulated in a quality bar by the project team at project inception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if the organization wants to incorporate a new set of features into the solution, the team will have to make a trade-off somewhere, whether in the schedule, the resources, or other features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Given fixed ____________, we will choose a ___________ and adjust ___________ as necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Given fixed &lt;em&gt;schedule&lt;/em&gt;, we will choose &lt;em&gt;how many resources&lt;/em&gt; and adjust the number of &lt;em&gt;delivered features&lt;/em&gt; as necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can't test everything&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Computer software is inherently complex, and even the simple act of entering a six character user name into a text box. Limiting ourselves to ASCII input still requires 127 x 127 x 127 x 127 x 127 x 127 = 4,195,872,914,689 test cases. If each test case takes us only 1 second to manually run, it will take 7.9 million years to test the user name field before we then moved onto the password textbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if “complete” testing is out of the question, where should you start and how much testing you should  do test before you can be confident that you can ship?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Determining what to test within a fixed schedule&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Transfer your test cases them into a spreadsheet, adding columns for estimated execution time, and numerical ratings say from 1-5, (where higher is better) for the: priority (relative importance) of the test, the visibility of the area to users, the quality of the existing code etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The columns are then added together (in a column called “importance rating” to provide an overall score for the test. If you are testing a new release of an existing product you will probably want to add additional columns that identify the relative quality of the existing teat area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With your spreadsheet in hand, you should circulate it and solicit input around the priority of the tests. You may even find it easier to submit the spreadsheet with a column for each area, say Testing, Development, Product Management and asking each area to fill in their own set of numbers. This will allow you to apply a weighting to each of the areas, say increasing the PM vote to 150% and decreasing the development vote to say 75%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what it can look like, assuming you only had 10 minutes of testing. &#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7GbNi.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the ratings complete you can then add a column to the spreadsheet to sum the execution times. Then, sort the spreadsheet by the importance rating column, work out how long your schedule gives you to test and then draw a line across the sheet when the estimated execution time equals the time that you have available, and that is your level of test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tracking progress&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once all that expectaiton has been managed, and you are in-progress I then use the following metrics to track where we are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Active bug trend - If I had to chose only one metric, this would be it. I use this to manange expectations around the ship date and which bugs will be fixed in the current releease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Feature burn down - If testing is happening, and the software looks good but new features aren't being added then testing is giving a false positve. This chart will tell me that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test exectuion progress - I use this to know how well we are getting work done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Requirement completion - One key rule I use is that testers say when a feature is done, not the developers. This metric tells me how the product is progressing towards tested, shippable, actual completion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assigned work per person - I use this to know how well I am sharing work allocation between team members&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bug find rates - I use this to know how effective we are, I am looking for a flatish line here, well above zero every day. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all thise metrics, I am communicating daily how we are progressing against the communicated plan and adjusting priorities as required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-06-03T02:31:40.780" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T02:31:40.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2011-06-02T22:11:45.677" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Back in high school we made movies playing games via a program called Fraps. I don't know if it exists anymore, but it might be worth looking in to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't ask how did we ever manage to convince our guidance consular that there was actual educational value in doing that! :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-06-02T22:11:45.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-06-03T04:18:11.867" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I repeatedly apply three principles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hide incidental details.&lt;/strong&gt; Any detail that isn't directly related to the purpose of your test belongs somewhere other than in your test. Hide it somewhere, such as in a variable or in a method, and give it a good name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Name every important idea.&lt;/strong&gt; Why does the test code log in in as &quot;F.D.Gumby&quot; rather than as some other user? Because that's the manager who hired the employee you're adding to payroll? Then put &quot;F.D.Gumby&quot; in a variable and call it hiring manager (or whatever), to express its intention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eliminate duplication.&lt;/strong&gt; Each bit of duplicated data is a variable waiting to be born and given an expressive name. Each sequence of duplicated test steps is a method waiting to be born and given an expressive name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applying these principles makes automated regression tests far easier to fix when either the requirements or the implementation changes. For further details and examples, see my article &lt;a href=&quot;http://dhemery.com/pdf/writing_maintainable_automated_acceptance_tests.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Writing Maintainable Automated Acceptance Tests&quot; (PDF)&lt;/a&gt;. See also &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.objectmentor.com/articles/2009/12/07/writing-maintainable-automated-acceptance-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bob Martin's excellent video of these same ideas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T08:15:17.090" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:15:17.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="39359" CreationDate="2011-06-03T10:11:20.567" Score="4" ViewCount="2511" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're currently using the very lovely &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt; for our automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, we've run into a hitch with the '=' character - we have a number of places in the app where we have a link to click, and no other options for identifying that element.  Unfortunately, the links generally have a query string that includes the '=' character, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   ClickLink   href=https://foo.bar.com/admin_login.php?action=logoff&amp;amp;clients_id=mytestaccount.foo.bar.com&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because Watir-Robot is able to match on multiple html tags, when&#xA;Robot parses the above string to Watir-Robot it is using the &quot;=&quot; as a&#xA;seperator. Watir-Robot sees the above as...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   href=https://foo.bar.com/admin_login.php?action&#xA;   id=logoff&amp;amp;clients_id (if no tag is stated it will default to id)&#xA;   id=mytestaccount.foo.bar.com&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hence not matching on any of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As workarounds, we've tried the following with no success:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot's built-in escape character, &quot;\&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wrapping the string in &quot;&quot; or ''&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Replacing the &quot;=&quot; with the relevant html escape character&#xA;&quot;&amp;#61;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating the variable ${EQUALS} containing &quot;=&quot; (without&#xA;quotes), this had the same results as leaving them in in the first&#xA;place (as variables are rectified BEFORE they are parsed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best way of resolving this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="5352" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T11:41:12.063" LastActivityDate="2019-05-28T06:53:23.127" Title="Problems with escaping the equals sign in a Watir Robot argument" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;watir&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2011-06-03T10:22:22.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As well as SnagIt (good shout Lyndon) I am starting to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://testing.gershon.info/reporter/&quot;&gt;Rapid Reporter&lt;/a&gt; which is proving to be a v. useful exploratory testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't do video, but I use SnagIt for the video (once a defect has been found) to support the other documentation provided / generated by Rapid Reporter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T10:22:22.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="126" CreationDate="2011-06-03T10:27:29.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.klaros-testmanagement.com/home&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Klaros Test management&lt;/a&gt; seems to fit my requirements nicely. It comes with a Free community edition which supports (partial list) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Management of Test Related Artifacts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Grouping Test Cases to Test Suites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version Control of Test Cases and Test Suites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Statistics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guided manual test execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interoperability with Continuous Integration Systems (Hudson)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interoperability with Issue Tracking Systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how a run report template looks ( &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2S9LD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;full size&lt;/a&gt; ) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ipr4m.png&quot; alt=&quot;Run report template&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's of course an Entreprise Edition as well with bells and whistles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T10:27:29.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="887" CreationDate="2011-06-03T10:28:07.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hackthissite.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.hackthissite.org/&lt;/a&gt; is a useful resource&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T10:28:07.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2011-06-03T11:11:36.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're currently implementing &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/fighting-layout-bugs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fighting Layout Bugs&lt;/a&gt; which is a Java based tool for identifying common look n feel issues such as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;invalid image URLs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;horizontal edge overlapping text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;vertical edge overlapping text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;text with too low contrast&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We liked the UI of &lt;a href=&quot;https://browserlab.adobe.com/en-us/index.html#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adobes Browser Lab&lt;/a&gt; but like yourself, it wasn't suitable for us as we wanted to test internal sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have also implemented a bitmap comparison tool (again in Java) which uses stored screenshots as oracles &amp;amp; compares new screenshots to the oracles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T11:11:36.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="959" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="981" CreationDate="2011-06-03T13:27:16.457" Score="5" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure if I'm even asking this question correctly, however, here goes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking at validating images in an automation suite that I just started.  I am currently validating the location via XPath and if the image is thereby ensuring that the URI matches a predefined string while checking to ensure that the image is returning either 200 or 304.&#xA;Is there any way to actually match the image, however (I was kind of thinking file size, but there may be a better way).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I think that anyone who works on applications where code and content are handled by separate teams will understand the reason for this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T08:54:47.113" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T08:54:47.113" Title="Matching images in Selenium2" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4" CreationDate="2011-06-03T13:36:55.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a good question, and the gist of it applies to automated tests for other kinds of interfaces (e.g. protocols, APIs, file formats) too.  Automation makes the most sense when the implementation is susceptible to change but the interface is stable; conversely, it makes the least sense when the interface is unstable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to be objective about the value of the automated tests vs manual tests; the cost of repeatedly fixing broken tests; the value of the other, less intellectually challenging, manual testing work I could be doing if I weren't repairing automated tests; the amount of test-breaking changes I expect to see; and even how sympathetic the developers are toward building testability into the product.  It would be nice to say I could quantify all those variables and plug them into a formula, but really, I can't.  I try to be honest with myself, take my best guess, and move forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to make blanket statements about techniques that insulate you from changes, because all changes aren't equal.  For example, using page objects might insulate you from structural, semantic-neutral changes within a page, but it will be less helpful, and perhaps even an impediment, when the UI is reorganized in more dramatic ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I don't automate parts of the UI that I think are still undergoing rapid change.  I test those parts manually, and then once things look like they're settling down, I re-evaluate.  But then I'm the only QA person in our little start-up.  If I were a dedicated automation person in a large QA team, I might make different decisions -- although I'd still be skeptical about automating tests against something unstable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T13:36:55.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="959" CreationDate="2011-06-03T18:02:04.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;SIKULI is a visual technology to automate and test graphical user interfaces (GUI) using images (screenshots). It stores the elements it comes across on the page in the form of bitmaps. It can be used for testing/comparison of images. Find more at &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T18:02:04.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="941" CreationDate="2011-06-03T18:37:18.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some links to good resources, I recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Free site dedicated to &lt;a href=&quot;http://performance-testing.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;performance testing&lt;/a&gt; (lots of resources, articles, downloads, list of tools, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://loadstorm.com/25-Performance-Test-Articles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;25 Good Performance Testing Articles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="706" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T18:37:18.357" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-06-03T18:37:18.357" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="982" CreationDate="2011-06-03T18:44:35.207" Score="20" ViewCount="1572" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team has recently transitioned from the traditional waterfall method to practising Scrum.  Being the QA lead, really the only tester on a small team, how can I get the process more aligned with agile? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, it seems as though we're just running a mini waterfall with development in one iteration, then testing in the next (NOT Agile!).  After some discussion with programmers, I've come to find we have no Unit tests set up, so we really haven't even done any sort of TDD.  We also have yet to implement any sort of automated testing.  I'm lost as to where to even start with getting us on the right track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:23:20.380" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T07:52:41.433" Title="In agile (Scrum) practices, where do I start with making QA (testing) more efficient if the team is transitioning from waterfall to agile?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="963" CreationDate="2011-06-03T18:54:26.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use your testing skills to help the team define each story more concretely. This shifts your contribution from one of strictly detecting problems to one where also help to prevent them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stories are being prepared for the next planning meeting, work with the product owner and developers to clarify the boundary of each feature. Use your well-developed boundary-probing and ambiguity-detection skills to ask &quot;do you mean&quot; questions, and posit &quot;what if&quot; scenarios. Help the team express their growing understanding of concrete, written examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's great if you can automate these examples as automated acceptance tests. But even if you can't, they help the whole team to understand the feature better, to test their own understanding of the feature, and to mark progress during the iteration as the system satisfies more and more of the examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:25:41.083" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:25:41.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="963" CreationDate="2011-06-03T19:08:17.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this software development environment, testing should progress with the development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the features are being planned, you should be getting boundaries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the features are being implemented, you should be making scenarios form the boundaries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the features are finished, or at least working, you should be running the scenarios; manually or through automated scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unit test part should be something that the programmers do, since they shouldn't give testers code that doesn't even run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your company has a more &quot;cowboy&quot; approach to programming, and just lets the programmer implement something based on a loose concept, you should have meetings with the programmers to find what boundaries they are intending on using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="347" LastActivityDate="2011-06-03T19:08:17.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="966" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2101" CreationDate="2011-06-03T19:53:54.900" Score="4" ViewCount="548" Body="&lt;p&gt;My previous work involved writing embedded Linux code.  We used a couple of the embedded devices in a test harness, a Linux PC and the Windows Perforce repository.  The Linux PC ran an instance of FitNesse and used (among other things) the &lt;a href=&quot;http://fit.c2.com/wiki.cgi?CommandLineFixture&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CommandLineFixture&lt;/a&gt; to cross-compile the latest binaries, deploy them to the target, and then execute the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current project involved the Microsoft stack, developing web services.  I would like to be able to use FitNesse to test out this system, but I'm at a loss as to where to start.  The Linux system meant all that &lt;code&gt;bash&lt;/code&gt; scripting goodness, so building (&lt;code&gt;make&lt;/code&gt;), deployment (&lt;code&gt;ssh&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;scp&lt;/code&gt;) and collating results (&lt;code&gt;scp&lt;/code&gt;) were all easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming I can use a similar chain under Windows-only:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;MSBuild&lt;/code&gt; for building&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;putty&lt;/code&gt; for deployment / collating results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but deployment of IIS web services seems more complex than just copying files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any pointers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="44" LastEditDate="2011-06-04T13:42:42.087" LastActivityDate="2011-11-04T14:48:36.260" Title="Using FitNesse with .Net across multiple servers" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;&lt;dot-net&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="963" CreationDate="2011-06-03T20:37:24.193" Score="10" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In an agile environment, the &lt;strong&gt;distinction between a tester and a developer is blurred. Testers are not solely responsible or even the primary owner of quality. Quality is a shared responsibility of the whole team.&lt;/strong&gt; Individuals in an agile team may specialise in a particular role but will take on different roles depending on the context. &lt;strong&gt;Testers who are out of their depth reading code or uncomfortable influencing design decisions may require some training (or pair up with DEV) to fit into the agile team.&lt;/strong&gt; Testing is a key activity that should involve testers, developers and customer representatives. It is not supposed to be done by the testers in isolation. The developers need to write automated unit tests before starting to code. This approach of doing testing before coding is called &lt;strong&gt;Test-Driven Development&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Change is at the heart of agile projects. &lt;strong&gt;The testing team might be expected to follow a plan when a change has happened in the product.&lt;/strong&gt; The plan should support the change. After a change has been implemented the testers need to test the untouched areas of the changes to ensure the ongoing stability of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conversations and shared understanding will take the place of heavy-weight documentation. &lt;strong&gt;Testers should be capable of looking at the big picture from multiple angles and ask good questions that the developers and customers might think of.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The agile testing mindset is all about collaborating with customers, looking at the big picture, providing and obtaining feedback&lt;/strong&gt;. Here the testers collaborate closely with the customers. Working closely with the customers is favoured over becoming a customer proxy. The testers do not merely execute against a negotiated bill of work but have iterative collaboration with the customer. The testers state the user’s point of view in team meetings and bug reports. &lt;strong&gt;The testers even fail the release if the quality was unacceptable to protect\defend the customer.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testers need to be on their guard to watch out for any impact of rigid processes on quality. For a long time the focus of  testing has been short-sighted with emphasis on functional correctness rather than value to people.&lt;/strong&gt; This problem in testing is a subset of the bigger problems of rigid processes in place. For example, in company XYZ if the tester logs a defect that lacks the support of requirement specification document, the issue is considered to be a non-issue as per the process. In these situations, there needs to be a careful risk assessment of the issue through shared conversations with the developer and high support from the management if indeed the issue falls into the high risk area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested to find more, I have also written an article on &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Making a successful transition to agile testing&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; at &lt;a href=&quot;http://technologyandleadership.com/making-a-successful-transition-to-agile-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://technologyandleadership.com/making-a-successful-transition-to-agile-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:26:08.680" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:26:08.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="963" CreationDate="2011-06-04T08:05:11.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The core testing practice in agile pethods is automated testing, in order to always have a deliverable software, and to write these tests before coding the features. These are practices from XP and TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if you are interested by testing in an agile context, you should take a look at Test Driven Development, if you haven't yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="113" LastActivityDate="2011-06-04T08:05:11.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="970" CreationDate="2011-06-04T10:52:09.687" Score="12" ViewCount="35738" Body="&lt;p&gt;A variant on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/55/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-positions&quot;&gt;How should you interview for QA positions?&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I am interviewing candidates for an Automation position, we don't use commercial automation tools, but rather use a framework using mainly Perl, so knowing Perl or some other programming language is required, but being a &quot;computer geek&quot; is a great plus.&#xA;Another problem is that good programmers tend not to have testing state of mind, they will follow the needed design but will have a hard time going from test case to test code without forgetting something in the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So... besides some basic programming questions, maybe a single very basic testing question, what else should I ask ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T09:45:31.997" Title="How should you interview for QA *Automation* positions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2011-06-04T16:16:10.890" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, if you hire an &quot;automator&quot;, you're going to get someone who can write code, but has no skill or desire to test. And that's fine if that's what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you just want tips on how to hire a tester than &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; automate, then ask testing questions that have potential to be solved more efficiently with code. An example I use frequently is &quot;You're in charge of testing a fuction that returns a random number between 1-6 (esentially a die rolling program) - how would you test it?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I won't go into the details of the answer here, but testers who can program, are good at recognizing the scope of challenges in this problem &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; will have ideas on how writing automation and analysis tools will help them address the challenges. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-06-04T16:16:10.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2011-06-04T16:42:57.863" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been very successful in asking candidates to write code for some simple algorithm and then have them test the code as if someone else wrote it. I try to look for tests that go well beyond unit tests and into integration or system tests.  If they are good coders and good testers, they will start to go into more complex areas like boundary, stress, performance testing, and lots of white box.  See if they come up with good ways of looking into the code they are testing and that they are comfortable with it.  Do they know how to debug, interpret code, understand complexity, understand callpaths, think about code coverage? And echoing some of the answers in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/55/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-positions&quot;&gt;How should you interview for QA positions&lt;/a&gt;, make sure they don't give up - if they are good testers they will figure out lots of crazy ways to break what they're testing and shouldn't stop until the interviewer says so.  Good coders will stop with unit tests.  Good testers will stop at black box.  Good coders + good testers are ninjas on fire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2441" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-06-04T16:42:57.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="972" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="999" CreationDate="2011-06-04T17:24:01.737" Score="6" ViewCount="2189" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to do some functional testing on a component that exposes a small set of WCF endpoints. I'm still ramping up on WCF, so I'm hitting a bit of analysis paralysis trying to figure out the best way to test this.  In doing some research, most articles approach this from a unit testing standpoint. I've seen some people say to completely avoid the WCF plumbing and just test the interface implementation directly, which seems more like unit testing to me.  Others recommend to have the test case(s) use WCF self hosting and make the calls.  Any guidance or wisdom on testing APIs that are exposed as WCF?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2441" LastEditorUserId="2441" LastEditDate="2013-04-13T02:30:41.807" LastActivityDate="2013-04-13T02:30:41.807" Title="Recommendations for functional testing a WCF service" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2011-06-04T18:17:50.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To evaluate the candidate's creativity give them some exercise involving lateral thinking skills like testing a new feature that is not yet implemented on Facebook. Are they able to think about the risk areas?, Are they able to ask you good questions to go about the exercise? What different test methodologies come to their mind while testing it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In testing you could ask about the framework and test methodologies. This way we can evaluate if they are aware and really understand why they apply certain test methodologies in certain situations and the benefits and disadvantages of using one approach over another. For example you could ask how to design test data while testing &quot;post comments&quot; feature in facebook. What are the pros and cons of using data-driven testing approach or random test data generation approach in this context?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2011-06-04T18:22:59.423" LastActivityDate="2011-06-04T18:22:59.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="972" CreationDate="2011-06-05T09:34:53.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use SOAP UI for this. It automaticaly generates all the functional test cases, based on wsdl definition, it is possible to load test your service, it is free and open source (and there is commercial version), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.soapui.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="102" LastActivityDate="2011-06-05T09:34:53.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="975" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="976" CreationDate="2011-06-05T12:34:43.900" Score="5" ViewCount="6242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose there is exception handling available in all high level languages; and I often find test methods written as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void testLogin()&#xA; try{&#xA;     testCtrl.type(&quot;loginText&quot;, &quot;loginName&quot;);&#xA;     testCtrl.type(&quot;loginPasssword&quot;, &quot;password&quot;);&#xA;     testCtrl.clickAndWait(&quot;loginButton&quot;);&#xA;     AssertText(&quot;WelcomeUser&quot;);&#xA; } catch(Exceltion e) {&#xA;    print(e.stackTrace);&#xA;    fail();&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now suppose that the password field is not available, then the control would fall to the &lt;code&gt;catch&lt;/code&gt; block and would print the stack trace, followed by test failure. Why do this? Why not just let the test fail as soon as the password field is not found? I can not figure out the objective of doing &lt;code&gt;try/catch&lt;/code&gt; with such a method during test automation. Do you also follow this &quot;obtuse magical&quot; approach with your test automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T02:52:18.633" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T02:52:18.633" Title="Is it appropriate to do exception handling for every single test method?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="975" CreationDate="2011-06-05T14:12:33.033" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;A decent test framework will take care of catching and reporting exceptions for you.  I don't catch the exception explicitly unless I need to add something to the report that clarifies the exception's context, e.g. values of variables or database IDs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-05T14:12:33.033" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="781" CreationDate="2011-06-05T14:53:25.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the project I've worked on, these tests are called &lt;em&gt;Unit Tests on Target&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;HW/SW Integration Tests&lt;/em&gt;. Their purpose is to test hardware features such as watchdog or ISR. Some tests deserve their own category, such as &lt;em&gt;Boot Tests&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="683" LastActivityDate="2011-06-05T14:53:25.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="975" CreationDate="2011-06-05T17:27:37.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the simple test method above, any failure can be understood by the tester easily without the help of printstacktrace. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some failures that are hard to debug. For example, suppose we pass three parameters to a test method. We failed to implement session maintenance for one of the 3 objects passed as parameters and it happens to be passed as null as a consequence. Such failures are hard to debug. It can be easily narrowed down to the root cause using stacktrace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example let's take a sample test case to first login into facebook and then add a friend. Suppose login code is written as a separate file for re-usability under the same namespace. First I call the login module in the test case and then call the add-friend module. When I run the test case the user logs into facebook, and fails at the add-friend module call because I missed to maintain the session of the selenium object. When the call is returned from the login module, it doesn't know that the user has already logged in since the selenium object is null. When I try to add-friend it throws an exception. The root cause of this exception can be traced more easily with printstacktrace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Test Case Code&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;package resources.module;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class addFriend&#xA;{&#xA;//To set the baseURL and server port&#xA;DefaultSelenium sel = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*firefox&quot;,&quot;http://facebook.com/&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//Declaration to instantiate class for reusable pieces of code written as module in /resources/modul&#xA;   resources.module.loginFriend  loginFacebook= new resources.module.loginFriend();&#xA;   resources.module.addFriend addFbfriend = new resources.module.addFriend();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public void setUp()&#xA;{&#xA;...Starting server code&#xA;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testaddFriend(DefaultSelenium sel, String user1, String pass1, String user2, String pass2)&#xA;{&#xA;  loginFacebook(sel, user1, pass1); //User1 logs into facebook by calling login module&#xA;  addFbfriend(sel, user1, pass1, user2, pass2) //User1 adds User2 as friend&#xA;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now lets see the &lt;strong&gt;login module code&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;package resources.module;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class loginFriend&#xA;{&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void loginFb(DefaultSelenium sel, String username, String password)&#xA;   {&#xA;    Code to login&#xA;   } &#xA;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now lets see the &lt;strong&gt;addfriend module&lt;/strong&gt; which throws &lt;b&gt;exception&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;package resources.module;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class addFriend&#xA;{&#xA;public void addFbfriend(DefaultSelenium sel, String user1, String pass1, String user2, String pass2)&#xA;{&#xA;   sel.click(&quot;link=Profile&quot;); &lt;strong&gt;//throws exception since selenium object is passed as null&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2011-06-06T22:04:30.170" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T22:04:30.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="975" CreationDate="2011-06-05T19:40:42.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's better to distinguish between test failure and test error; i.e. when the password field is not available, it's not a failure of Login feature itself, but instead is an error in the test setup/execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, I prefer to not catch such exception to see if my tests are outdated or the SUT is completely broken. It's especially helpfull when I have a lot of tests in the test run: many test &lt;em&gt;errors&lt;/em&gt; could mean that something is wrong, while many test failures may cause whole team to panic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21" LastActivityDate="2011-06-05T19:40:42.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="975" CreationDate="2011-06-06T01:11:15.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exception handling should not be done at the test level (with exceptions) for two reasons that I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt; Certain times you want the test to fail rather than handle the exception for the reporting purpose.  Exception handling will tell the automation developer that there was an exception/error, but will show the test as pass, which may not be true. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;li&gt; The exception described above is technically not the exception in the test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the benefits of using the Page Object model.  The login page class can have the method to type in the password field which can have the exception handling for existence of the password field.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example in Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;public class LoginPage  &#xA;{  &#xA;public typePassword(String pwd)  &#xA;&#xA;      if(!passwordField.exists())  &#xA;      log.error(&quot;Password field does not exist&quot;);  &#xA;&#xA;      passwordField.type(pwd);  &#xA;}  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test method can call this method, and does not need to have an exception handling in the test method itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-06-08T18:53:14.037" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T18:53:14.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="959" CreationDate="2011-06-06T06:29:47.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For image comparison I could suggest to use - captureScreenshotToString. So you could keep one copy as reference point while other captured run time and then comparing it with already saved copy. But as you said it is not &quot;great practice programmatically.&quot;... Also you would have to simulate selenium 1 to use captureScreenshotToString api from selenium 2. For more on this look here - &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html#emulating-selenium-rc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html#emulating-selenium-rc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T06:29:47.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="963" CreationDate="2011-06-06T07:02:01.223" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you have described so far is something I'd call 'scrummerfall', but given how it often turns out, could be spelt scrummerFAIL instead.  I see several issues that need to be addressed.  @Aruna covered several in their answer, which gets high marks from me.  To what they have said I would add the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the team doesn't understand what 'DONE' means if things are not in a 'ready to ship' state (e.g. testing still needed, bugs found that require fixes, etc) at the end of the iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There does not seem to be an emphasis on good 'craftsmanship' of the code, as evidenced by the lack of TDD and unit tests.  In an iterative development environment, you need a pretty robust set of automated tests both at the Unit and Integration/Acceptance level in order to be sure that the stuff that was built and working correctly in earlier iterations is not broken by work done in later iterations.  If this testing is not automated, then the amount of regression testing needed at the end of each iteration grows larger and larger until it takes over the entire iteration and no work can be done.  As a tester, you need enough time in each iteration to produce automated acceptance tests that can form part of a regression suite for use in following iterations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;(in a sense continued from #2) In sort iterations it is crucial to build in quality upfront as there is not enough time to try and 'test in quality' during an iteration.  I strongly think developers need to be doing some kind of 'test first' practice in order to be successful in the long run.  I know of no other practice that can have as much impact in reducing the defect rate.  BDD / ATDD (two terms for pretty much the same thing with a few minor differences) would be preferred, TDD otherwise.   All of the *DD's are DESIGN/Development practices, designed to help the developer better understand what they are about to code by looking at the required behaviour, as expressed by tests, FIRST before they write code.  While unit tests are produced, they are NOT testing activities, and despite the name 'test' in the name, unit tests are the developer's responsibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They have not really integrated test into the team, and are basically still 'throwing stuff over the fence' at the end of an iteration, that means you are basically still working in separate silo's and not all part of one team.  You need to be testing a story as soon as the developers think it's working, not after they finish a sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you are doing scrum without anyone on the team having had any kind of scrum related training (or prior experience on a high performing team) then it's a recipe for failure, have management invest in at least Scrum Master training for your SM, and I'd strongly recommend Product Owner training for the PO as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Everyone on the team needs to be clear on how test fits into things, to that end I'd recommend everyone on the team be tasked with reading two very good books that cover this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile Testing by Crispin &amp;amp; Gregory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bridging the Communications Gap by Gojko Adzic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;in terms of community, I'd strongly recommend checking out the Agile Testing section of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://skillsmatter.com/go/agile-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Skills Matter website&lt;/a&gt;  where there's a wealth of good free into in the podcasts section.  Also, the Agile Testing group in Linked-In is a great place to talk with other agile testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-24T07:52:41.433" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T07:52:41.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="941" CreationDate="2011-06-06T07:16:29.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Microsoft Patterns and Practices folks have a great free book offering guidance for performance testing and loadtesting of web apps.   Despite coming from MS, it's not very MS centric and offers great advice for anyone doing perf/load testing of web applications on any platform (not just windows)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can download the PDF file for free over at &lt;a href=&quot;http://perftestingguide.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; on codeplex.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T07:16:29.110" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-06-06T07:16:29.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="975" CreationDate="2011-06-06T09:51:05.103" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to admit that I probably do this too much, however, not at the test level.  I typically add try catches to each of the actions that my tests call as there is often times where although it is important for me to see if a certain action did not execute the way that was intented, it is also important for me to see if anything happened after that point that should not have.  This allows us the possibility to find more than 1 bug per test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in your example, what if the element locators were wrong for both the password field and the login button were wrong/had changed.  The test would be run twice before this was discovered.  I'm not certain if this is what you're actually looking for, however, here's how I would have written your test method in C#.  (sorry for the length, I figured it'd be best just to include everything)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace example&#xA;{&#xA;    public static class testData&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static bool fail;&#xA;        public static StringBuilder failMessage = new StringBuilder();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public class tryCatchExample&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static IWebDriver _browser = null;&#xA;        public static IWebDriver browser&#xA;        {&#xA;            get&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (_browser == null)&#xA;                    _browser = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;                return _browser;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [SetUp]&#xA;        public static void SetUp()&#xA;        {&#xA;            testData.fail = false;&#xA;            browser.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;urlOfLoginPageUnderTest&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [TearDown]&#xA;        public static void tearDown()&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (testData.failMessage != null)&#xA;            {&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(testData.failMessage);&#xA;                testData.failMessage.Clear();&#xA;            }&#xA;            _browser = null;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [Test]&#xA;        public static void testLogin()&#xA;        {&#xA;            actions.enterText(&quot;loginText&quot;, &quot;loginName&quot;, browser);&#xA;            actions.enterText(&quot;loginPassword&quot;, &quot;password&quot;, browser);&#xA;            browser.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;loginButton&quot;)).Click();&#xA;            //The below assert is optional as you could also continue to see if you are able to login without credentials&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(testData.fail, false, &quot;We are not able to continue as not all requirements to login have been met.&quot;);&#xA;            actions.assertTextPresent(&quot;WelcomeUser&quot;, browser);&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(testData.fail, false);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    public static class actions&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static void enterText(string text, string idOfElement, IWebDriver browser)&#xA;        {&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                IWebElement elementToTypeIn = browser.FindElement(By.Id(idOfElement));&#xA;                try&#xA;                {&#xA;                    elementToTypeIn.SendKeys(text);&#xA;                }&#xA;                catch&#xA;                {&#xA;                    testData.failMessage.Append(&quot;Was not able to enter text \&quot;&quot; + text + &quot;\&quot; into element with id of &quot; + &#xA;                        idOfElement + Environment.NewLine);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch&#xA;            {&#xA;                testData.failMessage.Append(&quot;Could not find element with id of: &quot; + idOfElement + Environment.NewLine);&#xA;                testData.fail = true;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public static void assertTextPresent(string textToFind, IWebDriver browser)&#xA;        {&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                Assert.IsTrue(browser.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;body&quot;)).Text.Contains(textToFind));&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch&#xA;            {&#xA;                testData.failMessage.Append(&quot;Was not able to find text: &quot; + textToFind + Environment.NewLine);&#xA;                testData.fail = true;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T09:51:05.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2011-06-06T12:05:32.000" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You must define the role before you can determine the interview questions.&#xA;You need to ask yourself - what will this new hire be expected to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will your Automator actually be required to do any testing?  Or just build automation tools?&#xA;Will your Automator analyze your needs and create her own requirements?  Or is someone else creating the requirements?&#xA;Will your Automator be required to conceive, design, and develop a test automation framework?  Or is that already in place, and this person will just write the code to fill in the missing pieces?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing that answers to that will help steer you in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may need only a developer, who happens to be developing test automation code.&#xA;Or you may need a tester, who can build automation to aid in her testing.&#xA;Or you may need a designer/developer with domain expertise in testing and test automation who can analyze your department's needs, design an effective solution, and develop the code to implement that solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sourcing and interviewing of the candidate will change depending on your choice of role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T12:05:32.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="986" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-06T13:01:47.733" Score="21" ViewCount="6436" Body="&lt;p&gt;What books are people reading that you would recommend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've just finished up &quot;Beautiful Testing&quot; (which I would highly recommend) and need to pick up another book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for something fairly current. The content should be somewhat generic to testing. I don't want a &quot;how to&quot; on scripting or coding or a particular tool. I've read the James Whittaker &quot;How To....&quot; books, so unless he has a new one out I'm unaware of I've read those all. If it were inexpensive, or available used on Amazon all the better.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what do folks suggest?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T09:04:16.180" LastActivityDate="2020-08-21T10:25:28.737" Title="Recommend a Good QA Book" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="17" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-06-06T15:21:53.760" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2011-06-06T13:33:03.017" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lessons Learned In Software Testing - Cem Kaner, James Bach, Bret Pettichord.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;293 short lessons on various aspects of software testing, you're bound to find something useful in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T13:33:03.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2011-06-06T14:38:02.807" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;One book that I would recommend is &lt;strong&gt;Debugging by Thinking by Robert Charles Metzger&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a very unique book in that it approaches how to do testing the way Sherlock Holmes and other fictional detectives might have done it, looking at logic, psychology, engineering, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book is pretty comprehensive and would be useful for a wide range of engineers both SW quality and SW developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck, hoping this question get a lot of answers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. I know that &amp;quot;Testing&amp;quot; (Debugging) and &amp;quot;Quality Assurance&amp;quot; are not the same. &lt;em&gt;But good testing skills are paramount to becoming a great SW Quality Engineer!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastEditorUserId="41012" LastEditDate="2020-08-21T10:25:28.737" LastActivityDate="2020-08-21T10:25:28.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="866" CreationDate="2011-06-06T15:12:11.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My guess is that some of the changes in Firefox portable were made in the profile handling code. Selenium not only instantiates the browser, but it also creates a basic profile and installs the WebDriver plugin in that profile among other things. I'm guessing here, but if you're not specifying the location of the profile, Selenium is probably creating it in the same place it would create it for an installed version of Firefox. I would try manually specifying a profile (which has the WebDriver add-on installed manually first) that corresponds to the local directory that portable Firefox uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="555" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T15:12:11.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="975" CreationDate="2011-06-06T15:23:30.900" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most test runners reports three kinds of test results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;E&lt;/code&gt;(rror): An unhandled exception occured&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;F&lt;/code&gt;(ailure): A test assertion failed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt;(everything OK)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So no, you should not do exception handling in the test methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="718" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T15:23:30.900" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="991" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="993" CreationDate="2011-06-06T16:25:37.330" Score="3" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having difficulty deciding whether or not using multiple assemblies for a QA system is the right approach to take.  Here are some important details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The underlying system is a single assembly system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm thinking of using multiple assemblies to separate regression, integration, and unit testing.  Can these types of testing be split up using NUnit categories instead of assemblies?  Which would be a better approach?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other comments regarding the use of multiple assemblies vs a single assembly for a QA system would be appreciated. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Addendum:&#xA;Here is some extra information&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm trying to create a QA framework for a large existing project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I will start by writing system-level regression tests then work on creating integration and unit tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am planning on having three layers of code logic: NUnit &gt; Results management &gt; Underlying system logic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="717" LastEditorUserId="717" LastEditDate="2011-06-06T17:50:50.273" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T17:50:50.273" Title="Multiple Assembly QA Systems?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="975" CreationDate="2011-06-06T16:56:36.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this depends on what you're testing to a certain degree. There are some cases where an exception being thrown is the pass criteria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I write tests to verify that an API upholds the rules of an expired trial; changing files and / or saving them is not allowed. I'll use exception handling in this case to catch the error coming out of the API and set a boolean that I then evaluate. If the exception is thrown and the data isn't changed, the test is a pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I agree with the other posts that in most other cases, you're probably better off using a test framework that will handle these and report them as test failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="415" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T16:56:36.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="991" CreationDate="2011-06-06T17:03:22.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;They can be split into categories if you want, but test frameworks tend to grow over time, and you don't want to be in the place of refactoring a giant mega test fixture into a number of smaller fixtures. We experienced something very similar and had something like 2000 tests in one DLL; it took hours to complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we've done is both; we create distinct assemblies for close knit sets of functionality that model features or objects. Each assembly has its own namespace that's an extension of a common namespace. Each assembly is also it's own stand alone solution so we don't have to load a single solution with 50+ projects inside it if we don't want to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also have a single solution that compiles to &quot;AllTests.dll&quot;, which contains instances of each test fixture class. We use this AllTests fixture for selecting a range of tests from the entire project for automated minimum acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This required a middle application we call our test runner that's a wrapper around NUnit and takes an XML file that specifies which test fixtures to run per product. We use this scheme to test 8 different products. Adding a similar layer that tells NUnit which categories to apply can be achieved in this manner if you're set on a single assembly; I can see if it would be possible to provide some sample code to do this if you like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a similar approach will mean a little more work now, but will allow you to snap in new fixtures quickly and manage the size of your framework as it grows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="415" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T17:03:22.680" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1013" CreationDate="2011-06-06T19:50:56.810" Score="28" ViewCount="43240" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot;&gt;Sikuli website&lt;/a&gt; says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sikuli is a visual technology to automate and test graphical user&#xA;  interfaces (GUI) using images (screenshots).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under what circumstances is Sikuli a better technology for test automation than Selenium or Watir, which depend on symbolic identifiers or paths for referencing UI elements?  Please consider not only test creation but also test maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T12:15:51.773" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T13:04:49.710" Title="Under what circumstances is Sikuli better for test automation than Selenium or Watir?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;watir&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="16" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="17" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2011-06-06T21:19:39.180" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Perfect Software and other illusions about testing&quot; by Gerald Weinberg should be on your &quot;to read&quot; list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an interesting example that will give you a flavor of the book.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In chapter 3 &quot;Why Not Just Test Everything?&quot;, Weinberg has a section called &quot;There are an infinite number of possible tests.&quot;  He talks about a backdoor placed into a highly secure program whereby the ordinary password protection could be bypassed by typing W followed by three spaces, then M followed by three spaces, then J followed by exactly 168 more keystrokes without once using the letter L.  Then he writes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Do you get the point by now?  If you&#xA;  didn't guess that the number of tests&#xA;  required to exhaustively test software&#xA;  is infinite, or at least &quot;a number&#xA;  greater than I could run in my&#xA;  lifetime&quot;, you didn't understand the&#xA;  point of this chapter.  Now you do.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for a &quot;how to&quot; book, you should look elsewhere.  If you are looking for a &quot;why&quot; (and sometimes &quot;why not&quot;) book, this might be for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another really good one is &quot;How We Test Software at Microsoft&quot; by Alan Page, Ken Johnston, and Bj Rollison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The excellent explanations of Equivalence Class Partitioning and Boundary Value Analysis are among the best I have ever read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T21:19:39.180" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-06-06T21:19:39.180" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="998" CreationDate="2011-06-06T22:06:37.797" Score="31" ViewCount="1716" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a big code library that I need to refactor in order for it to fit more nicely together (one big problem is there aren't clear enough boundaries between each component).  Since there will be some regression testing necessary to validate any refactoring, would it make sense to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a unit test for a particular piece of code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the unit test and make sure it passes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactor the code and check that the unit test still passes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems like a good idea to start using a TDD approach to this refactoring process, although my biggest concern is that I'm writing unit tests after the existing code (instead of writing the code after the unit tests).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I'm writing unit tests AFTER the code, should I first refactor, do my own regression tests, then continue using the TDD steps (write failing test, write passing code, refactor, repeat)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="717" LastEditorUserId="8709" LastEditDate="2019-11-27T03:33:17.000" LastActivityDate="2019-11-27T03:33:17.000" Title="Developing Unit Tests While Refactoring Legacy Code?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="996" CreationDate="2011-06-06T22:56:44.903" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMO you should go ahead and write the unit tests for passing statements before doing any refactoring.  The reason is because you want to be in a known state before making changes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="725" LastActivityDate="2011-06-06T22:56:44.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="996" CreationDate="2011-06-07T00:16:14.177" Score="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are 2 books I recommend reading as they will help with moving legacy code to TDD: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot;&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/a&gt;  and&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1933988711&quot;&gt;Brownfield Application Development in .Net&lt;/a&gt; (newer book, but .NET based). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Since I'm writing unit tests AFTER the code, should I first refactor, do my own regression tests, then continue using the TDD steps (write failing test, write passing code, refactor, repeat)?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write the tests &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; you refactor. The tests will be more of a specification (&lt;em&gt;the code does X&lt;/em&gt;) before you start modifying it. This way, when you refactor the code, the test matches the existing code, so if your refactoring breaks something, it will make existing customers unhappy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above 2 books will give you more ideas of how to decide where to break things up into smaller (and more manageable) pieces, and when to leave things alone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="88" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T00:16:14.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="972" CreationDate="2011-06-07T03:52:34.703" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two approaches that I have taken to testing a WCF service.  I am working under the assumption that you are looking to simulate the configuration both hosting and access that an application would do from a production set up. Hosting it I would set it up in a similar maner to what you are planning to do when deployed.  For me this meant deployng it to a server and the hosting was done either though &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb332338.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IIS or as a windows service deployment&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Once this is done it sort of depended on what I was trying to accomplish.  If I just wanted to do some quick and dirty testing of the service I used the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb552364.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WCF Test Client&lt;/a&gt;.  This allows me to simply pass input values to the available methods and look at the return values.  If I was writing automation I simply started a new project in VS and added the hosted service as a reference and started writing my code against the exposed interface.  Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2011-06-30T18:51:44.837" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T18:51:44.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="963" CreationDate="2011-06-07T05:16:51.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote an article sometime for the Agile record magazine (Lessons learnt in agile testing) specifically highlighting some pain points and the learnings we had while transitioning to agile. here is the link. hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agilerecord.com/agilerecord_04.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://agilerecord.com/agilerecord_04.pdf&lt;/a&gt;  (page 73 – 76)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T05:16:51.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1001" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1006" CreationDate="2011-06-07T05:30:13.940" Score="9" ViewCount="7118" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any fundamental difference in the way applications/services hosted in the cloud are to be tested versus a traditional web based application? It looks essentially the same to me except the way these applications manage large loads (elastic clouds) and high availability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T20:03:25.347" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T20:03:25.347" Title="Testing cloud based applications" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1001" CreationDate="2011-06-07T10:22:13.283" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This really depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No if&lt;/strong&gt; you have created virtual machines on the cloud and have moved your application onto those virtual machines and placed these behind the a load balancer. You might choose to check that the load balancer functions as expected, and the performance when you place you application under load to ensure you have the correct setting in place on the load balancer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes if&lt;/strong&gt; you have embraced the cloud technologies and built your application to deliver high availability and scalability. Your application components will be distributed across machines and you will find that testing a distributed system is best done by testing each of the components first in isolation through unit tests and then a smaller set of integrated tests to prove that the deployed application works as intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="230" LastEditDate="2011-06-07T14:32:47.050" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T14:32:47.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2011-06-07T10:48:14.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just watched their video and answering this on basis of certain assumption I made, Sikuli is better when -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests is only on one browser, one operating system, one resolution, one (every thing else you could think of) OR if you are ready to develop different  Sikuli scripts for each configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli system some how reminds me of old time automation tool when UI operations would be tied to screen coordinates. And then we moved to better element locators for good reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though if you see the intro video of Sikuli for mac, I feel Sikuli is better off for these task then browser basesd UI automation in Agile environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T10:48:14.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2011-06-07T10:55:01.250" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, none!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are using images to locate elements then you are in trouble when someone comes along and decides to change how the application looks or the position of an element on the screen. You will build a fragile test suite and will be forever updating the images that you have used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One concern would be that IE and firefox don't always render css in the same way and subtle differences would cause your test to fail, so you would need to be checking for different images in your test. This is really an overhead that you could save yourself from doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium and Watir on the other hand doesn't care what the element looks like, instead you can find it using many different techniques (id, name, class...) that allow you to build a reliable test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T10:55:01.250" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1007" CreationDate="2011-06-07T10:58:16.913" Score="8" ViewCount="3496" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am thinking of developing some test management tools, to sit alongside the open source automation tools that I currently use. Primarily for recording manual and automated tests, results and providing reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I start these from scratch, I am wondering if there are any existing projects that I should consider donating my time to instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T11:57:29.973" Title="Any good open source test management tools ?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1001" CreationDate="2011-06-07T11:06:47.223" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that Larry Elison summed it up nicely when he stated that Cloud computing is just, servers and the internet. Video is here -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOEFXaWHppE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOEFXaWHppE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing &quot;Cloud&quot; applications should be tested as though you would test any existing web application with a few added test cases to test the additional &quot;Cloud&quot; features, if you application has them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dynamic scaling&lt;/strong&gt; You would want to test that the application can dynamically scale up and down, with no loss of data and end user connectivity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated provisioning&lt;/strong&gt; For apps that provision new services automatically when a new user signs up, you would want to test this process, as well as the reverse when a user leaves the service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Device Synchronisation&lt;/strong&gt; If the service is like Dropbox, or iCloud, then there may be device to device synchronisation issues that need to be tested, particularly recovery situations when a sync is disrupted and incomplete and needs to be restarted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-06-15T11:20:12.430" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T11:20:12.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1005" CreationDate="2011-06-07T12:08:10.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test link comes to my mind. I used it long back and have always heard good reviews about it. It has been used on sizable projects in my old workplace and scaled pretty well to ever increasing test artefacts and a large number of users. &#xA;It is in active development and boasts of a substantial user base. Can do pretty much anything considering its open source. here's the link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/testlink/&quot;&gt;http://sourceforge.net/projects/testlink/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T12:08:10.143" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1008" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1009" CreationDate="2011-06-07T13:37:50.097" Score="4" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to run the code inside of my button_Click method to do regression testing, but since the method is private, I can't simply call it from my regression testing assembly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private void button_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){&#xA;    //Does stuff&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best approach to take from here?  I have two ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put the contents of button_Click into a separate public method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make button_Click a public method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm leaning more towards option 1, as it helps create more separation between the UI and business logic.  Maybe there's an even better way to solve this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Addendum:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, so here is a simple example where I use a &quot;thin&quot; UI layer.  Am I understanding this correctly?  The RefreshForms method is part of the forms code, but put into it's own method to keep the button_Click method as thin as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, the QA code only tests the business logic, and all is well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Form Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private void button_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){&#xA;    int res = BusinessLogic.SquareIt(Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text));&#xA;    RefreshForms(res);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void RefreshForms(){&#xA;    textBoxRes = res.ToString();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BusinessLogic Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void SquareIt(double input){&#xA;    return Math.Pow(input, 2);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;public void RunTest(){&#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(BusinessLogic.SquareIt(3),9);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="717" LastEditorUserId="717" LastEditDate="2011-06-07T15:53:11.490" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T15:53:11.490" Title="Regression Testing Functionality Of Code In Button Press?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1008" CreationDate="2011-06-07T14:30:53.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Option 1&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The button click method should only be a thin wrapper that makes a call to another method that contains the business logic. You might want to look at the MVP pattern or MVC pattern to help you separate your business logic from you view logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T14:30:53.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1008" CreationDate="2011-06-07T14:36:40.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume your code fragment is Java.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refactoring the code you want to test into a public method is a nice option, but only if it makes sense for the new method to be public.  In other words, if the private method is private for a good reason, you need to make sure you aren't subverting that decision by moving some of the logic into a public method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to make the method public and add a comment like &quot;Public for test purposes only&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to use the reflection API to gain access to the private method.  There are some downsides: your code will be longer and harder to read and  if someone changes the method signature, your test will still compile, so you won't find out about the problem until your test fails with a cryptic &quot;No such  method found&quot; error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T14:36:40.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1008" CreationDate="2011-06-07T14:48:24.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 3.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use a test automation framework like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.watin.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt; to actually simulate the button getting clicked. I've used WatiN a couple of times and it's actually really easy to use and it's FREE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="537" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T14:48:24.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1008" CreationDate="2011-06-07T15:13:37.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Stuart suggested it is generally a best practice to separate business logic from your UI layer. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2010/02/02/api-testing-testing-in-layers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2010/02/02/api-testing-testing-in-layers/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, you shouldn't be changing access modifiers for testing purposes. You might also consider protected and internal access modifiers. Also, I would recommend looking at PEX and Moles &lt;a href=&quot;http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/pex/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/pex/&lt;/a&gt; from MS Research for testing .NET methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot or do not want to separate the business logic from the event handler, then another option may be to write UI based automated tests using any number of tools or the UIAutomation &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms747327.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms747327.aspx&lt;/a&gt; (assuming this .NET). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T15:13:37.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2011-06-07T18:18:00.713" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can come up with some ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are testing for devs who don't know how to give their elements IDs or use other APIs, and won't go back and fix things in a timely fashion.  This is accumulating technical debt - better to get the devs to do it right - but, e.g., on legacy apps designed without a thought toward testability, screenshot testing might be the only reasonable option for creating UI tests.  In fact, this tool might solve an upcoming problem for me along those lines . . .&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are testing specifically to make sure that the UI stays reasonably similar in appearance.  Normal UI testing doesn't care what the button looks like, and couldn't catch if the image used got deleted by accident or swapped with an old button image.  I've seen other screenshot testing used for these purposes on major apps.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you can get really accurate screenshots from the PM, you could make your UI tests before the IDs have been assigned to the elements and also ensure that the final UI matches PM specs, automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as you can assign screenshots to variables and reuse them (so you only have one screenshot of the &quot;Okay&quot; button in the entire test suite), maintenance wouldn't be too bad IMO.  It might even be easier if IDs are still changing and the UI is in extreme flux.  I worked on a project once where devs kept removing IDs by accident, and I had to wait literally weeks before I got a reliable identifier quite regularly.  But UI elements will &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; have an image, by definition, meaning a 1-minute test fix rather than a 3-week wait where I can't run that test automatically and need to run it manually, or a 15-minute to 1-hour fix to code a work-around function and test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main difficulty I can think of would arise when there could be two or more similar pieces of UI (e.g., two &quot;Okay&quot; buttons, one on an error and one on a standard configuration screen), but even IDs can have similar issues (do you want &quot;dynamicMenuOption11&quot; or &quot;dynamicMenuOption12&quot;?), and you could probably fix this most of the time just by taking a bigger screenshot (e.g., get the edge of the &quot;Apply&quot; button or error dialogue to identify the right button).  That's an easier fix than coding the ID in, checking other values, and so on, IMO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;  I do think Tarun brings up a good point about how well Sikuli tolerates changes.  The video claims some sort of &quot;best-fit&quot; matching, but how tolerant is that?  And, if it is &lt;em&gt;too&lt;/em&gt; tolerant, could it produce false actions and false passes?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T13:04:49.710" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T13:04:49.710" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1014" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1016" CreationDate="2011-06-07T18:46:02.053" Score="5" ViewCount="2911" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alright, so this is what I have right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;buttonMultiply_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){&#xA;    Calculator c = new Calculator();&#xA;    textBoxLog.Text = &amp;quot;Calculation underway...&amp;quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    int value1 = Convert.ToInt16(textBoxValue1.Text);&#xA;    int value2 = Convert.ToInt16(textBoxValue2.Text);&#xA;    int res = c.Multiply(value1, value2); //Sorry for asinine example&#xA;    textBoxResult.Text = res.ToString();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, now to my understanding in the above code there is a clear separation between UI (form element manipulation) and business logic (Calculator).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were to do a business layer test, I would create my own inputs for Calculator.Multiply, and compare the result to a predefined result:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Test (Business Logic)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;TestMultiply(){&#xA;    int value1 = 5;&#xA;    int value2 = 6;&#xA;&#xA;    int correctValue = 30; &#xA;    Calculator c = new Calculator();&#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(correctValue, c.Multiply(value1, value2));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Questions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How would I unit test the UI?  Like, in this simple example, how could I write a unit tests that ensures that the correct values from the UI are sent to my Calculator object?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In addition to unit testing the UI's connection between the form's controls and business layer, what else would require unit testing in this class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="717" LastEditorUserId="33067" LastEditDate="2021-02-08T09:43:52.843" LastActivityDate="2021-02-08T09:43:52.843" Title="UI and Business Logic Testing, Am I Doing it Right? Should I Unit Test Anything Else?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1015" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1037" CreationDate="2011-06-07T19:44:47.130" Score="6" ViewCount="3069" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two word documents that are a &quot;result&quot; of a test and an &quot;expected result&quot;.  I'm using the following code to compare the two and check for differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sub CompareTest &#xA;  Dim wrdApp &#xA;  Dim revTemp &#xA;  Dim file1, file2, differences &#xA;  Set wrdApp = Sys.OleObject(&quot;Word.Application&quot;) &#xA;  file1 = &quot;C:\TestDocs\Site Initiation.doc&quot;   &#xA;  file2 = &quot;C:\TestDocs\Site Initiation_observer.doc&quot; &#xA;  differences = &quot;C:\TestDocs\differences.doc&quot; &#xA;  call wrdApp.Documents.Open(file1)  &#xA;  call wrdApp.ActiveDocument.Compare(file2, &quot;&quot;, 1)   &#xA;  Set revTemp = wrdApp.Selection.NextRevision(True) &#xA;  If Not (revTemp Is Nothing) Then &#xA;    wrdApp.ActiveDocument.SaveAs differences  &#xA;    wrdApp.Documents.Close &#xA;    Call Log.Warning &quot;Documents are not identical&quot;, &quot;Please see the differences in &quot; &amp;amp; differences  &#xA;  Else &#xA;    Call Log.Message &quot;Documents are identical&quot;    &#xA;  End If &#xA;  wrdApp.Quit False &#xA;End Sub&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For whatever reason, for most of the word documents we're comparing like this, everything works fine.  However, for two of them we're comparing, we're getting &quot;Command Failed&quot; on the line that is calling the &quot;Compare&quot; method.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've searched Microsoft's library on line, numerous blogs, etc., and no one can give me a specific situation where this code would work for MOST documents but not for certain scenarios.  I've tried reversing the order of the documents, changing the document names and the directory paths to be more compatible with an 8.3 format.  I've tried comparing each document to itself as well.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A little help would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI, this is code being run in the TestComplete automated testing tool so the specifics of &quot;Sys.OleObject&quot; and the &quot;Log&quot; object are internal to that tool.  We've used &quot;CreateObject&quot; and commented out the Log calls to no avail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-08-22T20:37:12.713" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T04:25:00.347" Title="What could cause a &quot;command failed&quot; error when using the Word.Application object to compare two documents?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="15" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1014" CreationDate="2011-06-07T20:21:54.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, this is going to be a long answer, sorry. You approach is nearly there, but we can test a lot more if we do a little more abstraction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly lets define an interface for your form (view) that will get the values that have been input and set the result value back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public interface IView&#xA;{&#xA;    string Input1TextBox { get; }&#xA;    string Input2TextBox { get; }&#xA;    string ResultTextBox {set;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now lets create a presenter that will have all our calculation logic inside it. The constructor will take an implementation of IView that we have just defined. This will be use this to get the inputs and set the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MyPresenter&#xA;{&#xA;    private IView _view;&#xA;&#xA;    public MyPresenter(IView view)&#xA;    {&#xA;        _view = view;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void DoCalculation()&#xA;    {&#xA;        int value1 = Convert.ToInt16(_view.Input1TextBox);&#xA;        int value2 = Convert.ToInt16(_view.Input2TextBox);&#xA;        _view.ResultTextBox = (value1*value2).ToString();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we can implement and form (view) that implements the IView interface. In the constructor for the form we create a new instance of MyPresenter so that we can access the DoCalculation method that we have written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public partial class Form1 : Form, IView&#xA;{&#xA;    private MyPresenter _presenter;&#xA;&#xA;    public Form1()&#xA;    {&#xA;        _presenter = new MyPresenter(this);&#xA;        InitializeComponent();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    #region Implementation of IView&#xA;&#xA;    public string Input1TextBox&#xA;    {&#xA;        get { return input1TextBox.Text; }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public string Input2TextBox&#xA;    {&#xA;        get { return input2TextBox.Text; }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public string ResultTextBox&#xA;    {&#xA;        set { resultTextBox.Text = value; }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    #endregion&#xA;&#xA;    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        _presenter.DoCalculation();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Why is this good?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing this we have a UI layer that is ultra thin and a testable presenter that contains our business logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can test our presenter with a mock implementation of IView and assert that the presenter correctly made calls to get input 1 and input 2, as well as assert that the presenter made the call to set the result on the mocked view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can also test that that presenter functions correctly by setting our mock object up to return values for input 1 and 2, and asserting the result set on the mocked view. This could be made even easier by abstract the calculation logic out further such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void DoCalculation()&#xA;    {&#xA;        int value1 = Convert.ToInt16(_view.Input1TextBox);&#xA;        int value2 = Convert.ToInt16(_view.Input2TextBox);&#xA;        _view.ResultTextBox = Calculator.Multiply(value1, value2);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you could easily write unit test to make sure that the Multiply method works correctly and the presenter test would make sure that the correct calls were made on the view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially one fully integrated UI test is all that is needed to ensure that the correct inputs where pass through and the result was set in the correct text box. This would be enough to have confidence in that the UI logic was correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this is of help to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2011-06-07T22:30:29.723" LastActivityDate="2011-06-07T22:30:29.723" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1025" CreationDate="2011-06-08T03:34:30.057" Score="6" ViewCount="1788" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using the Canary build (nightly build) of Chrome for a month now.  So far the quality has been high and it has worked without any major issues.  Can someone describe the  automated testing that is performed on each release? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the Canary builds are not checked manually before release, so the automated testing must be extensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.chromium.org/2011/05/adding-more-yellow-to-mac-color-scheme.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.chromium.org/2011/05/adding-more-yellow-to-mac-color-scheme.html&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user207" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T12:39:23.010" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T12:39:23.010" Title="Automated tests performed on Google Chrome?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1018" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1029" CreationDate="2011-06-08T06:11:31.767" Score="2" ViewCount="1623" Body="&lt;p&gt;•&#xA;In case of .NET 2.0 ASMX you can post HTTP requests for the web service using HttpWebRequest and HttpWebResponse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•&#xA;Is this approach possible for java based web service as well, referring to requests from java clients ? Posting as HTTP requests in java, Any example pointers would be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•&#xA;For Developing UI automation we rely on Page object pattern or factory pattern (General Automation Guidance)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•&#xA;What is the guidance / widely adopted approach for java based web services test automation ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not looking at using SOAP UI. I am looking at developing a Test Automation framework for Java based web services testing using TestNG. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pointers / example posts would he helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks, Siva&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T06:43:13.287" Title="Questions on Developing TestNG based automation for Java based web services" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="512" CreationDate="2011-06-08T06:26:50.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Couple of useful pointers while looking at automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation of repetitive tasks would save time (ex-Basic verification cases / Regression Cases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;value of Automation would be realised in successive runs. You would need to spend initial investment on building your automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation suite can be scheduled to run on need basis, no manual intervention&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If an application is in sustenance / maintenance phase it is a good candidate for functional/regression automation, You neeed not have a dedicated QA team. Automation would help in this case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Again if you are following TDD model, Building automation would be helpful when you need to retest same module daily basis. Doing manual testing for same build every day would be a challening job&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T06:26:50.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1014" CreationDate="2011-06-08T06:31:52.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry for another lengthy explanation and an alternate approach via the Model - View - Controller pattern. This is another pattern that isolates the user interface (UI) from the business logic (e.g. the calculator class in your example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's start with the model, or the calculator class. As in your example, that is where the business logic lives. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;interface ICalculatorModel&#xA;{&#xA;    long Multiply(int mValue1, int mValue2);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class CalculatorModel : ICalculatorModel&#xA;{&#xA;    public long Multiply(int mValue1, int mValue2)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return Math.BigMul(mValue1, mValue2);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This calculator model contains the business logic for multiplication of 2 integer values. (It returns a long value instead of an int to prevent an overflow error in case the product of 2 values would exceed 2,147,483,647.) The model can be extended to include methods for division, addition, subtraction, square root, etc., completely independent of the user interface. (Notice that the calculator class does not instantiate the controller or the view interfaces.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unit test for the multiply method in your calculator class is almost identical to the unit test you outlined, but again we can decouple unit testing the business functionality from the user interface completely. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [TestMethod()]&#xA;    public void MultiplyTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;        CalculatorModel calcModel = new CalculatorModel(); &#xA;&#xA;        int value1 = 5; // Initialize to an appropriate value&#xA;        int value2 = 5; // Initialize to an appropriate value&#xA;        long expected = 25; // Initialize to an appropriate value&#xA;        long actual;&#xA;        actual = calcModel.Multiply(value1, value2);&#xA;        Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual);&#xA;        Assert.Inconclusive(&quot;Verify the correctness of this test method.&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, with more extensive data driven unit tests, and/or API testing we could easily develop robust automated tests to test the functionality (business logic) of the method(s) in the calculator class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, the business logic in the calculator class knows nothing about the user interface (view). Communication between the view (user interface form code) and the model (calculator class in this example) we can use a controller. Since the controller has to know about both the view and the model we instantiate both the view and the model interfaces in the controller class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public interface ICalculatorController&#xA;{&#xA;    void OnMultiplyClick(int cValue1, int cValue2);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class CalculatorController : ICalculatorController&#xA;{&#xA;    ICalculatorModel calcModel;&#xA;    ICalculatorView calcView;&#xA;&#xA;    public CalculatorController(ICalculatorModel calcModel, ICalculatorView calcView)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.calcModel = calcModel;&#xA;        this.calcView = calcView;&#xA;        this.calcView.Listener(this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void OnMultiplyClick(int cValue1, int cValue2)&#xA;    {&#xA;        calcView.result = calcModel.Multiply(cValue1, cValue2).ToString();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, we have the form code (or view) similar to your design of 3 textboxes and a button for multiplying the values in the textboxes (assuming they are integer values).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;interface ICalculatorView&#xA;{&#xA;    void Listener(ICalculatorController calcController);&#xA;    int value1 { get; }&#xA;    int value2 { get; }&#xA;    string result { set; }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public partial class formCalculatorView : Form, ICalculatorView&#xA;{&#xA;    ICalculatorController calcController;&#xA;&#xA;    public formCalculatorView()&#xA;    {&#xA;        InitializeComponent();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void Listener(ICalculatorController calcController)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.calcController = calcController;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private void buttonMultiply_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        calcController.OnMultiplyClick(value1, value2);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public int value1&#xA;    {&#xA;        get { return int.Parse(textBoxValue1.Text); }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public int value2&#xA;    {&#xA;        get { return int.Parse(textBoxValue2.Text); }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public string result&#xA;    {&#xA;        set { textBoxResult.Text = value; }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that the buttonMultiply_Click() method calls the method in the controller, and the controller sends the result back to the view (the result textbox on the form).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, that we have our view (or user interface code), there are additional tests that we would want to run from the user interface in order to test behavioral aspects of how a customer might interact with the UI. For example, we might include a small subset of valid entries to verify that the event handler is calling the right method in the controller. If we did a thorough job testing the calculator class we shouldn't necessarily need to do extensive 'functional' re-testing of the calculation methods. What we should focus on are behavioral testing such how does the program handle non-integer input values into the textboxes, or numbers larger than 2,147,483,647 in either textbox. (Notice that in this example there is no exception handling and in either of these cases the int.parse() methods would throw unhandled exceptions.) Other things to look for might include visual layout (look and feel) and accessibility issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly we can test for business logic functionality through the user interface, and I suspect in many cases that how testing is commonly approached. But, I think this and Stuart's example of separating the business logic from the user interface provides an alternate viewpoint of how we can also think of different testing approaches, and help us understand benefits and limitations of testing at different layers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T06:31:52.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-06-08T06:33:03.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes It would help to identify bugs at early stage of testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Development Team handles Design, Development and Unit Testing of Code. With SCRUM/TDD I am afraid if they have enough bandwidth to execute Integration/functional test scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Developers run QA Automation code, We could identify&#xA;- obvious bugs which are part of functionality&#xA;- cross browser failure issues in case of UI testing&#xA;- Any edge cases failing in certain conditions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One option is both developer and tester can sit together and do a round of functional testing at the end of development phase. Earlier the bugs are detected lesser the cost required to fix it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more of a mindshift change than identifying/setting boundarines between development and test teams&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T06:33:03.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="358" CreationDate="2011-06-08T06:40:41.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesting question. I always had this question on how companies arrive at a proposition 1 Test: X Devs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Proposition can be derived based on QA Process, SDLC Process, Complexity of product. From my perspective we need to consider below aspects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience of Test Team, Can the team members operate indendently or it is has less experienced testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type of Testing Done (white box/black box). Depending on it we can arrive at test scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If test criteria is 100% code coverage, we need to look at writing an automation suite to arrive at it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If test criteria is 100% P1 cases, this is related to identify and executing scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Percentage of automation and non automation tasks for every test project. There might be aspects of testing which are not automated (Frequently changing features, newly added feature-pending automation, few browsers left out in automation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complexity of release, How features are related. If ten unrelated features are released there is no point in assigning it to one person. If features are related then it makes sense to club them and test it together&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at the execution model and having data for above parameters would help us arrive at a recommendation for dev-test ratio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2011-11-14T08:35:24.233" LastActivityDate="2011-11-14T08:35:24.233" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1014" CreationDate="2011-06-08T09:01:08.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest to look at 3 layer test approach - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teknologika.com/blog/building-the-next-generation-of-automated-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.teknologika.com/blog/building-the-next-generation-of-automated-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teknologika.com/blog/implementing-the-braidy-testers-automation-stack/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.teknologika.com/blog/implementing-the-braidy-testers-automation-stack/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related Question - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5359150/question-selenium-web-test-automation-framework-best-practices&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5359150/question-selenium-web-test-automation-framework-best-practices&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T09:01:08.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1017" CreationDate="2011-06-08T11:03:50.733" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok Chrome is built on top of the WebKit open source engine that was first built by Apple for Safari. The first round of tests are run as part of that project, and they are documented  at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webkit.org/quality/testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.webkit.org/quality/testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The WebKit Tests Before patches can&#xA;land in any of the frameworks in the&#xA;repository, the layout regression&#xA;tests must pass. To run these tests,&#xA;execute the run-webkit-tests &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webkit.org/coding/scripts.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;script&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The script will dump the render trees&#xA;for all of the pages and diff the&#xA;results against the expected correct&#xA;results. If no differences are found,&#xA;then the patch has passed the tests.&#xA;If any tests fail, then the patch&#xA;cannot be committed until the&#xA;discrepancies in the tests are&#xA;resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression tests must be run on&#xA;Leopard, since the expected results&#xA;checked in were generated on Leopard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The JavaScriptCore Tests If you are&#xA;making changes to JavaScriptCore,&#xA;there is an additional test suite you&#xA;must run before landing changes. This&#xA;is the Mozilla JavaScript test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's covered by the JavaScript&#xA;tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The JavaScript tests cover the&#xA;functionality of the core JavaScript&#xA;engine. This includes the following&#xA;JavaScript objects: Arrays, Booleans, Dates, Functions, Global&#xA;Object, Math, Numbers, Objects, Regular&#xA;Expressions and Strings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, the JavaScript tests&#xA;cover parsing, lexical conventions,&#xA;expressions, statements, type&#xA;conversion, and exception handling.&#xA;How to run the tests Execute the&#xA;run-javascriptcore-tests script. The&#xA;script will run all the tests and&#xA;summarize how the results differ from&#xA;what is currently expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What just happened After all the test&#xA;runs have finished the results of&#xA;tests are saved to actual.html. The&#xA;script the compares these results from&#xA;your local tree against what is&#xA;expected to pass/fail from the tip of&#xA;tree. If there are any regressions&#xA;caused by your changes you'll be made&#xA;aware of them. If you fixed a bug that&#xA;caused an existing failure, you'll&#xA;also be made aware of what specific&#xA;test your fix affected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google then takes webkit, and builds it into Chrome, and runs a whole suite more tests which are documented here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dev.chromium.org/developers/testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dev.chromium.org/developers/testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an non-exhaustive&#xA;probably-outdated list of some of the&#xA;tests currently used by Chromium:&#xA;automated_ui_tests - Uses automation&#xA;like ui_tests, but runs on separate&#xA;reliability bots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;base_unittests - Tests the base module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;browser_tests - Tests the browser UI, but in the same&#xA;process rather than from a separate&#xA;process like the ui_tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;installer_unittests - Tests the&#xA;Chromium installer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;interactive_ui_tests - Uses automation&#xA;like ui_tests, but tests interactive&#xA;features like find-in-page and tab&#xA;dragging that need simulated user&#xA;events. These run on separate bots&#xA;where there is always a logged-in user&#xA;so the interactive events don't fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ipc_tests - Tests the IPC subsystem&#xA;for communication between browser,&#xA;renderer, and plugin processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;layout_tests - Part of WebKit. We run&#xA;these tests using test_shell (see&#xA;below). mini_installer_test - Tests&#xA;the mini installer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;net_perftests - Performance tests for the disk cache&#xA;and cookie storage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;net_unittests -&#xA;Tests the network module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;npapi_layout_test_plugin - A NPAPI&#xA;plugin used with the layout tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;npapi_test_plugin - A NPAPI plugin&#xA;used with the plugin_tests and&#xA;ui_tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;perf_tests - Tests&#xA;performance for some submodules -&#xA;JSON, Safe Browsing, URL parsing, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;plugin_tests - Tests the plugin&#xA;subsystem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;reliability_tests - Tests&#xA;to verify Chromium recovery after&#xA;hanging or crashing of renderers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;security_tests - A set of security&#xA;tests for Chromium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;selenium_tests - A&#xA;driver for running selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;startup_tests - Test startup&#xA;performance of Chromium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tab_switching_test - Test tab&#xA;switching functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test_chrome_plugin test_shell - Test&#xA;Shell is a standalone application for&#xA;running the renderer (WebKit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test_shell_tests - A collection of&#xA;tests within the Test Shell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ui_tests - Tests which launch Chromium in a separate process and control it&#xA;through Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ui_unittests - Unit tests for the /src/ui module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;unit_tests - The kitchen sink for unit&#xA;tests. These tests cover several&#xA;modules within Chromium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that is the testing that is done on every build of Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T11:03:50.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="358" CreationDate="2011-06-08T11:48:43.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While Dev-to-Test Ratio is an appealing concept due to its simplicity, it's a poor way to determine the size of your testing staff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no inherent preset relationship between development time and testing time.  And there's no inherent preset relationship between development/test staff ratio, and development/test time ratio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CASE 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose you had this new requirement: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Your product, which was never&#xA;  previously tested on Windows XP SP2,&#xA;  now must support that OS version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Development takes 1 day (Windows XP SP1 worked fine, they had to change some text in the &quot;System Requirements&quot; doc, but don't believe they have to do anything else)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you predict how long testing should take?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For some companies, they may take 1 day of casual testing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For other companies, they may take 6 months (perhaps they are in a regulated industry, and the cost of missing a bug is very high)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CASE 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose the company wanted to change their About box.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Replace the former text-only dialog, with a beautiful graphic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the developers aren't very good graphic artists, it takes them 3 days to learn the new graphics tool, 3 days of trial-and-error with the Marketing Department to make it look &quot;just right&quot;, and 2 days to get it integrated into the build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you predict how long it might take to test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In some shops, a Junior QAer might spend an hour or less checking it out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In other shops, since the new company logo is embedded in the graphic, and it must precisely match the new size and color specifications now required by Marketing, it might take longer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly, the time required to test something is contextual - it depends on factors that may have little or nothing to do with how long it took to develop that feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what counts as Development?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what counts as Testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we were going to perform regression testing anyway, does that count as &quot;zero&quot; additional testing hours?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/what-is-correct-ratio-of-development.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/what-is-correct-ratio-of-development.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To determine the proper staffing model, you must decide what your QA/Test staff will be expected to do and what they will not be expected to do.  You must determine what kind of schedule they will operate under.  You must determine what level of expertise (both technical and domain expertise) they will need to have.  You must determine what amount of outside help they will get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, think about what are the expectations of QA/Test, then let that guide your staffing decision, rather than blindly following a ratio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T11:48:43.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1028" CreationDate="2011-06-08T12:37:01.997" Score="13" ViewCount="1040" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the main points that should be included in a test strategy document for a particular project? I'm not looking at details but more from a high level overview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to make it a brief as possible to encourage as many people as possible in the organisation to read it and more importantly remember it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:38:20.267" Title="Test Strategy Documentation" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;strategy&gt;&lt;planning&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1027" CreationDate="2011-06-08T13:24:30.587" Score="10" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt; (This should be brief, something like why we test our applications and why it's important)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scope and limitations&lt;/strong&gt; of our Test platform &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resources&lt;/strong&gt; (Software ex Selenium, Test Scenarios, Links for tutorials) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Procedures&lt;/strong&gt; (How to register a bug or tests priority) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in general the documentation changes according to whom it is intended for, example a person in the Accounting dept. does not care about the testing so you should only present him the procedures chapter and even that should be very brief.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastEditorUserId="6037" LastEditDate="2013-12-29T09:37:20.897" LastActivityDate="2013-12-29T09:37:20.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1018" CreationDate="2011-06-08T13:25:08.437" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is this approach possible for java based web service as well, referring to requests from&#xA;  java clients ? Posting as HTTP requests in java, Any example pointers would be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java (and any other programming language/environment that can communicate over TCP/IP) can issue HTTP requests and receive HTTP responses.  See for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HttpClient&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the guidance / widely adopted approach for java based web services test automation ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java, as an object-oriented language, is an appropriate vehicle for modeling pages with Page Objects.  See for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://java.dzone.com/articles/selenium-2web-driver-land&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;.  Whether you use Page Objects is orthogonal to whether you use TestNG.  You could just as easily use Page Objects with JUnit, a test framework of your own design, or no test framework at all.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-08T14:09:12.253" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T14:09:12.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1027" CreationDate="2011-06-08T13:41:34.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's interesting that you mention it's important for as many people as possible in the organization to read and remember your test strategy.  I infer that by default, people will not read or remember your test strategy.  That tells me you want a document that is both instructive and persuasive.  If you want someone to read all the way to the end, you ought to start by telling them why they need read and remember it, i.e. why they should care.  If you're a powerful writer, it is possible that you can take something as -- let's be honest -- dry and uninspiring as a test strategy document and convince people it's important.  On the other hand, if you write on par with the rest of us, perhaps a leader in your organization needs to impress upon the team why the test strategy matters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Persuasion aside, I think you should cover the goals that the test strategy seeks to reach, the technology you intend to use, and the schedule you need to follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-08T14:08:11.487" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T14:08:11.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1031" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-08T15:04:39.737" Score="3" ViewCount="667" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea of using Scala to build unit tests for Java code has been thrown around.  People are making the claim that Unit tests would be less effort to write because there's less boilerplate.  In addition Scala, provides other &quot;features&quot; to provide &quot;better&quot; tests.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Has anyone gone through this evaluation, and can you explain the pros/cons of using Scala for Java unit testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user207" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T12:52:56.783" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T12:52:56.783" Title="Using Scala to build unit tests for Java?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1031" CreationDate="2011-06-08T15:27:35.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have a direct answer to your question, but perhaps you can infer some things about Scala-based testing from  my experience with Clojure -- another JVM-based language -- for testing against Java APIs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I definitely believe some languages are better for writing tests than others.  A lot of testing is about trying many variations of the same operation.  My experience is that the number of keystrokes necessary to express test variations is smaller in Clojure than in Java.  As you said, there's less boilerplate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since Clojure has a REPL, I can usually edit/run/debug tests without having to recompile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are downsides:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Our developers aren't interested in learning Clojure, so if a test breaks due to an API change, the onus is on me to fix it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Our developers are less likely to run my tests because if a test fails, they won't necessarily be able to read the code to figure out what the test was trying to do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are many more people with Java experience than Clojure experience, so when I recruit our next test automation person, I'll have to spend more effort on recruiting and/or training.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I leave the company someday, the odds are lower that my tests will still be useful because the Clojure expert will have left the building.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these are impediments.  Whether they are compelling enough to avoid coding tests in something other than the product's native language depends on the culture and expertise in your organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T15:27:35.240" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1027" CreationDate="2011-06-08T17:27:24.263" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://reqtest.com/testing-blog/how-to-write-a-test-plan-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this document based on IEEE-829&lt;/a&gt; and have used it for rough guidance, but remove categories that seem like overkill for my team or merge categories that seem similar.  Since I started doing this, I've received many compliments on the clarity of my test plans.  I use a wiki for documentation, which makes it easy for users to jump to the sections they care about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATED: Previous link no longer exists, so switched to a similar resource. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T00:38:20.267" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:38:20.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1034" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-08T17:30:46.070" Score="5" ViewCount="1528" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a product that defaults to a Java plugin to upload files, and then Silverlight after that if Java's not installed. There is a third fallback of a HTML 4 + JavaScript uploader, but I'd like to be able to automate the other two uploaders too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know if this is possible? Am I stuck with manual testing, or purchasing a product like TestComplete that could &quot;see&quot; the Java and Silverlight plugins?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="742" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T15:29:06.580" Title="Testing Java or Silverlight plugins embedded in a page using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1041" CreationDate="2011-06-08T19:35:00.240" Score="4" ViewCount="3060" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is some code which is just the simplest MVP project I could make.  How can I unit test the presenter using mock objects?  Does a mock object mean a completely made up object?  In this case, the presenter needs an instance of Form1, and Form1 inherits from the interface IForm1.  Does that mean I need to create fake duplicates of Form1 and IForm1 that are used to unit test my presenter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like I'm really close to understanding what's going on here, I really want to get my head around unit testing an MVP model, I think it will be greatly beneficial for the system I'm working on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Windows.Forms;&#xA;&#xA;namespace MVP_Testing {&#xA;    public partial class Form1 : Form, IForm1 {&#xA;        private Presenter p;&#xA;        public Form1() {&#xA;            InitializeComponent();&#xA;            p = new Presenter(this);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        #region Interface&#xA;        public string Value1 {&#xA;            get { return inputValue1.Text; }&#xA;        }&#xA;        public string Value2 {&#xA;            get { return inputValue2.Text; }&#xA;        }&#xA;        public string Result {&#xA;            set { textBoxResult.Text = value; }&#xA;        }&#xA;        #endregion&#xA;&#xA;        private void buttonCalculate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {&#xA;            p.DoCalculation();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public interface IForm1 {&#xA;        string Value1 { get; }&#xA;        string Value2 { get; }&#xA;        string Result { set; }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public class Presenter {&#xA;        private readonly IForm1 _iform1;&#xA;        public Presenter(IForm1 iform1) {&#xA;            _iform1 = iform1;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void DoCalculation() {&#xA;            int value1 = Convert.ToInt16(_iform1.Value1);&#xA;            int value2 = Convert.ToInt16(_iform1.Value2);&#xA;            _iform1.Result = (value1 * value2).ToString();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="717" LastActivityDate="2013-11-26T13:35:58.910" Title="Unit Testing The Presenter (in an MVP Context) Using Mock Objects?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1038" CreationDate="2011-06-08T20:23:29.640" Score="4" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I have a system composed of three classes: A,B,C that share certain dependencies.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To test A independently, I would need to create mock objects for B and C&#xA;To test B independently, I would need to create mock objects for A and C etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if I want to write tests for A, B, and C, I would need to create mock classes for each one of them.  Am I understanding this correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="717" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T14:15:48.397" Title="Do I Need To Create Mock Classes For Every Class?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1015" CreationDate="2011-06-08T20:25:26.727" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;My transcribed debugging session is below - the short answer is that Compare will fail if there are unaccepted revision changes in the comparison document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some clues and potential answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I reproduced the error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I made a copy of the first doc and compared it with itself – that worked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I made a copy of the second file and compared it with itself – that reproduced the command failed error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I tried comparing the docs from step3 (…observation.doc) manually from word. It worked, but I had to confirm that it was ok to compare against tracked changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on the above, I accepted all changes and saved the original doc, then reran the comparison – it worked!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So – it has something to do with the unaccepted changes to the doc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My final experiment was to take a simple doc, turn on track changes, make some edits, then save without accepting. I compared this doc with itself and reproduced the error (command failed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice: save the unaccepted changes before comparing (you can probably use Document.AcceptAllRevisions from the script if you want to).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T20:25:26.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1036" CreationDate="2011-06-08T20:38:48.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I interpret your example to mean A, B, and C are all interdependent, i.e. there are six edges in the dependency graph.  Before considering how to unit test such a design, you might ask yourself whether you really need that many dependencies.   It's a nice idea for a society but not for a code base.  A large number of interdependencies is a forbearer of brittle, hard-to-maintain code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-08T23:47:21.603" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T23:47:21.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1039" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-08T20:56:31.737" Score="7" ViewCount="19115" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on the test automation that uses WebDriver (Selenium 2) and Java.  The AUT is web-based application.  A modal dialog pops up that requires user authentication before the user can access the Web app's login page.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched extensively and am unable to get any working solution.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Relevant Search results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The following thread addresses &lt;em&gt;how to handle alerts and prompts&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=27&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=27&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following blog post attempts to address a few related issues:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumdeal.blogspot.com/2010/04/working-with-modal-dialogs-and-selenium.html&quot;&gt;http://seleniumdeal.blogspot.com/2010/04/working-with-modal-dialogs-and-selenium.html&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But neither of them provides an implemented solution to the problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What's happening:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When driver.get(&quot;login page&quot;) is executed, the browser attempts to open the page, but a modal dialog appears which asks for the user authentication (login &amp;amp; pwd).  The WebDriver keeps waiting until I manually authenticate or click Cancel.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The execution never goes to the next step.  So whatever I attempt after &quot;driver.get()&quot; is never executed until manual intervention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I am using Firefox 4  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; The blocker to all the solutions is to the following - &lt;em&gt;(from WebDriver's get() method's documentation: This is done using an HTTP GET operation, and the method will block until the load is complete&lt;/em&gt; for driver.get().  Due to this block, the control of execution never goes to the next step i.e. Any statement written after the driver.get() will not get executed until load is complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2011-06-08T22:15:23.447" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T09:20:58.267" Title="How do I handle the login modal dialog created by onLoad in a WebDriver &amp; Java based test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1039" CreationDate="2011-06-08T21:01:15.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a java.awt.Robot class for interacting with non-HTML dialogs.  I've used that for dealing with file dialogs and download dialogs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T21:01:15.933" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1035" CreationDate="2011-06-08T21:19:38.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To do the mocking you should use a mocking framework, there are plenty of good ones to choose from such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://hibernatingrhinos.com/open-source/rhino-mocks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RhinoMock&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/moq/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Moq&lt;/a&gt;, this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37359/what-c-mocking-framework-to-use&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; on stack-overflow mentions all the good mocking frameworks. Choose one that best fits your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following example is how I would do this using RhinoMocks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void CorrectResult()&#xA;{&#xA;    //setup the mock object&#xA;    var mockedView = MockRepository.GenerateMock&amp;lt;IForm1&amp;gt;();&#xA;    mockedView.Expect(view =&amp;gt; view.Value1).Return(&quot;2&quot;);&#xA;    mockedView.Expect(view =&amp;gt; view.Value2).Return(&quot;3&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    //make the call to do the calculation&#xA;    var p = new Presenter(mockedView);&#xA;    p.DoCalculation();&#xA;&#xA;    //check that the Result property was set to 6&#xA;    mockedView.AssertWasCalled(view =&amp;gt; view.Result = &quot;6&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T21:19:38.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1036" CreationDate="2011-06-08T22:06:41.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is yes, but this is often overkill. Ideally your application should have been programmed to interfaces and you should be able to &lt;strong&gt;choose&lt;/strong&gt; to mock out the interfaces that allow you to test components independently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T22:06:41.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1039" CreationDate="2011-06-08T22:06:53.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use a &lt;strong&gt;waitfortextpresent&lt;/strong&gt; command  in selenium IDE in similar cases.  so that it will wait for a text on the modal dialog and enter the credentials on that. Perhaps a similar command might  help in webdriver &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastEditorUserId="635" LastEditDate="2011-06-09T19:52:58.943" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T19:52:58.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1047" CreationDate="2011-06-08T22:18:22.900" Score="4" ViewCount="1932" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some suggestions on how to deal with a slight timing issue that I am having with two controls on a page.  I have a list box that contains up to 10 items, however the contents of the box can change depending on what characters are entered into the search box.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;I enter zi into the search box and the list box will begin to populate Zimmerman...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trouble that I am running into is that there is enough of a delay between entering the text and when I use WatiN to click the button to change the view to that of the top item in the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here is what I currently have in my &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            browser.Page&amp;lt;AVDashboardPage&amp;gt;().SearchBox.TypeText(&quot;zi&quot;);&#xA;            browser.Page&amp;lt;AVDashboardPage&amp;gt;().ChangeActBtn.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am considering doing is to simply write a small method in the AVDashboard page class that contains a small delay.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void EnterSearchTextWithDelay(string searchText)&#xA;    {&#xA;        SearchBox.TypeText(searchText);&#xA;        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(200);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose I could also do it by adding a while loop that would look in the listbox for a corresponding element but I worry that could be pretty slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my method ended up looking like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void EnterSearchTextWithDelay(string searchText)&#xA;{&#xA;    SearchBox.TypeText(searchText);&#xA;    int counter = 0;&#xA;    while(!AccountList.Text.Contains(searchText) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; counter &amp;lt; 50)&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10);&#xA;        counter++;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2011-06-09T17:15:31.023" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T21:03:26.627" Title="How to deal with a dynamically populating list box with WatiN" Tags="&lt;watin&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1044" CreationDate="2011-06-08T22:40:25.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather than using sleep, you should check for the element in the listbox, you might think this is the slow approach, but you will have a more reliable test, which will save you time in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just make sure you remember to have a timeout in the loop in case the item for some reason never exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T22:40:25.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1027" CreationDate="2011-06-08T23:19:21.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say why only create a document. You can create a mind map or a any other visual representation of what are you trying to convey. Its a nice way to get your message across and won't cost you any words at all.&#xA;I have used test strategy to communicate in essence, only the following things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you plan to do ?&#xA;How you are going to do it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am able to answer these questions, atleast in my head I am clear what needs to be done. To communicate it to others should not be that hard once you have figured it out.&#xA;Create just enough documentation to avoid any waste and so that you can keep it updated. Test startegy will evolve over time like your AUT and creating comprehensive documentation could be a overkill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T23:19:21.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1044" CreationDate="2011-06-08T23:35:08.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sleeps should be used sparingling in an automated test because they halt execution for the given period of time. A much better solution to help control race conditions or sync problems in a test is to use a polling loop similar to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int pollCount = 0;&#xA;while (listbox_element_not_found &amp;amp;&amp;amp; pollCount &amp;lt; maxPollCount) &#xA;{&#xA;  System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10);&#xA;  pollCount++;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course if you timeout of the loop you probably want to branch with an if statement and mark the test as inconclusive to investigate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest that instead of looking for an element in a listbox (esp. since the list items change) that if the ChangeActBtn is 'grayed' while the listbox is being populated you craft a polling loop that detects when the button control changes its enabled property from false to true (if the dev's gray the button while the list is being populated).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, this latter approach makes the test more robust because you are not tied to matching a specific element in a listbox, and also improves design because essentially it is clicking the button &quot;too soon&quot; that is causing the sync issue between your test and the AUT so this hinges test execution on the button control and not on the listbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-06-08T23:35:08.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1044" CreationDate="2011-06-09T04:00:10.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the list is being pulled dynamically via AJAX as text is being typed, you can implement a WaitForAsyncPostbackToComplete to wait for the list to completely populate before selecting and clicking the button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can look at the following &lt;a href=&quot;http://richallen.blogspot.com/2008/08/watin-ajax-and-some-extension-methods.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt; for the code to implement the WaitForAsyncPostbackToComplete method. This will reduce your wait time to the bare minimum and ensure stability of the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="745" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T04:00:10.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="358" CreationDate="2011-06-09T06:15:40.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another factor to consider is in what stage the project is.&#xA;Legacy projects, where only bug fixes or relatively new small features are being added, requires less testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T06:15:40.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1044" CreationDate="2011-06-09T07:32:56.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer really depends on the implementation of the dynamic load&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using jQuery then you can implement something like this solution from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2375709/how-to-wait-for-jquery-ajax-requests-to-complete-from-watin&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2375709/how-to-wait-for-jquery-ajax-requests-to-complete-from-watin&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static class BrowserExtensions&#xA;{&#xA;    public static void WaitForAjaxRequest( this Browser browser )&#xA;    {&#xA;        int timeWaitedInMilliseconds = 0;&#xA;        var maxWaitTimeInMilliseconds = Settings.WaitForCompleteTimeOut*1000;&#xA;&#xA;        while ( browser.IsAjaxRequestInProgress()&#xA;                &amp;amp;&amp;amp; timeWaitedInMilliseconds &amp;lt; maxWaitTimeInMilliseconds )&#xA;        {&#xA;            Thread.Sleep( Settings.SleepTime );&#xA;            timeWaitedInMilliseconds += Settings.SleepTime;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static bool IsAjaxRequestInProgress( this Browser browser )&#xA;    {&#xA;        var evalResult = browser.Eval( &quot;watinAjaxMonitor.isRequestInProgress()&quot; );&#xA;        return evalResult == &quot;true&quot;;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void InjectAjaxMonitor( this Browser browser )&#xA;    {&#xA;        const string monitorScript =&#xA;            @&quot;function AjaxMonitor(){&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;var ajaxRequestCount = 0;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            + &quot;$(document).ajaxStart(function(){&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;    ajaxRequestCount++;&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;});&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            + &quot;$(document).ajaxComplete(function(){&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;    ajaxRequestCount--;&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;});&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            + &quot;this.isRequestInProgress = function(){&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;    return (ajaxRequestCount &amp;gt; 0);&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;};&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;}&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            + &quot;var watinAjaxMonitor = new AjaxMonitor();&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        browser.Eval( monitorScript );&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution is for the ajax control toolkit, which I s based on this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2375709/how-to-wait-for-jquery-ajax-requests-to-complete-from-watin&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            bool isInPostback = true;&#xA;            while (isInPostback)&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                // the exception is to handle if the page does not have the ajax control toolkit code ready and loaded&#xA;                try&#xA;                {&#xA;                    // This line of code calls javascript in browser to execute the ajax toolkit's&#xA;                    // get_isInAsyncPostBack method&#xA;                    isInPostback = Convert.ToBoolean(_ie.Eval(&quot;Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager.getInstance().get_isInAsyncPostBack();&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;                catch (WatiN.Core.Exceptions.JavaScriptException e)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    if (e.Message == &quot;TypeError: 'Sys' is undefined&quot;)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        isInPostback = false;&#xA;                        break;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    else&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        throw;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                // This exception is being thrown when running under impersonation&#xA;                // I think the eval needs an impersonation call first&#xA;                catch (WatiN.Core.Exceptions.RunScriptException scriptException)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    Debug.Print(scriptException.Message);&#xA;                    isInPostback = false;&#xA;                }&#xA;                if (isInPostback)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    //sleep for 200ms and query again  &#xA;                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(200);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T07:32:56.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="972" CreationDate="2011-06-09T07:39:10.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below option is also one possible soultion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Generate client proxy class for the WCF Web service&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using VSTT - Data Driven Test Approach for running tests with different test data - &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182527.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182527.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For .NET 2.0 testing i have used VSTT for web service testing. It is pretty simple&#xA;Creating a Data-Driven Web Test against a Web Service - &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/slange/archive/2008/05/23/creating-a-data-driven-web-test-against-a-web-service.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/slange/archive/2008/05/23/creating-a-data-driven-web-test-against-a-web-service.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T07:39:10.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1052" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1056" CreationDate="2011-06-09T16:59:57.997" Score="28" ViewCount="6675" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was having a discussion with a fellow developer and we were talking about QA practices. I was thinking that code review would be a QA practice because you're not making anything, but rather are inspecting it. He said it's part of the development process because it deals directly with the code, not just functionality or abstract concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see his point of view, and now it has me thinking: code reviews are PEER reviews - they should be done by other developers (or at the very least, someone with significant development experience.) So I could easily see how it would be classified as part of the development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had two teams, a development team and a QA team, would it be appropriate to have the QA team do code reviews instead of the development team? Or perhaps in addition to the development team? Does it differ from firm to firm? Is it just a matter of semantics?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-06-09T17:11:54.843" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T08:16:05.650" Title="Are code reviews considered part of QA?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-09T17:37:35.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA (Quality Assurance) is a buzzword that, depending upon your environment could mean multiple things.  In some sites, QA is equivalent to the software testers and their duties.  In sites with this usage of QA, then no, code reviews are not part of the QA process because they are executed by developers against developer code and does not involve the software testing group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other sites, QA is a group that is separate from both developers and software testers as a group that over-sees all parts of the development process that are put in place to manage and assure a quality product.  In this case, code reviews are a QA process because the QA group monitors and makes sure that code reviews are executed at the appropriate time.  They do not do the code reviews themselves, but it is a QA task that is executed by developers to satisfy QA criteria for the SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T17:37:35.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-09T17:46:22.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the organization.  There are some conditions that need to be met in order for a code review to be effective.  Obviously, the reviewer needs to be skillful at reading code and identifying potential problems.  Less obvious but just as important, the reviewer and the developer need to have a rapport that fosters constructive criticism.  If those conditions are not met, a code review could be a waste of time, or even worse, a destructive process that damages working relationships.  The constructive pairing of a reviewer with a developer might be within the dev group or between QA and dev; it just depends on the organization and the individuals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-09T18:23:09.363" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T18:23:09.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1058" CreationDate="2011-06-09T18:07:36.103" Score="63" ViewCount="16934" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have passed the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/foundation-level/foundation-level-in-a-nutshell.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;foundation level exam&lt;/a&gt;, and to be honest, I'm pretty sure that anyone could pass that exam with a couple of days of studying. My question is are these certificates really of value to my career and should I put any effort into acquiring the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/expert-level/expert-level-in-a-nutshell.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;more advanced levels&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T11:42:20.487" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:19:12.413" Title="Do ISTQB/ISEB Testing Certificates prove that someone can test?" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="21" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-09T18:11:48.253" Score="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone can perform code reviews. In my experience, I've found big benefits in having &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; dev and test perform code reviews - testers tend to look at code differently than developers (just as they look at functionality and features with a slightly different lens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a higher level, software creation is a collaborative process - I suggest worrying less about who does what, and more about &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; the work gets done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote a paper about my test team's experiences with code reviews &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/Articles/A%20testers%20approach%20to%20code%20reviews.pdf&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T18:11:48.253" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-09T18:27:25.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think we will have considerable benefit if QA team is technically sound. I am quoting from my experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing the system as black box - You will be focussing on user scenarios, covering maximum end user scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By knowing the implementation details / methods - I was able to focus more on logging aspects, how the system works, where it can possibly fail. With a mix of black box and some white box testing would be a right mix&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA team may not review coding guidelines or provide technical suggestions but they can definetely raise the point - How does the system behave in this particular scenario ? Will failure be logged for this particular scenario ? How does retry logic work here ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not code review I would atleast expect QA team to be part of design reviews&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T18:27:25.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-09T18:31:57.120" Score="52" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Value to career&quot; is a tough thing to call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have a certification, and as far as I know, I've never hired anyone with a certification.  That could be due to my location, or just a coincidence, or could be a point demonstrating their lack of value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do know that I've never considered ISTQB/ISEB Certification of any value while reviewing candidates' resumes or during interviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the question in the title of your post: &lt;strong&gt;No.  Testing Certificates do not prove that someone can test.&lt;/strong&gt;  They only prove that the individual can pass the certification exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T05:10:18.387" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T05:10:18.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-09T18:43:20.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had this conversation with numerous developers, testers, and managers.  You are right when you say that code reviews are actually PEER reviews.  I personally consider these primarily a developer activity (the same reason why I often share my test strategies and cases with other testers before the rest of the team).  In my own experience however, the peer review tends to be part of the entrance criteria before being promoted to a test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This being said, there is considerable benefit to having a tester/QA Analyst available during the code review.  We aren't constantly looking at the code itself and can sometimes ask why a piece of code was written one way and not another (also a great learning experience for us).  This is also a great time to have someone maybe point out some business logic that the developer may wasn't aware of or didn't think of.  It's easier for everyone if more bugs are caught at this stage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to all of this though, I second Alan's response about software development being a collaborative effort.  Don't limit yourself to only developers or QA's.  If there's a BA/PM/UAT/anyone else who could understand parts of the code an maybe have some good input, don't exclude them, but don't make it so large that it can't be done relatively quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T18:43:20.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-09T18:51:36.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience gained in working across multiple projects / domains is totally different from theoritically reading and passing the exam&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Certification might get some initial attention to shortlist the candidate but overall it is the quality of the candidate that speaks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Answer is 'NO' &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T18:51:36.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-09T18:52:19.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never even mentioned these certifications to any prospective candidate, nor have I been ever asked.  These certifications have been able to thrive so much, maybe because of lack of formal education for the field of Quality Assurance.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe these come handy when you are applying for a QA/tester job in non-technological industry where the hiring managers do not have substantial technological skills or experience and the certificates can help them filter the candidates.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These certificates, maybe prove that someone knows the basics of testing - fundamentals and definitions, which might be beneficial at the start of the career.  It might help getting a job initially, but is not a quality metrics for the ability to test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, ROI is a totally different argument.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T18:52:19.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-09T19:06:54.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Theoretically, it depends on the ability of the individual QA.  If the QA reviewing the code has the ability to test the application without any bias created by his/her detailed knowledge of the implementation, great!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realistically, if the QA is reviewing the code, he/she is looking at the implementation details.  Too much knowledge of how the code is implemented can create a strong bias.  One of the strengths of a QA is the ability to combine the knowledge of business and technology and see if there is a good balance achieved.  An equivalent question may be 'Should QA be part of the team that defines business requirements?'  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been a part of both the environments, and personally feel code review is better not the part of QA.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T19:06:54.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="803" CreationDate="2011-06-09T19:08:14.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also check tool - TST - TSQL Test Tool. Tool is available in codeplex  &lt;a href=&quot;http://tst.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tst.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For DB test automation below parameters pass for TST - TSQL unit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to run suite of test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to run individual test case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Handling Assertions without any extra coding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Driven Testing can be implemented; this approach involves QA writing TSQL Code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-08-02T18:06:55.413" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T18:06:55.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="300" CreationDate="2011-06-09T19:16:30.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good Reads&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scribd.com/doc/45836192/Agile-Testing-Techniques-Slides-Agile-Atlanta-12-2010&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.scribd.com/doc/45836192/Agile-Testing-Techniques-Slides-Agile-Atlanta-12-2010&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.scrumpad.com/2008/11/7-practices-to-agile-qa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.scrumpad.com/2008/11/7-practices-to-agile-qa.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T19:16:30.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1068" CreationDate="2011-06-09T19:21:21.883" Score="16" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an transitioning agile environment, if there was no Test Driven Development (no unit tests created), should you create unit tests to catch up on technical debt?  and to what extent?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should they cover every little feature, or more of a happy path style?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="8709" LastEditDate="2019-11-27T03:33:21.853" LastActivityDate="2019-11-27T07:13:14.507" Title="If I didn't use TDD but want to transition to agile, should I go back and create those unit tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-06-09T19:32:34.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked in VSTT and did performance testing for OLTP application. VSTT has good information and articles on web testing, load testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/edglas/visual-studio-performance-testing-quick-reference-guide-version-2-0-published&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Studio Performance Testing Quick Reference Guide (Version 2.0) Published&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/jmeier/performance-testing-videos-posted-to-codeplex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Testing Videos Posted to CodePlex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2021-04-21T04:30:47.020" LastActivityDate="2021-04-21T04:30:47.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="803" CreationDate="2011-06-09T19:36:21.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Should I use a separated database to run unit tests?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes!  Effective testing requires control of the environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T19:36:21.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1065" CreationDate="2011-06-09T19:37:41.070" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that you go back and do those unit tests when you are required to refactor that area of legacy code. The approach for do this is described in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/996/230&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are working with legacy code with no unit tests, its the same principle and techniques to add them regardless if you are doing TDD or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I highly recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/996/230&quot;&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T08:39:57.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1065" CreationDate="2011-06-09T19:41:11.420" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;No.  It's too late for the tests to affect the design, so you can't get the major benefit of TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you can do, however, is to write tests as you work on the code.  Say you've got a method that's too long.  Write a test of a little piece of it, assuming that little piece had been extracted into a new method.  Now extract that method.  Or say a bug report comes in; this is an opportunity to improve your design (and incidentally your test coverage).  Write a regression test that demonstrates the bug.  Study your code to understand the root cause of the bug.  Now write a good unit test that expresses how that root cause &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; be behaving.  Make that test pass, and if you did it right, the regression test will be passing, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TDD tests really need to happen (a) in advance of; and (b) very close in time to the code that they are testing.  So accept that it's too late to retrofit your code &quot;for the sake of TDD&quot;; just get into the habit.  With the practices outlined above, the code that needs the tests will get them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="724" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T19:41:11.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-09T20:19:33.743" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't hire someone based on a QA certification, but I wouldn't hold it against them either.  In a tight job market, a person might try a lot of things to make themselves more marketable.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T20:19:33.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-09T22:00:32.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code review belongs to the &lt;b&gt;Static Testing&lt;/b&gt; category which is very much a part of QA activities. It is the only available method that enables &lt;strong&gt;early finding of bugs&lt;/strong&gt; in the SDLC. It evaluates the sanity of the code and algorithm without any actual execution on the computer and hence the name &quot;Static&quot; testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that it would be highly profitable to the organization if the QA syncs up with the DEV in the below review activities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements review&lt;br&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feasibility review&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review screen layout against standards&lt;br&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyze program’s control and data flow&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Existential check of the features expected as a part of the product&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2011-06-09T22:34:42.397" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T22:34:42.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-09T22:01:35.630" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Judge for yourself: scan the ads and see what % mention certification and what % require it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISTQB certification shows that you mastered some common body of knowledge and glossary. For me it is a nice-to-have sort of thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="751" LastActivityDate="2011-06-09T22:01:35.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-09T23:34:47.820" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am aware of the current &quot;certification is evil&quot; line going through the software testing community.  I have to say that, I don't agree with this line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As user246 mentioned, people do occasionally attain this certification to be more marketable.  People also often sometimes take this certification early in their careers in the hopes of learning more.  Certainly not going to hold it against them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To your question, Certification does not prove that someone knows how to test.  They can show that you have learned a set of &quot;common&quot; terms and ideas.  They may even teach someone some of the basics of testing, however, really good testing can only be learned through experience, practice, and personal retrospectives as to what they actually learned while they were testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to put the time and money into them, I certainly wouldn't begrudge you for having them if I happened to be interviewing you, I've often contemplated the same thing myself.  There are managers, however, who feel that certification is a requirement.  In this case, if you are in a very competitive market, it could very well help give you a one-up over another candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:17:04.010" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:17:04.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-10T06:02:43.850" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does it mean you can test?  As has already been stated above several times, certainly not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it help?  I can't really think of any situations where it would be a negative (at the worst,  a non-factor maybe), so it certainly can't affect your employability - which, let's face it, is a rather important part of the &quot;software testing career&quot; experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a personal note, I gained the ISTQB Foundation cert back in 2009, and it was one of the reasons my resume wasn't thrown in the bin (and for me giving an interview etc).  So I can't categorically state that it helps in that regard, but on the other hand, I was thrown into an environment where I lost my bearings for the first few months and didn't apply a lot of the knowledge I'd acquired (both through previous job experience and the cert), so in that way, it didn't prove that I could test at all.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luckily they were patient with me...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="115" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:19:12.413" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:19:12.413" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-10T06:49:24.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having ISTQB certifcation doesn't make you an experienced person. It just add's weightage to your resume when you are switching to another company. In few cases it helps a person who is planning to shift altogether to a new country for ex: If you are working in india and looking for a job in USA or any European countries it helps you in finding a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T06:49:24.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-10T08:04:33.107" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Education is an admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that nothing worth knowing can be taught - Oscar Wilde&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the effort you make to acquire certifications in the field of software testing in it's current form would encourage you to read more relevant stuff related to testing and you firmly believe that is going to help you think critically about the craft; I would say go for it. Inversely you can spend the same effort in becoming good at what you do by interacting and participating in different forums/activities related to testing outside your work. It largely depends on the person. if he needs to have a motivation (in someone's case it can be a certificate) to evolve as a professional, there is no harm in doing what you think is right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that I still feel that the certification programs currently available hardly inspire you to enhance your cognitive and creative skills and probably also in providing any solid practical lessons on how to evolve as a professional tester. You could invest your time, effort and money in better things such as books on programming, testing, development, psychology, critical thinking, systems thinking, etc. and read them instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your long term career would be a sum of what you have learned and helped others learn by doing some inspiring work on the field rather than how many medals you have managed to put on the wall. For a specific job, there is a possibility that you manage with short-cuts, but if we speak of a career then it's much more than mere certificates and citations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:18:35.113" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:18:35.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1001" CreationDate="2011-06-10T08:25:56.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;SoftTest Webinar: Testing a SaaS (Software as a Service) Platform in an Agile World&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blog.sogeti.ie/2010/04/softtest-webinar-testing-saas-software.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.blog.sogeti.ie/2010/04/softtest-webinar-testing-saas-software.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Important takeaway from the presentation - Application related security (SQL Injections, Cross Side Scripting), Infrastructure related (Disaster recovery mechanism, Latency (Network, Data Transfer, Load balancing, Remote Monitoring)). Related Read - &lt;a href=&quot;http://highscalability.com/blog/2009/7/25/latency-is-everywhere-and-it-costs-you-sales-how-to-crush-it.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://highscalability.com/blog/2009/7/25/latency-is-everywhere-and-it-costs-you-sales-how-to-crush-it.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;SaaS Testing Overview - Foundation&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/ramgarg/saa-s-testingoverviewppt-5072671&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.slideshare.net/ramgarg/saa-s-testingoverviewppt-5072671&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Please check CloudTest Lite - cloud based free tool for performance testing web apps (http://www.soasta.com/info-center/press-releases/cloudtest-lite-edition-announcement/)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developing Test Expertise in cloud based apps is different from traditional test approach. Particularly, How much load cloud can scale up is the key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it Helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2011-09-30T03:28:55.847" LastActivityDate="2011-09-30T03:28:55.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2011-06-10T08:32:04.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When to Automate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functionality of Feature is Tested &amp;amp; Stable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Case of Frequent Builds, Regression Testing of this feature would reduce test execution time &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have required skill / time available to automate &amp;amp; maintain. You have a Automation Framework in place (configurable, Rerunnable ,Data Driven, Continious Integration, Scheduling)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When Not to Automate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature is not stable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature is changed in every build. A/B testing experiments are done on the feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No time / resource available for automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project is in sustenace mode / End of Life. There is no tangible ROI from Automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, Please check article Automation Testing versus Manual Testing Guidelines&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://saraford.net/2005/02/07/automation-testing-versus-manual-testing-guidelines/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://saraford.net/2005/02/07/automation-testing-versus-manual-testing-guidelines/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I referred this article long back. Article provides good clarity on Automation guidelines&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2011-11-14T08:33:13.547" LastActivityDate="2011-11-14T08:33:13.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2011-06-10T09:14:47.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have your looked at VSTT - Microsoft Test Tool. VSTT 2010 should be a good bet if you are looking for functional test automation. Web Services Testing, UI testing, BizTalk testing and Data Driven Testing Support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please look at&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee338734(v=vs.90).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;VSTT&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/edglas/visual-studio-performance-testing-quick-reference-guide-version-2-0-published&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Studio Performance Testing Quick Reference Guide (Version 2.0) Published&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/mathew_aniyan/content-index-for-coded-ui-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coded UI Test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/mathew_aniyan/data-driving-coded-ui-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Data Driving Coded UI Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2021-02-25T04:25:34.363" LastActivityDate="2021-02-25T04:25:34.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2011-06-10T10:20:10.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a great question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everyone is responsible. Dev - Test - Support - UAT. Instead of identifying who has missed, We need to look at&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why it is missed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What should we learn from it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it Repetitive / Permanent fix in terms of process change / Checklist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For the Developer - Identify Design Review Process / Unit Test cases which were missing and led to this issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For QA - Knowledge Gap / Missing Test Cases / Root Cause of missing the issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest use of orthogonal defect classification to identify the phase bug was introduced (design/ coding/ code review changes/ data issue / integration test issue /boundary cases). Next step is to fix the process / checkpoint for that phase/ identify lessons moving forward. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advantage here is actual phase where bug was injected is also identified plus additional checkpoints can be added to identify/uncover it before code is deployed in production (UAT/Test)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.research.ibm.com/softeng/ODC/DETODC.HTM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.research.ibm.com/softeng/ODC/DETODC.HTM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chillarege.com/articles/odc-concept&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.chillarege.com/articles/odc-concept&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2011-11-14T08:22:58.340" LastActivityDate="2011-11-14T08:22:58.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="945" CreationDate="2011-06-10T10:32:32.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check article &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Quality Metrics:The complete picture - &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.infostretch.com/?p=56&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.infostretch.com/?p=56&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metrics for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Case Execution Time - Per Build/ Per Module&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defects Metrics (Defects Identified in QA Phase Vs Defects Identified after QA (UAT/Prod)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resource based metrics - Effort Spent / Percentage of work completed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T10:32:32.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1084" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-10T10:34:26.437" Score="6" ViewCount="318" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you design a test scenario or even when you run your tests and you stumble to lack of specifications from your marketing Dept. should you bypass them and take the initiative of making your own specs, or should you delay the deployment till you get a definite answer? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T22:29:05.420" Title="Workflow shortcut to meet the release deadline" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-10T11:00:21.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, a testing certificate doesn't prove you can test. Having said that, I have sat (and passed) the ISEB Foundation and Intermediate levels and the ISTQB Advanced Test Analyst.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each of those I read a bunch of books and articles, then paid to sit the exam. It was definitely worth reading the books - I learned some useful things. I think it was just about worth sitting the exams (about £120 each), it's possible that it will give me an edge at some point when applying for a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T11:00:21.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1084" CreationDate="2011-06-10T11:33:47.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The QA process does include requirements / specs review (feasibility review, standards review etc) but a QA specialist should not be involved in the actual gathering / creation of the requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, it's also not a very good idea to assign the process to a marketing dept., marketing people should of course generate ideas but those ideas should then be transformed / translated to specs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to answer your question: Initiative is good, but overstepping the boundaries of your job description is probably not. QA skills may be closer to what's required than marketing skills, but still not close enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That of course is a generic view, and it may not apply to your specific situation. The &quot;best man / woman for the job&quot; principle transcends department titles and if you strongly feel that you can better the process (and can prove it to the decision makers), then what you should do is involve yourself in the process in an official role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirements / specs are too important to the creative process, and its crucial to not let them become a bottleneck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user631" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T11:33:47.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1084" CreationDate="2011-06-10T11:36:17.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Getting clarification on specifications should be the correct move in my opinion.  Consider what will happen if you choose your own specs; you could spend a considerable amount of time going in a direction that may turn out to be entirely different than what the business had in mind.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="301" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T11:36:17.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1084" CreationDate="2011-06-10T12:19:19.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We never start with clearly written, complete, unambiguous, mutually-consistent specifications, and sometimes we start with nothing but an untested product.  You can't test without some kind of model of what the product should be.  You should ask yourself how important it is for your model to match the model in the heads of the rest of the company, and your answer should drive how you proceed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I read whatever is written down, if anything, and draw a diagram of the product's entities, relationships, inputs, outputs, and constraints, in as much detail as I think I need in order to test.  As I draw the diagram, I run into things I don't know.  I make a list of questions, and when the list is long enough, I ask people until I find the answers.  The final result isn't a specification, but it is enough to drive a test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T12:19:19.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1084" CreationDate="2011-06-10T12:19:52.937" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should talk to your marketing department and understand why they have no specification for that particular area and explain to them why it is important for specification to exist and that there cannot be any short-cutting in this area. You may find out that they lacked resources or were unsure about this area. Regardless of the reason you can help them out and you can &lt;strong&gt;both together&lt;/strong&gt; write the specification for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not a great believer in something being outside someone's job description, if there is something that needs done and you can help, then you should. A project will run smoother if you have this mentality. Just because you are in QA doesn't mean that you cant help out in roles outside your own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you choose not to write a specification and you are going to document the test cases for this area, then these tests will essentially be the specification. It's is worth getting the marketing guys involved here to make sure that what you are testing is correct and the behaviour you have assumed is correct . Do not create the test cases on your own, you don't own the product and cannot make these decision of how the product should behave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T12:19:52.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2011-06-10T12:24:50.527" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please find my perspective&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Junior QA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follows defined QA Process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepares Bugs Reports, Status Reporting with all relavant information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manages and updates automation suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Willingess to learn, passionate about QA role&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Senior QA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Self Organized&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Challenges the Environment, Raise testing standards by experimenting new processes/Adopting new Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aware of Test Automation Framework Design and Development &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sound Technical Skills &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selfless - Volunteers/mentors team in terms of process/sharing best practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actively involves/drives meaningful discussions and implements best practices  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Takes calculated risks and delivers products meeting quality bar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T12:24:50.527" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-06-10T12:24:50.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="853" CreationDate="2011-06-10T13:16:52.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a little bit of a long shot, but since this thread doesn't seem to be going  anywhere... Usually, when Selenium has problems clicking on things in IE it is because the Zoom Level is not at 100%.                           &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="216" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T13:16:52.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-10T13:27:16.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have also have been on the foundation course and feel that it presented no gain in my career. The course however would have been of great help when I had first started my career as a software tester. It highlights some of the basic techniques that can be applied and tries to put the concepts behind testing into perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure that &quot;anyone&quot; could pass this test and as it is only a 3 day course then I would not expect it to be too difficult. If you are looking to see what the next level's in the course teach then I am sure that they have books available that will inform you of what the course contains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1906124132&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing: An ISEB Intermediate Certificate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="369" LastEditorUserId="230" LastEditDate="2011-06-10T17:43:31.427" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T17:43:31.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-06-10T13:29:48.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well... No, in my opinion the ISTQB Foundation level certification does not guarantee that you can test. Learning the specifics of the job requires practice, depth of knowledge, experience, etc. ISTQB preparation teaches you basic terminology. Processes and even testing techniques are not covered well...&#xA;Anyway, think about it that way: &quot;ISTQB does not guarantee that you cannot test&quot;. :))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T13:29:48.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1094" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-10T16:23:23.320" Score="15" ViewCount="77079" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used to use vTask Studio, but it seems they've abandoned it. No updates in almost a year.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is there are any other automation tool for Windows GUI testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="742" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T13:33:31.923" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T13:33:31.923" Title="Best free (or very cheap) automation tool for Windows GUI testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="13" ClosedDate="2016-12-31T01:10:50.900" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2011-06-10T16:33:21.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask.  I'm very happy with it.&#xA;I've used AutoIT in the past, and I know lots of folks who still do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you refine your requirements beyond (cheap, Windows GUI), you may get more precise answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T16:33:21.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2011-06-10T17:30:54.717" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Windows has the built in &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms726294%28VS.85%29.aspx&quot;&gt;Windows Automation API&lt;/a&gt; available. Depending on what you want to do, it could get a little hairy using the APIs.  The &lt;a href=&quot;http://testapi.codeplex.com&quot;&gt;TestAPI&lt;/a&gt; project has some nice wrappers around UIAutomation to simplify the model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2441" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T17:30:54.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-10T18:26:31.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often the answer can only be - It depends...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;Code Review&quot; itself is a broad brush. It can include the fairly simple &quot;Does this code smell?&quot; check all the way to a highly detailed analysis of a hard real time system? It could even be an architectural review by another name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will also depend on the ego's in the teams. Some developers would consider it a supreme insult that a QA should review their code, whilst there are some QA's out there who while amazing at their role would run away at the sight of a try-catch block.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However after all that equivocating, yes there is a role for QA and others to be involved in a &quot;code review&quot;. I would certainly advocate QA's / Testers get involved with reviewing the unit tests. Some developers need more help in this area than others. By helping them understand unit testing and write better tests you help yourself as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="758" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T18:26:31.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-10T19:46:47.167" Score="4" ViewCount="370" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're working on an Android game (a port) for a professional game studio. We have internal QA who've done a great job testing the app on multiple devices but we'd still like to expand feedback more before releasing (Android's device landscape is HUGE.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find out what tools/information there is on setting up a private beta? The things we're looking for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send users a link via email to a site where they can download/install the app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When users are sent to the site they enter a key via email, agree to terms, &amp;amp; receive the download link.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The site should prompt each user for specs on their testing device &amp;amp; environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the user runs the app for a while the app reminds them to report their findings back to the site (so it needs a direct link to the feedback page.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On return to the site the user fills out a survey of questions for feedback on the experience.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone offer suggestions for tools/packages that meet these criteria? (Free or Commercial, doesn't matter.) Has anyone done this before and have insight or suggestions they can pass along?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="686" LastEditorUserId="686" LastEditDate="2011-06-10T21:01:29.860" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T07:18:56.047" Title="How does one set up a Private By-Invite Beta Site for Android Apps?" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-06-10T19:52:47.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been in places where QA did not participate in code reviews, and in some where QA did participate, in many places there were different goals that were being achieved.  Some were like code reviews where we looked over the code and brought up questions, queries as to how things were coded.  In a few we also had Code Walkthroughs in addition, this also have the Developers the extra task of explaining their thinking in how code was done, this brought up questions from both Developers and QA that some developers said would never have come up in a general peer review; at least in that environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the reviews did not always get comments from QA, but at the very least it did give some a better understanding of how things were working behind the scenes.  More information and understanding is never a bad thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T19:52:47.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1098" CreationDate="2011-06-10T20:22:49.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be honest, this is not something I've ever done from the professional side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, from a user side here's a suggestion that I get from World of Warcraft by Blizzard.  When I log into my WoW app on my machine, there's a &quot;splash&quot; screen that comes up before I get to my main account login that gives different news feeds, articles, ads, etc., related to WoW and Blizzard stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, WoW patch 4.2 is in Player Testing.  I know this because it's on that splash screen.  How do I get to player testing?  If I click on the link on the splash, it takes me to the page where I can register for play testing and login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for your situation, it sounds like the game you are porting over already has a following in another environment.  Something you might want to consider is partnering with the game studio and putting some sort of splash screen, advertisement, or something in the other platform to let those users know that there is a Beta site available and give them a link to register their interest.  You can then filter through the applications to find specific users and such and then e-mail out to them how to get to the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The big advantage I see to this is that you will already have a bunch of users who know how the game is SUPPOSED to work on the other platform so they have a frame of reference to apply to the Android environment for comparison.  They are probably also accomplished players so they will be able to play the game to it's fullest and hit all those little corners, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T20:22:49.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1084" CreationDate="2011-06-10T22:29:05.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is so tricky - either one is a good solution depending on the situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Picking the right one will make you a hero. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Picking the wrong one could make you lose your job. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So then if you take the time to talk with the stakeholders and flesh out the specs, what happens? Do they say &quot;Wow, you were very thoughtful and thorough! Let's answer these questions so we can move forward with the project!&quot; Or, do they tell you &quot;Wow, you're wasting more of our time with these trivial details? Can't you just go do your &quot;computery stuff&quot; and let us get back to work?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen it both ways (okay, not marketing, but does it matter who made the poor spec? :-) and I've been treated both ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to find a delicate balance of the two. For small changes, I don't waste their time. I use previous examples to make a best guess about what they really want. For bigger changes or contradictions in the spec, I &lt;em&gt;PROPOSE&lt;/em&gt; a solution and send it to them for a stamp of approval. I also send them a list of the small changes I took the liberty of making. Hopefully they get back to me in time before it ships if they want it changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, before I start work on a project, I identify things that need to be clarified and send them to the analyst before doing any development. (I know you're doing test scenarios, not application development, but I feel the same rule applies.) Then I try to work around those grey-areas until I am forced to put it on hold or bite the bullet and make some changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;lt; personalRant justification=&quot;I hate it when people do this to me&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some developers I know play &quot;gotchya games&quot; with the analysts to cover their own backside. They'll send a request for clarification, but they'll hide some of the main points. Maybe they're broken up in sentences in the middle of a paragraph or something like that, or you put two requests in the same bullet point in the email. &lt;em&gt;Please, please, please don't do this.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not always intentional, but the end result is the same: they miss the request for clarification on a particular issue, so you miss out on what they had to say, the product ships without the clarification (and is usually wrong) and it comes back to you. Then you say &quot;Well, I sent it to the analyst and he didn't seem to be interested in it. Not my fault he didn't think it was a big deal.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works in the short term to get the &quot;blame-hogs&quot; off your back when something goes wrong, but the long term effects are drastic: Poor relations between your team and the analysts (as if it isn't hard enough getting information!), the product's reputation with customers suffers (and you may even lose some customers if the issue that went live is bad enough) and if it happens too many times, management begins to notice a pattern about you, especially when it happens with multiple analysts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;lt; /personalRant&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tl;dr&lt;/strong&gt;: make what decisions you can, and communicate the ones you can't. Keep them apprised on your situation, and listen to what they have to say. Try to keep relations between your team and the analyst/marketing/business team (or any team!) as good as you can; it makes it better for everyone at the firm!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-06-10T22:29:05.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2011-06-11T01:57:04.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used it myself because I wrote my own UIAutomation library, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://white.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;White&lt;/a&gt; is an open source project from Thoughtworks that should do exactly what you are after they support  Win32, WinForms, WPF, Silverlight and SWT (Java) platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an IDE you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/express/Windows/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Visual Studio C# Express&lt;/a&gt;, which is free for even commercial use. It lacks unit testing as an integrated feature so you would need to use something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunit.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;xUnit&lt;/a&gt; as a test runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-11T01:57:04.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2011-06-11T11:29:06.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hate workplaces where the reaction to a failure is to find a responsible. This does not encourage people to provide the best they can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my point of view, the correct action to take is to fix the problem: first the bug, then the process having led to the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="683" LastActivityDate="2011-06-11T11:29:06.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1104" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-11T14:28:25.323" Score="2" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional languages like F# and Scala are becoming popular.  Do these types of functional languages make it easier to write higher quality software that requires less testing.  In other words, is it easier to write &quot;correct&quot; software that has fewer bugs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user207" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T05:57:53.580" Title="Is it easier to write &quot;correct&quot; software in functional languages?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-04T04:57:42.050" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1104" CreationDate="2011-06-11T14:55:19.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional languages may make it harder to create some kinds of bugs (e.g. bugs due to misunderstandings about side effects).  Of course language acquisition has a learning curve, and there may be more bugs rather than fewer while a developer reaches a certain skill level.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Moreover, bugs arise for all kinds of reasons, some of which have nothing to do with the programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-11T14:55:19.860" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1106" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-11T16:57:04.090" Score="5" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some references for the following statements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;The size of the test code code is/can be greater that the size of the product code&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;The amount of resources spent on developing and maintaining test code can be greater than those spent for the tested code&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically I am looking for some clear examples or some some academic resources. Can anyone help with any of these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="760" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:56:20.817" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:56:20.817" Title="References for resources used in test" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1001" CreationDate="2011-06-12T12:27:21.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this nice &lt;a href=&quot;http://test.techwell.com/articles/weekly/software-testing-enters-cloud&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article by Matt Heusser&lt;/a&gt; which nicely sums up software testing in the cloud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Providing the link here to share with all those who are looking for some advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words (a short summary):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cloud computing has made available two very useful technologies to the masses&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Distributed computing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Virtualization&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This creates new opportunities for testers to test quickly and efficiently. The challenges would be test around the edges of these services. Some of things to look are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elastic clouds (automatic provisioning of computing power and memory)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disaster recovery &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Synchronization (across devices and services)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-01T20:51:35.870" LastActivityDate="2012-12-01T20:51:35.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1113" CreationDate="2011-06-12T13:52:20.730" Score="32" ViewCount="9959" Body="&lt;p&gt;In agile projects, we use the definition of done to ascertain when to consider a user story to be ready for acceptance (implemented and tested). In the project's DoD we have things like following among other things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit tests implemented for new functionality and are all green (automated build and CI ensure this).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance/story tests are written and passing.(these are in a BDD tool)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression tests are green with known failures.(automated) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enough exploratory testing has been done to ensure the correctness of new feature and to determine it works as expected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unsolved defects are available in a DTS or the backlog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code coverage is above x%. New implementation have not caused any regression or impact on code covergae (i.e code covergae has either preferably improved or remained static since last sprint).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester do you add anything more to this or is it enough ? In case yes; what would be the other things that would help me as a tester to make a decision on when to stop testing a specific user story and pick another one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I am looking for some guiding principles other than things like testers instinct or gut feeling .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-07-13T21:43:46.797" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T22:48:46.037" Title="What goes in your definition of done (DoD) ?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1106" CreationDate="2011-06-12T15:31:05.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6317355/references-for-resources-used-in-test/6317466#6317466&quot;&gt;As Chris answered over on the closed SO question&lt;/a&gt;: there are articles &lt;a href=&quot;http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.108.147&amp;amp;rep=rep1&amp;amp;type=pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;like this one (PDF)&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.129.7992&amp;amp;rep=rep1&amp;amp;type=pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this from its reference list (PDF).&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2011-06-12T20:53:57.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="803" CreationDate="2011-06-13T05:18:57.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try DBFit. I am sure you are going to love it. You can do ATDD for your database the same way you can do it for you application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following link will give a lot of information on how to get going including some background on Fitnesse and Dbfit (follow the links in the post).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/fitnesse/dbfit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gojko.net/fitnesse/dbfit/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-06-13T05:18:57.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1065" CreationDate="2011-06-13T05:23:00.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Covering the existing code with unit tests might be worthwhile if you target the area of the code that have higher probability of being changed in upcoming releases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way you will build a safety net around the code that likely will be changed (new features, refactoring, bug fixes etc). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Targeting the code that has higher logical complexity and covering it with unit tests will provide potentially higher ROI as possible mistakes introduced in that code are more likely to be discovered (faster/easier) with unit tests than during system or integration testing.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="765" LastActivityDate="2011-06-13T05:23:00.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2011-06-13T13:30:29.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a previous life, we used Kanban and tasks with time estimates per task to define the work to be done and the time left on a user story.  For us, the DoD was when all tasks for a particular user story were all moved to the &quot;Verified&quot; column on the KanBan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only problem with this is if there is an inaccuracy in determining what tasks need to be done.  We did spend a lot of time in pre-Sprint planning meetings hashing out all the tasks and time estimates so, in good faith, we expect that everything that needed to get done for a user story got done.  The possibility exists that we did not task for a unit test that should have been done, or that a particular data configuration was not covered, but, assuming that we did all our due diligence up front, this worked as a DoD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reality, what usually ended up happening was hard deadlines snuck up on us and we had to sacrifice our DoD to be only high priority tasks.  This meant some things like code reviews, automated regression tests, and other tasks got thrown onto the backlog never to be seen again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-06-13T13:30:29.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2011-06-13T15:24:34.723" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally, the DoD for each user story should mean all tests for that user story are passing, and all automation is completed, running as part of the overall automation (as opposed to on one person's machine), and running with no errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real world usually means compromises, since there's rarely enough time or resource to cover all the potential implications of any given user story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Factors to consider with your DoD would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Timeframe - do you have a 'hard' deadline or can you take the time you need? (or somewhere in between). The harder the deadline, the more your DoD will shift towards the steel thread. In that situation, testing anything that isn't steel threat becomes part of the project, and sometimes the development backlog. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External dependencies - the more your work relies on the performance of, or information from, a third party, the more room you need to leave in the DoD to cover failure in communication or performance on the part of the external supplier. Sometimes you need to explicitly state that DoD can't be achieved without Item X from Supplier Y.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration of user story does not cause regression in legacy functionality (You've added a new feature set as part of a sprint, but you haven't broken the way it used to work) - I think this is probably the only item that isn't explicitly on your list.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-06-13T15:24:34.723" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2011-06-13T17:27:48.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the excellent points already mentioned, data synchronization to a mobile application is a rich source of bugs, and, even worse, of unwise specifications.  A bug I’ve seen in many incarnations is that the mobile device can’t handle all of the data in a desktop application, so the programmer limits it in a way that seems reasonable to him, but not to the user, generally without documenting his decision or even letting the test team know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="482" LastActivityDate="2011-06-13T17:27:48.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1115" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1116" CreationDate="2011-06-13T23:16:57.917" Score="6" ViewCount="1488" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, I have some code set up via Gallio, to start the selenium server before each test session, and shut it down when the session finishes (all tests have run). It starts the server fine, but I can't seem to get it to stop the server. I'm pretty sure I've done something wrong, but I can't see what. Can you help me?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    * Selenium Server 2.0b4&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    * Selenium WebDriver 2.0b4&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    * Visual Studio 2010 (C#)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    * ReSharper&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    * Gallio  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[AssemblyFixture]&#xA;public class SeleniumSetup : IDisposable&#xA;{&#xA;    private Process seleniumServer;&#xA;    private Boolean disposed;&#xA;&#xA;    [FixtureSetUp]&#xA;    public void Setup()&#xA;    {&#xA;        const string javaFileLocation = @&quot;C:\opt\java\bin\java.exe&quot;;&#xA;        const string jarFileLocation = @&quot;C:\my\autotests\Selenium\selenium-server.jar&quot;;&#xA;        var seleniumServer = new Process&#xA;            {&#xA;                StartInfo =&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        FileName = javaFileLocation,&#xA;                        Arguments = &quot;-jar &quot; + jarFileLocation + &quot; -port 4444 -timeout 90 -browserSideLog -ensureCleanSession -trustAllSSLCertificates -log selenium-server.log&quot;,&#xA;                        WorkingDirectory =&#xA;                            jarFileLocation.Substring(0, jarFileLocation.LastIndexOf(&quot;\\&quot;)),&#xA;                        UseShellExecute = true&#xA;                        //WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden&#xA;                    }&#xA;            };&#xA;        seleniumServer.Start();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void Dispose()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Dispose(true);&#xA;        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (false == disposed)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (disposing)&#xA;                DisposeOfSeleniumServer();&#xA;&#xA;            disposed = true;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [FixtureTearDown]&#xA;    private void DisposeOfSeleniumServer()&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (seleniumServer != null)&#xA;        {&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                seleniumServer.Kill();&#xA;                seleniumServer.WaitForExit(10000);&#xA;            }&#xA;            finally&#xA;            {&#xA;                seleniumServer.Dispose();&#xA;                seleniumServer = null;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="545" LastEditorUserId="545" LastEditDate="2011-06-13T23:22:31.940" LastActivityDate="2011-06-13T23:31:12.507" Title="I Can't Shut Down My Selenium Instance (C# WebDriver, Gallio). I think I have a bug..." Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1115" CreationDate="2011-06-13T23:31:12.507" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following was the best way to close the server in my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;    /// Close the server.&#xA;    /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;    public static void CloseServer()&#xA;    {&#xA;        string address = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[&quot;RemoteWebDriverAddress&quot;];&#xA;        string port = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[&quot;RemoteWebDriverPort&quot;];&#xA;&#xA;        var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(String.Format(&quot;http://{0}:{1}/selenium-server/driver/?cmd=shutDownSeleniumServer&quot;, address, port));&#xA;        request.GetResponse();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can send a get request to the server which will close the server, I'm not sure of the top of my head why I was having issues with the other methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-06-13T23:31:12.507" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1104" CreationDate="2011-06-14T05:57:53.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correctness is subjective. Whether or not software is 'correct' depends on your idea of correctness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WRT F# and Scala, they are just programming languages. There are benefits and limitiations for the various programming languages. When used by competent developers various programming languages can be employed very effectively in the appropriate context to help develop software solutions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell, it's not the programming language as much as it is the competency of the developer using the language and the context in which it is being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T05:57:53.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1118" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-14T08:57:43.983" Score="6" ViewCount="4721" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the best approaches and what concerns are there about performance testing a web application that is hosted in the cloud?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2019-11-27T13:15:42.573" Title="Performance Testing a cloud application" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1125" CreationDate="2011-06-14T09:11:03.420" Score="16" ViewCount="4515" Body="&lt;p&gt;We follow a BDD approach to development, we have our testers creating scenarios from a specification, and these are then given to our developers before any work is started. However, we find that &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; of our developers often choose to write extra unit tests to help then write the code required pass the scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that only some of our developers do this, we don't discourage this in anyway at all, however, we think that it would be unfair to ask another developer that doesn't do this to maintain these tests if he made a change to that code. Remember we have a large collection of scenarios that are executed to ensure that the application behaves correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we be documenting these unit test somehow, the problem is that our scenarios don't assume any implementation details and the extra unit tests are often to help with testing some of these details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T13:34:44.007" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T13:34:44.007" Title="Documenting Unit Tests" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-06-14T10:24:57.980" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not focus on the concurrency rate, rather try to get traffic statistics, such as visits, amount of activity, and so on. If you already have a site running, you can analyze the server logs or any audit trails your application might write. When your site is still offline and you just want to go live, you have to come up with some expectations for traffic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These numbers will give you an idea what to simulate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I got your question right, you are looking for a way to get the possible max throughput out of your application to know what you can expect of it, rather coming with numbers and trying to prove that you can make the numbers. Right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This basically calls for a performance test, where you have to set your expectations first: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is still acceptable performance (response time limits)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what are the standard scenarios for the application, what kind of usage patterns do you anticipate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what kind of data growth can you expect based on the usage patterns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is your standard deployment scenario in the beginning, what hardware do you want to us (because you do not know yet, what you need, you have to set something first)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on that you can develop you performance scenarios and run it. If you have never done a test before, you should not expect to get an answer to you question rather to find a ton of issues around the application. After fixing that, you will get an answer to your question and get an idea, not a fixed number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also like that article of mine about getting numbers for load testing including some ideas about concurrency: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.xceptance.de/2011/06/07/get-the-right-load-mix-out-of-a-few-numbers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.xceptance.de/2011/06/07/get-the-right-load-mix-out-of-a-few-numbers/&lt;/a&gt; This is a little ecommerce centric... but might give you still an idea what you might need or what you can do without numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T10:24:57.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="710" CreationDate="2011-06-14T10:28:15.713" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote about concurrent users and numbers in a blog post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.xceptance.de/2011/06/07/get-the-right-load-mix-out-of-a-few-numbers/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.xceptance.de/2011/06/07/get-the-right-load-mix-out-of-a-few-numbers/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wait… where are my concurrent users?&#xA;  This is simple: “concurrent users” is&#xA;  an inaccurate way of describing&#xA;  traffic, so we have not used that&#xA;  number yet. Why is that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To get to the bottom of that, we&#xA;  simply check how long a visit takes.&#xA;  Depending on the shop, an average&#xA;  visit might take 2 to 4 minutes.&#xA;  Successfully shopping might take 15&#xA;  minutes. If we expect about 10 page&#xA;  views per visit and a page view takes&#xA;  1 second to load and 20 seconds to&#xA;  read it (already a really really high&#xA;  number for an average), a visit would&#xA;  take 10 * 1 second + 9 * 20 seconds =&#xA;  190 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let’s go with the 190 seconds for a&#xA;  visit on average. If we just could&#xA;  serve one visitor at a time, we could&#xA;  serve 60 minutes (3600 seconds) / 190&#xA;  seconds per visits = 19 visitors per&#xA;  hour. But because we would like to&#xA;  serve 10,000 per hour, we have to deal&#xA;  with 10,000 / 19 = 526 visitors at the&#xA;  same time. This is the famous&#xA;  concurrent user number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If we now double the think time, we&#xA;  have 1,052 concurrent users/visitors.&#xA;  If we cut it down to 1 second think&#xA;  time, we will get a visit length of 19&#xA;  seconds and therefore 10,000 visits /&#xA;  (3600 seconds / 19) = 53 concurrent&#xA;  visitors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T10:28:15.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1119" CreationDate="2011-06-14T10:59:08.390" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your testers deliver the tests scenarios that should be implemented by the developers and some of your developers write more tests than required. Give them a raise!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend to review the extra tests and check if they make sense. Encourage all developers to write more tests to put their knowledge into tests. They know implementation details, so they can write more valuable tests. They have to make sure that their code works, so they should have the freedom to write tests to prove/tests their own work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Document these tests but preferably only in the code. If the tests fail with a code change, who changed the code has to fix the tests, adapt the test, or remove it in case it is not longer required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this as two different kind of tests: Testers specify integration style tests looking from the outside using specs, developers look from the inside using implementation details to prove their work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both tests are important and you should make both things mandatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps a little and by the way, we have a motto here: &quot;You touch it, you own it.&quot; So whatever tests are there, they have to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T10:59:08.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2011-06-14T11:13:48.310" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several useful heuristics for stopping testing.  A few I can think of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'No more time' - i.e. we stop due to a business imposed deadline.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have you come to understand what you set out to understand about the feature (you do set specific goals for test sessions right?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mission critical bug unearthed at which point documenting and fixing the bug becomes higher priority than testing the feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Bolton wrote a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/09/when-do-we-stop-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;good blog post&lt;/a&gt; listing these (and a few extras) far more eloquently than I can. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="161" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T21:59:57.113" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T21:59:57.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1098" CreationDate="2011-06-14T12:58:17.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I don't have the first clue about provisioning Android apps, it sounds as though all that you really need is a couple of hidden pages on your existing site, or a new one just for this and a database table to store the info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've done similar things in my company.  We'd have our developers make a couple of hidden pages and a new database table that could be linked to their primary account.  After this, we'd send them an email with a special code (only so many pre-generated codes were made available to us) that was loaded from a seperate database (was easier this way, don't remember why).  We'd then store the code with the second table which could be linked to the primary account.  I think that the only reason why we did the seperate tables/databases was for simplicity sake.  In our case, we only needed the info for a year and were then able to do a dump for auditing's sake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T12:58:17.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1119" CreationDate="2011-06-14T14:07:39.557" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read two questions: (1) should we document the tester-written unit tests and (2) how should we treat tests that assume implementation details?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's important to distinguish between scaffolding and unit tests.  (Please don't get caught up in my terminology; I'm just trying to make a point about some concepts.)  Scaffolding is code a developer writes as part of creating a feature.  They take whatever form the developer wants them to take.  They might be tests against interfaces.  They might be tests against internals to the implementation that are not in any way a part of any specification or requirement.  The may be tests that produce a pass/fail result, or they might emit blobs of data that only made sense to the developer while he was coding and debugging.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the code is working, the scaffolding is probably just a pile of junk.  Even if the interfaces don't change, if the scaffolding assumes implementation details, there is no guarantee or expectation that the scaffolding will do anything useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No one should have to maintain someone else's scaffolding, and it should be the developer's job to document their scaffolding if they choose to keep it around.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit tests (for the purposes of this answer) are tests against an interface that is a response to a requirement/specification.  Unlike scaffolding, unit tests restrict themselves to public interfaces.  Unit tests are written to produce a pass/fail result.  &lt;em&gt;Most importantly, unit tests should still pass if the interface remains the same but the implementation changes.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think unit tests &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; have some kind of accompanying documentation.  Perhaps it's comments in the code, or perhaps it's an external document, although you need to remember that as the tests change, someone will have to update the external document too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-14T14:39:06.253" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T14:39:06.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1119" CreationDate="2011-06-14T14:37:17.637" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the traditional sense of the word a unit test is designed to test the smalled functional unit of software such as s single method or function. Unit tests are intended to provide limited testing of the functional capabilities of a function or method in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, unit tests are written and maintained by developers because they should be used by the developers to qualify their work before checking in their code. Unit tests are especially helpful when refactoring code, for initial validation after code churn, and as pre-check-in suites by the dev team in a continuous integration enviornment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, would it be unfair to ask developers to maintain unit tests (even if they are written by other developers). To paraphrase Hunt &amp;amp; Thomas, 'developers are paid to write working code.' (&lt;em&gt;Pragmatic Unit Testing In C# with NUnit&lt;/em&gt;) And unit tests can a bit of sanity that the unit of code at least does what the developer thinks it's supposed to do. If their code fails a unit test their change will likely break the build. If their code causes the unit test to become outdated, there is likely a change in underlying architecture or functionality and as a tester I would want to know that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line units are quite different tools as compared to the behavioral tests derived from a BDD approach and have different purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T14:37:17.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1127" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-14T14:42:46.607" Score="3" ViewCount="484" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a touch screen driver for an embedded device. Unfortunately it is tightly coupled to the hardware so simulated data can't be pushed in real time in order to simulate real usage.&#xA;Basic functional, manual, testing is easy but automation is not straight forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone has experience with such an arrangement or can assist with ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-07-14T22:14:04.863" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T09:00:38.940" Title="testing Touchscreen driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1127" CreationDate="2011-06-14T14:57:57.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote something years ago to test a graphics library that worked with a touch screen.  I never achieved an &quot;unattended&quot; automatic test.  My tests required human fingertips but instructed the tester on what to expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T09:00:38.940" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T09:00:38.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1130" CreationDate="2011-06-14T18:03:32.180" Score="7" ViewCount="3433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked in Selenium. For developing Web UI Functional Test automation suite I considered below aspects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using TestNG Framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Page Object pattern&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XML based configuration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logging of failed cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are based on my learnings. There might be other aspects which can be added to the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have to develop automation framework using QTP, How does Test Automation Approach differ in this case. I have not worked on developing Test Automation using commercial tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have below Questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do we still use TestNG when you develop framework using QTP ? Someone who has exposure to both QTP and Selenium Can clarify my question&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similar to Page object Pattern what is best practice that QTP suggests for automation &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excluding Licencing &amp;amp; Opensource aspects, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do we do different when we develop automation framework using QTP Vs Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP can be used for non-web testing (ex - winforms) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any best practices based on working with QTP ? Any related posts / Examples please post in reply&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-11-24T18:07:52.507" Title="What aspects normally differ when developing automation framework in QTP VS Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1129" CreationDate="2011-06-14T19:12:39.820" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note: Last I worked on QTP was back in 2008.  My notes are based on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most significant difference felt when I transitioned from QTP to Selenium was the programming / scripting language.  QTP only supports(ed) VBScript, hence OO approach to test framework used to be more challenging for me.  I still used Page object models.  I used to create a text file with the element names and their descriptors.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP Quality Center works best with QTP for test management purpose (to drive the tests, etc.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QTP has this advantage over Selenium, that is automation of non-web applications.  I used to identify windows with window handles.  It was extremely easy to create an automation that included interaction with the web and other windows applications.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQAFormus' QTP forum is probably the best source of knowledge and interaction in the QTP world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2011-06-14T20:09:45.067" LastActivityDate="2011-06-14T20:09:45.067" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1131" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1142" CreationDate="2011-06-15T05:00:17.747" Score="10" ViewCount="642" Body="&lt;p&gt;While writing automated test I come across situations when I include multiple verification points in one method but then I have also read/heard that one tests should make just one verification. Which approach do you follow and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;n.b. I have my pointers to make multiple verification in one method and would detail them once I get a satisfactory answer. &#xA;Looks like I am posing one more subjective/argumentative question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T13:35:59.813" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T06:34:12.143" Title="Should a test method test only one condition?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T06:10:17.150" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I incorporate several verification points in a single test method and the reasons are as below:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Before performing any action on an element I would first like to verify if the element is present on the page in the first place. There are some possibilities that the UI control is renamed or removed. The same logic applies for pages as well. I verify at every step if I am on the right page before performing any testing by verifying the title of the page. I thus have several verification points in a single test method. I first verify if I am on the right page, then whether the required UI control is present and after that I perform the intended verification point of the test case.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Certain verification points can be logically grouped in a single test method. For example, when I test &quot;post comment feature&quot; on facebook I have got two verification points. One is to verify if the comment is posted successfully and another is to verify if my friend can read the  comment that I just posted. It makes sense to group these two verification points in a single test method since they are logically related. It is incorrect to claim that post comment works if others can't read my comment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2011-06-15T07:14:14.530" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T07:14:14.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T06:12:38.103" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;For unit tests, I greatly prefer to test one thing per test. The reason is this: When the test fails, I want the test to point me as quickly as possible to the broken code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a test tests multiple things, then the name of the test is not enough to point to the broken code. I have to seek additional information, such as a stack trace, which guides me to a line of test code. Then I have to look at the line of test code to see what it was doing, and in what context. Now, that's not the most horrible problem I've ever had, but...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a test tests one thing, then the name of the failing test is often enough to point me in the right direction. Not always, but often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For different reasons, I also prefer to make each acceptance test test one thing. But here, my reason is mostly clarity. I want each acceptance tests to describe with crystal clarity the feature or responsibility it's testing. And I want to see why this test matters. The more stuff a test does, the harder it is to understand the point of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm more likely to relax my preference for acceptance tests, especially if the test tests through the GUI or browser. The startup and teardown sometimes take a long time. If I do more stuff in each test, then I'm executing fewer of those long-running setups and teardowns, so the suite takes less time to run. On the other hand, each test takes longer to run, and it's not possible to test just the &quot;create a new frobozz&quot; stuff if that test is embedded in a bigger &quot;create a frobozz, edit it, save it, delete it&quot; test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T06:12:38.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1150" CreationDate="2011-06-15T09:50:03.140" Score="2" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got the following XPath expression's working in firebug, that returns the correct element(s):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;(//input[@class='intervalInput timeInput'])&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;returns two elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;(//input[@class='intervalInput timeInput'])[1]&quot;) &#xA;$x(&quot;(//input[@class='intervalInput timeInput'])[2]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of the above return the correct element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However; when I run the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var matchedElements = this._selenium.GetXpathCount(&quot;(//input[@class='intervalInput timeInput'])&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The matched elements is 0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var matchedElements = this._selenium.GetXpathCount(&quot;xpath=(//input[@class='intervalInput timeInput'])&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any Help will be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="566" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T17:20:51.657" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T17:20:51.657" Title="Selenium Selenium.Core v1.1.4322 - XPath not working" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1135" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-15T10:37:20.063" Score="5" ViewCount="13503" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on implementing UI tests of .NET web application using Selenium RC. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests are now coming together and I am beginning to look at how these will be incorporated into TFS. Our team has only just began using TFS and it would be of great benefit to get these tests running as part of the build on TFS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone has any experience of this, any knowledge shared would be extremely useful such as best practices to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="566" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T08:55:19.150" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T08:55:19.150" Title="Running Selenium test on TFS" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1135" CreationDate="2011-06-15T11:31:56.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used selenium RC with TFS but I have used WatiN a &lt;strong&gt;lot&lt;/strong&gt; so I can share my experiences with that, and no Microsoft Test Manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, what is your goal with Selenium RC is it to scale out your execution, or just use C# as your environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly I would look into Selenium 2, as opposed to Selenium RC to see if that fits your needs. For the most part, Selenium 2 will supersede Selenium RC and it has a much cleaner architecture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally write my tests as VS2010 unit tests, and then use the unit testing infrastructure to execute my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the &quot;quick and dirty&quot; method of checking out the tests and building them on all my test machines and then manually running them in the unit testing tools with a test list, then uploading the results back to the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to use the VS2010 test agents to push out the tests remotely and execute them that way, but it requires controllers and agents to be configured and running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the big challenges with running tests as part of the build is the need to have an &quot;interactive&quot; session for the tests to run. Personally, I just run developer unit tests as part of the build, and then manually kick of the tests after I have run a build verification test using humans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find this hybrid approach works really well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T11:31:56.610" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T11:35:05.860" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally like to have atomic tests, that are designed, generally,  to test only one or two things, with most verification being called explicitly called in the test case itself. That way you can easily see at the top level what is being verified, for example (from parkcalc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void InvalidTextAsExitDate()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.Calculate(ParkingType.LongTermSurfaceParking, &quot;12:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;12:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;INVALID&quot;);&#xA;        Verify.SpecificErrorIsShown(ErrorMessages.EnterCorrectDate);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void OnlySpecifyEntryDate()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.Calculate(ParkingType.LongTermSurfaceParking, &quot;12:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;12:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;        Verify.VerifyResult(ParkingType.LongTermSurfaceParking, &quot;12:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;, &quot;12:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever I have pushed verification down to the lower levels, I always keep wondering, &quot;What is this really verifying.&quot;, e.g. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void OnlySpecifyExitDate()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Parking.CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType.LongTermSurfaceParking, &quot;12:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;12:00&quot;, &quot;AM&quot;, &quot;today&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then the next level down is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static void CalculateAndVerify(ParkingType parkingType, string inTime, string inAMPM, string inDate, string outTime, string outAMPM, string outDate)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Calculate(parkingType, inTime, inAMPM, inDate, outTime, outAMPM, outDate);&#xA;        Verification.Verify.VerifyResult(parkingType, inTime, inAMPM, inDate, outTime, outAMPM, outDate);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full working example solution of my framework is available at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/teknologika/stax&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/teknologika/stax&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T22:40:03.240" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T22:40:03.240" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T12:26:57.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another reason for incorporating several conditions into one test case is simply shortening runtime.&#xA;In our system setup and teardown of each test can take more than a minute or two each, when multiplied by 100's of test cases this adds up to a significant number. When I say &quot;setup and teardown&quot; I refer to test framework time itself so it can't be skipped by doing it once for a bunch of tests (distributed test framework over slow networks and slow servers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2011-06-15T15:50:51.257" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T15:50:51.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T12:41:30.630" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another draw back to combining too many things in one test, is a failure could prevent other verifications from happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say you combine three verifications &amp;amp; the second fails.  Will your automation stop?  Or continue to three?  And how important is three?  If you can live without that being verified then combining will save time.  However, if three being verified is a top priority I would put it by itself and take the time hit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T12:41:30.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T13:56:55.833" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume the OP intends for &quot;verification point&quot; to mean a condition whose evaluation determines whether a test fails, e.g. what test frameworks often call an &quot;assertion&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When deciding whether the code under test is ready, all you may care about is a binary answer to the question, &quot;Does every test pass?&quot;.   For all other times, your tests serve two purposes, which I will call verification and diagnosis.  &lt;em&gt;Verification&lt;/em&gt; is checking whether the software meets its requirements.  &lt;em&gt;Diagnosis&lt;/em&gt; is narrowing down the specific conditions that cause a failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This duality is often a source of tension between testers and developers.  If a tester does nothing else, they must decide whether a product passes tests.  If a test fails, the developer, if nothing else, must change some code.  In between those two events, someone must determine which of the many circumstances leading up to the failure were necessary and sufficient.  Armed with that information, the developer will think about how those circumstances map to code.  And before that, someone may need to think about whether those circumstances happen often enough or are important enough to justify making changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browse the bug tracking system of any product and you will likely see evidence of the tension between verification and diagnosis.  A developer bounces a bug back to the tester because the symptoms are &quot;too vague&quot; or &quot;not specific enough&quot;.  A tester, having spent a great deal of time reproducing a problem, wonders why a lazy developer can't diagnose a problem for themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how does this apply to automated tests?  Using multiple verification points in a single test increases its diagnostic value.  If I need for f() to return true, g() to return 1, and h() to return 3 in order for a test to pass, the developer will appreciate knowing which of those three conditions failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other reasons for using multiple verification points.  Sometimes a test will include &quot;sanity checks&quot;: conditions that might point to bad assumptions in your test (e.g. availability of a resource) rather than problems in the code under test.  You may also use multiple verification points because the setup expense justifies performing multiple tests at the same time, although doing so may reduce a test's diagnostic value.  (In reality, we make this compromise every day; most of us do not rebuild our entire test environment for every test.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T14:38:45.177" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T14:38:45.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T16:14:13.617" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is going to seem a bit odd, but it depends. A lot of the testing I deal with involves completing a defined transaction(Go to this location, select quantity X of item Y, pay with form of payment Z)  - for the automation I work with, this constitutes a single test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the ways the team where I work evolved to gain a better idea of where problems originate is in how we structure our scripted error handling - every method in our script code has exception handling, and any exception is logged with the file name and routine name, so what gets logged might look like this: &quot;TransactionLib.RunTransactions: TransactionLib.TransactionStep: PaymentLib.MakePayment: PaymentLib.CashPayment: Authorization form displayed when no authorization required.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where possible, we try to recover from these so the test run can complete although it will throw baseline data out of synch and cause a lot of comparison differences as a result - the reasoning here is that if the cause of the problem is something that can be configured or is part of the application, it shouldn't stop the test run, where if an access violation or similar level error occurs, that's a drop everything and get it fixed immediately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our framework is designed to perform its setup, run the defined set of transaction tests (which we store in what's effectively a relational database of csv files), then do detailed baseline checks and perform cleanup. Whether this counts as running each test individually or stringing them all together would depend on precisely how &quot;test&quot; is defined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each test could use several of a large number of code routines, and we try to keep those to a single action where possible. Each test step can also involve multiple code routines, depending on precisely what's being done - again, it depends a lot on your application under test. A small web application won't need anywhere near the level of complexity I've just described: I spend most of my time working against a massively complex application with over a million lines of code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short version: if you can quickly diagnose problems and work out how to get them fixed, it doesn't matter how your tests are structured - although it helps if someone else can learn to diagnose and fix problems quickly too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T16:14:13.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T16:24:05.523" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I incorporate multiple verification's into one test, but only permit them at one point in the execution of the test.  The test harness recovers gracefully from a failed verification (verification's should never change state IMO; if gathering data changes state, gather the data as part of the test or make that verification another test) and continues on to perform additional verifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why have multiple verifications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the bug causing the failure is repeatable and consistent, it will just repeat again the next time and cause the same verifications to fail as before.  Why waste the setup time if the results are going to be the same each time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the bug causing the failure is NOT repeatable and consistent, I want to gather as much information on that specific failure as possible - which is best done with multiple verifications.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why have them only at one point in the test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A failure in setup is different than a failure in the actual test, and my test harness handles them differently.  I can easily report them differently as well, and that information can be useful for business decisions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If test B is dependent on test A and test A fails, I can't workaround the bug for test A to fix test B because that would change test A.  If A and B are separate tests, then I can rewrite the setup for test B to workaround the bug in test A without impacting test A.  For example, if A is posting a comment and B is viewing a posted comment from another account, and posting a comment fails because the JavaScript for the comment &quot;submit&quot; button is broken, I can still test B by updating the database directly in setup and then verifying that &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; the comment had been submitted properly, another account would be able to view it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edited to add:&lt;/strong&gt;  I just realized that the infamous &quot;Given-When-Then&quot; format follows the same rules.  You have one test (the &quot;When&quot; section), and after &quot;when&quot; is completed, you can verify multiple &quot;then&quot; statements using the &quot;and&quot; keyword.  So there's one method's solution to this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T12:32:49.633" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T12:32:49.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1134" CreationDate="2011-06-15T17:26:03.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you try removing the parenthesis surrounding the xpath?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;xpath=&quot;//input[@class='intervalInput timeInput']&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T17:26:03.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1118" CreationDate="2011-06-15T19:32:51.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no idea about best approaches, but I can think of a few concerns to get discussion started:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much access do you have to the back end of the application? In theory where it's hosted shouldn't make any difference, but when you're dealing with cloud hosting you need to consider issues like your connection to the Internet, and the known capacity of the application's communication channels.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What levels of access are you supporting with the app? Is it intended to be accessible via dialup? (A lot of apartments in the US have phone lines that might, maybe get 28k bandwidth on a good day). Does it need to be able to deliver streaming content or to cell phones? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you need to consider throughput separately from response time? The kinds of things you'll want to look for and test are different if data needs to be pushed to a back end in real-time than if it's acceptable to maintain a queue that updates within an hour.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This - again, in theory - shouldn't be a factor, but it still can bite you. Is there any possibility that heavy load on the app could take your cloud host down? If you're going to be testing against the hosted site, you probably want to take extra care to avoid effectively launching a denial of service attack against them :) (Don't laugh - the last time my team tried to load our web application to failure, we brought down the company's internal network, including the internal DNS and the web server... Effectively taking the whole company offline for a time. In our defense, none of us had much experience with load testing at the time, and we never did that again.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T19:32:51.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2011-06-15T22:13:08.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally (and I'm fairly convinced that this the right approach) I'd always hit only one test condition with a Unit Test. Always without exception.&#xA;For integration and acceptance tests I aim to hit as few test conditions as necessary to exercise the component or functionality under test.&#xA;This generally doesn't mean that the checks have only one test condition and its possible that the right number of test conditions could actually be many (especially for a large test) but increasing numbers of test conditions in higher level tests can cause automated tests to become brittle and crucially, can lead to failures being more difficult to interpret.&#xA;To focus my mind when writing these higher level tests, I keep in my mind the question 'what am I actually trying to check?'. If there are test conditions that are important enough to add to the automated checking but not directly relevant to what am I currently writing Acceptance tests, then I use these as the basis for new, separate test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastActivityDate="2011-06-15T22:13:08.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1118" CreationDate="2011-06-16T01:31:34.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oh deja vu ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that Larry Elison summed it up nicely when he stated that Cloud computing is just, servers and the internet. Video is here -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOEFXaWHppE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOEFXaWHppE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing &quot;Cloud&quot; applications should be tested as though you would test any existing web application. Specifically for performance you would want to testing a single instance and then how it scales out when you apply dynamic scaling to see if you get a linear performance improvement or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that the same performance testing tools and approaches and skills would apply, i.e. Loadrunner et.al.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another challenge though would be that you won't have access to the performance logs, counters or configuration options that you would normally use when performance tesitng and tuning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T01:31:34.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1135" CreationDate="2011-06-16T04:29:20.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to add to Bruce's comments, if you are using  VS2010 the &quot;interactive&quot; issues have been resolved in 2010 through the test agent/controller. As long as you have the right attributes on the tests and add the link to the automated test through MTM. The tests can be kicked off as part of the build or through the test controller/agent as a test plan and will automatically update it back into TFS with results and snapshots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether the underlying technology is WatiN or Selenium, it doesn't matter, as long as it is put into a CodedUI test case with the appropriate attributes. Just create the test case cancelling out of the wizard and you'll be able to leverage off the features that TFS has for CodedUI but using the technology of your choice!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously this depends heavily on having access to MTM/agents/controllers as part of TFS but if you don't have it, the hybrid approach works very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="745" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T04:29:20.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1134" CreationDate="2011-06-16T07:32:05.617" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have managed to resolve by using Selenium 2.0 as apposed to 1.0, apparently some issues with using XPATH 2.0 with Selenium 1.0 but seems to be working fine with 2.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="566" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T07:32:05.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1151" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-16T07:43:07.073" Score="2" ViewCount="330" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to test an input field to make sure it is behaving correctly with invalid input. But when I try to insert text with quotes and add a validation rule for it, the test fails. It seems that I have some problem with the special characters. I tried to replace them in the validation rule with &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;quot&lt;/code&gt;, but it doesn't work. I had a similar problem when I tried to test for &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; characters, but when I replace them with &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;lt;&amp;amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; in the validation rule it works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I test for quotes in my input with Visual Studio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="783" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:44:33.993" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:44:33.993" Title="Visual studio web performance testing for invalid input" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1152" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-16T11:12:16.370" Score="14" ViewCount="930" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a software product has a lot of usability features, and we're constantly changing it. We have issues with things like persisting scroll position which seem to get fixed, but then are broken again when we release. We have good testers, but we seem to miss things like this because there are just so many features in the application it's hard to perform thorough regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is this problem best solved? I'd love to have automated UI tests, but those are fragile. I'd love to have our testers test every feature every time we implement a new feature, but that would take forever, and seems impractical. I wanted to gauge how other software shops do this and how they avoid recurring bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="785" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T13:35:40.527" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T18:55:25.780" Title="Bugs keep reappearing in our GUI software during development. How should this be addressed?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1153" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-16T11:42:57.770" Score="3" ViewCount="281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have constructed a large decision table based on the possible inputs I can have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My question is, how do I determine what test cases to write?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="786" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T12:28:48.850" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T12:28:48.850" Title="How do you drive what testcases to write based on a large decision table?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1153" CreationDate="2011-06-16T11:50:51.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once you have the table, you should be able to generate the paths through those options. It's the path I find most important as then it can be related to the real world or the deliverable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'User Journey' is a thing you can prioritise. Eg. It is more important that a customer can place an order, than the customer viewing their order history. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the paths are prioritised, you'll then know which test cases to develop first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T11:50:51.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2011-06-16T12:14:48.037" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your only concern is layout bugs in the UI; you can give fighting-layout-bugs a try.&#xA;Its an open-source java library that checks for layout bugs. You can find more info here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/fighting-layout-bugs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/fighting-layout-bugs/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition Selenium can come handy in creating a automated regression suite. You raised a question of these tests being fragile; which is true to an extent. But if done neatly they can prove to be an asset in the long run. You need to balance the automation and manual exploratory effort to get the best of both the worlds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gojko has described this beautifully than I ever can, so here's the link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/2010/04/13/how-to-implement-ui-testing-without-shooting-yourself-in-the-foot-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gojko.net/2010/04/13/how-to-implement-ui-testing-without-shooting-yourself-in-the-foot-2/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T12:14:48.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2011-06-16T12:30:37.513" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard to draw reliable conclusions about an organization from two paragraphs in StackExchange, but it sounds to me as if you're going too fast.  The fact that you are constantly changing the product suggests it is fairly new.   With new products and new companies, when most of your users are early adopters, it may be more important to release quickly than to release with high quality.  If that's really where you are, you may have to live with that condition until you have the luxury of more time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You referred to UI issues in the title and twice in the question, so I assume your quality issues are specific to the UI; i.e. the rest of the software is in better shape.  If you have the time to spare, I suggest slowing down and taking measures to ensure the UI is more thoroughly and consistently tested.  If your testers don't use a test plan, someone should write one for them, at least for the aspects of the UI that are especially buggy.  Are your testers using the same kind and variety of environments as your  users?  For example, if you have a browser-based UI, are your testers using same variety of browsers and screen resolutions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might investigate why your developers are creating a lot of UI bugs. Are they aware of the quality problems?  From their perspective, is it more important to go fast or to unit-test their work before they check it in?   Are the developers using the right infrastructure?  If a change in one thing causes a cascade of bugs in other places, you may have a design problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-16T21:33:19.783" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T21:33:19.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2011-06-16T14:05:52.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short anwer: Develop an automated regression suite, UI tests are not fragile when done right.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Longer answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to invest time in developing an automated regression testsuite using selenium. A lot of times people say UI tests are fragile but in my opinion they're only fragile when they're not programmed right. It is true that it is hard to create a well functioning testsuite but in the end it is worth it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about how much time your testers will spent roughly on executing repetitive tasks until the end of the project and think about how much time it will take to develop a well functioning/maintainable testsuite to get rid of those repetitive tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you choose to do create an automated testsuite you or your client will end up with a system wich is far easier and cheaper to maintain. A well developed automated testsuite is worth a lot of money. While manual testing is more like throwing away money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're team now has a huge technical debt because of the fact that there's no automated regression suite. You should figure out if it's worth the effort to remove the debt right now and if so go ahead and remove it. Try to make everyone involved understand the ROI of developing/maintaining such a suite and try to prioritise development of such a suite along with the prioritization of the rest of the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not always easy to convince management that it might be a good idea to use a lot of time to develop a testsuite instead of using that time to develop features but I think you should try anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also might be a good idea to hire a selenium consultant/trainer for a while to train your testers/developers on how to build a well developed, well functioning testsuite (if your company doesn't have any experts allready). Developing a good testsuite is very hard and experts could prevent you from walking into all the pitfalls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="404" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:42:26.833" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:42:26.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2011-06-16T14:25:08.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's impractical for the test team to thoroughly test the GUI, then see if you can get someone else to test it instead!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Found out what testing the developers do before they hand over the software and see if you can get them to do more / better testing. Alternatively, can you get your customers to test the software for you (i.e. Beta Testing)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T14:25:08.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1135" CreationDate="2011-06-16T15:16:22.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A couple of tips/best practices I can think of: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's probably a good idea to make your tests run as fast as possible. When you develop more and more tests the testrun quickly starts to take very long, this results in long builds which is ofcourse a bad thing. Therefore you should think about developing your tests in such a way that they can be run in parallel. This can potentially have huge implications for how you will keep your tests from interferring with eachother for example. It's probably a good idea to think about this but you can ofcourse also start out running tests in serial and then refactoring later on when the long builds start to get annoying... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think VS2010 unit tests support parallel tests but i'm not sure, personally I use gallio because it supports parallel tests and has a really nice testreport in which you can attach screenshots etc. to a testcase result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another best practice is to use pageobject in order to create maintainable tests. You can have a look at this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg-FN_rcNRc&amp;amp;feature=player_embedded&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;youtube video&lt;/a&gt; to get an idea. By the way more valuable selenium vids can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumconf.com/videos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about setting up grid 2.0 in your company with a couple of nodes which can be used both by the buildmachine and by developer/tester workstations. Just create a couple of virtual machines which serve as node. That will help you run tests quickly from both developer/tester machines and the buildserver. Make it configurable to run tests locally or on the grid. Sometimes you want browsers to popup on your own machine and sometimes not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest to use alot of logging (for example take lots of screenshots during a testcase), gallio helps you to put these together in a nice report but you can also think about storing testdata in a database. That helps to quickly see what went wrong in failing tests. You really should just try to incorparate this in your &lt;em&gt;testframework&lt;/em&gt; which you should be developing along the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I dont have much recent experience with TFS2010 but running the tests as part of the build is probably the easy part. It's just a matter of tweaking the builddefinition to call a msbuildtarget or something along those lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="404" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T15:16:22.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="907" CreationDate="2011-06-16T15:24:39.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used a state transition diagram to test the video player functionality of an application. The functionality is essentially the same as a DVD player. I found it a useful technique for this particular item of functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't, and probably wouldn't use a state transition diagram to test a Wizard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T15:24:39.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-16T15:40:45.907" Score="19" ViewCount="5969" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if there any automation tools out there that can help with the process of testing an iPhone application on the device itself and not on a simulator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, it would have to simulate button clicks, selections, and general alphanumeric input (sort of like how selenium can be used with web browsers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T06:22:05.717" LastActivityDate="2019-10-02T14:09:44.293" Title="Tools for testing iPhone apps" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2011-06-16T17:09:18.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know WebDriver (Selenium 2.0) has iPhone Driver, though I have not used it myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/IPhoneDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/IPhoneDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T17:09:18.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2011-06-16T17:11:32.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The few problems that your team is facing, and the possible solutions:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keeping up / too much load&lt;/strong&gt; - Either the company is trying to roll out things too fast or your product does demand constant feature changes or the dev team does not do their part of testing.  In either or a combination of these cases, a lot of load falls on the test team to keep up.  This may result into tester's fatigue or the development of the attitude that &lt;em&gt;even if we try our best, there is so much that there will always be bugs&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automation&lt;/strong&gt; - The test automation is as fragile as the test team that develops it.  If you have engineers who can develop good test automation, that will help beyond words.  If you are not confident enough, start with automating tasks that are relatively stable and most repetitive e.g. if you have to test 'create user' each test cycle, it is worth automating.  Automation will also provide a level of creative satisfaction to the testers and something to look forward to.  And it will, most certainly, give you more coverage at a greater speed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Communicate with other members on the project&lt;/strong&gt; - Communicate with the project manager or someone of the likes that the test team is being overloaded and if they can reconsider the number of features being rolled out each release.  It is also highly likely that the development team feels the same.  As a result, they might not be able to test their code thoroughly before passing it on to the test team.  The company has a choice - add more features with more bugs, or less features with better quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test team&lt;/strong&gt; - Finally and most importantly (if this is not already done), have the manager meet each individual team member at least once in two weeks and get their feedback.  How satisfied they are, what do they think about their work, load, etc.  Get updates on what they did since the last meeting and what they are looking forward to achieve before the next meeting.  Any suggestions to improve the quality of the product.  This will also give an insight on how good the team actually is, are they motivated enough, if anyone is not doing enough, and much more.  You can also do daily stand-ups for daily updates within the QA team.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this provides some direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T17:11:32.127" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2011-06-16T19:09:17.733" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to understand what are the core issues with these repeated breakages before you decide how to fix the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relying on (more, improved, better, faster, etc) testing may &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; be the most effective solution here.  It might not even help at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have code merge issues?  Are fixes becoming undone because of that? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have new bugs appearing, with similar symptoms? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are these UI features basically not fully &quot;cooked&quot;?  Perhaps you are wasting&#xA;time testing them too early in the development process?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are developers making the same mistakes in new code?  Are they well trained?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does sufficient documentation exist?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lots of potential core issues here - each with different solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2011-06-16T21:10:36.753" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T21:10:36.753" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1153" CreationDate="2011-06-16T19:21:28.933" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have defined user stories or customer requirements, those test cases have to be your first ones to work with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have this information, the fallback is to think what you as a user would do when faced with this application for the first time, and use that as your initial pass test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any test cases that generate data your happy path/steel thread tests require are your next target to write - and need a note to indicate that they have to be executed first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, I'd start looking at the most likely things the users are going to be doing, where the highest load is likely to be (this is always a judgment call) and aiming at those cases as your next round to work with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, you can start looking at potential breakage points: your boundary cases, invalid inputs, and the like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The overall goal should be first that the application does what it's supposed to do (as defined by the customer user stories or requirements documentation), then that doesn't do what it's not supposed to do (i.e. you can't enter invalid data), and finally that it handles anything it wasn't designed to do or not do with a certain amount of grace (i.e. you get an error message and can continue your work, rather than the entire application crashing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T19:21:28.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1098" CreationDate="2011-06-16T19:43:10.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would keep things as simple as you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're a very large game company, it's hard to keep your games under wraps, and you'll end up with millions of people trying to get into your betas. When you're a typical, run of the mill company, you probably don't have that problem (even if you wish you did!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would make the 'private' beta completely open and let it spread by word of mouth. Send it out to a few interested people, and if someone stumbles across it, let them in. You can always put stricter controls on the beta later if you find it's getting over populated or draining your resources more than expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-06-16T19:43:10.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2011-06-16T21:55:46.047" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apple supplies automated testing tools as part of their free developer tools, specifically as part of &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.apple.com/library/iOS/documentation/DeveloperTools/Reference/UIAutomationRef/Introduction/Introduction.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Instruments&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PGsuD.png&quot; alt=&quot;Apple testing intruments&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two other non-answers are Selenium which can be used for testing web applications, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.csail.mit.edu/uid/sikuli/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; which does image comparison based automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli will let you automate the use of the emulator itself, based just on screen image captures, but you have explicitly stated that you don't want to test on the emulator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is now iCuke for testing with Cucumber for iPhone apps as well. It is open source with the code on github &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/unboxed/icuke&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: There is now a Selenium driver for testing native iOS apps as well &lt;a href=&quot;http://freynaud.github.com/ios-driver/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ios-driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-11-07T07:13:39.863" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T07:13:39.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2011-06-17T02:23:26.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is your check-in process/policies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found in the past that development peer reviews coupled with test peer reviews have helped a lot to reduce regressions such as this. A checklist can be compiled identifying the top 5 to top 10 riskiest areas and set a rule that if any of these break on a developer's machine (provided they have the latest code loaded), they are not allowed to check in. The checklist should take no longer than 5–10 minutes to run. These tests can be manual or automated, depending on how much those screens change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it will add to the check-in time but this ensures that you catch those bugs earlier and fix them on the spot rather than spend the time testing, raising bugs and developing it and testing it again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And with this process in place, soon enough, the developers will learn to check these things &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; you even do the peer-test review. As a result, they will produce better code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="745" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:46:09.443" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:46:09.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2011-06-17T06:45:38.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very Good Question. Thanks for asking it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation can address this issue if we plan to test production / real time scenarios. Below is approach towards automating the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phase I &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get started with Automation during development phase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you have the mock UI, Id's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phase II&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During Testing ensure your automation is in usable state&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add / Update Automation cases bases on bugs# identified&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phase III&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the code is deployed in production, Capture from the logs majority sequence of user workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;50% of users login, do a search and then buy a single product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;30% users login, look for offers and order multiple product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation can be useful if we leverage it based on actual user scenarios from production logs. This way you can be sure you test all major user workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional Testing Effort + Regression Test Effort + Updating Automation Effort might be a challenge considering timelines. Possible solution can be Developers running automation suite and identifying bugs in earlier stage. Test Team can make it in scope of work to add production workflow (Major 6 workflows based on captured logs is a criteria for automation effort)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even if you cannot automate production workflow keep track of production bugs# and missed scenarios and ensure they are regressed for every build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a Knowledge repositiory / Guidelines not as test cases but atleast to say (Areas where possible bugs can occur / Checklist ) would help&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Above all ownership the individual demonstrates matters. Learning from the bugs missed and adding relevant checkpoints to address it for future releases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accquiring domain expertise takes time but having good knowlege of product would help to do good  exploratory testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Track the bugs, Check pattern of recurring bugs. If we can arrive at any assessment quality of dev in certain area/ certain developers need to be improved, take it forward as recommedation from QA Team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-17T06:45:38.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2011-06-17T16:48:35.997" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;. It is a image recognition tool that you can script it with Python. If the product that you are testing is fairly stable in terms of UI, then it will be a good tool to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-09T07:06:57.370" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T07:06:57.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1171" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-17T17:15:52.267" Score="5" ViewCount="444" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team is bringing on two new people - an intern and a full time. The intern has one semester to go, and the full time is fresh out of uni. After a two week training period, the plan management has for them is to have them write tests to learn the code base. (Which, if you follow my &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/149/1-5-million-lines-of-code-0-tests-where-should-we-start&quot;&gt;other questions&lt;/a&gt; you know we need tests desperately.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then it got me thinking... how can you write a test if you don't know what the code is supposed to actually do? I fear this would cause us to have fragile and non-thorough tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of how common it is, is it a good idea to have new developers write unit tests for a while to learn the code base?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-06-18T02:12:13.967" Title="Writing tests to learn the code" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1171" CreationDate="2011-06-17T17:43:34.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm kind of surprised by the approach.  I have had (or seen) new employees test the code, code review, write unit tests or go through the Test Cases to understand the application and the code.  I do share your concern that without good enough knowledge of the application, the tests written might be fragile.  One of the issue can be that the tests might be written with too much of details, which won't be useful for the people who use the application on daily basis.  Another important factor they would lack is prioritizing the tests as they might tend to follow the theoretical path.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, if it is an UI, and the new employees are writing automation tests, it might be a good idea to, let's say, have them create the Page Objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-06-17T17:43:34.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1171" CreationDate="2011-06-17T18:07:13.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how can you write a test if you don't know what the code is supposed to actually do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably can't.&#xA;You &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; write tests to prove that it still does what it did when the test is written, but that has somewhat less value, I suspect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-17T18:07:13.763" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1174" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-06-17T18:17:44.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A measure of some property of a piece of software or its specifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, as applied to the software product, a software metric measures (or quantifies) a characteristic of the software.&#xA;Some common software metrics (discussed later) are:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Source lines of code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cyclomatic complexity, is used to measure code complexity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function point analysis (FPA), is used to measure the size (functions) of software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs per lines of code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code coverage, measures the code lines that are executed for a given set of software tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cohesion, measures how well the source code in a given module work together to provide a single function.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coupling, measures how well two software components are data related, i.e. how independent they are.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above list is only a small set of software metrics, the important points to note are:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are all measurable, that is they can be quantified.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are all related to one or more software quality characteristics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last point, related to software characteristics, is important for software process improvement. Metrics, for both process and software, tell us to what extent a desired characteristic is present in our processes or our software systems. Maintainability is a desired characteristic of a software component and is referenced in all the main software quality models (including the ISO 9126). One good measure of maintainability would be time required to fix a fault. This gives us a handle on maintainability but another measure that would relate more to the cause of poor maintainability would be code complexity. A method for measuring code complexity was developed by Thomas McCabe and with this method a quantitative assessment of any piece of code can be made. Code complexity can be specified and can be known by measurement, whereas time to repair can only be measured after the software is in support. Both time to repair and code complexity are software metrics and can both be applied to software process improvement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article is part of a series of articles on SQA metrics found at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqa.net/softwarequalitymetrics.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sqa.net/softwarequalitymetrics.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-06-17T18:17:44.633" LastActivityDate="2011-06-17T18:17:44.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1175" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-06-17T18:17:44.633" Score="0" Body="Software Metrics are a measure of some property of a piece of software or its specifications.&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-06-17T18:17:44.633" LastActivityDate="2011-06-17T18:17:44.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2011-06-17T18:58:29.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mjtnet.com/index.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Macro Scheduler&lt;/a&gt; for about 9 months and have been able to do everything I have needed to do. (Automated testing of CADCAM software) I had used them previously with a different company and had great results there too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have an absolutely fantastic forums/support site. All messages get answered and its not uncommon to get multiple answers. The experienced users are vey willing to help newbies get up to speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prices start at $100 USD. Trial downloads available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="793" LastActivityDate="2011-06-17T18:58:29.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1171" CreationDate="2011-06-17T18:58:57.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had been through this when I was 4 months old in my company. To write test cases we need to read the requirements specification. I read the description of what the application is required to do along with mockup screens in the spec document which helped me to understand what the application does. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test cases were reviewed by the Team Lead and peers to help ensure the communication is clear and the logic has been understood in the right way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach would be  worthwhile if expert guidance from a Subject Matter Expert (SME) is provided to the new team and all their clarifications\questions regarding what the application really does is clarified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-06-17T18:58:57.393" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-06-17T18:58:57.393" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1127" CreationDate="2011-06-17T20:47:09.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may be completely useless for your specific situation but I have used something similar to this for a past project that required me to do an automated reliability test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hacknmod.com/hack/incredible-100-arduino-based-cnc-machine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://hacknmod.com/hack/incredible-100-arduino-based-cnc-machine/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Replace the router with a stylus/finger analogue and code up your test patterns in Python. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was something in the back of my mind that there was an easier way - Lego Mindstorms - Graphical programming interface and very flexible and may be within your budget. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="758" LastEditorUserId="758" LastEditDate="2011-07-19T22:16:54.580" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T22:16:54.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1179" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1180" CreationDate="2011-06-17T20:49:59.517" Score="9" ViewCount="373" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both the product I used to work on and the one I'm working on now have a fairly large and complex matrix of possible configurations, work-flows, and data scenarios.  The one product had, no joke, close to (if not more than) 100 boolean configuration flags, not all necessarily in one place, but many of them mutually incompatible (if I set this bit to true, I cannot use the feature activated when I set that bit to false) without any real internal validation in the application to prevent invalid configurations.  Additionally, while most of the users of this product used a standard configuration, all the users had some very unique combinations of configurations.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many new feature developments for the product were client driven in that the client submitted a change request with requirements and development was performed against those requirements.  But in those requirements for the change order, there was not always a transparency as to what the existing configurations were for the customer and so not a lot of clarity as to what the risk factors were for those non-standard configurations.  Because new features, once released, were released to all existing clients with current maintenance contracts, risk management dictated that we focus most time and effort on those commonly used configurations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, back then, and now, I've experienced a number of situations where those non-standard configurations have bitten us badly.  And the only way, really, to be aware of these is to have an exact copy of the client's current configurations.  But with a client base of hundreds of clients, each with a different configuration, it does not seem practical to run tests through ALL clients data for EVER development effort.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, there's a need at times to use client data during testing processes.  But there's also a need to prioritize test cases to those with the broadest impact on the most clients.  These seem to be, in part, conflicting needs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question then is: How does a software development organization building and modifying such a highly complex project determine when to use client data during pre-release testing processes while still maintaining time-boxed risk assessment necessary to meet delivery deadlines?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:23:28.823" Title="What criteria do I apply to a highly complex development project to warrant getting &quot;real world&quot; data?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1179" CreationDate="2011-06-17T21:14:45.773" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;On my team, the process is simple. We don't have automated tests, so pretty much all we get are using the real-world data, which is usually a week, month, or more out of date. It gets refreshed when someone either screws it up or they need to illustrate something that happened on life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You attempt to reproduce it on a system you use all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can't there, then you find out more about their settings, and go to a system that has that configuration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it still isn't able to be reproduced, we request a refresh of one of the systems from the live system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we still can't reproduce it from the live configuration, then we assume the users were lying (which actually has happened!) or that they didn't really understand the procedure/error/scenario and only thought there was a problem. This is rare, as the analysts usually squash these &quot;false bugs&quot; before they ever get to the development staff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line, you need a good way to export their configuration and load it in yours, if you don't have one already. You also need a good way of finding what configuration flags have the potential to cause problems in the areas they claim the error lies in. Then you don't have to use their exact configuration but can just tweak a couple on a system you use a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing an analysis of the most popular and most problematic combinations of non-standard configurations will help you a lot. Don't test every single one (or you'll never finish a project) but getting the ones that are fairly common, or have a history of causing problems, will net you great results in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:23:12.113" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:23:12.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1217" CreationDate="2011-06-17T21:30:14.570" Score="9" ViewCount="30293" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're trying to use Selenium 2.0b3 to verify behavior of a Java web site we've recently acquired from a third party.  The site often uses AJAX to plop HTML replacements onto the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Internet Explorer, however, findElement of any form input followed by sendKeys only works half the time.  For the findElement, we're using a WebDriverWait with an ExpectedCondition returning the element we want, and that returns successfully.  Observing the results of the sendKeys on this element, though, we often see nothing appear in the field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have no problems filling out login forms that are initially loaded when the HTML page initially loads; these problems seem to entirely occur on anything that's just been loaded with an innerHTML change through an asynchronous request.  (We also, perhaps unsurprisingly, don't have these problems with Firefox.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding arbitrary time delays after the page transition but before doing the findElement doesn't appear to help.  (I tried waiting for 10 seconds after we saw the async request finish setting innerHTML and the problem still occurred occasionally.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea what this might be, or how to work around it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Just to be clear, this is happening under IE with Selenium 2 WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="794" LastEditorUserId="794" LastEditDate="2011-06-20T13:36:06.887" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T11:28:18.620" Title="Selenium form input sendKeys doesn't always work under IE" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;ie8&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1179" CreationDate="2011-06-17T22:31:51.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I once worked on a financial services product with a large number of configuration settings -- perhaps as many as the questioner described.  We had many customers, each of whom had their own configuration.  All customers ran out of the same installation of the product, which we hosted in our data centre.  Our database contained every customer's configuration settings and all of their data, so we knew a lot about how the product was used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was unfeasible to test every feature against every customer's configuration.  However, in our product, it was never the case that product feature depended on every configuration setting.   I researched each feature to come up with a list of configuration settings that the feature depended on.  The list probably wasn't perfect -- I probably omitted something or unnecessary included something now and then -- but it was close.  I analyzed the variability in those settings to figure out which configurations were actually used and which were supported by unused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given those lists, I wrote automated tests that tested high-priority features against the cross-product of those settings or, when that wasn't feasible, I tried to use a pair-wise set of configurations.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach wasn't perfect, but it let us get out of the trap of deciding which company configurations were the most important.  The automated tests found bugs, and it seemed like our quality improved.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:23:20.790" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:23:20.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1171" CreationDate="2011-06-17T22:54:14.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a nice idea, as long as the new employees are willing to do it.  Someone fresh out of a university, having spent their time studying compilers, language theory, operating system design, complex data structures, and complicated optimization algorithms may pale at the thought of writing something as lowly as unit tests.  You and I know this stuff is important, but someone right out of school may not appreciate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But let's assume your new hires are open-minded and excited to be getting paid to write unit tests.  You are wise to think about they should begin.  Here are some things you can do to mitigate the risk you described:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pick a feature for them to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spend as much time as they need talking about the feature, describing its purpose, its trade-offs, its inputs, outputs, and configuration settings.  Draw architectural diagrams.   Even better, ask them describe the feature to you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask them to draw up a test plan, then review it thoroughly.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask them to code a few tests from the test plan, then review those.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've done that, you can hopefully trust them to implement the rest of the test plan.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-17T22:54:14.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1179" CreationDate="2011-06-18T01:34:16.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Configuration testing is a common software testing challenge. Configuration matrices can help outline common customer configurations and potentially even help identify some 'interesting' combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For highly complex configurations a good approach is a combinatorial testing approach using a pair-wise or other n-way analysis of the possible configuration settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend taking a look at PICT tool documentation which provides rich examples for configuration testing. &lt;a href=&quot;http://download.microsoft.com/download/f/5/5/f55484df-8494-48fa-8dbd-8c6f76cc014b/pict33.msi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://download.microsoft.com/download/f/5/5/f55484df-8494-48fa-8dbd-8c6f76cc014b/pict33.msi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:23:28.823" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:23:28.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1171" CreationDate="2011-06-18T02:12:13.967" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO just writing tests is a Bad idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want people to learn how to be unit testers then fine getting them to write tests &lt;strong&gt;for the codebase&lt;/strong&gt; will get them experience writing tests for the codebase. The will learn how to consume the code base, and not necessarily work on the code iself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want them to be actual developers, I would, instead have them fix actual bugs &lt;strong&gt;in the codebase&lt;/strong&gt; and write unit tests before and after as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-18T02:12:13.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1127" CreationDate="2011-06-18T02:18:27.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are somethings that are simply better tested manually, and I think that testing a touch screen is one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-18T02:18:27.227" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1187" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1191" CreationDate="2011-06-18T15:34:57.070" Score="6" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is easy to find claims about the benefit of different kinds of testing, particularly when the testing technique requires purchasing a product or spending money on consultants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone ever attempted to measure the return on investment of a testing technique?  If so, how did you do it and were you successful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-06T21:57:01.517" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T21:57:01.517" Title="Is the return on investment of any particular kind of testing measurable?" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1190" CreationDate="2011-06-18T15:43:56.653" Score="10" ViewCount="4616" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked at a company where unit tests ran as part of the build.  The build failed if the unit tests failed.  What are the benefits and disadvantages of that practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T14:53:56.320" Title="Should unit tests be executed as part of a build?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1188" CreationDate="2011-06-18T15:56:02.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a Team comprised of multiple developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before checking in the Code, Every Developer is expected to unit test their module &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the code is integrated, smoke testing / basic test cases need to be executed to verify integrated code works fine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are advantages of running unit test cases before build is provided to QA Team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build might succeed even and unit tests might fail. This situation is potentially identified before build is provided to QA Team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This would help to identify if there are failures due to files missed in build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running unit tests is fine, You can also run basic P1 cases to ensure functionality works fine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Earlier the bugs are detected lesser the cost required to fix it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-18T15:56:02.423" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1188" CreationDate="2011-06-18T16:36:41.193" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;We run unit tests prior to check-in and rerun them as part of a larger test suite on each daily build (feature branch) and weekly build (main branch; multiple feature branches aggregated).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some advantages we have found include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fewer build breaks, and virtually zero build breaks in main&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Additional test coverage for component/integration level testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helps improve unit tests by identifying tests that pass in isolation but fail in lab runs, or on different language versions, (test case reliability)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And proactively engages developers as part of the testing process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Makes unit testing transparent to the entire team (if a UT fails, a bug gets logged)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some potential cautions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;May cause a false sense of good test coverage if you assume that increasing code coverage == better testing, and may mask analysis of areas that are marked as covered (if doing white box structural analysis)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added test run time (may be an issue in smaller shops with limited resources)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overreliance on unit tests may lead to false sense of confidence and cause testers not to develop more robust tests in some areas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-07-03T14:53:56.320" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T14:53:56.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1187" CreationDate="2011-06-18T16:49:38.790" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Measuring ROI of just about anything is subjective because it often depends on context. For example there are many test automation ROI calculators and formulas running around the Internet, but all assume that we all automate our tests the same way, and they fail to take into account intangible value from automated tests (e.g. confidence, stability, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I and others have done case studies to evaluate benefits and limitations of various testing approaches in controlled settings. Of course, controlled settings don't necessarily mimick 'real-world' environments which is why some people reject these types of studies. But, sometimes even similar studies reveal a pattern that is rejected in favor of more commonly accepted folklore and emotional attachment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line, I don't think there is a one size fits all way to measure ROI of any testing approach; however, I do think that we can assess various testing approaches in different situations and derive patterns of benefits and limitations of those test approaches within appropriate contexts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="213" LastEditDate="2011-06-19T16:53:40.497" LastActivityDate="2011-06-19T16:53:40.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1188" CreationDate="2011-06-18T18:27:05.237" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit tests should always be run as a part of build. We have been doing that for over 2 years in our project and the benefits have always outweighed the disadvantages. Not only these are run with the build but we have checks in place which breaks the build when the coverage falls below a certain threshold (although I agree with Bj above on code covergae != good testing). Some of the benefits we see :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It brings a sense of urgency in the team to keep the unit tests always green else the build breaks. This leads to fewer breaking build over period of time with devs becomimg more disciplined w.r.t to executing unit tests before committing there code.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A failing test will always lead to a fix (test or code).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The code coverage and unit test execution trends can be analyzed over a period of time using tools like Sonar to detect grey spots and identify areas of improvement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Refactoring will be always covered by the safety net of unit tests running continuously as a part of CI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It acts as a first line of defence in case you aim for something like 'continuous delivery' where the software will pass through many automated gates/checks before being pushed to production (and major part of the complete process is automatic).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Its more transparent and effective this way.(think of distributed teams spread across the planet working on the same codebase in different timezones)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Its your unit level regression suite (a bug found should be added as test at unit level) .&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things to take care for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Code coverage is misleading in a sense that a covergae of 80% only means that 20% of the code has never been tested. So the unit tests should be meaningful and only than it would  be useful to run them with the build.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This should not lead to an excuse for not doing system/integeration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It should not slow down the build so much that it negates any meaningful aka quick feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2011-06-18T22:17:20.960" LastActivityDate="2011-06-18T22:17:20.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1187" CreationDate="2011-06-19T12:05:34.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the only thing I have come across, though I'm sure there have been other studies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://collaboration.csc.ncsu.edu/laurie/Papers/TDDpaperv8.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;An Initial Investigation of Test Driven Development In Industry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="797" LastActivityDate="2011-06-19T12:05:34.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1187" CreationDate="2011-06-19T12:37:11.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Never in terms pf $ for $.&#xA;We do however have to justify money being spent, for example we need another member for the execution team because we can only get to 50% coverage with out existing staff, or we need that test equipment since it will allow us performance testing in real life throughputs.&#xA;In my industry (embedded, consumer devices) and position (one of many test teams, faraway from upper management) it is almost impossible to produce a meaningful ROI estimation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-19T12:37:11.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1151" CreationDate="2011-06-20T01:29:43.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately Visual Studio Webtest was not built to validate the parameters but more to put load on a server as all it does is send a HTTP request and retrieve the request in raw format with all the headers and validates the request in its raw form. Hence you are getting the escaped characters due to the encoding performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to get around it, write your Webtest and then generate the code from the script within Visual Studio and then modify the validation script from a code level. Or create your own validator to verify the request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a better understanding of how the requests come and go, use Fiddler to analyse the incoming and outgoing packets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="745" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T01:29:43.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1196" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1197" CreationDate="2011-06-20T12:34:20.830" Score="6" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;On windows XP/7, is there a way to identify from a script (never mind the script language being used) that a disk is not a network or fixed drive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T11:21:33.603" Title="Is there a way to identify that a Disk is removable ?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1196" CreationDate="2011-06-20T12:58:51.010" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This VBS script will do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;dim filesys&#xA;set filesys = CreateObject(&quot;Scripting.FileSystemObject&quot;) &#xA;Set drv = filesys.GetDrive(&quot;C&quot;)&#xA; select case drv.DriveType &#xA;   case 0: drtype = &quot;Unknown&quot; &#xA;   case 1: drtype = &quot;Removable&quot; &#xA;   case 2: drtype = &quot;Fixed&quot; &#xA;   case 3: drtype = &quot;Network&quot; &#xA;   case 4: drtype = &quot;CD-ROM&quot; &#xA;   case 5: drtype = &quot;RAM Disk&quot;  &#xA;end select&#xA; MsgBox &quot;The specified drive is a &quot; &amp;amp; drtype &amp;amp; &quot; type disk.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.devguru.com/technologies/vbscript/quickref/drive_drivetype.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DevGuru&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T12:58:51.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1188" CreationDate="2011-06-20T15:25:25.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the sake of discussion... there are some real disadvantages for unit tests when done properly-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;New tests should be added for every new feature, and you can't release the code before the test is ready (I know, you can argue that you can bend the rules if needed, and that having unit tests is a good thing).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When doing major API changes you will have to rewrite your tests, this might take a while. see &quot;you can argue above&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;From my experience CI tends to be fragile enough even without unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T15:25:25.363" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1119" CreationDate="2011-06-20T16:19:04.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of your developpers are probably doing a combined BDD/TDD approach as described in &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/gg490346.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN Magazine: BDD Primer - Behavior-Driven Development with SpecFlow and WatiN&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see unittests as a kind of executable documentation that fail if the documentation (=testcode) or the some productioncode (that is called by the testcode) is wrong. Do you consider &quot;Updating Softwaredocumatation as unfair if it is outdated&quot;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as Unittestmethods have good names and are easy to read&#xA;i donot think that there is much need for extra ducumentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I totally agree with ReneS answer (+1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T16:19:04.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1196" CreationDate="2011-06-20T17:52:56.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's how you might do this using WinTask and the Win32 API GetDriveTypeA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'&#xA;' GetDriveType&#xA;'&#xA;' Author: Joe Strazzere&#xA;'&#xA;&#xA;dim a as unsigned    &#xA;dr$ = inputbox$(&quot;Enter the drive&quot;,&quot;GetDriveType&quot;,&quot;C:&quot;)    &#xA;a   = External(&quot;kernel32&quot;,&quot;GetDriveTypeA&quot;,dr$)&#xA;&#xA;Select Case a&#xA;&#xA;case 1    &#xA;  msgbox(&quot;Drive &quot;+dr$+&quot; was not found!&quot;,0,&quot;GetDriveType&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;case 2    &#xA;  msgbox(&quot;Drive &quot;+dr$+&quot; is a removable drive&quot;,0,&quot;GetDriveType&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;case 3    &#xA;  msgbox(&quot;Drive &quot;+dr$+&quot; is a fixed drive&quot;,0,&quot;GetDriveType&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;case 4    &#xA;  msgbox(&quot;Drive &quot;+dr$+&quot; is a network drive&quot;,0,&quot;GetDriveType&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;case 5    &#xA;  msgbox(&quot;Drive &quot;+dr$+&quot; is a CD-ROM drive&quot;,0,&quot;GetDriveType&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;case 6    &#xA;  msgbox(&quot;Drive &quot;+dr$+&quot; is a RAM drive&quot;,0,&quot;GetDriveType&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;case else    &#xA;  msgbox(&quot;I just don't know!&quot;,0,&quot;GetDriveType&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;endselect&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2005/01/wintask-getdrivetype.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2005/01/wintask-getdrivetype.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="141" LastEditDate="2011-06-21T11:21:33.603" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T11:21:33.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2011-06-20T18:38:00.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have successfully used &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/unboxed/icuke&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iCuke&lt;/a&gt; for creating &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt; automated acceptance tests. Everything is documented &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.jayway.com/2011/02/11/cucumber-tests-on-iphoneipad/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in this blog post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="808" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T18:38:00.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1203" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1205" CreationDate="2011-06-20T18:57:19.503" Score="13" ViewCount="2178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that a lead (at least in my employer's view) would be a highly technically experienced person who also does administrative duties and a manager would be more experienced with management and less technically inclined, what are the pros and cons of each position? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the reasons I've seen for a manager is that having a manager handle group coordination doesn't take an experienced tester away from testing. Conversely, one of the arguments I've seen for a lead is that having a high level of testing experience allows a testing lead to judge resource allocation more accurately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-22T12:02:46.837" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T18:09:50.200" Title="What are the pros and cons of a testing team having a lead vs having a manager?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1203" CreationDate="2011-06-20T19:20:28.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I see around me leads tend to lead smaller groups, and managers to manage bigger groups- away from low level technology and hand-on work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T19:20:28.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1203" CreationDate="2011-06-20T19:49:57.140" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your question assumes the positions are mutually exclusive, but I've worked places where we had a per-project lead and a cross-project manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the tradeoffs are the same as between a dev manager and a dev lead.  You need leaders in a team for mentoring, more difficult work, and technical direction.  Somewhere in the organization you need a manager who deals with compensation, budget, hiring, promotions, annual reviews, and so on.  And someone needs to help out with dispute resolution and coordination across teams -- that might be a lead or a manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also the player/coach model, where the leader is a manager who also participates in testing work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most likely, your company will try different models at different times, depending on the staffing situation, the individual personalities, and whether the number of previous reorgs is divisible by two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you try something, watch how it works, and iterate from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T19:49:57.140" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1203" CreationDate="2011-06-20T20:21:36.390" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel that either a manager or a lead should be there to regulate work NOT BOTH. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Lead typically allocates work to the team, reviews progress and reports on the status to the stakeholders. He does not do much work and as a consequence may not possess good enough technical skills to guide the team when they are stuck with technical issues. Exceptions are there. If the team lead is sound technically as well, which is rare I would recommend having both lead and manager. In majority of the cases, the manager and the lead have the same roles and responsibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The manager unlike a team lead has powers to promote based on performance. But again the performance feedback is collected from the Team Lead. I see that there is a lot of redundancy in the roles and responsibilities of the two. If an employee takes part in several initiatives apart from his own regular work, in most cases the managers tend to recognize it. The Lead is more concerned about the team's core task and does not look at the overall achievements of the team. Since there are redundancies in the roles and the managers are capable of doing a lot more than a lead, I recommend having a manager. To reiterate, there are exceptions and if the Lead is an expert technically we could have both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T20:21:36.390" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1220" CreationDate="2011-06-20T20:33:18.820" Score="7" ViewCount="37107" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is shakeout testing? Googling gives things such as, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To identify an initial test which&#xA;  verifies that a load has been&#xA;  successful and all software is&#xA;  accessible and functioning as&#xA;  expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what does that mean? What load? &quot;Functioning as expected&quot; sounds like a lot of other testing is happening, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="809" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T17:37:40.093" Title="What is shakeout testing?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1203" CreationDate="2011-06-20T21:08:38.977" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As there are many responses that present the perspective on the role of a lead vs. a manager, I am editing my answer to, hopefully, better answer your question  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros and cons of direct reporting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Direct report to manager is beneficial when&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  .. a manager is considerably involved in the project, is aware of requirements, due dates and can be a part of team meetings, let's say 3 days a week, can meet with individual members at least once in two weeks to guide them and get feedback.  In short, if a manager can lead the team, it eliminates the requirement of an additional individual from budget perspective.  From team member's perspective, their manager is directly aware of their performances and is in a better situation to review them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Direct report to a lead is beneficial when&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. the manager is managing multiple projects and lot of people.  This is when manager needs a lead to lead an individual project&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. Also, if a manager is not technically so sound, he/she will need a person who can take the responsibility of the project's technical wing, and lead the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Previous Response&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lead is someone who is technically sound, and has the ability to understand the product from technical and business perspective and is able to 'lead' the team by setting up goals and guiding the team members in their tasks.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A manager is one who manages the team which may include all of the above plus the HR related stuff i.e. reviews, promotions, granting days off, etc.  A manager may not necessarily have in depth knowledge of each project if he/she is managing multiple projects.  There may be one manager managing a QA, product and a development team, but leads are specific to one team.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not see the necessity to have a manager for each group (QA, dev, product, etc.) unless it is a large group.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can say that manager count will depend more on the number of people in the unit (let's say technology), and the lead count will depend more the number of teams.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another major difference is that a manager can lead a team, but a lead does not have the power to perform the HR-related tasks.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: My answer is mainly based on my experience in the technology teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2011-06-22T18:09:50.200" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T18:09:50.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1207" CreationDate="2011-06-20T21:47:11.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe it comes from a Shakedown cruise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Shakedown cruise is a nautical term in which the performance of a ship is tested. Shakedown cruises are also used to familiarize the ship's crew with operation of the craft.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So essentially, it's a full blown run of the software, but you're not yet doing mission critical work. I personally would consider a beta stage to be a shakeout test. This is especially true considering the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;These test cruises are sometimes made with passengers traveling at a discount.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T21:47:11.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1207" CreationDate="2011-06-20T21:49:39.543" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I wouldn't worry about it.  There is no ISO standard definition for a shakeout test for software.  People have all kinds of terms for distinguishing one kind of testing from another but everyone uses them differently.  It's more important to understand that how you test depends on your goals (e.g. accepting a customized product before writing a big check, making sure a change works before you check it in to your version control system, or making sure a build installs and performs essential functions before you unleash your entire test team on it) and circumstances (e.g. product has been completely rewritten, an independent subsystem was refactored but its interface did not change, or a developer made a small, isolated tweak that feels low-risk because you reviewed the source code).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Names are just names.  In our business, what matters is understanding why you do what you do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-07-18T15:40:30.970" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T15:40:30.970" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1098" CreationDate="2011-06-20T22:46:10.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this site which does pretty much most of what we needed and seems to fit the bill nicely, at least for distribution of the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.airdrop.me/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.airdrop.me/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="686" LastActivityDate="2011-06-20T22:46:10.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1212" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-20T23:05:57.990" Score="9" ViewCount="6447" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I've been testing on an ETL/Data warehouse project and the strategy I took was to work very closely with the business and leverage their knowledge to come up with all the weird and wonderful use cases with which they would have as well as testing your usual data integrity, transformations, lookups etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of that I built an automation tool that takes in XML business rules to compare schemas, data, lookups and making sure the data flowed correctly end to end without truncations, calculation errors, etc. Admittedly it's a work in progress and I only spent 2 days on it but it does 90% of the job for me so that the rest of the time, my team and I could test scenarios that the business had and a few of our own and also within the business requirement limits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However we found a host of new issues in UAT that points to new scenarios that does not conform to the business rules or business processes and hence breaks the code. The scenarios are not simple scenarios or logical scenarios. E.g. A piece of cargo currently resides in the UK and Australia AND New Zealand. Mainly it's a clash of conflicting source data because people somehow entered the same data from different sources so that data is valid on it's own but together does not make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience being quite shallow in the world of ETL so I'd like to throw the question out there, so do you -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test everything to business requirements and contracts between the sources and deal with these &quot;oddball&quot; scenarios in UAT and BAU?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;like web/desktop applications and assume that people using their systems can do absolutely everything and anything and assume the worst and test everything? (Exhaustive testing, which is impossible cause permutations are almost infinite)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or Is there a happy medium?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="745" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T06:56:35.547" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T13:34:38.227" Title="How far would you go in ETL and data warehouse testing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;data-warehouse-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1187" CreationDate="2011-06-21T00:24:02.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it can be measured &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but NOT always quantitatively !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples which I have had experience with -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quantity - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Man hours/$s saved by automating a set of regression tests which were previously taking X no. of man hours &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Further to above, those Man hours saved yielded in these number of new bugs detected( because testers could focus on &quot;other&quot; stuff) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adopting this new tool, has reduced the app compile time by x number of minutes .&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adopting this new tool , has reduced the test execution time by x number of times .&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In tangible - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This process change/tool has resulted in reduced response time by tech support and hence we have recieved postivie feedback from customers (include testimonials)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This process changes has resulted in improved communication between cross functional teams ( example - critical issue highlighted earlier as compared to the &quot;older&quot; process) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This process has brought out the conflict , in the open . This conflict resulted in us not delivering our last deliverable in time, the last time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;These changes have resulted in a happier team (elicit feedback) and new energy amongst the team.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally , I have experienced examples like the above,where you can advocate new initiatives/changes and try &amp;amp; capture both the tangible &amp;amp; intangible ROI on those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T00:24:02.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1212" CreationDate="2011-06-21T00:31:21.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not possible to do exhaustive testing in the context of data warehousing. I had been into ETL testing. There was a corner case bug in which if there is a lock created on one of the tables in the source database, the migration of data to the destination DB failed. &lt;strong&gt;Is it possible for any tester to imagine a scenario where table gets locked automatically during a transaction?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We created a lock using SQL to reproduce the issue in test environment. However, on debugging LIVE logs in real-time, we found that the lock was created due to a long running SQL query which tried to fetch a record from millions of rows of data. The bug caused missing transactions and around $400K loss of money to client. We fixed the issue and brainstormed ways to improve test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ETL testing is a critical area and since it is DB-related there are many variables other than permutation-combination that impact it. I would recommend you to do exhaustive testing for the basic functionalities of the system without worrying about 100% test coverage. The above issue is a DB design issue which is out of tester's control. If the DB is partitioned properly the SQL query can fetch data quickly even if there are 1000 users using it. We moved the records that could not be migrated successfully to an exception queue as a temporary solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue you had cited looks more like a product design/architecture issue which should have been caught in the code review/peer review by the DEV. The product should allow users from UK, Australia and New Zealand to concurrently use the system. When they enter the same data there should not be any clash/conflict.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2011-06-21T00:44:04.093" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T00:44:04.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2011-06-21T02:20:13.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;PerfectoMobile.com and DeviceAnywhere.com provide services where you can run scripts against racked devices in their data center.   They both provide access to a variety of devices; you get a remote view of the screen and can script various touch and hardware events.    Scripting tools provide for bitmap and OCR recognition.&#xA;We have experimented with both, but it's too early to say how they'll work long term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="271" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T02:20:13.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1216" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-21T10:25:51.063" Score="19" ViewCount="3536" Body="&lt;p&gt;When there is a new build we perform smoke testing,in few projects they call it as sanity testing. Can someone please elaborate on the difference between the both?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T12:09:59.933" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T12:09:59.933" Title="What is the difference between sanity and smoke testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1181" CreationDate="2011-06-21T10:41:47.647" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds similar to a problem I dealt with recently using watir-webdriver (which, if you're using webdriver will be similar). In my case I was able to resolve/ workaround by sending a click at the element (to select it) before using sendKeys. So I suggest you could try sending a click to the element before using sendKeys. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="324" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T10:41:47.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1203" CreationDate="2011-06-21T10:46:40.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my experience&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lead role typically does not involve people management. This is technically inclined, planning, execution of project. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manager role typically involve people management, monitoring project execution and costs, minimal hands on.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few Questions to look at&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manager should be able to guide, mentor the team, understand the technical landscape. Manager who typically acts as 'Mail Manager'- Forwarding reports, tracking status would find it tough estimating/troubleshooting technical challenges during project execution. As long as manager is techinically passionate, able to jump into the issue, troubleshoot and fix the issue. This should help the team to pass thru challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This question also depends on maturity of the team. In a team comprised of junior testers you would need a lead to ramp up the team with adequate skills&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you have a mature team which can execute based on high level guidance without much micro management, manager might be a good option&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T10:46:40.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1216" CreationDate="2011-06-21T11:45:43.743" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;In most shops, there is no difference.  Often, they are two names for the same process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, they are a subset of all your test cases, covering the main functionality of your system, to ascertain that the most crucial features are working, but not bothering with finer details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many times the smoke test/sanity test is used as a gateway, through which the build must pass before it's deemed worthy of more in-depth testing.  If the build fails this test, it goes back to the dev team for fixing.  If it passes, the test team then digs in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T11:45:43.743" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1207" CreationDate="2011-06-21T11:52:59.887" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often the terms &quot;Shakeout (or Shakedown) Testing&quot;, &quot;Smoke Testing&quot;, and &quot;Sanity Testing&quot; are used synonymously, with &quot;Shakeout/Shakedown&quot; being the least common of the terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Smoke Test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A subset of all defined/planned test cases that cover the main functionality of a component or system, to ascertain that the most crucial functions of a program work, but not bothering with finer details.  A daily build and smoke test is among industry best practices.  [ISTQB] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T11:52:59.887" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1216" CreationDate="2011-06-21T12:42:29.660" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sanity and Smoke testing are conflated. They are &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; the same and they have a different purpose!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke tests determines whether it is possible to &quot;&lt;strong&gt;continue&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; testing and sanity tests determines whether it is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;reasonable&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A smoke test should only ensure that&#xA;  application launches and that all the&#xA;  interfaces are responsive. You do not&#xA;  test a subset of functionality in a&#xA;  smoke test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A sanity test should ensure that the&#xA;  application is in a state that it is&#xA;  ready for more rigorous testing. This&#xA;  is done by executing a small subset of&#xA;  you functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Joe suggests, they are often used as a gate to make sure that time isn't wasted on testing a build that is fundamentally flawed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="867" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T07:55:21.777" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T07:55:21.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1216" CreationDate="2011-06-21T13:52:03.183" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to muddy the waters even more I'm going to throw in &quot;it depends&quot;. If you're looking for a practical answer within your own company then I'd ask them, as they are terms that change for different domains. Sometimes they are the same, sometimes they differ, and often they are defined at the whim of whomever writes the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stuartf's answer is as close to an &quot;offical&quot; definition as you will get. A little history and context will help display the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Smoke tests&lt;/strong&gt; refer orignally to hardware testing, wherein a device would be plugged in and if it started to smoke then it was unplugged as no further testing was required. It doesn't work, there is no point in testing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanity tests&lt;/strong&gt; are, traditionally (in other realms of testing) tests that establish whether or not a result could be true, rather than if it is true, that is to say if the output is &quot;sane&quot;. If you put &quot;9&quot; into the function &quot;squareroot()&quot; and get &quot;badger&quot; you have failed a sanity test. If you get, say, a positive number less than 9 then you have passed it, even if the number is not &quot;3&quot;. This is why they refer to tests that ensure that the system is working enough to be tested - it is giving a sane response to basic tests, therefore it is not a waste of time to run full functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The confusion comes when lost in the complexity of software - at what point is the system testable? How can we see if smoke is coming out of it when it only breaks when a certian section of the code is run? It differs from project to project, evidently. Also in order to do a smoke test you need to use your testing framework (manual or otherwise) to actually check if the system is running and responsive; so in many cases they ARE a subset of functional tests. So the definitions are different, but are (often erroneously) used interchangably on a practical level. Hopefully knowing the context will give some meaning to the words, even if they both reduce (practically and contextually) to &quot;give it a kick and see what happens&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their purpose is similiar in software testing, to save time on running a full regression suite and finding out that the system falls over because of a base error. The reason being that a basic error in the system has to be fixed, and that fix affects the system, and the testing should then be restarted, so the quicker that larger, high priority errors can be found the better. For example a web application may be spidered for 404 errors and broken links before long, slow, functional tests are run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that's helpful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="729" LastEditorUserId="729" LastEditDate="2011-06-21T14:09:06.233" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T14:09:06.233" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1225" CreationDate="2011-06-21T20:53:39.050" Score="8" ViewCount="9623" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked this question in an interview recently. Just wanted to see what your opinions were on this...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="786" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-22T11:51:22.083" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T11:47:18.970" Title="What is the difference between regression testing and re-testing?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-21T12:28:45.660" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1228" CreationDate="2011-06-21T21:00:21.043" Score="15" ViewCount="1101" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a feature is delivered, we have recently started to perform exploratory testing on the feature before we execute manual functional tests. We find 95% of the defects during exploratory testing so is it worth while spending the time to write a full suite of manual functional tests if hardly any defects are found from them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="786" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-22T18:26:22.730" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T22:02:01.693" Title="Can exploratory testing replace executing manual functional tests?" Tags="&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2011-06-21T21:07:45.047" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regression testing is specifically looking for bugs in functionality that was previously working and has &quot;regressed&quot; to a non-working state.  I've never heard &quot;retesting&quot; used except in a common-sense way:  Retesting is simply testing something again after it has been previously tested, and is a more general term since retesting doesn't say anything about the state of the software before retesting.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can retest functionality that has never worked by running tests on it again, but you can't regression test functionality that has never worked properly because only functionality that has worked previously can &quot;regress&quot; to a non-working state.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T21:07:45.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2011-06-21T21:08:01.960" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;These definitions will vary from one organization to the next.  In the testing jobs I've had, regression testing has meant testing that verifies that features that used to work still work.  In that context, a regression is a bug that did not exist in an earlier version of the product.  In the testing jobs I've had, regression testing occurs after all new features have been tested, although the timing of regression testing is not essential to its definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Re-testing is what it sounds like: testing something again.  You could say that regression testing is re-testing with a particular goal (looking for bugs in things that used to work) in the specific context (in a product for which an earlier version exists).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-21T21:25:23.670" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T21:25:23.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-21T21:20:38.990" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer assumes you believe you are leveraging exploratory testing as well as you can; in other words, that you do not believe you can discover more than 95% of your defects via exploratory testing.  I think the gist of your question is, &quot;Is it worth the additional work of having a full suite of manual tests in order to uncover the other 5% of defects.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You and your team need to decide whether skipping the additional testing is worth the risk of letting a bug slip through.  When considering the risk, think about the kinds of bugs that might slip through, the frequency of those bugs (i.e. will the circumstances be rare or common?), the severity (when the bug occurs, how detrimental will it be?), and how forgiving you think your customers will be (e.g. high-tech early adopters may be more forgiving than online banking customers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from that, you need to consider how your customers will perceive your testing process.  In some industries, your testing  process is a private, internal matter.  In other industries, having a &lt;em&gt;well-documented&lt;/em&gt; process that is strictly followed is a necessary condition towards achieving a certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, how you answer those questions may change over time as your product, organization, and customer base matures.  It may be that today your exploratory testing is enough, but in two years you need to invest the extra effort in a manual test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T22:02:01.693" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T22:02:01.693" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-21T21:21:22.710" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you think you would find the remaining 5% of bugs that are currently found by a suite of manual tests if you spent that time doing exploratory testing instead?  Would managers have the confidence in test coverage that they need to make decisions without those functional tests?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the biggest risk of not having a manual functional test suite would be a reduction in coverage so that things might get missed.  However, a &quot;full suite&quot; of manual regression tests might not be necessary to ensure that coverage.  Automated tests are often considered an ideal alternative since they simplify regression testing and save testing time long-term.  They can really free up your exploratory manual testers so they can focus on the most productive forms of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also try guided exploratory testing, where testers are given a checklist instead of fully scripted manual tests, and then the testers just make sure they cover the checklist as they perform exploratory testing, in addition to anything else they think is worth trying.  This technique is sometimes called &quot;Guided exploratory testing&quot;.  This might be a great alternative for your team since it sounds like you have some very skilled exploratory testers on hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T21:52:39.163" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T21:52:39.163" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-21T21:35:40.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, you can regularly go through the manual functional test suite, let's say every other release cycle or once a month, and deprecate the not-so critical Test Cases.  Keeping the manual functional test suite well groomed, you can make sure that they only test the critical scenarios.  This will save you time and make sure that the code does not go in production with the bugs in critical components that should have been very obvious find had you run the functional test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on how regularly you groom your test suite, it should take minimal time relatively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T21:35:40.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2011-06-21T22:09:59.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regression testing is testing if the existing functionality is not broken due to the implementation of new features. For example I would like to test if the existing security of the facebook application is not broken by the implementation of its new feature &quot;X&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Re-testing is the testing done by the tester to check if the application works properly after a bug is fixed. The application should be re-tested after the issues are fixed or got resolved in the later builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T22:09:59.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-21T22:23:06.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exploratory tests can help to plan and write an effective functional test suite. When we are  required to test a new feature it is always better to explore it before planning or automating it. Exploratory testing can generate new testing ideas/path and can reveal uncovered areas for testing as we explore the software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Ethel Evans said with automation we can better track the test coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover automation is &lt;strong&gt;cheaper&lt;/strong&gt; than manual testing. Hence exploratory testing should be used to complement the running of functional test suite and not replace it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T22:23:06.293" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1236" CreationDate="2011-06-21T23:02:47.413" Score="11" ViewCount="1958" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some organizations, individual contributors have the opportunity to interview their prospective manager.  What should testers look for in a testing manager?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-22T12:13:28.233" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T12:13:28.233" Title="What should you look for in a testing manager?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;culture&gt;&lt;people&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1232" CreationDate="2011-06-21T23:34:49.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I envy those organizations! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I'd think a testing manager would need to have experience working with a testing group - not necessarily as a manager, but certainly with some level of administrative experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd look for familiarity with a range of software development methodologies, particularly how the methodologies impact testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Willingness to advocate for the testing team even in the face of hostility from other aspects of the organization is a big plus - in a developer-centric organization, someone who's willing to fight for the need to test and to schedule regression is a massive plus (this kind of situation tends to be kind of rough on the poor sod who ends up there, though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Flexibility about how things are done is essential: testing is one of those &quot;there is no one, true way&quot; kind of things where the right answer is the one that best fits the situation at the time - a person constantly trying to push those square pegs into every hole regardless of what shape the hole is isn't going to do well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technical expertise is nice-to-have, but without it a willingness to listen to the people who do have the technical knowledge (be it domain knowledge, tool knowledge, current skill-sets, or anything else) is essential. It's essential anyway, but becomes more important when the manager doesn't have the expertise themselves. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably the most important thing I'd look for is the ability - and willingness - to say to the team &quot;This isn't working. I'm out of ideas. What do you all think?&quot; And then listen to the responses and act on them. Because sometimes no matter how good someone is, they get it wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-06-21T23:34:49.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-21T23:43:09.763" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In using &quot;exploratory&quot; testing we've found that it's VERY dependant on the testers experience and understanding of the system. If the tester has a broad knowledge of how the software should work and what should be displayed then they'll be able to catch all those little bugs. The manual process may provide better coverage but might miss an element that should be displayed on an existing report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exploratory testing is very good for bringing in external users. Less step by step with the freedom to roam throughout the application. With this being said exploratory isn't the best style when data integrity is involved... just my two bits. Happy testing all!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="512" LastEditorUserId="512" LastEditDate="2011-07-11T18:44:34.483" LastActivityDate="2011-07-11T18:44:34.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-22T01:31:05.303" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Is it worth while spending the time to write a full suite of manual functional tests if hardly any defects are found from them?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That depends - is the purpose of writing them to find defects? If so, then it sounds like you would be better off putting your energy into spending more time testing. If you're considering dropping them, then it doesn't sound like you have any contractual or political obligations to produce them. Manual functional test suites tend to be expensive to produce and expensive to maintain, so unless you have really good reasons for producing that documentation there are probably better ways to spend your money/time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what's stopping you? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some common concerns might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) How do we look at how well we're covering the system with our tests? Isn't there a risk that we'll all end up running the same tests? Or maybe we'll all run the same sort of tests and nobody will think of testing security, or installation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a concern for you, then one way of approaching this would be to write a set of exploratory test charters instead of test scripts. This article by Michael Kelly gives a good explanation of &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/tip/Using-session-based-test-management-for-exploratory-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;managing testing with charters&lt;/a&gt;, part of a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.michaeldkelly.com/archives/334&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;series&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also been really enjoying Darren McMillan's blog posts about how he's using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bettertesting.co.uk/content/?p=956&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mindmapping to plan his testing&lt;/a&gt; and record test sessions. I haven't used mindmapping seriously yet for ET myself, but the mindmaps I see other exploratory testers using are just such a lovely clear way of presenting what was covered, and it's much easier to see gaps that remain to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) How do we prove what we did?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't have to write stuff down before you test, to prove that you tested it. You can write stuff down &lt;em&gt;while&lt;/em&gt; you test, and then you can still respond to what you're finding. (Actually, making good notes while you test is a lot more likely to reflect what you really tested than making them before - most scripted testers I've observed frequently went &quot;off-script&quot;, so the scripts weren't a good guide to what was tested.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some good resources/ideas on recording ET sessions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quicktestingtips.com/tips/2009/11/template-for-session-notes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.quicktestingtips.com/tips/2009/11/template-for-session-notes/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/53/alternatives-to-session-tester-for-recording-exploratory-test-session-results&quot;&gt;Alternatives to Session Tester for recording exploratory test session results&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here's a great list of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/resources.html#exploratory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;general resources about exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T00:04:10.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1232" CreationDate="2011-06-22T04:02:12.643" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good test manager has a number of key attributes. I tend to think that the best managers are like good, professional sports coaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They have played &quot;the game&quot;, at the highest levels, they know what is required to be successful and achieve the results you are after. Translated, they should be a great tester themselves and be able to test hands on if required.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They should inspire others to greatness. A good manager should be able to motivate and inspire the team to function as a team, as opposed to a group of champions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They should provide the best equipment. A good manager will ensure that the team has the tools that it needs to do the job, and do whatever is required to buy, build, beg, borrow or steal them. (Stealing not recommended).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They need to protect the team from outside influences. A good manager will act as a proxy for the team, and be their voice or fight the fight on their behalf, to clear any obstacles, allowing them to just get the job done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would ask the question, &quot;If you had to say you were a sports coach, or a military leader or politician, which would you pick and why?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-06-22T07:12:41.450" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T07:12:41.450" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1232" CreationDate="2011-06-22T04:23:59.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would look for a leader rather than a manager. A leader who can inspire me and others on my team by sheer weight of his knowledge and work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with whatever has been said by Bruce and probably some of points below might look like rephrased sentences (still I would give it a shot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One who enables the team to realize&#xA;its potential by providing the&#xA;support it takes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone who is like a breath of fresh&#xA;air; bringing new ideas,insights and&#xA;ways of working and thinking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One whos is not afraid of getting his&#xA;hands dirty with the real job every&#xA;now and than.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who can exert influence not only on&#xA;the team but across the organization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who not only solves a problem for the&#xA;team but puts in place&#xA;proceses/systems which prevent&#xA;similar situations in future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T04:23:59.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2011-06-22T04:38:57.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Re-testing is just testing the bug fix and regression testing is something when a bug is fixed it doesn't affect the other functionalities in the application.When regression testing is done its like testing the whole application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T04:38:57.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1232" CreationDate="2011-06-22T04:46:26.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with the above answers few more points based on my experience.A manager should be like a role model in every aspect. I would want the manager,&#xA;1. To be more patient and understand our problems.&#xA;2. Take good suggestions from the team members and implement the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T04:46:26.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-22T06:30:30.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exploratory and Manual testing are not mutually exclusive, you probably mean scripted regression vs. exploratory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T06:30:30.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1232" CreationDate="2011-06-22T06:39:00.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Picking the right answer from the excellent advises given here also depends on the size of the team, a manager for a 2 person test team is different than a group of 300 testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T06:39:00.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1098" CreationDate="2011-06-22T07:18:56.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to build your own there is a screencast on how to do beta invites in Ruby on Rails here &lt;a href=&quot;http://railscasts.com/episodes/124-beta-invitations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;railscasts.com/episodes/124-beta-invitations&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be able to adapt that solution to fit your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T07:18:56.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-22T11:51:37.060" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We find 95% of the defects during exploratory testing so isit worth while spending the time to write a full suit of manual functional tests if hardly any defects are found from them???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that you find 95% of the bugs you currently find using one approach is interesting.  But the real questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;are you being effective?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are you finding all the important bugs with this approach?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are you finding all the important bugs at all? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What do you miss by focusing most/all of your efforts on this one approach?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I find 100 bugs in total, and I found 95 of them using exploratory testing, but another 100 bugs that I didn't find are subsequently reported after I go into Production, then I have probably failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If on the other hand, no bugs are reported after I go into Production, I'd dig in and consider the value of finding the 5 bugs using non-exploratory methods.  I might determine that a bit more exploratory testing would have found them, or that the only way I could have found them was using a different approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T11:51:37.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1244" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-06-22T12:05:12.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test management&lt;/a&gt; most commonly refers to the activity of managing the computer software testing process. A test management tool is software used to manage tests (automated or manual) that have been previously specified by a test procedure. It is often associated with automation software. Test management tools often include requirement and/or specification management modules that allow automatic generation of the requirement test matrix (RTM), which is one of the main metrics to indicate functional coverage of a system under test (SUT).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T12:48:46.927" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T12:48:46.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1245" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-06-22T12:05:12.047" Score="0" Body="Use for questions about managing the test process, including organizing test cases and test results. " OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T18:06:46.040" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T18:06:46.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1247" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-06-22T12:36:23.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regression testing&lt;/a&gt; is any type of software testing that seeks to uncover new software bugs, or regressions, in existing functional and non-functional areas of a system after changes, such as enhancements, patches or configuration changes, have been made to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The intent of regression testing is to ensure that a change such as those mentioned above has not introduced new faults. One of the main reasons for regression testing is to determine whether a change in one part of the software affects other parts of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Common methods of regression testing include re-running previously-completed tests and checking whether program behavior has changed and whether previously-fixed faults have re-emerged. Regression testing can be used to test a system efficiently by systematically selecting the appropriate minimum set of tests needed to adequately cover a particular change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/via wikipedia/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T16:12:09.243" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T16:12:09.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1248" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-06-22T12:36:23.983" Score="0" Body="Regression testing is testing that is carried out on previously tested features, right after any change is introduced to this feature. &#xD;&#xA;The purpose of regression testing is to ensure the newly introduced change has not broken the feature it is introduced to." OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:23:05.440" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:23:05.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2011-06-22T13:00:45.587" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do you do with your scripted manual tests?  If they are just executed by testers once or twice then tossed you probably can change your process &amp;amp; reduce/eliminate the extra paperwork.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if any one else is using them, then consider the impact outside of QA before elimating them.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Do you have requirements so that the legal department is expecting them to be there?  Or do you do test plan reviews that coders, analysts or others expect &amp;amp; use to help them identify gaps or other issues?  Do some tests get rolled into long term regression meaning someone else may have to pick up writing those?  (And I'm sure there are other things I'm not thinking of.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you find &amp;amp; address any downstream impact of changing the process, I'd say less paperwork to write &amp;amp; maintain is usually better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T13:00:45.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1250" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-22T14:28:14.607" Score="3" ViewCount="6425" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a Selenium-like tool to test Flash-based web applications (specifically a guided interview with questions and form fields that the user navigates through to produce a document at the end). I would like to create automated scripts with set content to run through the tools for QA purposes.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="823" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T11:52:04.917" Title="Looking for a test tool for Flash-based web applications. Any ideas?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1250" CreationDate="2011-06-22T15:53:21.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/flex-ui-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flex-ui-selenium&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/flash-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flash selenium&lt;/a&gt;; both extensions to existing selenium RC adding flash communication capabilities to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another quiet interesting tool with which some people around me have gone much farther is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.riatest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RIAtest&lt;/a&gt;. Its similar to the unit testing framework for flex called flex-unit but is used for GUI automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and finally I have remotely heard of &lt;a href=&quot;http://flexmonkey.gorillalogic.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flex monkey&lt;/a&gt; (yet anoter gui automation tool)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T15:53:21.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1252" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-06-22T17:37:22.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Team management is the process of organizing a team of individual contributors.  Alternatively, team management is the set of individuals who organize teams of individual contributions.  Contrast with the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/test-management&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;test-management&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;test-management&lt;/a&gt; tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22114" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2020-01-01T07:50:32.837" LastActivityDate="2020-01-01T07:50:32.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1253" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-06-22T17:37:22.147" Score="0" Body="Team management is the process of organizing a team of individual contributors.  Alternatively, team management is the set of individuals who organize teams of individual contributions.  Contrast with the [test-management] tag." OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2020-01-01T07:50:36.107" LastActivityDate="2020-01-01T07:50:36.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1254" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1265" CreationDate="2011-06-22T17:59:51.743" Score="11" ViewCount="3119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some applications generate emails.  There may be multiple email formats based on the purpose of the message.  The email may be destined for a single individual or a group.  It may also be locale-dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I automate testing that (1) an application sends an email and (2) the content of the email is correct?  (I am not trying to automate determining whether the email renders correctly.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T18:24:40.783" LastActivityDate="2018-09-21T22:33:14.070" Title="Testing email generation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1257" CreationDate="2011-06-22T18:26:16.193" Score="4" ViewCount="4702" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know how you can automate the registration process for a site that requires a unique email address or username each time, using Selenium IDE. My only thought would be to insert an appropriately formatted random string into the username or email field; this could be done easily with the Python or Java version of the test case code, but what about in the initial Selenium Core syntax?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastEditorUserId="784" LastEditDate="2011-06-22T18:43:31.117" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:42:46.787" Title="Creating test cases for site registration using Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1256" CreationDate="2011-06-22T18:36:27.777" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I normally just record all the steps then prefeace with some JS where i need it.. like... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Math.round (Math.random() * 1357)&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;random&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;email&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;selenium${random}@domain.com&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Works best if you have a catch-all address configured for testing @domain.com..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quick and dirty but does the job, and points dev's in the right direction for when they compile more re-usable test cases or add it to a framework..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2011-06-22T18:36:27.777" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1259" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1263" CreationDate="2011-06-22T23:37:13.000" Score="6" ViewCount="727" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in a primarily Windows / .NET system.  I've written a test framework in C# that includes a test harness that runs fixtures (anything that implements the ITestFixture interface).  These fixtures are the interface between my framework and the SUT (System Under Test), and sometimes they have dependencies on SUT methods or objects.  Nothing else in my framework depends on the code of the SUT.  I am testing multiple projects, which have relatively little to do with each other, and will be testing more and more over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, I have a test solution in .NET that has all of my test framework code . . . and all of the fixtures, and all of their dependencies.  The result is a giant test framework solution with a ton of dependencies.  This doesn't seem like a very good way to do things in the long-term.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another alternative that we are discussing is having me create a &quot;Common.Test&quot; project that essentially includes the interface for the fixtures, and maybe a few utility functions.  Developers would then include a &quot;SUT.Test&quot; project (where SUT is whatever the system under test is called) that includes their fixtures and depends on the Common.Test project.  Fixtures would be compiled as part of their solutions, and the test harness would load their fixtures from their .dll files dynamically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do either of these options (fixtures in the test solution with tons of dependencies, or fixtures in the SUT code that are dynamically loaded by the harness) sound better than the other to experienced automation testers?  Are there other options that I'm missing that should be considered?  If you use fixtures, what does your team do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-06-24T03:16:26.257" Title="Where should test fixture code live?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1260" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1298" CreationDate="2011-06-23T00:40:32.823" Score="24" ViewCount="3045" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a project I've been working on, we've been steadily increasing the code coverage through tests. Some of these tests were done as integration tests and some as unit tests. The integration tests can sometimes take a long time, thus discouraging users from running the entire test suite prior to checking in (and understandably so). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some recommended strategies for separating unit tests from integration tests in such a way that we can easily run both from Hudson, while allowing code coverage statistics for both the unit tests alone and both sets of tests combined? (I'm assuming there's no value in getting the code coverage statistics from the integration tests alone, but if you think that's a bad assumption, please let me know that as well.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, this is a Java application using Maven as the build manager and Subversion as the version control system, with most developers using a NetBeans IDE, and also using Spring heavily along with some new JMockit and AspectJ code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The types of things I'm wanting to know are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Currently, NetBeans has a tool for automatically creating Unit Tests for you. It puts them in a src\test directory hierarchy that mirrors the src\main directory hierarchy for your main project. Should I create a src\integrationTest directory or something to specifically house integration tests to make for easy separation, or is it typical to use a naming convention to distinguish between the two types of tests, or perhaps an Annotation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Along the same lines as #1, are there any Maven patterns for separating integration tests from unit tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a standard check-in hook for Subversion to force developers to run the unit tests, but not the integration tests, prior to check-in? (This last one is less important than #1 or #2, but would still be nice.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if you've got experience doing this with different tools, I'd like to hear what your practices are there as well. It could be that a good practice with another set of tools maps to my set of tools fairly simply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="576" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-04T14:10:36.820" LastActivityDate="2020-03-04T14:11:42.143" Title="What's the recommended practice for separating unit tests from integration tests for automated testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1259" CreationDate="2011-06-23T01:34:55.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my company the test fixtures reside in a seperate folder called component_test_tools and it is created and maintained by the DEV. Our test case call these fixtures. When the application code/object changes and the DEV forgets to update the respective fixture, all the test cases calling those fixtures fail. The DEV needs to ensure that whenever he changes the code and objects, the fixture is also updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These dependencies caused some invalid failures in the test run. The testers depend on DEV to fix the fixtures which was a real issue that I faced. The DEV considered automation fixture bugs to be of low priority compared to application code bugs and it was challenging to get them attend to these issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T01:34:55.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1260" CreationDate="2011-06-23T03:48:39.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally would seperate the test in what way makes logical sense. If you have a system that allows test catagorisation test lists in the execution tool or attributes on the code then I would leverage that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an overall approach I would follow a gated principle. Run the unit tests first and then if they pass allow the developers to check in, once checked in, then run the intergration tests and if they passs then commit the code to the main branch or trunk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to keep your developers agile and allow them to work as quickly and efficently as possible, but still have the intergration tests as a quality &quot;gate&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T03:48:39.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1259" CreationDate="2011-06-23T03:56:26.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I use a combination of approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have all my tests inherit from a base test class, and it has a lot of the common objects and contains any setup and teardown code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also have an “observer” class that all the layers of my stack can reference and that contains any utility classes that are necessary for execution. The observer also serves as an in-memory data store for holding test data objects instead of having to pass them up and down between my layers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach allows me to enforce separation of concerns where my tests no nothing of how the actual application is implemented, not the underlying automation engine that actually drives the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to have a look it is open sourced at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingstax.codeplex.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testingstax.codeplex.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if I had to call external dll's and I want to be loosley coupled I would look to use .net reflection to load them dynamically on the fly. That way I can have my cake and eat it too :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-06-24T03:16:26.257" LastActivityDate="2011-06-24T03:16:26.257" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1256" CreationDate="2011-06-23T04:02:12.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;our other option is to have some code that removes the user you created (perhaps by talking directly to the database) after the test scenario itself is complete.  In a lot of frameworks it's possible to define code to run before or after each test. So for the set of tests that don't cover the 'email already in system' cases, you could have them either being sure that there is no user already in the system that uses that email, before the test runs, or removing it after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either one should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally I'd prefer my tests to always clean up after themselves, but sometimes it's hard to have that happen reliably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's a lot of issues getting a cleanup step to run after tests that fail or something, then go for it at the start of the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:42:46.787" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:42:46.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1254" CreationDate="2011-06-23T04:12:06.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My preference is to have our email administrator create some 'public folders' for the QA team and tie them to a small handful of email addresses.  That way everyone on the team has access to the received mails.  If needed you can look at the header details of a message to be sure exactly what 'friendly name' it was sent to.  It means mail sent to a large number of virtual 'people' in the system end up in a small number of folders, which makes it easy to see who got mail when without having to patrol a large number of email accounts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doesnt work so well for systems that require each email address to be unique however. In that case you may have to setup a large number of test accounts.  You can get however much the same effect by having each one setup with a forward and delete rule that then routes those mails to a central clearinghouse, perhaps with a brief header saying 'mail recived for...' being added in.  That still gives you one place to check for the mail (provided the forwarding rules run on the server and not on the client) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T04:12:06.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1254" CreationDate="2011-06-23T04:37:04.740" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can give  &lt;a href=&quot;http://quintanasoft.com/dumbster/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dumbster&lt;/a&gt; a try. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dumbster is a very simple fake SMTP server designed for unit and system testing applications that send email messages. It responds to all standard SMTP commands but does not deliver messages to the user. The messages are stored within the Dumbster for later extraction and verification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its written in java and is open-source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T04:37:04.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2011-06-23T05:23:15.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My definition of done is generally &quot;we don't have to worry about (e.g. touch, test, do ANYTHING with) that feature again in order to release the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the better discussions I've seen on this is this presentation last year by Ken Schwaber at a Canadian company called Pyxis, it's up on U-tube in three parts, the first part is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCzIFn8vt_c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T05:23:15.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1272" CreationDate="2011-06-23T06:52:43.227" Score="4" ViewCount="273" Body="&lt;p&gt;we use a homebaked defect tracking system in my org. As a QA I have worked in various different organisations previously and find the current in-house solution to be sub par. I initially started to raise feature requests, but at this stage the list is so long that the cost of developing them would equal the cost of buying an OTS solution. Add to that the fact that we are behind on that long queue of requests - and even more doubtful we should be investing our time/money. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO - We develop our own specialist product - dev'ing defect tracking systems is not our core function and is not something we should be wasting our time on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been told that if I'd like to see us move to an off the shelf solution I need to come up with a cost benefit analysis to prove the value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have my own set of features and cost savings which I think we would benefit from in moving. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'd really appreciate is input from people who've been through similar situations, moving from inhouse to OTS defect management systems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so here is the short question - How did you convince your team that moving to an OTS was the best solution for the company in the long run? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="326" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-06-23T17:18:34.067" LastActivityDate="2011-11-03T17:24:14.607" Title="Advice when putting together a cost benefit analysis when considering changing defect tracking systems" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1269" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1270" CreationDate="2011-06-23T07:14:37.487" Score="5" ViewCount="601" Body="&lt;p&gt;We developed a project, QA already verify the project and now we are going live. but I am still wondering about expected bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much testing technique is there to certify a product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="771" LastEditorUserId="771" LastEditDate="2020-02-24T05:20:29.847" LastActivityDate="2020-02-24T10:14:37.227" Title="How many types of testing I should perform?" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1269" CreationDate="2011-06-23T08:29:31.607" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a difficult question, and it really depends on what you want to acheive and what you already have in place. Generating tests can be a long and labourious, and this goes severalfold for automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question &quot;how many types of testing should I perform&quot; has the answer &quot;it depends on what you're trying to acheive and how much time/money you have to do it&quot;. The question &quot;how many testing techniques are there to certify a product&quot; depends on what your project counts as &quot;certified&quot;. You cannot fully and exhaustively test the average project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also hard to see what will apply to your project. For example there is Static testing (looking at the code) and Dynamic testing (checking the code at runtime). There's white box testing, black box testing and grey box testing. There is functional and non-functional testing. User acceptance, GUI, security, sanity and smoke, automated and manual, performance and load, stability, and various other types or mechanisms of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be sensible to trust QA's decisions on this, just let them know what you want to achieve: find more bugs, fewer regression bugs missed, increase in coverage/finding more bugs in certain areas of the project, finding more critical bugs earlier, quicker repair of the testing architecture after code changes (maintainability/speed). Look at what comes back from your Beta testing, or at least what feedback you get from the users when you launch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more thing: testing is probably something you should be doing throughout the cycle. It's not going to be easy to suddenly ask for a system to be tested when it's ready to air, unless you intend to continue testing after the release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="729" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T08:29:31.607" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1280" CreationDate="2011-06-23T10:20:33.147" Score="3" ViewCount="8259" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use the Selenium method &lt;code&gt;mouseMoveAt(java.lang.String locator,java.lang.String coordString)&lt;/code&gt;. How do I set coordString?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if coordString is the x,y position &lt;code&gt;(10,20)&lt;/code&gt;, what does that mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="834" LastEditorUserId="4946" LastEditDate="2013-03-19T21:14:05.313" LastActivityDate="2013-03-19T21:14:05.313" Title="Selenium: How to set x and y coordinate position" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1268" CreationDate="2011-06-23T10:48:28.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had been in similar situation. Since, I worked on different test case management tool, I was able to provide drawbacks / missing featured when I worked on Inhouse test case management tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First you need to understand the drawbacks of current tool. Second important thing to look at is migration aspect if you finalize on your new tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did a similar exercise of Test Case Management Tools. Couple of points also apply for bug tracking tool as well. The criteria for analysis is based on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does the tool provide Web UI interface to update/manage test cases and Bugs. This would be better than using a client app to connect to server.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tracebility over bugs logged. Does it provide option to link bugs with test cases which have failed&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you are using a different product for test case management then you need to look at how you are going to integrate it with bug tracking tool&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reporting / metrics from bugs logged. Type of bugs (code/design/deployment). How easy it is to generate reports. What are inbuilt reports provided with the tool&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cost of the tool, usability aspects in terms of (adding images/screenshots/copy-paste) etc..&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Effort required to develop the tool / maintain / support the tool. You have lot tools which are relatively cheaper and you can quick migrate from your current system&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can start looking at free tools, tools which are relatively low cost. You might have a cost problem if you start looking at HP, Microsoft tools.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The missing drawbacks in your current tool, you can provide estimate on effort spent in tracking them manually or deriving metrics out of it manually. You can propose how these efforts can be saved in new tool&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have also seen cases where management is aware of drawbacks in tool but they were not interested in moving to new tool. Reason was it was not a priority as per organization goals. It also depends on maturity of leadership within the team to improve team productivity with better tools and practicesl&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Found one more tool related to this discussion. &#xA;BugTracker.NET is a free, open-source, web-based bug tracker  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://ifdefined.com/bugtrackernet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ifdefined.com/bugtrackernet.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="93" LastEditDate="2011-11-03T17:24:14.607" LastActivityDate="2011-11-03T17:24:14.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1274" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1275" CreationDate="2011-06-23T11:37:33.483" Score="15" ViewCount="28419" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Using Selenium how to delete single characters from a textbox using Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to delete the last 2 characters from text box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: ABCD to AB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="834" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:10:38.503" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T17:40:32.740" Title="Selenium: How to delete single characters from a textbox?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1274" CreationDate="2011-06-23T12:39:49.960" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Java, try this to delete one character:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.sendKeys(&quot;\u0008&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-23T18:01:00.350" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T18:01:00.350" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1276" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1309" CreationDate="2011-06-23T14:32:13.087" Score="18" ViewCount="27346" Body="&lt;p&gt;If yes, how is it called, or where can I find more info about it? (I'm not talking about using WebDriverBackend.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, what alternatives are there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="627" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-06-23T17:17:19.933" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T13:37:42.777" Title="Is there a captureNetworkTraffic implementation in Selenium 2 via webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1269" CreationDate="2011-06-23T15:12:57.750" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Abdul, I suspect you are looking for a cookie-cutter approach to satisfy some desired level of confidence. Such a cookie-cutter doesn't exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Techniques are systematic approaches based on heuristics to help solve very specific types of problems within a given context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Certifying&quot; a product, or &quot;signing off&quot; from a testing perspecive is either an implicit or explicit contract between the test team and management (or employer) that the product has met or exceeded stated criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test team will use various techniques, approaches, and methods to evaluate and provide feedback against the stated criteria, but it is analysis of the information that is provided by the testing that helps you as manager make the final decision to 'certify' the product or  provide compelling evidence to the decision-makers why the product is not ready to go live.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T15:12:57.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-23T16:22:00.280" Score="4" ViewCount="1158" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fairly new to Selenium (but loving it). I'm running a single test in Python on Selenium RC. I've been running it multiple times a day for about 3 weeks. Now when I try to run it, it executes all the commands before it's supposed to invoke Selenium, then just hangs. Selenium appears to be running fine (except for this issue). What should I check?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit #1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, my test begins with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def setUp(self):  &#xA;    os.system(&quot;killall firefox&quot;)  &#xA;    self.verificationErrors = []  &#xA;    print &quot;Starting Selenium...&quot;  &#xA;    self.selenium = selenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, &quot;http://someaddy.blah.com/&quot;)  &#xA;    self.selenium.start()  &#xA;    print &quot;Selenium Started&quot;&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;firefox(2194): Operation not permitted&#xA;firefox(10039): Operation not permitted&#xA;firefox(23890): Operation not permitted&#xA;firefox(26220): Operation not permitted&#xA;firefox: no process killed&#xA;Starting Selenium...&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;returned, and it will just hang there indefinitely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit #2&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it's getting to the same point (&quot;Selenium Started...&quot;) and erroring out with &lt;code&gt;BadStatusLine&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="836" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-06T20:48:59.780" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T17:47:47.647" Title="Selenium (RC) hangs when started from Python test" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1106" CreationDate="2011-06-23T17:18:23.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunitpatterns.com/Goals%20of%20Test%20Automation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Goals of Test Automation&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; link from xUnit Patterns&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T17:18:23.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1271" CreationDate="2011-06-23T17:52:39.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use following to get element position run time and use them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String xCoordinate = selenium.getElementPositionLeft(&quot;elementLocator&quot;);&#xA;String yCoordinate = selenium.getElementPositionTop(&quot;elementLocator&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T17:52:39.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1268" CreationDate="2011-06-23T19:31:47.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A big part of selling them on switching systems is knowing your facts and being prepared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start with a feature list comparison.  Vendors will publish their own feature comparisons, but theirs will be biased toward their own product, emphasizing their own perceived advantages and de-emphasizing or refuting their weaknesses.  Do your own feature comparison based on what you think you need, not on what the vendor wants you to think is important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your existing system has been around for a while, it may be integrated with other systems.  You should evaluate whether those integrations are still necessary, and if so, whether they can be accomplished with an off-the-shelf system.  Of course you might also consider integrations that are possible with the new system but not with the old system (in its current state).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some organizations use multiple bug tracking systems for different audiences, e.g. one system for customer support and other for internal bug tracking.  If your current system is used for multiple audiences, consider whether that is still the appropriate choice.  In some circumstances, it may make sense to have different systems or multiple instances of the same system tailored to their specific audiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, put together a transition plan.  Include your own deployment/development effort, data migration effort, and time to produce training materials, and training classes. Switching bug tracking systems will require people to relearn user interfaces and workflows.  Some people don't like change, and others don't like for you to inconvenience their busy lives, even if it's for the best in the long run.  Showing them that you have a plan will help take the sting out of switching systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T19:31:47.760" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1282" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1283" CreationDate="2011-06-23T19:41:06.363" Score="3" ViewCount="3589" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium server (ver. 2) has stopped working for me for unknown reasons (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1278/selenium-rc-stops-working&quot;&gt;Selenium (RC) hangs when started from Python test&lt;/a&gt;). I'd like to stop Selenium sever and restart it. When I enter &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:4444/selenium-server/driver/?cmd=shutDown&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:4444/selenium-server/driver/?cmd=shutDown&lt;/a&gt;&quot; into the address bar of a browser on the machine running Selenium server, I get a blank screen in the browser window. If I try to &lt;code&gt;wget&lt;/code&gt; that address, the command line says no data received. If I run:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;ps aux | grep sel&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It shows that Selenium server is still running. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="836" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T21:20:10.303" Title="Selenium - Stopping server" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1282" CreationDate="2011-06-23T21:20:10.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Windows, see if this post helps you:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://superuser.com/questions/52159/kill-a-process-with-a-specific-command-line-from-command-line&quot;&gt;https://superuser.com/questions/52159/kill-a-process-with-a-specific-command-line-from-command-line&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For UNIX / Linux, find the process Id (PID) corresponding to the selenium server, and kill the process&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T10:18:34.000" LastActivityDate="2011-06-23T21:20:10.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1285" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1313" CreationDate="2011-06-24T12:47:58.023" Score="3" ViewCount="4653" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been attempting to figure this out for the past two days, unfortunately with no luck.  I'm currently automating a scenario where a new window for a form is popped up from the main application under test.  Unfortunately, the page with the originating link, and the popup page has the same title.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code that I'm currently using looks as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string MainWindowHandle = browser.GetWindowHandle();&#xA;browser.Click();&#xA;ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; handles = browser.GetWindowHandles();&#xA;string newWindowHandle = string.Empty;&#xA;foreach (string handle in handles)&#xA;  {&#xA;    if(handle != mainWindowHandle)&#xA;    {&#xA;      newWindowHandle  handle.ToString();&#xA;      break;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;browser.SwitchTo().Window(newWindowHandle);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there another way that I should be doing this, or am I going to need to discuss the possibility of having one of the titles changed by a character?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-29T18:46:08.577" Title="switching windows with Selenium2 and c# where popup window has same title as originating window" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="799" CreationDate="2011-06-24T17:25:49.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I'm not familiar with RSpec, I've been in the same boat before.  In the end, if it's expected to fail, and it fails, should it not pass?  Additionally, is there any way to ingore them other than just putting them into a new suite? (one of my favourite things about NUnit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-24T17:25:49.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1285" CreationDate="2011-06-24T17:35:40.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the popup window is generated by execution of javascript on the parent window, there used to be an issue with Selenium that it would not identify the newly generated window.  If you haven't tried, the first thing I would do is check that the Selenium / WebDriver even knows that a second window exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-06-24T17:35:40.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1276" CreationDate="2011-06-25T03:44:50.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haven't looked through it all yet, but I did find a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/blog/2010/client-side-profiling-with-selenium-2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; that seems related.  Also, haven't tried it out, but, have you looked at any of the fiddler libraries?  Although I have plans on trying them out, it's not going to be for a few months yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-25T03:44:50.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="439" CreationDate="2011-06-25T04:28:10.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi We use Rational Team Concert internally and it automatically knows which files to control and we have no problems with it. I guess that because it is Rational working with Rational Functional Tester the problems in other version control tools do &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="848" LastActivityDate="2011-06-25T04:28:10.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1290" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-26T05:53:35.893" Score="3" ViewCount="1478" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get the Selenium Android client to run in my emulator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install SDK&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run emulator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install android-server-2.0rc1.apk in the emulator and devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Forward the port by adb forward tcp:8080 tcp:8080&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Python and set the selenium.py seript as this page says: &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/appendix_installing_python_driver_client.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/appendix_installing_python_driver_client.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the web driver client in the emulator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the command in Python &lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This gives me the following error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;&amp;lt;pyshell#0&amp;gt;&quot;, line 1, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;ImportError?: cannot import name webdriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="849" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T02:52:30.757" LastActivityDate="2013-03-09T02:52:30.757" Title="Andriod Selenium testing by Python - connecting problem" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1291" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1292" CreationDate="2011-06-26T12:33:58.383" Score="2" ViewCount="5109" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can we use Selenium RC to move the browser's scroll bar up or down?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="834" LastEditorUserId="2803" LastEditDate="2013-02-05T11:47:45.803" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T11:47:45.803" Title="Selenium:With selelenium RC can we scroll the scrollbar up or down of browser." Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1291" CreationDate="2011-06-26T17:40:18.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you are referring to a scroll bar for the entire browser, as opposed to a scroll bar for a piece of the page (e.g. a list) in the browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not believe there is a Selenium API for moving the browser's scroll bar up or down.   However, you can use the RemoteWebdriver.executeScript method to run some JavaScript that will scroll the entire browser.  In JavaScript, you can use the ScrollBy and ScrollTo methods on the DOM Window object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-26T17:40:18.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1294" CreationDate="2011-06-27T11:06:21.537" Score="2" ViewCount="834" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please suggest what logic should be used here through selenium RC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Action&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Check Close/Remove button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the upper-right corner of the app is a Close/Remove button.  This button only appears if there is at least one other app in the App Gallery module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="834" LastEditorUserId="834" LastEditDate="2011-06-27T11:23:33.573" LastActivityDate="2011-06-27T11:39:54.657" Title="Check an element through Selenium RC" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1293" CreationDate="2011-06-27T11:39:54.657" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;element position in upper right corner&quot; -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertTrue(getElementPositionLeft(buttonLocator).equal(&quot;some pixels&quot;))&#xA;Assert.assertTrue(getElementPositionTop(buttonLocator).equal(&quot;some pixels&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that doing so also checks that element is present in page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;This button only appears if there is at least one other app in the App Gallery module&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could assert presence of app in app gallary module, when &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;isElementPrent(&quot;buttonLocator&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;returns true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-06-27T11:39:54.657" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1295" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-27T14:59:43.337" Score="6" ViewCount="2090" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to drag-and-drop one element to the position of another, triggered from within a watir-webdriver script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By &quot;drag-and-drop&quot; I mean picking up a draggable element and releasing it on another. By &quot;possible&quot; I mean any method for drag/drop that can be executed from a watir-webdriver script. This includes code snippets, third party gems, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it drag-and-drop is a feature request for core watir-webdriver (at time of asking), so I'm looking (in principle) for an alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="729" LastEditorUserId="552" LastEditDate="2011-10-26T16:02:48.993" LastActivityDate="2011-10-26T16:02:48.993" Title="Is drag-and-drop possible in watir-webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;watir&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1295" CreationDate="2011-06-27T21:02:35.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I'm doing drag and drop in watir-webdriver. This only works in Firefox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;browser.div(:text=&gt;&quot;from_div&quot;).wd.drag_and_drop_on(browser.div(:text=&gt;&quot;to_div&quot;).wd)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="97" LastActivityDate="2011-06-27T21:02:35.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1295" CreationDate="2011-06-27T22:37:11.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've done something similar using events and/or autoit..  don't recall off the top of my head what the solution was (would need to go back and find that code)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend asking on the main StackOverflow site and tag the question with Watir and Watir-webdriver..  a lot more of the Watir folks watch that site than this one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-06-27T22:37:11.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1260" CreationDate="2011-06-28T06:18:12.653" Score="20" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; The integration tests can sometimes take a long time, &#xA;&amp;gt; thus discouraging users from running the entire test &#xA;&amp;gt; suite prior to checking in &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the checkin-runs you can mark the long-running tests with their own &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.junit.org/node/508&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;category&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;and tell the test-runner to exclude those long-runners&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/251730/is-there-a-way-to-separate-long-running-e-g-stress-tests-out-so-theyre-not-ru&quot;&gt;Is there a way to separate long running (e.g. stress tests) out so they're not run by default in Maven 2?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2011-06-28T06:18:12.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1299" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1311" CreationDate="2011-06-28T09:35:02.530" Score="3" ViewCount="1041" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please brief me about the Ajax testing with selenium RC.&#xA;As in Ajax element does not reflect on the view-source, but using firebug we can see the changes in HTML source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two methods associated with it..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The method &lt;code&gt;waitForCondition&lt;/code&gt; (java.lang.String script, java.lang.String timeout), to provide script we have to create a java script by own or it should be the same Ajax script/java script present on the web page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please correct me if i am wrong on below point:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The method &lt;code&gt;waitForElementPresent(Locator)&lt;/code&gt;, we check the Element in the firebug and check the same in this method is self &lt;code&gt;waitForElementPresent(Locator)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know  if anything else I am missing testing Ajax application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="834" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:52:00.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:52:00.607" Title="Selenium: Ajax Testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-28T15:06:19.793" Score="7" ViewCount="7608" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working through the &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumsimplified.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Selenium Simplified&quot;&lt;/a&gt; book just to really gain a solid understanding of Selenium and Java.  I know the basics of Java, but this one is frustrating me.  I must be missing some important jar file, but I'm not sure what that is.  I'm also wondering if this has to do with version issues.  The book goes through and guides you through an older version of Selenium as well as using JUnit3.  I did try the code in JUnit3 and I'm still getting the warnings for the deprecated class. Here's a snapshot of my code with the libraries being used.&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KLrMF.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshot from Eclipse&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="707" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-28T22:14:28.527" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T19:36:52.463" Title="Solving &quot;SeleneseTestCase is deprecated&quot; issue" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1300" CreationDate="2011-06-28T15:26:44.157" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/com/thoughtworks/selenium/SeleneseTestCase.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;SeleneseTestCase&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is deprecated and shouldn't be used any more, use &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/com/thoughtworks/selenium/SeleneseTestBase.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;extends SeleneseTestBase&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2012-12-01T13:48:30.733" LastActivityDate="2012-12-01T13:48:30.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1276" CreationDate="2011-06-28T15:30:45.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No there is no native solution at the moment.  If you use webDriverBackedSelenium you can try to utilise the captureNetworkTraffic functionality, however there were issues with it last time I heard it talked about  (See here for more info - &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/d/topic/selenium-users/fMSHeH9ZVqU/discussion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://groups.google.com/d/topic/selenium-users/fMSHeH9ZVqU/discussion&lt;/a&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also worth noting that captureNetworkTraffic only works in FireFox due to the way it was implemented so it's not a cross browser solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*Update*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on some information that came through the selenium/webdriver mailing lists you can use a proxy instead (Suggested one is &lt;a href=&quot;http://bmp.lightbody.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://bmp.lightbody.net/&lt;/a&gt;, although there are others).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To configure it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Proxy proxy = new Proxy();&#xA; proxy.setHttpProxy(&amp;lt;proxyAddress&amp;gt;);&#xA; DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA; cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy);&#xA; WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(cap);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should currently work for FireFox and IE.  It looks like this is going to be the way to capture network traffic moving forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &quot;new Proxy()&quot; - Needs org.openqa.selenium.Proxy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="11607" LastEditDate="2015-04-08T13:20:38.060" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T13:20:38.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1300" CreationDate="2011-06-28T16:23:08.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a warning that could be ignored. The code will execute as expected despite the warnings. Just add @SuppressWarnings above the method to remove these warnings so that the code looks tidy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pseudocode:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   @SuppressWarnings({ &quot;deprecation&quot;, &quot;unused&quot; })&#xA;   public class testWeather extends SeleneseTestCase &#xA;   {&#xA;     ....&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2011-06-28T17:22:23.337" LastActivityDate="2011-06-28T17:22:23.337" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1310" CreationDate="2011-06-28T21:38:36.447" Score="2" ViewCount="11988" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following snapshot is what I see when I do a view of class and Ids in using IE Developer tool. It consists of a table and inside the table there are links. I need to read all the link names, and store the link names in a string array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6510758/c-selenium-read-rows-from-html-table-until-the-last-row-is-found-and-store-in&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6510758/c-selenium-read-rows-from-html-table-until-the-last-row-is-found-and-store-in&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I use Firebug to get the Xpath of each of the links, I get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td[4]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[2]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[4]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[2]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[4]/font/a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had the following method initially, but QuickWatch showed arrTopics as null. It should have given me at least 10 labels. The value of arrTopics should have been something like {&quot;Administration&quot;, &quot;Banking&quot;, &quot;Marketing&quot;, ...} I think this has to do with my xpath ((&quot;//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold']/@href&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; Search(ISelenium Sel)    &#xA;{        &#xA;    Sel.Click(//*[@id=&quot;Search_Tab_Search&quot;]);       &#xA;    List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; topics = new List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;();        &#xA;    int se = (int) Sel.GetXpathCount(&quot;//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold']/@href&quot;);&#xA;    for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt;= se; i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (Sel.IsElementPresent(&quot;//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold']/@href[&quot; + i + &quot;]&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                string value = Sel.GetSelectedLabel(&quot;//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold']/@href[&quot; + i + &quot;]&quot;);&#xA;                topics.Add(value);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        string[] arrTopics = topics.ToArray();&#xA;        return arrTopics;    &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td[4]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[2]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[4]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[2]/font/a&#xA;&#xA;/html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[4]/font/a&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of (&quot;//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold']/@href) in the Sel.GetXpath()? I see that I need to have another loop that takes care of tr[3], tr[5], td[2], td[4].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="865" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:43:03.357" Title="Question: C# Selenium: Read rows from html table until the last row is found, and Store in array" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1305" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3178" CreationDate="2011-06-29T06:56:25.563" Score="1" ViewCount="1819" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently recording some python test scripts for a Mac OS X application using Squish for Qt, version 4.0.2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The menu bar of the AUT works fine if interacted with manually, but for some reason Squish refuses to record interactions with it, as if it wasn't part of the AUT at all. As a result, I can't find out its symbolic or real name very easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried using keyboard shortcuts to menu items, but they don't work either - or at least, they do nothing when a test is run, even if they look like they should work in the script. Since keyboard shortcuts that don't refer to menu items run just fine, I can't help but think it's related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've sucessfully recorded tests that involve menus for the Windows version of the AUT. Since I very much doubt that Froglogic would make their testing tool completely unable to interact with menus on OS X, I think the problem must be with either the Mac version of the AUT or my test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone experienced something similar? How did you overcome the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="867" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T03:35:13.670" Title="How can I convince Squish to recognise the menu bar on Mac OS X?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1306" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1308" CreationDate="2011-06-29T11:24:01.070" Score="11" ViewCount="2177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was introduced to a 5-layer-model for GUI test automation frameworks, that was considered common knowledge. But I would be interested in a source describing this model. The layers are the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Interface&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI Navigation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Automation Vocabulary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;High Level Testscripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone seen this kind of architecture before and can tell me a paper or book describing it? &quot;Scientific&quot; sources are preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="869" LastEditorUserId="869" LastEditDate="2011-08-16T13:33:46.543" LastActivityDate="2021-04-29T09:32:19.907" Title="Layered Architecture of Test Automation Software" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1299" CreationDate="2011-06-29T11:40:44.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could you wait for condition like this -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.waitForCondition(&quot;selenium.isElementPresent(\&quot;element locator\&quot;)&quot;, &quot;waitPeriod&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence you need to write the wait condition and here in I have used one of the Selenium API it self&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-06-29T11:40:44.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1306" CreationDate="2011-06-29T13:21:19.760" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best place to start is over at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thebraidytester.com/&quot;&gt;http://www.thebraidytester.com/&lt;/a&gt; where Michael Hunter describes the stack he built for testing Microsoft Expression in number of articles, papers and blog posts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used this approach as the inspiration for my own watin based stack which is available at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingstax.codeplex.com&quot;&gt;http://testingstax.codeplex.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially the framework breaks down into the following components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test case written 100% in the business domain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The logical functional model that represents the business domain that the test cases call&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Physical layer that actually interacts with application to perform the automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The verification engine and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test data model for modelling the test data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key design principle is that all the concerns have been separated. The test, from the business model, the physical implementation from the test data and verification engine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-06-29T13:21:19.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1276" CreationDate="2011-06-29T14:29:27.227" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can capture network traffic using a proxy, such as the BrowserMob Proxy (http://proxy.browsermob.com)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To configure the use of the proxy with a webdriver instance, set the CapabilityName.PROXY value to a org.openqa.selenium.Proxy instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Proxy proxy = new Proxy();&#xA;// The URL here is the URL that the browsermob proxy is using&#xA;proxy.setHttpProxy(&quot;localhost:9100&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the test is finished, you can extract the data from the browsermob proxy using the mechanisms it provides. Notice that you can also use any proxy you want: it need not be the browsermob one!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="871" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-04-09T23:22:12.137" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T23:22:12.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1304" CreationDate="2011-06-29T14:40:15.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some potential problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold']/@href is an Xpath to an href, not to an &quot;a&quot; tag.  Furthermore, //a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold']/@href[i] is the Xpath to the i'th href of an &quot;a&quot; tag, which is nonsensical.  I believe you want to use (//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold'][@href])[i].&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GetSelectedLabel gets option label (visible text) for selected option in the specified select element.  You seem to want to return the label for an &quot;a&quot; tag, so you want to use GetText.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please try this instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; Search(ISelenium Sel)    &#xA;{        &#xA;    Sel.Click(//*[@id=&quot;Search_Tab_Search&quot;]);       &#xA;    List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; topics = new List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;();        &#xA;    int se = (int) Sel.GetXpathCount(&quot;//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold'][@href]&quot;);&#xA;    for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt;= se; i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;           string value = Sel.GetText(&quot;(//a[@class='wlcategoryLinkBold'][@href])[&quot; + i + &quot;]&quot;);&#xA;           topics.Add(value);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    string[] arrTopics = topics.ToArray();&#xA;    return arrTopics;    &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-29T14:40:15.277" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1299" CreationDate="2011-06-29T17:15:03.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I already gave an example on a similar question which can be used to wait for Ajax and javascripts to finish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.waitForCondition(&#xA;        &quot;selenium.browserbot.getCurrentWindow().jQuery.active == 0&quot;,&#xA;        timeout);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-06-29T17:15:03.297" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1285" CreationDate="2011-06-29T18:46:08.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like an odd bug, I thought the window handle used to be a hash like object and you could use either the handle or the title of the window to switch to and from but that might have changed since the last time I saw it.  If you want both windows to have the same name you could use the driver to execute JavaScript that will grab the element creating the window and have it change the title of the window only.  This way if the JavaScript ever changes the test won't immediately break.  It's not the best solution; I hate running JavaScript in selenium tests, but every so often it is the easiest/fastest solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-06-29T18:46:08.577" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1314" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1315" CreationDate="2011-06-30T05:38:42.813" Score="3" ViewCount="1566" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working in a web-service testing project. The web-service engine works on a large set of input data and returns some data that undergo a lot of calculations and filtering.&#xA;The testing approach we follow is :&#xA;Create a parallel application that does the same functionality as the engine under test does based on the requirements of the web-service.&#xA;We apply same input data to both our test application and application under test and compare the data that each of them returns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does any one follow any different approach ?&#xA;How good do you think this approach is ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="7205" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T11:37:06.320" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T11:37:06.320" Title="Testing webservice engine: best practice" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1314" CreationDate="2011-06-30T06:10:40.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me share my ideas, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have worked on Web Services for OLTP Applicaton. This was Web Service fetching values from Database by execute few stored procedures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Even for your case information would be persisited in DB / This web service must be some method for CRUD operations (Please add if you have more information on context of functionality of your web service)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One Approach is Fetching Test Data by Quering the backend system and verifying web services returns dataset correctly&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Invoke the stored procedure, Invoke Web Service with same test data. Verify results look the same in both the cases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If there is any translation done (ex- For Country Name, Location if it is abbrevated and expanded in results) you may need to verify in web service output, this change is likely to be done in your code, may not be in Stored proc always&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure why you need to create a parallel application ? Why would you write another application, You can always check tools like SOAP UI, Codeplex - Web Service Studio for functional testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You need to check timeouts, error handling (Error message &amp;amp; Error code returned by the Web Service), Cases when dependant calling methods are unavailable&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;SOAP UI supports data driven testing, You can check this feature. I have not developed Web Services Automation in java platform using TestNG. Other members can add if they have any learnings on Web Service Automation in Java Platform and TestNG framework.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T06:10:40.187" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1314" CreationDate="2011-06-30T08:30:16.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at both your question and the comments in Siva's answer, I believe that you're on a good start.  I would recommend keeping your current SOAPui tests and vb macro for on the fly tests.  Sometimes having a valid way of performing a manual test is worth all of the automation in the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said however, I agree with Siva that this is a process that could be easily automated.  Have automation suite send request to web service (webrequest in .NET, I believe HttpUrlConnection in Java), parse the response, perform the logic that is in your current macro, and compare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T08:30:16.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1318" CreationDate="2011-06-30T08:52:38.720" Score="5" ViewCount="2919" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been testing a RESTful webservices for the last little while using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;.  It's worked great until this week where a requirement was added that the web service must use Kerberos authentication, which SoapUI does not seem to be able to handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I plan on getting my regression test completely automated using .NET, I still have a little bit more to learn before that becomes a viable option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been spending a little bit of time with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?displaylang=en&amp;amp;id=21625&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wfetch&lt;/a&gt; although was hoping that I could find a way to queue up requests or run them in order (I know that I may not be able to have my cake and eat it too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any recommendations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T12:22:32.237" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T12:22:32.237" Title="Testing RESTful webservice with kerberos authentication" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1317" CreationDate="2011-06-30T10:53:41.393" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kerberos authentication can be really, really narky. What I found to solve the &quot;run test as user x in .net&quot; problem I needed to perform a two step process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 1: Fire up the process I want to test as the alternate user.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Step 2: Use impersonation on the call to allow my test harness to access the process from the other user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was done for IE in WatiN, but I am guessing that the code will be similar, just calling your chosen test exe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Configuration;&#xA;using System.Diagnostics;&#xA;using System.Text.RegularExpressions;&#xA;using System.Security;&#xA;using System.Net;&#xA;using System.Security.Principal;&#xA;using System.Reflection;&#xA;using System.IO;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; public static void SetAlternateUser(string userName, string password, string domain)&#xA;    {&#xA;        // thread safe singleton code&#xA;        lock (threadSafeLock)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (_ie == null)&#xA;            {&#xA;                StartIE();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            _ie.Close();&#xA;            _ie = null;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            // fill the NetworkCredeitials object that we use for impersonation&#xA;            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(domain))&#xA;            {&#xA;                alternateUserCredentials = new NetworkCredential(userName, password);&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                alternateUserCredentials = new NetworkCredential(userName, password, domain);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            // Prepare to launch&#xA;            ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo();&#xA;            psi.UserName = userName;&#xA;            psi.Password = SecurePassword(password);&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(domain))&#xA;            {&#xA;                psi.Domain = domain;&#xA;            }&#xA;            psi.UseShellExecute = false;&#xA;            psi.LoadUserProfile = true;&#xA;            psi.FileName = &quot;c:\\Program Files\\Internet Explorer\\iexplore.exe&quot;;&#xA;            psi.Arguments = &quot;about:blank&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            // launch&#xA;            Process proc = new Process();&#xA;            proc.StartInfo = psi;&#xA;            proc.Start();&#xA;&#xA;            // Time to become an imposter&#xA;            hToken = IntPtr.Zero;&#xA;            hTokenDuplicate = IntPtr.Zero;&#xA;&#xA;            if (Win32.LogonUser(alternateUserCredentials.UserName, alternateUserCredentials.Domain, alternateUserCredentials.Password, 2 /*LOGON32_LOGON_INTERACTIVE*/, 0 /*LOGON32_PROVIDER_DEFAULT*/, out hToken))&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (Win32.DuplicateToken(hToken, 2, out hTokenDuplicate))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    windowsIdentity = new WindowsIdentity(hTokenDuplicate);&#xA;                    impersonationContext = windowsIdentity.Impersonate();&#xA;                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;                    _ie = IE.AttachToIE(Find.ByUrl(&quot;about:blank&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-30T17:38:54.030" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T17:38:54.030" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1314" CreationDate="2011-06-30T12:13:29.513" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;The testing approach we follow is : Create a parallel application that does the same functionality as the engine under test does based on the requirements of the web-service. We apply same input data to both our test application and application under test and compare the data that each of them returns.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hmm, I see where this tells you that your web service and your parallel application return the &lt;em&gt;same&lt;/em&gt; data.  But it doesn't indicate that either of them return the &lt;em&gt;expected&lt;/em&gt; data.  Who built the parallel application?  How do you know that it works?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look to your requirements, and let them guide you as to the tests that need to be performed, the input data required, and the expected results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T12:13:29.513" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1333" CreationDate="2011-06-30T12:41:04.660" Score="5" ViewCount="2100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a website where the Login is Via a Link that has the href: SubmitLogin().&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use webdriver in the form of PageFactories. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have this method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    usernameField.sendKeys(username);&#xA;    passwordField.sendKeys(password);&#xA;    Reporter.log(String.format(&quot;Login with user:%s&quot;, username));&#xA;    Reporter.log(String.format(&quot;Login with password:%s&quot;, password));&#xA;&#xA;    //signInLink.click();&#xA;    //JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;    //js.executeScript(&quot;SubmitLogin&quot;);&#xA;    signInLink.click();&#xA;    return PageFactory.initElements(driver, AdminHomePage.class);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see I also tried executing the script directly, but it's no good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Page isn't doing anything. I have Javascript enabled and I'm using webdriver with HtmlUnitDriver. Like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver webDriver = new HtmlUnitDriver(true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The true means that Javascript is enabled. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the log I can't see any problems. The two fields are set correctly, it finds all the necessary elements it just does nothing. :( &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the log I can see a LOT of css warning and a bunch of severe errors stating that some javascripts failed to execute but none mention SubmitLogin. It just seams that doesn't even reach it or whatever. :S &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no error on the Page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to use HtmlUnitDriver because this will be running on a desktop less build machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional Information: It's HTTPS. And also, FirefoxDriver with custom profile handles it just fine. I just would like to use HtmlUnitDriver... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas? :S&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastEditorUserId="153" LastEditDate="2011-06-30T13:10:11.413" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T19:16:49.610" Title="WebDriver login and click action ain't working..." Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1321" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2183" CreationDate="2011-06-30T12:45:23.600" Score="8" ViewCount="12194" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a cross platform, cross application automated testing system EggPlant looks too good to be true.&#xA;Has anyone implemented a large automated testing project using it and what were your experiences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="524" LastEditorUserId="1125" LastEditDate="2011-11-29T12:04:42.497" LastActivityDate="2018-08-04T16:15:16.980" Title="Any personal experiences on EggPlant, cross platform and application automated testing tool?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;eggplant&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1321" CreationDate="2011-06-30T12:59:17.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lots of reviews, samples, questions, and answers &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/postlist.php?Cat=0&amp;amp;Board=UBB60&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T09:00:45.583" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T09:00:45.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1321" CreationDate="2011-06-30T13:33:58.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never used it, however...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The major drawback to this tool is that it is driven using image recognition, this in my opinion is a major drawback. I can guarantee that your application will change and that you will need to go back and recapture most of your images to get your test suite to run again. This might be acceptable when you have 300 tests, but imagine you have 10000+ tests, you suite will take weeks to fix, and before long the effort to keep up with the changing UI will not be worth it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A better approach would be to pick a tool that best fits the need of the application you are trying to test and not apply a one solution fits all applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T13:33:58.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1314" CreationDate="2011-06-30T14:34:40.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test creates some inputs, supplies them to a function, retrieves the results, and finally consults an oracle to determine whether the results are correct.  Depending on the function, any of those actions may be easy or difficult.  You could argue that the design you described is simply a way to distribute the oracle between the test client and the parallel application.  If you need to calculate expected results somewhere, why not in parallel application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a QA person who wants to be a developer job someday, it may be more interesting and fun to code the oracle as a web application.  The design will give the QA person the opportunity to practice their coding and design skills, and perhaps even to prove their coding abilities to a development manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, I wonder about the wisdom of what you described.  Your parallel application does more than just compute a correct answer; it must also behave like a web service.  For example, before your parallel application computes a correct answer, it must listen for requests, parse a request, and perhaps fetch additional data from other sources like a relational database.  And after computing a correct answer, the parallel application must encode the answer in a response and send it back to the client.  If you really want to test the application, you must use entirely different software for all these operations; otherwise may miss bugs because your parallel application will have the same bug as your real application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that the alternative -- to embed the oracle in the test client -- will be simpler.  Simpler software is usually easier to understand and maintain and is less likely to have bugs.  Perhaps you should consider that type of design instead.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T14:34:40.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1325" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1326" CreationDate="2011-06-30T14:35:07.600" Score="6" ViewCount="987" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a Drupal site, I have written a test script in Selenium IDE that logs in as the administrator, adds a new user and peforms a series of tests on the registration page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once this user has been added, I would like to add to this script so that it then goes to the user panel, and removes it again. Getting to the user admin page is simple, and I have the username field stored from earlier, say &quot;test user 2&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the user admin panel, we have this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z5xFg.png&quot; alt=&quot;Drupal user admin panel&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I need to do is find a way to select the checkbox next to the appropriate user. The problem is that the checkbox is marked up as such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; class=&quot;form-checkbox&quot; value=&quot;4&quot; id=&quot;edit-accounts-4&quot; name=&quot;accounts[4]&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, as mentioned before, the only information I have about the user is the username. Unfortunately the id of the checkbox references the internal user id, which is 4. That's information I don't have. However, the username link I can locate because I have the value stored. I can just locate any anchor element containing the username string &quot;test user 2&quot;. Markup is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a title=&quot;View user profile.&quot; href=&quot;/user/4&quot;&amp;gt;test user 2&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I have &quot;test user 2&quot; as the username already stored, I can select this element in my test case. But what I want to do is select the checkbox next to it. There's two ways that I think this can be done:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Extract the number &quot;4&quot; from the href attribute and use that to select the checkbox, since all checkbox ids will be of the form &quot;edit-accounts-x&quot; where x is a number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Use some funky xpath to determine that the checkbox is on the same row as the username I have stored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastActivityDate="2018-02-09T02:28:13.503" Title="Performing administrative test cases in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1325" CreationDate="2011-06-30T14:45:06.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use an xpath like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table[@id='&amp;lt;tableID&amp;gt;']/descendant::tr[td[.='test user 2']]/td[1]/input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this assumes that you are trying to click on the checkbox for &quot;test user 2&quot; and that it is in the first column.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The descendant is used because some browsers put in a  element if it is not specified and some dont.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way is much less intensive than getting the id, stripping out the bits you don't want, getting another part of an id and adding bits into it.  If the id's of the checkboxes change (which drupal can do now and again if the devs are not on the ball from personal experience) you don't have to rewrite the the code that pulls out part of an id and inserts it into another id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edit&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also since you are using Selenium IDE you don't have as much functionality available to you by default as you would with a programming language (think Selenium RC/Selenium 2) which will probably make option 1 even more of a ball ache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2011-06-30T14:51:16.047" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T14:51:16.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1327" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-06-30T14:56:23.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; is a portable software testing framework for web applications. Selenium provides a record/playback tool for authoring tests without learning a test scripting language. Selenium provides a test domain specific language (DSL) to write tests in a number of popular programming languages, including Java, C#, Ruby, Groovy, Python, PHP, and Perl. Test playback is possible in most modern web browsers. Selenium deploys on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium  was originally developed by Jason Huggins, who was later joined by other programmers and testers at ThoughtWorks. It is open source software, released under the Apache 2.0 license and can be downloaded and used without charge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is a complete integrated development environment (IDE) for Selenium tests. It is implemented as a &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/firefox&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged 'firefox'&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;firefox&lt;/a&gt; extension, and allows recording, editing, and debugging tests. It was previously known as Selenium Recorder. Selenium-IDE was originally created by Shinya Kasatani and donated to the Selenium project in 2006.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;References&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_%28software%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selftechy.com/2011/07/06/selenium-apis-for-some-basic-test-automation-actions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium APIs for Some Basic Test Automation Actions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5181" LastEditorUserId="5181" LastEditDate="2013-04-28T15:17:58.213" LastActivityDate="2013-04-28T15:17:58.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1328" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-06-30T14:56:23.077" Score="0" Body="Use for questions about Selenium 2. &#xD;&#xA;Selenium 2 is the second major release of Selenium, an open source framework for testing web applications.  A major difference between Selenium 1 and Selenium 2 is the latter's use of WebDriver." OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T18:03:11.013" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T18:03:11.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1329" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-06-30T14:59:32.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;WebDriver is a tool for writing automated tests of websites. It was originally created by Simon Stewart. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver aims to mimic the behavior of a real user, and as such interacts with the HTML of the application.&#xA;Rather than running as a JavaScript application within the browser (with the limitations this brings, such as the &quot;same origin&quot; problem), WebDriver controls the browser itself. This means that it can take advantage of any facilities offered by the native platform. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The WebDriver code base has been merged into the Selenium code base as of Selenium 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5237" LastEditorUserId="5237" LastEditDate="2013-05-08T15:14:43.670" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T15:14:43.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1330" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-06-30T14:59:32.263" Score="0" Body="Questions relating to automated tests using WebDriver, a tool created to interact with browser HTML. WebDriver has been merged into Selenium 2, so WebDriver and Selenium 2 questions are appropriate for the WebDriver tag." OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T15:35:41.993" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T15:35:41.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1320" CreationDate="2011-06-30T15:41:12.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I appreciate the value of being able to run tests on a machine that does not have a desktop.  However, I have never been successful at getting a test that works with a real browser to also work with HtmlUnitDriver.  I would be reluctant to draw any conclusions about the quality of a web application based on the results of running an HtmlUnitDriver-based test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-06-30T16:45:07.987" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T16:45:07.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1332" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-06-30T15:53:36.887" Score="12" ViewCount="2514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am planning to run my existing Selenium 1.x tests in IE 8.0. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After checking few blogs and reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://saucelabs.com/blog/index.php/2011/01/why-jquery-in-selenium-css-locators-is-the-way-to-go/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, I tried to run my tests using jQuery locators with the method mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://johnjianfang.blogspot.com/2009/04/how-to-use-jquery-to-create-custom.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. My tests uses a lot of index based selectors, like in xpath=&lt;code&gt;div[class='myclass][index]&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In jQuery I tried &lt;code&gt;.myclass:eq(index)&lt;/code&gt; to retrieve the elements. But I found jQuery to be much slower than XPath in IE and Firefox for these operations. Is there a faster way in jQuery to select nth element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-31T15:12:33.387" LastActivityDate="2013-08-31T15:12:33.387" Title="Is jQuery faster than CSS/Xpath selectors for IE 8.0 in Selenium1?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1320" CreationDate="2011-06-30T19:16:49.610" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are only using HtmlUnitDriver because you don't have a screen, just run the test with the firefox driver and run it headless.  In case you are not familiar with headless it is as simple as running Xvfb :1 -ac -screen 0 1024x768x24; export DISPLAY=:1   We use headless firefox selenium tests on a hudson server that doesnt have a screen.  Works fine for us&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T19:16:49.610" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2011-06-30T22:52:37.483" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have actually used Sikuli and believe it is the future for QA automation. The fuzzy logic on image compare is pure genius. You can crank it up to be an exact match or turn it down to lesser. I have ran the same test on multiple browsers/OSes and resolutions without too many issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is way more robust than the old x,y testing of yesteryear. I created an image.sikuli script that hosts all my images and I just reuse them through out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The app I am tasked with testing does not play well with QTP or TestComplete, I am unable to see elements. This seems to be more and more common with applications that are using embedded components. Sikuli bridges that gap, and I find it easier to use than the others (although the IDE is not very good). It does not have the record and playback that some of the other tools promote, but again doing that never produces a repeatable robust automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium also does not do ANY image compare. Although the test may pass, it may look like crap on IE 9. Sikuli can at least do a high level compare on elements, and buttons to make sure they are rendering correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="879" LastActivityDate="2011-06-30T22:52:37.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1335" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1338" CreationDate="2011-07-01T08:02:57.760" Score="3" ViewCount="5260" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to QA. I need to find best tools available to test performance of a MVC web site. Please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="882" LastEditorUserId="230" LastEditDate="2011-07-01T09:13:35.320" LastActivityDate="2011-07-01T19:28:25.357" Title="What are the best tools available to test performance of a MVC web site" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1335" CreationDate="2011-07-01T09:11:38.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently discovered &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/mvc-mini-profiler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mvc-mini-profiler&lt;/a&gt; and think that it's great little tool for looking at performance for a .NET MVC site, it was created by StackExchange and is used by them to monitor performace. I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://jakarta.apache.org/jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; also in the past for performance and load testing of a MVC3 application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both tools are free, however, if you want to spend some money then i've heard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software/software-product.html?compURI=tcm:245-935779&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP LoadRunner&lt;/a&gt; is really good, but it's pretty expensive also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-07-01T09:11:38.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2011-07-01T12:11:22.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used it for 1 day.&#xA;I think it is easier to use and faster to learn.&#xA;Also you have the benefits of image compare. (Selenium does not have this).&#xA;This said, I think You could use it for Flash automation.&#xA;(I never managed to do this in a good way with selenium).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore you don't have to learn autoIt or another scripting for desktop automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it has some advantages.&#xA;But in my opinion you are better of learning selenium and autoit, and maybe use sikuli as a plugin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When starting from scratch with little programming experience and you need to have fast results. (or for demo purposes). You could use it, especially when you need desktop automation / scripting as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you only need webscripting you could use imacros as well, since this can be picked up quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="883" LastActivityDate="2011-07-01T12:11:22.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1335" CreationDate="2011-07-01T16:40:59.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am assuming that the question is on performance testing and not on profiling or performance engineering in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools should be used in context of the application/problem in hand and the objective you are supposed to achieve as a result of performance testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes  an spreadsheet or a calculator coupled with an stopwatch and colbaorative team work does the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a host of tools available (&lt;a href=&quot;http://performance-testing.org/content/performance-testing-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;open source and paid&lt;/a&gt;) and you have to spend some time in learning and using them. Do not be afraid of using a mix of tools if required to achieve the performance test objective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tools vary from simplest browser extensions like &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PageSpeed&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.yahoo.com/yslow/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YSlow&lt;/a&gt; to tools/performance testing itself available as service in the cloud provided by the likes of &lt;a href=&quot;http://browsermob.com/performance-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;browsermob&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://loadstorm.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;loadstorm&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webpagetest.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebPageTest&lt;/a&gt; to the most widely used opensource tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://jakarta.apache.org/jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://opensta.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OpenSTA&lt;/a&gt; (very less activity in a while) to some heavy weight commercial ones like HP LoadRunner and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-01.ibm.com/software/awdtools/tester/performance/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IBM Rational Performance Tester&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find a lot of stuff in general about performance testing on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perftestplus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;perftestplus&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;maintained mainly by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perftestplus.com/tech_leadership.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Scott Barber&lt;/a&gt;. This article providing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perftestplus.com/resources/Automating_Performance_Tests-TAD.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;10 tips on performace testing&lt;/a&gt; by Scott should help you and there is tip (#2) on tools as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-07-01T16:40:59.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1335" CreationDate="2011-07-01T19:28:25.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are talking about just raw performance to load a page when the system is under minimal load, there are a wide variety of tools (see Rajneesh's answer).  I tend to often just use Fiddler2 because it's also useful for a lot of other things, and it gives you a breakdown on all the stuff that goes into loading a page and how long it took to load each file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are talking about performance under load, then for someone using the MS technology stack, I think the web performance and loadtesting capabilities built into the Ultimate version of visual Studio would be my preferred choice.  The tool is pretty easy to use if you understand loadtesting (e.g. have used loadrunner or similar tools) and because it works at the protocol level you can ramp up to pretty large numbers of virtual users per physical system being used to apply the load.  The community of users and MS folks on their &lt;a href=&quot;http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/vstswebtest/threads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN forum&lt;/a&gt; is a great resource when you need help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can download a trial version from MS if you want to give it a whirl.  Yes I know it's a bit weird that the 'test' version doesn't include the loadtesting, or even the coded UI test stuff.  I think it reflects an attitude at MS that 'tester' means manual testing, and anyone doing test automation is a  'Developer in test' (with a capital D for developer and lower case t for test) and would thus be using a 'Developer oriented version of the product.   It's not free, but (at least for me) the learning curve is short which is often the biggest cost to rolling out any tool, even a 'free' one.  Also their licensing costs to add server agents and vusers is way-way cheaper than a product like Loadrunner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ed Glas, one of the PM's on the VSTS team maintains an &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/edglas/archive/2007/12/17/content-index-for-web-tests-and-load-tests.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;index page on his blog&lt;/a&gt; that is a good starting place for more info, especially the product overview and some of the recorded webcasts that walk you through how to use the product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, no matter what tool you use, &lt;a href=&quot;http://perftestingguide.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;THIS free book from the MS Patterns and Practices team&lt;/a&gt; is a great resource for anyone doing web performance and loadtesting regardless of the technology stack involved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-07-01T19:28:25.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1260" CreationDate="2011-07-03T14:37:58.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer question 1: Yes, I'd separate the unit test code from the integration test code. They're logically different, are probably built differently, and you're planning on running them differently. I'd also name them differently too for extra clarity. For example, our unit tests are in a ut_* directory and named ut_classname, so I'd put the integration tests in an it_* directory and name them it_something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regard to code coverage, I'm not familiar with Maven or Hudson, but one strategy is to run only the unit tests for every commit (= fast) after the main build loop. Of course, the code coverage will be lower. So you have a second build loop that is triggered after the first that will run both fast unit and slow integration tests to give you the combined coverage. Or if the integration tests take a very long time, you could move them from a triggered build loop to an hourly/nightly schedule, although the more frequent the better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(I'm assuming there's no value in getting the code coverage statistics from the integration tests alone, but if you think that's a bad assumption, please let me know that as well.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't see any value in this either. The unit tests should be very fast to run, so there's no real reason to exclude them when running the integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="697" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-04T14:11:42.143" LastActivityDate="2020-03-04T14:11:42.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1341" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-04T05:25:05.980" Score="3" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone ever tested a row based data de-duplication and matching program (the data could be any personal information like names,addresses and postal codes etc) ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of strategies/tools have been most effective to ascertain the quality of such programs and avoid regressions if its under active development ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would like to be able to automate the large part of our verification process and hence would like to know about automation tools/strategy applied in a similar context from someone who has done this kind of stuff already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The software has as UI (java fx), an existing api which is exposed through web services as well. The quality concerns are around the matching logic and scalability as it needs to be able to process fairly large data in no time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="698" LastEditDate="2011-07-04T08:45:20.360" LastActivityDate="2011-07-06T17:58:51.630" Title="Testing a data de-duplication and matching engine" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;strategy&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1342" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-04T06:40:18.287" Score="-3" ViewCount="386" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always believed that a great tester is one whose test cases help in discovery of a lot of bugs in the product and not one who finds a lot of bugs in a product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In otherwords a team or a product must not be dependent on the testers for testing the product but rather dependent on them for developing test cases on the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the test cases are developed any one can run them and check the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do others also share this opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this is a subjective question but i feel it is worth for debate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="890" LastActivityDate="2011-07-04T17:01:23.023" Title="Tester Versus Test cases written by the tester" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2011-07-04T19:24:09.447" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1342" CreationDate="2011-07-04T08:14:27.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends (as usual). If a test case is properly automated, including generation of a definitive Pass/Fail result than anyone can run the test.&#xA;But if this is a manual test, semi-automated or if the results needs human intervention it might be difficult to impossible to write good test cases to include all the possible steps and pitfalls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-07-04T08:14:27.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1342" CreationDate="2011-07-04T08:38:41.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry,i do not share the same opinion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- &lt;em&gt;finding a &quot;lot&quot; a bugs does NOT make a &quot;great&quot; tester&lt;/em&gt;. &#xA;    finding a lot of &quot;important&quot; bugs does (bugs that matter,make an impact,provide the right contextual informatin matching the mission of testing).&#xA;    finding a lot of &quot;new&quot; tests to execute makes a great tester&#xA;    making it easier for the business to take quality decisions(correct ones) makes a great tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- &lt;em&gt;In otherwords a team or a product must not be dependent on the testers for testing the product but rather dependent on them for developing test cases on the product.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;    This statement would be 100 % correct,if software (by nature) would be such that tests once written would remain in right context until the software's life cycle and there would no changing requirements,no enhancements,no regresion in quality,no new discoveries once the software is designed,no integration issues,no cross platform issues,no law suits,no competition,no learning,no news test evolvement during testing etc &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically,if you feel that the software &amp;amp; the testing mindset is such that the software will never change,there is no need to observe what happened during ( or after ) the test,or there is no analysis to be done when there are failures (true or seemingly true)....&#xA;In that case,tests once written would suffice and anybody even micky mouse could come in and execute the tests and publish the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastActivityDate="2011-07-04T08:38:41.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1342" CreationDate="2011-07-04T17:01:23.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am sure there are many definitions for a great tester.  All of them are true in a certain context.  All of them are also flawed.  The idea that a sole individual can be responsible for the quality of a product is flawed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as there is more than one test person, it is important for the test team to have a shared understanding of what needs to be tested and who will be doing the testing.  In some organizations, a written test plan facilitates that understanding.  A person who can write test cases and organize them into a test plan provides a valuable service.  If a tester does a great job at writing test cases, one might call that person a great tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the same time, written test cases by themselves are just words on paper -- nothing more.  A document -- whether a test plan, a design document, or a functional specification -- is rarely a substitute for internalizing the goals, trade-offs, and personalities that guide a product to its current form.  For all but the most trivial cases, one cannot internalize a product's goals and trade-offs overnight; the learning process takes time and requires interacting with the others on the team.  Moreover, every test plan is incomplete and flawed, biased by the author's perceptions, interests, and experiences.  A tester who starts with someone else's flawed, biased test plan, reads between the lines, and despite the tedium and repetitiveness of the job,  finds bugs in places that that test plan only hinted at -- or omitted entirely -- is also surely a great tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is a team effort.  I do not mean that everyone shows up at the office and salutes inspirational quality posters.  Rather, unless everyone works together, it is virtually impossible to produce a good product.  No one person can take sole credit for a good product, and no one person can take all the blame for a bad product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-04T17:01:23.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1637" CreationDate="2011-07-06T14:23:55.747" Score="3" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now that Internet Explorer 9 has a growing market share (5.63% at time of writing, and closing in on IE7 fast), what are some of the major considerations for people wishing to test sites and web applications developed for IE8 (and under) support?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main point of call so far is &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg130950%28v=VS.85%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft's IE9 feature list&lt;/a&gt;. One of the most standout issues is checking that MIME-types are defined correctly, but I'm interested to hear what other testers have encountered as useful or noteworthy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastActivityDate="2011-08-17T07:29:06.660" Title="Considerations for site audits and testing on IE9?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1347" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1354" CreationDate="2011-07-06T14:38:11.273" Score="6" ViewCount="1381" Body="&lt;p&gt;As suggested on StackOverflow I am posting this question here as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble how to implement the &lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; step (with SpecFlow for example) of a logged in user role throught Web UI automation (with WatiN for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say I have the following feature:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Site usage overview&#xA;    As an admin&#xA;    I want to view a site usage overview&#xA;    So that I know how many visitors my site attracts&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This feature uses the admin user role. One possible scenario would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: Admin should see site usage&#xA;    Given I am logged in as an admin&#xA;    When I navigate to the Site usage overview page&#xA;    Then I should see the site usage statistics&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just as an example. The scenario could also be written with clicking buttons or links and validating some text on the page or something, but I'm not going into that discussion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to know is how to implement this &lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; step. I see a couple of options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing all the stuff for logging in as some admin (go to login page, log in as admin)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verifying some loggid in state that is visible on every page (currently logged in as ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what if the authentication mechanism is Windows Authentication (Integrated Security / Active Directory) or something similar in other environments and there is no visible indication of your logged in status and you need to be logged in for every page in the whole site?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I am missing something and someone can point me in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="900" LastActivityDate="2011-07-06T22:09:06.330" Title="how to implement a given logged in user role through UI automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1347" CreationDate="2011-07-06T17:09:42.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I haven't had a chance to try it in this particular circumstance, you could try the answer that I received to a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1317/testing-restful-webservice-with-kerberos-authentication&quot;&gt;similar question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is just as simple as logging in as the admin, I would first ensure that you can log in as an admin, add that code to your setUp, and then do a verification in the Given &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-07-06T17:09:42.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1341" CreationDate="2011-07-06T17:40:16.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't promise that our techniques are state-of-the-art, but they gave us the level of confidence we needed and might give you some ideas for an approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We made a backup of the production database before we made the fix, with all of its known duplications.  We then ran the de-duping code against that database and analyzed the duplications it found to ensure they were true dupes, and verified that it was finding all of the known actual dupes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, we created regression E2E test cases that would populate a clean database with data that covered as much of our de-duping logic as we had time to test, and then would query the database after the service was done running to verify that only the expected data remained.  We already had code available to set up clean databases automatically and call the services, then run the queries and log the results; if we hadn't been able to leverage these tools, we might have used a different approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For performance and scalability, we timed the de-duping program running against the backup of our existing database in staging while forwarding current production traffic to the staging server to determine how many records per second were being de-duped while dealing with a standard load.  We were mostly concerned with (a) if de-duping would affect the processing current traffic, and (b) how long the de-duping logic would take to catch up with current traffic.  If we needed a reproducible performance test, I think we would have written a simulator program that would drop files on a pre-programmed schedule to simulate production traffic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2011-07-06T17:58:51.630" LastActivityDate="2011-07-06T17:58:51.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1350" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1352" CreationDate="2011-07-06T18:14:08.310" Score="9" ViewCount="500" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am into the automation of a web application using Selenium. I write test cases without hard-coding anything in the test cases. There were many invalid failures in the run due to GUI changes such as page title change. I moved the page title verification to separate modules that are reused and called by many test cases so that I do not need to fix all the test cases but only few modules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I can see that there are around 10 modules that I need to fix in the last minute due to these changes. As a solution I declared and assigned these GUI element identifiers as global variables in a file inside config folder and reuse it in the modules. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: &lt;strong&gt;is there any better approach / way to solve this problem? Is there any tool to effectively maintain and organize these global variables since there would be thousands?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pseudo-code of my solution:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Global variable declaration in a separate file in config folder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public class globalVariable&#xA;    {&#xA;        public final String HOME_PAGETITLE = &quot;Welcome to Home page&quot;;&#xA;        .........   &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modules calling it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public class module&#xA;    {&#xA;        //Instantiate globalVariable class to use it's variables in module &#xA;        globalVariable test = new globalVariable();&#xA;&#xA;        @Test&#xA;        public void testHome()&#xA;        {&#xA;        //Call the global variable declared&#xA;        String strExpectedPageTitle=test.HOME_PAGETITLE;&#xA;&#xA;        //Verify page title&#xA;        assertEquals(Selenium.getTitle(),strExpectedPageTitle);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-28T19:17:48.827" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T13:12:59.717" Title="How to eliminate/reduce invalid failures in automation due to GUI changes?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1350" CreationDate="2011-07-06T19:07:12.600" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds as if you try to avoid duplication in your automated tests.  That is a good practice to follow, not only in automation but in programming in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For static strings, you might consider using property files instead of Java classes, especially if there are literally thousands of such values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask yourself whether you are testing at the right level of detail.  Are these thousands of strings you are checking (e.g. page titles) the result of some kind of requirement, or do they change at someone's whim?  In my experience, it is the latter.  If that is true, what do you hope to accomplish by checking these values?  To put it another way, if your automated test fails on a string check, what will you do?  If your answer is, &quot;I will update my test to reflect how the UI has changed&quot; then perhaps your test is not designed to find bugs.  If that is true, you might ask yourself whether your test serves a useful purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T13:12:59.717" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T13:12:59.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1350" CreationDate="2011-07-06T19:14:41.580" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/tutorials/selenium/page-object-pattern.htm&quot;&gt;The Page Object pattern&lt;/a&gt; is a good technique, and is the logical conclusion you are working towards already by extracting reused logic into methods.  With this pattern, you create a model of every page in your UI.  These page models are the only part of your program that know anything about your UI.  Then, if the home page title changes, you just update the GetTitle method on the HomePage object.  Your tests never access the title object directly, but only through methods on the HomePage object.  This limits the amount of code you need to update for logic changes to just one class per change, and hopefully just a handful of methods.  Note that you will want a separate Page object for your master page, if you have one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Page objects can also use configured values stored in a text config file that is read at run time for strings, so you don't need to recompile your code just because an identifier changed.  This is very useful when testing two versions of the same webpage at once, where identifiers might have changed between versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same techniques work for other UI automation languages; I'm using these techniques in WatiN right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-07-06T19:14:41.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1350" CreationDate="2011-07-06T21:48:37.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My general advice would be different, but in this circumstance I would probably move this content to a database table with three columns: PageName, PageURL and PageTitle. Then I would build some matching code that looks up the url of the current page, then checks the title. The code then becomes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertTrue(Verification.PageTitleIsCorrect());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code is still essentially hard-coding because you still have test.HOME_PAGETITLE in lots places in your code, which you want to minimise. Essentially get your code to work out what it needs to verify by itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-07-06T21:48:37.893" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1347" CreationDate="2011-07-06T22:09:06.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To make this change for &quot;As an admin&quot; you will need to change the code that is generated in specflow. This would be the best place for this change IMHO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Lyndon suggests, the code that I have written for WatiN &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; work, but it really depends on how the application is developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My other answer copied below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I found to solve the &quot;run test as user x in .net&quot; problem I needed to perform a two step process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 1: Fire up the process I want to test as the alternate user.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Step 2: Use impersonation on the call to allow my test harness to access the process from the other user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was done for IE in WatiN, but I am guessing that the code will be similar, just calling your chosen test exe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Configuration;&#xA;using System.Diagnostics;&#xA;using System.Text.RegularExpressions;&#xA;using System.Security;&#xA;using System.Net;&#xA;using System.Security.Principal;&#xA;using System.Reflection;&#xA;using System.IO;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; public static void SetAlternateUser(string userName, string password, string domain)&#xA;    {&#xA;        // thread safe singleton code&#xA;        lock (threadSafeLock)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (_ie == null)&#xA;            {&#xA;                StartIE();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            _ie.Close();&#xA;            _ie = null;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            // fill the NetworkCredeitials object that we use for impersonation&#xA;            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(domain))&#xA;            {&#xA;                alternateUserCredentials = new NetworkCredential(userName, password);&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                alternateUserCredentials = new NetworkCredential(userName, password, domain);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            // Prepare to launch&#xA;            ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo();&#xA;            psi.UserName = userName;&#xA;            psi.Password = SecurePassword(password);&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(domain))&#xA;            {&#xA;                psi.Domain = domain;&#xA;            }&#xA;            psi.UseShellExecute = false;&#xA;            psi.LoadUserProfile = true;&#xA;            psi.FileName = &quot;c:\\Program Files\\Internet Explorer\\iexplore.exe&quot;;&#xA;            psi.Arguments = &quot;about:blank&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            // launch&#xA;            Process proc = new Process();&#xA;            proc.StartInfo = psi;&#xA;            proc.Start();&#xA;&#xA;            // Time to become an imposter&#xA;            hToken = IntPtr.Zero;&#xA;            hTokenDuplicate = IntPtr.Zero;&#xA;&#xA;            if (Win32.LogonUser(alternateUserCredentials.UserName, alternateUserCredentials.Domain, alternateUserCredentials.Password, 2 /*LOGON32_LOGON_INTERACTIVE*/, 0 /*LOGON32_PROVIDER_DEFAULT*/, out hToken))&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (Win32.DuplicateToken(hToken, 2, out hTokenDuplicate))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    windowsIdentity = new WindowsIdentity(hTokenDuplicate);&#xA;                    impersonationContext = windowsIdentity.Impersonate();&#xA;                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;                    _ie = IE.AttachToIE(Find.ByUrl(&quot;about:blank&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-07-06T22:09:06.330" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1355" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1359" CreationDate="2011-07-07T09:09:01.917" Score="77" ViewCount="202530" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to select an &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;option&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; child of a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; using the Python WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a reference to the option &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; I wish to select and have tried &lt;code&gt;select()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; methods but neither works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way to select an &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;option&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="905" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T14:11:24.067" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T19:13:33.463" Title="What is the correct way to select an &lt;option&gt; using Selenium's Python WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="34" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1356" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1360" CreationDate="2011-07-07T10:37:47.467" Score="3" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selecting an anchor link with content, such as &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;test link&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, I can see three different ways to do it using XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a[text()=&quot;test link&quot;]&#xA;a[.=&quot;test link&quot;]&#xA;a[contains(text(), &quot;test link&quot;)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between the three? The last option appears that it would take longer by virtue of it being an extension of the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-07T22:37:44.817" LastActivityDate="2012-03-07T22:37:44.817" Title="Differences in methods to select an element based on content in XPath" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1357" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-07-07T13:07:49.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Information Systems Examination Board offers qualifications in a number of IT related areas, including Software Testing. Software Testing qualifications are offered at 3 levels - Foundation, Intermediate and Advanced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Foundation level qualification aims to give a basic understanding of software testing. It is equivalent to the ISTQB Foundation level qualification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Intermediate level qualification is intended as a bridge between the Foundation level and Advanced level qualifications. Successful completion of the Foundation level qualification is a prerequisite for sitting the Intermediate level exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Advanced level qualification is aimed at individuals at an advanced point in their software testing careers. It consists of three different certificates - Advanced Test Analyst, Advanced Test Manager and Advanced Technical Test Analyst. Successful completion of the Foundation level qualification is a prerequisite for sitting any of the Advanced level exams. The Advanced level qualification is equivalent to the ISTQB Advanced level qualification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="399" LastEditDate="2011-07-07T16:31:28.693" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T16:31:28.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1358" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-07-07T13:07:49.137" Score="0" Body="The examination awarding body of the British Computer Society, offers qualifications in Software Testing." OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="399" LastEditDate="2011-07-07T16:31:25.060" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T16:31:25.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1355" CreationDate="2011-07-07T13:29:51.750" Score="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way that I have found was to do something along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;el = driver.find_element_by_id('id_of_select')&#xA;for option in el.find_elements_by_tag_name('option'):&#xA;    if option.text == 'The Options I Am Looking For':&#xA;        option.click() # select() in earlier versions of webdriver&#xA;        break&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may have some runtime issues if there are a large number of options, but for us it suffices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also this code will work with multi-select&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def multiselect_set_selections(driver, element_id, labels):&#xA;    el = driver.find_element_by_id(element_id)&#xA;    for option in el.find_elements_by_tag_name('option'):&#xA;        if option.text in labels:&#xA;            option.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can transform the following field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [addSelection | id=deformField7 | label=ALL]]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Into this call&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;multiselect_set_selections(driver, 'deformField7', ['ALL'])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multiple selection errors like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; # ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [addSelection | id=deformField5 | label=Apr]]&#xA; # ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [addSelection | id=deformField5 | label=Jun]]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will be fixed with a single call:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;multiselect_set_selections(driver, 'deformField5', ['Apr', 'Jun'])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T16:32:58.120" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T16:32:58.120" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1356" CreationDate="2011-07-07T13:49:33.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find an Xpath specification &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  Your first xpath matches an anchor that contains exactly the string &quot;test link&quot;.  The last xpath matches an anchor whose contents includes the substring &quot;test link&quot;.  No doubt it is slower, but the depending on the circumstances, the performance difference may be insignificant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell, the first and second xpaths are equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-07-07T14:36:03.800" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T14:36:03.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1363" CreationDate="2011-07-07T14:39:52.950" Score="4" ViewCount="2181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to subclass a Java object in the constructor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a Java newbie trying out Selenium example in a faq, &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/FrequentlyAskedQuestions#Q:_How_do_I_handle_authentication_with_the_&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/FrequentlyAskedQuestions#Q:_How_do_I_handle_authentication_with_the_&lt;/a&gt;? where there is a note about how to modify an HtmlUnitDriver driver object to support authentication with some demo code I have repeated here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some asking in a stackoverflow thread &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6605308/is-it-possible-to-subclass-a-java-object-in-the-constructor&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6605308/is-it-possible-to-subclass-a-java-object-in-the-constructor&lt;/a&gt; and learning more about Java, anonymous classes and overrides this is my current code, but I am getting a syntax error on the DefaultCredentialsProvider in Netbeans, and I am not sure whether it is due to the absence of required classes, or whether some more changes are required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/*&#xA; * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates&#xA; * and open the template in the editor.&#xA; */&#xA;package seleniumtest01;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; *&#xA; * @author richard&#xA; */&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver;&#xA;import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.DefaultCredentialsProvider;&#xA;import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient;&#xA;//import org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Main {&#xA;&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    // Create a new instance of the Firefox driver&#xA;    // Notice that the remainder of the code relies on the interface,&#xA;    // not the implementation.&#xA;    testBasicAuth();&#xA;    System.exit(0);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  public static void testBasicAuth() {&#xA;    // Create a new instance of the Firefox driver&#xA;    // Notice that the remainder of the code relies on the interface,&#xA;    // not the implementation.&#xA;    //WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver() {&#xA;&#xA;      @Override&#xA;      protected WebClient modifyWebClient(WebClient client) {&#xA;        // This class ships with HtmlUnit itself&#xA;        DefaultCredentialsProvider creds = DefaultCredentialsProvider();&#xA;&#xA;        // Set some example credentials&#xA;        creds.addCredentials(&quot;username&quot;, &quot;password&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        // And now add the provider to the webClient instance&#xA;        client.setCredentialsProvider(creds);&#xA;&#xA;        return client;&#xA;      }&#xA;    };&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://user:selenium@192.168.1.2/&quot;);&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[text()='Connection']&quot;));&#xA;    element.click();&#xA;    //element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[text()='Admin Login']&quot;));&#xA;    element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(@href, 'admin/connection')]&quot;));//[contains(@href,'#id1')]&#xA;    element.click();&#xA;    element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[text()='Connection 1']&quot;));&#xA;    element.click();&#xA;    element = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;field_one&quot;));&#xA;    element.clear();&#xA;    element.sendKeys(&quot;sample text&quot;);&#xA;    //driver.findElement(By. id(&quot;submit&quot;)).click();&#xA;    element.submit();&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bear with me, I learning Java via Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="907" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T15:17:00.567" Title="What is the Java code to subclass HtmlUnitDriver to support http authentication?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1365" CreationDate="2011-07-07T14:45:03.377" Score="3" ViewCount="565" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have provided my view points on what is agile testing an what is not agile testing. Would appreciate your views and sharing your agile test adoption experiences&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;#1. If you follow weekly release model and every week you do manual testing. This is NOT AGILE testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;#2. Objective of adapting to agile is automate along with development so that on continuous releases you have enough automation to support qa efforts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;#3. Adopting mix of white box and black box test approach to cover maximum scenarios &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;#4. Continious updating automation suite with production bugs / feature changes. I have often seen cases where automation takes second priority when it demands time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;#5. Do you follow provided guideline &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.scrumpad.com/2008/11/7-practices-to-agile-qa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.scrumpad.com/2008/11/7-practices-to-agile-qa.html&lt;/a&gt;. They are very good. I have seen developers providing builds without documentation and verbal explanation to feature implementations ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;#6. Context of agile is misused for not providing enough details on implementation / no documentation / push buggy code to production and keep fixing it in iterative builds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Without White box testing, automation adoption Agile test adoption would not add any value. Testers learning technical implementation plus moving towards white box testing would help and add value to adopt to agile testing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope you would have seen some of the scenarios in your projects. Would love to hear your experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:46:31.993" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:46:31.993" Title="Adapting agile testing is it good approach?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1361" CreationDate="2011-07-07T15:17:00.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try changing this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DefaultCredentialsProvider creds = DefaultCredentialsProvider();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DefaultCredentialsProvider creds = new DefaultCredentialsProvider();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T15:17:00.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1364" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-07T15:29:54.367" Score="4" ViewCount="1155" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been dabbling with Selenium to do some testing on a site and I'm trying to set up RC so I can run tests in multiple browsers. I can run a simple test I put together in both Chrome and Firefox, but when I try to test in Safari, the test window never opens. Things just sort of just sit there, no error message given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recorded a video of my test running in Firefox successfully, then in Safari unsuccessfully: &lt;a href=&quot;http://cl.ly/0G392F2O3X2j0V1S1Q1g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cl.ly/0G392F2O3X2j0V1S1Q1g&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what I see output in the selenium server I have running via the terminal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;10:54:10.297 INFO - Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*safariproxy, http://gdgt.com/, ] on session null&#xA;10:54:10.297 INFO - creating new remote session&#xA;10:54:10.298 INFO - Allocated session 687ac4cc58364c7d818a054d80a717cb for http://gdgt.com/, launching...&#xA;10:54:10.298 INFO - Backing up OS X global network settings...&#xA;10:54:10.479 INFO - Modifying OS X global network settings...&#xA;10:54:10.855 INFO - Launching Safari to visit 'http://gdgt.com/selenium-server/core/RemoteRunner.html?sessionId=687ac4cc58364c7d818a054d80a717cb&amp;amp;multiWindow=true&amp;amp;baseUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fgdgt.com%2F&amp;amp;debugMode=false' via '/var/folders/1k/1kdbzdHKFjuE3YNGCoSGmk+++TI/-Tmp-/customProfileDir687ac4cc58364c7d818a054d80a717cb/redirect_to_go_to_selenium.htm'...&#xA;11:07:11.899 WARN - Invalid length: Content-Length=28561 written=22080 for http://storechat.apple.com/hc/6964264/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="908" LastActivityDate="2011-07-20T22:17:06.667" Title="Safari test browser doesn't launch with Selenium RC" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1362" CreationDate="2011-07-07T15:58:09.613" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Debating whether a testing practice is Agile can be entertaining in the same way that it is entertaining to debate whether a restaurant is authentic or a John Coltrane performance was Bebop or Hard Bop.  One can gain insight into one's beliefs by debating labels, but ultimately, labels are meaningless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile practices are not ends in themselves, but rather a means to an end.  There are many paths to that end.  If a new practice promotes quality better than an old practice, does it matter whether it is Agile?  (Or is a good testing practice necessarily Agile?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every development team is different.  Each must choose practices that work for them, regardless of labels.  The most important thing is to be honest about what you practice, to pay attention to the outcomes of those practices, and to be fearless about changing them.  As I understand it, that is also the root of being &quot;Agile&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I sense there is another, more important question hiding behind the questions you asked: why does it matter to you whether someone applies the Agile label to something that you consider non-Agile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-30T12:22:48.813" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T12:22:48.813" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-07T17:10:46.460" Score="5" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;After I upgraded from QTP 10 to 11, it required me to fully qualify my window paths using descriptive programming.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, this sort of thing used to work in QTP 10:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Window(&quot;Main&quot;).Window(&quot;PopupDialog).Click(&quot;OK&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I am required to specify the entire path to get to the dialog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Window(&quot;Main&quot;).Window(&quot;IntermediateWindow&quot;).Window(&quot;PopupDialog&quot;).Click(&quot;OK&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an option or some way that I can tell QTP to dynamically figure out the path as it used to in the previous version?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2015-07-13T03:12:36.347" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T11:36:33.430" Title="Fully qualify window path after upgrading to QTP 11?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1397" CreationDate="2011-07-07T18:16:29.950" Score="5" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team is in an annoying situation:  Our corporation is in a period of transition that will probably last another 3 to 6 months after a merger between two companies with very different philosophies.  The transition is heading in the right direction (the acquired company was acquired for their ability to manage the technical side of things well), but progress is slow and rocky.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to politics, re-orgs, and chaos, our PM isn't able to get good specs for us before we start developing an iteration, yet we can't grind to a halt.  The developers are able to make do, but I can't co-develop automated tests without a clear idea of the product to work from.  Right now basic things like frequent communication between test and business owners doesn't exist, and the design isn't fixed until coding is done.  As the tester, I've been scrambling to gather requirements - often from the dev - and change and re-change my fixtures - and it's just not working.  Since I'm so busy responding to basic design changes, I don't have time to get much test coverage and I can't follow through on my test plans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're looking at starting a two-iteration scrum-fall model for the next 3 to 4 months, where the test / debug work lags one iteration behind the design and development work.  Devs will be designing and developing the current iteration of work while I write fixtures for the last iteration, then I'll test their last iteration and they'll fix those bugs.    The idea is that this will last for a few months, and then we should have good design docs available.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things I've thought about already:  The &quot;catch-up&quot; iteration, where I'm testing for the previous iteration and the current at once to move to Scrum proper, won't be an issue; I'll halt development on test tools for the iteration, as that normally takes about 50% of my time.  We don't have deadline pressure; this is a large, time-consuming project with probably 5 more months before we can go into production (although moving deadlines / resourcing commitments are part of the chaos right now).  I trust my PM to work at getting us to the point where we can move back to normal sprints; I don't think a temporary move to scrum-fall will end up being permanent due to laziness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR:  Due to an inability to get good specs and business requirements early in the sprint, we're going to try having test lag one sprint behind development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: Has anyone been-there, done-that?  What pitfalls should I be looking out for, and what can I do to help make this &quot;scrum-fall&quot; system work smoother?  What can I do to help the transition back to normal Scrum happen sooner (to pave the road for better documentation and communication)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-07-10T22:26:37.603" Title="Making scrum-fall work for the short-term" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;waterfall&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="996" CreationDate="2011-07-07T20:20:20.147" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Stacy calls it 'Branching by Abstraction'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For legacy code the best approch I've found is to find pinch points in your code where it's easy to insert an interface covering the inputs and outputs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copy your first implementation, refactor, and then have a regression implementation that runs the old way and the new way and stops dead as soon as any difference is found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing this we've managed to replace some things seamlessly that my gut told me however hard I tried we'd land up in trouble, but it worked without a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(* watch out for non-functional differences like performance though!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T20:20:20.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1367" CreationDate="2011-07-07T20:29:08.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quite a few software projects have a tick-tock model of a feature version, then a stable version and I see this as similar on a smaller scail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key thing is not to test things that the devs know isn't really done but sort of works and is only pushed to testing because they've not got enough time. I don't think that really helps anyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing is to get a 'tracerbullet' version there so that you've got something however rough to start showing people. You'll get no feedback with nothing to show, so it's a race to get that loop started. Once you've got something, people will soon say what's wrong / how it could be improved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And ask them to name it - that will get some buy in too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T20:29:08.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1065" CreationDate="2011-07-07T20:37:18.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key question is can you afford for it to go wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the answer to this quite often is dependent on how quickly you can fix the problem if it occurs - debug it until it works in production. While not a nice place to be, for some things that once done, should never need to be revisited you can get away with having no tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your business / lives depend on it working or if it goes wrong it would be hard to fix (pentium bug) then definatly anything you touch should have a safety net of a test put in it's place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it doesn't really matter if it goes wrong, don't worry about it. Concentrate on the parts that really do matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T20:37:18.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1371" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-07T20:47:43.510" Score="6" ViewCount="2039" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the best way to test log4net logging?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As logging is to some degree an interface to our component, I want to make sure it keeps working as it can be configured in a few different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we write a custom appender or is there one out there that we can use already?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T19:46:13.953" Title="What's the best way to test log4net logging?" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1372" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-07T20:59:18.367" Score="4" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a lot of xml out there, and diffing it against canned data has helped me in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there's a few things I find I need to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete segments of the xml I don't care about (timestamps)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sort certain xpaths by some key (a relative child xpath)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indent and 'Normalise' the xml  = &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've written this a few times at various companies. Is there something out there in the open source world we can use to avoid me writing it again at the next company?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what are your experiences with testing xml?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastEditorUserId="911" LastEditDate="2011-07-09T06:01:49.310" LastActivityDate="2011-07-11T04:29:48.087" Title="Xml Diffing Best Practices" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2011-07-07T22:38:20.130" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Step 0, Get the build automated when they check into the source control system. TeamCity pro could probably be made to checkout and run a command - it is and it's free and easy to set up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 1, Write one test. Don't get hung up on unit versus intergrtion - just get one test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 2, Think of it as an oppotunity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is it your business is about?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try writing some tests in an ideal testing language for your domain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use gerkin style regular expression matching to turn this testing-dsl into reality. (See rspec / specflow for ideas)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel your pain, I've just inherited 750k of untested code. It's all about changing mind sets and sometimes it's only seeing that first test when people's jaw and penny drops as they realise how much time this is going to save them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T22:38:20.130" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1254" CreationDate="2011-07-07T23:36:40.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If all you are interesting in is catching all the emails sent from an application then &lt;a href=&quot;http://smtp4dev.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SMTP4DEV&lt;/a&gt; is a great little tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-07-07T23:36:40.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1376" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1383" CreationDate="2011-07-08T00:54:37.033" Score="7" ViewCount="9105" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the applications that I have to do an enhancement to soon has a number of emails that are sent from the application.  To the point of verification, I need to see the delivery failure notifications.  I've done some preliminary searching on how to do this, but, haven't managed to find anything that I could consider useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The email client that would be used would be Outlook 2007 or 2010 on an exchange server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T07:06:22.277" LastActivityDate="2019-09-13T16:39:27.410" Title="Automate verification of emails being received" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1376" CreationDate="2011-07-08T05:39:58.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is related to this question which suggests a SMTP pretend server:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1254/testing-email-generation&quot;&gt;Testing email generation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I suspect this would need to be extended to 'know' about certain emails and be able to respond to doesnt@exist.com in the correct way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-07-08T05:39:58.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1378" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-08T11:08:12.267" Score="4" ViewCount="719" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm relatively new to Selenium and since the update to 1.0.12, when I run my tests, each case with a &lt;code&gt;selectWindow&lt;/code&gt; command fails. If I run these steps seperately, by clicking individually, it passes, so I know I have the right window ID, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried a &lt;code&gt;pause&lt;/code&gt;, a &lt;code&gt;waitForPopup&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;waitForPageToLoad&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;clickAndWait&lt;/code&gt; ... I'm not sure what else to try. I find it odd that this worked last week and all tests passed and now I'm finding that every window is not recognised.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is anyone else having this problem? And also any more ideas how I can resolve this? (Annoyed that all my tests now fail!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Sarah&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="915" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T16:25:52.507" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T16:25:52.507" Title="Selenium IDE has stopped recognising pop-up windows" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1254" CreationDate="2011-07-08T14:48:57.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the fine approaches mentioned earlier, I have had success using a fake SMTP client that writes emails to a file system.  Each message was written to a separate file in a &#xA;directory named after the recipient.  The file system approach had the advantage of simplicity; there was no SMTP server -- fake or otherwise -- to configure.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our product generated emails from templates.  It was important to ensure that the templating system worked correctly, but it was also important to ensure that the application supplied the correct data to fill into the templates.  Testing the latter became a parsing problem.  I ended up replacing our standard templates with simple ones that produced property files.  So for example instead of generating this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dear Joe Doe,&#xA;&#xA;Your current account balance is $125.&#xA;&#xA;Sincerely,&#xA;JP Morgan Bank&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we would generate this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;RecipientFirstName: John&#xA;RecipientLastName: Doe&#xA;CurrentBalance: 125.00&#xA;SenderBank: JP Morgan Bank&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, it was easy to parse the generated emails.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-08T14:48:57.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1350" CreationDate="2011-07-08T15:02:14.093" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the purpose of the test to verify 'page titles' or are you using page titles to validate state?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If purpose is to verify page title match, then I would say automation is probably not optimum solution even if there are many 'page titles' to validate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If purpose is to verify state (e.g. to sync test), then you might consider doing a partial string match rather than trying to match a whole string. (e.g. in C# string.Compare()) But, you could still potentially run into unexpected false positives. Also, this approach also becomes a nightmare if you also need run these tests on localized builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If strings in the project are in resource files, then best bet may be to get the appropriate string from the resource file by resource ID and compare against appropriate string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-07-08T15:02:14.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1376" CreationDate="2011-07-08T15:07:31.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use a test email account and access it using an IMAP/POP client?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I do in my Django apps is I set the email backend to a file based one for testing. Emails are then not sent to the addresses but are stored in individual log files. I can then test the content of these files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two similar but different scenarios here. One is testing email delivery (this is dependent on your provider) and the other is testing the content of email being sent from your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="905" LastActivityDate="2011-07-08T15:07:31.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1371" CreationDate="2011-07-08T21:06:31.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question brings these considerations to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the component invoke the logging system at the appropriate times?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is hard to determine and impossible to determine automatically because you cannot predict where things will go wrong.  It is likely that additional logging will appear as a result of bugs discovered during testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the appropriate data logged?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two parts to this.  First, do the log messages reflect what the developer intended?  You must create the conditions that cause the component to log each kind of message.  This part may be suitable for automation.  In some cases, the cost of creating those conditions may overweigh its value.  One often uses mock objects in these cases, although mock objects are not a panacea.  Second, having generated the message, you must decide whether it contains the intended data.  Automating this may require parsing, and again, you must decide whether the cost of implementing and maintaining the parsing code is justified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, you must decide whether you agree with the developer's intentions.  Does the message contain the appropriate amount of data?  This is difficult to automate and is perhaps more suitable for a manual audit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the component honor the logging instructions in the database?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know whether log4net has APIs for interrogating its configuration.  If it does, I recommend using them to determine whether the component honors the instructions from the database.  If not, you may need to infer an answer based on its behavior.  For example, if the database specifies logging to a certain file, you can check whether that file exists and is non-empty.  This sounds as if it can be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the logging messages strike the appropriate balance of clarity and economy?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a judgement call that cannot be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the log file satisfy any requirements of downstream tools?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will someone want to parse the log messages to look for usage patterns or urgent problems?  If so, are the log messages in a format amendable to parsing?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, to be candid, I believe the logging system is best tested by developers because they will be the primary consumers of the logs.  When I test a product, I am primarily concerned that (1) the logging system will not put too much burden on the machine, (2) changing the log level will not cause the software to malfunction, and (3) the logging system honors its configuration.  There are rarely any hard requirements around logging messages and so it is difficult to have an objective discussion with a developer about whether the way in which something is logged is right or wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-03T19:46:13.953" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T19:46:13.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1376" CreationDate="2011-07-08T21:13:43.407" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finally figured it out, with the exception of reportitems such as Undeliverables.  Most of the current code is from snippets that I put together to make it work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void readOutlookTest()&#xA;        {&#xA;            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.Application app = null;&#xA;            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook._NameSpace ns = null;&#xA;            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MailItem item = null;&#xA;            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder inboxFolder = null;&#xA;            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder subFolder = null;&#xA;            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.Application application = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.Application();&#xA;            app = application;&#xA;            ns = application.Session;&#xA;&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                ns.Logon(null, null, false, false);&#xA;                inboxFolder = ns.GetDefaultFolder(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.OlDefaultFolders.olFolderInbox);&#xA;                subFolder = inboxFolder.Folders[&quot;folder name that you want to look in&quot;];&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Folder Name: {0}, EntryId: {1}&quot;, subFolder.Name, subFolder.EntryID);&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Num Items: {0}&quot;, subFolder.Items.Count.ToString());&#xA;                for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt;= subFolder.Items.Count; i++)&#xA;                {&#xA;                        if (subFolder.Items[i] is ReportItem)&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            try&#xA;                            {&#xA;                                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Item: {0} is a Report Item.  I don't know how to deal with this yet.&quot;, i.ToString());&#xA;                            }&#xA;                            catch&#xA;                            {&#xA;                                Console.WriteLine(&quot;problems&quot;);&#xA;                            }&#xA;                        }&#xA;                        else if (subFolder.Items[i] is MailItem)&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            item = (MailItem)subFolder.Items[i];&#xA;                            item = subFolder.Items[i];&#xA;                            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Item: {0}&quot;, i.ToString());&#xA;                            Assert.IsTrue(item.SenderName == &quot;display name of sender&quot;);&#xA;                            Assert.IsTrue(item.Subject.Contains(&quot;test&quot;));&#xA;                            Assert.IsTrue(item.Body.Contains(&quot;text you need to look for&quot;));&#xA;                        }&#xA;                        else&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            Console.WriteLine(&quot;item &quot; + i + &quot; is not a mail or report item.  have no use for it&quot;);&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException ex)&#xA;            {&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());&#xA;            }&#xA;            finally&#xA;            {&#xA;                ns = null;&#xA;                app = null;&#xA;                inboxFolder = null;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-07-08T21:13:43.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1372" CreationDate="2011-07-09T03:03:16.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you've written it yourself, why don't you keep a copy of it for yourself and just add it to your toolkit wherever you go?  It would probably be more robust and extensible than any other solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-07-09T03:03:16.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1372" CreationDate="2011-07-09T06:07:25.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One example of software that could be used for xml testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://xmlstar.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://xmlstar.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the only thing missing is being able to sort an xpath based on a child xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;xml&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;b key=&quot;bee&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;a key=&quot;apple&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;xml&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to sort /xml/* using ./@key&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-07-09T06:07:25.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2011-07-09T06:29:59.053" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The elephant in the room: &lt;strong&gt;maintenance&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we maintain this new feature:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what things need to be configurable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can we easily roll this out (what's the roll out?)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what support tools do we need to resolve issues with this in production quickly?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I worry that one day all of humanity will be maintining code of our forefathers...&#xA;think of the children!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T22:00:15.770" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T22:00:15.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1387" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1395" CreationDate="2011-07-09T06:42:46.127" Score="8" ViewCount="1113" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am analyzing automation design for an Intranet based web app with a limited user base:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI Layer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Service Layer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DB Layer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Approach&lt;/strong&gt; for automation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Services layer Test automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similate UI workflows with web services. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm planning to cover 70% of automation with web services workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remaining 30% of End to End user scenarios from UI, UI Elements displayed, Web Service o/p to UI layer output Compared&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools&lt;/strong&gt; I'm planning to leverage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SOAP UI for web services / Data Driven Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium for UI Layer verification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Questions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can SOAP UI be used to test work flows. Output of one web service passed as input to another web service ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would like to know comments / feedback to apply best practices for this approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing can be performed From UI Results to Web Service output and check are they mapped correctly. In this case as well when web services functionality is core, Result mapping is the only check. I'm hoping verifying fields, values and running basic P1 cases at UI Layer would cover it. Any comments ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T02:35:45.787" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:35:45.787" Title="Test Automation Design Question" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="318" CreationDate="2011-07-09T09:14:56.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As often as you can afford to. They are automated after all. If they're robust and don't give you false positives, then ideally every commit once the compile and other tests have passed, then kick them off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-07-09T09:14:56.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-09T09:17:05.443" Score="8" ViewCount="672" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's my current setup:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compile on teamcity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy the dlls to 8 agents and run tests simaltaniousisly (via snapshot dependencies) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally taper them in to a single 'publish' build configuration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way I can get through the tests in an hour, but am wondering is there a faster way? All these build machines have multi-core processors and my program &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; be thread safe, so is there a way to get the tests to run in parallel on one machine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's pnunit bundled with NUnit so TC should support it - has anyone had any experiences wiring it into TeamCity yet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also be keen to here answers from the Java side of the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(teamcity's a most excellent tool by the way and I don't work for JetBrains)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-07-13T21:45:30.947" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T08:25:48.010" Title="What's the most efficient way to run lots of tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;efficiency&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1118" CreationDate="2011-07-09T10:52:51.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a company called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cloudharmony.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CloudHarmony.com&lt;/a&gt; that benchmarks and publishes all their information online for all the different cloud providers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They basically run performance tests all the time, so it will save you the work of testing each provider.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since 2009, we have performed 23,089,073 benchmarks in the cloud &#xA;  ~ &lt;a href=&quot;http://cloudharmony.com/benchmarks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cloudharmony.com/benchmarks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question is about testing a specific web app, in which case, the normal rules apply.  The easiest, try out a tool like PageSpeed to give you feedback on the website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="919" LastActivityDate="2011-07-09T10:52:51.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1391" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1394" CreationDate="2011-07-09T21:07:53.987" Score="18" ViewCount="21502" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've trouble understand the differences between these terms:&#xA;&quot;Quality Assurance&quot;, &quot;Quality Control&quot;, &quot;Software Testing&quot;, &quot;Verification&quot;, &quot;Validation&quot;, &quot;Prevention&quot; and &quot;Detection&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I think:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Software Testing is a SUBSET of Quality Control. (One of the TECHNIQUE used by Quality Control)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Quality Control is a SUBSET of Quality Assurance (Not too sure about this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Quality Assurance is a SUBSET of TLC (Testing Life Cycle)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-TLC is a SUBSET of SDLC&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Verification is a Quality Control process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Validation = Software Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Detection -&gt;Quality Control responsible for detecting bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Prevention -&gt; Quality Assurance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please clarify, Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="595" LastEditorUserId="595" LastEditDate="2011-07-09T21:58:01.103" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T13:31:31.200" Title="Differences between: QA, QC, Software Testing, Verification, Validation, Prevention and Detection" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1391" CreationDate="2011-07-10T03:13:22.640" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you saw or heard these terms used without definitions.  The definitions for those terms vary by industry, organization, and individual.  I could give you my definitions, but since they will not be the same as someone else's, I would be wasting your time.  A Google search will reveal one person's definitions.  Perhaps you can read those and then, when they seem to conflict what you see or hear, you can state those definitions and ask whether the speaker/author means the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-10T03:13:22.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1391" CreationDate="2011-07-10T07:33:16.227" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;For some of your terms, CMMI has a specific meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verification&lt;/strong&gt; addresses the question :-  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-quality-assurance.org/cmmi-verification.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Are we building the product correctly?&lt;/a&gt; This process looks at specifications, standards and guidelines to ensure that they have been correctly applied. For example if it is agreed (and this is usually documented in the Quality Plan) that standard IEEE xyz be used for the technical specification then an inspection is made to verify that the given standard has indeed been used for the technical specification.  &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation&lt;/strong&gt;  addresses the question :-  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-quality-assurance.org/cmmi-validation.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Are we building the correct product?&lt;/a&gt; This question can be asked at any time during the SDLC but the essence of the question is, when this software product is placed in its proper environment does it fulfill the goals and needs of the end user, as expressed in the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="44" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2011-07-10T07:33:16.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1391" CreationDate="2011-07-10T14:19:51.760" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;To further User246's point, I'll just add a couple of general points here that I've found to be true throughout most organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality Assurance&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality Assurance is the process of assuring quality. This process in the truest sense can only take place if it is included from the very beginning of a project. In its truest form, this is a process that pertains to all project members. It could be idealized through the common &quot;quality baked in approach&quot;. Although many companies consider this as a testing process, if it is going to be implemented properly, it should instead be handled by a senior dev, senior tester, or in an ideal environment, by a quality assurance team whose responsibilities do not include being the only testers.  For more information on the quality assurance process, I recommend reading some of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.com/Gerald-M.-Weinberg/e/B000AP8TZ8/ref=sr_ntt_srch_lnk_7?qid=1310306207&amp;amp;sr=8-7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gerald Weinberg&lt;/a&gt;'s work, specifically &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B004KABAS2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Why Software gets in Trouble&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality Control&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This process should normally begin at the beginning of a project, but it is alright if it begins later. This is the process of inspection and detection (ie: requirements review, code review, software testing). This process is more of a fit for traditional software testers than Quality Assurance is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traditionally, testing is considered to be a subset of the Quality Control process although many organizations and managers consider testing to be Quality Assurance.  Software testing is a process used to detect and identify faults and failures in a piece of software. More and more however, as companies switch to more non-traditional forms of software development, the software testing process seems to be transforming into a more contextual model in which questions like &quot;Will our customer understand how to use this&quot; (Very high level, I know). References to what software testing is and isn't can be found all over the web. I won't include references, as I'm not certain which particular software testing process you follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verification and Validation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't really put much more in here than Peter K. did. About the only way that I can possibly clarify is by 2 examples. For a more in-depth answer, you may want to ask this sub-question on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;English StackExchange Site&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I * the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;em&gt;verified&lt;/em&gt; the data.  (The data is there)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;em&gt;validated&lt;/em&gt; the data.  (The data is correct in its context)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prevention&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prevention is the act of preventing bugs or failures from ever entering the system. In a traditional sense, this cannot be a testing activity as it must be done while the software is being developed. This would include assuring that the requirements are correct and that the software is written to correctly meet them. Personally, as a tester, I spend a lot of time working with our Business Analysts and Developers on the kinds of things that we do not want to happen. This kind of work could be considered a prevention exercise to which a tester can contribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detection&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detection goes hand in hand with Quality Control. It is the process of detecting faults and failures after they have been entered into the system. In the traditional software testing process, this would be the traditional act of software testing (functional testing, automated testing, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_acceptance_testing#User_acceptance_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UAT&lt;/a&gt;, etc...). Detection can, however be done at the requirements stage of a project, and could then also be considered part of prevention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps a little bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:46.520" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T13:31:31.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1387" CreationDate="2011-07-10T14:38:58.567" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;SoapUI can be used to verify workflows, but so far, I've only been able to get it to work when they are ordered correctly.  I've since discovered that it was much to write these tests programmatically (C#, Java).  This allows for you to customize your workflow to how you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your third question, although typically you would want to run it as an integration test, you could use the following scenario:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have UI automation enter data into required inputs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After submitting data (BDD may not be a good fit for this), pass same data to test method which tests your webservice&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate repsonse from web service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate response from UI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be much better suited however to two seperate tests using the same data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-07-10T14:38:58.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1389" CreationDate="2011-07-10T22:19:43.757" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I prefer the approach that you are currently implementing, i.e. scale out with a lot of test machines. The reasons I prefer it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Machine level isolation of tests from each other. Even with the best intention, it is possible to get resource contention and tests interfering with each other, especially when web testing is involved (session state), and/or you have to deal with anything at the OS level, like OS error dialogues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Performance. I personally find that the main bottleneck with my tests is that the clients are CPU bound when launching applications or running the application as fast as it will go. How much you can leverage multi-cores is entirely dependent on the application being written to support it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-07-10T22:19:43.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1367" CreationDate="2011-07-10T22:26:37.603" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main challenge with any waterfall style testing is that you are increasing the time between the defect being introduced and the the defect being found, and the closer you can bring these points together, the cheaper the defect is to fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My recommendation would be that you split your testing and do some in the current iteration and some in the catch up, with a view to trying to close that gap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Current iteration&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build verification testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual exploratory testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Catch up iteration&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Formal requirement verification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation once feature has been verified&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-07-10T22:26:37.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1372" CreationDate="2011-07-11T04:29:48.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are willing to use Lisp, I suggest looking at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://nakkaya.com/2009/10/10/processing-xml-with-clojure/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XML parsing and writing functions in Clojure&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-11T04:29:48.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1399" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1402" CreationDate="2011-07-11T04:58:37.263" Score="5" ViewCount="3178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I am not going to say what falls in functional/non-functional testing as it might vary in your work place. But if you carry out a11y testing then do you have it marked as functional testing or non functional testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:22:47.837" Title="Accessibility Testing - Should it be considered functional testing or non functional testing?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1399" CreationDate="2011-07-11T06:42:16.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Objective of Accessibility Testing is to ensure the application / website being tested are usable by people with disabilities which falls under functional testing. I guess it should be considered as functional testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="384" LastActivityDate="2011-07-11T06:42:16.290" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1399" CreationDate="2011-07-11T06:47:15.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that it would depend on the industry and the deployment of the application as to how you treat it. For example, it may be irrelevant for an internal only tool, but completely relevant if you are the website of the Olympic Games and don't want to get sued.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The Sydney 2000 Organising Committee lost a lawsuit for failing to cater for users who could not access a visual version of the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games website.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like Jeff Atwood treats performance (as a feature) I would treat it like a feature, and test it as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-07-11T21:41:35.010" LastActivityDate="2011-07-11T21:41:35.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1399" CreationDate="2011-07-11T15:34:37.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In traditional models, accessibility falls under non-functional testing; however, because in commercial software accessibility often falls under legal or regulatory requirements it may also be considered functional but, not all software is commercial software or needs to comply with governmental regulations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like the following definitions from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lessons-from-history.com/node/83&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.lessons-from-history.com/node/83&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&quot;a functional requirement specifies what the system should do&quot;&#xA;&quot;a non-functional requirement specifies how the system should behave&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-07-11T15:34:37.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1378" CreationDate="2011-07-12T08:27:46.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Known bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This build is supposed to fix this issue, but is not an official release yet so YMMV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://xserve.openqa.org:8085/browse/IDE-IDE-125/artifact&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://xserve.openqa.org:8085/browse/IDE-IDE-125/artifact&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2011-07-12T08:27:46.397" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1405" CreationDate="2011-07-12T21:10:22.510" Score="12" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm considering asking my boss about sending me to STARWest, but I'm wondering if it's valuable enough for me to justify the expense to the company to him (there is no way I could afford to go on my own).  I've never been before, and I'm not sure what to expect.  All I know is that I recognize a lot of the names there, and the idea of being around lots of other software testers for days sounds amazing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone been to this particular conference or a similar conference (STAREast, etc.)?  In general, is the cost of a big software-testing conference likely to be justified by the benefit of the conference?  I'm guessing there is no one answer to this question, so, what factors should be a part of this decision?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited title to make more generic :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-07-13T21:44:57.000" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T20:35:24.397" Title="Are testing conferences usually worth attending?" Tags="&lt;self-education&gt;&lt;conference&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1404" CreationDate="2011-07-12T22:59:18.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I went to PNSQC in 2009, and it was a great experience.  A few of my colleagues went to the STARWest, and they shared the same experience.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What you get&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sitting through various lectures and presentation provided a lot of knowledge on what kind of problems are being faced, how the professionals deal with those, and the solutions they have used - whether succeeded or failed.  You definitely want to go through the schedule to learn what is being offered.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was also a great networking opportunity.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exposure to different technologies, techniques, processes and work-arounds.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;After the conference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We (3 of us went to this conference) decided to summarize our experience and present it to the rest of the team at work.  Of various lectures and presentations, we decided to pick the ones that could directly impact our team, and decided to do a separate brown bag for each.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choosing and attending a good QA conference can be very helpful to the individual and the team, depending on how the individual selects the lectures and shares the knowledge.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-07-12T22:59:18.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1404" CreationDate="2011-07-13T15:16:59.140" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;WRT value, a conference is similar to other types of education. You can sit there and expect to be spoon-fed answers, or you can be an active learner and participate in your supplementing your knowledge. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People who just 'show-up' to any form of training (including a conference) and expect someone to give them the answers to their woes tend to get very little actionable value from that training or conference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone who prepares and participates, asks questions, interacts with others, discusses different ideas, situations and personal experiences with speakers and participants, etc. is more likely to get more from a conference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deciding which conference to go to depends on your motivation for attending in the first place, and your expectations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-07-13T15:16:59.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1404" CreationDate="2011-07-13T20:39:04.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I find that I get the most value out of conferences between sessions. I.e. it is the new people that I meet and the interactions that I can have with industry leaders that I get the most value out of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sessions are then just a bonus :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-07-13T20:39:04.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1408" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1414" CreationDate="2011-07-13T21:31:18.587" Score="9" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get that arriving to the session early (at least on time) and paying full attention is a given. I sit on the front row when I can to lessen distractions &amp;amp; help me focus. Also I get to go to bed at a reasonable hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ask because:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; * I don't want to listen to product sales pitches disguised as information sessions given by &quot;experts.&quot; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; * I have signed up for breakouts only to find the content was so high-level, it could have been given at any conference. In other words, I attend the breakout with expectations as per the description. However the content, while loosely aligned with the description, was not unique to my testing needs and the setting is a testing conference so how could it not relate to testing? &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; * Excellent breakouts are scheduled at same time &amp;amp; I can't attend both. Is there a way to make this a win-win for an attendee?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; * Let's say I see industry experts chatting in the lobby. I have read their books, blogs and tweets for years. And they tweet, e-mail, comment on each others' blogs regularly, and will see each other at the next conference in 6 months (if not sooner). I go to 1 conference every 2-4 or even 5 years and am thrilled to be around such a great pool of valuable knowledge. Knowing that I may not get this opportunity again, and, as a professional, I would like to say &quot;Hello&quot; and introduce myself. What is the best way to do this?&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are a few ideas to get thoughts rolling, but generally speaking, I am looking for tips on how to get the most possible benefit from attending a testing conference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T23:12:54.703" Title="How can a conference attendee get the most out of a testing conference?" Tags="&lt;conference&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1408" CreationDate="2011-07-13T23:54:41.063" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I would like to say &quot;Hello&quot; and introduce myself. What is the best way to do this?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way is to go up and introduce yourself! Go for it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have spoken at many conferences around the world and I always enjoy meeting new people and listening to their thoughts and ideas, hearing issues they may be facing, and learning more about what's happening in different parts of the industry outside of MS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, there is a lot going on at the conference, so I and many of my colleagues are quite open to folks contacting us via email after a conference if there isn't time during the conference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line, don't be afraid to reach out. Despite the different opinions and personalities running around the conference circuit I think most speakers and even the attendees are there to network and share ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-07-13T23:54:41.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1408" CreationDate="2011-07-14T03:37:46.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I find that I get the most value out of conferences between sessions. I.e. it is the new people that I meet and the interactions that I can have with industry leaders that I get the most value out of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sessions are then just a bonus, if they are being recorded and published later, I will go to very few (unless of course I am presenting the session myself :-) )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-07-14T03:37:46.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1411" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1918" CreationDate="2011-07-14T12:22:43.013" Score="5" ViewCount="1199" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to run a test that stores the position of key page elements on a live site, then compares it to a staging site to ensure the two match. The main issue is that the URLs for the live and staging sites are going to be different - and a Selenese test suite can only work from one base domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there some way I can share or store variables across two different test suites to achieve this, or is there an even better way? Note that I am wondering if this is possible in the IDE, rather than running a dedicated test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T07:13:07.120" Title="Testing a live and staging site with Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1404" CreationDate="2011-07-14T13:40:55.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bj Rollison makes the best case, and it was the attitude I went with when I went to my first conference.  I am a self-learner and in QA there is a lot of material, but most of it is broad, so I checked out sessions that suited my interests and what we were doing at work then went in thinking about things that were issues for us.  When a section came up that was about a question I had I noted answers from the session, or asked them, if I had no time I sought out the lecturer for a one-to-one (many are amenable to tech discussions) so it was a win-win for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go in with the attitude, and preparation to learn and you will get a lot out.  Expect to sit there and come out with osmotic knowledge and you will be disappointed.  Look for times to network with colleagues to discuss issues or see what people are doing and you will get more out of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck and enjoy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-07-14T13:40:55.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1127" CreationDate="2011-07-15T10:12:17.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not convinced it's worth automating this kind of test, but if you want to try it you could use Lego Mindstorms to do it like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.engadget.com/2011/02/02/lego-bot-built-to-test-knos-tablet-textbook-human-overlords-wa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;these guys&lt;/a&gt; did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-07-15T10:12:17.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1408" CreationDate="2011-07-15T11:25:34.493" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When in sessions, along with what you mentioned, don't be afraid to ask questions.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also, if you have something specific or a bit deeper than can be covered in a 60 -90 minute presentation, stay after and talk to the presenter (and anyone else hanging around).  This may mean no scheduling back to back sessions, but it is worth it to have the time to talk to industry experts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-07-15T11:25:34.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1415" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1417" CreationDate="2011-07-15T16:15:14.047" Score="5" ViewCount="2012" Body="&lt;p&gt;The testing department is new at my company so I am trying to establish some test reporting policies.&#xA;We are starting out by develping a suite of regression tests which will be good for the long term stability of the programs but I don't expect to catch too many bugs this way so I'm afraid the test results will be pretty boring to start with.&#xA;We have an agile development process where a new version of the programs to be tested are released every two weeks.&#xA;I'm concerned that e-mailing the test results will become too routine after a while and the e-mails will eventually be treated like spam and ignored.&#xA;I'd like to post the testing results on an internal web server as this will provide a historical repository of what has and has not been tested in the past but I'm concerned that this will largly be ignored by stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any best practices for presenting meaningful test results to the right people at the right times and still keeping a good history of test results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-07-15T17:48:47.633" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T20:53:28.017" Title="What is the best way to report test results?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2011-07-15T16:49:48.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless there's a bug to report, test results are meaningless to anyone outside of the testers themselves.  At least, that's my experience.  Why do I need to know that we found zero bugs every morning?  That's not useful to me as a business analyst, developer, etc., on a daily basis.  So, the fact that it is ignored by the stakeholders is actually expected and shouldn't be a concern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, the history is still important and needs to be preserved somewhere, just not broadcast to everyone.  If a bug is found when running a test, the developers may want to know the version/build, date, and time of the last known successful test run so they can pinpoint the change set that potentially created the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-07-15T16:49:48.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2011-07-15T17:56:23.397" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like posting results online, and then emailing stakeholders only for failures.  No email means everything went smoothly.  If someone isn't sure or just wants to see what was run, then the full set of results is available online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As TristaanOgre points out in the comments, testers need more frequent communication to be sure the tests ran.  I would add that the title should mention if the run failed or passed for easy sorting into folders.  For testers, then, a lack of e-mail means a lack of a test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-07-15T20:15:47.867" LastActivityDate="2011-07-15T20:15:47.867" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2011-07-15T18:05:22.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A bug report containing the below could be meaningful:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. Number of test cases passed, failed and pass percentage&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. &lt;strong&gt;Analysis and classification of failures&lt;/strong&gt; : This is very important. A brief failure classification helps understand whether it is an automation issue, application code bug or environment issue. If a large % of test cases fail due to automation/environment issue it alerts us of the bad health of the automation suite&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3. As @Tristaan pointed out having the list of bugs with the developers in loop can help to keep the DEV informed about the priority and timeline of the bug&lt;br&gt;&#xA;4. &lt;strong&gt;Number of TCs blocked by a bug&lt;/strong&gt; - This again can help the developer understand how critical the bug is. If a bug blocks 300 test cases, no matter even if its a trivial issue, it needs to be fixed ASAP. You can add the DEV's manager as well in these situations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maintaining history of test results is also important. If I want to find &lt;strong&gt;the delta of test cases that passed in the past release and failed in the current one&lt;/strong&gt;, the history helps. I usually organize test results release-wise in a shared folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2011-07-15T20:27:31.440" LastActivityDate="2011-07-15T20:27:31.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2011-07-15T18:42:56.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally I would think a defect tracking system would track defects that are open, fixes &amp;amp; associated resolutions and could auto-generate a report to parties who want such notification ...however, since at my firm, we don't have a robust defect tracking system, one solution I have come up is (this particular example applies to installation testing) to create a .xls file logging the issues with hyperlinks to backup documentation, then upload the .xls file to SharePoint. SharePoint can be configured to generate an e-mail anytime a file is updated so the affected parties are notified of changes - if they opt to receive those alerts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For our team, this method is working for now, and it keeps the testers out of developers and managers offices (in other words, lessens distractions) during crunch time. The .xls file keeps a status update of each defect and that really is the bottom line for a manager so they can only focus on the critical or open issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A separate .xls file is maintained per version release, and since each is uploaded to SharePoint, there is a history we can easily refer back to when needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-07-15T18:42:56.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1421" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2713" CreationDate="2011-07-17T01:54:34.673" Score="4" ViewCount="6697" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I automate clicking this anchor tag with Selenium IDE (in Mozilla Firefox of course)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried two different approaches, and neither one worked. Would it matter that this is in a popup window? I can get other controls to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML (this is an ASP.NET LinkButton control):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:__doPostBack('EditTestResult$EditOverallTestResults$BucketMove$LBuSelect','')&quot; class=&quot;standard-text&quot; id=&quot;EditTestResult_EditOverallTestResults_BucketMove_LBuSelect&quot;&amp;gt;-&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium code that didn't work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: clickAndWait&#xA;Target: id=EditTestResult_EditOverallTestResults_BucketMove_LBuSelect&#xA;Value: &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium code that didn't work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: clickAndWait&#xA;Target: link=-&amp;gt;&#xA;Value: &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="3046" LastEditDate="2012-12-10T15:47:45.643" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T15:47:45.643" Title="Selenium IDE clickAndWait command not working for unique LinkButton control" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2011-07-17T09:28:18.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had good experience with dashboards.&#xA;In one extreme (very simple dash) it was &lt;a href=&quot;http://widgets.yahoo.com/widgets/cruise-control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CruiseControl Yahoo Widget&lt;/a&gt;, you get a green for all-OK, red for failure and yellow for something is wrong or not running. It was visible on a screen hanging from the lab ceiling visible for everyone...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other places we used tables, pie charts etc. to summarize the results and make them understandable in a glance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-07-17T09:28:18.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2011-07-17T21:08:26.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is fine to ask others for best practices, but ultimately you must tune your own practices to the needs of your organization.  You have at least two audiences: testers and developers.  Their interests, attention span, and tolerance of interruptions will vary.  I recommend that you propose something that sounds right to you, share it with your team, and ask for their feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever your team decides, expect it to change over time and as the team changes.  (Your remark about spam suggests you have already anticipated this.)  If possible, design your process so that how you deliver test results is loosely coupled from how you store test results, because they may vary in different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-17T21:08:26.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1427" CreationDate="2011-07-18T01:36:35.470" Score="7" ViewCount="466" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an associate of mine that currently has a few years(4+) of experience as a Quality Assurance professional, mainly examining products for a large retailer. However, they're looking to move into the software QA world, as it seems it's easier to finds jobs in that line of work then in the retail world in this economy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm wondering is that as folks that are in that industry, what advice would you offer for them when applying for work in that field? I figured the general QA skills would carry over well, and usability testing would also be fine. However, anything like say, unit test building would be beyond their expertise level. That being said, I'm not and have never worked as a QA professional, so I'd welcome any information that could help them in their quest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="557" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T21:40:02.950" Title="Moving to software QA from a non-IT QA role" Tags="&lt;qualification&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1425" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1557" CreationDate="2011-07-18T05:40:01.303" Score="15" ViewCount="1630" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your test strategy/testing where would the installation testing (set-up/deployment with or without installer) belong? Is it a part of functional testing or non-functional testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-06T20:41:33.067" LastActivityDate="2019-11-30T21:51:45.287" Title="Installation testing is part of functional or non-functional testing?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1425" CreationDate="2011-07-18T07:14:20.423" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me it's a non-functional requirement, even if the key users have some requests regarding the instalation folder location (for better integration with other software packages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests for the available features detection are still placed in the functional requirements area, given that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the software can be bin-deployed in some cases, and some optimized libraries can be made available after the manual installation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some libraries are available only for some platforms (like .NET 4.0 only, or Python 2.x only)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A small example: the deployed software should detect and use a CUDA-enabled GPU. There will be 3 sets of tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for the normal code path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for the CUDA code path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for the correct CUDA detection (the GPU can be upgraded/downgraded after the installation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="947" LastEditorUserId="947" LastEditDate="2011-07-18T13:09:40.690" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T13:09:40.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1424" CreationDate="2011-07-18T08:00:07.227" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some general skills carry over very well.  99% of it comes down to the mindset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My testing career started in electronics manufacturing.  For most of the assemblies, there were only a few pre-determined tests that were run on them that were always black and white in regards to pass/fail.  The only time that we were given the chance to be creative was with things like environmental stress tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, most people in that role want to get creative, and want more freedom to execute the tests that they think are valid, but can't always.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for advice, first of all, unit test building is something for developers.  Although a good tester should be able to help determine what those should be.  Otherwise, have him/her (him for the rest of this answer) start doing some reading in some area's that interest him.  From what the rest of your post says, it sounds like he's probably going to be more testing than straight quality assurance analysis, so, some of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_ss_c_1_15?url=search-alias=stripbooks&amp;amp;field-keywords=james%20whittaker&amp;amp;sprefix=james%20whittaker&quot;&gt;James Whittaker&lt;/a&gt;'s books can be a great start, mainly &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321636414&quot;&gt;Exploratory Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0201796198&quot;&gt;How to Break Software&lt;/a&gt;.  He may also want to check out some blogs such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/&quot;&gt;James Bach's blog&lt;/a&gt; or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rbcs-us.com/blog/&quot;&gt;RBCS blog&lt;/a&gt;.  For more generic info, there's also places like this, or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club&lt;/a&gt; or even &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com&quot;&gt;sqaforums&lt;/a&gt;.    These of course, are just small example of some reading material.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For experience, there's software all over the place.  Ask him to look at the software the same way that he'd look at any other product.  See what he can find.  There's open source projects that are looking for people to help test their products as well, and you don't already need to be a professional tester in order to help out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each person finds their own way to get into the profession, just like any other, but, maybe this could help lead to a decent start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T08:00:07.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1425" CreationDate="2011-07-18T08:13:15.523" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would agree with alexandrul's answer, with a few small caveats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, it depends on what the installer does.  If it's just a plain normal install, it would fall under non-functional.  If there are options in the installer that greatly affect the functionality of the application (ie: add/don't add specific features), I would normally put it in my functional testing (back when I still considered the seperation of the two important).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T08:13:15.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1425" CreationDate="2011-07-18T12:05:56.010" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lyndon makes some good points, it does depend on what your installer does.  When I have worked with them in the past, mostly I deal with SaaS and not so much with client apps anymore, but there were a few in my past jobs and we mostly had functional tests for them.  The rationale was we were not just dealing with installs, although that was there, but we needed to deal with uninstalls - which is something most people forget.  The expectation I have is when I uninstall a piece of software I expect my environment to reflect that software being completely gone, because if I reinstall it should be as if the software had never been there.  If that is your requirements, some applications do want to leave something in place because of trial/buy versions and want to be sure that you are not reinstalling the trial version over and over again to avoid buying it.  So in addition to what alexandrul notes I would also check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uninstall, all expected items removed (code, directories and/or registry entries)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reinstall&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintenance (Repair install), usually the one that fixes an install of the software in case of issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T12:05:56.010" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1430" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-18T16:17:29.970" Score="6" ViewCount="758" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that some UI automation tools struggle with GWT grids &amp;amp; the asynchronous aspect of Ajax based applications.  Has anyone tried Watir with an GWT\Ajax application.  Please share your experiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="953" LastActivityDate="2011-09-27T12:34:47.993" Title="Can you use Watir successfully with AJAX\GWT Applications" Tags="&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1436" CreationDate="2011-07-18T16:34:46.677" Score="22" ViewCount="1409" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working as an automated tester. Mostly I do GUI testing in SilkTest, which I like and think I'm fairly good at. Recently, I've been assigned a COM-testing project for our application's API. This involves coding in C++ with some more low-level concepts (pointers, manual memory management, complex data types, etc) than I've done previously in this role. Now, I have done some C/C++ programming in the past, and I'm getting through the project, but it does make me question how good of coder I am since I'm still making elementary mistakes. Is this acceptable? Does this in any way take away from my skills using higher-level languages and tools like Silk or Perl? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T23:51:53.387" Title="Can someone be a good automated tester and be terrible programmer?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2011-07-18T17:03:00.277" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Good automated tester&quot; and &quot;terrible programmer&quot; are judgments made in the context of a myriad of circumstances such as the subject's previous experiences, the task at hand, the simultaneous background work, the company environment, the team dynamics, and tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One may be a good automated tester in one context and a terrible automated tester in another.  Similarly, one may be a terrible programmer in one context and a stellar programmer in another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot learn without making mistakes.  I suggest you throw away the self-defeating labels and allow yourself to go through the learning process.  Each of us learns at a different pace and in a different way.  Pay attention to what you do, be honest about your mistakes, and give yourself time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-07-18T20:30:44.067" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T20:30:44.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1425" CreationDate="2011-07-18T17:17:14.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found it interesting the timing of your question with this well written blog on Installation Testing:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lauralistar.wordpress.com/2011/07/18/software-installation-uninstallation-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lauralistar.wordpress.com/2011/07/18/software-installation-uninstallation-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T17:17:14.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2011-07-18T17:19:48.010" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Elementary mistakes? You are too hard on yourself. I applaud you for stretching your skillset. Don't give up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T17:19:48.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1424" CreationDate="2011-07-18T17:25:21.350" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I moved to Software QA from a non-IT role. My prior QA was airline tickets and reservations. Please see prior questions on this Stack Exchange forum regarding what makes a skilled Tester / QA Analyst. Listed will be the traits (competencies) that are required at the very core of the heart of a passionate Tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Show them to your friend, who can then ask themselves if they have said trait, and decide for themselves. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the teensiest bit of code knowledge but hold a high level of respect among my peers because I find the juiciest bugs and can communicate w/respect (not as common as one would think).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited to correct typo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorUserId="51" LastEditDate="2011-07-18T21:40:02.950" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T21:40:02.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2011-07-18T18:15:37.197" Score="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you're selling yourself short, here - you've said that in a language and skillset with which you're familiar and current you do well, but you're struggling with a language and skillset you have worked with in the past but where you've become rather rusty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's normal. Seriously. Automation and programming are complementary skills but they're also &lt;em&gt;domain-bound&lt;/em&gt;. If you're not practicing in a particular domain (like interfacing with COM objects using C++), you lose the instant grasp of a lot of the basics and need references or assistance to get that back. You'll also be slower. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're not maintaining your Silk and Perl skills, you'll find when you return to them that they won't be as fluent as they were before you started this project. Again, this is normal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't fall into the trap of thinking that because you're good at one specific area and you understand the principles means you'll automatically be good at other specific areas. There's always a learning curve to any specific application of testing principles and automation (and coding) principles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, I do most of my automation coding using TestComplete and DelphiScript. I have worked with the C family, Java, VB and the script versions of all of these, but I wouldn't expect to be able to pick up and code any of them immediately because I haven't used them in quite a few years. I would expect to get better at working with them, but not instantly or even (necessarily) quickly, depending on the situation I was in and whatever else was placing demands on my time and energy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, your skillset would appear to be more than merely acceptable, and the fact that you're producing results indicates that you're learning enough to keep things moving in your position. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's great that you're wanting to improve more and more quickly, but don't forget you're just as human as everyone else here (I think. As far as I know there aren't any robot contributors here... Sorry. Strange sense of humor).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T18:15:37.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1424" CreationDate="2011-07-18T18:36:07.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the risk of sounding too much &quot;me too&quot;, I'd say that if your associate is able to use software well and enjoys the puzzle-work of QA, there's a good chance they'll go well in software QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the big differences between non-software and software QA are things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software tends not to be able to start from a clean, error-free state. Since a piece of software doesn't correspond to a product or a component, but to a unique object (and it's been created for someone who may not know what they actually want), there will be problems. The fun lies in finding them and communicating them in a way that doesn't turn the programmers into your sworn enemies for life.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While there are some preventive activities that can happen (like programmers coding to unit tests), on the whole there's an element of art involved, so QA becomes something of a user advocate - since programmers often have a &quot;high geek&quot; mindset where complexity and control are bonuses where end users are likely to prefer simplicity (Yes, this is a very broad generalization. In my experience it's also mostly true).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you've got enough of a logical/analytical mindset, automation and&#xA;other forms of computer-assisted testing won't be a huge challenge:&#xA;but why hamstring a good manual tester by forcing them to automate?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T18:36:07.113" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2011-07-18T18:56:10.907" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You sound like an unusually good programmer for an automated tester, and this is undoubtedly why you were trusted with such a difficult testing task.  Most dedicated programmers who use higher-level languages mostly would also stumble badly at first if they suddenly had to work with unmanaged code, even if they'd used unmanaged code at some point in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While you are learning these new skills, you can take steps to control the quality of your automation so it's easier to maintain later.  I would recommend finding a developer who is willing to mentor you and provide code reviews.  If this is difficult on your own, you may need to ask your manager to help you locate someone who can code review your work frequently (and it may take managerial influence to convince developers that this is a good use of their time, depending on your team dynamics).  It is very reasonable to let your manager know that you have mostly developed automation in high-level languages, and want your COM API testing code to be of equal quality, even though your skill set with C / C++ is rusty.  You can also point out how having a dedicated code reviewer will also help you re-learn these lower-level language skills more quickly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone at work is implying that your mistakes mean you are incompetent, you need to push back and market your willingness to learn on the job and expand your skill set.  Keep a confident smile on your face, thank them for sharing their concerns, and help your management remember why they chose you for this task.  You, specifically, were asked to do this for a reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T18:56:10.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1439" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1464" CreationDate="2011-07-18T19:12:50.203" Score="10" ViewCount="1783" Body="&lt;p&gt;There have been several questions lately along the lines of &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Is X a functional or non-functional type of testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.  Although I understand the distinction, it's never been an important distinction for me in my career.  Either I was on a team that only did one type of testing, or I have been the only tester on the team and responsible for all types of testing (and I didn't make a big distinction between functional and other types of tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are the pros and cons of separating functional tests from non-functional tests?  Are the concerns usually more about dividing work in a team, organizing test suites, applying different policies for different types of testing, or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:30:56.093" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T07:18:13.633" Title="Why is separating functional and non-functional test important (or not)?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1439" CreationDate="2011-07-18T19:44:55.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd see it as more of a tracking issue, I haven't done much non-functional testing (at least I wouldn't call it that) although I could look back and probably say we covered that in some other kind of testing.  Mostly when working on a project I look at the Functional Requirements and start basing tasks/tests/checks off that, anything not in the requirements might be considered non-functional but I've never called it that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go by Wikipedia, we've probably all done it: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-functional_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article - Non-functional testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I never quite grasped their definition of behavior for Requirements either. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-functional_requirements&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article - Non-functional requirement&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T07:18:13.633" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T07:18:13.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1439" CreationDate="2011-07-18T19:57:02.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't seen it as an important distinction - perhaps because my test teams are small, and are responsible for all the testing on their projects.   I don't have specialization to the level of &quot;this one does functional testing&quot; and &quot;that one does non-functional testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's good to understand the depth and breadth of possible testing though, as you decide what you will test for a given project, and what you won't test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T19:57:02.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1439" CreationDate="2011-07-18T21:08:31.927" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;We categorize things because we believe we need to treat the categories differently.  It is hard to express an opinion about why separating functional and non-functional tests is important without knowing how one would use the answer.  Important for what purpose?  Sometimes people ask such questions in these forums because they did not have an answer in a job interview or a classroom.  In such circumstances, the question may seem more important than it really is.  Perhaps that is the case here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that &quot;non-functional requirement&quot; is just a clumsy way to say &quot;implied requirement&quot; or &quot;unspoken requirement&quot; or &quot;goes-without-saying requirement&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may seem important to distinguish functional and non-functional testing for budgeting purposes.  Some non-functional requirements are treated differently because they have become specializations, e.g. internationalization testing and security testing.  Sometimes specializations are outsourced to other groups or other companies because it is too expensive or time-consuming to maintain expertise in-house. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that the test plan for a non-functional requirement must be made explicit just as it is for functional requirements.  Once the test plan is explicit, the dichotomy does not matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-07-18T22:42:12.510" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T22:42:12.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2011-07-18T21:58:47.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer the question posed in the subject: yes. I say that because I know first hand that it's true in reverse: I'm a pretty good programmer and simply cannot do testing (automatically or otherwise) on anything I write in an effective manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the question in the body isn't actually the same as the one in the title. C++ is not the simplest language out there, and neither is COM interaction with it. Programmers who haven't done it in a while or have never done it will screw it up, no matter how good they are. If pointers and manual memory management were easy, we wouldn't have so many common mistakes using them still and we wouldn't have managed languages that try to take over control of that stuff. Much like anything else it gets easier with practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for it affecting your use of higher level languages... not really. It certainly doesn't hurt, but indepth C++ knowledge isn't necessary to use Perl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="958" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T21:58:47.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2011-07-18T22:11:18.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;OK so you're working with some low level C/C++ concepts, yes they are tricky and you do have to hit the books and study your way to understanding. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the complex data structures; if they are proprietary to the problem domain in which you are working then the quickest way to gain mastery of these is to pair with a colleague.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write small unit tests as you progress to test your work and simultaneously learn your craft. Automate the running of those tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, keep the faith and stick at it, your bit of self doubt is an indicator of your conscientiousness which no doubt your employer values; in pseudo code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;while (!(succeed=try()));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(pseudo code borrowed from website that sells t-shirts and tech toys to ruminating geek masses)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="959" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T22:11:18.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2011-07-18T22:21:42.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well C and C++ are hard. Many Software Engineers who have not written any C or C++ code in a few years would make elementary mistakes so don't be too hard on yourself. Even the fact you are on Stack Exchange asking these questions means something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="370" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T22:21:42.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1408" CreationDate="2011-07-18T23:12:54.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Let's say I see industry experts chatting in the lobby. I have read their books, blogs and tweets for years. And they tweet, e-mail, comment on each others' blogs regularly, and will see each other at the next conference in 6 months (if not sooner). I go to 1 conference every 2-4 or even 5 years and am thrilled to be around such a great pool of valuable knowledge. Knowing that I may not get this opportunity again, and, as a professional, I would like to say &quot;Hello&quot; and introduce myself. What is the best way to do this?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've met absolutely not even one person who presents in testing who doesn't regularly talk to anyone and everyone. Even the biggest names aren't famous for real. We're all nerds! Just say something interesting that relates to testing and jump on in the conversation. Authentic enthusiasm is always appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, I didn't know who Doug Hoffman was and the first time I met him I asked him for his card. Well, I guess I owe a Happy Birthday to Mr. President for that one!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="962" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T23:12:54.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="59" CreationDate="2011-07-18T23:39:11.577" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends entirely on what you are looking to accomplish in your testing work. Is it simply to have one reliable job? Do you want to see what kinds of testing and industries are like to work in? What kind of software is being developed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These questions are not at all viable if you are looking to help teams improve their quality from where they are currently. We don't need all of our best testers sitting their butts in some fluffy chair at the few places they actually have a valued team using the same tools and not inventing anything new.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I enjoy consulting because it isn't the same job at the same place with the same people and the same tools over and over. It is solving new problems and learning how to work with different people from different places. I think it's exciting to be able to see a variety of projects and even to start something entirely new.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is your job to please yourself, or to help a client? Are you a follower who needs everything already in place for you, or are you a trailblazer who can set it up? I think it takes both types of people, and there is a need for talent both to sustain good companies who earn their money in non-software areas, and for small companies to grow. Do I want to feel like Disneyland when I go to a company meeting, or do I want to CEO to call me after dinner sometimes, or something in between. There isn't a simple list to go by. Who are you, and what are you good at?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="962" LastActivityDate="2011-07-18T23:39:11.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1448" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-19T00:50:16.850" Score="10" ViewCount="4544" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run a software development company, I am considering hiring a QA person, what are the traits I should look for in a candiate? And what are the traits I should avoid?&#xA;(extra credit for how you can test for these traits)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="964" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T13:36:22.793" Title="How to QA the QA candidates... what should I look for in a QA person" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;qualification&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-05-26T16:35:46.907" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1449" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1452" CreationDate="2011-07-19T04:10:09.867" Score="5" ViewCount="742" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question about selenium2 (webdriver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As selenium-2 supports following 4 types of web drivers.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1-IE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2-firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3-chrome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4-htmlunit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to use any other webdriver apart from these; like Safari, Opera etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="834" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T04:48:42.773" Title="Selenium-2 Webdriver browser support" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-19T04:34:19.350" Score="3" ViewCount="7451" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below tools I figured out for Flex Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FlexMonkium - Selenium IDE Addon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FlexMonkey - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/flexmonkey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gorillalogic.com/flexmonkey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FlexPilot - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mde/flex-pilot/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mde/flex-pilot/wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FlexUISelenium - &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/flex-ui-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/flex-ui-selenium/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt; What would be most preferred tool from above list for developing flex based automation. Learning curve, Tool features&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt; I have not found example blogpost for a flex based website testing :(, Any pointers to documentation/examples would be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt; Any best practices / lessons if you have worked on this tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meantime, I'm beginning to start looking at FlexMonkey&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Found a very good article. Wanted to share the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium – Flex Integration Steps - &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vasu-teju.blogspot.com/2011/06/selenium-flex-integration-steps.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://vasu-teju.blogspot.com/2011/06/selenium-flex-integration-steps.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing Flex Apps with FlexMonkey Reloaded&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesward.com/2011/03/02/testing-flex-apps-with-flexmonkey-reloaded/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.jamesward.com/2011/03/02/testing-flex-apps-with-flexmonkey-reloaded/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many thanks to author - vasu for his time and effort to share knowledge. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="93" LastEditDate="2011-11-03T17:41:23.417" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T05:12:40.987" Title="Flex Test Automation Tools Questions" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;flash-selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-12-08T09:07:13.027" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1421" CreationDate="2011-07-19T04:42:34.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So if button is on a pop up window then you would first have to bring control on pop window with some thing like -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.click(&quot;elementLocator&quot;);&#xA;selenium.waitForPopupWindow(&quot;windowID&quot; , &quot;waitPeriod&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;// I have seen window &#xA;// title also working hence you could try that also&#xA;&#xA;selenium.focus(&quot;windowID&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;// Continue with operations on Pop up window&#xA;// Bring control back on main window&#xA;&#xA;selenium.focus(&quot;&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;// Continue with operations on main window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T04:42:34.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1449" CreationDate="2011-07-19T04:48:42.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/selenium-developers/enmbgeQRmJ8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; discussion might help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T04:48:42.773" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1453" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1454" CreationDate="2011-07-19T07:55:57.863" Score="5" ViewCount="21401" Body="&lt;p&gt;I posted it on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6742271/how-to-fix-permission-denied-to-access-property-document&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;stackoverflow.com&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Someone suggested me to post it here...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While trying to automate testing with selenium rc I ran into this problem. I was just following the steps in the tutorials. Here is the code (same as tutorials):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestFixture]&#xA;public class SeleniumTest&#xA;{&#xA;    private ISelenium selenium;&#xA;    private StringBuilder verificationErrors;&#xA;&#xA;    [SetUp]&#xA;    public void SetupTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;        selenium = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, @&quot;*custom D:\Program Files (x86)\Firefox 4\firefox.exe&quot;, &quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.Start();&#xA;        verificationErrors = new StringBuilder();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TearDown]&#xA;    public void TeardownTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            selenium.Stop();&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception)&#xA;        {&#xA;            // Ignore errors if unable to close the browser&#xA;        }&#xA;        Assert.AreEqual(&quot;&quot;, verificationErrors.ToString());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [Test]&#xA;    public void TheGoogleTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;        selenium.Open(&quot;/&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.Type(&quot;lst-ib&quot;, &quot;selenium&quot;);&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.IsTrue(selenium.IsTextPresent(&quot;Selenium - Web Browser Automation&quot;));&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (AssertionException e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            verificationErrors.Append(e.Message);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the test, my firefox-5 browser pops up and the url looks like this:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;http://www.google.com/selenium-server/core/RemoteRunner.html?sessionId=507c2d6ec7214587984f0f86148e9ff5&amp;amp;multiWindow=true&amp;amp;baseUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F&amp;amp;debugMode=false&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought the url should be &lt;em&gt;http://localhost:4444&lt;/em&gt; and changed the url (leaving the rest). Now a selenium page(&lt;em&gt;RemoteRunner.html&lt;/em&gt; ) opens up (with commands on the right). It then opens the google page, but nothing after that. And &lt;em&gt;nunit&lt;/em&gt; shows me the test case failed, stating the reason: &lt;em&gt;Permission denied to access property 'document'&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea? Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="966" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T10:21:26.783" Title="How to fix “Permission denied to access property 'document'”?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1453" CreationDate="2011-07-19T10:21:26.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you instantiate you selenium object as ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, &quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here *chrome refers to firefox browser and has elevated security privileges on java script security restrictions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T10:21:26.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1448" CreationDate="2011-07-19T12:35:59.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be getting the tester to &quot;think like a tester'. The way I like to do this is to give them a scenario and then have them come up with test cases for how they would test something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want some examples, Trish Khoo and I covered this topic at length in this episode of our testing podcast ... &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testcast.net/archives/show-03-do-i-get-the-job/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testcast.net/archives/show-03-do-i-get-the-job/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T12:35:59.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1439" CreationDate="2011-07-19T14:05:03.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any time you group tests into a suite of tests you are likely grouping along some category. For example, we have several suites of functional tests that get ran against every daily build. We also have other tests for security, battery, reliability (non-functional categories). Some of these suites get ran less frequently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although we don't necessarily differentiate between structural, functional, non-functional, or behavioral tests explicitly, these are categories that help us model our suites of tests so we can design our tests on specific focus areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T14:05:03.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2011-07-19T14:56:37.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to take reporting back to a couple of fundamental questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who are you reporting to?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do they need to know?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer to those questions is not constant, so it doesn't make sense to me to rely only on a constant reporting style. If you're emailing the same report to the same people week after week regardless of the work being done, then yeah it's probably going to be ignored. What I suggest you do instead is arm yourself with a repertoire of test reporting styles and pull them out as appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The things that you're working on will be different. It stands to reason that your reporting should change to suit. If you have a suite of regression checks, then great. Are the results of those important to anyone outside the dev team? Who else do you report to? What are they interested in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're doing standups, then you can report anything the dev group needs to hear about there (or at least tell the relevant developers that you need their time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're reporting to project managers or product team or whoever, then make sure you speak with them to find out what they want to know about before you start testing. There's no use reporting a bunch of stuff they don't care about (the caveat to that being that it's information that they don't know that they need to hear).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reporting isn't necessarily the soulless boring drudgework that you do at the end of testing. You don't have to turn in a novel each time. There are plenty of ways to report. Here are a few. Have a think about the different situations you might employ these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drive-by reporting: As you head past your audience on the way to somewhere else, give them a 30 second update on your progress&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mike Kelly's MCOASTER heuristic for when people stop by for a status update&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paired bug repros: Grab a developer and show them a bug (or several) you've found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1 page / 1 slide status update - put the relevant stuff in point form on 1 page. Give it to your audience and encourage them to ask questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Low-tech dashboard: A whiteboard somewhere public with information for people to see and digest at a glance - James Bach has a good version of this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test session notes &amp;amp; debrief notes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen captures and/or annotated images&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure you can think of more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T14:56:37.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1448" CreationDate="2011-07-19T16:10:28.067" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is going to sound crazy, but... it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you want from a tester who will be doing a whole lot of routine, pre-defined tests (one hopes this isn't the case, but sometimes it is necessary) manually isn't what you want from a tester who's going to need to handle a highly dynamic system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you're looking for someone who will be good with the latter, I'd suggest you look for puzzle/problem-solving experience (and ways to test this are many and varied, including pointing them at a website with known problems and getting them to report what they see as the killer bugs after some set time testing it. That gives you a quick-and-dirty thumbnail on the person's ability to prioritize bugs as well as their ability to find them. (I wouldn't put more stock in this one than 'quick and dirty', because interviews are high-stress situations and not everyone does their best at this kind of challenge when they're stressing over whether or not they'll do well in the interview). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can ask them how they'd communicate the problems they found. That gives you a thumbnail on whether or not the applicant is going end up being seen as a valued team member or a bloody nuisance by your developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next test of the tester I'd suggest is to give them some generic software design documents with known problems, give them time to examine the documentation, then ask them what they think. Here you've got an honesty test (in that you probably don't want someone who will try to give you the response they think you want), a tact test (can they tell you it stinks in a way that doesn't make it sound like a criticism), and you can see if they're good at picking out gaps (In my not at all humble opinion, picking out gaps in a specification is a critical skill for a good tester - because no-one wants those gaps to find their way to production). This is really more of a filter between the good and the not-so-good, and between the most adaptable and least adaptable. Someone who's very good but slow to adapt may not find the gaps, where someone who's a bit faster to handle new material probably will. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these are thumbnail suggestions to get a quick impression of how your applicant performs at some key tester-like activities. They don't substitute for experience or know-how, but they can be a useful supplement. Again, my opinion only, not to be taken as the Infallible Truth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this gives you some ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T16:10:28.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1448" CreationDate="2011-07-19T17:24:06.317" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as you would for any other role in your software development company, you decide what you want the new hire to be able to do, then seek people qualified to fulfill that role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you already know that you want to hire a &quot;QA person&quot;, then you must have some sort of idea about what this QA person will do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are no magic traits/questions here, just as there is no magic for other software roles.  There's no trick to hiring, just hard work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for a candidate that is technically capable of filling the role you have in mind.  And look for someone who would be excited to fill that role for an extended period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If neither you nor anyone in your group has any experience working with professional QAers, you should talk with people who do.  This will help you hone your job description, and help clarify what it is you will expect from your QA person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/what-do-qaers-and-testers-do.html&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/what-do-qaers-and-testers-do.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/testers-and-developers-at-fog-creek.html&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/05/slideshow-optimistic-developers.html&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/05/slideshow-optimistic-developers.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/optimistic-developers-pessimistic.html&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T17:24:06.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1404" CreationDate="2011-07-19T20:35:24.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In terms of justifying the expense to your boss, I'd say the advantages to the company of sending someone to a big conference are (in no particular order):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It exposes you to a wide variety of ideas - different approaches to&#xA;testing, different problems, different market pressures, different&#xA;techniques - things you'd never have considered before.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It helps raise the company's profile, potentially with&#xA;customers, but certainly with potential employees. You look like the&#xA;sort of company who invests in their people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are sessions covering tools/techniques/approaches&#xA;you're thinking of applying locally, you get to ask the speaker&#xA;directly about your issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You come back full of ideas - enthusiasm is infectious. You'll likely keep on bringing new ideas into work for some time afterwards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're the only tester in your group, it gives you an excellent chance to make connections with peers that again brings more knowledge into your company, and gives you much needed moral support. (It always helps to be able to talk stuff over with other people who do what you do).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes it worth it for you? I think that depends on the individual - but for me, I went to Eurostar in 2008, and it was definitely worth it - it blew my tester brain!  The people I met and talked to gave me a link to the wider test community, I came back with a huge list of stuff I needed to learn next, and it all kinda went on from there - it basically flipped the switch for me between &quot;this testing stuff is pretty interesting&quot; to &quot;I have to learn about this. NOW.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T20:35:24.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1461" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1465" CreationDate="2011-07-19T21:22:40.443" Score="8" ViewCount="859" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently putting together a more formal training syllabus/plan for the testers on our team.  Whilst on-the-job coaching has served us pretty well so far (helped by the fact that everyone on the team is a really motivated self-learner, and yes, this does make for an amazing work environment, thanks), I'd like to make sure we don't miss out on opportunities for external training that might bring in new ideas, and I'd also like to be able to use it as a resource that might be helpful to other roles who might still need to develop some degree of testing skill. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; looking for a laundry list of courses, or course recommendations (I already have many more great courses than we could ever afford to send people on), but more of an idea of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) How you went about putting together the dept training plan. Consulting my colleagues about what they'd like to see is an no brainer - but any other advice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) How you broke down the skills list involved - what areas did you cover? What wasn't on your list, and why? What factors did you consider? What kind of mix of hard and soft skills did you go for, and how was that influenced by the makeup of your team? Did you mainly focus on skills to develop, or knowledge to gain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) What really really hasn't worked for you in the past?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-07-20T15:05:18.137" Title="What factors do you consider when putting together a dept training plan?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1461" CreationDate="2011-07-19T22:57:58.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The syllabus should first introduce the trainees to all the core concepts involved with interesting &lt;strong&gt;examples/analogy&lt;/strong&gt; so that they can relate to them and remember easily. After that, get them hands-on with some fun exercises to do. Have 50% theory and 50% practicals. Also design challenging quiz/exercises to do outside the training class as a homework to get them thinking on their own and discuss the approaches/solutions the next day morning. It would be fun to see how others approach the problem and also its a good learning experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding what has not worked, the trainees don't refer to the training material once you finished taking class on a topic. To make it more rigorous give them surprise tests and publish the results so that they are serious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-07-19T22:57:58.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1463" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-20T03:40:25.220" Score="3" ViewCount="4652" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Firefox 5 is installed not at the default location. So, I tried with the following to create a &lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private IWebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;[SetUp]&#xA;public void SetupTest()&#xA;{&#xA;    var ffBinary = new FirefoxBinary(@&quot;D:\Program Files (x86)\Firefox 4\firefox.exe&quot;);&#xA;    var firefoxProfile = new FirefoxProfile(@&quot;C:\Users\xyz\AppData\Roaming\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\2z4r45zq.default&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver(ffBinary, firefoxProfile);&#xA;}   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the &lt;code&gt;FirefoxBinary&lt;/code&gt; instantiation throws an exception, stating that:&#xA;&quot;&lt;em&gt;The system cannot find the file specified&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. But my firefox.exe is there. Also, I added it to my &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt;. I saw some suggestion to use &lt;em&gt;webdriver.firefox.bin&lt;/em&gt; in java environment. Is there any equivalent in .NET environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, I am using Win 7(64), Firefox 5, Selenium 2 .NET webdriver. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="966" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T13:10:14.067" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T13:10:14.067" Title="How to instantiate a .NET FirefoxDriver when FF is installed in non-default location?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1439" CreationDate="2011-07-20T07:49:09.733" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Why separating functional/non-functional aspects of a system is important for me as a tester&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I make such a distinction at the very beginning of a project (either during drafting the strategy or implementing it). It helps in making non-functional or 'implicit' (another word for overlooked, forgotten, or ignored completely) requirements sufficiently 'explicit' to everyone involved. This enables me to ascertain and communicate about where (and how much) we are focusing immediately and how we plan to cater to the critical non functional aspects of the system over a period of time (why I say over a period is in the elaboration of non-functional requirements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is certainly good; since as &amp;quot;headlights&amp;quot; of a project you want to illuminate everything that lies ahead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few examples/benefits of making such distinction and then including it in your plan could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a tester I do not write unit tests (written by devs as a part of&#xA;TDD) but since unit tests cater to non-functional requirements like&#xA;testability, maintainability or extensibility; I can always make it a&#xA;part of my strategy and point to the correct reference or to its lack&#xA;thereof.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similarly, I am not a security expert but  I might highlight security&#xA;or vulnerability as legitimate concerns and let experts handle that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Some elaboration on non-functional requirements&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non-functional requirements are largely cross cutting and implicit, and once we pay heed to them; it has to be a continuous effort through the project lifetime. Mike Cohn calls these&#xA;&amp;quot;constraints&amp;quot; and says these are similar to taxes which we have to pay in every agile sprint in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/non-functional-requirements-as-user-stories&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I largely derive the functional/non-functional distinction from Brian Marick's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.exampler.com/old-blog/2003/08/21/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing quadrants&lt;/a&gt; which has been elaborated in the book &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20110419112437/http://www.agiletester.ca/downloads/Chapter__9x_Quadrant_Summary_v3.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; by Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For me business facing tests are mostly functional and technology facing tests make up for the non-functional requirements.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2020-10-31T02:50:21.183" LastActivityDate="2020-10-31T02:50:21.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1461" CreationDate="2011-07-20T15:05:18.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I designed and developed training for MS for about 10 years. The most successful approach I found was to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perform a business needs analysis&lt;/strong&gt; - many businesses have required compentencies or skills for people in different job functions at different stages in their careers. Even smaller companies likely have a set of expectations, and expected level of proficiencies in job roles, or product/technology 'expertise.' Also, interview people already doing the job, and ask what they needed to know six months ago to be more effective/performant in their job. Also consider the future direction of the business (e.g. what skills/knowledge is required to grow the business).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perform a skills gap analysis&lt;/strong&gt; - Assess the current level of skills, compentencies, etc. What skills and how proficient are people with those skills today. What do they know about x. (For example, we were primarily targeting CS grads for tester roles, and we from interviews with new hires, college boards, etc that testing techniques and approaches are barely covered in most programs. We also learned that while most new testers knew the general concept of techniques such as equivalent partitioning of data, few were competent enough to decompose complex data sets into equivalent sub-sets for a given task.) (Another example might be internal tool training, or processes, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design targeted training sessions&lt;/strong&gt; - that addresses the skills/knowledge gap.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For teaching new concepts I would structure each lesson as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5-10 minute analogy introducing concept (ideally with something they can relate to)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5-10 minute demonstration of practice/skill&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;20 - 30 minute practical exercise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;15 - 20 minute discussion of lessons learned and new ideas (This is the part where student move from 'application' to 'analysis' in Bloom's taxonomy.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few additional thoughts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't spend a lot of time in the classroom on theory, provide additional material to explain theory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep lessons short, no more than 1 hour spent on a specific topic/concept&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Separate 'soft-skills' from more 'technical' skills&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make it hands-ons, many people learn a new skill by doing (anyone can read how to rebuild a carborator, but it is quite different to actually do it successfully)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Encourage collaboration/teamwork on finding solutions to problems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make training fun!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-07-20T15:05:18.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1364" CreationDate="2011-07-20T22:17:06.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you are using Selenium Remote Control. From memory, it seems that there was an issue with Safari but I can't find it now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the error message in the log it would appear that the connection has been closed before all the content was written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Invalid length: Content-Length=28561 written=22080&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means the client closed the connection. In general, it is bad practice to send more than 20,000 characters via a URL. Most browsers do not support this. As a test, you may want to try it again with fewer URL characters (under 20000). If that does not work then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, check browser security settings in Safari.&#xA;Second, check executable permissions for the Safari executable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="977" LastActivityDate="2011-07-20T22:17:06.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1467" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1468" CreationDate="2011-07-21T13:45:59.653" Score="8" ViewCount="1348" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have to deal at times with requests where a prospective customer is approaching us for some work and wants to know how we do testing. Generally what we hear is a high level statement (or one liner to be specific) such as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application x is being ported from platform x to y and we would like to know your test strategy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We are starting with mobile apps development and would like to know&#xA;how you can help us with quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't feel this much information is enough to get anywhere close to strategy or plan.&#xA;I generally tend to initiate a dialog with the prospect by preparing a list of questions depending on how much information I can gather from people around me (who are involved at this stage) and my own experiences. I try to understand the business case for such an effort, the technology stack, business domain and its complexity, test objectives, and few other things.&#xA;The answers to these questions raise more questions and it goes on like this for a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some of the more efficient ways to handle such situations? We have tried with limited success in the past to prepare a generic strategy that we can refer to at such times (explaining our processes and tools and keeping them independent of any business case), but I sincerely feel that every such request has its own context and the reply needs to keep that context in mind rather than falling back on one set of guidelines (even within the organization our strategy, tools, and to an extent processes differ depending on the type of project). The problem is that we have very limited information to start with and at times the prospect is not willing to wait for the information exchange cycle. Any ideas/suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T18:42:50.270" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T18:42:50.270" Title="How to define test strategy of a company (how testing is done at a specific company)?" Tags="&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1467" CreationDate="2011-07-21T14:10:50.850" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that your potential customers are not looking for a detailed 'test strategy' per se, what they likely are asking for is your company's capabilities and possibly capacity to scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, wrt to mobile app testing I would want to know if you are capable of running tests on emulators and devices, can you automate those tests on both emulators and devices (perf, stress, battery testing), what are the variety of devices you test on, how many different MO's around the world do you engage, do you have a faraday cage or how do you simulate low/no bandwidth, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, applications are different and product owner's have their own interpretation of quality. But, there are also some commonalities between some types of apps (e.g. games, utilities, word processors, etc). You might consider explaining at a high level your capabilities to test the type of app and general approaches used and then follow up with specific questions about the uniqueness of their application and their expectations of quality, and what they expect from the business engagement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-07-21T14:10:50.850" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1469" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-21T16:03:36.187" Score="7" ViewCount="8663" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What kind of things should be looked at after you have deployed a new system? So far I can think of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Things to check:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Check it deploys to right folder:  Open machine where build is being deployed too check it has gone to specified folder and if necessary check that the correct files have been overwritten.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;b) Check deploying correct SVN : Make sure that the latest svn revision is the correct one found on the deployed machine.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;c) Application (that it actually works)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;d) Check that the changes made are present and test for any bugs.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;e) Performance Issues (slow, crashes etc)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="ryan" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:38:25.487" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T06:38:25.487" Title="Deployment Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1469" CreationDate="2011-07-21T17:55:36.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that I may kind of understand the question, and, here goes my answer for what I believe that I understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Point C is probably the most important and essentially covers points a, b, and d.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To append,and add a point f, some form of vulnerability testing should be performed on the new environment.  All to often, moving machines, even if it's an upgrade, can open holes where information can pass through that you didn't mean to.  This also counts for application upgrades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To append to point C, yes, you should test that the application works.  Make sure to also check some sort of error logging on the machine that it's being deployed to to ensure that there are no new errors being created.  Ensure that other applications on the same machine still work as they previously did as well.  This is one that far too many people miss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are indeed moving machines, ensure that you have the same prerequisites ie: COM's, pre-req application versions, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a little bit more context into what type of deployment you are doing (migration, upgrade, etc), I'd be happy to elaborate a bit more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-07-21T17:55:36.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1469" CreationDate="2011-07-21T19:39:19.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We do something similar that we call Release Testing.&#xA;Basically, we perform just enough testing to confirm that the system has been deployed and configured correctly, that it contains the expected enhancements/fixes, and that it hasn't broken something else along the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we actually do during Release Testing varies from project to project, and release to release.  We always try to contain the time needed for a release, since it sometimes involves downtime for our customers, and often is performed off-hours (when nobody wants to waste time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, there's a conversion associated with a release - often this involves a significant amount of testing to ensure that the conversion behaved properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somethings, it's a simple release and might just involve a quick smoke test, followed by some targeted testing to ensure the desired few fixes were properly included in the release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2011-07-21T21:12:17.787" LastActivityDate="2011-07-21T21:12:17.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1469" CreationDate="2011-07-21T20:37:18.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After you deploy to the system, the first things I look for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deployment specific things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deployed the right files/folders&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the assemblies that should be signed, in fact, are signed correctly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assembly versions are correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GAC'd assemblies are GAC'd&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check desktop icons/start menu icons if necessary (assuming Windows)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check that services are installed/running (if there are any)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nav to any web services that are supposed to be installed/running&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correct registry entries are made&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On a test VM/Machine I scrub all event logs before I deploy and take a look at all of the event logs after deployment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check any app-specific logs for errors/warnings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify bug-fix (I'm assuming this is the scenario from your post)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify docs have correct steps for the deployment scenario (if it's a customer activity)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do a small sanity check that the app works, but I &lt;em&gt;don't&lt;/em&gt; check application performance at that stage. That's another scenario entirely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's all I can think of at the moment. Generally, I make a checklist &quot;big&quot; scenarios that have a lot of product dependant things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this is all verification. If I were to do some exploratory testing of the deployment/installation, it would be different. I'd be trying to bugger things up and break the deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="971" LastActivityDate="2011-07-21T20:37:18.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2011-07-22T00:41:11.637" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The combo of JUnit and Selenium would handle most if not all of your needs, especially if your app is browser based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="557" LastActivityDate="2011-07-22T00:41:11.637" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-07-22T00:41:11.637" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1475" CreationDate="2011-07-22T06:33:46.613" Score="7" ViewCount="61015" Body="&lt;p&gt;In QC, How to change status of all test cases(including all steps) together.&#xA;I need to make a large set of test cases &quot;pass&quot; in one go, hope there would be some query which can do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-07-22T18:14:28.470" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T14:14:03.983" Title="How to change status of all test cases in QC test lab" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2011-07-22T11:24:49.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe QC does not have any way to update test results of multiple test cases all at once. The fastest way to update multiple tests is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just update one test as passed (Make sure you are in grid view)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now click on that &quot;passed&quot; cell and it should get highlighted. Now just keep repeating the remaining steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;copy (cntr +c) duh&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;now hit down arrow to go to the next test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;paste&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can actually do this very fast once you start doing it. It is easy to update a 100 tests in 3-4 minutes.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Important:&lt;/strong&gt; Don't wait for QC to update the results in the UI. Just keep typing them on the keyboard and QC UI will keep loading. At intervals it will keep showing lots of tests being updated at once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="816" LastActivityDate="2011-07-22T11:24:49.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2011-07-22T13:23:11.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code reviews are clearly a kind of QA, virtually by definition.  However, often QA is compartmentalized separately from development, and uses bug tracking and test tracking software and methodologies to scope and assess their process.  The great thing about code review is that it happens in the development cycle, and typically, any bugs or other issues discovered are corrected as part of the development process, and not tracked as bugs or tested as fixed in the QA cycle.  This averts the overhead of problems propagating into the next phase of product development, which saves time and money and also improves quality (the latter because defects found during code review aren't necessarily found in testing).  The same philosophy of doing QA at all so that problems aren't found in the field, which is costly in terms of customer satisfaction, re-releasing of fixes, etc., can equally be applied to doing code reviews and fixing defects during development that otherwise would be found later in the overall product development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether or not to include QA people in a code review really depends on what is being reviewed.  Obviously if it's code being reviewed and they're not programmers, it probably wouldn't make much sense.  But are these unit tests, which might have some bearing on testing?  Or, it could be useful to have someone coming from a black box standpoint looking over the code. There is such a diversity of types of code and other non-code documents that can be reviewed, and diversity of development environments and products being developed, that there isn't one correct answer to this question.  It's best to just try new approaches and heuristically determine what works best for your development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1002" LastActivityDate="2011-07-22T13:23:11.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-22T13:34:39.487" Score="0" ViewCount="15107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in writing Python scripts and I need help on the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Threads::num,47141,47146,47151,47156,47161,47166,47171,47176&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get and display the last value '47176'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is the part of the code I have written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elif sys.argv[1] == &amp;quot;-c&amp;quot;:&#xA;    b = sys.argv[2]&#xA;    with open(b) as f:&#xA;        for line in f:&#xA;            if 'Threads::num' in line:&#xA;                print line.strip(',').split(',')[-1]&#xA;                print line&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output of this code is that it displays all the values as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Threads::num,47141,47146,47151,47156,47161,47166,47171,47176&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-sid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="768" LastEditorUserId="33067" LastEditDate="2021-02-07T12:12:25.657" LastActivityDate="2021-02-07T12:12:25.657" Title="How to get the last value in a list/string using Python" Tags="&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2012-07-09T19:09:12.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1477" CreationDate="2011-07-22T13:59:46.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;threads_string = &quot;Threads::num,47141,47146,47151,47156,47161,47166,47171,47176&quot;&#xA;split_threads_string = threads_string.split(',')&#xA;print split_threads_string[-1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-07-22T13:59:46.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2011-07-22T21:09:36.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the others that Quality Center is more suited to large  (stale?) corporations which are perceived to be agile averse. One fundamental floor with QC is the licencing and its commitment to bums on seats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could have a look at some of the open source test tools like Cucumber (Cuke4nuke) &amp;amp; FitNesse. If you're not tackling the UI stuff just yet, these might as well be considered further down the line, but bear them in mind as they promote good agile practices (Cucumber especially).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The selenium stuff is great, but as with all record/playback automation, make sure your UI is relatively stable otherwise you'll have a high maintenance overhead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are moving towards being more agile, defect tracking becomes less of an issue (excuse the pun) as bugs are often captured whilst the feature is being developed, not 6 months down the line. I don't see these as bugs, more work in progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently use Mingle (from Thoughtworks) for all our story planning &amp;amp; defect &quot;management&quot;, but that's largely because we had Thoughtworks consultants on the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;+1 for the JIRA vote, but also checkout Bugzilla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-07-22T21:09:36.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1480" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-22T21:14:11.417" Score="2" ViewCount="516" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a really lost about it. I can study how write and run unit test in Objective-C with XCode, but I don't see how useful it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In resume, you have to write a method that will be called first to init all thing, and other to finish all things. In the middle you write the test. But it is like to run a normal program. You have access only in what you can have access, like I can't call private function or I didn't see how to do things like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I enter function with &lt;code&gt;X&lt;/code&gt; it have to give-me &lt;code&gt;Y&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it is because I have to fallow the &quot;program rules&quot;. I can't see how test the interface things, (like the function one button will run when pressed). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I think about the unit test in Objective-C? What I can do and what I can't?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1005" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-05T14:45:54.183" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T14:45:54.183" Title="Philosophy to write Objective-C unit test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1467" CreationDate="2011-07-22T21:36:55.570" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you could with a course in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/info_rst.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rapid Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives you the tools to ask pertinent questions in order to evaluate a product and provide information to the customer regarding the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The slides are available on James Bach &amp;amp; Michael Bolton sites, but the greatest benefit comes from attending the course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you use a set of heuristics (guidelines) which guide your questioning in order to get the info you require.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mapping the answers on a mindmap then helps you to understand the bigger picture &amp;amp; relationships.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agree with you that a generic strategy probably isn't the most suitable due to the different contexts.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-07-22T21:36:55.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2011-07-22T21:43:57.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I dont really have time to form an opinion of my own, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2011/07/the-undefinition-of-done/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;but here's one from Michael Bolton&lt;/a&gt;, whose opinion I value &amp;amp; trust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may help you to make up your mind...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-07-22T21:43:57.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1399" CreationDate="2011-07-22T21:49:38.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think its for this exact reason that Cem Kaner came up with the term &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/a/testingRevolution.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Para-functional Testing&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some discussion on it &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/forum/topics/parafunctional-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/sitewide.asp?Function=edetail&amp;amp;ObjectType=ART&amp;amp;ObjectId=9854&amp;amp;tth=DYN&amp;amp;tt=siteemail&amp;amp;iDyn=2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.whatistesting.com/interviews/bmarick.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-07-22T21:49:38.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1484" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-24T06:40:40.950" Score="25" ViewCount="4717" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Short version: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When hiring experienced QA people, do you want someone who has good technical skills, or do you want someone who has good aptitude skills? My boss says that if the guy can't solve puzzles and aptitude questions, then he doesn't have the required thinking skills to justify the QA position. Is this true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Long Version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a junior recruiter in a software firm. Irrespective of the experience of the QA guy, my company follows a process with very heavy emphasis on aptitude skills. We usually give a lot of puzzles, reasoning questions and basic maths stuff to check their thinking skills. If a person doesn't perform well in this first &quot;aptitude&quot; round, he is usually sent back. Last sunday, my technical panel interviewed some of these &quot;average&quot; aptitude skills candidates and found their testing/QA skills to be top-notch. My question is simple : Should we make aptitude/problem solving/puzzles as the only criteria for hiring experienced QA people (anywhere between 1-6 years of experience)? or, should we give more weight to their technical skills?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1014" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:23:45.890" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T12:23:45.890" Title="Should we reject QA candidates based on basic reasoning and math tests?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2011-07-24T08:43:37.867" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We usually give a lot of puzzles, reasoning questions and basic maths stuff to check their thinking skills. If a person doesn't perform well in this first &quot;aptitude&quot; round, he is usually sent back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why even ask basic math and reasoning questions at all? Why not &lt;em&gt;start&lt;/em&gt; with tests that, although simple, at least mimic the actual, specific real world QA situations they will encounter on the job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, rather than a question like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If an object travels at five feet per second, how many feet does it travel in one hour?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How about one like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You are presented with a form that has two text boxes, one for first name, and one for last name. List ten things you would type in each of these text boxes to try to break the application, and explain why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="141" LastEditorUserId="141" LastEditDate="2011-07-24T10:48:01.043" LastActivityDate="2011-07-24T10:48:01.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2011-07-24T10:16:06.957" Score="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing aptitude is a tricky thing, because testers do different kinds of things that all have their own kind of aptitude. There's a big difference between being a world-class tester and a key member of a world-class testing organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, I am considered by many who don't know me (but have heard of me) to be a great tester. And it's true that 1) I hope that I am, 2) I've worked hard to be great, 3) many people who HAVE seen my work would testify to my competence. But even so, there are some important aspects of testing that I'm not very good at. For instance, most of my admirers would admit that my diplomacy skills are not great, nor do I have much patience for managers who don't know shit about testing, and yet presume to tell testers how they should do their jobs. (They make me... sooo... angry....) Um, anyway, I'm at my best when I'm working with people whom I can vent to and who will forgive me for my venting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One charming, docile, patient, stable person + me = a much better test team than me alone. So, we should not be too excited about any narrow idea of allowing only great puzzle solvers into our teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I would suggest that these are some interesting aptitudes of a tactical software tester (meaning someone whose main job is designing and performing tests):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for gently, cheerfully, and insistently getting information out of people through interviews, observation, mind-melds, truth serums, or whatever means necessary. The ability to ask questions in a way that makes people want to answer. I evaluate this by posing testing questions that are insufficiently specified, and observing the questions that are asked.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for thinking laterally. Technically, I mean a talent for (and patience for) producing and using multiple alternative mental models to interpret and cope with technical situations that occur. This aptitude often shows itself by another name: a sense of humor. I evaluate this by posing realistic puzzles about the behavior of a product or the state of a spec, and observing how the tester entertains different possibilities during the course of analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for thinking logically. This means reasoning from within the constraints of a particular model. To evaluate this, I give testers a problem in test framing. I get them to describe a test, and then I walk them forward and backward through the test, asking them to explain exactly why they did what they did, and what the implications would be of doing it differently.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for loving puzzles. Notice I did not say a talent for solving puzzles. This is because many puzzles we must cope with are too difficult to solve. And yet we must try, anyway. Testers who don't have the patience and courage to throw themselves at puzzles are doomed to miss a great many bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for rapid learning. Great testing can be described as rapid learning. Some obscure technology is thrown in your direction, and you have to jump on it like a hungry piranha. You must be excited about learning new things. To evaluate this, I look for evidence that the tester has taught himself something complicated and interesting. However, I would prefer to observe this directly by giving the tester a few hours to test a website I specify.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for story-telling. The credibility of a tester comes, often, through their ability to explain things that happened. To evaluate this, of course I interview. But I'm looking for someone who is able to tell compelling technical anecdotes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for identifying and using tools. This does not mean programming, but programming skill certainly speaks to this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for writing. This is hard for a lot of testers, since a lot of testers are writing in English, and English is not their first language. Furthermore, testers who got into testing via the computer science route tend to hate writing. This is partly why I'm suspicious of companies that are gleefully technocratic, such as Microsoft and Google.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A talent for service. Testing is a support activity. A tester who loves to help others do better work (as opposed to attacking people for making mistakes) will be treasured by the programmers. Personally, I'm pretty good at this. I give developers who work with me a 13 point document outlining my unilateral commitment to their success.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't need to see all these aptitudes to be excited about a tester. But I need to see at least a few. Out of all of them, I think rapid learning is the most important... Though perhaps that's my bias, considering I'm a high school dropout who wrote a book about education. Self-education seems, to me, like a key that unlocks many doors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- james&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="593" LastActivityDate="2011-07-24T10:16:06.957" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2011-07-24T18:17:55.003" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Word puzzles and math problems may seem to be convenient proxies for assessing testing talent.  Indeed, one may argue that universities use word puzzles and math problems to assess technical ability.  For a recent graduate, or for someone who is good at solving word puzzles and math problems, it may seem natural to expect QA candidates to also have the same talent.  Moreover, it is easy to find lists of these kinds of questions and it is easy to decide whether the answers are right or wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, software testers are not paid to solve word puzzles or math problems.  The abilities these questions appear to measure help with only a small part of a tester's job.  A tester must be organized, detail-oriented, amenable to tedium, good at communicating, thorough, respecting of their co-workers, and tolerant of pressure.  A tester who is good at word puzzles and math problems but deficient at these other skills will be a bad tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interviewing is hard work.  It requires deliberate questioning and careful listening.  An interviewer who relies solely on word puzzles and math problems is doing a disservice to the employer and to the candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-24T18:17:55.003" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1488" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1524" CreationDate="2011-07-25T02:52:17.027" Score="7" ViewCount="460" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across the &lt;a href=&quot;http://ApprovalTests.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ApprovalTests.com&lt;/a&gt; framework today and am curious how it would be classified. I am familiar with concepts of Unit Tests, functional tests, and user acceptance testing, but this seems to be a different kind of testing as it is based on matching test outputs against pre-approved outputs that have been verified or generated by a human. I want to call it verification or validation testing or maybe automated User Acceptance Testing, but I am curious if there is an official term for a framework that uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://approvaltests.sourceforge.net/video/approving_strings.swf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;previously approved output values&lt;/a&gt; instead of just assertions on primitive types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also are there any other frameworks that use a similar approach? It appears that ApprovalTests has integrated well with Eclipse/Visual Studio, data serializers/viewers, and various Diff tools, but I would be interested in seeing if and how anyone else has done this type of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="800" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T19:27:36.720" Title="What kind of testing is ApprovalTests.com doing and are there other similar frameworks?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1450" CreationDate="2011-07-25T09:44:50.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some useful posts from Stack Overflow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1845640/please-compare-qtp-riatest-selenium-for-flex-application-automation-testing&quot;&gt;please compare QTP, RIATest , Selenium for Flex Application Automation Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72462/automated-testing-of-flex-based-applications&quot;&gt;Automated testing of FLEX based applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3930678/flex-ui-testing-automation&quot;&gt;Flex UI testing automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2042150/flex-automated-acceptance-testing-tools&quot;&gt;Flex automated acceptance testing tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adobe Developer Connection also contains some tutorials on Flex testing tools. See for example this page: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flex/testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test and deploy Flex applications&lt;/a&gt; There are tutorials on RIATest and FlexMonkey linked from that page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1017" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2011-07-25T09:44:50.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2011-07-25T10:46:48.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the puzzles and math problems reflect the actual product, then I'd agree they are valid interview tools to assess whether a candidate can handle the job.  If these are due to a bias of education and culture on the part of those in charge, then they are not really necessary and maybe a hinderance.  Or is this a tool that was just chosen because someone thinks that these questions can give an indication of test ability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen companies where many of the senior management were from specific types of schools, anyone not from such schools were usually expected to perform over a bias before consideration was given.  In many cases it depends on what the reliance on puzzles and math questions are for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-07-25T10:46:48.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1477" CreationDate="2011-07-25T14:47:20.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;import sys&#xA;&#xA;if sys.argv[1] == '-c':&#xA;    b = sys.argv[2]&#xA;&#xA;with open(b) as f:&#xA;    for line in f:&#xA;        if line.startswith('Threads::num'):&#xA;            print line.split(',')[-1].strip()&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I would suggest using optparse instead of sys.argv&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-07-25T14:47:20.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1480" CreationDate="2011-07-25T15:34:22.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rodrigo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you may have a bit of confusion about unit tests and functional tests. Here's a short definition to work with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit test - exercises a single unit of application code. Does not invoke or use the application interface. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;functional test - exercises a function such as &quot;Save&quot;, usually via the interface. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unit test is there to check that when you call application code that processes data, it gives you the right answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, say you have a routine that determines whether or not someone is entitled to a senior discount, given their date of birth. Your unit test would simply call that routine, and capture the output, and probably look something like this (pseudo-code)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test CheckAge&#xA;    Result = IsSenior(DateOfBirth)&#xA;    If Result == ExpectedResult then PASS else FAIL&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somewhere your test would define expected correct and incorrect answers, and possibly create mock objects to mimic whatever framework your application is expecting to be available. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the quick and dirty explanation, which works for any language and framework. I expect others here will have much more information to offer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-05T14:45:36.557" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T14:45:36.557" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2011-07-25T19:56:45.093" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My boss says that if the guy can't solve puzzles and aptitude&#xA;  questions, then he doesn't have the required thinking skills to&#xA;  justify the QA position. Is this true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be true, but how does your boss know? Has he hired both good and poor puzzlers and found that their QA abilities within your shop track well with their puzzler abilities? Or is it just folklore?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know terrific QAers who hate puzzles. And I know terrific puzzlers who are obviously unqualified to be QAers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe critical thinking skills are essential for a good QAer. I'm just not sure they are measured well by a candidate's ability or desire to solve puzzles.  When I see reliance on puzzle questions during the interview process, I have to question the interviewer's interviewing skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also want to have a look at this Blog about &lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/best-and-worst-technical-interview.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;best and worst technical interviews&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T14:09:00.850" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T14:09:00.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2011-07-25T23:43:13.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think people should be hired so their skills match the actually position and daily tasks as closely as possible. If the role could use someone with the drive and problem solving skills to solve &quot;puzzle-like&quot; tasks, then it's probably a good requirement. If the role requires hard testing experience and technical abilities, then perhaps posing questions about knights and knaves wouldn't be too helpful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was hired for my current role as an automated tester, my interview had a written test with two components: a programming component and a testing/QA component. The programming component was pretty basic. Write a function to add some numbers, write a recursive function to computer a factorial, and analyze some Java-like code. The QA component was writing a bug report, write a test plan for testing a dialog box, and find and describe bugs in a buggy program. These are tasks that I more or less do every day (including recursion, it comes up plenty in the GUI testing I do). I did well on the test, I got the job, and it turns out I'm pretty good at it. I have a Master's in applied math, and those specific math skills I gained wouldn't really help me in this role. Even if I aced a puzzle question, it might not have indicated I'd be good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also keep in mind that posing &quot;test-like&quot; questions might be stressful for some candidates. Some people who appear quite inept with a written, timed test would appear nothing but in a more open-ended discussion, or vice versa. Placing too much emphasis on test results might unfairly rule out some good candidates from the role (which is a bit ironic I suppose). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2011-07-25T23:43:13.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1496" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2156" CreationDate="2011-07-26T12:14:32.550" Score="13" ViewCount="3738" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to refactor my Selenium tests, and come across their &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/LoadableComponent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LoadableComponent wiki page&lt;/a&gt;. I began trying to use it, though I couldn't really understand what is it good for. I took a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/webdriver/trunk/support/src/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/LoadableComponent.java?spec=svn6070&amp;amp;r=6070&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;their current implementation&lt;/a&gt; (as for 2011-07-26), and am now even more confused. The code is basically using error handling to control the execution flow. Something that comes to me very weird:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;@SuppressWarnings(&quot;unchecked&quot;)&#xA;public T get() {&#xA;  try {&#xA;    isLoaded();&#xA;    return (T) this;&#xA;  } catch (Error e) {&#xA;    load();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  isLoaded();&#xA;&#xA;  return (T) this;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, against the design principle &quot;use exceptions only for exceptional use&quot;, here, the exception is the rule, and &lt;code&gt;isLoaded&lt;/code&gt; is expected to throw an exception at least the first time the method is invoked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, this &lt;code&gt;LoadableComponent&lt;/code&gt; is an abstract class, meaning that I cannot have a child component inheriting from a parent component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This all seems wrong to me. I'd just implement a &lt;code&gt;get()&lt;/code&gt; method per page object that would load the page if needed based on the status of the Selenium driver, no need to capture exceptions. Am I getting all this wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1022" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T20:55:32.200" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T20:55:32.200" Title="Is Selenium's LoadableComponent a good solution as test design pattern?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1497" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-26T12:37:46.900" Score="7" ViewCount="1602" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to refactor my Selenium tests, and was wondering what the best design solution would be for a portal with a hierarchical page organization. We are using &lt;a href=&quot;http://tiles.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tiles&lt;/a&gt;, and we have defined a baselayout from which many pages inherit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the following simplified example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;baselayout&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;start&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;about&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be better, an inherited based design:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/** Implements methods that access the top-level menu. */&#xA;Class BaseLayout {...}&#xA;&#xA;/** Implements methods that access elements of the &quot;Start&quot; page */&#xA;Class StartPage extends Base Layout {...}&#xA;&#xA;/** Implements methods that access elements of the &quot;About&quot; page */&#xA;Class AboutPage extends Base Layout {...}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or an aggregation based design?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/** Implements methods that access the top-level menu. */&#xA;Class BaseLayout {...}&#xA;&#xA;/** Implements methods that access elements of the &quot;Start&quot; page */&#xA;Class StartPage {&#xA;    BaseLayout parent;&#xA;    // ...&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;/** Implements methods that access elements of the &quot;About&quot; page */&#xA;Class AboutPage {&#xA;    BaseLayout parent;&#xA;    // ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question arose when I came across the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/LoadableComponent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LoadableComponent design pattern&lt;/a&gt;, as Selenium already provides an abstract class for such components, thus making the first inheritance-based solution unfeasible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1022" LastEditorUserId="27122" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T20:55:35.323" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T20:55:35.323" Title="PageObjects: Aggregation/Composition vs Inheritance for nested components" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1498" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-26T14:48:52.153" Score="8" ViewCount="13150" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm rewriting some Selenium tests according to the page object design pattern taking advantage of &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageFactory#Making_the_Example_Work_Using_Annotations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Seleniums' annotations&lt;/a&gt;. My problem is that I have some html &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; elements whose &lt;code&gt;option&lt;/code&gt; elements are loaded dynamically. These are not available at the same time the &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt;s are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original code looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void fillinForm() {&#xA;    // Fill-in some fields ...&#xA;&#xA;    // Select dynamic loaded option&#xA;    String optionXpath = &quot;//*[@id='field']/option[text()='Software engineering']&quot;;&#xA;    waitForElement(driver, By.xpath(optionXpath), SHORT_TIMEOUT_S);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(optionXpath)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    // Fill-in more fields, etc ...&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// Selenium wait&#xA;public static void waitForElement(WebDriver driver, By by, int timeout) {&#xA;    // implementation&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The new code turns into something like:    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setUp() {&#xA;    page = PageFactory.initElements(driver, Page.class);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void fillinForm() {&#xA;    page.setField(&quot;Software engineering&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class Page {&#xA;    private webElement field;&#xA;&#xA;    public Page setField(String byText) {&#xA;        field.click();&#xA;        String optionXpath = String.format(&quot;./option[text()='%s']&quot;, byText);&#xA;        field.findElement(By.xpath(optionXpath)).click();&#xA;        return this;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to implement the wait in the new code, I have to use an xpath for the &lt;code&gt;option&lt;/code&gt; that includes the xpath for the &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt;, thus losing the advantage of using annotations to simplify the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void fillinForm() {&#xA;    page.setField(&quot;Software engineering&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class Page {&#xA;    private webElement field;&#xA;&#xA;    public Page setField(String byText) {&#xA;        field.click();&#xA;        // Note that I'm now explicitly writing &quot;field&quot;, exactly what I wanted&#xA;        // to save using annotations and the PageFactory&#xA;        String optionXpath = String.format(&quot;//select[@id='%s']/option[text()='%s']&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;field&quot;, byText);&#xA;        field.findElement(By.xpath(optionXpath)).click();&#xA;        return this;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any annotation I can use to wait until the options are loaded, or am I using this wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1022" LastEditorUserId="1022" LastEditDate="2011-11-28T13:49:41.453" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T13:49:41.453" Title="How to use Selenium's PageFactory annotations with dynamic loaded elements?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1497" CreationDate="2011-07-26T15:13:36.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the inherited based design. It worked great until the application I'm testing was also made available in another, more limited customer-facing UI. So now I have two applications which consist of the same components surrounded by different menus. That's a situation where the inherited design breaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An aggregation-based design combined with some IOC container could be a lot more flexible, I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="404" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:45:43.443" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:45:43.443" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2011-07-27T00:34:41.227" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find the Page Object pattern very useful, and use a modified PageFactory (parameterized for custom timeouts).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also use WidgetObjects (basically, PageObjects with a parent reference via constructor) to represent common themes across pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I don't think URL association is necessary on all pages, so I keep it out of my base class.  URL params?  I keep my PageObjects user-centric; if the user doesn't need to know, the PageObject doesn't either.  Object state is a product of sequential executions and constructions, only.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;format(:Date)&lt;/code&gt; : String&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;select(:WebElement, :String)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;selectMany(:WebElement, :int)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;selectRadio(:WebElement, ...)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;....&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I also have many Predicates, Functions, and ExpectedConditions defined in a singleton utility class, which are used with FluentWait to implement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;waitToBeAt(path:String, timeout:int)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;varEquals(var:String, value:String, timeout:int)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;switchToWindow(path:String, value:String, timeout:int)&lt;/code&gt; : WebDriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;windowIsClosed(winTitle:String, timeout:int)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;elementLocated(:By, timeout:int)&lt;/code&gt; : WebElement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;....&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I also keep JavaScript snippets in discrete files and at startup, read them into a Map, indexed by the filename.  This is infinitely more maintainable than writing escaped source within source.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I usually use my custom PageFactory to initialize, or for complex objects I call the constructor and pass the instance to PageFactory for static element initialization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My PageObjects always know how to navigate to the next page, and have methods returning those PageObjects.  I use chaining (&lt;code&gt;return this;&lt;/code&gt;) wherever possible because it makes the test code extremely fluent, which is my &lt;strong&gt;favorite&lt;/strong&gt; part about using this pattern:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * Test Utility.  Create an Assembly.&#xA; * @return A reference to the viewport of the created Assembly.&#xA; */&#xA;public ViewAssemblyPage createAssembly(String title, String type, &#xA;        String description, Date dueDate, int numParts) {&#xA;&#xA;    AssemblyPage assy = login(&quot;JoeCoder&quot;, &quot;foopass&quot;)&#xA;        .createRecord()&#xA;        .assembly(type)&#xA;        .formInput(title, description, dueDate);&#xA;&#xA;    return assy.getTable()&#xA;        .openPartsPicker()&#xA;        .findParts(type)&#xA;        .selectSomeParts(numParts)&#xA;        .submitSelection();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1027" LastEditorUserId="1027" LastEditDate="2012-09-11T05:00:14.880" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T05:00:14.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1501" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-27T06:46:54.090" Score="4" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a pain point at the moment - we are trying to implement 1 print stylesheet across many different templates/styles of websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that they seem to be like a waterbed - you push down in one place, another area bulges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We cant seem to get any consistency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is magnified by the fact we are testing across multiple browser/OS combinations. Also, print preview doesn't always reflect what the printout will look like!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're using PDF Creator to save on paper, other than that its a real manual, laborious process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anybody got any tips tools they've used or could recommend please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duncan &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-07-28T08:57:45.707" Title="Print Stylesheets - how do you effectively test them?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1502" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-27T07:53:58.353" Score="3" ViewCount="357" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is involved with performing performance testing and now they want to perform couple of training related with executing those tests on the servers based on Unix systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We will test aplications that are set on the unix server so this training should provide for us information that will be useful for carry on those tests, how to set up monitoring (sar, vmstat...) how to grather data, how to get remote access and so on.&#xA;(This training should not have information about performance testing itself - what kind of test, for what is this test etc. only information about carry on those test on Unix servers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to provide them draft of the content for those trainings. In my opinion those trainings should cover:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Set up monitoring on the unix servers for main resources:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;CPU Utilization&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Interrupts&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Context Switching&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Memory&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Paging&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Swapping&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Disk I/O&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Network I/O&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Collecting the Data&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Remote access to Unix server (put/get data, which application use and so one...)&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything else what we can add to this training that will be useful for us?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1029" LastActivityDate="2011-08-27T09:35:29.020" Title="Unix Performance testing - training content" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1498" CreationDate="2011-07-27T17:02:54.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;After spending some more time with &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/WebDriverWait.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/a&gt;, I came out with something nicer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Client code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/** Page Object. */&#xA;public class Page {&#xA;    private WebElement mySelect;&#xA;&#xA;    public Page setMySelect(String optionText) {&#xA;        String optXpath = String.format(&quot;./option[text()='%s']&quot;, optionText);&#xA;        mySelect.click();&#xA;        waitForOption(driver,mySelect, By.xpath(optXpath), 10)&#xA;            .click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Utility library:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Util {&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Waits until the option targeted by &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;byOption&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt; is available.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param select parent element of the option to wait for&#xA;     * @param byOption selector (relative to the &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;select&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;). It will be&#xA;     *             searched calling &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;select.findElement(byOption)&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;&#xA;     * @return option element&#xA;     */&#xA;    public static WebElement waitForOption(&#xA;            WebDriver driver, WebElement select, By byOption, int seconds) {&#xA;        Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, seconds);&#xA;        return wait.until(new OptionAvailable(select, byOption));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static class OptionAvailable&#xA;            implements ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; {&#xA;        private WebElement select;&#xA;        private By byOption;&#xA;&#xA;        public OptionAvailable(WebElement select, By byOption) {&#xA;            this.select = select;&#xA;            this.byOption = byOption;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public WebElement apply(WebDriver input) {&#xA;            return select.findElement(byOption);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that with this approach (a &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt; for the option), we can support the option as text or as value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1022" LastActivityDate="2011-07-27T17:02:54.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1501" CreationDate="2011-07-27T22:18:49.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately this is a known area of testing pain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At some line you need to &quot;draw the line in the sand&quot; to decide how far you will test. You have to decide if you are going to stop at the browser / operating system or printer (as there will be variation printer to printer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately it depends on how close your print outputs need to be. On one project that I worked on the reports were legal documents, and if the font was 10 point Arial instead of 12 point veranda then potentially the document would not be submitable as evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that there are a number of techniques you could potentially try ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Print them all and look at the printouts on a single printer ... this is what I have done in the past, but it is not particularly environmentally friendly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Print them all to a single, &quot;virtual printer&quot; and then do image comparison on the resultant PDF. (which you are currently doing.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Print them all to a single, &quot;virtual printer&quot; and then do image comparison on the resultant PDF. You could use some of the image verification code in &lt;a href=&quot;http://testapi.codeplex.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testapi&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;to do this for you automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use a combinatorial technique like all-pairs to reduce the number of combinations that you are trying. you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;James Bach's all-pairs&lt;/a&gt;,  &lt;a href=&quot;http://testapi.codeplex.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testapi&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hexawise.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hexawise&lt;/a&gt; for this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-07-28T08:57:45.707" LastActivityDate="2011-07-28T08:57:45.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1502" CreationDate="2011-07-28T08:42:49.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about making sure everyone understands the impact of each item, for example how would it affect performance if there are &quot;too many&quot; interrupts, and how many is too many?, I know swapping is bad, but how much swapping is bad? maybe set up some marks at company level or ranges would help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1037" LastActivityDate="2011-07-28T08:42:49.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1522" CreationDate="2011-07-28T09:40:00.040" Score="-1" ViewCount="1274" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please suggest me, how to open the SSL urls using selenium-rc?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I face trouble while opening any https website through selenium RC in IE and FF browser both, as they prompt for accept the SSL certificate first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="834" LastEditorUserId="834" LastEditDate="2011-07-31T13:21:43.413" LastActivityDate="2011-07-31T13:21:43.413" Title="Open SSL / Https url using selenium-rc" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1520" CreationDate="2011-07-28T10:39:14.610" Score="10" ViewCount="47836" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking at setting up some website load testing scripts and need some help in finding a formula to estimate how many concurrent users are browsing a website at peak times, based on common metrics such as visits, average page views per visit, and average visit duration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Peak visitors per hour: 1,000&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Average page views per visitor: 3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Average time per visit: 5 minutes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I be considering at any other stats? Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1038" LastActivityDate="2011-07-29T12:39:40.280" Title="Calculate peak concurrent users on a website" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1510" CreationDate="2011-07-28T14:41:18.997" Score="5" ViewCount="336" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to software testing. During the last few months, I was studying software testing terms/terminologies and how to create test cases from requirements etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It started to get boring and I think it's about time for me to get my hand dirty with tools!&#xA;I heard about Selenium, QTP, DevTest, HP Mercury, Loadrunner etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which tool should I start with?  Which ones are preferred by employers as I'm currently looking for a junior software testing job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(FYI, I have some general programming language knowledge, I don't know if this help)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="595" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T07:25:03.003" Title="Which tools should I start with?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2011-07-28T14:54:32.030" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only tool you have listed which is free is Selenium.  So I'd suggest you start there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't believe it's as important to pick the one, specific tool that is hot in the market right now.  It's better to understand how test automation tools work in general, what tradeoffs must be made, etc.  That way, then knowledge is quickly transferable to other tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, Selenium &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; pretty popular with lots of employers these days.  You can see that in the volume of Selenium questions and answers here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-07-28T14:54:32.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2011-07-28T15:10:10.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to the testing profession, Mr. Y.  I agree with Joe Strazzere regarding Selenium.  In addition, you would be wise to practice writing test plans.   If you want to build a house, it is not enough to be able to swing a hammer; you must also have blueprints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-28T15:10:10.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2011-07-28T15:22:37.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I concur with Joe, Selenium is good as a start, or you can pick any open source testing tool - many come in and out of fashion.  What you should look at it learning how to apply the tool and integrate it into testing, so at some point focus on automated testing and maybe some programming - especially if you look at Selenium, it's real power comes not from the record and playback but being able to code Selenium in other frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/&lt;/a&gt; for other tools and frameworks that are used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-07-28T15:22:37.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2011-07-28T16:18:41.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;for Java: Maven + Surefire, TestNG, for UI testing add Selenium 2 with WebDriver API, JMeter (horrible thing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="176" LastActivityDate="2011-07-28T16:18:41.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1514" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1515" CreationDate="2011-07-28T18:38:54.310" Score="6" ViewCount="5941" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Selenium IDE, I need to call the command &lt;code&gt;assertValue&lt;/code&gt; of an input field on data coming from a table &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; (which only allows &lt;code&gt;storeText&lt;/code&gt;, not &lt;code&gt;storeValue&lt;/code&gt;) from a different page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now the data is being stored correctly, but I think the &lt;code&gt;assertValue&lt;/code&gt; command requires a value variable, not a text variable. I found out from past situations that these are different things to the IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I tried the following, but it didn't work:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Store text variable from table &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: storeText&#xA;Target: //table[@id='AddressList_List_ListGrid']/tbody/tr[2]/td[5]&#xA;Value: var_source_client_billing_address_city&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Store text variable into value variable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: storeValue&#xA;Target: ${var_source_client_billing_address_city)&#xA;Value: var_source_client_billing_address_city_value&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Crashes on command above, so I can't even use the value variable to assert the value&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assert value variable in text input field:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: assertValue&#xA;Target: id=AddressEditor_TxtCity&#xA;Value: ${var_source_client_billing_address_city_value}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This also did not work:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Store text variable from table &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: storeText&#xA;Target: //table[@id='AddressList_List_ListGrid']/tbody/tr[2]/td[5]&#xA;Value: var_source_client_billing_address_city&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assert value variable in text input field:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: assertValue&#xA;Target: id=AddressEditor_TxtCity&#xA;Value: ${var_source_client_billing_address_city}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="3046" LastEditDate="2012-12-10T15:48:15.907" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T15:48:15.907" Title="Need to assertValue of text input field based on data coming from a table td inner HTML (using storeText to store variable) in Selenium IDE script" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1514" CreationDate="2011-07-29T04:20:57.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got the first set to work, but for comparing the text variable (created with &lt;code&gt;storeText&lt;/code&gt;) and the value variable (created with &lt;code&gt;storeValue&lt;/code&gt;), I just used &lt;code&gt;assertExpression&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Store text variable from table td tag inner HTML&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: storeText&#xA;Target: //table[@id='AddressList_List_ListGrid']/tbody/tr[2]/td[5]&#xA;Value: var_source_client_billing_address_city&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Store text variable into value variable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: storeValue&#xA;Target: ${var_source_client_billing_address_city)&#xA;Value: var_source_client_billing_address_city_value&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assert value variable in text input field to text value from td inner HTML&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: assertExpression&#xA;Target: ${var_source_client_billing_address_city}&#xA;Value: ${var_source_client_billing_address_city_value}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="3046" LastEditDate="2012-12-10T15:48:00.587" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T15:48:00.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1516" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-07-29T06:10:39.400" Score="4" ViewCount="1309" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any other tools that can cooperate with JMeter tool? For example I record script and then export it to JMeter. I know that I can export jmx file to JMeter using BadBoy aplication but is there anything else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1029" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-02-10T16:40:18.087" LastActivityDate="2012-07-21T09:43:35.320" Title="Applications that export JMeter-compatible JMX files?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2011-07-29T06:26:11.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think JMeter is good for start (I have started from this tool) and another think if you do not want to get bored during learning (reading boring manual and so on) try for example write script for one of many browser game, this script should login to this game and try to play instead of you (building new buildings and so on) It is fun and you will learn how to use this tool very fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1029" LastActivityDate="2011-07-29T06:26:11.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1508" CreationDate="2011-07-29T06:59:55.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this formula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Users spending on the page about 15 min, and the site is generally accessed between 9AM EST and 6PM PST (15 hours). You can calculated concurrent users with the following formula.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(total monthly users)/(30 days a month * 15 hours a day * 4 {note, 60min/15min per user} = daily average concurrent user load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;250 visits per 1 day&lt;br&gt;&#xA;users spend about 15 min on the page&lt;br&gt;&#xA;site is accesed mostly about 8 hour a day &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(total daily users)/(1 day  *  8 hour a day * 4 {note, 60min/15min per user} &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;250/(1*8*4) = 7.8 concurrent user (we can assume 8 concurrent users)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if those 8 users will be login every 15 minutes it will give you about 250 users/visits for a day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1029" LastEditorUserId="1029" LastEditDate="2011-07-29T07:04:59.850" LastActivityDate="2011-07-29T07:04:59.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2011-07-29T10:16:25.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Select all the tests in Grid view and Click RUN.  or Select Test Set(LH side block) and Click Run Test Set (RH side block).&#xA;Once after manual run window (new pop up like window opens)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Press &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;R&lt;/kbd&gt; then&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;A&lt;/kbd&gt; and&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;Q&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will Pass all test steps of one test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One by one all test cases will open in the similar fashion and repeat the above 3 steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I found this is the easiest way in QC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can code a small snippet in C or C++ to press the shortcut keys, you are done with all test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-03-09T16:38:47.563" LastActivityDate="2015-03-09T16:38:47.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1508" CreationDate="2011-07-29T10:20:26.343" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have an average visit length of 5 minutes, a single user could create 60 min / 5 min = 12 visits per hour. To get to the target number of 1000 visits/visitors per hour, you need 1000 visits / 12 visits per user = 84 concurrent user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In total you will have 1000 visits and 3000 page views.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as a side note: 5 min visit length and only 3 page views seems to be a little... small. This means, the user has a think time of about 100 seconds. Quite some time. What kind of site is that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastEditorUserId="769" LastEditDate="2011-07-29T12:39:40.280" LastActivityDate="2011-07-29T12:39:40.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1430" CreationDate="2011-07-29T10:36:17.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Watir drives a real browser, so it should work. We tried that but at the end settled for our own tool that drives either Firefox or other browser (using WebDriver). Additionally you can pick anything from &quot;no code at all&quot; to &quot;full Java (optionally JRuby) code&quot;. The link to the tool is in my profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is most challenging and this is not related to the tool, you have to wait for certain states to happen, before you can continue. The asynchronous stuff forces you to do so. &#xA;So despite the tool, you have to &quot;code&quot; or train your tool to do that. That is error-prone and it takes a while to master it, but you can get it to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We found it very difficult to deal with GWT/GXT due to the dynamic IDs and the lack of semantics in the html code (aka class-attributes). A good automation here requires help from the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastActivityDate="2011-07-29T10:36:17.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1507" CreationDate="2011-07-29T13:19:09.233" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suspect your browser asks you to accept xyz.com's certificate because the certificate is self-signed.  There are ways to work around the problem, but they are browser-specific, and you did not mention which browser you used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some options for Firefox include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuring the browser to accept all certificates.  I do not recommend doing this unless your computer is only used for testing and is insulated from other machines in your network.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating a custom profile for Firefox and instructing Selenium to launch Firefox with that profile.  A Google search will reveal many web pages about this approach, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jktechtrip.wordpress.com/2011/04/14/selenium-and-self-signed-ssl-certificates-in-firefox-java-linux/&quot;&gt;http://jktechtrip.wordpress.com/2011/04/14/selenium-and-self-signed-ssl-certificates-in-firefox-java-linux/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-07-29T13:19:09.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="126" CreationDate="2011-07-29T19:59:20.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to suggest &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testlodge.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLodge - Test Case Management Tool&lt;/a&gt;. This is a tool that I have and continue to develop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can handle your requirements in the following ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;recording of test cases - All test cases are grouped into test suites as a way of keeping them organized. This is what you would create your test runs from.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;historical analysis of trends - All activity to recorded to an audits table and this data is then displayed via a range of graphs and an activity dashboard for each project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to &quot;feed&quot; test result - This isn't something that we currently support, but it is on our list of things to investigate once all the more popular feature requests are complete.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to open tasks in an issue tracker - We integrate with 4 issue trackers and offer the ability to automatically submit tickets when you mark a test as failed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the price, there is a free plan, but this is a commercial tool and paid plans start from a low monthly fee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1047" LastActivityDate="2011-07-29T19:59:20.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1488" CreationDate="2011-07-31T15:22:45.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a concept called the 'Golden Master' testing which is what approval tests uses, and tries to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason that the concept is orthogonal to Unit Tests, functional tests, and user acceptance&#xA;is that all of these are still doing verification by asserting against primitive values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All tests have 2 parts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) verify&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real difference between those tests is the scope of the 'do' part. Unit tests are small, usually 1 or 2 methods. Functional tests run end to end, usually through a dependency border (server, database, etc...) and user tests always go through the 'front door' of a GUI (or the like) to do things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approval tests are all about the 'Verify' side of things. As such can be used for all 3 types of testing, and more (like system characterization testing). Approvals allow for you to easily verify at bigger levels, but that does not mean that scope is not important, it just means that you can now choose without the paying a higher cost in verification if the scope is bigger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1051" LastActivityDate="2011-07-31T15:22:45.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="996" CreationDate="2011-07-31T15:57:20.423" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You NEED a test to show that the refactoring didn't break anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a big fan of the A B theory based test that @Squirrel described.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also a big fan of characterization tests from &lt;em&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/em&gt; by Michael Feathers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, this is the technique I use in 90% of my work with legacy code (it's a variation of characterization tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce to functional,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;capture the result with an approval test ( www.approvaltests.com ).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Step 1&lt;/em&gt;: &#xA;  Imagine you were refactoring a bunch of functional code. This means; All used parameters are passed in, no side effects, always deterministic (pure); all useful results are returned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example, you have a method &lt;code&gt;string Foo(int a, boolean b)&lt;/code&gt;;&#xA;this would be easy to test, just throw in some data, and follow &lt;em&gt;steps 2 &amp;amp; 3&lt;/em&gt; and you'd end up with nice characterization test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this isn't the real world, in the real world I would get something like: &lt;code&gt;void Foo()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So first I would figure out what it's side effects are. They are probably some combination of:&#xA; 1. change global variables,&#xA; 2. change database,&#xA; 3. change files,&#xA; 4. make web API calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so then I would log all those changes: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Log(sql)&#xA;&#xA;Statement.Execute(sql)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I can think of the function as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Log Foo()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then run it and see what happens, it probably isn't deterministic, because you haven't passed in any variables, as you start to see what is occurring, you can start to see what needs to be passed in. Let's say it's a database. then you need to effectively do a rollback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;database.startTransaction()&#xA;&#xA;log = LogToString()&#xA;&#xA;Foo()&#xA;&#xA;database.rollback();&#xA;&#xA;Approvals.Approve(log)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1051" LastEditorUserId="40943" LastEditDate="2019-08-12T11:19:29.003" LastActivityDate="2019-08-12T11:19:29.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1014" CreationDate="2011-07-31T16:06:09.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Abstract out the call to multiply, and the setters to the other fields. so it looks like &lt;code&gt;buttonMultiply_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){&#xA;doMultiply();&#xA;}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then write the test in english:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create GUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Place 5 in box 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Place 6 in box 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiply&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify result&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then turn into code ( i would use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.approvaltests.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;approvaltests&lt;/a&gt; for this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var c = new Calculator();&#xA;c.SetBox1(5);&#xA;c.SetBox2(6);&#xA;c.Multiply();&#xA;Approvals.Approve(c);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1051" LastActivityDate="2011-07-31T16:06:09.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1527" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1549" CreationDate="2011-08-01T11:01:09.060" Score="17" ViewCount="9742" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm supposed to test a web application for SQL injections. I'm new to this type of security testing and I'd like to get some tips on the matter. Are there any best practices or do I simply search on the Internet for the most common SQL injections and try them out on my application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope some guidance would be profitable for other newbies like me, so please, help me complete the following lists:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;List of &quot;places&quot; in the application to be tested:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;username &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;password(s) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;e-mail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;search field &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;text fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;any other fields that are available to the user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;List of tests to be performed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-08-02T18:31:52.067" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T12:21:51.287" Title="How do I test an application for SQL injections?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;sql-injection&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2011-08-01T13:28:13.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;OK, Be honest, which ones do you have the foundation skills to start with?   Each of these disciplines have a set of foundation skill which are distinct, from manual testing to functional automation to performance.    Assuming that the foundation skills of all of these areas is a lot like assuming that the foundation skills for bookkeeping, managerial accounting and financial auditing are all the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you are new, begin with manual testing.   Hone your testing skills to a sharp edge.   As you add development skills then begin to look at functional automation.   Work diligently in this area.   As you move to performance testing you will now need to have skills in the area of application architecture, networking, project managemnet, development, testing, requirements management, systems analysis, statistics and custom reporting.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2011-08-01T13:28:13.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1529" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-08-01T14:25:19.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Security testing is a process to determine that an information system protects data and maintains functionality as intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The six basic security concepts that need to be covered by security testing are: confidentiality, integrity, authentication, availability, authorization and non-repudiation. Security testing as a term has a number of different meanings and can be completed in a number of different ways. As such a Security Taxonomy helps us to understand these different approaches and meanings by providing a base level to work from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;@ wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T16:16:04.727" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T16:16:04.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1530" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-08-01T14:25:19.343" Score="0" Body="Security testing is a process to determine that an information system protects data and maintains functionality as intended." OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-08-01T15:27:07.277" LastActivityDate="2011-08-01T15:27:07.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1527" CreationDate="2011-08-01T22:00:57.580" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This kind of testing can be incredibly fun and can expose a wide variety of defects outside of its core focus; making sure you can't destroy data. I'm no expert but I do have a few tips I hope you'll find helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a variety of ways to try and inject SQL queries and commands into the web application; text input fields are the most obvious but depending on how your site works, you may be able to manipulate URLs to transmit injection attacks. If you can upload to your web application, don't forget to try setting file names as injection attacks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some familiarity with the database in question is a must; if it's not terribly complex ask the designer for an ERD ( Entity Relationship Diagram ). If it's very complex ( lots of tables, views and indexes ) then ask for some guidance on crucial fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The kinds of attacks I generally try consist of trying to delete tables, trying to delete or change entities, or trying to hit the database with complex queries in rapid succession to try and overtax the database server. You'll need an introduction to SQL syntax in the environment you're using ( MySQL vs MS SQL ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, I tend to use a variety of ways to outsmart filters that might be on the text boxes; after vanilla SQL syntax is tried, using HTML or UTF encoding instead of character literals can reveal a ton of bugs. Something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#60alert&amp;amp;#34;&amp;amp;#33;xss&amp;amp;#33;&amp;amp;#60;&amp;amp;#47;&amp;amp;#60&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As opposed to using literals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;alert&amp;gt;&quot;xss&quot;&amp;lt;/alert&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can sometimes trick the application server into converting otherwise innocuous characters into a dangerous string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned before, this kind of testing will often find bugs that have nothing to do with your database. For example, I once uploaded a file with an encoded &quot;drop table&quot; query that broke the page so that my upload history could not be shown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="415" LastActivityDate="2011-08-01T22:00:57.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1532" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-02T06:03:12.413" Score="6" ViewCount="60729" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are numerous of different testing environments that I have come across with, and ALL of them seem pretty useful and helpful but which ones are necessary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example ... I have seen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA == Functional testing of the system &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Integration Testing == Tests the system from end to end&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Acceptance Testing = Allows the user to validate the functionality over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production == Production &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Parallel == A parallel of production to replicate production issues &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CCE = Client Certification Environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a lot of different type of testing that could happen (http://www.guru99.com/types-of-software-testing.html). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the most common set of environments and best practices for each environment? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="979" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-02-01T16:50:09.187" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T20:50:15.193" Title="List and role of different types of testing environments" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;planning&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-04-17T00:50:47.637" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1532" CreationDate="2011-08-02T06:57:18.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what you meant by &quot;role&quot; here and some elaboration would help in identifying what exactly you are looking for. Nonetheless, we usually have have the &lt;strong&gt;DTAP&lt;/strong&gt; enviroments for our sprint/release cycle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt; - Dev  (here you can pair with devs and help write junits and do dev-box testing before commits.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;T&lt;/strong&gt; - Test (the test environment where the automated regression suit runs after each commit/on-demand/periodically. Major chunck of the exploratory/story/functional and non-functional testing is done on this environment since its independent of the dev env it mostly take care of all dependencies of interfacing with external services/clients to enable system level testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; - Acceptance (Product Owner does the acceptance testing after deploy to this env in between or after a successful sprint.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt; - Production (Finally a release is deployed to prod 'sprint-ly' or as per release cycle. Smoke tests are run after deploy and accessibility checks are performed periodically)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the criticality and the type of your application you might have a few variantions like a staging environment(mostly when you have to migrate/test on real prdocution data), pre-production (where you can test user profiles,security, disaster recovery and back-up) and production environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T06:57:18.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1469" CreationDate="2011-08-02T08:11:26.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with Lyndon, but why just for the release?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how about heartbeat tests that run periodically checking that everything is as it should be. This way not only the upgrade will get tested, but if someone acidently takes out a cable you will know about it (hopefully sooner than your clients).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be pro-active about testing - production monitoring is continuous testing, and doesn't have to be limited to checking the simple stuff (like have you got enough disk space).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T08:11:26.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1389" CreationDate="2011-08-02T08:25:48.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On thoughtworks tech radar I noticed this in the right direction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/test-load-balancer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/test-load-balancer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it's probably early days for nunit / team city integration but it's the kind of thing I'm looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T08:25:48.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-02T08:39:23.350" Score="2" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;Christmas List:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manually I nark tests as being in category &quot;long running&quot;. I'm lazy and don't want people to have to do this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any testing or CI frameworks out there that can run only tests that take less than 1s for example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there's a down side that a test that should be quick takes an exceptionally long time which may not get highlighted - but I think CI servers should be able to highlight this too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(JetBrains if your listening....)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-04-07T12:57:12.070" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T02:16:27.877" Title="Automatically only run the fast tests?" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1538" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-08-02T08:55:04.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit testing is a method by which individual units of source code are tested to determine if they are fit for use. A unit is the smallest testable part of an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit tests are created by programmers or occasionally by white box testers during the development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;@ wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-08-02T11:18:02.167" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T11:18:02.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1539" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-08-02T08:55:04.023" Score="0" Body="Unit testing is a method by which individual units of source code are tested to determine if they are fit for use. A unit is the smallest testable part of an application." OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-08-02T11:18:47.097" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T11:18:47.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1540" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-02T14:13:21.750" Score="-4" ViewCount="2576" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made a notepad in c and i want to add find &amp;amp; replace feature so i just want some test case for that feature so that it works fine in notepad editor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1057" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T16:11:39.160" Title="Test cases for find and replace function of notepad" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2011-08-02T19:40:53.960" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1527" CreationDate="2011-08-02T14:40:14.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I must say, I loved BrMcMullin's answer.  This is an area where using tools can teach you a lot.  There are plenty of good open source and free one's, however, I'm not familiar with most of them (company shelled out for some nice vulnerability management software).  You could always check out a site like &lt;a href=&quot;http://pentestit.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;penTestIT&lt;/a&gt; for some recommendations.  Personally, since I have it at my disposal, I normally do an automated in the background while I'm doing some of my other tests.  Since it shows you what it's doing, helps beautifully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this, I do exactly what BrMcMullin stated.  In this area, all that I keep open is my browser, &lt;a href=&quot;http://fiddler2.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fiddler&lt;/a&gt;, and some good music.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your second question, about where to test, far too many people limit themselves to textfields.  Take a look at where your query is getting it's information.  Often, select boxes, and radio button's are also used, the data from those inputs are not checked anywhere near as much as the text fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can almost guarantee that after you find you're first sql injection bug, that you will have a ton of new idea's for testing it, as you'll want to keep on going.  It's fun and a great way to get your creative juices flowing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T14:40:14.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1542" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-08-02T15:00:32.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;BDD is a second-generation, outside-in, pull-based, multiple-stakeholder, multiple-scale, high-automation, agile methodology. It describes a cycle of interactions with well-defined outputs, resulting in the delivery of working, tested software that matters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BDD focuses on obtaining a clear understanding of desired software behaviour through discussion with stakeholders. It extends TDD by writing test cases in a natural language that non-programmers can read. Behavior-driven developers use their native language in combination with the ubiquitous language of domain driven design to describe the purpose and benefit of their code. This allows the developers to focus on why the code should be created, rather than the technical details, and minimizes translation between the technical language in which the code is written and the domain language spoken by the business, users, stakeholders, project management, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_Driven_Development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;@ wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-08-02T16:57:37.720" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T16:57:37.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1543" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-08-02T15:00:32.767" Score="0" Body="Behavior driven development (or BDD) is an agile software development technique that encourages collaboration between developers, QA and non-technical or business participants in a software project." OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-08-02T16:57:38.673" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T16:57:38.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1544" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-08-02T15:03:15.157" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-08-02T15:03:15.157" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T15:03:15.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1545" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-08-02T15:03:15.157" Score="0" Body="Watir, pronounced &quot;water&quot;, is an acronym standing for &quot;Web Application Testing in Ruby&quot;. Watir is a toolkit used to automate browser-based tests during web application development. It uses the Ruby scripting language to drive Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera and Safari, and is available as a RubyGems gem." OwnerUserId="26" LastEditorUserId="26" LastEditDate="2011-08-02T15:10:47.223" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T15:10:47.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1540" CreationDate="2011-08-02T16:11:39.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with a list of things the feature is supposed to do. You&#xA;should already have this from when you created the feature. If you have a function specification, use that to create the list.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each item on the list write some &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=test%20case&quot;&gt;test cases&lt;/a&gt; to test the item.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit your question and add the list of tests you created. Ask if your test cases are good or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-08-02T16:11:39.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1532" CreationDate="2011-08-03T00:55:34.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the risk of flogging a dead horse, this is one of those context-free questions that is tough to answer without information specific to your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I won't rehash what people have described about commonly used environments, but I would like to offer a few things to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with most things, there are no best practices, there is what is appropriate for the situation you find yourself in. I've worked in companies where you could rapidly clone an entire environment and have as many running as your hardware had the capacity to support. I've worked in other places where the environment was so ponderously large that mimicking the entire thing 1:1 would have been ridiculously expensive. I've seen places with very relaxed development processes and others where things were very rigid and strictly controlled. How we worked within each of those constraints (or sometimes outside of them) differed from one to another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some things that might affect what environment(s) you have and what you use them for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What sort of development style are you using? Are you working in a waterfall environment? an agile one? somewhere in between? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of testing are you looking to do? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you update your environment? Do you get builds delivered to you? Do you pull code from the repository?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are your environments small and self-contained or large and complex?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you using individual data sources or do multiple environments share a single db? (I've seen both)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do developers and testers work very closely together or are they separated (by time, distance, culture...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you mock up any part of your environment? Does that change over time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you release software to production?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer some of these questions, then see what questions you have about different environments (you know, unless you really were looking for a pat answer to an interview question :P )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastActivityDate="2011-08-03T00:55:34.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1527" CreationDate="2011-08-03T07:23:49.643" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;From Application level you need to check how does the code handle parameters. Are there any validations done on this parameters (Length, Datatype checks) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best Practices &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of parameterized queries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Procedures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Grant only execute permission for SP. No DDL operations for users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternative I would suggest you look at how code is written&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check on &#xA;sqlmap - automatic SQL injection and database takeover tool. &lt;a href=&quot;http://sqlmap.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sqlmap.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Source Code Analyzer for SQL Injection (CTP July 2008) - &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/benjones/archive/2008/07/19/microsoft-source-code-analyzer-for-sql-injection-ctp-july-2008.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/benjones/archive/2008/07/19/microsoft-source-code-analyzer-for-sql-injection-ctp-july-2008.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="93" LastEditDate="2011-11-03T17:27:11.313" LastActivityDate="2011-11-03T17:27:11.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1537" CreationDate="2011-08-03T15:46:09.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that in Java you can use TestNG framework in which you can group your tests.&#xA;Eventually you can direct TestNG runner to execute tests only in that group.&#xA;See this for more -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#test-groups&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#test-groups&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-04-07T12:57:08.743" LastActivityDate="2013-04-07T12:57:08.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2011-08-03T17:20:42.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my experience, you don't want to hire a QA whose only asset is strong technical knowledge who may be lacking in the problem-solving, question-asking, quick-learning skills that many other posts have described.  After all, a QA is going to have to interact with developers, business analysts and perhaps end-users.  Also, as another post pointed out, those who are heavily technical are often not very good with the written word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the same time, you would also not want to hire a QA who lacked the necessary technical skills but had good people skills, writing skills and was perhaps able to solve puzzles/problems during an interview.  Although, it could be argued that a person with good math and problem-solving skills could easily develop the technical skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it goes without saying that you would not want to hire a QA who doesn't demonstrate technical ability or problem-solving abilities.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess my answer to your question is that I wouldn't rule out the use of puzzles and tests but don't weight them too heavily.  You are looking for a well-rounded candidate and some people who may fail a test during an interview will still excel in a real work environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1061" LastActivityDate="2011-08-03T17:20:42.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1488" CreationDate="2011-08-03T18:04:24.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Approvaltests.com calls them unit tests, so I'm not going to argue :)  Although I'm not sure why you are looking for a hard definition. It's taking the value from unit tests, adding readable output and screenshoting them.  Kinda a neat process that could be used for UAT and forces dev's to use TDD.  Tools that I would consider similar are Cucumber, jBehave, and Concordion (each has thier own specific flavor though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-08-03T18:04:24.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1527" CreationDate="2011-08-03T18:31:31.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this question is more suited at &lt;a href=&quot;http://security.stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;http://security.stackexchange.com&lt;/a&gt; . The following questions has been answered over there which are similar to your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/q/130/294&quot;&gt;what-are-some-good-website-security-scanning-solutions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/q/4530/294&quot;&gt;testing-sql-injection-using-sqlmap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/q/2582/294&quot;&gt;im-trying-to-find-how-to-exploit-my-sql-code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/q/2178/294&quot;&gt;testing-php-form-injection&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/q/5067/294&quot;&gt;testing-for-dangling-cursor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1064" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T13:14:44.087" LastActivityDate="2011-08-03T18:31:31.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1537" CreationDate="2011-08-04T01:10:04.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are talking about unit tests I would consider moving the long running tests to a different test suite.  If they are taking a long time they probably aren't unit tests and should not be treated as such. These tests should be moved to the location where you run integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that's not what your looking for you could also look into running tests in parallel.  Testng supports this and I've read that is this is possible with junit as well (although I've never seen it work in junit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-08-04T01:10:04.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1469" CreationDate="2011-08-04T02:03:49.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good to hear a deployment testing question.  The deployment process itself seems to be often ignored. Is your deployment process automated?  If it isn't quality starts there.  A consistent repeatable process will do wonders for successful deployments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that is complete you can look into adding quality checks into your automated deployments like adding a txt file to your deployment so you know which build/revision number, Validate the service is up, confirm old files are removed, Automate a smoke test of the application, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your talking about testing a newly automated deployment, I would focus on testing things that could fail and validate that the error handling is understandable.  More importantly look for items that could fail but would not fail the deployment.  The worse kind of failed deploy is one that you didn't even know failed and of course add quality testing steps into the deployment process (like I mentioned above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-08-04T02:03:49.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1005" CreationDate="2011-08-04T02:36:16.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other major one I've seen is xStudio.  I've only tried the demo out, never got backing to try a full install.  We are still using good old Quality center at my place of business.  It's at least worth checking out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com/products/xstudio.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.xqual.com/products/xstudio.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-08-04T02:36:16.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1425" CreationDate="2011-08-04T14:23:46.213" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I indicated in this reply &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1399/accessibility-testing-should-it-be-considered-functional-testing-or-non-functio/1402#1402&quot;&gt;Accessibility Testing - Should it be considered functional testing or non functional testing?&lt;/a&gt; I like the following definitions from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lessons-from-history.com/node/83&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.lessons-from-history.com/node/83&lt;/a&gt; &quot;a functional requirement specifies what the system should do&quot; &quot;a non-functional requirement specifies how the system should behave&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have always treated setup/upgrade testing as functional testing because we are essentially testing what the the installer engine should do. Of course, with complex installer packages with multiple configuration dialogs you also have a behavior element as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also want to check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2011/02/21/state-transition-testing-thinking-in-models/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2011/02/21/state-transition-testing-thinking-in-models/&lt;/a&gt; for an example of testing flow, and also combinatioral testing for testing complex configuration matrices for setup/upgrade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-08-04T14:23:46.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1558" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1561" CreationDate="2011-08-05T10:35:38.783" Score="4" ViewCount="2021" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a button &lt;code&gt;reach_analysis_button&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;id=&quot;x-auto-7&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But directly using that i am not able to locate the element from webdriver.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried &lt;code&gt;(&quot;//div(@class=’x-window-bwrap’)/div[@class=’x-window-ml’]/div[@class='x-window-mr']/div[@class=’x-window-mc’]/div[@role=’presentation’]/img[@id='x-auto-7']&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; but was of no use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally what helped me was the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webdriven.findElement(By.id(&quot;welcomeWindow&quot;));&#xA;webdriven.findElement(By.className(&quot;x-window-bwrap&quot;));&#xA;webdriven.findElement(By.className(&quot;x-window-ml&quot;));&#xA;webdriven.findElement(By.className(&quot;x-window-mr&quot;));&#xA;webdriven.findElement(By.className(&quot;x-window-mc&quot;));&#xA;WebElement Estimates=webdriven.findElement(By.id(&quot;x-auto-7&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the html of image button &lt;code&gt;reach_analysis_button&lt;/code&gt; I am trying to click:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-shadow x-ignore&quot; style=&quot;display: block; z-index: 1011; left: 416px; top: 9px; width: 580px; height: 292px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;welcomeWindow&quot; class=&quot; x-window x-component &quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; width: 580px; left: 406px; top: 0px; z-index: 1012;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; hidefocus=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-window-tl&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-window-bwrap&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;overflow: auto; position: static;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-window-ml&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-window-mr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-window-mc&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-window-body x-abs-layout-container&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;width: 566px; height: 261px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img id=&quot;x-auto-7&quot; class=&quot;welcome-image x-component x-abs-layout-item&quot; src=&quot;resources/images/arbitron/reach_analysis_button.jpg&quot; style=&quot;left: 193px; top: 6px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img id=&quot;x-auto-8&quot; class=&quot;welcome-image x-component x-abs-layout-item&quot; src=&quot;resources/images/arbitron/saved_insights_button.jpg&quot; style=&quot;left: 380px; top: 6px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img id=&quot;x-auto-9&quot; class=&quot;welcome-image x-component x-abs-layout-item&quot; src=&quot;resources/images/arbitron/behavior_analysis_button.jpg&quot; style=&quot;left: 6px; top: 6px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need a single line locator for this element, other than using those six lines, is it possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T17:21:09.830" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T17:21:09.830" Title="Need help to frame locator for webdriver script" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1559" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-05T10:46:00.773" Score="6" ViewCount="2507" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, I have the latest Selenium 2.0 Python bindings installed via pip (Python 2.7.2, Windows 7).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote a small script to see if I could get it working:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;)&#xA;driver.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will run, and open the command line. Then, a blank vanilla instance of Firefox 5.0 will launch, with &quot;WebDriver&quot; in the bottom right status bar. The command-line client will then terminate, and the Firefox window will persist. The specified URL does not open, and nor does the browser close afterwards. It just waits there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am however, behind a proxy when testing this, so I must admit I haven't tried it outside of the proxy. But, with this in mind, I thought to update my code with new profile information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&#xA;profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()&#xA;profile.set_preference(&quot;network.proxy.type&quot;, 1)&#xA;profile.set_preference(&quot;network.proxy.http&quot;, &quot;proxy.xx.xxx.xxx&quot;)&#xA;profile.set_preference(&quot;network.proxy.http_port&quot;, 3128)&#xA;profile.update_preferences()&#xA;&#xA;driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile)&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;)&#xA;driver.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was based on the issue found here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=2061&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=2061&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, the same behaviour as before. Does anyone have some pointers on how I can get this to work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastActivityDate="2012-04-29T13:12:47.987" Title="Unable to run standalone test script in Selenium with Python" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1560" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-05T14:30:54.400" Score="8" ViewCount="498" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in the process of trying to learn more about ethical hacking, however a lot of the sources I am reading about have a lot of text/theory with very little hands on work. I was wondering if anyone could point me in the direction of place where I could learn more about the practical side of things like XSS / SQL injection / etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any definitive sources of learning about this sort of thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastActivityDate="2011-09-25T21:11:16.603" Title="Learning about Ethical Hacking" Tags="&lt;sql-injection&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1558" CreationDate="2011-08-05T18:01:07.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you try using regular expression or a substring in the xpath?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like this may help:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; xpath = &quot;//img[contains(@id,'x-auto')]&quot; OR&#xA;WebElement Estimates=webdriven.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//img[contains(@id,'x-auto')]&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use another xpath method starts-with(@id,'x-auto')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2011-08-05T18:01:07.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-05T18:30:41.937" Score="8" ViewCount="4382" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is going to be a bit long/wordy/verbose, but I've been looking at it for a while and I think that I'm bad at explaining things because people seem to get confused about what I'm asking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You know how, when you add the &lt;code&gt;[DataSource(...)]&lt;/code&gt; attribute to a test, the test will perform multiple runs, and then show as multiple executions in the test runner (MTM or VS)? I need to reproduce that kind of behaviour, while still being able to use a datasource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe showing what I'm trying to do might make more sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say I am testing a webservice that has an Add(int,int) method and I want to test a number of different adds, so I have a TestMethod that looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void CanAdd()&#xA;{&#xA;    var clientProxy = this.getClientProxy();&#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(2, clientProxy.Add(1, 1));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;now, I add the datafile, a csv that looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;arg1,arg2,expected&#xA;1,1,2&#xA;0,1,1&#xA;-1,1,0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I import that into my test, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestMethod]&#xA;[DataSource(...)]&#xA;[DeploymentItem(...)]&#xA;public void CanAdd()&#xA;{&#xA;    var clientProxy = this.getClientProxy();&#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(&#xA;        (int)TestContext.DataRow[&quot;expected&quot;], &#xA;        clientProxy.Add(&#xA;            (int)TestContext.DataRow[&quot;arg1&quot;], &#xA;            (int)TestContext.DataRow[&quot;arg2&quot;]));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I'll get 3 runs of my test, one for each data row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This all works fine... but the problem is that I must test multiple (configurable) proxy locations. And it has to work from a test run kicked off from MTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What it would ideally look like would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestMethod]&#xA;[DataSource(...)]&#xA;[DeploymentItem(...)]&#xA;public void CanAdd()&#xA;{&#xA;    /*  in this scenario, getClientProxy would update the client proxy &#xA;        with the address of the deployed location of the service&#xA;    */&#xA;    var clientProxy = this.getClientProxy(&#xA;        TestContext.DataRow[&quot;deployedLocation&quot;].ToString()); &#xA;&#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(&#xA;        (int)TestContext.DataRow[&quot;expected&quot;], &#xA;        clientProxy.Add(&#xA;            (int)TestContext.DataRow[&quot;arg1&quot;], &#xA;            (int)TestContext.DataRow[&quot;arg2&quot;]));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, if I had 2 deployed services (which are identical outside of their physical location), then I'd have 6 test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't work, and here's why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can't put the location of the service into the datasource because:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It'll be different depending on who's running the test(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If each person running the test(s) manually changed the datasource, they'd have to do a checkin and a rebuild.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can't have another datasource attribute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, I want to have a data driven test, where the data would be like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;location,arg1,arg2,expected&#xA;http://www.location1.com/service.svc,1,1,2&#xA;http://www.location1.com/service.svc,0,1,1&#xA;http://www.location1.com/service.svc,-1,1,0&#xA;http://www.location2.com/service.svc,1,1,2&#xA;http://www.location2.com/service.svc,0,1,1&#xA;http://www.location2.com/service.svc,-1,1,0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;except that I can't actually put the location into the datasource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone come across this kind of behaviour? Any ideas on a workaround? I'm currently looking at creating an aspect that will call the testmethod for n locations passed into the attribute (similar to &lt;a href=&quot;http://callumhibbert.blogspot.com/2008/01/extending-mstest.html&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;) but I don't know if it'll work as I expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="971" LastEditorUserId="971" LastEditDate="2011-08-05T19:43:29.693" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T02:13:06.677" Title="How does the DataSource attribute on a test run the test multiple times?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1560" CreationDate="2011-08-05T20:46:41.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can get you started on the SQL injection side. Most SQL injection involves the semi-colon (;). The injection attack cleverly ends the current SQL statement, using the semi-colon, and starts one with your injection statement. Some systems safe guard against this method by filtering your input, but there is probably a way to fool the filter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On an ethical standpoint, I can't think of a way to ethically do SQL injection since it involves performing an operation on a large data-set, which can be damaging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there are some hits, through Google, that give examples to SQL injection; due to researching the methods while designing a security system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="347" LastActivityDate="2011-08-05T20:46:41.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1564" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-06T11:20:58.450" Score="3" ViewCount="3843" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got the following error when I try to run this test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TheNewTest : FailedSelenium.SeleniumException : Timed out after 5000ms&#xA;  at Selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.DoCommand(String command, String[]&#xA;  args) in&#xA;  c:\Projects\WebDriver\trunk\dotnet\src\Selenium.Core\HttpCommandProcessor.cs:&#xA;  line 100 at ClassLibrary1.NewTest.TheNewTest() in Class1.cs: line 66&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using System.Text.RegularExpressions;&#xA;using System.Threading;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using Selenium;&#xA;&#xA;namespace ClassLibrary1&#xA;{&#xA;    [TestFixture]&#xA;&#xA;    public class NewTest&#xA;    {&#xA;        private ISelenium selenium;&#xA;&#xA;        private StringBuilder verificationErrors;&#xA;&#xA;        [SetUp]&#xA;&#xA;        public void SetupTest()&#xA;        {&#xA;            selenium = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*firefox D:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            selenium.Start();&#xA;&#xA;            verificationErrors = new StringBuilder();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [TearDown]&#xA;&#xA;        public void TeardownTest()&#xA;        {&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                selenium.Stop();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            catch (Exception)&#xA;            {&#xA;                // Ignore errors if unable to close the browser&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(&quot;&quot;, verificationErrors.ToString());&#xA;        }&#xA;        [Test]&#xA;&#xA;        public void TheNewTest()&#xA;        {&#xA;            // Open Google search engine.&#xA;            selenium.Open(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            // Assert Title of page.&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(&quot;Google&quot;, selenium.GetTitle());&#xA;&#xA;            // Provide search term as &quot;Selenium OpenQA&quot;&#xA;            selenium.Type(&quot;q&quot;, &quot;Selenium OpenQA&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            // Read the keyed search term and assert it.&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(&quot;Selenium OpenQA&quot;, selenium.GetValue(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            // Click on Search button.&#xA;            selenium.Click(&quot;btnG&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            // Wait for page to load.&#xA;            selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(&quot;5000&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            // Assert that &quot;www.openqa.org&quot; is available in search results.&#xA;            Assert.IsTrue(selenium.IsTextPresent(&quot;openqa.org&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            // Assert that page title is - &quot;Selenium OpenQA - Google Search&quot;&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(&quot;Selenium OpenQA - Google Search&quot;,&#xA;                         selenium.GetTitle());&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm suspecting something wrong with the line &lt;code&gt;selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(&quot;5000&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; but I don't know how to fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also download my code here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/20422001/ClassLibrary1.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/20422001/ClassLibrary1.zip&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to MANUALLY refresh the browser in order to get pass the line &lt;code&gt;selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(timeout);&lt;/code&gt;. How can I fix this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things start to get more and more interesting! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I changed my code to search on Altavista search website (www.altavista.com) and it WORKS!&#xA;Somehow I don't know why it seems &quot;selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(timeout);&quot; doesn't work for Google search website, but it works for the Altavista search website  Is it just me? I'm still curious and want to make it work for google's website as well, plz help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 3: August 10th 2011&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am now one step before the final solution to this problem. Thanks &quot;stuartf&quot; for pointing out that the root cause of this problem is because of Google using Ajax call for search results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, I have a &quot;cheap solution&quot; for this problem, here is what I did to &quot;detect&quot; when the ajax page is loaded:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;while (seconds &amp;lt; 30)&#xA;{&#xA;    //Check whether the results page is loaded.&#xA;    if (selenium.GetTitle() == &quot;Selenium OpenQA - Google Search&quot;)&#xA;    {&#xA;        break;&#xA;    }&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;    seconds++;&#xA;}     &#xA;Assert.IsTrue(selenium.IsTextPresent(&quot;openqa.org&quot;));       &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it works by checking the search results page title, BUT It's still not too reliable in my opinion.  Is there a better way to check whether the ajax page is loaded? Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (selenium.isElementPresent(&quot;link=ajaxLink&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is, how do we find &quot;ajaxLink&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1080" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-24T14:22:26.673" LastActivityDate="2020-02-24T14:22:26.673" Title="Selenium error in NUnit C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1565" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1569" CreationDate="2011-08-07T02:51:52.507" Score="11" ViewCount="1203" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have begun with automation for a product which is in one language and soon to be ported in another. The only good thing is - Test Automation is just begun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there are two things which worry me - hard coded Strings (app title, alert messages etc) in Test Scripts and Test Data which should be keyed in depending on locale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking of having a global variable which indicates the locale for which test is to be executed and then deciding on String/test data to be used in test method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider that I externalize the String I have in tests and then decide string of which language is to be used in my test method, so I could do something like -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public void myAweSomeMethodWorkingInAllLocales() { &#xA;   if(locale is fr) {&#xA;     testDataFile=privateLocation/frTestDataForThisLocale&#xA;     testStringFile=privateLocation/frAPPStringForThisLocale&#xA;   } else if (locale is in) {&#xA;     testDataFile=privateLocation/inTestDataForThisLocale&#xA;     testStringFile=privateLocation/inAPPStringForThisLocale       &#xA;  }&#xA;  //Carry Out my Super tests here&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I find it little cumbersome to do so in each test method of mine. Could I improve it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T15:06:37.367" Title="Test Automation for different Locale?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1564" CreationDate="2011-08-07T03:36:46.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(&quot;60000&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or better, make timeout a variable and use it, so you don't have to hard code it all around:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String timeout = &quot;60000&quot;;&#xA;selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(timeout);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T14:16:37.377" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T14:16:37.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1562" CreationDate="2011-08-07T15:01:49.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand you situation correctly you have a data-driven test, and you want to be able to run that data-driven test using the arguments in the 'datafile' against one or more services with varying locations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One approach may be to read in a file that lists the desired services (location) at runtime into an array, then loop through each element (service) calling your CanAdd() method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-08-07T15:01:49.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1565" CreationDate="2011-08-07T15:15:42.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your application supports Unicode then I really don't understand the reason for segregating input or output test data by language or language family. If somewhere in your product code you thunk between ANSI and Unicode then you could certainly have some issues and testing with a broad range of chars across the Unicode spectrum will flush out those problems sooner than by language based resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, this is especially the type of situation where random test data generation becomes valuable; even locale specific test data. Instead of jumping through a bunch of else if's or switch/case statements you can pass the 'locale' argument to &quot;GetString()&quot; method that takes a language/locale parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A well designed random string generator can generate strings by language family, language, etc, or a mix. I am also working on one now that will generate look like real sentence, or take bodies of text from locale specific docs, randomize the words and spit out sentences, paragraphs, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternately, if you are using static files to read in your test data you can also let the system do the work. If you have a file named with each locale / language code you can detect the current language code programmatically, then just read in that file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            string testDataFileName = &quot;testdata.txt&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        CultureInfo ci = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture;&#xA;        string isoLanguage = (ci.ThreeLetterISOLanguageName);&#xA;&#xA;        string path = Path.GetFullPath(&#xA;            Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop));&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            using (StreamReader readFile = new StreamReader(&#xA;                Path.Combine(path, string.Concat(isoLanguage, testDataFileName))))&#xA;            {&#xA;                //do stuff&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (FileNotFoundException)&#xA;        {&#xA;            // handle file not found exceptions&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case I am getting the 3 letter ISO language name (the complete list is at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php&lt;/a&gt;), and prepending it to a filename or extension and then using stream reader to open and read in the file's contents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This eliminates the need for passing command line args at the launch of the test, and enables growth into new locales as needed by simply adding new satic data files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="213" LastEditDate="2011-08-09T15:06:37.367" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T15:06:37.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1565" CreationDate="2011-08-07T16:26:19.220" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many other aspects to testing internationalization and localization, and other ways to attack problem I think you are trying to solve, but I will restrict my answer to your specific question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest removing all hard-coded locale references from your test suite, and instead having the entire test suite test against a single locale that you specify via a command-line argument, property file, or environment variable.  Then, instead of doing this...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(locale is fr) {&#xA;  testDataFile=privateLocation/frTestDataForThisLocale&#xA;  testStringFile=privateLocation/frAPPStringForThisLocale&#xA;} else if (locale is in) {&#xA;  testDataFile=privateLocation/inTestDataForThisLocale&#xA;  testStringFile=privateLocation/inAPPStringForThisLocale       &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... I would do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; testDataFile=getTestDataForThisLocale(the-locale-we-are-testing-this-time)&#xA; testStringFile=getAppStringsForThisLocale(the-locale-we-are-testing-this-time)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test two locales, you can run the test suite twice.  This gets you out of the business of embedding locale-dependent if-statements throughout your test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-08-07T16:26:19.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1565" CreationDate="2011-08-07T19:00:25.060" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I blogged about this a while back &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jimmycollins.org/blog/?p=28&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. These are some of the pitfalls I encountered when developing test automation solutions for a product available in 28 languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would NEVER hard code any strings - really your automation shouldn't depend on them at all. Depending on the architecture of the product under test, you should get buy in from development to ensure that each control on the UI has a unique, static identifier. For example, for a HTML based UI, the 'id' attribute could be used. Win32 controls can be assigned identifers also I believe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maintaining strings files is a bad approach, if the strings change (for example in a new version or a bug fix due to bad localization), you'll need to update such files. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use a unique identifer of some sort, your automation will possibly work for many versions, unless in the event of a major UI overhaul.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="184" LastActivityDate="2011-08-07T19:00:25.060" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1574" CreationDate="2011-08-08T09:20:47.493" Score="5" ViewCount="5565" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional Show Stopper comes as one parameter of 'Priority'. I know Show Stopper.. but what is Functional Show Stopper ? What kind of issues can be categorized under this ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T14:25:22.963" Title="What is Functional Show Stopper in Bug Tracking?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1573" CreationDate="2011-08-08T12:27:05.013" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like, to me, simply a &quot;shop term&quot;, something someone came up with in a particular location or locale.  A quick Google search didn't really find much of anything to categorize this term or define it in a global way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, a &quot;show stopper&quot;, as I understand it, is a bug that makes the software product and/or feature being released critically unstable to the point that releasing it would cause the application and/or feature to be just a load of useless bits sitting on the hard drive.  So, a &quot;functional show stopper&quot;, while it might not totally trash the application, would mean that the bug gets in the way of the intended functionality in such a way that a particular function or feature does not meet requirements and is even un-usable in it's current state.  It might not completely destabilize the application but it essentially will mean that the designated feature of the application might as well not be there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-08-08T12:27:05.013" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1573" CreationDate="2011-08-08T18:14:41.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd agree with Tristaan that &quot;functional show stopper&quot; sounds like a term that your organization uses for internal tracking purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you start by asking people you're working with for a clarification of how you're expected to use the term. It could mean anything from &quot;this function is unusable&quot; to &quot;this is a show-stopper bug that is triggered by a function&quot; (compared to a &quot;performance show-stopper&quot; like &quot;it takes half an hour to load the application and data entry is accepted at a rate of one character every two seconds&quot;) (Don't laugh - I've had to work with applications like that...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-08-08T18:14:41.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1576" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1577" CreationDate="2011-08-08T20:15:58.633" Score="6" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my WatiN tests I am currently structuring the test like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void Failed_Attempted_Login_Invalid_Combination()&#xA;{&#xA;    using (var browser = new IE(baseUrl + &quot;login.aspx&quot;))&#xA;    {&#xA;        browser.Page&amp;lt;AVLoginPage&amp;gt;().Login(&quot;test@roger.com&quot;, &quot;123421343414&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(browser.ContainsText(&quot;Email address or password is incorrect. &quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a clean way to be able to specify the browser without having to create separate tests for each browser type?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2011-08-08T21:52:08.010" Title="Is there a good way to structure my test code so I don't have to duplicate tests for different browsers using WatiN" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;watin&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1576" CreationDate="2011-08-08T21:52:08.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Factory method that return an object instance of type Browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using WatiN.Core;&#xA;&#xA;namespace ConsoleApplication4&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        public static Browser BrowserFactory(bool IWantToUseIEAndOnlyIE)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Browser result;&#xA;            if (IWantToUseIEAndOnlyIE)&#xA;            {&#xA;                result = new IE();&#xA;            }&#xA;            else {&#xA;                result = new FireFox();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            return result;&#xA;        }&#xA;        [STAThread]&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            using (Browser b = BrowserFactory(true))&#xA;            {&#xA;                b.GoTo(&quot;http://sqa.stackexchange.com/&quot;);&#xA;                b.WaitForComplete(20*10000);&#xA;                b.TextField(Find.ByName(&quot;q&quot;)).TypeText(&quot;WatiN&quot;);&#xA;                Console.ReadKey();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2011-08-08T21:52:08.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1583" CreationDate="2011-08-09T02:18:45.917" Score="10" ViewCount="452" Body="&lt;p&gt;The people I work with are .NET programmers that aren't exactly on the BDD/TDD bandwagon yet. I'm the main web designer, but for the past few months I've also been assigned the tester role as well (yeah, we're a tiny company).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to start incorporating some automated tests and after some research I'm more drawn to Watir/Cucumber and other Ruby-based tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I only test the GUI along with certain permissions (e.g. if I log in as a user, make sure I can't see what admins see, etc.) so I don't foresee any conflicts in terms of what language I use. Also, Ruby just feels a little easier to learn than C#/.NET.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I'm wondering if there's anything I'm missing and whether it would just be easier to learn the .NET-based testing tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1091" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T11:12:22.770" Title="My team codes in one language, I want to test using another. What can go wrong?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1580" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-09T10:28:02.033" Score="6" ViewCount="9216" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium seems to have a lot of different components and the website does not explain them very well and I'm still a bit confused which is which. What's the difference or purpose between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE&#xA;Selenium Server&#xA;Selenium Remote Control&#xA;WebDriver&#xA;Selenium 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/b&gt; is a GUI plugin used for rapid prototyping of test cases in Selenese/HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/b&gt; is a GUI plugin used for rapid prototyping of test cases in Selenium 1 &amp;amp; 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Selenium Server&lt;/b&gt; is a standalone java program which allows you to run HTML test suites in a range of different browsers, plus extra options like reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Selenium Remote Control&lt;/b&gt; is the old name for Selenium Server, which only supports version 1 of the Selenium API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;WebDriver&lt;/b&gt; is the actual core API which has bindings in a range of languages and allows you to write standalone tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Selenium 2&lt;/b&gt; is the latest version of the Selenium project, and includes the IDE, Server and WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="784" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T15:48:57.147" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T11:11:39.737" Title="What's the difference between Selenium IDE, RC, 2, and WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1578" CreationDate="2011-08-09T11:52:45.107" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are the sole tester, and might continue to be for a while, it probably doesn't matter much if you choose whatever tool you personally prefer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if there is an expectation that other programmers will contribute to test automation, you should take their needs and preferences into consideration as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then again, when your company grows enough, you may hire some dedicated testers who will then make their own test automation choices anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T11:52:45.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1565" CreationDate="2011-08-09T11:54:37.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Years ago, I took a similar approach to testing under different locales. It worked well for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used something like this during the internationalization portion of the project:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/pseudo-translation-of-strings-as-aid-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/pseudo-translation-of-strings-as-aid-to.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also externalized all the resources (strings), and had them translated for me by a professional translator. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T11:54:37.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1578" CreationDate="2011-08-09T12:56:07.693" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that the language in general wont matter but with this caveat: since the product is coded in .Net you might look at the latest test tools that Microsoft includes with the tester edition of VS. The primary advantage being that tests and test documents could be managed in TFS, over time taking advantage of that could be helpful. Tests and test documents that live only on one persons machine are very fragile things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1097" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T12:56:07.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1584" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-09T13:03:40.040" Score="8" ViewCount="707" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the real benefits of using Selenium 2 instead of Selenium 1? I've read several posts related to new version but didn't get what are the advantages of Selenium 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1096" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T14:03:08.433" Title="Why should I move to Selenium 2 from Selenium 1?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1584" CreationDate="2011-08-09T13:13:57.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, the short answer is, you shouldn't. There basically only 2 reasons for moving to the newer version:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The older version has some critical problems that you always have to solve with dirty hacks and workarounds. If the newer version is known to have these issues fixed, there's a reason to  upgrade.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The older version is not supported anymore. That's not applicable to Selenium, since it's toooo open source (read as - &quot;noone cares if it doesn't work&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the best approach here is spending some efforts on checking what the newer version does and how it does it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1098" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T13:13:57.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1578" CreationDate="2011-08-09T13:37:40.147" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a big proponent of removing as many abstraction layers between my automated tests and the product code as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ruby or other scripting languages may seem fine for now, but if your test automation expands beyond simulating manipulating GUI elements you may find that C# may have been a better choice, to begin with for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance, C# is more performant than many scripting languages. May not seem important now, but as test library grows the time it takes to run a suite may matter. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Collaboration, the dev can review and run automated tests. Being able to &quot;plug in&quot; to dev unit test, or another test harness allows you to push tests upstream&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capability, writing your test automation in C# can use reflection to access parts of product code to improve your overall test effectiveness and reduce false positives.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also want to look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2011/05/19/test-automation-beyond-rudimentary-script-lets/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One final thought...talk with your development team and get their input. Perhaps Ruby (or another language) is sufficient for the needs of the company. Also, think about the potential future growth of the company and how needs might change in the foreseeable future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T11:11:03.183" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T11:11:03.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1411" CreationDate="2011-08-09T14:12:17.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me try to summarize my understanding&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xpath links in both the environments would be the same &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you do not find xpath link then it means element is missing in the target environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the description value might be different between two environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My suggestion is store descriptions in a xml and read from it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alternate is use two different verifier methods one for prod/test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think script generated by selenium IDE you can use it directly. This would need tweaking for assertions to be checked as the values would be different in different environments&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Community members please comment if there is any better approach for this scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T14:12:17.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1578" CreationDate="2011-08-09T15:40:41.617" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer is the old favorite: it depends. If you're looking for blackbox regression, the language doesn't matter, although it does help to have other programmers who understand what you're doing with automated tests that they can either help write it or help debug it. If you're looking to build unit tests, you're better off working with the same language as the code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, a lot depends on the purpose of your testing. If your GUI evolves rapidly, you might prefer to work on behind-the-scenes validation of data processing. If GUI is critical, is it faster to do a quick visual, or do you need extensive validation of which components display? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend you don't get hung up on the language you use - start by working out what aspect of your application most needs automated testing, then what offers you the most effective tools to perform that testing. Language can be learned, whether it's a scripting language, a pseudo-English test definition language, or one of the classical programming languages (or anything else for that matter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps you find a good starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-08-09T15:40:41.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1564" CreationDate="2011-08-10T09:51:04.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;WaitForPageToLoad&lt;/code&gt; method will not work here since Google now return results in an AJAX call when you start typing. The best practice is to wait for something knowing on the page to exist before you proceed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example you could poll the page to check if &lt;code&gt;selenium.IsTextPresent(&quot;openqa.org&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;, if it's not loop back around and try again. Just remember to timeout after a specified length of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another idea would be to put a &lt;code&gt;Threading.Sleep(5000)&lt;/code&gt; in place of the &lt;code&gt;WaitForPageToLoad&lt;/code&gt; method, this will cause the test to pause for 5 seconds. This isn't really good practice as you test will not take a minimum of 5 seconds to run when in reality it the test could have finished much quicker than this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-16T14:16:44.633" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T14:16:44.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1591" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1626" CreationDate="2011-08-10T18:57:44.673" Score="2" ViewCount="2013" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a web app that needs to support major browsers, as well as major languages. English, Chinese, French etc., hence the full Unicode support. I am wondering how other test engineers go about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will also be stored in a DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1090" LastEditorUserId="1090" LastEditDate="2011-08-10T20:12:37.140" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T06:20:49.960" Title="What is the best way to test for Full Unicode compliance?" Tags="&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1591" CreationDate="2011-08-10T20:00:05.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to give more details. What language/platform? Is there a database involved? Did you test RTL languages such as Hebrew? Did you take the &quot;Turkey Test&quot;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2008/03/whats-wrong-with-turkey.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2008/03/whats-wrong-with-turkey.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1108" LastActivityDate="2011-08-10T20:00:05.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1578" CreationDate="2011-08-10T22:28:30.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don’t think that learning C# for testing purposes is way harder than learning Ruby. C# has a lot of syntax sugar that enables you to write less code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With C# you could use WatiN (supports IE and FireFox only) or Selenium&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/watin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;for Ref&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not depend on what language/platform you choose, but if you will have problems with C#, you can ask a developer who sits near you. But when you have problems with Ruby then whom will you ask? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to write several tests in both languages. And choose the language you are more comfortable with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T11:12:22.770" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T11:12:22.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-11T01:12:58.210" Score="10" ViewCount="4215" Body="&lt;p&gt;The concept of the &lt;em&gt;Testing Playbook&lt;/em&gt; has been recently added to the list of possible tools in your Context-Driven toolset.  The Playbook has been described as being similar to the list of plays that a football team would prepare before a big game.  The plays in the playbook are how the team plans to play the game, but everyone knows that the coach might make different decisions when the actual game happens.  &lt;em&gt;Football in this case refers to American football.  I don't know, but soccer or rugby might have similar concepts.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not enough has been written about this.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the things someone might include in their Testing Playbook?  Why include those things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="927" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-08-13T13:49:46.530" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T09:26:13.150" Title="What goes in a Testing playbook?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1469" CreationDate="2011-08-11T01:44:15.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just wrote a deployment validation tool with the ability to validate the following things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;IIS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application Pool&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;State (started)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Worker Processes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;State (running)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sites&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;State (started)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Applications&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ApplicationPoolName&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PhysicalPath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Virtual Directories&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LogonMethod&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PhysicalPath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Url post/get Validation&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response Code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response contains or not contains string.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Registry&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Key value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Database&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Table&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Column&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MaximumLength&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Column&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MaximumLength&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;StoredProcedure&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Permissions&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server (Whitelist to test least privlege and optional non-whitelist to verify functionality)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database (Whitelist to test least privlege and optional non-whitelist to verify functionality)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Query&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected Response (contains list of values, optionally in a specific order, optionally contains only that list or the list plus additional values).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Windows Service&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;StartupType&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LogOnAs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;DeploymentFiles (dlls, exe's, any files copied to the server)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Product Version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;File Version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UserPermissions&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AccessControlType&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FileSystemRight&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TextFiles (log files, config files, human readable files)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Location&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Text file contains or not contains strings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to this tool, many of our deployment validations will include a subset of our end to end functional tests, whether UI automation, automation of web requests, or other functional automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to Kunal for the starting point: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingwithkunal.com/category/deployment-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingwithkunal.com/category/deployment-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-08-11T01:44:15.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1598" CreationDate="2011-08-11T06:11:47.063" Score="6" ViewCount="14866" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some say that testing hours should be less than development hours when estimating a development project. But I don't fully agree with this. (take an example of web application with shopping cart).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastEditorUserId="1030" LastEditDate="2011-08-11T10:51:46.870" LastActivityDate="2021-03-29T23:26:26.237" Title="What is the relation between development hours and testing hours?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1596" CreationDate="2011-08-11T10:35:57.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I seem to remember a great blog post about this a few years ago.  I just wish I could remember who it was by or where it was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, testing time is less than development time.  A lot of people say 30-40% of development time, but personally, whenever I've received only this much time, I typically feel as though I haven't done as much I should have.  The actual time will always vary.  Sometimes it ends up being much more than development time.  This will also vary greatly depending on the approach that's been taken by the development team as a whole (including testers).  If you're on a traditional project, testing time is going to be longer.  On agile teams, I've found my testing time to be significantly shorter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, the answer is, it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-08-11T10:35:57.137" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1596" CreationDate="2011-08-11T12:02:25.067" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no inherent preset relationship between development time and testing time.  And there's no inherent preset relationship between development/test staff ratio, and development/test time ratio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The time required to test something is contextual - it depends on factors that may have little or nothing to do with how long it took to develop that feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what counts as Development?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what counts as Testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we were going to perform regression testing anyway, does that count as &quot;zero&quot; additional testing hours?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/what-is-correct-ratio-of-development.html&quot;&gt;http://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/what-is-correct-ratio-of-development.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-08-11T12:02:25.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1216" CreationDate="2011-08-11T12:24:16.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To remember easily,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke test - you just test all pages are accessed without errors and whether input is submitted and you get results. You do this across the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sanity test - You take 1 ore 2 modules. probably the more no. of fixes it has or the important one and test it deep by going through all functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You understand that you do this only to accept the build for further testing, ie. regression, system, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2011-08-11T12:24:16.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1596" CreationDate="2011-08-11T12:44:16.730" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Joe and Lyndon have said, it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the factors that impact how much test time will be needed relative to development time are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the development a green fields project or can the changes potentially affect legacy functions? In the case of the latter, there's a lot more testing time needed than the former.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there regulatory requirements attached to the development? In my workplace, tax compliance and PCI compliance are big issues. Test time for these often exceeds development time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the costs of application failure? As a general rule, there'll be more testing needed for anything that's going to have major costs of failure. A new website that crashes the browser isn't going to have the same cost of failure as say, a Facebook upgrade crashing the browser. If the development involves aircraft software or medical software, expect very high testing time requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much developer testing is there? I've found that testing load for development in an agile, test-driven setting is much lower and usually much more exploratory than for more traditional environments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much is changing? Right now I'm spending massive amounts of time in testing due to a development environment upgrade which also required that every third party component be upgraded and much of the oldest code in the application (some of it over 20 years old and grandfathered in because of the high refactor risk and time required) to be refactored. The time cost for this may not exceed development time - but that will largely be because there won't be time to thoroughly test everything. Ideally for this case test time would exceed development time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are just a few factors that can affect the balance between development and testing time, and one of the reasons I detest the formula approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-08-11T12:44:16.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1601" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-11T19:51:16.303" Score="8" ViewCount="2718" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tl;dr version:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://watintestrecord.sourceforge.net/&quot;&gt;WatiN Test Recorder&lt;/a&gt; looks dead, and I am unsure of the status of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.watin.org/&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt; itself.  I need to make them work or find alternatives that meet our requirements.  Suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Longer version:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our tester has a long list of manual regression tests for our internal, line-of-business web applications.  I am trying to help with automating these tests so that they can be run on demand or at the end of each automated build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are a .NET shop for web applications, and the internal web applications are IE-only.  I don't get to change either of those facts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the above, it seems that our requirements for a testing framework are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Needs to record and run tests in IE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Needs not to involve coding when recording the tests (the other .NET developer and I can and will need to do some minimal coding to create test suites, handle any dynamic data, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Needs to handle some Javascript, AJAX, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strong preferences include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code for running the tests can be written in .NET, and the tests can be integrated into Visual Studio and/or MSBuild projects.  Java is a distant second choice, and anything else would be very disadvantageous.  I know other languages, and I believe the other developer does also, but when we hire developers later, fewer language requirements would be a good thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open source tools that work are great.  Commercial tools are certainly not out of the question, but we do need to limit the cost, and the tool definitely needs to be worth the cost.  I don't know exactly where the line is drawn, but I've been told that the Rational suite is likely too expensive to be approved, for instance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An active community using the tool and good documentation would be nice.  A tool that is continuing to be developed and improved is also a good thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially, it appeared to me that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.watin.org/&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt; would meet our requirements nicely when combined with &lt;a href=&quot;http://watintestrecord.sourceforge.net/&quot;&gt;WatiN Test Recorder&lt;/a&gt;.  That was before I tried them.  I only tried the 2.0 beta for Test Recorder, but there seem to be several problems still (even once correcting the inability for the stock installation to run on 64-bit Win7).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.watin.org/&quot;&gt;watin.org&lt;/a&gt; (down at the moment, though the problem seems to be under investigation) at least implying that there were multiple test recording solutions, though &lt;a href=&quot;http://watintestrecord.sourceforge.net/&quot;&gt;WatiN Test Recorder&lt;/a&gt; was considered best, but I have been unable to find them.  Are there any?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if I cannot make these tools work for us, what are good alternatives that meet the requirements I have stated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1120" OwnerDisplayName="Andrew" LastActivityDate="2011-08-12T19:35:22.490" Title="Need to make WatiN work for us, or need to find a different tool" Tags="&lt;watin&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1601" CreationDate="2011-08-11T20:00:44.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have moved on to Selenium and the WebDriver for unit tests. I have not tried to record anything in the FireFox IDE as I am comfortable with writing tests in JUnit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Ken Brittain" LastActivityDate="2011-08-11T20:00:44.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1601" CreationDate="2011-08-12T08:10:57.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, please take a look on the following great blog post: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.telerik.com/testing/posts/11-08-10/keep-your-tests-dry.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Keep Your Tests DRY&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The post refers to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page Object&lt;/a&gt; pattern that helps to make you code clean. I am doing automation on WatiN and using this pattern instead of step by step recording and copy pasting the clicks on the user login screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IE Developer  – that’s all what I need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, WatiN is good  only if your application should supports IE and/or Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a framework with support for all modern browsers – please, consider Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2011-08-12T08:10:57.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1604" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-12T16:34:47.730" Score="4" ViewCount="2672" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use isVisible() within a loop to create a waitForElement type of a function for my iOS UIAutomation. When I try to use the following code, it fails while waiting for an element when a new screen pops up. The element is clearly there because if I do a delay(2) before tapping the element it works perfectly fine. How is everyone else accomplishing this, because I am at a loss...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the waitForElement code that I am using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function waitForElement(element, timeout, step) {&#xA;        if (step == null) {&#xA;                step = 0.5;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        if (timeout == null) {&#xA;            timeout = 10;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        var stop = timeout/step;&#xA;&#xA;        for (var i = 0; i &amp;lt; stop; i++) {&#xA;                if (element.isVisible()) {&#xA;                        return;&#xA;                }&#xA;                target.delay(step);&#xA;        }&#xA;        element.logElement();&#xA;        throw(&quot;Not visible&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1126" LastActivityDate="2012-10-23T18:46:58.397" Title="iOS UIAutomation UIAElement.isVisible() throwing stale response?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1819" CreationDate="2011-08-12T16:43:25.750" Score="6" ViewCount="1391" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have two TFS servers, one we use for testing the output of our developers, and one we use for testing features in TFS. The main problem with this is that it means I have to create new test cases to test TFS functionality, on top of the ones I have to create for testing our product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ideal case would obviously be to use the same test cases that we have already written, as we tend to test manually first and then automate while we wait for the next piece of functionality to be written, so by the time we come to test a new way of automating tests, we've got the test cases written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second upside to this would obviously be that once we had written our proof of concept, we can transfer the automated tests back to the production server, and instantly having something useful, rather than just a proof of concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few tools online for transferring test cases from one TFS server, but I don't know whether I should trust them. I tried one that was mentions on MSDN - &lt;a href=&quot;http://tcmimport.codeplex.com/&quot;&gt;Test Case Migrator Plus&lt;/a&gt; - however I can't seem to get it to work. I have also tried exporting test cases to an excel query, changing the  sheet's xml file within the xlsx file to change the server, and then publishing. This worked... To a degree. The test cases were there, but each one only had one step, with both the test steps and expected outcomes concatenated together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me there must be some way of capturing the data before excel mangles it and sending it to the other server, but I'm really at a loss - I'm considering writing them in by hand, but that is obviously going to be a fairly large burden going forwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't imagine I'm the only one with this issue...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastActivityDate="2011-09-23T04:20:11.630" Title="How to transfer Test Cases from one TFS2010 server to another" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1601" CreationDate="2011-08-12T17:37:09.370" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key question here is, &quot;Why are you using Record and Playback techniques, rather than coding your tests using Page Objects?&quot;  I can think of two reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your team lacks the technical skill to code tests in C# without using Record and Playback.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You just didn't realize that there are other ways to create automated UI tests that are more robust and much, much easier to maintain (and faster, after a little initial effort).  However, you have testers who can write quality code without relying entirely on record-and-playback.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team fits into category #1, your best option may be to record everything you can in Selenium using Firefox, then use IE developer, some common sense, and maybe some help from developers to fill in the bits that don't work in FireFox.  Then you can set the automation to run in IE (I'm afraid I don't know how, but I've done this before), and actually run your automation against the correct browser.  Be aware when doing this that Record and Playback testing like this is intrinsically fragile and difficult to maintain, and choose the areas of the UI that you will be testing wisely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team fits into category #2, you have a much better option, which Dmitry gave in his answer.  This solution - coded Page Objects - works with either Selenium RC or WatiN.  Testers who don't also think of themselves as developers tend to prefer Selenium, possibly due in part to the ability to use Record and Playback to get hints about how to develop, while developers tend to like the rich library of WatiN.  Selenium probably has the stronger support in the tester community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is &lt;a href=&quot;http://watinandmore.blogspot.com/2009/06/introducing-page-class.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a discussion of the Page Object design using WatiN&lt;/a&gt;.  You should also read the post about &lt;a href=&quot;http://watinandmore.blogspot.com/2010/01/browserattachto-and-iattachto.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;attaching a Browser&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://watinandmore.blogspot.com/2009/06/page-class-gets-friends.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the FindBy attribute&lt;/a&gt;.  Dmitry has good links for Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-08-12T17:37:09.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1601" CreationDate="2011-08-12T19:35:22.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the automation needs revolve around automation and IE one option is Visual Studio Ultimate, which does have record and playback with some options for coding, so while the Tester gets used to the interface eventually there is the same environment for coding the tests in C# or even using the CodedUI modules to creature reusable functions/modules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't mention cost, and VS Ultimate is not cheap unless you have the right MSDN subscription, so I put it out there as an option I am using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I have also used Visual Studio (not Ultimate) to write tests using Selenium, recently I have converted over to the Selenium 2 webdriver and it's pretty slick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-08-12T19:35:22.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1608" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-13T06:29:23.443" Score="6" ViewCount="308" Body="&lt;p&gt;A discussion with friends recently wandered on to the topic of tests that are executed yet whose results are never used. Why bother running them? Why bother even writing them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thinking&lt;/strong&gt; of them we all agreed is useful - we do that all the time, think of a test we could run, and then decide not to run it for any number of reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually executing it, though - or even write it out - seems less useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of us said &quot;Well, auditors might want to see the results&quot;, to which I replied &quot;Then you're using the results, aren't you?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone else said &quot;You might need the results later, so you run the test now just in case&quot;, to which I replied &quot;YAGNI&quot; (You Aren't Going To Need It).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Rule of Three states that there are at least three distinct reasons to run such a test; I'm trying to puzzle out what they might be. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastEditorUserId="1129" LastEditDate="2011-08-14T00:37:17.607" LastActivityDate="2011-08-21T16:16:14.753" Title="Why bother writing/executing a test whose results will never be used?" Tags="&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1609" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-13T06:43:10.977" Score="6" ViewCount="864" Body="&lt;p&gt;At CAST2011, Chris Blain spoke about troubleshooting tips he's found helpful as a tester. Ones I especially identified with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Model&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take no one's word, and make no assumptions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for other causes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask who, what, where, when, to what extent - about everything&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debug as well as the developer you respect the most&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other troubleshooting tips you've found helpful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T22:15:49.800" Title="Favorite troubleshooting tips for testers?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-03-05T17:17:26.823" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1610" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-13T06:56:35.017" Score="22" ViewCount="2030" Body="&lt;p&gt;A common question from the testers I mentor is &quot;When do I stop investigating on an issue, log a defect with everything I've found/determined so far, and hand it over to dev?&quot; I have yet to come up with an answer I think is reasonable - a heuristic that I feel will work well enough enough of the time. Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1129" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T21:22:49.803" Title="How does a tester decide how much debugging/investigation to do before handing an issue over to development?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;culture&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1608" CreationDate="2011-08-13T07:59:12.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the tests are relevant enough they might do you good after you run them and they fail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would image that after they fail the results WILL be interesting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a bunch of auto tests who were doing a bunch of tests of which nobody cared about. It always sent green results. Everyday or so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then one day a red email arrived. Image the trouble it caused ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So run them until they fail. If they don't fail then at least be happy that you in your heart covered these possibilities too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2011-08-13T07:59:12.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-08-13T08:12:37.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yea, Good Question. Answer to this questions depends on multiple factors. There is no golden rule to say this is the level of investigation required. I will share my experience on this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a Tester, Do you agree if the steps provided, details provided are good enough for your peer to repro/verify and agree if this is a bug. It is more of a personal satisfaction. In case if details are not complete it is going to be in a to-and-fro communication again between Dev and Steps before actually arriving at root cause/ bug repro steps&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the number of bugs opened by a tester are closed as 'Not Repro', 'Not a bug / By Design', 'Environmental Issue' then it is certainly an indication of 'Improvement' from QA to provide more details and not to miss a 'Valid Defect' released to production&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A bug if it has clear mapping to functional spec for the missing functionality, clear repro steps, Snapshots if it is not consistent, log file entries in debug mode, envrionment in which application is deployed would be helpful for the developer to investigate the issue. End goal is to identify / investigate the issue to identify the issue. If your steps provided are good enough for developer to get started with repro and code fix this would save time required to investigate and confirm if it is a bug&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You observe some behavior which is not inline with expected results for a test case&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check whether the issue is consistently occuring, Classify whether it is a design issue / requirement issue / environmental issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Depending on which bucket it falls it do further investigation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Example #1 - If it is environmetal issue, you need to check in 32-bit/62 bit if there is any change in behavior, Depending on settings on software installation in system does this behavior change&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example #2 - requirement issue - Verify for this particular scenario what is expected in requirements, If it does not explictly call out any behavior. Based on other scenarios if you can arrive at what is expected vs what is actual that should be a good place to log defect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this provides some clarity and direction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2011-08-18T05:17:13.327" LastActivityDate="2011-08-18T05:17:13.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-08-13T09:01:42.693" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found Jerry Weinberg's comments about pinpointing in &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0932633692&quot;&gt;Perfect Software: And other illusions about testing&lt;/a&gt;&quot; really helpful. (My copy's at work, so this is from memory).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jerry comments that responsibility for pinpointing a bug's exact location sometimes lies with the programmers, and sometimes with the testers. In my experience, the most trouble occurs when it isn't clear who should be doing what, &lt;em&gt;especially&lt;/em&gt; when that means a management battle over who should be spending their team's budget on that work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that it's difficult to come up with a heuristic that works well for an individual tester, because deciding where responsibility for pinpointing should lie isn't a decision that an individual tester should be making: it's a &lt;em&gt;management&lt;/em&gt; decision. The amount of time that pinpointing takes can be very unpredictable, and it can take considerable time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Yes, if you have a team that's empowered to make their own decisions about where they allocate their resources, it can be a team decision. In my current environment, it hasn't actually been an issue yet - in my opinion that's because we don't have separate programming and testing teams, we all work in the same room, and we work pretty closely together on tracking down tricky bugs.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I did have to discuss where responsibility for pinpointing lay, I'd want to get some programmers, some testers, and whoever's responsible for resource allocation (the PM, product owner, dev/test team managers), and consider the following factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testability of the product: how easy is it to track down the bug - do you have good logging, enough control over your test environment to control some variables, ability to set up test data easily?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ratio of&#xA;programmers/testers: if you have one tester to six programmers, and they spend all their testing time pinpointing bugs, they're not going to discover very many new bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Relative skill levels of programmers and testers (do you have a high turnover in programming, and a relatively experienced test team? Or vice versa?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Relative levels of understanding of the whole system in the programming and test teams.  (Do the programmers work only on their own component and have very little exposure to the systems that interacts with? What about the testers?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long is the feedback loop between testers and programmers? Can you talk directly to build up a better understanding of what information you both need? How long on average is it between a tester raising an issue, and a programmer picking it up to fix it? Is the programmer out of context by then? Is the tester?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also some very thoughtful discussion on &lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/blog/2009/12/who-does-the-pinpointing/&quot;&gt;this blog post about pinpointing&lt;/a&gt;, which mentions some of the factors above and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-08-13T09:01:42.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1608" CreationDate="2011-08-13T11:52:01.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;results are never used&quot; actually mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you executed a test and it crashed the system, you would write a bug report, wouldn't you?  In that case, the result is used.  If the test executed and found no errors, then you have used the result to decide not to write a bug report.  In both cases, the results are indeed used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You execute a test only because you are interested in the results.  If you somehow are certain that you are not interested in the results - no matter what those results might be - then don't execute the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-08-13T11:52:01.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1609" CreationDate="2011-08-13T11:54:58.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's another tip:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make your findings public, so that others can pitch in, make suggestions, amplify, or otherwise provide aid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-08-13T11:54:58.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1608" CreationDate="2011-08-13T13:32:55.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very strange question. Surely, if we accept your premise that the test results will never be used -- never used by anyone, for any reason, at any point in time -- we must conclude that there is no point in running the test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know why you posted this question.  What kind of reply do expect from us?  &quot;You may want to run the test because it is winter and the heat has gone out and the only way to stay warm is by running this test while holding your hands over the CPU.&quot; &quot;No&quot;, you will say, &quot;the heat generated by the CPU is a kind of test result, and I already said the test results will never be used, therefore you cannot warm your hands this way.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then someone else will answer, &quot;Perhaps you are at war with Iran, and you know the computers that run their nuclear fuel reprocessing plant run on battery power, and this test uses lots of CPU time, so if you run the test on their computers, you can exhaust the batteries, shut down their nuclear reprocessing plant, prevent them from building nuclear weapons, and win the war.&quot;. And you will reply, &quot;Exhausting the batteries is a kind of test result, and I told you the test results will never be used, therefore you cannot exhaust the batteries this way.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you expect someone to answer, &quot;What if I want to run the test just so that it produces results?&quot; and you will say, &quot;No, if you have the desire to produce the results then actually producing them is a way to satisfy that desire, and therefore is a way to use the results, and I just said you cannot do that.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it is conceivable that your premise is wrong.  Perhaps it would be a better to give an example of a test whose results you believe will never be used, and ask us whether we agree with you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-08-13T13:32:55.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1594" CreationDate="2011-08-13T13:45:44.957" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Caveat: I've discussed and thought about testing playbooks a little - I'm not convinced that I necessarily have the same interpretation as others, partly because there hasn't been enough discussion of the idea (that I'm aware of, would love references if people have them) for a consensus to develop. This is my best attempt at this point in time, it will undoubtedly change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I loved the idea of a testing playbook when I heard James Bach talking about it on Twitter last year:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;a testing playbook is a tool for sapient testing&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot; I want something much less expensive to produce and maintain, while making my testing way better.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;A set of lists, tables, flows, combos-- a compact reference that allows me to do thorough exploratory testing.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;It is an aid to test design as well as test performance.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, this is essentially a way of gathering under my nose when I'm testing, everything that might feed into generating new testing ideas as I test, or help me to see alternate ways of structuring the tests I'm doing. When I'm in a test session on something complex, I need to hold an &lt;em&gt;awful&lt;/em&gt; lot of information in my head - for me, getting some of that out of my head and onto paper or a wiki helps me to test more effectively. It also helps me ask for review of some of what I've gathered, and share it with my team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, I think the content of your testing playbook is going to be highly project specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, to give a few examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/implementing-a-testers&quot;&gt;For me on one project&lt;/a&gt;, had we gone with the playbook idea from the start, that would have been data models, mappings, our sketches of business scenarios, SQL queries common to a number of tests, procedural descriptions of how to setup some of our complex test data, and so on. &#xA; - Context: data-warehousing/business intelligence, very complex test&#xA;   data, legacy systems, need for close collaboration with developers/architects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's someone else &lt;a href=&quot;http://007unlicensedtotest.blogspot.com/2010/10/my-testers-playbook.html&quot;&gt;talking about his tester's playbook&lt;/a&gt;: lists, tester's models, scenarios, tech notes, notes on environment, and questions. Again, he uses this for collaboration purposes, so many of these are annotated as a result of discussions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here's a comparison of a scripted approach with a &lt;a href=&quot;http://atastefortest.blogspot.com/2010/08/exploratory-vs-scripted.html&quot;&gt;more exploratory approach using a playbook&lt;/a&gt;, with a good description of how compiling the playbook involves a lot of discussion with developers and architects about risk areas, oracles, testability deficits, dependencies and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-08-13T13:45:44.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-08-13T13:50:10.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without knowing more about you, your organization, and your project, it is very difficult for an outsider to propose a heuristic that you will think is good enough.  However, if you are willing to work closely with the relevant parties in an honest, open-minded way, and if you are willing to challenge all of your premises, you may eventually arrive at a conclusion that satisfies you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-08-13T13:50:10.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-08-14T08:42:04.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The general rule I try to follow is &quot;Respect everyone's Time&quot; - one of the lessons I remember from the great book &quot;Lessons Learned in SW testing&quot;. This is what that comes in mind when I advice my team members whether to continue investigation or not and when negotiating the amount of help I give to development team on debugging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1133" LastActivityDate="2011-08-14T08:42:04.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1609" CreationDate="2011-08-14T12:11:24.717" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Along the lines of Joe - discuss with others and don't be reluctant to bring in an extra pair of eyes. This helps with &quot;make no assumptions&quot; and is a good de-focusing exercise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter how well we try not to make assumptions it is quite easy to slip into them without realizing. Therefore, describing your findings and approach to someone else is very productive - it opens you up to questioning yourself - the other pair of eyes asking, &quot;why did you do that?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some more thoughts related to showing your working are here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testers-headache.blogspot.com/2010/06/showing-your-thinking-or-thought.html&quot;&gt;http://testers-headache.blogspot.com/2010/06/showing-your-thinking-or-thought.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1134" LastActivityDate="2011-08-14T12:11:24.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1621" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-15T05:25:24.477" Score="3" ViewCount="822" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should i validate my controls in Testcomplete by using the checkpoints.&#xA;MY issue is i want that the user should insert only String in certain textboxes and if any numeric or special symbols are inserted than it should give error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1138" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-08-15T12:32:30.300" LastActivityDate="2011-08-15T12:49:48.447" Title="How to create Testcases and Validate the controls in Testcomplete" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1621" CreationDate="2011-08-15T12:49:48.447" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most basic answer can be found in the help documentation on &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/support/viewarticle/11035/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;property checkpoints&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/support/viewarticle/11036/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;object checkpoints&lt;/a&gt;.  However, from there it depends upon whether or not your control exposes a property that specifies the restrictions you place on the control.  If such a property exists, it's easy then to create one of those checkpoints on the property and call the comparison code during your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If such a property does not exist, then you'll have to create a test (either keyword or script) that will input data into the control and then check for the error message.  The specifics of how to check for the error message will depend a lot on how your application generates them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of a VERY simple test is something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function CheckStringInput(aControl, aInputString)&#xA;{&#xA;    aControl.Keys(aInputString)&#xA;    if (MyApp.WaitChild(&quot;ErrorForm&quot;, 5000).Exists) &#xA;    {&#xA;        Log.Warning(&quot;The error for a bad string was displayed for string&quot; + aInputString)&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a VERY simple test, mind you, and probably doesn't cover all the possibilities.  For that matter, it doesn't check to see if the form should come up or not depending upon the string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, GUI validation tests such as this I find more trouble than they are worth when it comes to creating automated tests.  They are low risk for the most part in that, if the proper validation does not happen on the control, it doesn't necessarily create serious problems down the road.  For that matter, usually once a form is created and all such things are corrected, the GUI is rarely, if ever, touched again and regression tests of the GUI end up simply being a &quot;busywork&quot; exercise with little or no ROI. If I have nothing better to do with my automation, I write GUI validation code like this but I find that the processing code such as calculating a sales tax, verifying that SQL triggers are properly fired, etc., are much higher risk and give a greater ROI than GUI validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-08-15T12:49:48.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-08-15T12:54:50.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something else I've not seen mentioned here is the experience of the tester.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I've been in my current job over 10 years, I'm going to understand the application, log files and database much better than someone we hired 1 year ago.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My ability to dig further &amp;amp; provide more infomation is just a function of my time.  A newbie may not know about debugging options or log files or other things I do.  And there are other testers much more skilled and experienced than I who's bug reports will be better than mine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-08-15T12:54:50.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1627" CreationDate="2011-08-16T02:34:22.500" Score="16" ViewCount="8204" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a bit of a general question. I'm trying to practice my testing skills and perhaps get some better experience with manual testing mature applications. In particular, I'm interested in desktop applications. One good place to do this is with open source projects, particularly those in need of dedicated/semi-dedicated testers. While I know every open source project has its own culture around it, with differing levels of maturity, are there any general tips for OSS testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:55:57.723" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T09:19:26.583" Title="Testing in Open Source Projects" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1624" CreationDate="2011-08-16T05:44:54.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your the first one to offer testing on the product then get in contact with the owner, with a list of tests you see could be developed. They will have other ideas and you will work out a strategy between you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at a few test suites you could employ to help out, we use TestLink, its good for running tests but the UI ... is open source ... if you wanted to test it and complain about how impossible it is to use, specifcally loging in and out to different roles in order for someone in a small team to wear more than 1 hat ... that would be awesome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kjross.com.au/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.kjross.com.au/&lt;/a&gt;, from there you may find something useful in their blogs, we work with them and they are pretty active in the testing space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="964" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T05:44:54.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1591" CreationDate="2011-08-16T06:20:49.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;RTL (right to left) or bi-directionality is a property of the textbox or edit control. The Turkish &quot;i&quot; issue is an common character mapping problem in ANSI encodings or thinking between Unicode and ANSI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several important things to check for Unicode support such as&#xA;- Test using Unicode only language families such as the Indic languages&#xA;- Test for proper key sequencing and glyph manipulation with Indic, Arabic, Hebrew, etc.&#xA;- Test for character clipping with chars in the Thai and Vietnamese languages&#xA;- Test for support of surrogate pair characters&#xA;- Test input, display, file I/O, and OLE (copy/paste)&#xA;- Test appropriate utf encodings (e.g. UTF8, UTF16)&#xA;- Although not Unicode, for compliance in China check for GB 18030 support&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If general if a character displays as a square it usually means you don't have the proper font installed. If the Unicode characters show up as question marks you are not 100% Unicode enabled. If the Unicode chars turn to garbage then the code is likely converting to ANSI somewhere along the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T06:20:49.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1624" CreationDate="2011-08-16T06:34:20.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an end User you test, there is no specific rules to follow. Generally understand what are their requirements and set a work plan what different testing methods you could do with the application. Make sure you are aware of these techniques. You could go with their release notes, what changes they have made in the current version. Then you could test from functional to performance based on your skill and ability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastEditorUserId="1030" LastEditDate="2011-08-17T11:18:40.810" LastActivityDate="2011-08-17T11:18:40.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1578" CreationDate="2011-08-16T14:05:44.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using C# would lower the barrier to entry for the developers to start TDD/BDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T14:05:44.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1036" CreationDate="2011-08-16T14:15:48.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One would want to mock dependencies.  If A depended (ie used) B and C, one might need to mock B and C depending upon whether or not that particular test uses them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The creation of a mock is also not a one-time thing.  Mocks are used to test expectations and force certain behavior (eg function throwing an exception in order to test exception handling).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T14:15:48.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1630" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-16T14:17:40.827" Score="3" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;My code is something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function Controller(dep0, dep1) {&#xA;    dep0.call();&#xA;    dep1.call();&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test is something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function test() {&#xA;    dep0Mock = mock.create();&#xA;    controller = new Controller(dep0Mock, dep1Real);&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T22:07:04.337" Title="If a test mocks out one dependency but not another, is it still a unit test or does it become a functional test?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1630" CreationDate="2011-08-16T15:07:33.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A unit test is a type of a functional test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what distinction you are trying to make, or why it is important to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T15:07:33.970" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1578" CreationDate="2011-08-16T19:51:26.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is a very small company and you aren't mandated to use a specific tool set, I would choose whatever you prefer and what is easier for you to learn and be interested in.  They are asking you to test the software with the best tools available and that's up to you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, if you don't want to be expected to maintain the testing suite forever you might want to consider using tools that the development team is experienced in using.  One would hope they would be skilled enough to switch between the two but as companies grow things get more specific as far as platforms.  This is based on my experiences though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you're primarily a Mac or Unix user (with your background as a web designer), I think you'll have an easier time with a tool that runs natively in a Unix-like OS than having to be rolled into the .Net experience.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, as things grow up you may want to consider how testing is viewed (e.g. do you need pretty charts and graphs to spoon-feed product status to upper management? If so, you may want to look at tool sets that support that kind of feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1145" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T19:51:26.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1609" CreationDate="2011-08-16T21:37:30.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask, &quot;Why?&quot; And keeping asking why until you've arrived at the real root cause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2441" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T21:37:30.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1630" CreationDate="2011-08-16T22:07:04.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For deciding if a test is a unit test or a functional test, I think I would consider the test's intent and how it is going to be used.  I would look especially to practical differences caused by not mocking this dependency.  Should this test be run frequently, or can it wait until after a new build is released to test?  Does this test run quickly, even with the dependency?  Is the dependency at least 99.9% reliable?  Unit tests should be easy to run frequently, and they should very rarely fail unless there is a real bug.  A unit test that fails due to a dependency is a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this also depends on company culture, and I would recommend asking a more senior testing in your own company (if anyone is available).  A good developer who has been there for a while might also have an opinion.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T22:07:04.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1609" CreationDate="2011-08-16T22:15:49.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; by Cem Kaner et al is a classic source for this kind of wisdom.  If you want testing advice from experienced testers, it's a great place to start.  You might not agree with everything, but it will get you thinking about how you approach testing in new ways - and that's really the intent of the book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T22:15:49.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1118" CreationDate="2011-08-16T22:53:48.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the key to your question is &quot;web application&quot;.  So we should not be directly concerned with which cloud you use or even latency.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing can mean different things to different people.  I see it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing speed of pages&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Load testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to know how the application performs in the view of users. Slow pages lower your revenue and customer satisfaction. To see the direct correlation, see these great &lt;a href=&quot;http://performance-testing.org/performance-testing-statistics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;performance testing statistics&lt;/a&gt;. Metrics like rendering time or response time are what your users care about.  These measurements are what performance testing tools provide for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend you analyze the performance of individual pages first.  Use a tool like YSlow, webpagetest.org, Yottaa.com, or Load.in.  These will show you the many aspects of speed for one page - connection time, when the page starts to render, when the document is fully loaded, and all of the ancillary files such as images, CSS, Javascript, and XML.  Run performance tests on all of your important, high-traffic pages.  Make improvements such as caching, compression, shrinking images, or using a CDN.  Most of these tools will provide detailed suggestions for speeding up the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, and just as importantly, you should load test your entire site.  Create realistic test scenarios/scripts that take actions on your site like actual users.  Be especially sure to interact with your application in ways that stress your database because it is the most common bottleneck.  Turn on the slow query log and review it to find any expensive joins or just bad SQL.  Ramp up the load test volume from a small number to a large number.  This allows you to see at what load the application starts to slow down or generate errors.  Look for steep curves in response times that indicate &quot;hitting a wall&quot; for system performance. This can point you to a configuration limitation such as running out of database connections.  Good cloud load testing tools include: LoadStorm, Browsermob, and Soasta.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing for web applications should focus on the user perspective.  Be sensitive to errors and outliers of average response times.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.  Lots of good resources on the same performance-testing.org site.  Blogs, downloads, tool lists, articles, and industry news.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="706" LastActivityDate="2011-08-16T22:53:48.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1346" CreationDate="2011-08-17T07:29:06.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Concentrate on Design/ UI issues mainly, Check for CSS style issues, Check how the session and cookies are handled in IE9 to test remember me function or auto singout, I got one problem with this in IE9. IE9 compatibility with various scripts like java script, Ajax or JQuery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2011-08-17T07:29:06.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1638" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1688" CreationDate="2011-08-17T08:11:23.020" Score="3" ViewCount="506" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which unit testing framework would you use in Borland C++Builder 2006?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="869" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T16:00:50.173" Title="Unittesting in Borland C++Builder 2006" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2011-08-17T09:07:08.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience it is always good to have detailed steps. This allows testers without knowledge of the product to run the test cases by simply executing the prewritten test cases and filling in the results. This is also helpful when you want to outsource executing the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-04T15:42:07.143" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T15:42:07.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1641" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1659" CreationDate="2011-08-17T09:08:46.840" Score="4" ViewCount="11025" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given a test plan tree with test cases in folders and subfolders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I filter the grid view to only display all tests in a specific folder tree?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intention: update a field of these tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1154" LastEditorUserId="1154" LastEditDate="2011-08-22T10:46:32.957" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T00:28:41.957" Title="How to filter QC test plan grid view to tests in specific folder tree" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="396" CreationDate="2011-08-17T09:36:59.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper ways are, Do a Exploratory testing, understand the business needs and the impacts, interact with programmers, clients, use your own knowledge to get the things right.&#xA;Eg. for a shopping cart website you could check how amazon.com works for various commonly accepted functions like product search, display etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2011-08-17T09:36:59.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2011-08-17T09:53:23.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main benefit is that a tester who can read code may be able to root cause bugs, not just report them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the coding skills involved this may not be true for all applications, but likely would for web applications since it deals with technologies such as JQuery, JavaScript, CSS, HTML, etc. that are sometimes considered to have a shorter learning curve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As another example, if you know some SQL, you have the advantage of knowing what is written in SQL procedures, keys, joins, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, it is better to have some knowledge than to have 100% or 0% knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One risk is that if you have more programming skills, at times you will be distracted by ideas to improve the code and forget your role of finding potential bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, not having programming skills won't hurt you as a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T04:45:13.023" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T04:45:13.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-08-17T11:05:14.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure there is a single heuristic to apply here. Some of the things I do (assuming this isn't something super-obvious like &quot;open this form and get an access violation&quot;) are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I make it happen every time? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have I streamlined the sequence of actions to make the problem happen to the bare minimum?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have I ruled out incorrect configuration or corrupt data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the application log give me any useful information? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I increase the logging available to get more information?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has anyone else reported this problem? (this is often the first check - if there's already a bug report, there's no need to spend time determining all of the above, unless the existing bug report doesn't provide enough information in my opinion).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How critical is it to the system? (Particularly when I'm testing development work in progress, I'll simply ask the developers to take a look at something that's not critical if/when they get time rather than put in a detailed bug report - and save the bug reporting for released software)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much time do I have to spend tracking this down? (always cross-referenced against how critical the problem is)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much time do the developers have to spend tracking this down? (again, cross-referenced against how critical it is)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How likely is it a user would encounter this problem? (I'll admit, this is usually a partially-educated guess)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do I need to include a screenshot?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do I need to include a video showing the sequence of events?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there active development in this part of the software (quite often if something is impacted by a development in progress, the bug will go away without any further action)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, I try to triage first, looking for consistency, seriousness, and impact. Something with high rankings on all three (say, a particular kind of product with tax configuration X always miscalculates tax on returns) will get more detailed information than the bug where you have to hop three times with your left hand on the top of your head and... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing to remember is that unless your organization enforces a &quot;wall&quot;, your tester simply asking a developer what information they need to find a problem makes a big difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Enough&quot; information varies for each bug: if I can point the developer to the source of the problem, that's great, but if I can't then I give what I need to do to reproduce it and cross my fingers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-08-17T11:05:14.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1646" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-08-17T11:11:45.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Discuss about Load and Performance Test Tools, Java Test Tools, Link Checkers, HTML Validators, Free On-the-Web, HTML Validators, and PERL and C Programs for Validating and Checking, Web Functional/Regression Test Tools, Web Site Security Test Tools, External Site Monitoring Services, Web Site Management Tools, Log Analysis Tools, Mobile Web/App Testing Tools, Other Web Test Tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastEditorUserId="1030" LastEditDate="2011-08-17T18:30:09.610" LastActivityDate="2011-08-17T18:30:09.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1647" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-08-17T11:11:45.487" Score="0" Body="For issues related to tools that support testing." OwnerUserId="1030" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:40:29.940" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:40:29.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-18T10:42:30.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qaliber&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fone monkey&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sikuli&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestMaker &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;T-Plan robert&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eggplant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Routinebot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Quest pro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;M-eux &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Device Anywhere&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T11:19:29.103" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T11:19:29.103" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-08-18T10:42:30.007" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1608" CreationDate="2011-08-18T13:14:11.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;-You are under contract to run N tests, or to run this particular test (but not provide results).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-The testing equivalent of a filibuster. You know that if you do too much testing you will find more bugs and jeopardize the release so you run tests with no value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-So that someone can learn the system in a zero consequence environment. I don't think this is the best way to learn a system, but I have seen this done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1159" LastActivityDate="2011-08-18T13:14:11.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-18T14:53:12.967" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQAForums&lt;/a&gt; has a number of forums specifically dedicated to different tools and testing techniques.  In their &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/postlist.php?Cat=0&amp;amp;Board=UBB29&amp;amp;page=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile Apps - PDAs &amp;amp; Embedded Systems&lt;/a&gt; forum, they've posted a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/showflat.php?Cat=0&amp;amp;Number=642037&amp;amp;an=0&amp;amp;page=0#Post642037&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sticky thread&lt;/a&gt; that documents the current list of tools that have been compiled by users on those forums.  As I understand it, the moderator of that particular forum keeps that list relatively up to date and is adding to it based upon comments by other members.  That might be a good resource to go to in order to find a current list of tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-08-18T14:53:12.967" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-08-18T14:53:12.967" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1624" CreationDate="2011-08-19T17:21:15.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Widely-used open-source software (e.g. Apache and Firefox) may be thoroughly and methodically tested because of the size of its user base and because employers may be willing to pay testers to test it.  However, most open source projects rely on volunteers who tend to test only the aspects of the project that they care about.  (One can argue about whether this is a good thing; perhaps features that are the most frequently used will be most likely to be tested.  On the other hand, features that are hard to test may not be tested because no volunteer feels like testing them.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most open source projects do not have a test plan.  In an environment with a lot of turnover, it is good for things to be written down so that there is some continuity among practices.  If you contribute a well-written test plan -- even if only for certain aspects of the software -- you will provide the project a valuable service.  You will also have a writing example your resume can refer to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-08-19T20:47:13.627" LastActivityDate="2011-08-19T20:47:13.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1624" CreationDate="2011-08-19T21:12:22.320" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;walking in your shoes, first things I'd check in an OSS project are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;whether they use issue tracker. If a project ignores issue tracking it's highly unlikely to be useful to &lt;em&gt;practice testing skills&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;whether their issue tracker is active. If all they typically get is two-three bugs/year, then active tester participation would likely teach one how to handle &lt;em&gt;culture shock&lt;/em&gt; instead of testing practice&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;whether they actively fix the issues. If the best they can do is to fix 5-10 bugs in a year then it's basically impossible to practice one of the most important tester skills - verification of fixes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;what &lt;em&gt;checkpoints&lt;/em&gt; do they use to communicate the progress of issue resolution. If you see bugs tracked like &lt;em&gt;- discovered in revision 1234, - fixed in rev 5678, - verified in rev 91011&lt;/em&gt; - think twice if it's worth participation. Or better yet, get some of their known and fixed bugs and try to repeat the discovery and verification. Check how long it takes you to get the right revision checked out, built and installed. If it takes you several hours just to do that, consider your chances to practice &lt;em&gt;testing&lt;/em&gt; as pretty low&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1036" LastActivityDate="2011-08-19T21:12:22.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1608" CreationDate="2011-08-21T11:01:15.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd think of this as a progression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You write a test because you have a reason, if this reason does not exist you would not write it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You run a test because you have a result to obtain, if this result is not needed you would not run it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You report on a test because the data is required, if this data is not reported on then you would not include it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have any of these three, which is what I use to determine a test, then you can always go back to the step that caused you to write or run or report on the test.  If those demands have changed, and that happens, then the test might be obsolete but at one time it was needed for something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-08-21T11:01:15.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1608" CreationDate="2011-08-21T16:16:14.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Executing tests in which the results are never reported occur all the time with exploratory testing, bug bashes, dog-fooding, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Numerous tests executed while exploring are used at least by the person doing the testing, unless of course the person is simply &quot;guessing.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-08-21T16:16:14.753" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1657" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-22T00:17:59.163" Score="5" ViewCount="22270" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/362/a-way-to-match-on-text-using-css-locators/1656#1656&quot;&gt;A way to match on text using CSS locators&lt;/a&gt;, we should be able to use &lt;code&gt;&quot;^$&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to find exact text match using CSS locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But with: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;text&quot;&amp;gt;Trouble&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the following two (xpath and css without &lt;code&gt;&quot;^$&quot;&lt;/code&gt;) can find the element: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;css=div.item &amp;gt; div.text:contains(&quot;Trouble&quot;)&#xA;//div[@class='item']/div[@class='text' and text() =&quot;Trouble&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this one (with &lt;code&gt;&quot;^$&quot;&lt;/code&gt;) can not: &lt;code&gt;css=div.item &amp;gt; div.text:contains(&quot;^Trouble$&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did I miss anything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1170" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:06:04.080" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:06:04.080" Title="Selenium - Find exact text match using CSS locators" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1658" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1670" CreationDate="2011-08-22T10:15:09.913" Score="4" ViewCount="694" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team (40+ QA Engineers) executes functional, integration and automation testing services for a large customer. &#xA;We are not developing products, only test them.&#xA;We test various applications built by variuos development teams (which are teams on customer side or other outsourcing vendors) and testers need to ajust their work with the methodologies and processes implemented in each of that teams (so it varies from true scrum approach to some kind of waterfall..). We have projects with Test Cases such complex that passing one integration TC through all front-to-back systems may take 1 day. We have projects with large number of UI-related regression test cases where tester can pass 100+ in one day&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having all this differences is it a documented way to define &quot;Software Testing as a Service&quot; operation model and to develop metrics that can measure team success and improvement in a long term run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1172" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:55:42.927" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T05:58:54.573" Title="Best article/site to describe &quot;Software Testing as a Service&quot; concept and suggest comparable metrics" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1641" CreationDate="2011-08-22T10:25:44.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you looking for tests in Test Lab or Test Plan? (The title of this question is different from description)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should click on Filter button and define a filter by &lt;strong&gt;Subject&lt;/strong&gt; field. There is a dialog box to select proper subject from tree, but you can also tipe it manually in the way like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;^Subject\Folder\Subfolder^&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Test Lab you can do the same but use filter by &lt;strong&gt;Test Set Folder&lt;/strong&gt; field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1172" LastActivityDate="2011-08-22T10:25:44.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1660" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1681" CreationDate="2011-08-22T12:41:32.317" Score="6" ViewCount="10317" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to stop a thread in JMeter when some condition is satisfied. How can I do this?&#xA;I suppose there should be some method like &lt;code&gt;Thread.Stop()&lt;/code&gt; or something like this but can't find concrete info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1096" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T12:15:04.247" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T12:15:04.247" Title="How to stop thread in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1661" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1689" CreationDate="2011-08-22T13:07:21.747" Score="3" ViewCount="850" Body="&lt;p&gt;Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select a block of text in OneNote.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy to clipboard&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paste in Quality Center (defect description field or actual box of manual runner)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expected result: text is pasted in Quality Center.&#xA;Actual result: nothing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Workaround: copy paste to and from notepad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versions used: Microsoft OneNote 2010, Quality Center 10.00&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1154" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T07:21:57.160" Title="How to copy paste from OneNote to Quality Center?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1658" CreationDate="2011-08-22T17:26:50.390" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Offhand, I do not know of any relevant articles or sites, and I doubt I am better at using Google than you are.  At the risk of answering a different question, I offer some observations from my own experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is difficult to measure a QA team's success independent of the rest of the project team; their roles are too interdependent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One could quantify a &quot;software testing as a service&quot; team's success in financial terms (e.g. profit per team member, profit per project, revenue per project), and those measurements are important to someone in your company, but your question does not appear to be about finances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are metrics you might collect about your QA team that do not necessarily relate to testing.  For example, you might measure how satisfied your QA engineers are with their jobs, or how much turnover your team experiences.  The degree to which these metrics are important depends upon your organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possible measurement is to what degree your customers are referenceable.  You could measure this by asking your customer, &quot;Are you willing to write a positive reference for us?&quot;  You might also try to measure factors that, in your previous experience, have influenced whether a customer would be referenceable.  You already know what some of things are, and your best practices reflect that knowledge, e.g. how you write test plans, how you report bugs, and how you communicate with the customer.  As with all things, these factors will change over time, so you must be diligent about reviewing your metrics in light of recent experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-08-22T20:54:19.160" LastActivityDate="2011-08-22T20:54:19.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1658" CreationDate="2011-08-22T21:43:58.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always thought of software QA as enabling change. I.e. making changes less risky and thus enabling quicker turnarounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However there are clearly pleantly of QA practices that build up brittle tests so rather than enabling change, they prevent changes (for example large quantities of screen record / replay tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of testing needs to be aimed at the requirements of the client. For example SQL injection testing may not be required for internal software. As to making things rock solid in areas where if there was a bug it wouldn't matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So risk weighted testing. Maybe we can't automate the testing, but I bet there's a few dull bits that could be speed up? semi-automated testing...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most amount of confidence in the shortest amount of time.&#xA;Now how to metric that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-08-22T21:43:58.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1665" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-22T21:55:27.187" Score="3" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;Or how I learned to stop worrying and love the bomb.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each test is different. Some are big and talk to databases, others quick and self contained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We all know we'd prefer the fastest and most robust test that does the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is there a point in trying to seperate tests into different boxes marked performance tests or functional tests? What does this gain us?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastEditorUserId="911" LastEditDate="2011-09-14T22:13:24.503" LastActivityDate="2011-09-16T15:23:18.573" Title="Is my test a perf unit functional smoke test or something else?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-08-22T22:04:45.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd argue, that when you're thinking that question, it's the right time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But wait, if you can, bring them over and go through it with them - you've got it in a debugger - if they're in the building they'll understand and value the bug far more if the pair of you spend 10 mins debugging through together. Feel free to open up an issue for it, but comunication is best done face to face where possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm really arguing for is pair programming / pair testing. Once you're sure there's something wrong, walk it through with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-08-22T22:04:45.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1578" CreationDate="2011-08-22T22:28:33.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keep using the same two languages (KISS):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C#&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;English*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://specflow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://specflow.org/&lt;/a&gt; to have gerkin style text only tests. It's not fancy and there's very little to go wrong with it. Plays nicely with TeamCity etc as the tests are normal MSTest / NUnit test assembiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like them as they stop me getting side tracked with the implementation of the test,&#xA;and they lead you down the path of building up your own bespoke testing language. (what would my pefect testing language look like for this problem domain?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-08-22T22:28:33.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1668" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1673" CreationDate="2011-08-22T22:47:48.993" Score="12" ViewCount="280" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the more interesting dichotomies for testing is the contrast between trying to get standardisation across individual testers vs. applying context driven techniques that allow testers to apply the appropriate testing method to the context in which they are testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any advice on how to encourage and educate about context driven testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am concerned that I don't want to introduce the concept and have it descend into a situation like &quot;Agile&quot; development which has become an often misused term to mean &quot;no process at all and everyone just does what they feel like&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-06T01:05:56.467" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T01:05:56.467" Title="How can I better educate testers about context driven testing?" Tags="&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1669" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1686" CreationDate="2011-08-22T22:57:21.800" Score="22" ViewCount="2582" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the things that I used to do a few yeas ago was that whenever an employee started we would give them a personal copy of Steve McConnell's &lt;em&gt;Rapid Development&lt;/em&gt;, as well as a copy of &lt;em&gt;Microsoft Secrets&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason that we gave them these books was so that they would a) have a good knowledge of software the software development landscape (Rapid Development) and they would also know all about the daily build and smoke test practice (Microsoft Secrets, Chapter 5).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to start this practice again, with more testing focused titles, and I am looking for recommendations on what book to give.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Titles that come to mind are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Art of Software Testing&lt;/strong&gt; ... this is a bit too much Computer Science-ey for new starters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How we Test Software at Microsoft&lt;/strong&gt; ... &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/72/alan&quot;&gt;Alan&lt;/a&gt;'s (et. al.) book is great, but a bit too focused on specific topics, I am after something more general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe &lt;strong&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/strong&gt;, or &lt;strong&gt;Testing Computer Software&lt;/strong&gt; come to mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you could only give one book to a tester to teach them about testing, what would it be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2019-02-04T11:49:06.660" Title="If you could only give one book to a tester to teach them about testing, what would it be?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="20" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1658" CreationDate="2011-08-22T23:27:31.063" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a service, testing's product is information about the dev's product.  What you might be able to measure, then, is timeliness and quality of information about the product.  With so many different project types, you might not be able to compare between projects or testers easily, but maybe you can get some trends over time.  Here are some thoughts about specifics, drawn largely from metrics I've seen in the past when working with a &quot;service&quot; mentality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How fast can you get testing results back to the developers after a build?  This could include multiple times, such as the time to initial results (pass / fail), first-pass analysis (test issue, code issue, needs analysis, etc.), and final analysis (which could include more thorough bug reduction).  You might also want to consider if you are getting the most interesting (e.g., the riskiest) results out sooner.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How thoroughly are failures investigated?  Are developers just given a stack trace, logs, and test case number?  Are testers able to reproduce the bug and reduce it to the simplest possible set of steps that generates a consistent reproduction of the issue?  Note that there are trade-offs here, and some customers might prefer to pay you less and investigate their own issues as soon as they are detected - but long-term, bug-reducing and debugging skills are great for testers to build.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How many bugs are detected by your testing on the first pass, and how many are found later through other means?  How many are found by the testers, and how many by developers or - worse - users?  Automatically detected bugs are great signs.  Bugs found in exploratory testing are good signs if they should have been detected automatically but were still caught in-house on the first build where the bug existed; and great signs if they are &quot;weird&quot; bugs.  Bugs found outside the team or several builds later should be reduced as much as possible (but not punished . . . you don't want people to become afraid of reporting 'stale' bugs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How many of your automated tests are running at any given time, and how many are broken, blocked, or otherwise unusable?  When tests are broken for reasons other than being blocked by bugs, how long does it take to fix them?  This can help identify brittle tests or infrastructure issues that are technical debt, so you can fix them and quit 'paying interest' on them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How accurate are your time estimates?  How frequently does testing run long, and why does this happen?  How can you recognize risk factors for extended testing cycles and point them out to the client sooner?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How easy is it for the client to get information to and from testers?  Can they gather information 'on demand' from a web portal, or do they need to wait for a report to be emailed to them?  How do your clients feel about the transparency of the testing process?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it easy for clients to control the amount of testing and the areas being tested to control costs and time investments while mitigating risks?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you get a bad build, how quickly can you accurately report its non-testability to the client?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What do clients say on satisfaction surveys?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-08-22T23:27:31.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-08-22T23:50:40.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Beautiful Testing - Leading Professionals Reveal How They Improve Software&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This book gives a wonderful glimpse into the thoughts of leading testers like Lisa Crispin, Alan Page and many others on how beautiful software testing could be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-08-22T23:50:40.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-08-22T23:57:50.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That would depend on their skill, IMO, but I think you've identified the best books already.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Testing Computer Software'&lt;/strong&gt; is, IMO, best for total novices, though I feel it's getting older and have been looking for something more up-to-date to recommend.  'Testing' is too strongly tied to slower software development life-cycle models like waterfall in the later sections on documentation, and makes references to paper bug reports and other arcane and ancient processes.  However, it's still the best book I've seen for the basics like boundary testing, equivalence classes, white box / black box, areas of testing, and so forth.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tend to recommend &lt;strong&gt;'How We Test Software at Microsoft'&lt;/strong&gt; for testers with some experience already, because I think the challenge for skilled junior testers and mid-level testers is to get themselves thinking about the different ways they can approach a problem, and I think &quot;How We Test&quot; gives enough of a variety of techniques to help get people's minds churning.  Applying new techniques is a great first step towards thinking critically about the best way to test, like senior testers need to be able to do.  This might pair well with &lt;strong&gt;'Agile Testing'&lt;/strong&gt;, which fills a similar niche - or even be replaced by it, depending on your company's development style.  I like the combination of the two; they show very clearly how testing approaches can be very different and still get the job done well.  Both are geared towards testers who use some level of automation in their testing; I think there are some good books on exploratory testing that could be useful for manual testers at this stage of their career, but I don't know what they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Lessons Learned in Software Testing'&lt;/strong&gt; is my top pick for upper-mid-level to senior testers, closely followed by &lt;strong&gt;'Beautiful Testing'&lt;/strong&gt;.  'Lessons' is great for moving people from testing as their boss directs to thinking themselves about what the best way to test is, and why.  'Beautiful Testing' is great for going more in-depth into a variety of experienced testers viewpoints on specific topics, which gives a good feeling for the variety of skills that make up a truly great tester - from techniques to communication.  'Lessons' wins for me mainly because it covers more ground and offers more pieces of wisdom, although with less depth. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-08-22T23:57:50.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1668" CreationDate="2011-08-23T00:23:30.007" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might try these things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;encourage people to think about the last time they consulted a&#xA;testing standard or a canned process document and found it even&#xA;remotely important, helpful, and useful&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ask people if they would use the same approaches to testing a medical&#xA;device, vs. a game, vs. a financial institution, vs. an online dating&#xA;service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ask people whether they would use the same communication style with a&#xA;folksy, friendly programmer and a very capable but brusque prima&#xA;donna&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;point people to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.context-driven-testing.com&quot;&gt;http://www.context-driven-testing.com&lt;/a&gt;, and question&#xA;the principles for yourself, and encourage others to question them&#xA;too.  Note the explications that follow the principles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have people go through the BBST's foundations and bug advocacy&#xA;courses, which work on some of the issues you raise in depth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In all of this, it starts with you sharpening your own recognition and understanding-- your own study.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---Michael B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1176" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T00:23:30.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1674" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1684" CreationDate="2011-08-23T01:08:58.477" Score="34" ViewCount="44954" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a programming language to recommend to a friend considering teaching herself software testing.  I have a friend who is interested in learning software testing, and I believe strongly that today's testers absolutely have to have automation skills if they don't want to hit a glass ceiling after a few years (or become super-star exploratory testers . . . but not everyone wants the stress of &lt;em&gt;having&lt;/em&gt; to be a super-star).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't look to my own experiences, because I did a 4-year CSE degree that was geared toward developers, and my education isn't light-weight enough.  I want something relatively easy to learn that will give the tester the greatest bang for their buck in developing good, maintainable automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know Ruby is used for a couple of test tools - Watir and Cucumber - and something that works with Selenium, WatiN, or Watir would be good.  The two favorite languages locally for developers seem to be Java and C#, and she will be working locally.  Whatever she learns needs to have good resources for novices at programming to self-teach, whether those be books, online tutorials, or online communities.  Something that isn't too expensive to learn would probably be preferred ('free IDEs are available and there are good free tutorials and information to learn from' is ideal).  Also, something that is harder to write bad code in would be good, since I want her to be able to avoid brittle, unmaintainable tests.  She is highly motivated to learn, so a &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; useful language that will take 6 months of hard work to get a usable level of skill is preferable to a slightly useful language that she could use in a single month.  At the same time, any time she spends learning to program is time she could be spending practicing exploratory testing or learning other great test skills - so ease of learning does matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also - I do realize that programming is one very small piece of being a good tester.  I just have a better handle on self-teaching the rest of the testing skills, since I self-taught myself those areas and can pass on what worked for me or what I wish I'd known.  I don't want anyone to think I believe you can learn to be a good tester by just learning to program; rather, I just don't have a good handle on the easiest way to start programming as a tester since I started testing as a programmer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T10:56:25.930" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T14:39:19.683" Title="What programming languages are good for novice testers to learn?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;languages&gt;" AnswerCount="16" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1668" CreationDate="2011-08-23T02:29:17.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The education process depends upon the individual.  For some testers, it will suffice to point them at a stack of web pages, refer them to a book, or send them to a course. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For others testers, the best approach may be to spend a day (or a week) testing with them: let them drive, but give them suggestions on what to try, and take the time to explain your motivations.  This requires a time investment, and you need the right rapport: the teacher needs to be patient, a good communicator, and aware of their thought processes, and the student needs to be patient, inquisitive, and open to learning from the teacher.  In the right circumstances, this can be a powerful and productive technique.  (I once taught a young developer how to debug this way.  It was one of the more gratifying moments of my career.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T02:29:17.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-23T06:53:42.390" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend to start from JavaScript&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This language is not too complicated for beginners to start writing some very basic code. From the other hand it is a powerfull language that is used not only for client side but also for server side development. This language has a hidden potential and the popularity of its still growing, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://langpop.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://langpop.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also person knowing JavaScript can learn Java or C# , but in this case good understanding of OOO concept will be required&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a language it is used in different automation tools, like Selenium and there are a tone of tutorials (just google for 'JavaScript tutorial' and select what you want)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1172" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T06:53:42.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1677" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-23T06:58:59.270" Score="6" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have been working for a while on building a product for our clients and now it has reached a stage where we need to decide whether we are ready to go to market with it or not. One of the tasks which would enable us make that decision is to come up with an quality assessment of the product vis-a-vis some of leading products in the market. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have already started is (after identifying the target products) is to make a list of functional/non-functional features; on which all products are to be rated. A high level assessement of the quality is also on the list which would mean to drive these products through some of the critical use cases we have and prepare a report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know whether anyone has already done this kind of work and what approaches would work best in such a case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastActivityDate="2011-10-23T23:03:36.807" Title="Approaches to evaluate competitor products for making quality assessment" Tags="&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-23T06:59:15.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Get the OOPS concept first, Start with Java Script, VB Script. Before that it is good to know HTML, CSS styles. Once you are expert on these then go to Ruby Scripts, C#, later on to PERL scripts if you want to learn Security testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T06:59:15.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1677" CreationDate="2011-08-23T07:07:43.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Product Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Achieve product superiority over competitive products by continuously improve product performance and customer satisfaction. Also Monitor the potential threat levels posed by competitive products to understand competitive strengths and weaknesses.&#xA;You can also have an eye on Cost-reduce product formulations maintaining product superiority. Implicitly measure the effects of performance/quality.&#xA;Provide guidance to research and development in creating new products or upgrading existing products based on your learning. Monitor product quality from different people through proper channels.&#xA;You should also be good in predicting customer acceptance of new products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T07:07:43.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-08-23T07:13:40.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be &quot;Software Quality Assurance, From theory to implementation&quot; by Daniel Galin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T02:58:14.473" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T02:58:14.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1660" CreationDate="2011-08-23T08:44:25.653" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter thread can be stopped with standard JMeter sampler &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Action&quot;&gt;Test Action&lt;/a&gt;. There are 3 options: Pause, Stop and Stop Now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1096" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-01-09T20:41:31.283" LastActivityDate="2012-01-09T20:41:31.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-23T14:15:04.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a good argument for trying to use whatever language the devs are using, so to that end I'd suggest C#. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think that I really subscribe to the idea that you should start out with a 'gateway' language and work your way up - at the beginning learning programming you can tend to be very hung up on the syntax, rather than concepts, so trying to learn more than one language is a complication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C# has the free express visual studio IDEs, which are going to be packed with auto-completion and help files. I think there is some decent context for automated testing in C# from some of the microsoft testing blogs also. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1180" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T14:15:04.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-23T14:17:42.957" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;I kind of have the opposite experience: I learned some coding first then became a tester. My advice is that &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; programming/coding experience is beneficial for testing. Any way you can better understand what the application is doing in front of you, the better you can test it. Plus, specific tools and languages come and go in use and popularity: learning the fundamentals will age quite well in the long run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Programming languages comes in all shapes and sizes, but have some main things in common (usually) so seeing more is good. Plus if she's willing to learn, then larger ideas such as Object Oriented Programming, web and command scripting, programming style and code reuse will be helpful overall. Definitely look at scripting languages like Python or Perl: they can be indispensable for daily testing tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for specific suggestions, Python is a good language to start with. It's easily available and platform independent, which is great in the long run. It also has some mature testing tools (nose, unittest) and a large range of other libraries and tools (BeautifulSoup for HTML processing, Selenium tools). It also has a good community for help, and straightforward syntax. I've also heard good things about Ruby for similar reasons, and maybe the testing tools (Watir in particular) are more mature. I've recently learned a small bit of C#, and it's good as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T14:17:42.957" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-23T14:50:05.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The language's utility depends upon the type of automation.  For driving applications from the outside, or for interacting with a command line interface, a scripting language like Bash or PERL is hard to beat.  For interacting with an API, the API's own language is never a bad choice, especially if one has well-documented examples to learn from.  (I personally think Clojure is a better language than Java for testing a Java API, but I am not sure I would recommend this to a beginner.)  For testing web interfaces, JavaScript might the right language, or it might be a &quot;bigger&quot; language environment like Java or C#, assuming there are well-documented examples (or willing teachers) to learn from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T14:50:05.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-08-23T14:53:42.163" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I wanted to hand out one book to every tester entering my team, it would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/12/book-lessons-learned-in-software.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, I &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; hand out that book to everyone on the team!  I don't always agree with all the points in the book.  But I've found that it covers a wide-enough range of topics that it makes for great conversation around what we do, and the thinking behind why we do it that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-06-05T10:40:08.680" LastActivityDate="2012-06-05T10:40:08.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-08-23T15:40:53.473" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I had to recommend one book to teach &quot;about&quot; testing it might be &lt;em&gt;Testing Computer Software&lt;/em&gt; which as Ethel points out is a bit dated, or &lt;em&gt;Software Testing&lt;/em&gt; by Ron Patton.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if I had to recommend only one book to teach &quot;how&quot; to test (or how to think about test designs) it would be &lt;em&gt;Testing Object-Oriented Systems: Models, Patterns, and Tools&lt;/em&gt; by Robert V. Binder. (Like Myer's book this is &quot;Computer Science-ey&quot; as well, but software testing is a role in the computer science field after all).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T15:40:53.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1638" CreationDate="2011-08-23T16:00:50.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems like something that a search engine could help with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found this thread that may help - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tek-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=1411445&amp;amp;page=9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tek-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=1411445&amp;amp;page=9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I've used cppUnit for other c++ code and have been quite happy with it. I haven't used it with C++ builder, so ymmv.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T16:00:50.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1661" CreationDate="2011-08-23T16:05:14.243" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't use QC, but I've run across other apps that won't accept formatted text (or more often, there's something in the formatting they don't like, so they reject the entire paste command).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I run a utility called &lt;a href=&quot;http://stevemiller.net/puretext/&quot;&gt;PureText&lt;/a&gt; that enables me to paste the plain-text version of any clipboard text with a single keystroke (I use Win-v). It saves me from the notepad paste conversion routine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T16:05:14.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-23T18:58:17.420" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think any specific language is better or worse than any other, although I will say (from experience) that going from Java or any other &quot;pointerless&quot; language to one that does have pointers is not a pleasant experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that - the important parts of automation and coding are recognizing the problem that the code needs to solve, and being able to express the solution in a way that can be handled with a logical series of steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Object-oriented and data-driven are nice ways to handle the data that drives the steps, but the core is finding the bits the automation has to interact with, and the logic processing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My recommendation here would be to pick something that's got a lot of support and wide application, make sure the logical structures are learned (if-else, case statements, the various looping types and so forth), and it won't matter past what's currently most practiced what the language is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned programming this way, and I've never had much difficulty picking up new languages (I first learned Java, then Javascript with HTML, various other scripting languages, VBScript with ASP.NET, and I'm currently working with a script flavor of Delphi)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-08-23T18:58:17.420" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1668" CreationDate="2011-08-24T03:13:39.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In response to BJ Rollison:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To name but a few attempts to get something that I'd call &quot;standardization across individual testers&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingstandard.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://softwaretestingstandard.org/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://www.tmap.net/Home/&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tmmifoundation.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tmmifoundation.org/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://istqb.org/display/ISTQB/Home&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---Michael B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1176" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T03:13:39.983" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1677" CreationDate="2011-08-24T03:31:58.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would find out what differentiates my company's product in the market. What makes the product stand out amongst the other leading products? How is it unique and what are it's advantages and disadvantages compared to the competitors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the product doesn't have any key differentiators you may want to suggest a functionality that would help make it stand out. Also focus on bringing a good user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="570" LastEditDate="2011-08-24T19:20:16.793" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T19:20:16.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1693" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1709" CreationDate="2011-08-24T07:36:33.787" Score="5" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;What benefits do you see in using a dedicated testing language instead of a general purpose language for writing tests? What is the advantage of using TTCN-3 or a proprietary testing language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="869" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2011-08-24T08:50:14.977" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T10:09:36.130" Title="What are the benefits of using dedicated testing languages for writing tests?" Tags="&lt;languages&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-08-24T07:40:36.490" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on the skill level &amp;amp; background of the tester who is starting and maybe the direction you'd like to encourage them to go in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'&lt;strong&gt;Lessons Learned&lt;/strong&gt;' is a good one as it covers a broad range of topics and while some of it may go over the head of the novice tester it is still an excellent source of information and a resource you can return to time and again as your experience grows. It has aged reasonably well, in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was going to say '&lt;strong&gt;Perfect Software (and other illusions about software testing)&lt;/strong&gt; - Weinberg' would be a good one for a more experienced tester, but that one also has good content that a novice tester would benefit from. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'only 1' constraint makes me think books that cover a wide range of topics would be a higher priority. These fit quite well. If you're looking to groom a specialist, then perhaps something more specific to their field would be more appropriate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for asking the question. It reminds me I have a long book list that I have been ignoring for far too long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Rikard Edgren's effort '&lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/blog/2011/09/the-little-black-book-on-test-design/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Little Black Book on Test Design&lt;/a&gt;' looks like one I will be making a must read for my new testers. It's a very handy read in and of itself, and the number of similarly handy references that it cites makes it a work that I think will come to be greatly appreciated in fairly short order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="128" LastEditDate="2011-09-07T06:13:32.903" LastActivityDate="2011-09-07T06:13:32.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-24T07:49:52.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've mostly used Ruby and Python languages recently in my role as a tester, also would recommend learning command line scripting both on Unix/Linux and Windows machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="524" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T07:49:52.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1693" CreationDate="2011-08-24T08:57:02.640" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To paraphrase &amp;amp; quote &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.com.au/books?id=byZmT73R1a8C&amp;amp;pg=PT120&amp;amp;lpg=PT120&amp;amp;dq=testing+vendorscripts&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=rNBH5zCUt0&amp;amp;sig=-N_jj0CcAn_XD6U8e24u2bnSOv8&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=HrtUTof4Fe7KiAKhmbDTDA&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=5&amp;amp;ved=0CDgQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=testing%20vendorscripts&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in software testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;We see no compelling reasons for vendor scripts.&quot; ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;They make coding difficult&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;They are hard to learn&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;They interfere with the collaboration between developers and testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;It is hard to build on the work of others&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the book for the full description of these. I would personally add :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It makes recruitment more difficult as you need to search from a much smaller talent pool&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are beholden to the vendors skill as a language and software development environment provider.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are now locked in to a single vendor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I personally see no benefits. When you start talking about widely adopted, open, domain specific languages like Gerkin, that is a different story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T08:57:02.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1677" CreationDate="2011-08-24T11:15:30.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my understanding. When to refer quality I assume aspects are feature comparision in terms of usability, performance, security aspects of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;From end user perspective compare usability features of the product&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Technical perspective - Platforms supported, Operating Systems, Browsers supported, web servers supported, databases supported, After sales Product technical support, Ease of Deployment and maintenance&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;From Implementation perspective - Programming Languages the product support for feature enhancements, feasiblity of migration from existing product, effort required for migration&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For Performance perspective - How does both applications perform for same loads, User response during peak loads, run load tests and check&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other aspects to check &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cost Perspective - How applications caters to small/medium/enterprise versions in terms of cost and licensing aspects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can provide little more details on the application, domain it caters for detailed analysis. Typically when you compare multiple databases. When you visit each product site they would have provided comparision with other competitive products. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T11:15:30.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1212" CreationDate="2011-08-24T11:27:05.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Updating to reflect exit criteria for testing. You can look at MSDN article - &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg248101.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Adventures with Testing BI/DW Application: On a crusade to find the Holy Grail&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Critical areas to focus are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validating the ETL Scenarios for full, delta pull&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing with Production Data for multiple regions, multiple data sets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validating DataMarts, Reports results for the datasets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T10:31:16.150" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T10:31:16.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1693" CreationDate="2011-08-24T11:40:10.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Bruce - I see no benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I happen to be currently using a tool with a Basic-like proprietary language.  It's a terrific tool and does much of what I need.  The language is full-featured, easy to learn, and well suited to our tasks and our style.  I have no complaints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, it would be even better if it were non-proprietary language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T11:40:10.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-08-24T13:15:08.973" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just one book?  Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, by Robert Pirsig.  It talks about different meanings of quality, about analysis and synthesis, and about the diagnostic process.  There is a wonderful passage about writer's block that is as relevant to testers as to students in a writing class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T13:15:08.973" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1693" CreationDate="2011-08-24T14:27:34.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Proprietary testing languages are beneficial for those who sell proprietary testing languages.  They are also beneficial for certain consultants, technical book authors, technical conference speakers, and testers who need more words on their resume.  For all others, not beneficial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One would not test screws with a hammer.  In the same sense, for a given environment there will be a language that makes more sense for testing than another.  This is not because testing requires special language features or a simpler language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it is easier to express a test in a specialized language because the syntax of your default general-purpose-language gets in the way.  This is the exception rather than the rule. As much as they would like to help, the proprietary testing language vendor does not understand your tests well enough to help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T14:27:34.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1657" CreationDate="2011-08-24T19:40:53.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From typesetting standpoint, the following 3 cases are absolutely equal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;123&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;123&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;123&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while from the DOM standpoint, there are differences. The inner text from the first &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; is &quot;123&quot;, for the second one it's &quot;\n123&quot; and the third one is &quot;\n123\n&quot; (&lt;code&gt;\n&lt;/code&gt; stands for newline escape sequence). I have no idea which of these is yours, but in either case, you should try to handle all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The regular expression you use is only fine with the first one, while it won't match both the second and the third ones. The solution is, to handle white spaces in the beginning and in the end of your string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider using &lt;code&gt;^\s*Trouble\s*$&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;^Trouble$&lt;/code&gt;, to handle these cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;css=div.item &amp;gt; div.text:contains(&quot;^\s*Trouble\s*$&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1096" LastEditorUserId="1098" LastEditDate="2011-08-24T19:54:36.453" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T19:54:36.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1703" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1713" CreationDate="2011-08-24T21:06:07.350" Score="21" ViewCount="3059" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now my company only does manual testing. We've talked about starting some automated testing for a while but it hasn't taken off at all. It seems like automated testing would be a good way to help our QA staff focus on the challenging problems and leave the routine fixes and tests to the automation system. Does anyone have recommendations on how I could:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Encourage the adoption of automated testing (in regards to management mostly)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify some current tests that would be easily replaced with automated testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose a good automated testing software (we apparently have Automation Anywhere but I have no idea if this is a good product to start automated testing with)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="989" LastActivityDate="2018-10-16T05:16:10.173" Title="Transition from all manual testing to automated testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1703" CreationDate="2011-08-24T21:49:49.993" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, if you look in the upper right-hand corner of this web page, you will see a white box labelled &quot;search&quot;.  If you click on that box, type &quot;automation&quot;, and hit Return, you will see links to many questions and answers about automation.  I believe it will be worth your time to scrutinize what you see there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a big subject, but if it were me, I would first decide whether my primary motivation is to save time or find more bugs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your primary motivation is to save time, you should start by automating some common, time-intensive setup tasks, for example, generating test data or automatically installing and configuring your product.  These things are a good place to start because they are measurable, which may be important to your management.  If you can report quantifiable success with this, it may be easier to justify additional kinds of automation.  In my experience, automating setup tasks also requires less programming skill than automating tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have serious quality problems now, and you suspect that automated tests may help you find more bugs, you should identify some specific areas where automation may help you.  There are many strategies for identifying tests to automate, e.g. areas that are particularly buggy, areas that are particularly time-consuming or error-prone to test, or areas with a combinatorial set of possible inputs but which have easily-predicted outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be forewarned that despite the claims of tool vendors and automated testing evangelists, automated testing is not a magic bullet.  Moreover, like all software, automated tests require an up-front investment followed by ongoing maintenance. Approach automation as you would any large project: start small, be honest about your results, and be prepared to switch tactics if you are not achieving your goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-08-25T13:09:56.243" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T13:09:56.243" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1703" CreationDate="2011-08-24T21:58:48.050" Score="6" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Stress the long term savings of time as new features are added. You could potentially automate your regression and be able to spend time thoroughly testing new features and catching bugs that would potentially cost more money if they were not found.  It is rare to see money saved up-front, which usually makes it tough to sell management on automated testing.  Expect a challenge. ;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If there is an API-only portion of your software, you can focus on testing that as proof of concept without having to deal with UI-based testing.  This can be prototyped rapidly on low-cost tools like Watir (Ruby) and get you started quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is a definite rabbit-hole of opinions on testing tools. Pick the right one for the job. Without knowing more about your product, it'd be hard to give a good opinion. There are vendors that sell extremely costly systems and there are frameworks and APIs that are free. If cost is an issue,and it usually is the way you asked it, let that be your guide.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1145" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T21:58:48.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1580" CreationDate="2011-08-24T22:16:52.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenese via &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.html#selenium-commands-selenese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.html#selenium-commands-selenese&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium commands, often called selenese, are the set of commands that run your tests. A sequence of these commands is a test script. Here we explain those commands in detail, and we present the many choices you have in testing your web application when using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium provides a rich set of commands for fully testing your web-app in virtually any way you can imagine. The command set is often called selenese. These commands essentially create a testing language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web Driver via &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver is a tool for automating testing web applications[...] It provides an API which will help make your tests easier to read and maintain. It’s not tied to any particular test framework, so it can be used equally well in a unit testing or from a plain old “main” method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1145" LastActivityDate="2011-08-24T22:16:52.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1707" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-25T04:45:55.130" Score="4" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the best ways to reuse existing tests for new things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, Java and C# (Mono) both have tests testing their implementations of Hashtable.&#xA;If I write my own Hashtable (let's say for legitimate technical or business reasons), then is it ok to run the mono IDictionary tests against it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this applies to subclasses and implementations of any public interfaces. We should be utilising the existing testing resources that are available as a baseline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm keen to see other examples of how we can reuse existing publicly available test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other question is on the legalities of doing the above? As we're not shipping any of the tests I don't believe we're violating any licences, but I'd like other opinions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T14:53:43.890" Title="Recycling publicly available tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1703" CreationDate="2011-08-25T04:55:07.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download Hudson or preferably TeamCity Pro for free.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Point it to your source code and ask it to run the compile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write the simplest noddy test you can think of.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask the CI server to run the test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above will take a few hours after work one night, but you can't have a second test without a first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even a continuous compile nets your team benefits of better feedback when it doesn't compile (think I forgot to check in a file), so your quids in after step 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's far easier to argue the case to management when you've got an automated test system up and running to show them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do or do not, there is no try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T04:55:07.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1693" CreationDate="2011-08-25T10:09:36.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, the original question had two aspects. Proprietary testing languages and TTCN-3. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I totally agree with the answers towards the proprietary/vendor languages, I would definitely not include TTCN-3 into this discussion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TTCN-3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TTCN-3&lt;/a&gt; is a multi-purpose, internationally standardized and therefore nonproprietary test  language. I frequently get the question: &quot;Why should I use TTCN-3 instead of my programming/scripting language X?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can always you use a programming language to solve a problem like test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically you should choose your technology on how &lt;em&gt;efficient&lt;/em&gt; you can solve your problem. But  writing the test is only part of the game. So whether you are familiar or an expert with your favored language does not answer the related questions. Namely where do I get the test framework or the test execution environment, the reporting capabilities, etc. Of course I assume that your do not want to invent everything on your own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the normal working assumption is that you can achieve all of your goals only with &quot;normal&quot; programming languages. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if your consider what you are really looking for, which is most of the times &#xA; - easy to use but yet powerful&#xA; - extensible&#xA; - no vendor lockin&#xA; - good tool support on the right level&#xA; - fits into your processes&#xA; - etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you could consider TTCN-3 as one candidate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stated earlier it is a standardized, multi-vendor supported DOMAIN specific language. And the domain is &lt;strong&gt;testing&lt;/strong&gt;. Nevertheless it has tried to take the usual concerns of testers as well as from testers into account. So you can extend a test TTCN-3 based system in Java, C, C++, etc. You can even integrate your own tools and environments and still profit from powerful test environment(s). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the next time you are looking into a test automation that can be used like a normal language but give the feature richness and very good tool support, perhaps you make a short search for TTCN-3 and give it a try.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1188" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T10:09:36.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1707" CreationDate="2011-08-25T11:23:50.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should learn from whatver sources you can, and this sounds like a great idea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to respect the license of the code, for example, mono is licensed under the MIT/Xll license or the GPL (depending on which part) it the tests are GPL, then you would need to release any derived works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you should really seek legal advice to know exactly what you can or can't do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T11:23:50.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1715" CreationDate="2011-08-25T11:33:04.653" Score="8" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to emulate insertion and removal of SD cards to write tests. What is the best way/tool to implement it in .NET?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1189" LastActivityDate="2011-09-04T10:22:26.673" Title="USB storage emulator" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;dot-net&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1707" CreationDate="2011-08-25T13:32:51.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it were me, and I did not intend to ship the test, I would use the tests without  hesitation.  However, I would be diligent about the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there were any license or ownership-related information in the comments, I would leave them intact, i.e. I would not strip them out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would check the code's license about the implications of modifying the code.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the ideal use of an automated test: for testing something whose implementation has changed but whose interface remains the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A final thought: regarding the example you cited, if the Java/Mono licenses are too restrictive for you, keep looking.   I suspect there are many, many published hash table tests available on the Internet.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-08-25T14:53:43.890" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T14:53:43.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1703" CreationDate="2011-08-25T16:07:01.203" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked a fair amount with automated and manual testing, and my perspective for your three questions is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How much trouble do you have with regression? This is probably your biggest potential time/cost saver. Anything requiring long, boring regression tests is a good target - just be careful you don't over-sell. There's a large ramp-up cost that ensure that your starting phase will be less effective and more costly than normal operations. Once you've got a basic framework in place and some simple (preferably simple with good ROI - what that is depends on your application) tests running, you've got a guarantee that &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; feature is working for each release, without needing to do anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I partly hit the current tests question above: your best bet for starters is something that's used often, has long or tedious or time-consuming regression testing, may break frequently, or is mission-critical. As a general rule, start with something easy that fits two or more of these criteria: if your application calculates tax, any transaction with any tax scenario is a good starting point. Your basic goal should (in my clearly very modest opinion!) be to hit the 80/20 rule: automate the 20% of your application that's got 80% of your usage. (Logon/logoff and session management are other good, easy targets).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Good automation software depends on your application and your needs. The key things you need to consider are whether or not you're dealing with a web application (there are many free or low cost tools available to work with web applications), a Windows application, a mobile app, Linux, Mac, etc. You need something that can look into the software you're testing at least enough to identify the various components you're interacting with and call their public methods. It's a LOT easier to maintain automation that call something like &quot;SubmitButton.ClickButton()&quot; than something that interacts based upon pixel location on the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck, and happy automating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="453" LastEditDate="2011-08-25T17:43:58.783" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T17:43:58.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1711" CreationDate="2011-08-25T16:57:42.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sadly I don't know how to do this myself, but I found this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/KB/system/usbeject.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.codeproject.com/KB/system/usbeject.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could be a good place to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="415" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T16:57:42.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1711" CreationDate="2011-08-25T17:01:25.937" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can write one on Windows with &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff538293%28v=VS.85%29.aspx&quot;&gt;DSF&lt;/a&gt;, but I don't think there's a sample for SD cards at this time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T17:01:25.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1703" CreationDate="2011-08-25T22:59:49.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Encourage the adoption of automated testing (in regards to&#xA;  management mostly)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- // --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Identify some current tests that would be easily replaced with&#xA;  automated testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) First of all, start from the basic CRUD  pattern (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Create,_read,_update_and_delete) operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confident, that your application has several items that could be CRUD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a tests to:&#xA;   1. Create user&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;View user details&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Update user details&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And delete the user&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that would be the major first priority functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a very basic CRUD coverage for each entity in your application – than you got a good test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Don’t spend a time to make the automation test the same as the manual one. You will never done this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Find the most boring tests and automate them. Use MSI (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Installer) command lines to perform silent installation. Create DOS/Powershell/Jscript command lines that help you to deploy the application, copy files and prepare the test environment automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Find out where you are wasting a lot of time and try to automate this action or a set of actions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Choose a good automated testing software (we apparently have&#xA;  Automation Anywhere but I have no idea if this is a good product to&#xA;  start automated testing with)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, keep in mind, that the good automation is the same as a good app development. Please consult with your senior developer about this. It’s easy to control the application if it has 200 lines of source code. It’s hard to control the app if it has 20 000 lines. Your tests could be bigger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2011-08-25T22:59:49.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1560" CreationDate="2011-08-26T03:09:42.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn hacking/cracking/black hat stuff, Google is your friend, but if you want specific information about the topic there are security training programs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eccouncil.org/certification/certified_ethical_hacker.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.eccouncil.org/certification/certified_ethical_hacker.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There appear to be many programs, each selling &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&amp;amp;field-keywords=ethical+hacking&amp;amp;x=0&amp;amp;y=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;its own manual&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that's too much and your interest is less formal, you could check out the series entitle &quot;Stealing the Network: How to Own the &lt;em&gt;_&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.  There are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&amp;amp;field-keywords=ethical+hacking&amp;amp;x=0&amp;amp;y=0#/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&amp;amp;field-keywords=stealing+the+network&amp;amp;rh=n%3A283155%2Ck%3Astealing+the+network&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;many of them&lt;/a&gt; on Amazon.  They are a little lighter reading and entertaining, but they may be a bit out of date.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1145" LastActivityDate="2011-08-26T03:09:42.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-27T19:23:46.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend starting with a scripting language. It could be Perl, Python, Ruby. It’s easy to start with this languages and they allows to easily solve many standard problems, like HTML report generation, sending emails, generate test data etc. Those languages could be used with Selenium RC to create the automated Web tests. First of all, a beginner need to understand what he can do with programming language. The dynamic languages shows a lot of advantages for daily work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only than I would recommend to start with strongly typed languages, like C# or Java. There are a lot of important details in that languages that makes it hard to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default, tester must know the Windows Batch Files scripting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2011-08-27T19:23:46.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-28T01:14:38.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend 3 that iconic of how bugs are created:&#xA;C# - this will show a modern object oriented approach, hard to have bugs that are pure typos.&#xA;Objective C, managing resources and the unique C syntax, so easy to mess up and wonderful bugs are easily created&#xA;JavaScript - this or some variant of will be useful in automated testing tools as well has understanding loosely typed languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall I think it helpful to have some knowledge of the language you AUT is written in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1097" LastActivityDate="2011-08-28T01:14:38.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1306" CreationDate="2011-08-28T10:10:32.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Michael Hunters automation stack &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thebraidytester.com/stack.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.thebraidytester.com/stack.html&lt;/a&gt; is a good reference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also blogged about a similar approach here in a series of blogpost.&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;http://elusivebug.blogspot.com/2009/05/test-automation-approach-object.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://elusivebug.blogspot.com/2009/05/test-automation-approach-object.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1202" LastActivityDate="2011-08-28T10:10:32.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1604" CreationDate="2011-08-28T17:53:49.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This waiting should be handled for you.  You can specify isVisible using a predicate or withValueForKey Try this ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;target.pushTimeout(timeout);&#xA;element.withValueForKey(1, &quot;isVisible&quot;);&#xA;target.popTimeout();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1204" LastActivityDate="2011-08-28T17:53:49.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-29T16:53:07.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want your friend to start one option is the Head First Programming book, it uses Python to teach programming and some design.  I did it a little while ago to sort of strengthen some basics I wanted to have in programming, although considering I had been doing it in a testing capacity on my own for awhile I got a few good things from it.  For someone who has not programmed it looked to me like a good introduction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-08-29T16:53:07.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-08-29T21:18:40.837" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend a slightly different approach. Rather than initially focusing on a particular language, I would recommend focusing on programming concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good books include &lt;em&gt;Programming Langugae Concepts&lt;/em&gt; by Carlo Ghezzi, or &lt;em&gt;Prelude to Programming: Concepts and Design&lt;/em&gt; by Elizabeth Drake. (Another great book is &lt;em&gt;Programming in the Key of C Sharp&lt;/em&gt; by Charles Petzold. It uses C# to teach programming concepts.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone learns the semantics of basic operations, and the basics of data types, control structures, program design, and data structures then learning a particular language is reduced to learning the syntax for that language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't learn to think or rationalize ideas by simply learning how to repeat words in another language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-08-29T21:18:40.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1560" CreationDate="2011-08-29T21:46:30.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The SANS org has some good security courses.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sans.org/security-training/courses.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sans.org/security-training/courses.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1211" LastActivityDate="2011-08-29T21:46:30.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2011-08-30T18:04:02.160" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure it's as easy as saying Sikuli is a better technology for test automation than Selenium or Watir - it's just an alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On my current project, the front end test team were struggling to test an application using flexmonkium. They had the skills and experience to write tests in flexmonkium, but our application needed to be recompiled with the flexmonkium libraries, otherwise the tests simply couldn't hook into the application. It was not going to be possible to make this happen for quite a while, so the team needed another approach. We choose Sikuli, since it didn't need any hooks into the application under test - it simply works off what is on screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli has drawbacks (slow, unpredictable, cross browser issues etc.), but in some scenarios, it may be a good choice. You need to make up your own mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1216" LastActivityDate="2011-08-30T18:04:02.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2011-08-30T19:01:00.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used Sikuli several times and my big win was for testing memory leaks on our mobile app (using the simulator) that i could not have found manually.  Also running with Sikuli allows us to bypass budget restrictions :)  Additionally we have customized apps, so i like that i can use Sikuli to make sure the right colour is applied in the right place - trust me i forget which client gets which label or which colour where, so i love it for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's pretty easy to learn (IMHO) - i have no coding background and i am able to use it.  The user forums rock - they will help and provide answers in a very short timeframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1217" LastActivityDate="2011-08-30T19:01:00.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1728" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-08-30T23:08:30.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Session-based test management was developed by James and Jonathan Bach in 2000. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Session&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sessions are the basic work unit in SBTM, and each session is guided by a test charter. Sessions are timeboxed, typically being anywhere between 45-90 minutes of uninterrupted testing time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Charters&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A charter is a succinct description of the goal of the session, intended to guide the tester without providing overly specific instructions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Session Report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers create a session report as they test, adding notes about issues to follow up, bugs, data used, potential new charters, and so on. They also note how much time they spend on test setup, bug reporting, and actual testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debriefs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Session debriefing is a critical part of SBTM. After a session, or sometimes a few sessions, a test lead will read through the session report, and then discuss the session with the tester. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;James Bach's description of SBTM: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/sbtm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.satisfice.com/sbtm/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Michael Kelly's &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/tip/Using-session-based-test-management-for-exploratory-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;articles about using SBTM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-08-30T23:08:30.953" LastActivityDate="2011-08-30T23:08:30.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1729" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-08-30T23:08:30.953" Score="0" Body="Session-based test management (SBTM) is a way of managing exploratory testing, especially useful in situations where high accountability is required. Testing is broken down into sessions, each guided by a test charter and typically anywhere between 45-90 minutes long. Session debriefs are conducted daily, and testers create a session report during each session describing their testing." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-08-30T23:08:30.953" LastActivityDate="2011-08-30T23:08:30.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1730" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-08-30T23:13:42.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework project summary on Google Code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Robot Framework is a generic test automation framework for acceptance&#xA;  testing and acceptance test-driven development (ATDD). It has&#xA;  easy-to-use tabular test data syntax and utilizes the keyword-driven&#xA;  testing approach. Its testing capabilities can be extended by test&#xA;  libraries implemented either with Python or Java, and users can create&#xA;  new keywords from existing ones using the same syntax that is used for&#xA;  creating test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-08-30T23:13:42.117" LastActivityDate="2011-08-30T23:13:42.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1731" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-08-30T23:13:42.117" Score="0" Body="&quot;Robot Framework is a generic test automation framework for acceptance testing and acceptance test-driven development (ATDD). It has easy-to-use tabular test data syntax and utilizes the keyword-driven testing approach. Its testing capabilities can be extended by test libraries implemented either with Python or Java, and users can create new keywords from existing ones using the same syntax that is used for creating test cases.&quot;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-08-30T23:13:42.117" LastActivityDate="2011-08-30T23:13:42.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1560" CreationDate="2011-08-31T13:39:35.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;OWASP has several great resources to learn about xss, sql injection, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you check out their WebGoat project and the Testing Project.  These are both great resources to get you started and are free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebGoat is a deliberately insecure J2EE web application maintained by OWASP designed to teach web application security lessons. In each lesson, users must demonstrate their understanding of a security issue by exploiting a real vulnerability in the WebGoat application.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;There are currently over 30 lessons, including those dealing with the following issues:&#xA;        Cross-site Scripting (XSS),&#xA;        Access Control,&#xA;        Thread Safety,&#xA;        Hidden Form Field Manipulation,&#xA;        Parameter Manipulation,&#xA;        Weak Session Cookies,&#xA;        Blind SQL Injection ,&#xA;        Numeric SQL Injection,&#xA;        String SQL Injection,&#xA;        Web Services,&#xA;        Fail Open Authentication,&#xA;        Dangers of HTML Comments,&#xA;        ... and many more! &#xA;    &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_WebGoat_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_WebGoat_Project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The OWASP Testing Guide includes a &quot;best practice&quot; penetration testing framework which users can implement in their own organizations and a &quot;low level&quot; penetration testing guide that describes techniques for testing most common web application and web service security issues.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_Testing_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_Testing_Project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="280" LastActivityDate="2011-08-31T13:39:35.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1733" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-08-31T14:16:45.003" Score="7" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm of the opinion that it should.  Test code is meant to be deterministic.  This means that 100% of it should be executed.  If it's not 100% (and assuming the analysis tool isn't under-reporting), either there's dead code that ought to be deleted or the code is complicated enough that it ought to be extracted into helper code and that helper code ought to have tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1146" LastEditorUserId="1146" LastEditDate="2011-09-01T03:26:31.720" LastActivityDate="2011-09-03T23:14:37.323" Title="Should coverage analysis be performed on test code?" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1733" CreationDate="2011-08-31T17:01:32.597" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't necessarily put it high on the ToDo list, but I think it's beneficial to measure test code coverage to find dead tests. You probably won't get to 100%**, but you can find dead functions and binaries - which makes a big difference when you have a 20-hour automation run you're trying to whittle down to an overnight run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** note - test code often has more code in error (or failure) conditions than production code, so unless your tests are failing, you probably won't hit the error paths. Of course, this begs the question of whether you should induce failures to ensure that the diagnostics and error handling in the test code is valid, but I'll leave that answer for another question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2011-08-31T17:01:32.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1733" CreationDate="2011-08-31T19:09:44.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm with Alan on this one - a lot of test automation code will cover error handling which may not get exercised often - and if you're really lucky, it won't ever get exercised (you do include error handling for every routine, right?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you have a lot of libraried routines, you might find that one set of tests uses a relatively small subset of your library, where different test sets will use a different but overlapping subset. For instance, a library routine handling say user configuration could be used in multiple test runs. Libraries of utility functions are particularly prone to this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also suggest that this is a much lower priority than finding older, less effective test automation code and refactoring it to a cleaner state, which in turn is a lower priority than keeping up with new feature development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it's possible that the software you're testing is stable and your automation code is nice and clean. In which case, more power to you! You're doing better than I am.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-08-31T19:09:44.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1733" CreationDate="2011-08-31T21:48:59.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume by &quot;deterministic&quot; you mean &quot;under the same conditions, always does the same thing&quot;. I am not sure that deterministic test code equates to 100% test code coverage. For example, a test may be deterministic and at the same time contain error-handling code for reporting anticipated conditions that rarely or never arise in practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you need 100% test code coverage? I think that depends on the needs of your organization. For example, if you publish your test code, or if your test code is a deliverable to your customer, it may be important to know that every line of your test code has been exercised. In my organization, tests are purely internal tools. I need a high level of confidence that my tests exercise the product in the way I intended and that my tests report failures and success in the way I intended. On the other hand, I am content with a lower level of confidence that my test will behave the way I intended if the network connection between my test and my database server times out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your suggestion about extracting uncovered test code into helpers that are then tested by other tests (meta-tests?) raises an interesting question: do you need to ensure 100% coverage for your meta-tests too? And if they contain uncovered code, should you extract them into meta-helpers that are tested with meta-meta-tests? In my organization, this would not be considered a good use of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be tempting to ask, &quot;If I do not have 100% coverage, how do I know that my tests are correct?&quot; You are wise to ask this question, because we tend to place a great deal of faith in the value of automated tests. However, code coverage is just one of a myriad of possible measurements of quality, all useful and all imperfect. There are other ways to raise your confidence about your tests, e.g. code reviews. Give code coverage its due, but do not allow your enthusiasm for code coverage interfere to with your good judgement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a subsequent comment, you said the deeper question is whether test code is as important as production code.  &quot;Important&quot; can mean a lot of things; I assume you mean &quot;necessary&quot;.  It is necessary for a software company to have production code, and it sounds as if it is also necessary for your organization to have test code.   Both are software, perhaps written in the same language and perhaps even written by the same people.  Nonetheless, they exist to solve different problems, and so it is reasonable that they may be treated differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-09-01T22:21:28.350" LastActivityDate="2011-09-01T22:21:28.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-09-01T04:02:46.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For one book, depending on my mood, I'm inclined to suggest either Weinberg/Gause's 'Exploring Requirements', or Copeland's 'Practitioner's guide to software test design'.  Not a book, but the Black Box testing course materials at testingeducation.org are also a possibility.  As others point out, you'd probably be doing testers a disservice by only pointing them at one book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1223" LastActivityDate="2011-09-01T04:02:46.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1738" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-01T04:03:11.430" Score="8" ViewCount="5238" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best test automation tool you'd recommend for testing Oracle Forms and why? Assuming a Windows desktop environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1224" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:39:06.843" Title="Automated testing of Oracle Forms" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1739" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1742" CreationDate="2011-09-01T12:25:44.257" Score="4" ViewCount="3268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using webdriver to automate our browser testing, I have some scripted tests already where I am using Visual Studio and while I don't mind other formats I'm looking for a good supportable framework that I can still use in Visual Studio.  I'm working with NUnit now but I am not sure how expandable this will be for me in the future, my experience with it is limited and I fully expect to have a lot of test cases for browser automation in the future and want to be able to pull out tests and functions into separate areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked at a few other frameworks (STAF and Watin) but not deeply, and I want to keep using the webdriver framework since I have become familiar enough with it to know it will support the site I am testing.  Has anyone wrapped webdriver in a C# or .Net framework and can give me some suggestions as to frameworks or tutorials that will get me started?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NUnit is good, but I just keep getting this nagging feeling that I am not using it for its intended purpose since my goal here is to automate our browser regression tests.  I know its not only for Unit Tests, but I sometimes get the feeling that I am doing something that is not a fit, but maybe that is just me.  Ideally, I would like to be able to enhance my framework to not only run our tests to validate the site but add in tests where I can pull data from our database either to run tests, or for verification.  So I would like some extensibility, and if I need to code that if its not available, I am ok with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T15:09:47.507" Title="Any one have experience with frameworks using webdriver in Visual Studio?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-09-01T14:07:46.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many of the ones I would recommend to people just entering the field have already been mentioned but for someone who has some experience I would recommend &lt;strong&gt;Software Testing in the Real World&lt;/strong&gt; by &lt;strong&gt;Edward Kit&lt;/strong&gt;.  It's over the head of many junior testers but I found it has some pearls of wisdom when I am getting into a new position and starting a team.  The grounding helps me usually get my feet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-09-01T14:07:46.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-09-01T18:24:52.423" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing is a good choice but If I could include 2 books I would also add Agile Testing: A practical guide for Testers and Agile Teams by Lisa Crispin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1230" LastActivityDate="2011-09-01T18:24:52.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1739" CreationDate="2011-09-01T20:32:46.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, my setup is Visual Studio 2010, Selenium 2, SpecFlow or StoryQ, and NUnit.  Since Visual Studio is what I'm most comfortable in, I wouldn't have it any other way.  Selenium/Webdriver's libraries work great in there as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as NUnit within, it also works great.  Typically, for simiplicity sake, I create each class as it's on test fixture.  From within there, you can add your test attributes, such as categories for breaking down the tests further.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a Visual NUnit extension for running NUnit directly within Visual Studio, however, I really don't like it and typically just use the NUnit GUI.  The extension is good however for when you just need to run individual tests as you are writing or debugging them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't found any hard limitations yet, although they may exist.  As for learning about it, this site, Stack Exchange, IntelliSense, and one of our Dev's that's been trying to help us out has been good enough for me to really get going over the last year or so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need me to expand any particular parts, just let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-09-01T20:32:46.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1743" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-02T09:59:39.720" Score="16" ViewCount="1993" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ill try and set the scene for you all as best as I can. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been working as the sole Tester on a suite of 13 related applications which is the end result of 5 separate developers work. Basically we operate on a two week update cycle (was originally weekly updates) with the client providing us with new features to implement as and when they require them. We are currently using the 'Agile' methodology of a Kanban board to keep track of all the work items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that I find myself struggling at times to keep on top of everything, a lot of the applications have dependencies on the other applications. So even when one application hasn't technically been updated chances are that it has still been affected by a change elsewhere. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also because of the constant development on the applications it is very difficult to get a stable build to test. To counter this I have tried to introduce a sort of 'cut-off' period where no-one can merge to my test branch 2/3 days prior to a release (however this delay period doesn't strike me as particularly 'Agile').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously I don't want to be doing complete sets of regression tests every 2 weeks just to ensure a tiny change to a database view somewhere hasn't broken a page load in one of the related applications. A while back I spent a fair amount of time working with Visual Studio's Coded UI tests in an effort to use automation to help but I found the tests it created to be very fragile and having to spend more time maintaining them than actually testing the applications themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience in similar working environments and has any advice they can offer because this is getting to the point of frustration, obviously more hands on deck would be nice but that is not an available option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="81" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:55:25.300" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T23:31:12.723" Title="Testing an application under continuous development" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2011-09-02T12:49:56.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;With a 5 developer to 1 tester ratio getting the developers writing automated unit tests is long term strategy I would press for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question describes problems understanding the systems dependencies (and interdependencies). I believe adoption of unit testing will drive some behavior that will make those dependencies more obvious by design. It isn't the final answer though and it will take time for some fruit from that labor to be revealed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get some short term relief I would call some meetings to get the dependencies really documented. Visually. Include every component (dll), every database, every UI, perhaps even every script, etc. You can't include too much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1234" LastActivityDate="2011-09-02T12:49:56.657" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2011-09-02T14:20:34.700" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Craig, I have been working in a similar environment for 6 years. DEVs and QA are on the same box, using the same code which is constantly in flux. DEVs check out a program(s), update &amp;amp; re-compile while I am in the middle of testing. At first, I was very frustrated as you are. When possible I do create my own &quot;sandbox&quot; (db only, not actual program) but sometimes it is not feasible due to the volume of new programs being added. Sometimes I get warning prior to my session tanking but usually I don't. A little background:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have 2 testers, yours truly &amp;amp; 1 other.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We support 5 developers, occasionally one or 2 more.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have 1 core tool that customers purchase with 12 optional modules, 5 versions of our software to support, 5 versions of the OS to support and 3 platforms to support (IE &amp;amp; FF are the only browsers).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA verifies our own bugs and customers no matter what else is going on (bug fixes come all the time; there is no break like there when maintenance devs are pulled for new dev).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We consistently push service pack builds out around every 60 days, and new versions every 18 mos or so.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All this is done w/very little, if any, requirements. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this sound familiar yet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record, I am not complaining; I am stating facts. This environment is working very well for our team. There are always things I would change/improve upon, as with any team. We have a very devoted customer base which speaks volumes for our system &amp;amp; it's success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on what you have written, Craig, I hear 2 frustrations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I possibly test thoroughly in such an environment? Builds are not stable and bug fixes affect the other modules and I don't want to miss anything. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the cut-off described the best solution?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To #1: Accept that you will miss bugs no matter how thoroughly you test. What our team has done and it works well for now is I developed a &quot;mini regression&quot; suite that touches all modules, testing only the very core functionality. I weighted and scaled it so in a time crunch the lower weighted areas are not touched. Much of this is legacy code with very few bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To #2: I would suggest that during the 2-3 days of your own &quot;code freeze&quot; you ask the devs to be proactive on code changes &amp;amp; just tell you program x is changing. This will only work if they know it's only a few days. Don't worry if it's agile or not. Find what works best for your team and environment and go with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as automation:&#xA;If it takes as long to maintain the scripts as it does to manually test it, then don't bother. We have zero automation because it would take 1 person full-time to manage it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I may, one final thing. Your sanity: protect it. Do this by submitting your dilemma(s) to your manager, responding as he/she suggests and then let go. You know you are doing the best job you can, going above and beyond. Find the &lt;strong&gt;positives&lt;/strong&gt; in this environment, learn from them and hold on to them. You &lt;strong&gt;will&lt;/strong&gt; use them today and in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-09-02T14:20:34.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2011-09-02T14:49:32.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will offer some advice and then I will describe my own situation for comparison with yours.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned 'Agile' twice but said you are near frustration with your current process, which suggests that while you may not value your current process, you do value 'Agile' principles -- perhaps the ones described in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Manifesto&lt;/a&gt;.  It seems to me that agility is about using frequent communications to react quickly to change.  If you cannot afford a full regression test for every cycle, you must find a way to test selectively, as you are doing now.  Perhaps your developers could communicate additional information that would let you improve your selection process.  If they do not do so now, they could suggest areas that may be impacted by a change.  (This will help only if developers take this responsibility seriously, but in my experience most developers will do so.)  Another option, as Rob Murdoch mentioned, is to improve your understanding of how components in your applications depend upon each other, so that you can decide on your own how to translate a bug fix into areas that require testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot hire another tester, and if there is too much work for one person to test, it may be time to push some of the testing back onto the developers.  This could be a accomplished with automated unit tests.  Another option is to ask developers to assist with manual testing.  If you go this route, I suggest asking the same developer to test the same thing every time.  Sometimes, after a developer has tested something manually several times, they will come up with ideas for testing things automatically.  Or if a developer finds bugs in an area over and over again, they may think about ways to make the bug-prone parts more reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my situation. I am the only test person for a three-developer team on a single application.  We do not intentionally follow an Agile process.  We deploy a big release every six to twelve weeks, with smaller &quot;bug fix&quot; releases in between.  After I finish testing new features, I need a week for regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the most part, my developers do not write unit tests.   I often have the luxury of time to write automation, so I have some API- and file-level automation for selected areas that tend to be buggy, are especially important, or which are especially time-consuming or error-prone to test manually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You described an unproductive experience with UI automation.  I am not familiar with Visual Studio's Coded UI tests, but my experience with other UI automation technology is that it should be used selectively.  My experience, too, is that the maintenance cost of UI automation often outweighs its benefit.  I only use UI automation in places where the interface changes very little but where bugs tend to arise due to implementation changes.  (I use this principle for non-UI automation, too.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-09-02T15:06:50.710" LastActivityDate="2011-09-02T15:06:50.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2011-09-02T15:41:57.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very Good Question. I had gone thru similar state. Please find related question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1362/adapting-agile-testing&quot;&gt;Adapting agile testing is it good approach?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User246 answer I would like to mention and add few of my suggestions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First, ask yourself which aspects are Agile are important to you. Second, ask yourself why those aspects are important. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And finally, ask yourself whether the practices you mentioned are compatible with those reasons&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since, you are only one tester managing multiple applications, The challenges are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No Scope to invest on Automation due to time constraints resulting in manual testing, This would limit test strategy to manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would suggest you to evaluate / take time to analyse, How repetitive manual test efforts can be achieved, You need to allocate 20% of time for automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Probably a splitup of your efforts how it is spent. You might be working on multiple tasks resulting in working for extended hours. If you can timebox/ plan your task and verify actual efforts it would help. Try using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rescuetime.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rescuetime.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If developers can execute unit test cases/ document basic functinal test cases that they execute it would help to identify bugs at earlier stage, If you can identify callout basic bugs which could have been identified by DEV team this would result in reducing time spent on fixing issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adopt a mix of white-box and black box test strategy. For DB related testing, Please try tool - T.S.T - T-SQL Test Tool - &lt;a href=&quot;http://tst.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://tst.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;, VSDB DB edition, See if you can automate Web Service, Database (Stored Procedure related test cases). This way you can manually test UI layer and other related functionality can be tested seperately. I did some analysis for a webapp - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1387/test-automation-design-question&quot;&gt;Test Automation Design Question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another Good Read - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/358/what-factors-should-affect-the-ratio-of-qa-test-staff-vs-app-developers&quot;&gt;What factors should affect the ratio of QA/Test staff vs. App Developers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please add your comments. I will share my feedback based on my learnings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-09-02T15:53:28.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2011-09-02T19:39:10.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two points I would like to make.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, agile does not mean so fast that you can't keep up, it is actually exactly the opposite.  The goal of agile is to be fast, but with quality.  One of the core ideas in the scrum model for example is to have a dedicated sprint for deployment (this is an often overlooked or ignored idea).  The reason for this is to provide that stability in order to really nail down the quality.  Another point that has been mentioned but is definitely worth repeating is that test driven development with ample unit testing is a core concept of agile that is very important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, I would like to give a different opinion on UI automation.  I have had tons of success and would consider it one of the simplest and most important tools I have available to keep on top of regression testing assuming that the life expectancy of the product you are testing is long enough and the number of regression test passes during that life expectancy is more than just a handful.  In order for UI automation to be successful and maintainable, however you need to use the correct levels of abstraction.  If you write your UI automation correctly then whether a code change affects one test case or a thousand test cases should not matter, the amount of work you need to do to update your tests should be the same.  This means that a test case should look something like this:&#xA;&lt;BR&gt;public void UpdateUserTest()&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;{&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;  SignIn(UserData);&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;  UpdateUserData(UserData2);&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;  VerifyData(UserData2);&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;}&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;This is a very basic example.  Notice there are no references to specific elements on a page, or even specific pages inside of your test method.  Similarly inside of your helper methods (SignIn, UpdateUserData and VerifyData) you should have only references to elements contained inside of page container classes.  Lastly, developers need to be told to include ID's where appropriate to elements (and not randomly change those ID's) and be aware that this affects your automation so they can avoid that when possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope my positive experience with UI automation is useful information for some of you out there.  I would be happy to provide further details on how I implement the abstractions for web UI automation if it would be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-09-02T19:39:10.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1703" CreationDate="2011-09-02T20:07:33.840" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently left Microsoft where we had a lot of automation for a smaller company with just a bit of automation to help begin the process of automating a significant amount of our testing.  Fortunately management here had already realized they needed to step up their automation, however even after acknowledging that they needed more automation, actually providing the resources necessary to get that automation up and running has been a bit more difficult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because my company had already had some automation successes, and also some automation failures, one of the things that I knew I would need to do is build confidence in our automation both among developers and management as well as other stakeholders.  For this reason, I picked a few simple projects with big returns as the first few projects to tackle to show some noticeable increases in productivity and turn around time.  The first 2 tools I created actually weren't even necessarily automation.  The first was a tool to aid manual testing by inserting data into a log file that would make the data easier to work with when run through our product which parses that log and inserts it into a database.  This tool was very simple, but allowed us to do way more in depth testing, increasing our confidence while also speeding up the process.  The second was just modifying some of the existing automated tests and adding some tools to use a single mechanism for a) kicking off the automation (mstest) b) logging and reporting results and c) being run build over build.  The third one was a tool for automated deployment validation that I outlined in this answer: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1469/deployment-testing&quot;&gt;Deployment Testing&lt;/a&gt;.  In summary, when trying to convince management (and anyone else) that automation can speed up testing and improve your confidence level, it's nice to have some concrete examples, so a couple of quick tools like this that have already added value can be really useful in convincing management to allow you to do more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next pieces I plan on tackling are a UI automation framework (an abstraction on top of the current selenium/webdriver build) and then going a level deeper to test at the HTTP and database layers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not familiar with Automation Anywhere, however I do know that the correct suite of automation tools depends largely on what you are testing.  Are you only talking about UI automation, or are you talking about other additional automation?  What sort of UI is it - web page, windows app, flash, silverlight, etc?  What OS's/Browsers/environments will you need to run your automation in?  More often than not, the success of your automation will have more to do with your implementation than it does on the underlying framework you are using.  An example of a common mistake is using the existing framework out of the box with no abstraction on top of it, often using tools like recorders to record and playback test cases.  While this will get you up and going quickly, it will also make maintenance and stability of your automation difficult if not impossible.  Take the time to invest in building out a proper abstraction and it will make developing and maintaining your automated tests much simpler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-09-02T20:07:33.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2011-09-02T20:30:38.080" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;After reading your account, I have a few questions. They might sound harsh at first, but your account sounds to me like you're in an organization that has to consider some harsh realities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Is it the complexity that's a problem here, or is it your reaction to the complexity?  (Along with your organization's apparent lack of reaction to the complexity?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Are your programmers required to write code that they can warrant will work, or are they merely required to write code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Do you have any managers working there, or does everyone simply do what he likes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A couple of specific points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;We are currently using the 'Agile' methodology of a Kanban board to keep track of all the work items.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try not to confuse &quot;methodology&quot; with &quot;practice&quot; or &quot;tool&quot; or &quot;technique&quot;, or even &quot;method&quot;.  Methodology is the study of methods.  Now, that may seem like I'm being pedantic.  That's not my intention.  However, I have observed that people often use grand words to mask less-than-grand knowledge or adoption of a subject that needs continuous study.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My problem is that I find myself struggling at times to keep on top of everything, a lot of the applications have dependencies on the other applications. So even when one application hasn't technically been updated chances are that it has still been affected by a change elsewhere.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What might happen if, instead of thinking of all this as a problem, you thought of it as a test result--evidence of a problem that testing is revealing?  The fact is, poorly-understood interdependencies represent a problem for the product and ultimately for the business.  Since you don't have control over the code and the interdependencies, you can't change that--but you can sure as heck report it as a problem.  Anything that makes testing harder, or makes it take longer, allows whatever bugs are in the product to hide out for longer, which piles on the risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Also because of the constant development on the applications it is very difficult to get a stable build to test.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is another instance of the same problem.  When you finally deploy a build that was stable enough to test, and you did you did a burst of testing under a lot of uncertainty and extreme time pressure, what makes you and the development team and the business think that it was stable enough to release?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To counter this I have tried to introduce a sort of 'cut-off' period where no-one can merge to my test branch 2/3 days prior to a release (however this delay period doesn't strike me as particularly 'Agile').&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't worry; it doesn't sound like anything else that your group is doing is particularly agile either, except for the speed part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the things that the Agilists (the XP people, at least) talk about is the idea of &lt;em&gt;sustainable pace&lt;/em&gt;.  Your testing is revealing, and you are describing, a pace that seems to me unsustainable. You could ask, &quot;How do I cope?&quot;  But I think here trying to cope would add to the problem.  A more important question is, &quot;How is the development team going to respond to the information that I'm revealing about the product and the projects?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Does anyone have any experience in similar working environments and has any advice they can offer because this is getting to the point of frustration, obviously more hands on deck would be nice but that is not an available option.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More hands on deck &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; an available option (although I don't think it would really address the problem).  In any case, it's an option that your business has &lt;em&gt;chosen&lt;/em&gt; to reject.  What other choices could they make differently?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---Michael B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1176" LastActivityDate="2011-09-02T20:30:38.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2011-09-03T18:44:16.607" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like Everyday Scripting with Ruby: for Teams, Testers, and You by Brian Marick&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It teaches Ruby but also shows how it can be used to help in testing - so instead of reading theory and going through exercises there is the chance to actually put some of the code into use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-09-03T18:44:16.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1733" CreationDate="2011-09-03T23:14:37.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I don't run code coverage on test code, as a tester with limited time, I simply have too many other things that need my limited time and attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; run though is static code analysis with Visual Studio or fxCop as a way to keep test code quality high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I actually joke that visual studio Pro should be called Visual Studio un-Professional as it does not include code analysis, and it forces you to turn off the code analysis policy on TFS if you have a single copy being used as they can't check in with the policy on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-09-03T23:14:37.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1754" CreationDate="2011-09-04T06:56:10.183" Score="7" ViewCount="1051" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say you have a large distributed system in the cloud that's got dozens of developers working on it and actively adding code to. Your job is to make sure all of the quality gates are used and the system is continuously tested at and after checkin for potential malfunctions. Assume you're also working in Agile and do TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm honestly only personally familiar with tests such as unit-testing (which I myself use for TDD) and with integration testing, which is also mandatory if your piece of code has any sort of dependencies. I unfortunately do not have a good understanding of all of the other layers of tests which the test team at my organization has historically taken ownership of. I heard of build verification tests, smoke test, validation tests, acceptance tests, smoke tests, system tests, scenario tests and so on, but I'm not familiar with the specifics, and would like to learn more about them!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More importantly, I would like to understand which of the abovementioned tests are crucial for a successful development flow in projects of different sizes, and how beneficial one test is over another. For example, in a small 5-developers project, how many of the test types should I worry about having? Are UT and integration enough? How critical would it be to have a more advanced / broad test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1248" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T08:17:41.530" Title="What are the tiers of testing that should be done on a large scale distributed system?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1753" CreationDate="2011-09-04T07:17:30.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Couple of ideas to evaluate application architecture and decide Test Approach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing different layers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach to get started is evaluate (Web Service, Database Testing, UI Testing, Security and Cloud specific testing on infrastructure/scalability/performance)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is &lt;em&gt;SOA&lt;/em&gt;-based implementation, you probably would have a service layer exposed which can be tested independantly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Database&lt;/em&gt; testing can be done independently for verifying schemas, procedures, business logic in procedures based on implementation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At &lt;em&gt;UI Layer&lt;/em&gt;, verifying layout, cross browser testing, end-to-end testing can be performed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have any &lt;em&gt;queuing&lt;/em&gt; based implementation (Biztalk / MQ Series / Service Broker) these can be independently tested. Post messages in queue and see how they are picked up and processed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For &lt;em&gt;cloud&lt;/em&gt;-based implementation, storage aspects, security aspects, performance and scalability need to be tested. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For &lt;em&gt;cloud&lt;/em&gt; based PaaS, SaaS service degradation over period of time, extended loads needs to be validation. Service degradation can happen for peak seasons when multiple application demand resources for extended period of time. This bottleneck need to be tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What to test on different layers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somehow orthogonal to layers above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build Installation Testing, Functional Testing (Service/DB/UI layer), End-to-End Testing, Security and Latency. I do not mean exhaustive performance testing but at least to see how much network latency for users accessing from different regions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For SaaS testing see check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blog.sogeti.ie/2010/04/softtest-webinar-testing-saas-software.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoftTest Webinars Testing a SaaS (Software as a Service) Platform in an Agile World&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/ramgarg/saa-s-testingoverviewppt-5072671&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SaaS Testing Overview - Foundation&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Important takeaway from the above presentations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;application related security (SQL Injections, Cross Side Scripting), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;infrastructure related:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;disaster recovery mechanism, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;latency (Network, Data Transfer, Load balancing, Remote Monitoring). see &lt;a href=&quot;http://highscalability.com/latency-everywhere-and-it-costs-you-sales-how-crush-it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;related read&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The more you have idea on architecture and implementation you would be able to categorise and apply different test approach listed above. I hope you have access to see &lt;em&gt;unit test cases&lt;/em&gt; executed by the developers. You can also see how UI, DB development is tested. This was you would be able to see what is amount of test effort done by dev team in validating the functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;End-to-end testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of all listed approach, You would need to execute end-to-end test cases for all priority one business scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2015-04-09T08:17:41.530" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T08:17:41.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1711" CreationDate="2011-09-04T10:22:26.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the devcon command line utility to disable/enable the SD card, not very elegant but will be the fastest way.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/311272&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;support.microsoft.com/kb/311272&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-09-04T10:22:26.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1756" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-05T07:19:37.413" Score="10" ViewCount="5794" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm starting out using Selenium 2/Webdriver, been using Selenium IDE for a few weeks, to automate some tests and decided to go with Python. I've been writing some simple tests using some basic documentation that I found: &lt;a href=&quot;http://readthedocs.org/docs/selenium-python/en/latest/index.html&quot;&gt;http://readthedocs.org/docs/selenium-python/en/latest/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this documentation is good to start off, I noticed it's missing a lot of other commands that I'm used to using with Selenium IDE, such as verifying and asserting text/elements. Eventually I'd like to put some conditionals in my tests, so being able to do an assert and seeing if that returned true or false would be helpful, but I have no idea how to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any detailed documentation online?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="908" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T08:46:34.500" Title="Is there any full Python webdriver API documentation?" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2011-09-05T14:00:46.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me start by saying you have a great list of responses by a group of highly experienced and respected testers make sure to use their advice wisely, I know I will :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My situation is quite different, we are a medium sized organization preforming agile scrum methodology with many development and testing environments.  That being said, we preform hundreds of builds and deployments a day.  The key to the success of our constant state of development relies on Unit tests, build and deployment automation, and constant communication. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was in your situation I would focus on the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't even begin to truly describe how useful unit testing is to the success of continuous integration.  That being said, this is something that is probably out of your control, make sure to push for it but its something you can't do yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking into automation again.  Considering you are an army of one, I would recommend getting a set of smoke/sanity tests put together to run on deployment starting with the most important app first.  I'd really focus on something very simple that checks the app is up and responses to requests.  Getting together a simple suite (maybe one or two tests per app) to run on every deployment will help you find problems sooner, a key to CI that you are greatly missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do code reviews with the developers.  I find this extremely helpful to create tests and understand how the code actually works behind the scenes.  In addition asking the developer questions will normally find issues before you even start testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interact with the business.  Is your company happy with the current defects that seem to pop up every deployment?  If they aren't, you may be able to push changes to improve code quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally let me say that I actually envy your situation a bit.  As the sole tester, you can try out new things as you see fit and see what works for your team.  I'm a bit of a control freak and would love the challenge of finding solutions to the problems you've outlined.  For me, figuring that out is the cool stuff we get to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck and happy testing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastEditorUserId="1062" LastEditDate="2011-09-05T22:39:22.990" LastActivityDate="2011-09-05T22:39:22.990" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="750" CreationDate="2011-09-05T20:09:48.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have excellent news for all of you - I &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; have access to the Jul 2011 draft and I can safely say that Agile testing is reflected in &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; of the case studies (&quot;annexes&quot;) in 29119-3. Specifically, the contrast between two notional large organizations: &quot;Agile Corp&quot; and &quot;Traditional Ltd&quot; and their testing approaches. Here's something that should bring a smile to every Agile practitioner's face: an IEEE standard that features examples like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test report for: New subscription system (NSS)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Vers.: Sprint 3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Covers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NSS final sprint result, including result of previous sprints, in preparation for a&#xA;  major customer delivery (for use).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Risks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The live data risk was retired by creation of a simulated database using historic live&#xA;  data “cleaned” by the test team and customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test Results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Customer accepted this release of the product based on:&#xA;    16 user stories with one added after last status report were successful.&#xA;    Technology facing testing with the one high risk story 100% statement coverage was&#xA;  achieved, and for the others 72% statement coverage was achieved on average.&#xA;    Team accepted the backlog on 4 defects of severity 3.&#xA;      Showcase was accepted by the customer with no added findings. Showcase demo sprint&#xA;  features interfaced with “live” data.&#xA;      Performance of the sprint features were found to be acceptable by team and customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;New and changed risks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Security of the system may become an issue on future sprints,&#xA;  assuming a follow work task is received from customer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Notes for future work from retrospective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sprint team feels a new member may be needed given possible new risk since no one has&#xA;  knowledge in this area.&#xA;          Severity 3 defects that move on to backlog should be addressed in next sprint to reduce&#xA;  technical debt&#xA;          The modified live data worked well and should be maintained.&#xA;          Test automation and exploratory testing is working, but added techniques should be&#xA;  considered, e.g. security and combinatorial testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enjoy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1258" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-07-25T05:01:45.813" LastActivityDate="2012-07-25T05:01:45.813" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="210" CreationDate="2011-09-06T03:51:01.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check related question&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1450/flex-test-automation-tools-questions&quot;&gt;Flex Test Automation Tools Questions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FlexMonkey version 5 seems good. I was able to setup and try it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-11-03T17:34:57.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1761" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1763" CreationDate="2011-09-06T15:15:26.533" Score="4" ViewCount="1615" Body="&lt;p&gt;Asked this on stackoverflow and earned myself the tumbleweed badge... Anyone here know of any?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for an Open source tool to help with deployment validation for mainly web based applications on Windows machines (if it works with linux as well would be a huge bonus). Basically I'm looking for an automatic validation of deployment to run prior to smoke tests of the application itself. I'd like a data driven tool that would validate after deployments that everything is delivered (correct time stamps and versions), service is up and running, etc. We could definitely build something to do this, but I was surprised when I didn't find anything like it out there. Anyone know of any open source tools that will do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7245195/open-source-deployment-validation-tool&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7245195/open-source-deployment-validation-tool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2011-09-06T18:44:34.020" Title="Open source deployment validation tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1761" CreationDate="2011-09-06T16:37:35.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there are no general purpose open source tools that could perform validation for you. &#xA;Yes, there are a lot of small tools that could enable you to automate that validation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main question is what you need to validate. Do you have manual check list already? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using any popular scripting languages: Perl, Python, Ruby, Jscript you could automate the &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;verification process and create a validation tool that exactly meats your requirements. You could use batch files and small utilities to validate the directory contents, file contents, and file attributes (diff, dir). You also could automatically verify the file signatures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Jscript or VBScript to configure IIS and perform the operating system configuration validation. There are a lot of recipes all over the Web how to perform a specific verification, but there are no any general purpose tool that includes all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2011-09-06T16:37:35.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1761" CreationDate="2011-09-06T18:44:34.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently looked for the same thing and after not finding anything wrote my own implementation.  I took the approach outlined in this blog: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingwithkunal.com/automated-deployment-validation-using-net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.testingwithkunal.com/automated-deployment-validation-using-net/&lt;/a&gt; and from there I added the ability to test for some additional things outlined in my response to this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1469/deployment-testing/1595#1595&quot;&gt;Deployment Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2011-09-06T18:44:34.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1739" CreationDate="2011-09-06T19:01:09.713" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium 2/Webdriver with Visual Studio and MSTEST.  Really MSTEST and NUNIT have pretty much equivalent functionality.  Unless you want to really get crazy, either should have everything you need for the purposes of executing your automated tests.  MSTEST is the command line version of the built in test harness for visual studio.  One limitation is that you need visual studio installed on the client where you execute your tests (but you can use a visual studio test client install as well if you have licenses for it).  If you have TFS and/or use Visual Studio Lab Manager there are also some really cool integrations.  You can take a look at an introduction video showing what is possible using Visual Studio Lab Manager here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/ff945982&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/ff945982&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pretty cool scenario it enables is &lt;BR&gt;&#xA;1) Detect a new build and kick off automation for it.&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;2) Automatically provision a web server (spin up a VM using Hyper-V)&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;3) Deploy a build to that server&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;4) Spin up a VM for an automation client&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;5) Deploy your automation to that client&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;6) Kick off the automation and if there is a failure take a snapshot of the failure&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;7) Automatically create a bug with the snapshot attached so a developer would have an exact repro environment.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could be a bit overkill depending on how much automation you plan on having...  If you are working on a mid to large sized project, or multiple projects then being able to manage lab resources and kick off build over build automation with no manual intervention becomes a more important issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-09-06T19:01:09.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-07T02:35:58.880" Score="1" ViewCount="157" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have and automated test that test an algorithm  and the output of this test is the percentual precision of the algorithm. Currently our team is trying to make this algorithm more precise, as well as doing some refactorings. I need to find a way to do some kind of assert given the precision. My initial idea is just set a threshold (say, 80%) and create a assert like Assert.IsGreater(precision, 80). Although it seems OK, I  wish I could have a better measurement tool than this. For example, I wish I could create levels (or grades), and set my precision according to these levels (100 to 90 is &quot;A&quot;, 89 to 80 is &quot;B&quot;, and so on). This would help me to control the quality of the code that is being built. Have you used any tools (or created one) to do such measurements? Did any of you passed for a situation like mine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1268" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-09-08T17:52:38.043" LastActivityDate="2011-09-08T17:52:38.043" Title="What is the best way to create an automated test that asserts the precision of a matrix processing algorithm?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1765" CreationDate="2011-09-07T06:54:47.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;your question is too vague, can you reveal more details about this algorithm ?&#xA;I have been there, but the algorithm already had a way to test its precision (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSQM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PSQM&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-09-07T06:54:47.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1765" CreationDate="2011-09-08T06:32:31.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could have your test code log the precision measurements into an external storage (CSV, XML, RDBMS, you name it) and generate a report from that by an external tool. So if a refactoring brings the precision down, your external tool could do fancy stuff like sending everybody an XMPP message, calling the boss or shutting off the coffee machine until the former level has been restored. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another idea is to take the threshold of the Assert from the last value written to the external storage and update that if the code passes the test. This would give you some sort of sliding threshold. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1073" LastActivityDate="2011-09-08T06:32:31.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1765" CreationDate="2011-09-08T15:42:17.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First I will summarize your question.  You are testing an algorithm that takes a  matrix as input and produces another matrix as output.  Your test needs to measure the precision of the output.  You do not want the result of your test to be simply past/fail; rather, you want your test to express a more graduated result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I perceive two issues: how do you compute the precision in a way that measures quality, and how do you report the precision effectively?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Early in my career, I worked for a company that wrote software for the petroleum industry.  The software could convert between digitized contour maps and matrices representing underground surfaces.  It also had algorithms for filtering and combining matrices in different ways.  There were different ways to measure the quality of the output of these algorithms, and to some degree, the quality was subjective.  To put it another way, there were ways to quantify things about the matrices -- to assign a numeric score to the matrix, so to speak -- but the degree to which the score correlated with quality was always subjective.  Moreover, I do not believe the scoring systems we used at that company were necessarily applicable to matrices in other industries, e.g. to digital images.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I say all this to illustrate that it is difficult to suggest an appropriate way to compute precision, as you call it, without knowing more about the data that your matrix represents and the goal of the algorithm.  Nonetheless, I think it is a good idea to reduce your precision measurement to a single, concise number (or perhaps a vector) rather than a &quot;precision matrix&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding effective ways to present precision, I think the presentation method will depend on the context.  If you are presenting a single precision by itself, the precision number may be good enough.  If you are presenting a large number of test results, where you are comparing one precision number to another, it may be better to grade the precision with letters of the alphabet (as you mentioned), or with colors or shapes.  I am sure a Google search would reveal websites devoted to effective ways of presenting statistics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question may also be relevant to you: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/826/how-should-i-test-the-output-of-image-renderers-thoroughly-efficiently-and-in-a&quot;&gt;How should I test the output of image renderers thoroughly, efficiently and in a branchable way&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-09-08T16:32:29.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1769" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-08T17:53:20.663" Score="9" ViewCount="3111" Body="&lt;p&gt;As part of training for new QA resources, I would like to have them practice testing against an application with known issues. I know there are security examples of this type of application (i.e. webgoat) but I am looking for something more on the functional side. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know if such an application exists?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My only thought is to find an open-source application and grab an earlier revision of the code and check their bug tracker to see what issues existed in that revision and work my way from there but that seems pretty time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1275" LastActivityDate="2012-11-04T17:33:12.117" Title="Looking for a faulty application for training" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1769" CreationDate="2011-09-08T18:51:27.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bryce,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=340&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Alan's website&quot;&gt;Alan's blog&lt;/a&gt; you'll find a small application there that he deliberately seeded with a couple of errors. That's probably a good starting point for functional black-box testing, although it will be rather time-consuming if you're looking at manual functional testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another good option for training purposes is to check things like any large metropolitan transit agency website, or large airport website. Those invariably have bugs galore to work with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond that, a lot depends on what you're looking for in the training. Some of the more common objectives are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform effective bug triage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find as many bugs as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write good bug reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Develop high-coverage testing goals and scenarios without exhaustive testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plan and test effectively&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The kinds of scenarios you're going to want to use to train people will vary based on your objectives for the training.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that's helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-09-08T18:51:27.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1769" CreationDate="2011-09-08T18:53:27.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;By far your best choice is to create your own &quot;buggy&quot; application. That way, you can ensure which bugs are present, and what types of bugs (UI bugs, back-end bugs, security bugs, etc) can be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could do that by grabbing an open-source project and modifying it for your new testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to grab a public version of a buggy application, it would be very tempting for your testers to search for the revision history themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-09-08T18:53:27.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1772" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-08T22:37:55.083" Score="12" ViewCount="9514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an intermediate-senior developer who got burned out severely with programming last year and I've been exploring possibilities of a career change into Testing/QA (among others such as Technical Writing). I hope this question isn't off topic here. &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/q/106317/5064&quot;&gt;I already asked it on the Programmers site&lt;/a&gt; and got directed here by a mod.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some reasons why I think I would be better for QA than Development:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Meta Knowledge Work&quot; vs &quot;Knowledge Work&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm naturally much better at analysing things that already exist (from a step back) than actually being in the thick of them, right at the grindstone and &lt;em&gt;working on them&lt;/em&gt;. For example, I'm great at analysing and pulling apart a topic of interest and writing a blog post on it, but I'm terrible at creative writing - where I have to come up with &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; the content myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Blinders on problems in own work&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a near-universal human problem (which is why writers need editors and developers need independent QA), but I think I have a very bad case of it: I'm simply very bad at stepping back and seeing problems in my own work (ie In terms of development: bad initial pre-checkin testing). Throughout my programming career, I've always had an above average rate of stupid obvious bugs checked into source control. Stepping back and finding issues in &lt;em&gt;my own code&lt;/em&gt; is very difficult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the flipside, I'm very good at spotting bugs and usability issues in other people's code. For example, I'm often the first to notice some weird change in behaviour when getting latest changes in code when someone else broke something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is related to the first point re: &quot;meta&quot; knowledge work. I'm just &lt;em&gt;much&lt;/em&gt; better at analysing something from a step back, and that I wasn't in the thick of working on myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem solving as a challenge&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really don't enjoy the challenge of dealing with fiddly problems (such as obscure, hard to trace bugs) when I have to take direct creative/modifying ownership of them. This comes down to &quot;meta&quot; knowledge work again - I easily get frustrated and impatient (and thus unfocused and unproductive) when I'm right in the thick of something and have to fully deal with it myself. But it doesn't happen when I'm outside and looking in - eg. Analysing a problem that I'll ultimately simply have to document thoroughly and pass on to someone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd be intellectually dishonest if I didn't admit that part of this is simply wanting to pass the buck instead of being the one ultimately responsible for something. But it works well with my analytical skills, which are much better for stepping back and analysing than getting right into the details and &lt;em&gt;doing&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tolerance for repetition&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a somewhat negative point, but I want to cover it anyway, because a lot of developers have the opinion that Testing/QA is boring and repetitive. So I just want to cover this one before it comes up: I have a very high tolerance for repetitive work which might seem relatively boring. And again, due to the &quot;meta&quot; knowledge work thing, I'm great at noticing a slight change in something after seeing it run differently 1,000 times before. But only if it wasn't code that I wrote myself!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excuse the length but I wanted to cover the points as clearly as possible. I'd especially like to hear from people who've done both QA and Development before, but also general opinions regrading what I sound like as a potential Tester or QA engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. It goes without saying (as a developer with 10 years experience across various jobs) that I've had a lot of contact with Testers/QA and have a pretty good idea of what they do. And I've done some (relatively informal) QA in the past - in roles where there were no dedicated testers and the developers tested each other's work. For what it's worth, I always enjoyed it more than the development itself!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question:  Will the techniques I have learnt as a developer translate well into doing QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Just added a few clarifications. I think I overstated the point of not wanting responsibility. It's really more that I'm much better as an analyzer than as a direct creator and modifier of things. Basically it comes down to the difference of mindset described in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/545/how-does-a-testers-perspective-toward-software-differ-from-a-developers/546#546&quot;&gt;this post&lt;/a&gt;. My aptitude and patience for the specific combination of creation, modification and analysis skills involved in development is not very good. But when I'm a step removed and doing virtually pure analysis, then I shine (and enjoy it much more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1277" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T14:31:23.263" Title="What developer skills would translate well into doing QA?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="8" ClosedDate="2015-07-21T23:51:07.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1772" CreationDate="2011-09-08T23:26:06.640" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;You describe several skills that are advantageous in a tester: analytical skills, the ability to find flaws, and tolerance for repetition.  You also seem to be interested in testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A potential disadvantage from your own admissions: reluctance to take ultimate responsibility and, to a lesser degree, discomfort with starting something from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are accustomed to a developer's salary and perhaps a developer's prestige.  Be prepared to relinquish both.  While there are testers who are more highly paid than developers, in general a tester makes less.  And while there are rock star testers who are highly praised for their role in the organization, as a general rule testers are considered just as necessary but not as valuable as developers.  When a product or a project is wildly successful, developers are more likely to get a pat on the back or a mention in the company meeting than a tester.  To the extent that this matters to you, set your expectations appropriately.  This is not to say that testing is a bad job.  It is a good job in the right circumstances, but it is not like being a developer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The nature of the job depends on the circumstances.  In my first test job, I was a test lead.  This required being organized, spending a lot of time communicating,  dealing with developers who were less interested in testing than I was, tracking a lot of project-level information, and taking responsibility for something big.  It also required some light development skills.  It was a good, rewarding job, and I was praised for my efforts.  This might be a good role for you given your background, but you must be willing to own it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Here are some good discussions on QA hiring and the relationship between a development job and a test job: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/616/what-benefit-does-having-developer-experience-or-background-have-on-the-effective&quot;&gt;What benefit does having developer experience or background have on the effectiveness of a tester?&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/476/how-do-you-prepare-yourself-for-a-testing-position&quot;&gt;How do you prepare yourself for a testing position?&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/55/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-positions&quot;&gt;How should you interview for QA positions?&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/545/how-does-a-testers-perspective-toward-software-differ-from-a-developers&quot;&gt;How does a tester&amp;#39;s perspective towards software differ from a developer&amp;#39;s?&lt;/a&gt;.  (If you search SQA, you will find others, too.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T14:31:23.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1769" CreationDate="2011-09-09T03:08:57.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my favourites is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grr.org/ParkCalc.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Parkcalc&lt;/a&gt; ... Parkcalc is a real world application for calculating how much your parking is going to cost at the Gerald R. Ford international airport. It is also full of bugs, yet it works mostly. The requirements come in the form of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.grr.org/PDFs/AirportMapWeb.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;parking brochure&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you don't pound the real one into the gound there are a couple of self hosted versions, like the one &lt;a href=&quot;http://adam.goucher.ca/parkcalc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parkcalc is somewhat infamous after it was a &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;weekend testing&lt;/a&gt; target, and there are a number of disections of the bugs that can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://testkeis.wordpress.com/2010/04/11/a-testing-exercise-parkcalc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;available&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parkcalc is also a great tool to demo the capabilities of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.shino.de/2010/07/05/parkcalc-automation-a-short-reflection/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;automated testing tools&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-09-09T03:08:57.807" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1772" CreationDate="2011-09-09T14:08:35.837" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's always a challenge to change careers.  And as a hiring manager, a red flag always go off when someone wants to change careers and get hired onto my team.  I see a few here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say that you are burned out as a developer.  That's understandable.  So are you considering QA as &quot;easier&quot;?  Less likely to cause burnout?  Be prepared to discuss this in depth with an interviewer.  I want my QAers to work very hard (sometimes we work a lot harder than the developers, sometimes not).  I wouldn't want someone to come in thinking that this was an opportunity to take things easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned analyzing versus being creative.  At least on my team, the QAers must very often be creative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for being honest about not wanting responsibility.  There's a good bit of responsibility required in most QA shops.  In some shops, QA is the gatekeeper to production - very high responsibilty there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've hired ex-developers into QA before (heck, I used to be a developer).  But not very often in the immediate transition from dev to QA.  Be prepared for some tough questions about why you chose QA as your goal, and how the hiring manager could know that you won't quickly get burned out there as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you in a position to switch to QA in your current company?  Often, that's the simplest type of transition to make.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-09-09T14:08:35.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1772" CreationDate="2011-09-09T14:13:44.597" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'd be intellectually dishonest if I didn't admit that part of this is simply wanting to pass the buck instead of being the one ultimately responsible for something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In SQA you are &lt;em&gt;more&lt;/em&gt; responsible for a feature than a developer is. When nasty bugs make it to production, all eyes are on you and you must do an RCA or explain how it was missed. If it causes a loss in revenue or accounts, be prepared for more pressure. As was mentioned in another response, you will never get credit for a smooth-running feature, you will only get noticed when something goes wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mention a tolerance for repetition, a necessary trait. Are you also prepared for bouts of mindless, brain-numbing clicking and typing? Automation is always the goal, but it's doubtful you'll escape long rounds boring manual testing, especially during a full regression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not trying to talk you out of it--just want to clarify a few points. It sounds like you know your abilities and what you're best suited for. I switched from a front end developer to QA, and haven't looked back. I luckily get to work on a team in the same discipline, so I get the best of both worlds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also as noted by another commenter, you lose a bit of prestige and pay, but job satisfaction is more important than pay or respect. I say go for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1087" LastActivityDate="2011-09-09T14:13:44.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1772" CreationDate="2011-09-09T14:39:43.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First I want to commend you for an honest and transparent inward examination of your strengths and weaknesses. I don't see it enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Blinders thoughts&lt;/strong&gt;: I see this as a variant of &quot;can't see the forest for the trees&quot; which I suffer from myself occasionally. Both developers and testers must keep a holistic mentality and see the program as a whole, never forgetting there are many different parts (modules) that flow together. This holistic mentality applies to test cases, scripts, scenarios, etc. too. Even the ones &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; write. As long as you can do this, sounds great. Questions to think on: Would you have a co-worker that will review your testing docs and provide honest feedback with you concerning them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem solving thoughts&lt;/strong&gt;: You mention getting easily frustrated and impatient. While never being a &quot;doormat&quot; (for lack of a better word right now), a tester does need to have some level of patience. Pointing out a flaw in someone's work, especially if their identity is in that product, can &quot;test&quot; you and your patience. Communication skills must be excellent. Personally, I have to look at a bug from a &quot;selling&quot; angle. What is the best way I can &quot;sell&quot; this bug to the dev? And/or management---- if the dev won't give me time? If you think a bug is high priority, say a security breach (in your eyes), and they say, low priority (&quot;no one would ever do that&quot;), how do you see yourself reacting? I guarantee this situation will happen. Patience grasshopper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tolerance for repetition thoughts&lt;/strong&gt;: Word for word, this part is me. I have been in QA (in one form or another) since 1988 and here's my 2 cents on repetition. The red flag that went up when I read this is: wasted time. The danger here is comfort zone. One has to distinguish between a helpful repetitious test and one that produces no fruit and should be either revamped or tossed altogether. A great tester will always stay flexible and know when to let go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only other thing I can add, and perhaps you have already dealt with this as a developer, is a great tester needs to be prepared to stand up for what they believe in and be prepared for (anticipate even) push back. As user246 has correctly mentioned, testers are a rung down on the engineering ladder. Although I am born to test and don't care about that, that fact alone would not settle well with some folks. It would greatly influence their decision on whether to transition from developing to testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited to add that I have never been a developer so my responses are not from a former dev angle. QA is my passion and always has been.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-09-09T23:17:18.747" LastActivityDate="2011-09-09T23:17:18.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1739" CreationDate="2011-09-09T14:56:41.920" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ITV/Coypu&quot;&gt;Coypu&lt;/a&gt;. It is a wrapper for Selenium/Watin etc., so you can easily swap to another framework later on, and it's heavily maintained. I wouldn't use any other layer. Much more maintainable. As it is available via Nuget und references the Nuget Selenium package, you always stay up-to-date via a simple UpdatePackages from within VS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combine that with &lt;a href=&quot;http://specflow.org/&quot;&gt;SpecFlow&lt;/a&gt; and as you see in the screenshot, with Resharper you got the ideal combination. Though Resharper costs money (I think 120$ personal license), I think it's the best integrated testrunner, and you get a lot of good features along the line. If you also run unit tests along your development, you should also use NCrunch (www.ncrunch.net), as this is just the best you can do for unit testing in VS right now. But I wouldn't recommend NCrunch for integration tests, that's just insane. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to post links to all of them, but as a new user I'm only allowed to use 2 hyperlinks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1280" LastActivityDate="2011-09-09T14:56:41.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1769" CreationDate="2011-09-11T06:08:55.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For entry testers the 'Hello world' testing challenge is the 'Triangle problem'. You can find quite a few online versions of this challenge. But one of my favorites is the one developed by Elisabeth Hendrickson. There's the one &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/2007/03/21/testing-triangles-a-classic-exercise-updated-for-the-web/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testobsessed.com/2007/03/21/testing-triangles-a-classic-exercise-updated-for-the-web/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1202" LastActivityDate="2011-09-11T06:08:55.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1782" CreationDate="2011-09-11T17:10:06.293" Score="4" ViewCount="2302" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for ideas for automating export tasks you would usually see in reports (SSRS SQL Server Reporting Services example - Export to PDF/Excel/CSV). What I have observed is when you export data, some portion of data is lost as it is not word wrapped. In actual printouts you would see data missing for some columns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are these usually manually verified tasks?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has anyone tried automating - verify actual data in column to exported data in CSV/Excel/print preview word?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have good number of reports to be verified (40 plus), automating them would save good amount time I believe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:07:14.223" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:07:14.223" Title="Automation for export tasks (Word/PDF/CSV)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;export&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;&lt;pdf-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1772" CreationDate="2011-09-11T17:18:01.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Developer for 20 year before switching to testing which I've done for the last 4 years and not regretted the move at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first point about having to come up with all the content yourself struck a chord - I was great at finishing off programs but not starting them off&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem solving - you gave the example of being frustrated at tracking down hard-to-repro bugs. Thats one of the things I love being a tester, when that lighbulb goes off and you realise what it is that makes it reproducible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more point - is it testing or QA you want to do ? Or both ? One thing you really MUST do is stop calling them the same :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-09-11T17:18:01.757" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1780" CreationDate="2011-09-11T20:48:05.713" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know which SSRS you are referring to (e.g. SQL Server Reporting Services, Social Science Research Solutions).  Nonetheless, I like this question because it describes a common problem, it lends itself to more than one kind of automation, and it illustrates testability and the answer requires some analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach would depend upon whether I knew how to automate the export action via either the UI or an API and how the software was organized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Several processing steps take place during an export:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the data is fetched from somewhere,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;values are converted into a form appropriate for the output format, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the values are merged into an empty document of the appropriate format, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a stream of bytes is emitted.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course one could decompose the action into even more steps, but the steps above are enough to illustrate my point.  Similarly, the steps may be performed in parallel or serially, but for my purposes it does not matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are issues to consider before deciding on an automation strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You do not need to use the same tool/technology for everything.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are at least two actions you could automate: initiating the&#xA;export and analyzing the results.  Some possible ways to initiate the&#xA;export include the UI, a command line interface, or an API.  A UI&#xA;automation tool is unlikely to provide a way to analyze Excel or PDF&#xA;files.  That is not an insurmountable problem.  You can use a&#xA;different mechanism for file analysis.  If you automate initiating the&#xA;export but not the analysis, or vice versa, you still will have saved&#xA;some time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You need to choose whether to compare against canonical results or computed results.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One approach is to generate some exports and compare them to canonical&#xA;results (exports that you generated at some time in the past using the&#xA;same inputs.)  Another approach is to calculate (on the fly) the&#xA;expected results for a given set of inputs, perform the export, and&#xA;then compare the export to your calculated, expected results.  This is&#xA;more flexible but can be considerably more work. (This issue is not&#xA;specific to exports testing.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is possible but not easy to analyze the contents of an Excel or PDF.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of its simple syntax, a CSV is easy to parse and analyze.  The&#xA;same cannot be said for Excel or PDF files.  With the latter, you must&#xA;consider both content and appearance.  A Google search should reveal&#xA;tools for converting an Excel file into a CSV.  I do not know whether&#xA;there are similar tools for PDF files.  In any case, practically&#xA;speaking, you need to eyeball an Excel file or PDF to determine whether&#xA;there are problems with its appearance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You may be able to separate the content testing from appearance testing.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once tested a complicated reporting system for a bank.  There were&#xA;many types of reports, each with a variety of configurable options.&#xA;The data resided in a relational database, and as in your example the&#xA;export formats were CSV, Excel, and PDF.  The developer wisely&#xA;separated querying the database from producing the output file.  To&#xA;improve testability, he provided a test mode in which the raw queried&#xA;output could be dumped to a file.  He also provided a way to generate&#xA;a CSV, Excel or PDF from a raw set of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given these &quot;testability&quot; features, I could break the reporting system&#xA;testing into two independent tests: a test of whether a set of inputs&#xA;produced the right raw data., and a test of whether a set of raw data&#xA;could be converted into an CSV, Excel, and PDF correctly.  I was able&#xA;to automate the first test.  I also automated the CSV tests.  The&#xA;Excel and PDF tests were still manual, but at least it was not&#xA;necessary for a human to eyeball an Excel and PDF of every report with&#xA;every report option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-02T16:41:44.597" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T16:41:44.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1769" CreationDate="2011-09-12T02:11:30.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks everyone for the answers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I totally forgot about Parkcalc. That's not a bad idea. I think I would rather have a self-hosted option if could. I am not super comfortable of banging around on someone's site no matter how buggy it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Numberz Challenge is cool but I am looking for something closer to a normal web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have thought about writing my own or hacking up a open-source app so I could add in my own bugs. I like the idea. The only thing that has stopped me from doing it is time and skill. Both of which I have in short supply. I could do it but I am thinking I would take me far too long to be worth it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess I was hoping that it already existed and I didn't know about it. A kind of QA version of webgoat. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, it seems to be something that the QA community could use as both learning tool or even a potential screening tool during the hiring process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know from my experience that I deal with a lot of people whom I either interview or who work for me without training (co-ops) that do not have the basic manual testing skills for the job. They need some kind of hands-on experience to learn and/or I need a way to asses their skill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My basic idea would be a small site with a form and simple workflow. The form could a reg form or signup form. Anything like that. User would go a couple page workflow like a signup or cart chekout&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type of bugs I would want to see in it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Workflow validation (user can break the workflow by press back button, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Broken links (random minor links are broken)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Field validation (overflows, not escaping special characters etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data validation (storing/displaying the data entered incorrectly, allowing duplicate records)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser/Device rendering issues (page is busted in certain browsers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business rule validation (functionality doesn't match a simple spec tester is given)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's just of the top of my head. I am just thinking it needs to be a basic cross section type of bugs people see everyday in a standard CRUD web app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am curious. I am the only one who thinks a tool like this would be a good idea for training/screening/whatever or are other people be interested in this idea? Maybe if people are interested I can get motivated to do it or work with Alan (if he is interested) to get it done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1287" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-04T17:33:12.117" LastActivityDate="2012-11-04T17:33:12.117" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1772" CreationDate="2011-09-12T12:29:57.470" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few years ago I made this same choice. I was a tester, moved into C++ C# development, then moved back to testing. I still like writing code and there are some coding opportunities in testing. The main reason I switched back was that in development I found the thing I got the most enjoyment from was bug fixing. I know that sounds somewhat trivial but I found the problem solving aspects of that much more engaging than coding new features. Testing is very much like bug fix coding rather than feature coding. The problem I had with feature coding is when you are working on adding to existing code base you basically are fitting into that framework.&#xA;All of the other comments here are extremely valid and you should consider them carefully. Moving to testing is always going to be seen as a step down by any of your colleagues - that is simply the way it is.&#xA;The other thing to remember is testers are at the end of the line in the cycle, they get the stuff just before it needs to ship. There will be times that quality is a level of quality rather than a absolute (absolute being no defects), just be aware of that. At the end you still have to always be willing to fight for defects to be addressed while understanding that you are not the final say in releasing the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1097" LastActivityDate="2011-09-12T12:29:57.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1769" CreationDate="2011-09-12T14:12:50.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had similar ideas after taking part in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=335&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Numberz challenge&lt;/a&gt; and also after reading many many posts about how to test testers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I had another thought - instead of the time and energy taken in writing such an app and recruiting testers that could find the seeded bugs, wouldn't that time and effort be better spent in educating the devs so as not to make those stupid simple mistakes that devs have been making for the last X years ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T22:07:22.773" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T22:07:22.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1787" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1788" CreationDate="2011-09-12T19:09:24.927" Score="5" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been searching for information on mapping tests to code changes but I haven't had any luck. I suspect that there is some industry standard term that would have better google-juice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose you have tens of thousands of hours of tests and millions of lines of code. If you know that certain tests should be run whenever you change a piece of code, where others could be run only periodically. What would you call the process of picking tests to run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We call it test charting, but the complete lack of google results leads me to assume there is a better term out there. Or is this just a rare-enough challenge that not many organizations face it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1088" LastActivityDate="2011-09-13T18:06:56.877" Title="Is there an industry-standard term for choosing which tests to run?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1787" CreationDate="2011-09-12T19:26:11.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a partial answer.  I am fairly certain that while I was at Microsoft we called this &quot;Test Selectivity&quot; but Google searches for that term are pretty sparse as well.  Possibly a better way to find information on executing only specific tests when certain product code changes is to search for the technology that make this possible.  You need a code coverage tool that allows you to measure code coverage per test case such as Clover: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atlassian.com/software/clover/tour/java-code-coverage.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.atlassian.com/software/clover/tour/java-code-coverage.jsp&lt;/a&gt; (just an example I found on Google, there are many others).  Then you need some way to associate a product code change with those test cases (diff the code and then pinpoint test cases that previously covered the same methods where the code changes happen).  In a quick Google search I didn't find any information on specific technology or tools that allow you to make that association and filter your test cases that get executed.  I know we had some in-house tools at Microsoft, but I'm not sure what exists out in the wild and you would need to do some more searching to find those.  I would assume that some of the code coverage solutions would have these features bundled with it, but again, some more searching would be necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-09-12T19:26:11.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1787" CreationDate="2011-09-12T19:34:21.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not aware of any specific terminology for this. I personally call it &quot;targeted regression&quot; (as opposed to general regression where you're going over everything). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the software my employer builds, there's a massive codebase with an immense level of complexity (the combinatorial math on well over 100 configuration flags scattered through the system is bad enough without considering the things the software actually does), so our regression scripts have, over the years, evolved into a series of feature-specific script runs each of which is more-or-less independent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They aren't as granular as &quot;changing line X of file Y triggers test Z&quot;, but we'll do targeted regression if, for instance, we know there's a change to a specific feature. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-09-12T19:34:21.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2011-09-12T19:56:48.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to admit when I read this my first thought was &quot;I didn't know you worked for my employer&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm facing similar difficulties as one of a team of six testers working with about two dozen developers on (currently) something like ten major new features against an unstable code base with a hard release date, complicated by immense structural changes to the software in test that broke ever single regression script (most of the problems were buggy software, too, not changes that the scripts exercising the GUI had to account for). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation at all levels does help, but it does have a large up-front cost to get it right. The key to getting stable GUI-end automation is ensuring that there's precisely one place in the script code that explicitly references the GUI components. Once you've got that, whether through name mapping (&quot;EditBox1&quot; = &quot;FirstNameEdit&quot; etc) or some other method, GUI-level automation gets a lot more stable. In the last 6 weeks I've spent something between 3 and 5 times as much time working with the oldest scripts - glorified and slightly refactored record and playback - as I have with the ones that were designed and built with around and object-oriented, data-driven script code framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I'd guess your immediate problem is educating those around you on the value of testing and the benefits of more unit testing from all developers. That can be a sticky topic, especially when you're effectively telling the developers you work with that their work &quot;isn't good enough&quot;. For that, I'd suggest introducing unit tests to the ones who don't unit test as a case of saving time and effort by making sure that nothing that anyone else does can break their code without everyone else knowing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that gives you a few things to think about. It's not a pleasant place to be, but sometimes knowing you're not the only one there helps a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-09-12T19:56:48.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1787" CreationDate="2011-09-13T15:05:59.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my group at MS we refer to this as targeted regression testing and I wrote about it here (http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2009/11/18/the-minefield-myth-part-2-the-value-of-regression-testing/). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need a way to determine which binaries (exe, dll, etc) have changed binarily for each new build. A tool that will perform binary compare of the files in 2 directories is Diff2Dirs (http://www.testingmentor.com/tools/generaltools.htm).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next you will need a tool such as Dependency Walker (http://dependencywalker.com/) to help identify other dependent modules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this also assumes that your test cases are somehow mapped or associated with the product binary or binaries they are targeting.  We organize our regression test dlls so we know which product code binaries they are hitting, but also by prioritization. So, we can target only changed code &amp;amp; dependencies, or we can run only pri 1's, or everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-09-13T15:05:59.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1787" CreationDate="2011-09-13T18:06:56.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I call the general practice &lt;em&gt;test selection&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I use a series of suites, run at different frequencies or under different conditions, I call it &lt;em&gt;test staging&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-09-13T18:06:56.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1560" CreationDate="2011-09-14T02:02:46.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have some cheese!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google has a great resource just for this purpose. Gruyere is a website they have created to help developers (and testers) with security flaws.  The app is full of security holes and google has written challenges setup for you to break the site.  It's really wonderful.  Each challenge is labeled with a style (black box, white box, somewhere inbetween), the code is available to run locally, it offers hints and resolutions.  So hopefully its just what your looking for! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-09-14T02:02:46.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1794" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-14T10:34:39.243" Score="5" ViewCount="1989" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone recommend some software that can be used to document the results of functional software testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not at developer level, it is for testers to follow documented procedures/scripts and then document what they find. I thought there must be some common tools that people use for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1298" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T14:12:14.283" LastActivityDate="2019-06-11T07:21:07.967" Title="Is there some software to document the results of functional software testing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2011-09-14T11:53:35.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for tracking there are options like Jira - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/&lt;/a&gt; or MSTest if you use Visual Studio.  Although you can find many options at Open Source Testing as well - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-09-14T11:53:35.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2011-09-14T13:05:59.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excel provides decent tools for reporting and distributing results.&#xA;Do you have specific requirements from the tool ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-09-14T13:05:59.430" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2011-09-14T13:36:58.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A simple and inexpensive approach would be to record the documented procedures/scripts and the tester's findings in a spreadsheet.  It sounds as if you have more than one tester.  If you are concerned about the logistics of multiple testers  updating a single spreadsheet, you could use an online spreadsheet, e.g. from Google Docs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are more sophisticated systems, but it is hard to recommend them without knowing more about your circumstances.  I assume you performed at least one Google search (e.g. for &quot;test case management system&quot;) for available solutions before posing your question here.  If you can summarize what your search revealed and how those findings relate to the problem you are trying to solve, I am sure someone will be glad to share their experiences and insight with you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-09-14T13:36:58.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1798" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1799" CreationDate="2011-09-14T14:32:12.483" Score="4" ViewCount="2386" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a continuous integration build server (using Team City). When people check code in, I'd like to run a set of tests which run through a set of functional cases such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using an administrator account, I can create a document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I belong to the 'Editor' role, then I can access document x&#xA;and document y.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a number of unit tests which cover individual functions, but we really want this quick 'smoke test' to see if anything discrete has slipped through the net.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a 'dummy database' with pre-populated users, permissions, documents, and create the tests to use data from this database?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use some sort of mocking framework for this? What are the advantages / disadvantages here?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, is my thinking completely off?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appreciate your thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1301" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T16:31:16.453" Title="Creating a dummy database for automated functionality testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1798" CreationDate="2011-09-14T14:53:19.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are curious about the tradeoffs around mock objects, there are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mockobjects.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entire websites&lt;/a&gt; and books devoted to the subject.  I will restrict my answer to the specific problem you described.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never replace a real system with a mock system unless the real system does not meet my needs; a mock system requires time to write and maintain, and when a test fails, you will have to ask yourself whether the problem is in the product or in your mock system.   You have not mentioned anything that would prevent using a dummy database for your smoke test.  While you did not specify whose database technology you are using, most database vendors provide an easy and reasonably fast way to restore a database from a backup and to rename a database (e.g. from &quot;DB_backup&quot; to &quot;test_123&quot;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If you suspect there are reasons why using a dummy database will not meet your needs, please revise your question to include those issues.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-09-14T14:53:19.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2011-09-14T21:43:33.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might consider looking at the list of tools that handle planning and reporting at the following link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com/qa/tools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.xqual.com/qa/tools.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say how complete this list is but there are several choices.  Perhaps you could find one or two that look like they might meed your needs then you would be able to post more specific questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2011-09-14T21:43:33.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-14T21:57:26.470" Score="2" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not talking about the simple ones here, but the Spreadsheets which sprout arms and legs and start walking about and having a life of their own. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They will always exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can people suggest controls that they've put in spreadsheets to catch errors that they've found effective? I've used VBAUnit in the past which is a bit hacky but seemed to do the trick, but I'm concentrating here on 'pure' spreadsheets with no VBA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also does anyone have suggestions on how to test excel addins such as generated by &lt;a href=&quot;http://excel-dna.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Excel-DNA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="911" LastActivityDate="2011-09-25T20:29:39.197" Title="Can people recomend ways to test Excel Spreadsheets?" Tags="&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1665" CreationDate="2011-09-15T00:19:34.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Categories can help.&lt;/strong&gt; Categories can help with some things. You might use categories to help indicate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Who will write or run the tests.&lt;/em&gt; For example, unit tests are generally written by developers (and are sometimes called &lt;em&gt;developer tests&lt;/em&gt;). Acceptance tests might be executed by testers or product owners.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;The characteristics being tested&lt;/em&gt;--e.g. functional tests or load tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;The purposes for which you might run the tests.&lt;/em&gt; You run smoke tests to help decide whether it would be worthwhile to run a more comprehensive set of tests. You run acceptance tests to help decide whether to accept the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, a categorization scheme is useful if it helps someone decide whether and how to think about or interact with the things being categorized. The ways we interact with tests are to write, read, run, or respond to them (and maybe some other stuff I've neglected). If a test categorization scheme helps you do those things, it's useful. Otherwise, it's not so useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multiple dimensions, so multiple categorizations.&lt;/strong&gt; One day for fun I analyzed a bunch of test categories to identify the &lt;em&gt;dimensions&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;variables&lt;/em&gt; at play. I &lt;a href=&quot;http://cwd.dhemery.com/2004/04/dimensions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quickly identified thirteen dimensions&lt;/a&gt; (and of course there are others, but I stopped there). Each categorization scheme places any given test somewhere along one dimension, or maybe two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But every test falls somewhere along &lt;em&gt;each&lt;/em&gt; of the dimensions. So every categorization scheme tells you some (potentially) useful things about tests, but none tells you everything you might want to know about a test. A given test might be both a smoke test (which indicates a reason for running it) and a function test (which indicates what characteristic is being tested).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, the value of a categorization scheme arises from your purposes for interacting with the tests, and the extent to which the scheme helps you interact well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T00:19:34.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1804" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-15T09:04:37.813" Score="8" ViewCount="3792" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are abuse cases and misuse cases for security the same?&#xA;From what I have read in various sites, they appear to be same, but no where is it mentioned that they are same.&#xA;Please clarify my doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1308" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-10-23T19:18:44.290" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T13:36:37.840" Title="Abuse cases and misuse cases" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1805" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-15T09:59:17.677" Score="5" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is more of test design question than pure Selenium question.&#xA;I have a form in my application and while following page object pattern I wrote a method which has many parameters -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;newMerchantPage.addEditMerchant(merchantDomain, merchantName,&#xA;        merchantCategory, true, merchantDescription, merchantNotes,&#xA;        merchantTags, true, true, false, false, merchantTitle,&#xA;        additionalDescription, merchantHeading, dummyCouponLink, true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Method looks horrible, and then I was suggested to break it down in multiple small method in page object class i.e&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;typeMerchantDomain(String merchantDomain) {&#xA;//&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;typeMerchantName(String merchantName) {&#xA;//&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then call them instead of my heavy weight method.&#xA;There is one more advantage of this approach that if I can easily do data validation only individual field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it the way to go about it? I feel my code would yet be crowded as I would have to make many more method calls than just one &quot;heavy&quot; method call I am doing right now. Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;n.b. I posted this question on java forum, but this should be better place to get test automation design related answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATED CODE -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After many suggestions (using &quot;this&quot; set methods and passing object to method), I made modification and another method of mine looks as -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ContactPage contactPage = new ContactPage(driver);      &#xA;setContactFormData()&#xA;contactPage.setName(name).setEmailAddress(emailAddress).SOME MORE SETTERS;&#xA;contactPage.submitContactForm(contactPage);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here my page object - contactPage is used to call the method and the same object is passed to method to determine what data is to be passed on to web page fields eventually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this implementation of calling method on object and passing same object as argument ugly?&#xA;Should I be creating a &quot;PageDate&quot; sort of class having ContactData class so that I could do -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;contactPage.submitContactForm(contactDataObject);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="134" LastEditDate="2011-09-16T04:57:35.677" LastActivityDate="2011-09-16T04:57:35.677" Title="Automating form dealing with large number of element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1804" CreationDate="2011-09-15T10:22:12.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is abuse cases and misuse cases for security the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, pretty much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;abuse&quot; suggests more malice than &quot;misuse&quot;, but they both amount to people doing things with your software that they shouldn't be allowed to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T10:22:12.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2011-09-15T10:51:25.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work - a team of 6 testers - we use Excel spreadsheets a lot. For bug fixes, there's rarely more than a text file saved with our bug tracking tool (built and maintained by the company). Feature development usually gets a spreadsheet with a listing of test cases and results. The regression automation has a separate shared spreadsheet where the results are logged daily. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot depends on the level of detail that's needed: for the regression automation my team has a tab per major release, and a column per test set (usually the test sets are organized around functional areas of the system). The first row lists the expected results for each run - usually something like 0 errors, x warnings and what those warnings are for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For feature development, the spreadsheet gets organized around feature sets or user stories, depending on which makes more sense in terms of testing and reporting, and wraps to a summary tab with pass/fail results for each major section. The detailed test lists are on a pass/fail basis as well, with space to describe failures and note bug reports created if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I've found is that the level of detail and structure depends a lot on the complexity of the application(s) under test, the size of the team, the speed of development (if you can tell a developer who's working on a new feature and get a fix in within 24 hours, there may be no need to report a bug), and the amount of overlap between different development teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T10:51:25.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1808" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1815" CreationDate="2011-09-15T13:51:26.447" Score="2" ViewCount="434" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for different alternative ways of developing regression scripts. In our case, we have an application that deals with a lot of data processing and provides some results to the user. results are in the form of reports and charts. the approach we follow for developing a regression script is that after a certain set of user actions when system generates reports, we save the htmls of those reports and compare those htmls with the baseline htmls generated on a version that went through manual testing. we compare baseline and targetline htmls in winmerge and do validation of differences. the advantage of this approach over assertion method is that we hardly miss any data validation in the report. but the problem is with time lost in validating html. there are many code changes which are valid but they are seen as differences. Can anyone suggest alternative ways of regression development ? comparing bitmap is also not a good way because it doesnot cover entire scrollable data on the page.&#xA;Also, we are going to develop a script which will do a coverage of application in different browsers, capture reports and compare them in later versions of software in respective browsers. what approach will you suggest for creating the baseline for this script ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks in advance.&#xA;Anil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1311" LastActivityDate="2014-05-08T19:14:00.747" Title="Different regression script development approaches" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1665" CreationDate="2011-09-15T14:17:07.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a point about separating performance from functional, &quot;If it does not work for one, then it will never scale to many...&quot;   The skills needed to implement manual or automated functional tests and performance tests are very different from a tester perspective.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testers have a very different view of the system and its architectural components than their functional brethren.   Moreover performance testing typically involves a subset of business cases which produce the majority of the load on the system, typically in the range of 8-12 business processes per app/module.   This contrasts to hundreds, or potentially thousands of functional test cases which much be confirmed before performance testing can even begin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have observed a lot of managers who don't understand the differences between the testing disciplines or the skill differences between the tester types try to lump everything together into one test.   I have never observed a successful implementation of this model in almost two decades within the profession.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T14:17:07.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="707" CreationDate="2011-09-15T14:22:54.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you look at any of the standard benchmarks available from TPC, SPEC, etc.. you will notice that all of them include a warm up period in the performance test, a time under full load, and then a ramp down interval.    This ramp up period is designed to allow code which needed to be compiled upon first execution or libraries to be loaded to take place before the time under full load interval is entered into in order to measure optimal performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This ramp up/warm up period is established best practice in the commercial benchmark space, there are an awful lot of flat out poor/untrained performance testers in the market who simply go from 0 to 100% of load with few steps to allow for a warm up interval of any type.   There is a market analogy for this called the &quot;tea totaller.&quot;   It goes something like this, &quot;Take a Tea Totaller and a bottle of Vodka.   Combine rapidly.   You get total system shock.    On the other hand, take a tea totaller, a bottle of Vodka and a thimble full of vodka at a time and you are likely to have a smoother ramp up to your test and you are also likely to find the exact spot at which your system melts down as load is increased....which is often at a point greater than the combine all at once model.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T14:22:54.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1811" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1812" CreationDate="2011-09-15T14:53:56.347" Score="13" ViewCount="3309" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently write automated tests using WebDriver/Selenium 2 and utilize the Page Object model. I'd like to start documenting manual tests but our current process is only creating test cases in MS word documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'd like is software that supports scenario linking or modules similar to the Page Object model I use for automation. What this means is that if a user needs to login I'd like the software to be able to call the login module, if something changes on the login module I only need to make the change one time and have it bubble back up to my manual test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is anyone aware of a software that allows this type of modular/scenario linking?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teamst.org&quot;&gt;TestLink&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/&quot;&gt;FitNesse&lt;/a&gt;, but unsure if these technologies support scenario linking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help will be greatly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1312" LastEditorUserId="1611" LastEditDate="2012-05-10T14:36:46.683" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T19:12:40.263" Title="Test Case Management Software" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2011-09-15T15:29:52.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I document test cases in a Wiki.  I use Mediawiki for a Wiki engine.  With Mediawiki, you can write test case fragments (like the login scenario you described) in a separate page, and then either hyperlink to that page or reference the fragment in other pages, which causes the contents of the fragment to be displayed within the page.  If you need to update that fragment, you just change its page; the changes will automatically appear in any page that references that fragment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from Mediawiki, there are many other free and commercial Wiki engines, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.  You can use your favorite search engine to research a Wiki engine appropriate to your own needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also test case management systems that may help with more than just documenting your test cases.  I do not use one, but if you type &quot;test case management system&quot; into your favorite search engine, you should find many relevant links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T19:12:40.263" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T19:12:40.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1808" CreationDate="2011-09-15T16:39:14.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anil,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many approaches you can use here. If you have the ability to transform the generated report to any format that works as a (field, value) pair (such as CSV, XML, etc) you can use that as the basis for your comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach is to use automation to capture each HTML field containing data, and validate that the data matches your baseline. This would require some date-checking if you're outputting date information - I'll often use a regex to first validate the date, then strip it so that I don't get invalid differences reported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key thing you need to look for, in my opinion, is the ability to compare each data field and report on each one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, our CSV baseline comparisons will report that differences were found, and for each file that differs from baseline output a formatted list something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Result record 5 differs from baseline record 5 in field Foo. Baseline&#xA;  20, Result 999. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Result record 5 differs from baseline record 5 in&#xA;  field Bar. Baseline -1, Result !@#$???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so forth. If there are no differences, you don't even need to do the manual check - and if you're familiar enough with the data, you can isolate the issue with just this information. If not, that's what WinMerge is for - as well as for baseline updates where needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This kind of result reporting, particularly if you don't include expected differences like date of report, can help you zero in on any problems very quickly. This also translates very well across multiple formats since you'd code your baseline check to look for the (field, value) pairs that you were interested in, regardless of which format they were in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T16:39:14.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1560" CreationDate="2011-09-15T17:09:34.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have time on Septemer 21 there is a Weeknight testing dedicated to security testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/events/weeknight-testing-black-box-security&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/events/weeknight-testing-black-box-security&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T17:09:34.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1808" CreationDate="2011-09-15T19:05:52.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a big difference between data validation and testing that your web page displaying the data is functioning correctly.  The data validation can be done even at a database level assuming that your UI has been tested thoroughly enough.  I found a good article on data validation here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg261774.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg261774.aspx&lt;/a&gt; that outlines a number of approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are the charts and graphs custom web pages that your developers have created, or are they using existing chart/graph plug-ins?  If they are using existing plug-ins then you shouldn't need to do too much testing if you assume that the creator has already tested their product.  If they are custom, then you can do very targeted testing to ensure that different types of data actually render the correct charts and graphs on your site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even with some automated testing to ensure that the HTML that is generated is what you are expecting and the data is correct, there can still be visual differences between browsers that can really only be observed through some manual comparison.  One approach that I have seen used in the past is a script that will take screenshots of pages in different browsers and then someone can go through those screenshots and compare them.  Some tools will attempt to automatically compare images, although it is difficult to get the thresholds correct there and often involves some manual intervention anyways.  For tools that will take those screenshots, pretty much any web ui automation framework like selenium can navigate you to the page, then in .net you can create a function to take a screenshot of the browser window.  If you have pages with scrollbars, you can even get fancy and try to scroll the window and stitch the images together, but depending on your web site's design you may not need that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T19:05:52.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1805" CreationDate="2011-09-15T19:25:50.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always like to break things up into groups of related information.  For instance, if I have a user class I might break that up into a few smaller classes: LoginCredentials, ProfileInfo, Settings, etc, but I would still usually have a top level User class that contains these sub classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I would certainly recommend would be to pass in a merchant object rather than all of those individual variables into your addEditMerchant method.  There are some great advantages using this approach.  One, you could have some &quot;common&quot; pre-configured merchant objects that you use for many of your test cases.  For instance:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;public class MerchantInfo&lt;br&gt;&#xA;{&lt;br&gt;&#xA;string MerchantDomain;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;string MerchantName;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;string MerchantCategory;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;// etc...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;public MerchantInfo(string merchantDomain, string merchantName, string merchantCategory)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;{&lt;br&gt;&#xA;MerchantDomain = merchantDomain;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;MerchantName = merchantName;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;MerchantCategory = merchantCategory;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;// etc...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;}&lt;br&gt;&#xA;}&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;// Somewhere in your initialization code&lt;br&gt;&#xA;public static MerchantInfo Merchant1 = new MerchantInfo(&quot;myMerchantDomain1&quot;, &quot;myMerchantName1&quot;, &quot;myMerchantCategory1&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&#xA;public static MerchantInfo Merchant2 = new MerchantInfo(&quot;myMerchantDomain2&quot;, &quot;myMerchantName2&quot;, &quot;myMerchantCategory2&quot;);&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Two, you can still update one of your common merchants if you need to do something one-off:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;// In your test case:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Merchant1.myMerchantCategory = &quot;blah&quot;;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;newMerchantPage.addEditMerchant(Merchant1);&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;OR, you can create a brand new merchant object for a specific test case if necessary.  You can also do things like field validation either using these objects, or what I normally do is break the page object pattern for specific field validation, so if I am validating the merchant domain field I might do this:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Merchant1.MerchantDomain = null; //This should make the addEditMerchant function skip doing anything with this field.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;newMerchantPage.addEditMerchant(Merchant1);&lt;br&gt;&#xA;newMerchantPage.MerchantDomainTextBox.Text = &quot;field validation string&quot;;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hope this helps!&#xA;Edit: I just realized I forgot another important advantage of this approach.  This makes it so that if the new merchant page is ever updated to add, remove or modify fields, you would only need to update your MerchantInfo object and addEditMerchant function, and would not need to modify specific test cases that call the addEditMerchant function - assuming they are using one of your common MerchantInfo objects.&#xA;Another possibility to get more coverage would be to set up one of your common merchant objects to generate random strings for each of the fields that comply to the min/max length and cycle between all different allowed characters.  This allows you to get some additional testing out of the same set of tests, although it could also add some noise if you start getting failure results only from specific strings, so be careful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2011-09-15T20:28:39.190" LastActivityDate="2011-09-15T20:28:39.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1665" CreationDate="2011-09-16T15:23:18.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several reasons to organize related groups tests into different test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose&lt;/strong&gt; - the fundamental purpose of a functional test is different then the purpose of a performance test, or a stress test, etc., and thus provide us with different information about the product being tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scheduling&lt;/strong&gt; - tests organized into suites enable the test team to schedule sets of tests on new builds. For example, we organize tests by groups such as Unit tests, BITS (similar to BVT), P1's, P2, Stress, Performance, Battery, etc. This allows us to prioritize which tests get ran firts on each new build, and also allows us to executed specific categories of test suites if desired at different frequencies during the build cycle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Criticality&lt;/strong&gt; - if each test case in each suite is properly designed and bucketed correctly, a failing test case in the P2 bucket may not carry the same weight as a failing P1 test (assuming the failure is properly investigated). For example, failing BITS/BVT must be fixed immediately because they are considered to be breaking the build. Failing P1s should be fixed before the next scheduled merge into the main build, and failing P2s should be fixed before next milestone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measurement&lt;/strong&gt; - Occasionally managers will use test pass rates of certain types of test categories to establish exit criteria goals.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assignment&lt;/strong&gt; - sometimes 'specialists' might be assigned to write performance tests, or approve performance tests. The same with fixing bugs in certain areas. Some developers are more adept at troubleshooting and fixing performance issues, or reviewing code structures for performant designs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure others can come up with other reasons to categorize test suites as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-09-16T15:23:18.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1605" CreationDate="2011-09-16T22:47:40.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a little puzzled as to why you have two separate TFS servers. What was the reasoning behind this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That aside, your (or one of your developers) best route is to get to grips with the TFS API and code your way out of this situation. There are lots of examples for the API, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.larswilhelmsen.com/2010/05/05/migrating-work-items-from-one-tfs-project-to-another/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this is one&lt;/a&gt; that should get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your company are going to persist with this odd TFS setup, you might want to consider extending that code sample to run a scheduled sync between the two servers. The recommended solution would of course to use just one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1292" LastActivityDate="2011-09-16T22:47:40.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1966" CreationDate="2011-09-17T00:24:52.370" Score="12" ViewCount="2567" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team uses a security testing tool called Burp Suite.  We currently try to manually run it once a release.  One of my tasks is to determine if/how we can make that into more of an automated process.  It does have an API, as do other pen testing tools but there are some challenges that I forsee that I don't have good answers for and I wanted to see if anyone else has been successful with security testing automation and how they approached it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me start by providing a simplified view of our manual process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define the attack surface.  Find all of the urls we want to attack&#xA;(use the tool's crawler, and then add any additional orphaned urls).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modify the settings to filter out some of the common security&#xA;vulnerabilities that we know are not issues with our product to&#xA;reduce the noise. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the tool and get back a ton of warnings/errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go through the warnings/errors as time allows to determine if there&#xA;are actual security bugs or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main problems I see with security testing automation are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each set of penetration tests has multiple actual tests&#xA;(thousands of them) that it performs and are not logged as&#xA;individual tests, so I get multiple pass/fail/warning for each&#xA;&quot;test&quot;. It is hard to push these results into our existing reporting infrastructure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The results from one set of tests can produce multiple informational &#xA;messages/warnings/errors that are weighted by severity&#xA;as well as likelihood of being an actual error.  Going through those&#xA;results is a time consuming manual process and since the results are&#xA;&quot;squishy&quot; it is difficult to translate to a pass/fail. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once I investigate a failure and determine it is not an actual bug, I can&#xA;filter out similar failures for future runs, but I may end up having&#xA;a different but similar issue in a later build that actually is a&#xA;security bug that because of my filtering I no longer get an error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone successfully automated some or all of this process?  I believe that there are some pieces we could automate or maybe use our tool more intelligently, but at the end of the day I don't see a way around a pretty intensive manual process of sifting through the results.  I would love to be proven wrong if anyone has had success in automating this process, or reducing the amount of manual labor involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-01-14T17:33:59.477" Title="Is there a successful approach to automating security testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2011-09-17T13:59:22.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seapine.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Seapine Test Case Manager&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="736" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-20T23:17:41.637" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T23:17:41.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1822" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1823" CreationDate="2011-09-18T15:39:24.163" Score="5" ViewCount="3066" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team uses Selenium 2.0/webdriver to test our enterprise web app. We've been learning and playing with webdriver commands for a while. Each team member has their own style to keep their script files. Now we are trying to settle the file/folder structure that suitable for everyone. We want to keep our structure clean and scale for our automation. Currently the file/folder structure looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;\bin &amp;lt;&amp;lt; for script runner, shell scripts, automation utility etc. &#xA;\lib &amp;lt;&amp;lt; for common/organizational APIs e.g. login/logout api &#xA;\projects  &#xA;\projects\projA &amp;lt;&amp;lt; this is where our Selenium scripts reside &#xA;\projects\projA\config &amp;lt;&amp;lt; some config/parameters, GUI mapping, testbed files &#xA;\projects\projA\lib &amp;lt;&amp;lt; project specific library &#xA;\projects\projA\data &amp;lt;&amp;lt; test data ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I am not sure what's missing and if this is good enough. I am also interested in knowing how other people do this, too. Please share/comment.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="767" LastActivityDate="2011-10-26T03:55:43.510" Title="Selenium 2.0 Webdriver file structure for automation testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1822" CreationDate="2011-09-18T19:21:31.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is nothing inherently clean or good about a directory structure.  Rather, the virtue of a directory structure is in relationship to your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a directory structure now.  Have you or any of your teammates noticed any problems with it?  If not, it is a good directory structure for now.  Later, circumstances may change, and the directory structure may no longer meet your needs.  You can try to anticipate future circumstances now, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.freakonomics.com/2011/09/14/new-freakonomics-radio-podcast-the-folly-of-prediction/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;most of us are not as good at predicting the future as we think&lt;/a&gt;.  Alternatively, you can be open-minded about changing the filesystem when changes are justified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-09-18T19:26:44.683" LastActivityDate="2011-09-18T19:26:44.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1824" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1829" CreationDate="2011-09-18T19:54:18.337" Score="6" ViewCount="12085" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would you say was the role of a software tester in an agile environment?&#xA;Is it just testing and logging bugs or is it more important to work closely with the project architects and developers to improve the design and code early on?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="524" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:37:48.887" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T20:08:02.447" Title="The role of a software tester in an agile environment?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1824" CreationDate="2011-09-18T20:32:48.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Manifesto&lt;/a&gt; talks about this principle: &lt;em&gt;Individuals and interactions over processes and tools&lt;/em&gt;.  There are no absolute rules for the role of a software tester in an agile environment, except that the tester must test.  Aside from that, the software tester's role depends upon the skills and interests of the relevant parties and their interpersonal relationships.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a tester has strong design and coding skills and has a good rapport with the project architects and developers, it may make sense for the tester to invest time in those areas.  If the tester is not a strong designer or coder, or if the project architects and developers are not receptive to the tester's design and coding suggestions, or if the software tester is not receptive to his suggestions being rejected when there are good reasons for doing so, the tester should think twice about early involvement in designing and coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A software tester's primary job is to test; otherwise, they would not be called a software tester.  Regardless of how much satisfaction a tester feels when involved in early design and coding, and regardless of how much they contribute in those areas, it is important that the tester test and log bugs.  If an individual does not want to test, or does not feel it is important, they should not be a software tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-09-18T20:32:48.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1824" CreationDate="2011-09-18T23:10:19.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an agile environment, more people test, and fewer people only test. Developers write and run tests. Testers start doing things that they didn't formerly do, but which make great use of their testing skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what follows, I use the word &lt;em&gt;tester&lt;/em&gt; in a slightly unusual way, to mean &quot;people who can apply testing skills,&quot; regardless of their job title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A key new job of testers is to help describe the features. Just before a feature enters development, testers and others meet with the product owner to talk about the feature. One goal of the conversation is to create a set of &lt;em&gt;examples&lt;/em&gt; that help describe the feature in concrete terms. Good testers are a great help here, because they know how to detect ambiguity, and they know how to think of relevant scenarios that haven't yet been considered. Applying those skills &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; development starts, rather than during or after development, means that everyone on the team understand the feature more fully. So testers, instead of &quot;only&quot; detecting problems, help to prevent them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some testers will have programming skills. They can help to turn the examples into automated tests, typically during development. Not all testers have that skill, and not have the ability or desire to become skilled at that. More and more &quot;testing&quot; jobs require it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the key examples are described up front, and if they are automated so that anyone on the team can run them at any time, what's left for testers to do? Exploratory testing. You help the team identify risks and doubts and concerns. Then you run tests to explore those. Exploratory testing means simultaneously designing tests, running tests, and learning about the system. It's very different from tests defined up front. Each test gives you information, which you then use to think up and choose the next test. You can begin exploring as soon as there's something to execute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also during development, testers can help developers build their skills at testing. In an agile environment, developers typically write lots of unit tests. Many developers can benefit from working with a good tester to build skills at designing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do a google search for &quot;exploratory testing.&quot; Also important is &quot;session-based testing,&quot; as developed by Jon Bach and James Bach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-09-18T23:10:19.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1824" CreationDate="2011-09-19T04:19:17.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure &quot;more important&quot; is the way I would phrase it.  The way we approach agile is to  to deliver software the customer wants quickly with high quality.  What does this mean for a Tester?  Members of our teams work together to complete tasks.  This means a tester could do a code review, help write out requirements, code functionality, pretty much anything.  The goal is to complete the project.  If your time is best spent doing one of the above tasks, that's what you work on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this mean the testing piece isn't important?  Absolutely not.  Testing is just as important in agile as it is in waterfall.  In fact in my experience, testing in an agile environment is easier.  Not because of the methodology exactly, but because the team members work together more.  There is much less fighting between developers, testers, and project managers.  Everyone's goal is the same (at least from my experience).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess a quick summary of how I would describe my position would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a team member with an emphasis on testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-09-19T04:19:17.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1824" CreationDate="2011-09-19T13:27:39.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Honestly, I would think the role of a tester is more than just finding &amp;amp; logging bugs in any project (agile, waterfall, seat-of-your-pants develpment, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being a good testing isn't just passively sitting &amp;amp; waiting for code to come over the wall then test.  At any point in a project if you notice something, have an idea or something you feel you can do/contribute, find something you don't understand, or just get that 'feeling' it is a tester's job to bring that to the full team.  We want it addressed early &amp;amp; as cheaply as possible in the development.  That could be day 2 in a sprint or half way down the V in Verification/Validation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2011-09-19T13:27:39.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1824" CreationDate="2011-09-19T15:37:29.857" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The role of a software tester in an agile environment - as with any other environment - is whatever it needs to be for that specific project. Sometimes there'll be a lot of close-up work with design as well testing (I personally think of design as the testing that happens before you start testing, because that's where a lot of the potentially problematic issues get sorted out), sometimes less so. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of how your particular projects and workplace sorts out, there are a few things that need to happen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There needs to be something that documents what was tested, how, and why. This isn't so much for record-keeping purposes unless the industry you're working with requires that, as for future reference. It's not uncommon for someone to refer to old test documentation to sort out how a particular feature works and what areas of it are likely to be problematic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There needs to be at least some coordination with the programmers so you're not duplicating work. If there are a lot of unit tests in place covering the logic of the feature, the tester can focus much more on external validations. The idea is to work with the other members of the team so that your specialty, testing, supports theirs and theirs supports yours (this being the world of theory, such wonderful things are quite feasible. In the world I live in, or at least the place I work for, things are still somewhat in flux).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There also needs to be a fair amount of communication and coordination with the product owner. All the different roles in the team should be working together, and the product owner is the effective oracle on whether the feature you're building is the &lt;em&gt;right&lt;/em&gt; feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience with an employer in transition between waterfall and agile, I've found that I wind up initiating a lot of the communication and coordination. That may be an artefact of my employer's environment, where there is no greenfields development and the application codebase includes routines that go back over 20 years - as a tester, I've worked across a large range of it, and tend to have a broader view of what interacts with which than programmers (who naturally focus on the features they're developing or the bugs they're fixing) or product owners (who with my employer tend to have deep knowledge of the feature developments they've worked with but not the broad base of interaction).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all, the role can be whatever you make of it, if you approach it with tact as well as enthusiasm. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-09-19T15:37:29.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-09-19T18:47:31.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;non-intended use case&quot; scenario -- using a feature in exactly the wrong way. Most rookie testers have a tough time conceptualizing this in their nuts-and-bolts testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1332" LastActivityDate="2011-09-19T18:47:31.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1831" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-19T19:07:42.967" Score="5" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What is the industry-standard method of creating multiple environments on one physical machine?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to test multiple Web applications in multiple browsers on multiple OSes -- like everyone else. I know there are ways to have non-local instances of these environments; I'm wondering what is the one with the most exposure or ease. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some thoughts I've had are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using a local machine with maxed out RAM and a bunch of virtual machines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;opening a few Amazon EC2 instances with the various environments, and RDP-ing into them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;exploring an existing Web app, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.browserstack.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1332" LastEditorUserId="1332" LastEditDate="2011-09-26T15:32:01.283" LastActivityDate="2011-09-26T17:19:17.320" Title="What are my options for non-local environment creation?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1798" CreationDate="2011-09-19T20:41:26.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you can do is run your tests within a transaction and assert your expected outcomes. When you are finished you can roll back the transaction. This will leave your database in the original state. This is easy to set up using spring with junit. You would have to have your developers implement this test for you. You can also use Selenium 2 or Webdriver to run your application in a web browser if it's a web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1333" LastActivityDate="2011-09-19T20:41:26.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1833" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-20T08:45:14.350" Score="4" ViewCount="2082" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now as per default setting I am able to get screen shot for failed status but not for pass, per as per the requirement I need to attach for pass as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any one please suggest any framework or function for that .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1338" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T11:25:46.670" Title="How to add screen shot for pass status in UI Automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1833" CreationDate="2011-09-20T10:44:35.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium should work.  Not sure if Watir/Watin supports this.  If Selenium doesn't cut it for you, I've incorperated SnagIt into previous automation suites for screenshots at specific times.  The only downside to the SnagIt route is that it would need to be installed on whatever machine happens to be running the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-09-20T10:44:35.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1833" CreationDate="2011-09-20T11:27:52.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Right now as per default setting I am able to get screen shot for failed status but not for pass&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What test automation tool are you using?  Most tools have the capability of taking a screenshot at any time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask.  It has a HardCopy() function that is simple to use for these types of situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-09-20T11:27:52.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1831" CreationDate="2011-09-20T11:30:57.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use a set of servers, each hosting several Virtuals.  This gives us the combinations of OSes and Browsers we need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-09-20T11:30:57.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1831" CreationDate="2011-09-20T22:31:48.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://saucelabs.com/ondemand&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sauce On Demand&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; with several clients, and quite like their services. The OSes and browsers run on their machines, and connect (in a variety of ways) to your servers. &lt;em&gt;Sauce On Demand&lt;/em&gt; is for automated tests, driven by Selenium or WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They also offer &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://saucelabs.com/docs/scout&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Scout&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for running manual tests through their OS/browser combos. I haven't used that, but you try it for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-09-20T22:31:48.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1831" CreationDate="2011-09-21T12:12:37.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used VMWare in the past to maintain different environments and load them as needed, it allowed us to always maintain the right state for the machine I wanted to test with and we'd load it and then run the tests we wanted.  This covered various browsers, browser versions and OSes.  Microsoft's Virtual Server was an option at one point as well, though I found VMWare more stable previously, not sure what state Virtual Server is in these days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-09-21T12:12:37.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1839" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-21T16:36:07.773" Score="18" ViewCount="830" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay, so I know we can't test every scenario possible, it's just not possible. But I want to get any ideas for making tests more comprehensive and getting the QA team to find problems before the code hits production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a sizable and very configurable system and we're trying to update some major functionality with it. The problem is that every time we try to go to production something goes wrong and we hit the panic button and restore from backup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are now being asked why these problems didn't show up in QA or our unit tests and don't have any real good answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a build server that runs after ever check-in,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;many unit tests (2000+ tests with over 60% coverage), but there's room for more,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a QA environment that is similar to production (3 servers instead of 4 and older hardware, but same config and OS) however it does not have as much data as production and what it does have can get out of date,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;several in house people that we can have spend hours on QA,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and extensive error logging.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are we just going to have to deal with the fact that we can't find every thing that could go wrong or are there techniques to make it more likely to find the problem before end users see it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1348" OwnerDisplayName="David Hogue" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T15:34:49.077" Title="How do you test for everything that could go wrong?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="13" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-21T16:49:08.910" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would have a staging enviroment thats an exact clone of live. Then when you have to rollback a bug you can also track it down and fix it on the staging enviroment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have a comprehensive list of bugs and their causes you can work on finding trends and stopping them happening again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1346" OwnerDisplayName="Tom Squires" LastActivityDate="2011-09-21T16:49:08.910" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-21T16:53:57.547" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Errors occur when some user enters data that is different than the&#xA;  test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzz_testing&quot;&gt;Fuzz testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in addition to &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_testing&quot;&gt;boundary testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; could help. Really any kind of randomly generated or randomly mutated data (by your business rules) can help find these kinds of errors. &lt;strong&gt;Dedicated testers&lt;/strong&gt; who try to break the system and who do not just test that it is working properly are usually very good at finding malicious input or malicious data combinations, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's mostly just some change that affects another area and slipped&#xA;  through testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lately I've seen such errors mostly in the UI (with WPF) when there're already a bunch of unit tests for the business logic around. Someone changes a control template and some other things don't work properly anymore or do not look right. Automated UI tests can help with this but they're really tedious to create and maintain. Dedicated testers can find such things quite quickly, though. If it's the business logic that is failing, then create &lt;strong&gt;more unit tests&lt;/strong&gt; and aim for a &lt;strong&gt;higher coverage&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Code contracts&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;tighter constraints on the database&lt;/strong&gt; might help, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1354" OwnerDisplayName="Falcon" LastActivityDate="2011-09-21T18:05:01.193" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-21T17:08:03.780" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;60% code coverage means there's lots of room for improvement in your unit tests. However, coming up with unit tests to handle situations far from the happy path can be rather tough. Your unit tests will never test all the ways things can go bump in the night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A human can come pretty close. Hire a tester. They are cheap and incredibly cost effective. A good tester will emulate two key behaviors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sheer stupidity, to cover the stupid mistakes made by your less than optimal users: &lt;em&gt;What happens if I do this? Well isn't that interesting. Time to open a bug report.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sheer evil, to cover the stupid mistakes made by your less than optimal programmers: &lt;em&gt;What happens if I do &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt;? Well isn't that interesting. Time to open yet another bug report.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let the tester work with the product under development and you won't have so many interesting problems at release time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="David Hammen" LastActivityDate="2011-09-21T17:08:03.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-21T17:11:01.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We also have such a complicated system, and actually, I've asked another question regarding the same issue. What we do now, is that we have a pair of &lt;strong&gt;twin servers&lt;/strong&gt; with up to the finest similarities, including installed applications, hardware specification, network capabilities, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of them is our &lt;strong&gt;production server&lt;/strong&gt; and the other is &lt;strong&gt;testing server&lt;/strong&gt; (AKA staging server by many developers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we don't have unit tests at all. The only thing that increased our quality was that, we made our plans such that, each and every deploy should stay in testing phase for a sprint. This means that at the end of each sprint (production cycle), we deploy our new features to our test environment, and we take our testing server very seriously. I mean, we avoid any undo, or anything like that to the most strictest level. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our testers also are not simply testers withing company. We actually have sold some of these applications (on our test server) to some of our clients &lt;strong&gt;free of charge&lt;/strong&gt;, so that they can test it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, we usually get lots of bugs during testing phase. I know that we have terms like beta, alpha, CTP, RM, R2, etc. But, hey, after all, what matters is that, we took a strategy that made everybody happy, and increased our quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my suggestion is that you can deploy to a test server (which is behaved just like a normal production server by you, and you would take it seriously and respect it) and define a period for testing cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12130" OwnerDisplayName="Saeed Neamati" LastActivityDate="2011-09-21T17:11:01.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-21T17:28:32.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You really want to try test as much as possible? Try building a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2011/04/working-with-the-chaos-monkey.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chaos Monkey&lt;/a&gt; and see how fault tolerant your system is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1349" OwnerDisplayName="Nicholas Smith" LastActivityDate="2011-09-21T17:28:32.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1833" CreationDate="2011-09-21T20:05:12.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This, honestly, sounds like default behavior for &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestComplete&lt;/a&gt; by SmartBear.  There's a setting that, when log entry categorized as &quot;Error&quot; is made (either automatically by the engine or by a deliberate &quot;Log.Error()&quot; call), it will capture the current desktop as an image in the log file (image below is from the project properties in the Playback option).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/E5cUw.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Post image on error option&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the tool is TestComplete, then, all you need to do is explicitly call the &quot;Log.Picture()&quot; method on a successful run of a test.  Insert that in your code and you have a screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're using keyword tests, you would need to use the &quot;Post Screenshot&quot; operation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Vlko.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Post Screenshot operation&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will put the screenshot into your log as well in the same fashion that Log.Picture does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your tool is not TestComplete, then I'm pretty sure there are similar functions/methods/features in other testing packages that can do the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-09-21T20:05:12.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-22T11:39:53.083" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;several in house people that we can have spend hours on QA&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these several people professional QAers/testers?  Or just folks with a few hours of free time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How long did it take to design and develop the updates to your major functionality? Perhaps instead of &quot;hours on QA&quot;, you need &quot;days&quot; or &quot;weeks&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you performed a root cause analysis for any of the problems you are seeing?  It's difficult to determine a solution if you don't really know the cause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-09-22T11:39:53.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1831" CreationDate="2011-09-22T14:07:11.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We work on the MS Stack, so we have servers with SCVMM on them. Using MTM and the Lab Management features allows you to spin up environments for test runs (for automation as well). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance and environment could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows Server 2008 R2 web server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 7 Client machine with IE9&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... or any combination of server/client OS' and browser (just happens to be one I'm working with now).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That environment can be used by the the whole team or cloned so that each person has their own set of environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can get more complicated like 3-tier + client environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initial configuration and setup of the architecture to support this and configuring the software and environments takes a while though. It's not a small undertaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="971" LastActivityDate="2011-09-22T14:07:11.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1831" CreationDate="2011-09-22T17:49:38.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use VMWare or Microsoft's Hyper-V or any other virtualization software.  Microsoft's Lab Manager gives you even more and uses Hyper-V and there are other similar tools as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that I would point out though is that you have an assumption that you need to include OS in your matrix of testing web sites.  I would assert that a spot check would be fine for any Windows based OS and you don't need to include different OS's in your normal rotation.  In my 13 years testing websites the number of issues found in different OS's is miniscule and in my opinion including those in a test matrix is a huge waste of time and resources better spent elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One exception to that is if you are using ActiveX controls, Flash, Silverlight, etc. which could function differently on different OS's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another exception is non-PC platforms (Mac/Linux) where obviously you will have different browser versions which could also function differently.  I have definitely seen some differences in functionality and rendering between Safari/Firefox on Mac VS PC.  For your question, you will want to include those in a test matrix.  Keep in mind from an automation standpoint though that while your automation will find functional issues, you still need to do a manual spot check in those browsers for any rendering issues anyways, so again trying to put a lot of effort into automating that process may not be that cost effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-09-22T17:49:38.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1851" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-22T22:35:09.897" Score="3" ViewCount="1835" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to run Selenium on a Windows server and have multiple testers connect to it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If two users connect at the same time and both ask to run a test against a browser, will Selenium start two separate instances of the browser and run the two sets of tests independently? What if the browser requested is IE?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If two users are connected at the same time, can one see what tests the other is running?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="659" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T10:27:20.300" Title="Running Selenium as a service with multiple users" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1851" CreationDate="2011-09-23T03:27:32.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally this is not a good idea. Your users will be competing for computer resources and there is the potential of having &quot;session corruption&quot; where one browser affects the other when authentication and server side session state, and system dialogue boxes are factored in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should use multiple virtual machines being hosted on a single server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-09-23T03:27:32.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1034" CreationDate="2011-09-23T03:53:44.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that you have four options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Purchase a commercial tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Utilise the Windows UI automation API to automate the components, if they correctly implement the accessibility APIs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manipulate the component by calling javascript directly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do a dodgy workaround using tab and other sendkeys.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-09-23T03:53:44.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1833" CreationDate="2011-09-23T04:12:14.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that you are talking about using CodedUI tests that are part of Microsoft Test Manager, which only take a screenshot on failed tests. You can write some code to capture the image and call as part of your cleanup before you close the browser. Watin has code to do this which you can see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.java2s.com/Open-Source/CSharp/Web-Testing/WatiN/WatiN/Core/UnitTests/CaptureWebPageToFileTests.cs.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-09-23T04:12:14.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-23T14:18:56.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I were asked to help troubleshoot, I would begin by asking whether your production problems appear during deployment or after the system has been in deployment for a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the problems appear during deployment, I would next ask whether you deploy your QA environment is exactly the same way you deploy the production system, taking into account the hardware differences you described.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After ruling out any deployment issues, I would ask whether your bugs are in specific areas or are systemic.  Judging from your question, the bugs are systemic.  In that case, for each bug, I would ask whether the bug should have been caught by an automated test or a manual test.  If an automated test, I would ask whether the author(s) of the test knew why the test did not find the bug.  If a manual test, I would ask whether the manual tests are documented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-09-24T12:09:05.753" LastActivityDate="2011-09-24T12:09:05.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1804" CreationDate="2011-09-23T17:18:14.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I agree in the main with Tom77's answer. From a security perspective abuse/misuse lead to the same consequences. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I would also suggest that misuse cases should be used as inputs to ongoing design and implementation reviews. Try to reduce the possibility of misuse. If the user can accidentally misuse the system then they will also have a lowered user satisfaction experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="758" LastActivityDate="2011-09-23T17:18:14.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1859" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1860" CreationDate="2011-09-23T17:20:10.003" Score="6" ViewCount="4794" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to organize a functional test suite for the UI in a CRUD web application using TestNG-style Selenium 2/WebDriver tests.  I've isolated page-interaction logic into distinct page objects, and currently have one testing class with a big, inflexible, non-modular @Test method.  The method navigates through my application's workflow, interacting with each page via its corresponding page object, making assertions about pages' state, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach works at a basic level, but I would like to leverage TestNG's reporting capabilities more, and make my test suite more modular.  My first attempt to do this has led me to try dividing up that one big @Test method such that distinct tasks in the application's workflow each get their own @Test method.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with those more modular @Test methods is that I have them returning page objects.  However, TestNG seems to ignore methods that don't return &lt;code&gt;void&lt;/code&gt;, even if the method is annotated with @Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's an example of how to properly leverage TestNG in Selenium 1 at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/selenium.html&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/selenium.html&lt;/a&gt;, but it doesn't use page objects.  Ideally, I'd like to use page objects and have a testng.xml file set up similar to that in the linked example, where each @Test method builds on the result of the previously-listed @Test method, testing sequence-dependent tasks that make up a workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any open source examples of how I could accomplish this?  Or would someone familiar with WebDriver/Java/TestNG/page objects be willing to show how the example at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/selenium.html&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/selenium.html&lt;/a&gt; could be reworked to use page objects while retaining TestNG's ability to report test-by-test results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1361" LastActivityDate="2018-05-26T04:54:32.497" Title="How should I organize a TestNG suite for Selenium 2 WebDriver tests that use page objects?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1859" CreationDate="2011-09-23T19:19:22.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that you can't return a page object, you might have each test stuff its last page object into a member variable, so that the next test can access it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is ugly, of course, because it increases the dependence between tests, and does so in a not-exactly-obvious way. But the results might give ideas about what to do next. And if it's too ugly you can always revert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's another possibility, which seems more complex than it's worth: Each test gets its starting page object from a factory, which determines which page object to create based on information it discovers from the browser (URL, title, some other info).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-09-23T19:19:22.883" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1887" CreationDate="2011-09-23T19:33:27.100" Score="3" ViewCount="19622" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm automating a part of the User Profile UI we have using WebDriver Selenium 2, I'm coding in Visual Studio so I am using the .Net version as I am more comfortable in C#, and I am testing this with IE8.  Part of the problem I am having is that the User Profile page using tabs to actively display User Address information or User Interests - the flow that happens when going through the page is that the User Address information appears then after a Save Changes button is selected the User Interests tab is then made active.  I'd like to make a small change in the User Address information, get to the User Interests and just save all changes by selecting the button on the User Interests page.  Since its all one page, and just the active tabs change what information is displayed, the problem I am encountering with Web Driver is that the Elements become stale by the time I get to User Interests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically the page is set up so that Tab1 - User Address, Tab2 - User Interests.  Only one is actively displayed at one time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to refresh the elements?  I am already doing FindElements when the page updates to pull in the Page Elements, I thought this would do a DOM refresh but that does not seem to be happening.  Originally I thought this was a JQuery problem, as the Interests page has three Taxonomy drop downs that are populated, but I've finally isolated it to the button being unable to be selected, even through FindElements seems to return something.  When I go to use Sendkeys on the button I usually get an Element is no longer valid error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe if I was able to refresh the DOM then this would go away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code I am using is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        while (!((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(&quot;return jQuery.active;&quot;).ToString().Equals(&quot;0&quot;));&#xA;        Assert.True(driver.PageSource.Contains(&quot;Topics of Interest&quot;));&#xA;        wait.Until(webDriver =&amp;gt; driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_SavePersonalizationButton&quot;)));&#xA;        IWebElement saveButton2 = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_SavePersonalizationButton&quot;));&#xA;        wait.Until(webDriver =&amp;gt; saveButton2.Displayed);&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(saveButton2.Displayed);&#xA;        saveButton2.SendKeys(Keys.Enter);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The while is my JQuery check to make sure nothing is running on the page.  Then I added the Assert to make sure that the User Interests header is appearing so that I can be sure it's displayed (although since the text is on the source anyway regardless of which tab displays it passes).  The waits were to make sure the elements are appearing on the page, not sure if I need this though.&#xA;Edit:&#xA;So my problem comes down to being able to detect the change from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;RoundedBox Tab inactive&quot; onclick=&quot;toggleActiveTab (this, 'ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_PersonalizationTab')&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;RoundedBox Tab&quot; onclick=&quot;toggleActiveTab(this, 'ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_PersonalizationTab')&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I believe this will be resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2011-09-30T12:44:39.427" LastActivityDate="2011-10-03T12:22:40.527" Title="What is a good way to refresh page elements when using WebDriver .Net with IE 8?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-24T05:38:16.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often unit tests verify that the happy path works, and that errors are handled correctly on a per-method basis. So it can be more fruitful to focus your testing on (a) less common paths, that nonetheless cause disproportionate customer dissatisfaction (your signup may work perfectly, but does your Unsubscribe have an endless loop?), and (b) end to end error behavior - if you actually let one of those unit test error states go through your stack to the user, are they going to get an error reporting and recovery experience you'd be proud of?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2011-09-24T05:38:16.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-24T14:39:45.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, there's no silver bullet for solving the problem you have mentioned. This is a learning experience every testing team has to go through and improve upon their testing process from feedback from the customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;James Whittaker's book &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321636414&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Exploratory Software Testing: Tips, Tricks, Tours, and Techniques to Guide Test Design&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is an excellent resource. Implementing exploratory testing will certainly help in going a long way in improving quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jerry Weinberg's book &lt;em&gt;Perfect Software: And Other Illusions about Testing&lt;/em&gt; is also another good resource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, unit tests do not address quality issues encountered by your customers. A good unit test suite is absolutely necessary for finding code-level regression issues. Training your QA staff to &quot;think like the customer&quot; is one of the important aspects for a successful testing effort. QA staff should be acting as customer advocates, questioning and scrutinizing every requirement, GUI, documentation and all the deliverables. Encourage the testing staff to go beyond the documented test cases and acceptance tests.  James Whittaker's book provides a very good framework around which testers can perform these tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this answers the question to some degree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1202" LastEditorUserId="18264" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T15:34:49.077" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T15:34:49.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1839" CreationDate="2011-09-24T18:29:00.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;David,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great general question and great job backing it up with specific details.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been focused on answering the question &quot;how can software testers find the most defects using the smallest possible amount of time / fewest number of tests?&quot; for the last five years.  Whenever testers are trying to address the problem of &quot;too many possible things to test in a limited amount of time,&quot; I strongly recommend they give pairwise and/or more thorough combinatorial test design approaches a try.  These test design approaches are custom-made to solve this specific challenge.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are three videos I posted last week that provide an introduction to this important (and, in my opinion, under-appreciated) topic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intro to pairwise and combinatorial software testing --&gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFH4QnymGGc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFH4QnymGGc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intro to pairwise and combinatorial software testing (cont.) --&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Za5aQAMIq_g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Za5aQAMIq_g&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to think about test inputs in pairwise and combinatorial software testing --&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZHha-nGvcM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZHha-nGvcM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These kinds of test design approaches can be made to work very well for virtually any System Under Test.  And they can be particularly powerful in situations similar to yours (e.g., systems with multiple configurations options and a lot of complexity).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Will the tests generated through these test design approaches&#xA;identify every single useful test? No.  They will generate a&#xA;fantastically varied and potent &quot;starter set&quot; of tests that you would&#xA;want to supplement with additional tests you devise (particularly&#xA;negative tests). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could they generate most of the tests you would want?  Yes (provided&#xA;you select test inputs thoughtfully).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would the tests generated by this approach find a disproportionately&#xA;high number of defects as compared to most other manual approaches to&#xA;selecting test conditions to use in test cases?  Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could you get started to quickly test out if this approach would&#xA;be helpful in your context?  One way would be to follow the &quot;use a&#xA;maximum of 3 values per parameter&quot; approach described in the third&#xA;video.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why are these test design approaches tend to be so powerful as&#xA;compared to manually-selected test case selection methods?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More variability is generated between tests (e.g., ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... the amount of repetition from test case to test case is scientifically minimized), and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will achieve 100% coverage of every pair of test inputs with simple pairwise test plans; 84% of defects in production today could have been detected by simple pairwise tests.(1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will achieve 100% coverage of all triples or all quadruples by quickly &quot;turning the coverage dial up;&quot; this approach to designing your tests allows you to focus your tests on where you'll most likely get the &quot;biggest bang for your buck&quot; and will allow you to make a conscious choice - with input from your business stakeholders - about whether the appropriate number of tests in a given situation is (a) the most powerful few dozen tests, or (b) the most powerful few hundred tests, or (c) the most powerful few thousand tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope these suggestions help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Justin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) Findings from four studies supporting the finding that ~84% of defects in production today could be triggered during testing by executing well-thought-out pairwise tests are described in this article published in IEEE Computer magazine: &lt;a href=&quot;http://app.hexawise.com/Combinatorial-Software-Testing-Case-Studies-IEEE-Computer-Kuhn-Kacker-Lei-Hunter.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://app.hexawise.com/Combinatorial-Software-Testing-Case-Studies-IEEE-Computer-Kuhn-Kacker-Lei-Hunter.pdf&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2011-09-24T18:29:00.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1560" CreationDate="2011-09-25T20:06:12.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hackthissite.org/pages/index/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.hackthissite.org/pages/index/index.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as well as the OWASP &amp;amp; Google sites mentioned above&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-09-25T20:06:12.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1801" CreationDate="2011-09-25T20:29:39.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe a scripting language (like Perl) would enable you to parse an XLS for certain data, if you knew what you were looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Never done it myself though...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-09-25T20:29:39.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="400" CreationDate="2011-09-25T20:33:38.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This has been posted on Twitter by STC quite recently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/video?sort=mostPopular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/video?sort=mostPopular&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-09-25T20:33:38.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1820" CreationDate="2011-09-25T20:44:28.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So is your code lacking in security testability? I believe Burpsuite should allow creation &amp;amp; running of automated scripts - is it possible to get automated security testing hooks into your code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Burpsuite can't do it, there are tools out there that will, although I don't know how they compare to Burpsuite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the short term, you are manually checking the logs - you could easily write a script to parse out the actual threats from just the noise. These could be output into an csv / xls file for easy filtering &amp;amp; interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-09-25T20:44:28.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1831" CreationDate="2011-09-26T17:19:17.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not believe there is a single, industry standard, but I am sure there are many vendors who have a different opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of the approaches you mentioned is worth exploring.  If you need to support Windows, the Amazon and browserstack approaches may be the least expensive to evaluate because you will not need to purchase Windows licenses.  Of course the relative long-term costs will depend upon other factors, e.g. how often and for how long you need those environments to be running and whether multiple environments need to run at the same time.  (I assume they do need to run at the same time, because otherwise you would not perceive the need to max out your RAM.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-09-26T17:19:17.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1872" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-27T15:52:49.967" Score="4" ViewCount="513" Body="&lt;p&gt;I m a tester using VS 2008 - Test edition for performing web testing on web applications. So got a suite of web tests for different web applications in our company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently I was asked to perform Load testing for around 2500 to 5K users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently VS 2008 can allow upto 1K Vusers as load but to create some load like 2500 to 5K Vusers,  with respect to the information on MSDN I need to use Load Agents ( atleast 5 Load  Agents)  and which Microsoft provide only 190 day trail or 25 test runs for the load agents software. Once I have run 25 tests then I think I cant use it unless i change the users ( which might breach the license).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft's recomendation in thier product configuration and installation section is to get a license per processor ( under test), but thier is no clear information on how much they cost. Since I need to raise a call to my manager ( who maintaince the volume licensing) about how much they cost and convience them, I need some information which I couldnt find it googling or on MSDN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly on MSDN they are recommending VS2010 Ultimate version which is expensive and my management has rejected my request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if anyone who has or currently using VS2008 test edition, Can  please let me know what might be the licensing cost  for the VS Load Agent 2008 which I think is per processor ( for load agents rather than cost per load agent)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any experience of using the Visual Studio Team System 2008 Test Load Agent ( like advantages or disadvantages) would be really helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1376" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T16:18:43.497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T16:18:43.497" Title="Visual Studio Team System 2008 Test Load Agent - Query on &quot;Usefulness and Licensing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1874" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-28T11:39:24.080" Score="4" ViewCount="422" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a system that involves XMLs from a JMS queue getting inserted into a database using a JMS trigger (webmethods). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I turn off the JMS trigger to let messages accumulate on the queue, then I examine some XML messages. Take a count of them, look for special character such as $ &amp;lt;&gt; ' &quot; in the XMLs. Then I turn the trigger back on and compare some values between the XMLs and the database records and ensure the counts match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just wondering if anyone has had any similar experiences regarding how things to look out for or a suitable test approach as I'm new to the subject?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1378" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-05T13:36:25.413" LastActivityDate="2012-05-05T14:56:04.380" Title="XMLs and JMS queue trigger to database - what to test?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-28T13:54:54.210" Score="4" ViewCount="2417" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some best practice approaches such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SCD type 1/2/3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;nulls&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;duplicates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;missing data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;extra data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;special characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FK/PK referential integrity.etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1378" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T16:18:12.453" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T16:18:25.433" Title="Data warehouse testing checklist" Tags="&lt;data-warehouse-testing&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1876" CreationDate="2011-09-28T16:23:45.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this to be a useful, though high level article about data validation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's more about how to approach the testing than specific tests, but it does contain some specific tests and has a lot of useful information:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg261774.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg261774.aspx&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T16:18:25.433" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T16:18:25.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1872" CreationDate="2011-09-28T16:30:12.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The low tech/low budget solution would be to simply set up Visual Studio on multiple machines and run tests from each of those.  Set up one of them to be the &quot;main&quot; run that collects performance counters, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just out of curiosity, what are you testing that requires that amount of load?  Are you running your load tests against a set of servers or a single server?  Normally you would pull a single server out of rotation and run your tests against it so you could use a lower number of concurrent users in your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-09-28T16:30:12.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1874" CreationDate="2011-09-28T19:18:39.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume for the purposes of your question you are not concerned about testing anything upstream from the JMS queue.  You may want to check whether the values in the XML are consistent with any constraints in the databases, e.g. uniqueness or maximum length.  Depending on your circumstances, you may also want to test what happens when the values are not consistent with the constraints.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-09-28T19:18:39.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1880" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1934" CreationDate="2011-09-28T19:19:11.617" Score="6" ViewCount="627" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the best practices to test PowerShell cmdlets? The cmdlets I'm testing are writing data into a DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pairwise to go through most of the combinations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check that get == set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else could be used? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="215" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T16:17:40.757" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T16:17:40.757" Title="Best practices to test PowerShell cmdlets?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1872" CreationDate="2011-09-28T21:43:26.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft licensing is one of the most complicated things on this planet, especially when you start talking about enterprise agreements. Your best solution is to go straight to the source&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can call 1-800-426-9400, Monday through Friday, 6:00 A.M. to 6:00 P.M. (Pacific Time) to speak directly to a Microsoft licensing specialist, and you can get more detail information from there. Worldwide customers can use the Guide to Worldwide Microsoft Licensing Sites to find contact information in their locations. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/licensing/index/worldwide.mspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.microsoft.com/licensing/index/worldwide.mspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from &lt;a href=&quot;http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/vstswebtest/thread/d96ab8eb-8c71-49ef-82d6-5f015c78c1fa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN forums&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-09-28T21:43:26.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1882" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-29T14:49:34.993" Score="4" ViewCount="1977" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Software tester who has a very basic knowledge of java and Selenium2.&#xA;I am trying to write a Junit Selenium2 test to click on an item if it appears on the page.(The majority of the time this item should not appear) if it is not there then i would like the code to just click an alternative item.&#xA; I have tried using an if else statement. My code is shown below.When i execute the code it just results in an error.(NoSuchElementException) because it&#xA; can't find the id &quot;house&quot;. plwease could someone help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA; public void testMyLoop() throws Exception {&#xA;    if (driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;house&quot;)).isDisplayed()) {&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;house&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Garage&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1383" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T16:17:06.963" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T16:17:06.963" Title="Selenium2 Selecting an item, that apperas on a page occasionally" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1882" CreationDate="2011-09-29T15:30:06.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your immediate problem is that Selenium throws an exception when it fails to find an element whose id is &quot;house&quot;.  Here are two ways to get past that problem: you can either catch the NoSuchElementException like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testMyLoop() throws Exception {&#xA;  boolean houseDisplayed = false;&#xA;  try {&#xA;     WebElement e = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;house&quot;));&#xA;     houseVisible = e.isDisplayed();&#xA;   }&#xA;   catch (NoSuchElementException ex) {}&#xA;   if (houseDisplayed) {&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;house&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;   }   else  {&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Garage&quot;)).click();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or you can replace findElement with a different method that does not throw a NoSuchElementException:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testMyLoop() throws Exception {&#xA;  boolean houseDisplayed = false;&#xA;  List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elist = driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;house&quot;));&#xA;  if (elist.count() == 1) {&#xA;     WebElement house = elist.get(0);&#xA;     houseDisplayed = house.isDisplayed();&#xA;  }&#xA;  if (houseDisplayed) {&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;house&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;   }   else  {&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Garage&quot;)).click();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caveat: these code fragments may not compile as is and can be written in a cleaner way, but I hope they illustrate how to get past your immediate problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not seen the HTML for your page, so I cannot offer an opinion about whether you are identifying the house and Garage elements correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-09-29T15:30:06.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1884" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-09-30T02:23:53.137" Score="13" ViewCount="4080" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm evaluating a number of test automation framworks to implement on a SAP project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I'm looking at&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitnesse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fitnesse&lt;/a&gt;, which we believe we can write some fixtures for, to call SAP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Hat_%28software_company%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Green Hat&lt;/a&gt;, which has the ability to interface with SAP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SAP Accelerator which uses HT test tool suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have experience they can convey in implementing an automated test suite on a SAP project or with any of the test tools I've mentioned above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1224" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T15:27:11.253" LastActivityDate="2018-06-09T08:07:20.963" Title="Test Automation for SAP" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;&lt;sap&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="400" CreationDate="2011-09-30T09:44:45.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did a quick round up of podcasts and videos a few months back - &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.softwaretestingclub.com/2011/07/software-testing-podcasts-videos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.softwaretestingclub.com/2011/07/software-testing-podcasts-videos/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1389" LastActivityDate="2011-09-30T09:44:45.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-10-01T20:58:24.240" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No, at the time of this writing.&lt;/strong&gt; As has been related to me by professionals in the field, the best litmus for whether a problem &lt;em&gt;cannot&lt;/em&gt; be automated is if it's &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI-complete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AI-complete&lt;/a&gt; -- that is, if automating the task is at least as hard as solving the central artificial intelligence problem, making computers as intelligent as people (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;further reading&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within this framing, consider several of the other answers to this question. Many of them hinge on problems that humans are very good at solving that computers are not, including large, multidimensional fuzzy matching and searching problems and problems bounded by EXPtime or EXPspace (such as a deterministic solver for the game Go, to derive the set of correct solutions an algorithm should come to). Humans are still imperfect at these problems, but their ability to make expert decisions and recognize patterns is still better than the cutting edge in AI research at the time of this writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this definition, you should be able to elegantly divide the problem space into automatable tasks and those that require some degree of manual intervention. From here, I would combine the former set (by analogy and design principles left outside the scope of this answer) and prune the latter set until you've arrived at a convincing and implementable set of tests for your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1393" LastEditorUserId="1393" LastEditDate="2011-10-01T21:04:07.513" LastActivityDate="2011-10-01T21:04:07.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1861" CreationDate="2011-10-03T12:22:40.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I ended up doing was looking for an html source change in the page itself, there was no ID or Name to link to and pull it in as an object to detect the change - unless I am unaware of something that might do this.  If so please let me know, I'd like to improve my coding skills if I can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I ended up doing was just look for the page source to know when the page updated at the second tab was active:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.Until(webDriver =&amp;gt; (driver.PageSource.Contains(&quot;class=\&quot;RoundedBox Tab\&quot; onclick=\&quot;toggleActiveTab(this, 'ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_PersonalizationTab')&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I did that then the script proceeded as I wanted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-10-03T12:22:40.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1895" CreationDate="2011-10-03T16:20:54.023" Score="12" ViewCount="9464" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the managers at my company recently suggested that we should add a field in jira to track the number of times a bug gets reopened.  I thought that it wasn't a very useful thing to keep track of but I had a hard time articulating why.  So, I have a couple questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What statistics do you track?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you decide which to track and which to ignore? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Would you track the number of times bugs get reopened? why or why not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1398" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T16:16:21.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T16:16:21.100" Title="What bug statistics are most useful? Why?" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1888" CreationDate="2011-10-03T17:09:57.550" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what you consider useful. If you start tracking bugs with some metrics (number of times reopened, number of bugs per developer, etc), you might inadvertently start creating incentives for particular behaviours. If you start tracking bugs per developer, you might find dramatic changes the number and severity of bugs reported, for example. Tracking the number of times a bug needs to be re-opened might cause more attention to be given to bugs that are re-opened often. This could be a good goal, or not, depending on your circumstance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the answer I'd give is to track measurements that (you think) are relevant to your project. I'm doubtful there are overall metrics that are helpful in every situation, but there are likely metrics that are often helpful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that every minute you spend deciding which metrics are useful and which to use is a minute you're not actually finding bugs and improving software. People so easily forget the concept of opportunity cost. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2011-10-03T17:09:57.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1888" CreationDate="2011-10-03T17:55:32.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my little company with three developers and one test person, the only aggregate bug statistic we track is the total number of bugs fixed in the release.  Since there are many possible reasons for a large bug count, we do not make decisions based solely on that number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my previous job, we also tracked the total number of bugs fixed in the release.  We also tracked the number of bugs per developer and per functional area.  I used those statistics to pressure a developer who had a reputation for checking in buggy code.  In retrospect, I should have been more cautious about how I used those statistics.  Bug tracking statistics are notoriously sloppy, and using those statistics in the wrong way can damage someone's career unfairly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is interesting to track reopens because they indicate a misunderstanding.  You must spend additional effort to determine where the misunderstand resides and why there is a misunderstanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-03T17:55:32.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1891" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-04T03:36:13.877" Score="4" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this blog post, the author points out that &quot;modeling&quot; or &quot;prototyping&quot; are one of the more effective ways to test software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://kev.inburke.com/kevin/the-best-ways-to-find-bugs-in-your-code/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://kev.inburke.com/kevin/the-best-ways-to-find-bugs-in-your-code/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone describe these techniques and how they are used in practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[update]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found another reference to the data: &lt;a href=&quot;http://railspikes.com/2008/7/11/testing-is-overrated&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://railspikes.com/2008/7/11/testing-is-overrated&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's from page 470 of Code Complete by Steve McConnell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user207" LastEditorDisplayName="user207" LastEditDate="2011-10-05T00:51:35.157" LastActivityDate="2011-10-07T12:47:32.817" Title="Can someone explain Modeling and Prototyping?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2011-10-04T12:17:19.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will not speculate about what the author meant by &quot;modeling&quot;, because within the realm of software it can mean different things.  Perhaps you could use the comment box at the bottom of the article to ask him what &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; meant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the context of his article, I believe &quot;prototyping&quot; means building a mocked-up version of some aspect of a product for purposes of illustrating and testing an idea.  For example, a paper prototype of a user interface might be a set of hand-drawn pictures that illustrate the essential nature of the user interface.  Advocates of paper prototyping assert that testing the paper prototype will yield insights into the &quot;real&quot; product's requirements and design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Done properly, prototyping can be a valuable tool for getting early input on a concept before investing a significant effort building an actual product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-10-04T13:29:24.333" LastActivityDate="2011-10-04T13:29:24.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1893" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-04T12:48:32.987" Score="3" ViewCount="2841" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using an Excel report from Analysis view to export the design steps to Excel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT DESSTEPS.DS_DESCRIPTION&#xA;FROM DESSTEPS&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, DESSTEPS.DS_DESCRIPTION field looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div align=&quot;left&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&quot;font-size:8pt&quot;&amp;gt;Call transaction &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font &#xA;face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10pt&quot;&amp;gt;SU01&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and in Excel the corresponding cell looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;empty line&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;empty line&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;empty line&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;empty line&amp;gt;&#xA;Call transaction SU01&#xA;&amp;lt;empty line&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;empty line&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;empty line&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;empty line&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to convert the HTML content to plain text (in the SQL query or in post-processing) in order to avoid blank lines in Excel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ALM 11&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oracle 10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="947" LastEditorUserId="947" LastEditDate="2011-10-14T16:07:35.630" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T22:01:03.330" Title="How can I export test step description as plain text?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;excel&gt;&lt;export&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1894" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-04T16:02:26.627" Score="4" ViewCount="1690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Fitnesse in order to define some selenium tests.&#xA;We got all of them running under CHROME but under FIREFOX some&#xA;exceptions are arising.&#xA;For running the tests I am using the external chrome webdriver.&#xA;That is, I am using selenium-server 2.7.0 and starting it in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;D:\projects\dev\jdk\1.6\bin\java -jar ./selenium-server-standalone-2.7.0.jar - Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=c:\chromedriver\chromedriver.exe -Dfile.encoding=UTF8&#xA;&#xA;__EXCEPTION__:org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: Cannot perform native interaction: Could not load native events component.; duration or timeout: 2.05 seconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.7.0', revision: '13926', time: '2011-09-23 13:24:59'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.6.0_16'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: RemoteWebDriver; duration or timeout: 2.06 seconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.7.0', revision: '13926', time: '2011-09-23 15:09:51'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.6.0_16'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: RemoteWebDriver&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:147)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:113)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:397)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ExecuteMethod.execute(ExecuteMethod.java:47)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteMouse.mouseMove(RemoteMouse.java:89)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.interactions.MoveMouseAction.perform(MoveMouseAction.java:37)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.interactions.CompositeAction.perform(CompositeAction.java:32)&#xA;at com.bmw.next.selenium2.util.MouseUtil.moveToElement(MouseUtil.java:22)&#xA;    ....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, an exception &lt;em&gt;InvalidElementStateException&lt;/em&gt; has been thrown and I do not understand what is wrong.&#xA;The code is the same for Firefox and Chrome.&#xA;Anybody has experienced this behavior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any hint would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="209" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T09:29:10.103" Title="WebDriver exception" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1888" CreationDate="2011-10-04T16:24:35.550" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As well as the usual &quot;what they said&quot; to joshin and user246, I'd add this: there's no guarantee that the number of times a bug gets reopened is going to give you any useful information. Here's a few reasons why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are several different bugs involved, but they all have the same symptoms. Here, someone could have reopened the bug thinking it was the same problem, but it was a different problem with the same symptoms. You have no way of knowing whether the reactivation of the bug report is one of these or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone creates a new bug report for the same problem, and it isn't detected as a duplicate. This is particularly common with large, complex systems where the manifestation of a problem can differ depending on the user's configuration, or where everyone reports problems to the same system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The bug report is activated in order to back-integrate the fix into another version of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, in anything that's got enough complexity to generate... interesting bugs, human differences will make bug report tracking an exercise in false alarms. Probably the most specific you're likely to ever get is which areas of the system generate the most problems, and that's one you don't need a bug tracker for - every tester who's working with a system quickly gets a feel for the trouble areas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, as joshin pointed out, there's the risk of perverse incentives. Companies where developers are penalized for introducing bugs often develop a completely informal system of bug reporting so that testers don't feel they're harming the programmers by reporting problems. A bug that gets reopened a lot may not be one that's incorrectly fixed or where the problem is misunderstood. It may be an intermittent problem where round 1 involves adding logging to try to trace the problem when it occurs, round 2 adds more logging based on the information derived from round 1, round 3 includes a possible fix but since the problem can't be reproduced by the team, there's still more logging in case the fix isn't right, and so forth. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-10-04T16:24:35.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1896" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1897" CreationDate="2011-10-04T17:00:39.340" Score="15" ViewCount="1662" Body="&lt;p&gt;I develop small projects, and the testing is usually a functional test when I verify if the service is working as I were the user. Is this ok with small projects of 2-3 people? How do you think unit testing could help? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see it as a waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1401" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T22:09:51.763" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T10:39:24.623" Title="Should I unit test small projects?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1896" CreationDate="2011-10-04T17:23:21.413" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes you should unit test small projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Longer answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like you said in your question, you currently test your code functionally.  Why are you doing that?  Because testing is useful!  Unit tests are the same.  If you ever go back to refactor your code, add or edit features a suite of unit tests will give you instant feedback that your changes aren't breaking anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd really recommend trying out Test Driven Development.  You think about what you need, right a failed test and then add the code to make it pass.  Lather, rinse, repeat.  Here is a good list of benifits from writing code this way, or run a google search on the topic, there are many resources out there.  TDD is easy to understand, really hard to master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.jtimothyking.com/2006/07/11/twelve-benefits-of-writing-unit-tests-first&quot;&gt;http://blog.jtimothyking.com/2006/07/11/twelve-benefits-of-writing-unit-tests-first&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-10-04T17:23:21.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1896" CreationDate="2011-10-04T18:48:16.300" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutely you should write unit tests. There's no guarantee that your small project isn't going to get added to at some later date - or that the next version of your operating system won't deprecate the calls your project is making to something. Or any of innumerable other strange things won't happen. It's not that uncommon for someone's prototype to become the core of a new application, and morph into a maintenance nightmare because the original assumption that this was throwaway code wasn't correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can avoid getting bitten by any of these possibilities, avoid them. As far as that goes, unit tests are the condoms of the software world: they protect against all sorts of unforeseen events, as well as against the things you expect them to protect against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-10-04T18:48:16.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2011-10-04T19:13:11.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think user246 gave a very good answer. However, I dare to speculate about the term modeling. We use the term to speak about creating a coded model of specifications you've got at hand before actually getting some code. So it's quite close to prototyping. There are also kind of very sophisticated tools for modeling as e.g. NModel (&lt;a href=&quot;http://nmodel.codeplex.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NModel homepage&lt;/a&gt;). In practice, I'd read through the specifications of a new feature (static method) and then, if the logic is very complicated to see through, I'd set up a little model program with NModel let it analyse my model for possible dead ends etc. (yes, it can do that).&#xA;I personally don't use NModel often. Instead I write down a model of what the program is supposed to do, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowchart&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flowchart&lt;/a&gt;. This is also useful when there is already code which can then be used as spec, too. Looking at the diagram or maybe already while building it I normally get a good feeling about where things can go wrong and bugs are likely to be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1130" LastEditorUserId="1130" LastEditDate="2011-10-04T19:56:38.770" LastActivityDate="2011-10-04T19:56:38.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1902" CreationDate="2011-10-04T21:39:47.387" Score="24" ViewCount="2383" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our corporation has, up until this point, largely lacked a 'quality mentality' of any kind.  From no testers, they went to two testers - but 5 or 6 product teams still rely on a mix of developer and business user testing.  The lack of quality assurance is showing badly on those teams, which have acquired mounds of technical debt.  Yes, there are other problems as well, but the lack of QA is one of the clearest and most actionable issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A new CIO is trying to build an appropriately sized formal testing team with strong, healthy test processes and good automation skills (since we need to be able to test for multiple products efficiently).  There's a good chance that I will end up with responsibility for doing much of the actual work of designing and implementing the specifics of the general ideas that we come up with together, so I want to make sure we come up with good ideas.  I feel like I could do a better job if I do some reading beforehand on test management, hiring, processes, and integrating a new QA team in with a pre-existing development team, especially in Agile environments.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What books, blogs, articles, or other resources on these topics have you seen?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ETA:  Siva pointed out that this could be best viewed in terms of a roadmap.  So add in &quot;developing a test team roadmap proposal&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:27:23.613" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:25:53.790" Title="Good resources for building a QA team" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2011-10-05T02:38:46.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code Complete by Steve McConnell is an excellent book and I recommend it to folks who want to understand more about software engineering in general. Since the chart lists modeling or prototypinig they seem to be equating these because they are both abstractions of the real thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WRT to the findings the bugs they are likely referring to here are functional bugs versus non-functional and behavioral issues. For example, the easiest and fastest way to find 99% of most boundary bugs could be via code inspections and/or unit testing. (Unfortunately many boundary bugs sneak by because of the inadequacy of peer code reviews (not formal inspections) and happy path unit tests, or unit tests that are focused on attaining some measure of code coverage rather than test coverage.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real take away is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some [functional] bugs can be found via code inspections, prototyping or modeling, and unit testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;but more importantly, no single approach is sufficient in exposing all types of bugs (Beizer's Pesticide Paradox)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More companies are putting more emphasis on TDD, unit tesitng, and even peer reviews. This is all good stuff. It doesn't mean that testers will ever be out of work. But with the emphasis to drive &quot;quality&quot; upstream and reducing the costs of finding certain types of bugs late in the cycle I suspect the role of testing will grow and testers will truly participate in ALL aspects of the SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-10-05T02:38:46.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1900" CreationDate="2011-10-05T12:05:52.693" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;My perspective is - This question is more related to identifying charter/vision for the team based on the current state of the Team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have to assess your current test process, tools, bugs, automation, product quality to arrive at areas of improvements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your proposal for roadmap would cover below aspects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Roadmap for Team&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The team should have a roadmap to define&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where do we stand at this point in terms of Quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are our goals in the next 3~6 months for automation, reducing bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Scenarios coverage / Test Estimation Process / Improving Test Estimation Accuracy from current estimates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clear roadmap to achieve this in terms of&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initiatives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical Trainings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tools Adoption&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Process Changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:25:53.790" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:25:53.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1896" CreationDate="2011-10-05T12:52:11.183" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is a means to an end, not an end in itself.  If you are satisfied with the quality of your work using your current development and testing practices, there is no need for additional work.  If you are not satisfied with the quality of your work, writing unit tests is one possible path to improvement.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot guarantee that writing unit tests will make things better for you. In some circumstances it can be a waste of time, e.g. when the developers do not want to write unit tests, or when the unit tests focus on things that are unimportant or unlikely to have bugs.  In the right circumstances, they can make a big difference.  When I was a developer, I wrote unit tests, and for me it was a productive practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-05T12:52:11.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1896" CreationDate="2011-10-05T15:01:34.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TL;DR&lt;/a&gt; answer&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes, unit tests are worthwhile even on small projects.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Full answer&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For many years I was under the misapprehension that I didn't have enough time to write unit tests for my code. When I did write tests, they were bloated, heavy things which only encouraged me to think that I should only ever write unit tests when I &lt;em&gt;knew&lt;/em&gt; they were needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I started to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; and found it to be a complete revelation. I'm now firmly convinced that I don't have the time &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; to write unit-tests&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, by developing with testing in mind you end up with cleaner interfaces, more focussed classes &amp;amp; modules and generally more &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID_%28object-oriented_design%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOLID&lt;/a&gt;, testable code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every time I work with legacy code which doesn't have unit tests and have to manually test something, I keep thinking &quot;this would be so much quicker if this code already had unit tests&quot;. Every time I have to try and add unit test functionality to code with high coupling, I keep thinking &quot;this would be so much easier if it had been written in a de-coupled way&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparing and contrasting the two experimental stations that I support. One has been around for a while and has a great deal of legacy code, while the other is relatively new.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When adding functionality to the old lab, it is often a case of getting down to the lab and spending many hours working through the implications of the functionality they need and how I can add that functionality without affecting any of the other functionality. The code is simply not set up to allow off-line testing, so pretty much everything has to be developed on-line. If I did try to develop off-line then I would end up with more &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mock_object&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mock objects&lt;/a&gt; than would be reasonable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the newer lab, I can usually add functionality by developing it off-line at my desk, mocking out only those things which are immediately required, and then only spending a short time in the lab, ironing out any remaining problems not picked up off-line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1410" LastEditorUserId="1410" LastEditDate="2013-01-11T10:39:24.623" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T10:39:24.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2011-10-05T16:18:53.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think putting all your money on image recognition only tests might get you into trouble as soon as the look/layout of a site changes and you didn't or couldn't make your screenshot collection smart enough to still work - in that case all your test cases would need to be repaired.&#xA;I'd try a combination of both - Sikuli as well as Selenium are available as Java libraries - combine it with JUnit and you're set.&#xA;Write as much as possible in Selenium but use Sikuli for visual confirmation or for hard to implement stuff.&#xA;(don't know about web design much, but in Java software with some test software only tools like Sikuli managed to do drag &amp;amp; drop properly)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1412" LastActivityDate="2011-10-05T16:18:53.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1906" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1912" CreationDate="2011-10-05T21:46:37.163" Score="7" ViewCount="1478" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our web application is complicated, as are most modern apps. Typically, at the end of a release cycle, we branch our code and perform a regression test on the code. Additionally, all new features are thoroughly tested, as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because our application is complicated, and populating a set of data in order to perform the tests is time consuming, our QA utilizes the same database from previous tests. This database is old, probably over a year or two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My position is that testing against a 'dirty' data set is approaching things incorrectly. From my understanding, when you perform a test, you want to test the application when the data is in a controlled and known state. What's happening now is we don't know the current state of the data, therefore when bugs come up we can't say with confidence whether the bugs are new, genuine bugs, or bugs that are the result of bad data. This can have us chasing our tails, and can lead to lots of wasted time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, am I correct in my position that we should have a clean test database, that is prepopulated with data in a known state? And if this is correct, how can I convince our QA that this is the right way to go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1414" LastActivityDate="2011-11-02T18:18:16.683" Title="How important is it to test a build against a clean data set?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1906" CreationDate="2011-10-06T02:08:19.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what you describe, using a clean test database makes some sense, at least for some of the testing.  It can certainly make analyzing some bugs that much easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, realize that you may be missing a class of bugs that would only appear in the presence of data that you don't happen to have in your database.  Perhaps a feature has been added or modified that demands new data to exercise those changes.  Or perhaps &quot;data in the wild&quot; would present conditions that couldn't have appeared before, or had just not been considered before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We often do both - we use a canned dataset for regression testing, then keep adding to it as features are added and enhanced.  But we often use a snapshot of production data (data in the wild) for some testing (with all personally identifiable data masked).  And we often synthesize test data using pseudo-random input for testing specific cases, sometimes with self-identifying fields that make it easier to debug.  Finally, we sometimes create specific sets of data for stress/performance/load tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-10-06T02:08:19.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1906" CreationDate="2011-10-06T03:16:48.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is helpful for your tests to be repeatable.  If you start from a known state, and you know what actions were taken before discovering a bug, it is easier for you to describe those circumstances to someone else.  This is helpful to you, to the developer who must fix the bug, and to the tester who must test the fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the world is not repeatable.  It changes moment to moment, and you would like for your software to work in each of those moments.  Which moment should you test against?  There is place for tests that start in a known state, but you must decide whether that state is representative of the real world.  If not, there may also be a place for dirty, unpredictable starting points, coupled perhaps with additional logging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-06T03:16:48.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1906" CreationDate="2011-10-06T07:03:09.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certainly You are correct. This is how I see it&#xA;1. What you are proposing is test the application with best cases. To make sure that whatever newly added works fine in addition to the existing features.If it works, then you can push new features to users.&#xA;2. What they are doing is testing with odd scenarios, which may or may not be required based on the relation of new features with existing features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reasons to convince them to use new database&#xA;1. We are in AGILE world, we need to release faster.. competition is tough. This will help your team to build and release faster.&#xA;2. Odd cases testing can be a secondary parallel activity along with testing the new features.&#xA;3. To test new features with old DB, they will need to partially update the db as per the feature's dependency. then why not do it completely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1415" LastActivityDate="2011-10-06T07:03:09.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1906" CreationDate="2011-10-06T18:26:02.397" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, &quot;it depends&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the times you'd want to use a clean test database:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're performing regression: you want to start regression from a known starting point. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're testing setup and configuration issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're comparing results against some baseline. Here you're going to want to start from the exact same condition your baseline started from. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're testing a new feature and you want to be sure that none of the issues you find are affected by older data (you'll do that testing later, with a different data set).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the times you'd want to use a dirty test database:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're testing upgrading to a newer version and you need to make sure everything converts correctly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The problem you're looking at involves a long, complex setup and you already have that setup in place.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're looking at how a new feature interacts with existing, older functionality and data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't reproduce the problem without customer (or as Joe put it &quot;wild&quot;) data. This is particularly common if customers are experiencing problems because they've been running the same database since 2002 and never archived anything (Yes, I've worked with customer data like that. The performance issues and database optimisations needed are... interesting). It can also happen with complex systems that have so many possible configurations you could spend a year tracking down the exact configuration that will reproduce the problem. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both ways of testing have value, and both are useful. At my workplace, all the automated regression is done from a known if not necessarily clean starting point, and most of the testers will start a new, cleanish setup for each new major version we need to test with, which will grow progressively 'dirtier' the more different issues and developments we test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One tactic we have found very helpful is to keep and archive (in known, accessible locations) data sets for specific configurations, especially the most time-consuming and easily misconfigured ones. That way, any of us can make use of a pre-set environment for pretty much everything without too much pain. You may find that your QA people are more amenable to the idea of starting semi-clean with a preset database containing most of what they need, and archiving databases with the more time-consuming feature sets so that everyone gets to benefit from them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-10-06T18:26:02.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3128" CreationDate="2011-10-07T06:36:08.363" Score="3" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use a test setup with Webdriver and TestNG in Eclipse using java client.&#xA;Earlier when i was  using Selenium 1 in this  same setup, it was giving a very descriptive line by line run-info which made it very easy to trouble shoot.&#xA;Is there any way to get this activated in webdriver ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T18:20:02.637" Title="Webdriver line by line runinfo in eclipse console" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2011-10-07T08:35:35.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If one considers the “act” of software development in its entirety, one would realise that we are simply striving to translate an idea conceived in the human mind, into something that can be executed on a computer, i.e. “a program”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem arises because of the vast disparity between two. The human mind is a inconceivably powerful information processor, whereas our current CPUs are simpletons, only capable of churning zeros and ones (binary – i.e. 1GL) in a repetitive manner. &#xA;To bridge this cap, we have extended the cognitive (i.e. understanding) abilities of our computers by first introducing the second generation languages (2GL e.g. Assembly Language), and then later our currently used third generation languages (3GL e.g. Java, C#, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a problem still exists in translating our sophisticated mental ideas and constructs, into simple constructs that cab be understood by third generation compliers. So we (i.e. the Software Engineering world) have introduced an intermediate cognitive step, and called it a MODEL, which is intended to provide an appropriate framework in which to think, prior to coding the actual system/solution.&#xA;This is also a common practice in other disciplines such as architecture and engineering, where plans or blueprints are drawn up prior to the building of the actual structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, a prototype is simply a mock-up of the envisaged software system/solution – and should always be thrown away and never form the actual code base of the system being developed.&#xA;It usually adds value by providing a means to clarify the requirements of the intended system with the users, prior to starting the actual coding of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1419" LastActivityDate="2011-10-07T08:35:35.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1891" CreationDate="2011-10-07T12:47:32.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you get hold of a copy of the book 'how we test software at microsoft' there's a chapter there on Model-Based testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Review of that chapter by TESTHEAD can be found at &lt;a href=&quot;http://mkl-testhead.blogspot.com/2010/12/testhead-book-club-how-we-test-software_15.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mkl-testhead.blogspot.com/2010/12/testhead-book-club-how-we-test-software_15.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-10-07T12:47:32.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1888" CreationDate="2011-10-07T16:46:04.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In regards to the portion of the question &quot;How do you decide what to track and what to ignore?&quot;  I am in the middle process of reevaluating our metrics right now and my approach is to ask the stakeholders what is valuable to them.  Ask the developers, ask the project managers, ask the upper management, ask the end users/customers, ask yourself and other members of the test team.  Different metrics are valuable to different audiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metrics can fall into several categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Metrics measuring the status of testing&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;% of tests executed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;% test plan complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Metrics measuring the effectiveness of testing&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Availability of test environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect age&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of defects found after release vs number found before release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Metrics measuring quality&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;% of test coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;% of tests passed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of defects found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity of defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Metrics measuring resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Several can fall into more than one category.  Not that categorizing is important.  I just listed more than one category to get you thinking about how different metrics might be viewed by different audiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2011-10-07T16:46:04.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1893" CreationDate="2011-10-07T17:24:04.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What operating system are you using?  If it is *nix, you could use html2text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1423" LastActivityDate="2011-10-07T17:24:04.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1411" CreationDate="2011-10-07T17:47:30.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Selenium IDE, you can test multiple sites by using Javascript variables to store the site URL.  At the beginning of your test suite, create a test case which declares all of the variables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;store&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;http://www.google.com&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;main&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;store&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;http://finance.google.com&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;finance&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In subsequent test cases, the first command should be open followed by the page which needs to be tested:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${main}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${finance}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;These URL variables will be global to all of the test cases within your test suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;These variables will be stored in the IDE until you close / restart the IDE.  This means you can open a new Test Suite and use the same variables again and again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you close the IDE, all stored variables will be gone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, as Siva mentioned, most of the XPaths will be the same (aside from the link href and text), you can double up on your test cases, one opening the first site and doing the verification, and the other one (exactly the same as the first) except it will open the second site and do the verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to complete the example, if we wanted to verify that on both the main Google search page and on the Google Finance page the &quot;+You&quot; link is present, we can do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${main}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id=&quot;gb&quot;]//li[1]/a/span[2]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${finance}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id=&quot;gb&quot;]//li[1]/a/span[2]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you copy and paste the first code example above into a test case, create a new test case, paste this last example into the second test case, and run the test suite, you will see that the IDE will:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the Main Google page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the +You (based on the XPath)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the Google Finance page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the +You (based on the same XPath as before)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tricky part with this approach though, is that you have to craft the XPaths very carefully to be able to work on all the pages you need to test, but seeing as how it is the same site, just one is live and one is in staging, most of the XPaths should be the same, or at least very similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastEditorUserId="1402" LastEditDate="2011-10-10T12:59:34.530" LastActivityDate="2011-10-10T12:59:34.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2011-10-07T18:43:19.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testcollab.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Collab&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Though it's a new product but it's really easy to use with great UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1424" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-20T23:58:50.090" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T23:58:50.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1920" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2912" CreationDate="2011-10-09T23:02:27.630" Score="58" ViewCount="17890" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nothing can ruin your day like a poorly-written bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen several sets of guidelines for bug reporting in different organizations. In your opinion, what guidelines/steps are most essential for good bug reporting?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to share complete guideline recommendations from prior/current projects/organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1428" LastEditorUserId="1428" LastEditDate="2011-10-10T02:12:57.263" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T08:31:13.157" Title="Best guidelines for bug reporting?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="19" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="30" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2011-10-10T02:03:27.933" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple things that I look for in a bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exact steps to reproduce. You might be able to get away with some slang, for example in our APP you can almost always press &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;strong&gt;F1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; to move to the next screen, so you might see someone say &quot;&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;strong&gt;F1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; through until &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. But you can't just say &quot;Go to this function, this order number&quot;. Unless it has a problem parsing order numbers that end in 3, giving me order 123 doesn't help. Telling me &quot;an order with multiple back-ordered items&quot;, now that's something I can deal with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tell me exactly what it was supposed to do. It's great if I can reproduce it. But if you don't know what it was supposed to do, how do you know it's not doing it? This is especially difficult when the analysts have no formal definition of what it's supposed to do. All too often we hear &quot;Well, this report says XYZ, while that report says ABC. Please fix.&quot; Hmm, well do I make the first be ABC? Or the second be XYZ? Perhaps they're both wrong? Perhaps they're not even supposed to be reporting the same data even! So if the report can't tell me what it's supposed to do, you can't expect the development to fix anything.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't disguise a feature request as a bug. You can't submit a bug report that says &quot;This screen doesn't have a delete button&quot;. That's not a bug. &quot;Well, it's not a correct screen. It doesn't have a delete button!&quot; Okay, it's not a perfect screen. Why wasn't there a delete button in the original spec? Now if there used to be a delete button and it disappeared, that's a bug. But development only knows what the project was supposed to do back when it was supposed to do it. You can't wish something had been done then and call it a bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Others that saw it (/not a duplicate report). Now, this isn't the responsibility of the originator of the report, because he has a responsibility to report bugs as soon as he sees them. But if a report exists, don't create a new report, rather comment on the old one. This does two things: first, it reduces the number of reports support and/or development has to sift through. Second, it shows that this is effecting multiple people, and potentially multiple systems/modules. This is an awesome clue for development to help nail down where the bug is. &quot;Hmm, we'll there's only two mutually dependent modules between Alice's behaviour and Bob's follow up comment. Let's look there. It also helps to show the person reporting the bug is not a flake. Which leads into...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's actually a bug. I've seen lots of bugs that were simply people not knowing how to use the system. If your microwave cooks your food too hot, it's not a bug. If your microwave cooks your meat instead of defrosting it despite the fact you told it the type of meat and the correct size, that's a bug. You just thinking it needs 4 minutes instead of 2? Not a bug. You typing 4 on the keypad instead of 2? Not a bug. Yes, your microwave allows you to cook while it's empty. This is annoying when you meant to push timer instead of cook, but let's face it: you told it to cook! (I do this all the time, actually. Yes, it's annoying. Yes, it could use a better interface. But that's a feature request (see #2), not a bug!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's important. Now, this one is a bit iffy, because I feel non-important bugs should be reported. (See my &lt;a href=&quot;https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/93138/se-ads-bug-question-advertises-itself&quot;&gt;epic example of a non-important bug report&lt;/a&gt;.) But at the same time, you have to be willing to admit that it's not important. Some places will flat out reject non-important bugs. For example, some layout is 1 pixel off. Sorry, this is an internal application - we will never fix that. There will always be something better to spend our time on than that. But we might report it anyway so that at least it can be noted that we have problems, and if we ever do a graphic overhaul we might look into it. But bugs have to be categorized. At my firm, which oversees almost a hundred manufacturing plants, many of whom have friends in VPs and guys on &quot;the board&quot;, they will go ape-$#!^ crazy over the fact that they have to press down arrow once more in this screen than that screen. I get it, that's annoying. But let's make sure our discount logic and pricing bugs are fixed first, eh? And when we finally iron out all of those, we can make your down arrow work a little better.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these might be disguised rants. &lt;strong&gt;Well, that's because they are.&lt;/strong&gt; That's what me, as a developer with no QA team, gets for reports. If people were to boil these down to a simple checklist of 6 items (reproduction steps, desired correct outcome, not actually a feature request, not a duplicate report, is actually not correct behaviour, and properly categorized) I wouldn't mind the reports so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also as a developer, in my organization, I get &quot;specs&quot; from the analysts. They're supposed to go through and define what the correct behaviour is so the reporter doesn't have to. Often times they just send in the report and leave everything to the developer. So if you're putting in guidelines, make sure that the responsibilities are properly defined. Don't make development do everything, don't make the analysts do everything, don't make the QA team do everything, don't make the reporters do everything. Make it clear who is supposed to do what, and hold them accountable. There are dozens of configurations of responsibility you can use, and most of them work as long as you're consistent about who does what.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Hey analyst guys at my firm. I hope you're reading this! It's not a declaration of war, it's a white flag! :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:26:27.100" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:26:27.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2011-10-10T03:24:12.823" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A couple of guidelines in addition to above-listed items&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Snapshots for each step if possible (In case you are working in remote teams, to avoid to-and-fro email communications)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected result vs Actual Result&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment Details - OS, Hardware, Software, Build version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logfile entries/values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nice to have - Preliminary investigation/analysis with supporting queries/assumptions to provide a couple of leads for a developer to check further&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide access to the test environment - URLs, Machines for the developer to check in case if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reference to BRD, FS, Design Document where implementation conflicts design/requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nice to Have - Triage Meeting / Issue Review meeting to run through the bugs once with the development team to provide a quick overview of issues before they start looking into it. F2F conversations are better than email/chat conversations sometimes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be Descriptive do not use Abbreviations, No implicit assumptions. Callout your understanding of functionality and how it conflicts with implementation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:28:26.023" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:28:26.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2011-10-10T03:55:10.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If possible, is it even desirable to automate 100% of your testing? If you've got an automated test for every path through the GUI with all supported clients/browsers on all supported platforms, I'd be curious about your process and strategy. Either your GUI has been static for a long time, your GUI is absurdly simple, or your test automation team are absolute rock stars. If none of those things are true then I'd have to wonder if you're devoting too much resources to automation. If not, then I would &lt;strong&gt;love&lt;/strong&gt; to hear how you got an automation suite that good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27" LastActivityDate="2011-10-10T03:55:10.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2011-10-10T03:57:30.477" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my company, a good bug report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describes the symptoms, including screenshots or stack traces if necessary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specifies exactly how to reproduce the problem&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specifies why the author believes the bug is important, if it is not already clear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some developers may prefer that the tester attempt to narrow down the problem as much as possible.  My developers leave it up to me to decide how much diagnosis to provide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my little company, we usually understand each other's abbreviations and assumptions.  In larger companies, it may be necessary to use more formal, explicit language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I do not recommend blindly following any individual's bug reporting practices.  Their circumstances are different from yours.  Listen to their advice, then consider how those practices mesh with your own circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-10T03:57:30.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2" CreationDate="2011-10-10T05:31:20.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try configuring IE so it does not display those troublesome modal boxes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, you might try scripting the relevant parts with the modal dialog manually with the help of the locator spy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; With newer versions of Silk Test you can enable Accessibility support for IE, which will  enable Silk Test to recognize those little overlays at the bottom in IE. You might want to enable it only for certain steps (e.g. confirming a download) as Accessibility has quite an impact on performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To enable/disable Accessibility in your scripts set the option &lt;code&gt;OPT_ENABLE_ACCESSIBILITY&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1429" LastEditorUserId="1429" LastEditDate="2012-08-31T07:18:26.927" LastActivityDate="2012-08-31T07:18:26.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2011-10-10T07:25:13.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Read Bug Advocacy from Cem Kaner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/BugAdvocacy.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/BugAdvocacy.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-10-10T07:25:13.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2011-10-10T08:20:07.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I am usually against hard coded templates, bug reports are an exception.&#xA;Depending on the system being used for reporting, I show an empty template when a new bug is created, or add mandatory fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-10-10T08:20:07.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1928" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1932" CreationDate="2011-10-10T09:18:08.927" Score="16" ViewCount="19260" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some Selenium 2 WebDriver test cases for Firefox and Internet Explorer 9. When I access HTTPS URLs on IE9 (Windows 7 64bit) I get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is a problem with this website's security certificate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point the test hangs and eventually fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Getting Selenium to click on the &quot;Continue to this website (not recommended).&quot; link. This can't be done as this error page is not your usual page. Same with JavaScript - it doesn't execute.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I tried &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/954312&quot;&gt;adding the registry key&lt;/a&gt; (HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MAIN\FeatureControl\FEATURE_ERROR_PAGE_BYPASS_ZONE_CHECK_FOR_HTTPS_KB954312) that prevents the certificate-error-page from displaying - didn't work. Probably because I'm on Windows 7 with IE9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Following &lt;a href=&quot;http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.web.selenium.devel/4874&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; advice I tried using BrowserMob proxy, but there's very little documentation out there and I couldn't work it out.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I don't have admin access to my PC - e.g. no access to group policies. Selenium 2 WebDriver works fine on Firefox. I have all security zones enabled in IE Internet Options and if I run the tests on other URLs (HTTP) then there is no problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone got a solution to this problem? Does anyone know hot to use BrowserMob proxy (or any other proxy) effectively to overcome this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Damo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1420" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-18T14:01:37.287" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T15:31:44.303" Title="Problem with IE9 security certificate when accessing HTTPS URLs using Selenium 2 WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1929" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-09T19:58:32.767" Score="2" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are developing a library that we are looking to support on multiple platforms. We currently have a .Net(Desktop, CF, Silverlight, WP7), a Java (desktop and android) and a C++ (win32 for now) flavor and begining to feel the burden of aligning and maintaining these implementation. We have a relative small public interface exposed on these libraries which should all be aligned in functionality though we allow each platform to take advantage of their syntax etc. to avoid always having to adhere to the lowest common denominator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a quite large testsuite (both unit and integration tests) against particularly our .Net implementation but would really like to avoid having to repeat the &quot;same&quot; tests for each platform. We are looking for some pragmatic advise/solutions to handling these (and future) platforms in some easy and uniform way with regards to testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have been tossing around the idea of some kind of centralized &quot;testdriver&quot; that can be adapted to each platform. This would allow the tests to be written in one place (in e.g. .Net) and then adapted/executed on each platform (via e.g. interprocess to a testclient on the particular platform that translates the test-inputs/outputs to the specific platform) but are unsure if that is a road that leads to heaven or hell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to clarify, we would really like some advise on maintaining tests for a component across multiple and avoid as much as possible the repeated/platform specific tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts, experience, ideas on this subject?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1438" OwnerDisplayName="soren.enemaerke" LastEditorUserId="1438" LastEditDate="2012-10-19T06:29:23.513" LastActivityDate="2012-10-19T06:29:23.513" Title="Align and maintain functionality across multiple platforms/programming languages" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2011-10-10T11:38:41.230" Score="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;Issue Reports (Bug Reports) are one of the main communication methods that QAers use.&#xA;You are creating a statement to your stakeholders - &quot;I have found what I think is a problem, and here's my clear explanation of what it is and how you can see it too.  Please look into this&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand the Audience for the Report&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's important to know who is going to read your Issue Reports, and what they are expected to do with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some shops, the only readers will be yourself and one or more developers.  If that's true, you can use all sorts of jargon and abbreviations that you each understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in many shops, there will be lots of stakeholders who need to read what you write - other QAers, Developers, Support, Product Management, Documentation, Management, etc.  It may become more important to use less jargon, and add more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few special cases that must be kept in mind as well.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if offshore testers or developers must read your Issue Reports, you'll need to pay special attention not to use confusing jargon or colloquialisms in your writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If customers will eventually read your Issue Reports, you'll need to be very, very careful in choosing your words.  (By the way, this is not something I'd recommend, without first sending the Issue Reports to a skilled writer for &quot;sanitizing&quot; first.)  You may even be better off having two different descriptions of the bug - one for internal consumption, and one for customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Choose a Good Summary/Title&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the one-line Summary or Title is often what prompts someone to decide to read your Issue Report further, and is often the only piece of information about the bug showing up on summary reports, it's important to put some thought into this field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The title should be short (because it may become truncated) and to-the-point.&#xA;It's tempting to cut corners and write just a few words here &quot;Program x crashed&quot; - but clearly that's not useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you don't need to include the text here that is already included in other fields of the bug tracking system.  For most systems, items such as severity/priority, product, component, etc are tracked in their own fields.  No use wasting valuable space in the Summary/Title on these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Describe the problem concisely and effectively&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a paragraph or two, describe the problem.  Here you can use more words than the Summary/Title will allow but still avoid wordiness.&#xA;Include Steps to Reproduce the Problem you are Seeing&#xA;Not every bug is fully reproducible.  But, it's important to try to find out a relatively minimal set of steps to reproduce the problem and to note them in the Issue Report.&#xA;This gives the developer a fighting chance of seeing what you are seeing and actually getting it fixed quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avoid steps that don't matter - those which have nothing to do with reproducing the bug.  Including too many steps can waste time and lead to confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Include all steps which actually seem to matter.  Write them in a clear style, in a manner which avoids guesswork.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It takes a bit longer to narrow down the steps, but it's usually time well spent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the bug is not fully reproducible, indicate that clearly in the issue report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Include the Results you Expected&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, QAers know what is expected out of a sequence of steps better than Developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, their expectations are right, sometimes they are wrong.  Either way, include what you expected to see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Include the Results you Actually Observed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this an Issue Report, we assume that something unexpected occurred.  Note what actually occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you observed an error message, include that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you observed something significant in a log file, include that portion of the log.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Include Enough Details for Searching&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to think like a Support person, or a Manager, or a new QAer who wasn't familiar with this Issue.  What would you search for if you saw these same symptoms happen?  If you are lucky enough to have a defect tracking system that includes full-text searching, then make sure to include these important keywords somewhere in the text of your Issue Reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your defect tracking system has a &quot;keywords&quot; field, put them in there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explain the Effects on the Customer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somewhere along the line, your Issue Report will be analyzed for Priority and/or Severity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you explain the effects of this problem on the customer, you'll have a better chance that the Issue is properly analyzed.  And if the problem makes further testing impossible, make sure to indicate that fact (in this context, you are a customer, too). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Attach Anything Else that Could Help&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Attach anything that could help clarify and/or debug the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As they say &quot;a picture is worth 1000 words&quot;.  So, often attaching a picture of the problem can be very helpful.  Log files, test files, etc, can also be attached if they will help reproduce or debug the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about whether something is better off being attached (in order to avoid an overly-wordy Issue Report), or included within the body of the Report itself (in order to be useful during a search).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avoid speculation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Report the facts - what you saw, what you expected to see, and any other symptoms.  But in general, avoid speculation as to the root cause of the problem, unless you have sufficient facts to back up your speculation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speculation can send the reviewer on a wild goose chase and waste their time.  It can also make this bug report appear as a search result for cases where it's not relevant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be careful of the tone of your report&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't use a negative tone in your writing.  Remember, your job is to describe the bug so that it can be fixed effectively and efficiently.  There's no benefit in criticizing the developer here or the designer - you are their partners, you are both on the same side.  Be objective and respectful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avoid duplication - search first&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't want to waste people's time reading issue reports that have already been covered by someone else.  And in some shops, you may be penalized for writing such bug reports.  So, search first, using the kinds of keywords that you would write into your report if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the problem has already been written into an issue report, it's sometimes useful to add additional facts if you have them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few more bits that may help:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/writing-issue-reports-that-work.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Writing issue reports that work&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/picture-is-not-worth-thousand-words.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Picture is not worth a thousand words&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/non-reproducible-bugs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Non-reproducible Bugs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/issue-tracking-template.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Issue Tracking Template&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:25:30.797" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:25:30.797" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="1931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1929" CreationDate="2011-10-10T11:49:27.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that a &quot;platform driver&quot; is the way to go.&#xA;I worked for sometime with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aquasw.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aqua SW&lt;/a&gt; solution that uses this approach- a high level test runner (based on JUnit) and low level &quot;drivers&quot; that match each platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2011-10-10T11:49:27.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1928" CreationDate="2011-10-10T21:13:59.513" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a couple of solutions depending on how your particular company is set up.  The easiest is if the machine that you're running the tests from is on the same domain as the server where the site is hosted.  Have the team that manages the server to create a self-signed certificate and have the cert added to your machine.&#xA;If the self-signed route doesn't work, you'll probably have to have another team involved.  If there is someone who is able to issue a certificate from your production certificate authority, have them create and add to your test server.  Then, import the certificate to your machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was wrestling with this particular problem for months before our network and infrastructure teams heard about it and offered to help out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-10-10T21:13:59.513" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1933" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1938" CreationDate="2011-10-11T01:18:53.313" Score="4" ViewCount="1438" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now I have several Python Selenium scripts in which I am manually writing results to a text file. Is there a more standardized / centralized way I can log my results without much difficulty?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I googled around but only see complicated setups involving specific technologies, like integrating into Nant. I just want a logging system that will allow me to review test results in a central place when I kick off multiple &lt;code&gt;.py&lt;/code&gt; files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:51:35.770" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:51:35.770" Title="Logging with Selenium Server?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1880" CreationDate="2011-10-11T04:48:13.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since you are referring to writing data to DB. Please check below scenarios as well&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capturing Errors due to constraints, data loading failures (data type mismatch), missing columns in inserts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logging of errors that you have received &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you need to check on retry logic in case if it fails for deadlock ? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you pass different test data - is it hardcoded or dynamic (using queries for test data generation). Use Realtime production data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are running multiple transactions on tables, does it get rolled back. Is it atomic ?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can provide more details on cmdlet functionality - we can discuss further or more areas that can be covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-10-11T04:48:13.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1935" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-10-11T12:24:46.810" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2011-10-11T12:24:46.810" LastActivityDate="2011-10-11T12:24:46.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1936" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-10-11T12:24:46.810" Score="0" Body="SilkTest is a functional testing tool developed by Borland." OwnerUserId="1429" LastEditorUserId="1429" LastEditDate="2011-10-11T13:51:08.720" LastActivityDate="2011-10-11T13:51:08.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1929" CreationDate="2011-10-11T13:19:45.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider inventing a simple syntax for describing my tests, including actions, inputs, and expected results.  Then I would write a CLI for each platform that would read a test specified in this syntax, perform the specified actions, compared the expected results to actual results, and emit a pass/fail indicator.  Of course, I would still need to maintain my per-platform CLIs, but my tests could be written exactly one and then shared across all platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-11T13:19:45.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1933" CreationDate="2011-10-11T13:33:58.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest doing a Google search for &quot;Python unit testing framework&quot;.  A good unit testing framework will provide a way to log test results.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you could do a Google search for &quot;python logging package&quot;, which would reveal APIs for generic, non-test-specific logging.  If you have further questions about Python logging packages, I suggest posting your question in StackOverflow rather than here; while there are surely people here who know about that subject, there will be many, many more in StackOverflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-11T13:33:58.657" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2986" CreationDate="2011-10-11T16:34:56.640" Score="7" ViewCount="8155" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have an application in which version 1.0 is live on the Apple/iTunes app store and we are currently developing and testing version 1.1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of our requirements is that user credentials and error log information from version 1.0 will remain after the user upgrades to version 1.1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally when testing, we delete the application from our device, connect to iTunes, and sync the device to install the new version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume that when version 1.1 is live on the App Store, the user will see it under &quot;Updates&quot; in the App Store app.  The user will then be able to tap the button to install the upgrade.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If when we are testing, we don't delete the application from the phone, connect to iTunes, and sync, would this be an accurate representation of a user upgrading through the App Store?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, how to go about testing upgrades?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T15:47:38.553" LastActivityDate="2013-02-15T17:25:24.797" Title="How to test upgrades for an iOS application?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1880" CreationDate="2011-10-11T20:37:29.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few things I might check since this is PowerShell and the DB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;v1 against v2 (if you are expected to support it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;various accounts, unless you expect them all to run Admin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External libraries, we run a few of our own scripts but load up extra library files in the profile you may want to test that what is loaded is loaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deadlock conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;database transactions, if you run transactions you could check that these succeed/or fail if you want negative tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without knowing more that's what I'd check first off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-10-11T20:37:29.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1941" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-11T22:00:41.153" Score="35" ViewCount="291558" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have googled for the answer, but the &lt;code&gt;.stop()&lt;/code&gt; so frequently mentioned doesn't work for me. The Chrome window the test was running in remains open.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_getResults(self):&#xA;    sel = selenium('localhost', 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, 'http://blackpearl/')&#xA;    sel.start()&#xA;    # do stuff&#xA;&#xA;def tearDown(self):&#xA;    sel = selenium('localhost', 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, 'http://blackpearl/')&#xA;    sel.close()&#xA;    sel.stop()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas? I'm using Selenium Server 2.8.0 with Python 2.6 and mostly using Chrome 14 windows to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="2958" LastEditDate="2019-10-02T11:20:27.803" LastActivityDate="2020-10-06T11:12:07.247" Title="How do I close the browser window at the end of a Selenium test?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1939" CreationDate="2011-10-12T07:42:00.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main idea here is install the new one over the old one and still your credentials and error log must work.&#xA;It need not be only from App store and itunes, you can configure the device to get the updates from your local server also.. assumed it can be connected from outside. Otherwise what you doing is right.. update from itunes.&#xA;But be sure the update can be installed by simultaneous Users from different devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2011-10-12T07:42:00.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2011-10-12T07:54:02.327" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only one thing i would like to add apart from Joe's contribution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't point out two or more issues in the same bug report. If you feel there appears another different issue when you follow the same steps, raise it separately, otherwise there the chance it get missed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2011-10-12T07:54:02.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1944" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2003" CreationDate="2011-10-12T12:10:22.120" Score="9" ViewCount="1276" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking of live production sites here, where there is a continuous community or much content being updated, sort of like a newspaper site or community site (the one I work at is a healthcare improvement company) and we have news articles, programs and so on.  While the underlying code is tested and released there are often production issues that come up, maybe certain pages stop working, style sheets suddenly don't appear like they did due to a service patch or some tweak done to improve production security or performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is Acceptance Testing for when a deployment goes out to make sure things work right, Regression Testing to make sure nothing has been broken since previous releases.  Considering we've done these types of tests and things are working fine what would you call testing, or checking, the site to make sure things still work fine?  To be sure new pages are being crawled for search indexing?  To check that newly added pages are using plug-ins correctly?  Or so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My manager and I were discussing some issues that have cropped up and decided we needed to do something like this, but then to sort of note it in our status reports we didn't really have a name for it.  Anyone done this and have a term that might be good?  Or would you consider it covered by something like Continuous Acceptance Testing or some such term?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T22:09:59.713" Title="What would be a good term for continuous testing post-deployment?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1893" CreationDate="2011-10-12T13:08:31.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your goal is to export in Excel the description of test step, the best way is to use, in the module dashboard, the &quot;Excel Report&quot;.&#xA;With this tool, you can create an Excel file with :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for each request SQL an Excel sheet with the result of your request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can create VB code who is execute in post processing (to add graph, specific instruction, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the database, QC save all htlm tag for description. With &quot;Excel Report&quot;, the result is only the text without html tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1443" LastActivityDate="2011-10-12T13:08:31.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1474" CreationDate="2011-10-12T13:34:09.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the good way of use : QC is strong to trace and show what it really append in the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to change the status of a lot of test (with step), normally you must execute (like real time) the run of all your test and put the right status (like this you can challenge the real duration of your test) and QC will trace the status of your step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you only need to put a &quot;Passed&quot; status for a lot of test, because you know that this part is allready test with success or other reason, you can do a &quot;Fast run&quot; for all the test. To do this, for each test set, in the &quot;Execution grid&quot; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select a test  go in the &quot;Tests&quot; menu (between &quot;View&quot; and &quot;Analysis&quot;&#xA;menu)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select &quot;Replace&quot;, a new window is open&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the fields that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you want to change, the actual value and the new value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All step will be on &quot;No run&quot; Status, but it's the truth (you don't execute the test) and it doesn't matter because all reporting will trace the status of your test not the status of the step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1443" LastActivityDate="2011-10-12T13:34:09.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1944" CreationDate="2011-10-12T14:30:31.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd call it Production Monitoring as well.&#xA;In my company we have &quot;Production Engineers&quot; performing this sort of task, not QA folks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2011-10-12T15:24:18.103" LastActivityDate="2011-10-12T15:24:18.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1944" CreationDate="2011-10-12T23:30:22.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Similar to Joe Strazzere's answer, at our place we call them &lt;strong&gt;Production Support&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dev and QA work on major releases and enhancements to the site, but if there are any client reported issues which would take less than 40 hours to fix, it is all handled by Production Support.  Everything, from coding and debugging to testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes just so they feel more confident, they would have the QA folks test their fixes before pushing to prod though!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastActivityDate="2011-10-12T23:30:22.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1949" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1958" CreationDate="2011-10-13T05:37:42.380" Score="6" ViewCount="7192" Body="&lt;p&gt;While automating multi locale application I had to stop using -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertTrue(selenium.isTextPresent(&quot;success text message&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where success text message would change for each locale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertTrue(selenium.isElementPresent(&quot;constant_id&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where id would be constant for each locale.&#xA;Though tests works now, I would be losing on checking the text it self for different locales. What approach do you suggest here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-10-13T15:40:39.643" LastActivityDate="2015-05-24T17:28:50.530" Title="Do you verify presence of text in your automated tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1949" CreationDate="2011-10-13T07:08:01.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, We do verify. From automation suites I have worked on, I have observed it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ids would be same in each code, Based on the locale we can pass the expected text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can Have a function &lt;code&gt;GetExpectedText&lt;/code&gt; which accepts Id and locale. It would return the text applicable / to be checked for that locale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have Custom verify Method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;VerifyText(GetActualTextBased by ID, GetExpectedText(&quot;Id&quot;,&quot;Locale&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-24T17:28:50.530" LastActivityDate="2015-05-24T17:28:50.530" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1951" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-13T08:10:09.210" Score="4" ViewCount="927" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few log files of request\response for web application and I need to analyze it somehow. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The log files have been made with the Tamper Data Firefox add-on, but I can't find any way to use that add-on to read its own logs. It's simple XML files but it's kind of impossible to work with it just like that since there are over 150 request\response operations in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any software to read these files?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1446" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-14T03:20:37.740" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T03:16:21.800" Title="How to read log files from Tamper Data Firefox add-on?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1951" CreationDate="2011-10-13T10:34:58.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Updating my answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I remember during my testing we used firefox add on for simulating GZIP, tamper data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would suggest to write custom code to parse and extract required content&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2011-10-13T15:45:33.707" LastActivityDate="2011-10-13T15:45:33.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1953" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-13T12:45:11.107" Score="1" ViewCount="403" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know everyone's opinion on the best tools for setting up a continuous integration, test and deploy infrastructure for a Ruby on Rails web application API in the Amazon EC2 cloud and any tips or best practices for Jenkins, JMeter, RubyMine, git ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1447" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-05T13:36:06.443" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T13:36:06.443" Title="Suggestions for continuous integration, test and deploy infrastructure for a Ruby on Rails application in Amazon EC2 cloud" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1949" CreationDate="2011-10-13T15:12:46.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I acknowledge that it may be appropriate to use automation for verifying multi-language user interfaces.  My company's user interface is English-only.  I use automation for verifying parts of the user interface, but I verify messages manually.  I believe it is important to view each message (and other static text) not just in isolation but in the context of the rest of the user interface, and this is best done by an actual human.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-13T15:12:46.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1955" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-13T15:13:01.810" Score="3" ViewCount="430" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a suite of WatiN tests and added them into Source Control. My team are new to using TFS and I am looking at how I can get the tests to run as part of a TFS Build that will build all the projects concerned, run our suite of Unit Tests and ran the Automated UI Tests created using WatiN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment, everything detailed previously gets done when the build is ran apart from the Automated UI Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When editing the Build Definition, in the process section I set the Automated Tests to run matching **\test.dll using setting from [where the WatiN tests are stored in Source Control]. However, the tests have not being run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have been looking around for information on the best way to set them up and finding it hard to find what I am doing wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone can pass on any advice on what I am missing to get these tests running as part of the build would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="566" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T12:13:49.447" Title="Running WatiN Tests in TFS Build" Tags="&lt;watin&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1956" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-10-13T15:28:16.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Team Foundation Server (commonly abbreviated to TFS) is a Microsoft product offering source control, data collection, reporting, and project tracking, and is intended for collaborative software development projects. It is available either as stand-alone software, or as the server side back end platform for Visual Studio Team System (VSTS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-10-13T19:54:57.260" LastActivityDate="2011-10-13T19:54:57.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1957" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-10-13T15:28:16.887" Score="0" Body="Microsoft Team Foundation Server, a Microsoft product offering source control, data collection, reporting, and project tracking, intended for collaborative software development projects." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T04:45:16.747" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T04:45:16.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1949" CreationDate="2011-10-13T16:52:33.720" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done this one of four ways and I can share my experience and opinions with each of these ways. &lt;BR&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check for non-text to verify messages.  Often with error messages or other important informational messages, they are coupled with an error (or message) code that is available as an attribute on the html tag.  If they are not, you can ask your developer to include them so that you know every time message ID 1234 shows up that the text is the appropriate text for the situation and the locale.  This is fairly inexpensive to implement and gives you a decent probability of success.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use the resx bundled in the server code to get the locale appropriate text for your automation.  This requires finding and setting up a tool or code that will parse the resx file for you.  In addition, you will need to pull down a current version of the resx along with your automation each time you run against a new build.  This will give you the most complete coverage and ensure you are always checking for the text that the developer has assigned for the locale.  The downside is that this doesn't actually test anything that matters.  You still have no idea if the text is appropriate for the context and the likelyhood that the text you're looking for is going to be different than what you get from the resx is almost 0 since you are testing the web site with the same data that the web site uses. &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Basically the approach that Siva describes in his answer.  The problem with this approach is the maintenance cost.  Every time a string changes you have to go modify your XML with strings for each of the locales that you are running in.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify text in English version, but skip it for other locales.  This actually is the one that I would suggest, possibly in addition to 1.  Most likely you will run your automation against the English web site once every build.  This way you can ensure that the text appears correctly and that it is correct for the context.  Testing this in every other locale isn't really going to buy you anything since you don't understand the text anyways.  You can still do stuff like make sure that the div (or whatever tag that holds the text) exists and the style is correct (not hidden, etc) as it would be if it were displaying the text.  One additional check you can do is ensure that on non English runs the English text does NOT appear.  Often if the text has not been localized, it will still appear as the English text (since most localization engines fall back to that).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In summary, testing each locale exhaustively is not going to buy you much and is likely a waste of resources.  You should focus on testing the functionality of the site and hopefully your localization team is doing their job well and testing their own strings in context.  &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Another note: if you are relying on text to identify elements, that is a bug and you should ask your developers to instead provide ID's, or find some other way of identifying the element - perhaps using relationships with other elements that do have ID's or other unique identifiers that don't change in different languages.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One additional note: You can and should still test languages that have different character sets and/or are bi-directional either manually or automated.  I honestly prefer to do these tests manually since often the errors you will see have to do with the layout of the page and/or correct rendering of the character sets (if the encoding is incorrect) which are difficult to test in an automated fashion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="8230" LastEditDate="2014-07-10T11:07:33.413" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T11:07:33.413" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1959" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-13T21:04:25.433" Score="-6" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is Microsoft interview question. Can some body help me with it plz ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;How would you test the font button in microsoft word?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1450" LastActivityDate="2011-10-14T09:44:22.623" Title="Testing font button" Tags="&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2011-11-04T06:06:41.720" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1959" CreationDate="2011-10-13T22:32:53.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd probably do a Google search for &quot;How would you test the font button in microsoft word&quot;, perhaps post the question to a few random forums, then follow whatever came back without even thinking twice about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh wait, no I wouldn't... never mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-10-13T22:32:53.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1959" CreationDate="2011-10-14T08:12:18.850" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd go to the I.M Testy blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/&quot;&gt;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/&lt;/a&gt; ( BJ Rollison of MS ) and search for 'font'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also get a copy of How We Test Software At Microsoft and read it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-10-14T08:12:18.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1959" CreationDate="2011-10-14T09:44:22.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you approach this as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work Out What The Font Button Is Supposed To Do&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open MS Word, search the online help for &quot;font&quot;. Read the entries related to fonts. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a bit of a play around in Word trying various settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Write Some Tests To Check If The Font Button Does What It's Supposed To Do&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use what you learned about the font button to write some test cases. If you don't know how to write a test case then try searching either on here or with Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-10-14T09:44:22.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1949" CreationDate="2011-10-14T19:50:35.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a common issue that comes up in automated test design. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since textual strings in forms are likely to change, and if the purpose is functional validation of 'text' for whatever langauge being present then I would recommend using the control ID as you have done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it is possible (and Siva explains one possible way), in my experience validating the content of a string in automation doesn't seem like a worthy pursuit IMHO and is a recipe for constant maintenance and numerous false positives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If testing the content of a string is important, then you can always call an API to detect the current OS UI locale/language in your test (rather than passing an arg as a param), and then using either fuzzy match, or taking a sample of the string a comparing the char code points against the range code point values for chars for that given locale/language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-10-14T21:09:19.300" LastActivityDate="2011-10-14T21:09:19.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1944" CreationDate="2011-10-14T19:56:15.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We refer to this as sustained engineering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our sustained engineering teams fix product bugs identified by customers post release; they also make sure changes by upstream dependencies don't introduce issues, and also release period service packs with updates as required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the size of your org. the sustained engineering teams can be separate teams or another aspect of the SDLC for your business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-10-14T19:56:15.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1820" CreationDate="2011-10-15T15:01:21.760" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though we've never tried doing so, I can almost certainly answer your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because finding a security flaw is not a procedure - it requires a skill-set. Not everyone can do it - and bot would be the last thing I would expect me to report a real security issue. They're sometimes good to find basic flaws like SQL Injections etc. but integrating them with the infrastructure doesn't look feasible to me, because there's no ROI in doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To support what I said, I can give you an instance of few years back when my programmer found a big security flaw by changing name of cookie to gain access to unauthorized account. This is something you can't expect to be done by bot. This requires intelligence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2011-10-15T15:01:21.760" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1888" CreationDate="2011-10-16T05:42:50.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned by Joshin any metric may &lt;em&gt;&quot; creating incentives for particular behaviours&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. While using a metric be very clear in to everyone in the team the intended purpose of using the metric. Metric should always be an aid to improve the dev/test process. The metric i found useful were defect trend reports such as number of defects opened, number of defects closed over a period of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1202" LastActivityDate="2011-10-16T05:42:50.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1968" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1999" CreationDate="2011-10-16T23:51:30.303" Score="15" ViewCount="670" Body="&lt;p&gt;My manager's manager (... and his manager, and everyone else who wears a suit) at my firm is talking about how we really need to transition to TDD because it's better than what we're doing now. Unfortunately we're dealing with a very old system that has zero automated testing. A lot of this stems from the lack of time allocated to set up any kind of framework around it, and the fear that such a framework would take a lot of time to maintain and its only output would increase developer workload. (You and I both see that as a good thing. You may remember a couple of my other questions surrounding it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We recently hired a 'release manager' who basically just sets up a project management system and looks at all the projects coming in and makes sure they have all their documentation. Apparently it's required for SOX compliance to have one, even if it doesn't really seem that his title and his job description match up. &lt;strong&gt;One of the things he now looks for (and rejects the proposal if it is missing) is a testing document&lt;/strong&gt;: a series of steps that the analyst has put forth about how to test the new feature or bug fix they're championing. I won't go into the quality of the document, but at least most of them are more than &quot;deploy to test environment, analyst to test&quot;. Let's just assume that enough of them are good enough quality to give someone at least the happy path testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this considered TDD? I suppose I always thought TDD meant you had to have, say, a unit test written before your class, or an integration test written before you wrote your bridging code between two modules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I don't want to fall into the &quot;we're Agile!&quot; trap. I think it's silly to sit in a meeting and argue about whether we're actually doing TDD or not. But what I think is important is to be able to line up what we're doing with the lessons others have learned. If we are doing (what the general community calls) TDD then it stands to reason that we are likely to benefit from advice geared at teams that do TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are the tests mandated by TDD required to be automated?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are we doing what the general community calls TDD?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we aren't what would we need to change to do so?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regardless of if we &quot;are&quot; or not, is there some red flag indicated here that would let us be more in line with the TDD community?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, it would appear that yes, you do need &lt;strong&gt;automated&lt;/strong&gt; tests in order to be &quot;TDD&quot;. So perhaps a follow-up question would be how much of TDD would translate to an &quot;only manual testing&quot; environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2011-10-17T01:28:02.663" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T09:48:43.290" Title="In TDD, do tests need to be automated?" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1968" CreationDate="2011-10-17T01:01:45.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had been into Test Driven Development and this is the way we approached it. The Developer develops automated unit tests even before he starts coding. Suppose there are 18 tests to validate the payment method. Before he writes the code, all the 18 tests would fail. After the coding is completed he would ensure that all the 18 automated unit tests are passing. After unit testing is done he would handover testing to the QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had automated unit tests in our company. I am not sure if it is mandatory to have it  automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T01:01:45.180" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1968" CreationDate="2011-10-17T01:23:43.357" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;TDD is, in its truest sense, exactly as Aruna described it.  The developer writes automated unit tests, watches the test fail, then proceeds to write the code that the unit test was meant to test, codes until it passes, and then refactors, all the while maintaining the core unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally (in my world at least), all of the tests should also be organized into suites in a test runner, such as JUnit (no experience with Java, but, I seem to remember you stating that you used Java at your company).  That way, you can always also look to see if your changes happened to create a bug in any previous code that you've tested, before you hand it off to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No real red flags that I can see (also fighting a flu and fever so I may be wrong), but, if you were to take a look at JUnit, or any other xUnit, do you think that you could write quick tests to test each of your methods?  Do you really think it would take a whole lot longer?  For unit tests, and TDD in general, there typically doesn't need to be a whole lot of framework there.  If it will only take you a an extra half-hour to an hour a day to write the tests, and your own output ends up being more reliable and up to the customer's spec's, will your manager mind?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT based on your edit:&lt;/strong&gt;  In my own mind, although maybe not necessarily in the minds of others, TDD is automated.  Manually testing your code after being written is just a good practice.  If you do want to take the motions of TDD however, and apply them in a manual, you will probably see some improvement in immediate code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write down exactly what you want the code to do&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write the code  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert that the code functions exactly as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A positive to this is that you are able to give these tests to the change champions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A downside, if you want to ensure that it is still working as expected in the future, you must do it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2011-10-17T01:51:05.363" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T01:51:05.363" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1971" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1973" CreationDate="2011-10-17T05:14:15.857" Score="8" ViewCount="2856" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen this recommendation many times that tear down is supposed to clear test data which is created during tests. This is supposed to avoid interference with any future tests. For example email-id which is used during test could be used during next run of test as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not comfortable with this approach as in the wake of test failures tool generated test data might come handy to debug the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curious to know how other teams have been handling this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="134" LastEditDate="2011-10-18T03:21:44.917" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T23:12:25.897" Title="Should tool generated test data be deleted during tear down in test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1971" CreationDate="2011-10-17T05:27:17.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't believe by 'clear' it is meant 'delete'. It simply means you must ensure that one run does not spill into a second run. You may want to consider dumping the database before wiping it, or simply creating a new database for each run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as there's a clear wall of separation and two runs on the same input yield the same set of data, there shouldn't be a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T05:27:17.820" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1971" CreationDate="2011-10-17T11:50:14.613" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree Tarun, and for exactly the reasons you stated.  Leaving all test data in place lets you efficiently analyze and debug your test results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a clean test environment for each test execution, better to do the &quot;tear down&quot; task immediately before you create your test data for the current run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T11:50:14.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1971" CreationDate="2011-10-17T12:23:45.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you run your automation tests in their own environment you can get around this by taking a backup, or snapshot, if your tests fail so you have the data error collected.  Of course you'll also need to copy any log files or any other collection as well, I notice this is always neglected and sometimes what seemed to be a data error is something else entirely and then I have to dig through log files to find the one I want - if it hasn't been overwritten already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes I ran automation tests in our Test Environment, but we structured our tests so we didn't need to clear the data - in some instances that was more difficult than was required for the test.  Since we needed the production data and it was time consuming to install in Test, and we continually ran tests, we worked around it.  Your mileage may vary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me the concept of clear goes back to when I wanted to do database compares before and after tests and I knew what state I wanted things to be in, this was the way to be sure the data was correct and the test passed.  So it's good to clear, when you can and it affords you value, but you should carefully define what you mean by clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T12:23:45.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1975" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2064" CreationDate="2011-10-17T15:55:19.043" Score="2" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I posted this question on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7729669/how-to-get-custom-birt-reports-in-silkcentral-test-manager-to-pull-the-currently&quot;&gt;StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt; and did not get any answers, so re-posting here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using Eclipse (Galileo) to create some custom BIRT reports (version 2.5) for SilkCentral Test Manager (version 11).  When creating the report in SCTM, we have to specify the SQL query to be used for the report.  We also have to specify the SQL query when designing the BIRT report in Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that in the SCTM SQL statement we could specify parameters to be pulled based on the current settings, such as the currently selected project:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WHERE TPN.PROJECTID_FK = ${$PROJECTID}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought this would carry over to the BIRT report that is associated with the SCTM report, but this is not the case.  I created a new report in SCTM and specified the following query (which contains no information that will be displayed in the BIRT report):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT      proj.&quot;ProjectName&quot;, proj.&quot;ProjectID_pk&quot;&#xA;FROM        &quot;Silk&quot;.&quot;SCC_Projects&quot; AS proj&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then went to the report tab and associated a custom report and the report displayed correctly, proving that it is using the Data Source/Data Sets from BIRT and not the SQL provided in SCTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I'm facing is that I want the custom report to display the currently selected project, but I'm not able to specify it properly in Eclipse.  I need this because I want to only have one report template to be used for &lt;strong&gt;multiple&lt;/strong&gt; projects, instead of having to upload a custom report for every single project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A Hardcoded value for the project &lt;em&gt;definitely&lt;/em&gt; does not work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WHERE TPN.PROJECTID_FK = 34&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I tried setting it as a parameter (Name=projectID, DataType=Integer, DisplayType=Text Box, DefaultValue = 34).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WHERE TPN.PROJECTID_FK = ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this runs, the report pulls the Default Value, and not the currently selected project.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I tried setting it as a Dynamic Parameter (Name=projectID, DataType=Integer, DisplayType=ListBox, DataSet=ProjectID, SelectValueColumn=ProjectID_pk, SelectDisplayText=ProjectName, DefaultValue=36)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also pulls the Default Value when the report runs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Default value is a required field, so I don't know what to do to get this to work properly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions/solutions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2011-10-27T15:32:53.643" Title="How to get Custom BIRT reports in SilkCentral Test Manager to pull the currently selected project?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-17T16:39:08.223" Score="23" ViewCount="6511" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a some sort of management/reporting tool that collects the results of tests, stores them for reporting, then lets users generate reports based on those tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have numerous test running tools that run on a variety of platforms, but all output test results in the JUnit format.  The test are not specific to hardware or platform, but rather generic.  What we would like to do is have an automated (or manual) test run be able to submit it to a central location along with additional information, like platform, OS, hardware configuration and maybe user defined data.  The management/reporting tool would store this data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, a manager would be able to go to the tool and request (or more likely, access a dashboard that developers have setup) an update on the current status.  This could be a list of test results that were run in a particular configuration, or a hardware status, or just the results of specific test(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I am not looking for software that manages the TESTS.  We already write our own tests in other tools.  I want something that can manage the test RESULTS without having to create the TESTS.  Probably makes my question too specialized...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1464" LastEditorUserId="30078" LastEditDate="2019-04-09T02:14:12.867" LastActivityDate="2019-04-09T07:30:56.847" Title="Test Result Management and Reporting tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1971" CreationDate="2011-10-17T16:50:05.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want your tests to be repeatable; if you find a bug, someone else may want to reproduce it by running the same test under the same conditions.  It is up to you to decide how to meet that goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will always be times when the tearDown method fails or does not get a chance to run, e.g. when someone kills a test by hand, so I do not want to depend on the tearDown method to clean everything up.  Instead, I only use a tearDown method to release any resources that subsequent tests might need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my test needs run under a specific set of conditions, I write my setup method to establish those conditions.  If establishing the conditions is too heavy-weight a process, my setup method may simply check whether the conditions are true and signal an error if something is awry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T16:50:05.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2011-10-17T16:53:27.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A continuous integration server might meet your needs.  I suggest looking at Hudson or Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T16:53:27.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1971" CreationDate="2011-10-17T19:45:47.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not cleaning up on tear down works as long as you are 100% sure that every test cleans up before setup correctly and always will (e.g., its setup won't get outdated).  If you are the only tester and the only person using your environment - or, if you have a good 'clean the environment &amp;amp; restore to defaults' script / function that all testers use before test or which the harness runs automatically - then I think it can work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, most software does not want to stop and sit after a failure to maintain a pristine failure state with all of the data from the error still in its original form.  Most software projects need to use test resources efficiently, and that means cleaning up and moving on to the next test.  To have a debug-able failure, that means you need to save state anyways before moving on.  Copy the error files and config files, back up the DB, dump machine information on CPU / RAM / etc. into log files, and so on, and put it all in one place so its easy for the tester investigating the issue to find everything s/he needs.  Since most testers will want to save state before the test ends anyways, there's not a lot of advantages to avoiding a full cleanup during tear down.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you don't clean up during tear down, you will need to maintain old tests when more configuration options are made available, so they set those new options correctly.  This &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be avoided by setting the machine to a 'default state' before running tests using a single function that is always called before tests, so you just update that one function - but if you are choosing not to cleanup after tests, test setup maintainability is something you likely want to plan for.  If you don't have a process for ensuring test setup remains maintainable (and the feasibility of this kind of planning varies between companies), then cleaning up is a good idea.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know in my company, I can't rely on other test developers to clean up &lt;em&gt;everything&lt;/em&gt; before starting tests - largely because my company is planning to make huge changes to QA in the future, and I can't know for sure that the other testers using my harness will be skilled, or will understand the system well enough to think of all the things they will need to clean up. I don't get to develop policy, I can only try and influence it. I could let other test developers suffer for their bad habits, but I know that could rebound on me politically.  So, I always clean up to the best of my ability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also the case where the failure disrupts things so much that the cleanup code can't run.  In this case, I personally like to have the failure to cleanup reported with the tear down for the actual test that caused the problem, rather than reported as a failure of the setup of the next test to run.  If nothing else, it's easier to show to devs and management and explain as one failed test, not two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Not a lot of advantages to avoiding cleanup during teardown, but there are some:  Maybe cleanup is expensive, and doing it during both setup and teardown is too time-consuming -  cleanup during setup is definitely more important.  Maybe you haven't had time to develop the 'save everything' infrastructure so you &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; want things to stop and sit, rather than having the run continue.  Maybe you think the cases where a tester on your product doesn't clean up before testing are so rare that you would rather save the development time needed for cleaning up and trust that this piece of QA culture doesn't change over time in your company.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T19:45:47.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1971" CreationDate="2011-10-17T20:22:22.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer your question: Yes, and No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For bug testing, we use 2 different db. Usually I start with a &quot;clean&quot; database (usually &quot;demo&quot; db), but sometimes I use the development db which is full of all sorts of stress test type data. There is no general rule on this, and the devs always use the stress test db when coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During installation testing, about 98% of the testing is done using the stress test type data. This is because the majority of our customers will be converting their db to the new build. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2011-10-17T20:22:22.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1820" CreationDate="2011-10-18T04:44:03.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible, in a word, yes.  However, there will be some investment required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I use the tool &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acunetix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Acunetix&lt;/a&gt;.  It's rather customizable and comprehensive.  Yes, it has caught security flaws like changing a cookie.  Yes, it can be run by command line or a remote request if set to listen.  And, yes, it's expensive.  I would happily run it on our build servers, except for licensing.  We typically run scans on the same application in multiple environments (ie: Dev, PreProd, sometimes Test) and with a few dozen applications that need to be scanned, sometimes running at build time won't work for our release schedules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tool like this is great if you want to check against typical threats.  Typically, myself, I like to do a quick scan for the OWASP Top 10 in Dev and then a full comprehensive scan (sometimes in the millions of tests) in a PreProd environment.  If it finds anything, it gives you exactly what it used and how to reproduce it in a Fiddler like interface.  After it's done, it gives you the options to create quick reports for management to look at, or hundreds page reports with all details for the testers and dev's to pour through with steps to correct and idea's for manual testing based off of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, it depends on what you want from it.  If you want something akin to typical test automation where it will catch regressioned bugs, it's great.  If you've done tests on your site before and now want to look for new things, Abhimanyu is absolutely correct, an automated tool can and should be replaced by a dedicated tester specializing in security (and, IMHO, should be done in addition to the tool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-10-18T04:44:03.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2011-10-18T06:01:22.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jason, check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterprisetester.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enterprise Tester&lt;/a&gt;. It is a test management tool that allows integration with a number of tools, allowing the storing of tests and results in a single place. Integrate Hudson, Jenkin etc. and get total visability across your quality process for both manual and automated tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt; Bryce works for the company that sells this tool and didn't mention his affiliation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1467" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-12-13T23:37:42.230" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T23:37:42.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1968" CreationDate="2011-10-18T08:19:09.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;None of TDD is manual testing. The whole idea of the &quot;Driven&quot;-part is that you get a collection of tests that run every time you change something to your source code, in order to maintain stability and prevent regression issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests don't, howevery, need to be unit tests. If you prefer, they could be automated UI tests for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="282" LastActivityDate="2011-10-18T08:19:09.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1987" CreationDate="2011-10-18T12:45:05.067" Score="5" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been tasked with changing the focus of my team from a &quot;can do everything&quot; team into one that is more service orientated, i.e. we can provide the framework for your testing rather than being there to perform the actual testing. This change in focus is to support internal delivery teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm asking is has anyone been in this situation before and could they pass on any advice or links to articles to give me a pointer in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastEditorUserId="230" LastEditDate="2011-10-18T15:07:34.157" LastActivityDate="2011-10-19T17:20:22.080" Title="Turning software testing into an internal service" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1986" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1989" CreationDate="2011-10-18T14:45:58.710" Score="6" ViewCount="7682" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm helping to automate an new web application, part of this application requires email verification. What are the industry standards for automating the black hole known as &quot;email&quot;?&#xA;What I'm trying to do is automate this piece of functionality &lt;em&gt;without&lt;/em&gt; having any dependency on third party applications, like outlook or gmail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should these emails be stored in a database via the application and then retrieved?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should we have an email sniffer that make the emails available via text file or again in db?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI, we are using the webAii automation framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1473" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T00:30:44.240" Title="Automating email verification feature of an application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1985" CreationDate="2011-10-18T15:20:29.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think staging your removal from the actual performing of testing will be important. You will want to make sure that the standard of testing doesn't drop with the removal of your team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will take time to hand over the test execution process and pass on experience. You might want to gradually remove your team one by one and monitor the level of testing. You will get a feel for when you are ready to remove more team members from both the team(s) that you are handing over to and the feedback for your team members.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that you are going to be removing experience from the test executing process and that will take time for whoever will be preforming your testing to get that experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="230" LastActivityDate="2011-10-18T15:20:29.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1988" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="1993" CreationDate="2011-10-18T20:50:48.663" Score="27" ViewCount="124352" Body="&lt;p&gt;This has been asked a million times on the web, but there's no clear cut answer. I tried &quot;-browserSessionReuse&quot; today without any luck; my tests keep spawning new browser windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;X:\QA\Automation\SELENIUM_SERVER&amp;gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.8.0.jar -log &quot;log.txt&quot; -browserSessionReuse -forcedBrowserMode &quot;*googlechrome&quot;&#xA;&amp;lt;snip&amp;gt;&#xA;13:42:25.923 INFO - Will recycle browser sessions when possible.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it's how I'm starting Selenium in my .py files?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sel = selenium('localhost', 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, 'http://server/')&#xA;sel.start()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...perhaps I'm doing too many server starts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T04:55:08.510" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T04:55:08.510" Title="Selenium: reuse existing browser session, instead of opening new windows?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1986" CreationDate="2011-10-19T07:32:20.040" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done a simple thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup a IMAP/POP3 mail server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send the mail to server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retrieve the mail from the server using code. (Java Mail API for example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do further actions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know about any industry standard. But this works for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="644" LastActivityDate="2011-10-19T07:32:20.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2011-10-19T07:34:20.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcollab.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testcollab.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can store all test executions, test cases, list of testers, configurations etc. etc., there are various other features too which might come handy like issue manager integration and time tracking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pricing starts at $25 per use on hosted plans (free trial also available)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm the co-founder of Test Collab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2011-10-19T07:34:20.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1986" CreationDate="2011-10-19T12:15:07.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As best as I can tell, you have two problems: you want to verify that the email is sent but you don't want to depend on an existing email provider; and you want to test what happens when an email's embedded link is clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the first problem, I would probably configure a test mode in the server in which it would write files to the file system or to a database.  In the past, I have accomplished the latter by implementing a custom provider in the Java Mail API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second problem, I would parse the email to extract the verification URL.  (I assume you know how to simulate the click once you have the URL.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this approach will not check whether the email is legible or understandable or whether the email layout is correct in Outlook or in any of the popular email readers like Gmail or Yahoo Mail, but you can always do that by hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-10-19T17:16:58.477" LastActivityDate="2011-10-19T17:16:58.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="448" CreationDate="2011-10-19T14:23:52.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you thought about expressing your desire/request in terms of quality and costs to the business, i.e. how much it costs (time+money) to set up the large number of projects versus the costs for having a dedicated Q.A. team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also is it possible you can collaborate with the B.A. team to publish the costs (time+effort) needed to rework the requirements once the product has gone into production?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm thinking of is can you &quot;sell&quot; the idea of doing preventative measures rather than curative actions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2011-10-19T14:23:52.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2011-10-19T17:00:51.627" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is possible with Selenium 2 and WebDriver. I'm not sure if it is with different versions.  In Selenium 2 with WebDriver you can call &lt;code&gt;webDriver = new FirefoxDriver()&lt;/code&gt; which spawns a browser, and that browser will stay open for the duration of your testing, or you can choose to close it with &lt;code&gt;webDriver.Quit()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I like to close my browser window between tests so that I know my tests aren't &quot;dirty&quot; with stored session data that could affect how the tests run, but I can see value in some targeted tests, where I want to try a couple different scenarios while keeping the same session going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-06-25T14:28:33.420" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T14:28:33.420" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1985" CreationDate="2011-10-19T17:20:22.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked on teams as a tester and worked on teams as a tool developer.  Stuart talked about the transition so I won't talk more about that, but I think I can add some helpful information on what to expect and what you can focus on in your new role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are going to be a development team producing products with real customers.  The sooner you wrap your head around that and start acting like a real product team, the easier this will be for your customers.  Make sure that you treat your tools as products, create a schedule for fixing and deploying those tools, create high quality documentation for those tools, if you haven't already - decide how you will handle support.  Do not underestimate support costs and time spent in bug fixes, even with a handful of customers it can end up eating away a lot of your time, especially if you have no process surrounding it.  If you have multiple team members, you may even consider having one of them &quot;on point&quot; or tier 1 for support for a week at a time to try to avoid randomizing people and allowing them to do their normal work.  One helpful thing is to have an archive of questions and answers, whether that is a forum or a searchable DL, etc, it is very important to have this so that you are not answering the same questions over and over again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be prepared to say no and to justify your priorities.  Now that you have multiple customers, they are going to have their own agendas and will push to get their high impacting issues fixed.  A good way to help with this is to get representatives from each of your customer teams to meet periodically and be involved in the planning process, give you feedback and bring info from your team back to their respective teams.  This will allow them to get consensus on which bugs and features your team should focus on.  Keep in mind though that fixes to infrastructure that may have small impact on your customers but a large impact on your team still need to have priority and you need to be the advocate for those changes and back them up with data around why they are important and why they should take precedence over whatever other features your customers may want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, it's easy to fall into a mode where you create tools for everything your customers would ever want and before you know it you're suffering from feature bloat.  You've got a bunch of disconnected tools that do &quot;everything&quot; but they are confusing, hard to find, hard to figure out, etc.  Your team needs to be adamant about quality.  The same as in a real product team, it is better for your team to create and maintain a few very effective elegantly written and maintained tools than to have a bunch of poorly written and maintained &quot;quick fix&quot; tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this is useful information.  Good luck :-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-10-19T17:20:22.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1995" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-19T18:31:50.850" Score="1" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a simple tool that will generate pie charts or otherwise &quot;pretty&quot;, graphical output based on the .xml file that nose outputs with the &lt;code&gt;--with-xunit&lt;/code&gt; switch?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried googling around for one but didn't have any luck. I think TestNG will do it? But it sounded like a lot of setup required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T02:53:07.623" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T02:53:07.623" Title="Pretty / GUI formatting for the nosetests.xml xUnit report?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1995" CreationDate="2011-10-19T18:57:17.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know of a simple tool for doing what you asked, but I offer the following alternative.  I think this breaks down into two problems: converting an XML file to something more amenable to a graphing package (for example, a CSV file), and then instructing the graphing package to convert the data into a graph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a variety of methods for extracting data from an XML file; your choice will depend on your personal preferences and your programming skills.  For example, I believe nose is a python tool; you could use one of the Python XML parsers to extract the data and produce a CSV file.  Depending on the XML file's format, and if it is convenient for you to use Unix command line tools, you may be able to extract the data using awk, grep, and sed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you Google for &quot;convert csv to graph&quot;, you will find many tools for graphing your data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-10-19T23:00:02.590" LastActivityDate="2011-10-19T23:00:02.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-19T21:21:13.190" Score="9" ViewCount="37757" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a devil of a time figuring this out. It wasn't documented on the web anywhere I could find. I ended up reading the webdriver &lt;strong&gt;init&lt;/strong&gt;.py to find out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:42:45.717" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:42:45.717" Title="How do I start the Internet Explorer WebDriver for Selenium in Python?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1998" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3687" CreationDate="2011-10-19T23:42:40.580" Score="13" ViewCount="866" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard a reference to Privacy testing recently (James Whittaker mentioned it &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/so/2012/02/mso2012020004-abs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;) and it seems like a valuable area to know something about. It's extremely important these days as companies balance &quot;social features&quot; with protecting users P2I (personally identifiable information). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is how would someone go about understanding the basis for user privacy? Assuming you’d need to understand what privacy is before you could test for it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there references (blog posts, Wikipedia, books, videos, experts in the field?) on the factors involving user privacy? The end result could involve checking for your own or others user privacy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T14:42:05.453" LastActivityDate="2019-08-09T04:01:40.553" Title="Any good references on Privacy Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="1999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1968" CreationDate="2011-10-20T13:24:47.133" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;TDD is generally code designed by developers first writing unit tests. There is a fundamental difference in how developers and QA people approach the concept of test. It is more helpful to think of unit tests as code contracts. These will be updated and changed over time and that is the primary difference. To a QA person a test, once working, should always work unless the feature has been explicitly removed. To a developer unit tests are updated/modified whenever the code they cover is modified. This does not mean unit tests serve no purpose. They are great for testing business rules and great for informing developers of what a given method does or should do. Unit tests typically break down in finding bugs that involve interaction between different areas.&#xA;Testing documents typically are outlines of a test approach and areas to be covered. Then a test plan with test steps is created.&#xA;Unit tests should be run with every build for them to serve any real purpose.&#xA;Test Plans should be reviewed for automation after successful runs. Often what you assume needs to be tested initially is not what turns out to be needed over time. I think the trick is to make a good test plan for a given feature then pair done the test cases after the feature is complete adding the &quot;core&quot; test cases of the feature to regression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1097" LastActivityDate="2011-10-20T13:24:47.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1929" CreationDate="2011-10-20T14:41:31.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did a similar task as user246 when I was testing a Filter Driver that was developed for multiple platforms, we had a lot of duplication across platforms and some functionality that while repeated was unique due to the way the different environments worked.  The best thing you can do is list out the tests, what makes them unique, or not, and go from there to decide what tests you want and do not want to run per platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If one of your worries is repeating the &quot;same&quot; tests then make sure they actually are the same.  Different environments may perform the same function differently, so you want to be sure of what you are testing before you exclude them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-10-20T14:41:31.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1929" CreationDate="2011-10-20T15:41:10.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your goal is to try to have one test that will run on multiple platforms then one approach would be to write your tests in C# and have a method that detects the platform during test case initialization (similar to this example &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2010/03/03/programmatically-detecting-the-operating-system-version-part-ii/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2010/03/03/programmatically-detecting-the-operating-system-version-part-ii/&lt;/a&gt;), then use a bridge to marshall calls for the appropriate platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-10-20T15:41:10.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2027" CreationDate="2011-10-20T16:22:09.493" Score="9" ViewCount="990" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note: I've asked this over on SO and p.SE and it got closed. I'm not trying to game the system, just looking for a home :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm seeking a little &quot;wisdom of crowds&quot; estimation or a pointer to an authoritative reference regarding insight into best practices for allocating effort into testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While there is a wide range of different types of testing, given the following list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual exploratory testing (random ad-hoc testing either thru the user interface or APIs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual end-to-end testing (predefined user-interface driven tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated end-to-end testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual integration testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated integration testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated unit testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and given the following technologies and application:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some kind of LAMP stack&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;consumer facing ecommerce website&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;REST based business logic middle-tier for use by the website and internal facing back-office applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;back-office applications (inventory/order management, warehouse logistics, BI)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and given the following organization:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;product management defining the user-facing website&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;everyone on the front end is a PHP coder, and some are also good at javascript/css&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the middle-tier is java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;back-office applications are currently PHP and migrating to java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;back-office apps are defined by the internal consumers (purchasing, finance, warehouse, etc).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's think about the total number of hours spent performing testing activities (developers creating unit and integration tests, test engineers creating and executing test plans, test engineers creating tools and harnesses and running them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;THE QUESTION:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have a pointer to an authoritative study regarding this kind of resource allocation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my company, for example, I'd guess this is our current mix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;60% Manual exploratory testing&#xA;10% Manual end-to-end testing&#xA;10% Automated end-to-end testing&#xA; 5% Manual integration testing&#xA; 5% Automated integration testing&#xA; 5% Automated unit testing&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as my suggestion for a better practice, I'd prefer to see something more like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; 5% Manual exploratory testing&#xA; 5% Manual end-to-end testing&#xA;10% Automated end-to-end testing&#xA; 5% Manual integration testing&#xA;20% Automated integration testing&#xA;55% Automated unit testing&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd be most appreciative for any help in finding some shoulders to stand on to help guide my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Postscript: I'm confused about the whole &quot;subjective&quot; thing, and attempted to craft this question in line with the six guidelines for SQs (note that this question was closed on programmers, so that's not the answer). Anyway, given the six guidelines, I thought this satisfied them. Just to review:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;inspire answers that explain “why” and “how” -- admittedly a little weak here, but I'm pretty clearly asking for &quot;how&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;require long not short answers -- again, someone could answer with a string of five numbers, but I would hope to see some insight into why they landed on that particular mix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have a constructive, fair, impartial tone -- I hope that providing the estimates of my current and hoped for situation don't torpedo this characteristic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;encourage experiences over opinions -- I think this is pretty clearly asking for what folks are doing and what's working for them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insist opinion is backed up by fact -- I would hope that folks would tell the truth about their testing mix (analysis identifying why their mix is successful would be a bonus, see #1,2 and 4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;not just mindless social fun -- I'm hoping to learn something here&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1482" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:36:04.070" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T19:44:21.260" Title="What proportion of different types of software testing does your team use?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1944" CreationDate="2011-10-20T17:20:21.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was at Netflix, I called the team Operational Quality. The focus was on insuring that the code that was built &amp;amp; validated during the dev &amp;amp; test process actually worked the way it was supposed to in the production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the tools included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;continuous measurement of the performance of the different applications (down to the method, service and database call levels)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;continuous monitoring of the rate of different errors/exceptions getting thrown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a close partnership with the NOC in responding to decreases in throughput (requests per minute per server)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, while that was the team name, what was this process called? Never really had a name for it. Perhaps &quot;Application Assessment&quot;? &quot;Operational Assessment&quot;? &quot;Live Site Health Checking&quot;? &quot;Production Fault Detection&quot;? &quot;Operations Sanity Checking&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure what I'd call it, but I'd look for the verb first. Are you 'detecting', 'assessing', 'checking', 'monitoring'? Then find the noun to put in front. This is clearly 'production', but it's also a 'site', or maybe you're concerned about 'experience'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe &quot;Customer Experience Assurance&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1482" LastActivityDate="2011-10-20T17:20:21.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2004" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-20T17:34:58.000" Score="4" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a moderately large collection of Java components (some using some JNI). Each launches as a daemon (or Windows service) using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://wrapper.tanukisoftware.com/doc/english/product-overview.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tanuki&lt;/a&gt; package. Some publish SOAP or REST endpoints, others take messages from JMS. Some talk to each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each component reads an XML file for some configuration; they aren't (yet) coded to just come up and wait for someone to tell them what to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're looking for a testing framework for system-level tests. Note that these things are not webapps (war files) that deploy in containers. When they need to offer an endpoint, they embed a container via Apache CXF. So cargo.codehaus.org does not look apposite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't really care about the typical TDD focus on 'Test cases in English.' Everyone involved here is a programmer comfortable with typical programming languages and file formats; we really don't want or need the additional overhead of building and maintaining things that map English phrases to test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We did have an experiment with the Robot Framework, but it didn't go very well. The 'English' aspect consumed a lot of time, and we had horrible problems simply managing the deployment of the framework itself. (I should mention that we use Maven as a build tool.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What frameworks should we be looking at to script configuration, launch, and monitoring?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1483" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T07:25:38.960" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T07:25:38.960" Title="System / Integration testing for 'daemonized' components in Java" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-10-20T18:23:24.850" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no such thing as Quality Assurance or Control in Software. (Unfortunately most tester's don't seem to get this.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality Assurance and Quality Control both come from manufacturing where you can physically assure customers won't receive bad products (or rather reduce the chance they will) by withholding defective ones or fixing the process. This can be done through lean manufacturing, Six Sigma, etc. - Forgive me, I'm not up to date on process and manufacturing improvement!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;b&gt;can't&lt;/b&gt; usually be done in software. Software development is far more like design which is more intuitive and unique and less like manufacturing where you are producing the same piece over and over again. Testers have no way to assert control or assure quality. Instead of asserting control all we can do is point out the problems we find and work with developers, technical leads, etc. to fix them. Usually we can't force them to fix all of the problems, just one's deemed high enough by consensus of the team (hopefully). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we can't control quality (we usually don't fix bugs), how do we assure quality? We don't! We never know how many defects are left or how severe they may be. So why use titles that don't convey true meaning? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Testing means we learn and explore the system while applying our knowlege, experiences, judgements to find problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/05/testers-get-out-of-the-quality-assurance-business/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;good link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T12:10:04.797" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T12:10:04.797" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-10-20T18:33:20.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Quality Assurance&quot; is not a real thing. You can't ever assure quality. Users are always going to find bugs that were missed in testing, because they'll try your product in ways you never imagined (huge data sets, weird file types, large scale, legacy hardware, etc.). All you can do is reduce risk by trying to improve test coverage and frequency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastActivityDate="2011-10-20T18:33:20.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-20T20:46:10.467" Score="3" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;right now we only have the Sprint HTC Hero and i feel there is need for a more recent model of android for QA testing our mobile platform so, how do i make the case to management for QA to get a new android for testing the mobile platform?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a non-native mobile app on a REST server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1485" LastEditorUserId="1485" LastEditDate="2011-10-20T21:10:46.327" LastActivityDate="2011-11-03T01:59:31.373" Title="how do i make the case to management for QA to get a new android for testing the mobile platform?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2007" CreationDate="2011-10-20T21:15:03.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way is to look at the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Point out cases where you saw differences between android models that were significant enough to require code changes.  Thus, you have a strong case for suspecting that newer models might hold similar surprises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-10-20T21:15:03.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2004" CreationDate="2011-10-20T22:41:24.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the SOAP endpoints, you might be able to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://ubyfish.com/?p=54&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;what this person did&lt;/a&gt; along with &lt;a href=&quot;http://soapui.org/About-SoapUI/what-is-soapui.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does SOAP/REST/JMS, and may also work for the other kind of endpoints (like the 'talking to each other' reference).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hm. Re-re-reading the question, you also ask about config/launch/monitoring. I didn't really answer that, did I?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that you can get Jenkins to do anything, it might be reasonable to write scripts that Jenkins calls whenever a build is triggered. These scripts would do the deploy/configure/launch and maybe register the new service with whatever monitoring solution you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a totally integrated solution (including running it in a cloud, so that you don't even have to worry about provisioning hardware), you might look at something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.appdynamics.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AppDynamics&lt;/a&gt; (although last I looked at the product, it didn't have a provision for driving tests, just managing/monitoring the environment).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1482" LastEditorUserId="1482" LastEditDate="2011-10-20T22:46:32.690" LastActivityDate="2011-10-20T22:46:32.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1968" CreationDate="2011-10-20T22:54:45.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a really interesting question, but it seems like the place to start is not at &quot;what is TDD?&quot; but more like &quot;how can we not do things that have an overwhelming probability of shooting ourselves in the foot?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might look through a post by &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/fog0000000043.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Joel on Software&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. It's something of a canonical reference for best practices around software development in general. It was written back in Bubble 1.0, but the concepts are still relevant today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1482" LastActivityDate="2011-10-20T22:54:45.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2002" CreationDate="2011-10-21T00:36:25.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll take a stab at an answer.  Some of it I think doesn't belong and some of it I think needs to be split up into a couple of questions:&lt;BR&gt;&#xA;What percentage of my testing should be 1) Exploratory Testing 2) End to End testing 3) Integration Testing.&#xA;The answer to this question, unfortunately depends a lot on the product itself and should be determined during the product planning phase and captured in a test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A completely separate question is - What percentage of my tests should be automated?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The answer to that one is a little bit more straightforward.  If automating a test case will get you better ROI than manual testing, then automate it.  This means if developing the automated test, maintaining that test and executing it will take less time than the total amount of time to run a manual test over a product's life cycle, then it makes sense to automate it.  Other factors that might come into play is confidence in automated vs manual tests.  Humans can make errors, skipping steps, marking tests as passed even if they don't really pass, interpreting instructions incorrectly, etc.  Similarly, automation can have bugs and an automated test that you think is testing one thing could be completely skipping important validations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two pieces that didn't seem to fit for me are the Unit Tests and Exploratory Testing.  Pretty much anything that can have automated Unit Tests should have automated unit tests.  The goal here is 100%, barring any major barriers.  Manual Exploratory Testing is generally what I try to do more of once I have most of the rest of my tests automated.  This is where you find most of your bugs and where you find additional test cases to add to your list to run build over build.  New test cases found through exploratory testing can subsequently be automated.  Regression testing, whether Manual or Automated rarely finds new bugs, it mostly protects against regressions and gives you coverage and confidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T00:36:25.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2002" CreationDate="2011-10-21T01:28:36.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot tell whether you are looking for studies advocating a certain resource mix or just studies describing experiences with a certain resource mix.  Aside from what I would find in a Google search, I do not know of any such studies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one of my previous jobs, there were several very talented developers on the QA staff.  They tended to concentrate on things that were both hard to test manually and unlikely to be tested during development: for example, stress testing.  We did not automate any of our UI testing because it changed so often that we did not believe automation was worth the investment.  Developers sometimes wrote API-level unit tests but often did not.  At that company, I believe our resource mix was closer to the current mix at your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your question, you say you want to shift a majority of your testing resources from manual testing to automated testing.  The right mix for your organization depends on considerations that no one in this forum can measure for you: for example, the skill set in your organization, the interest level in your organization, and the maintenance costs for your automation (something you did not mention in your question). I think you described a reasonable goal, but I advice you to approach it incrementally, beginning with what you judge to be easiest and/or most valuable.  I believe this will improve your chances for success.  It will also give you the opportunity to make mid-course corrections as problems and opportunities arise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T01:28:36.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2007" CreationDate="2011-10-21T03:47:41.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't take this the wrong way, but first make the case to us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say you feel there is need for one; could you elaborate on this feeling? Get into specifics, and put them into your question. After all, if you can't convince a room full of people fired up about QA best practices that you need one, you sure as heck won't be able to convince a manager who has to shell out a couple hundred bucks to do it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T03:47:41.543" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2016" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-21T05:39:30.587" Score="7" ViewCount="1602" Body="&lt;p&gt;Will it be a good practice to have test cases stored along with the source code in a file or within the source code comments itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Few months back, I met a programmer from a big corporation who suggested me that their company stores all the test cases same way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1486" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T08:40:44.647" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T08:40:44.647" Title="Test cases in source code" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-21T10:57:55.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't store written test cases within code comments.  It's too scattered and would make reading both the test cases and the source code itself more difficult.  Additionally, many written test cases use a richer medium (involving pictures, charts, etc) that isn't well expressed within comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as storing your written test cases within your source control system, that sometimes makes sense.  They can easily be versioned along with your code that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But consider who the &lt;strong&gt;readers&lt;/strong&gt; of your test cases will be first.  Do they all have access, licenses, etc to your source control system?  Is this an efficient mechanism for all your readers, or just for programmers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my shop, we store all documents (as well as most other test assets) in SharePoint.  For us, that's the &quot;standard&quot; mechanism used throughout the organization, and is well-suited for &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; the readers of our test documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T10:57:55.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2011-10-21T12:05:12.383" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation is powerful, but not enough for a better product. Manual intervention is still important. However, automation allows test teams to focus on new functionality, non-automated functions, maintenance needs and test data needs, thereby enhancing and ensuring quality. This offers increased customer satisfaction and enhances the customer’s trust in the product as well as the capabilities of the company. [blog]: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ivesia.com/technology/blog/automated-testing-in-software-product-development-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ivesia.com/technology/blog/automated-testing-in-software-product-development-2/&lt;/a&gt; &quot;click here for updates&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1487" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T12:05:12.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-21T12:21:04.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder if the cases were noted that way to be pulled out with a Doc system, like PerlDoc or something, when I was working with a Perl framework some cases were noted that way within the test code.  Although with the actual production code?  Nah, I don't see that since that means you have code bloat to the production system with your cases as comments...unless they are stripped out before compilation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also seen it where the SCCS has a test folder off the main code tree, pretty much most open source projects I have seen do this as well, so the tests are connected but don't need to be checked out and compiled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I like to keep my tests separate, my test frameworks have their own location within the SCCS that way they can be kept up to date and don't rely on production builds to be updated.  It also keeps me in a safer environment so there is no cross-contamination whenever frameworks that support the production code get updated (like .NET 3.5 to 4.0) if my test framework doesn't support it yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T12:21:04.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-21T13:01:55.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One might argue that test cases are more likely to be updated if they are documented in the source code.  However, in my experience, comments are often outdated.  I suspect test cases would be outdated as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a test case is discovered to be outdated (or missing), who will updated it: a developer or a tester?  In my experience, developers are usually uncomfortable with testers making &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; changes to source code, even if only to comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my organization, test cases are maintained in a Wiki.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T13:01:55.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-21T14:33:54.520" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you misunderstood. Test code/comments should not be included in product source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, at some company's test code is managed the same way as product code via source control, and is checked into the same build branches. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T14:33:54.520" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-21T16:02:09.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the maintenance of the test cases.  If the test cases themselves need to be updated and they are in the comments of the source code, modifying the test cases will force a rebuild of the software.  This is a bad practice.  The code should only be rebuilt when the code itself is changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Managing test cases in a separate file is a different story.  Keeping track of test case revisions via source control allows for traceability between test case revisions and software releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T16:02:09.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-21T18:59:52.210" Score="6" ViewCount="62658" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a bug in the chromedriver.exe Chrome driver for Selenium's WebDriver API. You can't use send_keys for certain types of inputs, like for the jQuery plugin &quot;&lt;code&gt;EZPZ Hint&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. It works okay on simple forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now, I'm going to use Firefox and IE instead of Chrome to do my testing, but I'd like to see this issue fixed. Does anyone know of a different workaround that'd allow me to use Chrome instead of switching browsers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/R68e6.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's input&lt;/a&gt; had to use an image because it's generated dynamically and I couldn't copy/paste from Chrome's inspector thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Chrome latest stable (14.0.835.202) and a Python script with a unittest class and nose as the test runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the debugging info:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; Traceback (most recent call last):   File&#xA;&amp;gt; &quot;\\server\QA\Automation\COMMON\product\common.py&quot;, line 35, in setUp&#xA;&amp;gt;     self.web.find_element_by_name(&quot;ezpz_hint_dummy_input&quot;).send_keys(self.user)&#xA;&amp;gt; File&#xA;&amp;gt; &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-2.8.1-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.&#xA;&amp;gt; py&quot;, line 146, in send_keys&#xA;&amp;gt;     self._execute(Command.SEND_KEYS_TO_ELEMENT, {'value': typing})   File&#xA;&amp;gt; &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-2.8.1-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.&#xA;&amp;gt; py&quot;, line 194, in _execute&#xA;&amp;gt;     return self._parent.execute(command, params)   File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-2.8.1-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.p&#xA;&amp;gt; y&quot;, line 144, in execute&#xA;&amp;gt;     self.error_handler.check_response(response)   File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-2.8.1-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandle&#xA;&amp;gt; r.py&quot;, line 118, in check_response&#xA;&amp;gt;     raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace) WebDriverException: Message: 'Message: u\'focusElement execution&#xA;&amp;gt; failed;\\n Failed to send keys beca use cannot focus element\'&#xA;&amp;gt; \n-------------------- &amp;gt;&amp;gt; begin captured logging &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&#xA;&amp;gt; --------------------\ nselenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection: DEBUG: POST http://127.0.0.1:51178/session {&quot;sessionId &quot;: null,&#xA;&amp;gt; &quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;: {&quot;platform&quot;: &quot;ANY&quot;, &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;chrome&quot;,&#xA;&amp;gt; &quot;version&quot;: &quot;&quot;, &quot;javascr iptEnabled&quot;:&#xA;&amp;gt; true}}\nselenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection: DEBUG: POST&#xA;&amp;gt; http://127.0.0.1:51178 /session/c85bcae35e0f07e805ea80c47ed9b75d/url&#xA;&amp;gt; {&quot;url&quot;: &quot;http://10.0.20.61/product&quot;, &quot;sessionId&quot;: &quot;c85bc&#xA;&amp;gt; ae35e0f07e805ea80c47ed9b75d&quot;}\nselenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection:&#xA;&amp;gt; DEBUG: POST http://127.0&#xA;&amp;gt; .0.1:51178/session/c85bcae35e0f07e805ea80c47ed9b75d/element {&quot;using&quot;:&#xA;&amp;gt; &quot;name&quot;, &quot;sessionId&quot;: &quot;c85bcae3 5e0f07e805ea80c47ed9b75d&quot;, &quot;value&quot;:&#xA;&amp;gt; &quot;ezpz_hint_dummy_input&quot;}\nselenium.webdriver.remote.remote_conne&#xA;&amp;gt; ction: DEBUG: POST&#xA;&amp;gt; http://127.0.0.1:51178/session/c85bcae35e0f07e805ea80c47ed9b75d/element/:wdc:1319 220710066/value {&quot;sessionId&quot;: &quot;c85bcae35e0f07e805ea80c47ed9b75d&quot;,&#xA;&amp;gt; &quot;id&quot;: &quot;:wdc:1319220710066&quot;, &quot;value &quot;: [&quot;send keys stuff here,&#xA;&amp;gt; redacted&quot;]}\n--------------------- &amp;gt;&amp;gt; end captured logging &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T08:59:19.193" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T08:59:19.193" Title="WebDriver API: 'Failed to send keys because cannot focus element' -- better workaround than using Firefox instead of Chrome?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-21T19:24:02.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm confused by the question i'm afraid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have automated regression tests (checks) which are very much part of the source code. The checks are run every time a programmer commits code (continuous integration).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the automated checks are not deployed to live - only the app code is wrapped up in a war file &amp;amp; released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, if a Programmer inadvertently changes the logic of the app when coding, an automated check will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I wouldn't have test cases as comments in the code - I can't see the benefit in this. Wouldn't they bloat the code &amp;amp; make it more 'noisy'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel user246 has the right idea with having the test cases in a wiki - this can serve as window on all tests (at all levels) which can be read by programmers &amp;amp; business analysts alike (is this right user246?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T19:24:02.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2011-10-21T19:46:18.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error message clearly sounds like sends_keys fails because for some reason it cannot set the focus to the input control prior to sending the actual keys to control. A possible work-around could be to click on the input first because this could possibly set the focus to the input control. Then calling sends_keys afterwards could succeed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1490" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T19:46:18.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1944" CreationDate="2011-10-21T20:12:24.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't know anything about costs or implementation, but our organisation uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.siteconfidence.com/about-us.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Site Confidence&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It executes automated checks (based on typical user journeys) every couple of minutes &amp;amp; reports back to us. Fast feedback &amp;amp; all that jazz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T20:12:24.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2002" CreationDate="2011-10-21T20:37:58.640" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're asking a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/67&quot;&gt;unicorn question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you've skipped over the point of all that work. It &lt;em&gt;doesn't matter&lt;/em&gt; what proportion of different types of testing you do, it &lt;em&gt;doesn't matter&lt;/em&gt; what your organisation is, and it &lt;em&gt;doesn't matter&lt;/em&gt; what technologies you use, if you don't know &lt;em&gt;what information your stakeholders want to discover from your testing&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's it. That's all that's important. And if you don't start from &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;, you're doomed no matter what you do. You'll probably provide &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; useful information, but it'll be by accident rather than by design. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find out what &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; stakeholders, what &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; product owners, what &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; internal consumers, what &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; developers want to know. What issues are important to &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt;, not me, not Sam, not anyone else on the planet. What information you can provide to them that will cause them to make different decisions about what you are all building.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing does not make anything better in and of itself. It simply provides useful information to people who will make better things, and make things better. If you don't know what kind of issues most concern them, what kind of errors would represent the greatest threat to the value of your product - then you can't choose your mix of types of testing to give you the best chance of finding those kind of issues. There isn't best practice for that, other than: do what works, iterate, keep thinking, keep talking to your stakeholders. None of which have numbers attached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid you're starting from the wrong end. I agree with user246, nobody here can give you those answers. Except you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-10-21T20:37:58.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2002" CreationDate="2011-10-22T05:23:33.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no golden rule to decide the percentage and distribution. It depends on Application, Complexity, Technology, Test process followed in your organization&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This has to be decided based on your current team mix, exposure, experience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From your suggested distribution, Automated Unit Testing &amp;amp; Automated Ingeration Testing takes a good leap. This shows your interest towards automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did you explore, try out free tools to automate your application. More than your organization trying to fund a tool / Automation Resource. I would suggest you to automate regression cases. This will also show the way to highlight management need/benefit invest in automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reducing from 60% manual exploratory testing to  5% is a big goal. I would suggest to evaluate with smaller milestones. Try automating 5-10% every month and target it. Identifying Test cases to be automated / investing time to learn/develop automation is required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can also form a small team of testers interested in developing automation. From your learning's/working as a group. You can work together to start this initiative&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since it is a customer facing ecommerce website, Did you try evaluating Selenium for automating it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2011-10-22T05:32:33.577" LastActivityDate="2011-10-22T05:32:33.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2031" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-22T23:39:48.757" Score="1" ViewCount="2445" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1/what-are-some-tools-for-testing-mobile-web-apps&quot;&gt;What are some tools for testing Mobile web apps?&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to know if there are any good automated testing tools that can be used to test iOS apps. Looking for some pointers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1493" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T22:07:48.030" Title="Automated testing tools for iOS apps" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2011-11-23T03:29:31.810" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2011-10-23T05:29:06.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com/products/xstudio.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Xqual Studio&lt;/a&gt; can be one of the option which suites your requirement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Quality_Center&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP Quality Center&lt;/a&gt; can be other option.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-30T07:31:41.057" LastActivityDate="2012-10-30T07:31:41.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1677" CreationDate="2011-10-23T23:03:36.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO the approach used here seems quite backwards (you built a product then you want to compare against competitor products). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think you can build a better mouse trap, then you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;start by baselining the existing/competitor's mouse trap&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;then identify key areas that are critical to customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and finally design and develop a product the excels in those (and possibly more) areas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-10-23T23:03:36.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-10-24T07:58:25.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me, quality is whatever the customer wants or desires; Through the various and many verification and validation techniques we employ throughout the delivery lifecycle we try to ensure the product being delivered meets those customer wants or desires.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software testing is but a means to an end, it allows us to state that for those bugs/defects that have been observed a resolution has been agreed and delivered. However Software testing cannot answer for the many un-observed bugs/defects that have not been observed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T07:58:25.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2031" CreationDate="2011-10-24T10:33:50.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Fone monkey.&#xA;Or&#xA;www.perfectomobile.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1178" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T10:33:50.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2031" CreationDate="2011-10-24T11:07:05.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;sahi16!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I can reccomend the following one: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.froglogic.com/products/editions.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Froglogic Squish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use it for testing our Qt Win application and it looks great! Will try it for iOS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1502" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T11:07:05.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1998" CreationDate="2011-10-24T13:39:27.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe you asked to test for your privacy, ie. you identity must be protected when browsing. To test what web browser reveals about you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;www.onion-router.net/Tests.html&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;www.maxa-tools.com/cookie-privacy.php&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;www.ultimate-anonymity.com/ready.htm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1030" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T13:39:27.020" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1997" CreationDate="2011-10-24T14:07:20.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just check this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PythonBindings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PythonBindings&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1178" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T14:07:20.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2041" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2055" CreationDate="2011-10-24T14:17:43.493" Score="5" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anybody always follow concepts like, Cyclomatic Complexity, Equivalence Partitioning,&#xA;Boundary Value Analysis in their testing applications ? or Let me know the best way to cover these techniques when testing application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1178" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:54:55.237" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:54:55.237" Title="Using formal methods when you test applications" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2041" CreationDate="2011-10-24T14:29:24.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me, I wouldn't say I formally say &quot;Hey, I'm doing Boundary Value Analysis&quot;.  However, these are techniques that I've learned over the years that I apply in my evaluations almost intuitively.  Yeah, there's probably room for me to more formalize this, but it's more a matter of practical application than formalization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="453" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T14:29:24.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2041" CreationDate="2011-10-24T15:03:24.677" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cyclomatic complexity is one way to assess or measure the complexity of a chunck of code (specifically the number of linearly indpendent paths). Some developers may use this measure to refactor complex code, or testers may use this to identify areas of the code that may be a &quot;target rich environment&quot; that is more likely to have issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, etc. are functional testing techniques and as Tristaan indicates all testers often informally apply the concepts of these techniques during their testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T15:03:24.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2048" CreationDate="2011-10-24T15:08:03.920" Score="7" ViewCount="23403" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to mark a test as failed in the TestNG framework if a certain path is followed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I can use system.exit(1); or something similar to mark an abnormal termination but it doesn't seem to actually mark the test as failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1312" LastActivityDate="2011-10-25T00:02:15.050" Title="TestNG Mark a Test as Failed if a Particular Path is Used" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-24T16:53:21.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Storing testcase along with the source code in a file or within the source code comments itself may work for Unit testing where there is always one to one mapping with code unit. However when the source spans across hundreds of files and millions of lines of code all cases can not be mapped with code block in a single file for system integration testing and subsequent testing phases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its good practice to use some sort of version control system for testcases, but mixing it with source code file itself may be not be a good idea (apart from Unit Test cases).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T16:53:21.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2044" CreationDate="2011-10-24T18:33:33.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can always throw exception -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(&quot;this path is followed&quot;) {&#xA;throw new Exception(&quot;was bound to fail!!!&quot;)&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-10-24T18:33:33.567" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2047" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2049" CreationDate="2011-10-24T19:22:06.170" Score="4" ViewCount="749" Body="&lt;p&gt;It could have been easier if Flash/SilverLight made it possible to trigger file dialog programmatically, but file should still be selected, dialog confirmed, upload initiated... Looks like it has to be automated from outside. What's the usual automation path in such cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1506" LastActivityDate="2011-11-01T17:47:44.247" Title="Any way to automate Flash/SilverLight file upload testing?" Tags="&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2044" CreationDate="2011-10-25T00:02:15.050" Score="11" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.testng.Assert.fail(&quot;you wandered onto the wrong path&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-25T00:02:15.050" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2047" CreationDate="2011-10-25T00:02:39.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Flash and Silverlight are generally difficult to automate because they don't have full MSAA/UIAutomation implementations.  Silverlight has been getting better, but specifically to your question, the file upload dialog is not actually a part of Flash or Silverlight and is MSAA/UIAutomation compliant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use UIAutomation (the new replacement of MSAA) directly, or use any win32 automation framework to interact with that dialog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-10-25T00:02:39.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-25T01:33:53.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;TL;DR answer&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are each of these considered &lt;em&gt;Best practice&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Storing test cases in comments&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;strong&gt;Absolutely not, it makes automated tests far too difficult.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Storing test cases in the same file as the the source code&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;strong&gt;Not really, it's too distracting.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Storing test cases in the same repository as the source code&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;strong&gt;Yes, especially if developers do &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TDD&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Storing test cases in a separate test repository&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;strong&gt;Yes, but only if required by procedure.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Full answer&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, the idea of storing test cases in &lt;em&gt;comments in the code&lt;/em&gt; seems like the worst of all worlds. You can't easily use a testing framework to automate your tests, you have to do some &lt;em&gt;magic&lt;/em&gt; to extract the tests and run them (so you get no help from your IDE when writing them) and your code is bloated with tests which obscures the purpose of the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Storing test cases in the same source file as the production code under test is the simplest option. But without a lot of pre-processor directives or annotations you will end up with your test code bloating your production code unnecessarily, and depending on how you have structured your code, you may end up accidentally exposing internal implementation to users of that code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best option is to storing test cases separately from code and structure your code to support that. This has a number of advantages, as described in other answers, but there are also pitfalls. Luckily there are often ways to get around them, which others do not seem to have discussed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if you want to unit test some private behaviour of a class, depending on the language/environment, you may have three options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put the tests in the class you want to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put the tests in another class/source file &amp;amp; expose the private methods you want to test as public methods (yeuch).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a testing environment that allows you you keep test and production code separate, yet still allow testing code access to private methods of the production code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Eclipse world, 3. can be achieved by using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.modumind.com/2007/06/20/unit-testing-plug-ins-with-fragments/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fragments&lt;/a&gt;. In the C# world, we might use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelhainley.com/index.php/2009/04/13/c-partial-classes-and-nunit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;partial classes&lt;/a&gt;. Other languages/environments often have similar functionality, you just need to find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blindly assuming 1. or 2. are the only options would be likely to result in production software bloated with test code or nasty class interfaces that wash their dirty linen in public. *8')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Version control&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find it difficult to imagine doing anything other than storing test cases as code under revision control, just like production code. You might prefer test code to be in a different repository, possibly even with different access permissions for test programmers and production programmers (if you separate the two), but it just as important to know which version of the tests you are running as it is to know which version of the code is being tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1410" LastEditorUserId="1410" LastEditDate="2011-11-25T11:43:18.640" LastActivityDate="2011-11-25T11:43:18.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2011-10-25T04:57:50.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to suggest you to try with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getzephyr.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test management&lt;/a&gt; tool named Zephyr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1510" LastActivityDate="2011-10-25T04:57:50.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2011-10-25T06:50:52.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can achieve it by using same selenium instance in multiple test. That requires some code design that controls start and stop selenium. We are using &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/about/platforms.html#testing-frameworks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISFW&lt;/a&gt; that provides a way  using java so that's for sure it is possible with some efforts in python as well.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1511" LastActivityDate="2011-10-25T06:50:52.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1822" CreationDate="2011-10-26T03:55:43.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I don't know your AUT that well. I have designed two automation frameworks (one using Selenium, one using Squish) and both followed the same general 3-layered architecture:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom layer: &quot;Support&quot; API for using the underlying mechanism (Selenium/Squish/etc.)&#xA;Domain-specific layer: For using the AUT&#xA;Test layer: Actual tests to drive the AUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found that this approach nicely separates out the concerns in an efficient manner. I can get into more detail if you're interested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2011-10-26T03:55:43.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2041" CreationDate="2011-10-26T06:48:08.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test heuristics sheet is another useful document which provides checklist based on concepts and real-world experience. It took time to figureout the hyperlink to post it for this question. Please check &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&lt;/a&gt;. I found this checklist useful for my reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-10-26T06:48:08.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="868" CreationDate="2011-10-26T10:14:26.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For watir-webdriver there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://watirwebdriver.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://watirwebdriver.com/&lt;/a&gt; site created by Alister Scott.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="552" LastActivityDate="2011-10-26T10:14:26.737" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-10-26T10:14:26.737" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2041" CreationDate="2011-10-26T11:09:03.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I apply such concepts when and if they are appropriate for the situation at hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can say with certainty that I don't &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; follow such concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-10-26T11:09:03.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2058" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-26T21:12:21.350" Score="6" ViewCount="213" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional tests come in all shapes and sizes.  Is there a class of lightweight, simple to use, tools that will discover, run and report on all tests found in a directory?  I'm looking for something like nose, py.test but for arbitrary test programs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Requirements&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;finds and runs any executable file in a directory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pass/fail based on non-zero exit status of script/program&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;results displayed in console&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no database, http server or network access required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;runs on Linux&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;optional configuration using a plain text file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Optional/Nice Extras&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fail if anything is written to stderr&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;output junit xml reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;organize using suites/tags&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;works on Windows/MacOS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;supports debuggers on failure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most test tools seem to focus on management of a test bank and the results.  They must have some kind of runner built in.  I'm looking for a quick way to start running tests without the overhead of learning and configuring a full suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="407" LastActivityDate="2011-10-31T16:15:06.713" Title="Is there a commonly used functional test runner/reporter that is lightweight/simple?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2058" CreationDate="2011-10-26T21:34:53.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google is very useful for finding these kinds of things.  I recommend a Google search for &quot;shell unit test&quot; and &quot;bash unit test&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-10-26T21:34:53.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2060" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-27T02:00:15.703" Score="5" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/jmeter-plugins/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jmeter-plugins&lt;/a&gt; (version &gt;= 0.3.0) can work under JDK 1.5?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;And which version of JMeter is compatible with this version of jmeter-plugins?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1523" LastEditorDisplayName="user4483" LastEditDate="2012-12-04T22:33:54.303" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T22:33:54.303" Title="which version of jmeter-plugins (&gt;=0.3.0) can work under JDK 1.5?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="56" CreationDate="2011-10-27T09:44:12.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated Tests are mostly written and used for existing functionalities or when a new functionality is developed and handed for testing which has been thoroughly tested for many time manually before the actual automation testing starts. I.e Mostly written for regression test suites. Such automated tests can be used by developer during their unit test to ensure new development has not disturbed the existing features/functionalities&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However on the other end, Automation suites will cover testing of the overall feature of Product/Application and it consume  reasonable execution time, which can be accepted for Testing Phase. And so, when it is used by developer it will result in increased completion time in development phase. Hence, I would suggest the developers to use QA written automated test suites for the following situations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. Development of complex feature where resultant development  is suspected to impact core feature of application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ivesia.com/technology/services/software-testing/automation-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QA Automated Test&lt;/a&gt; Suite is available and it contains limited (not very detailed) but yet covering major functional areas covered&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1487" LastActivityDate="2011-10-27T09:44:12.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1824" CreationDate="2011-10-27T09:47:47.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The participation of tester in an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ivesia.com/technology/blog/agile-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;agile environment&lt;/a&gt; starts from requirement and it continues till the Project delivery. And hence, testers involvement doesnot stop with just testing and logging bugs. To be more precise, Testers involvement is required for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. Attending Project Meetings to understand Requirements, Changes - since agile is based on iterative and incremental Process. Constant interaction within team and with Product customer is required&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. Effective communication is required for testers among developers, testers and Product owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c. Should be capable enough of prioritizing tests I.e High and important features needs to be tested and delivered. Then, follows the Medium features and low level features. Needs to be capable enough on identifying the work items for the day&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d. Testers should suggest for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ivesia.com/technology/services/software-testing/automation-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Automation&lt;/a&gt; of Unit &amp;amp; Regression testing, since agile expects more of application changes during pre/post release Build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e. Should Focus more on exploratory testing and practice Pair Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;f. should provide continuous feedback about the application progression to entire Team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1487" LastActivityDate="2011-10-27T09:47:47.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2058" CreationDate="2011-10-27T09:50:14.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can't find an existing tool to do what you want then you could write your own. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A script to find and run all the executable files in a directory and display the output status ought to be pretty simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2011-10-27T09:50:14.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1975" CreationDate="2011-10-27T15:32:53.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the solution that I came up with using and example from &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.borland.com/attachments/kb/9/4/32249/BirtReports.doc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BirtReports.doc&lt;/a&gt; from the Borland site:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In SCTM, I edited the SQL query from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WHERE TPN.PROJECTID_FK = ${$PROJECTID}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WHERE TPN.PROJECTID_FK = ${currentProject|34|ProjectId}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This creates a parameter named &lt;strong&gt;currentProject&lt;/strong&gt; which passes the value 34 to the BIRT report under the parameter name &lt;strong&gt;rp_currentProject&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then edited the BIRT report's projectID parameter to have the following values: &lt;strong&gt;Name=rp_currentProject&lt;/strong&gt;, DataType=Integer, DisplayType=TextBox, &lt;strong&gt;DefaultValue = Empty/Null&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the DataSet for the report, I edited the ? parameter to be:&#xA;Name=param_1, DataType=Integer, Direction=Input, DefaultValue=GreyedOut/Disabled, &lt;strong&gt;LinkedToReportParameter=rp_currentProject&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I upload the same report template to multiple projects and under the Report &gt; Parameters Tab in SCTM I change the value of the currentProject parameter to the correct project ID.  This ID is passed to the Report and the correct information is displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, I also tried this format but I was getting conflicting type errors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WHERE TPN.PROJECTID_FK = ${currentProject|${$PROJECTID}|ProjectId}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried using DECLARE/SET in the SQL to set the passed value to a variable, but I was getting an error stating that the SQL statement is invalid because it is no longer read-only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps anyone that has this same problem!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastActivityDate="2011-10-27T15:32:53.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2007" CreationDate="2011-10-27T18:35:20.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've got a few options here. I'll start with the &quot;big bang&quot; from my perspective and work down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you or one of your team owns a recent model android, test your mobile platform with it (preferably off-hours, unless management doesn't object to this), and record any problems you encounter in your normal issue tracking setup. Then repeat those tests on your official environment. The moment you find a problem with the new android system that doesn't exist on the official platform, you have your argument - although making it tactfully helps. Demonstrating the problem and that it doesn't exist on the official environment is one of the most powerful ways to show that you need the newer platform as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another method involves a little research: finding out approximately what the most-used mobile environments are (I suspect exact numbers are a bit hard to find), and where your official environment fits into this. If you have the mobile equivalent of testing your platform in Netscape when the vast majority of users are running IE 7 or better (example pulled from a hat and may not be accurate), you have a problem which could potentially cost large amounts of time - and therefore money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you're looking at convincing management that buying this device will be cheaper than fixing problems caused by not having access to the most recent hardware. The closer you can get to &quot;X problems caught in-house will cover the cost of the purchase&quot;, the more likely you'll succeed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, as glowcoder says, convince us you need it as an exercise in getting everything you need to deal with lined up and nailed down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-10-27T18:35:20.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1998" CreationDate="2011-10-27T19:25:29.327" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing to be mindful of when it comes to privacy is the simple fact that you are dealing with specific legal constraints upon what is and is not allowed. Therefore unless you have dealt with regulatory issues before, you are going to need somewhat of a different mental model for deriving requirements and testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your location, the type of application (web or desktop), does the app require / transmit personal data, where the servers are and many other factors; will determine which, if any, laws you need to become familiar with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the following scenario, a web based app that is created by developers in country X with users around the world, and hosted by a third party cloud provider, whose physical server location may change on the fly. Which jurisdictions laws do you need to worry about? Probably all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fundamentally therefore privacy considerations need to be baked into the architecture and design from day one. There are far too many ways for personally identifiable information to leak otherwise. It is also not possible to secure this data in isolation, there needs to be an understanding of the risks from top to bottom of the organization (large or small) on who may get access to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Privacy testing is really a combination of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Store only as little information as needed. You can't leak what you don't know.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compliance with relevant regulations for what information you do store&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prevention of unintentional leaks e.g. security testing for info leaks, SQL injection etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Methods to identify intentional leaking. Monitor for unusual data movement patterns, back doors...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recovery procedures in the case of a data leak. This is technically covered by item 2 but worth reiterating. There are, depending on jurisdiction, legal obligations regarding notification of data loss.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="758" LastActivityDate="2011-10-27T19:25:29.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2068" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2073" CreationDate="2011-10-27T19:33:54.573" Score="11" ViewCount="1845" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never needed to work with commercial load running tools before, as our test infrastructure is pretty immature here and I've used internal tools in the past.  We're working on a .NET technology stack using Visual Studio TFS as our main development environment / source control, and will be needing to do load testing in the near future.  We'll be load-testing the system at a number of levels - DB, client applications (e.g., what happens when X many instances of the client application hit the back-end API at once?), and so on with browser-load testing on a web application as one of the lower priority forms of load testing.  I see two clear options (but am open to others):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Purchase a tool like LoadRunner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expand the infrastructure I've built for testing to run load-testing user simulations on multiple machines at once using AWS for the machines and the simulated users (our IT department is overworked, under-funded, and bad at communication; they can't be expected to provide good support or hardware for VMs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the pros and cons of buying a load-testing tool vs. developing your own for load testing?  What are pitfalls I should watch for if developing my own tools?  Also, what commercial options for general load testing are there besides LoadRunner, and what price ranges am I looking at?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2021-03-25T16:01:37.460" Title="Load testing tools vs. making your own" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2068" CreationDate="2011-10-27T20:38:45.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learning curve for Load Runner, it's quite steep from my limited exposure to it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since you already use TFS have a look at the VS2010 Load Test capability. It may do all you need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How hard would it be to extract the necessary load / performance metrics from your existing test solution. I have seen this be the downfall of an otherwise technically excellent custom load testing solution. It was solved but created a lot of extra work and stress.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintenance moving forward. How much change is there on each release, how frequent are the releases and how long would it take to upgrade test scripts to match the new release.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Current and future cost. Don't ignore the maintenance costs of either solution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="758" LastActivityDate="2011-10-27T20:38:45.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2070" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-10-27T23:58:06.053" Score="4" ViewCount="1751" Body="&lt;p&gt;Surely someone else has run into this problem. I'm trying to figure out how to loop through Firefox, Chrome, and IE in conjunction with &lt;a href=&quot;https://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nose&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;setup.cfg&quot; file that specifies browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a &quot;common.py&quot; that reads from the config file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;my actual &quot;test.py&quot; files that imports &quot;common.py&quot; and can reference global variables in it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main trouble seems to be how to pass in the browser/driver into the setUp methods of the unittest.TestCase class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One possible solution is to sub-class, and have a class for each browser. In that case I'm duplicating my test code three times, though, which is ugly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility is to &lt;a href=&quot;http://ivory.idyll.org/articles/nose-intro.html#running-nose-programmatically&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;run nose in code&lt;/a&gt;. But I'm unsure how I would read the arguments from it inside my files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T09:16:38.037" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T16:51:51.387" Title="Getting nose test runner to execute a test against multiple browsers / configurations?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2068" CreationDate="2011-10-28T01:46:19.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team is currently experimenting with VS2010 Load Test.  So far, it seems great, but still have to try some more advanced scenario's with it.  Our department recently had Load Runner dropped on us with little training.  Saying that the learning curve is steep is an understatement.  Also, you'd want to find some of your testers and/or dev's that have experience outside of .NET.  From what we've seen, if you want to create/modify scripts yourself, it appears to need to be done in Java or C (Not all that great for our .NET shop).  The licensing can also be a killer with the different types of licenses required for each protocol that tests are run in.  Currently, we're experiencing a lot of difficulty getting it to interact properly with a few of our web services.  Although Load Runner seems to be considered the standard, I personally think that the people using it should be specialized in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that you will experience with any performance testing tool, it requires a lot of maintenance.  Just think of the maintenance that you currently do with your test automation, and then have to do it again. It's just as fragile as any other test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other options:&#xA;Visual Studio 2010 Load Test:  Can be run from Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate.  On a client machine, can do up to 250 concurrent users (although I would never trust 1 machine to do this).  If combined with MSDN license, appears to work well with using your own machine as the controller and other physical or virtual machines as agents to run the tests.  Gives a decent but not great mix of browser and connection types.  At the moment, only agents can only be Windows OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter:  Open sourse.  Some people swear by this solution.  I've had less than limited success with it.  After about 20 concurrent users on the same machine, I've noticed results being skewed.  I've done tests where I ran small scripts immediately after someone else with machines with the exact same spec's and seen a 50% difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's numerous other ones including open source.  A lot of it will depend on what you actually require.  It might be worth having your team and stakeholders sit down and decide what kind of metrics you'd each like to extrapolate from the tests.  Then, you could start narrowing down what technology is going to work best for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm by no means an expert on this subject, just my 2 cents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-10-28T01:46:19.537" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2016" CreationDate="2011-10-28T05:45:09.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is common practice in Python for modules and makes good sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you choose to run the module by itself then it runs its own test cases providing example of its own API as well as verification that it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For larger codebases these do become pure examples however rather than a full test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1177" LastActivityDate="2011-10-28T05:45:09.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2068" CreationDate="2011-10-28T07:07:54.880" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my Experience I would Say Yes to VSTS Test Edition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I used VSTS, Continuously ran load tests for 4 Hours, Simulated Maximum of 60 requests / sec with 4 Test machines, OLTP Application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Service / Biztalk / SQL Server / Replication / Service Broker based architecture&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VSTS Tests - Easily bind data to tests. This is pretty straight forward ( &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/slumley/custom-data-binding-in-web-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/slumley/custom-data-binding-in-web-tests&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learning Curve is easy (VSTS Book &lt;a href=&quot;http://vsptqrg.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://vsptqrg.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;, Videos - &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/jmeier/performance-testing-videos-posted-to-codeplex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/jmeier/performance-testing-videos-posted-to-codeplex&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We were able to simulate required load, measure performance, Latency issues in Queries, Replication, Web Service Response. VSTS has improved a lot in terms of features, support. Please take time to try it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2021-03-25T16:01:37.460" LastActivityDate="2021-03-25T16:01:37.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2074" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2077" CreationDate="2011-10-29T00:45:19.127" Score="3" ViewCount="2951" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a list of twelve properties and want to test various combinations. The actual test function is the same, just different parameters. I find myself writing a bunch of functions that look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_paramA(self): self.with_params(&quot;A&quot;)&#xA;def test_paramA_B(self): self.with_params(&quot;A+B&quot;)&#xA;def test_paramA_C(self): self.with_params(&quot;A+C&quot;)&#xA;def test_paramB_C(self): self.with_params(&quot;B+C&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to instead write this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;combinations = [&quot;A&quot;, &quot;A+B&quot;, &quot;A+C&quot;, &quot;B+C&quot;]&#xA;combinationSuite = (make_test_function(c) for c in combinations)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to make my test driver (nosetests) run all the tests in combinationSuite? Do I need a custom test collector?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="59" LastActivityDate="2011-10-29T02:36:06.890" Title="How can I test a table of options with python unittest and nosetests?" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1997" CreationDate="2011-10-29T01:01:35.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;driver = webdriver.Ie()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see comment above about &quot;Protected Mode&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="59" LastActivityDate="2011-10-29T01:01:35.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1941" CreationDate="2011-10-29T01:07:46.453" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're actually creating a second Selenium session in your tearDown() function. You need to put the session created in setUp() into an instance variable, then close that session in tearDown().&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class TestFoo(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    def setUp(self):&#xA;        self.selenium = selenium('localhost', 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, 'http://blackpearl/')&#xA;        self.selenium.start()&#xA;&#xA;    def tearDown(self):&#xA;        self.selenium.stop()&#xA;&#xA;    def test_bar(self):&#xA;        self.selenium.open(&quot;/somepage&quot;)&#xA;        #and so forth&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="59" LastActivityDate="2011-10-29T01:07:46.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2074" CreationDate="2011-10-29T02:36:06.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nose supports parametric/generative tests, &lt;a href=&quot;http://readthedocs.org/docs/nose/en/latest/writing_tests.html#test-generators&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://readthedocs.org/docs/nose/en/latest/writing_tests.html#test-generators&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def checker(combination):&#xA;    # do something to verify the combination &#xA;    assert 'A' in combination&#xA;&#xA;def test_generator():&#xA;    options = ['A', 'B', 'C']&#xA;    for o in options:&#xA;        yield checker, o&#xA;&#xA;    for p in itertools.permutations(options, 2):&#xA;        yield checker, p&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9 tests are created by nose and results in 4 failures, which would be expected.  Also, beware that generative tests do &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; work with unittest.TestCase subclasses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="407" LastActivityDate="2011-10-29T02:36:06.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2079" CreationDate="2011-10-29T04:37:17.890" Score="3" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using set up method to launch site but it has made made it difficult for me to maintain tests, especially now when there are multiple URLs for application -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setUP() {&#xA;  WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;  driver.get(&quot;appURL&quot;)&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem I face is that the application has two URLs for two different roles - Admin and normal User.&#xA;Depending on the kind of URL I would do -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setUP() {&#xA;          WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;if(appURL.contains(&quot;admin&quot;) {&#xA;          driver.get(&quot;adminappURL&quot;) &#xA;} else {&#xA;driver.get(&quot;userURL&quot;)&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;URL is externalized to an xml file and tests are grouped in small set of  tags depending on role, but there is overlapping at times. Hence There are instances when I need to log in to both admin and user facing site from one test.  In this case I end up in launching adminURL first and then user facing URL to begin with test operations. Here launch of admin URL at first instance is unnecessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am willing to know what others follow with their test automation. URL invocation in set up method or in individual tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2011-11-01T15:58:16.827" Title="Is opening site during set up a bad practice?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2078" CreationDate="2011-10-29T13:20:17.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The setUp method is just a place to put code that needs to run before every test.  It sounds to me as if you feel compelled to use it but do not believe it meets your needs.  Judging from your description, driver.get(URL) belongs in the individual tests, not in the setUp method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you could structure your tests as two suites: one with a setUp that launches the user URL, and one that launches the admin URL.  That seems like the wrong organizing principle, but perhaps there are additional, role-dependent initialization steps that you did not mention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-10-29T17:56:41.397" LastActivityDate="2011-10-29T17:56:41.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2068" CreationDate="2011-10-29T15:37:07.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about giving SOASTA CloudTest Lite a try? It's free, comes with real time analytics and when you're ready for scale, you can run your test from the SOASTA Global Cloud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look, maybe this is what you need: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soasta.com/cloudtest/lite/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.soasta.com/cloudtest/lite/&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;Here are a bunch of video tutorials as well: &lt;a href=&quot;http://cloudlink.soasta.com/t5/Training-Videos/bg-p/TrainingVideos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cloudlink.soasta.com/t5/Training-Videos/bg-p/TrainingVideos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fred &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1535" LastActivityDate="2011-10-29T15:37:07.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1955" CreationDate="2011-10-30T20:04:00.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The selected tests in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;matching **\test.dll using setting from [where the WatiN tests are&#xA;  stored in Source Control]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are going to be executed with MSTest, which is not compatible with watin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try to change the build template TFS uses to call your watin runtime instead of MSTest, but you'll have to create code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1536" LastActivityDate="2011-10-30T20:04:00.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2078" CreationDate="2011-10-31T12:34:44.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally I don't do this, although sometimes I have found it necessary when trying to maintain tests to be consistent and to get the most out of them.  When doing BDD sometimes my Setup will start at a specific URL for a role, generally I do this with a tag and try to start up my scenarios with specific settings from XML and pulled in depending on a tag.  In some ways this makes things easier since I can run multiple tests by starting the test runner with a tag and get the values, scenarios I need.  It makes some tests simpler since I can fit more actions into the rest of the test steps (I'm using SpecFlow).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past when I had my tests shorter and more targeted, I did this work within the test steps and used the Setup to get my environment in order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me it comes down to what works better with the Framework and tests I am using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-10-31T12:34:44.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2058" CreationDate="2011-10-31T16:15:06.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience its better to develop inhouse customized tool which is suitable for the current need. Its difficult (read not possible) to have generalized, jack-of-all tool and still it be lightweight. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2011-10-31T16:15:06.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2088" CreationDate="2011-11-01T01:19:47.763" Score="6" ViewCount="20979" Body="&lt;p&gt;See attached image. The element is visible to me as a user, but I keep getting the ElementNotVisibleException error. It seems to locate the element via multiple methods, but the .click() fails. Is it just something dumb like checkboxes use a different method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem = self.web.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;input[name='tos_agree']&quot;)&#xA;elem.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5N0wl.png&quot; alt=&quot;can&amp;#39;t click the checkbox&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastActivityDate="2011-11-08T19:29:11.187" Title="Can't click this checkbox using WebDriver / Selenium -- ElementNotVisibleException" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2085" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-01T07:18:25.117" Score="3" ViewCount="1605" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to add the webdrivers of C# in VS 2005, I was tried the same but the &quot;OpenQA&quot; not found error is shown, &#xA;Is there is any version problem?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1542" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-11-01T13:44:55.400" LastActivityDate="2011-11-01T15:02:51.033" Title="Web Driver (Selinium Version)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2084" CreationDate="2011-11-01T09:44:58.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having a similar problem, however with a button that starts off being hidden, then I use a piece of javascript to unhide it when one of the other buttons is clicked - it definitely has something to do with the javascript, is it possible that selenium builds a list of visible elements when the page loads and then doesn't refresh that list when changes are made on the page, only when it navigates to a new page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1543" LastActivityDate="2011-11-01T09:44:58.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2085" CreationDate="2011-11-01T15:02:51.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest getting the latest Selenium2(webdriver) release from &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are the dll's needed to use webdriver in a solution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add these from the package as a reference in your solution explorer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;webdriver.dll&#xA;Castle.Core.dll,&#xA;Ionic.Zip.dll,&#xA;Newtonsoft.Json.Net35.dll,&#xA;Selenium.WebDriverBackedSelenium.dll,&#xA;ThoughtWorks.Selenium.Core.dll,&#xA;WebDriver.Support.dll,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then use these using statements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1545" LastActivityDate="2011-11-01T15:02:51.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2084" CreationDate="2011-11-01T15:55:08.217" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;We sometimes have problems like this. I have found the easiest way to solve this is to use a wait function. I imagine that when the page is loaded the button is hidden and there is javascript to make it visible. Often times the driver will run faster than the javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem = self.web.find_element_by_id('tos_agree')&#xA;driver = self.web &#xA;elem_visible = WebDriverWait(self.web, 2).until(lambda driver : \ elem.is_displayed()) &#xA;elem.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to be the most clean solution using WebDrivers tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastEditorUserId="91" LastEditDate="2011-11-02T13:00:27.317" LastActivityDate="2011-11-02T13:00:27.317" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2078" CreationDate="2011-11-01T15:58:16.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We actually build the driver in our test client, but leave it to the test to call the get method to open the page. The only time we ever call the get method in set up is if we are going to be doing a lot of things that need to be repeated in several tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-11-01T15:58:16.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1953" CreationDate="2011-11-01T16:09:20.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/winhamwr/ci-infrastructure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ci-infrastructure&lt;/a&gt; is what you are looking for. &quot;Getting a fresh Jenkins server set up is kind of a pain and because of that, fewer projects have one than should. This project is designed to make it easy for people to fork and get set up with their very-own Jenkins server in the cloud because CI is awesome. &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="91" LastActivityDate="2011-11-01T16:09:20.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2047" CreationDate="2011-11-01T17:47:44.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Telerik provides their own Silverlight Test Automation Tool. They predominantly work on .NET platform. You can check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Microsoft Silverlight Test Automation ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/products/silverlight-testing.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/products/silverlight-testing.aspx&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Telerik product products / addresses features not supported in VSTS Test version. They were the first to offer silverlight support even before VSTS provided support for silverlight. More details on feature comparision please check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/products/test-studio-vs-visual-studio-2010-comparison.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/products/test-studio-vs-visual-studio-2010-comparison.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Third option is 'Free Testing Framework' provided by Telerik ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/free-testing-framework.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/free-testing-framework.aspx&lt;/a&gt;) . Please check if this helps. Please share your learning's / feedback if you try evaluating telerik products&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2011-11-01T17:47:44.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1906" CreationDate="2011-11-02T18:18:16.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are times I want to do that and have in the past, my clean/start data was set to copy over when I needed it and I had my Gold Standard to compare against.  I could run this each time and be able to check where the system went wrong by checking against my Gold.  However, things have changed.  With Customer environments in flux, quick develop and release cycles and a need to pull down production data through which we troubleshoot issues and check new functionality against existing data has caused me issues.  So there is what I WANT to do, and what I HAVE to do with the contraints I am in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that I have made certain allowances for the environment, and while not always for the better they serve us well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have a few standard accounts that exist so we can check new functionality against existing accounts and permission sets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With each data refresh there is a process of &quot;cleaning the system&quot; to prevent accidents such as emails going out to members of the site, in addition there is a &quot;system prep&quot; set of steps that happen where we Register specific Users to check various settings, attributes of Users through the registration system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Registration is manual because we use Captcha, I have an open request to bypass this in Test as it did not always work and earlier I did load testing by running a registration script - now all I check for is that specific fields are good&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Because of the nature of our site, we have live data getting added every week, and the reliance on backend functionality to handle this data we refresh every few months.  It's tough work because it then means a day or two of bringing the data down and then cleaning/prepping for use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I want to be working like this?  Not really, but I understand the business constraints and they drive what I have to do.  I set up my tests as stories to know what data I need for an account and then adjust it to be new so I can run my test.  There are a suite of tests I have that tell me that the site is working, and data is moving properly and those tests never change, if they fail then I figure out what.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess I am a dirty tester but it works for me and our product because of the business requirements and I need to satisfy those in test and in prod so I have to be able to check them in both locations.  Not fun, but I've adjusted and I've adjusted my test expectations accordingly to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-11-02T18:18:16.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2007" CreationDate="2011-11-02T20:29:30.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try showing them this chart:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://media.theunderstatement.com/016a_android_orphans.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://media.theunderstatement.com/016a_android_orphans.png&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...which was taken from this page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://theunderstatement.com/post/11982112928/android-orphans-visualizing-a-sad-history-of-support&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://theunderstatement.com/post/11982112928/android-orphans-visualizing-a-sad-history-of-support&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, the Android platform is horribly fragmented, so applications have a disturbingly high chance of working great one one phone yet failing on another.  Just look at all of the complaints on the Android Market from people who could not get a popular application to work properly on their particular phone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until someone fixes the situation (perhaps by creating a set of accurate virtual machines for each major model of mobile device), developers will have to test their software on multiple devices.  Otherwise you'll get stuck with the cost of bug reports, a subset of dissatisfied customers, and 1-star ratings in the Market from people who couldn't get your software to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, mobile-app developers need multiple test devices, because it saves money.  It's almost always much, much cheaper to catch &amp;amp; fix bugs before they go out the door to customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1548" LastActivityDate="2011-11-02T20:29:30.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2007" CreationDate="2011-11-03T01:59:31.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;willdye points out valid reasons why testing on the Android can be both cost and labor intensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, due to the diversity of h/w and platform software and the complaints of customers there is reasonable justification to test on more than one Android device and platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you company/manager is probably looking at this from a business expense perspective. Buying hardware is not cheap, and mobile devices depreciate quickly. So, for app development shops it is rarely cost effective to continually buy new Android devices (or other mobile devices) for testing only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you are still left with the burden of testing your app on multiple Android devices. So you can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a crowd-sourcing service such as uTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find a test vendor company that specializes in mobile phone testing (and has invested in multiple devices/platforms)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Free sourcing (seek out willing participants on various social networks (twitter, Facebook, etc) who are willing to provide feedback&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test on emulators and limited set of devices available and hope for the best&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-11-03T01:59:31.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2095" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-03T10:02:19.603" Score="13" ViewCount="9935" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my company we have our tests specified in Gherkin (Cucumber), and we use Jenkins to schedule the execution of these tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have the need of a management tool, where we can associate the tests to the requirements and have the reports. Are there some tools that read the Cucumber feature files?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1553" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-03T21:21:30.513" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T12:23:09.553" Title="What test management tool to manage Cucumber tests?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2096" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-03T12:15:50.297" Score="2" ViewCount="378" Body="&lt;p&gt;If regularly testing the creation of different datawarehouse tables using mappings from source tables. What do you suggest is the best approach or specific SQLs to do the trick?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1378" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T16:07:49.703" Title="Testing database transformation mappings" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;&lt;data-warehouse-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2096" CreationDate="2011-11-03T14:11:50.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;[Disclaimer: This product is created by my company]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a product call &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rttsweb.com/services/products/querysurge/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QuerySurge&lt;/a&gt; that allows you to fully compare data in the source tables with the data loaded into the data warehouse.  Compared to other approaches, this seems to be the best automated method for validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="301" LastActivityDate="2011-11-03T14:11:50.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2098" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2121" CreationDate="2011-11-03T14:22:16.323" Score="2" ViewCount="4413" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried running the following code to start running Selenium WebDriver on Java, using the following code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.*;&#xA;public class Runner &#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) &#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver;&#xA;        driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.co.in&quot;);&#xA;        try&#xA;        {/// Exception thrown on initElements&#xA;&#xA;            GoogleSearchPage page1 = PageFactory.initElements(driver, GoogleSearchPage.class);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            page1.SearchFor(&quot;hu ha 123&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch(Exception excp)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(excp.toString());&#xA;        }&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class GoogleSearchPage&#xA;{&#xA;    @FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = &quot;q&quot;)&#xA;    public WebElement searchbox;&#xA;&#xA;    public void SearchFor(String Text)&#xA;    {&#xA;        searchbox.sendKeys(Text);&#xA;        searchbox.submit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the exception &#xA;java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.IllegalAccessException: Class org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory can not access a member of class moronicpackage.GoogleSearchPage with modifiers &quot;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="736" LastEditorUserId="736" LastEditDate="2013-03-19T07:47:45.137" LastActivityDate="2019-06-28T14:09:13.390" Title="Unable to get Selenium Web Driver running with Java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2098" CreationDate="2011-11-03T15:00:14.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try making your GoogleSearchPage class public.  Instead of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class GoogleSearchPage&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class GoogleSearchPage&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-11-03T15:00:14.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1900" CreationDate="2011-11-04T11:09:41.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is something that I've completed several times within my testing career; and something that I've done with my current employer; In fact, I'm preparing to put together our 2nd 2-year roadmap for Testing Services (name of the team).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd be more than happy to bounce ideas around with you if you want?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:25:16.280" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:25:16.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="966" CreationDate="2011-11-04T14:48:36.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using SpecFlow, C#, NUnit and WebDriver to handle much of this.  I write all of my tests within Visual Studio and use PowerShell to check source out, compile and start the tests to check my site and services.  This gives it a nice framework feel, and once the updated Build System is complete I can add my tests into the build system, my PowerShell commands are written as functions so it will be easier to run the tests.  I used Fitnesse before and had some success with it, but had problems migrating the tests across servers, even using REST I had issues and a lot of scripts that I really didn't need for what I was doing.  SpecFlow and NUnit gave me the ability to reuse more of my scripts than Fitnesse did, mostly for being able to direct my tests to different machines which I found difficult to do in Fitnesse and easy to do in SpecFlow and NUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2011-11-04T14:48:36.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2247" CreationDate="2011-11-04T18:55:18.427" Score="7" ViewCount="2036" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a test management tool (mainly for manual testing) that would allow me to associate tests to multiple projects.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are a consulting firm that has many clients with different configurations, and create products for both specific clients, and products that should work with any of our clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a system that will allow me to create tests that I can associate with specific clients and specific products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things like &quot;Always test 'X'&quot; if you are testing this client regardless of the product we are pushing out the door.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Always test 'Y' when testing this product&quot; regardless of the client we are testing with at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally things like do this test only when deploying to client &quot;X&quot; product &quot;Y&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of these tests would be manual, but I am looking for a way of having our testers go in and say, I am deploying product X to customer Y what do I test?  And get back a list of tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything like that out there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1394" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T05:23:16.723" Title="Is there a test management tool that I can associate tests with multiple projects?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="17" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-11-04T19:18:39.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know which specific tools meet that criteria, but perhaps a simple way to search for the tool you are looking for would be to find any test management tool that supports categories for it's test cases.  I know that the home baked solution I used previously would allow me to add any number of categories to a test case and then I could query and filter on those categories.  It sounds like this would give you what you are asking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-11-04T19:18:39.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-11-05T14:46:20.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You Can purchase the licence of Mercury Quality Center or Test Director for Test Management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1563" LastActivityDate="2011-11-05T14:46:20.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-05T18:18:55.330" Score="9" ViewCount="1097" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am an Android developer but I am not satisfied with my testing and Continuous Integration environment and configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone could recommend me how to configure the best setup and workflow for a good CI in Android?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Automation build tool&lt;/b&gt;: Maven, Ant, Graddle...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Testing tools and libraries&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Testing configuration&lt;/b&gt;: Where to put unit tests, integration tests...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Test coverage&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Continuous Integration server&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other QA tools and their configuration&lt;/b&gt;: FindBugs, PMD...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;General workflow&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any recommendation, suggestion or example of Android application using CI is really appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&#xA;Because people asked for it, here I will explain how is my current environment and which things don't totally convince me. In any case, if you think that something totally different from that is better, don't hesitate to say so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Automation build tool&lt;/b&gt;: I use both &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/maven-android-plugin/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt; and Ant. My first idea was using only Maven (I like how clean and structured it makes your projects), but seeing that Ant is the automation build tool used by the Android team and that I could not achieve some things with Maven, I also added Ant. &#xA;More on that later.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Archetypes&lt;/b&gt;: I used the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/akquinet/android-archetypes/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maven Android Archetype&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;android-release-archetype&lt;/i&gt; to create my project, and modify the result to include the Android Library Project I am developing. So, I have a Maven parent project with three submodules: Android Library Project, Android standard application and Android Test Project (instrumenting the Android application).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Testing tools and libraries&lt;/b&gt;: Standard JUnit, Android Instrumentation, Robolectric and Robotium.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Testing configuration&lt;/b&gt;: I have the tests made with Instrumentation and Robotium in my Android Test Project and the JUnit and Robolectric tests in the same project I am testing the code. The reason for that is that I could not get Robolectric to test code in another project, but I would prefer to have all tests in the Android Test Project (I don't know if that is a good idea, but it seems to me). Also, I still don't know (I haven't had the time to look for it) how to tell Maven or Ant to execute a subset of the tests.&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Test coverage&lt;/b&gt;: I have not been able to generate a test coverage report with Maven and that is the reason I finally also added Ant (you can get test coverage with Ant following the next instructions: &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Building+an+Android+app+and+test+project&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Building an Android app and test project&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Continuous Integration server&lt;/b&gt;: Jenkins and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Android+Emulator+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Android Emulator Plugin&lt;/a&gt; (although I think it has some issues with last versions of the SDK).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other QA tools and their configuration&lt;/b&gt;: I have not looked at it yet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;General workflow&lt;/b&gt;: Jenkins polls for changes in the project every 5 minutes and builds everything if it finds any. Also, I have nightly builds no matter what. Regarding my development workflow, I just run all the tests from time to time during the day and always before committing. I don't find that ideal because the tests in the device (Instrumenation and Robotium) take a long time, so I would prefer instead to run only the deviceless tests while developing, and all of them before committing.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All suggestions and improvements are welcomed!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1565" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-01-05T19:27:54.650" LastActivityDate="2012-02-23T13:41:17.367" Title="Continuous Integration and testing environment and configuration for Android" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-11-07T07:37:33.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think a simple Google search can give you tons of tools which might help, but you need not to look at them before your goals and requirements are clear. What I believe you're really asking is 'how-to' instead of a list of tools. So I'll try answering that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there any simple tools/services that we can use to get this&#xA;  information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started out with the same questions and concluded this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No, there is no shortcut.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because in order to conclude from your performance tests - you'll need to determine the most important metrics for your business. Our company being in web apps has these key metrics or KPIs (Key performance indicators):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page Load Time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No. of queries ran at every call&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Slowest Query&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Memory Usage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you determine these metrics, you should analyze and address bottlenecks found during performance tests, and then proceed to load testing or concurrency. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I'm not saying tools aren't helpful but they just make the job easier - infrastructure and rules has to be laid down first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2011-11-07T07:37:33.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-11-07T07:51:38.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to take a look at tool at our test case management tool, its called &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcollab.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Collab&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a unique feature which basically allows you to link Test Suites across multiple projects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can describe this feature best by our own example. Our development involves a reusable layer which is used across all our projects, so there are some test cases/suites which are repeated across multiple projects, say 'Verify CSS/JS Compression', now to avoid writing same case across all child projects everytime, we just link its parent test suite to the child project. And child project always shows up that test suite listed inside it. Here's a little screenshot to make it more clear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uFG0H.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;linking test suites&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe its not exactly as per your requirements, but I think it'll solve the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2011-11-07T07:51:38.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-11-08T09:50:58.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is possible to do if you have TFS2010 and the Microsoft Test Lab Manager. So long as all your team projects are held within a single collection, you can create a test suite by querying any Test Case work items, regardless of which team project they were created under.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may have to do some tweaking to the work items and put some thought into how you set TFS up, but it should be possible to do what you have asked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1574" LastActivityDate="2011-11-08T09:50:58.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-11-08T17:29:12.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've recently launched a new testing tool, &lt;a href=&quot;http://ontestpad.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testpad&lt;/a&gt;, that might help in this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testpad uses a structered-checklist approach to&#xA;organise tests, including being able to draft and save checklists (scripts) as templates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use its templates in two ways as a solution to your problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) define one big template with various sections for different sets of tests (some generic, some specific to different products, some specific to different client/product combinations); and then have testers instantiate (i.e. start a script by copying) this template and deleting all the sections that don't apply (very easy in Testpad), OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) define a family of templates, with a template for each of the various sets of tests you've got; and then have testers run the relevant subset of templates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither option is exactly assigning test case to multiple projects, as it's instead copying cases out of a template, but depending on your process, might nevertheless fit the bill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1575" LastActivityDate="2011-11-08T17:29:12.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2011-11-08T18:25:57.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I'm a happy Selenium user these days. I don't see any reason you couldn't use Selenium to do load testing, although you would need to invent data-collection and summary mechanisms. Still, it would probably be worth it, because Selenium would be useful for all sorts of automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2011-11-08T18:25:57.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2084" CreationDate="2011-11-08T19:29:11.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a bit unorthodox, but you could inject javascript into the webdriver to make the element visible. Assuming there's some js function in the page called &quot;makeItVisible&quot;, you could do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mydriver.ExecuteScript(&quot;makeItVisible();&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a bit hacky, and remarkably white-box-y, but it may solve your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2011-11-08T19:29:11.187" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-11-09T06:24:41.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may use the free test-management tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teamst.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLink&lt;/a&gt;. You can customize it according to what you want. Works like wonder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1468" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-11-30T16:17:39.647" LastActivityDate="2012-11-30T16:17:39.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2114" CreationDate="2011-11-10T06:08:28.363" Score="16" ViewCount="9191" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a former senior software developer who is looking to get into testing, and I would like some advice on how to structure my resume, as well as any general tips on how best to look for work and interview - considering my background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, why did I leave development? Long story short, it was essentially a combination of the various factors &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/545/how-does-a-testers-perspective-toward-software-differ-from-a-developers&quot;&gt;discussed in this post&lt;/a&gt;. My mindset has always been more about &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/545/how-does-a-testers-perspective-toward-software-differ-from-a-developers/546#546&quot;&gt;analysing things than about synthesising them&lt;/a&gt;, but it just took a long time to recognise this because I do quite enjoy programming on a hobby level. But my level of career satisfaction was never very high as a professional developer. I always wanted to pick things apart instead of actually work on putting them together. My talents and attention to detail have always been &lt;em&gt;much&lt;/em&gt; better in that direction than the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, other than the self-testing one does as a developer - I have also actually done some dedicated testing work in the past. In one of my development roles, I was rotated onto a test team for about 2 months, for a very major release. This is difficult to conclusively prove though - as the company was small and has since gone out of business, and there is no official record of me having that role (as I was still officially employed as a developer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in preparation for my career change, I just sat and passed the ISEB-ISTQB Foundation certification exam. I know that the actual value of this is highly controversial, but I thought it would help to show seriousness about my career change and to help me confirm my own internal change of mental direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So all in all, I have the following: 10 years of experience as a senior software developer, including ample code review, self-testing, unit testing, some TDD, and team peer review testing experience. I also have two months of actual experience working on a test team, but this one is unofficial and hard to conclusively prove. I am also now ISEB-ISTQB Foundation level certified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd mainly just like to know how all this sounds, and what sort of resume style and interview attitude should be projected in my case. I am thinking of structuring my resume as a &quot;career changer resume&quot; - with a large Career Objective section that describes my wish to change careers, and then a detailing of my development jobs and what I learned from them and how that experience applies to a pure Testing role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: I am prepared to take a fairly junior role to start out with. So this is mainly about getting my foot in the door with a first Testing job at all, not necessarily getting a great one to start with (ie I have no expectations that a strong development background will be an express ticket past a fairly junior testing role to begin with).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1277" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T11:24:15.277" Title="Resume and job seeking advice - career change from Development to Testing" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2113" CreationDate="2011-11-10T12:36:08.727" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;I'd mainly just like to know how all this sounds&quot;&#xA;This all sounds pretty good to me!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You say that you are a former developer.  What are you doing now?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tune up your thoughts on &quot;why I want to make this career change&quot;.  This will almost certainly be a point you will need to convey well during every interview.  Career changes are a break from the past, and always a risk from an employer's viewpoint.  Make sure that nothing you will say smacks at all of &quot;because dev is hard and testing is easier&quot;.  Be able to articulate your reasons clearly.  You might consider practicing this with a friend until it sounds convincing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have indicated why you don't enjoy development.  But you are focusing on the negative.  Instead, talk about why you want to get into testing. Focus on the positive!  See the difference here?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be careful what you say in your large Career Objective section of your resume.  In general, I don't find a lot of value in this section when reading resumes (I usually ignore it - particularly when it's lengthy), but I have found reasons to reject candidates here.  Your objectives have clearly changed recently and may well change again, once you have been inside QA enough to know what is available.  While both are important, remember that employers are more interested in what you can do for them, rather than how they can help you fulfill your objectives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The fact that you are willing to start with a fairly junior role gives you a lot of flexibility, and a far wider range of opportunities.  But you might want to look for a role where  you can leverage your experience as a senior software developer.  In the right role for the right company this would help you stand out from the crowd and might allow you to skip the junior level.  I've hired people with significant experience, but no testing experience, into more senior roles before.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be prepared to use your experience as a huge plus.  Find a way to convey &quot;Why my extensive development experience will help me be a terrific tester in your company&quot;.  This might require you to tailor your resume and certainly your cover letter to the specific needs of the job for which you are applying.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-11-10T12:36:08.727" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2113" CreationDate="2011-11-10T15:33:30.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My experience is with working in the United States.  Your StackExchange profile says you live in Australia.  I believe interviewing in Australia is a somewhat different from in the United States because the laws in Australia make it much more difficult to fire an employee who does not work out.  I do not know how those considerations impact how you write your resume or how you approach interviews -- perhaps Australian employers are more risk-averse about interview candidates -- but I suggest you take the country of origin into account when you consider the advice you read in this forum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Focus on your strengths.   We are human, and we have weaknesses, but what will set your resume  apart from others will be your strengths.  When I was a developer, I was more interested in (and more deliberate about) testing than many of my colleagues.  There were several times when other developers were delighted to use the tests I wrote.  In retrospect, I was better at testing than development.  I eventually burned out as a developer, and someone offered me a test lead position.  I was productive in that role.  When I interview, I focus on my success as a test lead.  If someone asks why I switched, I am honest about it, but otherwise I do not mention it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-11-10T15:33:30.833" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2113" CreationDate="2011-11-10T16:57:08.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you like testing and coding, you could consider roles like automated tester/developer in test. In these roles, you write and maintain test code and tools. You mention unit testing, but there are all sorts of testing that can be automated (GUI testing and user simulation, creating build tools, static code analysis, etc). If you want to get into testing but still like writing code, this could be a good option. At worst, it could be a transition from being a developer to being a tester and give you some experience in QA. For roles like these you seem quite qualified, and I would play up your development experience. As other commenters have said, perhaps talk more about why you &lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt; to be a tester as opposed to why you &lt;em&gt;don't want&lt;/em&gt; to be a developer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generally, being a good tester involves good communication skills, so make sure that whatever you put on your resume, it is nicely formatted (not ugly or hard to read) and well-written. Watch for spelling and grammatical errors. If you want to persuade someone you have &quot;attention to detail&quot; but have many spelling errors and have used eight different fonts, you're hosed. Also, talk about what perspective you can bring to testing as a developer; testing is often about perspective and context, so show employers what you can bring to the table. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2011-11-10T16:57:08.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2113" CreationDate="2011-11-10T18:39:52.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like you I made the switch - 20 years as a dev then made the switch to test.&#xA;I had to take quite a salary hit at first and take a junior role. It can be done - not easily, took me 6 months to find someone prepared to take me on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problems you will face will people asking why you want to change - be prepared to have a good story why and be convincing that you are prepared to 'put up' with a junior role&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you active in the testing community ? - having a blog, being active on sites such as the Software Testing Club, taking part in a weekend testing session -being able to show this can help with &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; vacancies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This blog from Trish Koo might give you some ideas - and maybe even worth contacting her for advice&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://trishkhoo.com/2011/05/how-to-find-a-good-tester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://trishkhoo.com/2011/05/how-to-find-a-good-tester/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-11-10T18:39:52.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2113" CreationDate="2011-11-10T21:35:55.027" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bobby,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that you really need to focus on what you can bring to the table that other testers cannot. The first thing that I personally would do would be to get my hands on the latest version of selenium, crack it open and start building tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As someone who is back on the market personally as of two days ago thanks to the GFC, I am now in the same boat as well so I can tell you what I am personally doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make your resume stand out from the crowd, for example I just built my own native iPad applicaiton to hand across the table in interviews, as a way to make an impression.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Network, network, network. In a small country like Australia it is all about who you know. In Australia, testing consultancies are taking more and more of the work, and a lot of it is going offshore, so your best bets will be to get in with one of those. Linkedin is a great asset here.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure the company CARES ABOUT QUALITY I cannot stress that enough.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bleed testing. If you are truly passionate about testing, let that show when you talk and that will be the best thing you can do.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-02-03T21:32:17.703" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T21:32:17.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2011-11-10T22:33:56.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that a custom solution might be the best answer here, I would build a custom database (you could use SQL lite, or similar) then some code to transform the results into the database, then use some cool javascript charting library to give you web based reports. It would take a bit of work but it should be quite straightforward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2011-11-10T22:33:56.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2098" CreationDate="2011-11-11T15:14:20.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was calling PageFactory.initElements incorrectly.  The second argument needed to be a GoogleSearchPage instance rather than the GoogleSearchPage class object.  The main method needed to look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static void main(String[] args) &#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.co.in&quot;);&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        GoogleSearchPage page1 = new GoogleSearchPage();&#xA;        PageFactory.initElements(driver, page1);        &#xA;        page1.SearchFor(&quot;hu ha 123&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch(Exception excp)&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(excp.toString());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="736" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-10T22:38:44.323" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T22:38:44.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-11-11T15:19:46.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from unit testing (which is part of coding), I see two paramount reasons for having dedicated test team.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(I would even advocate for a dedicated test project alongside the dev project with separation of concerns and tesponsability.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I just don't believe in dev team so good that there is no need for independent testing.&#xA;I take this kind of statement as a big red light.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when pressure comes, having same people do both, -- and whatever the separation of roles -- will simply translate into: less testing, more coding ...which is a recipe for a catastrophe.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This being said, there may be exceptions for (small) things that a same person can design + code + use (= testing ), like a small website. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1585" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:28:34.753" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T02:28:34.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="695" CreationDate="2011-11-11T22:49:54.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a great GTAC 2011 talk on this very subject: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1jWe5rOu3g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1jWe5rOu3g&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary: QA is dead. The new paradigm is developers doing more testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-01-20T00:43:53.040" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T00:43:53.040" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-11-12T04:48:19.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think about your role in the bigger picture. You're trying to get the &lt;strong&gt;best software&lt;/strong&gt; in to the hands of your users &lt;strong&gt;as soon as possible&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most important thing is to provide enough information that the programmer can reproduce the issue, and that they can be sure they've fixed the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you discover and document a bug, &lt;strong&gt;you are the expert on that issue&lt;/strong&gt;. You may be in a better position than anyone else to gather useful information about the bug. That information can be very helpful in deciding who should work on the bug how urgent it is vs. other bugs. (I used to work on Microsoft Visual Studio, with over 2000 engineers. Getting the bug to the right person was often quite hard!) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certain types of bugs benefit from certain types of information. For example, I want a callstack for any crash report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On many teams, programmer hours are slightly more precious than tester hours. Skilled programmers may be harder to hire than skilled testers. Increasing the number of programmers has more negative consequences than increasing the number of testers. Programmers often get paid more than testers. For these reasons, if you can spend 1 hour of your time to save 1 hour of a programmer's time, it's good for the team and good for the customer. That said, if you're gathering information the programmer doesn't need, then it's a waste of time. The difference is highly contextual; with experience you will get better at knowing when to stop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because this is all contextual, seek out feedback. Show your bug report to a friendly programmer and ask if they wish for more information, or if anything you provided was unnecessary. Keep in mind that programmers are usually biased to save their own time at your expense, so don't take their word as gospel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="95" LastActivityDate="2011-11-12T04:48:19.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2011-11-13T14:46:27.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The primary concern for the tester should be &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Have I found and written enough so that the developers can pick it up from here and successfully debug and fix the problem?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To determine the specific stopping point requires that you know the developers' abilities, and the overall expectations in your shop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some developers/companies require much more detail from you if they are to have a chance to be successful.  Others require far less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the developers are new, or contractors, or are on a different shore, we may need to provide more details.  On the other hand when the developers have been around a long time, and perhaps sit within shouting distance, far less detail is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug reports are about communication.  As with all communication you need to tailor your presentation to your audience.  And as with all communication, your feedback loop will tell you if you have been successful or not.  And if not, you need to modify your presentation for the next time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-11-13T14:46:27.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2138" CreationDate="2011-11-15T13:14:47.053" Score="3" ViewCount="906" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any automation tool for Symfony 2 framework in PHP? If so, please suggest me some sites that help me study the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1600" LastEditorUserId="2803" LastEditDate="2013-02-05T08:39:12.700" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T08:39:12.700" Title="Is there any automation tool for Symfony 2 framework in PHP" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="210" CreationDate="2011-11-15T18:29:07.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently trying FlexMonkium and while it seemed promising at first, the fact it only works with Selenium-1 is a kind of a turn off...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I am stuck again with the &quot;unable to handle file upload dialog&quot; problem that Selenium-2 finally solved. Have to go back to my old Sikuli/AutoIt workarounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, can't get it to work well without inserting sleep times in my scripts and hugly stuff like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as FlexMonkey goes, it wasn't working for me because as far as I can tell, it is only suited for unit testing and not standalone automated functional tests like I'm doing with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1603" LastActivityDate="2011-11-15T18:29:07.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2095" CreationDate="2011-11-16T00:43:59.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are trying to associate specs with tests, then You're cuking it wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using cucumber right, the specs ARE the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you get 'The Cucumber Book&quot; from the Pragmatic Programmers.  Tons of good stuff in there about how to use the tool effectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T00:43:59.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1872" CreationDate="2011-11-16T01:00:40.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does a test for 5K users mean?  is that 5 k users over day? over an hour period, with each user on the system for about 10 minutes?  or all hitting the system 'at once'  (well, as much 'at once' as a serial network connection and TCP/IP will allow).  Depending on what the true details of the scenario is, then you can do it without agents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://perftestingguide.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MS patterns and Practices book&lt;/a&gt; on loadtesting, get a better handle on exactly what kind of test scenario you will be doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might not need agents. Remember that a given vuser can simulate the load from many individual users over time (one after the other)  Also sometimes all it takes is a few hundred people at one time doing stuff that is db intensive (logging in, putting stuff in shopping carts, etc) to really load a system.   I've brought some systems to their knees with only a few hundred vusers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;create your scripts, unless the site is exceptionally well made, you will likely start exposing problems very early on.  You don't need those agents until you get to the point where you want to run all your scripts that are part of the scenario at the same time, with more vusers per script than you can handle from a single system. Only once you have all your scripts running great, and can individually scale each one up to a load in excess of what you would need in the big combined scenario, do you need to start using Agents.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At that point, you might be able to get some good useful work done before you run out of test runs, and can prove the value of what you have done and allow management to know how many agents you really need and that they are worth it to them.  (and trust me on this, 'expensive' as they may be, Loadrunner is far more expensive) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, for your base system, move the db off onto another box so it is ONLY doing the loadtest work and if it has a robust processor and lots of RAM you may be able to scale above 1000 vusers (depends on your scripts)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also do be aware that MS has completely changed their licensing model for VS2010 where the load stuff is concerned, and may not be very interested in selling you anything to work with 2008.  (and yeah Ultimate is pricey, but again, LR is more)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="440" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T01:00:40.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-08T18:49:22.260" Score="4" ViewCount="2260" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using Watir for a month or so now and use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Profile.new&#xA;profile.proxy = Selenium::WebDriver::Proxy.new :http=&amp;gt; proxy  # proxy = &quot;IP:Port&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works great for Firefox.  However, I'd like to use Chrome as well on my Ubuntu Lucid dev machine.  When I use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Profile.new&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get an @model=nil when I use &lt;code&gt;puts profile.inspect&lt;/code&gt;.  As a result I can't get out through the proxy and I can't use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;profile.native_events = false&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the code I'm trying to use works fine for a Firefox browser (obviously all Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome instances are replaced with Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox).  And I can get Chrome to see the outside world when I bypass the proxy or set it up in Ubuntu so everything goes through the proxy but that isn't ideal and doesn't solve the native_events issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I can tell so far Chrome is a lot faster to load as a program.  And significantly faster on the retrieval of URLs.  So I could do a lot more testing if I were to use Chrome but for now these Selenium::WebDriver issues are preventing me from doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="gabe" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2019-05-06T16:03:27.113" LastActivityDate="2019-05-06T16:03:27.113" Title="Watir, Selenium::WebDriver for Chrome?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;watir&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="451" CreationDate="2011-11-16T02:26:47.723" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find it valuable to distinguish between testing and checking. Maybe not as passionately or pedantically as some. :) I think it is most important when you start talking about automation. Automation can check a lot of things. So people talk about replacing hands-on (and brain-on) testing with automation. But there's an extra level of human thought and experimentation that I have yet to see captured effectively in an automation suite. For this reason, I find it valuable to remind automation addicts that their checks are useful, but we also need to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1604" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T02:26:47.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2132" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-16T18:54:46.077" Score="5" ViewCount="522" Body="&lt;p&gt;My office doesn't currently have any kind of automated testing or anything that runs on our web site updates prior to release.  We really need something.  I'm not entirely sure what options are available out there, but we really could use something that allows us to script a series of tests and conditions under which those tests pass or fail.  Ideally something open source or more affordable would be fantastic.  What options do you use in your office and what works well?  If given the opportunity to change how testing is done in your environment, would you change it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we do everything manually.  Of course this has dozens of problems with the biggest being &lt;strong&gt;time consuming&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;inconsistent&lt;/strong&gt;.  We update weekly or bi-weekly and really need to be able to press a few buttons or so to make sure everything's functioning as intended.  The only thing I can imagine is something where I can define what the &quot;working&quot; status is on specific screens.  Cross-browser would also be ideal, but if we can't do that it's still a step up to have some automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to what kind of tests I'm not entirely sure how to define that.  There are numerous sections of our web application that have pretty specific outcomes/functionality so I'm having trouble being broad with an answer there.  I suppose the test would be successful if one of the following were true:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A specific dom element existed on the page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what's on the page visually matches a screenshot we took previously, thus it's a match&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of the answers below don't discuss solutions, but indeed question the need to test in itself.  There is a lot of value in these answers as you need to be sure that automated testing is the right solution to whatever the problem is you're trying to solve for.  For my needs, I've decided to go with: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1607" LastEditorUserId="1607" LastEditDate="2011-11-18T17:23:26.857" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:13:38.450" Title="What testing procedures/software would you recommend?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2132" CreationDate="2011-11-16T22:27:40.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask.  It's not Open Source, but is affordable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also want to look at Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-11-16T22:27:40.567" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2132" CreationDate="2011-11-17T00:45:59.567" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a good idea to explore automated testing, but it is difficult to create a system that will allow to you &quot;press a few buttons or so to make sure everything's functioning as intended&quot;.  Automation is rarely a complete or easy replacement for manual testing.  Test automation requires a significant up-front investment and an ongoing maintenance cost.  It also requires skills that a manual tester will not necessarily have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to use Selenium: as a capture/replay tool or as a programming API.  Capture/replay tools never work very well (watch &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=s_CUPs6xAWw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=s_CUPs6xAWw&lt;/a&gt; for a good explanation) and I do not recommend using one.  Selenium is a decent programming API for writing UI tests, but it requires programming skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in automated testing, I recommend hiring a programmer for your test team.  Instead of launching a grand project to replace all your manual testing with automation, I also recommend starting with a small pilot project, because you will learn things as you go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this moment, there are 143 questions in this forum that mention the word &quot;automation&quot;.  I suggest that you read at least some of them to familiarize yourself with some of the issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-11-17T16:37:05.117" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T16:37:05.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2132" CreationDate="2011-11-17T10:55:12.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your biggest problems are &lt;strong&gt;time&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;inconsistencies&lt;/strong&gt; then I would recommend spending some time to look at your existing processes (read: way of working) and see what can be improved for very little or no cost and yet provide a very visual benefit to your whole office.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have an understanding on how you work you will be in a much better position to understand how tests can be introduced that cover regression of the weekly builds; And only then can you introduce tests that allow you to become more effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now I wouldn't worry too much about test automation - it's only a means to an end - concentrate on what you know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T02:13:28.037" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:13:28.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="160" CreationDate="2011-11-17T21:39:56.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A similar question was asked on Stack Overflow with an excellent answer if you can consider using he PageObject model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3272883/how-to-use-selenium-2-pagefactory-init-elements-with-wait-until&quot;&gt;Using PageFactory to init elements on AJAX pages&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1616" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2011-11-17T21:39:56.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2132" CreationDate="2011-11-18T11:28:03.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Currently we do everything &lt;strong&gt;manually&lt;/strong&gt;. Of course this has dozens of problems with the biggest being time consuming and inconsistent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid this sentence in 6 months time will readily apply to any automation effort built on a weaker manual process&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Currently we &lt;strong&gt;automate&lt;/strong&gt; everything. Of course this has dozens of problems with the biggest being time consuming and inconsistent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes automation looks to be an answer, but it is almost always a better long term investment to look at your process and ask some questions about why you are in the position you are, when you need to consider automation just to keep up (This is not the goal of automating, and is a large warning sign for your team that automating won't achieve your goal)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the impression from what you are saying that you may be locked into a permanent regression test cycle to hit very short release deadlines; my advice would be to look at ways to improve this process and set a sustainable pace, if possible package up slightly larger releases, still get changes to test early, but release to production less regularly. I advise speaking to your developers about what they could be doing up front in terms of checking there changes as they will be the amongst the most qualified in your business to advise what level of automation is possible with your particular product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend speaking with your developers and product managers to work the kinks out of the manual process and highlight the risk points at a high level before investigating specific tools, only then will you be able to asses the real cost/benefit of automating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1545" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T02:13:21.443" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:13:21.443" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2126" CreationDate="2011-11-18T14:52:43.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you haven't already, I would suggest investigating the Symfony2 docs, specifically this link as a starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://symfony.com/doc/current/book/testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://symfony.com/doc/current/book/testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1545" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T14:52:43.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2132" CreationDate="2011-11-18T19:17:46.437" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Presently at my company we are using the open source tool WATIN (cf. &lt;a href=&quot;http://watin.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://watin.org/&lt;/a&gt; or WATIR if you prefer Ruby, &lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://watir.com/&lt;/a&gt;) along with Cruise Control .NET (cf. &lt;a href=&quot;http://confluence.public.thoughtworks.org/display/CCNET/Welcome+to+CruiseControl.NET&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://confluence.public.thoughtworks.org/display/CCNET/Welcome+to+CruiseControl.NET&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://cruisecontrol.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cruisecontrol.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt; if you prefer Java).  WATIN allows you to test against the browser of your choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1423" LastActivityDate="2011-11-18T19:17:46.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2140" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2141" CreationDate="2011-11-19T00:24:36.753" Score="7" ViewCount="5622" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for Web Service Functional Testing + Automation - Open Source Tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SOAP UI - Free for functional testing. If you want to extend it for Data Driven Testing you need to buy Pro Version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Automation - I am planning to use TestNG Framework plus custom java coding for web service test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any other open source tools which you have used in your previous projects which can be leveraged for Web Service Functional + Test Automation. I am looking for previous project experience / success based on such tools. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The target system is on Java platform based system. I had earlier worked on .NET 2.0/WCF services. I had used VSTS for Web Service Automation. I initially thought of idea of using VSTS but for licencising and cost related factors i opted for TestNG &amp;amp; Custom Coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2011-11-19T00:34:22.680" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T07:16:10.567" Title="Web Service Testing &amp; Automation - Open Source Tools" Tags="&lt;web&gt;&lt;service&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2140" CreationDate="2011-11-19T03:03:28.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For functional testing, I've used soapUI and WFetch.  WFetch has worked well for the most part, soapUI is great, although doesn't seem to handle kerberos, by which most of the web services that I need to test are protected. For just manual, soapUI has normally been my clear winner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to automation, I'll admit, I found soapUI rather confusing when I needed to have multiple parameter values.  Visual Studio test has been alright for this purpose, but, I think that it could still be a little more intuitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A couple of projects ago, I started using my own code with NUnit as my driver for the automation.  This has worked well for the most part, although I've run into some fragility issues, which I hope to solve in the near future.  For manual testing, I've put together WinForms application template that can be easily modified to work as a custom tool for any RESTful webservice (haven't tried it using SOAP yet).  This has worked great for me so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T03:03:28.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2149" CreationDate="2011-11-19T06:20:56.940" Score="12" ViewCount="2709" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: this question is not related to - &quot;Test cases in source code&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working on a super fast development environment where manual test cases were given no importance (thankfully things are bright on this front after some pushing) and UI automation was considered the &quot;testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation code base (Selenium tests) has been part of of application code base. So with every application branch having a dedicated project requirement being developed, it also runs a corresponding automation tests being developed by us for that specific branch. Since we are limited number of QA we end up working in multiple branches at times. And at some point in time (no specific time again)  build engineer pushes one of the application code base branch to trunk).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this is where problems arise -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Consider we develop tests in one branch (which means application locators, some common utilities, some tests) and this branch is not yet gone to trunk, now we begin to work on new application branch and we need part of code which we developed in other branch. We are at a fix now...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Since merges are not so often, when ever a branch is merged to trunk it eventually results in more conflicts for automation code which could be reduced if merges were more often. And we can not demand merge to trunk for sake of automation code base. There should be good enough application source code also working in branch before it could move to trunk.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I suggested to take automation code away from application directory.&#xA;And to keep track of application branches we could have corresponding branches in QA automation project. i.e. application branches feature1, feature2 etc will have corresponding branches feature1, feature2 etc in automation project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing so will allow QA (which means us) to merge to our own trunk as and when we want, and removing current dependency of when automation code goes to application trunk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only hurdle which I see at this point is keeping QA automation trunk code in sync with application code trunk so that it could be used to test project code base trunk. But when we merge more often to QA then automation trunk would have tests for some features which may not yet be available in application trunk. So then -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we be maintaining a different branch in automation code base which corresponds to application source code trunk. And doing so we could still continue to merge to automation trunk when ever want, or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have I got it completely wrong and there are better solutions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-11-21T19:29:25.013" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T06:26:15.933" Title="Keeping automation code away from application source code" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2143" CreationDate="2011-11-19T15:04:27.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that you're on the right track.  We have our own source control for automation of each project.  Although this is mainly an easy way to keep us from having write access to the application source code (compliance requirements), it allows us to setup our automation strategy any way that we see fit.  It's actually not completely uncommon for us to have another branch setup for experimental code when we're attempting to learn something different.  To be honest though, lately, there hasn't been a whole lot of need to create separate branches since our switch to SpecFlow and the way that step definitions are handled with step scope.  I'm sure that if we had larger high impact changes going in, we'd probably look at cutting a new branch, but right now, even a very large, 6+ month enhancement, I haven't found a need to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2011-11-19T15:04:27.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1953" CreationDate="2011-11-20T11:20:22.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try &lt;a href=&quot;http://railsonfire.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Railsonfire&lt;/a&gt; (Full disclosure I am one of the founders)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We provide Continuous integration and Deployment for Ruby apps as a Cloud Service. Simple setup in &amp;lt; 2 minutes. If you need any help setting it up write me an email to flo@railsonfire.com, a tweet to @Railsonfire or use the olark chat box at the bottom of our site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do want to use your own EC2 instances I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/defunkt/cijoe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/defunkt/cijoe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as it is easy to set up and run. Jenkins is imho bloated, especially if you want to run ruby builds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1627" LastActivityDate="2011-11-20T11:20:22.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-20T13:50:23.477" Score="7" ViewCount="3932" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a replacement to Microsoft's USB Device Simulation Framework (DSF) which is deprecated on the Windows 7 WDK, especially for one supporting USB 3.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="346" LastEditDate="2012-09-10T20:49:21.620" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T16:33:00.527" Title="Replacement for Microsoft's USB Device Simulation Framework (DSF) " Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2147" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-20T22:36:22.433" Score="5" ViewCount="2090" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know about autoit and about autohotkey but I am not sure that they are the same.&#xA;What other good automation programs are there?&#xA;Should I use different programs for automatic &lt;strong&gt;browser&lt;/strong&gt; mouse clicks and keyboard pressing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1629" LastActivityDate="2013-12-25T11:39:36.023" Title="What are the good free mouse and keyboard automation programs?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2147" CreationDate="2011-11-21T14:13:34.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Google search with the keywords &quot;browser test automation framework&quot; will yield many links for you to check.  These frameworks usually handle mouse clicks &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; keyboard pressing.  I do not recommend using different software for automating mouse clicks than for automating keyboard pressing.  If you believe you have special needs that would motivate doing so, you should alter your question to describe those needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two frameworks frequently mentioned in this forum are &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Watir&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T14:13:34.533" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2143" CreationDate="2011-11-21T16:09:03.240" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, this is exactly the situation we faced in my old gig. Allow me to offer some advice...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First of all, think VERY carefully before you commit to maintaining test compatibility with multiple development branches. Think about it this way: Let's say you have a team of 5 manual testers, and one main dev branch to test. Then, the SW team announces they have 3 new sub-branches and want you to test all 4 branches. You would say: &quot;Well... I still only have 5 manual testers, so I want 15 more testers to handle the load.&quot; Automated testing is the same situation: To test more branches, you need more people.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the SW team at your shop does not communicate merge status effectively, you will constantly be playing catch-up with their work. This will drive you crazy. It sounds like this is already a problem at your company.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With this in mind, I recommend you narrow your commitments. Commit to developing automated tests for the main dev branch only. Offer to run those tests on other branches, but don't guarantee compatibility.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T16:09:03.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-21T16:15:13.307" Score="5" ViewCount="3118" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone tried using an Excel template/macro for updating defects in Quality Center?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I can use the Excel add-in to create new bug reports and then upload it to QC. But afterwards, I'd have to maintain it in QC. If I could pull the data back into Excel, then modify from there and then re-upload, that would make things easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Excel is for folks outside the development team (e.g., during UAT) who provide us with bug reports).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1632" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T13:53:28.803" Title="Excel template for creating/retrieving/updating defects in quality center" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2031" CreationDate="2011-11-21T22:07:48.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingwithfrank.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Frank&lt;/a&gt;. It's a tool for writing automated acceptance tests for native iOS applications. Sort of like Selenium for native apps. There are screencasts and presentations on the Frank website that give a good introduction to the tool. Most people today drive it using Cucumber, but recently (Oct 2011) a Java driver called Victor was released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full Disclosure: I'm the maintainer of the Frank project :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1634" LastActivityDate="2011-11-21T22:07:48.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2143" CreationDate="2011-11-22T05:10:17.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We keep a Selenium branch that matches the current development branch and merge the selenium branch when the development branch goes to prod.  Which to me sounds like what you are doing now.  We have the separate branch for two reasons.  Keep the tests out of source and merging of the test code is less important.  We complete all other merges first then work on the test merges last.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are generally only working on one main sprint branch and don't really have multiple branch issues that you currently have.  I think your approach will work as long as you don't need to run Trunk tests against the trunk code.  I do find that the prod branch for our tests is not really that important because it doesn't represent anything real in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only thing I'd be worried about is the case when you come across an serious production defect and cut a new branch from trunk to handle it.  When you try to cut a new automation branch you may end up with a mixed bag as opposed to a solid instantly run-able suite against your new branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T05:10:17.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2150" CreationDate="2011-11-22T13:53:28.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;couple of points/questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) what number of defects are we talking about ? If it's UAT and you are getting too many defects to enter manually then maybe you have other problems ?&#xA;:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Maintaining the defects in QC means there is a history behind them, doing it in Excel loses that. So &lt;em&gt;maybe&lt;/em&gt; you gain from ease of use by using Excel but you could lose out by not having the defect history&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd rather have 'one version of the truth' and keep QC maintained &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T13:53:28.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2147" CreationDate="2011-11-22T17:11:25.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to check out TestApi at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testapi.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testapi.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, automation frameworks emulate key presses or mouse clicks via messages directly to the OS which bypasses the keyboard and mouse hardware &amp;amp; drivers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-11-22T17:11:25.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1496" CreationDate="2011-11-23T00:08:27.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know which ''this'' you are referring to when you ask, &quot;Am I getting all this wrong?&quot;  According to the Wiki page, the isLoaded method should use JUnit assertions to check whether the page is actually loaded.  JUnit assertions throw &lt;em&gt;Errors,&lt;/em&gt; not exceptions, to signal that something went wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LoadableComponent could have refactored isLoaded into two methods: one (call it isLoadedBoolean) that returns a boolean indicating whether the page was loaded, and one (call it assertLoaded) using JUnit assertions.  Of course, if checking whether the page is loaded requires evaluating multiple conditions, it might be valuable for assertLoaded to indicate &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt; condition fails.  Lazy people would probably do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void assertLoaded() {&#xA;  assertTrue(condition1,&quot;condition 1 failed&quot;);&#xA;  assertTrue(condition2,&quot;condition 2 failed&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;protected boolean isLoadedBoolean() {&#xA;  try {&#xA;    assertLoaded();&#xA;    return true;&#xA;  }&#xA;  catch (Error e) {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other people would think that design was too weird, and instead would do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void assertLoaded() {&#xA;  assertTrue(condition1,&quot;condition 1 failed&quot;);&#xA;  assertTrue(condition2,&quot;condition 2 failed&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;protected boolean isLoadedBoolean() {&#xA;  return condition1 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; condition2;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if the criteria for checking whether the page is loaded ever changes (and of course it will, since this is a test for a web interface), both methods will need to be updated.  So developers who code this way will trade off weirdness for maintenance bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose another option would be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class PageLoadCheckFailure {&#xA;   public String reason;&#xA;   ... other interesting data ...&#xA;&#xA;   public PageLoadCheckFailure(reason, ... other interesting data ...) {&#xA;      this.reason = reason;&#xA;      etc.&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;   public String getReason() {&#xA;      return reason;&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;   ... getters for other interesting data ...&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;protected PageLoadCheckFailure checkWhetherLoaded() {&#xA;   if (!condition1) {&#xA;      return new PageLoadCheckFailure(&quot;condition 1 failed&quot;, ... other interesting data...);&#xA;   }&#xA;   if (!condition2) {&#xA;         return new PageLoadCheckFailure(&quot;condition 1 failed&quot;, ... other interesting data...);&#xA;   }&#xA;   return nil;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;protected void assertLoaded() {&#xA;  PageLoadCheckFailure result = checkWhetherLoaded();&#xA;  if (result != nil) {&#xA;     Assert.fail(result.toString());&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;protected boolean isLoadedBoolean() {&#xA;  return checkWhetherLoaded() == nil;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that sure seems like a lot of work compared to the Selenium design, especially since this is, after all, just test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2011-12-01T05:29:53.207" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T05:29:53.207" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2147" CreationDate="2011-11-23T11:43:26.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you just want to emulate mouse clicks and keyboard keystrokes have a look @ &lt;strong&gt;selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt; its an addon for firefox it should cover your needs.&#xA; If you want to test the same scenarios in other browsers you can export your tests and run them under selenium webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T11:43:26.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2140" CreationDate="2011-11-23T11:49:18.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look at Selenium @ www.seleniumhq.org its open source and really flexible or you can have a look at jubula &lt;a href=&quot;http://eclipse.org/jubula/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://eclipse.org/jubula/&lt;/a&gt;  its an eclipse project for automated functional GUI testing for Java and HTML applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T11:49:18.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2147" CreationDate="2011-11-23T14:23:22.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might wish to investigate the freeware versions of iOpus iMacros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iopus.com/imacros/compare/all/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.iopus.com/imacros/compare/all/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-11-23T14:23:22.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2160" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-23T16:03:27.040" Score="6" ViewCount="4651" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium WebDriver and run into a issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the UI, elements are seen by the WebDriver but it can't perform any actions such as click, type, select etc. Elements are found by Selenium and returned as an instance of webelement. I can get, getText(), isEnabled() etc, but it won't perform any actions. There are no exceptions, it just hangs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand this behavior. If it seen by the WebDriver, it should click. I have tried using actions. That too shows the same behavior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to debug this issue? Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Integer.parseInt(Timeout), TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;element=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;test&quot;));&#xA;element.clear();&#xA;element.sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works in other websites. Not in the one I'm testing. So I don't know if there is an issue in WebDriver or in the AUT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: After moving to Selenium 2.13.0, above issues resolved. But I still want to know how to debug in case of error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="644" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T19:58:53.817" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T19:58:53.817" Title="How to Debug Selenium WebDriver Actions?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-24T02:43:05.223" Score="4" ViewCount="3018" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know why this WebDriver function would be failing intermittently in Internet Explorer? Seems to always fail right around the &lt;code&gt;textbox.clear()&lt;/code&gt; line. It works perfectly in Firefox, but fails one in every few times in IE. Really frustrating. I'm using the latest Selenium (2.12?), IE 9 on Windows 7 with all Windows updates, Python 2.7.2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dpaste.com/hold/661035/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dpaste.com/hold/661035/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def verify_find_hits(self, terms_hits, search_type):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot; verify that finding on a phrase gets expected number of hits &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    self.browser.implicitly_wait(10)&#xA;    for term, hits in terms_hits.items():&#xA;        textbox = self.browser.find_element_by_id('query')&#xA;        findb = self.browser.find_element_by_id('findbutton')&#xA;        textbox.clear()  # for when we loop and search more than once&#xA;        textbox.send_keys(term)&#xA;        findb.click()&#xA;        util.wait_text_displayed(self, 'Privacy Policy')&#xA;        if(search_type == 'int'):&#xA;            if(hits == 0):&#xA;                assert 'no results for your search' in self.browser.page_source&#xA;            else:&#xA;                assert str(hits) + ' total hits' in self.browser.page_source&#xA;        else:&#xA;            if(hits == True):&#xA;                assert ' total hits' in self.browser.page_source&#xA;            else:&#xA;                assert 'no results for your search' in self.browser.page_source&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-11T17:47:11.623" LastActivityDate="2012-06-21T04:52:47.117" Title="WebDriver function failing intermittently in Internet Explorer near clear() method" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1851" CreationDate="2011-11-24T18:24:12.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's nothing wrong with having multiple users share a Selenium RC server for non-Internet Explorer browsers.  It works just fine.  The server will start up independent browsers and the tests will be completely isolated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Internet Explorer, it can't be done.  IE tries very hard to maintain a single browser instance for each logged-in user (&lt;em&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, each Windows &quot;session&quot;).  Your only option with IE is to have separate Selenium RC servers running in separate sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="815" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T18:24:12.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1986" CreationDate="2011-11-24T19:15:54.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you trying to test the actual email verification process itself, or is the verification just a necessary step to enable further testing of other features?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the latter, you might consider it cheaper to provide a test-specific(*) method to simply set an email address as 'verified' and leave the testing of email verification itself to your manual testing. Especially considering you're likely to want to do email verification by hand anyway to check it actually delivers to 3rd party inboxes and looks right (to a human).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) Make sure you don't leave this method enabled in a production build unless suitably protected!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1575" LastActivityDate="2011-11-24T19:15:54.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2160" CreationDate="2011-11-25T11:48:17.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only way to debug the code is to write a wrapper around &lt;code&gt;WebDriverEventListener&lt;/code&gt; and listen to the logs. Otherwise, it is not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="644" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T19:58:39.067" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T19:58:39.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2165" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-25T12:27:11.780" Score="5" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be a good Orchestration tool for Triggering tests in Virtual Machine? Basically I want to trigger multiple parallel VM's to run automated tests. The tool should also have queuing mechanism.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1647" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T22:32:41.737" Title="Tool for Virtual machine Test Orchestration" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2166" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-26T01:36:49.580" Score="5" ViewCount="2516" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a fresher in Quality Center 10.0 HP software testing tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding in order to generate reports from QC and to troubleshoot the scenarios, we need to write SQL queries in the QC back end database. In my case it is SQL db. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I downloaded the database reference help file but I could not understand from where I can start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It just gave the table name and its information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a starter like me are there any online tutorials or helpful websites,hands on exercises,scenario's where I can better understand how to write queries for the QC data model? I am very confident about the SQL coding itself, what I want to know is how to query on the QC database tables based on the scenarios that occur in QC tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks, &#xA;Srihari&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1653" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2011-11-26T22:53:31.190" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T01:52:06.653" Title="What resources will help me understand the data model for QC 10.0 in order to write my SQL queries?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2166" CreationDate="2011-11-26T18:46:03.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If ( and it's an 'if' as your question is not clear ) you want to learn SQL there is the recent 'Learn SQL The Hard Way' at &lt;a href=&quot;http://sql.learncodethehardway.org/book/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sql.learncodethehardway.org/book/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have this on my list of things to try out so I can refresh my SQL knowledge&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T18:46:03.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2168" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2222" CreationDate="2011-11-26T21:39:17.587" Score="4" ViewCount="2495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in the process of developing an application that uses QC OTA API, and although I find OTA API Reference a good place to start, I really need to have a server I could connect to/try things out on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One solution would be to download the QC ALM evaluation software, but I do not have the hardware for a server nor the patience/time required to get it to work (the steps are described &lt;a href=&quot;http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache%3aQGQ_jhSuQUQJ%3ab0mbjack.blogspot.com/2011/04/quality-center-11-on-windows-2008.html%20&amp;amp;cd=7&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ct=clnk&amp;amp;client=ubuntu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there such a thing as a public sample QC server?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Forum systems come to mind, when they let you post in a sample bulletin board, experiment with themes, and it all gets restored the next day)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there something I could connect to, and try their API without the hassle of installing QualityCenter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1442" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T16:11:56.357" Title="How can I &quot;play&quot; with QualityCenter OTA API without having a QC server?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2169" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-26T22:07:57.630" Score="5" ViewCount="565" Body="&lt;p&gt;What (if any) are the differences between &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingstandards.co.uk/Component%20Testing.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Standard for Software Component Testing&lt;/a&gt; (from the British Computing Society SIGIST and available for free) and BS 7925-2 (which is available to purchase for £170)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1656" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2012-06-27T15:29:24.473" LastActivityDate="2012-12-24T17:32:56.923" Title="Differences between Standard for Software Component Testing (BCS, SIGIST, 2001) and BS 7925-2:1998" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="353" CreationDate="2011-11-26T22:14:07.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might be interested in TestDroid, I've seen it demoed at Droidcon London and was not the only developer there blown away by the service they are offering. I haven't used it personally as I'm currently too small time to justify the license fees, but if I was in a larger team or dealing with a larger client it &lt;em&gt;seems&lt;/em&gt; a no brainer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testdroid.com/products&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testdroid.com/products&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N.B no affiliation whatsoever, infact I'm currently using roboletric but this was covered by your original question :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1656" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T22:14:07.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2169" CreationDate="2011-11-26T23:16:09.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first document appears to be the last draft version of the published (expensive) version - in fact, this page states that and appears (to my reading) to be recommending that you use the draft: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingstandards.co.uk/bs_7925-2.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingstandards.co.uk/bs_7925-2.htm&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What reasons do you have for using either standard at all? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither will help you to fulfil your stakeholders' needs for relevant, timely, quality-related information - only you can do that, by doing a good job of discussing their needs with them, analysing the testing problems that you have, and staying in close communication with them during the course of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your stakeholders have specific needs for following a particular standard, then you need to explain the context for that before anybody can help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2011-11-26T23:16:09.610" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-11-27T21:49:45.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mozilla.org/projects/testopia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testopia&lt;/a&gt;. It is integrated with Bugzilla. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1512" LastActivityDate="2011-11-27T21:49:45.330" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2132" CreationDate="2011-11-28T10:34:43.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First thing you need to do is to get a handle on what kind of tests you're running. Making a series of automated tests will do nothing if the automated tests are being written with poor quality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked with TMap (www.tmap.net/en), which is a sort of testing manifesto written by Sogeti, a large consulting company in The Netherlands. They have a series of white papers and checklists you can peruse, including determining whether you have the correct resources for testing and what kind of testing you should be doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you get a feeling that your manual testing is on the right track and you want to automate a series of repetitious actions, THEN you can start investigating what kind of automated testing tool would be best for you. You should ask yourself some key questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What type of platform am I doing the majority of my testing on?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What platforms are we potentially going to use in the future?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do I want to accomplish most from my automated tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that writing automated testing will be as time-consuming, if not more so, than the manual testing you're doing now. As was mentioned in a different answer on this thread, there is no such thing as a silver bullet for writing test scripts, especially when it comes to automated testing. Something as simple as adjusting the size of your screen can throw your tests into havoc if the automated program is looking for an x/y position on your screen to click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as getting started with automated testing, Selenium is indeed a good freeware tool for testing web based applications. Keep in mind that in the beginning, you'll be doing all your testing in FireFox. If your main browser platform is IE, you will have to do spot checks, because the way some screens draw in FireFox are different than from those in IE (I should know - my last assignment called for a lot of manual testing, because we only supported IE, but the developers kept testing on FireFox or Chrome). If you need to test desktop applications, you can try AutoHotKey, which offers a lot of automated power without having to squint at the screen trying to figure out what the code means. If you have programmers who can help, you might be able to use Cucumber with Ruby - providing that you have people who can quickly debug your Ruby code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1661" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T02:13:38.450" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:13:38.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2174" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-28T11:09:46.950" Score="3" ViewCount="639" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently started with a company which does not have any other full-time testers (testing as such is done primarily by people from support), so I don't have other people within the company to ask this kind of question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, we are going to soon start running Hyper-V virtual machines to perform load testing of our software. I was wondering A) if anyone had any experience working with Hyper-V, and if so what kind of outside problems I should look for when running testing on that environment; and B) if there is a tool that will allow me to launch an automated test (for example, running AutoHotKey from one machine) over multiple virtual machines and log which machines the tests have failed or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1661" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T19:24:23.903" Title="Testing automated tests in Hyper-V virtual machines" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2194" CreationDate="2011-11-28T14:09:25.370" Score="7" ViewCount="4083" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a software tester looking at different automated testing solutions, I need a tool that will interact with a heavily graphical interface such as a flash website or application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want the tool to interact in the way a user would - the flash application I am testing is a children's game. Users look for cues onscreen that indicate that you can interact with elements in-game, and so I would like to test from this perspective as opposed to using knowledge of the game's implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than the cost of image-recapture, what other benefits and draw-backs can you see in this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will Eggplant fulfill this role? What tips and hints can you give on getting the best out of it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there any better tools for this purpose? &#xA;  &lt;em&gt;(Objectively - I will need a list of pros and cons)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:09:37.550" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T02:00:16.137" Title="Is Eggplant any good for image capture and image recognition?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;eggplant&gt;&lt;sensetalk&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2011-11-28T14:20:11.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eggplant's image capture and recognition is very good - the best I have ever come across. There are also some handy tricks you can use where you point it to a folder full of images and it will tell you if, where, and which it found one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hints and tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;While the image-recognition algorithm has some tolerance for images that do not exactly match the source image, this tolerance is low. Capture as small an image as is possible while keeping it unique to the on-screen element you need to look for or click on. For animations or large images that are often partially obscured, creating a set of images that match various parts of the larger image, or various frames of the animation will often server you well, and it is always possible to discover which image was the one found.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For fast-moving sequences where you need to find a key-frame it can be difficult to capture what you are looking for - disconnect the vnc session and then click 'Show Window' on the connection list - you will have a freeze-frame of the screen at the moment you disconnected, from which you can capture a selection of images at your leisure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It can sometimes be desirable to capture images that are chosen dynamically. The CaptureScreen command will take the full screen and place it in the test results, however you can specify a name and location for this image, as well as only capturing a small area on-screen. This can make it easier to refer back to these images later.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For dynamic applications is can be difficult to predict the exact location of an image you wish to capture on the fly - Sensetalk has good vector addition and subtraction which you can use to give relative positions to captured images on-screen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T14:20:11.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2178" CreationDate="2011-11-28T14:28:04.117" Score="3" ViewCount="4459" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sensetalk - Eggplant's scripting language, leaves a lot to be desired. I do not personally see why people feel the need to invent new languages all the time. The syntax is overly simplistic, and as such can turn anything that is not simple into a lisp-like mess of parentheses in order to be sure what it will do. Some basic language features such as default parameters are missing and need to be engineered into your scripts. Behaviour for uninitialised variables is utterly broken - Sensetalk will silently do what it thinks is best - &lt;code&gt;UninitialisedVar&lt;/code&gt; is read as &lt;code&gt;&quot;UninitialisedVar&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, however &lt;code&gt;A phrase that has not been escaped in quotes&lt;/code&gt; may or may not throw a syntax error depending on what out of that phrase has been initialised and what type it has been initialised to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any hints and tips on using Sensetalk effectively?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastEditorUserId="1125" LastEditDate="2011-11-29T10:51:33.443" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:45:22.377" Title="Help using Sensetalk (Eggplant's scripting language)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;eggplant&gt;&lt;sensetalk&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2177" CreationDate="2011-11-28T14:46:32.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my short time to date (about a month) using sensetalk I have come up with the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This should be point 8 but I thought it was important enough to get boosted to the top of the list:&lt;/em&gt; Booleans are lazily evaluated from Right to Left (&amp;lt;-), not Left to Right (-&gt;) as in most common languages. This means that if you do &lt;code&gt;if func1() and func0() then return True else return False&lt;/code&gt; then in the case that &lt;code&gt;func0&lt;/code&gt; returns &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;func1&lt;/code&gt; will not be evaluated - this is the reverse of most languages where &lt;code&gt;func1&lt;/code&gt; would be evaluated first and you could short-circuit &lt;code&gt;func0&lt;/code&gt;. Similarly for &lt;code&gt;if func1() or func0() return True else return false&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;func1&lt;/code&gt; will only be evaluated if &lt;code&gt;func0&lt;/code&gt; returns &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use strings, make sure you use quotes around them - the behaviour whereby uninitialised variables are seen as strings is completely borked - avoid it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write generic helper scripts - while there are some fairly complex things that Sensetalk/Eggplant will do without breaking a sweat, there are some fairly fundamental things that are missing from the language. Write them and keep them in a helper suite, you will find yourself using them all over the place.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sensetalk has no default parameters (AFAIK) write your own. I have the following helper function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;to DefaultTo VariableNameIfYouUseDataLikeThisYouDeserveToGetBitten, Default&#xA;  if VariableNameIfYouUseDataLikeThisYouDeserveToGetBitten is empty or \&#xA;     VariableNameIfYouUseDataLikeThisYouDeserveToGetBitten = \&#xA;                &quot;VariableNameIfYouUseDataLikeThisYouDeserveToGetBitten&quot;\&#xA;     then return Default&#xA;  return VariableNameIfYouUseDataLikeThisYouDeserveToGetBitten&#xA;end DefaultTo  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use this everywhere in the form of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;to Blah Var1, Var2, Var3&#xA;     set Var1 to DefaultTo(Var1, SensibleDefaultVar1)&#xA;     set Var2 to DefaultTo(Var2, SensibleDefaultVar2)&#xA;     set Var3 to DefaultTo(Var3, SensibleDefaultVar3)&#xA;end Blah&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is very easy to write automated steps that perform an action, however using these to test something is left as an exercise to you - not necessarily a bad thing but &lt;em&gt;make sure that the person architecting the project knows their stuff&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sensetalk and Eggplant pose few restrictions on how you approach automated testing other than those integral to the way they work (image capture and recognition over VNC), however &lt;em&gt;make sure that the person architecting the project knows their stuff&lt;/em&gt; or it is all too easy to end up with a complicated mess.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eggplant's performance can be unpredictable - some things are very slow, others are surprisingly fast - you should play about with a few implementations of what you want to do rather than making any assumptions about performance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2013-06-06T14:05:52.500" LastActivityDate="2013-06-06T14:05:52.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1321" CreationDate="2011-11-28T14:52:23.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have now been using this tool for a month and so can give the following feedback:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2175/is-eggplant-any-good-for-image-capture-and-image-recognition&quot;&gt;Eggplant's image capture and recognition is very good&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2177/help-using-sensetalk-eggplants-scripting-language&quot;&gt;Sensetalk - Eggplant's scripting language, leaves a lot to be desired - but if you keep at it then it does the job.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all I would say that for image-heavy application Eggplant is a great tool - just make sure it is the right tool for what you want to use it for - I think you can get a free trial from their website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T14:52:23.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2166" CreationDate="2011-11-28T15:10:01.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Srihari... I'm also relatively new to QC. With regard to querying the QC DB, mostly I retrieve BUG data, and learned primarily through trial and error in the Dashboard module. Initially, I didn't know which columns to include so I just did a query to select * from BUG where bg_bug_id = &amp;lt;some bug ID I had logged&amp;gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, my base query on BUG is written below. And I just revise from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT&#xA;  BUG.BG_BUG_ID,&#xA;  RELEASES.REL_NAME as &quot;Detected in Release&quot;,&#xA;  RELEASE_CYCLES.RCYC_NAME as &quot;Detected in Cycle&quot;,&#xA;  BUG.BG_DETECTED_BY as &quot;Submitted By&quot;,&#xA;  BUG.BG_SUMMARY as Summary,&#xA;  BUG.BG_DESCRIPTION as Description,&#xA;  BUG.BG_STATUS as State&#xA;  -- plus other BUG details&#xA;FROM BUG&#xA;  LEFT JOIN RELEASES&#xA;   ON BUG.BG_DETECTED_IN_REL = RELEASES.REL_ID&#xA;  LEFT JOIN RELEASE_CYCLES&#xA;   ON BUG.BG_DETECTED_IN_RCYC = RELEASE_CYCLES.RCYC_ID&#xA;-- WHERE clause&#xA;-- ORDER BY 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'hope this helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1632" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T15:10:01.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2011-11-28T18:14:52.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a couple things I would try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get a different version of Selenium.  I am using Selenium Webdriver&#xA;2.9 and can't reproduce the issue on the web sites that I am testing using the chrome driver. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use Javascript to set the text of the element directly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = ...;&#xA;String script = &quot;arguments[0].setAttribute('value', 'Set to this text.');&quot;&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(script, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be recommendations to not use javascript directly because this will a) not ensure the element is visible and active first b) not fire any events on the element, which is sometimes required to continue interacting with your page.  If it is not required then it shouldn't matter.  Unfortunately if you need to fire events such as onkeydown, onkeyup, onchange, etc, I have not found a simple way to do so with Selenium Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="8897" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T08:20:21.627" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T08:20:21.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1321" CreationDate="2011-11-28T21:14:29.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any AGT system based on image-comparison is inherently brittle. If your AUT is browser-delivered, I highly recommend you adopt Selenium and/or Watir. It's got the best community support, cross-browser compatibility, and is implemented in most major languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2011-11-28T21:14:29.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1321" CreationDate="2011-11-29T00:55:38.400" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A year or two ago, my employer's existing automated testing system was nearing the end of its licence period, and I was tasked with evaluating EggPlant as a possible replacement. I spent about a month recording tests, writing test scripts, and generally trying to pick at EggPlant's flaws.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the most part, EggPlant could do whatever we needed it to. As others have said, it was image-recognition based, so tests tended to break when the AUT's interface changed, but because it allowed image masking and fuzzy image recognition and (more importantly) could read text if given the font, it was possible to write tests that had non-zero tolerence to change, and which could be updated with relatively little effort when compared to some other image recognition-based automated testing systems out there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, Eggplant did have two significant flaws when I was evaluating it. The first is that it was a very mac-based piece of software. That's not a problem on its own, of course, but it was the Windows version of the tool that I was examining, and most of its features and interface were designed for a Macintosh operating system. I'm not just talking about on the machine running the AUT, either: The EggPlant user interface, itself, used Mac UI conventions, which are markedly different to those of Windows. It tended to be a little confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EggPlant's second significant flaw was that it was full of crippling bugs. To be fair, when we mentioned these bugs to TestPlant support they were fixed quite rapidly, but the sheer frequency with which showstopper bugs were appearing made it impossible to use the tool without being constantly distracted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I should stress that these two flaws may well have been fixed by now. The Windows port of EggPlant was brand new when I was looking at it, and many of the bugs and quirks of the system were probably teething problems.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, we ended up not using EggPlant, but that was because of the mostly windows-specific flaws I've described above. I imagine that if I'd been running the tool on a Mac, I'd have had a much more positive impression of its capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="867" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T00:55:38.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="93" CreationDate="2011-11-29T08:18:51.083" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for a tool that's built for regression testing check out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bfirsh/needle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/bfirsh/needle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It basically takes screenshots of the parts you select (check their example) and compares them. If they're too different from each other, the test will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1664" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T08:18:51.083" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2011-11-29T08:18:51.083" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2185" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-11-29T17:05:14.073" Score="2" ViewCount="3226" Body="&lt;p&gt;i'd like to know if anyone faced the following problem with Selenium tests run:&#xA;when scripts are running locally all tests pass, but when they are ran on server for the same site some of tests fail (different tests every day without script changes).&#xA;The most interesting thing is that if i watch the process on server all tests pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know what can be the reason and how to fix it? Or at least how to investigate it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scripts are running for Firefox browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1096" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T07:51:17.377" Title="Some Selenium tests fail on server but pass locally" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2165" CreationDate="2011-11-29T20:02:05.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Visual Studio's Lab Manager can do this, I keep meaning to play around with it myself because I am in need of the same thing.  Since I have not had a chance to play around with it yet, I can't tell you how well it works, but here is a link to the main page with a bunch of other training and documentation links on it: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/ee712698&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/ee712698&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is likely a pretty expensive option, however my company already has licenses for Visual Studio Ultimate and TFS, so for us it should be pretty easy and inexpensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I get a chance to play with it, I will update this thread with additional pertinent information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T20:02:05.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2161" CreationDate="2011-11-29T20:04:39.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you answered your own question, but to clarify, Webdriver does not allow you to interact with an element that is hidden or disabled.  You can check those properties before attempting to interact with an element using the wait function in Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T20:04:39.293" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2254" CreationDate="2011-11-29T22:10:51.870" Score="5" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is looking for a new defect tracking tool.  One of the issues I have with the old tool and with the current direction things are going in the search for a new tool is that we have standalone tools that do not play nicely together for our TCM, Defect Tracker, Source Control and Project Management. I know that it is nice to have integration between these systems and those integrations can save time and increase productivity as well as provide useful insight into trends, etc., however I was having trouble articulating what exactly those useful integrations are or could be.  The tool we are currently looking at for Defect Tracking is JIRA, which I have read good things about, but it doesn't have any built in integration with TFS, TeamCity or AgileZen which are the other tools we are using.  My concern is that if we have a bunch of tools that are not integrated or require additional work to integrate then we are creating more work for ourselves down the road.  Is there need for concern?  Should I just be happy with standalone tools with no integration, or should I commit time and energy to finding tools that work well together?  Any links to data or documents on the subject would be useful to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few good reasons for having integration between these systems that I came up with are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Associate a test case failure with a bug, and vice-verse.  This&#xA;allows you to easily see what tests/scenarios are blocked by a&#xA;particular bug and what bugs are currently blocking a specific&#xA;scenario. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Associate a check-in and subsequently a build number with&#xA;the resolution of 1 or more bugs. Currently, there is a manual&#xA;process to a) make a check-in, b) resolve one or more bugs, c)&#xA;include the change-list and build number in each resolved bug. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get detailed commit graphs and statistics associated to bug resolutions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report on defects fixed within a build, or between a range of builds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other ideas or additional integrations that are or could be useful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-12-18T02:38:59.473" Title="What are useful integrations between TCM, Defect Tracker, Source Control and Project Management software?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1355" CreationDate="2011-11-29T23:24:52.220" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a similar problem and was able to resolve it by finding the elements by xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;b = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;#...some commands here&#xA;b.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//select/option[@value='The Options I am Looking for']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1668" LastActivityDate="2011-11-29T23:24:52.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1756" CreationDate="2011-11-30T14:39:43.700" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it happens, that isn't (as far as I can tell) the official documentation,&#xA;which is here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/py/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/py/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;(Link is dead)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Official documentation is here : &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/api.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/api.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(And which does have the full API reference.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1662" LastEditorUserId="18863" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T08:34:15.173" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T08:34:15.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2188" CreationDate="2011-11-30T15:26:57.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, on the one hand the benefits of a wholly integrated SDLC tooling solution are many. It's a beautiful world when all your tools work together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, to achieve this you MUST have a full time employee whose primary responsibility is to engineer that integration. That means you're in for at least $75k per year to enjoy the pleasures of tool integration. I don't know what your budget looks like, so you'll have to decide if it's worth it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can, optionally, hire consultancies to put together the integration. It'll cost more in the short run, but IF you think that your SDLC won't change much in the future then it might be worth it. In that case, you'll still need an engineer dedicated to maintaining the integration, but maybe only as a 50% time allocation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternately, you can switch to an all-in-one tooling solution (I believe ClearCase and TFS both qualify). This costs a bunch (on a per-seat-per-year basis), but they come fully integrated out-of-the-box. It can save you a lot of headaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, you can choose to live with the current lack of integration. It may be painful, but the other options all cost real money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T15:26:57.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2185" CreationDate="2011-11-30T19:59:43.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a problem I've faced before. Some buttons are dependent on JavaScript binds. If you click the button before the JavaScript loads, the button will not have the bound event. Therefore, Selenium will successfully click on the button (since the DOM is loaded properly) but the JavaScript hasn't bound to that particular button yet. Solutions you can try include waiting for the JavaScript bind on the element or continuously clicking on the element until the correct action is performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can adapt this code as needed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;'selenium.browserbot.getCurrentWindow().$(&quot;#id&quot;).data(&quot;events&quot;).click' != 'null'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1675" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T19:59:43.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2165" CreationDate="2011-11-30T22:32:41.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your continuous integration server should be able to handle this, if you use one. For example, Jenkins and TeamCity are capable of launching generic jobs, and both have &quot;VM&quot; plugins to abstract away the fact that the system on which you are starting your job is even a VM. We use TeamCity + VMWare Fusion in our work and it is effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1677" LastActivityDate="2011-11-30T22:32:41.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2011-11-30T23:32:43.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should be noted there is a FOSS alternative to Eggplant: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;. We have teams that use both in our organization. I would not claim Sikuli is as powerful or up to the level of Eggplant, but if your needs are relatively simple it is worth a look. Also it is simply a Java library, so it can be integrated with other tools quite easily. We use Jython primarly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1677" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-21T19:03:55.247" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T19:03:55.247" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2011-12-01T10:00:19.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We had used Eggplant for comparasion of Flash Player created images (in Macromedia) on both Mac and Windows. It was an excellent tool for such image comparasions and worked very well for pixel-by-pixel and overall picture/image comparasion tool also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would overall agree with @BiggAl 's summary and also recommend the use for Web Based images and dynamically rendered images also. (we were using the dynamic rendering/checking utility for Eggplant with Flash Player generated images and static images which were created using a photo editing tool.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1679" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T10:00:19.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1559" CreationDate="2011-12-01T10:56:05.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having the same problem. Tried a similar code outside the proxy and it ran without problems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found googling that you need to open Fiddler (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fiddler2.com&lt;/a&gt;) before running the coded and then browsers stay and can get to the line &lt;code&gt;driver.get(some url)&lt;/code&gt; - I couldn't previously -. But then, when getting an URL, a display is shown for Proxy Authentication and I can not pass through it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have being googling and can not find a solution to this problem, but hope the Fiddler ¿solution? can help you in the very beggining.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1680" LastActivityDate="2011-12-01T10:56:05.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2197" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2205" CreationDate="2011-12-02T04:15:48.517" Score="74" ViewCount="377234" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically I want to at least check that a download-able file exists / download link works and preferably get stuff like the file size too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;link = self.browser.find_element_by_link_text('link text')&#xA;href = link.get_attribute('href')&#xA;download = self.browser.get(href)&#xA;print download&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That fourth line prints &amp;quot;None&amp;quot;, presumably because I haven't manually clicked the Save button, and even if I had, I doubt WebDriver would be able to &amp;quot;see&amp;quot; the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas? I'm using Firefox as my browser-under-test, and I understand that the file handling for downloads is somewhat browser and/or OS-specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="48519" LastEditDate="2021-02-22T03:16:33.663" LastActivityDate="2021-03-22T00:32:16.383" Title="How to download a file using Selenium's WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="36" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1321" CreationDate="2011-12-02T05:09:17.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With text recognition working fine ..i feel this tools seems to be more powerful compared to  image recognition tools.&#xA;This tool is not suitable for drastically changing platforms but if UI or menus are freezed then for mid to long term projects eggplant should satisy most of the requirements of an automation tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1685" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T05:09:17.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2199" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-02T08:25:55.060" Score="2" ViewCount="7949" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can use the Object Spy from QTP to get the id and name of SAP GUI controls, e.g. user name control from the logon screen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;id: &lt;code&gt;/app/con[0]/ses[0]/wnd[0]/usr/txtRSYST-BNAME&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;name: &lt;code&gt;RSYST-BNAME&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent standalone tool that can provide the same information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Environment: SAP GUI 7.20.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="947" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-16T20:14:51.903" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T20:14:51.903" Title="Standalone tool equivalent to Object Spy from QTP" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2011-12-02T10:09:24.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My view point will be based on QUALITY (ISO 9001) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1/ ISO 9001 VERIFICATION :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is compliance with requirements.&#xA;Testing is making sure requirements are fullfilled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a large part of the answer is :&#xA;What are the types of requirements that specifiers commonly forget.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If something is not explicited in the requirements, it &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;can't be tested&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (tested against what : ? the tester opinion ?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example : usability.&#xA;Proper usability should be explored as part of functional analysis, with eg prototypes.&#xA;If it's not in this upstream phase, then it will raise issues in downstream phase for sure ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traceability is here not to forget testing requirements.&#xA;It implies some &quot;requirement management&quot; and in case there are &quot;forgotten tests&quot;, it may be a good approach for improvement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2/ ISO 9001 VALIDATION :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISO 9001 also proposes to tests against intended usage (called &quot;validation&quot; as opposed to verification). This is when you drive the car live on the road to &quot;test&quot; it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here usability comes back in light ...&#xA;So here the question is : in the project construction, is there a phase like &quot;customer validation&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1585" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T10:09:24.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2201" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-02T13:57:01.180" Score="1" ViewCount="6438" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2213/i-face-a-problem-while-opening-firefox-with-selenium-script&quot;&gt;I face a problem while opening Firefox with Selenium script&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class ok {&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @param args&#xA;     */&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        WebDriver test = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        test.get(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run above script my Firefox is open with following message and I can't load google.com website:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Would you like to help improve Mozilla Firefox by automatically reporting memory usage, performance, and responsiveness to Mozilla? All you need to do is to click on Yes or No button and then it won’t ever interrupt you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I keep clicking Yes/No and it keeps showing the popup every time a new window opens, which stops any of my automated (Selenium) web application tests from working!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1687" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T23:59:10.363" Title="Can't open webpage using Firefox WebDriver using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2012-01-06T19:48:37.087" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2201" CreationDate="2011-12-02T15:40:00.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I Googled for 'disable &quot;Would you like to help improve Mozilla Firefox by automatically reporting memory usage, performance, and responsiveness to Mozilla?&quot;' and found &lt;a href=&quot;http://forums.mozillazine.org/viewtopic.php?f=23&amp;amp;t=2328545&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T15:40:00.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="175" CreationDate="2011-12-02T16:00:19.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;it will extend the time a program spends in development&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially, this may be true but as the software matures and becomes more complex, the TDD approach will actually reduce the time a program spends in development since the code-base will be more robust, easier to maintain and less prone to bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have good unit test code coverage and a full suite of acceptance tests you have effectively defined the &quot;behavioural boundary&quot; for your software. Any developer who breaks this behaviour during later development will be alerted to it immediately in a TDD / Continuous Integration environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being alerted to bugs almost instantly (Failing Fast) is a huge cost saver for the software industry and one any development manager worth his/her salt should be very interested in hearing about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1689" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T16:00:19.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-02T17:35:25.707" Score="5" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I went looking on the Google for a simple JavaScript object or other bit of JS code that can deliver a list of strings that are interesting for testing. I thought there would be a billion  hits, but I couldn't find one. If I'm just doing my search wrong, please give me the link(s) as an answer. If I don't get a good answer, I'll turn this question into a community wiki page and we can construct one together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By 'interesting', I mean the list contains strings known to cause problems; things like the empty string, a string with unicode characters, a string with closing delimiters of various kinds - like quotes, close-braces, greater-than, etc. I understand that an exact and comprehensive list would depend on the specific code under test - I just want a general set of good ones to get started with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T21:58:57.610" Title="Is there some published JavaScript with a list of 'interesting' test strings?" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2011-12-02T19:08:32.850" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there is no easy way to make Selenium download files because browsers use native dialogs for it which cannot be controlled by JavaScript, so you need some &quot;hack&quot;. Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.codecentric.de/en/2010/07/file-downloads-with-selenium-mission-impossible/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1096" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-01-02T08:10:05.063" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T08:10:05.063" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2174" CreationDate="2011-12-02T19:24:23.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Hyper-V to run our continuous integration server.  We are using MSTest.exe from Visual Studio 2010 with NCover and CruiseControl.NET.  The great thing about CruiseControl is that you can access it from a web browser.  Here are some links that I have found to be useful in setting it up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cruisecontrolnet.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cruisecontrolnet.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncover.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ncover.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haven't had any major problems working with Hyper-V when using Windows 7.  Please feel free to let me know if you have any other questions, concerns or issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1423" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T19:24:23.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2011-12-02T20:19:33.120" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about this approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/faq.html#how-to-auto-save-files-using-custom-firefox-profile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to auto save files using custom Firefox profile?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1691" LastEditorUserId="1691" LastEditDate="2014-06-28T17:48:32.910" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T17:48:32.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2204" CreationDate="2011-12-02T21:53:45.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used this previously &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.random.org/strings/?mode=advanced&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.random.org/strings/?mode=advanced&lt;/a&gt; although its lacking the more frequently erroneous values, maybe we could build something similiar though ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it does have the option of getting them back in plain text or formatted which is handy :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1656" LastActivityDate="2011-12-02T21:53:45.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2209" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-03T03:06:35.950" Score="3" ViewCount="758" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically, I want to automate the creation of a certain type of user account.  There are four basic steps, but each step involves a different application and has somewhat intricate details. The steps are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open an Excel file and fill in required fields (the fields will be a user name, password with certain requirements, and 2 other simple fields).  The template of the Excel file will be the same everytime, but the information entered will be different.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a local user account on a remote server with the information entered in step 1. (also, edit certain settings on the user account like &quot;user cannot change password&quot;, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open up a web browser and browse to an intranet site, enter login information, choose some options, and use a web-based form to upload the Excel file from step 1.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open up an application called &quot;PasswordSafe&quot;, and enter the username/password created in step 1.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, the way this would work is having a command line type window prompt the user for the required information, and perform the above 4 steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've researched a couple different automation programs and one seems to work, but is very expensive.  Is there a good way to do this that is relatively easy and cheap?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1694" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T07:06:14.420" Title="What is the best software to automate complex tasks involving multiple applications/steps?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2209" CreationDate="2011-12-03T13:25:42.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask for this sort of activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information about this tool here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/WinTask&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/WinTask&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T13:25:42.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2204" CreationDate="2011-12-03T21:58:57.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does it have to be a JavaScript object?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do these help?&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/some-strings-for-pasting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/some-strings-for-pasting.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-time-fields.html&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-listbox-fields.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-listbox-fields.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-radiobutton.html&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-checkbox-fields.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-checkbox-fields.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-date-fields.html&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-strings.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-strings.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-integer-field_19.html&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-integer-field.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-integer-field.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2011-12-03T21:58:57.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2212" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-04T18:37:56.440" Score="12" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll be giving a 3-day course on software test design later this month with lots of hands-on exercises.  I'd like to include one or more exercises that would involve testing an online game for approximately 20 minutes.  I am interested in your suggestions of an online game I could use for this exercise.  Ideally, it will be a very easy-to-understand game that is generally operational (e.g., not totally broken) but has a fair number of relatively easy-to-find bugs.  It will be important that we not waste much time in the course getting access to the game, explaining how it works, etc.  we want to dive right in and make this a quick exercise.  Additional context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logging into a free online gaming site (like addictinggames.com or similar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Opening a game I would specify in order to test it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploring the game for just a couple minutes to understand the basic objectives of the game, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designing combinatorial (similar to pairwise) tests &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Executing those tests and learning more about the game in doing so&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sharing issues discovered with the class in a discussion that will highlight most of these conclusions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lesson 1: Using combinatorial test design techniques is great for maximizing variation between different tests but it is insufficient.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lesson 2: You can parameterize just about any system or application or process if you think about it in the right way.  Being able to parameterize Systems Under Tests (in obvious and not so obvious ways) is an extremely important skill to have as a tester.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lesson 3: More important for efficient and effective testing is whether or not you include good testing ideas into the mix of variables that get modified from test to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lesson 4: As emphasized by Exploratory Testing proponents, you should keep your eyes open to interesting lessons learned as you are executing your tests and not hesitate to enrich your test scripts by exploring a bit while you're executing them.  If you do, you will probably uncover interesting findings. You should consider whether it would make sense to incorporate these new test ideas and other findings in additional tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lesson 5: Requirements will always be incomplete; testing is a lot more than &quot;verifying requirements.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance for your suggestions!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2011-12-04T21:09:55.947" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T22:44:04.010" Title="What online games (ideally with a bunch of glitches) would make for a good software testing training exercise?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3536" CreationDate="2011-12-05T15:24:00.593" Score="4" ViewCount="25702" Body="&lt;p&gt;I face a problem while running Selenium scripts. I try to open Firefox using the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But Firefox opens with Yes/No dialog with the following message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Would you like to help improve Mozilla Firefox by automatically&#xA;  reporting memory usage, performance, and responsiveness to Mozilla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get this message every time. Selecting Yes or No has no effect. I can't understand whats the problem. Is it a problem with Firefox profile or WebDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-06T14:49:08.103" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T04:33:53.790" Title="I face a problem while opening Firefox with Selenium script" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1034" CreationDate="2011-12-05T15:28:06.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not used this but Selenium have introduce silverlight-selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/silverlight-selenium/wiki/Fixtures&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/silverlight-selenium/wiki/Fixtures&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Download it from following link&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/silverlight-selenium/downloads/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/silverlight-selenium/downloads/list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T15:28:06.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2199" CreationDate="2011-12-05T17:47:24.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an open source app you can get from here that works in a similiar manner:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://uiautomationverify.codeplex.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://uiautomationverify.codeplex.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And microsoft has a UISpy tool:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms727247.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms727247.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2011-12-05T17:47:24.957" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2213" CreationDate="2011-12-05T18:02:07.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What version of Firefox are you using?  Are you sure that the version of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; you have supports the version of Firefox?  Try updating to the latest version of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; and a version of Firefox that you know is supported like 7.0.1.&#xA;Another possible solution is that you can start Firefox with any profile instead of the default one that ships with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabailities();&#xA;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile(&quot;path_of_profile&quot;);&#xA;cap.SetCapability(&quot;firefox_profile&quot;, profile.ToBase64String());&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(cap); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="29863" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T16:39:05.960" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T16:39:05.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2218" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2219" CreationDate="2011-12-06T09:53:04.397" Score="3" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there either any xUnit (or otherwise) design patterns or anti-patterns for testing threaded code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1670" LastActivityDate="2011-12-06T13:30:27.703" Title="xUnit tests patterns for testing threaded applications" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2218" CreationDate="2011-12-06T13:30:27.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you seen a &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunitpatterns.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://xunitpatterns.com&lt;/a&gt;? A lot of great material there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience dealing with threaded behavior in tests just makes things needlessly complicated and not worth the effort. Try to isolate tasks from each other by using mocks/stubs as much as you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one particular pattern however that helped me a lot: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_by_contract&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;design by contract&lt;/a&gt;. Which I implemented by inserting assertions in the application code and stress testing the system in attempt to trigger their violations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YMMV of course, but for my projects this approach (isolation and stress testing) proved to be more effective than trying to write tests for specific use cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1165" LastActivityDate="2011-12-06T13:30:27.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2220" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-06T21:49:22.607" Score="7" ViewCount="528" Body="&lt;p&gt;Behavior Driven Development (BDD) approaches such as NSpec seem to bring developers and those that define business specifications closer together. But this has left me trying to figure out how more formal QA-shops incorporate these types of practices into QA-planning, etc... Is this really more appropriate for smaller shops where no formal QA exists, or is there a way to reasonably blend this into larger scenario's?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1674" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T15:43:54.787" Title="Impacts of BDD on QA Teams" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2220" CreationDate="2011-12-07T00:29:49.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I could be off my footing here (and if I am, please let me know!), but from a QA perspective, everything that TDD is for automated tests, BDD is for manual tests. Now some of these 'manual tests' may indeed be automated, but only insofar as they're pretending to be a user. They aren't like unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just because you have dedicated people doing the testing doesn't make it any less prudent for the tests to be designed before the code is written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The larger scenarios you mentioned are probably even more streamlined - by having the BDD documentation upfront, you end up with much more material to submit for SOX compliance, which your larger companies require for a number of things, mostly public trading and capital loans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoother for developers? Check!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoother for QA? Check!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoother for SOX? Check!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitely not just for smaller shops with no formal QA teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't even see where blending needs to occur. The 'behaviors' (which are perfect templates for a manual test document) need to be defined some time. BDD says they're going to be done before the code. I suspect this is because most shops write the code and then write behavior documents (and off of those, test plans) that say what the application does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you have these documents at some point anyway, which a shop with a formal QA department would have, BDD doesn't change WHAT gets written - it just changes WHEN it gets written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again if my understanding of the problem domain is off, please let me know, as I'm here to learn as much as anything!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T00:29:49.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2168" CreationDate="2011-12-07T00:33:33.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what all the guidelines are, but you could consider becoming an HP partner. I believe you have to pay a small amount, but you get access to all their products for integration purposes. It does run into the same problem as the evaluation software does, but you only need to configure it once, and you get access to their support. My experience with their support for their Silver partners program has been hit or miss in the past. I'd say 1/3 of the time I get a rep who slows things down, but the rest of the time I get a rockstar who wants to actually help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I find it unlikely you'll find a public sandbox for it, I think getting your own server is the best course of action. And since the evaluation software will likely expire after some point, I'd recommend the partner's program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T00:33:33.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8694" CreationDate="2011-12-07T01:36:27.213" Score="5" ViewCount="282" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of our software projects are web based and many include the production of HTML templates (example pages) that then need to be integrated into a working software system or website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there widely used generic test procedures available to check the quality of this integration step and if yes, are there any tools that would help with running these tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example one bug I found is that a CSS rule&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#category h2, form h2{&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;has been misinterpreted on integration as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#category h2, #form h2{&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;causing the use of a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;form&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that complicates the code unnecessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought for example a tool that compares the use of classes and id tags in the HTML templates and live version may be useful to detect such issues, but I don't want to build these tools all on my own or focus on issues that are less common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1706" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-16T15:30:04.737" LastActivityDate="2014-05-24T11:34:46.703" Title="Recommended Generic profiling techniques for quality assurance on HTML integration" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2224" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-07T17:52:12.710" Score="3" ViewCount="2707" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I need to do is to create UI test cases for our application and we have decided to use Selenium with &lt;strong&gt;TestNG&lt;/strong&gt; (we're still open to other options if there are considerable advantages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests we are trying to create are &lt;strong&gt;tests where several users interact with each other using the application&lt;/strong&gt;. Basically we need to have several users logging in in parallel into our application and perform different actions. There is a relation between the actions of the users so they need to synchronize their interaction in some points (e.g a user needs to wait that a different user performs an action before he can perform his action). This means that there also needs to have some sort of shared information between the users (I was simply thinking about sharing an object that will take care of the synchronization points).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How should I structure my scenario where I need to describe the actions of different users that will run in parallel using TestNG?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better framework for this or is there a pattern that addresses this problem? Any suggestios are welcome! Thank you.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The best I could thing so far is to create a test where each &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; method has the actions of each user and then create a Suite where I define that the test methods should run in parallel. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MultiUserTest {&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void user1Interaction() {&#xA;        User user1 = new User();&#xA;        // user1 performs actions&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void user2Interaction() {&#xA;        User user2 = new User();&#xA;        // user2 performs actions&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then create a Test Suite where I specify that the methods of &lt;code&gt;MultiUserTest&lt;/code&gt; should run in parallel.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I don't really like this solution. I don't like the fact that I'm relying on an XML configuration (Test Suite) to describe the correct behavior of my test (which will not be obvious just by looking at the java code). I also don't like the fact that I will not be able to simply run the test by using the TestNG plugin on eclipse by doing &quot;Run As - TestNG Test&quot;.  Again, any suggestion is very welcome. Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1710" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:34:50.933" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T23:05:46.777" Title="How to use TestNG to create multi-user tests scenarios?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2223" CreationDate="2011-12-07T18:46:27.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of tools that will validate the correctness of your HTML including CSS, accessibility, etc.  I'm not sure if they would catch your specific scenario or not, but you could check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One simple step would be to use the IE Developer Tools.  In the latest version of IE, select &quot;F12 Developer Tools&quot; in the tools menu.  On the Validate menu, there are a few options including &quot;HTML&quot;, &quot;CSS&quot; and a couple of options under &quot;Accessibility&quot;.  If you need more you can search Google for &quot;HTML validation tool&quot; and a bunch show up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-12-07T18:46:27.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2224" CreationDate="2011-12-08T05:32:43.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One possibility: Put each user's activities in a class (perhaps anonymous) that implements &lt;code&gt;Callable&lt;/code&gt;. Then have your test method instantiate each &lt;code&gt;Callable&lt;/code&gt;, invoke them using an &lt;code&gt;ExecutorService&lt;/code&gt;, then retrieve the threads' results when they finish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/Callable.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Callable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/Executors.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Executors&lt;/a&gt;, especially the &lt;code&gt;unconfigurableExecutorService()&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ExecutorService&lt;/a&gt; to invoke the subthreads and retrieve their results and exceptions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="117" LastEditDate="2011-12-08T05:54:05.533" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T05:54:05.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2229" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-08T15:42:54.917" Score="6" ViewCount="449" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Selenium web services for our automated functional testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a test that tests the creation of some objects. If I run the same test again, I need to make sure that each test has a different business key - else it will run into a unique-constraint violation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way, I can fix this is to reset the database before\after every run of test suite so that each test suite doesn't conflict with another. However, my individual tests within the same run are not isolated from each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I get to the point, where all my tests are isolated and do not conflict with each other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now we query the database to generate random IDs that do not exist in the database. But I am sure there must be a more elegant way of solving this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1516" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T13:42:01.777" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T13:42:01.777" Title="Test isolation and automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2229" CreationDate="2011-12-08T16:17:20.843" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;RN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've got several options here. One is, as you mentioned, to reset the database before each run. That's probably a good idea anyway to ensure that you've got the same starting condition and the beginning of the run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the individual tests within the run, you can operate a simple counter through the run and use that to generate your business key - that is, your list of objects includes an object number in its data, and your key is generated using that object number. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some possible options are a timestamp to milliseconds (e.g. 201112081110526) which you save for the test to allow you to check the saved object against your input. An iterator of 1, 2, 3... etc will also give you the same result. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using something like this will give you a set of tests that aren't going to conflict with each other. Unless you have tests that depend on another object having been created in an earlier test, they should also be independent of each other. Whether your end-of-run database will match your baselines if one test fails will depend on how intelligent your baseline checking is - if you check each object individually after creation, one failed test won't impact baselines, where if all the object checks occur at the end of all creation tests, one failed test could have a major impact. Either way, you'll still have a cleaner test set with known unique IDs that you don't have to run a SQL query to generate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T16:17:20.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2229" CreationDate="2011-12-08T19:54:54.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One possibility is to reset the database before every test, not only before every run of the suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will likely make each run take longer. If you can tolerate the increased duration, that's they way I'd go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it may require adding setup to tests that now depend on earlier tests to establish their initial conditions. But that's another way of saying that it makes the tests independent, which is your stated goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2011-12-08T19:54:54.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-09T09:50:29.980" Score="2" ViewCount="893" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to find out the vanished test scripts of a particular test set in a test lab of the QC.&#xA;How to bring them to the normal view as before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esnips.com/displayimage.php?pid=33014372&amp;amp;message_id=596e30be538c760625773b7dfbd173c0&amp;amp;message_icon=info#cpgMessageBlock&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Please refer to the work around perfomed for this issue and advice whether it is correct &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1653" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-05T14:21:20.967" LastActivityDate="2012-11-05T14:21:20.967" Title="How to find QC removed test scripts and bring them back" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2232" CreationDate="2011-12-09T13:31:37.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's difficult to answer this question as each Q.C. installation uses different settings, but my approach would be to check that I have no active filters in Test Lab, after that I would make sure that I can see ALL columns in the Execution Grid. My final thing to check is that when I click on Select Tests button the Test Plan Tree listview is visible and contains the test folders (and scripts) from my Test Plan module - of course you should check that you have no active filters in the listview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that doesn't work can you provide actual screen shots of your Test Plan module and your Test Lab module?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if that doesn't work - if not I'll take a look at your SQL in the link, but it does look complicated for what you're asking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2011-12-09T13:31:37.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-12-11T06:29:02.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QC is a good test management tool.. you can use it to map the testcase to the specific requirement and execute the test case directly from there, also it has many more features. you can use the 30 days trial version to start with. its easily downloadable from the hp site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2011-12-11T06:29:02.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2212" CreationDate="2011-12-12T04:49:14.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am an engineer who has just started a career in testing. I used to play the game farmville a lot and often found bugs with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be interesting to try out the techniques you mentioned on this game and document the outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T22:43:57.267" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T22:43:57.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2238" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-12T09:25:54.277" Score="4" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used to be able to launch all my Selenium2 WebDriver tests in Ruby on Rails via &lt;code&gt;rake test:units&lt;/code&gt;. But recently, my test case(s) won't be found anymore. I dont get any notification or error message. Traced, the test just ends after &lt;code&gt;Execute test:units&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It still can be launched manually by calling &lt;code&gt;rake test:unit TEST=test/unit/foo_bar&lt;/code&gt; or using &lt;code&gt;ruby [path]&lt;/code&gt; to launch the file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test itself still works just fine, so I don't know why the automatic test doesn't start anymore. Maybe I violated some naming conventions? This is how everything is named:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;File: foo_bar.rb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Class: FooBar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method: test_foo_bar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further I use some additional selfwritten requirements stored in test/unit/helpers. Might this be another source of problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1732" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2013-06-22T19:21:07.223" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T20:12:43.783" Title="Selenium tests aren´t launched anymore" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2241" CreationDate="2011-12-12T12:21:55.563" Score="2" ViewCount="4116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to update defects in quality centre using their REST API from a curl-based script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, I've managed to authenticate, store the cookie, and retrieve a defect's data from QC. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problems start when I try to send data to update a defect, I always seem to get a 'method unsupported' exception. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My curl command is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;curl -b cookie.txt –T @xml.txt -H &quot;Content-Type: application/xml; Accept: application/xml&quot; http://qcserver/qcbin/rest/domains/DK/projects/R2/defects/74&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sending the following xml, just trying to update a standard field at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot; standalone=&quot;yes&quot; ?&amp;gt; &amp;lt;Entity Type=&quot;defect&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;Fields&amp;gt;&amp;lt;Field Name=&quot;owner&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;Value&amp;gt;me&amp;lt;/Value&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/Field&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/Fields&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/Entity&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QC documentation says to use a 'PUT' command, so I've tried sending the XML using the -T curl option but that does not work, so I assume it still needs to be POSTed. Any suggestions gratefully received.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="649" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-08-13T15:28:23.830" LastActivityDate="2020-09-02T16:23:57.787" Title="QC via REST API" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2" CreationDate="2011-12-12T12:27:30.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use SilkTest 2011 as it has support for the IE 9 &amp;amp; FF6.&#xA;Your silk test 2010 script will run on Silk test 2011.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1733" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T12:27:30.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2239" CreationDate="2011-12-12T14:20:01.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;curl man page&lt;/a&gt; says you need to use &quot;-X PUT&quot; to issue a PUT request.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T14:20:01.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-12-12T14:42:11.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In manufacturing, quality assurance is a systemic, business-wide process (or a collection of processes, if you prefer) for improving quality, and quality control is a manufacturing process that attempts to  measure quality by testing random samples of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software is not a manufacturing process, and a manufacturing-oriented notion of quality control is nonsensical for software.  (Software media may be manufactured, and one might apply quality control to software media, but of course those measures would not impact the quality of the software itself.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that sense, all software testing is a kind quality assurance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-12-12T14:42:11.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1928" CreationDate="2011-12-12T21:35:59.930" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to click the &quot;Continue to this website (not recommended).&quot; link in the following way (works for me on EI7, IE8):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webDriver.navigate().to(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1735" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-10-16T16:04:15.627" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T16:04:15.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2212" CreationDate="2011-12-13T00:11:41.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about online games, but if you have access to an Ubuntu machine, you could browse their &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/features/ubuntu-software-centre&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;software centre&lt;/a&gt;. There are a whole bunch of applications of all kinds, including several games. These range from relatively simple 2D scrolling games to OpenArena, a 3D FPS. They're mostly free, and available for download. I'm sure that given the range of free open-source games there, you can find some that are buggy enough for your tastes. You can also try contacting the creator(s) of the games and ask for newer versions to test as well, as some may be particularly receptive to having some playtesting and otherwise for their applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="346" LastEditDate="2011-12-14T14:41:36.920" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T14:41:36.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2212" CreationDate="2011-12-13T08:45:22.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question for you...what if your &quot;testers&quot; find no bugs in the software under test despite all the planning techniques. How will you explain this to your students? And how will you go about resolving this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you planning on testing the software (using the same planning techniques you want to teach) and find some bugs so you can compare?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2011-12-13T08:45:22.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2011-12-14T10:47:30.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've recently released a tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testwave.co.uk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestWave&lt;/a&gt; that might be of interest to you. You can link your tests designs to both requirements and releases. You can then reuse that test design in multiple test sets or releases. There's a free 30 day trial on the web site too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm one of the developers for TestWave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1742" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-12-05T13:29:48.077" LastActivityDate="2012-12-05T13:29:48.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2011-12-14T11:12:31.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you're looking for some sort of Test Management Software, as semaj pointed out there is an excellent list at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com/qa/tools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.xqual.com/qa/tools.html&lt;/a&gt; though it's currently missing  our new tool called TestWave (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testwave.co.uk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testwave.co.uk&lt;/a&gt;) which allows you to manage test, execute tests and record the results as you go, and if you want to raise a defect from the test execution. There's a free 30 day trial and since it's hosted you can be going in a few  minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm one of the developers on TestWave&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1742" LastActivityDate="2011-12-14T11:12:31.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2146" CreationDate="2011-12-14T20:30:28.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe an alternative would be to plug in a number of physical USB audio devices and then programmatically &quot;unplug&quot; and &quot;replug&quot; them: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5297304/how-to-simulate-a-usb-unplug-replug-after-the-device-is-safely-removed&quot;&gt;Simulate USB unplug/replug&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another alternative might be to have a number of bluetooth audio devices within range and programmatically connect/disconnect them: &lt;a href=&quot;http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-NZ/windowspro-audiodevelopment/thread/0af0e34b-4628-4839-9222-2b56c1b4bbe3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Programmatically connect/disconnect bluetooth headset&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1745" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-12-09T23:41:21.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2250" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2251" CreationDate="2011-12-15T21:15:21.820" Score="5" ViewCount="370" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft announced that they will automatically update users to the latest version of IE if they have automatic updates turned on (this is a change from before where people had to explicitly accept the update instead of it happening in the background).  Firefox and Chrome already do the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I know that one of the big reasons people have not upgraded their browsers has been policies put in place by their organizations which likely will not change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does this change the browsers that we should target for testing, or does it?  Should we continue to test older versions until we get the latest browser market share numbers after the change goes out via Microsoft update?  I am anxious to lay to rest the testing of products on older browser versions, but I don't want to jump the gun.  When will we know the time is right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T13:55:30.037" Title="Is browser version matrix a thing of the past?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2250" CreationDate="2011-12-15T21:36:00.797" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;IE 7 is expensive to support at my company. It is encouraging to hear that Microsoft will force automatic update users to upgrade to IE 8 or IE 9.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you host your own product, you should be able to analyze your web server's access logs to determine the market share of each browser version.  With those numbers in hand, you can evaluate tradeoffs between market share and the cost of supporting old browser versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2011-12-15T21:36:00.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2250" CreationDate="2011-12-16T03:55:21.017" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In his own inimitable fashion, QA Hates You posted a blog on this very topic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qahatesyou.com/wordpress/2011/12/dont-base-your-compatibility-matrix-on-a-press-release/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://qahatesyou.com/wordpress/2011/12/dont-base-your-compatibility-matrix-on-a-press-release/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Nor will it force updates on consumers who have already declined earlier offers to abandon an older IE&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2011-12-16T03:55:21.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2095" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:27:39.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Test Collab, you can link test cases with their automated class methods. Take a look at this screencast: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcollab.com/blog/screencast-test-automation-with-test-collab/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testcollab.com/blog/screencast-test-automation-with-test-collab/&lt;/a&gt; It demonstrates integration of test cases with PHPUnit_Selenium package. Similarly cucumber can be integrated too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do not have automated scheduling feature yet - but you can do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create test execution at Test Collab via API triggered by your Jenkins. Once test execution is assigned, Test Collab will automatically trigger your cucumber tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm co-founder of Test Collab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T10:27:39.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2188" CreationDate="2011-12-17T10:53:00.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my company there were around 63 integrations methods I &lt;strike&gt;needed&lt;/strike&gt; wanted - I'll write down some important ones here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support Request to Feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Email to Bug/Feature/Enhancement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Commit(s) to Code Review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature Request to Requirement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Forum Thread to Feature Request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many of them - but you gotta begin with whats most important for your organization. We've arranged all our prospected integrations in order of priority for the same purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to defect manager suggestion: Switch to JIRA without any hesitation - its affordable, universally adapted and everything you can think of, or need is likely to be available as a JIRA plugin (well not if you have 63 integration links like us - but still it covers a lot).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're using Redmine right now and very soon we'll be shifting to JIRA. We ourselves have gone through the process of this debate and found out JIRA was the ultimate tool we needed. And if you have a small team under 10, don't even think about it - switch to it right away for $10 only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One serious suggestion though: Before switching, carefully establish costs of JIRA plugins - some of these can get very expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T10:53:00.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2250" CreationDate="2011-12-17T13:55:30.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your target group and how much money you earn from them. I've worked for a client who make  that much many that only browsers with a share under .5% was not supported anymore. Cause the money that he earned from that less user base was much more of the cost of supporting these old plattforms. That means we've testing for all IE versions down to 6 all FF version down to 3.0 and so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there is no right or wrong. If you some million users you can calculated how much of them use IE6, and if only some of them call you support team cause they cant buy your product maybe its better to have IE6 on your test matrix. But if you have only some thousand of users, your not interested in  support a browser that enlarge your user base by 50 or 100 users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe its enough to make sure the core functionality of your product works in IE6 no matter if  it looks the same in chrome or firefox. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1695" LastActivityDate="2011-12-17T13:55:30.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2188" CreationDate="2011-12-18T02:38:59.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would focus on the specific integration features that you need, and then come up with specific reasons as to why this info is useful and how will it increase productivity or reduce costs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I find that many integration features to be bells and whistles.  I know this doesn't exactly answer your question but I felt it important highlight.  You could come up with many great integration ideas but most likely it will be very expensive.  Integration generally requires an expensive tool that does everything or a team in your company to put it together, then manage it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2011-12-18T02:38:59.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2212" CreationDate="2011-12-18T03:45:44.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this odd cat shooting a bow golf game will suit your needs. It's really simple and quite fun (with a few bugs of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.addictinggames.com/sports-games/catwithbowgolf.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.addictinggames.com/sports-games/catwithbowgolf.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus, a great buggy, real-life app is hosted by Adam Goucher. The Parking Calculalor is probably one of the buggiest apps I've ever seen and it's the first thing I thought of when you posted your question.  It's actually found on an airport website but has been hosted by Adam so you don't have to hit their production site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://adam.goucher.ca/parkcalc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://adam.goucher.ca/parkcalc/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spoiler alert! Don't read below if you want to hunt for bugs yourself :)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In about 10 mins in Catwithbowgolf I've found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;spoiler&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt; 1) you can shoot yourself off the board&#xA; &lt;br&gt;&#xA; 2) you can shoot through the ground (and hit the target)&#xA; &lt;br&gt;&#xA; 3) you can shoot your character through the small pieces of ground&#xA; &lt;br&gt;&#xA; 4) you can shoot your character infinitely up if you go far enough out of bounds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T22:44:04.010" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T22:44:04.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1355" CreationDate="2011-12-18T11:46:08.950" Score="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think using &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/webdriver_support/selenium.webdriver.support.select.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.webdriver.support.ui.Select&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is the cleanest way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select&#xA;&#xA;b = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;&#xA;# navigate to the page&#xA;select = Select(b.find_element_by_id(....))&#xA;print select.options&#xA;print [o.text for o in select.options] # these are string-s&#xA;select.select_by_visible_text(....)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this approach is also the fastest way. I wrote &lt;code&gt;fast_multiselect&lt;/code&gt; as analogous function to &lt;code&gt;multiselect_set_selections&lt;/code&gt;. On a test with 4 calls to &lt;code&gt;multiselect_set_selections&lt;/code&gt; on lists of about 20 items each, the average running time is 16.992 seconds, where &lt;code&gt;fast_multiselect&lt;/code&gt; is only 10.441 seconds. Also the latter is much less complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select&#xA;&#xA; def fast_multiselect(driver, element_id, labels):&#xA;     select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(element_id))&#xA;     for label in labels:&#xA;         select.select_by_visible_text(label)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T02:52:47.843" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T02:52:47.843" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-12-18T14:26:47.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to teach people from the complete beginning, I would recommend &lt;strong&gt;Software Testing: An ISTQB-ISEB Foundation Guide&lt;/strong&gt; by Peter Morgan, Angelina Samaroo and Brian Hambling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1906124760&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing: An ISTQB-ISEB Foundation Guide by Peter Morgan, Angelina Samaroo and Brian Hambling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is primarily used for teaching software testing foundation for ISTQB certificate, but it is also helpful as an information source for people who want to have overview in this area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1760" LastActivityDate="2011-12-18T14:26:47.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2260" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-19T11:17:20.447" Score="4" ViewCount="392" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a library that seems to work as intended. I would like to add some instrumentation to the library to capture (some) current input and the result and save that as a test case. Is there a library or tool for PHP to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short: given (1) current source code and (2) some example execution runs, output (3) test cases to verify that these execution runs repeat the same after the source code has been modified without repeating the example execution runs manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, I could mark a class or a function or method as &quot;experimental&quot; and this tool or library would generate test cases for this class/function/method that submits recorded input and saves computed output. Generating test cases for all methods executed during the example execution run would probably generate too much noise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously tests generated this way would be far from perfect but I'd guess these tests would be good at capturing accidental code regressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you suggest anything? I'm aware of Selenium but recording tools for that seem to test much bigger parts of the system. I'm looking more for a tool that is closer to unit testing and possibly would generate test cases (in source code form) that are understandable enough to be improved in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1762" LastActivityDate="2012-10-27T07:34:58.703" Title="PHP: code instrumentation library to capture/record new unit test cases?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2263" CreationDate="2011-12-22T03:29:32.677" Score="4" ViewCount="1333" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know whether QTP supports parallel test execution on multiple browsers now? I am looking for something similar to Selenium Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastActivityDate="2013-02-15T17:49:05.917" Title="Does the latest version of QTP have something similar to Selenium Grid?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2262" CreationDate="2011-12-22T06:58:12.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;QTP does not support parallel runs on different browsers, you can run the same test on different browsers by defining the browser in the data table and then iterate on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="909" LastActivityDate="2011-12-22T06:58:12.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2264" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-22T09:16:42.910" Score="3" ViewCount="5100" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quality Center allows filtering in the defects view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to filter on column1 = &quot;value1&quot; OR column2 = &quot;value2&quot;, showing the union of the two filters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1154" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T19:28:38.627" Title="How to filter with on column1 OR column2 in Quality Center?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1254" CreationDate="2011-12-22T14:54:44.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also you may try &lt;a href=&quot;http://mailtrap.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mailtrap&lt;/a&gt; if you don't want to set up and launch SMTP server locally. It is free web server that provides its own SMTP for e-mail messages debugging and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1777" LastActivityDate="2011-12-22T14:54:44.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2262" CreationDate="2011-12-22T19:02:24.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parallel execution can be achieved by integration with Quality Center, in which case you can set up a test set to execute against a number of different hosts. Alternatively, you can build your own, or utilize another system, such as your build farm, to dole out QTP jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="345" LastActivityDate="2011-12-22T19:02:24.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-23T05:20:09.477" Score="7" ViewCount="17541" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I drag and drop an object from one grid to another in the same page using Selenium IDE. This is a web page, and it is designed in ExtJS. Please help me out doing this using the IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1782" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-25T14:28:36.913" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T14:00:39.843" Title="Drag and drop using Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2271" CreationDate="2011-12-23T08:52:58.617" Score="3" ViewCount="826" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apologies if this question has been addressed before or not relevant to this exchange. I did some initial searching and I've only recently discovered this area of stackexchange so I'm unsure of the general 'flow' of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My work has tasked me with researching and putting together a loose proposal for an automated regression testing system for our SharePoint environment. This incorporates a number of custom web parts and web services which I believe will make a majority of &quot;out of the box&quot; testing solutions a poor choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially I'm wondering what tools I should be researching to test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SharePoint web parts are still functioning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;End to end testing of a workflow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Service SOAP calls are still functioning and return the desired result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be honest since I graduated I've had very little to do with any sort of automated testing tools. I test my own applications and have written far too many test cases but haven't had to do anything automated to this scale so please keep in mind that a lot of terms are likely to be above my current skill level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1783" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:34:25.927" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T13:34:25.927" Title="Regression testing for web services and SharePoint workflows - What should I research?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2269" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2011-12-23T10:32:57.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The .NET Framework is not specific to any one programming language. The C#, VB.NET, C++/CLI, and F# programming languages from Microsoft, as well as many other languages from other vendors, all use the same .NET Framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The .NET Framework includes a large library of functions as part of the Base Class Library (BCL), including those related to user interface design, data access, database connectivity, cryptography, development of web applications, mathematical algorithms, and network communications. This extensive library simplifies development and makes it easy to rapidly develop new applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1784" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T12:54:14.880" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T12:54:14.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2270" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2011-12-23T10:32:57.733" Score="0" Body="The .NET framework is a software framework (designed mainly for the Microsoft Windows operating system). It includes an implementation of the Base Class Library (BCL), Common Language Runtime (CLR), and Dynamic Language Runtime (DLR). It supports many programming languages, including C#, VB.NET, F# and C++." OwnerUserId="1784" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2011-12-23T12:54:16.783" LastActivityDate="2011-12-23T12:54:16.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2268" CreationDate="2011-12-24T13:08:11.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; for WebService regression tests. There are plenty of tools for web application regression testing, you can try &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2011-12-24T13:08:11.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2011-12-24T16:56:55.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, but it normally proves, you that you will understand what the ISTQB test manager and the other ISTQB tester mean. Many project managers think that testing is that obvious that one need no education for it, it is certainly wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A big value is - one would not disturb good testing process by implementing his not-understanding about testing and qa.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2011-12-24T16:56:55.073" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2011-12-26T03:43:27.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found the book 'Perfect Software (and other illusions about software testing) - Weinberg' a good starting point for anyone to understand software testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1202" LastActivityDate="2011-12-26T03:43:27.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2275" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2276" CreationDate="2011-12-28T02:34:04.253" Score="7" ViewCount="5567" Body="&lt;p&gt;elements.send_keys() works fine in most cases, but I have a particular test case where I need to input very large strings into a textbox, and send_keys() is far too slow. (The test takes 28 minutes to execute right now!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is this way of doing it: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3526361/firefoxdriver-how-to-disable-javascript-css-and-make-sendkeys-type-instantly&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3526361/firefoxdriver-how-to-disable-javascript-css-and-make-sendkeys-type-instantly&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I want to avoid JavaScript execution if I can. Is there a way to do fast textbox input that's more &quot;native&quot; to WebDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Original&lt;/strong&gt; code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    textbox = self.browser.find_element_by_id('query')&#xA;    textbox.send_keys(search_phrase)&#xA;    findb = self.browser.find_element_by_id('findbutton')&#xA;    findb.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution&lt;/strong&gt; example code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;with requests.session() as session:&#xA;    resp = session.post(PRODUCT_URL + &quot;/login&quot;, data={'user_id': USERID,&#xA;                                             'password': PASSWORD}).read()&#xA;    resp2 = session.post(PRODUCT_URL + &quot;/project/&quot; + PROJECTID +&#xA;                   &quot;/search/save&quot;, data={'query': QUERY,&#xA;                                         'title': str(val)})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T19:00:59.563" Title="Less &quot;hackish&quot; way to do fast input (faster send_keys) in WebDriver besides JavaScript execution?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2275" CreationDate="2011-12-28T10:13:50.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me this appears to be slightly at odds with the purpose of Selenium(Webdriver) which is to imitate user interactions. It may be that you need to take a step back and analyse what the test is looking to achieve (I cannot be sure but it looks like you may not need the UI interaction for this test as it does not seem to be user focused; unless you want to imitate copy and paste of large strings by users?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you looked at running this test without selenium? Perhaps by popuating the URI with the strings from a DB or CSV, making the http request within your language of choice and validating the response. In my experience this will make it much faster to complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This C# example returns the results of a web request in XML format that can then be parsed and have assertions made against it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public XmlDocument NavigateToURI()&#xA;    {&#xA;        //Text string to populate in URI. &#xA;        //This could also populate from a CSV of DB and run as a for each loop&#xA;        string parameter = **********&#xA;        string URI = //Build up the URI here including the parameter you want to test&#xA;        HttpWebRequest request;&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(path);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception ex)&#xA;        { throw ex; }&#xA;&#xA;        string results = string.Empty;&#xA;        XmlDocument doc;&#xA;&#xA;        // Capture the response&#xA;        using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())&#xA;        {&#xA;            Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();&#xA;&#xA;            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8);&#xA;            results = reader.ReadToEnd();&#xA;&#xA;            doc = new XmlDocument();&#xA;&#xA;            // Read the response into an XML Document             &#xA;            doc.LoadXml(results);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return doc;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1545" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T10:13:50.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2277" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2279" CreationDate="2011-12-28T15:48:00.647" Score="17" ViewCount="53510" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm attempting to create some selenium tests for a website that requires windows authentication.  I got my first test up and running fairly easily, but it pauses as soon as the system prompts for credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to provide these credentials that will still allow me to run the tests across all the major browsers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1631" LastActivityDate="2020-04-18T04:16:46.000" Title="Using Selenium Webdriver with Windows Authentication" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2011-12-28T22:16:18.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ended up creating a custom profile for Firefox and adding the AutoAuth addon.  Not particularly elegant but it works.  Credit goes to the following blog post:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codemiller.com/post/5923640143/overcoming-auth-pop-ups&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.codemiller.com/post/5923640143/overcoming-auth-pop-ups&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1631" LastActivityDate="2011-12-28T22:16:18.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2238" CreationDate="2011-12-29T11:35:40.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use unit testing framework &lt;strong&gt;Test:units&lt;/strong&gt; then yes it have naming conventions. You can read more from &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pg-server.csc.ncsu.edu/mediawiki/index.php/CSC/ECE_517_Fall_2010/ch1_1f_TU#Test%3a%3aUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test::Unit&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2011-12-29T11:35:40.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2281" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-29T18:14:40.430" Score="3" ViewCount="5402" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I type a keyword (&quot;Documents 1.xml&quot;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;documentSelect_enter&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Documents 1.xml&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this field:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;documentSelect_enter&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; style=&quot;width: 300px&quot; /&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;img id=&quot;documentSelect_enterwait&quot; src=&quot;/devstaging/img/ajax_process.gif&quot; style=&quot;display: none&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;documentSelect_enteroptions&quot; class=&quot;autocompleter&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    Event.observe($('documentSelect_enter'), 'keypress', function(event){ if(event.keyCode == Event.KEY_ENTER) return false; }, true);&#xA;&#xA;    function documentSelect_updateElement(li){&#xA;        var id = li.readAttribute('id');&#xA;        if (id != 'noresults'){&#xA;            $('theForm:documentSelect_picker').value = id;&#xA;            $('theForm:documentSelect_add').click();&#xA;            $('documentSelect_enter').value = '';&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    function documentSelect_actionButton(){&#xA;        if(false){&#xA;            $('theForm:documentSelect_addAction').click();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    document.documentSelect_multiPicker =  new Ajax.Autocompleter('documentSelect_enter', 'documentSelect_enteroptions', &quot;/devstaging/multiPickerResults?p=name&amp;amp;t=Document&amp;amp;subsetOf=&amp;amp;label=label&quot;, {paramName: &quot;q&quot;, updateElement: documentSelect_updateElement, indicator: &quot;documentSelect_enterwait&quot;});&#xA;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;theForm:documentSelect_add&quot; name=&quot;theForm:documentSelect_add&quot; onclick=&quot;A4J.AJAX.Submit('_viewRoot','theForm',event,{'oncomplete':function(request,event,data){documentSelect_actionButton();},'parameters':{'theForm:documentSelect_add':'theForm:documentSelect_add'} ,'actionUrl':'/devstaging/pca/batch/add'} );return false;&quot; style=&quot;display: none&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;theForm:documentSelect_addAction&quot; name=&quot;theForm:documentSelect_addAction&quot; onclick=&quot;A4J.AJAX.Submit('_viewRoot','theForm',event,{'parameters':{'theForm:documentSelect_addAction':'theForm:documentSelect_addAction'} ,'actionUrl':'/devstaging/pca/batch/add'} );return false;&quot; style=&quot;display: none&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;theForm:documentSelect_picker&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;theForm:documentSelect_picker&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;theForm:documentSelect_zone&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;theForm:documentSelect_noselections&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it returns a list of 4 items, from which I should select the top one. But I can't click on that top item with Selenium WebDriver. I use FireBug and it doesn't give me any hooks for it. When I try to hover over it with firebug &quot;inspect&quot;, the list disappears or doesn't return any &quot;hooks&quot; (xpath, id, css etc). How do I make the WebDriver to select it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1801" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-07T22:38:54.037" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T21:25:32.807" Title="How to get XPath of a list element generated by AJAX?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2281" CreationDate="2011-12-29T18:53:48.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to use &lt;code&gt;By.XPath(&quot;//input[@id=\&quot;documentSelect_enter\&quot;]&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;.  I'm not sure what you mean by &quot;returns AJAX list of 4 items&quot;.  I may not be understanding your question correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-05-03T13:30:44.150" LastActivityDate="2013-05-03T13:30:44.150" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2011-12-29T22:06:47.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a regulated environment (e.g., medical devices regulated by &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FDA&lt;/a&gt;), &quot;quality assurance&quot; really doesn't have a lot to do with software testing.  The Quality Assurance organization oversees all aspects of product development (hardware, software, chemistry) and ensures that nothing is released which doesn't adhere to the company's quality system.  In a regulated environment, software testing is more typically referred as &quot;software validation&quot; (job title of &quot;software validation engineer&quot; is common).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T09:21:23.153" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T09:21:23.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2264" CreationDate="2011-12-30T04:10:36.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes this is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried in the below way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I logged into the defects module of XYZ project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Made sure the below options are checked in the view tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grid Filters&#xA;Indicator Columns&#xA;Favorite Bar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Carried the below steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click on Filter/Sort -&gt; Set Filter/Sort&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the fields in the defect module are shown in the Filter condition tab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each field has a filter condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I selected column1 with condition(value) 60.&#xA;I selected column2 with condition(value) passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This returned only rows having column1 field as 60 and column2 field as passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please feel free to extend discussion if not clear I will be happy to assist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Srihari&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1772" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T04:10:36.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1425" CreationDate="2011-12-30T15:18:08.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems like if there are requirements around the installation, then it's a functional test.  If there's a user story which includes the installation, then it's a functional test.  Lacking those, it's a non-functional test which needs to be covered when considering all of those other non-functional aspects of the application under test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, Squirrel makes a good point in that it really doesn't matter as long as it's done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T15:18:08.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2288" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-30T19:49:20.963" Score="0" ViewCount="1130" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dear Developers and QA, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to ask a very simple question, but it is very important for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, consider the following test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I enter the search phrase “Hello World” into the Google Search&#xA;  box Then the Google’s search page title should contain the string&#xA;  “Hello World”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you implement this verification (assertion) in the unit test code? &#xA;Please, post your code samples in &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; programming languages you like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance,&#xA;Dmitry &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T23:57:35.753" Title="How to check that some string contains a substring in the unit test code?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1703" CreationDate="2011-12-30T21:19:57.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to take a crack at answering the last question regarding the most appropriate tool to use. Inevitably, most companies have already made investments in some form of automation already. These are mostly shell scripts, that run some custom application, and then parse the output. When you choose a tool, the tool will come with its own reporting infrastructure, that often assumes it is being introduced into a vacuum. It is important to choose a tool, that can easily coexist (i.e. report into) with your planning and reporting infrastructure. Automated tests can produce lots of data (not just pass/fail, but also more interesting stuff about the testing conditions), that are useful to store and analyze later. This is, what I would term the next stage of automation maturity. When selling to management, it is important to show the benefits of having long term access to this data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1811" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T21:19:57.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2288" CreationDate="2011-12-30T23:57:35.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find it hard to believe that this is a unit test (unit being single function/method). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems more like a basic functional test through the user interface. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Sam says there are many ways this can be done and different levels to &quot;intercept&quot; or get the &quot;result.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WRT language, C# and Java have a method called string.Contains, and C++ has string.find. I am sure other languages have similar methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T23:57:35.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2295" CreationDate="2012-01-01T19:23:30.960" Score="6" ViewCount="792" Body="&lt;p&gt;There appear to be very few tools out there specifically aimed at managing charters for exploratory testing sessions.  If you're using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/sbtm/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SBTM&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/503&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;TBTM&lt;/a&gt;, how do you manage your charters? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the things I'd expect to gain from organising our test charters would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easily track what charters have been completed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;track how many new charters have been added as a result of discoveries from previous&#xA;sessions &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enable both testers, and others to add new charters covering new areas of risk, or add potential resources to existing charters. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;show type of session (e.g. is it a reconnaissance session, bug finding, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;visible to the rest of the project team (not just testers) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enable clear prioritisation of test charters, with input from stakeholders&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What tools have you found useful, what did you gain from them, and what factors do you think affected how useful they were (i.e. would you have found the same benefits in a different context)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T09:45:41.557" Title="How do you organise and manage testing charters?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;sbtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2296" CreationDate="2012-01-01T19:47:40.750" Score="14" ViewCount="4604" Body="&lt;p&gt;Session-based exploratory testing depends on creating good test charters at the right level of detail to guide the tester, without directing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to make the goal of the session clear, without being either too generic (so it's not clear what the intended focus of the session should be), or being overly directive, thus limiting the tester's ability to design their own tests in response to what they're discovering.  For testers who have primarily worked in a script-heavy environment, it's often difficult to avoid falling into the trap of creating &quot;fake&quot; charters that are really just test cases in disguise. To me, writing clear, succinct test charters for sessions is one of the hardest skills I've had to learn with exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are an experienced exploratory tester, what attributes make a good test charter for you? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you use any common patterns to help you to structure your charters? Are there any common failure patterns you notice in bad test charters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2021-04-27T11:55:51.810" Title="How do you write clear, succinct test charters for exploratory testing sessions?" Tags="&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;sbtm&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2293" CreationDate="2012-01-02T01:38:20.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to diagram the entities and relationships of the system (or aspect of the system) I plan to test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes when I am stuck on a problem, the act of explaining it to someone else allows me to become unstuck.  The other person may not need to say a word; it is my presenting the problem that causes the solution to reveal itself.  Similarly, diagramming can uncover new testing ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T01:38:20.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2292" CreationDate="2012-01-02T08:01:42.747" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to keep things simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work with a small team of testers and programmers. We like to keep things lightweight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For managing charters and information flow, I use a spreadsheet and a whiteboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I categorize charters by product area. I haven't found getting more detailed than that to be useful to me (or others). I name charter files by their product area and a number. Sometimes I'll add 'recon', especially if in the early stages of a project where the useful deliniations of product area may not yet be clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ProjectRecon-01&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ProductAreaA-01&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ProductAreaA-02&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ProductAreaB-01&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ProdcutAreaC-01&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The excel file I keep has the following columns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Charter name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Charter (I paste the actual charter description here so it's clear what the intention  - of the charter is)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority (High, Normal, Low)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Date Executed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Executed by (testers name and anyone else involved goes here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debriefed by (generally my name goes here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I follow a rule of thumb that a charter description should be short enough to tweet. That helps me keep in mind how much can be covered in a 2-hour period and has the added benefit of helping it fit neatly in the spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I keep the spreadsheet and charters on a shared network drive. I don't bother with version control, but I suppose you could if you wanted to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't force developers or management to read charters, though I certainly invite them to. I will often mail completed charters to specific programmers if the testers have found something they would be interested in knowing about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do encourage testers to approach developers immediately upon finding an issue to see if we can resolve it on the spot. Anything that can be, is. Anything else goes in the bug tracker. Either way it gets recorded in the session log. This works for us. YMMV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use the whiteboard along the lines of James Bach's low-tech dashboard. I divide the project into logical areas and summarize the findings of testing so far in each of them. The whiteboard is in a visible place so that at any time, anyone interested can get a drive-by update of testing progress. I update management and our product team verbally and occasionally via email whenever there is anything noteworthy to report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't found any need to do anything more complex than this. I think it would add extra overhead for no gain that I can see. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My testers are in constant communication about what they are working on. We communicate regularly about priorities and any changes that crop up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose that if I had a much larger team that I might need to modify things a bit, but probably not all that much. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastEditorUserId="128" LastEditDate="2012-01-06T09:45:41.557" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T09:45:41.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2293" CreationDate="2012-01-02T08:24:16.897" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may find yourself tempted to write out a bunch of charters early on to show management types so that it doesn't look like you're sitting on your hands. Resist this urge if you find it upon you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no real need to overcomplicate charters. If start a session and you realize the scope is overambitious, modify the scope and note down whatever new charters that you think may be necessary based on the new information you've discovered as a result of your testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found in practice that it's tougher to create charters early on in a project (especially a greenfield project), so I look at recon charters up-front to discover which areas are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;complex&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;buggy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;incomplete or otherwise diverge greatly from what we expect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also like to use mindmaps to put together a checklist of areas of the product we want to explore, as well as types of testing that we might want to employ. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the answers to these, combined with whatever other risk analysis we've done, you can start to nail down what your divisions should be and what charters you may need to create for the moment and prioritize those as appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heuristics that I use to guide charter creation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A charter should be brief enough to tweet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do recon until you know specifically what you want to explore further.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other factors that may affect how you put your charters together is the experience of your testers. If you have inexperienced testers though, you're probably better off pairing them with a more experienced tester and have them guide the novice tester through the charter. That's getting a little off topic though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="128" LastActivityDate="2012-01-02T08:24:16.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2264" CreationDate="2012-01-02T10:24:13.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I know there is no possibility with the built-in GUI filter function as all filter conditions are combined with AND. But you can help yourself with Excel reports and writing your own SQL statements. This is very helpful, especially if you like to do something more sophisticated like metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very minimalistic example would be following. It selects all tests, which are &lt;strong&gt;either&lt;/strong&gt; 'ready' &lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt; the responsible user is 'pfarrhor':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT TS_NAME&#xA;     , TS_STATUS&#xA;     , TS_RESPONSIBLE&#xA;  FROM TEST&#xA; WHERE TS_STATUS = 'Ready'&#xA;    OR TS_RESPONSIBLE = 'pfarrhor'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details about the DB-tables and -fields you will find in the &quot;Database Reference&quot;, which is linked on the page &quot;Help / Documentation Library&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1817" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-05T19:28:38.627" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T19:28:38.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2298" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2011-12-30T19:26:27.270" Score="2" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project that has a fair amount of daily bug/design changes that are minor but need to be tested in all major browsers / OSs. Does anyone know of a way to make this easier? It really is quite painfully to manually test...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least IE allows me to test w/ older versions of their browser via the developers tools. How do they accomplish this? Do they emulate their older browsers w/ javascript?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can a browser's default behavior be emulated with CSS? So that I can see how something will look in IE by loading an ie.css in my chrome browser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Alex Waters" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-06-14T00:30:48.000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:38:37.570" Title="Is there an easy way to do Compatibility QA testing for web app?" Tags="&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2298" CreationDate="2011-12-30T20:03:11.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to stop manual testing then you are going to have to invest some effort into automating your tests. The cost of creating such tests can be measured against the time saved from manual testing and the assurance that your project / site is working from a user perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UI Acceptance Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not a hard task to create automated UI acceptance tests that are driven by either Selenium / Watir / Watin. Keep in mind that automated UI acceptance tests generally test the functionality from a user perspective vs the look and feel of the CSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cross Browser CSS Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, there are multiple tools for the job and you will need to pick one that works for you. For example here are several you can review:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.browserstack.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://crossbrowsertesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://crossbrowsertesting.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://browsershots.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Jesse" LastActivityDate="2011-12-30T20:03:11.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-03T11:15:34.077" Score="4" ViewCount="2777" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing a strange problem with my selenium webdriver qa automation project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FindElementByXPath(element); seems to work fine when running it in my local machine but then does not work when i try to run the same code on test controller machine. Actually it runs fine when you see the tests running on the test controller machine and if you minimize the test controller window it fails the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application uses telerik rad grids. I have implemented a code to right click on grid header. After right clicking on the grid header i am supposed to click on Reset Columns from the context menu. But in this case FindElementByXPath(resetElement); does not work. It works when you view it but does not work when minimize the mstsc window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error shown is Open.QA.Selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Cannot click on element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I solve this ??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1822" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T18:27:50.683" Title="Selenium Web-driver tests failing in Test-Controller machine when its not viewed" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2301" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-03T11:41:17.027" Score="2" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing web application migrations to newer servers, what kinds of gotchya's should I be looking out for.  I think that I have a pretty good handle on most of the testing, however, I have this sinking feeling that I'm missing something.  As for the technology being used, it's mostly ASP classic with a little bit of .NET, so, obviously on a windows infrastruture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T14:57:17.293" Title="Web Application server migration" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1463" CreationDate="2012-01-03T12:56:52.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[SetUp]&#xA;public void SetupTest()&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA; FirefoxProfile SeleniumProf = new FirefoxProfile(@&quot;C:\location of your custom profile&quot;);&#xA; driver = new FirefoxDriver(SeleniumProf);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't need to declare the binary. It works for me and I'm using FireFox 9 on Windows 7&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1823" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T12:33:23.220" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T12:33:23.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2301" CreationDate="2012-01-03T14:52:05.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two things come to head about new server migration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New server environment (version differences can lead to incorrectly working application (deprecated methods, new environment bugs and so on));&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorrect new server configuration;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T14:52:05.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2301" CreationDate="2012-01-03T14:57:17.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to consider what is changing, and what is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Newer hardware, but unchanged software?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Newer software?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Applications changes, too?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any configuration changes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T14:57:17.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2305" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-03T15:13:55.150" Score="4" ViewCount="1835" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for some statistical data on the success and failure of system test automation projects. I'm especially interested in the reasons of failed approaches. Can anyone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="869" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T20:22:53.623" Title="Statistics about Success of Test Automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2305" CreationDate="2012-01-03T16:04:20.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It not clear what exactly you looking: automating testing framework itself or tool for specific framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think testing framework &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fitnesse&lt;/a&gt; have nice wiki system with pretty reports. But personally I prefer to use Selenium + JUnit.&#xA;Failed approaches can be described in any way you want. Just need ask developer to implement &lt;em&gt;prettyLog&lt;/em&gt; method. Method which handle and records all errors/exceptions in your way.&#xA;For myself I split my tests into small function parts and if one part fail I easily can figure out what was wrong. If it necessary I can write custom message depend by caught error/exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T16:04:20.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2305" CreationDate="2012-01-03T17:26:45.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I couldn't find any figures specifically for test automation projects. For software projects in general the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pmhut.com/the-chaos-report-2009-on-it-project-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CHAOS Report 2009&lt;/a&gt; gives these figures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4V2wU.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T17:26:45.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2293" CreationDate="2012-01-03T20:59:59.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just started using session based testing in place of scripted test cases.&#xA;My charters have been fairly simple so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The area of the feature to be tested, and how I plan to test. (Functional, performance..)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any changes to this area since last session. (Has a bug been corrected? Could it impact other areas?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Limitations, ie. I know of a piece that is still in progress, so anything in that area may not be complete, and bugs should be evaluated with that in mind. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Structuring my charters in this manner has allowed me to follow any bread crumb trail that might occur, while also guiding me in a 'user story' manner.  I document &lt;em&gt;what I actually did&lt;/em&gt; in far more detail than I previously did using this approach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T20:59:59.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2305" CreationDate="2012-01-03T22:06:01.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think of the Test Automation as any other Software Project. &#xA;The reasons of fail are the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please consider the following article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://adante.ca/hardp/?p=57&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://adante.ca/hardp/?p=57&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T22:06:01.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2305" CreationDate="2012-01-03T23:49:57.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are willing to dig, I suspect you will find some relevant statistics by seaching through Dr. Atif Memon's publications (and their respective references) at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.umd.edu/~atif/publications.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cs.umd.edu/~atif/publications.shtml&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-03T23:49:57.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2317" CreationDate="2012-01-04T04:28:23.707" Score="3" ViewCount="560" Body="&lt;p&gt;An acquaintance of mine is building a website for his (non-profit) organization. Since I'm currently an automated tester on a desktop-based application, I thought I could help him do some web testing. I don't have much experience in web testing but I'm aware of a few different areas of web testing like user experience, security, and performance. The site will be built from basically scratch, and I won't be writing any of the code on the front- or back-end (at this point anyway). I'm definitely interested in creating some automated test scripts using Selenium but how should I approach testing a web site that's brand new? Are there any generally good approaches for preparing to test in such a situation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Although I'd like to create some automated tests using Selenium, I'm not definitely not going down a &quot;automation-only&quot; or &quot;Selenium-only&quot; route. Any testing directions or ideas would be appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="346" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T17:32:14.850" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T03:51:42.193" Title="Plans For Testing a Web Application Before The Site Is Built" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;planning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2224" CreationDate="2012-01-04T06:22:54.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#dependent-methods&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testNG Dependency&lt;/a&gt; feature for this. This would make sure that your methods run in a predefined order. You are also not relying on XML configuration order. Plus it will run fine with testNG eclipse plugin also. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T06:22:54.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2313" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2319" CreationDate="2012-01-04T07:35:31.097" Score="4" ViewCount="254" Body="&lt;p&gt;My title explained it all. I have a site to be tested which has almost 100 million lines of codes. This site hasn't been tested yet. I don't know what type of testing should I start with. Should I start with some automation or manual testing? I thought of testing with QTP, but before that thought of consulting with the greatest experienced tester community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1600" LastEditorUserId="2836" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T23:16:01.617" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T23:16:01.617" Title="What type of testing should I be starting with for a big PHP site?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2311" CreationDate="2012-01-04T08:05:55.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation frameworks like Selenium trying to imitate regular web application user. So try use your experience with web application to create test cases based on web application user actions. Create as much as possible automated test which imitate user behavior with web application, but keep in mind that tests should be write and organize in way which makes easy to update and maintaining these tests in future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T08:05:55.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2313" CreationDate="2012-01-04T08:51:44.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You (or better application owner) should split application into function zones/features by priority. Proper organize your tests which makes easier maintain them. Type of testing depend on application itself. Some application behavior is more efficient to test with automated tests (especially when it be planed to repeat test time to time). But there can be web application features which could be not efficient to test with automated tests (hard to write automated tests for it or it takes lots time). So in reality mixed testing styles often used. Which automated testing framework you choice depend of your personal experience and needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T08:51:44.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2313" CreationDate="2012-01-04T12:42:57.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;100 million (codes? lines? or something else?) and the site hasn't been tested at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should consider some manual functional testing first. No sense in looking at automation if you aren't even sure the site works at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know the requirements? Is it at least clear what the site should be doing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-01-04T14:03:07.967" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T14:03:07.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2311" CreationDate="2012-01-04T15:34:39.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At such an early stage a good first step may be to arrange with the developer(s) who will be working on the UI and asking for little things to ease the testability of the site with automation tools e.g. Relevant identifiers on the web page elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically addressing User Experience, Security and performance you may not be particularly well served by Selenium, I primarily use Selenium for user functional testing when I don't have access to a web service layer or need to interact with the UI to mimic a user action. UX I find is best tested manually as it is related to look and feel and user flow that is very subjective and hard to automate for. Selenium is also not designed for performance testing (Jmeter is an Open Source tool you might want to look into for performance testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you already have an automation background it may be worth looking into ways people have created maintainable Web test suites with Selenium one popular example is page objects/page object pattern. Although you may already have design patterns you are familiar with and would prefer to use.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1545" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T15:34:39.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2313" CreationDate="2012-01-04T20:29:36.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, who are you testing it for? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do they want to know, in general? What kind of decisions will they make as a result of the information you find for them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What oracles do you have - i.e. what can you use to help you understand when you might be seeing a problem? Don't get too stuck on &quot;requirements&quot; - if it's never been tested ever ever, then I doubt you have any. Think laterally - you could make use of people like product owners, users or support staff who you can ask about desired behaviour, documentation such as help guides, comparison with competitor's sites (industry standards), and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have anyone else to help you with this testing? Are there any tools that you can use to help you, and what kind of testing environments do you have available, if any?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How soon does your client want to get this information? And in what form? And how often? If they're not too sure, you might want to suggest that you start out by giving them a sample report quite early, and then they can figure out what they like and don't like and let you know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is an investigation: if you don't know what your client wants, or worse, if your client doesn't know what they want - you have little hope of providing them with useful information. Figure out your mission first: I use my own mnemonic to help guide my questions, SORT (Scope, Oracles, Resources, Time) - you might notice that's how I've structured the questions above. If the client has never had any experience of testing before, you may need to guide them a little by suggesting options. Whatever you do, it's essential to ensure that you review with them on a regular basis to make sure they're still happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For any testing project, you should be starting off by discovering this kind of information. If you have that, let us know. If you don't have it - go find out! (You can begin testing once you know some of it - it's likely to be a gradual process and you'll probably uncover more and more as you go, but if you don't know ANY of the above, you should be talking to your client.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T20:29:36.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2313" CreationDate="2012-01-04T20:55:32.163" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;With something like this, that's huge and has no prior testing, I'd say that your first priority would be exploration (most likely manual) to both gather information and to determine the best approach to build regression for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd approach this way: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual exploration, focusing on independent clusters of functionality and testable material. Some of the things I'd look for include data validations (how they're handled, whether they need to be tested at multiple levels such as web-front, database, etc), interfaces between modules, common navigation and process flows, areas that fit the 80/20 rule (the 20% of the application that will be used by 80% of users).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prioritize modules/function clusters/process flows (depending on the nature of your application, any of these could be the most sensible base for your regression test cases - I work a lot with point of sale software, so a process flow based around &quot;sell something&quot; is my most common test case) - you probably want to work with a subject matter expert to determine this. Also seek out areas with the biggest potential return on automation time. No matter what there will be a large up-front cost to automating, so choosing high-priority test cases that are a) mission critical, b) relatively simple to automate, and c) have a high regression risk is a way to strategize (an example from my experience - the software I test has to support tax rules in multiple different countries. The short-form tax regression automation is in two separate automation projects and runs for a total of 16 hours. The same regression would consume 5 testers for over a week and be much less accurate - but it took a LONG time to build and generating accurate baselines was pure misery. That said, it's saved my bacon often enough to be worth every minute of development).&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose a tool that makes sense with the application you're working with. There are numerous excellent tools for web application testing, but given the size of the application and the use of PHP, I'd guess there's other interfacing involved, such as databases. You want your tool to access that as well, both to store test data (reading a text file also works for this. I'm working with test harness in the form of a relational database built in CSV files, and a data store that's its own relational database in CSV files). If it can reliably do what you need, then any tool is good - but you need to make sure you (and anyone else involved) knows how to use it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mix exploratory testing and building of automated tests within each module in turn, starting with the top priority and working down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most important, make sure that everyone you're working with knows this is not going to be fast, easy, or cheap (if only in terms of time invested). You need to make sure the people you're working with know what to expect in terms of increased complexity generating increased testing and automation time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T20:55:32.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2323" CreationDate="2012-01-04T21:10:52.950" Score="5" ViewCount="157" Body="&lt;p&gt;With every unit testing text I get my hands on comes a little different terminology and more or less different definitions of various fake object types. I find that a lot of this differentiation is too theoretical to be of value in daily practice and I tend to simplify it all to mocks and stubs in the following way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stubs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are fake objects which replace and supplement dependencies of the unit under test to make the testing of the unit possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;should not break the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mocks&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are fake objects with set expectations about how the unit under test should behave and are asserted to verify these expectations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can break the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a good way to simplify or am I missing some important points here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it enough to only talk about stubs and mocks, or are there some other, equally important, base fake types that we work with regularly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't need to consider any other fakes and these simple definitions are enough for me while working with unit tests on daily basis, but this can be because unit testing is not being taken too seriously at my environment. So I have this feeling that I may not be getting it right and would like to clear up my understanding before I grow some bad habits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1784" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T13:27:14.187" Title="Is this a good simplification of fake object types?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2212" CreationDate="2012-01-04T22:19:52.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;your idea is great but has a big flaw : What if you prepare your training and the makers of the game update it the day before, fixing the bugs ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a solution : You should find an open source game which you could download, and then run a controlled version hosted by yourself. You could even add bugs yourself and provide an &quot;update&quot; in mid-course to check for improvments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking for &quot;open source browser games&quot; in google, I found them hard to find because a lot are down. But I managed to find this one : &lt;a href=&quot;http://thunderdome.aatraders.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://thunderdome.aatraders.com/&lt;/a&gt; (source here : &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/aatrade/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sourceforge.net/projects/aatrade/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1836" LastActivityDate="2012-01-04T22:19:52.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2320" CreationDate="2012-01-04T23:59:42.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I infer from your last paragraph that you started automated unit testing recently and you are unsure whether you are practicing it correctly.  You are unable to seek advise from anyone in your environment, and even after consulting some books, you worry that you may develop bad habits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe your stubs/mocks dichotomy is as good as it needs to be.  I have seen bloggers who advocate lots of stubbing/mocking. In my work, stubs/mocks are usually more trouble than they are worth, so I rarely use them.  Whether you need them will depend upon the kind of software you are trying to test.  Before asking, &quot;Which should I use here: a stub or a mock?&quot;, first ask, &quot;Can I get by without a stub/mock?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find more advice on mocks at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=mock&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=mock&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of what you do, you will develop bad habits.  We all do, because it is part of the learning process.  A bad habit for an experienced practitioner may even be a good habit for a beginner.  The way to overcome bad habits is to pay attention to what you practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now go write some tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Edit)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's been a few years since I wrote that answer and I've changed my mind about whether mocks are a good use of time.  A good mocking framework can let you write tests that are simpler and more reliable than they would be without mocks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T13:27:14.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2320" CreationDate="2012-01-05T00:22:20.750" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your summaries are fine.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alas, I don't think they'll help you avoid confusion when you talk to other people.&#xA;If people in a conversation are using the words differently,&#xA;you'll have to sort out the meanings,&#xA;and injecting my own summaries never seems to help.&#xA;Sorting the meanings is always a negotiation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fortunately,&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;for most conversations it isn't necessary to make the distinctions&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;(either the subtle ones or the gross ones)&#xA;among various kinds of test doubles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For those cases where the distinctions are useful,&#xA;I recommend the taxonomy of &quot;test doubles&quot;&#xA;that Gerard Meszaros describes&#xA;in his popular and very useful book &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131495054&quot;&gt;xUnit Test Patterns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, pp 133&amp;#8211;139.&#xA;Gerard offers these terms, with definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dummy Object&lt;/strong&gt;: an object that is passed but never actually used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Stub&lt;/strong&gt;: an object used to inject indirect inputs into the SUT&amp;#8212;that is, an object from which the SUT obtains inputs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mock Object&lt;/strong&gt;: an object that compares actual calls received against defined expectations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fake Object&lt;/strong&gt;: an object that replaces the functionality of a real collaborator with an alternative implementation for test purposes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that these are my summaries of Gerard's definitions. I recommend going to the source. The book is awesome. And given the relative popularity and widespread awareness of Gerard's taxonomy, it's as close to an authoritative standard as you're ever likely to find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These days,&#xA;I prefer not to bother trying to fit various test doubles into categories.&#xA;Instead,&#xA;I focus on &lt;strong&gt;what role I want the double to fulfill&lt;/strong&gt; in my tests.&#xA;See my blog post on the subject: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cwd.dhemery.com/2005/04/faking/&quot;&gt;&quot;The Unbearable Lightness of Faking&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;And please forgive my non-standard use of the term &lt;em&gt;faking&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T00:22:20.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2311" CreationDate="2012-01-05T00:34:05.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Find out what qualities are important and make sure these are tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;How many users and what is their usage ? Answers to this will help work out your approach to performance testing, it might not be needed&#xA;Will the website take payments ? Store personal details - answers to these will help determine the level of security testing &#xA;Which browsers are going to be supported ? This determines how much - or little - compatability testing is required&#xA;Accessebility testing - any requirements for the level of support the website should offer ?&#xA;etc etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T00:34:05.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2325" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-05T00:41:11.743" Score="4" ViewCount="5945" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone know how to fix intermittent 'Access is denied' errors when trying to .quit() Chrome in Selenium WebDriver tests? It's happening about 1 in 10 times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the traceback:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;  File &quot;C:\blah.py&quot;, line 30, in blah_test&#xA;    self.browser.quit()&#xA;  File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-2.15.0-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\chrome\webdriver.&#xA;py&quot;, line 62, in quit&#xA;    self.service.stop()&#xA;  File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-2.15.0-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\chrome\service.py&#xA;&quot;, line 94, in stop&#xA;    os.kill(self.process.pid, signal.SIGTERM)&#xA;WindowsError: [Error 5] Access is denied&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is (I've simplified it here):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;self.browser.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm on Windows 7 using latest ChromeDriver.exe (version 17 I think it is) and latest Selenium (2.15) and Python 2.7.x.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-07T07:09:21.103" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T07:09:21.103" Title="How to fix 'Access is denied' errors when trying to .quit() Chrome in Selenium WebDriver tests?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2311" CreationDate="2012-01-05T03:51:42.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the shabby usability of the average non-profit web site, you might consider donating your time in a different way: write a manual test plan so that your friend (or someone else) could look for bugs, and then run a few informal usability tests.  You might end up with a higher-quality site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T03:51:42.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2327" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2328" CreationDate="2012-01-05T16:52:27.580" Score="7" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am participating on the development of the web application which has several years of history behind it and there never was enough value and effort put on refactoring, so considerable part of the code base of this application really deserves to be marked as legacy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the work with the code base becomes tedious and a lot of these problems are acknowledged but are not being dealt with, people start to push forward unit testing as a possible remedy that would enforce better maintainable code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only a few members of the development team have some actual understanding of unit tests let alone experience with unit testing. Nevertheless these people are starting with unit testing on parts of the new code which is being written. These unit tests should become an example for other members of the development team and also a proof of value of unit testing to management and stakeholders. This way we would like to present unit testing to our colleagues in the best possible light and avoid the fail, which would most probably mean an end to all the unit testing efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence the question: Are there some well known nasty pitfalls to try to avoid at all costs when starting with unit testing on a &quot;legacy&quot; web application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1784" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2019-11-27T06:58:34.987" LastActivityDate="2019-11-27T06:58:34.987" Title="Are there some well known pitfalls to avoid when starting with unit testing on a &quot;legacy&quot; web application?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2327" CreationDate="2012-01-05T17:28:45.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure whether or not these qualify as &quot;well known&quot;, but they certainly qualify as &quot;nasty&quot; (and apply to any kind of application):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Global gobs: heavy reliance on global values for information, making it difficult to tell what modifies which variable where.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ball of spaghetti: everything is closely related to everything else, and when you change something in one place it does horrible and weird things to something you'd swear was completely unrelated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Breakout blues: You want to take something and put it into a unit-testable framework, but to do it you've got to break a chunk of code out of where it is and put it into an object or some other test-friendly structure. Also occurs where you're trying to send information to your new code but there's no sensible way to get it there without rewriting the legacy work. Usually occurs with ball of spaghetti and global gobs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We don't need no steenking objects!: Old code written and designed by people who had never heard of object-oriented design, and would have thought it was for wusses anyway. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a more serious note, you actually will get your best results from unit tests around new code the next time anything needs to be done with that code: the tests will tell you immediately if there's a problem with the changes. The end result is that the unit-tested code becomes the most stable and bug-free code in the system, but it does take some time for this to become obvious. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend you have a list of the problem areas of the application so you can point out that new problems aren't happening in the unit-tested code when you're trying to argue for increasing the amount of the application covered by unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other big thing you're going to need to push for is first modularizing then adding unit tests to the old code. Effectively, you'll need a process where any time anyone needs to do anything to the legacy code, they are expected to refactor it in such a way that unit tests can be easily added to it, and add those tests. That will gradually clean up the problems with the old code with a relatively limited impact - but it will also take a long time (exactly how long depends on how big the application is, and how intertangled it is).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T17:28:45.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2325" CreationDate="2012-01-05T18:02:14.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't run into that, but if it is a bug in Selenium, the easiest workaround would be to surround it in a try/catch and retry a few times.  I would follow up by asking (or searching for existing answers) whether it is a known issue on the Selenium users forum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-07T07:09:04.787" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T07:09:04.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2305" CreationDate="2012-01-05T20:22:53.623" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid I can't offer references or statistics, but I'm pretty sure you'll find that failures of test automation projects (and the reasons for them) fall into the following broad categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Heavy reliance on record/playback - this is notoriously fragile, but usually heavily sold by automation tool vendors. Automation projects failing because record/playback were used generally produce a whole lot of &quot;automation&quot; quickly, but are discontinued because after a few changes to the AUT, they're no longer functional.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unforeseen complexity - Most of the automation projects I've dealt with have taken longer than planned because critical AUT metadata was more difficult to find than reasonable expectations would have indicated. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shifting goalposts - any attempt to automate an unstable AUT - particularly one where the GUI hasn't settled - is likely to fail or at minimum consume much more time than intended. If the AUT changes rapidly, costs of maintaining even a well-designed automation framework become unsupportable. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resource crunch - there simply aren't enough test automation specialists to maintain the automation software and data and increase the automation code base.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't speak for anyone else, but the majority of the automation projects where I work did eventually complete and are actively maintained. The ones that have been deprecated are mostly for functions/features that are no longer supported, or have been replaced by a better iteration of the test automation application framework. (Where I work, we stretch the capacity of our automation tool (TestComplete) to its limits, and have built an object-oriented framework that runs the AUT and draws on a file-based database to determine the tests to run and a different file-based database for data. We use its record/playback features primarily to find ways to access the on-screen objects for programmatic manipulation. The result is that most of the maintenance I do happens on the older scripts that are pretty much glorified record/playback that hasn't been converted yet). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of inactive scripting projects, mostly ones where there hasn't been time available to finish them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this isn't really what you want, but I hope it helps point you towards what you're after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-01-05T20:22:53.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2213" CreationDate="2012-01-06T00:13:34.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a partial workaround in Ruby, which may lead you to the code you need; see &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=3154&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=3154&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Robin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1844" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T00:13:34.427" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2333" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-06T01:27:52.500" Score="9" ViewCount="42869" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium 2 2.16 build.  I've been running into problems where I get a variable response to a &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; call, where sometimes the click activates the behaviour behind the element (new page loads) and sometimes it does not.  As &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; doesn't return anything, I can't trap for those occurences where the driver doesn't go to a new page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a code snippet :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Find the User Profile Button&#xA;def userProfileButton = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;user&quot;))&#xA;assert userProfileButton.isEnabled()&#xA;assert userProfileButton.getText() == &quot;Facility Administrator&quot;&#xA;userProfileButton.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;)).click()&#xA;&#xA;// Check User Profile page loads&#xA;def userProfilePanel = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;profile-panel&quot;))&#xA;.... do some tests on the userProfilePanel&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am locating the link, checking it is enabled and has the right name, then clicking on it.  The next step will sometimes time out (I have the driver set to wait up to 10 seconds before timing out), as the new page is not loaded.  Other times, it works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The page in question is JavaScript based and using Ext JS to do the rendering of the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not the only case I have where the &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; is unreliable. Do other people have similar problems? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd prefer not to use the work around I've seen which is to call &lt;code&gt;sendkeys(Enter)&lt;/code&gt;, as I'd like to simulate the real user clicks and data entry if at all possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1465" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-06T14:48:33.970" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T10:45:53.003" Title="Selenium 2 element.click() is unreliable" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2334" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2335" CreationDate="2012-01-06T09:48:01.100" Score="12" ViewCount="10131" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have gone through the possible duplicate question,it was related to &lt;strong&gt;selenium webdriver&lt;/strong&gt; . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium IDE tool. Could you please suggest me some best PDFs and sites with Selenium tutorials for beginners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the two questions mentioned here were related to &lt;strong&gt;webdriver&lt;/strong&gt; and the answer overviews the selenium tool,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can anyone say the valid sources for learning selenium ide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1600" LastEditorUserId="2859" LastEditDate="2012-09-28T10:26:40.863" LastActivityDate="2012-09-28T13:23:02.597" Title="What are the best beginner tutorials for Selenium IDE " Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2012-01-06T16:22:14.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium Simplified&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T16:22:14.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2336" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2344" CreationDate="2012-01-06T19:01:20.367" Score="3" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a security measure, we are now filtering access to our web service methods only to a small subset of machines, by IP address. Since I am relatively new to the game of testing, I wanted to know if this kind of IP filtering was vulnerable to specific attacks, or what kind of pitfalls to test for using this IP filtering method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things I already know:&#xA;1. The web service is vulnerable to IP spoofing and DoS attacks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1090" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T12:50:28.377" Title="Ways to test Web Service security by IP filtering?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2333" CreationDate="2012-01-06T19:47:27.830" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Phrase &lt;em&gt;&quot;sometimes works sometimes not&quot;&lt;/em&gt; often means that Selenium tried to make an action when that action was unavailable at that time (the easiest method to check is to make long pauses before each action).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case I recommend for you to make your own custom method &lt;code&gt;WaitWhileProcessing&lt;/code&gt; which commands WebDriver to wait until full page is rendered. How you write that on your custom method depends on your web applications (sometimes you only need to wait until specific page element is loaded).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-18T23:10:44.897" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T23:10:44.897" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2012-01-06T20:04:40.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you already seen &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official selenium documentation&lt;/a&gt; but it good place to start. Since you do not specified  which  Selenium tool you what to learn. For example &lt;em&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Selenium with Web Driver&lt;/em&gt; is different tools and need different knowledge to use. While reading official documentation can help you to decide from which one begin learn.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastEditorUserId="1799" LastEditDate="2012-01-06T20:43:05.510" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T20:43:05.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2325" CreationDate="2012-01-06T20:21:51.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this issue is not related with Selenium itself, but with python on Windows 7 (since it falls on &lt;em&gt;os.kill&lt;/em&gt; method). How to fix it I don't have idea but there are some similar issues found while using words: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/?q=access%20denied%20process%20python%20windows%207&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;access denied process python windows 7&lt;/a&gt; on searching engine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-07T07:09:15.423" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T07:09:15.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2213" CreationDate="2012-01-06T20:40:43.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me suggest will be use custom Firefox profile. See how to create one on &lt;a href=&quot;http://girliemangalo.wordpress.com/2009/02/05/creating-firefox-profile-for-your-selenium-rc-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this web page&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2012-01-06T20:40:43.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2012-01-07T13:55:14.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you tried with &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/about/platforms.html#testing-frameworks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISFW&lt;/a&gt;? It provides powerful page concepts with selenium1 as well as selenium2/webdriver. The page defined in ISFW are not url based. For example, consider the page of user information. The page is the same but content will be different for different, ie. fname, lname, adderss. The url also be dynamic in such pages.&#xA;In ISFW all this thinks are taken care&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1511" LastActivityDate="2012-01-07T13:55:14.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2343" CreationDate="2012-01-07T17:06:33.947" Score="4" ViewCount="289" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team have recently decided to introduce Cucumber for our GUI automated checks. As it happens, we have people in the team who are very experienced with it, so I think we'll be fine, but it's made me curious about what resources are out there for testers without a resident cuke expert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What good resources are there for testers who are learning Cucumber and test automation for the first time, and may not have much programming experience &lt;em&gt;yet&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about for testers who have experience with other automation tools or know a little bit of programming, but no experience with Cucumber itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T23:04:05.850" Title="What good learning resources are there for testers who are new to Cucumber?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2342" CreationDate="2012-01-07T23:41:45.750" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's The Secret Ninja Cucumber Scrolls from Gojko - I started off with this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cuke4ninja.com/&quot;&gt;http://cuke4ninja.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently reading The Cucumber Book from Matt Wynne&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&quot;&gt;http://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RSpec book might also be useful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and a bunch of resources here&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mikbe.tk/2011/03/05/learning-cucumber-rspec/&quot;&gt;http://mikbe.tk/2011/03/05/learning-cucumber-rspec/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;( I have no experience with these so cannot give a recommendation )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-01-07T23:41:45.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2336" CreationDate="2012-01-08T09:39:12.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure that I understand your question. But I think if you want be sure that IP filtering works correctly you can test with proxy servers. However it is not easy to tell which security holes can exist on your web service without detail knowledge of this service itself, but you could search all possible web attacks and consult with web service developer/architect asking if specific attack type is technically possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T09:39:12.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2346" CreationDate="2012-01-08T19:25:57.310" Score="3" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently participate on the decision to pick a unit testing framework for a bigger long term project. NUnit, being an ubiquitous unit testing tool, would make it a natural choice for me, but not so long ago I did read some unit testing text shortly mentioning that &quot;NUnit is a dead project&quot;. The wording was not exactly like this but this was the impression it gave me and now this is bugging me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't remember where did I read this to check what it was saying exactly or if it had some credit. On NUnit web site I still see beta releases coming out, but I can't get rid of this unsure feeling now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;strong&gt;is NUnit a viable choice for a starting long term project these days?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1784" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T09:53:04.340" Title="Is NUnit a viable choice for a starting long term project these days?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2345" CreationDate="2012-01-08T22:32:35.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is NUnit a viable choice for a starting long term project these days?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt; because it is open source and even if there is no more further development for it you can use it and recomile it for a newer runtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can compare the maintanace situation with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://logging.apache.org/log4net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;log4net&lt;/a&gt; project that had very few updates in the last 5 years but is still the state of the art.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-01-08T22:32:35.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2347" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2351" CreationDate="2012-01-09T02:02:41.843" Score="1" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;While going through the current download list for Selenium I came across this text&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Java bindings for Selenium 2, including the WebDriver API and the Selenium RC clients. Download this if you plan on just using the client-side pieces of Selenium  &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone please elaborate on what does the client-side pieces of Selenium refer to? The reason for my question is that I am successfully able to start a driver/browser instance on my IDE (IntelliJ IDEA) referring to only the Selenium Server (SS) standalone JAR as the reference/dependency. That lead me to wonder on the purpose of the &quot;client-side&quot; pieces of Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am on a local machine &quot;LM&quot; with Firefox browser and I reference the SS standalone JAR as the dependency, then I am able to start a browser instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose if I want to start a Firefox instance on a remote machine &quot;RM&quot; (with SS standalone JAR placed). Can I fire up my test scripts from the local machine &quot;LM&quot; such that it starts the SS standalone JAR on the &quot;RM&quot;, keeping in mind that I have referred SS standalone JAR in my &quot;LM&quot; test scripts and not the &quot;client side&quot; pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1316" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-23T03:13:50.410" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T03:13:50.410" Title="Clarification sought on the bindings for Selenium 2 and their interaction if any with Selenium Server standalone JAR" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2348" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-09T11:45:03.593" Score="0" ViewCount="1450" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prepare a web interface that I could launch the WebDriver. I used servlet.java. I'm using JBoss application server, when I try to run it I receive the following exception &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;13:39:40,779 ERROR [[ArikTest]] Servlet.service() for servlet ArikTest threw exception&#xA;  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1358)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1204)&#xA;  at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(Unknown Source)&#xA;  at ArikTest.doGet(ArikTest.java:47)&#xA;  at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:690)&#xA;  at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter&#xA;  (ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)&#xA;  at org.jboss.web.tomcat.filters.ReplyHeaderFilter.doFilter(ReplyHeaderFilter.java:96)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter&#xA;  (ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:230)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175)&#xA;  at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityAssociationValve.invoke&#xA;  (SecurityAssociationValve.java:182)&#xA;  at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.JaccContextValve.invoke(JaccContextValve.java:84)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)&#xA;  at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.jca.CachedConnectionValve.invoke&#xA;  (CachedConnectionValve.java:157)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)&#xA;  at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:262)&#xA;  at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844)&#xA;  at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process&#xA;  (Http11Protocol.java:583)&#xA;  at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:446)&#xA;  at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE in response to @xeranos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for the quick reply, For your question, By the way I am not using maven. Here is an example of what I want to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if I choose right click --&gt; run as java application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Result: running fine, no problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT when I try to run it from a web application here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//servlet that receive a submit from a JSP page and i want the webdriver to start&#xA;&#xA;public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {&#xA;&#xA;    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,&#xA;          HttpServletResponse response)&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); &#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got the above exception, I used the JBOSS application server and I try to build a JSPnpage that with a click of a button the automation will start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible? Am I getting this error because I'm trying to run it above the Jboss server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1852" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T12:26:17.687" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T12:26:17.687" Title="Launching WebDriver from a servlet.java throws exception" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2348" CreationDate="2012-01-09T12:34:29.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you use &lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt; when creating Selenium project? Because it looks like you have problems with dependencies. All information you need for creating basic Selenium project can be founded on &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The easiest way to set up a Selenium 2.0 Java project is to use Maven. Maven will download the Java bindings (the Selenium 2.0 Java client library) and all its dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T01:57:22.617" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T01:57:22.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2347" CreationDate="2012-01-09T15:29:38.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, the documentation on the Selenium site is not as clear as it could be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you compare a jar listing of selenium-server-standalone-2.16.1.jar to a jar listing of the Java client library (selenium-java-2.16.1.jar), you will see that the former is a superset of the latter.  In other words, the client side pieces are included in the Selenium Server Standalone jar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your test runs on the same machine as your browser, all you need is the client-side piece: in your case, selenium-java-xxx.jar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to run a distributed test, where your test code runs on LM and the browser runs on RM, you need to run the Selenium Standalone Server jar on RM.  I do not remember whether you need the Selenium Standalone Server jar on LM, but it will be easy enough for you to find out. Your test code for a distributed test will probably be same as for a local test except for a little bit of initialization code.   See &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&lt;/a&gt; for more details.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-09T17:56:49.157" LastActivityDate="2012-01-09T17:56:49.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2348" CreationDate="2012-01-09T23:44:42.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question does not really have anything to do with testing.  You need to find someone who can tell you how to include the Selenium client pieces in a war (or ear?) file for JBoss.  Perhaps you should try posting your question at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T10:10:51.197" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T10:10:51.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1332" CreationDate="2012-01-10T09:41:44.383" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use the following three different locators in the project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath using Ajaxslt library&#xA;XPath using Javascript library&#xA;jQuery Selector&#xA;The tests are created from Tellurium Issues page and include three sets&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A series of test flow including issue search and issue data access&#xA;Similar to the first one but without group locating in UI modules&#xA;Access data from the issue table (limit the size to 20 rows and 10 columns)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/aost/wiki/TelluriumjQuerySelector&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/aost/wiki/TelluriumjQuerySelector&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to enable custom jQuery selectors in robotframework-seleniumlibrary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Library 2.3 introduces an ability to register and use a custom location strategy to locate elements on the website. The new strategy must be loaded by selenium-server.jar. This guide will explain how to enable location strategy based on jQuery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework-seleniumlibrary/wiki/jQueryElementSelectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework-seleniumlibrary/wiki/jQueryElementSelectors&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1853" LastEditorUserId="1853" LastEditDate="2012-01-10T10:36:52.407" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T10:36:52.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2313" CreationDate="2012-01-10T18:43:55.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other posters have made excellent points.  When you get to where you are ready to start adding automation to the web site testing, I have found WATIR to be extremely helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://watir.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1423" LastActivityDate="2012-01-10T18:43:55.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2366" CreationDate="2012-01-11T06:41:32.247" Score="1" ViewCount="197" Body="&lt;p&gt;Modifying the question based on Kate Paulk suggestion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a very interesting discussion on Data Validation using Automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have summarized Pros and Cons of Reusing Developer Database Queries in Automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Application Type&lt;/strong&gt; - OLTP Application with some Reporting Queries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PROS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If Application is stable, manually queries are verified. Developer DB queries can be used to verify data rendered is corrrect. Since we reuse developer query there is not exactly any data validation done by automation in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If a query is changed and automation results does not match then it means developer DB Query is changed&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CONS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the underlying Developer query is incorrect and we reuse the same in automation. Then we are not catching those defects&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the QA team member rewrites another set of queries for validating the data. There is a possibility this query also can be incorrect&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Personal Opinion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have done web service automation. I have written custom queries to validate web service results&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I support reuse of developer queries if they are validated by manual testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Question&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA; - I would like to hear from your automation experience. Do you write custom queries / reuse developer queries in your automation framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many thanks in advance for your opinion and sharing your experience&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T01:17:52.727" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T17:22:41.220" Title="Should I use custom queries or re-use developer queries in your automation framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2313" CreationDate="2012-01-11T09:10:16.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My first question would have to be why did you let it get to 100 million lines of code without testing anything so far?  Have any of your developers done any unit testing at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your developers have carried out some unit testing then you may be out of the starting blocks already. Build this up with some exploratory testing initially. Whilst you're doing that look at creating a more structured test plan which will allow you to prioritize your testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd agree with the post above that you could start by breaking the app down by functional area. Then talk to the developers and end users. From the end users get a feel for which parts of the application are most critical to them and which areas will be used most frequently. From the developers find out which areas/features of the code were the most complex to implement. From here you can list the functional areas by priority and risk. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've got a lot to do here. So if you can I'd engage the end users early in this too. That is assuming that they don't mind seeing the unfinished, untested product. If putting a poor quality product in front of the customer early on is likely to give you bad press then avoid this. However, if they don't mind helping out with a bit of feedback then it's another few pairs of hands to the pump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I'd steer well clear of automation until you've got a good manual test process in place first. If you don't understand what you're testing from a manual perspective automation will just add another layer of complexity. Wait till you've got a good feel for the application then you can start thinking about which areas of the application will be well served with automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you've got plans to get a good team of testers on board to help you with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="646" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T09:10:16.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2336" CreationDate="2012-01-11T12:50:28.377" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried to use some security test tools such as Web crawler? &#xA;you can find several tools on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;Or if you really want to test your security try BackTrack Linux  which contains lots of tools for these kind of testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.backtrack-linux.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.backtrack-linux.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T12:50:28.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-11T12:56:33.297" Score="3" ViewCount="846" Body="&lt;p&gt;I must test an application that you type 3 letters in a text box and pick an option from a generated list. &#xA;How can I  do this with Selenium IDE? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-11T20:55:26.483" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T14:12:33.567" Title="Selenium Select option from suggest box" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2360" CreationDate="2012-01-11T19:45:42.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That generated list can be implemented a number of different ways. The important thing to understand is that JavaScript will be executed as you are typing which will in turn update the DOM, modifying the HTML on the page. In order to get the HTML of the generated list, you would need to pull up the page in a browser, type in 3 letters and then while the list is displayed use the developer tools for that browser (or Firebug for Firefox) to view the HTML. It is then just a matter of identifying the element by either ID, or some other method and interacting with it, probably with the &lt;code&gt;Click&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-12T14:12:33.567" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T14:12:33.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2357" CreationDate="2012-01-11T19:55:38.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We generally manually validate a query (usually a stored procedure, not just a random query) first and do any testing related to it.  Once we have validated it, then we use some tools to compare results from old versions and new versions.  The tools we use are from Redgate.  It has a few tools to validate database schemas as well as validate results of queries.  It has an API and we have created a wrapper that we can use to exercise our queries and compare them build over build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also found this to be a useful, though high level article about data validation. It's more about how to approach the testing than specific tests, but it does contain some specific tests and has a lot of useful information: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg261774.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg261774.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T19:55:38.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2357" CreationDate="2012-01-11T22:35:51.780" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some points to consider regarding the first question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All automation requires maintenance.&lt;/strong&gt;  Every line of test code you write will have to be maintained.  That is a compelling reason to try to use someone else's code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated tests have bugs too.&lt;/strong&gt; In my experience, developers distrust automated tests because they are written by non-developers.  Automated tests (and tester-written queries) have bugs too, and every time you detect a problem, you have to ask whether the bug is in the test or in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The developer queries are not necessarily written with your testing requirements in mind.&lt;/strong&gt; The application may never need to query the database the way your test wants to.  Whether you (or someone else) should add your test-specific queries to your persistence layer depends upon your organization.  If your organization prefers to leave test-specific features out of production code, you are presumably forced to write and maintain your own queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You cannot test everything.&lt;/strong&gt;  Your application depends not only on properly-written queries but also on all the rest of the code, on the run-time environment, the operating system, and many other things.  You don't have time to test everything you depend on, so you have to trust &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;.  If it is convenient to use developer's queries, and if you don't have time to test them, it is reasonable to evaluate the risk and decide to trust the developer's queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do not reinvent the application.&lt;/strong&gt; We as an industry like to construct software out of disjoint components that can be developed, tested, and debugged in isolation.  Techniques like stubbing and mocking (and unit testing) facilitate this style of development.  As a tester, your primary job is presumably to test the application as a whole.  If you trust a component, and using it does not impede how you test, you should use it.  If you do not trust it, you (or someone) should test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you really want to be a developer, get a developer job.&lt;/strong&gt;  We need testers who have solid development skills.  However, a tester's primary mission is to measure and improve quality.  If your primary reason for writing test code (or queries or whatever) is to hone your developer skills, you should find a developer job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-11T22:35:51.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2364" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2367" CreationDate="2012-01-12T01:23:55.637" Score="4" ViewCount="1451" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to understand Data Validation for Automation in case of (Weekly/ Frequent Builds)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the case of frequent code changes (Weekly builds) since the code base would change frequently Automation need to be updated with the recent DB Developer query?, Do we do automate data validation for such short cycles or is it verified manually?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do we write custom DB Queries for validation?, Since it is frequent build releases does queries get updated with every build. How was the experience in maintaining the automation suite with frequent changes? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would like to understand to formulate a better strategy for my automation plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T12:01:27.317" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T13:09:25.377" Title="Should data validation be automated in a rapid development environment" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2369" CreationDate="2012-01-12T14:48:29.280" Score="3" ViewCount="1199" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the first time I encountered such a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an Excel table with a macro that selects data from the database using SQL query according to specific criteria. Data is grouped in different ways, then number of items is counted based on certain rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How it can be tested? Write my own queries to the database - I will check the database is working correctly :))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1873" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:54:32.610" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:54:32.610" Title="How to test an Excel macro that selects, groups, and counts data using SQL query?" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2357" CreationDate="2012-01-12T17:22:41.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siva,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to user246's excellent list of suggestions, I'd at these factors to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You've probably already validated the developer queries: by the time you start automating you know they do what they should.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The data you need to look at when testing is not necessarily the same data the developers need to use. That means you need different queries. For instance, a lot of the baseline checks I do are a simple SELECT ColumnA, ColumnB... FROM TableName, sometimes with a WHERE clause, sometimes not depending on what needsto be checked against.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your tests are data driven, you need your own queries to retrieve your data, particularly since it's likely to be stored and structured differently than the application database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're using the automated tests to validate developer queries, you're going to want to use them, and check the results they retrieve against some known baseline.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally wouldn't rule out either option - it's much more a matter of being aware of the limitations of each, and using what's appropriate to your circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T17:22:41.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2364" CreationDate="2012-01-12T17:30:31.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siva,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your database structure is changing this often, I'd be cautious about automating validation until the structure stabilizes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, early in a development process, the database structures will change frequently (sometimes daily with a large application undergoing rapid development with multiple development projects). During this period, it doesn't make sense to automate the areas changing frequently because you'll drive yourself insane trying to get all the rework completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where data structures are stable, automation serves to verify that the changes haven't had a negative impact on existing structures. Similarly, as long as you've got a known set of stable data, automation acts as your regression validation regardless of the queries you're using. If the data that you're validating is changing frequently, you don't want to validate via automation until it stabilizes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say as a thumbnail measurement that if maintaining automation to handle changes takes more than an hour out of your day, it's probably something that's not stable enough for automation, and taking your focus away from the core of verifying that the application is doing the correct things (Caveat: if there's a lot of development happening around something that was previously stable, you could easily get spikes of large amounts of maintenance to update for that particular upgraded feature. This shouldn't affect more than that one feature).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-01-12T17:30:31.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2365" CreationDate="2012-01-12T19:31:11.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To motivate a point, I will describe two scenarios from a math class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, think back to when you took math tests in school.  Sometimes your teacher asked you to check your work.  One way to check your work is to calculate everything twice, but of course if you miscalculated because of a misunderstanding, you will probably get the same, wrong answer twice.  Another way to check your answer is to calculate in a different way, or even better, to run the calculation backwards.  So for example if you just calculated C = A + B, you check C by verifying that A = C - B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, consider how a math teacher comes up with a test problem whose answer is a nice, round number.  They have a choice: they can start with the nice round number and work backwards to determine the initial conditions, or do they can tinker with the initial conditions and recalculate until the initial conditions result in a nice round number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your choice is similar to the math teacher's: either (1) populate your database in such a way that you know what the report should produce, (2) use your own queries and your own calculations to determine what the spreadsheet should contain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With either choice, you need to understand all the relevant requirements, but with this second choice, you also need to implement your own, bug-free queries and your own, bug-free formulas.  Essentially, the second choice requires re-implementing the spreadsheet.  If your results do not match what the spreadsheet produces, you must decide which of you is wrong.  If you are not absolutely sure about your queries or your calculations, it may be tempting to peek at how the spreadsheet does it and amend your work accordingly until the results match. But of course if you borrow queries or formulas from the spreadsheet in order to get your results to match the spreadsheets, you have transitioned from testing the spreadsheet to reproducing the spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This is a common phenomenon, especially when the requirements are vague or not written down at all.  I knew a tester who chose the &quot;reimplement&quot; approach to test something that imported data from an OLTP database into an OLAP database.  The developer's requirement was simply &quot;implement an OLAP database that you can use to implement this set of reports&quot;.  You could test the reports, but it wasn't clear what it meant to test &quot;import&quot; software because there were no clear requirements.  Since the requirements were unclear, the tester looked at the developer's queries and then wrote his own queries that calculated the same thing.  Of course if the developer's queries had bugs, the tester's probably would too.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you consider the initial work and maintenance cost (if any) of both options.  The answer may depend on the complexity of the spreadsheet and available of resources (e.g. availability of additional &quot;test databases&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-13T23:50:26.410" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T23:50:26.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2370" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-12T21:03:20.827" Score="6" ViewCount="12127" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to run a Selenium WebDriver script written in Python on a Windows 7 64-bit box as a scheduled task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test works pretty well when run as a batch file from the command prompt, but when run as a scheduled task it fails horribly with errors like ElementNotVisibleExceptions or not being able to find elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried running the tests as different users with no change in the outcome. I have tried to modify the TaskScheduler service to interact with the desktop but the option is ghosted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have experience in running tests like these as a scheduled task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&#xA;I actually ended up figuring this out. Turns out my batch file had some bugs. After debugging it, running the Selenium script through the scheduled task worked fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="238" LastEditorUserId="238" LastEditDate="2012-04-19T19:30:34.607" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T10:47:34.910" Title="Running Selenium tests as a scheduled task" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1516" CreationDate="2012-01-13T07:21:58.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bad boy is best and very simple tool to integrate with J-meter&#xA;you just need to capture test scenario in bad bou tool and than from file menu &quot;expor it to j-meter&quot;, so .jmx file get created which you can use with j-meter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1877" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T07:21:58.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1509" CreationDate="2012-01-13T07:25:03.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn any performance or load testing tool, than J-meter is best option as it is very easy to implement and it's a open source, you just required jdk 1.5 or above version should be installed in your machine to run j-meter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1877" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T07:25:03.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2345" CreationDate="2012-01-13T09:53:04.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’ve also used to think that NUnit is an old tool and tried to find more “modern” tool for unit tests. But I have found out that NUnit is that modern tool. In compare to MSTest, NUnit is more extended with testing features. NUnit provides better assert error logging. For instance, when you are using CollectionAssert.Contains from MSTest it will throw error “CollectionAssert.Contains failed.” And that’s all.&#xA;In case of this assert error, NUnit prints the entire collection contents and the element that was not found. Such good error messages save a lot of time during the failure investigation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you always can use TestDriven.NET or/and Resharper for better integration between Visual Studio and NUnit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T09:53:04.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2370" CreationDate="2012-01-13T18:48:25.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that when we run our tests on remote machines with psexec, we have to change the windows service &quot;Interactive Service Detection&quot; to startup &quot;Automatic&quot; and start the service.  You might try that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-01-13T18:48:25.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="866" CreationDate="2012-01-14T01:09:56.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How are you even using portable FF with Selenium RC?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In RC, I believe Selenium looks for the (default) FF install location for where to invoke the FF binary. I'm assuming you are talking about setting (*nix/Windows/Mac) environment variable or Windows registry setting that points to FF binary (creating it if not exist, which it likely would not exist for FF portable since no install occurred)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For RC, you specify Firefox binary when you specify the browser string, and instead of '*firefox' it would be like '*firefox C:\pathTo\firefox.exe' and similarly for Linux/Mac, '*firefox /pathTo/firefox-bin', where for Mac it looks more like '*firefox /pathTo/Firefox.app/morePaths/firefox-bin'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were able to use and specify FF binary with RC, then did you try specifying absolute path to FF profile to load with? That might work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;java -jar selenium-server.jar -firefoxProfileTemplate &quot;C:\PathTo\FFProfileDirectory&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to run automation specifying path to portable FF but on Mac. Just recently trying for Windows, not sure if I can get it to work. Haven't tried for WebDriver yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1881" LastEditorUserId="1881" LastEditDate="2012-06-23T07:52:30.173" LastActivityDate="2012-06-23T07:52:30.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-15T05:38:58.167" Score="3" ViewCount="425" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you provide me with some common checklist for Embedded Systems testing please? What are the new things that are covered in this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And can you also advise me some interesting references for reading and understanding Embedded Systems testing? It can be books, blogs, articles, etc. such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.applabs.com/html/embedded-systems-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.applabs.com/html/embedded-systems-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.calsoftlabs.com/product-testing/embedded-system-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.calsoftlabs.com/product-testing/embedded-system-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.systematic-testing.com/documents/qualityweek2001_paper.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.systematic-testing.com/documents/qualityweek2001_paper.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vectorcast.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vectorcast.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-23T03:14:39.830" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T03:14:39.830" Title="What new things need to be covered in Embedded Systems testing compared to normal manual testing?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2384" CreationDate="2012-01-15T09:20:04.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing embedded system is basically the same as testing any other system.&#xA;The differences are mainly the diversity of the environments, UIs, debug methods etc.&#xA;A decent book to start with could be &lt;em&gt;Testing Embedded Software&lt;/em&gt; by Bart Broekman and Edwin Notenboom, ISBN 0321159861.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T09:20:04.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2384" CreationDate="2012-01-15T11:11:43.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some links and papers can be found here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atomicobject.com/pages/Embedded+Practices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.atomicobject.com/pages/Embedded+Practices&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T11:11:43.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2095" CreationDate="2012-01-15T15:44:50.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://relishapp.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://relishapp.com&lt;/a&gt; (which I founded).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1883" LastActivityDate="2012-01-15T15:44:50.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2060" CreationDate="2012-01-16T08:05:44.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All version of JMeter are compatible with JDK 1.5. If you find difficulty to run JMeter, you need to set system variable &lt;code&gt;Java_Path&lt;/code&gt; in environment variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1877" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-18T14:02:27.147" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T14:02:27.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-16T08:11:52.027" Score="-1" ViewCount="1107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to testing of Android porting. Could you kindly share with me a testing scenario, any reference document or ref. template for such test case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1877" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T16:06:16.143" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T16:06:16.143" Title="Test scenario for Android porting test" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2393" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-16T09:06:30.807" Score="7" ViewCount="8924" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is introducing BDD into our projects. Our customers have differents processes-cases wich also may fork at specific points. It is a mostly long and tedious work to test each case and each fork manually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was my job to try out Selenium. So, I wrote Selenium tests and freed our poor tester from this task. I put quite some thought into my tests like a helper for returning jobs (i.E. click through pagination until you find link foo, always set deadline in the future, generate new e-mail adress for user bar...) or writing classes for stepstones like interview, then including methods (&quot;fail_interview&quot;, etc). In the end, I was able to reuse a lot of the code and could expand the tests, once the fundament was writted, relatively fast along the whole processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests were very appreciated by our management and the poor tester ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, not all our developers support the way we use Selenium now. Saying they are almost useless because the tests are not directly connected with our source code and adopting the Selenium tests to changes (like a changed button_id or something) would take too long. I might add, that we never used any kind of testing before but manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agreed to the point, that we also should include TDD into our projects. But now, I am not sure there &quot;my&quot; Selenium test should be positioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what are recommended  scenarios to use Selenium Tests for? Was is a good idea to &quot;click through everything&quot;? What should and should not be tests with Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1732" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T20:52:12.377" Title="What are recommended scenarios to use Selenium Tests for?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2394" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-16T11:12:33.423" Score="3" ViewCount="2859" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to disable a particular JavaScript function of the main application for which I am creating automated tests using Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1822" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-23T03:14:05.590" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T03:14:05.590" Title="Is there a way to disable a JavaScript function of the tested application from Selenium WebDriver automation project?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2394" CreationDate="2012-01-16T12:18:44.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is not designed to play in this way. Still on Selenium you can run your own JavaScript functions. In this case you can try override function which you want to disable (e.g. &lt;code&gt;function functionWhichYouWantToBeDisabled(){return null;}&lt;/code&gt;). In this way it not be disabled but removed/changed functionality temporally. All what I say is more in theory level, I will not surprise if this won't work (I never try anything similar).&#xA;Much easier way is completely disable JavaScript on browser. For example if you testing with Firefox you can create custom Firefox profile with disabled JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T12:18:44.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2393" CreationDate="2012-01-16T15:14:00.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Phil completely when he says that it doesn't sound as though you are using BDD/TDD in your project.  This would typically include tests written by the developer, either before or immediately after the code was written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can also understand part of the uncertainty on the part of the developers.  I've had the argument with many of my developers in the past about my use of code to test code.  The argument for that however, is that I'm not using it to test the code, but to check that the things that were working, and not changed, are still working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your selenium tests should be used firstly, to test/check the things that are extremely monotonous and need to be done often.  In addition to this, try automating the checks that take the most time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can fully understand the frustration with an element who's identifier has been changed.  My recommendation for that, create a library class for each of these (ie: btnFriendlyName) and choose what value you are going to assign to it.  Using a page object pattern, if an ID or Name does change, it becomes much more trivial to correct your automation suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also agree with your having your automation separate from the main code.  I've heard a lot of other people talk about having their tests bundled with the application code, but, from my experience, it has worked much better to have separated tests in it's own Version Control System.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds as though you are on a very good start!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T15:14:00.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2399" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-01-16T16:39:00.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Data-driven testing is a concept to make test scripts more robust, maintainable and reuseable. Test inputs and expected results are not put directly into the test script. Instead the test script refers to an external test data source like a database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="869" LastEditorUserId="869" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T15:15:19.567" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T15:15:19.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2400" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-01-16T16:39:00.693" Score="0" Body="A scripting technique that does not put test data directly into the test script." OwnerUserId="869" LastEditorUserId="869" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T15:15:21.580" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T15:15:21.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2401" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-16T17:33:36.330" Score="9" ViewCount="9188" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title says it all. I've been using SilkTest for about a year now in my current role. It wasn't my choice to use, and I've never used it, or even heard of it, before this role. There are definitely some downsides to using it, but it has advantages as well (the 4Test language is the best thing about it, I think). Also, basic web searches don't reveal very much in the way of tutorials, sample code, help, etc. compared to much newer tools like Selenium or Watir. Any insights? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DISCLAIMER: I'm not exactly a fan of SilkTest (far from it).&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:50:31.737" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T06:50:31.737" Title="Why isn't SilkTest more common to use?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;silktest&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2401" CreationDate="2012-01-16T18:29:54.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my personal opinion and observations, a lot of this comes down to cost and knowledge of the product.  Many companies have tried solutions like this and QTP (hp Quick Test Pro) thinking that it was going to be a silver bullet for their testing resources but it ended up not being able to deliver what they expected it would (it takes time and knowledge no matter what solution you're using).  Those same companies have then tried another, open source or free solution (or abandoned test automation all together), and with what their testers knew after trying to commercial product, were able to make it work somewhat better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also the companies who take a look at the dollar value, and say flat out no.  Even if not this, then there is the bundling factor when it comes to cost.  Many companies already use HP's products like Quality Centre and Load Runner, and I would assume that there would be a certain discount around putting their own automation framework on top of this.  The same is certainly true of Microsoft products.  If a company is already purchasing a shwack load of Visual Studio licenses for the developers, why not spend a little extra to also get it for the testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To come to your question about 'newer' frameworks, I think that this comes down partially to cost, but also to usability for the testers who have to use the product.  Personally, I want to use the combination of products to build my automation suite that I want.  In addition to this, the user community for these 'newer' products is quite more diverse than what you'd get with commercial products like SilkTest or QTP.  If a user from the community is not able to help you, one of the contributers, with a vested interest in the continuity of the project (even if just out of pride) is probably able to help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T18:29:54.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2401" CreationDate="2012-01-16T20:38:27.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you compare SilkTest to Selenium and Watir, you are comparing apples to oranges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If SilkTest were free and open source, you'd find tons of websites devoted to using it, and providing samples, tutorials, etc.  But SilkTest is a commercial product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search a bit, you will find places (like SQAForums.com's SilkTest forum at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/postlist.php?Cat=0&amp;amp;Board=UBB1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.sqaforums.com/postlist.php?Cat=0&amp;amp;Board=UBB1&lt;/a&gt;, for example) which provide lots of free help for SilkTest users. But your primary source for detailed SilkTest information will still likely be the vendor for most commercial products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-01-16T20:38:27.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2393" CreationDate="2012-01-17T00:28:48.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me take BDD out of the equation for a moment and answer your question about what the recommended scenarios are for Selenium automation.  I have found that there are 2 primary areas that UI automation should focus on to have the best ROI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first is UI specific functionality, for instance anything that is driven by javascript on the page (including ajax/xhtml requests) or dictated by the html: maxlength on a texbox, for example.  There are plenty of tests here that are very basic, and others that can be pretty complex, like if you are testing drag and drop functionality, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second are scenario tests that cover end to end scenarios that a user would typically go through.  These longer scenarios are usually much more difficult to automate at lower levels - either unit tests or tests against the API or WebService themselves.  These tests can sometimes be difficult however, depending on the site you are testing they may require additional setup or configuration and you would then also need to automate those processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some scenarios that really are not good for UI automation (but are often attempted) is in depth field validation (it's way too slow), security testing (again, way too slow and doesn't give you the flexibility of hitting the service directly), performance tests, layout tests (trying to validate layout across different browsers, this is way easier to just do manually), Localization testing (there are some things you can do, but in general its not a good idea - see this post: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1949/do-you-verify-presence-of-text-in-your-automated-tests/1958&quot;&gt;Do you verify presence of text in your automated tests?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most other testing can be automated at levels other than the UI.  Integration tests for integration with other web services, apis, common libraries, etc., can be automated at the API level, or sometimes even as integration unit tests.  Much of security testing can be done using httpwebrequests directly or using existing tools that will execute those requests for you.  Stress tests definitely should not ever be done with UI automation, although you can add measuring performance as part of the UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you add BDD back into the equation, the arguments against UI automation in that process are all just semantics.  It is perfectly acceptable and fairly common to have automated UI tests as part of a BDD or TDD process.  The big difference is that they require the code to be compiled and the components to be deployed before tests can be run, but depending on how far you go with your integration tests, that may already be the case anyways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other arguments against UI automation in general like maintainability all relate to how you approach your automation.  If you want to protect yourself from changes in the pages or behavior or elements, etc then ensure you write your automated tests with the proper layers of abstraction.  In selenium, the &quot;Page Object Pattern&quot; is used to overcome or reduce a lot of the problems you may run into as far as maintainability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T00:28:48.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2393" CreationDate="2012-01-17T01:21:37.417" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that your tests will require ongoing maintenance (as does most test automation).  There are tactics for organizing your Selenium tests so that maintenance is easier, but they depend upon how the user interface is written, whether the developers help maintain the tests, and the manner in which the user interface changes.  In fact, the quicker the user interface changes, the less it makes sense to write automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good rule of thumb with any kind of test automation is to start slowly, choose some success criteria beforehand, and afterward, evaluate those criteria as honestly as you can.  For example, when I first heard about Selenium, I was concerned about the maintenance cost and the test's sensitivity to timing issues.  I picked a small piece of our application that was fairly easy to automate, that historically had a lot of bugs, and which was time-consuming and error-prone to test manually.  After the test was written, I used it for several releases and kept track of how much time I spent updating the tests to keep up with application changes.  I also adjusted the test several times to address timing issues.  Having gone through that experience, I like Selenium for selected tasks but I would never use it for testing our entire application; it requires too much maintenance effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, as of this moment, if you search SQA for the word &quot;Selenium&quot;, you will turn up 174 questions.  It may be worth your time to read some of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T03:59:55.080" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T03:59:55.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2430" CreationDate="2012-01-17T06:18:34.343" Score="4" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to seek for your valued opinions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you get global teams (such as US, China, Korea, Singapore, Europe and Australia) which work on and are responsible for different parts of the system to test smoothly without latency, code conflicts and other issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per request, with a specific example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AUS is handling UI, CN is handling core design, each location has their own standard to perform unit &amp;amp; integrated test and maintaining their own servers. The problem now, QA team in Korea is testing on both integration(UI+core) at their local server, they found &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since unit &amp;amp; integrated tests in Australia &amp;amp; China are in an ongoing process, therefore QA team in Korea always facing code is not updated, a bug discovered this minute has already been resolved/debugged last minutes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lack of documentation(system requirements) of correspondents. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to ensure different parts are working fine before integration? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Thanks to famousgarkin for his time to edit my previous post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1468" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:54:54.280" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:54:54.280" Title="How to get global teams to test smoothly on a different parts of the system?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2408" CreationDate="2012-01-17T07:23:08.370" Score="5" ViewCount="4364" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is someone aware of any general approaches for testing out database replication?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using a Postgres database which is going to be replicated real-time (synchronously) in a master-slave fashion. The idea is to prepare for failover, guaranteeing high availability and data durability (back-up and recovery).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can think of few realistic scenarios and test them out manually but it would be good to know if there are some resources/practices available which can enable us to think more exhaustively in this direction and eventually create something re-usable as well (read automation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="698" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T06:52:58.930" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T06:52:58.930" Title="Testing Database replication" Tags="&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2407" CreationDate="2012-01-17T08:45:51.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would list down based on my previous experience - Replication Test Effort using SQL Server. My scenario was Transactional Replication. I am not aware of Postgress DB but there should be simlar jobs equivalent to jobs/monitors provided in sql server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What all areas to test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Initial Setup&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuring Replication, Running Replication Scripts on the Database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify if scripts are re-runnable (Install, Uniinstall, Re-install)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Post Installation verify the publication and subscription articles are setup on Publisher and Subscriber Databases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For SQL Server there are system tables (Publish DB - &#xA;SELECT * FROM sysarticles, &#xA;SELECT * FROM syspublications), Similarly you should be able to query Postgress specific tables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I hope scripts can be deployed in any environment without any hardcoding  / manual steps involved&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Initial Data Setup&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have millions of records, What is the initial strategy to replicate these records, I have seen cases where the inital snapshot would be created and replication would be setup on top if it. To be more specific it is done using option (EXEC sp_addsubscription set The @sync_type = 'replication support only')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will be grouping articles based on latency, I hope you are not setting every table to be realtime&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Basic Cases&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insert few records in source system and verify entries are reflected in replicated databases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insert trace tokens in replication monitor and check time taken to reflect in destination database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Replication Latency with Huge Data&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case of huge data loads in source system verify if there is any blocking caused between replication and application stored procedures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify with high loads the response time of your application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Handling Failure and Alerts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password expiration, Service Account Removed Do you have any alerting to report the same&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify alerts are setup to monitor failure of jobs in both source and destination systems &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify alerts are setup in case of errors reported in logs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Custom script to validate the jobs are created, tables enabled for replication. Installation can be verfied&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2012-01-17T09:02:44.757" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T09:02:44.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2406" CreationDate="2012-01-17T11:30:15.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are facing the same problems, the way we do it is-&#xA;Test domains are clearly defined in advance, if possible there is some overlapping between domains. Some of the domains cover the same functionality but from a different point of view.&#xA;There's a single point of contact to collect summarized results, this POC has enough knowledge so he can judge the quality of the results, and can track that correct software releases were tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T11:30:15.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2406" CreationDate="2012-01-17T15:43:06.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a big subject, too big to be satisfactorily answered in an Internet forum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this is relevant to testing, but it is not specific to testing.  In fact, aspects of this problem are not specific to global teams.  Any time you ask geographically dispersed teams to work together -- whether they are across town or across the ocean -- you will face challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not an expert on managing global teams, but I have some experience working in geographically dispersed teams.  The one thing I have seen make a big difference is allowing the teams to meet each other in person.  We are social animals, and there is no better first step for gaining someone's trust and good will than to interact with them face to face.  Of course this is not always possible.  Sometimes the best you can do is to send a few emissaries, but even that is better than having no contact at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T15:43:06.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2411" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2443" CreationDate="2012-01-17T16:13:42.940" Score="4" ViewCount="3565" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been switching over our company's automation scripts from Selenium IDE to Selenium 2.0 WebDriver.  The problem is that we have a crap load of user extension custom commands because of all the AJAX our sites do.  So there are a lot of custom commands (selectors).  I can't figure out how to get user extensions working without the IDE (when just using webdriver).  Can this be done?  If not, what is the alternative so we can still use jQuery in the new method?  If you have a simple example of the alternative, even better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of how we used jQuery in the IDE user extensions (js file added in options in Selenium IDE).  We had to make sure our site was injecting the jQuery script.  In the IDE, we had a custom command named &quot;getUlLiCount&quot; and &quot;getUlLiCountAndWait&quot; (this one is created by default).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function jQuery(selector)&#xA;{&#xA;    return selenium.browserbot.getUserWindow().jQuery(selector);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;Selenium.prototype.doGetUlLiCount = function(ulName, varStore) { &#xA;&#xA;    this.doStore(jQuery('#' + ulName + ' &amp;gt; li').size(),varStore);&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-06T22:05:53.093" LastActivityDate="2012-11-06T22:05:53.093" Title="Alternative for user extensions in Selenium 2 WebDriver w/ jQuery?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2411" CreationDate="2012-01-17T18:29:50.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They have an interface to allow you to execute JavaScript.  The contents of your JavaScript function would be passed in the ExecuteScript parameter.  Here I have &quot;return '123'&quot; as my argument.  The first line is casting our IWebDriver object to interface type &quot;IJavaScriptExecutor&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IJavaScriptExecutor js = driver as IJavaScriptExecutor;&#xA;string UlLiCount = (string)js.ExecuteScript(&quot;return '123'&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T18:29:50.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2370" CreationDate="2012-01-17T18:49:29.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you using Remote Desktop? If you minimize or close Remote Desktop, it will send a message to Windows indicating nobody is using the computer and therefor the desktop no longer needs to be visible. That might be why your Selenium test can't find the element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution there is to use VNC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1719" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T18:49:29.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2414" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2417" CreationDate="2012-01-17T19:41:58.713" Score="6" ViewCount="72857" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium 2.0 web driver.  My script keeps failing whenever I try locating something in my page.  It throws an exception whether I locate the element by LinkText or by XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Products&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;Selenium.ProductPricing.TheUntitledTest:&#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.NoSuchElementException : Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;link text&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Products&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//div[@id='nav']/ul/li[1]/a&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;Selenium.ProductPricing.TheUntitledTest:&#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.NoSuchElementException : Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;//div[@id='nav']/ul/li[0]/a&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-07T22:40:14.453" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T16:44:28.640" Title="Locating element by link text (anchor tag innerHTML) or xpath fails in Selenium 2.0 Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2414" CreationDate="2012-01-17T20:09:13.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few things to look at.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you sure that the LinkText is correct?  Are you missing spaces,&#xA;non breaking spaces, etc that may appear in the html but you don't&#xA;see as a user?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you sure the xpath is correct?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this a timing issue?  Are you trying to find the elements before the page is&#xA;finished loading or before those elements are loaded?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T20:09:13.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2414" CreationDate="2012-01-17T20:15:45.697" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;XPath list indexes are one-based, not zero-based. Try &lt;code&gt;li[1]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T20:15:45.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2414" CreationDate="2012-01-17T20:17:41.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems like I have to use this line of code before I invoke any click events.  The &quot;clickAndWait&quot; conversion of the Selenium IDE to Webdriver doesn't seem to work properly.  It converts everything to *.Click().  Adding the implicit wait after every click event and setting WAIT_TIME to 3 in my Constants class seems to do the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[type=\&quot;submit\&quot;]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(Constants.WAIT_TIME));&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Products&quot;)).Click();&#xA;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(Constants.WAIT_TIME));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="948" LastEditDate="2012-01-25T16:28:46.050" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T16:28:46.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2393" CreationDate="2012-01-17T20:52:12.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another thought to add to the well-written answers: In the question, the author mentions a developer's objection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;adopting the Selenium tests to changes (like a changed button_id or something) would take too long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since UI tests are brittle with respect to the underlying structure of the UI, UI automation success depends on successful collaboration between the UI test team and the developers. Let's say you respond to this objection by saying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adapting to a button id won't be a problem, because the SW team needs to establish a standard naming convention for all widgets and then adhere to that convention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, sounds like a reasonable idea, doesn't it? I've encountered 2 responses to that idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(response #1): Oh yeah, that's a good idea. That will make everyone's life easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(response #2): What are you, crazy!? I've got enough to do. You'll just have to play catch-up with my development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your shop has a lot of response #2 folks in it, UI automation is going to be very difficult. If your shop has a lot of response #1 folks in it, you've got a fighting chance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So make sure to take devops culture into account when deciding on reasonable goals for UI automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-01-17T20:52:12.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2420" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-17T23:37:04.930" Score="17" ViewCount="497" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're a programmer working alone, or with a couple other programmers, and you don't have dedicated testers, the programmers have to make up the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, even when you have testers, &lt;strong&gt;everyone is responsible for quality&lt;/strong&gt;. I know how to write unit tests. I know how to &quot;eat my own dogfood&quot;. I know the value of a second pair of eyes, applied via pair programming, code reviews, and having programmers test each others' features. But in the past I have always counted on dedicated testers. Now I am working without any testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of what I know we lose by not having testers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A programmer writing code to do X will tend to test X with the same thinking that she put in to her code. So, she is likely to overlook the same mistakes both when coding and when testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Programmers love their programs, and have an emotional need to see their programs in the best light possible. This makes it difficult to find flaws.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A programmer has to split time between programming (which he is eager to do) and testing (which is less attractive). It is easy for a programmer to call testing &quot;done&quot; so he can move on to the next joyous programming task. This conflict doesn't exist in a dedicated tester.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testers have testing skills that they hone over their careers. I lack many of those skills.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can we fill in these gaps? How can we still produce high-quality software with the people we have?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="95" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T04:59:48.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T04:59:48.417" Title="How to assure quality when you don't have dedicated testers?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2420" CreationDate="2012-01-18T00:41:39.520" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first bullet assumes that you write the code before you write the tests. That's a common assumption, but note that you have a choice about whether it's true. If you change the assumption, if you write tests &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; you write code, you can wear your &quot;tester hat&quot; without being (quite so) biased by the code you've written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do this on two scales: On the larger scale of a whole feature, and on the smaller scale of each method and class you write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the scale of the whole feature, Acceptance Test-Driven Development (ATDD) helps. When you take on a new feature, the first thing you do—before you write &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; code—is write examples of that feature in action. If each action is written clearly, and the set of examples is reasonably comprehensive, they can act as a guide for your development. And you can automate them. Passing the next automated test gives a nice sense of progress. And failing a test that used to pass gives a quick indication that you broke something. And fast feedback means that it takes less time to figure out how you broke it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the scale of each class and method, Test-Driven Development (TDD) helps. You write one teeny tiny test. Then you write the code to pass that test. Then you clean up. Then you write one more teeny tiny test. Then the code to pass that test &lt;em&gt;plus&lt;/em&gt; all of your existing tests. Then you clean up. Repeat until you pass all of your automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, at some point you'll want to get a good exploratory tester involved, for all the reasons you cite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T00:41:39.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2420" CreationDate="2012-01-18T01:01:40.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not think there is a magic bullet for overcoming the lack of a tester.  You need to follow the same kind of process you would follow if you had a tester, except that during test cycle, some or all of you will need to stop writing code.  Some of you will be better at testing than others.  The degree to which you succeed will depend on your collective willingness to spend your time on something that is not your favorite thing to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I worked at a start-up with eight to ten developers and one tester.  We needed more testers, so the one tester wrote a high-level test plan and divided it up among the developers.  The results were not great but were better than leaving the entire job to one person.  We eventually staffed up the test team as the money became available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-18T19:25:18.323" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T19:25:18.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2012-01-18T08:32:09.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think when it comes to judging about someone if he's a good programmer or a good automated tester, the important thing is how mature the process to tackle a new problem is. The average programmer will have a solid understanding of a specific domain, lets say persisting objects with hibernate in java, after having to deal with it in several projects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But i don't think that there are many people that do only one specific thing in their career. It's how one learns to learn new things quickly (and safely = not causing production errors). Furthermore, how much of a broad overview of the concepts that are included in the problem domain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been programming in java for quite a while now which does not mean that I can write code that never throws a NullPointerException, i just learned to write tests for that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1896" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T08:32:09.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2420" CreationDate="2012-01-18T09:16:05.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For applications with a GUI, do in-house user testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bring in some &quot;business users&quot; (innocent dummy users you select, not real representatives from the paying customer), show them the app, and they'll discover eminent bugs almost immediately during the first demo. (I wonder if this phenomenon has gotten a special name or jargon expression.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better bring in some fake users that you select before going out to customers and showing the demo there, ending in embarassment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this does not replace automated testing, but this is always a good reality check. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1901" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T09:16:05.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-18T15:33:52.270" Score="1" ViewCount="437" Body="&lt;p&gt;In QC - Dashboard module - I have a report which has huge data that exceeds Excel limit. Is there a way to save it in .CSV format?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1903" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:11:48.897" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:11:48.897" Title="In QC, under the Dashboard module can reports be saved in .csv format?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2426" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-01-18T15:53:37.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP Quality Center (QC) is a web based software for test management originally developed by Mercury Inc. In it's previous versions it was known as Test Director (TD).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;External Links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/quality-center-quality-management/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HP Quality Center homepage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T01:21:58.220" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T01:21:58.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2427" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-01-18T15:53:37.553" Score="0" Body="Quality Center (QC) is an HP web based software product for test management." OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T10:24:08.210" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T10:24:08.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2420" CreationDate="2012-01-18T18:00:06.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Possibly the biggest thing you can do is get someone else to test your code. If you aren't in a position to do test-driven or test-first development, then give another programmer your code, the interfaces, and get them to write the unit tests. Then get someone else again to test the integrated software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of the issue here is the age-old one of testing being seen as somehow less 'valuable' than programming. They're interdependent: programmers who test and test well can get away with not having testers, but they can't get away without testing (or if they try, they end up paying the price).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other side is the inevitable difference in skill-sets. Programmers are good at finding ways to make things work. Testers are good at finding things programmers didn't think about when they were making it work. Really good testers do this in a way that doesn't make programmers unhappy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the other things you can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open betas: when you think it's mostly ready, let users who are willing to take some risks work with the software. If you add some extra logging into your software this also gives you a much clearer picture of how the software gets used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;crowd-sourced testing, like UTest (this obviously isn't possible for everything and everyone, but it can get you a fresh perspective from people who like testing.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build the tests in, as Dale suggested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate as many tests as you can think of - if your team is writing code that tests your code (with the caveat that no-one tests the code they wrote), they're more likely to enjoy the testing side than if they're trying to do manual exploratory testing they're not familiar with. A caveat here is figuring out what should be automated: I'd suggest starting with a list drawn from your steel thread and expanding to likely error conditions and things people know have bitten them in the past.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-01-18T18:00:06.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2406" CreationDate="2012-01-19T09:07:26.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the management of some open source softwares, you can do like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By using technology like Git, the chief architect and his team will have chance to easily review and test any of the code changes before merge them into the project. Also, the managers of the branch teams should review before his team member send the change to the main project.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each code change should have a corresponding ticket in a issue tracking system. Developers and testers have different roles/groups in the system, and a workflow like On Working -&gt; On Reviewing -&gt; On Testing should be followed. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Only one team of the testers are running the integrating test. They only update from the main project. The other test teams will be responsible to ensure the code change works with the formal main project before the developers send the change to the main project.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1906" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T09:07:26.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2406" CreationDate="2012-01-19T10:24:30.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I understood your question and keeping in mind my  stint in an organization where the workforce was distributed across locations, I would suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt;Process is your friend&#xA;  As there is CI going on in Aus and China , a period of codefreeze should be applied.(thou shall not commit to the trunk) &#xA;During this window when the  codefreeze  is ON , the Korean team can pick the build  and look at the release notes (this can be auto -generated,  Name of build , Bugs resolved etc)and go ahead with their testing on that build.) All the suitable tasks/bugs  can be moved to a resolved state and tagged with the Build name in your Issue/Target/Process  Management tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meanwhile the Aus and China could look into work items/features aimed for the next build and the bugs unresolved so far .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a suitable time depending either on the timezone conveniences  or/and  timelines agreed between the points of contact ( eg ..QA think they have sufficiently QAed the Application under Test) ,the CodeFreeze can be switched OFF. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the CodeFreeze is OFF, the Aus and China team can go ahead with committing their code to the trunk. Meanwhile the QA team in Korea can perform test prep activities in anticipation of the forthcoming build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically this cycle can be tweaked, customized according to the needs/priorities of the project i.e the Codefreeze can be a dynamic activity where timely communication is vital.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1316" LastEditorUserId="1316" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T10:30:26.903" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T10:30:26.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-19T10:56:19.723" Score="9" ViewCount="32070" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have merely just had a kick off meeting for a new project that I am required to automate ASAP. The project is essentially a &quot;mailbox project&quot;, if you will, and I have no idea as to where to start my test automation on this type of project as I am fairly new to selenium automation. Emails will however be sent/received via Gmail. I would really appreciate any help or advice on how/where to start my automation with regards to this project... if at all possible :).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The framework I am using is Eclipse, TestNG and of course selenium:). Language - Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1908" LastEditorDisplayName="user5554" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T14:36:17.580" LastActivityDate="2019-09-13T16:56:20.220" Title="Is mail testing with selenium possible?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2012-01-19T11:59:20.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's what I'll suggest: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setup a library, have it accept the mails and send to Gmail when your app is running in production mode. But when the app is running in development/testing mode, have your emails stored in database. Now create a simple script to show all mails from the database (keep this script under same URL as app). While testing, access this script from browser to read the emails. We've been doing this from quite a while now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you also speed up your app's testing because you don't have to retrieve data from remote server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T11:59:20.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2012-01-19T12:22:19.777" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I remember correctly, automating the use of GMail is a technical violation of their terms of service.  It's not something that their likely to take action against you for, as many other people/companies do do this as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/accounts/TOS&quot;&gt;Google Terms of Service&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5.3   You agree not to access (or attempt to access) any of the Services by any means other than through the interface that is provided by&#xA;  Google, unless you have been specifically allowed to do so in a&#xA;  separate agreement with Google. You specifically agree not to access&#xA;  (or attempt to access) any of the Services through any automated means&#xA;  (including use of scripts or web crawlers) and shall ensure that you&#xA;  comply with the instructions set out in any robots.txt file present on&#xA;  the Services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you actually need to login to the google site in order to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to, you could definitely use a third party client, and, it will probably run faster than to access it through the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure that you could do something similar with Java and a third party client, so, I'll give you how I normally handle email using outlook.  I typically setup a folder for each application that I need to validate the emails that were sent.  From there, I have my code access the client and then the specific folder.  When in the folder, I attempt to Match the From, To, CC, Subject, and body with my expected values.  If I don't need to verify much, I'll just pass these in as parameters.  If I'm having to validate all of the information, I would typically create some strings that I could set to the values of what I need to check and then attempt the match.  This is easier to do than through the UI as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T13:54:37.340" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T13:54:37.340" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2012-01-19T14:47:18.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keeping in mind your excerpt :&#xA;&quot; I have however gave it some thought and the way i was intending on going about this was to actually have a &quot;tester GMail account&quot;,whereby i login using the &quot;tester account&quot; credentials and do a simple UI automation technique where i would use the search feature of GMail to assert the unread email(subject) and verify whether all text is present after opening the mail. I really am clueless as to how i can go about this:( &quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;And&lt;/strong&gt;  Assuming that you are well aware and comfortable /got permission  with Google terms of service as mentioned in one of the answers and would like to try from the UI , you could try this bit below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Login to your &quot;tester gmail acount&quot; in basic HTML view.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Input your   search term in the  &quot;search box&quot; and search.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  If   there are no mails in   the search results : exit.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  While there are   unread mail/s (there would    be an css identifier  to differentiate from read mails): &#xA;      Do  Open  the mail and verify whether all text is present .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could quickly bootstrap this code using selenium ide, export the same to eclipse java and add the loops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt;  If you would not prefer to interact with the gmail UI and use a client i.e IMAP , there is some useful stuff &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumtests.com/2011/08/verify-email-confirmation-using.html?m=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; ,which is a superset  and can be easily tweaked to cover the issue in concern here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1316" LastEditorUserId="1316" LastEditDate="2012-01-19T14:53:38.427" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T14:53:38.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-19T18:29:32.050" Score="3" ViewCount="355" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our problem is development has multiple mantis bug tracking databases that contain multiple projects for multiple products. From a QA perspective we would like to submit a bug only once in our version of mantis and then depending on the category of the bug have it auto submitted to the developers mantis instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have scoured the net for an answer to this but have not be able to find anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1913" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:48:34.927" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:48:34.927" Title="Is there a way to copy a bug submitted in one mantis bug tracker instance to another?" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2435" CreationDate="2012-01-19T20:12:46.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mantis is totally customisable so you could probably get someone to code a solution up - the database is open and the code is there for you to do whatever you want. It does mean coding in php though...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T20:12:46.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2435" CreationDate="2012-01-19T20:30:06.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Phil is right with how customizable it is.  After a quick search, I found a couple of export/import plugins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more important question may be however, why are the testers using a separate instance from the developers?  Doing a constant export/import is just going to create additional overhead.  It's all fine and well if you update once, but, wouldn't the end goal to have them in sync, in which case, you'd also need a service or something else monitoring for changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T20:30:06.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2012-01-19T23:26:52.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you really don’t need to automate Gmail UI unless you are working for Google. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I bet your application requires an SMTP server configuration. So, it uses SMTP protocol to send email to Gmail. In this case you can search Google for “SMTP for developers”. And choose some SMTP server that fits your needs. &#xA;In this program turns your workstation into the real SMTP server and it will store the emails your application sent into some specific folder as a text file. So, you could check that your application had sent the email and look its content.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;But, if the first case is not appropriate for you, then you could use the POP3 client in your Java code. Your Application will send the email using the real smtp server, that email will be stored on the Gmail server and then you could receive it using your test code.&#xA;You could change/allow the POP3 protocol in the Gmail settings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, automated checking of the text formatting through the Gmail interface will be really painful for automation. But if you want to check that the application had sent the email, and the email is in the server and it has correct content – use a POP3 client/Development SMTP Server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorDisplayName="user5554" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T11:03:46.437" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T11:03:46.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1431" CreationDate="2012-01-19T23:51:53.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Making elementary mistakes is always acceptable when you notice those mistake.  Silk (4Test) and Perl (I have this skillset too!) is more high level languages. This languages are much easy then C++. When you do mistake in Silk code – it is not so important and you always can fix it, because it is not a production code. When you programming in Perl – you do not need to think about some additional array boundary checking or exception handling and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, even when you are programming in Perl, you have to think in Perl and follow the best practices for that particular language. &#xA;The same think is about C++. When you are programming in C++ you should not think in Perl, but learn how to think in C++. &#xA;You cannot open file in C++ and die if this operation fails. And you should not use hashes everywhere, because you have to use classes in C++. &#xA;Thinking in C++ requires a lot more time. And this situation is complicated with COM that is not so easy too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my past project, the new developers  have to write tests in C++ and COM for our application API for about a year. And only about a year of doing such testing, the senior Developers allows them to write some small production code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-01-19T23:51:53.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2442" CreationDate="2012-01-20T00:13:39.157" Score="11" ViewCount="506" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_thinking&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Systems thinking&lt;/a&gt; is tremendously relevant to any professional tester, but few testers study it, despite the obvious benefits of learning techniques/approaches that allow you to study systems in terms of the relationships and interactions between their component parts and with other systems (as opposed to studying just the components in isolation and assuming that they'll work the same when you put them together - doesn't that sound a familiar problem to any tester?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What good learning resources are there out there for testers who want to learn more?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any good tasters out there to tempt testers entirely new to the idea?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What about more practical advice on how you might start applying different systems concepts?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any key texts that are worth getting hold of?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any great communities/forums where you could discuss what you're learning?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:12:48.630" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:12:48.630" Title="What learning resources are there for testers who want to study Systems Thinking?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2794" CreationDate="2012-01-20T00:38:50.410" Score="6" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;Causal loop diagrams seem like a really powerful tool for modelling a system - but I have no experience with applying them to my testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you use causal loop diagrams? How do you use them, and what helps you create effective ones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2012-03-11T15:27:54.697" Title="How can I use causal loop diagrams to help me test?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2440" CreationDate="2012-01-20T09:21:54.443" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's Weinbergs &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Introduction-General-Systems-Thinking-Anniversary/dp/0932633498&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Introduction to General Systems Thinking&quot;&lt;/a&gt; book and his Volume 1 of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dorsethouse.com/books/qsm1.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Quality Software Management&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (two the other volumes are also probably appropriate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found a few good reads on this website &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thesystemsthinkingreview.co.uk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;The Systems Thinking Review&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, &#xA;e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thesystemsthinkingreview.co.uk/index.php?pg=18&amp;amp;backto=1&amp;amp;utwkstoryid=349&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Planting potatoes the right way&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully others will add to this, I'll be really interested to see what they come up with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-11T02:14:04.123" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T02:14:04.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2411" CreationDate="2012-01-20T09:26:30.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I handle this is to create WebDriver extensions in an IWebDriverExtensions Class so that the JQuery or Javascript methods are always available through your driver object. The driver object is cast to IjavaScriptExecutor allowing you to execute the JavaScript or Jquery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also create any other extension methods you need in he same class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two examples use JQuery or JavaScript to show hidden elements on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Extensions Class&#xA;public static class IWebDriverExtensions&#xA;{&#xA;    public static void ShowHiddenWithJQuery(this IWebDriver driver, string ElementLocator)&#xA;    {&#xA;    //Jquery implementation to show hidden element, where ElementLocator is passed into     &#xA;    //the method along with a locator e.g. ‘div#divname’&#xA;    ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(“$(‘” + ElementLocator + “‘).show();”);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    {&#xA;    public static void ShowHiddenWithJavaScript(this IWebDriver driver, string     &#xA;    ElementLocator)&#xA;    //Alternative using Javascript&#xA;    ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(“document.getElementById(`” +           &#xA;    ElementLocator + “`).style.display = ‘block’;”);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1545" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T09:26:30.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2401" CreationDate="2012-01-20T12:30:25.843" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;there are not many tutorial or resources as Watir or Selenium have in the internet. And for Watir and Selenium, it is much easier for us to modify , to add plugin or add features to extend it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1820" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T12:30:25.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2012-01-20T14:24:26.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this book really help full&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It takes you step by step from selenium IDE , selenium 1 and selenium 2 (webdriver) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T14:24:26.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2446" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2493" CreationDate="2012-01-20T16:04:03.060" Score="5" ViewCount="5141" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the Python bindings of Selenium Webdriver, I cannot get drag-and-drop working on a &quot;complex&quot; jQuery UI example with &lt;code&gt;ActionChains.drag_and_drop()&lt;/code&gt;. (It does work on a simple example.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My testing indicates that &lt;code&gt;release(target)&lt;/code&gt; is failing, not &lt;code&gt;click_and_hold(source)&lt;/code&gt;. A PasteBin example of my problem is available &lt;a href=&quot;http://pastebin.com/FJWHx0QY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel somewhat powerless when things do not work in WebDriver. How should I go about debugging this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1922" LastEditorUserId="1922" LastEditDate="2012-01-23T12:47:56.730" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T18:32:17.550" Title="Drag-and-drop failing on complex jQuery UI" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2452" CreationDate="2012-01-20T16:46:09.653" Score="9" ViewCount="5427" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I know of sending keys using the WebDriver Python bindings is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.send_keys(value)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I send a key (specifically the Escape key) to no element in particular, just to the window in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1922" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-24T14:20:56.247" LastActivityDate="2020-02-25T07:50:16.310" Title="Send keys to no element in particular" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2440" CreationDate="2012-01-20T17:03:12.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Donella Meadows's &lt;em&gt;Thinking in Systems: A Primer&lt;/em&gt; is a great place to start on dynamic systems and their characteristic patterns.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Thinking-Systems-Donella-H-Meadows/dp/1844077268/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Thinking-Systems-Donella-H-Meadows/dp/1844077268/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1923" LastActivityDate="2012-01-20T17:03:12.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="53" CreationDate="2012-01-20T22:50:35.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although still 'session based' the following tool may help. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mcyrrer/sessionweb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SessionWeb&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1924" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T08:16:03.677" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T08:16:03.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-21T09:46:51.730" Score="2" ViewCount="15617" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a Selenium application. As per our requirement it must run every 5 minutes. How can I achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1925" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T15:10:48.553" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T07:50:08.637" Title="How to schedule a Selenium application to run periodically?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;scheduling&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-05T06:11:06.653" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2012-01-21T12:06:31.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My suggestions and approach based on the current info provided by you would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please flesh out the question. If you are interested in a more specific/zeroed in  solution,  give us  the environment, selenium version and other aspects you  think would help us help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else help yourself on this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2370/running-selenium-tests-as-a-scheduled-task&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;, which has some useful piece of info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1316" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-01-21T12:06:31.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2447" CreationDate="2012-01-21T12:08:07.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/FrequentlyAskedQuestions#Q%3a_How_do_I_handle_pop_up_windows?&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How do I handle pop up windows?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebDriver offers the ability to cope with multiple windows. This is&#xA;  done by using the &quot;WebDriver.switchTo().window()&quot; method to switch to&#xA;  a window with a known name. If the name is not known, you can use&#xA;  &quot;WebDriver.getWindowHandles()&quot; to obtain a list of known windows. You&#xA;  may pass the handle to &quot;switchTo().window()&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-01-21T12:08:07.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2012-01-21T20:04:05.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is nothing builtin to Selenium for running a test every five minutes.  However, there are many Java scheduling packages available, e.g. Quartz.  If you can tell us what research you have done already, we may be able to provide more specific advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T15:23:37.457" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T15:23:37.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2420" CreationDate="2012-01-22T02:15:04.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote a couple of blogs about this subject some time ago based on my experience with some Agile teams where they were having issues finding the correct testers and ended up having developer perform testing tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first post is called &lt;a href=&quot;http://qablog.practitest.com/2010/05/why-cant-developers-be-good-testers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Why can't developers be good testers?&lt;/a&gt; and goes over most of the points you listed above (no news here), the second one is called &lt;a href=&quot;http://qablog.practitest.com/2010/12/teaching-programmers-to-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Teaching programers to test&lt;/a&gt; and it covers some of the things we did in order to bring this team up to speed in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically I think that most programmers can do descent testing if they only approach this operation professionally, the problem is that most of them don't have a clue on how to do this and end up running some scenarios as they think about them (most like a new tester does if he doesn't have any training or guidance).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell, you need to start by understanding the limitations of developers when they tests (a) their code, and (b) any code.  If you do this then at least you are not diving blindly into the task.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then start by making sure your developers understand a little more about the testing process - what can each of them test, how to plan their testing, define some scenarios up front (using any type of brainstorming/mind-mapping session), etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the testing itself, make sure your developers are focused on their task and are not just pressing buttons to &quot;get it over with&quot;.  Define testing sessions and how to approach the times when they will &quot;feel&quot; they have nothing else to test, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, I think it is mostly about mindsets and approaching the testing professionally.  If you want to test seriously, you will be able to find the issues in the code, but if you see testing as a burden and a waste of time, you will just try to get the &quot;dirty task&quot; done and you'll surely miss even some of the most trivial issues in the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-joel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="359" LastActivityDate="2012-01-22T02:15:04.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1894" CreationDate="2012-01-22T02:54:00.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My guess is that your element is not present.  the Click() method using the Firefox driver doesn't work like ClickAndWait in the Selenium IDE.  You must explicitly do an implicit wait before you click on something.  My guess is that you had 2 clicks right in a row, and it's failing on the second click because that element doesn't exist yet, because the first click submitted a form or something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call this method before the line of code that's failing.  You'll need to find the Java implementation of this C# code, but I think it might solve your issue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static IWebElement FindElement(this IWebDriver driver, By by, int timeoutInSeconds)&#xA;{&#xA;    if (timeoutInSeconds &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;    {&#xA;        var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds));&#xA;        return wait.Until(drv =&amp;gt; drv.FindElement(by));&#xA;    }&#xA;    return driver.FindElement(by);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-01-22T02:54:00.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2420" CreationDate="2012-01-23T01:06:51.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follow a process, involving:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;design inspection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;code inspection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic iteration may look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;read the requirements,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write a design (anything from a big ass document to classes and methods list),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;review your design,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make someone inspect your design,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write unit tests,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;review unit tests,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make someone inspect your unit tests,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write code,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;review code,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make someone inspect your code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Software_Process&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PSP&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_Software_Process&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TSP&lt;/a&gt;, for example, insists on the strong separation between the &quot;write&quot; and &quot;review&quot; steps, which means you: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write design/tests/code,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stop at some point and claim it finished,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;then take a walk/shower/nap/lunch, return and review it by yourself,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fix found issues,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;give the result to some fellow developer for inspection.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very important to &lt;strong&gt;take your time on both review and inspection&lt;/strong&gt;, something like 30+ minutes per page, depending on contents complexity.&#xA;Do not forget to reserve time for the review/inspection in the project's schedule (PSP/TSP suggests it to be ~50%).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T01:06:51.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2459" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2473" CreationDate="2012-01-23T09:24:22.257" Score="46" ViewCount="52515" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my team, we use Selenium for automation of functional testing. We also do a lot of manual regression testing to make sure the appearance of the rendered web pages is ok. I would like to develop a framework, that would allow comparing screenshots of the &quot;base&quot; live web page, and the web page on the test server after applying the software update. I believe this will drastically reduce the amount of manual regression testing we need to do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like the framework to be able to detect portions of web pages that were rendered differently from each other. An example of such functionality can be &lt;a href=&quot;http://expression.microsoft.com/en-us/dd565874&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;seen here.&lt;/a&gt; (first image in the article)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never worked with image processing and would need ideas on what algorithms are already publicly available that would help me with the task. From what I can see, the simple pixel-by-pixel comparison would not work well, because it does not account for the concept of elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or am I approaching this problem from a completely wrong direction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1940" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:01:35.607" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T20:37:46.427" Title="Compare screenshots of rendered web pages" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;image-based-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="18" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="31" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2012-01-23T10:24:30.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if this would be what you're looking for, but, have you checked out &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sikuli&lt;/a&gt;?  I've never used it myself, but, I've seen it recommended here a few times for the same type of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T10:24:30.427" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2012-01-23T10:28:34.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There should be opensource frameworks for image comparison out there. So you could use your existing Selenium stack to navigate through pages, then trigger given image processing framework.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also worked with one guy, that did browser automation in AutoIt, and implemented in it image comparison. But later he switched to some external library for image comparison as it was fast.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Selenium2 you could start with &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/fighting-layout-bugs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="85" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:07:10.090" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:07:10.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2462" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2466" CreationDate="2012-01-23T11:43:21.873" Score="5" ViewCount="4391" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5858699/how-to-simulate-ctrlclick-with-watir-webdriver&quot;&gt;similar question&lt;/a&gt; concerning Watir-WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to do Ctrl+click on a DOM element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1922" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2020-06-06T01:25:25.537" Title="Ctrl+Click using WebDriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2012-01-23T13:36:46.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a quick question though - are you sure this is an avenue you want to go down? How many pages are you looking to check? Over a certain amount of pages, the time it takes to run the checks negates the value of the checks. This on top of tweaking the config to strip out false negatives. Add to this any dynamic data will throw out the comparison - one of our bugbears is googlemaps being slightly different each time the page is rendered&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T13:36:46.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2012-01-23T13:40:15.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With regards to Microsoft Expression, there is loads of software out there to help you do manual verification. Examples include: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://browserlab.adobe.com/en-us/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://browserlab.adobe.com/en-us/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://browsershots.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are also great because they can be used for x-browser testing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T13:40:15.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2420" CreationDate="2012-01-23T13:52:37.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm largely just reinforcing what has been said before (such as suggestions from Dale &amp;amp; knb):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test first - build the automated checks into the software to help ensure you developing the thing right&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Peer review each others code / pair program&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequent code retrospectives to ensure all Programmers are on same page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remembering the Business Users are only actors pretending to be Real Users, can you get Real Users involved? Either get them in to UAT environment or make releases to production which only a limited no. of Users can access (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A/B_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;e.g. AB Testing&lt;/a&gt;)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T13:52:37.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2462" CreationDate="2012-01-23T14:22:53.747" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;q=webdriver%20ctrl%20click&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google search of &quot;webdriver ctrl click&quot;&lt;/a&gt; turned up this result: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ctrl+click requires three actions: a send_keys action to press the CTRL key, then a click action, and then another send_keys action to release the CTRL key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T14:22:53.747" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2467" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2470" CreationDate="2012-01-23T15:34:19.400" Score="13" ViewCount="2934" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are building an application using a completely test-driven approach.  As developers, we are very familiar with unit tests but haven't been exposed to integrated / functional / acceptance tests.  Hence this post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application exposes a web UI (HTML resources), which invokes a secured REST API (with JSON serialization), which then delegates to a core domain model (transactional application services and business entities) independent of any delivery mechanism.  The REST API is to be made public eventually.  Persistence is achieved using a relational database and an ORM.  A standard Java / Spring / Hibernate technology stack is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we wanted to do pure TDD, we would be writing the following tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium / WebDriver tests for the web UI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integration tests for the REST API&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integration tests for the application service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integration tests for the repository (persistence)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit tests for the web controllers (REST API)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit tests for the application service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit tests for the validator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By integration tests, I mean tests that target a fully functional application deployed on a production-like environment.  By unit tests, I mean tests that target individual classes for which collaborators / dependencies have been replaced by test doubles (mocks, stubs, whatever).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly, every test has a different perspective (user-centric for web tests, API consumer-centric for API tests, developer-centric for others) and validates different assertions (HTML element contents for web tests, HTTP responses and status codes for API tests, database contents and exceptions for application tests, edge cases for unit tests, etc.).  But there's also a lot of overlap between all these tests, particularly when it comes to fixtures (e.g. user cannot register if other user with same email is already registered).  As such, we could avoid writing some of these tests by focusing on the higher layers (e.g. only write the web test for the user registration with duplicate email case), but the lower layers would then be exposed if they were to be reused by a different client (e.g. application services used by a batch client).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we end up wondering how useful writing all these tests will be and how we can be more efficient in our approach.  What is your take on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize this is more a discussion-type question than one that has a clear and verifiable answer, so if this is not the appropriate forum, would you please direct me to the best forum for these discussions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1050" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T02:32:34.713" Title="How to avoid redundant tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2467" CreationDate="2012-01-23T16:32:37.823" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spiff,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you suspect, there are no magic bullet answers to your question, but I can offer some suggestions to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wherever possible, look to code any particular action exactly once and reuse it multiple times.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whereever possible, drive your tests with a combination of object-oriented and data-driven test code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where you can string together a sequence of unit-level tests and functional tests, do this: if you can code your functional actions in the form of a function to click a link, and pass in the page, link information, and expected result from a text file you'll need precisely one unit of code to handle clicking a link, and can use this in multiple locations for process flow testing. Similar routines for combo selection, button clicking and so forth mean that you can minimize the duplication effort.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If multiple test runs are exercising the same part of the application, make the data validation part of exactly one run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document your testing as you go. I'm working with a script codebase that's got over half a million lines of code, almost as many lines of data and performs about that many test cases, most of it poorly documented if there's any documentation at all. Working out which bit does what is such a pain that there's a lot of duplication in there, and the legacy effect is nightmarish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully that gives you a good starting point to consider. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T16:32:37.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2012-01-23T16:59:21.650" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look into the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javamail/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Javamail&lt;/a&gt; API and &lt;a href=&quot;http://quintanasoft.com/dumbster/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dumbster&lt;/a&gt; (Fake SMTP Server).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1941" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T16:59:21.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2467" CreationDate="2012-01-23T17:01:07.903" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Writing and maintaining automated tests is a big investment and it is ok to start slowly&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is expensive to write and maintain automated tests.  If the tests are written in an ineffective way, the investment may not pay off.  Similarly, if the tests require a great deal of maintenance, either because of how the tests are written or because the interfaces under test are changing quickly, your investment may not pay off.  As with any big investment, it is worthwhile to ease into the process so that to you have time to experiment and to recover from mistakes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated UI tests are especially fragile, and you still need to test manually&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, UI tests tend to be more fragile than API-level tests.  Browers continue to evolve, and it seems to me that every new browser release requires changes to Selenium, and sometimes changes to my tests as well.  If the HTML does not use element IDs in the appropriate places, your test must identify elements by less permanent means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of that, some aspects of the UI will still require human scrutiny: layout, wording, use of color, fonts, and graphics, and usability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing is a means to an end, not an end in itself&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our jobs are difficult and complex, and it is tempting to look for absolute answers that will solve problems unconditionally.  However, each developer and each project are different.  Some developers like to code fast and use automated tests to find mistakes.  Other developers may think for a long time before writing a single line of code, and consequently make fewer mistakes.  As long as their quality is high, it does not matter how they go about their jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, even for the same developer, there may be variation in the quality of their work depending on what they are working on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once believed that everyone should write automated tests for everything, but after working with a variety of teams of different sizes, skills and experiences, I believe the right answer is more complicated and messy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consider writing automated tests when any other kind of testing is time-consuming, error-prone, and/or repetitive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some problems lend themselves more readily to automated testing than others.  Focusing on areas that are clearly difficult to test by any other means will help you make good investments in your valuable time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Talk to each other&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some duplication of effort is inevitable if you are ambitious about testing, but you can reduce it by talking to each other about what you test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T17:01:07.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2471" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2475" CreationDate="2012-01-23T18:03:32.080" Score="3" ViewCount="1419" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to wrap around Selenium 2.0 WebDriver Test Cases with anything other than NUnit for C# code?  Or perhaps NUnit has a nice application to do this with?  If not, how can I wrap around the code.  I would like to create a web interface that displays the results of our test cases and logs information about successes/failures of each test case.  How can this be done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-08-29T03:01:53.790" Title="Is there an Interface to Run Selenium 2.0 WebDriver Test Cases other than NUnit?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2471" CreationDate="2012-01-23T19:08:37.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is just an API.  You should be able to use it with any C# test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T19:08:37.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2012-01-23T19:31:12.103" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd take a look at Google QualityBots.  It's generally used for comparing websites on multiple versions of Chrome, but looks very similar to what you are trying to do. I personally haven't had time to try it out myself mainly because of its use of EC2 machines. Other than that, it is open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here is an article about it on &lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.com/2011/10/unleash-qualitybots.html&quot;&gt;Google's testing Blog&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And the &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/qualitybots/&quot;&gt;project page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-07-08T11:43:43.750" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T11:43:43.750" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2471" CreationDate="2012-01-23T21:29:09.623" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it possible to wrap around Selenium 2.0 WebDriver Test Cases with&#xA;  anything other than NUnit for C# code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes. Extending the user246’s answer, Selenium is just a library that allows you to manipulate with web pages.  Unit Test Framework wraps your tests and helps you to run the  tests and produce the test execution report with number of passed/failed tests. You can also use MS Test, NUnit, xUnit or any other test framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Or perhaps NUnit has a nice application to do this with? If not, how&#xA;  can I wrap around the code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, NUnit is good for this as any other unit test framework. Any popular test framework produces the test execution results as the XML file. From this XML file you could generate any HTML/PDF report you want.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would like to create a web interface that displays the results of&#xA;  our test cases and logs information about successes/failures of each&#xA;  test case. How can this be done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several open source and/or free  tools that can schedule tests and produce online report.&#xA;Please consider Jenkins or TeamCity or any other Continious Integration server. &#xA;But, it will be much easier if you start from generating offline HTML report and just send it by email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-01-23T21:29:09.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2478" CreationDate="2012-01-24T03:29:49.220" Score="8" ViewCount="243" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’m a Software QA Engineer at a small web development company and I need help wrapping my brain around implementing a new process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of recently, my shop only handled ‘one-offs’. We would work on projects where the development schedule was measured in weeks and after deployment we would rarely need to touch the project. Since our development cycle is so short there didn’t seem to be a need for functional automation. But, just recently we have been asked by a client to take over maintenance on their site we are about to create for them. This will involve the full Development, Testing, Support, Implementing 3rd party plugs (Which will also need to be tested). In order for this to work for me and to not get overwhelmed several months down the road, I want to start implementing automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since my language of choice is python, I’ve installed the selenium module and have been playing with Webdriver. What I need help with if figuring out where this all fits into the Development Life Cycle. I feel if I wait until I get the full product it’s too late, or if I start too soon I will just be wasting my time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if someone could explain their current project cycle or lead me to a few blogs that explains theirs, that would be awesome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for giving me any info you can!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T17:09:07.920" Title="Where does Automation creation happen w/in the Development Cycle?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2476" CreationDate="2012-01-24T07:33:03.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start early, even before the actual software.&#xA;This will give you many benefits-&#xA;1. You have the luxury of evaluating several tools or automation designs&#xA;2. Your tools, even if not complete, can help the developers test their code in early stages.&#xA;3. Your final product (i.e. automation code) will be better suited for the actual product&#xA;4. Bringing up your automation will serve as kind of exploratory testing, exactly when it is needed- during features development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T07:33:03.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2476" CreationDate="2012-01-24T09:13:02.320" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can, try &amp;amp; promote the idea of test first development (aka TDD, BDD, ATDD, Specification By Example) with Continuous Integration (frequent commits to a pipeline such as Hudson or GO from Thoughtworks which continuously runs the automated checks to see if any of them have broken after a recent commit)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before Developers write the code, they write an automated test (check) which fails due to there being no code executed. They then write the code to make the automated check pass. Finally they tidy up the code (refactor).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will result in the functionality / logic of the code largely being tested (checked) by the Developers as they write the code. As a Tester with my current client, I pair with the Developers to help identify the automated checks I'd like to see before any code is written. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These automated checks are largely at the unit, integration &amp;amp; container (requires webserver) levels as these are the quickest / cheapest to run, but we also have GUI level automated checks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prior to committing the code to the pipeline, the Developers demo the code &amp;amp; the Tester &amp;amp; BA to ensure it meets the requirements. The Tester then explores the software &amp;amp; code on the Developers machine to exercise edge cases &amp;amp; see if there are any problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any problems do arise, the Developer writes a failing check to reproduce the problem, fixes it &amp;amp; ensure the check passes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the Tester is happy, the Developer commits the code to the pipeline &amp;amp; we then test the code in our integration environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, the only problems we find in integration environment are integration problems! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This frees up a lot of our time help refine requirements with the Customer &amp;amp; BAs to ensure we're building the right thing.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a really high overview of how we operate at my current client site. It may not be the best process, but it works for us. Some links that might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot;&gt;TDD on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/testdrivendevelopment/&quot;&gt;TDD Yahoo Groups&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/wordpress/&quot;&gt;Lisa Crispins blog, with a link to her book co-authored with Janet Gregory, a great resource!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club - another great resource for asking questions &amp;amp;/or finding answers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.duncannisbet.co.uk/testing-is-dead-is-it-do-i-now-cease-to-exist&quot;&gt;A blog post of mine with some great resources on how testing is changing&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/continuousIntegration.html&quot;&gt;Continuous Integration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many, many more resources - try Googling &quot;agile testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duncs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T09:13:02.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2012-01-24T11:04:53.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see you are using chromeDriver. There are more unsolved questions: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8895317/drag-and-drop-with-chromedriver&quot;&gt;&quot;Drag-and-drop with ChromeDriver&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8833835/python-selenium-webdriver-drag-and-drop&quot;&gt;&quot;Python Selenium WebDriver drag-and-drop&quot;&lt;/a&gt; so if you can not find problem, maybe it at this time unsolvable then I suggest try run test with different browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always you should be 100% sure that for &lt;code&gt;drag_and_drop&lt;/code&gt; method you give correct parameters. I see you check visibility but to be sure I recommend two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;sleep(15)&lt;/code&gt; before &lt;code&gt;actionChains.drag_and_drop&lt;/code&gt;. I use sleep method only for debug purpose. If it works with long sleep then it means that methods like waitForElement or waitForPageLoad is incorrectly implemented  (need improve).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;print out in console info about &lt;code&gt;drag_and_drop&lt;/code&gt; source and targer objects just before it uses as parameters. Try print out &lt;em&gt;tag name&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;id&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;class&lt;/em&gt; or something which make sure that correct elements are used. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned that Web Application based UI based complex jQuery methods, which means that it can have such functions like change DIV backgrounds when mouse is over or something like that. It can even change DIV element class names, size or other css property which can lead your &lt;code&gt;drag_and_drop&lt;/code&gt; target object different than it was before you start drag it. You can try debug what happens to target element when mouse is over &lt;code&gt;move_to_element&lt;/code&gt; print out info about mouse_on_target element object, compare with target_before_mouse_on object. Even if object mouse_on_target did't changed something on parent element can be changed. In this case Java trows special exception &lt;code&gt;InvalidElementStateException&lt;/code&gt; when I try use such element. However I do not know how python react in mentioned case. You can try test with entering target coordinates manually using &lt;code&gt;drag_and_drop_by_offset&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/py/webdriver/selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(see on documentation) &lt;/a&gt;. With this method at least you will know on which place it try release target.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T11:04:53.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2105" CreationDate="2012-01-24T13:38:47.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Similar question posted on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/forum/topics/android-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robotium&lt;/a&gt; looks like it help fulfill some of your needs? (props to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profile/StephenJanaway&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Stephen Janaway&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T13:38:47.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2476" CreationDate="2012-01-24T15:49:41.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated testing makes the most sense when the interface is fixed and the implementation is likely to change: &lt;em&gt;interface fixed&lt;/em&gt; because otherwise you waste time chasing a moving target, and &lt;em&gt;implementation likely to change&lt;/em&gt; because otherwise there will be no reason to run your test after the first release. (To illustrate this idea, one reason automation developers like web sites that use predictable element IDs is that they provide a more stable (fixed) interface to test against than a mere DOM hierarchy.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goal, then, will be to choose a point in the development cycle when the interface you test against is stable enough that you will &lt;em&gt;spend more time testing than catching up to changes&lt;/em&gt;.  There is no cut and dried method for making this choice -- after all, you are trying to predict the future -- but you can improve your chances of success by letting your developers know what you are trying to do and monitoring your developers' progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-24T16:45:46.700" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T16:45:46.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2476" CreationDate="2012-01-24T17:09:07.920" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend seriously looking at building a framework that has the absolute minimum of repeated script code - this has the advantage of minimising update work. Similarly, I'd consider data-driven scripts with an object-oriented framwork where you're building your transaction objects to harness the application's features. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way, as the application grows and adds functions, you can plug in function modules with minimal need to rewrite your earlier code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good mapping of web objects to automation objects is essential, too - how complex it needs to be depends on the nature of the web application code, as is working with developers to ensure that the web objects they're generating have sufficient hooks to allow your scripts to access them (This can be as simple as putting an item ID into the web object's attributes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably want to avoid functional and flow automation until each phase of development has stabilized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of development cycle, I'd honestly categorize automation as its own development cycle with design, building, testing and so forth in its own cycles, and with a dependency on a stable application to test against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-01-24T17:09:07.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2483" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-25T07:15:42.310" Score="5" ViewCount="309" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am slowly but surely starting to lean towards selenium 2.0 as everyone is really making a big fuss about it. I would like to know how much different is selenium 2.0 from the previous version apart from the WebDriver API. That is in my opinion about the only difference i have read about or seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would anyone recommend me use Selenium 2.0 from here onward? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1908" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:54:04.803" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:54:04.803" Title="How is Selenium 2.0 different from the previous version, apart from the WebDriver API?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2483" CreationDate="2012-01-25T09:59:38.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its good news that you are veering towards Selenium 2.0. Please go ahead.  If you want to know more about the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can try this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/5869227/948641&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; , from good old stack flow where it    appears    to have been discussed earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In addition, you could try out this &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/01_introducing_selenium.html#brief-history-of-the-selenium-project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bit&lt;/a&gt; , wherein the brief history of the Selenium project is discussed. from this you could glean the path followed and the reason for the merger and thus       indirectly some of the differences. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you are thirsty for more ,there is an interesting &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aosabook.org/en/selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt;  by Simon Stewart, which can be extremely useful to  know in depth  motivations behind the Selenium2 and its evolution history with       Selenium1 in mind apart from the architecture and roadmap.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And finally, Google can throw up several other relevant links, apart    from the ones mentioned above if you search with the keywords mentioned in the title of your question.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1316" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T13:31:01.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2485" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2486" CreationDate="2012-01-25T13:38:11.947" Score="15" ViewCount="68632" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that WebDriver can locate &lt;em&gt;links&lt;/em&gt; through their text, using &lt;code&gt;find_element_by_link_text&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;find_element_by_partial_link_text&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to locate any element (such as &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt;, ...) by text?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1922" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-07T22:41:21.210" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T06:14:08.543" Title="WebDriver: find elements by text" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2485" CreationDate="2012-01-25T14:17:31.877" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.  WebDriver supports using an XPath to locate an element by the text it contains.  For example, the following XPath locates any div containing the string &quot;Hello Justin&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[contains(.,'Hello Justin')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-04-06T21:25:00.757" LastActivityDate="2012-04-06T21:25:00.757" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2489" CreationDate="2012-01-25T14:24:36.363" Score="3" ViewCount="679" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to test a page without a security certificate, which Chrome flags up. This blocks my tests. (I have to manually click &quot;Proceed anyway&quot;. Is there a way to disable this warning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AQey1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1922" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-25T16:27:01.763" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T13:21:31.157" Title="Going past the Chrome security warning" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2487" CreationDate="2012-01-25T15:07:04.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what test tool you are using, but can't you just add a click to dismiss this dialog into your script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T15:07:04.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2487" CreationDate="2012-01-25T16:06:26.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The warning says Chrome does not trust the certificate's issuer.  If you have the certificate of the CA that signed camvine.codeblah.com's certificate, you can import it into Chrome's trusted authority list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T16:06:26.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2490" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2492" CreationDate="2012-01-25T16:21:19.543" Score="7" ViewCount="2290" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose you have automation tests (my example uses Selenium) to assert complex business logic for a web site.  What is the best way to assert that thousands of different test cases are outputting the correct values in the software?  I thought about just copying the business logic that the actual software uses for the values we're expecting, but then wouldn't that just be re-inventing the wheel?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to assert that shipping is correct for all order scenarios.  eCommerce site has 50,000 products (let's suppose).  The shipping costs are determined based on the shipping provider and rates for each client, extra handling fees, base shipping rates whether the user is a wholesaler, retailer, might factor in product quantity thresholds depending on types of items ordered, etc.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we move this business logic (from our site server code) to our assert business logic in our Selenium code library when the automation test cases run for all products?  Or should we hard code the shipping cost for thousands of products given the parameters of those test cases?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me rephrase the question...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the test cases I've done in the past have been making sure site features don't break when enhancements are made to our software (ie: all pages in a workflow work and don't crash--like placing an order, create a product given a set of values and making sure the product has the same values when editing the product, redirects work properly, etc..).  Those test cases are simple to write.  However, with what I'm asking in this question, I'd like to assert/validate that shipping costs (essentially output values based on a set of parameters) are correct based on our business logic.  What is the best methodology/approach for this validity testing of business logic?  Do I simply move the business logic from our server code to our Selenium class library code to make sure shipping is correct for all products?  Or should we have a spreadsheet/matrix of what our parameters are and the expected values and hard code in our Selenium test cases?  I expect the business logic to get more complex in the future, but we need to make sure the shipping costs are coming out the same for products we don't expect the business logic to change in the future.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pricing is more complex than shipping (with discounts, etc..) so I'd like to use the same methodology for that as well.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-11-11T15:05:09.653" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:24:41.640" Title="What's the best approach to asserting dynamically generated values with selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2490" CreationDate="2012-01-25T16:42:49.087" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;MacGyver,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the first places to look is what level of coverage of the business logic exists in unit tests. If the unit tests are covering your boundary logic, fee logic and so forth, then you don't need to do more than run tests and ensure that the end data is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the case where you're looking at the correct end date, I'd recommend a harness that will process a test step independently, can string them all together, and pull from a data store to generate multiple transactions. Your data could be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;STEPKIND=NEWSALE, ACTION=SELECTNEW&quot; &#xA;&quot;STEPKIND=PICKITEM, ACTION=(ItemName)&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When all the transactions run, you pull the data from the system database and run a cell-by-cell comparison. Since while you're building your transaction set you're also building your baseline, the only changes that need to happen after this are adding new transactions and their baseline data - I use this method (with a different tool) for a specialized point of sale system and linked e-commerce site where the correct calculation of shipping amounts, taxes, customer discounts and the like is essential. It works. Any time a refactor breaks calculations, my team knows about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:24:41.640" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:24:41.640" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2490" CreationDate="2012-01-25T17:25:51.310" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you should neither copy nor implement the complex business logic.  (See the answers to  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2365/how-to-test-an-excel-macro-that-selects-groups-and-counts-data-using-sql-query/2369#2369&quot;&gt;How to test an Excel macro that selects, groups, and counts data using SQL query?&lt;/a&gt; about the downsides of that practice.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect you do not have the resources to test the behaviour of 50,000 products.  Here are some alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the business logic against synthetic, canonical products&lt;/strong&gt;.  If you know the business logic -- not the implementation but the expected behaviour -- you could devise a test suite to exercise it.  If you run into combinatorial problems because the number of variables is too large, you may want to try an All-Pairs approach.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1179/what-criteria-do-i-apply-to-a-highly-complex-development-project-to-warrant-gett&quot;&gt;What criteria do I apply to a highly complex development project to warrant getting &amp;quot;real world&amp;quot; data?&lt;/a&gt; for more on that subject.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sample the behaviour for specific products&lt;/strong&gt;.  If you know the business logic but do not want to address the combinatorial problem, you can select a set of products to test that you think are especially important.  Your selection criteria might be based on their financial importance, or on their similarity to other products, or some other business-relevant metric.  I personally do not like this approach, but I have seen organizations use it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression-test the behaviour for specific products&lt;/strong&gt;.  If you do not know the business logic, but you have reasons to believe that the current results are correct for a set of products, you can capture those results and compare them against the results of future releases.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If possible, I recommend performing these tests at the API level rather than the UI level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if the business logic is truly complex, you should investigate whether it can be tested at a lower level, i.e. a component at a time.  (I will not dwell on whether that would be considered unit testing, or whether such testing is the province of developers or testers.  If it makes sense to test at a lower level, your team will need to figure that out for themselves.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:24:18.447" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:24:18.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2446" CreationDate="2012-01-25T18:32:17.550" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's ChromeDriver, I had the same problem. Turns out you have to insert a dummy drag operation in between, like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        Actions builder = new Actions(GuiOps.driver);&#xA;&#xA;        // Click and hold fromElem&#xA;        builder = builder.ClickAndHold(fromElem);&#xA;&#xA;        // If this is Chrome, insert a tiny move-by-offset call.&#xA;        // See http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=92312 for more details.&#xA;        if (driver is OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome.ChromeDriver)&#xA;        {&#xA;            builder = builder.MoveByOffset(1, 1);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Then move to the target and release:&#xA;        builder.MoveToElement(toElem, offsetX, offsetY).Release().Build().Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T18:32:17.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2487" CreationDate="2012-01-25T18:37:34.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't tried this yet, but I will have to in the future so I've done some research and found this link:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/support/chrome/bin/answer.py?answer=142059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com/support/chrome/bin/answer.py?answer=142059&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I create new profiles when using firefox, but this doesn't work in all browsers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the question of whether you can just click on the accept button, the answer is no.  It is not recognized by selenium.  Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1951" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T18:37:34.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2495" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2496" CreationDate="2012-01-25T20:10:16.580" Score="6" ViewCount="2275" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've researched this to some extent already by searching StackOverflow and SQA, but cannot find the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to open a new WebDriver browser window from the current FirefoxDriver (IWebDriver) instance, or do I need to instantiate a new FirefoxDriver instance?  It would be nice to open a new tab, but I read that this is not possible with WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The [hidden] part of my question .. bonus if you know, but not required.  :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also, I don't even need to see this browser window, so I'd prefer that it's hidden.  Does the browser need to be seen or can I do the webdriver tests without having the task/browser open in Windows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T18:53:16.657" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T18:53:16.657" Title="Open [hidden] new window in webdriver without instantiating new driver in WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2495" CreationDate="2012-01-25T22:15:28.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can interact with a window that is spawned as part of the automated test with this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void startSelenium() &#xA;{&#xA;   driver_ = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;   selenium_ = new WebDriverBackedSelenium(driver_,&#xA;  &quot;https://....com&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA; for (String handle : driver_.getWindowHandles())&#xA;{&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;win &quot; + handle);&#xA;      driver_.switchTo().window(handle);&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;href: &quot; + selenium_.getLocation());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't tested this code, I got it from this page along with additional info: &lt;a href=&quot;http://osdir.com/ml/selenium-users/2011-04/msg00440.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://osdir.com/ml/selenium-users/2011-04/msg00440.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second question about a hidden browser, I would suggest using the HTMLUnit driver. This would also solve any issues with simultaneous interaction with both windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T18:50:24.940" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T18:50:24.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2012-01-25T23:43:30.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am actively using Telerik Test Studio at the moment.  It is a pretty powerful record and playback tool and long with a pretty solid framework that is similar in structure to WatiN and Selenium RC.  With Test Studio the underlying test framework is free but the record and playback studio piece is not.  It has plugin integration with VS 2008 and 2010 which makes it really nice when you want to add some coded steps into a record and playback piece.  You can evaluate it for free however so you might take a peek at it if you are interested.  I have not used it yet for WPF testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T23:43:30.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2401" CreationDate="2012-01-25T23:57:29.197" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would imagine cost is the principle reason you don't find as much.  A lot of departments simply don't have budget for tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-01-25T23:57:29.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2499" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2501" CreationDate="2012-01-26T03:17:17.923" Score="8" ViewCount="2026" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need help figuring out a test methods for Google Analytic. Our client pushes out a lot of marketing campaigns and they love using GA to track what is working, what is not working and where to focus their efforts next time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The client was under the impression that Google Analytics code could not be tested on a Dev or QA server without screwing with the Prod Data. So up until now they have just deployed the code up to a production server and hoped it worked. Then when it didn’t, have the Dev perform a fire drill to get it done before the marketing push. So my plan is to figure out an awesome way to test Google Analytics that is fast and efficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding of GA is very limited. I mostly use it to see what browsers people are using to connect with out site. &#xA;So this is what I have thought of so far...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) I had them create me a test analytics code to use on Dev and QA, so I don’t mess with their Production statistics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) I can easily write a scripts that scans all the sites and verifies the GA js on all appropriate pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) I know of the ‘__utm.gif’ file and that it’s a sign that GA is sending info out to the server, but is there a way to parse the url to know what it’s sending?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other options do I have for testing GA?  What else should I be looking for? How are you guys testing GA? How do you get around the 1-24hr wait time for the server to update.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1939" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:32:33.450" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T13:32:33.450" Title="Testing/Verifying Google Analytic code" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2499" CreationDate="2012-01-26T04:56:57.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You approach seem to be on the right track&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My suggestion is you can write a custom log in web server everytime when it processes a requests. Alternatively can you try tracking the requests and compare it against google analytics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You custom code / logging query might induce minimal latency impact but if you make it configurable you can switch off this when it goes to production. Enable it only when there is minimal site load (Non-peak hours)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try evaluating with multiple tools (http://www.cloudsurfing.com/site/3582-Google-Analytics/competitors/). Pick two tools and compare analytics results between them. Instead of third party tools i would suggest custom development work (points #1, #2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T04:56:57.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2499" CreationDate="2012-01-26T04:57:51.927" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used to have a very similar problem.  I've found a couple of things work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're already doing the right thing by scanning the pages for the javascript.  You're right, the wait time can be too much, especially when you need quick turn arounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/jnkmfdileelhofjcijamephohjechhna&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Analytics Debugger&lt;/a&gt; add on for Chrome to be the most help with this.  It will allow you to see any information that is being sent.  It's just a small add-on that shows the data that the scripts are sending/would send in the javascript console.  I'm not sure if there's an automated way to check the pages that you need, but, it works wonders when doing manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T04:57:51.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2143" CreationDate="2012-01-26T06:26:15.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've said, Selenium Tests, so I assume that all the automation code is Selenium code. In that case, handling the automation code in the same way handing application code is just wrong. Because there is no need to change the code every time if there no change in test case flow(steps) or locators. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, code base or db is changed not the UI. Another example is UI is redesigned but all those locators remain same. In those cases, automation will work fine even thought lot of things changed in background. This leads to another question, what if two or three teams working side by side and there is locator/UI change is those branches? How to maintain the code for that? Use Tags. If the automation code is separated by modules and locators sit in outside of the code, this is pretty easy to do. You may tag few files and do the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even after all these things, there will be some issue in automating the new things. That is because, as some one said before, communication issue between two teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="644" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T06:26:15.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2503" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-26T13:28:15.627" Score="9" ViewCount="1310" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use case: Fitnesse is used for automated testing of the web site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SUT (software under test) contains a known bug. Say, we expect that web page contains &quot;Changes saved successfully&quot; string but this string is missing because of the bug. So in Fitnesse, this test case is marked as red. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose, in another test case we expect that web page contains &quot;A user created successfully&quot; string. And it worked just fine until the last test execution. So, now this test case is also marked as red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, now we have red light for two test cases: a well known bug and a newly found bug. The problem is they are both marked as red. So when I have a look at test results I can't distinguish which of them are known and new. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, I can compare test history and see the difference between two runnings (with and without a newly created bug). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or I may not execute a test case with a known bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or I can tune it so that this test case has always been green and change it when the bug is fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But all this is very inconvenient. What I want is to distinguish two kinds of bugs (a well known bug and new bug) so that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By looking at test results, I could easily say: this is a new bug and those are old. For example: No bugs - green, Already known bugs - yellow, New bugs - red.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is easy to change test case when the bug is fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the best strategies for acceptance tests, in general, and Fitnesse, in particular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1956" LastEditorUserId="1956" LastEditDate="2012-01-26T15:59:45.567" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T12:30:41.753" Title="Failed automated tests: how to distinguish known and newly introduced bugs?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2503" CreationDate="2012-01-26T14:00:45.813" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your automated tests are currently set up to answer the question &quot;&lt;strong&gt;What isn't working as expected?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you want them to answer the question &quot;&lt;strong&gt;What isn't working that I don't already know about?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your solution is to change the automated tests so that they account for the &quot;known&quot; bugs in one of two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You could comment out the tests which find every known bug, so that they don't execute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You could change the tests which find known bugs to temporarily look for the failure condition, rather than the expected condition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful with either of these solutions! They require you to constantly update your tests every time you write a bug report. And you must remember to re-set your tests whenever you want to again ask the question &quot;What isn't working as expected?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One other trick (which I have used in the past) would be to leave the tests as they are, but save the output log from your automated tests, and compare it to the prior run. That diff would tell you &quot;&lt;strong&gt;What is different in today's run as compared to yesterday's run?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; If the log is constructed correctly (for example, log only failures, and never log the current date/time or other dynamic data), this could help give you the answer you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between yesterday's log and today's log will indicate any new bugs found in today's run, as well as any old bugs that were fixed in today's run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-01-26T14:07:59.667" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T14:07:59.667" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2503" CreationDate="2012-01-26T15:27:49.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not used Fitnesse, but I have dealt with the same problem.  I think there are two related but distinct issues: handling long-term bugs, and identifying new failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Handling long-term bugs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a test fails because of a known bug (an &lt;em&gt;expected failure&lt;/em&gt;), and you know the bug will not be fixed any time soon, you may want to take that into account when interpreting your test results.  Your options include the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not running the test until you expect the bug to be fixed.  This may be attractive if the test takes a long time to run.  You could accomplish this by commenting out the test.  Even better, your test framework may allow you a way to specify an exclusion (a &quot;do not run&quot;) list.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running the test but annotating the expected failures so that you can distinguish them from  other failures.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running the test but excluding the expected failures from the results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identifying new failures&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you want to identify failures in the latest run that did not occur in the previous run.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; provides a way to do this.  Anyone managing a sizable test suite will want to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T15:27:49.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2499" CreationDate="2012-01-26T17:32:44.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also using Fiddler or Firebug to inspect the parameters being passed in the ga js call. That should give you all the data you are sending to google analytics. Once you learn what each parameter means, its easy enough to check if the correct values are being passed by the call (i.e. right action or page)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do this all in realtime so you dont have to wait for google to update your analytics&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1286" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T17:32:44.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2485" CreationDate="2012-01-26T17:54:12.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As User246 mentioned, the xpath support depends on the browser.  I have found a few problems with using XPath cross-browser.  My solution for this problem was to find elements by tag name first, then iterate through the list of elements matching the tag and look for the attributes that I want to match on as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T17:54:12.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2510" CreationDate="2012-01-26T18:28:13.157" Score="4" ViewCount="1694" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for a single source that covers the history of software quality assurance and testing stating what over time were the different approaches, and why practices have evolved the way they have over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1959" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T15:01:34.233" Title="History of Software Quality Assurance &amp; Testing" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2508" CreationDate="2012-01-26T19:22:39.500" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great starting point would be Wikipedia's history sections on the pages for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_testing#History&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_assurance#History&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quality Assurance&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the Wikipedia page for software testing cites an Association for Computing Machinery journal article by Gelperin and Hetzel (1988) titled, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.worldcat.org/title/communications-of-the-acm-cacm-a-publ-of-the-association-for-computing-machinery/oclc/310949457&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Growth of Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&quot; which list the following eras of software testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Until 1956 - Debugging oriented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;1957–1978 - Demonstration oriented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;1979–1982 - Destruction oriented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;1983–1987 - Evaluation oriented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;1988–2000 - Prevention oriented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also browse some of the books returned on Amazon by querying: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias=stripbooks&amp;amp;field-keywords=history%20of%20software%20testing%20and%20quality%20assurance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;history of software testing and quality assurance&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="1959" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T15:01:34.233" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T15:01:34.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2508" CreationDate="2012-01-26T20:35:02.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this site ?&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingreferences.com/testinghistory.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingreferences.com/testinghistory.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-01-26T20:35:02.300" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2508" CreationDate="2012-01-27T07:15:32.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you looking for experience and suggestions about testing I recommend for you check out some books on amazon (depend on experience which you are looking mostly). The fact is that all best testing approaches is not invented without knowledge and failures of past. So you do not need relearn all testing history to reinvent testing approach which cover your application needs. As QA your main goal is check software quality, catch bugs and if you good at this with ad-hoc testing style there are nothing to worry about. However if you need train new software testers I think best write them detailed Test Cases because tester experience gather when working with application. &#xA;Personally I do not believe that books or articles with topic like &quot;Millenium Quality Assurance Failures&quot; could make tester work better with specific application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastEditorUserId="1799" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T07:34:49.797" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T07:34:49.797" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2515" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-27T08:13:53.653" Score="4" ViewCount="1279" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to automate a very short sequence in a web application developped using ICEFaces. I need to click on a button which is coded as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;image&quot; title=&quot;Unterbrechen&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; &#xA;src=&quot;../resources/images/icons/pause_square_red_24.png&quot; &#xA;onfocus=&quot;setFocus(this.id);&quot; onclick=&quot;iceSubmit(form,this,event);return false;&quot;&#xA;onblur=&quot;setFocus('');&quot; name=&quot;formGOC:j_id52:0:j_id5330&quot; &#xA;id=&quot;formGOC:j_id52:0:j_id5330&quot; class=&quot;iceCmdBtn&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But on the next call, the same button is coded as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;image&quot; title=&quot;Unterbrechen&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; &#xA;src=&quot;../resources/images/icons/pause_square_red_24.png&quot; &#xA;onfocus=&quot;setFocus(this.id);&quot; onclick=&quot;iceSubmit(form,this,event);return false;&quot; &#xA;onblur=&quot;setFocus('');&quot; name=&quot;formGOC:j_id52:0:j_id6813&quot; &#xA;id=&quot;formGOC:j_id52:0:j_id6813&quot; class=&quot;iceCmdBtn&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name and id have changed: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;id=&quot;formGOC:j_id52:0:j_&lt;strong&gt;id5330&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;id=&quot;formGOC:j_id52:0:j_&lt;strong&gt;id6813&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, all the ancestor elements change their names and ids in the same pattern too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I reliably identify this button and define a locator for this element in selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1962" LastEditorUserId="1316" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T15:58:20.940" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T11:21:31.943" Title="Selenium automating ICEFaces Application - locator for dynamically generated ids" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2515" CreationDate="2012-01-27T09:48:52.097" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/8970129/948641&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; from  good old stack overflow wherein a similar issue has been discussed/answered. Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1316" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T09:48:52.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2499" CreationDate="2012-01-27T10:39:15.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When testing Google Analytics on a previous project I had the developers add in the ga-debug.js instead of the normal GA.js for the Dev and Test environment only. This debug version shows in plain text all the content that is sent to Google Analytics when an event is fired. &#xA;Details here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/apis/analytics/docs/tracking/gaTrackingTroubleshooting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/apis/analytics/docs/tracking/gaTrackingTroubleshooting.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This lets you to use the console on firebug, chrome dev tools or fiddler to check what you are sending to GA for any event. This works cross browser and also within isolated dev and test environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The chrome plugin Lyndon mentions achieves the same effect but is not cross browser and when I tested it some time ago now it was not as reliable as using the ga_debug.js, but the reliability could easily have improved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never went as far as automating these checks as the overhead was not worth the effort but the ga_debug.js posts the events to the console so if you have a tool that can read the events then automating the checks should be possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1545" LastEditorUserId="1545" LastEditDate="2012-01-27T10:52:15.113" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T10:52:15.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2515" CreationDate="2012-01-27T20:19:51.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of ways to identify an element, and it depends on the structure of the application in question. In your case, the id is dynamic. But, I notice a few things that are not dynamic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All attributes except for id and name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;id and name's prefix (&quot;formGOC:j_id52:0:j_id&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, is it possible that this  is located in a known XPATH location? Maybe it's a child element of another element whose id &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; deterministic. In that case, you could write an XPATH such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id='foo']/input[startswith(@id, 'formGOC:j_id52:0:j_id')]'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2012-01-27T20:19:51.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2012-01-28T02:16:30.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with DuncN in many regards.  Maybe a proof of concept would be helpful to try out before committing a great deal of time to it?  There are paid services that have almost zero setup time and would tell you quickly whether the idea itself will be helpful like MogoTest, which I have used in the past.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It isn't free, but is fairly cheap and might be good to pull examples from for your own development should you choose to &lt;a href=&quot;http://mogotest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;develop on your own.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:06:04.193" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:06:04.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2520" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-28T13:48:30.723" Score="2" ViewCount="1788" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for training on selenium automation testing. I would like expertise on selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have walk-through following books but all are very beginner  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium 1.0 Testing Tools: Beginner's Guide by David Burns&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Simplified by Alan John Richardson&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Testing Tools Interview Questions by Vibrant Publishers, USA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know best online training you know or you had attended &#xA;best website links for Selenium learning&#xA;Best books for selenium &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="14330" LastEditDate="2015-11-11T15:05:16.643" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T15:05:16.643" Title="I am looking for online Training or Books or online resources on selenium automation testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-11-12T16:15:31.363" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1769" CreationDate="2012-01-28T14:13:42.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To learn how to write test-cases and test-plan I prefer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.orangehrm.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.orangehrm.com&lt;/a&gt; web-portal. Free and open source human resource management software (HRMS) with rich features and easy to use interface. You can use this for automation testing also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation testing training you can use any of the following websites:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quikr.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quikr - Free Classifieds&lt;/a&gt;: - Buy/Sell/Rent Anything&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.freecharge.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;freecharge&lt;/a&gt; - FREE Online Prepaid Mobile Recharge &amp;amp; Top Up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jqueryui.com/demos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jQuery UI Demos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T22:07:54.317" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T22:07:54.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1738" CreationDate="2012-01-28T14:59:53.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing Your Oracle ADF Faces Application with Selenium&#xA;How to use Selenium and JUnit together to build unit tests that test Oracle Application Development Framework Web UIs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By John Stegeman&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Published March 2010&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Downloads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oracle JDeveloper Studio Edition&#xA;Selenium&#xA;Sample app (HR Schema install required)&#xA;Oracle Database XE (if needed)&#xA;In addition to testing individual components and pieces of code, it is important to test that the user interface (UI) of a Web application functions as expected. Traditionally, this type of user interface testing is done by real people sitting in front of a computer manually running test scripts to verify that things work correctly. However, manually executing UI testing has some drawbacks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testing takes longer than UI testing because people are inherently slower than computers.&#xA;People can make mistakes running manual tests.&#xA;Manual testing can be expensive—it requires salaries.&#xA;You may not be able to run manual UI testing as often as you like due to the lack of enough testers.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/adf/part6-094560.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;For more details check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T10:39:06.843" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:39:06.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2012-01-28T16:06:43.810" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, the Selenium site itself does not provide much educational material.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Judging from your blog, you are more interested in Selenium as a Java API than as a capture/playback tool.  I think that is the right choice, but it does require some programming skills.  Your blog has articles on elementary Java programming, e.g. &quot;Branching Statements in Java for Selenium Automation&quot;.  I do not know whether that means you are new to Java as well. I will assume that you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think there are three or four areas you need to study to be effective at writing Selenium automation: the Java language, HTML, XPath, and Javascript.  If you are comfortable with all of those, you will be comfortable with Selenium too.  You do not need to be an expert, but you need to know enough that you know where to look for answers and feel confident that you can figure things out.  You may have better luck finding well-written reference materials for those areas than finding an advanced-level Selenium book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people seem to like using &quot;page objects&quot; in their Selenium automation.  I am not one of those people, but a Google seach should turn up plenty of references.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-28T22:28:03.937" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T22:28:03.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2529" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-28T16:27:31.290" Score="-1" ViewCount="9089" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’ve had this happen to me several times now; I’m testing a website, let’s say an airline website, I purchased my ticket and the last step of the flow is to download the ticket in a PDF format to print it. Well end of the road I would think, and just test the PDFs by hand. After all, Selenium only tests HTML pages, I can’t really test the content of the PDF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agilesoftwaretesting.com/?p=166&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://agilesoftwaretesting.com/?p=166&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I add content to get more idea on my Question. I would like to know how to do automation Testing PDF files with Selenium using JAVA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="41490" LastEditDate="2020-12-03T07:52:08.683" LastActivityDate="2020-12-03T07:52:08.683" Title="Testing PDF files with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2012-02-12T03:29:28.480" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-28T16:41:19.290" Score="3" ViewCount="1218" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need more info on logging and debugging framework for Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have referred a  few of the following resources below: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infostretch.com/QA/selenium-framework.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.infostretch.com/QA/selenium-framework.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javacodegeeks.com/2011/01/10-tips-proper-application-logging.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.javacodegeeks.com/2011/01/10-tips-proper-application-logging.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-28T23:59:14.007" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T23:59:14.007" Title="Need more info on logging and debugging framework using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2530" CreationDate="2012-01-28T17:09:15.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From previous questions of yours, it would appear as though you're doing most of your automation in Java.  I'd recommend looking into a logging framework, or, create one for yourself.  I'm not sure about Java, but, in .NET, I'd use tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://logging.apache.org/log4net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;log4net&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://nlog-project.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NLog&lt;/a&gt;.  To create your own, all that you really need is to print your desired content and exceptions to a log file.  Just a regular old textfile has always worked well for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T17:09:15.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2530" CreationDate="2012-01-28T17:50:48.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common logging framework for Java is &lt;a href=&quot;http://logging.apache.org/log4j/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;log4j&lt;/a&gt;.  A Google search will turn up many references, a few tutorials, and even a few books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T17:50:48.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2530" CreationDate="2012-01-28T19:19:49.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used log4j. Development of log4j &lt;a href=&quot;http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/roadmap.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;seems to have gone dormant&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These days I use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slf4j.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Simple Logging Facade for Java (SLF4j) API&lt;/a&gt;, with &lt;a href=&quot;http://logback.qos.ch/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;logback&lt;/a&gt; as the implementation. Selenium internally uses another logging API and implementation (Apache commons logging, I think), but SLF4j offers mechanisms to reroute those other logging calls through your chosen SLF4j implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One nice feature of logback: You can log each test class's output to its own log file. Another: You can write logs in HTML format, which makes them easy to post to intranets where anyone can access them in a browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T19:19:49.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2529" CreationDate="2012-01-28T20:20:39.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a library that allows you to manipulate web pages.&#xA;Selenium does not provide any access to the PDF documents at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article you provided is about parsing PDF in ruby with PDF::Reader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please consider the following discussion about the PDF parsing in java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=%5Bjava%5D%20%5Bpdf%5D%20extract&quot;&gt;Stackoverflow Search results: [java] [pdf] extract&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6831765/what-is-the-easiest-way-to-extract-data-from-a-pdf&quot;&gt;What is the easiest way to extract data from a PDF?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-01-28T20:20:39.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2503" CreationDate="2012-01-28T20:53:15.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using bug-workarounds to handle those “long-term” bugs in the test automation.&#xA;My workflow is following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a bug in the bug-tracker. For instance its id is &lt;code&gt;BUG10666&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a Boolean constant with bug id in its name: &lt;code&gt;const bool is_&#xA;BUG10666_fixed = false;&lt;/code&gt; All the constants for bugs should be placed&#xA;in a separate file. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use the workaround to make the test green&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The test was:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;String actual = “DZis is a Test”;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;String expected = “This is a Test”;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Assert.Equals(actual, actual);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;After workaround:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;String actual = “DZis is a Test”;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;String expected = “This is a Test”;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If (is_ BUG10666_fixed == false) // Workaround for #Put bug description here#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;{&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;expected = “DZis is a Test”;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;}&#xA;  Assert.Equals(actual, actual);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the test case will be green. &#xA;After the developers fix the issue, change the constant value:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;is_ BUG10666_fixed = true&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;to disable workaround. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that you can refactor your code to remove the if-statements for workarounds:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;// If (is_ BUG10666_fixed == false)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as you have put all the workaround switches to a separate file, then you can always know which workarounds are enabled and which are disabled. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have more than 30 failed tests in your suite, then you have definitely missed some new issue because your tests are blocked with known issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you always can enhance this workaround technique, for instance, to have an array of workarounds, so that you could print all the used workarounds in the test report automatically.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am reporting the 99% passed automation runs and the list of used workarounds. &#xA;If one of the workaround had happened – then the last test case in my suite become red and prints all the list of used workarounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T12:30:41.753" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T12:30:41.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2012-01-29T00:12:31.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its very fortunate  that you have been able to walk-through all the books mentioned in your question. Once you have also gone through the  useful suggestions provided in the earlier post, which I am sure you would be able to run through /grasp in no time, you could try adding another crucial ingredient to your learning ,that would &amp;quot;test&amp;quot; your learning  and also teach you something simultaneously:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would term this 'resource' as  'Real-time learning' . Apply whatever you have learnt so far,  on problems/project you are working/interested  in. This would identify any areas you made need more focus and at the same time reinforce your strengths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the areas you need focus on can be found by revisiting  the books and suggestions previously suggested,  well and good. Else, you can post your specific question in site like this, wherein we would try our best to  provide solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This iterative learning and feedback mechanism would hold you in good stead. Also there are several questions which appear in this site which you may be in a position to answer, with the knowledge you have gained after having walked-through the books you mentioned in your question. Give them a try when you have time. Thus in short at this stage, experiential learning is the 'special learning resource' you can try  which would guide you towards the other relevant resources you may need in future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1316" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T17:41:27.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2169" CreationDate="2012-01-29T07:48:52.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You probably better spend 164 CHF and purchase the draft ISO 29119 parts 2 &amp;amp; 3 (parts 1 &amp;amp; 4 are still not for sale), it is partially based on BS 7925-2 and might replace it in the future.&#xA;I'm reading it now, and it seems they did a good job with it, it gives you the right foundation but leaves a lot of context to be added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-01-29T07:48:52.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-01-30T05:24:24.860" Score="1" ViewCount="3264" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to automate an application using Selenium Webdriver.  The moveToElement function fails when the browser is minimized or not active (keep other app active). It works when I keep AUT browser as the active window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;menu=driver.findElement(By.xpath(OwnerName));&#xA;builder.moveToElement(menu).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.Exception: //div[contains(@class,'profileCardBtnsContainer')]//dt[text()='Actions'] is not found on the page with in the time period&#xA; [java]     at main.java.com.ca.saas.UXMedia.utils.Globals.waitForElementPresent(Globals.java:191)&#xA; [java]     at main.java.com.ca.saas.UXMedia.utils.ChatUtils.initiatingChatFromDeviceList(ChatUtils.java:258)&#xA; [java]     at main.java.com.ca.saas.UXMedia.Tests.ChatTests.verifyChatFromDevices(ChatTests.java:1031)&#xA; [java]     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA; [java]     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA; [java]     at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA; [java]     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:76)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:673)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:846)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1170)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.TestRunner.runWorkers(TestRunner.java:1147)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:749)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:600)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:317)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:312)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:274)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:223)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1039)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:964)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:900)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.TestNG.privateMain(TestNG.java:1182)&#xA; [java]     at org.testng.TestNG.main(TestNG.java:1146)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1974" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-01-31T14:22:02.370" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T16:05:03.303" Title="moveToElement function not working on IE when browser is minimized or not active using Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1332" CreationDate="2012-01-30T05:29:32.513" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did some analysis long time back on CSS, jQuery and XPath and I feel jQuery is not giving better results than CSS and XPath. and CSS is little faster than XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1974" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T23:44:59.107" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T23:44:59.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1129" CreationDate="2012-01-30T09:55:18.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Guidelines For Automation Framework Design&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Framework defines a set of guidelines for all phases of test automation: Requirement Analysis, Script Design, Execution, Reporting and maintenance. A framework can be a wrapper around some complex internal architecture which makes it easy to use for the end user. It also enforces a set of standards for implementation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem Statement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no standard set of guidelines available on developing a framework and what all considerations need to be taken during the development of the same. There are different white papers which go over types of framework and how they work. But none of them defines what all factors go in to the design of the same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design guidelines&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This paper covers different aspect of a framework and key features it needs to have based on the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selection of a framework&lt;/strong&gt; – Different types of frameworks that exist are:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   &lt;strong&gt;Data Driven framework&lt;/strong&gt; – Used when flow of the application remains constant, only the data changes. The data is provided by external medium e.g. – excel sheet, XML etc…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   &lt;strong&gt;Keyword driven framework&lt;/strong&gt; – This framework provides generic keywords that can be used with any type of application. It also provides abstraction from the type of automation tool used and type of being application tested, e.g. – it can test a similar Web and Windows application with the same test case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   &lt;strong&gt;Hybrid framework&lt;/strong&gt; – A hybrid framework is the one which takes advantages from both Data Driven and keyword driven frameworks. These frameworks do not implement generic keywords but implement business logic keywords based on the application being tested. For ex – Login, Logout could be application specific keyword that can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don’t reinvent the wheel&lt;/strong&gt; – A framework should try and use the power of the automation tool rather than re-defining the whole language by implementing new keywords. Developing a keyword driven framework is time consuming and costly. A Hybrid framework can be developed in a shorter time period and with less cost.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reusability&lt;/strong&gt; -The framework should allow highest possible reusability. Combining individual actions into business logic provides re-usability. E.g. – Combing actions like “Enter username”, “Enter password” and “Click Login” into one re-usable component “Login”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Support of different application versions&lt;/strong&gt; -A framework should allow re-use of baselines scripts in case different versions/flavors of an applications are to be tested. There are two different ways to support different applications&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   &lt;strong&gt;Copy and Modify&lt;/strong&gt; – This method involves creating copies of the baseline scripts and modifying them for a specific application version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   &lt;strong&gt;Re-use and Upgrade&lt;/strong&gt; – This method involves re-using baseline script and providing a upgrade code for specific version of application. This ensures maximum re-usability and should be preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Support of script versioning&lt;/strong&gt; – Scripts should be stored in a version control system like CVS, Microsoft® VSS etc…This ensures recovery from any disaster.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Different environment for development and production&lt;/strong&gt; – Automation should be considered as any other development project. Test scripts should be created and debugged in Test environment. Once tested then only should be deployed to the production environment. This holds true for any emergency releases also&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Externally Configurable&lt;/strong&gt; – Configurable items of a script should be kept in an external file. This would contain configuration like Application URL, version, path etc…This allows running the same script against different environment. Ensure that location of the configuration file is not hard coded. Hard coded files would allow running on any environment but only one at a time. Keeping the configuration relative to current test path allows overcoming this limitation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Self configurable&lt;/strong&gt; – Ideally a framework should be self configurable. Once deployed to a system, no manual configuration changes should be required and scripts should automatically configure the required settings&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minimal changes required for any object changes&lt;/strong&gt; -Most common issues faced during automation are object identification changes. Framework should be able to patch such changes easily. This can be achieved by storing all object identification settings at a shared location. This could be an external XML file, excel file, database or automation proprietary format. There are two possible way to load this object identification configuration&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   &lt;strong&gt;Static&lt;/strong&gt; – In this all the object definitions are loaded into the memory at the start of the test. Any changes made to object definition can only be loaded by stopping and re-running the test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   &lt;strong&gt;Dynamic&lt;/strong&gt; –Object definition is pulled as per request. This approach is a bit slow as compared to the static one. But in case of huge scripts where the fix needs to be made at run-time this is suitable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Execution&lt;/strong&gt; – Framework might need to cater to below requirements (on need bases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Execution of a individual test case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Execution of a test batch (combination of tests)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Re-execution of only failed test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Execution of a test case/test batch based on result of another test case/test batch&#xA;There could be many other needs based on the project requirement. A framework might not implement all of them, but should be flexible enough to accommodate such requirements in future&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Status monitoring&lt;/strong&gt; – A framework should allow monitoring the execution status in real time and should be capable of sending alerts in case of failure. This ensures quick turnaround time in event of a failure&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reporting&lt;/strong&gt; – Different applications have different reporting needs. Some require combined results for a test batch and some require individual level test report for each test case in test batch. The framework should be flexible enough to generate required reports&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minimum dependency on Automation tool for changes&lt;/strong&gt; – Some fixes can only be made by opening the script in the automation tool and then saving it. Scripts should be developed in such a way that modification is possible even without the unavailability of the automation tool. This deflates company cost by reducing the number of licenses required. It also allows anyone to make changes to the script without having the need to setup the tool&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Easy debugging&lt;/strong&gt; -Debugging takes a lot of time during automation and hence special care needs to be taken for this part. Keyword driven frameworks which use external data source (like a excel spread sheet) to read scripts keywords and process the same are difficult to debug.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Logging&lt;/strong&gt; – Log generation is important part of execution. It is very important to generate debug information at various points in a test case. This information can help find problem area quickly and reduce the time to make a fix at the same time&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Easy to Use&lt;/strong&gt; – The framework should be easy to learn and use. It is time consuming and costly to train a resource on a framework. A well documented framework is easier to understand and implement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flexible&lt;/strong&gt; – Framework should be flexible enough to accommodate any enhancements without impacting existing test cases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performance impacts&lt;/strong&gt; – A framework should also consider the performance impacts of the implementation. A complex framework which increases the load time or execution time of scripts is never desirable. Techniques like caching, compiling all code into single library while execution etc… should be used to improve performance whenever possible&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Framework Support Tools&lt;/strong&gt; – External Tools can be developed to perform tasks that help in framework design. Some example tasks would be&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Uploading scripts from local folder to HP Quality Center&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Associating library files to currently open scripts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Synchronizing local files with HP Quality Center.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coding Standards&lt;/strong&gt; – Coding standards ensures scripts that are consistent, readable and easily maintainable. Coding standard should define all the below listed things&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Naming convention for variables, subs, functions, file names, script names etc… Ex – i_VarName for interger, fn_i_FuncName for function returning interger&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Library, subs, functions comment header. This should include information like version history, created by, last modified by, last modified date, description, parameters, example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;o   Object naming conventions. Ex – txt_FieldName for a text box&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation should be considered as a development project and not just record and playback of events. Starting automated testing with a good framework ensures low maintenance. Guidelines discussed in this paper can be used as input for developing requirements for a framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Search following on GOOGLE to get ready to use selenium framework&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;InfoStretch Selenium Framework for Automated Web Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the Framework? Tool of Choice&#xA;InfoStretch Selenium Framework for Automated Web Testing&#xA;InfoStretch has developed a framework for Web application testing and test automation using Selenium test tools that focuses on achieving a rapid return on investment – often in less than three months. The InfoStretch framework using Selenium has a robust set of pre-built features that include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parallel compatibility testing for many browsers from the cloud, with zero infrastructure costs..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration scenario testing across UI’s and Web services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Highly maintainable and repeatable tests that utilize reusable test assets, proper modularity and semantic structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data-driven Selenium tests with external Excel, XML and CSV-based data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Drill-down, Junit-style test reports that show key automation metrics across multiple test executions with screen shots of failed tests..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best practices for coding conventions and process guidelines, and coaching on how to make apps &quot;testable.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration into many continuous integration/build automation systems such as Hudson.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Few more references:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://stepauto.com/images/Shankar%20Arigela-microsoft.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://stepauto.com/images/Shankar%20Arigela-microsoft.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.open2test.org/QAT_Tech_Docs/QTP_framework_introduction_v1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.open2test.org/QAT_Tech_Docs/QTP_framework_introduction_v1.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.logigear.com/logi_media_dir/Documents/Automation_Framework.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.logigear.com/logi_media_dir/Documents/Automation_Framework.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/591.html#N10223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/591.html#N10223&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://safsdev.sourceforge.net/FRAMESDataDrivenTestAutomationFrameworks.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://safsdev.sourceforge.net/FRAMESDataDrivenTestAutomationFrameworks.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;InfoStretch Test Automation Framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.infostretch.com/806&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.infostretch.com/806&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choosing a test automation framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/591.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/591.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.byte-code.com/meetup2008/images/meetup_camza.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.byte-code.com/meetup2008/images/meetup_camza.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Automation Framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.articlesbase.com/software-articles/test-automation-framework-378599.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.articlesbase.com/software-articles/test-automation-framework-378599.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Designing An Automated Test Framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infosys.com/IT-services/independent-validation-testing-services/Documents/business-rules-test-automation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.infosys.com/IT-services/independent-validation-testing-services/Documents/business-rules-test-automation.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.automatedtestinginstitute.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;view=article&amp;amp;catid=132:test-automation-training&amp;amp;id=1358:designing-an-automated-test-framework#magictabs_fxunc_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.automatedtestinginstitute.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;view=article&amp;amp;catid=132:test-automation-training&amp;amp;id=1358:designing-an-automated-test-framework#magictabs_fxunc_1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1853" LastEditorUserId="1853" LastEditDate="2012-01-30T13:00:33.267" LastActivityDate="2012-01-30T13:00:33.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2012-01-31T21:09:53.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very late response here, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Telerik's Test Studio&lt;/a&gt; supports playing back functional and performance tests for IE, Firefox, Chrome, and Safari.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I completely agree with the earlier comment that cross-browser support, regardless of the tool, should always be done only for functional testing. Trying to validate rendering issues in different browsers is something that should always be done by humans -- those types of tests aren't a good target for automation. They're too difficult to author, and far too expensive to maintain. (I speak from painful experience...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Disclosure: I work for Telerik as their Test Studio evangelist)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1984" LastActivityDate="2012-01-31T21:09:53.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2544" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2550" CreationDate="2012-02-01T04:19:20.060" Score="8" ViewCount="1542" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently we use an agile team based approach to testing, where each team is responsible for their specific area of a product.  While we have found this to be effective and easily manageable, over time teams have adopted the best test design that suites their own team.  Now as we have grown its become difficult to manage test coverage, GUI automation, and cross team testing across the entire product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to implement some kind of standard without bogging down testers with test case design. I'd much rather them spend more time in the product exploratory testing than writing test cases.  Is there a light weight design standard I can implement that anyone could recommend that fits well within an agile shop?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A second question is, are standards the right approach in the first place?  I'm concerned about attempting to enforce this behavior across an organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2021-03-16T09:34:03.293" Title="Test case design standards- friend or foe?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2545" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-01T05:56:01.190" Score="6" ViewCount="2976" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need end-to-end guidance on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a scenario: I have a Word AddIn written in C#, in which I have some interop interaction with Excel. I need to unit-test that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no usable guidance on the topic, except this: &lt;a href=&quot;http://clear-lines.com/blog/post/unit-testing-vsto-projects.aspx&quot;&gt;http://clear-lines.com/blog/post/unit-testing-vsto-projects.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&#xA;Dragan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1988" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-02-03T21:36:09.507" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T17:29:13.383" Title="How do I unit test Word AddIn written in C#" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;office&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2546" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2552" CreationDate="2012-02-01T07:26:03.197" Score="44" ViewCount="42942" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just been assigned the tasks of doing some research and doing some JMeter tests of my own to get familiar with performance testing. As I have never used this tool before, I would just like to know where I can find good JMeter tutorials for beginners?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1908" LastEditorUserId="2459" LastEditDate="2012-05-14T11:21:20.863" LastActivityDate="2019-07-17T15:43:37.330" Title="Where can I find good JMeter tutorials?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="36" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2544" CreationDate="2012-02-01T08:03:17.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you're discovering the answer to your second question yourself, but to be less cryptic yes I think test case design standards are the right way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With test case design we have to remember that when they were first proposed and used the vast majority of testing was carried out using  a traditional waterfall/staged approach, which essentially means that the testing was done at the end of the project. Thus the test team could take their time (so to speak) and ponder over the most efficient way to produce the minimal set of test cases that provided the maximum coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in the testing world we live today development methodologies such as Agile exist that require people to identify, construct and validate solutions almost on the fly - when compared to a staged approach to software development; And as such the tester cannot spend 2 or 3 days fine tuning the test suite into a minimal set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where am I going with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well I still think design standards are just as applicable in the Agile methodology you just need to look for different signs and maybe use terminology that is suited to Agile. For example if you use story cards to explain the user journey then you can put a stake in the ground and state that a &quot;stick man&quot; will only ever represent a process carried out by a real person - thus you've created a design standard that everyone can relate to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I believe is that regardless of the development methodology used you should be able to define and agree upon the test case design standards that help to make people more comfortable and therefore more effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this rather long answer helps in some way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T08:03:17.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2544" CreationDate="2012-02-01T08:47:31.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't agree with your observations of waterfall vs. agile test quality, While the general conclusions are correct.&#xA;Iterative test cycles (either agile or plain spiral) gives the testers a better chance to sharpen their tests, I worked in waterfall, agile and iterative projects and the first release to test is always the same- confusion, mess, and nothing that works out-of-the-box, but when you still have time until the final release you also have time to fix all those environment and test issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T08:47:31.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2012-02-01T09:23:28.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;we run two very popular online workshops  on Selenium that you could attend and also various free one hour workshops. Take a look at our website: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.time2test.co.uk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.time2test.co.uk&lt;/a&gt; or at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.time2test.co.uk/2012/04/27/free-one-hour-latest-workshops/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.time2test.co.uk/2012/04/27/free-one-hour-latest-workshops/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;regards Viresh , Time2test Limited, UK&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1991" LastEditorUserId="1991" LastEditDate="2012-07-30T11:52:28.810" LastActivityDate="2012-07-30T11:52:28.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2544" CreationDate="2012-02-01T11:57:12.783" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answering your second question first: yes, you absolutely need test case design standards. They don't have to be monsters. As with all things agile, they need to be enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your first question there's no &quot;right&quot; answer, but I can give a few guidelines. Your standards should be based around a kind of test case triage: first priority is being able to set up and verify the user acceptance tests for each story. Second is anything else in the steel thread. After that you look towards the 80/20 rule and critical boundaries between areas of the system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll want some guidelines/standards for what makes a good automation test case to add to your existing automation. It's fine to have a whole range of different automation approaches as long as &lt;em&gt;every automator across your testing teams&lt;/em&gt; can pick up and add to any of the automated project at need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the standards that I use where I work (which isn't entirely agile, has an application codebase of around 2 million lines of code some of which dates back to 1996, and adds new features at a mind-boggling pace) are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whatever it is, include setup instructions. You can't guarantee the next person to deal with this knows how to configure it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;However you document it, state what you're expecting to happen and what constitutes failure. The rest of the team aren't mind readers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on verifying and validating expected functionality first. Then check anything you know is related and list it. After that hit the negative cases (with the caveat &quot;if there's time&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing gets summarized after you've done it to allow any problematic or awkward cases you encounter to be added to the knowledge base of the team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross correlate as much as you can. If you know it involves five other modules, make sure you list them all so when someone goes looking for test cases involving one of them, they find yours.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clear and simple beats fancy every time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know your audience: where I work we assume basic knowledge of our applications because we're a business-to-business shop and we will always have trained users. If you're dealing with a public-facing website you might want to assume no knowledge. This affects the level of detail you need to put into your design and documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have an agreed-upon repository. You can't begin to work out your cross-module and in-module coverage if there isn't a central repository where all the test cases you've got are searchable by module, feature set, and anything else you find needful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Global test cases probably don't need to be in the repository (things like spelling checks, tab order on forms and so forth - testing those is one of those &quot;habitual do it every time&quot; things - or it should be. If it's not then yes, the global cases do need to be in the repository after all)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the test requires special equipment, make sure everything that's needed to install and configure the equipment is in the test case (including where to get the equipment in some cases).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the test depends on specific data include where to get the data in the test case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a mutually agreed-on module listing. What's in the list doesn't matter nearly as much as the list being something everyone in the team can work with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some good free tools, such as test link, that will allow you to build a test case repository by module and identify your core regression cases, your automatable cases, and your gaps. I can't give more than that because my workplace is in the process of introducing this. We've been working with directory structures which has proved to be impossibly cumbersome - with ugly results. The sooner you have the repository, the better, knowing what it's like without one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a long way from a complete answer, but it's a starting point to work from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T11:57:12.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1955" CreationDate="2012-02-01T12:13:49.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you do not have to write code.&#xA;All you need to do is run your TFS in interactive mode, not in service mode because services are not allowed to open windows but watin doesn't work without a window.&#xA;You'll find the settings on tab build configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1993" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T12:13:49.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2546" CreationDate="2012-02-01T12:21:02.327" Score="57" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Looking into &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter User's Manual&lt;/a&gt; will be indeed good as first step (Getting Started, Building a Test Plan, Building a Web Test Plan).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Several step-by-step guidelines about JMeter setup and usage for performance/load testing you can find here:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;- JMeter articles and tutorials:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jguru.com/article/server-side/load-testing-with-apache-jmeter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load Testing your Applications with Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2003/01/15/jmeter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.davegardner.me.uk/blog/2010/09/23/effective-load-testing-with-apache-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Effective load testing with Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lincolnloop.com/blog/2011/sep/21/load-testing-jmeter-part-1-getting-started/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load Testing with JMeter: Getting Started&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.urbaninsight.com/2011/07/18/simple-load-test-with-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Simple Load Test with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.devx.com/webdev/Article/17950&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load Testing with Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.atlassian.com/2008/10/performance_testing_with_jmete/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance testing with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.informit.com/guides/content.aspx?g=java&amp;amp;seqNum=269&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Your First JMeter Test&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.packtpub.com/article/functional-testing-with-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Functional Testing with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/tag/jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Resources @ InfoSec Institute&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jmeter.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Tutorial @ jmeter.net&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Tutorial @ tutorialspoint.com&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KI6u5pclYIw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter: getting started video tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cloud/library/cl-jmeter-restful/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RESTful API testing with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blazemeter Blog&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ubik-ingenierie.com/blog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ubik Load Pack Blog&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;Some thoughts on stress testing web applications with JMeter: &lt;a href=&quot;http://nico.vahlas.eu/2010/03/17/some-thoughts-on-stress-testing-web-applications-with-jmeter-part-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;part 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://nico.vahlas.eu/2010/03/30/some-thoughts-on-stress-testing-web-applications-with-jmeter-part-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;part 2&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://planet.jboss.org/post/concurrent_high_throughput_performance_testing_with_jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Concurrent, High Throughput Performance Testing with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;- More common about load and performance testing:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wilsonmar.com/perfrpt.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load, Stress, Performance Test Terms, Deliverables, Profiles and Reports&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;- JMeter results analysis:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt; - set of custom graphs in this package; some of them provide better results reporting out-of-box than jmeter's original ones;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.apache.org/jmeter/LogAnalysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Wiki: Suggestions and Recipes for Log Analysis&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rubenlaguna.com/wp/better-jmeter-graphs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Better JMeter Graphs&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.metaltoad.com/blog/plotting-your-load-test-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Plotting your load test with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.datazoo.de/articles/158/performance-testing-analyzing-jmeter-results&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Testing: Analyzing JMeter Results&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://loadosophia.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Loadosophia.org&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/afranken/jmeter-analysis-maven-plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Result Analysis Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;- Cloud / distributed load testing platforms:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://flood.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flood.io&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BlazeMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://redline13.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RedLine13&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;- Custom JMeter plugins:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ATLANTBH/jmeter-components/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AtlantBH Custom JMeter Components&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ubikloadpack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ubik Load Pack Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/jmeter-groovy-sampler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Groovy Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/smartrics/JMeterRestSampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Rest Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/jmeter-rest-sampler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter REST Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jmibanez/jmeter-rmi-plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter RMI Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/jmeter-oauth/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugin for OAuth Calls&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/steeltomato/jmeter-amf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter AMF Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/jmeter-amfsampler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter AMF Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/jmeter-amf-visualizer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter AMF visualizer&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://swirstatdsample.sourceforge.net/usage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Sampler for rstatd&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/oauth/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter OAuth Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.apache.org/jmeter/MysqlCollectorPlugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MysqlCollectorPlugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeterdbcollect.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeterDBCollector&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/MOJO-969&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeterreport plugin: Nice html reports of funtional testresults&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rubenlaguna.com/wp/enhanced-jdbc-sampler-for-apache-jmeter-22/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter JDBC Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/jmstats/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Results Analyser&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/snmpjmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SNMP JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/snmppluginjmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter SNMP Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/jmeter-ssh-sampler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter SSH Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;- Integration:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.lazerycode.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Maven Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Performance+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins Performance Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.codehaus.org/display/SONAR/JMeter+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sonar JMeter Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://studio.plugins.atlassian.com/wiki/display/JMETAGG/Bamboo+JMeter+Aggregator+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bamboo JMeter Aggregator Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://netbeans.org/kb/docs/java/profile-loadgenerator.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using a Load Generator in NetBeans IDE&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/automatictester/lightning&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lightning: JMeter performance testing integration with CI infrastructure&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;- Books:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.by/books/about/Apache_JMeter.html?id=nX8oKIEvUcYC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter: A Practical Beginner's Guide to Automated Testing and Performance Measurement for Your Websites&lt;/a&gt; by Emily H. Halili (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.packtpub.com/networking-and-servers/apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Packt Publishing&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.by/books?id=fpWmv3wPT64C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Testing With JMeter 2.9&lt;/a&gt; by Bayo Erinle (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/performance-testing-jmeter-29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Packt Publishing&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.by/books?id=6ditCAAAQBAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Testing with JMeter, 2nd Edition&lt;/a&gt; by Bayo Erinle (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/performance-testing-jmeter-second-edition&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Packt Publishing&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.by/books?id=gJUeBQAAQBAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Cookbook&lt;/a&gt; by Bayo Erinle (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/jmeter-cookbook&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Packt Publishing&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/maitriser-jmeter-du-test-de-charge-a-devops&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maîtriser JMeter. Du test de charge à Devops&lt;/a&gt; by Antonio Gomes Rodrigues, Bruno Demion (Milamber) and Philippe Mouawad (&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/maitriser-jmeter-du-test-de-charge-a-devops/read_sample&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sample @ Leanpub&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/master-jmeter-from-load-test-to-devops&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Master Apache JMeter : From load testing to DevOps&lt;/a&gt; by Antonio Gomes Rodrigues, Bruno Demion and Philippe Mouawad (&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/master-jmeter-from-load-test-to-devops/read_sample&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sample @ Leanpub&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPD.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Please find, use and feel free to extend this &lt;a href=&quot;https://aliesbelik.github.io/awesome-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Awesome JMeter&lt;/a&gt; collection continued as &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/aliesbelik/awesome-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;github repo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2019-07-17T15:43:37.330" LastActivityDate="2019-07-17T15:43:37.330" CommentCount="8" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-04-15T22:54:48.630" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2544" CreationDate="2012-02-01T21:03:13.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Steve, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many ways to attack the challenges you bring up.  In my opinion, you're correct to want to both (a) avoid too much procedural stuff, but also (b) introduce a way to create some more communication between team members (and perhaps add consistency and thoroughness?) in your test design process.  Kate has already mentioned a lot of great points.  To offer an additional perspective,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From a &quot;how much detail is appropriate?&quot; standpoint,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the key things to get right is not bogging your tests down with too much unnecessary detail.  I like using this 2x2 grid to explain useful considerations when determining how much detail is appropriate point:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HpQd1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Appropriate amount of detail to include in tester instructions&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From a &quot;which approach should I use to manage my test cases as they're designed and documented?&quot; standpoint,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would advocate a fairly light-weight approach that appropriately balances clarity (so anyone looking at the documentation can QUICKLY understand what is being covered) and flexibility (so people on the team can make changes quickly).  I gave a presentation last year on a variety of successful approaches that some teams have used, below (including mind maps and kan ban board-like solutions).  For you, I'd recommend taking a look at Paul Holland's approach and the approach used by the team at Mozilla / via Marlena Compton.  The slides from the presentation are available &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/JustinHunter/documenting-software-testing-instructions-a-survey-of-successful-approaches&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QkYks.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Documenting tester instructions&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From the dual considerations of &quot;how can I make each of my tests cover as much as possible without repeating things that have already been tested (and make it easy for each group to see what other groups are already testing)?&quot; and &quot;how can I avoid the common problem of creating a system that leads to an ever-increasing set of regression tests that take ever-longer to test with each iteration?&quot;,&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I created the Hexawise test case generating tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest considering using a test case generating tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hexawise&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AllPairs&lt;/a&gt; that would allow you to quickly create (and/or quickly modify and re-generate) tests with the push of a button at the &quot;model&quot; level as opposed to developing a test design approach that requires you and your teammates to make changes at an individual test level because: (a) making changes to individual tests would take a lot more time, (b) a Hexawise-generated tests approach is more suitable for Agile settings like yours where tests will need to be regularly updated, and (c) a Hexawise type of test-generation approach could prevent your set of regression tests from expanding much because generating tests with Hexawise could allow you to test a growing list of new features by building most of the feature-related functional tests into an existing set of tests (e.g., scenarios exercised in existing tests can get more varied and hit new functionality vs. the more common approach of testing new functionality via adding an ever-larger list of tests). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/czz2l.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Hexawise test case generating tool&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2012-02-01T22:27:27.140" LastActivityDate="2012-02-01T22:27:27.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2554" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-02T00:11:50.180" Score="17" ViewCount="37227" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which are the alternatives today? Not only freeware, but tools affordable for a development team of 3-5 men.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like the structure and flexibility of HP QC, so a similar tool would be nice to have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastEditorUserId="1781" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T15:19:33.747" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T09:11:08.353" Title="Alternatives to HP Quality Center for small business" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="18" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2503" CreationDate="2012-02-02T03:14:01.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using a custom framework and a custom reporting/logging mechanism its possible to develop some additional logic around 'failed but known tests'. &#xA;Once your automation scripts find a 'failed test', custom reporting algorithm should doing a look-up from a 'known issues' list. If the failure is present in your known issues list, then your reporting algorithm can flag this issue as a 'known issue' in your logs/reports. &#xA;The advantage of this mechanism is that you do not have to change your automation code as a workaround. I'm not sure however if the Fitness provides a mechanism to flag failures as 'known issues' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1202" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T03:14:01.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2583" CreationDate="2012-02-02T04:52:42.790" Score="2" ViewCount="7763" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way we can perform Selenium automation (with Java) on Oracle applications? On the Oracle website they have given ways by which we can convert the Oracle applications into Oracle ADF faces applications and then automate it with Selenium or the Oracle application can be converted into a webpage and then it can be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But instead of these two methods is there any other way anyone has tried? I don't want to use other testing tools like QTP, Oracle ATS or Windows (which is an open source tool). So in spite of all this, is there still a way through which Selenium automation can be done on Oracle applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1989" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-03T00:55:19.583" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T06:53:50.133" Title="Selenium automation on Oracle applications" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2556" CreationDate="2012-02-02T08:44:08.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your question is, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Can I test desktop application with Selenium?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, the simple answer would be &lt;strong&gt;NO.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a Javascript based framework (Javascript is implemented into web browsers) which means that it can interact only with web page elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-03T01:52:22.643" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T01:52:22.643" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2558" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-02T09:29:47.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Apache &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; desktop application is open source software, a 100% pure Java application designed to load test functional behavior and measure performance. It was originally designed for testing Web Applications but has since expanded to other test functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What can I do with it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apache JMeter may be used to test performance both on static and dynamic resources (files, Servlets, Perl scripts, Java Objects, Data Bases and Queries, FTP Servers and more). It can be used to simulate a heavy load on a server, network or object to test its strength or to analyze overall performance under different load types. You can use it to make a graphical analysis of performance or to test your server/script/object behavior under heavy concurrent load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What does it do?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can load and performance test many different server types:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web - HTTP, HTTPS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SOAP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database via JDBC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MongoDB &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LDAP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mail - SMTP(S), POP3(S) and IMAP(S)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Native commands or shell scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complete portability and 100% Java purity .&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Full multithreading framework allows concurrent sampling by many threads and simultaneous sampling of different functions by separate thread groups.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Careful GUI design allows faster operation and more precise timings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Caching and offline analysis/replaying of test results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Highly Extensible:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pluggable Samplers allow unlimited testing capabilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Several load statistics may be chosen with pluggable timers .&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data analysis and visualization plugins allow great extensibility as well as personalization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functions can be used to provide dynamic input to a test or provide data manipulation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scriptable Samplers (BeanShell is fully supported; and there is a sampler which supports BSF-compatible languages)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Official Website:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://jmeter.apache.org/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Official Twitter Account:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/ApacheJMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;@ApacheJMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Useful Links:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;User Manual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Best Practices&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API Documentation (JavaDoc)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.apache.org/jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.apache.org/jmeter/JMeterFAQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FAQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2018-10-04T15:14:13.573" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T15:14:13.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2559" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-02T09:29:47.353" Score="0" Body="Use for questions about testing with Apache JMeter, such as how to perform specific actions using JMeter, problems with JMeter scripts, ways to improve JMeter scripts, and so on." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T18:01:48.483" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T18:01:48.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-02-02T10:04:49.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure if it fits all your needs but I would recommend check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jira&lt;/a&gt;. It commercial product, but for small teams (up to 10 users) price is not big. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T10:04:49.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2561" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2563" CreationDate="2012-02-02T14:10:11.283" Score="3" ViewCount="865" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question has been bothering me lately, more from the fact that in the past this is something I would never do, yet in the past I wasn't writing BDD tests.  Since incorporating SpecFlow into a Test Framework to use for verifying functionality in my Test environment I saw some use for those test scenarios to be used in verifying Production deploys.  The current Framework verifies some of the Business Use Cases and is run whenever we push a new code package to the Test Servers.  Some of those Use Cases I have been running against Production whenever we do a code push to there, but in some ways this seems wrong to me.  I don't want to have to rewrite tests in a different framework, but I also feel like it would be better to have confidence in our deploys and its simpler to be able to do my checking with one framework.  Currently the tests are divided into two separate frameworks but for ease of use I want to combine them, but am not sure its a good idea or the proper thing to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is really only me who can Test/Check code, sometimes it's hard to bounce these ideas and thoughts on improving the tests off other people so usually I muse about it for awhile and then go ahead.  I built up the Framework to relieve myself of having to do some basic, repetitive Use Cases so I can concentrate on other, more detailed Use Cases.  We do get value from the SpecFlow tests, and have found serious issues in both Test and Production so there is buy in from my Managers as to the value of having this framework in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are running SpecFlow how do you handle your tests for Test and or Production?  Are they the same?  Is there something different I could be doing to add to the value the Frameworks are providing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2012-02-02T15:21:02.430" LastActivityDate="2012-02-04T21:03:57.730" Title="Is it good practice to combine my Test and Prod BDD tests in one Framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1391" CreationDate="2012-02-02T16:57:05.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a regulated environment (e.g., FDA), you verify requirements, but validate user needs.  The process starts with user needs from which requirements are derived from which features are implemented which are tested to verify that the requirements have been met and then at the end testing is done to validate that the user needs have been implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T16:57:05.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2561" CreationDate="2012-02-02T20:18:48.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever possible I try to have the same solution for testing in my test environments as in my production environments.  It isn't always possible, but when it is there are many benefits of this approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are sure the tests are the same, so all the time you have put&#xA;into updating, maintaining and improving those tests for your test&#xA;environment also gets put to work validating your production&#xA;environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You don't have to maintain two different approaches.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Larger suite of tests run against production can give you higher confidence in the deployment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm curious, what are the downsides you forsee with using a single framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only potential issues I can see with running a large amount of automation against your production environment are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating load on your production servers or adding extra hits to usage data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Potentially modifying data that should not be updated in production if you have forms that update data in a database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Harder to single out a specific machine to test against unless you pull it out of rotation and hit it directly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-02-02T20:18:48.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1391" CreationDate="2012-02-03T11:03:01.697" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of these terms come from the &quot;quality&quot; community and have been reused by the IT community.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;By &quot;quality&quot; community, I mean people with quality concerns whatever their branch (could be manufacturing, chemicals, etc ...).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is the case for :  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quality Assurance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quality Control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the standard ISO 900x, and more specifically in ISO 9000 we find the following definitions :  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§ 3.2.8 quality management&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;coordinated activities to direct and control an organization (3.3.1) with regard to quality&lt;br&gt;&#xA;NOTE Direction and control with regard to quality generally includes establishment of the quality policy (3.2.4) and quality objectives (3.2.5), quality planning (3.2.9), quality control (3.2.10), quality assurance (3.2.11) and quality improvement (3.2.12).&lt;/em&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§ 3.2.9 quality planning&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;part of quality management (3.2.8) focused on setting quality objectives (3.2.5) and specifying necessary operational processes (3.4.1) and related resources to fulfil the quality objectives&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§ 3.2.11 quality control&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;part of quality management (3.2.8) focused on fulfilling quality requirements (3.1.2)&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§ 3.2.11 quality assurance&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;part of quality management (3.2.8) focused on providing confidence that quality requirements (3.1.2) will be fulfilled&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;you can see in the definition that the term &lt;em&gt;assurance&lt;/em&gt; takes its full meaning : the idea is to give some assurance = some confidence.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This translate into collecting traces of actual activities,  like written test reports or traces of test automation. You wouldn't trust a guy just saying : &quot;I just tested it, it's all fine&quot; (that would be &lt;em&gt;Quality Control&lt;/em&gt; without &lt;em&gt;Quality Assurance&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§ 3.8.1 objective evidence&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;data supporting the existence or verity of something&#xA;NOTE Objective evidence may be obtained through observation, measurement, test (3.8.3), or other means.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§ 3.8.3 test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;determination of one or more characteristics (3.5.1) according to a procedure (3.4.5)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§ 3.8.4 verification&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence (3.8.1), that specified requirements (3.1.2) have been fulfilled&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;§ 3.8.5 validation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence (3.8.1), that the requirements (3.1.2) for a specific intended use or application have been fulfilled&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is one step beyond verification : OK you fulfill requirements, but what if requirements have forgotten to properly translate a need ?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Validation may not be always possible, as for some reason, the customer might not want to disclose the intended use.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see that &lt;em&gt;Validation&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Verification&lt;/em&gt; are pretty much the same definitions as in the CMMI.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I believe is there a added value in respecting these definitions, especially when it goes down to contractual disputes between customer/provider.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About &lt;em&gt;prevention&lt;/em&gt; :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You could read full books on the history of &quot;quality&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In very short : &#xA;Originally, quality was limited to checking the quality at the end of the production line. This was pure quality control / quality assurance.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This entails costs of non-quality : rework, scraping, and some other variants.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So quality made its revolution from &lt;em&gt;focussing to controlling the end-product&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;focusing to the production process in order to &lt;strong&gt;avoid non-quality&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Hence the introduction of Quality &lt;strong&gt;Management&lt;/strong&gt; (brought by ISO 9001 version 2001).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still ponder on which is true for Software :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the same revolution still remains to be done in the Software field, and avoid so much money spending in these verification/validation phases (but there are some progress)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hoping for a same revolution in SW is just non-sens. There is too much brainware in SW. The quality topic is essentially different in the &quot;production field&quot; and in the &quot;sw / project field&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to prevention : it relates to &lt;em&gt;quality planning&lt;/em&gt;, and the said necessity to establish &lt;em&gt;quality processes&lt;/em&gt; that allow to &lt;em&gt;fulfill quality&lt;/em&gt; objectives. Can we do that : yes, when we include the testing phases, when we monitor the % of passed tests, and so on ...; but this is far from a process that avoids non-quality. It is rather a management fall-back solution for the SW engineering inability to establish &quot;0 defects sw factory&quot; (that is the dream behind option 1 above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About &lt;em&gt;detection&lt;/em&gt; :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Detection assumes &lt;em&gt;detectability&lt;/em&gt; which is often considered as obvious. &#xA;This is not so.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Detection may be a matter for test teams, but detectability is a matter for dev team as well as architecture (like exposing some interface for the pure sake of testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1585" LastEditorUserId="1585" LastEditDate="2012-02-03T11:16:09.437" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T11:16:09.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-02-03T16:54:11.413" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/qacomplete/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QAComplete&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/software-development/application-lifecycle-management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ALMComplete&lt;/a&gt; by Smartbear. We implemented it a little over a year ago for a team of 10 and are quite happy with our choice. We purchased the SaaS, cloud hosted version and were up and working with in almost immediately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used QC at a past job and found it to be too big too expensive and an administrative drain to implement this company. We just didn't have a spare person to devote all their time to implementations and upgrade, administration, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Features for QAComplete we've found helpful are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reasonable price&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;responsive customer support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;highly customizable fields.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also requirements, defect and test management including Steps and test runs similar to QC but more customizable in my opinion.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For custom reporting you'd have to look into the hosted on site version (or host at your place). But the canned reports may just meet your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We found the online videos to be very helpful in narrowing down our decision and even further learning after implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2011" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-29T23:32:28.993" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T23:32:28.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2545" CreationDate="2012-02-03T21:38:26.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't done this type of testing, what I would recommend is looking into how you can write office macros that utilise the functions of your add-in to test it's functionality. You should be able to add vba command buttons to a spreadsheet or document or the word toolbar that runs your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am assuming that as you are testing and adding in VSTO, you have a good working knowledge of the excel and word APIs as that would be required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-02-03T21:38:26.477" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2561" CreationDate="2012-02-04T21:03:57.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a pure technical design viewpoint, a single solution would most likely be better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a case where the real answer depends on what the impact is if you run your &quot;Test&quot; tests in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you are testing Facebook and creating new test account from scratch and then modifying it, then you could probably run all your tests in every environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing a banking system then running those tests in production would most likely get you fired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So depending on how confident you are that your mechanism for not accidentally running non production tests in production, will determine if they need to be separate or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-02-04T21:03:57.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2545" CreationDate="2012-02-05T07:45:29.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer to almost all questions about unit testing is &quot;decouple from dependencies&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refactor your code to decouple the logic (which you want to test) from the interactions with with Excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that unit tests should answer the question &quot;does the code I am writing do what I intend it to do&quot; and not &quot;does my program work properly&quot; - that's for integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="95" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T07:45:29.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2570" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2573" CreationDate="2012-02-05T14:05:13.010" Score="8" ViewCount="955" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our organization project managers are responsible for writing manual tests scripts that are to be executed later by testers. However, we found hard to find the right level of details. The right means giving valuable feedback about product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We tried the following approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1: Project manager writes tests with high-level perspective&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g. &quot;Create a user and verify it in DB&quot;, instead of &quot;Go to view A, click B and enter C. Expect, the user has been added to the table D&quot;. The result of those tests was somehow frustrating to both project managers and testers. As test scripts were ambigous to testers who did not know the specification of product well, so was the feedback given to project managers. Additionally, in some cases, this has shown that project manager did not attempt to write details of expected output, because he did not know the application to build well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2: Project manager writes detailed tests for the testers.&lt;/strong&gt; This has the advantage the project manager must understand the application under controls well. He uses all his creativity to invent scenarios that have certain coverage over application functionality and risk. On other hand, there remains little room for creativity of testers. In fact, we got feedback from testers they were frustrated of doing &quot;monkey work&quot;. So, why bother testers, if project manager wrote the tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 3: A Compromise of above.&lt;/strong&gt; Project manager writes a subset of tests. He sits with a tester for an hour or two to introduce the application and assist during performing initial tests. They share some common sense about the application expected behaviour in general. There still remains some space for tester creativity (exploration, variations of test scenarios given), but testers stop asking questions like &quot;Is it correct to work like this?&quot;. The meeting (one or more, if necessary) gives immediate feedback to the project manager, if the tests are little detailed or expected output for some actions has not been defined. The added value is that the tester receives training about the application. This will be useful, when he will serve as application support for customers later (yes, we use testers for both in our organization). The disadvantage is that those meetings cost the time of both persons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one more approach, I would be delighted to try, if our testers had more time dedicated for our project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 4: Autonomous tester team.&lt;/strong&gt; Testers are handed specification and write tests themselves based on the specs. This is ideal situation, because they have time to understand the application domain, while still use their experience to create useful tests. &#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you write tests for testers if you do not have budget for Option 4 and still want to do better than Options 1, 2 and 3?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-05T17:32:23.133" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T19:40:32.173" Title="What is the sense of having a monkey tester execute your test script?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2571" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2585" CreationDate="2012-02-05T17:30:48.113" Score="5" ViewCount="897" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been testing for a number of months during development of two products. However, my organization does not have well-established testing process. We are given templates, TT tool, and told to write tests and execute them. I feel rather that in some areas I am paving the way. For instance, as far as I know, I am the first here who started to automate parts of the tests in the company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I do not know whether I am doing the things right. I'm reading testing books. They are perfect to get the knowledge but not skills. I miss feedback to know where to improve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I received feedback only occasionally and from limited number of sources: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From other developers&lt;/strong&gt; with whom I shared my testing framework and test suites. They are critics of my work as I am of theirs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From my own judgement&lt;/strong&gt;. I know, for instance, I've made group of automated tests too complex to understand what they test. Next time, I'm making them smaller, simpler, classified better.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From more experienced developers&lt;/strong&gt; who mentor our team from time to time, when management decides that project goes too slowly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where to get feedback on my testing skills?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sample of issues I would like to have feedback on in my work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did I automated tests for complex data-driven scenarios correctly? Where I did mistakes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In this particular case have I done well grouping tests by common DB setup?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:46:43.617" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T06:46:43.617" Title="Where to get feedback on my testing skills?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2012-02-05T18:16:13.387" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imagemagick.org/script/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Imagemagick&lt;/a&gt;, a cross-platform imaging library and command line tool,  has functions that can be used to compare images. A team I worked on circa 2012 used it with pretty good success to determine if two images differ. We had built a GUI with the same library that could pull the two images up side by side and highlight the differences for a human to decide whether the differences are significant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastEditorUserId="1105" LastEditDate="2015-11-09T16:52:51.253" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T16:52:51.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2570" CreationDate="2012-02-05T18:45:50.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question seems to raise two issues: which test process is the most effective, and which test process is the most satisfying (or the least frustrating) to your testers?  You may believe those issues are so interrelated as to be inseparable, but your management may have a different perspective.  You said Option 1 did not give the testers enough information to determine whether the software was behaving correctly, and Option 3 was time-consuming. You said Option 2 was frustrating (or perhaps even insulting) to testers, and the way in which you titled your question reinforces that sentiment.  However, you did not say whether Option 2 is effective.  If Option 2 is effective -- if it finds enough bugs -- then perhaps your organization needs testers who more content with monkey testing than your current testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given your time constraints, if Option 2 is not effective, I would be hard-pressed to improve upon Option 3.  In some organizations, testers learn about the application by attending meetings with the rest of the project team.  However, if Option 3's meetings take too long, I suspect the testers do not have time for project meetings either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You did not mention how your development team tests their work.  If none of the four options is possible and/or effective, you may need to push more testing work back onto the developers.  In my experience, this is a weak solution -- many developers do not want to test, especially not on a regular basis -- but it may help in the short term until you can hire more testers or give your current testers more time to do their jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T18:45:50.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2574" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2578" CreationDate="2012-02-05T19:38:42.817" Score="6" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read about difference between &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/08/testing-vs-checking/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testing and checking&lt;/a&gt; and I feel I'm only a checker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I write tests scenarios to know whether the product satisfies requirements. Is this still testing or only checking? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When writing test scenarios, I discover the lacks (i.e., unpredicted cases) and incosistencies in specification itself. I forward my discoveries (and sometimes solution proposals) to product manager to get specification clarified. Is this still testing?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:53:46.123" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:53:46.123" Title="Am I tester or just checker?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2571" CreationDate="2012-02-05T20:58:55.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like you are already emerging as a test leader there by your initiatives and encouragement of critical feedback. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you get feedback from other stakeholders ( apart from developers) , explore feedback from people on the business side of things and from project management &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because as a unit providing test service , we are ultimately serving the business. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note - you would have to tailor the questions in non tech lingo so that they understand and are encouraged to respond. Also usually some of the day to day test practices are hidden or only partially visible to project management or business management , hence this would take just more than sending them an email asking for feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;good luck &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T20:58:55.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2574" CreationDate="2012-02-05T21:21:15.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most tests start out as tests then become checks, so it really depends on what your test scenarios actually do. If you think that you are only testing &quot;happy path&quot; without negative tests, that that does not mean you are checking, but it &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; mean you are checking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real test is the thought process that goes into the tests that you are running, and do they change, are they finding bugs, and do they evolve over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test you could uses is think &quot;what would happen &lt;strong&gt;if I didn't run the test at all&lt;/strong&gt;. If the answer is that there would be no change in the test results at all, if you did or did not run it and, you as the tester have no additional information on the stability of the system, then it is probably a check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the good news is you already have the information you need to stop checking and start testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T21:21:15.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2574" CreationDate="2012-02-05T22:01:13.450" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preface about my biases: I don't find the term &quot;checking&quot; evocative, and I don't find the distinction between checking and testing helpful. Given that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, the word &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; suggests that checking is somehow trivial. I think checking is important. And creating useful checks is hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, a key distinction between testing and checking is &lt;em&gt;sapience&lt;/em&gt;. It seems to me that both of the activities you list require full intelligence, knowledge, intuition, and skill. Once you've written a check, executing it may not require a brain. But writing the check does. You have to figure out what is worth checking. And you have to figure out how to express the check. And interpreting a check's results requires a brain. You have to figure out what a given failure or success result means. And you have to figure out whether that meaning matters, or continues to matter, given what you've learned since you wrote it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T22:01:13.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2574" CreationDate="2012-02-05T22:58:58.817" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are neither &lt;em&gt;tester&lt;/em&gt; nor &lt;em&gt;checker&lt;/em&gt;.  Or you are both.  I believe the purpose of the article you referenced was to illustrate different ways to approach our jobs, not a way to drop people into buckets so that they can be treated differently.   The role you play in your organization is a consequence of many circumstances, e.g. your general experience, your familiarity with your current project, and your schedule.  Sometimes you may test; other times, you may check.  To imply that a person is one thing or the other is to ignore their changing circumstances, and your own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-05T22:58:58.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2571" CreationDate="2012-02-06T02:10:54.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it can be hard to get useful feedback when you are paving the way.  A testing job is also a behind-the-scenes job.  If you do a good job, everything just works and no one knows (or cares) what you did or how you did it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may take time for anyone to care enough about your automation to offer useful feedback.  You may need to decide for yourself how you measure your progess.  If you cannot get useful feedback on your tactics (e.g. whether your tests are coded in the best way), you may want to measure something more tangible.  This may impact what you work on.  For example, instead of writing automated tests, you may want to look for ways to automate the setup of manual tests.  Manual testing may require populating databases in a certain way or configuring software in a cerain way.  If you can automate that process, you can measure your success in terms of time savings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have specific questions about how to write automated tests, this forum is a good place to ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T02:10:54.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2580" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-06T10:30:55.753" Score="2" ViewCount="3618" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on selenium 2.18.0 version with firefox 8.0.1.While executing script i am getting error like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;15:52:07.342 INFO - Started HttpContext[/wd,/wd]&#xA;15:52:07.347 INFO - Started SocketListener on 0.0.0.0:5603&#xA;15:52:07.348 INFO - Started org.openqa.jetty.jetty.Server@33db4f6f&#xA;15:52:07.441 INFO - Preparing Firefox profile...&#xA;15:52:11.549 INFO - Launching Firefox...&#xA;15:52:15.106 INFO - Checking Resource aliases&#xA;15:52:17.008 INFO - Checking Resource aliases&#xA;15:52:17.012 INFO - Received posted results&#xA;15:52:17.558 INFO - Killing Firefox...&#xA;15:52:17.560 WARN - Firefox seems to have ended on its own (did we kill the real&#xA; browser???)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so i am not able to run script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can i do so that this error will resolve?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is script i have generated by using IDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;http://www.gmail.com&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=Email&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=Passwd&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=signIn&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAt&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id=':oy']/div/div&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;name=to&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;test@test.com&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;name=subject&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;testSubject&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=body[class='editable&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;LW-avf']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;asdasd&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;keyPress&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div/b[text()='Send']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;13&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is first time i am using selenium RC, may be something missed out by me, but i am not able to get that one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i tried with IE 8 getting same error i.e.19:20:40.586 WARN - Embedded iexplore seems to have ended on its own (did we kil l the real browser???) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;done with export (java)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java Code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.example.tests;&#xA;&#xA;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.*;&#xA;import java.util.regex.Pattern;&#xA;&#xA;public class 123 extends SeleneseTestCase {&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;        setUp(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;, &quot;*chrome&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void test123() throws Exception {&#xA;        selenium.start();&#xA;        selenium.open(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.type(&quot;id=Email&quot;, &quot;asd&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.type(&quot;id=Passwd&quot;, &quot;trest&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.click(&quot;id=signIn&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.waitForPageToLoad(&quot;30000&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.clickAt(&quot;//div[@id=':oy']/div/div&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.type(&quot;name=to&quot;, &quot;test@test.com&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.type(&quot;name=subject&quot;, &quot;testSubject&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.type(&quot;css=body[class='editable  LW-avf']&quot;, &quot;asdasd&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.keyPress(&quot;//div/b[text()='Send']&quot;, &quot;13&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1998" LastEditorUserId="1998" LastEditDate="2012-02-13T13:07:52.573" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T17:12:51.067" Title="Error while running script selenium RC" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2580" CreationDate="2012-02-06T16:22:09.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like you are trying to connect to a non-standard port for Selenium RC, I assume Selenium-Server isn't running on that port (This is usually the cause of errors like this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try changing your code to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*firefox&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;siteYouAreTesting&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;my assumption is that you currently have the port set to 5603 instead of 4444.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this is largely guesswork as you have supplied no code...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T16:22:09.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2570" CreationDate="2012-02-06T16:47:59.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you are working in crazy land...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first question is how expensive are your testers?  How can it be cheaper for the PM to sit down and write all the tests, hasn't (s)he got better things to be doing (like managing the project)?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you need somebody to sit between the PM and the testers (e.g. a test manager) who can collaborate closely with the PM to ensure that they have transfered all of thier knowledge over to the testers.  The test manager can also liase with the dev team to find out what they have implemented (it probably won't be the same as what the PM envisioned) and ideally to users to find out exactly what they wanted (again probably different to what the devs and PM have done).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some positives (probably not all):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A test manager should be there for the testers all the time whereas&#xA;the PM is going to have limited time due to the nature of thier role.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The test manager can give the PM regular updates as to how testing is&#xA;progressing, and should pick up on the general feeling about the&#xA;status of the product as they work with the testers all the time&#xA;(this can be invaluable to the PM who may not get the true feeling of&#xA;how good/bad the product is from the limited exposure they would&#xA;normally get to the test team).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some negatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you get a bad test manager with poor communication skills, or somebody who want to horde information to themselves and not pass it on you are going to have real problems (but then this person shouldn't be a test manager in the first place).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The testers should be writing scripts for the regression pack (or even better automating them and getting them running on a CI system), and performing as much exploritory testing as possible (because thats where you find the real bugs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T16:47:59.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2556" CreationDate="2012-02-06T16:52:27.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can only test HTML based websites with Selenium.  If the Oracle application exposes an HTML based front end that is accessible via a web browser then you can use Selenium to test it, if not you can't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to have a look at native driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/nativedriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/nativedriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is based on WebDriver and aims to expand the automation capabilities to desktop applications (I'm not sure how active it is at the moment though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T16:52:27.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2570" CreationDate="2012-02-06T19:40:32.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any of the listed approaches will work &lt;em&gt;with the right people on the right positions&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However you need to understand, that:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;providing ~100% product coverage with the detailed test cases is a full time position (or even 2 or more), if done right. And assigning this task to PM is a waste of money.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;overqualified people soon will become unhappy doing monkey job.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automated tests suite is a standalone project with its own bugs/debugs/releases/roadmap, which requires:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;a. requirements (which mostly are detailed test cases).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;b. developer/operator, who will run the suite and file/fix/hotfix/hack-real-time-workarounds issues found for a while.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;c. coding skills, to be able to use/fix/improve this suite the next day after initial author quit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you have 1 busy PM and a bunch of mid level testers, consider this:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project manager gives priorities to the features with the short description.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Split product modules between the testers, and let each tester cover his/her own modules with tests.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the regression tests time comes, make testers test others' modules. Rotate assignments every time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will generate some:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Free time for project manager for his direct responsibilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creative and happy time for testers, as well as ownership pride boost.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feedback and knowledge transfers between the testers, resulting in documents quality growth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T19:40:32.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2571" CreationDate="2012-02-06T23:23:36.093" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Post some feature description and a set of test cases you wrote for it, and ask for review.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Do the same with your automation test cases code at &lt;a href=&quot;http://codereview.stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;http://codereview.stackexchange.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-02-06T23:23:36.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2586" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-07T07:05:06.527" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T07:05:06.527" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T07:05:06.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2587" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-07T07:05:06.527" Score="0" Body="GUI automation testing tool created by Borland (a Microfocus company) which supports various UI technologies like Win32, Java, .NET and Web." OwnerUserId="1429" LastEditorUserId="1429" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T11:35:28.553" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T11:35:28.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14476" CreationDate="2012-02-07T09:54:10.967" Score="4" ViewCount="566" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in the middle of developing an embedded network appliance and am thinking about how to test how it would work in different environments, in regards to the traffic flowing on that network. Is their any tools or recommended ways to go in this matter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are things I have come up with to test but don't know how:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does it handle traffic intended for someone else?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do I stress test it? I would like to see the availability of the rest of the appliance e.g. in case of a denial of service attack.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does it handle errornous packets?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2027" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T00:19:17.287" Title="How do you test a network stack for outbound traffic?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-07T10:02:36.180" Score="3" ViewCount="408" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help with using &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/projects/remote-control/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium-RC&lt;/a&gt; + Grails? I have used Selenium with Java but had no problem writing the code and launching the browser. But is the source code of my project required when i need to use Selenium-RC with Grails?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any links to resources to learn will be very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T22:01:27.050" LastActivityDate="2014-07-27T06:32:32.457" Title="Is the source code required when using Selenium-RC with Grails?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2588" CreationDate="2012-02-07T11:44:32.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A vulnerability scanning tool such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nessus_%28software%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nessus&lt;/a&gt; can be used to send all manner of dodgy network traffic to a device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nessus is free for private use but needs a license for professional use. There's also &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenVAS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OpenVAS&lt;/a&gt; which is free (GPL). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T11:44:32.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2591" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-07T13:53:37.350" Score="3" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded the vISUAL Nunit 2010 and also edited the .vbproj file guid. But still Visual Studio is not displaying nunit tests. Any idea what I am missing here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2030" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T13:36:46.317" Title="Not displaying nunit tests in visual studion after NUnit integration in Visual Studio" Tags="&lt;tfs2010&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2588" CreationDate="2012-02-07T13:56:05.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traffic intended for someone else- at what level Ethernet or IP?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IXIA (IxChariot and few hardware solutions),Spirent (SmartBits) and others sell test equipment that you can easily use to simulate wrong addressing, errors, flooding, different traffic shapes etc. &#xA;The key question is- what is your budget ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T13:56:05.950" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2589" CreationDate="2012-02-07T14:03:41.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Geb, it's a groovy wrapper for Selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gebish.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grails.org/plugin/geb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://grails.org/plugin/geb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T14:03:41.887" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2588" CreationDate="2012-02-07T14:05:02.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the browsermob proxy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://opensource.webmetrics.com/browsermob-proxy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://opensource.webmetrics.com/browsermob-proxy/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T14:05:02.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2012-02-07T14:19:10.770" Score="29" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check the header response to check that you get a 200 OK (or maybe a redirect, depends on your expected outcome) and it will tell you that a file exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Ardesco/Ebselen/blob/master/ebselen-core/src/main/java/com/lazerycode/ebselen/customhandlers/FileDownloader.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is my implementation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This finds the link on the page and extracts the URL being linked to.  It then uses apache commons to replicate the browser session used by selenium and then download the file.  There are some instances where it won't work (where the link found on the page does not actually link to the download file but a layer to prevent automated file download).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, it works well and is cross-platform/cross-browser compliant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt; /*&#xA;  * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 Ardesco Solutions - http://www.ardescosolutions.com&#xA;  *&#xA;  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the &amp;quot;License&amp;quot;);&#xA;  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.&#xA;  * You may obtain a copy of the License at&#xA;  *&#xA;  * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0&#xA;  *&#xA;  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software&#xA;  * distributed under the License is distributed on an &amp;quot;AS IS&amp;quot; BASIS,&#xA;  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.&#xA;  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and&#xA;  * limitations under the License.&#xA;  */&#xA;&#xA;package com.lazerycode.ebselen.customhandlers;&#xA;&#xA;import com.google.common.annotations.Beta;&#xA;import com.lazerycode.ebselen.EbselenCore;&#xA;import com.lazerycode.ebselen.handlers.FileHandler;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.*;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.cookie.CookiePolicy;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.*;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;import java.util.Set;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.slf4j.Logger;&#xA;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;&#xA;&#xA;@Beta&#xA;public class FileDownloader {&#xA;&#xA;    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EbselenCore.class);&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private String downloadPath = System.getProperty(&amp;quot;java.io.tmpdir&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    public FileDownloader(WebDriver driverObject) {&#xA;        this.driver = driverObject;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Get the current location that files will be downloaded to.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @return The filepath that the file will be downloaded to.&#xA;     */&#xA;    public String getDownloadPath() {&#xA;        return this.downloadPath;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Set the path that files will be downloaded to.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param filePath The filepath that the file will be downloaded to.&#xA;     */&#xA;    public void setDownloadPath(String filePath) {&#xA;        this.downloadPath = filePath;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Load in all the cookies WebDriver currently knows about so that we can mimic the browser cookie state&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param seleniumCookieSet&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     */&#xA;    private HttpState mimicCookieState(Set&amp;lt;org.openqa.selenium.Cookie&amp;gt; seleniumCookieSet) {&#xA;        HttpState mimicWebDriverCookieState = new HttpState();&#xA;        for (org.openqa.selenium.Cookie seleniumCookie : seleniumCookieSet) {&#xA;            Cookie httpClientCookie = new Cookie(seleniumCookie.getDomain(), seleniumCookie.getName(), seleniumCookie.getValue(), seleniumCookie.getPath(), seleniumCookie.getExpiry(), seleniumCookie.isSecure());&#xA;            mimicWebDriverCookieState.addCookie(httpClientCookie);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return mimicWebDriverCookieState;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Mimic the WebDriver host configuration&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param hostURL&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     */&#xA;    private HostConfiguration mimicHostConfiguration(String hostURL, int hostPort) {&#xA;        HostConfiguration hostConfig = new HostConfiguration();&#xA;        hostConfig.setHost(hostURL, hostPort);&#xA;        return hostConfig;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public String fileDownloader(WebElement element) throws Exception {&#xA;        return downloader(element, &amp;quot;href&amp;quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public String imageDownloader(WebElement element) throws Exception {&#xA;        return downloader(element, &amp;quot;src&amp;quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public String downloader(WebElement element, String attribute) throws Exception {&#xA;        //Assuming that getAttribute does some magic to return a fully qualified URL&#xA;        String downloadLocation = element.getAttribute(attribute);&#xA;        if (downloadLocation.trim().equals(&amp;quot;&amp;quot;)) {&#xA;            throw new Exception(&amp;quot;The element you have specified does not link to anything!&amp;quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        URL downloadURL = new URL(downloadLocation);&#xA;        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();&#xA;        client.getParams().setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.RFC_2965);&#xA;        client.setHostConfiguration(mimicHostConfiguration(downloadURL.getHost(), downloadURL.getPort()));&#xA;        client.setState(mimicCookieState(driver.manage().getCookies()));&#xA;        HttpMethod getRequest = new GetMethod(downloadURL.getPath());&#xA;        FileHandler downloadedFile = new FileHandler(downloadPath + downloadURL.getFile().replaceFirst(&amp;quot;/|\\\\&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;), true);&#xA;        try {&#xA;            int status = client.executeMethod(getRequest);&#xA;            LOGGER.info(&amp;quot;HTTP Status {} when getting '{}'&amp;quot;, status, downloadURL.toExternalForm());&#xA;            BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(getRequest.getResponseBodyAsStream());&#xA;            int offset = 0;&#xA;            int len = 4096;&#xA;            int bytes = 0;&#xA;            byte[] block = new byte[len];&#xA;            while ((bytes = in.read(block, offset, len)) &amp;gt; -1) {&#xA;                downloadedFile.getWritableFileOutputStream().write(block, 0, bytes);&#xA;            }&#xA;            downloadedFile.close();&#xA;            in.close();&#xA;            LOGGER.info(&amp;quot;File downloaded to '{}'&amp;quot;, downloadedFile.getAbsoluteFile());&#xA;        } catch (Exception Ex) {&#xA;            LOGGER.error(&amp;quot;Download failed: {}&amp;quot;, Ex);&#xA;            throw new Exception(&amp;quot;Download failed!&amp;quot;);&#xA;        } finally {&#xA;            getRequest.releaseConnection();&#xA;        }&#xA;        return downloadedFile.getAbsoluteFile();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-24T07:52:37.950" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T07:52:37.950" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2012-02-07T14:28:54.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://slodive.com/web-development/cross-browser-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://slodive.com/web-development/cross-browser-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;take a look at this&#xA;i mainly use browsershot for css validation.&#xA;there is another tool though paid. but u can use the trail verssion. its called crossbrowser testing.&#xA;also its good idea to use selenium grid. because it is not possible to check links and the little bit of functionality using browser shots etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T14:28:54.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2212" CreationDate="2012-02-07T14:38:10.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could download the beta version or the trial version of a game;&#xA;these often have a lot of bugs. But game QA is not only about playing the game. It is about playing the game in as many ways as possible to cover most of the game world. For example, there could be a coalition bug or a place where the game goes out of world so playing the game in different ways will reveal more bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T22:44:00.890" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T22:44:00.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2580" CreationDate="2012-02-07T14:56:53.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;maybe try running the jar file outside your testing script from the command line and subsequently running your test script.  use java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.18.0.jar &#xA;also upgrade your firefox to 10.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2033" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T14:56:53.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2599" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-07T15:36:54.170" Score="9" ViewCount="2506" Body="&lt;p&gt;what is really the difference between a component/unit test and an integration test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose you do very fine unit testing with stubs and drivers and test each component as far as you can with unit tests, which kind of tests would you then do in integration testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(looking bottom up, from unit to integration level)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you test on unit level with BVA, perhaps it's sufficient to only&lt;br&gt;&#xA;test with EP on integration level? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can do positive and negative testcases on unit level, while you would restrict yourself to more positive testcases on integration level?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On integration level you focus more on data.  But how would you do&#xA;this exactly?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(looking top down from system to integration level)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You see which use cases can be sensibly executed with the few&#xA;components that are integrated already.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you do not want to do double work, which NEW tests would you write for integration level?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2034" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T20:15:22.553" Title="What is really tested in an integration test?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;iseb&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2599" CreationDate="2012-02-07T17:09:38.917" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Chris.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, regarding terminology, there are many terms for describing different kinds of testing.  Everyone uses them differently.  In some situations, those terms have specific meanings defined in contracts or regulatory documents.  Usually though, the terms are just labels assigned to vague concepts that individuals (rather they realize it or not) do not necessarily agree on.  When someone talks about &quot;unit testing&quot; or &quot;integration testing&quot;, I try to ask &lt;em&gt;what those terms mean to them&lt;/em&gt; so that we speak the same language.  In any case, I will assume your question &lt;em&gt;does not&lt;/em&gt; apply to a project with specific test processes defined in a contract or a regulatory document.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, if you unit test with &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary-value_analysis&quot;&gt;boundary value analysis&lt;/a&gt; (BVA), &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_partitioning&quot;&gt;equivalence partitioning&lt;/a&gt; (EP) should suffice in higher-level tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not mean to be evasive, but your integration tests should be whatever they need to be.  I think unit-testing is about testing individual (and perhaps indivisible) components, and system testing is about ensuring that the system works as a whole.  Software is an assembly of components, but a component may itself be a sub-assembly of other components.  Unit testing only verifies that a component behaves as the developer intended.  It does not guarantee that a component behaves the way everyone else assumes it behaves.  Integration testing is an opportunity to verify those assumptions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may help to think about the system-test/integration-test/unit-test hierarchy as the inverse of the diagnostic process.  When the dishwasher repairman arrived to fix my dishwasher, he started diagnosing the problem by interacting with the system interface, i.e. he closed the door, pressed some buttons on the control panel, listened to the sounds coming from the dishwasher, and then opened the dishwasher back up to see whether the dishes were wet.  After that, he narrowed his search to a specific sub-assembly, which has its own interface that is different from the system's.  Eventually he narrowed down the problem to a specific part, which has a different interface from the system's or the sub-assembly's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration testing is a means of identifying problems in a more easily-diagnosable manner than system testing.  The problems are more easily diagnosable because the integration test is specific to a sub-assembly (with fewer moving parts) rather than to the system as a whole.  Because it works at the sub-assembly level, the integration test may have access to addition diagnostic information that is not exposed at the system level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at this from the other direction, then, your integration test should focus on the sub-assembly's interface, not the interfaces of its component parts.  If you find a large overlap between your component tests and your sub-assembly tests, it may mean that you do not really need to test the sub-assembly, or conversely that you need to define your sub-assembly in a different way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-07T17:48:53.067" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T17:48:53.067" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1290" CreationDate="2012-02-07T20:30:55.890" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to install the selenium bindings for Python. Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo pip install selenium&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="59" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T20:30:55.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1290" CreationDate="2012-02-07T21:09:15.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Run python and do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import sys&#xA;&#xA;sys.path&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it will return sort of &quot;list of folders/modules&quot; you can import from.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;To be able to import from &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt;, you need to have it in this list,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;it appears similar to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'.../lib/python2.6/site-packages/selenium-2.12.1-py2.6.egg',&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have one, chances are you did not installed it properly, or it didn't make it to your &lt;code&gt;pythonpath&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you still sure that you did install it, try to add path to the selenium folder to the &lt;code&gt;sys.path&lt;/code&gt; manually like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import sys&#xA;&#xA;path_to_selenium = '/path/to/installed/selenium'&#xA;sys.path.append(path_to_selenium)&#xA;&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information read &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python.org/tutorial/modules.html#the-module-search-path&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python.org/library/exceptions.html#exceptions.ImportError&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=importerror&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-02-07T21:09:15.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2603" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2604" CreationDate="2012-02-07T22:53:26.760" Score="3" ViewCount="576" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in charge of the automation for a hotels search/book XML API. My experience is mostly with SOATest and a bit of soapUI. I would like to know if there is a better approach to do it, I'm looking to create a robust, maintainable, easy to parametrize and efficient automation suite.&#xA;Using SOATest, for instance, I've found myself limited by the supported version of the built-in python interpreter (pretty old version), so some modules were old, or worst, didn't exist.&#xA;I would like to know if developing a script using modules that provide me the interface with the XML API through HTTP like mechanize for Perl/Ruby or using a tool like soapUI/SOATest is the best approach. Or maybe there is another way I'm not aware of, hope you guys can help and provide advice with your experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1448" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T00:12:58.577" Title="Best approach/tool to develop an automation suite to test an XML API?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2603" CreationDate="2012-02-08T00:12:58.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found soapUI good for a lot of things, especially when I'm first exploring a service, but at the end of the day, I'm personally not a big fan of it for full, maintainable test suites. I've also no experience whatsoever with SOATest. The best solution that I've found so far is use your language and test runner of choice, a BDD library if you so choose, and write the suite yourself.  The only time I've run into issues with this is when it came down to time, and how to integrate with other services if data needs to be synchronized between multiple services that aren't easy to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows you to use parameters, URI's, etc that off the shelf tools may not allow you to perform as well as gives you more fine grained control over what you're tests are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T00:12:58.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2605" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-08T08:36:44.600" Score="3" ViewCount="675" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Selenium RC code is launching the browser but it is taking me to C:\Users\Kanishka\AppData\Local\Temp\customProfileDir3e16427300054effa807e843dd1a332f\core\Blank.html instead of the intended URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code I have written is very simple and I am using all default Selenium settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import grails.plugins.selenium.*&#xA;import org.junit.*&#xA;import static org.junit.Assert.*&#xA;import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*&#xA;&#xA;@Mixin(SeleniumAware)&#xA;class NewTests extends GroovyTestCase &#xA;{&#xA;    void testHomepageLoads() &#xA;    {&#xA;        selenium.start()&#xA;        selenium.open(&quot;http://www.google.co.in/&quot;)&#xA;        assertTrue selenium.isTextPresent(&quot;Welcome to Grails&quot;)&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-02-11T16:15:51.887" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T23:48:49.400" Title="Selenium RC using Grails unable to open URL" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2606" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-08T11:10:32.690" Score="16" ViewCount="65363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium 2. I have loaded the page using Get command in WebDriver class which is in the package &lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium&lt;/code&gt;. My question is that what is Selenium's default timeout for page loading?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T23:48:13.410" LastActivityDate="2020-02-24T03:20:23.000" Title="What is Selenium's default timeout for page loading?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2599" CreationDate="2012-02-08T13:05:51.290" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The objective is to resolve conflicts between components being integrated. Those kind of conflicts cannot be found during unit tests. The example of dishwasher of @user246 is very illustrative here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type of conflicts you may encounter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A component transmits &lt;strong&gt;syntactically wrong or no data&lt;/strong&gt;. The receiving&#xA;  component cannot operate or crashes (functional fault in a component,&#xA;  incompatible interface formats, protocols faults).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The communication works but the involved components &lt;strong&gt;interpret&lt;/strong&gt; the received&#xA;  data in &lt;strong&gt;a different way&lt;/strong&gt; (functional fault of a component,&#xA;  contradicting or misinterpreted specifications).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Data is transmitted correctly but it is transmitted at the &lt;strong&gt;wrong time&lt;/strong&gt;, or is&#xA;  late (time problem), or intervals between the transmissions are too&#xA;  short (throughput, load, or capacity problem).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/3898643638&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Software Testing Foundations&quot;&lt;/a&gt; book by Spillner et al.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, you may find those problems both during integration of your software and of your software with off-the-shelf components, e.g., libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; I started to &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/pub?key=0AhdKrbQXeg71dEdMWnhXMDlrZ09XMFhzZ2xIUEYxZkE&amp;amp;single=true&amp;amp;gid=1&amp;amp;output=html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;analyze different bugs&lt;/a&gt; that I and my colleagues found in integration tests. I believe it can be useful to know also examples of the conflict classes I mentioned above. Being more sensitive on what can go wrong in integration can allow us to stress those points in tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT 2:&lt;/strong&gt; I found a more comprehensive source on integration bugs  found &lt;a href=&quot;http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~perry/work/papers/ie-update.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Empirical Study of Software Interface Faults — An Update&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. It's from 1987 but does not seem much outdated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-01T20:15:22.553" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T20:15:22.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2608" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2610" CreationDate="2012-02-08T14:53:38.947" Score="3" ViewCount="1086" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to automate some testing of calls we make to an external service.  I've gotten Browsermob-proxy and selenium to play together nicely.  I'd now like to monitor the requests as they occur, however I am receiving a ConcurrentModificationException in line 5 of the below loop:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;while (!found) {&#xA;    har = server.getHar();&#xA;    HarLog harLog = har.getLog();&#xA;    List&amp;lt;HarEntry&amp;gt; entries = harLog.getEntries();&#xA;    for (HarEntry entry : entries) { //Exception occurs on this line&#xA;        for (HarNameValuePair queryData : entry.getRequest().getQueryString()) {&#xA;            found = (queryData.getName().compareToIgnoreCase(&quot;events&quot;) == 0)&#xA;                 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (queryData.getValue().contains(&quot;event5&quot;));&#xA;            if (found) {&#xA;               //Do some processing &amp;amp; break out&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this something I should be doing with a &lt;a href=&quot;http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-core-ga/httpcore/apidocs/org/apache/http/HttpRequestInterceptor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HttpRequestInterceptor&lt;/a&gt; instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A slight modification to the example will allow this code to work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;HarEntry&amp;gt; entries = new CopyOnWriteArrayList&amp;lt;HarEntry&amp;gt;(harLog.getEntries());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastEditorUserId="2043" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T17:09:38.850" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T17:09:38.850" Title="Har File Monitoring" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2614" CreationDate="2012-02-08T16:03:36.327" Score="26" ViewCount="164268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard rumors that Selenium WebDriver can run without opening a real browser window, meaning it runs in the background.  I am using the C# Client Drivers, FirefoxDriver within the automated tests, and launching a class library project (containing my code) using NUnit.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If so, how can this be done?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, what is the benefit to doing it this way?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you still have to keep the waits (thread.sleep and implicit waits) in the code since the browser isn't open?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-06T21:18:22.330" LastActivityDate="2019-10-09T09:11:01.617" Title="Running WebDriver without opening actual browser window" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="18" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2608" CreationDate="2012-02-08T16:17:22.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/webmetrics/browsermob-proxy/issues/39&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Issue 39&lt;/a&gt;, due to the request made at &lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.google.com/group/browsermob-proxy/browse_thread/thread/c5bcf3a70e40c955&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;browsermob-proxy google group&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-08T16:28:31.833" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T16:28:31.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2609" CreationDate="2012-02-08T18:35:18.537" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can attempt to run your tests inside an instance of the HtmlUnitDriver.  I attempted to look at the documentation on this, but the chm file inside of the latest release seems to be botched.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/webkitdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebkitDriver&lt;/a&gt;, but that seems to be Java only for the time being.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastActivityDate="2012-02-08T18:35:18.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2606" CreationDate="2012-02-08T20:00:09.117" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, saikrishna.  According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/5504375/100464&quot;&gt;StackOverflow question&lt;/a&gt;, the timeout is 30 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T06:19:51.600" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T06:19:51.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2609" CreationDate="2012-02-09T10:51:13.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can RUN the Test using HTMLUnitDriver, its the fastest and light weight of most of webdrivers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T10:51:13.760" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2609" CreationDate="2012-02-09T11:02:01.303" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option is HTMLUnit, which is headless but has its own proprietary JavaScript rendering engine, so it is possible that it will behave differently than existing browsers (If you do use HTMLUnit, don't forget to enable JavaScript when you instantiate it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second option is to use XVFB; this will run the tests in a virtual frame buffer environemt.  This has been reported quite a few times on the Selenium users mailing list as well as the Selenium blog, &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/2012/01/25/a-smattering-of-selenium-76/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;see this post&lt;/a&gt; for some XVFB implementations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Linking directly to the tutorials:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://fishi.devtail.io/weblog/2015/03/02/functional-headless-ui-testing-django-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;functional-headless-ui-testing-django-selenium&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=DL7gyuqkzzU&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Watch player_embedded&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you google for Selenium and XVFB you'll find lots more info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2018-03-16T15:11:03.380" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T15:11:03.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2606" CreationDate="2012-02-09T12:29:49.030" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;The default &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; setting for timeouts is never.  &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; will sit there forever waiting for the page to load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following timeouts are available:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  /**&#xA;   * An interface for managing timeout behavior for WebDriver instances.&#xA;   */&#xA;  interface Timeouts {&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Specifies the amount of time the driver should wait when searching for an element if it is&#xA;     * not immediately present.&#xA;     * &amp;lt;p/&amp;gt;&#xA;     * When searching for a single element, the driver should poll the page until the element has&#xA;     * been found, or this timeout expires before throwing a {@link NoSuchElementException}. When&#xA;     * searching for multiple elements, the driver should poll the page until at least one element&#xA;     * has been found or this timeout has expired.&#xA;     * &amp;lt;p/&amp;gt;&#xA;     * Increasing the implicit wait timeout should be used judiciously as it will have an adverse&#xA;     * effect on test run time, especially when used with slower location strategies like XPath.&#xA;     * &#xA;     * @param time The amount of time to wait.&#xA;     * @param unit The unit of measure for {@code time}.&#xA;     * @return A self reference.&#xA;     */&#xA;    Timeouts implicitlyWait(long time, TimeUnit unit);&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Sets the amount of time to wait for an asynchronous script to finish execution before&#xA;     * throwing an error. If the timeout is negative, then the script will be allowed to run&#xA;     * indefinitely.&#xA;     * &#xA;     * @param time The timeout value.&#xA;     * @param unit The unit of time.&#xA;     * @return A self reference.&#xA;     * @see JavascriptExecutor#executeAsyncScript(String, Object...)&#xA;     */&#xA;    Timeouts setScriptTimeout(long time, TimeUnit unit);&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Sets the amount of time to wait for a page load to complete before throwing an error.&#xA;     * If the timeout is negative, page loads can be indefinite.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param time The timeout value.&#xA;     * @param unit The unit of time.&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     */&#xA;    Timeouts pageLoadTimeout(long time, TimeUnit unit);&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can tweak the timeouts by setting &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.Timeouts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: Updated the outdated wiki url&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-02-24T03:20:23.000" LastActivityDate="2020-02-24T03:20:23.000" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2591" CreationDate="2012-02-09T13:36:46.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;it might help someone. As My mistake assuming that visual Nunit will show the test in test View but it will show tests by selecting  View-&gt; otherwindows-&gt; Visual Nunit. Then It will display all your tests. Also If you want to see all you nunit tests in test View just like mstest then you have to install nunit for VS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2030" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T13:36:46.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2599" CreationDate="2012-02-09T16:11:28.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with user246 in regards to always confirming implied meaning of terminology. I was taught and have always used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.faqs.org/faqs/software-eng/testing-faq/section-14.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this reference&lt;/a&gt; wrt understanding the abstract &quot;levels of testing&quot; and wrote a bit about it &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2011/06/25/levels-of-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my current role I manage a team of testers that do 90% integration testing. What that means is that while we rely on our developers to do unit testing of individual functions and components prior to any check-in. Oour responsibility lies primarily in testing functional &quot;scenarios&quot; of the 'components' below or without the user interface. This is beneficial because often time the functional capabilities or &quot;business logic&quot; is well tested before the user interface stabalizes enough to automate tests. (Also IMHO, it is more effective to automate &quot;functional&quot; tests that exercise the &quot;business logic&quot; below the UI, and use UI automation to mostly focus on behavioral aspects of the UI code.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, as Sam indicates above unit tests may rely on stubs or mocks, integration tests should never use a mocked component. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WRT BVA and EP, I do think that boundaries should be throughly tested in unit tests. But, EP is a mechanism that can help identify sub-boundary conditions at the edges of 'ranges' of data partitions in some cases. The edge cases of EP (e.g. unique or special sets of EP data) can typically be tested more efficiently at the integration level. (Efficient in terms of time. Unit tests can't take forever, or be completely inclusive. In our case our integration tests are developed in-sync  with the dev code in an effort to identify &quot;functional&quot; issues way up stream before they are incorporated into the main branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T16:11:28.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-02-09T16:11:36.733" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;interesting question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QABook Enterprise is a direct competitor to HP's QC for large team usage. For smaller teams where QC is just too expensive QABook Desktop is proving to be popular providing the same QC type functionality at $95 a licence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can download a free standalone version of Desktop at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmqa.com/DownloadQABook.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.nmqa.com/DownloadQABook.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be great to get your thoughts, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paul - pworswick@nmqa.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2048" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T16:11:36.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2619" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2624" CreationDate="2012-02-09T20:07:36.040" Score="3" ViewCount="805" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.my-debugbar.com/wiki/IETester/HomePage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IETester&lt;/a&gt; in the past for testing in older versions of IE, however I've recently come across &lt;a href=&quot;http://utilu.com/IECollection/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Utilu IE Collection&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://utilu.com/UtiluMFC/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Utilu Firefox Collection&lt;/a&gt;.  However, I'm not certain of the reliability of the outputs I receive from these tools.  Is it best to simply keep VMs installed with these browsers or are these tools good enough?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T14:36:16.340" Title="Utilu vs IETester vs Virtual Machines" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1928" CreationDate="2012-02-09T22:19:14.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am glad I found this message thread.  I must have different version of webdriver and the following line works for me using IE8.   Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.execute_script(&quot;document.getElementById('overridelink').click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited to add:&#xA;forgot to mention that my driver = webdriver.Ie() ! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2051" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-02-09T22:37:30.843" LastActivityDate="2012-02-09T22:37:30.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2267" CreationDate="2012-02-10T05:34:54.937" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-testing-tutorials-automation.com/2013/06/selenium-draganddrop-and.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.software-testing-tutorials-automation.com/2013/06/selenium-draganddrop-and.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Selenium IDE there are 2 main drag and drop commands;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1)  dragAndDrop - Locates the target element and drags the element by x pixels horizontally and y pixels vertically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the IDE this should look like;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command  -  dragAndDrop&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;Target   -  [ locator of the target element ]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;Value    -  [ (x-pixels),(y-pixels) ]  &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where x-pixels/y-pixels can be negative (left/up respectively) or positive (right/down respectively)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2)  dragAndDropToObject - Locates the target element and drags the element to the centre pixel location of the destination element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the IDE this should look like;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command  -  dragAndDropToObject&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;Target   -  [ locator of the target element ]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;Value    -  [ locator of the destination element to drop it on top of ]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other drag and drop commands impose the -AndWait suffix, so assume that in response to the drag and drop done a request is sent and selenium should wait for the page to reload.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1738" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T14:00:39.843" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T14:00:39.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2300" CreationDate="2012-02-10T06:16:29.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried the HtmlUnit Driver. I use this driver for the scheduled runs I find its must faster as it doesnt have the overhead of having to render the page and in my experience finds elements just fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said its great for test automation scheduled runs as long as your not doing manual visual checks or screenshots and have good catches in place for debugging which you should have anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use HtmlUnit driver for automated runs and switch to firefox etc. for writing, debugging etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1738" LastEditorUserId="1738" LastEditDate="2012-02-12T09:40:40.043" LastActivityDate="2012-02-12T09:40:40.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2619" CreationDate="2012-02-10T14:36:16.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only sure way is to use virtual machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things like IE tester emulate older versions of IE, but they a locked into using the current set of DLL's loaded into windows.  You will see errors in the native version of the browser that you do not see in IETester (and things like it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this to be a fact because I have previously used IE tester to validate software that failed using a copy if IE6 in a virtual machine, and on a real install of IE6 (and I was left with egg on my face).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1074380/does-ietester-run-the-actual-same-code-that-existed-for-ie6-ie7-or-is-it-an-e&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1074380/does-ietester-run-the-actual-same-code-that-existed-for-ie6-ie7-or-is-it-an-e&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-02-10T14:36:16.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2633" CreationDate="2012-02-12T22:47:10.560" Score="21" ViewCount="26509" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are migrating our production data (DB and filesystem) from a fairly complex data model to another fairly complex data model. The migration process is given by the specification as a set of mapping rules and transformation functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm planning a testing strategy for this migration process. To identify the riskiest areas here, I've read some lessons learned from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.it/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=data%20migration%20testing%20projects&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=1&amp;amp;ved=0CDAQFjAA&amp;amp;url=http://www.datamigrationpro.com/data-quality-expert-forum/2008/11/18/data-migration-testing-project-what-are-the-key-things-to-co.html&amp;amp;ei=nEE4T9vwEcaf-wb9_8WYAg&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNHCiAFP8IjIPS4VbdKqOOyRnEY2fw&amp;amp;sig2=ey8R6f3NuMBJZrE0THRSrg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;migration testing&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.information-management.com/issues/20070601/1086005-1.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ETL tools testing&lt;/a&gt; in general and compared them with our migration process specification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where the things may go wrong?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For backward compatibility reasons, the new data will be provided by the new application to the old modules through adapters. Old modules will do their job using migrated data as they used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The new data model will support some new application features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The new data model will no longer support some old (usually used infrequently) application features. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nullable fields in the old model are no longer nullable. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Files in the filesystem are defined in a different format.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data that used to be decoupled in the old system will now be joined  (e.g. customers with their projects) based on:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automatic rules&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;administrator rules&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New data formats will be used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What may go wrong?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Values for data used by new features may have incorrectly defaulted. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adapter may translate new data to legacy format incorrectly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not all entities may be migrated, e.g., some old client configurations cannot be found in the new system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not all data (properties) may be migrated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New data model may use data formats may not be able to store some old data structure (e.g., VARCHAR vs. BLOB)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Migrated files may not be readable for old modules&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &lt;em&gt;very first&lt;/em&gt; idea is to combine two testing strategies here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Low-level testing strategy&lt;/strong&gt; that will be relatively thorough but will have little coverage. The idea is to isolate a most representative sample of original data  (that makes sense for the business, e.g., single customer and its documents). Then, for each mapping rule define real expected output for the corresponding part of the sample data.  Automate checks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;High-level testing strategy&lt;/strong&gt; that will be less thorough but will cover the majority of application functionalities and try to identify integration problems with old modules. The idea is to migrate all data first. Then perform user test scenarios that involve all functionalities of the new application and of the old modules.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other strategies would you suggest to discover bugs for the identified risks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:14:29.307" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:15:19.990" Title="How to test data migration procedure?" Tags="&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2580" CreationDate="2012-02-13T17:12:51.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;try to use the &quot;*iexploreproxy&quot; instead of *iexplore and same for firefox &quot;*firefoxproxy&quot;&#xA;also set your port to 4444.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2012-02-13T17:12:51.067" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="953" CreationDate="2012-02-14T14:11:27.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;testerab, you mentioned escaping the equals sign with the relevant HTML escape character.   There are two kinds of encoding for special characters in HTML: entity notation and URL Encoding.  In &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;entity notation&lt;/a&gt;, an equals sign would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#x003D&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;URL encoding&lt;/a&gt;, an equal sign would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;%3D&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your problem, the appropriate encoding would be URL encoding.  If you haven't already, please give that a try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-14T14:11:27.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-02-14T14:34:51.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Migration can be a messy process to test, and some testers might approach it half-heartedly.  It is good to see that you are taking it seriously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might think about how migration could be impacted by configuration settings.  If your product has per-customer configuration settings that could impact migration, you might consider how to test an appropriate sample of settings.  Your definition of &quot;appropriate&quot; may depend on factors such as who your customers are, which settings are most important, risky, or complicated. &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=combinatorial&quot;&gt;Other questions in this forum&lt;/a&gt; discuss approaches to combinatorial testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-02-14T14:34:51.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2538" CreationDate="2012-02-14T15:12:21.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;WebDriver does not work properly when the browser is minimized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-14T15:12:21.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-02-14T17:51:55.253" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having been involved in a few data migrations myself, I'd say you have a pretty good start down the right track.  Creating baselines of expected behaviour prior to the migration and comparing them after the migration will be useful, but as you mentioned there are a number of things that are expected to change so the results will not be exactly the same and there will be some manual effort involved to compare the results and ensure they meet expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you already outlined, you plan on running regression tests against the application to ensure that the functionality has not been broken. Hopefully, you already have automated tests or a well defined manual test suite for most of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some additional things that I would watch out for from my own personal experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you take a look at the current edge cases and that they are covered in the migration.  It is easy for a developer to handle all of the data that is normally expected, however, there are always edge cases where data for particular customers or particular configurations are stored differently and you need to ensure that those special cases are handled properly as well.  (I found an issue that would have caused 200,000 people in a &quot;special&quot; state -out of millions - to be locked out of their accounts during one migration).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the system will be online during the migration, (I'm thinking of a migration that may take hours or even days or weeks) make sure that after the initial pass, the cleanup process to get all of the data since the start of the migration is just as robust as the original process.  It's easy for developers to spend less time on this part, but it is just as critical.  It is also harder to test if you are only testing with a small subset of the data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If at all possible, go through a full migration with the entire dataset as a dry-run prior to the migration.  Even if you can't test every piece of data, this will give developers a lot of information and they may well find that some of their migration scripts errored out on certain data that they will need to analyze a bit more closely to ensure they handle correctly.  Then go to town on your regression testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a set of tools from Red-Gate that allow you to do data comparisons between databases.  Even if the data is stored differently, you can compare the results of specific queries, so if you know that a query in the old system should be equivalent to a query in the new system you can compare them that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:14:45.403" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:14:45.403" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2209" CreationDate="2012-02-14T19:11:50.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This won't be the most reliable solution but if you're looking for a one-off way to run this test a few times I would suggest AutoHotkey (http://www.autohotkey.com/docs/Tutorial.htm). It won't be pretty but it would get the job done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest shrinking the scope of your test with other methods though if you want to test them more thoroughly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="989" LastActivityDate="2012-02-14T19:11:50.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2635" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2636" CreationDate="2012-02-14T23:48:24.613" Score="5" ViewCount="468" Body="&lt;p&gt;DISCLAIMER: I could not resist not to ask this question, although I know there is no single, objective answer. Please, delete it or turn it into community wiki.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a potential employer, how would you respond to a cover letter with a list of genuine bugs found in his /her site or product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just to present sample of applicant's skills (in bug hunting) by analogy to portfolio of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;photographs, when applying to a photography school / media agency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open source projects, when applying for a developer job&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-02-15T00:26:56.703" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T16:08:02.507" Title="Could I get a job by sending a list of bugs found in products of potential employer?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2635" CreationDate="2012-02-15T00:22:56.713" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some folks will admire your initiative and skill. Others may be annoyed, depending on whether the bugs you find relate to their day-to-day concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In either case, unless you know what concerns plague the people who will receive your bug list, there's a chance that your testing will not relate closely to what's on their minds. If that happens, your approach may come off as a gimmick: Clever, but less helpful than you'd hoped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T00:22:56.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2637" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2647" CreationDate="2012-02-15T06:07:32.360" Score="2" ViewCount="13025" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project where I have to locate a button. I have used XPath for that, but the button's id changes on every refresh, so I am facing a problem with that. Below is a HTML excerpt. Let me know how I can identify that button so that it will not cause an error even if the id changes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;LoginButton&quot; style=&quot;float: left;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;table style=&quot;width: auto;&quot; id=&quot;ext-comp-1032&quot; class=&quot;x-btn x-btn-noicon x-btn-over x-btn-focus&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tbody class=&quot;x-btn-small x-btn-icon-small-left&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-tl&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-tc&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-tr&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-ml&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-mc&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;em class=&quot;&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;button class=&quot; x-btn-text&quot; id=&quot;ext-gen12&quot; type=&quot;button&quot;&amp;gt;Login&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-mr&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-bl&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-bc&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;x-btn-br&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1998" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T09:19:51.953" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T14:14:02.490" Title="Cannot locate button with changing ID in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2637" CreationDate="2012-02-15T06:15:22.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're already using XPath for this, can you start your XPath earlier on, for example, from the table that it appears as though this is in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T06:15:22.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2635" CreationDate="2012-02-15T10:03:59.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an employer I would be very suspicious about how you gained such specific information about what I would view as &quot;insider knowledge&quot; regarding the observed quality of the system under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's my view anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T10:03:59.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-02-15T10:08:17.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some great answers above and I think everyone is right. The more directions you come at this the better. Have you investigated some of the semantic profiling tools like Rever? (www.rever.eu). They have a case study of a similar problem of transformation but because their tools analyse the code as well as the schema they can show the metadata structures of the transformation logic for a logical view of the code for review before the expense of the physical testing recommended above. This in addition to a metadata view of source and target based on code and schema - as we all know many of the edge cases will only be visible in the code, not the schema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2066" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:15:19.990" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:15:19.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2635" CreationDate="2012-02-15T12:59:06.740" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't include such bugs in a cover letter - to me that is the wrong medium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, I would have a list with me during the interview. And I would look for an opportunity to casually mentioned that you looked through the employer's web applications and noticed a few things, and would the interviewer like to discuss them...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have already mentioned, tread lightly here. You don't want to come off as accusing the interviewer of having done poor testing. Also, if you are just noticing flaws in a corporate website, often Marketing owns that website and it isn't ever tested by anyone QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that a few companies might respond well to your proposed approach.&#xA;One appears to be Fog Creek.  At least at one point in time, they seemed to want to attract the kind of no-experience tester that likes to point out flaws in their corporate website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/testers-and-developers-at-fog-creek.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/testers-and-developers-at-fog-creek.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-02-16T14:22:54.053" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T14:22:54.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2642" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2644" CreationDate="2012-02-15T13:27:51.423" Score="2" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Testng with RC. Would want to know a common/practical/generally used way to determine which tests to be run &amp;amp; not run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take to scenario - In one test suite I have 3 modules - A, B &amp;amp; C. In each of the modules, there are 5 - 6 tests. The tests have been created &amp;amp; run fine. But as my tests would increase I may want to skip a few of tests in either of the module. I want to only run A3, A5, B1, B2, C3,C4 &amp;amp; C5. How would I implement these settings? Ways that I could think of - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Should these settings(tests to be run) be done from excel file. Say the sheet has a list of all the test case(title only) &amp;amp; only ones that are flagged &quot;yes&quot; should be executed. &#xA;2.Should these settings be configured from the testng.xml itself? If yes then how? I am aware that I can create groups &amp;amp; do that. But is that how is done?&#xA;The overall idea is not to touch the tests or play with the annotations to miss the tests. If 1 is the answer then how would the excel file communicate with the Testng to tell it what test to be run &amp;amp; which one are not to be run? Or if there is another way(surely there would be) to acheive this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide some inputs on the issue, let me know if something is not clear. &#xA;Have posted the same question on stackoverflow as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards Tahir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1351" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T16:58:54.150" Title="Wanted to know common practice for determining which tests to be executed &amp; which to be skipped in TestNG/RC?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2642" CreationDate="2012-02-15T14:20:51.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically you are going to want all of your tests to run upon checkin to ensure that no changes have been made which will cause a regression or integration error.  Typically it is considered a best practice to run these on a build machine rather than the developers machine, so that they are able to get back to productive work.  The developer should know which tests to run based upon the changes that they made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the build is run, unit tests should run, then integration tests, and finally acceptance tests.  If any of these tests fail, then the developer(s) who made the last checkin(s) should immediately begin on working to fix the build.  I added the plural case to those developer and checkin because there might be many fixes checked in since the last automated tests ran to completion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really had to do what you proposed, I would suggest creating a custom runner in your testing framework, which would have the logic in it to determine which tests to run; however I see that quickly getting cumbersome for the developers to change, and most importantly keep up to date -- I see lots of merge conflicts with the configuration file as well, since developers will actively be working on many different aspects of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, I'd follow the best practice of having the developers run the tests they think most pertain to the areas they are working on, then running all tests on an external system upon checkin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T14:20:51.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2642" CreationDate="2012-02-15T14:47:32.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Tahir.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My answer comes from some past experience with JUnit; although it is similar, I do not have direct experience with TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree it is preferable to specify which tests you want to run without having to change any source code. You mentioned starting with an Excel file containing the test titles.  I do not know what you mean by &quot;title&quot;, but I would start with a CSV file containing the names of the tests, either at the class level or the method level, depending on how granular you need to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A disadvantage of this approach is that adding a test may require changing things in two places, which opens an opportunity for maintenance errors, as Scott mentioned in his answer.  Using a CSV file -- rather than an Excel file or an XML file -- may help with the maintenance burden.  Depending on how your code is organized, it may also be possible to write a program that scans all your test source code and automatically adds names of new tests to the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a lot of tests, then as you recognize your usage patterns, you will want a grouping mechanism in your CSV file.  You would need to decide on a policy for how newly-added tests should be grouped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see TestNG provides a way to list the tests you want to run in an XML file.  If you do not want to write a custom test runner, you may be able to write something to convert your CSV file into the corresponding XML file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I think there are two distinct use cases: defining multiple (and possibly overlapping) suites of tests that should run on a regular bases, and specifying an arbitrary, ad-hoc set of tests.  What I described above is suited for the first use cases.  For the second use case, I may also want a way to specify the tests you want to run from the command line.    I wrote a custom test runner for JUnit that let me specify test classes (or individual test methods) from the command line.  I used that option frequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T14:47:32.027" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2642" CreationDate="2012-02-15T16:58:54.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look at the groups documentation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#methods&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#methods&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically exclusion groups&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5.3 - Exclusion groups&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TestNG allows you to include groups as well as exclude them. For&#xA;  example, it is quite usual to have tests that temporarily break&#xA;  because of a recent change, and you don't have time to fix the&#xA;  breakage yet.  4 However, you do want to have clean runs of your&#xA;  functional tests, so you need to deactivate these tests but keep in&#xA;  mind they will need to be reactivated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A simple way to solve this problem is to create a group called&#xA;  &quot;broken&quot; and make these test methods belong to it.  For example, in&#xA;  the above example, I know that testMethod2() is now broken so I want&#xA;  to disable it: @Test(groups = {&quot;checkintest&quot;, &quot;broken&quot;} ) public void&#xA;  testMethod2() { } All I need to do now is to exclude this group from&#xA;  the run: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Simple example&quot;&amp;gt;   &#xA;   &amp;lt;groups&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;run&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;include name=&quot;checkintest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;exclude name=&quot;broken&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/run&amp;gt;   &#xA;   &amp;lt;/groups&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;class name=&quot;example1.Test1&quot;/&amp;gt;   &#xA;   &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This way, I will get a clean test run while keeping track of what&#xA;  tests are broken and need to be fixed later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Note:  you can also disable tests on an individual basis by using the &quot;enabled&quot; property available on both @Test and @Before/After&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;annotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'de suggest reading the rest as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T16:58:54.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2637" CreationDate="2012-02-15T18:07:02.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there is an element above the button that is uniquely identifiable you could search only in that scope, assuming that the button is the only button in that scope.  You could also try to partially match the button id (not sure if the entire thing changes, or just part of it) or match the button's class if it does not change.  If there is no way to identify a unique parent or ancestor (I wouldn't know since you didn't provide the entire html), you could first find the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;LoginButton&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and then go back up from there 3 levels and then find the button under that.  That XPath would look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id=&quot;LoginButton&quot;]/../../../button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T09:21:08.317" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T09:21:08.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2637" CreationDate="2012-02-15T19:40:18.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you always have 2 of them (like &lt;code&gt;ext-gen11&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ext-gen12&lt;/code&gt; in your sample), this will work too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//button[text()=&quot;Login&quot;][1]&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;ext-gen11&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;//button[text()=&quot;Login&quot;][2]&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;ext-gen12&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But depending on other (more reliable) elements, might be a better idea.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As suggested earlier:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id=&quot;LoginButton&quot;]/../../../button[text()=&quot;Login&quot;]&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;ext-gen11&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id=&quot;LoginButton&quot;]//button[text()=&quot;Login&quot;]&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;ext-gen12&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-02-15T19:40:18.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2648" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2655" CreationDate="2012-02-15T21:38:02.480" Score="19" ViewCount="1093" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lately I've been asked to write some automated GUI tests of the following style: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open ALL dialog boxes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In each dialog check for ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are these types of tests worthwhile? What are some benefits of these tests? In some cases they can be very simple to write, but in others they require extensive knowledge of many unrelated parts of an application. As well, they can take a long time to finish, finding issues or not. Sometimes I feel these tests just aren't worth it, but I could be wrong. Any thoughts? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T21:36:18.970" Title="Are Exhaustive &quot;Brute Force&quot; UI Tests Worth It?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;planning&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;efficiency&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2648" CreationDate="2012-02-15T22:21:17.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answering your question requires knowing why you were asked to write those tests.  Unlike &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/346/joshin4colours&quot;&gt;solving applied math problems&lt;/a&gt;, we usually do not write automated UI tests for the sheer pleasure or the intellectual challenge.  I assume you were asked to write them, in that style, for a reason.  If there is a reason to believe the UI is particularly buggy and that it is easier to test the UI automatically than manually, it may make sense to write them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes testers resort to automatic UI testing for the wrong reasons.  The reasoning usually goes something like this: the UI is ultimately the interface the user will interact with, bugs in the business logic will not necessarily be triggered by how the UI uses it, and when you test the UI, you test the business logic at the same time.  However, a well-architected application will separate the UI from the business logic.  It is usually better to use API-level tests for the business logic; the tests will be faster and better able to take advantage of API-level diagnostics that are not available in the UI.  They will also be insulated from UI changes (although of course they will not be insulated from API changes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have been in SQA for a while, so I suspect you already know this, but I will mention it for completeness.  A line of reasoning promoted by some tool vendors and UI automation evangelists goes like this: automation is hard because it requires programming, but these days there are great capture/playback tools that enable creating automated UI test suites quickly with a minimum of programming knowledge.  You did not say what kind of technology you would use to write those tests, but if you are considering using capture/playback, you may want to read &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=capture%20playback&quot;&gt;some  other questions on that subject&lt;/a&gt; in this forum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T20:31:11.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2168" CreationDate="2012-02-16T01:24:15.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about running the evaluation version in a virtual environment? Then you wont need dedicated hardware. I've found this works well for developing and testing QC integrations.&#xA;You could use an open source virtualisation solution such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VirtualBox&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2073" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T01:24:15.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-02-16T01:31:45.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good alternative low cost commercial solution is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.inflectra.com/SpiraTest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpiraTest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A well established open source solution is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teamst.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLink&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2073" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T01:31:45.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-02-16T05:44:08.553" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another alternative could be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XStudio&lt;/a&gt;.  It is a free tool and comes with desktop (standalone) version and online version.  We are using this tool in our organization for smaller projects (teams of 3-4 people) and it is satisfying our requirements.  Few of the features that I liked most and are comparative to HP:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can be integrated with third party defects management tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases authoring and their execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Cycles management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reports can be customized using XSLT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supporting test automation using different technologies (Batch files, Selenium, Renorex etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastEditorUserId="1611" LastEditDate="2012-05-10T14:36:56.807" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T14:36:56.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2599" CreationDate="2012-02-16T10:40:11.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any tests that involve some subsystem that isn't part of your code base are considered integration tests.  So this includes things like databases, the file system, web services and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you should go back to your business requirements, and identify those requirements which use one of these &quot;external&quot; subsystems as part of their implementation.  So, to start with, any requirement that involves storing and recalling information, where you've chosen a database or file system based implementation is a candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then proceed as you would for a unit test.  That is, work out if the requirement has different cases depending on different inputs or different system states.  Then set up tests that exercise whichever components contribute to the fulfilment of each case, both within your code base and outside of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to include negative cases.  Whereas you've probably already tested these at the unit test level, you probably want to make sure that a failure case or a &quot;no data&quot; case within one leve&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2008" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T10:40:11.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2637" CreationDate="2012-02-16T11:39:07.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to use more than one identification value. This should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or record the script using IDE and see what it picks up. Use the value IDE picks up. This also works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But be careful. If you are running your script in IE and the IDE has picked up the CSS path, then you may get some problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T09:22:23.307" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T09:22:23.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2648" CreationDate="2012-02-16T12:53:39.817" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer the question &quot;are they worthwhile?&quot;, you need to explore:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How expensive (in terms of time and money) are they to create, maintain, and execute?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What value are these tests providing? Are they finding bugs? Providing confidence?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there other, less expensive, ways to provide similar value?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once worked at a software company which built desktop tools used by large-enterprise DBAs. We had an intern whose responsibility it was to thoroughly examine the UI and measure it against our standards for UI object size, placement, spacing, font selection, etc. He basically performed all of the steps you indicated, and more. We were eventually able to automate some of that (it was in the early days of test automation), but not all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some shops it would have not been a worthwhile exercise. In ours, it was considered money well spent. For my company, complete UI consistency was considered an important attribute for our intended market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T12:53:39.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2635" CreationDate="2012-02-16T14:03:53.180" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an Employer, I would be looking for a Tester who sees themselves as more than a bug hunter. There may be employers who are looking are for bug hunters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you see yourself as just a &quot;bug hunter&quot; &amp;amp; the bugs you find are your trophies, then yes, there might be some mileage in providing evidence of the bugs you found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This said, I wouldn't mention the actual bug, or the software it was found in - more I would indicate what the implications of the bugs found were, such as impact if they hadn't been found &amp;amp; how I delt with the bugs to resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO, I don't see bugs as trophies, or something to brag about - to me they're just part of testing, of which there are far more interesting stories to tell &amp;amp; provide more insight to an employer about you as a Tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're after &quot;a sample of applicant's skills&quot;, try something like this guy (I love this approach btw):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.daveliebreich.com/blog/?p=284&quot;&gt;http://www.daveliebreich.com/blog/?p=284&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T14:03:53.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-02-16T15:15:55.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's some really good advice on this thread.  The only thing I can add is possibly a little off-topic but still pertinent: make sure you are fresh when the production environment gets migrated.  I worked on a project a while ago that switched over at four in the morning, and the testers had all worked a 9-5 day then turned up onsite for the migration at midnight.  When we came to do our sanity tests, our concentration was completely shot and we ended up missing some nasty issues!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2076" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T15:15:55.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2658" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-16T17:18:02.423" Score="1" ViewCount="1054" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can QTP be used to test reports generated on Crystal Reports Server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2077" LastActivityDate="2012-02-17T11:38:46.593" Title="Is it possible to test crystal reports using QTP?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2658" CreationDate="2012-02-16T21:13:14.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not to my knowledge. You could potentially create an extensibility plugin for it though, to provide the functionality that you would need. See the QTP help for more info on extensibility plugins to see if that sounds feasible or not. It requires quite a bit of extra effort. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-02-16T21:13:14.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-02-17T08:37:55.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I gained a lot of information from the question as well from all the answers.&#xA;In the question, under the heading &quot;Where the things may go wrong?&quot; or &quot;What may go wrong&quot;, I feel apart from a functional perspective, impact on the performance of the system should also be considered as you mentioned that the migration involves changes in the complex data model as well file system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:14:59.003" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:14:59.003" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2658" CreationDate="2012-02-17T11:38:46.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;no it cant automate crystal reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2012-02-17T11:38:46.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-02-17T13:26:47.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to concur with the earlier poster about SmartBear's QAComplete/ALM Software.  I implemented this just over a year ago and have been quite satisfied with the usage for my QA team's needs.  I set up the SASS environment  I had worked with HP QC as the administrator and manager of a QA team for over 6 years and their QTP automation tool and was amazed with how easy it was to step into the QACompete tool and not need much training.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The  easy connection that QAComplete has to TFS for defect tracking was one bonus we really needed at this company to improve our processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Overall price along with the functionality it added to the quality team was an easy sell to upper management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2078" LastActivityDate="2012-02-17T13:26:47.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2012-02-17T22:46:02.683" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with testerab that Cem Kaner, in his PDF, has outlined a good approach to hiring. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paul Carvalho also has a good PDF called &lt;a href=&quot;http://staqs.com/pubs/Hiring_Testers_PC2007.pdf&quot;&gt;Hiring Software Testers in an Information Age&lt;/a&gt; that he published in 2007. Besides conducting the interview, you as the interviewer should look for common attributes, be able to skim through resumes, identify the school of testing they belong to, identify revelant work experience, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found Paul's PDF after reading his article &lt;a href=&quot;http://swtester.blogspot.com/2011/08/hobbies-and-interests.html&quot;&gt;Hobbies and Interests&lt;/a&gt;. The article has a lot of good information on hiring testers which Interviewees can look at to get an idea of what someone might look for. In the comments he lists a few examples of the types of problems / sample applications he gives to testers. Its worth a read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cem Kaner posted in Dr. Dobbs on &lt;a href=&quot;http://drdobbs.com/architecture-and-design/184414561&quot;&gt;Recruiting Software Testers&lt;/a&gt; back in 2000 that's worth a view as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;used&lt;/strong&gt; to think quizzing testers on their vocabulary (i.e. what does verify mean?) was a good idea but I learned quickly it didn't matter. We all have different ideas on what things mean and the value they carry - as long as you can articulate your reasoning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2012-04-25T18:30:36.723" LastActivityDate="2012-04-25T18:30:36.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2209" CreationDate="2012-02-20T06:58:47.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, we faced similar problem of automating user id creations on different applications using different technologies (Swing application, web based, Mainframe etc.).  Even few steps in a scenario were difficult to automate (e.g. Flash Controls) using the same tool.  To solve the same, we developed a framework, where each scenario in the application were automated using different libraries (we used WebDriver for web app, robots for keys and mouse simulation for Mainframe, AutoIT lib for click at X,Y location, image comparison lib for few steps). Automation were driven using different batch files and later different batch files were combined together in one batch file, responsible for one scenario automation.  For few cases, where output from previous steps were required as input to subsequent steps, data was cached in DB / CSV file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In above case, automation was not related to testing but it was required to automate operational tasks which were being done manually before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastEditorUserId="2074" LastEditDate="2012-02-20T07:06:14.420" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T07:06:14.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2012-02-20T14:34:10.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fast Feedback Loops Are Good&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The faster the feedback loop the quicker you can act upon errors.  Assuming this is a nightly run 24 hours is a long feedback loop, especially if you are working in an agile environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would aim to get your entire test run running in 15-30 mins on a CI server that automatically runs the tests when code is checked in.  This gives the devs fast feedback so that they can pick up (and fix) errors quickly, or they could even run the tests on their own machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How would you do this?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run individual tests in parallel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write reusable code segments that you can use across a series of tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove pointless tests that have no value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the tests on a more powerful machine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What's In It For Me?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Reusable code segments will speed up future automation.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write one fast and efficient function for checking drop down lists&#xA;   where you supply it data you are looking for.  Reuse this for every&#xA;   test and you have removed lots of slow and inefficient code as well&#xA;   as reducing the amount of effort it will take to do drop down list&#xA;   tests in future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easier to refactor a code segment that is used in multiple tests so even if it's not the most efficient piece of code in the world right now, you can always come back to it in the future and improving its efficiently will give you a speed boost in every test that you have written that utilises this function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. I Get More Testing Time If The Developers Know Thier Code Is Broken Early&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have made all the efficiency savings you can, stripping out the chaff and running your tests in parallel is the next step.  Creating two test slices will half your run time (assuming you do it intelligently and place the tests based on their run time).  Every extra slice you add will reduce test time and help you get down to that magic 15-30 mins run time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now get a CI server up and running and you can tell the developers that something is wrong within 30 mins of them checking in their code, they will still have that story fresh in their minds and should be able to quickly switch back to the code and fix the problems for you.  If you have a 24 hour feedback loop the developers will probably have moved on to something else and forgotten what they were doing yesterday, it will take longer for them you work out where they were and longer for them to perform a fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester you are at the end of the development cycle and if a deadline is fast approaching it is your time that is squeezed so that the project can hit the deadline.  Speeding up tests as suggested above will give you more time to test.  Assuming the devs fix each problem within 15 mins your CI server running every 15 mins could catch 14 different errors over the period of one day that would have taken it two weeks to catch if you were running the tests nightly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;That's potentially 13 days of test time saved, do you need a better reason than this?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T14:34:10.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2012-02-20T17:03:09.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer @corsiKa - Any ideas for reducing test time for GUI tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One point that I have experienced is for the GUI test, many times a tester add delay / think / wait time between every action, so that objects become available before the click / action.  Usually automation tools provide the function / api as waitUntilVisible(object).  If the function is used instead of random wait time (which is used mostly to complete the automation quickly &amp;amp; easily), the run time for the automation reduces significantly as number of steps increases significantly over the period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a simple tip but I have seen many times, it gets ignored due to meeting deadline pressure, inefficient programming etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T17:03:09.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2635" CreationDate="2012-02-20T17:55:40.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me it shows initiative and drive, and it shows that the candidate cares enough about our product to actually download it and try it out.  I don't think that I would be suspicious of how he or she had access to my product, unless my product was not commercially available for some reason.  It's really important that a candidate is passionate about their work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2089" LastActivityDate="2012-02-20T17:55:40.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2672" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2673" CreationDate="2012-02-21T07:51:24.013" Score="0" ViewCount="1158" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are doing some upload testing to the server, specifically taking in .msi package installer files. None of my googling has shown me a definitive answer, but I need to test the max file size that can be uploaded, which seems to be restricted by the max .msi file size. Anyone know?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1090" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T20:50:11.580" LastActivityDate="2021-04-05T03:39:45.023" Title="What is the maximum size that a .msi windows installer file can be?" Tags="&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-05-28T20:47:00.587" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2672" CreationDate="2012-02-21T10:52:50.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20151030124006/http://blogs.msdn.com/b/windows_installer_team/archive/2005/09/18/461810.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windows Installer blog&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multi-part CABs can get the total size of a set of files past 2GB, possibly to 64K * 2GB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;64K * 2GB is 128TB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expect the maximum file size you can upload will be dictated by something else - e.g. the amount of storage on the server or some kind of upload quota.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2021-04-05T03:39:45.023" LastActivityDate="2021-04-05T03:39:45.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1738" CreationDate="2012-02-22T10:02:25.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked with both OracleExtendedSelenium and QTP Oracle Plugin for ADF based application. The basic pros and cons would be same as in general. &#xA;For ADF Faces specific purpose I could not find any reason why a QTP shop would choose Selenium or vice versa. I would go with the tool which my QA is experienced in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2094" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T10:02:25.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2675" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-22T10:40:11.173" Score="2" ViewCount="2250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tested a scenario where I have to enter user credentials and click on login button using Selenium2 (version selenium2.19-standalone.jar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;emailIdLogin&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test123@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;passwordLogin&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test1234&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;submitLogin&quot;)).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On click is performed on submit button but page is not loaded to new page. Whereas when I use &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;submitLogin&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER)&lt;/code&gt; page is loaded to the next page. Please explain why click command is not loading the new page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Firefox 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-06T19:59:39.853" LastActivityDate="2012-11-06T19:59:39.853" Title="Click() command in Webdriver API not working" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2677" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2706" CreationDate="2012-02-22T13:59:58.713" Score="5" ViewCount="4993" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am an engineer with 1.5 years of experience in Test Automation  in Perl. I am getting chance to work in TCL. I am little worried about my career growth. I don't know whether TCL also has the same growth perspective as Perl or which language has a better market value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2097" LastActivityDate="2012-03-20T11:50:01.143" Title="Which language gives better career options: TCL or PERL?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;languages&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2682" CreationDate="2012-02-22T14:13:33.317" Score="1" ViewCount="301" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given I have the following class (See &lt;a href=&quot;http://hwellmann.blogspot.com/2009/12/running-parameterized-junit-tests-in.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Parallelized Runner&lt;/a&gt; for more information on parallel runs):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(Parallelized.class)&#xA;public class TopicTest {&#xA;&#xA;    String topic;&#xA;&#xA;    public TopicTest(String topic) {&#xA;        this.topic = topic;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void testTopicPage() {&#xA;       WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;       driver.get(&quot;http://www.mysite.com/topics/&quot; + topic + &quot;/&quot;);&#xA;       TopicPage topicPage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, TopicPage.class);&#xA;       Assert.assertTrue(&quot;No items were located on this topic page &amp;lt;&quot; + topic + &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;, topicPage.elementsFound());&#xA;       driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Parameters&#xA;    public static Collection&amp;lt;Object []&amp;gt; topics() {&#xA;        List&amp;lt;Object []&amp;gt; parameters = new ArrayList&amp;lt;Object []&amp;gt;();&#xA;        for(String s : new String [] { &quot;topic1&quot;, &quot;topic2&quot;, &quot;invalidTopic&quot; }) {&#xA;            parameters.add(new Object [] { s });&#xA;        }&#xA;        return parameters;&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;     public static class TopicPage {&#xA;         @FindBy(className = &quot;result-set-a&quot;)&#xA;         private List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; items;&#xA;&#xA;         public boolean elementsFound() {&#xA;             return items != null &amp;amp;&amp;amp; items.size() &amp;gt; 0;&#xA;         }&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyway that I can get more information out of my test run other than pass / fail status?  I can get the following information on my failed runs due to the assertion error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: No recipes were located on this topic page &amp;lt;invalidTopic&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way that I could get more information out from our passing tests for reporting purposes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastActivityDate="2012-02-23T05:07:38.987" Title="JUnit Status Messages" Tags="&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2677" CreationDate="2012-02-22T14:58:54.630" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Test Automation purposes, it's always been my belief that once you know 2 scripting languages, you are in very good shape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being comfortable with 2 languages means you know how to automate, and that you know how to learn a new scripting language.  As a hiring manager, I will be able to assume that you could easily pick up another new language as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So don't worry about the career growth associated with any one particular language.  In future years neither Perl nor TCL will likely be the high-demand choice anyway - it may well be something that hasn't yet been invented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T14:58:54.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2677" CreationDate="2012-02-22T15:00:07.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Nitesh.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my market, &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; you tested and &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; you tested it would be at least as relevant as what programming language you used.  I think having a variety of experiences will be more useful to you than specializing in one thing.  However, your market might be different.  For example, if you work in short-term contracting projects, expertise in a specific language may be more important because the employer may not want to pay your salary while you get up to speed on a new language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, 1.5 years is not a lot of experience.  You have time to experiment and make mistakes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-22T16:05:29.833" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T16:05:29.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2677" CreationDate="2012-02-22T17:00:17.847" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The programming language you pursue should be predicated on &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The technology space you are most interested in (web, platform, mobile, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The market trends in your area (e.g. what language skills are employers most looking for)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; On a side note, I don't know why some people get so focused on a particular &quot;programming langauge.&quot; Instead, I recommend learning good programming concepts, data structures, design patterns, etc. Once you understand these concepts moving between languages is relatively easy. During interviews you may be asked a coding question and the answer doesn't necessarily depend on which language you use as much as how you choose to solve the problem (even with pseudo code). If you are a good problems solver, employers will usually give latitude in coming up to speed with a new language. Of course, some employers are simply looking for people to put together basic script-lets that attempt to emulate user events and these employers will likely put more emphasis on a particular language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-02-22T17:00:17.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2678" CreationDate="2012-02-23T02:05:00.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand the question, the issue is not so much about parallelized tests as it is about the JUnit runner's policy of reporting failures individually but only reporting successes in aggregate.  If you want successes to be reported individually, I suggest you register a custom &lt;a href=&quot;http://kentbeck.github.com/junit/javadoc/latest/org/junit/runner/notification/RunListener.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RunListener&lt;/a&gt;.  The RunListener will be invoked each time an event occurs during the test, e.g. when a test starts, when it finishes, and when it fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another avenue to investigate would be the &lt;a href=&quot;http://kentbeck.github.com/junit/javadoc/latest/org/junit/rules/TestWatcher.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestWatcher&lt;/a&gt; class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-23T05:07:38.987" LastActivityDate="2012-02-23T05:07:38.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2684" CreationDate="2012-02-23T11:35:07.910" Score="1" ViewCount="2546" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is code for tab - account.This is third tab. I have to go on tab but I am not able to identify &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;td class=&quot;buttons&quot; nowrap=&quot;nowrap&quot; title=&quot;Shows data of bank account&quot;&#xA; onclick=&quot;document.forms[0].debbuttonpressed.value='CONTO';EmptyHiddenButtonValues('CONTO');;&#xA;document.forms[0].submit();&quot; style=&quot;background-image:url(/images/reiter_unchecked_middle.gif);&#xA;background-repeat:repeat-x;cursor:pointer;&quot; heigth=&quot;21&quot;&amp;gt;Account&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1998" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-07T22:42:17.790" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T17:00:49.077" Title="Not able to identify tab in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2683" CreationDate="2012-02-23T16:40:20.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since there are no other tabs with the name 'Account', the first xpath I would try would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td[text()='Account']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-23T16:40:20.880" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2012-02-23T17:55:17.430" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I initially answered this question by listing a bunch of books related to software testing including many of those mentioned above like &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lesson's Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; by James Bach, et. al and &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321369440&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Break Web Software&lt;/a&gt; by James Whittaker, et. al.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found some better references to software testing books, including those to start and continue reading throughout your career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software testing expert James Bach has a growing list of books on his Tester's Bookshelf that are worth looking at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.librarything.com/catalog/satisfice/testersbookshelf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.librarything.com/catalog/satisfice/testersbookshelf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Bolton has lists some of his books: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.librarything.com/catalog/MichaelBolton&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.librarything.com/catalog/MichaelBolton&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also highly recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; by Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0989811905&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BBST Domain Testing Workbook&lt;/a&gt; (and all the other BBST workbooks)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1937785025&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Explore It!&lt;/a&gt; by Elisabeth Hendrickson&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/testingindevops&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Practical Guide to Testing in DevOps&lt;/a&gt; by Katrina Clokie&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps give people plenty of ideas for books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T18:41:09.710" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T18:41:09.710" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-02-23T17:55:17.430" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2440" CreationDate="2012-02-23T21:33:27.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Phil K offers some good references, in fact I'm currently reading Intro to General Systems Thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently came across an article by Kenneth Boulding who is cited by Gerald Weinberg in the book (its worth a read) on his views of General Systems Thinking: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.panarchy.org/boulding/systems.1956.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.panarchy.org/boulding/systems.1956.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2012-03-07T18:09:27.593" LastActivityDate="2012-03-07T18:09:27.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2689" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-23T21:55:40.933" Score="2" ViewCount="1688" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple question. The answer from the Official Installation Guide: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://h20230.www2.hp.com/selfsolve/document/KM176290&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://h20230.www2.hp.com/selfsolve/document/KM176290&lt;/a&gt; and&#xA;  download a tool for uninstalling&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(nice). Going there (right now) and (okay, must authorize me once more) seeing kind of 404-Error or &quot;please contact your local dealer or support&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Motivation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now a few words about the reason &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; I want to uninstall, it may be helpful for others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At first I've downloaded the GERMAN localization of HPQC 11. Okay, was not much fun, but really good localizations are rare, no problem. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tried to switch Project Language to English - no such feature available. Still no problem. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uninstall everything (server-side), install EN-Version from scratch. My old-test project still there (did I wanted it?) - never mind, must be a feature. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Opening client software, client interface still in German - hm, my old project is still perfectly non-perfect German. Never mind, I am evaluating.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So just for fun, another computer on, client installing on it. The new project (hopefully in English) created. The new project is in the new PC real English (yahoo!), the old project is mixed, client interface in English, but some nuts (e.g. Defects Columns) are still German. Okay, no problem, if you knew it. So deleted the old project, back to my PC, started old German client with the new English project. Oops, not only mixture from German/English, but also errors at opening... No good... So I need to uninstall the client an install it from beginning. And back there are we.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long life the QA. And usability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-01T09:54:56.627" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T02:33:13.697" Title="How can I uninstall HPQC 11 Client?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2015-07-30T06:33:23.410" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2683" CreationDate="2012-02-24T02:05:26.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it too obvious to use the &quot;title&quot; attribute?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td[@title='Shows data of bank account']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a different note, you could also look at the parent element and identify it, then draw reference to the particular tab your after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. if the cell td is within a table row:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//tr[@foo=bar]/td[x]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where x is the child xth td element of the tab your after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1738" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T17:00:49.077" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T17:00:49.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2700" CreationDate="2012-02-24T02:49:44.817" Score="2" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a PHP error occurs in jQuery Mobile, jQuery Mobile issues a popup box that reads &quot;Page Error.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is great, but not conducive to debugging because I can't see what the error is. How can I see the PHP error in jQuery Mobile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2103" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T17:01:47.400" Title="How does one debug PHP in jQuery Mobile?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2692" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2694" CreationDate="2012-02-24T03:55:48.613" Score="3" ViewCount="1458" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project to move new feature test cases to build acceptance test suite. Later on I will also be selecting which test cases should be moved to regression suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I was selecting test cases I had the below factors in mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the test case robust enough?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it critical to ensure functionality of new feature?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Coverage - Having one test case covering multiple business rules rather than having 2 test cases cover a business rule each&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampling of positive use case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary value tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature interaction/Integration test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampling of negative use case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was told that build acceptance suite generally tests only happy paths not negative scenarios. Is that true? If I have missed any other crucial factor for selection please suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:31:57.537" LastActivityDate="2012-08-28T04:29:12.287" Title="What should be the critieria for the selection of new feature test cases to be moved into build acceptance test suite?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2693" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3554" CreationDate="2012-02-24T04:32:37.520" Score="4" ViewCount="6057" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my new project, we have 4 automation testers working together on four different modules of an application .&#xA;Its a web application and we work on windows platform.&#xA;The automation tool being used is QTP and we are following a hybrid framework using Object repository and DP as required.&#xA;I would like to know the best approach here to take.&#xA;As all four of us are working on different modules and  finally we  have to integrate them together into the test machine, where all our scripts will run together.&#xA;We are not planning to remove OR as scripts with OR is running much faster than those with DP in our application.&#xA;The problem we are facing is that , as each of us  have our on local OR , each time we  add new  code to test machine, we also put our respective OR after making it .tsr into the shared  repository and  associate them to the script.&#xA;This creates a lot of object redundancy in the shared repository .&#xA;What we are planning to do is make those shared repo as local in the  test machine and delete all those duplicate objects each time and  update the repo  from application.&#xA;Please suggest me the best approach to this  problem , so that we can maintain a robust test frame work for our application , which will also be  easy to handle and  maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T16:39:12.590" Title="Maintaining QTP object repository -best practice for a multideveloper environment" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2692" CreationDate="2012-02-24T04:45:41.037" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you answer this by asking, &quot;Why do I need a build acceptance test suite?&quot; There is no universal answer, but if your organization has a suite, someone should be able to answer the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in a previous job, the developers on my team frequently made changes that rendered the build unusable: it would not install, or it would crash as soon as you tried to log in, or it was broken in some other fundamental way.  The problem was so serious that developers were afraid to refresh their source trees.  We addressed the problem by doing daily smoke tests in which someone on the team (we took turns) &lt;em&gt;installed a build and ran through some essential tests that covered common tasks that had to work in order for the developers to be productive&lt;/em&gt;.  The tests &lt;em&gt;varied over time as the project progressed&lt;/em&gt;.  If a build made it through the process with a serious problem, we considered adding tests for it in the next smoke test.  And if we went a long time without a particular test failing, we considered using the test less often.  Because we knew &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; we ran the smoke test, we could measure its effectiveness and adjust it accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=Smoke+test&quot;&gt;several other questions about smoke tests&lt;/a&gt; on SQA. You may want to check them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T05:17:36.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2692" CreationDate="2012-02-24T07:24:44.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the requirement is to move new feature test cases to build acceptance suite, I think it is  important to note, what benefits the build acceptance tests provide usually:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Fast feedback to developers, if there are issues in the checked-in code&#xA;2) Tester gets a working build to start with their activities&#xA;3) Application should be usable every time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for feedback to be faster, following are few points that need to be considered before test cases being moved to build acceptance suite -&#xA;(a)  The test cases must be / can be automated 100%, so that later no manual intervention is required.&#xA;(b)  The test cases can be executed in less time (its relative term but then fast feedback is also the same)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testers to get a working build:&#xA;(a) The build should be install-able correctly, so installation related test cases&#xA;(b) Basic functionality (e.g. login, export etc.) of new features should be working, so that testers can verify additional test cases (boundary / negative)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For application to be usable every time:&#xA;(a) Test cases covering business critical scenarios should be part of the build acceptance suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as per the above analysis, I don't consider that negative test cases or even boundary test cases should be part of build acceptance tests.  I would be eager to find more inputs though on these lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T07:24:44.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2696" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-24T10:10:04.003" Score="18" ViewCount="167641" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my web page I'm having following two buttons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button onclick=&quot;addToSelected('newApplicationForm');&quot;&amp;gt;Add Strategy&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;button onclick=&quot;submitAddNewApplication('newApplicationForm');&quot;&amp;gt;Submit&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I identify them using methods of the &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt; class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2104" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:52:10.183" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T10:39:31.427" Title="Selenium: How to identify the button WebElement" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2696" CreationDate="2012-02-24T10:42:57.637" Score="33" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(.,'Add Strategy')]&quot;)&#xA;By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(.,'Submit')]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that it is same as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(text(),'Add Strategy')]&quot;)&#xA;By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(text(),'Submit')]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="2908" LastEditDate="2014-02-24T08:06:44.157" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T08:06:44.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2693" CreationDate="2012-02-24T10:49:18.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not QTP expert but one QTP expert told me once that it is best to not use Object Repo as -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It makes project heavy when it begins to grow in size.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can not version control object repo   &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can easily port script from one machine to other if you use&#xA;Descriptive Programming than Object Repo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T10:49:18.137" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2691" CreationDate="2012-02-24T17:01:47.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Check the log&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, all php errors are logged. The location of the log depends on your operating system. For example, on Ubuntu and Mac OS the log is located at &lt;code&gt;/var/log/php/errors.log&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;So, in a terminal just &lt;code&gt;tail /var/log/php/errors.log&lt;/code&gt; to see the latest errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find out where your log is and change the location of the log by searching your php.ini file for &lt;code&gt;error_log&lt;/code&gt; option. Here is a tutorial on how to do this on unix-like systems: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/php-howto-turn-on-error-log-file.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/php-howto-turn-on-error-log-file.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2105" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T17:01:47.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2701" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2806" CreationDate="2012-02-24T22:47:24.457" Score="5" ViewCount="36976" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I open a new browser window in Selenium WebDriver?  I'm using C# client drivers, but if you know with any language, I should be able to find the correct class/method in C#.  On Stack Overflow, I read it's not possible to open a new tab, so I won't ask that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, this will navigate to a new URL in the same window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void DoNavigate(IWebDriver driver, string url)&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(url);  &#xA;    driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(Constants.WAIT_TIME));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T22:27:26.073" Title="WebDriver: navigate to new browser window" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2701" CreationDate="2012-02-24T23:11:14.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to create a new instance of the driver object.  This will open a new window and you can switch between windows by using the different driver objects. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt; IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DoNavigate(driver, &quot;http://google.com&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T23:11:14.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2701" CreationDate="2012-02-24T23:17:44.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an example in Clojure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(import [org.openqa.selenium.firefox FirefoxDriver])&#xA;&#xA;(let [driver1 (FirefoxDriver.) &#xA;      driver2 (FirefoxDriver.)]&#xA;  (.get driver1 &quot;http://www.google.com&quot;)&#xA;  (.get driver2 &quot;http://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/2701/246&quot;)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-24T23:17:44.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5130" CreationDate="2012-02-25T04:57:46.123" Score="1" ViewCount="864" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to make a script that plays all videos of YouTube channel and perform player settings and return status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Execution of the following command does not create any error on java stacktrace but, neither has effect on YouTube player. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;player.nextVideo()&lt;/code&gt; (command does not move to next video),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;player.previousVideo()&lt;/code&gt; (command does not move to previous video), and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;player.setShuffle(true)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a complete script. My code use FlexWebDriver class, described for instance &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blackpepper.co.uk/posts/driving-a-flex-application-via-selenium-2-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Youtube {&#xA;&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    FlexWebDriver flashApp = new FlexWebDriver(driver, &quot;movie_player&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZUTMprV9dI&amp;amp;list=UUQc_OGfP0IsgOWT0vosmQjg&amp;amp;feature=plpp_play_all&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000L);&#xA;&#xA;    flashApp.call(&quot;nextVideo&quot;);&#xA;    flashApp.call(&quot;previousVideo&quot;);&#xA;    flashApp.call(&quot;setShuffle&quot;,&quot;true&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T21:59:28.843" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T10:46:41.560" Title="FlexWebDriver does not work with YouTube under FireFox?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2677" CreationDate="2012-02-27T17:52:18.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My advice to someone beginning to do test automation is to look at the organization or company you are working with and if you see that they are using language X or tool Y, then you need to at least learn enough about X and Y to make a contribution.  There are so many languages and tools out there that it cannot hurt to learn any of them.  In the case of TCL versus Perl, I would recommend you focus on what you're doing (or trying to do) and then ask yourself how much &quot;local expertise&quot; is there - if everyone knows Perl, go with it.  If they all know TCL, go with that... but as another answer stated, it's more important to exercise the product and automate your test processes to find more bugs sooner, etc.  If you're still using Perl and TCL but the rest of the organization is using python or ruby or Test Complete or WinRunner or whatever... you might want to move in that direction.  Of course, it depends on the organization too, as it may be that they really need Perl developers but everyone only knows Java, etc. in which case it could be beneficial to be the guy that knows Perl real well.  But between TCL and Perl, I'd have to recommend Perl, since it's bound to be in use in more potential future job situations, and you can learn object-oriented concepts and a lot of other marketable skills.  Then, of course, the ultimate answer is &quot;What is my employer paying me to do?&quot;  If they are paying you to learn X, learn X, and don't complain.  There's a lot of folks out there who would love the chance to get paid to learn something marketable.  So, go with Perl, if your boss says to master Perl.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2089" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T17:52:18.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2012-02-27T19:05:19.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sign up for an account with utest. It's a great way to get started testing in the real world. There's no job interview, and you're paid entirely on the basis of results. You can set your hours and participate how much/little you want. You'll end up with real-world experience in testing, and you can keep your day job at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Ok, I guess that all sounds like a marketing pitch!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastActivityDate="2012-02-27T19:05:19.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2708" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2712" CreationDate="2012-02-27T22:48:12.317" Score="1" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;By default, the HTML report generated by &lt;a href=&quot;http://findbugs.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FindBugs&lt;/a&gt; specifies the name of the Java class and  line number(s) of each issue it reports.  Is there a way to tell FindBugs to hyperlink the report to the corresponding source code?  So far a search of &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/search?page=3&amp;amp;tab=relevance&amp;amp;q=findbugs%20hyperlink%20java%20source%20report%20output&quot;&gt;StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt; and Google has not turned up any solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I am looking for an HTML solution as opposed to something that plugs into an IDE such as Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T14:54:32.897" Title="Hyperlinking FindBugs report to source code" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2735" CreationDate="2012-02-27T22:51:53.767" Score="4" ViewCount="252" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sig.eu/nl/Research/Rapporten/677/__Dependence_on_Internet_Protocol_Version_4_in_application_software_source_code___.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Research&lt;/a&gt; from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sig.eu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Improvement Group&lt;/a&gt; has shown that 1 in every 12 applications behaves incorrectly when confronted with a dual-stack IPv4+IPv6 environment. How does Quality Assurance usually deal with this to make sure that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;applications are compatible with both IPv4 and IPv6?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;applications correctly handle dual-stack environments?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2112" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T22:41:14.177" Title="IPv4/IPv6 dependency testing" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2012-02-28T06:13:48.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The common sense of a tester. Check if s/he is sensitive to the product testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The knowledge of test methodologies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk about the chanllenges that s/he met in the past&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a real system for example, or a pen, a cup, a selling vendor machine to ask s/he to think about the test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1820" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T06:13:48.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2708" CreationDate="2012-02-28T14:34:07.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/FindBugs+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FindBugs&lt;/a&gt; plugin, &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; will serve up a nicely formatted report with hyperlinks to source code.  I do not know whether you can request a standalone copy of that report from Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T14:34:07.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1421" CreationDate="2012-02-28T17:02:07.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried using an XPath locator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try one of these in the &lt;strong&gt;Target&lt;/strong&gt; section of a clickAndWait command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@class=&quot;standard-text&quot;]&#xA;&#xA;//a[contains(@href,&quot;javascript&quot;)]&#xA;&#xA;//a[@id=&quot;EditTestResult_EditOverallTestResults_BucketMove_LBuSelect&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also prefix each with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath=&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath=//a[@class=&quot;standard-text&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-remote-control/0.9.2/doc/dotnet/Selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for more information about the different locators available in Selenium (id, name, dom, xpath, link, css).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastActivityDate="2012-02-28T17:02:07.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2709" CreationDate="2012-02-29T00:59:45.227" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest setting up a ipv6 only network (you'll need an ipv6 router and a DNS server - more if you want to test across subnets). Dual Stack can be a challenge to test, as fallback to v4 may mask v6 issues. An app (assuming it uses the network) should behave the same running on ipv4 or ipv6 networks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also simply review the code to see if/where ip address are manipulated, or if if ther are low level socket commands that could cause a problem. If the networking calls are all high level (or non-protocol specific), you shouldn't have (m)any problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to test ipv6 interet traffic, ipv6.com has several resources that should help (also search 'ipv6 tunnel broker' if you need to ensure ipv6 only traffic).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T00:59:45.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2716" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-29T08:43:38.547" Score="1" ViewCount="6705" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tested the Gmail login page and was trying to verify the Sign in label in the Gmail login page above the user name field.  I am using FirePath to generate the Xpath.  When I inspect the element Sign in using Firebug, FirePath generated the absolute Xpath &lt;code&gt;html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/h2&lt;/code&gt;.  When I copy this Xpath and execute it, the testcase fails.  Adding &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt; to the absolute Xpath works, i.e. &lt;code&gt;//html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/h2&lt;/code&gt;. To summarize, the absolute Xpath works with &lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt; (single slash) whereas relative Xpath works with &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt;.  Can anyone correct my mistakes or explain this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-07T22:38:09.373" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T06:16:11.200" Title="absolute Xpath is not working for Gmail login page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2717" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-02-29T10:49:51.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Load testing&lt;/strong&gt; is the process of putting demand on a system or device and measuring its response. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Load testing is performed to determine a system’s behavior under both&#xA;  normal and anticipated peak load conditions. It helps to identify the&#xA;  maximum operating capacity of an application as well as any&#xA;  bottlenecks and determine which element is causing degradation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The quote in the excerpt is by Scott Barber, author of Web Load Testing For Dummies: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Load Test - A performance test focused on determining or validating&#xA;  performance characteristics of the product under test when subjected&#xA;  to workload models and load volumes anticipated during production&#xA;  operations. &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some excellent resources for learning more about performance testing on PerfTestPlus's site:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perftestplus.com/resources.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.perftestplus.com/resources.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T18:18:04.720" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T18:18:04.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2718" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-02-29T10:49:51.370" Score="0" Body="A load test is a type of performance test &quot;focused on determining or validating performance characteristics of the product under test when subjected to workload models and load volumes anticipated during production operations&quot;. For issues relating to the setting up or running of load tests." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T12:36:26.913" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T12:36:26.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2716" CreationDate="2012-02-29T14:12:18.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mentioned three ways to start an Xpath.  &lt;code&gt;/html&lt;/code&gt; matches a html tag at the top of the document.  &lt;code&gt;//html&lt;/code&gt; matches any html tag anywhere in the document.  &lt;code&gt;html&lt;/code&gt; matches any html tag that is a child of the context element.  I do not know how Selenium 2 defines the context element.  If the context element is not the top of the document, you will get the behavior you observed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have not read the sections of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3C Xpath specification&lt;/a&gt; on locations and abbreviations, you may benefit from doing so.  It is not very long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-29T19:11:40.987" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T19:11:40.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2721" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-02-29T15:44:42.060" Score="6" ViewCount="154814" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use QC for test management tool in our project. Usually, we write test cases &amp;amp; test steps in spreadsheets and load into QC using 'Export to QC' excel add-in. We have a set of test cases already present in QC and they need to be updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way I can export the test cases (along with test steps for each test case) from QC back to excel so that I can update them to load it back to QC?? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2120" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T04:52:04.057" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T08:16:01.123" Title="How to export test cases from test plan in QC" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2734" CreationDate="2012-02-29T15:49:53.203" Score="2" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;I spend a lot of time in Bugzilla.  Sometimes I wish I could change the tab order on the bug details page to better match how I use it.  For example, starting from the Additional Comments box, the tab order is the Commit button, then the help link for the Status fields, then the two Status buttons.  When I am reviewing bugs, it would be more convenient to go from Additional Comments to the Status fields and then to the Commit button, and then perhaps to the Next link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not find any relevant settings on the preferences pages and the administrative pages.  Without changing the Bugzilla source code, how can I change the tab order on the bug details page?  We use the 3.2.3 release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should also mention that I ordinarily use Bugzilla with Firefox and Chrome, and rarely with other browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-02-29T16:05:41.747" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T20:56:09.583" Title="change tab order on Bugzilla bug details page" Tags="&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2721" CreationDate="2012-02-29T16:04:52.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;there's a sample .vbs (but it was uploaded as .txt) in this forum -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://h30499.www3.hp.com/t5/Quality-Center-Support-and-News/Test-Plan-export-from-QC-to-Excel/td-p/4807563&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://h30499.www3.hp.com/t5/Quality-Center-Support-and-News/Test-Plan-export-from-QC-to-Excel/td-p/4807563&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't tried it myself though, but I do hope it helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1632" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T16:04:52.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2012-02-29T16:19:18.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the tools and advices above you may also try to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt; – open source multi-protocol distributed load tool - for your load-/stress-testing activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The purpose of Tsung is to simulate users in order to test the scalability and performance of IP based client/server applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main features to note are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tsung is &lt;strong&gt;written in Erlang&lt;/strong&gt; to take advantage of that language’s &lt;strong&gt;concurrency support&lt;/strong&gt;: Tsung will not drive the load as fast as Passport can take it but will send defined number of requests every second even if system-under-test cannot cope, so you can expose bottlnecks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tsung &lt;strong&gt;scales well&lt;/strong&gt; (it’s been used to simulate tens of thousands of users).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OS monitoring&lt;/strong&gt; (CPU / memory utilization, network traffic) using SNMP, munin-node agents or Erlang agents on remote servers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tsung supports forms and HTTP sessions, includes some niceties like proxy recording, ‘thinktime’ support, and a choice of random or ordered traffic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tsung is a distributed load testing tool that is &lt;strong&gt;available free of charge&lt;/strong&gt; under the GPLv2 license as an open-source software product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tsung is &lt;strong&gt;protocol-independent&lt;/strong&gt; and can be used to stress HTTP, WebDAV, SOAP, PostgreSQL, MySQL, LDAP, Jabber/XMPP servers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More detailed description you can find on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tool's site&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tsung can simulate very large numbers of users per server, making it ideal for analysing and testing the performance of large-scale applications, such as instant messaging solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Several good guides and points to start:&#xA;&lt;br&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://beebole.com/blog/erlang/test-performance-and-scalability-of-your-web-applications-with-tsung/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test the Performance and Scalability of Your Web Applications with Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://austinmills.name/2008/09/12/using-tsung-for-load-testing-rails-or-web-apps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using Tsung for Load Testing Rails or Web Apps&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://src-main-java.blogspot.com/2011/06/tsung-installation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung Installation&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt; • &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.process-one.net/en/tsung/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung ProcessOne page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for me I've used it successfully for both load- and stress-testing web-services on the project. Tsung may be a bit tricky for first use but really effective in case of high concurrency testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T16:19:18.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="513" CreationDate="2012-02-29T17:37:23.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure, whether you meant &quot;Concurrent users&quot; or &quot;Simultaneous users&quot;, but it seems you want to address risks related to 'Speed', 'Scalability' &amp;amp; 'Reliability' of yours web site when multiple active sessions are in use and server resources are being used concurrently.  There are different types of performance testing required at different time for validating different scenarios / issues in the application.  In the below url, I tried to differentiate multiple types of performance testing. It is not the standard definition though but I tried my best to be in sync with others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rgsoftwaretesting.blogspot.in/2011/01/performance-testing-types.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://rgsoftwaretesting.blogspot.in/2011/01/performance-testing-types.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From tools set perspective, following are list of few tools that I have used and find it very useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JMeter - An open source tool but little hard to learn / use.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;BlazeMeter - Cloud based tool, use JMeter scripts and takes care of internet bandwidth requirements. Each instance in cloud is connected with 100Mbps / 300 Mbps line.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;BrowserMob - Cloud based selenium grid based tool, very easy to use and learn&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;VSTS - Licensed tool from Microsoft, affordable&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NeoLoad - Licensed tool, easy to use and learn, support flash / flex&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadRunner - Licensed tool, very expensive but support many protocols&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As yours application is developed on Microsoft Stack, you can use 'Perfmon' to collect performance counters from multiple servers and correlate it for analyzing it further.  All licensed tools inherently supports gathering these performance counters from multiple servers and provides very easy interface for correlation and reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastActivityDate="2012-02-29T17:37:23.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2726" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-01T04:21:51.567" Score="21" ViewCount="1722" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, our QA department has been running bug hunts. Once a sprint all the teams do 10 min demos then they spend the whole day submitting bugs for a feature getting ready for release. They've been fairly successful. We find lots of bugs before they hit production, it makes the higher ups really happy to see results, and the winning QA members get lunch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I've noticed a very hostile tone encroaching from the teams themselves. We have 4 scrum teams and the bug hunts have been pitting the QA from each team against each other. This starting to cause a headache for myself and the other QA leads. Testers trying to game the system, complaints about other teams cheating, and generally less than happy office chatter about the hunts. Everyone seems to really enjoy the hunts, but everyone has a reason as to why the other teams found issues shouldn't qualify or they just have general paranoia about what the other team is doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone else had to deal with conflicts arising from bug hunts before and if so, how have you gotten around them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR Our scrum teams hunt each others features for bugs. Originally this went well, now QA spends as much time, if not more bickering over validity of found issues. Anyone have an alternative approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2125" LastActivityDate="2020-12-04T16:29:06.867" Title="Bug hunts and possible alternatives?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2726" CreationDate="2012-03-01T05:03:11.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Couple of Alternatives to check&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This issue would occur if everyone tries to test the whole system. Initally to start with you can assign a component to each team. They can reports defects in that areas. After 30 mins, this component can be moved to another team. Now if the earlier team has missed defects would be known when next team logs defect&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maturity of testers and the team matters. I am sure only one or two team members actions might lead to conflicts. Best thing is to educate them or put those testers in the same team&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T05:03:11.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2726" CreationDate="2012-03-01T10:15:51.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our case, we faced the similar problem while appreciating an individual against others in a team created issues.  Instead of productivity going up, it actually came down.  What we did, credited points for every defects as per the severity level and later converted points as &quot;Team Prize&quot;. With the amount collected, the team decided how to use that prized money ethically :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We didn't find it necessary to highlight who raised highest number of defects to management but at the same time, team was small and everyone was aware of their efforts / output and every time when we had this exercise the goal was to accumulate as many points as possible. Later management capped the upper limit though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T10:15:51.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2726" CreationDate="2012-03-01T12:26:38.920" Score="23" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it makes the higher ups really happy to see results, and the winning&#xA;QA members get lunch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you have set the system up so that there are &amp;quot;winners&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;losers&amp;quot; based on bug count, it's not much of a surprise that testers are trying to find a way to win. You are focusing on the wrong goal. You have basically told them that the goal is not improved quality - the goal is to have the highest bug count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, consider that quality is everyone's job. There should be no winners, and no losers. Everyone should benefit from your testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stop declaring winners immediately. Stop singling out individuals or teams. Reward everyone for a job well done, and for an improved product - not for achieving a higher bug count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/misuse-and-abuse-of-bug-counts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/misuse-and-abuse-of-bug-counts.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this might be a warning:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dilbert.com/fast/1995-11-13/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.dilbert.com/fast/1995-11-13/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2020-12-04T16:29:06.867" LastActivityDate="2020-12-04T16:29:06.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2726" CreationDate="2012-03-01T16:24:08.013" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug hunts should be fun and productive for the entire team, and a little professional competition can go a long way to improve moral of the entire team and help them grow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a rare case that I slightly disagree with Joe. I also like the idea of a point system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But would expand to include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Everyone is involved in the bug hunt; not just testers. Having developers, PMs, business analysts, and anyone else on the product team engaged in the bug hunt makes everyone have skin in the &quot;quality&quot; game. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have &quot;seasonal&quot; bug hunts. For example, have 1 bug hunt focused on security, another focused on globalization, etc., and of course have 1 or 2 &quot;open&quot; season bug hunts. This spreads the &quot;wealth&quot; around because rarely is 1 single person/team going to 'win' various categories.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recognize more then 1 contributor/team by expanding the categories. E.g. most reproducible functional bugs, highest severity issue, most creative bug, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reward everyone on the team - pizza or other treats during the bug bash, team morale event soon after the event and the bugs are triaged (e.g. team lunch, etc) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the bugs are triaged upper mgt should send mail to the team outlining high level results of bug bash, talk about value prop for customer and team, and thank everyone for participating and continuing to 'self-host.'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use bug hunts as learning tools. Have the person with the most bugs/most severe bug, etc explain or share some techniques or approaches they used to help them find those issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="213" LastEditDate="2012-03-01T16:48:55.253" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T16:48:55.253" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2726" CreationDate="2012-03-01T16:45:04.070" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm with Joe on this one. When there's a reward only for the &quot;best&quot; - no matter how that &quot;best&quot; is determined, there's an immediate temptation to game the system and an incentive to undermine teamwork. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd look towards a more group-oriented arrangement, one that doesn't necessarily reward the number of bugs found (the last thing you want is people submitting one bug report per typo - it's wasting their time and developer time) but instead rewards the entire team - with a separate reward for developers who are fixing these problems. Possibly have a whole swath of more &quot;fun&quot; awards (certificate and party-hat style) for categories like &quot;strangest bug&quot;, &quot;bug with the most complex reproduction&quot;, &quot;the why would anyone do THAT? bug&quot; - whatever your imagination can devise (you're leading a test team - I'm sure you can come up with some good ones and make the rewards humorous and appropriate)  - to be awarded at the lunch. I'd include some generic awards, as well, like &quot;the plugger&quot; who worked on it, and maybe found some interesting bugs, but didn't find many, or &quot;the lucky so and so&quot; who tested in the cleanest code in the system and couldn't find much no matter what he/she did (A fun prize for the development team involved in that one wouldn't go astray, either), &quot;most imaginative test approach&quot; (no, dropping watermelons on your keyboard isn't really what we expect of users, but we'll give you credit for imagination) and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your company treats the bug hunt as a team &lt;em&gt;building&lt;/em&gt; exercise rather than a competition between teams, they're more likely to have a happier QA team - and it helps your testers to operate as a larger cohesive team working in smaller scrum teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T16:45:04.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2726" CreationDate="2012-03-01T17:51:10.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The bug hunt is a great idea.  However, if it has turned into a competition, you must calibrate the rules to encourage the behavior you want.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example.  Many years ago, I worked for a company that did not initially use a bug tracking system.  When we finally adopted one, I tried to be diligent about logging defects against my own code whenever I found a problem.  I was already in the habit of tracking my bugs in a text file, so logging them in a bug tracking system was an easy adjustment.  I learned later that my behavior was in the minority; most developers avoided logging defects against their own code and asked testers to report problems directly to them.  Apparently these developers assumed that they would be judged by the number of bugs logged against them, and so they gamed the system in ways that defeated some of the advantages of having a bug tracking system in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Management could have fixed the problem by telling everyone that developers were not judged by their bug count.  Or perhaps they could declare that every check-in should have an associated bug number.  There are many ways to address this issue, each with its own trade-offs, and I will not try to list all of them here.  My point is that changing the rules -- changing the incentives -- could have redirected some bad behavior into better behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example is staring you in the face: Stack Exchange was a experiment into using a point system to encourage behavior that would create a certain kind of site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think your technical staff -- both QA and developers -- would enjoy designing a point system that furthers the goals of the bug hunt and encourages the kind of behavior all of you want for your organization.  Why not ask some of them what &lt;em&gt;they&lt;/em&gt; think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T17:51:10.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="160" CreationDate="2012-03-01T19:10:59.757" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;A possibly more generic solution to this problem is to wait for the jquery to complete.  You can do this with a function like this:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void WaitForAjax()&#xA;{&#xA;    while (true) // Handle timeout somewhere&#xA;    {&#xA;        var ajaxIsComplete = (bool)(driver as IJavaScriptExecutor).ExecuteScript(&quot;return jQuery.active == 0&quot;);&#xA;        if (ajaxIsComplete)&#xA;            break;&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(100);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T19:10:59.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2722" CreationDate="2012-03-01T20:56:09.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can change the tab order with a SeaMonkey script (on Firefox), or a user script (in Chrome).  Here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// ==UserScript==&#xA;// @name          Bugzilla tweaks&#xA;// @namespace http://bugzilla.yourcompany.com/bugs&#xA;// @include http://bugzilla.yourcompany.com/bugs/*&#xA;// @version 0&#xA;&#xA;// ==/UserScript==&#xA;function setTabIndex(id,index) {&#xA;    var node = document.getElementById(id);&#xA;    if (node) {&#xA;        node.setAttribute(&quot;tabIndex&quot;,index);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;function setTabIndexXpath(xpath,index) {&#xA;    var result = document.evaluate(xpath,document,null,XPathResult.FIRST_ORDERED_NODE_TYPE,null);&#xA;    if (result.singleNodeValue) {&#xA;       result.singleNodeValue.setAttribute(&quot;tabIndex&quot;,index);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;setTabIndex(&quot;comment&quot;,1)&#xA;setTabIndex(&quot;bug_status&quot;,2);&#xA;setTabIndex(&quot;resolution&quot;,3);&#xA;setTabIndex(&quot;commit&quot;,4);&#xA;setTabIndexXpath(&quot;//a[text()='Next']&quot;,5);&#xA;setTabIndexXpath(&quot;//a[text()='Show last search results']&quot;,6);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use the script in Chrome, just store it on your local filesystem, edit the second (&lt;code&gt;@namespace&lt;/code&gt;) and third (&lt;code&gt;@include&lt;/code&gt;) lines to reflect your Bugzilla installation's URL, point your browser at the file, and then follow the instructions.  It is a very simple process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the same script in Firefox, but I believe you will need to install SeaMonkey first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, there is always a potential security risk associated with installing user scripts in your browser.  Even if you trust my posts in the SQA forum, you should carefully read the script and attempt to understand it before you install it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T20:56:09.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2709" CreationDate="2012-03-01T22:41:14.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You didn't mention platform. On the process side for windows apps, you can strive to create IP agnostic applications See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/wndp/archive/2006/08/29/creating-ip-agnostic-applications--part--1.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms738649.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for some more ideas / elaboration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other platforms, I would imagine there is an equally limited number of networking functions that can tie an application to IP versions - a simple script could help identify exactly where code reviews or refactor work would need to be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2012-03-01T22:41:14.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2736" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2746" CreationDate="2012-03-01T23:48:08.103" Score="5" ViewCount="3853" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of any diagram or tool that can help me think and chalk out a strategy for upgrade testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose there is a server side component that can have add-ons, plugins if you will. There are also rich clients in the form of apps (computers and phones). All of these components have inter-dependencies, that is they work on a particular version onwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's pretty complicated to just put it in a simple table and I'm wondering if there is some sort of a diagram (a sample would be helpful) or tool that will help me chalk all of this out. Using squares to denote components and directed lines to denote an upgrade path just isn't cutting it right now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1683" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-02T00:56:35.840" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T05:55:45.307" Title="Upgrade testing strategy diagram" Tags="&lt;strategy&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="917" CreationDate="2012-03-02T10:55:23.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bishop and Bloomfield have proposed a method of predicting long term reliability growth in software. It is based on an initial assessment of faults. Their work is very easy to understand and follow and later works look at estimating software defects by various methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A large set of their papers can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adelard.com/resources/reports/papers.html#P12&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Papers that may be helpful, or provide a good starting point are listed here:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adelard.com/papers/issre96m.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;A Conservative Theory for Long-Term Reliability Growth Prediction&#xA;P G Bishop and R E Bloomfield, 1996&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adelard.com/papers/SCOMP02_faults_vs_coverage10.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Estimating Residual Faults from Code Coverage&#xA;P.G. Bishop&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adelard.com/papers/issre02_34_bishop.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Worst Case Reliability Prediction Based on a Prior Estimate of Residual Defects&#xA;P.G. Bishop, R.E. Bloomfield&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2127" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T17:53:17.403" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T17:53:17.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2736" CreationDate="2012-03-02T11:42:53.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like the kind of thing where an entity-relationship style diagram or similar would help. If you want gold-plated, Visio does that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simpler tools - you can do the same thing (with a bit of extra effort) in any drawing application, and I believe the Google drawing tools offer similar kinds of function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I read this correctly, you're looking for something like these images:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/w7r4O.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bSIg3.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick google for &quot;software system diagrams&quot; got me a lot of links including free software you might like to play with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mind-mapping software could also be helpful to you to show relationships and potential upgrade paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a few thoughts - I hope they help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-29T22:10:29.760" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T22:10:29.760" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1027" CreationDate="2012-03-02T12:59:09.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have moved my team completely away from test strategy documents.  We are using mindmaps instead as they paint a great picture of what you are trying to test and allow for quick conversations with development and analysts.  You can then continue to flesh them out and move to test ideas.  Excellent blog about this - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bettertesting.co.uk/content/?p=956&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bettertesting.co.uk/content/?p=956&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2128" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T12:59:09.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1804" CreationDate="2012-03-02T13:36:37.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is still ambiguity between the words.  A quick Google search for &quot;abuse case testing&quot; brings up &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingthefuture.net/2009/08/how-abuse-cases-change-the-view-at-applications/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; which states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An Abuse cases can describe the possible misuse of an application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree that &lt;strong&gt;abuse cases are a subset of misuse cases&lt;/strong&gt;.  I also agree that abuse cases contain more malice as Tom77 suggested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if a line has to be drawn and a definition given:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;misuse case&lt;/strong&gt; will test the application disregarding the requirements.  These cases are useful to ensure that fields are properly sanitized and that errors are handled gracefully.  The word 'misuse' in and of itself keys us into a few things to remember:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should be the opposite of a use case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should fill in the gaps/holes left between the use cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should not only contain functional tests, but usability tests (hence mis &lt;strong&gt;use&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From the testing perspective:&lt;/strong&gt; we are exploring, going places we weren't told about, following our intuition, trying to improve the quality of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An &lt;strong&gt;abuse case&lt;/strong&gt; will also test gaps between the use cases, but in a fashion that will try to cause the most harm to the application and environment as possible.  The goal is to cause errors, damage data, undermine stability, and call forth crashes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From the testing perspective:&lt;/strong&gt; we try to cause as much havok as we can, using any tools possible.  We hate the application and want to see both it and its users/users' data destroyed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we've got a website that ranks things according to number of &quot;likes,&quot; if we are able to edit the javascript on the page to allow us to like multiple times, the data no longer has integrity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we're testing a mobile application with a phone that has a sliding keyboard, and when the orientation of the application changes if it is open or closed, we should repeatedly open and close the keyboard to see how the application handles that abuse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abuse cases are destructive, and only an extremely small percentage of users will have that mentality, so a lot of times I've found that managers decide to fix them last, if at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Misuse cases, on the other hand, actually go about and help improve the quality of the system, and I've found that issues found during this process are fixed relatively quickly, or marked as change requests / enhancements to be fixed in the near future (which goes in addition to what Steve mentioned earlier).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T13:36:37.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-03-02T15:34:35.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to throw my hat in to the ring here. I'm one of the developers of a tool called TestWave that might be of interest to you. It provides the structure you seem to want and supports requirements, releases, test managment and also has built in defect management too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can get a trial at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testwave.co.uk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testwave.co.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2130" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T15:34:35.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2692" CreationDate="2012-03-02T17:50:11.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Along with understanding the need to have a build acceptance suite, which will help define parameters, I think the following things might universally apply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't pick atomic test cases, i.e. TCs that do only one thing. You've partly covered this in #3 of your question. You want TCs that cover a basic scenario that you consider absolutely essential for your product. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Define who will own which TCs. If they fail, who is responsible to investigate? What is the expected turn around time?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Build acceptance TCs should run fairly quickly. Since you'll run them often (depending on whether you have nightlies, everyday), these should finish running anywhere from a few minutes to a couple of hours depending upon the size and complexity of your product.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TCs should be functional in nature, i.e. not perf, security or usability based.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manual TCs for this purpose should be absolutely minimal IMO.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Avoid negative cases unless they are mission critical&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boundary TCs should be avoided unless mission critical&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;State who decides future TCs. Can everyone just mark their TC as required for build acceptance? You might want to have a person or two, depending upon the size of your org, to determine this. Giving free reign will mean you'll have too many TCs that take too long to run.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is the expected accuracy? i.e. What percentage of times is it ok if TCs failed because of environment or test code reason?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What course of action will be taken if a TC fails too many times because of test code itself? You'd want to maintain high test code quality. Removing a TC from the suite temporarily upon say &amp;lt;90% accuracy might encourage better code quality and therefore higher build quality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Means to identify and communicate means of failure, for instance code checkin that caused it.&#xA;Hope that helps. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1683" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T17:50:11.840" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2648" CreationDate="2012-03-02T17:58:29.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO, no. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Depending upon your UI, cost of implementing will probably be high. Don't forget to sum the cost of maintaining it when your UI changes in the next release and so on. This itself should warrant second thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;UI tests can be flaky. In my experience accuracy of UI test cases is pretty low. I'd imagine this to get worse with brute forcing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you have 10 elements are there going to be 10! iterations?! &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Time and resources required to execute these TCs and then investigate failures might outweigh the benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you do implement and execute something like this, will you be 100% sure that your UI is near perfect? :-)  I guess not. There's your answer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1683" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T17:58:29.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2748" CreationDate="2012-03-02T19:52:38.020" Score="10" ViewCount="3458" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the key performance indicators which you all are using in your company with respect to testers?  As with any metric it can easily be skewed as testers and developers will often play to the metric, but are you all successfully utilizing any metrics in your projects?  How can one best offset people working only towards these metrics?  How do you balance these metrics between testers who automate, and those who do exploratory testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastActivityDate="2020-03-31T10:37:57.513" Title="Testers Performance Indicators / Metrics" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2744" CreationDate="2012-03-02T23:07:59.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never found a metric that cannot be manipulated.  I think it is good to measure things, e.g. statistics from your bug tracking system, but you must keep them in perspective.  Although it happens all the time, plugging metrics into a formula is usually not a good way to manage people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also think there are mediocre statistics and bad statistics but no great statistics.  For example, number of bugs opened/closed/reopened by a tester is mediocre; number of lines of code written by a developer is bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You seem to recognize that automation and exploratory testing are quite different.  I think you may be able to measure, in a rough way, the relative effectiveness/cost of automation and exploratory testing.  Comparing the job performance of individuals in those different roles is difficult.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T23:07:59.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2736" CreationDate="2012-03-02T23:19:25.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suspect the best representation for devising a test plan will not be the same as the best representation for visualizing the relationships.  For devising a test plan for a combinatorial problem, I think you want a matrix and a list of constraints.  The matrix has a column per independent variable, with the possible values of that variable listed in that column.  The constraints describe which tuples of values are compatible (or incompatible).  In you case, that might mean a column per component, which each column contains the versions of that component, and then a list of which component versions are compatible (or incompatible) with other component versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given this representation, there are a variety of programs that will try to minimize the number of test cases while maximizing the number of combinations that you test.  I am glossing over a lot of details, but if you &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=combinatorial&quot;&gt;search SQA for &quot;combinatorial&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, you will find more information about those programs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T23:19:25.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2736" CreationDate="2012-03-02T23:21:17.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you looking for something like this description of &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.atlassian.com/2010/06/visualising_bamboo_dependencies_with_graphviz/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;visualising bamboo dependencies with graphviz&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also found some other suggestions for diagramming dependencies in this Stack Overflow question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/100372/good-tool-to-generate-dependency-diagram&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/100372/good-tool-to-generate-dependency-diagram&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-03-02T23:21:17.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2744" CreationDate="2012-03-02T23:22:21.840" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several things that you need to remember before starting this task:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You do not want to measure just for the sake of measurement;&#xA;instead, you want to achieve a clearer view of what you have (or do)&#xA;and how can you make it happen better.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You do not want to for your team nor their performance to be only&#xA;driven by improving the measured results, for some cases, the&#xA;measurement results may indicate improvements while the underlying&#xA;performance that was allegedly being measured will be actually&#xA;worsens. (Please see a live example documented in this question&#xA;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2726/bug-hunts-and-possible-alternatives&quot;&gt;Bug hunts and possible alternatives?&lt;/a&gt;&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be sure of what you want to measure (team performance vs. individual's achievements vs. process compliance).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keeping the above in mind, I would suggest dividing your task into the following categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;50-60% to Project's performance - this is a completely objective measure where the team member will be evaluated based on his/her performance during projects' work based on factors related to Productivity, Customer Satisfaction, Process Compliance and Personal Attributes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;10-20% to Business Related Objectives - these objectives measure what can a team member do to increase the value of the business (e.g. building capacity for a certain skill or new tool).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;10-20% to Team Development Objectives - these objectives measure what can a team member do to make sure that a certain skill is properly shared and delivered to the rest of the team (e.g. Deliver training for the team on a skill or tool).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5-15% to Personal Development - these objectives ensure that all team members personal improvement is also rewarded (e.g. acquiring a certain certification).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have been using this model described briefly above for more than 5 years for now and we have achieved several benefits including achieving relatively low resources turnover and the fact that most of the team members feel that building an increasing on their skills falls in parallel with enriching their resumes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if your question refers more to measuring or grading the outputs of your team members, then consider understanding the quality of the delivery of the team member outputs after, for example, peer review comments or team lead reviews to get a better understanding on the personal competency of each resource. However, I would remind you again not to get too much indulged in this area as it could lead to negative side effects that -in most cases- ruin the team spirits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1052" LastEditorUserId="41012" LastEditDate="2020-03-31T10:37:57.513" LastActivityDate="2020-03-31T10:37:57.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2744" CreationDate="2012-03-03T02:26:00.873" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before you attempt to implement a metrics program, I strongly urge you to read &quot;Measuring and Managing Performance in Organizations&quot; by Robert D. Austin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You owe it to your team and to yourself to learn about the people-related aspects of measurement systems, and how &quot;measurement dysfunction&quot; occurs. And you may learn about the appropriate level of supervision needed to get your team to succeed the way you want them to (which may or may not involve metrics).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-03T02:26:00.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-03-03T08:46:27.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seapine.com/testtrack.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Seapine TestTrack&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It has a requirements manager, a test case repository, a test run repository, tasks and task assignments and reports. All this, without the bloat.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It is easy to use, has a web interface (and not an ActiveX control) or alternatively a windows client. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="736" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-11-27T21:30:21.500" LastActivityDate="2012-11-27T21:30:21.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2744" CreationDate="2012-03-05T20:19:01.753" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scott,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tester performance isn't something that you can measure easily. There are too many other dependencies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you go with number of bugs opened/closed/whatever that's highly dependent on the quality of the material each person is testing. Someone who's got a load of fertilizer will open a lot of bugs quickly and close them quickly because there's a whole lot of really obvious and easily fixed bugs. Someone who's testing something that's mostly clean but has a hidden intermittent problem may not report many bugs at all, but the one they do report could be a show stopper. Someone who gets the best code in the system could legitimately not find anything.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you evaluate on lines of code for automators, you're ignoring the impact of data-driven testing where you can add 500 new tests without adding a single line of code (I've done this). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you look at number of bugs in projects Tester X worked on, then you also have to account for whether Tester X had sufficient time to test, how complex that project was compared to the projects and features your other testers worked on, and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly the only valid measure is the tester equivalent of &lt;a href=&quot;http://commadot.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/wtf.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WTF per minute&lt;/a&gt; - WTF per test case document and WTF per minute when reviewing script code. Anything else is too dependent on factors outside your tester's control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-03-05T20:19:01.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2754" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-06T01:15:26.127" Score="7" ViewCount="1452" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working with several companies that are deploying &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAP_HANA&quot;&gt;SAP HANA&lt;/a&gt; (in memory appliance that compresses data from the DB and moves the entire structure into memory resulting in query times that are ~3600 times faster). Our problem is we need to functionally test the system to ensure the right data arrived, no corruption occurred, the apps were modified to talk to this appliance rather than the DB correctly, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We came up with a basic way to do this but we need more.  We're going to run some reports with the system before migrating to HANA and then run the reports afterwards. They should be the same since the application shouldn't have changed functionally and the data should be identical even though it's in columnar format and in a different location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How else can you functionally test reports or reporting UIs like BI or BW?  What about Flash or CRM apps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'd like to find a way to automate this.  If anyone has experience automating BOBJ, let me know.  I'd love to buy you a steak dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2143" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T09:22:08.300" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T15:36:27.793" Title="How do you test reports and analytic engines like BI/BW?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2755" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-06T05:41:37.967" Score="14" ViewCount="56371" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating an application which contains browser level authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I open the application, the browser performs basic authentication, i.e. it prompts for a username and password.  How can I handle this scenario using Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-06T17:34:59.290" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T00:28:21.457" Title="Handling browser level authentication using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2012-03-06T07:26:09.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here one method of handling, Create browser profile and check remind password. By calling the profile before the execution, It won't ask you the authentication next time onwards. Let me know if it doesn't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2144" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T07:26:09.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2757" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-06T11:03:01.717" Score="1" ViewCount="4273" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to use js split in one of my tests.  I need to store a url and save the last part of the url in a log file.  I have stored the url successfully but I can't get the slit to work.  So far I have the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;store&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;amp;quot;http://www.exampleUrl.com/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/-|845290&amp;amp;quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${a}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;var pathArray = location.pathname.split( '-|' ); var a= pathArray[1];&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;new&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${new}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when ever I run it I am getting an echo = null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-06T14:43:54.217" LastActivityDate="2012-04-05T05:42:49.793" Title="split stored value using JS in selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2758" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2810" CreationDate="2012-03-06T11:13:49.083" Score="5" ViewCount="3125" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is intended to those QA shops which follow the paradigm of writing manual tests and automating them. Though I know that many QA shops don't agree to this paradigm at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the situation that you don't have access to fancy test management tool and you are automating manual tests written in spread sheet, Google Doc etc. How do you keep track of test which have been automated? Do you add a news column in spread sheet with &lt;code&gt;automated&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;not automated&lt;/code&gt; status. Or any other mechanism which makes it easy for others to have a glance and find out the if a certain test case is automated or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence the objective is not to find how many test cases have been automated but to be able to quickly detect whether a certain test case is automated or not. For example if login with right user name and password does not work then how quickly can some one find whether this test case is automated or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T18:46:43.617" Title="Tracking manual test cases which are automated" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2758" CreationDate="2012-03-06T11:52:03.887" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do you add a news column in spread sheet with automated, not automated&#xA;  status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the approach I use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I typically have an overall document (either Word or Excel) which lists test cases, and indicates either the document to be used when they are manual test cases, or the script to be executed when they are automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T11:52:03.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2758" CreationDate="2012-03-06T12:40:50.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our cases too, we add a new column with 'automated' / 'not automated' status but at the same time we setup conditional color coding for the row selection as well, so that if anyone reviewing test cases sheets, it is easily visible at a glance, which test cases are automated and which test cases are not automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T12:40:50.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2758" CreationDate="2012-03-06T15:28:31.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One approach I've used previously, with a spreadsheet, is for each tab to cover a different execution method, i.e. one tab for manually executed tests and another for automated tests. Whilst not the most efficient way of organising your tests it is effective for a small set of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T15:28:31.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2012-03-06T16:16:00.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basic authentication isn't handled very well in Selenium, and to be honest, I'm not certain that it should be either (although it would be nice).  The solution that I've been using is to create a script in autoIT or something similar that is able to access the authentication box.&#xA;Essentially, create the script that looks for the authentication box, enter credentials, click OK or press Enter and then either end or kill this sub script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's dirty, not ideal, but it's the best solution that I've found so far that can work with multiple browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T16:16:00.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2758" CreationDate="2012-03-06T16:39:47.070" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're using C# you can include test case titles, descriptions, etc. in XML in the automated test case itself, then compile with /doc. The compiler will search for all XML tags in the source code and create an XML file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach is to use meta-tags in your automated tests and use those to produce a list of automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several ways to accomplish this without the overhead and constant maintenance of manually updating a spreadsheet everytime you automate another manual test. The main point being don't create more work than necesary. An automated test is documentation...use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Updating a spreadsheet could get messy and out-of-date, esp. if more than 1 person writing automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you could really get fancy and compare the list of automated tests with the list of all manual tests and automatically mark which are automated on a daily basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T16:39:47.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2757" CreationDate="2012-03-06T18:23:27.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;remove the assignments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;location.pathname.split( '-|' )[1]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;new&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="55" LastActivityDate="2012-03-06T18:23:27.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-07T03:11:08.303" Score="2" ViewCount="460" Body="&lt;p&gt;Web Consistency Testing &amp;amp; Selenium : is there any tool which we can integrate with selenium to perform Web consistency testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can do this using Selenium but its scope is limited using getallButtons, getAllFields etc. but it does not fetch all Page elements and also it only fetches only buttons or labels not every GUI element which are actually causing problems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is there any Web consistency tool which can(prefered) or can not be integrated with selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also please suggest any others ways you know to perform this without selenium or with selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2147" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T14:11:20.310" Title="Web Consistency Testing &amp; Selenium : is there any tool which we can integrate with selenium to perform Web consistency testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2765" CreationDate="2012-03-07T05:46:28.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;u can use selenium to verify the functionality of your app. checking links and logics etc.. But css validation is not possible with selenium. u can use any of the open source  tool. i use browser shots. its simple and has a wide range of browsers. on the other hand drawbacks are also there its slow and u have keep increasing the time.&#xA;check out the links bellow. it may help you out.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://browsershots.org/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2011/08/07/a-dozen-cross-browser-testing-tools/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2012-03-07T05:46:28.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2768" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-07T14:19:36.160" Score="11" ViewCount="30360" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a series of Selenium2 test cases in C#/NUnit that are run sequentially. Each test case runs in a new instance of the WebDriver (and this is necessary) - which means that each time a new test case it reached, a new browser window opens over the top of whatever else I'm working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to configure the WebDriver to automatically open the browser in the background? If I manually place it in the background the tests still run fine... but having to do that every few minutes makes it hard to run the full test and work on something else at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2152" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T18:56:08.760" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T18:56:08.760" Title="How to start a Selenium2 WebDriver window in background?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2765" CreationDate="2012-03-07T14:39:45.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We built &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6fV-6eMSUM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;our Web Consistency Testing service&lt;/a&gt; on top of Selenium and provide an API for integrating it into your Selenium testing suite.  I assume you're looking to build your own rather than use a third party.  In that case, there's really two parts that complementary to Selenium that you'll need to deal with: getting the DOM values and getting the screenshots for visualization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since Selenium can execute JavaScript in the browser for you and JavaScript has a DOM bridge, you can serialize your DOM that way.  You may find this too slow on IE, in which case you'll probably want to write some plugin to do it for you.  There was some discussion of this on the  &lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.google.com/group/web-consistency-testing/browse_thread/thread/87190693d432c4cd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web Consistency Testing mailing list&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the screenshots, you almost certainly want the full canvas ones.  Selenium provides this for Firefox out of the box.  If you use the WebDriver protocol, you also get it in IE out of the box.  If you use the RC protocol, you'll need to check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nirvdrum/SnapsIE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SnapsIE&lt;/a&gt; to get the capability for IE.  We're pushing on the Chrome team to add something to their API to make support for this out of the box much easier -- until then, you likely would need to produce your own NPAPI-based plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2153" LastEditorUserId="2153" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T14:11:20.310" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T14:11:20.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2012-03-07T20:17:50.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should check out TestWave (www.testwave.co.uk). There are various options for having tests in multiple projects, such as copying them between projects, or creating a release for each of your customers within the same project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2156" LastActivityDate="2012-03-07T20:17:50.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-08T03:02:57.040" Score="1" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;For developers, there are many good link recommendation site like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dzone.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dzone&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.reddit.com/r/programming/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reddit&lt;/a&gt;.  Are there any similar sites exclusively for testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2088" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T11:51:21.037" Title="What are good link recommendation sites for testers?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2696" CreationDate="2012-03-08T03:40:24.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;yes, as Tarun says, you can use xpath,&#xA;but in our project, it's usually a required action for developer to add IDs to each elements. because,sometimes the UI or the text may change, then you had to modify your test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1820" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T03:40:24.043" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2771" CreationDate="2012-03-08T05:31:42.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I follow the below 4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testingjeff.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testingjeff.wordpress.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/wordpress/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lisacrispin.com/wordpress/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.stickyminds.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1103" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T05:31:42.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-08T09:28:57.783" Score="1" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm totally new to this testing software.&#xA;Currently, I'm using LR 8.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned that this version is only compatible with IE6.&#xA;For some reasons, I cannot afford to downgrade my current IE version back to 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I'm trying to play around with Firefox to see if there's the light of hope.&#xA;But, I don't really know if Firefox really does the job (action recording).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From some forum that I've read, it can be done if I configure the port to be 7777.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are my steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Create/Edit Scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VuGen opens, click on Start Recording Options.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under Browser submenu, I choose Manually launch an application. (IE is not working in my case)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under Recording Proxy, I choose Use custom proxy by filling in &lt;code&gt;localhost&lt;/code&gt; (both HTTP and HTTPS) and the ports to be &lt;code&gt;7777&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm suspecting that the fourth step is incorrect. &#xA;Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2159" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T06:57:37.200" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T06:57:37.200" Title="How can I downgrade to IE6 to use Load Runner 8?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2771" CreationDate="2012-03-08T11:51:21.037" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a page that aggregates blogs from many testers.&#xA;Go here &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/&lt;/a&gt; and click the &quot;What People Are Writing&quot; tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also frequent SQAForums.com and softwaretestingclub.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T11:51:21.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2775" CreationDate="2012-03-08T13:43:18.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Version 8?  Wow, that's old!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't make much sense to have to resort to all these workarounds.  Instead, your company should use a current version of LoadRunner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T13:43:18.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2778" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2783" CreationDate="2012-03-08T18:28:37.967" Score="8" ViewCount="961" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’ve heard many references to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Black Box Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; courses and as such I'm interested in going through the coursework. There is a lot of information thrown on the site and no real guidance for completing it via self-study. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question(s) is since there is no study or course guide to follow: how should I approach the BBST Coursework? Start with Foundations, then Bug Advocacy, then Test Design? Where do the other sections like domain testing, spec-based testing fit in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it worth joining the Association of Software Testing (AST) to work through this? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you join AST and pay their yearly dues, is the coursework still free? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can a someone walk through the course, self-study, and get something out of it? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has anyone gone through the BBST Courses?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- Chris&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2012-03-24T21:44:40.997" LastActivityDate="2012-03-24T21:44:40.997" Title="How to approach the BBST Courses" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2778" CreationDate="2012-03-08T18:34:32.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you join AST and pay their yearly dues, is the coursework still&#xA;  free?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the AST site (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Foundations Course is $125 beginning January 2012. (Members who&#xA;  registered prior to January had their course fee waived)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Advanced Courses (Bug Advocacy and Test Design) are $200&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T18:34:32.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2012-03-08T20:02:45.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A number of expert testers like James Bach have put their bookshelves online and I talked about them here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/2685/1455&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/2685/1455&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically what I said was software testing expert James Bach has a growing list of books on his Tester's Bookshelf that are worth looking at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.librarything.com/catalog/satisfice/testersbookshelf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.librarything.com/catalog/satisfice/testersbookshelf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;James Whittaker has a new book coming out &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321803027&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How Google Tests Software&lt;/a&gt; but that won't be available for another month or so. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm in the middle of reading a few books: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0932633471&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amplifying your Effectiveness by Gerald Weinberg, James Bach, Naomi Karten&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B004VS9AUS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;An Introduction to General Systems Thinking by Gerald Weinberg&lt;/a&gt;. Looks like as of 3/8/12 the Kindle version of Introduction to General Systems Thinking is less than $4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T22:40:53.050" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-03-08T20:02:45.923" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2778" CreationDate="2012-03-08T21:05:50.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Foundations is a pre-req for the others, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/courses/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/courses/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-03-08T21:05:50.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2778" CreationDate="2012-03-09T03:46:13.673" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've successfully completed the AST's BBST Foundations course, and a couple of colleagues have just completed it (and enjoyed it!). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to self-study with the material, but I'd definitely recommend doing the AST course if you can. (There is a self-study student workbook in preparation, due out late 2012/early 2013). When you do the AST course, you'll find yourself working through the material supported by peers and tutors, with lots of supporting exercises and quizzes. You'll find yourself responding to the new material you've learnt as part of the exercises, but you'll also find that you're expected to review and comment on other students' responses, consider their feedback to you, and then decide whether you'd modify your original answer. I found that this process gave me a much deeper appreciation of the material - it really forced me to examine my ideas quite closely, and rethink them in many cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's pretty intense. You pretty much get out of Foundations what you put into it in terms of time - the course recommends 12-14 hours a week, and you do need to put at least that much time in (some people put in much more, but it's doable with that time). I'd recommend taking a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/orientation/students/&quot;&gt;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/orientation/students/&lt;/a&gt; as it'll give you a good idea of what will be expected of you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As might be obvious from the above, I think the AST courses are fabulous - both in terms of content, but also in terms of instructional design. It's so clear that every aspect of the course has been carefully thought out to increase how much and how well you learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I intend to complete all three courses at some point, for me it's a matter of when I can afford the time. I'd definitely recommend at least doing Foundations to any tester (the experience level on the session I took ranged from a couple of months to more like a couple of decades). The order you suggest is correct - Foundations is a pre-req for Bug Advocacy, and you need to do both Foundations and Bug Advocacy to prepare you for Test Design. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully I'll see you on one of them sometime? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I also found this article by Cem Kaner about the courses - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.logigear.com/magazine/articles/black-box-software-testing-test-design-course/&quot;&gt;http://www.logigear.com/magazine/articles/black-box-software-testing-test-design-course/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T03:46:13.673" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2677" CreationDate="2012-03-09T07:15:25.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;either is ok ,  i think. If there is enough libraries available in your company for TCL, it's OK.&#xA;The language is not important. What you should learn is the test methodologies and the way you are thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is more easier for you to learning a new programming language than to have good understanding on testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1820" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T07:15:25.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2775" CreationDate="2012-03-09T11:37:34.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ya ie 6 is little to old. but it is also a fact that load runner works best with ie, but having said that u just have to configure it to work with other browser.&#xA;try this out&#xA;1. open firefox&#xA;2. goto tools-&gt;option&#xA;4. goto advance tab&#xA;5. go to network tab under options&#xA;6. under connection click on settings&#xA;7. check Manual proxy configuration&#xA;8. enter localhost for http proxy and port number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T11:37:34.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2012-03-09T13:07:51.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many applications for mobile testing in this world every day, so I couldn't choose correct apps tester. I searched for mobile apps testing keywords in Google, Yahoo and Bing. Many are listed on the first search results page. One I would use is &lt;a href=&quot;http://mobileappstesting.contussupport.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mobileappstesting.contussupport.com&lt;/a&gt;, because this sites gave to remove 5 bugs free to My apps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different Mobile Testing Tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eggPlant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eclipse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fone Monkey&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fone Monkey Android&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully, these will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2167" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T22:01:45.313" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T22:01:45.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2789" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-09T13:22:00.013" Score="6" ViewCount="725" Body="&lt;p&gt;Android platform is famous for it's saturation and variety. Even if I test my app on 6 different devices (low-end, high-end, gingerbread, honeycomb, ICS, small display, large display, vanilla android, HTC sense, etc), some device-specific bugs still seem to haunt my apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Android Market says that there's rough 600 different android devices my app can be used. That sure is lot of devices to test on. I can't afford to buy them all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do you have good &quot;Best Practices&quot; for testing device-specific problems on android apps?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any good beta testing services I can post my app and have it tested on 100 different devices? I used Samsung's remote testing service, but works quite poorly on openGL/NDK applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2168" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-19T08:49:31.530" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T15:05:32.337" Title="How do I determine which Android devices to test on so that I get the best coverage?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;service&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2790" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-09T18:30:42.490" Score="10" ViewCount="19745" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing automated tests for a site at work and we have certain screens that when we send a specific set of keystrokes, a section of the page will become visible and allows us to see information related to pricing or a document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to automate this using WebDriver's KeyDown or SendKeys command but I have so far been unable to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The command I am trying to automate is &lt;kbd&gt;Control&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;&quot;Double Click&quot;&lt;/kbd&gt;.  This is the code I have, but I have tried other variations using SendKeys instead of KeyDown.  I know that at least one of the keys is being pressed on the page because the text within the element highlights, mimicing either a control or alt click, and the double click is also firing correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions(this.driver);&#xA;&#xA;builder.KeyDown(Keys.LeftControl);&#xA;builder.KeyDown(Keys.LeftAlt);&#xA;builder.DoubleClick(BrowserHelper.GetElement(this.driver, locator, additionalLocatorPath));&#xA;builder.KeyUp(Keys.LeftControl);&#xA;builder.KeyUp(Keys.LeftAlt).Build().Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using the &lt;em&gt;latest version of firefox&lt;/em&gt; with native events enabled and &lt;em&gt;webdriver 2.20&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;UPDATE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I wound up ditching the action builder and used the javascript executor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string jsScript = &quot;var doubleClickElement = document.getElementById('&quot;+ locator + &quot;'); if(document.createEventObject){var evt = document.createEventObject();evt.altKey = true;evt.ctrlKey = true;doubleClickElement.fireEvent('ondblclick', evt);}else{var evt = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');evt.initMouseEvent('dblclick', true, true, window, null, 1, 1, 1, 1, true, true, false, false, null, doubleClickElement);doubleClickElement.dispatchEvent(evt);}&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;((IJavaScriptExecutor)this.driver).ExecuteScript(jsScript);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2169" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T08:40:41.783" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T08:40:41.783" Title="How can I send the action &quot;Ctrl&quot; + &quot;Alt&quot; + &quot;Double Click&quot; to the browser" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2778" CreationDate="2012-03-09T19:51:18.817" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As testerab said above, the course is quite intensive.  I have successfully completed it as well and it requires quite a bit of commitment.  You work a great deal with a team/group to generate ideas and form a cohesive set of heuristics for approaching whatever project the instructors throw at you.  So you'll have to deal with communication with a distributed team in different time zones as well as the overall solving of whatever problem is presented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, as Joe already said, the base level BBST course is no longer free.  Even though I didn't pay when I took it (other than my membership dues), knowing what I know now about it I would still pay to take it.  Well worth the cost, in my mind.  The course materials are great, and the instructors and your classmates provide a ton of feedback.  The model they have set up gives you a really approachable way to iterate through your ideas improving on them as you go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T19:51:18.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2789" CreationDate="2012-03-09T20:38:33.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome Habba!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a very troublesome issue that will likely never go away.  And I rather like that, as it keeps the market more interesting.  There are several strategies I use in my org to approach testing for Android, listed below.  But the biggest thing I've come to realize when working with this platform is that there will ALWAYS be some devices that don't handle your application as well.  There are too many variables to consider and at some point cost wins out.  The best you can do is mitigate damage at that point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Place limits early:  Depending on context and what you're creating, limit what devices can install the build.  The manifest file allows a pretty decent level of control for target devices by SDK (Android Version), resolution, device features, and many others.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Android Manifest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Narrow focus: Once we place limits on the supported devices, we further limit test devices by selecting a low/mid/high range that fits those criteria and focus on those.  Then as time permits more devices are cycled in to get some extra coverage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spread the build around: In my org, there are a lot of people that have Android phones/tablets as personal devices.  So it would be a shame to let all that go to waste making phone calls/texts or checking Facebook.  If you have them check Install from Unknown Sources under Application Settings you can place the .apk online (a simple page w/ a download link) and get your new tester helpers to go and install.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Emulate: Depending on what you're developing, there are also a lot of solutions using the Android SDK to emulate devices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate: There are quite a few tools to spread the load around. The SDK/Selenium/etc all have the capacity to automate using the emulator or physical devices.  It isn't perfect, but gets at least some of the more obvious problems out of the way leaving time for you to focus on the important stuff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for distribution and beta testing, you could do what I mentioned above and just put the .apk online and send the link out.  Or there are several paid services that will provide an extensive library of devices and a small army of testers to use them.  Services like uTest are great for stuff like this.  Not cheap, but they are valuable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2012-03-09T20:38:33.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2441" CreationDate="2012-03-11T15:27:54.697" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short answer&lt;/strong&gt;: - I use them to evaluate my understanding of a product, and to communicate my understanding of the product. Secondary (test) use is to walk through the CLD and ask typical tester &quot;what if?&quot; questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Longer answer&lt;/strong&gt;: You can use CLDs pretty much as designed - as a method for understanding the system you are testing, including assumptions as well as relationships. The CLD becomes a pretty good tool for communicating understanding across the team, and are great for removing ambiguity. You can also often find bugs in the system by walking through the CLD and asking questions (e.g. &lt;em&gt;if input X depends on input Y, what happens if Y is negative?&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;If feature a is dependent on 3rd party library b, what's the risk (or backup plan)?&lt;/em&gt;). In the latter example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also found bayesian analysis, sometimes in conjunction with CLD's to be a wonderful way to document and communicate risk in a system with complex dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many testers use mind-maps for test design, and I've seen mindmaps that look more like CLD's than test design, so in a way, there is some* usage - although I believe, like you, that there's room for more usage among testers - especially those who want to increase their systems-view thinking of the products they're working with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2012-03-11T15:27:54.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-11T19:20:20.280" Score="2" ViewCount="4143" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to work on multiple windows using selenium, when I searched on the net, there are only explanations and codes available for Selenium2 webdriver version. For the normal selenium I can't find any info on it. So is there a way multiple window operations be performed in selenium + java , if yes, how can it be achieved?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1989" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T14:23:33.617" Title="Handling multiple windows using selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2820" CreationDate="2012-03-12T02:28:19.853" Score="6" ViewCount="551" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software developers are usually able to build up portfolios of projects they may have worked on and prospective employers might carry out programming tests to determine the level of their abilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester that dabbles in automation I do have quite a collection of scripts, but they aren't really something I'm proud of as they are quite simple and were quickly cobbled together to help get things done faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what do people usually do as software testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2173" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:31:27.413" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T13:31:27.413" Title="How do people express their ability to test software?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1212" CreationDate="2012-03-12T03:13:35.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots and lots of tests that can be carried out in ETL and data warehouse testing.&#xA;It helps if you have a set of prioritised requirements as to what you want to try and test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usual 3 'functional' checks are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have you checked the data coming in is ok? (garbage in garbage out)&#xA;Often times using the information from data profiling and looking over the business rules will help identify potential issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the data processing ok?&#xA;I don't know what your automated tests cover, but you may still need to check boundary cases, division issues, nulls, referential integrity issues?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How is the data output looking?&#xA;This is when you usually find out if the business rules actually seem to be right or not.. Also it's when you'll be able to check if the data is presented as per the specification.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And chances are, if it's a new system, after clients have actually seen the outputs they're likely to change their minds on certain business rules, so you probably want to be ready for change. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may have other 'non-functional' metrics you may need to test such as performance + load testing, security, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As far as the original question is concerned, I would go as far I could given the budget and project priorities.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2173" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T03:13:35.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2795" CreationDate="2012-03-12T06:46:13.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buh... forgive me for only responding in terms of theory and not in terms of practice, because I understand the concepts underlying what you're trying to do, but lack directly applicable experience with either set of the Selenium2 webdrivers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With respect to what you're trying to achieve, however, it seems comparable to any asynchronous set of operations on multiple internet windows and therefore should be something you can handle thusly regardless of which programming language or tool set is employed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just glancing over the API documentation, it appears that the tools used for these types of events are the &quot;andWait&quot; / &quot;waitFor&quot; methods: &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.html#the-andwait-commands&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.html#the-andwait-commands&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you didn't provide much detail as to WHAT you want to do with multiple windows, let's assume for a moment that your application wants to play tic-tac-toe in two windows, and one of each window is responsible for playing the side in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So. once you have successfully created a Selenium instance that can do ONE side of what you're looking to accomplish (check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html&lt;/a&gt; for more webdriver docs -- I'm seeing everything you need there to get most jobs done), it simply becomes a matter of keeping both sides in sequence. You can run both jobs simultaneously and have them report back to a service daemon you create specifically for this purpose, tracking based on time stamps or other sequential data YOU provide arbitrarily to keep the events of each browser window &quot;in step&quot; with the other one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, I can only respond in basic theory because of the limited amount of information I have on your project and my limited experience with Selenium; however, I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2178" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T06:46:13.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2199" CreationDate="2012-03-12T09:46:46.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on what the underlying technology. For Win32 there is Spy++ that ships with Visual Studio. For applications that properly implement the MSAA api's for accessibility you can use UIAutomation, so the tool for that is UISpy which is part of the Windows SDK. For managed .net applications I cannot recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://hawkeye.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hawkeye&lt;/a&gt; enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the application is a IE based, you can use my Control Grabber, which is open source &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingstax.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. It uses code from hawkeye to hook the browser control and then uses WatiN (on a 32Bit machine), to read the entire DOM and spit out code in a format that I want. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T09:46:46.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2789" CreationDate="2012-03-12T10:01:41.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome Habba,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a variant of the problem that is faced by website developers everywhere. Ultimately it needs to be about where do you want to focus your time and efforts. Just like a website, or java client app, no program will run perfectly everywhere. This is the exact reason why Java was referred to as 'write once, test everywhere'. This exact problem of the regression testing matrix is why apple is very aggressive with it's device upgrade schedule and not supporting most devices that are greater than than three years old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at the data produced by &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-versions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;google&lt;/a&gt;, you should be focusing on Froyo and Gingerbread which hold 87.3% of the market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you should focus on the main devices that run those versions of the OS, with mdli and hdpi &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/screens.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;screens&lt;/a&gt; as they have 81.8% of the market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To expand beyond that, I would use a pairwise technique to work out which other devices to test on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T10:01:41.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2768" CreationDate="2012-03-12T10:03:32.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having continued to dig through the currently sparse &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/dotnet/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documentation for C#&lt;/a&gt; I found that the &lt;code&gt;DriverCommand&lt;/code&gt; enum contains the &lt;code&gt;SetBrowserVisible&lt;/code&gt; member. It seems as though it's not yet implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't solve the problem immediately, but it's useful to know...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2152" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T05:16:32.163" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T05:16:32.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1558" CreationDate="2012-03-12T11:13:48.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried using CSS selector to find the button as a descendent of the welcome window?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement Estimates = webdriven.findElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#welcomeWindow #x-auto-7&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2152" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T11:13:48.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2795" CreationDate="2012-03-12T11:41:29.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm reading your question correctly you are asking if you can test multiple windows using the Selenium RC API.  If so the answe is Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;selenium.selectWindow(&quot;Window[Titel/Id/Name]&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; to switch to different windows.  This must be a window that has been opened by the browser controlled by Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can get a list of available windows using one of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.getAllWindowTitles();&#xA;selenium.getAllWindowIds();&#xA;selenium.getAllWindowNames();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T11:41:29.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2701" CreationDate="2012-03-12T12:46:02.130" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not necessary to create a new instance of the driver object. You can use JavaScript to open a new window which is a lot faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To open the window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IJavaScriptExecutor jscript = driver as IJavaScriptExecutor;&#xA;jscript.ExecuteScript(&quot;window.open()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then to switch windows, use the window handles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; handles = driver.WindowHandles.ToList&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;();&#xA;driver.SwitchTo().Window(handles.Last());&#xA;&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(url);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2152" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T22:27:26.073" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T22:27:26.073" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2768" CreationDate="2012-03-12T15:39:36.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may be able to do this by setting driver-specific settings. For instance, let's say you're using Chrome. When you fire up the Chrome driver, you can set Chrome options like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.Chrome();&#xA;capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;chrome.switches&quot;, new List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;() { &#xA;    &quot;--start-maximized&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;--disable-popup-blocking&quot; });&#xA;driver = new OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome.ChromeDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this mechanism, you could start Chrome minimized, if such an option exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know which browser you're using and I'll see if I can track down window-minimization logic for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how to do it in Firefox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;&#xA;// See: http://kb.mozillazine.org/About:config_entries for a complete list of profile settings.&#xA;profile.SetPreference( &quot;browser.link.open_newwindow.restriction&quot;, 1);&#xA;&#xA;// Run driver with this profile this profile:&#xA;driver = new OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox.FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1519" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T05:15:23.103" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T05:15:23.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2471" CreationDate="2012-03-12T16:08:04.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically people hook a continuous integration server up with selenium to provide a web interface. You can use Jenkins, it's open source, and can allow you to execute tests remotely, track success/failures, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also try MbUnit/Gallio instead of nUnit, it provides a much more robust package to perform typical testing tasks, and includes better reporting and metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2182" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T16:08:04.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2790" CreationDate="2012-03-12T21:10:38.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no way of testing this and if I had sufficient rep would make this a comment but I don't so...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you tried sending .Build().Perform() before the key up commands?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions(this.driver);&#xA;builder.KeyDown(Keys.LeftControl);&#xA;builder.KeyDown(Keys.LeftAlt);&#xA;builder.DoubleClick(BrowserHelper.GetElement(this.driver, locator, additionalLocatorPath));&#xA;builder.build().perform();&#xA;&#xA;builder.KeyUp(Keys.LeftControl);&#xA;builder.KeyUp(Keys.LeftAlt).Build().Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I really don't think this will make a difference but the &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html#keyDown%28org.openqa.selenium.Keys%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;API&lt;/a&gt; states: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parameters:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;theKey&lt;/em&gt; - Either Keys.SHIFT, Keys.ALT or Keys.CONTROL. If the provided key is none of those, IllegalArgumentException is thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While you are using Keys.LeftControl and Keys.LeftAlt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2184" LastActivityDate="2012-03-12T21:10:38.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2758" CreationDate="2012-03-13T00:06:39.660" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In such situation, when the tests are written somewhere in Excel or Google docs, it will be a big headache for automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure, to track the automated/not automated tests, you could assign some IDs for manual and automated tests and then track the tests by IDs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course you can mark the tests as “automated” in the spreadsheet but after some time the headache comes… &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The other testers will not rely on the automation and they will&#xA;execute the “automated” tests manually. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The automation based on&#xA;manual tests will have a lot of messy code, because the “manual”&#xA;structure is not always good for automation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The manual and&#xA;automation tests will have their own live and after several months&#xA;those two branches will be completely unsynchronized.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way to solve this problem is making the manual tests &lt;strong&gt;automation driven&lt;/strong&gt;. &#xA;As an approach you could use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://specificationbyexample.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Specification by Example&lt;/a&gt;.  (And here is &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.zhariy.com/search/label/Specification%20by%20Example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;my collection on this topic&lt;/a&gt;).&#xA;As the tools, you could look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FitNesse&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.concordion.org/Technique.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Concordion&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure, you have a huge legacy of manual tests. But why not to start with this approach for new tests and new product functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T00:06:39.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-13T08:55:18.567" Score="6" ViewCount="22430" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using python 2.7.1 and selenium 2.20.0.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have a seperate firefox profile called &quot;selenium&quot; which I want to use when running the webdriver.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I managed to do it by specifying the &lt;strong&gt;complete path&lt;/strong&gt; to the profile as shown below, but that's not very portable code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;profile = FirefoxProfile(&quot;/Users/username/Library/Application Support/Firefox/Profiles/jtokyple.selenium&quot;)&#xA;self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any better way to specify the profile?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="627" LastActivityDate="2020-09-26T23:25:21.950" Title="How to specify a Firefox profile name when using webdriver + python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2813" CreationDate="2012-03-13T14:19:58.943" Score="4" ViewCount="6376" Body="&lt;p&gt;When WebDriver initializes, there is a long waiting time when a browser window launches before the actual automated test begins.  How can I speed this up?  Is there a way to have a browser window running at all times, and just have WebDriver grab onto that window the next time it launches perhaps?  If you have any clever ideas, please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setup: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NUnit, Selenium C# client drivers, Mozilla Firefox driver, using Visual Studio 2010 to write tests (since I'm using the C#.NET client drivers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="948" LastEditDate="2012-03-13T14:33:34.217" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T15:34:13.337" Title="Speed up launch of WebDriver Firefox Window" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2812" CreationDate="2012-03-13T16:44:36.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately the initialization of the firefox webdriver object takes that long and there is nothing you can do about it.  You could set up your tests so that in the [TestFixtureSetUp] method you create the FirefoxDriver instance and then use that same FirefoxDriver instance for all of your tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only potential problem there is that if the browser crashes or hangs (which could happen if you've got bad javascript on a page or for other reasons) then you wouldn't be able to recover, whereas if you start up a new window for each test you would be able to recover.  You should be able to write some code that checks to make sure the browser is open and available before you start each test and if not, create a new instance of the FirefoxDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T16:44:36.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2814" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2816" CreationDate="2012-03-13T17:21:20.357" Score="3" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a server-client environment we want to test / observe interaction of several clients and stress of the server.&#xA;As it's a product the whole company is familiar with (we use it ourselves), I've thought that apart from creating test cases with about one server and two clients run by dedicated testers, we could ask the staff to help us out. Why not dedicate one hour for (nearly) everybody in the company to connect to the server at the same time and do some relevant actions, thus testing the architecture at a larger scale (more similar to our customers')?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.) Have you done anything similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.) Was it worth it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.) How much time was spent? What percentage of your staff / which departments were involved?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.) What problems did you run into? (Esp. were there problems you'd say are typical for this situation?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Thank you all for your answers. They have been really, really helpful. Our testing manager actually considers a bug bash now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1130" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-26T21:51:54.623" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T21:51:54.623" Title="Alpha Testing via Company Testing Day?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2811" CreationDate="2012-03-13T17:27:00.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want it to be portable, you need to have the firefox profile included in your build and copied to the working directory.  You should be able to reference it from there easily.  This will work even if you copy all of your tests to a different machine and execute them there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T17:27:00.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2814" CreationDate="2012-03-13T17:34:23.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty common practice.  At Microsoft we called it a bug bash I have also heard it called a bug hunt, I'm not sure if the industry has a standard term for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, I and many other teams have done something similar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, we nearly always got some good data out of it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As many people as we could get, usually for a few hours (1-4).  We normally got pm, dev, writers, test and sometimes support staff to participate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to be certain to outline the current list of known issues so you don't get flooded with a bunch of already known problems.  You also want to give some examples of things to try so that people branch out from just the basic happy path and really explore.  You also want to try to outline the new features and changes to previous versions so that you get extra attention to those things.  Lastly, if you make it semi-competitive then it can be pretty fun and get more involvement.  You can give awards for things like most bugs, most duplicate bugs (intentionally funny since this is not a good thing), most severe bug, most nit-picky bug, etc.  Remember to reward everyone however, maybe with lunch or pizza or something to avoid problems seen here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2726/bug-hunts-and-possible-alternatives&quot;&gt;Bug hunts and possible alternatives?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T17:34:23.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2814" CreationDate="2012-03-13T18:21:55.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, we've done something like this in the past.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes. For many reasons - performance issues, functional issues, team spirit, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's wasn't very time-consuming for us. QA, Dev, Customer Support were involved&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Didn't really run into any problems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to inviting others to participate, we used a load-testing tool to apply background load which ramped up in steps over time. For the first block of time no load, then moderate load, then large load, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Folks doing the manual work were asked to note the specific time they found any issues so that we could correlate it with the load being applied at the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And we immediately followed it up with a discussion of what the functional aspects did as the system slowed down a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all it worked well for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/automation-assisted-test-fest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/automation-assisted-test-fest.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-03-13T18:43:27.010" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T18:43:27.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2818" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-13T20:02:49.930" Score="2" ViewCount="1314" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anybody used Fitnesse before? I am new to Fitnesse trying to set the automation framework at the Service layer. Any idea of how to do it in Fitnesse and any resources would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2192" LastActivityDate="2012-09-06T00:02:41.237" Title="Service layer automation using Fitnesse" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2796" CreationDate="2012-03-13T20:21:26.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One answer would be to contribute to open source projects as a QA resource.  Most open source projects are desperately in need of some people to beta test new versions and provide feedback as well as in need of automation, unit tests and documentation, all of which could be contributed by a competent test engineer.  This would be a very public display of your abilities, you could point to specific bugs you found and filed and/or specific tests that you automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another would be to write a public blog where you can show off your testing knowledge and help others out as well.  Another would be to participate on sites like this and you could point to answers you were particularly proud of and/or an overall rating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly though, I think employers are going to be interested in having you demonstrate on the spot (during an interview) that you are a good tester by asking you questions like &quot;How would you test a webpage with a form like this: ...&quot; and looking for thorough answers, understanding of all of the types of testing, boundary cases, how/if you would automate it, understanding of how a web page and form works (if that is applicable) and a questioning personality that does not make assumptions.  Any other portfolio type work may help get you in the door, but will almost never get you the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T20:21:26.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2796" CreationDate="2012-03-13T20:47:45.310" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testers too can build up portfolios of projects they may have worked on and prospective employers might carry out testing tests to determine the level of their abilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I'm hiring testers, the most important part is a grasp of concepts. A &quot;virtual portfolio&quot; which demonstrates your grasp of concepts would let you show specific instances where you used a particular concept.  By &quot;virtual&quot; here I mean the ability to say &quot;yes, I did that... let me tell you about the project where it applied&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something &quot;simple and quickly cobbled together to help get things done faster&quot; is a pretty important concept in my shop, and one I look for every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T20:47:45.310" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2012-03-13T23:39:17.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be better if you provide some more info on what language/platform are you using, but, anyway…&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is not really good on handling such windows, so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using Java, then please look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.java-tips.org/java-se-tips/java.awt/how-to-use-robot-class-in-java.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using Ruby, C#, Java, then look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiR&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://watin.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://watij.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiJ&lt;/a&gt;. All this libraries can &#xA;attach to the existing browser by it’s title and handle the pop-up dialogs. I am not saying about replacing Selenium with WatiN, but you can use this library of this specific purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also for .NET you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms747327.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows UI automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, of course, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autohotkey.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoHotkey&lt;/a&gt;. The most simplest way is to compile the dialog handling code in  to .exe file and run it with specific parameters when it is necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T23:39:17.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2814" CreationDate="2012-03-13T23:50:57.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes. This was part of process for major releases at a former company and was done in an ad-hoc way in other companies I was part of.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes. Apart from the reasons Joe states above, having people with different knowledge of the software combined with a different business view often resulted in issues/scenarios the development team hadn't thought of.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The amount of time varied. However, your idea of 1 hour is about perfect. Most people can put aside an hour to run around the software. Any longer, and you begin to be put people off. As for who and what percentage of staff, that is dependent on resource. If you intend to have everyone use the software in a meeting room, then number of seats is your limit. If they are to use the software from their desk, then every staff member could potentially be invited&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are two main issues, one of coverage, and the second of reporting (be it an issue, or conclusions). For coverage, you can split the software to business areas and point people at each one (in order of business importance). &#xA;For reporting, you will receive a plethora of different quality of reports unless you set up a formal report procedure. Usually with this, I send out an email with the major heading for people to use in their report. That way they can just hit reply.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2012-03-13T23:50:57.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2796" CreationDate="2012-03-14T03:48:45.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being able to talk about what you've done with the product (product under test) and how you tested are the biggest parts to expressing your ability to testing. It's all about test framing and then telling your testing story. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Bolton on Test Framing and Testing Stories (via the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/conference/cast-2011/tutorials/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AST website&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test framing is the set of logical connections that structure and inform the test. To test is to compose, edit, narrate, and justify two stories. One is a story about the product–what it does, how it does it, how it works, and how it might not work–in ways that matter to your clients.  The other is a story about your testing–how you came to know and understand the product story.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Framing and creating a story plays a important part (or at least it should) in an interview, working with teams inside and outside your company and even in writing a blog. This can be a major stumbling block for testers when they have trouble explaining what they did, why they did it, and being open to new ideas or admitting things they might never had considered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've got a compelling and accurate testing story for those &quot;cobbled together scripts&quot; you'll do just fine when it comes time to express what you've done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2012-04-04T20:38:50.160" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T20:38:50.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2824" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-14T05:45:54.207" Score="2" ViewCount="24871" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to I find number of test cases executed for a period and number of test cases executed by tester in QC, please explain in me in detail as I am novice to QC&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2193" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T09:34:44.367" Title="How to I find number of test cases executed for a period and number of test cases executed by tester in QC" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2811" CreationDate="2012-03-14T08:35:46.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using WebDriver you can add any addons and change any configurations you want from the programming code. It's not required to create separate firefox profile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2194" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T08:35:46.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2824" CreationDate="2012-03-14T09:34:44.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've answered your question in two parts to give you some flexibility when trying either of these solutions out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To find the number of test cases executed for a period you can use the Live Analysis option from Test Lab. When you add a graph choose the Progress option and accept the defaults this should get you something very quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second part of your question, again use Live Analysis in Test Lab and this time when you add a graph select Summary, change the Group-by drop down to Tester and set the X-axis drop down to Test Set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very likely that your tests are structured differently to mine in Q.C. FYI I have a test suite set as a folder and underneath that I have group of tests grouped as a test set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are more complicated answers where you can create customised reports within the Dashboard module - but as you're a novice Q.C. user I haven't recommended any of those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps,&#xA;Steve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T09:34:44.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2012-03-14T10:18:06.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have succesfull expirience using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/fonemonkey/documentation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FoneMonkey&lt;/a&gt;. Currently looking into &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/nativedriver/wiki/IOSClientAPI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iOSNativeDriver&lt;/a&gt;. Also was using UI Automation from Apple but faced with an issue during running test from the command line, that was required for CI Server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2194" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T10:18:06.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2790" CreationDate="2012-03-14T11:03:10.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had some problems getting Click(element) to work when giving the element to click as an argument. The workaround I use is to use MoveToElement(element) first and then Click() with no parameters. It seems to work reliably. It might work for DoubleClick() too but I'm not able to test it now...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Get your element first&#xA;// I'm not familiar with the BrowserHelper extension so this line might not be correct...&#xA;IWebElement myElement = BrowserHelper.GetElement(this.driver, locator, additionalLocatorPath));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;// Then perform the actions&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(this.driver);&#xA;builder.MoveToElement(myElement);&#xA;builder.KeyDown(Keys.LeftControl);&#xA;builder.KeyDown(Keys.LeftAlt);&#xA;builder.DoubleClick();&#xA;builder.KeyUp(Keys.LeftControl);&#xA;builder.KeyUp(Keys.LeftAlt).Build().Perform();&#xA;builder.build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2152" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T11:03:10.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2012-03-14T11:55:24.103" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;http://username:password@site.com/page&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;instead of&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;http://site.com/page&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T11:55:24.103" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2812" CreationDate="2012-03-14T15:51:23.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can switch to &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/HtmlUnitDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;HTML Unit Driver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; if your project allows this (this might involve some tests update, since FireFox and HTMLUnit drivers have different js engines).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Otherwise, I agree with @SamWoods:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;launch single browser (FireFox) instance before test suite run,  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reuse it in all the tests, instead of launching another one.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;don't forget to clean up the session data when needed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;don't forget to check if that browser window is still around and accessible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-03-14T15:51:23.093" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1256" CreationDate="2012-03-14T19:05:01.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to actually receive an email (and you have a gmail account) with each test run, you can use something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;runScript&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;emailRandom=document.getElementById('email');console.log(emailRandom.value);emailRandom.value=&amp;amp;quot;myEmail+&amp;amp;quot; + Math.floor(Math.random()*11111)+ &amp;amp;quot;@gmail.com&amp;amp;quot;;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a variation of one of the answers for &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/161984/using-selenium-ide-with-random-values/2709476#comment11533256_2709476&quot;&gt;Stackoverflow Question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2035" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-12-26T23:38:05.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-15T06:39:05.150" Score="1" ViewCount="2214" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing an issue with moving large chunk of data from file to TextArea in the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its taking lots of time and inputing data Line by line ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find the code snippet below and suggest if something can be done to make it fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code to read file content using streams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static String readFileDataAsString(String filePath) {&#xA;&#xA;byte[] buffer = new byte[(int) new File(filePath).length()];&#xA;BufferedInputStream f = null;&#xA;try {&#xA;f = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(filePath));&#xA;f.read(buffer);&#xA;} catch (Exception e) {&#xA;e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;finally {&#xA;//Closing the file.&#xA;if (f != null) try { f.close(); } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;return new String(buffer);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code to send File content to UI Field in Selenium is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String data;&#xA;data = readFileDataAsString(filePath)&#xA;we.clear();&#xA;we.sendKeys(data);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also, tried selenium.type(&quot;locator&quot;, data) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T17:59:58.710" Title="Issue with moving large file data to a textarea" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-15T08:39:25.833" Score="1" ViewCount="2243" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a project as a tester in which I have to do the Customer Focus Test (CFT). But I have no idea on how to do a CFT. Can anybody explain me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2201" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-03-16T00:39:50.080" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T15:06:57.373" Title="What is customer focus testing and how do I implement it?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2841" CreationDate="2012-03-15T08:42:58.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you know what the goals are of this Customer Focus Testing - maybe they can help you decide  on a &quot;good enough&quot; approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1471" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T08:42:58.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2796" CreationDate="2012-03-15T13:12:36.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to second Joe's comment.  If you recognized a need, independently implemented something to get it done better/faster and it improved the overall testing &amp;amp; confidence in a project that is a good thing.  If you have done it multiple times even better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be proud of that contribution to your project(s).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When selling yourself that is exactly what you should be showing.  That you are able to help move things forward instead of sitting around waiting for a tool or for someone else to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T13:12:36.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2841" CreationDate="2012-03-15T15:13:53.487" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The features of many software projects are based on customer stories. Stories describe a typical or target customer and describe how that person uses various features of the software to help them perform some desired task. It is also common for these user stories to have a persona (e.g. Jeremy is at a sporting event and uses his phone to take a picture, upload the picture to facebook and twitter with captions, blah, blah, blah.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Customer focused testing is generally when the tester takes on the persona of a customer described by one or more user stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CFT describes a goal, but leaves it up to the imagination of the tester as to how to achieve that goal. It also is great at testing the &quot;look and feel,&quot; and the &quot;real experience.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think where CFT sometimes falls short is that the stories tend to be rather short focused scenarios and don't portray a picture of a &quot;day in the life&quot; of that persona, and may not hit edge cases very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T15:13:53.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2838" CreationDate="2012-03-15T17:59:58.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can set the textarea's value more quickly using the &lt;code&gt;executeScript&lt;/code&gt; method on the &lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/code&gt; interface.  For example, suppose your textarea looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;textarea id='t'&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/textarea&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can set its value like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.executeScript(&quot;var t = document.getElementById('t'); &quot;+&#xA;                     &quot;t.value = arguments[0];&quot;,&#xA;                     data);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This worked for me using Firefox 10.0.2 and Selenium/WebDriver 2.20.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-15T17:59:58.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2850" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2851" CreationDate="2012-03-15T22:35:47.223" Score="6" ViewCount="2225" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using a technique I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://mguillem.wordpress.com/2011/10/11/webdriver-capture-js-errors-while-running-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, to capture javascript errors for testing purposes. It's a technique that is &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8317705/c-sharp-selenium-webdriver-javasript-errors-logging&quot;&gt;frequently&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5865875/is-there-any-way-to-automate-javascript-errors-thrown-in-firefox-ie&quot;&gt;recommended&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4189312/capturing-javascript-error-in-selenium&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt; for those who need to catch JavaScript errors on the fly, and it at least got me something I could work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The implementation is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My web dev put the following into a script called &quot;error.js&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;window.jsErrors = [];&#xA;window.onerror = function(errorMessage) {&#xA;    window.jsErrors[window.jsErrors.length] = errorMessage;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is getting loaded into the  of every page, via an include.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a method set up to return the collected errors to my tests, as an array, like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static Array JsErrorList(this IWebDriver driver)&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        return ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver)&#xA;            .ExecuteScript(&quot;return window.jsErrors.toString()&quot;)&#xA;            .ToString().Split(&quot;,&quot;.ToCharArray());&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch&#xA;    {&#xA;        return new string[,] {};&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When running my tests cross-browser, I've noticed something very odd. On Chrome(18) and Firefox(10) the only thing that ever gets reported back, is the string &quot;Script error.&quot; IE(8) is the only browser that reports the actual JavaScript error text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if the problem might lie in the way I'm invoking window.jsErorrs, but I'm not sure exactly. Could this be a problem with differences between the browser drivers? What has everyone else's experience been? If anyone has any suggestions, I'd surely be grateful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 7 (64bit)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;.Net Framework 4.0.30319 (C#)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visual Studio 2010 (10.0.40219.1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nunit 2.6.12051&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C# WebDriver &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/downloads/detail?name=selenium-dotnet-2.20.0.zip&amp;amp;can=2&amp;amp;q=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.20.0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;InternetExplorerDriver &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/downloads/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.2.0.1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ChromeDriver &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/chromedriver/downloads/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox 10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="545" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-03-16T13:18:51.303" Title="Inconsistent results when capturing javascript errors with WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2850" CreationDate="2012-03-16T13:18:51.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apologies to all for &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5913978/cryptic-script-error-reported-in-javascript-in-chrome-and-firefox&quot;&gt;duplicating&lt;/a&gt; this question. Turns out, that indeed, the failing script in question lives on a separate domain than the place where my error.js was being included from. So, it was indeed a cross-domain trigger of &quot;same origin&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="545" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-03-16T13:18:51.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2852" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-16T20:13:37.560" Score="3" ViewCount="655" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the business owner/QA are writing/running the Acceptance test against the front end of a Asp.Net Mvc Application, is there a benefit to using SpecFlow/Watin or SpecFlow/Selenium over Cucumber/Watir, besides the &quot;all on one platform&quot; benefit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2211" LastEditorUserId="1191" LastEditDate="2012-03-22T19:11:27.197" LastActivityDate="2012-03-22T19:11:27.197" Title="Cucumber and Watin for Acceptance testing in Asp.Net MVC" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;watir&gt;&lt;watin&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2503" CreationDate="2012-03-16T23:25:28.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One solution to your dilemma is to export the results into a spreadsheet after a run and use macros/formulae to compare outputs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the test history page choose file &gt; save as in your browser and choose single page (not whole site)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open that file in excel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I usually use text to columns using the dot as the delimiter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can then use the result column to view your results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy and past into a master list to make comparisons&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used to take it one level further and use a pivot table on another sheet to make my comparison(s). Once you have a pivot table set up, it is easy to change the data it is using. &#xA;The secondary use of the pivot table is you all of a handy set of data to add to reports!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2012-03-16T23:25:28.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2012-03-17T13:49:24.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think about testing the software where the end user is a programmer or a system administrator. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application server that you configure and build applications over. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tool for managing and monitoring distributed system infrastructure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both situations programming, scripting and platform administrating skills can useful well beyond test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding first, I've seen a beta-testing invitation for advanced Python programmers with demanding applications, particularly web applications with databases and AJAX. Testing will require not only testing single APIs, but only build sample applications over it that could stress some aspects of the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding second, I've seen an alpha-testing job offer for people proficient with a Unix/Linux environment and other software platforms like AIX, and Solaris. Many problems here may occur in collecting data, thus in integration with platform software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-03-17T13:54:43.467" LastActivityDate="2012-03-17T13:54:43.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2841" CreationDate="2012-03-17T17:45:35.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you know what is your product primary gole? &#xA;Once you release your product for what reason your customer going to use it?&#xA;How your customer going to use it? &#xA;What can be the client environment(different OS/RAM, for web application different browsers etc) in which you product will be installed and will be executed?&#xA;Do you know what will be the traffic of your product? If yes then create similar scenario and do a proper planning for performance test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think if you know above answers then it will be easy for you to do customer focus testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2213" LastActivityDate="2012-03-17T17:45:35.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2856" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-18T03:26:20.623" Score="9" ViewCount="15237" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What are some tips for writing good release notes? Any best practices or examples? My audience is both my QA department and the executive team.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="639" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:14:56.253" LastActivityDate="2020-05-06T13:32:47.500" Title="Release Notes Best Practices" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2856" CreationDate="2012-03-18T18:04:26.847" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I distinguish between &lt;em&gt;release notes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;release contents&lt;/em&gt;.  (The specific terms do not matter, and you may use different terms than I do). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The release notes is an externally-consumed document that helps users understand what is new in the release.  It usually describes new features.  It may or may not describe bug fixes, depending on the product, the type of customer, and how transparent the company wants to be.  Some product have release notes; others do not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The release contents is an internally-consumed document that fosters communication between teams on a project.  It might start with a high-level description of the release's major themes,  a list of features, and perhaps a list of significant fixed bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question, you need to calibrate your release notes to the needs of your QA and executive teams. Their needs are probably different.  Your executives may only want a high-level description of the project, whereas your QA team may care less about the high-level themes than in the actual features and significant fixed bugs.  (These days I suspect companies rely more on bug tracking systems for bug statistics than in written documents.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You did not mention your customer service team.  Perhaps you do not have one, or perhaps your QA team is also responsible for customer service.  Customer service will probably want both kinds of documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-18T18:04:26.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2858" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2862" CreationDate="2012-03-19T04:37:47.340" Score="1" ViewCount="1754" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just wrote an UAT script specifying all of the use cases step by step (quite standard).&#xA;However the customer is asking us for a UAT protocol and we have no clue on what he means by that. Anyone can explain and/or provide some kind of template or what sections this document should contain?&#xA;Thanks a lot!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2214" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T08:33:55.950" Title="What is UAT Protocol?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2856" CreationDate="2012-03-19T05:47:24.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can list out based on my experience. Release notes need to cover below items &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Details of Release Feature - Whether this release is a feature additon / bug fix / Change Request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prerequisities to run the build - Any prerequisite that is required prior to build installation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment for the build to be applied - You might have some scripts for DB, IIS, Biztalk ..It would be useful to callout the script target to install/run &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duration of Script execution - If the build requires downtime, It would be useful to specify the installation time for critical steps. This would provide good insight on time to install and also estimate production downtime&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log file path / Build Errors - Path to check for Errors / Troubleshooting (Call out if any known issues/ errors)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are couple of items I found useful for QA Team, Production Team and Product Mgmt team as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it Helps..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T05:47:24.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2856" CreationDate="2012-03-19T07:38:36.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using 2 different types of release notes, depending on whether it's a regular release of our software, or an intermediate one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally the software I'm responsible for has one major release a year and it comes with full documentation (user manual, online help etc).&#xA;For this release the release notes contains a section listing the new and modified features and the bug fixes. For the new and modified features there is also some kind of link to the documentation, e.g. &quot;for additional information concerning this feature see chapter 3.2 of the user manual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For intermediate releases, which are necessary due to bug fixes or features a customer needs so desperately that he cannot wait till the next major release, besides the list of new/modified features and bug fixes, there is also a description how to use the new or modified features from the users perspective. This information will be included into the documentation (user manual, release notes) of the next major release of the software. This is also true for bug fixes, which made it necessary to change the user interface or the way of handling the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2215" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T07:38:36.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2852" CreationDate="2012-03-19T09:39:34.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The major benefit for me is that Specflow compiles feature file into the unit tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using NUnit and with this feature I can run my tests written in “classic” style and GivenWhenThen style in one suite. &#xA;Some things look very ridiculous when I’ve tried to describe them in Gherkin (Specflow):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: The edit user page should have button Delete&#xA;Given I am on the EditUserPage &#xA;When I open ‘MyUser’ for edit&#xA;Then I see the Delete button on the EditUserDetailsPage&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine, If I have about 20 such UI scenarios  in one feature, so who will read all this GivenWhenThen mess?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure, I can refine that scenario to make it in one step, but instead of that I am writing a classic unit test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void The_edit_user_page_should_have_button_Delete()&#xA;{&#xA;    EditUserDetailsPage editUser = new EditUserDetailsPage();&#xA;    editUser.Invoke(“MyUser”);&#xA;    Asset.IsTrue(editUser .btnDelete.Exists, “Button Delete should be there”);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the Specflow, I can use classic unit tests and features in one test suite because specflow compiles the scenarios into the unit tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="502" LastEditDate="2012-03-19T23:13:15.783" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T23:13:15.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2858" CreationDate="2012-03-19T11:30:28.420" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a customer asks you for something using words that you don't understand, you must ask for clarification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm guessing that the customer wants to understand how the whole UAT process will work - who does what, how, and when.  But that's just a guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;UAT Protocol&quot; could mean anything to this particular customer.  Guessing and hoping for the best just doesn't make sense.  Be honest and ask for an explanation so as to best meet the customer's needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T11:30:28.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2012-03-19T12:12:53.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an employee of SQS I certainly recommend SQS-TEST-Prfossional:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQS-TEST/Professional provides several means to answer these questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;you can add your own attributes (like &quot;test for customer:&quot; or &quot;test for product:&quot;) to test cases and filter test cases by using these attributes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;you can link test cases with requirements they cover, so could use &quot;Requirements for customer X&quot; and &quot;Requirements for product Y&quot; to link test cases to (that means high level test cases as well as low level test cases). In test execution,  you can than generate manual testing tasks for all test cases that cover a set of requirements, which gives you the desired test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;or, working with multiple projects, you can create a base project with all your test cases that you work on and then synchronize all test cases from this base project into a customer specific project. To decide which test cases are synchronized needs an intial configuration step and afterwards is tool-supported.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further information on SQS-TEST/Professional can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqs.com/en/group/sqs-software.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sqs.com/en/group/sqs-software.php&lt;/a&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2217" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T12:12:53.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2864" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2867" CreationDate="2012-03-19T13:25:18.843" Score="17" ViewCount="1649" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work we use an offshore company to augment several internal departments. I work in the QA team, and concerns have been aired about the level of confidence we can have in the test work we have been assigning to workers at this company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have suggested that it may be a good idea to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingstandards.co.uk/bs_7925-1_online.htm#errorseeding&quot;&gt;error seeding&lt;/a&gt; to get a metric of our confidence level in code that has been tested by this company, and compare it with the same metric as used internally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a technique I learned about on an ISEB testing course, however I have not met many people who have used it in a real-world environment, and so would like some input as to what best practices may be. The following are things which I have thought of, but obviously it would be better to learn from the experience of someone who has tried this before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have developers seed multiple (n) bugs per testable item&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have developers track these bugs in a system that QA is not able to access&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alert the tester for said testable item to how large n is (approx? absolute?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each bug that tester raises, alert them as to whether the bug was seeded or not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My reasoning is that if we make this metric visible and transparent, it will also give testers feedback as to how rigorous their testing is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would welcome input as to any practical issues that may make this difficult or even unworkable. If this is implemented I shall leave an answer updating everyone on my own experience with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:31:01.783" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T15:40:34.943" Title="What are the best practices for error seeding" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2864" CreationDate="2012-03-19T14:19:49.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I do not have any direct experience with this.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Researchers (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.umd.edu/~atif/papers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Atif Memon&lt;/a&gt; at the University of Maryland) use fault seeding to measure the effectiveness of testing techniques.  In that context, the practice makes sense.  I assume you propose to use seeding as an experiment, not as an on-going process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned &lt;em&gt;rigorous&lt;/em&gt; testing.  In a rigorous experiment, you decide &lt;em&gt;ahead of time&lt;/em&gt; how you plan to interpret your results.  Everyone involved in this experiment -- you, your QA team, your developers, and the outsourced team -- will have their own biases that will impact how they respond to the experiment's measurements.  You can reduce the effect of those biases by agreeing on how you will collect and analyze the measurements &lt;em&gt;before you begin the experiment&lt;/em&gt;.  This includes agreeing on a sample size that is large enough to be &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;statistically significant&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to measuring the number of found bugs and missed bugs, it may also be interesting to measure the number of false positives, i.e. the number of reports that turns out not to be bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-19T19:34:35.273" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T19:34:35.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2864" CreationDate="2012-03-19T16:06:37.933" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't been part of a project where fault seeding was used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have, however been part of projects where new metrics were introduced - which is essentially what you are proposing  here.  If my experience is any predictor, you should expect that people will get better at specifically whatever it is you measure, at the expense of everything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, you might expect the testers would get better at finding the seeded errors, and worse at other things.  Those other things might include - helping others, documentation, finding non-seeded bugs, collaborating with developers, etc, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also find that, once the seeded bugs are found, testers stop testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you might find morale issues among the testers (and perhaps developers and others as well).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With any metrics program, consider carefully the unintended consequences and side-effects, on the testers, developers, and others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If this is implemented I shall leave an answer updating everyone on my&#xA;  own experience with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd love to see how this worked out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2015-05-20T15:40:34.943" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T15:40:34.943" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2864" CreationDate="2012-03-19T17:31:01.193" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Joe's assertion that metrics can be badly misused and counterproductive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, error seeding can be a useful way to answer the right question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After we develop a test plan, we generally assume two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The test plan is unlikely to uncover &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; error in the system.  (If the system is large and complex, we can assume some undiscovered errors will remain.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Still, the test plan should be able to uncover &lt;em&gt;many&lt;/em&gt; errors in the system.  (Otherwise, it's not a very well-designed test plan.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let E = the total number of error in system, D = the number of errors discovered by the test plan, and U = the total number of undiscovered errors.  We know that E = D + U, but we can never be sure what E or U are.  However, we'd like to think E/D is close to 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how do we calculate E/D - our error detection rate?  Because we'll never know E or U, we can't!  But we can inject faults into the code, and then run the test plan.  By seeing how many of the known errors get detected, we can calculate an error detection rate in a controlled environment.  Knowing if this controlled error detection rate is high or low might prove instructive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some notes and pitfalls:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This method is designed to collect meaningful data where prewritten test plans are run.  They provide an indication about whether or not these plans are likely to catch errors, or simply lulling testers into a false sense of security.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will only work if the seeded errors are plausible, and striking a balance between being well-hidden and detectable.  If the errors are too easy to find (or too hard to find), the resulting data will be neither accurate nor useful.  Therefore, it takes a fair amount of expertise to seed the errors.  (One possibility would be to remove a divide-by-zero check.  If no test case in the test plan finds the error, then perhaps that points to an area where the test plan could be improved.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The people injecting the faults should be unfamiliar with the test plan.  Moreover, if the test plan isn't already written, those who write the test plan should be completely unaware of the injected bugs.  Otherwise, the two groups will be engaged in a &quot;chess match&quot; of sorts, and the data won't provide an accurate indication of the test plan's effectiveness.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This isn't meant to be an ongoing exercise, so you needn't worry about testers &quot;stopping&quot; after the seeded bugs are found.  This technique isn't used to test the system, it's used to test the test plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joe is right to point out that this technique is not worth doing, unless it is done correctly.  That said, it still has its place in the software testing realm, particularly in organizations that rely heavily on pre-written or scripted tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2222" LastEditorUserId="2222" LastEditDate="2012-03-21T15:28:31.250" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T15:28:31.250" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2856" CreationDate="2012-03-19T20:11:17.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since my company works with multiple clients and releases may or may not affect all of them based on custom features in their install we use Release notes to the development &amp;amp; project management teams to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communicate which bugs were fixed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communicate the new features included with the release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communicate the release version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specify which client is most impacted by the release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communicate SVN revisions and merge targets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our support project manager will then take those release notes and update our product updates page with details that have been &quot;clientified&quot; for public consumption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2132" LastActivityDate="2012-03-19T20:11:17.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2869" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-20T00:30:44.830" Score="1" ViewCount="11107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to run WebDriver tests in parallel using testng.xml. I'm able to run testng tests in parallel by using parameter &lt;strong&gt;parallel=&quot;tests&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; but running with following paramters, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;methods&quot;, &quot;classes&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;testng.xml&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite1&quot; verbose=&quot;1&quot; parallel=&quot;methods&quot; thread-count=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Cart&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.tests1.Minus1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;       &#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Checkout&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.tests2.AddA&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.tests2.AddB&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.tests2.AddC&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;MBB&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.tests3.Mult1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.tests3.Mult2&quot;/&amp;gt;      &#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with these versions &lt;strong&gt;6.0.1, 5.9, 5.14.1, 6.3.1, 5.14.10, 5.10.0.1, 6.3, 5.14.6, 5.5&lt;/strong&gt;. It didn’t seem to work. I also increased thread count to 100, but no behavior difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please point out what I'm missing here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-23T15:18:47.970" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T09:32:22.210" Title="Running WebDriver tests in parallel using testng.xml" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2796" CreationDate="2012-03-20T21:01:47.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way would be to use a tool called Screenr (I work for the parent company), and create Screencasts showing people how to build test scripts.  It has become really popular to do this in the web development and eLearning fields as a way of marketing yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you can actually show a potential employer that you know what you are talking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2226" LastActivityDate="2012-03-20T21:01:47.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2483" CreationDate="2012-03-21T12:53:05.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/6996322/241753&quot;&gt;my answer to &quot;What is the difference between Selenium IDE, Server, RC, 2.0, and WebDriver?&quot; on StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt; for the full breakdown on the differences between Selenium 1.x and 2.x.  But if you're going to ignore the WebDriver API and stick with the Selenium RC API, the only significant difference is support for newer browser versions.  There have been few bug fixes in the RC API, perhaps even none, depending on which 1.x release you're using.  And there have been no new features for the RC API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="815" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T12:53:05.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2795" CreationDate="2012-03-21T13:06:25.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If, by &quot;multiple windows&quot;, you mean &quot;separate browsers&quot;, then the answer is yes, but differently from Ardesco's answer.  In this case, you need to start multiple Selenium browser instances, and then use each one as a separate browser.  We do exactly this to test the online-chat feature of our product, with each browser logged in as a different user and driving them to talk to each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="815" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T13:06:25.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2874" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-03-21T17:52:58.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SIKULI&lt;/a&gt; is a visual technology to automate and test graphical user interfaces (GUI) using images (screenshots).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli includes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sikuli Script&lt;/strong&gt;, a visual scripting API for Jython,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sikuli IDE&lt;/strong&gt;, an integrated development environment for writing visual scripts with screenshots easily.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli Script automates anything you see on the screen without internal API's support. You can programmatically control a web page, a Windows/Linux/Mac OS X desktop application, or even an iphone or android application running in a simulator or via VNC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is developed at User Interface Design Group, MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) and supported in part by the National Science Foundation under award number IIS-0447800 and by Quanta Computer as part of the TParty project. Sikuli Script and Sikuli IDE are both released under the MIT License.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sikuli @ stackoverflow: &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/tags/sikuli&quot;&gt;http://stackoverflow.com/tags/sikuli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Project Sukuli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/docx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sikuli/sikuli&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli's official repository on github&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulfrymire.com/Tech%20Soup/code/sikuli/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli Script in Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/enix12enix/sikuliserver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sikuliserver: invoke Sikuli Script remotely&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-03-23T16:08:06.630" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T16:08:06.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2875" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-03-21T17:52:58.383" Score="0" Body="SIKULI is a visual technology to automate and test graphical user interfaces (GUI) using images (screenshots)." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-03-21T19:04:37.057" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T19:04:37.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-21T18:14:44.617" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;The current method is to click through every dialog, and manually verify all captions have been translated.  One of the major problems with this approach, is that it's very time consuming. This is also error prone, since it's possible that not all error/warning messages have been verified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better, faster way to accomplish this task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Update:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I don't have the ability to change how the application was designed, and no control over the development process. what options are available to insure all text that appears in the application is properly displayed in the appropriate language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="685" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T19:58:21.620" Title="Is there an easy way to verify all elements of an application have been translated?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2877" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-03-21T18:18:47.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/products/eggplant/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;eggPlant&lt;/a&gt; is a low-overhead, non-invasive black-box GUI test automation tool based on image capture and matching techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eggplant_%28GUI_testing_tool%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eggplant is a two-computer system, consisting of a controller machine,&#xA;  where scripts are authored and executed, and a system-under-test which&#xA;  runs a VNC server. Eggplant connects to this VNC server via its&#xA;  built-in viewer via TCP/IP. The system-under-test can be any system&#xA;  that has a VNC server for it. Originally, Mac-only, the controller&#xA;  environment/IDE is now available on Linux and Windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scripting is accomplished using a proprietary scripting language&#xA;  called SenseTalk, an English-like language that is easy to use.&#xA;  SenseTalk is used in conjunction with a &quot;guided record&quot; mode, meaning&#xA;  the scripter teaches Eggplant to navigate a system and verify a set of&#xA;  test steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eggplant can be run from any operating system to any platform,&#xA;  technology, or browser. It can be used for mobile testing, cross&#xA;  platform testing, rich internet application testing, and performance&#xA;  testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since it does not interact with the underlying code, eggPlant is suitable for QA automation and testing of any application including those that can cause problems for other tools such as:&#xA;&lt;br&gt;• Flash&#xA;&lt;br&gt;• Java&#xA;&lt;br&gt;• HTML&#xA;&lt;br&gt;• .Net&#xA;&lt;br&gt;• Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;eggPlant provides automated QA test software that is&#xA;&lt;br&gt;• non-invasive&#xA;&lt;br&gt;• technology agnostic&#xA;&lt;br&gt;• easy to script and use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-03-23T16:07:56.380" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T16:07:56.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2878" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-03-21T18:18:47.270" Score="0" Body="eggPlant is a low-overhead, non-invasive black-box GUI test automation tool based on image capture and matching techniques." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-03-21T19:04:46.307" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T19:04:46.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2876" CreationDate="2012-03-21T19:03:20.677" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are conventions that will facilitate faster testing.  For example, if every translatable caption is fetched from a message catalog, you could merely check whether the message catalogs have been translated.  (Different development environments use different terms for &quot;message catalog&quot;, but hopefully the concept is clear.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to tailor a UI framework so that developers are more likely to use message catalogs rather than hard-coded strings.  In my experience, developers do not like to work with that kind of framework because they are forced to deal with internationalization before they want to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if your developers use message catalogs consistently, there is no guarantee that the translated text will render appropriately on the page.  For example, if a translated string is too long, it may wrap or truncate or impact the geometry of the page in undesirable ways.    If a message contains application-supplied values, it is also possible that the values are supplied in the wrong order.  For example, while the English error message might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File data.txt is missing from directory /home/Tester101&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the Spanish error message might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/home/Tester101 archivo no se encuentra en el directorio data.txt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, regardless of how the application was designed, there is no substitute for scrutinizing every page with your own eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-22T16:21:03.687" LastActivityDate="2012-03-22T16:21:03.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2880" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2883" CreationDate="2012-03-21T19:36:34.637" Score="9" ViewCount="5008" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a way to catch exceptions globally in my NUnit project class library.  So if one of my unit tests throws an exception, I can catch it in one spot.  I don't want to surround each of my tests with a try/catch block.  The reason I'm doing this is to print a nice error message with an explanation of the stack trace.  In ASP.NET they have a method called Application_Error in Global.asax that does this sort of thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2012-09-30T09:32:10.487" Title="NUnit: Global error method/event for handling exceptions" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2881" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-21T19:38:59.673" Score="3" ViewCount="9912" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to clear out session data for a driver instance in WebDriver?  My code is written in C# (and NUnit), but I'm not picky on the language for the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T15:03:45.717" Title="Selenium 2.0 WebDriver: Clearing Session Data" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2881" CreationDate="2012-03-21T19:53:54.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Java, you can delete all the cookies by calling &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().deleteAllCookies()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-21T20:48:59.517" LastActivityDate="2012-03-21T20:48:59.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2880" CreationDate="2012-03-22T00:57:23.063" Score="8" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can create an Even listener:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nunit.org/index.php?p=eventListeners&amp;amp;r=2.5.7&quot;&gt;EventListeners (NUnit 2.4.4)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interface&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The extension object passed to Install must implement the EventListener interface:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public interface EventListener&#xA;{&#xA;    void RunStarted( string name, int testCount );&#xA;    void RunFinished( TestResult result );&#xA;    void RunFinished( Exception exception );&#xA;    void TestStarted(TestName testName);&#xA;    void TestFinished(TestResult result);&#xA;    void SuiteStarted(TestName testName);&#xA;    void SuiteFinished(TestResult result);&#xA;    void UnhandledException( Exception exception );&#xA;    void TestOutput(TestOutput testOutput);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can make the try/catch block less ugly using the delegates (lambda expression)   and closures. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how it works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void Try(Action testCode)&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            testCode();&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Nice Error Here: &quot; + e.Message);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [Test]&#xA;    public void TestO1()&#xA;    {&#xA;        int actual = 5;&#xA;        int expected = 4;&#xA;        Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [Test]&#xA;    public void TestO2()&#xA;    {&#xA;        int actual = 5;&#xA;        int expected = 4;&#xA;        Try( () =&amp;gt; Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual) );&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method Try accepts the code as a parameter and executes it in the try block. So, in the catch block you can apply any necessary formatting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method TestO1 is just a usual unit test without any tricks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The TestO2 has the assertion wrapped with the method Try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try( () =&gt; any line of code here );&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be the same try/catch, but now I don’t need to write a lot of ugly code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="502" LastEditDate="2012-03-22T11:30:30.800" LastActivityDate="2012-03-22T11:30:30.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2876" CreationDate="2012-03-22T10:54:12.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually when you have properly internationalized your application, all the text strings (and other localization elements) have been moved into resource files where they are relatively simple to translate for a particular locale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Internationalization project may be time-consuming, but it makes the individual Localization projects far simpler and far less error-prone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-22T10:54:12.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-22T11:32:52.300" Score="4" ViewCount="1360" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have unit and integrations tests in our project and want to work test driven. One questions that raise up is this: When a ticket is created because somebody found a bug, should we create a small test case just for that bug, or should we include this case in the general tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1139" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T09:51:50.740" Title="Should I write a small test for every ticket / defect?" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2886" CreationDate="2012-03-22T11:54:47.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what the difference is between a &quot;small test&quot; and &quot;general tests&quot;.&#xA;Anyway, we add tests based on bugs to our main test suite, with some exceptions.&#xA;One of the exceptions is the test not being a &quot;small test&quot;, some bugs are difficult and time consuming to replicate or verify.&#xA;Another exception is &quot;not our bug&quot;, meaning a bug in an adjusting module that we are not responsible for (unless it's really trivial to be tested).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-03-22T11:54:47.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2886" CreationDate="2012-03-22T16:40:47.843" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Tim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not create a new test case for every bug.  I believe testing is about managing risk.  If I believe the risk of a a bug reappearing is low, I will test the bug when the developer says it is fixed, but I will not re-test it for every subsequent release.  Judging risk is subjective, and sometimes my judgement is wrong, but I think this way of testing is a better use of resources than testing for every bug that has ever appeared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other organizations may manage risk differently because of the nature of their business, their regulatory environment, or the culture of the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-23T14:08:15.903" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T14:08:15.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2886" CreationDate="2012-03-22T18:53:08.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Creating a test based on a bug is a good way to drive the development and provide an acceptable pass condition for the fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While i agree that smaller bugs that are hard to re-create probably aren't worth building a test around, there may be some merit in seeing how often it does actually pop up and the test does fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2235" LastActivityDate="2012-03-22T18:53:08.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2890" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2933" CreationDate="2012-03-23T00:48:58.303" Score="1" ViewCount="8656" Body="&lt;p&gt;In testing my company's software I do a lot of installations (an .exe file), configurations (two web.config files) and uninstallations on a few servers (Windows Server 2008) during a given release. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question: Is it possible to automate this process, ie. the excecution of the .exe and configuration of the web.config files (simple text edits)? If so how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This is more for saving time than for checking if in the install procedure works correctly.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T15:01:55.647" Title="How can I automate Installation, Configurations of our software?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2890" CreationDate="2012-03-23T10:43:24.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many test automation tools could also automate the installation of the software under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a previous company, the Buildmaster worked for me. He was responsible for producing the weekly build of our software.  At the end of the automated build process, a script executed which installed the software on a set of test servers, initialized the database, executed a Smoke Test, and mailed a report of results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I currently use WinTask for this sort of procedure, but many test automation tools can do the job as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T10:43:24.820" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2890" CreationDate="2012-03-23T15:27:08.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest Fabric:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.fabfile.org/en/1.4.0/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.fabfile.org/en/1.4.0/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to steal thier blurb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fabric is a Python (2.5 or higher) library and command-line tool for streamlining the use of SSH for application deployment or systems administration tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It provides a basic suite of operations for executing local or remote shell commands (normally or via sudo) and uploading/downloading files, as well as auxiliary functionality such as prompting the running user for input, or aborting execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edit&lt;/em&gt; - Added windows specific info&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For fabric with windows have a look at the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.activestate.com/activepython/downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.activestate.com/activepython/downloads&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.activestate.com/forum/installing-fabric-092&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://community.activestate.com/forum/installing-fabric-092&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jonathanholloway.co.uk/builddeploy/installing-and-running-fabric-on-windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.jonathanholloway.co.uk/builddeploy/installing-and-running-fabric-on-windows&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I must admit that fabric is definetly more *nix orientated, but it is a valid option.  I guess i've kind of got used to dealing with *nix servers mainly so my windows machines normally have bash/openssh installed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2012-03-23T21:42:35.447" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T21:42:35.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2886" CreationDate="2012-03-23T15:44:03.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the answer is &quot;it depends&quot;. If you're talking about a unit test, why not? These should be the bulk of your tests anyway, and usually run very fast. &lt;em&gt;But it may not be worth the time or money.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're talking about functional tests, probably not. But again, it depends. Was the bug a cross-browser or OS issue? Was it a logical bug or typo? Will the test give you a satisfactory level of confidence that it wouldn't happen again? What is the business impact if the bug happens again? How much does it cost the company to have you write a test for a particular bug? Is there sufficient ROI or risk mitigation to make it worthwhile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the types of questions that you need to prioritize before you can really determine if a particular bug should have a corresponding test, and the business needs usually take precedence over all else. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1941" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T15:44:03.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2869" CreationDate="2012-03-23T16:07:08.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure that I understand your goal.  Using your testng.xml, when I ran with &lt;code&gt;parallel='tests'&lt;/code&gt;, each group of tests under a &lt;code&gt;test&lt;/code&gt; tag ran sequentially, but the three &lt;code&gt;test&lt;/code&gt; tags ran in parallel.  Is that enough parallelism for you, or is your intent to run all six test classes simultaneously?  If the latter, have you considered putting all six test classes under the same &lt;code&gt;test&lt;/code&gt; tag?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-24T12:17:17.877" LastActivityDate="2012-03-24T12:17:17.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2897" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2898" CreationDate="2012-03-23T16:07:38.563" Score="5" ViewCount="17074" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have many test cases written in C# using Selenium2 Webdriver with NUnit. I have a problem that when a NoSuchElementException is thrown, it is treated as an unhandled exception despite me using a catch block.&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try&#xA;   {&#xA;       element = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ELEMENT_ID&quot;));&#xA;   }&#xA;catch (NoSuchElementException)&#xA;   {&#xA;       // Handle exception...                    &#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand why this is giving me the error &quot;NoSucElementException was unhandled by user code.&quot; I must be doing something wrong but I can't see what...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2152" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T06:34:07.997" Title="Problem catching Selenium Webdriver NoSuchElementException" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2897" CreationDate="2012-03-23T16:28:38.680" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;How Selenium determines whether an element exists and how it behaves when an element is not found seems to vary from one release to the next.  With the current release, it is possible to finesse the problem by switching to the &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; method.  For example, in Java I would do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elements = driver.findElements(By.id(Element_ID&quot;));&#xA;if (elements.empty()) {&#xA;   // element not found -- react accordingly&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T16:28:38.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-23T19:41:10.140" Score="5" ViewCount="5575" Body="&lt;p&gt;You often hear statistics like &quot;$5,000 is the average cost of repairing a defect in production&quot;. While I understand that this varies greatly based on the company you work for, how they manage bug fixes and the salaries of those involved among other things, I'm being asked to find some kind of average. Anyone know where I might find a study or analysis of such things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2238" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T12:33:03.517" Title="Industry Average Bug Fix Cost" Tags="&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2876" CreationDate="2012-03-23T19:58:21.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a difficult one because even if you do get a great scenario where you can get all of the copy stripped out, you could still run into encoding issues in the application or several other things that could screw up a translation like @user246 mentions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some tools have been adapted for a few platforms like content management systems, to help facilitate this.  Internationalization modules and the like for systems like Drupal.  If something along those lines is available, they tend to give a pretty comprehensive breakdown and will even compare one translation against another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Outside of that, if there is a lot of copy to sweep and compare I've started resorting to writing a spider/scraper.  I'm not sure how feasible it would be for an installed/local application, but for web copy it is somewhat of a brute force way to compare text.  If the copy is externalized in any way (.po files for instance) you could use a line-by-line comparison tool such as Beyond Compare to go line by line outside of the application if you aren't into the automation end of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing really compares to your own eyes and/or the eyes of a native speaker of the localized language (for context) though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T19:58:21.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2012-03-23T20:00:02.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may or may not help you, but my guess is that software bug cost is likely &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_law&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;power-law distributed&lt;/a&gt;. This roughly means that there are many bugs that don't cost very much to fix (imagine a bug found from unit test results early in production code; the cost to fix that is essentially zero and there may be several of these kinds of bugs) and that there are a very small number of bugs that have a very high cost to fix (eg round-off errors causing &lt;a href=&quot;http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=MARIN1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rockets to explode&lt;/a&gt;). Quantities that are distributed with power-laws don't have well-defined mean values. Median values are a better quantity in these cases since they're better defined, but I'm still not sure what calculating such as value actually tells you about costs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have any hard evidence on hand for this, but I would be very careful when looking for &quot;average cost per bug&quot; or similar quantities, even with a narrow context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="346" LastEditDate="2012-03-24T00:41:34.097" LastActivityDate="2012-03-24T00:41:34.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2012-03-23T20:23:55.707" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;$5,000 is the average cost of repairing a defect in production&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never heard that.  Do you have a source?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I don't know of any meaningful Industry Average here.  I'd also be very skeptical of anything that would purport to be one.  I do know that many of these sorts of popular truisms &quot;it costs 10 times as much to fix a bug in production as it does before production&quot; are just made up without any real data behind them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think you'd be far better off trying to capture the costs within your specific company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/sitewide.asp?Function=WEEKLYCOLUMN&amp;amp;ObjectId=3223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.stickyminds.com/sitewide.asp?Function=WEEKLYCOLUMN&amp;amp;ObjectId=3223&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I'm being asked to find some kind of average&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interesting. What is the motivation behinds such a question?&#xA;What are they &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; after?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-23T20:23:55.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-23T21:24:29.437" Score="6" ViewCount="6346" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’m trying to run TestNG tests in parallel, right now I’ve set “parallel=tests” &amp;amp; ‘thread-count=25’ but I see that only 10 threads are running at a time. Is this testNG’s thread limit? Is there anything we can do to increase this limit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2223" LastActivityDate="2012-07-22T01:44:41.063" Title="What is the max number of threads allowed for running TestNG tests in parallel?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2904" CreationDate="2012-03-24T00:25:06.303" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;What type of machine are you running it on? Most likely it has nothing to do with TestNG having any type of thread limits (I couldn't find anything saying there were in fact limits) but rather your local box. Thread count limits on Windows or Linux are determined by the stack space. Explanations can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/oldnewthing/archive/2005/07/29/444912.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/344203/maximum-number-of-threads-per-process-in-linux&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On Windows the default stack size is around 1MB so you can easily hit a ceiling around 2000 threads because of resource constraints - although if you are hitting a constraint at 10 threads then perhaps there is some other limit factor? Unless you're using a virtual machine or some other underpowered system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-03-24T00:25:06.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2012-03-24T10:48:26.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Leprecahauns of S/W engineering book (http://leanpub.com/leprechauns ) has a chapter on 'The cost of defects: an illustrated history' where he tries to find the data behind the claim that the later a defect is found the more expensive to fix. &#xA;Might be worth you reading the book to see how a lot of industry myths are exposed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-03-24T10:48:26.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2907" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-24T18:42:56.627" Score="2" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a performance monitoring tool that is capable of generating different performance parameters for web-application(s). The tool should be able to detect bottle necks (if any) and should also be able to calculate the CPU and memory usage of the web application on client as well as on server side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanking in anticipation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2240" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T00:46:48.097" Title="Performance / Bottle Neck Monitoring Tool" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2907" CreationDate="2012-03-25T08:34:57.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;depend on your work. if you want to monitor the performance parameter by applying load. there are various performance test tools available which is capable of monitoring things you mentioned. &#xA;you can try out the tool called java visualVM. it can monitor all the the parameter you need. and you can use it along with Jmeter. to test the performance..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2012-03-25T08:34:57.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2012-03-26T10:44:06.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's common to see graphs in textbooks of the costs of fixing bugs found at various stages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V92E0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Relative Cost to Fix an Error&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The source for the graph is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Engineering-Economics-Prentice-Hall-computing-technology/dp/0138221227&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Engineering Economics&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Boehm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Barry Boehm&lt;/a&gt;, which is probably worth getting hold of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cost of fixing a bug is a metric which probably has little value on its own. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=Software%20Engineering%20Economics%20cost%20to%20fix%20defects&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=2&amp;amp;ved=0CDYQFjAB&amp;amp;url=http://www.semat.org/pub/Main/PubsandRefs/a_short_history_of_the_cost_per_defect_metric.doc&amp;amp;ei=RjpwT6qjB8HOhAeAloCqBw&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNGml4lZL1J7KbJCpx4QTeltABiVRQ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; (Word doc) explains some of the problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cost-per-defect-metric has developed into an urban legend, with hundreds of assertions in the literature that early defect detection and removal is cheaper than late defect detection and removal by more than 10 to 1.  This is true mathematically, but there is a problem with the cost per defect calculations that will be discussed in the article.  As will be shown, cost per defect is always cheapest where the greatest numbers of defects are found.  &lt;strong&gt;As quality improves, cost per defect gets higher&lt;/strong&gt; until zero defects are encountered, where the cost per defect metric goes to infinity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More importantly the cost-per-defect metric tends to ignore the major economic value of improved quality: shorter development schedules and reduced development costs outside of explicit defect repairs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-03-26T10:44:06.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3037" CreationDate="2012-03-26T15:05:01.387" Score="3" ViewCount="160" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question applies more in regulated environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have our software requirements stored in Word documents an enterprise-wide CFR part 11-compliant document vault.  These requirements are reviewed and approved by many organizations.  Turns out that there are additional more detailed requirements which are needed to properly implement features and those are linked and managed within VS2010.  We do traceability fairly manually (at this point) in an excel spreadsheet using the requirements from the Word documents with pointers to test cases which also live in the document vault.  Again, there is quite a bit of review and approval on this part of the process.  We haven't officially called these the &quot;essential requirements&quot; just yet, but it looks to me like they are.  Software developers and testers are primarily involved in the writing, review and approval of the requirements and associated test cases which are being managed within VS2010.  My question is: do others deal with layers of requirements and the associated traceability and how do you handle this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2012-04-20T13:33:49.237" Title="For software development in a regulated environment, do use distinguish between essential requirements and detailed requirements?" Tags="&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2012-03-26T15:22:30.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation is a good option in scrum or agile development only after some baselined workable product is rolled out typically after one of 2 sprints are over ,because till then requirements are quite fragile and attempting automation is not a good option, till then manual testing /acceptance tests at unit level, integration level based on either behavior driven or use case driven/model driven methodologies supporting TDD,do provide appropriate test coverage and defect identification.&#xA;However once we have a workable product,we have some maturity in the test cases, they thought of as ideal and effective candidates for automation against which we can define priorities as defined by the product owner and start working further into building regression suites.&#xA;so as the functionalities build up with subsequent sprints we get a more robust automation regression cycle coming up in shape and over all effectiveness and efficiency of the testing effort increases exponentially.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-26T15:22:30.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2012-03-26T20:32:25.797" Score="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a developer, this is the information I need to solve a problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Steps to reproduce.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that order. Anything less than that results in difficulty in either reproducing the issue or identifying differences in how the requirements are being interpreted. Anything more has the potential to confuse the developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Additional information&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Or why I don't like your edit&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps to reproduce should be a written, ordered list of steps which include as much detail as possible. Be careful when including the following in your report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Screenshot:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only include a screenshot if it &lt;em&gt;adds&lt;/em&gt; to the explanation of the bug.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Do not use a screenshot as a way of proving that a bug exists&lt;/strong&gt;. If a developer is not able to reproduce the issue then there is something missing from the steps. Work with them to figure out what it is (we don't bite, most of us anyway).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Video:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A video is often more helpful than a screenshot because it will often&#xA;include details of steps that are not documented but in general the&#xA;same caution applies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use a specific environment/tool to reproduce the bug, setting&#xA;up this environment/tool should be included in the steps to&#xA;reproduce.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2184" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:22:44.593" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:22:44.593" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="2913" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-26T21:32:02.127" Score="2" ViewCount="475" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you pls share your experience if you have evere tried to automate ASP.NET MVC application testing with QTP , if this web site uses telerik extensions for asp.net mvc3 extensivly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes we know that Telerik has its own test automation tool, but our customers has QTP licences and wants to utilize it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any 3rd party extensions or products that improves QTP vs Telerik compatibility?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1172" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T15:24:47.650" Title="Will any version of QTP with any available extentions support Telerik's controls for ASP.NET MVC apps" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2907" CreationDate="2012-03-26T21:37:03.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Visual Studio Load Testing tools do this and have built in thresholds for a wide range of performance counters that will throw warnings and then errors at certain levels.  You can change the default thresholds as well to tailor it to your own product.  It goes well beyond just watching memory, cpu, network and disk IO and because of the default thresholds it will often alert you to issues you wouldn't have even noticed had they not been set up.  The visual studio load testing tools are included in Visual Studio Ultimate and depending on the setup you use may require additional licensing as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-03-26T21:37:03.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2915" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-27T08:24:24.627" Score="2" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1276/is-there-a-capturenetworktraffic-implementation-in-selenium-2-via-webdriver&quot;&gt;Is there a captureNetworkTraffic implementation in Selenium 2 via webdriver?&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium2/C# to run automated tests of a web app. I need to test the HTTP requests sent with each interaction with the UI. I use Charles to manually view the requests but how can I automate those tests? I'm not a very experienced programmer so I'm not sure - is there a way to do this just using C# to get the HTTP requests that are sent as my Selenium tests are running, or do I need some additional tool/library etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked at the Webdriver documentation and can't see anything there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2152" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T08:24:24.627" Title="How can I automate testing of HTTP requests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2012-11-01T09:53:30.073" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-27T11:29:22.333" Score="3" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;Users of our websites normally come to us via other web based applications our company provides. All these applications are on different servers so we normally end up tailing several logs on different servers in order to follow the users journey as he navigates between applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone, somewhere has mentioned a tool which effectively tails a users journey in the logs across different servers but I can't remember for the life of me what it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this sound familiar to anyone please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure the name was something like &quot;Log Pather&quot;, &quot;Path Logger&quot; or something like that. Searching has proved fruitless for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastActivityDate="2012-10-08T14:05:13.133" Title="Anybody know of any tools for tailing a users path through the logs please?" Tags="&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1250" CreationDate="2012-03-27T11:52:04.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;FlexMonkium is also an option. FlexMonkium: FlexMonkey Plugin for Selenium. It comes with a IDE in firefox for record and playback of Flash based sites. Prerequisite is you need to compile your flash application with the libraries provided for the objects to be recognised&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some links to check are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/flexmonkium/flexmonkium-docs/flexmonkey-setup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/flexmonkium/flexmonkium-docs/flexmonkey-setup&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good tutorial collection is available in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesward.com/2011/03/02/testing-flex-apps-with-flexmonkey-reloaded/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.jamesward.com/2011/03/02/testing-flex-apps-with-flexmonkey-reloaded/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T11:52:04.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2918" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2920" CreationDate="2012-03-27T12:44:10.570" Score="7" ViewCount="35055" Body="&lt;p&gt;in my testing I need to click on a 'link' or a 'button' (actually it just looks like and functions as a link or a button) that is implemented as a div (or span) element. With Selenium IDE, I tried with either clickAt or mouseDown command, both worked fine to successfully click that 'link' or 'button'. However, in WebDriver, it seems that currently there is no click_at method (using Python binding), can anyone please help me on this, or is there any workaround available? Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. As an example, I noticed that in Gmail, the &quot;COMPOSE&quot; button is implemented as a div element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2249" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:55:29.200" Title="How to click a link / button implemented as a div or span element with WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2918" CreationDate="2012-03-27T13:17:28.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Andy, welcome to SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Java API, the &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; interface has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#click%28%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;click&lt;/code&gt; method&lt;/a&gt;.  I think the &lt;a href=&quot;http://readthedocs.org/docs/selenium-python/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Python API&lt;/a&gt; uses the same method name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T13:17:28.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2918" CreationDate="2012-03-27T14:32:19.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apologies - I don't know Python, but in C# I'm able to click elements with any tag by using &lt;code&gt;MoveToElement()&lt;/code&gt; before clicking. This way Webdriver is clicking based on location. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Actions(driver).MoveToElement(mySpanElement).Click().Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something similar might work for Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2152" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:55:29.200" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:55:29.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2921" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2922" CreationDate="2012-03-27T15:34:01.273" Score="9" ViewCount="33188" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to inject a jQuery script into a page if the page isn't already using jQuery?  We have a few pages in our sites where we don't add jQuery if it doesn't need it, but I'm using it to automate the page with WebDriver.  I don't want to test my JavaScript on every browser just for these pages.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example usage of jQuery code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static long GetLongValueViaJQuery(IWebDriver driver, string jQueryCode)&#xA;{&#xA;    IJavaScriptExecutor js = driver as IJavaScriptExecutor;&#xA;    return (long)js.ExecuteScript(&quot;return &quot; + jQueryCode);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T19:16:06.433" Title="WebDriver: Can I inject a jQuery script for a page that isn't using jQuery?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2921" CreationDate="2012-03-27T17:52:14.567" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't tested this, but in theory it should work.  You can use javascript like this to load new js files into memory:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;var scriptElt = document.createElement('script');&#xA;scriptElt.type = 'text/javascript';&#xA;scriptElt.src = jsFile;&#xA;document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(scriptElt);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would need to load all of the jquery javascript libraries and then you would be able to call the jqeury functions as you listed above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T17:52:14.567" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2921" CreationDate="2012-03-27T23:33:52.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my extension method I am using with WatiN&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The parameter Browser – is WatiN’s browser object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also, WitiN required to pass the JavaScript code as a single line. That is why you can see .Replace(&quot;\r\n&quot;, &quot;&quot;); in the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static void InjectJQuery(this Browser browser)&#xA;    {&#xA;        string injectjQuery2 = @&quot;&#xA;               function loadScript(scriptUrl) &#xA;               {&#xA;                   var head =  document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];&#xA;                   var script = document.createElement('script');&#xA;                   script.type = 'text/javascript';&#xA;                   script.src = scriptUrl;&#xA;                   head.appendChild(script);&#xA;               }&#xA;               loadScript('https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.js');&#xA;               loadScript('https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8.16/jquery-ui.js');&#xA;               &quot;.Replace(&quot;\r\n&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        browser.Eval(injectjQuery2);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-03-27T23:33:52.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2926" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2935" CreationDate="2012-03-28T05:53:27.280" Score="2" ViewCount="776" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a newbie at testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The scenario described here is what happens when a user tries to unsubscribe from a conversation using Mailing list manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To unsubscribe the user sends an email sample+unsubscribe@domain.com.&#xA;The subject would usually contain unsubscribe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have some test cases which I can work on, but since this is my first attempt, I feel that I am possibly missing some of the more obvious ones. Are there any guidelines or procedures which I can refer to test the above scenario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are some of the test cases that I have come up with :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the email specifies that it is for unsubscription, the contents in the subject can be unsub, blank as well as UNSUBCRIPTION. I should be able to ignore the case of the subject and handle abbreviations &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;usually unsubscribe messages are sent to a particular email address. But it is quite possible that the user forgets this and sends the email to a regular email id, asking for unsubscription. I should still be able to unsubscribe the user from a conversation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I should specifically ignore the body of a message.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The unsubscription message should not bounce back to the sender. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if I am missing any more test cases, any input will be helpful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2254" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:30:30.020" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T13:30:30.020" Title="test cases for conversation unsubscription in a email" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2012-03-28T06:56:07.147" Score="4" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good and precise title&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Brief description of the problem&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual and expected results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exact steps to reproduce (give as much information as possible i.e. browser version etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen shots where ever possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't put multiple bugs in one bug report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T06:56:07.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2928" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-28T10:42:50.933" Score="4" ViewCount="26204" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my scenario, I need to click the submenu that's only visible when its parent menu is in 'mouse over' status:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MainMenu (button)&#xA;SubMenu of MainMenu (span)&#xA;SubMenu of SubMenu of MainMenu (span)&#xA;SubMEnu of SubMenu of SubMenu of MainMenu (span)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to click the 4th submenu, but it can only be visible when 1st menu is clicked on and mouse over the 2nd, and then mouse over the 3rd submenu. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried with the &lt;code&gt;ActionChains&lt;/code&gt; (python binding) api (&lt;code&gt;move_to_element&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;click&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;perform&lt;/code&gt;, even &lt;code&gt;click_and_hold&lt;/code&gt;) in Selenium WebDriver, but had no luck. Can anyone please help me with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2249" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:51:44.243" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:51:44.243" Title="Click submenu which is dynamicly visible in Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2012-03-28T11:15:16.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Re-testing is just testing whether the bug is fixed or not.&#xA;Regression means after the bug fixing test the other areas also to see the impact of the change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2216" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T11:15:16.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2926" CreationDate="2012-03-28T13:23:38.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do you have so far for test cases?  Hard to say what might be missing without knowing what is covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I notice you said you think you are missing something.  What do you think you are missing?  Is there something that sticks out to you?  Or that you are asking yourself 'but what if...'?  Those are the areas I would start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="172" LastActivityDate="2012-03-28T13:23:38.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2932" CreationDate="2012-03-29T02:20:30.077" Score="15" ViewCount="11365" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been seeing a lot of customers pushing for browser compatibility testing using Selenium. Was wondering whether this is really necessary. The push is mostly due to Selenium grid supporting multi browser test execution in parallel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my knowledge, Selenium is mostly a functional testing tool. So any issue that you find using Selenium will be across all the browsers. What additional value does it have if we find that the same issue exists in multiple browsers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there a better way in which Selenium can be used for compatibility testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T07:25:49.053" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T18:07:04.373" Title="Is Selenium the right tool for browser compatibility testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2012-03-29T04:33:48.757" Score="9" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium solves a large part of cross browser testing. 90% I would say. Selenium is good for web testing across browsers. For UI related stuff adhoc manual checks are sufficient. I used to do manual checks to verify look and feel of UI (Text Sizes appearing small in a browser, Alignment Issues)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Functional UI testing in selenium across browsers verifies Id's exists in the UI, workflows-functionality are fine across browsers. Selenium cannot detect layout issues. You can custom code in selenium to detect java script errors. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There were few tools that I got based on my earlier question on layout bugs. Below tools you can use for Layout related checks and adhoc UI testing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Free Google tool: &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/fighting-layout-bugs/&quot;&gt;Fighting Layout Bugs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webdesignledger.com/tools/useful-tools-for-testing-cross-browser-compatibility&quot;&gt;Useful Tools for Testing Cross Browser Compatibility&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browsera.com/&quot;&gt;Browsera&lt;/a&gt; is dedicated provider dealing with cross browser testing &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://freenuts.com/top-10-free-web-apps-to-test-cross-browser-compatibility/&quot;&gt;Top 10 Free Web Apps to Test Cross-Browser Compatibility&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-03-29T15:51:51.760" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T15:51:51.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2890" CreationDate="2012-03-29T07:44:35.490" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For configurations task I'd recommend to look at so called&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/webdevtools/archive/2009/05/04/web-deployment-web-config-transformation.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web.config transformations&lt;/a&gt;, I've found it quite useful OR just to track each web.config for each configuration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For installation tasks(if you're working in Windows-only environment) I could suggest &lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb897553&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PsExec&lt;/a&gt; for remote launching installations(for *.msi via msiexec and *.exe's as is)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For putting everything together in single executin sequence I'd suggest &lt;a href=&quot;http://nant.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nant&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;WinTask&lt;/code&gt; for scheduling(as guys already mentioned) or &lt;a href=&quot;http://quartznet.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quartz for .NET&lt;/a&gt;(the last one is very powerful but requires writing code in c# or other .net programming language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="222" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T07:44:35.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2012-03-29T07:51:29.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Retesting is basically to execute the test cases which failed in last build. So in other words, Retesting is verifying the fix ONLY.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regress means to go back to some last unstable or less developed state. When a CHANGE is made in a piece of software then we test the application to see what effect that CHANGE has brought in application. First we verify the fix, then see what areas this change has effected and test to see if that area is working fine i.e. there are no ripples. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, when a change is made in application then we have to update our test cases for regression testing:&#xA;1: Add test cases in test suite to verify the new functionality&#xA;2: Remove obsolete test cases which are no longer needed (some old functionality might be longer available after change in code)&#xA;3: Update currently existing to accommodate changed code. For instance, change in code might require some tweaking in steps of already existing test cases &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2261" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T07:51:29.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2926" CreationDate="2012-03-29T10:39:08.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;With the limited information available related to scenario, following are list of few other test cases that can be validated -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What If:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User sends an email for unsubscription but user is not a registered user.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User subscribes and unsubscribes immediately&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same unsubscription requests come multiple times&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same unsubscription requests come at the same time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User tries to subscribe again after unsubscription&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unsubscription request is coming at peak load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Subject contain &quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;unsub&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; not as a word but as sub string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2074" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T10:39:08.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2012-03-29T11:33:27.797" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Selenium is mostly a functional testing tool. So any issue that you find using selenium will be across all the browsers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, that's not actually the case. Some functionality can be broken in some browsers while working in others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, for one of the apps I test, I've seen significant functionality issues going from IE 6 to IE 7 to IE 8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T11:33:27.797" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2931" CreationDate="2012-03-29T16:22:26.173" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated, parallelized, cross-browser testing is a seductive idea, but in my experience, the cost may not justify the benefit.  I do not know whether your customer requests are based on actual experience or the advice of a trusted professional or the unfounded claims of someone in an elevator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may spend a lot of time maintaining your cross-browser tests.  Even if you do not change your product, today's tests may work with today's browsers and break with next week's browsers.  If you decide to leverage Selenium Grid, expect to spend a significant amount of time upgrading to new versions of Selenium and diagnosing whether the latest bug is in your test, in Selenium, or in your product.  (Of course the bug may also be in the browser, but that is outside of your control.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As @Siva mentioned, even if your functional tests run perfectly, you still have not verified browser-compatibility.  No matter what, you still need to test manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a limited testing budget.  The time you spend maintaining your cross-browser tests is time you cannot spend testing in other ways.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, your experience may be different from mine.  I recommend approaching automated cross-browser tests as a limited-scope pilot project.  Automate just part of the app and observe how much effort you spend keeping it running as the product changes and new browser versions are released.  If you are satisfied with the expense, you can leverage technology more aggressively; or if you decide the benefit just not justify the cost, you can throw it away and think about something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T16:22:26.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2890" CreationDate="2012-03-29T18:42:00.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is all command-line based, consider using a scripting language, such as Python or Perl.  In Perl you can probably use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.cpan.org/~rgiersig/Expect-1.15/Expect.pod&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Expect library&lt;/a&gt; to handle the .exe prompt and do the file editing in Perl. To get Perl running in a windows environment, get a windows version &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perl.org/get.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. You may also be interested in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cygwin.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cygwin&lt;/a&gt;. Finally, if you need to run this automation remotely, check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.cpan.org/~jfried/Net-SSH2-Expect-0.1/lib/Net/SSH2/Expect.pm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Net::SSH2::Expect module&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2263" LastActivityDate="2012-03-29T18:42:00.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2012-03-30T00:14:50.403" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;To expand on the link Phil K mentioned. Cem Kaner published a paper entitled &quot;Bug Advocacy&quot; which you can read about in a 100 page PDF at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/bugadvoc.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/bugadvoc.pdf&lt;/a&gt;. It also forms the basis for the second BBST course. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kaner outlines 4 major points of Bug Advocacy: (quoted directly from page 10.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The point of testing is to find bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bug reports are your primary work product.&lt;/strong&gt; This is what people outside of the testing group will most notice and most remember of&#xA;  your work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The best tester isn't the one who finds the most bugs or embarrasses the most programmers. The best tester is the one who gets&#xA;  the most bugs fixed.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Programmers operate under time constants and competing priorities. For example, outside of the 8-hour workday, some programmers prefer&#xA;  sleeping and watching Star Wars to fixing bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A bug report is a tool that you use to sell the programmer on the idea&#xA;  of spending her time and energy fixing a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never really thought of it that way - bug reports as our primary work product. Something we can point to and say &quot;this is what I did&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't finished reading it and I'm sure a lot of it applies to the things previously mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think Kaner mentions this, but I think it's important to remember there is a &lt;strong&gt;difference between bugs and issues&lt;/strong&gt;. Bugs are anything that threatens the value of the product while issues are anything that threatens of the value of testing (or the value of the project and in particular the value of testing). &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2011/01/youve-got-issues/&quot;&gt;Rapid Software testing&lt;/a&gt; teaches us that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-03-30T00:14:50.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2941" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-03-30T07:05:14.953" Score="3" ViewCount="2331" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Win 7 Ultimate edition and i have installed Load Runner 9.10. I have added an exception to the firewall in order to allow vUser Generator. The problem is whenever I try to record a script (by clicking on start recording ) IE8 in not launched and recorder shows 0 events recording.&#xA;Here are few more details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performing load testing on : HP tours (inbuilt sample site)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have I started the server for HP tours : Yes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Program (browser used for recording) : IE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using default recording settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your help will be appreciated. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2265" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-03-30T13:31:02.053" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T10:29:28.637" Title="Load runner is unable to launch IE8 while recording?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2637" CreationDate="2012-03-30T13:06:58.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try getting all button values into an array and then select whichever you need.&#xA;In Selenium API we have &lt;code&gt;getAllButtons()&lt;/code&gt; method through which we can get all button's ids.&#xA;Store this into an array as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String allbuttonIds [] = selenium.getAllButtons();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then access the button whichever you want by index.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2267" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T23:45:22.023" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T23:45:22.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2941" CreationDate="2012-04-02T06:23:07.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Load Runner 9.10 does not support windows 7 and IE8(even LR 9.50 is not completely supported on Win 7). If Windows 7 is your primary platform then you need to upgrade to Load Runner 11 otherwise use Windows XP. &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Here is a link if you need more details &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jds.net.au/tech-tips/loadrunner-in-windows-7/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.jds.net.au/tech-tips/loadrunner-in-windows-7/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2272" LastActivityDate="2012-04-02T06:23:07.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2945" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-02T13:43:34.970" Score="0" ViewCount="16400" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for shortcut Keys which can be used during execution. Below are the keys that I am aware of. Hope this helps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;R&lt;/kbd&gt;: Begin Run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;A&lt;/kbd&gt;: All Test Steps Pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;P&lt;/kbd&gt;: 1selected step pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;G&lt;/kbd&gt;: All test Steps Fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;F&lt;/kbd&gt;: 1 selected test fails&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;Q&lt;/kbd&gt;: End the execution run and saves the run result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a shortcut key which can be used for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Blocking a single step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Blocking all the steps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2274" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-16T20:15:29.763" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T04:52:56.840" Title="QC 10: Shortcut keys for blocking a single step/all the steps?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2945" CreationDate="2012-04-02T14:26:03.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming this is an HP Quality Centre request, these are the available shotcuts as of version 9.2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Lab Module Shotcuts&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Lab Module&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ALT+N - Creates a new test set&#xA;CTRL+A - Adds test to test set&#xA;CTRL+DELETE - Removes test from test set&#xA;CTRL+F9 - Runs test&#xA;CTRL+ALT+F9 - Runs test manually&#xA;CTRL+SHIFT+F9 - Continues manual run&#xA;ALT+F9 - Runs test set&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Runner Module&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL+Q - Ends the run&#xA;CTRL+R - Begins the run&#xA;CTRL+K - Cancels the run&#xA;CTRL+U - Adds attachments to the test run &#xA;CTRL+B - Adds a new defect&#xA;CTRL+S - Adds attachments to the test step&#xA;CTRL+P - Passes the selected test run steps&#xA;CTRL+F - Fails the selected test run steps&#xA;CTRL+A - Passes all the test run steps&#xA;CTRL+G - Fails all the test run steps&#xA;CTRL+UPARROW/CTRL+DOWNARROW - Selects the previous or next test step&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They may well have added more/tweaked some in later versions.  Generally have a look at Appendix B in the user manual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt; - Expanding answer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be clear my answer boils down to &lt;strong&gt;There is no documented way in QC to do this as of 9.2&lt;/strong&gt; (and I'm pretty sure that hasn't changed in 10.0).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As QC is a HTML based application you could view the html source to double check this for yourself, see the following to see how accesskeys/hotkeys are added to html:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://techsupt.winbatch.com/TS/T000002021F3.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://techsupt.winbatch.com/TS/T000002021F3.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/forms/accesskey.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/forms/accesskey.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2012-04-03T08:28:49.927" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T08:28:49.927" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2947" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2983" CreationDate="2012-04-02T16:42:29.220" Score="1" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;What advice can you give for encouraging Project managers, and Developers to factor in tests for purposes of proving an &lt;strong&gt;application system's performance, resilience, capacity, scaleability&lt;/strong&gt; etc beyond the testing conducted at unit testing stage. There is more emphasis/reliance  on citing the efficacy of the design concept (and Unit testing) as the sole  insurance for meeting such requirement. In short, also assuming that the system will run as designed under the less controlled circumstances i.e PROD like it did in the unit tests.&#xA;Consequently, we may not see monitoring / evaluations of performance results from  the functional tests conducted in the UAT period. &lt;strong&gt;We need to use UAT gauge the underlying system performance to see if there are performance limitations under more production-like circumstances&lt;/strong&gt; when  all the processing chains are integrated for the first time. However, we are finding that the project solely focuses on the Business results.&#xA;See also article    &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1439/why-is-separating-functional-and-non-functional-test-important-or-not&quot;&gt;Why is separating functional and non-functional test important (or not)?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2276" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T14:09:32.853" Title="Promoting Non-Functional Testing" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-04-02T22:56:35.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, you're going to have to understand the Project Managers and Developers that you work with.   Not knowing them it is hard to understand what sort of arguments might persuade them.   Think back on arguments you've had with them, what kinds of arguments did they use to try to persuade you.  In all likelihood a similar form of argument will likely hold sway with them.  For instance, if they are always pointing at customer data, you need to form your argument using customer data in some way.  Talk to them in their own voice.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also possible you can also appeal to company culture in some way.   If your company prides itself on being frugal, thorough, well-designed or user-friendly those are the terms to use when forming your argument.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally,  I think you need to clarify in your own mind what you're trying to accomplish.  Don't test in a vacuum.   How is better performance testing, for example, going to further your companies business goals?  Can you explain your reasons to yourself or to a teammate in a clear single sentence?  Spend some time tearing your own ideas apart, make sure they're defensible.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2278" LastActivityDate="2012-04-02T22:56:35.323" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-04-03T06:28:07.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I lost you somewhere along the question...&#xA;Anyway, upper management are usually convinced by showing them the ROI, for example if you can show problems that could have been detected and solved during a non functional testing phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T06:28:07.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2958" CreationDate="2012-04-03T12:56:31.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try Lisa Crispins book on Agile Testing, that goes through a lot of the testing types. She also has a lot on her blog - try this one &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/wordpress/category/agile-testing-quadrants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;agile testing quadrants&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T12:56:31.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-04-03T14:55:25.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my org, we have 'bug bashes'. Besides structured testing, you invite others who are not very familiar with the feature to have a go at it with the sole intention of destroying the software. Anything and everything is fair game. We've found that this uncovers the most number of bugs. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1683" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T14:55:25.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2890" CreationDate="2012-04-03T15:01:55.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried executing the installer from the command line using /?&#xA;Most installers will give you a list of supported parameters. Usually something like /Q installs the software quietly with default parameters and options. /l specifies a log file. Also, installers (depending on your situation) accept 'answer files'. These are usually just XML files that have answers to questions that the installer asks, such as location to install, even product keys, users to install for etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1683" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T15:01:55.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2841" CreationDate="2012-04-03T15:06:57.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides knowing what CFT is. I would highly recommend you speak with your manager about this. It is important to know what they think it is and what they would like for you to do. It doesn't matter if you do the right thing and then find out they meant something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CFT mostly revolves around user scenarios. Instead of test cases (atomic ones at that), use scenarios that perform a particular task from a user/customer's perspective. For example, if your product was the paint tool that ships with windows, one scenario could be print screen, paste and then save file. This as opposed to 1 test case that tests file saves, another one that tests copy pasting to canvas and so on. This gives you an amazing advantage of verifying if a scenario works completely. Your product might work in pieces but what if it is a pain to complete simple tasks that the user/customer would perform on a daily basis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1683" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T15:06:57.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2913" CreationDate="2012-04-03T15:24:47.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a bit of searching, it does not look like there is any QTP support for those controls. You can however develop your own extensibility plugins to work with them. Check out QTP's help files for more info on how to do this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T15:24:47.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2958" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-03T11:08:44.567" Score="7" ViewCount="576" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have been reading up on a lot of books surrounding testing. But all the books I've read have the same flaws. They will all tell you the definitions of testing. But I have not found a single book that will guide you into integration testing (or pretty much anything higher then unit testing). Is integration testing that elusive or am I reading the wrong books?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a hands on person, so I would appreciate it if someone could help me with a simple program:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say you need to make some sort of calculation program that calculates something (doesn't matter what) and exports it to  *.txt file. Let's assume we use the Model View Controller design principle. And one class for the actual calculating which you'll use in the model and one for writing the textfile. So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;View =&gt; Controller =&gt; Model =&gt; CalculationClass, FileClass&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for unittesting: You'd test the calculationClass, I'd personally focus most of my unit tests there. And less time on unit testing the view/controller/FileClass. I personally wouldn't see the use of unittesting those unless you want a really robust program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration testing: Now this is where I run into a wall. What would I have to test to call it an integration test? I could stub the view and feed the controller data which it would pass on to the model and so forth. And then check what the view gets back in the end. But ... Couldn't I just run the (in this case small) program then and test it manually? Would this be considered a integration test too, or does it have to be automated? Also, can I check multiple items to see if they are correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot seem to find any book that offers a hands on approach to methods of integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2283" OwnerDisplayName="Enthusiastic Programmer" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T20:46:13.993" LastActivityDate="2020-05-14T09:55:16.450" Title="How to do integrated testing?" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2958" CreationDate="2012-04-03T11:36:09.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Couldn't I just run the (in this case small) program then and test it manually?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, that can be considered to be an integration test. The question is how often do you expect that test to be repeated, and how much effort will it take to automate the process. If you think that test needs 5 minutes, and automating it takes 5 days, then you can make a lot of manual tests before it pays to write an automatic test. On the other hand, in a real scenario, you will often have to test a lot of more processes, each process will take more than 5 minutes to test, and you will have a framework like  &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/&quot;&gt;FitNesse&lt;/a&gt; helping you writing integration tests faster. The former link leads also to a book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2288" OwnerDisplayName="Doc Brown" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T11:36:09.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2958" CreationDate="2012-04-03T12:52:34.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To give you an example, on my last project, our integration tests ran like a story across a set of services all the way down to the database layer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had a service method that created something and one that read it back out by ID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So one integration tests calls the service method to create, then read it back using the Get service method and compare data. That's the basic idea anyway, we had lots of longer &quot;stories&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each integration test we tore down and rebuilt the DB from scratch including static data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Ozz" LastActivityDate="2012-04-03T12:52:34.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2975" CreationDate="2012-04-04T02:08:04.867" Score="5" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;While surfing today, I found &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.aalto.fi/display/~mmantyla@aalto.fi/Benefits+and+Limitations+of+Automated+Software+Testing+Systematic+Literature+Review+and+Practitioner+Survey&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; on attitudes on automated software testing among academics and practitioners. Since I am currently an automated tester in industry, I agree with the practitioner side of the story: automation definitely can help with fault detection but isn't a guarantee, and there's no way all automation should be automated. Some academic testing researchers, apparently, believe that it is possible to have complete (100%) automated testing. (For the record, both groups believe that automation increases repeatability and saves tester effort). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this true? In my short experience, the idea that all testing can (or should be) automated makes little sense to me and has almost no utility in practice. Are there academics that follow this line of reasoning? Perhaps there's some theoretical value in 100% automated testing, but I don't know what it could be.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="346" LastEditDate="2012-04-04T13:11:03.230" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T16:40:24.390" Title="Do Academic Researchers in Automated Software Testing Believe All Testing Can Be 100% Automated?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2961" CreationDate="2012-04-04T02:51:54.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure it is productive to debate whether academics (all of them?) believe a certain thing that practitioners (all of them?) do not believe.  (&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: @joshin4colours subsequently clarified that he is only asking about &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; academics, not &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; of them.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article in question describes a literature review and an online survey.  The literature survey attempts to discover what academics and practitioners believe by analyzing many papers by different authors about different subjects.  Consider the amount of indirection that goes into that process, and the opportunities for error.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider too the opportunities for error that go into an online survey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the article is interesting, it is only one data point, the aggregate opinion of four researchers in Sweden.  I would not assume that it represents the whole truth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a former grad student, you understand how an academic's priorities can be different from a practitioner's.  It is not surprising how the two groups might reach different conclusions.  Of course, the conclusions are only the distillation of many kinds of experience.  More interesting than the conclusions might be a deeper understanding of those experiences.  You might believe 100% automation is impossible, and I might not, but by talking with each other, we both benefit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-04-04T12:56:01.877" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T12:56:01.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2963" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-04T04:18:35.543" Score="5" ViewCount="6086" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded SoapUI trial from &lt;a href=&quot;http://soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI site&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;went to the following page:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/Getting-Started/your-first-soapui-project.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.soapui.org/Getting-Started/your-first-soapui-project.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;created a soapUI project;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;added following WSDL:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mobilefish.com/services/web_service/countries.php?wsdl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mobilefish.com/services/web_service/countries.php?wsdl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and when I click ok I get the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error loading&#xA;  [&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mobilefish.com/services/web_service/countries.php?wsdl]&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mobilefish.com/services/web_service/countries.php?wsdl]&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;  org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException: org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException:&#xA;  error: Unexpected end of file after null&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody please help me to sort out this error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2291" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-28T15:03:56.663" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T02:13:20.580" Title="Problem in First soapUI Project" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2945" CreationDate="2012-04-04T05:57:26.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried accessing the source for QC, but when the manual run pop-up block opens, I cannot access the source. So, I guess would have to do with selecting the respective test cases for blocking them. But thanks a lot, for the info about adding hotkeys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2292" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T05:57:26.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2961" CreationDate="2012-04-04T07:54:28.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not just academics - browse LinkedIn or the STC ( there's a recent discussion happening now ) and you'll find recruiters and testers saying that it is or thinking that it is a goal worth striving for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T07:54:28.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2961" CreationDate="2012-04-04T07:58:20.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quoting the article- &quot;The &lt;strong&gt;vision&lt;/strong&gt; of automated testing aims at 100% automation&quot;&#xA;Vision, not a must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least the way I see it, achieving 100% automation would be a great thing. I do know however that with the current tools some tests can't be automated, but who knows what the future will bring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the benefits they specifically say &quot;We think that this is caused by publication bias regarding the beneﬁts&quot; meaning that success stories are being widely published while failures are kept in the dark (also known as the  &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publication_bias&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;file drawer effect&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The quoted article &quot;Software Testing Research: Achievements, Challenges, Dreams&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1254712&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;) refers to 100% automation as a dream, or an ultimate goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2012-04-04T08:31:59.047" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T08:31:59.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2757" CreationDate="2012-04-04T08:42:22.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try out below code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;store | http://www.exampleUrl.com/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/-|845290 | URL&#xA;store | 1 | delimiter&#xA;store | javascript{storedVars['URL'].split('/-|')[storedVars['delimiter']]} | result&#xA;echo  | ${result}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Result will be  - 845290 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1998" LastEditorUserId="1998" LastEditDate="2012-04-05T05:42:49.793" LastActivityDate="2012-04-05T05:42:49.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2963" CreationDate="2012-04-04T09:29:18.990" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The link for the WSDL appears to be invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try using a different WSDL e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://dic.googlecode.com/files/GoogleSearch.wsdl&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dic.googlecode.com/files/GoogleSearch.wsdl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T09:29:18.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2961" CreationDate="2012-04-04T11:29:39.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a known fact that not all testing can be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anybody disagrees stick a site with a CAPTCHA in front of them and tell them to automate some functionality that requires you to fill in the CAPTCHA correctly, then stand back and laugh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation is good for regression, it's good for proving that known functional paths work correctly.  It is not good for exploritory testing and it is not good for accessibility/usability testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally I would always advocate putting users in front of something to check the look and feel, automation cn't really tell you if the look and feel is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T11:29:39.563" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2971" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2982" CreationDate="2012-04-04T14:46:17.790" Score="2" ViewCount="8266" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an easy way to find a child element from another element?  We have a set of containers which hold many modules, and I'd like to ensure that they are displaying in their proper locations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The API only seems to have the following method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webElement.findElement(s).(By by);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an easy way to do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webElement.findElement(s)(WebElement webElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-04-04T15:27:52.603" LastActivityDate="2012-04-24T14:20:57.480" Title="How to determine whether a WebElement is a child of another WebElement?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2971" CreationDate="2012-04-04T15:50:34.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know of a WebDriver API that will determine whether an element is a child of another.  Here is an option: determine the XPath of both elements, then compare the XPaths to determine parentage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use Javascript to determine an element's XPath.  See for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://snippets.dzone.com/posts/show/3754&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://snippets.dzone.com/posts/show/3754&lt;/a&gt;.  You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/FrequentlyAskedQuestions#Q%3a_How_do_I_execute_Javascript_directly?&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver's &lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/code&gt; interface&lt;/a&gt; to execute the Javascript.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not have a handy function to compare XPaths, but perhaps you can figure out that part on your own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T15:50:34.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2961" CreationDate="2012-04-04T16:40:24.390" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, there's a bit of a distinction here - namely between whether something CAN be automated and whether it SHOULD be automated. Just about anything software does can be automated, but whether it should be is an entirely different matter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if you're going to test whether a printout matches the on-screen display, the manual method is, more or less, print it, walk to the printer, get the printout, hold it up against the screen and eyeball it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could automate this: you could build a mechanical catch into the printer to detect when a page is printed (or a robot to move the page somewhere visible, depending on printer model), use a webcam to capture an image of the printed image, then use either fuzzy image comparison or OCR to validate the data in the printout. (I don't recall who it was, but someone did actually do this as proof-of-concept).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's pretty obvious which method here is easiest and has most benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Academics can and often will lean toward the theoretical approach that anything generated by software can be automated. Practising testers will usually lean toward the practical approach of not automating if it's going to take too long and be too fragile (I won't go into the robotic finger to test a pin pad or a biometric fingerprint reader). A rule of thumb is that the more things that have to be strung together to perform the test, the more fragile any automation of it will be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short answer is that yes, it is possible to have 100% automated coverage, but there are very few situations where you would want to have 100% coverage (I have to admit it would be rather amusing to have an automated test robot trundling around the test lab operating turnstiles, pinpads, and other devices. I just wouldn't want to be the one maintaining it.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T16:40:24.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2976" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-04-04T17:08:24.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://soapui.org/About-SoapUI/what-is-soapui.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;soapUI&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/about-soapui-pro/soapui-pro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;soapUI NG Pro&lt;/a&gt; are part of the ReadyAPI Suite of desktop applications for inspecting, invoking, monitoring, and simulating/mocking as well as functional testing, security testing, load testing, compliance testing and surveillance testing of REST/WADL and SOAP/WSDL-based Web Services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has free version and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/About-SoapUI/compare-soapui-and-soapui-pro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;commercial Pro version&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross-platform: built entirely on the Java platform and uses Java Swing as the GUI;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supports IDEA, Eclipse and NetBeans.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;soapUI homesite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/soapui/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;soapUI on sourceforge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T08:51:02.740" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T08:51:02.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2977" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-04-04T17:08:24.130" Score="0" Body="soapUI and soapUI NG Pro are part of the ReadyAPI Suite of desktop applications for inspecting, invoking, monitoring, and simulating/mocking as well as testing of REST/WADL and SOAP/WSDL-based Web Services." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T08:50:58.717" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T08:50:58.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2971" CreationDate="2012-04-04T21:57:41.703" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find only children of an element like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement parent = FindElement(...);  //However you want to find the element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IWebElement childDivs = parent.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;div&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would find you all child div's of that parent element, you can adjust the xpath to get you whatever you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you already have the child and you want to find the parent you can do something similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement child = FindElement(...); //However you want to find the element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IWebElement parent = child.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;..&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could then do whatever validation that you wanted to ensure that the parent is the element you were expecting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-04-04T21:57:41.703" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-04-05T14:09:40.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to connect the dots.  There are at least three messages to convey: your production system has problems that are worth worrying about; those problems result from your shortcomings in your organization's current practices; and the best way to address those shortcomings is to introduce new tests, i.e. to use your terminology, additional UAT-level tests focusing on the application system's performance, resilience, capacity, and scalability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You did not describe the nature of your production problems.  You also did not say whether the project manager and developers are aware of those problems or share your concerns about them.  Your first message may need evidence about the frequency/severity/impact of those problems.  Specifics are more compelling than a general sense of unease.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes production problems are caused by factors downstream from the development team. Your second message needs evidence that these problems could be traced back to the development team and not, for example, to sloppy practices in the production team or infrastructure problems at your ISP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, your need a persuasive argument that investing time in new UAT-level tests is more important than other things, because there are always other things.  Adding tests may slow your delivery time, require spending more money on headcount and/or hardware, and/or delay the introduction of important new features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-04-05T16:24:40.440" LastActivityDate="2012-04-05T16:24:40.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-04-05T16:16:02.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Project managers ultimately report to a more senior person about how the project is going.  By performing more types of testing, you can give the PM more ammo to provide to the senior mgmt about how reliable, scalable the system is and - assuming this is a problem across the company - how innovative the project is.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this you will need to be able to quantify the effect of the extra testing you are doing, otherwise it will be seen as wasted effort.  Give the PM a graph of how the speed of the system has improved over time.  The PM can then show that to senior management and you both look good.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2301" LastActivityDate="2012-04-05T16:16:02.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2971" CreationDate="2012-04-06T13:17:47.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With it being said that the annotation is basically being discarded once located, I'm just going to create my own ElementLocatorFactory, which is similar to the DefaultElementLocatorFactory.  Since a SearchContext is needed to create the locator (which WebElement implements), I basically force the parents to be located first, then look for my child elements and catching exceptions where needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was just hoping I had missed something in the core API that would allow for this functionality.  I've also added a feature request in the google code repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2043" LastEditorUserId="2043" LastEditDate="2012-04-24T14:20:57.480" LastActivityDate="2012-04-24T14:20:57.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2012-04-08T05:53:10.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suggest having dedicated Non-Functional (NF) Test Management practice separate from the functional practice (UAT etc.).  Also NF needs to be much more closely aligned to (i) Infrastructure Architecture, and (ii) Production Systems Management.   Also have the NF testing as separate test phases with separate governance.  Have used this approach successfully with a number of clients and it works much better than having combined Functional and Non-Functional.   Be prepared for Functional Test Management to want to govern NF -  they will always fail to understand it and miss-govern.  The separation really needs to be at the CIO level.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2311" LastActivityDate="2012-04-08T05:53:10.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="2990" CreationDate="2012-04-08T18:03:50.007" Score="5" ViewCount="1607" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any cases when error 500 is acceptable to be returned? Or should we always try to handle all server-side exceptions and return another code with a user-friendly informative error message?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2313" LastEditorUserId="2313" LastEditDate="2012-04-08T18:21:30.937" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T07:02:34.547" Title="Is HTTP status code 500 acceptable to be shown to a user?" Tags="&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2984" CreationDate="2012-04-08T19:25:51.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In production, our web application shows a friendly message.  While manual testing, we set a test flag that allows a stack trace to appear in the browser.  When we are penetration testing or stress testing, we surface the HTTP 500.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-04-08T19:25:51.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1939" CreationDate="2012-04-09T08:25:03.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apple recommends that you first install the current app version from App Store. Then install an ad hoc build of the updated app through iTunes. (Do not use Xcode to install or run updates to your app for quality assurance testing.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#technotes/tn2285/_index.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/DTS40011323&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing iOS App Updates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2316" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T08:25:03.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2012-04-09T10:50:53.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Retesting: Retesting is the process in which tester verify that defect reported by him is fixed by the development team or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression Testing: Regression Testing is the process in which tester verify that when the defect is fix  by the developer by some code change ,then this code change does not impact the other functionality of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2297" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T10:50:53.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1271" CreationDate="2012-04-09T11:14:57.833" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The above answer is not a possible solution because selenium.getElementPositionLeft(&quot;elementLocator&quot;); returns a number and not a string and not just that it also gives an error which says that we cannot make static reference to non static methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2318" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T11:14:57.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2984" CreationDate="2012-04-09T22:34:28.217" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. If you ask a normal person (i.e. a non geek) they will most likely think that they have done something wrong. You should always try and be as user friendly as possible. Also the stack trace should never be visible in a production system as that is exactly what hackers are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing we used to do was in a test environment was to surface the stack trace in the HTML source as comments so the test automation can easily access it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I have seen white text on white background to display the text in production, so you only needed to highlight the white section to see it, but this is a bad idea as most hackers will use their own client side source, not yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-04-09T22:34:28.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2012-04-10T02:48:35.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used Sikuli and found it to be a great help in testing WPF.NET GUI applications (which do not comprise standard window instances with window handles like other Window apps do) and are otherwise very hard to test. I think Watir and Selenium are primarily for testing browser based applications, whereas Sikuli can also be used to test non-browser GUI applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1476" LastActivityDate="2012-04-10T02:48:35.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2992" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-10T10:43:53.960" Score="1" ViewCount="2303" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn about:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What could be the test cases to ensure the test coverage while any proprietary software is being installed using a license key. I wish to avoid (a) re-installation  (b) multiple instances of installation - using the same license key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2319" LastEditorUserId="2328" LastEditDate="2012-04-11T09:51:34.200" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T09:28:59.043" Title="What are some good test cases in order to do License Key authentication while software is being installed?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2992" CreationDate="2012-04-10T17:00:17.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know a way to ensure much in the way of test coverage without re-installation. I guess you could install once and pretend that's good enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do you wish to avoid re-installation and multiple instances?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-04-10T17:00:17.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2992" CreationDate="2012-04-10T17:34:28.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is an internet connected application, having a ssl cert validation and using its private key to be used as a salt for using license key could be a good idea. SSL certs give you a very promising theft-prevention towards license.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, using hardware tokens could be a good idea. So, even if you copy the license key to your computer, your hardware key would be really very hard to replicate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A link worth a read: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://discuss.joelonsoftware.com/default.asp?biz.5.82298.34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://discuss.joelonsoftware.com/default.asp?biz.5.82298.34&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2326" LastActivityDate="2012-04-10T17:34:28.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2721" CreationDate="2012-04-10T18:25:18.637" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login to Quality Center.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Test Lab/Test Plan/Wherever you keep your test cases. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After creating the test set, configure the columns to display in the desired order.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click within the Test Set list and select Export &gt; All. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name the Export file and click save.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exporting a test set is a lot easier than exporting from the test plan section, I've found. So if possible, consider bundling the tests, then exporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you really want to export from the Test Plan, click View &gt; Test Grid. Then use a column to filter the displayed tests and export as explained above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third option is to export using SQL within Quality Center, but I've never explored that option too much as I've always had success with the first two methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2325" LastActivityDate="2012-04-10T18:25:18.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2984" CreationDate="2012-04-11T00:13:40.417" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The wording of the question and the answers seem to miss a subtlety in what you're asking. To not break HTTP, you should always return as a 500. You never redirect to an error page (and give a 200 OK if something bad happened).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, whether or not you're bubbling up the stack trace, or just giving a simple &quot;something bad happened&quot; - that's another story. Web and app server trickery can be used to mask the specifics while still returning the proper HTTP status code. So the simple answer is yes return 500, but yes swallow the exception details before delivering the page to the end user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2101" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T00:13:40.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2998" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-11T09:16:40.267" Score="16" ViewCount="400" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I have a test that fails due to a known bug, but that bug is deemed lower priority to fix than other work, what should be done with the test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can think of 2 options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leave the test in the test set. However now every time the test set is run the whole set will fail, which may mask other newly introduced bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove the test/mark the test as an expected failure. The ticket for the bug would then reference the test so that when the bug is fixed the test will also be enabled. The concern with this approach would be that the bug could be forever ignored and QA is not driving development.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2328" LastActivityDate="2012-04-16T18:14:04.487" Title="What is best practice for test failures that have a low priority fix?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="2999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2998" CreationDate="2012-04-11T09:50:51.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A low priority fix would mean that the bug is not of a critical nature and will not impact the system in a big way. In such as scenario, out of the 2 options that you have mentioned, 2nd option looks better. Option 1 will be kind of a &quot;false alarm&quot; when you dont have any other issues. The bug tracking system should ensure that the bug does not fall through the cracks and is always visible when working on future releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA driven development is good but QA should find a balance between assertiveness and letting go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2316" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T09:50:51.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2998" CreationDate="2012-04-11T10:31:11.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use both ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 will draw more attention to the bug since reports will have a FAIL in them, this is also a disadvantage since upper management may want a clean report (I know, I know... integrity, ethics...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 has even a bigger chance of letting other bugs in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what to do ? I think the best compromise would be to start with #1, and when you are sure the bug is not going to be solved soon move to #2 and add a release/test note about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T10:31:11.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2998" CreationDate="2012-04-11T15:58:10.227" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The method that's used where I work uses that tri-modal result: pass, warn, or fail. We typically configure cases where a low priority bug is affecting the tests to warn, so that until the bug is corrected (possibly several releases on) that set of tests will report a warning, but not impact the rest of the run (so that any other changes will be identified). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It takes a bit of work and a highly modular, data-driven framework to be able to do this, but in my experience it's well worth the effort. Right now there are something like fifty such runs of different test sets, some of them reporting warnings for known bugs while others run clean. Every single one of them picks up new bugs within 24 hours of introduction unless a bug breaks something to the level where automation can't continue and isn't fixed for some time (for obvious reasons, anything that completely breaks automation is an emergency).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having your tests modular enough that you can configure a case to report a warning and continue without causing downstream effects is the way I'd choose to avoid this dichotomy altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-04-11T15:58:10.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2675" CreationDate="2012-04-12T23:14:00.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure if it was a paste error but your last line should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;submitLogin&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1941" LastActivityDate="2012-04-12T23:14:00.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2199" CreationDate="2012-04-13T05:36:38.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for a spy for SAP GUI in particular, there is a integrated script recorder in SAP GUI. &#xA;You can access it via &quot;Customize Local Layout (&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;F12&lt;/kbd&gt;)&quot; &gt; &quot;Script Recording and Playback...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also remember a SapGuiScriptingSpy.exe which I think came from SAP, but I don't remember where you can get it from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1429" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-11-16T14:48:48.320" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T14:48:48.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3009" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3012" CreationDate="2012-04-13T05:56:06.703" Score="8" ViewCount="11742" Body="&lt;p&gt;In software engineering, what is meant by &lt;strong&gt;injected defects&lt;/strong&gt;? And if such type of defect arises during software testing, then how are injected defects handled?  Also how can the rate of occurrence of these defects be reduced?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2355" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T20:45:40.183" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T20:45:40.183" Title="What is an injected defect in Software Engineering?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3009" CreationDate="2012-04-13T06:01:40.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;An injected defect is adding defects to a system &lt;strong&gt;on purpose&lt;/strong&gt; during testing, to test and verify that the system behaves as expected in those situations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;good testing practice&lt;/strong&gt;, and nothing that should be reduced or avoided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of such defects can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introducing unreliable network traffic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing with a full hard drive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing with some hardware component malfunction.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing in out-of-spec electrical conditions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2344" OwnerDisplayName="Anders Lindahl" LastActivityDate="2012-04-13T06:08:55.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3009" CreationDate="2012-04-13T07:45:42.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would understand this to mean either fault injection which @Anders covered in his answer or the same thing as defect seeding or error seeding. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error seeding is a way of implementing a metric for checking how good testing is done for a system. It would be nice to know how large percent of defects the testing is finding or how many bugs still exists in the system. Unfortunately we do not know the total number of defects existing in the system. The idea of error seeding is to introduce a number of known bugs to the system and then count how many of those testing finds. This ratio can be then used for estimating the amount of unknown real bugs in the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If used, the following things need to be considered:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The injected defects should cover the whole system and have full range of severities to give correct picture of the test effectiveness. This is quite hard to achieve.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think how your people will react to this kind of measurement. Should you tell beforehand that there are injected defects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that you remember to remove the injected defects before releasing the product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" OwnerDisplayName="Edu" LastActivityDate="2012-04-13T08:15:43.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3009" CreationDate="2012-04-14T00:34:19.810" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;To put the other answers in context, there are some related ideas here, which may be stomping on each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Defect insertion (or discovery) -- reference to which phase of system (e.g., requirements development, design, development, implementation, integration, test, sustainment) a defect was inserted/injected (or discovered) in the product.  So a defect that was inserted at requirements time (e.g., a user requirement that was misinterpreted) and discovered at integration time would exhibit bad &lt;em&gt;defect containment&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Failure or Fault Injection -- The intentional injection of a failure condition into a running system during a test activity, to determine whether the system reacts well to off-nominal or exceptional conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Defect injection -- Deliberately inserted defects, inserted at any phase, and intended to determine the effectiveness of quality assurance, testing, or defect containment discipline.  Also known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?DefectSeeding&quot;&gt;&quot;defect seeding&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2346" OwnerDisplayName="andersoj" LastActivityDate="2012-04-14T00:40:50.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3009" CreationDate="2012-04-15T22:58:25.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're getting some good answers on the first part of your question (what are injected defects?) but all seems quiet on your second question (how can they be reduced?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sound software engineering principles should help, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know your requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plan thorough testing early&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have alluded to, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;early detection&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is perhaps more important than &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;defect reduction&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  Defects will happen; however, if these defects are detected and removed earlier rather than later, the negative consequences can be drastically diminished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2222" LastActivityDate="2012-04-15T22:58:25.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-16T16:41:38.217" Score="2" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;The app that I am testing is a plug in app to Facebook.  I need to test the app for users having varying fan network ranging from 1 to 1 million.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is: How to create users in this range with different fan networks? Any automated program will be blocked by FB. Can anyone suggest ways to test it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1311" LastEditorUserId="1402" LastEditDate="2012-04-22T09:14:46.700" LastActivityDate="2012-04-22T09:14:46.700" Title="Facebook App testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2998" CreationDate="2012-04-16T17:51:44.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use a system to mark known failures in a database with a link to our bug tracking system. Once the bug is marked complete in the bug tracking system, the test is automatically turned back on. We use this even for high-priority failures so that the report is clean for later, unrelated submissions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1088" LastActivityDate="2012-04-16T17:51:44.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2998" CreationDate="2012-04-16T18:14:04.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with &quot;best practice&quot; is that your work is always an exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other answers have suggested methods of turning tests on &lt;strong&gt;automatically&lt;/strong&gt; when the code is fixed. That is far better than hoping that somebody turns it on when the code is fixed, but &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how do you report the non-running test in this case ?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does the test/bug end up in release notes ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are perhaps lucky in that developers and testers work together and there is normally somebody to do an ad hoc investigation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We add &lt;strong&gt;excuses&lt;/strong&gt; to the test script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tests still fail and are in statistics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The excuse is presented at the top level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis (verifying that the failure matches the excuse) is straightforward&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Doomed Tests&lt;/strong&gt; (won't be fixed for 'a long time') are kept running&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With an excuse of course&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are multiple tests with the same failure, we tend to reduce down to an exemplar, or shove the rest to the end of the campaign so that they are skipped.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will notice from the above that the tests are not fully automatic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We operate a number of different test campaigns. The sanity and regression campaigns only ever gets tests that are proven to be reliable. That &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; mean that failures such as described here, never make it into those campaigns...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...so we can still run fully automated tests to prove that the build hasn't been broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1177" LastActivityDate="2012-04-16T18:14:04.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2012-04-17T02:42:19.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this one&#xA;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams by Lisa Crispan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2353" LastActivityDate="2012-04-17T02:42:19.930" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-04-17T02:42:19.930" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2012-04-17T06:13:50.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Others have already listed many books that I would have listed. To add some more recent books that I have liked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specification by example: How successful teams deliver the right software by Gojko Adzic&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;This book introduces one way for specifying a product and making sure that the intended product was actually built. Many of the ideas are usable in any environment and will make communication between team members better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security and usability by Lorrie Faith Cranor and Simson Garfinkel&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I have not finished this book yet, but it is an interesting take on how to think of combining usability and security which are often seen as opposites of each other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From more classical books I could still mention&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Testing Computer Software by Cem Kaner, Jack Falk, and Hung Quoc Nguyen.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;This is a good book for learning all the basics of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2012-04-17T06:13:50.743" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-04-17T06:13:50.743" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3019" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-17T12:51:02.890" Score="3" ViewCount="1133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for good resources on how to write good unit test cases in C#/Dot Net. Books, resources on the net or simply good advises. In particular the unit cases should give good code coverage and cover all functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2357" LastActivityDate="2012-04-24T23:09:56.593" Title="Good resource on how to write dot net unit test cases?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;dot-net&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3020" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-17T13:28:40.987" Score="6" ViewCount="14185" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all I have recorded the script in Selenium IDE, then exported into the junit4 (RC), then copied the junit4 (RC) code into Eclipse IDE. When I run the project with junit test, I found the error below. (I have included all the jars in eclipse.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ERROR:&#xA;&#xA;java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/common/base/Charsets&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.getOutputStreamWriter(HttpCommandProcessor.java:149)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.getCommandResponseAsString(HttpCommandProcessor.java:176)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.executeCommandOnServlet(HttpCommandProcessor.java:118)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.doCommand(HttpCommandProcessor.java:101)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.getString(HttpCommandProcessor.java:275)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.start(HttpCommandProcessor.java:237)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.selenium.DefaultSelenium.start(DefaultSelenium.java:100)&#xA;    at com.example.tests.MyFirstSelenium.setUp(MyFirstSelenium.java:12)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:27)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:73)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:46)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:180)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:41)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:173)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:220)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:46)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am really stuck at this point. Below is my exported code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.example.tests;&#xA;&#xA;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.junit.After;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class MyFirstSelenium extends SeleneseTestBase {&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;        selenium = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, &quot;http://50.116.76.60/&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.start();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void testUntitled() throws Exception {&#xA;        selenium.open(&quot;/friend_circle/admin/login&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.type(&quot;id=username&quot;, &quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.type(&quot;id=pass&quot;, &quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.click(&quot;id=submit&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.waitForPageToLoad(&quot;30000&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @After&#xA;    public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;        selenium.stop();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2297" LastEditorUserId="3046" LastEditDate="2012-12-10T16:23:21.833" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T11:10:19.453" Title="&quot;java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError&quot; Error when running Selenium RC script" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3021" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3023" CreationDate="2012-04-17T22:30:08.700" Score="5" ViewCount="10876" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like the level of details and more or less how they look like — report.html and log.html files created as a result of selenium/robot tests run. What I don't like is if I run pybot several times (with different tags for example) these files gets rewritten, and I loose previous run results unless I'm running all of them as a predefined set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought it would be nice to store test runs results in a database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any ready or obvious solutions for that easier than to fire up a django site to handle all that? I want to be able to see a list of available last few hours/days results and click and see details the same way I can dig in now from report.html into log.html down to the individual steps. Would be nice if it'll support multiple users + continuos integration writing results into the same database. Being able to see results from various hosts through a browser without ssh-ing into these machines seems important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1746" LastEditorUserId="5352" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T11:41:29.550" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T13:33:17.030" Title="Are there ready solutions for saving robot framework test results into a database?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3019" CreationDate="2012-04-18T00:49:20.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I highly recommend the book &quot;Pragmatic Unit Testing in C# with NUnit&quot; by Andrew Hunt and David Thomas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using Visual Studio as your IDE you might also want to check out MSDN  (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182532.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182532.aspx&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T00:49:20.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3021" CreationDate="2012-04-18T06:47:15.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To prevent overwriting the earlier results, you can specify where you want the logs and results with command line options --output, --log (-l) and --report (-r). There is also an option --timestampoutputs (-T) for automatically timestamping the result files to get output-20080604-163225.xml or similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seems to be at least two database libraries &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/franz-see/Robotframework-Database-Library/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robotframework-Database-Library&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ThomasJaspers/robotframework-dblibrary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;robotframework-dblibrary&lt;/a&gt;. I haven't used either so unfortunately I can't comment on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T06:47:15.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3019" CreationDate="2012-04-18T07:56:45.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried the book The Art of Unit Testing ?&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.manning.com/osherove/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.manning.com/osherove/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T07:56:45.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3020" CreationDate="2012-04-18T08:15:25.783" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that you are not using stand-alone jar of selenium.&#xA;Can you download &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/files/selenium-server-standalone-2.21.0.jar&quot;&gt;Selenium Server Standalone jar&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;and use it in eclipse. This is the only jar you need from selenium-java as it encompasses all required class files. You can remove other Selenium related jars from your eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T08:15:25.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2012-04-18T16:37:27.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Already mentioned &lt;em&gt;Lessons Learned In Software Testing&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;plus two relatively new ones:&#xA;&lt;em&gt;How Google Tests Software&lt;/em&gt; and &#xA;&lt;em&gt;Exploratory Software Testing: Tips, Tricks, Tours, and Techniques to Guide Test Design&lt;/em&gt; by James A. Whittaker&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1746" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T16:37:27.117" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-04-18T16:37:27.117" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3019" CreationDate="2012-04-18T19:00:16.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest look into this &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/library/ms379625%28v=vs.80%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN&lt;/a&gt; link. But you can bing &quot;unit test using VSTS&quot; and you will get tons of help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2213" LastActivityDate="2012-04-18T19:00:16.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3031" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-19T07:00:29.310" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unable to Install Quality Center Client Side on the client's machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Operating System:&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Windows Vista &lt;strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;IE Version:&lt;strong&gt;*&lt;em&gt;9&lt;/em&gt;****&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We tried all the basic trouble shooting steps like deleting TD_80 folder from %temp% and performing a fresh installation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deleting Mercury Intercative folder from&#xA;C:\program files\common files&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running the internet explorer as Administrator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of the above solved the problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we are recieving the below error message:::::&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP Quality Center: Unrecoverable Error Occured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reason: Could not load file or assembly 'interop.OTAClient, Version=10.0.02469,Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=792843134cf0407a' or Contact your site administrator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details::::&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'interop.OTAClient, Version=10.0.0.2469, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=792843134cf0407a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.&#xA;File name: 'interop.OTAClient, Version=10.0.0.2469, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=792843134cf0407a'&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.Ota.Core.Application.SSPREnabled(String serverUrl)&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.Services.ConnectionManagementService.Initialize()&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.Services.BaseService.Initialize(IServiceManager serviceManager)&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ServiceFactory&lt;code&gt;1.CreateService()&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ServiceManager.ServiceCache&lt;/code&gt;1.b__0()&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ServiceManager.ServiceCache&lt;code&gt;1.CreateService(ServiceConstructorDelegate&lt;/code&gt;1 serviceConstructor, T&amp;amp; service)&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ServiceManager.ServiceCache&lt;code&gt;1.GetServiceEx(ServiceConstructorDelegate&lt;/code&gt;1 serviceConstructor)&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ServiceManager.ServiceCache&lt;code&gt;1.GetService()&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ServiceManager.ServiceCache&lt;/code&gt;1.GetBaseService()&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ServiceManager.DoPublish[T](IServiceFactory&lt;code&gt;1 factory, Boolean activate)&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ServiceManager.PublishAndActivate[T,C]()&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.ApplicationServicesPlugin.PublishServices(IServiceManager serviceManager)&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.Services.ApplicationService.InitializePlugins()&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.Services.ApplicationService.Start(Application application)&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.Application.Start()&#xA;at Mercury.TD.Client.UI.Core.Application.Initialize(String url, String configFilePath, IDictionary&lt;/code&gt;2 properties)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WRN: Assembly binding logging is turned OFF.&#xA;To enable assembly bind failure logging, set the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog] (DWORD) to 1.&#xA;Note: There is some performance penalty associated with assembly bind failure logging.&#xA;To turn this feature off, remove the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help resolving this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also instead of running as Admin, why cant we run IE as normal user ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&#xA;Srihari&#xA;404-579-5368 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1772" LastActivityDate="2012-04-19T15:59:49.253" Title="Unable to Install Client Side QC 10.0" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3033" CreationDate="2012-04-19T14:54:43.730" Score="10" ViewCount="10577" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to extract a certain message from my app. &#xA;The text starts up as visible and then changes to &lt;code&gt;style= &quot;visibility: hidden&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;the visibility period is rather short, and I was wondering how can I extract this text&#xA;using Selenium after it changes status to hidden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using a simple &lt;code&gt;element.getText()&lt;/code&gt; command to get this text, which works when &#xA;it's visible but returns nothing when hidden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2371" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2012-11-06T19:47:44.273" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T02:01:49.130" Title="Extracting hidden text with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3032" CreationDate="2012-04-19T15:56:19.250" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same problem and actually dislike this &quot;feature&quot; in Selenium. In my C# abstraction layer I replaced &lt;code&gt;getText&lt;/code&gt; with this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;return ((IJavaScriptExecutor)webDriverInstance).ExecuteScript(&quot;return arguments[0].innerHTML&quot;, elementInstance).ToString();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T02:01:49.130" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T02:01:49.130" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3031" CreationDate="2012-04-19T15:59:49.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following steps may help to get QC working in IE9 with Windows 7. Not quite the same environment, but its worth a shot. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjust your user account control settings to 'Never notify'. This requires a reboot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable any proxy account settings that you may have configured in Internet Options.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try installing the QC explorer app. It is a tool that HP provides that allows access to QC without using a regular internet browser. Make sure to install the tool 'as administrator'. You then point the app to the QC server and the files should be installed. Once the files are installed it should work when using IE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that you are using the 32bit IE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="33" LastActivityDate="2012-04-19T15:59:49.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3036" CreationDate="2012-04-19T19:25:11.323" Score="2" ViewCount="515" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Grinder&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/g3/script-javadoc/net/grinder/script/Grinder.ScriptContext.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;script context&lt;/a&gt; includes a thread number, a process number, and a run number.  I believe the thread number identifies a thread within a group of threads spawned by a worker process.  The process number identifies a worker processes created by an agent.  What is the run number?  To put it another way, what actions result in a new run number?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T20:15:08.180" Title="In The Grinder, what is a run number?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3035" CreationDate="2012-04-19T21:21:38.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience with JMeter, when you run the load test the Virtual Users execute the same script over and over again for either the specified time period or the specified number of loops.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would assume that each time the user (thread) executes the script (loop), it is counted as a run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastActivityDate="2012-04-19T21:21:38.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2910" CreationDate="2012-04-20T13:10:02.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some shape or form, traceability can be found in (mostly) every organization.  Each method has some manual aspects to it, though it really depends on &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how much effort the team is willing to put into it,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how much of the end result will be used,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what development methodology/practices are being followed, and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how granular each linkage needs to be.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most cases the general process is the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create requirements (specs, use cases, mockups, etc.), have them expanded, and approved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create test plan and test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases are then linked to the requirement(s) it tests / Requirements are linked to the test case(s) that tests it.  (Depending on how the requirements/test cases are written, this can be a many-to-many relationship).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excel is not a bad way of keeping this organized, but it can be fragile and error prone.  If your organization is willing to invest in a traceability tool, it will make the process more streamlined.  These tools do various things, from keeping track of requirements, subsequent test cases, and bugs found while executing the tests.  They will also have reporting features which are helpful in getting the status out quickly to managers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have personally worked with the following tools and can vouch for their functionality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/software.html?compURI=1172141&amp;amp;jumpid=ex_r11374_us/en/large/eb/go_qualitycenter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP Quality Center&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/us/products/silk/silkcentral_test/index.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SilkCentral Test Manager (also comes with the Issue Manager)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rallydev.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rally Software&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each tool can be used in totality, but they also boast the ability to sync with other tools, so if you already have Jira or Bugzilla for defect tracking, you are able to link the test cases/requirements to the bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My wife has previously used the free combination of Bugzilla and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mozilla.org/projects/testopia/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testopia&lt;/a&gt; and said that it good. (Note: Testopia is only for test case management, so it's slightly off topic, but thought to mention it, as well.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, I would like to mention the idea of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_Driven_Development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Behavior Driven Development&lt;/a&gt;, which creates the linkages directly inside the source code, as the requirements are written in a way (using the Gherkin language) that they are able to be turned into boiler-code/templates/tests.  We had given this a try in a previous company and it required tremendous cooperation from the Business Analysts, but went pretty smooth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastEditorUserId="1402" LastEditDate="2012-04-20T13:33:49.237" LastActivityDate="2012-04-20T13:33:49.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3014" CreationDate="2012-04-20T18:09:00.267" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mocking up the interaction w/ FB like user246 suggests would probably be the fastest route as far as getting things set up and having full control over your environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you want real interaction with FB accounts, they do allow for test account creation as long as those accounts are linked to a main developer account responsible for them.  Those test users are not visible to the public at all, and neither are interactions with them.  Those test users can also be created pretty quickly as long as your using their Graph API to access FB data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Info on how to do that is here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://developers.facebook.com/docs/test_users/&quot;&gt;http://developers.facebook.com/docs/test_users/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2012-04-20T18:09:00.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-24T22:56:46.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To simulate a specific browser (including mobile) using Chrome, all you need to do is override the &quot;User Agent&quot; to instruct the browser to use an agent specific to a device, either by selecting it from a list, or entering the user agent string directly.  Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get Chrome if you don't already have it&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click the wrench icon on the top right&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goto Tools -&gt; Developer Tools&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click the gear icon on the bottom right&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Find the setting &quot;Override User Agent&quot;, check it, and select the browser/device you want to emulate&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Refresh your page and inspect it.  This is how it will look on the device you chose.  (You'll have to re-size the browser to a phone-ish size if you've selected a mobile phone device)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't see the user agent string you're looking for on the list?  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.useragentstring.com/pages/useragentstring.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Look here&lt;/a&gt;) for an extensive list of user agent strings, you can copy and paste into the free-form text box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tekprolixity.blogspot.com/2012/04/simulate-mobile-browser-using-chrome.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;More details check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2384" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T06:34:39.870" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T06:34:39.870" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-04-24T22:56:46.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3019" CreationDate="2012-04-24T23:09:56.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;General Rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At least one test method should be written for every public service method and every new or overridden repository method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where applicable, positive and negative tests should be written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every Assert should include a relevant, meaningful error message for when failure occurs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Arrange, Act, Assert pattern should always be followed (see below)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read this article on MSDN:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/Aa730844&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Guidelines forTest-Driven Development&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Arrange, Act, Assert:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow the &quot;3-As&quot; pattern for test methods: (Arrange, Act, Assert). Specifically, use separate code paragraphs (groups of lines of code separated by a blank line) for each of the As.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrange is variable declaration and initialization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Act is invoking the code under test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert is using the Assert.* methods to verify that expectations were met. Following this pattern consistently makes it easy to revisit test code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes it much easier to see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is being set up and initialized in the arrange section&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What method is being executed in the act section&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What determines the outcome of the test in the assert section&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the following post for more details&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tekprolixity.blogspot.com/2012/04/unit-testing-guidelines.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tekprolixity.blogspot.com/2012/04/unit-testing-guidelines.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2384" LastActivityDate="2012-04-24T23:09:56.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-25T06:15:01.447" Score="3" ViewCount="1596" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would really like to see which bits of code/functionality I've missed testing in my application, which is a mix of Ruby and JQuery and Java applets. Years ago I used a nice code coverage tool for C code which made it so easy to see what needed to be exercised.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2375" LastActivityDate="2012-04-25T12:08:51.007" Title="What is a good code coverage tool for Ruby?" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1657" CreationDate="2012-04-25T10:44:03.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically you can't in pure CSS.  If you don't believe me check the spec below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can however using &lt;a href=&quot;http://sizzlejs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sizzle&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, Selenium doesn't have a &lt;code&gt;By.sizzle&lt;/code&gt; locator class, it does however fall back to sizzle in some cases if a browser doesn't support CSS3 (Just to make things complicated) so it may appear that sizzle commands work sometimes in some browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an exact text match in a locator your easiest option would be to switch to XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[contains(@class, 'item']/div[.='Trouble'] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T02:53:01.987" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T02:53:01.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3041" CreationDate="2012-04-25T12:08:51.007" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try these articles about RCov and simple_cov&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://highgroove.com/articles/2011/03/01/code-coverage-and-ruby-1-9.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://highgroove.com/articles/2011/03/01/code-coverage-and-ruby-1-9.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.storm-consultancy.com/blog/development/tools-plugins/generating-code-coverage-metrics-for-a-ruby-on-rails-project-with-simplecov/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.storm-consultancy.com/blog/development/tools-plugins/generating-code-coverage-metrics-for-a-ruby-on-rails-project-with-simplecov/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and rails_code_qa uses both of the above so also worth a look &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nathanhumbert/rails_code_qa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/nathanhumbert/rails_code_qa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-04-25T12:08:51.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3047" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-04-25T12:34:37.510" Score="1" ViewCount="3844" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/295/where-can-i-find-information-on-getting-started-with-selenium-2&quot;&gt;Where can I find information on getting started with Selenium 2&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to learn selenium web driver from the scratch. any one suggest me the reference site for selenium web driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &amp;amp; regards!&#xA;Vinod Guneja&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2297" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T12:30:37.380" Title="how to start work with selenium web driver any reference site for selenium web driver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2012-06-05T02:18:32.923" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3048" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3049" CreationDate="2012-04-25T14:14:53.983" Score="12" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a load test for a web application.  I have a few month's worth of access logs that tell me relative hit rates of various URLs.  However, the access logs do not contain enough information to tell me where a user is likely to click next.  In other words, the access logs cannot help me deduce whether, given that a user is currently on page A, they are more likely to go to page B or page C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know which page transitions are possible, i.e. you can navigate directly from page A to page B, but not from page A to page D.  I can use that information to construct a graph.  If I weight the edges of the graph subject to certain constraints (e.g. the sum of the weights of all edges out of a node must equal 1), I will have a Markov chain.  I would like to use the Markov chain to model variability in user behavior, but it is not obvious how to assign the weights.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I know the relative hit rates that I want to achieve, and I know the Markov's chain's structure but not its weights, what techniques are available for assigning the weights?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T14:10:09.463" Title="How do I tune the probabilities in a Markov chain based load test to produce specific hit rates?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3048" CreationDate="2012-04-25T16:57:17.690" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty interesting problem, actually :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try using a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov_chain_Monte_Carlo&quot;&gt;Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach&lt;/a&gt;. I haven't worked with these types of models myself, but the idea is that you start with a given long-run distribution and use Monte Carlo modelling to develop the actual Markov chain. I know this is a pretty well-used technique for simulation calculations. If you don't know much about Monte Carlo methods, don't worry, the basic ideas are quite simple (and powerful). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also try a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PageRank&quot;&gt;PageRank algorithm approach&lt;/a&gt;. The idea would be to construct your page links and initially assign equal weights based on the link structure (ie the user is equally likely to visit any possible linked page from the current page) and then assign a small chance that the user will visit any page uniformly randomly (they &quot;surf&quot; somehow to a random page uniformly at random). This can help develop a Markov chain with some realistic aspects of your system, such as that pages with more links are visited more often, but it's possible that every page can be visited at some point. The nice thing about models generated using a PageRank algorithm is that they lend themselves well to analysis, both computationally and analytically. (EDIT: I guess this method might not be exactly what you're looking for, since you already have the hit rates determined. But it might be helpful if you want to generate realistic &quot;general&quot; data for your hit rates.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="346" LastEditDate="2012-04-26T14:10:09.463" LastActivityDate="2012-04-26T14:10:09.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3047" CreationDate="2012-04-25T21:08:10.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found the official site a bit difficult for just starting out with Selenium, as well. Here are some resources, in addition to those listed at the link mentioned above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some free online tutorials are available here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/selenium_training.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/selenium_training.htm&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kavin School offers classes, both the kind you can attend and the kind you can download and run at your own pace. Just search for &quot;Kavin School&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you get up to your elbows in Selenium, and you are getting frustrated with figuring out xpaths, my friend wrote a helpful script: &lt;a href=&quot;http://teddyb.org/rlp/tiki-index.php?page=XPath+Tester+For+Selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://teddyb.org/rlp/tiki-index.php?page=XPath+Tester+For+Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also: while the official site may be hard to navigate, I have found their chat room to be very friendly to beginners, as long as you try to search the chat archive for an answer to your question first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2375" LastActivityDate="2012-04-25T21:08:10.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3053" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3055" CreationDate="2012-04-27T21:55:27.673" Score="4" ViewCount="3627" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have a good source that classifies typical bugs found, hopefully with examples?  For instance, one could classify bugs as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Interface Errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error Handling bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary related errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calculation errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Control flow errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Errors in Handling or Interpreting Data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2400" LastActivityDate="2012-04-30T15:23:20.660" Title="Classification of typical software bugs" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3054" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3056" CreationDate="2012-04-28T09:38:06.493" Score="4" ViewCount="499" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe not, but as I read and read about testing in agile approach, separation between developers and QA, and between tests and specification becomes more and more fuzzy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read &lt;em&gt;Test-Driven Development&lt;/em&gt; (TDD) as writing the tests before development so they guide developers how to implement particular feature or functionality/behaviour. This is the main difference I see with respect to traditional approach, where developers write tests after implementation or QA writes tests independently to verify implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Doesn't TDD creates a danger that tests will replace specification in programmer's opinion?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In extreme case, I imagine a programmer writing the code that will pass only given test cases without understanding whole model. Like a student preparing for the exam, knowing the questions from the previous exam session without deep understanding of answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Who writes those tests that guide developers: QA or developers themselves?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If QA writes low-level tests, than she automatically constrains developer how to design APIs of basic classes and acts as a developer. On the other side, developers tend to forget about many test cases and write very basic ones. So I believe both players need to play in the game, but how and when they enter into the game? What roles they play in writing the tests in which phase of project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-04-28T09:45:45.577" LastActivityDate="2012-04-29T09:53:37.083" Title="Is specification replaced by tests in TDD?" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3053" CreationDate="2012-04-28T13:50:29.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may find it useful to search for &quot;bug taxonomy&quot; or &quot;failure mode catalog&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This paper, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testingeducation.org/a/bugtax.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bug taxonomies: Use them to generate better tests&lt;/a&gt;&quot; provides a great overview of taxonomies, discusses how you can use them to brainstorm better test ideas, and provides useful practical tips on how to use existing bug taxonomies or how to go about creating a bug taxonomy. (The example used is the development of an ecommerce bug taxonomy). There are also other papers available from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingeducation.org/wordpress/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Centre for Software Testing Education and Research&lt;/a&gt;, but I don't see anything particularly recent on that page. However it is a great source for useful papers (and references to other literature!) on software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found it useful to consider the types of bug that are most common, in different projects and groups I've worked in - this helps me to target early tests in areas where I expect to find more issues, but I've never had time to compile a serious bug taxonomy. If that sounds interesting, you might find this blog by Adam Knight on compiling &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.a-sisyphean-task.com/2011/10/problem-halved-using-cheet-sheet-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;context-specific heuristic cheatsheets&lt;/a&gt; interesting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2012-04-28T13:50:29.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3054" CreationDate="2012-04-28T17:06:50.360" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally not! I have suffered under the same lack of understanding the concept when I first wrote code. Think of unit tests in TDD more as documentation of the written code. BDD design may be closer to what you refer to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me try and example: I have a requirement to take a data stream and transform this. In a specific way. The documentation can be an explanation that certain inputs will generate certain outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I may use a unit framework to create tests that provide specific inputs and outputs but I want this to be as vague as possible as I will leave the actual design and implementation to the developer. This is really only a behavioural test. (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_Driven_Development&quot;&gt;BDD on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming it is not a really simple transformation,  the developer will likely decide to write a parser for the stream, a set of business rules (each of which ideally only deals with one requirement), maybe an object/domain model to represent the data and behaviour, all of these actions need to be tested one by one. So if the developer needs a method that should counts items of a specific type, then this method will need a test. A method that maps categories from one input to different categories of the output then this needs testing specifically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In essence the purpose of these two types of tests is different. Behavioural tests/or UAT tests are to ensure the software does what it needs to do for completion of the project. Unit tests, are there to point a developer that make potentially code breaking changes to a very small unit of code so they can very quickly identify why and how they have broken this code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2012-04-28T17:06:50.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3054" CreationDate="2012-04-28T17:10:18.047" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Point of specifications should be communicating needs of the user. There can be different implementations which all fullfill the same specs. On the other hand tests in TDD should help programmer to ensure that implementation works correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is true that best specifications are testable and if you can automate testing of them, it helps ensuring that right product is built and deciding when it is ready. This is called Acceptance Test Driven Development (ATDD) or Behavior Driven Development (BDD). One nice explanation how to do this is described in book &lt;a href=&quot;http://specificationbyexample.com/key_ideas.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Specification by Example&lt;/a&gt; by Gojko Adzic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is need for tests also on other levels. Unit tests should be written by programmers to make sure the lowest level components they are building are working correctly. Intergration tests could be written by programmers or testers as well as system level tests and whatever else is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, test driven development does not endanger the scope. It is still there or it didn't exists previously either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2012-04-28T17:10:18.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3053" CreationDate="2012-04-29T08:46:09.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Classifications will never be finite &amp;amp; will be specific to what and how you're testing. Like the list of 'tags' on the various SO sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're trying to deal with case/issue/bug management.&#xA;The best classification is the priority of the issues.&#xA;Severity is also interesting, but can confuse a developer in what they need to do next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;10. Avoid the temptation to add new fields to the bug database. Every month or so, somebody will come up with a great idea for a new field to put in the database. You get all kinds of clever ideas, for example, keeping track of the file where the bug was found; keeping track of what % of the time the bug is reproducible; keeping track of how many times the bug occurred; keeping track of which exact versions of which DLLs were installed on the machine where the bug happened. It's very important not to give in to these ideas. If you do, your new bug entry screen will end up with a thousand fields that you need to supply, and nobody will want to input bug reports any more. For the bug database to work, everybody needs to use it, and if entering bugs &quot;formally&quot; is too much work, people will go around the bug database.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-Joel Spolsky &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/fog0000000029.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Painless Bug Tracking&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2173" LastActivityDate="2012-04-29T08:46:09.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3054" CreationDate="2012-04-29T09:53:37.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Edu pointed out you're mixing up acceptance testing and test driven development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acceptance tests is to confirm you built what the customer wants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test driven development is not only to confirm you built what you think the customer wants but first and foremost to help you design a good solution based on your current understanding of what makes good code. This is why you should not skip the refactoring step in TDD before you have reached that goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2403" LastActivityDate="2012-04-29T09:53:37.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3064" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3076" CreationDate="2012-04-30T13:41:23.327" Score="2" ViewCount="13810" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to Integrate the selenium Web driver test into eclipse, but i am really stuck at this point. Can any one help me at this point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2297" LastEditorUserId="2297" LastEditDate="2012-05-03T10:49:23.067" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T08:37:23.250" Title="How to configure selenium Web driver into Eclipse" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3053" CreationDate="2012-04-30T15:23:20.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, there is no &quot;best&quot; classification. I'd follow testerab's links and do some more research - the context in which you're working will give you a good idea of what will work best for you and your situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, where I work, bugs are classified by a combination of the following: which module of the system in test they occur in; whether they were found by a tester or by a customer; how severe they are. High-severity bugs found by customers in any of the financial modules (sales journalization, tax calculations etc) or regular operation modules (making sales, taking orders and so forth) are corrected first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think there's a way around classification schemes turning into triage schemes - my experience is that this seems to be intrinsic to software testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-04-30T15:23:20.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3068" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3071" CreationDate="2012-05-01T01:21:50.433" Score="6" ViewCount="1491" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the same flavour of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/686/what-are-some-ways-in-which-testing-a-mobile-application-is-different-from-testi&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, what are some unobvious differences between testing a web application and a desktop application? I've recently started looking at automating some GUI tests for a web app using SilkTest. There are some subtle differences between automated GUI testing between web and desktop apps, such as how control events are handled (button clicks, scrolling, etc). I also know there are network aspects such as load and performance testing, which don't necessarily come into play with desktop apps but are significant in web testing. Coming from a desktop app background, what are some other things I should look into or consider?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T20:19:12.613" Title="What Are Some Unobvious Differences Between Testing a Web Application and a Desktop Application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3068" CreationDate="2012-05-01T03:42:56.200" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not think the UI testing is very different: field validation, default values, resizing, scalability, and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably need to support more than one brand and version of web browser, and perhaps even some mobile devices.  You may want to separate your business logic tests from your browser-level tests so that you do not repeat every test on every browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security testing is different for web applications.  This is a big subject, and it helps to have someone who specializes in that kind of thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-05-01T14:59:41.277" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T14:59:41.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3068" CreationDate="2012-05-01T09:47:15.893" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Combinatorial explosion of varieties: You may need to test each version of each browser on various hardware running various operating systems&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Front-end testing can be easier because of the universality of the displayed information&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you do performance/load testing you're simultaneously testing the machine the server is on, not the current desktop (unless they're the same, obviously).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You may need to test on mobile devices, as they can access the web too. In fact you may need to validate your html to certain standards such as usability for disabled users, etc. A visit to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3.org/&lt;/a&gt; might be in order.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Security, as mentioned&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have many more open source tools to help you (watir-webdriver is a good example)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="729" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T09:47:15.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3068" CreationDate="2012-05-01T10:55:48.457" Score="7" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desktop software usually requires installation. Web applications usually do not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But web applications are sometimes expected to be running 24x7. This can make upgrades and maintenance more of a challenge to plan and execute (and thus test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In addition to browser versions mentioned by others here, you may need to worry about browser add-ons&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may also need to worry about the myriad browser settings that could cause issues with your web application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some desktop applications are designed for single users. By definition, almost all web applications are multiple-user systems.  You need to worry about concurrency, what happens when the same user is logged in multiple times, etc, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T10:55:48.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3068" CreationDate="2012-05-01T10:59:55.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from &quot;what those other guys said&quot;, all of it very good advice, some other considerations I'd recommend are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability - Desktop applications tend to have a help file built in, where web applications should be more or less self-explanatory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load times - this one is a big pain point. Not everyone has broadband (and we won't go into how much I despise pages that have so much advertising attached that they take eternity to load despite broadband) and there are quite a few people who operate on extremely limited connectivity. You should look to test that your site is functional within a reasonable time over a 28k modem connection (typical speed in older apartment blocks in the USA) or that a low-bandwidth version of it is available and easily located.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross-browser and operating system compatibility. This is particularly important if your site uses a lot of client-side processing or the latest functionality from a specific browser. If the browser in question is Internet Explorer, you lock a lot of people out of your site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clear indicators of processing - if your site needs to do any potentially lengthy processing (such as live validation of credit card information) you need to make sure it disables as much as possible and shows a clear indicator that it's working or users will assume it isn't and try again - which can cause problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T10:59:55.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2012-05-01T11:07:59.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any book is a good book if you can apply it to QA and testing. It depends on if you're trying to be a better tester, or trying to understand the domain language better, or you want a new perspective on problems, or you're trying to get a certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently wrote about the board game Zendo being great for understanding elements of exploratory testing. I believe James Bach reads anything BUT testing books! (Great talk by him on the subject of what to read, amongst other things: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKFqwKSon-E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKFqwKSon-E&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Saying that I won a copy of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/How-Reduce-Cost-Software-Testing/dp/1439861552&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;How To Reduce the Cost of Software Testing&quot;&gt;How to Reduce the Cost of Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; that I particularly enjoyed. A collection of various long articles on how to reduce &quot;costs&quot;, with many different authors and many different perspectives on reducing cost, what &quot;cost&quot; means, and even if we should be focusing on reducing cost. I like books that inspire me to a way of thinking, and this had many ways of thinking to be inspired to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="729" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T11:07:59.350" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-05-01T11:07:59.350" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3064" CreationDate="2012-05-01T12:29:30.320" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium Web Driver does not necessarily integrate with an IDE the way that many people think it would.  All that selenium is is a library. Import this library the way that you would any other in your code and in Eclipse, and it should work just fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if this answers what you were looking for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-18T19:12:43.657" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T19:12:43.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3068" CreationDate="2012-05-01T20:19:12.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good answers abound, just wanted to add one more thing to consider for automation - Localizability and how you identify elements is different.  In a client app, you identify the element by it's name which is also the value displayed to a user.  This means in order to work in localized versions you need to get the correct value from a resource file instead of hard-coding it to the english version.  In a web site or web app, you will have identifying attributes on elements such as &quot;id&quot;, &quot;name&quot;, &quot;class&quot;, etc that will not change in different locales and so you do not need to have this dependency on resource files but can still automate in different locales.  It's also easy to request an &quot;id&quot; for an element from your developer which can make UI automation simpler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-05-01T20:19:12.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3064" CreationDate="2012-05-02T04:42:44.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please go through this blog where I have mentioned how to work with WebDriver, Eclipse and TestNG if you get more ideas about your question. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.anitpatel.net/2011/12/27/setting-up-selenium-web-driver-eclipse-testng/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.anitpatel.net/2011/12/27/setting-up-selenium-web-driver-eclipse-testng/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, you question &quot;how to inegrate..? is quite confusing so if the blog doesn't answer your question then please rephrase what exactly you were trying to do so that we can discuss more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Anit Patel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2416" LastActivityDate="2012-05-02T04:42:44.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2012-05-02T11:22:33.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Additionally to Tangurena approach I suggest writing several tests at the highest level possible. Essentially this will be a test that your software works as intended. If most sub-systems are involved in the test, then any error in any of the systems will show a malfunction in that test. It will not pinpoint your problem but will show if some refactoring introduced some bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic high level test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make a clean setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add some users/reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do some operations on the users/reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save the results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make it run on a server regularly as it will be probably too long for an unit test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also get rid of any deprecated file. If you need them just look them up from the version control. Those files add friction to development and make it harder to see what code is actually being executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2422" LastActivityDate="2012-05-02T11:22:33.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3080" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-02T12:19:03.870" Score="3" ViewCount="1219" Body="&lt;p&gt;What advice do you have for promoting Agile methodology in delivering Infrastructure projects.&#xA;Can this be done to good advantage for Quality assurance purposes or are infrastructure projects too specialised to allow this to be done successfully. What have you tried and found to be the case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2276" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T13:49:06.663" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T13:49:06.663" Title="Applying Agile methodology - Testing /QA in Infrastructure Projects" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3081" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-02T15:22:46.653" Score="12" ViewCount="776" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://staf.sourceforge.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;STAF/STAX&lt;/a&gt; in the past, and liked the way that information was tracked in the tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1zmK1.gif&quot; alt=&quot;STAX Job Monitor&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently investigating Technologies to tie together a few tools that use XML-RPC, and am interested in recommendations of a good tracking tool, preferably with a decent API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the absence of this, I'd appreciate any tips on creating my own such monitoring system (I have GUI development experience, but I'm not sure how I'd model the test run) or integrating the test technologies into STAX (I know I should be able to send XML-RPC commands from jython, but I can see issues around the level of granularity in reporting).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Edit&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Having done some further research, I'm interested if anyone has any experience with &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;robot framework&lt;/a&gt; - without any external input, this is where I'm currently looking at going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:54:21.083" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T12:54:21.083" Title="Tools for tracking automated tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2012-05-03T05:36:30.183" Score="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are about to embark on a journey without end, so it is the means, not the ends, that are important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deciding where to start&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business first: As Laura said, make sure that your work directly improves areas important to the business&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Metrics: It is critical to get good metrics both before you start and as you progress. &lt;em&gt;Keep your metrics current&lt;/em&gt;, preferably by automation, because this will be your constant guide and justification.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As Tangurena said, find areas of higher defect rate. This is a good code smell&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Static analysis: Can you run any tools such as a sloccount, lint or those that compute complexity (eg McCabe), dependency graph? Even better if there is a Findbugs or equivalent :) Doing so may highlight areas of:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Particular problem density&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Above average complexity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;High dependency (eg, routines and library functions used by many other functions). The more dependencies or uses of a function, the more higher the impact it has on the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dynamic analysis: Can you check which subroutines are more commonly called, or even called at all? (maybe by examining patterns in log files or code coverage tool) Testing these will have a higher impact&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decisions: develop, &lt;em&gt;and keep current&lt;/em&gt; an analysis which ranks areas based on:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The most important modules/function to the business&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect rate/ksloc (per thousand source lines of code) in each module (with different values for criticals, majors, minors, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design/code quality problems/ksloc in each file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of dependencies on each module/function&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit test vs. automated GUI/CUI test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, especially on code bases not written for testing, writing unit tests is nearly impossible without major refactoring - modules have so many dependencies on other modules, and all depend on running within a 4GL runtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the cost (and risk) involved in refactoring for unit tests is too high, you may want to automate front-end tests rather than build unit tests. While you will not be able to get the code insight of a unit test, nor the very high frequency test-fix cycles, you get tests which are directly relevant to the end-user experience (and thus management happiness). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated GUI/CUI test development is also typically undertaken by a different team of developers, not core software engineers, so can actually progress without affecting the core engineering team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2426" LastEditorUserId="2426" LastEditDate="2012-05-04T04:07:54.813" LastActivityDate="2012-05-04T04:07:54.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-05-03T09:54:12.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's very important to record and capture screen shot while performing exploratory testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a tool to record everything that you testing :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Webex recorder.&#xA;2) Camtasia recorder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2427" LastEditorUserId="2427" LastEditDate="2012-05-14T11:13:49.030" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T11:13:49.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-05-03T19:19:49.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) As a free solution: You can use FFmpeg for full screen recording. For windows it requires ScreenCapturer (also free and opensource). For linux it can record the screen natively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://svnpenn.blogspot.com/2011/10/ffmpeg-screencast-windows.html&quot;&gt;http://svnpenn.blogspot.com/2011/10/ffmpeg-screencast-windows.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Camstudio is also a good solution. The output files may be huge, but you always can encode it with FFmpeg using WinFF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://winff.org/html_new/&quot;&gt;http://winff.org/html_new/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://camstudio.org/&quot;&gt;http://camstudio.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-05-03T19:19:49.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2012-05-04T06:13:32.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though Architecture-developer-test-Tech Support teams are responsible for the Leaked defect, most of the companies have a ingrained culture of blaming the testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had been in situation where the APIs were continusouly changed on a regular basis and  there was no coordinated communication between the teams involved.  Testers were continously changing the API test framework, which resulted missing out some of the scenarios which resulted in leak defects in the System Integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RCA was done badly, we just found the gaps in our test design &amp;amp; how to improve the test design, but never focussed on why we missed them during our test design &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After taking the entire blame, we started setting up rules for our test team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Feature Interaction matrix for all the APIs with respect to their interactions &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Never change the Test design unless there is a published(approved by Dev. manager/Architect in consultation with Test ) API/Feature change and change should come through a Single Point of Contact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Reviews to be done diligently and test team should discuss more with in ourselves as well as Dev. team on the reason behind the changes and what type of problems can arise due to the changes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2434" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T01:47:55.323" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T01:47:55.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2012-05-04T08:37:24.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can give an example of how not to take testers !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Indian IT industry, some of the companies recruit or assign Fresh Under grads to testing team, by 1) Names starting A &amp;lt;--&gt; M - Development Team, N &amp;lt;--&gt; S - Testing Team &amp;amp; rest will be in PMO etc &amp;amp; if the candidate did not cleared the Programming language test(cut off limit for developer positions) but still scored a decent mark, then will be assigned to test Team.&#xA; There are many permutation &amp;amp; Combinations like the above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main problem for these companies is they have to recruit in thousands every year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2434" LastActivityDate="2012-05-04T08:37:24.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-05T13:24:50.697" Score="4" ViewCount="1911" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a complex Fitnesse suite with tens of subsuites, includes and symbolic links. Sometimes we don't want to run the whole thing and would like &lt;strong&gt;to run selected test cases and not run the others.&lt;/strong&gt; We see two ways to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By managing page properties (Suite - Test - Normal), we can turn on/off test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is inconvenient. First of all, it's boring. And second, we can't see the suite current state (what test cases are turned on and gonna be run).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Fitnesse, there are &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/FitNesse.UserGuide.TestSuites.TagsAndFilters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tags&lt;/a&gt;, and we can specify desired tags in suiteFilter or excludeSuiteFilter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is inconvenient too. You have to remember tag names and don't forget or misspell them in filters. Of course, we can store predefined links with carefully selected lists of tags, but in our case it's not the option, since the lists are subject to frequent changes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, we don't want to divide our suite on several parts, since we benefit from having the general Scenario Library and variable lists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ideal solution for us would be having a Fitnesse suite configurator, which could display and change settings of Fitnesse pages. Say, it may be a Fitnesse plugin, which read Fitnesse folder structure and display current settings in an html page or with Windows Form, letting change these settings and save the changes. Or an external tool with similar functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you heard of such tools? Did you bump into the same troubles? What would be your suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2443" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-12T21:03:33.963" LastActivityDate="2012-12-12T21:03:33.963" Title="Choose tests cases to run from Fitnesse test suite" Tags="&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1874" CreationDate="2012-05-05T14:56:04.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is basically what suggests user246, but I would list first criteria you want to evaluate in form of questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are data from XML inserted correctly to DB for possible combinations of data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How the system responds when XML data are incomplete or incorrect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How the system responds when XML does not respect XML schema? (if this situation can potentially occur in your environment)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if a single XML document or single elements of XML document are too large for the system to process, e.g., because of memory, DB schema, etc.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How the system performs when values are too long? Aren't they truncated?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would start first from preparing XML documents representing above cases and then try the system on them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if this is more like an test of integration between message procedure and consumer, I would ask if there are any constrains regarding their communication:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How fast XML messages must be processed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many XML messages may be in the queue?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the system able to process those messages in requested time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this external queue? If so, what happens to the system when the queue is down and up again? Does system should and handles in fact such situations?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2012-05-05T14:56:04.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2334" CreationDate="2012-05-05T20:45:03.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qtpselenium.com/samplevideos/selenium/seleniumvideos.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://qtpselenium.com/samplevideos/selenium/seleniumvideos.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a pay site, but it has been great for me.  All video tutorials with optional online classes, great forums, access to interview q&amp;amp;a, covers java basics also.  Also, has a lot of try before you buy videos you can check out to decide if you like it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2444" LastActivityDate="2012-05-05T20:45:03.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3047" CreationDate="2012-05-07T11:39:48.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just try ths Site.It helps lot for me and i hope it'll helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mearra.com/blogs/jani-palsamaki/creating-and-running-simple-selenium-webdriver-test#comment-847&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mearra.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-ide-eclipse.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;maven.apache.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-selenium2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ibm.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2451" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T12:30:37.380" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T12:30:37.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3097" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-07T16:11:09.923" Score="2" ViewCount="404" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the marketing materials for SilkCentral, they support tracking your exploratory testing.  I can find nothing to support this claim.  I have done the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Searched their help files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Searched their knowledge base&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tweeted to MicroFocus &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Googled for &quot;exploratory testing SilkCentral&quot; (which points to their marketing materials and a lot of resumes that have those keywords)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Searched the SilkCentral community forums (having trouble registering to ask the question there)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly someone must know something about it, but I am not finding anything beyond the claim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="927" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:42:11.660" Title="How do you track Exploratory Testing in SilkCentral?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2012-05-08T19:09:48.490" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;1.Short and meaningful &lt;strong&gt;title&lt;/strong&gt; (which will give the exact problem&#xA;    statement)    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.&lt;strong&gt;Repro&lt;/strong&gt; steps    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.What is the &lt;strong&gt;actual&lt;/strong&gt; result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.What is the &lt;strong&gt;expected&lt;/strong&gt; result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.If applicable &lt;strong&gt;screenshot/video&lt;/strong&gt; to get the repro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.What is the &lt;strong&gt;severity&lt;/strong&gt; of the problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.What was the &lt;strong&gt;Testing&lt;/strong&gt; env&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8.What was the &lt;strong&gt;build&lt;/strong&gt; no&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9.What is the &lt;strong&gt;source&lt;/strong&gt; (Test/PM/Dev/Design etc) of the bug. That means who is logging this bug&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10.How &lt;strong&gt;found&lt;/strong&gt; (functional test/performance test/ security test/ design review etc).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;11.&lt;strong&gt;Assigned&lt;/strong&gt; to (Triage/Dev/PM)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;12.&lt;strong&gt;Area/Iteration&lt;/strong&gt; in source control (where to keep this bug in source control)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2213" LastEditorUserId="2213" LastEditDate="2012-05-08T19:15:00.530" LastActivityDate="2012-05-08T19:15:00.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2716" CreationDate="2012-05-08T19:58:35.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience, sometimes the way XPaths are read by Selenium are different from what you expect, &lt;em&gt;especially&lt;/em&gt; if you've verified the XPaths are correct in Firepath.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, both of the XPaths you've posted point to the same element and should work identically, but for some reason, only the relative one is working correctly in the IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main takeaway from this is to &lt;strong&gt;avoid absolute XPaths like the plague&lt;/strong&gt;!  Always use relative ones, but make them more specific, so other elements aren't found instead (since Selenium picks the first out of all the matches).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is nice and short:&lt;code&gt;//div/h2&lt;/code&gt;.  But if there are any other h2 elements on the page before this one, they will be found as well.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be more precise, try: &lt;code&gt;//div/h2[contains(text(),&quot;Sign in&quot;)]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tested each of the above with Firepath and Selenium IDE and they work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastActivityDate="2012-05-08T19:58:35.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3097" CreationDate="2012-05-09T13:12:06.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only way I can figure how to do proper Exploratory Testing with SilkCentral is to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open application and SilkTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create window definitions in SilkTest and start Recording.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform exploratory testing and when completed stop the recording.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit Recorded TestCase (because there will be errors), and upload TestCase to SilkCentral Test Manager.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you'll have the test case saved, so if any bugs were actually uncovered, you can retest again by re-running the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than this, I can't really see any other way that the application aids in this type of testing (because every other Quality Suite could claim the same).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastActivityDate="2012-05-09T13:12:06.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2716" CreationDate="2012-05-10T00:41:39.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest never use complete xpath in any UI test. And the reason is if anything gets change in the UI structure then your test will fail. And there will be huge cost towards maintaining your test cases. So for any UI test we should try to identify elements based on their unique id/class/div name etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your case to find out sign in link you can use the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.GetText(&quot;//div[@class='signin-box']/h2&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2213" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T17:00:52.417" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T17:00:52.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2012-05-10T12:42:50.727" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is useful whenever you're automating something that's not web based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really like Selenium and Watir, but they're restricted to web technologies, and even though these are probably the most common nowadays, there are still plenty of companies who use desktop apps. For these, I find Sikuli and its fuzzy matches to be quite useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind that the IDE is not great -- and that you'll need to use it to generate the screenshots and adjust matching precision and position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2466" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T12:42:50.727" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-05-10T13:57:01.513" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use a combination of three tools for screen capture while I am testing, be it exploratory or scripted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For screen recording BB Flashback Express is the free version of BB Test Assistant (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbsoftware.co.uk/BBFlashBack_FreePlayer.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bbsoftware.co.uk/BBFlashBack_FreePlayer.aspx&lt;/a&gt;). I set it to record constantly and retain 10 minutes of footage. This keeps the file size down, and resource usage down too. Although, I have found it works well on a number of machines including low spec ones, especially when compared with CamStudio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For screenshots I use a combination of Awesome Screenshot and Greenshot. Awesome Screenshot is a plugin for Chrome and Firefox. &#xA;Greenshot (&lt;a href=&quot;http://getgreenshot.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://getgreenshot.org&lt;/a&gt;/) is an open source screen capture tool which runs in the background. Using either CTRL+PrintScreen or ALT+PrintScreen your view is captured and loaded into Greenshot for editing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I add my vote for using Rapid Reporter. With it's ability to export to CSV, you can record your steps and import (or Copy/paste) them directly into test management software for re-use/regression at a later date. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T13:57:01.513" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3089" CreationDate="2012-05-10T14:29:04.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately I do not know of any plugin which will do what you ask. However, you could use the tags option by adding a top level page to the wiki that you can choose to run tests from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One final idea would be to use something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iopus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iMacros&lt;/a&gt; to run each suite. Not really a permanent solution, but perhaps enough to keep you going until one comes up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T14:29:04.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3110" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3111" CreationDate="2012-05-10T14:35:39.450" Score="16" ViewCount="10608" Body="&lt;p&gt;At first I though it was the same but with eclemma it seems different. But I can't find anything about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2478" OwnerDisplayName="Loki" LastEditorUserId="2338" LastEditDate="2012-05-11T11:53:48.780" LastActivityDate="2019-09-25T10:55:39.510" Title="What's the difference between code coverage and test coverage?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3110" CreationDate="2012-05-10T15:24:10.017" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test coverage and code coverage as generic terms can mean a broad variety of different measures of what has been covered: lines of code, subconditions of boolean expressions,  accesses to data, calls to API functions, ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the common vernacular, and for almost all the tools you can get, &quot;test coverage&quot; and &quot;code coverage&quot; tell you what &lt;em&gt;code&lt;/em&gt; executed by whatever testing process you use (whether that is unit test, functional test, informal test, interactive test, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only widely used variation is MC/DC (test/code) coverage, which tells you which of the boolean subconditions in a logical expression have been exercised in a way that controls the outcome of the boolean expression.  Only a few tools offer this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure eclemma provides test/code coverage of the standard type.  Whether it provides anything else... I don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6663" OwnerDisplayName="Ira Baxter" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T15:24:10.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3110" CreationDate="2012-05-10T21:36:32.603" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how I use the terms.  &lt;em&gt;Code coverage&lt;/em&gt; is a measure of how much code is executed in response to a stimulus (e.g. running a test).  &lt;em&gt;Test coverage&lt;/em&gt; is a measure of how much of the feature set was executed as a result of a test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others will have other definitions.  When someone uses those terms, if you are not sure what they mean, ask them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-05-10T21:36:32.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2012-05-11T05:18:40.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This link has 21 test management tools reviewed &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.com/2010/07/test-management.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://qtp.blogspot.com/2010/07/test-management.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2461" LastActivityDate="2012-05-11T05:18:40.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3110" CreationDate="2012-05-11T13:32:22.137" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how I use these terms (although I almost never actually uses these terms).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Code coverage&lt;/em&gt; is a measure of how much code is executed during testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Test coverage&lt;/em&gt; is a measure of how many test cases have been executed during testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your mileage may vary...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-05-11T13:32:22.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3115" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3116" CreationDate="2012-05-11T17:22:44.930" Score="7" ViewCount="17930" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that jmeter has a CSV based controller, but this will just read the lines sequentially, one per thread/iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also know that you can use&#xA;    __StringFromFile()&#xA;to read in a line from a file, but as with the CSV this reads sequentially with each thread simply taking the next line in the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also know that you can use&#xA;    __FileToString()&#xA;to read an entire file into memory as a string. This should be able to be combined with&#xA;    __split()&#xA;to create an array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My data set in this file is somewhere around 40,000 lines, one job title per line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an efficient way to be able to select a random line from the file, or will I have to read the whole thing into memory and then use array notation to select the item?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2456" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T17:11:45.340" Title="Getting a random line from a file with Jmeter" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3115" CreationDate="2012-05-14T08:59:15.663" Score="7" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Randomizing the file BEFORE use is a much better approach.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It will much more efficiently (especially in the case of significant amount of entries) to  randomize the order of entries in your CSV file before the test - and then read prepared data sequentially, in way you like (via CSV Data Set e.g.).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can do the preparation using e.g. perl script or even via &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mrexcel.com/tip093.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Excel Random Sorting&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can also use any solution like &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/10196360/993246&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; but this will be very ineffective and resource-consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T08:59:15.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3080" CreationDate="2012-05-14T10:50:59.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would have a look at Kanban, great article here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agilesysadmin.net/kanban_sysadmin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://agilesysadmin.net/kanban_sysadmin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked with a devops team run by Stephen Nelson-Smith (I was running the test team and we had lots of things we wanted the ops team to do for us, ranging from setting up test infrastructure to deploying applications on servers, etc) and I have to say that it was one of the best devops teams I've ever had the pleasure to work with.  They were responsive to our needs, happy to reprioritise work and we could always get a good view of what was going on by looking at their kanban board.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course the fact that everybody on the team was a highly skilled individual helped, but having highly skilled individuals who are crippled with a workflow that makes them unresponsive and reactionary rather than proactive is probably more rustrating than having people who don't know what they are doing (You can excuse the idiots, because you know they don't know any better...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T10:50:59.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-05-14T19:11:46.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techsmith.com/snagit.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Snagit&lt;/a&gt; (Windows, MacOsX), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fraps.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fraps&lt;/a&gt; (Windows).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I used snagit almost exclusively for taking annotated screenshots with arrows and stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T19:11:46.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2768" CreationDate="2012-05-14T19:19:23.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't care much about the driver you use (Firefox, Chrome, IE), try this one:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html#htmlunit-driver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html#htmlunit-driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has no GUI, but uses JS engine different from the browsers listed above, which can result in different behavior and, as a result, in missed or false positive bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1927" LastActivityDate="2012-05-14T19:19:23.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-05-15T09:55:41.053" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently discovered PSR.exe, which is part of Windows 7 (just type in psr in the search field). It allows the user to record everything he or she does (like Snagit), but also makes it easy to add comments and to highlight certain regions of the screen. Once you finish recording, everything will be saved in a zip file as a so called &quot;.mht&quot; file. When you open the file, you get a nice step-by-step presentation of everything you have done, plus your comments and additional information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2220" LastActivityDate="2012-05-15T09:55:41.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3115" CreationDate="2012-05-15T13:53:58.323" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the answer and comments I had received what I wound up doing was:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use a Once Only Controller with a BeanShell Sampler to read the file into an array, then when I need to pull that data I just use a BeanShell PreProccessor with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.Random;&#xA;Random random = new Random();&#xA;vars.put(&quot;MyChosenVariable&quot;, vars.get(&quot;AvailChoices_&quot; + random.nextInt(Integer.parseInt( vars.get(&quot;CounterVar&quot;)))));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2456" LastActivityDate="2012-05-15T13:53:58.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-16T09:42:59.440" Score="13" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where to get installer for older Firefox version?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing, I often need particular version and language mutation of particular browser, and Google often leads to sites that tend to either serve FF in my local language, or only in en_US.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where is some nice directory of every version and every language build ever made?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2459" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T04:15:55.467" Title="Getting older (any) Firefox version" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3123" CreationDate="2012-05-16T09:45:00.030" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the nicest directories is &lt;a href=&quot;https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official FTP&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;official&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;organized per OS/arch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;organized per version (including Beta, Aurora and Nightly builds)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;organized per language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the FTP directory doesn't have as many mirrors as the &lt;a href=&quot;http://releases.mozilla.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official Releases server&lt;/a&gt;. Therefore, the FTP directory is great, but if you're going to be downloading many of the release installers or linking to them (thereby generating a lot of traffic), you want to use the Releases server, to avoid putting tons of pressure on the FTP directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2459" LastEditorUserId="2459" LastEditDate="2012-05-19T12:58:40.507" LastActivityDate="2012-05-19T12:58:40.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3125" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-16T10:17:39.430" Score="2" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is good to define an attack surface before security testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different places to attack:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open pages &amp;amp; services (like login)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attack to underlying layers/servers/etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attack to other users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different kind of attacks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Owasp list attacks (XSS, injection, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Burte force, DoS &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different risks...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I was wondering what methods do you use?&#xA;Attack surface analyzing is a part of for example Microsoft's The Security Development Lifecycle (SDL). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2486" LastActivityDate="2012-05-22T02:28:20.093" Title="What methods do you use to analyze / define attack surface for a software?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3123" CreationDate="2012-05-16T11:41:36.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was going to mention &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oldapps.com/category/browsers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.oldapps.com/category/browsers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for Firefox-specific needs, the official FTP site is best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T11:41:36.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="853" CreationDate="2012-05-16T12:16:51.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I could not get click or clickAndWait to work on a cell in a grid that was generated using EXT.NET too. I was sure that the locator was working because pressing the Find button in the Selenium IDE caused the cell to be briefly highlighted in yellow. I finally tried clickAt and it worked. Here's what I specified:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: clickAt&#xA;Target: //*[@id='ext-gen336']/div[3]/table/tbody/tr/td[4]/&#xA;Value: 0,0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The syntax for clickAt is given as &lt;code&gt;clickAt(locator, coordString)&lt;/code&gt;. The x,y values for coordString don't seem to matter so I simply used 0,0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2488" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-20T23:18:09.920" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T23:18:09.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1913" CreationDate="2012-05-16T18:04:09.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way is using &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/events/WebDriverEventListener.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriverEventListener&lt;/a&gt; together with &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/events/EventFiringWebDriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;EventFiringWebDriver&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;LogDriver listener = new LogDriver();&#xA;driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(new FirefoxDriver(profile)).register(listener);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where LogDriver should be your own class implementing WebDriverEventListener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriverEventListener methods are fired every time you use WebDriver action like findElement or click. Therefore you can put there a couple of System.out.printlns() (or something more sophisticated like appending to html file) and it should be enough for troubleshooting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastEditorUserId="2489" LastEditDate="2012-05-16T18:10:14.817" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T18:10:14.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3141" CreationDate="2012-05-16T18:07:33.213" Score="10" ViewCount="15634" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Has anyone tried to test the page layout of a website using webdriver? To be specific, using &lt;strong&gt;webelement.getPosition() and webelement.getDimension()&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't these two methods be enough for testing the layout of the page. I did a quick test and found that the location would return the location of the element relative to the left top corner of the page. That means this should always return the same value irrespective of monitor resolution or window size. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I can record the location and element dimension once and store those values somewhere, I can run automated tests using selenium to find whether the position or dimension of the element changed. If that change is greater than a delta value which I set, then it means the alignment of the element has changed and I can fail the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am planning to create some utility program which does this, but wanted to confirm that this would indeed be enough to test the page layout&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:14:05.857" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:39:07.707" Title="Testing Page Layout with webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1913" CreationDate="2012-05-16T18:20:02.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you run the webdriver in remotewebdriver mode, you should be able to see these commands in the node terminal. Hub will be sending these commands to node terminal. Its not the best way, but works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T18:20:02.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3129" CreationDate="2012-05-16T20:21:46.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't recommend this method. First of all it's rather slow. Have you tried invoking the methods you've mentioned for every element on the page? In browsers like Chrome or FF it takes about 6-10 seconds for 190 elements (actually I checked it today). Moreover it can take more than 1 minute on IE!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing would be managing these stored values. If you want to manually define every element for which you will be checking these values - it will be to much work plus it will be quite vulnerable to any changes made to the page. Therefore I assume you obtain and save values for all elements automatically. However I am not sure if the findElements function returns elements always in the same order. You will need to check that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would rather recommend taking screenshots with web driver. You can take a screenshot and save it as a reference pattern. Then during the next test you take another screenshot and compare it with the saved pattern. In our company we use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imagemagick.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ImageMagick&lt;/a&gt; and we're happy with it. It's open source solution. We simply run executable file (compare.exe, included in the package) from our java program. There are other libraries too. It does not eliminate the problems I mentioned above (still it's very vulnerable to any changes) but it's easier to implement and provides more coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But getting back to your question if the approach you described is enough for layout testing. Basically yes, if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you don't care about images, font family, font colour, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can ensure the same browser size every time you test (but that's easy)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there aren't any elements on page that are placed/resized/moved using javascript&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T20:21:46.700" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3123" CreationDate="2012-05-16T20:22:56.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;a href=&quot;http://utilu.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Utilu&lt;/a&gt; for Firefox and IE versions. Not only does it have the old versions, but also the latest overnight and beta builds too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thing I particularly like about Utilu is that each version is standalone, and so you don't have to install and re-install when you need to do some compatibility testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T20:22:56.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3133" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-16T21:40:24.720" Score="1" ViewCount="8366" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Execution status of scripts is different in Test lab and test plan ,seems the execution status is not getting updated for some scripts in test plan . the scripts  are passed in test lab but in test plan ,the execution status shows no run or not completed &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;let me know the solution to overcome this issue ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i am using QC 11 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2490" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:53:27.433" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T20:10:37.193" Title="Test Lab execution status does not pass back to Test Plan exec status for few scripts" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3129" CreationDate="2012-05-16T23:52:09.207" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;check this tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing-tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it saves screensshots during test execution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;watch Web Testing Video 5:27 to see how it works&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;maybe selecting another tool will be the best option&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;there are more videos with tutorials available&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2491" LastActivityDate="2012-05-16T23:52:09.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3142" CreationDate="2012-05-17T04:14:31.563" Score="6" ViewCount="1136" Body="&lt;p&gt;The module I'm testing creates some graphical reports which include things like scatter plots and multipage line graphs. The bitmap will never be exactly the same between test runs, since some variables, like current timestamp labels, are drawn. Currently I'm testing this output by converting the PDF which is created into a bitmap, then doing a simple test of the percentages of red, green, blue, white, black, etc. pixels present in the entire bitmap. I'm mainly using primary colours in the graphics so it works reasonably well. I have an error tolerance (set to 0.01%) which allows minor changes to get through like the timestamp label.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This current solution is a bit fragile - e.g. when a valid change happens to the graphics, then the colour balance may change and so I'll need to update the percentages expected in the test. It feels like I'm not really testing the content of the bitmap, and rather I'm just testing that the test data generates the same bitmap every time -- i.e. its detecting a change rather than testing its doing the right thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested to hear if anyone thinks this is a good approach to testing graphics? Has anyone used any other approach to test graphics which are in the form of a bitmap and/or PDF. The app is a desktop application written in C# and WPF 4.0. I'm running tests using the built in unit test framework of Visual Studio 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE: method of testing two images for similarity&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found a better way of comparing two images is by comparing their &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_histogram&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;color histograms&lt;/a&gt; via a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi-squared_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chi squared test&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's some more detail about the method here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6499491/comparing-two-histograms&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6499491/comparing-two-histograms&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/30606/507950&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/30606/507950&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda35f.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda35f.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www2.lv.psu.edu/jxm57/irp/chisquar.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www2.lv.psu.edu/jxm57/irp/chisquar.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1476" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-05-23T20:42:40.667" Title="How to test the graphical contents of a bitmap or a PDF file?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3125" CreationDate="2012-05-17T05:49:15.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is Microsoft's own &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_Surface_Analyzer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Attack Surface Analyzer Tool&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;which was first released in 2011, runs on Vista/Win7/Win Server 2008 and generates reports in HTML format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Attack Surface Analyzer is all in one tool for analysis of changes&#xA;  made to the various parts of the attack surface of Windows 6 series&#xA;  Operating System (includes Windows Vista and Windows 7). Using this&#xA;  one tool, you can analyze the changes made to the Registry, File&#xA;  permissions, Windows IIS Server, GAC assemblies and a lot more can be&#xA;  done[7]. According to Microsoft, it is the same tool in use by the&#xA;  engineers of the security team at Microsoft to analyze the effects of&#xA;  software installation on the Windows Operating System.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1476" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T05:49:15.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3139" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-17T10:32:42.997" Score="3" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you please give me  concrete examples of &lt;strong&gt;Edge cases&lt;/strong&gt; preferably for Financial systems (General Ledger)  and STP Settlements &lt;strong&gt;to help us kick start the right kind of thinking /approach by both the Business users and the Development teams&lt;/strong&gt; on our strategic project?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are already using the  &lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Test driven approach&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;However, to date Non-functional testing, and the Edge cases have not been the subject of much practical focus when the Activity cases and Acceptance criteria are scoped in timebox planning.&#xA;Practical focus meaning that there are cards for e.g. identifying the non-functional capabilities in scope, but due to pressures of team/ breadth of the project the timebox focus never gets down to the granularity of agreeing Edge cases. &#xA;I think, this is because the capability of the system to handle edge cases is to a greater extent is implicitly assumed  by the Business users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the Developers, probably they are covering this in their unit testing but we, on the general project team, including the technical co-ordinator, and the test co-ordinator do not have much visibility of this. Therefore, we may be missing out on opportunities to see where the real gaps lie until we go to Production.&#xA;What has your experience been?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2276" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:52:55.370" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:52:55.370" Title="Encouraging project teams to define Edge cases" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3139" CreationDate="2012-05-17T14:15:07.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can think of edge cases in terms of constraints and assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of &lt;em&gt;constraints&lt;/em&gt; might be the maximum field length in a UI,  a maximum column length in a database, a maximum or minimum dollar amount, a maximum/minimum percentage.  Another example would be the cardinality of relationships, e.g. user A never has more than one checking account or more than one beneficiary.  I test these kinds of constraints by using the exact minimum and maximum value (to make sure they work),  and a value a little bit less than the minimum or a little bit greater than the maximum (to make sure they are treated appropriately).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of an &lt;em&gt;assumption&lt;/em&gt; is the model for the temporal order of events.   (This is a fertile area for bugs at my company.)  When we design software for a process (like an accounting process), we have a particular order of events in mind, an order that corresponds to how we think users behave, or an order that seems reasonable to us, or an order that is easy to understand and explain.  If you understand those assumptions, you can test what happens when the assumptions are wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might try Googling for &quot;testing for edge cases&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-05-17T16:16:25.877" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T16:16:25.877" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3129" CreationDate="2012-05-17T15:41:58.473" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an alternative to simply making sure the values match completely every time, you may be able to create a little more reliable automation by checking things like certain elements don't intersect or element A is always above element B, etc.  This would require creating some additional functions to test these things.  This will give you some automated validation of layout without being so fragile and working cross browser, however I still don't think it will replace a visual validation of the page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T15:41:58.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3136" CreationDate="2012-05-17T15:51:44.220" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the image is being generated by some process, you should be able to automate just about the entire process right up until generating the image with any data set you want.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than testing every single data set being passed into whatever function generates the image, test the image generation the way you would approach testing almost any other unit: Test all of the boundaries and a range of valid and invalid inputs.  These tests should be static and not have data that is changing all the time.  If you are passing the exact same data into this function, the exact same image should be generated (except the timestamp which you mentioned).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is true that you are testing it has changed instead of testing that it is doing the right thing.  This isn't necessarily bad though, what you are doing is manual testing to verify it is valid and once you have valid results, recording that as your baseline.  If the result changes down the road for the same input there are two possibilities - either the code was updated and it is a known change in which case you would need to update your baselines, or it is a bug in which case you file a bug and keep your existing baselines.  I think there will always be that manual step of deciding whether the baseline should be updated or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-05-17T15:51:44.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-05-18T21:47:35.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried qTrace? They seem to be coming out with a free version of their screen capture and defect submitting tool. It integrates directly with a bunch of bug trackers, I used it with Bugzilla nicely. Found it here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://qasymphony.com/qtrace-features.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://qasymphony.com/qtrace-features.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2500" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T21:47:35.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-05-18T22:46:03.007" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I learned about Screenpresso&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.screenpresso.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.screenpresso.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not as good as SnagIt but much better than Jing. In free version you can record videos only up to 20 secs. This limitation is gone in paid version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T22:46:03.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3110" CreationDate="2012-05-18T23:12:24.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the above responses the definition varies. I sometimes say code coverage does not matter to me but test coverage does. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By test coverage I mean in this context that any possible behaviour of a class should be documented by tests (ie. if you look at the tests you should be able to make a safe assumption of the outputs and behaviour of any method of that class, provided any given set of inputs. Which also includes assumptions of invalid inputs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lines of code that do not impact behaviour are obviously undesirable, but if they exist that is usually less relevant. For me typical examples of such lines are small best practice approaches that are actually rarely used, so I might not test if I catch an exception if a file is written and I check if it exists before trying to write it. Having that sort of check often is better than not writing or testing this kind of code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2401" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T23:12:24.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1951" CreationDate="2012-05-18T23:17:01.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not aware of any software dedicated for reading Tamper Data files. There is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://randomizedcode.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/TDParser/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;python script to do this&lt;/a&gt; but I've never used it, I don't even know if it's working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the most popular languages have their own xml parsing libraries so writing something by yourself should be rather easy, and this is the solution I would go for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing is what do you want to achieve and do you really need Tamper Data for that? You could switch to Firebug (Net panel) with Netexport add-on. That would make possible for you to save traffic in HAR file. You would basically get the same data (and even more) and there are dedicated HAR parsers / analyzers you could use. Another solution is to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastActivityDate="2012-05-18T23:17:01.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2012-05-18T23:41:54.780" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, absolutely. The problem with ISTQB Syllabus is that it does not really reflect modern approaches and methodologies (especially in agile environments). I attended ISTQB training recently myself and I must say that at least half of it was useless (problems that were mentioned do not exist in an agile team to which I belong).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it does not say much about you as a tester it may be a value to your career. Depends on where you live (or where you will be seeking jobs in the future). In my area, the certificate is always mentioned as 'nice-to-have' in all job adverts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've heard the advanced-level exams are much more difficult and if I were you I would take at least one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I said the certificate is good for a career even if it doesn't give you much knowledge. So you may wonder - is there any training/certification that comes with some useful knowledge? &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Association For Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; provides online training. They are not (yet?) recognized by employers, but I heard they can change the way you look at testing. I am not sure if it's true or not (although people who told me about AST were definitely trustworthy), but I am going to take the training in September. Then I will share my thoughts here. ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:15:41.487" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:15:41.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3148" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-19T15:04:28.373" Score="3" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I'm looking for is a tool that would be able to detect and visualize keyboard actions when recording video.  I imagine a resize-able always-on-top window showing current keyboard layout and actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use case is any situation when in a bug report, response of tested software to keyboard needs to be described in detail.  Video is often good choice except that most of the time either sound is not available at all, or vocal description of keyboard actions might be insufficient or even disturbing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if such software exists, but it would be useful.  Any tips?  (My platform is Windows but I'd be happy to have covered more platforms in this Q.  And of course, free/libre- software is strongly preferred.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2459" LastActivityDate="2012-05-19T15:54:35.277" Title="Keyboard visualisation tool?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3148" CreationDate="2012-05-19T15:14:40.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something like: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dan.hersam.com/2009/05/01/how-to-display-keystrokes-for-screencasts-on-windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dan.hersam.com/2009/05/01/how-to-display-keystrokes-for-screencasts-on-windows&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also referenced on: &lt;a href=&quot;https://superuser.com/questions/239403/what-software-is-available-for-showing-keystrokes-on-the-screen&quot;&gt;https://superuser.com/questions/239403/what-software-is-available-for-showing-keystrokes-on-the-screen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just ran across this too: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3529329/how-to-display-pressed-keyboard-shortcuts-on-screen-during-presentations-or-scre&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3529329/how-to-display-pressed-keyboard-shortcuts-on-screen-during-presentations-or-scre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2501" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-05-19T15:54:35.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3158" CreationDate="2012-05-20T03:13:20.587" Score="4" ViewCount="6153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read about Fitnesse in a number of books but when I look on the web I don't see much activity with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And a newbie question - how does fitnesse fit into the Selenium world? Are they equivalent ways of solving the same problem or do they fit together somehow? Is fitnesse going anywhere? Why does no one seem to be talking about it, (or do I just look in the wrong places).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess I need a 50,000 foot view of Fitnesse and how it fits in the automated testing tools world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2418" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-05-22T02:11:31.117" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T01:53:42.453" Title="How do fitnesse and selenium work together" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3150" CreationDate="2012-05-20T04:04:09.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never used Fitnesse, but here is what I gleaned from the documentation.  Fitnesse is a tool for organizing and running tests.  You write &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/FitNesse.UserGuide.FixtureCode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fixtures&lt;/a&gt; to translate Fitnesse's representation of a test into an actual action that tests something (e.g. an call into an application API).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could write fixtures that call the Selenium API.  That is how Fitnesse and Selenium would fit together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-05-20T18:54:45.207" LastActivityDate="2012-05-20T18:54:45.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3150" CreationDate="2012-05-20T21:45:57.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually there is a project on GitHub called &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/marisaseal/selenesse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenesse&lt;/a&gt; with this aim:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Selenesse is the modern bridge between FitNesse and Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2459" LastActivityDate="2012-05-20T21:45:57.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2012-05-21T03:25:19.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;SeeTest from &lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Experitest&lt;/a&gt; is a cross-platform tool for iPhone, Android, WindowsMobile, Symbian and Blackberry. The Object identification is based on 4 methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;image recognition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Native ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Text recognition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and Web DOM.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can give a try to this tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2506" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-05-21T12:21:18.530" LastActivityDate="2012-05-21T12:21:18.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3150" CreationDate="2012-05-21T08:54:21.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some teams I coached in Sydney not so long ago began using FitNesse from day 1 of their agile adoption after years of test-last using QTP. It's wiki-based interface is excellent and IMO is still a weak point of many other ATDD/BDD tools re bridging the communication gap with non-technical folk. FitNesse fixtures typically plug straight into the business logic which means they don't break so much when you reconfigure the UI (unlike a lot of UI-based testing automated tests). For that and the accessibility of the integrated wiki I like it a lot more than most Selenium setups I hear about. The FIT test system was re-architected not so long ago (as SLIM) and I consider FitNesse an up-to-date and highly relevant tool. I think it's a pity that more people don't use it to get non-technical people engaged with specification by example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2507" LastActivityDate="2012-05-21T08:54:21.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3081" CreationDate="2012-05-21T09:23:31.457" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the end I have gone with robotframework, as it is open source, well documented, and highly extensible. I've gone for the python version as opposed to jython, but this is mostly because I already have a decent python environment set up and have experience with python, but not java, so would like to be able to make use of its standard library in my test libraries. For those with a lot more experience in Java, I hear it's just as good an experience to use the jython version which gives you access to the JVM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that made my decision easier was the RIDE tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KN6eu.png&quot; alt=&quot;RIDE - Writing keywords&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M3EEK.png&quot; alt=&quot;RIDE - Running tests&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just a UI that makes it simple to put together your robot tests and manage tags and execution, that is written in wxPython. The choice of GUI framework leads to a few things being non-optimal on OSX, such as copy/paste and a few keyboard shortcuts, however this is still workable. What this tool excels at however is guiding you towards a sensible architecture. Your test suites can form a logical hierarchy, with common keywords encapsulated as a resource. The RIDE interface also make it possible to see documentation and argument hints from libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a note on libraries this is simple - all you need in order to implement a library usable from robot, is a class that sits in a file of the same name. You can then use robot's library import to initialise an instance of this class. Methods of this class are then made available by name in your robot tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when you then run these tests, you get an automatically generated html log/report, which reports any successes or failures, and allows you to drill down to see the finer grained results of individual test steps, or will just give you an overview of what went on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mpvPZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;robot results&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an example of a test library this is the skeleton of my simple class for interacting with Eggplant over XML-RPC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class EggplantDriver(object):&#xA;    #Snipped docstring and class attributes&#xA;    def print_thing(self, name, value): #Snipped method&#xA;    @property&#xA;    def client(self): #Snipped method&#xA;    def __init__(self, uri, suite, SUT=None, verbose=False): #Snipped method&#xA;    def change_suite(self, new_suite): #Snipped method&#xA;    def start_session(self, new_suite=None): #Snipped method&#xA;    def end_session(self): #Snipped method&#xA;    def connect_SUT(self, SUT=None): #Snipped method&#xA;    def disconnect_SUT(self): #Snipped method&#xA;    def execute(self, cmd): #Snipped method&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then subclassed this as the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from EggplantDriver import EggplantDriver&#xA;class SenseTalkCommands(EggplantDriver):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    An additional wrapper around EggplantDriver to give some common sensetalk&#xA;    commands directly in Robot&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    def Click(self, locator):&#xA;        return self.execute(&#xA;            &quot;Click %s&quot;%locator&#xA;        )&#xA;    def WaitFor(self, Time, Image):&#xA;        return self.execute(&#xA;            'WaitFor %d, %s'%(int(Time),&#xA;                              Image)&#xA;        )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which gives you the keywords to use as in the first screenshot - &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KN6eu.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RIDE - Writing keywords&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1125" LastActivityDate="2012-05-21T09:23:31.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3150" CreationDate="2012-05-21T21:49:01.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I too have found Fitnesse to be a bit clunky compared with some of the more 'modern' BDD tools around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regard to using Selenium and Fitnesse, take a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://xebia.github.com/Xebium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Xebium&lt;/a&gt; plugin. It was written by a Dutch company for their use and is freely available on Github. I have not used Xebium on a project, but did use the Selenium IDE plugin to export recorded scripts to Fitnesse syntax and they seemed ok. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2012-05-21T21:49:01.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3150" CreationDate="2012-05-22T02:08:40.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;FitNesse has not received the levels of adoption that other open source testing tools have. FitNesse pre-dates the use of Behaviour Driven Development tools and frameworks (Cucumber, Specflow, RSpec).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst there are no doubt users of FitNesse who will love it, I have personally found the wiki-html table-esque keyword driven style in practice does not lend itself to the clean designs that you can achieve with the well supported BDD tools like Cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does this relate to Selenium? Selenium can serve as an execution engine on the &quot;back end&quot; of a test automation stack that is driven by Cucumber or FitNesse. When used like this, FitNesse and Cucumber are used as a way to document the test from the point of view of the business domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T01:53:42.453" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T01:53:42.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3125" CreationDate="2012-05-22T02:28:20.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I think that the important first step of any security test is to build a good threat model. The threat modelling process if done correctly should surface a lot of the potential areas for attack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-05-22T02:28:20.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3161" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3168" CreationDate="2012-05-22T12:48:01.067" Score="-1" ViewCount="1547" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to create test automation of the Adobe AIR application. In application under test there a lot of custom controls, input / output and drag and drop operations. &#xA;Now I'm thinking about Flex Monkey and a tool, which performs screenshot-based automation. Flex Monkey has a lot of restrictions, and screenshot-based tools are slow. And what do you think about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2304" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T04:47:27.920" Title="What is the most appropriate tool to perfrom test automation of Adobe AIR applications?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3162" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3163" CreationDate="2012-05-22T21:30:30.180" Score="12" ViewCount="3322" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don’t know much about &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_map&quot;&gt;Mind maps&lt;/a&gt; but I’ve seen expert testers (James Bach and Michael Bolton) use them to plan out their test strategy – usually in a demonstration. It seems like a plausible way to build test cases or outline a test strategy since a picture can be easier to understand. Has anyone used Mind Maps this way or found value in them for testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T12:35:56.810" Title="Are Mind Maps useful as a testing tool?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-05-22T22:31:43.310" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Read MindMapping 101 from Darren McMillan - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bettertesting.co.uk/content/?p=956&quot;&gt;http://www.bettertesting.co.uk/content/?p=956&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this discussion ( prompted by myself ) on the STC - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/forum/topics/im-the-map-im-the-map-im-the&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/forum/topics/im-the-map-im-the-map-im-the&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are nothing new, use of them seems to come in waves - as your question demonstrates :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-05-22T22:31:43.310" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3161" CreationDate="2012-05-23T08:38:32.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adobe Air offers great &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/accessibility/products/flex/best_practices.html%20%22usability%20support%22.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;usability support&lt;/a&gt;. Once your app developer supports usability (controls have good names, etc), there are plenty of tools to drive Air using the usability handles. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/testing_usability.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Plenty of tools listed here&lt;/a&gt;, Selenium is quite popular. If it runs on the desktop, any usability tool should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2136" LastActivityDate="2012-05-23T08:38:32.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3165" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5752" CreationDate="2012-05-23T17:44:05.963" Score="3" ViewCount="12822" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to HP QTP / UFT Automation tool. Could you please suggest some free good websites that provide elearning, training, tutorials, and videos for mastery of HP's QTP software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is QTP?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP’s Quick Test Professional (QTP) is a software that facilitates Automation Testing for software applications – Functional and Regression testing to be more specific. QTP comes with a user interface that can be considered an Integrated Development environment (IDE) for the test itself. The IDE has various features that aid the tester to develop a comprehensive script which would successfully validate the purpose of the test. All these features will be discussed in detail as we proceed through the series of these articles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the important aspects of QTP:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It uses VB Script as its scripting language. (A scripting language is one that gets interpreted at runtime)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP runs only in a windows environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The current version of QTP / UFT is 14.00 Released January 27, 2017&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Former software division of Hewlett Packard Enterprise is now part of Micro Focus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The technologies it supports are Web, Java.Net, SAP, Oracle, Siebel, PeopleSoft, Web Services, and many major languages. Although some of the older versions don’t support all the technologies listed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get a 60 day trial of UFT at &lt;a href=&quot;https://software.microfocus.com/en-us/products/unified-functional-automated-testing/free-trial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://software.microfocus.com/en-us/products/unified-functional-automated-testing/free-trial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks! :)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1871" LastEditorUserId="1871" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T14:49:41.690" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T14:49:41.690" Title="What are the Best Free HP QTP / UFT Advanced eLearning Training Videos &amp; Tutorials?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;qtp-11.0&gt;&lt;uft-12.52&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-05-29T19:04:23.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-05-23T19:11:41.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, my team has been using Mind Maps to write and run our test cases for over a year now with much success. My team like to use them as you can visually see what has been tested, and not been tested. I've blogged about it some as well.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://testerstrek.blogspot.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testerstrek.blogspot.ca/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2514" LastActivityDate="2012-05-23T19:11:41.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3136" CreationDate="2012-05-23T20:42:40.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For timestamps on the image, all other things being equal, you could just mask out that area to white, and then test as per a static image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1388" LastActivityDate="2012-05-23T20:42:40.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3161" CreationDate="2012-05-24T04:47:27.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We were able to successfully automate UI validation with FlexMonkey. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I agree forums and discussions are quite less (gorilla logic forum is the only forum which has good set of discussion items)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application load time, running scripts is little slow but its manageable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have any specific issues you can post in the forum&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please check below links. This was useful for me to get started and good reference material&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesward.com/2011/03/02/testing-flex-apps-with-flexmonkey-reloaded/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.jamesward.com/2011/03/02/testing-flex-apps-with-flexmonkey-reloaded/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T04:47:27.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3169" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-24T04:48:46.603" Score="9" ViewCount="63795" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to automate a case in which I have to download an Excel file using Selenium IDE.I have done this in Firefox by using custom profile feature which automatically downloads file and saves it into a user-defined folder. To do the same in Internet Explorer (IE), is there anything in IE like custom profile and preferences? how do I prompt IE to automatically download a file? I am using Java for automation. Kindly help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*If you guys use java selenium, this article will be useful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver で IE11/Edge のファイルダウンロードを自動化する&#xA;（IE11/Edge file download process automation by Selenium WebDriver）&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://qiita.com/VA_nakatsu/items/633226898cba4cff564e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://qiita.com/VA_nakatsu/items/633226898cba4cff564e&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2334" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2021-04-06T06:30:16.573" LastActivityDate="2021-04-06T06:30:16.573" Title="Downloading a file in Internet Explorer through Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2012-05-24T09:35:19.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote this recently - &lt;a href=&quot;http://rosiesherry.com/2012/05/mindmaps-testing-pinterest/&quot;&gt;http://rosiesherry.com/2012/05/mindmaps-testing-pinterest/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My theory is that we can learn from other people's mindmaps and it would be useful to have a bunch in one place - I've used Pinterest for this because it is easy and visual, am sure there are other ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2515" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T09:35:19.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3171" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-24T11:21:38.837" Score="3" ViewCount="2062" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate Sharepoint. Firstly to start with the basic features, further my sites, site collections and so on. Can anyone suggest a good tool to automate system tests for Sharepoint since it is using Microsoft Silverlight?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2516" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T22:43:00.573" Title="What is the most appropriate tool to automate Sharepoint application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3173" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3174" CreationDate="2012-05-24T15:52:35.647" Score="3" ViewCount="735" Body="&lt;p&gt;As my company begins its first agile project, I'm wondering if it would be easier to have separate tasks for QA and development for each story/requirement. Is it a cleaner process or will the lack of insight into development tasks be hazardous for QA since their tasks will be separate. Any feedback would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2520" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T21:23:31.360" Title="Separate tasks between development and QA" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3173" CreationDate="2012-05-24T16:50:24.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company has been using Agile for a while so I can provide some answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all we do only black-box testing, we don't have the access to the code. Therefore each story has some technical sub-tasks defined and these tasks are handled only by developers. We don't test them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the rest - we share all the tasks/stories (whatever you call it). There are reasons for that. One is that you mentioned - the lack of insight, lack of the &quot;big picture&quot; may become a problem. There is a difference between testing and quality assurance. You need the big picture, you need to monitor everything that's happening in a project, so you can see the risks early. I don't only report bugs to developers. My duty is also to report about the possible risks to project manager. While developers often work on just a part of the application, someone is needed to look at it as a whole. That's why I think separating tasks is simply not a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing is that working on common tasks seems just easier and simpler to me. You asked if separating tasks is &quot;cleaner&quot; process. Well, I don't think so, I'd say just opposite. It would be much easier for everyone to define states (like implemented/tested/resolved etc.) for every task and implement a proper workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last thing - common tasks = better planning. If you are implementing the Agile you must have heard about colored cards on the wall (if not - google for 'color cards agile'). This is great idea - it lets me see what is currently being developed (or waiting in development queue). Thanks to that I can better plan my work (for instance - I can see that even if I don't have too much to do at the moment, things might get hectic soon (because there are lots of tasks being implemented so they will be assigned to me next day)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps. Good luck with transition to Agile. It may be difficult in the beginning but eventually things will get smooth. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T16:50:24.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3173" CreationDate="2012-05-24T19:10:54.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to go with my favorite answer here - it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's why: often testing is black-box, and testing tasks can have little relationship to programming tasks within the same user story, particularly if you're working with an existing code base that's got years of waterfall development (and not much unit testing) behind it. At the same time, you want to decide on the tasks as a team, and decide whether they fall into the testing realm or the programming realm (or somewhere else). Your testers might not have the technical skills to take programming tasks, but your programmers can take testing tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest that the team works together to decide the tasks, and whether for this particular task or story it makes sense to separate testing or not. For instance, where I work it's common to have programming tasks to create internal business objects or business logic engines. These can't be directly tested, so the testing realm for these tasks is pretty much missing - the testing happens when the GUI use of the objects or engines is available, and when the database changes reflecting them occur. Other tasks might have a lot of overlap, such as adding validation to a logon form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, the &quot;best&quot; solution is what works best for your team with that task. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T19:10:54.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3173" CreationDate="2012-05-24T21:23:31.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a true agile project the line between development and testing can become very, very blurry. A team that is properly implementing behavior driven development (BDD) will be automating acceptance tests as part of each feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are pros and cons with this approach as each feature is not done until the automation is written, however the tests are typically at a lower level than a tester would right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing is that typically, they are not actually testing, they are checking instead. For actual testing you need someone with a testers mindset to research and apply sapience and utilize heuristics to find bugs in a typically exploratory manner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-05-24T21:23:31.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3190" CreationDate="2012-05-24T23:03:31.673" Score="2" ViewCount="1734" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been tasked with implementing automated testing for a web portal. The product is currently developed using flex, but we will be transitioning to html5 at some point. My supervisors want a tool that will work for both flex and html5. Another intern and I have been unable to get SilkTest to work with flex, and I'm confused as to what options exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any free options that might be a better fit than SilkTest?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2521" LastEditorUserId="2521" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T15:36:21.927" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T03:32:37.903" Title="What tools are available for automated testing of flex/html5?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1305" CreationDate="2012-05-25T03:35:13.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;squish 4.2 using Qt will record my menu bar interactions, so you may have already done this by now but you can try the latest squish. A problem that I have is bringing the focus back to the AUT once I run the test so that I can test menu bar functionality. Squish hooks into Qt just fine but the problem is the application does not actually have focus when you run the test so the menu bar does not show up even after registering a mouse event somewhere on the application during testing to bring focus. During the test it seems to ignore the recorded mouse event or that maybe how it was intended. An easy work around is snoozing for a few seconds and manually bringing focus to the AUT. Something to consider once you get your issue resolved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2523" LastActivityDate="2012-05-25T03:35:13.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3179" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3981" CreationDate="2012-05-25T07:02:21.917" Score="5" ViewCount="412" Body="&lt;p&gt;While comparing the run of my wizard and a similar standard one, I have to check all entrances into all functions for both cases. Is there some tool that can automate the process? I can't do it by simply inserting the log lines in code, because 98% of the process run inside the code of library functions. Can the java machine catch every entrance or leave in/out of every method and log it somewhere?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2009" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T10:04:52.700" Title="Can I (in Eclipse/java) automate the logging of all enters and leaves into or out of all functions, including library ones?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3622" CreationDate="2012-05-25T09:00:56.003" Score="5" ViewCount="1825" Body="&lt;p&gt;My first question here so please bear with me. It may be off topic, if so - close the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have setup Jenkins with git and Xcode plugins so that I would be able to build an iOS project on CI machine (Mac Mini). All it does is launch &lt;code&gt;xcodebuild&lt;/code&gt; binary with provided parameters for target and configuration. However - I don't seem to get any unit test output. I see the compilation messages (for implementation files as well as xibs), I see the build of test bundle, but no &quot;test passed&quot; or &quot;test failed&quot; messages from test suites. Running unit tests from Xcode produces all the needed output. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2526" LastEditorUserId="2526" LastEditDate="2012-05-28T09:45:01.157" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T23:26:15.767" Title="xcodebuild does not run any unit tests when launched from console" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3183" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3216" CreationDate="2012-05-26T09:02:21.177" Score="2" ViewCount="878" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any &lt;strong&gt;similar&lt;/strong&gt; function/ &lt;strong&gt;command&lt;/strong&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;MonkeyTalk&lt;/strong&gt;, like &lt;strong&gt;WaitForPageToLoad&lt;/strong&gt; which is in Selenium, that lets me specify the script to &lt;strong&gt;wait for a screen to render&lt;/strong&gt; before moving ahead? I checked MonkeyTalk's language reference but could not find a way. Also searched for this issue on Google but it didn't help me much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The iOS native app i'm testing takes some time to load and open up the home screen after login. After recording the event flow using MonkeyTalk, and running the test script, the script always fails because it does not wait for the home screen to render and moves ahead to identify the UI element being clicked by the user, which it does not find. Any suggestions will be helpful. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2530" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T21:16:11.347" Title="Need a similar functionality like WaitForPageToLoad in MonkeyTalk" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3291" CreationDate="2012-05-28T08:33:25.990" Score="6" ViewCount="24490" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a simple test that launches browser and calls a URL. This works fine in IE but when I select Firefox (FF) browser it opens a blank page. See the code snippet below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is similar to this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2213/i-face-a-problem-while-opening-firefox-with-selenium-script&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; that concludes one has to change the settings in &lt;code&gt;about:config&lt;/code&gt;'s &lt;code&gt;toolkit.telemetry.prompted&lt;/code&gt; to 2. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in my case its already 2, hence I have posted the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.junit.After;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumServer;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;&#xA;&#xA;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.*;&#xA;&#xA;public class BascOne  extends SeleneseTestBase {&#xA;    private SeleniumServer seleniumserver;&#xA;&#xA;    //start the selenium server&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public    void startServer()&#xA;    {&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void launchTest() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        seleniumserver = new SeleniumServer();&#xA;&#xA;        seleniumserver.start();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        setUp(&quot;http://yahoo.com/&quot;, &quot;firefox&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.windowMaximize();&#xA;        selenium.windowFocus();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;IN THE  TEST METHOD&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        selenium.open(&quot;http://yahoo.com/&quot;);    &#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;BEFORE WAIT&quot;);        &#xA;&#xA;        if(selenium != null){&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Is there any exception&quot;);&#xA;            try {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;In the try block&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;                selenium.close();&#xA;                selenium.shutDownSeleniumServer();        &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            } catch(Exception exp) {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Shutdown exception: &quot; + exp.getMessage());&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @After&#xA;    public void tearDown()  {&#xA;    }    &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1351" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T03:31:31.177" Title="Firefox browser launches blank page while running tests via Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3177" CreationDate="2012-05-28T12:43:15.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;RIATest works with flex and html5: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cogitek.com/riatest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cogitek.com/riatest.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1017" LastEditorUserId="1017" LastEditDate="2012-09-17T09:09:10.613" LastActivityDate="2012-09-17T09:09:10.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3187" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-28T15:17:32.803" Score="3" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a selenium test script executes unusually slow, what are the possible reasons which could be making script performace slow ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What steps should a tester use to analyse and debug the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1610" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T01:57:44.287" LastActivityDate="2012-06-17T20:55:07.343" Title="What are the possible reasons you can think of which could be making selenium test script performace slow?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3187" CreationDate="2012-05-28T16:27:41.863" Score="5" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The script uses a poor algorithm, and therefore executes many more statements than are necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The script uses external resources (e.g. disk or remote servers) that inject numerous or lengthy delays into the execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The script's job is inherently computationally expensive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="117" LastEditDate="2012-05-28T23:10:03.357" LastActivityDate="2012-05-28T23:10:03.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3189" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-28T17:21:44.403" Score="3" ViewCount="2067" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YwAsc.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The below xpath which is captured for links in selenium IDE is not running in Selenium RC.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The links are designed in XML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.ClickAt(&quot;xpath=/html/body/div/div[2]/ul/li[3]&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;selenium.ClickAt(&quot;xpath=/html/body/div/div[2]/ul[2]/li[2]/span&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The links are from the five links we need to click on Administration and from that we need to click on client user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Admin--&gt;Client User&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2533" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T13:31:06.740" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T13:36:25.260" Title="Xpath captured using Selenium IDE is not running in Selenium RC for Links designed in XML" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3177" CreationDate="2012-05-28T18:13:42.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;SmartBear TestComplete 9 now works with both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2534" LastActivityDate="2012-05-28T18:13:42.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-28T19:09:37.637" Score="3" ViewCount="1671" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know unit test suites exist for Android, Blackberry, Windows Phone, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have some experience in writing unit tests in Java using JUnit, and C++ using CppUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would one want to write a unit test for a mobile phone? For example, why not just use JUnit to test Android and BlackBerry code? Is it because both devices have device specific APIs that cannot be tested using JUnit? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: &#xA;Links:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iterativo.wordpress.com/tag/blackberry-bunit-unittesting/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://iterativo.wordpress.com/tag/blackberry-bunit-unittesting/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2535" LastEditorUserId="2535" LastEditDate="2012-05-28T20:49:38.090" LastActivityDate="2012-06-01T18:19:33.897" Title="Why run unit tests on mobile devices?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2907" CreationDate="2012-05-29T00:46:48.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automagical bottleneck detection is the holy grail of performance testing.  Depending upon what you setup for monitoring and how you are able to cross correlate with your observed results you can derive insight onto the source of the bottleneck, i.e., a long response time combined with high disk activity on the database server + high table scans + high number of records transferred to client likely indicates an unoptimized query missing and index and (perhaps) returning more data than is absolutely necessary to satisfy the client need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance analysis is a field which is particularly well suited to expert systems development for inclusion of rules to analysis sets for candidates for bottlenecks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T00:46:48.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2606" CreationDate="2012-05-29T01:32:08.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no timeout, as others have said.&#xA;However, the &lt;code&gt;ImplicitlyWait()&lt;/code&gt; that has been suggested is actually for page elements to appear. For page loading, you want to set the &quot;page load&quot; timeout instead. This will then interrupt your &lt;code&gt;get()&lt;/code&gt; call after that many milliseconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're using Java, you use &lt;code&gt;setScriptTimeout()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If using PHP I added this function to the end of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver.php&lt;/code&gt; and it works for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * Set wait for a page to load.&#xA; * &#xA; * @param Number $waitTimeout Number of milliseconds to wait.&#xA; */&#xA;public function setPageLoadTimeout($waitTimeout) {&#xA;    $request = $this-&amp;gt;requestURL . &quot;/timeouts&quot;;        &#xA;    $session = $this-&amp;gt;curlInit($request);&#xA;    $args = array('type'=&amp;gt;'page load', 'ms' =&amp;gt; $waitTimeout);&#xA;    $jsonData = json_encode($args);&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;preparePOST($session, $jsonData);&#xA;    curl_exec($session);        &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol#/session/:sessionId/timeouts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol#/session/:sessionId/timeouts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2537" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T08:38:38.360" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T08:38:38.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3194" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3201" CreationDate="2012-05-29T02:06:56.893" Score="6" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hypothetically, lets assume that I am testing the &quot;Search and compare flights&quot; functionality of this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.travel.com.au/flights.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;website&lt;/a&gt;*, and I want to apply a combinational testing technique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where should a tester start this testing process? What should their first steps be? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*I am not really testing this site, this was just chosen as an example for this hypothetical question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T01:30:01.150" Title="What are the first steps a tester should perform when using combinational testing?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2012-05-29T06:25:04.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a similar issue and found the problem was the combination of firefox version and selenium server version. You could try either downgrading firefox or upgrading selenium to the latest version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/about/platforms.html#browsers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/about/platforms.html#browsers&lt;/a&gt; browsers supported in the latest versions, note that the latest version only supports up to firefox 10 at the moment...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2485" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T06:25:04.283" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3191" CreationDate="2012-05-29T11:15:44.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a developer of any of these platforms (only iOS), but I can think of one reason: device hardware:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your tests may run on your computer with computer's performance (multicore with few gigs of ram). Most mobile devices (some already do have dual-core processors and up 2GB of ram) do not have such parameters (yet). This way unit tests may be used to find bottlenecks in low-level code of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am not sure about Blackberry, Android or WP, but iOS does not give access to camera device from the code when it's being run on the simulator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2526" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T11:15:44.887" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3187" CreationDate="2012-05-29T11:24:04.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some cases Xpath selectors can slow down the run time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T11:24:04.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3189" CreationDate="2012-05-29T11:27:13.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.ClickAt(&quot;xpath=//html/body/div/div[2]/ul/li[3]&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T17:00:43.617" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T17:00:43.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3199" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-05-29T13:11:07.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XPath&lt;/strong&gt; (XML Path Language)&lt;/a&gt; is the result of an effort to provide a common syntax and semantics for functionality shared between XSL Transformations &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XSLT&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xptr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPointer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary purpose of XPath is to address parts of an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XML&lt;/a&gt; document. In support of this primary purpose, it also provides basic facilities for manipulation of strings, numbers and booleans. XPath uses a compact, non-XML syntax to facilitate use of XPath within URIs and XML attribute values. XPath operates on the abstract, logical structure of an XML document, rather than its surface syntax. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath gets its name from its use of a path notation as in URLs for navigating through the hierarchical structure of an XML document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-05-29T13:31:16.927" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T13:31:16.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3200" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-05-29T13:11:07.490" Score="0" Body="XPath (XML Path Language) is  language for addressing parts of an XML document, designed to be used by both XSLT and XPointer. It also provides basic facilities for manipulation of strings, numbers and booleans. XPath uses a compact, non-XML syntax. XPath operates on the abstract, logical structure of an XML document, rather than its surface syntax." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-13T02:59:50.630" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T02:59:50.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3194" CreationDate="2012-05-29T14:33:13.270" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Combinatorial testing is an approach to testing an operation that has many inputs.  For that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.travel.com.au/flights.html&quot;&gt;website&lt;/a&gt;, I would start by identifying the operations.  Sometimes there will be a specification for the system, but often there is not, and in any case the specification is unlikely to match the system in every detail.  I recommend reading the specification and then carefully working your way through every feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Identifying Operations&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a busy site.  The first thing I noticed is that you can search for things.  If you fill in some fields and click a button, the site will respond with some search results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are smaller operations taking place within the search part of the page.  For example, on the flight search page, if you enter a location in the From: to To: boxes, the site attempts to make the location more specific.  For instance, &quot;Austin&quot; becomes, &quot;Austin, United States&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next thing I noticed about that site is that there are several ads positioned below and to the right of the search box.  The ads vary in size.  Some are static and others scroll.  Some have additional text beneath them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Identifying The Inputs&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having identified the operations, you next want to identify the inputs.  For example, field values are inputs to the search operation, but there are other inputs too: there is a database of items to search (e.g. flights, hotel rooms, or rental cars).  The search operation may also use inputs that are not readily apparent to the user: a bias in favor of certain vendors based on the site owner's business relationships, or a bias based on your previous history with the site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, the To: and From: boxes appear to have a database of place names.  Some place names may be unique (I suspect there is only one Kalamazoo in the United States, but there are multiple places named Austin).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I refreshed the page several times and never say the ads change position, but that does not mean the ad layout is static: for example, the content and position of each ad might vary by time of day or by the viewer's geolocation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Analyzing The Inputs&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having identified the inputs, you next want to analyze them according to their scope and their interdependence.  An input's &lt;em&gt;scope&lt;/em&gt; is the set of operations that the input affects.  Some inputs are specific to one operation (a field value in a search box), whereas others may affect multiple operations (e.g. the user's previous history at the site or the user's geolocation).  Sometimes it is convenient to refer to inputs with a large scope as &lt;em&gt;the environment&lt;/em&gt;.  For a website, the environment might include such factors as the browser, language settings, timezone, and screen resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An input's &lt;em&gt;interdependence&lt;/em&gt; is its relationships with other inputs, i.e. whether the input interacts with other inputs.  Sometimes an input's permissible values depends on another input.  For example, on the flight page the departure date needs to precede the return date, and on the holiday  page page, the country and city inputs depend on the region input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An even more important sense of interdependence is your own belief in which a system's behavior depends on the interaction of two inputs.  If you are certain that two inputs are unrelated to each other, write that down.  And conversely, if you are certain that the system behaves differently for different combinations of certain variables, write that down too.  That information will help you choose which input tuples you ultimately test with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-05-30T01:30:01.150" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T01:30:01.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3189" CreationDate="2012-05-29T15:48:31.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can change the xpath to &lt;code&gt;xpath=//html/body/div/div[2]/ul/li[3]&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;Also, sometimes the IDE records the xpath but while using them in RC script you will get an error. It's best to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/xpather/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPather&lt;/a&gt; to get the xpath or geting the xpath using  &lt;a href=&quot;http://getfirebug.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Firebug&lt;/a&gt; will do good too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: IE sometimes gives problem with xpath. So please try to keep this as your last option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-26T22:50:23.743" LastActivityDate="2012-12-26T22:50:23.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3187" CreationDate="2012-05-29T15:52:43.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;too much use of xpath will make the test run slow. so this should be the last resort.&#xA;we should always try to follow the selenium object identification like use id then name and link before using xpath or csspath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2012-05-29T15:52:43.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2012-05-29T16:52:53.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found that WebDriver works with IE 9 and Windows / NTLM authentication via using Windows Impersonation and IE's automatic logon feature.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;An example of the impersonateValidUser method you'll need to call can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/306158&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Impersonate a Specific User in Code&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially you want to do the following (ensuring that IE 9 is configured to &quot;Log me in automatically&quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;impersonateValidUser(&quot;DifferentUser&quot;, &quot;DOMAIN&quot;, &quot;Password&quot;);&#xA;// WebDriver now logged in as &quot;DifferentUser&quot;&#xA;IWebDriver webDriver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To revert back to the user running the tests / Selenium RC just call:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;undoImpersonation();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2543" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-20T23:16:57.470" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T23:16:57.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3205" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-29T17:35:17.747" Score="13" ViewCount="11421" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a Windows desktop application, that requests data from a server during certain operations. I want to make sure the application can handle all possible responses, including bad ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the easiest way to accomplish this?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will I have to create a test server, and use the hosts file to connect to that server instead of the real server?  Is there a better way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there tools available that can already do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="685" LastEditorUserId="685" LastEditDate="2012-05-31T15:14:11.730" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T07:58:00.590" Title="How can I spoof HTTP request data while testing?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3205" CreationDate="2012-05-29T17:45:14.487" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; is a great tool for this kind of testing.  It is an http proxy which allows you to send a request and then &quot;fiddle&quot; with both the request and the response between your app and going to the server.  You can make small changes to a response, or create a response from scratch to send to your app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-17T07:58:00.590" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T07:58:00.590" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3165" CreationDate="2012-05-29T18:46:05.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/quick-test-professional-qtp-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Free HP UFT/QTP (Quick Test Professional) Tutorials by Guru99&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key things to remember include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Object identification process of QTP (HP UFT) is the core of its automation technology. Understanding the object identification process of QTP is key to becoming successful automation engineer. Pay attention to following lessons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parameterization enables you to run the same QTP test for different test data. Checkpoints adjudicate the pass or fail status to your automation tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The biggest challenge in automation is recognizing GUI objects and manipulating those objects. QTP provides a range of tools like smart identification, ordinal identifiers, to deal with these challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The goal of QTP automation is to run the test scripts unattended 24X7. But things can go wrong. A robust automation script should be able to handle any exceptions that may arise during script execution. Recovery scenarios will check and fix any error that occur during the automation of the script.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A frame work is a set of guideline for test automation which when followed during automation scripting produce beneficial outcomes like increase code re-usage, higher portability , reduced script maintenance cost, etc. Let’s study different types of frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;API are becoming very popular since it is time efficient, language independent, have easy GUI integration. QTP gives you a broad spectrum of features to do API testing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full Syllabus Details include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record &amp;amp; Run Settings | Recording the Script &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object Identification  (Must Watch)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding Expert View &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding Recorded Script &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Replay | Run Settings &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Results for QTP &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parametrization &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkpoints - Standard CheckPoints &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OutPut Values &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If &amp;amp; Else Loop &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reporter.Report Event | Results Formatting &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actions &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SMART Identification &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object Property Modification &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ordinal Identifiers &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Local Object Repository &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Develop Script in EXPERT View&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recording Modes in QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Defined Functions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transactions &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recovery Scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optional Step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GetROProperty | Object Spy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Descriptive Programming - Part 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Automation Frameworks - (This is an Article not a Video)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating Automation Frameworks with QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definite Guide to QTP Certification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business Process Testing(BPT)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Excel with QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile Testing with QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment Variable in QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;API Testing with QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP Interview Questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP Quiz&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2544" LastEditorUserId="1871" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T14:21:46.553" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T14:21:46.553" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-05-29T19:04:23.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3208" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-29T22:49:57.490" Score="2" ViewCount="4740" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an interesting problem (or at least i think so)&#xA;As an Admin I have a table with N entries (51 to give a number). Each entry in a row is a recruiter name with a link to 'Login' as that person.&#xA;I want to be able to  click on each recruiter 'login'    which takes me to that account, verify some facts there, logout, Relogin as the admin and continue the cylcle (login as recruiter,verify,logout etc)&#xA;I find the  elements in the table by finding each row and then each cell. (&lt;code&gt;find_elements_by_tag_name(&quot;tr&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; followed by &lt;code&gt;find_elements_by_tag_name(&quot;td&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem arises when I Logout as the recruiter and ReLogin as the admin, now the cells that I had found earlier throw a stale element exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for row in rows: &#xA;    if chk == &quot;true&quot;:&#xA;          cells[6].find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Login&quot;).click()  # recruiter login&#xA;          alert = driver.switch_to_alert()&#xA;          alert.accept()&#xA;          #Verify Recruiter account is the same as the one you logged in as&#xA;          driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Logout&quot;).click()&#xA;          self.login()   #admin login&#xA;          self.bringUpRecruiters()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could call the function which  finds the rows and columns at each iteration. However, it takes half a minute for webdriver to find all the cell elements (51 rows x 7 columns) at each iteration. For 51 iterations that is approximately 25 mins. And if the number of rows increase it will only increase more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a more elegant and time saving way of doing this ? I would appreciate your bright ideas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Webdriver + Python bindings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:52:02.343" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:52:02.343" Title="Iterating through a table : Avoiding stale element exceptions (Webdriver - Python)" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2012-05-30T00:28:59.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Impersonation is tricky. I haven't done this with Selenium, but I have done it with WatiN and IE. I will post my WatiN solution which you could make work with Selemium (I think).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is that you need to separate the launching of IE and the automation of IE as you can't just do them both in one hit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First launch ie using System.Diagnostics.Process. Once you have launched IE you can then use the code from &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/jimmytr/archive/2007/04/14/writing-test-code-with-impersonation.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to attach and talk to IE using impersionation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void TestMethod()&#xA;    {&#xA;        SecureString password = new SecureString();&#xA;        password.AppendChar('p');&#xA;        password.AppendChar('a');&#xA;        password.AppendChar('s');&#xA;        password.AppendChar('s');&#xA;        password.AppendChar('w');&#xA;        password.AppendChar('o');&#xA;        password.AppendChar('r');&#xA;        password.AppendChar('d');&#xA;&#xA;        ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo();&#xA;        psi.UserName = &quot;localtest&quot;;&#xA;        psi.Password = password;&#xA;        psi.UseShellExecute = false;&#xA;        psi.LoadUserProfile = true;&#xA;        psi.FileName = &quot;c:\\Program Files\\Internet Explorer\\iexplore.exe&quot;;&#xA;        psi.Arguments = &quot;about:blank&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        Process proc = new Process();&#xA;        proc.StartInfo = psi;&#xA;        proc.Start();&#xA;&#xA;        t.Join();&#xA;&#xA;        proc.Kill(); &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private static void DoWorkAs(object o)&#xA;    {&#xA;        User u = o as User;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        IntPtr hToken = IntPtr.Zero;&#xA;        IntPtr hTokenDuplicate = IntPtr.Zero;&#xA;&#xA;        if (Win32.LogonUser(u.UserName, u.Domain, u.Password, 2 /*LOGON32_LOGON_INTERACTIVE*/, 0 /*LOGON32_PROVIDER_DEFAULT*/, out hToken))&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (Win32.DuplicateToken(hToken, 2, out hTokenDuplicate))&#xA;            {&#xA;                WindowsIdentity windowsIdentity = new WindowsIdentity(hTokenDuplicate);&#xA;                WindowsImpersonationContext impersonationContext = windowsIdentity.Impersonate();&#xA;&#xA;                // domain\username&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(&quot; Thread 2 : &quot; + WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                // This is WatiN code, you will need to replace with Selenium&#xA;                IE ie = IE.AttachToIE(Find.ByUrl(&quot;about:blank&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;                ie.GoTo(@&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;                ie.TextField(Find.ByName(&quot;q&quot;)).TypeText(&quot;WatiN&quot;);&#xA;                ie.Button(Find.ByName(&quot;btnG&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;                Assert.IsTrue(ie.ContainsText(&quot;WatiN&quot;));&#xA;                ie.GoTo(&quot;about:blank&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;                //revert&#xA;                impersonationContext.Undo();&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        if (hToken != IntPtr.Zero) Win32.CloseHandle(hToken);&#xA;        if (hTokenDuplicate != IntPtr.Zero) Win32.CloseHandle(hTokenDuplicate);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public class User&#xA;    {&#xA;        public User(string u, string d, string p)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Domain = d;&#xA;            UserName = u;&#xA;            Password = p;&#xA;        }&#xA;        public string UserName;&#xA;        public string Domain;&#xA;        public string Password;&#xA;    }&#xA;    public class Win32&#xA;    {&#xA;        // P/Invoke snask&#xA;        [DllImport(&quot;advapi32.dll&quot;, SetLastError = true)]&#xA;        public static extern bool LogonUser(&#xA;            string lpszUsername,&#xA;            string lpszDomain,&#xA;            string lpszPassword,&#xA;            int dwLogonType,&#xA;            int dwLogonProvider,&#xA;            out IntPtr phToken);&#xA;&#xA;        [DllImport(&quot;advapi32.dll&quot;, SetLastError = true)]&#xA;        public extern static bool DuplicateToken(IntPtr ExistingTokenHandle, int&#xA;           SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL, out IntPtr DuplicateTokenHandle);&#xA;&#xA;        [DllImport(&quot;kernel32.dll&quot;, SetLastError = true)]&#xA;        public static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr hHandle);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code needs a refactor, and wont work on Vista with IE7, because of an IE bug that was fixed in IE8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T00:28:59.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3165" CreationDate="2012-05-30T10:32:43.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Brian,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many websites and forum that offer information for all experience levels. Since you're looking for a website with videos, this is the only one that I know of: &lt;a href=&quot;http://motevich.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://motevich.blogspot.in/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are other websites as well which may aid you in learning QTP. This is the list of sites from  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.automationrepository.com/qtp-blogs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.automationrepository.com/qtp-blogs/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnqtp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.learnqtp.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://relevantcodes.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;relevantcodes.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.advancedqtp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.advancedqtp.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.advancedqtp.com/forums/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.advancedqtp.com/forums/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnqtp.com/forums/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.learnqtp.com/forums/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://knowledgeinbox.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;knowledgeinbox.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/postlist.php?Cat=0&amp;amp;Board=UBB20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.sqaforums.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.motevich.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.motevich.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quicklearnqtp.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.quicklearnqtp.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qtp10.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.qtp10.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joecolantonio.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.joecolantonio.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnqtp.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.learnqtp.info/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bharath-marrivada.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bharath-marrivada.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://venkyqtp.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;venkyqtp.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;qtp.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/quick-test-professional-qtp-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;guru99.com/quick-test-professional-qtp-tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://quicktestprofessional.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quicktestprofessional.wordpress.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.google.com/group/MercuryQTP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;groups.google.com/group/MercuryQTP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2548" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-08-14T00:35:19.900" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T00:35:19.900" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-05-30T10:32:43.667" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-30T12:16:27.360" Score="4" ViewCount="5843" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the Python bindings for Selenium2 with the Chrome webdriver. I need to access a site that is protected with basic HTTP authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome() &#xA;driver.get('http://username:password@example.com')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect this to work, but it seems that Chrome ignores the username and password given as part of the URL. Chrome will pop the authentication dialog and the script will hang until I manually type in the credentials. Chrome will forget this username and password, so I have to type it in every time I run the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2105" LastActivityDate="2012-12-11T12:08:50.033" Title="How can I access a site protected with basic HTTP authentication using Python, Selenium2, and Chrome Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3187" CreationDate="2012-05-30T13:15:20.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the selenium tests/objects are embedded into a script in another language (eg java or python), make sure that the underlying code in those scripts aren't slowing you down. For example, external process/function calls or excessive string concatenation, which both could be common in testing scripts, can be slow things down considerably. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T13:15:20.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3208" CreationDate="2012-05-30T18:22:57.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder if it would be faster to use Xpaths to search specifically for cells in the row of interest, rather than fetching all rows and then manipulating the one row you are interested in.  I am not fluent in Python, so I will illustrate my suggestion in pseudo-code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for i in 1..51&#xA;  condition_xpath = &quot;//table/tr[&quot; + i + &quot;]/td[1]&quot;&#xA;  column1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(condition_xpath)&#xA;  if condition in column 1 is true&#xA;    login_xpath = &quot;//table/tr[&quot; + i + &quot;]/td[7]/a&quot;&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_xpath(login_xpath).click()&#xA;    alert = driver.switch_to_alert()&#xA;    alert.accept()&#xA;    #Verify Recruiter account is the same as the one you logged in as&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Logout&quot;).click()&#xA;    self.login()   #admin login&#xA;    self.bringUpRecruiters()&#xA;  end if&#xA;end for&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T18:22:57.450" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3183" CreationDate="2012-05-30T21:16:11.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;MonkeyTalk waits and retries automatically for &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; commands. By default it retries for 2s, if you want to wait longer, just put a bigger number in the timeout column in the MonkeyTalk IDE.  For example, 5000 would retry for 5s.  See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/monkeytalk/documentation/monkeytalk-spec/command-execution&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MonkeyTalk Spec: Command Timings&lt;/a&gt; for details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2552" LastActivityDate="2012-05-30T21:16:11.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3205" CreationDate="2012-05-31T00:42:14.987" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fiddler is a great (and free) tool for this, like Sam mentioned.  It accomplishes a lot for a free app and even has a few features that others don't, like changing your user agent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do have Fiddler installed, but when I want these kinds of tools I tend to open Charles: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.charlesproxy.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It isn't free ($50/seat), but the additional tools available are really awesome.  Map Local, Map Remote, DNS Spoofing, Port Forwarding, Reverse Proxies, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're in more of a security mindset, there is also ZAP (Zed Attack Proxy).  It will do many of your normal proxy tasks as well as quite a lot of other goodies.  Just be careful where you point some of the tools :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ZAP: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T00:42:14.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-05-31T06:15:39.533" Score="6" ViewCount="6461" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run selenium web driver(Firefox) test cases which will need a single sign on (web). Issue over here is i have to sign in manually with my OTP every time i tear down the test case. So i will have to enter my username, password and OTP(second password which is generated dynamically), which obvious is very tedious for hundreds of test cases. Any reference or suggestions to deal SSO with web driver would be of help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2554" LastActivityDate="2012-06-30T13:36:25.020" Title="SSO in Selemium web driver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3218" CreationDate="2012-05-31T13:13:58.003" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question comes up a lot.  Here is a possible solution, but it will require some additional development.  You could use a customized HTTP proxy that acts as a pass-through filter except when it sees an HTTP 401 response.  In the latter case, the proxy would respond with authentication credentials of your choosing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how you might do it, in steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find an HTTP proxy that you can modify in whatever language you use for your test.  For brevity, I will assume you are using Java, so you want an HTTP proxy written in Java.  (See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/860362/write-http-proxy-in-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/860362/write-http-proxy-in-java&lt;/a&gt; for more details on open source, Java, HTTP proxies.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Presumably you have some means of determining second, dynamically-generated password, and the details of that are not important.  I will call that mechanism the &quot;OTP oracle&quot;.  You need to write a Java method that can ask the OTP oracle for the next OTP.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modify the HTTP proxy to respond to 401 responses by asking the OTP oracle for the next password and responding back to the server with a new HTTP request with the appropriate credentials.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Embed the HTTP proxy in your test, i.e. code your test so that at start-up, it launches the HTTP proxy in a separate thread.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tell Selenium to launch the browser so that it uses your HTTP proxy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T13:13:58.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3205" CreationDate="2012-05-31T14:58:06.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want an in-browser solution, you can use the Firefox addon &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tamper-data/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tamper Data&lt;/a&gt;.  Just like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fiddler&lt;/a&gt;, you'll be able to modify each request being made in the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the addon description:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use tamperdata to view and modify HTTP/HTTPS headers and post parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trace and time http response/requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security test web applications by modifying POST parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-05-31T14:58:06.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3222" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-01T16:32:49.437" Score="1" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company is being asked to show that on a regular basis we reconfirm the ability of our software to perform certain tasks. The section in question from the ISO 9001 standard is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7.6 Control of Monitoring and Measuring Equipment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;When used in the monitoring and measurement of specified&#xA;  requirements, the ability of computer software to satisfy the intended&#xA;  application shall be confirmed.  This shall be undertaken prior to&#xA;  initial use and &lt;strong&gt;reconfirmed as necessary&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;bolded&lt;/strong&gt; portion is the part we're having problems with. We have a slew of in-house testing software (Where there are two main programs, and about 30 smaller programs), that runs hundreds if not thousands of different scripts for hundreds of different products every single day. They've recommended that we regularly place previously failed and stocked product on our test stations to basically prove that at any given point in time a &quot;pass&quot; is still a &quot;pass&quot; and a &quot;fail&quot; is still a &quot;fail.&quot; There's no way we can get the coverage to prove every single failure is working as intended. We've been brainstorming ideas, including using mock product, but all are seemingly extensive and rather useless on our end. What's a good way to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2557" LastActivityDate="2012-06-01T16:32:49.437" Title="How do I reconfirm my software for ISO 9001 certification?" Tags="&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-01-15T04:47:04.107" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3191" CreationDate="2012-06-01T18:19:33.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance is not a serious reason: performance is important, and can differ between devices, but specific performance tests and benchmarks are more effective than test suites. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We derive most of the value from plain unit tests that run in a regular environment, not a device or an emulator. We mock out the phone's library (this can be hard at times but we still find it considerably more effective). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests that run on the phone or in an emulator are effective when you encounter integration problems with the actual hardware or other installed software. If you don't encounter it much, the value of these tests is low. If such integration issues are prevalent in your domain, you won't be able to live without them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2529" LastActivityDate="2012-06-01T18:19:33.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3225" CreationDate="2012-06-01T22:20:25.740" Score="3" ViewCount="753" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read about software QA/QC and software-test that in an agile environment the software QA process &quot;directs&quot; the software process, that is to say, that it doesn't ship until it's ready to ship and that SQA is a key part of the software delivery process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm a software development manager in a very small software company.  We are currently very basic in our SQA practices.  I think that as the leader here, it's my job to get more rigorous or at least, more effective software QA processes going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know from someone who has been or is in an SDM title or role, what they believe their job is, with respect to SQA, and what is their job to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2560" LastActivityDate="2012-06-01T23:32:46.853" Title="What is the role of the software development manager in a QA/QC process?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3224" CreationDate="2012-06-01T23:32:46.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not ever been an SDM, but I do have opinions on the matter so I'll answer the question anyways :-).  After writing my response below I feel like it turned out a bit like &quot;QA in a nutshell&quot;.  Please continue to explore additional resources beyond what I outline, I am just trying to provide some simple ideas that could significantly increase quality within a lean, agile team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have either 0 dedicated QA resources (meaning your entire team is responsible for QA) or all QA resources report up to you then you absolutely should take the initiative on putting more rigorous QA practices in place.  On smaller teams you can often get away with no dedicated resources for QA - what you can't get away with is no QA practices in place at all.  Everyone needs to pitch in and be a part of the QA process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A popular and somewhat natural way for developers to directly increase quality is to adopt a TDD (test driven development) or BDD (behavior driven development) approach.  The basic idea is that you create automated tests prior to writing code and as you implement your features they cause the test cases to begin passing.  When all of the tests pass, your feature is complete.  There is a ton of documentation on TDD and BDD all over the place, so I won't go into too much detail here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also pair up developers with other developers and have them act as QA for the features being developed by the other.  This would include doing some light test planning for non-functional testing which is easy to overlook without dedicated QA resources such as test cases that should be automated, performance/stress tests, security tests, localization/globalization tests, accessibility tests, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even without QA resources you should still plan a &quot;stabilization&quot; period at the end of your release cycle where the primary focus of the entire team is quality and your team is in mostly a QA mindset with a secondary focus of fixing bugs found.  Just make sure that the bar for severity of bugs to be fixed during this stabilization period is high, you don't want to fix a bug only to destabilize the rest of your product right before you ship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another easy and sometimes fun way of having everyone pitch in with quality is a &quot;bug bash&quot; where everyone stops the feature work they are doing and exercises the product you are developing.  You can give out prizes, etc...  If you search this this site for bug bash you can find more info.  This often happens after you are feature complete, right before (with enough time to fix any major bugs found) or at the beginning of a stabilization period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, you should ensure that all of your developers are following development best practices around code reviews, static code analysis, using code coverage tools to help drive unit testing, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-06-01T23:32:46.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3226" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3235" CreationDate="2012-06-02T08:23:49.517" Score="16" ViewCount="6187" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of a tester's tasks is to isolate a bug. Narrowing a problem search space will help a developer to find the cause and fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By isolating the bug I mean both finding the class of inputs that generate the error output of the app and finding which component, configuration file or piece of code contains the cause of an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some methods I heard about and sometimes I combine together (less or more intuitively) are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scientific method&lt;/strong&gt;. I hypothesize about possible cause and run repeatable experiment to verify it. I sample inputs, and compare actual program output with expected one. Even if I don't find the cause I may find the smallest input for which the bug is reproducible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Debugging&lt;/strong&gt;. I inspect the state of the running program (stack, variables) using debugger tool or by adding additional logging instructions (e.g., &lt;code&gt;printf&lt;/code&gt;). Particularly good, when by restarting the app I could lose the state in which the bug occurred or app is on not mine, remote machine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reading and understanding the code base&lt;/strong&gt;, logs, stacktraces and configuration files. I want to understand why this code base produced this output.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Binary search of the problem space&lt;/strong&gt;. Described well in &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.archive.org/web/20110716203602/http://www.tejasconsulting.com/papers/bug-isolation-pnsqc-2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;How to Make your Bugs Lonely: Tips on Bug Isolation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, can support scientic method in a systematic way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Root cause analysis&lt;/strong&gt;. I try to narrow down the problem to one of the possible root cause classes defined by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nickjenkins.net/prose/testingPrimer.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Software Testing Primer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. I make sure errors are not in my test cases, nor in environment configuration. Then I check the code itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the last case I also sometimes try to understand if the problem is caused by another bug, or by ambiguous/incomplete requirements/design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's your approach? Can you recommend me some reading, videos, excersises? And what are the right keywords here to google for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T17:39:01.527" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T17:39:01.527" Title="How to isolate a bug?" Tags="&lt;fault-isolation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3226" CreationDate="2012-06-02T13:33:23.880" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is a good list.  My most important piece of debugging advice is, &quot;Change only one thing at a time.&quot;  You can apply that to diagnosing almost anything, from software bugs to broken machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-06-02T13:33:23.880" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3047" CreationDate="2012-06-03T14:57:44.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a very basic introduction below that should get you started (using C#).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jimmycollins.org/blog/?p=583&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Interacting with web pages using Selenium WebDriver for C#&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="184" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T14:57:44.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3229" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-03T18:50:02.600" Score="7" ViewCount="6673" Body="&lt;p&gt;When automating user scenarios, we typically cover an end-to-end user flow.&#xA;Unit testing recommends that each test method should be independant and only test one thing.&#xA;But things are different in system acceptance testing, as we have to cover a user flow through the application.&#xA;Consider an ecommerce application where the user visits typically follows the below steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;visit homepage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;search for a product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select the product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add the product to cart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click checkout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sign in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;entery peyment details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;submit order&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wait for confirmation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now each of these steps need to be verified as we flow through the user journey. So, there is dependency in test methods, e.g. step 3 depends on step 2 which breaks unit testing practice. Also if we put all steps in one test method it is not easy to detect what went wrong if the test failed. And if we wanted to isolate each test method so they are independant of each other, we have to repeat the initial steps over and over again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have done in the past is to use TestNG to provide this dependency on previous test methods. But I wanted to know how do you handle user journeys in your testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2563" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-10-28T07:36:11.990" LastActivityDate="2013-10-28T07:36:11.990" Title="what is the best way to write automated end to end user scenarios?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3229" CreationDate="2012-06-03T21:41:32.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to recommend Acceptance Test Driven Development (=Specification by Example) technics.  You will be surprised, because acceptance tests will find about 80% of the show stopper bugs (if you have some). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The good point to start and listen a real stories from the experience of different agile teams is the (video) Podcasts section on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://skillsmatter.com/go/agile-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://skillsmatter.com/go/agile-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also digging this topic, and here is my collection on BDD/ATDD/Spec by Example&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.zhariy.com/search/label/Specification%20by%20Example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.zhariy.com/search/label/Specification%20by%20Example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry, most of the text descriptions are in Russian, but most of the video and slides are in English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tool are not so important for creating acceptance tests. You still can use TestNG, but you could also take a look on Concordion, easyb, JBehave and so on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_by_example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_by_example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-06-03T21:41:32.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3226" CreationDate="2012-06-04T13:38:30.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So far, everything stated here is really good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll add: if possible, ask a developer on the project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes a bug might make even more sense if you have more information, and developers tend to have such information. You may think that a bug is from area X in the business logic, but really it's in Y code based on database storage calls. At the very least, asking developers (or managers, or other testers, etc) can sometimes help you avoid going in the wrong direction for isolating a bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T13:38:30.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-04T14:05:42.717" Score="3" ViewCount="986" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a Jenkins enviroment running for a while and we create a bugzilla for each failed test to inform developers that something went wrong and he needs to correct that test. For now, we create this bugzilla manually but i would like to do it automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any plugin for Jenkins for that? Or i need to develop that using bugzilla API?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2565" LastActivityDate="2012-09-08T05:02:47.097" Title="Creating bugzillas for failed tests on Jenkins?" Tags="&lt;hudson&gt;&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3229" CreationDate="2012-06-04T14:52:44.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_Driven_Development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Behavior_Driven_Development BDD&lt;/a&gt; for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are different tools to do this in &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/techtalk/SpecFlow/wiki/Using-Gherkin-Language-in-SpecFlow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dotnet specflow&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Gherkin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ruby cucumber&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually you write your tests like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario 1: Refunded items should be returned to stock&#xA;&#xA;Given a customer previously bought a black sweater from me&#xA;and I currently have three black sweaters left in stock&#xA;when he returns the sweater for a refund&#xA;then I should have four black sweaters in stock&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each &lt;code&gt;given/when/then&lt;/code&gt; is executed and/or verified in the bdd tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A dotnet Example is documented at &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/gg490346.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Behavior-Driven Development with SpecFlow and WatiN&lt;/a&gt;. Doing it with Selenium instead of WaitN should work similar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="807" LastEditDate="2012-06-04T14:58:11.330" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T14:58:11.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3229" CreationDate="2012-06-04T14:53:19.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a really big fan of automating customer scenarios unless they are only used as baseline to validate a specific scenario works after code churn in the product. Automated tests can be a valuable tool, but they are a poor replacement for emulating actual customer behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, one way to improve test coverage of the various &quot;paths&quot; a customer could take would be to employ model based testing (MBT) (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee620469&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee620469&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.harryrobinson.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.harryrobinson.net/&lt;/a&gt; as starting points)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T14:53:19.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3226" CreationDate="2012-06-04T15:48:57.500" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As well as &quot;what other commenters have said&quot;, here's a few other items from my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locate similar bugs - does your bug occur in an area of the system that's known to be problematic? Does it look a lot like something that's already been logged? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Areas of change - does the bug occur in a part of the system that's under heavy development? Where I work, there will be sections of the system getting a lot of work: knowing these and checking with developers working in that section can get you a first pass cause. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just fixed - is your bug in an area of the system that just had a fix applied? There's a high chance the correction caused your problem if this is the case. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simplest reproduction - this isn't quite the same as adjusting the inputs: it's repeating the process to reproduce the bug, but leaving out steps that seem extraneous to determine the shortest, simplest set of steps for a manual reproduction (this isn't always feasible). For example, where I work, we use a transaction-based testing, where we'll make a sale and tender payment with various modifying functions called between selecting the item to purchase and making the payment. To isolate bugs, we'll remove modifications like adding discounts, until we've got the most granular process for reproduction possible (many of the bugs we find are related to tax calculations under specific circumstances, so there are no trace logs to use: our sole information source is how the application behaves and whether the final amounts of a transaction match what they should be).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience there is no hard and fast set of methods to use to isolate bugs - after a while one gets familiar with the kinds of bugs that are common to a particular system in test, and methods that don't relate to that style of bug tend not to be considered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T15:48:57.500" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3229" CreationDate="2012-06-04T16:04:08.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My workplace has been able to build flexible and reliable end-to-end automation of user scenarios with the use of user-defined transaction &quot;objects&quot;, each of which contains a number of transaction steps (each step is itself an object).  All the data lives in CSV files and the scripts are fairly code-intensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach is pretty much tool-agnostic: our test step files look something like this - &#xA;TestNumber, StepNumber, StepKind, StepData, Comments&#xA;1, 1, LOGON, 1, Log on with user 1 (FK to Users.csv)&#xA;1, 2, SELECT, 4, Select sales line 4 - 3x Red Sweater (FK to Sales.csv)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The script code reads in the files, then performs the steps in order, pulling extra data needed to perform the defined actions (LOGON, SELECT etc). At the end of the transaction, there's a baseline check to ensure all amounts are calculated correctly, and each step logs its comment so its easy to tell where something failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've also standardised error handling within our scripts to report which script code unit and file generated the error, so that we can isolate a problem to a specific set of data and code very quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a setup that requires a high level of programming ability in the scripting team, and it can be quite opaque to anyone new to the system. It does provide a very useful regression suite that ensures that once the end-to-end scenario is working, it won't break again, and once the framework is mature adding new tests is a matter of adding data and updating baselines. (As an added bonus, if the application being tested changes in a way that breaks the tests, such as adding in a new step, it's a single change to account for it - which is what makes this style of script reasonably robust).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-06-04T16:04:08.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3226" CreationDate="2012-06-05T02:12:20.593" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Defect isolation and debugging are very similar in approach and nature, infact debugging is defined as &quot;the process of identifying and removing errors from computer hardware or software.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would, in the context of this question, almost define isolation as &quot;debugging without the source code, or removing the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_Complete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Code Complete&lt;/a&gt;, Steve McConnell recommends the use of the scientific method, as you stated in your question and the outlines a process like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a. Gather the data that produces the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;b. Analyze the data that has been gathered and form a hypothesis about the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c. Determine how to prove or disprove the hypothesis, either by testing the program&#xA;  or by examining the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;d. Prove or disprove the hypothesis using the procedure identified step c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e. If the defect has not been found, apply the data gathered and go back to step a.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;( I added step e). Chapter 23 of Code Complete is a great, detailed read on this topic, from a developers viewpoint and most of it applies to testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="6295" LastEditDate="2014-08-18T07:46:22.227" LastActivityDate="2014-08-18T07:46:22.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3243" CreationDate="2012-06-05T02:24:55.183" Score="31" ViewCount="34526" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in a dilemma I'm sure most of you were at some point at the beginning of your careers. I'm about to start my Junior year in college this fall and I major in &lt;code&gt;Information Systems&lt;/code&gt;. I currently work at a hotel doing administrative work and have been lucky to make contacts in the software industry. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The people I met have encouraged me to get my feet &quot;wet&quot; in &lt;code&gt;QA&lt;/code&gt; before attempting to land a developer/programmer role at their company. My college professors have recommended I do the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel &lt;strong&gt;misled&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I search job sites for &lt;code&gt;QA Engineers&lt;/code&gt;, the requirements present a host of technologies you must be familiar with, none of which I have even heard of, on top of 3-5 years of experience. &lt;code&gt;Software Quality Assurance&lt;/code&gt; does not seem like an entry-level role at all - it seems it is its own monster. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that said, I can program intermediately in &lt;code&gt;JavaSE&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Oracle's SQL&lt;/code&gt;, have experience with &lt;code&gt;PHP, XML, and MySQL&lt;/code&gt; for web development, and have very strong &lt;code&gt;HTML and CSS&lt;/code&gt; skills, albeit all skills were obtained through school projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of the above is in the list of requirements for an &lt;code&gt;SQA engineer&lt;/code&gt; at any level on the job sites I have found. Why have my professors and peers in the software industry recommended I pursue this? It seems clear I am a much better fit for &lt;code&gt;Web Development&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Question&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone out there did start in &lt;code&gt;SQA&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;without&lt;/em&gt; the familiarity of the plethora of software suites to do debugging, what were the fundamental requirements you did have to have to get the job? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2569" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:34:16.980" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:35:09.227" Title="Fundamental Requirements For an Entry Level QA Engineer" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;qualification&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="21" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-08-28T02:27:15.497" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3241" CreationDate="2012-06-05T07:44:56.813" Score="3" ViewCount="8598" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm facing an issue while running a recorded test scenario of an application login using a single user on JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used JMeter's proxy server to record all the requests of the login scenario.&#xA;The proxy server records all the requests fine. When i play the recorded scenario, the login step gives response data that contains &quot;Your session has expired&quot;. It seems that the JSF ViewState value is getting hard-coded when I record the requests due to which when the steps are played the new ViewState values generated from the server do not match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using solutions given in these links to handle ViewState values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.apache.org/myfaces/PerformanceTestingWithJMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing a JSF Application with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/showflat.php?Number=572893&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to handle JSF viewstate with jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://anahorny.blogspot.in/2011/03/jmeter-handling-dynamic-viewstate.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter handling dynamic ViewState parameter in Seam framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.512774.n5.nabble.com/How-to-modify-JMeter-scripts-which-handle-JSF-ViewState-td525955.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to modify JMeter scripts which handle JSF ViewState?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still it doesn't work.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Am i missing something?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Or is it something other than the ViewState that's causing the recorded steps to fail?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshots below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;screen #1&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/58460235/Screenshot-login.jmx%20(-home-abhijeet-load_test_plans-login.jmx)%20-%20Apache%20JMeter%20(2.7%20r1342410)-1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wu5Sa.png&quot; alt=&quot;screen #1&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;screen #2&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/58460235/Screenshot-login.jmx%20(-home-abhijeet-load_test_plans-login.jmx)%20-%20Apache%20JMeter%20(2.7%20r1342410)-2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/awe5q.png&quot; alt=&quot;screen #2&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;screen #3&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dl.dropbox.com/u/58460235/Screenshot-login.jmx%20(-home-abhijeet-load_test_plans-login.jmx)%20-%20Apache%20JMeter%20(2.7%20r1342410).png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RUhya.png&quot; alt=&quot;screen #3&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2530" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-11-19T04:21:55.847" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T04:43:59.367" Title="Handling JSF ViewState errors using JMeter" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2098" CreationDate="2012-06-05T08:22:02.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Create_User {&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS, true);&#xA;    driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities); &#xA;    driver.get(getProperty(&quot;www.google.co.in&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2570" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-22T09:28:38.183" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T09:28:38.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3239" CreationDate="2012-06-05T09:24:54.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) You have to extract viewState value BEFORE the usage.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I.e. if you send viewState value along with login-request so you have to extract this value from response to PREVIOUS request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;b&gt;Thread Group&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;    &lt;b&gt;HTTP Request 01&lt;/b&gt; : /login GET&#xA;        XPath Extractor : extract jsfViewState&#xA;    &lt;b&gt;HTTP Request 02&lt;/b&gt; : /login POST (send previously extracted jsfViewState as param)&#xA;        XPath Extractor : extract jsfViewState for next request&#xA;    . . .&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) You are extracting viewState to the variable &lt;code&gt;${Var_ViewState}&lt;/code&gt; (screen #1) but refer it as &lt;code&gt;${ViewState}&lt;/code&gt; (screen #3).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Be careful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) In your XPath Extractor (screen #1) you have to check &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Use Tidy (tolerant parser)&lt;/a&gt; checkbox on the element's control panel - since you are using xpath against html, not xml (presume that some kind of warning should also appear in jmeter.login this case).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;XPath query itself looks good, although string() is redundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your test-plan to handle session variables (jsessionid).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-06-05T11:56:56.873" LastActivityDate="2012-06-05T11:56:56.873" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3264" CreationDate="2012-06-05T14:00:09.360" Score="-1" ViewCount="473" Body="&lt;p&gt;I managed to convert the project suite and all projects successfully and they are still running. I want to use this thread to collect issues that might still arise to warn others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-06-07T04:30:39.287" LastActivityDate="2012-10-12T14:05:28.763" Title="What are some common problems that can occur when upgrading TestComplete 8.X to 9.0?" Tags="&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3238" CreationDate="2012-06-05T15:30:16.080" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;Java Bean,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you may want to ask yourself a few questions first: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do you want to be involved in the testing or in programming? In my experience, colleges are usually less than stellar in the QA domain and tend to assume that testing is &quot;any warm body&quot; and useful to familiarize someone with an application before they start coding with it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do you like problem-solving, problem-finding, problem-defining? Which aspects appeal to you most? As a general rule, programmer-mindset is quite different than tester-mindset: programmers focus on solving problems, where testers focus on finding and defining problems (these are rarely the same problems - testers tend to look for the gaps in the solution, and ways to work around any gaps they do find). Another way to conceptualize the difference is that the programmer focus tends to be more &quot;building it right&quot; where the tester focus tends to be more &quot;did we build the right it&quot; (the designer is the one who tries to define which it gets built - and yes, there's a lot of overlap there).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are generalities I'd consider for entry-level SQA positions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiarity with software development processes: not necessarily able to code, but having a pretty good idea of how it fits together and how it works. Not all testing needs insight into the application code. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to communicate and prioritize - QA people will need to create bug reports and convince others that the problems they report need to be fixed. They'll also need to evaluate the severity of any problems they run into.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fast learner - no matter what level or domain of software QA someone starts at, there's a large learning curve (where I work, we call it a learning cliff. With overhang). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any kind of programming skill is a bonus because it allows for automating some tests (be wary - if you don't like this but are good at it you could easily get trapped there  - one of the rarest skillsets in the SQA domain is the mix of good automation and good test design)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I'd look at why your college people are suggesting starting with QA. It seems a bit odd to me, not least because my experience is that a developer who's in QA until a &quot;real&quot; programming position comes along is bad for both the developer and the QA group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:34:57.140" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:34:57.140" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3250" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-07T09:22:53.610" Score="3" ViewCount="1261" Body="&lt;p&gt;MonkeyTalk provides the functionality of running test suites with Ant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/monkeytalk/documentation/monkeytalk-user-guide/ant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Running Suites With Ant&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to know if it is possible to generate HTML reports of test execution?&#xA;I want to generate HTML format test execution reports after executing the test scripts using MonkeyTalk.&#xA;I know that it's possible to do this with Ant+Selenium Integration. But i want to try that out for iOS ui automation using MonkeyTalk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2530" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-23T17:35:35.250" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T22:43:25.883" Title="Test execution report in HTML format for MonkeyTalk" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;&lt;monkeytalk&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3213" CreationDate="2012-06-07T22:11:01.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does this help ? (ops, after the trouble, I realized your issue is with Chrome) but this is working fine on Firefox 9.0.1 on Windows 7&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    String configFile = &quot;/apps/configs/logins.cfg&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    // server, port, userid, password defaults&#xA;    String userid   = &quot;willey@customer.com&quot;;&#xA;    String password = &quot;willeyCoy0tt3&quot;;&#xA;    String server     = &quot;desert.acme.com&quot;;&#xA;    String securePort = &quot;447&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    // load the properties file - this might throw an exception&#xA;    //    if it cannot find or cannot open the file &#xA;    Properties prop = new Properties();&#xA;    prop.load(new FileInputStream( configFile ));&#xA;&#xA;    //get the values&#xA;    userid   = prop.getProperty( &quot;user&quot; );&#xA;    password = prop.getProperty( &quot;password&quot; );&#xA;&#xA;    baseUrl = &quot;https://&quot; + userid + &quot;:&quot; + password + &quot;@&quot; + server + &quot;:&quot; + securePort + &quot;/services/login.html&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(35, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    // after that, just use to load the other pages, for example&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl + &quot;/services/listOrders.html&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2586" LastActivityDate="2012-06-07T22:11:01.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="198" CreationDate="2012-06-08T11:08:46.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Given/When/Then for scenarios with any complicity level, for instance, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very specific scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: Error when the password and confirm password do not match&#xA;Given I am on User Registration From &#xA;When I fill the Form fields as follow:&#xA;| Field   | Value           |&#xA;| Name | myusrname|&#xA;| Password| password123| &#xA;|Confirm Password | passnotmatch234|&#xA;And I click on the button “Save”&#xA;Then the error message should be “Password and Confirm password do not match”&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;End-to-end scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: New user with unique name can be registered in the system &#xA;Given user with name “Uncle Bob” does not exists in the system&#xA;When I create a new user with name “Uncle Bob”&#xA;Then the registration should be successful &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, there are the following checks behind the phrase “Then the registration should be successful”:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. Registration form was saved without errors&#xA;2. The User has received a confirmation email&#xA;3. The user had clicked on the confirm link and the email confirmation was successful &#xA;4. User logged in to the system&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All those steps are implicit and hidden in the phrase “Then the registration should be successful”, because the goal of the scenario was to check that user with unique name can be registered in the system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-06-08T11:08:46.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3253" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3284" CreationDate="2012-06-08T16:25:41.927" Score="2" ViewCount="34024" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to automate the testing for a digital signature, which is a canvas element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone provide me with sample code, which could be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.clickAt(),&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/form/div/canvas&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both threw an element not found exception for me...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source Code of the page, for the Canvas region:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;tdbg&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;  bgcolor=&quot;#D4D4D4&quot; height=&quot;1px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td width=&quot;5%&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#D4D4D4&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td width=&quot;90%&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#D4D4D4&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; id=&quot;electronicSignImage&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;Please use mouse to draw your Signature &amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;ds&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;elecsign&quot;  align='middle' style=&quot;border:1px #9E9E9E solid;&#xA;      padding:10px;&quot; height='180' width='200' scrolling='no'&#xA;      src='http://&amp;lt;pdftest.anotherwebsite.com&amp;gt;//signature/index.php?signid=&amp;lt;something&amp;gt;'&#xA;      class=&quot;required&quot; &amp;gt;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;ds&quot; value=&quot;&amp;lt;something&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td width=&quot;5%&quot;  bgcolor=&quot;#D4D4D4&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;tdbg&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;  bgcolor=&quot;#D4D4D4&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td width=&quot;5%&quot; height=&quot;1px&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#D4D4D4&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td  bgcolor=&quot;#D4D4D4&quot; height=&quot;1px&quot; width=&quot;80%&quot; &amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td width=&quot;5%&quot; height=&quot;1px&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#D4D4D4&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2589" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-05T15:32:05.630" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T15:32:05.630" Title="How to automate the action on a canvas object, when the canvas element has no name or ID in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3254" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3261" CreationDate="2012-06-09T14:30:44.190" Score="8" ViewCount="1835" Body="&lt;p&gt;Web UI automation is unreliable. I presume it is possible to increase the reliability of Web UI tests. One such advice would be to put an abstraction layer on top of your test that does actual DOM manipulation code. But very often HTML of the page changes and your test still fails. It takes less efforts to update the test, since you do a single change in this abstraction layer, but you still need to make this change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the practices you employ against HTML changes that break your automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T09:50:33.687" Title="Your suggestions for writing reliable Web UI automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2992" CreationDate="2012-06-11T05:57:23.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am assuming that you want to test the installer code that verifies the license key. To test that there are a few things that would be required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) THOROUGH understanding of the validation routines involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As these systems are designed to enforce copy protection, they are usually very, very complex and maths heavy. If you want to understand how to test it, you need to understand the implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Unit test thoroughly, in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take the key verification code, isolate it and using the knowledge from step a), unit test it to death. You would need to use fuzzing attacks as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Integrate and test the install&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you are happy with the thoroughness of your unit tests, integrate it and then test a few scenarios. I would create a semi-autmated solution that involves restoring a virtual machine, then trying to install. Then repeat, and use a lot of machines to scale-out your execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Test negative first, then positive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to cheat the number of re-installs would be to test all your negative scenarios first, then test your positive ones, as you, in theory, shouldn't need to re-install as your install would have failed. But personally, I wouldn't do this I would do (c) instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-06-11T05:57:23.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3256" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-11T07:44:53.960" Score="2" ViewCount="2338" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the send invitation process, the user will get a link in his/her inbox. When the user will click on the link, it will ask for a password and confirm the password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I automate it with Selenium IDE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2593" LastEditorUserId="3046" LastEditDate="2012-12-10T15:35:31.833" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T15:35:31.833" Title="How can I automate in Selenium IDE for email activation link?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-06-11T08:31:14.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on an open source project aiming to structure and industrialize functional testing activities witch is a good alternative to HP Quality Center for small business&#xA;As part of the project,  a new open source tool for test management is beeing developped. We realeased it's last stable version on may ! You can download it on the project site (http://www.squashtest.org) and try our online demo here : &lt;a href=&quot;https://demo.squashtest.org/squash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://demo.squashtest.org/squash&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;We are interested in your comments and suggestions, so don't hesitate to give us your feedback and wishes for the next version's roadmap !&#xA;Thanks !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2596" LastActivityDate="2012-06-11T08:31:14.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3256" CreationDate="2012-06-11T10:52:31.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For some tasks Selenium IDE is not enough. &#xA;Maybe this is a reason to switch to Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, see also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2431/is-mail-testing-with-selenium-possible&quot;&gt;Is mail testing with selenium possible?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-06-11T10:52:31.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3259" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3297" CreationDate="2012-06-11T14:01:32.707" Score="1" ViewCount="222" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering what is the best way to prepare a project (suite) for submit into version control. Since I am very happy with my way I wanted to share it. Maybe this helps someone. Criticism wanted. TestComplete must be closed before running this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;prepareForReconcileOfflineWork.bat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;del /S *.bak&#xA;del /S *.tcLog&#xA;del /S *.tcLogs&#xA;del /S *.tcLS&#xA;del /S *.tcVis&#xA;del /S *.tlb&#xA;for /d /r . %%d in (doxygen_tmp,Log,testreview_tmp,Visualizer) do @if exist &quot;%%d&quot; rd /s /q &quot;%%d&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T13:19:29.277" Title="Prepare TestComplete project suite for submit" Tags="&lt;testcomplete8&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2012-06-11T17:19:31.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lshift.net/blog/2012/06/11/downloading-files-with-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This blog post&lt;/a&gt; describes a straight forward way of invoking another library to download the file (so not through the browser) whilst maintaining selenium's session with the site - so it works on password-protected files, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2598" LastActivityDate="2012-06-11T17:19:31.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3254" CreationDate="2012-06-11T17:49:18.553" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mentioned abstracting your test code from the framework.  The page object pattern is one way that this can be done and is fairly common.  It is popular with Selenium but can be applied to any UI automation: &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can avoid using xpath that contains the entire path (or even part of the path) to the UI elements so that if parent or ancestor elements change or are moved that your test will still work.  You can identify elements by ID's so that even if the element type or class or other attributes change your automation won't break.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also educate developers about how their changes impact the automation.  One thing I have noticed is that junior developers (or developers who are not used to much QA or process) will make way more unnecessary changes to UI than are normally needed.  They should know to give all of the important elements ID's, to not change the ID's and to not change the basic behavior of those elements unless it is strictly necessary for new feature work.  One good way to educate developers is to have them run automation prior to checking in new code.  I guarantee if they were the ones who had to update the automation when they changed the UI they would get smart about not changing the UI so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing that I have seen make UI automation unreliable is timing issues.  Many people use explicit waits for elements, or just assume that the element is loaded and functional.  I like to implicitly wait for any element to appear on a page which means if I try to click on the element, I will first poll for the element to make sure it exists, then once I know it exists attempt to click on it.  I have done this automatically in my abstraction layer on top of Selenium so it will always wait until the element exists first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-06-11T17:49:18.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3262" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-12T03:32:00.317" Score="4" ViewCount="4652" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a manual QA tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a client (web-based) which allows certain business to send custom promotional text messages to their customers provided the business account has the customer's mobile phone number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used services such as TextNow, which is a mobile phone / tablet app, that gives you (in this case, the &quot;customer&quot;) a US-based mobile phone number for which the &quot;customer&quot; can send &amp;amp; receive text messages to other mobile numbers. This app uses an Internet connection as opposed to a cellular plan or service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for similar software that I can use on my PC. Why am I not using it on my iPad or iPhone? Both are... broken... over the course of the years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Needs to be a US-based mobile phone number (most of the ones I've found are International numbers).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Needs to be either (a) a PC / desktop application, or (b) a web-based application that I can use on my PC.... not a tablet or smartphone app.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Needs to be able to receive the test text / SMS messages. I don't need voice (neither outgoing nor incoming) nor do I even need to be able to send text / SMS messages from this mobile number or application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2603" LastActivityDate="2020-10-23T00:15:13.807" Title="Desktop apps or web services to test receiving text / SMS messages US-based" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-12T03:44:23.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using a desktop browser plug-in or user-agent switcher is not ideal for testing mobile web apps or web sites in general on mobile.  It's just a bad idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need testing software that will run on your PC and simulate a variety of mobile devices, I'd recommend a 3rd party software built specifically for this purpose, not a browser's user-agent switcher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One that I have some experience with, professionally and personally, is DeviceAnywhere.  IMO, it's about as close as you can get without actually having each type of mobile device in your hand, though at times its response time can be on the slow side.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.keynotedeviceanywhere.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Read about it here&lt;/a&gt; to see if it might fulfill your needs - I'm sure there are others out there as well but I don't have experience with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2603" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T06:33:14.407" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T06:33:14.407" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-06-12T03:44:23.937" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3242" CreationDate="2012-06-12T11:07:20.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So far I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advantages in comparison to 8.7&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Own script debugger, no more Microsoft Script Debugger necessary&#xA;which did not work on one computer, breakpoints were not hit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No longer crashing in double-clicking the log entries from within&#xA;TestComplete until now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantages in comparison to 8.7&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drop-Down box for functions does not work always&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T11:07:20.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3265" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3354" CreationDate="2012-06-12T11:45:58.197" Score="1" ViewCount="2568" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've written the following code for attaching my recovery scenario with script during run time. It is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim App&#xA;Set App = CreateObject(&quot;QuickTest.Application&quot;)&#xA;App.Test.Settings.Recovery.Enabled = True&#xA;App.Test.Settings.Recovery.SetActivationMode &quot;OnEveryStep&quot;&#xA;App.Test.Settings.Recovery.Add &quot;C:\QTP\Recovery\Navigation.qrs&quot;, &quot;Navigation&quot;, 1&#xA;App.Test.Settings.Recovery.Item(1).Enabled = True&#xA;Recovery.Activate&#xA;App.Test.Save&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The recovery scenario is not invoked. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the code correct? Am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; The recovery scenario gets added to the script (i.e., can be seen in &lt;code&gt;File-&amp;gt;Settings-&amp;gt;Recovery&lt;/code&gt;) but it is not being invoked. But if we run it for the second time, it gets invoked. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1989" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-04T20:08:03.337" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T13:16:16.593" Title="Recovery scenario in QTP not invoked from script" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3266" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-12T19:29:21.143" Score="2" ViewCount="6629" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company recently upgraded everyone to Office 2010, the 64 bit version. This broke the functionality of the HP Excel ADD IN for Quality Center that I had been using. I prefer to write my test cases in Excel and then export them to Quality Center.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone found a workaround? HP does not currently have a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&#xA;As per the answer, I cannot install 32-bit MS Office as am using Office comp. Is there any other workaround. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2606" LastEditorUserId="16447" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T12:35:59.523" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T15:40:56.807" Title="Excel Add In for Quality Center won't run in 64 bit excel - is there a workaround?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2928" CreationDate="2012-06-12T23:02:32.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had similar problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you navigate from one menu to its submenu using keyboard arrows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have that option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Firefox driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;(...)&#xA;By locator = By.xpath(&quot;...&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Locatable hoverItem = (Locatable) driver.findElement(locator);&#xA;Mouse mouse = ((HasInputDevices) driver).getMouse();&#xA;mouse.mouseMove(hoverItem.getCoordinates());&#xA;&#xA;driver.click(locator);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then using findElement() you can specify where to go using keyboard arrows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;for(int i=1; i&amp;lt;someVariable; i++){&#xA;     builder.sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN).build().perform();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2491" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T23:02:32.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3262" CreationDate="2012-06-12T23:17:14.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would (and do) use Google Voice, which allows you to send and receive text messages from within a browser. &lt;a href=&quot;http://voice.google.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://voice.google.com/&lt;/a&gt; You will get a US phone number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2136" LastActivityDate="2012-06-12T23:17:14.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-06-13T04:21:28.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rallydev.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rally&lt;/a&gt;.  We use it currently and it provides support for User stories -&gt; Test cases, Test plans and defects.  While advertised for Agile projects I suspect it may work pretty well for the needs you outlined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-06-13T04:21:28.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2928" CreationDate="2012-06-13T06:08:31.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I never coded Python I can only offer my Java way to accomplish that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//I pass an Array of WebElements and an element to click at to the method&#xA;private void hoverAndClick(WebElement[] hoverer, WebElement element) {&#xA;    //declare new Action&#xA;    Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    // Iterate through the WebElements from the Array&#xA;    for (WebElement we : hoverer) {&#xA;        // hover each of them&#xA;        Action hovering = actions.moveToElement(we).build();&#xA;        hovering.perform();&#xA;    }&#xA;    //finally click the WebElement to click at&#xA;    element.click();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And than use it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hoverAndClick(new WebElement[] { mainMenu, subMenuMainMenu, subMenuSubMenuMainMenu},   &#xA;                                   subMenuSubMenuSubMenuMainMenu);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you there's no need to refer separately to the WebElement to click at you can attach it to the Array of course&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2578" LastEditorUserId="2578" LastEditDate="2012-06-13T06:28:36.967" LastActivityDate="2012-06-13T06:28:36.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3253" CreationDate="2012-06-13T06:14:51.913" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Due to the fact that I'm a lazy coder, I always record my cases with Selenium IDE and find the best way to locate the WebElements I use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the &quot;Target&quot; Dropdown to alter the way you address them and the &quot;Find&quot; Button to assure it's working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also make sure that you use the last version of Selenium/Browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2578" LastActivityDate="2012-06-13T06:14:51.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-06-13T13:40:34.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qmetry.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QMetry&lt;/a&gt; with which I've been working for nearly two years. Older versions were so-so and it was a pain to work with them sometimes. The newest version however is pretty decent and I can definitely recommend it. It is highly customizable, provides you with various reports (from test coverage charts to exporting test cases to pdf), lets you connect requirements with test cases, supports development lifecycle and integrates with Jira (bug tracking) and Selenium (automation). Actually it has a lot of features and I am using maybe 10% of it... On the bad side: it may be a little bit pricey, does not really meet your requirement of affordability. :(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastActivityDate="2012-06-13T13:40:34.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-13T21:08:16.597" Score="2" ViewCount="537" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to be running a software testing session in the near future. It will be a whole day of hands-on testing by a group of users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking of using Problem Steps Recording (psr.exe) but am not sure what the best method of using it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would I get the testers to fire it up at the start of the test session, and leave it running all the time; or would I have them wait until they find a problem, start psr.exe then, and then try to recreate the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have them wait then I'm worried we might miss some problems, where the tester isn't able to recreate the issue. However, I'm also worried about the wisdom of running psr all day. If it's taking screen caps then it must be eating up disk space at a fast rate, yes/no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts appreciated. Also, any other suggestions would be welcome. I'm not a professional QA/tester, so I don't really know all the methods you might use. We already have automated tests, etc - this is just a hands-on session for things that automated tests might not catch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2617" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T16:02:25.667" Title="How do I use PSR.exe - all the time or when replicating a problem?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3242" CreationDate="2012-06-14T13:26:51.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;WaitNamedChild function failes to find windows unless a Sys.Refresh is executed first!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2622" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T13:26:51.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3280" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-14T13:54:35.667" Score="7" ViewCount="12253" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am literally stuck to this problem for two days now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The website that needs to be tested has a self-signed certificate. So Internet Explorer (8 in Windows XP) shows &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The security certificate presented by this website was not issued by a trusted certificate authority.&#xA;  The security certificate presented by this website was issued for a different website's address.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solutions I tried&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this is perfectly natural in case of IE8 and self-signing certificates so I took the following measures to no use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manually added/installed the certificate as a Trusted Root Certificate in IE. But it doesn't get shown in the list, but it gets successfully added to all other tabs i.e. &quot;Trusted Root Publisher&quot;, &quot;Intermediate Publisher Authority&quot;, &quot;Other People&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The same certificate gets added to Firefox without any problems under &quot;servers&quot; and works just as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I tried using the following codes but one of them worked for Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Proxy proxy = new Proxy();&#xA;proxy.setProxyType(ProxyType.MANUAL);&#xA;Proxy.setSslProxy(&quot;trustAllSSLCertificates&quot;);&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities1 = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;capabilities1.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this doesn't work I tried using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();                &#xA;capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the Cybervillains SSL certificate already installed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have tried the &#xA;&lt;code&gt;[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MAIN\FeatureControl\FEATURE_ERROR_PAGE_BYPASS_ZONE_CHECK_FOR_HTTPS_KB954312][1]&lt;/code&gt; method knowing full well it is for Win7.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have even tried changing the URL to the issued authority but even then the problem persists.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now I am stuck with no alternatives. Can anyone point it out to me how I can proceed?&#xA;It seems I'm eternally stuck with IE8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched a lot in Google as well as in this site. But couldn't find a solution to my problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2623" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-13T18:52:14.310" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T09:12:03.887" Title="How to handle self-signed SSL certificate error in IE8? (Selenium Webdriver + Java)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;ie8&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3275" CreationDate="2012-06-14T16:02:25.667" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mark, welcome to SQA.  In my experience, worrying is not a good use of time.  You can figure out for yourself how much disk space psr.exe consumes per unit time: write down the current time, start psr.exe, work as you would if you were testing, stop psr.exe, write down the current time, and then divide the size of the image file by how long you let it run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the disk consumption is acceptable, you can put that issue behind you.  If it is not acceptable, you could consider buying more disk space.  A moment ago, you could buy a 500GB hard drive from Newegg for less than 100 USD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you do not have the budget to buy big disks for everyone.  An alternative would be to buy just a few, use them with a few users, and find out whether having those users run psr.exe all day makes enough of a difference to justify the cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to restart psr.exe every so often based on how much disk space you can afford to use for videos.  Each time you restart psr.exe, you could delete the old video.  If you are worried about your users forgetting to restart psr.exe, you could give them timers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from the disk space consumption, you might also want to measure how much psr.exe slows down your computer.  If you cannot afford disks big enough for a day's worth of video, you may not have the budget for fast, up-to-date computers either.  You would not want psr.exe to &lt;em&gt;add&lt;/em&gt; bugs to your test process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-06-14T16:02:25.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3280" CreationDate="2012-06-15T05:04:39.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ran into a similar problem and it turned out to be an issue with how the certificate was generated on the web server.  Check out this blog post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.atlassian.com/2007/06/ie7_on_vista_and_ssl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.atlassian.com/2007/06/ie7_on_vista_and_ssl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1941" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T05:04:39.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3253" CreationDate="2012-06-15T17:49:29.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, the Canvas element was embedded in a Frame..So, had to switch to Frame and then click on the Canvas!! That was the solution, for the issue...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2589" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T17:49:29.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3266" CreationDate="2012-06-15T18:32:44.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our shop uses ALM 11.00 (new version of QC) but on the add-in page it specifically says the following Excel versions are supported:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versions supported: Microsoft Excel 2007 and 2010 (32 bit) with HP ALM 11.00.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would uninstall office 2010 and restall it as a 32 bit version.  THe 32 bit version works on a 64 bit machine and I'm able to use the excel plugin without issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-06-15T18:32:44.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3262" CreationDate="2012-06-16T02:56:39.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used textfree on my computer, and ipod. Its free, and supplies a US phone number.  I believe it fits all of your requirements nicely.  As a bonus, the service is quite nice for personal use as well.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pinger.com/textfree/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.pinger.com/textfree/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use from an ipod/iphone if anyone else is looking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;App Store:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/text-free-textfree-real-phone/id399355755?mt=8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/text-free-textfree-real-phone/id399355755?mt=8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-06-16T02:56:39.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3133" CreationDate="2012-06-16T03:34:12.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In QC/ALM&#xA;Test Plan and Test Lab are completely different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests are generated in test plan.  Scripts are not executed from this location.  This is where they are stored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests are run out of Test Lab.  You map the test lab suites to pull the tests from test plan.  The execution status is tracked in the lab.  You can't change that status in plan.  You could easily use the same script in 10 different instances in lab so you wouldn't want it to update plan.  Hope that makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-06-16T03:34:12.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3187" CreationDate="2012-06-17T20:55:07.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;possible thing is to divide your test methods and your web element objects are in separate classes,it will give you good performance,Follow page object design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2206" LastActivityDate="2012-06-17T20:55:07.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1894" CreationDate="2012-06-17T21:05:49.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also follow this procedure.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;First, copy your web-element in to a variable of type web-element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webelement elem=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;elementid&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now make the action by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When DOM element changes, the &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; will not be same as the stack, so when a click action given after the element identification it will again check for the same element again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This procedure can be used for possible exception like &lt;code&gt;staleelementexception&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;elementnotfound&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2206" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-22T09:29:10.103" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T09:29:10.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3185" CreationDate="2012-06-17T21:11:12.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because of compatibility issue with your browser and Selenium libs.&#xA;Selenium libs 2.16 supports Firefox version 3.6 to 11, and for 12 you have to upgrade your Selenium libs to 2.22. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2206" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-15T12:38:31.540" LastActivityDate="2012-11-15T12:38:31.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3292" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-17T21:54:22.180" Score="5" ViewCount="48230" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got this HTML code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;abc&quot; name=&quot;arr[]&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;abc1&quot; name=&quot;arr[]&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;abc2&quot; name=&quot;arr[]&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.browser.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//input[@name='arr[]']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can check only the first checkbox, but I want check all check box in the same time.&#xA;How I can do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2637" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-01T17:47:46.937" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T19:28:42.350" Title="How to select or check multiple checkboxes in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1928" CreationDate="2012-06-18T07:10:41.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Navigate to the site first:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);&#xA;Webdriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;your testing site&quot;);&#xA;driver.navigate().to(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2640" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-20T23:17:30.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T23:17:30.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3294" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3296" CreationDate="2012-06-18T08:53:24.900" Score="6" ViewCount="4831" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wants to read all the requests and responses made and get by the browser on navigating on a page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For example:&lt;/em&gt; If I navigate to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.yahoo.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.yahoo.com&lt;/a&gt; then we observe that browser is making a lots of GET and post requests. For the purpose of image loading, content loading and to display the Ads (Advertisement).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium web driver and C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please help me how can I get all the requests (get/post) and responses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2351" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:50:56.243" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:50:56.243" Title="Read requests and responses made by browser on naviagating a web page in C# webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3292" CreationDate="2012-06-18T12:56:39.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try changing your Xpath to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@name='arr[]'][2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-06-18T12:56:39.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3294" CreationDate="2012-06-18T17:52:02.027" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used it, but possible it may be helpfull for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler/Core/&quot;&gt;FiddlerCore&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And one more alternative:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adathedev.co.uk/2012/02/automating-web-performance-stats.html&quot;&gt;BrowserMob Proxy&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-06-18T17:52:02.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3259" CreationDate="2012-06-19T02:44:26.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds to me what you are looking for is a policy suggestion regarding your check ins.  While I have not used TestComplete and Perforce my general rule of thumb is to check in what another user would need to build the project on their box.  So if there are required dependencies such as .dlls and such those should be checked in the project.  Settings files for the IDE or stuff like that may not be neccessary.  You can verify this works by getting the source to a different directory or even better another machine and trying to build it there.  I hope this helps a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2012-10-26T19:13:34.993" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T19:13:34.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2992" CreationDate="2012-06-19T06:17:49.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are few test case, that can help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;install successfully according to the instructions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check the disk space after installation;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check if the installed software is working or not;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;change conditions such as directing to the non-existing folder to check if installation continues;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;remove some necessary files in the installation package to check if the installation continues;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cancel the installation when installation is progressing to check if the installation stops and the installed files are cleaned up;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;uninstall the application normally&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cancel the uninstallation half way when it is in progress; then again try to uninstall normally (uninstallation should be successful)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;reinstall the application (after successful uninstallation).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;uninstall the application (after successful reinstallation).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check if the website is created in the selected or expected structure by the installer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check if the installer updates the correct version of the .net Frame work version &#xA;correctly as expected(.Net Application )&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check if the Credentials are given as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check if the Windows services are Installed as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generic Installation Test Cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support of the different platforms and configurations needed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does Installation in “clean state” working?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the installer is able to calculate needed disk space?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the installer capturing the baseline free space before launching the installer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the amount of space the installer claims it needs for the various type of installation is actually taken up or is&#xA;there any discrepancy?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much disk space is used by the installer if the installation is quit midway (this would help gathering&#xA;information on temp files that’s deleted on quitting).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the installation recover in case an error is met during the installation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the installer able to Repair any corrupt installation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the application installed properly fro each type of installation (for typical, custom and complete)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does Installation over network working?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If any file association is made during installation, upon uninstallation, does the association is removed and the base file association is returned to the files?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does running the installer, followed by launching the program to run some tests, and then running the uninstaller, also return your machine to the base state?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does uninstallation leave any registry entry, data files in the system?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If there exists a version of the app to be installed already on the machine, does the installer identify that?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does the installer identify if some needed components (such as, MSDE etc.) are already installed on the system?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does running two instances of the installer should prompt a message to the user that an installation setup is already running?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the user logged in, doesn’t have write permission for the machine, how installation reacts to this?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What happens if the installer tries to install to a directory where there is no write access?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the installation path configurable/non configurable?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check to ensure that when installing the product, it should provide a browse button which enables the user to install at any folder, and it should provide by default folder (For ex: C:\program files)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the registering and un-registering the components (dlls) on installation and uninstallation is occurring properly?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are all the files installed in the respective folders and path?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whether all the files/registry values/services are installed properly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check whether the shortcuts are installed properly and also the PATH (any other ENV variables) is updated properly.It can be CURRENT USERS profile or All Users profile based on your requirements).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does the installation support, 'UnInstall', 'Modify', 'ReInstall' options?? If yes, does it work?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the installer is supporting upgrade feature, does it preserve all the necessary settings (mostly user preferences)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check for the user privileges before starting installation. (In most of the cases, installer requires ADMIN privileges).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check the uninstaller entry in add-remove programs. (Check for display string, Display icon and Support information etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does running the installer, and then running the uninstaller, return the machine to the base state?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reinstallation should, apart from identifying previous versions, also should give an option to Remove and Repair.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check to ensure that license key is properly stored in Windows Registry library.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check to ensure that if an evaluation version is installed, then a proper message should be displayed when the date of period is expired for evaluation version with proper error message.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check to ensure that, if Windows Services are installed then it should install in the Services folder of windows directory.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check to ensure that if any product is installed and it is dependent on some other product, then it should give proper message as &quot;The Product is not installed and it should exit&quot;. Check for dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the product to be installed uses any third party dll and if it is already installed by some other product confirm that the current installation doesn’t un-register/tamper it and uses the existing one.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the dll is already there in the system how does the installation work?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And also while uninstalling, check should be made as to whether that the shared dll is left without affecting other product.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Usability” consideration of the installer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2629" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-22T09:28:59.043" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T09:28:59.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-19T07:14:44.753" Score="1" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a Java applet with QTP.I am adding the objects in the applet to my object repository.I am able to create an action that works with the objects in Objects Repository.My doubt is if an object is moved from the current location to some other.Will my script work?If not how to overcome this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2611" LastActivityDate="2012-08-18T15:25:50.030" Title="If the position of objects change will the same script work?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3300" CreationDate="2012-06-19T07:45:37.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;depend on what you have in mandatory and assistive properties. also if you are not using any of these and you are using Ordinal identifier such as Index there are chances that the script will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1728" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T07:45:37.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-19T08:55:24.310" Score="2" ViewCount="2126" Body="&lt;p&gt;My code structure is like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have four classes having ten tests and one &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt; method to run before any of the tests. In each of four classes all tests are of one single group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I have one another class which I need to run before that &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt; method in four of the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I achieve that? Please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2644" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T08:40:35.353" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T06:05:04.493" Title="TestNg not executes @BeforeGroup if the method is in another class" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2370" CreationDate="2012-06-19T08:57:21.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to keep machine power settings to always keep monitor and pc on..&#xA;Dont let it sleep or lock the PC,or turn off the monitor.&#xA;It will help for sure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2644" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T08:57:21.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1928" CreationDate="2012-06-19T12:20:38.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes Rama, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its the fix for IE8. I have an application which has an expired certificate and I need to accept this certificate to proceed further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my framework I have to first navigate to the app's url by driver.get(&quot;appurl&quot;), after this SSL error will be thrown. Now to handle this error i have used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.navigate().to(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click()&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way i was able to resolve this issue for IE8 and IE9 both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2645" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T12:20:38.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3306" CreationDate="2012-06-19T12:31:03.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And I have one another class which I need to run before that&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt; method in four of the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To achieve this you can try to do this:&#xA;Just make all of the four class extend this &quot;AnotherClass&quot; and add &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt; annotation in the constructor of this class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2645" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T08:47:30.860" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T08:47:30.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2928" CreationDate="2012-06-19T17:55:57.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have run into this problem multiple times, people love their dynamic rollout menus.  The best way I've found to handle these (this is in java) is by using jQuery (If it's enabled on the site you are testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just google jQuery and find some tutorials on adding CSS to an element.  Then I used Chrome to work out a jQuery line that added the correct styles (mimicking a mouseOver) to the proper elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what my jQuery turned out to be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$('#menu div:eq(0) ul:eq(0) li div:eq(1)').css({height: '96px', width: '164px', left: '0px', top: '24px', zIndex: 10, visibility: 'visible', overflow: 'visible', display: 'block' });&#xA;$('#menu div:eq(0) ul:eq(0) li div:eq(1) ul:eq(0)').css({height: '96px', width: '164px', left: '0px', top: '24px', zIndex: 10, visibility: 'visible', overflow: 'visible', display: 'block' });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ran this code using the selenium.JavascriptExecutor, and then clicked the requested element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2650" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T17:55:57.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3171" CreationDate="2012-06-19T22:43:00.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since it is web based, if you are looking for perform functional testing at the UI level there are a couple of tools you might take a look at: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Telerik Test Studio (the underlying WebAII test framework is free).  We are using this currently at my company.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ranorex.com/&lt;/a&gt; - another tool very similar &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You may also be able to combine &lt;a href=&quot;http://watin.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://white.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;White&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium may also be able to get you there but I am not clear on what support it has or has been written as an add on for Silverlight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-06-19T22:43:00.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3314" CreationDate="2012-06-20T05:39:22.900" Score="4" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a functional software tester now.I want to make a head start in the field of security testing such as security testing of web applications etc.I know this is a subjective question,but I want to know whether there exists such a career path?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am planing to take CEH and then proceed with penetration testing as my main scope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2654" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T10:04:11.517" Title="How close is functional testing related to security testing?" Tags="&lt;self-education&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3313" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3340" CreationDate="2012-06-20T07:34:27.807" Score="2" ViewCount="9851" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm facing an untraceable problem in creating a 50 users load test on a JSF web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach that I'm following is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing a test script in Eclipse using Selenium RC API.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exporting the test script as JAR and placing it in JMeter's /lib/junit folder.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;My Test plan in JMeter is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Test Plan&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thread Group&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JUnit Request.          &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jp@gc - Perfmon Metrics Collector.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View Results Tree.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I either start Perfmon Metrics Collector serverAgent on the QA local build server OR the Amazon EC2 medium instance of the application, and add the server's IP and port number (where serverAgent is running) in the Perfmon Metrics Collector listener in my JMeter client.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Since the sampler I've used is a JUnit request, I've managed multiple users through Selenium code. Here's &lt;a href=&quot;http://pastebin.com/TBW10rdh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sample Selenium script&lt;/a&gt;. On the JMeter console, I provide the number of threads in the Thread group.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Along with Perfmon metrics collector, I'm using the command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  top | grep java&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;on the server's terminal to check the load.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I run Selenium server before I start the JMeter test case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the problems I'm facing are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can't run the test plan in JMeter for more than 4-6 users (thread) on one machine because for n users, the selenium server creates 2n instances of the browser. (in my case, Chrome) which actually kills the CPU if the users are more than 6! So, here what i've done is I've installed JMeter on 6 machines to create atleast a 30- 36 users load. But that too doesn't work well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perfmon metrics collector shows high load, whereas the &lt;code&gt; top | grep java &lt;/code&gt; command run on the application server shows no load / little load. So i'm not able to understand if the test is actually causing load on the application or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If i have 10 users manually using the application to create a load, that shows a good amount of load on the Amazon EC2 small instance of the application. And the same is not happening with automated load tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know and have read that Selenium should not be used for load testing because it is not designed for load testing. The only reason why I'm using Selenium scripts with JMeter is JMeter alone is not working with JSF application due to JSessionID and ViewState issues that come up when I run proxy-recorded test cases on JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is there any other way I can create a real load on the JSF application with some other tool / some other approach without bothering about JSessionID and ViewState?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestions/corrections will be extremely helpful. If any more inputs related to my query are needed please point them out. I'm a newbie in automation and load testing, kindly bear with me if I didn't explain things properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2530" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T07:25:44.780" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T05:41:42.797" Title="Using Selenium scripts with JMeter for load testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3312" CreationDate="2012-06-20T13:36:31.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The career path most definitely exists if you make it for yourself.  I know of a few testers who have gone on to purely security.  Functional approaches and security approaches can often overlap each other, and many of those who I speak with in the security field are grateful for  their previous test experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a time however, I've found that often functional tests and security tests tend to overlap and blend in with each other in agile-ish environments.  About the only time that I actually think of &quot;security&quot; tests is when I've been asked to do penetration tests or run vulnerability scans.  Otherwise, it's just testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Short answer - absolutely, they &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; be closely related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-06-20T13:36:31.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3315" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3316" CreationDate="2012-06-20T13:57:21.053" Score="2" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you identify simple quality assurance tool in an office setting? If there is, can you list them? Any list can be of great help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2658" LastActivityDate="2012-06-21T12:40:26.780" Title="QA in Office Setting?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;office&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3315" CreationDate="2012-06-20T14:00:38.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The perfect example of simple quality assurance tool that can be found in an office setting would be your computer's MS Office applications. It helps in ensuring quality of your paper works and help you finished faster. I found a thread as an example that can be very helpful. Here it is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techyv.com/questions/quality-assurance-software-uses-msaccess&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.techyv.com/questions/quality-assurance-software-uses-msaccess&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2659" LastActivityDate="2012-06-20T14:00:38.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3318" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3518" CreationDate="2012-06-20T20:59:13.593" Score="6" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company plans to roll out a mobile support for our site later this year.  I will need to test it.  I will investigate several testing strategies, but one I will definitely use is testing on actual devices in-house.  iOS runs a small number of models.  Android, of course, is a different story.  I am looking for a some reliable numbers for smart phone market share in the US to help guide some purchasing decisions.  Polling our customer base is not an option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of the nature of our product, I am only interested in the cell phone market share in the US, so I need a report that is either specific to that country or that at least reports statistics per country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some authoritative sources for identifying the smart phones with the most market share?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-06-21T01:21:11.203" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T19:33:14.940" Title="What are some authoritative sources for smart phone market share for helping to determine test device purchases?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2012-06-20T21:57:30.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why are the people with loads of experience and knowledge afraid of the certification exams? I started to doubt if these people just get along with their connections and some politicking? Just like certification, even your academic credentials can't reflect your abilities. Most  Indians know of one Harvard graduate who cannot spell &quot;Harvard&quot; correctly. But then studying at Harvard doesn't make all those who studied there to be fools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When these kind of people are at the helm of the affairs, problems start. Because when they can't put in effort to pass, they have a prejudice against those who pass the exam. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they really believe in all that bs they dish out, they should be developing their own software instead of using the crappy software from Microsoft and oracle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2661" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2012-10-22T11:33:01.587" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T11:33:01.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3318" CreationDate="2012-06-20T22:19:26.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you do a search online there are variety of sources.  Generally analyst firms like comScore, IDC and Gartner often have these.  Here is an example of a press release from comScore relating to OEM and OS market share. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2012/6/comScore_Reports_April_2012_U.S._Mobile_Subscriber_Market_Share&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2012/6/comScore_Reports_April_2012_U.S._Mobile_Subscriber_Market_Share&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be a variety of other sources as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-06-20T22:19:26.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3322" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-21T05:13:01.413" Score="5" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to do SQL injection security testing. So I installed &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mavitunasecurity.com/netsparker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Netsparker&lt;/a&gt; (community edition 1.7). If any one have used this application to test SQL injection an web applications, then please tell me the basic steps to start up with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2188" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T16:14:23.700" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T16:14:23.700" Title="Netsparker community edition: how to start with it?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;sql-injection&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3323" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-21T05:20:17.397" Score="2" ViewCount="652" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to choose a date by clicking an image which results in a pop-up window with a date picker in it.But when done through selenium the session expires and the login page appears in the pop-up window.How to pass the current session of the base window to the pop-up window?I am writing my test using C# and Webdriver 2.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2663" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T08:02:50.600" Title="Passing session while switching control to a pop-up window" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2015-12-16T04:13:46.497" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3315" CreationDate="2012-06-21T12:40:26.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what &quot;in an office setting&quot; means here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask for lots of my testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find links to trials of it and other tools here. Perhaps one or more of these might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/trial-versions-of-commercial-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/trial-versions-of-commercial-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-06-21T12:40:26.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3322" CreationDate="2012-06-21T15:12:57.630" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think much like any new application, once you get it up and running walk through any demos that may be provided.  If there are forums you might want to look at those as well.  Clearly as their site indicates as you are working with it be sure you are only doing it against a site that you are authorized to perform that sort of penetration testing on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-06-21T15:12:57.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3328" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-21T18:57:15.193" Score="4" ViewCount="1865" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have automated tests running on IE9 on Windows 7 64 bit. The application under test is a simple webform with a 'Next' button on each page. When i run the automated tests on Firefox 12 they run in the background while i can keep working on other stuff in a different browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when i start the test suite from IE9, and let it run in the background,the test gets stuck at the 'Next' button. Webdriver seems to find it and click on it but does not navigate to the next page. Obviously there are a lot of failed tests due to TimeoutExceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To avoid these errors, I ran my test suite at night, with no other applications running and changing my PC's power settings so it didn't shut off or go in sleep mode etc. However i still saw a lot of TimeoutExceptions. (Did not occur with Firefox12)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a setting with IE 9 which needs to be set to change this behavior? Did anybody have a similar experience?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; This is the response i received from Jim Evans on the Webdriver mailing list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a long-known, and well-documented problem with the IE driver&#xA;as it's currently architected[1]. The reasons why the architectural&#xA;decisions have been made, and why they're a challenge in IE have been&#xA;discussed at length too[2]. We're working on implementing synthetic&#xA;events in the IE driver[3], which have their own set of problems, even&#xA;though they would solve this particular one, but they're not quite&#xA;ready for consumption yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--Jim&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[1] &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/InternetExplorerDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/InternetExplorerDriver&lt;/a&gt; Note the section titled &amp;quot;Window Focus&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[2] &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myffo8o67OA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myffo8o67OA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[3] &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/detail?r=16888&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/detail?r=16888&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is a known issue, does anybody have a tried and tested workaround?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T09:54:36.563" Title="Why does IE9 running WebDriver scripts gets out of focus if other applications are open?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3322" CreationDate="2012-06-21T19:50:36.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are hoping to find the vulnerabilities through an automate scan&#xA;Open the application, click &quot;Start New Scan&quot;, enter the address, and then start scan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note, the community edition will really only find low hanging fruit.  Anything more difficult requires a subscription.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're hoping to do some manual testing for injection vulnerabilities, I don't know that this would be the best tool for you unless it is to see how it is detecting the vulnerabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;:  I've never actually seen or used Netsparker, community edition or otherwise until reading this question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-06-21T19:50:36.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3330" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-21T22:06:18.020" Score="2" ViewCount="735" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now I have a Selenium WebDriver framework that looks like this (vastly simplified):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;\app_func.py -- app_func has the web app's &quot;actions&quot;, such as &quot;save a new search&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;\app_data.py -- app_data has common assertions, such as if I re-use some test data, it'll store that data's document count, so I can do assert count == app_data.big_zip_file in my test file&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;\util.py -- util has common, application-neutral functions like wait_for_text&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;\setup.cfg -- setup contains all the server info, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I have a tests dir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;\tests\upload_big_zip -- each test.py file imports app_func, app_data, util.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then a test looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;app_func.upload_data('big.zip')&#xA;app_func.save_a_search('search terms', app_data.big_search_hits)&#xA;app_func.verify_search_hits&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I get the key benefits of the PageObjects pattern -- like being able to easily update save_a_search if the developers change the UI. But it's a much &quot;flatter&quot; structure than the OO PageObjects. I can't yet wrap my mind around the pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any reason I should build up a new structure based on PageObjects? What I'm looking for is, what are the benefits compared to my approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:52:12.633" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:52:12.633" Title="Do I need the PageObjects design pattern or not?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3330" CreationDate="2012-06-22T00:05:44.850" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are times when using the Page Object Pattern makes a lot of sense and times where it doesn't make as much sense.  If you have a web application where it is basically one single dynamic page then it makes less sense, however you can still use &quot;page&quot; objects that are really more like &quot;section&quot; objects for common pieces, for example if you have a Left Nav, you could create a page object for it and then another for a calendar section or whatever sections you have on the page that make sense to break out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main things you get from the page object pattern are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The ability to have one location where you identify elements that&#xA;exist on a page and where helper functions applicable to that page&#xA;exist so changes only happen in one place instead of all of your&#xA;test cases. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It acts as an abstraction layer on top of Selenium so if&#xA;changes come to selenium you can update your pages instead of every&#xA;test case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also build an abstraction layer on top of Selenium and have your page objects interact with that to further protect yourself from changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the elements for the AUT(application under test) and helper functions for your AUT exist in app_func and it is a simple enough structure then it seems like you are running into a situation where the page object pattern isn't as useful.  It's up to you to decide whether it is complex enough to break out into sections.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T00:05:44.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3330" CreationDate="2012-06-22T02:48:11.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends upon how your site is constructed.  If your site's pages follow some common patterns, and if those patterns are stateful, then it may be useful to model the pages as objects.  Otherwise, it may not be worth the trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T02:48:11.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2012-06-22T04:47:19.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium in my project for functional testing and because Selenium doesn't support GUI testing so for that I am using Sikuli to capture GUI defects so for me both are complimenting each other if used properly. Both sikuli and selenium has its pros n cons. It depends on which kind of  web application you are testing and objective of testing. Sikuli has its limitation to capture functional defetcs on multi browser testing as all browsers renders differently. And Selenium don't has any feature to capture GUI defects. Only thing we capture a screenshot and check manually GUI defects. So instead of chechking manually I am using sikuli in our project. As requirement is to test multi-lingual, multi browser testing so all functional things I am covering with Selenium using Java language in Eclipse IDE. And capturing snapshots, then using Sikuli to find GUI defects. And its easy to integrate Sikuli with java because Sikuli itself is a JAR file which we can easily set in our eclipse buid path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2671" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T04:47:19.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3312" CreationDate="2012-06-22T10:04:11.517" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This can help:-&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infosectoday.com/Articles/SecurityTesting.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.infosectoday.com/Articles/SecurityTesting.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2629" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T10:04:11.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2392" CreationDate="2012-06-22T11:31:53.893" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Might you can get your stuff from &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!forum/android-porting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!forum/android-porting&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2188" LastActivityDate="2012-06-22T11:31:53.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3337" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3338" CreationDate="2012-06-22T20:04:11.940" Score="9" ViewCount="529" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once an automation test is created, how do I test it and make sure the test does what its supposed to do? I can easily test the scenarios where test passes, but how to go about the ones that fails due to issues in site? Issues such as - an element missing, click not working etc. All I could think was to mock the HTML to simulate the condition to test and run the test&#xA;in that local html.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does any one else have better idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T07:11:59.460" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T07:11:59.460" Title="How to test the test scripts?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3337" CreationDate="2012-06-22T20:28:09.013" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are asking whether you need meta-tests (automated or otherwise).  Of course, how do you know that a meta-test is correct?   Here is what most developers do: if something feels risky, they test it; otherwise they trust that their code is correct.  If something that they trust turns out to have a bug, they try to re-calibrate their judgement.  You should do the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I would not go through the trouble to mock the HTML.  If you have a site you can modify, you might try introducing bugs to see if your tests find them.  Of course, you want to introduce realistic bugs, and it may not be easy to decide which bugs are realistic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We test in order to reduce risk, but testing to excess can be ineffectual and even destructive.  If you choose to write automated tests, you are subject to the same decisions that developers are subject to.  Most developers do not choose to test every line of code.  This is a &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; thing.  Every line of automated test requires additional development effort and additional ongoing maintenance and will not necessarily find more bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no hard and fast rule for deciding when to test and when to not test.  The decision rests on your own experience, your confidence as a developer, your familiarity with the subject matter, your confidence in the code that you depend on, the maturity of your product, and other factors.  &lt;strong&gt;Rather than looking for a hard-and-fast rule to follow dogmatically, try something that feels right, pay honest attention to your results, and re-calibrate accordingly.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a rule of thumb that you could try.  If testing something requires a huge effort, question your assumptions. You may be trying to test it the wrong way, or the thing you are trying to test may be more complicated than it needs to be, or you might even decide that the risk of it being wrong does not justify the cost of testing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-06-25T16:29:26.443" LastActivityDate="2012-06-25T16:29:26.443" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3337" CreationDate="2012-06-23T01:35:17.810" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I'm automating a test, I often make the test wrong in some small but meaningful way, then run it with the expectation that it will fail.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the system is supposed display &quot;42&quot; in the &quot;meaning-of-life&quot; field, I'll change the the test to assert that it displays &quot;43&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the system is supposed to display &quot;42&quot; only when the current user is &quot;Ford Prefect,&quot; I'll change the test to log in as &quot;Zaphod Beeblebrox&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the system is supposed to display &quot;42&quot; only after Ford visits the &quot;Restaurant at the End of the Universe&quot; page, I'll change the test to omit the &quot;visit the restaurant...&quot; step.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll do one of these at a time.  I'll make the test wrong, run it, and notice whether it still passes.  If the test now fails, and it makes sense to interpret the failure as due to my change, I'll conclude that the original test got that detail right, and change it back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the test still passes, that means the detail I changed does not have the effect I wanted, so I'll need to do some debugging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the test fails, but the failure isn't clearly attributable to the way I broke the test, I'll need to do some debugging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I've tested the test in those ways, and once the system passes the test, I treat the test as being reasonably reliable until I discover some reason to doubt it (e.g. the test reports a failure, which might indicate a problem either with the test or with the system; or the test reports success when I have reason to believe the system or its environment is broken).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-06-23T01:35:17.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3313" CreationDate="2012-06-23T06:28:16.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finally I found the solution to the problem I was facing. I just had to figure out on which requests I had to place the viewState extractors. I was actually placing extractors to every request where viewState was there in the response and using the extractor's reference in the next request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2530" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T07:25:54.407" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T07:25:54.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3337" CreationDate="2012-06-24T10:20:19.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;I can easily test the scenarios where test passes&quot;, my experience shows the opposite. Take for example a test where the return value was initialize to &quot;Pass&quot; at the beginning (really bad practice) and a bug in the test code send it to the end of the test before something was actually tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We usually add a set of unit-tests for the core services such as utility functions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-06-24T10:20:19.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2392" CreationDate="2012-06-24T10:24:34.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get ideas from&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://unifiedtestinginitiative.org/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Android unified testing initiative&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;It has a comprehensive list of tests for Android applications.  And here are some types of Android application tests from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.appqualityalliance.org/files/AQuA_testing_criteria_for_Android_v1.3_oct_2_2012.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the AQuA website&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1 OTA Install&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2 Long launch time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.1 Send/Receive Data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.4 Resource downloading&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.2  Message  – Receive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.3 Incoming call&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.1  Memory card operation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.1 Readability&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.3 Screen Repainting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.5 Key Layout ease of use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.8 Function progress&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.10 Multiple display format handling&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.11 Different screen sizes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.12 Multiple format input handling&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.14 Spelling errors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.15 Technical text errors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8.1 Language – correct operation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8.3 Language – supported formats&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9.1 Suspend/resume from main menu&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9.2 Suspend/resume while executing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10.1 Application Mute option&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;11.1 Help and About&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;12.1 Functionality Sanity Check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;13.1 Scrolling in menus&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;13.3 Pause&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;15.1 Application Stability&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;15.2 Application behaviour after forced close&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;16.2  Data Deletion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-29T16:02:59.013" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T16:02:59.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="840" CreationDate="2012-06-25T09:41:39.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe model-based testing can be good not only for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-based_testing#Test_case_generation_by_model_checking&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;generating test-cases from model&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; but also for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_checking&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;model checking&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Checking the correctness of abstract model can be wise when testing the implementation completely is too expensive (hard setup, expensive prototyping). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Real example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our system users can work concurrently but cannot perform tasks that write/read to the shared entities. When such a situation happens UI should deactivate the button for the blocked task. We have many shared entities and many tasks that use them, so assigning the right combination of entities that will be locked by the task and foreseeing which task will be blocked by which task is pretty hard. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To verify the assignments, I wrote a simple tool that prints &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt; task blocks &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt; task based on the given matrix of entities shared by tasks. There was no formal checker, whether the matrix is correct. I was the oracle to decide whether the locks are not too much/too little aggressive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lessons learned&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I did this model checking definitely too late, as we already have the system implemented, and we discovered the whole idea of locking was somehow flawed, because it did not give us the right level of lock control, i.e., there might be no configuration (matrix) that would satisfy that requirements completely. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, the model checking helped us find &lt;em&gt;sub-optimal&lt;/em&gt; configuration of locks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The model checking does not replace testing of the real system. Some locks were found later implemented incorrectly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The model checking helped us identify a number of critical test cases for testing the real system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-06-26T08:36:14.453" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T08:36:14.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3345" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-26T05:34:26.017" Score="1" ViewCount="1273" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1/what-are-some-tools-for-testing-mobile-web-apps&quot;&gt;What are some tools for testing Mobile web apps?&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me and my friends have developed an application for all the mobile platforms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mobile camera opens immediately after the launching of app, &amp;amp; should capture the image for further proceedings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please suggest me any automation tool to test this app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2679" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:28:42.687" Title="any suggestions on automation tools for mobile application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2012-08-31T03:12:05.777" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3346" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-26T05:42:57.087" Score="3" ViewCount="991" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing some regression testing (changes to underlying database structures) where I'm lucky enough to two separate environments which should contain the same data.  What I'd like to do is open a browser session in each environment and then have one browser mirror the other (ie I click on a control for example) so I can check the results between browsers without having to repeat actions in each browser.  Does such a tool exist?  Ideally the targetted browser is IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2680" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T19:04:49.270" Title="Mirror a browser session" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3346" CreationDate="2012-06-26T16:49:08.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of tools that allow you to record scenarios and then play them back at any time, even changing the url that you navigate to.  There are also tools that will show you the same URL in a number of different browsers.  I don't know of any tool that does what you are asking though.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would recording a scenario and playing it back be enough?  Would you want it to click the exact x/y coordinates (compared to the top left of the browser window) or the same element even if located at different x/y coordinates?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If clicking the exact same coordinates would be enough you could probably write this tool fairly simply importing the mouse_event library.  An example is here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/user32/mouse_event.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/user32/mouse_event.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to click the same element regardless of coordinates and you wouldn't mind playing it back (rather than seeing it happen simultaneously) you can use the Selenium IDE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clicking the same element simultaneously would be a little more work I'd imagine.  You'd need to basically combine the code to record and playback from some record/playback tool such as Selenium to happen at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T16:49:08.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3345" CreationDate="2012-06-26T16:54:31.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I watched the instructional videos for DeviceAnywhere and it looked promising for this sort of testing, however I never used it myself: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.keynotedeviceanywhere.com/FullRender/Test_Automation_Training.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.keynotedeviceanywhere.com/FullRender/Test_Automation_Training.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T16:54:31.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3345" CreationDate="2012-06-26T17:25:46.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.appthwack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AppThwack&lt;/a&gt; tests mobile apps (Android native, hybrid, and web) on real phones and tablets hosted in a lab. I co-created it, so I'm admittedly biased.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For web you enter a URL and the site is rendered on a pool of ~20 devices in multiple browsers (Native, Chrome, Dolphin HD, Opera Mini, Opera Mobile, Firefox). We display screen-shots for each one and the entire cycle takes about 4.5 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Android native and hybrid apps, we install, launch, take screen-shots in portrait and landscape, randomly hit it with UI input, and then run any custom JUnit (Robotium, etc) tests you've uploaded. This happens on ~60 devices and takes about 3.5 minutes. The report is generated in real time and contains full logcat dumps and other detailed information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For creating your own custom automated content you should check out Robotium for Android, Selenium for web, or a cross-platform tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MonkeyTalk&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2682" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T17:25:46.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3345" CreationDate="2012-06-26T17:33:13.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Be thorough with your research on automation.  I have not used AppThwack, but have had extensive exposure to Device Anywhere, and I found it sub-optimal.  Latency, lag, and device down-time were large factors.  My old shop had all North American handsets on-site, so we would use Device Anywhere for Canadian devices/providers.  patience must be a virtue with services like these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I did not automate any testing on Device Anywhere, I did everything manually and encountered hiccups/lag/et al, so if there is some automation script that you will be running, be wary that it can handle unexpected wait times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T17:33:13.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3337" CreationDate="2012-06-26T17:54:36.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also take the mutant build approach: insert bugs in when generating the build and see if your coverage find any of them. The higher the number the better your coverage is, at least theoretically speaking :).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="215" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T17:54:36.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3265" CreationDate="2012-06-26T20:54:25.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tom:  This is expected behavior. You cannot dynamically load Recovery Scenarios and use them at runtime. Once it is associated though (manually or programmatically), the next time you run the script, it will be fired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2548" LastActivityDate="2012-06-26T20:54:25.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3355" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3357" CreationDate="2012-06-27T01:33:13.323" Score="11" ViewCount="3656" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working on a small team of a few developers, but even a small team of productive developers can develop a lot of functionality in one iteration (2 weeks in our case). We don't have a QA team, so generally we'll spend the last day or two of an iteration doing manual testing for the parts we don't have automated testing for (we're writing automated tests as we go along as well, but something things are just really hard to automate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This effectively cuts our development to about 8 days per iteration. For those of you who have worked in this environment, can you offer any advice as to how you handled this? Did you tack on extra days to the end of the iteration? Did you not allot additional time for testing and just develop right up to the iteration? Our goal is to always have deployable software (especially at the end of the iteration) so having these test days seems like a must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2685" LastEditorUserId="2685" LastEditDate="2012-06-27T01:41:06.940" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T16:05:35.847" Title="Testing with no QA team in an agile development environment" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3355" CreationDate="2012-06-27T02:07:35.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like mini waterfall rather than agile. How do you know stories are done done and not just done ? Get yourself a good tester and fit them in, that's what I'm doing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-06-27T02:07:35.327" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3355" CreationDate="2012-06-27T02:10:47.197" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been the first tester on a team before and seen how they've tested their software before (usually doing a very good job of it as well).  For as small as you are, I think that you're on the right track for the most part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating automated tests as you go is great.  You may find some benefit to some TDD approaches which ask you to create the tests before you write the code.  Definitely can make the tests easier to write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than everyone taking a day or two at the end of an iteration, how about having one (rotating) dev take time periodically throughout the iteration and test the software.  This would definitely cut down your feedback loop.  You may then only need to spend 1 day at the end of an iteration testing in that case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that a lot of people are against the idea, but I've seen some small teams take an iteration one and a while, and make it an integration/health check iteration, just checking to see how it is in the big picture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you have a customer on site once a week/iteration to do some of the testing for you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, I agree with Phil's answer, and it should be your eventual goal, but I also understand that many times it's just not financially/realistically feasible to have a full time dedicated tester in the short term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-06-27T02:10:47.197" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3516" CreationDate="2012-06-27T06:07:54.650" Score="2" ViewCount="1228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SafariDriver&lt;/a&gt; to automate google pages.&#xA;What I find is the driver opens the URL and loads the home page, but after that the driver is not responding and WebDriver is timing out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lines of code that are executing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;webdriver&quot;);&#xA;//driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;gbqfq&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;webdriver&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting console output :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jun 27, 2012 10:06:33 AM org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriverServer&#xA;  start INFO: Server started at  Jun 27, 2012 10:06:38 AM&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriverWebSocketHandler onOpen INFO:&#xA;  Connection opened Jun 27, 2012 10:06:39 AM&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriverWebSocketHandler onMessage&#xA;  INFO: Received message:&#xA;  {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;safari&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;MAC&quot;,&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;:true,&quot;cssSelectorsEnabled&quot;:true},&quot;id&quot;:&quot;78f7f1aa-8d4d-4d6b-8cc4-a58eb96bf3e2&quot;}&#xA;  Jun 27, 2012 10:06:39 AM&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriverConnection onMessage INFO:&#xA;  Processing message:&#xA;  {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;safari&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;MAC&quot;,&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;:true,&quot;cssSelectorsEnabled&quot;:true},&quot;id&quot;:&quot;78f7f1aa-8d4d-4d6b-8cc4-a58eb96bf3e2&quot;}&#xA;  Jun 27, 2012 10:09:39 AM org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriverServer&#xA;  stop INFO: Stopping server Jun 27, 2012 10:09:39 AM&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriverWebSocketHandler onClose INFO:&#xA;  Connection closed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get back the driver control and resume the rest of execution from line&#xA;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-05T22:48:58.063" LastActivityDate="2015-07-05T22:48:58.063" Title="SafariDriver is not responding after opening a URL" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3355" CreationDate="2012-06-27T16:37:43.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add onto Lyndon's answer, perhaps you could assign developers testing-related activities in a more formalized way. As said before, automated tests are great, so consider making them a development priority along with production code. The assigned developers could write and maintain the tests full- or part-time, and keep them up to date and in-line with current coding standards. Treating test code like production code could go a long away to help your testing processes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with this, if you have developers maintaining automated tests they will likely be doing at least some &quot;manual&quot; testing of the software, which is a benefit. Again, treat these processes like first-class citizens; allow developers or whoever else formalized time to explore and manually examine your software, either for purposes of automation or otherwise. Don't just squeeze in testing wherever there's time; embrace it for learning about your software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, if you find yourself thinking &quot;I really think we need a QA/test team&quot;, make it a priority. Figure out what works best for your team and follow through on it. Budgets are for all sorts of things, including new staff and resources. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2012-06-27T16:37:43.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-06-27T20:11:16.133" Score="4" ViewCount="4039" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a DSL for Selenium (or another testing tool) that will allow a non-programmer to automate functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2687" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:26:39.427" Title="Is FitNesse the only DSL for Selenium, or is there another DSL available?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-20T04:33:03.600" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3360" CreationDate="2012-06-27T21:59:24.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt; is an alternative.  There is also an artical on &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/dd453038.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN&lt;/a&gt; about doing acceptance testing with IronRuby and &lt;a href=&quot;http://rspec.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RSpec&lt;/a&gt; with RSpec filling the role of FitNesse I believe.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not used any of these though just as an aside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2012-06-28T16:17:38.263" LastActivityDate="2012-06-28T16:17:38.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3355" CreationDate="2012-06-28T02:30:58.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you are slotting time for regression testing.  A continuous automated testing approach would reduce your testing cycle.  I'd look at designing your automation suite around this idea and run it nightly for GUI and service testing (or more if you are ambitious) while running unit tests on all builds.  A nightly automated regression suite would probably reduce your need to only a single or half day of testing (like you said its hard to automate everything).  Additionally you would get the value nightly feedback on your quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this is a delicate balance.  You need to find the time to create, manage, and maintain that.  You can see how it can easily lead to recommending adding a tester to your team to help manage that.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Management sales pitch:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding a tester could reduce your testing cycle by 1 day.  If you are running 2 week sprints that will add an additional 26 days of development a year (2 1/2 more sprints).  I&quot;m not sure how large your team is, but most likely that should easily pay for the tester's salary.  Of course that tester better be a rock star.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-06-28T02:30:58.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3360" CreationDate="2012-06-28T10:03:33.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the ones Dan mentioned, take a look at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt;, a free open-source tool with a &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework-seleniumlibrary/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium library&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thoughtworks-studios.com/twist-agile-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Twist&lt;/a&gt;, an Eclipse-based commercial tool from ThoughtWorks, with Selenium support built in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-06-28T10:03:33.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3360" CreationDate="2012-06-28T12:33:59.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A very big problem is that we are wasting a lot of time to find and learn the tool instead of just do what you want in “pure” language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DSL is a set of subroutines that just have a specific name for your domain and do some domain-specific stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can create such procedures/functions/methods whatever on any languages of you’ve  chosen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can create such subroutines on any languages: Java, C#, Ruby, Perl, Python &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Test&#xA;// … in the middle &#xA;var non_android_phone_vendors = “Nokia”;&#xA;varandroid_phone_vendors = “Samsung”;&#xA;goto_the_applications_home();&#xA;go_to_the_catalog();&#xA;search_for(“Android phone”);&#xA;add_first_good_to_basket();&#xA;var vendors_from_basket = get_goods_vendors_from_basket();&#xA;verify_list_does_not_contain(“Nokia”, vendors_from_basket);&#xA;verify_list_contains(“Samsung”,vendors_from_basket);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do not need any tools to start creating the tests. But then, when you have a strong Automation Layer – you could add any tool you want, but any tool is not required for you to create readable tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The knowledge of the programming language, OOP, and best practices is the only tools you need at the beginning. Use “pure” programming language to create the DSL for your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-06-28T12:33:59.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3360" CreationDate="2012-06-28T13:50:03.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;...that will allow a non-programmer to automate functional tests.&quot;&#xA;  Your answer misses a key point of the question. – Brian Reindel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brian, test automation is programming the automated tests, isn’t it? &#xA;Those keywords, like go_to_the_catalog() can be implemented by developers, and can be used by “non-programmers” later. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not so hard to create the tutorials how to create and run the automated tests and document all the keywords for the “non-programmers”, so those people would be able to combine and reuse the keywords. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, thinking that the basic programming knowledge for “non-programmers”  (variables, loops, subroutines) is hard to understand – is misconception. &#xA;Let’s say, What popular test automation tools have you seen that does not require basic programming skills? Is it SilkTest? QTP? Rational Robot? Ranorex? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of those tools is popular and require programming skills. Even in the Selenium IDE when some of the locators fail you have two options: do some programming and change locator or re-record all the entire test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Fitnesse  or Cucumber or Robot Framework you will also need to program your own keywords. &#xA;The same approach can be used in the pure programming language: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programmers create keywords &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non-programmers can use the keywords, reuse and combine them in any sequence they want&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-06-28T13:50:03.063" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3189" CreationDate="2012-06-29T14:13:40.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding, I am listing down the below resolutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to use more specific and short XPath using @id, @class, etc. for the HTML elements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; instead &lt;code&gt;clickAt()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;mouseDown()&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;clickAt()&lt;/code&gt; - Sometimes this works.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try with all the above 3 options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2698" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-26T21:27:54.853" LastActivityDate="2012-11-26T21:27:54.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2267" CreationDate="2012-06-29T14:19:15.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The functions (APIs) available in selenium for drag and drop do not work properly. So my suggestion for the drag and drop, can be resolved by the below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.mouseDown(fromLocator, &quot;0,0&quot;);&#xA;selenium.mouseMove(toLocator, &quot;0,0&quot;);&#xA;selenium.mouseUp(toLocator, &quot;0,0&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please try and let us post your observation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2698" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-06-18T11:43:15.263" LastActivityDate="2013-06-18T11:43:15.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="853" CreationDate="2012-06-29T14:56:36.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you have a try with &lt;code&gt;selenium.mouseDown(TargetLocator)&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now &lt;code&gt;TargetLocator&lt;/code&gt; can be till the immediate before &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; of the &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; OR till the &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please try with both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2698" LastEditorUserId="14388" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T13:37:31.377" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T13:37:31.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3369" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3376" CreationDate="2012-06-29T15:45:58.993" Score="2" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm the client, and I'm wondering what the best practice is for providing feedback to a 3rd party development shop that's building my company's iPhone app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Devs provide a version of the iPhone app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I review it and put my comments into a Word document that contains a running list of all prior feedback that's yet to be implemented.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They receive that feedback document, address our feedback, then further build out the app so we can provide feedback on new areas of the app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Along with the next build of the app, they send me back the Word doc with comments indented below my comments, and they indicate whether my comments have been addressed/completed, can't be done, or they might ask questions or tell me it's a work in progress since the feedback could take a while to implement, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically that's it, and this Word doc is updated (and snapshots for each version of it are saved off to an archive) after each iteration of the app. It's a running tally of all the feedback we've given thus far that still needs to be implemented. (i.e., &quot;we don't like this color,&quot; or, &quot;please make this larger.&quot; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wonder if there's a more efficient way or tool to keep track of all the feedback/outstanding items. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's sample feedback discussion that happens in the Word document:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Client: I shouldn’t be able to select text in any field that’s set by a picker. Examples include Xxxx Xxxx and Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxx fields. Field should be read-only, like a label.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dev: COMPLETED -  all picker fields have selectAll disabled.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Client comments: Tapping and holding on buttons like Xxxx Xxxx and Xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxx still pulls up the magnification loupe. They’re buttons and the only action that can be performed on them should be a single tap. The single tap takes the user to a screen of values. Once the value is set, the button displays that value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2699" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T18:25:58.803" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:25:58.803" Title="Providing feedback to developers" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3370" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3372" CreationDate="2012-06-29T15:51:12.717" Score="2" ViewCount="316" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just asked a question about best practice for providing feedback to a 3rd party dev shop, and this question's more about what to expect from them, and basically how to review an iPhone app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now we get the app without any QA by the dev shop, which is fine. I'm finding lots of bugs, which is natural, but I wonder what's the best practice: should I as the client be testing this for every bug I can find, or should I just be trying to see if the functionality works and when it doesn't work, indicate such in my feedback to them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm finding that what I've been doing (trying to squash every possible bug I can) is becoming extremely time consuming but it seems unavoidable if I'm trying to test the functionality of the app and keep coming across bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to feel like I should be providing more feedback on look and feel, and less on the little things like &quot;phone number formatting isn't working right&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are my expectations off?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2699" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T13:27:18.653" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T13:27:18.653" Title="How to know what bug and usability feedback to give to developers when on a contract?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3369" CreationDate="2012-06-29T16:27:46.920" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had to do this in the past with vendors, and this kind of system has never really worked out all that well.  Whenever possible, for a project like this, you may want to see about actually setting up some sort of requirements/project tracker (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thoughtworks-studios.com/mingle-agile-project-management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mingle&lt;/a&gt;, sharepoint project template, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/software.html?compURI=1172141#.T-3WtrWe7gc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quality Center&lt;/a&gt; are ones that I have experience with, but there are plenty of free and/or open source ones as well).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, feedback tends to be a little more organized and granular.  You don't have to refer to a previous document or email.  Save everything within each item.  Importantly, ensure that the company doing this also has access to application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T16:27:46.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3370" CreationDate="2012-06-29T16:41:16.810" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Was there any requirement for formal QA to be performed on there side.  Many small shops don't have dedicated testers.  It's just the developers who are writing the code who are testing it and the customer performs a testing/UAT role.  The client should be aware of this up front.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm finding that what I've been doing (trying to squash every possible&#xA;  bug I can) is becoming extremely time consuming but it seems&#xA;  unavoidable if I'm trying to test the functionality of the app and&#xA;  keep coming across bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yep, welcome to the life of a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that you're expectations may be off if the functionality hadn't defined already as to how it was to function.  If this had been clearly defined however, and it happens often (multiple times per requirement/iteration), you may want to look for a different shop in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T16:41:16.810" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3369" CreationDate="2012-06-29T17:00:42.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using a Trello Board ( trello.com ) as a very lightweight way of tracking issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T17:00:42.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3370" CreationDate="2012-06-29T17:02:25.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Find a different dev shop where they undertand and DO testing so that they deliver an app with very few bugs ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;( yes there are places like that, I'm working at one )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T17:02:25.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3370" CreationDate="2012-06-29T17:41:10.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Addressing your question specifically, it is your job to report every bug you find. When you start making yourself ignore the smaller details, you do the customer and yourself a dis-service. Down the road the might notice these smaller bugs and wonder why you didn't find it. Or they may fix all the big functionality issues then want you to catch all the smaller bugs, but maybe you have a hard time seeing them because you made your brain start ignoring them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the future you should probably try to find a client whose developers don't write such buggy code and maybe talk with them ahead of time about what your expectations are of them, and what they're expecting you to report back with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2701" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T17:41:10.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3369" CreationDate="2012-06-29T17:59:32.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Word documents can be helpful to share initial requirements, but get pretty messy with back and forth like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest using a tool like Pivotal Tracker where you can track features, bugs and chores. It's not the best bug tracker I've used, but it's nice to have one place to go for all of your features as well, and see their state at any given time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pivotaltracker.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pivotaltracker.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2701" LastEditorUserId="2699" LastEditDate="2012-06-29T23:52:20.003" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T23:52:20.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3369" CreationDate="2012-06-29T18:15:36.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If possible, go there and discuss with them face to face about the new features they are going to implement next. Ask them to demo the latest enhancements so that you can comment them. You can pass much more information when talking compared to slower feedback loop of writing comments. If visiting them regularly is not possible, try online meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusions of the discussions should then go to your tracking system. I agree with others that some lightweight tracking or ticket system with automatic history would probably suit you well. Do they already use some system for their internal bug tracking or bookkeeping in the iterations? Could you get access to that? That way their manual workload would be smaller and everything would be nicely in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T18:15:36.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3370" CreationDate="2012-06-29T20:56:04.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Michael, the solution is depends on your plans, budget, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you plan to continue working with this dev shop for a long time and you have enough budget – then the best decision (you know it without this words) – is hire a tester for the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it will not fix all the issues at a moment. As I understand, you are the Domain Expert and only you know how the application should behave and what problems it should solve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A new tester, first of all have to learn the domain. During this time he/she will make a lot of mistakes but eventually you will get your “advocate” on the dev team side. If you have enough time and budget – then it would be the best solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise – you are the only tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael, I would like to highlight that the developers (almost all) are focused on technology and implementation. They will implement everything as they’ve understood you said. You and the dev team have different mindsets. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the parallel question about the tool, you have chosen the Pivot Tracker as a collaboration tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend you to look at Bug Trackers also, for instance, Mantis: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mantisbt.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mantisbt.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug tracking software – is designed to create/triage/prioritize the software bugs. It is just an advice; maybe you will find that Pivot Tracker is enough for dev management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And maybe the Specification by example could help you? &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_by_example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_by_example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key idea of this practice is specifying with precise examples. So, the software specification made up with examples. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The phone numbers on the search results page should be formatted like&#xA;(888) 999-222-2 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The user search page should correctly display names&#xA;in any encoding like Dmitry Zhariy or Дмитрий Жарий&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this technique you could create a requirements for most important application units and give the examples for better understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-06-29T20:56:04.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3346" CreationDate="2012-07-01T14:51:30.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this exactly covers your desire, but if you are testing servers, and if you are willing to automate your testing (probably a good idea anyway) you can just use scripts to send requests, or with javascript even to run from within a browser and simulate user interaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user2704" LastActivityDate="2012-07-01T14:51:30.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3346" CreationDate="2012-07-01T22:44:06.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whilst there is no commercial tool that could do this you could definitely &quot;roll your own&quot;. For demo purposes I have built tools that fire up four browsers simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The challenge though, especially with IE it that if you are doing this on the same machine then you will get &quot;session corruption&quot;, and the browsers will be effecting each other. Some examples are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logging in to one browser will most likely log in both.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a pop up occurs, which session created it ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can live with this, I would look into using selenium, via &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenumhq.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenumhq.org&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-07-01T22:44:06.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3381" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-02T22:28:53.820" Score="15" ViewCount="50975" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can you measure the efficiency of the QA team? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What KPIs would you set up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1789" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T07:29:55.673" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:13:29.790" Title="What is a good KPI for software QA?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3381" CreationDate="2012-07-03T06:29:07.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest KPI would be that quickly after the team gets a release, the rate defects are found is high but then quickly tapers off as they find fewer and fewer.  However, you will get what you measure, and games can be easily be played with these sorts of measures - i.e the team can work very hard for the first two days and then slack off completely and hey presto it looks like you're ready for release as they're just not finding bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are of course other KPIs that could be used, such as the proportion of defects found before/after release - but that, of course, is a very slow lagged measure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;KPIs are a great idea, but in real life, things are not as simple as &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; KPI unfortunately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1388" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:13:20.663" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:13:20.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3384" CreationDate="2012-07-03T10:43:56.450" Score="2" ViewCount="2152" Body="&lt;p&gt;On an old build there was a problem with one component that consumed a lot of RAM. As a result, another component started failing with a wrong error message. The first component has been fixed and does not consume extra memory now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I want to verify that second component was fixed, and in order to do that, I need  a way to decrease the amount of free RAM. Any guidance on how to do that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T18:22:13.837" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:22:13.837" Title="How to simulate low RAM on a machine?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3383" CreationDate="2012-07-03T12:44:46.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's some ideas here on this old StackExchange question which should hopefully help you - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2285701/how-do-i-limit-ram-to-test-low-memory-situations&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2285701/how-do-i-limit-ram-to-test-low-memory-situations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-07-03T12:44:46.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3292" CreationDate="2012-07-03T13:03:57.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Java that would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement box = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='multi-selections']&quot;));&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; lc = box.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;input&quot;));&#xA;for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt;= lc.size(); i++) {&#xA;  lc.get(i).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2710" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-01T20:51:24.763" LastActivityDate="2012-12-01T20:51:24.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3381" CreationDate="2012-07-03T15:26:42.643" Score="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;KPIs can be dangerous - it's very easy to measure the wrong thing or worse, reward the wrong thing. The general rule is that people will do more of the things that get rewarded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the things you should consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use the number of bugs raised by the team, you will see bugs raised for things like misplaced pixels. Modifying this to use the number of bugs above a specified severity level will get your misplaced pixels classified to urgent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using the number of bugs tested or cleared as a KPI tends to encourage testers to be less thorough and focus on checking that the bug as described is fixed without touching anything that might affect their statistics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Throughput of testing per person is equally dangerous: the temptation to test less thoroughly in order to meet the standard set for the indicator will arise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any metric you use will be heavily dependent on context - a tester working with a developer who unit tests thoroughly, makes sure his integration is clean and checks that he's doing the right thing will not find many bugs in that developer's work. A project that's had its timeline cut to meet an external deadline will generate more bugs and have more bugs reach the customer than one that's been well-planned and executed without major time or resource stress.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No one metric can capture the complexities of testing. Who is doing the better job, the tester who works through a complex new feature and finds a dozen severe bugs in a week, or the tester who works through a complex new feature and finds one catastrophic bug in that week? The answer is neither: both testers are finding information that needs to be surfaced, but the information they find differs because they're working in different areas with different developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Almost no-one has the resources for multiple testers to perform the same tests against the same software. That means that no measurement can capture performance because there is nothing that can be directly compared. There are too many variables involved, including how much pressure the tester is under to finish testing so the software can be released (no, this isn't ideal, but it's how it works in a lot of places).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No matter what measure you use, it's best to use it as an informational tool: this team averages this much testing for this many bugs so if we're going to use them we need to schedule this much time. Using a metric to rank your testers will give you results that are... less than you desired.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this list helps you decide what you need to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-07-03T15:26:42.643" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3387" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-03T19:24:44.517" Score="11" ViewCount="53146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate uploading an image. The uploader is a &lt;em&gt;Flash object&lt;/em&gt; and using AutoIt is not an option. So I am trying to work my way around this with just webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is to 'set' the value attribute of the image uploader with a link pointing to an image saved on the server. My question is, is there a method to set the attribute of an element in webdriver? I know there is one to get value (get_attribute). I am using Python/Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The input field is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;allImages&quot; id=&quot;allImages&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I have tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;image = wd.find_element_by_id(&quot;allImages&quot;)&#xA;image.value = &quot;http://optimusprime/uploads/b31f8a31-9d4e-49a6-b613-fb902de6a823.jpg&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The script runs without error, but the attribute value is not set. Can anybody please point me to the right way of setting attributes? (if there is one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:52:18.490" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:52:18.490" Title="Set attribute of an element using webdriver + python" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3387" CreationDate="2012-07-03T22:20:28.760" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote a javascript snippet as follows after reading replies from the webdriver google group:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wd.execute_script(&quot;document.getElementById('allImages').value = '../uploads/b31f8a31-9d4e-49a6-b613-fb902de6a823.jpg';&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or as &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/1112/sam-woods&quot;&gt;Sam&lt;/a&gt; suggested in the comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;image = wd.find_element_by_id(&quot;allImages&quot;)&#xA;wd.execute_script(&quot;arguments[0].value = 'foo.jpg';&quot;, image) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer from the webdriver google group:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Using the &quot;execute_script&quot; method is the recommended approach in this&#xA;  case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, none in WebDriver, since it aims to imitate a user and a user&#xA;  cannot set  attributes directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T11:32:45.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3381" CreationDate="2012-07-04T02:46:36.627" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best KPI's for testing are ones that you wouldn't expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can the team ship with a boring level of predictability ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are customers happy ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the product selling ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there very few critical issues found in production ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are budgets and schedules being met ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These co-incidenty are 'whole of team' KPI's which testing plays a key part of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-07-04T02:46:36.627" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3391" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3445" CreationDate="2012-07-04T07:44:23.390" Score="3" ViewCount="7695" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a complete newbie to automation testing. I am facing problems in the tools that i'm using for testing an iOS native application on iPad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tools that I have tried so far and the problems i'm facing with them are:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MonkeyTalk:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This tool works fine for me except the fact that it does not provide any functionality of getting a list of all the UI Components and their actual names (like getting ids, names as element locators on a web page when you inspect an element) This restricts me from using verification for existence of certain components while running a recorded script inspite of MonkeyTalk providing a command for verification. Also the iOS app on the simulator crashes a lot when used with MonkeyTalk.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frank:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt; To resolve the above problem, I found that using Symbiote that ships along with Frank lets one get a list of all the UI components that we want. I tried setting up Frank into the XCode project but I got too many errors and problems while setting up Frank. The installation docs provided by various sources aren't really helpful. I had to give up this tool just because it was too frustrating and complex setting up the tool in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestStudio by Telerik&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt; This tool is new and I found it crashing on the iPad device on which it was installed.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't yet tried XCode's UIAutomation framework. Is it possible to record a scenario with UIAutomation framework and also inspect UIcomponent types and names present on the app (like Firebug for web) so that I can use the component names for verifications / assertions in the script?&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone please suggest me any tool that would give me the facility of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recording a scenario.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inspecting the UI components(labels,images) to get their component name and type for assertions/verifications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2530" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T11:30:07.303" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T11:30:07.303" Title="Choosing a tool for iOS UI automation providing recording and inspection of elements" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3370" CreationDate="2012-07-04T21:14:22.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's kind of concerning that you say they have testers, but you are finding loads of bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be worth finding out what the testers are actually testing(!)&amp;nbsp;— not with the intention of giving them a hard time, but if you are finding stuff that shouldn't be there, then it's not really right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or are you getting it at the same time as the testers? Would it be worth allowing it to go through some of their tests before you spend a lot of your valuable time pointing out things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they still aren't testing enough, then it may be worth hiring a tester to help you test it.  Of course it depends on the app, but it doesn't necessarily need to be a fulltime role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/2012/06/getting-started-with-mobile-testing-a-mindmap/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MindMap/Checklist on Mobile Testing&lt;/a&gt; useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2515" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:43:12.163" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:43:12.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3391" CreationDate="2012-07-04T21:20:58.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not an expert, but SOASTA has got this - &lt;a href=&quot;http://soasta.com/products/cloudtest-mobile/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://soasta.com/products/cloudtest-mobile/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or MoneyTalk - (was FoneMonkey) - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/monkeytalk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2515" LastEditorDisplayName="user2355" LastEditDate="2012-07-26T11:36:08.390" LastActivityDate="2012-07-26T11:36:08.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3394" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-04T22:54:11.023" Score="3" ViewCount="1173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a data migration project going on.  There's a semantic mapping tool in the middle to translate between two DBs.  I'm testing that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, some issues that I find are fairly...blocking.  E.g, one that causes the wrong number of values to appear in every column in the new database.  Fairly big.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, any other tests I write that get masked by this issue I can't know if the test is right yet, or if once the blocking issue is fixed we may see more issues, or whether everything will pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The project manager wants to know progress and when I said it's tricky to tell because of this massively blocking issue, says &quot;put it this way, how many tests have you written?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this is a horribly inaccurate measure, as the tests could be wrong, or new bugs could cause new tests to need to be written, or we may run into even further blockers, let alone the fact that the tests will need to be re-run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He finally insisted that I tell him how many tests I've written, at which I could say &quot;80%, but...&quot; and he said &quot;well there's a metric!&quot;.  I tried pointing out why it's not a realistic one to measure progress though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there more legitimate ways to report progress to project managers when you have big blocking issues potentially masking further problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2013-05-29T02:20:34.730" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T03:55:57.673" Title="How to report test progress when you have blocking issues?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3394" CreationDate="2012-07-05T03:52:49.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you will find non-technical project managers and to make the matters worse they work against metrics rather than common sense. However, his question is legitimate to some extent. Given a feature, you could always come up with &lt;strong&gt;N&lt;/strong&gt; number of tests (after applying equivalence class partitioning, pairwise etc) and then you can group them as functional (positive, negative) and non-functional (internationalization, localization, security etc). Once you have covered all these areas then you can claim that the tests are complete. And then you can say that the execution is only 10% complete as there is a blocking issue and it is not worth continuing the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1103" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T03:52:49.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3360" CreationDate="2012-07-05T04:01:47.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best DSL I've found for WebDriver in Java world is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Geb&lt;/a&gt;. Fatures I like the most&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PageObject support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jQuery  content selection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Good integration with BDD frameworks like &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/spock/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spock&lt;/a&gt; (my suggestion), Cucummber etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Browser.drive {&#xA;    go &quot;http://myapp.com/login&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    assert $(&quot;h1&quot;).text() == &quot;Please Login&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    $(&quot;form.login&quot;).with {&#xA;        username = &quot;admin&quot;&#xA;        password = &quot;password&quot;&#xA;        login().click()&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    assert $(&quot;h1&quot;).text() == &quot;Admin Section&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1103" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T18:26:39.427" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:26:39.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3397" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-05T10:53:19.897" Score="3" ViewCount="3236" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to convert existing QTP script in to selenium? if yes then how ? is there any converter to convert or recreation of script is only possible solution for tha?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2718" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T13:00:24.467" Title="Is there any way to convert existing QTP script in to selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3397" CreationDate="2012-07-05T11:47:03.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Theoretically possible but practically too much work, example here of people trying it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/m/?fromgroups#!topic/selenium-developers/rq1sQwUIJKM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://groups.google.com/forum/m/?fromgroups#!topic/selenium-developers/rq1sQwUIJKM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T11:47:03.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3399" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3410" CreationDate="2012-07-05T13:49:20.243" Score="2" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company hopes to roll out support for mobile devices this year.  We plan to go with a pure-browser solution.  I am working on a strategy for testing our web application's mobile support.  We will, of course, test with actual mobile devices.  In addition to that, we may also test with the Android emulator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of our developers has read that the Android emulator is not worth the trouble because bugs found on the emulator cannot necessarily be reproduced on real devices.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone here have experience, either as a developer or as a tester, with testing web applications using the Android emulator?  If so, are bugs found on the emulator more likely than not to be legitimate bugs that can be reproduced on actual devices?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(There are alternative browsers you can download for Android, but I am interested specifically in experiences with the Android emulator's &quot;native&quot; browser.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-05T14:05:20.783" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T02:00:00.850" Title="Is a web application bug found on the Android emulator more likely than not to be a legitimate bug?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3394" CreationDate="2012-07-05T16:15:44.707" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The metrics can be divided so that there is reportable status.&#xA;1)  List of test conditions (i.e., test cases).  Do you believe that you have a complete list written down?  If so there is one metric (identification of the test conditions).&#xA;2)  From the list of test cases, how many are completely fleshed out as far as what needs to be done to run the test?  Your blocking issue probably prevents documentation of adequate detail on many of the cases you've identified.  This would be a second metric (development of test case steps).&#xA;3)  Test execution would be a 3rd metric.  What %, if any, have been executed and passed.  If there are none that wouldn't need to be re-executed after the blocking issue is fixed, this part is 0% complete.  If there are some tests which aren't impacted by the blocking issue, you &quot;may&quot; be able to count those as completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T16:15:44.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3394" CreationDate="2012-07-05T16:51:43.090" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to meet your project manager half-way.  Using an unrealistic metric does not help either of you, and you are right to be concerned about that.  At the same time, you need to avoid describing your problem in so much detail that your project manager will not understand it.  Given what you wrote, I think I would tell the project manager something like, &quot;If you want an accurate status that you can measure against your schedule, you need to break down my work into N parts (where N is preferably a very small number): design, code, debug, etc.  Here is where I am against those N parts.  And here are some risks to my continuing to make progress.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you already did that, and you are not satisfied with their response, you should amend your question with that information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-05T17:56:34.103" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T17:56:34.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3402" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-05T17:11:42.477" Score="4" ViewCount="4137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium web driver with Java language. When there are two buttons in a popup i.e. ok and cancel , it can be easily handled with web driver using the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;alert.accept(); // or alert.dismiss(); depending upon the action you want to perform.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what to do when there are more than two buttons, i.e. there are 3 to 4 buttons in the pop up ( e.g. like ok, cancel, try again, ignore/continue)? How can we click on whichever button that we want?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1989" LastEditorUserId="21577" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T01:42:06.230" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T01:42:06.230" Title="Handling popup with many buttons using Selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3403" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-05T18:03:37.167" Score="1" ViewCount="5247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been coming across this term too much recently. But I'm not sure what it is. I know about Alpha testing and Beta testing. I know the version of the application made available to users for and during beta testing is called a Beta release. But what exactly is Pre-beta? If they are releasing it to public for testing, it's already Beta, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2720" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:29:50.690" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T00:18:59.347" Title="What is Pre-beta release?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3403" CreationDate="2012-07-05T18:18:42.080" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;BETA releases generally refer to full functionality and minor-no bugs expected.  Pre-BETA releases are generally considered not as stable as their Beta counterparts.  Some features may not be implemented and it would not be surprising to the developers to experience a Blocker issue and/or major bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BETA = minor tweaking needed&#xA;Pre-BETA = major development still needed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T18:18:42.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3402" CreationDate="2012-07-05T18:46:09.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could probably use the sendkeys function from the alert class to either press the shortcut key to select the item you want or tab to the correct item and press enter.  Unfortunately it doesn't seem like the Selenium Alert class allows you to click a specific item, which would be much more useful...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-07-05T18:46:09.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3403" CreationDate="2012-07-06T03:07:02.847" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pre-beta sounds like a non-standard term that people are inventing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common term for pre-beta is an alpha release, hence beta being the greek alphabet letter that comes after alpha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft use the term &quot;Technology Preview&quot; that essentially means not of beta quality and features may change but hey, have a look and tell us what you think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T03:07:02.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3397" CreationDate="2012-07-06T03:11:07.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made a similar transition in the past from TestPartner to WatiN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we did is we started writing all our new tests in the new framework and just kept executing the old tests in the old tool. When one needed to be updated, we would turn off the old one and write a new one in it's place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This avoids a huge rewrite, let's you use a new tool as well as leverage your investment in the licenses that you already have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T03:11:07.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3408" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-06T03:37:49.137" Score="5" ViewCount="7496" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to compare Sqlite databases with each other, both schema and data. I know that a rather crude method exists by &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2093263/how-to-compare-two-sqlite-databases-on-linux&quot;&gt;comparing the database dumps&lt;/a&gt; with each other. But are ther any other methods as well? Especially from a command line environment. I know several tools for comparing databases exist, and I would like to know what sort of methodology they use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2634" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2019-09-20T19:41:38.490" Title="Comparing Sqlite databases" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;sql&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3360" CreationDate="2012-07-06T05:19:24.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thucydides-webtests.com/2011/09/23/hello-world/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Thucydides&lt;/a&gt; is here. It allows groovy and is very succinct in comparison to java for writing Selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T05:19:24.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3399" CreationDate="2012-07-06T05:23:07.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never come across a defect which persists in android emulator and not on real device. This has been my experience with both web and android app testing on android emulator 4.0 and above. Though I can not firmly say that there are no discrepancies between emulator and real device but if cite some examples on, then you may receive better responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One of our developers has read that the Android emulator is not worth the trouble because bugs found on the emulator cannot necessarily be reproduced on real devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T05:23:07.050" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3411" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-06T09:43:13.133" Score="3" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in a project which uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_management_tools#List_of_test_management_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Test Manager&lt;/a&gt; (MTM) for running tests. Although a fairly solid piece of software, it lacks some functionality that other test management software has.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One feature I was wondering if there was a patch for is editing tests while running them. I have seen a blog post somewhere complaining that this is not possible in the straight install. I also think there may be a patch which adds this functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a patch which adds the &quot;edit while running&quot; functionality to MTM?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T08:57:22.650" LastActivityDate="2021-01-14T09:09:02.647" Title="Is there a patch in Microsoft Test Manager to allow for editing tests while running?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3399" CreationDate="2012-07-06T16:07:32.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done a vast amount of testing on Android devices and on the Emulator.  There is a disparity between the emulator and real devices when it comes to networking.  There are .apk add-ons for the emulator that you can install to help the network functionality, which brings it closer to being reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides network connectivity, the emulator is accurate for about 97% of the issues it will displays vs. what the actual device will display.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also don't forget the emulator would need to be set up for each different screen resolution/dpi/OS version, as Android is not 100% compatible across all devices as they would like developers to believe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T16:07:32.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2012-07-06T18:10:30.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;RedGate offers a suite of tools to help with DB comparisons: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.red-gate.com/products/sql-development/sql-compare/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.red-gate.com/products/sql-development/sql-compare/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a tool to compare schemas from different DB's as well as a tool to compare the data from tables or from the result of a query.  We use the data compare tool every time we update our database to ensure that queries often done by our product code return the same data in the same order, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2012-07-06T18:34:17.747" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T18:34:17.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3414" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3419" CreationDate="2012-07-06T20:13:26.687" Score="2" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering how others in the industry deal with this. Right now I do this in my tests that have known bugs and aren't worth taking the time to run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from nose.plugins.skip import SkipTest&#xA;    def empty_documents_test(self):&#xA;        raise SkipTest('Bug #1723 not fixed yet as of 2012-03-22')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works great for skipping over the tests. But what about UNskipping them? Right now I'm manually checking our issue tracker to see if the issue number has a new status of &quot;Developer Done&quot; (i.e. a fix has been committed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better way? Maybe a Python decorator that implies &quot;run this test, but we're expecting it to fail, so do something special when it does&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:51:23.837" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:51:23.837" Title="Unskipping skipped tests once bugs are fixed?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2648" CreationDate="2012-07-06T20:21:20.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Aniket, this kind of exhaustive UI test is not worth it. Another thing to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Awhile back, I inherited a manual test case plan from someone who left the company. He had been doing things like checking the list sorting behavior in every area of the app. He wasn't a programmer and didn't understand that the code behind the dropdown box for the sorting mechanism was &lt;em&gt;the same each time&lt;/em&gt;. He was over-testing. This is the kind of thing you'd run into if your test plan called for interacting with every widget possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember you're doing &lt;em&gt;functional&lt;/em&gt; testing of the behavior of the application under test, not testing whichever UI framework the developers chose to use. Chances are you'll find any UI-specific bugs when you are executing your functional tests anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T20:21:20.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3411" CreationDate="2012-07-06T21:14:23.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Test Manager (MTM) in Visual Studio 2010 does not have this ability and I am not aware of any plugins/patches that allow this to happen. Unfortunately, it does not appear that MTM in Visual Studio 2012 will have this feature either: see &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20150910200222/http://blogs.msdn.com/b/visualstudioalm/archive/2012/02/29/what-s-new-for-microsoft-test-manager-in-visual-studio-11-beta.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this MSDN blog&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2726" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2021-01-14T09:09:02.647" LastActivityDate="2021-01-14T09:09:02.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2012-07-06T23:13:47.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you only need rough precision, the dump method is crude but does get the job done.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a lot of precision, I have done a similar task using Python's SQLite module.  (http://docs.python.org/library/sqlite3.html)  I grabbed and directly compared alike rows in each table and wrote out changes to a file, with further post-comparison and UPDATEs done after all comparison was done.  You can do similar comparisons with the schema for each &quot;*.db&quot; file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2012-07-06T23:13:47.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3399" CreationDate="2012-07-07T02:00:00.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a moderate amount of time spent with the emulator, but rarely use it for testing.  My experience has been mostly with games and other performance intensive applications.  Many times the emulator led to false positives for me in regard performance, or led to race conditions that could not be reproduced on a device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, what little work I have done for web content for Android, the emulator was incredibly helpful.  Getting a device to route through a proxy is a nightmare on Android, but the emulator makes it easy.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T02:00:00.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3414" CreationDate="2012-07-07T08:44:37.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is another way.  I call it “workarounds”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ingredients:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1. In the separate file, define all bug numbers as contestants&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cont int BUG_48484 = 48484&#xA;cont int BUG_5555 = 5555&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Create a dictionary/hash with bug names and descriptions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MyBugList = (&#xA;&#xA;*# Commented: BUG_48484 =&amp;gt; “Application crashes”,*&#xA;BUG_5555 =&amp;gt; “The Large Hadron Collider plugin hungs”&#xA;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the bug is in list – that mean it is not fixed. To mark the bug as fixed – just remove or comment it from the list &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Write  a simple function that looks if the bug_id exist in the list. It returns true if the bug is not in the list&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def Is_bug_fixed(bug_id)&#xA;   bug_found =false&#xA;   if MyBugList[bug_id] != null&#xA;       bug_found =true&#xA;   return not bug_found&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Create your own SkipTest&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def MySkipTest(bug_id)&#xA;   if not Is_bug_fixed(BUG_5555)&#xA;     raise SkipTest(bug_id  + MyBugList[bug_id])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Usage:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def empty_documents_test(self):&#xA;        raise MySkipTest(BUG_5555)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now all your bugs are described in a separate file. You will still need to update the status manually, but it will be easy now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add additional logic and logging to  Is_bug_fixed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can extend the MyBugList with advanced information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to recommend my presentation, but, sorry, it was made for Russian testers community, so it is in Russian. But the code snippets is in C# :)  (start from slide &lt;strong&gt;22&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.zhariy.com/2012/03/blog-post.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.zhariy.com/2012/03/blog-post.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the code also here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/2267565&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://gist.github.com/2267565&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T08:44:37.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2818" CreationDate="2012-07-07T22:11:25.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say service layer what exactly do you mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fitnesse is composed of two components - Fitnesse tables and the fixtures.&#xA;So you should be able to test any system at which ever layer you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back end service layer testing(Example: webservice testing, database testing)&#xA;Front end testing - There are a few Fitnesse projects to do it - Selenesse , Xebium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do a lot of webservice testing and database testing using Fitnesse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fitnesse pages for webservice testing - using script and decision table&#xA;Database testing - using Query table. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using SLIM for Fitnesse and the fixtures were written in C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2729" LastActivityDate="2012-07-07T22:11:25.057" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3421" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3428" CreationDate="2012-07-09T08:45:34.190" Score="12" ViewCount="1455" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a QA team suppose someone finds a defect that doesn't belong to his own assigned feature area but actually belongs to my owned feature area. That person logs this defect in the tracking system. It is not really a basic defect (sanity tests wouldn't catch it) but it isn't very corner case either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the management sees it as a bad thing. They contact me and wonder why the defect was missed by me. After all I am owning this feature area so they expect that I should have found that defect and not anyone else. &lt;strong&gt;I don't feel this expectation is realistic. Now I need to explain to the management that I missed that defect because I was busy on a different QA activity.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As QA members we are involved in, at the very least, any 2 of the following activities daily:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;running sanity tests almost daily (manual) (it could be on any of the pods for that day - qa pods, staging pods, production pods)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing hotfixes that make their way into the production pod&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;working on customer issues that arise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performing full test case regression on your owned area (takes 2 weeks)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;going through ERs/new features that are upcoming in the next version and understanding them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;writing test cases for the ERs/getting them reviewed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;executing the ER test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;exploring defects when discoverd and logging issues with details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;defect verification and further sanity tests for them as the fixes get merged into the code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here are my questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firstly, are the management's expectation realistic here?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If not, then how do I explain it to them? If I tell them whatever I have written here it seems to me that they are taking it as an employee being inefficient.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="816" LastEditorUserId="816" LastEditDate="2012-08-31T07:34:06.620" LastActivityDate="2012-08-31T07:34:06.620" Title="How do you manage the expectations of the management that the QA team would find all the bugs in their owned feature?" Tags="&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3421" CreationDate="2012-07-09T12:10:01.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to imply management in your org expects the QE team to be the gatekeeper as it should not become a blame game of why the defect was missed rather why it was introduced in the first place and the team collectively investigate the root cause of it surfacing. This would be followed by how we can prevent such bugs from seeping through in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2727" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T12:10:01.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3421" CreationDate="2012-07-09T12:20:42.723" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given infinite time and infinite resources you could never find all the defects within a feature or product, there may be some combination of keystrokes or conditions that can cause issues but are not always reproducible.  If Management is expecting you to find any and all defects in a feature then they are giving you unrealistic goals, if they allow that you can adapt your process to catch the defects by adjusting your testing as items &quot;get by&quot; then you can keep improving and be sure that &quot;this one&quot; won't get by again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you can explain to your Management, and using any high profile outage or defect that happens, is that testing is an adaptive or evolutionary process.  Even Microsoft releases patches against defects that are continually found in their software, if Microsoft is not finding every defect how are you expected to?  You can't find everything, especially if you are performing multiple test types and methods, but you can always reassess your testing and improve what you find.  In this case if the defect got out and was found by someone else ask the important questions, why was this missed?  Why did it take someone not familiar with the product to find it?  What test case can you add to assure it won't happen again?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What it will ultimately come down to is how willing is your Management to listen to you and your concerns and allow that your methodology will work, but will always need slight adjustments to keep things in check?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T12:20:42.723" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3421" CreationDate="2012-07-09T15:42:05.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We strive to find every defect, but for myriad reasons, bugs always slip through.  Generally speaking, it is unrealistic to (1) expect a feature to be defect-free by the time customers start using it or (2) expect you to be the only person who finds defects in your feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taken in isolation, your manager's reaction sounds unreasonable, but there may be other factors to consider.  For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has this happened to you with this manager before?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has it happened to others in your QA team?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did your manager have a bad experience with a tester who was inefficient?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have you given your manager any reason to believe that you are inefficient?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is  your manager under pressure to improve his team's quality or productivity?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is your company under pressure from your customers to improve quality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How complicated/testable is your feature compared to other features?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may also be cultural issues at work that are unique to a work environment in India.  In any case, understanding more of the underlying causes of your manager's reaction may help you formulate an appropriate response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T15:42:05.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3421" CreationDate="2012-07-09T16:36:54.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what everyone else has said, here are some other factors to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is your manager aware of the complexity level of your software? Given that your team is assigned to areas of the product, it sounds like you have a highly complex piece of software to support, which means that it's physically impossible to catch everything. If management isn't aware of the impact of the complexity level, you may need to provide a few examples for them to see what's actually happening.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is your management aware of what you and your fellow testers do on a daily basis? If not, this would be a good opportunity to educate them: if they see your team as a black hole where code goes in and quality (hopefully) comes out, they're likely to think you work miracles on a daily basis (you probably do, but not the kind your management thinks you're doing).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have a &quot;Speaker to Management&quot;? In my experience, people in managerial roles don't speak the same language as testers do. Both of them sound like English, but the meanings of a lot of the words are different.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you explain the power of serendipity and exploratory testing to your management or your Speaker to Management? From your description, it sounds like the problem that was found was something your regular testing schedule would not have found or would not have found until much later in the cycle: that means that someone else was doing something, noticed something odd and thought &quot;Hmm. That's funny. I wonder what happens if...?&quot; and found a bug. This is - as you recognized - a good thing, but because it's not a planned activity it's the kind of thing someone with a management background might not really understand without some leadup and background. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you point to both a full schedule and a test case that would have found this problem at some point in the cycle? While this is anatomy-covering on your part, you can also use the information to make the case that your team is understaffed so any problems anyone finds are a bonus to you. (I don't know if this is the case, but it's something I'm dealing with at the moment, so I'm familiar with that particular argument).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope some of these suggestions help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T16:36:54.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3421" CreationDate="2012-07-09T17:25:45.500" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's put aside all defensiveness for a moment.  Why in fact was the defect not found? Sometimes, &quot;because I have too many other things to do&quot; is in reality &quot;because the self-set priority of tasks wasn't appropriate&quot; or &quot;because my testing isn't deep enough to find that problem&quot;, or something else within your control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful when arguing that you have too much to do - that's a weak argument that you will seldom win. Everyone has too much to do, and not enough time. And every manager expects you to understand what is most important, and what is &quot;nice to have&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, think about what would have allowed you to find that bug before anyone else. Perhaps far stronger sanity tests, or earlier regression tests, or something else that is within your control?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to approach your discussion with management with a non-defensive attitude, and perhaps with a proposed solution.  Your management will appreciate that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing you might want to consider is reading &quot;Perfect Software: And Other Illusions About Testing&quot; by Gerald Weinberg beforehand. Some good discussion points in there.  Just remember, management isn't asking you why the software isn't perfect. Instead they are asking you why you didn't find a bug in your particular part of the software that they (rightly or wrongly) feel you should have caught. Perhaps they are justified in their feeling, perhaps not. Try to dig in and find out for yourself if they are right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T17:25:45.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3421" CreationDate="2012-07-09T19:41:42.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask them why the developer created the defect and didn't tell you! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your managements expectations are unrealistic, but they are not uncommon. We deal with this on a weekly basis. You can never find every bug because you can never complete every test. Just a little something I learned from Kem Caner and James Bach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2737" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T19:41:42.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3391" CreationDate="2012-07-09T20:02:42.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would it be fair to assess that you are building a Hybrid application (Native App surrounding Web Content)?  This information could be useful in answering your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason I am asking is because of this statement you made:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;names as element locators on a web page when you inspect an element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2737" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T18:21:56.750" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:21:56.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2648" CreationDate="2012-07-09T21:36:18.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that automated testing scenarios need to be build around real life use cases, so meaningfull testing script should be close to what user typically would do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If in your system it is a typical for a usual user to open all forms and fill all checkboxes, then, yes, otherwise - it is useless. Even if this testing will find some bugs and deelopers will spend some of their time to fix them for a scenario which will never occur, wouldnt it be better for developers to spend this time for creating a new features for their users?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1172" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T21:36:18.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2407" CreationDate="2012-07-09T23:50:56.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with general approaches is they are just that - general. That may or may not relate to you at all. So the most important thing is to understand or be prepared to learn as much as you can about the underlying system and software - in your case Postgres and some flavor of *nix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, like Siva, have tested replication on SQL Server using transactional replication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing I did was try to understand what the best model was for our needs. The first &quot;bug&quot; I found was my developer had chosen the wrong replication model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup the replication method several times. Remove it several times. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a realitic amount of data. Then use a large / unrealistic amount of data - say 5 years worth. See any problems?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance can degrade on both the Primary and Replicated DBs so make sure you can setup something similiar to production and see how it works.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you can restore from your transactional db in a way that is acceptable. How much data, if any, can you loose?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens when there are communication problems (read network problems) between the two?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned a lot of important information from testing replication like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Our current DB recovery mode was completely useless with replication. The transaction log would grow and fill the 500GB HD in a few days.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Several of our DB queries became deadlocked or too slow when the replication process would run and our software was actively being used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As I said above we started out with the wrong replication method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are so many variables when you start thinking about it. The more you know the better. I suggest finding as much documentation on Postgres replication as you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-07-09T23:50:56.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-10T20:04:42.170" Score="1" ViewCount="211" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read that functional testing is not that suitable when there is a lot of interrelated inputs. Is my understanding correct that e.g. following program would be really difficult to test using functional testing (test cases):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Car configurator with e.g. 20 fields, each of 20 choices, giving 400 possible combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say no one would write 400 test cases for that. But while this is still testing its functionality, we still call it functional testing, correct? But is not it actually risk-based approach when only some combinations are tested?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional question:&lt;/strong&gt; Is exploratory testing functional testing? I would say it is, yet it does not test against any document..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" OwnerDisplayName="user970696" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T18:16:58.487" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:16:58.487" Title="Suitability of functional testing to problems with many interrelated inputs" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3435" CreationDate="2012-07-10T20:22:05.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on the final output and structure of the fields.  If the back-end logic for the fields are all the same, testing each field and combination would be a waste of time.  There are 20&lt;sup&gt;20&lt;/sup&gt; (104,857,600,000,000,000,000,000,000) permutations for 20 items in 20 objects, not the 400 you suggested.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the combination of fields produce unique results and those results need to be validated, creating an automated test would be the way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your desired results are what should drive this decision.  There is always risk in &quot;passing&quot; something in QA when you have not looked at it, but if the backend logic is the same and it has been tested with other combinations, that risk is much lower than a section of the application that has had zero testing performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-10T21:05:09.093" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T21:05:09.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3435" CreationDate="2012-07-10T20:26:27.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems to be more of a philosophical question than a practical one.  The use of the term &quot;functional testing&quot; is not particularly important; what is more important is what you do, and why you do it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, what you described is a risk-based approach, but the entire testing practice is an approach to mitigating risk.  The fact that we &quot;do not test everything&quot; does not mean we are not doing a particular kind of testing.  There is always a bigger context that we selectively sample from.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-07-10T20:26:27.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3438" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-10T20:27:13.197" Score="1" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any trusted, verified and regarder classification of testing? The discrepancies I talk about are like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Functional testing  =testing against documentation/requirements to verify functions of the SW&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is obviously not true as non-functional requirements can be also stated like performance requirements etc and thus testing it would be rather functional testing (of non functional requirements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or consider &lt;strong&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt;, it is apparently functional testing but based on your ideas that come from the expected functionality (or vice versa, you try to brake it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T19:35:24.047" Title="Fundamental classification- discrepancies" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3402" CreationDate="2012-07-10T20:29:41.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you use the Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AdvancedUserInteractions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AdvancedUserInteractions&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you using CSS style sheets and/or page objects?  It's very simple to select a single option from multiple choices using either of those and defining the buttons as &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebElements&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element1.click() // (if you're using Java)&#xA;element2.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T07:26:10.770" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T07:26:10.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3443" CreationDate="2012-07-10T23:57:13.287" Score="4" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;p&gt;A rule of thumb for using wait() would be before navigating to a different page. For Ex :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(lambda driver: driver.title.startswith(&quot;Submitted!!&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be other such instances where using wait() would be a good coding practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ask because i have experienced that when my test scripts  don't work i just stick in a wait() for elements/pages to load .&#xA;However i don't want to introduce a wait() after every webdriver action because that would increase the test time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your experience , what are the best practices to using wait() ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastEditorUserId="346" LastEditDate="2012-07-11T21:02:43.823" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T17:50:31.220" Title="Rule of thumb for using wait()" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3468" CreationDate="2012-07-11T06:19:24.960" Score="2" ViewCount="5473" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to parameterize the filename textfield of CSV dataset config. I am writing into different files for every user that I'm using in JMeter, hence I need to parameterize the filename option in the CSV dataset config to read the files I create for every user. How can i do that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using a user-defined variable called csvFilename which I'm referring to as &lt;code&gt;${csvFilename}&lt;/code&gt; in the filename option of CSV dataset config element. I'm writing into this variable the path of the filename from a BSF post-processor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;vars.put(&quot;csvFilename&quot;,&quot;/home/abhijeet/load_test_plans/users//&quot;+username+&quot;.csv&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(BFS post-process enables reading variables from JMeter). In the above line of code, a username is another variable that will change according to the username I fetch from a CSV file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my problem is that the variable &lt;code&gt;${csvFilename}&lt;/code&gt; is not replacing the file's path into the Filename textfield of CSV dataset config. Am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2530" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:08:50.583" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:08:50.583" Title="Using a variable in the filename textfield of CSV dataset config in JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3440" CreationDate="2012-07-11T06:58:11.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the WebdriverWait only waits until your expected condition is satisfied, I dont think your test will get delayed if your AUT's page and its elements get loaded on time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2012-07-11T06:58:11.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3440" CreationDate="2012-07-11T09:27:58.620" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to wait whenever there's a condition that must be satisfied before the test case can proceed. Waiting for a page to load is one such condition; another might be waiting for an AJAX interaction to finish, or for an error message to display.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sticking a wait() after &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; action is not productive. Sticking a wait before every action that must occur before another action can safely be performed is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2666" LastActivityDate="2012-07-11T09:27:58.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3391" CreationDate="2012-07-12T01:02:37.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently building tests using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/AnalysisTools/Conceptual/WhatsNewInstruments/NewFeatures42/NewFeatures42.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40010950-CH4-SW201&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;UI Automation tool&lt;/a&gt; found in Instruments. You can do both things that you are looking for. You can record tests and it allows you print the element tree and the names of those elements in the application. The tests are written in javascript and you can use the editor of your choice. When recording a test, the code will be displayed in the script editor in real time. I've also been using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/alexvollmer/tuneup_js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tuneup&lt;/a&gt; to make my assertions and organize my tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The UI Automation tool can be a little difficult at first, but it gets really easy to use as you go on. The Apple developer site has documentation on the tool and I see some blogs are now starting to write about the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2748" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T01:02:37.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3446" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-12T10:00:58.730" Score="3" ViewCount="3135" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to expand a dynamic section of the UI without much success. It works like a charm in the console (using the rubyshell instance) but when I execute this in a batch on TestWise I get this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;NoMethodError:&#xA;undefined method `click' for nil:NilClass&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please have a look and maybe through some ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;ID1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div id=&quot;ID2&quot; class=&quot;CLASS1&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;CLASS2&quot; onclick=&quot;some javascript goes here&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;CLASS3&quot;&amp;gt;Some text goes here&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;ID3&quot; class=&quot;CLASS4&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the Watir code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@browser.div(:id, &quot;ID1&quot;).div(:id, ID2).span(:class, &quot;CLASS3&quot;).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2749" LastActivityDate="2012-07-18T10:25:20.450" Title="Watir : NoMethodError: undefined method `click' for nil:NilClass" Tags="&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-12T10:37:19.570" Score="2" ViewCount="7288" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have scenario where clicking on some link in parent window  opens a new window, after performing the actions on the child window, iam unable get back focus on the parent window, I have used the command &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(parentWindowHandle)&lt;/code&gt; where parentWindowHandle is the window handler of parent window.&#xA;I have also used the SeleniumWebDriver backed command &lt;code&gt;selectWindow(parentWindowHandle)&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;I am getting the error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: 'auto_id' does not refer to an open tab (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 15 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.21.0', revision: '16552', time: '2012-04-11 19:08:38'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.7.0-ea'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 31 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.21.0', revision: '16552', time: '2012-04-11 19:08:38'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.7.0-ea'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: TafRemoteWebDriver&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:175)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:128)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:459)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:463)&#xA;    at com.socialtwist.taf.webdriver.TafRemoteWebDriver.getScreenshotAs(TafRemoteWebDriver.java:22)&#xA;    at com.socialtwist.taf.selenium.TafSelenium.screenShot(TafSelenium.java:1008)&#xA;    at com.socialtwist.taf.testnghelpers.CustomTestListener.afterInvocation(CustomTestListener.java:36)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.invokers.InvokedMethodListenerInvoker$InvokeAfterInvocationWithoutContextStrategy.callMethod(InvokedMethodListenerInvoker.java:100)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.invokers.InvokedMethodListenerInvoker.invokeListener(InvokedMethodListenerInvoker.java:62)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.runInvokedMethodListeners(Invoker.java:579)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:727)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:846)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1170)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.runWorkers(TestRunner.java:1147)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:749)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:600)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:317)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:312)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:274)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:223)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1049)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:974)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:905)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:111)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:203)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:174)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: 'auto_id' does not refer to an open tab (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 15 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.21.0', revision: '16552', time: '2012-04-11 19:08:38'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.7.0-ea'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver&#xA;Build info: version: '2.21.0', revision: '16552', time: '2012-04-11 19:08:38'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.7.0-ea'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:175)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:128)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:459)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:463)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.getScreenshotAs(ChromeDriver.java:149)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.handler.CaptureScreenshot.call(CaptureScreenshot.java:36)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.handler.CaptureScreenshot.call(CaptureScreenshot.java:1)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultSession$1.run(DefaultSession.java:151)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is failing in Chrome, but the same is working in FireFox browser.&#xA;I have used selenium-standalone-server-2.24.1.jar and Chrome driver 20 on Windows machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T10:55:46.323" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T10:55:46.323" Title="Selenium Webdriver - Unable to get focus back to child window" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3435" CreationDate="2012-07-12T11:02:15.910" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I live this scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My employer's software has somewhere north of 1000 configuration flags, some with minor effects and others with the ability to dramatically change the system behavior. They support defining some 15 different kinds of item for sale, each with different rules of operation, 8 tax definitions (each of which can be defined in one of four configurations), and have multiple sale interfaces. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since it's literally impossible to test all the possible combinations, we use a lot of automation and our coverage at the moment is approximately 20% of the system - but that 20% is specifically targeted to the configurations and interfaces that most of our customers use most often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this, we get very few bugs which can be added to our automation suites. The bugs that come in are typically things that can't be automated without a ridiculous amount of effort (a specific piece of hardware is not playing nicely with the software is a typical example) or that it's simply not worth automating (there's several hours of configuration to perform a 1 minute test that involves a configuration used by one customer who has no intention of upgrading, ever).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as exploratory testing goes, yes it is functional, but it's not worth getting hung up on terminology. In the example given, a smart tester will explore a semi-random selection of the potential combinations before targeting likely break points: can they configure the car to be a 2 seater with 4 doors? 6 cylinder electronic? And so forth. Often they'll document while testing and use their documentation to expand the functional documentation for the feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth remembering that the label attached to any kind of testing is heavily contextual and one tester's functional testing is another's exploratory or risk-based testing. As long as you end up with a record of what was tested, why, and what the results were, I don't think it's all that important to fuss about whether it was functional, exploratory, risk-based, or some other kind of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T11:02:15.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3391" CreationDate="2012-07-12T13:30:37.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running different test tools to check witch one is the best for me.&#xA;So far i testet, Monkey Talk, KIF, Calabash and UI Automation from Apple.&#xA;The easiest and best tool so far is the UIAutomation, it es very easy to use, has every thing i need so far.&#xA;The only thing i miss is cross platform support.&#xA;MonkeyTalk seems to be the closest to Automation but it hase some Bugs.&#xA;Maybe you have some idea?&#xA;I am testing a full native iOS App and a full native Android app. In the future maybe a full native iPad App.&#xA;Cross platform testing themes to be a big Problem at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BR&#xA;Hendrik&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2750" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T13:30:37.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3438" CreationDate="2012-07-12T18:42:45.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the actual question you asked - I don't know of any good source of testing definitions or classifications.  When in doubt, ask the speaker what he or she means.  If the definition given doesn't seem to match the obvious definition, question it - although not necessarily to the speaker (especially if that person is your boss).  SQA.SE is a good place to ask to get a feel for how the term is used throughout the industry, IMO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for what functional testing and exploratory testing are -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional testing and exploratory testing examine two different aspects of classifying tests:  What, and how.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Functional&quot; describes WHAT we test - functionality.  Functionality, performance, security, deployability are all terms that describe WHAT aspect of the SUT we are examining.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Exploratory&quot; describes HOW we test - by exploring the system under test.  Scripted, exploratory, with fuzzing, automatically, and manually are all terms that describe HOW we test the SUT.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can test performance in an exploratory manner, e.g., by wandering through a website with a stop watch.  You can test security in an automated manner by creating automated testcases that attempt common security attacks.  And so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definition you gave is an over-simplification of functional testing that conflates the &quot;what&quot; - testing functionality - with one part of the &quot;how&quot; - stepping through a requirements document and verifying each of the pieces of functionality that it mentions.  This is a common way of performing functionality testing, but it is not the only way.  As you mentioned, requirements can include more than functionality, and functional testing does NOT necessarily require documents.  In some companies, the main documentation of the requirements &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; the tests - that's the premise behind &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, the inconsistency of software testing definitions throughout the industry is a common source of frustration.  It's not just you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2012-07-12T19:35:24.047" LastActivityDate="2012-07-12T19:35:24.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2012-07-12T20:55:06.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't specifically tried it in Chrome, but what build of WebDriver are you running?  Have you tried updating to the latest to see if this is a bug that was fixed?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you tried &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(driver.windowHandles[driver.windowHandles.count -1])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;? Or just &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(driver.windowHandles[0])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T05:15:34.693" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T05:15:34.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2921" CreationDate="2012-07-13T02:10:00.763" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a script which loads jQuery through WebDriver.  I've been using it successfully for quite some time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Features:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- will not overwrite any existing jQuery instance.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;-- will not alter the DOM under test or pollute the global namespace&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;-- cleans up after itself to avoid memory leaks&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;-- waits for jQuery to be fully loaded before returning.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;-- takes an optional parameter specifying a jQuery source (defaults to version 1.7.2 from Google's CDN).&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;-- cross-browser compatible&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The Script:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must pass this as a string to &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/dotnet/html/M_OpenQA_Selenium_IJavaScriptExecutor_ExecuteAsyncScript.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;IJavaScriptExecutor.ExecuteAsyncScript&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;/** dynamically load jQuery */&#xA;(function(jqueryUrl, callback) {&#xA;    if (typeof jqueryUrl != 'string') {&#xA;        jqueryUrl = 'https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.2/jquery.min.js';&#xA;    }&#xA;    if (typeof jQuery == 'undefined') {&#xA;        var script = document.createElement('script');&#xA;        var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];&#xA;        var done = false;&#xA;        script.onload = script.onreadystatechange = (function() {&#xA;            if (!done &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (!this.readyState || this.readyState == 'loaded' &#xA;                    || this.readyState == 'complete')) {&#xA;                done = true;&#xA;                script.onload = script.onreadystatechange = null;&#xA;                head.removeChild(script);&#xA;                callback();&#xA;            }&#xA;        });&#xA;        script.src = jqueryUrl;&#xA;        head.appendChild(script);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else {&#xA;        callback();&#xA;    }&#xA;})(arguments[0], arguments[arguments.length - 1]);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example Usage (Java):&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.BufferedReader;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.io.InputStreamReader;&#xA;import java.io.Reader;&#xA;import java.nio.charset.Charset;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * An example of loading jQuery dynamically using WebDriver.&#xA; */&#xA;public class Test {&#xA;&#xA;    // its nice to keep JavaScript snippets in separate files.&#xA;    private static final String JQUERY_LOAD_SCRIPT = &quot;resources\\jQuerify.js&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    // driver&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        String jQueryLoader = readFile(JQUERY_LOAD_SCRIPT);&#xA;&#xA;        // give jQuery time to load asynchronously&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;        js.executeAsyncScript(jQueryLoader /*, http://localhost:8080/jquery-1.7.2.js */);&#xA;&#xA;        // ready to rock&#xA;        js.executeScript(&#xA;            &quot;jQuery(function($) { &quot; +&#xA;                &quot; $('input[name=\&quot;q\&quot;]').val('bada-bing').closest('form').submit(); &quot; +&#xA;            &quot; }); &quot;&#xA;        );&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // helper method&#xA;    private static String readFile(String file) throws IOException {&#xA;        Charset cs = Charset.forName(&quot;UTF-8&quot;);&#xA;        FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(file);&#xA;        try {&#xA;            Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream, cs));&#xA;            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();&#xA;            char[] buffer = new char[8192];&#xA;            int read;&#xA;            while ((read = reader.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;                builder.append(buffer, 0, read);&#xA;            }&#xA;            return builder.toString();&#xA;        }&#xA;        finally {&#xA;            stream.close();&#xA;        }        &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Credits:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I adapted this script from the excellent &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learningjquery.com/2009/04/better-stronger-safer-jquerify-bookmarklet&quot;&gt;jQuerify bookmarklet&lt;/a&gt; by Karl Swedberg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1027" LastEditorUserId="1027" LastEditDate="2012-07-16T19:20:46.657" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T19:20:46.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3455" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-13T08:26:15.107" Score="9" ViewCount="1216" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're looking for a Windows based tool to help us grep our apache &amp;amp; JBoss logs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have access to the unix boxes &amp;amp; are &lt;em&gt;generally&lt;/em&gt; comfortable with the grep command, but because we don't use it often enough the knowledge takes a while to come back to hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the structure of the team is changing from experienced contractors to graduate permies - We are having continued training sessions in unix &amp;amp; some of the basic commands, but the team is most definitely more comfortable in a windows GUI environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found this question over on stack overflow which has proved useful:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/87350/what-are-good-grep-tool-for-windows&quot;&gt;What are good grep tool for Windows? [closed]&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Big guns to come out of that question include &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cygwin.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cygwin&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://tools.tortoisesvn.net/grepWin.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;grepWin&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.powergrep.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PowerGrep&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anybody got any other suggestions that I might be missing please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duncs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="451" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-01-15T10:15:41.523" Title="Good Grep Tools for Windows" Tags="&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3455" CreationDate="2012-07-13T11:18:16.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.baremetalsoft.com/baregrep/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BareGrep&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;http://baremetalsoft.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;baremetalsoft.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I also use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.baremetalsoft.com/baretail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BareTail&lt;/a&gt; a lot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-15T07:23:36.000" LastActivityDate="2013-01-15T07:23:36.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3457" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3460" CreationDate="2012-07-13T14:30:53.850" Score="5" ViewCount="1396" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently writing Selenium 2 WebDriver tests for an ASP.NET MVC 2 website (the tests are written in C# and run with NUnit as the testrunner).  I'm familiar with unit testing (and have written unit tests for this project as well).  Therefore, I know that unit tests should each be self-contained (should leave the system in the same state that it started in, whether it passed or failed) and independent (order of the tests should not matter, and the tests can be run one at a time or as a full suite without getting different results).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been attempting to do this with my UI regression tests as well, but I've been running into cases where doing so seems like I'm doing a lot of repeating myself.  For example, in testing the CRUD of something called, for example, a Product.  The self-contained tests would go something like this (just listing the steps here, not code):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Log On:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup: None.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test: Navigate to the Log On page, enter log on information, click submit, verify that log on and redirect was successful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tear Down: Log off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Create:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup: Perform the logic from the Log On test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test: Navigate to the Create Product page, fill in form values, submit, verify that product is created and redirect was successful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tear down: Delete product, log off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Update:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup: Perform the logic from the Log On test and the logic from the Create test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test: Navigate to the Edit Product page, change some values, submit, verify that the update was successful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tear down: Delete product, log off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise for testing delete, log off, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, there is a lot of duplication between tests - the actions that are completed as the &quot;Test&quot; part of one test are duplicated in the setup or tear down of other tests.  It would reduce duplication greatly if, instead of making each test self-contained, the CRUD tests were always run together - first the log on test, then the create, the update, the delete, and finally the log off test.  However, this obviously goes against the very core of unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given how many websites are out there with basic CRUD operations, I imagine this situation must come up for a lot of developers.  So my question is: what is best practice in this situation?  Is it better to have a bunch of independent tests, which overlap one another to varying degrees in their set-up/tear-down code?  Or, in the case of automated UI testing/regression testing, is it ok (or even preferable) to have tests depend on one another?  Or as a third alternative, should all of the CRUD tests be rolled up in one giant CRUD test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there some approach that I don't know about that is better overall?  I've read about things like PageObjects, but unless I'm missing something, PageObjects really just refactor common actions into stand-alone methods/classes (which I completely agree with for ease of code maintenance and DRY principles), but they don't change the fact that you are still calling the same bits of logic over and over again in setups and tear-downs, rather than logging in once, creating one product, updating one product, deleting one product, and logging off once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2757" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T06:58:40.283" Title="Should Selenium 2 WebDriver tests of CRUD operations be self-contained and independent?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3455" CreationDate="2012-07-13T15:05:06.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had once come across &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/grepwin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GrepWin&lt;/a&gt; which was enough for my requirement. You can have a look.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2094" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T15:05:06.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3455" CreationDate="2012-07-13T16:35:55.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wingrep.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows Grep&lt;/a&gt;. Besides searching it can do replacing and runs on most versions of windows like Windows 98, 2000, XP, Vista and Windows 7.  There are a number of options out there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T16:35:55.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3457" CreationDate="2012-07-13T16:47:50.543" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Blobinator, welcome to SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the purposes of your question, it may help to think of a UI test as two overlapping activities: interacting (e.g. clicking/typing) and verifying (confirming that the site behaves correctly).  Interacting and verifying overlap because it may not be possible to interact in the way you intended unless the site behaves correctly.  For example, if clicking on the Edit button on page 1 does not take you to page 2, you cannot interact with page 2.  Despite the overlap, interacting and verifying are also distinct; for example, the navigation buttons may do the right thing regardless of whether the data on the page is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your tests should be independent in the sense that a test's success or failure should not depend on whether some other test preceded it.  This does not mean that the tests will not share code or share common workflows.  If you are concerned about unnecessary work, you might consider coding your tests so that a test can choose whether to verify a particular step.  It sounds like you may be doing some of this already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are arguments in favor of broad, end-to-end tests as well as more narrow, action-specific tests.  End-to-end tests are a better reflection of how you think the software will actually be used.  Narrow tests are better for problem isolation.  If you are a developer who is pressed for time, and you have a QA team, and you want to choose between concentrating on narrow tests and broad tests, I would recommend concentrating on the narrow tests and leaving the broad tests to your QA team, because they will need to do broad tests manually anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-09-25T14:13:08.873" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T14:13:08.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3457" CreationDate="2012-07-13T17:54:56.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I write all of our CRUD tests into a single class, broken down into dependent methods.  I create and assert the record is present, edit the record and assert the changes persisted, edit and then undo and assert the changes did not persist, then delete the record and assert it is no longer present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leaves the application in the state it was when the test began.  Like you stated, it is not &quot;unit testing&quot;, but it makes the most sense so you are not running the same test 4 times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T17:54:56.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-13T18:36:19.910" Score="1" ViewCount="1313" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium RC to create a framework with JAVA in MAC OS and Safari browser. Now to click on the CANCEL button in the safari browser print dialog box, I am using apple script. In the same system where the project is present and the browser is opening then the apple script is working fine. But if we are trying to open the browser in some other system in the same network then the apple script is not working. Also I tried with the JAVA ROBOT Keys. The same problem also persists there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to resolve this problem so that I can cancel the PRINT browser popup.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2698" LastEditorUserId="2698" LastEditDate="2012-07-13T18:44:31.540" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T12:11:35.043" Title="Press ESC key or click on CANCEL button of print(ctrl+p) dialog box in MAC OS using Selenium RC" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3457" CreationDate="2012-07-13T18:40:18.000" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;+1 to user246's answer.  This is in addition to what he already outlined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things to keep in mind: You can do setup that is not UI automation, so if you can call a rest API or some other API directly to create your product and save time and save going through the UI steps, go for it (unless of course you are testing that part of the UI).  I often create an interface for things like this and implement the UI and non UI version so I can easily pick which one I want to execute in my test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reporting is the main reason for breaking things out completely into separate tests.  If you get enough info from the failure to know exactly why the test failed and to be able to report on it reliably (get all of the failures for the last month in log in) then stringing together tests may be OK for you, although I still generally try to avoid it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T18:40:18.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3464" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3542" CreationDate="2012-07-13T19:55:59.237" Score="8" ViewCount="57991" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium 2/WebDriver for automation. I have a table and am trying to select a row in it. When the test runs, I can see the row become highlighted as if it is clicked, but then immediately I get the &lt;code&gt;&quot;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: Element is no longer attached to the DOM&quot;&lt;/code&gt; error and the test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void rowSelection() throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;    SeleniumHelper helper = new SeleniumHelper();&#xA;    action = new SeleniumActionHelper(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    helper.login();&#xA;&#xA;    String testUrl = navigateToUrl(&quot;option/listOptions.xhtml&quot;);&#xA;    driver.get(testUrl);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement table = findElementById(&quot;tableSection:dataTableWrapped_data&quot;);&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allRows = table.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;    for (WebElement row : allRows)&#xA;        {&#xA;            List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; cells = row.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;td&quot;));&#xA;            for (WebElement cell : cells)&#xA;            {&#xA;                WebElement listName = cell.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;./* [text()='body_build']&quot;));&#xA;                listName.click();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have put a &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(2000)&lt;/code&gt; in front and after the &lt;code&gt;listName.click()&lt;/code&gt; action, but neither has helped. Any help would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-23T18:40:41.783" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T06:32:21.583" Title="&quot;Element is no longer attached to the DOM” StaleElementReferenceException when selecting HTML table row" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3464" CreationDate="2012-07-13T20:41:53.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any chance we could see the page you are trying to automate?  I can think of one reason, which is that the way the table was developed is that there is javascript that when the element is interacted with rather than modifying the element instead it replaces it with a new element, in which case that element would no longer exist...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use something like firebug in firefox or IE developer tools to view the dom, does the element in question change when hovering over it?  If the developer is in fact replacing the element instead of modifying it's class, that would be a very odd implementation and I would argue you should file a bug and have them change the way it's implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-07-13T20:41:53.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3467" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3504" CreationDate="2012-07-14T01:15:41.037" Score="5" ViewCount="3820" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I automate mouse actions using Selenium2/Webdriver in combination with Firefox 12, I can easily get the &quot;mouse&quot; to move to and hover over a context menu so the sub-menus are seen.  However, if I have the &lt;em&gt;real&lt;/em&gt; mouse resting outside of the active window running the test, there's a 99% chance when the hover action occurs, the context menu will flash quickly and disappear as if the mouse had moved.  This causes the next step in the test to fail since the web element is no longer visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once in a blue moon the test will run fine if the mouse is outside of the window.  That's definitely a rare instance.  If the real mouse is resting &lt;em&gt;anywhere&lt;/em&gt; inside of the active window running the test, the hover action and test will run without issue 100% of the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone experienced this behavior or is it a known issue of Selenium2/Webdriver and Firefox?  If you have experienced this, although it doesn't seem likely there could be a workaround, have you found a way to counteract this behavior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a pain to have to wait for a test to run if it contains a hover command instead of letting it go in the background while I continue working on something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T11:25:48.610" Title="Issue with losing focus of &quot;hover&quot; command when the mouse is outside of the active window" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3441" CreationDate="2012-07-14T07:49:56.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I could not find any solution to this problem I'm facing I implemented a workaround for it by writing code into a BeanShell PreProcessor that would work like a CSV dataset config element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code i've written is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;import java.io.*;&#xA;&#xA;String uname = vars.get(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Username at the preprocessor: &quot;+uname);&#xA;String file_path=&quot;/home/abhijeet/load_test_plans/users//&quot;+uname+&quot;.csv&quot;;&#xA;FileReader f = new FileReader(file_path);&#xA;BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(f);&#xA;&#xA;String line = null;&#xA;String pt_id, first_name, last_name;&#xA;int file_counter = 0;&#xA;int gbcount = Integer.parseInt(vars.get(&quot;global_counter&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;while((line = reader.readLine()) != null){&#xA;    if(file_counter == gbcount){&#xA;        String[] fields = line.split(&quot;,&quot;);  &#xA;        pt_id = fields[0];  &#xA;        first_name = fields[1];&#xA;        last_name = fields[2];&#xA;&#xA;        vars.put(&quot;patientID&quot;,pt_id);&#xA;        vars.put(&quot;fname&quot;,first_name);&#xA;        vars.put(&quot;lname&quot;,last_name);&#xA;        break;&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        file_counter++;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;gbcount++;&#xA;vars.put(&quot;global_counter&quot;,String.valueOf(gbcount));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2530" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-07-17T15:46:05.650" LastActivityDate="2012-07-17T15:46:05.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3226" CreationDate="2012-07-14T19:03:56.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Learn from other testers' and developers' stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example story from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tejasconsulting.com/papers/bug-isolation-pnsqc-2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;How to Make your Bugs Lonely: Tips on Bug Isolation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; demonstrates steps the tester followed to isolate a really nasty bug in browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this story may not be applicable to your system, because your bug may be specific only to your system or technologies used. It may require a tester to be &quot;intimately familiar&quot; with the system and the technologies (as Kate Paulk commented).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, what I started to try at my previous work was to ask developers and testers that are more experienced or familiar with the system and its technologies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How have you found this cause?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How have you isolated this bug?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What steps have you followed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What tools/commands have you used in the process?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to do this every time another developers isolated not trivial bug.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2012-07-14T19:03:56.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="624" CreationDate="2012-07-15T05:33:16.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are a member of AST (the Association for Software Testing) or just want to do the self-study method I'd recommend taking a look at the Black Box Software Testing courses:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/&lt;/a&gt; - free online materials&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/courses/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/courses/&lt;/a&gt; - AST's training information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several courses entitled Foundations, Bug Advocacy and Test Design. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taken through AST you are partnered with others taking the course where you can get deliberate practice in an effective and demanding manner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2012-07-17T18:26:12.453" LastActivityDate="2012-07-17T18:26:12.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3471" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-16T05:54:36.580" Score="1" ViewCount="327" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to record a thickbox using selenium IDE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://thickbox.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;thickbox&lt;/a&gt; which I am trying to record is developed using jQuery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2754" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-13T20:47:31.990" LastActivityDate="2013-04-13T07:48:43.763" Title="How to record a thickbox using Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3472" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3476" CreationDate="2012-07-16T11:45:48.750" Score="3" ViewCount="1507" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking at setting up my Selenium tests in a QA environment which will run with a Teamcity build each time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to be the best resource I've come across so far where someone has gone through most of their own process but I can see just by looking around that there are a whole heap of different possible methods. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.yetanotherchris.me/home/2012/3/6/using-team-city-for-staging-and-test-builds-with-aspnet-and.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.yetanotherchris.me/home/2012/3/6/using-team-city-for-staging-and-test-builds-with-aspnet-and.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have Selenium RC tests written which I'm able to run locally in Nunit with no dramas so I'd like to take this approach however if we have QA server with Nunit installed which is triggered by TeamCity, are there any issues with Browsers opening and things like that I need to consider if I'm not actually logged in to my QA server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested to hear from anyone who has done a similar thing as I'm just in the early stages of trying to set this all up and it would be great to avoid making mistakes others may have already made and overcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2771" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T17:43:25.187" Title="Deploying Selenium RC tests with Teamcity" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3280" CreationDate="2012-07-16T12:10:56.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hit a similar issue within our test environment and set the following for my Local Intranet Zone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't prompt for client certificate selection, Enable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Websites in less privileged web content zone can navigate into this zone, Enable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also needed to make sure the Certificate was set in the Intermediate Certification Authorities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And within the Advanced Options in Internet Options I needed to set:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for server certificate revocation - off&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for publisher's certificate revocation - off&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Warn about certficate address mismatch - off&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Warn if changing between secure and not secure mode - off&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I doubt you need all of these, and at this point I could probably go back and make my browser a bit more secure on my test environment, but we spent a long time trying to get IE to work with our certificate and at the end of the day these were the settings that finally let me get in without blocking the automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do use the WebDriver for .Net but I'd imagine you could find a similar set of options that work for you on the browser.  I tried the third-party add-ons to ignore the certificates but they only worked for me on FireFox and not for IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T12:10:56.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3474" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-16T15:19:24.443" Score="2" ViewCount="1391" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did anyone succeed deploying Watir test cases to a continuous integration system such as Team City or Hudson?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find a way to have the test scripts executed and have the results generated in a report format? Any experiences using the Ruby plugin for Hudson plus the ci_reporter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2749" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T08:37:19.707" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T08:37:19.707" Title="Include Watir test cases in a Continuous Integration system" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;watir&gt;&lt;hudson&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3474" CreationDate="2012-07-16T17:03:01.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A quick Google shows plenty of people doing this, including &lt;a href=&quot;http://watirmelon.com/2010/11/04/running-watir-reliably-on-a-ci-machine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This page from WatirMelon&lt;/a&gt; ( if you dont know of this site could be worth your while reading it, lots of good stuff on it )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and an example of using ci_reporter is &lt;a href=&quot;http://pastebin.com/KueD466k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T17:03:01.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3472" CreationDate="2012-07-16T17:43:25.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a somewhat similar setup, however we decouple our non unit tests (Anything requiring an install to a server) from the typical unit tests which can run directly on the team city build server.  In my solution we created a windows service polling team city for new builds via the rest API and when we find a new build we add it to the queue to execute our automation against.  The executable we use to kick off the automation is executed on a remote machine so we can be running lots of tests simultaneously (we have many projects and branches with a lot of builds throughout the day).  On the remote client the first thing we do is install our build (for web sites or services) on a server machine, then execute nunit to run all of our automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some pros of this approach is that you have a little more control over the environment, you don't have to have iis and sql installed on the build servers and you don't have to hold up the builds for long periods of time because it's waiting on UI automation to complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some cons are that you don't get automation results as part of team city's built in reporting (including code coverage) so you will need an alternate way of reporting on the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps, if you have specific questions feel free to ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T17:43:25.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3471" CreationDate="2012-07-16T17:46:54.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A JQuery thickbox is simply some JavaScript that generates simple HTML elements and renders them in the browser.  Selenium IDE should have no problem recording any of those.  What specific challenges are you running into?  Are you getting specific exceptions or error messages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-04-13T07:48:43.763" LastActivityDate="2013-04-13T07:48:43.763" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3467" CreationDate="2012-07-16T17:48:34.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did notice this behavior, but only while debugging.  When I executed the tests normally I never saw the issue.  Have you tried that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T17:48:34.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3440" CreationDate="2012-07-16T17:50:31.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In selenium you can set a 'sticky wait' for the session:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.implicitly_wait(10)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark Smith.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2772" LastActivityDate="2012-07-16T17:50:31.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3481" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3482" CreationDate="2012-07-16T22:58:47.637" Score="13" ViewCount="101517" Body="&lt;p&gt;The goal of my test is to assert that a popup does not appear after certain actions.&#xA;Previously to test if the popup exist, i have used exception handling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try:&#xA;&#xA;    self.driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;fancybox-close&quot;).click()&#xA;&#xA;except Exception ('ElementNotVisibleException'):&#xA;&#xA;    print &quot;No popup&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works fine for the test : to assert if popup exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as soon as i change the goal to : assert if popup does not exist&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the exception handling solution becomes very expensive (exception handling takes a lot of time in python) and a test that would execute in 3 secs now takes up to a minute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way around this? A quicker way to check if an element does not exist using webdriver python binding ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastActivityDate="2021-03-12T05:30:48.610" Title="Quicker way to assert that an element does not exist" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3481" CreationDate="2012-07-17T11:54:35.590" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used the Python bindings, but as far as I know they should be equivalent to the Java ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you I would try to find the Python equivalents of &lt;code&gt;findElements()&lt;/code&gt; and  &lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; that are available in the Java bindings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I would do something similar to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// ...&#xA;myElementList = driver.findElements(By.Id(&quot;fancybox-close&quot;))&#xA;if (myElementList.isEmpty()) {&#xA;    // The element doesn't exist. findElements, in plural, returns a list of the matching elements, or an empty list if no one is found&#xA;else {&#xA;    // We know it exists, now we need to know if it's displayed (visible) or not&#xA;    if (myElementList[0].isDisplayed()) {&#xA;        // This means the element is visible&#xA;    else {&#xA;        // ...&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2775" LastEditorUserId="2775" LastEditDate="2012-07-17T20:54:33.417" LastActivityDate="2012-07-17T20:54:33.417" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3483" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-17T14:16:09.230" Score="2" ViewCount="8287" Body="&lt;p&gt;Followed this post - &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1414934/selenium-could-not-start-selenium-session-failed-to-start-new-browser-session&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1414934/selenium-could-not-start-selenium-session-failed-to-start-new-browser-session&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error comes up at &lt;code&gt;selenium.start()&lt;/code&gt;. I am using Selenium RC (2.16), junit(4.5) in Eclipse IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way to overcome this issue is to redeploy our framework in Tomcat server, just restart everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the piece of code that starts Selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private static HttpCommandProcessor proc;&#xA;    public static DefaultSelenium selenium;&#xA;&#xA;    if (selenium == null) {&#xA;&#xA;        proc = new HttpCommandProcessor(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, browserName,&#xA;                urlName);&#xA;        selenium = new DefaultSelenium(proc);&#xA;        **selenium.start();**&#xA;        selenium.setTimeout(String.valueOf(PAGE_TIMEOUT_TIME));&#xA;        selenium.useXpathLibrary(&quot;javascript-xpath&quot;);&#xA;        selenium.deleteAllVisibleCookies();             &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Selenium Server is already started when the execution reaches the above code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the exception that comes up when execute the tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not start Selenium session: Failed to start new browser session: Error while launching browser&#xA;      at com.thoughtworks.selenium.DefaultSelenium.start(DefaultSelenium.java:107)&#xA;      at &amp;lt;package&amp;gt;.SuperClass.connectToUrl(SuperClass.java:340)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help or clue to resolve this thing would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1351" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2013-06-09T17:27:53.300" Title="Runtime exception at selenium.start() - Could not start Selenium session: Failed to start new browser session: Error while launching browser" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3474" CreationDate="2012-07-18T09:53:51.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running Watir scripts from Jenkins CI on a couple of projects. I do plan to write about it at my blog soon. If you have specific questions, please ask. I have recently recorded a screencast about the entire test automation solution I have developed for a client: &lt;a href=&quot;http://filipin.eu/test-automation-at-homeswap-com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test automation at HomeSwap.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="552" LastActivityDate="2012-07-18T09:53:51.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3446" CreationDate="2012-07-18T10:25:20.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, the error message says that &lt;code&gt;span(:class, &quot;CLASS3&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; returns &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the code works in IRB but not when you run the script, it is usually timing problem. Maybe the element is not at the page when you try to access it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, &lt;code&gt;div(:id, ID2)&lt;/code&gt; should be &lt;code&gt;div(:id, &quot;ID2&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; (please notice the quotes), otherwise it should raise &lt;code&gt;NameError: uninitialized constant ID2&lt;/code&gt; (assuming that you did not define constant &lt;code&gt;ID2&lt;/code&gt; any you want to access &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;ID2&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="552" LastActivityDate="2012-07-18T10:25:20.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3493" CreationDate="2012-07-18T11:20:11.503" Score="2" ViewCount="382" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The script below demonstrates how to work with encrypted data storage.&#xA;  Encrypted information is stored in the SecureStringStorage.dat file&#xA;  that is located in the project suite folder. The algoritm of encoding&#xA;  and decoding is implemented in the SecureStringStorage script&#xA;  extension that you can download below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/9030/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/9030/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this extension exist for TestComplete 9? Or is there any similar extension? I want to crypt the password in my .ini-file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T08:26:08.707" Title="Work with encrypted data storage in TestComplete 9" Tags="&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3488" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3498" CreationDate="2012-07-18T13:22:24.810" Score="2" ViewCount="9945" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using HP Application Lifecycle Management v11 to track testing, defects, etc. Within this web app they have analysis features that let you create graphs/reports for defects/tests/test instances. Does anyone know if you are able to create analysis reports for the steps within a test? For example, I want to be able to see how many steps for a test have been executed, passed, failed, etc. This could be for one test or done for a range of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2782" LastEditorUserId="2790" LastEditDate="2012-07-19T13:46:44.663" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T13:57:24.853" Title="Analysis of test steps in HP ALM" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3489" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-18T22:55:58.957" Score="1" ViewCount="1927" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a non-IT student, but I want to enter into the IT world. Which courses do I have to study to get job in testing? What is the difference between QA tester and ISTQB tester? Which is the best ones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2784" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T05:27:51.943" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T05:27:51.943" Title="Courses for non-IT people to study testing?" Tags="&lt;training&gt;&lt;certification&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3489" CreationDate="2012-07-18T23:28:52.570" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Rosa.  I am not sure your question makes sense; QA is an abbreviation for &quot;Quality Assurance&quot;, and often is used as a synonym for testing.  ISTQB is a type of certification for testers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1055/do-istqb-iseb-testing-certificates-prove-someone-can-test&quot;&gt;Do ISTQB/ISEB Testing Certificates prove that someone can test?&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lock&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caps_lock&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-07-18T23:28:52.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3491" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-19T04:18:31.283" Score="2" ViewCount="2149" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had opportunity to work in around 3 different projects, where selenium have been used extensively. Among them 2 were based on Data driven (say test cases driven by testng XML for each scenario with different data) frame work and one keyword driven. And I find that the Keyword driven framework is more successful based on how much extensively it was used and the coverage it had in the project. It was mainly because of the 'easy of use' it provided to the manual testers who also practiced writing test cases with the key word driven functionality of the framework, and required only one  or two automation testers who had enough coding knowledge to implement new functionalists to the framework when a new addition to AUT came. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your experience please explain which would be a better type of framework based on test coverage it can provide to an application, re usability, ease of use and maintainability? (I believe these are the factors that brings in good ROI for an automation project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="125" LastEditDate="2012-07-20T07:38:20.517" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T04:33:44.460" Title="Choosing framework type for selenium RC/Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3492" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3501" CreationDate="2012-07-19T07:09:57.157" Score="3" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm getting ready to release the next version of our software. In the past when the release is ready to go I will send around an email saying &quot;release xxx is done&quot; and include a basic set of release notes as well as where to find the software. The company (we're small) knows nothing about what happened during testing or what shape the software is in, any outstanding bugs, risks, other than it's passed &quot;the chris bar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is a &quot;Final Release Report&quot; a good way to communicate this information? Equally important, is this a good way to say I've signed off on the release but with these caveats? Will this transparency be beneficial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know exactly what a final release report would look like. Maybe a Google Doc or an email. It will probably describe my testing work, the results and might include a list of open bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- Chris&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2012-07-19T07:17:44.870" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T20:26:31.623" Title="Is a Final Release Report a good way to communicate results?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3487" CreationDate="2012-07-19T08:26:08.707" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just checked the script extension and the JScript example in TestComplete 9.0 - they work correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The script extensions format for TestComplete 9 is exactly the same as that of TestComplete 8, so things were expected to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For data encrypting, the script extension's code uses the .NET Framework functions, which means that the code is expected to work in any version of TestComplete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, everything indicates that the results of my testing are quite expected - you can use the script extension in TestComplete 9. Good Luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2786" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T08:26:08.707" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3494" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3497" CreationDate="2012-07-19T10:39:01.687" Score="1" ViewCount="4180" Body="&lt;p&gt;Enviornment: Maz OSX&#xA;browser : safari&#xA;wedriver: 2.24.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Created safari extension and safari developer certificate from apple developer site.&#xA;tried adding the certificate in safari keychain login .&#xA;As I open safari extension builder and try adding the extension, it shows &quot;No Safari developer certificate&quot;.&#xA;In keychain it shows valid certificate, but its not getting reflected in safari.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone came across this ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="125" LastEditDate="2012-07-20T07:23:38.003" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T11:06:08.153" Title="Unable to add Safari developer certificate in safari" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3495" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-19T10:47:32.173" Score="2" ViewCount="1758" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to find the count of fields or lables in a particular screen using selenium IDE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2754" LastEditorDisplayName="user2355" LastEditDate="2012-07-19T12:31:28.580" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T16:13:18.150" Title="How to know the count of lables or fields in a particular screen using Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3492" CreationDate="2012-07-19T10:49:12.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As is often the case with small companies, it sounds like you're in charge of two distinct roles here:  Testing and Build management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to produce a report with the release, it would be better to go beyond outstanding bugs, and also report on new features that have been added, bugs that have fixed and so on.  If you use project tracking/source control software you can usually generate these things automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Really these things should be done before the software is released and agreed with the end user or a representative (i.e. the PM).  It's them who have to use the software after all.  The Chris bar should be the user bar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2301" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T10:49:12.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3494" CreationDate="2012-07-19T12:10:51.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Got resolution ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had to add the safari developer certificate in &quot;keychain access&quot; &gt;&gt;  System&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 go to Keychain access  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 select  System  instead of login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 select &quot; Certificates&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 drag and drop the certificate inside &quot;Certificates&quot;. (It requires admin credentials, just ask ur system administrator )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 now right click on the certificate added in keychain and select get info&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 select the &quot;Trust&quot; option and make all options always trust &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And try to add the extension in safari extension builder, you will find the valid certificate &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T12:10:51.167" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-07-19T12:10:51.167" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3488" CreationDate="2012-07-19T13:57:24.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible to do this. Within the Analysis View, go to &quot;New Excel Report&quot;. Excel reports are the most flexible feature of the Analysis View, because they allow you to write SQL queries against the ALM database to extract any detail you want, at any level of summary. You can then use Microsoft Excel itself to generate charts (if you desire) or pivot tables or pivot charts to further analyze and view the data in different levels of aggregation. Or, you can use your spreadsheet as input to a dedicated reporting tool such as Crystal Reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know absolutely nothing about SQL, you might try to take some tutorials on it at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/sql/default.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3Schools&lt;/a&gt; -- once you're familiar with the basics, you can write queries against the QC/ALM database by learning the ALM database schema. Go to Help -&gt; &lt;code&gt;Documentation Library&lt;/code&gt; within ALM and click on &quot;HP ALM Project Database Reference&quot;. This will describe to you which tables are available in ALM (by default; note that the ALM Administrator can add their own tables and customizations) which you can query as you desire. The documentation is reasonably good at describing the meaning of each column of each table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as actual test steps, they are no different than any other object in ALM. The &lt;code&gt;STEP&lt;/code&gt; table is the standard table that stores the list of test steps. In order to be sure that you are selecting the desired test steps for the tests you're interested in, you will need to perform a &quot;join&quot;, or add a &quot;where&quot; clause to your SQL statement, in order to ensure that the column &lt;code&gt;ST_TEST_ID&lt;/code&gt; matches the value of the &lt;code&gt;TS_TEST_ID&lt;/code&gt; column in the &lt;code&gt;TEST&lt;/code&gt; table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the little yellow key next to the &quot;ID&quot; columns (such as &lt;code&gt;ST_TEST_ID&lt;/code&gt;) in the documentation? Those are either &lt;strong&gt;primary or foreign keys&lt;/strong&gt;. Now that you've taken the W3schools SQL tutorial, you know fully well what a primary key is, and you should now understand how to pull data from one table where the primary or foreign key is matching in another table. This is the foundational knowledge you'll need to write good SQL queries for ALM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you also happen to know (or are willing to learn) Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), you can do even more with ALM Excel Reports: the reports will automatically run a VBA macro for you when the report is generated, to automatically format, clean up, or arbitrarily process the data the report produces. This is to help you automatically prepare a report for management or your peers, even if your SQL query by itself can't produce a spreadsheet that's ready-to-go without modification. For example, you can generate Pivot Tables or Pivot Charts from VBA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T13:57:24.853" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3499" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3505" CreationDate="2012-07-19T15:24:12.680" Score="10" ViewCount="34242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a QA person, just a front end developer. I'm using the Selenium IDE plugin for the Firefox browser to make some simple tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The site I'm making the tests for uses ajax to bring in new content via infinite scroll. So each time the user scrolls to the bottom of the page new content is loaded. How can I get Selenium IDE to scroll to the bottom of the page? What would the command look like for that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;keyPress&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;xpath=/html/body/&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;35 is the key value for the &quot;end&quot; key on the keyboard. When a human presses that on this site it brings the user to the bottom of the page and triggers the infinite scroll. But when selenium does it, the test passes but the screen doesn't indicate that key has been pressed. The page doesn't go to the bottom and the ajax isn't triggered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway ideas how to achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2791" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T06:48:57.870" Title="How to scroll to bottom of page in Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3492" CreationDate="2012-07-19T19:38:55.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Particularly in a small company, go to the readers of the report to find out what they need for it to contain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, people don't want to hear about your testing work, just the results. Those results might include any open, but deferred, bugs. It might include release notes. It might include features added. Etc, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do others know the definition of &quot;The Chris bar&quot; and what it means to pass or fail? If not, that might be a good thing to include as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T19:38:55.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3502" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-19T20:54:16.503" Score="5" ViewCount="2386" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a class with dependent methods using the TestNG annotation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;dependsOnMethods&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test runs fine 100% of the time if I simply run it as a TestNG Test from the package.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I include the test in a TestNG Suite, the methods run out of order. Yes, I am using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test&quot; preserve-order=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in my .xml file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every other test in the suite respects the method ordering and run without issue. Is there any known information on why this might be occurring?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(groups={ &quot;Administration&quot;})&#xA;public class RoleCrudTest extends AbstractIntegrationTest&#xA;{&#xA;protected static SeleniumActionHelper action;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void inactiveRole() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        SeleniumHelper helper = new SeleniumHelper();&#xA;        action = new SeleniumActionHelper(driver);&#xA;&#xA;        helper.login();&#xA;&#xA;        String roleUrl = navigateToUrl(&quot;role/roles.xhtml&quot;);&#xA;        driver.get(roleUrl);&#xA;&#xA;        assertEquals(&quot;Role:&quot;, findElementBySelector(&quot;span.portletButtonHeader&quot;).getText());&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement roleName = findElementById(&quot;roleName&quot;);&#xA;        assertFalse(roleName.isEnabled());&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement deptId = findElementById(&quot;deptid&quot;);&#xA;        assertFalse(deptId.isEnabled());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dependsOnMethods = &quot;inactiveRole&quot;)&#xA;    public void createRole() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement addButton = findElementById(&quot;add&quot;);&#xA;        addButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;        waitUntilAjaxRequestCompletes();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement roleName = findElementById(&quot;roleName&quot;);&#xA;        roleName.click();&#xA;        roleName.sendKeys(&quot;AAAAAAAA&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement deptId = findElementByXpath(&quot;(//button[@type='button'])[3]&quot;);&#xA;        deptId.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement dept = findElementByXpath(&quot;//div[@id='department_panel']/ul/li[2]&quot;);&#xA;        dept.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement checkbox = findElementByXpath(&quot;//li[@id='privileges:1']/div/span/div/div&quot;);&#xA;        checkbox.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement save = findElementById(&quot;save&quot;);&#xA;        save.click();&#xA;&#xA;        assertEquals(&quot;Role saved successfully&quot;, findElementBySelector(&quot;div.ui-growl-message &amp;gt; p&quot;).getText());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dependsOnMethods = &quot;createRole&quot;)&#xA;    public void editUndo() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement tableSort = findElementByXpath(&quot;//th[@id='tableSection:rolesListWrapped:j_idt85']/div/span[2]&quot;);&#xA;        tableSort.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement createdRole = findElementByXpath(&quot;//tbody[@id='tableSection:rolesListWrapped_data']/tr[1]/td/div&quot;);&#xA;        createdRole.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement roleName = findElementById(&quot;roleName&quot;);&#xA;        roleName.click();&#xA;        roleName.clear();&#xA;        roleName.sendKeys(&quot;edited&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement deptId = findElementByXpath(&quot;(//button[@type='button'])[3]&quot;);&#xA;        deptId.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement dept = findElementByXpath(&quot;//div[@id='department_panel']/ul/li[3]&quot;);&#xA;        dept.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement checkbox = findElementByXpath(&quot;//li[@id='privileges:1']/div/span/div/div/span&quot;);&#xA;        checkbox.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement checkbox2 = findElementByXpath(&quot;//li[@id='privileges:0']/div/span/div/div&quot;);&#xA;        checkbox2.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement undo = findElementById(&quot;cancel&quot;);&#xA;        undo.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String text = findElementById(&quot;roleName&quot;).getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;        String oldtext = &quot;AAAAAAAA&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        assertTrue(text.equals(oldtext));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dependsOnMethods = &quot;editUndo&quot;)&#xA;    public void editRole() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement createdRole = findElementByXpath(&quot;//tbody[@id='tableSection:rolesListWrapped_data']/tr[1]/td/div&quot;);&#xA;        createdRole.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement roleName = findElementById(&quot;roleName&quot;);&#xA;        roleName.click();&#xA;        roleName.clear();&#xA;        roleName.sendKeys(&quot;AAAAAAAAedited&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement deptId = findElementByXpath(&quot;(//button[@type='button'])[3]&quot;);&#xA;        deptId.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement dept = findElementByXpath(&quot;//div[@id='department_panel']/ul/li[3]&quot;);&#xA;        dept.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement checkbox = findElementByXpath(&quot;//li[@id='privileges:1']/div/span/div/div/span&quot;);&#xA;        checkbox.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement checkbox2 = findElementByXpath(&quot;//li[@id='privileges:0']/div/span/div/div&quot;);&#xA;        checkbox2.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement save = findElementById(&quot;save&quot;);&#xA;        save.click();&#xA;&#xA;        assertEquals(&quot;Role saved successfully&quot;, findElementBySelector(&quot;div.ui-growl-message &amp;gt; p&quot;).getText());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dependsOnMethods = &quot;editRole&quot;)&#xA;    public void deleteRole() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement deleteButton = findElementById(&quot;tableSection:delete&quot;);&#xA;        deleteButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement deleteConfirm = findElementById(&quot;confirmDelete:yes&quot;);&#xA;        deleteConfirm.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;&#xA;        assertEquals(&quot;Role deleted successfully&quot;, findElementBySelector(&quot;div.ui-growl-message &amp;gt; p&quot;).getText());&#xA;&#xA;        waitUntilAjaxRequestCompletes();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is the entire TestNG XML file (please note that this is a simple one with only 3 classes, the behavior is the same if I run an XML with 20 classes).  No matter the amount of classes or ordering, the roleCrud test always runs the methods out of order, every other class runs fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot; parallel=&quot;none&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test&quot; preserve-order=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.x.c4i.view.security.RoleCreateErrorCheckTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.x.c4i.view.security.GroupCrudTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.x.c4i.view.security.RoleCrudTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Suite --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="2681" LastEditDate="2012-07-23T20:03:41.387" LastActivityDate="2020-10-14T12:50:43.060" Title="Dependent methods in the same class run out of order only when included in a “testng suite”; running class independently respects the dependency" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2928" CreationDate="2012-07-19T22:09:47.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Actions API has worked fine for me in Firefox . However, mouseover doesn't quiet work in other browsers including IE.&#xA;This is a known issue.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=2067&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=2067&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use java and have done hovers succesfully in Firefox using the code that's similar to Frank's. In addition to Frank's code, I disable the native events and maximize my window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; FirefoxProfile p = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA; p.setEnableNativeEvents(false);&#xA; WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(p);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2783" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T22:09:47.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3467" CreationDate="2012-07-19T22:15:07.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I edit the firefox profile to disable native events. Also maximize window and it works fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile p = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;p.setEnableNativeEvents(false);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(p);    &#xA;driver.get(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2783" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T22:15:07.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3499" CreationDate="2012-07-19T22:48:27.510" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium automatically calls the javascript scrollIntoView function on any element you try to interact with.  If you know an element exists at the bottom of the page then doing anything with that element (including getting an attribute or hovering over it, etc) will cause the page to scroll.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you are probably on the right track with trying to scroll down with either End or Page Down key, however I'm most familiar with Selenium2/Webdriver so I can't speak to the correctness of your approach above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-07-19T22:48:27.510" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3499" CreationDate="2012-07-20T03:45:48.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure whether you could do that in IDE. But I do have a solution if you want to do that in WebDriver. There are two approaches to do so and you might like the one where you can execute some javascript . The first option is to use Keys class to simulate any keypress event in WebDriver.&#xA;Regarding the other one, you can execute javascript (scrollTo) by casting the WebDriver instance to JavascriptExecutor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class ScrollPage {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.nytimes.com/&quot;);&#xA;     ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;scrollTo(0,3000)&quot;);&#xA;        //  driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;shell&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.END);&#xA;       Thread.sleep(5000L);&#xA;      ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;scrollTo(0,3000)&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2783" LastActivityDate="2012-07-20T03:45:48.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3495" CreationDate="2012-07-20T06:13:15.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;jQuery('span').size()&lt;/code&gt; will give you the number of span elements in the page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="644" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-17T16:13:18.150" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T16:13:18.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3495" CreationDate="2012-07-20T07:01:55.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reference from Selenium IDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeXpathCount&lt;/code&gt;: Returns the number of nodes that match the specified xpath, eg. &quot;//table&quot; would give the number of tables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeCssCount&lt;/code&gt;: Returns the number of nodes that match the specified selector, eg. &quot;css=table&quot; would give the number of tables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-17T16:12:56.560" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T16:12:56.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3509" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-20T09:05:47.663" Score="1" ViewCount="246" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not anywhere close to being an expert on professional QA and testing but I do work with it as part of managing a IT system at work. To be honest, we are not very mature when it comes to using an actual framework or methodology and our tool support is quite lacking too. This has been painfully obvious in course of us upgrading to the newest version of the IT system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid tool support has more or less been decided. Oracle Primavera has been used so for managing projects - and from my perspective - issues. Quality Center has been used so far functional testing of the new version of the IT system. Service Manager has been chosen as the new ticket system for support of the IT system. I'll be working in that landscape in the future, not really sure what tool will be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm looking for is more in terms of a framework or methodology. We have in-house developments and vendor-developed enhancements that needs tracking and QA. We do automated testing, regression testing of our databases before releases and functional/user acceptance testing. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2792" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:52:14.210" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:52:14.210" Title="Framework and tools for managing testing and monthly releases?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1928" CreationDate="2012-07-20T10:13:23.633" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay I just got it working under IE9 using C# and the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new InternetExploreDriver();&#xA;driver.Url(&quot;Site&quot;);&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now it will go to the real page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2797" LastActivityDate="2012-07-20T10:13:23.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3169" CreationDate="2012-07-20T10:42:42.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The trick to handle any dialogs is to use external tools like AutoIT to deal with the Upload dialog, download Dialog, and NTLM Authentication dialogs. Please note that this solution is intended only for users executing the scripts in Windows environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using AutoIT you can write a simple script to get hold of the Save Dialog, this script can be then converted into an executable program with command line arguments to invoke it anytime from the program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following below steps should solve your issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download autoIT tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save the below-mentioned script to a &lt;code&gt;save_dialog.au3&lt;/code&gt; file in the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open &quot;&lt;code&gt;Compile Script to .exe&lt;/code&gt;&quot; program from AutoIT setup Directory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mention the path to &lt;code&gt;save_dialog.au3&lt;/code&gt; and mention the path and name where you want to save .exe file. (lets say &lt;code&gt;c:\save_ie_file.exe&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you are using Java to write your automation code, use below lines of your code just before you click &quot;download link&quot; or expect a download dialog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;  String[] dialog =  new String[]{ &quot;C:\\save_ie_file.exe&quot;,&quot;Save to...&quot;,&quot;Save&quot;, &quot;C:\\selenium_downloads\\&quot; }; // path to exe, dialog title, save/cancel/run, path to save file.&#xA;  Process pp1 = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(dialog); // run the executable to wait for download link and process&#xA;  selenium.click(&quot;id=download_link&quot;); // code to click on download link&#xA;  pp1.destroy(); // kill the process looking to download&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;save_dialog.au3 code blatantly Copied from &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp-help.blogspot.in/2009/07/selenium-handle-dialogs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; DISCLAIMER...  I am not the author of that blog pointed in this answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &#xA;    AutoItSetOption(&quot;WinTitleMatchMode&quot;,&quot;2&quot;) ; set the select mode to select using substring&#xA;&#xA;    if $CmdLine[0] &amp;lt; 2 then&#xA;    ; Arguments are not enough&#xA;    msgbox(0,&quot;Error&quot;,&quot;Supply all the arguments, Dialog title,Run/Save/Cancel and Path to save(optional)&quot;)&#xA;    Exit&#xA;    EndIf&#xA;&#xA;    ; wait Until dialog box appears&#xA;    WinWait($CmdLine[1]) ; match the window with substring&#xA;    $title = WinGetTitle($CmdLine[1]) ; retrives whole window title&#xA;    WinActivate($title)&#xA;&#xA;    If (StringCompare($CmdLine[2],&quot;Run&quot;,0) = 0) Then&#xA;    WinActivate($title)&#xA;    ControlClick($title,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Button1&quot;)&#xA;    EndIf&#xA;&#xA;    If (StringCompare($CmdLine[2],&quot;Save&quot;,0) = 0) Then&#xA;&#xA;    WinWaitActive($title)&#xA;    ControlClick($title,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Button2&quot;)&#xA;    ; Wait for the new dialogbox to open&#xA;    Sleep(2)&#xA;    WinWait(&quot;Save&quot;)&#xA;    $title = WinGetTitle(&quot;Save&quot;)&#xA;    ;$title = WinGetTitle(&quot;[active]&quot;)&#xA;    if($CmdLine[0] = 2) Then&#xA;    ;click on the save button&#xA;    WinWaitActive($title)&#xA;    ControlClick($title,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Button2&quot;)&#xA;    Else&#xA;    ;Set path and save file&#xA;    WinWaitActive($title)&#xA;    ControlSetText($title,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Edit1&quot;,$CmdLine[3])&#xA;    ControlClick($title,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Button2&quot;)&#xA;    EndIf&#xA;&#xA;    EndIf&#xA;&#xA;    If (StringCompare($CmdLine[2],&quot;Cancel&quot;,0) = 0) Then&#xA;    WinWaitActive($title)&#xA;    ControlClick($title,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Button3&quot;)&#xA;    EndIf&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2796" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T08:46:08.290" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T08:46:08.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-20T12:55:56.547" Score="4" ViewCount="25176" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have my WebDriver tests running parallel in IE, Chrome and firefox. When I run test in IE browser it node gets registered with the hub, and the browser opens and it gets redirected to some random localhost and it gives the message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is the initial start page for the WebDriver server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm running my script on Secured Browser, I tried with all the way's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_ENSURE_CLEAN_SESSION, true);&#xA;setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);&#xA;setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IGNORE_ZOOM_SETTING, true);&#xA;setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.NATIVE_EVENTS, false);&#xA;setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INITIAL_BROWSER_URL, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still I am getting this is in the initial start page of browser error it was not Executing or Failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;All zoom setting in IE was 100%&#xA;protected mode was on.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please help me what could be the problem and possible work around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;platform:Windows XP, IE8 browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same is running well in Firefox and Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-07-19T11:41:06.647" LastActivityDate="2018-07-19T11:41:06.647" Title="IE always opens with random local host and message: &quot;This is the initial start page for the WebDriver server&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;ie8&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3514" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-20T18:11:21.500" Score="6" ViewCount="5881" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to create a batch of automated tests in SQL on MS-SQL server, these will include tests like - insert some records, call stored procedure, check certain conditions in various tables.  There will be other tests which will just be complicated queries - ie. many look like unit tests but will include deep knowledge of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be helpful if these tests could be run on a customer site as well as in the office with minimal interference and maximum portability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking of just going down the route of a stored procedure for each test and writing out detailed text as the results for each FAIL, and just a &quot;Test number 99 - PASS&quot; otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would a more formal / commercial test harness be helpful?  Thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1388" LastActivityDate="2012-07-24T16:22:00.610" Title="MS-SQL server sql test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3515" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3531" CreationDate="2012-07-20T20:37:27.860" Score="4" ViewCount="2222" Body="&lt;p&gt;Starting to look into writing my own reports by extracting ALM data into excel. After looking through the HP documentation on the ALM Database I can't find any table that shows where they are storing data on the defects that are being logged. Does anyone know where this data is being stored?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: I have found what they call the &quot;bug&quot; table and its attributes seem to follow what is tracked for defects. Can anyone confirm that the bug table is essentially the defect table?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2782" LastEditorUserId="2782" LastEditDate="2012-07-20T20:47:07.850" LastActivityDate="2012-07-24T12:05:06.843" Title="Where are defects stored in the HP ALM Database?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3358" CreationDate="2012-07-21T05:19:28.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's working now.&#xA;I had  problem with Selenium standalone server jars.&#xA;I just created new Safari extension with latest code and used Selenium standalone server 2.24. Now it is working fine, I believe it was  some version issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-07T06:09:49.447" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T06:09:49.447" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-07-21T05:19:28.547" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3522" CreationDate="2012-07-21T12:18:16.453" Score="4" ViewCount="770" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing an IMAP client library for a Uni project. I need comprehensive, in-depth testing for it. This is the focus even more than the e-mail functionality itself. What should I do? I am looking for a list of tools and actions for the setup and a process/procedures recommendation to prevent introduction of regression when the library will be rev-up'ed, please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1367" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T12:18:16.627" Title="Testing an IMAP client" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3318" CreationDate="2012-07-21T17:37:31.070" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want authoritative, you'll probably have to pay money. Accurate, current and authoritative information for things like this is hard to come by.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, you should not focus so much on testing it out with specific devices. The mobile segment is so fragmented that even if you manage to test it and get it working well with 50% of the devices, the other 50% are still uncharted territory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My recommendation would be to take a representative sample of the Android and iOS smartphones that are reasonably still in use. For Android that typically means starting with Android 2.1 devices such as the Droid 2 (or even the original Droid) and scaling up to current-gen ICS phones such as the Razr Maxx. Repeat for the different vendors. Repeat for different screen resolutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You basically want to &quot;modulate&quot; (vary) the following variables:&#xA;1. Operating system (both version and platform, so e.g. iOS and Android, then Android 2.1, 2.2, 4.0, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Screen size, from the smallest phones to the largest tablets.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Generation, from the latest reasonable generation still in use (depends largely on your customer base though) up through the stuff hitting the market in Q2 2012.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Network speed, if you're using network communications in your app... check out at least a 3G phone (e.g. EvDO) and a 4G phone (e.g. LTE).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a corollary to network speed, you might also want to modulate on carrier, but you'll end up doing that anyway if you modulate the other parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if it were me, my strategy would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1a: Motorola&#xA;1a(i): Old/small phone: Droid 1 or Droid 2&#xA;1a(ii): Typical phone: Droid X or Droid Bionic&#xA;1a(iii): High-end phone: Razr Maxx&#xA;1a(iv): Motorola Xoom tablet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1b: HTC&#xA;1b(i): Old/small phone: Incredible&#xA;1b(ii): Typical phone: Thunderbolt&#xA;1b(iii): High-end phone: Jewel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1c: Samsung/Google&#xA;1c(i): Sidekick 4G&#xA;1c(ii): Galaxy S&#xA;1c(iii): Galaxy S3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1d: Lenovo&#xA;1d(i): ThinkPad Tablet Slate or IdeaPad (Android, not PC)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1e. Asus&#xA;1e(i): Asus Transformer tablet&#xA;1e(ii): Google/Asus Nexus 7 tablet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1f. Amazon&#xA;1f(i): Kindle Fire tablet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;iOS / Apple: Just go through the various generations of iPhone, not many products to choose from...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Windows Phone&#xA;3a. HTC&#xA;3a(i): 7 Trophy&#xA;3a(ii): Radar&#xA;3a(iii): Titan II&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3b. Samsung&#xA;3b(i): Omnia 7&#xA;3b(ii): Focus S&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously if you aren't targeting some of these platforms you don't have to test them at all. It really depends on what your requirements are and what your budget is. But these phones should provide a fairly representative sample.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you will see much more variation in behavior and usability between devices on the same platform if you ship native apps. Web apps should perform relatively the same unless there have been major browser changes between versions of the platform. So all you'd really need to do for a web app is test it against the rendering engine of each platform at appropriate representative resolutions, and do as I mentioned with the network speed modulation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastActivityDate="2012-07-21T17:37:31.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3514" CreationDate="2012-07-22T18:44:37.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use an established free open source framework like tSQLt? See &lt;a href=&quot;http://tsqlt.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tSQLt.org&lt;/a&gt; for more details. Tests are implemented as stored procedures and the framework is included as part of the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2802" LastActivityDate="2012-07-22T18:44:37.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3169" CreationDate="2012-07-23T10:26:56.143" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ardesco.lazerycode.com/index.php/2012/07/how-to-download-files-with-selenium-and-why-you-shouldnt/&quot;&gt;Link to my blog where I discuss this in more detail.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inconsistencies here, are you using Selenium IDE or WebDriver with Java?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you are using WebDriver with Java and not Selenium IDE(as you state in your post) You can try using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/*&#xA; * Copyright (c) 2010-2012 Lazery Attack - http://www.lazeryattack.com&#xA; *&#xA; * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the &quot;License&quot;);&#xA; * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.&#xA; * You may obtain a copy of the License at&#xA; *&#xA; * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0&#xA; *&#xA; * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software&#xA; * distributed under the License is distributed on an &quot;AS IS&quot; BASIS,&#xA; * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.&#xA; * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and&#xA; * limitations under the License.&#xA; */&#xA;&#xA;package com.lazerycode.selenium.filedownloader;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.*;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.cookie.CookiePolicy;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;&#xA;import org.apache.log4j.Logger;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;import java.util.Set;&#xA;&#xA;public class FileDownloader {&#xA;&#xA;    private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(FileDownloader.class);&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private String localDownloadPath = System.getProperty(&quot;java.io.tmpdir&quot;);&#xA;    private boolean followRedirects = true;&#xA;    private int httpStatusOfLastDownloadAttempt;&#xA;&#xA;    public FileDownloader(WebDriver driverObject) {&#xA;        this.driver = driverObject;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Specify if the FileDownloader class should follow redirects when trying to download a file&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param value&#xA;     */&#xA;    public void followRedirectsWhenDownloading(boolean value) {&#xA;        this.followRedirects = value;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Get the current location that files will be downloaded to.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @return The filepath that the file will be downloaded to.&#xA;     */&#xA;    public String localDownloadPath() {&#xA;        return this.localDownloadPath;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Set the path that files will be downloaded to.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param filePath The filepath that the file will be downloaded to.&#xA;     */&#xA;    public void localDownloadPath(String filePath) {&#xA;        this.localDownloadPath = filePath;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Download the file specified in the href attribute of a WebElement&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param element&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     * @throws Exception&#xA;     */&#xA;    public String downloadFile(WebElement element) throws Exception {&#xA;        return downloader(element, &quot;href&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Download the image specified in the src attribute of a WebElement&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param element&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     * @throws Exception&#xA;     */&#xA;    public String downloadImage(WebElement element) throws Exception {&#xA;        return downloader(element, &quot;src&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Gets the HTTP status code of the last download file attempt&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     */&#xA;    public int httpStatusOfLastDownloadAttempt() {&#xA;        return this.httpStatusOfLastDownloadAttempt;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Load in all the cookies WebDriver currently knows about so that we can mimic the browser cookie state&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param seleniumCookieSet&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     */&#xA;    private HttpState mimicCookieState(Set&amp;lt;org.openqa.selenium.Cookie&amp;gt; seleniumCookieSet) {&#xA;        HttpState mimicWebDriverCookieState = new HttpState();&#xA;        for (org.openqa.selenium.Cookie seleniumCookie : seleniumCookieSet) {&#xA;            Cookie httpClientCookie = new Cookie(seleniumCookie.getDomain(), seleniumCookie.getName(), seleniumCookie.getValue(), seleniumCookie.getPath(), seleniumCookie.getExpiry(), seleniumCookie.isSecure());&#xA;            mimicWebDriverCookieState.addCookie(httpClientCookie);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        return mimicWebDriverCookieState;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Set the host configuration based upon the URL of the file/image that will be downloaded&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param hostURL&#xA;     * @param hostPort&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     */&#xA;    private HostConfiguration setHostDetails(String hostURL, int hostPort) {&#xA;        HostConfiguration hostConfig = new HostConfiguration();&#xA;        hostConfig.setHost(hostURL, hostPort);&#xA;&#xA;        return hostConfig;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Perform the file/image download.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param element&#xA;     * @param attribute&#xA;     * @return&#xA;     * @throws IOException&#xA;     * @throws NullPointerException&#xA;     */&#xA;    private String downloader(WebElement element, String attribute) throws IOException, NullPointerException {&#xA;        String fileToDownloadLocation = element.getAttribute(attribute);&#xA;        if (fileToDownloadLocation.trim().equals(&quot;&quot;)) throw new NullPointerException(&quot;The element you have specified does not link to anything!&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        URL fileToDownload = new URL(fileToDownloadLocation);&#xA;        File downloadedFile = new File(this.localDownloadPath + fileToDownload.getFile().replaceFirst(&quot;/|\\\\&quot;, &quot;&quot;));&#xA;        if (downloadedFile.canWrite() == false) downloadedFile.setWritable(true);&#xA;&#xA;        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();&#xA;        client.getParams().setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.RFC_2965);&#xA;        client.setHostConfiguration(setHostDetails(fileToDownload.getHost(), fileToDownload.getPort()));&#xA;        client.setState(mimicCookieState(this.driver.manage().getCookies()));&#xA;        HttpMethod getFileRequest = new GetMethod(fileToDownload.getPath());&#xA;        getFileRequest.setFollowRedirects(this.followRedirects);&#xA;        LOG.info(&quot;Follow redirects when downloading: &quot; + this.followRedirects);&#xA;&#xA;        LOG.info(&quot;Sending GET request for: &quot; + fileToDownload.toExternalForm());&#xA;        this.httpStatusOfLastDownloadAttempt = client.executeMethod(getFileRequest);&#xA;        LOG.info(&quot;HTTP GET request status: &quot; + this.httpStatusOfLastDownloadAttempt);&#xA;        LOG.info(&quot;Downloading file: &quot; + downloadedFile.getName());&#xA;        FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(getFileRequest.getResponseBodyAsStream(), downloadedFile);&#xA;        getFileRequest.releaseConnection();&#xA;&#xA;        String downloadedFileAbsolutePath = downloadedFile.getAbsolutePath();&#xA;        LOG.info(&quot;File downloaded to '&quot; + downloadedFileAbsolutePath + &quot;'&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        return downloadedFileAbsolutePath;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's quite easy to use, you just need to supply the WebElement of the Image/Hyperlink that you want to download, so instead of trying to perform a click on the WebElement you would instead pass it in to the FileDownloader Object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FileDownloader downloadTestFile = new FileDownloader(driver);&#xA;driver.get(http://www.mysite.com/downloadPage.html&quot;);&#xA;WebElement downloadLink = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;fileToDownload&quot;));&#xA;String downloadedFileAbsoluteLocation = downloadTestFile.downloadFile(downloadLink);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is all written in Java so it's cross browser/platform compliant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Ardesco/Powder-Monkey/blob/master/src/main/java/com/lazerycode/selenium/filedownloader/FileDownloader.java&quot;&gt;Code On Github&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2012-07-28T09:10:11.707" LastActivityDate="2012-07-28T09:10:11.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3462" CreationDate="2012-07-23T12:11:35.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I made use of the socket programing to send the apple script command to the system where the browser will open and once receive the command executing it there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2698" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T12:11:35.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3517" CreationDate="2012-07-23T12:18:16.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;can you please be precise if you are developing or looking for test suites in Java.&#xA;Also let us know if you are looking at the unit tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://commons.apache.org/email/download_email.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache Commons mail&lt;/a&gt; is one very good open source library to send and receive emails. I am sure they must have come up with loads of unit tests for that library. You can download the source code and try out the unit-tests they have for their IMAP, POP3 etc code and imitate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not have a readily available links for functional test suites / libraries of any open source tools. but if you are looking for unit tests in java, Apache commons mail should be what you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2796" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T12:18:16.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3523" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-23T12:36:17.993" Score="2" ViewCount="1112" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#factories&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;@Factory annotation&lt;/a&gt; from TestNG to create tests dynamically. It will read a property file that contains the list of test cases to be executed and return them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Factory&#xA;public  Object[] dp() throws IOException {&#xA;  FileInputStream fs=new FileInputStream(System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;)+&quot;/TestCaseNames.properties&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  Properties p=new Properties();&#xA;  p.load(fs);&#xA;&#xA;  Set&amp;lt;Object&amp;gt; myset=p.keySet();&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;myset &quot; + myset);&#xA;  Object[] str= new Object[myset.size()];&#xA;&#xA;  int cnt=0;&#xA;  for (Object t : myset) {&#xA;    str[cnt]=new Startup(p.getProperty((String) t));&#xA;    cnt=cnt+1;&#xA;  }&#xA;  return str;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the Test method is as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Parameters({ &quot;browser&quot;, &quot;url&quot;, &quot;app&quot;})&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void ExecuteTestCase(String bname, String uname, String appname) &#xA;  throws &#xA;     NumberFormatException, MongoException, BiffException, &#xA;     IOException, WriteException &#xA;{&#xA;   ...&#xA;   ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test cases are executing fine but after execution the report is generating as below where it is showing the Test method name as 'ExecuteTestCase' instead of the original test method name present in the property file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please update me with the resolution so that the TestNG report file contains the proper method name instead of 'ExecuteTestCase'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2698" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-01T09:55:10.603" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T09:55:10.603" Title="How to report test execution method when using @Factory in TestNG?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-09-12T15:30:03.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3318" CreationDate="2012-07-23T17:53:55.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most authoritative source of information will be your actual results. Once your product is live, you should also monitor actual usage and modify your test matrix accordingly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this doesn't help you right now, but afterwards you user base may or may not conform to the market data.  I see this affect in the product that I'm working, our user base is tilted towards (ugg) blackberry devices (though rapidly declining). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T17:53:55.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3514" CreationDate="2012-07-23T18:50:45.437" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another approach that might help with the portability is to run you SQL from an application test harness.  If you use the SQL inline with this you have the ability to take the exe to any installation and just run it.  To expand on using a testing framework there are several really good articles on Simple Talk about Unit testing sql code.  They are good reads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sept 07 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-tools/testing-times-ahead-extending-nunit/&quot;&gt;http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-tools/testing-times-ahead-extending-nunit/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;BR&gt;March 08 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-tools/testing-times-ahead-extending-nunit/&quot;&gt;http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-tools/testing-times-ahead-extending-nunit/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;BR&gt;Jan 2010 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simple-talk.com/sql/database-administration/close-those-loopholes-lessons-learned-from-unit-testing-t-sql/&quot;&gt;http://www.simple-talk.com/sql/database-administration/close-those-loopholes-lessons-learned-from-unit-testing-t-sql/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T18:50:45.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3492" CreationDate="2012-07-23T20:26:31.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, providing a report/email is a good way to show what was done, that it was done effectively, and communicate any risks that still remain.   A couple of tips based on learning the hard way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any negative information should be communicated verbally, and before the release report. This includes failures and significant risks.  The final, written report isn't the first time your stakeholders should see this info.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put the summary right up front, and all the support details lower in the report. This release passes the Chris bar, lets ship.  Then, give the test result summary, list of open bugs, etc.  Many stakeholders won't read past the headline, and they don't want to ready a novel (like this answer) to get the summary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alternatively, you could send two reports, one a simple &quot;this release passes the Chris test&quot; and a second, Release Retrospective that shares lessons learned. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T20:26:31.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3527" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3530" CreationDate="2012-07-23T21:55:20.150" Score="8" ViewCount="273" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work as a business analyst leading the charge on a medium sized internal software project.  It's my job to create the requirements, design the UI, write the functional specs, work with the developers on implementing it and also to an extent write the queries for some of the reports (or at least show the developers how certain reports need to be implemented).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I also have to take a lead testing role and write all the test cases and do most of the testing myself (there are others who step in to do some of the testing work, but the test cases have to come from me).  I find that much of the time this works fine; I catch a lot of bugs, they get fixed, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, sometimes I feel that because I am so close to the details (I am the only person who knows every single aspect of the application) it is hard for me to be truly objective in testing, which seems to be necessary.  There have been times we deployed to production and there were things that I just didn't think about testing, maybe because subconsciously I tend to test the &quot;happy path&quot; more often than not (also I am a power user of the legacy version of the software that we are replacing, so I have developed certain biases if that makes a difference).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it right to say that the business analyst should be separate from the person who writes the test cases, or do I just need to learn to do a more thorough job when creating test cases and figuring out all possible scenarios?  What doesn't help is that I tend to view myself more as a developer than a tester (not that I do any of the actual programming, but I do help the developers come up with solutions and often dive deeply into certain technical details).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One additional detail, if it makes any difference: I'm also essentially the project manager (although I don't officially hold the title of manager).  It's my responsibility to make sure new features are prioritized, work is coordinated amongst developers, and that we meet our release goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2747" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T06:56:52.130" LastActivityDate="2020-10-15T11:01:45.910" Title="Is it effective to have the tester of the software also be the business analyst?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3527" CreationDate="2012-07-23T22:43:46.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What training and experience do you gave in testing ? &#xA;From the description of your roles you question could be 'can someone who is really busy doing multiple tasks also do a good job of testing the app?'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-07-23T22:43:46.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3527" CreationDate="2012-07-24T02:53:35.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I were in your shoes, I would thing about adding another person to test, in addition to yourself.  It sounds like you are already doing a good job with accepting the story/feature, but have a little &quot;author blindness&quot; which leads to missing some minor issues.   Adding another set of eyes will benefit the quality, while not losing your expertise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2012-07-24T02:53:35.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3527" CreationDate="2012-07-24T06:36:10.717" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no problem being BA+QA, but it looks that you're also an Architect in your project.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I see a direct evil in combining Architect and QA roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have noticed for yourself every concern: the natural &lt;strong&gt;role&lt;/strong&gt; of an Architect is to stand up for the idea that &amp;quot;the program is working&amp;quot;. The natural role of QA is a direct opposite: to prove that &amp;quot;the program is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; working&amp;quot;. If the same physical person acts for two opposite roles, this may lead to compromises with yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are many people who can quickly &amp;quot;wear different shoes&amp;quot;, but it requires the experience and trust of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see several ways to mitigate this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can take some of &lt;em&gt;development&lt;/em&gt; on yourself and assign someone else to act QA.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may find another team in your company who suffers the same problem. You become a QA in &lt;strong&gt;their&lt;/strong&gt; team, and some of them become your QA. This would have an extra benefit of sharing knowledge among the teams.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-15T11:01:45.910" LastActivityDate="2020-10-15T11:01:45.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3515" CreationDate="2012-07-24T12:05:06.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yup, when I extracted data on reported bugs (or defects in QC/ALM), the BUG table is where I ran my queries on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to check, you can preview your query results when using the Query Builder, or just go right on ahead and generate the report. Then you can compare the content of the BUG table against what you're finding in the Defects module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1632" LastActivityDate="2012-07-24T12:05:06.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3514" CreationDate="2012-07-24T16:22:00.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio 2010 has some built in tools for unit testing SQL server.  This article is a good read: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/atverma/archive/2010/07/28/how-to-unit-test-sql-server-2008-database-using-visual-studio-2010.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/atverma/archive/2010/07/28/how-to-unit-test-sql-server-2008-database-using-visual-studio-2010.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that Red-Gate also has some good tools for testing SQL server, especially around comparing tables or results of queries from two different versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-07-24T16:22:00.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3533" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-25T07:55:17.297" Score="2" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently evaluating &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterprisetester.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enterprise Tester&lt;/a&gt; for managing tests (it is simlar to HP qulaity center) and have the following question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When creating tests (so called &quot;test scripts&quot;) it is possible to attach pictures to the tests. However when actually executing the tests I see no easy possibility to look at the pictures without actually leaving the test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question: is anybody using Enterprise Tester and knows how to solve this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2220" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T15:54:44.907" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T15:54:44.907" Title="Enterprise Tester: how to see attachments or pictures linked to test scripts when executing tests?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3489" CreationDate="2012-07-25T08:59:05.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can start from reading the 'Software Testing' book written by Ron Patton.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Then you can test something, that you use frequently (for example, an email client etc).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Then you can practice on the uTest.com and earn some money (definetly, you won't make a fortune, but you'll gain rich experience).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a nice start ))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2304" LastEditorUserId="2304" LastEditDate="2012-07-26T12:56:48.287" LastActivityDate="2012-07-26T12:56:48.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3489" CreationDate="2012-07-25T12:28:30.157" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you are currently a University student? Have you checked in with your advisors and/or the placement office at your school? I wonder what kind of advice schools are offering these days, and if they are capable of guiding you...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you considered transferring into an IT program? That's very often a good way of gaining a useful background that could lead to a testing career. A degree in CS or an IT-related program is one of the things that I look for in a resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-07-25T12:28:30.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2213" CreationDate="2012-07-25T16:45:33.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String baseURL =&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;;&#xA;driver.get(baseURL);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;baseURL should be &lt;code&gt;http://www.google.com/&lt;/code&gt; not &lt;code&gt;www.google.com&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2813" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T13:54:01.747" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T13:54:01.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25492" CreationDate="2012-07-25T18:14:52.370" Score="4" ViewCount="381" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of these days I need to setup Grid, but I don't have much time lately. My need is pretty simple: run concurrent find operations to load test our search service. I know there are things like BrowserMob (now known as Neustar, apparently), but it's difficult for me to ask for funds right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have free or very cheap, simple load testing alternatives they like that they can talk about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T23:17:46.603" Title="Load testing for free or cheap without having to setup Selenium Grid?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3537" CreationDate="2012-07-25T19:55:21.240" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apache JMeter is really cheap, and by really cheap, I mean free.  It should be able to handle the find operations you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The download link is:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-07-25T19:55:21.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3169" CreationDate="2012-07-25T20:10:23.843" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I generally use keyboard shortcuts with Robot class in Java in order to emulate what I would do manually. In IE 8, saving a file would be three steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1) Click link  or Press Enter key on the link.&#xA;2) type S. &#xA;3) Hit Enter.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I start with doing the same action manually for the first test case ie. save in a certain folder, cleanup the folder and click the checkbox for close this dialog once download finishes. &#xA;Next, I use the following code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement link = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;myxpath&quot;));&#xA;clickAndSaveFileIE(link);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public static void clickAndSaveFileIE(WebElement element) throws InterruptedException{&#xA;    try {&#xA;            Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;        //get the focus on the element..don't use click since it stalls the driver          &#xA;       element.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;       //simulate pressing enter            &#xA;      robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;     robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;     //wait for the modal dialog to open            &#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;   //press s key to save            &#xA;   robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_S);&#xA;   robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_S);&#xA;   Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;  //press enter to save the file with default name and in default location&#xA;    robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;    robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA; } catch (AWTException e) {&#xA;&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2783" LastActivityDate="2012-07-25T20:10:23.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3537" CreationDate="2012-07-25T21:58:32.240" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's the search service you want to load test and not the actual UI, there is the SOAP UI + LOAD UI combo. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.loadui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.loadui.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastActivityDate="2012-07-25T21:58:32.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3464" CreationDate="2012-07-25T22:34:26.010" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that your page (or part of it) is reloaded after performing &lt;code&gt;listName.click()&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reload there is also a table which seems to be same as that one from before reloading but it is not the same one. &#xA;You can count rows/columns in the table and use iterators in your loops. You will need to repeat &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement table = findElementById(&quot;tableSection:dataTableWrapped_data&quot;);&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allRows = table.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;after &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;listName.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2618" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-23T18:40:49.723" LastActivityDate="2012-11-23T18:40:49.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3021" CreationDate="2012-07-26T01:08:35.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a previous answer stated, it is possible to save the test output as XML (output.xml) but to put the results into a database, you would have to create a parser and table structure to handle all that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are just wanting to have the test results stored in a central place then I would recommend setting up Jenkins and running your Robot Framework tests from there. Loading the Robot Framework plugin adds some really nice reporting functionality: how the test results differed from the previous result, if tests were added or removed, how long a test has been failing; see the link below: &#xA;(see &quot;Detailed Build view&quot; screenshot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Robot+Framework+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Robot+Framework+Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2380" LastActivityDate="2012-07-26T01:08:35.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3455" CreationDate="2012-07-26T05:05:10.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you just want to grep for the fun of it, or do you have specific types of tasks you want to accomplish?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I end up using &lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc732459%28v=ws.10%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;findstr.exe&lt;/a&gt; (built-in) for everything. Occassionally, I miss not having a better tool, but it works for me, and I bet I use it at least a dozen times a day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-15T07:21:39.433" LastActivityDate="2013-01-15T07:21:39.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3546" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3892" CreationDate="2012-07-26T12:21:13.670" Score="8" ViewCount="455" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a newbie when it comes to Software Engineering and my question is not directly related to Quality Assurance or Testing.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to Requirement Engineering (RE), the requirements can be classified as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Requirements vs. System Requirements and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional Requirements vs. Non-Functional Requirements  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;System requirements are the translations of user requirements in a much more technical language. They are basically the things that a software must perform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional requirements are much the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So where do they differ? Or are they the same way of referring to the same thing depending on the perspective? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2817" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:44:46.197" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:30:53.203" Title="Software Requirements Engineering" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3547" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-07-26T12:31:54.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software Development Process is also called as Software Development Life Cycle and it refers to the various steps or stages involved in the development of the software.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The different stages/steps are:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Analysis&lt;/strong&gt;: This is the where the user states what the software is expected to do. Also during this stage feasibility report is produced which states the risks involved while developing the software.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Modeling&lt;/strong&gt;:  During this stage a logical model of the software to be developed is produced. The model depicts what a software is going to do, how it is going to do, what input it will take , what are the outputs generated , etc&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Implementation&lt;/strong&gt;: During this stage the actual coding of the software is done.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: During this stage the software is rigorously tested for any flaws. A predefined set of inputs are provided to see what outputs are produced. These outputs are then checked against the expected outputs. If any flaw is found, it is corrected.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Deployment&lt;/strong&gt;: During this stage , the software is actually handed out to the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2817" LastEditorUserId="2817" LastEditDate="2012-07-27T02:15:29.437" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T02:15:29.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3548" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-07-26T12:31:54.190" Score="0" Body="A software development process, also known as a software development life cycle (SDLC), is a structure imposed on the development of a software product" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2012-07-26T14:55:50.760" LastActivityDate="2012-07-26T14:55:50.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3546" CreationDate="2012-07-26T12:52:55.000" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, there is incorrect use of terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User's requirements in plain language should be called &lt;strong&gt;user's stories&lt;/strong&gt; or etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Requirements for the hardware are often called &lt;strong&gt;system requirements&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Functional requirements&lt;/strong&gt; cover what your Application need to do and in which way (i.e. its functions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Also, you can read about requirements from the wiki: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requirement&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requirement&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2304" LastEditorUserId="2681" LastEditDate="2012-07-26T14:02:29.220" LastActivityDate="2012-07-26T14:02:29.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3550" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-07-26T16:40:18.580" Score="2" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a Windows 7 amd4 box, I have an application that creates a TCP socket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My aim is to check whether this is a dual-stack socket.  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb513665%28v=vs.85%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dual-stack sockets&lt;/a&gt; are available in Windows since Vista.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when running NetBeans, I can see this socket in in &lt;code&gt;netstat&lt;/code&gt; and Process Explorer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TCP    [::1]:49851            [::]:0                 LISTENING&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this one behaves as TCPv6--even when it's listening, 127.0.0.1:49851 is closed.  But I'm not sure if I understood the feature right, so it might be invalid assumption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I obtain as much information as I can about sockets?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2459" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T11:23:22.337" Title="Obtaining information about a socket" Tags="&lt;windows&gt;&lt;sockets&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-02-23T19:20:49.313" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3562" CreationDate="2012-07-26T19:58:33.797" Score="17" ViewCount="29359" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using Selenium/Webdriver for functional testing in a grid setup.&#xA;We are in the process of transitioning to a Solr based search service.  I already have Solrmeter for load testing the Search engine core, load UI for load testing the Rest-ful service. We also would like to load test the entire end to end service chain, i.e &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;User interface -&gt; Restful service -&gt; Solr core.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My boss wants me to use Selenium/WebDriver for this end to end load testing so that it becomes integrated with our core testing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am  skeptical about it because WebDriver does not have supporting tools for load testing. The easiest way I can think of doing it in Selenium/WebDriver is to code timestamps in my scripts at the time when the query is sent and when the results are displayed on the webpage. Then write some reporting mechanism to gather and display reports. Also I imagine selenium would be slower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand members from the stackoverflow community have suggested using JMeter for the same which I assume is less of an hassle. Can somebody give me pros/cons of Selenium/WebDriver Vs JMeter for load testing in this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-11T07:20:45.570" LastActivityDate="2019-06-11T07:20:45.570" Title="Load Testing, Selenium Vs JMeter Vs other tools" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3552" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-07-27T01:56:36.653" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-07-27T01:56:36.653" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T01:56:36.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3553" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-07-27T01:56:36.653" Score="0" Body="Team is a group of people who work together to achieve the same goal." OwnerUserId="2817" LastEditorUserId="2817" LastEditDate="2012-07-27T02:16:15.910" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T02:16:15.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2693" CreationDate="2012-07-27T04:25:45.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;After working on DP and OR I find that its always better to go forward with a hybrid approach where we use a combination of both, DP and OR based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T04:25:45.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3537" CreationDate="2012-07-27T13:12:44.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have very simple tests to run, take a look at our free version - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webperformance.com/load-testing/free-load-tester-lite.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Load Tester LITE&lt;/a&gt;. It is currently limited to pretty simple tests, but is free if you supply the load-generating hardware and allows unlimited VUs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2826" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T13:12:44.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3345" CreationDate="2012-07-27T14:07:03.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intuit has their iOS automation framework available through open source, its called &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.intuit.com/sf/sfmain/do/viewProject/projects.ginsu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IMAT&lt;/a&gt;. I work there, this what we use for our iOS apps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T18:28:42.687" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:28:42.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3559" CreationDate="2012-07-27T16:12:15.813" Score="10" ViewCount="21450" Body="&lt;p&gt;What tools would you recommend to use for testing for XSS injections? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently, what I need is a tool that can find all the places in the HTTP request where inputs are possible (including data after URL hash), and then try to input all of the possible entries from some dictionary that represent XSS injections to see if application is protected against them. Of course, a human judgement may be required to figure out whether injection was successful or not (a screenshot of a page with an HTTP response rendered in a browser will be handy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T12:59:19.233" Title="What tools do you use to test for XSS injections?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3558" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3563" CreationDate="2012-07-27T16:44:08.510" Score="7" ViewCount="17837" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the interview, the employer asked me to write test cases or test scenarios to check the Palindrome of the word.&#xA;I said one with positive test case and another with negative test cases. But employer was looking for more scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone think about more scenarios or test case???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2827" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2012-07-31T23:09:11.530" LastActivityDate="2012-07-31T23:09:11.530" Title="What are the test cases or test scenarios for palindrome" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3557" CreationDate="2012-07-27T16:51:38.090" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used a couple of solutions for this in the past.  Both &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acunetix.com/&quot;&gt;Acunetix&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-01.ibm.com/software/awdtools/appscan/&quot;&gt;IBM Rational AppScan&lt;/a&gt; will test for Reflected, Stored, and DOM based Cross Site Scripting.  Both applications will provide you all relevant information including request, response, potential impact, etc.  AppScan will actually provide a screen shot from what I can remember.  Both will also let you manually re-execute the request manually to see it for yourself or modify it slightly.  I've used Acunetix extensively, and still happy with it for most applications.  It's also the most affordable out of the above 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have any experience with it, but I think that &lt;a href=&quot;http://portswigger.net/burp/&quot;&gt;Burp Suite&lt;/a&gt; may also do what you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot;&gt;Zed Attack Proxy&lt;/a&gt; would also work, and it's free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T16:51:38.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3560" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-07-27T19:49:08.943" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-07-27T19:49:08.943" LastActivityDate="2012-07-27T19:49:08.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3561" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-07-27T19:49:08.943" Score="0" Body="WatiN (pronounced What-in) is an easy to use, feature rich framework for writing browser test automation in .NET." OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2012-07-28T08:51:40.497" LastActivityDate="2012-07-28T08:51:40.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2012-07-27T20:19:53.297" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Similar questions have been asked a number of times.  The general consensus is that UI automation tools such as Selenium are not a good choice for load testing.  There are a number of reasons why, but the main one is that it is a LOT slower.  You can easily spin up thousands of concurrent requests in a second in a tool like JMeter which to reproduce in Selenium would take multiples of thousands of servers all orchestrated to give you the same amount of traffic.  There are tools like selenium grid or browsermob which would allow you to orchestrate those kinds of tests, but it is really inefficient compared to a tool like JMeter.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing is a little different, since measuring the time it takes for UI to load or complete some operation can be done with Selenium, however you usually execute performance testing in tandem with load testing to answer questions like: How well does X action perform when the server is under no load/medium load/high load/varying load, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as tools that are appropriate for load testing, JMeter is a very popular free tool, but there are a number of others including one I prefer - Visual Studio Load Testing (which requires a visual studio license which you may or may not already have).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2013-07-19T16:13:28.573" LastActivityDate="2013-07-19T16:13:28.573" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3558" CreationDate="2012-07-27T23:55:12.493" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Palindromes testing is very representative in terms of QA way of thinking. Moreover, writing tests dramatically increase the quality of task specification. When a QA engineer writes test cases, it well may happen that certain case is not covered in initial specs. This is a good reason for QA to come up with idea to improve those specs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, when you are asked for more test cases during an interview, they really want to make sure you &lt;strong&gt;think like a QA&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's see what test cases can be written. First, palindromes are based on strings, so you have to enforce common string testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Null string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empty string - is it a palindrome? Probably not, but naive algorithm would return positive result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spacing and punctuation, as @dzieciou has noticed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zero-width diacritic marks introduce several tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;é&lt;/code&gt; (Latin small E with Acute Accent) can be represented in two ways, &lt;code&gt;U+00E9&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;U+0065 U+00B4&lt;/code&gt;, are they equal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Naive reversing &lt;code&gt;U+0065 U+00B4&lt;/code&gt; would ruin the character, so it has to be tested as well;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, can &lt;code&gt;é&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;e&lt;/code&gt; be considered same character, in terms of palindrome?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-07-31T19:57:47.440" LastActivityDate="2012-07-31T19:57:47.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3558" CreationDate="2012-07-28T21:52:51.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't forget even and odd length strings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2012-07-28T21:52:51.443" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3558" CreationDate="2012-07-29T06:47:24.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;See definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palindrome&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;palindrom&lt;/a&gt; and think about boundary cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What happens to white spaces, and punctuation marks when comparing input with its reversed form? Are they ignored or maybe even not acceptable? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is implementation case insensitive? Usually, both &lt;em&gt;Anna&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;anna&lt;/em&gt; are considered palindroms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the task of a tester to explore those constrains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T15:14:24.080" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T15:14:24.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3566" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-07-29T13:41:54.793" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:41:54.793" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T13:41:54.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3567" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-07-29T13:41:54.793" Score="0" Body="STOP!  Do not use this tag.  The entire SQA site is about testing.  See http://sqa.stackexchange.com/tags for tags that other questions use." OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-07-29T13:41:54.793" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T13:41:54.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2002" CreationDate="2012-07-29T16:32:50.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This thread reminded me of the funny story about Testivus, the grand master answering the question, &quot;how much test coverage is necessary&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For every student that asked, &lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.com/2010/07/code-coverage-goal-80-and-no-less.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testivus had a different answer&lt;/a&gt;. The answer depended on the person asking the question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joking aside, for our apps (consumer facing web app, js/java/apache/tomcat/oracle) we target automated testing at 50% for UT, 30% functional/api, 20% system level regression. On top of that, we add manual regression tests to confirm the results from automation, and that actual look/feel is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each project (adding a new feature, for example), the mix changes over the lifecycle of that project. Early on, mostly exploratory manual testing.  As the project firms up, more and more automation is added. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your question, you are asking about resource allocation.  Resource allocation is hard to answer. You probably need to &quot;overstaff&quot; automation for a while to get caught up to where you want to be. But, this needs to be balanced you your needs to deliver new content. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T16:32:50.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1824" CreationDate="2012-07-29T16:50:49.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/wordpress/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing Quadrants&lt;/a&gt; provides a good framework for understanding the role of testing in Agile projects. This is a good reference for seeing where your testers can add value, depending on their skills.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This framework places test types in quadrants based on whether they are Business Facing or Technology facing, and if the role of the tests are to support the team or to critique the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mSLrc.png&quot; alt=&quot;Agile Testing Quadrants from Lisa Crispin&amp;#39;s site&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our team, the developers usually do the unit testing, and the quality members do things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contribute to user stories (they have good expertise in the domain,&#xA;and strong customer affinity) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pair with the developers to do parallel testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate the system level tests (UI based tests) Document the acceptance criteria in our tool, and &quot;accept&quot; the story when its ready. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance &amp;amp; security testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2012-07-29T16:50:49.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3533" CreationDate="2012-07-30T05:22:34.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’m the Product Manager for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterpristester.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enterprise Tester&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, the attachments do not propagate to the tests in the execution sets however it is certainly an enhancement that we intend to add in an upcoming release.    This enhancement is logged as TMS-1497.  To access the attachment you will need to navigate back to the test case in the Script Library by using the link at the top of the execution screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2838" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T15:04:47.367" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T15:04:47.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3571" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8693" CreationDate="2012-07-30T06:07:08.193" Score="3" ViewCount="339" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a solution where user can access desktop application in browser using application virtualization that is implemented with the help of ThinRDP. I would like to know, what is the latency of this solution? How much time will it take to render it on user machine? Average case? worst case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if there is any tool available that can be used for evaluating latency or any other method to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already tried Wireshark and Microsoft Network Monitor but didn't got appropriate results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2825" LastActivityDate="2014-05-24T11:08:27.950" Title="How to test latency and performance of application virtualization?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-08-01T07:45:39.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;enteprise tester&quot; is very similar to QC, even the terminology is very similar (e.g. &quot;test scripts&quot;). I have worked with QC 4 years ago and currently I'm evaluating test management tools, which can be linked to JIRA. &quot;enterprise tester&quot; is one of the tools I'm currently evaluating and it really looks very similar to QC. Is seems as if most of the features I know from QC are available in enterprise tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterprisetester.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;their homepage http://www.enterprisetester.com/&lt;/a&gt; for details. The documentation they provide is quite good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2220" LastActivityDate="2012-08-01T07:45:39.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3574" CreationDate="2012-08-01T10:56:59.907" Score="3" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;I must test a website for insufficient authentication. Use case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I go to website which I'll testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log in as admin(user with the highest permissions/privileges)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run some tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tool has login and password for regular user which doesnt has&#xA;permissions that admin has.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tool intercepts requests that I call manually as admin via browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then tool remove cookies from request which it intercepts and&#xA;substitutes it with credentials for regular user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then tool passes request but with cookies of regular user and shows&#xA;response of request in the other browser or somewhere else.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im looking this kind of tool. Can anyone recommend me one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2846" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T10:36:22.693" Title="Tools for insufficient authentication" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3573" CreationDate="2012-08-01T12:24:22.610" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe Fiddler could be used to assist in the scenario you provided.&#xA;Check it out at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler2/&quot;&gt;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler2/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-08-01T12:24:22.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3575" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3576" CreationDate="2012-08-01T16:20:42.860" Score="8" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe this is a common issue for any QA that enters a project with existing test base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I entered the project which have lots of unit tests and FIT tests for existing functionality. When I test a certain defect or new sub-feature added to existing functionality, I try also to understand if existing tests cover the application domain well. That's hard to trace. There is no test management software in use so far, and many tests contain detailed data without high-level descriptions (&quot;The goal of this test is to...&quot; or &quot;We vary XML input files by variable X...&quot;). The good thing is catalog and file names for test cases are quite descriptive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two complementary ideas to understand test coverage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Systematic&lt;/strong&gt;: For a small feature under tests, I create matrix of possible test cases (e.g., combination of possible input variables) and compare it with space covered by existing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ad-hoc&lt;/strong&gt;: An idea about possible missing test comes to my mind and I retrieve the existing test base for it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, both ideas hard to apply and time-consuming for two reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The domain of possible variables is complex and many variables are interrelated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is hard to map my combinations matrix to the way someone else classified the test so far, and from this classification it is not straighfoward to see all dimensions already tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any approach to understand the coverage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:52:01.990" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:52:01.990" Title="How to understand existing test coverage?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3575" CreationDate="2012-08-01T19:57:48.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are the tests at least categorized by product, feature and separated by unit/integration/functional?  If not, that would be a good place to start to start before trying to figure out what coverage they provide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One possibility would be to run code coverage on your product while executing the tests.  This could give you a good indication of what the tests do and do not cover.  You could then run your new test matrix and see what differences there are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It won't help you much in terms of finding equivalency tests (multiple tests that are unnecessary because they are only exercising behaviors that were already exercised by other tests).  You can however execute a single test and see the code coverage for that individual test and compare it to the overall or other tests.  I'm not sure off the top of my head which code coverage tools allow you to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While it may be a big project, I would be willing to bet that on a very large set of tests, taking some time to understand and trim it down would in the end save you time, potentially save a lot of pain (you don't want to rely on tests that don't provide the coverage you actually need) and be worth the effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-08-01T19:57:48.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3573" CreationDate="2012-08-02T10:36:22.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Watir&lt;/a&gt;. Both automate browsers. You can create a script that will take username and password as arguments. The script does what needs to be done as admin and regular user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="552" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T10:36:22.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6421" CreationDate="2012-08-02T11:51:59.837" Score="2" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;While reading an article about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/bite-project/%5D&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bite-project&lt;/a&gt; the idea came to my head that it would be great to have something like bite running outside the browser. I am testing a C++-Windows application using TestComplete. While developing I navigate inside this application also without TestComplete. Sometimes I run into a crash that is not easy to reproduce. Since I usually do not expect this crash there I did not pay attention to what I did which makes it hard to reproduce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is said, that bite-project records and playbacks all the keystrokes made. Is there something similar also for non-browser-applications. Maybe not TestComplete itself since I need this for developing (writing JScript).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T05:16:14.613" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T13:53:27.403" Title="How to have all keystrokes recorded during development phase in the tested application?" Tags="&lt;action-recording&gt;&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3455" CreationDate="2012-08-02T12:04:24.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use the Search function of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gpsoft.com.au/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Directory Opus&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T12:04:24.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2012-08-02T13:18:06.153" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also check out &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling-tool.org/&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, which is an open source stress tool based on &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://akka.io&quot;&gt;akka&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the Gatling homepage, you'll find a direct comparison of how your test specification will look in Gatling vs. in JMeter. This might help you decide between these too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to create massive amounts of load, I think there's nothing better than akka as an engine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more load you want to create for your tests, the better the dedicated load testing tools will work in comparison to general web testing frameworks like Selenium/Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you'll very quickly reach the boundaries of what you can do with Selenium/Webdriver when it comes to load testing, or else you'll have to write a lot of code yourself for things that are built-in when using Gatling or JMeter. And in that case, you'll probably introduce a few of your own concurrency bugs into the test code if you're not extremely careful: Concurrency is always hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2809" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T13:18:06.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3581" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3582" CreationDate="2012-08-02T17:11:07.887" Score="7" ViewCount="2607" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run Web Driver (.Net version) with SpecFlow as my test driver on some fairly general Cross - Browser scenarios so I often am rerunning tests as I add new ones, or clean up old automation.  On occasion a test that passed previously suddenly fails for a timeout on an element in a page, or some such similar timeout error, yet running the test 5 minutes before or after gives me a pass.  Typically I try to rerun the test right away before looking for issues, considering how often I run the tests I can usually get a pass right away.  So I tend to take the stand that I can ignore this error due to some condition beyond my control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do others handle this?  Should I be taking time t track down intermittent issues which may cause a test to overall give me a failure in &amp;lt;10% of its overall runs, I don't see the value in chasing down one time out when I can rerun the test and see it pass.  Or is this something that many people see and I am just trying to find an issue where there is none?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T14:46:13.223" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T14:46:13.223" Title="What is the best way to handle minor intermittent automation failures during cross browser testing?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3581" CreationDate="2012-08-02T17:47:36.583" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general rule of thumb, everytime a test fails or has an indeterminate outcome it requires investigation. If you ignore a failing/indeterminate test then you increase the risk of missing or overlooking a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The value of automation is to execute tests that we deem important enough that we want to run them repeatitively, or tests that are executed more effectively or efficiently via automated code as compared to manual processes in order to free up our time to do other testing tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we are spending time baby-sitting tests that are throwing false positives that is time that is being taken away from other testing tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We recently put a lot of effort into improving automated test case reliability. In our critical suites our automated tests must pass a 100x run w/o failure before it is checked-in to the lab. This gives us 99% confidence that any failures in these suites indicate a regression of some sort and are not likely to be false positives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was a big cost investment and required in-depth root cause analysis of the different failures we were seeing. 10% may not seem like a lot of effort, but over time and as the # of tests increase over time the costs add up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bascially, it boils down to your tipping point of when you are spending (wasting) time investigating false positives versus the time your automated tests should be providing that will free you up to do other testing tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T17:47:36.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2012-08-02T19:13:21.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;(disclaimer: I'm the Gatling project lead dev)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It currently seems unefficient to use Webdriver for load tests, even with a huge grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to reduce the cost of maintaining functional tests AND load tests, you can build a system where you obtain your load tests base from your functional tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;plug a recording system on your functional tests, such as Gatling recorder, and obtain your load tests base&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;edit them to add loops, users, dynamic data, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when your functional tests evolve, you can re-run the first step and make a diff with your previous output so you can easily identify what you have to modify. This is easier in Gatling than in JMeter as scenarios are not a big chunck of XML but an expressive DSL.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2854" LastActivityDate="2012-08-02T19:13:21.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3584" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-03T08:14:08.747" Score="4" ViewCount="1409" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing some automated regression testing on a web application using Rational Functional Tester with Java.&#xA;I need to test some PDF files produced by that application, comparing them with a &quot;base&quot; PDf file that has been manually validated.&#xA;The testing is content-based, meaning that little differencies in disposition on page are tolerated. Some content like dates or purchase IDs are variable, and should not be considered errors, so I need comparing with regexps or similar. Image matching with adjustable tolerance would be a great plus, for comparing QR codes and other bar codes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When an error occours, I want a screenshot with base page and the faulty one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually I built a wrapper around this library to suit my requirements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.inetsoftware.de/other-products/pdf-content-comparer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.inetsoftware.de/other-products/pdf-content-comparer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works quite good for PDF-1.3, but seems like the library poorly supports files in PDF-1.4 format.&#xA;It's not possible to change the output format of the web app, and regression bugs are quite common in the prints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any PDF comparer library to suggest? Preferred language is Java, as RFT is Java based, but anything's fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2015-08-16T14:58:30.253" Title="Looking for a content-aware library for regression testing of PDF files" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2012-08-03T16:31:48.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While not precisely a library in the past I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scootersoftware.com/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beyond Compare&lt;/a&gt; to do this sort of comparisons.  It supports being scripted.  I essentially created the script which drove the how I wanted the comparisons performed and then I executed the app from my test harness.  It does look like the company that put out your library recently released a 2.0 beta.  Have you tried that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-08-03T16:31:48.400" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2012-08-03T16:32:29.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know any PDF library that had satisfying results. My way is currently to convert PDF to text and work from there. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.a-pdf.com/text/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;A-PDF Text Extractor&lt;/a&gt; is my tool of choice here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastActivityDate="2012-08-03T16:32:29.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3589" CreationDate="2012-08-03T18:51:44.090" Score="3" ViewCount="1203" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have gone through this book &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&lt;/a&gt; which is excellent and I highly recommend it to everyone! I was wondering if there is a similar book/tutorial with a Ruby focus that anyone would recommend? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2861" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:34:51.647" Title="Does anyone have any suggestions for a Selenium with Ruby tutorials?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3587" CreationDate="2012-08-03T19:32:47.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;a href=&quot;http://anahorny.blogspot.com/2011/08/selenium-webdriver-ruby-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; the sort of thing you are looking for ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-08-03T19:32:47.587" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3587" CreationDate="2012-08-04T12:21:36.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would highly recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/cucumber_and_cheese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber &amp;amp; Cheese&lt;/a&gt; (A Testers Workshop) by Jeff Morgan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="552" LastActivityDate="2012-08-04T12:21:36.767" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2012-08-06T09:40:57.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to add that is it possible to use Selenium for performance testing.&#xA; Example: you have application with Web-UI and you want to measure UI reaction with one user but dealing with huge database. &#xA; In this case JMeter is a bad choice, because it can't process Ajax requests. I've worked with such situation on my past project, and for such volume testing we used Selenium.&#xA;  In other cases JMeter is better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2744" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T09:40:57.297" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2520" CreationDate="2012-08-06T10:50:04.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some links that might help you on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/tutorials-and-related-blog-posts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Tutorials and Related Blog Posts&quot;&lt;/a&gt; wiki page of Cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially the blog post about &lt;a href=&quot;http://thomassundberg.wordpress.com/2011/10/18/testing-a-web-application-with-selenium-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Testing a web application with Selenium 2&quot;&lt;/a&gt; by Thomas Sundberg might be helpful. It starts out with recording, but then explains how to simplify the generated automation code, how to use the Page Object Pattern, how to take screenshots on failure, and finally, it gives some useful hints about code readability and behaviour-driven design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2809" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T10:50:04.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3594" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3596" CreationDate="2012-08-06T18:07:58.800" Score="10" ViewCount="6275" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://compass.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ws-slides/havelund.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is a document&lt;/a&gt; that outlines challenges and solutions of testing of Mars Science Laboratory.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I found the approach of log files analysis unexpected but quite beneficial on many levels. It seems to me that the same approach could be used while testing the more conventional web applications, for example.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Does anyone have a practical experience and lessons learned from this way of testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2874" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T12:01:12.473" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T12:01:12.473" Title="How common is testing based on log files analysis?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3594" CreationDate="2012-08-06T19:26:00.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, we use log monitoring as part of our testing process. Each manual tester is asked to monitor the logs during test (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dell9.ma.utexas.edu/cgi-bin/man-cgi?00%2000&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tail -f&lt;/a&gt;), to look for hidden errors/exceptions during testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, our UI will pop-up a dialog if a client side exception is thrown. These usually cause automated tests to fail, and starts the investigation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, we have a script that runs nightly to aggregate all of the errors &amp;amp; exceptions from the log files, compare to a list of known issues, and send an email to the team for new errors that appear in the logs. This triggers investigation.  (same script runs in production as well)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T19:26:00.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3594" CreationDate="2012-08-06T19:54:36.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Web applications are a little bit different in that the web server deals with multiple, unrelated clients.  If you are looking for a pattern, it is not enough to know that page Y followed page X -- you also need to know whether those events occurred in the same session.  Sometimes this information is available in the logs; sometimes, not.  Of course in a NAT'ed world you cannot necessarily rely on the client's IP address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Log analysis and automata reverse-engineering are also useful for load-testing, except that instead of analyzing logged events, you generate those events in proportions and patterns that resemble what you see in the logs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if you want to reverse-engineer an application's behavior from its outputs, you can better be confident that the application is mostly working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-08-06T19:54:36.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2012-08-07T05:18:20.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to Dmitry's and Lyndon's answer, you can also using Apple scripts if you are using a Mac machine. It is very efficient to handle such situations. Just need to run the scripts using java runtime class if you are using java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2012-08-07T05:18:20.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3601" CreationDate="2012-08-07T06:09:29.763" Score="3" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to work with the Network Suite it is important to have the same version of TestComplete installed on all systems. Can I check the version number from script? I am thinking about storing it in a NetWork Suite variable in order to compare the TestComplete version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastActivityDate="2012-08-07T10:04:05.477" Title="Can I get the TestComplete version number from script?" Tags="&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3581" CreationDate="2012-08-07T09:22:56.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We also have same issue in our production monitoring automation suite. To solve this problem to some extent, whenever a test is failed it is marked as INTERMITTENT and same test is repeated for max. 3 times or until it is passed. If it is getting passed in any one of next repetition then issue is left as Intermittent and not alerted. If it is failing all the 3 iterations at the same point/step then it is marked as failed and alerted. If it is failing at different steps in different iterations then it is most likely script issue and marked as false positive and not alerted. Hope this helps..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2876" LastActivityDate="2012-08-07T09:22:56.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3513" CreationDate="2012-08-07T09:30:13.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is as designed, so there is nothing to worry about. You can then start opening your website using &lt;code&gt;driver.Navigate().GoToURL()&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2876" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-07-19T11:38:26.747" LastActivityDate="2018-07-19T11:38:26.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3598" CreationDate="2012-08-07T10:04:05.477" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;Sys.Process(&quot;TestComplete&quot;).&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/31860/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FileVersionInfo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to get the full version number, e.g. 9.0.1312.7, or you can use &lt;code&gt;Sys.Process(&quot;TestComplete&quot;).FileVersionInfo.MajorPart&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;MinorPart&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;BuildPart&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;PrivatePart&lt;/code&gt; to get the corresponding parts of the version number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="237" LastActivityDate="2012-08-07T10:04:05.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3594" CreationDate="2012-08-07T13:14:41.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We rely extensively on log analysis, but not for Web applications but for testing embedded code (from low level drivers to applications).&#xA;As the presentation says one of the first decisions you'll have to take is online vs. offline , this changes your strategy completely.&#xA;Our Perl framework has a simplified API for analyzing offline logs, and/or handling of synchronous/asynchronous online events.&#xA;Note that using logs makes it easier to separate messages of the presentation and the logic layers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-08-07T13:14:41.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3594" CreationDate="2012-08-07T20:43:05.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our logs are one of the main objects for analysis, because of applications don't have UI and we get all information from logs and network output. Also, we have special requirements for logging functionality.&#xA;Usually we set maximum verbosity level and use tools like grep, tail and awk to process log files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1270" LastActivityDate="2012-08-07T20:43:05.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3605" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-08T06:45:46.210" Score="2" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a set of test cases which are run on every release of the compiler. The regression logs have to be in readable format. I already have a script to extract information from the logs which gives the name of test and pass-fail result. Now I need to format these result so that they can viewed in version based manner, use the bug tracking system to insert bug numbers, filter. I'm planning to host a server for doing this. Is there a html template or a software which can make my life easier?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2884" LastActivityDate="2012-09-07T14:02:45.990" Title="Maintaining regression results on web server or locally" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3605" CreationDate="2012-08-08T13:32:08.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; might be useful for you.  You can use it to run a test suite against a build and then display the test results in a variety of ways.  Jenkins can preserve the test results for each build so that you can look at the results of previous builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-08-08T13:32:08.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2012-08-08T13:41:39.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can convert your PDF result file and the corresponding base file to images and then do a comparison bits by bits on the images. You can build some kind of tolerance for instance less than 2% in gray scale value to handle the bar codes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For areas that are variable such as dates or purchase IDS, you could black them out in the resulting images before doing the image comparison. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To convert PDF to images, you can use our &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qoppa.com/pdfimages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;java library jPDFImages&lt;/a&gt; , you would get a buffered image for each page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contact us if you need help. This is an interesting problem as we're considering developing a PDF comparison library soon. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2891" LastActivityDate="2012-08-08T13:41:39.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3608" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3614" CreationDate="2012-08-08T14:14:55.107" Score="5" ViewCount="1274" Body="&lt;p&gt;SeleniumRubyWindowsTest.rb:1:in `require': no such file to load -- selenium (Loa&#xA;dError)&#xA;        from SeleniumRubyWindowsTest.rb:1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I followed the steps from this blog - &lt;a href=&quot;http://testnerdy.blogspot.ca/2009/10/installing-ruby-and-selenium-on-windows.html&quot;&gt;http://testnerdy.blogspot.ca/2009/10/installing-ruby-and-selenium-on-windows.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This blog is a little dated, so I am assuming it has to do with that. Anyone have any ideas on what I may be doing wrong? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code as requested (this is copy/pasted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://testnerdy.blogspot.ca/2009/10/running-selenium-tests-written-in-ruby.html&quot;&gt;http://testnerdy.blogspot.ca/2009/10/running-selenium-tests-written-in-ruby.html&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require &quot;selenium&quot;&#xA;require &quot;test/unit&quot;&#xA;&#xA;class SeleniumRubyWindowsTest &amp;lt; Test::Unit::TestCase&#xA;  def setup&#xA;    @verification_errors = []&#xA;    if $selenium&#xA;      @selenium = $selenium&#xA;    else&#xA;      @selenium = Selenium::SeleniumDriver.new(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, &quot;http://www.yahoo.com/&quot;, 10000);&#xA;      @selenium.start&#xA;    end&#xA;    @selenium.set_context(&quot;SeleniumRubyWindowsTest&quot;)&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def teardown&#xA;    @selenium.stop unless $selenium&#xA;    assert_equal [], @verification_errors&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def test_SeleniumRubyWindowsTest&#xA;    @selenium.open &quot;/&quot;&#xA;    assert_equal &quot;Yahoo!&quot;, @selenium.get_title&#xA;    @selenium.type &quot;p_13838465-p&quot;, &quot;Selenium RC&quot;&#xA;    @selenium.click &quot;search-submit&quot;&#xA;    @selenium.wait_for_page_to_load &quot;30000&quot;&#xA;    assert_equal &quot;Selenium RC - Yahoo! Search Results&quot;, @selenium.get_title&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2892" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2012-08-08T19:46:54.107" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T02:18:18.487" Title="Selenium with Ruby - getting an error SeleniumRubyWindowsTest.rb:1:in `require': no such file to load" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3581" CreationDate="2012-08-08T14:29:35.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also asked question for suggestion how to write reliable test automation, you may find it useful: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3254/your-suggestions-for-writing-reliable-web-ui-automation/&quot;&gt;Your suggestions for writing reliable Web UI automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-08-08T14:29:35.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3610" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-08T15:12:00.413" Score="4" ViewCount="4079" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wondering how other people are handling this, because with the teams I work with we are runnning into issues when tracking when our defects are being worked on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we do now is fill out an estimated completion date field which is mandatory to fill out when a defect is switched to an open status. This date is used by admin to track how old defects are and whether or not they are being worked on. People ussually have a tough time keeping this updated and as a defect coordinator I end up pushing these dates out all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we are running into is that people will leave a defect in a new status while they are investigating it in order to not have anyone track their progress because they aren't actually fixing anything at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas or advice that has worked on your teams?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently use HP ALM v11&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2782" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T14:23:29.113" Title="Tracking defect time to fix" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3611" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3663" CreationDate="2012-08-08T17:36:54.697" Score="5" ViewCount="5652" Body="&lt;p&gt;See attached. Once in awhile (say, one in several hundred test runs), I'll have something like this happen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o4r83.png&quot; alt=&quot;incorrect send_keys typing&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What it should have typed was &lt;strong&gt;AttachmentCount:0&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example where it is retyping &quot;very&quot; and this time with the wrong case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9WwWR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also seen it happen where it stops typing in the middle of a send_keys() phrase I'm sending (see example screenshot in a comment below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The function I'm using is below. I'm using Selenium 2.23 on Windows 7 with Firefox 13. Any ideas on why this happens? I can re-run the test and it'll be fine. I have 113 other searches in this test that typed out fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def do_find(self, term):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot; interacts with the search form &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    textbox = self.browser.find_element_by_id('query')&#xA;    textbox.clear()  # for when we loop and search more than once&#xA;    tab = util.webdriver.common.keys.Keys.TAB&#xA;    textbox.send_keys(term, tab)  # tab closes autocomplete popup&#xA;    findb = self.browser.find_element_by_id('findbutton')&#xA;    findb.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T14:47:11.563" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T14:47:11.563" Title="How to fix intermittent typing problems with send_keys?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3610" CreationDate="2012-08-08T17:56:59.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way nearly every team I have ever been a part of has handled this is that bugs are triaged regularly by some subset of the product team - usually dev lead, QA lead and PM lead.  The triage team is responsible for deciding whether the bug meets the bar to be fixed and assigning it to the appropriate team member for fixing.  During triage a bug can be assigned to a a few different traige states:&#xA; 1. Accepted&#xA; 2. Rejected&#xA; 3. Investigate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be put into the Investigate state if more information is needed in order to determine whether it should be accepted or rejected.  If it is accepted, that should mean that the triage team already has a fairly good idea how big of a work item it is and the availability of the team member it is assigned to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any time spent investigating and/or fixing and/or unit testing a bug that has already been accepted is considered time spent fixing the bug.  There is no need to break it down beyond that for any purpose that I can think of.  Even tracking exactly how long it takes to fix a bug doesn't feel like very actionable data.  The only time I can think that it would come into play is if the triage team thought a bug was a quick fix and it ends up being much more complex and then it's just a matter of talking with the developer (hopefully in daily standups) to understand how long it should take to fix.  Still, this would be on a more case by case basis for managing a release and less useful when thought of in terms of trending data used to make future business decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do you need to know how old defects are and whether they are being worked on?  Is this to make sure that you're on track for a release?  It seems like a much more direct approach would be to have a discussion with each developer about what they are working on and what they expect to finish prior to the next milestone.  This is a great value you get out of daily standups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-08-08T17:56:59.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3610" CreationDate="2012-08-09T00:11:01.100" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use a &quot;check-in date&quot; (estimated completion date) after the bug is understood and we start working on the fix to estimate when the work will be done. But we use the actual date the bug is opened until it is resolved to help us track progress against bugs and work items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In burn down charts, or glideslope graphs we track the number of active issues (bugs or work items) and the number of active issues open &gt; 72 hours based on the actual open dates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially we are looking at trends. E.g. if the # of active issues &gt;72 hrs is equal to the # of active issues then we can predict issues aren't being fixed fast enough and the # open issues will usually spike.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since leads triage issues in their feature area every day we can re-assign/re-prioritize work to make sure important things are addressed and the burn down happens in a timely manner without burning out people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T00:11:01.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3608" CreationDate="2012-08-09T02:18:18.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems my suggestion of doing a gem uninstall and then an install worked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T02:18:18.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3232" CreationDate="2012-08-09T04:46:58.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In theory you could configure &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Email-ext+plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins to send emails&lt;/a&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/The+new+EMailer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this too&lt;/a&gt;) to an email address that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bugzilla.org/docs/3.0/html/api/email_in.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bugzilla is monitoring to create/update bugs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, a &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugins#Plugins-Buildnotifiers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins notifier&lt;/a&gt; could be configured to create a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bugzilla.org/releases/3.0/new-features.html#v30_feat_xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bugzilla ticket via xmlrpc&lt;/a&gt; (I don't know of an existing jenkins plugin that does this, however.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="607" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T04:46:58.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2916" CreationDate="2012-08-09T05:08:03.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on what you want to do, one of these might be what you're looking for.  Or, just searching for any combination of these will result in a number of &quot;software comparision&quot; articles that might list the one you're looking for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;commercial: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.splunk.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Splunk&lt;/a&gt;  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splunk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.liquidlabs.com/main/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LogScape&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/logwatch/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Logwatch&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/swatch/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Swatch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.octopussy.pm/dokuwiki/doku.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Octopussy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparisons, lists:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://theagileadmin.com/2010/06/14/log-management-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;log management tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://devopsangle.com/2012/06/18/build-your-own-splunk-like-central-log-management-tool-with-open-source-software/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;build your own splunk&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="607" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T05:08:03.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2916" CreationDate="2012-08-09T11:52:33.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you are thinking of LogParser?&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=24659&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=24659&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It allows you to conduct SQL-style queries through a bunch of text-based log files and many other input sources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-08-09T13:23:51.817" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T13:23:51.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3621" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3629" CreationDate="2012-08-09T18:00:41.610" Score="4" ViewCount="2228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using SOAP UI to test our RESTful search service. The search request is of the form :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; {               &quot;className&quot;: &quot;Pets&quot;,&#xA;                &quot;searchType&quot;: &quot;SearchResult&quot;,&#xA;                &quot;query&quot;: &quot;German shephard&quot;,&#xA;                &quot;filterQuery&quot;: {&quot;subClassName&quot; = &quot;Dogs&quot;},&#xA;                &quot;sortType&quot;: null,&#xA;                &quot;startPageFrom&quot;: 0,&#xA;                &quot;distance&quot;: 100.0,&#xA;                &quot;latitude&quot;: 34.069784,&#xA;                &quot;longitude&quot;: -118.34901,&#xA;                &quot;pageSize&quot;: 20,&#xA;                &quot;randomSeed&quot;: 0,&#xA;                &quot;notBackfillable&quot;: false,&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to test about 200 search terms (obtained from logs) along with multiple combinations of the other request parameters. The number of test cases can hence easily exceed thousand. Instead of creating each test  case in SOAP UI i would like to create an .csv or excel sheet to import these testcases in to SOAP UI (Which i can later run as load tests). Does anybody know of a way to do this? I have been through SOAP UI's documentation but haven't found anything useful. Any pointers would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T19:34:19.733" Title="Can testcases in .csv or excel format be imported in SOAP UI?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3181" CreationDate="2012-08-09T19:30:47.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://longweekendmobile.com/2011/04/17/xcode4-running-application-tests-from-the-command-line-in-ios/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog&lt;/a&gt; post it is not possible to run tests from xcodebuild but there is a work around. This problem exists for xcode 4.0 - 4.3, I'm not sure about 4.4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2909" LastActivityDate="2012-08-09T19:30:47.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-10T14:02:59.007" Score="1" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine that there is a non-trivial logic in the page, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IF element E1 in dropdown D1 is selected THEN button B1 is disabled ELSE B1 is enabled&#xA;IF element E2 in dropdown D2 is selected THEN text input T1 is hidden ELSE T1 is visible&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need the code for both:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI (ASP.NET page)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a test wrapper for this UI following Page object pattern that will be used in automation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, programming this non-trivial logic on a page is a hassle. Second, code for the wrapper has to be changed after any changes to the UI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We started thinking that code generation can help us with both problems. My question would be: Did any of you tried doing something like that before? Any recommendations or pointers to relevant information? Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T14:02:59.007" Title="Any experience in generating UI pages and test wrappers for UI?" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-06-09T20:00:55.113" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-10T14:03:33.133" Score="2" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using a Network Suite inside of TestComplete 9 to do distributed testing. We have already setup a project that executes on 2 remote computers, our slaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the resolution on the slave computers is too little though. Seems as if the Remote Desktop Connection is established with a 800*600 resolution only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a possibility to specify the resolution that will be used in TestComplete? In the the &quot;Display&quot; tab of the Remote Desktop Connection this is possible, this lets me hope this is also possible in TestComplete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tBXMG.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T14:03:33.133" Title="Setting the resolution of the slave used by Network Suite of TestComplete wanted" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-10-10T16:35:20.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3633" CreationDate="2012-08-10T14:34:12.753" Score="4" ViewCount="4022" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to use Team Foundation Server (Without Test Manager) with open source test management tools, for example Bugzilla as the management interface linking in with Team foundation server? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back Story: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to the departmental budget we are unable to purchase Mircosft Test Manager so we are looking for a way of creating Test Plans/testcases and link them to the work items in TFS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2913" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T12:05:47.353" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T12:05:47.353" Title="Is it possible to use TFS (Without Test Manager) with open source test management tools?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3625" CreationDate="2012-08-10T16:18:20.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A google search reveals these tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tool makes it easier to integrate TFS with external tools:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tfsintegration.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tfsintegration.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tool has integration with both Bugzilla and TFS:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.origsoft.com/products/qualify/tfs.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.origsoft.com/products/qualify/tfs.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I don't see anything listed on the Bugzilla site itself:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.mozilla.org/Bugzilla:Addons#Integration_with_Source_Code_Management_utilities&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://wiki.mozilla.org/Bugzilla:Addons#Integration_with_Source_Code_Management_utilities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T16:18:20.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3625" CreationDate="2012-08-10T16:27:37.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're not afraid of coding a custom solution have a look at the TFS API: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb130307%28v=vs.80%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb130307%28v=vs.80%29.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would then probably need to use Bugzilla's API (http://www.bugzilla.org/docs/tip/en/html/api/) to do the integration if you need to link directly within Bugzilla itself.  If you're looking to link test cases in Bugzilla to work items in TFS I imagine you would need to add a foreign key in the database that maps to both the TFS ID and the Bugzilla ID for a particular item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2747" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T16:27:37.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3630" CreationDate="2012-08-10T16:49:55.320" Score="3" ViewCount="3684" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm beginning to explore the possibility of doing UI automation using the UI Automation library that came with .NET 3 (will be using c#).  There aren't a ton of tutorials out there on this, but the ones I have seen usually involve getting the AutomationID property from a control on the application to be tested.  The problem is, using UISpy and WPF Inspector, it doesn't appear that the application I'm testing has the AutomationID property populated (it's a WPF application).  Also, sometimes the Name field is populated, but sometimes it's not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given this, is UI Automation going to be possible from the standpoint of a custom solution, or will I have to use some kind of record/playback tool (and if so, how would those tools work given the absence of these attributes)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2747" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T21:36:20.150" Title="Using UI Automation framework without AutomationID or Name" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3621" CreationDate="2012-08-10T19:34:19.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This option is only available in the PRO version of SOAP UI.  The license costs around 300 dollars a year.  You can have the data in an excel sheet and map the columns in the request; Loop it so that the test runs until all the rows in excel sheet are read and executed.  You can export the response to a CSV or excel sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also find this useful: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/Data-Driven-Testing/functional-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.soapui.org/Data-Driven-Testing/functional-tests.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T19:34:19.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3628" CreationDate="2012-08-10T21:36:20.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer depends on how comfortable you are programming.  You can definitely find what you need using UI Automation without names and IDs.  However, I found that the managed classes can find much less than the unmanaged.  This post sums this up nicely: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/windowsaccessibilityandautomation/thread/c3f142e1-0624-4ec5-a313-482e72d5454d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/windowsaccessibilityandautomation/thread/c3f142e1-0624-4ec5-a313-482e72d5454d&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(look at Guy Barker's response)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His point (i) is what I am doing.  Point (ii) may be easier.  Ultimately it is access to the Legacy Accessibility API stuff that made the difference for me.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest trying out Coded UI and Test Complete.  If they can successfully find your objects and manipulate them when you playback, then you may want to go that way, but keep in mind that you will have to refactor the recordings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they don't work and you are comfortable programming, then definitely try out the unmanaged UI Automation stuff first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2830" LastActivityDate="2012-08-10T21:36:20.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3631" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-11T21:19:13.360" Score="3" ViewCount="715" Body="&lt;p&gt;O hai SQA, first post here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just started using Selenium a few days ago. However, I'm a little stumped getting it to work with one of my projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an HTML file containing a collection of images. Each image has an event handler, which calls a JavaScript function when I click the image, or press Enter after selecting it with the arrow keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, Selenium doesn't recognize any interaction (mouse clicks or key presses) with the images no matter what I do, although I can get it to work with other sites. The &quot;collage&quot; is JavaScript-generated as opposed to being coded in pure HTML, although I'm not sure if that makes a difference. Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2917" LastActivityDate="2012-10-13T03:05:29.033" Title="Selenium not recognizing actions on JavaScript-generated page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3411" CreationDate="2012-08-12T05:08:45.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with you, this would be a great feature and Microsoft should consider this in a future release. I create many, many test cases for others to run and this would be a huge time saver for the whole team. Especially if when working in short sprints and constantly having to update test cases to reflect newly completed tasks and bug fixes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;However, can you just run a second instance of MTM?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I typically have more than one instance of MTM running: one on my host machine, and another instance in the virtual machine which I am running the test on. This allows me to make changes to the test case on my host machine instance of MTM as I go about testing on the other instance in my VM. Note: if you want two instances of MTM.exe running on a single machine (e.g. where one is in design mode and another in run mode) you'll have to launch the second MTM instance as another user as it is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/vstsqualitytools/archive/2009/11/09/single-instance-application.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;single instance application&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2857" LastActivityDate="2012-08-12T05:08:45.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3625" CreationDate="2012-08-13T03:19:22.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can simply create a new work item type called &quot;Test&quot;, and customise it to have the fields you require. You will need to add fields like Result (Not Run, Passed, Failed, In Progress etc), Tested by, Date executed and Tested in Build, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to make these fields reportable in the data warehouse, and build some status reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have done that, you can execute test cases within TFS, linked to your other work item types. I worked this way for years, actually prefer it to using MTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T03:19:22.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3641" CreationDate="2012-08-13T07:14:22.583" Score="4" ViewCount="3171" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate user interaction on a web application which is having embedded java applet in it. Need a tool that can spy the objects in the java applet in browser .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The plan is to use FEST - swig library or anything similar to automate the user interaction on the objects in the applet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also this web application opens only on  IE browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Already I tried using IE webdeveloper, debug bar etc , but nothing is able to identify anything in the applet.&#xA;As I tried, QTP is able to identify the elements in the applet very easy, but I require something other than QTP as its not a feasibly solution in my environment.&#xA;Is there any open source tools that can support selenium to work with such in browser java applets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T22:56:36.407" Title="How to Spy elements in an in-browser applet" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3636" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3640" CreationDate="2012-08-13T15:55:50.053" Score="3" ViewCount="1434" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to change several requests parameters list to make it dynamic. The number of parameters can differ and depends on previous request responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In JMeter it can be done just using the regular expression extractor result parameter which contains array of values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can i perform this in Visual Studio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1096" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T22:52:58.387" Title="Dynamic number of request parameters for web performance testing in Visual Studio" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3611" CreationDate="2012-08-13T16:05:58.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesting.  I'd probably create a test that just navigates to the page and enters text into that texbox and repeat it a hundred times then watch the execution and see if I can catch it in the act to see what might be going on.  It could be something to do with auto-complete, especially if that took focus away from the textbox.  That could cause selenium to switch focus back to the textbox and retry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T16:05:58.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3610" CreationDate="2012-08-13T19:24:47.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;they aren't really penalized or rewarded, but they can be bothered based off of those statistics.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are indeed being penalized - being &quot;bothered&quot; is a penalty. When people are measured and penalized like this, they quickly learn to game the system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider assigning the defects to folks and find a way to understand what they are working on without being considered a &quot;bother&quot;. Sometimes talking with people, rather than relying on a tracking system, works better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T19:24:47.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3636" CreationDate="2012-08-13T22:47:29.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the RegularExpression Extraction rule does not work for you, then what you're looking for is a custom extraction rule: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms243179%28v=vs.80%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms243179%28v=vs.80%29.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically create a method deriving from ExtractionRule and then add the ExtractionRule to your webtest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2012-08-13T22:52:58.387" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T22:52:58.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3634" CreationDate="2012-08-13T22:56:36.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the Java applet is written to be accessible then you can use UIAutomaion (replacement for MSAA since Windows Vista) to automate it.  Even if it is not 100% accessible, you may still be able to use UIAutomation.  QTP likely uses MSAA or UIAutomation under the hood to drive it's non-web automation.  There are a number of other solutions win32 automation that also use MSAA or UIAutomation that would probably work for you as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-08-13T22:56:36.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3631" CreationDate="2012-08-14T02:05:33.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;how is the event triggered? does the element have an attribute say onclick? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;another way to trigger javascript is to use the following example, which is more of a workaround.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver; // Assigned elsewhere&#xA;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;return document.title&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2924" LastActivityDate="2012-08-14T02:05:33.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3610" CreationDate="2012-08-14T02:32:12.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are tracking time to fix it should be applied based on priority. P1 hours, P2 days, P3 weeks etc. As the defects get older they can be reevaluated. But I have found that fixing defects ends these discussions. If its taking too long it usually means features are prioritized over technical debt in the backlog. The amount taken in each sprint can be increased to close out defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As already stated QA, dev and PM collectivly set the priority.Product Mangers to if you are affecting feature delivers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2925" LastActivityDate="2012-08-14T02:32:12.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2918" CreationDate="2012-08-14T07:15:30.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private void mouseOver(WebElement element) {&#xA;    String code = &quot;var fireOnThis = arguments[0];&quot;&#xA;        + &quot;var evObj = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');&quot;&#xA;        + &quot;evObj.initEvent( 'mouseover', true, true );&quot;&#xA;        + &quot;fireOnThis.dispatchEvent(evObj);&quot;;&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(code, element);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and perform click on element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2927" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-01T10:31:25.327" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T10:31:25.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3645" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3830" CreationDate="2012-08-14T19:42:27.683" Score="7" ViewCount="954" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work with automated testing of a very large Delphi XE application using TestComplete  9. The application has a 180MB executable. The automation environment is Windows XP, 32 bit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete is unable to access public, protected or private properties. Published properties may or may not be accessible - there doesn't seem to be any pattern to whether or not a given published property can be accessed. All methods are usually accessible, but may be unavailable, again without any observable pattern. The automation codebase has not changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially, I observed occasional instances where form information that should have been available to TestComplete wasn't present. The same automation could be rerun against the same executable and access the information without errors: the pattern of failure appeared to be random and was never solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, not only does TestComplete working with the large application fail to access properties and methods necessary for the automation to complete, when TestComplete attempts to access the information it will often cause the application to fail with no further information. This behavior can be reproduced with the application at will, but can't be built into a test application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application has been under more or less continuous development for about 25 years, and still includes some of the original DOS TurboPascal procedural code, so the internal workings of the application are very complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone point me to any resources or suggestions for getting the automation running again? At present there is maybe 3 hours (of 60) automated regression being performed due to the problems with accessing application internal information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2012-08-14T19:49:15.567" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T10:40:54.857" Title="TestComplete working with a very large application loses the ability to access application internal properties" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3646" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-15T00:57:08.273" Score="5" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often find myself wanting to generate a lot of negative test cases by mutating a known good set of inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say I have a function that will accept (a, b, c) as an expected valid input for a function. I have sample invalid values for each parameter: {a1, a2}, {b1}, {c1, c2, c3}. For my negative test cases, I would then want to send the mutated tuples:&#xA;(a1, b, c)&#xA;(a2, b, c)&#xA;(a, b1, c)&#xA;(a, b, c1)&#xA;(a, b, c2)&#xA;(a, b, c3)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a name for such an operation? Are there libraries that make this simple?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2930" LastActivityDate="2012-08-19T02:25:44.730" Title="Is there a name for this type of vector operation?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3646" CreationDate="2012-08-15T05:20:14.503" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name for this type of testing is combinatorial testing or sometimes referred to as pairwise testing. There is a very effective free tool from Microsoft that we also use for combinatorial testing called &lt;a href=&quot;http://download.microsoft.com/download/f/5/5/f55484df-8494-48fa-8dbd-8c6f76cc014b/pict33.msi&quot;&gt;PICT&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info is also available at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pairwise.org&quot;&gt;http://www.pairwise.org&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2010/11/25/combinatorial-testing-testing-with-negative-values/&quot;&gt;my blog post on combinatorial testing with negative values&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially the input file for you example would look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;param1: a, ~a1, ~a2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;param2: b, ~b1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;param3: c, ~c1, ~c2, ~c3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tilde character indicates to PICT that the value is a negative value. PICT will only use 1 negative value at a time in any combination (read my blog post above for suggestions on potential error masking).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output from PICT for this input model is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;param1  param2  param3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a   b   c&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~a2 b   c&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a   b   ~c3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a   b   ~c1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~a1 b   c&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a   b   ~c2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a   ~b1 c&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you have any questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="213" LastEditDate="2012-08-15T05:25:33.530" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T05:25:33.530" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3648" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-15T05:32:14.893" Score="14" ViewCount="2282" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been testing Ubuntu daily builds for QA since last month.  I wasn't too confident in learning development yet, because I didn't feel familiar with encountering a bunch of code. But I want to write code and develop software one day. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, I see QA work as active testing, communication via mailing lists, and reporting bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what ways is quality assurance testing a first step into development?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2918" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:51:28.880" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T21:08:24.537" Title="Software testing: a first step to development?" Tags="&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3649" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5086" CreationDate="2012-08-15T12:08:48.707" Score="2" ViewCount="1524" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to evaluate the capabilities of the below IBM Rational tools to handle functional testing automation and performance testing for the &quot;Finacle - Infosys&quot; core banking system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IBM Rational Functional Tester (RFT)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IBM Rational Performance Tester (RPT)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I would like to confirm whether any additional components are required to be added for both tools to support my testing needs (e.g. plugin to test web services or handling Oracle NCA JInitiator ... etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I apologize for posting the question twice on the &quot;Software Quality Assurance and Testing&quot; and the main &quot;StackOverFlow&quot; sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1052" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-30T17:25:47.190" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T13:04:35.920" Title="Functional and performance testing for the “Finacle - Infosys” core banking system using IBM Rational" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-15T12:09:15.287" Score="5" ViewCount="5724" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; for those of you who create Test Plans based on product area rather than per iteration, why? And for those of you who create new, fresh Test Plans based on your release cycle (iteration / sprint, whatever), why? Is choosing one over the other a no-brainer (e.g.an Agile shop should choose new test plans per sprint/iteration?)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; I'm hoping for some guidance on how to organize Test Plans. I'm using Microsoft Test Manager. All I have found is &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286581.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'You might want to create a test plan for each sprint if you are using&#xA;  an agile methodology&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Or, you might create a test plan for each specific milestone if you are using another approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff972304.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; source claims that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...it is better to create test plans based on your testing goals for specific iterations or milestones&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems so simple...if you're an Agile shop you should create a Test Plan for each sprint (or iteration) like Microsoft suggests...rather than creating a Test Plan for say, each product area or sub category, and then updating those existing test plans every time the code has an update. However..I get mixed guidance elsewhere. For example: &quot;Software Testing with Visual Studio® 2010&quot; suggests per-iteration. Another book, &quot;Software Testing using Visual Studio 2010&quot;, shows an example of per-product area. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sort of a Test noob. I am going to try really hard to get this right the first time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2857" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T11:56:32.413" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T19:23:44.730" Title="How to organize Test Plans in Microsoft Test Manager" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-15T13:20:49.583" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I have worked, testing is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; a first step into development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, when I'm interviewing candidates, I probe to see if that's how they view QA/testing. If they think it's a step into development, I usually don't hire them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T13:20:49.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-15T14:14:01.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firms hiring devs are going to ask you coding and algorithmic questions, they might also want to check out your github profile to see examples of your code. They are not going to ask about your QA experience&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T14:14:01.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-15T15:02:00.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Experience in testing may help you in programming better, but will not replace programming experience. Hence, as others stated, getting a job as a developer will require experience in development. Similarly, in many companies and projects, getting a job as a tester will require experience in testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears to me from your question, that you see testing as a simpler job than development. Well, that depends on a company, a project, and a team: what skills they require from a tester. For instance, my programmings experience helps me understand the code and system architecture, automate tests, debug system under test (bug isolation), etc. If you browse through this site you will find more about developers with large programming experience &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1772/going-from-development-into-qa&quot;&gt;moving from development to QA&lt;/a&gt;. Follow the links posted there and you will see how much developing and testing is interrelated. In the end, both are crucial parts of software engineering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T15:11:02.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-15T15:55:19.443" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is nothing wrong with having a plan for your career that involves more than one kind of job.  However, even if you want to be a developer, you need to take your QA job seriously.  As soon as you do a half-hearted job on a test plan because writing test plans does not help you become a developer, you reach a fork in the road: either you convince someone soon to hire you as a developer, or you risk getting fired from your QA job.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many overlaps between QA and development. For example, both jobs are well-served by someone who can communicate clearly in person and in writing, work productively with people who they don't always agree with,  learn every aspect of how to use a non-trivial piece of software, learn how software is put together, and trouble-shoot technical problems that may have multiple failure points.  If you demonstrate those skills in QA, it will be easier for you to move to development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there is some middle ground between QA and development, i.e. test automation.  A tester who can also write automated tests is a valuable tester.  On the other hand, a tester who refuses to do anything but write automated tests will have a harder time finding (and keeping) a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T15:55:19.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3649" CreationDate="2012-08-15T16:12:52.290" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no doubt that the IBM Rational tools could allow you to automate functional and performance testing.  However, there are many free and open source tools that also provide the same (or often better) functionality.  From my own experience working with proprietary test tools such as Rational (my experience was with Rational years ago, Silk and a bit of QTP) I would say that in general you get more support and faster turn-around using non proprietary solutions such as Selenium and JMeter.  There are also a lot more people using those tools, so finding information online is easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is pretty much the standard for web UI automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For performance testing of web sites and services JMeter is one option, or if you have a Visual Studio Ultimate install and licenses the Visual Studio Load Testing is what I prefer especially if the sites or services are hosted on Windows boxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T16:12:52.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-15T16:36:23.503" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a self-taught programmer with 14 years in QA experience (most of it as a Software Developer in Test).  My experience in QA helped increase my understanding of design, many different core/fundamental technologies (html, http, tcp, msaa, etc) and exercised my analytical and critical thinking skills, all of which helped prepare me to become a developer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I began writing code (starting with some simple tools, web sites/services and automation) there was a lot more to learn.  My QA experience was nice to have, but it was for the most part only indirectly beneficial to my ability to learn to write code well.  Being successful in QA does not necessarily correlate to being successful in development, I have seen great testers forced into development roles that did not enjoy it and were not as good at it.  I have also seen great testers turn into great developers and even some not so great testers turn into great developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have chosen to stay in a QA role (Software Development Engineer in Test).  I spend the vast majority of my time performing development tasks (spec'ing, mocking up, writing code, unit testing, etc).  Many large companies (Microsoft, Google, etc) only hire QA resources that can write code.  My pay is on par with what a developer gets paid.  I enjoy the breadth of projects and the variety of things I get to work on in this role.  Often a developer will get a lot of depth in one specialty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My point is that writing code is great, you have the option of staying in a QA role or not and still writing code.  You can also move into a development role or work on your own projects, do what makes you happy.  Just keep in mind that the road to becoming a great developer is a long one.  There is a huge difference between learning the basics of a programming language and learning all the ins and outs of a programming language and writing maintainable, performant, secure code using appropriate algorithms and design patterns.  By the end of your career 30 years from now, you'll still be learning new things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T16:36:23.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3650" CreationDate="2012-08-15T16:40:26.580" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Microsoft Test Manager and find that I center my test plans around releases. It might be helpful to have a separate Regression Test Plan with suites set up by product area that can be updated as code updates and so new test cases can be added as new features are implemented in existing product areas (or new product areas are added). There is some guidance out there that would suggest that regression suites should also be release/iteration specific so that organizations who are moving ahead with the product, but may need to hotfix an old release, can use the regression suite from that release to test the product. I tend to use this route and bulk copy my test cases since MTM/Visual Studio doesn't allow for versioning of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't believe there is a &quot;right&quot; way to do this all the time. I think it will depend on what works for the way your team/organization develops software and conducts testing. I think it is important to get started with the best guidance out there and you'll tweak it as you go along.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2726" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T16:40:26.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-15T16:54:09.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When talking with new college grads (freshers), about starting their career, I give two examples where starting in testing may be a good idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The best developers that I know are awesome at testing their own&#xA;code. I asked one senior developer why he spends so much effort to&#xA;get to 100% coverage on his unit tests. He replied that he wants to&#xA;be &quot;the man&quot;, not &quot;that guy&quot;.  Starting your career in testing is a&#xA;great way to learn test methodology that you can then apply later in your&#xA;career as a developer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another reason why starting a career in testing is wise, you&#xA;typically see the whole system, or at least a broader view of the&#xA;functionality, than if your entry was in development. Your role of&#xA;testing daily builds of Ubuntu probably has you interacting with many&#xA;parts of the OS. If you had started as a developer, you may be&#xA;focused only on a narrow part (for example, printer&#xA;drivers).  Starting in testing gives you a broader view of the&#xA;product, usually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, one of the most intellectually stimulating activities that I see is figuring out how to write software that tests software (instead of manual testing).  I'd recommend you start learning to program by writing programs to make your testing more effective.  You may just find what you are looking for right in front of you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2012-08-15T16:54:09.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-16T03:27:14.410" Score="1" ViewCount="7030" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried everything: click, send, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = ((WrapsDriver) selenium)&#xA;  .getWrappedDriver().findElement(By.xpath(LOGOUT_XPATH));&#xA;element.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;&#xA;try {&#xA;  Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;} catch (InterruptedException e) {}&#xA;&#xA;Actions moveTo = new Actions(&#xA;  ((WrapsDriver) selenium).getWrappedDriver());&#xA;&#xA;moveTo.moveToElement(element).click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I executed it, it works sometimes and does not work at other times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2938" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T09:20:47.787" LastActivityDate="2012-11-05T17:17:06.880" Title="Click event in Selenium webdriver is not working" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2012-11-06T22:08:22.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3646" CreationDate="2012-08-16T05:25:43.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jogo,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nice question.  I've upvoted your question because it's a good one as well as Bj's answer because (a) he's 100% correct and (b) his blog post on combinatorial testing with negative values is very good too.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my 2 cents.  I simply call them negative pairwise tests.  Technically, maybe I should add &quot;... with a mitigation strategy to address an error masking risk.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FWIW, here's what those tests look like in my company's &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hexawise&lt;/a&gt; test design tool.  I've taken the liberty of rewriting Parameter A to be a type of Card Used in a transaction, Parameter B to be an Expiration Date of the card, and Parameter C to be a Denomination of Payment.  Each Parameter has one valid Value and the same number of invalid Parameters in your example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, you'd enter your Values (and indicate any constraints):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0RBrR.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, (optionally) you'd add a few simple business rules to calculate Expected Results:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1WmCt.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Expected results for negative pairwise tests in Hexawise&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you'd calculate the results which have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A maximum of one negative Value per test, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected Results included&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r9bIs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;negative pairwise testing with error masking and expected results in Hexawise&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2012-08-19T02:25:44.730" LastActivityDate="2012-08-19T02:25:44.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3661" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3863" CreationDate="2012-08-16T11:46:06.063" Score="2" ViewCount="1894" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know, do we use &lt;strong&gt;Apache POI&lt;/strong&gt; when interacting with Excel Files for Selenium Webdriver (under JUnit framework) or is there any better approach? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if further clarity is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Saikat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2012-12-20T08:01:56.480" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T10:13:12.647" Title="JUnit Framework - Selenium Webdriver - Excel Input Output - Apache POI" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3673" CreationDate="2012-08-16T16:59:40.220" Score="4" ViewCount="25872" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to use &lt;code&gt;SOAPUI&lt;/code&gt; to send a request to a REST API. Is there a way to use variables?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g if the post request looks like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;   &quot;eventType&quot;: &quot;check&quot;,&#xA;   &quot;emailAddress&quot;: &quot;email@emailtesting.com&quot;,&#xA;   &quot;source&quot;: &quot;mobile&quot;,&#xA;   &quot;customerSegment&quot;: &quot;gold&quot;,&#xA;   &quot;custId&quot;: &quot;1111111111&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I use variables instead of let's say the value &lt;em&gt;gold&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2892" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T11:10:33.370" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T19:01:36.350" Title="Is there a way to use variables in SoapUI?" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3611" CreationDate="2012-08-16T17:57:45.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, this is more of a workaround than a true fix or answer -- and I'll award the bounty to any better solution -- but here's what I ended up doing. It checks to make sure it typed what I wanted it to type, and retries if not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def do_find(self, term):&#xA;&quot;&quot;&quot; interacts with the search form &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;for _ in xrange(5):&#xA;    textbox = self.browser.find_element_by_id('query')&#xA;    textbox.clear()  # for when we loop and search more than once&#xA;    textbox.send_keys(term)&#xA;    close_ac = self.browser.find_element_by_class_name('project_name')&#xA;    close_ac.click()  # close autocomplete so WebDriver can see Find button&#xA;    elem = self.browser.find_element_by_id('query')&#xA;    actual_text = elem.get_attribute('value')&#xA;    if actual_text == term:&#xA;        findb = self.browser.find_element_by_id('findbutton')&#xA;        findb.click()&#xA;        break&#xA;    else:&#xA;        pass  # retry because of rare send_keys() problem&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastActivityDate="2012-08-16T17:57:45.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3664" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-16T22:23:11.893" Score="2" ViewCount="976" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say I have this function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    def tearDown(self):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot; clean up by closing the browser window &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    self.driver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to skip closing the browser if the test failed or errored out (so I can examine what was on the screen when the test last left off). Is this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say I don't even care if the browser closes, because I can do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.driver.save_screenshot('path')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still need the &quot;if test failed&quot; logic to make that happen, so I won't have to dig through hundreds of screenshots to find the failed test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using nose as my test runner (&lt;a href=&quot;http://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T18:44:17.107" Title="Conditional statement for fail and error test outcomes in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3664" CreationDate="2012-08-17T02:24:43.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell, your question is more about Nose than Selenium.  You want errors and failures to do something that successes do not.  I do not have any experience with Nose, but the &lt;a href=&quot;http://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/plugins/errorclasses.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt; suggests that you could write your own ErrorClass plugin that will take a screenshot when the error/failure occurs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T02:24:43.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3611" CreationDate="2012-08-17T04:24:32.027" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the same error and couldn't isolate it either.  I basically wrote a wrapper for the sendkeys function which would check that the value entered was correct or would retry for 2 seconds.  My code is in java but it would be easy to write it in another language.  I see you have basically done the same thing though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2943" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T04:24:32.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2012-08-17T04:31:00.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find that using a combination of both gives you the most realistic results.  As the posters have already mentioned Selenium requires a large number of servers to get a similar load to tools such as jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you incorporate the browsermob proxy into your selenium tests (http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/blog/2012/automating-web-performance-data-collection-with-browsermob-proxy-and-selenium.html) and run the tests in parallel you get real browser performance for a user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atlassian also looks to be developing a tool using webdriver in this area (you can find it on their blog) which hopefully they will open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2943" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T04:31:00.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3491" CreationDate="2012-08-17T04:33:44.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't have to choose between a keyword framework and data driven.  The keywords can include creating data either internally or from a source.  I'm using Robot Framework to drive my tests, where I create keywords which randomize data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2943" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T04:33:44.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3669" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-17T05:48:04.257" Score="2" ViewCount="1118" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know about the best practices of Integration Testing for a middle-ware product. It includes several backends and also I want to test it over multiple platforms. The features of Clustering is also available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Irrespective of the product I basically want to know about the best practices of integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2870" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-08-17T19:22:54.180" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T13:59:22.627" Title="What are the best practices for Integration Testing of a middle-ware?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1391" CreationDate="2012-08-17T06:00:37.210" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QA&lt;/strong&gt;- To ensure whether the requirement meets the developed product.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QC&lt;/strong&gt;-Set of activities developed for evaluating a developed product    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing&lt;/strong&gt;-It is the process of evaluating a developed product with the    intent of finding errors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verification&lt;/strong&gt;-is the process of checking    whether the developing product(not the final product)  meets the    requirements,the verification starts from the development    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation&lt;/strong&gt;-Checking whether the developed product(final product)    meets all the requirements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detection-&lt;/strong&gt; To find bugs in the developed    system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2945" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T06:00:37.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3662" CreationDate="2012-08-17T14:14:30.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Got an answer from the SoapUI forum:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;depends where &quot;do the variables belong&quot;  - you choose a scope eg. custId (i believe it is sth like customerID) in TestCase scope, if you need the custId visible in all teststeps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lets have the example on TestCase scope - you go to Custom Properties tab in soapui (left bottom corner), create there a property (variable) you need = &quot;custId&quot; with value &quot;1111&quot;. Then this variable is accessible in all testSteps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;&quot;eventType&quot;: &quot;check&quot;,&#xA;&quot;emailAddress&quot;: &quot;email@emailtesting.com&quot;,&#xA;&quot;source&quot;: &quot;mobile&quot;,&#xA;&quot;customerSegment&quot;: &quot;gold&quot;,&#xA;&quot;custId&quot;: &quot;${#TestCase#custId}&quot; [-&amp;gt; will expand to 1111]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2892" LastEditorUserId="14669" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T16:47:56.643" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T16:47:56.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3662" CreationDate="2012-08-17T14:16:55.067" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;SoapUI supports something called &quot;properties&quot; which are essentially the variables you asked for.  After setting a property, whether manually or by a Groovy script, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/Functional-Testing/working-with-properties.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;properties&lt;/a&gt; can be included in your individual test steps.  SoapUI will expand a properties reference to whatever the property's value is.  Property references look like this:  ${property_name}.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Property: CustSegment = Gold&#xA;{ &quot;eventType&quot;: &quot;check&quot;, &#xA;&quot;emailAddress&quot;: &quot;email@emailtesting.com&quot;, &#xA;&quot;source&quot;: &quot;mobile&quot;, &#xA;&quot;customerSegment&quot;: &quot;${CustSegment}&quot;, &#xA;&quot;custId&quot;: &quot;1111111111&quot; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T14:16:55.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2370" CreationDate="2012-08-17T16:54:04.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scheduled tasks run in a &quot;headless&quot; state so they don't have access to a GUI.  I'm assuming that you're using the Firefox WebDriver.  Firefox may have a problem starting up in a headless environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you're better off using the HTMLUnit Driver with Javascript enabled.  The trade off you make for running headless is that the Javascript support in HTMLUnit isn't exactly the same as Javascript in FF, IE, Chrome or Safari.  Your mileage may vary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T16:54:04.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3664" CreationDate="2012-08-17T18:44:17.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't believe it was this simple, but this seems to work!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def tearDown(self):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot; clean up by closing the browser window &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    if not Exception:  # leave failed test windows open&#xA;        self.driver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T18:44:17.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3669" CreationDate="2012-08-17T19:35:16.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Aura.  Testing (and supporting) middleware is often complicated by the size of the compatibility matrix: between vendors, releases, and configuration settings, there can be an overwhelming number of combinations to test.  One good practice for integration testing, then, is to use something like an All-Pairs strategy to reduce the number of combinations you need to test.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=combinatorial&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=combinatorial&lt;/a&gt; for more about combinatorial testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course combinatorial testing involves running the same tests over and over again, but with different values for your variables.  If it takes a non-trivial amount of time to set up your tests (e.g. populating your database, creating accounts, installing servers), you may want to automate those tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-08-17T19:35:16.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3300" CreationDate="2012-08-18T15:25:50.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anytime ordinal position values for x,y coordinates or indexes are used in a test script there is a high probability of failure. Not only will the test throw a false positive if the object is moved, but also consider different screen resolutons, and different devices. In general ordinal values for objects is generallly not a good practice in robust test automation. A better solution would be to use object properties as suggested by Kanishka. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-08-18T15:25:50.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3680" CreationDate="2012-08-20T11:52:04.383" Score="7" ViewCount="1599" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a program which generates random numbers. How can I test if the random number generator is generating actual random numbers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2953" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-10-05T16:57:58.253" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T14:43:18.727" Title="Testing random number generation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3678" CreationDate="2012-08-20T13:26:12.633" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.johndcook.com/Beautiful_Testing_ch10.pdf&quot;&gt;this document&lt;/a&gt; - Chapter 10 of Beautiful Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a simple example, have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=340&quot;&gt;this example&lt;/a&gt; blog post from Alan Page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T13:26:12.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3678" CreationDate="2012-08-20T13:31:19.213" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;If numbers are being computer generated, they won't be truly random, they will be pseudo-random numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would head over to &lt;a href=&quot;https://math.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;math.stackexchange.com&lt;/a&gt; to get a good understanding of the problem you are trying to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good, related questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/40736/how-to-generate-real-random-numbers-with-some-random-and-pseudo-random&quot;&gt;How to generate REAL random numbers with some random and pseudo random&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/165028/are-these-numbers-random&quot;&gt;Are these numbers random?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also look in to ways you can automate the testing. To truly test this you will need to test a very large sample size, and then visualise the distribution of results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:22:09.990" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T14:43:18.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3678" CreationDate="2012-08-20T13:56:04.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;See for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_randomness&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_randomness&lt;/a&gt; for a list of possible tests to check randomness of the generator. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_number_generation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_number_generation&lt;/a&gt; gives pointers to other things you might be interested in your generator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T13:56:04.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3669" CreationDate="2012-08-20T13:59:22.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whatever strategy you come up with, automate it.  Please, for your own sanity, automate it.   @user246 has some really good suggestions about combinatorial testing.  I second that suggestion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since middleware, by definition sits between two systems that need to talk, your testing strategy will need to be able to ensure that your inputs to the middleware actually make it to the backing systems the way they're supposed to.  You may end up writing your own testing middleware to send inputs to the system under test then read the results from the backing systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing clustering means that you'll probably be manipulating real or virtual hardware depending on your environment.  I would check into &lt;a href=&quot;http://puppetlabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Puppet&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opscode.com/chef/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chef&lt;/a&gt; for infrastructure automation to make sure that your environment is configured exactly the same time, every time you run your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only short general answers can be given here since the field of SQA is large enough to occupy the learning of many lifetimes.  Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T13:59:22.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3684" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-20T15:20:24.147" Score="3" ViewCount="520" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's been my understanding that when using Test Lab in Quality Center, if changes are made within a script, i.e data/ criteria change those updates DO NOT go backwards and update the the case in Test Plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2956" LastEditorUserId="2338" LastEditDate="2012-08-20T21:13:55.833" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T21:13:55.833" Title="Updates to scripts in test lab" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3684" CreationDate="2012-08-20T18:39:44.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In version 10 of Quality Center at least modifying input or expected results makes QC to ask whether you want to update the test case in Test plan. I'm not actually sure if this is the case with scripts, but I would be suprised if not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you answer affirmative, the test case will be checked out for you and changes are updated there. You then need to check in the changes (or discard them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T18:39:44.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3686" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-20T18:55:53.380" Score="3" ViewCount="426" Body="&lt;p&gt;My coworker Chris came up with this, and it works, but I wonder if there's a more &quot;official&quot; way to do this using unittest.TestCase in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def tearDown(self):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot; clean up by closing the browser window &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    if sys.exc_info() == (None, None, None):  # leave window open on fail&#xA;        self.driver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T18:51:33.117" Title="More official way to leave browser window open upon failure?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1998" CreationDate="2012-08-20T23:15:07.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There seems to be a lot of information on the web about privacy but nothing so specific as it relates to testing it. However in order to test it you probably need to have experience in some / many aspects. From what I can tell there are several aspects to Privacy including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Technical: As Steve mentions it depends on the type of application, how data is transmitted and stored, etc. This would also related to how you track users, how you verify who's identity is in use, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Legal: Privacy laws for each country or state; laws for specific industries like Health Care, how legal jurisdictions work. Does the legal aspect cross other aspects?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Social: How does society value privacy and in what ways? What are the social norms and are they changing with social media? Is this area based on a lot of subjectivity - in the eye of the beholder? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ethical: What information should we collect? How should be it be collected? Are there certain groups of the population we shouldn't and others where we can collect more? Protecting your own privacy might fall into this area if you feel others can't be trusted to do it for you. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Historical: How do our past involvements with privacy influence our current views? What is the history of Privacy / privacy law in certain countries, states, etc.? Consequences? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others I can think of include cultural influences, tools that are used, people and organizations involved in the debate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't a comprehensive list but I'd like to get more input. Anyone see some category I've missed or have additional details on the categories? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--- Chris&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-08-20T23:15:07.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3689" CreationDate="2012-08-21T06:57:05.653" Score="12" ViewCount="1995" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is kind of general and not very specific.&#xA;We have a Java project that uses Oracle database. We are currently using SoapUI tool for the QA tests. Each test needs some data to exist on the database before it is run. Our current way of running the tests is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before each test we run a &lt;code&gt;.sql&lt;/code&gt; file (unique to the test) to load some data into the db&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We run the SoapUI test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We use a general &lt;code&gt;.sql&lt;/code&gt; file to erase the test data we inserted for the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go back to &lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt; and run the next test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage of this method for us is that each test runs on a &quot;clean sheet&quot; with it's own data and is unrelated to the other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The disadvantage is that each time during development when something changes in the db, for example a column was added to a table, we need to change all of the &lt;code&gt;sql&lt;/code&gt; scripts that inserts to this table instead of changing in one place, this makes it very hard to maintain the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to know what are some of the industry &quot;standards&quot; ways of doing this kind of stuff, or to hear more approaches to solving this problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2961" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2018-10-11T01:21:21.907" LastActivityDate="2018-10-11T01:21:21.907" Title="What best practices should be applied to data generation for QA testing" Tags="&lt;test-strategy&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3688" CreationDate="2012-08-21T07:30:28.713" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using SQL scripts, I would recommend using something like &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dbunit.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dbUnit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for importing your test data. dbUnit will generate database dumps in XML format (this will also allow you database-independent test data).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage is that you can write (build) scripts that will&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;import the dbUnit datasets,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run the database update SQL scripts on them (if you don't have these, you're out of luck anyway), and then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;export the dbUnit datasets again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this way, you get a completely automated update of your test data. Then you can still clean up after each of your tests, and just import the test data, retaining the &quot;clean sheet&quot; feature. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each test case would then work something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup: Import dataset via dbUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execution: Execute your test based on the imported test data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Teardown: Delete all database content&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a slight disadvantage, of course, and that is that preparing the test data will be a bit slower this way. - However, in my experience, this is more than outweighed by the automated updates as long as you generally keep your individual test datasets small and specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If importing datasets for each test case takes too long, you could also create groups of tests (and test data) and import datasets for each such group instead of for each single test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2809" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T12:38:38.650" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T12:38:38.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3688" CreationDate="2012-08-21T09:21:23.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I would write a test data generator that generates unique test data and pushes into the database via a direct api call as part of the setup for each test. That way you can run multiple tests in parallel and can scale up your automated test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience, if you are using SoapUI, you probably should be calling the applications API's directly from your test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-08-21T09:21:23.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3691" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-21T16:20:23.547" Score="3" ViewCount="293" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SilkTest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Silktest&lt;/a&gt;, so can anyone help me out to verify the Windows version and the IE browser that the test is about to run on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an inbuilt function that I could use in my test case that would actually pull th&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2966" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-22T18:44:28.870" LastActivityDate="2012-11-22T18:52:56.987" Title="Check for Windows version in Silktest Classic Open agent 2011" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3692" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-21T21:06:10.480" Score="2" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a distributed application which should be monitored. There are some modules which collect external data (disk usage, free disk space, CPU utilization, memory utilization, etc) and some internal data (number of nodes online, number of files in storage systems, number if users online, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main contradictory point in this question is that to check if these modules are working we essentially need to create the &lt;strong&gt;modules for testing framework, which duplicate the functionality of the modules under test&lt;/strong&gt;. There are some additional functions, for example, we can change some data to check if the collecting module reacts to that (create large file, get one node offline, etc), but in general it is the same functionality as the tested module plus more. It seems like a waste of resources to create tests which are more complex than the actual module itself and &lt;strong&gt;fully include its functionality&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is the best approach to testing such modules?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2970" LastEditorUserId="2970" LastEditDate="2012-08-24T19:47:04.973" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T19:47:04.973" Title="What is the best practice for testing against modules which collect statistic" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3692" CreationDate="2012-08-22T06:00:44.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is what your test objectives are: What exactly do you want to test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see two options here. Let's take the monitoring of free disk space as an example. By your tests, do you want to ensure that you can actually correctly measure the free disk space, or do you want to ensure that the graphs and statistics based on the free disk space data are correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want to test that the procedure that determines free disk space works, you will most probably have to actually let it work on a device, and that will be a lot of test effort (maybe you could try to create a device emulation to help you with that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I suspect that determining free disk space (and the like) would be just a system call for you, or you maybe use a third-party library for it. In that case, if you trust the system call or library to be working, you lose nothing by just mocking that system call and generating some controlled mocked free disk space data. The tests then focus on checking what your monitoring modules do with this data: Does the data have correct timestamps? Are moving averages computed correctly? Do the graphs work? etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2809" LastActivityDate="2012-08-22T06:00:44.850" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3691" CreationDate="2012-08-22T06:22:29.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the &lt;code&gt;SYS_GetName&lt;/code&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the doc:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Returns the name of the operating system on the target system, where the 4Test Agent is running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1429" LastActivityDate="2012-08-22T06:22:29.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-22T21:37:23.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me address this question step by step:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be good at testing (at least your own code) is really important to be good at coding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be good at something it is very useful to be doing &quot;just that thing&quot; for some time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is hard to take an step &quot;backwards&quot; in a carreer. This means working in &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;, later in &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt; and later in &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt; again is a little bit &quot;strange&quot; in a carreer. This means being at &lt;em&gt;coding&lt;/em&gt;; later &lt;em&gt;testing&lt;/em&gt; and later &lt;em&gt;coding&lt;/em&gt; again looks rare. If you are &lt;em&gt;coding&lt;/em&gt; and you like to, it is likely you are not going to try other thing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given all these, I think it is better/easier to have experience as a &lt;em&gt;tester&lt;/em&gt; before having experience as a &lt;em&gt;coder&lt;/em&gt; than going the other way (if you want to finish as a &lt;em&gt;coder&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2976" LastActivityDate="2012-08-22T21:37:23.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3697" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-23T12:00:03.507" Score="4" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a centralized database cluster (an Oracle RAC), which serves virtually all of our applications on behalf of all of our clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have always been very reluctant and very careful when making any changes, as any downtime could affect everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consequently, we have only applied emergency patches. By our definition, the need for emergency patches outweighs the risk of the potential side-effects. We only do this when needed - a very rare event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We were purchased by a much larger company. Now, as we continue to integrate with a larger organization, the company is hinting that we must get prepared to apply database patches on a regular basis - at least quarterly, and perhaps monthly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm faced with trying to find the time to regression test several dozen applications periodically, then releasing the database updates off-hours. I estimate that it would take about a week of dedicated testing by at least 3 testers to accomplish these regression tests. And of course I simply don't have that kind of time in the schedule, so I'm currently negotiating for additional headcount.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've spoken with other groups which were previously acquired by the parent company. They don't quite have the same problem, as they support only a single application each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering if others have faced a similar requirement, and if so, how you have handled it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you steal time from other projects to test the effects of periodic database upgrades?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have dedicated testers whose sole responsibility is to test infrastructure upgrades, rather than application changes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T16:31:54.367" Title="Advice for staffing and planning for database patches" Tags="&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3697" CreationDate="2012-08-23T13:31:06.407" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You didn't mention anything about automated testing of your applications or the DB.  For that additional headcount you mentioned, you could get a QA developer who's sole job is to write tests for your applications and the underlying DB. Even if the applications weren't written by you, they must have some kind of communication interface that you can point a test at. Over time, the time required to regression test the applications and infrastructure will diminish considerably. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find ways to automate your testing. On my project, automated testing reduced testing time for a web application from days of manual testing to mere minutes. We don't do any direct testing of the DB but we do make sure that all our applications are behaving properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If automation isn't an option or you can't get the headcount, you could do some smoke testing in a testing environment.  Identify some key functions that exercise a majority of your application's functionality then have your testers work on that.  You'll know that most of your application is working.  Along with this testing, if you keep a good list of which patches you've applied, that would help narrow down where a problem is occurring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T13:31:06.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3691" CreationDate="2012-08-23T14:56:05.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used SilkTest, but I understand that it supports C#. In C# you can get browser info via the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.web.httprequest.browser%28v=vs.71%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HttpRequest.Browser property&lt;/a&gt; and you could use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/3a8hyw88.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;System.PlatformID enumeration&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.environment.osversion.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;System.Environment.OSVersion property&lt;/a&gt;, or for more detailed OS info you invoke some Win32 APIs described &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2010/03/03/programmatically-detecting-the-operating-system-version-part-ii/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in my blog here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T14:56:05.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3702" CreationDate="2012-08-23T16:21:20.767" Score="3" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is why would I want to use rake, make, or ant in any of my automated tests.  I specifically use Ruby with Selenium-Webdriver and I have thus far used test-unit to wrap my test cases to make the results easier to read and to make suites of tests easier to run.  I want to grow my test environment but I am having a hard time understanding why I would want to use any of these tools.  Any advise is appreciated.&#xA;Thanks  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2974" LastEditorUserId="2974" LastEditDate="2012-08-23T16:29:11.737" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T17:23:47.567" Title="Why do I want to use Rake in Selenium Webdriver tests?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3697" CreationDate="2012-08-23T16:31:54.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company relies heavily on SQL backends.  We typically make many changes to both the database schemas as well as updates to the database software as needed during a release cycle.  We try to have these front-loaded towards the beginning of the release cycle so that we will have plenty of time to regress everything and ensure we have time to correct anything that might be significantly impacting our products in a negative way due to those changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a number of products that all rely on the same databases and common apis.  Some of the products we barely touch or don't touch at all, but because they also have dependencies on the same backend components, we end up having to regress them nearly every release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Historically we expected to fully regress every product every release.  We approached this two ways, mostly, we had a team of off-shore vendors who helped with our regression testing, the second was automation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going forward, we are trying to create more targeted automation so if changes are made to the databases and the interface to the databases to support those changes, we are able to run our automation against the interface directly to ensure that it won't have a negative impact on our products rather than needing to fully regress those products that are in maintenance mode and have no code changes.  Green makes a good point about automating the DB and interface.  If you don't have a solid interface that is the sole communicator between your applications and database, you might consider investing in one as it sounds like that could help reduce the costs of your regression testing quite a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T16:31:54.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3700" CreationDate="2012-08-23T17:23:47.567" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;rake, make, and ant are tools for building and running software.  Each tool came from a different background: rake from the needs of Ruby developers; make for Unix development, and ant for Java development.  These tools are very popular because they provide shorthand ways to describe common activities like compiling, linking, building libraries, and running tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a development organization already relies on rake/make/ant, then integrating new tasks into the development process is easier if they, too, work with rake/make/ant.  If your tasks do not work with those tools, you may create additional work for someone.  For example, if people are used to having ant or make take care of all the environmental setup associated with running a test suite  (e.g. installing software in the right place, configuring directories, setting environment variables), and your test suite requires doing that by some other means, you have created a reason for people to not use your test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, rake/make/ant are batch processes: you type a command on your computer or on a build machine and then wait for it to finish.  In my experience, build machines are often headless, and it is problematic running automated UI tests on headless machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I assume you ask the question because someone suggested to you that you should use rake/make/ant.  If that is true, and especially if they work with you, I suggest asking them about it and listening carefully while keeping an open mind.  It may be that their needs are different from yours.  Even if their needs do not make sense to you, it may be easier to give them what they want than to convince them that your way is just as good or better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-08-23T17:23:47.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3703" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3791" CreationDate="2012-08-24T04:22:43.093" Score="2" ViewCount="4949" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm able to query a HPQC database to retrieve execution information from the TEST and STEP tables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm also able to query for defect information from the BUG tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I'm struggling to find a way to fetch the list of defects that have been associated with a failing step/test - could someone provide me a query that can join tests to bugs, or point me to the table that contains this information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is on an old HPQC 9.2 instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-04T20:07:49.763" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T20:07:49.763" Title="Find the bugs related to test a run in Quality Center via database query" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3625" CreationDate="2012-08-24T04:33:25.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterprisetester.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enterprise Tester&lt;/a&gt; offers support for integrating with TFS, allowing you to synchronize incidents (what they call defects/issues) between TFS and Enterprise Tester, as well as supporting the synchronization of requirements/user stories from TFS across to Enterprise Tester as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The creation of requirements in ET, synchronized back to work items in TFS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can then create test scripts in ET, which are associated with the requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can then execute the test scripts and log incidents (defects) during execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The incidents raised are automatically synchronized back to TFS again as work items.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though not free, a single-user starter license is $10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T04:33:25.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3213" CreationDate="2012-08-24T12:46:54.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are running on Windows you can create a little executable that fills the popup and presses OK using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autohotkey.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoHotkey&lt;/a&gt;, and run it after driver.get()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it's not the cleanest solution, but it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T12:46:54.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2012-08-24T13:17:45.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR&#xA;Developer = Let's make something!&#xA;Tester = Let's blow it up!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I took my first job in QA, I would describe what I did to people this way:  I have a hammer and screwdriver and someone has just pointed me at a grandfather clock with instructions to tear it apart to find out how it works and, and...(this is the best part) I don't have to put it back together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, developers build the ivory towers, the gears and the guts of a system.  A tester's job is the systematic deconstruction of those towers, gears and guts to find weakspots and outright failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T13:17:45.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2945" CreationDate="2012-08-24T13:56:44.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For blocking single statement, use keyword &lt;code&gt;rem&lt;/code&gt; before the statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For blocking all statements, select all statements and press &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;M&lt;/kbd&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To Unblock all statements, press &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;Shift&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;M&lt;/kbd&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2990" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-01T13:13:14.463" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T13:13:14.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3723" CreationDate="2012-08-24T18:51:57.370" Score="0" ViewCount="1011" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was looking at a platform experience engineer job opening and I was wondering how that was different from a qa engineering position? Is it just qa for a platform rather than a product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2992" LastActivityDate="2012-08-28T12:35:54.407" Title="What is the difference between a platform experience engineer and a quality assurance engineer?" Tags="&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2012-10-31T21:41:38.933" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-24T19:55:51.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TESTING&lt;/strong&gt; IS THE FIRST STEP TOWARDS SOFTWARE QUALITY.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA person has a different goal than the developer, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;the developer wants to make it work, the QA person wants to make it break&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since they should be working closely with developers and learning dev languages/tools, a developer path is possible.Once you learn how to write software, your testing skills would greatly assist you in writing better, more reliable software, since you have been on both sides of the fence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2708" LastActivityDate="2012-08-24T19:55:51.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3688" CreationDate="2012-08-24T23:14:41.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are on the right path with the &quot;clean sheet&quot; approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be best if every test runs on empty database and it fills in data in the database as a part of its own fixture. But if you find yourself using a lot of the same kind of the data for a bunch of tests, then a XML import file would be best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your testsuite should clear the database before each test, load the xml file with the data, run the test and optionally clear the database if it's successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could make different test data files to be imported for each module of your application. So if you test the auth module, you would have test_auth_data.xml which would be imported only for tests from the auth module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For data that would be needed only for a specific test use manual importing, but if you could use some library tied with your ORM, so you use your data models.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem you mention about maintaining the same database schema between the development/production databases and the test database could be solved via database migrations. They could be applied to both of the databases and the migration version should be the same before the tests. You could read &lt;a href=&quot;http://guides.rubyonrails.org/migrations.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Ruby on Rails guide to migrations&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2106" LastEditorUserId="2106" LastEditDate="2013-01-21T12:30:15.403" LastActivityDate="2013-01-21T12:30:15.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2012-08-25T15:48:08.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think in the past, QA was equated with testing, and specifically manual testing.  Now, thankfully, the trend is towards automating as much testing as possible.  This automation requires programming skill and often more creativity in the application of various tools.  QA is also more recently involved in the whole life cycle of software including use of static scanning and analysis tools, metrics, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the short answer is I think that was true in the past, but I don't think it is true any more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2996" LastActivityDate="2012-08-25T15:48:08.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3713" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3714" CreationDate="2012-08-27T00:48:17.003" Score="12" ViewCount="14164" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I was doing some website test automation research, I stumbled upon &lt;a href=&quot;http://sahi.co.in/w/&quot;&gt;Sahi&lt;/a&gt;.  Open source, setup was easy, API easy to understand, javascript, java, ruby support, notepad ++ plugin, etc.  After trying it out for an hour or two, I feel more research is warranted.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The major red flag I found was was that there wasn't much written about it on blogs, and the community seems small.  So why isn't this tool more common?  For those who have evaluated it why did you choose something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastEditorUserId="1062" LastEditDate="2012-08-27T14:26:57.360" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T10:46:45.457" Title="Why isn't Sahi more common?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-07-03T17:37:08.007" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3713" CreationDate="2012-08-27T12:46:04.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is because Sahi Open Source offers only a very limitied functionality compared to other free tools/api's like Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sahi Pro costs USD 495! for functionality that you get from other tools for free like taking screenshots or grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2947" LastActivityDate="2012-08-27T12:46:04.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3345" CreationDate="2012-08-27T13:44:25.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about the part of the camera, but for mobile testing we have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeeTest&lt;/a&gt; with pretty good results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3003" LastActivityDate="2012-08-27T13:44:25.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3716" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-27T19:23:29.617" Score="15" ViewCount="18284" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing everything I can to learn about Software QA and Software Testing.  I've got a decent understanding of SQL and I'm applying that to MySql as that seems to be the most popular. I understand that QA folks should have a good understanding of that language and the RDMS's that relate to it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my last job, I worked very closely with the Dev team and did some front-end testing based on user complaints.  I could not necessarily say I did REAL Software QA stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am in between jobs and I would like to take a step in that direction. I'd like to start doing Software QA. Can you give me some ideas in regard to where I should start? I understand the Agile process and all that good stuff...but for instance, how does (in their everyday duties) a software QA person use SQL and why?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I mean is can you give a list of things that I should know and learn before I go for interviews?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3005" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:42:42.633" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:12:15.120" Title="What does a Software QA Person Need to Know to Perform Their Job (Essentially)?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3716" CreationDate="2012-08-27T19:46:16.387" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;SQL is specific to the project you're working on.  Knowledge of SQL may or may not be applicable to an SQA position.  I would say there are probably more SQA positions than not that don't have that requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most important thing for an SQA position is logical problem-solving skills.  Especially for entry-level SQA positions most of the focus will be on your problem-solving skills and communication skills.  Depending on their interview style they could ask you brain teaser/puzzle questions or ask how you would test something.  That something could be anything from a pen, to an elevator, to a web page, to a complex multi-tier application.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More important than the answer is how you approach the problem.  Interviewers will be looking for organizational skills (come up with a plan before you start), basic knowledge (did you cover all of the obvious, basic cases), creativity (What about all the edge cases), communication skills (Did you ask questions, or just make a bunch of assumptions), and broad coverage (What about performance, security, localizability, etc?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often they will look for basic QA knowledge as well.  Are you familiar with Black Box vs White Box testing?  What are functional tests, regression tests, localizability/globalizability tests, security tests, performance tests, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good resource for getting started with QA is the book Testing Computer Software by Cem Kaner.  It was pretty much THE resource on software testing for a long time.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0471358460&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.amazon.com/Testing-Computer-Software-2nd-Edition/dp/0471358460&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:12:06.093" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:12:06.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3716" CreationDate="2012-08-28T01:28:42.067" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Sam points out experience with SQL and/or with MySQL will greatly depend on the project and/or the company with whom you hope to work. SQL skills are one aspect of Software Testing that focuses especially on technology. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;James Bach, an expert in the field of Software Testing with 20+ years experience, published a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/images/testsyllabus.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tester's Syllabus&lt;/a&gt; for those who are interested in what &lt;em&gt;he&lt;/em&gt; thinks Software Testers should know. The idea being technology skills are just one piece of the puzzle. The syllabus has 9 areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;General Systems &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Applied Epistemology &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Social and Cognitive Science &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mathematics &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Folklore &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technology  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Process Dynamics &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Self-Management &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mytechfetish.com/2012/05/what-testers-need-to-learn.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;I've written&lt;/a&gt; about the meanings of each area based on a webinar I participated in with James as the speaker. The more I understand about the big picture of software testing, the more motivated I am to become a better tester. It becomes a way to differentiate myself from all the other testers out there.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the things Sam mentions (problem-solving skills, organization, etc.) fall into the categories listed above. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've already taken a step in the right direction to becoming a software tester (or SQA) by searching for more information on a problem you have. Now continue that search. Oh and if you are new to software testing, &lt;a href=&quot;http://testjutsu.com/2012/02/new-to-software-testing-read-this/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ben Kelly wants to welcome you (read this)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:11:37.047" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:11:37.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3713" CreationDate="2012-08-28T01:58:12.167" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: We are the authors of Sahi, and this answers the original post and the next answer by Tarken. This is of course biased, but I hope in a sense of fairness this will not be removed :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hi Steve Miskiewicz, you should definitely check out Sahi. Don't be worried about the blogs and online presence. The problem space of web automation is small. You find elements and perform actions on them. And make sure that it works on all browsers. Sahi guarantees that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other open source or commercials tools do, Sahi can do the same things at a fraction of the effort and maintenance cost. For example, Sahi does not need waits and so Sahi tests are much more stable.  It does not require ids and can work on ANY web application. Sahi does not use XPaths, but has wrappers around the DOM to find one element relative to another. It has recorder and accessor spy which works on all browsers. It is guaranteed to work on any new browser that is released, because it uses javascript to locate elements and trigger events. (Native events are over rated. They introduce brittleness in tests because they need focus. Even WebDriver does not use native events on all browsers, and actions like mouseover on IE causes problems because of cursor location) Sahi can work across domains, subdomains popup windows etc. with ease.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application uses extjs, zkoss, gwt or other such rich UIs, you will find Sahi to be very useful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hi Tarken,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screen shots have always been possible with a simple Sahi function. Screen shots are not what Sahi Pro charges for. Even open source Sahi can execute multiple scripts on say 5 instances of IE in parallel. If a screen shot is taken, the wrong window may be in focus. It is a choice to either focus on screenshots or run 5 parallel instances on a single machine without getting into multiple VMs, grid etc. Even here, Sahi Pro does have native focus and screen shots in the latest release. (And Sahi Pro has distributed playback too)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sai Pro charges for innovation, accountability and sustainability. Most organizations value these, and that is why Sahi Pro has a fast growing customer list. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want testimonials of the open source version, you may see some here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.zkoss.org/wiki/Small_Talks/2010/January/Making_ZK_Functional_Tests_With_Sahi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://books.zkoss.org/wiki/Small_Talks/2010/January/Making_ZK_Functional_Tests_With_Sahi&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;and here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sahi.co.in/forums/viewtopic.php?id=2582&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://sahi.co.in/forums/viewtopic.php?id=2582&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a different note, on posts like &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/606550/watir-vs-selenium-vs-sahi&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/606550/watir-vs-selenium-vs-sahi&lt;/a&gt;, posts in favour of Sahi have been (incorrectly) questioned for integrity. I believe it does not encourage Sahi's supporters to speak in public. I hope this post does not go the same way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3008" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-08-28T01:58:12.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3709" CreationDate="2012-08-28T01:59:42.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term itself is kind of subjective without more context. In your link you refer to Live Mesh and since someone felt the need to explain (although not very clearly) what a platform experience is it might be an indication how subjective it is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia has a definition to the term &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_design&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;experience design&lt;/a&gt; which may be a new or more prominent consideration in technology these days. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on what platform experience is there may be some overlap with software testing but it's hard to say for sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-08-28T01:59:42.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2692" CreationDate="2012-08-28T04:29:12.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yes, I am totally agreed with this statement. The decision on when and how to automate a suite of regression test cases can be challenging. &#xA;The common problem with automated regression testing is that many people consider it as a good idea but they don’t know when and how to automate the things. &#xA;Below are some key points that one should keep in mind before automating the regression test:&#xA;a) If someone is testing a software frequently.&#xA;b) It is also a must when we expect frequent releases and incremental changes to each release.&#xA;c)  And last but not least, regression testing is must when we have a large product with sporadic releases. &#xA;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3009" LastActivityDate="2012-08-28T04:29:12.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="118" CreationDate="2012-08-28T08:34:05.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Starts the project with run the jobs manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check all the source data is loaded into target or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write &lt;code&gt;SQL&lt;/code&gt; queries to compare source and target data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the column mapping document.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check surrogate key is generating unique value or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check surrogate key value is not null.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check primary key value is not null.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the count of source and target tables.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the business logic applied in the source table is showing correct      updated value in target table or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check is there any duplicates in target table.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check in target no columns is having null values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the basic points to do as a &lt;code&gt;ETL&lt;/code&gt; tester. If there is any other than that give me other contents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3011" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T07:13:04.083" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:13:04.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3709" CreationDate="2012-08-28T12:35:54.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with all positions the title means whatever the hiring company wants it to mean, nothing more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;QA Engineer&quot; might mean &quot;Tester&quot;, &quot;Standards Enforcer&quot;, &quot;Auditor&quot;, &quot;part-time Developer/Analyst&quot;, all of these, or none of these. I've seen them all. In my company, the team used to consist of &quot;QA Engineers&quot;, until we were purchased by a larger corporation. Now we are &quot;QA Analysts&quot;. Our role hasn't changed, just the titles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same might be true of &quot;Platform Experience Engineer&quot;. It probably means something like &quot;a person who checks to see if our applications conform to our standards for platform experience&quot;. Or perhaps not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check with the hiring company and with the job posting. Often the stated requirements give you some clues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-08-28T12:35:54.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3724" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-28T17:46:01.657" Score="2" ViewCount="4350" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find a way to export the list of JIRAS from a project, but respsecting the link hierarchy (issue is key, belongs, etc). The major restriction is that the JIRA setup does not have GreenHopper installed and I'm not able to access the admin to install external plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know any way to extract this type of report from the webclient, the desktop client or any external reporting tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Key      | Summary                               | Attributes ...&#xA;JIRA-1   | Main issue (is key issue)             | Atr  N ...&#xA;  JIRA-2 | Child issue (has JIRA-1 as key issue) |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2749" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T10:56:59.167" Title="JIRA: Export list of issues with link hierarchy" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3716" CreationDate="2012-08-28T21:43:20.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of things that it helps to know to be a good tester.  The specifics will vary by job.  And even if the specifics of this job are not directly applicable to the next job, the fact that you were interested and able to learn implies that you are valuable as a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another kind of knowledge that will also help you as a tester: knowing that your assumptions are wrong.  We spend our careers building up a repertoire of assumptions that allow us to make quick decisions, because life without assumptions is difficult, e.g. the sun rises every morning, it's safe to cross the road when the traffic light is green, Joe's code probably works, and if Bob's code doesn't work, it's probably a problem in his database code.  As a test person, you must be willing to question your assumptions over and over again.  This skill is intangible, hard to detect in an interview, and orthogonal to your technical skills.  Nonetheless, it is a hallmark of a great tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know whether you can buy a book or attend a conference that will teach you how to question your assumptions, but I believe it is something you can improve with the right kind of effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:12:15.120" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:12:15.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3728" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-29T12:08:08.067" Score="6" ViewCount="10839" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a complicated interface where uploading a file is three step ( The forum is not allowing me to add screenshots of my window so please try to visualise it)&#xA;step 1 click on browse tab and select a file to upload( This will create progress bar)&#xA;step 2 click on start upload button&#xA;Step 3 click on finish button&#xA;firebug information about the elements on the page have been pasted at the bottom of the page. Id of my browse button is fileInputUploader&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code I am using to try and upload the file is ( within my test class)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement upload = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;fileInputUploader&quot;));&#xA;upload.sendKeys(&quot;C:/Users/Deepankur/Desktop/Deepankur Folder/selenium Test Cases/test12.jpg&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's not doing anything&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not able to see that upload progress animation in step 2, so I can click on start upload and finish it. Any help will be much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the html for this section of my page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;padding: 20px; border: 2px solid #ccc; margin: 12px 0 0 0; width: 100%;&quot; id=&quot;multiUploader&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;input width=&quot;110&quot; type=&quot;file&quot; height=&quot;30&quot; id=&quot;fileInput&quot; name=&quot;fileInput&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;object width=&quot;110&quot; height=&quot;30&quot; type=&quot;application/x-shockwave-flash&quot; data=&quot;/core/webcore/swf/uploadify.swf&quot; id=&quot;fileInputUploader&quot; style=&quot;visibility: visible;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;param name=&quot;quality&quot; value=&quot;high&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;param name=&quot;wmode&quot; value=&quot;opaque&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;param name=&quot;allowScriptAccess&quot; value=&quot;always&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;param name=&quot;flashvars&quot; value=&quot;uploadifyID=fileInput&amp;amp;amp;pagepath=/core/root/&amp;amp;amp;script=/core/application/pApproval/uploadify.cfm&amp;amp;amp;folder=//192.168.100.51/client_data/CPM_ConcretePlatform_DEV/userUploads&amp;amp;amp;scriptData=project_id%3D19%26client_id%3D2172%26project_file_type%3D2%26file_zone_id%3D104%26file_zone_group_id%3D17%26parent_project_file_id%3D0%26approval_rule_id%3D10%26job_id%3D519%26status_id%3D17&amp;amp;amp;width=110&amp;amp;amp;height=30&amp;amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;amp;amp;method=POST&amp;amp;amp;queueSizeLimit=20&amp;amp;amp;simUploadLimit=1&amp;amp;amp;fileDesc=Please see the list of allowed file extensions under More Help Uploading&amp;amp;amp;fileExt=*.jpg;*.tif;*.pdf;*.qxd;*.eps;*.psd;*.zip;*.doc;*.ppt;*.xls;*.pdf;*.mov;*.ai;*.png;*.bmp;*.ait;*.dwg;*.dxf;*.flv;*.indd;*.txt;*.inx;*.gif;*.cad;*.docx;*.xlsx;*.pptx;*.mpp;*.m2v;*.avi;*.vob;*.mpg;*.wmv;*.mp4;*.m4v;*.misc;*.ppsx&amp;amp;amp;multi=true&amp;amp;amp;sizeLimit=26214400&amp;amp;amp;fileDataName=Filedata&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/object&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;uploadifyQueue&quot; id=&quot;fileInputQueue&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;a class=&quot;uploadButton&quot; href=&quot;javascript:$('#fileInput').uploadifyUpload(); uploadStartFinishButton();&quot;&amp;gt;Start Upload&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3018" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-06-28T13:44:09.083" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T04:40:00.240" Title="Unable to upload a file using selenium/web driver running with java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-05-05T03:11:56.497" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3729" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3733" CreationDate="2012-08-29T15:28:21.503" Score="10" ViewCount="925" Body="&lt;p&gt;We currently have a two-week sprint and we seem to have issues with timing between testing and development.  We have (nearly) daily releases to a test environment. We stage our release about 1.5 days before the production release in a separate environment. We have 3 developers and 1 tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One strategy is to test through these daily releases as features/bug fixes are code-completed. The drawback with this strategy is that the code base is in constant flux and what passed testing at the beginning may not pass at the end. There is a little bit of time to retest things during the 1.5-day window, but not enough to test everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other strategy is to stagger the testing so that the tester is working on the (frozen) codebase one sprint behind the developers. The drawback with this is that if problems are found, the functionality needs to be remembered/rehashed/etc - a lot of the arguments against the waterfall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any opinions about which way is better or an alternative?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3021" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:34:57.543" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:35:26.777" Title="Timing of development and testing in agile environment" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3730" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-08-29T15:50:24.523" Score="6" ViewCount="399" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to learn more about test automation as it relates to the QA process and there just doesn't seem to be a lot of resources out there.  For example, if I do a search for TestComplete (a tool I'm now evaluating), the first few pages of Google results are all links from the company's website instead of external websites referencing the tool or providing tutorials/tips/tricks, etc.  If I search for QTP even the company's own website for the tool appears elusive and there just isn't much online for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing I'm looking into is customized automation tools, ones that can I build myself in .NET.  Again, there's not a lot out there - hardly any books or websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the demand for test automation that low?  I would think with all the software in the world that test automation would be something that would be highly sought after or would at least be rapidly growing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Sorry for the delay, but basically I'm looking for two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) External websites (those outside the company's website) that discuss or provide tutorials on various tools, like things you would find with standard development tools, or even books that cover these tools.&#xA;2) Creating your own automated tools vs using existing tools - why go one route vs another?  Regarding the SQAForum website, it seems like all discussions focus on existing tools, but what about people discussing the creation of their own testing tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was searching for the Microsoft Automation UI framework specifically and only came up with a couple examples.  The book &quot;.NET Test Recipes&quot; is a bit old and there are some newer frameworks out there that wouldn't  be covered.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like most of the big companies that use SDETs rely on their own tools they create instead of out of the box tools, but discussion on creating these tools, tutorials, etc are more limited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2747" LastEditorUserId="2747" LastEditDate="2012-08-30T14:39:41.210" LastActivityDate="2012-08-30T16:48:53.723" Title="Resources for test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3729" CreationDate="2012-08-29T15:56:59.243" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the exact problem that bedevils the environment where I work, and have yet to find a strategy that works well and consistently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the strategies and techniques that help are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The testing specialist works with the coding specialists on the unit tests. Even if the testing specialist isn't a coder, knowing the coverage of the unit tests and discussing them with the coders allows more effective use of time across all the team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Following code completion, coding specialists perform manual tests. Discussion during unit test development helps people who don't have much experience with testing to perform happy path testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During development and exploratory testing, the testing specialist identifies core tests to perform in the last day and a half, as well as a small number of test sequences designed to flush out likely problematic areas. These get performed first, while code specialists are performing the acceptance and happy path tests. It helps a lot if the team is genuinely agile rather than &quot;scrum-fall&quot; or &quot;agile-fall&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation, whether API or GUI-based runs a sprint behind so that the automation specialist is working on a stable codebase. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frankly, in my experience, there is no best way - only a set of techniques and strategies you can use to minimize problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:35:06.970" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:35:06.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3730" CreationDate="2012-08-29T16:06:41.383" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a huge amount of material out there - what search terms have you been using ?&#xA;A quick search through testing blogs will soon find arguments about whether testers should know coding or not as there is so much demand for SDETs ( Sofware Developers in Test ) and plenty of discussion about Automation v Automagic ( TM Jim Hazen )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, if you search on the tool names then yeh, you're going to find the marketing bumf from the tool vendors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly are you looking for - info on tools or info on the approach you should take for automation ? What are you trying to automate - desktop apps, browser based apps, mobile, SAP ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For .NET there are a couple of books out there eg&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1590596633&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;.NET Test Automation Recipes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you've provided more info&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might be worth reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/magazines/2011-10/lightsabers-time-machines--other-automation-heuristics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; about automation and frameworks by Adam Goucher&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="1242" LastEditDate="2012-08-30T16:48:53.723" LastActivityDate="2012-08-30T16:48:53.723" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3729" CreationDate="2012-08-29T17:02:05.097" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to go fast, you need to assume that once something is tested and working in a cycle, it will continue to work in that cycle.  If you cannot make that assumption, you either need to spend more time testing (by yourself or with the help of others) or your developers need to deliver higher-quality code.  No one but you and your developers can decide how to deliver higher-quality code; the path you take depends on your circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the first few years, my company also had three developers and one tester.  Now we have four developers and two testers, but we still take a two-phase approach to test: a &lt;em&gt;feature test&lt;/em&gt;, where we focus on things that we know have changed, and then a &lt;em&gt;regression test&lt;/em&gt;, where we test across the whole product without regard to what has changed.  The feature test begins as soon as a feature is code-complete.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The regression test begins when most/all features are complete and feature-tested.  It is a safety net for catching bugs in areas that are presumably unrelated to what has changed.  Whether you need a separate regression test will depend on how your product is structured and how much it changes from one sprint to the next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:34:40.057" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:34:40.057" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1997" CreationDate="2012-08-29T21:52:05.047" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;driver = webdriver.Ie()&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eclipse is telling me that &quot;the method IE is undefined for the type WebDriver&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3022" LastActivityDate="2012-08-29T21:52:05.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-08-30T03:42:52.533" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;After doing a few such evaluations myself in the last five years I can share my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt; - Go with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.practitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PractiTest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main reasons for my recommendation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ease of use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customisability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has all the right/needed features to manage a QA process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integrates well with JIRA and a few other defect trackers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pricing is affordable and it is a very scalable solution - you can easily add or remove active users as per your needs and only pay for what you use on a monthly basis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support is simply the best&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Length:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The two top tools found (in 2012 when the question was asked) were &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/test-management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QAComplete&lt;/a&gt; from SmartBear and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qmetry.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QMetry&lt;/a&gt;. However, I have since found what I consider to be the perfect test management tool in terms of balance between functionality, usability and price: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.practitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PractiTest&lt;/a&gt;. It was developed by people who were heavily involved with QualityCentre and so it comes as no surprises that when looking for a product to substitute QC it nails most of the important functionality. It is also much simpler and easy to use then QC (of course that comes at the expense of some functionality). In one of my last roles we tried &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.inflectra.com/SpiraTest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpiraTest&lt;/a&gt; for 6 months with no success (this was around 2013) and eventually moved to PractiTest and it was a huge success. Uptake and satisfaction within the team was phenomenal. I've since used it on another project where likewise I had very good results. This is now my standard recommendation for a QC replacement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing I must say is that I never used their bug tracking features as we always integrated with JIRA, and so I can't comment on it. I'd say it will do for a small team but anything more than that I would recommend integrating with JIRA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/test-management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QAComplete&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qmetry.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QMetry&lt;/a&gt;:&#xA;They both have strengths and weaknesses so depends on your specific requirements one of them would suit your team more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a single tool environment (so requirements and defects managed in the same tool as the test cases) I would recommend QAComplete. It provides most of not all of QC features, it is very user friendly, has a great UI, customisable, allows bulk editing and in general is very easy to use. On the other hand its integration with other tools is luckluster: It only integrates with TestComplete and QTP as automation tools, and even that is not the best integration ever, mostly just results back pass\failed without specifics. It integrates with a few defect management and requirement managemenent tools however it does it in a weird way where everything is copied to the QAComplete db instead of a direct integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QMetry is more rounded, has a good UI, easy to use etc. It's test execution window is far from perfect (all tests are listed on one screen, passing\failing a step is 3 clicks etc.) but everything else about it is pretty good. Where it shines is in integration, especially with Jira (which has complete two way integration - you can even create a test case from a Jira ticket from within Jira!) and with various test automation tools. It also has quite a good custom reporting capability where you can write custom reports to suit your needs.&#xA;Where it falls short is in Customer Support where in a few instances our issues were not resolved and we basically did not get confident about it after dealing with them a few times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another worthwhile mention (and cheap!) alternative is Spiratest (which is great functionality wise, has great integration with various other tools but has an outdated UI). However due to the clunky UI it didn't end up working out for one of the organisations I used to work for as mentioned above, so definitely demo before committing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also want to have a look at &lt;strong&gt;TestRail&lt;/strong&gt; (good but not as feature rich), &lt;strong&gt;Zephyr&lt;/strong&gt; (mostly very good, lacks a central repository of tests functionality, expensive), &lt;strong&gt;TestLodge&lt;/strong&gt; (stopped looking at it when I saw there is no breakdown to steps), &lt;strong&gt;Testuff&lt;/strong&gt; (didn't feel it was quite mature yet, but this was 1.5 years ago).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very interesting conclusion I came out of those tool search adventures with was that &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;QC is actually an excellent tool&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Might sound obvious but after excellent experience with TestComplete as an automation tool I was expecting that similarly there would be good alternatives to QC, however all the alternatives were still not as great as QC (even with its numerous shortcomings). However on the price front many of those tools compete very well with the HP offering and in terms of value for money beat QC quite handily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you have any specific questions about any of the tools and I will try to answer to the best of my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 1:&lt;/strong&gt; had to remove some hyper links due to limit on new users&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 2:&lt;/strong&gt; updated my answer to include PractiTest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3023" LastEditorUserId="3023" LastEditDate="2015-09-02T06:31:36.620" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T06:31:36.620" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3729" CreationDate="2012-08-30T07:11:00.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my humble opinion, there are two things that are key to solving this: You have to automate most of your testing, and you have to use a strict test-first approach. Doing this you will be able to specify the tests first and run them immediately and automatically for each release. You'll catch any regressions that way, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this is not easy to implement at all. Some things are way harder to automate than others. And also, automating tests first (especially UI tests), depends on a mature test and development infrastructure. One hint would be to use data-driven and keyword-driven testing (and definitely not any kind of record/replay).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will always be a need for some manual testing, even if just for exploratory testing, but the first step towards testing in agile projects will always be to automate as much as you can, and as soon as you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2809" LastActivityDate="2012-08-30T07:11:00.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1216" CreationDate="2012-08-30T10:49:57.083" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;sanity testing means we have to go through every main part in detail we can avoid parts who have low severity&#xA;and &#xA;in smoke testing we have to check each and every part in cursory way...each and every parts should be tested&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastActivityDate="2012-08-30T10:49:57.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3345" CreationDate="2012-08-30T11:41:45.923" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use the selenium webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3024" LastActivityDate="2012-08-30T11:41:45.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3730" CreationDate="2012-08-30T12:02:50.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Almost any major framework or tool is customizable, meaning that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can code your own verifications and pass/fail logic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can run external tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can customize logs and push/pull of test results in some way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-01.ibm.com/software/awdtools/tester/functional/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rational Functional tester&lt;/a&gt; uses Java language, &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; uses C# (if you wish to use .NET), and Sikuli uses Python (but it isn't mature enough).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I work, software testing has recently grown in importance, but simply our managers can't fully understand how it works (unit tests, integration tests, functional tests...) and what can be automated and what can not.&#xA;Also &lt;em&gt;automated testing&lt;/em&gt; is often misunterstood and interpreted as &lt;em&gt;testing done by the machine so having immediate results&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is mainly my experience, I hope it answers a part of your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2012-08-30T12:02:50.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3724" CreationDate="2012-08-31T04:09:11.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it helps, you can configure JIRA to show a column with the linked issues. You can then export this to Excel, and use the table formatting features in Excel to get the view you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform a search in JIRA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/display/JIRA/Customising+your+Issue+Navigator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Configure the issue navigator&lt;/a&gt; to show the 'Linked Issues' column&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Export this to Excel by selecting 'Views' -&gt; 'Excel (Current fields)'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Excel, you have a column named 'Key', and another column called 'Linked Issues'. Format this as required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have misunderstood the output you need, I would suggest reposting your question over at &lt;a href=&quot;https://answers.atlassian.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://answers.atlassian.com&lt;/a&gt; where  somebody with more JIRA expertise is likely to see it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers,&#xA;Mark&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3027" LastActivityDate="2012-08-31T04:09:11.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3097" CreationDate="2012-08-31T12:17:10.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use SCTM and we use exploratory testing a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use SCTM to track the areas we've tested by creating manual test cases that are really no more than a brief description of the area/function that we intend to test. Sometimes we also refer to charters when we use SBTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We then use SCTM to track the execution of these exploratory tests&amp;nbsp;— works well for us, and we clearly see more potential in this going forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3029" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:42:11.660" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:42:11.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3346" CreationDate="2012-08-31T17:32:00.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Building off of @Bruce McLeod's answer with Selenium.  Using Selenium WebDriver to do what you want to do isn't terribly hard. Briefly, this is how it could be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, web tests built around Selenium WebDriver only open one browser session and perform all operations on that session.  However, there's nothing stopping you from opening up two browser sessions and performing the same operation in both sessions then comparing the results like so...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Begin test&#xA;ie = openBrowserSessionIE()&#xA;chrome = openBrowserSessionChrome()&#xA;&#xA;ie.open(url)&#xA;chrome.open(url)&#xA;compareResults(ie, chrome)//non-exhaustive comparison of page elements&#xA;&#xA;ie.click(xpathToElement)&#xA;chrome.click(xpathToElement)&#xA;compareResults(ie, chrome)&#xA;&#xA;close(ie)&#xA;close(chrome)&#xA;//etc. etc.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll want to compare only the essential features of each page since an exhaustive search is really going to slow down your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-08-31T17:32:00.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3744" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-02T17:16:13.927" Score="4" ViewCount="20117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in a small Agile development team with no automated testing. We use Scrumwise to keep up with development. The above answers address the question with automated tests and hardening testing at the end of the project. I got dinged in regression testing after each sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I do regression testing at the end of each sprint?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3033" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-01T10:31:45.733" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T10:30:04.727" Title="When should I do regression testing during each sprint?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3744" CreationDate="2012-09-02T22:09:01.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is your confidence level that regression issues won't be introduced ? What is the risk of releasing with possible regression issues ? Why is there no automated testing (checking) ? How do the devs know their code works, what testing are they doing ? Why do you think you are Agile if your code is not backed up with automation ? If you can't move forward with confidence it doesn't sound very agile to me...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="1242" LastEditDate="2012-09-03T02:40:01.773" LastActivityDate="2012-09-03T02:40:01.773" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3744" CreationDate="2012-09-04T13:29:26.647" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regression testing should ideally happen on every single code commit (and if you've got a good build pipeline, this means doing testing on every single build). This ensures that if a bug has been introduced in the latest commit, that it found as quickly as possible. If you only have to go back one commit to fix a problem, that's super easy to fix and troubleshoot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-09-04T13:29:26.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3751" CreationDate="2012-09-04T16:56:44.297" Score="5" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MFAT = &quot;Multiple Factors at a Time&quot;&#xA;OFAT = &quot;One Factor at a Time&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the field of Design of Experiments, practitioners in a large variety of fields (including software testing) have found that an approach that varies multiple factors at a time in each test case is often preferable to an OFAT approach.  This is because, MFAT approaches are often much more efficient (e.g., actionable information is revealed in fewer experiments), and effective (e.g., more complete information is revealed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm aware of many examples of MFAT approaches (like pairwise) being used successfully in functional software testing but have not seen many examples in performance testing.  There may well be tons of examples but I'm relatively experienced with performance testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm seeking specific examples of where MFAT approaches have been successfully used in performance testing.  I've found articles and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.questioningsoftware.com/2012/05/what-is-performance.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog posts&lt;/a&gt; where people advocate MFAT approaches be used in performance testing (in addition to OFAT approaches), but I'm asking this question because I'm seeking first-hand experience reports and/or experience-based advice for when it might be especially important to test for possible interactions between different performance testing variables.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The image shown below is from Ben Simo's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.questioningsoftware.com/2012/05/what-is-performance.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt; encouraging performance testers to use run MFAT tests in addition to running OFAT tests.  Do you follow this advice when doing performance tests?  If so, has it been useful?  If not, why do you feel an OFAT approach is sufficient?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MW68W.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Image from Ben Simo&amp;#39;s blog post &quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2012-09-04T19:38:13.480" LastActivityDate="2012-09-04T20:54:07.430" Title="In performance testing, when have MFAT approaches been successfully applied (in addition to an OFAT approach)?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3744" CreationDate="2012-09-04T19:42:55.143" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that you have a suite of unit tests the developers are running which is essentially your first line regression suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The purpose of a functional regression test suite is to help ensure that code churn didn't destabilize existing functionality, especially across dependencies. In general, the functional regression test suite should be ran every build (e.g., daily if you are getting daily builds). Having an automated regression suite helps achieve that goal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your current situation where you are running manual tests I would recommend that you still run them after each build. But, you may have to limit the size of your regression suite to critical tests, then execute lower priority/critical tests as time permits. You can also limit your suite by running tests in functional areas that had code churn and any dependent areas as well. This is not ideal, but it may expose you to less risk then running your regression tests once per sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-09-04T19:42:55.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3749" CreationDate="2012-09-04T20:54:07.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the goal of your testing, the system and how complex it is, how easy it is to monitor, how much information is logged and I'm sure some other factors that I am missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can give you specific examples of where I have used MFAT in &quot;performance&quot; testing and it made a lot of sense.  I put performance in quotes because it is generally used as a catch all that includes other kinds of testing like scalability and load testing whereas I like to keep it separate to include only tests that measure the performance of specific actions in the system (like a response time from a web service for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In extremely simple architectures, like let's say a web site with a lot of static content it is easy to test a few things at once.  I can pretty easily run my load tests in a step load pattern (incrementing traffic by x every y minutes) while also running my performance tests in another process.  This will tell me how fast response times are (speed) at different levels of load, as well as give me information on reliability at different levels of load, and eventually will also tell me where the peak load I can handle is (scalability) before the system becomes unreliable or so slow that it no longer meets our performance goals.  This does not necessarily address availability, but it does give me some clues that can help determine if the system will be reliable. For example, I can say with fairly high confidence that if during the step-load test we see the memory usage growing exponentially that we have a memory leak (or at the least an issue with inefficient garbage collection).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In highly complex architectures it may also be useful, however for this it depends a lot more on how much you can monitor and log.  For example a web service that takes data, processes it, stuffs it into storage (sql, hadoop, etc) and another service that reads from the storage, processes the data again and sends a response to a web client.  Pinpointing bottlenecks in this system can be difficult.  You might get better results using OFAT if there is very little logging or monitoring done, however if the system is good enough at monitoring itself and logging information you could get away with MFAT.  You also need to watch out for gotchas, for example your storage may be tuned for fast reads or vice versa, for fast writes - so you need to be putting load that will both write and read simultaneously otherwise you can miss some serious issues.  You may be able to pump a ton of data into the system no problem, you might have another test that reads a ton of data no problem, but when you try to do both, you can run into locks that cause severe performance problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also found that when I get pulled into performance testing there are often constraints on how long we can use the hardware and/or the available window for executing the tests.  In these cases again you can get some additional coverage by using MFAT to reduce the amount of time it takes to complete your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-09-04T20:54:07.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3752" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3754" CreationDate="2012-09-05T02:08:59.887" Score="2" ViewCount="3355" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm about to develop a performance testing tool for a server side app and was thinking to measure the following things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hardware status monitoring via SNMP,&#xA;Statistics about response status and respose time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it viable to check for things like well-formed xml or valid json strings?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What other things to test to be present or to monitor/track, etc?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3040" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-05T03:04:09.953" LastActivityDate="2012-09-05T16:42:20.977" Title="What parameters to test in a performance/stress testing tool?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3752" CreationDate="2012-09-05T12:51:06.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the things you mentioned, I would want to know the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Failure Rates as the request rate increases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response times as invalid responses are submitted. (This would catch if your exception processing is taking up more time than handling a &quot;normal&quot; request).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Analyzing the responses for well-formed XML/JSON may be too much processing to do if you're only using one machine to test with.  You wouldn't want to run the risk of skewing your results because your local CPU couldn't keep with processing the server requests/responses AND making sure that the responses are well-formed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-09-05T12:51:06.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3752" CreationDate="2012-09-05T14:27:08.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;user1108631, welcome to SQA.  Depending on how the terms are used and who you are talking to, performance tests can be a different beast from stress tests.  For brevity, I will only refer to performance tests, but I think my answer is applicable to both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is hard to answer your first question without knowing more about the server.  If a performance test does nothing else, it needs to measure whether (and how quickly) the server responds under load.  Of course it is also important that the responses are correct.  In order to keep your test resource requirements within your budget, your performance test may need to accept a lower standard of correctness than your functional tests would.  For example, instead of checking everything about a response, you may need to be satisfied that the response contains the expected status code.  You may need to experiment to find the right balance between keeping your performance test  manageable and detecting the kinds of problems you expect to arise.  If the first thing that goes wrong when your server is under load is that it starts returning poorly formed XML/JSON, you may need to check for that.  Otherwise, it may not be worth the expense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your second question, you can think about two kinds of metrics a performance should capture: capacity metrics and diagnostics.  Capacity metrics describe the system's capacity, e.g. number of concurrent users, responses per second,  duration between request and response, and so on.  (The specifics depend on the service your server provides.)  Diagnostics are measurements that help you understand why things go wrong, e.g. memory footprint, number of concurrent database connections, CPU load, and anything else you can think of that's constrained by hardware or by configuration settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-05T16:42:20.977" LastActivityDate="2012-09-05T16:42:20.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3755" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3756" CreationDate="2012-09-05T22:33:42.067" Score="11" ViewCount="2731" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working hourly for low wage as a QA intern/tester. I want to learn more about this field. I have already graduated, so everything I have learned is self taught or learned somehow on the job. At my job we only do manual testing, but it's not much of an experience anymore. I've been here a year (while looking for new jobs but having trouble getting calls back).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it would be nice to see example of real QA engineers automation scripts that they made at work and how hard it was or how long it took&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user3043" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditorDisplayName="user3043" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T13:26:38.790" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T09:28:35.700" Title="How can I switch from manual testing to writing automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3755" CreationDate="2012-09-05T23:06:53.713" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've got quite a few questions in your one question, but overall it sounds like what you want answered is: How can I learn to write automation so I can switch from a 100% manual testing role into a role that involves writing automation.  I'll get to answering that one, but first... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, if you are already manually testing in your current position, why not start by trying to automate some of the scenarios that you are manually testing now?  It will show initiative on your part, make your job easier and could potentially get you a raise or promotion (depending on the company/team and how successful the automation is).  Trying to go out and find a job that requires you to write automation with no experience writing automation or at least experience writing code is going to be difficult if not impossible.  If for some reason your company is adamantly against automation and you need something else to write automation for, look into any open source tools online and see if you can help add automated tests for those tools.  This would give you a side benefit of learning a lot about those tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You said &quot;my main GOAL is that I want to learn automation, right now its only a theory to me i dont even know how people do it or learn it, googling is not really helping either&quot;.  I'll try to give you a simple explanation...  Automated tests are any test that a program executes via direct calls to an API (or web service or sql query, or etc) or via simulated mouse and keyboard actions rather than manual user input.  Automated tests can be created and executed through the use of record and playback tools, or by executing an application that makes calls into automation libraries (such as selenium) to simulate user actions.  If that sounds vague, that's because it is - automation can be so many different things.  One &quot;type&quot; of automation that is probably the most common is UI automation and might be a good place to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most QA folks that I know with no programming or automation experience started with some simple UI automation.  Selenium is a great tool to learn to write UI automation because it is relatively simple and widely used in the industry to test web pages.  There are tons of examples and documentation online - &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&lt;/a&gt; - in all languages including python - &lt;a href=&quot;http://coreygoldberg.blogspot.com/2011/07/python-getting-started-with-selenium.html&quot;&gt;http://coreygoldberg.blogspot.com/2011/07/python-getting-started-with-selenium.html&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://python.dzone.com/articles/python-getting-started&quot;&gt;http://python.dzone.com/articles/python-getting-started&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-09-05T23:06:53.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3755" CreationDate="2012-09-05T23:33:40.660" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, many (most? almost all?) test automators learned on their own, although I suppose a quick web search would turn up some training companies in your part of the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've only been testing for 1 year, and are bored already? That's not a good sign, and perhaps this isn't the field for you. Testing/QA/Test automaton - all can indeed be boring at times. But perhaps you'll find automation less boring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest finishing what you have already started and finish the python book. (It's important to prove to yourself and others that you can finish something.) Then move on to other books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for opportunities at your current work to utilize some of what you have learned. Good test automators can find many, many such opportunities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to learn how to make web crawlers, but don't even know what a web crawler is? What leads you to want to make one in the first place? You may wish to start by learning what they are first (a few searches will help you learn).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck, practice patience, learn automation by doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-05T23:33:40.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3755" CreationDate="2012-09-05T23:58:16.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about learning testing ? Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=502&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt; this blog post&lt;/a&gt; from Alan Page for a somewhat different view of automation and testing. ( hint, good automation is not just automating a manual test )&#xA;Picking up a copy of Everyday Scripting With Ruby by Bruan Marick for ideas on how automation can be used in a number if ways to help testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And try &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/magazines/2011-10/lightsabers-time-machines--other-automation-heuristics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; from Adam Goucher&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-09-05T23:58:16.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3755" CreationDate="2012-09-06T10:07:56.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jacob, if you want to look on some examples for Selenium Webdriver + Python, &#xA;then I would advice you to search the &lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/UjXgw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;code on Github.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T09:28:35.700" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T09:28:35.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3762" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3783" CreationDate="2012-09-06T14:10:05.530" Score="1" ViewCount="401" Body="&lt;p&gt;Were currently using a custom TFS Workbench template for our stories, testcases and bugs. We are now looking to move across to TFS 2012 and use the new templates that come with that. Is there a way or a utility that we can use to migrate everything across without copy and pasting everything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="786" LastActivityDate="2012-10-10T18:05:27.800" Title="Is there a way to migrate test cases &amp; bugs into tfs 2012 from 2010" Tags="&lt;tfs2010&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3755" CreationDate="2012-09-06T14:30:26.787" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Jacob.  First of all, it is understandable that a low-wage intern would want to find a higher-wage job.  It is certainly possible to make a decent living as a manual tester.  You said you are looking for a new job but are having trouble getting calls back.  When I graduated from college, I had no idea what was important in a resume.  If you have any doubts about the quality of your resume, you might try asking someone you respect to review it for you.  (If the way you wrote your question is indicative of how your wrote your resume, you might have trouble getting HR people to take you seriously.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA automation is the intersection of two skill sets: testing and programming.  Testing can be boring at times, but to be good at QA automation, you need to be good at &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; skills.  If you want to program but don't want to test, you may find that QA automation is not for you.  (And if your real interest is to use QA automation as a stepping stone into development, read &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3648/software-testing-a-first-step-to-development&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the best way to get started in automation is to automate your QA setup tasks.  Almost any testing job involves setup tasks that are repetitive, time consuming, and/or error-prone.  Writing some code to make those tasks faster and/or consistently correct will save you time, and may even save time for your co-workers.  (For example, the automation might install software for you, or create test data, or configure files a certain way.)  An advantage of this kind of automation is that its benefits are &lt;em&gt;measurable&lt;/em&gt;.  If you do something that is measurably beneficial, your manager will be more willing to let you spend more of your time that way.  And measurable successes are great things to put on your resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-09-06T17:40:27.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3764" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3765" CreationDate="2012-09-06T22:35:58.167" Score="18" ViewCount="1640" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read various places that explicit sleep statements are bad practice in automated tests, even if I've used them occasionally. They can be annoying (creating unnecessary waiting in tests) but I can't think of any examples of why they're actually harmful.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are some examples of sleep statements causing harm in automated tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-04-23T11:31:17.447" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T11:31:17.447" Title="What Are Some Examples of Why Explicitly Sleep Statements Are Bad?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3764" CreationDate="2012-09-06T23:10:11.737" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;A hard coded sleep statement is generally supposed to represent some sort of mocked delay in the application that doesn't exist during testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The harmful aspect of this is that a hard coded value can't represent the complexity that actually exists in what it's mocking. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take for example a network delay. Your production system usually takes 4 seconds to go out over the network, take some data, and come back over the network with the result. So you simply mock up the data, toss in a 4 second delay, and give it back. Sounds simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it is simple - almost too simple. If something on your network changes, your test is now inaccurate. You can't see how the routine will react under abnormally heavy or abnormally light network load. In other words &lt;em&gt;you're trying to test what you cannot control&lt;/em&gt;. You're making something repeatable (with the 4 second sleep) that really isn't repeatable (no run over the network will ever be the same twice).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if the correctness of the test relies on an invalid and potentially often changing assumption, then what does that say about the reliability of the test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-04-23T11:30:54.230" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T11:30:54.230" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3764" CreationDate="2012-09-06T23:10:22.360" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In software, there are a couple of ways to wait for an event to occur.  One way is to cause the event to notify you.  Sometimes that is possible, sometimes not.  Another way is to poll: you wait a while, check whether the event has occurred and if it hasn't, you do it again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A variation of polling is to wait a while and then &lt;em&gt;assume&lt;/em&gt; that the event has occurred.  Of course, if you do that, you had better have waited long enough.  Sometimes an explicit sleep represents a guess at a wait time.  That guess might be fine in one circumstance but wrong in another.  Your guess may be wrong as soon as you move to a slower machine, a slower network connection, or a server that has slowed down because it is having to work harder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-04-23T11:29:06.983" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T11:29:06.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-09-07T10:00:51.650" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.debugmode.com/wink/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wink&lt;/a&gt;, it's very light because it captures a screenshot on each click or keystroke.&#xA;You can export to PDF for printing or make it a Flash video.&#xA;It works on all Windows versions, recorded projects tend to grow huge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2012-09-07T10:00:51.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3764" CreationDate="2012-09-07T11:16:55.330" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main harm occurs when the time value you use in your Sleep statement isn't appropriate for the current instance of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your script might Sleep for 4 seconds, because that's how long it took for some important object to appear when you created your script. Then the script moves on with actions using that new object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when you re-run the script, there's no guarantee that the object will appear within 4 seconds this time. Your script which depends on the object being present after 4 seconds might fail, or run amok, or report errors - all of which you must later analyze.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you intended to script was &quot;Sleep until the desired object appears&quot;.  Sometimes &quot;Sleep 4 seconds&quot; doesn't represent that intent very well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hard-coded Sleeps make your script less tolerant of varying timings, more brittle, and less likely to carry out the actions you intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-07T11:16:55.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3764" CreationDate="2012-09-07T18:11:21.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, when the test wastes your time – that is harmful I think.  But, it depends. &#xA;Example: you have several test environments. MachineA is hight performance real machine. MachineB – is a slow virtual machine on the remote server in the middle of Antarctica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On MachineA you need 1 sec. sleep. On MachineB you need 10 sec. So, you make Sleep(10s) in the code which wastes the MachineA performance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now your test time depends on the slowest machine in your lab. &#xA;Let’s say you have 100 tests with a single 10 seconds delay. 100*10 = 1000 sec = 17 &#xA;minutes of wasted time per each run on high performance workstations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On my previous project, we had to fight a lot with Sleeps and have reduced the test execution from 12 to 9 hours for 1200 tests. My colleagues that used came to the working place early did not wait additional 2-3 hours for the test suite before it finishes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But anyway we left some sleeps that we were not able to fix fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-04-23T11:30:25.200" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T11:30:25.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3771" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-09-08T13:48:23.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a comprehensive list of terminology of software testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.csc.villanova.edu/~tway/courses/csc4700/s2004/testing_glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T12:33:25.653" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T12:33:25.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3772" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-09-08T13:48:23.183" Score="0" Body="For questions concerning proper naming of events, activities, practices, or tools used in SQA. Using a proper terminology helps team collaboration and hence improves the overall quality of a Product." OwnerUserId="2482" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-09-08T15:53:01.503" LastActivityDate="2012-09-08T15:53:01.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3773" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3777" CreationDate="2012-09-08T06:15:57.863" Score="1" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I change mantisbt so it can have a RFP type issue. Basically I want to publish a link to my website. And potential clients can go to my mantis and report an RFP issue. RFP issue should have different fields than a Bug issue. Also a Bug issue is project specific but RFP is not like that. And all RFP issues should be private to reporter. I have some public projects too. I dont want someone else get project Idea by reading an RFP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could I do it in mantis? If there is any other open source PHP based bug tracker that supports such mechanism please mention. My preference is to use mantis as I am using this for many other projects already. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3053" OwnerDisplayName="shiplu.mokadd.im" LastEditorUserId="3053" LastEditDate="2012-09-09T04:07:34.427" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T13:08:40.713" Title="Setup MantisBT to accept RFP" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3744" CreationDate="2012-09-09T01:49:52.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems you already know the answer.  We don't have automation and I can't manually test every build but when I test at the end I find problems too late (you should test them all the time).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to develop automation!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice I didn't say specifically test automation.  Automation is really the key to delivering  quickly.  Adding pieces to your automation pipeline will increase speed and reduce the feedback loop.  Start with small stories and build your way up.  Break it up into small chucks, don't try to solve everything at once.  Automate a build, add unit testing to the build process, automate deployment, create automated smoke tests, integrate them to deployments.  Automate regression tests and run them as often as you can, expand, expand, expand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastEditorUserId="1062" LastEditDate="2012-09-09T04:09:37.290" LastActivityDate="2012-09-09T04:09:37.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-09T11:44:41.540" Score="5" ViewCount="245" Body="&lt;p&gt;As part of our recent recruiting effort we need to decide on the best approach for choosing automation engineers.&#xA;On the one hand software engineers, or programmers, can write great automation software, faster and better leaving the &quot;what to test&quot; to others. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand engineers with solid testing background but only with basic programming skills might be able to write good-enough automation but with much better &quot;what to test&quot; in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I worked with both types and seen advantages to both, but with no conclusive winner.&#xA;Am I missing something ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T19:41:51.573" Title="Automation engineers- general purpose vs. dedicated" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3775" CreationDate="2012-09-09T16:49:04.307" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are not missing anything.  &quot;Software engineer&quot;, &quot;programmer&quot;, and &quot;engineer with solid testing background&quot; are general terms that could describe a wide spectrum of personalities and abilities.   Any of those terms could describe a great automation engineer or a terrible automation engineer.  And of course there are many other aspects of the candidate that you did not mention but which are just as important to evaluate during the interview, e.g. curiosity, interest in the job, compatibility with the test of the team, ability to communicate clearly in person and in writing, and organizational skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you just have to pick something, pay attention to what happens, and adjust as you go along.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-09-09T16:49:04.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3773" CreationDate="2012-09-09T20:10:15.560" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why would you want to use a bug tracking system for tracking issues in a Request for Proposal? You could just do that via comments / editing features in the word program you use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use Google Docs to create a spreadsheet and put a link to that public document on your website for reporting RFP issues. Better yet you could create an RFP issues document for the specific doc and include the link in the RFP for issue tracking.  Wouldn't you want RFPs to be non public?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Google Docs you could control who had access to them but you wouldn't need to create / manage different users. You could create a read only template and every time you need to create one, just make a copy and begin editing it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't really a testing question but I hope this brainstorming will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="3053" LastEditDate="2012-09-10T13:08:40.713" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T13:08:40.713" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-10T10:28:01.127" Score="4" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;A real life example- &#xA;Linux Kernel &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; feature &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt; was tested and released,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Linux Kernel &lt;strong&gt;A+1&lt;/strong&gt; feature &lt;strong&gt;B+1&lt;/strong&gt; was tested and released&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now feature &lt;strong&gt;B+1&lt;/strong&gt; is ported back into Linux Kernel &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I call the testing of the this third stage ? Regression is the closest thing, but technically it refers to combinations that were tested before and are being retested now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T12:09:26.203" Title="How would you call backward porting testing?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3779" CreationDate="2012-09-10T11:35:50.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps &quot;Backwards Compatibility Testing&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T11:35:50.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3779" CreationDate="2012-09-10T12:09:26.203" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't call it backward porting testing at all.  Within &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;, the feature from &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt; is brand new, making it &lt;strong&gt;A+2&lt;/strong&gt;.  It's a new feature in its own right.  The fact that &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;A+1&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;B+1&lt;/strong&gt; were tested and found stable doesn't guarantee that &lt;strong&gt;A+(B+1)&lt;/strong&gt; will be bug free.  There isn't another name for that other than &quot;testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T12:09:26.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3764" CreationDate="2012-09-10T17:48:36.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a series of about 50 Selenium tests that take less than 10 minutes to run.  I've been able to cut the execution time down by several minutes by writing the tests in such that no &lt;code&gt;sleep()&lt;/code&gt; is required to know when the output has arrived.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find that when I use &lt;code&gt;sleep()&lt;/code&gt; in my tests that it's a kludge for when I don't have a good way to actually monitor the state of the thing I'm testing for when it's actually finished with what it's doing.  Using &lt;code&gt;sleep()&lt;/code&gt; amounts to &quot;Are you ready yet? Are you ready yet?&quot; @Dmitry Zhariy points out that adding sleeps enforced delays in your tests.  This is bad.  Your tests should always run as fast as possible.  If there are unavoidable delays in the operation of your project, so be it (but try to see if you can find a way to make even those go faster.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-24T19:37:27.857" LastActivityDate="2012-11-24T19:37:27.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3762" CreationDate="2012-09-10T18:02:35.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was the second link on Google on &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.damianbrady.com.au/2012/06/03/upgrading-tfs2010-tfs2012-rc-done/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TFS&lt;/a&gt; migration. The instructions seem fairly complete and straight forward.  Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-09-10T18:02:35.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3509" CreationDate="2012-09-11T02:38:01.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my former work we were using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%E2%80%93gate_model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gate process&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;In practice that meant you have: &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fixed inputs for the testing (the software, documentation, tools).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And at the end of testing you provide:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fixed output (&lt;strong&gt;test report&lt;/strong&gt; supported by entries in bug the tracking system).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test process was described by a document called &lt;strong&gt;test plan&lt;/strong&gt; which included: Time estimate, Testing scope, Test types to be performed ... etc. The test report was one of the input for the &lt;strong&gt;go meeting&lt;/strong&gt; where was decided if the monthly update will be released to customers or postponed.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The test report was quite straightforward. Aside of description of testing environment and the testing inputs, contained a list of tests performed (regression, functional, performance, integration) along with the result: passed/failed. When test failed it had to be cooperated by an incident number. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;This is just my practical experience from the point of view of everyday testing. It's not a complete methodology, but it might help. Esp if you google something more about the Gate process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2352" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-09-16T17:17:54.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3775" CreationDate="2012-09-11T16:02:42.050" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The hiring decision really between a developer with limited testing knowledge and someone with testing experience and limited coding skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, hiring developers with no/limited testing knowledge will get you &quot;automated tests&quot; that are barely a notch above unit tests in complexity and value because the &quot;test automator&quot; lacks an understanding of testing paradigms which will limit the overall effectiveness of their automated test designs. (so while they may write code faster it may not be necessarily be 'better.')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other extreme, testers with little programming background tend to automate things that replicate a bunch of steps through the UI attempting to emulate a rudimentary sequence of repetitive actions. This automation also provides little long term value and tends to require a lot of maintenance costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to think that there are more folks who have a solid understanding of software testing coupled with solid programming skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pool of potential candidates should not be limited to these &quot;either/or&quot; profiles. But, if you need software testers and you can't find well rounded software testers who are multi-faceted then the best course of action may be to hire people who are a good fit for the team and then invest in that person and help them either obtain the knowledge/skills they lack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T16:02:42.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3318" CreationDate="2012-09-11T19:33:14.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an authoritative source for Samsung and Apple devices in the United States: &lt;a href=&quot;http://assets.sbnation.com/assets/1286669/Apple_v_Samsung_US_sales_numbers.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://assets.sbnation.com/assets/1286669/Apple_v_Samsung_US_sales_numbers.pdf&lt;/a&gt;.  It turns out that this summer's Apple vs Samsung court case had the side-effect of releasing lots of confidential data about those vendors into the public domain, including some per-model sales statistics for both Apple and Samsung.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T19:33:14.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3775" CreationDate="2012-09-11T19:41:51.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the past three years, I've spent all of my time consulting to test automation groups in a variety of organizations.  My clients' test automation focuses entirely on basic happy path and boundary case tests.  &lt;strong&gt;In that context&lt;/strong&gt;, I would go with good programmers with little testing skill over good testers with little programming skill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test automation is software engineering.  Automated tests are software.  Like other software, the majority of the cost happens after the code is initially written.  Writing software that reduces those ongoing costs is hard.  It's real programming that takes just as much skill as writing applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience is this:  Testers who have a little programming skill can usually write automated tests that work.  Their code tends to be procedural, and filled with lots of incidental details, such as GUI terminology, test framework terminology, or literal data values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally they have not developed skill in abstracting important concepts from the details, such as classes, &quot;page objects,&quot; and other common test automation patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, they have not learned about how to write code that is expressive, with low coupling and high cohesion.  As a result, their code poorly describes the responsibility being tested, and it's difficult to change.  Given that automated tests have to change in response to changes in both requirements and implementation, and that these changes happen regularly, the difficulty of changing the tests creates a great deal of pain.  Further, when the test fails, the code and the stack traces give little aid in diagnosing the failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've talked with scores of people about successful and failed test automation programs.  The ongoing cost of automation is one a huge contributor to test automation program failure.  (Actually, the biggest factor is not the cost, but people's &lt;em&gt;surprise&lt;/em&gt; at the cost, but that's a story for another day.)  Initial cost matters.  Ongoing cost matters more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, not all programmers are great at programming.  If you want a great test automator, you'll need some reasonable way to assess programming skill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you will also need testing skill.  Given the ongoing expense of test automation, you'll want to make sure the tests you automate are worth the cost.  Programming skills can reduce the costs of automated tests, but you'll need testing skills to make sure the automated tests test provide value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a few rare and delightful exceptions, I have not been able to help testers improve their programming skills to any great degree.  I have, on the other hand, been able to help programmers improve their testing skills and practices, at least for the kinds of basic tests that are the core of most test automation efforts.  Perhaps some or all of the difference can be attributed to my coaching skill and style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to reiterate that my experience is entirely with people automating fairly basic happy path and boundary tests.  If you're doing performance testing, security testing, or some other kind of test that requires specialized skills beyond the basics, I don't know how to advise there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And no matter what amount and type of test automation you're doing, you will also want people with excellent testing skills to do exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T19:41:51.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2768" CreationDate="2012-09-11T20:48:05.033" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A heavier weight solution that may net you more flexibility/control in the end is to run all your tests in a VM on your local machine.  With a VM, it's fairly easy to setup snapshots so you can be sure that you're resetting your testing environment to a specific, known point every single test run.  That's freakin' nice.  You can minimize the VM window and not have it intrude at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, because the tests are run in a VM and you're using WebDriver, it may be possible to run all the tests concurrently against all your target browsers. (I'm not super familiar with WebDriver and SeleniumServer so I don't know if this can be done.  I assume it can.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2012-09-11T20:48:05.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3703" CreationDate="2012-09-12T13:22:37.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Turns out this was easily done using the LINKS table - here's an example of query to retrieve all the RUNS a bug is associated with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT DISTINCT LN_BUG_ID as BugId, LN_ENTITY_ID AS EntityId&#xA;FROM td.LINK&#xA;WHERE LN_ENTITY_TYPE = 'RUN'&#xA;UNION&#xA;SELECT LN_BUG_ID, ST_RUN_ID&#xA;FROM td.LINK&#xA;INNER JOIN td.STEP&#xA;ON LINK.LN_ENTITY_ID = STEP.ST_ID&#xA;WHERE LN_ENTITY_TYPE = 'STEP'&#xA;UNION&#xA;SELECT LN_BUG_ID, RN_RUN_ID&#xA;FROM td.LINK&#xA;INNER JOIN td.RUN&#xA;ON LINK.LN_ENTITY_ID = RUN.RN_TESTCYCL_ID&#xA;WHERE LN_ENTITY_TYPE = 'TESTCYCL'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T13:22:37.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3792" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-12T13:42:31.097" Score="2" ViewCount="419" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work on a test management tool that includes a REST API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are looking to add code examples for consumption of the API as well as client libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially we were looking to target Python for our examples, because it's a popular language for teaching etc. so there are plenty of good online resources for upskilling people who may not be a full time developer, to a level where they could then write simple scripts against our API's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testers who also do scripting/automation etc. - is there a trend towards any particular language that I need to be aware of - or do testers generally adopt the same languages as are being used by their development team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T09:50:21.760" Title="Language preferences in the QA community" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3792" CreationDate="2012-09-12T13:58:02.670" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going with my favorite response here: it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the decision is made because that's the language the tool supports. Sometimes the language is a flavor of the language used by the development team - this often happens where there's an expectation that the development team will be writing at least some of the test automation code. Sometimes it's the language the most experienced automator prefers. And sometimes it's the language the offers the best match to the problems you're using automation to solve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, so long as everyone in the team can pick up and work with the automation, I don't see much difference between different languages. In your position, I'd look for the language that gives you the cleanest and simplest access to the API without imposing too high an adoption cost to your team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T13:58:02.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3792" CreationDate="2012-09-12T14:14:49.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you aspire to upskill people who may not be full time developers, it may not be enough to target a single language, no matter how popular it is.  A full time developer worth their salt should be able to translate any popular language to their own favorite language, but someone with less development experience may need more help getting started.  If it were me, I would choose a few languages -- perhaps Python, Java, and something from the .NET world -- for examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might also devise a way to get feedback on languages that I &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; have covered.  If a single smart-aleck asks for examples in Fortran IV, I might ignore them, but if lots of people request examples in Ruby, I might try to accommodate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, you did not mention what functions your API provides.  Does the API allow tests to post test results?  Is it for managing test cases?  Depending on the feature set, integrating with the management tool might be more of an IT function than a QA function, in which case your audience would be IT people with light programming experience rather than QA people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-12T14:21:42.220" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T14:21:42.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3792" CreationDate="2012-09-12T17:19:40.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should pick up the same language your development team is using.  It fosters better communcation and collaboration in teams. It also gives the added benefit for testers stuck on a issue to use the knowledge within thier development community and developers have the ability to write tests (sweet!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be honest, you are always going to have execeptions to this.  Like when developing software, there can and will be multiple languages in use.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everyone will have thier own opinion on what would be the best language to use.  If I had to take a shot at what is most common I'd say Java, Python, Ruby, and vbscript(QTP!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a side note: You might want to check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;soapUI&lt;/a&gt; for testing REST APIs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T17:19:40.553" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3792" CreationDate="2012-09-12T18:09:14.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general I agree with Steve that the language of the test code match the language of the product code. The reason for this is to avoid artificial translation layers between the test code and the product code. However, this is not always possible or feasible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I would not recommend choosing a language because it might be popular, or that you think it might be easier to teach people who need to be 'upskilled.' (Teaching people to code whether it is application or tests should be grounded in programming concepts, data structures, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once folks learn programming concepts, you should also consider languages that are appropriate for the type of automation you want/need because there are some significant differences between programming languages that could impact your automated test effort. For example, a dynamic scripting language may be appropriate for automating a relatively small set of UI tests that exercise elements on web pages, but those same languages may not be the best choice for high volume automation (e.g. 250K+ tests on daily builds), or tests that target API integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T18:09:14.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3792" CreationDate="2012-09-12T18:23:02.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One answer to your question is to look at this site which measures popularity of programming languages: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will see that both Java and C# top Python in that list and all 3 of these languages are popular in the QA community.  Note that this does not speak to how popular these languages are in the QA community alone, only overall popularity.  My entire career has been at 2 companies, both of which have used C# (almost) exclusively in QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T18:23:02.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3798" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3804" CreationDate="2012-09-12T19:29:48.450" Score="15" ViewCount="9618" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just started automating all the tests our team has (~5000). I'm using Telerik Test Studio for the Silverlight automation. I have some tests written, but I'm quickly realizing that with each test it's becoming harder to maintain. Here are some things I'm wondering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Telerik, each test seems to have its own Elements Page, even though they're testing the same Silverlight page. Can I not just reference another test's Elements Page? That would make copy/pasting steps a lot easier since then I wouldn't have to add the elements to each test's Element Page individually.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does automation allow for running tests on different computers? We have some tests that find folders through a SL directory browser dialog, but even though I'm navigating to tests through object name (not by point/click mouse movement) if I run these tests on another computer it won't properly navigate to that directory. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are there any good books that can help a beginner learn best practices so I don't create 5k automated tests that aren't maintainable?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2855" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:37:29.337" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:38:58.017" Title="Good resources/tutorials/tips for beginner doing automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3798" CreationDate="2012-09-12T20:25:14.523" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I generally focus on three principles for maintainable automated tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hide incidental details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name every important idea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eliminate duplication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a paper where I describe these principles in more detail and apply them to a difficult-to-change test: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dhemery.com/pdf/writing_maintainable_automated_acceptance_tests.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dhemery.com/pdf/writing_maintainable_automated_acceptance_tests.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The paper uses one particular test tool (Robot Framework), but the principles are likely applicable in other test tools as well.  Here is a nice 15-minute video where Robert Martin's applies these principles using FitNesse: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.objectmentor.com/articles/2009/12/07/writing-maintainable-automated-acceptance-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.objectmentor.com/articles/2009/12/07/writing-maintainable-automated-acceptance-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never used Telerik, so I don't know how well Telerik supports the kinds of abstractions I normally use.  But if you write tests using some kind of general-purpose programming language, the principles in my paper apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, there's a lot more to test automation than these three principles.  But if you master those, your tests will be more maintainable than most.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:38:58.017" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:38:58.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2012-09-12T21:15:07.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is a page URL a property of the Page Object ? What if a number of different URLs lead to the same page ? Also, what if the URL is used to pass some parameters, do you if at all deal with that ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of my pages don't know (or care) about the URLs that lead to them.  When I have pages that I want to jump to directly (rather than navigating to by following links on other pages), I often bundle the knowledge of those URLs into a &quot;site&quot; object or &quot;site navigation&quot; object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What fields do your page objects have except for WebElements and a WebDriver instance ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly private static fields (Java) for the locators for the interesting elements on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't usually store WebElement objects for use across page operations.  Instead, I create fresh ones for each operation.  Usually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My page objects often use a polling DSL to poll for various conditions.  So pages generally also hold a poller or default timer that I can use in my poll expressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do you initialize your page objects ? In the constructor? Using a factory method ? Do you use the PageFactory class provided by WebDriver ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My page object constructors merely stash the WebDriver instance and whatever other parameters they'll need later.  I work very hard to make sure my page objects do no real work in their constructors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I almost always create factory methods that hide the incidental details of calling the constructor.  So instead of writing this in my test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test public void disasterRecovery() {&#xA;    ...&#xA;    new HalPage(webDriver, site, defaultTimer).openThePodBayDoor();&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... I'll write this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Ignore(&quot;Random failures. Cause unknown. Adaptive AI probably makes recovery unnecessary.&quot;&#xA;@Test public void disasterRecovery() {&#xA;    ...&#xA;    hal().openThePodBayDoor();&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;private HalPage hal() {&#xA;    return new HalPage(webDriver, site, defaultTimer);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I find that I'm creating the &lt;code&gt;hal()&lt;/code&gt; factory method all over the place, I'll often move it into a &quot;fixture&quot; base class which provides numerous common factory methods.  I'm becoming nervous about this practice, because over time the fixture base class becomes bloated with factory methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another practice that I currently use extensively is to bundle those common page parameters into some kind of &quot;context&quot; object, and hand that around instead of the individual parameters.  Lately I'm feeling queasy about this practice, because the context objects tend to collect many disparate objects, which increase coupling and reduces cohesion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are your page objects ever responsible for browsing to the appropriate web page or do you depend on an &quot;external force&quot; to do the browsing ? In WebDriver terms, do your objects ever do driver.get(&quot;URL&quot;) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never have pages that do that.  I assign all site navigation responsibility to a &quot;site&quot; or &quot;site navigation&quot; object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common pattern with page objects is: When a page operation navigates to another page, the operation will return a new page object that represents the destination page.  Lately I prefer not to do this.  The practice couples each page to each of its destinations.  Instead, when some method invokes a page operation that leads to a new page, I make the invoking method create the page object for destination page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T21:15:07.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3802" CreationDate="2012-09-12T21:16:27.490" Score="3" ViewCount="827" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started as an intern working full time and fast forward a year I asked for a salary and got it. I went from 10 dollars to 42k a year, I asked for 45k and he said thats &quot;impossible with our budget.&quot; Initially he countered with 40k and i said thats too low and he was like &quot;well dont take it than&quot; but eventually caved in for 42k. My reasoning for 45k was not just an analysis of others but that i have a degree in is and regardless, someone with a degree should make 44-45k starting some what easier ..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that a little bird told me that this position should be paying 50k. See, I am a &quot;jr qa engineer&quot; which is made up here, im the only one. The others are &quot;qa engineers.&quot; I am no jokes, doing the EXACT same work as these &quot;qa engineers.&quot; Often they ask me for help on remedial tasks, making me question what their real salary is. According to glassdoor and friends of friends, the lowest is 47k and highest 57k. I am surprised at 57k since its a small private company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to me 42k sounds fair as a lower position, but this MADE up position makes no sense. I am doing the same work so i should have the same title, am i just being naive? this makes perfect sense to me. He wont make me an engineer because i have 1 year of experience, im almost fine with that but i dont like the idea he gives me the same work and expects the same results as me as the other engineers for a portion of their pay. I know if i go in and try to negotiate again hes going to either rescind it or tell me to deal with it, i like him and hes reasonable but i wish he would consider the fact that i do the same work as every one else! if i got paid 5k less, fine, but its almost 10k&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry im not sure if this is an appropriate question here but this is the only place i know i can ask questions about SQA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Btw this is for a job that is strictly manual testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user3043" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T00:16:32.490" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T00:16:32.490" Title="Is my pay fair, just based on the fact I have little experience" Tags="&lt;qualification&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3801" CreationDate="2012-09-12T22:25:15.463" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The pay depends on a lot of factors (as anyone would tell you):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The work you are &lt;strong&gt;hired to do&lt;/strong&gt;.  If you work better than others, you are not likely to get a pay hike right away.  Even in a good company, they will wait for a year to see your performance, and you might be promoted sooner.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;industry&lt;/strong&gt; - For QA jobs, a technology company is likely to pay more than let's say a financial company.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Geography - Definitely southern CA jobs will pay you more than AZ, and bay area companies will pay even more.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Experience and skill set&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good way to find out your worth is go for some interviews if you are able to and find out what other companies are paying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe 42k for a manual testing job with 1 year experience does not sound bad.  If you like the work, and if you see yourself gaining knowledge and experience in the direction you want to, then that would be worth more in long term than 4-5k.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For any given job, you can always find someone else working less and getting paid more :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T22:25:15.463" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3801" CreationDate="2012-09-12T23:18:44.787" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You accepted $42K, so it's fair. Otherwise you would have rejected the offer and sought  employment elsewhere, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that you are doing the same work, or more, than someone else has no impact on your pay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think you are being mistreated, then leave and see if you can find a company that is willing to pay you more. Otherwise, stop worrying about what someone else is making.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of it this way - if they fired all the QA Engineers, and replaced them with Jr QA Engineers making 40K, would you expect to get a pay cut? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your degree plus 1 year of experience may or may not be valuable to your company. Saying &quot;someone with a degree should make 44-45k starting&quot; has no meaning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you decide to stay, work harder than everyone else and be patient. In a year or so, you can perhaps ask for a promotion and a raise, and perhaps at that time you'll be so valuable that they will give you a big raise. If they do, it will because you are now more valuable  than just a former intern with only 1 year of experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are worth what the market says you are worth. You decided to accept $42Km so that is currently your worth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-12T23:18:44.787" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3798" CreationDate="2012-09-12T23:31:03.963" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;I presented to the Portland Selenium Users group about creating maintainable, reliable and self-documenting UI automation and I think there's a lot in there that would be relevant regardless of whether you're using Selenium or not.  The presentation slide-deck &lt;a href=&quot;http://files.meetup.com/2891252/Selenium%20Beyond%20the%20Page%20Object%20Pattern.pptx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://files.meetup.com/2891252/Selenium%20Beyond%20the%20Page%20Object%20Pattern.pptx&lt;/a&gt; and more importantly the code sample &lt;a href=&quot;http://files.meetup.com/2891252/BeyondThePageObjectPatternSln.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://files.meetup.com/2891252/BeyondThePageObjectPatternSln.zip&lt;/a&gt; are both posted at the meetup web site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell, in the code example, I implement the same test case 7 times, each time applying a step that helps you build better UI automation.  The steps are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove sleeps and replace with polling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add Logging and Comments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move code to a driver or abstraction layer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move code to startup/cleanup methods and config class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move element initialization to a page class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create helper functions in the page class for common activities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use data to drive the tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the example, the lines of code used to implement a test case start at 85 lines of code, jumps up to 164 lines of code and dramatically ends at only 10 lines of code with most of the functionality abstracted away into helper functions, or the initialize functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:38:50.080" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:38:50.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3806" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-13T10:38:58.847" Score="4" ViewCount="535" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a Manual System testing team, we are expected to test what happens if the SQL databases, supporting servers go down, load balancing falls over that the websites respond with the appropriate messages and that we are able to recover. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have always called this Fail over testing, but I am now being told this is incorrect terminology and should only be used in relation to automated testing. Despite asking the Google, I have not found a firm opinion as to what this type of testing should be called?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is your opinion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I ask because it's impacting on our ability to communicate and younger members of the team are asking for guidance?) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2913" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2012-09-13T20:31:48.670" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T13:09:26.250" Title="Fail over testing Terminology" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3806" CreationDate="2012-09-13T10:52:10.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tim,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as everyone in the team and everyone you communicate results and other data to knows what your terminology is, it doesn't matter what you call it. You could call it doughnut testing if you really wanted to, so long as you defined it as &quot;what happens when critical resources fail&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I'd call what you're describing fail-over testing or failure-state testing. I don't see why fail over should belong entirely to the automation realm, and as I said, so long as the people you're communicating with and the people in your team know what you mean when you say &quot;fail over testing&quot;, it doesn't matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every workplace has its own terminology and its own specific usage of terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the short version is: define your term, then use it and never mind what anyone else says.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-09-13T10:52:10.927" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3806" CreationDate="2012-09-13T10:56:53.443" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've always called this &quot;Failover Testing&quot; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who told you that this was &quot;incorrect terminology and should only be used in relation to automated testing&quot;? Did this person offer an alternative?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-13T10:56:53.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3806" CreationDate="2012-09-13T12:46:30.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes it is fail-Over testing. There's seems to be no reason for giving it a different name on the basis of manual or automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even we do it many times: In out clustered environment, we take down one of the server and then send the requests manually just to verify that the other server is taking the request or not and we call it fail-over test only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3069" LastActivityDate="2012-09-13T12:46:30.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3801" CreationDate="2012-09-13T12:50:04.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say as you are still learning the ropes in the industry and honing your skills, the $$ value should not be your highest priority. What you should focus is self reflect are you given the opportunities to grow and progress with the variety of technology, tools, projects, processes in line with current testing trends. If yes stick with it as higher paying opportunities will eventually surface as your skillsets are sought after. If no you probably still need to produce a certain quality of work expected of you but be on the lookout as you don't want to spiral downwards in your learning curve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2727" LastActivityDate="2012-09-13T12:50:04.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2880" CreationDate="2012-09-13T13:26:57.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;EventListener&lt;/code&gt; is the way to go. However there is a knack: the &lt;code&gt;UnhandledException&lt;/code&gt; will not be fired when an Assertion in your test fails. Rather use the &lt;code&gt;TestFinished&lt;/code&gt; event to handle failed tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void TestFinished(TestResult result)&#xA;{&#xA;    if (result.Executed &amp;amp;&amp;amp; result.IsFailure)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(string.Format(&quot;Failure in test {0}&quot;, result.Name));&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(result.Message);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3077" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-09-30T09:32:10.487" LastActivityDate="2012-09-30T09:32:10.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3801" CreationDate="2012-09-13T13:58:36.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to know whether your pay is fair, talk to a good recruiter.  (Not just any recruiter but one who seems to know what they are talking about.)  A good recruiter will have a better sense for how your experience, business sector, and locale map to a salary range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-09-13T13:58:36.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2869" CreationDate="2012-09-13T15:05:07.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Place this in your &lt;code&gt;test&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;suite&lt;/code&gt; tag: &lt;code&gt;preserve-order=&quot;false&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is not in there, parallel classes will not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3079" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-01T13:12:48.083" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T13:12:48.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3801" CreationDate="2012-09-13T19:02:36.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, congrats on reaching out to others in your field. Its important when making decisions to have as much information as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When dealing with pay (or any other testing / job related problem) I've found having a good network, i.e. having friends or more experienced people in similiar positions with whom I can talk to about anything, is a great source of information. They've helped me solve problems, given feedback on approaches and just helped me learn in general. They can also become great sources of referrals for jobs and applicants later on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating that network of testers (or whatever job or skill area you are interested in) means reaching out to others, like you've done here, talking with them, sharing your experiences and building rapport. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try getting to know those other engineers you work with who are getting paid more. Figure out why they are paid more. Do they know more, are they better negotiators, just got lucky, have tons more experience, etc.? You could learn something; or not. You don't seem to be afraid of sharing your salary information, so tell the your experience when you got hired and see if they'd be willing to share back. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-09-13T19:02:36.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3815" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-14T17:37:08.127" Score="1" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;we are trying to automate the process of downloading app and installing the same on Mac. Currently we are using Selenium till downloading app, for installation we are finding difficulty to handle, since we are trying to Install Adobe Application whic will be installed thru Adobe Installers, we are not able to inspect the elements thru Automator, Xcode etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also while installing app, i need to track the status of progress too.&#xA;Pls suggest best open source tool for the above requirement on Mac.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3047" LastEditorUserId="12416" LastEditDate="2017-01-16T18:27:42.003" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T18:27:42.003" Title="open source tool to automate the process of installing Adobe applications on Mac" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3817" CreationDate="2012-09-14T22:28:54.927" Score="2" ViewCount="734" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a development background and now I'm starting with software QA. While building a solution developers often create code which is shared among different platforms/applications. One example is the popular create-update-delete funcionality which is used accross the system for everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While developing the developer makes sure that when the funcion/method &quot;save&quot; is called, data is really saved in the database. This I'd call a lower testing layer in this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While testing the application (for example in the browser or a mobile app), I particularly don't think that the tester should test if data is saved when selecting &quot;Save&quot; options. Instead, the tester should test if &quot;save&quot; funcion/method is called. This I'd call a higher testing layer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question(s) is(are):&#xA;How is it possible to test these different layers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2858" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T20:54:52.743" Title="Layer testing - How should I test data replication/update?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3816" CreationDate="2012-09-15T20:15:13.830" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, it is understandable that a former developer might approach testing in terms of individually testable layers or sub-components.  However, as a tester, if you do nothing else, you must verify that the finished product behaves correctly when exercised using whatever interfaces the end-user will use.  Everything else is secondary to that -- perhaps important, but secondary.  It is entirely possible to have perfectly functioning sub-components but a broken, buggy finished product.  That is why people do integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are different schools of thought on how to approach testing a layer in isolation.  One approach is to use lots of debug-level logging to verify that things are called when they should be called.  This can work well for initial development/debugging but is not ideal for automated or repetitive testing.  Another approach is to use mocking: you write fake, hollowed-out versions of the lower-level components that allow you to test your layer without worrying about bugs in the underlying components.  If you have been a developer for five years, you probably know about mocking, and if not, a Google search will lead  you to as much detail as you need.  Depending on the language, yet another approach might be to use Aspects, as in Aspect-Oriented Programming.  Again, a Google search will give you lots of details about Aspects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will have to decide for yourself which approach is best suited to your circumstances. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not be surprised if you find that testing the UI in isolation, as you described in your question, is more awkward than testing lower-level layers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-09-15T20:15:13.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3818" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3822" CreationDate="2012-09-16T03:23:52.060" Score="9" ViewCount="1992" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a huge collection of test cases (inputs).  I'd like to select a small subset that's likely to catch most of the bugs.  Are there any standard or known techniques in the testing literature for doing this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If it's relevant, this is to assist with fuzz testing, where you feed an input to the program and see if it crashes.  I can compile a large collection of seed files, many of which are probably roughly &quot;equivalent&quot; in that they test the same set of features of the program; I want to select a small subset of them that have good diversity and between them will test as much of the program as possible, eliminating duplicates.  I know of one techniques based upon evaluating statement coverage and using minimum set cover, but I'm wondering if this is the sort of problem that has been studied in the testing literature.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2377" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T05:18:20.260" Title="Techniques for test selection, give a large suite of test cases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3557" CreationDate="2012-09-16T03:32:57.243" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overview.&lt;/strong&gt; There are many methods to detect XSS vulnerabilities: testing tools (e.g., black-box web vulnerability scanning tools), static analysis tools, and manual code review.  Also, some web application frameworks support methods to avoid XSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prevention is the best defense.&lt;/strong&gt; The best first line of defense is to integrate security into your software development lifecycle.  Train your developers about how to prevent XSS.  Train them to use input validation on inputs, and appropriate output escaping on all values dynamically inserted into a HTML document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If possible, choose a web application framework that provides &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/a/8832/971&quot;&gt;context-sensitive auto-escaping&lt;/a&gt; for all values inserted into HTML.  For more background, read &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/a/9450/971&quot;&gt;my explanation elsewhere&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, you can't test quality in after-the-fact.  Developers need to own the problem of avoiding XSS.  No one is perfect, so it can be helpful to perform some sort of quality assurance, to check for oversights and inadvertent bugs -- but do not accept an attitude that preventing XSS is primarily the responsibility of the testing team.  It is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black-box web vulnerability scanning tools.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Black-box web vulnerability scanning tools check for common vulnerabilities, like XSS, by spidering your website and sending carefully-crafted malicious inputs to your web application, to see how it handles those inputs.   These tools can be used to find XSS vulnerabilities.  (They are also sometimes called black-box web pentesting (penetration testing) tools.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many offerings in this space, both commercial and open-source.  There is a broad spectrum of approaches, from purely manual penetration testing (performed by pentesting experts), to entirely automated point-and-shoot vulnerability scanning tools, to hybrid services that include a combination of the two.  For manual penetration testing, you can buy services from companies who specialize in this.  You can also find services who will periodically perform a combination of automated and manual penetration testing and alert you of any new vulnerabilities (e.g., WhiteHat Security).  Finally, black-box vulnerability scanners are typically intended to be used in an automated fashion -- though be warned, they output a list of warnings, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jeremiahgrossman.blogspot.com/2008/01/technology-helps-but-people-matter-most.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;someone will need to review those warnings&lt;/a&gt; manually, as some of those warnings will be false alarms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Effectiveness.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;It is important to keep in mind that automated black-box vulnerability scanning tools find only a fraction of vulnerabilities.  One recent research study found that automated black-box vulnerability scanning found only ~ 40% of the vulnerabilities in the application.  Manual code review by a knowledgeable security expert found many vulnerabilities that black-box vulnerability scanning missed.  Therefore, if you can afford to perform both black-box vulnerability scanning and manual code review, this will be more effective at detecting vulnerabilities in your web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Readings.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Here are two research papers that summarize the state of the art in this area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.ucsb.edu/~adoupe/static/black-box-scanners-dimva2010.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Why Johnny Can’t Pentest: An Analysis of Black-box Web Vulnerability Scanners&lt;/a&gt;.  Adam Doupe, Marco Cova, and Giovanni Vigna.  DIMVA 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The paper evaluates 11 black-box web vulnerability scanners, both commercial and open-source, and compares their effectiveness on a sample application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://theory.stanford.edu/people/jcm/papers/pci_oakland10.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;State of the Art: Automated Black-Box Web Application Vulnerability Testing&lt;/a&gt;.  Jason Bau, Elie Bursztein, Divij Gupta, and John Mitchell.  IEEE Security &amp;amp; Privacy 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The paper evaluates 8 black-box web vulnerability scanners, and tests their effectiveness on several web applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also the following non-academic white papers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://anantasec.blogspot.com/2009/01/web-vulnerability-scanners-comparison.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Web Vulnerability Scanners Evaluation&lt;/a&gt;.  Ananta Security.  January 2009.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compares the effectiveness of a number of commercial black-box web vulnerability scanners.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stratdat.com/webscan.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Analyzing the Effectiveness and Coverage of Web Application Security Scanners&lt;/a&gt;.  Larry Suto.  October 2007.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compares the effectiveness of 3 commercial black-box web vulnerability scanners.  Be warned that the methodology is not perfect and has been subject to some criticism.  This report is largely superseded by the following one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ha.ckers.org/files/Accuracy_and_Time_Costs_of_Web_App_Scanners.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Analyzing the Accuracy and Time Costs of Web Application Security Scanners&lt;/a&gt;.  Larry Suto.  February 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compares the effectiveness of 7 commercial black-box web vulnerability scanners.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://projects.webappsec.org/Web-Application-Security-Statistics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Web Application Security Statistics&lt;/a&gt;.  Web Application&#xA;Security Consortium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contains a variety of statistics on web vulnerability scanning and other methods of detecting vulnerability.  One statistic: &quot;The probability to detect a urgent or critical error in dynamic web application is about 49% by automatic scanning and 96% by comprehensive expert analysis&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/MSP.2006.108&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Web Application Security Assessment Tools&lt;/a&gt;.  Mark Curphey and Rudolph Araujo. IEEE Security and Privacy magazine, volume 4 number 4, pp.32–41, 2006.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this might be of interest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~daw/papers/webapps11.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploring the Relationship Between Web Application Development Tools and Security&lt;/a&gt;.  Matthew Finifter and David Wagner.  WebApps 2011.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This paper is the source of the statistic above on the effectiveness of black-box vulnerability scanners at detecting web vulnerabilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, you can find a lot of information about this topic on the Security.SE site:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/q/32/971&quot;&gt;What tools are available to assess the security of a web application?&lt;/a&gt; - Lists many black-box web vulnerability scanning tools, as well as other tools.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/q/15521/971&quot;&gt;Looking for open source crawler/spider &amp;amp; scanner [closed]&lt;/a&gt; - Lists a few more vulnerability scanner tools.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/q/12686/971&quot;&gt;What fraction of web sites are vulnerable?&lt;/a&gt; - Lists some statistics on what fraction of websites are vulnerable, and the prevalence of different sorts of vulnerabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and there is lots more I didn't include here; use the search tool on that site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2377" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T10:46:12.203" LastActivityDate="2012-09-16T04:40:31.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3818" CreationDate="2012-09-16T16:25:29.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you really must use a subset, use the test cases that have been most effective at catching bugs in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sprinkle in a batch of test cases that have particular relevance for the portions of you system most at risk (either because they have changed the most, or would have higher cost associated with a failure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add a smattering of others representing areas that aren't covered by the above cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-16T16:25:29.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3818" CreationDate="2012-09-16T17:31:33.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc162782.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; article from MS be of any use ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-09-16T17:31:33.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3818" CreationDate="2012-09-16T19:57:26.803" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have a several options here. Implementation and effectiveness will vary, but IME, all are viable solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coverage - Run the tests that test changed code. If you run the&#xA;same suite of tests twice on a given build, you should get the same&#xA;results (otherwise, we should be discussing something different).&#xA;One technique for reducing your test suite size is to run only the&#xA;tests that hit changed code. You can get ultra-accurate using code&#xA;coverage (tracing which tests hit which lines of code), but even&#xA;some metadata on feature area may help you use something like this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Random sampling - Pick a random set of tests from the whole&#xA;product - or better yet, a random set of tests from each feature&#xA;area. I've run multiple experiments (and encourage you to run your&#xA;own) that show that a random sample of 10-15% of tests making up the&#xA;test suite are &lt;em&gt;highly&lt;/em&gt; predictive of the overall test suite pass&#xA;rate. If a particular area exhibits a lower than expected pass rate,&#xA;you can choose to run more tests in that area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can put a small negative weighting on tests that have always&#xA;passed (especially in combination with #1 above). Given a test that&#xA;has found bugs before and another test that has never found a&#xA;product issue, I'd likely choose the test that has found issues&#xA;before.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are others (age of test, areas of the product with known errors, etc.), but the three above are the primary heuristics I've used for test selection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2012-09-16T19:57:26.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3823" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-17T09:48:30.420" Score="2" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any tools similar to GoogleTest for the purpose of functional testing in C++. I plan to do them as part of Unit Testing and would like to know of other options available so that I can make an informed choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3092" LastActivityDate="2012-09-30T06:32:33.087" Title="Tools similar to Google Test for C++ unit testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3818" CreationDate="2012-09-17T13:47:51.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the following assumptions are true, you may want to try choosing a set of test cases that satisfy the pairwise criterion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can describe the behavior you want to test in terms of a set of independent parameters, each of which has a set of possible values that you want to try.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can describe each test case in terms of those parameters, e.g. parameter 1 = X, parameter 3 = Y.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If assumption #1 is true, you can think about your test plan as a combinatorial problem, where each test case is as tuple of (value of parameter 1, value of parameter 2, ..., value of parameter N).  If there many parameters, and each parameter has several possible values, the total number of test cases (the total number of tuples) can be unmanageable large.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pairwise criterion is predicated on the idea that most bugs arise from either a single parameter value or the interaction between specific values for a pair of parameters.  Here is the criterion: choose your tests so that every pair of possible values is exercises at least once.  To learn more, search this forum for &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=combinatorial%20testing&quot;&gt;Combinatorial Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (we should make a tag for that) or Google for &quot;pairwise testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If assumption #2 is true, you may be able to choose tests that satisfy the pairwise criterion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-09-17T13:47:51.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3825" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-18T14:17:13.650" Score="-4" ViewCount="15468" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know how to use outlook to test mails (the mail has a link that needs to be clicked to approve or deny the request).  How do I write this in Selenium Webdriver in c#.  I am quite new to selenium.  I would like to learn how to auomate the testing in C#.  Please do share your knowledge with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something related to this thread.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2431/is-mail-testing-with-selenium-possible&quot;&gt;Is mail testing with selenium possible?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3098" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T10:20:40.330" Title="Outlook Mail testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2012-09-18T14:43:07.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When people think about test automation, far too often, they think of Selenium and the like.  Libraries like Selenium, Webdriver, WATiR, however, will only help in a browser.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to do this in Outlook, and with C#, you will not need those libraries.  You may instead want to look to use Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a similar problem a while ago, with the answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1376/automate-verification-of-emails-being-received&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  That might get you onto a good start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-09-18T14:43:07.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2012-09-18T17:02:04.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have a few options.  You could automate Outlook like Lyndon has linked to in his answer, or you could use a web email account instead and use a tool like Selenium to automate it, or probably the most efficient and simple way would be to use an SMTP library that can receive e-mails and programatically parse the responses and open the link in a browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&#xA;I meant IMAP library (to receive an email).  SMTP is used for sending mail.  Here's some documentation on using IMAP to access e-mail from a gmail account: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/google-apps/gmail/xoauth2_libraries&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developers.google.com/google-apps/gmail/xoauth2_libraries&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2012-09-18T18:30:55.463" LastActivityDate="2012-09-18T18:30:55.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3818" CreationDate="2012-09-19T03:42:56.933" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;D.W., &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background Comment&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got into the software testing industry driven by a desire to answer the questions you posed.  Since then, I've been examining ways to (a) create the most powerful sets of software tests that are relatively small in number, and (b) measure the actual effectiveness of such sets of tests.  It's a topic I'm passionate about.  (I must be passionate or nuts or both as it's currently 5:45 AM as I'm writing this...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_of_experiments&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Design of Experiments&lt;/a&gt; is a decades-old field devoted to answering your question, e.g., &quot;What should I test if I can't test everything?  How can I learn as much as possible in as few tests as possible?&quot;  Design of Experiments-based test design methods are widespread in agriculture, marketing, manufacturing and many other industries.  These Design of Experiments-based methods to selecting subsets of highly effective tests are absolutely applicable to the software testing field but fewer than 5% of software testers use them to select their tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been applying techniques from Design of Experiments in the software testing field intensely for 6 or so years now.  Many papers and experience reports, including &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/combinatorial-and-pairwise-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a paper I co-published in IEEE Computer with 3 PhD's&lt;/a&gt;, show that these approaches to selecting relatively small numbers of software tests work well.  These techniques (most of which are referred to in user246's answer to this question) include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pairwise Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Combinatorial Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Orthogonal Array Testing / OATS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proposed Solution to Your Specific Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume you have a system under test that has a trillion possible tests that you can think of to execute were time constraints not an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;You do not have any information about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which code was just changed (e.g., you wanted to test the whole system and it was all built from scratch and yet to be tested), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which tests have regularly passed in prior runs (because, in this scenario, by definition, no tests have been run previously)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this scenario, I would strongly recommend you use a Design of Experiments-based combinatorial approach to selecting your tests. (Disclaimer: I created the test case generating tool Hexawise after measuring the effectiveness of Design of Experiments-based test case selection approaches so I could fairly be accused of being biased).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with a pairwise selection of tests, and as you execute those, and learn more abou the system, how it is working, where its weak points are, etc., and other ideas for tests occur to you, then edit those tests by: (a) adding new test inputs and (b) adjusting weightings on your test inputs to focus more on problem areas, and (c) time permitting, increasing the coverage strength of your generated tests to 3-way (all possible combinations of three test inputs would be tested together in at least one test case) or an even higher coverage strength if you're automating test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find that this approach to test case selection will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Far more efficient than hand-selected sets of test cases because (a) the Design of Experiments-based tests will be far less accidental repetition of combinations being tested again and again, and (b) the Design of Experiments-based tests will have far fewer gaps in coverage (e.g., 100% of dual-mode faults (AKA pairwise defects)) would be covered.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;You're testing the same System Under Test (for which you can think of a trillion possible tests you could theoretically execute) but this time you DO have information about: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which code was just changed (e.g., you wanted to test the whole system and it was all built from scratch and yet to be tested), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which tests have regularly passed and fails in prior runs &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this type of situation, I would encourage you to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with the Design of Experiments-based approach to selecting tests just mentioned, and, as proposed by Alan, also &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changed Code: pay particular attention to ensuring that you're including tests in your test suite that thoroughly test the recently changed code.  You can do this by instructing your test generating tool to seed / include particular tests that you identify in the Design of Experiments-based tests it generates.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that have failed more often than others in prior runs: consider seeding those tests in your generated set of tests as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These approaches will give you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maximum coverage in the fewest possible tests* (both scenarios)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimum wasteful repetition (both scenarios)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Additional focus on high priority areas (scenario 2 only - e.g., where code was changed and where known trouble spots are&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*It is worth pointing out that when you select tests using this approach, you can select a coverage strength to suit your thoroughness objectives and timing constraints.  You could generate a couple dozen 2-way tests (AKA pairwise tests or allpairs tests) for example if you were in an extreme hurry or a couple thousand 6-way tests if you wanted extraordinary thoroughness or a couple hundred 4-way tests.  Or any number of tests in between. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2012-09-19T03:52:34.313" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T03:52:34.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3818" CreationDate="2012-09-19T10:00:28.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it was James Bach that proved (well... more of &quot;explained&quot;) why pairwise and random testing converge as the number of random tests increase.&#xA;his rule of thumb for choosing the number of test is-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find the two variables with the biggest number of individual values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple the number of those individual values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiply again by a constant (2 is a good choice :-) )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The results is the number of tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/wtst5/PairwisePNSQC2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;see James's article here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testcast.net/archives/show-7-with-james-bach-pt2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The podcast here with more details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday_problem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The mathematical explanation, Birthday Paradox&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T10:00:28.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3645" CreationDate="2012-09-19T10:40:54.857" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm answering my own question here for everyone's reference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a lot of back and forth between SmartBear and Embarcadero the cause of the problem has been found: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Delphi XE (and presumably later versions) there is a bug in the build process that corrupts debug information. This has been reported to Embarcadero and my workplace is working with them and SmartBear to find workarounds for the problem. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Workarounds are:&#xA; - The build option to build with (I think) run-time packages appears to reduce the corruption of debug information but not eliminate it entirely.&#xA; - With run-time packages, TestComplete needs to have the large-address-aware flag enabled or it will run out of memory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't have a fix yet, but this much information could help anyone else who runs into this. Because this is a bug in Delphi XE, it has the potential to impact any automation tool that uses debug info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T10:40:54.857" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3831" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3842" CreationDate="2012-09-19T15:41:57.863" Score="8" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our company we have established some rule that from time to time (once a week or every few days) the whole team spends half an hour of testing their own software in its current state. We established this because we are producing a multi-user web application and it turned out to be a good way to find multithreading-related errors when the whole team of e.g. 10 persons are clicking around in parallel on the same server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it turned out to be much more valuable than initially thought, especially because developers get early feedback on how their components really feel when used, also from other devs. Additionally we usually find a huge amount of bugs because in this half hour of intuitive testing often functionality is executed which was not even part of recent changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically the question is if there is a name for this kind of the-whole-team-and-also-the-devs-click-around-for-some-while tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3103" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-19T16:10:32.660" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T16:18:21.290" Title="Is there a name for these kinds of tests?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3831" CreationDate="2012-09-19T15:58:20.387" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That sounds like a great practice.  You described at least two kinds of activities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ten people clicking around in parallel on the same server.  I would call this an &lt;em&gt;informal load test&lt;/em&gt;.  It is informal in the sense that the individuals are not coordinating their activities and may not be following a predetermined (or repeatable) process.  While the process is informal, you can, as you said, still gather some useful feedback from it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers trying out other developer's components.  I would call this an &lt;em&gt;informal usability test&lt;/em&gt;.  I call it &lt;em&gt;informal&lt;/em&gt; for the same reasons as above.  Informal usability tests are still surprisingly useful for finding bugs and usability issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would call the practice as a whole a &lt;em&gt;testing party&lt;/em&gt;.  I chose that term because it sounds informal and fun rather than bureaucratic.  (It also suggests the possibility of beer, which might increase participation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-19T16:11:05.670" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T16:11:05.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3801" CreationDate="2012-09-19T16:36:17.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One other thing that you might consider doing during this next year is to capture metrics on your accomplishments (schedule-related and quality-related) and to capture them along the way so you have good data that spans the entire year.  Also, if you've championed any process improvements, capture details about that (metrics before and after).  This will go a long way in selling your case for a raise (and possibly promotion) after a year or so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T16:36:17.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3831" CreationDate="2012-09-19T17:14:29.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past, I've occasionally referred to this as a &quot;Test Fest&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, I've formalized it a bit more, and even added the element of background load as well:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/automation-assisted-test-fest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/automation-assisted-test-fest.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the right circumstances, this can be a very useful practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-19T17:14:29.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3835" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3851" CreationDate="2012-09-19T23:44:39.900" Score="5" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;In software engineering, I am familiar with some basic, often-overlapping types of testing, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;functional / use-case testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alpha / beta testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;branch / boundary testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automated / manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;white box / black box testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fellow student is preparing for an interview, and one of the preferred knowledge areas listed in the job description is &quot;testing network security.&quot;  He asked me how to describe it, and I was having difficulty doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can imagine how to verify a network connection through combinations of the testing methods listed above, but &lt;strong&gt;are there one or more types of testing that specifically pertain to network security?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2882" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-03T01:04:24.933" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T01:04:24.933" Title="Testing Paradigms for Network Security" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3835" CreationDate="2012-09-20T00:08:09.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Get your fellow student - and yourself. - to look st the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category%3aOWASP_Top_Ten_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OWASP top 10&lt;/a&gt; and then look around the other parts of the site, that should open their eyes to security testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T00:08:09.973" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3837" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-20T04:13:49.487" Score="2" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have sucessfully run locator commands in Firefox, Chrome and IE but I have an issue with &lt;strong&gt;Opera 12.02&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This code is the source of the issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;MainContent_txtUserLog&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;abcd@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;//entering values to a username field&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got the following error in console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;com.opera.core.systems.scope.exceptions.CommunicationException: Error on command:&#xA;service: &quot;ecmascript&quot; commandID: 2 format: 0status:tag: 32 payload: &quot;\n%Unknown error while executing command&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am newbie to Selenium Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastActivityDate="2012-11-19T18:03:29.127" Title="Error on command: service: “ecmascript”" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3837" CreationDate="2012-09-20T16:57:35.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like the last section on this page addresses a similar(?) problem as a known issue:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/OperaDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/OperaDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it says the Opera 12.00+ is not yet officially supported by selenium OperaDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T16:57:35.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3840" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3843" CreationDate="2012-09-20T19:22:54.460" Score="3" ViewCount="496" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium2/WebDriver is optimized for positive testing paths.  My web application hides elements based on user permissions.  I am looking for an element and throwing-catching the exception when it does not find it and the command fails (I'm using Java).  This verifies the element is not present.  I've seen this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3481/quicker-way-to-assert-that-an-element-does-not-exist&quot;&gt;Quicker way to assert that an element does not exist&lt;/a&gt; but I am wondering if there is an alternative way besides if/else statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited:  The code currently being used is shown below.  This currently takes ~60+ seconds to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@User246:  I guess my main question is there a parameter or something like that to pass to Selenium that tells it to only look for the WebElement for X seconds before throwing the exception.  Optimally I would set it to 1 second since I expect it to not be found and just want to catch the exception.  I hope this is more clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void assertAddButtonIsHidden() throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;    boolean found = true;&#xA;&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement addButton = findElementById(&quot;add&quot;);&#xA;        addButton.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (StaleElementReferenceException x)&#xA;    {&#xA;        found = false;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    assertTrue(!found);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T05:50:21.193" Title="Is there a way to shorten the time Selenium2/Webdriver takes to look for an element when a failure is expected?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3831" CreationDate="2012-09-20T22:38:06.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The term used at Microsoft and generally in the Seattle area (and undoubtedly elsewhere) is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bug_bash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bug Bash&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.  The link is to the Wikipedia article, which describes what you have described (it's not a good article at the moment, but can at least confirm that the term is used this way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general style of testing where someone tests without test cases is called &quot;exploratory testing&quot;, and bug bashes - having the entire team or company spend a period of time 'bashing' the product to find bugs - are one technique that is used in exploratory testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T22:38:06.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3831" CreationDate="2012-09-20T22:52:50.520" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have always called this bug bashes &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bug_bash&quot;&gt;bug bashes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some guidelines we have used include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set a date and put this on the team's schedule&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide guidance on the purpose/scope of the bash - specific area (at risk feature, globalization, security, etc) or anything goes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide a template for filing bugs (including guidance for pri/sev, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide incentives (food, recognition, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send mail at least 1 day before event with specifics (environments, build number, areas, link to template, POC, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send status throughout day&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Encourage exploration of features outside area of expertise/ownership&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send thank you to all participants and summary of bash results the day after.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If possible I would also encourage folks to get out of their offices (e.g. mobile app testing) or have them buddy test with another person. &#xA;Another idea we tried was to make a game of it (e.g. folks have to use various features in solving a puzzle)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T22:52:50.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3840" CreationDate="2012-09-20T23:43:01.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not used the java implimentation but can you utilize the ImplicityWait method to configure the timeout?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a c# example that gets set in the Setup stage of the unit test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0,30));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.Timeouts.html#implicitlyWait%28long,%20java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;API&lt;/a&gt; doc for the method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-09-20T23:43:01.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3844" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3847" CreationDate="2012-09-21T09:34:07.480" Score="3" ViewCount="211" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project which involves documenting test logs. I want to know the structure of test logs (what should be included).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3112" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T09:46:31.343" Title="The structure of test logs?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3844" CreationDate="2012-09-21T11:37:10.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope I did not misunderstand your question, but for me it seems to be very abstract.  In general, the answer depends on &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the purpose of this log?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who will be using it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you answer this question to yourself, then you will know what information the viewer would want to see in the log files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I can also suggest you to take a look into standard logging frameworks like Log4j logs which might also give you some insight.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/log4j/index.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; is something I found on google.  Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2613" LastActivityDate="2012-09-21T11:37:10.090" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3846" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-21T12:16:34.690" Score="16" ViewCount="24718" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been working in various helpdesk/software support positions for several years now, but my goal has always been to work in the field of QA. I enjoy problem solving and I'm always trying to learn about what causes bugs when I encounter them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't had any luck yet finding a position since I haven't finished my degree and I also don't live in a very large city, so job opportunities are slim. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've decided that I want to do everything I can to teach myself about QA in order to better my chances of finding an entry level position. I don't know much about programming but I am comfortable with html/css/javascript. Is there any advice to how I could better get into the field? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been researching entry level QA positions and it seems like there's a ton of software that employers desire. Some of the ones listed that I've seen include RequisitePro, ClearQuest, Rational Test Suite, Caliber, Quality Center, QTP, Selenium, Load Runner and more. Is it necessary to learn all of these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, is there an easy way for me to start using these applications? Many of them aren't free it seems like. Can I learn how to create automated tests just by writing simple ones for common web applications like Gmail and Youtube? Or should I look into testing open source web applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've already found a thread on here about books for novice software testers, so I'm going to be reading some of those soon. Thanks for any help or suggestions!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3106" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T11:20:50.580" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T19:37:48.580" Title="How can I transition into QA and what software tools should I learn?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3844" CreationDate="2012-09-21T13:25:00.750" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test log is simply a log used for testing.  ISO 9000 compliant timber companies typically have detailed guidelines for the structure of test logs.  For example, they must still include bark, must be between five and ten meters long, and between 50 and 100 centimeters in diameter.  Like production logs, test logs must have visibly apparent concentric rings when viewed in cross-section.  There may also be certain density requirements that vary from species to species.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some insect damage is inevitable, but typically a test log must have no more than 3 bore holes per linear meter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a  more serious note, if I were keeping a test log solely for my own use, I would fill it with details that I would otherwise forget, and I would organize it in a way that would be useful in my own circumstances.  I do not know myself well enough to know exactly which details or organization would be most useful to me, and even if I did, it is likely that they would change over time.  Rather than try to design the perfect test log structure, I would think about it for about five minutes, start using it, and then re-evaluate as necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think structuring a test log is kind of like commenting your code: you will not know whether you &quot;got it right&quot; until later.  Luckily, you are free to change your mind and do something different going forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use that approach with other things, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-22T04:30:18.040" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T04:30:18.040" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2012-09-21T14:15:18.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that you should begin with the application / tool that suites your interest.&#xA;If you begin with any Automation tests you will see that the most common tools are a lot like each other or the reminds about each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since Web is kind of huge now perhaps that is a good path to start at. You can always begin simple with something like navigate to google.com and search for something then open a link from the search results, perhaps check if the link is what you expected etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And since you don't seem to have any desired tool to use, I would suggest to pick a tool where you can understand the programming language that it uses, a lot of the tools has multiple languages. Even if you pick a language you can’t there usually is good guides how/where to start with examples etc. There is also programs that will give you the chance of recording the test directly in the browser / application then generate to code for you. Point and click.. =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the main line is choose something that you are comfortable with. Then after a while when you get the hang of it, then you can expand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3114" LastActivityDate="2012-09-21T14:15:18.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2012-09-21T14:31:29.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered finishing your degree? At least where I am, a 4-year degree is pretty much always a requirement (and it is certainly a requirement when I'm the hiring Manager).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you considered taking programming courses? Not always required, but always helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several sites devoted to testing and QA like SQAForums.com and SoftwareTestingClub.com - you may wish to visit those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-09-22T17:10:30.653" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T17:10:30.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2012-09-21T17:32:21.357" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could I suggest learning to test before diving into tools to automate tests and tools to manage them ? Read the books you have got, surf this site (and others such as Software Testing Club and SQA forums ) to get an idea of what people in the industry are doing and what problems they are facing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-09-21T17:32:21.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3835" CreationDate="2012-09-21T18:17:36.357" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to point out in contrast to Phil's answer that the OWASP project is related to Application Security testing. Network security testing is much larger, and often doesn't include application security, but rather considers it a separate but very important part of overall security testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Network security testing is typically related to network architecture. The design and devices that make up the network. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are firewalls, routers, vpns, servers, etc... positioned and configured properly based on their function?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the network segmented based on some sort of risk or usage profile?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there systems in place to detect intrusions or malicious activity on the network? &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.snort.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Snort&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is authentication/authorization done at the network level? &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/802.1x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;802.1x&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are wireless networks configured securely?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are all systems on the network at the appropriate patch level? &lt;a href=&quot;http://cve.mitre.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Common Vulnerabilities &amp;amp; Exposures&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a centralized repository of security logs for all devices? &lt;a href=&quot;http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-92/SP800-92.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NIST - Security Log Management&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just some of the areas that relate to network security. Each one of them can be huge and can be tested in many different ways. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Audit style - asking these questions and verifying their correctness&#xA;by interviewing employees, or reviewing configurations, network&#xA;drawings and documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated scan - using a tool to scan the network for known&#xA;vulnerabilities. i.e &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tenable.com/products/nessus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nessus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Penetration test - Attempting to break the security of a network&#xA;using common tools, techniques and exploits. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.backtrack-linux.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Backtrack&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, since this is the SE for Software testing. I'd point you to the security SE to ask anymore detailed questions about the topic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://security.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3115" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T13:14:44.087" LastActivityDate="2012-09-21T18:23:56.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2012-09-22T04:14:35.080" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to the field!  I've got a few suggestions to get started.  Its not easy getting a entry level position because often they won't be listed(at least from my experience in my area).  Many entry level jobs can be filled by internal employees that show testing promise.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extend what you are doing now.  If you are totally new, look at possibly purchasing a book with the testing basics. I like Testing Computer Software, 2nd Edition as a starters guide for a complete greenhorn.  You don't really need to purchase a book if that's not how you learn, you can easily use the internet as your guild.  Finishing school would also be a good idea in general, even if you don't end up being a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get testing!  Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot;&gt;Weekend Testing&lt;/a&gt; see if there is a chapter in your area or join a weekend test.  You could also join &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com/&quot;&gt;utest&lt;/a&gt;, there are no requirements there, and you are paid per defect.  The pay is small, but the experience is priceless.  You could also volunteer to test for an open source project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read and Interact:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find testers you like, read blog posts, follow them on twitter, and get involved in forums like this one!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastEditorUserId="1062" LastEditDate="2012-09-24T01:19:48.833" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T01:19:48.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3818" CreationDate="2012-09-22T04:22:44.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In reading through the testing literature, I've found some research papers on &quot;test set size minimization&quot;.  They discuss using block coverage for test set minimization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how that works.  Given a large collection &lt;em&gt;T&lt;/em&gt; of test cases, they look for a subset &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt; of test cases that has the same block coverage as &lt;em&gt;T&lt;/em&gt; (i.e., every block that is covered by some test case in T will also be covered by some test case in &lt;em&gt;S&lt;/em&gt;).  This is a set cover problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a paper which did an experiment with this kind of test set minimization, and they found that coverage-based minimization was very effective: it had only a small reduction in the effectiveness of the test set at detecting faults, while significantly reducing the size of the test set.  Here's the reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pdf.aminer.org/000/997/482/test_set_size_minimization_and_fault_detection_effectiveness_a_case.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test set size minimization and fault detection effectiveness: A case study in a space application&lt;/a&gt;.   W. Eric Wong, Joseph R. Horgan, Aditya P. Mathur, and Alberto Pasquini.  Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC) 1997.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sidebar: Here's an interesting detail I took away from that paper.  Rather than using set-cover straight off to minimize the test set, they discuss a hybrid approach to minimization using coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two phases.  In Phase 1, they evaluate each test set, sequentially, one at a time.  If a test &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; covers some new block that was not previously covered by a prior test, then keep &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;.  On the other hand, if &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; does not cover any new block, then discard &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;.  The set of test cases that are retained during Phase 1 are then used as an input to Phase 2.  In Phase 2, we apply an algorithm for the set-cover problem to find a minimal subset of those test cases that has the same aggregate coverage.  Because the input to Phase 2 has already been significantly reduced, it is possible to apply an expensive algorithm for set cover.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not apply set cover to the entire set of test cases and skip Phase 1?  Presumably, they are worried about the fact that the set-cover problem is exponential in the worst case.  By winnowing down the size of the test pool in Phase 1, they can then apply a more expensive algorithm for set-cover that finds the exact minimum solution, rather than an approximate solution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a later paper reported some cautionary notes.  They found that the utility of coverage-based test set minimization varies depending upon the program.  For some programs, coverage-based minimization significantly reduced the number of test cases without significantly impacting the effectiveness of the test set at detecting faults.  However, for some other programs, coverage-based minimization had the side effect of significantly reducing the effectiveness of the test set.  They conclude that the benefits of coverage-based minimization are unclear and hard to predict, and that this area is not as well-understood as one would like.  Here's the reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cs.utsa.edu/~vonronne/pubs/jstvr-min.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Empirical Studies of Test-Suite Reduction&lt;/a&gt;.  Gregg Rothermel, Mary Jean Harrold, Jeffery von Ronne, and Christie Hong.  Software Testing, Verification, and Reliability.  Volume 12, issue 4, pp.219--249, December 2002.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2377" LastEditorUserId="2377" LastEditDate="2012-09-22T05:18:20.260" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T05:18:20.260" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3887" CreationDate="2012-09-22T06:14:56.273" Score="5" ViewCount="13879" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our project we have a user to sign on after filling the CAPTCHA code. Right now it's working fine and I am a beginner to this field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused how to write a test case for the &lt;strong&gt;CAPTCHA code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-22T12:34:03.550" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T05:09:02.577" Title="How to write a test case for CAPTCHA code" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3728" CreationDate="2012-09-22T10:40:28.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Calling sendKeys method with FileUrl.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;File file=new File(&quot;C:/SomeFolder/a.jpg&quot;);&#xA;URL url=file.toURL();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a similar problem and got it worked via FileUrl, however it is in C#. Hope the above would work in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3119" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-06-28T12:04:19.357" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T12:04:19.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3855" CreationDate="2012-09-22T11:36:54.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two questions here: (1) test case itself; (2) ability to automate testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per the first topic, you just describe it in a form of &lt;code&gt;Actor - Action - Result&lt;/code&gt;, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;System&lt;/code&gt; redirects to a page XX&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;User&lt;/code&gt; types CAPTCHA code into a field [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;System&lt;/code&gt; checks answer validity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the key is not valid, &lt;code&gt;System&lt;/code&gt; redirects to Step N&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;System&lt;/code&gt; redirects to &quot;Completion&quot; page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or, alternatively (depending on your policy of writing TC's):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;System&lt;/code&gt; redirects to a &quot;CAPTCHA&quot; page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;User&lt;/code&gt; types a &lt;strong&gt;valid&lt;/strong&gt; code into a field [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;System&lt;/code&gt; redirects to &quot;Completion&quot; page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alt flow at Step N&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;User&lt;/code&gt; types an &lt;strong&gt;invalid&lt;/strong&gt; CAPTCHA code into a field [...]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;System&lt;/code&gt; redirects to Step N&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automating this process is slightly different. Since the key to testing is ability to reproduce, you can't afford &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; CAPTCHA's within the same test. However, you can (and should) make tests for valid, invalid, empty responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this purpose, you should develop a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_stub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dummy CAPTCHA provider&lt;/a&gt; that will have exactly the same interface as the &quot;production&quot; CAPTCHA provider has, but will return only a well-known image(s).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Then, your automated code will attempt &quot;solving&quot; this CAPTCHA with various answers (valid, invalid, empty, and so on).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T11:36:54.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2012-09-22T20:12:05.593" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple or Complex GUI Testing can be done with MurGee &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.murgee.com/auto-mouse-clicker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Auto Mouse Clicker&lt;/a&gt;. It does have free trial and requires a licence fee of $5.00. Can automate various types of mouse clicking, keyboard typing and other stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3121" LastActivityDate="2012-09-22T20:12:05.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3855" CreationDate="2012-09-22T22:56:22.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Example for manual testing, if you mean it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TC1: try to enter the captcha right, expected: you are allowed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TC2: try to enter the captcha wrong, expected: you are not allowed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TC3: try to enter the captcha with Upper/Lower Case Mix, expected (depends on reqs, mostly): you are allowed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TC4: try to proceed without entering, expected: you are not allowed. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastEditorUserId="1781" LastEditDate="2012-09-25T15:25:56.253" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T15:25:56.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2012-09-24T03:26:41.610" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been at companies where someone transitioned from another dept into a Testing / QA position and it was done intra-company. They found a position open, called the department manager and impressed him/her enough to get hired - without much experience. Does your current company provide that opportunity for you? It might be an easy way in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like Phil K says it's a good idea to learn how to test before jumping into an automation role. Automated testing is one aspect of testing but the more you know about the discipline the better you will be. You can learn more through:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reading books. Here's a list of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/42/suggested-books-to-start-on-software-testing?rq=1&quot;&gt;Suggested books to start on Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read blogs. Here's a lit of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/336/blogs-to-follow-to-further-learning&quot;&gt;Blogs to follow on Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Listen to Podcasts. Here's a lit of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/400/software-testing-and-qa-podcasts?rq=1&quot;&gt;Software Testing Podcasts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn through practice - like Steve mentions sign up for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uTest&lt;/a&gt;, do their tutorials and you'll get offers to test various applications. &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Weekend Testing&lt;/a&gt; is another good option. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Testing is a huge field with many aspects beyond knowing technology. In a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3716/what-does-a-sofware-qa-person-need-to-know-to-perform-their-job-essentially/3718#3718&quot;&gt;previous post&lt;/a&gt; I talk about the 9 areas in James Bach's (a testing expert) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/images/testsyllabus.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing Syllabus&lt;/a&gt; which is definitely worth looking at. Finishing your degree may also be worth it, depending on what your degree is in, how much time it will take you and whether, as Joe suggests, you think it will hold your career back. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T17:48:15.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3177" CreationDate="2012-09-24T03:32:37.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;MonkeyTalk (former FlexMonkey) works with both as well.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gorillalogic.com/testing-tools/monkeytalk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T03:32:37.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3661" CreationDate="2012-09-24T07:12:38.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess &lt;a href=&quot;http://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/quick-guide.html#NewWorkbook&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; should answer all your questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3127" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-08T10:40:25.727" LastActivityDate="2012-10-08T10:40:25.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="880" CreationDate="2012-09-24T12:15:01.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Additionally to the great answers seen here, I'd like to add the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have different test sets, one small &quot;smoke&quot; test set containing only a few tests to run on each CI build, and a more thorough one running over night.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid &lt;code&gt;Sleep&lt;/code&gt; statements in your tests. Those are almost always a sign for bad test code, as they make your tests slow and/or unreliable. On fast machines, you're wasting time, and on slow machines the sleep-time might not be sufficient. Automated testing tools usually provide means to do some sort of synchonization, for example waiting for a dialog to appear or disappear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following ones fall in the category micro-optimizations, so they might not make a difference, but in some cases they will&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When &lt;code&gt;find&lt;/code&gt;ing objects, try to reduce the amount of objects that has to be searched. For example, if you want to find a button in a dialog, don't search through all objects starting from the root object, but search only within the dialog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Silk Test allows you to re-use handles, without having to re-&lt;code&gt;find&lt;/code&gt; them. If you want to perform 20 actions on a dialog, it is ok to search for the dialog once and then do the 20 actions, rather than searching for it before each step.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also Silk Test specific: You didn't mention if you were using Classic Agent or Open Agent, but for new tests I suggest you use the Open Agent, as it is a lot faster than CA (You can also do mixed agent scripts if you want to migrate slowly).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; I work for Borland as part of the Silk Test team, so any opinions expressed are highly biased.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1429" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T12:15:01.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3855" CreationDate="2012-09-24T14:07:26.437" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The purpose of a CAPTCHA is to verify a human is submitting the form. By definition, if you could automate this interaction, the functionality would fail. But you didn't ask about automation, so that's just an aside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about it from a functional perspective - does it let you submit when you enter the right input? Does it keep you out if you don't enter the right input? What kinds of invalid input might trick it into letting you in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about it from a usability perspective - is the CAPTCHA easy enough for a human to read? Is it still tough enough for a program to detect and read?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do some research about CAPTCHAs and how they've been known to succeed and fail. That may give you ideas about how to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this testing Cheat Sheet&lt;/a&gt; for some more ideas. If you're a beginner, it may help you with future tests too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="560" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T05:08:33.077" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T05:08:33.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3844" CreationDate="2012-09-24T17:54:34.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a good example of well-formated test logs, see the TAP protocol:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testanything.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testanything.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is used primarily by Perl, but it can be used by JUnit and other tools as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1088" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T17:54:34.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3855" CreationDate="2012-09-24T19:55:59.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me the CAPTCHA consists of different sub-modules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;generation of the CAPTCHA content as text representation plus some random elements like colors/noise that is added to the image.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;generation of a CAPTCHA image that will be presented to the user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CAPTCHA decision logic/controller that decides if CAPTCHA is entered ok/not ok/create a new CAPTCHA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If implemented via interfaces (dependency injection) you can test some functionality in isolation: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with a mocked generator you can make regression tests that make sure that a given set of &quot;generated CAPTCHA&quot; result in the same image as previons so you can bitcompare the images.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can unit test the generator that every generation fullfills your requirement: &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;number of characters in the generated string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;type of allowed/disallowed chars&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-09-25T15:36:15.547" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T15:36:15.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3885" CreationDate="2012-09-24T21:41:16.470" Score="7" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working for an ecommerce client for the last 6 years as manual and automation QA engineering. New features gets applied to our site once in 2 weeks. Whenever a redesign project comes up, like say product page redesign - we keep forgetting to handle all the numerous features which were implemented in last few years. People who implemented it move out of the team often and its forgotten after sometimes. Its not the major features, but minor ones that are having this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was searching for ideas on how to keep track of all the features in the website. Ideally, when a new requirement comes we should be able to easily identify the impact of the new project on existing ones using this solution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="567" LastEditorUserId="1022" LastEditDate="2012-09-26T22:55:42.760" LastActivityDate="2012-10-14T12:04:53.150" Title="How to keep track of the features in a website for impact analysis?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2012-09-24T23:14:18.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I approach that problem by maintaining written test cases in a wiki.  Each test case is a declarative statement.  (I have worked places where test cases were documented in step-by-step detail, but I found it was too hard to maintain the details when features changed, as they often did.)  If you search SQA or Google, you will find other structures for written test cases.  With some thought and experimentation, you can find one that works for your own organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was the only tester in my little company for two or three years.  When our second tester joined the team, the written test cases allowed her to learn the product more easily than she otherwise would.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have had less success documenting test cases in such a way that it is easy to map a new requirement to the impacted test cases.  You can get part of the way there by tagging a test case (or a page of test cases) with the relevant product components, but picking an appropriate granularity of tag -- neither too high-level or too low-level -- is easier said than done.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-09-24T23:14:18.910" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3844" CreationDate="2012-09-25T09:46:31.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least you must include all verifications you perform and their status (pass/fail) and an overall conclusion (if test passed or failed).&#xA;Other interesting points would be test execution time, timestamp on test start and environment info (os/browser version) if it does matter in your case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO the log should be in some parsable format like XML (or well formed HTML or plain text with some unique tags), when you've got lots of them you &lt;strong&gt;do not&lt;/strong&gt; want to open each one by hand. Better if you can organize a file hierarchy or store them in a database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can have some tools to parse the logs for data analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T09:46:31.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3792" CreationDate="2012-09-25T09:50:21.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My &lt;em&gt;personal&lt;/em&gt; way is to &lt;strong&gt;totally avoid&lt;/strong&gt; anything that looks like Visual Basic or VBscript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think any good object oriented language would do the job, as long as you're not forced to use OOP when it's not needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T09:50:21.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2012-09-25T10:59:48.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;we keep forgetting to handle all the numerous features which were&#xA;  implemented in last few years&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If things are being forgotten on a regular basis, this isn't a tool problem - it's a process problem. Your process seemingly doesn't require that these things are tracked in an accessible place, and that the feature list be kept up-to-date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use SharePoint to hold our features/requirements. When it is maintained well, we can use it for impact analysis. When it isn't maintained, we cannot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T10:59:48.553" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3874" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3880" CreationDate="2012-09-25T13:10:11.213" Score="11" ViewCount="2421" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm facing a lot of automated GUI tests that fail one or more verifications during their run. All the failings points have been reported in our tracking system and they are known issues but get &quot;ignored&quot; as having low priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Development team promised to have those issues fixed &quot;in the next few months&quot;, and this was many months ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I edit the tests to pass (for example, commenting out the verifications)?&#xA;Or should I keep bashing on the dev team until they fix those minor display issues? What are the &quot;best practices&quot;, if any, in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2012-09-26T00:27:37.950" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T01:43:20.127" Title="How to deal with automated test cases that always fail?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3874" CreationDate="2012-09-25T13:28:23.200" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not edit the tests to pass.  There are still defects in the product, and running the tests and having them fail on those points continues to provide data that the issues are not fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the development team has accepted the bugs and scheduled (although not solidly) them to be addressed, modifying the tests to no longer report the defects seems bad practice.  If the bugs were rejected and decided as &quot;will not fix&quot;, then you should most definitely edit your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests should not be modified to mask bugs in the program.  It also gives another data point of when the bug was fixed, as you will see the previously failing test cases pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T13:28:23.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-25T13:49:44.540" Score="2" ViewCount="528" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to check that the locations asset on map (openLayer) are the same with some asset in a row. What is the best way to do this? I'm using the TestNG framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3128" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T11:00:17.477" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T23:52:24.650" Title="Selenium Webdriver and OpenLayers" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-10T21:59:20.113" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3328" CreationDate="2012-09-25T14:02:46.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only workaround we've been able to do is run the tests at night when there is nothing else going on.  (we also dropped support for IE, so there's that avenue you can take as well...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T14:02:46.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-25T14:23:12.503" Score="3" ViewCount="16287" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi Guys. I have a problem with right click mouse event in Selenium 2.0. I'm using that method but in a console I've got: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unable to locate element:&#xA;  {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;dijit_MenuItem_16_text&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my test case I've got &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;opPage.findElem(&quot;xpath element to I click on it&quot;).click();&#xA;opPage.rightClickOnAsset(&quot;xpath to element what is show after I right click mouse&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the last method is defined as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement rightClickOnAsset() {&#xA;  WebElement propButton = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;xpath element to I click on it&quot;));&#xA;  Actions clicker = new Actions(driver);&#xA;  clicker.contextClick(propButton).perform(); &#xA;&#xA;  return propButton;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Method is in another class in another Java file, look up the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3128" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-12T11:12:04.197" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T11:12:04.197" Title="Selenium Webdriver cannot locate element for right click event" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3328" CreationDate="2012-09-25T19:04:42.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the approaches that I have taken to running any sort of UI automation is to run it on a separate VM from my development box.  This allows me to both keep working on my existing code plus eliminate interaction issues.  I also am able to then keep the VM from sleeping etc and have pretty discrete control on that box.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T19:04:42.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3874" CreationDate="2012-09-25T19:23:35.757" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;One possibility here is to build into your testing the ability to flag a failure as a &quot;Known issue&quot; which is then reported with each run of your automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've gone into more detail in my answer to the question user246 linked - I'd recommend you check into my comments and the other responses there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T19:23:35.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3874" CreationDate="2012-09-25T19:48:44.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the failing points are isolated solely to these low-priority issues, then you should leave them in place, and deal with these &quot;known issues&quot; showing up as fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure these &quot;fails&quot; are still reporting the same low-priority problem and not something bigger than originally reported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And check them over carefully. Often larger areas are blocked from testing due to these sorts of &quot;known issues&quot;. If they are blocking deeper testing, then consider trying to get the priority raised and  the untested sections unblocked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-25T19:48:44.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3928" CreationDate="2012-09-26T05:14:13.057" Score="3" ViewCount="2488" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to verfiy the dialog box displayed on clicking a 'Save' button for below conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether the dialog box is  displayed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Text present in the dialog box?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using all locators and finally using css selector as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#AdminMainContent_AlertBoxMER1_lbtnOK &amp;gt; span&quot;)).isDisplayed()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//to verfiy whether dilaog box is displayed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and i got exception as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: Element is no longer valid&lt;/strong&gt; (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="29376" LastEditDate="2020-04-07T07:03:35.220" LastActivityDate="2020-04-07T07:03:35.220" Title="Verify text present in jquery dialog box" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2012-09-26T11:29:11.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you need is to improve your &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requirements_engineering&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Requirements Engineering&quot;&gt;Requirements Engineering&lt;/a&gt; processes. There are commercial tools that help in this area (I have worked with  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/software/awdtools/doors/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Doors&lt;/a&gt; some years ago), but I don't know of any open-source alternative I could recommend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that these tools and processes are very &quot;heavy weight&quot;, and in my opinion, achieving &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requirements_traceability&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Requirements traceability&quot;&gt;requirements traceability&lt;/a&gt; down to code and backwards is very expensive&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and probably not worthy for software not subjected to any kind of standards compliance (for instance, safety requirements like &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DO-178B&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;DO-178B&quot;&gt;DO-178B&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Notes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Requirements traceability should though be feasible using some code generation tools, but I don't have experience in this area, and I'm afraid it's also out of the scope of your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1022" LastActivityDate="2012-09-26T11:29:11.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-26T14:30:42.700" Score="3" ViewCount="2497" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using HPQC on our project. I am new to the tool. I have an Excel sheet with the test plan ID and their related requirement IDs. The manual process is very time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I automate the linking of the requirement IDs with the corresponding test plan ID?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3138" LastEditorUserId="2862" LastEditDate="2012-10-26T22:44:10.620" LastActivityDate="2012-11-25T23:03:44.007" Title="Automate linking of requirements with test plan items" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3855" CreationDate="2012-09-26T15:12:50.853" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many of the preceding answers are directed at testing the behavior of the captcha from a customers POV (enter valid, invalid, etc.). But, if you are testing an actual captcha generator that your dev's wrote then you should go deeper. Also, there is some important information about the captcha generator you're testing that would be important for functional testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will you need to test your hash function for collisions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rather then trying to create a &quot;dummy captcha&quot; I would recommend trying to use a robot to successfully read the captcha.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, does your captcha employ a proxy block if the IP address is hidden?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which fonts are used, and are they used with sufficient randomness? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which characters are used (e.g. upper and lower case, numbers, etc) in a captcha?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other information needed for behavioral testing from the UI could include&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does your captcha have audio for sight impaired customers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Captcha resets/or getting new captcha.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the width of the bitmap of the captcha displayed to the user vary, and if so how does it appear on different resolutions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Readability of captcha by human vs. robot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input validation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2012-09-28T16:26:47.353" LastActivityDate="2012-09-28T16:26:47.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3888" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-26T18:33:26.123" Score="4" ViewCount="683" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across an unusual issue with my automation tests while using the HtmlUnitDriver. I have been using the junit parameterized class to iterate over a list of urls to run some of my tests. The test runs just fine with other WebDriver implementations - InternetExplorerDriver, FirefoxDriver and ChromeDriver without any issues. However, with HtmlUnitDriver the test just terminates without any error message. While Debugging,  I tried to print my data source (list of urls ) all I got was an empty array in case of HtmlUnitDriver but I get the urls in other WebDriver implementations. So, I am kind of confused how and why is this happenning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My CoursePage pageobject  method returns the urls in an ArrayList.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public  ArrayList&amp;lt;String[]&amp;gt; getPageURLs() throws IOException {&#xA;&#xA;    ArrayList&amp;lt;String[]&amp;gt; forumURLs= new ArrayList&amp;lt;String[]&amp;gt;();&#xA;    //forums is a List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; field on my PageObject that returns a list of elements    &#xA;    for(WebElement forum : forums)&#xA;    {&#xA;        String pageURLs = forum.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;);&#xA;        //I filter out some urls with if else statements and add only those that are required&#xA;        forumURLs.add(new String[]{pageURLs});&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    return forumURLs;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the JUnit method that gets the data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Parameters&#xA;public static ArrayList&amp;lt;String[]&amp;gt; getURLs() throws IOException{&#xA;    startBrowser(Browser.HTMLUNIT);&#xA;    LoginPage loginPage =goToLoginPage();&#xA;    HomePage homepage =loginPage.loginAs(username, password);&#xA;    CoursePage coursepage = homepage.goToCourse();&#xA;    return coursepage.getPageURLs();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2783" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2013-07-26T15:46:30.277" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T19:49:44.957" Title="Parameterized JUnit tests with HtmlUnitDriver leading to test termination" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3888" CreationDate="2012-09-26T19:27:20.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, you did not mention why you are using HtmlUnitDriver, but I have never had a lot of luck using it.  It does not seem to behave enough like any of the supported browsers, so it I could not use my HtmlUnitDriver results to infer anything about whether a test would actually pass or fail on on real browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, does your webapp use Javascript to add elements to the page?  It is possible that the Javascript does not behave as expected on HtmlUnitDriver, and consequently your course page does not contain what you think it contains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-09-26T19:27:20.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3874" CreationDate="2012-09-26T21:31:43.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are building an addon to testng to report tests that are tagged with a @KnownFailure annotation as skips and bundle them into a separate bucket. @KnownFailure annotations will require a ticket # and we will be able to track them via reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're also looking at a way of checking to see if the ticket has been resolved ignoring the @KnownFailure annotation and reporting the true result of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3140" LastActivityDate="2012-09-26T21:31:43.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3021" CreationDate="2012-09-26T21:45:04.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a pre-built solution you might want to look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robotframework/DbBot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DbBot&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a custom solution you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#using-listener-interface&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;listener interface&lt;/a&gt; to robot framework. It's pretty easy to write a listener that writes a record to a database every time a keyword, test case or test suite finishes running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My team created a little web service for this, but you can just as easily open a direct connection to your database from the listener and store the results directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T13:33:17.030" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T13:33:17.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3546" CreationDate="2012-09-26T22:44:41.503" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;System requirements are the translations of user requirements in a much more technical language. They are basically the things that a software must perform.&#xA;Not exactly. The system usually consists of hardware and software. In some situations, it could even include humans performing well defined processes (for instance, changing depleted batteries).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The requirements can be classified as User Requirements/System Requirements and Functional Requirements/Nonfunctional Requirements&#xA;In my understanding you are mixing classifications. There are at least user requirements; and system, hardware and software functional and non-functional requirements. You could even decompose the system into subsystems, or the software requirements in modules... Examples of the &quot;high level analysis&quot; requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User requirement: The user should be able to turn off the alarm bell after acknowledging the error message.&#xA;System's non-functional requirement: The system should be able to attend up to 80 simultaneous requests by attaching a new processor.&#xA;System functional requirement: The system must alert the user with a 2500 Hz acoustic tone if the message contains the code 0xEFAC.&#xA;Hardware non-functional requirement: The system must tolerate a power outage for at least 10 minutes.&#xA;Hardware functional requirement: If the JP14 jumper is on and the register R4 has a 0xEFAC, the hardware must put +5V on PK1.&#xA;Software non-functional requirement: The software should be able to attend 50 simultaneous INFO requests.&#xA;Software functional requirement: The software must render a red alert box in the left corner if the message is corrupt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1022" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2016-04-29T14:13:52.677" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T14:13:52.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3893" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-09-26T22:52:52.847" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2012-09-26T22:52:52.847" LastActivityDate="2012-09-26T22:52:52.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3894" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-09-26T22:52:52.847" Score="0" Body="Engineering activities involved in discovering, documenting and maintaining a set of requirements for a computer-based system" OwnerUserId="1022" LastEditorUserId="1022" LastEditDate="2012-09-26T23:01:39.007" LastActivityDate="2012-09-26T23:01:39.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2012-09-27T09:44:53.757" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just found that whenever you get this error message, it is an issue with the XPath.&#xA;In Webdriver try to locate the element by its id: &lt;code&gt;webdriverdriver.findElement(By.id(&quot;...&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; and then use send keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3142" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-01T10:31:18.743" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T10:31:18.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2012-09-27T13:52:03.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm late to this discussion, so any suggestions I have may have already been covered before, but here are some ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you have a degree in SOMETHING. I have a B.A. in English, which has nothing to do with working in QA, and I got a diploma from a programming school, which again isn't QA related. But having them on my resume means that I'm already ahead about half the people looking for the same job I am.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn at least some basic programming. Personally, I don't like programming that much - I tend to use it as a means to an end. Having said that, it's become inescapable that quite a bit of QA work is being able to write in a test program. One language you can try learning is &lt;a href=&quot;http://rubylearning.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ruby&lt;/a&gt;. Besides being able to write programs, it'll also come in very handy if you decide to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;, a tool that can be used by numerous people, not just in QA. Learning how to do programming can also come in handy when trying to debug a testing tool such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; (and in fact doing a quick google search brought up &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.rubyforge.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Ruby&lt;/a&gt;, a cross between the two).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As other people have said, try studying some books on testing. One place you can start is also a book that is popular in Holland, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tmap.net/en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TMap&lt;/a&gt;. This is by no means the first and last place you should look, but the website does have some good white papers on testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try getting yourself certified. This is more of a long-term goal, but there are some organizations such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB&lt;/a&gt; that offer a certification that will also enhance your resume (incidentally, Sogeti, the company who made the TMap book, also has a certification test, but this is mainly for QA professionals in Holland; last I heard, they're trying to make inroads into America, so who knows).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be aware of what you're getting into. Being a QA tester often means you're the 'bearer of bad news' (you're the guy who tells the programmers that they have bugs in their software that need fixing before it can ship), and you're often one of the last people to get to work on a project (in some companies, they use a so-called 'waterfall' system, where everything flows in one direction - this usually means you get hit with the task of testing stuff JUST before the deadline; try finding a job where you can work in a so-called '&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile&lt;/a&gt;' environment, where you can get and give feedback during the whole process and where you can prepare tests in advance). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;But also keep in mind that a QA Tester needs to learn to be diplomatic while being firm. Your say matters - you're going to be the one determining if there are bugs serious enough to warrant stopping everything (think of being the guy in a newspaper who has to yell &quot;Hold the presses!&quot;). But you also want to maintain a good working relationship with your colleagues. So make sure you can work on your interpersonal skills.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1661" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T02:43:07.310" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:43:07.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3882" CreationDate="2012-09-27T17:50:46.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sound like you need to do an explicit check on the DOM because the page state is changing after you it the save button.  You will need to recheck the DOM for the element post save.  You could try something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            int count = 0;&#xA;        while (!driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#AdminMainContent_AlertBoxMER1_lbtnOK &amp;gt; span&quot;)).Displayed || count &amp;lt; 50)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(200);&#xA;            count++;&#xA;&#xA;        };&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest that you take a look at the following answer on SO &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5709204/random-element-is-no-longer-attached-to-the-dom-staleelementreferenceexception&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5709204/random-element-is-no-longer-attached-to-the-dom-staleelementreferenceexception&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: the code above is in c#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2012-09-27T20:52:39.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3901" CreationDate="2012-09-28T12:11:00.483" Score="-4" ViewCount="3952" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to the field of software testing. I would like to clarify the following basic things: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As there were different types of testing process, we used to do manually enter testcases and write for an specific web applications...etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I currently understand it a tester would do the following types of manual testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automating the process of web applications which we can't done manually (Eg regression testing) we use automation testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know, what is the need for automation testing? Can anyone explain to me why automation testing should be used, and what is the need for an automation testing process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-28T21:12:06.240" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T17:12:47.043" Title="What is automation testing and why do we need it?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2017-06-12T03:07:34.693" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3899" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-09-28T12:38:01.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;C#&lt;/a&gt; is a multi-paradigm programming language encompassing strong typing, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines. It was developed by Microsoft for use with its .NET framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C# is one of the programming languages designed for the Common Language Infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C# is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language. Its development team is led by Anders Hejlsberg. The most recent version is C# 6.0 which was released in 2015.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3149" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T07:15:42.160" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T07:15:42.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3900" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-09-28T12:38:01.687" Score="0" Body="Use for questions about testing using C#. This can include unit tests, integration tests, UI tests. If a programmed test uses C#, and the question relates to testing rather than to code, the C# tag should be used." OwnerUserId="3149" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T18:11:15.393" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T18:11:15.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3898" CreationDate="2012-09-28T12:50:28.720" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation is using software to test software.  Testers use automation for the same kinds of reasons that other professions use automation: to do things in a more reliable, repeatable way than we could do with people.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other reasons why you might use automation.  For example, it may save time and/or save money, although if it is done in the wrong way or in the wrong circumstances, it may require even more time and more money than using people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The categories of unit testing, integration testing, and system testing are orthogonal to whether you use automation.  Depending on the circumstances, you could do all, some, or none of that automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-09-28T12:50:28.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3898" CreationDate="2012-09-28T13:34:19.717" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation is a tool that can be used to remove the need for humans to have to execute the same checks over and over again as the software is changed as it is being developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use the word &quot;check&quot; as automation doesn't do what a manual tester can do, it doesn't question, or think and make and disprove hypothesis on what bugs exist in software. It simply performs a set of pre-determined actions and verifies that expected behaviours occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-09-28T13:34:19.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3903" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-28T23:19:32.990" Score="1" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to figure out how to get a diverse sample of emails with inline images in them.  Our web application has to be able to identify inline images in email and then display the email and image in a discussion format.  I am looking for any suggestions on how and where to get as many unique examples of this as possible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2974" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-09-29T01:31:52.883" LastActivityDate="2012-11-28T18:04:45.737" Title="Generating emails with inline images" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2012-11-28T20:40:35.080" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3903" CreationDate="2012-09-29T02:14:47.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Host an Open Beta, soliciting such emails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-09-29T02:14:47.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3905" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-09-29T13:38:14.207" Score="5" ViewCount="7099" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently a business analyst, but increasingly as I am working on agile projects. I am including test cases as acceptance criteria for my user stories. I am also interested in becoming more directly involved in the testing side of things as an analyst, but I have some questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In a more traditional software development process (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Rational_Unified_Process&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RUP&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall_model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Waterfall&lt;/a&gt;) one would write test cases, the manual test scripts and test data for each scenario. The problem with this is the time it takes to write such documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the user stories that I create, when I define the acceptance criteria, I write these as self-contained test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In an agile development project&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Would a test analyst then take each test case associated with the user story, write a test script and test data so these can be executed and the results recorded? &lt;em&gt;or...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Would it be better that each acceptance criteria encapsulate not only the test case, but the test execution scripts (using &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Behavioural Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; techniques of &quot;Given...., When.... And... Then....&quot; format) and the associated test data for positive and negative tests? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the best practices here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3151" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:50:58.127" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:50:58.127" Title="Who writes stories and tests in Agile? BA or tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3905" CreationDate="2012-09-29T15:23:56.750" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, FJFG.  As Bruce McLeod &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3669/what-are-the-best-practices-for-integration-testing-of-a-middle-ware&quot;&gt;once wrote&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;There are no 'best practices', there are only good practices in context.&quot;  A good practice for you will depend upon &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; context.  I will suggest some contextual considerations.  You may be aware of others.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your primary job, or at least your initial job, is to own and convey business requirements.  Those requirements have an audience, and you try to tailor how you write the requirements to maximize the chances that your audience will share your vision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only you and your testers can determine how much detail you need to convey in order for them to do their jobs.  If you trust each other, and if each of you listens and communicates carefully, and if all of you are skilled at your jobs, a lot can be left unsaid.  In other words, it may be possible for you to focus on business requirements and for your testers to interpret those requirements from the perspective of testing.  On the other hand, if there is a lack of trust, skill, or listening, you and your testers may need to spend more time in explicit communication.  In other words, your testers may need to ask you for clarification around requirements and/or you may need to be more explicit about test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A potential disadvantage of your providing explicit test cases is that your testers may not perceive the need to think about test cases for themselves.  If you are comfortable with asking your testers to be button pushers and mouse clickers who follow a pre-determined script, that may be a appropriate.  There is a time and a place for that kind of role.  On the other hand, if you want your testers to think for themselves, diagnose problems, and question assumptions, then providing a lot of explicit test cases could put you at cross-purposes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One alternative to writing explicit test cases is to review and provide feedback on the tester's written test cases.  This will give the testers an opportunity to be better testers, and will give you an opportunity to be a better business analyst.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding what an agile process requires in terms of test materials, that is really up to you.  An agile process emphasizes communication over fixed processes.  No one outside your organization can tell you what you must or must not do in order to be agile.  I suggest trying something, paying attention to what happens, and then adjusting accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T17:23:53.387" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3903" CreationDate="2012-09-29T16:22:48.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to clarify your question. What do you mean by diverse sample of emails. Are you talking about different encodings, emails from different providers, different fonts, etc., or are you just talking about emails with embedded images? Also, is there a size limitation on the inline images?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple approach may be to generate random strings of words then randomly insert images at 1 or more points within the message body. Parameterized test data generation is a very potent way to increase data coverage and increase test variability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for where to get the images...the Internet has an amazing amount and variety of images that are publicly available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-09-29T16:22:48.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3823" CreationDate="2012-09-30T06:32:33.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They have a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unit_testing_frameworks#C.2B.2B&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pretty large list at Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;. Unfortunately I have not used any to date so could not provide any recommendation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2829" LastActivityDate="2012-09-30T06:32:33.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-01T09:49:14.390" Score="2" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question may have already been asked/answered in various places, and in various forms, but this is my problem. I have been in software testing for a few years now, most of this has been manual functional testing. I am in a position now where I am testing large websites for various types of clients, quite a few are transaction sites. I need to get into automation testing as I am a lone tester among a team of 20 developers (I know this is crazy but there you go!). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to start using automation tools to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;validate code, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test performance, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and security. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there are many free tools out there but they don't seem to do what I want them to do or have certain limitations. Is there 1 tool out there that is quick and easy to use, is efficient and gives me simple errors that I can raise with the developers to fix? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this doesn't exist what tools would be best to use that I can run on an entire website in order to supplement the manual testing that I am also doing along side? Thanks, hope you can help me sift through the minefield of tools. Obviously free ones would be better but as long they don't cost a bomb, paid for tools would also be considered if they are worth the money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying to make it clear without writing an essay, basically it sounds like there is no such one-size-fits-all tool out there so I now need to find the best tools that give the best value for money for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;code validation (which would include accessibility), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performance &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and security. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The limitations I have found with the tools I've tried so far are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;only being able to validate 1 or a few pages at a time, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;not easy to use, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and not easy to decipher how important a failure is and therefore whether or not I need to stand firm with the developers on getting something fixed or not. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want tools that are easy to use, efficient, and that simply tell me what I need to know in order to raise valid and important bugs, not wasting developers time raising issues that are either not able to be fixed or not worth fixing. I want to add value to the team, not be a pain by raising every issue under the sun, its just not practical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tools I'm after are to supplement the manual testing I'm already doing as neither can replace the other in my experience so I need tools that are a few clicks away that can validate an entire website, not just chunks of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for the responses so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3155" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T05:16:51.227" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T05:16:51.227" Title="One tool to rule them all" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3911" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3912" CreationDate="2012-10-01T10:50:16.577" Score="1" ViewCount="504" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to software testing field ,I clarified for the need of automation tools &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3898/what-is-automation-testing-and-why-do-we-need-it&quot;&gt;What is automation testing and why do we need it?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it arises me the following questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;what were the things care for while choosing an automation testing tool for small/medium/web applications&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before choosing the automation tool I would like to know what were the thing to be noted before choosing an automation testing tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T18:40:04.503" Title="What are the things to care for while choosing an automation testing tool?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3911" CreationDate="2012-10-01T11:32:08.880" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used lots of different tools - some commercial, some open-source, some home-grown - for test automation.  I usually use a mix of such tools in my overall automation efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over the years, I have found some nice-to-have features and attributes that I end up looking for, or building, as I assemble a new Test Automation Suite.  Some of these attributes are part of the tools themselves.  Others come about because of the way I assemble my Test Suites and tools into a complete package.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things are must-haves, and most are obvious:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run in my environment &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate my System-Under-Test &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be able to &quot;see&quot; most of the objects in my System-Under-Test &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usable by my test team &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be affordable &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be generally more efficient than strictly manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other things are nice-to-have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Detect changes in the System-Under-Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create Smoke Tests which run after every build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run unattended&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run overnight, and have a report ready the next morning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate the boring, repetitive stuff&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run predictably and repeatedly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Randomize&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform timings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run some load, stress, and volume tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Isolate failures easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run many tests, in spite of unexpected failures along the way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start wide, build depth later&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate what users do first (Getting Started Manual?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Isolate the maintenance effort&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Produce &quot;readable&quot; scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to reset the environment as needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid false failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extensible - since we cannot predict all uses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Survive trivial changes to the System Under Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate during tests, and at the end as appropriate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to select and run subsets of the entire test suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to select and skip particular tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Variable log levels (Verbose, Normal, Minimal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimize dependencies between scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimize learning curve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimize maintenance time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimize post-run analysis time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimize dependence on golden machines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record and Playback capability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find more details here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/things-i-like-to-have-in-my-test.html&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/things-i-like-to-have-in-my-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T11:32:08.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3910" CreationDate="2012-10-01T11:38:29.590" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there 1 tool out there that is quick and easy to use, is efficient&#xA;  and gives me simple errors that I can raise with the developers to&#xA;  fix?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although you are likely to receive many answers like &quot;try my favorite tool, it's the best&quot;, there is no single tool that is best for everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You haven't indicated the limitations you have found with free tools, and haven't expressed much in the way of your requirements, so it's pretty hard to offer much useful advice here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask and I'm very happy with it, but here's a list of commercial tools that offer trial versions. I'd suggest you try a few:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/trial-versions-of-commercial-test.html&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/trial-versions-of-commercial-test.html&lt;/a&gt; Then perhaps you could come back and asked more directed questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T11:38:29.590" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3910" CreationDate="2012-10-01T11:47:28.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple answer is 'no'. In your question you mention 3 different types of testing - functional, performance and security ( do you care about accessibility ? ) so a security tool is not likely to be good at performance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the devs using to test their work, can you use or get them interested in using a test framework that you in turn could piggy back some of your tests on ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T11:47:28.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3292" CreationDate="2012-10-01T17:00:17.283" Score="8" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;checkboxes = self.browser.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;//input[@name='arr[]']&quot;)&#xA;for checkbox in checkboxes:&#xA;    if not checkbox.isSelected():&#xA;        checkbox.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Previous answer):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not yet familiar with the python syntax, but this is what you can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Return all elements with the given xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.browser.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;//input[@name='arr[]']&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Note that it is find_elements_by_xpath (plural)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Loop through the list to check all checkbox&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-08-05T00:17:35.463" LastActivityDate="2013-08-05T00:17:35.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3874" CreationDate="2012-10-01T17:36:27.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Editing the tests to pass is inappropriate; although it may depend upon the impact of the test failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a test fails quite early and means that other test cases are polluted there may be scope for adding retries or other mechanisms so the test can continue and add more value - &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; please note this is working around a failure. It should still be reported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else you can do depends upon how your results are analysed.  The test system I currently use feeds information into a database and requires a tracking identifier against every failure - and a single script can report multiple failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where we encounter a known failure, we have the following options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do nothing. Somebody needs to look at the failure every time and assign an identifier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a tentative Bug identifier in the test. Somebody needs to confirm that the failure mechanism matches.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a Bug identifier in the test. Fully automatic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fully automatic bug identifiers are useful but how confident are you that the script can determine the exact failure mode ?  We have missed new problems in the past because of a badly coded method of identifying an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alongside this the technique of grouping tests together can be useful. This allows you to split results into &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regression: or should work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;broken: completely unreliable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unreliable: tests that fail &gt;10% of the time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Separating the tests in this way allows you to see new failures (regression campaign), unexpected fixes (broken campaign) and yet still spot major regressions in unreliable scripts (unreliable campaign suddenly fails more than 25% of the time)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These techniques really require some form of simplified analysis front end (a database would do - but that word can scare people)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1177" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T17:36:27.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3905" CreationDate="2012-10-01T18:32:41.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=tl;dr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tl;dr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read different blogs and people's perspectives while you build a &lt;strong&gt;set of practices that are best for you&lt;/strong&gt;.  Note that once you change a job, only a few of those practices might come with you.  Don't get stuck with a few methodologies and practices marketed as the &quot;best practices&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long version:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Best practice&quot; questions will have numerous perspectives and responses, and maybe all of them claim that their theory is backed up by the results they have seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is definitely not wrong or unproductive to read what people think is the best practice, but you will have to create your set of efficient practices for your work environment.  The effectiveness is Testing / Quality Assurance is very relative and is strongly bound to the product, company, work environment, the people you work with and their skills and background e.g. Best practices in an online ad serving company might seem bogus to a person from defense IT background.  The basics (or best practices) do not seem to appear until you have had significant experience, and hence I believe the absence of a formal education for a QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T13:10:46.080" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T13:10:46.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2267" CreationDate="2012-10-01T21:58:45.687" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &quot;dragAndDropToObject&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to drag &quot;A&quot; and drop to Location of &quot;B&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Command: dragAndDropToObject&#xA;Target: enter the Xpath or CSS path of A&#xA;value: enter the Xpath or CSS path of B&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3159" LastActivityDate="2012-10-01T21:58:45.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3905" CreationDate="2012-10-01T23:22:16.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thank you, this confirms my suspicions regarding the need to produce detailed test cases, manual/automated test scripts and data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proposal&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that way forward is to encapsulate this in the acceptance criteria for each user story, and make acceptance criteria for each user story a test case that contains the minimum information to test and validate the functionality defined in the user story, something expressed using BDD. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TC3145:Scenario: Email the XXXX Editor:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Given &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;the email address of the XXXX Editor for the is known and stored by the YYYY Content Management System as a known fixed variable, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;And I wish to email the [page] XXXX Editor about my concerns concerning the site usage policies as elaborated in the Site Terms and Conditions, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I click on “Email the XXXX Editor”, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Then &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;the YYYY Content Management System presents me with the web form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And when &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I complete the form, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Then &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;the YYYY Content Management System sends the email message to the XXXX&#xA;  Editor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think? My thoughts would be not to do this for every function, as some could be simply checked with &quot;verify that.... produces the &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Another question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, just one more thing.... I have been asked about performing UAT testing for releasing the developed software application to production. In terms of the old V model, at this stage, there should be no bugs (one hopes!) and so, UAT is to validate that the application is &quot;fit for purpose&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case, what would you advise? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case, would it be appropriate to create some high level end-to-end manual test scripts and data to validate the high level application and systems process to operate as per the business requirements as elaborated in the key user stories? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would other suggest for UAT in an agile development project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3151" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T22:16:10.927" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T22:16:10.927" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5448" CreationDate="2012-10-02T15:23:04.193" Score="5" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say you have defined some abstract interface and you specify a general contract for that interface to which all implementations must adhere. Are there common techniques that can facilitate testing the conformance of arbitrary implementations to that general contract?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my environment we have a large collection of such abstract interfaces that define a common interface to several different hardware systems. My current approach is to define a set of &lt;em&gt;conformance tests&lt;/em&gt; that work solely with the abstract interfaces. These tests are then packed into a library which again is imported by the actual unit tests of the implementations. These instantiate the tests and also provide a factory which generates concrete testee instances that will be tested by the conformance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In theory this approach sounds fine, but in practice writing the conformance tests is very difficult and the value of their results appears to be very limited, because a lot of additional information about the testee instances is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example (pseudo code):&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;the abstract interface is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;myinterface&#xA;{&#xA;// Triggers some behaviour and returns immediately. While the behaviour is active,&#xA;// getState() returns *Running*. If an error occurrs the state changes to *Halted*.&#xA;function run();&#xA;function getState : State;&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This interface and its contract are very simple, yet the test case for this is (relatively) difficult to write and its result says little about whether or not the implementation is doing the right thing or not. Is my approach reasonable or would I be better off just writing separate unit tests for all implementations? Are there other techniques that could help to achieve what I want (i.e.: guarantee the conformance of different implementations to the contract of their general interface).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3160" LastActivityDate="2020-04-29T16:40:48.683" Title="Are there common techniques for testing the conformance of an implementation to a general contract?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3923" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-02T15:43:43.897" Score="5" ViewCount="1003" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new at selenium testing and am writing a bunch of tests for a webpage that relies heavily on javascript user interaction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first I wrote a lot of assertions of the style &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; If I press button A then&#xA;      assert number of visible rows = x,&#xA;      assert checkboxes checked are such&#xA;      assert title = bar&#xA;      .... [20 more]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I switched to checksumming the HTML using MD5:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; If I press button A then &#xA;     assert md5(html) = 8548bccac94e35d9836f1fec0da8115c.  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it made my life a whole lot easier...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is this a bad practice in any way?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I know a HTML file a.htm is working correctly, I copy it as&#xA;a_test.htm as a testcase I make all checksums using selenium in&#xA;&lt;code&gt;dictionary.txt ('show_all' : ' 8548bccac94e35d9836f1fec0da8115c,&#xA;'hide_all'    :3fdec30c2731d22e2516b1cd1261a1e1, 'filter_by_id_click'&#xA;:    3fdec30c2731d22e2516b1cd1261a1e1) and so on..&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use cases are done in selenium &lt;code&gt;(driver.findbuttonShowAll.click(), assert(md5(html)==dict['show_all])&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Further development that doesn't brake expected html output is safe, when assertion fails I diff the htmls...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE : &#xA;Note that taking this approach &lt;strong&gt;can check dynamic behaviour&lt;/strong&gt;, because of the fact that the md5 strings are build browserspecific from html in memory.  The html is extracted from &lt;strong&gt;a selenium webelement&lt;/strong&gt; that in its turn is taken from the current &lt;strong&gt;webdriver state&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;em&gt;am not&lt;/em&gt; changing the way selenium handles things, just comparing the underlaying html.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get dynamic content, I pass the loaded webdriver to a helper method that extracts the outerHTML of a given xpath expression (python)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def get_outerHTML_by_xpath(p_driver, p_xpath_expression):&#xA;    webelement = p_driver.find_element_by_xpath(p_xpath_expression)    &#xA;    outerHTML= p_driver.execute_script(&quot;return arguments[0].outerHTML&quot; , webelement)    &#xA;    return outerHTML&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3161" LastEditorUserId="3161" LastEditDate="2012-10-02T20:49:11.127" LastActivityDate="2012-10-02T20:49:11.127" Title="Selenium testing using checksums of html" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3923" CreationDate="2012-10-02T17:39:21.597" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Peter, welcome to SQA.  Rather than label the MD5 approach bad or not bad, it may help to think about how it relates to an image capture approach, i.e. an approach in which you compare browser screenshots.  I do not mean to imply that these two approaches are the only ones worth considering; rather, they are worth comparing because both ignore the meaning of the page in exchange for a easily described, coarse-grained comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;External resources&lt;/strong&gt;.  The MD5 approach, as you stated it, ignores external resources such as stylesheets, images, Javascript, and applets, whereas the image approach captures the visual gestalt of everything loaded in the browser.  Of course, with some extra work the MD5 approach could checksum those external resources, too.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hidden fields&lt;/strong&gt;.  The MD5 approach includes hidden fields in the checksum; the image capture approach does not.  Hidden fields may be irrelevant to whether the page is visually correct, but knowing their values may help diagnose problems with how the page (or subsequent pages) behave.  If a hidden field is dynamically generated, the MD5 approach may fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dynamic IDs&lt;/strong&gt;.  Some frameworks use dynamic IDs in the HTML.  The MD5 approach fails with dynamic IDs; the image capture approach is oblivious to dynamic IDs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other dynamic behavior&lt;/strong&gt;. Some user interfaces incorporate the current time into the HTML, either visually or in hidden fields.  Both MD5 and image capture approaches would fail with that kind of page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Browser dependencies&lt;/strong&gt;.  The same HTML (and external resources) may behave correctly in one browser but not in another.   Of course behavior can vary among different versions of the same browser, too.  The MD5 approach would tell you whether the right HTML is loaded into the page.  Different browsers will not necessarily load resources in the same order (or load them at all), so your MD5 approach would need to deal with that.  The image capture approach would require capturing images per browser, which would increase your maintenance cost.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there are other ways to approach visual capture -- see &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; for example -- but that is beside the point, which is this: there is more than one way to approach coarse-grained comparisons, and each has their own trade-offs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to think about your question is in terms of how it would fit into your testing process.  Somewhere in the process, someone tests the user interface manually to look for things that are hard to detect automatically, e.g. visual/layout problems, timing issues, and spelling/wording problems.  Would that be the same person who maintains the automated tests?  If not, how do you avoid duplicating work?  Of course this problem arises with assertion-style automation too, but assertion-style testing does not attempt to account for visual issues, whereas you could argue that part of deciding that it is time to checksum a page is that the page is visually correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-10-02T17:39:21.597" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3905" CreationDate="2012-10-02T18:11:46.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see design of requirements (user stories) and test cases (acceptance criteria, scenario's) as a collaborative effort of business analysts, developers and testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BA typically kicks of with the initial user story and acceptance criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further elaboration (conversation, architecture meeting, story analysis,...) may&#xA; - split the user story&#xA; - make acceptance criteria specific by examples and (like Given-Then-When scenario's)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both BA, dev and test perspective are essential to define and refactor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not sequential process, but a result of interaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.pl/search?q=3-amigos%20meetings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;3-amigos meetings&quot;&lt;/a&gt; to find more on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3162" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T22:00:31.107" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T22:00:31.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3927" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-02T23:59:34.050" Score="5" ViewCount="1763" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new at the QA role, and need to do QA for websites my company builds/maintains/hosts.  Need a MAC or a PC laptop that can run as VM running Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7, and MAC OS.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideal would be to purchase a laptop that's built for QA job.  Would like operating systems to run at the same time, and would wire up a few different monitors so I could see differences in how websites look in different OS/browsers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any machines that are already built for QA that would allow this ?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3166" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:01:57.540" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:01:57.540" Title="What pcs can run different Operating Systems so I can do QA testing in each?" Tags="&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3882" CreationDate="2012-10-03T09:28:40.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi  guys  i got it working when i changed the code as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;new WebDriverWait(driver, 100).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.id(&quot;AdminMainContent_AlertBoxMER1_lblMsg&quot;)));&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//waiting for the alert box to get displayed&#xA;        System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;AdminMainContent_AlertBoxMER1_lblMsg&quot;)).getText());&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//displaying the text in the alert box&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T09:28:40.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3927" CreationDate="2012-10-03T09:41:18.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Buy a MAC laptop and put &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VirtualBox&lt;/a&gt; on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't run MAC OS on a PC, Apple won't license it. But you can run Windows on a MAC, so the choice of hardware is easy. VirtualBox runs on a MAC and supports Windows as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Guest_OSes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Guest OS&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if you can buy a MAC that's already configured for this, but VirtualBox is reasonably easy to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T09:41:18.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3927" CreationDate="2012-10-03T10:30:08.480" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To achieve what you want you will need a Macbook. You are not allowed under the Mac OS X EULA to run their software on a machine that is not made by Apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... you are granted a limited, non-transferable, non-exclusive license:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(iii) to install, use and run up to two (2) additional copies or&#xA;  instances of the Apple Software within virtual operating system&#xA;  environments on each Mac Computer you own or control that is already&#xA;  running the Apple Software, for purposes of: (a) software development;&#xA;  (b) testing during software development; (c) using OS X Server; or (d)&#xA;  personal, non-commercial use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to virtualisation software you have three options, Virtual Box, Parallels and VMWare Fusion. Each of them will do the job I personally use Parallels, and haven't used VMWare Fusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are running virtual Machines, you will need as much RAM and disk as the machine can take. You also have the option of running iOS simulators as well if required, but you will need the Retina Macbook pro to test them at anything close to native resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I now use a fully pimped out 13&quot; Macbook air, and it ticks all these boxes for a very reasonable price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T10:30:08.480" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="35880" CreationDate="2012-10-03T18:15:14.123" Score="13" ViewCount="16704" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have around 200 test classes for my web application at the moment.  I use Selenium2/Webdriver and the tests are written in java, with TestNG used as my framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run each test by itself, the test will pass 100% of the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I clump any number of tests together into a suite, running the suite will yield random results to my tests.  Some will fail one run, pass another, fail another but in a different line of code, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a known way to ensure the stability of automated tests when run in a TestNG suite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&#xA;The failures are speed related.  Some WebElements will time-out and cannot be found while other times I can see the automation moving more quickly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our Setup macro, for example, will fail randomly.  It consists of entering a user/pass, clicking a button, selecting a role from a list by clicking on it, and then clicking the continue button.  The button becomes enabled once a role is selected.  Sometimes the test will try to push the button before it has been enabled.  I have not implemented a waitForElement because there are no issues when the test is ran independently.  That's just one example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="2681" LastEditDate="2012-10-03T19:51:01.007" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T05:09:03.543" Title="Automated tests pass every time when run individually, but when they are clumped into a test suite it's a toss up if the tests will pass" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3931" CreationDate="2012-10-03T18:54:43.510" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suspect this is not a TestNG issue.  I would start by trying to produce a minimal set of tests that, when run together, cause failures.  After that, I would explore these possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inter-test interaction changes test-application interaction:&lt;/strong&gt;  It is possible that interaction between your tests changes how your test interactions with your application.  A way to check this is to add logging your tests, and then compare the logged data when a test is in isolation to the log data when the test is run with other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inter-test interaction violates test's preconditions:&lt;/strong&gt;  Each test assumes some preconditions.  If the preconditions are not  met, the test fails.  Some preconditions will be explicit (preconditions the test checks for beforehand or sets up on its own); others will be implicit (preconditions the test assumes or that the author forgot to think about).  Usually it is the implicit ones that give you problems.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inter-test interaction changes how your test processes its result:&lt;/strong&gt;  It is possible that interaction between your tests causes bugs in how a test analyzes its interactions with the web application.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inter-test interaction uncovers application bugs:&lt;/strong&gt;  Of course, it is always possible that you found an actual application bug.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inter-test interaction causes resource problems:&lt;/strong&gt;  It is possible that running many tests causes you to consume too much of a resource.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T18:54:43.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3933" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-03T19:43:02.393" Score="17" ViewCount="5041" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm somewhat new to Selenium and I have a problem. Whenever I write a test case, that test case starts with logging in, and it's the same four steps every time. If I change the password for that account, I'll have to change it individually in every test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I break those login commands out to keep my tests more DRY?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3168" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T21:31:51.400" Title="How do I keep Selenium test cases DRY?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3933" CreationDate="2012-10-03T19:50:58.830" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Read up on page objects eg &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/tutorials/selenium/page-object-pattern.htm&quot;&gt;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/tutorials/selenium/page-object-pattern.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ralphlavelle.net/2012/08/the-page-object-pattern-for-ui-tests.html&quot;&gt;http://www.ralphlavelle.net/2012/08/the-page-object-pattern-for-ui-tests.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T19:50:58.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3933" CreationDate="2012-10-03T20:38:46.447" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use an Abstract class. I have our entire login procedure in an abstract class and just call that method as the first thing in my test. If any credentials need to be changed, you only need to change them in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method in my abstract class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void getBaseURLAndLoginTestUser() throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.get(BASE_URL);&#xA;&#xA;    assertEquals(&quot;some text here&quot;, findElementBySelector(&quot;h3&quot;).getText());&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement userName = findElementById(&quot;j_username&quot;);&#xA;    userName.clear();&#xA;    userName.sendKeys(&quot;testing1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement password = findElementById(&quot;j_password&quot;);&#xA;    password.clear();&#xA;    password.sendKeys(&quot;testing1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement loginButton = findElementById(&quot;modalDialogButton&quot;);&#xA;    loginButton.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is then used in another method in my abstract:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void setup() throws Exception &#xA;{&#xA;        getBaseURLAndLoginTestUser();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement selectRole =  findElementByXpath(&quot;//div[@id='selectRoles']/ul/li[text()='loginRole (Dept C)']&quot;);&#xA;        selectRole.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement continueButton = findElementById(&quot;continue&quot;);&#xA;        continueButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2500);&#xA;&#xA;        assertEquals(&quot;some text here&quot;, findElementBySelector(&quot;header.container_12.clearfix &amp;gt; h1&quot;).getText());&#xA;&#xA;        String destinationUrl = navigateToUrl(getNavigationUrl());&#xA;        driver.get(destinationUrl);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And FINALLY, all you see in my test class is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NameOfClass extends AbstractClass&#xA;{&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public void setup() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        super.setup();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to use &lt;code&gt;super&lt;/code&gt; because I change the URL I am navigating to, which is contained in another abstract class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2014-06-19T09:39:03.757" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T09:39:03.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3933" CreationDate="2012-10-03T21:08:32.080" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;squeemish and Phil offer great advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To their excellent answers I would add:  If you are using Selenium IDE to create tests by recording, stop doing that.  Learn (soon) how to write tests from scratch, in the programming language of your choice.  Use Selenium IDE (and other record-and-playback tools) only to explore and to try out ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for my advice is that record-and-playback tools have no way of knowing your intentions, or what makes a given UI gizmo interesting to you.  All it knows is that you clicked on it or typed something into it.  So it can never generate the kinds of meaningful abstractions that squeemish and Phil describe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to learn how to write tests from scratch is to start with a test you've created via Selenium IDE.  Notice what &quot;code smell&quot; is bugging you most about the test.  Learn what refactoring to apply to remove the smell.  Rinse and repeat until the test is expressive and maintainable.  Then do it again with the next test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over time, you will learn what you want the tests to look like.  Then you can use what you've learned to write good tests from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With people who are new to test automation, I tend to focus on three principles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove duplication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name every important idea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hide incidental details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a paper where I give an example of how to do this: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dhemery.com/pdf/writing_maintainable_automated_acceptance_tests.pdf&quot;&gt;http://dhemery.com/pdf/writing_maintainable_automated_acceptance_tests.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this example, I stayed within the tool (Robot Framework) rather than shifting to a more general programming language.  But the principles are the same.  And here's a nice video of Bob Martin applying the same principles using a different test tool (FitNesse): &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.objectmentor.com/articles/2009/12/07/writing-maintainable-automated-acceptance-tests&quot;&gt;http://blog.objectmentor.com/articles/2009/12/07/writing-maintainable-automated-acceptance-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-10-03T21:08:32.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2012-10-04T02:51:37.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's also a simple old school method of comparing a given screenshot/image to a reference one in checking that they have the same MD5/SHA1 hash. That unfortunately likely may not work for screenshots of whole web pages. But it will at least work for comparing of individual images on a web page. Thought I'd point it out though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1881" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T02:51:37.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3938" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-04T10:51:42.947" Score="1" ViewCount="547" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a training course for Selenium automation testing. I am a bit confused comparing Selenium RC to Selenium2/Webdriver, since the latest release of Selenium2/Webdriver has all of the functionality of Selenium RC. Webdriver is more robust than RC. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is training on Selenium RC pertinent or will training focused solely on Selenium2/Webdriver be sufficient?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3171" LastEditorUserId="3171" LastEditDate="2012-10-05T05:09:32.400" LastActivityDate="2012-11-04T05:59:10.327" Title="Selenium RC is out dated or still in the market after selenium 2.5 release?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3941" CreationDate="2012-10-04T13:09:55.027" Score="7" ViewCount="448" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working in a small agile team and I am trying to decide if a test plan is worth creating or if it is then what to include. Currently working on a story that I believe could do with some documentation to use as a guide and keep track of what is tested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am unable to just create a script and follow that due to the nature of the story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2989" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-02T00:06:46.723" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T01:29:49.970" Title="How in depth should test plans be in agile environments?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;planning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3939" CreationDate="2012-10-04T13:31:53.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Teague.  Your test plan is part of a feedback loop.  You convey something about the project to whoever is testing.  They test the project, find some problems, and fail to find others.  You incorporate what you observed into how you write your next test plan.  It is all about paying attention and being open to changing what you do according to the circumstances.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably have a hunch for the right depth for a test plan.  Start there, then try what I just described.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-04T13:38:04.803" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T13:38:04.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3939" CreationDate="2012-10-04T13:51:37.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test plan is worth creating if there is something that needs documented testing.  It may be frustrating to see a test plan with only a few steps, but if you realize the purpose of the necessity of documentation, it doesn't matter how small the test plan is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should include whatever it is that needs testing.  Whether it's an anticipated UI response to interaction or a back-end component that gets updated, if it needs to be verified that an action occurred or did not occur, it should be included in the test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work in an agile environment, and sometimes it requires test plans to be updated due to design changes.  In an agile environment, that comes with the definition of the strategy.  Just be sure to stay on top of changes that need to be made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T13:51:37.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3938" CreationDate="2012-10-04T14:02:06.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Training in Selenium RC would be pertinent.  The percentage of your training on it would be up to you and the information you wish to impart on your class.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3619824/whats-the-relationship-between-selenium-rc-and-webdriver&quot;&gt;This question&lt;/a&gt; should be a nice resource to compare the differences and see what fits your training agenda best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T14:02:06.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3943" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-04T15:13:49.507" Score="3" ViewCount="3808" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently we (in the team) are using silktest (for last 8-9 years) and now looking for other tools to replace silktest, it's a different argument on why to look for other tool, setting that aside, here we go. The following are the requirements and would be great to hear your suggestions on this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AUT: Web based (with .NET)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tool need to interact with Database (MS SQL server) &amp;amp; vb.net utilities (front end for other teams to trigger exec)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should be able to run on remote pool of machines. (Scripts run 24x7 on the machines)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do NOT need integration with test management tool. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open source tools would be great.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Looking for a robust tool with a strong framework to build on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm in a very small team and would like to hear some constructive comments/criticisms. I was reading all the other similar questions and found that the suggestions were more towards selenium, watir/watin...etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3173" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-04T15:56:06.203" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T07:20:01.387" Title="UI and DB automation tool suggestions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3943" CreationDate="2012-10-04T17:30:46.767" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working on a new UI automation &amp;amp; testing tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getautoma.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automa&lt;/a&gt;. It's in early stage of development and at the moment provides basic functionality. However, we have already released the first version, which allows automating UI commands on Windows applications in a very easy way, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;start(&quot;notepad&quot;)&#xA;type(&quot;Hello World!&quot;)&#xA;click(&quot;File&quot;, then=&quot;Save&quot;)&#xA;enter(&quot;test.txt&quot;, into=&quot;File name&quot;)&#xA;click(&quot;Save&quot;)&#xA;click(&quot;File&quot;, &quot;Exit&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getautoma.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automa&lt;/a&gt; is written in Python and can be used either as a standalone application or imported as a library to any other Python program. The commands are so simple that non-devs can easily use it. Maybe you'll find it useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3175" LastEditorUserId="3175" LastEditDate="2012-10-04T20:19:49.247" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T20:19:49.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3686" CreationDate="2012-10-04T18:51:33.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this will work for pyunit but in Robot Framework, you can access singletons which represent the test suite and test case during the run.&#xA;May be the unittest runner you are using provides the same functionality instead of having to inspect the stack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2380" LastActivityDate="2012-10-04T18:51:33.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3943" CreationDate="2012-10-05T04:34:24.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend the following based on your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you need to interact with SQL server and have a windows client I would recommend that you need to use either .net and C# and winforms, or ruby and &lt;a href=&quot;http://shoesrb.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;shoes&lt;/a&gt; as your development environment. I would highly recommend that you use the same language and environment that you developers use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation of the .Net web application should be done using &lt;a href=&quot;http://watin.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt;, I am a long time WatiN user and it is an awesome framework, but if starting out now I would probably use webdriver as it is becoming a W3C standard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To access the database you can use any number of client libraries in either environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These solutions will be robust, but coding heavy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend that you look into using &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Specflow&lt;/a&gt; to define your test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-10-09T07:20:01.387" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T07:20:01.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3943" CreationDate="2012-10-05T14:29:50.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://watin.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt; is a web testing framework designed to be used with a .NET stack.  The code you write is also .NET so you can interact with your database in the same way that your actual application accesses it (i.e through your ORM, API or whatever).  It's also open source and runs via MsTest so no additional applications are needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As has already been noted, it's also a good idea to look into &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org/specflownew/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpecFlow&lt;/a&gt; which has also been designed for .NET and is also open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2301" LastActivityDate="2012-10-05T14:29:50.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3953" CreationDate="2012-10-05T18:18:41.327" Score="3" ViewCount="1022" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have begun to use SpecFlow and WatiN to automate UI tests in IE9, and am encountering a maddening problem which may have nothing do to with either, but hey. I have the following step:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Then]&#xA;public void Then_I_should_see_the_model_detail_screen()&#xA;{&#xA;    Regex r = new Regex(Nav.ModelView + @&quot;1[0-9]+&quot;, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);&#xA;    bool isMatch = r.IsMatch(WebBrowser.Driver.Url);&#xA;    Span span = WebBrowser.Current.Span(Find.ById(&quot;ScreenTitle&quot;));&#xA;    string title = span.Exists ? span.Text : &quot;&quot;;&#xA;    Assert.IsTrue(isMatch);&#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(_DummyModel.Title, title);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I place a breakpoint at the first Assert statement, title is an empty string, even though span.Exists is true and span.Text has a value. Furthermore, isMatch is false even though the pattern matches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if I place a breakpoint at the top of the method and step through, isMatch is true and title is populated with the value of span.Text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test fails if I don't run it in debug, too, which is of course the main issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: If I place a Thead.Sleep(1000) at the top of this method, it works as expected. I forgot to mention that this method is running during/after a redirect. My guess is that this method is evaluating before the redirect is finished, but in debug mode I'm able to see the &quot;live&quot; values of the WebBrowser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is there a better way to wait for the redirect to finish, or to check that I've been redirected?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3141" LastEditorUserId="3141" LastEditDate="2012-10-05T18:26:43.457" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T17:03:25.480" Title="BDD SpecFlow w/WatiN test during/after redirect" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;&lt;watin&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3949" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-06T03:33:42.320" Score="5" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, the way we do this on LedgerSMB is to have SQL scripts which insert records into a test results table.  This table is created in a transaction which runs the tests, and the tests always rollback.  A wrapper program in Perl runs these scripts, checks the results of the test_result table, and reports errors back up to the test harness.  There are some advantages here, including the fact that tests can be run on a live, production DB without contaminating it (and thus also move between QA and support as a tool), and we don't require any additional components to run the tests.  In fact, you can run the tests passably using just psql.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One possible direction we are considering going is to move the test scripts to pgTAP and also centralize test data logic.  This would seem to give us more options and might allow us to do exception testing and expand the reach of the test scripts, but it would mean additional dependencies for testing, and would likely rule out as a general support tool or one that could be run as part of the installation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which approach is best?  The current one or pgTap?  Or would it be better to adopt a hybrid approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3181" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T05:44:54.607" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T05:44:54.607" Title="weighing tools/approaches for testing of database components" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="3952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3355" CreationDate="2012-10-06T05:47:24.263" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in the same situation&#xA;while testing we find too many bugs&#xA;so I suggest u that don't give too much time to developer &#xA;ask them to develop the application as fast as possible&#xA;and then u can start testing with the latest built that u have&#xA;it will be good for u and for your team too&#xA;TY&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2988" LastActivityDate="2012-10-06T05:47:24.263" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3948" CreationDate="2012-10-06T15:54:52.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The insertion of Thread.Sleep() is typically indicative of a race condition in your test and your test is running out of sync with the thing is it testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One suggestion may be to insert a polling loop to wait for the redirect, or an event to indicate the redirect has happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/?p=652&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/?p=652&lt;/a&gt; and read the comments for additional ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="6564" LastEditDate="2013-12-18T17:03:25.480" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T17:03:25.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3869" CreationDate="2012-10-06T18:23:57.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of ways to keep track of the requirements.The very important thing to be considered is to keep track of requirements and changes from the Inception of thoughts/Requirement analysis, without which it might become a costly affair. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirement Analysis Aiding Tools-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An Excel sheet could sometimes be the simplest way to keep track of requirements and impact analysis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've used HP Quality center, Which was really a very good ALM tool for Requirement trace-ability and Impact Analysis. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've not used Doors but that could be another good option. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Process:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Categorize the Requirements/Use Cases/Stories. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Each Category Draft the requirements relating the list of dependencies. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a Matrix with the Requirements and Dependencies as Base.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Impact Analysis should consider all the dependencies.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So whenever there is a change in the requirement around a particular categorized feature all the dependencies must be considered and all related requirements/Stories/use cases must be handled. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you've mentioned changes happen every 2 weeks, one more way of avoiding unexpected breaks and miss in any dependent features would be following a Continuous Integration Test Driven Development, where any breaks and dependent issues will be identified when you are committing the changes to the build. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even after a perfect impact analysis, you could still see issues but keeping that under control should be the goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3182" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-14T12:04:53.150" LastActivityDate="2012-10-14T12:04:53.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3955" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3987" CreationDate="2012-10-08T06:16:16.437" Score="2" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a test case where I shall enter details for a deal to be scheduled for a future date and time. I have a pop up which is listing all existing deals having check boxes for selecting one of them independently. I could create and run the test case successfully only once but on further executions the first check box is always getting selected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//steps to click on a check box &#xA;&#xA;new WebDriverWait(driver, 100).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(.,'CAR')]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;String s=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(.,'CAR')]&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;id&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;int number=Integer.parseInt(s.split(&quot;_&quot;)[3]);&#xA;&#xA;String chkboxid=&quot;AdminMainContent_grdDealDetails_chkSelect_&quot;+number;&#xA;&#xA;new WebDriverWait(driver, 100).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.id(chkboxid)));&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(chkboxid)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;//click on ok button&#xA;new WebDriverWait(driver,100).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.id(&quot;AdminMainContent_lbtnOkGrid&quot;)));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;AdminMainContent_lbtnOkGrid&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-06T23:14:33.287" LastActivityDate="2012-11-06T23:14:33.287" Title="Check-box remains checked up after test and impacts another tests" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3956" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-08T06:17:04.793" Score="2" ViewCount="3264" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please provide answers in detail, So that we could clarify that which one is to choose, Web driver or Selenium RC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3171" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T18:04:38.703" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:56:40.170" Title="What are the advantages of web driver over selenium RC?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3956" CreationDate="2012-10-08T12:54:21.710" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe this question I asked several months ago on stackoverflow can do some help to you: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9781940/selenium-vs-webdriver-any-obvious-advantages&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9781940/selenium-vs-webdriver-any-obvious-advantages&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Although I said I decided to use RC at that time, I turn to webdriver short after that. Yes, webdriver has problems, but it is upgrading time after time. I would rather try the new features of webdriver developed by selenium groups, than using the old, end-of-life selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3134" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-10-08T12:54:21.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3960" CreationDate="2012-10-08T13:07:33.673" Score="4" ViewCount="14001" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say we have the following HTML code. What I want is to locate to the label element whose text is &lt;b&gt;'AgendaShowCapacity&amp;nbsp;(1 remaining)'&lt;/b&gt; with XPath.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;pageContent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;fieldset&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;legend&amp;gt;Agenda&amp;lt;/legend&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;ol class='fieldList custom' data-section='0'&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;li class=&quot;checkboxLeft&quot; data-id=&quot;467578&quot; data-z=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;           &#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldHolder1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;input id=&quot;467578&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;467578&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldHolder2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;label for=&quot;467578&quot;&amp;gt;AgendaShowCapacity&amp;amp;nbsp;(1 remaining)&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;li class=&quot;checkboxLeft&quot; data-id=&quot;467579&quot; data-z=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;           &#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldHolder1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;input id=&quot;467579&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;467579&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldHolder2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;label for=&quot;467579&quot;&amp;gt;AgendaHideReached&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;li class=&quot;checkboxLeft&quot; data-id=&quot;467580&quot; data-z=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;           &#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldHolder1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;input id=&quot;467580&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;467580&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldHolder2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;label for=&quot;467580&quot;&amp;gt;AgendaShowMessage&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;li class=&quot;checkboxLeft&quot; data-id=&quot;467584&quot; data-z=&quot;4&quot;&amp;gt;           &#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldHolder1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;input id=&quot;467584&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;467584&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldHolder2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;label for=&quot;467584&quot;&amp;gt;AgendaWaitlist&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/ol&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/fieldset&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;buttonGroup&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;button type=&quot;button&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$cph$ctlNavigation$btnAddAnother&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;SubmitForm(this);return false;&quot;&amp;gt;Add Another Person&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;textBetweenButtons&quot;&amp;gt;or&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;button type=&quot;submit&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$cph$ctlNavigation$btnContinue&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;SubmitForm(this);return false;&quot;&amp;gt;Continue&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;And here is the sample C# code using selenium-webdriver to locate that element.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;// Go to the page containing the html code above&#xA;IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//div[@id='pageContent']//legend/following-sibling::ol/li/div/label[text()='AgendaShowCapacity (1 remaining)']&quot;));&#xA;// Do something to that element&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;But this doesn't work, webdriver tells me that it can't find that element using the xpath I provided. So I assumed there's some tricky points (which I can't figure out) with parentheses in that xpath expression:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id='pageContent']//legend/following-sibling::ol/li/div/label[text()='AgendaShowCapacity (1 remaining)']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Any ideas would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Edit 2012-10-9&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Just like user246 said, the key point is &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt; (I confirmed this once more in the original .aspx page, so I'm quite sure it is an &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt;, NOT a space).&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I tried replacing the first blank with an &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt;, so the xpath changes to &lt;code&gt;//label[text()='AgendaShowCapacity&amp;amp;nbsp;(1 remaining)']&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;However it still doesn't work.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I edit the HTML for that label element with Firebug, replacing &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt; with a space, i.e.  changing &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;467578&quot;&amp;gt;AgendaShowCapacity&amp;amp;nbsp;(1 remaining)&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;467578&quot;&amp;gt;AgendaShowCapacity (1 remaining)&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, this time FirePath found it using xpath &lt;code&gt;//label[text()='AgendaShowCapacity (1 remaining)']&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;So I think we can come to a conclusion that &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt; is NOT equivalent to a space in xpath.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;BTW, I was verifying the xpath with FirePath in Firefox 13.0.1, but I don't think different browser would make any difference since I've also verified in Chrome21 and got the same result.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;So this question has turned to &lt;b&gt;'How to indicate an &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt; in xpath'&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3134" LastEditorUserId="3134" LastEditDate="2012-10-09T02:55:52.790" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T02:55:52.790" Title="How to indicate an `&amp;nbsp;` in xpath?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3959" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4990" CreationDate="2012-10-08T13:15:37.497" Score="1" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm very new to BDD testing, and would like to ask, is it possible/OK to test ASP MVC3 actions directly (using &lt;code&gt;WebClient&lt;/code&gt;) using SpecFlow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Login&#xA;&#xA;Scenario: Logging in&#xA;    Given I post form to http://someurl/account/logon with parameters username='test' and password='123'&#xA;    Then I expect it to be redirected to the http://someurl/home&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3192" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2012-10-14T12:05:23.617" LastActivityDate="2012-10-14T19:46:02.067" Title="SpecFlow - test MVC3 Web site with action calls" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3958" CreationDate="2012-10-08T13:33:10.023" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bruce, welcome to SQA.  The label in the element in question is &lt;code&gt;AgendaShowCapacity&amp;amp;nbsp;(1 remaining)&lt;/code&gt;, but the label in your XPath is &lt;code&gt;AgendaShowCapacity (1 remaining)&lt;/code&gt;.  I am not sure a blank and an &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt; are equivalent in an XPath.  Have you tried replacing that first blank with an &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt; in your XPath?    Another way to rule out the &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt; would be to replace &lt;code&gt;label[text()='AgendaShowCapacity (1 remaining)']&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;label[starts-with(text(),'AgendaShowCapacity')]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-10-08T13:33:10.023" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3943" CreationDate="2012-10-08T14:29:30.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have faced a similar situation in my current role. Custom development with selenium worked out well. Sharing my learning's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AUT: Web based (with .NET)&lt;/strong&gt; - Since it is web based UI, You should be able to use Selenium. You can code test cases in C# &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tool need to interact with Database&lt;/strong&gt; - Inside the test code open a DB connection and fetch required parameters if you need to past it to a test case. In case if it is independant operation execute it as a seperate console app. On console app is success trigger the UI tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Should be able to run on remote pool of machines&lt;/strong&gt; - I had a similar scenario. You can create a .NET code and invoke the applications both Console APP, Selenium tests in a sequential manner. This application which invokes can be scheduled using &lt;strong&gt;windows scheduler&lt;/strong&gt; to run on scheduled manner. Using System.Diagnostics namespace you have Process class which provides options to execute exes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Open source tools would be great&lt;/strong&gt; - C#, Selenium is a good combination. If you are good in java you can also try it out&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Options&lt;/strong&gt; - Another alternate option is use batch files to execute the exe's / selenium tests. Quick learning is needed to implement using batch files in windows &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C# Learning&lt;/strong&gt; - Learning's C# is quite easy if you are familiar with C/C++&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Advice&lt;/strong&gt; - Do not taget the big picture in one go, develop the components one at a time. This will be a very good learning and a good foundation to learn developing automation tools, You have to refactor to make it robust. Perfection cannot be attained in first attempt, Code - Review - Refactor - Relearn&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-10-08T14:29:30.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3943" CreationDate="2012-10-08T20:46:15.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked with a few automated tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Quick Test PRofessional. It is expensive, but it is not that tough to get started with your test cases. It can automate, Flex, Windows objects. Also, It can communicate with SQL Server and you can write your automated test case scripts in VB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Selenium is a free test automation tool. You can use a variety of programming languages to automate your test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) I have build a test framework in Perl. Using Perl, I can test web services, Databases, Interact with Web Pages. I would take more time to learn it and design the test tool, but it is a lot of fun. Also you will learn a lot about the Technology, since one would poke around here and there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3195" LastActivityDate="2012-10-08T20:46:15.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3955" CreationDate="2012-10-09T02:14:11.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is the test getting executed further? In a loop?&#xA;Is number and chkboxid re-generated with each execution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check that the id for each checkbox are what you are expecting for each execution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2380" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T02:14:11.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3965" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-09T06:31:06.437" Score="1" ViewCount="3497" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2528/does-selenium-support-testing-siebel-application&quot;&gt;does selenium support testing siebel application?&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am accessing Siebel using IE browser. Will I be able to automate my functionality in Siebel using Selenium? If yes, could you please let me know how and what are the constraints in it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3198" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T20:17:49.477" Title="Can Siebel be automated using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2012-11-01T17:53:48.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3966" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-09T14:21:59.343" Score="2" ViewCount="8695" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a popup with list of names. I need to choose &quot;mahmoud&quot; for instance by clicking the &quot;select&quot; link beside the label &quot;mahmoud&quot;. How to click that select? I am using selenium webdriver with python.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# these 2 code lines are not working&#xA;driver.find_element_by_name('123')&#xA;driver.find_element_by_link_text('Select').click()&#xA;&#xA;name&#xA; - mahmoud   select&#xA; - ahmed     select &#xA; - engy      select&#xA;&#xA;# mahmoud is text,select is link&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML code for the first row is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;gridRow&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Mahmoud&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot;&amp;gt;Select&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3204" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T02:52:59.080" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T02:52:59.080" Title="Select a certain item by clicking a link beside that item" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3933" CreationDate="2012-10-09T14:32:27.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can suggest you to use RobotFramework+SeleniumLibrary for testing website (here you can find a Demo &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework-seleniumlibrary/wiki/Demo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework-seleniumlibrary/wiki/Demo&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can declare variables to use in your TCs, so if you change the password you don't need to change in every TCs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# global variables -- &#xA;${user} username  &#xA;${password}  password&#xA;&#xA;# tc --&#xA;...&#xA;Input Text   usr  ${user}&#xA;Input Password   pwd  ${password}&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see more here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework-seleniumlibrary.googlecode.com/hg/doc/SeleniumLibrary.html?r=2.5#Input%20Text&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://robotframework-seleniumlibrary.googlecode.com/hg/doc/SeleniumLibrary.html?r=2.5#Input%20Text&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3025" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T14:32:27.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3966" CreationDate="2012-10-09T15:42:30.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use XPATH.  Install a tool like FirePath to help yourself debug this, but you'll probably want something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select_finder = &quot;//tr[contains(text(), 'Mahmoud')]//a&quot;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(select_finder).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the XPATH reads something like &quot;find a table row which contains the text &quot;Mahmoud&quot;, then find a hyperlink inside that row&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1886" LastEditorUserId="1886" LastEditDate="2012-10-15T17:46:56.607" LastActivityDate="2012-10-15T17:46:56.607" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2012-10-09T21:41:27.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Perl with Win32 Modules to do my System Administration. Also, Perl allows you to run some of the task as services, which is very handy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you would learn a lot by doing. It also depends on your requirements, learning curve and flexibility in picking up a new framework all together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3195" LastActivityDate="2012-10-09T21:41:27.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3989" CreationDate="2012-10-10T05:29:06.737" Score="3" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have gone through the following question &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/304/security-testing-resources&quot;&gt;security sources&lt;/a&gt; and found testing resources for testing desktop and web applications, any realtime resource to test an mobile web applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-10-12T20:03:16.203" Title="Any testing resource for security testing of mobile web applications" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3972" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-10T12:21:22.520" Score="5" ViewCount="571" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a specific tool which will help me document what I see when I perform web site usability evaluations. At the end of each evaluation, I need to create an report for my client. The ideal tool, if it exists, would contain at least the following 3 features: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Multiple-choice answers: &#xA;I evaluate websites using several criteria and sub-items. For each criteria and item, I give grade/score, for example easy to use, moderately easy, complicated, very complicated to use. Each ranking or grade selection is explained. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Upload-image feature: &#xA;As evidence/proof for having selected one grade/score over another, I would like to be able to upload a screenshot, after which an explanation would follow. I don't need the screenshot capture functionality as such, because I would use SnagIt. I just need the uploading feature.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Free-text fields: &#xA;To be able to explain the reasoning behind the decision. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The final report would contain the criteria, a description of each criterium, the assigned grade/score, a description of what this grade means, one or more images (typically screenshots of a webpage or a part of one) and an explanation of certain elements shown in the screenshot. For this, I was thinking about mis-using an online survey service (SurveyMonkey or similar) or an e-learning assessment tool for this. It would be similar to an engine used to make those popular personality tests, in that you score many criteria and these scores -- and what they mean -- flows into an evaluation report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest I've seen is Rapid Reporter which allows for its notes and screenshots function...but it doesn't allow for scoring an item using multiple choice along with a detailed description in a results reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does an animal like this exist? ;-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a million, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Russell &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3210" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T16:03:58.517" Title="Any good UI evaluation documentation tools?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3966" CreationDate="2012-10-10T17:18:08.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand it correctly, you should look for the parent element of that row.  If it is in a table, then you can get the row number in which your element resides and use that.  I won't (and can't without the actual html) provide an answer, but these are the things you can do (if you haven't already):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read about using XPaths here - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&lt;/a&gt;.  Section 2.5 Abbreviated Syntax has been of great value to me personally&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read about using XPaths with Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find the XPath of the label e.g. Mahmoud.  Now that you know the row and column for the label, you can find the relative position of the corresponding &quot;Select&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2012-10-10T17:18:08.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3975" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3980" CreationDate="2012-10-10T18:58:53.597" Score="3" ViewCount="897" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to log-in on the &lt;code&gt;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&lt;/code&gt; demo website created by HP Mercury to do some hands on their proprietary product QTP 10. I opened this site successfully on &lt;code&gt;IE9&lt;/code&gt; (Win7 X64 PC). But once I tried to sign-in to the same (to find flights) using default username/password (both - &lt;code&gt;Tutorial&lt;/code&gt;) it crashed IE and I got an error - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www2.picturepush.com/photo/a/10968380/img/10968380.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Error snapshot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2012-12-17T12:14:52.470" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T12:14:52.470" Title="HP QTP 10 Issue while logging onto the demo Mercury Website" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-11T06:30:07.603" Score="5" ViewCount="1334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried to open a URL using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opera.com/developer/tools/operadriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OperaDriver&lt;/a&gt;. My issue is that I am getting browser launched but the desired page is not getting loaded. Below is the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&#xA;public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;/*  DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.opera();&#xA;      capabilities.setCapability(&quot;opera.binary&quot;,&quot;C:/Program Files(x86)/Opera/opera.exe&quot;);&#xA;      driver = new OperaDriver(capabilities); &#xA;      */&#xA;&#xA;      DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;      capabilities.setCapability(&quot;opera.binary&quot;,&quot;Opera/opera.exe&quot;);&#xA;      //capabilities.setCapability(&quot;opera.log.level&quot;, &quot;CONFIG&quot;);&#xA;      capabilities.setCapability(&quot;opera.port&quot;, &quot;-1&quot;);&#xA;      capabilities.setCapability(&quot;opera.profile&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;       driver = new OperaDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testCreateAccount() throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;driver.navigate().to(&quot;http://google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Opera browser version 11.10 and running test as JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it fails, the following is returned in the console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;stp-thread&quot;&#xA;  java.nio.channels.ClosedSelectorException at&#xA;  sun.nio.ch.SelectorImpl.selectedKeys(SelectorImpl.java:75) at&#xA;  com.opera.core.systems.util.SocketMonitor.pollSockets(SocketMonitor.java:132)&#xA;  at&#xA;  com.opera.core.systems.util.SocketMonitor.poll(SocketMonitor.java:108)&#xA;  at com.opera.core.systems.scope.stp.StpThread.run(StpThread.java:60)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-01T06:48:20.587" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T20:38:23.350" Title="OperaDriver is not navigating to desired URL" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3898" CreationDate="2012-10-11T08:53:52.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out this post &lt;a href=&quot;http://qablog.practitest.com/2011/05/manual-and-automated-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;about manual and automated tests&lt;/a&gt;. It has some very interesting ideas on the subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3214" LastActivityDate="2012-10-11T08:53:52.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3978" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="3985" CreationDate="2012-10-11T10:12:23.497" Score="3" ViewCount="775" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently started using Microsoft Test Manager 2010 and watched a few videos on the features for it. In one of the videos there was a shared step that when you run the test manually it opened IE. I would like to know how it is possible to create this shared step and any other useful features like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason I would like to know is that I don't want to have to continually write steps to open the web application that I am testing and would like to have the home page displayed automatically at the start of each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2989" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T11:56:43.613" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T11:56:43.613" Title="How to set a parameter in MS Test Manager 2010 to open a web browser" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3975" CreationDate="2012-10-11T12:23:16.820" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that QTP 10 supports IE9, it doesn't appear in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve/document/KM744522/binary/QTP10_ProdAvailMatrx.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Product Availability Matrix&quot;&gt;PAM&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know support for IE9 was added in &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve/document/KM1210389/binary/QTP11.00_ProductAvailableMatrix.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QTP11&lt;/a&gt; via some patches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="909" LastActivityDate="2012-10-11T12:23:16.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3179" CreationDate="2012-10-11T13:55:26.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Aspect Oriented Programming, you can use an annotation which executes Before (entering), After, or Around (before and after) a method. There isn't anything specifically designed to execute when entering a method, unless you used @After.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information regarding the syntax and options, here is a link to Spring's online documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/2.0.x/reference/aop.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/2.0.x/reference/aop.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3217" LastActivityDate="2012-10-11T13:55:26.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3966" CreationDate="2012-10-11T14:33:24.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to set a unique identifier for each of the links. That way, if you're looking for the select for mahmoud, you could set an id, such as &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a id=&quot;mahmoud&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3217" LastActivityDate="2012-10-11T14:33:24.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2012-10-12T05:42:19.713" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today, almost every organization has a QA department that is responsible for “testing” software applications to discover and eliminate bugs. However, there is a fundamental flaw in this definition of the role of QA in an organization. Most executives that I have talked to, fail to understand the difference between Quality Assurance and Testing, and oftentimes use these terms alternatively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what is the difference between QA and testing, or rather QA and Quality Control (QC)? Before we talk about QA vs testing, let’s try to understand what exactly quality control is and why I brought it up!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality control is a set of “activities” that need to be performed in order to detect problems during production and before the product goes live. These activities ensure that final deliverable meets the specifications and quality standards set by the organization. QC often includes peer reviews, “testing”, code reviews etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In theory, quality control can be achieved with minimal testing. For example, a thorough review of source code and checks for known previously problems can reduce the possibility of defects and might be enough to meet the quality standards set by the organization. However still, in most cases, testing is the most important activity for quality control, but it is not the ‘only’ activity.&#xA;Quality control is extremely important for ensuring that applications are bug free and meet the specifications and requirements, but QC might not always be the most efficient ways of ensuring quality. This is where Quality Assurance plays its role. But it is a concept that is often misunderstood by even the most experienced professions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To put it in simple words, Quality assurance is about engineering “processes“that assure quality. Now let’s try to understand it better!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The keyword to pay attention to is “processes”. QA extends far beyond what we call the ‘software testing team’. The goal is to develop high quality products in the most efficient way, and it cannot be achieved by testing alone. Defects occur because something somewhere did not happen the way it needed to. Testing might help in detecting those defects, but not in avoiding them. A defect once fixed cannot ensure that it won’t occur again, even if the root cause is found. The process or the system that allowed that defect to occur is what needs to be re-engineered, and this is what we call quality assurance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everyone who is involved in the end to end development process, including analysts, developers, testers, managers etc., is an important player in assuring quality. In fact, QA might not involve testing at all. It might go against the typical notion that many professionals have about QA. But imagine this: If a company wanted to bring down its defects per million ratios, would testing alone be able to help achieve this goal? The answer is no, because in practice, not every defect can be found and fixed. However, if the processes that go into developing a product were reviewed and best practices were implemented, the load on testing team is likely to reduce. It is for this reason a lot of auditors focus on the processes were followed rather than focusing on the amount of testing an organization does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize, Quality assurance is a set of processes that help “avoid” defects and assure quality. While Quality Control is a set of activities that help detect defects and quality issues before the products reach the hands of end customers. Testing is one of the ways of detecting those defects.&#xA;In order to deliver high quality products, organizations should focus on QA rather than merely scaling up their quality control efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3223" LastActivityDate="2012-10-12T05:42:19.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3978" CreationDate="2012-10-12T07:47:53.753" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have figured out how to accomplish this and I will post it here since there has been a lot of views of the question but no answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In test manager, select the Organize tab. Then select the Shared Steps Manager. Create a shared step and pace a parameter in it, e.g. '@Location', enter the URL you wish to navigate to in the parameter at the bottom of the form, and save &amp;amp; close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Select the shared step in Shared Steps Manager and click the Create Action Recording. Now follow the steps and nav to the URL you require and save. Add the shared step to your test&amp;nbsp;— you will need to add the URL into the @Location parameter that is now displayed in the test you are creating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2989" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:44:51.877" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:44:51.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3986" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-12T08:18:33.013" Score="11" ViewCount="108874" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have clicked an image in a slide show and it generates a new window. Once the window opens I need to bring focus on new window and do some stuff. I have attached my code below, but it is not successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testCreateAccount() throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;//OPEN manorama online  url&#xA;driver.navigate().to(&quot;http://www.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/home.do?tabId=0&amp;amp;BV_ID=@@@&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// to click a link inside a slide show&#xA;&#xA;while (!driver&#xA;        .findElement(&#xA;                By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[4]/div/div/div/div/center/div/div[2]/span/div/a/img&quot;))&#xA;        .isDisplayed()) {&#xA;}&#xA;driver.findElement(&#xA;        By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[4]/div/div/div/div/center/div/div[2]/span/div/a/img&quot;))&#xA;        .click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;String newwindowTitle = driver.getTitle();&#xA;&#xA;switchWindow(newwindowTitle);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;protected static boolean switchWindow(String title) throws IOException {&#xA;&#xA;    String currentWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; availableWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    if (!availableWindows.isEmpty()) {&#xA;    for (String windowId : availableWindows) {&#xA;    if (driver.switchTo().window(windowId).getTitle().equals(title)) {&#xA;    return true;&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(currentWindow);&#xA;    }}}&#xA;&#xA;    return false;   &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2012-10-16T02:00:54.947" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T06:47:16.227" Title="How can I switch to new window using webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3955" CreationDate="2012-10-12T08:35:04.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got solved issue using below code. The issue was with a for loop that I had used to iterate through all check box ids and if the page doesn't have it will click on next button. Actually I had misplaced the click on next button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (int page = 1; page &amp;lt;= Integer.parseInt(totaPage); page++) {&#xA;    String dealTitle;&#xA;&#xA;    String dealtitleCheck = s.getCell(2, 4).getContents().trim();&#xA;&#xA;// {&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;current page number is)&quot; + page);&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 10; i++) {&#xA;        //System.out.println(&quot;I=&quot; + i);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;        // get the list of all available names&#xA;&#xA;        dealTitle = driver.findElement(&#xA;        By.id(&quot;AdminMainContent_grdDealDetails_lblTitle_&quot; + i)).getAttribute(&quot;innerHTML&quot;).trim();&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;dealTitle&quot;+dealTitle);&#xA;&#xA;        // getting the id of car from excel&#xA;        // String dealtitleCheck = s.getCell(2, 4).getContents();&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;dealtitleCheck=&quot;+dealtitleCheck+&quot;dealTitle=&quot;+dealTitle);&#xA;&#xA;        boolean stat = dealTitle.equals(dealtitleCheck);&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;equal status=&quot;+stat);&#xA;&#xA;        if (dealTitle.equals(dealtitleCheck)) {&#xA;&#xA;            // System.out.println(&quot;you got it in&quot;+i);&#xA;            // getting id of check box to select&#xA;            String chkboxid = &quot;AdminMainContent_grdDealDetails_chkSelect_&quot; + i;&#xA;&#xA;            // waiting&#xA;            new WebDriveWait(driver, 100)&#xA;                .until(ExpectedConditions&#xA;                .presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By&#xA;                .id(chkboxid)));&#xA;&#xA;            // click on the check box for specific deal title&#xA;            // obtained from excel&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(chkboxid)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            //click on ok button&#xA;            new WebDriverWait(driver, 100).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.id(&quot;AdminMainContent_lbtnOkGrid&quot;)));&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;AdminMainContent_lbtnOkGrid&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }//end of if condition&#xA;&#xA;    }//end of for inner loop&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(driver, 10)&#xA;        .until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By&#xA;        .id(&quot;AdminMainContent_PagingCntrlDealSchedule_lbtnNext&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(&#xA;        By.id(&quot;AdminMainContent_PagingCntrlDealSchedule_lbtnNext&quot;))&#xA;    .click();&#xA;&#xA;}//end of for outer loop&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-06T22:06:31.970" LastActivityDate="2012-11-06T22:06:31.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3986" CreationDate="2012-10-12T13:27:32.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that you're probably over complicating the problem in your switchWindow method.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I understand you correctly, all that you want to do is iterate through the open windows, compare the title of each window, and if it's the right one, return true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C# example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected static Boolean SwitchWindow(string title)&#xA;            {&#xA;                var currentWindow = driver.CurrentWindowHandle;&#xA;                var availableWindows = new List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(driver.WindowHandles);&#xA;&#xA;                foreach (string w in availableWindows)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    if (w != currentWindow)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        driver.SwitchTo().Window(w);&#xA;                        if (driver.Title == title)&#xA;                            return true;&#xA;                        else&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            driver.SwitchTo().Window(currentWindow);&#xA;                        }&#xA;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;                return false;&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-10-12T13:27:32.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3970" CreationDate="2012-10-12T20:03:16.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the most part mobile web applications behave exactly the same as their counterparts on a desktop.  Even if the user input is slightly different, the mobile application is still interfacing with the device running it in a similar fashion, sending along similar protocols and being interpreted on the back end is as well (likely).  If information is being stored locally about the user, including detailed personal information that will vary from OS to OS, but still isn't that much of a departure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OWASP has some mobile specific info, but in all likelihood you can use the same information from your previous research for base level security testing.  If you're looking to go deeper than basic security coverage that a functional tester would perform, the folks here may be more helpful:  &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://security.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T10:46:12.203" LastActivityDate="2012-10-12T20:03:16.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="3990" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-13T17:29:30.790" Score="2" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to understand QTP Automation Object Model. But I need to quick start just by understanding main building blocks. I understand taking a shortcut is not safe always. Yet, can anyone help me please? To repeat once again, I need to understand only the main things which will mostly help during automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastActivityDate="2013-04-16T13:09:47.467" Title="What are the building blocks of QTP 10 Automation Object Model" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3959" CreationDate="2012-10-14T19:46:02.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You certainly can. Both WebClient, or HttpRequest would work well as the 'glue' for this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I'd probably rephrase your Given/When/Then Statement as something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given the logon page at http://someurl/account/logon &#xA;When I post with parameters username='test' and password='123'&#xA;Then I am redirected to http://someurl/home&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2012-10-14T19:46:02.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3966" CreationDate="2012-10-15T14:10:09.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for all who tried to help me with my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually I solved it using the &lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath&lt;/code&gt; method and because it's a popup it needed the &lt;code&gt;driver.implicitly_wait(10)&lt;/code&gt; method until the page rendered the popup and voila, it worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found the clues at Stack Overflow website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3208" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-10-16T16:02:27.297" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T16:02:27.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1355" CreationDate="2012-10-15T14:27:40.093" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Similar to Will's answer, but finds the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; by its element name, and clicks based on the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;option&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;b = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;b.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//select[@name='element_name']/option[text()='option_text']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4234" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2012-10-16T16:04:44.160" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T16:04:44.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3986" CreationDate="2012-10-15T16:47:23.170" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;A possibly much simpler solution would be this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles.Last());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.Last() will just switch to the most recently opened window, which should be the one that just opened when you clicked the link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-08-08T14:42:15.407" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T14:42:15.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="4996" CreationDate="2012-10-15T17:24:24.450" Score="8" ViewCount="21608" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had an interview question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You were told that a search engine result by target query does not satisfy a requirement by its position. How would you test it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you test it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had some thoughts though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need a list of input search queries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need a target position for each of the query&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You match each target position with actual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it was not enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4236" LastEditorUserId="4236" LastEditDate="2012-10-16T10:15:34.150" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T02:07:19.200" Title="How to test search engine results?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4995" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-15T20:49:39.633" Score="1" ViewCount="3405" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've started to evaluate &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Rational_Functional_Tester&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RFT&lt;/a&gt; by getting their trial version, I'd like to hear on the strong points that makes you folks to stick with RFT. I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QTP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QTP&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silktest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Silktest&lt;/a&gt; now and trying to find how useful it would be to replace it with RFT. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keeping the cost discussion aside, I would like to hear the technical points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: I had another post which lacked specifics and could have been resurrected but would be too much hence started a new thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3173" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-29T21:16:38.730" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T21:16:38.730" Title="What are strong points of RFT comparing to other test management tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4994" CreationDate="2012-10-16T01:49:27.477" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not expert in search engines, but there are many factors that contribute to how search results are displayed. The query is is essentially the starting point, and how the engine parses the query is important. Also some search engines will 'refactor' the query based on natural langauge algorithms. The order of returned results is often dependent on various metrics such as popularity, # of matching words, keywords, tags, etc. Also, some of these measures are given more weight than others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, this question by itself doesn't really provide you with enough context, or perhaps the purpose of this question was to get you to ask questions to derive more context. Sometimes interviewers will ask vague questions to see if the interviewee will start taking &quot;stabs in the dark&quot; without gaining sufficient context (e.g. start banging away at problems and hope to stumble on a solution, or think about the problem and consider  potential solutions with forethought).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T01:49:27.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-16T07:00:57.120" Score="3" ViewCount="474" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a cross browser testing solution for an enterprise banking application during the QA phase. Is there a tool out there that mimics the action that the tester takes on one browser and replicates on multiple browsers? The scenarios would be quite complex, with widgets, asynchronous JavaScript, SSO, multi factor authentication, etc. The pages are in HTML/ASPX based on the MVC architecture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my quick check of common popular tools I didn't quite understand if those would work for me. I checked &lt;a href=&quot;http://crossbrowsertesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cross Browser Testing&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Browsershots&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://browserlab.adobe.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adobe BrowserLab&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need this for manual testing for now as we may use QTP for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4240" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-16T15:46:02.693" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T15:14:16.353" Title="Cross Browser Testing of enterprise applications" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4997" CreationDate="2012-10-16T08:32:50.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried having a look at Selenium or what is now called Webdriver (Selenium2)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the Selenium IDE to record your tests on Firefox. However after the tests have been written they can be converted to other languages such as C#. Java. Once that is done its quite easy to get the same test to run on Internet Explorer, Chrome, Mobile browsers, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details you can have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However to be able to do this I am guessing you will need some programming knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2729" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-15T17:53:08.993" LastActivityDate="2012-11-15T17:53:08.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="4999" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5000" CreationDate="2012-10-16T11:02:39.527" Score="4" ViewCount="18995" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tcost = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;MainContent_txtTotalCost&quot;).text&#xA;total = int(tcost)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;MainContent_txtVisa&quot;).send_keys(total/2)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;MainContent_txtCash&quot;).send_keys(total/2)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It throws this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: ''&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to convert &lt;code&gt;text&lt;/code&gt; in text box to &lt;code&gt;int&lt;/code&gt; to do some calculations over it and sure, If you have any suggestions to enhance the code please do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3208" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T15:20:25.957" LastActivityDate="2020-02-03T09:23:37.993" Title="How to retrieve INT value from TEXT box using Selenium/Webdriver Python binding?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4999" CreationDate="2012-10-16T12:09:23.533" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may need to use &lt;code&gt;.get_attribute(&quot;value&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;. instead of &lt;code&gt;.text&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="7024" LastEditDate="2014-02-19T14:03:36.110" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T14:03:36.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2012-10-16T13:46:33.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;PractiTest is a powerful yet easy to use Test management tool that supports &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.practitest.com/customer/portal/articles/382668-sharing-tests-between-projects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sharing tests between projects&lt;/a&gt;. &#xA;Use the link to read more about it or contact PractiTest &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.practitest.com/contact-us/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;support&lt;/a&gt; if you like to setup a demo to review it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kind regards,&#xA;Hadar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Account manager in PractiTest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3214" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T13:46:33.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4995" CreationDate="2012-10-16T13:53:56.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never used QTP nor Silktest, so I cannot make a comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion RFT's strong points are (in no particular order):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interacts well with the required browsers (IE6, IE8, IE9)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object maps with extensive Regular Expression support for handling object recognition and a dynamic find by properties method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java based (I added a lot of external libraries for extending test functionality, interacting with the Operating System and other tools)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual Verification Points (I fetch the base data from a database, xml file, RFT own datasets, etc)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTML logs for non-tech people with screenshots, and it's quite structured, I manage all of them with a tool, also good for searching, reporting and so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scripts can run from command line or managed from other IBM Rational products, like Rational Quality Manager (we have our own tracking software, I wrote some custom tools to handle it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found 2 &lt;strong&gt;very weak&lt;/strong&gt; points.&#xA;The first is the crappy &quot;Simplified Scripting&quot; that constantly crash/fool up things/delete code without telling you. Disable it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The second is that sometimes it hangs in some deadlock while reading or writing IE6 memory, but I bet it's more a IE fault ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T13:53:56.047" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-16T15:00:23.193" Score="2" ViewCount="2271" Body="&lt;p&gt;A link on page 1 opens a new page &quot;receipt page&quot;.  It contains only text values.  I need to assert or verify values on the receipt page to ensure that this is the correct receipt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After executing the line &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Print Order!&quot;).click() #this what navigates the receipt page &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the following tags are returned and must be validated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;border-bottom:1px dashed black;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Receipt No: 197&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span style=&quot;font-size:smaller;font-weight:lighter;margin-left:130px;&quot;&amp;gt;16/10/2012 -04:10 pm &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Customer Name: 123&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Cashier Name: engy&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;font-size:smaller; border-bottom:1px dotted black;text-align:center;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Total Cost: 5700&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3208" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T23:43:57.330" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T23:43:57.330" Title="How to assert values on a page opened by a link on another page?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4994" CreationDate="2012-10-16T17:02:57.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked for a SEO company in 2004. Our target was to get natural/organic search results on the first or second page of Google for the targeted key phrases (Natural/organic search results are the regular search results, not the ones sponsored by Google Ad Words). The company was a start-up and decided to focus on Google only since it had more than 80% of the Search Engine market at the time and studies showed that users very rarely looked past the first two pages of Google for a search result match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way we tested the results was to type in the targeted key phrases (combination of keywords) into Google and see if the listing showed up on the first or second page of Google, if yes then it was considered a success, if not then it was considered a failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today things have changed with Google's targeted advertising so people might receive different results from different computers and if they are logged in to Google Plus this might affect the results too, so I don't know if its even possible to test this anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2994" LastEditorUserId="2994" LastEditDate="2012-10-16T17:32:30.533" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T17:32:30.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2984" CreationDate="2012-10-16T17:13:45.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our applications display a user-friendly message to the user with an error code in brackets beside it to avoid the &quot;Error hiding&quot; design anti-pattern. In the particular case of a server timeout I use (500) beside the friendly text message that &quot;There was a problem completing your request please try again later.&quot;, etc.. This is a friendly message to the user but also allows a technician to know what type of failure occurred if the user contacts us about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2994" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T17:13:45.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4994" CreationDate="2012-10-16T18:45:55.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, the question how to test search engines is part of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_retrieval&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;information retrieval&lt;/a&gt; (IR) problem. I will list just a few approaches how they can be evaluated/tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Traditional IR approach&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way in traditional IR is to prepare test setup, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Candidate queries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dataset of indexed pages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected result set (included expected ranking) for each query&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next you obtain actual results by running your search engine over candidate queries and compare actual results with expected results using one of information retrieval metrics, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_and_recall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;precision/recall&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discounted_cumulative_gain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nDCG&lt;/a&gt;. That would give you a quantitive answer how bad or good is your search engine with respect to expected result set (requirement).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, the answer will be context-specific. It will particularly depend on choice of candidate queries, they intention and wording, the dataset of indexed pages, and the way expected results were judged. So what was the context? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Goal-driven/Interactive IR approach&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach, maybe more practical, would be to involve potential users and let them assess quality of results for a given query. They could bring their own queries or you could define queries for them. Those could be a few people or a whole community, from which you could get more implicit feedback about results quality (e.g., results that are clicked are expected ones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem isolation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the problem might be not to evaluate the overall quality of the search engine, but only narrow down the reason for low ranking of this particular query result. So, I would follow the problem you got:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You were told that a search engine result by target query does not satisfy a requirement by its position. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and asked myself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What were the other results that were ranked higher than this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why were they ranked higher? Can I tell this from result snippets? Maybe they match query keywords but with a different meaning? So maybe the wording is incorrect? Would another wording of query intention improve the result? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The same query maybe worded differently, and the same wordings may have different query intention behind them. Do I really know what was intention of a searcher behind this query?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What precisely is the requirement? To boost higher sponsored pages? Or rank higher pages that matches query intention?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those can help you reproduce the issue for other similar queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-10-16T19:06:55.013" LastActivityDate="2012-10-16T19:06:55.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2012-10-16T19:19:06.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Screen Recording:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Camstudio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Webex recorder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen2exe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Screen Capture:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gadwin's Printscreen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Zapgrab (Old Free Version)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Snipping Tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Greenshot &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2017-10-15T14:41:20.003" LastActivityDate="2017-10-15T14:41:20.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3986" CreationDate="2012-10-17T08:03:19.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you only have a URL, this may be a helpful solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;                   public void SwitchTo(string prefix)                 &#xA;                   {                        &#xA;                    var handlers = driver.WindowHandles;&#xA;&#xA;                        foreach (var handler in handlers)&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            driver.SwitchTo().Window(handler);&#xA;                            if (driver.Url.Contains(prefix)) return;                                     &#xA;                        }&#xA;                   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2387" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2012-10-19T13:22:47.710" LastActivityDate="2012-10-19T13:22:47.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5011" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5014" CreationDate="2012-10-18T09:50:16.340" Score="3" ViewCount="1863" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quite simply the question in the title, when I &lt;code&gt;run test&lt;/code&gt; it by default runs it within my visual studio. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't seem to support JavaScript which makes all my test's invalid. Is there anyway to force the tests to run in a valid browser or turn on JavaScript for the in IDE browser? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4248" LastActivityDate="2012-10-18T17:28:48.557" Title="Visual Studio 2010 Performance Testing Javascript not supported" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5011" CreationDate="2012-10-18T12:56:02.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you looked at using a &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182550.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;coded web performance test&lt;/a&gt;.  Haven't tried this before, but hoping to get to trying this out next week.  Microsoft specifically mentions that it is able to execute javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-10-18T12:56:02.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3965" CreationDate="2012-10-18T13:44:26.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, in my experience automated testing using Siebel not a viable option. This is mostly caused by the ActiveX component Siebel has to install to function properly and to my knowledge Selenium is not to happy about that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A while down the line and I have found Siebel can be automated rather easily using FitNesse and the hsac fixture. It is of course deceptive to put it like this, but for those looking to automate Siebel it is worth looking into.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4250" LastEditorUserId="4250" LastEditDate="2017-02-12T20:17:49.477" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T20:17:49.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5011" CreationDate="2012-10-18T17:23:33.210" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lyndon is half right.  To clarify - Visual Studio web performance tests (coded or otherwise) will not ever execute JavaScript - either in a browser or by any other means.  The article Anicho references states &quot;You can use coded a Web performance test to simulate the logic typically performed by JavaScript&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can craft them however to execute xmlhttp requests that do not get picked up by the recorder and would typically be triggered by a JavaScript/ajax library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could be cases where you want to test the actual load time plus JavaScript execution time of a web page.  An example would be if your web page receives a large amount of data and has JavaScript that parses or operates on that data.  I would suggest using a tool such as Selenium or Visual Studio Coded UI tests to actually execute the test and if you want to continue to get results in the visual studio performance results you can create transactions to measure how long the actions take.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing to keep in mind is that while Selenium or Coded UI Tests will allow you to measure the performance of the load time of a web page + JavaScript execution, it is very inefficient and not so useful for generating load or stressing a system.  Usually I have my load/stress tests in one Scenario where I can adjust the user count easily and my pure performance tests in a different scenario with 1 user count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing to keep in mind is that if you are using implicit or explicit waits or polling for the existance of elements within your tests, the time it takes the UI automation framework to execute those things will be added to the load time, so while this will get you pretty close to a load time, it will not be 100% accurate to the degree that the visual studio web performance tests will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to contact me if you have additional questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2012-10-18T17:28:48.557" LastActivityDate="2012-10-18T17:28:48.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5003" CreationDate="2012-10-18T17:59:06.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In C# the code would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles.Last()); &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will switch to the newly opened window and then you would treat it just like any other page.  To switch back would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-10-18T17:59:06.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5016" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5018" CreationDate="2012-10-19T07:09:45.593" Score="3" ViewCount="7115" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have planned to implement ITKO LISA as a service virtualization tool for creating mock enviroments for testing.What I found lagging is there are no materials for studying/training resources.Is there anyone who can recommend free/proprietary training for this tool,since this is going to be a critical thing to do as part of our testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2654" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T12:51:44.560" Title="ITKO LISA-Service Virtualization-Tutorials" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5016" CreationDate="2012-10-19T10:56:11.563" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should contact the folks at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itko.com/services/educational_services.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.itko.com/services/educational_services.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-10-19T10:56:11.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5021" CreationDate="2012-10-19T11:37:03.667" Score="1" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use the Network Suite Wizard. So I go to &quot;Test&quot; - &quot;Create Distributed Test...&quot;. Then I press &quot;Add Hosts...&quot;. My problem is that not all hosts are listed here. What can I do about this? I can ping the desired host that is not in the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2012-10-19T13:07:33.907" LastActivityDate="2012-10-19T14:19:49.790" Title="Why are not all hosts listed in the TestComplete 8 Network Suite Wizard?" Tags="&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5019" CreationDate="2012-10-19T13:11:33.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This depends on two things: first, TestComplete8 or TestExecute8 must be installed on each system you're planning to use as a host (as described on the SmartBear &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/27241/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;help site&lt;/a&gt; - this requirement has not changed between TestComplete8 and TestComplete9)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, your network configuration and firewall setup must permit TestComplete to communicate through its own dedicated ports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2012-10-19T13:11:33.760" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5019" CreationDate="2012-10-19T14:19:49.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Windows API methods are used to get the computers list. There may be network policy restrictions or issues that prevent some nodes to appear on the list Windows returns. What I would check is whether the unavailable nodes appear under the Network node in Windows Explorer. If they are there, but not visible in TC's dialogs, this would be strange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What to do:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to the Hosts editor, add a new Host. After that, you can specify the needed computer's IP address or a network name in the inline editor of the Address field (without opening the PC selection dialog).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hopes this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2786" LastActivityDate="2012-10-19T14:19:49.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5022" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-19T22:43:53.767" Score="5" ViewCount="17031" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium 2 tests (written in C#) that choose values from a &quot;select&quot; control. Selection causes a post-back to the server, which updates the state of the page. I am therefore performing a manual wait (&lt;code&gt;thread.sleep&lt;/code&gt;) after choosing a value to wait for the page to be changed. and it works fine with Thread.Sleep. However, &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep&lt;/code&gt; is a bad idea to use with number of good reasons so when I take out all my &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep&lt;/code&gt; line of code then all my test cases fall apart and I have tried WebDriverWait, Implicitly and Explicitly none works and very frustration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below is the sample code that I have tried.... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//WebDriverWait &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public IWebElement WaitForElement(By by)&#xA; {&#xA;            // Tell webdriver to wait&#xA;            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;            wait.PollingInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2);&#xA;            wait.IgnoreExceptionTypes(typeof(NoSuchElementException), typeof(NoSuchFrameException));&#xA;            wait.IgnoreExceptionTypes(typeof(StaleElementReferenceException), typeof(StaleElementReferenceException));&#xA;&#xA;            IWebElement myWait = wait.Until(x =&amp;gt; x.FindElement(by));&#xA;            return myWait;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tried this too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(new SystemClock(), driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30), TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//Implicitly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//Explicit Wait:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.Url = &quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;IWebElement myDynamicElement = wait.Until&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;((d) =&amp;gt;&#xA;    {&#xA;        return d.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;someDynamicElement&quot;));&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3139" LastActivityDate="2012-10-31T21:35:44.527" Title="WebDriverWait or ImplicitlyWait or ExplictlyWait nothing works" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-19T23:34:56.933" Score="3" ViewCount="3756" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have created a framework where all the WebDriver API resides and in other project I am just calling those test cases I have created but the problem is that if anything goes wrong in the test case I would like to capture the error but instead currently I am just getting  output failed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so my question is what is the best way of capturing error messages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3139" LastActivityDate="2013-02-23T14:25:50.347" Title="How to capture the errors handling in Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5022" CreationDate="2012-10-19T23:55:22.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you need to wait for something to happen, there are two ways to proceed. The first is to guess how long you need to wait, sleep for that interval, and then proceed under the assumption that you have waited long enough.  That is ill-advised unless you know without a doubt that you waited long enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second way is to poll in a loop.  Sleeping in a polling loop is a standard practice in UI automation.  There is nothing wrong with that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you expand your question to describe why it is bad to use thread.sleep?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-20T00:09:12.210" LastActivityDate="2012-10-20T00:09:12.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5025" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-10-21T09:31:18.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SIKULI&lt;/a&gt; is a visual technology to automate and test graphical user interfaces (GUI) using images (screenshots).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sikuli Script&lt;/strong&gt;, a visual scripting API for Jython,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sikuli IDE&lt;/strong&gt;, an integrated development environment for writing visual scripts with screenshots easily.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli Script automates anything you see on the screen without internal API's support. You can programmatically control a web page, a Windows/Linux/Mac OS X desktop application, or even an iphone or android application running in a simulator or via VNC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Project Sukuli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/docx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sikuli/sikuli&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli's official repository on github&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulfrymire.com/Tech%20Soup/code/sikuli/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli Script in Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/enix12enix/sikuliserver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sikuliserver: invoke Sikuli Script remotely&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-22T09:28:46.860" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T09:28:46.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5026" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-10-21T09:31:18.513" Score="0" Body="SIKULI is a visual technology to automate and test graphical user interfaces (GUI) using images (screenshots)." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-22T09:29:16.123" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T09:29:16.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5029" CreationDate="2012-10-21T11:20:14.353" Score="9" ViewCount="1065" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are doing integration tests where we simulate manually data coming from external systems to our application. Integration tests task has become bottleneck in our team, because preparing test data is hard. The root cause of the problem is in complex format of test data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hard to learn&lt;/strong&gt;. Developers work on already parsed data, so they don't care about format. But at integration level I must know all the nuances of the format. It takes more to understand the format than to write the test itself. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error-prone&lt;/strong&gt;. In the end you don't know why your test fails. Is it because of the system under test or incorrect test data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are no so big problems for testers that have been involved in the project for long time, but are real obstacles for new-comers like me. So what we're doing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We're creating &lt;strong&gt;test data generators&lt;/strong&gt;. We're encoding into the generator the knowledge from documentation and answers of business analysts, other testers, and developers. Test data generators contain pre-defined blocks of data that a tester can compose together to create complete test data. A tester must learn DSL (based on Java), obviously, but I hope it is easier than the final format.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We're creating &lt;strong&gt;test data validators&lt;/strong&gt;. Test data created by a generator are validated against some basic constrains (e.g. mandatory fields, values correct across different part of test data) before they get serialized to a specific XML format. That eliminates basic mistakes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else can we do to simplify the process of test data creation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we make sure test data are correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-10-21T17:57:37.297" LastActivityDate="2013-09-07T19:42:01.237" Title="How to make sure your test data are correct?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5028" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-21T11:39:43.173" Score="3" ViewCount="805" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use Fitnesse with tens of project-specific fixtures to design the tests. However, writing the correct test is tedious, because of some trivial errors we make:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Syntax errors&lt;/strong&gt;: unclosed tables, incorrect number of columns in table, unclosed comments, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fixture invocation error&lt;/strong&gt;: incorrect fixture class/package name, incorrect name of fixture parameter/method, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are validated when the test is run, but that's defintely too late. Feedback loop is way toooo long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any editor that would validate my Fitnesse test as I write it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-10-21T18:20:22.317" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T13:00:01.980" Title="Fitnesse editor with syntax validation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5027" CreationDate="2012-10-21T19:34:28.447" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generating test data is a difficult problem because if you don't understand the symantics of the data then you are likely to generate test data that will throw false positives in your tests (test failure due to faulty data, not a bug in the product).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach I have used with great success is parameterized test data generation from equivalent partitions. I have used this approach with a wide variety of data such as Unicode strings, contact info on devices (e.g. names, phone #'s, etc), and JSON blobs for both positive and negative (fuzz) testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, this aproach requires modeling the data, decomposing the data into equivalent subsets, and then generating test data that will satisfy the constraints of the model. (It actually sounds like you are on the right path).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get an idea of this approach see my white paper &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uploads.pnsqc.org/2011/papers/T-27_Rollison_paper.pdf&quot;&gt;Parameterized Random Test Data Generation&lt;/a&gt; this white paper &lt;a href=&quot;http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/pex/patterns.pdf&quot;&gt;from MS Research&lt;/a&gt;. I also have a post &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2009/12/18/random-test-data-credit-card-numbers/&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course a model is an abstraction of reality, and so your generated data is only as good as your model, your equivalent sets, and how you parameterize the use of those sets in your generator. Data generation can become quite complex and could also include weighting specific values, sequencing, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regards to validating the generated data, ALL oracles are heuristic in nature. So, in this case you validate the generated data satisfies the model. It is not bullet proof but it is better than gross random, or guessing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, don't forget to use real-like data also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have more questions or I can help, let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-22T02:16:34.780" LastActivityDate="2012-10-22T02:16:34.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5032" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-23T08:59:32.707" Score="2" ViewCount="10559" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Webdriver. I need to automate a scenario on Mozilla,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.6.0_27'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario to create a user and login with the user created. So when I login with the user created, upon login a iframe - modal dialog box displayed asking for the user to change the temporary password. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not able to manipulate the webelements in the Dialog Box. Its always says &quot;Unable to locate element&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to switch to the Dialog box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4274" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2012-10-23T14:23:43.010" LastActivityDate="2012-10-23T14:44:45.480" Title="Unable to locate element (Modal Dialogue Box)" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3972" CreationDate="2012-10-23T11:54:22.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this will help but TechSmith have a tool called Morae that is supposed to help with usability evaluations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techsmith.com/morae.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.techsmith.com/morae.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never used it myself so can't really tell you if it's what you are looking for. It does say on the feature list that it supports survey questions and capturing user actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And based on my experience with Jing and SnagIT it's coming from a good stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worth a look I'd say. If you do get a chance to look at it I'd be interested to know if it works well for your usability test management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kind regards&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bill Echlin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.TestManagement.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.TestManagement.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="646" LastActivityDate="2012-10-23T11:54:22.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5032" CreationDate="2012-10-23T14:44:45.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use the following code to switch to an iFrame that's embedded in my HTML, although I am unsure if it will help in your dialogue box:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(0);&#xA;        WebElement webelement= driver.switchTo().activeElement();&#xA;        ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;document.body.innerHTML = '&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;'&quot;);&#xA;        //do whatever with weblement in here&#xA;        driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); //switches focus out of iFrame&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-10-23T14:44:45.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3972" CreationDate="2012-10-23T15:50:23.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would likely just use Word, using a template to contain my questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I purchased a house earlier this year, the Inspector used Word. The resulting book looked exactly like what you are proposing for your final report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-10-23T15:50:23.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1604" CreationDate="2012-10-23T18:46:58.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your page reloads during &lt;code&gt;waitForElement&lt;/code&gt; function execution then you have to refresh &lt;code&gt;element&lt;/code&gt; by finding it once again. Try to use &lt;code&gt;selector&lt;/code&gt; as parameter an not the element and use &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function waitForElement(selector, timeout, step) {&#xA;        if (step == null) {&#xA;                step = 0.5;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        if (timeout == null) {&#xA;            timeout = 10;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        var stop = timeout/step;&#xA;&#xA;        for (var i = 0; i &amp;lt; stop; i++) {&#xA;                if (driver.findElement(selector).isVisible()) {&#xA;                        return;&#xA;                }&#xA;                target.delay(step);&#xA;        }&#xA;        element.logElement();&#xA;        throw(&quot;Not visible&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2618" LastActivityDate="2012-10-23T18:46:58.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-23T20:34:58.777" Score="6" ViewCount="1353" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently exploring &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Rational_Functional_Tester&quot;&gt;RFT&lt;/a&gt; for my team. I have come across few issues (as per IBM help website, it's a known issue) with Java Scripting. Hence ditched it and now got .net scripting working with 2010 VS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm at initial stages, trying to record few scripts and see how it works. With my experience on other tools, I was able to get this thing running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question here is, while trying to add an object (a link) from the application to object map, it takes like almost 5 minutes to add it to the object map. Instead of recording, I'm trying to add it by opening the object map and selecting &quot;Test Object-&gt;Insert Objects -&gt;Test Object Browser (as selection method).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the application displayed on the open browser(IE8, Win-7), after selecting an object, object map window gets hanged for about 4-5 mins. then adding it to object map takes similar amount of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyway to speed this up? Anything missed in the process? Any suggestions on this or is this the normal setup speed in RFT? Is it suggested not to use Obj Map at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3173" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T23:03:04.673" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T23:03:04.673" Title="RFT - very slow to add objects" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;rft&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3966" CreationDate="2012-10-24T05:24:27.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This relative xpath locator should also work for the above html&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//td[text()=&quot;Mahmoud&quot;)]/../td[3]/a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1738" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T05:24:27.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5037" CreationDate="2012-10-24T06:49:50.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is your Win7 32bit or 64bit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's 32bit you can try using JRE 6u33, RFT runs good with it. (get it here &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javasebusiness/downloads/java-archive-downloads-javase6-419409.html#jre-6u33-oth-JPR&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javasebusiness/downloads/java-archive-downloads-javase6-419409.html#jre-6u33-oth-JPR&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If it's the 64 bit version... well... I had your same issue (browser hanging for a while, IE9) and tried a lot of JRE's (32 and 64 bit) but nothing helped.&#xA;It's just unusable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T06:49:50.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3972" CreationDate="2012-10-24T09:53:28.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am looking for a specific tool which will help me document what I&#xA;  see when I perform web site usability evaluations. At the end of each&#xA;  evaluation, I need to create an report for my client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As your demand above, I would think a tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qasymphony.com/qtrace-overview.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;qTrace&lt;/a&gt; could help you out. It's a complete screen capture tool that helps a tester easily submits clear and accurate defect tickets, with features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;captures both screenshots and user’s action;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intelligently generates clear step-by-step narration of the test scenario;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;submits a ticket directly to a defect tracking system or generates a stand-alone document.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4277" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2012-10-24T16:03:58.517" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T16:03:58.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5041" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5049" CreationDate="2012-10-24T12:16:01.870" Score="8" ViewCount="13905" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it more efficient to start testing during project development or before deployment? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:50:45.893" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:17:38.813" Title="In what phase or stage of the project should QA testing start?" Tags="&lt;scheduling&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5042" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5043" CreationDate="2012-10-24T12:23:28.990" Score="4" ViewCount="197" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there free software tools where I can do mock testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastEditorUserId="4278" LastEditDate="2012-10-24T12:30:22.680" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T14:52:19.713" Title="In terms of doing self study, how can I practice my skills or knowledge in Software Testing?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5042" CreationDate="2012-10-24T12:42:25.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's lots.  For starters, what software do you have on the machine that you're using right now?  Any reason to not try testing any of it?  You could always go grab a copy of some open source software.  Nightly releases are great for practice.  Is there any approach in particular that you're interested in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing that you say that you're looking for web testing, my own personal recommendation would be to install some sort of web debugger.  Since you're using mac, Fiddler is out of the question, however, it appears as though &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CharlesProxy&lt;/a&gt; is an option.  It should help give you a good understanding of what's going on under the hood while you're browsing/interacting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not entirely certain about apple products, but, if you have a windows machine, you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/web/downloads/platform.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;web platform installer&lt;/a&gt; to install applications locally to test on as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, spending some time browsing some of the question/answers here, as well as places like &lt;a href=&quot;http://sqaforums.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sqaforums&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingclub.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;software testing club&lt;/a&gt; can give some great insight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2012-10-24T14:24:14.990" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T14:24:14.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5045" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-24T13:32:05.183" Score="3" ViewCount="199" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Windows application using OpenGL and automated E2E test environment based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; framework. Tests run locally and are not available outside of my company network. As we have two different development teams in different geographical locations without access to our network I would like to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have a dedicated machine (or rent such a PC) available via ssh or similar to deploy app and execute tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be able to query test progress / status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get test results for usage in continuous integration system (Jenkins)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the possible solutions, what tools / systems do you use in your organizations ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4280" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-01T09:55:14.490" LastActivityDate="2012-12-06T22:05:03.870" Title="Automated testing in cloud" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2012-10-24T13:45:12.410" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Starting testing during development is too late, and starting testing before deployment is usually a recipe for disaster, missed deadlines, and high unexpected costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing should start as early as possible. If you have a prototyping stage, then testers should be involved in the prototyping before any requirements / stories are solidified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Early involvement not only empowers people to be a voice in the project, but also enables testers to start designing tests, modeling, reviewing, etc. that may prevent bugs and help promote quality throughout the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T13:45:12.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2012-10-24T13:47:13.483" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing team should be involved in the project from the very beginning. Especially important are gathering system requirements and design phases. Basically speaking you have to &lt;strong&gt;design your system for testability&lt;/strong&gt;. It's quite difficult to implement test automation if your system hasn't been designed to support test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also depends on your organization what kind of tests do you use (unit tests, functional test, E2E tests, etc.) and what is your supporting infrastructure e.g continuous integration, nightly builds, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also consider using of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4280" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T13:47:13.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5048" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5051" CreationDate="2012-10-24T14:07:18.490" Score="2" ViewCount="1012" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a new here and would like to learn tips from experienced QA Analysts. What do you think are the attitudes or qualities that will help me excel in this field? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T14:49:43.817" Title="What attitude or way of thinking should a good QA Tester possess?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-07-10T17:45:24.417" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2012-10-24T14:30:13.457" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed you did not ask whether it was &lt;em&gt;better&lt;/em&gt; to start testing during project development or before deployment; you asked which was more &lt;em&gt;efficient&lt;/em&gt;.  You also did not specify whose efficiency you wanted to maximize.  You did not say who would be doing the testing, but since you mentioned testing before deployment, I assume your refer to testing by someone other than the developer, regardless of whether the developer does their own unit testing.  Finally, you asked about when to start &lt;em&gt;testing&lt;/em&gt;, not about when the tester should &lt;em&gt;get involved&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the tester is overworked and forced to share their time between too many projects, it may be a more efficient use of their time to test after development is finished; that way, the tester does not need to redo work to compensate for changing decisions during development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the tester is not overworked, it may be more efficient as part of the overall team for the tester to get involved as early as possible.  That way, for example, the tester may be able to influence decisions that eliminate problems before they are manifested in code.  Moreover, assuming the tester has the time, testing should begin as soon as the interfaces they want to test are mostly stable.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what you mean by &quot;before deployment&quot; -- in your organization, are there other phases between development and deployment?  If you can clarify that point, I can try to address that aspect of your question, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:17:38.813" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:17:38.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5050" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5058" CreationDate="2012-10-24T14:33:38.190" Score="12" ViewCount="7255" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there best practices in coming up with effective test scenarios? Are there documented test scenarios that can be reused across different systems? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T12:38:58.487" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T13:34:55.847" Title="Is there a guide for systematic way of writing test scenarios?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5048" CreationDate="2012-10-24T14:49:43.817" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://testjutsu.com/2012/02/new-to-software-testing-read-this/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt; from Ben Kelly for an example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuous learning, critical thinking and good communication skills&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/764&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this post&lt;/a&gt; from James Bach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T14:49:43.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5042" CreationDate="2012-10-24T14:52:19.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keep an eye out for &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Weekend Testing sessions&lt;/a&gt; - a good way to learn testing and interact and learn from other testers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T14:52:19.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5053" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-24T15:17:25.483" Score="4" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are recruiting test engineers to two existing projects, that up until now had a single test engineer juggling between them.&#xA;The projects are not expected to grow significantly in the near future, each will have 1-3 testers. The projects are not related in any way (well...Android is the underlying layer in both, they use the same devices and share some of the tools).&#xA;We are considering one of two options, each with its pros and cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a test team per project, possibly each with a team leader.  &lt;strong&gt;Pros&lt;/strong&gt; - testers can be highly specialized, resource allocation is not affected by other projects.  &lt;strong&gt;Cons&lt;/strong&gt;- even though the projects are exiting, I am worried from long term boredom.&#xA;we can't focus effort at peak times.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a single test team with a single team leader.  &lt;strong&gt;Pros&lt;/strong&gt; - generally resources can be allocated much better.  &lt;strong&gt;Cons&lt;/strong&gt; - multitasking tends to harm specializing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other options?  What to choose?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-24T16:09:46.980" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T14:54:22.547" Title="Dedicated or cross projects test team?" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5053" CreationDate="2012-10-24T17:20:43.077" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal preference is to share resources across features and even products.  While working on a single feature or product does increase specializing, that in itself has some associated cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the person specializing in a feature has missed something&#xA;important and everyone else is not familiar enough with what they&#xA;are doing to notice it, that could be a problem.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You mentioned boredom - it's easy for someone working on the same tasks day in and&#xA;day out to go on auto-pilot and again the risk would be that they&#xA;miss something important.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You also run the risk of someone leaving the team, even temporarily for vacation and having nobody qualified to step in and take over.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another pro I have noticed is that because people are moving between projects, it forces good practices around documenting processes.  Nobody can have some process in their head and not written down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T17:20:43.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5050" CreationDate="2012-10-24T17:53:42.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are different approaches possible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;if you have system requirements document, you may write one or more test cases to each requirement &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;another approach is based on system / user manual, you read this document and then write test scenarios trying to cover described functionalities&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;in Agile / Scrum teams you may use acceptance criteria definition for the user story / epic and write your test cases based on this document&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4280" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T17:53:42.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5050" CreationDate="2012-10-24T18:54:36.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the login process, have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bettertesting.co.uk/content/?p=1372&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this mindmap&lt;/a&gt; from Darren Mcmillan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-10-24T18:54:36.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5050" CreationDate="2012-10-24T19:41:55.450" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Katrina,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to include some important approaches and goals for software testing that tend to be beneficial in creating effective test case scenarios in a wide variety of testing situations.  They include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't repeat yourself  (e.g., keep scenarios &quot;DRY&quot;); don't repeat combinations of test inputs more than you need to because you would find out more with the limited time you have if you tested as many different combinations of test inputs as you can in the limited time you have available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maximize variation (the flip-side of the &quot;DRY&quot; principle).  Changing things as much as possible between each test case is an excellent way to trigger as many defects as possible in as few tests a possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cover as much as possible in a manageable number of tests (because you'll never have time to test everything).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use basic concepts like Equivalence Class Partitioning and Boundary Value analysis to focus your tests on where the defects are most likely to be.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have an easy and maintainable approach to ensure that you're testing for all of the requirements that key stakeholders have told you that they want tested - but go far beyond that &quot;minimum&quot; list to &quot;earn your keep&quot; as a value-adding software tester.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Systematically and intelligently prioritize what combinations of inputs get tested vs. what combinations will not get tested using methods such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/combinatorial-and-pairwise-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pairwise testing and/or combinatorial testing&lt;/a&gt; that are designed to maximize the amount of coverage you can achieve with the limited time you have available to test.  (Test design tools, as mentioned below, can often be a big help here).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With a tip of the hat to Laura for her good comment (below)... Be sure to include tests based on ideas gathered from reviewing bug reports.  Even if bugs have been found and fixed, bugs tend to &quot;cluster&quot; and places in the code that have broken before are more likely than other code to misbehave in the future.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A complete list of &quot;best practices&quot; is not possible to cram into a stackexchange answer though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accordingly, if you're serious about advancing your understanding from here about how to write effective test scenarios, I'd suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reading books about effective strategies for software test design.  There are relatively few around, but I would highly recommend these 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/158053791X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Practitioner's Guide to Software Test Design&lt;/a&gt; by Lee Copeland &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/9185699039&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Essential Software Test Design&lt;/a&gt;  by Torbjörn Ryber and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The superb recently released book by Elisabeth Hendrickson called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/ehxta/explore-it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Explore It!&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try out software test design tools like our company's &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hexawise&lt;/a&gt; tool and others listed on sites like pairwisetesting.com and pairwise.org.  Learn their benefits and limitations.  While they can be a big help to quickly generate powerful sets of test scripts when they are used correctly, in order to be used to their full potential, they rely on the critical thinking skills of thoughtful testers who understand the fundamentals of solid software test design principles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a related note, you might find the sqa.stackexchange question about &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/775/systematic-approaches-to-selection-of-test-data/780#780&quot;&gt;Systematic Approaches to Selection of Test Data&lt;/a&gt;&quot; to be of interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks and good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T14:07:13.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5059" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-25T05:10:02.713" Score="7" ViewCount="564" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been hearing a lot about page object modelling? Why is it so important?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please outline me page object model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working as QE in webservices area&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4285" LastActivityDate="2016-05-07T23:17:44.637" Title="What is page object modelling? and Why is it so important?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2012-10-25T07:09:54.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my view, &quot;Scrum is the best agile approach.  In scrum, each sprint produces an increment, which is a potentially releasable product. Here, each increment must satisfy all acceptance criteria and pass the different categories of tests.   Regression tests are a tiresome activity, especially in an agile process, which is characterized by nonstop changes and frequent deliveries. If project ‘Cost’ affect the project then we can perform Regression manually. If not then automation is best to handle regression. Selenium, Microsoft Test Manager etc. are examples of tools that the team can use to automate regression tests.&#xA;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4287" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T07:09:54.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-25T07:36:22.007" Score="6" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently starting to develop a web-application. This application should also upload a significant amount of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does a tool exist, with which I can limit the upload and download speed for some applications or the whole computer?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Ubuntu Linux or Windows 7, preferably both)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4288" LastActivityDate="2019-05-29T07:55:50.707" Title="Does a tool for testing web applications with different bandwidths exist?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2012-10-25T08:44:44.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check Aptimize Latency Simulator Tool. This can be used to simulate network latency (locally hosted, remotely hosted). The bandwidth would differ in both cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download tool from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aptimize.com/downloads/file/latency-simulator.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Walkthrough video - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aptimize.com/blog/latency-simulator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;, This link seems removed adding &lt;a href=&quot;http://sqlandsiva.blogspot.in/2011/09/qa-free-tool-aptimize-latency-simulator.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; from my notes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T08:44:44.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2012-10-25T09:50:05.507" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.shunra.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Shunra&lt;/a&gt; has tools to simulate a variety of network impairments- bandwidth, latency or packet loss (and maybe more). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T09:50:05.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-25T11:09:28.130" Score="3" ViewCount="1377" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a open source testing tool that can be used to test Flash based applications.  I Googled and found &quot;AutoTest Flash&quot; but it seems to be in a dormant state.  Has anybody used that tool or another similar tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4289" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-10-26T13:50:47.453" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T13:50:47.453" Title="Looking for open source testing tool that can be used to test Flash based applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5065" CreationDate="2012-10-25T12:33:39.897" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few options, and which tool works for you depends on your specific circumstance, so heres a list of the ones I've seen used;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://flexmonkey.gorillalogic.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FlexMonkey&lt;/a&gt; - Provides an IDE recorder, test case exporting and can be integrated into CI tools such as Jenkins using its ANT tasks.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pros: Creates FlexUnit test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cons: Doesn't play well with custom components or very complex interfaces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; - Doesn't test Flash as such, but uses Image Recognition tech to recognise buttons/layout elements etc, and can control &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; application&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pros: Can interact on &lt;em&gt;anything&lt;/em&gt; the user can see&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cons: Struggles with highly variable interfaces (dynamic backdrops, etc) and doesn't allow you to validate text very easily (ie you can't do things like; assertThat(page.getTitle(), is(equalTo(&quot;Some Expected Title&quot;)));&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/flash-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flash-selenium&lt;/a&gt; - An extension to the very popular Selenium test system&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pros : Lets you maintain a common work flow if you're using Flash within other html content&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cons : Requires building a Selenium version of the flash application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastEditorUserId="4290" LastEditDate="2012-10-25T15:45:06.803" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T15:45:06.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2012-10-25T12:37:20.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;On linux environments you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/netem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;netem&lt;/a&gt; application which allows you to emulate a very wide range of networking circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are able to control latency, packet loss, jitter, and limit bandwidth without needing to create new devices or configure applications any differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T12:37:20.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5028" CreationDate="2012-10-25T12:49:57.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/fitnesse-editor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fitness-editor&lt;/a&gt; plugin for Eclipse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team maintain the fitness source alongside the project source code using some sort of version control, Eclipse will also let you manage the changes and commits more effectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Theres also a plugin for intelij (&lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse4idea.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fitnesse4idea&lt;/a&gt;) and for the particularlly adventurous a syntax highligher script for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=2651&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vim&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastEditorUserId="4290" LastEditDate="2012-10-26T13:00:01.980" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T13:00:01.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5059" CreationDate="2012-10-25T12:52:17.227" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; ( scroll down to the page objects section though the whole page us good ) and &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; for some background &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or from &lt;a href=&quot;http://watirmelon.com/2012/06/04/roll-your-own-page-objects/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Taking it back to basics, essentially there are three functions I see&#xA;  a page object pattern provides:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ability to easily instantiate pages in a consistent manner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ability to concisely describe elements on a page, keep it DRY by&#xA;  avoiding repetition of element identifiers (using the underlying&#xA;  driver’s API)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ability to provide higher level methods that use the elements to&#xA;  perform user oriented functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and a tutorial &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/tutorials/selenium/page-object-pattern.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="1242" LastEditDate="2012-10-25T14:06:55.273" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T14:06:55.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5070" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-25T13:56:05.827" Score="4" ViewCount="1863" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to have some kind of shortcut (probably bookmarklet) to run specific Selenium script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While developing webapp I'd like to have a possibility to quickly run specific Selenium script to log in and navigate to specific page. I'd like to avoid having yet another (Selenium in this case) window opened just for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it's a little surprising this hasn't been raised at &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topicsearchin/selenium-users/group%3aselenium-users%2420AND%2420subject%3ashortcut/selenium-users/yoGJ5x655ug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Keyboard shortcut for opening Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; thread on Selenium Users group one finds this fragment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;menuitem label=&quot;Selenium IDE&quot; oncommand=&quot;SeleniumIDE.Loader.openRecorder();&quot; insertbefore=&quot;sanitizeSeparator,prefSep&quot; *accesskey=&quot;N&quot;* /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which would suggest &lt;code&gt;SeleniumIDE.Loader&lt;/code&gt;could be of some use here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4291" LastEditorUserId="4291" LastEditDate="2012-10-25T14:57:43.663" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T16:04:22.190" Title="How to create shortcut to run Selenium script?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5053" CreationDate="2012-10-25T14:54:22.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both can work, and as you point out, both have pros and cons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently in a situation where we have insufficient people to be able to dedicate them to any project(s). The juggling between projects is constant, and starting to wear me down. Each day seems like &quot;so which projects do I have to disappoint today?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the projects themselves can be effectively scheduled, and the schedule &quot;sticks&quot; to a reasonable degree, juggling folks between projects can work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your projects are constantly delayed, extended, or new &quot;phases&quot; are invented that demand immediate attention (as seems to be happening here), juggling people among projects can be a full-time job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T14:54:22.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5070" CreationDate="2012-10-25T15:52:41.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently (to the best of my knowledge), Selenium does not have the ability to do this in the same window as you are already in, it must spawn it's own.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to look into something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WATiR&lt;/a&gt; (ruby), &lt;a href=&quot;http://watin.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt; (.NET), or iMacros (&lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/imacros-for-firefox/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;firefox&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/imacros-for-chrome/cplklnmnlbnpmjogncfgfijoopmnlemp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;chrome&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you just want to be able to run the navigation without the window being visible, try taking a look through this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumwebdriver.com/google-selenium-webdriver/hide-browser-window/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;discussion thread&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2012-10-25T16:04:22.190" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T16:04:22.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2012-10-25T20:37:51.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Katrina, there are some great answers here already but I would like throw a monkey wrench into the mix. Requirements have been mentioned a few times. Requirements are nice but in the development team where I work, they are nonexistent. I test when the code is delivered to me, sometimes 2-4 weeks prior to deployment, and with zero requirements. Is this ideal? No, but it is a system that works for our development team. What I am trying to say is there are &quot;ideal&quot; testing environments and timelines, and then there are &quot;real world&quot; testing environments and timelines. It is more 'efficient' for your employer, dev team and customer for the tester to start testing in the timeline that works best for their own environment. While it is immensely helpful and valuable to know the latest QA paradigm and &quot;best practices,&quot; if you try to conform to them and the rest of your team is not, you might go crazy. Always keep the big picture in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T20:37:51.737" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3816" CreationDate="2012-10-25T20:54:52.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As user246 says, your principal concern is the functionality of the user facing system. You need to consider the product as a whole, a tool to deliver some value to its users. Given your example of some 'save' function, ask yourself why am I able to save this information; does it update my public profile, impact the way an email is delivered, or change the behaviour of some other system. When you start thinking about the value, (the Why), the focus of your test becomes more clear. Ie, to test the save function, check the users profile has updated. If the save has no visible effect, why save at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, I often find that developers need to add behaviour to apps to support effective testing. For instance, I have a function that adds users, but I am limited to one account, so I got the team to build a quick delete function to help test the app without needing to reset databases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2012-10-25T20:54:52.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2012-10-26T00:36:52.230" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should clarify your question to define what is meant with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;start testing&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look on this diagram (taken from &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/site/amitamitbhutani/testinglifecycle&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Km3I3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;BR vs. UC&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are various aspects of tests.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;They are &lt;strong&gt;defined&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;run&lt;/strong&gt; at all phases across Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Tests&lt;/strong&gt; are defined just at the same time with &lt;em&gt;Business Requirements&lt;/em&gt; - e.g. they are defined at the very beginning of an SDLC and run at the very end;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Tests&lt;/strong&gt; are defined along with &lt;em&gt;SRS&lt;/em&gt; and are usually run for each alpha/local release;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration Tests&lt;/strong&gt; are &quot;mid-range&quot; tests for components; They are defined and run pretty often, e.g. on weekly scrums;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and so on, till the very low-level &lt;strong&gt;Unit Tests&lt;/strong&gt; that are defined and run on practically the same time;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the answer to your question:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;You should define and run different types of your tests at all phases of entire SDLC.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. A common mistake is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; allocating QA engineers from the very beginning of the SDLC. If it happens, they often don't have time for tests definition. I always ask myself, if I have nothing &lt;em&gt;defined&lt;/em&gt;, how do I &lt;em&gt;run&lt;/em&gt; it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T00:36:52.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2012-10-26T07:58:58.487" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could refer how they make it linked for qTest tool - cloud-based Test Management. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qasymphony.com/qtest-features.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.qasymphony.com/qtest-features.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4277" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T07:58:58.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5023" CreationDate="2012-10-26T12:54:59.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the implementation of your &quot;other project&quot; I would suggest that;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change the external project to throw exceptions in the event of failure&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include a helpful error message, and some context about the current state of the method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement a post-test screenshot capture&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We've implemented a JUnit Rule which extends TestWatchMan that runs after a test completes (for any case) and captures a screenshot from the remote server (base64 encoded png) and stores it with a filename like : &lt;em&gt;ERROR-com.example.package.ClassName-myTestMethod.png&lt;/em&gt; which is kept by Jenkins for later review &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want control in a programatic manner, go with the first option, if its for context of a failure, use the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferably, use both :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T12:54:59.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5065" CreationDate="2012-10-26T13:46:55.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;+1 for Sikuli. it is easy to use and you are not limited by the underlying technology of the application. Can be used to test on almost any os/device if you have access to the UI(any kind of vnc or rdc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4296" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T13:46:55.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3886" CreationDate="2012-10-26T22:12:15.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are 2 plugins:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plugin to export requirements from word document to QC &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plugin to export requirements from excel document to QC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you install these in your machine, you will get options to 'export to QC' when you open the respective application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pre-requisite is to have a properly formatted document (either word or excel).  It will contain your reqID and planID along with other fields.  Now, once you run the plugin it will list the available fields in your QC requirement section.  You can choose a field and map it to the respective column in your excel sheet.  Finally, click upload.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the fields available in your 'requirements' section (in QC) is entirely customizable.  You may have to contact your QC Admin (or touch base with your HP point of contact) to ensure that those fields get listed when you use the plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://update.external.hp.com/qualitycenter/qc100/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://update.external.hp.com/qualitycenter/qc100/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2012-10-26T22:12:15.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2260" CreationDate="2012-10-27T07:34:58.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like you might need to build some custom code, I haven't heard of anything that does this off the shelf, for any language. However, here's an approach I think might work;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming your using well structured objects, create a facade object that wraps the behaviour of the class under test, and present the facade to your normal application. Implement the facade such that it records log output to file which can be reconsituted into runnable methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two obvious ways to handle the logging; dump a unique log file per instance of your facade, and construct the log messages such that they 'write code'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Public doAction($a){&#xA;  // start by telling our &quot;test&quot; to call the method&#xA;  //serialise the input so it can get logged properly&#xA;  $serialInput = serialise($a);&#xA;  Log.info(&quot;$result = $instance-&amp;gt;doAction(deserialise($serialInput));&quot;);&#xA;  // now really call the method&#xA;  $realResult = $realImplementation-&amp;gt;doAction($a);&#xA;  //serialise the returned object so we can persist it in the log&#xA;  // and do some assertions to check things&#xA;  $d = serialise($realResult)&#xA;  Log.info(&quot;assertEquals($result, deserialise(&quot;.$d.&quot;);&quot;);&#xA;  // really return the method to keep our facade intact&#xA;  Return $realResult;&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd need to construct new instances and functions when constructors are called, and will probably end without closing tags, but that's easy to add.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a fragile approach, but with some clever reflection could infact have a general purpose implementation built. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2012-10-27T07:34:58.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5083" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5084" CreationDate="2012-10-27T22:39:50.487" Score="4" ViewCount="2285" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for an open-source functional testing automation tool that supports testing of Silverlight based applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific, the tool should be able to recognize objects within the Silverlight applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found a question that talks about &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5065/looking-for-open-source-testing-tool-that-can-be-used-to-test-flash-based-applic&quot;&gt;testing Adobe Flash (or Flex) based applications&lt;/a&gt;, but I would like to ask for help in dealing with similar testing automation experience on Microsoft Silverlight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1052" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T06:05:08.463" Title="Open-source functional testing automation tools for testing Silverlight based applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;&lt;flash&gt;&lt;silverlight&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5083" CreationDate="2012-10-27T23:57:27.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://white.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;White APIs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T06:04:44.307" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T06:04:44.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3649" CreationDate="2012-10-29T00:50:16.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As checked and confirmed with IBM representatives and according to IBM Portal (Link &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-304.ibm.com/partnerworld/gsd/solutiondetails.do?solution=25721&amp;amp;expand=true&amp;amp;lc=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt;), the use of both Rational Performance Tester (RPT) and Rational Functional Tester (RFT) should be supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We will have a project running to conduct both functional testing automation and performance testing for the &quot;Finacle - Infosys&quot; core banking system during the coming 12 months, after-which I can post any updates on this question of mine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1052" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T00:50:16.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5027" CreationDate="2012-10-29T06:38:49.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test can return false positives or false negatives either because of incorrect oracle (and comparators) or incorrect test input data (aka test steps). To address those problems I found the following approaches in the literature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Incorrect oracle and comparators&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Binder in his book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321700678&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Testing Object-Oriented Systems&quot;&lt;/a&gt; suggests the following to limit the problem of designing incorrect oracle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If possible, review some expected results produced by your oracle&#xA;  and your assumptions with system users. Values that may look correct&#xA;  to a developer or tester may be subtly incorrect due to some special&#xA;  constraints.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The more complex the oracle, the greater the chance of&#xA;  spurious test results. Try for the simplest solution.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If the oracle&#xA;  is specification-based, do not forget to verify the specification.&#xA;  Scrutinize the specification for omissions, contradiction.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Try the&#xA;  oracle for test cases that have obvious expected results – for&#xA;  example, all zeros in, all zeros out. Such test cases check the oracle&#xA;  and comparator.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If practical and feasible, try using several&#xA;  independent sources. For example, if you are picking values from a&#xA;  table in a reference work, try to find several other reference works&#xA;  that provide the same information. Interleave values from these&#xA;  sources. If you are usin an existing system as the oracle, try running&#xA;  the system in different configurations or platforms, varying the time&#xA;  of day, altering the background load, and so on  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Although writing a&#xA;  program to generate millions of test case inputs is usually not&#xA;  difficult, producing their expected results is often equivalent to&#xA;  developing the SUT. Two of the oracle patterns can partially overcome&#xA;  this limitation. Built-in Test Oracle will detect some, but not all,&#xA;  incorrect output from any input. You may be able to use an existing&#xA;  system as gold standard oracle. Run the existing system with your test&#xA;  inputs. It will automatically produce some or all of your expected&#xA;  results (Trusted System Oracle pattern).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Design-for-testability&#xA;  tip: Consider abandoning a test strategy or test case if it requires a&#xA;  very difficult or costly oracle. Try to use existing code, files, or&#xA;  test suites as much as possible.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Design-for-testability tip:&#xA;  Consider reworking an application specification or requirement if its&#xA;  oracle would be very difficult or costly to develop.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Consider a&#xA;  partial or approximating oracle. Don’t assume that your oracle must&#xA;  generate complete expected results for every possible input and state.&#xA;  Concentrate on generating outputs that must be correct or that are&#xA;  difficult and/or time-consuming to check by hand.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Consider using&#xA;  several kinds of oracles to offset weakness. For example, you can use&#xA;  an existing system to generate about half of the critical outputs for&#xA;  a new system. You could implement built-in test assertions to check&#xA;  relationships on the newer output.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Incorrect test input data&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One reason why test data are invalid can be buggy generators for test input data. Therefore, &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; suggest to unit test and review them as in any other piece of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may seem that testing the testing framework will lead to testing &lt;em&gt;ad infinitum&lt;/em&gt;. In practice, unit tests by definition must be simpler than the tested system, so they will not need to be tested. Second, instead of verifying new test data every time you write it, you will verify a generator only once. Finally, with tests for generator you're also more confident that fixing a generator will not introduce any new bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-07T19:42:01.237" LastActivityDate="2013-09-07T19:42:01.237" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5089" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7921" CreationDate="2012-10-29T14:09:41.770" Score="0" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way when using test manager to stop a test part of the way through close down test manager and continue the run at a later date with the attachments you have taken?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2989" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T12:04:42.747" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T12:04:42.747" Title="MS Test manger not able to stop a test and re-start with attachments taken" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5091" CreationDate="2012-10-29T17:22:29.050" Score="2" ViewCount="6655" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to know if an application is requesting one beacon via an image or &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLHttpRequest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XHR&lt;/a&gt; request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manually I test it via the network tab in &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebug_%28software%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FireBug&lt;/a&gt; or monitoring the proxied requests in other browsers...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching I see several references to  &lt;code&gt;captureNetworkTraffic&lt;/code&gt; but none of my Selenium instances have this command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using the Firefox IDE 1.9.1 and Stand Alone server 2.25.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I be using to have that &lt;code&gt;captureNetworkTraffic&lt;/code&gt; command available? Also, where is it officially documented?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4298" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-10-29T19:06:17.960" LastActivityDate="2020-11-20T04:45:08.583" Title="Selenium, monitor network, captureNetworkTraffic command not available" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-06-16T01:18:54.540" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5090" CreationDate="2012-10-29T18:03:52.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1276/is-there-a-capturenetworktraffic-implementation-in-selenium-2-via-webdriver&quot;&gt;this previous thread&lt;/a&gt; for an explanation - seems you wont find it officially documented as it is not official...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T18:03:52.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-29T19:26:48.927" Score="6" ViewCount="630" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if people find that IE9 compatibility mode is sufficient enough to complete testing sites for multiple IE versions.  In comparison to IE collections, virtual machines, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4304" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T01:49:49.140" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T12:15:13.227" Title="Testing IE 7, 8, 9. Is the IE9 compatability mode sufficient?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5092" CreationDate="2012-10-29T19:51:40.220" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10249454/how-well-does-ie7-8-mode-in-ie9-compare-to-actually-running-ie7-8&quot;&gt;This Stack Overflow thread&lt;/a&gt; suggests that there are differences and the modes are not &lt;em&gt;totally&lt;/em&gt; accurate.&#xA;Depends on your definition of risk and how accurate the results have to be for you and your stakeholders&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T19:51:40.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1971" CreationDate="2012-10-29T23:12:25.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is an &lt;em&gt;immutable law&lt;/em&gt; in test automation that you start with a known data state. Do not ever rely on tear down or the results of another test. Clean your state and establish your baseline data before the test runs. This is the only way to have reliable tests and has the advantage of leaving your complex data in a known state for debugging as the first responder so knowingly alluded to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4306" LastActivityDate="2012-10-29T23:12:25.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5022" CreationDate="2012-10-30T04:31:20.567" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does the “select” control require refresh page?   If so, you might have to add the following line inside WebDriverWait.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().refresh(); //refresh the page (java code.  C# should have a similar function) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you cannot use the both (Implicitly wait and WebDrvierWait ) inside the same test.  You have to nullify ImplicitlyWait before calling WebDriverWait because ImplicitlyWait controls the “d.FindElement()” wait time.   For example, if you set 30 seconds Implicitly Wait time, “d.FindElement()” will also wait 30 seconds.  So, the fourth example WebDriverWait will not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//nullify implicitlyWait (java code)  &#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is WaitTool utility class at Github.  It is written in Java (similar to C#).  It shows how to use ImplicitlyWait and WebDriverWait in the same test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information &lt;a href=&quot;http://chon.techliminal.com/ajax_wait/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, and WaitTool &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ChonC/wtbox/blob/master/src/wtbox/util/WaitTool.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4308" LastEditorUserId="4308" LastEditDate="2012-10-31T21:35:44.527" LastActivityDate="2012-10-31T21:35:44.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5097" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5104" CreationDate="2012-10-30T06:42:55.627" Score="7" ViewCount="54594" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to this field and I have decided my career as software tester. What are the role and responsibilities as an &lt;strong&gt;software tester&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;According to my assumption:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1) Analyzing the Requirements from the client&#xA;2) Participating in preparing Test Plans&#xA;3) Preparing Test Scenarios,test cases&#xA;4) Defect Tracking&#xA;5) Preparing Suggestion Documents to improve the quality of the application&#xA;6) Communication with the Test Lead / Test Manager&#xA;7) Conducting Review Meetings within the Team&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apart from the above points any other things I need to care about as a software tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T08:41:55.007" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T09:23:04.997" Title="What are the main role and responsibilities of a tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-10-30T06:50:23.773" Score="1" ViewCount="3272" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am still pretty new here, but couldn't find an answer so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know if there are any test cases (if possible of a specific folder in the Test Plan) that have not been linked to a test set, and therefore won't be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are still at the beginning... and I want to show the testers a list of test cases that they might have forgotten about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks and stay safe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regina&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4309" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T18:12:38.093" Title="QC Report: Which test cases have not been linked to at least one test set?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5099" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5101" CreationDate="2012-10-30T09:33:26.210" Score="5" ViewCount="6838" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay so I have created a very simple webtest. The purpose of this webtest is to attempt to login whilst simulating a few failing attempts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The webtest has the obvious credentials associated with it:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Username&#xA;Password&#xA;What I want to be able to do is when I associate the web test with a load test I want to be able to login with 25 users using multiple different credentials, how can I set these and then tell the test to use the multiple credentials?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4248" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T04:16:03.997" Title="Load test with multiple credentials" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5099" CreationDate="2012-10-30T13:54:20.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;web test Plugins was my solution I can write some code to iterate or go through a data set quite easily. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.WebTesting;&#xA;&#xA;namespace SampleRequestPlugins&#xA;{&#xA;    public class DynamicUsername : WebTestPlugin&#xA;    {&#xA;        static int _testIterationNumber = 1;&#xA;&#xA;        public override void PostWebTest(object sender, PostWebTestEventArgs e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            e.WebTest.Context[&quot;TestIterationNumber&quot;] = _testIterationNumber;&#xA;            _testIterationNumber++;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public override void PreWebTest(object sender, PreWebTestEventArgs e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            e.WebTest.Context[&quot;username&quot;] = &quot;username&quot; + _testIterationNumber.ToString();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I created a new class library with the above class. I then referenced the class library project in my test project, I could then right click on the top node of a web test and add as a web test plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4248" LastActivityDate="2012-10-30T13:54:20.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5099" CreationDate="2012-10-30T16:02:49.287" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;you could use a plugin, although there is a simpler way.  You can create a CSV file with the list of usernames and passwords you want to iterate through and then create a datasource.  When you execute the web test, it will iterate through all of the items in the CSV file, one line for each test execution.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on what you outlined above I would probably create 2 tests and 2 CSV files.  One test would be a test where the login is successful and it would have a list of valid usernames and passwords and the second test would be for invalid logins.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative would be to have a single test and in the CSV have 3 columns, user name|password|expectedResponse.  You could then create a validation rule that looks for the value in the expectedResponse column and passes so long as it matches.  A single test would work fine, but the reporting would probably be cleaner with two test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-10-30T16:02:49.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2012-10-31T02:22:11.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ldtp/cobra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cobra&lt;/a&gt; is Free Software to automate any app (which are accessibility enabled) on Windows XP SP3 / Windows 7 / Windows 8. Open sourced by VMware Inc. LDTP is also cross platform GUI automation tool, for more information check &lt;a href=&quot;http://ldtp.freedesktop.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ldtp.freedesktop.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4316" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-09T07:07:30.507" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T07:07:30.507" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5103" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12740" CreationDate="2012-10-31T03:52:39.173" Score="0" ViewCount="919" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate tests for Liferay portal with portlets on JavaScript. I am going to try several frameworks before implementing tests. For now, I am considering &lt;a href=&quot;http://dojotoolkit.org/reference-guide/1.8/util/doh.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;D.O.H.&lt;/a&gt; and Selenium Webdriver. Selenium because I know it and we implemented a lot of testing using it and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dojotoolkit.org/reference-guide/1.8/util/doh.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;D.O.H.&lt;/a&gt; because it seems it is made for Dojo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other frameworks worth considering? I'd like to hear about frameworks that offer the following functionality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to wait AJAX requests &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save results in database &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate reports and send them to email &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should work on Linux &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to write scripts in some programming language (Python, Java, JavaScript, Ruby)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that Selenium itself, for example, doesn't save results and create reports. But it may be that there are useful frameworks that can do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4317" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T00:02:30.207" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T13:03:51.700" Title="Framework for testing Dojo" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5097" CreationDate="2012-10-31T08:50:16.283" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thank you for the opportunity for me to delve into the theory of testing and Quality Assurance. As you seem to be mostly interested in the role of a test specialist in software realization projects, I will keep the scope of my answer in that general area. Please keep in mind that most here is written from my opinion and experience and less based on books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First about quality&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before we can start testing we need to understand the concept of Quality. Quality can be defined as the distance between the actual object under test and the customer's expectation of the object. This means that you should be measuring how well the object fits the expectation to determine the quality. To do this, you should be aware of the expectation, which is often captured in requirements. Now you can see that when your requirements are not fitting the expectation, neither will the end result of everyone's efforts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is testing and why would you do it?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, testing is more about measuring than it is about suggesting improvement. Everyone has a specialty and the Business Analyst should be very skilled in delivering great requirements and suggesting improvements. This pushes your point 5. out of the window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester, you should be clear, in every new project you work, what your assignment is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are you expected to add to great quality software? Be prepared to meet with the customer to find out his expectations. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are you expected to add to a low defect count? Write loads of test cases based on the requirements and specification.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find out what type of tester you are and make sure you fit in your team, you will do fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kind regards,&#xA;Koen Prins&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4250" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-10-31T21:37:20.133" LastActivityDate="2012-10-31T21:37:20.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-01T06:07:12.680" Score="5" ViewCount="1504" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am searching for an open source automation tool for all mobile platforms (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Android&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iOS&lt;/a&gt;).I have experience in using Selenium in all supported desktop browsers. I would like to know whether the automation of native application is supported by Selenium. If so, please provide useful links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-01T08:52:25.233" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T19:58:09.027" Title="Testing native application of Android and iOS" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5105" CreationDate="2012-11-01T08:54:54.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MonkeyTalk: open source functional testing platform for iOS and&#xA;Android - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/fonemonkey/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another interersting tool open sourced by twitter Clutch.IO - native A/B testing service for iOS and Android &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/clutchio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T08:54:54.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5109" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5110" CreationDate="2012-11-01T14:15:31.297" Score="2" ViewCount="659" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working with web-test in visual studio test system, without writing a code test, is there a way to invoke a click on a link/button/submit item? I am thinking of doing this by adding a request in the gui editor but can't for the life of me figure out if it's possible or how to go about it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4248" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T15:29:47.017" Title="Simulating a click in web performance tests" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5109" CreationDate="2012-11-01T14:31:36.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The click I was simulating had a js onclick event to change the page, obviously vsts doesn't support javascript. So to get round this I removed the request to click and then added a get request which mimic'd what the onclick event was trying to achieve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4248" LastEditorUserId="4248" LastEditDate="2012-11-01T15:29:47.017" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T15:29:47.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5111" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5112" CreationDate="2012-11-01T15:00:40.590" Score="2" ViewCount="118" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine you have a sequence of web tests in Visual Studio, recorded individually i.e., &quot;Login&quot;, &quot;Event A&quot; and &quot;Event B&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do both &quot;Event A&quot; and &quot;Event B&quot; you need to login. Is there a way for tests &quot;Event A&quot; and &quot;Event B&quot; to inherit &quot;Login&quot; test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am calling it &lt;em&gt;inheritance&lt;/em&gt; but don't know if that is the correct term please correct me if I am wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way my tests can be almost modular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance for any support you give.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4248" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-01T17:21:13.673" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T17:21:13.673" Title="Is there test inheritance in VisualStudio?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5111" CreationDate="2012-11-01T15:42:59.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simple answer is yes.  You can right click on the test case in the web test editor and select &quot;Add call to web test&quot; and it will call that web test.  Any context parameters that are required by your &quot;Login&quot; test can be set in the other test or in the load test and will be used by Login when executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T15:42:59.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5092" CreationDate="2012-11-01T16:08:42.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sadly, years of playing with emulators of one form or another has taught me a very simple lesson:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no substitute for testing your software on it's target&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter how good a simulator or emulator you are running, there will be enough situations that the sim/em-ulator doesn't cover 100% accurately that you are leaving potential problems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also had lots of problems with the Windows 7 XP compatibility mode, where the compatibility mode cannot handle a number of technical applications (it's OK for Office...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, whilst I don't do browser software, I would be very cautious about relying on IE9's compatibility mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4326" LastActivityDate="2012-11-01T16:08:42.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2012-11-02T02:47:12.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterprisetester.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enterprise Tester&lt;/a&gt; has already been mentioned above, but I would agree that it is well worth a look. &lt;strong&gt;Disclosure:&lt;/strong&gt; I work for the company that develop it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We frequently get compared to Quality Center from a functionality perspective, but differ around cost, frequency of release (we release new features every 2-3 months), and the way we engage with our customers. Enterprise Tester is flexible, provides full coverage from requirements to defects, dashboards and reporting, TQL, and a REST API. It also integrates with JIRA, TFS, Enterprise Architect, Selenium and others...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can grab a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterprisetester.com/try&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;free 30-day trial&lt;/a&gt; of Enterprise Tester from our site or get started with a $10 license. We also offer free Open Source / Charity licenses for those that qualify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4328" LastEditorUserId="4328" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T03:12:22.913" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T03:12:22.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2012-11-02T03:17:54.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a bit late for this to be of assistance to the original poster, but for anyone else looking for something similar I would recommend having a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterprisetester.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enterprise Tester&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Disclosure:&lt;/strong&gt; I work for the company that develop it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very flexible and offers the structure and re-use requested above. You can grab a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enterprisetester.com/try&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;free 30-day trial&lt;/a&gt; of Enterprise Tester from our site or get started with a $10 license. We also offer free Open Source / Charity licenses for those that qualify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4328" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T03:17:54.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5097" CreationDate="2012-11-02T09:27:40.357" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two obvious steps that you seem to have missed out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform the tests.  Much may be done auto-magically, but manual testing is still a key aspect at integration and system test levels.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report the results.  Whilst automated tests may generate a results file, you'll need to interpret and present the results in a format that is appropriate to the audience.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with Developer roles, Testing roles will be about documentation... lots of it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4326" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T09:27:40.357" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5117" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5126" CreationDate="2012-11-02T10:24:05.207" Score="7" ViewCount="10145" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traceability_matrix&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traceability matrix&lt;/a&gt; the links between requirements and tests can help answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which requirements is almost never tested, and which is tested extremely often?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will a change to a particular requirement cause revisions to a huge number of tests in the system?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In agile there are no requirements but stories, so traceability matrix does not exist in traditional sense. Well, stories describe requirements but when you complete story, you close it and then you close an iteration and forget about that story. It is done, accepted, and closed. So maybe this is a reason, why in software we used for planning and tracking of iteration and tests there is &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5088/is-there-traceability-matrix-support-in-versionone&quot;&gt;no such matrix&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or maybe my guess is wrong. I'm curious whether you use kind of traceability matrix (linking stories/epics with tests)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One place I would see it useful, is when you get additional budget/iteration to verify your epic better and you want to decide which stories require additional testing...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T05:51:23.637" Title="Is there traceability matrix in agile?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5118" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5119" CreationDate="2012-11-02T12:07:55.927" Score="3" ViewCount="8726" Body="&lt;p&gt;So we have the following type of a URL:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.myurl.com/mypage.aspx?suid=145db467-907e-4e3d-b944-c1666f9d08d6&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This suid query string is generated dynamically and is unique to the specific process the user is going through at that point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get my web performance test in Visual Studio 2010 to pick up on the first instance of it and pass it through to future URL's in the current test's context? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4248" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T12:19:08.013" LastActivityDate="2012-11-05T10:37:54.697" Title="Passing a dynamically created query string between requests in web tests?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5118" CreationDate="2012-11-02T13:00:17.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a couple of ways that you could do this.  The easiest would be to create a variable that the value goes into when you first get it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because there's bound to be (and have been) cases where they need to be separated out a bit more, I typically write the value into an xml file that is used as a data source in the tests that will use this value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's the possibility of taking a little bit of a hit on the performance of your tests, but, from my experience, it's ended up being negligible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Resolution ##&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;edited by @anicho&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Create a querystring parameter under the request for the relevant querystring, in our case its &quot;suid&quot;. Give it a context parameter value ours would be {{suid}}.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Next you need to create a custom extraction class, you can follow &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms243179%28v=vs.100%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;this guide&quot;&gt;enter link description here&lt;/a&gt; to create an extraction class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) To caputre the query string use the code I have written below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.WebTesting;&#xA;using System.Globalization;&#xA;&#xA;namespace CustomExtractionRule&#xA;{&#xA;    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;    // This class creates a custom extraction rule named &quot;Custom Extract Input&quot;&#xA;    // The user of the rule specifies the name of an input field, and the&#xA;    // rule attempts to extract the value of that input field.&#xA;    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;    public class SuidExtraction : ExtractionRule&#xA;    {&#xA;        /// Specify a name for use in the user interface.&#xA;        /// The user sees this name in the Add Extraction dialog box.&#xA;        //---------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;        public string DisplayNameAttribute&#xA;        {&#xA;            get { return &quot;SuidExtraction&quot;; }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        /// Specify a description for use in the user interface.&#xA;        /// The user sees this description in the Add Extraction dialog box.&#xA;        //---------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;        public string DescriptionAttribute&#xA;        {&#xA;            get { return &quot;Extracts the suid from query strings&quot;; }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // The queryname of the desired query string you wish to capture, when you add the custom extraction to a request you can set the following value to be what ever you like, it's like this so it can be reused over and over again.&#xA;        private string _queryNameValue;&#xA;        public string QueryName&#xA;        {&#xA;            get { return _queryNameValue; }&#xA;            set { _queryNameValue = value; }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // The Extract method.  The parameter e contains the web performance test context.&#xA;        //---------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;        public override void Extract(object sender, ExtractionEventArgs e)&#xA;        {&#xA;                if (e.Response.HtmlDocument != null)&#xA;                {&#xA;&#xA;                    foreach (QueryStringParameter item in e.Request.QueryStringParameters)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        if (item.Name.Equals(&quot;suid&quot;))&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            // add the extracted value to the web performance test context&#xA;                            e.WebTest.Context.Add(this.ContextParameterName, item.Value);&#xA;                            e.Success = true;&#xA;                            return;&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            // If the extraction fails, set the error text that the user sees&#xA;            e.Success = false;&#xA;            e.Message = String.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, &quot;Not Found: {0}&quot;, QueryName);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Once the code executes it picks up the query strings value and assigns it to a context parameter. The context parameter we ask our query string value to grab should be the same. As soon as the code sets it our query string picks it up and hey presto it should all be gravy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extra hint I need to use the same query string value in future requests within the same test so I set up a permenant context parameter so it can get picked up out side the one request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="4248" LastEditDate="2012-11-05T10:37:54.697" LastActivityDate="2012-11-05T10:37:54.697" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5120" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5121" CreationDate="2012-11-02T14:58:11.060" Score="2" ViewCount="1659" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that verification is QC (focused on products) but what about validation? I would say its QC too, as it does aim on the product workings, yet no source mentiones that. I am trying to understand, in QA/QC, where these activities belong to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T16:41:30.833" Title="If verification is quality control, what is a validation?" Tags="&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5120" CreationDate="2012-11-02T16:01:48.057" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we agree in principle that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;validation is regarded as &quot;building the right software,&quot; and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verification is &quot;building the software right,&quot; and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QC is quality control helps identify defects in the product via testing, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA is quality assurance intended to help prevent defects in the product through process management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then, one position is that both validation and verification are aspects of quality control, although someone could also argue that validating we are building the right product is an aspect of quality assurance because we are driving 'quality' upstream.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my view modern software testing requires being involved in both validation and verification and the role also entails aspects of QC and QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While it may be important to understand these differences conceptually I question the value in slicing and dicing these roles and/or tasks in practice unless the company revolves around a rigid set of rules carried out by process droids, or someone wants/needs to pigeon hole labels in artificial silos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T16:01:48.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5122" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5128" CreationDate="2012-11-02T16:36:04.267" Score="2" ViewCount="1650" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working on my master thesis, today I found this site (I previously asked on programmers) so I hope you will not mind if I ask here to get more great answers.&#xA;The thing is that I have to classify testing into validation or verification but the standards differ greatly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISO/IEC 12207: All testing is validation (unit, integration..just all)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CMMI: Verification methods are testing, analysis. The same for validation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IEEE 1012: Validation and verification reffered as V&amp;amp;V for all activites, thus no discinction.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IEEE states just this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The validation process provides supporting evidence that the software&#xA;  satisfies system requirements allocated&#xA;      to software, and solves the right problem (e.g., correctly models physical laws, or implements system&#xA;      business rules).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is IMHO absolutely different than ISO, which lists testing as activity to make sure that requirements for intended use are fulfilled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CMMi verification: load, stress, functional...testing (exactly what ISO mentioned to be validation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When asking the famous questions, &quot;Do I build it right&quot; and &quot;Did I build the right thing&quot;, it is not helpful from testing point of view.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;E.g. How can unit testing or testing specific requirement be a validation? (according to ISO) I would say I am verifying particular requirement against specification, yet ISO consider all testing to be a validation.&#xA;I emphasize that this is about theory, I know that in practice we do not care much whether its validation or verification, yet I would need to present some unified view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:49:43.513" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:49:43.513" Title="Validation and verification in CMMi, ISO, IEEE. What should I refer to?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2012-11-02T16:52:32.457" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never seen such a matrix and never heard of it before :-(.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Which requirements is almost never tested, and which is tested extremely often?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can be achived by agile/technical means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Behavior driven development bdd&lt;/a&gt; as automated test for a userstory to verify that it is complete and still working.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are code coverage tools that show which production code is (not) touched by the tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I don't know how to answer your second question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Will a change to a particular requirement cause revisions to a huge number &#xA;  of tests in the system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-02T17:10:43.377" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T17:10:43.377" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5122" CreationDate="2012-11-02T17:08:29.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Testing&quot;, &quot;validation&quot;, and &quot;verification&quot; are just words that people attach to different kinds of practices.  Some of those practices focus more on &quot;Did I build it right&quot;; others focus more on &quot;Did I build the right thing.&quot;  You can name and group those practices in different ways depending on what you are trying to accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be clear about the terms you use, as you would in a scholarly work, you should decide upon the concepts you want to use and then attach words to those concepts.  The particular words on not important as long as they are defensible.  For example, I would not use the word &quot;design&quot; to collectively describe unit testing and integration testing because people are accustomed to &quot;design&quot; meaning something very different, but I could probably get away with calling both of those &quot;verification&quot; as long as I defined the term beforehand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T17:08:29.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5097" CreationDate="2012-11-02T18:13:19.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion the tester should be a more active role with these aditional responsibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note: this idea is not state of the art but a vision)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyzing the Requirements from the client. When the requirements are written down make shure that the requierements are &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMART_criteria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;smart&lt;/a&gt; and automatic testable by using &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bdd-style&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Gherkin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gherkin-style&lt;/a&gt; language. These smart requirements should become part of the contract between develpment and customer. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design/Architecture: Make shure that the software is easy testable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allaboutagile.com/agile-principle-7-done-means-done/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;defintion of done&lt;/a&gt; is obeyed of every released feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T18:13:19.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2012-11-02T19:58:09.240" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tracebility matrix is a tool. It doesn't have any inheritent value, but it might be easiest way of mapping certain kind of relations between tests and requirements. As with any other tool, if it seems to work well, use it. If something else fits better, use that. If the tool nearly fits your need, modify it to give what information you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If testing is done long after implementation, some kind of tracking is probably needed to make sure that everything relevant is covered and things are what they are supposed to be. However, if they are tested when they are implemented, it's much easier to make sure that they match the intended. Automating tests that try to make sure that features work also long after should replace the need for tracking the requirement/test linkage manually as they are tested all the time. And in the best case even a large number of broken tests is fixed quite easily by changing things in one place, if DRY principle (don't repeat yourself) is followed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T19:58:09.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5105" CreationDate="2012-11-02T19:58:09.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium does function across both of those platforms using different drivers.  But only for browser functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Android, there is support for a native automation using a tool very similar to Selenium, called Robotium: &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;  They have some decent tutorials, example code and .apks and more there.  It does take more foresight during development and doesn't really sit &quot;on top of the AUT&quot; like Selenium can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also the built in &quot;Automation&quot; tool within X-Code that will run code from Instruments directly against the device or emulator, but I have little experience with it to steer you toward or away from it. &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/InstrumentsUserGuide/UsingtheAutomationInstrument/UsingtheAutomationInstrument.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40004652-CH20-SW1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2012-11-02T19:58:09.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5122" CreationDate="2012-11-02T20:06:20.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At risk of rehashing previous threads, &lt;strong&gt;verification&lt;/strong&gt; (according to ISO12207) is ensuring the correct processes and standards are followed and that all requirements are traceable though the lifecycle, not the testing of actual requirements.  Testing is a validation activity - you are validating the code against the requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day, your customer (via the contract or their specification) or your in house standards will define which you follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in the case of your thesis, YOU decide, and justify it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the great thing about Standards - there are so many to choose from!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside, the IEEE have fully adopted ISO/IEC 12207, and they are harmonising their standards with that Process Model (as are BSI in the UK) so I would expect the next iteration of IEEE 1012 to be more discerning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regarding the line between V and V, and where testing fits.  ISO12207 7.2.5.3.2 is the required paragraph, which details (and uses the word) &lt;strong&gt;Testing&lt;/strong&gt; - in effect (within ISO12207) Testing is synonymous with Validation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4326" LastEditorUserId="4326" LastEditDate="2012-11-04T07:06:01.370" LastActivityDate="2012-11-04T07:06:01.370" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5122" CreationDate="2012-11-02T20:21:47.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As user246 said, tell how you are going to use the terms and then use them that way. You have noticed that they are not well defined and even in standards there are contradictory definitions. Just tell which of those you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When asking the famous questions, &quot;Do I build it right&quot; and &quot;Did I build &#xA;  the right thing&quot;, it is not helpful from testing point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I disagree with that. This is the most sensible way of separating verification and validation I have heard. From testing point of view this would mean the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verification:&lt;/strong&gt; Checking are the components of the program working correctly.&#xA;              Do the fields verify input, are dates handled correctly, &#xA;              are objects saved to the database, can we install it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation:&lt;/strong&gt;   Asking can the user solve her problem with the software. &#xA;              Is it possible to enter all the data needed and reference &#xA;              it late, have we forgotten some essential part of the process,&#xA;              is the workflow logical, is it giving the value?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it is not necessary to do this kind of distinction and often these things are tested at the same time. However, it might be a good mental model to have so that you don't forget one or the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-06T07:18:15.017" LastActivityDate="2013-01-06T07:18:15.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2704" CreationDate="2012-11-03T16:40:30.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This happens because FirefoxDriver &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=4044&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;does not support execution of Flex applications.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-03T22:35:00.897" LastActivityDate="2012-11-03T22:35:00.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5131" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5133" CreationDate="2012-11-04T10:01:32.983" Score="16" ViewCount="36391" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked this question during an interview. My thoughts are SIT is performed on a complete systems and System Testing can be done on a single module as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4335" LastEditorUserId="7154" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T13:03:43.890" LastActivityDate="2020-08-06T17:00:14.003" Title="How does system testing differ from System Integration Testing (SIT)?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5131" CreationDate="2012-11-04T10:34:18.880" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my vocabulary system testing would be testing one complete product  ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&lt;/a&gt; ) and system integration testing would be testing combination of products ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_integration_testing&lt;/a&gt; ). As always, it's good to make sure others are using terms in the same way and in an interview point out that you know about the ambiguity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastEditorUserId="2338" LastEditDate="2012-11-04T12:14:48.870" LastActivityDate="2012-11-04T12:14:48.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5131" CreationDate="2012-11-04T10:37:53.950" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Systems testing is often performed against the whole platform, and treats the environment as a black box. system integration testing however, acts upon a subset of the whole system, and may mock other platforms, interact with databases, network sockets etc to evoke appropriate responses from the parts being validated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The objectives of system testing is to validate the public exposed interfaces of the platform, by behaving as an end user, with no privileged access to internal systems. Integration verification attempts to verify that seperate systems operate well together before they're used in the whole system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2012-11-04T10:37:53.950" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5131" CreationDate="2012-11-05T07:42:40.087" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your comment you asked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say we have a system C which is combination of A and B (A + B = C). Now i can check perform Integration tests for A, Integration tests for B. After this i need to perform System tests on C which is the result(whole system). Where exactly will SIT come in here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In testing C, but I believe you won't learn much from short answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The long answer is the following. You have a system of systems here. You may perform tests at the same level (single system, system of systems), but at each level you may want to focus on different risks (integration problems, whole functionality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's say you're developing a system A (e.g., online shop) that interacts with external (i.e., not under your control) system B (e.g., PayPal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing whole system A you may verify whether it does what is was requested to, e.g., you are able to select and order a product (system A tests). You may also focus on integration problems here, e.g., because system A integrates backend with frontend (UI). For instance, how frontend behaves when backend is down or backend response is delayed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing A integrated with B you may focus on different problems. You may verify whether after ordering a product money were transferred from your PayPal account to shop account (functionality). This is system C tests. You may also check what will happen when your online shop does not pass (optional) description in payment request to PayPal (more about integration). I would call this system C integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may always consult &lt;a href=&quot;https://glossary.istqb.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB glossary&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/16/15.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Syllabus&lt;/a&gt; if you need clear definitions. Practice is, however, more interesting. You combine multiple dimensions of testing: &lt;em&gt;level&lt;/em&gt; (subsystem, system, system of the systems) and &lt;em&gt;risk focus&lt;/em&gt; (functionality, integration problems, etc.). And often the boundary between what you test is not so clear. For instance, when you test your online shop functionality, at the same time you are also making sure that backend and frontend has been integrated correctly. The book &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; explains nicely about this combination of testing dimensions in &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Lesson 48: Testing combines techniques that focus on testers, coverage, potential problems, activities, and evaluation&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To learn more about what risks integration tests focus on, see another &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2599/what-is-really-tested-in-an-integration-test&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-08-06T17:00:14.003" LastActivityDate="2020-08-06T17:00:14.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2012-11-05T17:05:28.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered Telerik Test Studio for iOS? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/ios-testing.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/ios-testing.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2012-11-05T17:05:28.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3659" CreationDate="2012-11-05T17:17:06.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The above doesn't look like what you intend to do, you are sending an ENTER keystroke to the logout element, waiting for 0.5 seconds (no need to wrap that in a try / catch as the sleep should not fail to execute), then you are moving the mouse to the element and then trying to click it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only one of the above should be necessary if this is a normal button or link, and it should be possible by simply calling click().&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let us know what exception is thrown if you call:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = ((WrapsDriver) selenium)&#xA;  .getWrappedDriver().findElement(By.xpath(LOGOUT_XPATH));&#xA;element.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If an ElementNotVisible exception is thrown, or more than one element was found, you may be trying to interact with a hidden element, so make sure this is the only logout element matching your XPath, and that this one is visible - the Firefox plugin 'XPath Checker' is very useful for writing and checking XPaths in real time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be useful to write some debug information to the console if you are still stuck. If element.Displayed is false, WebDriver will not be able to click it, so you know you are trying to click the wrong element if you can see it at the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2012-11-05T17:17:06.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5045" CreationDate="2012-11-05T17:33:17.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered using a free (or paid depending on your circumstances) &lt;a href=&quot;http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Amazon EC2&lt;/a&gt; account?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-06T21:17:51.973" LastActivityDate="2012-11-06T21:17:51.973" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5139" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-05T23:09:17.173" Score="3" ViewCount="481" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe someone can tell me how this is actually supposed to work in TFS. We had it setup so that we would only retain the last four successful builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Test Manager you put in a build you want to test against. So now all those test runs are tied to the build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We changed the build retention policy to keep Test Results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But whenever the build is removed all the Test Runs are deleted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That seems to be something you really don't want to do??? Am I wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wasn't sure if this was the correct place for this or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4340" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T12:06:16.417" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T12:06:16.417" Title="Test Runs removed from deleted builds TFS" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5142" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5154" CreationDate="2012-11-06T19:45:37.697" Score="5" ViewCount="411" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider a modern web application that serves JSON through a REST API to a rich Javascript-based application with one or more single-page apps within it. Our own application is written using Angular JS but the framework is irrelevant to a large extent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are the following components where problems can occur:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Server-side&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database access (including configuration, reference data and data that always needs to be there such as an admin account)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;REST API (business logic, configuration, routing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Service bus implementation, which the API uses to serve the requests (components, workflows, configuration)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Client-side&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View Models (state and UI interactions such as dialogs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some HTML rendering&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Routing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much testing is sufficient? Meaning, what's the minimum effort required to test reliability?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it best practice to simply do integration/end-to-end testing (deploy the whole application to a real server with a real database and some sample data) and test all possible scenarios by checking UI-level responses? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4346" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-06T20:01:46.303" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T17:23:14.237" Title="Where to focus testing? On integration level or unit level?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5142" CreationDate="2012-11-06T20:19:44.480" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How much testing is sufficient? Meaning, what's the minimum effort required to test reliability?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When looking at the question of &quot;how much testing?&quot; you have to consider &quot;how lucky do you feel?&quot;  You could do no testing at all if you feel really lucky, or if the consequences to being wrong are extremely low. You could test everything for a really long time if you aren't feeling lucky, or if the consequences to being wrong are not low.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your answer might be different if you are building a company blog rather than an air traffic control system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a one-off isolated application, where the layers/components aren't (and won't be) used by any other apps? How many of the layers/components are new (and thus perhaps deserve more attention)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a reason why you wouldn't test each component individually in addition to integration testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have budget and/or schedule limits that you must meet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it best practice to simply do integration/end-to-end testing (deploy the whole application to a real server with a real database and some sample data) and test all possible scenarios by checking UI-level responses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That may not be &lt;em&gt;best&lt;/em&gt; for you. It usually wouldn't be &lt;em&gt;best&lt;/em&gt; for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-11-06T20:19:44.480" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5142" CreationDate="2012-11-06T23:08:39.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think unit tests are inevitable.  And unless your application is a standalone and no other applications are using it, integration test is also inevitable.  The question you should really ask is how deep?  Do you think it is necessary to provide 90+% unit test coverage?  Do you need to provide close to complete coverage for endpoints?  That will always be a &quot;depends&quot; answer, and I think Joe has covered it very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T17:30:03.610" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T17:30:03.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5145" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-07T08:58:53.590" Score="2" ViewCount="1586" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question might be off-topic and/or Subjective but I am asking this question&#xA;because I could not fine any suitable answers via Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a Manual tester with knowledge of Java, SQL Server.&#xA;Recently i got an opportunity to work in performance testing (HP LoadRunner).&#xA;However there are not much resources around to learn loadrunner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am supposed to work alone and i couldn't find good tutorials on LoadRunner.&#xA;I read HP's tutorial but i don’t know what to do after that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will appreciate your advice on learning performance testing and LoadRunner.&#xA;If Possible please provide links to usable Books, sites and quizzes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4348" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T20:58:17.037" Title="Learning resources for Performance Testing and LoadRunner" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5145" CreationDate="2012-11-07T09:32:09.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am also new to performance testing. However, I am using Jmeter instead of LoadRunner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But i learnt basics of LoadRunner from guru99 website and few more videos on youtube. I know manual guides are quite boring. But first, you have to identify websites were you can play and then prepare few scenarios. It will help to learn LoadRunner step by step. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will share links as i find more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4349" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T09:32:09.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5147" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-07T12:21:25.967" Score="7" ViewCount="282" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;http://imaginea.github.com/bot-bot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bot-Bot&lt;/a&gt;, Android automation testing tool with record and replay features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to start a server, record and play sample &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APK_%28file_format%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;APK&lt;/a&gt; accompanied by a bot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I need to test &lt;em&gt;my own&lt;/em&gt; APK, so I did the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put the &lt;code&gt;MyAndroid.apk&lt;/code&gt; in the root folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Added the following to default properties&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;APP_PACKAGE= com.mkyong.android   &#xA;DEFAULT_ACTIVITY=GridViewActivity&#xA;FRAMEWORK=robotium&#xA;&#xA;TESTCASE_FOLDER=MyAndroidApp&#xA;TEST_APK_FILENAME=MyAndroidApp.apk&#xA;ANDROID_VERSION=android-16&#xA;&#xA;key.store=C:/Users/pramod.kumar/.android/debug.keystore&#xA;key.store.password=android&#xA;key.alias=androiddebugkey&#xA;key.alias.password=android&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Executed ant recorder command.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did some actions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all that, I found that no session is being built on the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2018-04-04T05:50:56.400" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T05:50:56.400" Title="Why session is not created in Bot-Bot?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-04-26T17:47:14.713" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5145" CreationDate="2012-11-07T12:52:49.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For learning about performance testing, browse around Scott Barbers site - this page is a great lst of articles and a free PDF - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perftestplus.com/pubs.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T12:52:49.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3259" CreationDate="2012-11-07T13:19:29.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use ignore list and here are what I added according to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All the log files and folders&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*.~tc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*.tcLS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*.tcCfgExtender&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visualizer folder and its files &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;*.bak&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4354" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T13:19:29.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5098" CreationDate="2012-11-07T13:47:29.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;if you use Quality Center 10, you can use the Excel report in the Dashboard to get your information. The following query will give you the count of test instance in the TestLab. Thus 0 means the test case in TestPlan is not linked to any test instance/TestSet in TestLab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT &#xA;  tb1.ts_name as &quot;TestCase Name&quot; &#xA;, count(tb3.cy_cycle) as &quot;CountInstance&quot; &#xA;FROM TEST tb1&#xA;,TESTCYCL tb2 &#xA;,CYCLE tb3&#xA;where tb1.ts_test_id = tb2.tc_test_id(+) &#xA;and tb2.tc_cycle_id = tb3.cy_cycle_id(+)&#xA;group by ts_name&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you have to link tables Test (TestPlan), TestCycl (TestInstance) and Cycle (TestSet). You cannot link TestPlan directly to TestSet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4350" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-07T16:12:55.617" LastActivityDate="2012-11-07T16:12:55.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5122" CreationDate="2012-11-08T12:25:38.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did I build it right (verification) and did we build the right thing (validation) is the best way to explain the difference to our new (and mature) engineers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that validation happens over the entire lifecycle. Acceptance Testing (verification) also contributes to the validation of the product. Once a product is accepted or bought off as meeting the customer and derived requirements in accordance with the agreed to test procedure then the product ownership becomes that of the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our business, the customer then performs Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&amp;amp;E) on the system before fleet fitment....this is purely validation at this point to see if it will do the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4357" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T15:21:58.420" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T15:21:58.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5122" CreationDate="2012-11-08T15:51:27.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple difference in both Validation and Verification is:&#xA;Validation is to check &quot;did we build the right thing&quot; or to check the expected results. Validation goes throughout the product lifecycle at different statges; from requirement to design to CAT(customer acceptance testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verification is Validation of Validation. To find out whether something going wrong in processes being followed during lifecycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4358" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T15:51:27.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5142" CreationDate="2012-11-08T16:46:15.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it best practice to simply do integration/end-to-end testing&#xA;  (deploy the whole application to a real server with a real database&#xA;  and some sample data) and test all possible scenarios by checking&#xA;  UI-level responses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we talk about the relative merits of test strategies, it is usually better to discuss specifics than generalities.  Your definition of &lt;em&gt;integration&lt;/em&gt; test may differ from mine, both at a high level and in the specifics.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find that it is hard to test &lt;em&gt;all possible scenarios&lt;/em&gt; using any one technique.  I am not just being pedantic here; some scenarios require a lot less effort to check with an API-oriented unit test than with a test that goes through the UI.  Tests blur the line between &quot;did I build it the right way?&quot; and &quot;did I build the right thing?&quot; may be better accomplished -- or only possible -- by testing with the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way of thinking about this is in terms of short term vs. long term reliability.  We tend to think of an application as a single unit built for a purpose, but of course it is really an aggregation of components that, when used in a certain way, serves a particular purpose.  It is possible that each of those components is designed to do no more and no less than is required for that application.  In practice, though, the component may have other behaviors that are not exercised by the application because they are not currently needed.  If you only test at the UI level, you at most guarantee that the components behave correctly when used by the application as it exists now.  As soon as the application uses a component in a different way, the component may break.  Unit testing gives you an opportunity to find those problems early on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To put it another way, UI testing does not necessarily cover all code paths.  Some code paths are only accessible via unit tests.  You should test those too because while they may be unnecessary to today's application, next month's application may need them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-08T19:04:14.513" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T19:04:14.513" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2012-11-08T17:28:12.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a new Native/Hybrid iOS app testing framework called &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/hugs/appium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; on GitHub which was announced at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mobiletestsummit.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mobile Testing Summit&lt;/a&gt; last week. Obviously, due to its young age you may not be willing to take it up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Appium Git page has this to say about it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium is a test automation tool for use with native and hybrid iOS applications. It uses the webdriver JSON wire protocol to drive Apple's UIAutomation. Appium is based on Dan Cuellar's work on iOS Auto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium uses the Bottle micro web-framework, and has the goal of working with all off the shelf Selenium client libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two big benefits to testing with Appium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1: Appium uses Apple's UIAutomation library under the hood to perform the automation, which means you do not have to recompile your app or modify in any way to be able to test automate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2: With Appium, you are able to write your test in your choice of programming language, using the Selenium WebDriver API and language-specific client libraries. If you only used UIAutomation, you would be required to write tests in JavaScript, and only run the tests through the Instruments application. With Appium, you can test your native iOS app with any language, and with your preferred dev tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-11-08T17:28:12.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5156" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-09T16:52:23.720" Score="4" ViewCount="4910" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am an ISTQB Foundation Certified Tester and am looking at attaining either the Certified Agile Tester (CAT) certification or the ISTQB Intermediate Certificate to add to my skills and experience to try and take me to the next level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from the obvious route of Tester to Senior Tester to Test Manager, are there any other options for the testing career?  Which qualification is worth having?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4363" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-09T21:10:47.550" LastActivityDate="2012-11-21T06:00:08.010" Title="What options are available in the career path of a tester?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5156" CreationDate="2012-11-09T17:14:23.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The conversation about certification is a totally another topic, and I would leave it out of here.  Certifications won't play a major or an important role in your career path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Options are many, but mainly I would divide into management track and technology track.  I have worked with CEO who was formerly a QA Engineer, attained his MBA and advanced to becoming a CEO.  I have also worked with CTO, VP of Engineering, Director of Technology, etc. who have been QA in early part of their career.  With 'Quality' in the title, Director of Quality Engineering/Assurance would be an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, each of these will require good people and management skills and extremely good knowledge and understanding of the business and subject matter expertise.  If you develop good programming skills and understanding of the technology, you are as good a candidate for high level technology position as anyone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to read various opinions about certifications, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1055/do-istqb-iseb-testing-certificates-prove-someone-can-test&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; thread may help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T17:14:23.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5156" CreationDate="2012-11-09T17:29:36.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you like management ? If not, then the career path us not obvious...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can become a consultant, a specialist - or stay as a tester. That's what I am, I've done test management and consultancy but being a great tester is my chosen career path at the moment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T17:29:36.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5156" CreationDate="2012-11-09T21:24:17.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer will depend on your current employer, what industry they're in, how hard you are willing to work, how flexible you are, and where you live.  While testing can be an interesting and rewarding job, there is only so far you can go as a tester.  However, you can use what you learn as a tester to move into another kind of job in the same industry, e.g. product development, marketing, sales, or training.  Another option would be to strike out on your own providing specialized testing tools or training.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It helps to be curious about what is going around you: not just about your job, but about the jobs of the people you interact with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing is for sure, though: I would not recommend a job in the razor business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-09T22:18:55.730" LastActivityDate="2012-11-09T22:18:55.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5156" CreationDate="2012-11-10T00:03:18.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;The answer to any sufficiently complex question is, It Depends&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, I think it depends on where you work. Where I work (msft), I don't manage people, but I am at a fairly high &quot;level&quot; within the organization. I choose not to manage people because it allows me to do more of the work that I enjoy doing. I've never been a consultant, but I'm told my role within the org is similar to a consultant, so I could &lt;em&gt;imagine&lt;/em&gt; that consultant could be another path for non-managers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as certifications go, I have none. I've heard that sometimes they help, but I've never needed them in my career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastEditorUserId="72" LastEditDate="2012-11-20T19:29:10.583" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T19:29:10.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5156" CreationDate="2012-11-11T07:44:35.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Suchit, certifications and career advancement are very different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The majority of Testing Managers I've worked for or with have had very little testing experience but were promoted for one reason or another. Some companies may prefer to hire professional managers (MBAs) for certain jobs while other companies would rather promote someone with technical abilities - e.g. a Software Tester, Developer, etc.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can look at your own organization for career advancement advice, for example what is the highest role someone with the title of Test Engineer or QA have? Do they have directors of QA? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite of the few BIG names in software testing have varied backgrounds. Some are consultants that work with individual firms on projects (have their own consultancies), some train other testers, some work as testers or Directors for big Companies (eBay, Microsoft, Google, etc.). Cem Kaner is a Florida Institute of Technology professor and a consultant in his spare time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It all depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T07:44:35.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5142" CreationDate="2012-11-11T17:23:14.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another way to look at it is &quot;What is most likely to be dangerously broken by changes?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So while &quot;Database access (including configuration, reference data and data that always needs to be there such as an admin account)&quot; might take down the Web site, it would be immediately obvious, and simple website monitoring (which you should have anyway) would notify you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you might have business logic that, if it was incorrect, could cost your company significant amounts of money (calculating quotes perhaps?) and might go unnoticed for some time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you could do a cost benefit analysis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2012-11-11T17:23:14.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5092" CreationDate="2012-11-12T07:48:28.210" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.my-debugbar.com/wiki/IETester/HomePage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IEtester&lt;/a&gt;? I have had success using it and it did not present any particular problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4371" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T11:10:01.887" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T11:10:01.887" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5175" CreationDate="2012-11-12T11:09:31.487" Score="6" ViewCount="1547" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder if anyone have experience of a tool for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Session-based_testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;session-based testing&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays we use SharePoint lists where we can write down our session plus other relevant info about the session (requirement, environment, time spent etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be able to find specific sessions we use tags that are &lt;em&gt;searchable&lt;/em&gt;. The problem is that our field for the session itself isn't searchable. We've noticed that when we wanted to read old sessions, I mean when we tested specific features/corner cases that we tag very seldom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We thought of trying using different text editors since the entire text then is searchable, but we realized that then the sessions wasn't really readable. We use colors and titles so we need a word processor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the tool should preferably be between free and cheap :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T18:03:31.970" LastActivityDate="2012-11-26T08:43:49.603" Title="Documentation tool in Session-Based Test Management (SBTM)?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;sbtm&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5092" CreationDate="2012-11-12T12:15:13.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nope. Compatibility mode is not 100% Trustable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also faced problems with IE simulators/virtual images. I have tried :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IE Tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser Stack&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IE Compatibility Mode&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Virtual Box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But all have some flaws. Recent issue i faced with Browser stack was that it was not showing table background color.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, the best solution I find is to execute the flow at original browser only. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to switch Laptop's or PC's but this is the only way to get 100% assurance as compare to IE software/images.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4349" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T12:15:13.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5169" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5173" CreationDate="2012-11-12T12:20:50.497" Score="2" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;In one of our portals, I am testing one page which prompts user to upload his/her documents required for verification. However, I am able to upload batch or executable files which is incorrect I believe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, our BA's has approved this thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide your comments/feedback on this bug as I believe it is vulnerable thing for our portal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4349" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T15:58:07.047" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T10:50:46.487" Title="How to convince BA that her software requirement may cause problems?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5169" CreationDate="2012-11-12T14:03:42.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Allowing .bat and .exe files to be uploaded is a serious security risk.  I certainly don't know what your architecture is, but in general allowing executable files to be uploaded by a user is an open door for malicious attacks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T14:03:42.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5171" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-12T14:35:14.437" Score="3" ViewCount="1258" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written Java automation scripts using Selenium WebDriver in Eclipse.&#xA;I uploaded everything to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GitHub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How can my manager/colleague execute these scripts in his or her machine? Currently I am only executing these from my local machine. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there any method to execute it from GitHub?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4372" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T17:12:58.857" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T05:16:41.647" Title="How to share my test scripts with other stakeholders?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5171" CreationDate="2012-11-12T14:49:44.030" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can my manager/colleague execute these scripts in his or her machine? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see two approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They can check-out project (clone repository in Git nomenclature) to their local machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may create a build/zip with your test scripts and share it via Nexus, Artifactory or any other artifacts repository you use for sharing components/libraries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it may be time-consuming for them to download and setup necessary environment on their machines. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you want your colleagues to see test results you may consider using any &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; (CI) server, e.g., Jenkins, Hudson, TeamCity. Each of them takes test scripts from Version Control System (GitHub in your case) and execute them on designated machines. Stakeholders can see test statistics online. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If setting up the whole infrastructure for CI is prohibitively expensive (in terms of time) to you, you may consider deploying your test scripts on a shared machine or prepare &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VM&lt;/a&gt; with test scripts that your colleagues can download and run.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any method to execute it from GitHub?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think so. GitHub does not serve for remote script execution. It hosts Version Control System (VCS), so it serves for revision versioning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-29T05:16:41.647" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T05:16:41.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5169" CreationDate="2012-11-12T14:53:24.093" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do your functional requirements indicate what types of files are permitted to be uploaded, and what types are not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have formal security requirements? Or is it just your sense that uploading executables or batch files is a bad thing to allow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your BA approved this. Did she say why it should be permitted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happens in your portal when an executable is uploaded? What is involved with this &quot;for verification&quot; step?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In some contexts, uploading executable files would be a bad thing. In some environments (a file sharing site perhaps) it might be essential. Understanding the context in which you are testing should be an early step in your testing of this feature.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T14:53:24.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5169" CreationDate="2012-11-12T15:32:39.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most likely your BA is not aware of the security risks. Inform her and see if she really wants to approve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what do your requirements state? In my experience those are often weak and only state something like &quot;It should be possible to upload documents&quot; without mentioning what should not be uploadable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T21:25:48.640" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T21:25:48.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5167" CreationDate="2012-11-12T15:56:38.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not saying that it's cheap, but, tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://office.microsoft.com/en-ca/onenote/&quot;&gt;OneNote&lt;/a&gt; tend to fill this void very well.  We use a notebook for each application.  For projects, we use Tabs/Sections for Modules/areas, and for operational type changes, we use a new section for each Release.  Each session takes up 1 page.  These get stored on either a sharepoint or in a shared folder that we all have access to.  Anything can be easily tagged, and searching is simple as well.  If you're willing to store your data in the cloud, there is a web version, although in my own opinion, no where near as useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other applications, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://evernote.com/&quot;&gt;Evernote&lt;/a&gt; can also do the similar job, and are free.  Again however, you aren't storing the data on premise anymore, if that's not a problem for you (deal breaker in my organization).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T15:56:38.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5176" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-12T16:02:56.833" Score="4" ViewCount="534" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the current &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.automatedtestinginstitute.com/home/ASTMagazine/2012/AutomatedSoftwareTestingMagazine_November2012.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Automated Software Testing&quot; magazine&lt;/a&gt; there is a short article about &lt;a href=&quot;http://icutest.com/icu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IcuTest&lt;/a&gt;. It is written that with &quot;Test Generator&quot; you can automatically create GUI unit tests: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ICUTest is a free GUI Unit test tool for Windows Presentation&#xA;  Foundation. Test Generator, included with ICUTest,  is a tool that&#xA;  automatically creates GUI unit tests for an application. Just specify&#xA;  your assembly (executable or DLL) and Test Generator will  inspect&#xA;  your assembly for UI components and generate unit tests automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the benefit of such tests, what is tested? Is it a bitmap comparison that is recorded when you execute Test Generator for the first time and which wants to make sure the layout does not change? If yes, it could be a useful tool to see whenever some (unexpected) changes to the GUI were made. Am I right? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is anyone using this tool in production environment?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T17:13:36.140" LastActivityDate="2013-02-07T15:14:16.283" Title="What is tested by IcuTest?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5177" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2012-11-12T18:01:50.897" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T18:01:50.897" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T18:01:50.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5178" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2012-11-12T18:01:50.897" Score="0" Body="SBTM (Session-Based Test Management) is a test management framework - &quot;A method for measuring and managing exploratory testing&quot;. Also sometimes referred to as Session-Based Testing." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-11-12T18:01:50.897" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T18:01:50.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5167" CreationDate="2012-11-12T18:29:31.857" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use whatever you are comfortable with. I'd suggest starting with something basic for recording notes like Notepad++. The important thing is to be able to keep detailed notes about your session, to setup a session charter, etc. Once you've got some practice with it, you can see what works and what doesn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used &lt;a href=&quot;http://testing.gershon.info/reporter/&quot;&gt;Rapid Reporter&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://sessiontester.openqa.org/index.html&quot;&gt;Session Tester&lt;/a&gt; as dzieciou points out but they take some getting used to. I think Session Tester stores its output in XML files while Rapid Reporter creates files in CSV, RTF and image files (probably jpg).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was at a training event (Rapid Test Intensive) we were using Jira to store bugs and there were a couple of Atlassian guys there talking about their application &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atlassian.com/software/bonfire/overview&quot;&gt;Bonfire&lt;/a&gt;. They were using it for exploratory session based testing and apparently it works pretty well. It's relatively inexpensive if you don't need a lot of users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-11-12T18:29:31.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5180" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-13T05:45:07.023" Score="2" ViewCount="1491" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing my test cases in Windows7 with Ruby (v1.9.3-p194).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, note that I want to specify Firefox binary path when using RemoteWebDriver, not FirefoxDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the command line I used to start Selenium server 2.25.0:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;%JAVA_HOME%\bin\java&quot; -jar selenium-server-standalone.jar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is the Ruby code I used to initialize webdriver in my test suite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@capa = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.firefox&#xA;@capa[:firefox_binary] = &quot;D:\FirefoxStuff\FF13.0.1\firefox.exe&quot;&#xA;@remote_server_url = &quot;http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub&quot;&#xA;@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:remote, {:url =&amp;gt; @remote_server_url, :desired_capabilities =&amp;gt; @capa})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However when I execute the test case, an error says &#xA;&lt;code&gt;Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError: Cannot find firefox binary in PATH.&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;So, it's obvious my binary path specification is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know how to achieve that besides setting my PATH?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3134" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-13T18:52:49.737" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T13:09:17.617" Title="WebDriver Ruby binding: How to specify Firefox binary path in code?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5169" CreationDate="2012-11-13T07:37:21.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Context is everything... what is the nature of the site (public/private, and purpose) and the definition of &quot;executable&quot; is quite broad, and should extend beyond the obvious &lt;em&gt;bat&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;exe&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;com&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, most vulnerabilities in many common web-applications (e.g. WordPress, osCommerce, Joomla) are/were because folders were left write-enabled and/or file-upload was enabled, allowing dubious characters to upload their own PHP scripts for malicious purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your site is public facing, or even if private, I would suggest that uploading &lt;em&gt;executable&lt;/em&gt; files is questionable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In extremis&lt;/em&gt;, uploading and executing a simple PHP script (assuming Linux, but equally applicable to a DOS/Windows system) of &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?php system(&quot;rm -R ~/*&quot;); ?&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; might focus the mind...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4326" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-09-24T07:01:48.060" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T07:01:48.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1896" CreationDate="2012-11-13T10:47:21.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Project size should not be a factor to consider for skipping unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people here will hate me if I give you good reasons to not unit test. These are the only three I consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Time pressure and poor testing experience&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are running under time pressure and do not have good experience testing your software. Do not start now. On the long term testing your software is a huge productivity gain, but on the beginning you will work slower. Learn TDD when your deadline/job is not at stake&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usage frequency&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are working on something that you will only run a few times, delete later and a bug will not destroy your life, then it is OK not to write  unit tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maintenance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your tool does only ONE single thing and you are quite sure that you will never have to touch it again (hardly ever the case), then it is also OK not to do unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4373" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T10:47:21.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5183" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5184" CreationDate="2012-11-13T14:26:22.977" Score="2" ViewCount="13796" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am attempting to run the Selenium server for the first time on my machine and am receiving an error when running the jar, or when attempting to find the java version. Here is the error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\selenium-2.25.0&amp;gt; java -jar .\selenium-server-standalone-2.25.0.jar&#xA;Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: -agentlib:jvmhook&#xA;Picked up _JAVA_OPTIONS: -Xrunjvmhook -&amp;gt;&#xA;Xbootclasspath/a:C:\PROGRA~2\HP\QUICKT~1\bin\JAVA_S~1\classes;C:\PROGRA~2\HP\QUICKT~1\bin\JAVA_S~1\classes\jasmine.jar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error occurred during initialization of VM.&#xA;I could not find agent library jvmhook on the library path, with error: %1 is not a valid Win32 application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have both JDK6 and 7 installed. I installed 7 to see if that would fix it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have QTP on my machine as well. Could this be the reason for the issue? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-13T18:52:32.220" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T18:46:05.737" Title="Error upon starting Select server &quot;Could not find agent library JVMHOOK&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5183" CreationDate="2012-11-13T15:09:46.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I Googled for &quot;agentlib:jvmhook&quot;.  The first link &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnqtp.com/forums/Thread-Could-not-create-Java-virtual-machine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Could not create Java Virtual Machine&lt;/a&gt; suggests that your problem may be related to having installed QTP.  Someone in that forum said, &quot;There is a document from HP about how to fix your issue:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve...t/KM543247&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve...t/KM543247&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.  I am unable to access that link, but perhaps you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not believe you need to set &lt;code&gt;-agentlib:jvmhook&lt;/code&gt; in order to use Selenium.  You might try removing it from your &lt;code&gt;JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="7337" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T18:46:05.737" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T18:46:05.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2012-11-13T15:28:43.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yesterday I was looking for a tool to test iOS app (frontend of the app), I found &lt;strong&gt;MonkeyTalk&lt;/strong&gt; (you can see more here &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/book/about-monkeytalk-platform&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gorillalogic.com/book/about-monkeytalk-platform&lt;/a&gt;) and I can ensure that this is the tool that you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I spent two hours to set it up. The tool provide to create the TC based on what you did ( tap/scroll/and so on..) with the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3025" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T15:28:43.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5186" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-13T15:43:48.823" Score="-2" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in QA and I am looking for a simulator to test on a Mobile application for the Black Berry Bold and Curve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4377" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-11-13T17:24:31.177" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T17:24:31.177" Title="Which simulator I can use to do function testing for BB mobile application?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-10-03T11:21:47.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5186" CreationDate="2012-11-13T15:50:43.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;RIM's &lt;a href=&quot;http://us.blackberry.com/sites/developers/resources/simulators.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;website&lt;/a&gt; appears to have the simulator's that you would probably be looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For thorough testing however, if it's just these two particular devices, you will probably want to get the physical devices to test on as behavior can vary between simulators and the actual devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T15:50:43.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5156" CreationDate="2012-11-13T17:42:32.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got to give Developer In Test some love, since this is my chosen path.  If you like writing code and automation, you can steer your career in that direction and create tools and automation to support QA efforts.  I do this full time and am pretty much on par (pay and title) with other developers with similar skills and experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T17:42:32.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5189" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5192" CreationDate="2012-11-13T19:26:19.103" Score="10" ViewCount="501" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm QA with some programming experience, so I am able to debug and review the code of the system under test. I also often read the code to understand how to define request or what response should I expect if documentation is rudimentary (yea, I know system under test should not be treated as an expected result reference...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reporting &lt;em&gt;potential&lt;/em&gt; bugs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It happens that during such a review or debugging of some problem found during tests I find another bug. For instance, I find that parameters passed to the client stub are not forwarded in Web service request. From Web service documentation I conclude this may cause integration defect (for instance, it may change the semantics of the requests or cause service failure for a mandatory parameter). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I report this as a bug and describe the potential effect, but I have no time to implement a full test to provoke such failure. Still, developers keep asking me to specify steps to reproduce the bug and an actual effect and impact. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it fair to report a bug discovered during review without performing a test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reporting &lt;em&gt;API&lt;/em&gt; quality&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A subset of problems I find do not impact application behavior but refers to API quality. For instance, I find subsystem API with a superfluous parameter that is never used by the component but confuses both developers and testers using this API (&quot;what value should I put here?&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I report such problems in a bug tracking system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T11:08:07.143" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T12:08:50.217" Title="Is it fair to report a bug discovered during code review without performing a test?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;review&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5189" CreationDate="2012-11-13T19:38:32.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your explanation two things I can infer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code review shows parameters not handled / passed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No time to test it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Questions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I would challenge why you do not have time to test it. You can check for Free tools like SOAP UI which can help to test the methods directly without writing a single line of code&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Secondly reporting an issue without actually validating it is not the right practice in my opinion. I would strongly suggest reproducing an issue before filing a bug on it&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goodwill can help developer during Unit Testing, Code review sessions. A quality conscious developer would definitely consider your inputs during code review sessions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T11:10:08.947" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T11:10:08.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5189" CreationDate="2012-11-13T19:50:11.457" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should ask the developers and business owners rather than us. :-) Ask them how to handle these kinds of border cases. Do they want bug reports also on unclear things to remind them or do they want to talk about them first and decide case by case whether to file a bug? Remember it's your task to provide them information on what is or could be wrong, but in the end, it's their decision what to do with the information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One quite nice way of handling the API quality kind of issues is to have a separate category for things that should be improved, but won't be done just now. At least if someone at some point comes back and does something about them. If nothing is done, it's actually worse to have this kind of list than just bug/no bug decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T11:09:40.043" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T11:09:40.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5189" CreationDate="2012-11-13T20:09:02.937" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think fairness is the issue.  More important: Would a report be useful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the web service usage, the usefulness of your report depends partly on the scope of your review.  Given the code you reviewed, you have a concern.  But perhaps other code (outside the scope of your review) prevents the problematic scenarios you're concerned about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, at this point we don't know whether the problem is a problem, and we won't know until someone investigates further.  But everyone who could investigate is attending to other priorities.  This is a common issue with bug reports:  Who is responsible for investigating?  You want the developers to do it; they want you to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you're learning is that this bug report is not sufficient to inspire others to investigate.  At this point I'm inclined to invoke &lt;a href=&quot;http://cwd.dhemery.com/2003/04/the_responsibility_razor/&quot;&gt;The Responsibility Razor&lt;/a&gt;:  If I want something to happen, I'm responsible to make it happen.  You'll have to either investigate yourself, or do something more to persuade others to investigate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's possible that your investigation need not involve running a test.  Perhaps walking through the code with some specific values will suffice.  Whether this will be persuasive depends on the plausibility of the values you choose, and various people's assumptions about what the web service will do.  But I'd start there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have time even for that, that's a sign of how important this is for you.  So make your report, and let it go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the API, the usefulness of a bug report depends partly on the API's audience.  If the API is used only internally, and only by a relatively small group of people, I would leave it up to the internal users to decide whether it meets their needs, and to change it if they wish.  If the API is used by people outside your team, perhaps you can gather information about their use of the API.  If it causes trouble, it's a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-11-13T20:09:02.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5189" CreationDate="2012-11-13T22:23:45.120" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is fair to report bugs, no matter how you have detected them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find that the developers need the steps to reproduce the problem, in which case you may have to do more work before you can expect the bug to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bug found by reading the code is still a bug. (Unless it's not actually a bug because you misread the code, or didn't understand it - but that's a different issue.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the counter-argument - what if you don't report the bug you know to be there? What could be the consequences?&#xA;This is not exactly the same scenario, but gets to a similar point: &lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/non-reproducible-bugs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Non-reproducible Bugs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T12:08:50.217" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T12:08:50.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5194" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5195" CreationDate="2012-11-14T02:46:27.410" Score="16" ViewCount="2960" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard two guys from Microsoft and Google saying testers in those companies fix defects. Personally I think it is Ok and a better contribution than just creating a new bug ticket (at least in some cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really don't know if this is the forum where I have to ask this kind of opinions but I would like to know what you have to say about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4380" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-15T12:30:52.467" LastActivityDate="2013-10-11T04:01:18.810" Title="Should tester fix bugs?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5194" CreationDate="2012-11-14T03:15:21.320" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;If they have the knowledge to fix in, why not ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see where the bug should still be reported for those places that want traceability etc and presumably the tester will first write a failing test to demonstrate the bug...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T03:15:21.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5196" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5199" CreationDate="2012-11-14T04:12:41.173" Score="4" ViewCount="469" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of my tester friends say that one important part of quality assurance position is &quot;prevention&quot;. I´ve read a lot in the university about costs of quality and cost of poor quality and prevention but in my daily work I´ve never seen this activity performed by QA teams. I mean, there are a lot of tools and practices for development which help us to avoid some kind of problems as code reviews, static and dynamic code analysis, unit testing, and others but which are the most important &quot;prevention&quot; activities that QA guys should execute?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4380" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T12:29:59.230" Title="Which are the prevention activities that QA executes?" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5097" CreationDate="2012-11-14T04:39:32.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;INHO the testers' responsability is the sameone that all other roles' responsibility: to contribute as much as possible to the success of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, keep an eye on the ROI of every one of your activities. Keep a balance between the cost and benefit the project (and the whole team) will get for those activities. Keep aligned with the project and customer needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every time is harder to get a formal requirements document then, be&#xA;flexible. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Probably the customer don´t care about your test cases. How&#xA;important are they? Is it possible avoid them all?, some of them? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes customer needs the software right now, he thinks time to&lt;br&gt;&#xA;market is more important than quality. Ask yourself which could be&lt;br&gt;&#xA;the best approach for that kind of project.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is usual in lots of projects release a new version every week for a huge amount of users. Design your verification strategy for these situations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid bureaucracy and focus on what really matter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work closer with developers, they need your feedback as soon as&#xA;possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are the responsibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4380" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T04:39:32.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5194" CreationDate="2012-11-14T05:04:34.810" Score="8" Body="&lt;h1&gt;No, they shouldn't.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The major reason is that the natural role of &lt;em&gt;Developer&lt;/em&gt; is to stand up for idea that &quot;the program is working&quot;. The natural role of &lt;em&gt;QA&lt;/em&gt; is a direct opposite: to prove that &quot;the program is not working&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If the same physical person acts for two opposite roles, this may lead to compromises with themselves.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Specifically speaking, sooner or later you will be tempted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;either to make worse code, &lt;strong&gt;just&lt;/strong&gt; to satisfy minimum requirements,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or to perform worse testing, to avoid detecting bugs in your own code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, if someone have experience &quot;changing your hats&quot;, they can combine the roles. Anyways, &lt;strong&gt;at any given moment they should clearly understand what role they are playing at very this moment&lt;/strong&gt;, a QA or a Developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are QA and you are willing to code (or vice versa), the best suggestion is  &lt;strong&gt;wearing different hats for different projects&lt;/strong&gt;. This way, you are QA in a Project_1 and a Developer on a Project_2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T05:04:34.810" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5196" CreationDate="2012-11-14T05:05:23.880" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;More than the act of testing, the act of designing tests is one of the best bug preventers known. The thinking that must be done to create a useful test can discover and eliminate bugs before they are coded...&quot; - Boris Beizer, Software Testing Techniques 2nd ed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D. Gelperin and B. Hetzel also first suggested the idea of &quot;Test, then code&quot; in 1987.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The concept of TDD is the reintroduction of these basic tenets that are intended to prevent bugs from getting into code. I would say that ATDD is a bug preventative approach which some testers participate in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my team, we also perform code reviews prior to check-ins which are one bug prevention activity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things that testers (and others on the team) can do to help prevent bugs might include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specification reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dev design reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scenario planning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design/architectural modeling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T05:05:23.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5196" CreationDate="2012-11-14T06:32:15.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gregory Pope lists a number of prevention techniques in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cmcrossroads.com/pdf/Silver_Buckshot.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;No Silver Bullet? Silver Buckshot May Work&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (and his &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhbLV16z4KE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;key note presentation&lt;/a&gt;). Some of them Phil already has mentioned. Other that testers and test managers can actively work on would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;right mix of testers to developers, e.g., QA manager may hire more testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;introducing &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_configuration_management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;configuration management&lt;/a&gt; not only for source code, but also for whole system setup &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;introducing requirements tracking tool  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some techniques might be easier in Agile teams, where testers are not in different silos than developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also detection techniques that do not prevent bugs but could help detect them &lt;em&gt;earlier&lt;/em&gt;. For instance, testers can write integration tests that can be included in continuous integration along with developers' unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-14T06:47:15.053" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T06:47:15.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5201" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-14T07:49:54.747" Score="5" ViewCount="2727" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_performance_indicator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;KPI (Key Performance Indicators)&lt;/a&gt; suggested to measure the performance of software tester. My concern is what are the most useful/ efficiency KPIs for a tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4381" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-04-08T19:14:54.397" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T19:14:54.397" Title="What are the most useful KPIs for tester" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5194" CreationDate="2012-11-14T11:16:56.577" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a tester on a small team in a large organization, my answer may be skewed from that of a tester in another situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm all fine for testers fixing bugs, but, we also need to realize that we specialize in testing, and developers specialize in coding.  We could fix it, and it could break something else that we don't know about.  At the end of the day however, in many organizations, the code is owned by the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual answer, yes, I think it's fine, so long as the team is alright with this and the code is reviewed and checked in by a developer with a stake in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2012-11-14T11:32:33.247" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T11:32:33.247" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5201" CreationDate="2012-11-14T12:20:29.813" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is never a general industry-wide answer to this sort of question. What might be &quot;Key&quot; for your company may very well not be &quot;Key&quot; for my company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer this question for your specific context, find out what matters to the stakeholders you serve. Figure out what is important, what is not, and then determine what indicators can help you determine if you are on track or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And tread very, very carefully here. Depending very much on magic &quot;Indicators&quot; is very risky. Without a lot of context, such indicators can be very misleading. As just one example, if you determine that &quot;number of bug reports written&quot; is a key indicator, you may be emphasizing quantity and missing the quality of those bug reports. &lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/misuse-and-abuse-of-bug-counts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/misuse-and-abuse-of-bug-counts.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, remember that measurement systems &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; have side effects which can often lead to dysfunction. If you are in charge of implementing a measurement system, you owe it to yourself and your organization to read &quot;Measuring and Managing Performance in Organizations&quot; by Robert Austin first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2018-04-08T17:42:18.250" LastActivityDate="2018-04-08T17:42:18.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5196" CreationDate="2012-11-14T12:29:59.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some prevention activities that our QAers provide are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spec/Design reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimation assessments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Providing test data early enough so that it can be used during Unit Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We'd really like to do more. But in our shop, the schedules and workload dictate otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T12:29:59.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5206" CreationDate="2012-11-14T17:17:44.637" Score="1" ViewCount="350" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Ruby with Selenium to do test automation on a web application that has a MySQL DB behind it.  I need a good way to load data into the DB from a Ruby script.  So far in my research I have found using an export of the DB tables in CSV files and then loading the files back into the DB before running a test that requires the data.  To connect to the DB I have found the gems &lt;a href=&quot;http://rubygems.org/gems/mysql2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mysql2&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://rubygems.org/gems/net-ssh-gateway&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;net/ssh/gateway&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this approach make sense or is there a better way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2974" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-15T12:36:57.267" LastActivityDate="2012-11-15T12:36:57.267" Title="Loading test data from MySQL database" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5205" CreationDate="2012-11-14T17:39:34.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That sounds basically right. The only change I might make is instead of loading up to a CSV, you can just take a &lt;a href=&quot;http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/mysqldump.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mysqldump&lt;/a&gt; and load the DB from the dump at the beginning of the script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-15T12:33:52.393" LastActivityDate="2012-11-15T12:33:52.393" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5208" CreationDate="2012-11-14T18:05:40.470" Score="4" ViewCount="5168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I have been assigned to a new project and I saw few defects with status &quot;Open&quot; in the defect tracker (which is an Excel sheet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my understanding of Defect Life sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a new Defect is found then STATUS = &lt;strong&gt;New&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now the defect will be evaluated by dev team manager:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.If the defect is not valid then STATUS = &lt;strong&gt;Rejected&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ii.If defect is out of scope then STATUS = &lt;strong&gt;Differed&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;iii. If defect is a duplicate then STATUS = &lt;strong&gt;Duplicate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the defect is valid, in scope and is not a duplicate then STATUS = &lt;strong&gt;In-Progress&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once the defect is fixed by Developer then STATUS = &lt;strong&gt;Fixed&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now the defect will be re-tested by tester:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.  Defect is Fixed then STATUS = &lt;strong&gt;Closed&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ii. Defect is still not closed then STATUS =&lt;strong&gt;Re-Open&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So where do you think I have misunderstood the defect life cycle? Feel free to correct me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4384" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-15T12:38:12.820" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T08:51:38.660" Title="When can we say a defect is &quot;Open&quot;?" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5207" CreationDate="2012-11-14T18:09:22.150" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've got a pretty good grasp of the defect life cycle, however the terminology and even the flow can change from project to project and team to team.  Most likely, &quot;Open&quot; is the same as &quot;New&quot;.  More important than what term to use is ensuring that the team are all using the same terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T18:09:22.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5207" CreationDate="2012-11-14T18:52:07.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many shops would have an additional outcome to your step 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now the defect will be evaluated by dev team manager:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.If the defect is not valid then STATUS = Rejected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ii.If defect is out of scope then STATUS = Deferred&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;iii. If defect is a duplicate then STATUS = Duplicate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;iv. If the defect is none of these, then STATUS = Open&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Some shops mark a defect as Open and only mark it as In Progress, once it is assigned to a developer, or once the developer actually starts working on it. Other shops leave bugs as Open, rather than In Progress, until it is fixed.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your mileage may vary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T18:52:07.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5207" CreationDate="2012-11-14T19:01:20.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answers above are correct, let me make just a small re-phrasing of above answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on a bug/issue tracker software, there are several attributes of &lt;em&gt;Issue&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Status&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Openness&lt;/em&gt; may be combined or separated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common reason for having &lt;em&gt;Openness&lt;/em&gt; separated is the consideration that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;an issue should be closed by the same user who has opened it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't argue if this statement is valid or not. It may be defined by each team's QA process definition. For those who accept this statement, having &lt;em&gt;Openness&lt;/em&gt; attribute separate is obviously required:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An new issue is &lt;em&gt;Open/New&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rejected/Confirmed/InProgress is still &lt;em&gt;Open&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fixed issues go to the initial QA engineer, and they either &lt;em&gt;Closed/Verified&lt;/em&gt; it, or make them &lt;em&gt;Open/Reopen&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastActivityDate="2012-11-14T19:01:20.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5212" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-15T01:24:10.907" Score="9" ViewCount="19639" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our test suite is written in Python and makes use of the WebDriver Python bindings. We are looking into moving to TeamCity for continuous integration.&#xA;The setup I have in mind is a build triggered for the UI tests when the source code build finishes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that if TeamCity build agent is running as a Windows service, then the WebDriver tests are run in the background (and it takes forever to run even a single test). The workaround is to start the TeamCity build agent manually. Now the browser is visible, has focus and the tests run fine. The catch is, if the machine running the build agent is restarted, one would need to remember to start the build agent again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anybody implemented a similar setup ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get around this problem of having to run the build agent manually?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2545" LastEditorUserId="2958" LastEditDate="2013-01-17T21:58:35.473" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T01:00:36.613" Title="Selenium Tests run in the background when TeamCity CI is run as a Windows service" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5207" CreationDate="2012-11-15T07:37:24.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Over and above the suggestions already made, we also have an extra step in Stage 2 of &lt;strong&gt;Feedback&lt;/strong&gt; which is used if the assessor(s) require(s) further information or clarification before being able to Accept/Reject the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4326" LastActivityDate="2012-11-15T07:37:24.930" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-11-15T07:37:24.930" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10170" CreationDate="2012-11-15T08:26:09.907" Score="7" ViewCount="665" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guava&lt;/a&gt; library for Java has unit test cases &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/wiki/PhilosophyExplained&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;automatically generated&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guava has staggering numbers of unit tests: as of July 2012, the&#xA;  guava-tests package includes over 286,000 individual test cases. Most&#xA;  of these are &lt;strong&gt;automatically&lt;/strong&gt; generated, not written by hand, but Guava's&#xA;  test coverage is extremely thorough, especially for&#xA;  com.google.common.collect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How they were generated? What techniques and technologies were used to design and generate them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My guess&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first guess is they follow &lt;em&gt;parametrized tests&lt;/em&gt; approach. The package &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/source/browse/guava-testlib/src/com/google/common/collect/testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;com.google.common.collect.testing&lt;/a&gt; has a lot of classes with &quot;Generator&quot; in their names -- making it look like a framework for tests generation. The package &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/source/browse/guava-testlib/src/com/google/common/collect/testing/#testing/features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;com.google.common.collect.testing.features&lt;/a&gt; lists the features/constrains that a &quot;collection&quot; implementation (e.g., for a list, a set) should satisfy. So a test case parametrize what features a particular implementation should have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Motivation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/173167/how-have-guava-unit-tests-been-generated-automatically&quot;&gt;original question&lt;/a&gt; on Programmers SE got much attention from the community but no reasonable answer, so I'm trying to get it here. My motivation behind such a question is to learn more &lt;em&gt;in general&lt;/em&gt; about techniques (parametrized tests, random tests, etc.) and technologies (code templates, etc.) used to automate test case generation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2015-01-25T09:16:35.823" Title="How have Guava unit tests been generated automatically?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-15T12:45:56.993" Score="2" ViewCount="666" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is more like an academic question. Although, common perception is that dynamic analysis is testing itself, most of advanced sources (but AFAIK also the ISTQB) distinct between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dynamic testing&lt;/strong&gt; (excercising the program) and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dynamic analysis&lt;/strong&gt; (analysis of memory leaks, pointer exceptions etc. during runtime) by special tools. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it is not perfect classification because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISTQB, having adapted IEEE, says &lt;strong&gt;analysis&lt;/strong&gt; = &lt;strong&gt;testing&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;but on the other hand it distincts between &lt;strong&gt;dynamic analysis&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;dynamic testing&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Needless to say, ISTQB uses a &lt;strong&gt;static testing&lt;/strong&gt; term which is not used by most of the other authoritative resources, they call it &lt;strong&gt;static analysis&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, the question would be: How should I classify dynamic analysis and dynamic testing relation in terms of taxonomy in my thesis? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If DA is not testing, I cannot simply call it dynamic testing technique. So how should I resolve it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Quote from &lt;strong&gt;Advanced Software Testing - Vol. 2: Guide to the ISTQB Advanced&lt;/strong&gt; ...:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dynamic analysis tools&lt;/strong&gt; provide runtime information of the state of the executing software. They can be used to pinpoint a number of&#xA;  problems that are hard to find in static analysis and &lt;strong&gt;dynamic&#xA;  testing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is clear that this is correctly saying DA is not&#xA;dynamic testing (Wikipedia does not agree but that is not trusted&#xA;source).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another source: &lt;strong&gt;Guide to Advanced Software Testing&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dynamic analysis&lt;/strong&gt; cannot be done without tool support.... provides information as a by-product of dynamic testing (...) &lt;strong&gt;Dynamic testing&lt;/strong&gt; can be&#xA;  used when the test object is executable. We can also use &lt;strong&gt;dynamic analysis&lt;/strong&gt;, especially during component&#xA;  testing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="2740" LastEditDate="2012-11-15T15:20:04.703" LastActivityDate="2013-02-03T00:07:30.770" Title="ISTQB: testing = analysis but dynamic testing != dynamic analysis?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3878" CreationDate="2012-11-16T06:10:03.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This  worked for me to right click on a row in table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Selecting all cells of the HTML table&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elementNumList=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@id='elemnetId']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;//Taking 1st cell&#xA;WebElement link=elementNumList.get(0);&#xA;&#xA;//Right Clicking&#xA;new Actions(driver).contextClick(link).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-16T08:13:41.550" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T08:13:41.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5221" CreationDate="2012-11-16T12:32:02.067" Score="3" ViewCount="7147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used Selenium IDE to test Drupal (PHP) sites but want to create more advanced tests with loops and such. I hear Selenium WebDriver is all the rage, but when I google it, all these terms pop up and make me confused:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2 API&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Google) WebDriver&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Selenium WebDriver&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Selenium Grid&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Selenese&lt;br&gt;&#xA;PHPUnit&lt;br&gt;&#xA;NGUnit&lt;br&gt;&#xA;HtmlUnit&lt;br&gt;&#xA;HttpUnit&lt;br&gt;&#xA;JUnit&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sikuli Script&lt;br&gt;&#xA;SimpleTest&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Watir&lt;br&gt;&#xA;soapUI&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Groovy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering about how all these fit together in the grand scheme of unit testing, and, more specifially, Selenium WebDriver. Like, what's the difference between them, which are comparable (do about the same thing), where do they overlap, what can x do that y can't, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I use all of them to test PHP sites?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which could I (and should I) use in conjunction (and why) and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Would I need additional software to make that work (if so, what software), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When should I use what, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is Selenese something I use instead of PHP when coding tests and if so, what's the advantage of that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any other tools that I should use in conjunction with Selenium Webdriver?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry if the question is too broad or to nooby (please critizise constructively and give me a chance to rephrase my question before handing out too many minus points---this is my first question in this forum). Of course I'm not expecting anyone to answer all of this, but please chip in if you think you can clear my confusion in any way. By the way, my programming skills are at an entry level so please keep that in mind when explaining.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4393" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T12:41:34.153" LastActivityDate="2020-12-09T14:45:10.927" Title="What automation tools to use with PHP development?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5220" CreationDate="2012-11-16T13:38:21.250" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;How to eat an elephant? One bite at a time.&quot; --- The scope of your question is so wide, that it is not possible to shows all subtle differences between different technologies you list. It would be more useful for you to focus on a single problem (e.g., interaction with Web browser) and then search for technology that helps you solve this problem. Therefore, I decided to center my answer around generic problems the listed technologies try to solve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I posted my answer as community wiki, so others can improve it. Many of the technologies you listed I know only superficially, so I hope others will add more here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test framework enables &lt;em&gt;execution&lt;/em&gt; of &lt;em&gt;test cases&lt;/em&gt; automatically and &lt;em&gt;reporting&lt;/em&gt; test results. Test framework usually provides a set of &lt;em&gt;assertion&lt;/em&gt; predicates (e.g., isEqual) that will be used to compare actual system behavior with expected behavior (output) you define. Having tests cases with similar setup you may group them in &lt;em&gt;test suites&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The family of frameworks for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_Testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;unit testing&lt;/a&gt;, i.e. testing of single components and functions, is known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;xUnit&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TestNG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NGUnit&lt;/a&gt; are implementations of such framework of  Java language. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHPUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;phpUnit&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simpletest.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SimpleTest&lt;/a&gt; would be for unit testing of PHP code pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interacting with external systems&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During test execution, a test case implementation passes input data to the system under test and gets actual output data in return. Systems under tests cannot be called directly, when they expose different interfaces (e.g., SOAP). Hence, to speak to such a system, test case must use &quot;glue&quot;, i.e., &lt;em&gt;test driver&lt;/em&gt; that uses the protocol understood by the system. A test driver make easier for you to interact with such systems: prepare input data, parse output and make assertions on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOAPUI&lt;/a&gt;: Talking to Web services (exposing &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOAP&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer#RESTful_web_services&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RESTful&lt;/a&gt; interface), Web resources (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP&lt;/a&gt; interface), &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Message_Service&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMS&lt;/a&gt; queues, backend services for Flash/Flex applications (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_Message_Format&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AMF&lt;/a&gt; interface).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HttpUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTPUnit&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HtmlUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTMLUnit&lt;/a&gt;: Interacting at low level with HTML Web sites and Web resources with &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP&lt;/a&gt; interface&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium WebDriver, Google WebDriver: Talking to Web browser (IE, FF, Chrome). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration and system testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of those test drivers, like HTTPUnit and WebDrivers, can be used together with xUnit frameworks to automate completely testing process. Yes, xUnit frameworks were originally designed for unit testing, but currently are often used for launching integration and system tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Programming Languages&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://groovy.codehaus.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy&lt;/a&gt; is a programming language for the Java VM.  If you write APIs in Groovy, you might choose to test those APIs in Groovy too.  You might also choose to test Java APIs in Groovy, but there are other JVM-based languages that you could use to test Java APIs as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To quote its &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikuli&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt;, &quot;Sikuli is a visual technology to automate and test graphical user interfaces (GUI) using images (screenshots) of the software under test&quot; and &quot;Sikuli Script is a visual scripting API using Jython to create automation scripts.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenese is a set of commands for writing Selenium tests in tabular form.  You can read more about it in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3380682/what-exactly-is-selenese-html&quot;&gt;StackOverflow post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T22:39:19.773" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-11-16T13:38:21.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5220" CreationDate="2012-11-16T14:45:09.103" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me try to explain this in simple words so that we don't get confused with different jargon used with Selenium.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2 API, (Google) WebDriver, Selenium WebDriver are same things. Why we call it Selenium WebDriver because it is combination of Selenium (from ThoughtWorks) and WebDriver (from Google). We call it Selenium 2 also since WebDriver provides backward compatibility to Selenium 1. So if you want to start with automation, better to start with WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Grid is used for running automation in parallel mode. Suppose, we want to run a test on 3 browsers; IE, FF, Chrome, we use Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium/Webdriver supports different testing frameworks (FW). These are different Unit Testing frameworks Selenese PHPUnit, NGUnit, HtmlUnit, HttpUnit, JUnit. Depending on the application, different FW have different benefits. We should thorough study our application and then choose FW appropriately. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium/Webdriver also supports different languages. So we can choose any language to write our script.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is: Selenium/Webdriver is best fit with Java language as it is written in Java and with we can use testing framework Junit or testNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4358" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T14:45:09.103" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5207" CreationDate="2012-11-16T15:20:31.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One more condition may come up at Step 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When Dev manager REJECT the issue and it comes to QE and QE doesn't agree with REJECTION then QE can assign that issue to PM(Product Manager), now issue is still OPEN. PM then matches the requirement and may assign issue to Dev manager to fix it OR assign to tester to close OR change issue into Enhancement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4358" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T15:20:31.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5212" CreationDate="2012-11-16T21:31:24.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two steps I had to take on a windows 7 machine were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Win7 machines, set the registry key HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\AllowRemoteRPC to 1.  This allows the remote task to execute on a remote machine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change the windows service &quot;Interactive Service Detection&quot; to startup &quot;Automatic&quot;.  This allows us to remote desktop in to a client machine and view a remote task being executed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm able to execute selenium tests via a windows service with little delay.  My test suite is using the .net libraries and all of the supported browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-11-16T21:31:24.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5225" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5234" CreationDate="2012-11-16T21:53:54.107" Score="0" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've taken a look at PSR, which kind of does that, but it's just screen caps, and can only record a certain number. I would rather have a video and and a list of bookmarked frames to jump to in order to review problems that happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4395" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T03:49:41.800" Title="Is there recording software with bookmark frames on the fly?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5201" CreationDate="2012-11-17T20:18:53.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile doesn't support KPI applied on individual Software tester. Rather, you can apply KPI to measure whole team performance which include PM, Dev, testers etc. There are different factors like how many user-stories team handled in 2/3/4 week sprint, issues during sprint vs issues reported by customer etc. RCA(root cause analysis) is very important for each issue reported by customer so that we can improve the things in next sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4358" LastActivityDate="2012-11-17T20:18:53.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-18T22:48:59.200" Score="4" ViewCount="2283" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where can I find ISTQB mock exams with reliable answers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have heard that there are a lot of sites with mock exams but they told me to be careful because some of their answers are not correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4400" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T11:35:16.487" LastActivityDate="2019-08-23T17:06:02.567" Title="Where can I find ISTQB Foundation mock exams with reliable answers?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5227" CreationDate="2012-11-19T10:06:07.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't know how reliable they are, but some of my colleagues recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbquestionbank.blogspot.se/2012/01/istqb-foundation-sample-question-paper.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this site&lt;/a&gt; which they used before the exam (and they did all pass).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't tried it myself though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T06:22:57.457" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T06:22:57.457" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5227" CreationDate="2012-11-19T17:36:55.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've read &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_fZnXwAACAAJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Foundations of Software Testing: ISTQB Certification&quot;&lt;/a&gt; by Dorothy Graham et al. For each chapter of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/viewcategory/16.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Syllabus&lt;/a&gt; it has sample example questions, together with correct answers and reference to the paragraph explaining why it is correct. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/viewcategory/41.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB site&lt;/a&gt; there is is also a &lt;em&gt;free&lt;/em&gt; sample of exam questions and correct answers but without explanation why it is correct.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tons of Web sites with obviously incorrect answers. What I did here was that every time I did not agree with an answer I consulted it with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/viewcategory/16.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Syllabus&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/viewcategory/20.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Glossary&lt;/a&gt; or with colleagues during exam preparation training we had. We often did not agree with both unofficial and official (coming from ISTQB) sources but discussing and criticizing those sources taught me more than would learning the answers by heart. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-19T17:56:33.397" LastActivityDate="2012-11-19T17:56:33.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5227" CreationDate="2012-11-19T17:38:26.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if this is the kind of thing you are looking for, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.astqb.org/certified-tester/certification.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here's one place.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T06:22:12.093" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T06:22:12.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5194" CreationDate="2012-11-19T19:01:26.440" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There seem to be a wide range of answers from &quot;Yes, this makes sense.&quot; to &quot;No, don't you dare.&quot;   I can see both sides of the question so here's an answer in the middle.   It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the role of QA on a particular project.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If QA has been involved in the software development lifecycle, if QA has played a role in defining requirements from the start of a project, and if QA feels like they have the support of project management to take a proactive role, I'd say go for it.&lt;/strong&gt;   I've always welcomed testers and QA people with an engineering focus to take some time to understand the code that underlies the systems they are testing, and there's no better way to learn a system than to fix bugs in a project.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;On the other hand, if QA isn't involved in the overall project, if QA doesn't have a seat at the table during the requirements phase and during the implementation of a project, then you are going to want to consider that QA may not have enough information to fix bugs without introducing more complexity (or even without understanding how the bug affects the overall development effort).&lt;/strong&gt;   Having QA fix bugs without the involvement of a developer or someone in project management could cause a range of problems.   Maybe development has decided to delay the implementation of a feature because the business hasn't fully elaborated on a requirement?    Maybe a particular bug is present because a developer is waiting for clarification?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary, I welcome a more involve QA effort on all the projects I develop, but I'd only be comfortable with QA fixing code if I were confident that they were involved in all aspects of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4405" LastActivityDate="2012-11-19T19:01:26.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5239" CreationDate="2012-11-19T20:57:26.700" Score="6" ViewCount="1076" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I worked for a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability_Maturity_Model_Integration&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CMMI&lt;/a&gt; level 5 company, they used a predictive approach for almost all and for that same reason metrics were very important, they were the inputs for next projects. But now, I think it is quite different (IMO). So, my question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are metrics in testing still important? If the answer is yes, which ones and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability_Maturity_Model_Integration&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CMMI&lt;/a&gt;, at least five years ago, suggests a waterfall SDLC (predictive approach) in which a lot of different metrics (for all the development phases) were collected and added to a kind of corporate database for two reasons: control and to predict (estimate) effort, defects, LoC and others for the next projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, most of us use an adaptative approach (agile) and those databases are less common. However, there are several metrics that are generated by the testing team and most of them are used just to report to managers, are not used for other projects and really few decisions are made based on them.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I´m asking because currently I don´t see a significant value on metrics (no just for testing). However, I would like to know what the testing community think about metrics. Are they important? why? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4380" LastEditorUserId="4380" LastEditDate="2012-11-20T02:37:46.147" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T11:13:29.360" Title="Are metrics something important?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3729" CreationDate="2012-11-20T03:05:12.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very common situation in agile teams. In order to tackle it, we have a big set of automated tests with different granularity written by devs and testers. However, that is not enough. A different developers' mindset is required in order to achieve an early deliver for partially completed, and easy to test, features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is, just imagine a developer is programming a windows service that runs periodically and can be configured via a UI. That dev. should deliver to QA the windows service as soon as possible with an easy way to verify its behaviour and continue with the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, testers cannot wait a lot to test new features and devs cannot wait for testers. Then, deliver small functionalities helps everyone to have something in what works on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing is that even when requirements can change, devs have to try to don´t change the code but work around it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4380" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:35:26.777" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:35:26.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5225" CreationDate="2012-11-20T03:49:41.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found that Camtasia has this feature. In the Camtasia Recorder, you can enable the Effects toolbar, and there's an Add Marker button. When you add the video to the timeline, the markers will appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4395" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T03:49:41.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2012-11-20T05:33:10.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Metrics totally depend upon the industry which you operate.If you are testing for a banking or a lifescience industry then metrics are very important since these industries are very strict and rigorous about standards.As for the other industries I don't think they matter much,but if you take testing as a whole if u can find your way to reproduce a bug that you found and make the development team or any other who is involved to reproduce it then I don't think metrics matter much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing greatly varies from a service based and product based company.If it is a service based company which offers testing as a service then these metrics play a bigger role.But if it is a product based company that does testing of its own products then they probably wont worry much about metrics and stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal answer to this question is that if metrics take too much of your time and you spend more time on the preparation/documentation of these metrics than actually testing of software then you should probably look at alternate solutions.You can possibly try the maximum to automate metrics preparation and collection.IMHO I don't think these metrics play a direct impact on test quality,it greatly depends upon the testers who do the actual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2654" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T05:33:10.913" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2012-11-20T09:30:44.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Metrics are a tool, not a goal on themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might use metrics for different purposes, and for those purposes metrics might be important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use metrics from time to time when I want to measure something or prove a point, and stop using them when the need is no longer there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example counting the number of bugs opened by clients vs. number of bugs found internally &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is meaningless as a one time effort but when you track it you can see trends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But on the other hand I calculated several one time metrics for a test review meeting with my upper management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T09:30:44.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2012-11-20T10:38:06.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IF&lt;/strong&gt; used correctly I find metrics very important and a great tool to emphasize that the product is on the right (or wrong) track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BUT&lt;/strong&gt; the wrong metrics are propoby more harmful than good metrics are helpful so be very careful when choosing metrics and what you are presenting to stakeholders / testers / managers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also find that the trend chart of a certain metric is often of more intrest than the key number it self. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: I tend to like we call 'defect work index' and here I as test manager rand each bug 1-4 depending how important it is to fix (I always use an even number else most seem always to be in the middle). The most important get 4 points, then 2, 1 and ½. Here the total number isn't of any intrest since it doesn't really say anything. But the trend chart is... If it's rising unusally fast; why? or decreasing; why? Might be focusing too much on bug-fixes and too little on new development.&#xA;It all depends where you are in the project of how important this is.&#xA;And I can't stress this enough: Don't set any goal of the index since it's the trend which is the intresting one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are of course unlimited different metrics, all of intrest in one way or another. Whats good in one project might be totally wrong in the next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T10:38:06.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5156" CreationDate="2012-11-20T10:50:10.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are looking to be a good tester then you should have some development experience to climb the career ladder. Skillset addition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2012-11-21T06:00:08.010" LastActivityDate="2012-11-21T06:00:08.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2012-11-20T13:27:45.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like most of the others who have responded, I have used a few metrics in the past, when there was something I wanted to learn (via counts or numbers or trends). Most often, I collected some metrics, attempted to learn what I was seeking, then stopped collecting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not found a universally-useful metric - one that I always feel merits the time and money needed to collect it, and doesn't have adverse side-effects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with most experiments, collecting metrics is based on several assumptions/hypotheses - that you are able to efficiently and effectively collect a number/count/trend that correctly represents something you want to know. For example (and I'm not saying that this is a good idea), if you want to know when your code might be of sufficient quality to ship, you might choose to collect bug counts and watch the trend of open bugs. (Hint: Don't do that! &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/misuse-and-abuse-of-bug-counts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/misuse-and-abuse-of-bug-counts.html&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as with all experiments, you must challenge those assumptions. How do you know that your metric really represents the bigger question you are trying to answer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as with all experiments, you must carefully watch for side-effects and unintended consequences. Read &quot;Measuring and Managing Performance in Organizations&quot; by Robert D. Austin for an in-depth treatment on that topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My sense is that a Metrics Program (with a capital M) as implemented company-wide in many companies, is a misguided attempt to publish numeric, easy-to-digest summaries of complex issues. At best they are useless, at worst they are completely dysfunctional (as in some of the examples raised by Austin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, contained, short-duration metrics (with a lower-case m), can be useful if you are careful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to tread lightly here. I prefer talking to people over being handed a metric. I prefer working with the team as a means to gain understanding, over a metrics-laden dashboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2012-11-20T13:34:40.850" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T13:34:40.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5241" CreationDate="2012-11-20T17:04:32.967" Score="39" ViewCount="10234" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm finding that regardless of how solid my tests scripts are, I still have tests that fail (falsely), even though they worked just fine before. I'm not talking about if markup changes (although that is another valid problem too), I'm talking about every time I run through my list of tests using NUnit, 10% of the tests will fail falsely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I simply wanted to know if others have this issue or wanted to share details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4412" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T23:58:01.103" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T23:58:01.103" Title="Are Selenium functional tests reliable enough to be worthwhile?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="22" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5240" CreationDate="2012-11-20T18:25:42.667" Score="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's difficult to make through-the-UI tests reliable.  The challenge comes down to the difficulty of reliably controlling and observing the variables that matter to your tests.  Whether this is worthwhile depends on your ability to make your test code more resilient, and on the value of being able to run the tests automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asynchrony.&lt;/strong&gt;  For web applications, a common source of trouble is asynchrony.  You take an action, and at some later time the app produces a result.  And the delay can vary.  How do you account for the varying delay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fixed waits.&lt;/em&gt;  Some people do this by naively adding fixed waits into their test code.  Click the button, wait a fixed amount of time, and check whether the result is displayed.  This is troublesome because one day you'll run the test and the fixed wait won't be long enough.  So you increase the duration of the fixed wait.  Over time, this makes your tests more reliable, but very slow.  Don't use fixed waits unless you absolutely can't use either of the following two techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Latch.&lt;/em&gt;  A better technique is to have the application use a &lt;em&gt;latch,&lt;/em&gt; a variable that indicates whether some asynchronous operation has completed.  When the operation starts, the application sets the latch variable to false.  When the operation completes, the application sets the latch variable to true.  Sometimes your tests can inject code into the application to implement the latches.  Your injected code registers to be notified when the operation starts and stops, and sets the value of the latch accordingly.  Then write your test code to watch for the latch variable to indicate that the operation is complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Polling.&lt;/em&gt;  Another technique is for your test code to poll for the desired result.  You click the button, then repeatedly check whether the result is displayed, pausing briefly in between checks.  You put a maximum polling duration on your polling code, so that if the item isn't displayed within, say, 30 seconds, you fail the test.  I usually end up creating a DSL to hide the details of the polling code and make it expressive, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(submitButton, eventually(), is(present()));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identifying elements.&lt;/strong&gt;  A second common challenge is how to identify the HTML/XML elements you want to observe and manipulate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meaningful ids and classes.&lt;/em&gt;  It's best if the application is designed to make it easy to identify elements, by adding well-named &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; attributes to unique elements, and well-named &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; attributes for repeated structures (like lists or tables).  These attributes make it easier to refer &lt;em&gt;directly&lt;/em&gt; to the elements you're interested in.  If your application doesn't have these, befriend a developer and beg for them.  Otherwise, you'll have to identify elements by their relationships to other elements, which makes your tests depend on the current structure of the markup code.  When the structure changes, your locators become invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Simplify locators.&lt;/em&gt; A related challenge is to write locators that are amenable to changes in the markup.  I often see people using inspection tools (Selenium IDE, Firebug, etc) to generate locators.  Often the monstrous locators created by these tools include the complete path to the element, including indexes.  If you use these locators, your tests become dependent on that full path.  If the structure changes, your locators become invalid.  It's better to examine each tool-generated locator to see if you can pick out the &lt;em&gt;essential&lt;/em&gt; parts, then create a locator that relies on only those essential parts.  (Then get a developer to add meaningful &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; attributes.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-11-20T18:25:42.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5242" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-20T20:08:41.803" Score="2" ViewCount="12005" Body="&lt;p&gt;There were 5 or 6 plugin updates for Jenkins v.1.476 which I have running on a Linux VM.  The UI showed progress while updating as usual and I typically have to refresh the screen to see Jenkins reboot.  However, this time it never restarted and was unresponsive.  After refreshing a few times, it did show an error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: hudson/PluginManager$PluginUpdateMonitor at hudson.maven.PluginImpl.init(PluginImpl.java:54)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the log the first failure appears while attempting to scout and then load &lt;code&gt;hudson.maven.MavenModuleSet&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also have Jenkins running on Windows and it is also not rebooting after updating plugins.  I can restart it by running it in Java from the command line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone seen this error or have any feedback on why it's happening?  Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4414" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2012-11-20T21:32:19.087" LastActivityDate="2012-12-25T16:27:01.383" Title="Jenkins fails to restart after updating plugins" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-28T04:10:01.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5240" CreationDate="2012-11-21T07:36:47.060" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that Selenium functional tests are reliable enough if done &lt;a href=&quot;http://mestachs.wordpress.com/2012/08/13/selenium-best-practices/&quot;&gt;right&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion your &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunitpatterns.com/Fragile%20Test.html&quot;&gt;fragile tests&lt;/a&gt; are &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; selenium specific but depend on how the tests are implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first step to resolve this issue is finding out why most tests fail that shuldn-t fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Timing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External Services not reachable/available? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wrong database content? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-11-21T07:36:47.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5244" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-21T09:10:45.267" Score="-1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible Duplicate:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5246/looking-for-test-management-tool-to-integrate-with-jira-hudson-soapui-and-sel&quot;&gt;Looking for test management tool to integrate with JIRA, Hudson, SoapUI, and Selenium&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for an open source test management tool. Our application is written in Java and the UI is web UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to integrate it with JIRA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4332" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-11-21T16:20:01.470" Title="Open source test management tools" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2012-11-22T21:09:09.677" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2012-11-21T11:56:04.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a few you might wish to check out:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/testmgt.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/testmgt.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-11-21T11:56:04.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5246" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-21T13:59:03.890" Score="2" ViewCount="1595" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm checking an open source test management tool for my company. The main options are &lt;a href=&quot;http://xqual.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Xqual&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teamst.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testlink&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I worked on Testlink, played a bit with Xstudio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our product is written in Java, and has Web UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It need to have good integration with JIRA, Hudson, SoapUI, Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for opinion form people that worked on both of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4332" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-22T21:00:41.957" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T11:55:44.883" Title="Looking for test management tool to integrate with JIRA, Hudson, SoapUI, and Selenium" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2012-11-21T17:44:49.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO, the single biggest problem with software metrics is that people seem to love to measure simply for the sake of collecting data. But, some problems with mindless metrics include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wasteful data&lt;/strong&gt;. We sometimes waste time collecting data that is not used to measure things we want to improve or provide insight into answers to actionable questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data bones&lt;/strong&gt;. abusing the data as tea leaves/oracle bones (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/?s=oracle%20bones&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Meaningful Measures&lt;/a&gt;. In other words we collect data and then pick over the bones of data asking ourselves what we can conclude from these measures.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Random metrics&lt;/strong&gt;.  Assuming we are measuring to improve some aspect of our process, a good measurement should look for trends over time. One-time snap-shot measures rarely produce a picture of reality. One time measures are good for random reactions, while trending data helps guiding actions towards constant improvement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, I personally am not a big fan of collecting data for the sake of collecting data. I am a big fan of Dr. Victor Basili's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.umd.edu/~basili/publications/technical/T78.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Goal, Question, Metric paradigm.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, one thing I am looking at right now with my team is reducing maintenance costs of automated tests throwing false positives (Goal - reduce false positives of intermittently failing tests). First, we analyzed our existing data to understand the different reasons why tests intermittently fail and throw false positives (e.g. service outage, synchronization, etc.). Next, we decided which things we could take action on and implemented some actions to improve our test designs we think will lower the incidents of false positives occurring in our automation runs and improve reliability of our tests. (Question - what can we improve/how can we improve?) And finally, we implemented measures to track to see if those actions are actually having a positive impact. (Measure - are our actions having a positive impact, and are we measuring the right things.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-11-21T17:44:49.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2012-11-22T04:06:04.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes provided you gather the right metrics. I would like to share my experience how metrics were manipulated for different reasons&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metrics to Project QA Improvements&lt;/strong&gt; - Lot of metrics were gathered to project QA improvements in terms of QA Processes and test cases. Examples - Test Cases Per Feature, Bugs per Test Case - Test Cases Executed to Bugs Logged&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Opinion&lt;/strong&gt; - These metrics were used to justify how adding more QA members improved test coverage, more test execution and more bugs. This is &lt;strong&gt;not useful&lt;/strong&gt; metric that is needed for &lt;strong&gt;REAL&lt;/strong&gt; improvements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metrics for Management&lt;/strong&gt; - Similar to Earlier QA Improvements these metrics were drawn to justify critical QA defects when compared to DEV - QA - UAT - Prod bugs. How QA Has Performed compared to other environments. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Opinion&lt;/strong&gt; - These metrics provides good details on how bugs passed through different phases. Overall quality of product can be arrived. This alone is not sufficient&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meaningful Metrics&lt;/strong&gt; - We need few critical items to begin with (Bugs logged against functionality, code defects, requirements related). These need to be retrospected and should continuously feed in to next cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metrics&lt;/strong&gt; are only a guideline, Results depend on how we leverage it, Entering Actual Data (Not manipulating to show numbers), Accepting the facts and continuously working on improvements &lt;strong&gt;mind-set matters&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2012-11-22T04:06:04.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3691" CreationDate="2012-11-22T18:52:56.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to tehlexx's answer, you can also try &lt;code&gt;SYS_GetVersion()&lt;/code&gt;, which returns the Microsoft specified constant that specifies the OS being used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're doing web testing or some kind of non-trivial parallel/network testing, I would try avoiding using &lt;code&gt;SYS_&lt;/code&gt; functions, however since they're highly machine dependent. You could also try writing custom functions that pull the OS information from the regional settings or elsewhere directly from the machine the test is being run on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2012-11-22T18:52:56.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5250" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-23T16:11:25.937" Score="8" ViewCount="834" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have an application under test (AUT) that uses a mixture of HTML and Silverlight controls, which they have successfully automated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My AUT web app has screens with a mixture of HTML and Silverlight, and this requires silverlight to run in &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc838156%28v=vs.95%29.aspx&quot;&gt;Windowless mode&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, this apparently makes the Silverlight elements opaque to automation (according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;). I've tried a few different automation tools now, without success (they are unable to distinguish elements within the Silverlight area). Before I waste my time trying and failing with every tool there is, does anybody have any experience of this at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2012-11-24T12:01:39.297" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T00:04:06.137" Title="Is it possible to automate Silverlight in windowless mode?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;silverlight&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2012-11-23T22:51:59.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testlink&lt;/strong&gt; is still the leader a lot on the open-source market however there has not been much changes in the last years and some people start saying it's a dying project :( maybe just a rumor but anyway it's not been very active recently... IMHO &lt;strong&gt;XStudio&lt;/strong&gt; is the best choice by far. It has great features and it's growing fast. It has even better features than QC in some area and the list of interfaces to test automation framework supported is impressive (Selenium, Webdriver, SoapUI are included).&#xA;The good thing also is that XQual provide an optional commercial support (same model as MySql).&#xA;Just my 2 cents,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4432" LastActivityDate="2012-11-23T22:51:59.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5252" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-23T23:53:24.207" Score="1" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;I come from a background that strongly emphasizes automated testing baked into the build process. You commit, the code is checked out by the build system, compiled, and tests run against it. If it fails, the artifacts are discarded and cannot even be sent for manual testing. After all, what's the point if even the automated tests are failing? Those are the easy stuff!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I moved on to my next gig, you may recall I &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/149/1-5-million-lines-of-code-0-tests-where-should-we-start&quot;&gt;didn't have that same luxury&lt;/a&gt;. There was little to no emphasis on automated testing, and was largely considered a waste of time. I actually had one business manager say &quot;Can you imagine how busy your developers would be if they had to go fixing all those bugs? We'd never get anything done!&quot; You can't make this kind of stuff up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well now I find myself in a happy medium. There's no tests around this code either, and there's no automated build engine, but that's okay. The folks here are very happy to look at new techniques, incorporate them when you can, and preventing bugs is largely considered a Good Thing. Great. Naturally, I asked if there were any projects that used JUnit (it's a Java gig) and was told no, there's not. But, if something needs to be verified to be correct, it is done at system startup. Here's a code example of how it might work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DateTimeUtility {&#xA;&#xA;    /* returns true if 'late' is later in time than 'early' */&#xA;    public boolean isAfter(Calendar early, Calendar late) {&#xA;        return late.compareTo(early) &amp;gt; 0;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /* verifies the integrity of the isAfter method */&#xA;    static {&#xA;        Calendar early = new GregorianCalendar(1999, 1, 1);&#xA;        Calendar late = new GregorianCalendar(2000, 1, 1);&#xA;        if(!isAfter(early,late)) throw new Error(&quot;DateTimeUtility.isAfter is broken&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't have the fancy features that a unit testing framework would have, but it does appear to be quite useful. Now, date time utilities aren't exactly something that break often, but it's just an example. Clearly something more complicated can be substituted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pros I see is that it would be literally impossible to have a failing test in any environment. If you have a bug with one of these tests around it, it simply won't work. (I suppose technically you could catch the Error, but that's a particularly bad practice to be getting into, considering the Error contract.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cons would be that you end up with a larger artifact (as the tests are bundled into the artifacts you'd be sending to production) and, depending on the thoroughness of the testing, could have a significant increase to the boot time of your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not a widespread practice among the team, but it does show up on occasion. Of course, you'd never know it was there unless you looked for it, because needless to say any problems with it don't last long. The first time you load it into your dev environment it explodes spectacularly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a practice that was a fad at one point? Maybe it goes by a special buzzword? Has anyone run into this and might be able to provide some insight into it, its pros and cons, and other special considerations I'm not seeing? Is it a flat out bad idea and I should actively attempt to migrate these blocks to a bona-fide unit test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-11-24T05:30:25.543" Title="Enforcement of quality as a runtime requirement" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5252" CreationDate="2012-11-24T05:30:25.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company runs Linux on our production machines.  Rather than using the default distribution, we install only those packages necessary to run our software, because each additional, superfluous packages increases the risk that something will go wrong, e.g. a security hole or a resource problem.  Similarly, you could argue that running tests in your production environment introduces unnecessary risk.  The test in your question looks innocent enough, but as the tests become more complicated, it is possible that a test may &lt;em&gt;introduce&lt;/em&gt; bugs in the production system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-11-24T05:30:25.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5263" CreationDate="2012-11-24T19:47:28.097" Score="13" ViewCount="1396" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is part of my quest how to test my tests and test data. I looked at the techniques that would help improve my test cases. While &lt;em&gt;code/branch coverage&lt;/em&gt; can tell me whether my test suites cover my code base sufficiently, it will not tell me whether my test oracles are able to detect all faults. So, here comes  &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation_testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mutation testing&lt;/a&gt; with help: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mutation testing&lt;/em&gt; involves modifying a program's source code or byte&#xA;  code in small ways. A test suite that does not detect and reject the&#xA;  mutated code is considered defective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In extreme case it will detect useless assertions &lt;code&gt;1==1&lt;/code&gt; in your tests :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/246495/what-mutation-testing-frameworks-exist&quot;&gt;tools&lt;/a&gt; for performing mutation testing (in Java and other programming languages), some well integrated with xUnit frameworks. However, configuring those tools and interpreting their results seems time-consuming to me, and the tools &lt;a href=&quot;http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=261062.261067&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;might return many false negatives&lt;/a&gt; (called equivalent mutants) that I must filter out manually. Hence, I'm curious whether it is worth investing more time on learning that technique. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have you found those tools, or mutation testing in general, &lt;em&gt;useful&lt;/em&gt; for improving your tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of &lt;em&gt;deficiencies&lt;/em&gt; have you found in your tests with mutation testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read about some &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/242650/is-mutation-testing-useful-in-practice&quot;&gt;hands-on experiences&lt;/a&gt; with this technique but no details what deficiencies were found in real test cases and how serious they were.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-06-13T20:18:42.347" Title="Mutation testing: is it useful for assessing test quality?" Tags="&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5242" CreationDate="2012-11-25T10:24:23.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a known bug, &lt;a href=&quot;https://issues.jenkins-ci.org/browse/JENKINS-15892&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documented here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears you can get around the issue (at least enough to get back into the GUI to revert the change) by deleting the &lt;code&gt;$JENKINS_HOME/plugins/maven-plugin.jpi.pinned&lt;/code&gt; file. Standard rules about backing things up still apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4435" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2012-12-25T16:27:01.383" LastActivityDate="2012-12-25T16:27:01.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2012-11-25T12:40:43.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestLink  1.9.4 has been released on September 2012.&#xA;TestLink is also offered by BitNami as installer or VM&#xA;TestLink 1.9.5 will be released on Dic 2012, with tight integration with BTS allowing you to create issues directly from TestLink.&#xA;You can also can have payed support if needed (ask to testlink.forum@gmail.com)&#xA;You can also can have payed onsite training (on Europe)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4436" LastActivityDate="2012-11-25T12:40:43.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5246" CreationDate="2012-11-25T16:33:37.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;+1 for XStudio.&#xA;We integrated more than 4 automated test frameworks with our XStudio instance 2 years ago and it's doing the job nicely.&#xA;I recommend it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Btw, yes XQual and XStudio is the same thing. XQual is the brand, XStudio is their product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4437" LastActivityDate="2012-11-25T16:33:37.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5255" CreationDate="2012-11-25T22:20:24.820" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mutation testing is generally interesting from an academic perspective. I have never seen or heard of anyone using mutation testing on software that is delivered to customers on a schedule. The time and expense involved in mutation testing is huge compared to the perceived value returned. In complex projects with several developers contributing to the product mutation testing of even a small component can block continuous integration cycles. In general, mutation testing is probably one of the most expensive solutions to a goal of improving test case effectiveness (assuming that you have a problem of ineffective test cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mutation testing may be useful in training, or smaller projects with limited participants and no timelines, but it is generally more complicated than flipping a single bit and analyzing the results of a subset of tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it is a faulty assumption that an oracle (human or automated) will detect all faults. Automated oracles can only detect problems they are programmed to check for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-11-25T22:20:24.820" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5167" CreationDate="2012-11-26T08:43:49.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One more documentation tool for session-based test management for your consideration: qTrace&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qasymphony.com/announcing-qtrace-2-5.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;qTrace&lt;/a&gt; includes the option to capture and display timestamp associated with every screen and action along with user's action. Besides, the duration of the record is also captured. Also, the timestamp feature is available in free edition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4277" LastActivityDate="2012-11-26T08:43:49.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5261" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-26T09:44:23.410" Score="11" ViewCount="6791" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any UI test automation tool or framework exist that can automate Windows Phone 8 metro app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2825" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T03:32:33.137" Title="UI test automation tools for Windows Phone 8 metro apps?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5261" CreationDate="2012-11-26T12:12:05.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I must recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perfectomobile.com/portal/cms/services/automated_testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Perfectomobile&lt;/a&gt;. You test on real devices and they do have them all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I havn't used it in my project (yet), but those that have do really recommend it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastActivityDate="2012-11-26T12:12:05.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5255" CreationDate="2012-11-26T13:10:49.737" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm the author of one of the tools for Java (&lt;a href=&quot;http://pitest.org&quot;&gt;http://pitest.org&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found mutation testing useful in practice, working on large legacy corporate code bases and smaller test driven projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen a lot of dismissals of the value of mutation testing such as Bj Rollison's answer. I generally don't disagree with the points he makes, however some implicit assumptions are being made about how mutation testing can/should be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mutation testing is useful (in my experience) when performed in the following ways&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. From the outset of a small/medium project.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this scenario mutation testing supports you as you code. You can realistically aim to achieve a high mutation score.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mutation testing will highlight gaps in your test suite (examples I keep seeing are interaction focused tests that don't check that methods actually return the value they're meant to calculate, unchecked boundaries, and lots&#xA;of instances where the TDD process you claim to be following clearly wasn't followed as you can take methods calls out without a test failing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A surviving mutation will result in you doing one of three things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Writing a new test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Deleting some code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Rewriting some code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often the outcome is b) or c). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) is self explanatory - you have some useless code that can be removed, c) is less obvious and relates to equivalent mutations. I've found that often code that can be mutated to an equilvaent mutation can be better expressed by code that can't be mutated to an equivalent mutation. The result is usually easier to understand and maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some equivalment mutations will always remain however - usually these are from performance concerns within the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definition of what constitutes a small/medium project is a little tricky to tie down - but basically small enough that the analysis completes in a time low enough to be acceptable as part of you coding feedback loop. Fortunately mutation testing tools have improved their performance by orders of in recent years. (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://pitest.org/java_mutation_testing_systems/&quot;&gt;http://pitest.org/java_mutation_testing_systems/&lt;/a&gt; for some discussion of why/how).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. To support new development within an existing large code base&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same as above but the analysis is limited to new code. It can be useful both while developing, and part of pair review etc. It finds test suite gaps, but can also generate some useful discussion about the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. To support changes to existing code within an existing larger code base&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this scenario a slice of a codebase of interest is picked out for analysis - often to support a refactoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As before you might end up adding tests, but probably wouldn't bother deleting or rewriting code as it is likely to be replaced anyway. Once all the surviving mutations have been investigated you have however gained an accurate&#xA;understanding of the risk involved in refactoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They way most people seem to assume that mutation testing should be used is ..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Try and achieve a 100%/85%/75% etc mutation score for an existing project&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never tried this, and wouldn't expect it to deliver much value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the code base is large analysis times will be long, and the number of surviving mutations likely to be high. Trying to assess each one would be prohibitively time consuming (javalanche is meant to provide some help in this space - I've not tried it myself&#xA;though, and gather it comes with a high performance cost).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mutation testing could perhaps still be used to assess the overall quality of and existing suite. A random sample of surviving mutation could be taken and each assesed to see if it equivalent - this could then be used to determine the likely number of surviving mutations&#xA;that repesent test suite deficiencies. This is not something I have tried myself however.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4440" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-11-26T15:35:05.760" LastActivityDate="2012-11-26T15:35:05.760" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5240" CreationDate="2012-11-26T18:56:23.693" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I +1'd Dale's answer, however I wanted to add a few additional things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dale is absolutely correct that a large part of the fragility of automated UI tests comes from timing issues and can often be fixed by using polling (referred to as implicit waits in Selenium) or latches.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also agree with his assertions on identifying elements and depending on the project and how much code churn there is this can make a huge difference.  One additional point I would like to make is that if elements and pages are changing, then it can sometimes be considered a &quot;flaky&quot; test, but it also often points to automated tests that need to be refactored or removed anyways due to the changes.  Another question to ask here is why did the element or element's identifier change?  Was this necessary for the functional changes being made to the web page?  Often, there is some developer education necessary to help them understand how these seemingly minor changes can have a large impact on the automation and can many times be avoided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other possibilities for flakiness can include intermittent issues in your test environment and product under test.  It is VERY important to treat these differently than test flakiness as this can point to serious issues that should be addressed in the product or environment.  Many times I have seen automation failures get lumped into &quot;flaky automation&quot; that were actually discovering bugs in the product that could have been avoided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One technique that I like for identifying &quot;flaky&quot; test cases is what I have referred to as &quot;soak testing&quot; where you take your test suite and run it over and over again (100 times is a common goal) against the same environment and same product build (to rule out product or environment changes as causes of failure).  There will be 3 possible results per test case: 100% pass, this is a stable test case; 100% fail, this is also a stable test case, and can point to either a product bug or automation defect; any other % of pass/fail, this points to an unreliable test OR unreliable product feature or environment and should be investigated.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of the unstable tests the best scenario would be a test that passes/fails inconsistently but always fails in the same place when it does fail.  This is easy to track down.  You will sometimes find that tests will actually fail in multiple places and these will require a bit more work to track down and fix the root cause, but this is WELL worth the effort in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, I'd like to point to another answer that will help increase both reliability and maintainability of your automation: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3798/good-resources-tutorials-tips-for-beginner-doing-automation/3804#3804&quot;&gt;Good resources/tutorials/tips for beginner doing automation?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-11-26T18:56:23.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3280" CreationDate="2012-11-27T13:15:22.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to use a non-self-signed certificate? You'll need to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run a Certification&#xA;Authority&#xA;on an available server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install the root certificate on your workstation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have the certification authority issue a certificate to your website's test server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the solution we use in-house: it simulates more accurately the real-life setup, and is more convenient when we build new test servers (because every workstation only needs to install the one root certificate).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2012-11-27T13:15:22.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5267" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5268" CreationDate="2012-11-27T05:37:37.523" Score="5" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've written some code that performs some action, depending on the day of the year and the year. There are an infinite number of years, hence an infinite number of days? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's a good way to unit test my code? I'd like to cover all of my cases, but since there are an infinite number of them, how can I cover a sufficient amount to know my code works?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(In my case, I'm using the SenTest framework,I'm working in Xcode, 4.5 and I'm targeting iOS.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4446" OwnerDisplayName="Moshe" LastEditorUserId="4446" LastEditDate="2012-11-27T17:00:33.903" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T09:33:41.190" Title="How do I reasonably unit test calendrical calculations?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5267" CreationDate="2012-11-27T15:26:38.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Moshe.  There is more than one way to approach this. One technique is to choose a random sample from a pool of possible dates.  Judging from your question, you do not need to worry about dates from the Precambrian era, the Renaissance, or the distance future -- just dates for which your application is likely to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your tests are sufficiently fast, you can try every date over a range that contains enough variety to cover whatever special cases you care about: leap years, weekends, bank holidays, and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are special cases in multiple dimensions (e.g. Thursdays get special treatment, except not alternating months during leap years), you might consider a combinatorial approach.  If there are so many dimensions that a combinatorial approach becomes unmanageable, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=combinatorial%20testing&quot;&gt;there are ways to address that too&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A white box approach would be to find dates that cover every code path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a more practical note, even if you choose to put your test cases in a table,  you may want to document the purpose of each test case so that you will remember them later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, this kind of problem extends beyond date-based testing.  Any good tester needs to worry about choosing input values from a large pool of possible values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-11-27T15:42:36.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5261" CreationDate="2012-11-28T01:12:08.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Windows Automation APIs (UIAutomation) is a robust framework for automating Windows Phone 8 apps. For more information see &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/windowsappdev/archive/2012/09/04/automating-the-testing-of-windows-8-apps.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automating the testing of Windows 8 Apps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-11-28T01:12:08.900" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5270" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5277" CreationDate="2012-11-28T13:25:13.753" Score="1" ViewCount="1448" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have a drop down list that i add items to it,i ask the user to type in brand name and check first if that brand is already found on the drop down list if yes prints a message if no do some actions.&#xA;here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def add_brand(self,x):&#xA;     self.elem=self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_txtBrand')&#xA;     self.elem.send_keys(x)&#xA;     self.txt=self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_ddlBrand')&#xA;     self.brands=self.txt.find_elements_by_tag_name('option')           &#xA;     for i in self.brands:&#xA;            if i.text==x:                &#xA;                print('already found')&#xA;                break&#xA;            else:                &#xA;                print('this item is new')                &#xA;                self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_hlSaveBrand').click()&#xA;                self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_txtBrand').clear()&#xA;                break&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and here is the code to call that function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;no=input('enter how many brands u want to add')&#xA;store.add_brand_model_item()&#xA;for i in range (0,no):&#xA;    koko=raw_input('plz enter brand name')&#xA;    store.add_brand(koko)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3208" LastEditorUserId="3208" LastEditDate="2012-11-28T14:55:54.910" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:41:41.140" Title="check for value if found before adding it to my drop down list?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5271" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-28T16:37:48.080" Score="3" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to sign up my whole QA department up for some SQA training in testing. Not sure of any good places/organizations to look at for providing the training though. Any one do any training and have good experiences from it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4450" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T01:20:03.827" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T01:20:03.827" Title="What is a good training to signup for to get training for my SQA department?" Tags="&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-11-29T09:26:31.647" Score="2" ViewCount="2840" Body="&lt;p&gt;If &lt;strong&gt;I want to automate testing of flash games&lt;/strong&gt; like car race, bike race bubbleshooter, video slot games or video poker.  Is there any open source automation testing tool available for this purpose.  &lt;strong&gt;I am a fresher for game testing.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4457" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2012-11-29T19:23:34.823" LastActivityDate="2019-06-18T09:30:37.250" Title="How can I automate the testing of flash games?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5270" CreationDate="2012-11-29T11:15:30.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I googled a lot but finally I found the solution. I know it's not the only solution, so if anyone has another point of view to solve this, please share as I mainly want to learn the Python language and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; def add_brand(self,x):&#xA;    self.elem=self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_txtBrand')&#xA;    self.elem.send_keys(x)&#xA;    self.txt=self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_ddlBrand')&#xA;    brands=self.txt.find_elements_by_tag_name('option')&#xA;    items=[]&#xA;    for i in brands:            &#xA;        items.append(i.text)&#xA;&#xA;    item=items.count(x)&#xA;    #print(item)&#xA;    #print(items)&#xA;    if item&amp;gt;=1:                    &#xA;        print('already found')&#xA;        self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_txtBrand').clear()&#xA;    else:                &#xA;        print('this item is new')                &#xA;        self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_hlSaveBrand').click()&#xA;        self.driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_txtBrand').clear()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list is like a magic salute to data structures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3208" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:41:41.140" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:41:41.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5276" CreationDate="2012-11-29T16:22:19.303" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;.  It is based on using screenshot images and works with flash.  I've played with it and think its quite cool, but I've never used it at work.  There is a nice article about using it and setup &lt;a href=&quot;http://technicaltesting.wordpress.com/2012/01/19/using-sikuli-to-test-legacy-flash/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T16:22:19.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4995" CreationDate="2012-11-29T18:33:39.910" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've moving away from RFT (with Java scripting) in our department, for the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Large and slow. RFT takes minutes sometimes to find an object, and generally adds a lot of overhead to our testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object maps cannot be easily maintained or merged. We found that with large enough maps, sometimes it'd just lose an object, and we'd have to re-map it. They're binary, so you can't merge them in source control, meaning conflicts were a major pain. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As we move further away from object maps and &quot;record-and-playback&quot; testing, we found more and more strange bugs (like the JVM segfaulting), library limitations (&quot;RFT just can't interact with this object at all, sorry!&quot;), and performance issues (2-3 minutes to find an object). There's almost no information out there on how to solve these problems, and IBM has been less than responsive. The documentation is a joke -- most of the javadocs are just generic boilerplate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unregistered Object Exceptions. RFT has some kind of internal garbage collection which we had 0 control over; it kept removing references, thus crashing the test the next time we tried to use the object we just found. We never did find a good solution, though we had a handful of tricks we could use to occasionally mitigate the issue. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RFT is incompatible with JUnit, meaning when we now have extensive framework and logic supporting our tests, we can't unit test that logic. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T18:33:39.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5271" CreationDate="2012-11-29T23:14:58.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently enrolled in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/courses/foundations/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BBST Foundations class&lt;/a&gt; through the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Association of Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;. It's a great course on the basics of software testing - oracles, heuristics, impossiblity of complete testing, etc. It's an online class that uses the free materials from Cem Kaner's research published &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/foundations/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. It is an online class but it uses a lot of group work and is quite intense but I'd definitely recommend it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few people from your company could complete the class and then try to train the others in your organization. Even better would be to send a couple people through the class, then have them take the Instructor class so they could better train anyone in your organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for classroom training I'd check out testing conferences like StarEast, StarWest which are put on by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqe.com/Conferences/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Quality Engineering&lt;/a&gt; (they also put on other conferences). I went to StarWest in 2011, took the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/info_rst.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rapid Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; course with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Michael Bolton&lt;/a&gt; and that kickstarted my learning experience. I've since followed it up with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/rapidtestevent.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rapid Testing Intensive&lt;/a&gt; onsite and will be taking the online version in January. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've got a lot of options, my suggestion would be to look around, try some of the training yourself or with one of your testers and then get more people involved. You can create resources within your organization for helping each other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2012-11-29T23:14:58.127" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5255" CreationDate="2012-11-30T03:29:46.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mutation testing has been used in some small systems e.g.: see article &lt;a href=&quot;http://se.kaist.ac.kr/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/An-Intuitive-Approach-to-Determine-Test-Adequacy-in-Safety-critical-Software.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;An intuitive approach to determine test adequacy in safety-critical software&amp;quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Here's the abstract:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Safety-critical software must adhere to stringent quality standards&#xA;and is expected to be thoroughly tested. However, exhaustive testing&#xA;of software is usually impractical. The two main challenges faced by a&#xA;software testing team are generation of effective test cases and&#xA;demonstration of testing adequacy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This paper proposes an intuitive and conservative approach to&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;determine the test adequacy in safety-critical software&lt;/strong&gt;. The approach is demonstrated through a case study: the core temperature&#xA;monitoring system of a nuclear reactor. We combine conservative test&#xA;coverage of unique execution path test cases, and &lt;strong&gt;the results from&#xA;mutation testing to determine the test adequacy&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although mutation testing is a powerful technique, the &lt;strong&gt;difficulty in&#xA;identifying equivalent mutants has limited its practical utility&lt;/strong&gt;. To&#xA;gain confidence on the computed test adequacy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;faults during mutation testing must be induced at all possible execution paths of the code,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;properties of unkilled mutants must be studied, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;all equivalent mutants must be detected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this regard;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;results of static, dynamic and &lt;strong&gt;coverage analysis of the mutants&lt;/strong&gt; is presented, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a &lt;strong&gt;technique to identify the likely equivalent mutants&lt;/strong&gt; is proposed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4465" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T19:15:56.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2012-11-30T11:24:43.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked for a similar company in the past. In my opinion an ideal QA candidate would have a bit of both skills in order to succeed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A person may be technically very sound but what good are the skills if he cannot present the idea to the world when needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In pressure situations people may lose composure and do something unexpected. Testing math and analytic skills does not mean that technical skills won't be tested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree to your manager to some extent, if a person cannot do 2+2 in a normal environment, how can he come up with creative test scenarios when needed? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then again, technical skills are also very important and they cannot be ignored, no matter how big a mathematician the candidate is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4468" LastActivityDate="2012-11-30T11:24:43.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2012-11-30T11:33:31.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would never go for learning the tools before I know the philosophy behind them. The first thing you need to know for getting in to the QA field is to know what is quality and how it is perceived in software world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQA is not just limited to finding and logging defects. It takes a lot of understanding of how a software system is supposed to work. This will enable you to create test cases and test suites. Create automation scripts that contribute towards the goal of the software system itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need strong analytic and communication skills. Given that you have worked in Help desk roles before, communications skills won't be a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Never be dependent on tools, learn techniques. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4468" LastActivityDate="2012-11-30T11:33:31.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="545" CreationDate="2012-11-30T11:37:23.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a few simple words:&#xA;A developer makes a product so that it runs successfully. A tester's job however is to test the software in a way that makes it to fail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4468" LastActivityDate="2012-11-30T11:37:23.903" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2012-11-30T23:33:32.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins job-server&lt;/a&gt; can accomplish much of what you need.  Your tests can be written with anything and then stored in something like a Subversion source control repository.  Then, Jenkins can check out tests and run them based on arguments that you give to the scripts that launch those tests.   Each project could have its own set of multiple tests suites and display its own test set in a separate tab within the Jenkins UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2013-04-29T19:43:55.327" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T19:43:55.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5286" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5289" CreationDate="2012-12-01T12:34:09.320" Score="5" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our system takes an object from external system every time the object gets changed (&lt;em&gt;change event&lt;/em&gt;), processes it and put it back processed into this external system. So, &lt;em&gt;end-to-end testing&lt;/em&gt; is about making a change to an object on one end and watching the result on the other end. If there is a defect, it might be in our system or in other components with which we interact. Before the message arrives to our system, it goes through a number of queues, queue bridges, and a legacy system. After it is processed it is sent to a chain of  Web services that perform additional processing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I find a defect, I start isolating it. Gathering all information is hard because of three issues we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Distributed components, distributed logs.&lt;/em&gt; I record input test data, actual test output and then all intermediate queues messages, and Web service requests/responses. I take them from components' log files. Since messages are distributed between multiple components and machines, I work with an &quot;airplane cockpit&quot; of three LCD monitors: three SSH consoles open and tools for monitoring remote queues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Parallel conversations&lt;/em&gt;. The whole our platform can process a number of messages concurrently, and end-to-end testing environment is shared between many testers so I must instantly monitor what’s going on with my message in the chain. I must not confuse my message with messages of other testers. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Complex interaction protocols&lt;/em&gt;. Interaction protocols between some components are more complex: they include multiple request/response cycles with conditional branches. I must put messages related to a single event in a sequence, to understand what happened after what.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do you handle such problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Share with me or, if you have patience to read more, comment on my solutions ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution ideas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Getting messages in one place.&lt;/em&gt; All components (excluding legacy ones) use &lt;a href=&quot;http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache log4j&lt;/a&gt; for logging messages. It is possible to configure log4j on all machines to sent log entries to a log viewer (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chainsaw_%28log_file_viewer%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache Chainsaw&lt;/a&gt;) on a tester's machine. The limitation is that this solution will not monitor messages that were put by external system on queues, but have not been read by our system yet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Identifying messages for a single event.&lt;/em&gt; An event in our system is a single object change. Each event triggers a conversation in our system thus each conversation can be uniquely identified (e.g., by id of a changed object and the time of change). Including the conversation id in log entries makes filtering/grouping messages by conversation easier. This worked for my small academic project, but might be harder for large system we have here, correct?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ordering messages in a sequence&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Agent_Development_Framework&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JADE&lt;/a&gt; framework provides a sniffer that can &quot;sniff&quot; ongoing conversations and draw a sequence diagram (see image below). This worked&#xA;for components that used the same framework to communicate each other, but our components are heterogeneous (queues, Web services) and use different transport protocols (e.g. HTTP). Is there a tool that can sniff and record such conversations?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rzOZV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:48:09.070" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:48:09.070" Title="Isolating defect in distributed event-driven system" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2462" CreationDate="2012-12-03T08:08:57.100" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The element is nothing but the variable to find the properties of the object so we are using WebElement to find it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement obj = findElement(By.Xpath(&quot;&quot;)).click(); &#xA;obj.sendkeys(&quot;xxxxx&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you guys want to click submit button  you can use code &lt;code&gt;obi.submit()&lt;/code&gt;. This code navigates to the next page. It acts as the button &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4473" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-04T08:05:40.433" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T08:05:40.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5286" CreationDate="2012-12-03T16:00:40.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a common problem for software that spans services across multiple machines.  I think you are on the right track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of your three solutions addresses a different part of the problem.  The conversation ID is the enabler; the other two parts just make things easier.  You will need a way to generate conversation IDs that does not create a synchronization bottleneck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inter-machine clock skew can complicate correlating log entries harder if the ordering of operations is non-deterministic.  I have seen several seconds worth of clock skew between Amazon EC2 instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this approach breaks down anywhere, I suspect it will be when you put your system under heavy load.  You may want to check whether Chainsaw and JADE will scale to your needs.  If you are trying to load-test your system, you may also want to watch out for &quot;Heisenberg effects&quot; caused Chainsaw and any other instrumentation software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-03T17:48:31.763" LastActivityDate="2012-12-03T17:48:31.763" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5286" CreationDate="2012-12-03T17:16:33.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked on a few projects that seem very similar from the description you provide.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that works well that we are doing pretty much everywhere at my current company is storing information about each conversation in a database for the sole purpose of debugging and testing.  This approach did take a little more upfront development cost, and some additional maintenance/server costs, but it pays off big in terms of additional insight for QA, ops and support.  Each of the 3 departments use the data there for tracking and debugging issues with these &quot;conversations&quot;.  Finding information about a particular conversation is as easy as executing a query, and we have tools on top of this data, notably operations uses some queries to determine the state of various services.  It is invaluable and easy to add additional information if we end up needing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In past projects where I did not have such a good infrastructure in place, it definitely was more of a challenge.  We tried to add some additional logging, but it was still a difficult process of looking through logs from multiple locations and correlating the data from those different locations into a &quot;conversation&quot;.  One team I was on did have some success building a custom log parser that parsed logs from various locations and populated a database with information from those various logs, however the ROI from that effort was not nearly as high as my current projects because we were mining this data after the fact instead of building the analytics into our system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be impractical or impossible, but if it is possible, I would highly suggest engaging your development team with the task of better logging and analytics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-12-03T17:16:33.713" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5290" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-03T17:21:04.967" Score="4" ViewCount="693" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm researching which web browser automation tools is most suited to running functional user tests against SharePoint based solutions and potentially MVC based custom web parts at a later date. We are a windows based software house so I need a tool that runs on windows and specifically against Internet Explorer. In addition the tool needs to allow recording and play back of automation tests (again in I.E.) as not all the testing team have script writing experience in the first instance. (although editing of scripts further down the line will occur I'm sure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the tool can integrate with Team Foundation Server and Visual Studio 2010/2012 this would be an advantage with integrating with our existing web load tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any web browser automation tools out there that specifically support SharePoint solutions as a 'primary' feature?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4476" LastActivityDate="2012-12-03T18:05:33.807" Title="Automated Web Testing against Sharepoint solutions in a windows development house" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5290" CreationDate="2012-12-03T18:05:33.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are 2 tools I would suggest.  The first is Selenium, mostly because it is a great tool and used so widely in the industry.  Even if you're only talking about IE, it would still be a good choice and can integrate with TFS and Visual Studio 2010 and 2012 by using MSTEST as the test harness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second suggestion would be Microsoft's automation tool CUIT (Coded UI Tests).  It supports both application as well as web page automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither has specific support for Sharepoint, but you don't need that since Sharepoint like any other web site is just HTML underneath and both tools fully support HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both tools allow you to record and playback as well as modify those recordings after the fact, however I would very strongly suggest reconsidering this.  Recording and playback is a great way to get started and understand how to create basic tests, it is often the first thing I will do if I am working with a new tool that supports it, but that is only as a way to familiarize myself with the tool, and not more than that.  Record and playback is essentially a marketing gimmick for UI automation, plan and simple.  It is literally impossible to maintain that approach even on a small product with little churn without a lot of labor cost and is usually so unreliable that it is hardly worth creating and using the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This post can give you some guidance on how to increase reliability and maintainability of your automation, however it does require some knowledge of scripting or programming: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3798/good-resources-tutorials-tips-for-beginner-doing-automation/3804#3804&quot;&gt;Good resources/tutorials/tips for beginner doing automation?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2012-12-03T18:05:33.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5145" CreationDate="2012-12-03T19:08:36.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The person who has placed you in this role has an obligation to help you be successful.  The path to success in performance testing begins wih a confirmation and firming up of any foundation skills that are soft.  Next comes product training.  After that a period of internship. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools are only 5-12% of the skills you need to have.  Mind you it is a critical 5-12%, but if you lack the foundation skills and guidance provided through the mentoring process then your boss may as well be leading you into a room full of woodworking equipment and expecting a cherry pennsylvania highboy in three weeks when you lack even basic carpentry skills&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2012-12-03T19:08:36.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1052" CreationDate="2012-12-04T10:33:14.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Getting as close as possible to your question &quot;Are code reviews considered part of QA?&quot;, I guess you're trying to identify what team (QA vs Dev) should be responsible for &quot;code reviews&quot;. In my opinion both of them should take care of that issue, but QA should manage the situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Code review&lt;/em&gt;, either as part of a &quot;peer programming&quot; experience  or just as part of the programmer tasks, is definitely a development activity. It is a manual process related with the programming of the functionality requested. It's done over the new/modifed source code, so it has a limited scope during the process. In any case you (QA) don't have any evidence of the work done (reviewed code? results?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Static Code analysis&lt;/em&gt; - full application source code - should be under QA area, as far as this team should be responsible of getting measurements on metrics and monitoring the programming standards compliance. As a result, QA team should produce an action plan for the improvement of metrics and the mitigation of detected violations (next releases development input)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is fully compatible with having the static code analysis integrated with the development environment (continuos integration, for instance). But QA having the lead role to guide the development team:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to produce and to prioritize the action plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to define the quality model&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to manage the quality gate (software certification)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4474" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T10:33:14.770" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2704" CreationDate="2012-12-04T10:46:41.560" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To test Flex applications you need to use a selenium flex testing framework. There are quite a few available such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/flex-ui-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FlexUI&lt;/a&gt;. You can find out about others at this SQA question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1450/flex-test-automation-tools-questions&quot;&gt;Further Detail On Flex Test Frameworks&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4460" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T10:46:41.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5295" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5296" CreationDate="2012-12-04T13:06:20.000" Score="3" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're considering including top n test failing most frequently into smoke test suite. We want to test things that have tendency to break.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we find such tests in &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TeamCity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt; 6?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see no related statistics in UI. Is there a way to access this through DB?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T14:13:36.327" Title="Top n tests failing most frequently in TeamCity" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5295" CreationDate="2012-12-04T14:13:36.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We don't use team city, but this question at stackoverflow seems to be a starting point: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5975527/in-teamcity-is-there-a-way-of-seeing-a-report-of-tests-ordered-by-failed-most-o&quot;&gt;tests failed within 120 hours&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4460" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T14:13:36.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5098" CreationDate="2012-12-04T16:17:31.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The link below has the ER diagram of TEST, TESTCYCL, and CYCLE tables. Also an example to retrieve the status of the tests. That will give you the results of the test that have not run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp-automate.blogspot.co.uk/2010/05/how-to-retrieve-test-sets-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QC Retrieving test status&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4481" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-05T16:57:42.713" LastActivityDate="2012-12-05T16:57:42.713" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3703" CreationDate="2012-12-04T16:19:43.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below link has the query and information to link the test lab and defects. &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp-automate.blogspot.co.uk/2010/05/how-to-retrieve-requirement-test-case.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;how-to-retrieve-requirement-test-case&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4481" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T16:19:43.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5215" CreationDate="2012-12-04T17:16:23.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To perform dynamic analysis (memory leaks...)  you have to execute the program, so I should try to provide a clear description when defining &quot;dynamic testing&quot; as a different aspect than &quot;dynamic analysis&quot; (and not just in a way of &quot;exercising the program&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, the test cases executions (from unit testing to regression system/function test) are used in order to produce the dynamic analysis reports. Not necessary, but let's say a &quot;real world&quot; relationship between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you should try to find a definition that focus on the objetives (results). &quot;Static/dynamic code analysis&quot; are mainly focused on the code violations/pitfalls no matter what functionality is implemented. &quot;Dynamic testing&quot; take care of how functionality (requirements) are implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4474" LastActivityDate="2012-12-04T17:16:23.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5301" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5302" CreationDate="2012-12-05T14:52:00.997" Score="-2" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a class &quot;Data&quot; and a subclass &quot;SubData&quot;. I want to access a method in SubData.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;value = Data.SubData.getValue();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to make sure that Data!=null and also that SubData!=null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would usually do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (Data!=null)&#xA;{&#xA;   if (Data.SubData!=null)&#xA;   {&#xA;       value=Data.SubData.Value();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However when I want to print a message in case of Data or SubData being null, I need to put the message in two places:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (Data!=null)&#xA;{&#xA;   if (Data.SubData!=null)&#xA;   {&#xA;       value=Data.SubData.Value();&#xA;   }&#xA;   else&#xA;   {&#xA;       // MESSAGE&#xA;   }  &#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;    // MESSAGE&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way of having //Message only in one place? Of course I could set a &quot;showMessage flag&quot; to true and then later have the message appear only in one place, but then I would still set the flag in two places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4486" LastActivityDate="2012-12-05T15:08:19.750" Title="Find out if nested class is zero" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2013-03-11T21:06:02.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5301" CreationDate="2012-12-05T15:08:19.750" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could combine the not null tests into one if statement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (Data != null || Data.SubData != null)&#xA;{&#xA;    //Do Whatever&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;    //Message Evaluation Example&#xA;    return Data = null ? &quot;Data is null!&quot; : &quot;Data.SubData is null!&quot;;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above I have made a check on both Data and Data.SubData to ensure they are not null, if they are however I use a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dotnetperls.com/ternary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ternary Operator&lt;/a&gt; to figure out which is null and return the result as a string (don't know what data type you would like to return).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This assumes that both properties will never be null, if they are simply expand the evaluation code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4460" LastActivityDate="2012-12-05T15:08:19.750" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5303" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-06T13:43:21.373" Score="3" ViewCount="432" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got the developer certificate from Apple and running Selenium 2.23.1 jar. I checked out the base code from Selenium website and when I ran the command &quot; go Safari&quot;, I am getting  the following error and would like to know how to resolve this error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Selenium&amp;gt;go safari&#xA;Error occurred during initialization of VM&#xA;Could not reserve enough space for object heap&#xA;Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.&#xA;Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4493" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-06T21:13:13.570" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T17:39:39.213" Title="How to extract the Safari extension from the base code?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="259" CreationDate="2012-12-06T17:22:03.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what corsiKa said, you probably want to run a performance test more than 3 times. If you get one outlier because, say, a disk wasn't ready or some glitch occurred, you'll throw the average off significantly. For my team, when we want to test something like average time to operation completion, we'll run a hundred or so operations the way a user would and average that time. This is easiest if you have things automated, so you can schedule the tests to run for an hour or so at night and have results first thing in the morning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2012-12-06T17:22:03.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5305" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5309" CreationDate="2012-12-06T17:34:21.323" Score="8" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Inspired by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5290/automated-web-testing-against-sharepoint-solutions-in-a-windows-development-hous&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My team is currently doing automated testing via our tool's record-and-playback function. I've read about the benefits of developing a more robust test solution via writing our own scripts, but some of our team members do not come from a programming background and training them can be rather expensive. How can I ease this transition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T13:18:27.123" Title="How can my team move away from record-and-playback when not everyone has scripting experience?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5305" CreationDate="2012-12-06T17:34:21.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are tools out there that abstract away the need for specific coding knowledge in order to develop a script. My team uses a proprietary tool called TMX by Critical Logic, but I've also used Cucumber in the past for this sort of thing. The basic idea is to have one person able to develop and automate scrips while another handles writing the required framework methods to support the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Cucumber, the most the automater would have to write is plain English sentences like &quot;When I press submit, then I should be on the Record Submitted page and I should see my new record in the table&quot;. Meanwhile, another team member handles writing the code that determines what it means to see a record in the table. That way everyone does what they do best. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using TMX, the coders would define specific actions or procedures, each with a block of code attached. The automater then uses the GUI to define the sequence of actions a test will perform and presses &quot;Generate&quot;, which produces a script file all ready to be executed. We use it to produce Java code, with each action being generally one method call against our framework library. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there are more tools out there, but I don't have personal experience with any others. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2012-12-06T17:34:21.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5305" CreationDate="2012-12-06T21:08:04.437" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you have read my answer in the question you linked to it gives some examples of how to simplify your automation code and make it more maintainable and reliable.  Teams I have worked on have often split the work, with more experienced developers working on the page objects and helper functions and less or completely inexperienced QA folks working on the test cases themselves.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a learning curve, but to write a test case in an IDE with intellisense against an existing library of pages and helper functions is actually pretty easy even for a non developer to pick up with a little bit of documentation and training.  I know this because I have had people in that position many times and they have always been able to get up to speed and help contribute to the automation efforts.  As a side benefit, they get exposure to a programming language (at least the basics of it) and from there they can and often do continue to learn and gain more skills over time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Phil mentions, you can even recruit developers to help with the more complex parts of your automation if nobody on your team has the skills necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-12-06T21:08:04.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5305" CreationDate="2012-12-06T22:37:38.570" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The more programming-experienced testers may be able to write a framework that makes programming easier for less programming-experienced testers.  I cannot describe specifics about the framework because it will depend on your own circumstances, but if your testers have experience with programming, they may already understand how that process works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you sure you want everyone on your team to switch to scripting?  And are you sure everyone on your team wants to switch to scripting?  I have never worked on a team where everyone relied on record-and-feedback or, for that matter, on any kind of automation.  Often there are some people who are not a good fit for programming.  Those people can still be effective testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-08T23:38:24.417" LastActivityDate="2012-12-08T23:38:24.417" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5310" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-07T10:56:35.653" Score="2" ViewCount="71259" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is my Selenium Webdriver script. When I run this script my website is opened but the popup window is also opened. How do I close this popup window so the script can continue?  Take a look on screenshot also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.angara;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestAngaraWeb {&#xA;&#xA;   public static void main(String[]args){&#xA;&#xA;      WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;      driver.get(&quot;http://www.angara.com&quot;);&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[6]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/ul/li/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CtCFM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4501" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-27T12:28:17.413" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T18:57:09.963" Title="How to close pop up window in Selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5310" CreationDate="2012-12-07T18:53:47.397" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As user246 commented, you can write a method to locate the 'X' on the popup and click it if found.  Then you can define a custom method to locate an element on the page, something like this (kind of pseudo code):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;myFindElement(String xpath)&#xA;{&#xA;    try{&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(path))&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (ElementNotFoundException e){&#xA;        if !closethepopup(){print ('Element not found')}&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (GeneralException ge){&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within your closethepopup() method, you can choose to add some logic to return false if the popup is not found&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2012-12-07T18:53:47.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4997" CreationDate="2012-12-08T15:22:52.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is No.  There are so-called capture/playback tools that purport to record a browser session and play it back for you automatically.  In practice they are unreliable and/or require manual editing.  This is especially true when the scenarios are long, the user interface is asynchronous, and the target spans multiple browser types/versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-08T15:22:52.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5315" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5324" CreationDate="2012-12-10T07:02:17.720" Score="4" ViewCount="1603" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing mobile application and have one question regarding the offline mode.&#xA;When there is no connection, what should be the right behavior when user press Log out button?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My concern is if the app allows log out then on server this user status will still be logged in, this can cause some miss communicating between app and server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4498" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T01:18:04.950" Title="What is the right behavior when user press Logout button while being offline?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5315" CreationDate="2012-12-10T10:52:27.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi Spid and welcome to SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more of a user experience question than a testing one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expected behaviour from the point of view of a user is exactly what the button states, that logout button should log the user out of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that your user does not have any idea of how the app is built, so they won't, and shouldn't know whether the data is cached locally or being accessed from a server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for client server communication problems, this is exactly what a tester is for, coming up with hypothesises of how the application could become corrupted and test those scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T10:52:27.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4997" CreationDate="2012-12-10T11:02:41.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The approach I would recommend would be to automate your tests using selenium 2, run them in a grid with multiple clients.then leverage the open source testAPI to build an image comparison tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an excellent blogpost about  this technique &lt;a href=&quot;http://trishkhoo.com/2012/04/eliminate-boring-testing-automating-visual-comparison/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-10T15:14:16.353" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T15:14:16.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5315" CreationDate="2012-12-10T13:10:11.823" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you have Requirements that indicate what the behavior should be in this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, then my guess is that after pressing Log Out, the system should behave as it is designed to do in logged-out mode, without regard to online/offline status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &quot;right behavior&quot; is always defined by Requirements, not by guesses. You should bring the subject up with your stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T01:18:04.950" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T01:18:04.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5305" CreationDate="2012-12-10T13:18:27.123" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can incur the expense of training some or all your team members.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can replace some or all of your team members with people who know how to code test scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can split your team into coders and non-coders, and have the coders responsible for developing the test automation scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can develop a test automation framework. Often these invent a lightweight &quot;language&quot; that doesn't require any coding background. This approach usually requires one (or just few) people fluent in the scripting language. Often, the non-coders specify the tests using a simple Excel spreadsheet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can continue with your lighter-weight approach and avoid scripting as much as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On my team, I like to have everyone capable of writing and executing test automation. While we sometimes use recording to form an early draft of our scripts, we then enhance them to be more robust. This requires at least some use of the scripting language itself. With a few experts on the team, the rest can get help as needed to enhance their automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-12-10T13:18:27.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3483" CreationDate="2012-12-11T14:45:48.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is possible you are running an incompatible version of Firefox with your Selenium version. As mentioned in another question you asked, Selenium RC 2.16 is only compatible up to Firefox 11. After that, you need webdriver. Here is a link to that question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3185/firefox-browser-launches-blank-when-the-tests-via-selenium&quot;&gt;Firefox browser launches blank page while running tests via Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-12-11T14:45:48.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5325" CreationDate="2012-12-11T16:46:04.477" Score="3" ViewCount="766" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been given the task of validating that we do not have any http:// URLs in our CSS or HTML documents. I've created a selenium IDE test that looks at src &amp;amp; href attributes as well as script tags for http: but I'm not sure how to test a style sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I'm not trying to test specific selectors, it could be in any attribute in the document.  For instance, a random div tags background: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've thought about putting this in java and attempting to pull resources and parse them, but that seems a bit over the top.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4389" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-11T17:05:58.167" LastActivityDate="2012-12-11T19:34:45.040" Title="How do I test that external CSS does not contain an absolute URL via unit test?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5315" CreationDate="2012-12-11T17:10:51.467" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually this is a good testing question because you are evaluating the client/server functionality between a device and a cloud service, and how the mobile client behaves when it changes from one state (eg logged on in cloud w/connection) to another state (logged on with no connection). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the user is &quot;offline&quot; (e.g. changes to airplane mode) or has lost connection they wouldn't be able to receive any push notification anyway, so the logic/excuse from your developer seems a bit flawed. (&lt;em&gt;Of course this assumes your app is smart enough not to allow the user to log on if there is no network connection available&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many apps that require a 'handshake' with the service will usually display some sort of message indicating that the device is unable to establish a network connection (no cell bars or no wifi) when attempting to perform some action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But,&lt;/strong&gt; if the log out functionality displayed this error message it would leave the client on the device in a funky state (user might think it is still logged in). So, most apps that I have seen will simply return the user to the log in page state of the app when the user presses log out on a mobile device. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In lieu of specs (or even with specs), in general you could look for consistency with how other mobile apps (how do other apps that are similar to yours) handle this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing mobile apps for lost connections is an important aspect of mobile app testing. You should also consider possible scenarios such as temporarily lost connections (eg. 30 seconds, 5 minutes, 6 hours), switching to airplane mode (both cell and wifi off), switching on airplane mode with cell signal (eg CDMA, GSM, etc) off and wifi on, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-12-11T17:10:51.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5322" CreationDate="2012-12-11T17:44:01.710" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can create a regular expression for URLs (you should be able to find a few online), and search for the pattern in your HTML or CSS file.  You just need to read the file in to a String (break it if the file is too long), and try pattern matching.  You can do this without the overhead of Selenium or any other testing tool if you are familiar with either of Perl, Python, Bash, Ruby, etc. or just use Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-11T19:34:45.040" LastActivityDate="2012-12-11T19:34:45.040" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5315" CreationDate="2012-12-11T21:14:31.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have stated, it's hard to really answer your question.  What I would &lt;em&gt;expect&lt;/em&gt; is that some local token (ie: cookie, temporary file) would be removed and you would be asked to login when your connection is returned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for what happens in the UI, outside of what you may already know via your requirements documentation, I would suggest either an error message &quot;Sorry no connection, blah blah&quot; or simply loading the login page.  I'd imagine that would be cached locally anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4520" LastActivityDate="2012-12-11T21:14:31.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2012-12-12T09:24:16.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&lt;/code&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4522" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2012-12-12T15:45:42.960" LastActivityDate="2012-12-12T15:45:42.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5328" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5329" CreationDate="2012-12-12T13:30:50.530" Score="4" ViewCount="8851" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently self-studying software engineering and the theory that guides it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started reading about SRS Document and to clarify the things I downloaded a sample SRS document.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It had something called 'System Environment'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please, in simple words, explain what it is?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4525" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2012-12-12T15:44:41.663" LastActivityDate="2012-12-12T15:44:41.663" Title="What is 'System Environment'?" Tags="&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5328" CreationDate="2012-12-12T14:16:52.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Little.  Without seeing the context, it is hard to know exactly what the document means by &quot;System Environment&quot;.  Generally, it means everything the system interacts with.  For a program running on a single computer, the system environment might include any other programs running on the computer, the operating system, all the computer's configuration settings, and the computer's physical characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a tester's perspective, the system environment includes everything external to the software that might vary from one user to the next, or vary over time.  If the system behaves differently depending on the amount of available memory, that's part of the system environment.  If the system expects a message exchange over the network to finish within a certain amount of time, the network speed/reliability might be part of the system environment.  If the system expects to use a certain amount of disk space, the disk capacity is part of the system environment.  Those are simple examples, but I hope they get the point across.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, a well-written SRS document will define vague terms like system environment.  As a software engineer, if a term is not defined, you are entitled to ask the author to define it for you.  In fact, when you read an SRS, part of your job is to identify ambiguities, mistakes, or conflicts that might lead to misunderstandings between you and the party who wants the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Edit after seeing the document in question)&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the context of your document, the system environment is the set of things that the system &lt;em&gt;interacts with&lt;/em&gt; rather than the things the system &lt;em&gt;depends on&lt;/em&gt;.  In your case, the system interacts with a set of people in different roles and an external system.  The roles are relevant because each role interacts with the system in a different way.  In your document, the roles are Author, Reader, Reviewer, and Editor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-12T14:53:34.280" LastActivityDate="2012-12-12T14:53:34.280" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5330" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5402" CreationDate="2012-12-12T17:55:13.070" Score="19" ViewCount="130482" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Webdriver with JUnit by going through Alan Richardson's &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumsimplified.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Simplified&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; book and taking translating the exercises/tests from Selenium RC to Webdriver. So far, this has proven to be an excellent learning experience. But recently I have hit an issue, and cannot solve it despite extensive searching. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Selenium RC there is a &lt;code&gt;selenium.check&lt;/code&gt; command which will check a box if it is empty, or leave it if it is already checked. For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.check(&quot;//input[@name=’checkboxes[]’ and @value=’cb3’]&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go to the target website (&lt;a href=&quot;http://compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/basic_html_form.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/basic_html_form.html&lt;/a&gt;) you will see there are three check boxes, one of which is checked. I have written some pseudo-code but just can't get into making it work. Here is the pseudo-code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;isChecked = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='checkbox']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;if (isChecked = false) {&#xA;    check the box;&#xA;} else {&#xA;    do nothing;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the boolean &lt;code&gt;isSelected()&lt;/code&gt; should feature, but I don't know where to go beyond that. All my research has returned partial solutions, but nothing that gets close enough for me to take a leap of faith at the solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T01:15:36.063" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T11:22:00.803" Title="Webdriver Check if Checkbox is Set and Set it if Not" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5330" CreationDate="2012-12-12T20:09:41.867" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should be as easy as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='checkbox']&quot;));&#xA;if (!element.Selected)&#xA;{&#xA;    element.Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-12-12T20:09:41.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5332" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5334" CreationDate="2012-12-12T20:26:19.887" Score="5" ViewCount="1602" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work on a team which is basically all backend.  Functional and unit testing is achieved by python or perl scripts or sometimes bash scripts.  But if we need to load or performance test our applications, we currently have a few scripts that generate linear load and we write some scripts that would print out some stuff to console e.g., a script will generate 1000 emails queued for a certain daemon and a couple of scripts will output process snapshot (ps), memory usage, etc. to the console and we monitor those.  We can obviously write a multi-threaded script specific to each load test and something that will monitor results but that would be a very specific approach and would require us to do that for each test.  Basically the reasons to use a generic tool that can be tailored for specific use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am looking for and unable to find so far, is a backend tool that will help us generate load with multiple threads and can be used to collect console output and aggregate it over time to generate a tabular or a graphical result to be analyzed.  There are a lot of tools available for web testing, but I am looking for something similar for backend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We work with Perl and Python, so that is a critical part.  And we are mostly working on linux or a mac.  Also preferred is a open source solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2012-12-12T23:40:55.193" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T02:48:50.663" Title="Load / Performance testing tools or approach for backend" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5332" CreationDate="2012-12-12T20:52:29.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio's load testing can do what you are asking.  It requires a license for Visual Studio Ultimate.  Even though it is geared towards web testing, it can actually execute any unit test as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way it works is you create a LoadTest and that LoadTest can execute any number of scenarios and each scenario can execute any number of tests.  At the Scenario level you can specify how many threads you want to use to execute the tests and how you want to execute the tests (randomly pick them, run them in order, specify percentages - i.e. Test1 runs 5% of the time, Test2 runs 95%).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to generate a lot of load (more than you could generate from a single client) you can set up a controller and multiple agents to spread the tests out over multiple clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the run is over it also will produce pretty graphs, charts and summary and allows you to export to excel where you can create additional pivot tables and charts if you want to.  If the servers are windows servers you can also monitor performance counters very easily on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-12-12T20:52:29.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5332" CreationDate="2012-12-13T02:48:50.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that you're primary Linux and prefer OSS, have you tried solutions such as soap/loadUI or JMeter.  I know that there's some features of soapUI that require a professional license, but, it is reasonable for most companies.  One of the features with this that I believe would suit you well would be the ability to call specific tests/suites from command line.  For this, you wouldn't really need to modify the code behind the tool so much as set up your scripts and call them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also stumbled on this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2604747/website-stress-test-in-python-django&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt; from SO that lists a few python solutions that I've heard of, but never tried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to monitor stats from your servers, is there a specific OS that you're using?  Do you already have any tools that are maybe running on your production servers that do this that you could also use on your non-production servers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T02:48:50.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-13T09:45:40.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;MonkeyTalk v1.0.24 (which is previously Fone Monkey) is now available for download, with support for iOS 6 and Android 4.2...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You guys should definitely check it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4498" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T09:45:40.273" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-13T09:45:40.273" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5336" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5338" CreationDate="2012-12-13T10:51:20.427" Score="6" ViewCount="5661" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our application is location based. We have tested its main functionality, (using mock locations) and now it is time to test how it reacts on real cases using GPS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what are the main limitations and considerations that we should focus on?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What is the best way to test a location based app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions will be very appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4521" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T12:14:45.537" Title="How to test a location based application" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5336" CreationDate="2012-12-13T11:37:46.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key to testing is ability to &lt;em&gt;reproduce&lt;/em&gt;, so if you're using the &lt;em&gt;real&lt;/em&gt; GPS module, you will obviously have several problems that are not solvable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The same tests would pass or fail on &lt;strong&gt;different&lt;/strong&gt; computers, which completely invalidates all tests;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The same test may pass or fail even on the &lt;strong&gt;same&lt;/strong&gt; computer, due to minor deviation of GPS co-ordinates returned for several sequential tests;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, you can't afford using a &lt;strong&gt;real&lt;/strong&gt; GPS module for testing purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common pattern is creating a mock module, also called &lt;strong&gt;emulator&lt;/strong&gt;. It will have exactly the same API as your real GPS module has, but will also have an extra API for manipulation of mock results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T11:37:46.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5336" CreationDate="2012-12-13T12:14:45.537" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some ideas for the GPS part, based on my experience testing GPS's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do field tests, and choose you locations wisely- from totally open skies to crowded tall buildings with limited to no GPS reception, from standing still to driving slow and fast, change heights during the tests (GPS is less accurate in reporting heights), choose different times of day, weather conditions and locations on earth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;GPS results are not an X,Y (Z) location, they are a confidence ellipse with you in the middle. What most people call &quot;GPS&quot; is the software using those results smoothing them so they can be used. What's it got to do with testing ? a lot, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will you treat a position with high uncertainty (you are here, or a mile away...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will you treat a &quot;moving&quot; position which is really a stationary one (&lt;a href=&quot;http://kyan.com/blog/2008/8/21/gps-coordinates-where-i-was&quot;&gt;see this example&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test around the device's power up time, especially for a device that was powered off for days and/or with no internet connectivity.For a GPS to be accurate it needs to download certain parameters from the satellite (ephemeris, Almanac), this is sometimes done by contacting a dedicated server (assisted GPS). Those parameters become outdated after a few hours/days/days.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use different device settings, and different devices&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;depending on you budget you can use a GPS simulator (buying a new one is in the 100K$ area)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T12:14:45.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-13T14:25:22.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another tool that you could use is &lt;a href=&quot;http://html.adobe.com/edge/inspect/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adobe Edge Inspect&lt;/a&gt;. From the information on the website, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adobe Edge Inspect is a workflow and preview tool for testing and simulating across multiple mobile web browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastActivityDate="2012-12-13T14:25:22.453" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-13T14:25:22.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-13T23:29:19.630" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal experience is with testing iOS devices so I can only refer to those. Your question is broken up into three separate parts so I will answer each of those in turn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm thinking along the lines of a Firebug for the&#xA;  iPhone/iPad/Android/BB that can truly give more insight on the&#xA;  markup/scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is supported in iOS6  by enabling the &quot;develop&quot; mode on your phone. Under Settings &gt; Safari &gt; Advanced you need to set Web Inspector to on. You can then connect your phone to your mac, open safari and the web inspector that you access via the &quot;develop&quot; menu will show allow you to have similar functionality to firebug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Even when testing on the simulator/device, it's hard to truly simulate&#xA;  the exact rendering of the mobile browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This statement is not correct. When you are testing on the device, by definition it HAS to be the exact rendering. In the iOS simulator, you are running the exact code that is running on the device, and, retina displays aside, the rendering is 100% accurate also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I know that browsers such as Safari and Firefox can simulate it via&#xA;  changing User-Agents but that's not a true simulation of the actual&#xA;  mobile browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is correct. Firefox does not use Webkit as it's rendering engine, so changing the user agent will not show you how it looks on the mobile device. Whilst that is also true for the other Webkit based browsers (Safari and Chrome), they are usually pretty close. I would personally however just use the simulator. (That was not a viable option in the days before the AppStore where there was no iOS simulator, and we were all developing iPhone &quot;web apps&quot;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T08:30:46.557" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T08:30:46.557" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-13T23:29:19.630" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5347" CreationDate="2012-12-14T00:58:53.103" Score="4" ViewCount="2685" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team is testing some products where we have forgone SQL as the back-end.  This means that we have stopped executing any security tests around SQL injection.  I have this nagging suspicion that while SQL injection is not possible, that other similar injection attacks specific to these other technologies could be possible, but I have not had much time myself to put into researching those.  The two non SQL solutions that we are using specifically are HBase(on top of Hadoop) and Cassandra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any good ideas around how to test this or has anyone found any good reading, examples or approaches to discovering and testing these potential attacks?  Alternatively any reading or explanation that could put my mind at ease and convince me these attacks aren't possible?  I have searched a bit and had no luck finding any useful information on the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-12-14T12:32:24.190" Title="How do I test injection attacks similar to SQL injection for non sql solutions, or do I?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;sql-injection&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5343" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-14T02:06:54.307" Score="0" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am going to adopt TDD in our team and one of the ideas I have is to review tests first. So one would write interfaces, mocks, and tests first, submit them for a code review and once interfaces and tests (think specification) are approved an actual implementation can be written (theoretically, can be done by another developer). I wonder how viable this idea is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4533" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-14T13:43:35.667" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T20:22:37.957" Title="Reviewing unit tests before implementation" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5342" CreationDate="2012-12-14T03:40:31.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nosql.mypopescu.com/post/15308448223/nosql-databases-and-security-cassandra-and-mongodb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; will not put your mind at ease but might be a starting off point for you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;( google Cassandra security for more ideas  )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-12-14T03:40:31.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5343" CreationDate="2012-12-14T03:43:16.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Doesn't TDD mean the developer has the design suggested to him as he codes the tests rather than being handed a spec to write code to ? Don't you then also miss the dev having the conversation with the customer to understand their needs ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-12-14T03:43:16.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5343" CreationDate="2012-12-14T10:01:11.063" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Three Laws of TDD&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;You are not allowed to write any production code until you have&#xA;  first written a failing unit test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;You are not allowed to write more of a unit test than is sufficient&#xA;  to fail—and not compiling is failing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;You are not allowed to write more production code that is sufficient&#xA;  to pass the currently failing unit test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...These three laws lock you into a cycle that is, perhaps, thirty seconds long....Round and round the cycle you go. Adding a bit to the test code. Adding a bit to the production code. The two code streams grow simultaneously into complementary components. The tests fit the production code like an antibody fits an antigen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bit.ly/Z4YFtZ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source: The Clean Coder: A Code Of Conduct for Professional Programmers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this suggests that actually you shouldn't be spending time reviewing unit test code on an individual level, as there wouldn't be enough flexibility or speed in that approach to gain any of the benefit. It should be a fast process of multiple iterations. Theses iterations inform the programmer as they are writing code about the changes they are making, improving the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead review unit tests and final code submissions together. So long as the programmer understands the requirements correctly this should allow you to still have reviews (as you should of course) but keeping the advantages of TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4460" LastEditorUserId="4460" LastEditDate="2012-12-16T11:52:04.650" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T11:52:04.650" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5342" CreationDate="2012-12-14T12:32:24.190" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Injection Attacks can be thought of as a generalized version of SQL Injection Attacks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any attack which uses techniques similar to SQL injection to insert characters in the front end to invoke unexpected actions on the back end can be thought of as an Injection Attack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider what kinds of escape characters, improper type handling, etc could make their way to your back end if not properly filtered. Once the back end parses the query, bad thinks could happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.db.cassandra.user/17844&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.db.cassandra.user/17844&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-12-14T12:32:24.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5343" CreationDate="2012-12-14T19:38:55.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Tom's answer explains why TDD doesn't work well with reviewing &lt;em&gt;unit&lt;/em&gt; tests ahead of time; unit tests become part of the implementation process in TDD, and are part of a tight cycle between testing and implementation.  In other words, you can't write unit tests before coding if you are using TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reviewing Cucumber-style acceptance tests, however, makes sense before implementation starts.  The purpose of these tests is to make sure that the customer / business owner and the developer are on the same page, and that should happen before implementation.  Defining interfaces and reviewing them might also make sense, especially if two teams working in parallel. These should be relatively easy sells to the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be hesitant to design mocks ahead of time as well, as they will naturally be developed during TDD (if TDD is done right); however, doing mocks ahead of time could be useful for encouraging code reuse, so it's not a bad idea - just might not be worth the process pain. Developing mocks ahead of time could get some push-back from the dev team, if they don't fully grasp why they would be useful. I'd personally try this with just the acceptance tests and interfaces first, and then see if the team felt that adding mocks to the up-front requirements would help.  This might mean more pain up-front if testers rely on developers to write mocks and devs aren't doing it, but I suspect it will result in more buy-in in the end.  Also, you might find that good mocks are a natural result of TDD, and your testers are getting mocks without having to really push devs to create them.  If it's the devs writing the mocks that are pushing for them to be developed first, then you already have buy-in and should give it a try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, I'd be sure to get team buy-in on any up-front requirements. If the team doesn't want to do the work or believe that it might help, it won't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2012-12-14T19:38:55.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5349" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5351" CreationDate="2012-12-15T14:45:45.607" Score="4" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a defect in manual end-to-end tests. We were able with developers to isolate the possible root cause in one of the components. We wrote a unit test that reproduces the defect at unit level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verifying the fix will be as simple re-running the unit test. Or should I also repeat end-to-end test to get more confidence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the question lacks the context, but I would like to learn what factors are that I consider when planning what and how to re-test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:47:40.647" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:47:40.647" Title="Should I re-test fix at system level when the issue is at unit level?" Tags="&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1610" CreationDate="2012-12-15T15:33:06.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the section &quot;Where to draw the line?&quot; of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tejasconsulting.com/papers/bug-isolation-pnsqc-2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;How to Make your Bugs Lonely: Tips on Bug Isolation&quot;&lt;/a&gt; the author says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is no clear dividing line between the bug isolation and&#xA;  reporting that the tester does and the debugging that the programmer&#xA;  does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The authors lists then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;factors in favor of having testers put significant effort into isolating the bugs they report, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;factors that could indicate that it's best to put most of the weight of bug isolation on the programmers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, as a tester, particularly agree that &quot;testers may have access to more resources, such as staff and lab equipment, than the programmers&quot;. In our project, devs often work more on component level. At the same time testers tend to know more about points of integration of our system with other systems and about operational environment, because they participate more in end-to-end testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-26T21:22:49.803" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T21:22:49.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5349" CreationDate="2012-12-15T17:20:14.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of course a passing unit test does not guarantee a functioning system.  A buggy unit test could produce a false negative.  The system could also use the component in a way the unit test does not, e.g. in a way the component author did not anticipate, or in a way the unit test author did not anticipate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also think about this in terms of the conditions that are necessary and sufficient to cause the system problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neither necessary nor sufficient&lt;/strong&gt;: the component bug may be real but it has nothing to do with the system problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Necessary but insufficient&lt;/strong&gt;: the system problem is a result of a confluence of bugs, but fixing this bug eliminates the system problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sufficient but unnecessary&lt;/strong&gt;: several bugs cause the problem; fixing this bug  reduces the system problem's frequency but does not eliminate it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Necessary and sufficient&lt;/strong&gt;: the component bug -- and no others -- causes the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some conditions that motivate me toward additional testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer writes a lot of bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer is not familiar with the component, e.g. the component author is unavailable to fix it themselves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer had to fix the bug under difficult schedule.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The component has had a lot of bugs, e.g. because it is complicated and &quot;hard to get right&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the component breaks, the impact on the customer is significant (e.g. the wrong amount of money is deducted from their paycheck; the wrong data is deleted; the site is no longer secure enough)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversely, here are some conditions that make me comfortable with stopping at the unit test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer is familiar with the component and their code tends to work the first time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The component touches (or is used by) only a small number of places in the system, and I am comfortable that the unit test models how the system behaves in those places.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing I try to remember is that while we would like our testing process to be perfect, mistakes will happen.  The important thing is to be honest about your mistakes, try to understand what went wrong, and adjust your process accordingly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-16T16:16:11.367" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T16:16:11.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5349" CreationDate="2012-12-15T17:31:40.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every fix should be analyzed separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to ask yourself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I verify that this bug has actually been fixed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I verify that this fix hasn't introduced new issues or side-effects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What other tests does this fix suggest I should perform?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, a very isolated bug requires only an isolated test for verification. And sometimes a fix requires an entire system re-test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-12-15T17:31:40.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5349" CreationDate="2012-12-15T21:11:16.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to explore two areas:  Scope and terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are systems at (at least) two different scopes here:  The end-to-end system and the unit, which is also a system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I'm analyzing a &quot;defect,&quot; I like to think in terms of three parts:  Failure, fault, and conditions.  The &lt;em&gt;failure&lt;/em&gt; is the system's production of incorrect results.  The &lt;em&gt;fault&lt;/em&gt; is the erroneous element of the system that, under certain conditions, leads to the failure.  Though the fault is always there in the system, I may or may not observe a failure, depending on the &lt;em&gt;conditions&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that, I would say you have not reproduced &quot;the defect&quot; in a unit test.  That is, you have not reproduced the same failure.  You have (perhaps) isolated the fault, and you have produced a &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; failure: a failure at the scope of the unit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No unit test can verify end-to-end behavior.  A unit test may give you &lt;em&gt;confidence&lt;/em&gt; in the end-to-end behavior, but &lt;strong&gt;your confidence comes from inference, not observation.&lt;/strong&gt;  And your inference is based on your mental model of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the wisdom of relying only on the unit test rests on a few questions:  How good is your mental model of the system?  How valid is your reasoning, given your model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If people are talking about &quot;the same defect&quot; at different scopes, that tells me they have a distorted model of the system.  In particular, their model does not distinguish between a unit failure and an end-to-end system failure.  I would be skeptical of any inferences people make based on a model that is distorted in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2012-12-15T21:11:16.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5354" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5356" CreationDate="2012-12-16T00:10:38.250" Score="2" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a Product Manager, not ideally tasked with but enjoying directly managing a new SQA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AdHoc testing has covered a lot of quick ground, but I think it's now time to implement better exploratory, functional and usability testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do so, I feel the need to have functional specifications for each module of our website. We are launching a new version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://exploretalent.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ExploreTalent.com&lt;/a&gt; and so I'm aiming to have an idle SQA Engineer map all functionality per module for the old site to use in testing for the new site. The new site has not introduced more features, per se, but URL structure and navigation has been altered, meaning there are differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone has been through a similar experience or could point me towards some suitable templates / guides and offer their advice, I'd appreciate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4281" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T14:21:52.003" Title="What kind of documentation do I need for testing new site against old?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2440" CreationDate="2012-12-16T10:02:33.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to address one your questions that got less attention:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What about more practical advice on how you might start applying&#xA;  different systems concepts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;System thinking can be useful for everyday tasks of a tester: &lt;em&gt;planning tests&lt;/em&gt; (What to test and how to test?), &lt;em&gt;isolating defects&lt;/em&gt; (Where the root cause sits?), and &lt;em&gt;verifying fixes&lt;/em&gt; (What could have been impacted by fix? Will I get enough confidence if I only test this?). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know any specific book that would address those tasks from system thinking perspective. However, from my experience understanding how behavior of the system emerges from behaviors of its components and subsystems helps. You can synthesize this knowledge by analyzing &lt;em&gt;system architecture&lt;/em&gt; and by analyzing how &lt;em&gt;users interact with the system&lt;/em&gt; (users are a part of the system!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understanding system architecture&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book that would help learning system thinking would be about software architecture in general and about particular technologies in particular. Asking questions to developers, architects and ops about the system can help, too. To get a complete picture of the system I often ask the questions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How those component interact together?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are relations between different layers of the system? Is X accessing DB directly or through some facade, Web service or queue?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How tightly are they coupled? By interfaces, format? Do they interact synchronously or asynchronously?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the data flow in the system?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If an error occurs here, will it impact that? How errors get propagated in the system?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are those libraries shared between different components? Could replacing this library have caused this defect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the relation between OS and our system? Let us say you're porting your application from 64bit to 32bit system. What features of 64bit OS/VM we use now that will require verification?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How tightly are we coupled with this DBMS? Do we use any specific features of Oracle that are not supported by MSSQL?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How those German label/regional setting files are used? Are they stored on the front-end or on the back-end? If I change them, will a user see the change immediately, or maybe content is somewhere cached?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is application stateful? What changes the state of the application? Does application behaves differently depending on its state? Is state the same for the whole application or specific per user/session?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Users are part of the system&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talking to your business analytic and existing users can help understand their relation with the system. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How may users can use this functionality at the same time? Can they interfere each other?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do users get notification immediately, or some other process or process is involved in chain? Can it block the system?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the relation between resource permissions and user privileges? Maybe she cannot see it because she was not authorized to see it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who are the users of this functionality? Technical people?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-16T10:59:42.190" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T10:59:42.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5354" CreationDate="2012-12-16T14:21:52.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comparing old versus new is often quite a testing challenge, particularly without deep documentation. The basic, obvious parts will likely be fine. But the edge cases, the hidden dependencies, the more subtle parts, and the fixes and patches applied to the old system over the years, all can easily get lost in the transition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A full Functional Spec would go a long way here. But having an idle QAer whip one up would only work well if that person has deep domain knowledge of the existing system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the current system have &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; documentation? Any automated regression tests? All input like these can help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have domain experts you can call on to review documentation, contribute additions, and help with the testing? That would be useful, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plan a significant period of parallel testing if you can, where all input to the old system gets put into the new system. And plan a significant Beta Testing period too, if you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck with your challenge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T14:21:52.003" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5343" CreationDate="2012-12-16T20:22:37.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hate such persons that says &quot;This is not a Scrum&quot;, when they were asked &quot;Hey, we have a scrum without stand-ups, so how could we do [something]&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going be such a nasty person when I say &quot;That is not a TDD what you have described&quot;. The TDD has some strict rules, but is it really a big reason to follow them all? I think – no. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nutel, the idea you presented is viable, but it depends how you will implement it. You should not be restricted to when to write the unit tests: before or after the production code. Maybe it would be better to start from integration tests? Or from the system integration or acceptance tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, maybe you do not need the tests at all, and it would be better to run the design workshops and just to discuss better what we need from the new functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on situation on you project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T20:22:37.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5349" CreationDate="2012-12-16T20:36:17.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My point is: &quot;Do not trust the developers&quot;. They are not lying.  But they &lt;strong&gt;believe&lt;/strong&gt; they are right, even when they are wrong. And most developers tries to find the easiest way to fix the issue without looking around for another issues that may be introduced during the fix. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may execute the unit-tests to see if there are no problems, but if the problem is found during system workflow---you must retest it with the same workflow. Just because the new bugs may appear after the fix, or the fix was wrong even if the unit test passes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-16T23:32:05.643" LastActivityDate="2012-12-16T23:32:05.643" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5359" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5362" CreationDate="2012-12-17T01:15:14.020" Score="4" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have inherited a web application that has no useful requirements/specifications, and no tests. The page that I am currently looking at sets the configuration options for the application and consists of 46 options. Testing validations, minimum/maximum/default values etc for each field would suggest that this one page would require several hundred tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you approach breaking this down into something more manageable? One test case with a huge table of inputs and expected results? Hundreds of test cases? Something in between? Especially if most of the testing is going to be manual to start with.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: following user246's response, here's a little more information, which otherwise would take up too much space as a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;user246's assumption is correct - I am currently trying to work out how to document and execute the tests, rather than how to automate them, although that would, of course, be the ultimate goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application itself is quite old, written with ASP.NET WebForms and uses the DevExpress control libraries, so the validation routines ought to be consistent, assuming that they have been configured properly by the developers. The application and the DX controls do not lend themselves to easily automated tests (I've tried Watin and Selenium without a great deal of success).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm still trying to figure out where the interactions are - the UI certainly does not expose any connection between form fields, in fact, the configuration fields appear pretty much in the order that they were added to the form - not much indication of any design/planning at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4499" LastEditorUserId="17517" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T11:14:29.587" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T11:14:29.587" Title="Where to start when testing web pages with large number of options" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5359" CreationDate="2012-12-17T02:03:54.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, David.  I suspect many of us have been in the same position -- I certainly have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You did not ask for advice on what to automate, so I assume you are mostly interested in how to document and execute a test of so many options.  One way to reduce the effort is to investigate how the 46 options are implemented.  The more code they share, the easier the test effort could be.  For example, if each option has a minimum and maximum numeric value, and the same piece of code performs range checking on all of the options, you may not need to test the range checking logic for every option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as documenting is concerned, I would aim for eliminating as much boilerplate as possible -- as you put it, you should aim for &quot;a huge table of inputs and expected results&quot;.  If a set of options are of the same type, you should describe the process for testing that kind of option exactly once and then perhaps enumerate the options of that type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I noticed you did not mention any tests of interactions between options.  If you need to look for bugs that only arise when certain combinations of values occur, your testing problem becomes much bigger.  Luckily, there are ways to deal with combinatorial testing problems; see for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3818/techniques-for-test-selection-give-a-large-suite-of-test-cases&quot;&gt;Techniques for test selection, give a large suite of test cases&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T18:23:13.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5359" CreationDate="2012-12-17T04:20:58.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you know how your users are using it ? Can you get real live data to see if all those options are used or is the Pareto number in affect where 80% of the users are using 20% of the options ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is your testing objective  - why are you being asked to do it ? Is it live and buggy ? Are enhancements being made ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it generally solid or flaky ? Do some exploratory test sessions and find out.&#xA;Do you have to go the test case route or could you set up a number of charters and test this way ( do you know about charters ? )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T04:20:58.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5359" CreationDate="2012-12-17T07:07:22.193" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;David,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've thought about this exact question quite a lot and I'm optimistic that I'd be able to help share some tips that you'd find useful. Unfortunately, explanations in a few paragraphs may not be sufficient to answer your question in detail.  I'd be happy to talk by Skype today if you want to talk; I'll send you my Skype details via LinkedIn. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you're describing is a combinatorial explosion; when the configuration settings and user actions and data entered etc. makes it impossible to test everything, how can you be smart about selecting a subset of tests that will test the SUT as thoroughly as possible in a limited number of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is quite similar (whether it first appears to be similar or not) to the general type of combinatorial explosion faced by the testers who tested Google Maps.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An abbreviated version of a suggested approach that has worked for many teams (for web testing or virtually any kind of testing for that matter) is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While you are exploring the system and testing it out to find &quot;where the weak points are,&quot; you will probably find it useful to vary things as much as possible, repeat your actions as little as possible.  Those points are true whether you're doing relatively informal lightly documented Exploratory Testing or more heavily documented test scripts.  It addition, since a large percentage of defects can be triggered by the interaction of just two test inputs, it would be nice, if you had time, to test every single possible combination involving two test inputs; that's the rationale behind &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/combinatorial-and-pairwise-testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;allpairs, pairwise and orthogonal array-based test case prioritization methods&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd highly suggest looking at the Google Maps test plan example found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://app.hexawise.com/share/94JBFALL&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://app.hexawise.com/share/94JBFALL&lt;/a&gt; and then taking a crack at designing a similar set of draft tests for your SUT.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4hgbV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The draft tests you'd create would be good but imperfect.  They'd cover a lot in a relatively few tests but you would be well advised to add other types of tests rather than rely on any one particular testing strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, a login to our test design tool is required to look at that Google Maps example in detail.  Accordingly, I've created a free account for you at david.keaveny@stackexchange.com (I know it's not your real address, but I had to use something).  I've sent you the password to your account to you via LinkedIn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To recreate a similar - very early draft - plan for yourself, I'd suggest going through the following steps to put together a relatively small number of highly informative end-to-end-ish tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask WHAT can change as users go through the system? Think about configuration settings, user actions, data formats, data ranges, etc. even throw in more &quot;creative&quot; ideas like user personas.  Let your creativity and common sense guide you.  Enter those in as Parameters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask HOW those parameters can change? (for the Parameter &quot;Browser&quot; enter IE7, IE8, FF, etc.)  Put those in as Values under each parameter (entering constraints as required)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask does that variation MATTER?  (e.g., use Equivalence Classes and be biased towards fewer Values vs. more - at least for your early draft tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask what SPECIAL paths thorough the system do you want to be sure to include? (Most common happy path, paths to trigger certain business rules, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click the Create Tests button and you'll instantly get a very nice DRAFT starter set of highly varied tests.  If they look like they're relatively interesting and don't miss hugely important things, start informally executing them and you'll be sure to learn some more things as you do about the system's weak points that would result in you going back to those DRAFT tests and iterating them to make them stronger and cover more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is unfortunately a rather &quot;abstracted&quot; example, devoid of a practical example in this text.  A couple examples that might make this approach a little more &quot;real&quot; can be found at &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/case-studies/mortgage&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hexawise.com/case-studies/insurance&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/case-studies/mortgage&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://hexawise.com/case-studies/mortgage&lt;/a&gt; If it has captured your interest and you'd like to talk more, I'd be happy to explain how you could try to apply this approach to your specific SUT if you'd be interested.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.  Again, though, it may leave you with more questions than answers.  I'd be happy to talk by Skype if you'd find it useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Justin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T07:07:22.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5349" CreationDate="2012-12-17T07:51:08.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &amp;gt; Should I re-test fix at system level when the issue is at unit level?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unittest only garantees that one &lt;em&gt;possible root cause&lt;/em&gt; was fixed but it does not garantee that this was the only reason for failiure. Therefore I would repeat the system-level test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T07:51:08.493" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5364" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-17T09:20:00.333" Score="5" ViewCount="1117" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://watirwebdriver.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Watir WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; in conjunction with Java? I have to execute some Java methods for dealing with data in DB in order to simulate different situations and test website UI using watir-webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read about JRuby, but could not find anything about whether it works with Watir WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share your experience!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1187" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-17T16:34:48.063" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T22:22:27.893" Title="Watir WebDriver in conjunction with Java" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-03-11T18:23:04.133" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5365" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-17T09:38:34.330" Score="3" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am assuming the product owner role during our Scrums and we have just completed our Sprint 0.  Now that we have developed a detailed backlog of user stories with acceptance criteria for each story, my question is &quot;what is the best practice&quot; for writing a 'general acceptance criteria' to be added to a contract.  For example, site loading speed, search speed, architecture, etc.  What do you think would be a 'must' add to any contract.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4540" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T20:44:51.173" Title="Writing general requirements for accepting outsourced work on a web app project" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5366" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5403" CreationDate="2012-12-17T10:31:26.337" Score="2" ViewCount="2416" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Quality Center 10.00 Enterprise edition and I should have admin rights to my current project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to create a template for new defects, but can't find &lt;strong&gt;where&lt;/strong&gt; to write the template script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found &lt;a href=&quot;http://h30499.www3.hp.com/t5/Quality-Center-Support-and-News/Define-template-for-defect/td-p/4753307&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this person&lt;/a&gt;, that had the same problem, but the answers doesn't state where to write the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastEditorUserId="2952" LastEditDate="2012-12-20T13:20:38.283" LastActivityDate="2012-12-21T14:55:15.973" Title="Create defect template in Quality Center" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5368" CreationDate="2012-12-17T11:38:03.560" Score="2" ViewCount="2353" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company has started developing a new big web application. In a few months we testers will start integration testing, functional testing and regression testing both manual and automatic.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am concerned about performance. As far as I know, no one will perform such testing. Actual wide-used web-apps have some bottlenecks, taking 30 to 120 seconds to load the heaviest pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When is the best time to start doing some performance testing, focusing just on the more important and/or more used pages?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My goal is to avoid letting the new web-app grow into a huge and slow resource monster that even timeouts automated testing, but I don't want to force any kind of premature optimization or putting pressure on the dev-team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a second question, how can I convince my boss that (I believe) a little performance testing is needed, since some actual projects are slow as hell? And, from a QA perspective, those load times are index of poor quality and poor service offered?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2847" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T18:12:20.080" Title="When should I start doing performance testing of a web-app?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5367" CreationDate="2012-12-17T12:06:00.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer to this question is obvious: it depends. &#xA;As an example, the customer complained on that the report generation pages takes a lot of time ~ 4 minutes to generate the report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our developers were not able to fix the performance without rewriting the legacy code from scratch. So they just added “ajax-like” loading indicator. Well… our customers were happy with this solution. And they become more happy when we added the “scheduled reports” feature that may run the reports in background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other pages has about 30 sec to 2 min load time, and it is still slow. But nobody cares, the customers are happy, the loading indicator fixed everything. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other cases, like Amazon or Google the performance matters. &#xA;Please take a look on this presentation from OreDev:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://oredev.org/2012/sessions/web-performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Web Performance (Honey Badger)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T12:06:00.633" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5364" CreationDate="2012-12-17T12:55:36.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of searching if Watir works on JRuby, you could have just tried it, like I did:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ ruby -v&#xA;jruby 1.7.1 (1.9.3p327) 2012-12-03 30a153b on Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 1.6.0_37-b06-434-11M3909 [darwin-x86_64]&#xA;&#xA;$ gem install watir&#xA;...&#xA;Successfully installed watir-4.0.2&#xA;&#xA;$ irb&#xA;&#xA;&amp;gt; require &quot;watir&quot;&#xA;=&amp;gt; true&#xA;&#xA;&amp;gt; browser = Watir::Browser.new :firefox&#xA;=&amp;gt; #&amp;lt;Watir::Browser:0x4fcd5906 url=&quot;about:blank&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;gt; browser.goto &quot;google.com&quot;&#xA;=&amp;gt; &quot;http://www.google.hr/&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case it is not clear, Watir works just fine on JRuby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="552" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T12:55:36.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5359" CreationDate="2012-12-17T13:29:20.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with the one test case, plus the huge table of inputs and expected results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;46 options on a single page sounds like a UI nightmare to me. But if that's the hand you are dealt, you may want to consider some data-driven test automation. Scripts are really good about accepting input and expected output from a table, and driving your page through all of them quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you can automate through the custom controls directly, and sometimes you cannot. In the latter case, try other less-direct methods like copying to the clipboard and reading results from there. Resort to image comparisons only if nothing else works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T13:29:20.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5367" CreationDate="2012-12-17T13:47:26.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best time to start any testing is before any code is received. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance should be part of the Requirements and Architectural reviews/discussions that hopefully occur before coding begins. That's where you can have the most impact on performance, and can adequately plan for performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, it seems pretty clear that none of the above has actually happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your case, the best time to start performance testing is probably &quot;now&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T13:47:26.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5372" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5373" CreationDate="2012-12-17T14:36:42.520" Score="5" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;By internationalization testing I intend testing application with one or more additional languages and one or more additional regional settings (locale).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We expect a number of risks with internalization, and want to mitigate them with proper test cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;layout may be a disaster with longer labels&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some characters (German “ö”, Arabic “ݔ” or Spanish “ĕ” ) may display incorrectly &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;application may crash with a different language (it will not happen with German language, but what about Japanese ?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;application may incorrectly recognize default locale/regional settings/language based on OS/browser settings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;applications may mix custom settings with default settings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;application may parse user input incorrectly, Usually the app stores user input in some normalized form, so it should parse 1000.5 and 1000,5 differently, depending on the locale&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;application may not distinguish regional settings from language settings (“A French person working with German locale in the Russian office.”)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other problems with internalization would you expect from Web app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-17T14:52:15.710" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T09:20:05.933" Title="Internationalization testing" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5372" CreationDate="2012-12-17T14:53:55.423" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may also want to check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locale appropriateness of colors, icons, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paper size issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sort order issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tax issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Holiday issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time Zone issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These may help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/internationalization-and-localization.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;All Things Quality: Pseudo-Translation of Strings as an Aid to Internationalization Testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/pseudo-translation-of-strings-as-aid-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;All Things Quality: Internationalization and Localization&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-17T17:41:19.703" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T17:41:19.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5372" CreationDate="2012-12-17T15:21:45.887" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Be sure to know any monetary laws for applicable countries.  We made the mobile PayPal app at my old shop, and the sheer amount of business rules from country to country regarding sending/receiving/transferring funds/different currencies was maddening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T15:21:45.887" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5375" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-17T16:06:11.127" Score="2" ViewCount="803" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on planning a test strategy for test automation for our mobile apps.&#xA;The problem is that all the automation frameworks I've seen utilize a slightly different context than what the application really uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I am evaluating &lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeeTest&lt;/a&gt;. &#xA;To run automation tests on an non-jailbreak device the developer needs to add some frameworks to the project and actually build a different app the release app. &#xA;So, when testing an instrumented iOS app with SeeTest, the app under test is not the same as the released app, which means that a full regression should be made on the released build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the same of every framework I have seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How did others solve this issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4542" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T01:47:38.167" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T01:47:38.167" Title="Best practices to automate mobile apps on non-jailbreak device using SeeTest" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2146" CreationDate="2012-12-17T16:33:00.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell (now that the WDK is officially released), DSF is still available as part of the Windows 7 WDK (on &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/hh852365&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; below the Win8 WDK downloads) - it's just been removed from the Windows 8 WDK. No idea why, because as far as I can tell, the driver model is the same, and DSF devices created in the Win7 WDK &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; work in Win8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T16:33:00.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5367" CreationDate="2012-12-17T18:12:20.080" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe I have some useful information about how/when to test performance, but first I wanted to touch on something that you said that stood out for me: &quot;but I don't want to force any kind of premature optimization or putting pressure on the dev-team&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This indicates to me that the relationship you have with your dev team is perhaps not the most constructive.  Your job as a QA engineer is to push for quality, but quality is the responsibility of everyone on your team.  It shouldn't be a fight, the developers and project managers should be on board and behind anything that will increase quality.  If that is not the case, perhaps there are bigger issues...  I would absolutely push and put pressure on my team to perform performance testing.  Developers, and the entire team should be proud of their work and how it performs is a huge part of any project.  How can optimization be premature?  Building and designing with performance (and security) in mind should absolutely be a priority and not left to clean up at the end (when it's already too late).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few goals you may have from performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some SLA with your customers to perform within a&#xA;certain time range and need to measure this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Predict how much hardware you need in your production environment under expected load. (Capacity Planning)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find and fix bottlenecks and bugs that manifest while under load.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 and 2 can be useful to convince your team to do some performance testing, PM's will like 1, and PMs and Ops will like 2 and you and your dev team should like 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have found even through basic stress testing and monitoring of performance counters is that there is usually a lot of low hanging fruit, very simple fixes and tweaks that can make a huge difference in performance.  People will find things like they are loading massive amounts of data into memory when they don't need to, or maybe there will be one specific query that is inefficient and slowing everything down, or some product or hardware settings are incorrect and causing problems, OR the hardware itself just isn't set up right - you've got great network throughput, plenty of CPU and only 2gb of memory, yet your app is memory intensive, or vice-verse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T18:12:20.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5375" CreationDate="2012-12-17T20:19:12.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked at a highly-respected mobile development shop for 6 years.  We did not trust automation or emulators as acceptable tools to finalize a build.  Each build was manually tested on the actual handset it was targeted for before the build was sent to the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the problem with mobile development.  Unless you find a framework that will run automation using the actual device, you won't have 100% confidence in your build, as you will never really test the deliverable build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T20:19:12.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5365" CreationDate="2012-12-17T20:44:51.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Zigster, as regards site loading speed and search speed, I would add non functional requirements at the user story level. They can be expressed in the form of acceptance criteria. &#xA;For example if one user story is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a customer&#xA;I want to run a search based on product name&#xA;So that the products with matching name will be displayed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Among the acceptance criteria you could specify:&#xA;The search results are displayed to the customer within 3 seconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other user stories where for example you might be doing a checkout you will be defining the max time you consider acceptable for the customer to perform such action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not define such acceptance criteria at the site level but at the user story (value) level, this will encourage the development team to build performance tests early and at that specific level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per the architecture, what do you mean, do you want to impose a specific architecture?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4545" LastActivityDate="2012-12-17T20:44:51.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5375" CreationDate="2012-12-18T00:57:58.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are talking iOS, you should look into the automated testing support supplied by apple in their tool called instruments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T00:57:58.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5372" CreationDate="2012-12-18T09:20:05.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, try and get an agreement on the list of locales being tested. For example, which are the most important to the business, which are minor ones, and which are out of scope. Impress on the business how adding a locale at a later stage will greatly impact schedules, resources, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When considering specific test cases, I would definitely include the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For websites use an IP range from one locale using &lt;a href=&quot;http://getfoxyproxy.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FoxyProxy&lt;/a&gt; and set your computer to another - this is especially important for sites where money exchanges hands such as betting websites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check regions with the same language and different rules such as European French and Canadian French - there are specific rules and words in Canadian French which aren't applied in European French for example. If your product is being released into a regulated market this comes into play&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If possible, use a currency from one locale whilst purchasing in another - sometimes the translation strings don't contain the correct characters to cover a foreign currency symbol&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error messages - you mentioned this in your original post, but this should be high on the list of tests. You will find it difficult to receive feedback from a user if they cannot read the error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T09:20:05.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5384" CreationDate="2012-12-18T09:35:20.983" Score="17" ViewCount="101537" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is an unfortunate reality of our industry that many testers are stuck using a spreadsheet to manage their test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I wanted to ask (in a community wiki), what are some good techniques and examples that people can share on &lt;strong&gt;how someone can manage test case planning and execution in Excel?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I know that this does not exactly fit the Q&amp;amp;A style, but I think that the question and answers will be valuable to testers who use spreadsheets as a test case management tool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:03:55.697" LastActivityDate="2021-04-14T02:58:02.940" Title="Looking for an excellent example of using a spreadsheet for test case management" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-18T09:35:20.983" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2012-12-18T15:16:32.103" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not have any examples but I can describe an experience, albeit more about written test cases than about using Excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I started my previous job, test cases were not written down.  Moreover, the IT department was openly hostile to the QA team; asking for a server as a test case repository was a non-starter.  As an intermediate step, I picked an subset of the product and put test cases in a shared Excel spreadsheet.  I think there were four columns: a description of the test case, the tester assigned to it, the pass/fail status, and free-form comments (e.g. for bug IDs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test cases were simple, declarative statements rather than step-by-step instructions, e.g. &quot;Every field honors its minimum and maximum field lengths&quot; or &quot;Field X is mandatory.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each release, as the product changed, some of the test cases would need revising, too.  I wanted to keep the old test results for historical purposes, so we made a new copy of the spreadsheet for each release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think we followed that practice for a few releases.  We had limited success.  On one hand, the testers liked having something written down, and they liked being explicit about who was testing what.  On the other hand, many on the team were not accustomed to writing test cases -- although they overlap, writing is a different skill from actual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a few releases, we managed to get the IT department to install Mediawiki on a server, so we switched to documenting our test cases there.  We went back to personal communications or email for assigning testers to test cases and for reporting status.  (We used Bugzilla for bug tracking, but we didn't have a formal way to declare which test cases were tested and which were still left to do).  I left that job a few years ago.  As I understand it, they still use my test automation framework, but they stopped using the written test cases altogether.  I think the test cases grew obsolete and there was no one left on the team who was interested in writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-18T16:53:28.083" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T16:53:28.083" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-18T15:16:32.103" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2012-12-18T15:58:16.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a consultant, I am often sent to a client who does not have a test case management tool. It can be a short contract which would not last as long as the time it would take to introduce a test case management tool and teach the users how to use the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Excel, I can format a basic test case template for use by myself or the client within minutes. This is then used to track what has been tested on a feature (test steps or scenarios), and monitor whether the testing passed or failed. In the case of a failed test, the bug is outlined in a &quot;Notes&quot; column. After a bug fix, the results of the re-run are recorded on a second sheet within the Excel workbook.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the spreadsheet can be placed on the network for reference, attached to an email, or printed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience this approach helps a client gain confidence in the value of testing, and gives them space to consider which tool they want to use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a final note, I take comfort from the knowledge that the team is now recording their tests, their results, and any bugs somewhere more formal than in an email (as is often the case). This makes testing a process which is repeatable, traceable, and adjustable, whilst also introducing a common point of reference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T15:58:16.370" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-18T15:58:16.370" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2012-12-18T20:49:06.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my first job, we used Excel extensively (and I have used it at a few places). I don't think it is a horrible tool as I have seen people use it amazingly well and efficiently, it just depends on what's the main purpose.  There are way too many non-engineering firms where a tons of people work as non-programming QA for whom integrating the test cases with scripts, etc. may not be the most important feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Just what I have used as, not recommending to use excel over other tools)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Test Plan and Cases&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sheet 1 - Included a basic test plan, revision history, comments, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sheet 2 - Test cases:  First column had a TC title in bold followed by Steps.  Second column had expected results, third - actual results, fourth - Priority, fifth - Pass/Fail, sixth - Comments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I worked with a guy who used excel macros and formulas really well to formulate the expected results from the input data.  While he was manual testing, he would just enter the input values and the actual values in respective columns.  The final sheet in his spreadsheet had Test cases which would be set to pass if the expected value matched actual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2012-12-18T20:49:06.167" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-18T20:49:06.167" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2012-12-19T07:28:04.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my current company, we are using excel to keep track of our testing. We have a QA Checklist Tempate spreadsheet that consists of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional Checklist - &lt;em&gt;list of requirements. Mainly focusing on whether the application works as intended and is fit for purpose and usage (Positive testing)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Scenario Checklist - &lt;em&gt;list of test scenarios that the testers document while they testing the application. These test scenarios can be detailed or high-level, it all depends on the tester and the type of tests can vary from negative to exploratory to performance testing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are busy investigating different test management tools to replace the excel spreadsheet but they have been working with relatively good success for the past few years at our company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastEditorUserId="4513" LastEditDate="2012-12-19T10:20:43.173" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T10:20:43.173" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-19T07:28:04.703" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5388" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-19T09:30:08.823" Score="3" ViewCount="4446" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating a chat application with node.js and socket.io. I want to know how many chatters my application can handle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to know is what will happen to CPU and memory on the server having 10,100,1000,10000,100000 chatters talking to each other and see if the application and server can handle this much connections. I also want to know if the messages these chatters send will be progressed as they should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm testing my application with Cucumber and Selenium. With Cucumber/Selenium I could open a few browser windows and start chatting, but I guess this would not be a good solution testing it with 1000 or more chatters. Though this would be ideal to test with because I can use real scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also looked at &lt;a href=&quot;https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/ab.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ab&lt;/a&gt; but I am not very sure if it can test the application itself or just create a lot of connections.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best way to test and are there good tools for testing this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4295" LastEditorUserId="4295" LastEditDate="2012-12-19T10:29:54.183" LastActivityDate="2013-04-30T19:27:23.547" Title="How to stress test this chat application" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-19T10:17:39.363" Score="11" ViewCount="4611" Body="&lt;p&gt;Goal:&#xA;I have an enterprise application written in java to test for performance. I need to do it separately, so I will be basically simulating a user interaction over http/https.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My findings: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is not suitable for load testing. Even with threading,&#xA;Selenium does not seem to suit a lot of requests simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jmeter it most recommended solution, but scripting with it will add a learning curve.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;OpenSTA seems to be left over after 2007, otherwise it is a good tool&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recently came across gatling. They claim to overcome shortcomings of other tools including Jmeter&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondary requirements/scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have a selenium expertise in my team and also several scripts are&#xA;ready for regression tests. So possibly I'd like to re-use them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am not willing to have a paid solution until I can get my job done&#xA;perfectly with open source tools/API even if it needs more efforts&#xA;on my side.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, please suggest your solutions/tools. I still think I'll end up using Jmeter..but suggestions are needed.͏͏͏͏͏&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4548" LastEditorUserId="11978" LastEditDate="2015-09-19T06:47:25.470" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T05:51:15.463" Title="Looking for open source, Java-based tool for performance testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5389" CreationDate="2012-12-19T14:58:05.123" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have had some luck using &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;.  It is Java based but you can also write your scripts in Jython or Clojure.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You said that you would like to take advantage of your team's current Selenium scripts and expertise performance testing.  You did not describe your regression test scripts, but you may want to reconsider whether they are appropriate.  In particular, you should consider two issues: is Selenium appropriate for performance testing and are functional tests appropriate for performance testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, as you may have realized, Selenium is a very resource-intensive way to induce load on a system.   Let me quote from the first question in the Selenium Grid FAQ:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: &lt;strong&gt;Would you recommend using Selenium Grid for performance/Load testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A: Selenium Grid is not designed for performance and load testing [...]&#xA;  The main reason for&#xA;  this is that conducting performance/load testing with real browser is&#xA;  a pretty bad idea as it is hard/expensive to scale the load and the&#xA;  actual load is very inconsistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To simulate 200 concurrent users for instance, you would need 200&#xA;  concurrent browsers with a load testing framework based on Selenium&#xA;  Grid. Even if you use Firefox on Linux (so the most efficient setup)&#xA;  you will probably need at least 10 machines to generate that kind of&#xA;  load. Quite insane when JMeter/Grinder/httperf can generate the same&#xA;  kind of load with a single machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, there is a tension between the needs of a &lt;em&gt;functional test&lt;/em&gt; and a &lt;em&gt;performance test&lt;/em&gt;.  A functional test focuses on correct behavior under a variety of circumstances, including some that may happen rarely but which are important to the user's experience.  A performance test focuses on how the system responds under expected loads.  If your functional test does not model a typical user's workflow, it does not belong in the performance test.  For example, it may be important to know that a page generates a nice error message when you enter a 2-digit phone number, but it is pointless to ask what happens when 100 users do that at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if a functional test does model typical user behavior, it may still be inappropriate for a performance test.  Functional tests focus on processing a set of inputs and checking whether the results match their expected values.  If a test involves a number of steps, it may also check intermediate results for diagnostic purposes.  In my experience, performance tests dispense with all that checking because it slows down the performance test.  (To be more precise, there may be a few threads that check expected vs. actual results but most of the threads just try to load down the system without worrying about correct results.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T21:23:03.300" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T21:23:03.300" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5388" CreationDate="2012-12-19T16:16:23.013" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, you have two requirements: a &lt;em&gt;load requirement&lt;/em&gt; (simulate up to 100,000 simultaneous chats; determine whether chatters can connect) and a &lt;em&gt;functional requirement&lt;/em&gt; (determine whether the chats are processed correctly). You will probably use different technologies for the two of those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the load requirement, you want something that can handle initiating and communicating over lots of simultaneous connections.  ab appears measure how many of &lt;em&gt;the same request&lt;/em&gt; the server can handle simultaneously.  Presumably your chat protocol is more complicated than that.  For example, I suspect the chat application has to start by logging in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you are looking for an open source solution.  There are plenty of those available, but you might start by looking at &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Grinder&lt;/a&gt;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the functional requirement, you may want to use Selenium since you are already familiar with it.  You do not need 100,000 of these -- just one (or a handful) should suffice.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T16:16:23.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="934" CreationDate="2012-12-19T17:35:37.607" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few ways to do handle this...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;For Flash Videos:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most flash videos show up in iFrames, so you'll want switch to the iFrame container (using selectFrame) and then do an element test to verify the video content shows up correctly (using waitForElementPresent or verifyElementPresent).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have mentioned, if you're going to need to interact with the videos, you'll need FlashSelenium or flex-ui-selenium, but you can get much of the job done without them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;For HTML5 Videos:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For verifying they show up, an element test will work as mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, since HTML5 videos often have CSS elements as controls, you can verify their functionality and playback by interacting with those elements. Here's an example script (note: page may change layout in the future):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;open: http://html5video.org/&#xA;selectFrame: kaltura-video_ifp&#xA;click: css=span.ui-icon.ui-icon-play&#xA;verifyElementPresent: css=span.ui-icon.ui-icon-pause&#xA;waitForTextPresent: 0:05/1:41&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's how we set up our monitoring scripts in our &lt;a href=&quot;http://rigor.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rigor accounts&lt;/a&gt;. Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4551" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2012-12-19T17:35:37.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5389" CreationDate="2012-12-20T04:15:35.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it sounds like I'm beating a dead horse here, but this is the most commonly used open source tool.  There is documentation all over the internet about using and setting it up.  Additionally, if your company is a java shop, there are probably many developers who could help your team get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T04:15:35.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5375" CreationDate="2012-12-20T04:46:15.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you looked into &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.keynotedeviceanywhere.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Device Anywhere&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perfectomobile.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Perfecto Mobile&lt;/a&gt;?  They are both services for testing against real devices.  A warning: These aren't cheap solutions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T04:46:15.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2012-12-20T09:25:52.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my project we use excel spreadsheets for test case execution and management. Once testing finishes we import the same on Quality Center using excel add-on (I understand that is a waste of effort). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The excel sheet has got a specific format i.e. Sheet1- Version Control, Sheet2- Test Scenario with steps, Sheet3- References etc. Let me know if you are looking for a sample template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T09:25:52.860" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-20T09:25:52.860" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5396" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-20T12:49:59.250" Score="2" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to a testing / continuous integration tool which can help me with the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Inside a Maven project, allow me to run a JUnit test case that, using some API, deploy an application on top of a container and wait then test with the same API that the application has been correctly deployed. For this I need to launch the container through a batch file or a shell file before the continuos integration tool executes the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public void MyTest() throws Exception {&#xA;      AdminApi adminApi = AdminApiFactory.getApi(&quot;myprotocol://localhost:1947&quot;);&#xA;      Deployable deployable = Deployable.fromFile(&quot;target/myapp.jar&quot;);&#xA;      adminApi.deploy(deployable);&#xA;      Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;      Assert.assertEquals(adminApi.getDeployedApp(&quot;myApp&quot;).getStatus,STATUS.CORRECTLY_DEPLOYED)&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, after the tests have been executed, I need to shut down the container by killing the process.  The goal of such tests is to verify our assembly/packaging into jar correctness. (If one dependencies is missing in the myapp.jar, the deployment will fail )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Inside a .NET project, run all the .NET tests only after the the container has been launched and the application deployed. I have a client application that uses the service exposed by myapp.jar and I need to test the two in integration. I need a way to launch the container, deploy myapp and then execute these set of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4555" LastEditorUserId="4555" LastEditDate="2012-12-20T15:02:35.077" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T15:06:00.303" Title="Test automation for .NET / Java Project relying on app container" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5396" CreationDate="2012-12-20T15:06:00.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might start with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;.  It is free, open source, and popular, and it has a lot of extension points.  You can use it to launch arbitrary shell or script files.  A moment ago, I Googled for &quot;Jenkins .NET&quot; and found several articles about using Jenkins to install/run .NET applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T15:06:00.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2012-12-20T15:57:36.627" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I am a developer, my answer will be sarcastic. Please do not take it personally :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is maybe the right time to update your QA tools if you are still using Excel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have heard about the Agile manifesto and agile software development, you probably would know that thanks to these approach, quality insurance becomes a part of the development and it is not a different function. When you apply TDD, BDD, or whatever test-first approach, you start with the test before the coding, so clearly an Excel Spreadsheet is not the right tool. You typically need a tool for Agile Development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you didn't realize it, Excel is a old tool from the nineties and it is a spreadsheet, not a management tool. If you want a management tool, I suggest you to look for a management tool. If project management / but reporting tools like JIRA are not enough for your QA needs,  I warmly suggest you to have a look to some providers of test management solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qasymphony.com/qtest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.qasymphony.com/qtest.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.practitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.practitest.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testuff.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testuff.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qmetry.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.qmetry.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testuff for example cost 27$ per month if you get the monthly subscription, having an  unmanageable Excel spreadsheet to handle your QA will cost you much more :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4555" LastActivityDate="2012-12-20T15:57:36.627" CommentCount="6" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-20T15:57:36.627" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5399" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5484" CreationDate="2012-12-20T16:23:28.500" Score="7" ViewCount="11966" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to get the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/VirtualBox+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;VirtualBox plugin&lt;/a&gt; working with Jenkins. My plan is then to hook up the &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; plugin as well and get a grid running on the VirtualBox cloud. When I follow the instructions on the plugin page to create the new node, that works fine. When I try to launch the slave agent, the VM does start up, but I continuously get the following error during SSH connection until it reaches the maximum number of attempts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[VirtualBox] Launching node ubuntu-12.10-desktop-i386&#xA;[VirtualBox] Powering up VirtualBoxMachine{host=VirtualBoxHost{url='http://localhost:18083', username='*MY DOMAIN/USER NAME ON MY LOCAL MACHINE IS HERE*'},name='ubuntu-12.10-desktop-i386'}...&#xA;[VirtualBox] starting node ubuntu-12.10-desktop-i386 from state PoweredOff&#xA;[VirtualBox] node ubuntu-12.10-desktop-i386 started&#xA;[VirtualBox] Sleep before stage 2 launcher, attempt 1&#xA;[VirtualBox] Starting stage 2 launcher (SSHLauncher)&#xA;[01/04/13 14:13:26] [SSH] Opening SSH connection to 192.168.56.100:22.&#xA;java.io.IOException: There was a problem while connecting to 192.168.56.100:22&#xA;    at com.trilead.ssh2.Connection.connect(Connection.java:793)&#xA;    at com.trilead.ssh2.Connection.connect(Connection.java:565)&#xA;    at hudson.plugins.sshslaves.SSHLauncher.openConnection(SSHLauncher.java:693)&#xA;    at hudson.plugins.sshslaves.SSHLauncher.launch(SSHLauncher.java:278)&#xA;    at hudson.plugins.virtualbox.VirtualBoxComputerLauncher.delegateLaunch(VirtualBoxComputerLauncher.java:80)&#xA;    at hudson.plugins.virtualbox.VirtualBoxComputerLauncher.launch(VirtualBoxComputerLauncher.java:64)&#xA;    at hudson.slaves.SlaveComputer$1.call(SlaveComputer.java:199)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection timed out: connect&#xA;    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.doConnect(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.net.Socket.connect(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at com.trilead.ssh2.transport.TransportManager.establishConnection(TransportManager.java:346)&#xA;    at com.trilead.ssh2.transport.TransportManager.initialize(TransportManager.java:454)&#xA;    at com.trilead.ssh2.Connection.connect(Connection.java:733)&#xA;    ... 11 more&#xA;[01/04/13 14:13:28] [SSH] Connection closed.&#xA;[VirtualBox] Stage 2 launcher completed&#xA;[VirtualBox] Sleep before stage 2 launcher, attempt 2&#xA;(etc...)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/45ftU.png&quot; alt=&quot;VirtualBox Cloud Config&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tHmVK.png&quot; alt=&quot;VirtualBox Node Config (updated)&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this not working?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; The slave VM is running Ubuntu and openssh-server is in fact running once I log in on that VM. I have made a couple of more updates since posting here, some based on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/10532299/170309&quot;&gt;an answer to Stack&amp;nbsp;Overflow question &lt;em&gt;How to SSH to a VirtualBox Ubuntu guest externally through a Windows host?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. A few questions that might help solve this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When Jenkins boots up the slave VM, does Ubuntu need to be configured so that it automatically logs into the desired user's account?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If not, how do I tell Jenkins to log in as a specific user?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it matter if it logs into the Guest account or one with more privileges?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What should my network configuration settings look like? This is what I have currently:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rybH3.png&quot; alt=&quot;VirtualBox Ubuntu VM Adapter 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Lipmv.png&quot; alt=&quot;VirtualBox Ubuntu VM Adapter 1 Port Forwarding Rules&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SdPlP.png&quot; alt=&quot;VirtualBox Ubuntu VM Adapter 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q57oZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter #2&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/z4eGe.png&quot; alt=&quot;VirtualBox Ubuntu VM openssh-server information&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4556" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T11:22:32.120" Title="What is the correct way to configure the VirtualBox plugin on Jenkins?" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5401" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-21T09:32:44.327" Score="3" ViewCount="6638" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Python package which may contain several modules.  Of course, I have &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunitpatterns.com/unit%20test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;unit tests&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunitpatterns.com/component%20test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;component tests&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunitpatterns.com/customer%20test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;functional tests&lt;/a&gt;.  All of them are in &lt;code&gt;package/module/test&lt;/code&gt; directories, most of them are in files labelled &lt;code&gt;test_ClassUnderTestName.py&lt;/code&gt;, and contain classed derived from unittest.TestCase matching &lt;code&gt;class UnitTestClassUnderTestName&lt;/code&gt; and so on. I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://pytest.org/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;py.test&lt;/a&gt; to run all the tests -- with the coverage plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How can I improve my set up to make it more logical, easier to use, and make the setup have more &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Lila-Inquiry-Morals-Robert-Pirsig/dp/1846880114&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;quality&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I cannot improve it, what would be the best practices that you use to achieve the best quality of tests organisation within Python packages? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit after comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests are name like so: &lt;code&gt;test_parse_data_failure()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;test_parse_data_command_X()&lt;/code&gt;, etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have three classes, one for each type and all in one file. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Components would be a full (happy path) test path to parsing some data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional tests would be to parse data, and do something with it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1670" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-21T19:15:38.053" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T17:23:03.860" Title="Best practices for organising and naming test cases" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5330" CreationDate="2012-12-21T10:55:01.503" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Selenium Simplified course the secret to the selector is really the 'value' not the 'type' as the 'value' identifies the WebElement uniquely on that page, coupled with a type 'just in case'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement checkBox1;&#xA;WebElement checkBox3;&#xA;&#xA;checkBox1 = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[value='cb1']&quot;));&#xA;checkBox3 = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[value='cb3']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;if(!checkBox1.isSelected()){&#xA;    checkBox1.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//checkBox3 is selected by default&#xA;if(checkBox3.isSelected()){&#xA;    checkBox3.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or using &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could instead do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; selectElements= &#xA;driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[name='checkboxes[]']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;selectElements.get(0).click();&#xA;&#xA;if( selectElements.get(2).isSelected()){&#xA;    selectElements.get(2).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or iterate over them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(WebElement checkbox : selectElements){&#xA;    // uncheck 'em all&#xA;    if(checkbox.isSelected()){&#xA;      checkbox.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4561" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T01:16:07.003" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T01:16:07.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5366" CreationDate="2012-12-21T14:55:15.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Noticed that I have to be SITE admin to be able to customize the defect field in QC (and I am only project admin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once site admin, there will be a Workflow option under the project customization. And in workflow all the scripts are written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastActivityDate="2012-12-21T14:55:15.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5401" CreationDate="2012-12-22T01:52:28.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not use Python, so I cannot offer any Python-specific advice.  However, here are some observations about writing and using automated tests in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try to give your tests meaningful names&lt;/strong&gt;. If your test results include the name of the test, it helps for the name to be meaningful -- as opposed to &quot;test1&quot;, &quot;test2&quot;, and so on.  Of course the name may not convey exactly what the test does, so I will still need to look at the source code to understand what went wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Provide a way to run tests individually&lt;/strong&gt;.  A frequent complaint I hear from developers about automated tests is that they take too long to run.  Sometimes that's because it is not possible run &lt;em&gt;just the test that failed&lt;/em&gt;.  When a developer is iterating in a edit/test loop, they want to wait as little time as possible between tests, especially if most of the test results are not relevant to their immediate task.  A mature test runner will provide a way to do this, but sometimes test runners only work at the class or package level.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't overthink the organization&lt;/strong&gt;.  You do not know how others will want to use your tests.  Of course you would like for it to be as easy as possible to run every test, but you should also consider that they might want to run just one test (as I mentioned above) or a subset of the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T01:52:28.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5401" CreationDate="2012-12-22T05:55:55.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although potentially extreme, I frequently find myself using GivenWhenThen syntax for naming tests so it's crystal clear what they do and expect (I can't tell what test_parse_data_failure() or test_parse_data_command_X(), actually do from the function names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, I prefer names like (guessing at what your functions do)&#xA;&lt;code&gt;GivenBadData_WhenIParse_ThenFailure&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;GivenCommandXData_WhenIParse_ThenExecuteCommandX&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the start of good logging, which I believe is critical to test success. &lt;strong&gt;Every&lt;/strong&gt; test failure (IMO) should be fully diagnosable from the log file - and if I know what the test is doing without looking at the code, I have a much better chance of diagnosing the failure quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T05:55:55.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5410" CreationDate="2012-12-22T06:44:34.863" Score="3" ViewCount="244" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a big remote SQA team now who have identified about 600 bugs with test cases to both assist in manual testing and prepare for us to start automation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our development lead has setup a Jenkins server with Selenium and PHP driver for our Zend Framework environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My next assumed step is to start having SQA Engineers write the PHP code for each test as per our template:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class WebTest extends PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase&#xA;{&#xA;    protected function setUp()&#xA;    {&#xA;        exec('DISPLAY=:0');&#xA;        $this-&amp;gt;setBrowser('firefox');&#xA;        $this-&amp;gt;setBrowserUrl('http://www.google.com/');&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public function testTitle()&#xA;    {&#xA;        $this-&amp;gt;url('http://www.google.com/');&#xA;        $this-&amp;gt;assertEquals('Google', $this-&amp;gt;title());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm now remembering hearing that developers should understand how to write unit tests into their code... So, are there different cases which will require developers to write unit tests or can it fully be the responsibility of the SQA Engineers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4281" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-22T15:25:11.883" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T15:50:50.593" Title="Which automated tests do devs create vs SQA staff?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5406" CreationDate="2012-12-22T07:19:54.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my opinion. Writing unit test cases is the primary responsibility of developers. But QA Engineer can also writing unit test cases in rare cases.&#xA;Seperate from Unit test cases. QA engineers have to write other test cases for different type of testing i.e load, performance, functional.&#xA;Developers write unit test cases to make sure that product is fully functional and free of bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4566" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T07:19:54.930" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2012-12-22T09:38:28.617" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good Questions. In my previous experience I would like to say that when ever you are instructed to write testcases for manual testing some documents need to be in hand first if you are going to write testcases at time of project planning and design. I will feel better if I get project requirement documents(PRD) and workflow of project. If I have these documents, I can proceed for writing testcases. Also communication between client and QA analyst is too much important. Close communication between QA Analyst and Client can be more helpful to understand the client requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4568" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T09:38:28.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5406" CreationDate="2012-12-22T11:16:11.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your devs are writing such buggy code then they should definitely be writing tests for their code. Why can't it be a team effort rather than an either/or ? The devs can write the code with the testers helping with test ideas, or the devs can help the testers code up their tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T11:16:11.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5406" CreationDate="2012-12-22T15:37:26.087" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's get things straight. Unit Tests are different from SQA Test Cases that have been automated. How?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Tests&lt;/strong&gt; are the developers responsibility because it mainly involves knowing whether their work, in this case a software unit (where unit testing comes from), is correct and complete with the ability to repeatedly check it when they make changes. It is not a QA activity as the writing of unit test itself maybe subject to QA. This is mostly seen in development teams that practice TDD (test-driven development) or BDD (behavior-driven development).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated SQA Test Cases&lt;/strong&gt; are test cases developed by the SQA Team that was originally run manually. This involves the steps, data and permutations of such derived from user expectations or requirements. This is mostly front-end and mostly involved blackbox testing with some exceptions. They are not supposedly meant to test implementation but rather test the application if it met functional and non-functional requirements as users experience it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example is an &lt;strong&gt;Automated SQA Test Case&lt;/strong&gt; using &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PHPUNit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - the same tool you use to create &lt;strong&gt;Unit Tests&lt;/strong&gt;. To simplify it for your team, if it involves testing what a method or function returns, then it is a &lt;strong&gt;Unit Test&lt;/strong&gt; and developers are responsible for it. If it involves inputting data from the browser or application and automating that, then it is the SQA automation team's responsibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4571" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T15:37:26.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5406" CreationDate="2012-12-22T15:50:50.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is more than one way to address quality problems.  The best strategy for your group will depend on a lot of factors, e.g. the individual capabilities and attitude toward quality, personal dynamics in the team, the maturity of the product, and the profitability of the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It helps for the whole team to understand the extend of the quality problem.  Even better, it helps if the team understands that they jointly &quot;own&quot; the problem.  At that point, you can try to have a rational conversation about who should write tests -- with the understanding that if the approach doesn't work, you will have to try something different.  Automated testing is a means to an end, not an end in itself.  If you can decide, in measurable terms, whether your automated testing is achieving your goal, you will have an easier time deciding whether your strategy needs adjustment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T15:50:50.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5401" CreationDate="2012-12-22T17:23:03.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently going through some titling clean up as well. Tests with titles such as &quot;Validate comments on status,&quot; or &quot;Verify accounts not created XXX state reject P2&quot; are simply not helpful from a high level without drilling into the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We try to simplify the title of a test to a What --&gt; How syntax. In other words, what aspect of the functionality or scenario is being tested and a brief description of how it is being tested. For example, &quot;Primary user accounts are not created when XXX state rejects invalid account.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A clear title is important for managers or others not familiar with the feature area to grasp the purpose of the test without having to drill down into the specific mechanics of how the test actually does the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comments at the header should include a detailed purpose of the test, and a description of the oracle(s). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use sub-folders/dirs under major feature paths to organize tests into categories or test suites (e.g. unit, scenario, performance, stress, etc) to help devs or new team members locate specific types of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I recommend that you remove redundant information from the title. For example, some tests included the priority of the test in the title. Since the test priority is already tracked via another mechanism including the priority in the title was redundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2012-12-22T17:23:03.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-23T01:48:58.503" Score="5" ViewCount="1035" Body="&lt;p&gt;What tools exist to automatically generate test scripts (or test script templates) from a formal specification or a program's source code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The background of this question is, that I’m occasionally confronted with legacy web applications as both, a developer and a QA person. The applications are written in either  Java or a combination of Java and PL/SQL, and need to be maintained (maybe sometimes rather partially refactored in the sense of re-architectured and rewritten) and amended with new features. Usually there hasn’t been any test driven development, though unit tests were added later on, which test some important spots of the code and are run during nightly builds.&#xA;Once in a while I get rotated out of one of those projects to face the next, depending on workload, schedules, business opportunities etc. &#xA;I’m looking for enhancements of my testing toolset, to both being able to quickly fill testing gaps for those kind of applications and to improve the long term stewardship (rewriting/migration support).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test scripts would be the executable test, which can aggregated to test suites,&#xA;test script templates would be the test scripts with placeholders for test data, which get replaced somehow to make them complete test scripts (either preprocessed or during execution).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since those are applications that already are live, you indeed would be able to record the outcome of the tests as is and store it as expected result for a given typical input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also found a web source that talks about the extraction of models from source code &lt;a href=&quot;http://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2007/881/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2007/881/&lt;/a&gt;, so maybe it would be possible to put a model on top?&#xA;And generate test scripts from that model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know, if somebody used a tool following the ideas described above, and how it turned out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4577" LastEditorUserId="4577" LastEditDate="2013-01-13T04:25:15.260" LastActivityDate="2013-01-13T04:25:15.260" Title="What test generators do exist?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5413" CreationDate="2012-12-23T16:31:53.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is surely the low bar, but there are ways to test Java beans automatically; see for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://macbeantechnology.co.uk/blog/automate-testing-javabeans/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://macbeantechnology.co.uk/blog/automate-testing-javabeans/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the academic literature has a lot to say about about generating tests from specifications.  A Google search of &quot;generate tests from formal specification&quot; will turn up lots of results; see for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.gmu.edu/~offutt/rsrch/papers/scr-sp-JSTVR.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cs.gmu.edu/~offutt/rsrch/papers/scr-sp-JSTVR.pdf&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone on Stackoverflow recommended &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agitar.com/solutions/products/agitarone.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agitar&lt;/a&gt;, a commercial product that  purports to generate tests for Java code.  I assume it starts with the (compiled) class files.  Of course, when you generate tests from source code or compiled code, the resulting tests will not tell you anything about whether that particular implementation is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-23T16:31:53.020" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5416" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5418" CreationDate="2012-12-23T17:41:11.663" Score="4" ViewCount="3102" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Product Manager, one of my entry-level SQA Testers asked me an interesting question - &quot;Should we be testing for zoom levels? ie, when a user magnifies or zooms out in their browser or an iOS user pinches to zoom.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the particular site we are developing, she noticed zooming in was fine, but zooming out caused page elements to distort. A good case of a fresh mind asking an interesting question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be a rare instance that people zoom out on our page, but on the larger topic of testing zoom levels, should this be a part of the test procedures these days?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4281" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T08:48:25.110" Title="Should web pages be tested for ZOOM levels?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5413" CreationDate="2012-12-23T19:36:37.470" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;stacky-bit, maybe &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-based_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Model-based testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; approach is what you are looking for? &#xA;Using this approach, you can generate all possible &quot;abstract tests&quot; that are based on the model. Such approach can be used on, for instance, military projects with a lot of people (such case is described in Experiences of Test Automation Dorothy Graham &amp;amp; Mark Fewster)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pros of this approach is that you can generate tests automatically. In most cases, when you have a solid test-automation you will not be required to write the code, but just add new data into the Model and new tests will be automatically generated and the old tests will be improved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cons: it requires a lot of learning and knowledge. You will have to hire a consultant to start such project and teach the team or do a lot of reading and research by yourself. It still requires programming skills to implement low-level test automation layers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is using &lt;strong&gt;ATDD/BDD/Specification by Example&lt;/strong&gt; approaches. Using such approaches and tools like Cucumber/RSpec you can create executable specifications. &#xA;Those tools allows you to write the specification in Human (Domain/Business) languages and generate the stubs in the code. Then you will need to implement such stubs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This option requires the programming skills, but makes the specification and the test code linked well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2012-12-23T19:36:37.470" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5416" CreationDate="2012-12-23T19:53:32.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, Pages should be tested at zoom level. Because its come under the quality of project. Website quality should not be compromise at any level. User can think in any way. So if on zooming Web pages alignment disturb then its come under bad quality site. We should focus on every point for good quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4566" LastActivityDate="2012-12-23T19:53:32.597" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3064" CreationDate="2012-12-24T06:26:06.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created a webdriver project using Maven+testng+webdriver on eclipse using this link.&#xA;Go through the link.its a step by step procedure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.paxcel.net/blog/how-to-create-dynamic-web-project-in-eclipse-with-maven-and-zkoss-support-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.paxcel.net/blog/how-to-create-dynamic-web-project-in-eclipse-with-maven-and-zkoss-support-2/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4581" LastActivityDate="2012-12-24T06:26:06.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5420" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-24T06:42:27.577" Score="3" ViewCount="1540" Body="&lt;p&gt;After clicking a button in my application with webdriver, it gives me “sorry..your session has been expired” in IE8 and I am unable to proceed but I am able to do it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to proceed with webdriver automation I have to login into my application manually first, then it doesn't give me that session expired error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem is my application only works on IE. This issue is a showstopper now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am confused. Is this an IE issue (some cookie handling) or webdriver provides some support for session or cookie handling?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium version selenium-java-2.24.1 and IE driver version IEDriverServer_Win32_2.25.3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4581" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T15:36:07.617" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T15:43:01.640" Title="“session has expired” error - after clicking a button with webdriver in IE8" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;ie8&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3447" CreationDate="2012-12-24T07:37:33.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any of these strategies should work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(driver.windowHandles[driver.windowHandles.count -1])&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(driver.windowHandles[0])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4582" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-19T19:28:59.463" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T19:28:59.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5416" CreationDate="2012-12-24T10:55:10.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Usman. Your site should be tested at various zoom levels since most browser clients and devices support zooming functionality and your customers may zoom regardless of whether you want to support it or not. One of the primary purposes of testing is to provide information, help identify issues that highlight any disparity between what customers expect and what is being produced, and also help identify other various issues that could negatively impact customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a product manager I assume that you have already defined your primary customer profiles or personas. Based on your customer personas it is your (mgt team's) responsibility to then decide whether or not issues reported by the testers will be addressed/fixed. You may decide not to fix these issues, but at least you know the level of magnification when your site begins to degrade visually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="213" LastEditDate="2012-12-24T18:14:17.353" LastActivityDate="2012-12-24T18:14:17.353" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5416" CreationDate="2012-12-25T07:23:51.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ashok, it depends on how much time you have. If a product is tested before deadline and still you think that product need to be tested on good quality measures than web pages can be tested for zoom levels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4569" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-25T10:55:02.683" LastActivityDate="2012-12-25T10:55:02.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5427" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-25T07:54:19.607" Score="4" ViewCount="761" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to perform security testing on a website. I have already tested a website with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Zed Attack Proxy&lt;/a&gt; (ZAP) but I found it quite slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for an open source tool that will be faster and accurate in finding security holes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any other experience they can convey in implementing security testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4569" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-25T10:55:16.197" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T04:54:13.900" Title="Open source security testing tool faster than Zed Attack Proxy?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5427" CreationDate="2012-12-25T11:00:15.877" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welkome Ashok. I think that you need to be very careful with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security testing is a field that you REALLY, REALLY need to know what you are testing for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security testing does not simply mean &quot;point a tool at a site and get the results&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for an &quot;open source tool that will be faster and accurate in finding security holes&quot;, and asking for &quot;Does anyone have any other experience they can convey in implementing security testing?&quot; you really shouldn't be doing it. Sorry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2012-12-25T11:00:15.877" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-12-25T18:26:49.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any business statistic functionality in the old and in the new system? If true you can make the same statistic in both versions and compare them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: the number of customers should be the same, as well as the revenue of the best and the worst customer,..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These can act as a kind of cheksum that make shure that no critical value is lost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2012-12-25T18:26:49.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2625" CreationDate="2012-12-26T11:36:29.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing migration requires a good analysis of the current and the target data model and the mapping. Make sure all the data fields are being mapped. You also need to check if a data field has been broken down into multiple fields or two or more fields have been combined into one. Check for what has been eliminated as it may not be required anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are ETL tools available now which can help you in testing, but when I did similar project long time back I had written my own tool, which connected to both databases extracted structure and asked the user to map the data from old to new. It analyzed both the structure based on the user input and displayed the results(error cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4569" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:15:08.683" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:15:08.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-26T11:46:12.163" Score="2" ViewCount="30793" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to perform multiple browser testing:&#xA;While working on a project i needed to open multiple browsers simultaneously using Webdriver script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have experience in implementing this ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4569" LastActivityDate="2012-12-26T18:58:49.647" Title="How to open multiple browsers using webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5432" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-26T12:06:44.077" Score="-2" ViewCount="2356" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to perform automation (selenium) using Xpath.  Which one gives better results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4570" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-26T15:16:11.293" LastActivityDate="2012-12-26T15:16:11.293" Title="Considering automation parameters, which is better: relative Xpath or absolute xpath?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2012-12-26T17:16:23.650" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5432" CreationDate="2012-12-26T15:14:52.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you use the terms as defined in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/#NT-AbsoluteLocationPath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Xpath specification&lt;/a&gt;.  In that sense, absolute and relative paths are not interchangeable.  You use a relative path when you refer to something relative to another element.  The rest of the time, you use an absolute path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible that you really want to understand the relative merits of an &lt;em&gt;absolute path&lt;/em&gt; and an &lt;em&gt;abbreviated absolute path&lt;/em&gt;.  The former starts with a single slash, whereas the latter starts with a double slash followed by a relative path.  You use an abbreviated absolute path when you want to describe a location relative to the root but you do not want to specify all of the ancestor elements.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible that your web page may change someday, e.g. because a developer updates it or because it contains dynamically generated id's.  An abbreviated absolute path may be more likely to still work with the changed page than an absolute path.  It may also be easier to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-26T15:14:52.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5431" CreationDate="2012-12-26T18:35:57.160" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whether you want the ability to change the driver per execution of your tests, or simply rerun each test with multiple drivers, it's pretty straightforward.  First you need to follow all of the instructions to get your drivers and browsers set up for the first execution.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#selenium-webdriver-s-drivers&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#selenium-webdriver-s-drivers&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your code, it's also pretty straightforward, however you didn't mention a specific language or tool you're using to drive the automated tests...  In C# some code may look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        switch (browser)&#xA;        {&#xA;            case &quot;Chrome&quot;:&#xA;                webDriver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;                break;&#xA;            case &quot;IE&quot;:&#xA;                webDriver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;                break;&#xA;            case &quot;Firefox&quot;:&#xA;                FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;                profile.AcceptUntrustedCertificates = true;&#xA;                webDriver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;                break;&#xA;            default:&#xA;                Trace.WriteLine(String.Format(&quot;Browser '{0}' not recognized.  Spawning default Firefox browser.&quot;, browser));&#xA;                webDriver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;                break;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to execute everything in every browser (or at least every browser installed on a single machine), you could either create a foreach loop in your code, or if you're using something like nunit to execute the test cases, you could create parameterized tests that execute once for each parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want additional info about how to execute on multiple versions of the same browser, or more detail about using a tool like nunit (or your specific tool) please clarify in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2012-12-26T18:35:57.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5431" CreationDate="2012-12-26T18:58:49.647" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not familiar with &quot;Webdriver script&quot;, so I assume you are referring to a program that uses Selenium.  You can write a program that opens multiple Drivers to talk to multiple simultaneous browsers.  If you want that activity to happen in parallel, you will need to use multiple threads. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specifics around how you open Drivers and use multiple threads depend upon the programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-26T18:58:49.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5310" CreationDate="2012-12-27T11:31:25.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.angara.com/&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='popsubform']/a/img&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this out... hope this will help you out..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4597" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-27T12:29:57.450" LastActivityDate="2012-12-27T12:29:57.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3537" CreationDate="2012-12-27T12:15:19.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Gatling ! It's in scala and much better than Jmeter in many area. It is relatively new, and it was designed to overcome the shortcomings of Jmeter, browsermob etc!&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling-tool.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gatling-tool.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4548" LastActivityDate="2012-12-27T12:15:19.270" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2012-12-27T12:15:19.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5438" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5439" CreationDate="2012-12-28T15:07:26.713" Score="8" ViewCount="297" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can a developer that joins a QA team give the help that has the biggest impact and which are the best assignments for him that would most benefit the team? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2904" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-28T20:42:48.590" LastActivityDate="2012-12-28T20:42:48.590" Title="What would be the best roles and assignments for a developer in a QA team?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2012-12-28T15:43:34.823" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eduard, welcome to SQA.  I will assume you are that developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think there are a lot of ways a developer can help a QA team.  The most obvious way to help would be to write automated tests or to write tools that make testing easier, e.g. creating test data or automating a deployment.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may have skills outside of coding that would also benefit your team.  For example, if you are good at writing, you might be able to write test plans in a better way than your team does now.  Having insight into how software is put together gives you a different perspective on how to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you asked how to have &lt;em&gt;the most impact&lt;/em&gt;.  I cannot answer that because I do not work for your company or on your team.  If I were you, I would spend some time talking to people about what it's like to test right now: what works, what doesn't, what's easy to test, what's hard or time-consuming.  I would look for trends in your bug tracking system, too.  You might also talk to the developers about those things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of all that, you may need to live the life of a tester for a few weeks or months.  I am confident that after a few months you will have a number of good ideas about how to have a big impact on testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2012-12-28T15:43:34.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2012-12-28T16:10:16.250" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;@user246 has some good options - the first that came to mind for me as well was the creation of automation and support tools. I think that another area where many test teams that I've been on could benefit is from having a deeper understanding of the system architecture and technologies. A developer has a different perspective on the system - they have more technical knowledge and/or experience that can give them the ability to better understand the technical risks inherent in the system. Maybe there are areas of the code that work for unknown reasons - a developer may be able to identify those more easily. Maybe there are certain technical interactions that are riskier. If the developer has already worked with the developers still working on building the system or has participated in code reviews with the other developers, the dev in test might even be able to give some pointers like &quot;Oh, Joey wrote that code. He tends to forget to free up his pointers when he's done with them, so be sure to run tests for memory leaks on it.&quot; Sometimes, even just being able to explain the technical aspects of the system to a tester can help them see additional test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't going to necessarily work for every tester - some testers or test cases need to not have technical details to achieve their goals. It's also not something that requires a developer to do - a technical tester could fill the role as well. However, I think it's a big area where a developer assigned to a test team can help in addition to creating code for tests and tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="555" LastActivityDate="2012-12-28T16:10:16.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5438" CreationDate="2012-12-28T16:28:07.283" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A developer can be also useful to QA team in &lt;strong&gt;defect isolation&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having skills to read the code, understand the architecture of the system and debug a running program, you will be able to isolate the root cause of the defect you or the rest of your QA team has found. It is often faster to reproduce and isolate the issue, when &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; are performing the tests and &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; have access to the test environment. Imagine that the person that is going to fix the defect, may need to isolate the defect herself. She will need to setup test environment herself, or get access to it. This requires a knowledge, that developers working on single components often do not have. Why is so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's because developers who build application are highly specialized in single components. In extreme cases they are &quot;narrow-minded&quot;: their job is to make sure the software works on the unit level. On the other side, testers &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; have wider view on the system, &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; know the problems of components that your team has not developed, &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; know the challenges at integration points and know external systems better. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2012-12-28T16:40:21.367" LastActivityDate="2012-12-28T16:40:21.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5261" CreationDate="2012-12-30T07:41:22.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Experitest's seetest&lt;/a&gt;, I'm not sure that their version for Windows phone 8 is officially out, but AFAIK is on the way and they did a good job automating Android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2012-12-30T07:41:22.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5427" CreationDate="2012-12-30T11:56:55.037" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not too surprisingly I agree with what the other people have said (I'm the ZAP project lead;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However there are still various options available to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One option is to disable any of the ZAP scanning rules that do not apply to your site, or that you are not worried about. For example, if your site doesnt use Oracle then theres no point in using the 'Oracle SQL Injection Enumeration' scan rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to perform regular scans using only the scan rules that you think are the most important, and doing a full scan less frequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which rules are taking the most time?&#xA;You can find this out in the zap.log file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you post to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.google.com/group/zaproxy-users&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ZAP user group&lt;/a&gt; then we'll do our best to help you with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4605" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2012-12-30T15:52:35.297" LastActivityDate="2012-12-30T15:52:35.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5445" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2012-12-30T16:26:17.283" Score="5" ViewCount="2920" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just been offered an opportunity to do &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itilcertification.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ITIL certification&lt;/a&gt;. How will this benefit my career as a QA Tester? I have read about the course but I still dont get how important it will be for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4606" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-01-04T13:00:39.670" LastActivityDate="2019-06-27T05:31:11.620" Title="How does ITIL training benefit my software testing career" Tags="&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2130" CreationDate="2012-12-31T08:53:23.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Firefox driver you do not have to go through the additional steps. However, we have to go through the additional steps if we use chromedriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did you perform those steps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4569" LastActivityDate="2012-12-31T08:53:23.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3922" CreationDate="2012-12-31T19:01:02.653" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. I call them Contract Tests. One easy way to understand them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with tests for a specific implementation of the interface. For example, consider &lt;code&gt;ArrayList&lt;/code&gt; implements &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;. You write tests for &lt;code&gt;ArrayList&lt;/code&gt;. One test could be this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testEmptyIffZeroSize:&#xA;  list = new ArrayList()&#xA;  assert list.isEmpty()&#xA;  assert_equals 0, list.size()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that &lt;code&gt;LinkedList&lt;/code&gt; should also pass this test, but there's only one difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;list = new LinkedList()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So imagine you have &lt;code&gt;ArrayListTest&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;LinkedListTest&lt;/code&gt; that both have this test, but the only difference is the class name used to instantiate &lt;code&gt;list&lt;/code&gt;. Of course, in both cases, &lt;code&gt;list&lt;/code&gt; is just a &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;. You could make these tests &lt;em&gt;identical&lt;/em&gt; by extracting a method &lt;code&gt;createEmptyList() : List&lt;/code&gt; in each test class. Now you have this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class ArrayListTest&#xA;  List createEmptyList():&#xA;    return new ArrayList()&#xA;&#xA;  testEmptyIffSizeZero():&#xA;    List list = createEmptyList()&#xA;    assert list.isEmpty()&#xA;    assert_equals 0, list.size()&#xA;&#xA;class LinkedListTest&#xA;  List createEmptyList():&#xA;    return new LinkedList()&#xA;&#xA;  testEmptyIffSizeZero():&#xA;    List list = createEmptyList()&#xA;    assert list.isEmpty()&#xA;    assert_equals 0, list.size()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This time I showed the type of &lt;code&gt;list&lt;/code&gt; to emphasise that I've made the tests identical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, remove duplication by introducing a new superclass, pulling up the test, and declaring &lt;code&gt;createEmptyList()&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;abstract&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;abstract class ListContract&#xA;  abstract List createEmptyList()&#xA;&#xA;  testEmptyIffSizeZero():&#xA;    List list = createEmptyList()&#xA;    assert list.isEmpty()&#xA;    assert_equals 0, list.size()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is a &lt;em&gt;Contract Test&lt;/em&gt;. It should pass for all implementations of &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;. When you implement &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;, subclass &lt;code&gt;ListContract&lt;/code&gt; and implement &lt;code&gt;createEmptyList()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you can either extract contract tests from existing implementation tests, or you can draft contract tests as you design interfaces. I do both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE 2020-04-29: If you don't like to subclass the contract tests in order to write tests for each implementation of List, then combine the contract tests with an Abstract Factory that creates instances of the various implementations of List. This would move &lt;code&gt;createEmptyList()&lt;/code&gt; onto the Abstract Factory and you'd implement the Factory for each implementation of List. This uses composition instead of inheritance in the contract tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4609" LastEditorUserId="4609" LastEditDate="2020-04-29T16:40:48.683" LastActivityDate="2020-04-29T16:40:48.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5449" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-01T06:03:16.947" Score="7" ViewCount="4884" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-top_box&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;strong&gt;set-top box&lt;/strong&gt; (STB) is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;an information appliance device that generally contains a tuner and connects to a television set and an external source of signal, turning the source signal into content in a form that can then be displayed on the television screen or other display device. Set-top boxes can also enhance source signal quality. They are used in cable television and satellite television systems, as well as other uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from &lt;a href=&quot;http://stb-tester.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;STB-Tester&lt;/a&gt;, is there any other open-source or freeware STB-testing tool available?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched a lot on google but haven't found anything other than STB-Tester. I earlier posted &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14099254/set-top-box-open-source-freeware-testing-tool&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; in Stack Overflow, but couldn't get any answer, so hoping posting here may get some replies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4610" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-11-20T20:31:36.073" Title="Open-source/freeware testing tool for Set-Top Box" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-02T14:07:41.193" Score="6" ViewCount="2225" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am able to open the Opera browser using Selenium Opera driver.  But I am unable to navigate to any URL using: &lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Opera driver starts and doesn't load the given link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&#xA;Adding the failure trace from comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException:&#xA;com.opera.core.systems.scope.exceptions.ResponseNotReceivedException: &#xA;No response in a timely fashion Build info: version: '2.28.0', revision: '18309', time: '2012-12-11 20:21:18' System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.7.0_02' Driver info: driver.version: OperaDriver Build info: version: '2.28.0', revision: '18309', time: '2012-12-11 20:21:18' System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.7.0_02'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4427" LastEditorUserId="5691" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T16:30:28.583" LastActivityDate="2014-03-02T18:46:03.017" Title="Using Selenium Opera Driver doesn't start my test execution" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2013-01-03T05:20:16.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am fairly new in Software Testing and been trying to self study automated testing too. I've been using this free software testing course at Udacity.com. It has notes and forums which are really helpful as well. It uses Python. Hope this helps! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T05:20:16.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5452" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5460" CreationDate="2013-01-03T07:59:34.683" Score="25" ViewCount="1548" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am an entry-level tester and been experiencing new things about testing every day which is great. So I am thinking, how do I deal with an intermittent bug since its most likely that developers won't be able to reproduce the error. Should I file it still for the record?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T14:44:24.043" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T14:44:24.043" Title="Reporting Intermittent Bugs" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5416" CreationDate="2013-01-03T08:48:25.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the requirements or what the stakeholders want. Although ideally, zoom levels should be tested since there are users who use the zoom functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T08:48:25.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5454" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-03T09:51:44.180" Score="3" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an industry standard on how many zoom levels should be tested when working on a website? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T12:15:55.163" Title="Industry standard on testing zoom levels" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5450" CreationDate="2013-01-03T10:10:38.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote installation instructions for watir-webdriver: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/watir/watirbook/blob/master/installation/windows.md#opera-with-watir-webdriver-on-xp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Opera with watir-webdriver on XP&lt;/a&gt;. It was a while ago, but as far as I remember on Windows XP I had to install &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable Package (x86)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="552" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T10:10:38.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5474" CreationDate="2013-01-03T10:41:40.807" Score="-2" ViewCount="3391" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Web app which has built-in chatroom. The chatroom was built with Flash and it will be loaded within the webpage. Any ideas and guidance to test in this scenario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of scenarios can I apply to test it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any automated tools to test for my scenario? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If testing is manual then please guide me what may be the criteria to test the web application with a Flash chatroom&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I've done the following to test it :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;logged into chatroom from multiple machines chatted each other&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checked user criteria's (login details etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;crash tested application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other things I missed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-05T09:12:01.430" LastActivityDate="2013-01-05T17:00:59.707" Title="How can I test a chatroom in a webpage?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-03-10T19:04:56.977" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5452" CreationDate="2013-01-03T11:00:56.820" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Log the bug.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, it's often turns out to be useful to have a record of the bug. If the bug manifests itself on a customer's machine at some later point (perhaps months later) and it suddenly becomes important to fix it, at least you've got somewhere to start from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if the developer cannot reproduce the bug, they may be able to add extra logging that will help identify the cause if the bug appears again. They may also be able to review their code and identify the cause that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T11:00:56.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5461" CreationDate="2013-01-03T11:16:53.547" Score="-1" ViewCount="743" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing an application which has chatrooms, where the users will input emoticons while chatting each other. The user will input the various types of smiley/emoticons in it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I write a test case for emoticons?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User input will be converted to image. E.g., smile icon will be shown in place of &lt;code&gt;:)&lt;/code&gt; string. The smileys will be integrated into the Java chatroom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-05T07:13:20.633" LastActivityDate="2013-01-05T07:13:20.633" Title="Converting emoticons to images in chatroom: how to test this?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5449" CreationDate="2013-01-03T11:26:48.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you give up on the open source and free &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rt-rk.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RT-RK&lt;/a&gt; (or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bbt.rs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Black Box Testing&lt;/a&gt; I'm not sure who's who) has a set top boxes testing solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The demo was impressive, we never got beyond it though (we developed an in house solution)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T11:26:48.263" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5452" CreationDate="2013-01-03T12:02:12.443" Score="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes, by all means - you &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; write a bug report!&lt;/strong&gt; In your report, note that the bug is intermittent, and leave comments about your investigation, what you have done to try and reproduce the problem, and any other clues you can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers may not be able to reproduce the issue, but they may be able to see the bug in the code itself, or add additional code to help expose the bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another reader of the bug report may be able to add additional information which leads to a way to reproduce the bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes writing it down, walking away for a day, then returning to the bug can lead to a breakthrough for reproducing the bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it turns out not to be an important bug, or not to be an actual bug at all. In that case, it has only cost you a little bit of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; way you can lose here is to not write a bug report, only to find out later that it was indeed an important bug. Imagine that the VP of Client Services comes to you and says that an important customer has this bug. Then she asks you why you didn't find it first. Are you going to be happy to say &quot;Well, I did find it, but because it was intermittent, I didn't bother to file a bug report&quot;? Yikes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's more on my thinking:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/non-reproducible-bugs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/non-reproducible-bugs.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here's an excellent article from James Bach about How to Investigate Intermittent Issues:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/34&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2019-08-09T15:11:48.760" LastActivityDate="2019-08-09T15:11:48.760" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5458" CreationDate="2013-01-03T12:11:36.213" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You write this test case the same way you would write any other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand all the variables of interest (in this case emoticons)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determine how to set the variable to the desired values (Input the emoticons)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determine how to verify that the expected results occur&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if unexpected results occur&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your system, how is the &quot;smiley/emoticons&quot; feature different from any other feature you are testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-01-03T22:12:31.033" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T22:12:31.033" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5454" CreationDate="2013-01-03T12:15:55.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know of no &quot;Industry Standard&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And whenever I hear this sort of question, I always think &quot;What &lt;em&gt;industry&lt;/em&gt; do you mean?&quot; The testing industry? The software industry? The website industry? The industry that offers an application identical to yours?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; particular website, what kind of zooming do &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; users do? That's where you should be concentrating your testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe in response to a similar question you said &quot;It depends on the requirements or what the stakeholders want.&quot; That was good advice. Unless you work in a regulated environment, check with your requirements and stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T12:15:55.163" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5445" CreationDate="2013-01-03T19:29:18.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The worth of the certification depends totally on your environment. It's definitely possible to do good quality assurance or testing without the certificate. On the otherhand, knowing more about IT services doesn't hurt, but if taking the course means that you can't participate in some other course, I think you can find better choices. Finally, when looking for a job it's up to the recruiter how much they value such certificates and up to you how much you want to work in an environment that would value the certificate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2013-01-03T19:29:18.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5466" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5481" CreationDate="2013-01-03T23:21:22.323" Score="4" ViewCount="20151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not being able to select a value from a Kendo's dropdown, this is the code (C#):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var select = FindElement(By.Id(&quot;Type&quot;));&#xA;select.SelectByValue(&quot;HouseHold&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's not the selenium raw api, I'm wrapping it up. In this case, FindElement() returns a SelectElement, but when I try to select a value nothing happens on my target web-app (I don't get any code exception, the test succeeds). I believe that Selenium does not support this Kendo UI control, is there a recommended way to handle not supported UI elements like this one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        &amp;lt;ul class=&quot; gs-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;li class=&quot;gs-3 gs&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;label for=&quot;Type&quot;&amp;gt;Type *&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;select class=&quot;selId-28150fa4-9183-4b25-b149-ba1f72d72a93&quot; data-val=&quot;true&quot; data-val-required=&quot;The field Type is required&quot;&#xA;          id=&quot;Type&quot; name=&quot;Type&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;option value=&quot;Individual&quot;&amp;gt;Individual&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;option value=&quot;HouseHold&quot;&amp;gt;HouseHold&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;option value=&quot;Business&quot;&amp;gt;Business&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt; &#xA;          &amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;$(&amp;amp;quot;select.selId-28150fa4-9183-4b25-b149-ba1f72d72a93&amp;amp;quot;).kendoDropDownList();&#xA;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1448" LastEditorUserId="1448" LastEditDate="2013-01-04T13:56:01.010" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T10:17:42.337" Title="Selenium WebDriver: select value from KendoUI DropDownList" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5458" CreationDate="2013-01-04T00:25:09.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Joe provides a good generic template for any test. But, you don't really provide enough information in your question. Are the emoticons in your app font based or embedded images, or both? Some specific considerations for testing emoticons (or emoji) that you might want to consider include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;does your app have a function that enables the user to input 2 or more typographical characters that are converted to a graphical image (usu. gif) embedded in the html or rtf stream? If so, when does the conversion/mapping occur? What are the valid/invalid key combinations?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;does your app also provide soft input of emoticons via a popup list/table or soft keyboard? If so, these emoticons may be font based rather than an embedded image. In this case, you might want to check if the emoticons are displayed correctly or at all on other apps or across the network. Many new emoticons are Unicode surrogate pair characters and not supported on all platforms or by all apps (esp cloud apps) (e.g. Facebook and Twitter are horrible at dealing with newer emoticons see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2012/05/21/testing-with-surrogate-code-points/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testing with surrogate pair characters&lt;/a&gt;). Also, not all platforms, devices, etc., support all the emoticons defined in Unicode 6.2&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-01-04T00:25:09.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5445" CreationDate="2013-01-04T00:31:04.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following thread includes discussions regarding the value of certifications in the software testing profession in general: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1055/do-istqb-iseb-testing-certificates-prove-someone-can-test?rq=1&quot;&gt;Do ISTQB/ISEB Testing Certificates prove that someone can test?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't answer your specific question regarding ITIL certification, but should be pretty informative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-01-04T00:31:04.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5472" CreationDate="2013-01-04T07:48:50.583" Score="8" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am about to start managing a team of testers within a company. Each tester is on a different team, one tester per team. For example, one tester is on the database team, another on the software support team, etc. &#xA;Since each of these development team is effectively a silo I want to begin holding a daily scrum for the testing team. This is mainly for two reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication - There is little cross-team interaction. Having communication within the test team will help us all to spot potential issues across the whole development department and communicate them to the team leaders&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support - It can be lonely being the only tester on the team. I want each tester to know that they are part of a team of testers with all the support that entails. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the above in mind, should I be looking to conduct my scrum with the testers differently from a normal scrum? In other words, should they be conveying anything more than the usual &quot;yesterday, today, blocking&quot; pieces of information? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:30:51.420" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:31:22.877" Title="Should a scrum be any different for testers from multiple teams?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5445" CreationDate="2013-01-04T12:22:53.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your title mentions ITIL &lt;strong&gt;training&lt;/strong&gt;, while your question talks about ITIL &lt;strong&gt;certification&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Training and certification are not the same thing. You may find some benefit from the training, while the certification may provide little to no value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To examine the training aspect, look at what you will learn during any classes, look at the syllabus, etc. Decide if these are things you want to learn, and consider if it will help you on your current career path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To examine the certification aspect, look on job boards and see how many software testing jobs (if any) require ITIL Certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/software-qa-certifications-aid-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/software-qa-certifications-aid-to.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2019-03-21T17:10:14.883" LastActivityDate="2019-03-21T17:10:14.883" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2013-01-04T12:41:32.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that a scrum meeting should be really quick, how much support will this actually give the testers! Why are you calling it a scrum, can't it just be a meeting? Also, if you are 'managing' the testers then it seems to more of a meeting than a self-organized scrum...&#xA;Not saying your idea is wrong, not sure that calling it a scrum is the best terminology&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:31:22.877" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:31:22.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2013-01-04T13:03:12.320" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;What value is &quot;yesterday, today, blocking&quot; to this team of testers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presumably, they have similar scrums where they present the same information to the functional team they are assigned to. So you may be asking them to repeat what they have just said, or will soon say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you instead want to focus your meeting on &quot;what is important for other testers to hear&quot;. Perhaps issues on one team are relevant to another. Perhaps delays on the database team will impact the support team, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what makes this meeting a &quot;scrum&quot; in your company. But for all meetings, the organizer should consider&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should we meet at all?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What value do I want the participants to receive from this meeting?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this the most effective/efficient way to deliver this value?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do weekly team meetings to discuss the status and cross-team impact.&#xA;And we do bi-weekly learning sessions to discuss tips, tricks, and the QA profession in general.&#xA;Finally, I do weekly one-on-one meetings with each of the individuals to focus on their specific needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:31:03.550" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:31:03.550" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5466" CreationDate="2013-01-04T18:28:20.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, Kendo UI (or any ajax library, or asp, or etc) makes no difference to Selenium since all it does is generate HTML and Selenium interacts directly with the HTML/DOM.  If Selenium does not work with this select box, it would be a Selenium bug with any UI, not just Kendo UI.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does something like this work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; options = select.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;        IWebElement matchingOption = options.FirstOrDefault(opt =&amp;gt; opt.GetAttribute(&quot;value&quot;) == &quot;HouseHold&quot;);&#xA;        if (matchingOption == null)&#xA;        {&#xA;            throw new Exception(&quot;The option was not found in the ComboBox&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        matchingOption.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-01-04T18:28:20.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5456" CreationDate="2013-01-05T10:01:43.230" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've got a distributed app where messages traverse between clients through a server. I wish I had something like that to test :-). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've probably tried in your life a number of chat applications (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skype.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Skype&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IRC&lt;/a&gt;, online chats, Gmail chat, comments in Word documments), so you know how different chats can be. You probably have also your own image of how chat room should look and work like. Therefore, you should thus ask yourself more about expected behavior of the application, before inventing test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should messages be always delivered? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it real-time synchronous chat or more like a forum, where people can leave a message for the future (e.g., chat here on StackExchange)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How messages should be delivered to peers that have temporary network connectivity problems? Different applications have different politics about buffering messages when a recipient is not online. Some of them buffer them on sender side (Skype), other cache them on server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should messages be delivered over secured channel? Combination of SSL an Flash can be tricky to implement correctly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should the same user be able to log in from two different machines at the same time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What media peers can exchange on chat? Text, formatted text, images?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many people can participate in a chat? Two? Three? Four? Are there any limitations? Should &quot;real-timeness&quot; of message delivery scale well for large number of peers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any special commands on chat? For instance IRC provided a number of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_Relay_Chat_commands&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;commands&lt;/a&gt; for setting up a topic on a channel, moderating the channel, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How large messages can be? Can I sent encoded MP3 through it without problem? ;-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can special characters be sent by client? How are characters encoded? UTF-8, ASCII or other standard? Is encoding fixed on client side (as was in IRC) or it is negotiated between client and a server automatically?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How are messages ordered in a chat? Based on posting time or delivery time? This particularly relates to messages sent when peer(s) are not online&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How output should be formatted? Compare for instance Skype with chat room here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you edit/remove messages you've already sent?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should time of message sending be shown? How does this should work for clients from different time-zones or with some inter-clock skew?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What about DoS attack? Is there a risk of such?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are chat entries persisted in DB? If so, then what about SQL injection?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-05T17:00:59.707" LastActivityDate="2013-01-05T17:00:59.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5122" CreationDate="2013-01-05T19:38:16.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Verification is verifying the expected behavior, but this doesn't make it valid.  If you click on a widget, you can verify an action is triggered by that interaction.  But it might bring up some UI that blocks other widgets or may not provide a UI that allows dismissal of the widget, thus blocking using the program.  This would be invalid, as the user is blocked from further using the program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would tend to think of validation to include subjective evaluation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4630" LastActivityDate="2013-01-05T19:38:16.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5469" CreationDate="2013-01-07T02:20:37.103" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though an answer was already accepted I felt to offer another perspective:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should not run a scrum for the testers only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effective scrum teams rely on their ability to self govern and self organize.  So each team will handle things in their own way.  If a tester has an issue, he/she should bring it to the scrum master and work it out in the team.  If they cannot solve it, then it goes to the scrum of scrums where the appropriate resources are allocated.  In my opinion, a strong team dynamic is the most important part of a successful scrum and that needs to be figured out by the team itself, not governed to them.  Having a sidebar scrum meeting could create problems.  Things could be brought up in one and not the other, or things being repeated twice and having two separate resources trying to solve the same thing.  At worst, this could push the testers further away from the rest of their own scrum team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the thing you are looking to organize is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_practice&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;community of practice&lt;/a&gt;.  I created ours and it has been extremely useful.  We use it to stay connected with other testers, share cool testing ideas, and determine testing standards.  For more info on creating one, I found this &lt;a href=&quot;http://hbswk.hbs.edu/archive/2855.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:31:11.227" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:31:11.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5399" CreationDate="2013-01-07T04:22:04.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure the VirtualBox server, that allows to remotely manage VMs, and start it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;VBoxManage setproperty websrvauthlibrary null &#xA;vboxwebsrv&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(from &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/VirtualBox+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/VirtualBox+Plugin&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4633" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-07T18:15:27.137" LastActivityDate="2013-01-07T18:15:27.137" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5479" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-07T21:18:07.357" Score="1" ViewCount="10434" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this question has been asked before on S.O. and other websites but I haven't found a definite answer -- most of them say its not easily done but I wanted to make sure that was the final verdict.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a website that is using Highcharts (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.highcharts.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.highcharts.com&lt;/a&gt;) using Selenium WebDriver (Java).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I basically want to grab the information that is displayed in a small tooltip pop-up that appears when you hover your mouse over each datapoint on the Highchart's line graph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at the web page's HTML code, I noticed there is &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;g class=&quot;highcharts-tooltip&quot;...&lt;/code&gt;. I also noticed that, as you move your mouse, the &lt;code&gt;(X,Y)&lt;/code&gt; values in &lt;code&gt;...transform=&quot;translate(X,Y)&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; change, which then changes the information displayed in the tool tip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing this, my approach would be to somehow grab all the &lt;code&gt;(X,Y)&lt;/code&gt; values and plug them into the &lt;code&gt;transform&lt;/code&gt; fields and grab the tooltip data. But I don't know how to programmatically grab all the &lt;code&gt;(X,Y)&lt;/code&gt; values through Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone tackles this issue in the past or has a better way to grab the necessary information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also asked this question on StackOverflow - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14202731/selenium-webdriver-and-highchart-testing&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14202731/selenium-webdriver-and-highchart-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4563" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T04:36:25.883" Title="Selenium WebDriver and Highchart testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5479" CreationDate="2013-01-07T23:09:14.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium does not necessarily have built in support for SVG &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/svg/default.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/svg/default.asp&lt;/a&gt; which is what Highcharts uses for its charts.  However, there are a couple of ways you may be able to approach this.  It is also unclear exactly what you want to test or how you want to interact with these elements.  Assuming that all you need to do is change the x/y coordinates of the mouse and read the tooltip - here are my suggestions. These are in C#, but JAVA should be pretty similar.  I have not tried any of them, so you would need to try them out yourself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the x/y coordinates of the rect tag and then use an offset of that to move the mouse to the locations you want.  You would need to know ahead of time what offsets you want to move to (no easy way I know of to determine the offset based on the content within the SVG).  You can use the Actions classes MoveToElement method with the overload to provide an offset for x and y coordinates.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute javascript to directly modify the x/y coordinates using the ExecuteScript function: (IJavaScriptExecutor)webDriver.ExecuteScript(script, args)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting the tooltip should be the simplest part, since you should be able to find the element and use the GetAttribute method to get the tooltip value (or inner text, I can't tell from your example above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-01-07T23:09:14.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5466" CreationDate="2013-01-08T04:17:23.830" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find it easiest to automate the KendoUI DropDownList using javascript. As an added bonus, this makes it work with &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void KendoSelectByValue(this IWebDriver driver, IWebElement select, string value)&#xA;{&#xA;    var selectElement = new SelectElement(select);&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; selectElement.Options.Count; i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (selectElement.Options[i].GetAttribute(&quot;value&quot;) == value || selectElement.Options[i].GetAttribute(&quot;text&quot;) == value)&#xA;        {&#xA;            var id = select.GetAttribute(&quot;id&quot;);&#xA;            ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(String.Format(&quot;$('#{0}').data('kendoDropDownList').select({1});&quot;, id, i));&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4636" LastEditorUserId="4636" LastEditDate="2013-01-08T05:16:18.380" LastActivityDate="2013-01-08T05:16:18.380" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5487" CreationDate="2013-01-08T09:43:38.233" Score="-2" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone has asked me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Which way to measure 'why customer leaves our site?' or 'closes our apps' ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;How to complete our statistics and KPI that are More complete &amp;amp; More perfect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;How can we relate changes in visit by our customer (in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/analytics/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Analytics&lt;/a&gt; statistics) and the new improvement that we apply it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;How can we design a survey and how can we send it to the customer so that our image in the customer's mind does not get worse?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4310" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-01-09T14:43:02.580" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T14:56:41.100" Title="How to use statistics to improve our site?" Tags="&lt;data-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-01-11T16:40:23.477" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5176" CreationDate="2013-01-08T15:12:26.627" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://icutest.com/icu/quick_start.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quick start guide&lt;/a&gt; the principle method used in generating the test code is CheckView(). Which compares two png screenshots of a screen a before and after then throws an exception if there are any differences. In the background it does this with some unit testing code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static IcuTest ICU = IcuTestStarter.IcuFromDir(@&quot;c:\test_data&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void TestMyWindow()&#xA;{&#xA;    ICU.Invoke(() =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        var w = new MyWindow();&#xA;        w.Show();&#xA;        ICU.CheckView(w, &quot;MyWindowTest&quot;);&#xA;        w.Close();&#xA;    });&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't use this tool in production, but it seems to me to just be a proprietary unit testing framework specialized for UI work - with the main aim to avoid threading issues. Maybe have a look &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58340/how-to-test-a-wpf-user-interface&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for a open source solution you can modify and build on. As I would be worried about this auto generated method misinterpreting my screens (although maybe someone with more expertise on this product could provide more information - I could be wrong).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4460" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-01-08T15:12:26.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5399" CreationDate="2013-01-08T16:27:04.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Figured it out.  The host IP in the VM configuration window in Jenkins has to be the IPv4 address of the host-only adapter (in this case, 192.168.120.1).  I also changed the host port in the port forwarding rule from 3022 to 22.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For historical reference, the username and password fields (which appear when the &quot;Advanced&quot; button under the &quot;Host&quot; field in the the Jenkins VM configuration window is clicked) need to be set the the username and password on your VM.  I'm not sure if you &lt;em&gt;need&lt;/em&gt; to configure Ubuntu to log in that user automatically when the machine boots up (so that the SSH daemon can start) but I did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4556" LastActivityDate="2013-01-08T16:27:04.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2013-01-08T21:23:32.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getautoma.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Automa&quot;&gt;Automa&lt;/a&gt;. It's a young product and thus very reasonably priced in comparison to other tools on the market. It lets you use simple commands such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;start(&quot;notepad&quot;)&#xA;click(&quot;File&quot;, &quot;Save&quot;)&#xA;write(&quot;Hello World&quot;, into=&quot;File name&quot;).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its unique advantage is that it's very non-technical: Unlike other tools, it doesn't require knowing application-internal ids such as &lt;code&gt;&quot;textfield1234&quot;&lt;/code&gt; or using tons of &lt;code&gt;waitFor&lt;/code&gt;-commands. Like Sikuli, it also supports image recognition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer:&lt;/em&gt; I'm one of Automa's developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4644" LastActivityDate="2013-01-08T21:23:32.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5482" CreationDate="2013-01-09T14:56:41.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is really less of an SQA question, and more about &quot;how to I use web site analytics&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can search for &quot;website analytics&quot; to learn more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://analytics.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://analytics.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T14:56:41.100" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5488" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5491" CreationDate="2013-01-09T20:49:15.843" Score="6" ViewCount="29242" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone found a name for a software testing team that they think really communicates our role well?  Our team is brainstorming ideas right now, and I know this is something my last team struggled with as well.  That suggests lots of other test / SQA teams also have this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen a lot of options, and a lot of rebuttals, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test team:&lt;/strong&gt;  We aren't just testers, we do a lot more than perform functionality checks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality Assurance:&lt;/strong&gt;  We can't &amp;quot;assure&amp;quot; quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality Control:&lt;/strong&gt;  We don't get to &amp;quot;control&amp;quot; quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of this, QA and test each have certain connotations that vary from place to place. Here, QA implies low-skill test work or a bureaucratic approach to testing (process over people).  I've heard almost the reverse from other people - that QA was chosen because testing implies low skill levels - suggesting this is pretty localized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best option out there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-09T12:20:21.283" LastActivityDate="2020-10-09T12:20:21.283" Title="Test team names" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-09T20:59:38.560" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I seldom worry about individual titles and even less about department names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My team is called Quality Assurance. Nobody in my company actually thinks we assure quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T20:59:38.560" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-09T21:05:18.667" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm quite happy to be called a tester and though a lone gun would also be happy to be a test team&#xA;If other people think 'testing' is demeaning or lowly then educate them into exactly what you do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And depends on your definition of 'testing' - see this post from Alan Page for example - &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=298&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=298&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-11T05:31:09.140" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T05:31:09.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-09T21:40:40.537" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The testing team I'm on finally got everyone to start calling us &quot;testers&quot; and &quot;testing&quot; instead of &quot;QA&quot;. We're organizationally a separate team from development, but de facto we work as a whole team together. Testers often pair with programmers, and programmers often do testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's true that as testers we do a huge variety of activities, and some people may not recognize some of them as &quot;testing&quot;. But &quot;testing&quot; can be a wide-ranging definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in the 90s people got away from using the terms &quot;tester&quot; and &quot;testing&quot;, I think because there were a lot of people calling themselves testers who were just doing scripted manual testing and not adding much value. Somehow, &quot;Quality Assurance&quot; or &quot;QA Engineer&quot; sounded more important. In the past 12 years I've tried to reclaim the term &quot;tester&quot;, and make it something to be proud of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4648" LastActivityDate="2013-01-09T21:40:40.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-10T06:52:37.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At our company, all our QAs/Testers work in project teams that consist of BAs, PMs and developers. We have never seen the need to seclude roles into their own separate teams - seems to work for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T06:52:37.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-10T08:05:50.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer &lt;em&gt;software&lt;/em&gt; testers. This helps separate the different roles in an environment with multiple levels of testing: digital verification at the chip design level, HW verification at the chip level and software testing at the Operating System level.&#xA;Others call us testers or QA as a general term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-12T00:42:47.377" LastActivityDate="2013-01-12T00:42:47.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-10T12:55:02.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I've done both Testing and Release, kind of fun to be on both sides of the fence, typically I am either an SQA Engineer or a Release Engineer.  Though I do more than either title represents I am happy to just say I am in IS or Engineering depending on the audience I am talking with; then I let them figure out what my team is.  More important I find is the elevator pitch to what I do, if I can't say it simply and under 15 seconds then I'm not doing it right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T12:55:02.603" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3713" CreationDate="2013-01-10T14:04:38.407" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very good question... why ISN'T Sahi more common?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was evaluating tools a few years back I first tried Selenium RC and liked the overall nature of the tool  but found, in my experience, in all honesty, it just didn't work. It didn't work well with IE (a deal-breaker for many) and was way too flakey (tests often failed for no reason, hung on waits, crashed, etc...). I ended up working around the tool's issues more than testing... which was too bad because I really like it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like the OP, I then stumbled upon Sahi and found it similarly nice to how Selenium operates... except everything I tried worked. Sahi runs great on IE, FireFox, Chrome and Safari; it handles waits implicitly (you do not need to put any waits in your scripts); can run tests in parallel right out of the box (so to speak); and &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.sahi.co.in/2010/04/sahi-vs-selenium.html&quot;&gt;many many other great features&lt;/a&gt;... long story short: Sahi was just like Selenuim... except it worked!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was a complete no-brainer for me. I've been using Sahi for a few years (the first year completely on the free, open source version, which disproves Tarken's misguided response above) and have found it a fantastic tool for test automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do wish there were more folks blogging about Sahi (&lt;a href=&quot;http://qualityshepherd.com&quot;&gt;besides me&lt;/a&gt;)... this unfortunately gives flippant, biased statements (as seen here) more credence. But this will change if folks just give it a try.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer to the OPs question, &lt;strong&gt;Sahi isn't as common as other tools because they are better at building tools than they are at marketing.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Narayan, I would love to see Sahi at a few of the US conferences!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4653" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T14:04:38.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3713" CreationDate="2013-01-10T17:53:08.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using Sahi for over 2 years and in that I have used it as an open source for more than a year. I have found that sahi &quot;works for me&quot; instead of &quot;me working for the tool&quot; in case of QTP and Selenium. Speed!. Everything comes so easy with Sahi.&#xA;Write up tests, make suites, schedule them....&#xA;Even as an Open source I was completely satisfied, and I am not sure how much exposure Tarken has but seems like very immature to talk about something you have no experience with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4655" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T17:53:08.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5452" CreationDate="2013-01-10T19:29:33.710" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should certainly log the issue, probably with the word intermittent in the title and perhaps a keyword/tag specifically for these kinds of bugs (depending upon your defect tracker).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the steps taken to recreate this bug, because so many of them depend on what you did before the particular operation that triggered the bug, try to capture as many of the steps you can remember between your fresh session and the bug.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, instead of just associating the bug with the Edit a Comment function with the steps associated with what post you commented on and what text you entered in the comment, try to frame it with some of the things you did before that (I visited the site, I logged in, I looked at my profile, I changed my avatar, I clicked a like and then clicked the unlike, I added a comment to post A, and then I added a comment to post B and the error occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These valuable details might help establish a pattern, especially if you revisit the report and add this path every time it occurs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some Friday, when you've got an hour to kill until quitting time and your desk already sparkles, you might want to look for these kinds of bugs and see what sort of pattern emerges over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, and for Pete's sake, don't let them close intermittent issues as not reproducible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4659" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T19:29:33.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-10T19:53:53.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software Quality Assurance is the business of informing stakeholders the state of the software in which they have stake. Assessment of the software requires analysis. The logical deduction then is that your team is a Software Quality Assurance team made up of Software Quality Analysts. In the course of analysis, the analysts assess how an implementation measures up to expectations by conducting tests and reporting the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4660" LastActivityDate="2013-01-10T19:53:53.853" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-10T21:15:33.760" Score="6" ViewCount="586" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing a client/server platform that communicates over TCP/IP, is there a tool available to mimic various types of interposed network component, such a firewall with NAT or a SOCKS5 server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, I want to have this configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;client &amp;lt;-&gt; proxy &amp;lt;-&gt; server&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to be able to specify what type of proxy to mimic and I don't want to install a bunch of heavy or expensive proxy servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bonus would be for the proxy to include traffic shaping features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4660" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T00:25:41.137" Title="What tools are available for testing client/server software in various network topologies?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;sockets&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2768" CreationDate="2013-01-11T05:50:40.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had great success with &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt; recently. The only tests that fail are those that involve javascript alerts, but &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver/issues/20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;that functionality should be implemented soon anyway&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can launch PhantomJS with the command&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;phantomjs.exe --webdriver=4444&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And configure selenium to use the remote web driver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var hubUrl = new Uri(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub&quot;);&#xA;var capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.PhantomJS();&#xA;var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(hubUrl, capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then PhantomJS will truck along in the background, never stealing focus from your other work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4636" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T05:50:40.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5502" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5507" CreationDate="2013-01-11T06:28:01.800" Score="3" ViewCount="440" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on this ticket created by a fellow QA Tester. The ticket requires a notification message with a link to be created. Our developer worked on it and acceptance test was met. However, upon checking I noticed a UI issue concerning the text alignment of the notification message. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am confused if I should pass or fail the ticket. I came up with two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, fail the ticket altogether even though it has passed the acceptance test since the new UI issue is part of the notification message created. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, pass the ticket and create another ticket for the new UI issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking of going with my first option since it can be easily fixed by the developer who initially worked on it. But I am not sure if that would be okay because the original acceptance test passed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you advise how to handle this issue? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4278" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-11T07:05:35.977" LastActivityDate="2013-11-22T06:45:41.107" Title="Bug Fix Verification - UI Design" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5502" CreationDate="2013-01-11T06:53:37.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It often happens that notification popups/balloons/components are reused across whole application. Hence, a defect you have found may appear in other part of the application. I would try to confirm that first (e.g., by checking other pages and talking to your developers how components are used), and if so then the issue may need a separate defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if the issue manifests only in this place, then probably the effort to fix it and re-test, and the impact it has, might be little comparing to the effort of creating a separate ticket. If so, you may consider (e.g. if you work together with developers) asking a developer to fix it without reporting the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, if similar issue occurs in one place and does not occur in another, I would be more suspicious about similar issues for UI components, since it might look like components were not styled by developers with &lt;em&gt;re-usability&lt;/em&gt; in mind. You may consider discuss/signalize this too to your developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-11T06:59:34.940" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T06:59:34.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5502" CreationDate="2013-01-11T06:59:38.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several possible outcomes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a QA process for you, not you're for the QA process. As @dzieciou noticed, if you &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; that solving the problem would be faster by just picking up the phone and speaking to the developer, it worth trying. In case if the developer says, oh yes, I'll do it at once - the problem is solved. However, the developer may be busy right now, and you have to follow the common defect lifecycle.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;(update)&lt;/strong&gt; Since you are working remotely, by all means, it's much better to follow the standard QA process in a written form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is actually a process of comparison between the actual functioning of the program and the formal documentation. &lt;strong&gt;It is possible that the specification is incomplete&lt;/strong&gt; and should be improved. Depending on your mutual agreement, it may be either the same issue updated or a new one created, and it also may affect other project-related artifacts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, creating UI-specific defect may be preferable since issue tracking systems have extra fields that are specific for UI problems, e.g., screen resolution, Web browser (for Web apps), zoom level, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2013-01-11T07:04:57.750" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T07:04:57.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5505" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-11T08:21:07.287" Score="0" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am gearing up to start a project where development will be taking place in-house and with a third party at the same time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find a solution which will allow both us and the third party to view and process any bugs which have been reported, whilst helping me to track their progress in an efficient way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We won't have time to set up a new server, gain permission from my company to allow outside access, and the set up the database. We have a sharepoint &quot;database&quot; which has been used with some success in-house, but that cannot be pointed to the outside world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only solutions I can see is exporting our DB and sending it to the outside developers, or signing up for a bug reporting system which is hosted online. The former of those two is never fun for a test lead on a big project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have experience of this, and are there any reasonable, cost effective solutions out there? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T05:39:12.467" Title="Bug Reporting/Tracking Solution for Third Party and In-house Teams" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5505" CreationDate="2013-01-11T11:55:33.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like a hosted solution would best meet your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that something your company's security policies will permit? And will you have time to gain permission to share bug reports externally?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another alternative is to use your internal bug tracking system, but appoint someone to handle bugs found externally. Your third-party dev team sends bug reports to that person who files them internally on their behalf. And that person also publishes bug information to the third party periodically (perhaps through a spreadsheet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd prefer a hosted solution if permitted. But I've used the internal-interface-person solution when dealing with customers (who would never be permitted direct access to our internal bug tracking system in my shop).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-01-11T12:11:25.153" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T12:11:25.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5502" CreationDate="2013-01-11T12:02:52.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does &quot;acceptance test was met&quot; imply in your shop?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some shops &quot;acceptance&quot; means the owner/end user/relevant stakeholder has deemed the software sufficient (not perfect, but good enough). Further, in some shops this implies that no further funding is authorized for the project.  If this is the case in your shop, then your only option may be to &quot;close&quot; the ticket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were verifying the ticket, I'd likely choose the second option (&quot;pass the ticket and create another ticket for the new UI issue.&quot;) Clearly the change met someone's acceptance criteria, yet you still see a potential issue worth pointing out. That issue may be fixed now, deferred to a later date, or simply rejected as &quot;good enough&quot;, depending on the stakeholders'  view of the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T12:02:52.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-11T12:23:04.063" Score="4" ViewCount="11208" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to set timeout for page load in Selenium test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a problem, when sometimes test execution freezes on page load (application doesn't load new page, test hangs up), so test needs to be killed manually - this wouldn't be a problem if I would run only one test on nightly bases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout()&lt;/code&gt; only works on &lt;code&gt;driver.get(URL)&lt;/code&gt; method - it doesn't work when Selenium clicks buttons and links during test execution. Is this correct? How can I manage time of wait for every page load?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4667" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-11T17:51:00.767" LastActivityDate="2013-02-10T18:12:33.233" Title="Selenium - page load timeout" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5505" CreationDate="2013-01-11T12:31:28.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to give your third party limited vpn access, especially only through a browser or some sort.  Have their permissions locked down to only be able to access Share Point (or the tracker that you'd prefer) and then lock down their permissions within whatever application so that they can only access this project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T12:31:28.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5508" CreationDate="2013-01-11T15:04:13.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're correct that &lt;code&gt;Click()&lt;/code&gt; will not wait for a page load, so the page load timeout does not apply. I follow clicks with a wait for some element that I know will be on the page that is loading. You can setup an implicit timeout&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then simply try to find the appropriate element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;link.Click();&#xA;&#xA;// implicit timeout&#xA;var element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//div[contains(@class, 'alert-error')] | //ul[id('menu')]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or use an explicit timeout/wait. Note that the implicit timeout still affects this code, so any explicit timeouts should be longer than the implicit setting otherwise they won't really do anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;link.Click();&#xA;&#xA;// explicit timeout&#xA;var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5));&#xA;var element = wait.Until(driver =&amp;gt; driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//div[contains(@class, 'alert-error')] | //ul[id('menu')]&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4636" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-11T17:52:40.047" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T17:52:40.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1488" CreationDate="2013-01-11T19:27:36.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would call Approvaltest as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regression_tests&lt;/a&gt;: it verifies that the result of a test is the same as the last execution of the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words it verifies that the result hasnot changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="807" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T19:27:36.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5499" CreationDate="2013-01-11T20:48:58.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have not specified what all kinds of proxies you would like to mimic, but to me it sounds like any linux box could be your solution and serve running those programs. If you want more complicated network topologies or just don't have even the one machine to add between the client and server, you can probably run all the components in virtual machines using for example VirtualBox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T20:48:58.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-11T21:33:42.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked in one small company that called us 'Software Demolition Squad', or SDS. I believe it represents what we have actually been doing there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3107" LastActivityDate="2013-01-11T21:33:42.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5515" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-13T17:26:25.837" Score="4" ViewCount="5227" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team develops automation solutions for various web based products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to compile &lt;strong&gt;a list of patterns and best practices&lt;/strong&gt; from the GUI web automation space that have been used and proven as successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page Object&lt;/a&gt;&quot; pattern is one pattern, though I couldn't find any books, articles or blog posts that describe it in detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are other patterns that can be used in order to create automated test cases that act on the application's GUI and that are robust and stable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4673" LastEditorUserId="4673" LastEditDate="2013-01-15T13:26:41.807" LastActivityDate="2013-01-15T13:26:41.807" Title="Web application GUI automation best practices" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5517" CreationDate="2013-01-13T18:31:39.267" Score="3" ViewCount="787" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.de/Applied-Software-Measurement-Productivity-ebook/dp/B00189ZD0E/ref=sr_1_sc_1?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1358101518&amp;amp;sr=8-1-spell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Applied Software Measurement&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.de/Code-Complete-ebook/dp/B004OR1XGK/ref=sr_1_1?s=digital-text&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1358101584&amp;amp;sr=1-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Code Complete&lt;/a&gt;&quot; the authors state concrete numbers for removal efficiency of defects found during code reviews (formal, informal etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it common to track defects found during code reviews? What about informal reviews; I could imagine that it is quite difficult to persuade developers to store found bugs in a defect management system? How have you managed that so far?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beside that, is it useful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4674" LastEditorUserId="4674" LastEditDate="2013-01-13T18:43:06.833" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T18:51:25.597" Title="Is it common to track defects found during code reviews?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;review&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5516" CreationDate="2013-01-13T18:48:48.677" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my current workplace, we don't distinguish between different ways that bugs are discovered.  If a developer expects the test team to test the bug fix, they log it.  If they don't expect the test team to test it, they don't log it.  They understand there actions have consequences, and so they make that decision carefully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We never penalize anyone for logging bugs against their own code.  We have worked places where that policy was different (or unstated), and in those circumstances some developers were afraid for anyone to log bugs against their code.  You might consider what your organization's policy is and how it impacts organizational behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-01-14T18:51:06.360" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T18:51:06.360" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5516" CreationDate="2013-01-13T19:11:32.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my company some teams report problems found in code review using collaborative code review tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.atlassian.com/software/crucible/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Crucible&lt;/a&gt;. Those allow to share comments about the code inline and integrate easily with IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our architect sometimes send e-mails with code review results and they go through grooming and are included in the backlog of stories to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, as a tester, try to avoid commenting pure technical debt. I rather report code review issues when they could result in breaking some functionality. Most issues are found during iteration, so I report them it in our iteration tracking/planning portal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your question about usefulness, I had related question in the past: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5189/is-it-fair-to-report-a-bug-discovered-during-review-without-performing-a-test&quot;&gt;Is it fair to report a bug discovered during review without performing a test?&lt;/a&gt;, (which is rather about usefulness than fairness) and one of the main conclusions was that it might be more convincing to developers, if you confirm issue found in code review with a test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-01-13T19:16:38.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5516" CreationDate="2013-01-14T00:25:39.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have personally found that the more you can reduce the overhead of developers fixing bugs before the code hits the main source branch the better off you are. I generally use a rule that as soon as a bug will be seen by or could effect someone else then it must be logged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows testers and developers to pair together as part of a pre-checkin review and very quickly find and fix bugs very efficiently, without having to go through a bug triage and approval process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tradeoff is that you lose visibility of the issues being present in the code base in your metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-01-14T18:51:25.597" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T18:51:25.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5521" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-14T14:07:29.583" Score="1" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;In previous companies, I'd decided not to test against Skype plugin breaking my website's UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it common enough now that it should be tested, just as Flash is/was common place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no analytics on how many users are having the Skype plugin installed which messes with the UI of any telephone numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having a hard time determining how to justify testing this and if there are other common plugins I should be aware of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4281" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T19:20:14.030" Title="What common browser plugins should be tested against?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5522" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-14T16:27:39.543" Score="2" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to put an updated service live we have a test team who conduct SAT, UAT etc and the desktop support team will create a Rapid Install Package (RIP) for deployment. My question is when is it best to carry out deployment testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the desktop support team creates the RIP and then deploys it to the test PCs, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if it then fails testing then it has &lt;em&gt;wasted&lt;/em&gt; their time &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;but if we wait for testing sign off before building the RIP then the testers have to later validate that the deployment works which &lt;em&gt;doubles up&lt;/em&gt; on their time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best approach here to take with deployment testing to minimize people doubling up on work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4677" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-14T18:40:39.620" LastActivityDate="2013-02-27T11:58:34.767" Title="Deployment Testing - when to perform" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5522" CreationDate="2013-01-14T17:17:51.857" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is where continuous integration comes in very handy.  Generally the simplest form of continuous integration is automatically building and executing unit tests every time code is checked in.  This is to reduce the amount of time it takes to discover possible build breaks or code level defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, many people extend continuous integration to include deployment and execution of all automated tests.  This again, gives you early warning of any potential deployment bugs and functional issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setting up an automated continuous integration environment with automated deployment and functional test cases is a lot of work, so in the case where that is not an option, or too much of an investment and you are relying on a fully manual validation then you probably want to include deployment testing as part of your normal test pass.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused by your comment about doubling up testing.  Do you normally deploy for testing purposes using some other method than this RIP?  If so, why?  As far as I understand based on your question the order of events would be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team creates RIP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RIP Deployed to test PCs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deployment validation (which most likely has a lot of overlap with functional tests anyways)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that doesn't sound right, please clarify your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T17:17:51.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5521" CreationDate="2013-01-14T17:20:42.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always taken the approach that if people install plug-ins that mess with their UI, they are doing it at their own risk.  It might be a good idea to take a cursory look at your UI while using some of those plug-ins, but I wouldn't spend very much time at all validating or developing around those plug-ins, except for very high severity issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T17:20:42.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5527" CreationDate="2013-01-14T17:22:20.323" Score="9" ViewCount="736" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any open source solutions for testing web security vulnerabilities?  I am not looking to make my web application bullet proof since it'll be used internally at our organization.  But I'd like to test it for the bare essentials from a web security perspective.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="948" LastEditorUserId="948" LastEditDate="2013-01-14T17:36:02.167" LastActivityDate="2021-04-08T06:35:35.703" Title="Open source web security testing tools" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5515" CreationDate="2013-01-14T17:25:56.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The page object pattern is a pretty simple concept, not nearly enough meat on it for an entire book, although I could definitely see a book about UI automation that included it.  This blog post has some good information about it: &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-tutorial.blogspot.com/2012/06/webdriver-page-objects-pattern.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://selenium-tutorial.blogspot.com/2012/06/webdriver-page-objects-pattern.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for other best practices, see this answer and the linked presentation/examples: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3798/good-resources-tutorials-tips-for-beginner-doing-automation/3804#3804&quot;&gt;Good resources/tutorials/tips for beginner doing automation?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T17:25:56.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5525" CreationDate="2013-01-14T17:34:23.227" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Zed Attack Proxy from OWASP - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And generally I would advise browsing the site to learn more about security&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metasploit community edition is free - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.metasploit.com/about/choose-right-edition/&quot;&gt;http://www.metasploit.com/about/choose-right-edition/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="1242" LastEditDate="2013-01-14T18:18:13.937" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T18:18:13.937" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5529" CreationDate="2013-01-10T16:37:36.890" Score="12" ViewCount="11273" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am aware of the fact that agile testing is an ongoing process and should happen in parallel to development. But how is that actually achieved? Is it even possible to fix all found issues in the same sprint?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current project status: &#xA;The company uses Scrum several years now, so everyone is familiar with that. However, we haven't had dedicated testers yet, as the intent was to have self-organizing teams, where everybody is responsible for everything. Well, that did not work as expected ;) So, each team will get one dedicated tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My plan is to integrate the tester at the very beginning of the sprint (2 weeks): estimation, sprint planning meetings etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To prevent defects, Acceptance Criteria will be refined by the Three Amigos (Tester, Developer, Product Owner) into thin slices/steel threads. Thereby it should be possible for the Testers to verify functionality asap while the developers can go on with the development of the next slice. Level of automation for each slice will be defined together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, I think testers should be able to go through the user stories manually and create bigger Test Cases or do Exploratory Testing in the same sprint. If that is done at the very end, how is it possible to fix defects in the same sprint; maybe it is not that important?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be very interesting how it works for you guys (Sprint length, type of Testing, the responsibility of the Testers etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4674" OwnerDisplayName="Roland Tiefenbrunner" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:29:13.593" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:29:47.020" Title="How to finish the testing in the same iteration/sprint?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5528" CreationDate="2013-01-11T09:06:43.217" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Achieving testing within a Sprint is mandatory for almost all teams. I cannot imagine a definition of done that would not include a requirement that work is tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ensuring that you have minimum Work In Progress (WIP) will help to ensure that you can meet the requirement of fully testing completed work. That is, finish one Product Backlog Item (PBI) completely, including testing, before moving on to the next PBI. Also, even though you have a team member that specialises in testing, it is still a Scrum Team responsibility to ensure that all of the necessary work is &quot;done&quot;. Don't load that responsibility on to the dedicated tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm intrigued as to why the Scrum Team were not able to test the work themselves and required dedicated testers? Also, are your dedicated testers able to write automated regression tests? (In my experience, these are often a mandatory requirement for Scrum Teams and are often written by software developers because the testers don't have the skill.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Derek Davidson" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:29:33.357" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:29:33.357" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5528" CreationDate="2013-01-13T18:02:41.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several factors that allow our testers to manually test effectively during a sprint cycle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Small, functionally testable stories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build/deployment automation: to me, this is the most important, builds need to be automated tested and deployed quickly if they are going to be manually tested quickly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation: automating the checks supply fast feedback, so testers can explore.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great teamwork/estimations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great testers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have 30+ teams with manual testing being done in two-week cycles and we have found team members focused on testing improve the overall quality of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" OwnerDisplayName="Steve Miskiewicz" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:29:47.020" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:29:47.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5521" CreationDate="2013-01-14T19:20:14.030" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe most computer users in the general population do not install any plugins at all -- especially if you consider mobile users.  Personally, I would not do any plugin compatibility testing  without explicit evidence of a conflict.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.creative-jar.com/post/Stopping-Skype-plugin-replacing-phone-numbers.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; recommends a way to prevent the Skype plugin from breaking your page layout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-01-14T19:20:14.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1986" CreationDate="2013-01-14T20:57:10.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer - I work for the company that made this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might find that a hosted service such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailosaur.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mailosaur&lt;/a&gt; is helpful for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can of course set up something like this yourself , but the benefit of someone else doing the hard work is obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4679" LastEditorUserId="4679" LastEditDate="2014-01-24T15:32:04.543" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T15:32:04.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3455" CreationDate="2013-01-14T23:39:18.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We threw &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fastvue.co/blog/free-windows-grep-for-w3c-log-files&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fastvue Log Grep Utility&lt;/a&gt; together to grep W3C text logs while retaining log headers and structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4681" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-15T07:08:29.867" LastActivityDate="2013-01-15T07:08:29.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5515" CreationDate="2013-01-15T09:55:58.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all I would recommend to read about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing Pyramid&lt;/a&gt; (if you do not know it yet); in a nutshell, do not create more than 10% GUI Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, I recommend these two articles from Gojko Adzic:&lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/2010/04/13/how-to-implement-ui-testing-without-shooting-yourself-in-the-foot-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ui Testing without shooting yourself&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/2007/09/25/effective-user-interface-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Effective User Interface Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our current project we (unfortunately) have  a lot of GUI Tests. What helped us a lot to get those more stable and reduce fixing time, is to raise the level of abstraction. First, you have your page objects (one object is dedicated to one page/tab). After that, create workflows that represent a certain functionality and thereby can be reused in several tests, e.g. Login. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GUI tests tend to take more time to complete, so if something happens at the very beginning, it might be possible that it still fails after 10 minutes (timeout). Therefore we introduced checkpoints; those represent a certain state (e.g. in the database) and have to be reached after a defined time. E.g. one checkpoint polls the database for the field &quot;order&quot; and if that field is still empty after 2 minutes, the test fails. Thereby you save time by failing faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4674" LastActivityDate="2013-01-15T09:55:58.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3455" CreationDate="2013-01-15T10:15:41.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://getgnuwin32.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GNU Utils for Windows&lt;/a&gt; seems to be the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not just &lt;code&gt;grep&lt;/code&gt;. It's a full-featured set of command-line utilities, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\SYSTEM&amp;gt;ls |grep &quot;grep\|sed&quot;&#xA;agrep.exe&#xA;egrep.exe&#xA;fgrep.exe&#xA;grep.exe&#xA;sed.exe&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main advantage of having native tools is &lt;strong&gt;compatibility&lt;/strong&gt;; at any moment, you are ready to migrate your scripts to a *nix platforms with low effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm having them in a special directory where the system &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt; variable points to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only disadvantage is that the native &lt;code&gt;grep&lt;/code&gt; does not support Microsoft's regular expressions syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastActivityDate="2013-01-15T10:15:41.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5528" CreationDate="2013-01-15T13:50:59.957" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote something recently that might help you out concerning &lt;a href=&quot;http://theagilecoder.wordpress.com/2012/12/22/firing-your-qa-team-is-a-bad-idea/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;using QA resources in an agile team&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In essence, what you need to do is allow for your team to provide continuous feedback by making sure development is able to be continuously integrated and deployed to an environment where QA can run their test cases.  You may have heard of a &quot;Daily Build&quot; site, and this process allows for QA to test during the iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, on our teams, we won't recognize the work is Done in an iteration unless it has been tested and all acceptance criteria have passed, whether that be via unit tests or a dedicated QA resource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4683" LastEditorUserId="4683" LastEditDate="2013-01-18T14:35:10.610" LastActivityDate="2013-01-18T14:35:10.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3990" CreationDate="2013-01-16T11:53:28.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qtpworld.com/index.php?cid=77&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.qtpworld.com/index.php?cid=77&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The site in general is really good and on the left menu you have all the main blocks of QTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do have to say though, there are the versions 11 and 11.50 which have some slight changes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2388" LastActivityDate="2013-01-16T11:53:28.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5540" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-01-17T06:14:31.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can also be described as &quot;interactive testing&quot; - manual testing essentially means tests of any kind where a human is involved in the execution of the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes incorrectly confused with &quot;user testing&quot;, possibly because some companies use &quot;manual testers&quot; to perform this kind of testing instead of real users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual tests are required when assessing usability and are often applied for hard-to-automate features or when time constrains are becoming critical. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related tags: &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/exploratory&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;exploratory&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;exploratory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2013/02/manual-and-automated-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blogpost&lt;/a&gt; for an interesting critique of the term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T18:15:14.040" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T18:15:14.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5541" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-01-17T06:14:31.650" Score="0" Body="Can also be described as &quot;interactive testing&quot; - used for any question involving testing performed by humans or with human intervention. " OwnerUserId="2482" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T13:25:18.577" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T13:25:18.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5542" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-01-17T11:00:15.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG was created by Cedric Beust. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information is available on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestNG website.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-01-17T11:00:15.217" LastActivityDate="2013-01-17T11:00:15.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5543" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-01-17T11:00:15.217" Score="0" Body="TestNG is a testing framework, inspired by  the JUnit/NUnit unit testing frameworks. TestNG is intended to support more than just unit testing, allowing functional, end-to-end, integration, etc." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-01T09:11:55.863" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T09:11:55.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5544" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-01-17T11:21:41.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test planning involves scheduling and estimating the system testing process, establishing process standards and describing the tests that should be carried out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...a plan is the sum or intersection of strategy and logistics.&#xA;Strategy is the set of ideas that guide your test design.&#xA;Logistics is the set of ideas that guide your application of resources.&#xA;Put those things together, and you have a plan.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2008/12/what-should-test-plan-contain/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;What Should A Test Plan Contain?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-29T23:07:51.567" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T23:07:51.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5545" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-01-17T11:21:41.150" Score="0" Body="Test planning involves scheduling and estimating the system testing process, establishing process standards and describing the tests that should be carried out." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-29T23:07:28.180" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T23:07:28.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-18T00:31:12.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I'm at, my role is &quot;Software Development Engineer - Test&quot; (SDET), which is a mouthful but captures the engineering component to the testing. I'm embedded within the development team, so we don't have a formal team name. However, when talking with the business we usually use &quot;QA Team&quot; as shorthand for their understanding of the process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was working as a contractor at Microsoft, it was just called &quot;Test&quot; in my area - not &quot;Test Team&quot;, just &quot;Test&quot; as an entity. This, compared to &quot;Dev&quot;, &quot;PM&quot;, &quot;Operations&quot;. I kind of like the brevity in that approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The truth of the matter is that in my relatively short time in the testing industry, it's pretty clear that very few people have any intuition about what testers do. One can hope that a good name will help clear it up in people's minds, but I have my doubts. I think it just takes time for everyone to figure out what that particular test team brings to a project or organization. In general I think we help the business get an idea of how many unknowns exist - but &quot;Unknown Knowers&quot; doesn't have a great ring to it. As people have mentioned, it's less about &lt;em&gt;assuring&lt;/em&gt; quality than it is about &lt;em&gt;measuring the probability&lt;/em&gt; of landmines in the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2101" LastActivityDate="2013-01-18T00:31:12.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5548" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-01-18T11:13:29.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile software development&lt;/a&gt; is a group of software development methods based on iterative and incremental development, where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It promotes adaptive planning, evolutionary development and delivery, a time-boxed iterative approach, and encourages rapid and flexible response to change. It is a conceptual framework that promotes foreseen interactions throughout the development cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Manifesto for Agile Software Development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-18T17:43:00.357" LastActivityDate="2013-01-18T17:43:00.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5549" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-01-18T11:13:29.347" Score="0" Body="Agile software development is a group of software development methodologies based on iterative and incremental development, where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-18T17:42:06.707" LastActivityDate="2013-01-18T17:42:06.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2013-01-18T13:43:37.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My title is Test Engineer much like Daniel's title it is to cover all the coding stuff that I do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reality I don't think it matters much - even on a CV. Only would having Manager in your title add weight otherwise it is being read as QA.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4460" LastActivityDate="2013-01-18T13:43:37.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5555" CreationDate="2013-01-19T19:28:26.910" Score="9" ViewCount="1412" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently talked to the head of the quality department of another company and they struggle with the problem that the developers still think quality is actually the QA's job. They work in iterations and have one dedicated Tester in each team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is how to create a 'quality-centric culture', where also developers feel responsible for high product quality and participate activly? How did/do you guys handle the motivational part?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4674" LastActivityDate="2013-01-20T19:35:55.573" Title="How to create a 'quality-centric culture' within a team/organization?" Tags="&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2013-01-19T23:24:35.093" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way could be to get them to do end time with the end users and customers so they are aware of the impact of their work and don't just interact with a keyboard and screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The company has to have a culture of it as well and it has to come from the top with managers leading by example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick google for 'culture of quality' will bring up lots, e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aleanjourney.com/2012/05/creating-quality-focused-culture.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.aleanjourney.com/2012/05/creating-quality-focused-culture.html&lt;/a&gt; but be aware it's not easy otherwise everyone would be doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-20T19:35:55.573" LastActivityDate="2013-01-20T19:35:55.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5553" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-20T06:10:31.877" Score="2" ViewCount="835" Body="&lt;p&gt;Telecom testing is an interesting niche area, and you either use expensive commercial tool solutions, or open source solutions to do testing (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://sipp.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SIPp&lt;/a&gt;), but they're not always one-size-fits-all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone has done telecom testing that involved integrating different tools (ideally not from same vendor) and/or integrate with test frameworks for keyword/data driven testing or BDD. Obviously tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.empirix.com/solutions/products-services/hammer-test.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Empirix Hammer&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spirent.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spirent&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://sipp.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SIPp&lt;/a&gt; don't necessarily offer these framework features for example. If anyone has done such integration work, would love to hear their experiences. A blog post of it would be awesome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1881" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-20T17:51:38.840" LastActivityDate="2013-01-20T17:54:26.077" Title="Telecom testing - any tool integration and use of test frameworks?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5553" CreationDate="2013-01-20T12:22:59.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should separate the test framework from the equipment or tool you are using, this can be easily done if you refer to the test equipment through drivers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test equipment manufacturers usually supply a well documented API for their solutions. &#xA;You can then use those as a Drivers from within any test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example I used, or heard about others using, Spirent solutions (they supply API in TCL, Perl, Java, Ruby and C) from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Excel VBA, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.coronys.com/default.asp?page=76&amp;amp;pageN=Products&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;coronys ETS&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JSYSTEM by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.top-q.co.il/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;top-q, formerly AQUA&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perl code, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TCL code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and others.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-20T17:54:26.077" LastActivityDate="2013-01-20T17:54:26.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2013-01-20T19:06:03.807" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel like certain teams or people are in need of tough love when it comes to this.  When there is a quality issue, point out that it could have been prevented by the rest of the team following some best practices.  For example, if there are frequently broken builds, broken deploys or entire features that are blocked or not functional due to bugs you can point out that these can be prevented by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic quality unit tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation in a development environment prior to check-in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possibly code reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous integration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being in a constant cycle of devs throwing code over the wall that is broken with major issues makes it impossible for QA to do their job, especially with only one QA resource per team.  Articulate to your team that you can't test the product if it is not in a testable state and that is their responsibility.  Don't sit and take the blame for things that are not your fault, or people will continue to make it all QA's fault.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After finding bugs, suggest ways that the development team can prevent them in the future i.e. add unit tests around a feature where bugs frequently appear or deploy to a development environment and do basic tests if any changes were made to the deploy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe even every time you waste X hours dealing with a completely broken build, deploy or feature, suggest that you need an additional X hours added to the schedule to complete your testing, or suggest that you need X hours of developer resources to participate in testing to catch up.  Make sure everyone sees that you are blocked and this will affect your ability to do your job and find potential bugs.  At the end of a release if there are bugs, you can point to all of the time spent unable to test as one of the causes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to be cautious to do this in a productive way and make it clear you're trying to improve quality, not point fingers or place blame.  Usually when confronted with facts and understanding how this affects your ability to do your job, developers will take the logical approach and help out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-01-20T19:06:03.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5551" CreationDate="2013-01-20T19:11:43.220" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Part of this starts at the top.  Among other things, the team's performance should be judged in terms of quality.  You need to choose your quality metrics carefully so that the team's goal is to improve quality rather than just improving the metrics.  For example, if you measure the team by bug count, people will stop logging bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Organizations go through phases where the tradeoffs change between quality, pace, and resources.  Larger, more risk-averse customers expect higher quality than early adopters.  If your product requires more quality than it used to, your management needs to make that clear.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another part of this is allowing time/money to be spent on improving quality.  It might mean new tools/training/staff, but it might also mean slowing down the pace of development so that developers have more time to find/fix bugs before they declare they're finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also need to change some of your staff.  This can be painful, and it should be done thoughtfully, but if a developer is prone to low-quality code, the right answer may be for them to switch to a different role or a different organization.  This holds true for testers, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest approaching quality improvements incrementally.  If you want to insert automated unit testing into a team that doesn't use it, start with some modest goals.  Pay attention to what works and what doesn't, and be prepared to change tactics where necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-01-20T19:17:30.113" LastActivityDate="2013-01-20T19:17:30.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3253" CreationDate="2013-01-21T06:47:34.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Canvas element display issue in Selenium 2.28 has been solved in Selenium 2.29 version.&#xA;The following code did work for me. The &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; object is a Firefox driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions actionBuilder=new Actions(driver);          &#xA;Action drawOnCanvas=actionBuilder&#xA;                .contextClick(wbCanvas)&#xA;                .moveToElement(wbCanvas,8,8)&#xA;                .clickAndHold(wbCanvas)&#xA;                .moveByOffset(120, 120)&#xA;                .moveByOffset(60,70)&#xA;                .moveByOffset(-140,-140)&#xA;                .release(wbCanvas)&#xA;                .build();&#xA;drawOnCanvas.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4706" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2013-01-21T10:28:46.130" LastActivityDate="2013-01-21T10:28:46.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5571" CreationDate="2013-01-22T05:59:01.613" Score="3" ViewCount="3122" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my office we have several test team. Recently our organization decided to keep competitions between test teams. I look forward for the ideas to improve ourselves and compete among us to show up our skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of our testing team consists of :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a security tester,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a programmer (skilled in Python, Ruby),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a manual tester &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As  per @dzieciou comments the objectives of competition were :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To improve team spirit between us&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To improve our technical skill set(programming,analytical skills)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The skills to improvise our self as tester skills(to improve our skills as automated tester)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to hear ideas for competitions which would help us shine and compete each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="2859" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T13:21:13.167" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T18:39:01.823" Title="Competition ideas between test teams" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2020-07-10T01:29:39.797" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5559" CreationDate="2013-01-22T06:50:59.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option is to have a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hackathon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hackathon&lt;/a&gt; day between the different test teams. Hackathons come in many flavours and have different meanings to different people, so your test teams will need to figure out what does it mean to them? Ideally at the end of the Hackathon day, the different test teams should present (and share) their hackathon idea(s) to the other test teams. You can have prizes for the best idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastEditorUserId="4513" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T10:04:24.770" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T10:04:24.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5561" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-22T08:33:27.137" Score="-5" ViewCount="3223" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new to Selenium RC. Please, help in my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I installed jxl.jar file (Java library for Excel) and added it to Eclipse build path.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I created an Excel file as readdata.xls where I entered some columns like username and password and provided some example inputs for those columns. Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;UserName  Password&#xA;Akshit    Ak12345&#xA;Ashwika   AS12345&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I wrote the following code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package seleniumscripts;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import jxl.Sheet;&#xA;import jxl.Workbook;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Excelreaddata {&#xA;&#xA;    private static String husername;&#xA;    private static String hpassword;&#xA;    private static String username;&#xA;    private static String password;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;        FileInputStream fis =new FileInputStream(&quot;C:\\Documents and Settings\\Home\\Desktop\\Readdata.xls&quot;);&#xA;        Workbook wb = Workbook .getWorkbook(fis);&#xA;        Sheet s= wb.getSheet(0);&#xA;&#xA;        Excelreaddata.husername =s.getCell(0,0).getContents();&#xA;        Excelreaddata.hpassword =s.getCell(0,1).getContents();&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.husername);&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.hpassword);&#xA;&#xA;        Excelreaddata.username =s.getCell(1,0).getContents();&#xA;        Excelreaddata.password =s.getCell(1,1).getContents();&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.username);&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.password);             &#xA;&#xA;        Excelreaddata.username =s.getCell(2,0).getContents();&#xA;        Excelreaddata.password =s.getCell(2,1).getContents();&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.username);&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.password);     &#xA;    }&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: when executing the code results are displayed only for Akshit, not for Ashwika. I need both to display. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Result I am getting like this when executing in Eclipse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 2&#xA;  at jxl.read.biff.SheetImpl.getCell(SheetImpl.java:288)&#xA;  at seleniumscripts.Excelreaddata.main(Excelreaddata.java:38)&#xA;&#xA;UserName&#xA;Akshit&#xA;Password&#xA;Ak12345&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4712" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T11:47:14.780" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T11:47:14.780" Title="ArrayOutOfBoundException when reading test data from Excel" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2013-03-10T19:04:32.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5561" CreationDate="2013-01-22T09:13:11.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect isolation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stacktrace&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 2&#xA;  at jxl.read.biff.SheetImpl.getCell(SheetImpl.java:288)&#xA;  at seleniumscripts.Excelreaddata.main(Excelreaddata.java:38)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;suggests that you are trying to access a cell that does not exist in the given sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot match line numbers in stacktrace wuth your code, but this probably is thrown in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Excelreaddata.username =s.getCell(2,0).getContents();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you consult &lt;a href=&quot;http://jexcelapi.sourceforge.net/resources/javadocs/2_6_10/docs/jxl/Sheet.html#getCell%28int,%20int%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaDoc&lt;/a&gt; of the &lt;code&gt;Sheet&lt;/code&gt; class, you will see that first parameter stands for column. You are requesting 3rd column (column/row indexes are 0-based, so 0, 1, 2, ...), whereas you mentioned in Excel file you have only two columns. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the same reason, when you try to display username and password of the first user:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Excelreaddata.husername =s.getCell(0,0).getContents();&#xA; Excelreaddata.hpassword =s.getCell(0,1).getContents();&#xA; System.out.println(Excelreaddata.husername);&#xA; System.out.println(Excelreaddata.hpassword);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you get a column name and username of the first user instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;UserName&#xA;Akshit&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should switch the order of parameters in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Print 1st user's name and password &#xA;Excelreaddata.husername =s.getCell(0,1).getContents();&#xA;Excelreaddata.hpassword =s.getCell(1,1).getContents();&#xA;...&#xA;// Print 3rd user's name and password&#xA;Excelreaddata.husername =s.getCell(0,3).getContents();&#xA;Excelreaddata.hpassword =s.getCell(1,3).getContents();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T09:32:17.690" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T09:32:17.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-22T10:34:02.560" Score="-3" ViewCount="9248" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created an Excel file name &quot;readdata.xls&quot; and entered some inputs like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;UserName    Password&#xA;Akshit          Ak12345&#xA;Ashwika         AS12345&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've written a code like this ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package seleniumscripts;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import jxl.Sheet;&#xA;import jxl.Workbook;&#xA;&#xA;public class Excelreaddata {&#xA;&#xA;    private static String husername;&#xA;    private static String hpassword;&#xA;    private static String username;&#xA;    private static String password;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;        FileInputStream fis =new FileInputStream(&quot;C:\\Documents and Settings\\Home\\Desktop\\Readdata.xls&quot;);&#xA;        Workbook wb = Workbook .getWorkbook(fis);&#xA;        Sheet s= wb.getSheet(0);&#xA;&#xA;        Excelreaddata.husername =s.getCell(0,0).getContents();&#xA;        Excelreaddata.hpassword =s.getCell(1,0).getContents();&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.husername);&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.hpassword);&#xA;&#xA;        Excelreaddata.username =s.getCell(0,1).getContents();&#xA;        Excelreaddata.password =s.getCell(1,1).getContents();&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.username);&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.password);&#xA;&#xA;        Excelreaddata.username =s.getCell(0,2).getContents();&#xA;        Excelreaddata.password =s.getCell(1,2).getContents();&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.username);&#xA;        System.out.println(Excelreaddata.password);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My output result is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is I want to shorten my code by using &quot;for&quot; or any other loop structure&quot; i.e., I want to call the Excel data by writing in loop structure which should display all the usernames and passwords.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can any one help me this iam very much new to write code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4712" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T17:06:09.967" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T17:06:09.967" Title="How to read data from Excel by using loops?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2013-03-10T19:03:31.407" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5559" CreationDate="2013-01-22T12:38:52.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take care as it can lead to whatever metrics you are using being gamed and people concentrate on winning rather than the desired outcome...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T12:38:52.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5559" CreationDate="2013-01-22T12:59:09.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The competition will not yield the results you are looking for.  If you want to use it to increase bug count, you will get more bugs (and more &quot;not a real bug&quot; resolutions), for example.  My previous experiences with in-house team competitions is that they are counter-productive and if the organization is smart, they are discontinued after a month or two when it is obvious the quality of the team is degraded to meet the artificial competition goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T18:37:08.237" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T18:37:08.237" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5566" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-22T15:02:45.910" Score="1" ViewCount="830" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have VisualSVN Server holding several repos with PHP applications on Windows Server 2008 machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to figure out how to deploy PHP scripts to production machines (2 Windows servers + 1 Linux/Apache), preferably NOT by setting local repos on them. I tried to use Jenkins but I'm having a hard time figuring out how SVN-Jenkins communication works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need a script that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;would be executed &lt;em&gt;every time&lt;/em&gt; a commit is made and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;deploy &lt;em&gt;only modified&lt;/em&gt; files to the production servers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone suggest a solution, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4713" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T19:45:32.800" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T19:45:32.800" Title="Simple SVN post-commit hook for Jenkins on Windows Server 2008" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-01-23T17:29:41.507" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5570" CreationDate="2013-01-22T15:08:56.943" Score="0" ViewCount="7140" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am migrating a Selenium server environment from Windows 2008 server 32bit to Windows 2008 server 64bit. Whenever I try to run a job with Google Chrome, I get the following error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error Message&#xA;&#xA;Could not start Selenium session: org.openqa.grid.common.exception.GridException: &#xA;Error forwarding the new session The server returned an error : &#xA;Failed to start new browser session: org.openqa.selenium.os.WindowsRegistryException:  &#xA;Problem while managing the registry, OS Version '6.1', regVersion1 = falseBuild &#xA;info: version: '2.25.0', revision: '17482', time: '2012-07-18 21:08:56'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows Server 2008 R2', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_11'Driver info: driver.version: unknown &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stacktrace&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not start Selenium session: &#xA;&#xA;org.openqa.grid.common.exception.GridException: Error forwarding the new session The server returned an error : Failed to start new browser session: org.openqa.selenium.os.WindowsRegistryException: Problem while managing the registry, OS Version '6.1', regVersion1 = falseBuild info: version: '2.25.0', revision: '17482', time: '2012-07-18 21:08:56'System info: os.name: 'Windows Server 2008 R2', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_11'Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA; at com.thoughtworks.selenium.DefaultSelenium.start(DefaultSelenium.java:109)   &#xA; at edu.umich.oud.dart.bad_link_tests.TestChromeQa.setUp(TestChromeQa.java:9) &#xA;Caused by: com.thoughtworks.selenium.SeleniumException: org.openqa.grid.common.exception.GridException: Error forwarding the new session The server returned an error : Failed to start new browser session: org.openqa.selenium.os.WindowsRegistryException: Problem while managing the registry, OS Version '6.1', regVersion1 = falseBuild info: version: '2.25.0', revision: '17482', time: '2012-07-18 21:08:56'System info: os.name: 'Windows Server 2008 R2', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_11'Driver info: driver.version: unknown  &#xA; at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.throwAssertionFailureExceptionOrError(HttpCommandProcessor.java:112)     &#xA; at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.getCommandResponseAsString(HttpCommandProcessor.java:183)    &#xA; at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.executeCommandOnServlet(HttpCommandProcessor.java:118)   &#xA; at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.doCommand(HttpCommandProcessor.java:101)     at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.getString(HttpCommandProcessor.java:275)  at com.thoughtworks.selenium.HttpCommandProcessor.start(HttpCommandProcessor.java:237)  &#xA; at com.thoughtworks.selenium.DefaultSelenium.start(DefaultSelenium.java:100)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used the alternate install of Chrome that installs in &lt;code&gt;Program Files (x86)&lt;/code&gt; and I've included both the Selenium Driver directory and directory with &lt;code&gt;chrome.exe&lt;/code&gt; in the PATH environment variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The environment is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 2008 Server x64&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java JDK 7u11&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apache Tomcat 7.0.34&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins 1.499&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium plugin for jenkins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Grid (as part of the selenium plugin)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium server 2.25 (part of selenium plugin)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome 24&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ChromeDriver 26 (also tried the last release)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox 10 ESR&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4389" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T15:36:37.757" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T18:18:18.757" Title="How do I get Selenium Server to launch Chrome on 64bit Windows under Jenkins with Selenium Grid?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="878" CreationDate="2013-01-22T15:27:20.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen some browser compatibility issues on 64bit versions of Windows depending on how you want to start selenium server.  It cannot run as the System account. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There aren't many 64bit browsers yet.  If you can choose a 32bit OS, it will likely work better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4389" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T15:27:20.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5563" CreationDate="2013-01-22T16:49:08.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;jyotsna, the answer to your question is right in front of you. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look at these 2 statements compared to the same statements in your code above and identify the variable that is changing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Excelreaddata.username =s.getCell(0,1).getContents();&#xA;Excelreaddata.password =s.getCell(1,1).getContents();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of hard coding the row and column values, create and initialize a variables, put these statements in a for loop and increment appropriate variable as your code iterates through the loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T16:49:08.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5567" CreationDate="2013-01-22T17:42:09.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/support/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IRC channel&lt;/a&gt; provided a hint. The browser was starting to launch, but Selenium never got a reply.  After some fiddling, I was able to remote desktop into the account selenium + tomcat ran as and manually launched a grid job.  Chrome was trying to setup a second desktop shortcut and do some initial first launch housecleaning. I also had to relax the permissions on &lt;code&gt;C:\program files (x86)\google\chrome\application&lt;/code&gt; a bit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this, Chrome will launch on the grid as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4389" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-22T18:18:18.757" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T18:18:18.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5559" CreationDate="2013-01-22T18:31:59.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered less competitive approaches to achieve your goals?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your teams may learn practical skills using &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/624/developers-have-code-kata-to-practice-skills-what-test-equivalents-are-there&quot;&gt;deliberate techniques&lt;/a&gt;. I'm not sure how that increases morale (or team spirit), though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that for a deliberate technique to be effective, it must be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;demanding&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;targeted&lt;/em&gt; at improving specific areas of performance (so you must exactly know what you want to improve),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;clear&lt;/em&gt;, so you know when the goal is achieved,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;provide continuous &lt;em&gt;feedback on performance&lt;/em&gt;, so people can learn from others how they can improve their technique.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-01-22T18:39:01.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5572" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-22T19:56:42.317" Score="1" ViewCount="866" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am making changes to a configuration tool for a web application.  The tool allows internal users to configure messages and custom experiences for external users of the webapp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been given a task to provide cases that would show 100% test coverage, and then help the test team target reasonable test coverage for the changes.  I'm trying to find a tool that will let me put configuration variations in a table or spreadsheet, and then generate the different use case variations that result from these configurations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does such a tool exist?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4714" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T21:20:00.540" Title="Tool to generate test cases for configuration app based on use case variation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-22T22:16:31.790" Score="3" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test .ics and .ical files for compatibility with the native calendar app on iOS devices.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I purchase an iOS dev kit will this allow me to use the native calendar application under emulation?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, can the emulator run older versions of iOS? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2974" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2021-05-14T02:29:07.103" LastActivityDate="2021-05-14T02:29:07.103" Title="Strategies for testing .ics or .ical file compatibility with iOS devices" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;mobile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5574" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-23T03:46:57.697" Score="-10" ViewCount="3495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to Install Selenium open source tool in my pc ( windows 7 OS) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know the  procedure as well as per-requisities .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4717" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:47:18.553" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:47:18.553" Title="Pre-requisites &amp; Procedure to install selenium tool on Windows 7 Operating system?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-06-14T05:13:49.090" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-23T07:15:46.180" Score="1" ViewCount="288" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to validate the worksheet name / file name of Excel and CSV files in WATiR? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because if we save the CSV file in with different name, the worksheet name will also change while in Excel it will remain the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How we can find the File name if we will open the file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4720" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-23T07:25:04.787" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T21:42:47.310" Title="Validate worksheet name using WATiR" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;watir&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5574" CreationDate="2013-01-23T09:01:37.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried browsing the &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium website?&lt;/a&gt; There is documentation (installation instructions etc) that will help you get started. Also, perusing this site will help (searching for selenium questions/answers) as many people would've asked a similar question before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastActivityDate="2013-01-23T09:01:37.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5577" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-23T10:28:52.333" Score="7" ViewCount="20779" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using JMeter to do performance testing of a site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to test various links of a site (no need to login) with 100 users and loop it for some number of times. I want to put those links in a CSV file, so that all the links to be tested are read from the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I accomplish this task using JMeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4721" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:12:20.647" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T14:42:41.367" Title="Performance testing with 100 users: how to read links from CSV file in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5575" CreationDate="2013-01-23T10:56:12.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Watir drives browsers. Since you are using Watir my guess is that you are using Ruby. If you need to access Excel files you will have to use another tool, &lt;a href=&quot;http://roo.rubyforge.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;roo&lt;/a&gt; for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="552" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-01-23T16:05:16.287" LastActivityDate="2013-01-23T16:05:16.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5579" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-23T12:02:35.817" Score="3" ViewCount="2521" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team's resources are limited, still we need to make sure our site is accessible (government site, EU). Manual testing includes a lot of fiddling around with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.freedomscientific.com/products/fs/jaws-product-page.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JAWS&lt;/a&gt;, sometimes other screen readers, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.indexbrailleaccessibility.com/products/dolphin/lunar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lunar Plus&lt;/a&gt; for visually constrained users etc. We would like to automate as many of those tasks as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While automating semantic checks (like &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; attribute on labels or correct heading order) is pretty trivial with Selenium or &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;, getting correct output from JAWS is a completely different matter. Is there any way to actually write a test script and verify the output of a screen reader?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="406" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-24T08:08:10.490" LastActivityDate="2020-11-27T17:53:23.550" Title="What are the options for automated testing of screen reader in Web apps?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5575" CreationDate="2013-01-23T14:01:08.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I haven't had to do this in a few years, I always found the win32OLE to be my best friend in these cases.  Can't seem to find any of my old code samples.  Doing a quick search, I came across a fairly good tutorial &lt;a href=&quot;http://davidsulc.com/blog/2011/03/27/using-ruby-and-win32ole-to-manipulate-excel/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; by David Sulc with &lt;a href=&quot;http://davidsulc.com/blog/2011/03/27/win32ole-and-ruby-working-with-worksheets/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this particular post&lt;/a&gt; seeming to cover exactly what you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-01-23T14:01:08.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5579" CreationDate="2013-01-23T19:40:30.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually using a screen reader is a difficult skill to master.  It is unlikely that you would be able to get a QA resource who is expert enough in using a screen reader to know whether a problem using the tool is actually a bug or not.  In my experience, you would be much better off focusing on ensuring you are following best practices than by trying to simulate the use of accessibility tools.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IE's developer tools include a &quot;Validate | Accessibility&quot; menu option.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tons of other free tools that will validate HTML for you with a focus on accessibility and most do a pretty good job.  Many are listed here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/tools/complete.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/tools/complete.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&#xA;After reading a few of the other answers, I wanted to expand on my answer.  Let's suppose you do use Jaws to test the accessibility of your web site.  Let's say that Jaws has a bug, a flaw in the way it uses the accessibility data on your site.  You see that there is a problem, assume it is a bug with your web site's accessibility and &quot;fix it&quot; for Jaws, thereby breaking it for all other screen readers.  Jaws has flaws, just like any other software, especially with the HTML 5 changes being rolled out and implemented differently in different browsers.  Accessibility tools are currently undergoing a lot of churn and change and will definitely have bugs that need to be addressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I will again stick with my assertion that ensuring you are following accessibility best practices is more cost efficient, more reliable and simpler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2013-01-24T18:17:23.273" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T18:17:23.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5579" CreationDate="2013-01-23T22:56:27.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to support a screen reader for accessibility issues, &lt;strong&gt;make sure that the web site support is baked in early on and not bolted on later.&lt;/strong&gt; As far as I know there are no available off the shelf tools for testing the output (computer generated words). Sometimes you really need to hear what sounds are being generated by JAWS because at times the text used can come out pretty garbled or may even sound like a different word all together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tested a JAWS (Job Access With Speech) implementation for a major web site frequently for well over a year. Once you get past the first few hours of listening to the computer generated voice and learn the navigation keys, JAWS testing can be quite easy and quick. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck with your implementation, someone out there will appreciate it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastActivityDate="2013-01-23T22:56:27.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="517" CreationDate="2013-01-24T10:55:37.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the times, it is the UI related things (cross-browser). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From functional point of view, I keep a checklist so that nothing is missed what was tested in previous release. Still combinations are n so covering all is not possible leading to non-intended issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4349" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T10:55:37.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-24T11:37:18.447" Score="0" ViewCount="10446" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to expand a tree of nodes with folder structure using XPath locators&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.click(&quot;//*[@id='ext-gen15']/li/div/img[1]&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but as the folder structure is not fixed and changes, so XPath expression must change:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.click(&quot;//*[@id='ext-gen15']/li/ul/li[1]/div/img[1]&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It worked in TestLink 1.9.2Version as i had an &quot;Expand All&quot; button to directly expand the tree but this button is missing in 1.9Version and i am unable to expand the tree at once.&#xA;There are more than 750 test cases under multiple folders and to find each xpath to implement would be really tidious.&#xA;I want to know to how implement to expand tree as the xpaths are changing dynamically. Please note i want to perform this operation on &quot;testlink tool&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example XPaths:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/div/img[1]; &#xA;//html/body/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li[1]/div/img[1]; &#xA;//html/body/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li[2]/div/img[1]; &#xA;//html/body/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li[2]/ul/li/div/img[1]; &#xA;//html/body/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li[2]/ul/li/ul/li/div/img[1]; &#xA;//html/body/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li[3]/div/img[1]; &#xA;//html/body/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li[3]/ul/li/div/img[1]; &#xA;//html/body/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li[4]/div/img[1];&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML code of the entire tree structure&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;tree&quot; class=&quot;x-panel x-tree&quot; style=&quot;overflow:auto; height:100%;border:1px solid #c3daf9;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;ext-gen13&quot; class=&quot;x-panel-bwrap&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;ext-gen14&quot; class=&quot;x-panel-body x-panel-body-noheader&quot; style=&quot;overflow: auto;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul id=&quot;ext-gen15&quot; class=&quot;x-tree-root-ct x-tree-arrows&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-unselectable x-tree-node-expanded&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;293112&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-end-minus&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;javascript:SP(293112,0)&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;Eden / BIT_Integration_Testing_TestPlan (115)(&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_not_run&quot; title=&quot;Not Run&quot;&amp;gt;22,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;75,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_failed&quot; title=&quot;Failed&quot;&amp;gt;14,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_blocked&quot; title=&quot;Blocked&quot;&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;)&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-unselectable x-tree-node-expanded&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;313089&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-minus&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;SanityTest Cases (7)(&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_not_run&quot; title=&quot;Not Run&quot;&amp;gt;0,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;7,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_failed&quot; title=&quot;Failed&quot;&amp;gt;0,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_blocked&quot; title=&quot;Blocked&quot;&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;)&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-tree-node-leaf x-unselectable&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;310784&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-elbow-line&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;javascript:ST(310784,310785)&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; alt=&quot;Passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;eden-2517&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;:Verify order for CRIL B2B_US with Elite 1000 having secondary MSISDN of UK.&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-tree-node-leaf x-unselectable&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;310011&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-elbow-line&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;javascript:ST(310011,310012)&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; alt=&quot;Passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;eden-2490&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;:Verify order via fulfillment partner for B2B_AU with Elite 800 havin secondary MSISDN_US.&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-tree-node-leaf x-unselectable&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;309782&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-elbow-line&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;javascript:ST(309782,309783)&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; alt=&quot;Passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;eden-2484&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;:Verify order via fulfilment partner for B2B_UK with Elite 1000 having secondary AU MSISDN&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-tree-node-leaf x-unselectable&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;309858&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-elbow-line&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;javascript:ST(309858,309859)&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; alt=&quot;Passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;eden-2486&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;:Verify order via fulfillment partner for B2B_US with Elite 1000 havin sec MSISDN_UK.&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-tree-node-leaf x-unselectable&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;311291&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-elbow-line&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;javascript:ST(311291,311292)&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; alt=&quot;Passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;eden-2534&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;:Verify order via Partners(InDirect Channel) for B2C_AUS with prepaid product.&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-tree-node-leaf x-unselectable&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;311271&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-elbow-line&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;javascript:ST(311271,311272)&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; alt=&quot;Passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;eden-2533&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;:Verify order via Partners(InDirect Channel) for B2C_US with prepaid product.&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-tree-node-leaf x-unselectable&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;311251&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-elbow-line&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-end&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;javascript:ST(311251,311252)&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; alt=&quot;Passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;eden-2532&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;:Verify order via Partners(InDirect Channel) for B2C_UK with prepaid product.&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-unselectable x-tree-node-collapsed&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;303820&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-plus&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;BIT (74)(&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_not_run&quot; title=&quot;Not Run&quot;&amp;gt;3,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;55,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_failed&quot; title=&quot;Failed&quot;&amp;gt;12,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_blocked&quot; title=&quot;Blocked&quot;&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;)&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-unselectable x-tree-node-collapsed&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;313071&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-plus&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;E2E Tests (30)(&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_not_run&quot; title=&quot;Not Run&quot;&amp;gt;15,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;13,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_failed&quot; title=&quot;Failed&quot;&amp;gt;2,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_blocked&quot; title=&quot;Blocked&quot;&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;)&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;x-tree-node&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-tree-node-el x-unselectable x-tree-node-collapsed&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; ext:tree-node-id=&quot;322551&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;x-tree-node-indent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-icon&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-end-plus&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;x-tree-node-icon&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; src=&quot;https://portal.truphone.com/testlink/third_party/ext-js/images/default/s.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;x-tree-node-anchor&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; href=&quot;&quot; hidefocus=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;DE_SCOPED (4)(&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_not_run&quot; title=&quot;Not Run&quot;&amp;gt;4,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_passed&quot; title=&quot;Passed&quot;&amp;gt;0,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_failed&quot; title=&quot;Failed&quot;&amp;gt;0,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;light_blocked&quot; title=&quot;Blocked&quot;&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;)&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;x-tree-node-ct&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On using the provided XPath ,I am getting the error &quot;Element not found&quot;. I am attaching the logs for reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;16:02:14.804 INFO - Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*firefox, https://portal.truphone.com, ] on session null&#xA;16:02:14.804 INFO - creating new remote session&#xA;16:02:14.851 INFO - Allocated session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24 for https://portal.truphone.com, launching...&#xA;jar:file:/C:/Softwares/jars/selenium-server-standalone-2.28.0.jar!/customProfileDirCUSTFFCHROME&#xA;16:02:15.163 INFO - Preparing Firefox profile...&#xA;16:02:21.097 INFO - Launching Firefox...&#xA;16:02:28.562 INFO - Got result: OK,1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24 on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:28.593 INFO - Command request: windowFocus[, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:28.608 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:28.608 INFO - Command request: windowMaximize[, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:28.655 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;Test Name -- loginTest&#xA;total rows -- 2&#xA;total cols -- 3&#xA;Test Name -- testPlan&#xA;total rows -- 2&#xA;total cols -- 2&#xA;Test Name -- eden_Pass&#xA;total rows -- 4&#xA;total cols -- 2&#xA;username-----password---Y&#xA;16:02:28.765 INFO - Command request: open[/testlink/login.php, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:37.556 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:40.554 INFO - Command request: type[//*[@id='login'], rpatel] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:40.570 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:43.568 INFO - Command request: type[//html/body/div[2]/form/p[2]/input, ak1LbbY[7] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:43.599 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:46.598 INFO - Command request: click[//html/body/div[2]/form/input[3], ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:47.472 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:52.485 INFO - Command request: waitForPageToLoad[50000, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:59.606 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:59.606 INFO - Command request: select[name=testproject, label=Eden] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:02:59.668 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:02.666 INFO - Command request: selectFrame[titlebar, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:02.713 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:07.710 INFO - Command request: click[link=Test Execution, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:07.788 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:10.786 INFO - Command request: selectFrame[relative=up, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:10.849 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:13.847 INFO - Command request: selectFrame[mainframe, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:13.878 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:13.894 INFO - Command request: selectFrame[treeframe, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:13.972 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:16.970 INFO - Command request: selectFrame[relative=up, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:17.001 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:17.001 INFO - Command request: select[//*[@id='settings']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/select, Production_E2E_Testing_TestPlan] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:17.048 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:17.048 INFO - Command request: waitForPageToLoad[30000, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:20.047 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:20.047 INFO - Command request: select[//*[@id='settings']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/select, Cycle-14/01/2013 TO 31/01/2013] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:20.109 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:30.103 INFO - Command request: type[//*[@id='filters']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/input , eden-2532] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:30.134 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:30.150 INFO - Command request: click[//*[@id='doUpdateTree'], ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:30.337 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:30.337 INFO - Command request: waitForPageToLoad[30000, ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:32.555 INFO - Got result: OK on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:32.555 INFO - Command request: click[//img[@class='x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-plus'], ] on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;16:03:32.617 INFO - Got result: ERROR: Element //img[@class='x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-plus'] not found on session 1bf2070b72af4d41ba413d5d4f568d24&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4728" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T23:22:13.673" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T23:22:13.673" Title="How to Automate Expand tree in Testlink since &quot;XPath&quot; is changing dynamically depending on the testcase" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5586" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-24T12:53:56.147" Score="0" ViewCount="217" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to make Selenium IDE prefer name attribute over id attribute while recording?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This feature is needed when ids are auto generated by web framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4291" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T13:13:23.220" Title="How to make Selenium IDE prefer name attribute over id attribute while recording?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5586" CreationDate="2013-01-24T13:13:23.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Options|Options|Locator Builders there's a list of locator builders in order of preference which can be edited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE 1.10.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4291" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T13:13:23.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-24T13:44:11.373" Score="3" ViewCount="5925" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using robotframework+seleniumlibrary and I often got the following error when I launch test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Failed to start new browser session: Error while launching browser &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm connected by &quot;ssh -X nome@server-ip&quot; on my company server from where I launch TC, and after I got the error above, the only way to solve it, it is to disconnect and re-start a new ssh connection....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is there any other way to solve it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using firefox 16 as browser for my test case. thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3025" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-22T10:27:03.367" LastActivityDate="2021-01-10T06:35:01.990" Title="Failed to start new browser session: Error while launching browser + selenium + robotframework" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5585" CreationDate="2013-01-24T16:08:46.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Andaleeb.  You need to find something unique about the tree that you can express in the Xpath.  For example, the unique quality could be an ID, an element ancestry, a sibling relationship, a particular image, or something else.  I don't know what 1.9.2V and 1.9V mean, and I don't see any examples of your HTML, so I can't offer any more specific advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; You listed several XPaths but did not say whether they are supposed to correspond to the same clickable item.  I see that every XPath ends in img[1].  You might be able to do something with that.  Or if there are other images in the page, you might be able to use a property of the img element to identify it.  The trick here is to find something that does not vary between the various XPaths that locate that element.  Without showing us some HTML, we cannot do that for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-01-24T18:23:43.400" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T18:23:43.400" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5589" CreationDate="2013-01-24T18:28:25.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an answer here which might help: &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/selenium-users/nFhusJoAzV8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Could not start Selenium session: Failed to start new browser session: Error while launching browser&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that I have had issues with firefox driver not killing the firefox process when it was finished and had to add code to kill all firefox processes as part of the cleanup of my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-10T06:35:01.990" LastActivityDate="2021-01-10T06:35:01.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5593" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-24T18:37:50.937" Score="2" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;My application is causing heap thrashing. I have the heap dump but I don't know how and where should I start to look for problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a 6 GB dump. Please recommend some suitable heap analysis software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4731" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-24T18:54:49.257" LastActivityDate="2015-03-24T18:48:10.393" Title="How to debug heap thrashing problem" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-03-26T04:49:49.907" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5594" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5595" CreationDate="2013-01-24T20:16:03.790" Score="2" ViewCount="2658" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usability testing provides feedback how well users can accomplish tasks using a GUI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many companies there dedicated departments for usability testing, separate from QA testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, I wonder what low-cost testing approach QA teams performs? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approaches I tried occasionally, either in industry or in academy, either formally or informally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usability_testing#Hallway_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hallway testing&lt;/a&gt;, when you pick a random person from your office to try something with UI &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Task-based testing with think aloud protocol analysis, where you prepare tasks, and listen to the person as she performs the task with your app, listening how she perceives UI and why performs this or the other action&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UX Guidelines compliance, though compliance to UX guidelines does not always gives warrancy that GUI is usable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, all those approaches were done usually once GUI was implemented or partially implemented. Can QA be involved in shaping the usability aspect at design phase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-06-14T04:02:51.930" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T04:02:51.930" Title="How is QA involved in usability testing?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5594" CreationDate="2013-01-24T20:29:22.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They can - and should be. Sit with the designers as they develop their wireframes and prototypes. Help them out with their scenarios and personas. Make yourself a cardboard iPad and try out the layouts - see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.omnigroup.com/blog/entry/Designing_OmniGraphSketcher_for_the_iPad_/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for a real world example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;( and an aside, I dont really understand what the difference between QA testing and usability testing is - well I sort of do but... )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T20:29:22.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5594" CreationDate="2013-01-24T21:32:09.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been involved with all of the above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my first QA role, I managed a team that was responsible for ensuring compliance to UI Standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At another company, we did somewhat formal Usability Testing, bringing in existing customers to explore the application's usability in an inexpensive manner:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/inexpensive-usability-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/inexpensive-usability-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in other companies where I have worked, User Experience was much more of an early-stage design task. There, the scheduling and staffing were such that QA wasn't very involved with UX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-01-24T21:32:09.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5594" CreationDate="2013-01-24T21:34:46.660" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for a small company with four developers and two testers.  Our product is a web-based application that we deploy to Amazon EC2.  The application targets holders of a special kind of bank account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will describe the process we use with external participants, i.e. with participants who are not our employees (we also run informal usability tests with employees).  My process will not work for all companies or all products, but it may work for yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use UserTesting.com, a site that users freelance testers for fifteen-minute testing sessions.  You supply the instructions and the kind of tester you are looking for in terms of age range, kinds of computer/mobile device, or anything else you can think of.  (We only accept testers with a specific kind of bank account.)  For $39, a tester will follow your instructions and give you verbal and written feedback on their experience.  You also get a video recording of the entire session.  We point the tester to a non-production installation of our site that we maintain specifically for testing.  (It too is deployed at Amazon EC2.)  When we aren't testing, we shut the test site down, so we only pay for it when we need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each round of testing, we pick a new/updated feature or an area that seems to generate a lot of support calls.  We design some specific tasks that we want to test.  We craft our scenarios and instructions carefully because the tester won't have us around to ask questions.  The instructions are designed to be completed in fifteen minutes or less.  We typically use 3-5 testers per round of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For new features, we run the test as soon as the feature is stable enough that the tester is not at risk of being hamstrung by a bug.  It is ok to tell the tester, &quot;This is a new feature and it isn't finished yet but we are looking for early feedback.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We often have some tester feedback within an hour of posting a test.  I often have feedback from 3-5 testers within a morning or an afternoon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to be careful about how you use test results.  They will frequently identify some kind of difficulty, but just because a single tester finds something hard or confusing does not necessarily mean you need to make any changes in your product.  Instead, you need to consider the circumstances and look for trends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tests are not designed to be statistically significant.  Instead, the goal is to pick a feature, point the testers at it, and just see what happens.  It is an informal, qualitative process, and yet we have initiated a lot of improvements in our site this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because these tests are informal and inexpensive, they can be executed frequently and quickly, which means we are more likely to use them than we would if there were a lot of process/bureaucracy involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read a few books in usability testing before going down this path.  One I recommend is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sensible.com/rsme.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rocket Surgery Made Easy, By Steve Krug&lt;/a&gt;.  It is short, easy to read, and practical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-01T13:18:37.463" LastActivityDate="2013-06-01T13:18:37.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5585" CreationDate="2013-01-25T08:45:36.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try XPath expression that matches first image of the &lt;code&gt;x-tree-ec-icon&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;x-tree-elbow-plus&lt;/code&gt; classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//img[@class='x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-plus']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what both your HTML and your recording IDE suggests. You may see if the above expression matches only one element, and if no, consider matching only the first one (corresponding to the root node of the tree):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//img[@class='x-tree-ec-icon x-tree-elbow-plus'][1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T08:51:25.747" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T08:51:25.747" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5599" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-25T09:08:28.770" Score="8" ViewCount="5601" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have Jenkins 1.499 running Watir-Webdriver tests on a Windows 2008 (64bit) server alongside the Grid 2 standalone server (and Jenkins Selenium Grid plugin). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can run my tests through the standalone server (or plugin) via Jenkins, but they don't run in parallel. What do I need to do to get them running in parallel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried out the parallel_tests gem, but &lt;code&gt;fork()&lt;/code&gt; doesn't seem to be implemented very well for a Windows environment. I &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; I might need to use TestNG to manage the parallelism, but I'm not really sure and could use some advice if anyone out there knows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4734" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T09:16:38.320" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T10:41:20.057" Title="Running tests in parallel using Jenkins Grid plugin" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5600" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-01-25T11:52:08.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile testing&lt;/a&gt; is a software testing practice that follows the principles of agile software development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile testing involves all members of a cross-functional agile team, with special expertise contributed by testers, to ensure delivering the business value desired by the customer at frequent intervals, working at a sustainable pace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Classic books include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory's &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Agile Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt; - the site has two chapters available to download.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elizabeth Hendrickson's &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/ehxta/explore-it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Explore it!&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also her &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/AgileTestingOverview.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Agile Testing Overview&quot; (pdf)&lt;/a&gt; for a quick and very readable summary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-19T13:51:16.037" LastActivityDate="2013-12-19T13:51:16.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5601" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-01-25T11:52:08.740" Score="0" Body="Agile testing is a software testing practice that follows the principles of agile software development." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T16:39:08.670" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T16:39:08.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5603" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-25T18:37:51.510" Score="4" ViewCount="468" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test that a series of sites are up and running and that they can send and receive email.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step one: send email from example1@example.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step two: expect response email emailServerOne@example.com within a given amount of time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2974" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-03-03T13:54:39.763" LastActivityDate="2013-06-01T14:24:27.930" Title="Does anyone know of an automation tool that will perform actions on sending or receiving of an email?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5594" CreationDate="2013-01-25T18:41:38.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer is 2 parts, first in direct response to your question:  You should definitely keep usability in mind while testing your product.  Just because the product matches the specification, does not mean that it is intuitive, simple and concise.  If it's difficult for you to understand or use, then you can pretty much bet it will be even more difficult for someone who is not an expert like you.  Once you have an early version or prototype, you can start doing some of the testing mentioned in other answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second part of my answer is a little indirect, but I think very useful.  Once you have released your site to the public, you can execute site optimization tests as described in this whitepaper: &lt;a href=&quot;http://webtrends.com/files/whitepaper/Whitepaper-OnlineTestingForSiteOptimization101-Webtrends.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://webtrends.com/files/whitepaper/Whitepaper-OnlineTestingForSiteOptimization101-Webtrends.pdf&lt;/a&gt;.  Full disclosure, I work for Webtrends.  This testing is usually not initiated by QA (but could still be recommended by them).  This type of testing allows you to provide different content to different users who visit your site and test which content works better.  For example, if the goal is to get people to complete a form, you can provide 3 different versions of that form and find out which version performs the best.  Large revenue generating sites that use this optimization technique often end up increasing click-through rates (and thus revenue) by large percentages.  Some of our customers have increased over 50% just by re-ordering elements, changing text, changing fonts, colors, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T18:41:38.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5640" CreationDate="2013-01-25T21:43:34.443" Score="1" ViewCount="1465" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was curious to know if anyone has done any work on automated network analysis such as starting network traffic capture (to file) before executing some test, perform some test, then stop capture, then parse capture file for known patterns to look for (expected data, errors that should not appear, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using pcap libraries for whatever programming/scripting language, using tshark, tcpdump, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had planned to do some work in this area for SIP/VoIP testing but never got the time at work to look into it. But it should be theoretically possible, so just wanted to see if there were real life implementations of it by others (whether made open source or not).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1881" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T18:28:41.160" Title="Automated network capture and analysis?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5090" CreationDate="2013-01-25T21:52:55.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That feature is only available to Selenium RC (language bindings). It is not available in the IDE, nor Selenium 2 / WebDriver. For RC, it is known to be available for Python and Java, I believe it's there for the other languages as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's one open source project that actually makes use of it for performance profiling, that you can perhaps make use of, but will have to know/learn some coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium-profiler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium-profiler/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, in terms of RC, I'm not sure if the latest server versions of Selenium v2.25 as mentioned, etc. support it when used with RC clients, so if not, you might have to go with old Selenium v1.x server releases to be able to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's some more details on using it in code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.eviltester.com/2010/05/a-selenium-capturenetworktraffic-example-in-java.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.eviltester.com/2010/05/a-selenium-capturenetworktraffic-example-in-java.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium-profiler/source/browse/trunk/web_profiler.py&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium-profiler/source/browse/trunk/web_profiler.py&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1881" LastEditorUserId="1881" LastEditDate="2013-01-25T21:59:29.993" LastActivityDate="2013-01-25T21:59:29.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5605" CreationDate="2013-01-26T00:23:02.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T00:23:02.090" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5594" CreationDate="2013-01-26T17:32:26.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked in two different scenarios: a large project to develop a scheduling app for a government agency and an established commercial product. In both, usability was integrated into the testing but in very different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the large development project, we invited local representatives from the customer into our test lab during development (i.e. an open test lab). We would do various sessions, sometimes as independent evaluations and sometimes as paired testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my current job, my desk sits next to the lead support person. I regularly overhear calls from customers and often get involved in discussions when an issue crops up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever the method, hearing the issues directly from users as a part of day to day testing is extremely important and productive, no matter how you classify them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-01-26T17:32:26.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5605" CreationDate="2013-01-27T09:46:54.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that it is doable, one of my previous employers integrated Wireshark (Ethereal then) analysis into its VoIP automation, using Perl AFAIK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did some hacks by grepping on tcpdump and a filter, catching a packet or event I was looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-01-27T09:46:54.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5610" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-28T10:01:05.757" Score="-1" ViewCount="3161" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have  you experience  of  using  these and the  knowledge to make  a comparision between them for  the  suitability of  managing a  testing effort?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.openproject.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.openproject.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.projectlibre.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.projectlibre.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On initial inspection they  both look promising but lack documentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4638" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T13:17:11.623" Title="Open project vs Project Libre" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-01-28T18:45:56.153" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5610" CreationDate="2013-01-28T13:17:11.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might get a more informed response over in Project Management &lt;a href=&quot;https://pm.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://pm.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4747" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:46:30.473" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T13:17:11.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5613" CreationDate="2013-01-28T17:26:01.983" Score="8" ViewCount="1322" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm permanently stuck with the following trouble: being Senior QA I need to quickly check and hire people for short-time testing projects. I specialize mostly in manual testing, while the range of applications is practically unlimited: web portals, standalone apps, educational resources, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the problem is: there's a lack of quick (not more than 8-10 hrs) and easily available tasks for staff evaluation. It would be nice to have 5-10 typical testing apps for checking various aspects of QA specialist skills:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tech level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases / scenarios creation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs revealing and description&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help / advice / useful links will be highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ADDITION&lt;/strong&gt;: just in case - Russian is acceptable as well. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:46:40.503" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:46:40.503" Title="What are some small, standalone or web applications for test new QA staff on?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5612" CreationDate="2013-01-28T18:51:59.500" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what kind of advice you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You said &quot;here's a lack of quick (not more than 8-10 hrs) and easily available tasks for staff evaluation. It would be nice to have 5-10 typical testing apps for checking various aspects of QA specialist skills&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than &quot;Create them&quot;, I'm not sure what kind of advice we can offer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've created &quot;buggy&quot; applications in the past, more as &quot;fun&quot; exercises for my team rather than some sort of skills evaluation. You could do the same (if you are a capable developer with some time on your hands), or you could have someone else do it for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few items that might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/11/sites-for-practicing-your-web-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/11/sites-for-practicing-your-web-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/02/wintask-hello-world-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/02/wintask-hello-world-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-triangle-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-triangle-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-triangle-test-2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-triangle-test-2.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-next-date-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-next-date-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/09/wintask-99-bottles-of-beer.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/09/wintask-99-bottles-of-beer.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-02-08T15:52:25.580" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T15:52:25.580" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5612" CreationDate="2013-01-28T18:58:47.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that if they are currently available QA's at your company, you should have some understanding of their skills, or the ability to find out.  Would it not be easier to discuss what you are looking for with their previous leads, or directly with them and see if their skills match up with what you are looking for?  Perhaps you are over-complicating it?  A day's work seems like a lot just to try to figure out something your company should already know about its employees.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you running into a specific issue, where QA members come to work with you on a project and are unable to fill the role requirements?  What kind of screening process do you currently have in place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T18:58:47.547" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5605" CreationDate="2013-01-28T19:27:50.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand your question correctly, there should be.  I've had some success with &lt;a href=&quot;http://opensource.webmetrics.com/browsermob-proxy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserMob Proxy&lt;/a&gt; and have started doing a little of experimentation during my space time with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler/Core/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FiddlerCore&lt;/a&gt;.  Both of these are with general web application testing though.  I'm not certain how either of these would work with a VOIP solution, but, I think that Rsf's idea of Wireshark sounds very promising.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T19:27:50.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2342" CreationDate="2013-01-28T23:04:05.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having fun with Cucumber &amp;amp; Cheese:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/cucumber_and_cheese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://leanpub.com/cucumber_and_cheese&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would fall under the &quot;good resources are there for testers who are learning Cucumber and test automation for the first time, and may not have much programming experience yet&quot; bucket.  I feel like he is bringing me along at a good pace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4750" LastActivityDate="2013-01-28T23:04:05.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5612" CreationDate="2013-01-29T11:33:16.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't mind Russian - here's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://kontur.ru/Files/userfiles/file/edu/Stagirovka%202012/test/default.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; to a simple web-application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4753" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-01-29T11:43:58.060" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T11:43:58.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5612" CreationDate="2013-01-29T11:58:14.843" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is online application that might help you in checking Test Scenarios composing skills: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.metacalc.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.metacalc.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4754" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-01-29T12:01:50.657" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T12:01:50.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5612" CreationDate="2013-01-29T22:38:56.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there's nothing quite like working against real software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you build on-premise software that includes an installer, it should be possible to identify past builds with defects, install the build on a machine somewhere, and then get the tester to re-execute a set of regression scripts, or do some exploratory testing, with the aim of then a) seeing if the find the known bugs (or bonus points for other bugs) and b) interviewing them afterwards to determine the process they went through in finding those bugs, and then what information they captured about them to relay to the rest of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively if build web applications and doing continuous deployment, adjusting your development process to make it easy to deploy old/different builds also works really well for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the .Net community the use of octopus deploy (&lt;a href=&quot;http://octopusdeploy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://octopusdeploy.com/&lt;/a&gt;) is gaining traction - this means you could retrieve old builds and then deploy them to a specific QC environment, where you could then &quot;test&quot; or train the tester on finding those kinds of issues + what diagnostic information to capture about them, so that wider team can reproduce/resolve the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working against real issues (preferably those which have since been resolved) means you can review the issue history/comments on the issue as well with them, to show how the issue was then progressed, resolved and re-tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a developer I find this approach works well with up-skilling new developers on a team into how bugs are discovered, selected for fixing and re-tested too e.g. checkout an earlier branch, have a go at fixing the issue, then review what the actual commit for fixing it looked like, and how the fix was then retested etc. (which is normally all in the comment history of the issue in your defect tracker, hopefully!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2986" LastActivityDate="2013-01-29T22:38:56.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5625" CreationDate="2013-01-31T10:39:31.023" Score="30" ViewCount="9853" Body="&lt;p&gt;For QA workstations preparation (Windows-based PCs) our IT department uses typical batch deployment tools. I'm not at all interested in the details of such process, but IT guys ask me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What typical set of software you need for everyday &lt;strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;manual&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; testing tasks? We could include these in our deployment so that you guys could save more time for testing, not for environment prep &amp;amp; tuning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure thing we do test various range of projects, from web applications to standalone solutions, and each application requires its own set of tools for manual testing, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Virtualization utilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DB clients&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screens capturing tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FTP clients&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XML editors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, and that's for sure - there's a list of tools every QA MUST have installed on its PC, regardless of project types under testing. My area of experience is mostly standalone / complex web apps, that's why my vision on the task is a bit subjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, your suggestions of what are tools / software an average QA specialist can't live without will be highly appreciated. 2 assumptions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual&lt;/strong&gt; testing is a point of interest.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let's limit the list to not more than 15 (better 10) items.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-07T06:35:25.427" LastActivityDate="2020-09-08T09:32:43.683" Title="Typical software &amp; tools short-list for *manual* QA specialist (tester) working environment" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="17" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-01-31T12:06:51.073" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you exclude the systems used to execute the application-under-test (Operating System, Browser, etc) there are &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; tools a tester &lt;strong&gt;cannot&lt;/strong&gt; live without. There are many tools that make testing stronger, more thorough, easier, faster, and/or more efficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use bug tracking tools, text reading/editing/printing tools, document storage and retrieval tools for pretty much everything we do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And we use lots more tools on many of the things we do.  Here are some:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wintask.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WinTask&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use WinTask for most of our website automation tasks, regression tests, etc.  It's very easy to use, yet amazingly powerful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.baremetalsoft.com/baretail/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BareTail&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our systems tend to have fairly comprehensive logs which provide a lot of useful information for analyzing the results of tests.  BareTail makes it easy to watch several logs simultaneously, and highlight areas of interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.baremetalsoft.com/baregrep/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BareGrep&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our systems tend to have a lot of configuration files.  BareGrep makes it easy to search through them and find the desired settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allroundautomations.com/plsqldev.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PL/SQL Developer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use this for pretty much all of our analysis of database activity, for creating test data, for testing stored procedures, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://winmerge.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WinMerge&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often our testing involves comparing the recent output to baselines.  Sometimes the output comes from our system-under-test, sometimes the output is created during our automated tests. WinMerge makes comparison with the baseline, and analysis of the differences, very efficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sharepoint.microsoft.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SharePoint&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We keep our development and test assets (Requirements, Specs, Test Plans, Schedules, Checklists, etc) in SharePoint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bugzilla.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bugzilla&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our current bug-tracking tool of choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mirekw.com/winfreeware/mwsnap.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MWSnap&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're currently using MWSnap for screenshots, typically for attaching to bug reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/testers-tool-box.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here's another list&lt;/a&gt; of good tools we've used at times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2018-03-28T13:01:58.980" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T13:01:58.980" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-01-31T14:53:04.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might think my answer is snarky but my brain, notebook and pen is pretty much all I need&#xA;I do use other tools but none I consider 'essential'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-01-31T14:53:04.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5050" CreationDate="2013-01-31T16:30:38.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What we do at my company is this: We sit down and model the flow through the application. Every point where the user makes a decision causes a branching path, and every path ends with an expected outcome. That way we're sure we understand everything the software is meant to do (And often, the developers hadn't thought about the user doing things out of sequence or some such action, so they forgot to account for it). Then it's easy to write test cases: just follow each path (we use an automated tool that generates manual test scripts from models). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2013-01-31T16:30:38.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-01-31T16:37:43.677" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some additional tools to the others (+1 to Phil and Joe, great suggestions) mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mind Mapping tool (e.g. XMind)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database Querying/Scripting tool (e.g. SQL Server Management Studio)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screenshot Capturing tool (e.g. PicPick, windows problem step recorder)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Generation tool (e.g. www.generatedata.com)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Notepad++&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser specific dev tool bars (e.g. firebug, IE dev toolbar etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Combinatorial testing/pair-wise tools (e.g. AllPairs, PICT)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastActivityDate="2013-01-31T16:37:43.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5572" CreationDate="2013-01-31T16:50:26.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest using a modelling tool to perform &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-based_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Model-based testing&lt;/a&gt;; we use one called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.critical-logic.com/products/direct-to-test-ddt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Direct-to-test (DTT)&lt;/a&gt; at our workplace. Basically, you can set up a path through the application and specify what should vary based on what configuration files, proving therefore that you've covered every configuration file option (usually a cluster of nodes at the beginning of the model) and every path through the application, and let the tool generate the test cases from that. It's not a spreadsheet, but it can be easier to show people outside your department a graphic than a spreadsheet anyway. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2013-04-03T11:21:56.377" LastActivityDate="2013-04-03T11:21:56.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-01-31T18:27:26.880" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll try not to repeat any of the tools already listed.  Some that I use extensively that I don't see in other answers are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fiddler - http debugging proxy &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beyond Compare - diffing tool for files or folders &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perfmon, Filemon, Processmon - monitoring different parts of the SUT. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Snipping Tool - screenshots&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-01-31T18:27:26.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5603" CreationDate="2013-01-31T19:17:24.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should take a look at  Febooti. It is an open-source program that can create/send emails. I was using it prior to send an email with test results every morning once my test suites were finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good Luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4764" LastActivityDate="2013-01-31T19:17:24.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5633" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-31T19:37:36.013" Score="1" ViewCount="3240" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to reach out and get some opinions of Testing hardware. Should I use VMs or a stand-alone tower? If I use VMs, what would be some recommended hardware specs for the hosting server? If a standalone physical workstation, what would you recommend in regards to processor power, ram, and gpu-wise?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I have about 242 Selenium WebDriver tests spread across 11 test suites for which I run in parallel with each other. I am going to be adding at least another 360 tests in the near-future. My goal is to be able to run all the test suites simulatenously while not sacrificing the performance of each test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also let's say that my budget is $8,000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you all for your time and any advice you may give.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&#xA;Travis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4764" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T11:18:11.927" Title="Testing Server/Workstation Hardware specs recommendations?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5634" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-01-31T20:04:16.887" Score="6" ViewCount="2763" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to devise a strategy for load/stress testing our web application.  JUnit/JCrawler and to a lesser degree Selenium Grid can be used for our HTTP request load/stress testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not been able to find any software that can handle the nature of AJAX calls.  The web application is a records management system, the AJAX calls come into play when performing any CRUD operation on a page.  We need to test load/stress for a number of users saving records, deleting records, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked at JMeter, Gatling, JCrawler, The Grinder, FWPTT, and Selenium Grid, and none of them are capable of performing AJAX functions.  Is there a tool that is capable of load/stress testing AJAX calls?  Open-source is preferable, although commercial solutions are an option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T19:10:37.560" Title="Is there load/stress testing software that can be used for Ajax calls?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-02-01T06:20:18.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Notepad++&lt;/strong&gt; is certainly the No.1 tool I need all the time :-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WMHelp &lt;strong&gt;XMLPad&lt;/strong&gt;/Foxe/IE to read XML files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lightshot&lt;/strong&gt; as a printscreen utility.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Webex recorder/Camstudio&lt;/strong&gt; for screen record.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oracle &lt;strong&gt;SQL Developer&lt;/strong&gt; to query database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oh I need &lt;strong&gt;Wordweb&lt;/strong&gt; also :-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HP &lt;strong&gt;Quality Center&lt;/strong&gt; (Licensed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2013-02-01T07:35:25.687" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T07:35:25.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5636" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-02-01T07:02:17.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A testing environment is a setup of software and hardware on which the testing team is going to perform the testing of the software product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This setup consists of the physical setup which includes hardware, and logical setup that includes any software components required to run the software product. In general, test environment should simulate production environment as closely as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com/quality-assurance/what-is-a-testing-environment-for-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What is a Testing environment for software testing?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample testing environment design:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2VZQ8.png&quot; alt=&quot;Sample Testing Environment&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-02-01T16:49:57.980" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T16:49:57.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5637" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-02-01T07:02:17.650" Score="0" Body="A testing environment is a setup of software and hardware on which the testing team is going to perform the testing of the software product." OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-02-01T16:50:01.070" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T16:50:01.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5638" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-01T07:21:32.097" Score="2" ViewCount="1740" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium RC and Java and I need to automate the file upload feature.I tried a lot, Clicking on Browse button is not executing and rather getting stuck. I tried in FireFox  but to no avail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my code:I used different commands to load file ...like &quot;type&quot; &amp;amp; &quot;AttachFile&quot;.pls can any one help me how to upload a file from &quot;File Upload window&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;RemoteControlConfiguration rcc =new RemoteControlConfiguration();&#xA;        rcc.setPort(3333);&#xA;        SeleniumServer ss = new SeleniumServer(rcc);&#xA;        ss.start();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;DefaultSelenium  browser = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot; , 3333 , &quot;*firefox&quot; ,&quot;http://&quot;);&#xA;        browser.start();&#xA;        browser.open(&quot;http://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/ask&quot;);&#xA;        browser.windowMaximize();&#xA;        browser.setSpeed(&quot;20000&quot;);&#xA;        browser.click(&quot;id=nav-askquestion&quot;);&#xA;        browser.click(&quot;id=wmd-image-button&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Used type command&#xA;             browser.type(&quot;id=upload-file-input&quot;, &quot;C:\\Documents and Settings\\Home\\Desktop\\dropdown.jpg&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Used AttachFile command&#xA;  browser.attachFile(&quot;id=upload-file-input&quot;,&quot;C:\\Documents and Settings\\Home\\Desktop\\dropdown.jpg&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Used Runtime command&#xA;    Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;C:\\Documents and Settings\\Home\\Desktop\\dropdown.jpg&quot;);![enter image description here][1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4712" LastActivityDate="2013-02-07T12:56:29.083" Title="FileUpload using selenium RC and java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5603" CreationDate="2013-02-01T09:05:01.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parasoft SOAtest would be able to handle this. It would enable you to send emails and apply a time based assertion on receiving the response. On a failure it could then email you with an alert.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.parasoft.com/jsp/products/soatest.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.parasoft.com/jsp/products/soatest.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2083" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T09:05:01.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5605" CreationDate="2013-02-01T18:28:41.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few different solutions off the top of my head.  There are several proxies that others have already mentioned that have APIs that can be made to listen on whatever port you need.  They may not get granular enough though for what you need.  If I were looking in this area I'd maybe take a look at Python's socket module.: &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python.org/2/library/socket.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.python.org/2/library/socket.html&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This even gives an example of sniffing and then parsing:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.binarytides.com/python-packet-sniffer-code-linux/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.binarytides.com/python-packet-sniffer-code-linux/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T18:28:41.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5638" CreationDate="2013-02-01T23:15:50.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, the second parameter to the &lt;code&gt;browser.attachFile&lt;/code&gt; method is a URL, not a file path.  In your case, the URL will be something like &lt;code&gt;file:///C|/Documents and Settings/Home/Desktop/dropdown.jpg&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-02-01T23:15:50.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-02-02T00:21:21.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd add the &lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb842062&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sysinternals suite&lt;/a&gt; to the mix - especially &lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb896653&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Process Explorer&lt;/a&gt;. Knowing how to use even a handful of the tools in the suite can help diagnose and discover a huge number of quality issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastEditorUserId="72" LastEditDate="2013-02-04T19:15:45.337" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T19:15:45.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-02T08:20:52.880" Score="8" ViewCount="685" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am raising a question I'm sure some of you had to tackle or will tackle soon. More and more software&#xA;projects are adopting the test automation approach. Test automation can be achieve in multiple ways.&#xA;In a project I joined lately the approach we have chosen is to recruit a team of software engineers that&#xA;will be responsible for testing the project. We call this position Software Engineer in Test. This &#xA;team will be able to consult the Software Engineers how to work with unit tests and will produce the more &#xA;high level tests of the system (e.g. integration tests, end to end tests, performance tests, etc...).&#xA;The Software Engineer in Tests will also write tools that will facilitate testing like simulators, data&#xA;generators and the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my point of view, this position is very interesting and requires not only finding excellent software engineers,&#xA;but also ones that have great passion to what they do and that pay attention to quality. It seems that a lot&#xA;of Software Engineers in Israel don't see eye to eye with my point of view and are not interested in this position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;My questions to you are:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you suggest to sell this position to Software Engineers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you describe good and bad experience in recruiting to this kind of position?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are a previous Software Engineer that changed to a Software Engineer in Test position &#xA;please describe what contributed to your decision.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4767" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:46:28.690" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:46:28.690" Title="How to Sell the Software Engineer in Test Position?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5741" CreationDate="2013-02-02T13:25:35.607" Score="2" ViewCount="509" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am beginner to hp load runner ,today i tested my first sample url(inbuilt url to test app) in hp loadrunner 9.0&#xA;i have done with recording and while i  playback the recording,i got stuck with an error message as seen in screen shot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5lueU.png&quot; alt=&quot;screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i tried with rerecording the application with &lt;code&gt;https/http&lt;/code&gt; but the result is same,how can i rectify these type of errors?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="2859" LastEditDate="2013-02-02T13:33:31.287" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T06:50:38.887" Title="Error code -32999 while testing sample app at loadrunner" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5643" CreationDate="2013-02-02T15:52:23.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me share my experience. I had a telephonic conversation with a fresher who was offered SDET and not an SDE in my previous organization. I was asked to have a call to hear his concerns / doubts about the role. As a fresher he felt SDE is much superior compared to SDET / STE role. The discussion was in three phases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phase I&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I introduced myself; I had close 10 yrs exp in DEV-TEST-SUPPORT-DEV-QA. I switched back between roles depending on&#xA;projects / products I worked on&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;He introduced himself, His interests, and ambitions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phase II&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I conveyed him the discussion is to provide clarity on SDET / SDE roles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a fresher idea I observed his fear was, He did not want to remain as Manual QA, His understanding was career move / coding opportunities would be minimal in test function&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I used my experience as a case to explain how I switched different functions, learning challenges in each role and how I managed to make it work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phase III&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selling Pitch, I suggested him to take up the role, build QA tools, Automation Framework and move to development after proving himself in current role&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verdict &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The discussion was well, I was not sure how much the candidate got convinced. I finally heard from HR he agreed for SDET position. After couple of months I had quit my previous Organization before meeting the candidate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-02-02T15:52:23.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5643" CreationDate="2013-02-02T15:52:33.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I would not sell it with the name you have.  It implies you are making them only do testing, and if they are a software engineer you've already got your hands full trying to get them to want to do any testing of their own development, let alone a job that is completely about testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, I would attempt to pitch this position as an Architect role that will have control over the ALM processes of the company.  Instead of a position about &quot;testing&quot;, it becomes a position about improving processes to achieve continuous delivery, and being able to track it.  Part of that continuous delivery is the feedback and quality, which is where test automation comes in.  You may also want these folks to be looking into better tools for tracking work, logging bugs, continuous deployment capabilities to support testing more often, continuous integration tools, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suddenly you've gone from a position of &quot;Hey guys, I know you don't like testing, but we want you to test all the time&quot; to &quot;Hey guys, we know you have great ideas about how we can work better and we want to give you a promotion and have you define what is going to be the best process for our company to improve the quality of our builds&quot;.  Give them the autonomy we all crave, and they'll bang down the door to do that job.  Or at the very least they won't run from you in fear :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of that, you'll also be telling them &quot;It's okay, you can still code if you want to, because there are lots of automated tests the rest of the team will need help with&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4683" LastActivityDate="2013-02-02T15:52:33.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5643" CreationDate="2013-02-02T15:57:16.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you want to find software engineers who are already interested in testing.  Your job is to sell them on the company, the product, and the technology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have met several extremely talented software engineers who preferred testing to product development.  Those individuals were invaluable.  On the other hand, I have also known engineers who joined the test group as a stepping stone into product development.  There is nothing necessarily wrong with that, but you do not want to hire people who do not care about testing.  If that kind of engineer does not move quickly enough into product development, they will be unhappy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-02-02T15:57:16.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5638" CreationDate="2013-02-02T16:34:36.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the form is normal html form, you can skip opening the file upload dialog (which you don't need to test as hopefully you haven't implemented it yourself), and just enter the filename to the form field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement uploadInputField = browser.findElement(By.Id(&quot;upload-file-input&quot;));&#xA;uploadInputField.sendKeys(&quot;C:\\Documents and Settings\\Home\\Desktop\\dropdown.jpg&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2013-02-02T16:34:36.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5643" CreationDate="2013-02-02T17:09:10.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently work on a small team, where I develop test automation in essentially the same way that you describe. To develop effective test automation at the higher levels, you have to be able/willing/trained to quickly perform the scenarios manually before they are automated. Inevitably, defects will be uncovered during these manual runs. As a result, the person running those scenarios should be trained in testing skills, such as recognizing defects from established oracles and submitting a coherent defect report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have others run the manual tests and write detailed scripts to specify the automation to the &quot;engineer&quot;, but that becomes very wasteful and the risk of mis-communication is great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with the opinion that the person you are looking for is someone with a coding background that is interested and trained in testing as a career. Advertising the position as a stepping stone to a development career is a mistake (IMHO).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-02-02T17:09:10.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5215" CreationDate="2013-02-03T00:07:30.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My thoughts are that this is more about the differences between static and dynamic than analysis and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My own personal definitions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Static testing&lt;/strong&gt; = Testing of requirements, designs, specifications, log files, configuration files etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dynamic testing&lt;/strong&gt; = Testing of the application whilst it is running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Static analysis&lt;/strong&gt; = Analysis of application source code to find errors, inconsistencies and areas of high complexity, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dynamic analysis&lt;/strong&gt; = Analysis of the application whilst it is running, to find memory leaks, performance issues etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So back to your original question, my personal view, would be that you could have analysis as part of your testing, however testing != analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-02-03T00:07:30.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5643" CreationDate="2013-02-03T19:47:31.490" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a person who made the switch and I've worked on a team for two years which is primarily made up of SDETS.  I was interested in it because I wanted to explore something new and I liked writing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hiring SDETS is very hard because you need engineering, quality and test expertise and they're seldom found in the same person.  We find qualified test folks who don't meet our engineering bar quite frequently.  The people who would meet the bar don't identify with doing this type of work, so we never see them.  Do not get discouraged, it's going to take a while. (It takes us 3-6 months to find a qualified hire) &lt;strong&gt;Do not lower your engineering bar to make this hire&lt;/strong&gt;.  So how do you sell people on the position?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First off, you should get potential hires who self-identify as having a passion for quality.  There are many developers who believe that they have this passion.  Trying to sell someone who doesn't have the passion will be very difficult, and the performance of the person will probably not be as good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you find a person who identifies themselves as someone with a passion for quality they will be easier to sell.  For you, since it is a new team, you can try to find an &quot;explorer&quot; type person who wants to do something completely new.  You can also look for people who enjoy writing tests.  You can start the conversation about the position by asking exploratory questions.  How do you achieve quality?  What tools can you think of to do testing for X?  Does quality really mean testing?  Maybe it means measuring other things or writing tools to make testing easier.  If you also have developers in house, I'd look to those people first.  The most successful SDETs I know are developers who made the switch from SDE to SDET.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last thing, we've been very successful hiring recent college graduates for our SDET roles recently.  I think this is because they are more willing to try something new and haven't picked a career direction yet.  The flip side (aside from a wide variance in performance of college hires) is that they are more likely to want to transition to pure development roles.  So those types of transitions should be expected so make sure you keep the pipeline of talent warm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4774" LastActivityDate="2013-02-03T19:47:31.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5658" CreationDate="2013-02-04T06:06:22.773" Score="10" ViewCount="7895" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a software tester, basically black box using both manual and automation testing approaches.  Looking down the lane, I see several career paths ahead of me, but definitely not manual testing since it is not much challenging.  I don't want to take the path of being a test manager and handling people on the business side either as I hate both.  On the other hand comparing to software developers can I pursue a path that is technically challenging and not monotonous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is a test architect equally challenging when compared to a software architect in dev. I know this greatly varies from product based companies and service based companies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came upon this idea because I find writing a sorting algorithm is much more exciting than testing it.  Since testing it is just giving a set of values and verifying the result - anybody can do that.  But writing algorithms not many can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It would be great if someone can share valuable insights on this.  Someone who has made the job switch because of such a reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2654" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:23:59.240" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T09:11:45.047" Title="Software Testing as a career path? Becoming a test architect" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5652" CreationDate="2013-02-04T07:36:53.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may like to check &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5156/what-options-are-available-in-the-career-path-of-a-tester/5158#5158&quot;&gt;this post&lt;/a&gt; which looks similar to your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T13:25:37.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5652" CreationDate="2013-02-04T07:52:39.690" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/alanpa/archive/2008/05/01/what-is-a-test-architect.aspx&quot;&gt;Alan (Page) post explaining how Microsoft see the role of a test architect&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.oracle.com/johnmorrison/entry/test_architect&quot;&gt;Another post by John Morrison describing how Oracle sees it&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read the posts above I think you know now that there is no one concrete definition for a test architect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a test architect at a large global company, and find it challenging and exciting but the contents of my job is tailored to my skills and the needs of the branch I work for, so I'm not sure you will be able to learn something useful from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you know that there are more things to testing than manual testing, for example someone should have deep understanding of the system under test, work with the developers and architects during the design phase and finally decide how to test it and how to interpret results- this is usually called a senior tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW when you write &quot; I find writing a sorting algorithm is much more exciting than testing it&quot; I get the feeling that you are not built for testing...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T07:52:39.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5660" CreationDate="2013-02-04T11:06:43.247" Score="1" ViewCount="2271" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which is the BEST Open source tool for QA Management, which can provide integration with Bugzilla and jira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2334" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T15:47:32.350" Title="Open source tool for QA Management,which can provide integration with Bugzilla and jira" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-02-04T23:36:38.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5655" CreationDate="2013-02-04T11:20:21.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teamst.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testlink&lt;/a&gt;, Open Source Test Management system. It can integrate with a variety of bug management tools as well as automation tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Search for the Testlink tag in this site and you will see numerous discussions regarding it, if you require more information or you can browse their website for more information. You can access their demo site, if you would like to see it in action via the following link &lt;a href=&quot;http://demo.testlink.org/tl194demo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLink Demo site&lt;/a&gt; and use admin (username) and admin (password) to login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T11:20:21.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5678" CreationDate="2013-02-04T12:12:32.407" Score="4" ViewCount="615" Body="&lt;p&gt;When testing a mobile app (android in this case), I like to use the SDK to monitor the data traffic between app and server. This to easier detect defects and send the reports to the proper developer (system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I use Putty/Cygwin and use commando prompt: &lt;code&gt;adb –s /deviceId\ logcat –s /special-phrace-to-filter-out-everything-else-butt–app-traffic\&lt;/code&gt;. This is all good and I can follow the data traffic between client and server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to my problem: I would like the console to &lt;strong&gt;catch/recognize special phrases&lt;/strong&gt; and give those phrases &lt;strong&gt;different color&lt;/strong&gt;. Anyone know if there is a nice tool for this? (It doesn’t need  to be Putty / CygWin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-02-07T18:06:52.817" LastActivityDate="2013-03-07T17:34:16.577" Title="Tool to color-highlight important phrases in log" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5652" CreationDate="2013-02-04T12:48:18.457" Score="20" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I came upon this idea because I find writing a sorting algorithm is&#xA;  much more exciting than testing it.Since testing it is just giving a&#xA;  set of values and verifying the result.Anybody can do that.But,writing&#xA;  algorithms not many can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, don't seek a test architect's position. If this is truly how you feel, you should strive to be in development, and not part of test at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is very little need for most test architects to write sorting algorithms. (I don't know of any who regularly write sorting algorithms).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And anyone who writes that testing is &quot;just giving a set of values&quot; and &quot;Anybody can do that&quot; should re-think if they really belong in testing. Perhaps it's just because you are new to testing and don't really understand it yet, or perhaps your test team isn't typical, but that's certainly not what my test team does. We do a lot more than just giving a set of values. (And we never write sorting algorithms)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might help: &lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2012/05/if-you-dont-really-want-career-in.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2012/05/if-you-dont-really-want-career-in.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="37945" LastEditDate="2019-04-05T09:11:45.047" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T09:11:45.047" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-02-04T15:07:21.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Peter, great topic.&#xA;I'd list some other new apps, not mentioned eariler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Altova XML Spy - great in working / processing XML files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filezilla - good FTP client with SSH support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.9bis.net/kitty/?page=Download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kitty&lt;/a&gt; - a small SSH client, we use in viewing server logs in real-time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4777" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-27T16:28:56.920" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T16:28:56.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5655" CreationDate="2013-02-04T15:47:32.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's probably worth checking out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testiatarantula.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tarantula&lt;/a&gt; which is available as a free open source test management tool that can integrate with Jira and Bugzilla.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4780" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T15:47:32.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-02-04T18:06:35.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remote access tools - Putty, WinSCP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:53:09.800" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:53:09.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5663" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-04T18:24:54.663" Score="12" ViewCount="80366" Body="&lt;p&gt;I searched online, but couldn't find anything about how to stop page loading over a browser using &lt;code&gt;selenium web-driver&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea for the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4782" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-02-04T19:50:19.850" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T04:44:34.213" Title="Is it possible to stop page loading on the browser using selenium web-driver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5663" CreationDate="2013-02-04T19:13:25.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to simulate the browser's STOP button, this post should help you out &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5453423/how-to-stop-the-page-loading-in-firefox-programaticaly&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5453423/how-to-stop-the-page-loading-in-firefox-programaticaly&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T19:13:25.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5665" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-04T22:03:41.197" Score="4" ViewCount="609" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a pretty fast (&gt;100WPM) typer and I am constantly hitting issues with QTP recognizing my input/keeping up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two examples that come immediately to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shift+Space does not actually put in a space.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shift+BkSp undoes my backspace.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there ANY way to get QTP 11 to act like a regular program?  Shift+Space should still insert a space (just tried this while typing the question) and Shift+BkSp still deletes characters, like it should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm constantly missing spaces during my test scripts (i.e. HELLOWORLD instead of HELLO WORLD) and I'm constantly having to redo my backspaces after a shift+BkSp entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4784" LastActivityDate="2014-03-02T13:46:02.867" Title="QTP 11 and special (weird) keyboard inputs during Expert View coding" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5479" CreationDate="2013-02-04T22:24:59.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started creating a library to work with HighCharts, what I currently have is available here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Ardesco/Powder-Monkey/tree/master/src/main/java/com/lazerycode/selenium/graphs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Ardesco/Powder-Monkey/tree/master/src/main/java/com/lazerycode/selenium/graphs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's quite hard to provide a generic library that deals with HighCharts as the customisation options on the individual charts can modify the SVG markup quite a bit. Hopefully the above will help to a degree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I do more it will be updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T22:24:59.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5652" CreationDate="2013-02-04T22:46:57.833" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I came upon this idea because I find writing a sorting algorithm is much more exciting than testing it. Since testing it is just giving a set of values and verifying the result - anybody can do that. But writing algorithms not many can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That isn't testing.  Just taking a set of values and verifying the result?  The tester needs to define what values are needed.  How do you know the result is correct?  Will it always be correct, even with other input?  Is it the right solution at all?  Can you write the appropriate automated test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've only worked as a tester as a short time, completely untrained.  And it was long enough to realize that there is a LOT to know and learn; it's more than just coding, more than just math; it's a career direction in itself that can be very impressive.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, and if you're not testing the algorithms you're writing, you're also not doing a good job as a developer.  Testing is way above and beyond that.  Writing &lt;strong&gt;correct&lt;/strong&gt; algorithms even fewer can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1744" LastActivityDate="2013-02-04T22:46:57.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5657" CreationDate="2013-02-05T08:26:53.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Configurable highlighting feature of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.baremetalsoft.com/baretail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BareTail&lt;/a&gt; works for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using it with adb needs some tweaking, for example redirecting the output to a file that BareTail will show:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb shell cat /proc/kmsg &amp;gt; file_to_show.txt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-02-07T18:09:07.683" LastActivityDate="2013-02-07T18:09:07.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5665" CreationDate="2013-02-05T09:02:05.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a partial solution to your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can change the Key Bindings with Tools&gt;Options&gt;Key Bindings. Unfortunately, you cannot use the Backspace as new shortcut key, because the interface thinks you want to delete the previous character (try it if you want, I wasn't able to do this in QTP 10). So we have to work around this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Close QTP &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to the &lt;code&gt;bin&lt;/code&gt; folder of the QTP installation. In my case&#xA;it was here: &lt;code&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\HP\QuickTest Professional\bin&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the QTEditor.ini file Change line &lt;code&gt;Delete before&#xA;cursor=2097701&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;Delete before cursor=2097701,35652133&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change&#xA;line &lt;code&gt;Undo=35652095,35652133&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;Undo=35652095&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save the file &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open QTP, you can now use &lt;code&gt;SHIFT + Backspace&lt;/code&gt; to delete a character.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, you cannot enter a shortcut key for forward space. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4787" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T09:02:05.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5670" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-05T09:37:57.723" Score="1" ViewCount="1525" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been tasked with considering standards that can be used for hardware testing and QA - the hardware in this case being, for example, DAQ (DAC/ADC) and timing systems for diagnostics in a physics research environment (hardware cards with 2 kinds of software driver layers and then user applications at the top).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The organization this is meant for has already adopted ISO/IEC 12207 for Software Processes and I am trying to understand how this co-exists with ISO/IEC 15288.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the same time, there is a task of evaluating other possible standards that could be considered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you don't mind my asking this in a Software QA forum (I am assuming that some of you &lt;em&gt;also&lt;/em&gt; wear hardware testing hats!), what other standards could you suggest for me to look at (instead of 15288)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4788" LastActivityDate="2013-05-14T14:21:28.190" Title="What other standards exist for Hardware QA?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5671" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-05T10:01:10.123" Score="6" ViewCount="702" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is aimed at QA people who have already adopted ISO 12207.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do any of you have experience with ISO 15288 as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does the act of adopting 15288 &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; starting with 12207 affect existing process documents? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you leave your 12207 software-specific process documents as is, and only introduce non-software process documents as required?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4788" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T23:36:41.307" Title="What are the implications of adding ISO 15288 after ISO 12207?" Tags="&lt;standards&gt;&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5672" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-05T11:55:32.590" Score="2" ViewCount="8734" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you please suggest some non-trivial web forms for test case preparation training? The form should concern different field validation warnings, number autocomplete, dynamic fields, etc. Nice sample: &lt;a href=&quot;https://accounts.google.com/SignUp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google SignUp form&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4754" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-02-06T15:43:16.947" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T02:13:21.730" Title="Complex registration forms examples for test cases creation practicing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5672" CreationDate="2013-02-05T13:30:01.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Svetlana, since most publicly-available registration forms for large websites fit your criteria, I'd imagine you could use any of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also consider some Shopping-Carts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many file upload/download forms (such as those for photos, etc) meet your criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T13:30:01.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5672" CreationDate="2013-02-05T16:04:27.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually social networks / web mail services have a nice many-different-fields reg forms, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mail.yandex.ru/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://mail.yandex.ru/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://e.mail.ru/cgi-bin/signup?from=main&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://e.mail.ru/cgi-bin/signup?from=main&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BTW, SO profile page: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/users/1953175/peter-l&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/users/1953175/peter-l&lt;/a&gt; is a nicest thing to train your cases creation skills, since there are many &quot;hidden&quot; parts, tabs and features which may be quite easily missed by not experienced QA.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck with your learning!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T16:04:27.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2070" CreationDate="2013-02-05T16:51:51.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you try using &lt;a href=&quot;http://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenose&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenose&lt;/a&gt;? (this is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online document&lt;/a&gt;) I think this library might be the one fit you. It has something like this in setup.cfg:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[nosetests]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with-selenium-driver = true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;selenium-driver = firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[selenium-driver:firefox]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;webdriver = firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[selenium-driver:chrome]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;webdriver = chrome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so, you can use command to run test like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;nosetest --with-selenium-driver --selenium-driver=firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4792" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T16:51:51.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-02-05T17:35:59.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;below is my addition to the list - tools I use very often during testing and preparations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firebug addon for Firefox - for me it's a true &lt;code&gt;*must-have*&lt;/code&gt; for web testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CRC/MD5 checksum creation / verification utility (I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quicksfv.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;QuickSFV&lt;/a&gt;, it's free and really quick)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DB Clients:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQLDeveloper (for Oracle)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQL Server Management Studio (for MSSQL, was mentioned above)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other tools I use are the same or similar to already listed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4793" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T17:35:59.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-02-05T17:54:52.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium&lt;/strong&gt;+*&lt;em&gt;Firefox&lt;/em&gt;* for recording/playback of web sessions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cygwin&lt;/strong&gt; for access to useful Unix-style tools (file, stat, lsof, bash, vim, nc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JetBrains dotPeek&lt;/strong&gt; to disassemble DLLs (I use this so that I can call methods from &lt;strong&gt;IronPython&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="43" LastActivityDate="2013-02-05T17:54:52.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5657" CreationDate="2013-02-06T13:21:14.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you only need a single color, you can use grep like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;egrep --color &quot;a regular expression|&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might try &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/snaketail-net/issues/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;snaketail-net&lt;/a&gt;.  It runs in its own window rather than in a console, but it claims to highlight regular expressions in large log files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you may be able to write a shell script that meets your needs.  In bash, you can use the &lt;code&gt;tput&lt;/code&gt; command to generate escape sequences for changing colors.  See &lt;a href=&quot;http://linuxtidbits.wordpress.com/2008/08/11/output-color-on-bash-scripts/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; for details.  You may need to experiment to determine whether the same instructions work with cygwin's shell.  You can use something like the &lt;code&gt;sed&lt;/code&gt; command to edit strings that match regular expressions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-03-07T17:34:16.577" LastActivityDate="2013-03-07T17:34:16.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5672" CreationDate="2013-02-06T17:24:15.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also add to the list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Financial institutions&lt;/strong&gt; - Banks and Credit Cards.  They also provide an option to select second layer of authentication during registration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-02-06T17:24:15.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5657" CreationDate="2013-02-06T22:18:58.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vanheusden.com/multitail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vanheusden.com/multitail/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should fit the bill for what you are looking for&#xA;I haven't tried it on cygwin but I think there's a build for it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have multiple color scheme so when you call your script, just pass it the color scheme you want&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also support regex so you can easily highlight timestamps or ip address&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus, it also does much more than color text :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4799" LastActivityDate="2013-02-06T22:18:58.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5672" CreationDate="2013-02-07T11:33:45.543" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following site offers many sample forms and will allow you to practice your test cases easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wufoo.com/examples/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wufoo.com/examples/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4801" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-02-08T02:13:21.730" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T02:13:21.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5682" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5719" CreationDate="2013-02-07T11:34:49.833" Score="2" ViewCount="2393" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a small agile team and would like a free online Kanban board that links with TFS. The reason that I would like it to link to TFS is to cut the admin of entering in all the stories and having to update another piece of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2989" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-02-10T19:36:55.897" LastActivityDate="2013-05-24T12:55:25.890" Title="What free Kanban boards link with TFS" Tags="&lt;tfs2010&gt;&lt;planning&gt;&lt;kanban&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5682" CreationDate="2013-02-07T14:24:53.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may want to look at TFS 2012.  It now has a Kanban board in the tool.  There is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://tfs.visualstudio.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;preview version of the TFS service in the cloud&lt;/a&gt; available if you want to check it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I looked into it for TFS 2010, I was only able to find free Kanban tools that did not link to TFS, or paid ones like &lt;a href=&quot;http://urbanturtle.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Urban Turtle&lt;/a&gt; that could actually integrate with TFS 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4683" LastActivityDate="2013-02-07T14:24:53.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5682" CreationDate="2013-02-08T07:01:43.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps no link with TFS, but consider to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://trello.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Trello&lt;/a&gt;: it's free and worth it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T07:01:43.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5612" CreationDate="2013-02-08T08:21:45.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Small standalone buggy application exactly for your needs: &lt;a href=&quot;http://software-testing.ru/forum/index.php?/topic/6733/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://software-testing.ru/forum/index.php?/topic/6733/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the list of available bugs seems to be easily available as well, so be aware! :)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here is the list of possible questions / topics for QA skills evaluation (Russian forum): &lt;a href=&quot;http://software-testing.ru/forum/index.php?//topic/12451/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://software-testing.ru/forum/index.php?//topic/12451/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4806" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T08:21:45.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1332" CreationDate="2013-02-08T11:33:27.240" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No jQuery will not be faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IE has a very slow JavaScript engine compared to other modern browsers.  Using jQuery selectors means you are using JavaScript to query the DOM, so you are instantly limited by IE's JavaScript engine.  XPath support in IE is also via a JavaScript library (Google's wicked good xpath library), so XPath's will also be slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fastest locator strategy in IE is CSS because of its native support, of course different versions of IE have differing support for CSS and as a result different CSS locators are supported in different versions of IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the above makes IE an absolute joy to automate... ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T11:33:27.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5692" CreationDate="2013-02-08T14:54:04.393" Score="10" ViewCount="1850" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being Senior QA, I often face one and the same problem: for every project I'm involved in I need to &lt;strong&gt;prepare / collect / generate various sort of testing data&lt;/strong&gt;. It might be VERY different - below are examples I had to deal with during last year only:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XML files (application integration layer transport testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set of as-much-as-possible video files with different format encoding (online converter testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISBN number generation (publishing store testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Typical office-like set of docs (MS / Open Office, PDF, PS, etc.) of various versions / formats (testing proprietary online doc viewer similar to Google Docs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...And so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So... basically I often spend too much time for preparing / collecting things folks in the next room already have &quot;on the shelf&quot;. That's why I'd like to organize a centralized solution, like network drive or share, with the set of test data files and / or generators available for the whole QA department.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure thing I tried to accomplish that many times, but I faced the following (the list is actually far from complete):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lack of data: new projects come, we need smth new OR current set of data is not enough.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;People still prepare data on their own and do not share it (for numerous reasons) - they're lazy or not motivated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's quite difficult to maintain &amp;amp; keep the set up-to date: each team / QA tries to do the best - as a result, we have similar &lt;strong&gt;sets of data organized in different manner&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes it's hard to decide which files should be &lt;strong&gt;kept as prepared set&lt;/strong&gt;, and which ones &lt;strong&gt;better generate as required&lt;/strong&gt; using appropriate software / converter / tool etc. At least we should keep in mind cost of storage, since it's not effective to store 100 x 250Mb files filled with dummy data for bandwidth load test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we use generators - they should be flexible, customizable and produce desired output quickly and &quot;as expected&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the storage becomes huge, the mean of &lt;strong&gt;inventory&lt;/strong&gt; becomes important (for quite obvious reasons).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, I'm asking for valuable advice from your experience on handling the above points, and in general - how achieve success in test data repository preparation and its further &quot;keep going&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any best practices, links, concepts, approaches, success stories - from handy fast format converter to examples of test bank maintenance - are highly appreciated. Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-02-11T12:24:33.357" LastActivityDate="2013-02-13T13:10:08.077" Title="Test Data Bank creation: approach, important points, useful links, data generators, file storages?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5688" CreationDate="2013-02-08T15:59:23.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my current company, we are a small team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have designated a shared folder on the file system where we place these types of test assets. And we each maintain them on an as-needed basis. This approach works well enough for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At other companies where I have worked, I had a larger team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some of those cases, one of the roles was that of a &quot;Test Lab Manager&quot;. I usually assigned the task of collection, documenting, and publishing these sorts of test assets to this person. In those cases, it worked well for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over the years, we have used the following for storage/retrieval of these test assets:&#xA;- shared folders&#xA;- Microsoft SharePoint&#xA;- a wiki&#xA;- my blog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Test%20Data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Test%20Data&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T15:59:23.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5691" CreationDate="2013-02-08T19:42:02.960" Score="5" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;Situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Large enterprise web application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Formal test plan in HP Application Lifecycle Management (née Quality Center)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Many dynamic text strings in the web application with several variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of a dynamic text string:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;{X1} prefer {X2} when going to the {X3}?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X1: IF UserHasDog = 1 THEN &quot;Does your dog&quot; ELSE &quot;Do you&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X2: IF PlanetOfResidence = &quot;Earth&quot; AND UserHasDog = 1 THEN &quot;bones or treats&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;IF PlanetOfResidence = &quot;Mars&quot; AND UserHasDog = 1 THEN &quot;rocks or dust&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;IF PlanetOfResidence = &quot;Earth&quot; AND UserHasDog = 0 THEN &quot;ice cream or donuts&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;IF PlanetOfResidence = &quot;Mars&quot; AND UserHasDog = 0 THEN &quot;dried vegetables or reconstituted meats&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X3: IF UserHasDog = 1 THEN &quot;park&quot; ELSE &quot;supermarket&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question is&lt;/strong&gt;: is it really necessary to test for all possible combinations of the predicates (the part after the &quot;IF&quot; statement)? If so, then by this example, we'd have to take the exponential function &lt;code&gt;2^n&lt;/code&gt; where &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; is the number of unique predicates, to determine the number of test conditions. And then write out a truth table basically testing each logically-consistent interleaving of predicate truth values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a few dynamically constructed strings where we have six or more predicates, leading to a huge number of test conditions if we test all combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are basically two ways to test it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Navigate through the web app in such a way as to produce each predicate &lt;strong&gt;exactly once&lt;/strong&gt;, in isolation, without worrying about the other predicates for the other dynamic variables. If the part of the text string that said predicate purports to modify contains the correct substitution, pass the test and move on. OR....&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write out a truth table and come up with all possible combinations (those which are not logically inconsistent; sometimes the conditions can be mutually exclusive or certain truth value combinations are impossible) and test each one in succession, to make sure that the underlying code is able to handle all possible string generation scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that it is more costly to allow a mistake to get into production than to spend extra time in testing, which option makes the most sense? Should we cut it off after a certain number of predicates, because the time investment required for, say, 10 predicates (2^10 = 1024 test conditions) would be excessively high?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, one proviso: this is for manual testing, not automated. Even an automated solution would probably take unbearably long time after a certain number of predicates due to the nature of the exponential function, but I'm trying to get an idea of what is a sane approach for &lt;em&gt;manual&lt;/em&gt; testing, where the tester has to login to the app, run through a scenario to satisfy the conditions, then check the substitutions in the dynamic string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-03T18:34:29.613" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T18:34:29.613" Title="Should A Formal Test Plan For Dynamic String Testing Include All Combinations?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5690" CreationDate="2013-02-08T19:57:00.000" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;allquixotic, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How important is it that you get these string correct in all situations? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if this is a life-critical application that depends intrinsically on the correctness of your strings (the difference between &quot;Send police to the Town Hall&quot; and &quot;Send fire equipment to the Town Hall&quot; for example), then you must do a deeper dive. Consider automation, as otherwise you will likely have no chance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If instead, this is an internal application, or an application where the strings aren't critical, then you could consider a single pass through each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also do a bit of research for &quot;allpairs&quot; and &quot;pairwise testing&quot; to see if the assumptions and shortcuts embodied in this technique apply in your case or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There has been some research done which tends to show that random combinations are equally as effective as &quot;allpairs&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T19:57:00.000" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5688" CreationDate="2013-02-08T22:05:54.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test data generators are especially useful when the data format is likely to change.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a common problem I've encountered with test data: it isn't always clear which parts of the data are intentional and which are optional. For example, suppose you want to test a CSV file of names and addresses, where each record contains a first name, last name, street address, city, country, and postal code.  When you boundary-check the first name and last name fields, you may not care what the other fields contain, as long as they're valid; in other words, the first name and last name values are intentional while the others are arbitrary.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should care about this because someday someone will need to update your test data: they will need to adjust to a new format, or add some new test cases, or delete some obsolete test cases.  If the intent of each test isn't clear, they  may accidentally corrupt your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are different ways to address this.  If your file format allows for comments, you can use them.  You can also address it by generating your test data.  Your generator can contain comments or (even better) be coded so that the intentional and arbitrary values values are explicit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing I like to maintain with the test data: expected values.  Surprisingly, I have known testers who keep the expected results in their heads or expect the result to be obvious.  That can be the right thing to do if the test group is very small, but it creates a steeper learning curve for the person who replaces them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-02-08T22:05:54.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5694" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-02-09T22:37:48.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A test strategy is the set of big-picture ideas embodying the&#xA;  overarching direction or design of a test effort. It’s the significant&#xA;  values that will inspire, influence and ultimately drive your testing,&#xA;  and the overall decisions you have made about ways and means of&#xA;  delivering on those values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note that was “overall” decisions. A strategy is not a detailed plan.&#xA;  It’s the design behind the plan that you, as a skilled tester, have&#xA;  thought about and developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fiona Charles, &quot;Basics Revisited: Test Strategy&quot;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/s.asp?F=S16783_COL_2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.stickyminds.com/s.asp?F=S16783_COL_2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-02-09T22:37:48.640" LastActivityDate="2013-02-09T22:37:48.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5695" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-02-09T22:37:48.640" Score="0" Body=" A test strategy is the set of big-picture ideas embodying the overarching direction or design of a test effort." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-02-09T22:37:48.640" LastActivityDate="2013-02-09T22:37:48.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5696" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5697" CreationDate="2013-02-10T19:10:08.300" Score="4" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;What techniques have you used successfully to promote teamwork between developers and testers who are geographically dispersed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is some context.  This morning I talked with someone who works for a small (~30 developers) software company that is distributed across multiple continents.  Today the developers do all their own testing.  The company is considering building a testing team, which could possibly be in a different city/country than the developers.  My experience is that a distributed team is likely to be dysfunctional if no one takes deliberate measures to promote teamwork.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-02-18T07:19:41.560" Title="Fostering teamwork in a distributed organization" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5696" CreationDate="2013-02-10T19:59:38.563" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;For several months I was testing for a company in the US.&#xA;What helped?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Having a regular Skype call to talk to the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A social network - we use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.yammer.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Yammer&lt;/a&gt; - to help interactions that are not always work related so you can build up a picture of each other as individuals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Occasional face-to-face meetings, I had a couple of visits to the US office and putting faces to names and hanging out with people for a few days really helped&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it got easier once I had a project and was able to show the value I could bring to the team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-02-10T20:17:40.850" LastActivityDate="2013-02-10T20:17:40.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7336" CreationDate="2013-02-11T01:05:09.087" Score="2" ViewCount="3164" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for toolset recommendations to automate testing of an Oracle Forms application, with the tests (ideally) to be driven from Cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am aware of Oracle's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/oem/app-test/etest-101273.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OATS&lt;/a&gt;. Can its APIs be called directly from another Java application, so I can avoid the whole record and playback idiom, or should I be looking somewhere else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-02-13T19:05:03.177" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T02:30:57.373" Title="Oracle Forms automation using Cucumber or similar framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5696" CreationDate="2013-02-11T08:07:15.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Travel - Teams exchanging visits to sites as part of KT, Test Coordination will be very helpful to add face to names in Email Conversations. I have personally seen Onsite visits better than video conference calls. You get to work with them, go out for lunch / dinner, participate in QA Execution during onsite travel&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Apart from it, Regular Conf Calls, Sharing product Demos, Jointly executing QA releases was useful&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T08:07:15.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5730" CreationDate="2013-02-11T12:20:57.450" Score="2" ViewCount="1095" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to access a &lt;code&gt;.htaccess&lt;/code&gt; protected test url &#xA; and I get the following error  When i am trying to run the tests in IE &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Failed to navigate to http://Username:Password@www.xxxxxx.com/svn/branches/xxxxxx/public_html. This usually means that a call to the COM method IWebBrowser2::Navigate2() failed. (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The credentials are correct and the tests run fine in FF and chrome &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-02-11T18:48:11.677" LastActivityDate="2013-03-22T02:47:33.160" Title="Parse .htaccess credentials in Internet Explorer" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5701" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-02-11T12:33:10.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Data can refer to the inputs for a program, which might also include any configuration/setup data, but also the data outputs which might require further analysis to detect issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Wikipedia:&#xA;&quot;Some data may be used in a confirmatory way, typically to verify that a given set of input to a given function produces some expected result. Other data may be used in order to challenge the ability of the program to respond to unusual, extreme, exceptional, or unexpected input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ways / approaches of Test Data production:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test data may be produced in a focused or systematic way (as is typically the case in domain testing), or by using other, less-focused approaches (as is typically the case in high-volume randomized automated tests).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test data may be produced by the tester, or by a program or function that aids the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test data may be recorded for re-use, or used once and then forgotten.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Domain testing&lt;/strong&gt; is a family of test techniques that focus on the test data. This might include identifying common or critical inputs, representatives of a particular equivalence class model, values that might appear at the boundaries between one equivalence class and another, outrageous values that should be rejected by the program, combinations of inputs, or inputs that might drive the product towards a particular set of outputs.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Data&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_Data_Generation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Data Generation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-02-11T13:17:07.640" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T13:17:07.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5702" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-02-11T12:33:10.117" Score="0" Body="Test Data can refer to the inputs for a program, which might also include any configuration/setup data, but also the data outputs which might require further analysis to detect issues." OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-02-16T17:12:18.250" LastActivityDate="2013-02-16T17:12:18.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5703" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-02-11T13:49:14.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test documentation describes the artifacts created before, during, and after testing for the purpose of communicating with stakeholders to solicit feedback, to capture your intended approach to provide guidance for your team, to provide actionable information for business decision makers, and to record your findings for due diligence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirements for test documentation differ markedly between different software development methodologies. For example, contrast the &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile manifesto&lt;/a&gt;'s preference for &quot;Working software over comprehensive documentation&quot; (which for some Agile teams leads to an &lt;a href=&quot;http://specificationbyexample.com/key_ideas.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;executable specifications approach&lt;/a&gt;) with a methodology such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.prince2.com/what-is-prince2.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Prince II&lt;/a&gt; which requires the production of a number of documents. Approaches that are documentation heavy will probably require tools for managing the documentation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an IEEE standard for testing documentation, &lt;a href=&quot;http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4578383&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IEEE 829-2008&lt;/a&gt; - note that as the abstract for the 1998 version notes, &quot;A set of basic software test documents is described. This standard specifies the form and content of individual test documents. It does not specify the required set of test documents.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further advice on test documentation is available in the following article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...the thinking tester or test manager should decide what is essential to&#xA;  the building of her real product in each given circumstance. Rather&#xA;  than manufacturing acres of continuous prose in boilerplate documents&#xA;  that almost no one reads anyway, think about the minimum set of&#xA;  artifacts you need to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Capture your significant thoughts and ideas&#xA;Guide (yourself or others) in moving critical work forward&#xA;Inform your stakeholders so they have opportunities to provide feedback&#xA;Demonstrate due diligence for the record (where this is required)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/s.asp?F=S17228_COL_2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiona Charles, Tester Know Your Product, StickyMinds.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also worth considering: are you primarily interested in documenting what you &lt;em&gt;intend&lt;/em&gt; to test, or what you &lt;em&gt;did&lt;/em&gt; test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-02-11T13:49:14.933" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T13:49:14.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5704" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-02-11T13:49:14.933" Score="0" Body="Test documentation describes the artifacts created before, during, and after testing for the purpose of communicating with stakeholders to solicit feedback, to capture your intended approach to provide guidance for your team, to provide actionable information for business decision makers, and to record your findings for due diligence." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-02-11T13:49:14.933" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T13:49:14.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5690" CreationDate="2013-02-11T14:28:04.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a link to a pdf article &quot;Pairwise Testing: A Best Practice That Isn’t&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/wtst5/PairwisePNSQC2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingeducation.org/wtst5/PairwisePNSQC2004.pdf&lt;/a&gt;) by Patrick J. Schroeder and James Bach that discusses pairs testing and random testing. In essence, it promotes having multiple techniques in your toolbox when approaching this type of problem. Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T14:28:04.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5688" CreationDate="2013-02-11T14:32:50.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some tools for test data generation - online and standalone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dominicgiles.com/datagenerator.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Datagenerator&lt;/a&gt; - free tool, DB data / tables generation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.generatedata.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GenerateData.com&lt;/a&gt; - free online script-based data gen, different output formats, including CSV, Excel and SQL.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/spawner/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spawner Data Generator&lt;/a&gt; - sample/test data for databases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More links may be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webresourcesdepot.com/test-sample-data-generators/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, but the above 3 I use more often and they're currently supported and being updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4806" LastActivityDate="2013-02-11T14:32:50.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5708" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5710" CreationDate="2013-02-12T00:13:32.627" Score="6" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running a test on a new Rails app and am doing an open beta from the start. You see these companies with private betas, and I'm wondering, what is the exact point of a private beta. If you inform users, shouldn't they just be allowed to use it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4825" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T01:09:09.970" Title="Why should I have a &quot;closed beta&quot;?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2013-02-12T00:49:39.717" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of reasons for a private beta that I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may not have a full infrastructure in place to support any number of people using the service, but know you can support X users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There may be certain &quot;user profiles&quot; you are targeting, so you will open the beta to those users who you know fit the profile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You could have an NDA as part of the closed beta to keep information about your new product out of the hands of competitors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Staff may not be able to handle the amount of feedback from many users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting an invitation to a closed beta generates excitement and makes people feel special, and more likely to sign up.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there are more, those were off the top of my head.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2013-02-12T00:58:52.367" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T00:58:52.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5708" CreationDate="2013-02-12T01:09:09.970" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of reasons I can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately you want beta testers, not people who just want early access for free. Having a closed beta is one way to achieve this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You want to find new bugs with your testers. If you let everyone on the beta at once, you might get 100 people logging the same bug, if you fix that bug that say 10 people log, then open up to another 10 testers, then fix those bugs then repeat, you will get a lot more value than a big, open beta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A closed beta makes your testers feel privileged, this makes them more emotionally attached to the product.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you make providing feedback a &quot;condition of entry&quot; you will get more value than from an open beta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T01:09:09.970" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5711" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-10T17:18:30.957" Score="1" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a free issue tracker software that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;permits to attach a location to an issue (preferably by marking the location on a map),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;permits to filter issues by location (preferably by displaying all issues on a selected part of a map), and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;permits to flexibly define further fields describing an issue and filter issues by these fields?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Standard issue trackers like Redmine or Bugzilla appear not to provide support for tagging issues with geo locations. Furthermore, while &lt;a href=&quot;http://openstreetbugs.schokokeks.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;openstreetbugs&lt;/a&gt; (a tool for tracking issues with the geo data of the Openstreetmap project) is centered around the idea of marking issues on a map, it does not permit to freely define the structure of an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="aylex" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-02-12T15:50:38.223" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T15:50:38.223" Title="Issue tracker that supports geo location" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5180" CreationDate="2013-02-12T13:09:17.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking at this too. Seems there is a bit of problem in as_json in Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;firefox_binary get's re-written to firefoxBinary in the json call to webdriver grid, this means that the binary you have supplied does not register as it's assigned to the wrong key. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def as_json(opts = nil)&#xA;      hash = {}&#xA;&#xA;      @capabilities.each do |key, value|&#xA;        case key&#xA;        when :platform&#xA;          hash['platform'] = value.to_s.upcase&#xA;        when :firefox_profile&#xA;          hash['firefox_profile'] = value.as_json['zip'] if value&#xA;        when :proxy&#xA;          hash['proxy'] = value.as_json if value&#xA;        when String&#xA;          hash[key] = value&#xA;        when Symbol&#xA;          hash[camel_case(key.to_s)] = value&#xA;        else&#xA;          raise TypeError, &quot;expected String or Symbol, got #{key.inspect}:#{key.class} / #{value.inspect}&quot;&#xA;        end&#xA;      end&#xA;&#xA;      hash&#xA;    end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def as_json(opts = nil)&#xA;      hash = {}&#xA;&#xA;      @capabilities.each do |key, value|&#xA;        case key&#xA;        when :platform&#xA;          hash['platform'] = value.to_s.upcase&#xA;        when :firefox_profile&#xA;          hash['firefox_profile'] = value.as_json['zip'] if value&#xA;        when :proxy&#xA;          hash['proxy'] = value.as_json if value&#xA;        when :firefox_binary&#xA;          hash['firefox_binary'] = value&#xA;        when String&#xA;          hash[key] = value&#xA;        when Symbol&#xA;          hash[camel_case(key.to_s)] = value&#xA;        else&#xA;          raise TypeError, &quot;expected String or Symbol, got #{key.inspect}:#{key.class} / #{value.inspect}&quot;&#xA;        end&#xA;      end&#xA;&#xA;      hash&#xA;    end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4827" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T13:09:17.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5711" CreationDate="2013-02-12T15:50:08.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that Bugzilla can add whatever custom fields you feel like. Perhaps you could have it auto-populate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2013-02-12T15:50:08.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5670" CreationDate="2013-02-13T13:00:56.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A national standards body sent me a list of standards.. buried in there are references to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISO/IEC 90003 &quot;Software engineering - Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2000 to computer software&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISO/IEC TR 90005 &quot;Systems engineering - Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001 to system life cycle processes&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which, at the very least, implies that one can use good old &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/management-standards/iso_9000.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISO 9001&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4788" LastActivityDate="2013-02-13T13:00:56.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5688" CreationDate="2013-02-13T13:10:08.077" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One more online Data Generator: &lt;a href=&quot;http://tedagen.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TeDaGen&lt;/a&gt;. It supports on-the-fly generated output conversion to many different formats (XML, CSV, SQL, etc.), as well as many fields as options to generate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4793" LastActivityDate="2013-02-13T13:10:08.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1939" CreationDate="2013-02-13T17:32:47.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Device or simulator to test updates: of course device because simulator does not support some features (f.e. push notifications, camera, …)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to test, simple but important steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Install version 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Do some actions: open levels, buy something (levels, things, clothes, money, …), pass some turns if it is game or guess something)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Install a new version on the old (usually old version installs from the AppStore and the new version (as in our company and I prefer it) - from the TestFlifgt (or iTunes, as you want and as you know)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Test a new version. Note: We test update in 3 ways (!):&#xA;A) all new features should work properly&#xA;B) all actions made by user in the old build should be actual for the new build (passed levels should be passed, all turns, money, score, purchases, open levels, ... should be opened, bought, ... (as they were in the old version)&#xA;C) Test the interaction of the old and new version. Especially it refers to pushes (sometimes pushes from the old version do not come to the device with a new), sending games, presents, messages, … from the device with old version to the device with a new version and vice versa&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not forget to test a new version with a clean installation. A lot of users will install a new version when they won't have the old one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope, this little article will be useful for you. Thnx))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4837" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2013-02-15T17:25:24.797" LastActivityDate="2013-02-15T17:25:24.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5717" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-14T20:37:57.283" Score="2" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to auto create Test Cases from the Acceptance criteria defined in TFS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4730" LastActivityDate="2013-02-14T22:40:27.157" Title="Can we auto create TestCases from the PBI Acceptance Criteria?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5717" CreationDate="2013-02-14T22:40:27.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There appears to be a VS Powertool &lt;em&gt;TFS Tester Power Tool-Auto Create Test Cases from PBI Acceptance Criteria&lt;/em&gt; in beta that will allow for this to be done.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/5826c7c8-852e-4239-96bf-e2ba4ab9dab6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/5826c7c8-852e-4239-96bf-e2ba4ab9dab6&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2013-02-14T22:40:27.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5682" CreationDate="2013-02-15T00:44:05.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might take a look at this project on Codeplex for a WIP board that you could use in as a Kanban board.  It appears to be process agnostic.  It does not appear to have moved out of Beta 2 so I am not sure what the level of stability is or if it is getting any work done on it any longer.  It does integrate with TFS 2010 though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual WIP&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://visualwip.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://visualwip.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The author is Hakan Forss and at least one blog post about the project is here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hakanforss.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/first-prototype-of-team-foundation-server-2010-kanban-board/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://hakanforss.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/first-prototype-of-team-foundation-server-2010-kanban-board/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2013-02-15T00:44:05.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5720" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-15T16:03:54.127" Score="1" ViewCount="506" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am an experienced software developer and team leader. Lately, I joined a project in which I am supposed to manager the QA process. My team will be composed of Software Engineer in Test members since we would like to be able to run most of the testing tasks using a home grown test automation solution. We are developing the automation framework using C#. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have started to look out for tools that will help me collect data and understand the overall status of the project and reflect that status to my manager. I saw that another project on our company works with HP Quality Center (QC) to do the same tasks. They also develop in C#. The other team developed their own automation suite and they have written a tool to update their QC test plan status with the result they got from the automation tests using an API called OTA. Their solution seems clumsy to me since they run an entire suite of tests an update QC at the end of this suite. This way they loose the real time updates QC provides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this renders QC as an obstacle rather than a helper since we will have to maintain code that does not relate to our business. On the other hand, QC has other advantages. For example, Integration with JIRA, Managing Test Cycles, Record/Playback for tasks we will not be able to automate (UI testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My end goal is to be able to write my automation framework in C#, Be able to run my tests from as a first class citizen in the tool I am using, collect the test results my automation framework produces and gain the traceability QC suggests it provides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions:&#xA;1. From your experience would you use QC if you were in my situation? &#xA;2. If you were in my position and can point me to resources that can help me perform my task I would appreciate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4767" LastEditorUserId="4767" LastEditDate="2013-02-18T05:54:39.573" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T16:25:30.333" Title="Is QC effective for QA teams that write their own test automation solutions?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2262" CreationDate="2013-02-15T17:49:05.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Going off of both existing answers, you can create Test Configurations within QC to specify different data table values for a single test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I require testing on multiple browsers, I create two or more configurations which specify the browser for that run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test A IE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test A Chrome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test A Firefox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have multiple hosts, you can then run the test in parallel on each host.  If not, you are limited to running them consecutively on one host, which in practice would function similar to the data table iterations Motti suggested.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setting it up this way does allow for an easy transition to parallel testing should you expand the number of hosts available to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4831" LastActivityDate="2013-02-15T17:49:05.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5696" CreationDate="2013-02-18T07:19:41.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you set your daily goals (probably in a virtual stand-up call on Skype :P) and work towards achieving it then it will automatically increase the interaction between the teams. I believe in Agile practice we emphasize on co-location but that should not be a problem for geographically dispersed teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastActivityDate="2013-02-18T07:19:41.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2013-02-18T09:53:38.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have checked another one: &lt;a href=&quot;http://occygen.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OCCYGEN&lt;/a&gt; it's a project lifecycle manager focused on Quality Assurance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You manage project &gt; requirement &gt; test suites &gt; test execution &gt; Defects.&#xA;There is a Dashboard / Blueboard to get global overview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4853" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-03-23T16:25:15.797" LastActivityDate="2013-03-23T16:25:15.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5682" CreationDate="2013-02-18T12:00:11.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We used to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://tfsworkbench.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TFS Workbench&lt;/a&gt; before we upgraded to TFS 2012. Its a Windows based application but used to work well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="786" LastActivityDate="2013-02-18T12:00:11.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3878" CreationDate="2013-02-19T08:34:17.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method 1 (Using Webdriver Context Click)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// get web element&#xA;WebElement elem = By.id(selector);&#xA;&#xA;//move mouse to element, then perform right click&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(webdriver);&#xA;actions.moveToElement(elem);&#xA;actions.contextClick(elem);&#xA;actions.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method 2 (Using Java Robot to trigger right click event)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// get web element&#xA; WebElement elem = By.id(selector);&#xA;&#xA;//move mouse to element, &#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(webdriver);&#xA;actions.moveToElement(elem);&#xA;actions.perform();&#xA;&#xA;//then perform right click using ROBOT&#xA;    Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;    robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON3_MASK);&#xA;    robot.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON3_MASK);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4857" LastActivityDate="2013-02-19T08:34:17.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5727" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5728" CreationDate="2013-02-19T15:24:10.710" Score="6" ViewCount="497" Body="&lt;p&gt;Complex DB solutions are not rare nowadays, so I have an idea to deploy a SQL &quot;sandbox&quot; for staff training before real projects come. Mainly I interested in 2 things to have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oracle 11+&lt;/strong&gt; DB instance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MS SQL Server 2008&lt;/strong&gt; (or better 2012) DB instance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to deploy these using my company infrastructure, probably vCloud (we already have that up &amp;amp; running). However, while the infrastructure question should mostly be addressed to IT guys, I need to decide on the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What &lt;strong&gt;tables / structure&lt;/strong&gt; is recommended for learning purposes? That shouldn't be too complex, even for complete beginners, but at the same time DB should have enough for more advanced practice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any significant &lt;strong&gt;difference in approach&lt;/strong&gt; in training for MS SQL and Oracle? While elementary &lt;code&gt;SELECT&lt;/code&gt; statements are pretty much similar, further things are most likely not (I have enough exp with Oracle, but hardly ever played with MS SQL).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy &lt;strong&gt;redeploy / restore&lt;/strong&gt;: e.g. once a month DB should be reset to initial state. I suppose that should be done via resetting either DB snapshot OR the virtual server itself, but I'm not certain about hidden details of these.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set of &lt;strong&gt;exercises / training solutions&lt;/strong&gt; for the wide range of skills? This is definitely a hard point for me.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty much sure even small companies do invest in staff training, so your nice suggestions and best practices are very much welcome here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T00:29:34.383" Title="SQL &quot;sandbox&quot; for new QA staff training: DB structure, approach, deployment and maintenance?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5727" CreationDate="2013-02-19T17:02:42.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft has sample databases for exactly this purpose:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=23654&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=23654&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms124501%28v=sql.105%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms124501%28v=sql.105%29.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tons of samples, tutorials and training online that all use these sample databases.  It sounds like everything you want from above could be done with these and require very little work from you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-02-19T17:02:42.550" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5727" CreationDate="2013-02-19T19:14:43.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good idea.  Can you use a schema from one of your projects?  For training purposes, if the schema is too big, you can focus on a subset.  If you are comfortable reading code, it shouldn't be too hard to figure out what kind of queries your projects are actually using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-02-19T19:14:43.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5700" CreationDate="2013-02-20T02:15:38.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/834489&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;support.microsoft.com/kb/834489&lt;/a&gt; this feature is not supported in IE on security grounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-02-20T02:15:38.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3381" CreationDate="2013-02-20T10:52:17.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For QA, the best two KPIs I can think of are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The number and severity of bugs escaping into the wild&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The cleanliness of the testing itself (i.e., testing the correct things as given in the requirements for the software/module in question)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As well, estimation variance of time required to perform testing activity can be used.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just remember - KPIs are &lt;em&gt;indicators&lt;/em&gt;, not end-states. They indicate where you have strong and weak points and should be used to call your attention or as monitors against a baseline. They are not themselves a goal or a solution...but they do help you discover goals and solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4865" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-11T11:04:36.167" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T11:04:36.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2013-02-20T22:19:09.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, think about - do you really need to download an image? Or You just need to make sure that it exists and it is able to be downloaded?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cyber-fall.blogspot.ru/2013/02/selenium-20-webdriver-best-practices_20.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you may find full trusted description how to check that image is available and exists, just by following by image's URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main steps are:&#xA;&lt;li&gt;extract authorization cookies (if user session required)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use them for building new HTTP request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;send such request with image's URL to check status code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if status code is 200 - image exists&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get webDriver-like cookies just use something like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webDriver.manage().getCookieNamed(&quot;JSESSIONID&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, that it is not apache-like cookies, you can not use them strictly with apache http client. But you could build one apache-like based on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4869" LastActivityDate="2013-02-20T22:19:09.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5727" CreationDate="2013-02-21T08:24:34.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;While you need DB instance for SQL training purposes, you can look at small solution like &lt;strong&gt;SQLite&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://sqlitestudio.pl/?act=download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sqlitestudio.pl/?act=download&lt;/a&gt; . Off course it can't be compared with &lt;strong&gt;Oracle&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;MS SQL Server&lt;/strong&gt;. But it has enough functions for SQL trainings and you can easy create/restore structure from previously created SQL Script. Maybe you can use it for small tasks...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 hours of SQL lectures, db schemas and fiew Interesting exercises for the different range of skills you can find at &lt;a href=&quot;http://class2go.stanford.edu/db/Winter2013&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://class2go.stanford.edu/db/Winter2013&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About difference in approach: &#xA;There are many ways (different scripts) to get the same result from the same DB, so if you train staff good enough, it wouldn't be problem for them to work with any DB.&#xA;Off course, there are some trics, like if you want to use cirylic statement as a condition in &lt;strong&gt;MS SQL Server 2005&lt;/strong&gt; you shoud place &quot;N&quot; before (e.g. [where a=N'русский']). You know them when you expirienced, and maybe you shoud get a List of such usefull things =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4870" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T08:24:34.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5736" CreationDate="2013-02-21T16:15:11.933" Score="2" ViewCount="5021" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has the robot framework support for IExplorer or only for Firefox and Chrome? (If yes, how to configure it?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="209" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T12:15:36.160" Title="Robot Framework and Browser support" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5735" CreationDate="2013-02-21T17:18:24.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/SeleniumLibrary/SeleniumLibrary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeleniumLibrary documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible values for browser are all the values supported by Selenium and some aliases that are defined for convenience. The table below lists the aliases for most common supported browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;firefox  FireFox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ff           FireFox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ie   Internet Explorer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;internetexplorer Internet Explorer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;safari   Safari&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;googlechrome Google Chrome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;opera    Opera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T12:15:36.160" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T12:15:36.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5737" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-21T21:53:14.090" Score="24" ViewCount="23552" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Many companies have a match of their production platform available in a QA environment, with the only difference being that the QA environment connects to QA datasources (which generally contain fake data entered by QA Engineers) whereas the production environment connects to production datasources (which have real data).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently, we have had a couple of production issues due to data edge cases that were not present in the QA data. In response to these incidents, our QA team would like to regularly copy over production data to the QA datasources to try to catch more of these issues. Our development team has balked at this for a variety of reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is this commonly accepted practice in the industry? Does it have a name? Is it something we should avoid?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4872" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T13:14:16.880" LastActivityDate="2019-05-20T12:01:27.510" Title="Copying Production Data to a QA Environment" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2013-02-21T22:22:14.493" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't heard of a standardized term for this technique, but it is commonly used.  We do this pretty regularly at my current company, but avoided it almost completely when I worked at Microsoft, even though there were a number of cases where it could have greatly improved our ability to troubleshoot issues.  At Microsoft, they considered the risk of exposing private customer data too great compared to the benefit we would get from increased flexibility in our testing and troubleshooting.  If you do it, here are some things to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What data are you storing in production? Is any of it private or sensitive, or owned by a third party?  If so, you may need to have a way of fuzzing the data or simply removing or filtering out the sensitive data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much space is your production data going to consume compared to your test data set? Do you have the capacity in your test environment to handle that much data?  If not, do you have a way of breaking up the data based on date or something else?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does your data persist in multiple states?  For instance, we have log files that are parsed and processed in multiple ways and ultimately stored in various data stores (sql, hadoop, cassandra, etc).  Do you want to pull down the initial log, or the data from the data stores, or both?  What kind of process would you need for each of these?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming you pull down production data, run tests, and modify that data in your test environment, what happens when you need to pull down from production again and it overwrites the changes?  Will that break your tests?  You'll need to set up a process to handle this as you will need to refresh from production sometimes, what will the frequency be?  How disruptive would this be?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does your data depend on other data?  Sometimes we will pull certain data from production, and still not be able to reproduce the problem because the problem only occurs under certain circumstances, or with certain account or user settings which we also need to pull from Production.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T22:22:14.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2013-02-21T22:23:52.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on the type of company you are, or the products you are testing. It also goes to your testing approach. Are you basing your tests on the data available, or are you creating data required by your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, the most effective way is to get a copy of production data, and perform analysis on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;De-duplicate the data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform &quot;equivalence partitioning&quot; on the data to identify test data records that, whilst different test exactly the same thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then use that analysis to generate a base set of data that covers the production scenarios, then on top of that, add any additional data that you need for your test scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main difference between regular test data, vs production data is that testers and developers tend to use the system the way it was designed, where real users will tend to leave fields blank, miss key or insert junk data in. So it is a lot &quot;dirtier&quot; than most test data suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is easy enough to uncover if you pull it in to a spreadsheet and run a few macros on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to completely answer your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers absolutely &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; have access to analyse production data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may have data privacy issues that prevent it being used in raw form in testing environments the you should look in to requiring obfuscated and anonymised data and invest in tools to do that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If testers can't be trusted with the data, I sure as heck wouldn't trust developers with it :-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For highly sensitive data which can't be obfuscated, and raw data was required. Such as general ledger information linked to stock trades, in highly complex financial and regulatory instruments (where the dollar values and individual, sequenced entries are critical to the testing), then we would treat the test environments with the same data protection and privacy controls as any production environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-02-21T22:23:52.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2013-02-22T05:34:11.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started out as as tester with no programming skills whatsoever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started to make use of a tool called &quot;Autoit&quot; for my automation.&#xA;it is a slight deviation of VB and the user codes in SCITE. That being said, 100% opensource. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The major benefit is the community/Forum. Whenever a question is asked there, no answers are given unless the user actually pasted a piece of the code that they have struggled with, thus forcing the user to learn. It's also VERY WELL documented so the need to ask questions is kept down to a minimum if you are prepared to do some research first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have not said this before, If you can click on it or use you keyboard, the Autoit can automate it!..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I currently use it to run a series of tests on each deployment we have, If something fails, then the deployment stops and All devs are notified. (we run nightly deployments..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ill gladly supply more information and assistance if needed and deem this the best to give access to both worlds, (programming and Testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4873" LastEditorUserId="4873" LastEditDate="2013-02-22T05:49:50.733" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T05:49:50.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5644" CreationDate="2013-02-22T06:50:38.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't personally worked with HP-LR but had a friend who did and experienced the same error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In his case, It was caused by the fact that he was making use of a variable.&#xA;&quot;URL={URL}/where/he/wanted/to/test.html&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was all nice and dandy but he never specified {URL}, And this caused the error in his case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should have a more clear indication of the error in the Err-Log.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4873" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T06:50:38.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5742" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-22T10:54:19.083" Score="3" ViewCount="11744" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using robot framework. How can I test if a checkbox is selected?&#xA;I want to run a keyword if a checkbox is selected like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; ${checked} =   Checkbox Should Not Be Selected  xpath=.//*[@id='0,1,1,6']/td[11]/input&#xA;    Run Keyword if  '${checked}'  Click Element  xpath=.//*[@id='0,1,1,6']/td[11]/input  and wait&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. to click there if is not already clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The code of above is wrong, I know)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="209" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T13:33:19.987" Title="How to know if a checkbox is selected when using robot framework" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5742" CreationDate="2013-02-22T12:33:09.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.com/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium2Library documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keyword&lt;/strong&gt;: Checkbox Should Be Selected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arguments&lt;/strong&gt;: locator&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Documentation&lt;/strong&gt;: Verifies checkbox identified by locator is selected/checked.&#xA;Key attributes for checkboxes are id and name. See introduction for details about locating elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T12:15:11.810" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T12:15:11.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2013-02-22T12:43:56.060" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my company, we use a separate test environment where we copy production data daily. This environment is periodically used to detect issues like the ones you have encountered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The vast majority of our testing is carried out with synthesized, non-production data. Some of this is produced by hand, but most is produced by scripts we build. We periodically analyze the data in production to improve the way we create our test data. Still, there are occasions where copies of production data are better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not simply a matter of copying data, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We set up production jobs to copy the data to a common test environment at a pre-determined time each morning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We scrub the data to modify all personally identifiable information (PII), along with any other sensitive data. This is often called obfuscating or &quot;greeking&quot; the data. This PII is replaced with logically correct, but non-personal data. This task isn't always easy to do, but is required by our security and privacy standards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We remove any transactional data that would get in the way of our testing (some in-flight data gets copied that isn't relevant to our tests - we remove that so as to make testing simpler)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We end up with a fresh copy of production data each morning before the testers come in. Testers can use this common data in read-only mode, or they can copy it to their individual test environments, modify it as needed and use it during their testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T12:43:56.060" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2013-02-22T14:24:56.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One alternative I have seen is to have the company set up a &quot;test&quot; environment within their domain, then give specific personnel within your company access to it. That setup provides two benefits: it provides a pre-deployment test environment to evaluate new versions directly against production data in a protected environment and also provides a platform to run analysis of defects directly in a production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That solution allows a level of interaction with the customer that would not be available otherwise and benefits the seller, the buyer, and the end customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T14:24:56.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2013-02-22T15:46:19.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been shown recently a presentation of this one: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aqua. German/English, looked nice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.andagon.com/aqua/eng/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.andagon.com/aqua/eng/index.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T15:46:19.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1484" CreationDate="2013-02-22T23:03:57.697" Score="-4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like James Bach’s explanation. I also believe I am a world class tester though I have 5-6 years of experience and I love to solve the puzzles. You guys have not mentioned that if you hire a technical and puzzle solver person in your organization, how a puzzle solver survives in the organization?&#xA;I worked some good companies in MN as a contractor. Since I am a creative person and puzzle solver, I can do test design for any new technology. When I solve the puzzle, other QA team members start sharing their brain and criticizing my work. Before I solve the puzzle, everyone of my team (FT employee) was busy with other project , actually they were just pretending to see how do I work and if I can figure out something, they will continue from there. But I solved the testing design. Suddenly the project was on hold because of not sufficient budget. Rests of the Team members were so happy because they got a chance to let me go. How? Because Manager is always political position- so manager will not upset their 5-10yers full time employee. As a result, I finished my project within 5 months.&#xA;Next project, QA lead was managing the project. Again I did a test design for a new UI and once I finished writing scripts to demonstrate how to test. Other senior team member jumped and corrected something. So that I do not get the whole credit. In my team, 5 members, all are copy past tester. They wait for my action to test some different module first, once I tested and logged defect, they start jumping and got the credit. My lead knows everything. I worked here for almost 10 months&#xA;I would not mind what happens to me if they would give me just recognition. Most of place, I worked my team members and lead –they got pain in their chest to say “you did a good job in front of people”.&#xA;I hate this testing job. Now thinking of a career change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4880" LastActivityDate="2013-02-22T23:03:57.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5749" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-24T06:21:03.787" Score="3" ViewCount="12620" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using this Selenium command within the Firefox IDE, it's my first time with Selenium so I may be missing something basic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=button.k-button.km-button&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I use the 'find' option it finds the button OK. When I single step through the commands (open web page, select button) I can see the web page open but the click does not work.&#xA;(The click should go to a new page.) The script then fails because the next step is to enter some data on the other page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have set the speed to the slowest setting. I created a simple &quot;google for selenium and select page&quot; script and that worked.&#xA;Now I'm testing my target application and the very first button click doesn't work!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideas? (this is a .net web application)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;html from the page for a button:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button&#xA; class=&quot;k-button km-button&quot; &#xA; data-click=&quot;app.goToSignup&quot;  &#xA; data-role=&quot;button&quot;  &#xA; style=&quot;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);&quot; &#xA;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2418" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-05-09T11:38:43.350" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T20:41:18.733" Title="Selenium IDE newbie - click on button not working .net" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5749" CreationDate="2013-02-24T13:40:51.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you try using selenium builder, It would suggest alternatives for a particular action. Not for promo but i just found the same and blogged it. Please check it in &lt;a href=&quot;http://sqlandsiva.blogspot.in/2013/02/selenium-builder-magic-tool-for-web.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-02-24T13:40:51.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5303" CreationDate="2013-02-24T20:24:08.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't need to any more.  As of 2.30.0 The Safari Driver extension is bundled inside the Selenium jar and automatically installed into Safari when you run tests against it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It now just works :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Added more information&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To quote &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Starting with Selenium 2.30.0, the SafariDriver comes bundled with the&#xA;  Selenium server. If you wish to build the driver from source, head&#xA;  over to the SafariDriverInternals page. For now, grab a copy of the&#xA;  Selenium jar and add it to your classpath. Writing a test for Safari&#xA;  is just as straightforward as using the FirefoxDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2013-02-27T09:30:50.733" LastActivityDate="2013-02-27T09:30:50.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3165" CreationDate="2013-02-25T10:29:22.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;SoftwareTestingHelp.com now has a Free QTP / UFT training series comprised of 27 detailed videos Last Updated: &quot;February 7, 2018&quot;. This online free QTP training article series is designed for beginners as well as advanced users. Check it out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/qtp-quicktest-professional-tutorial-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;27 HP Quick Test Professional (QTP) Training Tutorials by SoftwareTestingHelp.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QTP Introduction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #1 –  Introduction to QuickTest Professional (QTP)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #2 –  Working with QTP Keyword View and Expert view&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #3 –  Adding Standard Steps From Keyword View&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #4 –  Conditional &amp;amp; Loop Statements in Keyword View&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #5 –  Moving Steps and Dealing with Breakpoints&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #6 –  Understanding QTP Record and Run Settings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #7 –  How QTP Identify Objects Uniquely? (Must Read)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #8 –  Recording Modes, Object Spy and Repositories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn VB Scripting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #9 –  VBScript Tutorials – A complete guide&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #10 – VBScript Basics to learn QTP – Tutorial 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QTP Checkpoints:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #11 –  Use of Password Encoder and Active Screen &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #12 – Expert View, Step Generator and Checkpoints&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #13 – Inserting Standard and Image Checkpoint&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #14 – Inserting Bitmap and Text Checkpoints in Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #15 – Using Text Area, Table, and Page Checkpoints&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #16 – XML, Accessibility, and Database Checkpoints&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Automation Frameworks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #17 – Automation Frameworks Part-1 (Must Read)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #18 – Test Automation Frameworks Part-2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enhance Your Tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #19 – Parameterization in QTP Part-1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #20 – Parameterization in QTP Part-2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #21 – Actions and Function Libraries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #22 – Using QTP Object Repositories &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #23 – Smart Object Identification &amp;amp; Test Result Analysis &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #24 – Virtual Objects and Recovery Scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial #25 – Descriptive Programming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Your Understanding:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP Interview Questions and Answers part 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP Interview Questions and Answers part 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4589" LastEditorUserId="1871" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T14:27:25.993" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T14:27:25.993" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-02-25T10:29:22.553" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5749" CreationDate="2013-02-25T11:01:21.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the Selenium IDE window, click the dropdown next to &lt;code&gt;Target&lt;/code&gt; field and select different options like id, name, css, xpath and DOM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try executing that, single step(OK button) by selecting xpath once, if it doesn't work, try using ID, Name or DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selector for LOGIN button is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TARGET ===&amp;gt;  //div[@id='view-default']/footer/div/div/button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4886" LastEditorUserId="4886" LastEditDate="2013-03-05T14:44:14.603" LastActivityDate="2013-03-05T14:44:14.603" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3280" CreationDate="2013-02-25T15:16:42.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the below alternate solution, if the above &quot;certificate installation&quot; process is not helpful. In my case, it was not helpful because of some client restricted settings on my machine. So i used below lines in my Webdriver code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(baseUrl&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;overridelink&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//The above line is for clicking &lt;code&gt;&quot;Continue to this website(not recommended)&quot;&lt;/code&gt; link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4886" LastActivityDate="2013-02-25T15:16:42.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5755" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-25T19:14:17.063" Score="9" ViewCount="7263" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on setting up a SpecFlow project to test a portal. Thus far I've haven't had issues writing some &quot;hello world&quot; features and steps. My question is as the testing project grows, what is the best way to have the features run against a set of browsers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some solutions I've been able to come up with or see examples of online:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The browsers can be passed in as Examples for each Scenerio (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.jsolutions.co.uk/?p=112&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;), but this seems like it would bloat the Scenerio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I looked into Tags and BeforeScenerio hooks, but that doesn't allow multiple browsers to be tested as the steps wouldn't be executed against each tag.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Setting the driver set in a static helper and depending which you want to run, the code can be commented/uncommented (&lt;a href=&quot;http://anoopjshetty.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/behaviour-driven-development-bdd-in-net-using-specflow-selenium-and-nunit/&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;). I probably wouldn't have it be commented out code, but abstract it into some Setting/Factory class. It would still be a code change though.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Following with the option above, the driver could be selected on a build variable (&lt;code&gt;#if IETESTING&lt;/code&gt;, etc), but I thought I once came across some statements claiming that these could be considered anti-patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My final thoughts would be that the feature/gherkin files should not change to test different browsers for the great majority of cases as most features shouldn't have a browser requirement (exceptions could be newer HTML5 APIs &amp;amp; their fallbacks). I believe if they were controlled by some configuration that could be applied after compiling would preferable, but I'm unclear how best to accomplish this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/pdelre/30f5b21350d844c8a326&quot;&gt;Hello World&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4891" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T10:37:57.967" Title="What is the best way to have a SpecFlow project run across multiple browsers?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5756" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5761" CreationDate="2013-02-25T23:18:38.000" Score="17" ViewCount="702" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed that when you start on a project with a beginner mind (for that particular product) you have a fresh approach and start noticing a lot of bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a while and some experience with that product you stop noticing many new bugs and start being habituated with the product and eventually noticing less and less faults. And I think this &quot;effect&quot; could affect everything from API testing, automation to making an all-encompassing test plan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best approach to stop this psychological mechanism and obtain a &quot;fresh mind&quot; approach on the product? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2904" LastEditorUserId="2904" LastEditDate="2013-02-27T20:49:26.987" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:36:29.160" Title="How to obtain &quot;fresh mind&quot; results?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;planning&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5755" CreationDate="2013-02-25T23:28:35.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears that NUnit &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=testFixture&amp;amp;r=2.5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=testFixture&amp;amp;r=2.5&lt;/a&gt; now supports parameterized test fixtures.  This may allow you to create a test that will do what you need.  This SO answer has a similar question for NUnit selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5028926/run-selenium-tests-in-multiple-browsers-one-after-another-from-c-sharp-nunit&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5028926/run-selenium-tests-in-multiple-browsers-one-after-another-from-c-sharp-nunit&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might see if you modify your SpecFlowFeature1Steps.cs and run it to see what happens.  Don't forget to reference the other browsers in the using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestFixture(typeof(FirefoxDriver))]&#xA;[TestFixture(typeof(InternetExplorerDriver))]&#xA;public class TestWithMultipleBrowsers&amp;lt;TWebDriver&amp;gt; where TWebDriver : IWebDriver, new()&#xA;{&#xA;    private IWebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    [SetUp]&#xA;    public void CreateDriver () {&#xA;        this.driver = new TWebDriver();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be sure to ask yourself though if Specflow is the appropriate place for multi browser tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-02-25T23:28:35.447" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5756" CreationDate="2013-02-25T23:59:51.373" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe an indirect answer, but one way would be to get actual fresh minds.  This is the idea behind usability testing, bug bashes, alphas, private and public betas, etc.  Another idea would be to rotate from a staffing perspective to different products/features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-02-25T23:59:51.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5756" CreationDate="2013-02-26T03:03:09.117" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try the 'tours' concept and try out different tours of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also disagree somewhat with your premise - the more you use a program the more you notice any slight changes. You also understand more how all the parts interact which in turn gives more ideas. I think at the start you may notice more but they are shallower than ones you find as you understand more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="2803" LastEditDate="2013-03-06T12:56:21.410" LastActivityDate="2013-03-06T12:56:21.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5756" CreationDate="2013-02-26T06:44:47.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also change your testing approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, 90% of time spent testing is Exploratory. this tends to get dull and repetitive. What I then started doing was changing my point of view or testing strategy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try something in the lines of BVA. (Boundary Value Analysis). Obviously certain test strategies wont work on all types of software. It won't help using BVA on a website for instance that does not make use of any currencies, dates, times, and things like that. , so do some research into testing methods. (If you Google Rex Black, You are sure to find some interesting info on testing and aspects of.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option, and one that I am fortunate to make use of, is actually viewing how the end user uses the software. All our software is built for in-house use. Simply seeing how one person uses the software vs. another opens up a world of testing possibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4873" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T06:44:47.760" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5756" CreationDate="2013-02-26T07:56:25.040" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could setup personas which are designed around real world of users. We have found this quite useful and it really helps to provide a fresh perspective e.g. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Today I'm going to be Andy, the super user of the system. Andy is very sharp with numbers and is the user that is responsible for the administration of the system. He enjoys watching sports on the weekend and long walks on the beach with his dogs. He likes to dabble in some code on the weekend as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some additional reading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.za/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=11&amp;amp;ved=0CC8QFjAAOAo&amp;amp;url=http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/redmond/groups/coet/grudin/personas/old%2520versions/pruitt-grudinold.doc&amp;amp;ei=12gsUdXDIO2S0QWF44GABw&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNGIP4q_3AGRe9zOnHaMNSONmoi15A&amp;amp;sig2=DpYz2_FZ4vu0uAHKcqLX2A&amp;amp;bvm=bv.42965579,d.d2k&amp;amp;cad=rja&quot;&gt;Personas: Theory &amp;amp; Practice - Microsoft Research&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T07:56:25.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2013-02-26T12:51:18.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've done this in many places myself, where we copied over production data because it was so very useful in troubleshooting issues that were only apparent in Customer data and it also provided additional test scenarios and data structures that we did not then need to always recreate.  It's extremely useful, and if your Development Team is balking at this you may want to find out why, perhaps they've been burned in the past, or do not see the value.  I've let Developers use test data in the past for checking issues, and in my current job we copy Production data down not just to the Test environment but to the Developer environment as well, but not as often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have scripts that seed data I need for our automation into the Production data, so we don't have Test accounts in Production.  This provides for some automation testing and just to be sure about notifications we make sure that SMTP is set to not set outside our domain, that way we don't have rogue emails going out in places that we do not, or have no need, to scrub.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pulling down production data is useful, but you definitely need a process around it to clean up data, put in your test data, and verify that it was imported correctly.  I also find it useful to learn other aspects of the Production system that you normally may not come in contact with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T12:51:18.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5756" CreationDate="2013-02-26T14:05:30.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One approach is to actively recruit team members and other stakeholders for testing of the product. I have found that it is useful to try different approaches and use whatever works best with each person, which can include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paired testing with a code developer (emphasize the thrill of having a function work on the first build :) )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asking a content developer to independently look at some new admin functions because it could affect their job. Prompt them to suggest changes that could make the function easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contact the product manager and ask her to take a quick look at a function because there might be some confusion on business rules.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contact a user that complained about a function and go through the proposed changes on the phone. Many times, users would be thrilled to have input to the change process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it goes on ... Note that the key skill is to inspire passion in the people you recruit. That approach keeps testing fresh and inspires the entire team to produce a quality product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T14:05:30.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5756" CreationDate="2013-02-26T17:30:40.117" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the simple answer is, do something else for a while.  Our jobs require a lot of repetition, and we automatically develop habits in response to repetition.  That behavior is a deeply ingrained survival technique; habits allow us to do things quickly without thinking them through.  Sometimes those habits allow us to discover new things, but other times they prevent us from questioning assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Swapping assignments is one way to break those habits.  It can also help to do something that isn't technical when you aren't working: read a novel, or get some exercise, or socialize with some people in a way that doesn't involve talking about your job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T17:30:40.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5756" CreationDate="2013-02-26T18:48:53.443" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being QA Manager with about 3 years of experience, I just give my team mates testing tasks, which are &lt;strong&gt;NOT related to software&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compose test cases for blender / vacuum cleaner / etc. - any kind of familiar device / equipment. This results in brain refreshing, and for the cost of 2-4 hours I get team &quot;reloaded&quot;))&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The same is applicable for testing such things: office IP phone, coffee machine, etc. Actually, they find some bugs - coffee machine supplier was happy to know and fix them and even once provide &quot;free coffee weeks&quot; as bonus!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Swap workers between projects for a while works the same way - routine change matters here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One may continue the list, but the idea is here. Hope that was helpful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastActivityDate="2013-02-26T18:48:53.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5522" CreationDate="2013-02-27T06:47:46.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once the application has undergone functional and environmental testing of all the modules including installer and server deploy testing.One can start with deployment testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4897" LastActivityDate="2013-02-27T06:47:46.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5767" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-02-27T07:53:04.423" Score="1" ViewCount="1932" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a project which uses Robot Framework 2.7.7, while we are using HP-QC for Bug tracking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to integrate Robot Framework with HP Quality center?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="209" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-25T19:50:50.977" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T05:48:41.733" Title="Robot Framework Integration" Tags="&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5522" CreationDate="2013-02-27T11:58:34.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever the application will be deployed using an installer, I always prefer that the installer be used for every build given to QA. I don't wait for functional completion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way, QA repeatedly uses the installer to deploy builds into their test environment. During initial builds, there is little code, so there is little to install. Later in the development cycle, more and more code is installed. When we reach the Feature Complete build, everything is expected to be installed by the installer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what works best for me. Your mileage may vary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-02-27T11:58:34.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5634" CreationDate="2013-02-27T15:18:09.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with sqeemih: The challenge of load testing Ajax calls lies, first in the sending of the requests, and also, and probably mainly, in two other areas :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Management of asynchronous requests between the browser and the web server. Ajax calls have two goals: Performing some DOM refresh upon browser decision for a smooth page rendering; and also more and more, giving the server the capacity to update — upon its decision — the content of the DOM on the browser side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this technical area, you'll find the &quot;&quot;push&quot;&quot; techniques and also the (long) &quot;&quot;pooling&quot;&quot; techniques for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Capacity to measure the time needed for a message from the server to reach the client, and the average time slot needed to reach each client. One functional goal of Ajax is to ensure that at a given instant everyone effectively sees the same information (for example, price, bid, or else).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two items raise the need in stress testing tools of Ajax-dedicated functions. Just to say that there is a commercial tool that provides real performance testing solution for Ajax (and other HTTP techniques). The tool is NeoLoad by Neotys (the company I'm working for).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to a graphical interface that can modelize asynchronous calls with forks and loops, NeoLoad has the capacity to stress test advanced Ajax architectures. You can &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neotys.com/web-stress-testing-tool.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;download&lt;/a&gt; our stress testing tool for free and try it by yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4898" LastActivityDate="2013-02-27T15:18:09.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5720" CreationDate="2013-02-28T13:34:25.497" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, here is what I think you are asking: Will QC help you track the development/test status of your software delivery and provide an effective report mechanism to your management?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First the answer: No&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for what I think is the implied question: What can I do to help report the development/test status of my software delivery?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best answer I have seen: Low Tech Testing Dashboard from James Bach: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/presentations/dashboard.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.satisfice.com/presentations/dashboard.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-02-28T13:34:25.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3189" CreationDate="2013-03-01T09:41:55.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am i correct in thinking that you have to hover over the menu to see the other elements?&#xA;If so, the XPath will never work if the elements aren't visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Actions to perform a hover over the menu item and after that, execute the xpath expression.&#xA;That should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastActivityDate="2013-03-01T09:41:55.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2130" CreationDate="2013-03-01T09:47:20.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To use Chrome in Webdriver you have to be sure you did two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chromedriver.exe is on your classpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you have to build a wrapper so the code knows where to find the binary and can start the chromedriverservice. More info can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastActivityDate="2013-03-01T09:47:20.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5774" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5775" CreationDate="2013-03-01T16:28:57.317" Score="3" ViewCount="783" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to have an independent opinion / samples of whether &lt;strong&gt;radiobutton group should have an option selected by default&lt;/strong&gt;: some colleagues tend to submit missing choice as an issue, while others say this is OK. However, I think there are several samples where NO default choice seems to be fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Please select your age:&#xA;( ) 16-20&#xA;( ) 21-25&#xA;( ) 26-30&#xA;( ) 31-40&#xA;( ) 41-50&#xA;( ) 50+&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From where I sit it looks like for that case NO default selection is fine, otherwise some users may left that option unchanged, while it may be especially important according to business logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more option is &lt;strong&gt;sorting&lt;/strong&gt;: ASC / DESC choice, while at the same time no sorting is still acceptable by application / business logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific and not to make this a discussion, please provide specific samples where default choice is obligatory, and where it is NOT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T18:31:31.783" Title="Radiobutton group with NO default option: bug / acceptable / it depends?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5774" CreationDate="2013-03-01T17:43:58.857" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are at least two (conflicting) ways to think about this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Whether you provide a default depends on the context&lt;/strong&gt;.  If you provide a default, you should be prepared for people to select it even when it's the wrong selection.  This is particularly true for user interfaces that require lots of inputs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, my company's application has an online calculator for determining how much money the government will permit them to contribute to their health savings account. The contribution amount depends on whether the employee's health insurance covers just the employee or their entire family. If the employee contributes too much, they will need to go through a tedious process to &quot;undo&quot; their excess contributions.  The online calculator asks the employee to specify what kind of health insurance they have.  The calculator used to provide a default value, and people tended to use that value without thinking about whether it was appropriate.  Eventually we decided to remove the default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, there are times when a default is appropriate.  If the default choice is the most likely or the best choice under the circumstances, you can improve usability by saving the user the trouble of selecting that value.  This is especially true if the cost of changing your mind later is low.  For example, imagine a website for viewing movie trailers.  You can view the movie in three different resolutions.  The lowest resolutions will download the fastest, which saves money for the website owner, and possibly saves money for the user, too.  The cost of switching is low, and the website owner knows that most people prefer to use the lowest resolution, so it makes sense to default to the lowest resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You need a hard-and-fast rule because consistency improves usability.&lt;/strong&gt; Consistency (always selecting a default radio button, or never selecting a default radio button) leads to fewer surprises, and an object is more usable when you know what to expect out of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-03-01T23:29:42.513" LastActivityDate="2013-03-01T23:29:42.513" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5776" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5780" CreationDate="2013-03-02T09:28:48.367" Score="1" ViewCount="638" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to run testsuite from Hudson, for that i have installed seleniumhq plugin and configured in hudson, but when i run the hudson it stuck on &quot;Checking Resource aliases&quot; step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Started by user &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;user&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&#xA;     java -jar D:\usr\local\apache-tomcat-6.0.20\seleniumlib\selenium-server.jar -htmlSuite *firefox http://172.16.12.45:8081/applicationname/ /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.20/seleniumtest/selenium-xml/TestSuite.html.bak /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.20/seleniumtest/selenium-html/TestResult.html&#xA;    [seleniumtest] $ java -jar D:\usr\local\apache-tomcat-6.0.20\seleniumlib\selenium-server.jar -htmlSuite *firefox http://172.16.12.45:8081/applicationanem/ /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.20/seleniumtest/selenium-xml/TestSuite.html.bak /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.20/seleniumtest/selenium-html/TestResult.html&#xA;    Mar 2, 2013 2:36:04 PM org.openqa.grid.selenium.GridLauncher main&#xA;    INFO: Launching a standalone server&#xA;    14:36:04.187 INFO - Java: Sun Microsystems Inc. 16.3-b01&#xA;    14:36:04.187 INFO - OS: Windows 2003 5.2 x86&#xA;    14:36:04.187 INFO - v2.30.0, with Core v2.30.0. Built from revision dc1ef9c&#xA;    14:36:04.281 INFO - RemoteWebDriver instances should connect to: http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub&#xA;    14:36:04.281 INFO - Version Jetty/5.1.x&#xA;    14:36:04.281 INFO - Started HttpContext[/selenium-server/driver,/selenium-server/driver]&#xA;    14:36:04.281 INFO - Started HttpContext[/selenium-server,/selenium-server]&#xA;    14:36:04.281 INFO - Started HttpContext[/,/]&#xA;    14:36:04.343 INFO - Started org.openqa.jetty.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler@276af2&#xA;    14:36:04.343 INFO - Started HttpContext[/wd,/wd]&#xA;    14:36:04.359 INFO - Started SocketListener on 0.0.0.0:4444&#xA;    14:36:04.359 INFO - Started org.openqa.jetty.jetty.Server@f81843&#xA;    jar:file:/D:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.20/seleniumlib/selenium-server.jar!/customProfileDirCUSTFFCHROME&#xA;    14:36:04.468 INFO - Preparing Firefox profile...&#xA;    14:36:05.531 INFO - Launching Firefox...&#xA;    14:36:06.140 INFO - Checking Resource aliases&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hudson in Windows 2003 server, Tomcat 7.0.5, Firefox 18 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="513" LastEditorUserId="513" LastEditDate="2013-03-12T11:07:13.517" LastActivityDate="2013-03-12T11:07:13.517" Title="SeleniumHQ stuct in Checking Resource aliases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;hudson&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5603" CreationDate="2013-03-03T11:19:31.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If those are the only requirements then a simple (well, not so simple but not very complex) script in Perl, Python or your favorite scripting language will achieve the same results for free with greater flexibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T11:19:31.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5774" CreationDate="2013-03-03T18:31:31.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In actuality, the usability issues only come into play in a very specific case. In most cases,  providing a default for a radio button list is actually a straightforward logic issue. Here are all of the parameters I can think of (in order of precedence):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is the user required to provide a choice? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;If no, then a default selection should never be displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;If yes, then&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;      &lt;p&gt;Is a &quot;non-choice&quot; selection provided? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;      &#xA;      &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;        &lt;p&gt;If yes, then select this option by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;        &#xA;        &lt;p&gt;If no, then is there an overriding reason for highlighting -or- requiring the user to actively answer the question? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;        &#xA;        &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;          &lt;p&gt;If yes, then do not provide a default selection. In your example, if this is an online employment application for working at a location serving alcohol, then not providing a default choice and having the question highlighted in bold, red, and asterisked with a note that the question is required would be appropriate (assuming the first selection would reject them outright).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;          &#xA;          &lt;p&gt;If no, then we finally get into usability issues where the answer becomes a choice based on context, clarity, and consistency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;        &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;      &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-03-03T18:31:31.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-04T05:14:57.573" Score="1" ViewCount="2365" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to find if a link is disabled in QTP? for textboxs and buttons it is easy, we can use GetROProperty and then give the property as disabled or ediable, etc. But in the case of links there is no such property which can show that it is disabled. How can we find out if it is disabled or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for the help in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1989" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T07:46:00.720" Title="checking if a link is disabled using QTP" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5776" CreationDate="2013-03-04T09:10:58.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Save the Test File as Test Suite not as Test case. Run the Hudson. Hopefully you will not be struck up this time !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4886" LastActivityDate="2013-03-04T09:10:58.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5749" CreationDate="2013-03-04T15:34:29.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reason people are asking for full HTML is because your button might be hidden within div or frame element, and that might be reason why you are able to find the button when you're debugging but it fails to locate when you actually run the script from start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4921" LastActivityDate="2013-03-04T15:34:29.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5779" CreationDate="2013-03-04T18:27:17.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A link (A tag) does not respect the &quot;disabled&quot; property as per the HTML spec, so if you have a &quot;disabled&quot; link then your developers have done something special to make it that way.  Generally a &quot;disabled&quot; link is either not a link at all (text with styles applied to it such as a blue color and underline) or where the default behavior is overridden via javascript like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$('#link').click(function(e){&#xA;   e.preventDefault();&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of other ways to get the effect as well.  In order to determine whether a link is disabled, you would first have to determine how your developers actually faked the behavior of the &quot;disabled&quot; property.  Based on what you find out, you may be able to determine whether the link is disabled by checking the class or other properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-03-04T18:27:17.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5749" CreationDate="2013-03-04T18:48:17.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of reasons that this could be failing.  I will list a couple of them and steps to troubleshoot, but ultimately the problem here is that the IDE with no additional user interaction is not really the intended way for Selenium to be used.  It's a nice to have to help you learn and create simple &quot;hello world&quot; style automation. To really use Selenium to its potential, you will need to have some understanding of HTML and CSS as well as be able to modify, extend or replace the selectors and generated IDE code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are multiple elements which match the element selector that you are using.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If alternative selectors are working, this is a likely reason.  Often pages will have multiple similar elements, many of which may be hidden and/or disabled that match a selector that the IDE generates.  Search the source to see if there are multiple elements that match, if so, use some alternative identifier.  XPath and CSS selector will work here since you can give a &quot;path&quot; to your element including parent and ancestor which will make it unique.  The default that the IDE comes up with may or may not include enough information to make it unique.  You may need to construct an XPATH or CSS selector by hand that will work.  For xpath, there are lots of examples online and tools to help you construct or test your xpath queries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The element you are attempting to interact with is inside of an iframe.  This requires additional code to switch to the correct frame before interacting with the element.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look up how to work with iframes using selenium IDE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-03-04T18:48:17.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5784" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-05T14:49:45.333" Score="2" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been reading different opinions about how to unittest GUI in Java and it is clear that the best approach is to design the code in a MVC model, in order to be able to test everything. Anyway I would like to ask for your opinion on a more concrete problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a GUI in Java. A button has a selection listener that executes some code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button.addSelectionListener(new SelectionAdapter() {&#xA;    public void widgetSelected(SelectionEvent event) {&#xA;        //code        &#xA;    }&#xA;})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My solution for this implementation would be as follows: I place the //code in a method of an external class that will be the &quot;controller&quot; of my model. This method has to be public if I want to call it and that will allow me to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything looks pretty easy but I have a couple of questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What if the //code is just doing something for the class (viewer) itself? In that case it makes no sense to extract this code to other class or it will indicate that my code smells. Furthermore if the method remains in the viewer it will be private so I'll have no way to test it&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What if the //code is getting access to attributes or widgets or whatever within the viewer? In such a case it would make no sense to place the code into another class just for testing reasons due to the fact that this attributes will need to be passed as parameters to this other class and that will make both classes to depend upon eachother&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If I still move the //code to the new class: should I test the behaviour of the button? In Java it is possible to simulate a click on the button. Doing that I would be able to test whether the button is really doing what it is meant to do or not. Is it worth it or should I do it with functional testing?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4925" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-03-06T07:01:18.290" LastActivityDate="2013-03-06T07:01:18.290" Title="Unittesting GUI. MVC model. When to move data to controller" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5784" CreationDate="2013-03-05T18:39:32.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What if the //code is just doing something for the class (viewer) itself? In that case it makes no sense to extract this code to other class or it will indicate that my code smells. Furthermore if the method remains in the viewer it will be private so I'll have no way to test it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, I prefer not to subclass GUI widgets (see below for my reasons).  So I would likely put the selection listener in a separate class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What if the //code is getting access to attributes or widgets or whatever within the viewer? In such a case it would make no sense to place the code into another class just for testing reasons due to the fact that this attributes will need to be passed as parameters to this other class and that will make both classes to depend upon eachother&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try not to hand GUI widgets around.  Instead, I create interfaces that represent the information or the actions, and hand those around.  Of course each concrete implementation of those interfaces might know about a GUI widget (preferably a &lt;em&gt;single&lt;/em&gt; GUI widget), but none of my other code has to know about widgets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means I can test my code in terms of those interfaces.  And each concrete implementation does &lt;em&gt;as little as possible&lt;/em&gt; in its interactions with the GUI widgets.  Their job is either to respond to a user gesture by calling a single method on a single object (via an interface), or to respond to a model or controller update by telling some widget what to display.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it isn't always that easy.  But I can generally write GUI-related code that way, and it's very testable.  I find the &quot;extra&quot; layer of adapters and delegates worth it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I still move the //code to the new class: should I test the behaviour of the button? In Java it is possible to simulate a click on the button. Doing that I would be able to test whether the button is really doing what it is meant to do or not. Is it worth it or should I do it with functional testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly I trust that the GUI framework will do its job (assuming I understand its job, which is sometimes a bad assumption).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the main reason I try not to subclass GUI widgets.  If I can trust the framework to do its job, and I haven't added any code by subclassing, there's little need to test the widgets.  Instead I test my delegates and adapters, which are isolatable and testable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, I still have to write tests to ensure that I'm wiring things up correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-03-05T18:39:32.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-06T09:57:44.310" Score="3" ViewCount="5704" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried the following three options . I am using C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.Chrome();&#xA;capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;chrome.binary&quot;, &quot;pathtogooglechrome\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;_remoteWebDriver = new ScreenShotRemoteWebDriver(new Uri(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub&quot;),&#xA;                    capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.BinaryLocation = &quot;pathtogooglechrome\chromedriver.exe&quot;;&#xA;capabilities.SetCapability(ChromeOptions.Capability, options);&#xA;_remoteWebDriver = new ScreenShotRemoteWebDriver(new Uri(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub&quot;),&#xA;                    capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;pathtogooglechrome\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;_remoteWebDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub&quot;),&#xA;                  DesiredCapabilities.Chrome());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the &lt;code&gt;SetEnviromentVariable&lt;/code&gt; if i try the following code i get path of the &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver.exe&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;string temp = System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always get the same error &lt;code&gt;System.InvalidOperationException : The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.chrome.driver system property&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;I want know what i am doing wrong here, why path is not accepted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance!&#xA;If any alternative solution is available please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4928" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-05-09T14:19:58.913" LastActivityDate="2013-05-09T14:19:58.913" Title="Unable to launch Chrome in remote webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5786" CreationDate="2013-03-06T14:34:42.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/dotnet/html/AllMembers_T_OpenQA_Selenium_Chrome_ChromeOptions.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;BinaryLocation  &#xA;Gets or sets the location of the Chrome browser's binary executable file.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the above excerpt plainly says that the &lt;code&gt;BinaryLocation&lt;/code&gt; is the path for &lt;code&gt;chrome.exe&lt;/code&gt; and not &lt;code&gt;chromedriver.exe&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;code&gt;chromedriver.exe&lt;/code&gt; path should be defined in the &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt; environment variable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your case the correct line would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options.BinaryLocation = @&quot;pathtogooglechrome\chrome.exe&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the &lt;code&gt;@&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;C#&lt;/code&gt; that will let you put un-escaped characters. Otherwise you would have needed &lt;code&gt;\\&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;\&lt;/code&gt; etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2904" LastActivityDate="2013-03-06T14:34:42.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5788" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-06T19:27:43.960" Score="1" ViewCount="943" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used Selenium for functional tetsing. Now I am looking for a tool for load testing. The application developed using Ajax/Rich Faces.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Application:&#xA;We use Cas Log in.&#xA;The application lists around 30 to 35 classes available for registration&#xA;The regsitartion opens up at certain time so around 200-300 users will log in and register.&#xA;There are limited seats so once it gets filled up regsitration will not go through and a message will be given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to test this senario..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried Jmeter but actual regsitration; inserting data does not happen. The recorded test run without errors but does not make the registration. Open Source Webload does not record https..&#xA;Selenium Grid?&#xA;Any other Open souce tool? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4932" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T04:21:53.360" Title="Load Testing Ajax application" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5788" CreationDate="2013-03-06T23:26:12.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMEter should work for you, but may not work with the basic record/playback.  The same will be true for all of the record/playback tools that I am aware of.  Any xmlhttp request (request initiated by javascript/ajax) will not be recorded and replayed.  You can use the JMeter proxy which will record all of the requests for you, or you will need to construct the request by hand (using something like fiddler or httpwatch to get the details) and replay that.  More details: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Proxy_Server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Proxy_Server&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-03-06T23:26:12.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5790" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-07T01:20:26.030" Score="1" ViewCount="737" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I check that a specific Test Case is already included in any of the existing requirements? Currently I see no other way rather than going through all the requirements and trying to locate this test manually. However I believe there is a better way to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-03-07T04:11:19.147" LastActivityDate="2013-03-07T04:11:19.147" Title="Quality Center: How to check if a test is already included in any requirement" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-03-07T07:58:50.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5790" CreationDate="2013-03-07T02:38:01.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To do that, go to Test Plan and click on the desired Test Case. Locate the &quot;Req Coverage&quot; tab at the right top side of the screen. After clicking on the tab, a list of requirements which this test covers will appear. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2013-03-07T02:38:01.927" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5798" CreationDate="2013-03-07T21:19:38.963" Score="15" ViewCount="20016" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently started working at an organization that has no automated testing in place. They are migrating to Team Foundation Server for project management and source control, and use Visual Studio for development of their web and windows projects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this, I'm seriously considering Visual Studio Coded UI Tests for automated regression. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is a relatively new product, I haven't been able to find much information on the limitations of Coded UI Tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the major limitations of the VS Coded UI Test approach? Particularly, in what ways are Visual Studio Coded UI Tests more (or less) effective than the more traditional scripted GUI automation tools like TestComplete, QTP, Selenium and so forth? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-03-08T16:20:59.423" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T18:45:44.840" Title="What are features of MS Visual Studio Coded UI Test framework that are not present in other tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5797" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-08T18:14:36.940" Score="1" ViewCount="1252" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to load test an AJAX application with cas log in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recorded and played back the script; I saw user info in log just after recording it and playing back, but as soon as I closed HNX and opened and re-ran it, user info did not get logged. I cannot see the screens. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to write regular expression? How? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to create one for SAMLart but it does not work. I guess I do know how to use that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;post data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username    rejtest%40yahoo.com   &#xA;password    test    &#xA;lt  _cAA03ADBD-A5E9-A726-3A19-93CCC52F7A71_kCE7B79E9-E548-B1E4-6059-E8867FAEA883    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;get after the post in second node:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TARGET  http%3A%2F%2Fissvmdevh.ibi.com%2FeventRegistration%2Flabs%2FlabRegistration.seam        &#xA;SAMLart AAJ4q%2BUyBkNH6gSbUUfxVtpWchDNEGh0dHBzOi8vbG9jYWxob3N0Ojg0NDM%3D    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;request:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;GET http://issvmdevh.ibi.com/eventRegistration/labs/labRegistration.seam?TARGET=http%3A%2F%2Fissvmdevh.ibi.com%2FeventRegistration%2Flabs%2FlabRegistration.seam&amp;amp;SAMLart=AAJ4q%2BUyBkNH6gSbUUfxVtpWchDNEGh0dHBzOi8vbG9jYWxob3N0Ojg0NDM%3D&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;response data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC &quot;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN&quot; &quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;title&amp;gt;Sun GlassFish Enterprise Server v2.1.1 - Error report&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;style type=&quot;text/css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!--H1 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:22px;} H2 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:16px;} H3 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:14px;} BODY {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:black;background-color:white;} B {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;} P {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;background:white;color:black;font-size:12px;}A {color : black;}HR {color : #525D76;}--&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/style&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;HTTP Status 500 - &amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Exception report&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;message&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;description&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;The server encountered an internal error () that prevented it from fulfilling this request.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;exception&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;javax.servlet.ServletException: org.jasig.cas.client.validation.TicketValidationException: org.opensaml.SAMLException: ticket 'AAJ4q+UyBkNH6gSbUUfxVtpWchDNEGh0dHBzOi8vbG9jYWxob3N0Ojg0NDM=' not recognized&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;root cause&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;org.jasig.cas.client.validation.TicketValidationException: org.opensaml.SAMLException: ticket 'AAJ4q+UyBkNH6gSbUUfxVtpWchDNEGh0dHBzOi8vbG9jYWxob3N0Ojg0NDM=' not recognized&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;root cause&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;org.opensaml.SAMLException: ticket 'AAJ4q+UyBkNH6gSbUUfxVtpWchDNEGh0dHBzOi8vbG9jYWxob3N0Ojg0NDM=' not recognized&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;note&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;The full stack traces of the exception and its root causes are available in the Sun GlassFish Enterprise Server v2.1.1 logs.&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Sun GlassFish Enterprise Server v2.1.1&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4945" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-03-12T19:59:37.900" LastActivityDate="2013-10-04T07:22:16.280" Title="JMeter test for Cas Log into AJAX application" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5794" CreationDate="2013-03-09T04:17:40.047" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start let me be completely transparent and state that I do work at Microsoft. However, in my role I nor my team uses Coded UI, but I do teach the basics of coded UI in some of my classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than comparing the features of each tool set I would recommend including other factors in your decision such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a general rule of thumb we try to &lt;strong&gt;minimize abstraction layers between test code and product code&lt;/strong&gt;. For example, my team primarily tests APIs written in C++ and our test code is in C++. We do use C# in cases where we have UI or WinRT APIs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use a language your developers are familiar with&lt;/strong&gt;. Our developers code review test code and run our tests to help debug issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration with existing tools&lt;/strong&gt;. It sounds like your team is already using TFS and Visual Studio, and using the test tools within Visual Studio enables a more seamless Continuous Integration cycle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Compatibility&lt;/strong&gt;. While Selenium would work fine for your web based projects, it is not an option for your windows projects. Coded UI (and C#) can be used to test both. It sounds like QTP can also be used to test both Web and windows projects, but is built on VBScript which has its own limitations compared to C#.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consider support&lt;/strong&gt;. Selenium seems to have really good support, as does the C# community. The Coded UI support is available, and I would be more than happy to put you in contact wtih some folks if this is the direction you decide to go and have questions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extensibility.&lt;/strong&gt; The ability to extend your tests and your test's capabilities using home built wrappers, P/Invoking Win32 APIs, or the new WinRT api's.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are certainly other long term and short term costs to consider (immediate training costs, etc). But, in a nut shell, I would recommend not just comparing the benefits and limitations of specific features in existing tool-sets. I would recommend expanding to also consider other environmental factors that will increase efficiency in your whole team and the overall business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="2628" LastEditDate="2013-12-09T18:45:44.840" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T18:45:44.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5799" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5822" CreationDate="2013-03-09T14:38:50.307" Score="5" ViewCount="14281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bullseye.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bullseye&lt;/a&gt; code coverage tool. It's great. I'm interested in knowing it's internal functioning. How does it actually work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4947" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T16:30:57.613" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T12:21:24.740" Title="How does Bullseye code coverage tool work?" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5800" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-09T16:56:49.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First formally described by Winston Royce in a 1970 paper, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.umd.edu/class/spring2003/cmsc838p/Process/waterfall.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Managing the Development of Large Software Systems&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article gives an useful rundown of pros and cons: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techrepublic.com/article/understanding-the-pros-and-cons-of-the-waterfall-model-of-software-development/6118423&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.techrepublic.com/article/understanding-the-pros-and-cons-of-the-waterfall-model-of-software-development/6118423&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T16:56:49.167" LastActivityDate="2013-03-09T16:56:49.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5801" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-09T16:56:49.167" Score="0" Body="The Waterfall model is a software development process that consists of a series of sequential phases, with each phase being completed before advancing to the next - those phases vary but are commonly: requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, installation, and maintenance." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T16:56:49.167" LastActivityDate="2013-03-09T16:56:49.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5802" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-09T16:59:51.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Further information available on the tool's website: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sahi.co.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sahi.co.in/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T16:59:51.473" LastActivityDate="2013-03-09T16:59:51.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5803" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-09T16:59:51.473" Score="0" Body="Sahi is a web automation and testing tool." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T16:59:51.473" LastActivityDate="2013-03-09T16:59:51.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5804" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-09T17:08:06.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Further reading on Page Objects available below:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here on wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Within your web app's UI there are areas that your tests interact&#xA;  with. A Page Object simply models these as objects within the test&#xA;  code. This reduces the amount of duplicated code and means that if the&#xA;  UI changes, the fix need only be applied in one place.&#xA;  Taking it back to basics, essentially there are three functions I see&#xA;  a page object pattern provides:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ability to easily instantiate pages in a consistent manner;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ability to concisely describe elements on a page, keep it DRY by avoiding repetition of element identifiers (using the underlying&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  driver’s API); and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ability to provide higher level methods that use the elements to perform user oriented functions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://watirmelon.com/2012/06/04/roll-your-own-page-objects/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;POM reference link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T05:22:31.693" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T05:22:31.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5805" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-09T17:08:06.903" Score="0" Body="Page Object is a design pattern used when creating browser automation." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-09T17:08:06.903" LastActivityDate="2013-03-09T17:08:06.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5806" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-10T11:58:55.480" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T11:58:55.480" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T11:58:55.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5807" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-10T11:58:55.480" Score="0" Body="Kanban is an Agile development process based on the Toyota Production System." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T11:58:55.480" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T11:58:55.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5808" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:06:26.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;junit.org&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JUnit is a simple framework to write repeatable tests. It is an&#xA;  instance of the xUnit architecture for unit testing frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Junit&lt;/a&gt; is a unit testing framework for the Java programming language. JUnit has been important in the development of test-driven development, and is one of a family of unit testing frameworks which is collectively known as xUnit that originated with SUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T05:36:09.620" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T05:36:09.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5809" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:06:26.903" Score="0" Body="JUnit is a unit testing framework for the Java programming language. " OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:06:26.903" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:06:26.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5810" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:15:07.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;FitNesse is a software development collaboration tool, a software testing tool, a wiki, and a webserver. It's used for specifying and running acceptance tests, and the goal is for those tests to be accessible and readable by customers, testers, and programmers to enable better discussion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start here for more info on FitNesse: &lt;a href=&quot;http://butunclebob.com/FitNesse.UserGuide.OneMinuteDescription&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://butunclebob.com/FitNesse.UserGuide.OneMinuteDescription&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:15:07.060" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:15:07.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5811" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:15:07.060" Score="0" Body="FitNesse is a software development collaboration tool, a software testing tool, a wiki, and a webserver. It's used for specifying and running acceptance tests, and the goal is for those tests to be accessible and readable by customers, testers, and programmers to enable better discussion." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:15:07.060" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:15:07.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5812" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:23:06.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firebug is a very popular Firefox plugin. It's a web development tool that allows you to &quot;edit, debug, and monitor CSS, HTML, and JavaScript live in any web page&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://getfirebug.com/whatisfirebug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://getfirebug.com/whatisfirebug&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:23:06.157" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:23:06.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5813" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:23:06.157" Score="0" Body="Firebug is a very popular Firefox plugin. It's a web development tool that allows you to &quot;edit, debug, and monitor CSS, HTML, and JavaScript live in any web page&quot;." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:23:06.157" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:23:06.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5814" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:36:59.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenkins_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkin&lt;/a&gt; is an open source automation server written in Java. The project was forked from Hudson after a dispute with Oracle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins helps to automate the non-human part of the whole software development process, with now common things like Continuous Integration, but by further empowering teams to implement the technical part of a Continuous Delivery. It is a server-based system running in a servlet container such as Apache Tomcat. It supports SCM tools including AccuRev, CVS, Subversion, Git, Mercurial, Perforce, Clearcase and RTC, and can execute Apache Ant and Apache Maven based projects as well as arbitrary shell scripts and Windows batch commands. The creator of Jenkins is Kohsuke Kawaguchi. Released under the MIT License, Jenkins is free software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Builds can be triggered by various means, for example by commit in a version control system, by scheduling via a cron-like mechanism and by requesting a specific build URL. It can also be triggered after the other builds in the queue have completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins functionality can be extended with plugins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T12:33:08.317" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T12:33:08.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5815" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:36:59.973" Score="0" Body="Jenkins is an open-source continuous integration tool written in Java. Forked from  Hudson after a dispute with Oracle." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:36:59.973" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:36:59.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5816" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:40:32.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;More information at &lt;a href=&quot;http://hudson-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://hudson-ci.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:40:32.353" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:40:32.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5817" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:40:32.353" Score="0" Body="Hudson is a continuous integration tool written in Java. Jenkins was forked from this after a dispute with Oracle, who subsequently transferred Hudson to the Eclipse Foundation." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:40:32.353" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:40:32.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5818" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:49:39.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Robot Framework uses a keyword-driven testing approach, and users can create new keywords from existing ones. The test case syntax also supports creating tests in a data-driven or behaviour-driven style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robotframework/robotframework&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/robotframework/robotframework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/robotframework/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="18750" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T15:55:55.723" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T15:55:55.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5819" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:49:39.733" Score="0" Body="Robot Framework is an open-source test automation framework for acceptance testing and ATDD (acceptance test driven development)." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:49:39.733" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:49:39.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5820" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:51:54.880" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:51:54.880" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:51:54.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5821" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-03-10T12:51:54.880" Score="0" Body="The culture of an organisation or an industry is an important part of the context a tester works in. This tag is intended for questions relating to that." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-03-10T12:51:54.880" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T12:51:54.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5799" CreationDate="2013-03-10T16:21:19.027" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a tool-agnostic question. All of them work the same way: they &lt;em&gt;instrument&lt;/em&gt; the code of your system. Each time a line or branch of your code is visited at runtime, the tool caches this information. Afterall, the number of visited lines (or branches) is divided by the total number of lines (or branches). This is done in the scope of a single class/file, package, packages subtrees and whole application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code instrumentation can be, however, tool- and language-specific. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3051563/how-do-code-coverage-tools-work&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you will find more info, links and research papers how to implement code coverage tool yourself and how instrumentation in example tools is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-03-10T19:15:28.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5599" CreationDate="2013-03-11T00:52:56.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Ruby, I believe you should be able to use green threads to avoid fork()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/html/tut_threads.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/html/tut_threads.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While technically not true parallelism, it should work fine if you are just firing off Watir-Webdriver tests. The idea is to start each thread up separately and have each thread run a test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1675" LastActivityDate="2013-03-11T00:52:56.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5794" CreationDate="2013-03-11T12:05:34.707" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well Coded UI Tests are hardly &quot;new&quot;, though they were new to me as a framework when I was starting to use them early on.  I put them in the category of &quot;record and playback&quot; but with extensibility they do add more on once you are able to get some abstraction in your tests and be able to modify the scripts to become more like a proper coded and programmed framework with repeatability and programmable functions.  If you are already using Team Foundation Server (TFS) then you get the added benefit of being able to attach test cases to specific tests, as well as some integration with fixes and if you use it the Agile Test Templates so you can link Use Cases up to tests.  Although I never used it as that, since we did not use TFS and I found the coded UI rather limited for my own uses, it does give you an environment that is integrated with what your Developers use and a tool they are familiar with if you need code or test case review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My limits with the Coded UI were that the scripts were hard to maintain with multiple changes, without a significant (for me) up front effort to get the framework up to a point where I could get my automation to a place I wanted it.  Testing against SharePoint I thought would be simpler using Visual Studio tools but this was not to be for me, I ended up going with a different process but it definitely looked like something that would be useful for someone who was familiar with the product and had far more integration to do for different pieces than I have.  What I ended up with was a combination of WebDriver in C#, utilizing many of the cross-browser add-ons as well as SpecFlow as my high level Test Driver since that allowed me the extensibility to generate many test cases in a language understandable to business owners; which was a driving need for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some ways the choice of tool also depends on what your audience is, and since you seem to have a lot of Visual Studio integration already it may be a plus for you to follow this and be able to give your Developers insight into the tests with a tool they are familiar with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-03-11T12:05:34.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5755" CreationDate="2013-03-11T12:14:59.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I struggled with this and what I ended up doing at the moment was generating different tests for different browsers, as much as I wanted repeatability I did not see this as doable within the current framework and browser functionality.  The largest problem you will find with cross-browser support is going to be where you have to deal with buttons, click and keys.enter do not work consistently across IE, Chrome or Firefox.  Finding page elements will also be different as CSS is handled differently across the browsers as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked occasionally for an option you have noted but I personally find that the exceptions I would need to make for functionality as well as browser types would make my test code too bloated so I use SpecFlow to limit my steps and break off to different sections for the browser specific handling when necessary.  To me that manages the duplication I need to do and still gets me effective testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-03-11T12:14:59.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1118" CreationDate="2013-03-11T15:52:18.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my perspective, dynamic scaling has to be tested in advance to ensure that everything is good.  The infrastructure's support cloud provider has to be used to get apple-to-apple comparison.  If you test environment is not same as production, the integrity of data poses serious questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4953" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-03-11T16:09:59.267" LastActivityDate="2013-03-11T16:09:59.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5794" CreationDate="2013-03-11T17:34:02.277" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used Coded UI Tests, but used Selenium Webdriver much more extensively.  In my answer I will completely ignore the record and playback capabilities of both because I would not advocate using either except to familiarize yourself with the tool.  In addition, I won't comment on features that one has vs the other because they are very nearly identical.  Anything you can do with one tool you can do in some way or another with the other tool with very nearly the same amount of effort.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use Selenium because it is free, and because until recently Coded UI Tests only supported IE by default.  Recently they added support out of the box for Chrome and Firefox, which makes me want to re-evaluate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I will focus my answer on is the ease of use of the APIs.  I actually prefer the Coded UI API over Selenium WebDriver's API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some reasons why I prefer the Coded UI API:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elements are strongly typed i.e. a Link is an HtmlHyperLink object.  In selenium, everything is an IWebElement which means that every element has the same properties and methods regardless of whether they are actually useful, or even available.  Strongly typed elements make the intellisense much more useful because you KNOW if a method or property is exposed that you can actually use it without a runtime &quot;not supported&quot; error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I prefer HtmlHyperLink myLink = new HtmlHyperLink(...) syntax over IWebElement myLink = webdriver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(...))  This is my preference, it seems more intuitive to me and follows standard object oriented coding practices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I really like having the GetChildren, GetParent, GetDesendants methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are probably a few more, but that's generally it.  If you're looking for an answer to &quot;What is Coded UI Tests missing that will make my life painful?&quot;, I would say it's not really missing anything, all of the standard stuff is there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing to point out is that I built an abstraction layer on top of Selenium and made the API very similar to Coded UI's API, so it is possible to have all of this and still use selenium, just more up front work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-03-11T17:34:02.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5830" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-11T20:23:03.853" Score="1" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can you mark some tests to run  only those? From all the test that you have in different folder to mark some as sanity and only run those?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4954" LastEditorUserId="72" LastEditDate="2013-03-14T05:19:00.090" LastActivityDate="2013-03-14T05:19:00.090" Title="c# with Watin and SpecFlow - how to mark some test" Tags="&lt;specflow&gt;&lt;watin&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5830" CreationDate="2013-03-11T20:33:10.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using SpecFlow look at the Tags &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/techtalk/SpecFlow/wiki/Using-Gherkin-Language-in-SpecFlow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tags description&lt;/a&gt; where placing a specific tag before your Scenario allows you to run the specific ones you want.  I use @test or @dev for specific User/Functional Tests and when using my NUnit Driver I put in the tag with the /include option.  This links in to the SpecFlow feature files such that the following case will check that I can get to the Home Page when I use the @test tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@test &#xA;Scenario: Access the Home Page with Internet Explorer&#xA;    Given I have started Internet Explorer&#xA;    When I go to Web Site&#xA;    Then I should see the home page&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are very powerful and very useful in structuring your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-03-11T20:33:10.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5833" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-13T01:36:46.867" Score="3" ViewCount="22543" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running selenium tests with firefox and chrome drivers. I get a connection refused error when I run the tests in as a block&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test  example :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require 'minitest_helper'&#xA;&#xA;headless = Headless.new&#xA;headless.start&#xA;browser = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome&#xA;&#xA;describe &quot;Test Example&quot; do&#xA;&#xA;  after :all do&#xA;    headless.destroy&#xA;  end&#xA;  it &quot;test&quot; do&#xA;    browser.navigate.to &quot;http://google.com&quot;&#xA;  end&#xA;end &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;stack trace:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1) Error:&#xA;Example test#test_0001_test:&#xA;Errno::ECONNREFUSED: Connection refused - connect(2)&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/net/http.rb:762:in `initialize'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/net/http.rb:762:in `open'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/net/http.rb:762:in `block in connect'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/timeout.rb:54:in `timeout'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/timeout.rb:99:in `timeout'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/net/http.rb:762:in `connect'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/net/http.rb:755:in `do_start'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/net/http.rb:744:in `start'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/net/http.rb:1284:in `request'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@cam_integration/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.31.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/default.rb:83:in `response_for'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@cam_integration/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.31.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/default.rb:39:in `request'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@cam_integration/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.31.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/common.rb:40:in `call'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@cam_integration/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.31.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/bridge.rb:616:in `raw_execute'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@cam_integration/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.31.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/bridge.rb:594:in `execute'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@cam_integration/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.31.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/bridge.rb:100:in `get'&#xA;    /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@cam_integration/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.31.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/navigation.rb:14:in `to'&#xA;    test/integration/signup_test.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in &amp;lt;main&amp;gt;'&#xA;&#xA;1 tests, 0 assertions, 0 failures, 1 errors, 0 skips&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4958" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-03-13T14:32:13.243" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T02:54:36.267" Title="Connection refused error when running selenium with chrome and firefox drivers" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5834" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-13T09:16:01.090" Score="3" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the shortcut key to move the cursor from Expected to Actual during test execution in test lab?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4962" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-03-14T19:28:19.180" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T20:27:56.877" Title="Shortcut key to move the cursor from Expected to Actual in QC" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5835" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5845" CreationDate="2013-03-14T07:34:05.570" Score="4" ViewCount="223" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm building a database with one other guy.  He's not a developer by training, but he built version 1, and he's contracted me to help out with version 2.  We're the only developers on the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My boss's partner is a firm in a niche industry that doesn't have any pre-built database solutions.  They commissioned version 1, and now they want a professional product that they can on-sell to the rest of their industry, so it needs a decent testing period before it can be marketed and sold.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a student programmer, I've never done the testing and release process before, and now I'm in the position of being, effectively, the QA manager.  I do have some experience in beta participation and writing bug reports as an end user, but that's where my specific experience ends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I only have a small group of sales staff, tradesmen and managers at the firm who will be testing our database.  I'll have to not only learn how to run a beta, but also how to prime &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt; on how to test well.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I'm looking for resources that provide a good starting point to understand this process.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4966" LastEditorUserId="4966" LastEditDate="2013-03-18T01:09:25.533" LastActivityDate="2013-03-22T03:14:41.903" Title="Running Testing with Non-Technical Team, Little Testing Experience Myself - Where to Start?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5834" CreationDate="2013-03-14T12:12:56.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;IF the cursor is in Expected, a simple tab will move th cursor to Actual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And shift-tab to move back to Expected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2952" LastActivityDate="2013-03-14T12:12:56.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5837" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-14T13:07:10.563" Score="2" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say I want to compare the performance of Java's &lt;code&gt;StringBuilder.toString()&lt;/code&gt; with new &lt;code&gt;String(char[])&lt;/code&gt; for strings from one to 3000 characters in length. I do know beforehand how long the resulting string will be. How many times should I try each length, and how can I collect the results into usable information? I'm mostly interested in execution time, but if there are any memory usage quirks I'd like to know about them also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="59" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-18T08:50:00.033" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T22:51:28.387" Title="How do I compare the performance of two .toString() methods?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5837" CreationDate="2013-03-14T15:39:46.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You didn't say how much precision you need -- do you just want to know &lt;em&gt;which is faster&lt;/em&gt;, or do you want to know &lt;em&gt;how much faster&lt;/em&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some factors that interfere with benchmarks like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clock granularity.  I assume you will use something (System.currentTimeMillis, System.nanotime(), or a stop watch or whatever) to measure the time interval.  The more coarse the granularity, the more samples you need to take.  If this were the only confounder in your measurements (it isn't), you could derive a sample size from the granularity and the amount of precision you need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JVM behavior.  The Hotspot compiler will convert code paths between bytecodes and machine code depending on how frequently they're used.  The optimizer has to observe things for a while before it converts code.  If your benchmark ends too soon, you will miss out on the optimization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other activity on the machine.  There are other things running on the computer besides your benchmark.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, I suggest figuring it out empirically.  Write the benchmark with a sample size of N and write down the results.  Repeat with larger multiples of N, e.g. 1000, 10000, 1000000, etc., until the results converge to as much precision as you  need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="5033" LastEditDate="2013-03-26T21:33:55.833" LastActivityDate="2013-03-26T21:33:55.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5797" CreationDate="2013-03-15T08:47:36.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you added an HTTP Cookie Manager?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without one of these JMeter will not store any cookie information after you have logged in so your next request will not be as an authenticated user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To add an HTTP Cookie Manager:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Right click on Test Plan&#xA;Select Add -&amp;gt; Config Element -&amp;gt; HTTP Coookie Manager&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That all being said an HTTP 500 error implies something has gone wrong on the server side, it is quite possible you have just managed to overload it :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2013-03-15T08:47:36.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-17T11:45:24.547" Score="2" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been looking into software testing since we want to test and compare several tools (tools = software programs) made for the same goal, eg. all html editors.&#xA;Although the tools we have now are open source, we are not interested in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that made me look at black-box/functional testing, but that's described as using the programs specification to create your test cases. What we wanted to do though is to use a more general test case for all the tools. That test case would fit the general specification of the domain these tools are build for, but not explicitly for any one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would that still be called black-box/functional testing or is there a different approach used for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And are there other recommendations for this type of 'test and compare' situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: after further reading, I think what I am looking for are System or Acceptance Testing techniques. But still, any other recommendation or correction is welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4980" LastEditorUserId="4980" LastEditDate="2013-03-17T12:56:12.603" LastActivityDate="2013-03-17T15:35:28.957" Title="How to test different tools to be able to compare them?" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5841" CreationDate="2013-03-17T15:35:28.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with most other tests, let your Requirements drive your testing, without being tool-specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have Requirements for what your tool-under-test must do? If so use that. Don't let the specifics of how the tool fulfills the Requirement become part of your test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if your tool must be able to open an existing HTML file, then don't include the keystrokes used within your test case. Just refer to the fact that you Open the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-03-17T15:35:28.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5843" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5844" CreationDate="2013-03-18T11:32:12.867" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an issue with a delete item link in my webpage. It is supposed to do nothing (after&lt;br&gt;&#xA;some conditions become true) but I noticed that the chrome debugger is generating internal &#xA;server errors each time i click the link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I inform the developer with that issue? Is it even an issue at all?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 500 (Internal Server Error) &quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3208" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-03-18T18:32:21.297" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T15:23:19.773" Title="clicking a link that loads the chrome debugger with errors" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5843" CreationDate="2013-03-18T12:14:00.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. If your server responds with a 500 error, you should notify your developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#5xx_Server_Error&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#5xx_Server_Error&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-03-18T12:14:00.410" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5835" CreationDate="2013-03-18T12:18:34.883" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's true that you &quot;need to do some fairly thorough testing before we can sell this as a professional product.&quot;, have you considered hiring an experienced contractor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could hire someone to come in and do the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you could hire someone to come in and do just enough training that your group of non-professional testers could get some testing done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are your developers capable of lending a hand in the testing effort? Certainly, they must know something about the &quot;requirements&quot; as they are writing the code. Perhaps they can help testing, or coaching others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from that, the best you can do is probably to write up the usage scenarios that you want people to explore, give them some sense of what would constitute a bug and what to do if they find one, then hope for the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do these sales folks, tradesmen, and managers understand the domain and the ideas behind the product enough to be able to distinguish &quot;goodness&quot; from &quot;badness&quot;? If so, perhaps you have a chance to spot at least a few surface-level bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-03-18T12:24:46.823" LastActivityDate="2013-03-18T12:24:46.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5633" CreationDate="2013-03-19T16:59:45.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Travis,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm coming into this a bit late, but here's some thoughts for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the total run-time of all your tests? For instance, if you can schedule your suites to run in sequence overnight and have all your results waiting for you the next morning, you may only need one system to manage testing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What levels of IO do your tests require? Tests with a lot of database or other external file reads are much heavier on IO than something that simply runs through a series of actions and assertions, although any automated test will have higher IO requirements than normal running due to the need to read in the test as well as the IO of the application in test.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What control do you have over your testing network? If you're able to add systems (physical or virtual) to a testing subdomain without needing to work with your employer's IT department, you have a lot more flexibility to store, spin up and rename virtual systems at need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In any architecture, there will be choke points. The biggest one in virtualization is the server's IO capacity, at least when hosting automation VMs. I've seen high capacity servers overwhelmed by IO requirements because there wasn't enough disk IO throughput available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully that will help clarify your thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-03-19T16:59:45.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2696" CreationDate="2013-03-20T09:08:26.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Example...Login button is available on login screen...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Click on Login&#xA;&#xA;WebElement click = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='btnLogOn']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;click.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4998" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-03-20T15:18:59.697" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T15:18:59.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5389" CreationDate="2013-03-20T09:15:40.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ll suggest Jmeter for Performance...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the name indicates Jmeter is one of the Java tools which is used to load testing client/server applications. Earlier it was used for testing Web Applications only however now-a-days its being used for other test functions. It is typically used to measure performance and to load test functional behavior of client-server applications. It can also handle FTP and JDBC requests. You must be aware of such other tools like WinRunner. You will be glad to know that as compared to WinRunner, Jmeter is easy to use due to its simple and intuitive GUI. Moreover its absolutely free and can be modified at ease as its an open source. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important functionalities of Jmeter is that a heavy load on a server can be stimulated by using it, not on a server but also a heavy load on a network or object to test its strength under different load types. A graphical analysis of performance can also be done by using Jmeter or the behaviour of your server/script/object can also be tested under heavy concurrent load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4998" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T09:15:40.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5843" CreationDate="2013-03-20T09:30:05.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes this is the generic error given when 'something' goes wrong in a server. You have to report this error to your development team. They should have the appropriate logging to deal with the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4998" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-03-20T15:23:19.773" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T15:23:19.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5389" CreationDate="2013-03-20T10:47:07.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried my hand with Gatling, and I would rate it way way over Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Biggest advantage is you get to write some code for a load test-&#xA;introduces type safely, re-usability and maintainability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Scala is not hard to learn for a java developers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can generate higher load without actually choking your own machine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Performance of Jmeter itself decreases with higher load. This will generate incorrect results for load tests. Gatling is fairly new, but awesome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer to it from it's website. I totally recommend it and I've also made a point and convinced my management to use it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling-tool.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gatling-tool.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4548" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2014-04-16T15:41:54.300" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T15:41:54.300" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-03-20T10:47:07.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5851" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-20T16:01:44.913" Score="2" ViewCount="2628" Body="&lt;p&gt;In HP Quality center 9.2, when start running the test set&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In test lab module, Selecting the test case of test set  and click on Run-&gt;Manually Run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then the 'Manual run:&quot; Popup window is coming but immediately minimizing and not able to open to execute the each steps of test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me if you know the solution for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5003" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T09:35:31.277" Title="In HP Quality center 9.2, Manual run Popup window is coming but immediately minimizing and not able to open to execute the each steps of test case" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5852" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-20T16:40:12.960" Score="4" ViewCount="810" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got Jenkins set up to build my application test target and execute tests in the iOS simulator like &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5403991/xcode-4-run-tests-from-the-command-line-xcodebuild/10823483#10823483&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; says. When I execute the build in Jenkins, the iOS simulator launches and runs all of my tests, but I only get output in the test log for the first test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I run xcodebuild from the command line it also runs all of my tests, but I do get output for all of the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have any idea what could be going wrong in Jenkins or suggestions for further troubleshooting? Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5004" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-03-20T16:40:12.960" Title="Jenkins stops getting my unit test output from xcodebuild" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-04-22T13:08:46.600" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5853" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-20T19:46:04.447" Score="3" ViewCount="118" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find a tool to measure vulnerability into my application ( each entry point and exit point into my application ) and then apply it to Manadhata's metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found Microsoft surface attack analyzer but I am not sure if it do that for me ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so , my question is there is a tool to analyze attack surface metrics?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5005" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T10:42:36.740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T10:42:36.740" Title="Attack surface metrics analyzer tool" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-01-01T15:10:53.687" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3878" CreationDate="2013-03-21T17:23:21.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;More detail on my comment above.  I do use the ContextClick but because of the new window I have to up popupHandle to deal with the results of the right click:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Get the existing handles&#xA;IList&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; existingHandles = this.driver.WindowHandles;&#xA;// This is an internal class that uses Context Click to perform the Right Click&#xA;Actions clicker = new Actions(driver);&#xA;clicker.ContextClick(testUserAccount).Perform();&#xA;// Now select the item in the Menu that displays all info for the User&#xA;IWebElement showUserInfo = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;menu_ID&quot;));&#xA;// The rest of this would be for the right click options&#xA;showUserInfo.Click();&#xA;// Check for the launched window and save the new handle&#xA;string popupHandle = myConfig.findNewHandle(existingHandles, driver);&#xA;// Once the Window opens set focus on the order Window&#xA;driver.SwitchTo().Window(popupHandle);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where findNewHandle is a separate function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public string findNewHandle(IList&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; existingHandles, IWebDriver driver)&#xA;{&#xA;    var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));&#xA;&#xA;    // Check for the launched window and save the new handle&#xA;    string f = wait.Until&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;((d) =&amp;gt;&#xA;    {&#xA;        d = driver;&#xA;        string foundHandle = null;&#xA;        IList&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; differentHandles = getDifference(existingHandles, d.WindowHandles);&#xA;        if (differentHandles.Count &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;        {&#xA;            foundHandle = differentHandles[0];&#xA;        }&#xA;        return foundHandle;&#xA;    });&#xA;    return f;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, I couldn't do anything with the right click context until I was able to find and make active the window the right click brought up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-03-21T17:23:21.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5859" CreationDate="2013-03-21T20:01:25.020" Score="2" ViewCount="3572" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to develop a tool to automate functional testing of WCF web services. I have researched a lot on previous projects and developments to start but I did not find any valid resource to start. I have used Soap UI tool open source but it does not allow to test using form as it is available in pro version. I am using .NET framework and C# language to develop this tool so that if we enter the WSDL URL we can able to test the service and save the case for regression testing later. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5008" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-03-31T19:24:10.363" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T04:31:46.110" Title="Automate functional testing for WCF services" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5835" CreationDate="2013-03-22T03:14:41.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where to start:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask for advice (online is OK, but communication with your team is most important)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clarify your role with your employer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meet with stakeholders and get general principles of what they expect. Write stuff down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explore the application and typical user scenarios, to gain some familiarity with the concepts &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design some test cases, grouped by feature sets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test that all the application features are working under &quot;normal&quot; usage scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test that application handles &quot;abnormal&quot; scenarios, ie. incorrect inputs from malicious or inexperienced user &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imagine the broader context of the application, the source of data input, and the way that output might be used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn more about testing buzzwords... boundary values, equivalence partitions, performance, security, PCI compliance, browser compatibility, accessibility, system integration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn to think like a tester... &lt;a href=&quot;http://testology.wordpress.com/2010/08/28/key-testing-skills/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testology.wordpress.com/2010/08/28/key-testing-skills/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4996" LastActivityDate="2013-03-22T03:14:41.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5857" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5858" CreationDate="2013-03-22T14:10:12.973" Score="6" ViewCount="1492" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a defined list of web application quality metrics?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a list of metrics like performance, reliability, usability, ... with a reliable source (w3c, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to describe how a certain technology would improve nearly all aspects of web applications. For this, I need the list of aspects from a reliable and quotable source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All I could find was the Web Quality Model (&lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.de/books?id=ctCQlhwJ9IUC&amp;amp;lpg=PA147&amp;amp;ots=B3NCoMIY3f&amp;amp;lr&amp;amp;hl=de&amp;amp;pg=PA149#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Books&lt;/a&gt;) and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC_9126&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISO/IEC 9126&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I missing a relevant source? Or is the ISO the definitive guide?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5014" LastActivityDate="2013-04-06T04:34:27.147" Title="Web Application Quality Metrics" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5857" CreationDate="2013-03-22T16:51:34.653" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no definitive guide without narrowing the context dramatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you are searching for has no universally-accepted set of metrics. If you search for web quality metrics, you'll find millions of hits full of personal opinions, or what matters most to selected individuals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are trying to promote your technology, the right thing would be to search to see what &quot;aspects of web applications&quot; matter to most people, and stress how your solution helps them. You get to pick the metrics you happen to like (or happen to be best at) and cite them as &quot;important&quot;. That's what all vendors do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-03-22T16:51:34.653" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5855" CreationDate="2013-03-22T17:10:22.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When in a pinch, I've done some testing with Microsoft's &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb552364.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WcfTestClient&lt;/a&gt;.  It will build out a barebones gui for you based on the service meta-data.  Another option that I've seen recommended often, but never tried myself, is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wcfstorm.com/wcf/default.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wcfstorm&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sam is right though, depending on how complex the requests are, good options can be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/284285&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WFetch&lt;/a&gt;, and the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, if you want to be able to save the test case for later, maybe modify it etc, you'd probably be best off to roll together an automated test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-03-22T17:10:22.520" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2013-03-23T14:18:31.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.occygen.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OCCYGEN&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clear process: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create or import from a spreadsheet the requirements &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design test cases based on business requirement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manage the test execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Track the bug or exchange with other bug tracker as Bugzilla &amp;amp; Mantis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Export the test result in : Excel, MS word, PDF, CSV or XML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5018" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-04-03T11:57:03.920" LastActivityDate="2013-04-03T11:57:03.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5861" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6418" CreationDate="2013-03-26T10:07:16.203" Score="4" ViewCount="327" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an iPad application which sends some data to our web application. With this data, you should be able to do different kind of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have cucumber tests for the web application (Using cucumber, capybara and selenium) and few others for the ipad application (Using Frank).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure how to approach testing both things at the same time. The ideal thing would be to put them both together as a cucumber test, but it doesn't seem trivial to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, simulating the data sent from iPad would be easier, but not as reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you test applications that mix both web and ios application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5028" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T12:49:28.973" Title="Acceptance testing between iOs and web app with cucumber" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5861" CreationDate="2013-03-26T12:03:55.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the kind of scenario where I'd use a mix of automated and manual testing - manual testing using the iPad, because one thing GUI automation always does is simulate the human inputs. I've found that simulation often has crucial differences from actual input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation, the crucial question here is where the data sent from the ios app is stored. If you're using a database - or any other kind of external data store - &lt;strong&gt;you don't need to do unified testing if these circumstances apply:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're starting your web and ios tests with a known database state,&#xA;and;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're checking the data in your database after the test (or tests) are complete. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With database validation as part of your tests, you know that the Frank tests have successfully sent data, and you can then use a database with that data as the baseline for your web application tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the method I use to deal with testing across multiple applications regardless of what they're running on or what automation framework I'm using. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your applications don't use a database or external data store but rely on live communication things get much more complex - I wouldn't try to offer suggestions on that without more information about how your application architecture is configured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-03-26T12:03:55.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3976" CreationDate="2013-03-26T13:05:27.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;try this method its working fine  for me.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();   capabilities.setBrowserName(&quot;opera&quot;);               capabilities.setCapability(&quot;opera.autostart &quot;,true);&#xA;&#xA;driver = new RemoteWebDriver(server, capabilities);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5030" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-03-26T19:49:50.977" LastActivityDate="2013-03-26T19:49:50.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5577" CreationDate="2013-03-28T14:18:06.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Access Log Sampler, it allows to read URL's which are stored in text file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you need to do, is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Grab URL's which you need from site. This can be made with different tools. For Windows I've used Xenu's Link Sleuth, but there are a number of alternatives both for Mac and Linux.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create new test plan in Jmeter and add Access Log Sampler to Thread Group;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up text file with URL's from  item 1 as Log file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Access Log Sampler will take URL's one after another from log file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More details in guide from our  &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65141-how-to-use-access-log-sampler-to-generate-traffic-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jmeter library&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I'm working for Blazemeter as developer of plugin for Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2744" LastEditorUserId="2744" LastEditDate="2013-03-29T11:10:34.230" LastActivityDate="2013-03-29T11:10:34.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-28T19:31:35.117" Score="5" ViewCount="2582" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you know if there's a way to download the contents of test resources (files) using RESTful API?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see the contents of the resources: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://&amp;lt;...&amp;gt;/qcbin/rest/domains/.../projects/.../resources/...:&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;Field Name=&quot;storage-path&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Value&amp;gt;FileMenu.xml&amp;lt;/Value&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/Field&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But resources/.../attachments shows exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QC Bug? Feature?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3107" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T03:48:27.160" Title="Downloading resource from HP Quality Center REST API" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5577" CreationDate="2013-03-29T18:52:08.483" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll assume you're just using JMeter as a type of Web Crawler with a fixed set of pages to consume, and you're only measuring response times and http status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a thread group of 100 users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Place a CSV Data Set Config under the thread group&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The CSV contains one URL per line&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The CSV loads into a parameter named &quot;URL&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A HTTP Sampler is used where the hostname is set to ${URL}&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specify any assertions you need, eg &quot;200&quot; http response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run it and see how it goes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heres some pictures of the setup in JMeter using the default samplers and config elements;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create the threadgroup:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create the CSV Reader&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fDDqN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create the HTTP Sampler&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7yYBQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have an assertion checking you get a decent response&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fXekx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Optionally record the responses for review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;The CSV File i'm using looks like:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/&#xA;/&#xA;/robots.txt&#xA;/imghp?hl=en&amp;amp;tab=wi&#xA;/imghp?hl=en&amp;amp;tab=wi&#xA;/intl/en/options/&#xA;/intl/en/about/products/&#xA;/intl/en/about/products/&#xA;/history/optout?hl=en&#xA;com/history/optout?hl=en&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastEditorUserId="11978" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T11:52:17.123" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T11:52:17.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5870" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-03-31T20:48:43.697" Score="1" ViewCount="1244" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing TestNG code for the below scenario and do not know how to share browser session between two methods: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. Creating a data driven testNG suite to login using 10 different usernames&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I need to write two methods and both methods should share the same browser session. Any idea how to share browser session between two test methods using TestNG?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2013-04-01T06:35:35.140" Title="TestNG - how to share same browser session between two methods?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5870" CreationDate="2013-04-01T06:35:35.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't quite get why you would like to share browser session.&#xA;UI test methods should be run in the own independent browser.&#xA;In case you insist, you could use @BeforeClass of TestNG and have driver set up done in @BeforeClass method. Now both of your methods should be either in this class or class with extends the set up class. Confused? This might help - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestCase {&#xA;&#xA;  @BeforeClass&#xA;  public void setup() {&#xA;    // Set up driver here&#xA;&#xA;  @BeforeClass&#xA;  public void tearDown() {&#xA;    // kill driver here&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you test class here - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MyHorribleClassWhichUsesSameBrowserForMultipleTests extends TestCase{&#xA;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;  public void method1() {&#xA;    // test code here&#xA;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;  public void method2() {&#xA;    // test code here&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here both test methods would be using same browser one after another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2013-04-01T06:35:35.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5875" CreationDate="2013-04-01T10:16:09.643" Score="2" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been writing RESTful service tests using Jersey client. Though the tests are functional, it occurerd to me that I can execute same tests from JMeter and for performance (With some tweak of course like logging to capture desired time response only b/w certain operations). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not this approach then I would be writing RESTful service tests in JMeter using http sampler, with duplicating almost all the operations which I have covered in my functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage I see here is the ability to have one set of test for both functional and performance testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am curious to know if any other group tried this and has some recommendation on do's and don'ts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2013-04-01T16:16:43.883" Title="Is it worth having one set of tests for both functional and performance testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5872" CreationDate="2013-04-01T12:08:56.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried it and at times gotten some use out of it, the problem I have found when doing this is that often the scenarios I want to use for Functional Tests don't exploit enough of the system to really give me any meaningful performance metrics.  My functional tool also doesn't allow this as it was chosen for its purpose, while my load test tool was chosen for its purpose; if yours can handle both then great!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I write Functional Tests I am just trying to exercise one aspect of the system repeatedly to make sure it passes the requirements, which is fine, and sometimes I get creative and work in some additional tests to get other areas tested as additional checks.  That sometimes works.  Although when I do performance profiling I am often looking to exercise other aspects of my product as there are areas that we know, or suspect, have issues with either load, load under performance or just performance and to exercise those adequately I need more than just a functional test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not to say you can't resuse scenarios, or functional tests and I don't know the Jersey tool, but I think what you have to consider is whether you can combine the tests in a meaningful way to correctly exercise your system so you get useful measures back to determine your performance.  If you can exercise your tests in parallel, which my functional tool can't, then you could probably work it in your tool as well to be able to get some additional performance checks by doing compatability testing and running tests that exercise other areas of your product in parallel with the area you are concerned about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-04-01T12:08:56.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5874" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-01T13:59:31.723" Score="3" ViewCount="1009" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is currently developing a Near Field Communication(NFC) based application. What test scenarios need to be checked for NFC-based applications? How do I test the applications which use NFC?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of tools need to be used for testing NFC-based applications? For blackberry devices I used the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.blackberry.com/java/documentation/testing_nfc_applications_1627604_11.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share your suggestions, application checklist for NFC-based applications on NFC-enabled devices. Googling hasn't helped me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-26T11:42:37.190" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T17:21:51.983" Title="testing an nfc application" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5872" CreationDate="2013-04-01T16:16:43.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance tests and stress testing are different.  I often re-use web service tests to add to my stress tests to add additional load to the system under test, but usually have a different set of performance tests to measure the performance of specific actions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually these are run in tandem because I want to know how the API performs under no load, medium load, high load, varying load, etc.  As for whether you should use jmeter or jersey client, which would be cheaper, adding a timer to the jersey tests or creating new jmeter tests?  Also keep in mind that any additional overhead can affect your ability to create load, even something as simple as writing a debug statement to file can considerably slow down execution of your tests if you are trying to create a large amount of load.  So, if the jersey client tests have a minimal footprint it shouldn't matter, but you might want to do some tests to compare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-04-01T16:16:43.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5599" CreationDate="2013-04-01T20:48:59.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In TestNG.xml file there is an attribute &quot;parallel&quot; that could be used to configure running several test methods/classes at the same time in parallel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;mySuite&quot; parallel=&quot;methods&quot; thread-count=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;mySuite&quot; parallel=&quot;tests&quot; thread-count=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;mysuite&quot; parallel=&quot;classes&quot; thread-count=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;mySuite&quot; parallel=&quot;instances&quot; thread-count=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The article &lt;a href=&quot;http://technologyandleadership.com/testng-running-tests-in-parallel/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://technologyandleadership.com/testng-running-tests-in-parallel/&lt;/a&gt; gives an indepth description of all these values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="570" LastActivityDate="2013-04-01T20:48:59.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5877" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5880" CreationDate="2013-04-02T07:37:30.737" Score="5" ViewCount="1173" Body="&lt;p&gt;In recent times, I have been doing a lot of reading about mentoring and recently came across an article on &lt;a href=&quot;http://thedrawingboard.me/2013/02/04/the-importance-of-good-mentors/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the importance of good mentors&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the testing community, what are good resources (books, videos, articles, blog posts and presentations) for mentoring other testers? The context can vary from basics to experienced testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-06-14T04:02:44.877" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T04:02:44.877" Title="What are good resources for mentoring QAs/Testers?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5877" CreationDate="2013-04-02T17:48:29.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some blogs I've found very useful for learning about Selenium (and testing practices by association):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sauceio.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sauceio.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for books:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thetesteye.com/papers/TheLittleBlackBookOnTestDesign.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.thetesteye.com/papers/TheLittleBlackBookOnTestDesign.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/184951830&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.amazon.com/Selenium-Testing-Tools-Beginners-Guide/dp/184951830&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also a number of conferences that are extremely useful for testing in general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumconf.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumconf.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cloudbees.com/juc2012.cb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cloudbees.com/juc2012.cb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you live in a populous city, there are numerous meetups, where you can find people who are willing to mentor other testers. Monthly meetups are a great way to get acquainted with other testers in your local community:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.meetup.com/ContinuousDeliveryNYC/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.meetup.com/ContinuousDeliveryNYC/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.meetup.com/NYCSelenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.meetup.com/NYCSelenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest the #selenium channel on IRC Freenode. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1675" LastActivityDate="2013-04-02T17:48:29.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5877" CreationDate="2013-04-02T18:37:05.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Shameless plug for The Software Testing Club website - has good list of tester blog feeds to read, discussion area to start discussions and join in with. Trying to answer questions and help is a great way of finding out what you really know. ( same principle for this site and SQAForums )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are paid courses possible ? If so the AST courses are good for beginners and experienced&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And agree with the answer that says local meetup groups, if there isn't one in your area, start one. Mixing with other testers, doing talks is a great way of learning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-04-02T18:37:05.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5877" CreationDate="2013-04-02T21:38:20.467" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd second Phil's plug for the Software Testing Club website, and encourage you to seek out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/group/softwaretestingmentors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mentoring group&lt;/a&gt; on there (although it does appear to be pretty quiet at the moment - perhaps it might be prodded back to life? I recommend it because that's how I ended up receiving some absolutely invaluable mentoring from Michael Bolton. (Who is, incidentally, an &lt;em&gt;awesome&lt;/em&gt; mentor). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest it's worth considering what you want to know about mentoring. Mentoring relationships can be formal (arranged via a formal mentoring scheme, with training for mentors and mentees, a set timescale and goals for the relationship and formal support), or informal. They can be driven by the individual (I went looking for my own mentors), or be part of an organisation's training and development approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be looking for more information as a mentee - how do I find a mentor? How do I figure out if they're a good mentor? Should I be looking for someone with specific experience in my industry sector? How do I figure out what I want to learn from a mentor? Or you might be looking for more information on how to mentor someone - how do I find mentees? What sort of help and advice should I be offering a mentee? When does it cross the line into &quot;doing their homework&quot; for them? How can I get better at mentoring?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking at those sorts of general questions, then there's no need to stick strictly to testing websites for help - check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mandbf.org/guidance-and-support/resources&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mentoring and Befriending Organisation&lt;/a&gt;. (Note: I'm not a member - which is free - but I participated in a mentoring scheme organised by a professional association which based their excellent training materials on resources provided by the Mentoring and Befriending Organisation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking more specifically for examples of mentoring in the software testing field, then I'd suggest checking out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.summerqamp.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SummerQAmp&lt;/a&gt; - who are being supported with training materials by the Association for Software Testing. If that sounds interesting, check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkltesthead.com/2013/02/summerqamp-2013-training-materials-home.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Michael Larsen's blogpost asking for contributors&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I'll finish up by saying mentoring is NOT just training by another name. It's definitely not about providing someone with all the answers - or even with the questions. I like the definition the Mentoring and Befriending Organisation use on their website: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A voluntary, mutually beneficial and purposeful relationship in&#xA;  which an individual gives time to support another to enable them to&#xA;  make changes in their life&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd definitely say that applies to the mentoring I've received through my career. (One mentor I only had one meeting with, but the question he asked me then led to me changing company about 6 months later.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2013-04-02T21:38:20.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3129" CreationDate="2013-04-02T22:28:35.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general page layout and browser compatibility are best tested through manual tests.&lt;br&gt; Selenium is designed to test the functionality of your website. Your suggestion of using the &lt;code&gt;webelement.getPosition()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;webelement.getDimension()&lt;/code&gt; methods to test layouts is unlikely to work because in most HTML pages simply resizing the web page will move most elements on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead I would suggest visually inspecting each page of your site before each release. If you have to support multiple web browsers this involves doing manual testing in multiple web browsers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5044" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-04-03T15:24:33.710" LastActivityDate="2013-04-03T15:24:33.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5882" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-03T03:36:06.170" Score="1" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wanted to get inputs on experience in migrating QC to QAComplete. Please can you share your inputs and share your email contact if you are ok to receive specific questions&#xA;thanks,&#xA;Vimal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5057" LastActivityDate="2013-04-03T03:36:06.170" Title="QC to QAComplete migration experience" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-04-03T15:22:50.327" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5884" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5886" CreationDate="2013-04-03T12:05:49.670" Score="2" ViewCount="2335" Body="&lt;p&gt;i am in need to test the application which was working based on the wi-fi signal strength,is it there any application/automation tool to randomize my wifi signal and check for applications functionality,my application need to be tested with varied wifi signal strengths,please share your thoughts to test mobile application which uses wifi connection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My applications functionality is as follows &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its an multiplayer gaming application which allows users to play through wifi mode&#xA;i.e upto 5 number of users can login and play the game &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and its an android mobile multiplayer game&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i considered the above question under this criteria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the users with varied wifi limit(speed) some devices may vary on speed,signal strength etc&#xA;will play the game through wifi so i wish to test the application based on the wifi connection speed,latency etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="2859" LastEditDate="2013-04-05T08:45:50.760" LastActivityDate="2013-12-15T16:03:14.077" Title="how to test mobile application which uses wifi connection?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5145" CreationDate="2013-04-03T12:43:49.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/loadrunner-tutorials.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.Guru99.com&lt;/a&gt; has some video tutorials on LoadRunner (LR). It is for beginners who want to know about LR basics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It covers the following topics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 1 - Introduction To Load Runner (7:56)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 2 - Introduction Mercury Tour Website (4:31)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 3 - Introduction Vuser,Controller , Analyzer (4:35)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 4 - Vuser Part 1 (4:46)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 5 - Vuser Part 2 (8:41)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 6 - Vuser Part 3 (2:16)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 7 - Transactions (2:27)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 8 - Playback (4:20)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 9 - Correlation Part 1 (6:59) (Must Watch)                                                                        &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 10 - Correlation Part 2 (1:06)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 11 - Correlation Part 3 (9:55)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 12 - Correlation Part 4 (2:35)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 13 - Parameterization (5:05)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 14 - Verification Checkpoints (5:42)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 15- Controller (6:45)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tutorial 16 - Analyzer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5062" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-05-16T05:45:36.237" LastActivityDate="2013-05-16T05:45:36.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5884" CreationDate="2013-04-03T18:48:38.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's a mobile application, presumably you have the handset to test it on (my old mobile shop had every handset in-house...quite an inventory).  You should physically move around to get varying WiFi signal strengths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want to use your feet, you can begin wrapping aluminum foil around the handset until the signal dies down, or throw it in a Hoffman box if you have one of those handy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2013-04-03T18:48:38.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5884" CreationDate="2013-04-04T08:46:26.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a variable attenuator between your device and AP, there are manual and controllable models and it's relatively cheap.&#xA;You'll have to connect it to the Wi Fi antennas using an RF cable , or put your device into an RF insulated box, which in turn is connected to the attenuator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application probably doesn't see the signal strength reports directly, you can mock the OS calls to mimic variable signal strengths.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for a WiFi signal generator, like this one from R&amp;amp;S &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rohde-schwarz.com/en/product/cmw270-productstartpage_63493-9552.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rohde Schwarz&lt;/a&gt; (Warning- very expensive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-04-04T08:46:26.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5889" CreationDate="2013-04-04T09:55:37.473" Score="3" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm developing a business intelligence solution using Microsoft BI Development Studio.  I'm Mainly using SSIS , SSAS and SSRS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The users will be accessing the reports from a web application (ASP.NET using ReportViewer).  They are not going to be trained. The number of users at any given time is unknown but it will be limited. The reports should be available at all times.  As for the SSIS and SSAS tasks they should be executed once a month. I do not have user stories or requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to evaluate my solution's quality and performance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5066" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-04-04T15:07:31.970" LastActivityDate="2013-04-04T15:07:31.970" Title="Can a Business Intelligence solution be tested?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5888" CreationDate="2013-04-04T12:32:41.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is &quot;yes&quot;. Your application has a purpose and users, so its quality and performance can be evaluated relative to its purpose and its users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The implied question of how to test it is one that can't be answered without more information. I'd consider these questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will users interact with the application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will users be trained or not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many users will be using the application at any given time? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What expectations do users have of the application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What external requirements (if any) exist (e.g. is there an expectation that the application will be available at all times without exception?)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What level of control will there be over the server side of the application? (If you control the server hosting and users connect via a client, you don't need to specify minimum architecture for the server - or deal with users trying to run the server on underpowered systems)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's just a starting point. I think you need to consider the requirements or user stories of your application and use those to develop your starting points for testing. If you don't have documented requirements or user stories, it might be worth your time to start there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-04-04T12:32:41.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5884" CreationDate="2013-04-04T15:11:37.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you application is an app to accurately measure wifi signal strength then you haven't provided enough information about your app. Do you really expect different functionality from your application if the signal strength attenuated? Or are you trying to assess performance issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Controlling signal strength accurately (in a controlled environment) must be done from the wireless access point. Some access point configurations allow you to control signal strength as suggested by Rsf.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aluminum foil has a skin depth of about 100 µm and will will provide about 35% attenuation signals in the 1 MHz range (wifi). To completely block the signal you can build a Faraday cage (layers of brass screen seem to work best if you make it from scratch...commercial ones vary in price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-04-04T15:11:37.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5884" CreationDate="2013-04-04T22:50:52.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using an iOS6 device and are a registered developer, you can use the network link conditioner to simulate a large variety of network types. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neglectedpotential.com/2012/09/ios6-network-link-conditioner/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for a detailed how to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-04-04T22:50:52.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5892" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-05T10:45:35.540" Score="2" ViewCount="329" Body="&lt;p&gt;What coverage measures/metrics are useful for unit testing and for integration testing of Java or other object-oriented systems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We would like to establish a better test process. Our software systems are (mostly) developed and maintained by external providers (including implementation of change requests). As of now, they do the development and (hopefully) some testing and provide us with the resulting software. Then we do the system testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we would like to make some specifications of measures which have to be fulfilled by the provider in order for us to accept the software and start system testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some techniques like statement testing and decision/branch testing which for which some tools exist (e.g. Cobertura, EclEmma), and which seem to be relatively easy to use. These could of course be somewhat helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately they seem to be insufficient for object oriented systems, since the complexity of object-oriented systems mostly is due to the relations between classes and objects, not due to complex control flows. Required statement coverage (e.g. 100%) or branch coverage could be achieved relatively easy. Nevertheless, there could be many quality problems which cannot be identified by these tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other techniques and corresponding coverage measures which are more adequate? If yes, can you recommend tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Update:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After thinking about it, and without having found better measures/metrics for object-oriented systems, I contemplate the following approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Require statement coverage of 100%, maybe with justified exceptions of some classes or (groups of) methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maybe require decision/branch coverage of 100% for all classes/methods which are not excluded (see previous list item), depending on the project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Additionally to these measures/metrics, and prior to development, perform design reviews to get confidence in the approach the provider chose.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastEditorUserId="5071" LastEditDate="2013-04-12T08:33:25.770" LastActivityDate="2013-04-12T08:33:25.770" Title="Dynamic whitebox testing and coverage metrics for Java systems?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5892" CreationDate="2013-04-05T12:46:33.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tested Java enterprise systems for about 10 years, both web and desktop client. Each of the systems I tested had a different requirements model, but the evaluation of coverage metrics (as it applies to answering if the product is ready to ship) was always a major concern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most effective coverage evaluation in our experience was a two-pronged approach with thorough unit requirement testing (such as in TDD) combined with exploratory testing of the user stories at the system or integration level. That requires heavy communication among the team when deriving the unit-level requirements, both initially and as the requirements &quot;evolve&quot;. Your description of the relationship with the development contractors is a bit concerning and is probably the weakest point of your process. I would suggest trying to incorporate more frequent communication and interim deliveries of the component software from the development teams to better evaluate the implementation at the system level as early as possible. The combination of unit requirement coverage and exploratory evaluation of the user stories at the system level should give you the best coverage indication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-04-05T12:46:33.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5895" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-05T21:46:31.560" Score="1" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anybody used WAPT for testing of HTTPs pages? We're running WAPT against a .NET solution that is acting as a relying party for a centralized authentication system.  Some of the pages are on HTTP, but others are running on HTTPS.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've installed the recorder certificate into the root, and we now have it recording the HTTP pages and the HTTPS pages from the centralized authentication system.  However, when the recorder gets returned back to our main website on HTTPS, it refuses to record those pages.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we disable the recorder, WAPT shows the page correctly (although we have to accept the unsigned cert).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anybody tried this before?  This is an example flow with the WAPT Recorder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start Recording in WAPT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load home page (&lt;a href=&quot;http://mysite.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mysite.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Login, WAPT browser is redirected to auth site (&lt;a href=&quot;https://mysso.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://mysso.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Authenticate, WAPT browser is redirected back (&lt;a href=&quot;https://mysite.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://mysite.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last step doesn't work.  We've also tried using an external browser like Mozilla or Safari, instead of the built-in browser, and if the Recorder is on and using its proxy the same problem occurs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4683" LastActivityDate="2013-04-07T07:12:25.937" Title="Recording WAPT on HTTPS" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5895" CreationDate="2013-04-07T07:12:25.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often tools that records http traffic will have some difficulty recording and playing back login scenarios because once you log in, your site will have some sort of session cookie or auth token that needs to be included in all subsequent requests after logging in.  This is usually created each time you log in and lasts only for that session.  This means when you go to play back those requests, it will likely be using the old values, which means that the login will be unsuccessful and you will get redirected back to the login screen.  You will need to do something like send the log in request, then extract the session cookie or auth token from that response and replace the previously recorded value in all subsequent requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if this is truly an issue with the tool having a bug around switching from HTTP to HTTPS, I would contact the vendor since it is a for pay tool and they have a support team that should be able to help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-04-07T07:12:25.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5897" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5904" CreationDate="2013-04-07T12:21:04.930" Score="2" ViewCount="457" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a system with two logical threads, living on different machines and operating &lt;em&gt;concurrently&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;asynchronously&lt;/em&gt;. First one receives data from an external system and puts them into DB. The latter receives action requests from the external system, and based on the data stored in the DB, it takes one decision or another, and then sends requests to third-party system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem we have is because devs assumed that: &lt;em&gt;data has been put in DB before the second thread receives request&lt;/em&gt;. In practice, it happened to me that there was no data in DB and the second thread took the wrong decision that impacts third party system severely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder &lt;em&gt;how to test against such bugs in a systematic way?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proposed solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason I have no found this defect before is that I took the same assumption the devs did: I waited for the data to be available in DB, before sending an action request. The way I found it was by (a) removing this wait condition from my automated test, plus (b) some coincidence: first thread was more overloaded than the latter and thus it delayed saving the data into DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove unreal wait conditions from tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simulate such coincidences I described... But how?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-06-13T20:18:05.683" LastActivityDate="2015-06-13T20:18:05.683" Title="Testing asynchronous concurrent systems in a systematic way" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1537" CreationDate="2013-04-07T16:21:50.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one reason why it is important to know how long each test takes, and to refactor if necessary. A lot of times folks will just continue to pile on functionality into a test, use unnecessary sleeps throughout their code instead of events or polling loops, or just add new (sometimes redundant tests) to an already over-bloated automated test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any high volume test automation used in continuous integration cycles it is important to manage those tests via categories/suites. Here is a brief overview of how we do it in my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pre-check-in suite - a subset of unit tests and a functional tests ran before each check-in (we capped the total run time of this suite to less than 15 minutes).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration test suite - All unit tests and a subset of critical functional tests that would likely block self-hosting or integration into the main branch (this takes less than 2 hours). The purpose of this suite is to identify any critical issues as quickly as possible that are introduced due to code churn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional test suite - All remaining functional tests not run in the integration test suite (this can be further sub-categorized by priority)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non-functional test suite - All non-functional tests such as perf, memory, bandwidth, stress, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By categorizing tests and test suites, and prioritizing automated tests in a way to help identify important problems that might arise from continuous integration of new bits into the build we can control which test suites are ran and in what order. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can also run a custom suite of tests based on the areas of code churn and upstream/downstream dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, distribution of tests to run across multiple virtual machines (and real devices) is critical for time saving in any high-volume automated test runs. This is one of the gating factors for test suites of a few hundred automated tests to several thousands of automated tests per new build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-04-07T16:21:50.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5921" CreationDate="2013-04-07T20:31:42.893" Score="2" ViewCount="1483" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using google map api in my site and I want to test the cursors on map using Selenium IDE.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now I use this code and it works fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;clickAt &amp;gt; xpath=(//map[@id='gmimap85'])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it tests only one cursor (cursor number &lt;strong&gt;85&lt;/strong&gt;), and map page is a dynamic page so I want a way to make selenium select any random cursor on map page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4901" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-04-08T13:47:52.573" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T11:10:34.577" Title="select random cursors on map using selenium ide" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5928" CreationDate="2013-04-08T00:06:04.020" Score="2" ViewCount="258" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in charge of load testing and finding bottlenecks in a Silverlight application - no functionality testing, just load and performance testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know much about the underlying core of Silverlight so my question is, is it feasible to compare load and performance tests to find client-side bottlenecks or is Silverlight unlikely to contain fixable client-side bottlenecks? Does Silverlight allow for much client-side processing or is it thin-client?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my question needs clarification, please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5037" LastActivityDate="2013-04-12T09:55:10.143" Title="Finding client-side bottlenecks in Silverlight" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;silverlight&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1537" CreationDate="2013-04-08T02:16:27.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321803027&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How Google Tests Software (chapter 2, &quot;Test Execution&quot; section)&lt;/a&gt; describes how Google categorizes tests by size: small, medium, large, or enormous.  The size takes into account not only how long the test takes but also the extent of its dependencies. For example, small tests should run into under 100ms and use extensive mocking to minimize dependencies -- these are what you might consider to be unit tests.  Medium tests run in less than a second and test interactions between a small set of modules.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google uses shared infrastructure to run automated tests.  The test runner puts on limit on the amount of time a test is allowed to run depending on its size.   If the test tries to run longer than that, it is automatically killed. For example, small tests are killed after 1 minute, and medium tests are killed after 5 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know of a general way to determine apriori how long a test will need to run.  Taking a page from Google's tactics, perhaps the best you can do is to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estimate the test's size and record it somewhere (e.g. in an annotation, external file, or database), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write/use a test runner that will use that information to kill tests that run too long for their size, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;amend your estimates based on what your test runner observes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T02:16:27.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5897" CreationDate="2013-04-08T06:15:48.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your ideas might be valid, but they use prior knowledge that might not be present for future bugs.&#xA;Usually load and stress tests tend to catch similar issues, and so are long stability tests especially if they use somewhat above average load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T06:15:48.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5903" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-08T07:50:05.117" Score="1" ViewCount="2541" Body="&lt;p&gt;For our small business and team, I am researching a decent bugtracking system. I have narrowed it down to two that seem to fit our needs (easy to set up, easy to post bugs for non-programmers, SVN integration): Mantis and Redmine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mantis kind of has my vote because it is PHP/MySQL and I know that best, see installing and administering will be easier. However, if I search &quot;Mantis or RedMine&quot; in Google, I only find people who are migrating to RedMine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are your experiences with Mantis / RedMine?&#xA;Is it worth the effort of trying to get RedMine to work (add repositories, install Ruby, etc) on our production server?&#xA;How easy does the SVN integration compare (I found posts on the internet saying the RedMine integration &quot;just works&quot; and I have to setup/program the Mantis integration)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5081" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T12:54:40.857" Title="Mantis or RedMine" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-07-12T09:23:06.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5897" CreationDate="2013-04-08T12:25:55.977" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When executing tests (either manually or automated), you must be careful about your assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always explore if an application might be time/wait sensitive as you are conceiving and executing your tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always consider - what would a single user do (regarding wait period)? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What would many users do? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if I go far faster than typical? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if I go far slower than typical?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation can help here, as long as you simulate closer to real-world conditions. With most tools, you can easily simulate many users arriving randomly, and waiting random periods of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T12:25:55.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5892" CreationDate="2013-04-08T15:49:32.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to getting the code coverage, I would test how the system handles both valid and invalid inputs to the system. We had a web service client that relied on the server to respond with code formatted according to their XML schema, and all of our tests passed, and we could process the responses during integration testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was when we got to production that we couldn't process any of the responses. The reason was that they used different XML schema in production. We never anticipated this, and had nothing in the code to make it easy to diagnose the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We added code and tests at all levels for unexpected input from the server, and now at least have a helpful log message when we get data from a supposedly 'reliable source'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5083" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T15:49:32.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5866" CreationDate="2013-04-08T19:47:58.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that it is impossible in HP QC/ALM 11.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to HP ALM 11.5 release notes REST web services will be improved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3107" LastActivityDate="2013-04-08T19:47:58.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5907" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5908" CreationDate="2013-04-09T02:13:45.123" Score="4" ViewCount="1837" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there some open source code, available to upload test results into HP QC via their api, or will I need to write something myself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally via REST, so it can be done from non-windows machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-05-10T03:54:19.627" LastActivityDate="2013-09-07T05:25:34.040" Title="Open source code to upload test results into HP QC/ALM?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5907" CreationDate="2013-04-09T03:09:13.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure about open source code. But I tried something similar using QC OTA API with Excel. But to use this, your machine need to have QC Client installed and then take a reference to QC Object using OTA in Excel VBA Project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5087" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T03:09:13.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5909" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5910" CreationDate="2013-04-09T21:03:57.797" Score="3" ViewCount="1605" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am on a small team (3 developers and one UI person, no QA resource). We have a template that we maintain and use to put together small registration sites for a variety of external clients. I am the UI person, and tasked with making improvements to the template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the testing phase, we will make use of our team plus some internal business users that also work closely with our product. This has worked fine in the past, but this time the changes are more widespread than usual and I am worried the test coverage will be spotty without some kind of test plan. I need  many browser/OS/device combinations tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question: For each tester, should I assign depth or breadth?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it better to divide up the test plan so that tester01 tests all of the scenarios on one browser/platform, and tester02 the same scenarios on a different browser/platform? OR does it make more sense to have tester01 test a handful of scenarios on all browser/platforms, and tester02 different scenarios on all platforms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5091" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T12:25:49.110" Title="depth vs. breadth" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5909" CreationDate="2013-04-09T21:55:05.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, Depends!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the following factors that I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The knowledge and expertise of the test group&lt;/strong&gt; - Are all of them familiar with all features being tested?  Are they all at the same level of expertise across your system?  If the answer to both these questions is yes, then assigning each person to testing all the features on a dedicated browser might be an efficient way.  This way they can test individual features as well be able to notice issues that span across the features or if a change to one feature results in an issue somewhere else in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do various features under test in your application relate to or depend on each other?&lt;/strong&gt; - If there is a high level of modularization, there would be a benefit in dividing tests by features rather than by browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Time and priority&lt;/strong&gt; - If time is constrained and you need all the features to be tested, something that might work is assign each tester to one or more browser and have them create a priority list of test cases.  User A can concentrate of Set A of TC, while user B can concentrate on set B.  This way each person does an in-depth testing for a particular set of test cases and a high level testing for rest of the cases.  You can also go ahead and prioritize TC for a particular browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will add more options as they come to my mind&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-04-09T21:55:05.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5903" CreationDate="2013-04-10T02:45:53.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Redmine is fantastic. Easy to use, with a very nice SVN viewer. There are a lot of nice plugins for it too. It doesn't need a programmer to setup or maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5094" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T02:45:53.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5909" CreationDate="2013-04-10T12:25:49.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with, what Suchit said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, some other things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How knowledgeable are your internal business users - will they use the site the way they usually do, or will they try different things?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What level of detail will your testers and business users need?  As a general rule, the more autonomous your testers, the more sense it makes to keep them in functional domains (e.g. Tester A does module 1 on all browsers, Tester 2 works with module 2 is better if you don't need to explicitly script all your steps, where it makes less difference for closely scripted testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You mentioned these are registration sites - is it feasible to give each tester/user a set of data and have one tester check that all the data reaches its destination (presumably a database) correctly?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without knowing your business domain, I can't give advice on how to prioritise beyond that if you have data on your most commonly used platforms it makes sense to prioritize those: as always go for the 80/20 rule (the 20% that gets 80% of the use - or as close to that as you can get). If Windows 7 PC with Internet Explorer 9 is your biggest group of users, functionality and appearance on that combination would be your first priority target, and so on down the line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also suggest if you run short of time to look at focusing on later versions rather than older ones, and classes of device before breaking into specific devices (e.g. &quot;android version X, phone&quot; rather than &quot;HTC One&quot;, &quot;iOS tablet&quot; rather than a specific iPad model)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T12:25:49.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2013-04-10T12:49:17.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For C# testing you should use WatiN instead of WatiR.&#xA;Also consider using of Telerik Test Studio. It has some benefits for test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1873" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T12:49:17.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5903" CreationDate="2013-04-10T13:50:24.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Redmine is very good. Mantis is bit more old fashioned. I suppose you have a look to Trac as it integrates Subversion, have its own wiki and is reasonable simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T13:50:24.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-10T14:33:11.183" Score="3" ViewCount="796" Body="&lt;p&gt;Accordin to ISTQB etc., it should. But from practice I can see it is not that clear.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;An example: We have a backend (pulling data from external systems, processing...), DB, and frontend.&#xA;Testers do system tests (in GUI) on the SIT environment (system integration testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also to make the system testing, they need a system which is the result of the system integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how can I say that SIT follows system testing? I think this is valid only if the other systems are not under my control (external systems)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2015-10-09T06:40:34.690" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T19:27:06.457" Title="Does 'system testing' precede 'system integration testing'?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5916" CreationDate="2013-04-10T16:00:39.497" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is often risky and problematic to test the integration between your system and external systems that you do not control.  For example, if your system performs financial transactions, it is daunting to test whether you perform those transactions correctly.  Sometimes there are &quot;test&quot; versions of the external systems available for integration testing.  If there are not, your options are constrained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True story: at a previous job, one of the testers performed a boundary test while integrated with an external system of a large, international bank.  This resulted in a unintentional $999,999,999 transaction.  Someone eventually caught the error, and no harm was done, but it still resulted in a conference call between the bank, our company, and the United States Federal Reserve.  The bank's system was ultimately at fault, but the tester was discouraged from performing that type of  test in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISTQB terminology/practices aside, you should aim to perform integration tests with fake data and fake/mocked external systems first.  After that, you may choose to perform live tests with live external systems, but you should perform those tests with the potential risks in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T16:00:39.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-10T16:17:48.487" Score="3" ViewCount="477" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am forced to follow ISO 12207 for systematic approach. I have been reading a lot here and found similar questions, yet not the same one and definitely not any suitable answer.&#xA;According to this norm, I should verify that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;code is testable, correct, follows standards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;implements correct data and control flow, timing...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first is clear but for the second point, how can I verify the correct control flow without testing? Because testing is by this standard defined as a validation activity in the different section. The only thing I can think of would be static analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the same for integration, I should check that &quot;components are fully and correctly integrated into the system..&quot;. How to do that without performing any testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I get this standard right, then all including unit testing is validation (verifying the logic is correct regarding the intended use of the product).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5101" LastActivityDate="2013-04-28T05:01:09.607" Title="I should follow ISO 12207 but how should I verify integration/code without testing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5916" CreationDate="2013-04-10T18:55:12.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The system test precedes the system integration test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal of the system test is to test exactly one system. If this system depends on other systems, these should not be tested at the same time, but stubs should be used instead of them. The reason for this is, that it is harder to identify the root cause of observed failures, if multiple systems are tested together, compared to only one system being tested. These failures could be defects in any of the involved systems, or in the interactions between them, or it could be test data issues etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the system test has successfully been performed, this system can move to the system integration test, where it tested only with other successfully tested systems, and maybe still some stubs. In the system integration test the interaction between systems is tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastActivityDate="2013-04-10T18:55:12.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3933" CreationDate="2013-04-10T23:32:51.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I do to get around this is to create a test case at the beginning of the test suite that sets all my common variables (test users, test company, build number, etc...) using the &lt;code&gt;store&lt;/code&gt; command. Then I create a test case to log in that uses the variable from the common variables test case. The subsequent test cases also use the variables from the first test cases to run the tests. In fact, I can then create other test suites and add the common variables test case at the top so that all my test suites can use the same variables. This alone has saved me from a lot of headache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example you can have let's say a test case called &lt;code&gt;commonvariables.html&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;store|http://websitetobetested.com/|baseURL&#xA;store|johndoe@hotmail.com|username&#xA;store|mypassword|password&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then have another test case called &lt;code&gt;login.html&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;open|${baseURL}|&#xA;type|id=login_username_field|${username}&#xA;type|id=login_password_field|${password}&#xA;click|link=Sign In|&#xA;verifyTextExists|Welcome!|&#xA;click|link=Sign Out|&#xA;click|link=OK|&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this is just a simple example of a test suite that logs the user in then logs them off. From here on you can resuse the same test cases or even change the variables but use the same test cases in a different suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5105" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-04-11T11:55:53.863" LastActivityDate="2013-04-11T11:55:53.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5899" CreationDate="2013-04-11T00:07:13.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if you have a set range but what you can use is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;store|javascript{&quot;http://gmimap&quot; + Math.floor(Math.random()*11);}|randomcoord&#xA;&#xA;clickAt|xpath=(//map[@id='${randomcoord}'])|&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5105" LastActivityDate="2013-04-11T00:07:13.150" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5884" CreationDate="2013-04-11T10:52:19.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For iOS ONLY. &#xA;You can install on your MAC &quot;Network Link Conditioner&quot;, it allows you to simulate different connection profiles (3g, DSL, Edge, WIFI average good or lossy connectivity, no connection). Once you select your profile, you need to connect your iOS phone to your MAC (hotspot wifi) and test your app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3025" LastActivityDate="2013-04-11T10:52:19.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3933" CreationDate="2013-04-11T11:55:29.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with, what everyone else said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest that your first goal should be to learn how to split your test cases into reusable chunks so your login is a single test case which gets called by all the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method I use (regardless of tool) is to define a test case as containing one or more test actions, each with one or more steps, so a test case of (for example) logging into a webstore and ordering an item breaks down to a set of actions like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run targeted browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load entry URL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log in as user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select quantity x of item y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select payment method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check confirmation page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;exit browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each action can be used in any test case, so you only need the log in steps existing in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll also typically have the actions take parameters so that I can reuse the action with different data. So the log in action would take in an identifier pointing to the user needed for the test case, and break down to steps something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retrieve user details for user login 'testuser1'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter user name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter user password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click logon button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify successful action&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Of course, if you include success/failure information in your user details, you can call a &quot;successful action&quot; one that has the expected result whether it be a logged in user or an invalid password message).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found - by starting the way you did, and dealing with the ever-growing collection of identical or almost identical code - that modularizing your test cases this way helps to keep things clean and easily maintained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-04-11T11:55:29.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-11T19:20:54.983" Score="5" ViewCount="5101" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you somehow configure a test account in the PayPal Sandbox testing environment to return a credit card declined failure message when that user tries to submit a payment or trigger a failure message on an individual transaction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked around on the Internet for way to do this, and some of the suggested solutions included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Altering the test user account address to trigger address verification failure (which did not work, but it was seven-year-old documentation).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Turn on negative testing and fire off requests to the sandbox to get a failure message according to the amount you send in (which won't work for me, as I'm trying to test this from the user's perspective by creating the transaction through the Web site and submitting for PayPal payment, and seeing how the system processes the response).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Submitting a transaction over $1000 (which won't work as our transactions do not exceed $100 in value).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know you can fail an eCheck payment while it's pending, but I don't see any way to do the same with credit card payments.  Is there a means?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4659" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T08:34:17.377" Title="Can you trigger a credit card declined message through the PayPal Sandbox interface?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5903" CreationDate="2013-04-12T00:12:26.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used both, of the two I prefer Mantis.  My favorite of such solutions is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.zendesk.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Zendesk&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5112" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-04-12T11:37:06.597" LastActivityDate="2013-04-12T11:37:06.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5926" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5927" CreationDate="2013-04-12T03:36:43.127" Score="4" ViewCount="558" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently started exploring &lt;code&gt;Selenium&lt;/code&gt;. According to the experts future lies in Selenium &lt;code&gt;Webdriver&lt;/code&gt;. But my question is being a predecessor should I also learn &lt;code&gt;Selenium RC&lt;/code&gt;? Will it be worth investing the &lt;code&gt;time&lt;/code&gt;? Does it help me to grasp the &lt;code&gt;architecture&lt;/code&gt; of Selenium more efficiently?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already know that each have got some &lt;code&gt;advantages/disadvantages&lt;/code&gt; against the other but still I would like to know this in detail. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2013-05-03T08:56:35.320" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T06:27:13.000" Title="Is it a good idea to learn Selenium RC alongside Webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5926" CreationDate="2013-04-12T03:55:45.527" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;These days, I'd say Selenium RC is not worth learning &lt;em&gt;unless&lt;/em&gt; you have a specific need for it--for example, to work with legacy test code that uses it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think it will give you a significantly better appreciation of the Selenium architecture. You can get that by exploring the Selenium code base if you have an interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you the know WebDriver API reasonably well, and you know how to use it to automate stuff, then you will be able to learn Selenium RC quickly if the need arises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-04-12T03:55:45.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5900" CreationDate="2013-04-12T09:55:10.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Silverlight is NOT a thin client, it allows for heavy client-side processing and so the request is quite valid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Silverlight is a dialect / subset of WPF, the technology that replaces Windows Forms, another fat-client :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few ideas on how to go about this &quot;perf testing&quot; (it's not really load testing because a client can only be accessed by 1 user, so the load is 1 user anyway). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;you can instrument the code to output performance data (i.e. track how long it takes for some operations to complete). Look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163437.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ETW instrumentation&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;make sure you have scenarios for moderate data load and big data load (e.g. if you display a list of items, look at displaying 10 items and 100 items)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;look at the code and understand where caching is involved; this has a major impact on perf and can influence your data;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5117" LastActivityDate="2013-04-12T09:55:10.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5929" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-14T11:11:57.953" Score="3" ViewCount="961" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you please tell me if there were any attempts to integrate Fitnesse and Selenium WebDriver? I'm looking for something like Selenesse (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/marisaseal/selenesse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/marisaseal/selenesse&lt;/a&gt;), but for WebDriver, not &quot;old&quot; Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Racoon&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2443" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T03:26:38.420" Title="Fitnesse + WebDriver: any working solution?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5930" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5932" CreationDate="2013-04-15T07:45:05.610" Score="3" ViewCount="231" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eetimes.com/General/PrintView/4024600&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sean M. Beatty says in &quot;Where testing fails&quot; article&lt;/a&gt; that &lt;em&gt;&quot;deadlocks, stack overflows, race conditions and timing problems cannot be detected by testing (whether it is code inspection, whide-box structural and black-box functional)&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. Beatty, therefore, recalls some special but well-known methods to detect these specific issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you call the proposed activity if not testing?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Why is it excluded from the test? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5121" LastEditorUserId="44" LastEditDate="2013-04-17T15:40:01.640" LastActivityDate="2013-04-21T12:17:33.293" Title="Why testing, by definition, cannot find deadlocks and stack overflows?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5933" CreationDate="2013-04-15T10:29:40.410" Score="4" ViewCount="801" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work we've recently made the switch to SCRUM.  We've gone through the usual problem involved in such a transition from Waterfall but, overall, we now have a functional Agile/SCRUM approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've gotten in the habit of writing User Stories and testing these using Acceptance Criteria in Gherkin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, a User Story will have a few Gherkin &lt;em&gt;Features&lt;/em&gt;, each with a handful of &lt;em&gt;Scenarios&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, this is working very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is this:  Because we are now an Agile team we follow an iterative approach to Software Development.  This means that Features can evolve over time.  And, if a Feature changes it would only seem logical that the Acceptance Criteria for that Feature be kept up to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do Agile teams manage Software projects with &lt;em&gt;dozens&lt;/em&gt; of Features and &lt;em&gt;hundreds&lt;/em&gt; or even &lt;em&gt;thousands&lt;/em&gt; of Acceptance Criteria (in our case, Gherkin Scenarios)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently store our AC in Feature Files but it's become increasingly difficult to find which Scenarios need to change when a Feature changes.  This is mainly due to the fact the these Feature changes are logged as new User Stories in our Issue Tracking system.  What is the recommended approach here?  Are there tools to link Scenarios and Features to Use Stories defined in Issue Tracking software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5122" LastActivityDate="2013-04-15T12:04:51.783" Title="How do you manage large sets of Acceptance Criteria?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5930" CreationDate="2013-04-15T11:53:55.697" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a terminology issue: what Beatty is saying is that conventional testing methods are unable to detect those conditions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, they don't manifest in typical testing activities (and detection requires detailed analysis of the code base by someone with access to and knowledge of the code - which many testers lack). Certainly in my career I've never been in a position to detect any of those conditions short of stumbling across them by chance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Testing&quot; in Beatty's article is used to mean &quot;conventional testing&quot; - Security testing falls under the same umbrella as the activities Beatty proposes to track down deadlocks and the like: a specialist activity which someone employed as a tester probably isn't qualified to perform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully that helps explain things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-04-15T11:53:55.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5931" CreationDate="2013-04-15T12:04:51.783" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you need here is to maintain linkage between your AC, your user stories, and the features - there are a number of test management tools to do this, which you can integrate with your issue tracking system (or not - provided you make sure your internal process includes flagging each item in the test management system with the relevant item in your issue tracking system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestLink is a good free (as in beer, and as in open source) tool that will allow you to treat your acceptance criteria as child requirements of your user stories and maintain a history of acceptance criteria linked to your test cases (which in turn are tied to features in your software).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the commercial tools (including Microsoft Team Foundation Server, HP Quality Center, SmartBear QA Complete - and this is not a complete list by any means) include integrated tracking of everything so that there's built in linkage from user story through acceptance criteria to tests and test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you don't go this route, you will save yourself a great deal of pain by procedurally linking everything together - so your initial user story in the issue tracking system includes its acceptance criteria. The new issue for modification of that feature is created as a &lt;em&gt;child&lt;/em&gt; of that issue, with a link back to the parent (a child copy, with modifications as needed is a good choice because then the original acceptance criteria copy over). This method will hold things together until you can get a real test management system in place, but I wouldn't recommend it as anything more than a stop-gap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-04-15T12:04:51.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5926" CreationDate="2013-04-15T12:55:38.170" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quite simply &lt;strong&gt;No!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver was a project in its own right before it merged with Selenium so looking at the Selenium RC codebase and API is not going to give you any insight as to why certain decisions were made inside WebDriver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium RC is currently deprecated, so if you do start learning it you are learning something that is no longer supported and not supposed to be used moving forwards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium RC encourages bad habits.  It tries to guess when things are loaded so it will not teach you how to use explicit waits.  It allows you to click on hidden elements that a user could not click on making your tests less representative of the actions a real user would take.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally if you have already started with WebDriver there is no reason to look back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2013-04-15T12:55:38.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5935" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-15T17:54:52.530" Score="4" ViewCount="1255" Body="&lt;p&gt;The team I am currently working with has a very large application to test (several custom programs, running in a distributed environment), and has built up a very large set of automated test cases for regression and feature testing. These tests are large and there are a lot, so full test runs are dispatched across many machines, the results gathered, and then imported into a custom web app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some very nice tools out there for writing the automated tests, but there doesn't seem to be much for managing a &quot;automated testing workplace&quot;. We ended up writing custom applications to do all of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Schedule tests to run on one of several machines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gather results, import into database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web application for result viewing and querying&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Results per run/software version/test machine/etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration with external bug tracker for tracing failures to tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nice to have: Smart analysis of results&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;This test started failing/passing&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;This test is unreliable/intermittent&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of anything off the shelf that handles all of the above? Most of what I have found before is very focused on manual testing, which we don't do much of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5123" LastActivityDate="2013-04-15T20:22:51.593" Title="Automated Test Management: Running, Saving Results, Querying, etc" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5935" CreationDate="2013-04-15T20:22:51.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm understanding correctly you could use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Continuous Integration&lt;/a&gt; tool like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jenkins is an award-winning application that monitors executions of repeated jobs, such as building a software project or jobs run by cron.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Team City&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TeamCity is a user-friendly continuous integration (CI) server for professional developers and build engineers, like ourselves. It is trivial to setup, manage and use. It scales perfectly for a company or a team of any size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both have numerous features, which you can browse via their respective websites. We are currently using Jenkins to run our automated tests (smoke, regression and unit tests). It does a nice job of reporting and is customizable so that you can a variety of plugins (which are available via the Jenkins site).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We push tests to different machines and test results for the tests are reported within Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastActivityDate="2013-04-15T20:22:51.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-16T04:09:33.350" Score="1" ViewCount="1145" Body="&lt;p&gt;In QC there is an option to set a &quot;Blocked&quot; status for a testing scenarios which are unable to be tested due to a blocking defect. I wonder if there is an option to attach the actual blocking defect to these tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it is possible to just include it &quot;Comments&quot; field but maybe there is a more neat way to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2013-06-20T10:34:17.993" Title="Attaching a defect to a blocked Test Case in QC" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5938" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-16T09:26:34.027" Score="1" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes I have a list of test cases in the Test Lab and I want to their Status to be changed. Is there any neat way to do it except of just going and doing that one by one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2013-04-16T09:26:34.027" Title="Modifying multiple Test Cases status" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-04-16T09:42:42.330" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5940" CreationDate="2013-04-16T11:16:17.930" Score="2" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Selenium test suite configured to run with Django &amp;amp; teamcity but today I have noticed that when running my tests locally, Firefox launches without the Webdriver addon bar across the bottom of the window, which is visible on the Teamcity Build agent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kG7wr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not aware of any changes that have happened on my machine - Git reports no changes, so does anybody have any idea what might cause FF to launch without the WD addon? I'm not actually sure where this addon comes from, I've just always been happy to see it running without me worrying about it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4924" LastActivityDate="2013-04-16T13:52:50.663" Title="Webdriver addon is not starting with Firefox" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5939" CreationDate="2013-04-16T13:52:50.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you upgrade Firefox (either manually or automatically).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox attempts to validate all Addons every time it is upgraded. It might have rejected the Webdriver addon in your case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-04-16T13:52:50.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5944" CreationDate="2013-04-17T06:32:55.660" Score="5" ViewCount="5962" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have extensive experience automating GUI testing with tools like TestComplete or Microsoft's CodedUI. However, I am trying to get out of the game of testing at the UI layer and instead would like to get started trying to test at the &quot;service&quot; or &quot;API&quot; or &quot;logical&quot; level as advocated widely throughout the internet. My understanding of this is that I need to somehow access the functions being called underneath the hood when I am clicking buttons or otherwise interacting with the UI. However, I am not really sure how to do go about doing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With my GUI automation scripts, basically I just wrote a separate application that was run side by side with the application under test to click buttons and whatnot. Since there isn't really a test API available to touch the service layer externally, how do I go about testing this layer? Do I just go into Eclipse and make some &quot;Unit Tests&quot; to call functions from the application directly? Do I need to bother the developers and ask them to write me a test API so I can access the service layer externally? Or is there a better way to go about doing this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&#xA;Here's an example of what I wish to accomplish. Let's say I have some application wherein I am supposed to take some sales order with ID SO12345 through some business workflow with three separate screens (Initiate Order, Process Order, Complete Order). In each of these screens, I basically just enter the sales order ID into a text box and click save, which then updates the status of this order in the backend SQL database (insert new sales order record with status &quot;New Order&quot;, update status to &quot;Order Processed&quot;, update status to &quot;Order Complete&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically all I want to do in this example is move a sales order through these three screens and test the database to see if the correct updates have been made along the way. With UI automation, I would make an entirely new application and write a method for each screen and write code in each of those methods to navigate to the appropriate screen, enter the sales order ID into a text box, then click save. Then with these three methods in hand, I could write code calling these three methods and check the database in between each automated step. But now if I want to instead test at the service level and just call the underlying methods underneath each button click, where should I be doing that? Can I make a unit test project and write my automation code in there (even though it's not actually a true unit test) or is it better to get the developers to write me a library that I can reference in a separate app to access these navigation methods directly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5133" LastEditorUserId="5133" LastEditDate="2013-04-17T15:44:30.713" LastActivityDate="2013-04-19T02:48:47.707" Title="How do I automate &quot;service-level&quot; testing for a GUI app" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5942" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5945" CreationDate="2013-04-17T11:02:45.427" Score="2" ViewCount="3930" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I get a offline copy/archive of Selenium Webdriver Javadoc API which is available &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; so that I can bind the same to my Eclipse IDE for offline use? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A ready-made HTML archive will be appreciated instead of any suggestion to copy the entire site using any Web-spider software :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastActivityDate="2013-04-17T13:44:37.273" Title="Is Selenium 2 WebDriver JavaDoc API available offline?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5930" CreationDate="2013-04-17T12:01:54.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;actually the article starts by saying &quot;Testing, alone, cannot find &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; potential failure points&quot;, I don't think anyone here can argue with that- we don't presume to catch all failures in any system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The proposed activity is called &quot;Code Review&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-04-17T12:01:54.880" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5941" CreationDate="2013-04-17T12:14:32.523" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Paul,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot depends on what's available in your Application Under Test: often if there is no API available, the functions are only accessible when you have the correct GUI controls open. This is, alas, all too common, particularly with older applications (I spent a lot of time working with an application that still had code from 25 years ago grandfathered in, where a lot of the functional logic happened at the presentation layer. You can imagine the fun &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; was to test! (The devs hated it too, but between the complexity of it and the company's business decisions there was never time to clean it up properly)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where you can access the service layer, it's easy to work with no matter what tool you're dealing with. I've done API-level testing with TestComplete, dynamically building XML files to send to the service and parsing the responses. When you can't, what I've found to be the best option is to include data layer tests in your code, checking your database for correct data storage after you've exercised the GUI for the tests you're performing (which with your experience you probably know already).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the things I've done to make this less painful when the inevitable GUI changes occur include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;object oriented test code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;heavily data-driven tests (at my previous employer I worked with a relational database of tests and test data that had evolved from the first data driven tests - and was maintained entirely in CSV files. Functional, but not exactly easy for a new automator to follow).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;shared library code to handle navigation within the AUT. Typically in the code I worked with at my last employer, the automation code had a class for the data of each object, and a library to handle the navigation functions involving manipulating that object (I'm starting clean at the current employer, so there's nothing there right now, but this is the model I'm going to use).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shared definition of all the AUT objects manipulated. At my last employer this was a shared list of constants defining string constants for the form names and menu choices, so that instead of calling &lt;code&gt;Appname.FormName.Section.Section.Fieldname.SetText&lt;/code&gt; we could call &lt;code&gt;CUSTOMER_FORM_CONSTANT.Fieldname.SetText&lt;/code&gt; - and in the most commonly used fields, &lt;code&gt;CUSTOMER_FORM_FIELD_NAME_CONST.SetText&lt;/code&gt;. That meant if there was a need to change a form field, at best the change could happen in a single line of code. At worst, it might require a search/replace in one unit (Except that the oldest automation code was over ten years old and still in use, and that was mostly record/playback with some parameterization and library use).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data validation per test and at the end of each run. This part needs to happen with API testing too, since I'm sure you've seen tests that appear to complete without any problems - and store incorrect data. At my last employer, there was typically key validation of data at the end of each test in the suite, then when the GUI tests completed, every database table the test changed was checked against a set of baseline files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You probably already know this one, but it never hurts to be reminded to start from a known data set. The first thing any test involving complex data should do is set the AUT database to a known starting point. Because the applications I work with are so  complex it's not feasible to input all the data as part of a test (it would be hours before there was enough data in place to run the test) I'll start by restoring a known database and build tests from that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where you can make function calls directly, do that - if your AUT is compiled with debug info TestComplete can access most of its internal functions and members (with the caveat that Embarcadero introduced a &lt;em&gt;nasty&lt;/em&gt; bug into Delphi XE where building a sufficiently large and complex application (the one I was working with had over 4 million lines of code and counting) corrupted debug info. Since I'm no longer with that company, I don't know which version of the Delphi IDE contains  the fix for that one - but you can imagine the havoc it caused in a half-million line automation code base  utterly dependent on the debug info) and can often call them directly. Developers can use this to expose internal process calls for your automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: Adding to this to reflect your updated question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't call what you want to do &quot;unit tests&quot; - they're functional or API tests, since none of them exercise only one single unit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I would approach this, if no API exists -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'd start with a database containing a number of orders in various states of fulfilment. The key thing here is knowing what the orders are and what state they're in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'd write my script code so that it could take an order ID as a parameter, check what status it should be (this could be maintained in a second database or a CSV file, or within the test tool), and run the sequence based on the order ID. I'd loop through them, and have the test code set up to expect an error message if I tried to create a new order for an existing order ID, and to check the database after each step. If you organize your script to treat each order ID as its own object with whatever properties it needs, this becomes a trivial exercise and one which allows you to perform a large number of tests with the same code base.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without the API access it's slower, but still feasible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-04-18T12:48:19.510" LastActivityDate="2013-04-18T12:48:19.510" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5942" CreationDate="2013-04-17T12:30:21.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's in git so you could do a sparse checkout to get the JavaDoc part of the repo only.  This blog post about sparse checkouts goes through it in a reasonable amount of detail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.quilitz.de/2010/03/checkout-sub-directories-in-git-sparse-checkouts/comment-page-1/#comment-3146&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.quilitz.de/2010/03/checkout-sub-directories-in-git-sparse-checkouts/comment-page-1/#comment-3146&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you could download them from maven central:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-server/2.32.0/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-server/2.32.0/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="540" LastEditDate="2013-04-17T13:44:37.273" LastActivityDate="2013-04-17T13:44:37.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5941" CreationDate="2013-04-17T14:40:40.897" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Paul.  It is probably a good idea to have some API/service-level tests.  The way your question is phrased raises some red flags though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a tester, you should not write unit tests.  I don't mean you aren't capable of writing unit tests, or even that you aren't the most qualified person to write  unit tests.  If anyone writes unit tests, it should be the developers. There are a number of reasons for this.  If you write unit tests for someone else, they need to either explain the intent of their changes (which usually doesn't happen) or you need to guess at them yourself (which carries its own risks).  Developers also need to be invested in unit tests.  They need to run the appropriate tests before they decide their changes are correct.  They also need to fix the tests when they break, e.g. because of API changes.  Developers are less likely to behave that way if a tester writes the unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Of course, testing is just a means to an end.  In some organizations, it may not make sense for a developer to write unit tests at all.  This is not to say the developer should not test their code -- of course they should test their code -- but they do not necessarily need to write automated unit tests that perform reliable setup/tear-down, run on a certain test framework, run automatically after every checkin, inject results into a nicely formatted report, and so on.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers should focus on writing integration/system tests.  If your developers write unit tests, the right kind of API may already be available.  If it isn't, someone will need to write one.  Whether you write it yourself or ask the developers to write it for you depends on your skills, your familiarity with the code, the product architecture, your relationship with the developers, and how your developers perceive the value of those tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would start by deciding what kind of integration/system test you want to write.  I would start with something low-effort and high-value: low-effort so you're more likely to finish it, and high-value so its value will be apparent to the people you work with.  Once you decide on the kind of test, you can determine what kind of API you need, and then you can decide who should write it and when it should be written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another advantage of getting the developers involved in the test API is that you lower the risk that the functions in that API will change or go away.   If you simply use some functions that look useful, you have no guarantee that a developer won't change or remove that code next week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-04-18T03:40:29.360" LastActivityDate="2013-04-18T03:40:29.360" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-18T06:39:46.370" Score="-2" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;What automation tool for testing web application can you recommend to beginners? Which one is better to start with? I have no automation testing experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5059" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:05:29.287" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:05:29.287" Title="What's the best web testing tool for beginners with no previous automation experience?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-04-18T21:48:54.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5947" CreationDate="2013-04-18T07:46:50.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the technology your web app is based on. For instance you have great Unit Testing in Visual Studio for ASP.NET MVC. In PHP you have PHPUnit, JUnit for Java EE, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5139" LastActivityDate="2013-04-18T07:46:50.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5949" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5951" CreationDate="2013-04-18T07:51:26.173" Score="3" ViewCount="3313" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a web application which is working in production and there are 2000+ users of my application. Now I have to perform performance testing on the system so is there any idea how many concurrent users will be sending requests at a single time? It is presumed that not all the 2000+ users hit the server at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to use JMeter for load testing of my system so how many concurrent users should I assume must be hitting the server at the same time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any practice being followed in the world or it varies application-to-application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is welcomed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5140" LastEditorUserId="5140" LastEditDate="2013-04-19T09:51:27.647" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T02:36:26.430" Title="JMeter Concurrent Users Count Practice" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5947" CreationDate="2013-04-18T11:17:36.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Most appropriate&quot; is the one that best meets your company's individual needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the technology, but also the budget, the time available, the knowledge and capacity of the individual(s) who will be using the tool, etc, etc. No one size fits all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a list of vendors that have trial versions you might choose to explore. Not only will this give you some exposure to the tools available, but it will also help you understand which capabilities are important to your individual situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/trial-versions-of-commercial-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/trial-versions-of-commercial-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask. It meets my needs at this time, but it might or might not meet yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I look for in general terms when I put together a suite of automated test tools. You might find it handy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/things-i-like-to-have-in-my-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/things-i-like-to-have-in-my-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-04-18T11:17:36.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5949" CreationDate="2013-04-18T12:58:05.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is this a real-world question, or an academic one? Are you trying to find the answer for your particular application that you are testing? Or are you looking for a general formula as an answer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have an application that is already in production, then you can analyze the logs and determine the usage pattern of your 2000+ users. That will tell you how many typically are concurrent users and can help model the answer to your Jmeter question. You might start by considering how folks are using your system now, and how you expect that to grow over time. That could provide you with some targets for your experiments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your specific question, in my experience, it varies application-to-application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-04-18T12:58:05.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5949" CreationDate="2013-04-18T18:09:03.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell, you are trying to answer the question &quot;How do I take the information I have from usage of my current system - number of concurrent users and hits per second - and convert that into how many concurrent threads in JMeter?&quot;.  I'll answer the best I can, if that is not your question, please correct me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools like JMeter don't allow you to simply tell it &quot;Hit this page X times in Y seconds&quot;, instead they execute tests as quickly as they can and you throttle the total number of hits per second by increasing and decreasing the number of threads.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have a number of goals for your stress testing, one of them may be &quot;ensure we can continue to support the current production load&quot;.  For this case, you generally need to experiment a bit with how many threads until you hit a number that will generate approximately the same amount of load you would see in your production environment.  It is not guaranteed that if you run the tests for any amount of time that the requests per second will stay consistent.  For example, if there is a slow memory leak in your application, the number of requests per second from your tests may decrease over time as it begins taking longer and longer to get responses back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have experimented with writing tests that will send only 1 request per X seconds so that I can &quot;throttle&quot; the requests to an exact number.  You can do this by starting a timer, sending a request, getting a response and then sleeping until the timer hits X seconds.  Then, you can pretty easily calculate how many threads you would need to execute in order to get an exact number of requests per second.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will say that after experimenting with this approach I stopped using it because it really didn't add much value.  I could usually meet all of my stress testing goals without using this trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-04-18T18:09:03.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5633" CreationDate="2013-04-19T00:48:19.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A couple of workstations and VMs on each of them!!! Yes, I/O will be a problem but mostly if you install a SQL database on every VM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may eventually want to host a staging version of your website / service on some of the VMs and use others to run tests or to run load tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Commodity hardware is much cheaper than high-end servers (that's one of the reasons all the cloud providers keep their costs low). So a couple of workstations will sum up to much more than a single server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GPU should have no impact, unless you plan to crack hashes or play 3D games while your tests are running; anyway I doubt you'll find a decent GPU in any server (unless you go for some fancy designer's workstation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use Dell Precision workstations, $8,000 will net you 3-4 of them, depending on how many accessories like monitors you want. That's a decent test lab :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5117" LastEditorUserId="5117" LastEditDate="2013-04-19T09:15:20.020" LastActivityDate="2013-04-19T09:15:20.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-04-19T01:00:06.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the most important tools I use all the time is virtual machines. I have a library of different test environments saved and if I need to test something in any one of those environments I just fire up that VM. The ability to snapshot the virtual machine means that I can corrupt the environment and very easily come back to a pristine state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would hate to be a (manual) tester in a world without virtual machine capabilities...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="868" LastActivityDate="2013-04-19T01:00:06.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5930" CreationDate="2013-04-19T01:04:43.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I totally disagree. Running the same test on the same machine will not do much but  running integration tests and running on different environments you will surface some of the racing conditions (works especially for desktop apps)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another great way to iron out race conditions and the such is to perform load testing - works especially for services and websites. The extra load will force the threat scheduler to adopt different patters in allocating threads. For database level deadlocks you can monitor performance counters that relate to this. For the service level - well you'll most likely get some exceptions that are very difficult to reproduce - I recommend taking a look at a historical debugger such as IntelliTrace if you are in the .net world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, check out a research product from Microsoft called Chess - it essentially changes the thread scheduler of a process on every test run - that should trigger quite a few of the race conditions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/chess/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/chess/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5117" LastEditorUserId="5117" LastEditDate="2013-04-21T12:17:33.293" LastActivityDate="2013-04-21T12:17:33.293" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5941" CreationDate="2013-04-19T02:48:47.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talk to development!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An understanding of your architecture is needed properly answer the question.  How does your application communicate with the databases? If you have a service orientated architecture odds are you can test there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common service testing tool out there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;soapUI&quot;&gt;soapUI&lt;/a&gt;, which generally deals with soap or rest. I use it extensively and it is awesome, but a key to the awesomeness is clear open communication and team work with development, especially if you don't have documented API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2013-04-19T02:48:47.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5924" CreationDate="2013-04-20T08:03:18.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most payment providers supply test card numbers to enable you to do this, for example WorldPay has the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.worldpay.com/support/bg/xml/kb/3dsecure/dxmlA008.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.worldpay.com/support/bg/xml/kb/3dsecure/dxmlA008.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Testing Transactions A number of different cases can be tested by&#xA;  entering the following values as the card/accountholder name&#xA;  () in the order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;REFUSED – will simulate a refused payment REFERRED - will simulate a&#xA;  refusal with the refusal reason ‘referred' FRAUD - will simulate a&#xA;  refusal with the refusal reason ‘fraud suspicion' ERROR - will&#xA;  simulate a payment that ends in error. All other card/accountholder&#xA;  names will simulate an authorised payment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For test purposes we have provided a set of test credit and debit card&#xA;  numbers, these are listed below in the Test Card Numbers section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Captures and refunds can be simulated through the Merchant&#xA;  Administration Interface. Use the &quot;Capture&quot; or &quot;Refund&quot; button in the&#xA;  Payment and Order Details page.  Alternatively, you can send an XML&#xA;  capture or refund order modification to the Test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(I haven't added the numbers to this post as they can change, going to the Worldpay site and getting the latest information is always the best thing to do)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can create test accounts in PayPal, so I would try using some of the credit card details referred to in the link above with a PayPal test account and see how it goes.  It looks like PayPal will also generate test credit card numbers so that you can test valid transactions (Having a quick look at their Sandbox guide):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cms.paypal.com/cms_content/TR/tr_TR/files/developer/PP_Sandbox_UserGuide.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://cms.paypal.com/cms_content/TR/tr_TR/files/developer/PP_Sandbox_UserGuide.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Specifically Page 30)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully the above has given you all the information you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2013-04-20T08:03:18.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5937" CreationDate="2013-04-21T10:14:20.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/quality-center-tutorial-10.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt; will be useful to answer this question. But it is a very common question which you would have found just by Googling :/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastActivityDate="2013-04-21T10:14:20.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2013-04-21T20:03:03.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though the question is not so specific on what part of that web mail is to be automated, the best solution for whatever your question is Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your tests involved repeated logins, and sending mails to many then you can instal this addon to firefox and start recording your tests like login to gmail and compose and send mails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find related code and steps for this at stackoverflow and many other blogs such as seleniumhq dot in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5152" LastActivityDate="2013-04-21T20:03:03.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5962" CreationDate="2013-04-22T16:26:05.103" Score="6" ViewCount="1677" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a document for a developer at my company who will be working on a web app. Here's the advice I have for him so far (below). Can any of you think of more that I can add? Not sure which tool we'll be using, but Selenium and WatiN are strong contenders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where there are AJAX-heavy pages, especially when they have a big range of times to finish loading, help QA with hidden elements or JavaScript variables to indicate when the relevant AJAX piece (e.g. a data table is done loading)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web elements should be:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a. Uniquely identifiable - Selenium prefers id (fastest for looking up elements)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;b. Ideally, human-friendly, e.g. firstName instead of input82347&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Favor standard web elements like &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; over many layers of nested &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; for the UI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Class names and other element attributes should not be repeated unless it makes sense, e.g. don't use the same class name for functionally different components (cheesy example: both &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; having the exact same class name)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium doesn't like compound class names (e.g. &lt;code&gt;classname=&quot;classPart1 classpart2&quot;&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2714" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-05-09T11:37:45.207" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T11:54:08.637" Title="Best practices for developers to increase testability of web apps for QA?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;watin&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5961" CreationDate="2013-04-22T16:56:04.160" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;1 may be necessary, but it's also possible to handle it by executing some javascript.  For example, if the ajax page is using the jquery library, you can do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;bool isAjaxFinished = ((IJavaScriptExecutor)webDriver).ExecuteScript(&quot;return jQuery.active == 0&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 and 5 on your list don't seem necessary and may actually be counter-productive.  Selenium does fine with compound class names, and it would actually be extremely difficult in terms of CSS/presentation to restrict it that way.  If the classname is not unique and maybe even if it is, give it an ID (which is the fastest way for an element to be found via selenium).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing that I run into a lot would be dynamically generated elements, usually in a list (like messages in an e-mail inbox, or list of saved &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;).  Working with them may be difficult since there can be varying numbers of them, with varying text.  The easiest way to work with these elements is generally to give the parent element a unique identifier and then get a list of all of the child elements using xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-04-22T16:56:04.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5976" CreationDate="2013-04-22T19:49:12.007" Score="4" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a good, in-depth resource for load testing REST APIs and web services that goes well beyond &quot;beginner load testing&quot;.  I'm wanting a technology-agnostic resource that focuses on the goals and techniques, and maybe suggests tools to accomplish those techniques - but not something that is tied to a particular stack or toolset.  If the resource includes related testing, like performance and scalability for web apps &amp;amp; web services, that's a bonus.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be clear:  I'm not looking for articles on how to load test, tutorials, or tool recommendations; we're already doing basic load testing and getting value from it.  I want something in-depth to help identify holes in our current approach (if any) and improve what we are already doing, plus wanting to round out my own knowledge on the topic.  A quick look on Amazon isn't getting me anything that sounds promising, so I thought I'd turn to the experts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any recommendations?  Is there a clear &quot;best in class&quot; resource for this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T00:40:29.033" Title="Load testing APIs &amp; web services resource?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2013-04-23T08:08:19.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my point of view testing should be started from the start of the project.  Meaning from analysis phase through to documentation, design, code and deliver to stakeholder .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA team is the Busy in all the Project from A to Z.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5155" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-04-24T20:35:47.810" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T20:35:47.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5261" CreationDate="2013-04-23T11:38:33.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it can help, you can have a look at SIKULI, it is not a Windows Phone 8 testing tool, but it is a tool for UI testing. Here a list of videos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/testing.html&lt;/a&gt; (it doesn't work on real device)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3025" LastActivityDate="2013-04-23T11:38:33.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="887" CreationDate="2013-04-23T12:23:51.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Ironwasp tool fro CSRF attack if the application have CSRF attack we can easily identify by CSRF POC generator tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5156" LastActivityDate="2013-04-23T12:23:51.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5967" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-23T13:56:54.467" Score="1" ViewCount="3440" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium IDE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my Web application, while playing back the recorded events, some internal id in XPath expression gets changed dynamically. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: &lt;code&gt;(//*[@id='edit_1_undefined'])&lt;/code&gt; in this script, id 1 changes to 2 and so on.&#xA;So playback failed.&#xA;I need to update Id in Xpath manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any solution to this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5157" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-04-24T06:17:53.227" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T12:00:56.350" Title="How to handle dynamically updated params in XPath queries in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5967" CreationDate="2013-04-23T15:50:17.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've discovered one of the many flaws in automation, especially record n play automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either it make sure the app you are testing never changes its identifiers or you don't use record and replay and use code that can be more 'intelligent'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-04-23T15:50:17.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5969" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-23T20:00:45.103" Score="1" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;Developers and testers are obsessed with ensuring (or avioding) the reentrancy. Organizations always analyze it specially (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eetimes.com/General/PrintView/4024607&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; says: &lt;code&gt;Many functions must complete their execution and return before they're called again, in order to avoid problems&lt;/code&gt;). But what is so specific about it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, I can reenter in two ways: by (single-threaded) recursion and simultaneously, using two parallel threads. Why nobody tells about this or can say which of the cases is considered in the reentrancy issue? The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reentrancy_%28computing%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia article&lt;/a&gt; starts by ISR (which seem a kind of multi-threading), then continues with recurrence and then finishes introduction mentioning multi-threading. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, recurrence can be a problem. There can be stack overflow and we can forget to exit the loop in some cases. But why to call this re-entrancy problem? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multithreading has nothing to do with this. Mulththreading analysis concentrates around use of shared resourses. Yes, re-entrant function, executed simultaneously by two threads, will access the same global (shared) variable and care must be taken. But executing two different procedures simultaneously may also result in the same problem because the same global variable is not limited for access from this single (reentrant) procedure. Producer and consumer call different procedures. Why do not want you to do the same analysis for this case and use critical sections only in reentrant procedures? If you do not enclose your shared variable access to reentrant procedures (and nobody does) then why to treat them differently?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO, the recurrence and atomic access to shared objects in multithreading are two absolutely different problems, which have nothing to do with each other. Different analysis techniques are used to analyze them you must think differently when address them. Why to repeat these two analyses under the reentrancy pretext? What if I copy my function and one will call another or these sister functions will be called simultaneously? What if functions are not exact copies of each other? Can I overcome the reentrancy problem this way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5121" LastEditorUserId="5121" LastEditDate="2013-04-24T07:51:59.960" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T07:51:59.960" Title="What is so specific about reentrancy?" Tags="&lt;review&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-04-23T21:49:50.003" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5967" CreationDate="2013-04-23T21:29:30.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the problem with Selenium IDE or any other recorder for that matter. It doesn't deal with dynamic data very well. If you really want to solve this problem without switching tools, you can try to use an xpath with an static anchor that's higher up in the DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, you just start at //*[@id='edit_1_undefined'] and lets assume this element is an input field. Now lets just suppose that this is under a div with a static id of editList. You could do something like this;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id='editList']/input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's of course making a few assumptions about your layout, but hopefully that can help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you wanted to move to a related framework that gives you much more power, the underlying engine for selenium has an open API that many languages implement (Called webdriver). For example, there is watir-webdriver which is a ruby gem that lets you use the selenium engine (Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://watirwebdriver.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://watirwebdriver.com/&lt;/a&gt;). I believe Selenium IDE even lets you 'record' into ruby code directly, though I'm not sure how reliable it is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5159" LastActivityDate="2013-04-23T21:29:30.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5961" CreationDate="2013-04-24T12:38:26.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Overall best practices for testability is difficult, since that could involve whether the code &quot;hides&quot; defects (e.g. race conditions causing intermittent threading issues or difficult corner case issues). Usually testability goes hand in hand with good development practices: well documented code, following a coherent coding style standard, and good communication practices. Once you clear away the &quot;distraction&quot; defects due to inconsistent development practices, it is much easier for the team to address the more severe defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there was any one item that I would identify as an overall best practice, it would be to pay attention to accessibility. You touched on that in #2, but it goes farther than just providing unique screen object identifiers. Developing a well-organized web page structure that allows interaction with external text readers makes the app naturally compatible with GUI-based automation like Selenium and makes overall testing of the app much easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastEditorUserId="4744" LastEditDate="2013-04-24T12:46:44.707" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T12:46:44.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5041" CreationDate="2013-04-24T15:04:13.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many of the testers at my place of work are experts in the product domain, and have seen over-and-over what can go wrong.  Including them up front is almost always worth the effort. They will:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify potential problems, before implementation &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Help guide the development team during implementation  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be more effective with testing after implementation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T15:04:13.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-24T18:25:32.717" Score="3" ViewCount="2901" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Background&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my company we started to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://basecamp.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Basecamp&lt;/a&gt; for managing the project (mainly assigning work to developers). But unfortunately Basecamp on it's own doesn't have sufficient tools to track the bugs (the bug reports look like fairy tales missing crucial information). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I myself favor &lt;strong&gt;ClearQuest&lt;/strong&gt; for bug tracking as a compromise between easy to use and feature richness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Options - I found&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked around for what can be used (integrates) with basecamp and found following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://zapier.com/zapbook/github/basecamp/71/github-issue-basecamp-todo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Zappier&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;good as we already use guithub&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Basecamp Integrations&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://basecamp.com/extras#development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BugHerd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getdonedone.com/tour/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Donedone&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bugdigger.com/tour/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BugDigger&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Use a general issue tracker with 0 basecamp inter-operation (E.g. Bugzilla)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Write our own using basecamp API (who has time for that?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 and 2 are generally 15-30 USD per month for the minimalistic account. I'd prefer something for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any other recommendation?&#xA;Do you have experience with tools mentioned in 1 and 2?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are small team (less than 10 persons). 100 issues shall be enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2352" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T05:32:47.200" Title="Recommend issue tracker to be used with Basecamp" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5973" CreationDate="2013-04-24T19:14:22.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used Basecamp and Jira separately, and Zapier seems to integrate both of those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They also have a free subscription &lt;a href=&quot;https://zapier.com/app/pricing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fairly straightforward information here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://zapier.com/zapbook/basecamp/jira/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Integrate Basecamp with JIRA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find that your team is growing, or you need to integrate more issues you can always just subscribe to a higher tier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;+1 for Zapier&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5163" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T19:14:22.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5975" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-24T20:48:32.967" Score="6" ViewCount="1786" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a Silverlight based application. We've recorded the scripts using Load Runner 11.5 and while replaying to find dynamic values for correlation, we found out that the entire data in a business step is being stored in a BLOB (BinaryLargeOBject) and sent over an HTTPS request. The application uses BasicHTTP Binding with Windows Authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using Fiddler to capture the Request-Response XML and from them, we are trying to create Web Custom Requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the stumbling point for the entire scripting is the BLOB Object which we are unable to correlate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative, we also tried Web Services Protocol but we are getting &amp;quot;Expected SOAP Result, Received SOAP Fault&amp;quot; with an HTTP 500 Error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SOAP UI was also not able to launch the WSDL. It kept on loading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since it's a Silverlight based application it's bound to use a lot caching. Is our approach correct in load testing a Silverlight Application in the above-mentioned ways?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cause I feel that the entire application is downloaded to the Browser cache/temp files and then any further communication is carried out in the form of BLOBs over HTTPs Request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help in this regard is deeply appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5165" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-24T09:28:39.323" LastActivityDate="2020-08-24T09:28:39.323" Title="How to deserialize and correlate Binary Large Objects in Load Runner 11.5 Web Custom Request?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;silverlight&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="5976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5963" CreationDate="2013-04-24T21:32:00.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can suggest a few resources based on the Microsoft stack, i.e. using Visual Studio load testing tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vsptqrg.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://vsptqrg.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You aren't really tied to any of the tools, and you can do it with free tools as well, for example with Fiddler. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general approach would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) gather the usage profile - i.e. how many times each api is hit in the unit of time (an hour for ex)&#xA;b) write tests that simulate hitting each API&#xA;c) set a goal for your load test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you want to find out what the bottleneck is, try an incremental load (or if you want to be really fancy, a binary search goal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you want to do stress testing or to analyze response time under load, set a constant load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) configure your load test to run each individual test in such a way that you mimic the real usage profile; this is where it gets tricky and you many need to use a $$$ tool - because a single computer might not be able to generate enough traffic you may need to use several coordinated load agents &#xA;e) run the test and monitor the systems under test (there's a whole theory on what to monitor); professional tools like Visual Studio will choose a base set with what to monitor for you - they will also suggest thresholds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full Disclosure: I work for Microsoft &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5117" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T21:32:00.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-24T21:33:52.230" Score="1" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an agile environment, for sprints for small updates, what approaches to testing are recommended? Do we just do exploratory testing after the SUT has been built before releasing it or do we do both exploratory testing and run through some functional or regression test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional Info: We only have test cases for manual testing. We don't have any automated test cases yet as of this time as we're still working on creating them for future sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for all your input. Unfortunately, we do not have any automated test cases at this time as we're still creating them. Due to this, what we on the past SU sprints was manually test each task as soon as it gets to the ready for testing column then after all tasks are done, then once the small update is built on the 2nd to the last day of the sprint, everyone just did a manual and exploratory testing of workflows and some critical functional test cases. During downtime in the sprint whenever there's no task available in the testing column, testers just ad hoc around the application. We have about 7 testers in our team so its hard to keep them all busy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5166" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-04-25T20:34:03.110" LastActivityDate="2014-09-20T01:14:54.177" Title="Testing for SU Sprints" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5978" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-04-24T21:36:59.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Performance of an application is assessed by measuring the resource utilization and the end user response times(including network latency) and bandwidth. By measuring these quantities, we can establish an empirical performance baseline of the application in use. The baseline can then be used to detect changes in performance. Changes in performance can be correlated with external events and subsequently used to predict future changes in application performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5165" LastEditorUserId="5165" LastEditDate="2013-04-25T02:29:46.470" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T02:29:46.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5979" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-04-24T21:36:59.540" Score="0" Body="Performance testing is a subset of performance engineering, an emerging computer science practice which strives to build performance into the implementation, design and architecture of a system." OwnerUserId="5165" LastEditorUserId="5165" LastEditDate="2013-04-25T02:29:54.440" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T02:29:54.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5977" CreationDate="2013-04-24T22:27:41.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on what the small update is.  It might be a small change but it affects a lot of parts of the system e.g. Updating something in the db.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The testing shouldn't be tied to whether it is a small update or a big one, however defined.  It should be tied to how much you think is the effect of the given update.  A small but critical update may require extensive testing and the team should not rush to push out the change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T22:27:41.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2881" CreationDate="2013-04-24T22:29:18.173" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found that the deleteAllCookies function works differently in different browsers. DeleteAllCookies will delete all session data in Chrome, but only cookies in firefox. I'm still looking for a good way to delete session data in FF&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5168" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T22:29:18.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5977" CreationDate="2013-04-24T23:32:50.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is an update for an existing product then presumably you already have some tests for it and likely those tests are automated or can be started in a batch mode. Why would you not run all of them and then see which ones fail?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that's probably the first step once an update comes out of development. Then I'd take the list of failed tests and identify which failed because the update changed the way the test should work (changing API parameters or the physical page layout... etc). The rest should be regression bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you'll need to add new tests, into whatever testing framework you use, to actually test the features that were updated. This is where you have more flexibility. In my environment, we do the above steps and then manually verify the new features before adding automated tests (Post API/WSDL/watir-webdriver), then we throw the manually verified build on our &quot;preview&quot; environment for feedback / a place for customers view on upcoming features. Ideally we'd have the automated tests in place before that, but honestly in the agile world, it doesn't always work like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5159" LastActivityDate="2013-04-24T23:32:50.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5977" CreationDate="2013-04-25T11:51:19.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Suchit said, it depends a lot on the nature of the update. I've seen a one-line code change trigger a full regression because that one line happened to be in one of the core calculation engines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion for any development process, whether agile or not, is to have multiple suites of automated regression tests running on at minimum a daily basis. These tests should cover the core functionality of the application (or applications) and run against the most recent build available. That way, no matter what happens in development, you have no more than 24 hours between someone introducing a regression to core function and it being detected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't already have that level of automation, it will take time to build to it. In that case, I'd recommend getting a small slice of core function, preferably one that's used all the time (logging on is a good one, because you'll need that later anyway) into automated regression, then build on that. The automation process should ideally be its own development project - although I've yet to be fortunate enough to work somewhere where this occurs! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have no automation, while you're building it, I'd suggest identifying your steel thread/happy path test cases for the application, as well as which of them are going to be used in the process of getting to the new or changed functionality (for instance, if your application requires a valid login to function, every test will start with logging in, so there's no need to specifically regress that) and build a lightweight manual regression to run every time until  you can get the automation in place to remove the need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software, short of fixing typos in captions, there really is no such thing as a trivial change. I've seen a misplaced &quot;not&quot; break an entire system. If you've got comprehensive automated regression running daily, you can focus your manual testing on the areas most impacted by the change with exploration around it and know that any other critical regressions will be found by your automation. It's really a matter of best using the resources available to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This disconnected ramble brought to you by insufficient caffeine and too early in the morning - I hope there's something here you can use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-04-25T11:51:19.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5986" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-26T14:18:02.323" Score="4" ViewCount="19981" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on some Jmeter scripts, everything seems to work just fine; they got recorded and run properly (for a couple of users anyway).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem appears when I run the scripts for more than 50-60 users. In that case, the script runs, the listeners show me results and according the threads are finishing, they go to sleep, until the last 10% of them. At that point, the threads just hang and never stop. I don't see more results in the listeners, I don't receive any error or warning (neither on a dialog nor in the log panel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A script based on: 1) enter mainpage; 2) click on a link; 3) waits for&#xA;  load; 4) stop recording after page stop loading. Added some listeners&#xA;  (Tree view, Table and Summary report).&#xA;       Then, the script is run for one and 10 users/threads (launched at the same time), to check integrity. Everything works fine. The script is saved, the listeners cleaned up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The &quot;real test&quot; is meant to be run for, let's say, 100 users (the idea is go up to 500 users in the next stages of the project). The script is launched, listeners collect data, log panel shows me the threads' transactions, some of the threads start to finish. But, the last 10-15 threads never stop (in average, 10% of the original number of launched threads). I wait, literally for 2 hours and nothing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried on two computers, an Intel Core 2 Duo at 1.7GHz with 2GB of RAM, and then I tested on my main rig (Phenom X4 965, 4GB RAM), both with Windows 7 Pro. I run a third time on my notebook using Debian, Intel Pentium dual core at 2GHz, 4GB. In the three machines the exact same thing happens. It's something that doesn't happen for major sites (let's say, Wikipedia, NY.com).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, everythings point to a server problem, but what could be happening? And why Jmeter doesn't inform me about the situation (it just hangs, nothing more happen)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2258" LastEditorUserId="2258" LastEditDate="2013-04-26T14:23:03.530" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T00:54:22.430" Title="Jmeter's threads got stuck and never end" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5986" CreationDate="2013-04-26T15:55:55.980" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;AirieFenix, welcome to SQA.  Here are some possible problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your JMeter machine ran out of resources.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your server is overwhelmed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An intermediary (e.g. a proxy server or a load balancer on a DMZ machine) between your JMeter machine and the server is overwhelmed or is intentionally throttling network traffic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some ways to narrow things down:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One Jmeter hangs, try interacting with the server using a browser on the JMeter machine.  If that works, the problem is probably with JMeter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the browser fails, try interacting with the server using a browser on a different machine.  If that works, the problem is probably with JMeter, a resource problem on the JMeter machine, or an intermediary.  On the other hand, if the browser fails, the problem is on the server or an intermediary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you narrow down the problem to the server (and not to an intermediary), you should start looking at bottlenecks on the server.  For example, the server may be working as hard as it can (out of CPU cycles), or it might be trying to exceed the maximum number of database connections, or it might be waiting on a long-running database query.  How you measure those things depends on information you didn't include in your question (e.g. operating system, database vendor, database interface,  programming language). If you don't know how to do that yourself, one of your developers ought to be able to help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-04-26T15:55:55.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5988" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5993" CreationDate="2013-04-27T19:10:06.330" Score="3" ViewCount="16772" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw a job ad for a QA Architect. I realized that I don't know what is the role of QA Architect in a team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what does a QA Architect do in a team and what skill does he need to have both in terms of soft-skills and technical skills?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I would like to know if working as a developer, system engineer, QA Engineer and QA Developer is relevant for that position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2904" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2013-05-17T20:53:57.987" LastActivityDate="2021-03-17T03:04:18.407" Title="What does a QA Architect do in a team, and what skills are needed for this job?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-architect&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5988" CreationDate="2013-04-27T19:49:21.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I could give you my best guess, but really you ought to ask them.  Titles and responsibilities vary from one company to the next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-04-27T19:49:21.777" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5990" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="5992" CreationDate="2013-04-28T00:40:07.687" Score="0" ViewCount="216" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a free webapp I develop and I use a feature request system where each user gets limited votes and it works great. Since I don't get paid for this though, I was thinking of turning the most time-consuming feature requests (that are in line with my vision) into mini, crowdfunded projects, where I tell users how much money it would take for me to work on them and they can pledge money towards making it happen. When a feature reaches its goal, I would start working on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might not sound like a QA question so far, but I'm worried that this might have unintentional cultural side effects and cause a lashback from users. Has anyone done anything like this before? What should I be worried about and what can I do to ensure that I maintain a good relationship with users? I don't want them to feel like I'm blackmailing them or anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5179" LastActivityDate="2013-04-30T13:46:26.927" Title="Crowdfunded feature request system - would it make users hate me?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5918" CreationDate="2013-04-28T05:01:09.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;The short answer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've been tricked into asking the wrong question by a process that is not designed to actually provide you any guidance your day-to-day tasks. See the pithy Q&amp;amp;A on the Programmers site for a pragmatic take on this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/175393/iso-12207-verification-of-integration-and-unit-test-validation&quot;&gt;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/175393/iso-12207-verification-of-integration-and-unit-test-validation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The &quot;correct&quot; (but probably useless) answer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You &quot;follow&quot; ISO 12207 by using the vocabulary it defines, and identifying which parts of your process map to that vocabulary. That is all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_12207&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISO/IEC 12207&lt;/a&gt; article on Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The standard has the &lt;strong&gt;main objective of supplying a common structure&lt;/strong&gt; so&#xA;  that the buyers, suppliers, developers, maintainers, operators,&#xA;  managers and technicians involved with the software development &lt;strong&gt;use a&#xA;  common language.&lt;/strong&gt; This common language is established in the form of&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;well defined processes.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(emphasis added)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be clear, ISO 12207 never tells you &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; to do anything; it is completely silent on implementation details. It's just a big glossary, combined with an ideal process map. Here's a quote from a short 2002 paper on integrating ISO 12207 with the Rational Unified Process (RUP), titled &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.upedu.org/references/papers/pdf/ISO12207RUPv3.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How the Rational Unified Process Supports ISO 12207&lt;/a&gt;&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;These classes [of processes] can be organized in views, and decomposed&#xA;  into activities, themselves decomposed in[to] tasks. ISO 12207 stops,&#xA;  however, at the level of activities and it only occasionally mentions&#xA;  specific tasks, although never in a mandatory fashion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you're performing &quot;Module Testing&quot; during the &quot;Software Development&quot; phase, congratulations: you're following ISO 12207! That's true even if you define &quot;Module Testing&quot; to mean flicking jelly beans at your keyboard, and &quot;Software Development&quot; to mean coming into the office and browsing Pinterest all day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;A slightly more useful answer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are practical ways to approach this, if its really necessary. Here's a few I can think of. All of these have had some non-zero value for me on one or projects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Static analysis (as you already mentioned)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code inspections (peer reviews)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Architecture reviews: comparing modules to block/UML diagrams, for example&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inspection of the dependency injections or plugins, like Spring framework artifacts, for example&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bill of Materials (BoM) verification: checksums, file manifests, third-party libraries, etc. Worse than useless if not automated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And a couple that I've had to do, but never really seen any value from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements mapping: tracking which functions or tests cover which written requirement(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional hand-offs: formal release of build/package artifacts to QA, a.k.a. &quot;throw it over the wall and run&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5180" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2013-04-28T05:01:09.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5990" CreationDate="2013-04-28T22:41:18.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Of course&lt;/em&gt; it will have unintended side effects - that's what &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; happens when you crowdsource something, you'll have to expect the same with crowdfunding. The crowd is fickle, you never know what they will come up with, how they will respond, what kinds of natural leaders will emerge - that is a given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I had to guess, what will happen is this: Once people feel like they are paying for features, they'll no longer tolerate what they would have when things were free. They will want their feature delivered as they expected (heck, it's their dime now, not yours). And if you fail to deliver even once, expect a severe reaction. Their quality expectations will be much higher than before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you haven't mentioned your webapp, and I don't know which one it is. But I've used lots of free sites before. Once they went to a pay model, that's usually when I left. There are almost always perfectly viable alternatives for free webapps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. Tread carefully. Expect the unexpected. Come back and let us know how it turns out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Dan Ariely in &quot;Predictably Irrational&quot; talks about a huge difference between Free and any  other price. People act in &quot;predictable, if not always rational&quot; ways when things are free. It's an interesting read.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-04-30T13:46:26.927" LastActivityDate="2013-04-30T13:46:26.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5988" CreationDate="2013-04-28T22:46:09.130" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I never see common agreement on any software-related titles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some shops where I have worked &quot;Architect&quot; implies a thinker, not a doer. For QA Architect, it means someone who thinks about QA, researches and suggests improved methods and metrics. Sometimes it's someone who trains others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other shops, &quot;Architect&quot; just means &quot;very Senior&quot;. It's the top-level tester in the shop. Nothing more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your mileage may vary. Consult the job ads themselves for hints as to what &quot;QA Architect&quot; means for that particular company. And if you apply and get an interview, ask lots of questions. That is the &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; way you will know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-04-28T22:46:09.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5994" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-29T04:40:49.183" Score="1" ViewCount="2642" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have a web app .License is given to the customer to use it.What could be the possible test scenarios that has to be checked before deploying it.I have found out a few &#xA;1)Change the server time zone .&#xA;2)Make the server move across different time zones &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me with other scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5184" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T12:47:07.910" Title="What are the different test scenarios to be checked for giving license to a client" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5994" CreationDate="2013-04-29T07:17:53.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on your question this were my &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;License Scenarios&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You haven't mentioned what type of license it is,Based on that the license Scenario's will vary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general the license key might be of three types &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Text key&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Key file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hardware key&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Text key&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trial period is often present in this scheme. We’ll consider the check-list with it as it’s more complicated – for the scheme without trial period some tests will be simply omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s recommended to check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the limitations of the application functionality (if there is such during the trial period) and correspondingly the availability of the full functionality after the successful licensing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the possibility of licensing during the trial period&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;application response to the input of the incorrect registration data (if the key consists of the several fields then you should make the separate test for the each of them):&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;а. Key is corrupted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. Key is absent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c. Key is typed in the wrong case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d. Key contains the extra symbols at the end and/or at the beginning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;application response to the input of the correct registration data&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;application response to the input of the registration data provided for the previous versions of the tested application&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;unlicensed application behavior after it has been reinstalled during the trial period&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;application behavior after the trial period is over&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;unlicensed application behavior after it has been reinstalled after the trial period is over&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;application response to the system time change forward/backward (the most important here is to keep the trial period correct). Take into account that the system time change should be performed in BIOS because the one performed in the operating system does not have much effect.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the possibility to register application after the trial period is over.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;application behavior after the registration data has been deleted, for example from the registry (usually after registration the deletion of these data is disabled).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;licensed application behavior after it was reinstalled.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key file&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you should pay attention on the aspects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using a file with the correct name but with incorrect content and vice versa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Starting application after the file was deleted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Saving the file while the application is being reinstalled.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Application behavior after the file has been replaced:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. correct -&gt; incorrect,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. correct -&gt; correct,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c. incorrect -&gt; correct,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d. incorrect -&gt; incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hardware key&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We should check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Application functioning with no special software for hardware key installed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Application functioning without hardware key.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unplugging hardware key while the application is running (here we should take into account 2 situations: application has some process run and application is in the standby mode):&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. Permissible waiting time for the key plugging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. Correct application behavior after the unplugged key is returned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;с. Correct application behavior if the waiting time is over and the key was not plugged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application functioning if there are some other devices akin to the hardware key plugged (for example, if the key is USB device then it’s good to check its functioning together with flash drive).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="2859" LastEditDate="2013-04-29T12:47:07.910" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T12:47:07.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5990" CreationDate="2013-04-29T07:36:19.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on how invested your audience is in your application. I have paid up for premium features in free apps and donated to open source products, when I've used the applications extensively for work or even personal use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then, as Joe mentioned the crowd can be very unpredictable. Certainly, expectations will be much higher, once there are paying users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2581" LastActivityDate="2013-04-29T07:36:19.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-29T18:44:45.883" Score="4" ViewCount="268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been looking for some good conferences to attend and recommend to colleagues.  Looking up on Google and some sites, I thought it would be a good idea to create a list of SQA conferences, the place and the time of the year they are organized with the feedback from the individuals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The format that I was thinking of is to have an answer for each conference, and people can +1 if they recommend the conference and post comments on why they think so or if they feel otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now I will just list some in my answer, and based on the feedback one of us can convert to an answer for each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: If you just want to check out a list of conferences, here's a good link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getzephyr.com/resources/qa_conferences.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.getzephyr.com/resources/qa_conferences.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-05-01T23:10:56.770" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T19:51:08.193" Title="Software Quality Assurance Conferences - List and recommendations" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;conference&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="5998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5997" CreationDate="2013-04-29T18:44:45.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pnsqc.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PNSQC&lt;/a&gt; (Pacific Northwest) - Mid October - Portland, OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-05-01T16:52:22.960" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T16:52:22.960" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-04-29T18:44:45.883" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6000" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-04-29T23:59:58.113" Score="5" ViewCount="2661" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a wishlist for code coverage tools and am wondering if people could recommend some tools that fulfill all or many of my wishes.  I am starting my search for tools that work specifically with .net code, but will also need a tool for Java code as well, so recommendations for either would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration with my continuous integration tool - TeamCity to run during unit test execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run against a deployed service or web service to track coverage during execution of automated and/or manual tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to merge results from multiple runs - I want to see combined coverage from all tests and then split it up to see results from unit tests vs functional automation vs manual regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to show coverage for specific executed tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently evaluating NCover 4.0 for .net which is very promising, but can be expensive to license.  I wanted to do a fair comparison to other tools before investing in the cost of NCover.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T15:58:53.880" Title="Recommendations for code coverage tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5388" CreationDate="2013-04-30T19:27:23.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;use Jmeter and recording with proxy. Set proxy to internet explorer as all app shared that settings. And depend on the chat application, you can create a test case and then run that. For basic idea on jmter, you may see my blog(&lt;a href=&quot;http://shantonusarker.blogspot.com/p/jmeter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://shantonusarker.blogspot.com/p/jmeter.html&lt;/a&gt;) or you may mail to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5192" LastActivityDate="2013-04-30T19:27:23.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6000" CreationDate="2013-04-30T19:30:29.853" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dot net's build in Unit test and NUnit can resolve all of your needs...and for Java, Junit is the best . You may choose TestNG. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5192" LastActivityDate="2013-04-30T19:30:29.853" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5977" CreationDate="2013-05-01T00:48:04.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a huge fan of relying primarily on exploratory testing, possibly with checklists of features or James Bach's &quot;Session Based Testing&quot; approach, for the majority (or all) of the manual testing work.  I find checklists or sessions help to avoid holes in exploratory testing.  I prefer to run through manual test scripts / test cases only once I am confident that they will probably pass - meaning late in the sprint.  There are several reasons for this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I find I hit the important issues that customers will care about faster when I perform exploratory testing than I do when using manual test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual test cases can be inspired when you perform an action while doing exploratory testing and either find a bug (should become a regression test) or find yourself thinking, &quot;This is an action I should try again later.&quot;  You can make a note while testing, and then come back to it later to write a full script (if a script is needed for your team).  This means that exploratory testing also becomes a manual test case design activity.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IME, test cases and scripts in general are better for verifying functionality than for finding bugs.  I want to find bugs early, so we have time to fix them.  Later in the cycle, I'm usually more concerned about making sure everything is working well enough to ship.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I really don't like scripted manual test cases (in part because the return on effort is so low, in part because they are boring), and don't want to perform them more than once.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I prefer even more to combine automated tests with exploratory testing and not perform any scripted manual tests at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are planning to automate tests in future sprints, manual scripted tests may have some additional value as precursors to that automation - but I would still encourage you to focus on exploratory testing at first as your main method of finding bugs, and use scripted test cases to verify that the functionality that you most care about works before release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T00:48:04.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-01T11:39:40.977" Score="1" ViewCount="388" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there something or an automation test tool that is free that I could be using to enhance my skills in automation? My company is not allowing me to grow in my field, and this is not good.  They do not see the value of automation. I need a tool that will be able to test both a windows application with telerik grids and a web based application that uses silverlight.  All help would be greatly appreciated. Selenium will not cut-it.  I like HP QTP, but my company will not pay for license.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5199" LastActivityDate="2013-05-06T06:51:06.667" Title="Looking for growth in automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6007" CreationDate="2013-05-01T12:22:00.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Java, Perl or Python are all free with excellent online resources.&#xA;You need to sharpen your programming skills, the tool is less important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T12:22:00.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6009" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-01T14:05:20.553" Score="-2" ViewCount="4383" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I write test strategy in simple way by referring Functional requirement document. and Business requirement document.  What are the bullet points?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2013-05-02T11:31:58.993" LastActivityDate="2013-05-02T11:31:58.993" Title="How to write Test Strategy" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-05-07T16:29:38.980" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5997" CreationDate="2013-05-01T16:51:13.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://stareast.techwell.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;STAREAST&lt;/a&gt; - Last week of April to 1st week of May - Orlando, FL, USA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T16:51:13.347" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-05-01T16:51:13.347" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5997" CreationDate="2013-05-01T16:52:59.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://starwest.techwell.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;STARWEST&lt;/a&gt; - - Last week of September to 1st week of October - Anaheim, CA, USA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T16:52:59.370" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-05-01T16:52:59.370" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6007" CreationDate="2013-05-01T17:37:17.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While you can use tools like QTP or even UIAutomation directly (the replacement for MSAA in OS's since Windows 7) it isn't really ideal for Silverlight automation.  To really have the control you need to write good Silverlight automation you need access to the Silverlight properties in the xap.  Here's a list of some tools that work for Silverlight testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/silverlight-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/silverlight-selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://statlight.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://statlight.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/silverlight-testing.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/silverlight-testing.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I have not used any of the above tools, but have heard of/read of them before and they all seem capable of automating the Silverlight side of things.  If I were you I would not try to look for a tool that will work for both (although there may be some out there) because Silverlight automation has unique requirements compared to windows applications and there are far fewer tools out there.  There are a TON of tools for windows application automation that can be found with little effort by searching.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your situation I would definitely pick one of the two things to automate and not try to tackle both at once.  Once you have something solid in place and have proven the benefit, then you can move on to the other one (hopefully with some support from management this time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T17:37:17.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5997" CreationDate="2013-05-01T21:19:28.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/google-test-automation-conference/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GTAC&lt;/a&gt;, the Google Test Automation Conference, is a small conference hosted by Google. It is by invitation only, but you can apply to be invited. In 2013 they invited about 200 people to attend. They also streamed the event live, and now provide a recording of the event. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T21:19:28.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5997" CreationDate="2013-05-01T21:22:39.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Better Software Conference is held once in the east and once in the west each year, each time in conjunction with an agile conference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://adc-bsc-west.techwell.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://adc-bsc-west.techwell.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://adc-bsc-east.techwell.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://adc-bsc-east.techwell.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T21:22:39.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6009" CreationDate="2013-05-01T21:45:15.340" Score="9" Body="&lt;h2&gt;A simple test strategy can only guarantee a simple assessment of quality.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/presentations/strategy.pdf&quot;&gt;James Bach&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The purpose of a test strategy is to clarify the major tasks and challenges of the test project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can (and probably should) expand &quot;tasks and challenges&quot; to mean &quot;goals, activities, deliverables, constraints, risks, and dependencies.&quot; Given that, your test strategy should answer his later question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How will you &lt;em&gt;cover the product&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;assess quality&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all the business requires is a simple assessment of quality, by all means, stick to a simple strategy. I've found that these cases are the exception, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;1. What's the goal?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start by committing to a description of goals of this effort. Note that there are valid business reasons for saying something like: &quot;The purpose of this testing effort is primarily to verify that the same tests we've manually run for the past six months still fail to detect any defects in the product.&quot; It's not a grand goal, but neither is it a deceptive, corner-cutting goal, &lt;em&gt;if everyone agrees that that really is the goal.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your project may require serious compromise. Here's some other goals that may sound like cheating, but that I've seen used to get everyone on board with the testing effort. (The wording may show some dramatic license, but no dishonesty.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Robotically execute the predefined list of manual tests so that we can report compliance with obscure government regulations before an immovable date.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Verify only the newest changes, and the lightest possible sampling of legacy features, to show that this week's release is better than the one that broke customers last week and to give us the time to do it right.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Use the full set of automated tests and the P1 and P2 manual tests to ensure backwards compatibility at all costs, even if it means that we pull that new feature for the second time, in favor of low-risk stability fixes.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I focus here on &quot;emergency&quot; situations, because they emphasize the need to balance business and functional requirements. Each of these one-line descriptions briefly address both parts of the main question: &quot;How will you cover the product and assess quality?&quot; They also imply some responses to the functional (what you will verify?) and business (for what purpose?) requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;2. What will you do to meet the goal?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's where you describe the balance between running existing manual and automated tests, performing exploratory testing, and investing (hopefully) in new automation. Back your decisions up with data, and projected costs in time and people. Weigh those costs against the need to plan for the future. Questions you want to consider in this section include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long will it take for new automation to pay for itself?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How productive are our manual tests at finding defects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How experienced are our testers with the product?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much of the product is affected by these changes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can we rely on existing and/or new dev unit tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, also, is where you most directly address the Functional requirements. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What types of tests are most likely to reveal defects introduced with these changes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which areas are most likely to have defects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If this module failed, or if this requirement was incorrectly implemented, what would be the impact to the user?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the original planning for this product went well, most of your Business requirements should be covered by Functional requirements. But there's always some that aren't necessarily Functional. Such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the performance delta over last release?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are we vulnerable to data loss or theft in some new way?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the new stuff look mostly like the old stuff?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will customers actually be able to use this for the intended purpose?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could spend forever on this section. Keep focused on the goal, and stop when it's clear how you'll meet it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;3. How will you show that you met the goal?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This step tends to get skipped in smaller organizations, or in big ones that might view QA as an enemy instead of a partner. You need to have a way to demonstrate the results of all your hard work. It doesn't matter how much you got accomplished if you can't show that work to those who make the final decisions. Again, be frank here about what you can measure and what you can't. Some helpful metrics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirement coverage, mapped to test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run, Pass, and Fail results for your sets of manual and automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defects found while still in active development (earlier is better!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defects found after code freeze&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity and priority of open defects over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Timeline comparing new code changes and new defects found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of these are enough by themselves; they all work together. Also, here's a couple to avoid, if at all possible. These are either useless, or directly harmful to the organization:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of tests executed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any &quot;per-tester&quot; metrics (defects found, hours spent, tests authored, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;4. What can you use to get the job done?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the things that are under your control. What can you depend on having available to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions that need answering here include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much time and/or money do we have?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many people?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What hardware and software are available?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much time will we need to setup, or learn the product or tools?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also a good place to call out your understanding of what is most flexible on this project: schedule, scope, or resources?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;5. What's outside your control, but has to happen anyway?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most projects need at least a few things that they can't get themselves. At a minimum, you'll need something to test!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is where you define your pre-conditions for each activity and deliverable you listed above. If there's anything missing from those sections that you have to have, it goes here. Other candidates:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;We can't start tesing module X until we have (or know) ...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;We don't have anyone on the team who knows about technology Y. This prevents us from ...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Bob is out during milestone Z. We'll need additional help or a change in scope there.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;6. What might, realistically, prevent you from meeting the goal?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependencies are a good place to start looking; what happens if you don't get what you need, or if the planned thing falls through? What events (scheduled or otherwise) have pulled resources away from previous efforts? Is any of the planning based on staff that haven't been hired, or assets not yet acquired? How often have requirements or schedule changed in the past?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've got a good list of these, come up with a brief response plan for each. It will almost always mean a change in either schedule or scope. Sometimes extra resources may be brought on, but it's rarely as useful as anyone wants it to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Summary&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Test Strategy document is your very best tool for communicating your hard work to those outside the organization. A simple bullet list &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt; be all you need, but it's more likely that you're passing up an opportunity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Know your goal. Be clear and open on your priorities and plans, and be flexible when they must change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5180" LastActivityDate="2013-05-01T21:45:15.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6016" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6024" CreationDate="2013-05-02T10:15:46.013" Score="2" ViewCount="38537" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run the below code but getting error. Can you please point out the issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class SelTe2 {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    FirefoxProfile firefoxProfile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;    firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;network.proxy.type&quot;, 2);&#xA;    firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;network.proxy.autoconfig_url&quot;, &quot;http://wpadhinj.techmahindra.com/wpad.dat&quot;);&#xA;    firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;network.proxy.no_proxies_on&quot;, &quot;localhost&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Open Bing Search Engine&#xA;    WebDriver wd = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxProfile);&#xA;    wd.get(&quot;http://www.bing.com/?cc=in&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Search for Kotak and navigate to Net Banking Secure Login &#xA;    WebElement we1 = wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@title, 'search')]&quot;));&#xA;    we1.sendKeys(&quot;kotak&quot;);&#xA;    we1.sendKeys(Keys.RETURN);&#xA;    wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a/strong[text()='Kotak']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//li/a[text()='Net Banking']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a/img[@title='NetBanking Secure Login']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    // Switch to child window&#xA;    for (String handles : wd.getWindowHandles()) {&#xA;        if (!wd.getTitle().contains(wd.getWindowHandle())){&#xA;            wd.switchTo().window(handles);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Wait for 15 sec. while page loads&#xA;    wd.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    // Enter Username and Password&#xA;    wd.findElement(By.name(&quot;Username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;selenium&quot;);&#xA;    wd.findElement(By.name(&quot;Password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;selenium&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }    &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error Description: -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;name&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Username&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 15.06 seconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.31.0', revision: '1bd294d', time: '2013-02-27 20:53:56'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.6.0_43'&#xA;Session ID: 73e4a32c-9447-4242-a13b-7bc5a9f21406&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{platform=XP, acceptSslCerts=true, javascriptEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, rotatable=false, locationContextEnabled=true, version=20.0.1, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, databaseEnabled=true, handlesAlerts=true, browserConnectionEnabled=true, nativeEvents=true, webStorageEnabled=true, applicationCacheEnabled=true, takesScreenshot=true}]&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:187)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:145)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:554)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:307)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByName(RemoteWebDriver.java:380)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByName.findElement(By.java:292)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:299)&#xA;    at SelTe2.main(SelTe2.java:44)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler$UnknownServerException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;name&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Username&quot;}&#xA;Build info: version: '2.31.0', revision: '1bd294d', time: '2013-02-27 20:53:56'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.6.0_43'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_(file:///C:/DOCUME~1/SS0041~1/LOCALS~1/Temp/anonymous5139644307112851862webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver_component.js:8281)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.fxdriver.Timer.prototype.setTimeout/&amp;lt;.notify(file:///C:/DOCUME~1/SS0041~1/LOCALS~1/Temp/anonymous5139644307112851862webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver_component.js:382)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2013-05-03T05:48:28.840" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T17:03:18.483" Title="Selenium Webdriver | Unable to locate element error" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6017" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-02T15:54:17.030" Score="1" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a lot of cursors in the map. Every time you refresh the map you  will get another different cursors with different IDs, o I can't use the IDs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to click at any cursor, a tooltip should appear when I click any of them.&#xA;I've tried lots of things but I can't do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All cursor details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;map id=&quot;gmimap208&quot; name=&quot;gmimap208&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;area log=&quot;miw&quot; coords=&quot;11,0,12,1,13,2,14,3,14,4,14,5,14,6,14,7,14,8,14,9,14,10,13,11,12,12,12,13,11,14,10,15,10,16,9,17,9,18,8,19,7,20,7,20,7,19,6,18,6,17,5,16,4,15,4,14,3,13,2,12,2,11,1,10,1,9,0,8,0,7,0,6,0,5,1,4,1,3,2,2,2,1,4,0,11,0&quot; shape=&quot;poly&quot; title=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/map&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;gmnoprint&quot; style=&quot;width: 15px; height: 21px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; opacity: 0.01; left: 373px; top: 370px; z-index: 2000;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img style=&quot;position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 15px; height: 21px; -moz-user-select: none; border: 0px none; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot; src=&quot;/img/property_icons/free/normal.png&quot; draggable=&quot;false&quot; usemap=&quot;#gmimap226&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;map id=&quot;gmimap226&quot; name=&quot;gmimap226&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath for cursor 1 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/div[5]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/div[3]/div[2]/div[50]/map/area&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath for cursor 2 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/div[5]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/div[3]/div[2]/div[25]/map/area&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath for cursor 3 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/div[5]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/div[3]/div[2]/div[9]/map/area&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CSS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;html.win body.rtl div.content-for-layout div#page-container table tbody tr td div#Map div div div div div div.gmnoprint map#gmimap83 area&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;area log=&quot;miw&quot; coords=&quot;11,0,12,1,13,2,14,3,14,4,14,5,14,6,14,7,14,8,14,9,14,10,13,11,12,12,12,13,11,14,10,15,10,16,9,17,9,18,8,19,7,20,7,20,7,19,6,18,6,17,5,16,4,15,4,14,3,13,2,12,2,11,1,10,1,9,0,8,0,7,0,6,0,5,1,4,1,3,2,2,2,1,4,0,11,0&quot; shape=&quot;poly&quot; title=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer;&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4901" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-06-02T06:51:49.620" LastActivityDate="2013-06-02T06:51:49.620" Title="How to locate cursors randomly in a map?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6017" CreationDate="2013-05-02T18:37:07.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There seem to be two problems in your question: how to you locate the cursors (clickable parts of the map), and how do you determine whether a tooltip appears when you click a cursor.  You did not explicitly ask about the second problem, so I will assume you are mostly interested in the first part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all of your cursors are &lt;code&gt;area&lt;/code&gt; elements, you might try using an Xpath like &lt;code&gt;//area&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-05-02T18:37:07.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6019" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-03T07:37:40.670" Score="5" ViewCount="2101" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a newb at selenium thing.&#xA;I have image map area and on click event of this area a function is firing where the click Event Object is being passed to do some calculation.&#xA;I have recorded the scenario with Selenium IDE and it produced Click command for it.&#xA;What I see is that it enters into the function but the event object not got.&#xA;I tried fireEvent and set value Click instead of Click. The result is same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody please guide me to anything ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Image map area :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;map&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;area shape=&quot;poly&quot; alt=&quot;frontTrunk&quot; onclick=&quot;setPositionCheck('frontTrunk');checkPosition($('bodyDiv'),event);&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/map&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;js function :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function checkPosition(obj, event) {&#xA;    var bodyImgPos = findPos($(Prefix + &quot;bodyImg&quot;));&#xA;    var bodyImg = $(Prefix + &quot;bodyImg&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    pos_x = event.pageX ? (event.pageX - bodyImgPos[0]) : (event.offsetX);&#xA;    pos_y = event.pageY ? (event.pageY - bodyImgPos[1]) : (event.offsetY);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE source&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;fireEvent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=area[alt=&amp;amp;quot;frontTrunk&amp;amp;quot;]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5211" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-06T16:28:20.460" LastActivityDate="2018-09-24T09:01:08.347" Title="How to get the Event Object of the Click event on Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6021" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6033" CreationDate="2013-05-03T10:48:04.537" Score="0" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;The shop I work for has recently switched to Agile/Scrum software development.  We've started logging User Stories, and defining their scope with Acceptance Criteria.  So, we have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Features defined by&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One or more User Stories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Stories defined by&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One or more Acceptance Criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance Criteria validated by&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One or more Test Cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One or more Unit Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're now starting to look into Test Case Management software for the QA guys.  The idea being that it will help manage their growing number of Test Cases.  We've been told that with proper TCM software we can associate Test Cases with Requirements (Acceptance Criteria) such that the Test Cases are flagged whenever their associated Requirement changes.  The idea being that a QA member would then update the Test Cases as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, as a developer, I would like something very similar for my unit tests.  Ideally, whenever a Requirement changes, I would like my associated Unit Test to fail.  This will let me know that all my unit tests are always up to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does such a system exist?&#xA;Is there a magical system that will let you manage your Requirements, Test Cases, and allow you to break your unit tests when Requirements change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, I would like my build to fail whenever a Feature has been extended (i.e., has had new Requirements added).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5122" LastEditorUserId="5122" LastEditDate="2013-05-04T12:13:45.583" LastActivityDate="2013-05-06T11:08:38.487" Title="How to automatically break Unit Tests when their related Requirements change (before any code change)" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5330" CreationDate="2013-05-03T10:52:49.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very Simple in C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement chkBox = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;some id &quot;));&#xA;if (chkBox.Selected) {&#xA;  //perform actions &#xA;} else {&#xA;  //perform actions&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5214" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-05-03T16:59:32.800" LastActivityDate="2013-05-03T16:59:32.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6000" CreationDate="2013-05-03T16:03:43.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If price is an issue, you can use ncover 1.5, which is still open source on sourceforge.  Another option is coverity test advisor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1423" LastEditorUserId="1423" LastEditDate="2013-05-03T16:10:05.747" LastActivityDate="2013-05-03T16:10:05.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6016" CreationDate="2013-05-03T17:07:42.633" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your comment you mentioned that the element is within a &amp;lt;frameset&gt; \ &amp;lt;frame&gt;.  To work with any element within a frame, you need to first switch the context of the driver from the main page to that frame:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&quot;foo&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example &quot;foo&quot; would be the name of the iframe.  You can also do it by index if the frame has no name value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to switch back to the main page, outside of the frame you would use:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a little more detail in the documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Look for switchTo().frame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-05-03T17:07:42.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6000" CreationDate="2013-05-03T22:32:51.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Feb 10 2016 Update&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the .net world mstest continues to provide code coverage. We also worked on integrating the Microsoft build technologies (msbuild, TeamBuild and the new TFS Build) with SonarQube. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudioalm/2015/08/24/build-tasks-for-sonarqube-analysis/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudioalm/2015/08/24/build-tasks-for-sonarqube-analysis/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Btw, TFS build also supports Java builds (via Maven, Ant and Gradle) and you can enable code coverage there. For Maven you even enable SonarQube analysis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Original answer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio 2012 has a pretty good code coverage tool. I have used it to measure code coverage of a web service. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is easy to integrate into build systems, you have out of the box support for TeamBuild (the  TFS build) - see a more detailed article &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd537628.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd537628.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;msdn&lt;/a&gt; it has result merging. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code coverage is also integrated in Microsoft Test Manager, so you can have manual testers do a round of testing on your service and at the end see how much of the code they actually hit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5117" LastEditorUserId="5117" LastEditDate="2016-02-10T15:58:53.880" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T15:58:53.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6021" CreationDate="2013-05-03T22:41:09.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at Microsoft Test Manager. Although not dependent on .net, it is fully integrated with Team Foundation System - so if you're not using TFS for work item management / scrum process - it will not work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does allow you to define standard and custom relationship and you can create your own transitions to invalidate tests if that is what you wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5117" LastActivityDate="2013-05-03T22:41:09.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6000" CreationDate="2013-05-04T21:58:38.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look at Sonar: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarsource.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sonarsource.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is pretty good for any static test methods. Perfect for Java (plenty of metrics and plugins) okay for .NET (many metrics).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2013-05-04T21:58:38.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6000" CreationDate="2013-05-05T02:08:27.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can't help with .net as I mainly have experience at a java shop.  We use a combo of sonar and Jacoco. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jacoco&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just installed it on the machines where we execute our service tests and the reports it generates are nice and can be integrated into CI easily (using ant).  It's actively worked on, and has a Maven plug-in.  The coolest feature for me is using the java agent to monitor lines of code used during testing.  Also has a feature to combine reports.  So you could, in theory, take unit, service, and regression testing coverage reports and combine them together (pretty damn cool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that covers all your requirements, but of course not .net...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2013-05-05T02:08:27.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6007" CreationDate="2013-05-05T02:34:48.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you heard of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It automates based on images.  So you could use it for windows and web applications.  It's pretty cool but a little odd, but may suit your needs.  It is everyone's favorite price, free.  I never got very far in using it because I work mainly in the web space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2013-05-05T02:34:48.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6007" CreationDate="2013-05-06T06:51:06.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you read anything by &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Cecil_Martin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robert &quot;Uncle Bob&quot; Martin&lt;/a&gt;? If you want growth in automation, I would invest some of your time and start reading his books. His books are not tool specific however it covers the fundamental principles of software development which will aid you in your growth as a developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4513" LastActivityDate="2013-05-06T06:51:06.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6032" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-06T11:01:41.710" Score="4" ViewCount="11042" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just want to know why it is I should go for Geb automation.&#xA;What are the advantages of using Geb automation over selenium Web driver or Robot framework.&#xA;I would like to know regarding following feature:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PageObject support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jQuery content selection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good integration with BDD frameworks like Spock, Cucumber etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please describe in detail how these features are beneficial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5224" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2013-06-06T03:41:57.013" LastActivityDate="2013-07-06T03:48:58.233" Title="What is the difference between Geb automation tool and Selenium web driver?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;geb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6021" CreationDate="2013-05-06T11:08:38.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the test framework you are using. The frameworks I know allow you to define your own assertions. With that, you could define a time based assertion like &lt;code&gt;assertSpecifiedBefore(&amp;lt;specification&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;date&amp;gt;)&lt;/code&gt;, which checks the last modification date of the specification is not newer than the date of test creation (&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;date&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5200" LastActivityDate="2013-05-06T11:08:38.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6034" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6038" CreationDate="2013-05-07T01:24:22.873" Score="3" ViewCount="11280" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tests split to few test sets under the same folder. I can use the Live Analysis tab in order to see the number of tests in the folder. I wonder how can I see a number of tests per test set? Seems something very trivial but I can't figure out how this might be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;: It seems that a similar question was answered &lt;a href=&quot;http://h30499.www3.hp.com/t5/Quality-Center-Support-and-News/hp-qc-test-lab-s-test-set-s-test-cases-count/td-p/4665309&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; but I don't know how to use these commands in QC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastEditorUserId="2551" LastEditDate="2013-05-07T01:29:26.627" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T06:20:44.167" Title="How to calculate the number of tests in a test set in QC?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8792" CreationDate="2013-05-07T09:58:41.330" Score="4" ViewCount="1367" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to push my organisation into more modern ways of testing our mobile software, thus I'm trying to build a list of tools that I can use to present to my line manager and his bosses.&#xA;By testing I mean either allow for automated testing or just to keep tracking of unit and functionality testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The platform that need to be supported are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iOS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows Mobile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows Phone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Support for Blackberry and others is optional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; looking for tools that only allow for web apps testing, &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; native apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/solutions/mobile/&quot;&gt;Borland Silk Mobile&lt;/a&gt;, as part of the Borland Silk suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that there are a lot of tools available for web apps but not that many for native apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5231" LastEditorUserId="5231" LastEditDate="2013-05-07T13:49:59.887" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T14:49:15.300" Title="What are the available multi platform test tools available for native mobile applications?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6036" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-07T10:13:43.287" Score="0" ViewCount="9363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to find whether my pc is connected to internet using &lt;code&gt;java&lt;/code&gt;.From references, I found that using below code just verify whether NIC is up or down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;             public static boolean isInternetReachable()&#xA;{&#xA;    try {&#xA;        //make a URL to a known source&#xA;        URL url = new URL(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        //open a connection to that source&#xA;        HttpURLConnection urlConnect = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();&#xA;&#xA;        //trying to retrieve data from the source. If there&#xA;        //is no connection, this line will fail&#xA;        Object objData = urlConnect.getContent();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;SUCCESSFUL INTERNET CONNECTION&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    } catch (UnknownHostException e) {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;CONNECTION FAILED&quot;);&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (IOException e) {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;CONNECTION FAILED&quot;);&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;    return true;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way so that I can use methods like &lt;code&gt;ping&lt;/code&gt; to required url and catch the reply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2013-05-20T17:36:05.613" LastActivityDate="2013-05-20T17:36:05.613" Title="How to Check my pc is having internet connection using java" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-05-25T00:41:23.363" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6036" CreationDate="2013-05-07T15:00:01.123" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a good thread &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3584210/preferred-java-way-to-ping-a-http-url-for-availability&quot;&gt;here on Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their answer is to use java sockets:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Socket socket = null;&#xA;boolean reachable = false;&#xA;try {&#xA;    socket = new Socket(hostnameOrIP, 80);&#xA;    reachable = true;&#xA;} finally {            &#xA;    if (socket != null) try { socket.close(); } catch(IOException e) {}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5207" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-05-07T15:00:01.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6034" CreationDate="2013-05-07T18:03:22.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;These steps assume you're using just the QC user interface. The answer you linked is better if you're looking for code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;See the number of tests in a single test set:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to the Test Lab module&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select a test set in the tree (not a folder).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the right-hand pane, select the &quot;Execution Grid&quot; tab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look at the bottom of the QC window, near the middle. The number of tests in the test set appears as &quot;Test 1 of &lt;em&gt;xx&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use Live Analysis to see the number of tests in each test set under the selected folder:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From the Live Analysis tab, click Add Graph (you may have to remove one first)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Summary and click Next&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Group By drop-down list, and select &quot;Status&quot;. Click Next.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the X-Axis drop-down list, and select &quot;Test Set&quot;. Click Finish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The graph should now show all the tests sets at any level under the selected folder. The number shown on the top of each bar is the total number of tests. Mouse over each color in the bar to see how many tests passed or failed in each test set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also select different values in the &quot;Group By&quot; step above to see things like the planning status, priority, test author and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5180" LastEditorUserId="5180" LastEditDate="2013-05-08T06:20:44.167" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T06:20:44.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6039" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-08T12:27:38.387" Score="1" ViewCount="10788" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any option to read data from an Excel on Selenium IDE? How does it work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to call data from an Excel file (where data are stored). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5236" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-28T16:10:20.057" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T10:18:57.143" Title="Data driven testing on Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6035" CreationDate="2013-05-08T15:06:18.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer depends on type of tools you would like to use. If you are familiar with agile software development and want your developers to implement and maintain test automation on UI level that you can consider to use developers focused tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Android:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/robotium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;robotium&lt;/a&gt;(built on top of Instrumentation) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/testing_ui.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ui automator&lt;/a&gt;(from Google) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calabash&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;iOS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI Automation(from Apple) it has a lot of JS extensions like tune_js&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frank(built on top of UI Automation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calabash&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of free tools available for both Android and iOS but that I specified worked well on my past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not use things like Ranorex or Borland because open-sourced tools was enough to solve my tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Sorry I cannot post more that two links due to SE limitation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5238" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T15:06:18.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-08T20:24:31.717" Score="4" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following functions :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Get(ds,filename) - gets a file from a data source ds.&#xA;Put(ds,filename) - puts a file into a data source ds.&#xA;List(ds) - lists all files in data source ds.&#xA;Delete(ds,filename) - deletes file from data source ds.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I unit test these ? &#xA;Do I write one unit test per function ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's bugging me is that to test the &lt;strong&gt;Put&lt;/strong&gt; function I need to call the &lt;strong&gt;List&lt;/strong&gt; function :-(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestPut() {&#xA;&#xA; Put(test.data.source,test.file.name)&#xA; files = List(test.data.source)&#xA; Assert( files == test.file.name ) &#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, this unit test tests both &quot;List&quot; and &quot;Put&quot;. Is it fair to say that I don't need a separate unit test for List ? &#xA;Cheers !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5242" LastActivityDate="2013-05-14T11:06:13.363" Title="How would I unit test these functions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="791" CreationDate="2013-05-08T20:30:24.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found Saucelabs.com a big time saver in not having to setup a ton of test client environments.  They have free accounts too!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T20:30:24.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6041" CreationDate="2013-05-08T21:45:01.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're right that &lt;code&gt;TestPut&lt;/code&gt; tests both &lt;code&gt;Put&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;, but that on its own doesn't mean &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt; doesn't need its own unit test. For one thing, supposing &lt;code&gt;TestPut&lt;/code&gt; were to fail, having a &lt;code&gt;TestList&lt;/code&gt; would help you know whether the bug is in &lt;code&gt;Put&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5207" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T21:45:01.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6041" CreationDate="2013-05-08T22:39:24.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alex is correct.  In addition, you probably will want multiple tests per function covering both positive and negative cases.  What happens if you try to get or delete a file that doesn't exist?  What happens if the data source doesn't exist?  How about if you don't have permissions?  What if you want to put and have it add a new file vs modifying an existing file?  etc, etc.  Each of these should be a test case, not just one test per function that covers the happy path.  Your tests should cover every branch within each function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T22:39:24.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6041" CreationDate="2013-05-08T23:00:10.537" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you're observing is common whenever the job of a method is to change some internal state (like the set of things stored in an internal collection).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recognize that the desired results are observable only through subsequent calls to other methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a way to observe the internal state directly.&#xA;This generally requires making some otherwise private or hidden thing (the internal list)&#xA;a visible part of the API of the thing you're testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I typically prefer the first option. Every now and then I go with the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that with the first option, you are not testing a single method at a time.&#xA;You are testing that &lt;strong&gt;the methods work together&lt;/strong&gt; to produce the desired result.&#xA;For example,&#xA;you are testing that an item that was added by Put&#xA;appears in the list retrieved by List.&#xA;In these cases,&#xA;I like to name the tests to indicate the collaboration between methods.&#xA;I might call your test something like&#xA;&lt;code&gt;ListIncludesEveryFilenameThatWasPut&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand,&#xA;I might focus less on the methods,&#xA;and more on &lt;strong&gt;the abstract responsibility&#xA;that the methods implement.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;In your case,&#xA;the datastore has the responsibility to &lt;em&gt;remember&lt;/em&gt; filenames.&#xA;So I might call the test&#xA;&lt;code&gt;DatastoreRemembersFilenames&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for how many tests you need, the number of methods you're testing is not a reliable guide.&#xA;You will probably need &lt;em&gt;at least&lt;/em&gt; one test per method,&#xA;but often you will need more,&#xA;and sometimes many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key is in the complexity of the responsibility (or responsibilities) being tested.&#xA;This can depend on a variety of things,&#xA;such as whether there are different categories of inputs,&#xA;and whether the system should respond the same or differently&#xA;to the same inputs under different conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without knowing more about the intent of the unit you're testing,&#xA;I can imagine a few scenarios I might want to test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ds is null (for any method)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;filename is null (for any method)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;filename is empty (for any method)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The system currently has no with the name in filename.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The file exists, but is not writeable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attempt to add when the data store is full.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attempt to delete a file that is not in the data store.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attempt to add a file that is already in the data store.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding the first file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add many, many files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add, delete, list, and get on multiple threads simultaneously.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data store was newly created.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data store has performed many, many operations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may decide that your system doesn't care about some of these scenarios&#xA;(perhaps because other code prevents them from happening).&#xA;But if these scenarios are possible,&#xA;you will likely want to figure out&#xA;what results your system should produce in each case.&#xA;Then each combination of inputs, starting conditions, and results&#xA;can be a test case of its own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-05-08T23:00:10.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6046" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-09T01:29:54.180" Score="4" ViewCount="364" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to rethink our test cycle that we use at my company and am wondering if anyone could give any leads, examples, experiences, etc. to how you test without the use of crowdsource data. The products we make is strictly for professionals whose time used on our products is limited and expensive, so a crowdsourced data model could cause a bad reputation like we've seen with our competitors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our tests require tons of manual testing in a variety of permutations for a single function, and I'd like to make things more efficient. Think of it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;main test 1:&quot;test graphic functionality&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;test 1: test on windows&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sub test 1a: test on 32-bit machine   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sub test 1b: test on 64-bit machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;test 2: test on mac&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sub test 2a: test on 32-bit machine&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sub sub-test 2ai: test on 32-bit machine using a &quot;example add-on&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sub test 2b: test on 64-bit machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently use JIRA and I'm looking into Zephyr right now, but not liking it too much because of its lack of modularity (ie. once we come up with more products and as systems get more advanced, adding sub test cases become more difficult to manage)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edited in response to answers:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thank you for the input Stacy and Kate!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mulled over this a bit and thought on the other hand, it may be how we are organizing each project and how we are creating test cycles that could be the reason to my conundrum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently for each 'app' we release, we support functionality on many different 'platforms' (like having support for 4 different OS's), and then for each OS, we allow support on 32 and 64 bit OS's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also port our 'app' to be run on 4 drastically different 'programs' on each OS (and each program has new versions coming out all the time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as if that wasn't enough, each 'app' can run at 4 different quality 'resolutions' (ie. standard def, high def, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All while expecting each permutation to have the same functionality and quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, it may be due to the high bar we've set for ourselves that we are stuck at having to test every single permutation individually to make sure one of those permutations doesn't make our release a stop-ship...And seemingly, there's always something going wrong with each release at some weird combination of the aforementioned (be it regression or otherwise), so it's hard to cut corners for any of these requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And with the future fast approaching, I can only imagine more permutations emerge to the point where it becomes too much to handle. And that's where I'm really stuck at. So I'm trying to brainstorm ways to organize all of these releases into projects and test cycles and so on since this high standard we set for ourselves has made all these 'feature-like' combinations 'necessary' for our end users to be happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thoughts on that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5243" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-05-20T21:58:51.447" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T08:23:04.253" Title="Any good test plan/cycles or experiences without using crowdsourcing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6039" CreationDate="2013-05-09T07:12:53.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think Selenium has this feature, and it wouldn't make sense anyway for many reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand if you are using Java you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://poi.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache - POI&lt;/a&gt; to read in the data from excel in your unit test and then use that to do what you want to selenium testing suite. I just stumbled over &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/DeepakSharma193/automation-with-selenium-webdriver-17463087&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this presentation&lt;/a&gt; a few minutes ago where someone does just that on slide 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For .NET &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15828/reading-excel-files-from-c-sharp&quot;&gt;here's&lt;/a&gt; how to read an excel file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-05-09T07:12:53.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6039" CreationDate="2013-05-09T08:58:10.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE can not easily do data-driven testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are add-ons which can help; for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://unmesh.me/2012/12/04/data-driven-testing-with-selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sel Blocks&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;http://sauceio.com/index.php/2011/01/selenium-resources-for-newbs-data-driven-testing-with-ide-xml/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;datadriven.js&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I recommend you export your tests to a testing framework such as JUnit; that will make much more functionality available to you - not only data-driven testing, but many other techniques to make your tests more robust than is possible using only Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2013-05-09T08:58:10.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6050" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6067" CreationDate="2013-05-09T11:58:05.950" Score="4" ViewCount="11760" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate Peoplesoft 9 based Web application on Firefox 20.0.1. On clicking a search icon another form opens which I thought to be a pop-up and tried my code -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo.alert(&quot;popup_name&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this threw an exception &lt;code&gt;Alert not present!&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I tried to revisit the HTML and found it to be within an &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt; and, tried to switch to the iframe but in vain! Below is the CSS path of the item I want to select -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;html body.PSSRCHPAGE form div#win0divSEARCHADV table.PSPAGECONTAINER tbody tr td select##ICKeySelect.PSDROPDOWNLIST&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;HTML tag hierarchy&lt;/strong&gt; looks like -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;iframe &amp;gt; .. form &amp;gt; .. select &amp;gt; ..&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java Code -&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;// import javax.swing.JOptionPane;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class SeleniumTest3 {&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * @param args&#xA; */&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;&#xA;    // open a firefox driver&#xA;    WebDriver wd1 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    wd1.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    wd1.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(59, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    // open the url and login&#xA;    wd1.navigate().to(&quot;http://www.sample.com&quot;);&#xA;    wd1.findElement(By.name(&quot;userid&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;abc&quot;);&#xA;    wd1.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;abc2013&quot;);    &#xA;    wd1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='image']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    // click the timesheet link and switch to iframe&#xA;    wd1.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Timesheet&quot;)).click();&#xA;    wd1.switchTo().frame(&quot;TargetContent&quot;);      &#xA;&#xA;    // click the search task icon&#xA;    wd1.findElement(By.id(&quot;USER_FIELD_3$prompt$0&quot;)).click();&#xA;    wd1.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&#xA;    // select option from combo-box&#xA;    wd1.findElement(By.className(&quot;PSEDITBOX&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Design&quot;);&#xA;    new Select(wd1.findElement(By.id(&quot;#ICKeySelect&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;Task Name&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    } catch (Exception exc) {&#xA;        // JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,&quot;Better Luck Next Time :(&quot; /*+ exc.getMessage()*/);&#xA;        exc.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }   &#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2013-05-09T14:22:35.633" LastActivityDate="2013-05-15T09:17:35.210" Title="Selenium WebDriver | Unable to switch to apparent pop-up" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6046" CreationDate="2013-05-09T12:03:20.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't speak to JIRA or Zephyr, but my experience with TestLink is that you can define environments and easily copy tests - or nest test suites indefinitely deep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you rethink some of your layering: for instance, with the example you've given, look at a test suite for environment with the following structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feature X Test Suite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows Test suite containing tests a: 32 bit; b: 64 bit; c: Windows 8 etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mac Test suite containing tests a: 32 bit; b: 32 bit with extra add-on; c: 64 bit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Linux Test suite....&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to copy or share tests where the test data is the same between different test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next thing I'd recommend is looking at automation for end-to-end functional testing. Obviously you're not going to automate look and feel, but you should be able to automate login and access level testing as well as all the common functions used. For that, there are any number of solutions out there ranging from free to extremely expensive. Selenium is very popular for web-based environments - as you might have noticed there are tons of Selenium-related questions here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any good test management tool should be able to integrate with automation, although the level of integration varies. Some of the big box solutions like HP Quality Center with QTP, SmartBear's QA Complete with TestComplete, Microsoft's Team Foundation Server with Visual Studio and Test Manager give full integration. Others you have to build plugins or use workarounds, but all of them offer some level of support. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way I'd look at automation in your situation is to have a set of predefined test environments, preferably set up as virtual systems over which you have complete control. The automation should be able to check which supported environment to run against, restore whatever database you're using to a known starting point, perform your tests, then check data changes against the application database before cleaning up and leaving the system ready for the next step. To get all your environments, you're probably going to need more than one tool - I've yet to work with an automation tool that runs on both Windows and Mac, for instance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps you make some decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-05-09T12:03:20.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5907" CreationDate="2013-05-09T12:17:40.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a QC plug-in available to do this job without much fuss. Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=2&amp;amp;ved=0CDUQFjAB&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fupdate.external.hp.com%2Fqualitycenter%2Fqc100%2Fmsoffice%2Fmsexcel%2FQCMSExcelAddin.pdf&amp;amp;ei=QZKLUeToLMusrAfeyIDYDQ&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNHfU-U_PpZCNRkSRze3g2CrrX1jFA&amp;amp;bvm=bv.46340616,d.bmk&amp;amp;cad=rja&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;read section-3 here&lt;/a&gt; to know more. I hope this answers your question. This is certainly not open source though ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastActivityDate="2013-05-09T12:17:40.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6053" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-09T14:35:34.777" Score="1" ViewCount="1122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to identify the &lt;code&gt;JavaScript&lt;/code&gt; alert box (on page load) in selenium IDE?&#xA;I used commands like &quot;storAlert&quot;, &quot;assertAlert&quot; etc. But selenium not identifying alert box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5251" LastEditorUserId="2929" LastEditDate="2013-05-20T17:36:24.693" LastActivityDate="2013-08-12T20:23:27.053" Title="Handling Alert box on page load" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-08-14T00:43:05.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6056" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6059" CreationDate="2013-05-10T08:17:50.067" Score="3" ViewCount="2409" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a UI testing suite for a single page javascript application using Selenium 2 web driver.  I'm still experimenting with how to fit the app inside a page object model.  At the moment I am considering the use of the Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/LoadableComponent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LoadableComponent&lt;/a&gt; pattern for various subpages in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;isLoaded()&lt;/code&gt; function makes sense since I frequently need to make check certain elements are visible/enabled to determine if the the subpage is correctly loaded.  On the other hand I can't really figure out how to make use of the &lt;code&gt;load()&lt;/code&gt; method, since a subpage is not directly accessible by a URL, but rather requires navigating through the app. All the examples I have found use URLs to navigate in the &lt;code&gt;load()&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have experience or design pattern ideas with automated SPA javascript apps? Basically I want to be able to navigate and wait for things to load as cleanly as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More on LoadableComponent: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1496/is-seleniums-loadablecomponent-a-good-solution-as-test-design-pattern&quot;&gt;Is Selenium&amp;#39;s LoadableComponent a good solution as test design pattern?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T20:55:38.497" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T20:55:38.497" Title="Does Selenium's LoadableComponent make sense in a SPA (Single Page Application)?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6056" CreationDate="2013-05-10T17:40:54.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can tell you what I do in this situation.  I have not used the LoadableComponent, however what I have done has followed a similar pattern.  I create classes for each of the &quot;loadable components&quot; that are basically page objects.  I have something like the IsLoaded function to ensure that the component is loaded, and depending on how it works I either don't implement a Load function at all, or I have the load function go through the clicks to get the component to load.  For example, if loading a component simply means clicking on an item in a menu or some other simple action or sequence of actions, I implement the load function.  If it requires doing something more complex such as filling out a form first, I usually do not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case where I don't have a Load function, I usually call the IsLoaded functions within other helper functions, so for example if I have a sign up page, I have a function called SignUp that will fill in the form and then call IsLoaded on the page/component that should be loaded next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-05-10T17:40:54.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6060" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6061" CreationDate="2013-05-11T01:03:15.843" Score="4" ViewCount="1124" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a workflow application that takes the user step by step through each task. The inputs in each task are basically just barcodes or some numerical values. Fortunately, each task has an EJB based SOAP web service so I can just automate testing at the service layer instead of the GUI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not terribly familiar with EJB SOAP web services, so I was wondering what language/platform it would be best to use for calling the web services. I am pretty good at C# so I just added some service references pointing to the wsdls from Visual Studio and it seems to work pretty well. However, I would like to know if it would be better to try to do the same thing in Java instead since the application itself is written in Java. Am I missing out on anything by not using Java to approach this problem, or is it pretty much the same either way? A third alternative I guess is to use SoapUI to do all my testing, but I'm not sure if it's flexible enough to cover all the test cases I want to execute after calling the web service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5133" LastActivityDate="2013-05-11T06:18:33.153" Title="Testing EJB based web service - Java vs .NET vs SoapUI" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6060" CreationDate="2013-05-11T06:12:55.630" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, I can see two questions in your post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it better to test SOAP Web services backed by EJB using Java or C#?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, Web service stack of technologies was designed to support interaction between application written in different technologies, so it does not matter how the Web service was implemented. I.e., Web service implemented in Java can by called by .NET client, Python client, etc. Similarly, Web service on .NET platform can be called by Java client and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So interoperability is not a problem here. The reason which language to use for testing should really depend on whether your team will be able to maintain tests written in C# or Java, i.e., what skills they have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it better to test Web service programmatically or with SOAP UI?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, it depends what do you mean by &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;all the test cases I want to execute after calling the web service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-05-11T06:18:33.153" LastActivityDate="2013-05-11T06:18:33.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6062" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8004" CreationDate="2013-05-12T16:53:01.123" Score="3" ViewCount="3894" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have cluster of 5 nodes with all of them are  only Firefox nodes. We have run into so many issues maintaining the grid up and running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium nodes goes out of memory (JAVA heap space issues)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=4969&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=4969&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some sessions stuck in the nodes and it will go for infinite loop hence my &#xA;Jenkins job hangs and never come back. Sometime a session is hung at &lt;code&gt;ClickEvent&lt;/code&gt; &#xA;or sometime other place but Session is hung while reading on socket. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser updates? selenium server jar updates ? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whats the best way to handle the Grid service up and running ? Give us your thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5266" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T14:37:08.307" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T14:37:08.307" Title="Problems with maintenance of Selenium on grid service" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2333" CreationDate="2013-05-13T10:47:20.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what language API you are using, but I solved many of loading troubles in a javascript app using the &lt;code&gt;WaitForWait&lt;/code&gt; class.  You may have to do some translation work, but in the .NET i built a factory method to generate &lt;code&gt;WaitForWait&lt;/code&gt; classes with a &lt;code&gt;totalWaitTimeout&lt;/code&gt; which will throw an exception if reached and &lt;code&gt;waitInterval&lt;/code&gt; which is time the driver will wait until it checks for the element again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static class WaitFactory&#xA;{&#xA;    public const int TotalWaitSeconds = 10;&#xA;    public const int WaitIntervalMiliseconds = 50;&#xA;&#xA;    public static WebDriverWait GetWait(IWebDriver driver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        var clock = new SystemClock();&#xA;        var totalWaitTimeout = new TimeSpan(0, 0, TotalWaitSeconds);&#xA;        var waitInterval = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, WaitIntervalMiliseconds);&#xA;        return new WebDriverWait(clock, driver, totalWaitTimeout, waitInterval);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then write a function like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void WaitForPanelToAppear(IWebDriver driver)&#xA;{&#xA;    var wait = WaitFactory.GetWait(driver);&#xA;    wait.Until(webDriver =&amp;gt; webDriver.findElement(By.id(&quot;profile-panel&quot;)).Displayed);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which you should call after clicking the button to generate a page change and before doing stuff with the element you are waiting for to load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastActivityDate="2013-05-13T10:47:20.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6041" CreationDate="2013-05-14T11:06:13.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I usually do in such cases is I have a test for Put and a test for List. The test for Put might (and probably will) use the List method, but it focuses on the boundaries of the Put method. I will make sure that the code coverage for the Put method is complete within the TestPut. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, the TestList method would focus on the boundaries of List, ensuring complete coverage of the List method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not all tests for List for example do need a Put. I would also have tests checking that no elements exist prior to Putting anything. Not all tests for Put would need a List. A test that   uses Put with an illegal argument, expecting an exception would not use List.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main point would be that the test for any of your methods might use any of the others, but it would be focussing on the boundaries of the method under test. When testing method A, I assume the other methods function as expected and any problems with the other methods will be found in their tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5271" LastActivityDate="2013-05-14T11:06:13.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8041" CreationDate="2013-05-14T13:12:14.793" Score="0" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm fairly new to Coldfusion; at my new position, we're using MXUnit for unit testing our service library, but so far we're not mocking out the database (so we're testing against live data). I want to introduce better practices for testing the middle layers, but after spending a day playing with MightyMock, the built-in mocking framework for MXUnit 2.x, I found it frustrating and difficult to use as well as limited in features. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a good book or tutorial? Or are people mostly using a third-party library for this? If so, what ones should I investigate? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T15:41:42.660" Title="Mocking for MXUnit" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5988" CreationDate="2013-05-15T01:05:59.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two interesting reads, they offer great insights on senior QA roles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/alanpa/what-is-a-test-architect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What is a test architect?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.oracle.com/johnmorrison/entry/test_architect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;From John Morrison's Blog - Test Architect&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2021-03-17T03:04:18.407" LastActivityDate="2021-03-17T03:04:18.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6050" CreationDate="2013-05-15T09:17:35.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solved now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;PSEDITBOX&lt;/code&gt; is contained in another &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt; which I missed. So I have just added one line now and it solved the issue -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;wd1.switchTo().frame(&quot;popupFrame&quot;);&#xA;wd1.findElement(By.className(&quot;PSEDITBOX&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Design&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2929" LastActivityDate="2013-05-15T09:17:35.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2333" CreationDate="2013-05-15T18:05:46.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not an expert with Selenium but here are some techniques I used for this problem (using Java):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using the Actions class: &lt;code&gt;builder.clickAndHold('your web element')&lt;/code&gt; method then the &lt;code&gt;builder.release('your web element')&lt;/code&gt;. This gives some time between the click and release so the click action would take effect&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clicking and then making sure the expected results was achieved if not repeat again this section of code in a while loop.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are some suggestions to click the element twice in a try catch block and catch the &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; and do whatever required then.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5279" LastEditorUserId="5279" LastEditDate="2013-05-16T16:25:23.610" LastActivityDate="2013-05-16T16:25:23.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5183" CreationDate="2013-05-16T06:22:17.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;go to Computer&gt;Properties&gt;Advanced system settings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From Advanced tab choose Environment Variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From System Variables delete JAVA_OPTIONS, JAVA_TOOL_OPTION and IBM_JAVA_OPTIONS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-Run Application. Works for me while trying to run JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On 6/5/2014:&#xA;Just to add- if the same environment variables exist in User variables list then delete them as well&#xA;Caution: Keep a backup of those variables just in case you need them again in the future.&#xA;This resolved issues on multiple applications in my case: Javac at the command prompt,Eclipse IDE,SQLDeveloper---BIG THanks to the above solution provider!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5283" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-06-06T10:57:18.390" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T10:57:18.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6072" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-17T13:07:43.377" Score="1" ViewCount="4390" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was hoping you could help me...I am looking for an automated test tool that can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MUST HAVE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to connect to a server endpoint that returns JSON or XML based data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to fully parse and validate either XML or JSON (both would be a plus)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to traverse XML or JSON for functional validation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NICE TO HAVE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance analysis toolsets (mean, max, min, std deviation for result sets) -- including thread execution setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Template based test cases.  Set up a test template and feed the template with a data set — if we have this (jmeter does) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate any help and thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5287" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2013-05-17T17:34:00.073" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T20:55:46.147" Title="API Automated Testing Tool XML &amp; JSON" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6072" CreationDate="2013-05-17T17:42:11.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of tools that can do everything you want.  Do you have a specific language/programming environment you prefer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer RestSharp and json.net if you've got visual studio and C#, however there's nothing built in to do the performance stuff unless you have visual studio ultimate in which case you can use the load testing tool. As for the last nice to have, you can do data driven tests using mstest or tools like nunit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter + either the json library from &lt;a href=&quot;http://json.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://json.org/&lt;/a&gt; or gson can do everything you want including the performance and data driven tests in a java environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other popular tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SoapUI &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestMaker &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebInject&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-05-17T17:42:11.303" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6075" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-18T12:57:07.010" Score="0" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some good examples of pure Computer Science and Mathematics applications in software QA. The objective is to create a course for CS and Applied Math students with applications that can be used in both practical and theoretical QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5291" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:45:33.467" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:45:33.467" Title="What are some good examples of pure Computer Science and Mathematics applications in software QA?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6075" CreationDate="2013-05-19T04:52:00.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Big O notation comes to mind.  Important to understand the scalability of a system, given the anticipated input. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Equivalence partitioning is also frequently used in test design.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2013-05-19T04:52:00.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6075" CreationDate="2013-05-20T07:12:10.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Statistics is often used explicitly or implicitly. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Analyzing the validity of multiple performance tests results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Choosing parameter values based on distribution, e.g. uniform vs. normal&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Developing test techniques, e.g. a proof that randomness is as good as X wise testing under certain assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-05-20T07:12:10.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6075" CreationDate="2013-05-20T20:42:41.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with both Rsf and jruberto statement, I think statistics and Big-O is used frequently, In addition here is some other topic that is used too i.e &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary Value and Equivalence Class Partitioning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Percentage of Covered Code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List item&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For pure CS, I think this is a good example used on QA &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-pairs_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;(All Pairs Testing)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5296" LastActivityDate="2013-05-20T20:42:41.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6080" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6081" CreationDate="2013-05-21T02:03:06.623" Score="0" ViewCount="7454" Body="&lt;p&gt;How long does it typically take to progress from Test Analyst to Senior TA to Test Lead to Test Manager?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been working as a TA for almost a year and was wondering how long it typically takes to progress between roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A ball-park figure would be nice- also what influencing factors are there with regards to progressing from TA to Senior TA and so forth&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5297" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T11:49:02.580" Title="How long does it typically take to progress from Test Analyst to Senior TA to Test Lead to Test Manager?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6080" CreationDate="2013-05-21T02:38:51.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depend on industry, domain and whether companies give out titles or not&#xA;Some companies will have a rigid structure where you need X years before you get a title change&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've known 'test managers' who have 2 years or less experience and you can find people who've worked for many years who are happy just to be called testers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T02:38:51.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6080" CreationDate="2013-05-21T06:17:25.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Title is not relevant with respect to long term career goals. Your question is about different career path - Being an Individual Contributor Vs Being a Manager. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goals and expectations are different for both the roles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer to your question&lt;/strong&gt; - You grow up in your role based on your experience, contributions, taking up more responsibilities, demonstrating skills for senior levels. This is purely based on your effort, learning skills, adapability and passion for your job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Industry Standard based on Job Descriptions&lt;/strong&gt; - 10+ for Test manager roles, 8+ for Lead roles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T06:17:25.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6080" CreationDate="2013-05-21T11:49:02.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My favorite answer here: it depends. As Phil said, each company handles things differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a thumbnail guide, most of the job ads I've seen treat 1-2 years experience as a junior role, where there's likely to be a fair amouont of guidance needed. 3-5 is usually seen as an intermediate level, where the tester is largely self-guided and is starting to mentor juniors. 5-8-ish is usually the senior level where a tester is expected to mentor others, act as a resource for the team, and often as a stand-in for the lead/manager. I've seen lead positions advertised at anything from 7-12 years experience, usually asking for technical lead type duties (mentoring, guiding the team direction, sometimes giving team members reviews, but rarely including hire/fire or budgeting). Actual test team management (as opposed to a title with regular tester duties) seems to be a 10+ experience thing - and if you want to continute to test, may not be what you want to be. Some places will explicitly designate technical leads who are &quot;manager level&quot; but choose not to follow a management track. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for promotions, I'd suggest taking a good look at the duties of the next level you're aiming for, and start doing them as much as possible. It's pretty common for places to have an unspoken promotions policy of &quot;we promote them when they're doing the work of the role we're promoting them to&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-05-21T11:49:02.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6502" CreationDate="2013-05-21T12:11:44.570" Score="2" ViewCount="8457" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Selenium webdriver 2 with Test-NG. Test-NG gives a nice report when an assertion fails. The customer wishes to see the same report in the case where an assertion passes. Is it possible to do with the default Test-NG reporter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2304" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2013-07-27T22:55:27.390" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T08:04:23.220" Title="How to include passed assertions in the Test NG test result report?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3381" CreationDate="2013-05-22T09:20:59.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;% of Rejected Defects - makes sure your QA really understands what he is doing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time to test a feature - how long does it take the QA to actually test a feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;% of Escaped defects - how many defects were found by customers post a release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability grade of your system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'd also count how many enhancements requests your QA is opening - making sure they also provide new ideas for the system &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4449" LastActivityDate="2013-05-22T09:20:59.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6088" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-22T15:26:38.180" Score="16" ViewCount="47243" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've taken a class on software testing best practices and test design. In the content, they have a model that basically shows that the three items are derived in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Requirements &amp;gt; Use case &amp;gt; scenarios &amp;gt; test case &amp;gt; test script&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm fine with the last two but what are the differences between the first three? Use cases seem to take on the same definition as both requirements and scenarios or at least bounce back and forth. I have not been able to find a clear example that shows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;this is a requirement statement&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;this is a use case of the requirement&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;this is a scenario of the use case&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone clear this up and give an example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4450" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:58:58.257" LastActivityDate="2020-10-06T12:03:26.477" Title="Difference between requirement, use case, and scenario?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6088" CreationDate="2013-05-22T16:30:31.637" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;requirement&lt;/em&gt; is typically a general statement, whereas a &lt;em&gt;use case&lt;/em&gt; is typically a specific statement implied or derived from the requirement.  A requirement may map to multiple use cases.  A &lt;em&gt;scenario&lt;/em&gt; might be a set of background assumptions that put a use case in context, or it might be grouping of use cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a contrived example.  The requirement is to &lt;em&gt;provide an API that converts a CSV file into a tab-separated file&lt;/em&gt;.  A scenario might be, &quot;&lt;em&gt;John is a Java developer who deals with potentially large CSV files that are sometimes empty.&lt;/em&gt;&quot;  A use case might be &quot;&lt;em&gt;If the input file is empty, the output file will also be empty&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;em&gt;The API does not run out of memory while processing a 500Gb file&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, SQA gets a lot of &quot;What is the different between these terms&quot; kinds of questions.  If you hear someone utter some ambiguous phrases, and it's important to understand what they mean (e.g. because a co-worker or your boss used them), ask them what they mean.  Among reasonable people, it is always OK to say, &quot;Different people use that phrase to mean different things, so can you be more specific about what you meant?&quot;  If you've never heard the phrases before, or you lack confidence, you can do a Google search first, come up with a first approximation of what they mean, and &lt;em&gt;then&lt;/em&gt; ask that person to clarify what &lt;em&gt;they&lt;/em&gt; meant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-05-22T16:30:31.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6090" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-23T09:41:53.420" Score="2" ViewCount="874" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can test every line of [your product's] code via unit tests, wouldn't unit testing alone (theoretically) be sufficient?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other &quot;necessary&quot; benchmarks of proper test coverage other than simply covering (ideally) all of your LOC?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5314" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:45:14.373" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T09:56:55.733" Title="Is unit and component testing sufficient?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6091" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6544" CreationDate="2013-05-23T10:40:02.760" Score="1" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you call a situation when the system ensures that every its step was successful? For instance, one of the steps was to generate a file. Yet, target location may be occupied and copy fails. System may forget to check or fail. How do you call a system that ensures that every step has succeeded: secure, robust, reliable, or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the lack of robustness often allows for extreemly useful exploits (especially, for good). For instance, the files are generated and used further. But user can interrupt the process, modify the files for his purposes and restart the system. He protects the files with read-only option so that restarted system did not regenerate them. This exploit happens to be very useful when systems are not robust enough to check the effect of file generation. I find that a robust system, which spends a lot of resources to struggle the misbehavior, is much less useful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you call such dilemma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5121" LastEditorUserId="5121" LastEditDate="2013-08-02T21:57:35.030" LastActivityDate="2013-08-03T05:14:01.237" Title="Usability versus fail-fast dilemma" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-08-06T11:03:04.787" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6090" CreationDate="2013-05-23T11:38:53.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not exactly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing only tests &lt;em&gt;units&lt;/em&gt; in isolation.  In these tests all dependencies to other &lt;em&gt;units&lt;/em&gt; are mocked or stubbed out.  So how do you know those units together do what they are supposed to do? Code tends to grow hierarchically in complexity, and with that growth comes more and more units working together, more and more groups of units (modules) working together, and along the growth things need to checked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence you need &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;integration tests&lt;/a&gt; for this. These tests check the configured set of working components work together correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, some sort of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verification_and_Validation_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;acceptance, validation, or verification&lt;/a&gt; tests should be written to check the software in the end does what it's supposed to do.  Business (usually) drives the creation of software, so these are an important metric to any organization.&#xA;For most web apps/sites this is usually the selenium UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metrics are always dangerous, you can always find a way to beat them.  It's very easy to write a bunch of code with 100% test coverage that does nothing useful together.  So the difference between quality of 60%, 70%, 95%, or 100% test coverage is tough to define.  Some argue code should always be 100% covered, while some say 70-80% is sufficient, it's all about project/personal preference.  The amount of coverage for each test type depends on situation and project.  I find myself with some tasks writing 100% unit tested code (production code, new features), 0% unit tested code (for writing UI tests), ~50% integration tested code (refactoring legacy code, javascript), etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not aware of any metrics for Integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But surely acceptance/verification tests should always be 100% passing to ensure a functional software product according to a specification.  But even then, their could be bugs in the specification. I find writing these tests really helps catch these bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-12-13T09:56:55.733" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T09:56:55.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6090" CreationDate="2013-05-23T11:39:10.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many cases where unit testing as you have described would not be &quot;sufficient&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(And you haven't really defined what you mean by &quot;sufficient&quot; in this case. Good enough to move the code to Production? Good enough to pass it on to QA? Good enough to please your boss? Good enough to feel like you did a good job? Something else?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most practical cases, Unit Testing tests that the code the developer wrote actually does what the developer thinks it should do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if the developer misinterpreted the Requirements? The code might well pass all Unit Tests, but be completely incorrect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing every line isn't the same as testing every line under all conditions. If you test a line of code where the input data is &quot;1&quot;, what happens to that same line when the input data is &quot;-23456789&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage&lt;/a&gt; for a deeper discussion about code coverage (beyond just &quot;testing every line&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What about performance and load? Most unit tests don't cover non-functional aspects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What about integration issues that arise during the interaction among several units? Unit testing usually doesn't cover that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-05-23T11:51:54.100" LastActivityDate="2013-05-23T11:51:54.100" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6090" CreationDate="2013-05-23T11:49:35.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even theoretically, unit testing isn't sufficient because it doesn't cover the paths through the system. You can cover every line of code in a system, but not cover every potential way through it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, can you launch the application? Does it run on all the target operating systems? Does it render correctly? These are all out of the scope of unit tests. In addition, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To take a very simple example, let's suppose your application is a calculator, similar to the basic version of the Microsoft calculator. You can unit test the math calculation - but not completely. A complete test of the calculations is impossible - just to test single digit basic operations you're looking at 400 distinct test cases (I think. It's possible my mental math is off here). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That doesn't even cover the quality of the unit tests - do they cover only what the code is supposed to do, or do they test the edge cases and potential failures? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit tests are invaluable, but they aren't all that's needed. As Joe and Craastad have said, they need to be part of a larger set of tests including integration tests, functional tests, user acceptance tests, compatibility tests, performance tests... and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-05-23T11:49:35.470" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6095" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6097" CreationDate="2013-05-24T01:51:34.737" Score="9" ViewCount="8782" Body="&lt;p&gt;So its been a year since I have been studying Python, and just recently I started picking up web driver. It was a long journey, and I am still a pretty noob, but I finally understand how to use it lol. I have made some tests to automate my manual testing, which took a long time, but worked!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering what kind of tests QA automation engineers make daily. I made simple ones like logging in, creating a ticket, creating alarm, verifying other stuff. I can see it getting complex, but in general, am I ready to apply for an automation job? I don't want to look like a fool and say &quot;hey I made a script to login!&quot;, but I honestly have no idea what kind of work an automation engineer would do. I can only assume it's similar to what I am doing now, and that it seems pretty basic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal was to learn some Selenium, so that I have SOME automation experience, and put that on my resume. I feel I can automate a lot of what I do with WebDriver, but it wouldn't exactly be efficient, just mainly good for experience. Do any automation jobs not mind finding a novice that they can teach? Or will most require someone who can do everything right off the bat. Would be nice if a QA automation engineer can respond with what kind of tests they write and what level they would require, thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user3043" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:17:55.997" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:17:55.997" Title="Manual tester wanting to get into automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6095" CreationDate="2013-05-24T03:06:31.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hopefully someone will come along with their experience but you might like to be aware that automation is not just a case of coding up your manual tests, the full benefit of automation is when it does more than that...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-05-24T03:06:31.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6095" CreationDate="2013-05-24T05:52:20.550" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;All the learning starts from step1. You have learned based on your own interest. I had a lot of support from this community and StackOverflow when I started writing automated tools. I can share my experience. 5 Rules for beginners getting into test automation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rule#1&lt;/strong&gt; - Do not worry about design, error handling when you start writing your automation suite. Write pieces of functionality and integrate it slowly. Refactoring, Applying OOPS principles, logging can be learnt once you get your code working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rule #2&lt;/strong&gt; - If you want to write selenium automation follow &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumtests.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seleniumtests.com&lt;/a&gt;, select recommended tutorials / articles in this forum. There are a lot of resources you need to select and read good info articles. A mentor, in this case, would be of great help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rule #3&lt;/strong&gt; - Explore Tools - Focus on learning TestNG Basics, JUNIT basics, SOAP UI and other tools. Divide automation into multiple layers - Framework Design, Execution Layer, Logging, Reporting Layer. Allocate time and try out freeware tools, GTAC talks, Tools demo sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rule #4&lt;/strong&gt; - Ask for help if you are stuck. Ask for help on best practices, approach design in forums. Accept your mistakes and learn from them, keep improving your knowledge continuously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rule #5&lt;/strong&gt; - Review your own framework based on below guidelines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-runnable - All tests are re-runnable without any hard-coded / static data not used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not repeat your code/duplicate code, re-use same methods whenever needed (you are applying OOPS here).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Results Reporting - Results are readable, able to drill down the steps of each test case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error logging and reporting - You have the option to enable/disable logging to different levels to debug issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configurable - Able to run the system against any environment with minimum configuration changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apply Design Patterns / OOPS Principles / Best Practices and Keep Improving your Automation Suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using an existing automation tool QTP, Winrunner most of the items reported will be taken care of by the product itself. Primary work would be recording, writing cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developed a mature in-house automation framework takes several iterations but working code is always best to ship it, to begin with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:17:29.393" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:17:29.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-24T09:31:46.333" Score="1" ViewCount="1016" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any good open source functional testing tool for java based Web Application Regression Testing&#xA;which require less coding effort &#xA;Except Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our Web application is only run in Google Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5320" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T06:37:07.407" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T06:37:07.407" Title="Any good open source functional testing tool for java based Web Application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2013-09-03T08:04:54.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6095" CreationDate="2013-05-24T12:10:03.807" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;My experience with automation is that it's invaluable for regression, particularly the kinds of regression that are tedious and painstaking to perform. A login script is usually a utility that happens as part of a larger script suite - which must, as Siva said, be object-oriented and data-driven if you don't want to create yourself a maintenance nightmare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Phil is 100% correct - you don't want to simply code your manual tests. Some types of test are better handled manually, others make more sense to automate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;look to the 80/20 rule&lt;/strong&gt; - good automation targets involve the 20% of your application that's used by 80% of your users 80% of the time. My last employer, the application had massive amounts of setup, which was largely once and done, and a relatively small transaction component where almost all the activity occurred. Regression focused on the transactions. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;each component identifier should appear exactly once in your code&lt;/strong&gt;, preferably as a defined constant or an object mapping. That way, when the component changes, you're only updating your automation in one place and you know which place you're updating. (My current position, I'm storing it in a database and have built a crude web app to edit the database).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;look at ROI&lt;/strong&gt; - not so much $$$ but tester time and business value. If you've got a set of manual tests that take days or hours to complete, and they'll hurt your employer's reputation if a regression escapes, they're a good target for automation. My last employer, this was tax calculations in transactions. Bare-bones manual regression of that was 3- 5 testers for a week of tedium with a high probability of errors. Once the automation was in place for it and the misery of validating the baselines completed, a more comprehensive set of tests run every night (on three machines, for a total run-time somewhere over 24 hours), so that anything affecting tax calculations were caught within a day of it being introduced. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;keep aggressive maintenance and refactoring program&lt;/strong&gt; - My experience is that aggressively maintaining and improving your automation code is the only way to keep it from becoming a headache. My last employer, some of the automation was over 10 years old and I was the only person there who understood how it worked because there wasn't enough of a priority on maintenance. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;automation is code&lt;/strong&gt; - You'd be surprised how many people don't get this. You see tools advertising code-free automation - what they mean is that they code it and limit your ability to build scripts to the things they've coded. Even using these tools you still need to keep your tests granular and reusable or you'll end up with a mess. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;do not record/playback&lt;/strong&gt; - Even the most advanced record/playback tools can't do the things well-constructed code can do. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;automate the tedious tasks&lt;/strong&gt; - I can't stress this enough. If you're doing something boring multiple times over, it's a good candidate for automation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;don't forget the utilities&lt;/strong&gt; - Utility automation can get overlooked in favor of automated regression, but it's just as useful. Automating a lengthy application install process saves everyone time and effort. Automating configuring standard data sets is another good one to consider. Automated database backup/restoration, bulk file copy operations, virtual machine setups and the like are huge time-savers. Automating the test reporting is another good one to work with - instead of using the tool's result reporting, export the test logs to a central repository in a format that everyone can read. Feed them into a dashboard your managers can use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;if it repeats, automate it&lt;/strong&gt; - with obvious exceptions like checking printed output (which is faster and more accurate using the mach-1 eyeball), if a defect slips to production more than once, consider automation to test for it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully, these will give you some ideas to start with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:16:57.473" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:16:57.473" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3381" CreationDate="2013-05-24T15:00:51.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many good examples here. Another that we use extensively in my company, Net Promoter.  I do Net Promoter surveys for my quality team, and use that information to help us improve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I send a brief survey to our stakeholders (developers, PM, leadership, ops, customer support, etc.):&#xA;- How likely are you to recommend the QA team to another group?  (0-10, with 10 being highest)&#xA;- (text box) Please tell me why you answered the way you did. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You get the NP by subtracting detractors (0-6 score) from the promoters (9-10).  Higher is better.  This gives you a number to measure, and hopefully improve over time. More importantly, you see the verbatim comments from your stakeholders - for opportunities to improve, or great things to reinforce. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2013-05-24T15:00:51.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6103" CreationDate="2013-05-24T15:01:01.590" Score="0" ViewCount="2789" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project that has an application that has several different specific error messages that are raised during certain scenarios with specific data.  I have been tasked to come up with a Test Case/Plan which can be given to testers to test this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. user loses internet connection and error code x is displayed&#xA;     user account is locked and error code y is displayed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone recommend a template that can be used to do this?  I have very little QA experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5322" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-06-01T09:03:38.877" LastActivityDate="2013-06-01T09:03:38.877" Title="Test case/plan for error message scenarios" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6102" CreationDate="2013-05-24T15:13:02.167" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's really no different than any other test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set up conditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check actual result against the expected result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you'll need a list of all the error messages in the system and the conditions that make these errors appear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to really test them out then use the FAILURE mnemonic as detailed &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.questioningsoftware.com/2007/08/failure-usability.html&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-05-24T15:31:47.997" LastActivityDate="2013-05-24T15:31:47.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6104" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6105" CreationDate="2013-05-25T11:03:38.133" Score="5" ViewCount="280" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently developing a software. My main problem is that I have very limited resource, only my PC. So I can't test my software in different version of windows, PC with different configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what can I do to ensure compatibility in different PC's without spending a lot of money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5325" LastEditorUserId="5325" LastEditDate="2016-06-11T08:27:49.167" LastActivityDate="2016-06-11T08:27:49.167" Title="Testing a software with limited resource" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6104" CreationDate="2013-05-25T12:19:31.297" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you have only your own resources to fund your testing, I find that friends are a great resource :)  In the past, if I've built something and want to make sure it works somewhere else, I'll find a friend who has a different setup than I do and send it to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The downside is that these folks generally aren't trained software professionals and won't necessarily be able to do proper testing.  If I need that, I can simply ask to visit them and use their system for a few hours to so some testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can use the online community to crowd-source your testing and have them find the issues in your software.  There are many situations where this isn't possible because you can't release the software into the wild.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Virtual Machines installed on your single PC also allow you to run multiple OS on a single piece of hardware.  You can do this with software like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vmware.com/&quot;&gt;VMWare&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Crowd-funding sites like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kickstarter.com/&quot;&gt;Kickstarter&lt;/a&gt; can also be used for you to set specific targets and raise funds to get yourself hardware or VM software that you can use to setup your various environments. You'll need some way to make people want to invest in you, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4683" LastActivityDate="2013-05-25T12:19:31.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6104" CreationDate="2013-05-26T14:07:24.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could join a testing community, and ask for their help. Sites like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/group/bangaloreweekendtesters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club&lt;/a&gt; have weekend events for testers to practice their skills.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to run the tests your self, and you have a little budget, you can try cloud solutions to deploy windows virtual machines of various configurations.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://aws.amazon.com/microsoft/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Amazon AWS&lt;/a&gt; is a good example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2013-05-26T14:07:24.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6104" CreationDate="2013-05-27T06:45:01.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can make use of Virtual Machines in which many OS/Browser combinations can be covered like Win XP + FF, Win XP + Chrome, Win 7 + IE etc.&#xA;Obviously you will need higher configuration for you host machine to run the virtual machines properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also giving the system to novice users for just using them will also help you a lot in finding out the bugs in your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T06:45:01.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6108" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-27T10:31:25.167" Score="1" ViewCount="735" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to NUnit and I just download it and installed .But while opening project i got exception as &#xA;&quot; Load Failed&quot; &#xA;System.IO.FileNotFoundException...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why am I getting this exception? Please help &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error log:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.IO.FileNotFoundException...&#xA;&#xA;Server stack trace: &#xA;   at System.ModuleHandle.ResolveType(RuntimeModule module, Int32 typeToken, IntPtr* typeInstArgs, Int32 typeInstCount, IntPtr* methodInstArgs, Int32 methodInstCount, ObjectHandleOnStack type)&#xA;   at System.ModuleHandle.ResolveTypeHandleInternal(RuntimeModule module, Int32 typeToken, RuntimeTypeHandle[] typeInstantiationContext, RuntimeTypeHandle[] methodInstantiationContext)&#xA;   at System.Reflection.RuntimeModule.ResolveType(Int32 metadataToken, Type[] genericTypeArguments, Type[] genericMethodArguments)&#xA;   at System.Reflection.CustomAttribute.FilterCustomAttributeRecord(CustomAttributeRecord caRecord, MetadataImport scope, Assembly&amp;amp; lastAptcaOkAssembly, RuntimeModule decoratedModule, MetadataToken decoratedToken, RuntimeType attributeFilterType, Boolean mustBeInheritable, Object[] attributes, IList derivedAttributes, RuntimeType&amp;amp; attributeType, IRuntimeMethodInfo&amp;amp; ctor, Boolean&amp;amp; ctorHasParameters, Boolean&amp;amp; isVarArg)&#xA;   at System.Reflection.CustomAttribute.GetCustomAttributes(RuntimeModule decoratedModule, Int32 decoratedMetadataToken, Int32 pcaCount, RuntimeType attributeFilterType, Boolean mustBeInheritable, IList derivedAttributes, Boolean isDecoratedTargetSecurityTransparent)&#xA;   at System.Reflection.CustomAttribute.GetCustomAttributes(RuntimeType type, RuntimeType caType, Boolean inherit)&#xA;   at System.RuntimeType.GetCustomAttributes(Type attributeType, Boolean inherit)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.CoreExtensions.InstallAdhocExtensions(Assembly assembly)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.Builders.TestAssemblyBuilder.Load(String path)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.Builders.TestAssemblyBuilder.Build(String assemblyName, Boolean autoSuites)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.Builders.TestAssemblyBuilder.Build(String assemblyName, String testName, Boolean autoSuites)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.TestSuiteBuilder.BuildSingleAssembly(TestPackage package)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.TestSuiteBuilder.Build(TestPackage package)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.SimpleTestRunner.Load(TestPackage package)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.ProxyTestRunner.Load(TestPackage package)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.ProxyTestRunner.Load(TestPackage package)&#xA;   at NUnit.Core.RemoteTestRunner.Load(TestPackage package)&#xA;   at System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.StackBuilderSink._PrivateProcessMessage(IntPtr md, Object[] args, Object server, Int32 methodPtr, Boolean fExecuteInContext, Object[]&amp;amp; outArgs)&#xA;   at System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.StackBuilderSink.SyncProcessMessage(IMessage msg, Int32 methodPtr, Boolean fExecuteInContext)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5328" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-05-28T15:16:50.663" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T01:37:55.993" Title="Nunit not working" Tags="&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6108" CreationDate="2013-05-27T10:45:24.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You haven't described the scenario under which the exception occurs.  Normally this exception occurs if the following conditions are true:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This problem normally occurs when you are trying to refer an assembly that is either not correct or whose public key token does not match the correct one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The worker process does not have permissions to read/write to the process Temp directory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are compilation errors in the code that &lt;code&gt;XmlSerializer&lt;/code&gt; generated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may have &lt;code&gt;System.ServiceModel&lt;/code&gt; referenced, but it may be a different version. Make sure that what you are referencing is  Version=2.0.5.0 (or any desired framework)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check this out.  It may also help for you to add your error logs to your original question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-05-27T23:19:45.943" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T23:19:45.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6095" CreationDate="2013-05-27T12:15:11.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Automation testing, you will be requiring complete knowledge of the domain or project you are testing. Knowing the actual/expected behavior will help you a lot in writing automated test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use Selenium IDE for writing or practicing simple test scripts. Once you are through the scripts then you can confidently write test scripts using IDE or RC etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T12:15:11.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6108" CreationDate="2013-05-27T14:55:52.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried installing it using &lt;code&gt;NuGet&lt;/code&gt;?  Download and install &lt;a href=&quot;http://nuget.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NuGet&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend never installing any package without &lt;code&gt;NuGet&lt;/code&gt; (unless absolutely necessary, which is rare). It has a convenient plugin directly with &lt;code&gt;Visual Studio&lt;/code&gt; (I assume you're using VS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you should make sure &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.nuget.org/docs/workflows/using-nuget-without-committing-packages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;package restore during build&lt;/a&gt; is enabled in the project configuration (so you never commit packages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2019-03-02T01:37:55.993" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T01:37:55.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6104" CreationDate="2013-05-27T19:23:03.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The virtual machine route is probably you best path Here is what you can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download Virtual Box. Its free to use and supported by Oracle. This is the engine that will allow you to run your applciations in a VM. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operating systems. In your case, Microsoft has OS's specifically for your purposes - Modern.IE. Go &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.modern.ie/en-us/virtualization-tools#downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Note that as of Feb 2013, these are completely compatible with Virtual Box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;uTest&lt;/a&gt;. This is crowdsourced testing, however there is a fee associated with the test cycle. As far as I know, all the testing is manual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="976" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T19:23:03.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6108" CreationDate="2013-05-27T21:37:09.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try to build and execute the sample project that comes with the framework.&#xA;When i try to build the example, i just had to update the reference to the DLL; but nothing more, you can try it ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5330" LastActivityDate="2013-05-27T21:37:09.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6115" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6118" CreationDate="2013-05-28T00:11:13.567" Score="0" ViewCount="6484" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that it is recommended to write unit test before coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my question is related to test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When should I write test cases? When I already have written code or before it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5024" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T05:44:59.797" Title="When I should write Test Case?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-05-28T15:15:18.437" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5963" CreationDate="2013-05-28T00:16:58.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per your query,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I'm wanting a technology-agnostic resource that focuses on the goals&#xA;  and techniques, and maybe suggests tools to accomplish those&#xA;  techniques - but not something that is tied to a particular stack or&#xA;  toolset.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;..the first thing that came to my mind was the way &lt;strong&gt;Netflix&lt;/strong&gt; approaches their testing. Specifically, I thought of the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://techblog.netflix.com/2012/07/chaos-monkey-released-into-wild.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chao Monkey&lt;/a&gt; and some of their approaches to testing their web services.&lt;/strong&gt; They use many different technologies to test their services and they tend to open source a lot of it. You need to have some infrastructure to take advantage of it (since they are using the AWS, you would need to adapt it to your needs)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You asked &quot;Any recommendations? Is there a clear &quot;&lt;em&gt;best in class&lt;/em&gt;&quot; resource for this?&quot;: I would say that &lt;em&gt;Netflix is best in class&lt;/em&gt; and suggest looking at the whole Netflix infrastructure (start with the blog and and follow links to Github, etc). Since they are responsible for over &lt;a href=&quot;http://gigaom.com/2013/05/14/thats-a-lot-of-videos-youtube-now-responsible-for-17-of-home-internet-traffic/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;30% of all the traffic on the Internet&lt;/a&gt;, they know how to deal with Web services from a resiliency, performance, load, functionality, fail-over, load balancing, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your mileage might vary since it depends on the project you're apply this to. &lt;strong&gt;However, I think the goals, techniques, and tools to accomplish your testing can be found on their developer and technical blog pages.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="976" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T00:16:58.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6115" CreationDate="2013-05-28T01:20:36.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically, you can do testing at any point in the development cycle; therefore you can write test cases at any point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have &lt;strong&gt;requirements&lt;/strong&gt; to build from, you have the building blocks for test cases in the future. If you have code, you can write test cases while the code is being built. If you already have the code, you can write tests too. Do you have data? You can write test cases. Do you have configurations? You can write test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per your request, &quot;when should I write test cases?&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;. It depends on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your project?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what your role in the project is?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who's testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when does it need to be tested by?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regulated environment?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;target installation environment?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day, you need to take a look at your own &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/articles/hrbt.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;risks&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and apply your own &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diaspark.com/images/pdf/testing-heuristics-&amp;amp;-cognitive-approach-to-testing.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;heuristics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as to when your write test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="976" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T01:20:36.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6115" CreationDate="2013-05-28T01:26:33.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, TIKSN.  Since your question distinguishes between &lt;em&gt;unit tests&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;test cases&lt;/em&gt;, I assume you are asking about test cases written in English (or Armenian, or whatever) rather than automated tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will hear a variety of opinions about this.  Some people recommend writing the test cases before writing any code because the test cases help clarify details about the requirements.  Other people recommend writing the test cases after the code is finished (or at least functionally complete) because the requirements (and therefore the test cases) are likely to evolve as the code is written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The form of a written test case can vary from one person to the next, too.  Some people prefer test cases with detailed, step-by-step instructions.  Others prefer higher-level test cases that get the point across but stay out of the details.  I prefer to write higher-level test cases before writing code.  However, I also expect to revise my test cases as the code progresses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, it is interesting that you asked whether &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; should write the test cases.  If you work with a tester, they may prefer to write the test cases for you, or at least collaborate with you on the test cases.  There are several reasons why a tester might want to be involved; for example, if the tester knows about the test cases before the code is finished, they can plan for how much time and effort they will need to test your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T01:26:33.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6115" CreationDate="2013-05-28T05:44:59.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to your question, you can write test cases after the partial completion of code because once the code is ready then you will be able to decide the expected result. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the expected result is known then it will help you a lot in writing test cases and to decide the Pass/Fail criteria. If more than 60 % code is completed then it will help you in identifying : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What to verify&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Various combinations to be covered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exact features to be tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functions/areas where there is possibility of bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T05:44:59.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3381" CreationDate="2013-05-28T07:09:23.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any KPI you choose is going to fall afoul of the time-cost-quality triangle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6GBJE.png&quot; alt=&quot;Can't have em all&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can only optimize two of the three.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's say you pick bugs found in the field as your KPI.  Then you obviously want LOADS of testing done, to make sure it's exhaustive.  The problem? That costs time and money to achieve that quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about low time as your KPI - all tests completed in 3 days? That's pretty awesome if your team does that right?  Unfortunately, as you can probably predict, the quality will likely suffer, OR you can throw lots of money at it (thousand testers?) but that'll shoot the costs up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you count numbers of tests? I can break tests cases into as big (assert: the software works) or as little as you like (&amp;quot;page x field y accepts value 1 as input&amp;quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes down to it, setting KPIs changes the goals - people focus on the KPIs RATHER than what they're meant to measure - how well the quality of the software is being assured.  And even that is often subjective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So then, how about we just go with subjectivity? Often sounds painful to developers/testers who like numbers, but frankly, there are stakeholders and customers, and at the end of the day, it's what they think of the software that matters.  So ask them. Do annual surveys. Get them to rate aspects of the software. Is it getting worse or better? What's changing? Have there been more incidents coming in?  Ask the customers what you can do better for &lt;em&gt;their&lt;/em&gt; KPIs to improve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:13:29.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6102" CreationDate="2013-05-28T07:24:21.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can write the test cases for the above scenario as normal test cases. Just make sure that you cover the complete error codes in your test cases so that all can be covered and tested thoroughly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specific error messages along with each error code will be of great help for testers as well as developers in finding out the bug and fixing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T07:24:21.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2013-05-28T12:51:02.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case the send-keys is not working as the focus event is not working . Hence firstly we can  use executeScript  for getting the focus on the element.Once the focus is there then it will be possible to use send-keys method provided by webdriver api.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to get focus on the input you can do the following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js;&#xA;js.executeScript (&quot;document.getElementById('x').focus()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you add this line to your webdriver code (the focus will come on the element) then you just need to use send_keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5335" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T12:51:02.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6088" CreationDate="2013-05-28T13:12:23.190" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considering your description, the clarifications can be given as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirement&lt;/strong&gt; : It is the changing need of the stakeholders which is tried to fulfil by the development team at the time of developing the product&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use case&lt;/strong&gt; : After the requirements are clear, then the use cases can be designed/decided which will clear the overall flow of the system to developers first and then they can design the system accordingly. Once the flow is clear to them, then it becomes somehow simple to test the system by QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario&lt;/strong&gt; : It is the real-life situation in which the end-user/customer uses/interacts with the system and came across various failures(if there are any). Hence we generally used to say Real-world scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: For a particular project the &lt;strong&gt;requirements&lt;/strong&gt; are first being made clear by the Business Analyst. In the documentation and SRS part the &lt;strong&gt;Use cases&lt;/strong&gt; can be found out and the development tasks can be allotted to various developers according to that. When a user uses the system, then it becomes a &lt;strong&gt;scenario&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-10-06T12:03:26.477" LastActivityDate="2020-10-06T12:03:26.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6124" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6125" CreationDate="2013-05-28T08:55:07.417" Score="4" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to memory leaks and memory profiling. Kindly can anyone help me out in finding the answers of the below mentioned questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When to check a memory leak, during coding phase or testing phase? &#xA;Who is responsible for identification of memory leaks, Developer or Tester? &#xA;What is the best time to identify a memory leak?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Who is responsible to run a memory profiler like ANTS (Developer or tester) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="JHaider" LastEditorUserId="43591" LastEditDate="2020-02-12T12:18:14.030" LastActivityDate="2020-02-12T13:44:15.733" Title="Are memory leak identification and code profiling the developer's or tester's responsibility?" Tags="&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6124" CreationDate="2013-05-28T08:56:48.770" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's best to look for and identify all issues as early as possible. The QAs can pick this stuff up, but by then in a sense it's too late. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should (as a developer) look to identify and mitigate such issues as early as possible and &lt;em&gt;design&lt;/em&gt; for them, rather than patch post-development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's an oft-stated maxim that &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.programeter.com/post/1550840010/cost-of-bug-fixing-at-different-stages-of-sdlc&quot;&gt;to fix each bug/issue in a successive stage of development costs 10x what it does in the earlier stage&lt;/a&gt; (different figures are quoted sometimes but the magnitude remains the same), and as such resolving or avoiding issues as early as possible is the most desirable (cost-effective) outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="43591" OwnerDisplayName="Brian Agnew" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T08:56:48.770" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2947" CreationDate="2013-05-28T14:09:32.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me, the terminology &quot;non-functional&quot; is part of the problem, as it immediately implies a lack of something. Some people use &quot;cross-functional&quot; instead, or terms like &quot;constraints&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have found works well is to talk in terms of Features: end-user features and operational features. Focusing on the operational aspects opens up a dialogue with the Operations team to cover things like performance, scalability, resilience, etc., and talking about both groups of requirements as &quot;features&quot; means they tend to get treated as the &quot;same kind of thing&quot; and can be prioritised together in the same backlog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, by having the product owner responsible for the operability of the software (i.e. she gets woken up at 2am when the site goes down), you soon see &quot;non-functional&quot; or operational concerns prioritised higher in the product backlog!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A recent article in the DevOpsFriday newsletter covers this (note: I am the interviewee in the article): &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.softwareoperability.com/2013/05/05/software-operability-article-in-devopsfriday/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.softwareoperability.com/2013/05/05/software-operability-article-in-devopsfriday/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this is of use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5336" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T14:09:32.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="75" CreationDate="2013-05-28T14:20:16.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alan's answer is spot on with the &quot;-ilities&quot;. I also recommend that you buy a copy of &lt;em&gt;Release It!&lt;/em&gt; by Michael Nygard - it's the key book for software developers and testers to help them understand what kind of things make software fail to operate well in Production. It will give you great insights into the kinds of &quot;non-functional&quot; or operational testing which you need to undertake on any non-trivial software system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I identified several key chapters/pages in &lt;em&gt;Release It!&lt;/em&gt; in terms of making software work well in production in a blog post here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.softwareoperability.com/2013/01/26/which-sections-of-release-it-help-to-make-software-operable/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.softwareoperability.com/2013/01/26/which-sections-of-release-it-help-to-make-software-operable/&lt;/a&gt; These pages would be a good starting point for the kinds of operational testing you should be doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5336" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T14:20:16.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6085" CreationDate="2013-05-28T14:32:19.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your output from Selenium Webdriver is in JUnit format, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://reportng.uncommons.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ReportNG&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to format it to the way you need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not currently outputting the your results in JUnit format, you will need to configure ant to output the reports in XML format (as per this &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selftechy.com/2011/06/29/selenium-use-ant-to-generate-html-reports&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="976" LastActivityDate="2013-05-28T14:32:19.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6131" CreationDate="2013-05-29T10:11:42.280" Score="4" ViewCount="4013" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm in the process of trying to teach my team the ins and outs of Quality Assurance, but am running into some challenges distilling &quot;QA&quot; to its base elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have many years of experience that spans all areas of development, QA, Graphic Arts, Engineering, now business and marketing, and now have a small team of under 10 whom are all junior (less than 1 year of actual production experience) developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for some resources that break down the QA process to something they can quickly adapt and learn, ultimately to build up a skill-set over time. For myself, I'm from the era of self-taught development and learned the bulk of my understand of QA from working in a large publisher environment for many years. I am assuming it is my teaching technique (likely) or approach that is falling short in getting the team understanding why QA is important and how it fits in to development. They are workable right now, but are not yet really 'clicking' with the process and the quality of bugs reported right now are lacking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick, is how to pass some of this down to my team so they get the salient points first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any chance someone here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can point me to any online resources that get to the basics on QA?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can point me to a short-form list of best-practices in bug-reporting?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other resources that may be useful in on boarding/teaching the team&#xA;with a QA mindset? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;perhaps connect me with someone who can help&#xA;flush these out?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is greatly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5341" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:20:25.943" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:20:25.943" Title="Teaching Quality Assurance (QA) Methods" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6129" CreationDate="2013-05-29T10:42:48.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quality Assurance means ensuring the client that all the quality attributes are achieved while developing the product. Now that you have a team under you and that team is to be trained for doing QA, a thorough system/domain knowledge will be very much helpful in finding out the actual and expected behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to find out what is not working is helpful for QA people than believing that everything is working fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use JIRA(bug filing tool) for filing the bugs properly. While filing a bug following components should be specified clearly, if possible : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue (Bug) Components&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Summary (Short one line statement of what's wrong exactly)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority (Assign priority from &lt;strong&gt;P0(Severe) to P5(Low effect)&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix Version (&lt;strong&gt;Commit ID&lt;/strong&gt; for the commited code if you have)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment (Staging / Production)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Description (Step by step description of &lt;strong&gt;reproducing&lt;/strong&gt; the issue)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are helpful and should be included as appropriate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen shots (along with valid names)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen recordings (using tools like &lt;strong&gt;CamStudio, ALLCapture&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Net Activity Logs (Logs form Net Panel i.e. &lt;strong&gt;Firebug&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you may refer the following link for detailed description : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the team wants to be more efficient in QA, daily/weekly standups/scrum with the developers&#xA;would be of great help. In the standup, discussing about the high priority issues will help the developers in keeping track of the important stuff that is to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After resoultion of the issues those should be re-tested by QA to verify that they are not reproducible anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastEditorUserId="5298" LastEditDate="2013-05-30T05:09:41.650" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T05:09:41.650" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6129" CreationDate="2013-05-29T12:08:50.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A thumbnail definition I've used on occasion is &quot;unit tests and good development practice make sure it's built right. QA/Test also tries to make sure we're building the right 'it'&quot; - that is, tester focus tends to be more broad-based and with an eye towards the presumed end user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the resources I'd recommend are active here: Joe Strazzere (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;All Things Quality&lt;/a&gt;), Alan Page (&lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tooth of the Weasel&lt;/a&gt;). There's also the folks at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://sqaforums.com/forums/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQA Forums&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few other points you might like to make: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tester mindset is usually different than developer mindset. Developers focus on building something according to the rules (requirements, user stories and such) they've been given. Testers look at those rules and ask &quot;what happens if I break them?&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing/QA isn't about being the gatekeeper (&quot;Your code SHALL NOT PASS!&quot;). It's about giving the rest of the team valuable information about the software. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nothing above the most basic can be fully tested. The built in calculator in most operating systems is a good example. It's simply impossible to check that all four basic functions work all the time (if your team hasn't been exposed to combinatorial math yet, this is a good place to start them - just to fully test addition of two single digits you're talking 100 (I think) tests. To add three single digits, that's 1000 tests. And so on... This is why the black art of testing is to work out where the boundaries are and test at those (and why testers are breakers-of-rules - each rule is a boundary).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No software ever goes live without bugs. Ever. Because nothing can be fully tested, things get missed. Testing and coding work together to keep the worst ones out of production - mostly. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Improving the quality of your team's bug reports is something that can happen over time. You might like to highlight the best ones that are reported and point out why they're good - and do that with both the good bugs and the good reports (as I'm sure you know, the two aren't necessarily the same). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not big on rigid formats or best practices (most of my answers here start with &quot;It depends...&quot;), but some good guidelines for bug reports are based off the What/Where/When/How pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; - Describe the behavior of the bug versus what the tester expected to happen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where&lt;/strong&gt; - Where in the system is the problem happening (i.e., the environment). Is it only related to one configuration, or does it happen across multiple configurations. Is it browser or operating system specific?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; - If possible, give some kind of idea when the problem started happening. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How&lt;/strong&gt; - How do you make it happen? Can the tester force it to happen every time or is it one of those annoying intermittent things?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optionally, &lt;strong&gt;Who&lt;/strong&gt; - If active development is happening in module X and something breaks in module X, that development is probably &quot;who&quot; broke it. This isn't about assigning blame - it's about discovering unintended consequences. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-05-29T12:08:50.367" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6129" CreationDate="2013-05-29T12:49:24.590" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would strongly recommend that you consider signing up your team for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Association for Software Testing's excellent BBST series.&lt;/a&gt; It's a great introduction to the foundational concepts they'll need to understand why we test, but will also challenge them to improve their skills at explaining and analysing their ideas about testing and expose them to discussions with a variety of testers from across the world who work in all sorts of different contexts. The course is based on the materials in the link below (which are freely available), but includes so much more, in terms of practical exercises, tutor and peer feedback, that it's well worth the (small) investment in time and money. My team signed up our (at the time) junior developer and tester, and they both enjoyed the course and learnt a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you feel that you want something a bit quicker, then I'd suggest that you check out the excellent resources at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/&lt;/a&gt; - and select a subset of those you think most relevant to your team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/foundations/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Foundations stuff&lt;/a&gt;, the videos for lectures 2 and 5 sound pretty relevant at the moment. There's also the Bug Advocacy course, but as there's a lot of material there you might want to just pick lecture 6 (writing a better bug report) as a start - it walks through a handy mnemonic (RIMGEA) that's a great set of steps to apply to your bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2013-05-29T12:49:24.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6090" CreationDate="2013-05-29T23:44:56.010" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll throw out a couple of definitions so I can answer the question with an esoteric and abstract response:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A functional piece of code is any operation that makes changes to a finite system (in other words, a computer.) It is important to realize that there are only a finite number of configurations that can occur on a computer. Obviously, a functional piece of code will not operate on the entire computer, so this finite system is often restricted to be some subset of the computer. This restriction is typically dependent on the functional piece of code itself, and not any grouping of functional pieces. The changes that a functional piece of code makes is referred to as an algorithm.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two functional pieces of code are said to be independent if the restricted systems above are disjoint. This comes out of the definition of the restriction, and this definition should be immediately clear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So clearly, if we have n independent functional pieces, then it suffices that we can perform n tests on these functional pieces of code. A test here is defined as the minimum number of actions that are needed to accurately determine the algorithm of each functional piece of code. (In other words, we only need to test independent components individually.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, it is rarely the case that functional pieces of code are completely independent. Typically, there is some shared overlap that is involved between these functional pieces. However, we can transform each of these regions into independent regions by breaking them down into components that overlap, and components that don't overlap. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To see this via set theory notation, let AB be the intersection of two sets, and A' be the complement of A. We can then form ABC, A'BC, AB'C, ABC', A'B'C, A'BC', AB'C', A'B'C'. We can always perform this decomposition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything that has 'all but one prime' is what people typically think of when they think of a unit test: AB'C' is the functionality of A that does not involve B or C. Integration tests typically involve more than one component, and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have n functional pieces of code, then there up to 2^n possible ways they could all overlap with each other. So if you manage to break these into 2^n independent functional pieces, and then test every piece, you'll have fully tested your product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck doing this in practice, however, for the number of possible arrangements will be quite large, and they won't always be easy to identify (and often not easy at all).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5347" LastActivityDate="2013-05-29T23:44:56.010" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6134" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-30T00:20:37.053" Score="4" ViewCount="1924" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since Agile is iterative and many test-last tools are record and playback-style, and therefore can't really be applied in an Agile environment, this brings up a few issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the target for test is changing, rapidly - making it very difficult to automate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;by the time the target code has settled, the sprint/iteration is over, and you're on to new tasks (at least in the PM/BA's mind)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;resource management is difficult - 'if project A is 'done' (shipped) why are you now doing automation for it' may be asked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What strategy can be applied in an agile environment to ease the pain of these moving targets / project-resource misalignment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T12:47:45.170" Title="Test Automation in Agile?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6134" CreationDate="2013-05-30T02:43:30.700" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on what you're trying to achieve with your automated tests. The answer should drive your approach. Are you trying to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce regressions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce the amount of repetitive manual checking your testers have to do? (This may be the same thing as reducing regressions.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;please a manager with some magic numbers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test first. Make your automated tests drive the development instead of the other way around. (Think about writing tests that will tell you when you're done, rather than tests that check what you've done after it's complete.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change your definition of done to include the existence of tests (or some level of test coverage, or whatever metric works for you or your manager).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, I would try and avoid record and playback style tools if possible (I'm assuming you're talking about something like Selenium IDE here.) In my experience they tend to be both slow and fragile. I've never gotten much return on investment from those types of tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5349" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T02:43:30.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6134" CreationDate="2013-05-30T03:42:49.413" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;An answer - as Phil implied, is that you take every record and playback tool you can find, and burn them in a fiery pit of despair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I probably got myself a down vote for that, so I'll try to earn it back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good Agile teams test constantly - not just at the end. If you include test design as part of feature design (and consider how the feature will be tested as it's designed), you won't have to write GUI automation - you can automate at the controller level, or through another abstraction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automating the GUI directly is rarely a good idea - even on &quot;test-last&quot; teams. Instead focus on what &quot;quality&quot; looks like for the feature, and work as a team to implement all of the tasks necessary to get to &quot;done&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="72" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T03:42:49.413" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6134" CreationDate="2013-05-30T03:57:45.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Assumption &quot;Agile is iterative and many test-last tools are record and playback-style&quot; is incorrect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tools are developed / adopted for managing repetitive tests, reusuable tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The feature developed might be in iterative phases, In such cases automation need to be developed for stable feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation has its own resource allocation, planning and execution. Automation benefits are typically in multiple cycles. Do not mix manual test efforts vs automation resource allocation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation strategy need to be planned based on project resources, timelines. The points you have highlighted are perceptions, They do not represent a maturity of automation area&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T03:57:45.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6139" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-05-30T05:59:43.290" Score="-2" ViewCount="1937" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have searched about automation testing and got idea what it is! but have not found any proper definition regarding AUTOMATION TESTING. Please help me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T12:12:44.897" Title="Define automation testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-06-05T15:43:13.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6134" CreationDate="2013-05-30T11:56:40.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds rather like you have the typical &quot;agile-but...&quot; implementation going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are ways around it that avoid the overhead and issues that go along with GUI-based automation (which can be done without record/playback - the things I'm doing with Microsoft's CodedUI right now were probably never considered when they devised the tool). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few thoughts here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit testing - is this happening as part of the development? Good unit testing reduces the amount of automation that needs to happen at higher levels (you don't need to exhaustively test processing logic but can focus on integration issues and missed scenarios).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there an API to work with? If there is, you can be building your automation with placeholders for the new fields until you know definitively what they'll be (if you're really lucky, there's a consistent naming convention that will allow you to get the correct field names most of the time. So far I haven't been lucky, but maybe one day...).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How well does your existing automation support plugging in new functionality? It doesn't matter whether you're dealing with GUI automation or not: if you've got well-structured automation code, new functionality can be very easy to add.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does your GUI automation allow you to add new tests around existing functionality easily? While it's better, as Alan says, to avoid GUI automation if you can, that isn't always possible. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can the functional/GUI automation be handled by developers as well? This requires automation-complete being part of the definition of done, but if it can be done helps to prevent future issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your issues with automating last and not having time for it, I'd recommend the term &quot;technical debt&quot;. I presume the automation after code-complete is partly due to a changing GUI, and partly because the automation is going into a regression suite. What happens if there's any skimping on that automation is that you'll find customer-reported bugs clustering in the areas of the application that don't have good automation coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience with this is probably typical - a large, complex business-to-business application where the pace of development and a chronically short-handed test team left gaping holes in automated regression. Most of the regression had to be GUI-based and large chunks of the application are grandfathered in from before object-oriented coding was a gleam in anyone's eye. They're not unit tested because they're not unit testable. The majority of customer bug reports were in the areas that didn't have automated regression running against them. The rest were edge cases - sometimes so far on the edge it wasn't worth automating them (&quot;if the operating system crashes during this operation the data is corrupted, but only if you have the configuration that only one person in the known universe uses because it breaks every business rule in the system&quot;). The more automation holes we were able to fill in, the fewer simple bugs escaped to customers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=======&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T11:56:40.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6139" CreationDate="2013-05-30T12:12:44.897" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you meant &quot;Automated Testing&quot; rather than &quot;Automation Testing&quot;. Here's the definition I use in my daily activities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Testing which is performed, to a greater or lesser extent, by a&#xA;  computer, rather than manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's part of a Glossary of Terms I have developed over the years that comes in handy when answering this sort of question. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use a Glossary internally within my QA Team, and externally as well. It often helps when everyone on your team uses the same words for the same terms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-05-30T12:12:44.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2013-05-30T15:59:22.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An approach that I took I took recently to this was to capture to response via fiddler. In my case I am making a call directly to the export handler in our application. I have wrapped the selenium bits and intercepted the traffic with fiddler core.  I actually just cared about the data in the file not that the browser correctly interpreted the request. You could also accomplish this using the a click action as well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;static string Test2ExportGeneration()&#xA;{&#xA;    IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;    FiddlerApplication.Startup(8877, true, true);&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;Session&amp;gt; oAllSessions = new List&amp;lt;Session&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;    LoginPage login = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    //PerformancePage perf = new PerformancePage(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    FiddlerApplication.AfterSessionComplete += delegate(Session oS)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Monitor.Enter(oAllSessions);&#xA;        oAllSessions.Add(oS);&#xA;        Monitor.Exit(oAllSessions);&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(test2BaseURL + &amp;quot;login.aspx&amp;quot;);&#xA;    login.LoginToView(&amp;quot;test123@test123.com&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;pw&amp;quot;);&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(test2BaseURL + &amp;quot;/handlers/export.ashx?id=74&amp;amp;accountId=164&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    FiddlerApplication.Shutdown();&#xA;    &#xA;    driver.Quit();&#xA;    string responseBody = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    foreach (Session oS in oAllSessions)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (oS.fullUrl.Contains(&amp;quot;handlers&amp;quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            oS.utilDecodeResponse();&#xA;            string type = oS.oResponse.MIMEType;&#xA;&#xA;            responseBody = oS.GetResponseBodyAsString();&#xA;            &#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    return responseBody;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;GetResponseBodyAsString()&lt;/code&gt; method in FiddlerCore unpacks the response and returns a string I can then manipulate and work with in code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using C# and WebDriver for my implementation.  If you are using a different language I think there are some other tools as well.  I my opinion the advantage of this is that I can strip away having to try to interact with the file download mechanisms of any of the browsers.  If I want to create the file later all of the information the browser would have received is in the response header.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-24T20:18:47.933" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T20:18:47.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6146" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6147" CreationDate="2013-05-31T10:12:24.680" Score="0" ViewCount="1242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently started working in a team that tests Retail applications such as EPOS (end point of sale - tills) I would like to automate this testing and would like to ask if anyone has any experience in this area and if any has any ideas/comments on this? I am in the progress of setting up a virtual environment to make automation possible, and am now at the stage of thinking which automation tool to use and how long this is going to take etc. I'm thinking currently of Selenium Webdriver if possible as this can be coded in Java which will make everything much more user friendly and editable by less experienced testers. &#xA;Any ideas/help welcome. :)&#xA;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="915" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T12:39:24.967" Title="Automating tests in EPOS systems" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6146" CreationDate="2013-05-31T12:10:35.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I spent about 7 years testing a large, complex application that included point of sale with tills in its feature set so I have some experience in the area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's some things I'd consider in your situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the tool you're considering allow you to get past the interface to either an API or the components on the screen? If not, it will be much more difficult to build robust automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the POS software reporting sales to a database? If it is, you will definitely want to include database checking to ensure that the sales are correctly reported. You may also need to include checking of generated sales reports.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the POS software handle its own credit card authorizations, or is that done by a third party? If the software handles its own authorization, you're going to need to include credit card testing in some form (and depending on where you are, compliance testing as well to ensure that storage of credit card data meets the rules of your region). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the software stores sensitive or personal data (names, addresses, social security... anything that can be used to identify the person who made the purchase) there are additional compliance rules you'll want to cover.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tax calcs. If the application does its own tax calculations, you'll need to test them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Virtual environments are great for this kind of thing, provided you have the server and/or cloud space for them. The thing to watch for is that automation can be very I/O intensive, which tends to be a bottleneck in automation at the best of times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice is to start by automating basic transaction processing in POS software - start the software, select something, pay for it, check database and wherever else information  gets stored, shut everything down. This kind of thing grows exponentially depending on the different kinds of sales supported (does everything have a single button, menu navigation in the POS system, is there extra data being entered like weight for produce sales), the complexity of the tax support, the number of ways the system can be configured, and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd strongly suggest data driving and modularizing your tests: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have a setup routine that populates the system with a known starting data set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a logon routine that can take parameters so you can log in as a cashier or a supervisor (who will have access to different functions but start with a cashier view and make it possible to pass in user name/password to log in)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an item selection routine you can give the hook to pick the item on the screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a payment routine you can upgrade to handle all the interesting combinations of payments that are likely to occur&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an end-state data check that covers any changes your tests will have made (this is less useful than checking after each transaction, but it's also typically a lot easier to implement because you can just pull everything from every data store that's been impacted and run a line-by-line or cell-by-cell comparison. Ultimately you'll want both)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a tear-down that exports your results and leaves things in their ready-for-test state.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is going to take you a long time to make it work. I can offer a starting point in the form of a test data management app (which is still very much in alpha but will let you create all your test data in a database with semi-decent web front-end. I'm using it to drive the tests I'm writing with a bastardized framework that starts with Microsoft Coded UI testing - environment requirements are SQL server 2008 (express will work) and dot net 4.5) (In case you hadn't noticed, I'm a BIG fan of data driving tests so that new tests are a case of adding data, not adding code).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mention being concerned that your less experienced testers be able to create new tests - in my view the best way to do this is to have a data framework that your automation consumes. It takes a lot more time up front to set up, but can be done with most automation tools, and once it reaches a reasonable maturity level, adding new tests requires little if any coding.  The framework I'm developing is coupled with data to the extent that to add a new test involving data entry to a web form the only technical knowledge required is how to find the text field ID and the button ID (I'll get to other types of web component...) - basically right-click on the page, pick view source, and find the field I'm looking to automate, then put its ID into the database and I've got my automation. The coding I'm doing to support this is pretty... interesting (and would probably give programmers fits - but it's a start, and I'm doing this part time). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's my advice for what it's worth - if your tested apps are simpler than the things I've had to deal with, feel free to ignore all of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-05-31T12:10:35.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6134" CreationDate="2013-05-31T13:17:34.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our test team, we are working alongside developers in agile teams and we use (to some degree) a test system like you're referring to. There are a few reasons why this isn't as much of a problem as you'd think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Many GUI test applications are pretty tolerant of changes to the UI and can be modified without re-recording. For example, if the developer goes back and changes a textbox to a dropdown, this isn't more than a 2 minute chance to the test to use the new element. Moving or renaming elements is fairly inconsequential.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) In most Agile teams (certainly any I've worked with), user stories are geared toward completing user goals. This means that very often a piece of an interface is completed in accomplishing a user story and it doesn't change very much after that. Once the tests are written for it, they don't change much either. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the last two bullet points, that's all about culture. Testing needs to be part of the project, not something that people do once the project is done. In our teams, user stories aren't complete until the tests have been written and successfully run - that includes all automation. The way I usually put it is this: If my tests aren't written and haven't all succeeded, how do you know you're done coding?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-05-31T13:17:34.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6150" CreationDate="2013-05-31T13:39:50.350" Score="5" ViewCount="2175" Body="&lt;p&gt;I come out of quite a few years as a software engineering, but now I'm completely focused on testing. Our team has been trying to expand our automated tests and, to me, this means a lot of coding. I wanted to get an idea of what other people in this field thought though, in case this is simply a result of my development background. Do any of you find that there are other ways to achieve extensive test automation without a big focus on coding those tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-06-11T18:22:37.380" Title="How much coding do you do in building automated tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6149" CreationDate="2013-05-31T13:57:53.290" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Daniel.  Sometimes there are dedicated tools/products you can purchase for specific kinds of testing.  For example, there are companies that provide software packages specifically for testing network devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For most of us though, test automation means writing code.  Sometimes there are ways to cut down on the amount of code you write.  If you aren't using a test framework (e.g. JUnit for Java), you should consider doing so.  A test framework can cut down on some of the low-level coding work and can handle reporting for you, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes there seems to be a lot of code to write because you face a combinatorial test problem, i.e. a problem in which you have many independent variables to test, and each test has many possible values.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=combinatorial%20testing&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=combinatorial%20testing&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coming from a development background, your inclination may be to write unit tests for developers who choose not to write their own.  That can be a lot of work, and once you're done, you may be stuck maintaining them yourself; if a developer doesn't want to write unit tests, they may not want to maintain them either.  I recommend focusing on integration- and system-level tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't necessarily need to write tests for everything.  If a part of the product isn't used much or is unlikely to break (the classic example of the latter is setters and getters on a Java bean), automated tests may not be worth the effort.  James Whittaker and some other Google engineers wrote &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321803027&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a pretty good book&lt;/a&gt; that covers those trade-offs; I'm sure there are many other books that cover similar material.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-05-31T17:59:09.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6151" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6152" CreationDate="2013-05-31T14:32:28.283" Score="1" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my firm, we have the practice that the test phase is made by the same people who develop the software and you are responsible for what the client does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The organization has 2-3 software packages with a lot of code that is always modified every day in each part or we add new functions to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please can you tell me what the professionals (if there are) do to leave all the development and&#xA;test to the same people (1) and the tests &#xA;and what are the cons (if there are) to assigning testing to another person or team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you show me a model of the testing process that has been successfully applied and that works well in a firm of 50 people who work on different projects, divided into teams of 3-4 people?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5359" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:20:07.387" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:20:53.633" Title="Testing phase in the development" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6151" CreationDate="2013-05-31T15:05:53.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer to your question is that if the same person does both the development and the testing, he's going to bring a lot of assumptions into the tests. On the other hand, he probably already knows the weak points and how the code works, so he's got a lot to offer in the testing process too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't sound like you have dedicated testers, so working in those constraints, I think one of the first steps you could do to improve your tests would be to have coming up with and designing test cases be a collaborative process. With teams of 3 or 4, that shouldn't add too much overhead to people's jobs and will get more diverse ideas into the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having dedicated QA engineers really has value. Quality and testing, not the development of features or behaviours, is going to be on their mind full time and they're going to add a lot of depth to your testing, but I don't know if that's an option available to you in your organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:20:14.907" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:20:14.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6149" CreationDate="2013-06-01T08:57:55.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One more way to limit development effort is to build your own test framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will hide behind the scene boilerplate code that your testers write in each and every test case again and again. Those are: establishing database or Web service connections, generating test data of the same type, assertions, etc. For sure, there is no need to re-invent a wheel in all cases. There are test frameworks that address technical problems common for different business domains, like TestNG for test driving and reporting, WebDrivers for testing browsers, XML libraries for comparing XML documents and so on. However, there are also patterns specific only for your business domain, your system and your project that none of existing frameworks has covered. Bank domain will be interested in simplifying creation of bank statements and their verification, in airline industry creation of bookings and verification of booking processing can be simplified. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By identifying both technical and business patterns in your test cases, you will be able build your test framework, often on the top of existing technical frameworks like TestNG, Selenium, etc. You will wrap those patterns with Domain Specific Language (DSL), so your tests will stop looking like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;BankStatement statement = new BankStatement().&#xA;Transaction t = new Transaction();&#xA;t.setAmount(...);&#xA;statemet.addTransaction(t);&#xA;try {&#xA;   DBConnection conn = DB.getConnection();&#xA;   conn.execute(&quot;INSERT INTO Statement (...) VALUE (...)&quot;);&#xA;   conn.close();&#xA;} catch(SQLException e) {&#xA;   ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and starting looking like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;createBankStatement()&#xA;   .withTransaction()&#xA;      .ofAmount(...);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way your testers will be able to focus on investing good test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, some development will still be necessary, as no test framework is complete once and forever. Your testers will be inventing test cases that cannot be supported by your test framework, so they will need to extend it with new features. Those features can be written by them and incorporated into the framework by you and then shared with others, or testers may submit feature requests that will drive your work on developing the framework. Either way, it will grow and become useful to everyone in your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2013-06-01T08:57:55.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6154" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-01T09:51:54.873" Score="3" ViewCount="268" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We and devs are an Agile team and finally managed to work in parallel on development and testing within an iteration. When developers were working on new features, we were automating test scenarios, preparing test data, implementing fixtures and talking to developers to expose necessary interfaces for those fixtures. So, when developers delivered the features implemented, we already had tests automated to run. That was very encouraging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we found some tests failing because of errors in the tests, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NullPointerExceptions in fixtures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some configuration required by the tested component was not provided by the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some small differences in naming convention of expected results (devs called them differently) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since devs delivered the feature on the last day of the iteration, we didn't have much time to fix our tests and stories were carried over for the next iteration. What are the ways to address this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proposed solutions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make devs deliver stories for testing quickier, so we have time to verify our tests as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test our tests before getting the feature from devs.  Some problems could be, in fact, avoided with unit testing of fixtures, but others would require mocking the system/feature. That's a lot more work from our side.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We focus on automating integration tests. Those are quite high-level tests, but maybe we are still too tightly coupled with interfaces which the devs expose to us and instead should we focus on less-coupled end-to-end tests? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:45:04.497" LastActivityDate="2019-05-08T02:01:47.053" Title="How to test your tests without having the system under test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5594" CreationDate="2013-06-02T14:42:07.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think they can. It is correct that QA usually handles the major part of testing i.e. the various types of testing. Regarding UI what I have seen is when UI development is going on, usually the opinion of QA is taken into consideration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA knows : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the system's purpose as in how the system will be acting under normal and unexpected situations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the type of user that will be using the system &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because the QA has some experience on which and what parts the user may got stuck and may become somewhat frustrated or helpless. In those cases, the QA suggests the UI developer about the overall &lt;strong&gt;look and feel&lt;/strong&gt; of the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those opinions are many times correct and taken into consideration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-06-02T14:42:07.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6154" CreationDate="2013-06-02T15:17:19.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The situation you had given here is really generic and it is in many organizations. For your above problem I can suggest some possible solutions which I had seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;According to your solution 1, you can ask for the developers to do their dev tasks quickly if possible so that maximum testing coverage can be given.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In case of new feature which the devs will be adding to your existing system, make sure that after their development you can do : Regression Testing (to check that the new feature will not affect the existing functionality of the system) and also make sure that the new feature is completely tested by your QA team until it is &lt;strong&gt;completely stable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(I know that in Agile, you have much less time for complete testing but that is how the quality can be best achieved without having the stories/tests to be carried over the next iteration)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rest your approach is perfectly fine of developing the automated tests until the fature is being developed by the devs. That's really awsome and helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main advantage you may get by having these solutions implemented is &lt;strong&gt;completely stable feature can be released&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;probability of automated test failure will be less&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Second Answer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me tell you the workflow for my team in short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;1. Developers (abroad) first develop the feature and then it is ready to test. &lt;br&gt; 2. Then that feature comes to a &lt;strong&gt;feature testing&lt;/strong&gt; team.&lt;br/&gt;3.The feature testing team is completely responsible for manual testing first, and then the development of automated tests.&lt;br/&gt;4. After that the feature testing team will declare that feature as &lt;strong&gt;stable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;5. The new feature can then be released and before releasing it may come to Regression Testing team for regression.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;In this way, the testing can be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastEditorUserId="5298" LastEditDate="2013-06-06T06:55:56.393" LastActivityDate="2013-06-06T06:55:56.393" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6149" CreationDate="2013-06-02T15:58:09.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good question I must say. It seems from your question that you are thinking in a proper direction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually it is to be taken into consideration that &lt;strong&gt;Full automation&lt;/strong&gt; for any system is not possible as there are some checklists that are to be done manually like load, stress testing etc and some more.(Obviously it will depend on the system under consideration)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The amount of coding required for doing automation depends upon &lt;strong&gt;how much part of the system&lt;/strong&gt; you want to automate. The more you want to lessen the efforts for testing and cover the test cases the more code you may have to write (In most of the cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now a days Selenium IDE like tools provide you with the facility to write less code and automate your web applications just by recording via IDE.&#xA;In those cases you have to enhance the script for maximum test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastEditorUserId="5298" LastEditDate="2013-06-03T03:11:42.347" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T03:11:42.347" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6151" CreationDate="2013-06-02T16:21:07.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are thoughts from my experience in making a transition, small team, no dedicated testers towards adding a test member. Your situation (company, product, customers, technology) is probably different that I experienced, so please take caution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;At some point in the project, frequent releases of new functionality &#xA;requires the overhead of running regression testing on the old functionality. It can be more effective to have a test team handle the regression testing, so the developers can concentrate on new functionality.  (preferred automated regression)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be careful when introducing a test team member, and make sure that&lt;br&gt;&#xA;the current developers don't relax their personally quality&lt;br&gt;&#xA;standards.  The current dev team should not relax, assuming the test &#xA;team will take on the testing they were previously doing. This may&lt;br&gt;&#xA;cause a paradox, adding testers results in poor quality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you have multiple project teams.  Perhaps try your new    practice on one team only, as an experiment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:20:35.743" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:20:35.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2013-06-02T16:53:36.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if you came across a suitable tool, but you may want to consider a tool that I have been developing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testlodge.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLodge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main aim of the tool is to keep people productive by only providing the essential features to get the job done, which is ideal for someone who is just starting out with this kind of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps,&#xA;Scott&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastEditorUserId="5365" LastEditDate="2013-06-02T17:01:52.420" LastActivityDate="2013-06-02T17:01:52.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2013-06-02T17:04:28.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try RTH(&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/rth/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sourceforge.net/projects/rth/&lt;/a&gt;). It supports a lot of stuffs but I am not sure of the support of scenario linking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5192" LastActivityDate="2013-06-02T17:04:28.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-02T17:19:37.607" Score="2" ViewCount="341" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my previous company we had a practice of doing smoke testing for 10 minutes before code commit by the developer. A QA need to sit with the associate developer and need to perform a quick smoke test(for details, you may see my blog post &lt;a href=&quot;http://shantonusarker.blogspot.com/2012/09/pre-qa-essential-step-in-agilekan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://shantonusarker.blogspot.com/2012/09/pre-qa-essential-step-in-agilekan.html&lt;/a&gt;). &#xA;We are used to follow KAN BAN(customized).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What should be QA mind set while testing this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the things need to take care about? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How they will interact on bug found or not found?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can the QA person keep tracking the side issues that arise while working on the assigned task?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to make a report to QA team on the test action that he just performed? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had a practice, but I just want to know if there is more interesting ideas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5192" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-06-02T21:18:58.387" LastActivityDate="2013-06-02T21:18:58.387" Title="What should be a role of a QA person who is doing Pair Testing with a Developer before code commit?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="10" ClosedDate="2013-06-27T15:39:55.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6154" CreationDate="2013-06-03T01:17:31.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can unit test your own tests as well (we start sounding very meta here - test your tests that test the code) :)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Provide sample input that your tests can use and parse as what should be expected valid/invalid inputs.  Confirm the output.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Build tests for the software that expects input.  Treat it as test-driven development - the software passes when it passes these regression/acceptance tests that you've constructed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;as devs build or design features, they could give you the component names, or settle on a naming convention that they sign off on. That way they have to stick to it - or they've failed your test for having the wrong component name.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;have one iteration with manual tests, and propose automating the previous feature in the next iteration. It means you're one step 'behind' in a way, but it also means you have the option of always having something to test against. Depends what your deadlines are like and how strict your company is with Agile workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The joys of Agile mean you may have trouble fitting this into your environment, as we all do, but it's a case of working with what you have and seeing which best fits your environment / working habits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-06-03T17:18:18.383" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T17:18:18.383" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1274" CreationDate="2013-06-03T05:48:50.017" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;While using the ASCII valid (\u008) is valid, there are already defines for this which makes your code more readable, as such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.sendKeys(Keys.BACK_SPACE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a list of the key names, there's some &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/Keys.html&quot;&gt;official documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T05:48:50.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6165" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-03T07:28:48.723" Score="-2" ViewCount="1293" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium. Anybody can please write down Selenium Test Cases for yahoo login form. It will be really appreciated, if someone help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-17T22:15:54.393" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T08:22:57.170" Title="Required Selenium Test Cases for Yahoo Login Form" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-05-01T23:23:33.593" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6165" CreationDate="2013-06-03T08:18:14.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good way to start learning selenium is to use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; to record a sequence of steps in the browser; then export it to a WebDriver script, and refactor it into a robust testcase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-06-03T11:20:28.907" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T11:20:28.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6167" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-03T10:07:37.190" Score="4" ViewCount="4146" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can any one throw some ideas for the best approach for implementation of page object in the below case? - The more the ideas the better - please do write what ever you think small or big dosent matter......&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to implement Page Objects for an application that has a page layout shown below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see there are 4 types of sections to the page broadly - they are cross product of {static, dynamic} and {Unique to one page, Reusable across several pages}.&#xA;The challenging bit is that an user action ie click of a button, brings more UI elements to the web page  and those are not a finite set and (obviously) identification mechanism of all the web elements of a particular context in such repeating sections will only differ by numbers.  i.e (id = xyz_1, id=xyz_2,  id=xyz_3) . (plz refer to the steps below if i have confused you).&#xA;I want to reuse as much as i can of-course coz every change on UI could prove particularly very expensive if I don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using C# and we are a Microsoft shop here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clicking on &quot;Add One More&quot; button adds a similar section to the page and the page can grow as long indefinitely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clicking on the last &quot;Add One More&quot; button will add a set of sections all over again to the page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each menu item in the left pannel is either a stage in a work flow (have to go sequential one after another) or just data acquisition buckets (no mandate of previous to be complete to proceed with the next). Next and Previous buttons facilitate the movement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CrjSG.png&quot; alt=&quot;wireframe&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5371" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-07-04T15:22:57.210" LastActivityDate="2013-07-04T15:22:57.210" Title="How to implement Page Objects Pattern for an utter dynamic page" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6168" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-03T11:24:00.077" Score="1" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my career, I have used a variety of issue tracking systems to post bugs. I have written a small article on what should be present ideally in a bug post (&lt;a href=&quot;http://shantonusarker.blogspot.com/2012/09/a-good-bug-report.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://shantonusarker.blogspot.com/2012/09/a-good-bug-report.html&lt;/a&gt;). &#xA;But my question is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the minimum information that you think you must have in a ideal bug post&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many more types of information can be added to bug posts that are mentioned in that article.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, what you are doing in bug posting in your company? If you explain in a brief way, I can make a summary of my findings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5192" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-06-03T16:42:26.493" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T16:42:26.493" Title="What should be a ideal Bug Post?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-06-07T17:11:17.897" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6168" CreationDate="2013-06-03T11:38:14.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen your page. You have provided really good information. The minimum components that should be there in the bug report are as follows : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue (Bug) Components&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Summary (Short one line statement of what's wrong exactly)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority (Assign priority from &lt;strong&gt;P0(Severe) to P5(Low effect)&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix Version (&lt;strong&gt;Commit ID&lt;/strong&gt; for the commited code if you have)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment (Staging / Production)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Description (Step by step description of &lt;strong&gt;reproducing&lt;/strong&gt; the issue)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are helpful and should be included as appropriate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen shots (along with valid names)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen recordings (using tools like &lt;strong&gt;CamStudio, ALLCapture&lt;/strong&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Net Activity Logs (Logs form Net Panel i.e. &lt;strong&gt;Firebug&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T11:38:14.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6167" CreationDate="2013-06-03T11:43:49.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'd do in this situation (regardless of tool) is as much as the tool permits I'd dynamically generate the Page Objects. So I'd be looking at something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;CurrentID = IDPattern + &quot;_&quot; + IterationNumber;&#xA;// xyz_$  = xyx_$ where $ is the number of the element pattern&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a little more complicated than hard-identification but saves you from needing to repeat essentially identical test cases, and also means that you can easily add extra rounds of &quot;Add One More&quot; to  your tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T11:43:49.637" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6168" CreationDate="2013-06-03T13:22:07.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Issue Reports (Bug Reports) are one of the main communication methods that QAers use.&#xA;You are creating a statement to your stakeholders - &quot;I have found what I think is a problem, and here's my clear explanation of what it is and how you can see it too.  Please look into this&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand the Audience for the Report&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's important to know who is going to read your Issue Reports, and what they are expected to do with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some shops, the only readers will be yourself and one or more developers.  If that's true, you can use all sorts of jargon and abbreviations that you each understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in many shops, there will be lots of stakeholders who need to read what you write - other QAers, Developers, Support, Product Management, Documentation, Management, etc.  It may become more important to use less jargon, and add more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few special cases that must be kept in mind as well.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if offshore testers or developers must read your Issue Reports, you'll need to pay special attention not to use confusing jargon or colloquialisms in your writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If customers will eventually read your Issue Reports, you'll need to be very, very careful in choosing your words.  (By the way, this is not something I'd recommend, without first sending the Issue Reports to a skilled writer for &quot;sanitizing&quot; first.)  You may even be better off having two different descriptions of the bug - one for internal consumption, and one for customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Choose a Good Summary/Title&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the one-line Summary or Title is often what prompts someone to decide to read your Issue Report further, and is often the only piece of information about the bug showing up on summary reports, it's important to put some thought into this field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The title should be short (because it may become truncated) and to-the-point.&#xA;It's tempting to cut corners and write just a few words here &quot;Program x crashed&quot; - but clearly that's not useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you don't need to include text here that is already included in other fields of the bug tracking system.  For most systems, items such as severity/priority, product, component, etc are tracked in their own fields.  No use wasting valuable space in the Summary/Title on these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Describe the problem concisely and effectively&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a paragraph or two, describe the problem.  Here you can use more words than the Summary/Title will allow, but still avoid wordiness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Include Steps to Reproduce the Problem you are Seeing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not every bug is fully reproducible.  But, it's important to try to find out a relatively minimal set of steps to reproduce the problem and to note them in the Issue Report.&#xA;This gives the developer a fighting chance of seeing what you are seeing, and actually getting it fixed quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avoid steps that don't matter - those which have nothing to do with reproducing the bug.  Including too many steps can waste time and lead to confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Include all steps which actually seem to matter.  Write them in a clear style, in a manner which avoids guesswork.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It takes a bit longer to narrow down the steps, but it's usually time well spent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the bug is not fully reproducible, indicate that clearly in the issue report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Include the Results you Expected&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, QAers know what is expected out of a sequence of steps better than Developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, their expectations are right, sometimes they are wrong.  Either way, include what you expected to see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Include the Results you Actually Observed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is an Issue Report, we assume that something unexpected occurred.  Note what actually occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you observed an error message, include that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you observed something significant in a log file, include that portion of the log.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Include Enough Details for Searching&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to think like a Support person, or a Manager, or a new QAer who wasn't familiar with this Issue.  What would you search for if you saw these same symptoms happen?  If you are lucky enough to have a defect tracking system that includes full-text searching, then make sure to include these important keywords somewhere in the text of your Issue Reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your defect tracking system has a &quot;keywords&quot; field, put them in there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explain the Effects on the Customer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somewhere along the line, your Issue Report will be analyzed for Priority and/or Severity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you explain the effects of this problem on the customer, you'll have a better chance that the Issue is properly analyzed.  And if the problem makes further testing impossible, make sure to indicate that fact (in this context, you are a customer, too). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Attach Anything Else that Could Help&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Attach anything that could help clarify and/or debug the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As they say &quot;a picture is worth 1000 words&quot;.  So, often attaching a picture of the problem can be very helpful.  Log files, test files, etc, can also be attached if they will help reproduce or debug the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about whether something is better off being attached (in order to avoid an overly-wordy Issue Report), or included within the body of the Report itself (in order to be useful during a search).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avoid speculation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Report the facts - what you saw, what you expected to see, and any other symptoms.  But in general, avoid speculation as to the root cause of the problem, unless you have sufficient facts to back up your speculation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speculation can send the reviewer on a wild goose chase and waste their time.  It can also make this bug report appear as a search result for cases where it's not relevent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be careful of the tone of your report&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't use a negative tone in your writing.  Remember, your job is to describe the bug so that it can be fixed effectively and efficiently.  There's no benefit in criticizing the developer here, or the designer - you are their partners, you are both on the same side.  Be objective and respectful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avoid duplication - search first&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't want to waste people's time reading issue reports that have already been covered by someone else.  And in some shops, you may be penalized for writing such bug reports.  So, search first, using the kinds of keywords that you would write into your report if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the problem has already been written into an issue report, it's sometimes useful to add additional facts if you have them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/writing-issue-reports-that-work.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/writing-issue-reports-that-work.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T13:22:07.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6167" CreationDate="2013-06-03T17:03:40.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often times on extremely dynamic pages, I don't simply have a list of elements in my page object, instead I will implement helper functions that will interact with the dynamic data/elements on the page.  For example, if there you are testing an e-mail inbox instead of creating elements for message1, message2, message3, etc instead I would implement a function called SelectMessage which would take a string with the message subject or an integer with the index of the message I want to select.  I may also create a function called GetMessageDetails that would return all of the details about the message that again would take either subject string or index.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this doesn't fully answer your question let me know and I can provide more details, I deal with this all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T17:03:40.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6167" CreationDate="2013-06-03T20:55:17.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Sam said, building a full page object for it may be more effort than it's worth. In tests I've done with a lot of dynamic content, I'll use context clues to move around the page instead of trying to point to a specific element by ID. For example, if I want to add a new entry into a table, then click the edit button for that entry, the test would add the entry, go to the table (whose element ID I know) and look through the rows for the element I created. Alternatively I can just go to the last row in the table if I'm confident it will be the last. Then I can look for through the button elements in that row for the &quot;Edit&quot; button and initiate a click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The downside is that this is a lot more work for the test application to do, so it definitely adds time for the tests to run, so you want to be careful with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-06-03T20:55:17.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5261" CreationDate="2013-06-04T04:02:37.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/wpdevelop/thread/86484773-22f1-4b4a-9355-d1a61f77d912/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mark Chamberlain from Microsoft&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There isn't a built in mechanism enabling you to programmatically&#xA;  mimic touch, tap, gestures, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You would need to build such simulation into your app, for example if&#xA;  you have a UI element's Tap event handler in your code, your UI tap&#xA;  simulator could directly call that event handler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is now a simple UI Test project on MSFT, with demonstration of how to write one using &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/wpapps/Simple-UI-Test-for-Windows-dc0573a9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Automation Peer classes&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, Justin Angel, a dev with a blog on this subject has a piece and example on how one might achieve this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13420733/connect-to-windows-phone-8-using-console-application&quot;&gt;over on Stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2013-06-04T04:02:37.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6176" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-04T15:27:23.740" Score="1" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are a small start up team and we really need to figure out a more effective method for testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any suggestions to help me get started with : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) developing a process &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) finding resources to help us in this endeavor? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have some front end general usability type of testing to do.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5376" LastEditorUserId="5298" LastEditDate="2013-06-05T00:15:22.940" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T00:15:22.940" Title="Suggestions for where to begin testing web app" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6176" CreationDate="2013-06-04T16:31:32.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've gone through a very similar process over the last few years and I can share some things that have worked for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What to Test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of facets to web apps and there's a lot of benefit in testing behind-the-scenes code, but the best place to start is usually the web interface (so browser automation tests). This will help you identify where problems exist, but may not offer much insight in why those problems are occurring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Important Types of Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The positive test (it does what it says it should) is the obvious one. Negative tests (bad inputs and invalid selections, wrong logins, attempting to access resources the user doesn't have access to) are the next set of tests you'll want to add into your test plan for testing the interface. Your QA person and developers should definitely collaborate on brainstorming these. The QA engineer will think of things that the developer is too close to the project to come up with, but the developer will have insight into how the code works to know where snags might occur. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The natural inclination is to test functions, which can be good, but it's also important to test full processes. A number of features that work fine by themselves but don't integrate to each other properly can be disasterous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Automation and Regression&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more sections you add to your application, the more time and effort it will take to test the full site. It sounds like you're just testing what you think changed, which is pretty common in those scenarios. The nice thing about automated tests is that you can simply add your new tests for a new section to the existing suite of automated tests. That way the role of the QA Engineer is to build those tests and the automation can go back through the entire suite of tests to ensure that other functions were not broken by your new changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation tools, the two I'm partial to are Ranorex and Selenium. I think Ranorex helps you through building the test more, but is still incredibly flexible because it's all backed with C# and you can directly edit the code. The downside is licensing. Selenium is free and very poserful, but requires a little more effort to implement. Also, Selenium has a few gotchas, like if an element is hidden, Selenium can still click it, even though a real user couldn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know Ranorex does multiple browsers and I think Selenium does too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this is helpful to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-06-04T16:31:32.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6176" CreationDate="2013-06-04T18:06:08.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For web app testing, I am giving some points/suggestions according to my experience : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UI Testing&lt;/strong&gt; : It should be done on various configurations like Windows XP/7 + FF, Mac OS + Safari and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functionality Testing&lt;/strong&gt; : It should be done for testing the functionality of the web app. For Ex. What should be the nest step if I click on a particular link ? etc&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression testing&lt;/strong&gt; : Testing the working of overall system to ensure the correct functionality after a new feature is added to the existing system&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Testing&lt;/strong&gt; : It should be done as a whole to ensure that the system is working properly as a whole unit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the system is completely tested and functional, you can go for automated tests using Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-06-04T18:06:08.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6098" CreationDate="2013-06-04T19:41:58.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(do you mean really open source or freeware? If you don't like to code, why would you need opensource?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE (not the same as Selenium 2 or Selenium WebDriver) or my old buddy &lt;a href=&quot;http://badboy.com.au&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BadBoy&lt;/a&gt;&#xA; are just two examples of free software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2013-06-04T19:41:58.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6180" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-04T22:14:57.083" Score="4" ViewCount="2072" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to seek some input on what might be an efficient best practice. I have been told that end-to-end test cases might have certain steps that are being repeated on other test cases. Let's take the example of Login - 2 test cases might have steps where login is step 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My point being - is it good design to have test cases be very modular or decoupled so that for example login functionality is not being repeated in more than 1 test case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there pros or cons to these choices?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Phil Kirkham - The client is Risk Averse and Waterfall and wants detailed test cases but this is an Agile Pilot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Joe Strazzere  - This question pertains to manual test scripts - they are done by the same person - but in his defense he wants them detailed to avoid KT if multiple testers were to use it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5378" LastEditorUserId="5378" LastEditDate="2013-06-05T13:51:35.033" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T13:51:35.033" Title="Repeat/common Test steps in multiple test cases - to do or not to?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6180" CreationDate="2013-06-04T22:51:28.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;ved, welcome to SQA.  You should distinguish between &lt;em&gt;testing&lt;/em&gt; the login functionality and merely &lt;em&gt;using&lt;/em&gt; the login functionality.  End-to-end tests are about ensuring that all the pieces fit together when someone uses the software for a specific task/workflow.  If an end-to-end test requires logging in, by all means &lt;em&gt;use&lt;/em&gt; the login functionality.  However, if you have a multiple end-to-end tests, and the conditions that impact the login functionality do not vary from one test to another, it probably does not make sense to &lt;em&gt;test&lt;/em&gt; the login functionality in every end-to-end test.  If the login functionality is complicated enough, I would recommend constructing a separate (not end-to-end) login functionality test instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-06-04T22:51:28.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6180" CreationDate="2013-06-05T00:45:12.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Time and again as a contractor, I've seen large monolithic test structures with code all over the place.  Often it's because testers have copied and pasted tests, which then break and need to be fixed in dozens of places, instead of just one.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, yes, there's certainly benefit to re-using core functionality, as long as it's not the part you're testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if, as you suggest, login is the feature under test, and it's an aspect you use a lot (as most applicationss/sites would), have it early on in the test, and wrapped in a test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**Test A - tests login functionality**&#xA;result = login_to_my_site(username_from_db);&#xA;Assert(IsTrue, result);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that way, you've got a test for login, and if it's early, you can fail if there's a problem immediately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, you can re-use that functionality as it's solid and working, assuming it passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**Test B - tests user profile page loads**&#xA;Assert(IsTrue, login_to_my_site(username_from_db);&#xA;Assert(IsTrue, profile_page_loads());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's rough but hopefully it helps present the idea. Modularising every 'test' of functionality allows confident reuse of code later on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T00:45:12.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6183" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-05T04:48:28.200" Score="1" ViewCount="739" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a SoapUI project which includes both the WSDL and the test suites. But the size is pretty large. Is there a way to remove the wsdl, retaining the test suites so that the size would be less. I want something like the behaviour of JMeter which just holds the requests and validations. Is there any way I can do this in SOAPUI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1308" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2013-06-05T12:17:36.033" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T12:48:43.300" Title="Remove WSDL from SoapUI project without removing test suite [To reduce size of SoapUI project file]" Tags="&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6183" CreationDate="2013-06-05T05:05:00.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure exactly why you're doing this, but if you mean to remove it from the project, you can &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/SOAP-and-WSDL/reference/WSDL-interface.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;right-click on the WSDL interface and choose &quot;Remove&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wuUqB.png&quot; alt=&quot;the right click from an interface&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T05:05:00.290" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3513" CreationDate="2013-06-05T05:14:49.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In IE, this will usually show as the default page at the start of a test, until you provide it with a valid URL to navigate to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially if you attempt to do something to the present (empty) page, it may cause an exception or problem - for example, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/8490622/175051&quot;&gt;trying to maximise the window with javascript causing this issue&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing your test should do is navigate to a valid page, and then things should work smoothly at that point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T05:14:49.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2013-06-05T08:15:42.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a bunch of test management tools listed here (under 'Test Management') - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/resources/software-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/resources/software-testing-tools/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2515" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T08:15:42.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6129" CreationDate="2013-06-05T08:37:56.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a collection of testing MindMaps here that are really great and useful for communicating ideas and things to think about when testing - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/resources/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/resources/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2515" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T08:37:56.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5742" CreationDate="2013-06-05T10:03:34.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Return Status&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It runs the given keyword with given arguments and returns the status as a Boolean value. &#xA;This keyword returns &lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt; if the keyword that is executed succeeds and &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt; if it fails. This is useful, for example, in combination with &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword If&lt;/code&gt;. If you are interested in the error message or return value, use &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Ignore Error&lt;/code&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5385" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T10:03:34.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6180" CreationDate="2013-06-05T12:16:56.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like the others here, I'm in favor of decoupling and modularizing as much as possible. My preference is to have a set of independent login tests (including checking the message received for invalid login, triggering the security questions if they exist, and so forth). Those would include some valid logins like &quot;Log in as admin&quot;, &quot;Log in as guest&quot; and so forth. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the end to end tests, I have a set of equally modular test cases which get strung together to form the end to end test. So - as an example - testing ordering something from a webstore, I'd do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login as valid user (re-use existing test - can be parameterized or the test case can include the user details)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to product page (re-use existing parameterized test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select quantity x of product y (re-use existing parameterized test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Begin checkout process (re-use existing test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate cart amounts (re-use existing parameterized test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter billing/delivery addresses (re-use existing parameterized test, may be more than one test depending on the structure of the site)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter valid payment information (re-use existing parameterized test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate purchase completion (re-use existing parameterized test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you might guess, I'm very fond of data driving my tests to within an inch of their lives. Usually I have to extend base functionality of test tools because they assume that data driving is going to be a matter of looping through a single flat structure where I tend to work with a relational structure that often ends up mirroring the database structure of the application I'm working with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach is more complex to follow and takes longer to set up - but once it is set up, new end to end scenarios can be tested by plugging in different data chunks for each step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T12:16:56.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-05T14:19:35.503" Score="3" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different sorts of software need different approaches to testing. An interactive GUI-driven application will be tested in a very different way from a piece of middleware, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically considering data-oriented projects such as those involved with the development of machine vision or &quot;Data Science&quot; applications: What particular and idiosyncratic test requirements do such applications have that distinguishes them and sets them apart from other classes of software development?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1698" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T16:34:38.523" Title="What particular testing requirements do data driven applications have?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2013-06-05T15:13:12.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A have a technique and example for you. Our dev team and I have 2 methods of communicating bugs and bug fixes: e-mail and Excel. If it is a bug or feature of large scope, or an installation build, I use excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of bug or feature of large scope, my excel spreadsheet has a minimum of 3 tabs. The first has the versions and objects affected, as well as any testing notes the dev has told me. The second has my test scenarios with staging data, steps, expected results and real results. This is stored per version and per platform so it can get fairly large. The 3rd tab has what we call the &quot;Issues list.&quot; (wink wink nudge nudge, aka &quot;bug list&quot;) On the Issues list I number the issue, provide a description, a hyperlink to documentation and a 'status' column (open/closed/he said/she said). There is usually a column for 'notes' as well since the devs will occasionally break down for me specifically which object they fixed or the design logic behind why it's as designed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I started here, none of this was being tracked. I put a stop to that. After I clarified theirs and the customers expectations (not well received at first, but I'm a bulldog), I then provided my testing steps and results, usually in a Word .doc file (baby steps, folks). Slowly, my system grew on our team. I have said on SQA before and I say it again: do what works best for your team. What works for your team won't work for mine, and vice versa. Flexibility is key!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One day, a dev called me &quot;Macguyver&quot; - I didn't watch that TV show and had to ask someone else, did he just insult me or what? Thankfully I found out it's a compliment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am proud of my excellent rapport with devs and work to protect it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally what I am most proud of with my .xls files is this: I campaigned and sold the idea to management and devs to upload a comprehensive .xls to SharePoint where we ALL update the .xls file with the latest and greatest updates to issues. It works; they are ALL on board with this. At first they were put off by having to look at my test scenarios but I quickly learned to make it open up to the issues list to save them time. Also, to save them time, when an issue is verified as fixed or otherwise closed, and if there are &gt; say 10 issues, I move it to a tab called 'closed issues list' thereby eliminating closed items so the devs can focus on the outstanding issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I love about files on SharePoint is the ability to receive an e-mail when a file is updated. So as soon as they update it, I get an e-mail. I then check to see if I found a valid bug, it's as designed or I misunderstood the feature (few to no requirements are provided).... and sometimes I am flat out wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned using Excel for test planning. I did attempt a Excel test plan many years ago, which my manager welcomed, but it didn't go further. We strictly use Excel for test scenarios, object/version reference and a bug list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, finally, when I first came to work here, I instituted a practice of using Excel to store test cases (they were 99% nonexistent). I have hundreds if not thousands of examples of Excel test cases if you need one. But since our QA staff went from 3 to 1, I no longer have time to create and maintain test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T15:13:12.687" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-06-05T15:13:12.687" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6129" CreationDate="2013-06-05T15:29:41.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Online resources re: the basics of QA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the good suggestions you already have, here is one more. My employer uses a website called skillsoft (aka skillport) that contains thousands of online videos and books regarding all phases of software, including testing. Skillport has the ISTQB prep classes. All their classes are self-paced with pre-test, quizzes during the video and post-test. They provide certificates of completion as well. I've taken at least 20 over the years encompassing several business aspects (negotiation, problem solving, communication, as well as testing related) and found them to be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T15:29:41.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6190" CreationDate="2013-06-05T16:34:38.523" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first two issues that come to mind are scalability and tolerance of faulty data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data Science frequently implies large data sets.  As a tester, you need a sense for expectations about data set sizes and the corresponding performance.  Those metrics need to be put in the context of the computing environment of course; what you can do on a laptop running R will not be the same as what you can do with a hundred-machine Hadoop cluster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data Science will often involve data sets with some amount of bad data as a result of transcription problems, faulty sensors, buggy data collection software, or whatever.  Some developers will focus on making the algorithm work with clean data.  Your job may be to understand how &quot;real&quot; data might differ from the developer's idealized data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T16:34:38.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6195" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6215" CreationDate="2013-06-05T17:18:31.190" Score="2" ViewCount="397" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Software Testing Enthusiast and i have mostly worked on Functional Testing(Manual). I am interested in performance testing and i have worked on a very small project where i used LoadRunner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would love to be a part of an open source team which works on Performance Testing. As a lot of experienced guys are part of this community can you please tell where to look and how to master the art of performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I think this question might be considered as Off Topic but when i searched the internet for open source performance testing projects i mostly got results related to tools. I dont know how to proceed. Your help will be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Thanks everyone for your response. All of your answers have helped a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5390" LastEditorUserId="5390" LastEditDate="2013-06-10T10:10:51.467" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T10:10:51.467" Title="Open source Projects for Performance/Load/Stress Testing" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6196" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-05T18:04:55.057" Score="9" ViewCount="41130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Jmeter at my organization for performance testing. The application is a secured web portal that provides a lot of reports and documents to its user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A major issue that I've run into is measuring the page load times, this is very important for me to measure. Apparently JMeter doesn't support this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is what tools can I use to measure the page rendering times? It doesn't have to free, all that I need is a reliable tool. Again, this is for a secure application which requires user authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5392" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-05T18:29:47.363" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T10:32:21.520" Title="Tools to measuring page rendering time" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6195" CreationDate="2013-06-05T20:33:44.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apache JMeter is open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T20:33:44.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6196" CreationDate="2013-06-05T21:58:34.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out DynaTrace Ajax edition. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.compuware.com/en_us/application-performance-management/products/ajax-free-edition/overview.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.compuware.com/en_us/application-performance-management/products/ajax-free-edition/overview.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's free, and gives a timeline that includes javascript execution &amp;amp; page rendering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T21:58:34.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6196" CreationDate="2013-06-05T22:50:39.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out HTTPWatch &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.httpwatch.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.httpwatch.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a really good tool that sounds like it may meet your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used the free &quot;Basic Edition&quot; version for some client-side performance tests and analysis. And I've recommended it to some friends who use the &quot;Professional Edition&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good stuff, and one I keep in my Tester's Toolbox &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/testers-tool-box.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/testers-tool-box.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T22:50:39.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6196" CreationDate="2013-06-05T23:30:02.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read that HTTPWatch doesn't cover javascript rendering time (although can't confirm this).  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gomez.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Compuware Gomez&lt;/a&gt; has a commercial tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webpagetest.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebpageTest&lt;/a&gt; also has a version you can download and run on your servers to test a variety of aspects of the load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome and Firefox also have web developer tools, where you can inspect the load t imes of the various elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-05T23:30:02.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6032" CreationDate="2013-06-06T01:48:11.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Geb runs WebDriver in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groovy_%28programming_language%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Groovy language&lt;/a&gt;.  The goal is to make the use of WebDriver simpler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you use WebDriver directly, &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/FrequentlyAskedQuestions#Q%3a_What_about_support_for_languages_other_than_Java?&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;it's supported in a number of languages&lt;/a&gt;, including Python, Ruby, C#, Java and implementations exist in others, including PHP, Perl and potentially Javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The support for PageObject and jQuery selection is existent in both, given that they utilise most of the same components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/pages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How Geb handles PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/content&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Geb's Navigator API&lt;/a&gt;, which is inspired by jQuery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, both have the same degree of integration with Spock etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on Geb, check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/manual/current/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Book of Geb on the official site&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-06T01:48:11.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6202" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-06T03:25:25.943" Score="1" ViewCount="500" Body="&lt;p&gt;While locally we're having no problems, on a virtual server we're running Jenkins which kicks off Selenium Grid to execute some of our tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation. -&gt; No response from server&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every so often, usually on a click event, I get a test failing with a large Selenium error.  I'm having no luck reproducing this locally, and am sort of at a loss as to how to proceed in fixing it.  I'll include the error below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation. -&amp;gt; No response from server for url http://vm-selgrid3:5555/wd/hub/session/0894b06e-6e4f-46bc-ba82-f72a75deeb8d/element/12/click&#xA;&#xA;System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation. ---&amp;gt; OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException: No response from server for url http://vm-selgrid3:5555/wd/hub/session/0894b06e-6e4f-46bc-ba82-f72a75deeb8d/element/12/click&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.CreateResponse(WebRequest request)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.Execute(Command commandToExecute)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.Execute(String driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebElement.Click()&#xA;   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---&#xA;   at System.RuntimeMethodHandle.InvokeMethod(Object target, Object[] arguments, Signature sig, Boolean constructor)&#xA;   at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.UnsafeInvokeInternal(Object obj, Object[] parameters, Object[] arguments)&#xA;   at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Support.PageObjects.PageFactory.ProxiedWebElementInterceptor.Intercept(IInvocation invocation)&#xA;   at Castle.DynamicProxy.AbstractInvocation.Proceed()&#xA;   at Castle.Proxies.IWrapsElementProxy.Click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2021-05-14T02:30:27.747" LastActivityDate="2021-05-14T02:30:27.747" Title="Occasional no response from Selenium Grid server - any theories?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;&lt;selenium-grid&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6196" CreationDate="2013-06-06T23:22:22.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few tools have been mentioned in other answers that could help such as Dynatrace Ajax edition, Compuware Gomez and WebPageTest.  Another tool I have used is Selenium Webdriver with some custom timers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few caveats that you need to be aware of for this kind of performance measurement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The browser you are using will affect the JavaScript execution and rendering speed, you will get different results in different browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The available system memory and CPU will affect the speed.  If you have a resource constrained or under-powered machine it will affect the results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to quantify what &quot;done&quot; is.  A single page load could encompass many additional xmlhttp requests and additional javascript execution, and sometimes pages will even have timers that execute javascript at certain intervals.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If using tools like Selenium your test needs to be clear about what done is, for example you may be watching for an element to appear and as soon as that element appears you consider it &quot;done&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium (and the other mentioned tools) use javascript to poll for a certain state and that polling can in and of itself add time onto the execution and rendering time.  The amount of time that can be added depends on the size of the page and the complexity of JavaScript execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in summary, if you are testing on a standard hardware/browser setup you can get somewhat reliable numbers with a little extra time added on for the time the tool adds in.  You'll never get anywhere near as reliable numbers as you would from measuring server response times because there are a lot more factors to take into consideration.  With all of this said, I would still say it's a good idea on ajax/javascript heavy pages to measure the performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-06-06T23:22:22.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6196" CreationDate="2013-06-07T05:19:09.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the most interesting approach I've used in the past is the combination of Selenium/WebDriver with BroserMobProxy. There is an article with some &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/blog/2012/automating-web-performance-data-collection-with-browsermob-proxy-and-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;code examples in Python written by David Burns&lt;/a&gt;. This approach is nice when you already have some Selenium tests and just want to calculate the page load time on the way of your scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5238" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T05:19:09.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5663" CreationDate="2013-06-07T05:24:34.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.Timeouts.html#pageLoadTimeout&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a function you may call&lt;/a&gt; to set the page load timeout you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5238" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T05:24:34.613" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5663" CreationDate="2013-06-07T05:42:24.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There were a few possible solutions to this over on Stackoverflow on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/15834158/175051&quot;&gt;Stop browser load from selenium webdriver&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/15840935/175051&quot;&gt;Installing an extension in Chrome called Stop load&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/15835719/175051&quot;&gt;using the built in pageLoadTimeout() method in Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/15835719/175051&quot;&gt;using Sikuli or Autoit to access the browser's native controls&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T05:42:24.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6216" CreationDate="2013-06-07T06:00:16.770" Score="3" ViewCount="8593" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1094/best-free-or-very-cheap-automation-tool-for-windows-gui-testing&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; question here on SQA. However I'd like to make my question more specific with hope that someone could point me to something relevant rather than just wasting hours on learning the other tools just to discover that they are not fit for my purposes. So my needs are fairly basic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have an environment with many different applications which are interconnected in various ways. Some through SOAP UI, some share a DB, etc..&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some of the applications are web interfaces, some of them just locally installed GUI front-ends.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I only need to test the interconnectivity of the applications rather than making too much focus on a specific one design and features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I do need to be able yo access and login to all of these applications and perform basic &amp;quot;button clicks&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;fields filling&amp;quot; tasks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The verification will be verifying certain fields (on web apps and guis).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any tools which are able to give me such functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P.S.&lt;/strong&gt; If my explanation here is still to vague, please feel free to comment and I will emphasize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T13:08:46.757" Title="Free tool(s) to test both Windows desktop apps and Web apps, interconnected" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5735" CreationDate="2013-06-07T09:30:33.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use &lt;code&gt;Selenium2Library&lt;/code&gt;, which is much better than &lt;code&gt;SeleniumLibrary&lt;/code&gt; so possible values for &lt;code&gt;browser&lt;/code&gt; are as follows: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;firefox | FireFox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ff | FireFox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;internetexplorer | Internet Explorer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ie | Internet Explorer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;googlechrome | Google Chrome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gc | Google Chrome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chrome | Google Chrome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;opera | Opera&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;phantomjs | PhantomJS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;htmlunit | HTMLUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;htmlunitwithjs | HTMLUnit with Javascipt support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5385" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T09:30:33.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6212" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6213" CreationDate="2013-06-07T10:21:03.890" Score="3" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario: Installer Link&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When&lt;/em&gt; user enters &quot;product.company.com&quot; into a web browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Then&lt;/em&gt; a hyperlink is presented to 'ProductSetup.exe'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TODO: There is nothing here about presentation, e.g., it could just be an ugly old-school &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; link without a label.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Should the presentation be specified here as an &lt;em&gt;And&lt;/em&gt; under &lt;em&gt;Then&lt;/em&gt; or as a separate scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How much is more detailed testing worth in the first place, a question of balance, i.e. , how much value does adding extra presentation detail add versus the hassle and resource-cost of testing UI ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2155" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-06-07T15:42:13.733" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T21:32:03.790" Title="Level of detail in a Scenario - when to stop" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6212" CreationDate="2013-06-07T12:02:15.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cel,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, it depends. If there's a requirement that the link contain a label then obviously the test needs to check that a label exists (whether automated or not). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some of the possible things I'd consider with this scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the code dynamically generated or static? For a static &quot;once and done&quot; page, the mark 1 human eyeball might be your best test tool. For a page that dynamically generates the link, not so much: you'd probably be wanting to check that the link delivered the correct version of the installer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implicit requirements - the scenario says &quot;a web browser&quot; - does this mean &quot;any modern browser&quot;, or &quot;any browser at all&quot;? Is there a requirement that the page be accessible to text-only browsers? Text-to-speech? (and all the other interesting things that come with accessibility testing for disabled users) Touch screen? Mobile users?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preconditions - is this an internet page open to Joe Public, or is it an intranet page that should only be seen by authenticated users? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Postconditions - does the link actually function? Is there a test scenario for that which depends on this test? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Miscellaneous implied requirements: does the presentation of the link on the page match the styling of the rest of the page? As written, this test would pass with a bare-bones &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;ProductSetup.exe&quot;&amp;gt;ProductSetup.exe&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; in the page, probably with blue underlining (or possibly purple as the default for a visited link). A link that looked like that would stick out in a bad way on a page that styled things differently and had all tags using classes. Is it in a sensible place on the page (an eyeball test: validating the general page layout)? The list really is endless.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are all things to consider - it's also quite possible that the scenario as stated is sufficient: it depends on who the users are and the context of the site and feature in test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T12:02:15.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6209" CreationDate="2013-06-07T15:51:03.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as my experience goes (not too far ;-) - have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;. At first thought - it is ideal for heterogenous apps with GUI and not wanting to go too deep into details of the apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T15:51:03.877" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6195" CreationDate="2013-06-07T15:57:12.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will need to dramatically broaden your skills base, for the jump from a manual tester to a performance tester is quite large.   There are many posts on the Internet which speak to &quot;foundation skills&quot; for a performance tester.   Find them (using one of the core skills: research) and take them to heart.    For if you have the core skills in place you can be at 95% of capability within about six weeks.   If you lack sold core foundation skills you will struggle, have low efficiency and demonstrate low output to your clients for the entire time you are in the profession.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have mastered your core skills, then you can look at tools and a program where you have a mentor for your first six months or so.   The tool is really only 10-15% of the skills required for a successful performance tester.   Mind you it is a critical 10-15% and unless you have mastered some of the foundation skills you will never be able to master the tool.   There are also process and project management skills which come into play which you will acquire during the internship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you get there?  Yes.  Be prepared to spend a year or longer coming from a manual functional testing background.   If you think just learning a tool will get the job done then you will be joining a growing problem in our industry which is delivery of low value services which are damaging the value base and which has resulted in an odd economic condition where the average value of what is being delivered is so low that it has overwhelmed the natural tendency of wages to rise in a low resource condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T15:57:12.573" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6209" CreationDate="2013-06-07T16:01:56.847" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;My experience is that UI automation tools differentiate themselves by the kinds of interfaces they interact with rather than whether they facilitate &quot;basic&quot; testing or complicated testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you will have a hard time finding a single tool that covers both native applications (what you called &quot;locally installed GUI front-ends&quot;) as well as web interfaces.  The common denominator will probably be a single tool that only knows how to simulate typing, simulate mouse/touch events at specified (x,y) coordinates, and capture screenshots.  Twenty years ago, that was state-of-the-art for UI automation, but the majority of testers shy away from that kind of technology now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of specifying (x,y) coordinates, modern UI automation tools use identifiers or expressions to specify what should be clicked.  It is easier to read an automated test that relies on IDs or expressions, and the test is more likely to work when the UI is modified, too.  Web browsers and native apps are based on entirely different technologies, and particular they structure UIs and identify UI elements in entirely different ways, which is why UI automation tools specialize in web UIs or native UIs but not both.  (To make matters worse, each native UI technology is also different, so for example you will not find a lot of automated tests that work with Silverlight as well as native Java UIs.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you, here is where I would start.  If you only need to test application inter-operability, you may not need to exercise UIs at all.  Sometimes web applications have web APIs that you can access with programs like &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wget&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wget&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CURL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;curl&lt;/a&gt;.  Sometimes native apps also have CLIs.  Tests written against those interfaces may be less vulnerable to change.  And if they don't exist, it may be less expensive to write them than to write (and maintain) UI-level tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-14T11:45:30.937" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T11:45:30.937" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6212" CreationDate="2013-06-07T21:32:03.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what Kate said, here's one thing I always consider when writing up scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am writing them up as an user of the application, so I need to provide all the details that the user would be aware of, and not much more than that.  The rest can be handled by the code behind it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-06-07T21:32:03.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-08T17:30:11.287" Score="1" ViewCount="1898" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there separate Estimation models to effective guage the accuracy of testing efforts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keyword-driven based estimation model&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data-driven based&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modular-driven&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hybrid-driven&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component-based &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please clarify&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5411" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-06-08T17:38:39.860" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T18:54:57.533" Title="Estimation for Test Automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6218" CreationDate="2013-06-08T17:45:03.683" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No doubt there are academic papers that look at least some of those test efforts, but you should be reluctant to generalize them to your own work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple of some reasons why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are lots of confounding factors that impact the accuracy of an estimation model, e.g. adherence to the methodology under study, experience level of the testers who perform the estimation, experience level of the testers doing the actual testing, quality of the system under test, and amount of churn during the test process.  Any worthy academic paper will include a section on potential confounders and their potential impact on the conclusions, but you should not assume they list them all, or are even aware of them all.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are &lt;em&gt;implicit&lt;/em&gt; biases in academic literature, e.g. publication bias (a paper that confirms what we already believe is less likely to be published than a paper with a surprising result).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to generalize a study to your own organization, ask yourself whether their organization is sufficiently like your own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-08T23:39:39.353" LastActivityDate="2013-06-08T23:39:39.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1391" CreationDate="2013-06-09T19:15:42.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Historically &lt;em&gt;Quality Control&lt;/em&gt; is term from 1970s which meaning was &lt;strong&gt;controlling of the final product quality&lt;/strong&gt;. In 1980s this term get a new meaning when people realized that they should &lt;strong&gt;also control quality of intermediate products&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A decade later term &lt;em&gt;Software Quality Assurance&lt;/em&gt; came up when stress was set not only on quality of products but also on monitoring the software engineering processes (popular  ISO 9000 certificate is all about quality of process not final product). The thinking behind &lt;em&gt;Software Quality Assurance&lt;/em&gt; is that &lt;strong&gt;if you provide high quality software development you would get hight quality product&lt;/strong&gt;. (In this context Prince2 is an interesting methodology: on one hand it stresses the focus on the product but on the other hand it provides well described processes which are means to get final product of high quality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lately, there came up another concept called &lt;em&gt;Total quality management&lt;/em&gt; which stresses continuous improvement of the quality of products and processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5415" LastEditorUserId="5415" LastEditDate="2013-06-09T20:51:23.017" LastActivityDate="2013-06-09T20:51:23.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6222" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6227" CreationDate="2013-06-10T15:13:05.537" Score="8" ViewCount="2565" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am leading a new QA team at my company and we are small (Myself and one other person).  We are currently testing releases compiled by over 10 developers, so the ratio of developers to QA is skewed.  What happens is we are constantly in a release cycle and developers are constantly checking in code that will make it into the next release.  The problem with this is that releases tend to get extremely large and require extensive testing.  A typical release cycle is over two months whereas we are trying to get this down to under a month.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing we are doing to help with this is pushing for way more automated QA testing.  We are getting there, but we are definitely not in a position to reliably run automated regression on every release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A major complaint from the development team is that the way we do our STLC is slowing down release cycles.  Right now, when we get a build of the software we will do the follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirm installation steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run regression&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test new functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirm bug fixes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Push to User Acceptance Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirm no issues with clients&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sign off on RC and ready the release for production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The development team wants us to not run this cycle every time we get a build (multiple times per release version) and instead only re-test items that specifically fail between builds and basically pick up where we left off on the previous release candidate and continue on the new one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the release candidate comes in a packaged install file, I am a little hesitant to simply ignore the rest of the changes and follow their advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to the field and I am against a team of developers with many, many more years of experience than I have in SDLC/STLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you guys think?  How do you guys handle this on your teams?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4784" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T13:25:54.730" Title="QA Methodology: Do you retest every change on a new build or only changed code?" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6222" CreationDate="2013-06-10T15:39:02.597" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I've been exactly where you are and I know the pain you're going through. It's also very 'cool' at the moment for everyone to talk about 'Automation' and how it's a 'golden ticket' to Continuous Integration. Everybody wants their stuff out fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are ways to tackle this, but personally, I think a lot of comes with having an understanding of the Risk in both situations. Fast or Slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't condone rushing releases, it's a terrible thing, but I do advocate testing on branched code before releases to solidify planning of regressions. You can get some really quick wins simply by working on builds and compiling the results. Never let a build through with open bugs, always note what regression testing you would do to confirm the build next time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I also don't think it's necessary to test everything every build, but only because I understand the platform I work with extremely well, and our core regression tests actually provide a good deal of coverage in the main or scarier areas of our code base (things like order placement, user management, managing payment details, security options).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, I'd consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test on Build (dev branch or similar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compile list of functional tests to be re-run as regressions in a RC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bundle these packages together to make your release (I'm assuming multiple dev branches/builds)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run through any other known changes to plan out additional functional tests (someone always wants to add something)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the RC to expand on regression testing coverage (are you covering everything you're adding?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any high priority or critical areas of the software NOT being covered? (too little regression coverage?!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continue with functional testing, bug fixes and regressions (as above).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no reason for this to be 'slow', it just takes a little forethought and planning to get good results. My rule of thumb is if I think about it twice, it's important enough to cover in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The benefit of the above is it's also a process which helps support the introduction of good automation practices, where you can have all your dev branch/build functional tests turned into automated regressions and thus SAVE time in the your RC testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good question to ask is &quot;Do Releases have to be quick?&quot; Lots of people will say yes, but what do your customers want regularly? - chances are it's bug fixes, not features. Maybe consider different types of release and how it might help create channels to focus on that deliver some things quicker, some things slower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this isn't an 'answer' as such, it's my opinion. When you feel more comfortable with the software you test, the regression coverage you have AND the amount of tests automated (Unit, Functional, Integration Automations) then you'll feel more comfortable making these decisions, but your role is to be cautious... way more cautious than anyone else is going to want to be. It's not an easy place to be, but it's the right place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck with adapting to their comments. You're not doing anything wrong, just think about efficiency rather than raising the risks of releasing code with testing being the only thing cut out. You can spin their requirement into something good for you and your team if you think about it right ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T15:39:02.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6224" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-10T16:24:29.463" Score="3" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is use case testing standard practice and if so could people point me towards some methodology and perhaps some tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking that my Test cases could easily be represented via some type of UML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a tool which pretty much shows what I'm trying to explain: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.visual-paradigm.com/product/ag/tutorials/flowofeventstestcase.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.visual-paradigm.com/product/ag/tutorials/flowofeventstestcase.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. represent test cases through a model, record steps and expected outcomes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T20:38:56.723" Title="Use case testing tools and methods" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6222" CreationDate="2013-06-10T17:05:14.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have encountered exactly the same problem and there is no &quot;right&quot; answer, but I can share with you what I've learned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Code changes in one place can cause problems in another. Unless your project is so incredibly well documented that you know exactly what a change can impact, testing the full application on releases is important. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Find a balance between how often you're doing full tests. If your release cycle is once per month, maybe running the full test cycle once every other week is enough. It's beneficial to both you and the developer to not wait until the end to run the full set of tests because you don't want to wait too long to discover a blocking problem, but running it every day if that's how often builds come in is probably just creating more work for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Automation can be really helpful. You'll probably run many of these tests dozens of times and if there's a place to automate where you can feel confident that it does as good of a job, you can save yourself a lot of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) If you have to compromise (and let's face it, sometimes business needs override what we'd prefer to do), some of the best full tests to run are ones that test common processes. This is a good way to make sure you're testing the items that have the biggest impact on customers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) It may also help to do what they're saying as a first pass. If you can take an hour to rule out errors that are at high risk, like those that occurred on the last build, you can save yourself the time of getting to that point if it's still a problem. What the developers need to understand though is that after this pass, it is not tested, it's just ready to go through a full test. I think it does save time in the long run, but they might not understand that at first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope these help. I think you're right that you need a fully successful test on any build that you plan to put into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T17:05:14.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6224" CreationDate="2013-06-10T18:29:42.287" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use cases are a way to translate requirements into something more concrete.  If you have use cases, you should test with them.  You should test in other ways, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you represent your test cases is up to you.  Some considerations for picking a representation might be tool quality and cost, and ease of writing, revising, searching, annotating, and grouping test cases.  Of course you should consider how easy it is for someone (other than the author) to interpret the test cases too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are just getting started with use cases, and you aren't sure which representation is best, you might try an experiment, e.g. pick your two favorite representations, split your test cases into two groups, and try each representation with one of the groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-10T20:38:56.723" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T20:38:56.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6222" CreationDate="2013-06-10T19:44:38.743" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this problem way too well. There's no &quot;right&quot; answer, unfortunately, but there are some things you can do to help with this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dependency map - do you have a list of application features that have heavy dependencies and tend to break when changes occur in other areas? If you know changes in feature X tend to break feature Y, you know you always need to check feature Y if there are changes to feature X. On the flip side, if feature Z is nicely encapsulated and doesn't break other places, you might not need to test elsewere for fixes to feature z.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider your breakage history - which areas of the system are most fragile? Which ones are most stable? If you don't feel you've got this knowledge, you should be able to retrieve it from your organization's issue tracking system or talk to project managers and others to find the information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think about your overall project life cycle - it sounds as though you're working through a waterfall system where the code fixes are thrown over the wall for the testers to sign off on (apologies if this is incorrect). How can you work with the development team to improve the feedback between your team and theirs? How can they make your life easier? You make theirs easier? Both teams have the same goal: you want a good product going to the customers. My experience is that approaching devs with &quot;How can we make this work better?&quot; usually gets a good response. Another good conversation starter is &quot;We could do this in our team, but it will take hours. I think if one of your folks does this, it will be a few minutes work once, and then we will only need a few minutes each time we test it.&quot; (This is really handy when asking a dev to add some hooks to make automation easier - but can also be helpful if you're looking for things like context information or a change listing to be sent with each build notification).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you get a change listing? - if your build notification includes a list of files changed for that build you have a starting point of changes. This combined with the knowledge of fragile and robust areas gives you information you can use to determine whether skipping parts of the regression is going to be high or low risk (or somewhere in between).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You are not the gatekeeper&lt;/strong&gt; - The test team isn't really the decider on whether or not the system can be released. Usually, you're providing information to the project management or product manager about the state of the product. This mindset allows you to tell project/product management, &quot;We can skip testing feature Y for this build, but there's a high risk of problems because changes to feature X often cause issues in feature Y&quot; and so forth. In my experience, even if the test team is supposedly the gatekeeper, in practice they will be overridden - something that I'm all too familiar with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on your role - The actual role of a test team is to provide information to the developers, project/product managers, and in some cases customers about the &lt;em&gt;state&lt;/em&gt; of the application. That state information consists of the things that you've tested, the problems you've found and corrected, the problems you've found that haven't been corrected and why, and the things you haven't tested and why. This approach means that the test team no longer has sole responsibility for the quality of the application - it's shared between devs, testers, and project/program management.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a long way from being a complete list, but hopefully it will give you some options to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T19:44:38.743" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5499" CreationDate="2013-06-10T23:13:23.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ixiacom.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ixia&lt;/a&gt; and/or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.shunra.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Shunra&lt;/a&gt;.  Neither are particularly cheap, but both are certainly capable of this.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Linux box would also work for such a situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're after a free packet generator, you could try &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/ostinato/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ostinato&lt;/a&gt; - comes with a GUI as well :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-10T23:13:23.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="710" CreationDate="2013-06-11T04:24:43.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created an iOS app from which you can set/calculate all you performance testing scenarios on your iPhone/iPad/iPod touch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps the performance testing community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pacing-calculator/id656498467?mt=8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;App Store Link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://krangiosdev.wix.com/pacing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Support Site/Tutorial Link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need help shoot me an email at my support site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5428" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T00:52:56.983" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:52:56.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6230" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6732" CreationDate="2013-06-11T15:14:24.177" Score="9" ViewCount="1416" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read through &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.ee/books/about/How_Google_Tests_Software.html?id=vHlTOVTKHeUC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;How Google Tests Software&lt;/a&gt; and was quite curious about the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/bite-project/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;BITE project&lt;/a&gt;.  The main idea is to reduce friction in manual testing by allowing the following to be done without leaving the browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;record bugs directly to a bug database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automatically take a screenshot of page where bug is found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;save the HTML of the page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have the steps to generate the bug automatically recorded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;display bugs already reported on the page (to reduce repeat testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't look like this BITE project is still under &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/bite-project/source/list&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;very active development&lt;/a&gt; or widely used which makes me question if it's a good avenue to look into (and spend valuable time going through the set-up proccess).  Does anyone have experience with tools that have similar functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am the only person on QA in a small startup mainly focused on a Single Page javascript application. I'm spend most of my time in a SET'ish roll focused on aiding developement and code oriented automated tests. It tends to be spare time of project managers and other not-so-technical people used to quickly find bugs with click-around manual tests.  I would find a tool like this very valuable in producing technically useful information in adhoc testing session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="5247" LastEditDate="2013-09-04T08:15:03.533" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T04:59:20.690" Title="Tools similar to Google BITE = Browser Integrated Testing Environment and in browser manual testing aids?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6134" CreationDate="2013-06-11T17:44:23.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I write automation code with Robot Framework in an agile development environment. So long as you have an idea of the implementation of the code in test, you can write automation scripts before the code is deployed. This should be an exercise in logic and workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the code is live you can update your script with specific identifiers for each keyword. This approach pre-supposes that you have a library of existing keywords for testing your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often times we finish automation after a sprint is over - we run all automated scripts nightly  so the script still gets run plenty. Furthermore, even without a nightly automation run, your automation scripts will be viable during regression sprints. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5434" LastActivityDate="2013-06-11T17:44:23.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6149" CreationDate="2013-06-11T18:22:37.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company we utilize Robot framework and have over 1000 robot keywords that act as a front end to selenium. We have 1 team dedicated to maintaining and creating new keywords, overseeing the nightly runs and other automation support issues. We then have a team of about 30 QA who only write test cases in robot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By using robot framework to create high level keywords, a tester doesn't need to focus much on coding - only on passing the right page element id's and inputs to the robot keywords.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, depending on the script, there can be a great deal of coding still - especially in scenarios where our team does not already have keywords created to support the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5434" LastActivityDate="2013-06-11T18:22:37.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6222" CreationDate="2013-06-11T19:50:23.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have many excellent answers already. Adding my 2 cents to say that your story hits close to home. Management and I have come to an agreeable compromise which is that I created &quot;Mini regression&quot; test scenarios for only the high traffic areas and modules of the program. The Mini Regression is performed as needed, but usually during installation testing. This will not work for all QA environments, but for ours, it works fine. If issues are found they are logged in an issues list (not a defect tracker). Management reviews the issues; some get pushed and some get forwarded to the developers. From beginning to end, if no issues are found, the Mini Regression takes about 2 hours. However if I find bugs, it could take all day depending on the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is to stay flexible! I used to get frustrated at the lack of coverage, but if management finds the current process acceptable, there is no need to change until a need arises. It is better to put creative energy into focusing on what can be done rather than on what can't be done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2013-06-11T19:50:23.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6234" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6236" CreationDate="2013-06-11T22:57:03.790" Score="8" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;This I hope won't come across too broad of a question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've been tasked with introducing testing process' for a web application developed in an 'agile' environment, released in 2 weekly cycles. but currently there is no framework in place. No documentation of existing features, test plans or much else for that matter. Then where do you start?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been thinking about this and I think the following are good starting points to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Identify existing features:&#xA;Rank for risk of breaking due to change and impact of breaking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For high/medium impact/risk features:&#xA;Identify how features should work. &#xA;Create test cases detailing intended functionality. &#xA;Create data to test. &#xA;Identify where, when and how test should be done. Add to test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To clarify, the objective is to introduce a framework which can be used for generating functionality tests for new features and regression tests for existing undocumented features. But not to test and document things for the sake of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastEditorUserId="5422" LastEditDate="2013-06-12T11:54:23.983" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T12:21:32.330" Title="Where to start with introducing a testing framework" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6235" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6254" CreationDate="2013-06-12T09:04:45.350" Score="1" ViewCount="1623" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've created unit tests of my WinForms using MS Visual Studio 2008. None of my tests have been approved. All of them (0/42 tests) resulted into some kind of failure described as follows:- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.&#xA;Assert.Inconclusive failed. A method that does not return a value cannot be verified.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without running these tests, the normal output produced didn't seem to throw any errors. I'm completely new to testing so I have no idea how to handle these errors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;///A test for txtTel_Leave&#xA;///&amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;[TestMethod()]&#xA;[DeploymentItem(&quot;Payroll master.exe&quot;)]&#xA;public void txtTel_LeaveTest()&#xA;{&#xA;    emp_Accessor target = new emp_Accessor(); // TODO: Initialize to an appropriate value&#xA;    object sender = null; // TODO: Initialize to an appropriate value&#xA;    EventArgs e = null; // TODO: Initialize to an appropriate value&#xA;    target.txtTel_Leave(sender, e);&#xA;    Assert.Inconclusive(&quot;A method that does not return a value cannot be verified.&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3112" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T22:53:56.540" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:53:56.540" Title="Unit Testing: Windows Forms using MS Visual Studio 2008" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6234" CreationDate="2013-06-12T12:21:32.330" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to go out on a limb here and say that what you have is an ad-hoc development process rather than an agile one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's where I'd start, assuming that you have the ability to work with the programmers and project/application management on this (you can get a lot of it even if you don't have that ability).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who&lt;/strong&gt; - Who is the intended and actual user for the application? The user base creates its own requirements by virtue of who they are: an application used by trained people in an intranet environment has different requirements than one used by the general public on the internet at large. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; - Survey the functionality of the application - I'd do this in two major passes: one for vertical slices (features and modules), one for layers (presentation, business logic, data storage etc). This is also where I'd start mapping out what information needs to be passed between features and between layers (In this context I'd consider a module to be a collection of related features - for instance in a web store, there'd be the catalog module for browsing products and the cart module for making purchases. Features in the catalog module might be a product search or product filterinig. In the cart module some features might include one-click orders for logged in customers who've saved their payment and billing/delivery information, support for different payment options, and so forth).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; - Find and map out time/flow dependencies. This would also cover the most common paths through the application, something you need to know because the problems most likely to affect your users will be in those common paths. That would be where you'd want to start. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where&lt;/strong&gt; - The environment where the application &quot;lives&quot; has an impact - as does your test environment. You're going to want to mimic the live environment to some extent, but in a way that gives you control over the application for testing purposes. You're also going to want to document any aspects of your test environment that can't mimic the live one and the possible risks associated with it (for instance, test environments frequently don't employ SSL). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why&lt;/strong&gt; - what is the underlying purpose of the application? Every app, big or small, exists for a purpose - to solve a problem (for a definition of problem that amounts to &quot;do something someone wants&quot; or &quot;do something better than anything else out there&quot;). Knowing the purpose gives you somewhere to aim.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be my first pass. After I'd put together something with the information I'd gathered (format optional - you can use mind maps, bullet points in a document, spreadsheets, or something more formal - whatever works for you), I'd start digging into more detail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Previous failures&lt;/strong&gt; - If there's any kind of issue tracking going on, survey it. You'll want to know what kind of problems have been reported, where they cluster (this gives you an idea of where the more fragile areas of the application might be - or where the most heavily trafficked areas are). You might even get lucky and find information about the impact of failures - including financial impact. This can also give you a feel for what is considered a serious issue with the application and what isn't.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Module dependencies&lt;/strong&gt; - In my experience, there are always dependencies and assumptions. For a web application these include the browsers it works with, connectivity and the like. Modules will often depend on user login information being stored somewhere accessible. If there are any modules that shouldn't be accessible until some other activity has been completed, you need to find them and note this - because they'll usually depend on information the previous activity has provided.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature dependencies&lt;/strong&gt; - this works similarly to module dependencies, but tends to require more detailed information. If you have them, application help files/pages can be useful for this. I've gone through the process of surveying a large application to dig the information out myself and it's not something I'd want to repeat if I could avoid it - but sometimes this is the only way you can get the data you need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Development process&lt;/strong&gt; - You need to know how new features get added to the system, and where your role sits. It's almost certainly not as a gatekeeper:  testers generally provide information about the &lt;em&gt;state&lt;/em&gt; of the system in test, allowing people closer to the business needs to decide whether or not it's ready to go live (which, I would note, will not prevent it going live in a state where it's not ready - there can be contractual requirements, opportunity costs, and a whole lot more that is outside tester-world that weigh more heavily than the potential costs of problems that reach users). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Internal communications&lt;/strong&gt; - As much as possible, you need to be talking to the business-focused people (usually project and application management) as well as the programmers and any other testers. It saves a lot of misunderstandings. I've had a lot of success telling people &quot;I'm lazy. I don't want to have to do things over - I want to get them right the first time&quot;. Also, the people who worked on a feature will have in-depth knowledge of how that feature is supposed to work - that makes them invaluable resources to you and your team. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is by no means a complete list - it's more of a quick and dirty set of ideas that can be used as a starting point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T12:21:32.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6222" CreationDate="2013-06-12T13:25:54.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically your problem is you are trying to squeeze two months of work into one, make yourself super efficient while also dealing with an inordinate amount of code, and a large group of people who are claiming that you are slowing them down.  All true, and while all of the answers given will help, you will also need to use some diplomacy in being able to solve this.  Like others I have been in this situation, where you are outnumbered 4 or 5 to 1 where those 4 or 5 are cranking out code that can be everywhere at once.  You want to be able to minimize the risks and if your experience, and defect tracking, has shown that often one change or fix makes more then you have the feeling you need to test in more areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things you can do to minmize the impact on you (some of which need assistance from the Developers, but if they want to get the release cycles down they should want to help you out).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dev Test Days!  Something an old company of mine did, whenever the Development Team was ready for a build they all took it, and some Test Checklists, then checked code.  Yet not their own!  They did their own installs and checked areas they DID NOT work on.  Often this would get you past the installer issues, since you now have more eyes checking issues, and often when they found it they knew the problems and dealt with them before you, and less complaining on you since they have just done the build!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evolve your automation.  You can't automate everything, and can't do it all at once either, so you need to add piecemeal to what you have, find one thing to you can automate quickly during a release cycle so you have that for regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the dependencies, having a dependency map is great (though it takes upkeep) but one thing I found that works well is talk to the Devs about what THEY think are the dependencies.  Often they think its something else, especially if they are focused on one area, then talk to the person who it &quot;might&quot; impact then see what they say.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate the builds and automate some testing, see if you can get nightly builds going and have some automation checking that build each night.  That way you can be sure that some tests will be run ALL the time.  Try to get your Developers to work on this as well, because what also works is whoever broke last nights build, needs to fix it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to just cut testing, and while you are there to mitigate the risks and show what may or may not be issues, sometimes Development groups need to step up and take some responsibility in what they do.  This takes a LOT of diplomacy to get them on board, understand it, and then keep it going until its part of the culture but it can be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T13:25:54.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6259" CreationDate="2013-06-12T15:45:40.493" Score="2" ViewCount="887" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to configure my Android Jenkins projects to run a Virtualbox AndroVM instance.  I have the Virtualbox/Jenkins plugin but I don't see how to run the the VBox instance in the job, only have option to run the emulator.  Is there a way to configure Jenkins to use the VirtualBox AndroidVM to instead of the Emulator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5438" LastEditorUserId="5438" LastEditDate="2013-06-12T17:03:07.743" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T13:48:59.993" Title="Use Android VirtualBox Instead of Emulator for Jenkins" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6239" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-12T17:13:59.317" Score="4" ViewCount="1982" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question about best practices for writing test cases. At my job, I am using a closed source, third party tool that parses files into a database. Since this is a third party tool, is it necessary to write a test suite for it? Should we limit our tests to only testing our own code or should we also test third party code in an attempt to increase reliability. We are testing the data for accuracy before it hits the  parser, and the data is then tested subsequently once it is pulled out of the database and used in other parts of the system.  We have been using the tool in development for about a month with no unexpected results, so we have the smoke test covered, now I'm wondering about the need for more formal testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5439" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T15:19:10.323" Title="Is it necessary to test third party tools?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6239" CreationDate="2013-06-12T17:36:22.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is always necessary to validate how your tools are working in conjunction with the rest of the application workflow.  In your case it sounds like you are already testing the inputs that your are sending the the tool and what you are then receiving from the tool.  Beyond that it is a question of where you feel you need or want to spend your time.  You would hope that the developer has spent some time testing the tool before selling it (not always the case).  I would say it depends some on your level of trust, time, budget.  If you have covered critical path items and risk areas my thought is to leave it be at that point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T17:36:22.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6239" CreationDate="2013-06-12T17:40:25.127" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;At some point you have to trust the third-party software you work with.  That's not to say the software won't have bugs; of course it will.  But you can never test everything.  For example, I suspect you do not test the operating system, compilers, text editors, router firmware, printer drivers, and web browsers that you depend upon.  (At a previous job, our source code was occasionally corrupted by a faulty network stack.  Essentially, the act of checking code in could cause bugs (or compile errors) to creep in.  Fortunately that was a long time ago.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a history of problems with the tool, or if you believe you use the tool in an unusual way that may not have been covered by the vendor, then it's worth considering some kind of acceptance test of those specific features for each new version of the tool.  An acceptance test may also be justified if you suspect the tool could cause otherwise undetectable errors.  Otherwise, I would trust the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T17:40:25.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6242" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-12T17:43:11.703" Score="2" ViewCount="601" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read the following in a job advertisement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Experience with high level software QA [...] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is it or what could it be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5440" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T18:09:15.773" Title="What is high-level software QA?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6242" CreationDate="2013-06-12T18:09:15.773" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, user5440.  &quot;High level software QA&quot; could refer to a architect-level position, or a management position, or something else; maybe even a job testing zeppelin software, or testing marijuana distribution software in California.  Or it might mean ordinary testing from the perspective of someone who doesn't know anything about software, or who wants to make the job sound more exciting than it really is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We get a lot of &quot;what does this phrase in this job advertisement mean?&quot; kind of questions here. You aren't going to find a good answer unless you actually ask the company who posted the advertisement.  And there is nothing wrong with dashing off a note to the company asking, &quot;What did you mean by that?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T18:09:15.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6239" CreationDate="2013-06-12T19:23:49.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have chosen to include the third-party tool in your software. Therefore you are responsible for how it performs in your software. Given that, I'd want to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may choose to test the third-party tool only as part of testing your software. The danger here is that your tests may not exercise all of the interfaces that your software uses, nor all of the possible sequences of events, nor all of the possible responses from the third party tool. The more critical the tool, the more you'll want to test it independently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to focus on what Michael Feathers calls &quot;characterization tests.&quot; These are automated tests designed not so much to &lt;em&gt;test&lt;/em&gt; the third party tool as to &lt;em&gt;characterize&lt;/em&gt; it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want characterization tests that demonstrate these elements of the third party tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic, common usage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary conditions (places where different inputs lead to different execution paths).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non-obvious behaviors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sequences that demonstrate the internal state of the third party tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error conditions and exceptions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tend to focus on how &lt;em&gt;my&lt;/em&gt; software uses the third party tool. This kind of test offers a number of benefits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Demonstrate to other developers how to use the third party tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Represent the assumptions that your code makes about the third party tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Detect relevant changes when you upgrade to a new version of the third party tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-06-12T19:23:49.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6239" CreationDate="2013-06-13T01:29:27.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Question: will you be relying on those third party tools for business income?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, you probably want to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, at some point, you have to trust the tools, libraries and more that you use to some extent. They've been tested as well by others.  So you don't need to retest them from scratch. However, you should test the code that you use, make sure you get the responses you expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, remember that the critical reliability affects how much you need to test it.  Is it a third party tool you're including in nuclear launch software? Probably worth writing pretty comprehensive tests.  Is it a wordpress blog plugin?  Probably not so critical to test every aspect of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T01:29:27.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2963" CreationDate="2013-06-13T02:22:58.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is what I found from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mobilefish.com/tutorials/web_service/web_service_quickguide_countries.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mobilefish quick guide&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Countries web service is permanently disabled because this service is being misused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4498" LastEditorUserId="27878" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T18:07:55.547" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T18:07:55.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6247" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-13T03:27:08.227" Score="5" ViewCount="680" Body="&lt;p&gt;The AUT is on Android platform which has experienced slowness or long time loading a section's contents (more than 17s).&#xA;I can notice the app only has long time loading the first time I enter that specific menu, after that moving in / out the menu does not have that high loading time anymore. (Something of cached contents? I am not sure)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the web service perspective I know that this action to enter the menu contains of 3 separate requests and waiting for feedback from the webservice.&#xA;That's why I used SoapUI to make a simple load test to confirm this slowness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the result for the load is not promising:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;max response time: around 20000ms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;average response time: 500ms/1200ms/5000ms (for each 3 requests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That is just for 50 threads which result in 0 to small percent of time-out errors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I try to use 400 threads instead (which is a requirement from customer), the timeout errors will be unacceptable (50%)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the slowness on the app a result of the sum of these 3 requests: around 7000ms ~ equal 7s? (It is still way much lower than 17s on real device)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, does this appear that the web service can not afford a high number (400) of concurrent users in real working environment?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could it be that or am i doing something wrong here?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you. Appreciate all the answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4498" LastEditorUserId="4956" LastEditDate="2013-07-16T15:44:12.843" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:53:19.470" Title="Load testing web service with SoapUI to confirm android app's slowness" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6248" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-13T04:22:32.500" Score="2" ViewCount="2685" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I capture the browser rendering time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5441" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-13T13:18:53.433" LastActivityDate="2013-07-08T20:06:37.323" Title="Why LR tool is not able to capture browser rendering time?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6249" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-13T04:26:44.547" Score="2" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;My mom has recently signed up for a QA training course with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.h2kinfosys.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.h2kinfosys.com&lt;/a&gt;, and I'm not sure if this center would be respected by the industry. They say that the center will help with job placement, but do people really find an entry level software testing positions (preferably workinng remotely) with a certification, some previous projects, and no CS degree?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried looking at job ads online, but most of them seem to be for higher-level positions. Would any companies ever be interested in a part-time tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5442" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T04:26:44.547" Title="What is the general opinion H2K information systems?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-03-05T17:18:21.083" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5214" CreationDate="2013-06-13T04:30:38.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One possibility is the use of CodePro Analytix by Google which has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/java-dev-tools/codepro/doc/features/junit/test_case_generation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JUnit Test Case Generation&lt;/a&gt; feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T04:30:38.127" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6248" CreationDate="2013-06-13T11:51:11.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Loadrunner is a tool that captures at a level below the browser (for example at the http level). It isn't a browser, and thus doesn't do any rendering that could be captured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tools that hook into the  browser itself (such as HTTPWatch). see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.httpwatch.com/2008/05/14/using-httpwatch-to-measure-page-load-times-for-new-and-existing-users/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.httpwatch.com/2008/05/14/using-httpwatch-to-measure-page-load-times-for-new-and-existing-users/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T11:51:11.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6248" CreationDate="2013-06-13T13:25:36.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The available tools vary by browser.  Chrome has a built-in debugger; see &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/chrome-developer-tools/docs/timeline&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developers.google.com/chrome-developer-tools/docs/timeline&lt;/a&gt;.  For Firefox, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/yslow/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/yslow/&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T13:25:36.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6247" CreationDate="2013-06-13T17:01:42.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;welcome to SQA.  One thing that it looks like you are not taking into account is the network speed of the device you are testing on.  If you are running load runner on a network that has high internet connection speeds, or more probably is on the same network as the service you're testing, then you will get almost no additional time due to network latency, whereas on a device you will likely see quite a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tools that you can use while you're executing load runner to simulate network latency, Load runner may actually have this built in, but I'm not super familiar with the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, adding network latency to the requests will likely exacerbate the issues you're seeing with timeouts because now the web service will have to wait longer before it gets a response back from the client and will have more threads it's keeping around in memory for a longer period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T17:01:42.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6235" CreationDate="2013-06-13T18:19:04.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To set up your unit tests they need to initialize all of the variables.  They should end up looking something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code To Be Tested:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Class1&#xA;{&#xA;    public int CombineValues(int a, int b)&#xA;    {&#xA;        int c = 12;&#xA;        if (a != 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; b &amp;gt; 10)&#xA;        {&#xA;            c += (a + b);&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            c += 1;&#xA;        }&#xA;        return c;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Your values should be initialed and the test needs to assert something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestClass]&#xA;public class UnitTest1&#xA;{&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void SimpleAdd()&#xA;    {&#xA;        int a = 1;&#xA;        int b = 12;&#xA;        Class1 cl1 = new Class1();&#xA;        int expected = 25;&#xA;        int actual = cl1.CombineValues(a, b);&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void SimpleAdd_a_is_zero_test()&#xA;    {&#xA;        int a = 0;&#xA;        int b = 12;&#xA;        Class1 cl1 = new Class1();&#xA;        int expected = 13;&#xA;        int actual = cl1.CombineValues(a, b);&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a far more comprehensive look at unit testing check out Roy Osherove's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.manning.com/osherove2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Art of Unit Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T18:19:04.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6264" CreationDate="2013-06-13T19:30:25.817" Score="1" ViewCount="4231" Body="&lt;p&gt;I clearly missed a step trying to get HtmlUnit driver working with my app.  I am getting the following exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException was unhandled   HResult=-2146233088&#xA;  Message=Unexpected error. System.Net.WebException: Unable to connect&#xA;  to the remote server ---&gt; System.Net.Sockets.SocketException: No&#xA;  connection could be made because the target machine actively refused&#xA;  it 127.0.0.1:4444&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am invoking the HtmlUnit driver with the follwing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub&quot;),&#xA;                                        DesiredCapabilities.HtmlUnit());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect I need to either use a different Uri or configure something else on my machine.  I am running this on Windows 7 Pro x64 bit.  Is there something I should be doing with the selenium-server-standalone-2.33.0.jar file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a note things are working find with both the IE and Chrome web drivers.  I am just experimenting with this as a solutions to see if it is faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T22:52:30.413" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:52:30.413" Title="How to configure HtmlUnit Driver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6239" CreationDate="2013-06-13T20:03:38.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd agree with the other folks here: it looks like you're testing your application's use of the third party tool, and in most cases that should be enough (if you're working somewhere where a mistake would get someone killed, perhaps not so much).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a tool that interfaces between some form of data and a database, the essentials are testing that when using known data, it gets to the database correctly, and that known database data is handled correctly by your application when the tool returns it. Effectively, you're testing the &lt;em&gt;interface&lt;/em&gt;  between your application and the third party tool by validating data at either end of the workflow. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things to consider would be ensuring that the data format your application delivers matches what the tool expects, and that your application handles the data format delivered by the tool when it's retrieving from the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if your application is doing all the right things, and the tool fails, your organization has the &quot;joy&quot; of working with the tool vendor to get a bug fix through, and in the meantime building (and testing) a workaround for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-13T20:03:38.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6255" CreationDate="2013-06-14T07:43:00.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Target machine Actively refused it&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; means that the host sent a reset instead of ack when you tried to connect. There is no problem with your code . Either there is a &lt;strong&gt;firewall blocking the connection or the process that is hosting the service is not listening on that port&lt;/strong&gt;, this may be because it is not running at all or because it is listening on a different port.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;once you start the program  try &lt;code&gt;netstat -anb&lt;/code&gt; at command prompt (requires admin privileges) to verify that it is running and listening on the expected port.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for additional reference you can refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2972600/no-connection-could-be-made-because-the-target-machine-actively-refused-it&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T07:43:00.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6239" CreationDate="2013-06-14T10:46:41.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincidentally, Dilbert provides a nice answer: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dilbert.com/fast/2013-06-13/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dilbert.com/fast/2013-06-13/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you need to test depends on the risks you are willing to take.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you decide to use a new third-party tool, you must decide if it is fit for the task. That &quot;fit&quot; is determined contextually, by the way your system uses the tool, by the availability of support for the tool, by the expected future of the tool as it interacts with your system, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your customers will consider this third-party tool as just a component of your overall system, and will expect it to work as well as the rest of your offering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Dilbert suggests, if the third-party tool fails now or in the future, you cannot go back to your customer and deny responsibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, you should test the third-party tool to the same extent you would test it if you had written it yourself and incorporated it into your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T10:46:41.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6238" CreationDate="2013-06-14T13:53:04.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't look like the Android/Android Emulator plugin for Jenkins has that feature or something similar,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try using the Jenkins &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/VirtualBox+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;VirtualBox Plugin&quot;&gt;VirtualBox Plugin&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://vboxtool.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;VBoxTool&quot;&gt;VBoxTool&lt;/a&gt; get the instance running and set up your tests to execute from there&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info on how to configure the VirtualBox Plugin can be found in another question &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5399/what-is-the-correct-way-to-configure-the-virtualbox-plugin-on-jenkins&quot;&gt;What is the correct way to configure the VirtualBox plugin on Jenkins?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="36" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T13:53:04.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6262" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-14T16:02:07.547" Score="0" ViewCount="6520" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not duplicate of following question since it was accepted by the asked person with a different answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6146/automating-tests-in-epos-systems&quot;&gt;Automating tests in EPOS systems&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are developing a Big POS System with several Desktop, Web and  Distributed features. This system is designed to run in all of these environments in different forms. As I am the team lead of my team I would like to introduce some best tool for automated testing. I am still researching for good tools, but I couldn't find a solution. Basically I am a developer with less knowledge in testing :( . Maybe people from this site can be able help me since all are specialized in Software Quality assurance &amp;amp; Testing. Sorry I couldn't able to explain in a tester manner but I can explain what the key points are which we are thinking to achieve using the automated tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Desktop&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check Touch optimization in Server Hardware feature (we can't use real&#xA;tills since we are geographically distributed team from our mother&#xA;company) I would like to reduce memory, Processor etc. and check the&#xA;Performance (Tried some Virtual machines but it is not really reducing&#xA;the processor speed).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Functionality testing based on retail and Hospitality (Recode Test&#xA;cases and result etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Databases consistency, Database speed for huge amount of requests. I&#xA;would like to emulate number of users and test system in functionality&#xA;and performance perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error providing mechanism (we are using custom Exception handling&#xA;mechanism) but we would like to create more custom messages by&#xA;creating more run time exceptions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test our code with most type of POS peripherals(Scanners, Receipt&#xA;printers, Cash drawers, Line Display, text inserter, Caller ID, Credit&#xA;card Machines, Access control systems etc.) emulate these type of&#xA;devices virtually and test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OS compatibilities (we are targeting windows based Embedded OSes) I like&#xA;to install several OS like virtual machines and test the&#xA;compatibilities issues. As I said above virtual machine is good for these&#xA;kind of things but can't reduce hardware specs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Web and Distributed System&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test functionality as i mentioned above in Desktop environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Cross browser compatibilities&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test User request load&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test site loading in different Stress(Low bandwidth,Many user&#xA;request,good UI controls etc)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Databases Consistency&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Security attacks&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for big description since I am not familiar with Testing perspective terms. There must be  easy definitions for these kind of Testing. Definitely single automating tool can't achieve these goals. I would like to introduce set of tools to my team. I hope professional people here can give a good solution and guide to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So can any one please suggest some best Automated tools (Single tool&#xA;or Set of tools, whatever) to achieve above goals I have listed in&#xA;bullet points?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If anyone suggests a tool please explain, what are the key points&#xA;which I have listed above can be done by that tool?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5452" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:37:55.467" Title="Suitable Automated Testing tools for POS Systems" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5303" CreationDate="2013-06-14T17:07:59.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To resolve the error, edit &lt;code&gt;go.bat&lt;/code&gt; at the root of your selenium repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will see the following line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -Xmx&lt;b&gt;2048m&lt;/b&gt; -XX:MaxPermSize=&lt;b&gt;1024m&lt;/b&gt; -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=256m -client -jar third_party\jruby\jruby-complete.jar -X-C -S rake %*&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decrease the value of the highlighted digits, by changing it to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -Xmx&lt;b&gt;512m&lt;/b&gt; -XX:MaxPermSize=&lt;b&gt;512m&lt;/b&gt; -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=256m -client -jar third_party\jruby\jruby-complete.jar -X-C -S rake %*&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this change, you should be able to run &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; and build Selenium. If the error still shows up, reduce the boldfaced numbers. The meaning of these flags are explained in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6902135/side-effect-for-increasing-maxpermsize-and-max-heap-size/6916718#6916718&quot;&gt;this answer on Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. If you want to set up an environment for developing Selenium in Windows, have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jimevans/windows-selenium-dev-setup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/jimevans/windows-selenium-dev-setup&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5453" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T17:39:39.213" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6255" CreationDate="2013-06-14T17:45:05.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The issue I had is that the HtmlUnit driver requires works a bit differently than the FireFox, Chrome or InternetExplorerDriver.  Those drivers will get started by the application that is calling them.  For this I actually had to start the stand alone server on my box.  This was accomplished simply by navigating to the directory that contains the stand alone server jar and starting it.  So for me this meant I had this:  &lt;code&gt;c:\Program Files (x86)\Selenium\Drivers&amp;gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.33.0.jar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then it was simply a matter of ensuring that the Uri I was using matches that shown in console window for the stand alone server for RemoteWebDriver instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T17:45:05.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6262" CreationDate="2013-06-14T18:21:16.370" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO, a team lead who is a developer with less knowledge in testing, is the wrong kind of person to be selecting a test tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any QA Professionals on your team - perhaps someone with test tool experience? Or, lacking that do you have anyone on the team who will actually be tasked with &lt;em&gt;using&lt;/em&gt; a test tool? I would suggest you turn to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If neither of those options is viable, have you considered hiring a knowledgeable consultant to help with your tool choice and get you started on a testing process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, in case it will help, here are some things I look for in my test suite.  It might spur some thoughts that will help you narrow your selections a bit-&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/things-i-like-to-have-in-my-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here are some places you can get trial versions of test automation tools-&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/trial-versions-of-commercial-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T10:37:55.467" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:37:55.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6218" CreationDate="2013-06-14T18:54:57.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there's no shortage of academic work on this line, but like user246 I'd be hesitant to use them to estimate anything I'm doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of my reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No two code bases are directly comparable. Test automation effort depends a lot on how testable the system under test is. Two applications can seem very similar on the surface but without further research it there's no telling whether they're using closed components that offer nothing for an automator to interact with or whether they're well encapsulated and have nice accessible handles for automation to grab. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A well managed test automation framework takes less time to add to than a poorly managed one (been there... Got the scars to prove it). The same level of functional additions using any of the methods above can take much more time to build when the automation framework is a patchwork of ad-hoc additions. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A badly documented framework always takes longer to work with - because of the time wasted to see if there are any helper functions to perform common tasks, the time taken to build your own when you don't find any (even if they do exist but are living in an obscurely named, undocumented library - been there, too).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The unknown unknowns will bite you every time - and in my experience what happens is that something that should be simple proves to be a major pain to work with and takes ages to automate, completely destroying your estimates.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these factors apply to every model of test automation in existence - estimates are functionally meaningless unless the person giving the estimate is already familiar with the features and functions of the application and how they interact with the automation tool. Even then, estimation is only accurate for well-defined small-scope scenarios. It's no different from estimations for software development in general in that regard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T18:54:57.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5212" CreationDate="2013-06-14T20:48:37.013" Score="6" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In recent versions of Windows, Microsoft decided to give services their own hidden desktop, and so even if you check &quot;interact with desktop&quot; and running as current user, the service still is referring to a hidden background desktop.  There is no way to change this, as Microsoft did this on purpose.  So, for example, to run Selenium tests from a executor, you need to run the executor as current user in the foreground.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ran into this problem when using Jenkins job server to schedule and run all my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need your executor program to auto start when restarting the computer, &lt;strong&gt;then set your machine to &quot;auto-logon&quot; on startup and then run the executor as a startup program in the foreground&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another solution would be to convert your tests to using a Grid and a Node.  Then, you can run TeamCity as a background service, run the Grid Hub in the foreground, and run the Grid node in the foreground.  Then, your tests just talk JSON protocol to Grid Hub and your &quot;running as a service&quot; problem is solved because Grid Node runs them as the foreground user.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2013-06-17T22:04:19.853" LastActivityDate="2013-06-17T22:04:19.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5212" CreationDate="2013-06-14T21:05:08.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have this same problem with Ranorex and Teamcity. Running on a build agent that runs as a service is ok, but screenshots wouldn't come through right. What we ended up doing was logging in at console and running the build agent at console and running tests on that build agent. It's not an ideal solution, but it's solved all of our problems, so it's workable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-06-14T21:05:08.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6239" CreationDate="2013-06-17T06:10:27.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A real life example- Iperf, it is almost an industry standard for measuring network throughput, the common (but not latest) release 1.7.0 is a decade old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still when I encountered strange behavior I started digging and found out that Iperf for Windows behaves differently than Iperf for Linux, and this is not even a bug but an OS behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When using UDP on Windows you see bursts of data, whereas on Linux the data is sent smoothly. This has something to do with the schedulers Windows and Linux use for sending out data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your network device has small input buffers you will see it &quot;choke&quot; on Windows but works fine on Linux.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I tested it or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-06-17T06:10:27.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-19T04:48:41.503" Score="4" ViewCount="1520" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot record CKeditor actions in Selenium IDE. I have added the following commands in my test case, but my problem is that on my page I have a button to save/send some data (from ckeditor too) and when Selenium clicks on the Save button, the written data in ckeditor disappears.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;focus  |  class=cke_show_borders&#xA;typeKeys |  class=cke_show_borders  | testing content&#xA;runScript | CKEDITOR.instances[&quot;editor1&quot;].setData('testContent');&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T10:56:59.137" LastActivityDate="2015-03-21T14:29:36.007" Title="CKeditor Recording Problem Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6277" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-19T06:46:54.840" Score="4" ViewCount="618" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say we have a dev environment, an integration, a pre-production and a production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have features A-G that are on everything, while new feature H is on dev+int only, so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We want to run our nightly tests across all environments (aside from production).  We have a core set of 'reliable' tests that run, however, as we add new ones to it for feature H, it means that they'll be failing on pre-prod, as H isn't there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to mitigate this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see one option being having 'feature' tests that you turn on per environment, although given we currently tag with @proven tests or similar and pull it into Jenkins, I'm not quite sure how to handle this. Still mulling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T11:55:40.117" Title="Strategies for automating testing on features that are only on certain environments" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-19T07:01:54.120" Score="-3" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between Installation Testing and Compatibility Testing in context of software Testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4804" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T12:36:33.923" Title="difference between installation testing and compatibility testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-06-19T21:14:37.950" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6277" CreationDate="2013-06-19T07:09:05.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you can either automatically detect whether the feature is installed, or manually create some kind of test configuration file appropriate to each environment.  Then use that information to deselect tests that are not appropriate to the configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T07:09:05.147" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6277" CreationDate="2013-06-19T11:55:40.117" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several ways you can work with this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No-work - let the tests for the new feature fail until the feature is migrated to the staging environments. This can be an option if the tests don't block builds or aren't reporting directly to management. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;smart&quot; detection - as Dale suggested, use some coding to detect whether the feature is detected and log a warning or message if it isn't present. This keeps the visibility of whether the feature has migrated without failing the test run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;environment-specific configuration - as Dale suggested, have some configuration file that defines the features available in that environment and prevents running of tests that don't match the environment. This is a bit more work because once the feature migrates, you have to update your configuration files to enable the feature tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;versioned tests - this is similar to the environment-specific configuration, but leverages some flavor of version control system. If your test base is kept in a source control system, you can branch or snapshot your tests on a per-version basis and set your environments to pull the tests from the appropriate version. This also requires manual updates as version changes are made to the environments but can be very useful if you're having to run your tests against multiple versions of the application (my last position, I was maintaining three versioned branches on nightly automation runs - the development branch, and the last two release branches - plus at-need runs of another three branches - emergency releases only, and only if the changes touched core code. This used a lot of virtual machines configured per major version which would be spun up at need).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't really matter which option you choose as long as it works for you and your team. My experience is that the more complex the application and environments in use, the more complex the setup for automation needs to be. At my last employer, there were generally three major versions of the system in active development: the development branch where new features were built, the current major release branch and prior major release branch (&quot;maintenance releases&quot; - bug fixes only). In addition, older versions would get emergency release branches for critical bug fixes (which, depending on the customer, could be anything from problems with financial reporting to irritating but not critical problems which the customer was sick of dealing with).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever you choose, be consistent with it and make sure it's documented so everyone in the team knows how things are working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T11:55:40.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6278" CreationDate="2013-06-19T12:36:33.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, &lt;strong&gt;Installation Testing&lt;/strong&gt; checks for the ability to properly install the system-under-test, where &lt;strong&gt;Compatibility Testing&lt;/strong&gt; checks that the system-under-test is compatible across several environments/platforms/browsers/etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two terms are mostly unrelated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other terms, see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T12:36:33.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6284" CreationDate="2013-06-19T18:47:40.847" Score="4" ViewCount="797" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a script that parses many thousands of lines from a server log and collates the data. I'm wondering how to go about creating unit-tests for such a program, to make sure it gathers the data correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I just create a very small dataset and collate it manually and make sure that the unit test handles this small amount of data correctly? Is there some other way of determining that the calculations I did are correct? Ideally I would like to write the test based on a file that approximates what my script would be actually processing, rather a much much smaller sample size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4282" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T11:49:36.783" Title="Testing programs that handle huge datasets" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6283" CreationDate="2013-06-19T19:03:03.267" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ideally I would like to write the test based on a file that approximates what my script would be actually processing, rather a much much smaller sample size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it were me, I would test functional correctness and scale independently.  Fault isolation is easier that way.  Your code/test/debug cycle can go more quickly too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thinking here is that functional issues are typically independent of scale; for example, whether you handle really long URLs or a missing IP address has nothing to do with how big the file is.  On the flip side, the kind of errors you encounter at scale (e.g. running out of memory or slowing to a crawl) are &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; likely to happen with a really big file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-21T15:12:01.197" LastActivityDate="2013-06-21T15:12:01.197" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6285" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-19T19:05:34.070" Score="9" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester with limited knowledge of how to code. How to approach the security testing of a web site. Are there any good tools/sites/docs/ or classes preferably for security testing where i can learn from them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5486" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T22:51:15.253" LastActivityDate="2021-03-26T05:46:16.007" Title="Security testing of web application" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6286" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-19T21:00:12.600" Score="1" ViewCount="265" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for a regression testing solution for SAP Web Intelligence Reporting that is fairly low maintenance. Wondering what others recommend for this and have used to accomplish this goal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2782" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-06-19T22:02:18.243" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T22:02:18.243" Title="Automated Regression Testing for SAP Web Intelligence Reports" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-03-13T18:14:24.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6285" CreationDate="2013-06-19T22:44:05.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would start here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lots of good reading, tools, videos, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-06-19T22:44:05.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6285" CreationDate="2013-06-20T00:26:35.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are already a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/607/how-to-plan-security-testing-of-a-web-application?rq=1&quot;&gt;bunch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; of really good &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/304/security-testing-resources?rq=1&quot;&gt;SO/SQA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; related pages; including &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5525/open-source-web-security-testing-tools?rq=1&quot;&gt;tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="976" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-06-20T00:26:35.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6290" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-20T10:29:28.683" Score="4" ViewCount="51625" Body="&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.getDriver().findElement(By.id(&quot;s2id_customFilter&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am using the above code but it's not working.&quot;s2id_customFilter&quot; is the id of the drop down.Am clicking on the id and sending keys but there's no action from selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jQueryWebElement filterElement = selenium.jQuery(&quot;#s2id_customFilter&quot;);&#xA;selenium.jQuery(&quot;.select2-choice&quot;,filterElement).click();&#xA;JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, &quot;one&quot;);&#xA;selenium.getDriver().findElement(By.id(&quot;s2id_customFilter&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ARROW‌​_DOWN);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5492" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-12-13T00:04:33.533" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T01:44:47.870" Title="How to send down arrow keys for a drop down?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-20T14:53:38.987" Score="2" ViewCount="1097" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how I can connect to an Excel sheet as a database using the ADO objects, but as it is, I need to download the spreadsheet from Test Resources and store it locally.  How can I connect to the spreadsheet in ALM &lt;strong&gt;without&lt;/strong&gt; downloading it from Test Resources?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4364" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T02:05:45.770" Title="Is it possible to connect to a Test Resource in HP ALM as a database?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6370" CreationDate="2013-06-20T17:10:25.017" Score="5" ViewCount="5816" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've tried registering test accounts to test facebook likes on my site, but running tests repeatedly flags the accounts as spam. Facebook allows fake users for FB apps, but not external apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any workarounds? How do you do do selenium testing on facebook?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5494" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T19:44:32.153" Title="How to test facebook likes using webdriver without being flagged as a bot?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6292" CreationDate="2013-06-20T17:37:48.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to follow their terms of use, you don't.  If you're not following their terms of service then they can and will do anything within their means to stop what you're doing including flagging things as spam, disabling accounts, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your best bet (although still doubtful that they would agree) if you have a legitimate business case for doing it would be to contact facebook and let them know your intentions.  If you are liking your app or other pages with a test user, it makes sense for them to mark those as spam because someone could write some automation to bloat their likes or shares with fake ones and they don't want to allow that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-06-20T17:37:48.183" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2333" CreationDate="2013-06-20T20:01:20.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As long as you make sure the element you want to click is actually ready, then it will work reliably.  There are ways to find elements without throwing exceptions by using try-catch conditions inside of loops.  For example, this method I wrote (which can be simplified depending on what you use if for) will return a WebElement and it makes sure that it's clickable before returning it to you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * Example of using finally to &quot;ignore&quot; exceptions from Selenium&#xA; *  findElement() method.&#xA; */&#xA;public static WebElement getElementByLocator( final By locator ) {&#xA;  driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait( 15, TimeUnit.SECONDS );&#xA;  WebElement we = null;&#xA;  int tries = 0;&#xA;  while ( tries &amp;lt; 4 ) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      we = driver.findElement( locator );&#xA;      break;&#xA;    } catch ( StaleElementReferenceException e ) {                      &#xA;      LOGGER.info( &quot;Ignoring stale element exception.&quot;);&#xA;    } finally { // use finally block to totally ignore exception block&#xA;      tries += 1;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;  driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait( DEFAULT_IMPLICIT_WAIT, TimeUnit.SECONDS );&#xA;  return we;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: You can also improve this method by altering it to use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FluentWait&lt;/a&gt; class or the Wait class to ignore exceptions rather than handling them explicity (like you see above).  I recommend this, but if you prefer, you can do it organically like I show above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2013-09-09T23:34:42.940" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T23:34:42.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2013-06-20T20:30:03.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done it in the past by declaring my Selenium driver instance as a static member loaded by the entire test suite.  Then, pass that member as an argument to each test.  Then, I also created some methods to keep track of how many windows are open and make sure that the last window is never closed.    Then, after each test I close all windows except for the last one and redirect the last window to &quot;about:blank&quot;.   Then, as my tests run, it reuses the windows.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have since then, abandoned this method because I no longer need it, for the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using a static global webdriver object was bad programming practice.  My&#xA;driver was part of a Utility class extended by all tests and therefore&#xA;my test classes could not extend any other class.  You can get around this&#xA;my using Scala and/or JDK1.8 because they have the &quot;defender method&quot; &#xA;interface feature, but since I am using JDK1.7, I needed to do this &#xA;the right way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now I close the browser after each test but since I now use &quot;Selenium&#xA;Grid&quot; I dont need to worry about the performance impact of re-opening&#xA;browsers anymore because I can throw more hardware at the problem and&#xA;run multi-threaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/djangofan/WebDriverTestingTemplate/tree/master/google&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here is my example of how I do things now&lt;/a&gt; but keep in mind that there are now better ways of doing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2014-06-12T15:11:25.157" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T15:11:25.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6297" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-20T22:12:21.983" Score="1" ViewCount="1827" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner to UIAutomation. I wanted to know how do I tap one of the cells in a tableView thats inside an alert.&#xA;As per Apple's UI automation documentation an alert will by default tap the cancel button if you dont specifically handle the alert and return true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the below written code (found at Apple developer). But this is still tapping the cancel button. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// second alert box &quot;Nearby listings:&quot;&#xA;UIATarget.onAlert = function onAlert(alert) {&#xA;    var title = alert.name();&#xA;    UIALogger.logWarning(&quot;Alert with title ’&quot; + title + &quot;’     encountered!&quot;);&#xA;    if (title == &quot;Nearby listings:&quot;) {&#xA;        target.frontMostApp().alert().tableViews()[&quot;Empty list&quot;].cells()[2].tap(); //    tapping the second cell&#xA;        return true; // bypass default handler&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would highly appreciate any kind of help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5497" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T22:49:48.130" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:50:09.397" Title="How to select a cell in a tableView thats inside an alertView in UIAutomation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6297" CreationDate="2013-06-20T23:31:59.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may want to take a look at the index position of the cell you are trying to tap.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am guessing that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;target.frontMostApp().alert().tableViews()[&quot;Empty list&quot;].cells()[2].tap();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;[2]&lt;/code&gt; is likely the index position of that element in your collection. Take a look at the position of the cell in your collection and set the index accordingly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T22:50:09.397" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:50:09.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-06-21T13:13:31.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are the tiny little tools yet effective for testing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perl Clip - To generate characters by providing the length, etc.,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log watch &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All pairs - Used to generate datas for pairwise testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FreeMind - For creating mindmaps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this site for more detais&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Credits to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/index.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5470" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-27T16:30:10.447" LastActivityDate="2018-03-27T16:30:10.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-06-21T15:06:09.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's my current toolset for manual testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Browsers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For web apps, I can easily test on my main PC using the newest IE (currently IE10), Chrome, Firefox and Opera.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Virtual PC&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing web apps on older versions of IE, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.modern.ie/en-us/virtualization-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virtual PC instances&lt;/a&gt; downloaded from microsoft do the job better than anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Excel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For quickly making lists and grids of manual testcases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://notepad-plus-plus.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Notepad++&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For all kinds of text file manipulation; from drafting fault reports to examining XML outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Microsoft SQL Management Studio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For creating test data, and verifying data changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://getgreenshot.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Greenshot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For taking screenshots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getpaint.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Paint.NET&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For editing screenshots, highlighting and annotating relevant areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www3.telus.net/pfrank/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PFrank&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For bulk renaming files; for example numbering a motley selection of files so I can clearly attach them to a fault report and refer to them precisely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/vstudio/ff637362.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Team Foundation Server&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For fault tracking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cutepdf.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CutePDF&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For checking printouts without using paper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brianapps.net/sizer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sizer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For changing windows to different precise sizes, to check app rendering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pencil.evolus.vn/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pencil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For drafting application mockups. That one's mostly relevant when discussing design changes with dev/pm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://fiddler2.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing traffic to web sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-06-21T15:49:04.143" LastActivityDate="2013-06-21T15:49:04.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6301" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-21T18:43:34.577" Score="3" ViewCount="995" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am to carry out performance tests on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node.js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Node.js&lt;/a&gt; and .NET. This is an academic exercise. I have searched on Google for performance testing tools, and I came across such tools as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_LoadRunner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP LoadRunner&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_JMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best tool I can use to perform these tests (that is, load testing, stress testing, CPU usage, etc., for both Node.js and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ASP.NET&lt;/a&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I use the same tool for testing both platforms or a different tool for each platform?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5808" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2013-06-23T01:24:19.557" LastActivityDate="2013-06-23T01:24:19.557" Title="Performance testing tool suggestion for Node.js and ASP.NET" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6301" CreationDate="2013-06-21T19:04:20.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, ykel.  If you are focused on testing an HTTP server, the language/framework used to build the server doesn't particularly matter, so the same tool should work with both.  (Possible exception: some server frameworks make it easy to collect and server up performance metrics, e.g. queue lengths or some kind of counters, and some performance tools may make it easier/harder to get at those metrics.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly more relevant is whether you're trying to test (1) loading the same page over and over again or (2) serving up a variety of pages associated with one or more workflows.  There are lots of well-crafted tools for the former; see for example the tools listed on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linuxlinks.com/article/20121116094525476/WebServerPerformanceTools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;.  For the latter, you will end up writing scripts (or data files) to drive the workflows, and the available tools will differentiate themselves in terms of their scripting capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load Runner, JMeter, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Grinder&lt;/a&gt; can all deal with workflows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-06-21T19:04:20.903" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6304" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-24T16:35:10.150" Score="6" ViewCount="6531" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a minor debate going on in our QA team, and I'm curious what others think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two test cases fail with similar behavior, but different execution paths. Two defects are opened. Development team says the root cause of both defects is the same, thus one is a duplicate of the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The debate is whether duplicate defects are based off of application behavior or root cause. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5521" LastActivityDate="2013-06-30T18:57:16.197" Title="When is a defect a duplicate?" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6304" CreationDate="2013-06-24T17:05:09.333" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our organization, there's one defect (2nd one opened is a duplicate), but there are two test cases which fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T17:05:09.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6304" CreationDate="2013-06-24T17:22:32.820" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you are certain that the root cause is identical and fixing one will always fix the other, I would make it two defects. The developers can mark one as a duplicate later if that turns out to be the case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you don't want is to consider it a duplicate, the developers fix one thing, then the other error turns out to have a different cause or another component to it and the defect tracking is lost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T17:22:32.820" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6304" CreationDate="2013-06-24T17:25:14.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of arguing over the definition of the word &quot;defect&quot;, it may be more productive to decide what should happen when someone finds a different root cause for the same symptom.  There is no universal answer -- you need to figure that our to yourselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T17:25:14.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2013-06-24T19:55:54.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mind maps are great for test plan design.&#xA;But I don't see the point in tracking results in that mind maps.&#xA;You can easily convert a mind map tree to test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So start with a mind map, convert it to regular test cases and execute that test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5524" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T19:55:54.743" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6304" CreationDate="2013-06-24T20:24:08.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for the debate, I think the code defect is the root cause, which may result into one or more behavioral defects.  And I am fine having one ticket per defect, and the TCs cover the behavioral parts (as mentioned by Jean).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using a tool like JIRA to track the bugs, which allows you to link different tickets, an option may be to consider one ticket as the primary ticket and link the other one to it (and mark them related if you don't want to call them duplicate).  For a developer, if it's the same root cause, they can consider the other ticket as duplicate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-06-24T20:24:08.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6310" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6399" CreationDate="2013-06-24T21:41:18.727" Score="2" ViewCount="18122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a Selenium Webdriver test using python2.7 to use XPath to select a  link node set. For each link, I need to change the &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; attribute using &lt;code&gt;driver.execute_script&lt;/code&gt; to execute javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to build the XPath string to vary the index in a separate loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original statement which I need to build as a string and vary the index in a separate loop:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-py prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem2 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;(//a[contains(text(),'Comment')])[3]&quot;) &#xA;xp_str1 = str(&quot;\&quot;(//a[contains(text(),'Comment')])[&quot;)&#xA;xp_str2 = str(3)&#xA;xp_str3 = str(&quot;]\&quot;&quot;)&#xA;str_elem = xp_str1 + xp_str2 + xp_str3&#xA;&#xA;elem2 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(str_elem)   &#xA;driver.execute_script(&quot;arguments[0].href = 'social_media/comment/type/peer/id/9999';&quot;, elem2)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I consistently get the webdriver error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; InvalidSelectorException: Message: u'The given selector &quot; //a[contains(text(),\'Comment\')])[3]&quot; is either invalid or does not result in a WebElement. The following error occurred:\nInvalidSelectorError: Unable to locate an element with the xpath expression &quot;(//a[contains(text(),\'Comment\')])[3]&quot; because of the following error:\n[Exception... &quot;The expression cannot be converted to return the specified type.&quot;  code: &quot;0&quot; nsresult: &quot;0x805b0034 (TypeError)&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one give me ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5525" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T04:53:36.530" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T04:53:36.530" Title="How can I dynamically create an xpath string in Python for a webdriver xpath selector?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1562" CreationDate="2013-06-25T02:13:06.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to accomplish this by writing a custom &lt;code&gt;TestClassExtensionAttribute&lt;/code&gt; and then calling a custom &lt;code&gt;ITestMethodInvoker&lt;/code&gt; from the &lt;code&gt;TestExtensionExecution&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I answered a similar question on SO about this: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/14673329/573218&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/14673329/573218&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have posted the code on GitHub and am working on cleaning it up a bit:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/johnkoerner/MSTestLooper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/johnkoerner/MSTestLooper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4746" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T02:13:06.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6304" CreationDate="2013-06-25T04:21:13.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The definition of duplicate is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a copy exactly like an original. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;anything corresponding in all respects to something else. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cards.  a duplicate game. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Purely by definition a duplicate has to be an exact copy or anything corresponding in ALL respects to something else.  A true duplicate bug, a copy of another or one that corresponds in ALL respects to another, should be marked as a duplicate, related to the first and closed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if a you have multiple defects arrived at through different flows, or on different screens or in similar but different modules, no I would not consider those duplicates. Perhaps a single function or method within the code is being called to implement the same behavior in different locations, but the code driving to the reused function or method is not.  It may appear that the root cause is the same; however, a single fix to the reused function or method may not fix both bugs or may fix each to a different degree.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep both bugs open and track them until a fix is implemented.  If both are 100% fixed with a single change and it is proved with a code diff that only a single change was made, then yes mark the defects as duplicates and close them both.  However, if code driving to either had to be modified to complete the fix, then no they are not duplicate and should not be tracked as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is better to track both through to completion and ensure that both are really fixed than assume they are duplicates and possibly lose track of one.  It would be most unfortunate if the unfixed duplicate was then deployed to production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5529" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T04:21:13.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6291" CreationDate="2013-06-25T06:47:57.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the file is available on the network you might be able to set up an DSN to use with and ODBC connection that you can use with the ADO objects.  Here are a couple references that might help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft-csharp-tutorials.com/post/2013/02/20/Connect-to-Excel-using-ODBC-in-C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Connect to Excel using ODBC in C#&lt;/a&gt; - a basic example in c#&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2721825/EN-US&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Unable to create DSN for Microsoft Office System Driver on 64-bit versions of Windows&lt;/a&gt; - some details around working around the 32/64 bit differences ins ODBC drivers for office.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T06:47:57.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6304" CreationDate="2013-06-25T10:20:38.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is interesting. The main thing is to be checked in the above scenario is the &lt;strong&gt;execution path&lt;/strong&gt;. As the path is different, the problem may lies in the execution path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If testing is done for those execution paths then the defect can be easily found out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T10:20:38.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6283" CreationDate="2013-06-25T11:49:36.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try processing your  cut-down file in Excel which should make it a little easier to verify that your script comes up with the same figures. Not too good for large files from a 1 million line limit and speed wise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2013-06-25T11:49:36.783" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6310" CreationDate="2013-06-26T03:11:36.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem looks (from the error) like it may have something to do with the extra '(' in your selector.  Given you state the original statement works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem2 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;(//a[contains(text(),'Comment')])[3]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this is the bad one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The given selector &quot;(//a[contains(text(),\'Comment\')])[3]&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can clearly see the difference when lined up.  You appear to have an extra '(' at the start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xp_str1 = str(&quot;\&quot;//a[contains(text(),'Comment')])[&quot;)&#xA;xp_str2 = str(3)&#xA;xp_str3 = str(&quot;]\&quot;&quot;)&#xA;str_elem = xp_str1 + xp_str2 + xp_str3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;may fix that.  I just tried it quickly in an &lt;a href=&quot;http://mathcs.holycross.edu/~kwalsh/python/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online interpreter&lt;/a&gt;, and it appears to fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T22:48:51.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:48:51.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2013-06-26T04:54:21.257" Score="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a solution. Set Firefox's preferences to save automatically, and not have the downloads window popup.  Then you just grab the file, and it'll download.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile fxProfile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;&#xA;fxProfile.setPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.folderList&amp;quot;,2);&#xA;fxProfile.setPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&amp;quot;,false);&#xA;fxProfile.setPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.dir&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;c:\\mydownloads&amp;quot;);&#xA;fxProfile.setPreference(&amp;quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;text/csv&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(fxProfile);&#xA;driver.navigate().to(&amp;quot;http://www.foo.com/bah.csv&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and given you now have the download directory, never ask to save, and no download manager appearing, automation from this point should be straightforward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-24T03:14:42.587" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T03:14:42.587" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6318" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-26T08:05:18.917" Score="1" ViewCount="1119" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been struggling with this for a while.  We plan to move to a continuous integration server soon (probably TFS or Jenkins).  I'm having a hard time figuring out how to efficiently manage the webdriver to run all tests in selected number of browsers. Locally I use Resharper to run my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want is an effective way to run tests for all browsers, and sometimes locally one browser. I want efficient webdriver management for grid2.  What is the ideal life of a WebDriver? A test fixture class? Or entire testing session? When should I call Exit() or  Quit()?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I just commented/uncommented out the browser I wanted in a Static Factory method, having one instance per testing session, which makes it impossible to run all the tests on all browsers and compare side by side results and parallelize the running of tests (which theoretically TeamCity can do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried adding a &lt;code&gt;[TestFixture(Browser.XXXX)]&lt;/code&gt; enums to a top level &lt;code&gt;WebDriverTest&lt;/code&gt; superclass and then setting the web driver from a factory method in the test fixture setup.  The problem is, adding many of these disables the possibility of parameterizing the the &lt;code&gt;[TestFixture]&lt;/code&gt; attribute in subclasses. And I had some unexpected behavior (IEWebDriver completely not working) when I had multiple of these attributes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The OOP suggestion is a test configuration. I'm not sure how to programatically configure the unit test settings in NUnit.  Can this be done in C# (ideal) or does it need to be something attached to the Test Runner (not ideal, if i have multiple test runners).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas to help me better run a Selenium Testing suite in IE would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I also tried Gallio/MBUnit.  The tests ran in parallel but not stable.  And I can't find a test runner as nice as Resharper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastActivityDate="2013-07-26T19:44:06.647" Title="Effective web driver management in Selenium2 + Grid2 + NUnit tests in C# for multiple browsers" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6775" CreationDate="2013-06-26T09:38:11.943" Score="5" ViewCount="268" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team deploys code to production every week or so. We have a large set of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1944/what-would-be-a-good-term-for-continuous-testing-post-deployment&quot;&gt;post-deployment validations&lt;/a&gt;, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New log lines are appended to Tomcat log (&lt;code&gt;ssh&lt;/code&gt; to machine, &lt;code&gt;tail -f&lt;/code&gt; the log)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database table has more than 100 new rows in a minute (&lt;code&gt;ssh&lt;/code&gt; to machine, run some &lt;code&gt;sql&lt;/code&gt; commands)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A GET call with a given parameter returns the right value (browser or &lt;code&gt;wget&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests are done manually, and takes 2-4 agonizing hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we have a Jenkins CI system, I would like to automate these tests to small units which produce JUnit XMLS which can be analyzed by the Jenkins web UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there a test suite capable of easily &lt;code&gt;ssh&lt;/code&gt;-ing servers with JUnit output?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5538" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T13:57:45.027" Title="JUnit-friendly framework for production monitoring" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6318" CreationDate="2013-06-26T18:50:55.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One stable and fairly inexpensive option is to use a service like Sauce Labs &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com&lt;/a&gt; which allows you to run your tests on a grid that they maintain and has a bunch of browser versions and OS versions that you can target with your testing.  There are some other perks like there is a video of each test that ran that you can go and watch later, or stream as it is happening.  In this case with C# and Nunit you would do something similar to what you have already done with a parameterized test fixture and in the test setup you would set the browser - in the case of sauce labs you would use a remote driver with the correct DesiredCapabilities set.  There are pretty good examples on the sauce labs site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want to use something like Sauce Labs, you're still on the right track.  You should be able to have a base class with a parameterized test fixture.  You should also be able to paremeterize the child class's test fixtures, but with different parameters, not overriding the same ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm unclear exactly what is causing the issue with the IEWebdriver not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of keeping the webdriver instance open, I like to exit after every test case.  The reason is that the session will be the same and there may be tests where you want a clean session (not sharing from multiple tests).  You can do this pretty simply in your setup and cleanup methods, which can also be set in the base class.  Nunit will run the child class's setup/cleanup method first, then the base class's so you will still be able to have your own setup/cleanup for individual classes in addition to what you specify in the base class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-06-26T18:50:55.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6323" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-06-27T03:26:20.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium Grid allows you to run Selenium tests in parallel, cutting down the time required for running acceptance tests to a fraction of the total time it currently takes. Run them all on a single machine or on a server farm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2013-06-27T11:20:32.017" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T11:20:32.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6324" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-06-27T03:26:20.820" Score="0" Body="Selenium Grid allows you to run Selenium tests in parallel, either locally or on a server farm." OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2013-06-27T11:37:49.403" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T11:37:49.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5624" CreationDate="2013-06-27T14:55:35.023" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jing&lt;/strong&gt; (Screens capturing tools)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Small little tool that let's you record a short video of the screen. I personally use this when taking screenshots or attempting to explain an issue becomes difficult. The next best thing is to record the problem. It also saves the clip on the cloud so you don't have to worry about finding a location to host the video.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VirtualBox&lt;/strong&gt; (Virtual Machine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitely the most important tool that I use on a daily basis. Installed every single OS that we currently support and created several snapshots of the OS's in different states. Example, every OS has a snapshot when its first installed, so I can go back to a &quot;brand new OS&quot;. Each OS also has a snapshot of the different SP's in case we need to go back and check if something changed in between SP releases. This way, I can test something and then revert it back whenever needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Evernote&lt;/strong&gt; (Notes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another tool that I use on a daily basis. Keeps all my notes, none private customer information, to-do lists, etc.. Its really great as it syncs with all your devices. This way, I have access to my information on any device when I need it. Example, if I get an email asking about a particular issue that needs urgent attention, I can always take a look at my notes even if I am not in front of a machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5532" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T14:55:35.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6329" CreationDate="2013-06-27T17:19:46.197" Score="30" ViewCount="16361" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team is using Selenium WebDriver and the QA team is having the developers add IDs to almost everything. Is that normal or is Selenium flexible enough that tests can be written with the markup that is provided without having to go back and add IDs? For example, if you have a list of similar items you would usually just use the same class for each item and not put a unique ID on each item in the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5545" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T14:17:04.587" Title="Is adding IDs to everything standard practice when using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6326" CreationDate="2013-06-27T17:48:17.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium2/WebDriver can find elements with ID, Name, by CSS, by XPath, by Link Text, by partial Link Text, or by Tag Name.  You need to specify what element you want to interact with by identifying it with a findElementBy*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some elements I work with don't have IDs, so I use the XPath when interacting.  Caveat...XPath is the slowest identifier to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2013-06-27T17:48:17.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6326" CreationDate="2013-06-27T20:51:52.180" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not unusual.  IDs tend to aid greatly in creating more stable UI tests, since class name changes or other refactoring is less likely to break tests.  Also, dynamically populated lists tend to be high-maintenance in UI automation, and having predictable IDs can help with that.  Using XPath is not only slow, as squeemish pointed out (and slowness itself can break tests if there are any timeouts, which leads those tests being fragile), but XPath also tends to be more vulnerable to UI changes, again increasing test maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, your test engineers are probably finding that their test UI automation is fragile.  This is a change from developers that can dramatically reduce test maintenance costs and, in turn, reduce the turn-around time on testing new builds.  Fragility in UI tests is hard to manage, so other issues might also need to be resolved before you see the benefits of adding IDs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T00:11:57.907" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T00:11:57.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6326" CreationDate="2013-06-27T23:19:12.593" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only benefit I can see from having the developers manually inject unique id's into all significant web elements is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;That it will make Selenium tests that you write much more human readable&#xA;as opposed to using Css selectors.   &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using IDs, you create an environment very friendly to using recording and&#xA;playback ,such as with &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt; because Ids are what Builder&#xA;recordings &quot;go for&quot; by default.  Therefore, builder won't fallback to creating&#xA;whacky xpath or class name identifiers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes down to it, if you aren't looking for what I describe in the previous 2 items, then using css Selectors, etc. will work just fine for most people, especially if you use browser plugins, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/firepath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FirePath&lt;/a&gt;, to auto-create selectors for you when you need them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="22396" LastEditDate="2016-11-12T02:59:21.487" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T02:59:21.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3728" CreationDate="2013-06-27T23:31:57.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, it is not good coding practice (in terms of writing Selenium tests) to try to automate a browsers native file upload dialog.  People are doing it, and it is certainly possible, but it's much slower and inefficient and doesn't prove anything significant in an area that is already tested thoroughly by the publishers of the web browser you are automating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, for every file upload action in a web application, there should be a remote URL which that file upload control is posting to. Your developers should allow you, as a Selenium test writer, to access that URL directly and POST the file through a direct upload using Apache HttpUtils.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2013-06-28T11:53:11.200" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T11:53:11.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6326" CreationDate="2013-06-28T06:41:38.293" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've found that developers have a tendency to change IDs willy-nilly. We can control it happening in our team, but when we merge with other teams' code, stuff breaks, xpaths change , and css breaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now we've implemented our own css attribute - [data-automation] with its own ID. As long as this gets moved around with any elements, we can always find it and it's made our testing far more robust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What works for one, may not work for another person tho ..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T06:41:38.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3728" CreationDate="2013-06-28T09:46:36.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your file upload control is implemented in Flash; Webdriver doesn't have any in-built way of interacting with flash objects, so that's why your TypeKeys isn't working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are various add-ons which you could look into for automating the flash object, Sikuli for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T09:46:36.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6326" CreationDate="2013-06-28T10:11:45.420" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I try and use ID's as much as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't like using link text as this prevents you from running test in other languages, and link text can also be changed due to settings, e.g. different customers may have different terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ID's are less likely to change than the CSS, so I find that ID's on as many items as possible is all-ways best. This requires the developers to make sure that everything has ID's so you will need buy in from you whole team. (But it good practice for everything that can be to have ID's anyway.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some items however will not be ID-able, if there are many instances of that item on the page. For these I have found that the best solution is to have a custom tag and have HTML5 custom attributes that can be targeted by X-Path. This way they very unlikely to be affected if the page layout changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5216" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T10:11:45.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6209" CreationDate="2013-06-28T10:24:35.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a tool for that work much like sikuli when viewing image recognition. However, it does not require as much programming to use. The tool is called JAutomate and is not open source but costs a little, but the little I used it, I think it seems to meet your requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5548" LastActivityDate="2013-06-28T10:24:35.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6304" CreationDate="2013-06-30T07:46:54.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMO development team, instead of marking one of the bugs as duplicate, simply could:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open a bug in your issue tracking system for the actual code defect they found.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designate both bugs corresponding to failed tests as blocked by that code defect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then situation would naturally resolve itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2134" LastEditorUserId="2134" LastEditDate="2013-06-30T08:25:37.720" LastActivityDate="2013-06-30T08:25:37.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6304" CreationDate="2013-06-30T18:57:16.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;:  The way you and your team handles it depends on personal preferences and organizational influences.  In my experience, most of the time similar behavior (same functionality) different execution paths tend to be duplicates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Car Example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Scenario 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Case 1:  You get in and turn on the lights.  Result:  Nothing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Case 2:  You get in, insert the key, and turn to start the car.  Result:  Nothing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would &lt;strong&gt;log both issues&lt;/strong&gt; because, from a test case perspective, those two tests failed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Scenario 2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Case 3:  You get in from the driver's side and try to start the car.  Result:  Nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Case 4:  You get in from the passenger's side and try to start the car.  Result:  Nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, I would &lt;strong&gt;log one issue&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;details about each of the flows&lt;/strong&gt; that I tried.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mechanic (developer) realizes that the battery is dead and changes it.  One fix solves the &quot;issues&quot;.  The root problem was the same for all issues, but as a black box tester, you can't presume to know that the root cause is the same.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, you &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; use your judgement in whether or not the flow actually might be important or not.  TC 1 &amp;amp; 2 are testing two different pieces of functionality, whereas 3 &amp;amp; 4 are testing the same functionality but from different starting points.  Yes, there may be an edge case where the entry point to starting the car may matter -- but based on your knowledge of the application and past experiences, let your judgement be your guide.  To CYA, &lt;strong&gt;always include as many details&lt;/strong&gt; in the bug report as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Org Influences&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a side note, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/68/joe-strazzere&quot;&gt;Joe Strazzere&lt;/a&gt; mentioned in the comments: metrics also play a role.  Is QA performance measured by how many defects are logged?  Does having duplicates affect that performance?  Is Dev performance related to LOC, defects / KLOC, number of bug fixes, or just for meeting deadlines?  The answer to each of these questions will dictate how each of the agents act in any particular case.  In one organization where Devs are punished for the number of bugs in their code, they will do everything in their power to mark things as &quot;Duplicates&quot;, &quot;Invalid&quot;, or &quot;Could not Reproduce,&quot; whereas in another company where Dev &amp;amp; QA performance is measured by customer satisfaction, they will be more willing to fix the issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1402" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-06-30T18:57:16.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6342" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-01T10:58:09.567" Score="1" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone used the test management tool named “QA Complete” (Vendor-Smart bear)? It would be great if any of you can share your experience using QA complete. We are planning on migrating to this tool so any feedback would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5560" LastActivityDate="2013-07-01T10:58:09.567" Title="QA complete (Smart bear) experience" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-07-02T10:24:11.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3280" CreationDate="2013-07-01T14:55:25.337" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this code running always when I instance IE8 on my tests. Works fine for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#region SSL workaround for IE&#xA;if (driver.GetType() == typeof(InternetExplorerDriver) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; driver.Title.Contains(&quot;Certificate&quot;))&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click()&quot;);&#xA;#endregion&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5562" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T09:12:03.887" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T09:12:03.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1928" CreationDate="2013-07-01T14:59:05.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this code running always when I instance IE8 on my tests. Works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#region SSL workaround for IE&#xA;if (driver.GetType() == typeof(InternetExplorerDriver) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; driver.Title.Contains(&quot;Certificate&quot;))&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click()&quot;);&#xA;#endregion&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5562" LastEditorUserId="5562" LastEditDate="2013-07-01T15:06:09.257" LastActivityDate="2013-07-01T15:06:09.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3481" CreationDate="2013-07-01T15:10:01.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's another example much like the one from Ignacio, but in C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    //Displayed&#xA;    public static bool IsElementDisplayed(this IWebDriver driver, By element)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (driver.FindElements(element).Count &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (driver.FindElement(element).Displayed)&#xA;                return true;&#xA;            else&#xA;                return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Enabled&#xA;    public static bool IsElementEnabled(this IWebDriver driver, By element)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (driver.FindElements(element).Count &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (driver.FindElement(element).Enabled)&#xA;                return true;&#xA;            else&#xA;                return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5562" LastActivityDate="2013-07-01T15:10:01.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6346" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-01T15:24:32.930" Score="1" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a CakePHP application and our WebDriver tests run fine on mac. We have moved a copy of the app and the tests to a windows machine so tests can also be developed there. This is so we are able to use the mouse moving features of webdriver, and is not instead of using selenium grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole application sits behind a login screen, so getting past it is essential.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The CakePHP runs fine on windows when being used manually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver works well running on Windows with quick tests on other websites e.g. google.com, facebook.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When running on Windows, against the CakePHP application Chrome and Firefox open and are able to fill in the login form and submit. The login is successful (with the right information) but cakePHP is not able to create a new session. PHP error 'Session object destruction failed'. The CakePHP application then redirects back to the login page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, logging manually works fine without error, even if we use the browser instance created by the tests running.&#xA;Is this a combination of our application and WebDriver or one of them individually?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issues only occur when WebDriver is attempting to Login to the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone experienced anything like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5216" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T22:47:01.507" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:47:22.257" Title="WebDriver tests run on mac, but on windows the PHP session cannot be deleted, therefore cannot get past login screen" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6347" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-01T20:33:08.057" Score="1" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new at WebloadUI and although seems to be an amazing tool, I'm having problems simulating concurrent users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I record the test using the methodology explained in the SmartBear documentation, I verify the scenario to check every requests has its respective correct reply. Everything works just fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem comes when I try to add virtual users to the mix. I set the test for 10 concurrent virtual users, and then push start. The graphics show how the amount of virtual users ramps up to 10 (as expected) and then, that number lows to 7 or 6, then to 4 or 3, and stays there for the next 15 minutes or so. When the test finishes the result shows a lot of timeout responses, likely because the stuck threads. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course I have assumed that the server was overloaded, for that reason the timeouts. But that seems very unlikely since the test was recorded against a Wikipedia article and, as I said, I used 10 virtual users. I really don't believe Wikipedia cannot handle 10 virtual users against one page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could be happening? Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2258" LastEditorUserId="2258" LastEditDate="2013-07-01T21:02:40.997" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T12:02:25.757" Title="SmartBear WeloadUI doesn't stop" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6347" CreationDate="2013-07-01T21:28:37.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem might be with SmartBear, or with Wikipedia, or with your network connection.  You did not say how frequent those virtual users were hitting that page.  It is unlikely that Wikipedia is incapable of handling more than ten concurrent sessions against that same page.  However, if you are hitting the page fast enough, it is conceivable that Wikipedia is treating those hits as a network attack, and is intentionally throttling its responses to you.  Here is one way to find out: while the test is running and slowing down, open a browser on the same machine (or at least on the same IP address) and go to that page.  If your browser is slow, SmartBear is not the problem.  If the browser loads the page quickly, SmartBear is probably at fault.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-07-02T04:11:40.620" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T04:11:40.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-02T01:17:44.537" Score="2" ViewCount="1277" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to work with the Selenium IDE on Firefox. I was wondering does anyone know a way to get an element's/widget's coordinates directly from the IDE? Is there an add-on or some option that already exists? At the moment it is not providing me with enough information for each thing I click on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5564" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-08-04T04:26:27.587" LastActivityDate="2013-08-04T04:26:27.587" Title="Getting Coordinates from Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6347" CreationDate="2013-07-02T12:02:25.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to @user246's excellent suggestions - I'd suggest trying against a test site running on your system or in your local network, preferably one you have full control over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Wikipedia, there are too many other variables to deal with: the performance of the Internet at large, how Wikipedia's servers handle a bunch of requests coming from the same machine (they probably assume a splat of requests from the same IP address is a denial of service attack), the performance of your local network gateway and so forth. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can eliminate some of those unknowns, you'll probably have more success with your testing (caveat here: if you're doing this with your employer's network, keep close tabs on what's happening. I know someone who brought down the company LAN when he ran a load test against  the company's web store application. Of course, he was running it with 300 virtual users...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T12:02:25.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6352" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6353" CreationDate="2013-07-02T13:39:44.777" Score="2" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on automated UI tests in Microsoft's Coded UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I noticed that my tests are only succeeding occasionally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I ran the same test 4 times. It succeeded once, and failed the other 3 times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that my question's a bit open-ended, but what does the haphazardness of my tests indicate? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5565" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T14:53:16.520" Title="UI Tests Not Always Working" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2013-07-02T19:42:29.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6352" CreationDate="2013-07-02T14:53:16.520" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The symptoms sound indicative of what we would classify as an unreliable test; meaning the test does not produce the same result when executed against the same exact product code. UI automated tests are notorious for being unreliable for a variety of reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming no change in the code being tested and no variability in the test (especially with UI automation) I would first suspect synchronization / race conditions between your test code and the product behavior at runtime (e.g. your code is expecting the machine to be in a particular state and the app response is slower than expected). It is also possible that your test is waiting on a particular state, or response from the system/service and the test times out before the system is ready/responds. These are perhaps the most common issues with unreliable automated tests, but certainly not the only ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, an unreliable test could also point to an issue in the product (performance, inconsistent behavior, etc). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my team when we come across unreliable tests we open a bug against the test and debug the test to identify the cause of the issue and address it appropriately. On a few rare occasions we changed the bug from test code defect to product code defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-07-02T14:53:16.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6230" CreationDate="2013-07-03T16:53:11.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does look like BITE isn't being actively developed, unfortunately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're working in a Microsoft environment, Microsoft Test Manager offers the features you're looking for - but it's tied to an environment with MS Team Foundation Server, where TFS is used as the bug tracking system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not aware of anything else that offers this level of support for manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-03T16:53:11.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5663" CreationDate="2013-07-04T12:56:37.083" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;body&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Keys.ESCAPE&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;return window.stop&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5572" LastActivityDate="2013-07-04T12:56:37.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6262" CreationDate="2013-07-05T02:14:46.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestComplete&lt;/a&gt;, I used it in the past to successfully automate testing of a POS system (running on Windows) as well as develop some web automation tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the things that is great about it if you are a developer is that you can approach your testing completely from a coded perspective which is I found top be very powerful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like Joe said, it is very hard to give any concrete information based on what you say, too much is unknown. I would urge you to try and get more resources in order to get an experienced automator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3023" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T02:14:46.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6357" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-05T06:04:52.887" Score="3" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;I test an application that accepts several csv files from an external system. My application loads those files in a database applies business logic to the received raw data and futher processes it. The external system test environment is often down and that hurts my testing window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can LISA help me in virtualizing this scenario where I can mock files (I know the file formats, data definitions). Also, does it offer a switch to jump between real and mocked feeds?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5577" LastEditorUserId="5577" LastEditDate="2013-07-05T06:54:40.140" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T06:54:40.140" Title="iTKO/CA LISA and file feeds" Tags="&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-12-01T23:15:29.327" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-05T06:35:44.210" Score="4" ViewCount="1360" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since Selenium has problem accessing a standalone window, I have to use RFT just to handle this window.  I made a jar file from the RFT script and added it to Selenium library.  But it seems Selenium doesn't recognize the class in the jar file added.  I don't know if I've done anything wrong or it is just a problem of running RFT in Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5579" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T11:07:47.567" Title="Is it possible to run RFT script in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6359" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8950" CreationDate="2013-07-05T07:47:45.957" Score="8" ViewCount="2657" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm adding Python 3.x support to my open-source project and want to add both Py32 and Py33 test environments to my tox.ini. I already have Py26 and Py27 tox environments that work fine and I just installed Python 3.3 from homebrew and got the Py33 tox environment working nicely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem seems to be that homebrew doesn't have an obvious way to install both 3.3 and 3.2 and a somewhat extended Googling did not yield an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best way to do this that won't lead me into trouble further down the road? I'm happy to build from source if that's the best solution, have done that before with good success but don't want to break out the axe if a pocket knife will get the job done :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm running OS X 10.8.4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5580" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T15:13:37.497" Title="How install both Python32 and Python33 on OS X for testing with tox?" Tags="&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-05T09:29:39.677" Score="1" ViewCount="4536" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium Webdriver, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want switch between parent and child windows, but I'm not able to get the script to focus on child window. It is not working. Anybody having suggestions to find the solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5578" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-07-28T04:59:10.887" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T04:59:10.887" Title="How to handle child window in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6326" CreationDate="2013-07-05T12:18:32.120" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;+1 to support &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/6329/1201&quot;&gt;an answer by Ethel Evans&lt;/a&gt;. It is reliability of UI automation in the long term that unique IDs can help with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One other point to add is that sometimes you may have semantic CSS classes with elements instead of IDs. For example, on this site, question element is enclosed into&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;question&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while all the answers are within&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;answer&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relying on semantic CSS class names may be a smart option as well if IDs are not available&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T12:18:32.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6360" CreationDate="2013-07-05T13:03:17.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#moving-between-windows-and-frames&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; is docs from seleniumhq explaining exactly what you want, if I'm correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5385" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T13:03:17.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6363" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6365" CreationDate="2013-07-05T14:50:49.420" Score="7" ViewCount="1281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in charge of regression automation on my team, and I need to add some new tests into our regression.  Before I get started, though, there's an issue I'm struggling with: where is the line between focusing on automating user workflow through a system, and focusing on only ensuring that the controls are working as they should be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: imagine a system can set up new users, and later edit their information.  On the screen that accesses users, there's a list of recently added users at the top, and there's a search function at the bottom.  The workflow of a client using our system would be to create a user, then access this screen to edit the user's information immediately afterward.  I could write my automation that way, but I would like to write short tests that only test one thing each.  I'm trying to stay away from behemoth tests that take a long time to run and test many things, and when one fails you need to wade through many many checkpoints to see exactly which one failed - this is inefficient.  A test that follows this workflow would have to either test two things (creating the user, then editing the user's information), which would make it one of those behemoth tests I'm trying to stay away from, or I would have to write two tests that have a dependency between them (Test1 creates the user, Test2 depends on the user being on that screen to click).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me the better solution is to write a test that focuses on creating a user and write a separate test that uses the search function I mentioned to look for an existing user (we always start our tests with a pre-set database of users) to edit their information.  The problem is that this tests purely the controls, not the workflow.  I could always throw in a third test that tests the functionality of the recent users screen, so that's covered by the automation too.  It seems to me that manual testers should focus more on workflow, whereas my automation should focus more on purely how the controls work.  Is my reasoning correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5581" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T09:20:31.873" Title="Automated testing: focusing on testing controls vs. workflow" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6363" CreationDate="2013-07-05T15:45:30.000" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Ana.  I see at least two questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does it make sense to distinguish between focused tests and workflow tests?&lt;/strong&gt;  Yes, it does.  A focused test concentrates on a particular feature, including things like edge conditions.  It attempts to answer the question, &quot;Does this feature work in all circumstances?&quot;  A workflow test verifies that the system as a whole is usable for its intended purpose.  Both kinds of tests are necessary, but it is a better use of time to execute them separately.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Should focused tests tend to be automated, and workflow tests executed manually?&lt;/strong&gt;  That depends on your circumstances.  Here are some question that might help you decide what to automate.  Which tests tend to be error-prone?  Which tests do you want to run after every build?  Which tests would developers run before every check-in if they were fast enough?  Which tests are easy to automate and maintain?  (The maintenance part is admittedly hard to predict.)  Which tests would you use for smoke-testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T15:45:30.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6363" CreationDate="2013-07-05T16:48:41.463" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Essentially, this is a common dilemma in designing an automated test. IMHO, the design of a test is heavily dependent on it's intended purpose in the development lifecycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You stated that these are regression tests...implying that the current functionality is working correctly and the primary purpose of the test is to expose bugs caused by changes in the product code. Essentially, IMHO regression tests are a superset of unit tests, but are broader in scope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my team we design our &quot;regression tests&quot; with a broad scope to cover as much of an end-to-end workflow as possible. We run regression tests on every new build. This means the tests are more complicated and there could be several points of failure which is why ensuring the machine is in the appropriate state during test execution and verbose logging is critical. Also, time is a factor, but our none of our tests take more than 1 minute to complete, and most e-2-e scenario tests execute in a few seconds. (To be transparent...my team tests a set of APIs that transports and parses data between different clients and different services so our end-to-end workflows are essentially without a UI and mocking (or sometimes using real) web services.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also design a separate set of functional tests (not regression tests) that focus on the functionality/capabilities of individual APIs or components. These tests are intended to hit edge cases, error conditions, use malformed data, use variable data, or inject systemic anomalies to expose weaknesses in the system. Our functional tests tend to be more discrete or smaller in scope because we are tying to find previously undiscovered bugs, and test the robustness of that particular component is a variety of conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-07-05T16:48:41.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6292" CreationDate="2013-07-06T06:44:54.527" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that you are trying to test Facebook API along with your site. Think of it this way: your site has to load &quot;like&quot; button and make sure that HTTP request is sent once a user clicks on it. That's the responsibility of your site. Facebook part is to process this HTTP request and generate updates to a news feed or whatever. Now, imagine that your test finds a button, clicks on it, request is sent, but news feed is not updated. Is the problem with your site here? Or with Facebook? Is the purpose of a test to find problems in Facebook API and notify their customer support team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you, I would concentrate on responsibilities of your site. A question comes up, &quot;How would one make sure that HTTP request is being sent without actually sending it, so that your test account is not blocked?&quot; Well, one option you have is to use HTTP proxy from your test and set it up to intercept requests to Facebook. Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://fiddler2.com/fiddlercore&quot;&gt;http://fiddler2.com/fiddlercore&lt;/a&gt;, it should be possible to achieve with this library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2013-07-06T06:44:54.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6371" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-06T09:33:14.437" Score="1" ViewCount="222" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen people commenting that Python is a very handy language in everyday's testing. I wonder what makes it such a good tool, or what testing tasks are easier to achieve with Python than with other scripting languages (e.g. Powershell) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T11:01:26.813" Title="What makes Python a good tool in daily testing?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6371" CreationDate="2013-07-06T15:33:39.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suspect Powershell's design center is tight integration with Windows services.  Python is probably less tightly integrated with Windows, but may have a more substantial set of libraries, e.g. NumPy and SciPy for manipulating numeric data.  An indication of its popularity is that a lot of college programming classes taught with Python now; I don't know how many college classes do their assignments in Powershell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether Python is very handy for your own testing depends on what you do.  If you only work with Windows, and your software testing is mostly centered on the client, Powershell might be all you need.  If you also need to test on non-Windows platforms, Python may be helpful for you.  Ultimately, I think it will boil down to the available libraries and platform support rather than the language itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-07-06T15:33:39.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6373" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-06-24T12:14:40.163" Score="6" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stevemcconnell.com/ieeesoftware/bp09.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Defect Seeding&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; seems to be one of the few ways a development organization can tell how thorough an independent testing group is.  I'm a fan of using metrics to help counter overconfidence biases, and drive discussions around facts.  With that said, I haven't seen Seeding Defects used in practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there best practices above and beyond what &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stevemcconnell.com/ieeesoftware/bp09.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;McConnell&lt;/a&gt; explained?  Are there public examples where this has been done?  In the absence of the above, any thoughts on why it hasn't been done more?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="MathAttack" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-06-14T00:30:51.980" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T00:30:51.980" Title="Examples and Best Practices for Seeding Defects?" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6373" CreationDate="2013-06-30T22:34:17.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I, too, have never seen this in practice.  In my experience, QA departments are always short of resources and/or time.  So taking extra time to validate the tests instead of the software they are meant to test would never gain traction, in my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have seen is QA groups know the coverage of their tests.  Where the coverage is thin, they build them up.  Typically, this starts with manual tests, where the test scripts are documented in Word documents (for example).  If the script doesn't match the software, then either the software is at fault (a bug) or the script is updated (assuming the feature has been modified).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where tests can be automated, then this is done (although not by all QA departments I've seen).  Having the automated tests allows them to test more faster.  the tests do require maintenance, but it's time worth spending (in my opinion).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="EdH" LastActivityDate="2013-06-30T22:34:17.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6373" CreationDate="2013-07-01T17:17:50.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To create a good test, the defects must be truly random, and randomly distributed. If we simply make random changes to source code, most of those changes would result in code that does not compile, and if it compiles, a percentage of those defects are trivial to find, especially if the software contains a lot of pre-condition and post-condition checks. So you need good tools such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.st.cs.uni-saarland.de/mutation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Javalanche&quot;&gt;Javalanche&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mutation-testing.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;NinjaTurtles&quot;&gt;NinjaTurtles&lt;/a&gt;. At the Javalanche site, you will find studies using mutation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Frank Hileman" LastActivityDate="2013-07-01T17:17:50.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-08T12:57:50.900" Score="4" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine a situation in performance regression testing where commit A is very deleterious to page performance, but does not trigger a failure - it's just under the level required to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Commit B only degrades page performance a very small amount, but added on top of commit A, triggers a failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this situation commit A is the one that requires attention, not commit B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some techniques to deal with this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(As an example - you are testing page load times and have a 3 second limit. Your baseline was a page load of 1 second. Commit A pushes it up to 2.9 seconds. Commit B pushes it up to 3.1 seconds)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5593" LastEditorUserId="5593" LastEditDate="2013-07-09T14:57:45.697" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T23:05:16.510" Title="Making sense of performance regressions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6376" CreationDate="2013-07-08T17:22:28.343" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not exactly clear what question you are asking, but let me take a stab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would deal with it by creating a bug report. In it, I would mention what you are seeing in Commit A, and Commit B. I'd mention that the combination of the two pushes performance past the prescribed limits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a QA point of view, it's not important at all in which Commit the &quot;blame&quot; lies - only the fact that you now have a failure according to your current definitions. Let the developers debug both Commits and draw the proper conclusions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-07-08T17:22:28.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6248" CreationDate="2013-07-08T17:50:10.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually LoadRunner captures time all the way to the GUI quite well, it is called the GUI Virtual User.   It has been in place since LoadRunner version 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GUI Time - Protocol layer time = Time in Client which includes client processing and rendering time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastEditorUserId="1054" LastEditDate="2013-07-08T18:22:22.643" LastActivityDate="2013-07-08T18:22:22.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6248" CreationDate="2013-07-08T20:06:37.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just marketing a tool that R&amp;amp;D of my company (SendGrid) has developed for load testing, that you can give a try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://loader.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;loader.io&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-07-08T20:06:37.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6376" CreationDate="2013-07-08T21:20:16.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're tackling a similar problem. Like Joe said, there's a certain point at which it's the developer's responsibility to troubleshoot it. That said, it's good to be able to test the concurrency performance of those sorts of things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we're trying is have tests that make the same call many times (perhaps tens or hundreds of times depending on the test case) and track page load times and point out major spikes or overall trends as failures as well as compare it to expected or acceptable times. I don't think any developer can accuse you of not doing enough testing there and it should be fairly easy to reuse that code for other commits you want to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another tactic we're implementing in the same function is to vary to the content of the commits by type of data and size so we can also call out if variations in data show spikes or dangerous trends in load time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-07-08T21:20:16.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6376" CreationDate="2013-07-08T21:24:19.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume your actual question is, &quot;How do I narrow down which commits are responsible for a performance problem?&quot;  If you measure the performance after each commit, you can plot performance as a function of commits.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If performance is typically &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; a problem, you might choose to measure performance on a less frequent basis.  When you observe a problem, you can use binary search (or something more sophisticated if you have the resources to run multiple test environments simultaneously) to determine where in the commit chronology the performance problem began and where it became a failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-07-09T12:19:11.953" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T12:19:11.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5833" CreationDate="2013-07-09T09:49:35.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was facing a similar issue, and found a solution in this article: &lt;a href=&quot;http://swdandruby.wordpress.com/2013/05/11/headless-gem-causes-errnoeconnrefused/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://swdandruby.wordpress.com/2013/05/11/headless-gem-causes-errnoeconnrefused/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to specify a &lt;strong&gt;different&lt;/strong&gt; display number for each browser headless instances you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want to run at the same time chrome and firefox in separate headless mode, you can do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browsers = {}&#xA;&#xA;[:chrome, :firefox].each do |browser|&#xA;  Headless.new(display: rand(99)).start&#xA;  browsers[browser] = Selenium::WebDriver.for browser&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;browsers[:chrome].navigate.to &quot;http://google.com&quot;&#xA;browsers[:firefox].navigate.to &quot;http://mozilla.org&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will spawn two separate headless process.&#xA;Note that you shouldn't rely on random things and better find some kind of unique ids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5598" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T09:49:35.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6385" CreationDate="2013-07-09T10:54:55.010" Score="2" ViewCount="859" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find quite an interesting panoply of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_operating_systems&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;open source operating systems&lt;/a&gt; to choose from.  Being open source you can have access to a lot of their code, build systems, bug tracking, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of this time I didn't came across a document that plans or shows the design of stability testing for an OS.  It would be useful for me to know about: what test suite they use, what benchmarks, what stress tests, do they have some stability test plans released to the public, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used here &lt;strong&gt;stability testing&lt;/strong&gt; as an umbrella term for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reliability testing / endurance Testing (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_time_between_failures&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MTBF&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_time_between_failures#MTTF_and_MTTFd_calculation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MTTF&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;stress testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;load testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recovery_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;recovery testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff548288%28v=vs.85%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;low resources simulation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or any other testing that would qualify in &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb924357.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Testing&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&#xA;category.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone provide some guidelines on how open source OS stability testing&#xA;is done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2904" LastEditorUserId="2459" LastEditDate="2013-07-09T22:41:06.937" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T23:43:23.860" Title="Stability testing for open source operating systems" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2177" CreationDate="2013-07-09T13:14:27.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To avoid the strange undefined variable behavoirs, set the &lt;code&gt;strictVariables&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;strictParameters&lt;/code&gt; globals to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;. This will stop a lot of undefined variable stuff by throwing an exception in most cases; making it a lot easier to deal with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5602" LastEditorUserId="421" LastEditDate="2013-12-28T17:45:22.377" LastActivityDate="2013-12-28T17:45:22.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6383" CreationDate="2013-07-09T23:16:01.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Short version&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not necessarily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Long version&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The idea&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First thing to realize is what open-source means for software:  the basic idea is that the &lt;em&gt;source code&lt;/em&gt; is available.  In more specific terms, someone has decided (for a new project or a running one) to share the code, i.e. every technical detail with the whole world.  Furthermore, since there's technically nothing that can stop people from compiling and/or fully using such code it typically also means that the software is free (as in free beer) to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's about the idea of open source.  It has nothing to do with planning or organization of human resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The community&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in practice, and &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; the project is successful and interesting enough, the above will also mean that there will be people who will actually (try to) use it, and there will be people that will look at that code, study it, analyse it, play with it and talk about it, and eventually send bugfixes back to the author.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From this list of activities, at least three involve, or are a form of what is known as &lt;em&gt;software testing&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So vaguely said, the quality in FOSS comes from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lot of discussion before design and coding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;perpetual code peer review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;feedback from people trying to play with the the SW&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;feedback from people trying to use the SW in real situations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;feedback from people trying to help develop the SW (maybe just fix their&#xA;use case)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sometimes even feedback from professionals paid by companies that have&#xA;their business built on FOSS technologies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no deadline tyranny&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and also quality of the original code base and architecture&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;much more than creation and execution of testing plans (perfectly ballanced to match the needs of the focus group).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The strategy&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other thing to consider is, that each planning must start with a strategy.  For commercial products, strategy is money and money is strategy:  Who will run it?  How will they run it?  How much will get back at us?  How much support requests we'll be able to handle?  How many different hardware platforms even exist?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The strategy part is really a tough call since it usually happens before anything else, and the decisions taken here will influence almost every aspect of the whole project, and are extremely expensive to change.  Therefore great amount of information needs to be gathered, which costs additional resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No need to say that any reasonable test planning needs to copy the strategy.  (You're not going to test the brand new .NET-based accounting software with Powershell-powered installation routines on Win 2000, are you?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since most open source starts either as &quot;scratching someone's own itch&quot;, without much focus on how much other people have it, it's virtually impossible to take this step, but it's also much less important, since more users can't scratch itch any better than the developer can themselves.  If the scratcher is not sharp enough, they can help sharpening (send a patch).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just in case you got that feeling: I'm not trying to say that there &lt;em&gt;cannot&lt;/em&gt; be a highly organized group of professionals proceeding with a rigorous and well-thought testing plan on an open source.  It definitely can and many such teams definitely do exist (I think Red Hat might have group like that for Fedora).  But just because they are open-sourcing the code, it does not mean that they are willing to open-source their know-how.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day, what counts most are bug reports, test cases and &lt;em&gt;patches&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Operating systems are no exception here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2459" LastEditorUserId="2459" LastEditDate="2013-07-09T23:43:23.860" LastActivityDate="2013-07-09T23:43:23.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-10T01:21:51.053" Score="4" ViewCount="2145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to run automated tests for a game that I am developing with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unity3d.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Unity&lt;/a&gt;. It runs on iOS and Android devices. As a first step we would like to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Launch the game on device type X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the game loaded on the device within some timeout without crashing:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pass the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Otherwise&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fail the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to run those tests on all device types and generate reports based on the test results. E.g. the devices could open a URL and send the results in the request body.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there a way to automate such a test for a Unity application running on actual devices?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would prefer using an existing tool for that. If this does not exist yet, I assume I have to create some wrapper around my app and catch crash signals in order to report test failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5606" LastEditorUserId="5606" LastEditDate="2013-07-11T18:58:56.660" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T07:42:20.927" Title="Running automated tests for Unity apps on iOS/Android devices?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6387" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6391" CreationDate="2013-07-10T10:53:06.630" Score="3" ViewCount="5808" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of some C# WebDriver code I'm using to model a registration page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class RegistrationPage : BasePage&#xA;{&#xA;    private IWebDriver driver;&#xA;    private String URL = &quot;http://mydomain.com/registration.aspx&quot;;&#xA;    // private String pageTitle = &quot;Registration&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public RegistrationPage(IWebDriver driver) : base(driver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;&#xA;        /*&#xA;        // if we are not on the Registration page&#xA;        if (!(driver.Title.ToString().Equals(pageTitle)))&#xA;        {&#xA;            throw new Exception(); // Need a more relevant exception&#xA;        }*/&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    override public String URLproperty&#xA;    {&#xA;        get { return URL; }&#xA;        set { URL = value; }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;// CODE OMITTED ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a method from my BasePage, which RegistrationPage uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    // Open the URL specified in the implementation of the class&#xA;    public virtual void Open()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(this.URLproperty);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally here is an example of my test code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;    public void SubmitRegistrationWithBlankUserDetails()&#xA;    {&#xA;        RegistrationPage regPage = new RegistrationPage(driver);&#xA;        regPage.Open();&#xA;        regPage.ClickRegisterButton();&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(regPage.SearchForText(&quot;You must enter a first name&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue I'm having is implementing the title &quot;sanity check&quot; in the constructor (currently commented out) for RegistrationPage. I've seen this used on the WebDriver wiki (here, code in Java I think: &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;), but I'm unsure how to go about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see two possible scenarios when running my tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My test's [SetUp] points the driver to mydomain.com. A link clicked by WebDriver (for example a link to my Registration page, above) passes the driver to the constructor of whatever page I am visiting. Job done, title sanity check can work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let's say instead of clicking links to get to a certain page I want to start my test at the Registration page. I don't have a neat way of visiting that page without navgiating from the domain specified in [Setup]. My [SetUp] doesn't help (unless I navigate manually to the page) and creating a new PageObject of the Registration page doesn't take me anywhere unless I call the Open() method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I simply create a new test plan for the second scenario, one where [Setup] points me to mydomain.com/registration.aspx? Am I misunderstanding something fundamental here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5569" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T14:30:46.857" Title="Using Selenium's PageObject pattern and an Open() method" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6388" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-10T13:32:10.427" Score="-2" ViewCount="2062" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do have a query related to automated software testing.We all know that these days many new test automation tools are being launched. Does this tool still require any coding or scripting knowledge to operate these tools? Or even a novice user can give same accuracy as the experienced one with such automation tools? The question is can we completely rely on any tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5540" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-07-10T14:38:02.163" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T12:45:23.700" Title="Is it necessary to have strong coding skills to perform software testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6388" CreationDate="2013-07-10T13:44:03.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are tools that can be used without any scripting or coding knowledge, but not so efficient as with even little and not fully relevant scripting or coding knowlege.&#xA;Many tools work with script languages (like Python, Ruby, etc) and you don't need much time to learn basics of any of these languages.&#xA;Some time ago I started test automation with a very little Python knowledge (about two weeks of learning). Not that it was easy, but after several tests done, it became easier and easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5608" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T13:44:03.573" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6376" CreationDate="2013-07-10T13:54:15.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are facing the problem like you made few changes in commit B and this makes an adverse effect on commit A. One of the tactic you can follow is performing regression testing with some kind of automated testing tools. Most of the tool do provide scheduled regression testing. Mind that regression testing is not at all re-testing.It continuously checks any adverse effect on the already working modules due to inclusion of new codes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5540" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T13:54:15.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6387" CreationDate="2013-07-10T14:30:46.857" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that you should be defining the URL to the page inside the pageObject.&#xA;The methods in your page object should actions/ journeys that your pageObjects can take.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example a login pageObject may have 3 methods in it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Login(String username, String password) {&#xA;// fill in login form&#xA;// Submit login form&#xA;return new landingPage(driver);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;LoginUnsuccessfully(String username, String password) {&#xA;// fill in login form&#xA;// submit login form&#xA;return new loginPage(driver, lookForLoginFailMessage);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;ForgotPassword() {&#xA;// click forgot password&#xA;return new ForgotPasswordPage();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the start of your page your test should use the &lt;code&gt;driver.get();&lt;/code&gt; (or C# eqivalent) method to navigate to the correct URL, then use the methods in your pageObjects to navigate around your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestLogin() {&#xA;driver.get(app.com/login);&#xA;Login page login = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;LandingPage landingPage = login.login(&quot;joebloggs&quot;, &quot;password1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'basePage' class that you have should contain 'journeys' that are common to many pages like a navigation menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A different 'journey' through the app should be written in another test. But will be able to use the same page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page Object organisation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PageObjects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one for each page in the website / application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contain all the logic about interacting the page &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how to fill in a form etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All the public methods should be a function that the page can perform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should only call methods on the page object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each test is a journey through a part of the app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This structure allows for logic of the what you are testing to be separate from the WebDriver interactions  with the page&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5216" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T14:30:46.857" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6388" CreationDate="2013-07-10T14:46:48.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it is not necessary to have strong programming skills to perform software testing.  There is still a need for manual testing.  There are also industry-specific testing tools that do not rely on programming.  For example, there is a commercial package for testing whether your set-top box handles network protocols correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, the overlap between testing and development continues to grow.  Developers are expected to assume more of the &quot;obvious&quot; kinds of testing, and the good test jobs -- the ones that pay well and have the most potential for growth -- involve non-trivial amounts of programming.  For those jobs, there are no tools that take care of the programming for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T14:46:48.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6393" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-10T14:49:41.293" Score="2" ViewCount="2602" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I execute a test calling google chrome (*googlechrome), Selenium Wedriver opens a browser and starts to launch the test cases but it doesn't load anything. I had the same problem with Firefox and IE but I solved it opening the proxy's/adding user sessions. I don't know if it's the same problem for Chrome or what's happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work with Selenium grid 2, Jenkins and a Java interface. Paths for chrome.exe and chromedriver.exe are added in my environment (instances of *googlechrome appear in my grid2), in fact as I said Selenium Webdriver opens the browser but doesn't load, I have searched for a solution during days on the Internet but nothing...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone can help me? I have chromedriver and the references to it in my environment path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5609" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-10T20:20:13.507" LastActivityDate="2013-09-10T20:20:44.930" Title="Selenium 2 opens Google Chrome but doesn't load webpages" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6388" CreationDate="2013-07-10T17:08:51.600" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It isn't necessary to have strong - or any - coding skill to perform software testing or to be a highly skilled tester. No tool will ever replace the ability of a skilled manual tester to observe something that is not quite right in some way and trace the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to automation, things get interesting. There are numerous tools that claim to eliminate the need for coding, but these do not (in my opinion) scale terribly well and they don't handle complex systems at all well (again, my opinion only). All of them have limits in what they can do and their ability to pass information from one test to another, as well as limits to their ability to recognize parts of the application under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tools that do not claim to eliminate coding require strong coding skills to build robust automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, coding skills are not needed to test, but they are needed to build good, robust automated regression and to build other automated test utilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-10T17:08:51.600" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6400" CreationDate="2013-07-11T04:59:22.723" Score="1" ViewCount="607" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have integration type tests (not unit tests) which require different environments/configurations. In order to run them I have to create test settings files for each environment and sync the test settings with agent Attributes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I desire is a way to have run my tests in each environment concurrently with a single Test Settings file. Is there a way to do this with MSTest? I am working with VS2010/MSTest and Test Manager (I do not have Lab Management).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2857" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T12:05:31.230" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T12:05:31.230" Title="How can I run a set of tests on multiple machines concurrently using MSTest?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6397" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-11T07:08:32.847" Score="2" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium automation. I have some queries to be clarified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have recorded and done the play back. Issue is as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I use the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;clickAndWait&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; command in Selenium IDE, it shows an error and continues for further execution, and the test case gets passed. Why does this sort of thing happen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing is, could I get fruitful Java code, if I export this kind of test case (having errors) using Java/Junit4/Web Driver from Selenium IDE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5613" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-07-11T11:35:05.607" LastActivityDate="2013-08-03T19:28:31.083" Title="Regarding selenium commands" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2013-08-06T11:02:44.303" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6363" CreationDate="2013-07-11T07:31:25.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a similar dilemma which I am currently going through.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have decided to predominantly create my test cases following a similar flow to the user story. This means they're several dependencies that have to be assumed before I get to the core part of the test. I try and reduce these where possible but I accept that there will be repetition. I guess in an ideal situation I could remove that repetition by separating out some steps into their own tests and just referencing each step. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't see creating these system tests, like they are integration tests as a worthwhile use of time. I also don't think it is useful to create big tests that could fail at multiple steps before you get to the thing you are actually trying to test as being useful either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a balancing act and I don't believe i've found the right answer yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastEditorUserId="5422" LastEditDate="2013-07-11T09:20:31.873" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T09:20:31.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6310" CreationDate="2013-07-11T11:31:39.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I seems for me that you have too much quotation marks in here. I think&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xp_str1 = str(&quot;//a[contains(text(),'Comment')])[&quot;)&#xA;xp_str2 = str(3)&#xA;xp_str3 = str(&quot;]&quot;)&#xA;str_elem = xp_str1 + xp_str2 + xp_str3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fixes this because when you use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;(//a[contains(text(),'Comment')])[3]&quot;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;quotation marks mean that argument or function is a string. And when you use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(str_elem)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the argument for function is string variable, so you don't need additional quotation marks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5608" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T11:31:39.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6396" CreationDate="2013-07-11T11:51:58.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand it (I'm not that experienced with MSTest/Test Manager yet), without the Lab Management module the way to do this is to install SysInternals to each of your target environments as well as your master/controller environment, then use a batch file that runs the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basic setup is a batch file to run the tests - you can call MSTest from the command line in your batch file and specify the tests to be run as part of that. Command line options are available at &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182489(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182489(v=vs.110).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With SysInternals, you can do almost everything you'd do via command line to a remote system. There's more information at &lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/default&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/default&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a bit more involved than using the MS Lab Manager functionality, but it does work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T11:51:58.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6401" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-11T14:41:37.430" Score="2" ViewCount="1752" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a flex based application and I need to automate it to reduce the manual repeatitive work. I am aware of few automation tools but all of them need the application to be rebuild.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we do not have access to code to create a test environment and perform automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am looking for performing automation on the site as it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest any open source tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Sashi &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastActivityDate="2013-07-12T11:19:55.793" Title="Automating Flash Applications with out rebuilding application code with flash api" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6401" CreationDate="2013-07-11T15:08:18.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The open source answer I think would be Selenium RC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/remote-control/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/remote-control/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wasn't sure if this would work at first, but I found this article on Adobe's site about how to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/flash_selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/flash_selenium.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other option I could direct you to (though it's not open-source) is Ranorex. I use it for a  lot of browser automation and love it. It's a little more accessible and requires less coding ability for core functionality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/product/automated-ui-testing-of-flash-flex-applications.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ranorex.com/product/automated-ui-testing-of-flash-flex-applications.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T15:08:18.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6403" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-11T15:38:16.567" Score="2" ViewCount="2005" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing the registration script where the API is being called in company registration no field and it fetches all the data regarding company and fill it automatically in according field like name, phone no, address etc. So i want to make the script wait until all text-fields are filled with values. I have tried the following script but it doesn't wait and clicks on continue button before all the values are fetched.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require &quot;watir-webdriver&quot;&#xA;require &quot;watir-webdriver/wait&quot;&#xA;&#xA;br = Watir::Browser.new :chrome&#xA;br.goto verification_link&#xA;&#xA;br.a(:text =&amp;gt; &quot;Continue Manually&quot;).flash&#xA;br.a(:text =&amp;gt; &quot;Continue Manually&quot;).click&#xA;br.text_field(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;regNumber&quot;).flash&#xA;br.text_field(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;regNumber&quot;).set &quot;03977902&quot;&#xA;br.button(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;populatebtn&quot;).flash&#xA;br.button(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;populatebtn&quot;).click&#xA;&#xA;Watir::Wait.until(10) {br.text_field(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;companyName&quot;).value.exists?}&#xA;&#xA;br.select_list(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;companyType&quot;).flash&#xA;br.select_list(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;companyType&quot;).select(&quot;Limited&quot;)&#xA;br.select_list(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;nature&quot;).flash&#xA;br.select_list(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;nature&quot;).select(&quot;Art&quot;)&#xA;br.text_field(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;sales_turnover&quot;).flash&#xA;br.text_field(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;sales_turnover&quot;).set &quot;12000&quot;&#xA;br.select_list(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;why&quot;).flash&#xA;br.select_list(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;why&quot;).select(&quot;Bill Payment&quot;)&#xA;br.button(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;lookup&quot;).flash&#xA;br.button(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;lookup&quot;).click&#xA;br.button(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;continue&quot;).flash&#xA;br.button(:id =&amp;gt; &quot;continue&quot;).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5618" LastEditorUserId="5618" LastEditDate="2013-07-12T08:46:43.700" LastActivityDate="2014-08-25T14:34:23.120" Title="Wait until the text-field values are fetched through API in Watir-WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;watir&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6404" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-11T15:52:09.417" Score="3" ViewCount="1283" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating functional tests with selenium &amp;amp; PHPUnit, but I can't locate a WYSIWYG element using different locators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;byId&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;byName&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;by Css Selector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public function test(){&#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;assertEquals($this-&amp;gt;getBrowserUrl(),'url'); &#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;ByName('text field name')-&amp;gt;value('test');&#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;ByName('text field name')-&amp;gt;value('test');   &#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;ByName('wysiwyg name')-&amp;gt;value('test');   &#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;ByName('wysiwyg name')-&amp;gt;value('test');&#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;ById('submit id')-&amp;gt;click();&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the two first text fields the value has been inserted, but for the two last no values are added. If some one has an idea of what is wrong, please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML code is like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;textarea id=&quot;test_libelle&quot; class=&quot;item_field wysiwyg_editor&quot; required=&quot;required&quot; name=&quot;test[libelle]&quot; style=&quot;visibility: hidden; display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/textarea&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;span id=&quot;cke_otest_libelle&quot; class=&quot;cke_skin_kama cke_1 cke_editor_test_libelle&quot; lang=&quot;fr&quot; style=&quot;width: 788px;&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;cke_test_libelle_arialbl&quot; role=&quot;application&quot; title=&quot; &quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;span id=&quot;cke_test_libelle_arialbl&quot; class=&quot;cke_voice_label&quot;&amp;gt;Éditeur‌·de‌·Texte‌·Enrichi&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;span class=&quot;cke_browser_gecko&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;span class=&quot;cke_wrapper cke_ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table class=&quot;cke_editor&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;tr role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;-moz-user-select: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;tr role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;tr role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;-moz-user-select: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;style&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;span role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;position:absolute;&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my selenium code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public function creatMat(){ &#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;assertEquals($this-&amp;gt;getBrowserUrl(),'url/ssion'); &#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;ByValue('Créer')-&amp;gt;click(); &#xA;}&#xA;public function test(){ &#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;assertEquals($this-&amp;gt;getBrowserUrl(),'url/session/new/'); &#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;ByName('text area1 name')-&amp;gt;value('01 02 03');&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;ByName('text area2 name')-&amp;gt;value('150'); &#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;ByName('wysiwyge1 name')-&amp;gt;value('test');&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;ByName('wysiwyge name')-&amp;gt;value('test'); &#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;ById('submit id')-&amp;gt;click();&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5619" LastEditorUserId="6037" LastEditDate="2014-01-05T08:00:06.040" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T08:00:06.040" Title="Unable to locate WYSIWYG element using selenium and phpunit" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6405" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-11T16:02:26.827" Score="4" ViewCount="1868" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to execute a functional test using Selenium 2 and PHPUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the class 'Selenium2TestCase.php', I found this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase_SessionCommand_Click extends PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase_Command&#xA;{&#xA;    const LEFT = 0;&#xA;    const MIDDLE = 1;&#xA;    const RIGHT = 2;&#xA;&#xA;    public function __construct($argument, PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase_URL $url)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (is_null($argument)) {&#xA;            $jsonParameters = NULL;&#xA;        } elseif (!is_scalar($argument) || !in_array($argument, array(&#xA;            self::LEFT, self::RIGHT, self::MIDDLE&#xA;        ))) {&#xA;            throw new BadMethodCallException('Wrong parameter for click(): expecting 0, 1 or 2.');&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            $jsonParameters = array('button' =&amp;gt; $argument);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        parent::__construct($jsonParameters, $url);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public function httpMethod()&#xA;    {&#xA;        return 'POST';&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't know how to use it to simulate a right click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5619" LastEditorUserId="4281" LastEditDate="2013-09-07T21:09:00.277" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T13:16:44.773" Title="How do I simulate a right click using Selenium 2 and PHPUnit?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="736" CreationDate="2013-07-11T20:46:55.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;IF you app is developed in C# why wouldn't you use C# to test the app? C# has many useful libraries such as Reflection &quot;to see into the app,&quot; and you virtually eliminate any abstraction layer between the product code and automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T20:46:55.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6376" CreationDate="2013-07-11T23:05:16.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the root problem here is the &quot;automated way you detect perf degradations&quot;.&#xA;A few ways to solve this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a human look at trend charts &amp;amp; spot &quot;too large&quot; perf degradation &amp;amp; file a bug. A human would have detected Commit A as the big culprit because doing from 1s to 2.9s is nearly 3x perf degradation. Yes, your company policy might be 3s max for the page, but a degradation of this size said something really destroyed previous awesome perf (relative to policy).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you desire to stick to automated &quot;perf failure detection&quot; then don't just have a hard limit of 3 seconds. Instead establish the 95th percentile page load time (for each page-type you perf test), and then on new perf tests if the (new) 95th percentile page load time is 30% higher than the benchmark then trigger a perf testcase failure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You really want to use Percentile, not median or average &amp;amp; just peg it as some percentile like: 95th Percentile (or 99th, etc.).  Percentile weeds out the outliers and gives you a fairly stable page load time run to run where as average &amp;amp; median can sometimes jump around a lot depending on how bad the outliers are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4531" LastActivityDate="2013-07-11T23:05:16.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6408" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6409" CreationDate="2013-07-12T09:14:41.283" Score="10" ViewCount="21873" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software Test Engineer usualy performs “manual” testing  (without spending time on automating and supporting the tests). Usually is responsible to find all (as more as possible) critical bugs in the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, the Software Test Engineers are responsible to find and provide the information how the software works on different dimensions and should have some domain knowledge to perform appropriate judgment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Test Automation Engineer and Software Developer in Test (SDET):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Are there a difference between those ones? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Should SDETs perform manual testing activities?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Automation engineer is responsible for writing the automated verification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Are they responsible on finding issues in the product or they just responsible to create and maintain the test automation code? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Do STAE and SDET require application domain knowledge or they just have to automate manual testing scenarios provided from different people? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Does  the STAE and SDET job is only writing automated verifications? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-09-26T13:40:27.507" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T13:40:27.507" Title="What is the difference between Software Test Engineer, Test Automation Engineer and Software Developer in Test (SDET)?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;sdet&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6408" CreationDate="2013-07-12T09:39:50.150" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1) Are there a difference between those ones?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Australian IT industry still views testing as a job that anyone can perform with minimal technical skills. A quick search on a leading recruitment site has a number of advertisements for Testers with requirements similar to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;At least 3 years experience in a Tester or Test Analyst role with demonstrated experience in planning and executing functional, systems&#xA;  and regression tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Excellent written and verbal communications skills will be a must for this role – the right candidates must be able to develop clear and&#xA;  concise test cases and test scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Some previous experience using Test Director or Quality Center – any exposure to automated test tools (particularly QTP) would be a benefit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Experience of various software testing approaches and SQL in oder to extract data for tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A methodical nature and high levels of attention to detail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Extra points to those of you who noticed the spelling error in the advertisement = “oder” instead of “order”.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This ad is typical of those here in Australia for testing positions. No programming skills required, no industry specific knowledge, just X number of years in testing, good communication skills and some experience with a particular test tool vendor’s product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is an SDE/T? An SDE/T is one of the common, technical testing roles at Microsoft. Their testing careers page has the following description:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software Design Engineer in Test&lt;/strong&gt; Tests and critiques software&#xA;  components and interfaces in more technical depth, writes test&#xA;  programs to assure quality, and develops test tools to increase&#xA;  effectiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally SDE/T's use the same tools, knowledge and experience, as all the other “developers” on the project. The key difference, however is they have a different focus, and have different goals. However we aren’t any less capable at writing code that the “developers” on the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Test Automation Engineers (STAE's) are more specialised roles that typically is a less technical version of an SDE/T as they focus on automation using off the shelf tools like QTP. So the key difference between a STAE and an SDE/T is that a Automation Engineer normally uses tools, and an SDE/T writes them as he needs to to get the job done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2) Should SDETs perform manual testing activities?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the SDE/T perform manual testing, well they CAN, but normally DON&quot;T because they will write tools to do it for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3) Are they responsible on finding issues in the product or they just responsible to create and maintain the test automation code?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any tester that is not finding issues, regardless of role is not a tester. They are a tool developer. So yes, they need to find bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4) Do STAE and SDET require application domain knowledge or they just have to automate manual testing scenarios provided from different people?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The shouldn't require it as a pre-requsite, but they should be required to develop it as they automate. If they don't then a) they are not testers and b) they won't be effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5) Does the STAE and SDET job is only writing automated verifications?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. They need to do everything a tester does, plus build or use testing tools. Their main focus will be on writing automated checks, but they could also be generating test data, building test process tools, test harnesses, performance testing, security testing etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of this answer is based on a blog post I wrote ages ago &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teknologika.com/blog/the-tester-is-dead-long-live-the-sdet/&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-07-12T09:46:06.780" LastActivityDate="2013-07-12T09:46:06.780" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6358" CreationDate="2013-07-12T09:55:19.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;AFAIK it won't be possible to call RFT from Selenium as you won't have access to the RFT objects outside RFT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-07-12T09:55:19.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6401" CreationDate="2013-07-12T11:19:55.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;While you would want to use one of the tools recommended by Daniel, you also might need a debugging version of Adobe Flash. Look it up on Adobe's site and you'll find a debug version. We use it with TestComplete by SmartBear and it works fine with debug version of Flash, while complaining on regular flash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5627" LastActivityDate="2013-07-12T11:19:55.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6393" CreationDate="2013-07-12T14:43:59.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solved, we just need to add &lt;code&gt;-Dhttp.proxyHost=isa.be.bvdep.net -Dhttp.proxyPort=8080&lt;/code&gt; in the command line to launch the node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5609" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-10T20:20:44.930" LastActivityDate="2013-09-10T20:20:44.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6415" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-12T14:47:46.997" Score="3" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team is part of a project that is practicing the SCRUM methodology. We use continuous integration server to build our product. One of the requirements is to run our integration tests at least once a day on the build that was prepared by the CI server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of our test suite contains a list of business processes we should verify automatically. Our business analysts use QC to manage these requirements.&#xA;Therefore, we have prepared a Test Plan and divide it to Test Sets using the Test Lab module. Assuming that my test will be executed on each CI version of the product I would like to specify that the current test was running against some specific product version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to do that in Quality Center?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note - we are using Quality Center 11 if that matters.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4767" LastEditorUserId="4767" LastEditDate="2013-07-12T14:59:00.560" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T11:25:39.080" Title="Quality Center - specifying the version in which a test set or a test were executed" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6408" CreationDate="2013-07-13T15:09:03.410" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Bruce in general; however,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1) Are there differences between a STAE/STE and SDET role?&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;Maybe...it depends on the company. Some companies to not differentiate roles based on title. For example, at Microsoft we used to have both STE and SDET roles and titles. When I started in '94 only people whose primary job was to build and maintain test infrastructure were called SDETs (because even STEs were expected to be at least somewhat proficient in coding...even the career profiles stated that STEs were expected to be able to debug code). Today all testers at Microsoft have a title of SDET and are expected to be proficient in at least 1 programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are looking at roles at different companies look at the job descriptions. If there are different titled roles, then I recommend that the company does differentiate the roles and have clear career paths for each role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2) Should SDETs perform manual testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Absolutely! Every tester (regardless of what their &quot;official title&quot; is performs manual tests. I run a team that focuses on testing the underlying APIs in Windows Phone, so my team spends a lot of time writing automated tests. However, we also spend a lot of time doing exploratory testing because ultimately we need to understand how the functionality manifests itself to the customer and because we want to produce a great product we think our customers would like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3) Are they responsible on finding issues in the product or they just responsible to create and maintain the test automation code?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;As Bruce indicated all testers are responsible for finding issues/bugs. In fact, anyone on the product development team is responsible for finding bugs. Even developers write unit tests that find bugs. In companies such as Microsoft that don't differentiate between the roles all testers are required to be capable of creating and maintain test automation code. Again, this may vary in some companies that differentiate between the roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4) Do STAE and SDET require application domain knowledge or they just have to automate manual testing scenarios provided from different people?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;To be a proficient tester (regardless of title) requires some amount of application domain knowledge. If a person doesn't have an understanding of the domain they are probably spending a lot of time guessing (or &quot;trying stuff out&quot;) and may completely overlook critical tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5) Does the STAE and SDET job is only writing automated verifications?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;No. Bruce provided a great answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For background on the STE/SDET at Microsoft see my post &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2011/07/22/the-sdet-vs-ste-debate-redux-its-only-a-title/&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and a general discussion about tester roles see Alan Page's post &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=444&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-07-13T15:09:03.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6397" CreationDate="2013-07-15T11:54:25.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on your given info, I can draw following conclusion : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This type of error may come up after using &lt;strong&gt;clickAndWait&lt;/strong&gt; when the whole page is not refreshed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Eg : When you click on any button, then it will just give you a popup, in that case AJAX will be called and the complete page is not refreshed. For such situation you may get the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to remove or bypass the error you can use &lt;strong&gt;waitForElementPresent&lt;/strong&gt; to make visible that element so that your test will essentially wait for the particular element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;A detailed description would be nice so that the answer can be given exactly&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-07-15T11:54:25.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5861" CreationDate="2013-07-16T12:49:28.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I didn't think what Kate purposed was a solution (IMO it's just a workaround), that's why I didn't accept it. After working more with Frank and cucumber, I just realized that you can actually mix Cucumber, Frank and Capybara (or some other replacement for Capybara).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require 'frank-cucumber'&#xA;&#xA;require 'rspec/expectations'&#xA;require 'capybara'&#xA;require 'capybara/dsl'&#xA;require 'capybara/cucumber'&#xA;require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/configuration'&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;# UIQuery is deprecated. Please use the shelley selector engine. &#xA;Frank::Cucumber::FrankHelper.use_shelley_from_now_on&#xA;Frank::Cucumber::WaitHelper.const_set(&quot;TIMEOUT&quot;, 7)&#xA;&#xA;# This constant must be set to the full, absolute path for your Frankified     target's app bundle.&#xA;# See the &quot;Given I launch the app&quot; step definition in launch_steps.rb for more details&#xA;APP_BUNDLE_PATH = File.expand_path(  .... )&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.default_driver = :selenium&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.app_host = &quot;#{Configuration['server_url']}&quot;&#xA;Capybara.current_session.driver.browser.manage.window.resize_to(2000, 2000)&#xA;&#xA;World(Capybara)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just requiring both works out of the box. So you can use &lt;code&gt;visit&lt;/code&gt; from Capybara and launch the simulator from Frank in the same scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5028" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T12:49:28.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5794" CreationDate="2013-07-16T13:04:56.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my instance I have been doing Coded UI for about 2 years and have found that Coded UI does more in the background for you than some other products. i have also used QTP and Rational Robot and some free tools.&#xA;The default Object and step repository is a bit of a pain and I would recomend abstracting it out, mainly because it tries too hard to recognise objects and you end up taking  alot of the search and filter properties out that is laborious when you first start.&#xA;Using it with IE the wait for threads state and the object search 'wait' on the fly are very useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coded UI, I think does more than just look at the DOM so you can interact with the GUI as a use would by point, click and typing in rather than changing the properties of a control to achieve the same action as a user would.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, no matter which tool you pick it is so important to have a symperthetic Development department that will put unique Id's on all your controls and not put invisible controls over controls and are willing to write GUI's with Automation in mind. I can not stress the point enough otherwise you can spend more time working out how to get arround problems that actually coding tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5638" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T13:04:56.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3578" CreationDate="2013-07-16T13:19:04.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is another way to do this and that is to 'record' what you are doing with somethig that takes a 'video' of what you are doing on the desktop then  you can see exactly what was clicked, typed and where the mouse was at the time of the crash and it will capture any small dialogs that are popped up and closed before you can read them. If you leave task manager open at the same time on a different screen/ part of the screen then this also can show potential leaks, memory hogs or processor hogs without having to gather those metrics seperatly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this runs too slowly on one machine then I think you can do the screen grab from another machine looking into your machine using remote desktop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5638" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T13:19:04.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3578" CreationDate="2013-07-16T13:53:27.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Windows 7, the Problem Step Recorder might be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-07-16T13:53:27.403" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6422" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6436" CreationDate="2013-07-16T16:40:17.517" Score="5" ViewCount="2700" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past, at companies that didn't yet have a robust automated testing suite, I've used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.runtestrun.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Run&lt;/a&gt; to manage manual test scripts for multiple users. It was a pretty handy tool, but the site now seems to be defunct - upgrading past the free trial is broken and nobody seems to be answering support questions. Before I go back to copy and paste with a spreadsheet, I thought I'd check to see if anybody here knows of a similar web-based tool that is actually maintained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't necessarily have to have every &lt;a href=&quot;http://runtestrun.com/features.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;feature&lt;/a&gt; that Test Run did, but the ability to write test scripts, assign them to different users, and create one-off test plans from existing tests are pretty key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5639" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T02:24:02.287" Title="Alternative to Test Run for manual testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6095" CreationDate="2013-07-16T21:15:28.747" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All great stuff above but its seems in isolation.&#xA; Automation is whole dev dept activity, if the objects are not uniquely identifiable then you may end up one of a large number of people that get frustrated with automation, believe me, it's not nice being a lone voice calling for help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to manage expectations, it takes time to put together something that works well in anything other than the first few weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When trialling any new tool try to do so for at least 2 weeks, a month is better and try to do the hard stuff, table cells with objects in, procedurally generated images that are buttons, third party control that looks good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need nerves of steel when discussing the fact that record and playback are still not that good with most tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test automation doesn't necessarily write all the tests, they may maintain the tool more than write tests, they could be there to enable others to write the tests.&#xA;Handcrafting tests is the way to go as mentioned above. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your tool does not have an object repository then make one. Get developers to put in unique Id's for ALL objects, after all, using objects is the primary goal of automation.&#xA;Better yet abstract out the repository and get the devs to maintain the object repository spreadsheet or however you keep it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure that you can pin down an error as close as possible from the test log. &#xA;Always take a screen/application shot when a test fails and any other information that you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try not to use static waits in code to overcome a problem of load times of 'glitches', wait for something to happen in the loop if you have nothing else. &#xA;Even though an object appears it may not be loaded and ready fully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always test the test on two machines, especially a min spec machine, you will get different results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put timings in the report at debug level o lengthy tests can be looked at to see where they take too long. Always expect a demo to fail :) its like magic!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a company is serious about automation then the Automator should NOT fill in for other testers when other projects are 'pushed' for time, its a slippery slope unless automation is well established.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abstract the tests and repository (  much as possible) from the automation engine so a new one can be plugged in to do the donkey work if t company decides to go in a different direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5638" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T12:16:36.847" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T12:16:36.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6422" CreationDate="2013-07-17T00:40:06.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may want to consider &lt;a href=&quot;https://ontestpad.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ontestpad.com&lt;/a&gt;. I haven't used it beyond a trial, however it should be worth a look. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T00:40:06.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6422" CreationDate="2013-07-17T04:31:02.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's an open source tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://testlink.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLink&lt;/a&gt; you may wish to consider. (Follow the download link for their Sourceforge project).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an old copy of the manual &lt;a href=&quot;https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TestLinkOpenSourceTRMS/testlink-code/testlink_1_9/docs/testlink_user_manual.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; that is convenient for viewing all their features quickly. It includes test cases, keywords, test plans, suites, user administration and roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastEditorUserId="15039" LastEditDate="2015-12-04T08:33:52.653" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T08:33:52.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6422" CreationDate="2013-07-17T09:05:09.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the developers behind TestRail here. You might want to check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestRail&lt;/a&gt;, our web-based test management tool. TestRail is available both as a SaaS and download edition and is used by many teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6MnIc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5642" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T09:05:09.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6427" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-17T09:38:45.477" Score="2" ViewCount="955" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to do performance testing in linux environment for a C++ application. I need to measure the CPU usage, Memory usage of the application. This application is a multi threaded application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this requirement I came across two Tools/Utilities (sar and top). My problem now is if I want to monitor cpu usage by user I can use top utility for this but not sure if this is available in sar utility. If I am wrong on my approach please direct me to the correct path on how to do performance testing in linux environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a end note I use putty to login to the remote linux machine thus any GUI based tool will not help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help will be of great use to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5643" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T12:14:49.607" Title="Is my approach to performance testing in Linux environment correct?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6428" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-17T10:04:14.057" Score="8" ViewCount="1377" Body="&lt;p&gt;There must be many questions like this on the site but I have some unique requirements that affect my choice of test management / QA process management system. This is for managing the test cases and recording results, &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; for performing the actual tests, which will be done manually and with other automation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We're building tests for a website that has at least a few changes in behaviour every day. So if there are 1,000 tests, at least 5 will definitely break every day because of a new feature or design change. I mention it because I don't want to use something that assumes once a test case is defined it will never change or changing it requires a formal review process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I want to write a test case 1 time, then record many variations of the same result. One for each device type, browser, OS, variations in other. For example, the &quot;User Sign Up&quot; main test case is defined once, then the result recorded every day for each browser/device/OS combo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'd like it to be web-based. Also with some kind of API to let our automated test tools (which mainly use Selenium) to post-test results as they happen).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5623" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T06:20:37.327" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T11:53:55.463" Title="What test management system should I use?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6404" CreationDate="2013-07-17T10:20:28.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had an issue once with CKEditor. Turned out that it was using its on IFRAME, so in order to find the element, first you might need to Switch to the WYSIWYG frame/iframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().Frame(&quot;frame_name&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5562" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T10:20:28.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5961" CreationDate="2013-07-17T11:54:08.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a comment, no matter how many documents are written for developers about producing testable code, the code will still not be testable, until developer tries to write some automation for his code. IMHO, spending half a day when dev sits side by side with a person who knows how to use one of the UI automation frameworks and trying to write some automation code can provide more value than any number of written documents/guidelines/etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T11:54:08.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5967" CreationDate="2013-07-17T12:00:56.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does the code under test have unique semantic CSS classes you can rely on instead of an ID?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, this page has the following HTML for showing an answer &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;answer-5968&quot; class=&quot;answer&quot; data-answerid=&quot;5968&quot; &amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Instead of searching for this element by its ID, you can rely on &lt;code&gt;class=&quot;answer&quot;&lt;/code&gt; in your markup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T12:00:56.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6428" CreationDate="2013-07-17T12:23:58.350" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of systems that can handle this. I'm familiar with Test Link and TFS, both of which have APIs (although the TFS API is a little challenging - speaking as someone who's worked out how to post test results to TFS through the API) and both of which have ways to handle test cases that need to change. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot depends on your budget - Test Link is free (as in open source, and as in beer), TFS is not (Microsoft Team Foundation Server if you're not familiar with the abbreviation). QA Complete from SmartBear is another commercial tool that offers the functionality you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how these tools (and I suspect the other major commercial offerings) work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You define one or more test environments - this covers your device types, browsers, OSs and so forth. Depending on the tool you define the environments required at the test suite, test plan, or test case level. The API to communicate the tool varies but can be worked with. For TFS it needs a fair amount of code and assorted other dependencies taken care of before you start the tests. Test Link also has dependencies that need to be set up in the tool before you start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For test case updates, the usual arrangement is that the test case is &lt;em&gt;versioned&lt;/em&gt; once it has been run (that is, there's a result posted to the tool). The rationale is that if the test case has to change, the historical results will be invalid unless you retain the history of the test case itself. Updating changed test cases is usually a matter of creating a new version (and incrementing the test case versioning), then running against that until there's another change. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the tool, you may be able to break down your test cases into reusable steps that minimize the amount of re-versioning you need to do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know Team Foundation Server allows this through what it calls &quot;Shared Steps&quot; - which are pretty much what they sound - one or more steps in a test case which can be used by multiple test cases. (Caveat - Team Foundation Server needs to use Microsoft Test Manager for having test suites and test plans defined - currently, it's not possible to create these through the TFS interface - and MTM can't be used without TFS). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll often set up a single step as a shared step so it can be used by any test case (such as &quot;click the login button&quot; which doesn't care what the user credentials are). You can also parameterize steps so that instead of a whole lot of steps for each different value your tests will enter into a particular field, you have one step to enter &quot;@value&quot; into the field, with the values that can be used defined by the test case or an attached data file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Link doesn't have that level of reusability, that I know of. I don't know enough about other tools to offer any suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a good listing of test management tools available in the Test Management section of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/resources/software-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ministry of Testing's&lt;/a&gt; test tool listing. (It's a long list... you'll need to do a fair amount of research in this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the plus side, most of the commercial tools do offer some form of trial. I know Microsoft has a free service for TFS that they host (Team Foundation Service) and contains the most up-to-date feature set. That's free for up to 5 users per account - I don't know any other details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck finding something that meets your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T11:53:55.463" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T11:53:55.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6422" CreationDate="2013-07-17T12:31:33.927" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a LONG listing at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/resources/software-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ministry of Testing&lt;/a&gt; including a number of free tools like TestLink (Look for &quot;Test Management&quot; about 1/3 of the way down the page). Another list (conveniently divided into free and commercial tools, but not as extensive) can be found at &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtpbook.com/2013/04/22/best-software-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;QTPBook&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used TestLink and it works well once configured although the user interface isn't always super-intuitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Disclaimer - I have no affiliation with either of these sites. I just find the listings useful)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T12:31:33.927" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6427" CreationDate="2013-07-17T15:01:25.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try taking a look through this site:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-do-i-find-out-linux-cpu-utilization.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-do-i-find-out-linux-cpu-utilization.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A little over half-way down is some 'ps' stuff that is probably helpful. The biggest problem with top is that it's a pain to run and parse as part of a bash script and I'd definitely recommend that you want to hit these commands, parse them, and collect the data over time so you can look for spikes and trends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sed and awk will be your friends in parsing that data. I'm not sure what your comfort level in linux is, but if you're not familiar with those commands, I'd take a little time to learn them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T15:01:25.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6427" CreationDate="2013-07-17T20:30:01.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I upvoted Daniel's answer, another approach would be to set up a monitoring tool like Graphite to monitor and keep historical data for you.  This is also useful in terms of monitoring/alerting for your product in general: &lt;a href=&quot;http://graphite.wikidot.com/start&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://graphite.wikidot.com/start&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-07-17T20:30:01.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6440" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-19T12:00:42.227" Score="6" ViewCount="30801" Body="&lt;p&gt;All,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During an interview with an major MNC , I was asked this curious question of &quot; What is meant by pesticide paradox ? &quot; I have been working as Test Engineer for almost 4 Years but I have never came across this terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can some one help me with a real time example ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5666" LastActivityDate="2021-05-18T08:28:03.597" Title="What is meant by the term &quot;Pesticide Paradox&quot; in testing point of view?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2132" CreationDate="2013-07-19T13:05:36.883" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use IMacros, A simple recording tool. We can use importing from csv. &#xA;A simplest JavaScript is used in Macros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5667" LastActivityDate="2013-07-19T13:05:36.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6440" CreationDate="2013-07-19T13:37:58.337" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pesticide Paradox&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The phenomenon that the more you test software, the more immune it becomes to your tests - just as insects eventually build up resistance and the pesticide no longer works.  [Beizer] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from: &lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2018-08-18T01:55:51.273" LastActivityDate="2018-08-18T01:55:51.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2013-07-19T22:55:43.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't use JMeter personally.  I would probably use  SoapUI (executed by Maven) because it also fits nicely into Jenkins.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; can do everything JMeter can, and more, especially with its Maven integration.   I also prefer SoapUI for its Groovy integration and if you need to use BDD, you can integrate JBehave that way (with xUnit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2013-07-22T22:22:20.087" LastActivityDate="2013-07-22T22:22:20.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6445" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6487" CreationDate="2013-07-19T22:56:03.817" Score="1" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a way to reuse User Defined Variables and Uses of said variables in a way that doesn't require repeating them in every JMeter test, I fear this isn't possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example we've defined a few User Defined Variables (with more planned):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;      &amp;lt;Arguments guiclass=&quot;ArgumentsPanel&quot; testclass=&quot;Arguments&quot; testname=&quot;User Defined Variables&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;collectionProp name=&quot;Arguments.arguments&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;SERVER&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;SERVER&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(server,localhost)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;PORT&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;PORT&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(port,80)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;PATH&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;PATH&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(path,)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;LOOPS&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;LOOPS&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(loops,1)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;THREADS&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;THREADS&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(threads,1)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;RAMPSECONDS&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;RAMPSECONDS&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(rampseconds,1)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;USERPREFIX&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;USERPREFIX&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(userprefix,testuser)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;COUNTERCONFIGSTART&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;COUNTERCONFIGSTART&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(counterconfigstart,1)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;COUNTERCONFIGEND&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;COUNTERCONFIGEND&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(counterconfigend,6)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;COUNTERCONFIGINCR&quot; elementType=&quot;Argument&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.name&quot;&amp;gt;COUNTERCONFIGINCR&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.value&quot;&amp;gt;${__P(counterconfigincr,1)}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;Argument.metadata&quot;&amp;gt;=&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/collectionProp&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/Arguments&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then use them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &amp;lt;ConfigTestElement guiclass=&quot;HttpDefaultsGui&quot; testclass=&quot;ConfigTestElement&quot; testname=&quot;HTTP Request Defaults&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;HTTPsampler.Arguments&quot; elementType=&quot;Arguments&quot; guiclass=&quot;HTTPArgumentsPanel&quot; testclass=&quot;Arguments&quot; testname=&quot;User Defined Variables&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;collectionProp name=&quot;Arguments.arguments&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;HTTPSampler.domain&quot;&amp;gt;${SERVER}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;HTTPSampler.port&quot;&amp;gt;${PORT}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;HTTPSampler.connect_timeout&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;HTTPSampler.response_timeout&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;HTTPSampler.protocol&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;HTTPSampler.contentEncoding&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;HTTPSampler.path&quot;&amp;gt;${PATH}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;HTTPSampler.concurrentPool&quot;&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/ConfigTestElement&amp;gt;&#xA;  ....&#xA;  &amp;lt;CounterConfig guiclass=&quot;CounterConfigGui&quot; testclass=&quot;CounterConfig&quot; testname=&quot;USER Counter&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;CounterConfig.start&quot;&amp;gt;${COUNTERCONFIGSTART}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;CounterConfig.end&quot;&amp;gt;${COUNTERCONFIGEND}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;CounterConfig.incr&quot;&amp;gt;${COUNTERCONFIGINCR}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;CounterConfig.name&quot;&amp;gt;USER&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;CounterConfig.format&quot;&amp;gt;${USERPREFIX}&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;boolProp name=&quot;CounterConfig.per_user&quot;&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/boolProp&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/CounterConfig&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T23:39:01.160" Title="Keeping JMeter User Defined Variables and Uses DRY?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6319" CreationDate="2013-07-19T23:00:44.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; server is a great idea.  You just need to create Maven projects that run basic JUnit or TestNG tests.  The JUnit or TestNG tests should accomplish your tasks and provide assertions.  At least, that is how I would do it.   You just use the post-build action in Jenkins to find your JUnit output .xml files (requires a special plugin to do that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2013-07-19T23:00:44.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6440" CreationDate="2013-07-20T05:27:38.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Boris Beizer wrote “Every method you use to prevent or find bugs leaves a residue of subtler bugs against which those methods are ineffectual.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the most simple terms not every method or technique will find or prevent all bugs, so we must use a variety of approaches, techniques, and methods in testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/2009/11/19/the-pesticide-paradox/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this post for more info&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-07-20T05:27:38.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6448" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-20T23:54:01.150" Score="0" ViewCount="735" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find recent comparisons of Java mocking frameworks but all of the ones I've seen are quite old.  Can anyone point me to something relatively recent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5444" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T14:00:43.420" Title="Recent comparisons of Java mocking frameworks?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6449" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6455" CreationDate="2013-07-21T01:24:28.250" Score="0" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're using the Performance Plugin running JMeter tests in Jenkins.  I'm looking for some way to change the status and/or notify when tests run slower.  Is there another plugin I could use?  Any ideas how to proceed with modifying or writing my own Jenkins plugin if none provide the functionality I'm looking for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T07:03:21.393" Title="How to change status or notify based on timings in Jenkins with JMeter tests?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-21T02:23:09.633" Score="8" ViewCount="32398" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a new QA tester in a company in an Agile environment. During the sprint commit I was told that one of my tasks was going to be testing user stories. How exactly do you test something like that? If anyone can give me any insight into this it would be greatly appreciated. Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5672" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-09-24T18:42:17.993" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T18:42:17.993" Title="How can I test a user story? Examples please?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6450" CreationDate="2013-07-21T04:30:01.453" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is usually a &lt;strong&gt;Definition of Done/Acceptance Criteria&lt;/strong&gt; associated with each of the user stories. You can start from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1103" LastActivityDate="2013-07-21T04:30:01.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6450" CreationDate="2013-07-21T05:22:33.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;User Stories are the highest-level requirement artifacts in the software development lifecycle.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here are some examples of User Stories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;As an application user attempting to save the document, I want to see a warning if the desired document name already exists; The warning should allow me to choose whether to overwrite an existing one;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;As an Web site administrator opening the Web site, I want to see a dashboard containing top outstanding administrative tasks;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;As a user submitting a document to a remote system, I want to be informed on network errors and let save the document locally;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see, the User Stories are pretty broad by their nature. Often, &lt;em&gt;highest level&lt;/em&gt; means lowest details, minimal structure, and therefore they may be interpreted differently by different people. This is why&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Usually, QA do not test the User Stories directly.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, most issue tracking tools allow to manage &lt;strong&gt;mapping&lt;/strong&gt; User Stories to individual development tasks.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/nashjain/user-story-mapping&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this slideshow&lt;/a&gt; for a deeper theoretical insight.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/293909/tracking-user-stories-in-jira-greenhopper&quot;&gt;This StackOverflow question&lt;/a&gt; and its answers have some good points on the topic, as well as on the ways how one can use JIRA for such mapping.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as Tasks are being implemented, they are tested by QA, you may be quite familiar with the normal process.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As soon as all tasks bound to a certain User Story appear completed, the QA may &lt;strong&gt;mark the User Story completed as well.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should make an important note. I've seen some teams that &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; have direct testing of User Stories. They assign specific &lt;em&gt;Success Criteria&lt;/em&gt; to each individual User Story, just like in @Pangea's answer. The choice is yours; probably you should consider the size of the project and the dev team, and maybe some more criteria to decide if you really need direct testing of User Stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2482" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-07-21T05:22:33.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6450" CreationDate="2013-07-21T06:43:52.423" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As ByteBuster indicated, user stories are a very high level description of a goal an actor or customer wants to achieve with the product, but doesn't detail exactly how that goal is going to be achieved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers often break user stories down into discrete development focused tasks that are necessary to achieve that goal. Developers should also be writing unit tests against those tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tester's goal in testing user stories is to put yourself in the shoes of the actor or person and think of the different ways (tests) that persona might achieve the objective of the user story. Also, think of things that might go wrong along the way, or other actions or flows that might block the objective of the user story from being achieved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, developers often look at software in task or functional chunks. While testers also frequently test discrete functional attributes of software, one of the primary roles of the tester is to look at software more holistically and approach testing from the eyes of the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-07-21T06:43:52.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6454" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-21T18:49:53.197" Score="4" ViewCount="4761" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently promoted to QA lead on an agile team working with offshore testers and an onshore development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of things should I expect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any helpful tips for how to be awesome at this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was selected due to my soft skills not necessarily because I'm an experienced QA. Needless to say I'm a little confused on what kind of things I should be doing to ensure I do a great job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any resources out there that will be helpful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5672" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2019-06-14T06:41:11.407" LastActivityDate="2019-06-14T06:41:11.407" Title="Tips for QA lead?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6449" CreationDate="2013-07-21T21:16:17.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resolved this by using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Duration_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter's Duration Assertion&lt;/a&gt; as a child to the HTTP Request I wanted to time setting the Duration to Assert in milliseconds to the longest time allowable and Appy to as Main sample only.  When this time is exceded the assert fails and the test gets marked as failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j55n0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j55n0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Duration Assertion&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PAGEUNDERTESTTIMEOUTMS would be set in User Defined Variables or one could just enter timeout value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastEditorUserId="5241" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T07:03:21.393" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T07:03:21.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6454" CreationDate="2013-07-22T00:39:27.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Congratulations!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a list I used last time I took a new position:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/qa-leaders-checklist.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/qa-leaders-checklist.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's pretty hard to know what you should expect since every situation is different. Instead of anticipating, try to determine how you will go about learning what you have actually gotten into.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2019-06-13T03:09:45.143" LastActivityDate="2019-06-13T03:09:45.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6454" CreationDate="2013-07-22T05:52:40.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a very relevant whitepaper &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqs.com/de-group/_download/Whitepaper_Offshore_Agile_Testing.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; that you should read. It raises some excellent points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst I don't want to be negative, or scare you, your situation will be &lt;strong&gt;VERY&lt;/strong&gt; challenging as you have to contend with the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learning your new role and your lack of testing experience.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication with and governance of the offshore team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working in an agile team that is split across multiple sites.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would sit down and perform an honest assessment with yourself on how strong or weak you are in those areas, and identify what you don't know and try and close those gaps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to invest in and work out a communication strategy for how to work in a distributed team I would recommend reading this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2010/05/on-working-remotely.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;post by Jeff Atwood&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-07-22T05:52:40.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6450" CreationDate="2013-07-22T11:50:41.083" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the other answers have said, you will probably not test the user stories &lt;em&gt;directly&lt;/em&gt;. The method I've used in the past works like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each user story will have one or more &lt;strong&gt;acceptance tests&lt;/strong&gt;. These&#xA;tests typically cover a high level test scenario (such as &quot;Given that&#xA;I am logged in as a customer, then clicking the link 'My Orders'&#xA;takes me to a page showing all orders for that customer.&quot; - the exact&#xA;phrasing may vary)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each acceptance test can usually be broken down into one or more test cases. The example above could be considered to have three steel&#xA;thread test cases(assuming that the customer login is pre-existing&#xA;functionality):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;After logging in, the link 'My Orders' exists.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Clicking the link 'My Orders' goes to the specified order list page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The orders on the order list page match exactly the customer's orders in the data source.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance tests should probably come from the product owner, but they may be left for you to define (in which case, it helps to work with the product owner if you can)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When testing a user story, I personally prefer to leave the acceptance tests until after I've performed all the tests associated with the tasks that are created from the user story - the tasks tend to be more granular and lower-level than the acceptance tests, such as (using the example above): &quot;create a stored procedure to retrieve customer orders from a customer ID&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance tests are by default part of the &lt;strong&gt;steel thread&lt;/strong&gt; (also known as the &quot;happy path&quot; - the absolute core functionality without which the story can't be complete). Tests that verify the correct function of features required by the acceptance test are also steel thread. Tests for handling error conditions may not be steel thread, and tests for edge conditions probably aren't. As a general rule, save the tests that aren't steel thread until all the steel thread tests pass.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My preference is that the user story is not tested until all tests have passed or the functionality behind non-passing tests has been put on the backlog for another sprint or deemed out of scope - that is, &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; test has been accounted for and every task has been tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, circumstances can make a mess of this, but it's a decent starting point. Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-22T11:50:41.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6454" CreationDate="2013-07-22T12:07:38.213" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I second (third?) the congratulations! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I'm nowhere near as experienced as Joe or Bruce, I can offer a few tips from experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication is critical - you absolutely &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; have at least an instant messaging application to talk real-time with your team. That application should also be something your development team is using since you want your testers working directly with the developer as much as possible. If you can videoconference, do it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where possible, try to get as much overlap as possible between team hours. This might mean that you end up shifting your normal work day so that you're able to have several hours when you and your team members are all online (if your employer doesn't support this, you have a problem).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your team members may want to simply chat with you to improve their English skills. I'd encourage this so long as they keep the chat to topics involving what they're working on. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be very, very clear. The times I've worked with offshore team members, I found that their &lt;em&gt;formal&lt;/em&gt; English was often good, but colloquial English and particularly figures of speech could cause a lot of trouble (I also discovered that colloquial English gets used a lot more than you'd think, even in the context of leading a test team)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If possible, run everything (task allocation etc) through a web portal. Which portal you use will depend on your employer, but you're not going to be able to do things like a Kanban board in any way other than via a web tool. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read up on testing in general and agile in particular - without knowing your background, it's a bit difficult to point you to anything specific, but Joe's site (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com&lt;/a&gt;) is an excellent resource.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your main purpose is probably going to be one of support: if your people need something, it's on you to arrange it. It's also on you to be the buffer between them and any demands outside of their projects, and to be the communication point between them and management. In my experience, what happens in the project teams is handled by the project leads, where the test and dev leads act as the resource points and coordinators for the teams. This includes such things as finding information for your team members, guiding them towards better practice and so forth. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-22T12:07:38.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6463" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-22T15:28:28.730" Score="0" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently one of a group of developers developing tests for a web-based line of products. These products are separate but related, and are periodically released (ie versioned). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are trying to make our tests all &quot;run from the head&quot; against all different versions, meaning that the &lt;em&gt;current state&lt;/em&gt; of our master test code branch can run meaningfully against arbitrary versions of the production builds. At first, this seems a bit intimidating, particularly since our tests are generally UI (Selenium) based, and hence, quite dependent on particular versions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any tips for making this process easier? Or at least, more doable?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2021-04-09T12:07:53.953" Title="How to approach running automated tests &quot;from the head&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6463" CreationDate="2013-07-22T16:33:16.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to presume that you have sound reasons, whether business or otherwise, to do this. It seems simpler to me to pull the appropriate versions of your test code from the source repository (you do have your test code in a source repository and flag the versions, right?), but anyway...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see two main options here. One is to include version detection and an internal listing of features per build. Benefits here include making the test simpler because if the version list says feature X isn't part of it, the script never checks feature X, and the presence of a 'feature oracle'. Drawbacks are that it's more complex to implement and maintain, since the feature/version matrix has to be correct and up to date or you could have features not being tested (if the oracle says the feature is from a later version or is missing the feature entirely) or tests failing (if the oracle says the feature is from too early a version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other is to build feature detection into your scripts instead: check for the existence of the link to feature X and act on it only if it exists. Advantages include - if the feature is there it will be tested, tests will never fail on trying to exercise a feature that doesn't exist. Disadvantages include - this will be slower because there will always be the necessary checking time to determine whether the feature exists, you won't know if a feature is missing from a version (unless you use both approaches, which of course gets you all the advantages and drawbacks of both).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, changes to application objects will get you some pretty ugly code: instead of pulling versioned code that refers to the specific object, your script code will end up with a decision tree based on version or whether the object can be found under any of its known names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm honestly not sure that the advantages of having a single branch and version of your script codebase outweigh the disadvantages of this approach, but if I had to, I'd approach it with a hybrid approach as I described above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-22T16:33:16.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6463" CreationDate="2013-07-22T16:33:46.287" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are astute to recognize that change is the Achilles Heel of automated UI tests.   This is no different from developing/maintaining a shared library that needs to work with multiple versions of an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are practices you can follow to reduce (but not eliminate) the pain.  On the product side:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use predictable element IDs in your UI so that tests are less reliant&#xA;on the DOM layout.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design your pages using reusable components so that the page design is more consistent; this reduces the number of patterns the test needs to understand.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get your UI developers involved in the test design so that everyone understands the impact of changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the test side:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take advantage of element IDs when they are available (and when they are consistent; dynamic element IDs are not particularly useful to a tester).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Structure your tests to take advantage of page design patterns.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allow your tests to be aware of what product version they are running against, and tag your tests with version information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider negotiating the number of production versions you intend to support.  Perhaps there is some middle ground between compatibility with &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; the latest code and compatibility with &lt;em&gt;arbitrary&lt;/em&gt; versions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider how much of test suite needs to remain compatible.  Some tests may be more crucial than others; it may be enough to commit to compatibility for only a subset of the full test suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2021-04-09T12:07:53.953" LastActivityDate="2021-04-09T12:07:53.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6467" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6472" CreationDate="2013-07-22T20:34:42.660" Score="0" ViewCount="406" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to re-purpose a QTP Shared Object Repository to be used in a different context, by exporting it to XML and processing the XML with an XML parser. So far, so good. The XML schema is simple and most of the data I need is there: HTML input field IDs and names, type of field, and the page of the application and the URL associated with that page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is, I also need to know what the full contents of the WebList (Combo Box) and WebRadioGroup &lt;strong&gt;values&lt;/strong&gt; were at the time that the Shared Object Repository was created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize that Combo Boxes in HTML forms have both a value displayed to the user, and a value submitted as part of the HTML form, and the two values are not necessarily equivalent. That is fine. What we need for testing is the value contained within the HTML form -- the value that's sent with an HTTP Request in the Body. The value that's displayed to the user in the GUI is not relevant to our needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when there are multiple radio buttons in a group, HTML will encode the value with a developer-defined value depending on which button is selected. For example, they could assign value &quot;A&quot; to radio button 1, value &quot;B&quot; to radio button 2, and value &quot;C&quot; to radio button 3, and then if you try to get the value of the radio button group in the HTML, it will return the value of the button that has been clicked by the user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to get those possible values into the Shared Object Repository, so that we can later process the Shared Object Repository's exported XML and re-use that data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my questions, which are closely related, are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can the Shared Object Repository native format contain this data at all? Is it supported?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can the Shared Object Repository's XML-exported format contain this data? Will the format hold it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can any built-in or custom QTP scripts generate a Shared Object Repository containing this data automatically while recording a path through the application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T00:12:24.503" Title="Can a QTP 11.0 Shared Object Repository Contain WebList or WebRadioGroup Possible Values?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6469" CreationDate="2013-07-23T01:35:03.103" Score="1" ViewCount="1146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a VBA script which i want to run in the post processing section of the QC 11 Excel Reports generator (using the UI, not the API). This script uses the Dictionary object in the Microsoft.Scripting reference. When designing it in Excel, i add the reference via Tools-&gt;References. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can this be achieved in QC?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5685" LastActivityDate="2013-07-23T15:40:27.350" Title="Adding VBA Reference in QC Post Processing Script" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6468" CreationDate="2013-07-23T15:40:27.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding references implies early binding. But early binding is not necessary to use any component registered in the COM registry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can just use the CreateObject function to get back a late-bound reference to the object. It's not pretty, but it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You just need to know the fully qualified name of the object. I'm assuming that here it's &lt;code&gt;Microsoft.Scripting.Dictionary&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So instead of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim x As New Dictionary&lt;/code&gt; (with an Early Bound Reference to &lt;code&gt;Microsoft.Scripting&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim x As Object&#xA;Set x = CreateObject(&quot;Microsoft.Scripting.Dictionary&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not specific to QC/ALM, or even QA, by the way. This is a generic concept that applies in various ways to any COM-enabled programming environment, including VBA, VB6, VBScript, C++, or even .NET. See the article on early vs. late bound &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/245115&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastActivityDate="2013-07-23T15:40:27.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6470" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-23T19:48:00.710" Score="0" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;IN HP QC 10, I'm looking to find all tests that have not had their design steps altered in the last 6 months.   Having trouble finding the correct table and query to do this.....&#xA;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5694" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-07-24T12:06:05.933" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T00:37:21.097" Title="In QC10, how can I find outdated tests?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6470" CreationDate="2013-07-24T00:01:33.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to use the DESSTEPS table, grouping by test ID. You can join this on the TEST table to get details on the test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT DS_TEST_ID, max(ds_vts)&#xA;FROM DESSTEPS s inner join TEST t on s.DS_TEST_ID = t.TS_TEST_ID&#xA;group by DS_TEST_ID&#xA;having max(ds_vts) &amp;lt; DATEADD(month,-6,GETDATE())     --6 months ago&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5685" LastEditorUserId="6826" LastEditDate="2014-01-31T00:37:21.097" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T00:37:21.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6467" CreationDate="2013-07-24T00:12:24.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, yes, and yes -- the answers to my questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.searchareply.com/qtp-descriptive-programming-dp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reference&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general idea is that you have to configure the shared object repository to capture the &lt;code&gt;all items&lt;/code&gt; property from &lt;code&gt;WebRadioGroup&lt;/code&gt;s and &lt;code&gt;WebList&lt;/code&gt;s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the property in Object Spy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2790" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T00:12:24.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6473" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-24T06:06:35.643" Score="0" ViewCount="974" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on a project that requires automating tests on a content player,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using sikuli for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that we have piled up a large amount of screenshots which is becoming difficult to manage day by day.Size of image folder is becoming larger day by day. we want to reuse the older images as much as possible, but finding similar images is what has become a headache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool which could find similar screenshots from a folder? is there any strategy we could use further to manage it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5696" LastEditorUserId="5696" LastEditDate="2013-07-25T03:17:57.760" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T04:15:04.243" Title="management of images in sikuli" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6474" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-24T11:49:42.267" Score="4" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;To explain better, if test B depends on test A, then&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if test A fails, then test B should not be run and fail implicitly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if test A produces some output, then it should be available for test B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see why this would be bad for Unit Tests, which should run in isolation, but I was thinking about System Tests where these are common unavoidable scenarios, and it would possibly be a better alternative to long tests which require many steps. I am thinking of something that works like a build file or Ant (where targets play the role of tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a terrible idea? If yes, are there testing frameworks that support this test style? If not, what problems am I overlooking?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5674" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T21:11:33.677" Title="Using a system test framework that handles test dependencies" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6474" CreationDate="2013-07-24T12:41:45.083" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are tools that support this. SmartBear's TestComplete does - you can configure to continue after a failure or to stop after a failure - you'll find some details below about how the team at my previous employer handled dependent tests with TestComplete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't consider it a terrible idea - I've worked mostly with large, complex applications where it's simply not feasible to make each test independent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's some of the reasons you'd want to use a sequence of dependent tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have a long sequence of events that would have to be repeated for every test (such as restore known database, install the target build of the application, run the application, log on to the application with specific credentials, perform the configuration you need... all before you get to the actual test that interests you)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have a limited set of resources to run automated tests in parallel and a limited timeframe in which to run your automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have a long sequence of cleanup events after each test or tests (exit the application, run database validation, back up application data to an archival location, export application logs to an archival location...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have a large number of tests where the setup steps are identical or nearly identical&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have a large number of tests that are logically dependent on prior actions (practically anything that operates as a process flow can fall into this bucket)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have an application that has a significant startup/initialization time (I worked with one that could take over a minute to start and load everything - and that was with a relatively small data set. Large data sets could take much longer)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need a lot of data to perform a single test due to the long sequence of preparation and/or cleanup events, and much of this data is the same for other tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've done a lot of work with applications where every single one of these points is true - not surprisingly we used a lot of dependent tests. In our case, there was a 3 hour configuration script run once a week that would set everything up (because this was more efficient than each of the 30-some test suites running up to 90 minutes of configuration on a daily basis, and the focus of our automation was on transaction handling rather than configuration), then a common startup routine for each test suite that would copy the database and file backups from a known location, restore the database backup, unzip the file backup, install the target build of the applications being tested, set specialized permissions required, then run the application. This usually took about 40 minutes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even with a farm of virtual and physical machines, and the regression scripts made as efficient as possible, it wasn't possible to run one suite per machine, so the team relied on dependent tests and defined which kinds of failures were fatal - for fatal failures, we configured the scripts to stop, perform the teardown, and send an email before closing completely. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft's CodedUI framework doesn't support this style at all. I don't know enough about any other frameworks to give an opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T12:41:45.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2013-07-24T12:46:36.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitely testers having a developer background or coding knowledge helps much in software testing but this was long time ago. I think by the evolution of new generation testing tools I don't think that testers no more require to have coding experience as the tools itself has became quite intelligent. This is helpful because I think that if any tester concentrates only on his sole job of testing would more effective as they need not to spend time in tedious coding jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5540" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-08-14T00:19:46.153" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T00:19:46.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6479" CreationDate="2013-07-24T14:33:32.410" Score="2" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently testing a piece of vehicle management software. To kill two birds with one stone I am also going to create a user guide, alongside a similar document to point out and describe bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The document would need to be in a PDF format and would be screenshot heavy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anybody has done anything similar could you advise a piece of software fit for this job? I.E PDF creation, snipping tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to avoid word at all costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5698" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-09-26T13:39:57.643" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T13:39:57.643" Title="Creation of bug specification" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6477" CreationDate="2013-07-24T15:10:49.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you mentioned Word, I assume the tool (and the user interface for the software under test) run on Windows.  There are a lot of free or inexpensive screen capture utilities for Windows.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://lifehacker.com/5880928/the-best-screen-capture-tool-for-windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; recommends &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.picpick.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PicPick&lt;/a&gt; but also mentions several others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding document editing tools that can produce a PDF, I recommend using Google Drive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this does not constitute a bug tracking system, but you did not ask for one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T15:10:49.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6480" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-24T18:32:38.213" Score="12" ViewCount="1004" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've received a job offer recently with a significant portion of the pay based on yet to be determined &quot;objective&quot; performance metrics. We are supposed to sit down together after I've worked there awhile to develop and agree on the metrics that will be used. The only metric suggested by the employer so far is the number of bugs in released code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this workable? Is it a fair metric or, as I fear, will it introduce dysfunction? Are there other metrics that could/should be used? Some of the issues that concern me are defining what a bug is, who finds the bug (does it only count when the customer finds it?), how do bugs found in old releases count, does a bug caused by a requirements gap count, what happens when other people whose pay is not effected by this metric, such as developers, help out with testing before a big release, what about the conflict between finding all the bugs and getting the product shipped, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, are there reasonable performance metrics that could be used? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5700" LastActivityDate="2013-08-01T06:46:25.840" Title="Should a salary bonus be based on bugs in released code or other metrics?" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6480" CreationDate="2013-07-24T19:34:21.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metrics are useful, but they should be supplemented with subjective judgement.&lt;/strong&gt;  It's useful to have something measurable to use as the basis for management decisions such as promotions, raises, and bonuses.  Of course any metric can be manipulated to defeat its purpose, so a competent manager will use their own subjective judgement too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The bonus formula will change.&lt;/strong&gt;  Next year's bonus formula is unlikely to be the same as this year's bonus formula.  I have never worked anywhere where the bonus formula remained the same for more than a year.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you don't like the formula, you should suggest improvements.&lt;/strong&gt;  If you have an issue with the bonus formula, you should talk to your manager about it.  If you and the manager are reasonable, you should be able to work something out that is more fair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The right metrics depend on what you do.&lt;/strong&gt;  You can't measure what a tester does based solely on the released bug count.  To find a better set of metrics, you need to think about what the job entails.  For example, are you in charge of measuring the software's performance?  Do you need to document a manual test suite?  Do you need to write automated tests?  Will you be involved in usability testing?  Does it matter whether the bugs you report are clear and complete?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T19:34:21.167" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6480" CreationDate="2013-07-24T19:58:15.307" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tying cash rewards to metrics like bug counts is always a very risky business, one that is almost certain to introduce dysfunction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never want people on my QA team to have to worry about their bonus when I just want them to be doing the right thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you are the tester working with a single developer (who happens to be your best friend) on a project that is planned to be released just before fiscal year end (when the bonus period ends). The developer has his bonus tied into getting this release done on time. You have a bonus tied into making sure the release doesn't have any bugs in it after it is released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the day before the release you discover a not-too-serious bug. What do you do? You could stay silent, let the code get released so that your friend earns his bonus, and hope that the bug isn't discovered so that you earn your bonus. You could write the bug report immediately causing your friend to either argue and try to get you over-ruled or lose his bonus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sort of thing happens all the time when bug reports are used as metrics and applied to bonuses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have pointed out several of the flaws in using bug count metrics. Here's one viewpoint:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/misuse-and-abuse-of-bug-counts.html&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/misuse-and-abuse-of-bug-counts.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Release decisions are business decisions. Sometimes, it's more important to release code to meet an immediate business need - even if it contains bugs - and then fix the bugs later. You don't deserve to get penalized for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, there are no good systems for individual bonuses that must be tied to &quot;metrics&quot;. The thinking is that &quot;if we tie his bonus to a 'metric', it will motivate him correctly, and will be an objective and fair way to measure him. This thinking is simply wrong. Yet companies know this and still continue to force manager to create such bonus programs, and everyone suffers. Trust me - it's no fun for a manager either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you haven't already, you should read &quot;Measuring and Managing Performance in Organizations&quot; by Robert D. Austin. He talks about dysfunction caused by metrics/measurement systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want my team to be empowered to simply &quot;do the right thing&quot; in all contexts, without having to worry that it will cost them bonus money and without worrying how to game the system so they maximize their bonus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I strongly prefer that all bonuses are earned only based on company goals (sales and profit for example), and not on lower-level or individual goals. To me, this is the proper way to motivate individuals, and to reward them.  Unfortunately, I've worked at many companies where I am forced to do otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You won't be able to tell how this will work out for you until after you have accepted the job offer, and have been working there for over a year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T19:58:15.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6480" CreationDate="2013-07-24T20:00:56.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(In addition to user246's post)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am generally skeptic about defining quality based solely on quantitative metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the number of bugs found in production does indicate what was missed by the testers, it misses a few things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you joined, did you have enough tools to efficiently test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What's the general quality of code?  Let's say if the incoming code has a lot of bugs, and you spend most of your time with functional bugs, you might not be able to spend more time doing exploratory testing and finding potential issues that can crop up further down e.g. A bug introduced in a code in release v1 may not surface until release v5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;During the year of evaluation, were you and/or your team actually building infrastructure for test automation?  If so, you might not be able to spend enough time trying to catch all bugs but you ended up building an automation which can be of significant value to the company&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... and a few more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T20:00:56.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6480" CreationDate="2013-07-24T20:11:48.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you prevent code with known bugs from going out?  If you can't actually control the thing being measured, it's a bad metric.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if the right thing for the business is to release the code, with bugs, to get it out faster so users can start benefitting?  Sometimes having some software is better than none (but not always!).  If the metric could ever reasonably be opposed to doing the right thing for the business, it's a bad metric.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would guess that it's your job to inform about product quality, not to control it.  Unless you are allowed, empowered, and expected to halt the release until all the known bugs get fixed with no repercussions, this metric doesn't measure how well you do your job.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look at the Wikipedia page on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMART_criteria&quot;&gt;SMART goals&lt;/a&gt; (goals that are specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time-bound).  Many metrics suggested for testers fail to be attainable because they reflect factors that are not under the testers control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's very hard to suggest better metrics without knowing your role in-depth.  Testing is a very context-sensitive role.  Load and performance testing efforts often require a lot of effort for relatively few bugs - but those bugs are often really important bugs.  Testing a smoothly run project with clear requirements and senior devs who write great code can mean few bugs filed and probably a very fast testing effort.  Testing a buggy project with unclear requirements can mean a long, drawn-out testing effort with lots of bugs filed and still could have bugs escaping despite excellent test work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cem Kaner is a well-respected name, and he co-authored an article on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/metrics2004.pdf&quot;&gt;Software Engineering Metrics&lt;/a&gt; that focuses on measuring testers. He suggests a method that involves qualitative analysis, considering each task that a tester is expected to perform and defining what it means for that task to be done well, then evaluating it.  The article ends with this caveat:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We have not seen this type of evaluation fully implemented and don't know of anyone who has fully implemented it. A group of test managers&#xA;  has been developing this approach for their use, and many of them are&#xA;  now experimenting with it, to the extent that they can in their jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Our intuition is that there are some challenging tradeoffs. The goal&#xA;  of this approach is not to micromanage the details of the tester's&#xA;  job, but to help the test manager and the tester understand which&#xA;  tasks the tester is doing well and which not. There are usually many&#xA;  ways to do a task well. If the scoring structure doesn't allow for&#xA;  this diversity, we predict a dysfunction-due-to-measurement result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T20:11:48.160" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6480" CreationDate="2013-07-24T20:27:39.407" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what everyone else has said, metrics used for performance bonuses are a seriously bad idea in the software world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metrics are helpful as a descriptive tool, but that's about it in my view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's some of the reasons why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;every software project is different. That means that even if all the&#xA;same things are measured, comparisons won't be valid. Project A might&#xA;have released on time with few bugs, but that was because it was&#xA;small, carefully scoped, and was a greenfields development, where&#xA;Project B, which was late and horribly buggy was one of those death&#xA;march projects with constantly shifting resources, no-one knew what&#xA;was supposed to happen, and it relied heavily on existing code with a&#xA;lot of known (and unknown) bugs. You simply can't compare bug counts,&#xA;lateness, or any other metric - and if you're the tester working&#xA;Project B, you will get shafted if metrics like this are used for&#xA;your performance reviews.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;every metric can, and will, be gamed. I know places where bugs raised&#xA;against developer code counted against them in performance reviews. Anything small was handled completely off the system to avoid hurting the developer - unless the tester didn't like the developer, in which case all bets were off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you take a look at my answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3381/what-is-a-good-kpi-for-software-qa/3386#3386&quot;&gt;What is a good KPI for software QA?&lt;/a&gt; - it summarizes all my disagreements with metrics for performance reviews. I'd also recommend discussing the question of metrics with this potential employer and feeling out how they respond when you point out how little use bug counts or other such metrics are for evaluating how well you're doing your job. (In my experience leads and team members know who the stand-out people are and who the dead-weights are. If they feel that management trusts them to do their jobs without micromanaging, they'll let management know of any problems.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T20:27:39.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6445" CreationDate="2013-07-24T23:39:01.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ended up extracting the last few differences in our JMeter tests to User Defined Variables and then defined the variables in a csv file and used the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter's CSV Data Set&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when running on Jenkins the test results are then in 1 log file and hence 1 graph, which isn't what we want.  We want 1 graph per page under test.  So I used Freemarker to generate separate tests one for each line in the csv file.  Since JMeter and Freemarker use the same variable notation ( ${myvariable} ) I replaced all the JMeter ${ with @{ which are then replaced after the Freemarker templating is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2013-07-24T23:39:01.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6480" CreationDate="2013-07-25T01:33:40.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with known performance metrics is that it changes behaviour. Not necessarily in the way you'd imagine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the plague was going on in Europe, rewards were set up for people catching/killing rats and presenting the bodies. Pay per carcass, nice and simple right? Until people worked out they could breed rats and make more money that way...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, if say, you're rewarded per bug, on a website, it's incredibly easy to be pedantic and to break stuff down into smaller bugs. Instead of &quot;poorly written text on page X&quot; it could be &quot;word starts at wrong height&quot;, &quot;typo in sentence&quot;, &quot;spelling mistake&quot;, &quot;poor choice of words&quot; and so on.  Eventually you're getting a much higher noise to signal ratio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't mean small bugs are bad, just that the focus may change.  Any reward system has to be carefully thought about.  One method is to assign higher rewards to bigger priority bugs.  I've seen this fail too - the 'average' priority/severity on bugs suddenly started increasing as people subjectively started rating them higher.  Observation/confirmation bias and all that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, you may find developers starting to point out known bugs to testers - bugs that may not even be hit in a production environment. One could argue that a bug is a bug, but now you've got developers spending more time looking at bugs than fixing/writing new stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, it makes a lot more sense for the rewards to be based on the whole company performing - if a sales target is hit, or whatever the metric might be, then everyone gets rewarded. This encourages some teamwork, unity and less &quot;us vs them&quot; mentalities.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T01:33:40.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="799" CreationDate="2013-07-25T02:48:17.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about implementing a retry logic? If tests are flaky and cant be avoided then retrying the failed tests might help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5680" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T02:48:17.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6491" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6492" CreationDate="2013-07-25T08:53:05.103" Score="7" ViewCount="19741" Body="&lt;p&gt;To record scripts in JMeter we need to run the proxy on local port 8080, where as in browser I need to configure for internet connectivity proxy to connect to internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The company I work for is providing me internet through a proxy server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anyone who knows how to record script using Jmeter while there is already internet proxy set up in the browser to connect to internet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5705" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T07:10:00.200" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T07:10:00.200" Title="How to record in JMeter when proxy settings is configured to connect to internet" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6491" CreationDate="2013-07-25T12:35:26.563" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#proxy_server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter documentation&lt;/a&gt;, if you want to run JMeter behind a proxy server, you should launch JMeter with the following settings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-H [proxy server hostname or ip address] &#xA;-P [proxy server port] &#xA;-N [nonproxy hosts] (e.g. *.apache.org|localhost) &#xA;-u [username for proxy authentication - if required] &#xA;-a [password for proxy authentication - if required] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example : &lt;code&gt;jmeter -H my.proxy.server -P 8000 -u username -a password -N localhost&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can use &lt;code&gt;--proxyHost&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;--proxyPort&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;--username&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;--password&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-07-25T12:35:26.563" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6497" CreationDate="2013-07-26T15:52:37.350" Score="20" ViewCount="3636" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been trying to hire a tester for a few months without success. I really want to find someone who is both a tester and a developer, not because I want them to do two roles, but because the kind of testing I want them to do is all about automation and therefore I think they need to be able to at least programme in a scripting language like python to a reasonable level. Agencies tell me that it's not realistic to aim to find such a person, and I think their reasoning is something like: a good developer would rather be a developer than a tester (more money, more prestige).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is: is it realistic to try to find a developer turned tester or a tester who has learned to develop testing code? If not, what's a good alternative approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Great answers, guys. Thanks so much: this has been genuinely helpful. If anyone here is interested in a test automation development role based in London, let me know!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5717" LastEditorUserId="5717" LastEditDate="2013-07-29T13:57:41.443" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T00:37:29.967" Title="Is it realistic to try to hire someone who is a developer and a tester?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6493" CreationDate="2013-07-26T16:11:57.783" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of testers who have learned to develop and there are also many testers who began their careers as developers.  It is absolutely possible to find these kinds of people.  There may be other hindrances however, such as availability in your area who have all of the skill-sets that you require, especially when it comes to specialized skill-sets.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a good developer would rather be a developer than a tester (more&#xA;  money, more prestige).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More money is pretty relative, and in a lot of cases, not quite as important as some people tend to think when compared against combined compensation.  This line does make me wonder, are testers paid less in your organization?  If so, are you planning on paying them as a tester, or as a developer.  If you do pay your testers less, want to pay the person as a tester, but want them to do almost pure development, would you want the job yourself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-07-26T16:11:57.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6493" CreationDate="2013-07-26T16:23:44.450" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, its realistic to find these folks. They form the majority of the teams that I've lead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to adjust the title to be Software Engineer in Test, or just Software Engineer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my org, the pay scale, and prestige for the software engineers in test are the same as software developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2013-07-26T16:23:44.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6493" CreationDate="2013-07-26T16:28:39.300" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's certainly realistic to find such folks. I am one, and I've hired many.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is more difficult (and might be what the Agencies are saying), is to convince a current developer to become a tester. That sort of career change is a challenge, as is any career change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there are many, many testers with automation experience who used to be developers and might welcome your position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look over your job description, and try to get feedback from others as to how they read it. If it reads as &quot;seeking a person who is developer and tester&quot;, that might be difficult to fill. If instead it reads as &quot;seeking a tester who also has these (development) skills...&quot;, you may be better served.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-07-26T16:28:39.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6493" CreationDate="2013-07-26T19:41:27.867" Score="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what everyone else has said, it's absolutely realistic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With respect to what the hiring agencies are telling you, here are some reasons you could find difficulty convincing a developer that they want to be part of the test team:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if your automation specialists are paid significantly less than your&#xA;developers, you'll be asking any developer to take a pay cut. That&#xA;usually doesn't end well unless you're offering other compelling&#xA;benefits (in the form of training, recognition, opportunities to&#xA;attend the industry conferences on the company dime and particularly autonomy)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if your test team is the red-headed stepchild of the organization (their warnings are ignored, their requests for resources are always last in the queue, they have to make do with everyone else's cast-offs for their systems, they have to fight for access to the tools they need to do their job... that sort of thing), you will have trouble attracting developers, much less keeping them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if your automation specialists are repeatedly pulled away from automation to perform manual testing because of the latest &quot;emergency&quot;, you will lose any developer you bring in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wish I could say these were rare conditions - the reason the recruiting agents are saying you're being unrealistic is that too many places look on testing as a luxury at best, and an unwanted money sink at worst.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your organization is prepared to treat your automators &lt;em&gt;as&lt;/em&gt; developers and respect their judgment, you should have no difficulty bringing good people in - as long as you make it clear that you're not just expecting them to do brainless coding and you appreciate that writing software to run and test software is a challenging and interesting career path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-07-26T19:41:27.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6498" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-26T19:55:58.553" Score="2" ViewCount="2202" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a need to verify content on our site using Selenium IDE; specifically for this question Youtube video served up in an iframe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&amp;lt;iframe width=&quot;506&quot; height=&quot;315&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;player&quot; id=&quot;player&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;1&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/9l1WYPhs0cc?wmode=opaque&amp;amp;amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;amp;amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Fxxx.com&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(origin xed out...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried to use Selenium to click on the video - no result, and running through a list I knew a video was not available - it went right through it, so that doesn't work for verification.  I settled down to a storeEval statement and attempted to do the getElementById javascript statement, but that really can't find the element that is loaded by the iframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anybody had to verify Youtube content?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5718" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-25T14:28:13.220" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T14:28:13.220" Title="Verifying Youtube Video in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5599" CreationDate="2013-07-26T20:29:20.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can fork test tasks from your build tool, whatever it is.  With Maven, its called &quot;surefire plugin&quot;, with Gradle, you just set &quot;maxParallelTasks&quot; in your test task, with TestNG, you use the thread count like @Aruna suggested.   It all depends on what you are using to execute your tests.   When selenium tests are forked, then multiple sessions are opened on the grid hub and it will open multiple browser sessions on the Grid node that it is mapped to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2013-07-26T20:29:20.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6498" CreationDate="2013-07-26T22:36:40.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my browser, the YouTube iframe embeds a Flash player.  Ordinarily, Selenium can't talk to embedded components, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/flash_selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; talks about using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/flash-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FlashSelenium&lt;/a&gt; component to talk to Flash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-07-26T22:36:40.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6085" CreationDate="2013-07-27T21:31:31.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG knows nothing about assertions &lt;em&gt;per se&lt;/em&gt;. It knows only that the test threw an exception or did not.  All of the information that TestNG gets from the assertion comes from the exception thrown by the assertion failure.  If an assertion passes, TestNG never knows about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, you can write your assertion methods that know how to log information, or to write information through TestNG's &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/javadocs/org/testng/Reporter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reporter&lt;/a&gt; object. There may be other ways that an assertion can send information to TestNG, but each of them involves using some form of assertion that knows when and how to report the information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One possibility is to write your own &lt;code&gt;assertThat()&lt;/code&gt; method, like the one that comes with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://hamcrest.org/JavaHamcrest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hamcrest library&lt;/a&gt;.  The &lt;code&gt;assertThat()&lt;/code&gt; method takes two parameters, a &lt;em&gt;subject&lt;/em&gt; and a &lt;em&gt;matcher&lt;/em&gt;.  The matcher knows how to describe itself.  You could write your &lt;code&gt;assertThat()&lt;/code&gt; so that when the match succeeds, it describes the subject and the matcher to TestNG somehow (e.g. through the Reporter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One possible implementation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package my.package.name.MyAssertion;&#xA;&#xA;public class MyAssertion {&#xA;&#xA;    public static &amp;lt;T&amp;gt; boolean assertThat(T subject, Matcher&amp;lt;? super T&amp;gt; matcher) {&#xA;        MatcherAssert.assertThat(subject, matcher); // Calls the Hamcrest asserThat&#xA;&#xA;        // If we get here, the Hamcrest assertion passed. Log it to TestNG.&#xA;        // You'll have to figure out how to write this method.&#xA;        reportMatchToTestNG(subject, matcher);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-07-27T21:31:31.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6085" CreationDate="2013-07-28T15:18:55.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I would try to explain to the customer an assertion is a Boolean condition; if the assertion isn't hit then it &quot;passes.&quot; Or perhaps ask the customer if they want to &quot;see&quot; what condition each Boolean expression is evaluating and log the condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not familiar with TestNG, but if they are persistent, then TestNG provides multiple assertion methods including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;public static void assertTrue(boolean condition, java.lang.String message)&#xA;and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;public static void assertTFalse(boolean condition, java.lang.String message)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would certainly skew the report and appear to have lots of failures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T15:18:55.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6292" CreationDate="2013-07-28T19:44:32.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to use Facebook test users + &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/facebook-test-java-api/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/facebook-test-java-api/&lt;/a&gt; (or something like this if you don't use selenium with java). With moderate (i.e not load-testing like) numbers of test user you will be never flagged as a spammer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5725" LastActivityDate="2013-07-28T19:44:32.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6493" CreationDate="2013-07-29T03:07:03.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As someone in this role, I feel I can add some insight:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I began with a Computer Science degree and moved arbitrarily into test - manual and automated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frustrated with not having an impact on the code, I moved into software and quickly to senior at the company.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I then went overseas to travel + contract as I went.  I found that there was a gap forming - an area where people needed testers who could code, and code well.  Microsoft has SDETs - Software Developers in Test (which I was for a while), and other titles have included Test Automation Engineer, Test Analyst, Software Automation, Test Automater and other similarly-awkward titles, but the point remains - there's a real need for this role.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more and more, I have recruiters contacting me as companies are asking for this.  I've worked in teams full of test automation engineers who don't do manual testing - it's a different type of skill.  We get paid well, on-par with developers, and indeed in some contracts, more than I would have as a developer - we're still a rare breed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if a recruiter is telling you that your demands are unrealistic, I humbly recommend a new recruiter.  Advertise for testers, but the two key words that should be in the title or first paragraph - &quot;test automation&quot;.  If you want to give it more prestige, &quot;Test Automation Specialist&quot;.  You'll get the right candidates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T03:07:03.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6473" CreationDate="2013-07-29T04:15:04.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, one of the options I can think of is to use Sikuli itself to find similar images. You can set the image in a pattern and then try to locate similar images on the screen. Once you locate those similar images, you can do whatever you want with them, still using Sikuli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as an example, you can define a function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def recycleAll(x)&#xA;    for region in find(x).anySize().regions:&#xA;        dragDrop(region, &quot;recycleBinImg.png&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then call it from your main code like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;patterns = [&quot;imagePatern1.png&quot;, &quot;imagePatern2.png&quot;, &quot;imagePatern3.png&quot;]&#xA;for x in patterns:&#xA;    recycleAll(x)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, all images as in pattern will be dragged from the screen to Recycle Bin. This code could be changed not to delete all the occurrences of the images as in the pattern and leave one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you have to consider how your images look like, are the similar ones are truly identical? If now you might want to search now using the whole image but use just a smaller part which will be unique to the images you want to find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T04:15:04.243" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2515" CreationDate="2013-07-29T13:26:11.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use xpath to locate the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you add Firepath to Firefox it will give different code for eache component.&#xA;you can download it from here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/firepath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/firepath/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This link may help you:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://diveintotesting.com/2013/02/21/web-page-object-identification-using-firebug-and-firepath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://diveintotesting.com/2013/02/21/web-page-object-identification-using-firebug-and-firepath/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5619" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T11:21:31.943" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T11:21:31.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6513" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6514" CreationDate="2013-07-29T15:32:53.293" Score="6" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read that if a requirement can't be verified by black-box testing or inspection, then it's not a requirement, but a design specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm building a software that makes processing with on images acquired by a camera, and the processing itself should be verified because it is essential for producing the right image presented to the end user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it is very difficult to test this in black-box, even in gray-box, so I wonder if it should be listed as a software requirement? If yes, then is it OK for my software verification to have it verified in white or gray-box testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I'm building medical device software, thus following IEC 62304 standard, that specifies that my software requirements shall be verified through system testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1611" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T15:43:18.023" Title="Can a requirement be verified just by white or gray box testing?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6513" CreationDate="2013-07-29T15:43:18.023" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I've read that if a requirement can't be verified by black-box testing or inspection, then it's not a requirement, but a design specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think that's true. There are plenty of requirements which are difficult-to-impossible to test with black-box techniques; for example, a client-server application might have a requirement that all communications between client and server is encrypted - but black-box testing can't see the communications at all. But that doesn't stop it being a valid requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T15:43:18.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6474" CreationDate="2013-07-29T21:11:33.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think this is a terrible idea and @Kate Paulk has already provided enough reasons of why it is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As about tools that support such test style. I don't think that built-in support of such feature should be the primary criteria to choose testing framework\tool, because you can always do this implement this by yourself. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if tool allows to read test results then just read result of test A from test B and raise an exception\trigger test failure if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;from test A you can write anything you want (test result, data that needs to be passed to other test, etc) to a file\database\whatever and then read this information from test B &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2269" LastActivityDate="2013-07-29T21:11:33.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6493" CreationDate="2013-07-30T07:54:16.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hired more than one Developer-Tester, and I am a Developer- Electrical Engineer and a Tester...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But don't expect finding one to be easy nor fast. We spent months and dozens of interviews finding a good combination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-07-30T07:54:16.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2013-07-31T12:31:22.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use the HTTP watch for tracking the calls for iPhone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://itunes.apple.com/app/id658886056&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Basic version (free)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://itunes.apple.com/app/id641613694&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Professional version costs $99.99&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help..!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5355" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T06:40:01.400" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T06:40:01.400" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-07-31T12:31:22.330" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6524" CreationDate="2013-07-31T12:51:00.507" Score="4" ViewCount="319" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working at a small in-house dev department in a non-IT organisation. Me and another junior dev are creating a mid-sized CRUD web application in ASP MVC. There is no formal test process in our department. I am trying to gently introduce some best practices including unit testing, of which I only have theoretical knowledge myself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We started with creating a nice, clean database schema. During the requirements analysis and database modelling phases, I went through piles of real data from our domain and then entered them all per hand in the database. Then the other dev got the task of creating the Model part of the project, writing the entity and repository classes needed for Linq to SQL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I outlined my vision for the unit tests of his classes: We already have a small but consistent set of data we can use as a test data. I suggested that he automatically recreate the database from scratch, filling the tables per SQL script, and then let the tests run against the dataset. He agreed and went to work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, a few weeks later, he has for some reason decided that he doesn't like working with the data as it is. He initializes the database by re-creating the schema, and then fills it using our Linq classes and their connections. He does not pay attention to keeping the data in a state which is sensible for the domain. Example: in my data, a mouse could have a mutation expressed in the mammary glands. In his data, a drosophila can have a mutation expressed in the mamary glands, because he just set random connections between records from the proper tables, without caring for business meaning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see two problems with this approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think that the tests supposed to verify the work of our Linq classes should not use the Linq classes for initialization of the data set. From my point of view, this is a bad case of circular reasoning. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would like to keep one set of test data which is applicable for most types of test, maybe with a few necessary variations. While there is no reason why the data used for unit testing the database connection should be the same as the data used for tests involving the users, there is also no reason to make it different. And the users cannot work with data which tells them that a drosophila has mammary glands. So, I would like us to adapt our tests to work with the old data set. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My co-worker is unhappy, because my suggestions mean extra work load. He feels that they are completely unnecessary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions for you: First, is his approach wrong (so we should change it), or is it right (maybe one of many possible right approaches)? Second, is my own suggestion right or wrong? Third, if his approach is so wrong we should change it, what arguments can I use to convince him? (He is absolutely no convinced by my &quot;circular reasoning&quot; argument). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt; User246 &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/246/user246&quot;&gt;answered&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Of course if you don't implicitly trust your Linq classes, you should test them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under which circumstances would I trust my Linq classes? Do I need to test them, or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He/she also said: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One way to test the Linq classes would be to write the data using Linq and then read the data using some other means&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is exactly what I was planning to do. My question was: Why? Why cannot I test the Linq classes with themselves? I thought that it is so obviously a bad idea that it doesn't need an explanation. But now that my co-worker does not believe that it is a bad idea, I realised that I have no arguments against it. So, what are the arguments for this view?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5709" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T19:24:55.527" Title="Is it OK to use the classes under test to initialize the database for the tests?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3729" CreationDate="2013-07-31T14:37:04.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No matter what you decide, staggering code and test sprints is ALWAYS a bad idea. You double your delivery lead time (at least), reduce collaboration, increase management complexity, lose velocity stability, and incur more bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5745" LastActivityDate="2013-07-31T14:37:04.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6522" CreationDate="2013-07-31T14:45:20.387" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Rumi P.  It sounds like you have a bootstrap problem rather than a chicken-and-egg problem.  There is nothing intrinsically wrong with using software under test to create your test data, especially if it lets you write and maintain tests more easily.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course if you don't implicitly trust your Linq classes, you should test them.  One way to test the Linq classes would be to write the data using Linq and then read the data using some other means (e.g. hard-coded SQL), and vice versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Edit)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an underlying testing principle here that I did not bother to articulate, so here it is:  &lt;strong&gt;if your system under test communicates with the outside world (e.g. a database or a network connection), and you only test the system using its own operations, all you have verified is that the system is consistent with itself&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example.  Let's say you want to test a class that reads and writes files.  It has two operations: &lt;code&gt;readFile&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;writeFile&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;code&gt;readFile&lt;/code&gt; takes a filename and returns an array of bytes representing the file contents.  &lt;code&gt;writeFile&lt;/code&gt; takes a filename and an array of bytes and creates that file.  Now, one way to test this would be to fill up an array of bytes, write to a file using &lt;code&gt;writeFile&lt;/code&gt;, read the file back using &lt;code&gt;readFile&lt;/code&gt;, and verify that the outgoing array is equal to the incoming array.  Certainly, if that test fails, you have a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider this implementation of &lt;code&gt;readFile&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;writeFile&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function writeFile(filename,byteArray):&#xA;    //... write byteArray to file /home/bob/test.txt&#xA;    return&#xA;&#xA;function readFile(filename):&#xA;    byteArray = contents of file /home/bob/test.txt&#xA;    return byteArray&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;readFile&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;writeFile&lt;/code&gt; allegedly communicate with an external system -- in this case, the file system -- but can be implemented in such a way that you cannot verify that fact using the system under test's operations.  The system is consistent with itself but is not consistent with the outside world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you can infer how this relates your question (and my answer) about the Linq classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T19:24:55.527" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T19:24:55.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6526" CreationDate="2013-07-31T20:21:02.927" Score="6" ViewCount="469" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many developers work as freelancer, developing a project on request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a similar career path for SDET? I would like to work in a similar independent way, e.g., by automating tests per project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is something like that, where can I learn more about such career path and related experiences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T08:57:29.887" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T08:57:29.887" Title="SDET working as freelancer?" Tags="&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6525" CreationDate="2013-08-01T00:23:04.130" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is certainly possible, but it might be easier as a contractor, with a company helping you line up projects. I got started in QA working for a company that did this very thing, lining up contracts with clients for test work, then finding Automation or Manual resources to complete the contracts. Some of the projects were short (just a couple of weeks) to some that exceeded 18 months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know you're asking about freelance, but it certainly shows that companies are willing to hire automation resources on a project by project basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: I just did a search on &quot;SDET&quot; and &quot;freelance&quot;. Several sites came up, donanza, elance, and freelanced (not linking as I know nothing about any of them). They seem to be sites for freelance developers to find projects, but also contain postings for SDET projects.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2606" LastEditorUserId="2606" LastEditDate="2013-08-01T14:05:20.733" LastActivityDate="2013-08-01T14:05:20.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6480" CreationDate="2013-08-01T06:46:25.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many of the current answers are possible. If the company is commited to using bonus KPIs that are related to bug count, it would be possible to create another layer  to this concept. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like social scoring/votes for every bug entry a particular engineer makes. The best way to quantify the value of a bug entry in terms of what it actually is (severity let's say) and when this bug entry occurs (it comes at a very early stage rather than arbitrarily at the end of a development/project cycle or release).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Social scoring can pretty much follow the same model as Stack Exchange where different people can vote up or down any given bug entry. This allows more stakeholders to have a say and there are numbers (votes) that can be used for KPI records.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5750" LastActivityDate="2013-08-01T06:46:25.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6529" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-02T01:06:46.090" Score="0" ViewCount="518" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote a few selenium test cases for testing a web application and then integrated the testcases using ANT build automation tool using build.xml. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output comes to the reports folder, but how can I see the results for all the testcases that I wrote? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;         &#xA;        &#xA;        &#xA;         &#xA;        &#xA;         &#xA;        &#xA;         &#xA;    &#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5760" LastEditorUserId="5760" LastEditDate="2013-08-02T19:15:25.020" LastActivityDate="2014-03-01T21:46:00.767" Title="After writing selenium test cases and integrating them with ANT, where can i see the results?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6522" CreationDate="2013-08-02T11:49:07.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As @user246 says, there's nothing intrinsically wrong with using your application under test to generate your test data - although you probably do want to have tests that validate the data you generate that way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While you technically don't need to have test data reflecting real usage conditions there are times and cases where this is a good thing. Some of the factors you might want to consider are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application is going to use more or less the same data for all users, you probably want your test data to reflect real usage conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have a large number of configuration settings that can dramatically change the behavior of any part of the application, you want your test data to reflect as many of the possible configurations as you can reasonably contain in a single data source - to use the example I've got years of familiarity with, an application that can be used in any of multiple countries has to support all the tax scenarios used in any of those countries, so the test data has at least one product of each type configured with each potential tax scenario rather than reflecting typical customer data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need to validate calculations, it helps to use starting values that make the calculations easier to validate by hand when you're generating your data - in the tax example above, the test data typically used a base price of $10 for each product or multiples of that because it's a whole lot easier to validate tax calculations when you're starting with a whole number. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use the application to generate the data, it helps to have a separate validation test that does a table-crawl and checks all the non-dynamic fields (you don't want to be validating timestamps against a static baseline)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always with this kind of thing, there isn't a &quot;right&quot; or &quot;best&quot; answer - the one that works for you and your fellow team members is fine, and can be refined as you find shortcomings with it. No matter how well you plan out your tests, you will find things you missed, so as long as you have a decent starting point, you'll be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly the biggest thing you want to look at is what, precisely, you're testing with the way you're doing things. As a general rule, you don't want to spend a lot of time on something that isn't your target - if you can get to your target faster and with less effort by taking shortcuts, take shortcuts (for example, if you're testing that importing data from an excel spreadsheet functions as intended, it makes more sense to use a static spreadsheet in a known location than to generate the spreadsheet in your tests - you don't need to test programmatically creating a spreadsheet, you only need to test the import).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T11:49:07.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6493" CreationDate="2013-08-02T13:50:28.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like the idea of having developpers responsible for the quality of the code they produce, and, as a consequence, responsible to sw-develop automated tests that will proove their code. &#xA;And when I say &quot;responsible&quot;, I really mean it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am fed up with poor quality code. &#xA;Test stages that need sw development should be part of dev team.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1585" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T13:50:28.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6529" CreationDate="2013-08-02T15:40:20.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something like this perhaps in your build.xml ?  I haven't tried this but I assume &quot;frames&quot; means HTML frames output?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;test-reports&quot; depends=&quot;test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;junitreport tofile=&quot;TESTS-TestSuites.xml&quot; todir=&quot;${junit.output.dir}/reports&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${junit.output.dir}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include name=&quot;**/reports/*TEST-*.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;report format=&quot;frames&quot; todir=&quot;${junit.output.dir}/reports&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/junitreport&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think Maven or Gradle is a better way to do it than Ant but then again I haven't used Ant and so perhaps I cannot judge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T15:40:20.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6091" CreationDate="2013-08-02T21:43:23.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about fast failing vs fault tolerant?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fast failing system will frequently check for failures and fail when encountering them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fault tolerant system will experience them but continue to operate with a possible degradation in performance. Struggline with misbehaviors as you've described it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-fast&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-fast&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault-tolerant_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault-tolerant_system&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-03T05:14:01.237" LastActivityDate="2013-08-03T05:14:01.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3815" CreationDate="2013-08-02T22:00:11.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past I've run into a similar issue. On windows I just wrote something in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; to take over after selenium verified the download was available and downloaded it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a similar question for something similar to AutoIt with some promising answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3485254/equivalent-of-autoit-for-mac-os-x&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3485254/equivalent-of-autoit-for-mac-os-x&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it gets you what you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-08-02T22:00:11.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6529" CreationDate="2013-08-03T19:04:38.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There must be an &lt;code&gt;Index.html&lt;/code&gt; file in the result directory. After execution you can see the execution result in that file. Open the file in any of the available browser, or refresh that if already opened. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using xslt reporting, you can get the result in index.html file of &lt;code&gt;test-output&lt;/code&gt; directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5773" LastActivityDate="2013-08-03T19:04:38.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6397" CreationDate="2013-08-03T19:28:31.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have basically two questions, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For first I am agree with &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/6417/5773&quot;&gt;Talktokets answer.&lt;/a&gt;. For safety, you can use waitForElementPresent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For second, yes you can use the exported java code. For beginners it will be fruitfull.  After sometime, you can learn to edit/modify these codes according to your use, and then you can write such codes by your own efficiently. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5773" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-08-03T19:28:31.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6349" CreationDate="2013-08-03T20:22:51.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/web-developer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web Developer&lt;/a&gt;, which is an Add-on of firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After installation, perform following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on Miscellaneous and select &lt;code&gt;Display Line Guides&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on &lt;code&gt;Add Horizontal Line Guide&lt;/code&gt; button to add the horizontal line to get the Y Coordinate of Element and Click on &lt;code&gt;Add Vertical Line Guide&lt;/code&gt; button to add Vertical line to get the X coordinate of Element&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;scroll horizontal/vertical line such that the element's position comes to the intersection of the lines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select Lines to see the coordinates just right to the &lt;code&gt;Add Vertical Line Guide&lt;/code&gt; button&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5773" LastActivityDate="2013-08-03T20:22:51.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2013-08-04T21:44:53.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;With long term projects (2 to 3 years already completed) and if there are 100's of old test cases, we are doing the following for 'Master' Regression and Iteration Regression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Master Regression - would be a big set of test folders with merged test cases under each functonality and the new functionality or changed functionality will update existing test cases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ITERATION Regression - After every iteration ends, we are doing a manual regression of the stories/test cases in the next iteration. We test all the functionality of the previous iterations. In the upcoming iterations we do the iteration + 1 testing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that this involves more effort every iteration, however, with projects that have releases every 2 months or so, and if there are only 3 iterations for dev/testing, then I find this kind of approach is recommended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, we use the 4th iteration as a regression one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5778" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-08-05T11:32:22.520" LastActivityDate="2013-08-05T11:32:22.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6553" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6556" CreationDate="2013-08-05T15:39:41.483" Score="2" ViewCount="3044" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently have a large number of circumstances where I need to verify that a page (along with all of its elements) are displaying correctly. The isDisplayed() method of WebElement appears to be a logical way to do this, however I would like to understand precisely what this method is doing to determine whether or not an element &quot;is displayed&quot;. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/index.html?overview-summary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;javadoc&lt;/a&gt; does not shed any light on the inner workings of the method and other information on the web appears to be sparse at best. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone could provide a detailed description of how this method works, I would be very grateful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5782" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T10:59:48.227" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T10:59:48.227" Title="Can someone provide a detailed description of how the Selenium WebDriver isDisplayed() method works?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1933" CreationDate="2013-08-05T15:49:18.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can launch each of your test jobs as a separate job with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins CI&lt;/a&gt; server.   Jenkins can render a HTML report for each of your JUnit .xml test results that are generated.  I'd say that is the quickest/easiest way to do it.   Obviously, if you are using &lt;a href=&quot;http://pytest.org/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Py.Test&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nose-devs/nose&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nose&lt;/a&gt;, you will get this sort of output.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't use that method , then you need to code something with the framework you are using, or with the build tool you are using (Gradle, Ant, or Maven).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2013-08-19T18:48:52.900" LastActivityDate="2013-08-19T18:48:52.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6553" CreationDate="2013-08-05T18:12:26.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work with the python binding, but the underlined behavior should be the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functionally&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It would check if the webelement is hidden or not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It may check if the coordinates of the webelement are within the visible range of the user's browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I found for python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/py/_modules/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.html#WebElement.is_displayed&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;code&lt;/a&gt; for is_displayed() executes Command.IS_ELEMENT_DISPLAYED, which maps to isElementDisplayed in the command.Command class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further taking a look &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol#Commands&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, isElementDisplayed is executed.  But that's where I hit the wall - it executes isElementDisplayed() from which framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-08-05T18:12:26.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6553" CreationDate="2013-08-05T20:08:49.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mr. Spice, welcome to SQA.  The algorithm is a little bit complicated, and I have never seen a complete explanation in written form.  You need to take into account the element type; &lt;code&gt;hidden&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;visibility&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;display&lt;/code&gt; attributes; opacity; dimensions;  whether the element is hidden by overflow; the element's (x,y) position after applying coordinate transformations; and potentially some/all of those properties for ancestor elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an excerpt from the Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/javascript/atoms/dom.js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source code&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * Determines whether an element is what a user would call &quot;shown&quot;. This means&#xA; * that the element is shown in the viewport of the browser, and only has&#xA; * height and width greater than 0px, and that its visibility is not &quot;hidden&quot;&#xA; * and its display property is not &quot;none&quot;.&#xA; * Options and Optgroup elements are treated as special cases: they are&#xA; * considered shown iff they have a enclosing select element that is shown.&#xA; *&#xA; * @param {!Element} elem The element to consider.&#xA; * @param {boolean=} opt_ignoreOpacity Whether to ignore the element's opacity&#xA; *     when determining whether it is shown; defaults to false.&#xA; * @return {boolean} Whether or not the element is visible.&#xA; */&#xA;bot.dom.isShown = function(elem, opt_ignoreOpacity) {&#xA;  if (!bot.dom.isElement(elem)) {&#xA;    throw new Error('Argument to isShown must be of type Element');&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Option or optgroup is shown iff enclosing select is shown (ignoring the&#xA;  // select's opacity).&#xA;  if (bot.dom.isElement(elem, goog.dom.TagName.OPTION) ||&#xA;      bot.dom.isElement(elem, goog.dom.TagName.OPTGROUP)) {&#xA;    var select = /**@type {Element}*/ (goog.dom.getAncestor(elem, function(e) {&#xA;      return bot.dom.isElement(e, goog.dom.TagName.SELECT);&#xA;    }));&#xA;    return !!select &amp;amp;&amp;amp; bot.dom.isShown(select, /*ignoreOpacity=*/true);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Image map elements are shown if image that uses it is shown, and&#xA;  // the area of the element is positive.&#xA;  var imageMap = bot.dom.maybeFindImageMap_(elem);&#xA;  if (imageMap) {&#xA;    return !!imageMap.image &amp;amp;&amp;amp;&#xA;           imageMap.rect.width &amp;gt; 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; imageMap.rect.height &amp;gt; 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp;&#xA;           bot.dom.isShown(imageMap.image, opt_ignoreOpacity);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Any hidden input is not shown.&#xA;  if (bot.dom.isElement(elem, goog.dom.TagName.INPUT) &amp;amp;&amp;amp;&#xA;      elem.type.toLowerCase() == 'hidden') {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Any NOSCRIPT element is not shown.&#xA;  if (bot.dom.isElement(elem, goog.dom.TagName.NOSCRIPT)) {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Any element with hidden visibility is not shown.&#xA;  if (bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(elem, 'visibility') == 'hidden') {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Any element with a display style equal to 'none' or that has an ancestor&#xA;  // with display style equal to 'none' is not shown.&#xA;  function displayed(e) {&#xA;    if (bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(e, 'display') == 'none') {&#xA;      return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;    var parent = bot.dom.getParentElement(e);&#xA;    return !parent || displayed(parent);&#xA;  }&#xA;  if (!displayed(elem)) {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Any transparent element is not shown.&#xA;  if (!opt_ignoreOpacity &amp;amp;&amp;amp; bot.dom.getOpacity(elem) == 0) {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Any element without positive size dimensions is not shown.&#xA;  function positiveSize(e) {&#xA;    var rect = bot.dom.getClientRect(e);&#xA;    if (rect.height &amp;gt; 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; rect.width &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;      return true;&#xA;    }&#xA;    // A vertical or horizontal SVG Path element will report zero width or&#xA;    // height but is &quot;shown&quot; if it has a positive stroke-width.&#xA;    if (bot.dom.isElement(e, 'PATH') &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (rect.height &amp;gt; 0 || rect.width &amp;gt; 0)) {&#xA;      var strokeWidth = bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(e, 'stroke-width');&#xA;      return !!strokeWidth &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (parseInt(strokeWidth, 10) &amp;gt; 0);&#xA;    }&#xA;    // Zero-sized elements should still be considered to have positive size&#xA;    // if they have a child element or text node with positive size, unless&#xA;    // the element has an 'overflow' style of 'hidden'.&#xA;    return bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(e, 'overflow') != 'hidden' &amp;amp;&amp;amp;&#xA;        goog.array.some(e.childNodes, function(n) {&#xA;          return n.nodeType == goog.dom.NodeType.TEXT ||&#xA;                 (bot.dom.isElement(n) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; positiveSize(n));&#xA;        });&#xA;  }&#xA;  if (!positiveSize(elem)) {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // Elements that are hidden by overflow are not shown.&#xA;  if (bot.dom.getOverflowState(elem) == bot.dom.OverflowState.HIDDEN) {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  function isTransformHiding(e) {&#xA;    var transform = bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(e, '-o-transform') ||&#xA;                    bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(e, '-webkit-transform') ||&#xA;                    bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(e, '-ms-transform') ||&#xA;                    bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(e, '-moz-transform') ||&#xA;                    bot.dom.getEffectiveStyle(e, 'transform');&#xA;&#xA;    // Not all browsers know what a transform is so if we have a returned value&#xA;    // lets carry on checking up the tree just in case. If we ask for the&#xA;    // transform matrix and look at the details there it will return the centre&#xA;    // of the element&#xA;    if (transform &amp;amp;&amp;amp; transform !== &quot;none&quot;) {&#xA;      var locOfElement = goog.style.getClientPosition(e);&#xA;      var rect = bot.dom.getClientRect(e);&#xA;      if ((locOfElement.x + (rect.width)) &amp;gt;= 0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp;&#xA;          (locOfElement.y + (rect.height)) &amp;gt;= 0){&#xA;        return true;&#xA;      } else {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;      }&#xA;    } else {&#xA;      var parent = bot.dom.getParentElement(e);&#xA;      return !parent || isTransformHiding(parent);&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;  return isTransformHiding(elem);&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-08-05T20:08:49.717" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6557" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-05T23:40:40.523" Score="0" ViewCount="450" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've inherited a collection of desktop applications that currently have (for all intents) no automated test coverage.  Generally speaking, these applications are typically deployed as a suite, installed on different machines, and communicate via a complex, undocumented, and proprietary protocol.  They also communicate with vendors via socket or serial to send/receive data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to introduce automated integration testing for these applications, but haven't found many tools that advertise this feature.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestComplete&lt;/a&gt; offers what they call &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/articles/testcomplete/distributed-testing-tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;distributed testing&lt;/a&gt;,&quot; but after using it in a free trial I'm not real impressed with how it works.  It just doesn't seem to have this use case in mind.  I'm still working with SmartBear to see if there's something that can simplify what I'm trying to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question:&lt;/strong&gt; can anyone recommend a tool for testing a suite of applications across multiple machines, assuming that a test on one machine might require an action on another machine?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize I should test in isolation and simulate/mock the other machines, but the communications between the machines is complicated enough that it's a bit of a non-starter for me.  I can revisit this if there aren't any great tools for doing this, but it no longer becomes a good integration test in my eyes.  I do intend to simulate the vendors' data feeds since they are generally simple and there's no other option since we don't have their software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5783" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T10:59:02.897" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T17:18:27.423" Title="Can anyone recommend a tool for integration tests for multi-machine system?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6558" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-08-06T01:16:06.530" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T01:16:06.530" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T01:16:06.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6559" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-08-06T01:16:06.530" Score="0" Body="Change management product for submitting and tracking bugs/defects/enhancement requests." OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T02:54:40.787" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T02:54:40.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6560" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-08-06T01:18:00.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all spreadsheets, using a grid of cells arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns to organize data manipulations like arithmetic operations. It has a battery of supplied functions to answer statistical, engineering and financial needs. In addition, it can display data as line graphs, histograms and charts, and with a very limited three-dimensional graphical display. It allows sectioning of data to view its dependencies on various factors for different perspectives (using pivot tables and the scenario manager).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has a programming aspect, Visual Basic for Applications, allowing the user to employ a wide variety of numerical methods, for example, for solving differential equations of mathematical physics and then reporting the results back to the spreadsheet. It also has a variety of interactive features allowing user interfaces that can completely hide the spreadsheet from the user, so the spreadsheet presents itself as a so-called application, or decision support system (DSS), via a custom-designed user interface, for example, a stock analyzer,or in general, as a design tool that asks the user questions and provides answers and reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a more elaborate realization, an Excel application can automatically poll external databases and measuring instruments using an update schedule, analyze the results, make a Word report or PowerPoint slide show, and e-mail these presentations on a regular basis to a list of participants. Excel was not designed to be used as a database.&#xA;For more details &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Click here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T03:00:56.143" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T03:00:56.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6561" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-08-06T01:18:00.087" Score="0" Body="Spreadsheet and data analysis software from Microsoft.&#xD;&#xA;Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all spreadsheets, using a grid of cells arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns to organize data manipulations like arithmetic operations." OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T03:00:52.967" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T03:00:52.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-06T10:11:45.883" Score="1" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;HTML rendering, Javascript and AJAX plays an important role in the development of modern web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How significant is JavaScript when designing test cases for a website that uses it? What issues are likely to occur for sites using AJAX? What are some typical issues that I should write test cases for ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5785" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-08-06T10:53:13.590" LastActivityDate="2020-06-04T08:46:44.363" Title="What are some typical javascript, HTML and AJAX issues that I should write test cases for?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-08-06T10:53:13.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6557" CreationDate="2013-08-06T12:09:44.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not aware of a tool that's capable of doing this across multiple machines. I agree with you that TestComplete's capabilities in this regard are less than ideal. The master-slave setup is fragile at best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I used to do in my previous job (with TestComplete) for a similar kind of situation was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As many of the applications as possible went on one machine. The configuration was more complex as they were designed to operate on different systems, but it could be managed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wherever possible, communication that involved a common database was tested by checking the database rather than by multiple applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If multiple machines were necessary, we used the SysInternals tools to invoke the required applications on the other system and treated them as 'dumb' for the purposes of the test: data would be sent and the returned data captured but no attempt made to monitor the remote application. After the test completed the remote application's log would be inspected for errors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where possible, communication would be sent directly to the target application via the API rather than invoked from a different application. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We chose those methods because the more moving parts you have to hook together for a test, the more points of failure you've got. The few times we used TestComplete for this, we found we had more false positives than actual bugs caught, where the API-based and single-machine setups typically caught any regressions in the communications between applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this isn't the answer you're looking for, but it is a potential solution to your issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The protocol for communications between your applications isn't &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; undocumented - the code is the only documentation there is. You could build your own documentation via code inspection, port sniffing to capture the traffic between applications, any logging of messages sent/received and so forth, and use that information to generate an API-based test (which would be preferable in this situation - fewer possible points of failure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T12:09:44.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6563" CreationDate="2013-08-06T12:32:07.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Possibly the biggest one from my perspective would be the data validation: most modern web applications are pulling data from some kind of data source and rendering it, then interacting and modifying the data based on user interaction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JavaScript, and particularly JavaScript/AJAX, can make finding web controls &quot;interesting&quot;, since the page itself can be redrawn based on the data received. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the issues to look for are behavior in different browsers, including different versions of IE, graceful fallback when JavaScript is disabled (particularly important for consumer-based applications - at minimum there should be a prominent warning that the application must have JavaScript enabled if the site detects that no JavaScript is available (I personally dislike this and enable script only if I absolutely must have it)), some kind of clear and obvious indicator when the site is processing data (complete with a warning to the user NOT to use the refresh button - this is particularly important if you're dealing with a site that takes payments).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said initially, with a site that deals with data and stores it in a database, you should always start from a known data state (by restoring a backup of a known database into the web application database) and validate that the state of the data when your tests finish is what you expect. You can do this either on a per-transaction basis (which gives a more granular flow and isn't affected as much by a transaction failure earlier in the run, but is much more complex to implement) or at the end of the test run as a single baseline comparison (if an early test fails to complete, you will get a lot of comparison errors due to the number of transactions differing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't start from a known data state, the best you can do is per-transaction checking to ensure that the data you enter through your tests is correctly saved to the database. Either way, you will need to know the structure of your database and how that relates to the data on the screen (which can be quite different).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T12:32:07.767" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-08-06T12:32:07.767" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6557" CreationDate="2013-08-06T17:18:27.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer to stay free of certain tools and rely more on the programming language.  I feel the BDD style does a pretty good job of driving the tests and documenting.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work on a system that spans across multiple daemons, and we are currently working on building black box acceptance tests.  We are using python as the core programming language with lettuce as the BDD framework - documentation for lettuce &lt;a href=&quot;http://lettuce.it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  All the major programming languages have a library or a package built up to support BDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will be able to document your features (behavior/requirements) with your features files; and all the test work can be handled by the programming language.  The normal UI testing can be handled with the likes of selenium, watir, etc.  You can mock out any external dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you are building black box acceptance tests, your tests shouldn't worry about where the actual applications are running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-08-06T17:18:27.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6568" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-07T06:56:30.927" Score="4" ViewCount="229" Body="&lt;p&gt;While trying to find the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8861618/basic-block-coverage-whats-the-precise-definition&quot;&gt;block coverage&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;http://emma.sourceforge.net/faq.html#q.blockcoverage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Emma&lt;/a&gt;, I came across this&#xA;curious observation. See the method below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public double getBalance()&#xA;{&#xA;     return this.balance;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The coverage summary from Emma says that it has 3 blocks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;COVERAGE SUMMARY FOR SOURCE FILE [BankAccount.java]&#xA;&#xA;          name         class, %     method, %      block, %        line, %&#xA;   BankAccount.java   100% (1/1)  82%  (14/17)  61%  (152/250)  71%  (45/63)&#xA;&#xA;  COVERAGE BREAKDOWN BY CLASS AND METHOD&#xA;&#xA;                name              class, % method, %    block, %    line, %&#xA;&#xA;   class [4]BankAccount           100%     82%        61%          71%&#xA;                                  (1/1)    (14/17)    (152/250)    (45/63)&#xA;                                  ...&#xA;   [13]getBalance (): double               100% (1/1) 100% (3/3)   100% (1/1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how this method has three blocks unless it was counting&#xA;the jvm byte codes, and outputting the total number of byte codes as the&#xA;number of blocks. Given below is the dis-assembly for comparison&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public double getBalance();&#xA;  Code:&#xA;   Stack=2, Locals=1, Args_size=1&#xA;   0: aload_0&#xA;   1: getfield  #8; //Field balance:D&#xA;   4: dreturn&#xA;  LineNumberTable: &#xA;   line 99: 0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to hold true for other methods too. Is my finding correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void addTransaction(double amount)&#xA;{&#xA;     this.transactions.add(amount);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;----------------&#xA;[10]addTransaction (double):            100% (1/1) 100% (7/7)   100% (2/2)&#xA;----------------&#xA;&#xA;public void addTransaction(double);&#xA;  Code:&#xA;   Stack=3, Locals=3, Args_size=2&#xA;   0:   aload_0&#xA;   1:   getfield        #6; //Field transactions:Ljava/util/ArrayList;&#xA;   4:   dload_1&#xA;   5:   invokestatic    #24; //Method java/lang/Double.valueOf:(D)Ljava/lang/Double;&#xA;   8:   invokevirtual   #25; //Method java/util/ArrayList.add:(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z&#xA;   11:  pop&#xA;   12:  return&#xA;  LineNumberTable:&#xA;   line 186: 0&#xA;   line 187: 12&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does not seem to match with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://emma.sourceforge.net/faq.html#q.blockcoverage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;description of block coverage in&#xA;the Emma Faq&lt;/a&gt;, which suggests that a block is a sequence of instructions without a jump. Am I going wrong some where?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5793" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T04:18:28.430" Title="Does Emma provide true block coverage?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6569" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-07T07:18:57.463" Score="8" ViewCount="1865" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in the process of updating document templates for a customer. Part of the documentation template stack are the usual QA items: Requirements (RS), Architecture (ADD), Test Plan (TP) and Test Report (TR).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These templates are all manually written Microsoft Word documents (this is a requirement. A management system like EA has not been widely accepted).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone found an efficient (low risk of copy&amp;amp;paste errors, preserving IDs between documents, etc) way of using Word 2010 features to allow document item cross-referencing?&#xA;&lt;em&gt;(only within a single document - I'm not even dreaming of inter-document linking yet)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I could create a requirement as a &quot;figure&quot;, and I insert a caption, I get automatic generation of number and title, which can be referenced later (I can cross-reference either the caption number or the caption title, as required). A built-in bonus is that the &quot;List of figures&quot; automatically lists the defined figures (ID and caption).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I'm having to create individual bookmarks - 1 for ID (&lt;strong&gt;SRS-O-001&lt;/strong&gt;) and 1 for title (&lt;strong&gt;No blue M&amp;amp;Ms allowed&lt;/strong&gt;), and take care to reference the appropriate bookmark elsewhere in the document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I use section level (e.g. &lt;strong&gt;3.3.1 No blue M&amp;amp;M's&lt;/strong&gt;) it places an artificial constraint on the document layout (code-smell).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found that these bookmark definitions can be copied from document to document (e.g. RS to ADD) where they can be referenced again (of course, they have to manually maintained during specification change cycles).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Update&lt;/em&gt;: It seems like the customer will accept VBA macro code to parse a Word style and generate a table. This opens up the possibility of keeping the requirements and tests (etc) in a database or spreadsheet, and dynamically adding content to the Word documents...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4788" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-02-24T02:25:09.123" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T02:54:01.880" Title="Any tricks to using Microsoft Word to build cross-referenceable requirements statements in test plan documentation?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6571" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-07T15:39:59.637" Score="5" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a software system that forces users to take action on their data every 60 or 180 days. The users get notified when the due date is approaching or if they have missed one. These users can also request an extension to the due date. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can't test this in real time because the durations are just too long. Right now I am struggling with how to test this system within a several week test cycle. I can think of two ways to handle this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have the system trigger action requests every two or three days instead of 60 or 180. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Become friendly with a system administrator who will change the server clock for me when I need it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other approaches to testing this type of scenario? I realize that this isn't a new problem so I want to learn about how others have have handled it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5794" LastActivityDate="2013-08-07T19:11:35.240" Title="Testing a system with scheduled, event-driven data changes" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6571" CreationDate="2013-08-07T17:30:54.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most systems in test mode can be configured extensively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to find a way to configure this system-under-test to trigger the action requests on demand (and thus under your control).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failing that, configure the system to trigger action requests on a short duration of your choosing (1 hour? 1 day?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this system under your control for testing purposes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-08-07T17:30:54.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6576" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-07T17:36:24.040" Score="3" ViewCount="1240" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if anyone here has experience with Ranorex, but I've got a very large suite of tests. They are testing web services with fairly long processes and the full set of tests takes a little over 7 hours. The tests could be run concurrently (none are dependent upon each other), but I'm not sure if there is any way to set it to run multiple tests at a time. Has anyone had any experience doing this in Ranorex?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T04:23:21.570" Title="Threading Tests in Ranorex" Tags="&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6571" CreationDate="2013-08-07T19:11:35.240" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key challenge is getting control of either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the thing that triggers action requests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the clock by which the system determines what time it is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other answers (and your question) have already mentioned the first possibility, so I'll focus on the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I design systems like this, I try to arrange for the clock to be substitutable. For the production system, I use the system clock. For tests, I allow the tests to supply a clock that they can control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that a possibility for you?  If the system is not designed with a substitutable clock, consider asking for that. This is, admittedly, a huge favor to ask from developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-08-07T19:11:35.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="218" CreationDate="2013-08-08T13:20:16.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the points above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things that I faced in my projects and that we need to consider are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The experience that QA and DEV teams have, in the field, with the technology, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify the risks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be clear on what will be tested and what will not be tested, otherwise, people can assume that some features have been tested, and in the last minute the team has to do extra work in order to verify the features that were not tested early in the game&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, during the estimations need to consider the worst-case if it is possible (if issues are found if it is needed to do researches in order to understand the feature, the possibility of having some blockers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5801" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:19:40.357" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:19:40.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6581" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-08T15:10:02.310" Score="5" ViewCount="584" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have installed &lt;strong&gt;selenium-server-standalone-2.33.0.jar&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;phpUnit&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;selenium extension for phpUnit&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This test runs ok:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;url('/');&#xA;$this-&amp;gt;assertEquals('my title',$this-&amp;gt;title());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I try to use &lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;byClassName('sideNav');&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Uncaught exception 'BadMethodCallException' with the message 'The command http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub/session/b527030f-a368-4845-b50c-2889910da917 is not recognized by the server.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can be the reason?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5802" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T12:11:26.407" LastActivityDate="2019-12-26T03:03:20.617" Title="PHPUnit Selenium-2 Test Case BadMethodCallException" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6582" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-08T15:16:25.380" Score="1" ViewCount="1250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use FireFox's built-in javascript PDF viewer with WebDriver so I can access the DOM of a PDF. However, FireFox has an Adobe plugin which takes over and displays the PDF. Whatever preferences I set in &lt;code&gt;about:config&lt;/code&gt; don't help. I've tried various preferences, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;,&quot;application/pdf,application/zip&quot;);&#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;plugin.disable_full_page_plugin_for_types&quot;,&quot;application/pdf&quot;);&#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;extensions.autoDisableScopes&quot;, 0);&#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;pdfjs.disabled&quot;, false);&#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;pdfjs.firstRun&quot;, false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But whatever combination I use either kills the Adobe plugin &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; pdfjs or gives me a popup asking where to save the PDF. If I manually disable the Adobe plugin, the javascript viewer takes over&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I disable the Adobe plugin, but keep FireFox's javascript PDF enabled and access the DOM of the PDF?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5569" LastActivityDate="2014-01-22T12:32:06.683" Title="Access the DOM of a PDF using WebDriver and FireFox's built-in PDF viewer" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9730" CreationDate="2013-08-08T15:34:07.107" Score="1" ViewCount="9467" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now that Jmeter has a webdriver sampler, is there anything that regular selenium can do to test a UI, that Jmeter still can't?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I use Selenium in Java to do things like getting html attributes of an element &lt;code&gt;element.getAttribute(&quot;title&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and waiting for conditions up to a maximum time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; customWait = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver)&#xA;           .withTimeout(15L, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;           .pollingEvery(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;           .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;switching between windows, and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen some example code for the Webdriver sampler here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverSampler/?utm_source=jpgc&amp;amp;utm_medium=link&amp;amp;utm_campaign=WebDriverSampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverSampler/?utm_source=jpgc&amp;amp;utm_medium=link&amp;amp;utm_campaign=WebDriverSampler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it doesn't show how to accomplish tasks like the above - only how to send keys and click on elements.I can't find any documentation online regarding how to use the Webdriver sample to accomplish tasks like the above and others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to do these using Jmeter's webdriver sampler?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides these examples, what are other things you can do in Selenium, which Jmeter's webdriver sampler can't yet do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5289" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T17:58:04.297" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T12:05:00.573" Title="Jmeter's WebDriver Sampler VS. Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6583" CreationDate="2013-08-08T16:24:01.533" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine a jackhammer with a Phillips-head screwdriver welded onto the handle.  You could, in theory, use this modified jackhammer for screwing things together, but you probably wouldn't want to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter is a tool for performance testing.  Selenium is a tool for functional testing.  I talk about the differences between the two kinds of testing &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5389/looking-for-open-source-java-based-tool-for-performance-testing/5390#5390&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-08-08T16:24:01.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6585" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6587" CreationDate="2013-08-08T17:36:34.227" Score="5" ViewCount="500" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently estimating QA efforts for huge enterprise web portal (about 5k+ hrs DEV efforts / 1.5k hrs QA), based on Liferay / Alfresco platforms / solutions. One of the requirements - &lt;strong&gt;3 interface languages&lt;/strong&gt; user may switch from any page (place) of the solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question is that simple: is there any common practice to estimate localization testing as &lt;strong&gt;percentage&lt;/strong&gt; of overall functional testing efforts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following assumptions / aspects are actual as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2 of 3 languages are common and do not require any special skills for checking from QA team; the 3rd language is uncommon (however, not TOTALLY different, as e.g. English and Japanese). Any criteria for estimations relating that 3rd language, perhaps x2 / x3 efforts required for localization testing of common language?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which approach is better (or easier to explain) - %% based on overall functional testing efforts &lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt; based on the approximate number of separate web portal pages?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment the following makes sense for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5% of overall testing efforts (i.e. about &lt;strong&gt;75 hrs&lt;/strong&gt;) for common language localization testing;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Approx. 10-15%, i.e. about &lt;strong&gt;200 hrs&lt;/strong&gt; for UNcommon language localization testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record - web portal will have about 120-140 &lt;strong&gt;different types&lt;/strong&gt; of pages that should have localized elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions / help / ideas / approach (as best - based on real experience / cases) are highly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. no sample link available - it's requirements refining stage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-08-14T00:44:41.297" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T00:44:41.297" Title="Web Portal localization testing estimation as % of estimated functional testing efforts?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6585" CreationDate="2013-08-08T17:51:17.553" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, &lt;strong&gt;it depends&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the system is already sufficiently &lt;em&gt;internationalized&lt;/em&gt;, and other localizations have already been performed, then future localizations may be well-defined, documented efforts and their scope may be easily estimated based on past efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if the system isn't internationalized at all, then you may need to incur the overhead of that effort within your first localization task. Hence, it could take much, much longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the required accuracy of the translation effort and the domain over which it operates needs to be factored in. For example, it might be simple to test the translation a general-interest page from English to French (particularly when accuracy isn't vital), but it will be quite a bigger effort if the page is medical literature where the accuracy of each word in context might be of utmost importance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might help: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/internationalization-and-localization.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/internationalization-and-localization.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know of no magic formula which could express the &quot;localization testing&quot; as a percent of the &quot;overall testing&quot;. I can't imagine that there is such a general formula that could be useful across different applications/projects. What if the rest of the project turns out to be simple to test (perhaps because you have tested the English version hundreds of times before) - then your localization percentage must be higher. But what if you are using brand new technology as part of your localization effort - then the localization effort might be an insignificant subset of the overall testing project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be best served to analyze what is in front of you, take a guess at the first localization, use it as a pilot project, then estimate the remaining localization based on what you learn to that point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are forced to present a guesstimate using a percentage, try 10% for the &quot;common&quot; language, and 20% for the &quot;uncommon&quot; language, and hope for the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-08-08T20:03:08.530" LastActivityDate="2013-08-08T20:03:08.530" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6585" CreationDate="2013-08-08T20:28:08.037" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As well as &quot;what Joe said, in bulldozer-sized loads&quot;, I have a few pointers to add from experience with localization/translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To test internationalization - which will need to happen first - you'll want something that's really obvious so that in a test environment your team can go through every interaction in the system to check that everything that should be translated is translated. This alone in a sufficiently large system is extremely time-consuming because it won't be possible to simply go to each page - you'll need to perform the actions that will trigger each error message/information message/popup/etc. That should be happening before the actual translation is tested. The testing I did used a bogus language (consisting of random numbers) so it was really obvious if anything wasn't translated. You open the page and see words anywhere that's not pulled from the database, the internationalization hasn't been done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To test translation - this will depend on whether or not you have someone on hand who actually speaks the language. If you have a native speaker or bilingual tester, it will take about the same amount of time as internationalization, maybe a little more if the language takes a lot more space. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have a native speaker or bilingual tester on hand, figure extra time to check that the translation is actually more or less correct. The more technical the text they need to check, the more time they'll need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other caveats I've run into: you'll want to allow extra time on the development end for GUI modifications: English is one of the more concise languages around. Almost every other language requires more space to display a caption than the English equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the language is like Japanese, it requires much more memory per character. I ran into an issue where the Japanese localization of an application was overflowing buffers because the memory requirements of some 200 lines of kanji was about the same as the memory requirements of some 5000 lines of English (that particular application represented the kanji as images rather than via code pages). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-08T20:28:08.037" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6588" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-09T12:53:22.033" Score="8" ViewCount="95211" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run nearly 30-40 test cases twice a day. And everytime some test case fails due to page load time. Infact i have explicitly mentioned &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(&quot;2000&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; wherever i feel it takes more time to load. But still some 5-6 testCases fails. How can i make my selenium to wait until the page loads ?? And what would the below code do ?&#xA;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(4000, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/code&gt; &#xA;Will it wait for 4 seconds everytime or it sets the maximum  time limit to 4 secs . I even tried this but it really slowed my test execution. I need some help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5492" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T04:20:49.190" Title="Selenium test case fails due to page load time" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2013-08-09T14:04:28.573" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look at the Wait commands rather than sleep - a search on this site or Google will give you lots of examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-08-09T14:04:28.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2013-08-09T22:20:44.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company has the standard-issue (at least these days) automation buzzword stack of Maven, Selenium, Jenkins, blah-blah and so on. I use Sikuli. What it takes them a week to automate I automate in a couple hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli can automate things Selenium simply cannot, such as Flash or iPhone sims. Selenium can check if a video file is there, but Sikuli can play it and 'watch' it. I see, especially with web pages, Selenium automators constantly battling page loads with all kinds of wait-this-and-wait-that, leaving the script sitting there for long periods doing nothing and at other times failing out while a page is still loading. Sikuli has event handlers (onChange(), onVanish(), etc.) which if used with any cleverness will handle the tests dynamic to the connection simulated, literally waiting like a user for things to happen and then acting on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same with finding correct objects to test. A couple parameters passed into a loop and Sikuli will go 'find' the object to test just like a user, and likewise know when to give up. I see Selenium folks resorting to passing database hacks to find the same object - hardly an automated user-acceptance test!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Granted, to use the tool successfully Python skills are needed, but everyone knows Java or Ruby given they are the current buzzword-shiny things managers are chasing. And Python is nothing like those languages. And of course there is the risk of images changing - which is nowhere near as bad as you think (when iOS7 actually launches, I've got about a half-day of work updating images). But when used appropriately, my experience leads me to concluding Sikuli smokes Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5806" LastActivityDate="2013-08-09T22:20:44.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6591" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6593" CreationDate="2013-08-10T02:57:26.527" Score="11" ViewCount="5641" Body="&lt;p&gt;So currently at my company it is common practice to write test case high level steps before implementation. Myself and others find this to be a somewhat wasted effort. I often end up blowing away much of the steps when I write the final draft. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion the final draft is very quick to write once implemented. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question/problem to solve is, what can we better do with our time during this phase(pre-implementation)? What's a more constructive endeavor for this phase? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current suggestion is to map the use case and data/control flow of the requirement being tested. That way writing the test case should be simple later because time was spent understanding the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5807" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:44:45.637" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T06:41:26.380" Title="Writing test cases before implementation?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6592" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-10T03:35:15.383" Score="0" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;We need to test a web application coded in html and javascript. They decided to use Selenium webdriver + jbehave technology and I am not very familiar with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the most appropriate book I should acquire in order to get started with selenium webdriver + jbehave?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5681" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T03:04:37.153" Title="Which is the most appropriate book I should acquire in order to get started with selenium webdriver + jbehave?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6591" CreationDate="2013-08-10T06:50:52.690" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, first of all - congrats buddy, glad to know you work for customer / company with understanding that involving QA at early stages is definitely worth it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll reveal below several related points from my own experience of managing QA team (up to 10 FTE) involved in testing of fairly big project, where reqs page count was about 1000 pages and more, and business logic complicated enough so that typical project investigation for QA team newcomer took about 2-3 weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many customers do believe that investment in any kind of test documentation is a waste of efforts in any case: indeed, during these hours we do not test and do not reveal any bugs, so what's the profit? Consider the following before making your mind! (:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating test cases (or simply any kind of test documentation) at early project stages, like prototyping, reqs refinement, early DEV has one great advantage: at the very same time &lt;strong&gt;we test requirements&lt;/strong&gt;! Bugs are expected there sometimes even more often than in the application itself, but cost of their fixing at early stages is several hours of BA / analyst instead of hundreds of hours of DEV work later. In my case initial team of 3 QAs involved in test cases creation 2 months before the first build saw the sunlight was able to reveal more than 500 reqs issues of different severity: from incorrect warning messages to contradictions in business process. All of these were easily handled by team of 3 analysts - compare to 40+ DEV team at active stage of implementation and actual app testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the same time, I must admit that many of early test cases were blown away from final suites. In fact, from about 2.5k+ of overall test cases count created before the 1st build only about 1.5k were included in running suites. Was that really worth it? Well, in addition to the above point related to reqs testing, by the time of 1st tests QA team itself was familiar enough with the functionality so that &lt;strong&gt;testing efforts for the same tests at the very start were only about 20-25% higher than later&lt;/strong&gt;. Having in mind complexity of the system and unmovable project release dates (REALLY unmovable in our case!) any other approach was actually impossible, since for the team of any size project investigation would take the same 2-3 weeks. So, in our case that was the most important part of &lt;strong&gt;product investigation&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regarding test cases format and detail: sure thing creating detailed test cases at reqs refinement stage is not at all the best choice. In the described case we finally ended up with the following approach: at first short document with the &lt;strong&gt;high level description of test directions only&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g. &quot;&lt;code&gt;For the document submission form: personal info details integrity, attachments availability for download and printed form version are tested using this and that sets of test data&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. Such document, which we called &quot;&lt;code&gt;Test Design&lt;/code&gt;&quot; (our PM just liked that (: ) was then passed to analysts, who then crossed out, corrected and adjusted priorities for the described scenarios. Only after that stage (which took about &lt;strong&gt;10-15% of time comparing to detailed test cases creation&lt;/strong&gt;) such refined test approach was transformed to the detailed test cases. No doubts this is worth it when the logic is complex and project is huge. For me that looks just about the same as &quot;&lt;code&gt;My current suggestion is to map the use case and data/control flow of the requirement being tested.&lt;/code&gt;&quot; from the original question!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not neglect &lt;strong&gt;testing environment preparation&lt;/strong&gt; or at least planning at this stage: this will help to avoid surprises later and save hours and even days of precious time at release week (besides, for me that was THAT project where true understanding of &quot;&lt;code&gt;hour lost at project start is that very same hour you so terribly miss at release date&lt;/code&gt;&quot; came).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps the above is a bit broader than expected from the OP, but I hope some ideas will be helpful for anyone else. Sure thing actual approach at early stages with QA involvement depends on the project / team / complexity / release calendar, etc. - and therefore &quot;&lt;code&gt;test cases before the application&lt;/code&gt;&quot; approach is doubtful for projects of small size / simple logic, but for big projects these QA efforts will make a definite overall profit when planned wisely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastEditorUserId="4749" LastEditDate="2013-08-10T10:56:57.197" LastActivityDate="2013-08-10T10:56:57.197" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-10T08:14:49.717" Score="0" ViewCount="520" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been running performance tests on an asp.net mvc 4 application  using visual studio 2012 ultimate, the response and the pages per second have been quite high at least when I ran the performance tests with IIS express as the server, but I moved the application to IIS 8&#xA;and the pages per second have been very low, never exceeding 1.x even with very low numbers of virtual users. there any configuration changes I need to apply on IIS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output caching and Kernel model caching are enabled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5808" LastEditorUserId="5808" LastEditDate="2013-08-10T09:48:52.700" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T08:53:47.640" Title="Performance test IIS 8 response time very low, is there any configuration necessary?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6591" CreationDate="2013-08-10T10:37:41.127" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're absolutely right to feel that your time in the early stages is best spent &lt;em&gt;understanding the problem&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mapping the use cases and data/control flow of the requirement is one good way of building up that understanding, and in doing so, you are also testing those requirements as you will discover questions that you want to ask, gaps and ambiguities that need to be clarified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that you also step back from the requirements doc and spend time understanding what value the system under test is meant to provide. This can be surprisingly hard to uncover by simply looking at lists of requirements - you may need to follow up with business analysts, or other representatives of the business to understand the motivation behind the requirements. (You might find that the business isn't actually all that clear about what value they want, or that different stakeholders have wildly differing and contradictory views on that. Be diplomatic here, and bear in mind your company culture. In some companies you'll be thanked for uncovering this kind of problem, in others, not.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without understanding what value the system is meant to provide, however, you don't have any way of designing your tests so that they are most likely to reveal risks to that value. And that &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; what your testing is for, isn't it? Not just to unquestioningly confirm each requirement and go no further?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something else that I seek to do in early stages is to gain an understanding of the technology, especially if it's new to me. The depth I go to depends on the project - some require that I build up a reasonably good technical understanding in order to identify risks, others don't. I'm not just looking for risk though when I'm doing this - I'm often trying to understand what tools might be useful to me for exploring the system. Sometimes I write some of these tools ahead of time. I also think about what test data might be useful, what test environments I might require, and so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these things are more valuable than spending time on documenting something that you don't yet understand well enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2013-08-10T10:37:41.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6598" CreationDate="2013-08-11T22:58:09.020" Score="5" ViewCount="1616" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've got Jenkins jobs running Unit Tests, Integration Tests, JMeter Tests, and Selenium Tests.  Given my choice I'ld keep all these test results forever, but maybe that is excessive.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long does your team keep test results?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How far back in history have you found useful?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have you run into any performance issues related to keeping too much history?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you archive test results outside of Jenkins?  How?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T23:32:43.413" Title="How long should test results be kept?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6596" CreationDate="2013-08-12T04:01:01.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel like this is a polling question rather than a SE-type question, but if not....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) We keep them for two weeks at my current role, but at other companies several years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Rarely have I needed something more than a couple of days really as I run daily automation tests, but I have found it useful a couple of times when a test has been failing for ages, to go back a couple of years and see when / why it was broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Yes, run out of disk space on the servers, test logs can be surprisingly big sometimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Often just zipped up by date and testsuite name on the servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1171" LastActivityDate="2013-08-12T04:01:01.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6596" CreationDate="2013-08-12T11:55:40.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, it depends. If there are regulatory requirements, results need to be kept for as long as the regulations state. Otherwise, it's a business decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. How long does your team keep test results?&lt;/em&gt; In my experience this depends on a number of factors. I've been in places where test results for new development would be kept indefinitely, but test results for regression were regarded as ephemeral. I've also been in places where the full logs were discarded or archived, but a summary was retained indefinitely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;2. How far back in history have you found useful?&lt;/em&gt; Again, it depends. Mostly I've found that if something goes back more than 3 major versions, looking for more resolution is a waste of time. Occasionally it's been necessary to go back to the test case documents from the original implementation to determine whether something was covered initially. If regressions are reported as soon as they're observed, the reporting should include the first known failing build and the last known good build. Ideally these are sequential, but this isn't necessarily the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;3. Have you run into any performance issues related to keeping too much history?&lt;/em&gt; This is one of the few that doesn't get &quot;it depends&quot; - disk space is limited, and logs accumulate. The process I prefer to use is to automatically archive logs off to a pre-defined location at least once a day, including application logs where appropriate (at one employer this was essential if you didn't want to be dealing with trying to open 4GB text files - I created the daily archive task because I was sick of trying to access immense log files). The archive location stores the logs without compression for a period of time, then zips logs older than the agreed time-frame. We still needed to clean out the oldest logs periodically and ultimately decided that if it was older than a year, we didn't need to keep it. We versioned our test script code, so it was possible to rerun old code against old versions of the application if necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;4. Do you archive test results outside of Jenkins? How?&lt;/em&gt; I've used a task that would export the logs to a datestamped directory on a daily basis. It's also possible to do it per build with a datetime stamp on the directory. Zipping via command line is easy to do, so that was also part of the task. The naming convention was usually %testsuitename%%YYYY%%MM%%DD%[%hh%%mm%%ss%] for the directory or zip file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-12T11:55:40.613" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6599" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-12T13:03:51.440" Score="2" ViewCount="3470" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am basically from Testing and I know QTP Automation, but now my client is asking to do some analysis and start with pilot project as auotmate the teamcity tests using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am really not aware of Teamcity as well Selinum functionalities, as per the googled info I came to know as Teamcity is Java based application for continuous build integration and Selenium to automate applications using JScript/Java Code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please some one can clarify this in details, how this will work and how we can start &amp;amp; finish this activity successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;PSR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5815" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T15:23:43.073" Title="How to start with Selenium and TeamCity integration?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6600" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-12T19:32:56.553" Score="1" ViewCount="1312" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing automated tests for my company, and I am doing so from the ground up.  We provide both desktop and web applications to our clients.  After doing a lot of research and testing, I landed on Selenium for the web tests because it seemed easiest and most powerful while still giving me total control over my tests.  For desktop applications, I initially landed on Visual Studio's own Coded UI Tests, as it was the only GUI tester that gave consistent results.  However, Selenium uses NUnit and Coded UI tests use Microsoft's own test framework.  My question is, is there a framework that I can use to run both web tests and GUI tests?  I'd prefer to continue to use Selenium if possible.  Most other GUI testing applications I've tried are inconsistent or don't allow programming.  I can obviously just bypass the GUI and call our application's methods directly, but if there is a way to test the GUI as well, that would be preferred.  Any suggestions that use C# would be particularly appreciated.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5449" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T11:50:34.070" Title="Running Web and Application Automated Tests from the same Framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6601" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6602" CreationDate="2013-08-12T19:41:28.230" Score="2" ViewCount="74869" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the Selenium IDE to record my initial tests and then export them to c# and then use the webdriver.  Some things that I do from the IDE don't export.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to select a State from a drop-down text list.  I don't have much background in HTML and am kind of new to C# also (I've programmed for a couple semesters in Java so far, c# for about a month.)  How would I go about selecting a specific state from the dropdown list?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5817" LastActivityDate="2020-09-15T08:00:21.430" Title="Using Selenium (C#) how do I select an item from a drop-down list" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6601" CreationDate="2013-08-12T19:47:57.620" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming you're using Firefox?  Right-click the drop-down list and select &quot;Inspect Element&quot;.  Get the tag from the information (everything in green following the pound sign).  Then add this to your code where you need to select the element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new SelectElement(driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;{put your tag information here}&quot;))).SelectByText(&quot;{State here}&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5449" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-08-12T21:11:34.173" LastActivityDate="2013-08-12T21:11:34.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6600" CreationDate="2013-08-12T20:16:30.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As long as you are using Selenium 2/Webdriver, there should be no reason why MS Test should not work for you.  Although I normally use NUnit myself for Selenium tests, I just tried a couple of quick tests using MS Test instead of NUnit and found that it worked pretty much exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-08-12T20:16:30.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6607" CreationDate="2013-08-12T21:37:59.053" Score="0" ViewCount="3044" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've setup the Jenkins-performance-plugin to run our JMeter tests automatically.  However we'ld also like to test the Web UI layer for performance.  We've found tools and websites, but we're looking for something more easily automated so we can run it from Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastEditorUserId="5241" LastEditDate="2013-08-12T22:55:46.150" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T02:40:59.157" Title="How to automatically performance test just the web UI layer?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6601" CreationDate="2013-08-12T22:34:33.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Added to Darain, use Xpath(absolute) for locate element. To get that, use fire path(with fire bug). You will get a xpath for each element.Fire path provides Xpath accurately(some time I get xpath is not working which I get from IDE). You can maintain your own array to get element from drop down by recognizing absolute xpath string. Best idea is to get all elements at a time and use particular one when you need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5192" LastActivityDate="2013-08-12T22:34:33.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6605" CreationDate="2013-08-13T02:40:59.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like I want yslow with phantomjs.  There are setup instructions for Jenkins at &lt;a href=&quot;http://yslow.org/phantomjs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://yslow.org/phantomjs/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T02:40:59.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6592" CreationDate="2013-08-13T09:06:25.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can recommend this book about selenium: &lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/LearningSelenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://leanpub.com/LearningSelenium&lt;/a&gt;. This will quickly bring you up to speed with Selenium and Webdriver. Next you should read a book about Java, any book about the fundamentals of Java will do. When finished reading I think you should think about new questions to ask :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Addendum]&#xA;The most valuable about the book is that it covers selenium IDE and then slowly moves to more advanced topics like locators with Xpath etc. Next is setting up a project in Eclipse IDE and build your own framework. This gently introduces java programming language because everything is explained in detail.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;After that the writer moves on to give a small introduction to page objects and measuring performance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you really want to use Java framework Jbehave together with Selenium this &lt;em&gt;cheap&lt;/em&gt; book give a good intro into selenium/java for beginners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to mention that not all chapters are finished but I believe you are entitled to free updates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5592" LastEditorUserId="5592" LastEditDate="2013-08-14T07:09:33.803" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T07:09:33.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6600" CreationDate="2013-08-13T11:50:34.070" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Lyndon said, you can use Selenium 2/Webdriver for desktop applications, although to do this you have to compile in the web driver (caveat: I don't know any more about it than this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other alternatives based on the information in your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use NUnit with Microsoft's unit test framework for both web and desktop applications. I don't know the mechanics of it, only that it can be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With CodedUI - which works for both web and desktop - Microsoft abstracts a lot of the grunt work from you. Based on a quick Google, CodedUI doesn't support NUnit because it build on the MSTest framework. I've personally found CodedUI limited when dealing large applications with a lot of internal dependencies and ended up building myself a hybridized custom framework on top of the CodedUI dlls (still very much a work in progress).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of GUI testing, I know for a fact that SmartBear's TestComplete handles web and desktop and can use a script flavor of C# (I'm not on their staff - I just used the tool for close to 7 years), with the level of control over your tests that you're looking for. It's also the cheapest of the big box tools (but still not precisely cheap). I know you said you've decided on tools, but I thought I'd throw the option out there in case you're open to changes because of the differing frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option for you is to write a custom wrapper that allows you to unify your test frameworks from the front end - essentially a harness that can invoke either the Coded UI or the Selenium tests and pull the results to a common location with optional format massage so that you can view the results from a single portal. That's probably the easiest method - you don't have to Frankenstein any of the tools to make them do things they're not designed to do and you're not bound to any particular tool for all eternity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T11:50:34.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6612" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-13T14:10:19.830" Score="0" ViewCount="5000" Body="&lt;p&gt;SeleniumIDE Issue  - js alert() is not detected by IDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These steps will reproduce the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/js/tryit.asp?filename=tryjs_alert2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/js/tryit.asp?filename=tryjs_alert2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on the &quot;try it&quot; button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The clicking of OK on alert is not captured by IDE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5818" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-08-13T14:51:58.790" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T08:39:23.130" Title="SeleniumIDE Issue - js alert() is not detected by IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6596" CreationDate="2013-08-13T14:30:50.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite the fact the question is about Jenkins results - I'll add my own 5 cents, but regarding results of &lt;strong&gt;manual testing&lt;/strong&gt; - some of the following points may be as well useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As stated in other answers, results of intermediate builds are valuable within &lt;strong&gt;several months OR current project stage&lt;/strong&gt;, therefore our usual practice is to keep these within current stage. However, there's an exception regarding &lt;strong&gt;results of the major / Release builds&lt;/strong&gt; - these are usually kept longer, most likely for the whole project time-frame and some time later (see more details about that aspect below).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actually, I had cases from my own experience when testing results about half year old or even older were useful - for next stages planning, retrospective, contract negotiations and other similar cases. I don't think something older than &lt;strong&gt;2 years&lt;/strong&gt; was ever actually demanded - at least within my own 5+ years QA experience.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the same time we have &lt;strong&gt;internal DB called &quot;Project DataCenter&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, where project managers briefly log details regarding current projects state (on monthly basis): quality, milestones, communication, etc. These are kept for much longer terms - I'd say within &lt;strong&gt;5 years&lt;/strong&gt; after project end or even more. These records may as well include testing artifacts like reports, scenarios, results, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not neglect &lt;strong&gt;contract agreements&lt;/strong&gt; - sometimes results / documentation keeping is stated among other terms and conditions. These may vary from 6 months to 10+ years - I faced such cases on my own.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perhaps in my case &lt;strong&gt;performance / storage&lt;/strong&gt; question is not so important, but we do have automated archiving / backup system for our doc storage. Sadly I don't know exact details (this is regulated by our Internal Support / IT departments), but something like projects data older than 5 years is removed to archive and no longer available for direct access.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that was somehow useful!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4749" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T14:30:50.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6614" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6615" CreationDate="2013-08-13T17:13:05.847" Score="4" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;So my question is somewhat simple. I want to test 2 things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error logging&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server error page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the web platform it's somewhat easy to do using fiddler or Charles (I'm sure there are plenty other tools for that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is if there is an easy way for me to do the same for mobile platforms. Is there something special I can do on emulators? If so which?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lyndon pointed me to a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/blog/12-12-21/using-fiddler-with-apple-ios-devices.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; . To summarize the post it is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will need &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Charles&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://fiddler2.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt;. Charles works pretty nicely on a mac (but costs money), Fiddler is free.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Devices under test have to be on same WiFi  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the mobile device specify the proxy server to be the machine with Charles or Fiddler  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and voila you now have the same functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4394" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T02:48:26.943" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T02:48:26.943" Title="How to Force a server error on Android / Iphone platform?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6614" CreationDate="2013-08-13T17:55:31.900" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend staying with your web solution, and modifying for mobile.  There are plenty of tutorials on how to capture mobile traffic through fiddler on the net.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eric Lawrence wrote a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/automated-testing-tools/blog/12-12-21/using-fiddler-with-apple-ios-devices.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; post about how to do this last december.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on your company, this may require additional effort dealing with infrastructure departments to ensure that you have a wifi network that you can connect to that will give access to any non-production servers that you may be trying to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T17:55:31.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6596" CreationDate="2013-08-13T23:32:43.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The real answer is that you need to keep test results for as long as they are useful. Storage is cheap, so don't let that be the driver behind how long you keep any test artifact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But determining how long results can be of use depends on a lot of company and project-specific conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We tend to keep functional results only for the duration of the project, but keep performance test results much longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-08-13T23:32:43.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6619" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-14T09:19:02.653" Score="3" ViewCount="4967" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use Selenium Server on Windows 7 with a FirefoxPortable as browser, starting the &lt;code&gt;selenium-server-standalon&lt;/code&gt; JAR file. My first attempt was without a profile, just like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.33.0.jar &#xA;     -htmlSuite &quot;*firefox C:\Users\rplantik\Portables\selenium\FirefoxPortable\FirefoxPortable.exe&quot; &#xA;      &quot;http://127.0.0.1&quot;    &#xA;      &quot;C:\Users\rplantik\Portables\selenium\rest\testsuite.html&quot; &#xA;      &quot;testresults.html&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Jetty server was started, but it crushed after having issued the info message &lt;code&gt;Preparing Firefox profile...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found out that there is another portable app, called FirefoxPortable2ndProfile, which allows you to start FirefoxPortable with another than the built-in profile. I therefore downloaded that application, too, and modified the command as follows, to include the path to the different profile: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.33.0.jar &#xA;     -firefoxProfileTemplate C:\Users\rplantik\Portables\selenium\FirefoxPortable2ndProfile\Data\profile &#xA;     -htmlSuite &quot;*firefox C:\Users\rplantik\Portables\selenium\FirefoxPortable\FirefoxPortable.exe&quot; &#xA;      &quot;http://127.0.0.1&quot;    &#xA;      &quot;C:\Users\rplantik\Portables\selenium\rest\testsuite.html&quot; &#xA;      &quot;testresults.html&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it seems that the profile was created successfully (&lt;code&gt;Preparing Firefox profile...&lt;/code&gt; seems to be executed as intended - for a short moment, the &quot;Firefox&quot; logo pops up), then the message &lt;code&gt;Launching Firefox...&lt;/code&gt; appears, and indeed a firefox application is started. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after that, the test suite is not executed. Instead, the browser stays on the default site, and there is no further action until I stop the process in the console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to use Selenium with Firefox Portable? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5827" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T01:02:18.923" Title="How to start Selenium with Firefox Portable?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6621" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-14T15:05:05.533" Score="0" ViewCount="856" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the pros and cons of putting functional requirements into release/exit/ship criteria? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:44:33.403" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:44:33.403" Title="Functional requirements and release criteria" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2013-08-15T04:30:15.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-14T15:47:24.023" Score="1" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running a thread of 500 users for an e-application using Jmeter. My Application is deployed on 1 server and DB is deployed on another server.( Java, Tomcat Server and Oracle 11g)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is how to measure the appropriate results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, whenever tomcat is restarted, at Run1 results are different from Run2 since it take time for Caching and another stuff. Then in Run3 results are more faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest which results should be shared or what pre-conditions should be there to judge so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4349" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T22:23:58.160" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T22:23:58.160" Title="Regarding Performance Analysis through Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6623" CreationDate="2013-08-14T16:40:00.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Presumably, Runs 4, 5, 6, and 7 will level off to a steady state.  The steady state numbers are what you are most interested in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T16:40:00.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6621" CreationDate="2013-08-14T19:58:03.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our organizations, functional requirements are usually too detailed to list each one as separate or specific release criteria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional requirements usually stem from user stories or scenarios, so we might list all user stories / scenarios pass as part of our exit criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exit criteria is usually derived from high level data points (quantitative) that are critical factors for success in the marketplace, as well as a qualitative assessment of the product and other information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T19:58:03.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6623" CreationDate="2013-08-14T21:25:27.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you read &quot;Continuous Delivery&quot; by David Farley and Jez Humble, they suggest that you &quot;burn-in&quot; your deployment during a integration test (for some reasonable amount of time) before you run the performance tests.   For example, your integration test could look for the cache to have an expected state before the assertion declares it ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T21:25:27.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6619" CreationDate="2013-08-14T21:43:36.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather than try to configure the profile manually in your code, which will limit you if you plan to run tests multi-threaded, I would start a Selenium &quot;grid node&quot; which is configured to user a manually specified profile directory.  Then you could run like 5 Firefox's per machine/node  in parallel.  You just load your grid node from a JSON config file and configure the firefox profile parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T21:43:36.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6358" CreationDate="2013-08-14T21:50:29.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard for me to believe that Selenium is unable to access a browser window.  If that is true, it would be nice if you could clarify the &quot;how&quot; that can be.   Keep in mind that on hard to handle windows you also could use Sikuli to use screenshot matching to control mouse clicks rather than use RFT.    Also, if your project is configured using Maven , I see no reason why you cannot download just about any library you want into your project, giving your code access to much more than just Selenium.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2013-08-14T21:50:29.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5633" CreationDate="2013-08-15T04:48:37.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use&lt;a href=&quot;http://suacelabs.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Saucelabs&lt;/a&gt;.  Budget wise the Small Team 10 CPU plan is $149 a month.  There are minute limits so you would want to take total test times in consideration.  Another huge plus is not having to deal with every single issue that I seemed to run into for every different OS/Browser setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T04:48:37.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6631" CreationDate="2013-08-15T09:57:58.063" Score="3" ViewCount="16316" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing an Email system where I would test a set of received emails to see if the received emails actually displayed as expected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is done for each release of the system. So basically I want to automate this process. When the emails are received, the automated testing process should open each email through the web browser (because emails are typically sent to Gmail account) and validate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in the manual testing process, each email is identified by a string in the email content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5765" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-08-15T12:47:39.543" LastActivityDate="2020-10-13T22:59:25.440" Title="How to automate testing of received emails?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6630" CreationDate="2013-08-15T11:34:01.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since everything is web based, can't you just use a strait up browser automation framework like Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do what you need to do in your system to trigger the sending of the email.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log into Gmail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the email is there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a screenshot (if needed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything you can do as a user (besides thinking and seeing if visual layout is nice) you can more or less do in some flavor of &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;===&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My bad I misread the question.  You can just fire up a selenium browser in a process that sits in gmail &lt;strong&gt;in HTML Only mode&lt;/strong&gt;, checks for new messages every X seconds (by pulling for the elments), and then opens the emails and runs whatever test you want to do on the email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="5247" LastEditDate="2013-08-15T11:39:39.637" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T11:39:39.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6633" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-15T14:27:01.277" Score="5" ViewCount="265" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a software developer on a VERY small team (read as... me).  I'm working on a large project, and in a few months think it would be beneficial to have some sort of formal QA process.  I can have some internal user's access the website and use it, but end-user testing won't stress it the way QA testing does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone recommend any processes or organizations that can help me perform some Ad Hoc QA against this when the time is right?  I apologize in advance if this is the incorrect forum to post this to, I'm not looking to make this a sales board, just wanted some insight from other QA people on how to go about this, thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5835" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-19T21:28:18.877" LastActivityDate="2013-08-19T21:28:18.877" Title="Who do you use/recommend for ad hoc QA testing?" Tags="&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6637" CreationDate="2013-08-15T17:19:58.650" Score="2" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are possible sources of problems when a new certificate is installed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different browsers accessing the site [ff/chrome/mobile iphone/ mobile android/etc]  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I don't think this matters but what network you test it from?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than #1 I am really not sure what else to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4394" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T22:25:08.750" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T22:25:08.750" Title="How to test a new Wildcard SSL Certificate?" Tags="&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6633" CreationDate="2013-08-15T17:43:35.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like the best thing for right now is manual testing, seeing as you're the only developer. Those I would say look for CS majors or recent grads and pay them a part time wage. It will probably be easier to pay them a decent part time wage than deal with legalities that come with an internship. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many things to look for in a good tester, but the main thing is logic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they go from one step to the next one logically&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can they explain a problem in a more or less straight forward way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are they aware of basic sources of a problem&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also concentrate on getting people to do black box testing (ie not messing/seeing  code at all). I'm sure there are other things you can do, but given the right grads / students, I think that's the easiest &amp;amp; best option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4394" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T17:43:35.497" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6633" CreationDate="2013-08-15T17:51:07.547" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many ways to have someone &quot;throw some testing&quot; at your site. Which way is best for you depends on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your ability to provide input to the process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your timeframe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your budget&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some folks just post something on a forum where professional testers hang out (like here, or sqaforums.com) and ask for people to &quot;test&quot; their site. The good: You get professional testers looking at your site. The bad: You aren't likely to get any kind of deep testing without offering some sort of compensation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some folks ask friendly bloggers (like me) to post a link to their site, sometimes with a page explaining how to contact the site owner for further instructions/information. The good: Inexpensive. The bad: You have to do the work of weeding out the non-useful from the useful folks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some folks use a Beta (open or closed) as a way to gain insight into the functionality and quality of their site. The good: It can be either free or very inexpensive. If you already have a wide audience, it can be quick to get many &quot;testers&quot;. The bad: You will likely get casual users, rather than professional testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some folks use less-expensive organizations like uTest or others to provide testing services. The good: Relatively inexpensive. Some decent infrastructure already in place to organize and manage the testing process. The bad: A bunch of faceless testers with a wide range of abilities. If you don't provide solid input, you likely won't get much back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some folks recruit their professional tester friends. The good: Your friends want to help you. The bad: You are imposing on their time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many folks go and hire a professional tester for a short-duration project. The good: You get real, professional testing. The bad: More expensive, requires real work on your part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you have to ask yourself - How serious is my need? What's it worth to me (in terms of my money and my time)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T17:51:07.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6634" CreationDate="2013-08-15T18:14:48.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The CA who signed the certificate ought to be in the browser's list of trusted CA's; otherwise, the browser may report a problem or even prevent you from reaching the site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, a wildcarded CA is wildcarded &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildcard_certificate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;relative to a subdomain&lt;/a&gt;.  You should verify that it does in fact work with every applicable subdomain.  (You can do that by testing against each of those domains, or you can just crack open the certificate and check the wildcard.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not believe that the network you test from should matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-08-15T18:14:48.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5633" CreationDate="2013-08-16T01:31:12.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my experience, (which will vary from person to person) that automation tends to bottleneck on CPU. This lends itself to working better on actual physical hardware than on virtual hardware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that money I would by 13 &lt;a href=&quot;http://store.apple.com/us/mac/family/mac-mini&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mac minis&lt;/a&gt; and build a test grid. The mac mini gives you the option of running windows, mac os as well as virtualised linux, windows phone, iPhone or android clients. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-08-16T01:31:12.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="126" CreationDate="2013-08-16T06:36:45.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is an old question and you have already found a solution, but for others looking at this post I'll put my two pennies worth in and suggest &lt;a href=&quot;http://catchsoftware.com/software/enterprise-tester&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Enterprise Tester&lt;/a&gt;. It meets all of the requirements listed (see notes below) and has an API, so would allow plugins to be developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recording of test cases, including parametrised ones - Enterprise Tester allows you to record test cases and then execute those tests across one or many execution sets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Historical analysis of trends: number of tests, duration, success criteria - We have developed a testing query language (TQL) which allows you to analyse and report on tests (including building dashboards) within and across projects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to &quot;feed&quot; test results, e.g. from automatic acceptance tests&#xA;with Selenium - Enterprise Tester can capture results from Selenium and a few other automated tools, including anything that outputs to NUnit and JUnit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to open tasks in an issue tracker based on failed testing run - Integrates with JIRA and TFS for defect tracking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enterprise Tester isn't a free test management tool, but starts at $1,200 for the smallest license, so not a huge cost when price is a factor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps others reading this stream.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers Stacy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclosure:&lt;/strong&gt; I work for &lt;a href=&quot;http://catchsoftware.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Catch Software&lt;/a&gt;, the company that develops Enterprise Tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4328" LastActivityDate="2013-08-16T06:36:45.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6641" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6647" CreationDate="2013-08-16T11:47:03.330" Score="3" ViewCount="1153" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our  system under test have schema that differs between system versions 1.0 and 2.0: new entities have been added, some have columns added. We used Hibernate to generate Java entities for both schema versions. Then, depending on which version we are testing, we are switching the classpath to those Java entities. This way we can use run the same test cases and use the same DB assertions in both 1.0 testing and 2.0. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach resolves the problem at runtime. However, at compilation time, we got a problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for entities that are specific only for schema 1.0, tests/assertions for schema 2.0 fail to compile; and vice versa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for entities that are common and same for both schema, there is no problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is branching our test cases and test framework in SVN the only approach to this problem? The same way devs branches the system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That will be put additional effort on us to maintain each branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-17T08:13:29.027" LastActivityDate="2013-08-18T04:05:32.497" Title="Is branching tests the only option for system with multiple versions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6642" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6643" CreationDate="2013-08-16T11:57:01.707" Score="3" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each of our end-to-end test cases checks two aspects/functionalities of message processing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether the message has been processed correctly (resulted in a correct action of the system).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether information about processing been correctly logged to DB (for further reporting purposes).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We decided to verify both aspects in a single case, because end-to-end tests takes much time (this is distributed system and message traverse through a number of slower, legacy systems).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, when assertions related to first functionality pass, and for the second will fail, it does not matter. All test cases are marked as failed, so the message sent to the management is that 100% of test cases failed, ignoring the fact, that the latter functionality is less important to our business. This is because wustomers won't care having correct reports when processing is incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you solve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create separate test cases for different aspects? (more time to run the tests) OR&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure TestNG to create separate reports for each functionality/group of assertions? (if so, then how?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Update&lt;/em&gt;: Having correct reports when processing is incorrect is useful only to us for troubleshooting. That is one another reason why we decided to combine checking both aspects in one test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-17T08:03:52.640" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T13:13:23.513" Title="Checking two related functionalities in same test case" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6642" CreationDate="2013-08-16T12:49:02.660" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You did not provide a lot of detail about the relationship between the logging system and the processing system, so my answer is going to be general/vague.  I would try the following, in this order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Educate your management&lt;/strong&gt;.  You have a good reason for how you structured your tests.  Explain what they can and cannot infer from a 100% failure rate. Explain the cost of structuring the tests in a different way.   &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reorganize the tests even if they need to run twice as long&lt;/strong&gt;.  You didn't actually say whether running twice as long is just an inconvenient to you or is an impediment to others in your organization as well.  The next two alternatives will almost certainly be more complicated than this one; you need to decide which is more painful: the extra run time of this alternative or the additional coding time / maintenance cost of the next two alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Structure your logging tests so, when the process aspect fails, the logging tests report errors rather than failures.&lt;/strong&gt;  I'm not sure this obviates the need to educate your management, but at least you will have a way to distinguish &quot;Logging not tested&quot; conditions from &quot;Logging tests failed&quot; conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find a way to test logging (aspect 2) without actually doing any processing (aspect 1).&lt;/strong&gt;  You did not provide enough detail to indicate whether this is possible, and presumably if it were, you would have explored this already.  Still, if the first three alternatives are not doable, this is what you are left with.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-07-15T13:13:23.513" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T13:13:23.513" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6641" CreationDate="2013-08-16T13:11:00.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a Hibernate expert, so I can't offer an advice on that front.  There are ways to use Java reflection to convert compile-time dependencies into run-time dependencies, at the cost of additional code complexity.  You could accomplish the same thing by reimplementing the relevant tests in a JVM-based scripting language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can tell you that in every test job I've had, it was necessary to branch the test code to account for differences in the product code.  We didn't need to branch every time the product branched, but more often than not it was necessary.  Of course, over time the number of test branches increased, but we didn't need to maintain most of the older ones, so the maintenance cost was acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-08-16T13:11:00.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6642" CreationDate="2013-08-16T22:58:26.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wrap the whole test in either &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt; method (bad solution) or in a class with some flag that indicates if test was already run or not (still not good but better)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MyTestClass() {&#xA;   private static boolean alreadyRun = false;&#xA;   public static void runTest() {&#xA;        if (!alreadyRun) {&#xA;           alreadyRun = true;&#xA;           //...&#xA;           //run the actual test procedure&#xA;           //...&#xA;        }&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then create two test methods, call &lt;code&gt;runTest()&lt;/code&gt; in each of them and log appropriate assertions. In this way you will run test procedure only once but you will end with two separate entries in TestNG report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would actually be the point number 4 on user246's list above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2489" LastEditorUserId="2489" LastEditDate="2013-08-17T12:10:33.987" LastActivityDate="2013-08-17T12:10:33.987" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6641" CreationDate="2013-08-17T15:57:03.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience branching is the simplest way to handle multiple versions of the system in test. I'd suggest taking a look at this question and the answers, too: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6277/strategies-for-automating-testing-on-features-that-are-only-on-certain-environme&quot;&gt;Strategies for automating testing on features that are only on certain environments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that one I've given a list of strategies that can be used, which also applies to versioning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience is that while the company is maintaining more than one version of their software, it's necessary for test automation to maintain more or less matching versions of the automation. Depending on how much changes between versions you can run n+1 automation against application version n (if there are no additions to the schema and nothing has been deprecated). If nothing has been deprecated, you can usually run n-1 automation against application version n. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically I've found that in the standard release schema of Release.MajorVersion.MinorVersion.BuildNumber, automation versioning needs to happen at the Release.MajorVersion level. Managing keeping versions in line is part of the automation harness: whatever you use to automatically retrieve your automation code for the run has the version to pull in its code (named branches work well for this). That same task is the one that indicates the version of the application to retrieve for the runtime tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The versioned artifacts should also include your baselines and other reference data so that when that changes you aren't failing tests because of it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is some additional effort to maintain multiple branches, but typically maintenance required on older branches should be minimal and most of your effort will go into your current development branch. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-08-17T15:57:03.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6641" CreationDate="2013-08-18T01:19:23.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Store your test code &lt;em&gt;in the same repository as the production code.&lt;/em&gt; That way they are always in sync, and you avoid the version-matching headaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-08-18T01:19:23.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6641" CreationDate="2013-08-18T04:05:32.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past I have built a system whereby the tests know what version of code they are running against. This allowed me to have a single test code base, but have tests that are specific to V1, common to both, or specific to V2. I used the same mechanisms for the code to run in different locales where the business rules were different as, in my case the accounting treatment differed between three countries for a single, global in-house application. I could set the default in a config file, and had custom attributes on test cases that were specific to an application version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my general experience I have found that ideally the strategy for managing your test code should mirror your production code. Did they branch the production code? If yes than you should branch too. Do they have the same code base with conditional logic and compile time switches? Talk to your developers to find out their approach and you should probably follow suit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-08-18T04:05:32.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6650" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-08-18T21:12:13.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_automation#Framework_approach_in_automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test automation framework&lt;/a&gt; provides a superstructure for automated tests. The superstructure may include APIs, coding practices, ways to structure and run the automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2483" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T07:15:17.840" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T07:15:17.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6651" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-08-18T21:12:13.077" Score="0" Body="A test automation framework provides a superstructure for automated tests. The superstructure may include APIs, coding practices, ways to structure and run the automated tests." OwnerUserId="2483" LastEditorUserId="2483" LastEditDate="2013-08-19T07:28:39.103" LastActivityDate="2013-08-19T07:28:39.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6652" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-18T21:17:04.817" Score="3" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our DBA is very eager to help us with monitoring DB status. We had recently some problems with buggy deployments scripts (both manual and automated) that set up DB incorrectly or incompletely. So his idea is to have SELECT queries that will check the status of DB to provide quick feedback, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT count(*) &amp;gt; 0 FROM user_table;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, many DB problems will be discovered by end-to-end tests, but having a number of tests cases checking directly DB will help us with troubleshooting and shorten the feedback loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to add such DB checks as Jenkins jobs and provide to DBA some way (natural for him) to express such test cases. I found two approaches to do that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Translate SQL queries to JUnit tests, e.g. using &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/dbassert/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DBAssert&lt;/a&gt; library:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Set condition to search record by. &#xA;dbAssert.table(&quot;authors&quot;).where(&quot;id&quot;, 123).and(&quot;last_name&quot;, &quot;Coupland&quot;) ; &#xA;&#xA;// assert customers _name_ column equals Douglas value in database.&#xA;dbAssert.assert_column(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;Douglas&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Embed SQL queries into bash scripts, as proposed &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.lusis.org/blog/2012/01/23/lowtech-monitoring-with-jenkins/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/bin/bash -l&#xA;CHECK=`mysql -u jenkins -ppassword -h 192.168.56.101 -BNe 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM foo_db.jobs WHERE depth &amp;gt;= 100'`&#xA;exit ${CHECK}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The choice will depend on our DBA, obviously. Though, I believe, the second approach is easier as it requires no Java skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="5247" LastEditDate="2013-08-19T06:04:43.687" LastActivityDate="2013-11-24T23:42:43.723" Title="Monitoring DB setup in a way convenient for DBA" Tags="&lt;database&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2013-08-19T12:19:43.257" Score="-1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;synchronized(driver) {&#xA;      driver.wait(4000);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5849" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-19T21:26:45.587" LastActivityDate="2013-08-19T21:26:45.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6654" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6655" CreationDate="2013-08-19T22:22:23.980" Score="7" ViewCount="326" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you mentally deal with this? For example im testing on a &quot;Virtual&quot; Environment of the customers set up....but a lot of things are simulated either due to not having the equipment etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When small issues come back I beat myself up over it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I get past the fact that im never going to be able to find everything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5852" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T13:52:11.513" Title="Dealing with Failures after testing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6654" CreationDate="2013-08-19T22:55:31.917" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few things I try to remember about finding bugs in production:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quality isn't binary.  If you measure your performance by whether there are bugs, you will always fail.  Instead, I consider whether the quality is improving. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Failure is a learning opportunity.  When a bug makes it into production, I ask myself what I could have done differently.  Sometimes the answer is a new test case, or a different way to test.  Sometimes I might even conclude it would not have been worth the effort for me to find the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quality is a shared responsibility.  You did not say whether you are a one man shop, but if you are not, other members of your team are responsible for quality too.  Sometimes the right way to deal with certain kinds of bugs is for the developer to spend more time testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Beating yourself up does not improve quality.  This is hard to remember, but punishing yourself does not help you find bugs.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's just software.  We all want to do a good job.  At the same time, there is more to life than the contents of the bug queue.  The other parts of your life are important too.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-08-21T13:52:11.513" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T13:52:11.513" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6654" CreationDate="2013-08-20T02:53:40.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;User246 has a great answer, to add to it you could list the things you &lt;strong&gt;did&lt;/strong&gt; find before the customers did&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-08-20T02:53:40.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6664" CreationDate="2013-08-20T03:09:03.717" Score="1" ViewCount="243" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to perform Selenium navigation before tests run without using JUnit 4.11+'s setUp or at the start of the test method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've got both navigation and bookmark based Selenium tests.  The test code for the page under test is in a separate method that is called by test methods ending in either Bookmark or Nav.  Navigation to the page under test is called from the setUp method, but exceptions that occur when navigating don't get treated as test failures because they are running in setUp.  An easy solution that we don't like would be adding a call to the navigation method as the first line of each Nav test.  Is there an alterantive way to handle our navigation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-08-21T13:51:27.370" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T13:51:27.370" Title="How to perform Selenium navigation before tests run without using JUnit 4.11+'s setUp or at the start of the test method?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6072" CreationDate="2013-08-20T03:57:48.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out the latest release of CAM editor v3.0 and the CAMV validation engine.  I believe we are covering all these bases for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are instructional videos on YouTube for working with JSON and then creating test suites with CAMV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the CAMV engine is very flexible in its deployment options and ability to call it and return validation results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cameditor.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cameditor.org&lt;/a&gt; for more details and the Sourceforge project site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5854" LastActivityDate="2013-08-20T03:57:48.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6654" CreationDate="2013-08-20T11:41:02.893" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mercfh, I know you've accepted user246's excellent answer, but here are a few more things for you to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's impossible to fully test anything non-trivial. It's often impossible to test every path through a system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Many bugs are in the eye of the beholder. What I mean by this is that something which bothers a customer enough to report a bug is often not something a tester or programmer would have thought was a bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No tester can ever reproduce a customer's environment. Even if you have the equipment and the configuration and an exact hardware match, you don't - and can't - have the volume of use the customer experiences, nor do you know exactly how the customer navigates through your system. Where I work, we're supporting an elderly web application that is IE only (yes, there is work in progress to support non-IE browsers). Despite customers being told this repeatedly, we still get error reports from customers using other browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As Phil says, every bug you do find and get fixed is one your customers don't find. And every bug that does escape is one that you put on the list to check for next release (This is often how regression test suites get built).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even if everything you and the rest of your team does is perfect, there's still the interactions with other systems to consider. Customers can and do report bugs to you that are actually problems with third party items - but you still end up being the ones who work around them to make your customers happy. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a few thoughts to help you keep perspective. You and the rest of your team are human: things will slip through. As long as you're learning and improving, you're making progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-20T11:41:02.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6654" CreationDate="2013-08-20T12:20:26.507" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do I get past the fact that im never going to be able to find&#xA;  everything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's nothing to get past here. You need to convince yourself that &quot;finding everything&quot; isn't actually your role. Your goal is to help your company get to &quot;good enough&quot;. And understanding what is &quot;good enough&quot; in the context of your company and your customers is the key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I strongly recommend that you grab a copy of &quot;Perfect Software and other illusions about testing&quot; by Gerald Weinberg. This book is a high-level look at some of the &quot;big picture questions&quot; about testing, such as: Why do we have to bother testing?  Do we have to test everything?  What makes testing so hard?  Is perfect software possible?  Why can't we just accept a few bugs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/another-addition-to-my-qa-bookshelf.html&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/another-addition-to-my-qa-bookshelf.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading this can help you understand that perfection cannot be a realistic goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-08-20T12:20:26.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6661" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-20T17:01:00.720" Score="5" ViewCount="1787" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to automation testing and was looking for guidance on how I can mock or create a simulator for a IVR ( automated call system ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have an application, which sends some user data to a third party software. This third party makes a call on our behalf to user and asks a few question. Then it sends details about the response from the user in a CSV file in a shared sftp location. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To test our system, I was looking to bypass this third party completely and create a fake system but I am not sure how one can fake a call. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presently how we manually test is we create an user, send our own phone number so that we can get a call and answer them according to the test cases. Based on our test case we see whether we got the expected result back in csv. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does any one has any better way of doing this and save time in manual process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its complicated, and I might not have explained it properly.  So if you have any questions, I will try to explain it in more detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5857" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T22:23:28.240" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T22:23:28.240" Title="Mocking IVR system" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-20T23:12:51.680" Score="1" ViewCount="462" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking into ways of managing my automated tests through some kind of framework or management tool. While there is a lot of software that does the grunt work, such as Selenium, CodedUI etc, I am interested in views on tools to actually manage the tests, execute and report results back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing some Google'ing I have come across the following - can anyone give me any views from their experience? Are there any other recommendations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AXE - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.axetest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.axetest.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot Framework - code.google.com/p/robotframework/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cirro Framework - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cirrotest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cirrotest.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex - www.ranorex.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA Complete - www.testcomplete.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5858" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-09-26T13:38:58.470" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T13:38:58.470" Title="What Test Automation Product delivers management, execution and results?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6663" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-21T05:54:58.553" Score="5" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to aggregate similar test failures in Jenkins?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use Jenkins and every once in a while we'll get hundreds (700+ at the moment) of failures when testing against Oracle.  Most of them are a generic failure during startup failures, finding the ones that aren't is challenging to do manually (700+) links to click on.  We'd like some way for the same type failures to be aggregated so we can easily see the ones that aren't all the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2013-12-24T16:31:32.353" Title="How to aggregate similar test failures in Jenkins?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6657" CreationDate="2013-08-21T07:00:58.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use a JUnit Rule.  Here are two articles I wrote about how I've used Rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cwd.dhemery.com/2010/12/junit-rules/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using Rules to Influence JUnit Test Execution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cwd.dhemery.com/2011/01/what-junit-rules-are-good-for/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;What JUnit Rules Are Good For&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T07:00:58.040" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6661" CreationDate="2013-08-21T11:49:10.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parth,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a few options here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that your system sends data to the third party system, you either know the format or can get the format of the data to send from your programming team. You know the format of the data returned. This is enough to build a simple simulator that will generate dummy data in the appropriate format given the input. Ideally, your simulator would read question and answer data from a config file (for ease of manipulation) and pick the question/answer data to return based on the input phone number. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I'd approach the problem: given user phone number 111-111-1111, read the config data for that phone number and use the question/answer in the config file to build a CSV file in the expected format, then save it to the expected location (this should also be governed by a config file so you aren't cluttering up the real file dump). Your automation creates a user and sends the user data, then waits until the file exists in the expected location (or alternately, creates a lot of requests before starting to check result files), reads the file and compares the data against a pre-defined baseline. This method is probably the simplest to implement, although it does require some programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other options you can consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your responses to the phone call are touch-tone, you may be able to simulate receiving a phone call with a VOIP application and send data that way. I'd consider this unnecessarily complex and too fragile because you would need to automate the VOIP application as well as the sending of touch-tone data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similarly, using pre-recorded voice data and a VOIP application introduces needless complexity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't build or have the programming team build you a simple simulator, you can still test your application processing this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate the application user creation and capture the user send output. You can either have the developers build a hook into the system that allows you to optionally save the data to file in the same format it would be sent or log that data when it is sent (the former is preferable, since you would not be making requests to the third party system). Regardless, you would want to use phone numbers that don't actually exist to do this. If you can't get the hook, run your tests on a system that can't connect to the third party application and build a listener to the port to capture the data. Once you have the data in the format it's being sent as, you can validate against a baseline.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application processes the output CSV files, provide it with known CSV files to process and validate the application output after processing in a separate automation run. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used both simulation and output capture followed by input processing in automation before. It can be challenging to implement initially, but it still beats trying to automate against a third party system that you can't control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T11:49:10.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6662" CreationDate="2013-08-21T12:01:59.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you've noted, there are any number of these frameworks. There isn't really all that much difference between them in terms of reporting results - that tends to be a matter of preference more than anything else. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the big difference lies in is execution handling. What you want to look for is something that integrates &lt;em&gt;easily&lt;/em&gt; with your existing automation. For instance, if you're working with CodedUI, Microsoft's Team Foundation Server and Microsoft Test Manager/Lab Manager work together seamlessly once TFS has been configured for lab management (the module that handles automation execution). QA Complete integrates seamlessly with TestComplete, and so forth - all the big box solutions include easy integration with their proprietary automation tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The lower-cost (and free) tools usually operate through an API that you'd need to program against. Some don't handle execution on their own, but offer an API that allows test results to be posted to them for reporting purposes (TestLink is one free tool I know of that does this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that, I'd look for something that meets your budget and is reasonably easy to work with. Chances are unless you're using a big-box integrated system like Microsoft TFS/MTM/TLM/CodedUI, SmartBear QAComplete/TestComplete, HP Quality Center or similar, you'll have to do some work to build the integration so a clear API is a good thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T12:01:59.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6661" CreationDate="2013-08-21T16:10:44.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first question I would ask myself if I were you: do I have to test how third-party application works (e.g. Does the set of answers lead to an expected data in a csv file?) or do I assume that third-party app works fine and I just need to test integration between my application and third-party (e.g. Is a new csv file added to a shared sftp location gets processed by application?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way you test your app now does not really trust that third-party works as expected, since you have to wait for the call and answer questions asked by this app. Indirectly, you test the third-party app itself, which may or may not be your intention (is it?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you test integration only, you may create a fake class that adheres to the interface of your third-party app. This fake class would, for example, create a csv file with expected data after you send user data to the app and store it in an appropriate location. Afterwards, you would verify that file gets processed accordingly or whatever other actions are expected as part of integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that when you test integration with a fake class, you may still want to perform a full end-to-end test the way you do it now, but do it less frequently. Thus you gain more confidence that things work as expected for end users. For example, this third-party may change a format of response file, which would break integration with your app, but you would not find this out by using a fake class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more thing to add concerns test users. You mentioned that you create that every time. You may consider having a pool of test accounts that you reuse over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T16:10:44.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6669" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-21T20:30:09.123" Score="2" ViewCount="7351" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a tool using which I can do automated testing of REST APIs. I was going through SOAPUI. But as our clients prefer Microsoft products, I would like to know if there are any Microsoft API Automation tools. Any help will be great!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5862" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T22:22:52.730" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T22:22:52.730" Title="Does Microsoft provide any automation tool to test REST APIs?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6669" CreationDate="2013-08-21T20:56:31.977" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio Load Testing with Web Tests does what you are asking for.  You can use the GUI interface to create web tests, or convert them to coded web tests if they are too complex, or you just prefer that. &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/ms182594.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/ms182594.aspx&lt;/a&gt;‎&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest hurdle to using Visual Studio Load Testing is that you need to have a Visual Studio Ultimate license which is relatively expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-08-21T20:56:31.977" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6672" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6674" CreationDate="2013-08-22T03:59:50.740" Score="3" ViewCount="5409" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have started off my career in &lt;em&gt;manual&lt;/em&gt; testing and an automation tool rarely. I would like to concentrate more on &lt;em&gt;automation&lt;/em&gt; testing. I believe I have the object-oriented concepts in a good manner. I would like learn JavaScript and JQuery parallely, which can be used in automation scripting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know which automation tool is more powerful in JavaScript and JQuery? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I would like to know which tool is more in demand on market today?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5275" LastEditorDisplayName="user5554" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T11:19:51.877" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T20:41:13.587" Title="Which automation tool needs JavaScript or JQuery to be used more?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6672" CreationDate="2013-08-22T15:14:45.127" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In terms of UI automation, neither Javascript or jquery are used much at all.  I don't know of any tools that allow you to write UI automation in Javascript, although I bet if you looked you could find some.  Javascript and jquery are useful for unit testing or more advanced integration testing, but that doesn't sound like exactly what you were asking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2.0 with Webdriver is a very popular open source UI automation framework that has multi-language support (.net languages such as C#, Java, Ruby, Python, etc).  Knowing Javascript can be useful when using Selenium since it does allow you to execute arbitrary Javascript as part of your tests, however it is usually a rare occurrence to work around a bug or do something more advanced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-08-22T15:14:45.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2013-08-22T16:12:47.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with many of the other answers but thought that I have 2 important enough points to warrant a separate answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) I don't have a degree and was able to find an entry level QA position about 15 years ago.  I found my position mostly because I knew some people that helped me get into it, but there are many ways to get into them.  One would be to try to move into a QA position at the company you are already working for in support, this is a pretty common thing.&#xA;2) You can volunteer your time to help QA open source projects.  There are tons of open source  projects out there that need QA love.  A great way to learn can be to help out on those projects, help them create a test plan, execute tests, find defects and possibly automate tests.  This can give you some concrete experience that you can speak to on your resume and in interviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-08-22T16:12:47.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6672" CreationDate="2013-08-22T20:38:19.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jasmine is a behavior-driven development framework for testing JavaScript code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pivotal.github.io/jasmine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pivotal.github.io/jasmine/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-08-22T20:38:19.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6669" CreationDate="2013-08-23T04:46:47.070" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer will depend on the type of testing you are doing, but you should just use Visual Studio and write some code to call the API directly. You can also=use the unit test infrastructure it provides, or nunit to write your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best tool to test an api is code that calls it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-08-23T04:46:47.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6678" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-23T15:56:03.087" Score="13" ViewCount="19108" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're working on test code (mainly UI tests with a few different tools). One thing that's really stumping me is how to best separate test data from test scripts. By test data, I mean values that get input into the AUT. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I have a bunch of classes that simply contain test data in methods. This almost works but it's &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;not scalable and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;not modifiable from outside the test code. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've discussed some approaches like keeping data in a test data database, where different data are called when needed by scripts. This is likely the way to go, but I have no idea how to implement it. What are some approaches that others have had success with? I'd like to have test scripts as &lt;em&gt;agnostic&lt;/em&gt; to incoming data as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT Some more details about these tests: All test data are parameters that are passed from an external source (different classes, xml, database, etc) into the test code. These tests are written in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-31T16:19:10.357" LastActivityDate="2013-08-31T17:28:33.853" Title="What are some good approaches to separating test data from test scripts?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6678" CreationDate="2013-08-23T18:13:05.580" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;See if your test framework gives you a way to parameterize tests. Many test frameworks allow you to supply the values using a &quot;data provider&quot; method or object or class that you write yourself. If you have a framework like that, see if you can use its data provider mechanism to supply the values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usual mechanism is that your code fetches the values from somewhere, and hands them to the test framework as some sort of grid-like thing (list of lists, array of arrays, iterable of arrays). Each &quot;row&quot; of the grid represents the values for one execution of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is fairly easy in TestNG, and possible (with a bit of fiddling) in JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If at all possible, store the values in &lt;em&gt;plain text files&lt;/em&gt;. The reason for this is &lt;em&gt;so that you can put the data into version control along with the tests&lt;/em&gt;. Often a CSV file will do nicely, and there are likely plenty of CSV-reader libraries for whatever language you're using to automate tests. Any kind of binary data file (Excel, a database, ...) will not play well with version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-08-23T18:13:05.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6680" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-24T14:17:16.383" Score="4" ViewCount="8281" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my first time here but I have already posted this question on SO. I keep getting solutions for Windows + Java and not for Linux or python for that matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium and Python to automate a file upload application for the past many hours but nothing helpful! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML DOM structure for this file upload is an &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; tag with its type attribute &lt;code&gt;value = 'file'&lt;/code&gt;. I know I can make use of the &lt;code&gt;send_keys&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is I am not supposed to use &lt;code&gt;send_keys()&lt;/code&gt; (as per the question I am trying to solve). The assumption is there are other ways of doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest me alternative ways to upload the file? I do get solutions for windows but not for Linux(Ubuntu). I know there are applications/tools to automate GUI components like &lt;code&gt;AutoIt&lt;/code&gt; but there is nothing for Linux close to &lt;code&gt;AutoIt&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can say I have done my homework to find a solution. Only after not finding anything useful, I am asking this question, please help! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5875" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:51:59.473" LastActivityDate="2020-09-01T19:54:28.880" Title="How to handle a native OS (Ubuntu) file upload window in selenium webdriver with python?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6680" CreationDate="2013-08-24T17:32:43.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to the club, Praveen; your problem is a rite of passage for Selenium users.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of trying to automate the file dialog, you may have better luck issuing the same HTTP request that your file upload form would have issued.  Issuing a POST request for a file upload is a little bit harder than a GET request because of the encoding issues, but I suspect you know where to look to find the appropriate Python API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to use set_keys() to set the value of the relevant file &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; element, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;file&quot;)&#xA;elem.send_keys(&quot;/tmp/temp.txt&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-08-25T02:52:06.520" LastActivityDate="2013-08-25T02:52:06.520" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6678" CreationDate="2013-08-25T07:37:03.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what Dale proposed, it is also possible to &lt;strong&gt;encode test data in Java&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will satisfy all your requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modifiable from outisde the test code&lt;/strong&gt;. If you defined your test data in separate Java classes, you do not need to compile them together with test script classes. You can link them at runtime as Java Beans, e.g. using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.springsource.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spring&lt;/a&gt;. Obviously, you are aware that putting test data in separate files will require switching between windows, so it will be harder to &lt;em&gt;capture&lt;/em&gt; a relation between test data and expected behaviour. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test scripts agnostic to test data&lt;/strong&gt;. First, test scripts will be agnostic to the original format of test data, as they will rely on getter methods of Java beans (or their interfaces), not on how data got into Java beans. So, you may start from designing your test data in Java, and if you change your mind (and move to using database, XML, or CSV files), you can easily map those test data sources to your Java Beans (e.g., using one of the libraries I suggested under Dale's answer). Second, test scripts will be agnostic to where the data come from. It will be up to &lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&lt;/code&gt; method or class where it will read test data from: database, external file or Java beans defined at runtime by Spring context. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scalable&lt;/strong&gt;. Adding new test data scales well. For instance, you may define a package where &lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&lt;/code&gt; scans for new test data at runtime. It also scales well for the size domain, thanks to &lt;em&gt;encapsulation&lt;/em&gt;. If you don't want to have large class, you hide irrelevant details to a super class, helper class, etc. For instance, we write &lt;code&gt;createReturnTicket()&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;createTicket().with(Type.Return).from(&quot;New York&quot;).to(&quot;Los Angeles&quot;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a test case perspective, we don't really care if the ticket is from New York to Los Angeles. Those are internal details of this method that if revealed would blur the picture. XML-demarcated test data don't scale well for the size of the domain. When we had really large XML files, it was really hard to understand what they describe, or given two large XML files, how they differ. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that some people are against this approach, afraid of encoding test data in Java classes, because they are business people, not programmers. Also, XML files have their advantages especially when the AUT processes XML by design. Business people are more familiar with XML standards used to describe application data. And it is fairly easy to reproduce many issues found production: you just isolate a sample of XML files from production, and copy them to our test repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, with a bit of effort from both parties we were able to some of those problems, while still getting advantages of using pure-Java approach. Here is how:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design classes and methods to describe your domain well, this is often called embedded DSL (Domain-Specific Language), e.g. &lt;code&gt;createReturnTicket()&lt;/code&gt; is example of a method from our DSL.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When designing your DSL, hide irrelevant details via encapsulation, dedicated methods, etc.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/FluentInterface.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Builder pattern&lt;/a&gt; with fluent interface (see also another post in this thread) and static imports. This way, you will get great support from your IDE and Java compiler to define &lt;em&gt;correct&lt;/em&gt; test data: &lt;em&gt;autocompletion&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;syntax-highlithing&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;validation&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide sample test cases and test case writing session, so people can learn how to write test cases. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Refactor&lt;/em&gt; your DSL continuously, so it becomes easy to use as you learn the domain. Changing your test data structure when you have a lot of existing test data is relatively simple with Java test data, comparing to XML/CSV or database approaches.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-31T17:28:33.853" LastActivityDate="2013-08-31T17:28:33.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6685" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-25T15:09:08.740" Score="4" ViewCount="4691" Body="&lt;p&gt;After two days of continuous trial, I thought it's better to ask you folks here. I want to upload a file on my desktop to a remote server. For this I am making use of python and its module &lt;em&gt;requests&lt;/em&gt;. I get good help from the internet but even then when I execute my piece of code, I am not able to upload it.&#xA;So here is the code I have written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import unittest&#xA;from Browser import Browser&#xA;from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait&#xA;import requests&#xA;&#xA;class Upload(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    def setUp(self):&#xA;        print &quot;Setting up before test case execution...&quot;&#xA;        self.driver = Browser().initialiseBrowser()&#xA;        self.driver.maximize_window()&#xA;&#xA;    def test_Upload(self):&#xA;        self.driver.get(&quot;http://www.justcloud.com&quot;)&#xA;        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Login&quot;).click()&#xA;        self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;input[name='email'][id='login-email']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;test_usrname&quot;)&#xA;        self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;input[name='password'][id='login-password']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;test_pswd&quot;)&#xA;        self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//input[@value='Login' and @id='login-submit']&quot;).click()&#xA;&#xA;        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20)&#xA;        wait.until(lambda driver: self.driver.title.startswith('Just Cloud'))&#xA;&#xA;        try:&#xA;            self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@id='not-installed-container']//span[text()='X']&quot;).click()&#xA;        except NoSuchElementException:&#xA;            print &quot;HURDLE dialog did not appear&quot;&#xA;&#xA;        url = &quot;https://upload.backupgrid.net/add&quot;&#xA;        fileToUpload = {'file':open('/home/pinku/Desktop/Test_Upload.odt', 'rb')}&#xA;        print fileToUpload &#xA;        s = requests.Session()&#xA;        s.auth = ('test_usrname', 'test_pswd')&#xA;        response = s.post(url, files=fileToUpload)&#xA;        print response.text&#xA;&#xA;    def tearDown(self):&#xA;        driver.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me point out the mistake I might have made in the code above.&#xA;2 days back I had absolutely no clue of the approach to upload a file. I am sure I am very near to this solution. So I request you guys to help me get it. Trust me, I have put a lot of effort to get this done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5875" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:52:05.847" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:52:05.847" Title="Cannot upload a file using requests module in python" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2897" CreationDate="2013-08-26T06:34:07.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check your imports.Check your console if its throwing  exception from same package that you have imported?&#xA;There are two packages 1.java.util.NoSuchElemetFoundException and 2.org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElemetFoundException.You need to catch the later one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5878" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T06:34:07.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6678" CreationDate="2013-08-26T12:08:46.713" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's two major directions you can take here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If your tests are structured such that one test covers a full user scenario&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;(By this I mean that a single test covers something like log on as user X, navigate to ordering, select quantity A of product B, quantity C of product D, check out, pay with card details Y and check that all the amounts add up correctly and got to where they were supposed to go)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any kind of file-based structure will work here. You can use the data driven harness built into most test tools where you define a data provider and point to the resource. The framework will iterate through the resource once for each row. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You might need to add extra columns or fields and add handling for empty columns/fields in your scripts, but it's still pretty lightweight and trouble free.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV is particularly good for this because you can version easily with it. You can also internally manage your CSV layouts so that it's easy to tell which data belongs in which column (if you do go this way, do not use Excel to edit, because Excel will strip out leading/trailing spaces added for readability - for data you aren't going to edit often, having it easy to read in a text file makes a big difference)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's also relatively easy to include expected results as CSV files to compare against so that your validations aren't hard-coded. You can do this either as a separate baseline CSV, or include columns/fields for expected values in your files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; work this way, it's the easiest and simplest way to data drive your scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If your scripts go through multiple parameterized routines to perform a single scenario&lt;/strong&gt; (An example of this would be a master handler routine that passes a user name and password to a logon routine, then calls a purchase routine which in turn passes quantities and products to a select items routine, and passes payment data to a purchase routine, then returns to the master routine, which calls the amount and stored data checking routines)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This kind of structure tends to evolve where there are a lot of test cases with similar but not quite close enough for a single script per sequence structure and data. If, for instance, some kinds of purchase will prompt for extra information, rather than repeat the entire logon/selection code - which doesn't change - each step or common sequence of steps will get broken into a parameterized routine that's called from a master controller. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Not all test tools support this model of parameterization&lt;/em&gt;. It can be done with some of the big box tools (as long as you work through the code interface and treat it as purely programmed test code), but not all of them. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CSV and other flat file structures can still work here, provided you maintain extensive documentation, because you will end up building a relational database in files (how do I know this? I've done it). That makes versioning possible, but can introduce a steep learning curve to new automators who not only have to become familiar with the multitude of routines available and the control structure, they need to learn how the data files relate to the code structures. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;More structured file formats like XML may be workable, if you don't mind a lot of repeated data (which is an absolute pain if it's necessary to modify something that's used in multiple files) and again are reasonably easy to version.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, the best way to manage this kind of test data is via database, preferably with an editing front end. You can do this with something like Access Forms, or you can build an intranet front end - or a small application that's bound to your database. In this case, versioning becomes much more complex, since databases do not play nicely with version control. My preference with this method is to include versioning information in the database tables, so that each table has a column something like &quot;ValidFrom&quot;, &quot;ValidTo&quot; flagged with the AUT versions where the data is first valid. That allows your scripts to avoid pulling from the wrong versions, although it adds another layer of complexity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you do go with a database solution for this kind of test structure, backups are essential. You will also need to replicate your main test database so that you aren't developing new feature tests against live data (and potentially messing up scheduled scripts) and build merge scripts to update. It is a lot more work - but has the advantage, with a reasonable front-end, of making it possible for non-scripters to add new test cases to your system. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This level of test structuring becomes essential when your test code base becomes large enough that you can no longer maintain almost the same code in multiple tests, or when your AUT is sufficiently complex that any test requires multiple almost identical steps before you reach the region of the system you're actually interested in testing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Even with this kind of structuring to eliminate most of the repeated&#xA;code, you can end up with a lot of code to maintain: at my previous&#xA;employer, the automation codebase was in the order of 1/2 million LOC&#xA;with about the same number of lines of CSV data maintained in&#xA;multiple files and religiously versioned. This was a reasonably&#xA;mature test automation effort - test automation had been in place in&#xA;some form for over 10 years and had evolved from record/playback&#xA;through parameterized versions of the record/playback code, several&#xA;iterations of object-oriented, data-driven script code into the form&#xA;it was in when I left. It's not for the faint-hearted but does become&#xA;essential eventually (the AUT in this case was a suite of 7 core&#xA;applications, where the main one had over 2 million LOC the last time&#xA;anyone checked, several hundred configuration flags, and was mission&#xA;critical to a large number of &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; large enterprises - we could not&#xA;&lt;em&gt;afford&lt;/em&gt; to miss any problems with transaction or tax processing).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That should give you a little more insight into choosing a data-driving strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T12:08:46.713" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6691" CreationDate="2013-08-26T18:48:32.057" Score="7" ViewCount="414" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently came across a Google Tech Talk during which the speakers seemed to stress that trust in a test suite is crucial to the overall software development process. Here the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oX-0Mt5zju0&amp;amp;feature=youtu.be&amp;amp;t=8m7s&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone share their opinion on this? If you agree that trust in a test suite is important, what do you do in your team to build that trust? I thought of asking the devs to sit down &amp;amp; basically code review whatever tests I wrote for the features they originally wrote. However, I'm not sure if that's the best way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5883" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T19:07:35.763" Title="Building trust in automated front-end testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6690" CreationDate="2013-08-26T19:07:35.763" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;elefont,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trust in a test suite ultimately comes down to a few things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does it miss important problems it should have caught?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does it report errors that aren't really errors?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is it brittle?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does it report useful information? (this is the most important factor, in my view).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dev code reviews can help, but they're probably no better or worse than in-team code reviews - part of what you're looking for with this is to have an automated test suite that runs regularly, is reliable, and reports useful information. Exactly what constitutes these factors will vary depending on the organization and the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things you might want to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how hard/easy is it to add new tests? Can you add new tests to your regression suites every time a bug slips out to the customers without needing to spend ridiculous amounts of time coding? (if you can do it with a few lines of data in a test data file, more power to you)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how hard/easy is it to update the tests when the application GUI changes? If you're effectively rebuilding your tests every time someone changes the tab order, you probably won't have a high trust test suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how hard/easy is it to update the tests when the process flow through the application changes? If it can be done quickly and easily, chances are your test suite is going to be more trusted than if it's a major rewrite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what data is your test suite communicating and to whom? Some things to consider outside the number of tests run/passed/failed are known failures (where something is reported but hasn't been fixed yet), coverage statistics (which may or may not be useful to your application, depending), an overall summary of tests run/passed/failed over time (an ever-growing number of tests which mostly pass tends to build confidence).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What data are &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; communicating and to whom? No matter how good your test automation is, people are going to look at you (and/or your team, depending on the structure of your company) first, and impute trust based on how much they trust the information you give them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of this is &quot;you must do this&quot; - it's food for thought. Any method of building trust you come up with will be unique to you, your team, and your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T19:07:35.763" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6678" CreationDate="2013-08-26T22:23:17.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend looking at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://devblog.4teamwork.ch/blog/2013/05/24/construct-your-testing-data-using-the-builder-pattern/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Builder pattern&lt;/a&gt; to create test data within the test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is similar to having the data in the script BUT it is the required data not the actual data which is hard coded.  In theory, the tests can then run in any environment as it is the test which creates its own data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often think that having an external data source is risky, as if the input data is incorrect, then the test is incorrect.  The test makes assumptions that the data provided is correct where as the builder pattern means that the test knows exactly what state the data is in because it created it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have only considered using Data Providers if my test is data driven (e.g. ensure a large range of values return the same response).  However, most my tests seem to be scenario driven, so fail to see how Data Providers can be used.  If my test wants  data in a particular state for that scenario, then I want my test to create that data in the required state. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2195" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T22:23:17.223" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6652" CreationDate="2013-08-26T23:00:32.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it were me, I would use a bash or python script that reads from a properties file and reads/executes each query from the file and prints the query string and its return value (your link says Jenkins has email notifications, which is good for this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then show the DBA how to edit the properties file to add/edit/remove queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think it would be convenient for the DBA because they only have to add sql statements and read the email notification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-08-26T23:00:32.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6697" CreationDate="2013-08-27T09:43:13.487" Score="8" ViewCount="5399" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been writing Selenium Browser automated tests and now I would like to begin writing mobile browser automated tests for Android and IPhone.  I am deciding between the &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; framework and the Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AndroidDriver&quot;&gt;AndroidDriver&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/IPhoneDriver&quot;&gt;IPhoneDriver&lt;/a&gt;.  Does anyone have experience in these frameworks and knows which framework is easier to jump into from Selenium Browser automation?  Also which framework looks to be the most active, supported, and likely to be a good choice for the future development?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastActivityDate="2013-08-27T20:44:27.280" Title="Appium vs. AndroidDriver + IPhoneDriver in Mobile Automation Tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6694" CreationDate="2013-08-27T14:23:22.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest Appium as it is being used by the popular test lab Sauce Labs so it looks like it would be more active and get more support down the line. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/mobile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/mobile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-08-27T14:23:22.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6694" CreationDate="2013-08-27T18:25:52.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used a lot of frameworks, and in my personal experience appium is easier, simpler, stronger than the rest of frameworks. I have tried with calabash, appium, ranorex. Every week appium has updates and bug fixes. And personally the python binding is a blessing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5887" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-08-27T18:49:29.803" LastActivityDate="2013-08-27T18:49:29.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6694" CreationDate="2013-08-27T20:44:27.280" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main differences between Appium and AndroidDriver/iPhoneDriver are architectural.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The AndroidDriver/iPhoneDriver work the same basic way - they are applications you launch on the phone that create a webview that you can remote control with selenium. The limitations to this approach are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No control over hardware/operating system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Webviews are not a real browser, so some behaviors are different (location, iframes, resetting data, etc).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are limited to interacting with a webview - no native code can be tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium works by wrapping the first-party automation frameworks (UIAutomator for iPhone and UI Automation/Instrumentation for Android). The major advantages, in addition to not suffering the problems above, are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can drive an actual browser, with all the browser's functionality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operating system control - you can change the OS settings, clear data, and sleep apps, in addition to any hooks exposed by the OS for testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can automate native code in addition to web testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, iPhoneDriver is officially deprecated, so don't expect any enhancements or major changes to that app in the future. Appium is updated regularly, and will likely remain compatible with new versions of the operating systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've written selenium tests for desktop browsers, you won't have too much trouble with Appium. The main 'gotcha' will be getting set up - I would recommend jumping on #appium on IRC or emailing the appium-discuss mailing list, where friendly folks are happy to help. The #1 advantage of Appium is the amazing community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5889" LastActivityDate="2013-08-27T20:44:27.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6699" CreationDate="2013-08-28T10:45:42.627" Score="1" ViewCount="784" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a web application which i would like to automate the testing for functional as well as load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However , it has the following features which i feel will hinder the most common automation tools from functioning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The web application throws a SSL client authentication prompt in the login page after clicking on Submit button where i need to choose the appropriate certificate for the user to login.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In form pages , once again , the form data is signed using an ActiveX control or a firefox addon , which will throw a prompt similar to the SSL client authentication prompt from which the user selects his key to sign the data beofre submitting to the server.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to automate the user activity in this application from user login , few page traversals, a form submission with the signing and logout . How can this be done ?[Tools etc].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is possible , then will i be able to scale this activity to say 100 users at the same time ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4956" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-28T12:45:30.467" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T12:45:30.467" Title="How to Automate Testing of this type of Web Application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6698" CreationDate="2013-08-28T11:29:03.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For functional testing, you should have no difficulty with automation. The SSL client authentication prompt is simply another element of a web page, as is the signed control. You will likely need different code for the ActiveX control vs the Firefox add on and include logic to determine which path your functional automation follows. The certificate to select and the key to sign with would both be test data, stored with your user credentials so that your automation knows which user is logged in and selects the appropriate certificate and key based on the logged in user. You should be able to do this with most functional testing tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load testing is a little more complex since you will want that to use &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; users working concurrently and load testing typically does not run via the functional interface: the usual method is to record a sequence of actions and then have the http/https gets and posts replayed from multiple hosts. You'll need a load test tool that supports SSL (some do this better than others - someone with more experience in load testing than me will need to supply details) and which allows you to set different credentials and selections for your different users. Depending on your scenario, you may also want to define different actions for different users to give a more representative loading. You'll also want to be able to define ramp in rather than have all your users all performing the same action at the same time. I'd suggest investigating some of the cloud-based tools for this, as you can build small runs quite cheaply and scale up without needing to invest heavily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-08-28T11:29:03.243" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6700" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-28T15:13:10.650" Score="2" ViewCount="4461" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know there is an action class where this is possible, but I just understand common keys, such as: enter, backspace, and tab. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;action.sendKeys (Keys.ENTER).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For modifier keys---Caps Lock, Control, Option, Command---it is not very clear how to use &lt;code&gt;sendKeys&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5893" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T05:54:47.957" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T09:57:36.890" Title="How to simulate Caps Lock keystrokes with Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6700" CreationDate="2013-08-28T15:26:40.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/Keys.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's&lt;/a&gt; a list of the keys you can send.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T09:57:36.890" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T09:57:36.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6700" CreationDate="2013-08-28T16:49:55.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://watirwebdriver.com/sending-special-keys/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This link&lt;/a&gt; might be help you out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on that, you can create a function, which can simulate caps lock ON e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(just a rough function)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def send_caps_keys(keys):&#xA;  for key in keys:&#xA;    element.send_keys [:shift, key]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T09:56:08.030" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T09:56:08.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6705" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-28T19:23:25.847" Score="0" ViewCount="8533" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to generate a report from the dashboard view of Quality Center to get all the blocking defects in my test sets. Meaning, I want to filter the list of defects that are linked to test instances marked with the status 'blocked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please help me in generating such custom report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Karim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5895" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T03:14:05.700" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T05:26:45.530" Title="How to filter defects that are linked to test instances with 'blocked' status in Quality Centre" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6706" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-08-29T17:49:33.537" Score="0" ViewCount="4334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a library that processes queries based on User-Agent.  In my tests, I'd like to feed it as much strings as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where can I find a public collection of User-Agent strings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm mainly interested in &quot;real&quot; strings, but a collection of specifically interesting strings could be of use (like examples that are likely to put stress on parsers).  Plain newline-delimited list is OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2459" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T12:17:43.990" Title="What are some nice sources for User-Agent strings?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6706" CreationDate="2013-08-29T18:15:40.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I searched Google for &quot;User-Agent strings&quot; and found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.zytrax.com/tech/web/browser_ids.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.user-agents.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://techpatterns.com/forums/about304.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.  If you work for a company with a website, you might try asking them for a list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T18:15:40.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6706" CreationDate="2013-08-29T18:19:47.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this site that offers a sample of user agents in csv format:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://user-agent-string.info/download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://user-agent-string.info/download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual download link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://user-agent-string.info/rpc/get_data.php?uaslist=csv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://user-agent-string.info/rpc/get_data.php?uaslist=csv&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The format is:&#xA;&quot;Type&quot;,&quot;Name&quot;,&quot;useragentstring&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T18:19:47.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6678" CreationDate="2013-08-29T19:52:25.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written 2 automation frameworks for our SaaS application that takes in key/value pairs as a URL query (among other things behind the scenes) and dynamically renders images.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Original framework that did not work out&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one was in PHP using a directory to store test scripts that contained test data and used shared functions to create test cases for the regression suite. This was not scalable after a while and depending on who dipped their fingers into writing these scripts, too many things could go wrong. It was a convenient approach at the time to just be able to drop in a script and have it execute during the next scheduled run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This framework also had a 'bot' feature which was handy in finding corner cases and memory leaks. The bot would call x number of random modifiers for the URL query which would then call the associated functions to create valid key/value pairs for the URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The New Java Framework&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I rewrote this framework in Java recently and decided to start small and use a database for the test data URLs. The database also stores the regression run results that can be viewed and drilled into by the associated Java Web App. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use Hibernate for talking to the database for the command line and Java Web App which has worked out nicely. I have a servlet that will take either a named query or an HQL statement via POST or GET (giving the data drilling page more freedom for QA to view stock query results or custom ones via the URL) and spit out JSON which the data drilling page turns into readable organized data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far this framework works out better for non scripting QA. I give them an excel spread sheet and a wiki page on how to fill it out and they just input the data and I insert it with a script into the database. I plan on making a web UI for this that will display the request render before submission so the non scripting QA can insert test themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The workflow of running this suite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the Java command line app manually or via Jenkins which takes in&#xA;a config file to tell it the various options/features to run with,&#xA;locations to store dump files, and which 2 servers to use for&#xA;comparisons (no baselines for this suite).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A call is made to the database to  grab all test records and compile&#xA;them into a flat file as requests minus the server:port. Creating a&#xA;flat file also ensures we can run the exact same test again if need&#xA;be.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The flat file is then read line by line forming the full URL request&#xA;to each server. The response is then compared to each other for&#xA;perceptual difference or text/xml/json differences depending on what&#xA;is returned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each request result is written to a result file and dump files of&#xA;each request are stored. At the end of the run, the result file is&#xA;parsed, server data is collected, and inserted into the database for&#xA;the Java Web App to pick up and turn it into a nice report with&#xA;graphs for management.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Other frameworks we have written in Java&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have various other frameworks written in Java that do simply as you have it now where the test data is in the test method. I found this to be somewhat unorganized and hard to search for existing tests to see if I am duplicating a test case or not. Then there is a naming convention that has to be decided on for test method names and scaling those. Plus you can't have non scripting/programming QA insert tests and you have to build every time there is a new/modified test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another group has a similar Java framework using Junit for execution and XML files as the test data. Those XML files contain a lot of data and there are many XML files to cover the API they test. If I don't know what I'm looking for, I won't be able to contribute and probably end up duplicate tests. &lt;strong&gt;Plus if there is a change to the XML schema, you would have to figure out a safe search and replace for all those XML files.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5899" LastEditorUserId="5899" LastEditDate="2013-08-29T20:14:57.777" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T20:14:57.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6371" CreationDate="2013-08-29T20:09:40.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The resources available online for Python are more numerous than those for PowerShell. This can be a significant factor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On stackoverflow, the number of questions for python and powershell (at time of this writing):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python&quot;&gt;python : 215,177&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/powershell&quot;&gt;powershell : 11,690&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-08-29T20:09:40.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6700" CreationDate="2013-08-30T00:13:29.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe this will help get you started.&#xA;You can hack in a caps lock key into &lt;code&gt;selenium/webdriver/common/keys.py&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;In the Keys class I added the following line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;CAPS         = '\ue21EA'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I fired up webdriver and pointed it at a &lt;a href=&quot;http://kryogenix.org/code/browser/jscapslock/jscapslock.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaScript Caps Lock detector&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found the element and sent it the CAPS key. Then the webpage returned a caps lock warning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;x = driver.find_element_by_name('password')&#xA;x.send_keys(Keys.Keys.CAPS)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your goal is checking whether caps lock is on or off, this should help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-08-30T00:13:29.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2716" CreationDate="2013-08-30T08:39:10.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As much as possible, please avoid using absolute xpaths, any small change in the page layouts and your xpaths may become completely useless, as much as possible, use the class names, ids etc... For the gmail sign-in, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='signin-box']//div[@class='email-div']//input[@id='Email'] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is the xpath for the UserName Text field, likewise for the password field, it'd be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='signin-box']//div[@class='passwd-div']//input[@id='Passwd']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="149" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-08-30T19:17:09.727" LastActivityDate="2013-08-30T19:17:09.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6715" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6716" CreationDate="2013-09-01T09:02:22.613" Score="1" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I bought Binder's &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321700678&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Testing Object-Oriented Systems&quot;&lt;/a&gt; book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a technical QA, and wanted to both strengthen my test automation skills and become more thorough. However, I found the book so abstract and difficult to understand, that I cannot make any practical use of it. I though it might be my opinion only but I found there are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.com/review/R2OBKEM47DV580/ref=cm_cr_dp_title?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;ASIN=0321700678&amp;amp;channel=detail-glance&amp;amp;nodeID=283155&amp;amp;store=books&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;more similar views&lt;/a&gt; of experienced software engineers, so maybe there are objective hurdles to read and &quot;apply&quot; this book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you read this book?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What problems have you solved thanks to this book? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are people here who read this book and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/1687/1933&quot;&gt;recommended it&lt;/a&gt;, so I believe the book can be useful in practice. I just need to hear how.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read a lot of technical literature, research papers, documentation so I was expecting this book will be both useful and legible to me. I am used to literature and research papers that are problem-driven. Books that follow a bottom-up approach, where a reader can build his or her own model of solving certain class of problems, by reading about those problems. This particular book does the opposite, so if someone can show me connection between real problems and the theory laid in this book, I might learn or motivate myself to grab for this book again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T17:56:17.303" Title="What real problems can &quot;Testing Object-Oriented Systems&quot; book be applied to?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6715" CreationDate="2013-09-01T17:56:17.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that this is a difficult read, and quite different than other books that walk you through specific testing techniques applied to a sample problem step-by-step. Binder wrote &quot;This book is more of a reference and handbook then it is a sequential tutorial.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, Binder (and B. Beizer) tend to approach software testing from the class level below the GUI. Having spent much of my career focused on API testing books by Binder and Beizer make a lot of sense. I guess if a person spends his/her career looking at software primarily through some graphical user interface (or web interface) then the book may be too abstract.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part II discusses models. The chapter on state machine models provides a solid foundation for Model Based Testing and how to model a system. I thought his presentation of modeling is similar to how developer class diagrams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part III discusses patterns. Test design patterns are similar to the many design patterns used by developers in OOP. Test design patterns discuss the application of various testing techniques applied to OOP systems versus a procedural program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like the book because it made me think of test design patterns, and how to consider test designs . I agree it doesn't provide concrete directives on how to write a test case, but that is not its intended purpose. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also say that this is not a book that one should buy or read in preparation for an interview. I agree with the Amazon reviewer's statement &quot;I don't recommend people who is new to testing, or who is trying to grap [sic] a basic view of testing in a short period of time.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, for those who are experienced, and well versed in OOP programming this book may offer a different perspective on how to approach software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T17:56:17.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6230" CreationDate="2013-09-01T21:04:19.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to take a look at Mozilla Moztrap. While it doesn't support all the features you're looking for, it's a useful tool for manual testing, and since it's open source you could fork the project and build in the features you'd like. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/moztrap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mozilla/moztrap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T21:04:19.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3815" CreationDate="2013-09-01T23:49:49.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think AutoIt is for Windows only. For a Mac OSX native solution you could look into Automator. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.macosxautomation.com/automator/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.macosxautomation.com/automator/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-09-01T23:49:49.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5450" CreationDate="2013-09-02T06:54:10.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Initialize the opera driver ....&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;Selenium selenium;&#xA;driver = new OperaDriver();&#xA;selenium = new WebDriverBackedSelenium(driver, &quot;url here&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5909" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T12:29:37.347" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T12:29:37.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6720" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-02T17:02:15.103" Score="1" ViewCount="3079" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a bunch of unittests written in &lt;code&gt;python&lt;/code&gt; in which messages (text) of any kind is used. Instead of 'hardcoding' the text examples used for the tests I would like to use a database of some kind (simple text file, pickle file) which contains such test examples, and which can be extended either manually or automatically very easily. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a dedicated framework/module available, or do I do this simply on my own and create a simple text file? Maybe there are some best practices available I can follow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5910" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T11:40:35.293" Title="How to use databases within the python unittest framework?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6720" CreationDate="2013-09-03T11:40:35.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alex,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might want to look at some of the answers to this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6678/what-are-some-good-approaches-to-separating-test-data-from-test-scripts&quot;&gt;What are some good approaches to separating test data from test scripts?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not specifically aimed at unit tests, but the general principle is similar. If your unit test framework doesn't support a data source attribute or declaration, you could design your own method of using external data sources. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T11:40:35.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6722" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-09-03T16:43:57.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Continuous integration originated with Extreme Programming. Developers integrate their work frequently (at least daily) with a shared mainline (this assumes you're using source control), to avoid the &quot;integration hell&quot; of attempting to integrate a large amount of work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This practice has now been adopted far more widely. It typically requires a build server which creates a build in response to a code check in, and then runs a suite of automated tests against it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Martin Fowler's article is a good read: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.martinfowler.com/articles/continuousIntegration.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.martinfowler.com/articles/continuousIntegration.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T16:43:57.057" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T16:43:57.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6723" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-09-03T16:43:57.057" Score="0" Body="Continuous Integration, aka CI refers to the development practice of integrating work from team members frequently, but is also sometimes used as shorthand for the automated build systems that support that practice." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T16:43:57.057" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T16:43:57.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6724" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-09-03T16:55:12.643" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T16:55:12.643" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T16:55:12.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6725" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-09-03T16:55:12.643" Score="0" Body="Also sometimes known as para-functional, this tag covers both the quality attributes beyond the functional, and the test techniques intended to reveal information about them. For example, performance, reliability, usability." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T16:55:12.643" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T16:55:12.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6726" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-09-03T17:01:54.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This OWASP article gives a great explanation, and links to further references: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_injection&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T17:01:54.630" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T17:01:54.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6727" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-09-03T17:01:54.630" Score="0" Body="An attack where malicious SQL statements are provided as input data, exploiting security vulnerabilities in the client. This allows an attacker to bypass authentication and access controls." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T17:01:54.630" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T17:01:54.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6728" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-09-03T17:05:46.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Geb is a browser automation solution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It brings together the power of WebDriver, the elegance of jQuery content selection, the robustness of Page Object modelling and the expressiveness of the Groovy language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can be used for scripting, scraping and general automation — or equally as a functional/web/acceptance testing solution via integration with testing frameworks such as Spock, JUnit &amp;amp; TestNG.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More Details : Check rom the website &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.gebish.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:35:18.853" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:35:18.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6729" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-09-03T17:05:46.777" Score="0" Body="Geb, pronounced &quot;jeb&quot;, is a browser automation tool." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T17:05:46.777" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T17:05:46.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6591" CreationDate="2013-09-03T17:38:47.770" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The top tasks are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read and refine requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Map test cases to requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create test data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create test environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In fact try to understand the complete application in depth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tasks leftover from the previous sprint.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visit &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.com/2013/08/testers-tasks-before-implementation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testers tasks before implementation&lt;/a&gt; for detailed description of each suggestion and see if it helps or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5915" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-08T20:01:49.450" LastActivityDate="2013-09-08T20:01:49.450" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6672" CreationDate="2013-09-03T18:02:17.693" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend you try &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcafe.devexpress.com/&quot;&gt;TestCafe&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a web testing framework, using which you can run tests on remote computers and mobile devices, in multiple browsers and on multiple machines simultaneously. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also eliminates out of process browser plug-ins and provides wrapper-free access to DOM via jQuery or a browser's API. The built-in traffic analysis tool notifies you about missing resources, response codes and JavaScript errors, and checks page elements’ visibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestCafe is free for non-commercial use. It is only chargeable if a product, application or website you plan to test with TestCafe brings in an income.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work on the TestCafe team. I'd love to help you learn more about it and to hear any feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5916" LastEditorUserId="5916" LastEditDate="2013-09-03T18:15:02.433" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T18:15:02.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6230" CreationDate="2013-09-03T21:11:48.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does not fit all the criteria you mention, but I like qTrace, although it does not help you keep track of test cases you can record your actions while you are going through the test cases and then automatically generate a bug report.  The program not only records the steps, it also takes screenshots of every step and adds icons that indicate what was done on the page.  Additionally you can edit the picture, for example add a red box around a specific area on the screenshot.  Another nice feature is it's integration with software like JIRA and other defect tracking software, it however does not automatically figure out if the bug is a duplicate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5920" LastActivityDate="2013-09-03T21:11:48.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6705" CreationDate="2013-09-03T22:25:11.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To list out the defects and the corresponding test cases that blocked, its very easy to generate using Excel query feature in Quality center. The query has to join test instance, tests and link table to retrieve the details. The query looks like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT T.TS_NAME, TC.TC_TEST_INSTANCE, LN_BUG_ID&#xA;  FROM TEST T, TESTCYCL TC, LINK L&#xA; WHERE     T.TS_TEST_ID = TC.TC_TEST_ID -- Condition joining TEST (testcases) and TESTCYCL (Test instances) table&#xA;       AND L.LN_ENTITY_TYPE = 'TESTCYCL' -- This condition makes sure that defects linked to test instaces only need to retrieved&#xA;       AND TC.TC_TESTCYCL_ID = L.LN_ENTITY_ID -- Condition to join LINK and TESTCYCL table&#xA;       AND TC.TC_STATUS = 'BLOCKED'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details and different SQL queries that help you play with information you want extract &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp-automate.blogspot.co.uk/2013/09/quality-center-test-instances-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refer this blog link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5921" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T13:01:13.877" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T13:01:13.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6734" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-04T08:35:36.230" Score="5" ViewCount="1249" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are building an application, which is based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_%28toolkit%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Qt&lt;/a&gt; 4.8 on Windows. I have been looking for an automation tool which is cross-platform and should be able to automate my application. I have read a few papers about &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Desktop_Testing_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Linux Desktop Testing Project&lt;/a&gt; (LDTP), so I am interested to know whether tool can be of any help to me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5924" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2013-09-27T10:15:36.427" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T12:52:08.620" Title="Can LDTP automate Qt-based applications?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6734" CreationDate="2013-09-04T11:34:32.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've no real experience with QT on Windows or LDTP, but did a quick search and found that if I'm right that you mean &lt;a href=&quot;http://ldtp.freedesktop.org/wiki/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Linux Desktop Testing Platform&lt;/a&gt;, it specifically mentions that it can be used to test QT on Windows XP SP3, albeit, with its windows version, named &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ldtp/cobra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cobra&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T11:34:32.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6736" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6738" CreationDate="2013-09-04T12:00:54.317" Score="1" ViewCount="880" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team is responsible for web application testing. We’ve recently faced a question of providing the most common (and what is more important, the most convenient and handy) format of displaying data in a detailed test report: pdf, email, html, excel, word, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would appreciate your sharing your experience and practice of representing detailed test results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5916" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2021-03-23T11:59:55.927" LastActivityDate="2021-05-17T16:55:32.000" Title="Format of the test report" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6736" CreationDate="2013-09-04T14:50:18.487" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you seem to imply that you already know what data you are going to report on, why not have data populated real time and accessible via the intranet? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At MS all test results are available to everyone on the project team via the intranet. Test data is usually consumed across the organization differently, especially in large organizations. So, people can either get a high level view, or do a deep dive into key areas. Additionally, in some groups we have TV monitors in halls displaying dashboards of high level test data and project status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some teams also have weekly project mail summarizing overall status; including high level test status and &quot;red flags.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T14:50:18.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6672" CreationDate="2013-09-04T21:42:13.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use PhantomJS to regression test the look and layout of Web Pages, it is written in Javascript.  You might also want to look into CasperJS, PhantomCSS and dpxdt (developed by some testers at Google) which are all related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete generates code in JScript (equivalent to JavaScript), which is a pretty powerful functional testing tool.  As mentioned above, TestCafe is also JavaScript based and is pretty neat in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would not think much about the specific language used by an automaton.  It is definitely a plus if the language used to automate tests is the same as the language used by the Software Under Test, one reason being you can get expert help from the Software Developers if you are not one yourself.  But the thing is, when you have mastered one programming language A the benefits of using a ready made automaton scriptable in another language B usually outweigh the cost of getting used to that language B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5920" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T21:42:13.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2013-09-04T22:17:33.883" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way I have found to do this is by accessing the page, getting the download link, and performing a HEAD request for the file with an HTTP library. The response will contain the length of the file and it's type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A HEAD request is preferable since it will only retrieve the headers instead of pulling down the entire file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if the file is behind auth, you will need to pull the session cookie from Selenium's cookie store and pass it into the HTTP library when performing the request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That, or you can configure the browser you're using to auto-download files to a specific location and then perform checks against the file on disk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've outlined each of these approaches in detail with working Ruby code here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elemental-selenium.com/tips/2-download-a-file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Browser specific configuration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elemental-selenium.com/tips/15-download-secure-files&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Working in tandem with an HTTP library for secure files&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5930" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2020-12-16T04:36:17.127" LastActivityDate="2020-12-16T04:36:17.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6742" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-04T22:28:22.107" Score="9" ViewCount="74727" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to testing. I need to learn because I have an opportunity to work in this field in the the future. I would like to know what I need to get started. Preferably, I would like to study automated testing. How much time will it take for someone who only knows a little programming and no testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools, tutorials, courses (free or YouTube), all information is welcome. In the beginning, I only need to learn the basics, not be an expert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5931" LastEditorUserId="4281" LastEditDate="2013-09-07T21:10:34.843" LastActivityDate="2021-02-08T14:48:35.213" Title="What do I need to start from zero in automated testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6742" CreationDate="2013-09-04T23:50:01.903" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; is an automation and scripting language. It's simple to use for manipulating the Windows GUI like clicking on buttons or passing keystrokes. For someone starting with zero programming knowledge, AutoIt's syntax is very user friendly and human readable, and can help get you rolling with the basics of writing scripts. You can find tutorials for writing your first scripts in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Documentation&lt;/a&gt; section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T23:50:01.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6742" CreationDate="2013-09-04T23:50:38.517" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a ton of websites and blogs devoted to testing. You could start there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick search using Google for something like &quot;software testing&quot; would also be a good way to get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might choose to start with The Association for Software Testing: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/&quot;&gt;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/&lt;/a&gt; They have excellent reading and training resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other useful sites are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com&quot;&gt;http://www.sqaforums.com&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&lt;/a&gt; and of course here at SQA Stack Exchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go to my blog at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/&lt;/a&gt; and click the &quot;What People Are Writing&quot; tab, you'll see a list of recent entries from blogs related to QA and Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-09-04T23:50:38.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6745" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-05T05:45:07.267" Score="14" ViewCount="53691" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was applying for QA position and the SDET asked me this question: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;How do you test a backend API?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the interview. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wasn't sure I answered it correctly. Just wondering if I can get some input from someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5932" LastEditorUserId="18186" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T11:24:03.890" LastActivityDate="2018-03-19T14:06:57.073" Title="How do you test a backend API?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6745" CreationDate="2013-09-05T06:01:38.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general I think you should not expect a mocked front-end that's hooked up to the API calls for testing (however if you have one lucky you!). Instead, API functions are generally tested with unit and integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll need visibility into the API function calls themselves, so the testing will be white-box or at least grey-box. You should be provided with a Specifications Document which should list the signatures of each API function (the input parameters, the function or method name, and the return type). Then from the Spec Doc you'll write unit tests (in my case I prefer PHPUnit) to sanity check the input and returns for each API function, such as testing for boundary values and null inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, if the API is part of a service you'll also want to to integration testing. These tests will be similar to &quot;end to end&quot; tests for the service where you test entire features that include calls to the API functions. You'll typically begin an integration test at a customer entry point, and verify the return as valid if it's correct for the customer. Personally I prefer Behat Mink or Cucumber for my feature tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's my high level overview of how I would go about testing an API, hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-09-05T06:01:38.193" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6742" CreationDate="2013-09-05T12:20:47.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you want to focus in automated testing, I think you should start learning a programming language that is very suitable for unit and automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would start with Python using the Django framework, which is easy to learn and supports easy and useful testing libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you know the basics of testing in practice, you can widen your knowledge with proper literature and further languages and libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5139" LastActivityDate="2013-09-05T12:20:47.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6745" CreationDate="2013-09-05T16:30:44.560" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;How you approach testing an API depends on a lot of things.  Will the API be a public API that will be consumed by some external people/systems, or is it a part of a larger product's infrastructure?  API is a general term that is sometimes used to describe anything from a COM interface, to a DLL or JAR you can reference, to a REST web service.  Different approaches can be applied to testing these different things.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, if the API is part of your infrastructure you can test it pretty thoroughly through unit testing and the use of the product that consumes it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is an externally consumable API then you need to be much more thorough because people could use it in different ways than you might expect and send data in much different formats, etc.  It also usually needs to make sense, be intuitive and be well documented if it is externally consumable.  You would also need to be more cautious about what is private and public, which may not be as important for an API that is only used by a single product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing an API nearly always requires you to create some sort of consumer for testing purposes.  You have to be able to interact with the API.  The consumer is usually very simple - or an existing tool - and driven by automated test cases and not manual user interaction, although I have seen cases where people created a complex GUI app for testing purposes, and cases where the testing was still mostly manual through exercising that app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the API has dependencies, you may choose to mock those dependencies out so you can more thoroughly test all of those interactions and hit all of the positive and negative code paths.  For instance, if the API interacts with a database and has the ability to create, modify and delete data you may want to mock the interaction with the database to more easily test cases such as deleting a record when it does not exist, or when it is the final record, or when it is unable to be deleted because of dependencies or even when the connection to the database is unavailable - you can then see how your API would handle these situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T18:51:28.450" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T18:51:28.450" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6734" CreationDate="2013-09-05T17:30:40.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've successfully used &lt;a href=&quot;http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qtestlib-manual.html#qtestlib&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QTestLib&lt;/a&gt;. It has all the basic functionality of a test automation framework and is designed for Qt applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5939" LastActivityDate="2013-09-05T17:30:40.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6745" CreationDate="2013-09-07T16:38:46.663" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Choosing the tool is not the only decision you need to make when testing an API. As for any testing task you need to decide:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What aspects of the program are you testing?&lt;/strong&gt; What application features do you want to cover with API testing? Are you going to verify some stateful scenarios (e.g. when user is logged in)? Or maybe you want to verify how an API behaves for different configurations? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What types of problems are you looking for?&lt;/strong&gt; What part of application is most probable to fail? In what conditions? Are there functional or performance problem? This should help you understand what are scenarios that are easier/faster/cheaper to test with API instead of using frontend. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How will you tell whether a test passed or failed?&lt;/strong&gt; How to evaluate whether a system behave correctly after you made a request to the API? Will you evaluate only explicit API response (e.g. it confirms it has sent an email) or you want also to verify whether it actual did what it says (the email was actually sent your account)? Furthermore, how do you know what is an expected result for a given API call? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What tasks, specifically, will you do?&lt;/strong&gt; Depending on the directions taken in the previous answers, you can think of exploratory testing, when you just explore API behaviour, hunt for some particular bugs, or define thorough test cases in advance? Whether you perform the manually or you automate them? Whether you will perform some functional tests or rather performance or load testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who will do the testing&lt;/strong&gt;? Will you be the one who will test API, or maybe you will have some people who will write customer applications to test different parts of the API? How much do you know about API related technologies to automate the tests? The answer will help you to choose the right tools to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you probably have too little information to make definitive decisions that could satisfy you, your interviewer and stakeholders in a company. So, you could ask interviewer more questions about the nature of the backend API:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who or what is the consumer of the API? Front-end tier being a part of SUT or an external client app? Maybe there is no frontend? Is this a public API or internal used only by a few people? The answer will tell you how thoroughly you should test the API?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What scenarios have been covered in end-to-end test with frontend included and what scenarios have not been? What are the challenges when testing via frontend? The answers will guide you to the type of scenarios you should cover and those you should not. For instance, if invalid input validation functionality is implemented only on the backend side, this is one area to stress in API tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What technology is used to expose an API? SOAP or REST Web service, RMI, CORBA, command-line, COM, etc. The answer will imply what kind of tool or programming language you should use to implement test cases. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there some formal specification for API? Or you need to guess an expected behavior somehow, e.g., from specification for UI?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the backend talks to other components in the system? To database? Does it contacts external services? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2013-09-07T16:38:46.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6745" CreationDate="2013-09-08T17:50:24.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually your question is good but the answer may be too descriptive as it is a generalized one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are in the domain of Online Media. The part of backend API testing that we used to do includes : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First of all we understood the functionality of the system where the role of API comes in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then we developed the end-to-end tests using JS and those API which are working in backend.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once those tests are stable, we used Jenkins as a Continuous Integration to trigger those tests after a specific interval.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then we used to observe the results in the output of Jenkins test. If the tests is pass we are green to go, but if it failed then we used to investigate that and then a bug can be filed on that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this way we used to test backend API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastActivityDate="2013-09-08T17:50:24.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6742" CreationDate="2013-09-08T18:07:00.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome in the field of Software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start with any of the automation tool available in the market. The current market scope is for :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium IDE and Selenium WebDriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cucumber (BDD Framework)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestNG ( to cover all categories of tests:  unit, functional, end-to-end, integration etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Out of the above, you can start with Selenium IDE and WebDriver which is mainly used for browser automation. You will fine dozens of sites if you google about Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastEditorUserId="5298" LastEditDate="2013-09-08T18:39:26.957" LastActivityDate="2013-09-08T18:39:26.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6753" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-09T07:08:28.393" Score="1" ViewCount="1151" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the pros and cons of using selenium and TTCN 3 for automation? Which one of the two is better and in which scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5946" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T14:38:01.367" Title="What are the pros and cons of using selenium and TTCN 3 for automation? Which one of the two is better in which scenario?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-07-14T08:01:55.173" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6754" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-09T09:04:48.220" Score="1" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;Running the test set from the Test Lab always showing the stats as Not Completed but when the same test is run using QTP or when the same script is opened in QTP and run, the status is shown as Pass in run result viewer screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5947" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:15:42.493" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:15:42.493" Title="Quality Center: Test Lab always showing the stats as Not Completed" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2021-05-14T09:27:30.873" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6755" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-09T10:27:57.427" Score="2" ViewCount="456" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a complex software product, branched into Dev/Beta/Stable and having Hotfixes -- all branches migrate 'left to right' together time to time. We are writing functional tests (dozens, in future few hundred of kbytes of high level language code) and don't actually mess with original software code -- we test the executable. The question is about managing the tests on at leasts two branches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The software consists of several components. Some of them are parallel and their updates influe only 5% of our tests code. Some are perpendicular and touch everything. The perpendicular component change is solvable via versioning the abstract communication layers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My idea is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have a universal wrapper, which recognizes the version of software and:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in case of component's big change the wrapper runs another tests file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in case of tests set change the &lt;code&gt;skipIf Version &amp;gt;/&amp;lt;/==/...&lt;/code&gt; decorators work for us&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;remove outdated tests time to time according to Skip details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have a single branch (trunk) in a repository&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my collegue says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;branch the tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;time to time put one branch over another, throwing away the Stable one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;we don't need &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;s - they make code too complex&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So while we are developing several (at least Dev and Beta) branches at the same time, we would mess with folders and do copypaste. And what's wrong with &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;? I thought they are ok in programming...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: wanted tags: branching, code-organization, versioning, functional-testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5746" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T11:49:25.047" Title="To branch functional tests or to use software version conditionals?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6755" CreationDate="2013-09-09T11:49:25.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nakiton,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a quick summary of the information I gave in answers to the two questions referenced in the comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Branching is more maintenance overall, but makes sure that features&#xA;which should be in version X are in version X, and work in version X&#xA;as well as ensuring that test results are correct for the version. Ideally, branching should be managed along with automation machines such that the branch contains the full environment configuration instructions allowing each branch to set up and run the tests and application correctly. This is particularly important in applications with multiple licensing options and in tests against multiple operating systems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In-code version detection is initially simpler, but as version differences grow can become extremely unwieldy, particularly when features are also environment-specific (such as licensing options or operating systems). Eventually you end up with either large numbers of skipIf Version calls or large chunks of almost identical code. Neither is good for readability or maintainability. In addition, your feature-version oracle is scattered throughout the codebase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In code feature detection has similar advantages and disadvantages to version detection, but includes the risk that features which should be present in a version are not and the code passes because it checks against feature and not version. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method I've seen most often is to maintain branches that roughly correspond to the minor release (in a Version.MajorRelease.MinorRelease.Build arrangement), and label each branch as it's created. Almost all script development happens against the active development branch, with some being merged to the current maintenance/beta branch if that is also employing the feature in question. Automation runs start by pulling from the appropriate branch then configuring the environment to match the branch instructions (which prevents permissions being incorrectly set due to restructuring of licensing). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T11:49:25.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6757" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6758" CreationDate="2013-09-09T13:50:43.720" Score="10" ViewCount="3073" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, after every action that adds or changes data, we &lt;em&gt;verify&lt;/em&gt; that that data was successfully added/changed in the database by querying the tables directly. I feel this is  redundant because that data is already being pulled by the application and is displayed correctly (or incorrectly) in the application. Wouldn't any data inconsistencies expose themselves in the application itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the jist of the issue, but I will provide a simplified test case to expand on what I'm talking about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Go to user &quot;John Smith&quot; profile and update his phone number from &quot;(999) 999-9999&quot; to &quot;(666) 666-6666&quot; and click the save button in the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Verify application displays &quot;Successfully changed user profile&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Go to preview profile and verify John Smith's profile reflects the changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Verify table USER_PROFILE in DBusers database updated with changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it necessary to check the table in the database if we've already verified the application is displaying the data correctly? The application is ALREADY pulling the data from the database table, so obviously if the application is displaying the data correctly then the data in the database is correct. Am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More info:&lt;/strong&gt; To me, it seems that the only practical purpose for verifying a database directly (for our circumstances) would be to verify that any data replication is successful. We have web and console based apps that use separate DBMSs. The two we use are SQL Server and DB2. After specific data is added to SQL Server, a job runs that replicates it to DB2. They have different structures, so the tables / fields are all different between the two. I can understand verifying this replication has performed successfully.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5948" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-09T19:53:31.697" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T16:54:24.250" Title="Is it necessary to verify databases for functional automation testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6757" CreationDate="2013-09-09T14:47:42.837" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your application uses an API to interact with the database.  It is possible to  write your API in such a way that it presents correct results to the application and yet still uses the database in the wrong way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, imagine a database with an EMPLOYEE table and a MANAGER table.  The tables are alike -- e.g. each contains a first name, last name, company email address, and salary -- but the EMPLOYEE table is only for non-managers and the MANAGER table is only for managers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now imagine a database API with two classes, one per table.  The programmer writes the employee code first.  The manager code is almost the same, so the programmer makes a copy of the employee code and then edits it.  He changes the name of the class, and he changes the method names.  And then right before he's about to change the name of the table from EMPLOYEE to MANAGER, he's distracted: he decides to grab another cup of coffee, or he remembers he hasn't read the latest XKCD, or he notices a new insightful SQA comment from Sam Woods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the time the programmer gets back to work, he's forgotten about changing that table name, so he compiles the code and then writes some unit tests.  The tests for both employee and manager do the same kinds of things.  One test creates the object, writes it, and then reads it back.  Another test tries to read an object that isn't in the database.  Maybe there's an update test and a remove test or a test to write several objects and read them back.  Those tests all pass, so the programmer declares victory.  Of course, there's a bug in the code: manager records are written to the EMPLOYEE table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are different kinds of tests you could have used to find this particular problem.  One way would have been to call the method that retrieves the entire contents of each table.  But if the application doesn't need that method, it may not occur to you to add it just for test purposes.  Another way would have been to query the database using something more trustworthy than your database API, i.e. raw SQL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My example is contrived but I think it gets the point across.  You can find a similar question (and some answers) at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6522/is-it-ok-to-use-the-classes-under-test-to-initialize-the-database-for-the-tests&quot;&gt;Is it OK to use the classes under test to initialize the database for the tests?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T18:35:46.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6759" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-09T15:33:58.620" Score="1" ViewCount="1840" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Selenium IDE browser extension is great for quick and easy automated tests. However, it doesn't seem to have a way to report the results when unattended. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What ways are there to get reports from Selenium IDE, i.e. by mail or posted to a URL?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5447" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T22:10:51.940" Title="What is a good way to receive test results from Selenium IDE browser extension?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6757" CreationDate="2013-09-09T16:24:50.757" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Wouldn't any data inconsistencies expose themselves in the application&#xA;  itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe, maybe not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen cases where applications lost some data after you've logged off. So while the UI looked fine, the database was actually incorrect after logoff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, are you sure that every single element in the database is being displayed in the UI somewhere? That would be very rare in my experience. Fields like &quot;last updated date&quot; are often logged within the database, but not exposed to users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, how do you ensure that extra rows aren't incorrectly being created - rows that aren't exposed in the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;so obviously if the application is displaying the data correctly then&#xA;  the data in the database is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the UI element that captures and stored the data, and the UI element that displays the data, are both making the same mistake - then it is indeed possible for the database to be incorrect, but the UI to hide that fact. I've seen that happen occasionally. One I can recall was a data field that was stored incorrect, but the UI that transformed it made the same assumptions as the UI that accepted the data from the user and stored it. The result was that a report which was added later (and didn't make the same mistake as the UI) ended up not working correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've have seldom found UI-only verification to be sufficient. On the other hand, I do think that querying the database after every single action might be overkill. Perhaps you can chunk some actions together and only query the database then?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T16:24:50.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6757" CreationDate="2013-09-09T16:33:25.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to user246's excellent example, some other cases where you'd want to validate the database storage in your scenario would include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have a bulk update/insert function where it's impractical to validate the results via the front end, such as importing new user records from a CSV file. While you can go in through the front end and check that each record you imported is present and correct in the GUI, it's a LOT faster to do a bulk database read and compare against the expected results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your database storage uses dependent records such as storing all addresses in a separate table. Here you would need to check that for a delete, the dependent records were also removed, something that is not going to show up in a front end check.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As Joe said, not all fields in the database are exposed to the front end. Calculated fields, timestamps and the like all need to be checked. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where the application uses the database to store transitional records, you may need to check the relevant tables after each step to ensure that the correct data is stored and cleared. The example I know best is purchasing items with a limited quantity. If the quantity available is 30, and someone adds 5 to their cart, that quantity 5 must be held and quantity available decreased by 5 until either purchased (in which case the 5 held is cleared and the quantity sold increases by 5) or the purchase is cancelled (in which case the 5 held is cleared, and the quantity available is increased by 5). Without those checks, problems with clearing available quantities may not become evident until a later purchase - particularly if the transitional records include dependent records.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T16:33:25.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6757" CreationDate="2013-09-09T20:25:12.877" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't want to repeat great answers other have provided, but I would like to share with one more lesson I learned about using database in tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combining feedback you have from both database assertions and UI assertions, often in one test, can be very useful for test case design, test execution performance and defect root cause isolation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you spot an error in database, checking whether it occurs also in UI can help you define a severity. Maybe if corrupted data are not displayed in main screens, then the problem is less severe?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploring database data and finding something smelly or suspicious can help invent new end-to-end test scenario, that would confirm your guess&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complex algorithms may log intermediary results in database, while in the UI you see only the final output. Having intermediary results in your test report will help you when investigating the root cause.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In long, multi-step user scenarios the time between saving the data into database and displaying it back on UI might take time, e.g. in e-shopping scenario. Why wait until the final step, if you can shorten test execution time and fail it fast? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-09T20:30:21.383" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T20:30:21.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6759" CreationDate="2013-09-09T22:10:51.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sebuilder/se-builder/wiki/_pages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt;, then all you need to do is run a Jenkins instance (with the Selenium Builder plugin installed) and then you can have Jenkins send you the necessary messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2013-09-09T22:10:51.940" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6764" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6790" CreationDate="2013-09-10T05:24:18.793" Score="3" ViewCount="9111" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to test a local website link for a possible XSS attack. Can you please help me looking for a solution in way that if i add some script tag to the end of the URL under test, then it either throw and exception or an alert. For Eg: If link under test is: &lt;code&gt;https://testmysite/login.aspx&lt;/code&gt; then what kind of script I can append with URL so that it returns an Exception or an Alert. I hope that the question is clear. Pardon me if this has been already asked as I am unable to find the exact problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3069" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T12:18:50.227" Title="How to add a script tag to the end of a URL which can be covered as a part of XSS Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6764" CreationDate="2013-09-10T18:53:45.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check this out:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acunetix.com/websitesecurity/cross-site-scripting/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.acunetix.com/websitesecurity/cross-site-scripting/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their example is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  alert('This is an XSS Vulnerability')&#xA;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-10T19:34:09.490" LastActivityDate="2013-09-10T19:34:09.490" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6769" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-12T10:46:35.023" Score="-2" ViewCount="1730" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am working in a selenium automated project and I look for a jump to get paid more.I have an experience of 2 years in selenium automation.&#xA;I Just want to know how much salary I should ask as my current CTC of 3.5 lakh Indian Rupee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5275" LastActivityDate="2013-09-12T10:56:17.353" Title="How much is paid for a Selenium Automation Tester who has an overall experience of 3 years?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-09-12T17:15:30.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6769" CreationDate="2013-09-12T10:56:17.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no real answer here. You should ask whatever your specific skills will command in your specific market, and for the specific job you are seeking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explore local job sites to see what is being offered in similar positions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is an equivalent for salary.com in your part of the world, look there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-09-12T10:56:17.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6772" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-12T12:23:01.460" Score="4" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;We as an organisation need to provide our regulator with a description of the processes describing how we &quot;handle&quot; software (usually computational software) that we buy or obtain from others. These processes are typically getting the right software, installation on our systems, installation testing and verification, validation, how to handle updates from the supplier (bug fixes vs upgrades in functionality and whether or not to upgrade), retirement, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone point me to relevant ISO/IEEE/... standards or guidelines where such processes are described? I have been looking at some IEEE standards (1074-2006, 1058-1998, 730-2002,...) but the focus there always lies on software that the organisation itself develops. I need some internationally recognized standard from which I can derive a kind of software configuration plan (I hope that's the right terminology) for our software in which the general processes I mentioned are specialized for our organisation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5961" LastEditorUserId="5961" LastEditDate="2013-09-14T09:39:01.260" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T15:03:08.450" Title="Are there standards describing the different processes for software QA on software that you buy/obtain?" Tags="&lt;standards&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6773" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6774" CreationDate="2013-09-12T13:54:47.763" Score="1" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently gone through a Test Automation pattern i.e., BeyondPageObjectpattern in Selenium. While going through the code I came across a package WTWebUIAuto. Can anybody give me some info about this package ? I am not able to find any info about this package any where. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Praveen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5966" LastActivityDate="2013-09-12T16:33:43.787" Title="Need info about WTWebUIAUTO package in .NET" Tags="&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6773" CreationDate="2013-09-12T16:33:43.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I actually wrote that library while I was at a company creating automation for them.  I had plans to open source it, but unfortunately never was able to and have since moved to a different company.  In the presentation I was using the library I created, however you can build your own abstraction layer that does many of the things I talked about as well, or use other existing libraries that provide similar functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have recently discovered and been using &quot;Geb&quot; which is an abstraction on top of Selenium that does almost everything that was in the WTWebUIAuto library I wrote, and even goes beyond and has some additional functionality that I really like.  It requires you to write your code in Groovy, but I would recommend this library.  Whoever created it thought nearly identically to me in terms of how they wanted a UI Automation library to function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-09-12T16:33:43.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6319" CreationDate="2013-09-12T19:35:26.823" Score="4" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use JUnit to handle the running of the tests from the Jenkins server.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use JDBC to query the DB for new rows.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change up the Tomcat servers so they send logging events back to the Jenkins serverJUnit test.  You'll need to write a little socket listener for the JUnit test to gather the Tomcat events (Writing an LoggingEvent listener isn't hard.  I'm not brilliant coder and I got the event listener with Observer-Observables working in less than a day.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java has tons of http(s) GET/POST capabilities so wget shouldn't be hard to implement either.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know of a testing framework that will let you abstract away all the boilerplate code of building JDBC connections, SSH output, etc.  Maybe Spring does that kind of abstraction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you looked at JBehave?  It's an acceptance testing framework that sits on top of JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastEditorUserId="2667" LastEditDate="2013-09-13T13:57:45.027" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T13:57:45.027" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6776" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6792" CreationDate="2013-09-12T21:36:40.357" Score="3" ViewCount="584" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't want to describe the domain I work in at my work, so I will describe some fake scenario; might be silly but hopefully illustrative enough. Let's say we have a system that qualifies whether an employee deserves for promotion or not and want to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The system recognizes such candidates for promotion by counting how many hours in a row a user did overtime, how many commitments it completed. It does not operates on statistics, but do calculate them themselves based on the work registered by the user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could set data for test in a very precise way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;createUser()&#xA;  .with(overtime().on(DayOfWeek.FRIDAY).from(16).to(20))&#xA;  .with(overtime().on(DayOfWeek.SATURDAY).from(10).to(15))&#xA;  .with(overtime().on(DayOfWeek.SUNDAY).from(14).to(19))&#xA;  .with(commitment().plannedFor(days(5)).completedIn(days(1))&#xA;  .with(commitment().plannedFor(days(1)).completedIn(days(3));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I could also define a specification for the test data that is more concise &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;createUser()&#xA; .with(overtime().of(hours(13).including(weekends()))&#xA; .with(commitments().completedBeforeDeadline(0.5))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and is used by the test framework to generate actual data for the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having this kind of abstraction in the test (only a few most important variables), I am immediately able to grasp the idea of test. Also, I can write much more combinations of test in a short time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know we haven't invented a wheel, so I would like to read more about this approach, its risks etc but don't know how to search for it. How do you call it? Is it somehow related to BDD? Or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T08:25:49.087" Title="Test data specification to generate actual test data" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6776" CreationDate="2013-09-12T22:22:59.970" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is the &lt;em&gt;Builder&lt;/em&gt; pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not specific to BDD. It's fairly common in integration tests and functional tests. It's less used in unit test, which typically have less need for complex data setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test data builder might either construct data, or find relevant data in a database. (I strongly prefer building data from scratch, but that's a rant for another day.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your second example focuses very nicely on the &lt;em&gt;intention&lt;/em&gt; of the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the essence of the test is that the overtime be on weekends, the first example clutters the test with incidental details that do not clearly express the intention. A reader could maybe puzzle it out, especially if the test name indicates that the test has something to do with weekend overtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-09-12T22:22:59.970" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6772" CreationDate="2013-09-13T11:21:41.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should research about CMMI for Acquisition: &lt;a href=&quot;http://cmmiinstitute.com/cmmi-solutions/cmmi-for-acquisition/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cmmiinstitute.com/cmmi-solutions/cmmi-for-acquisition/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5139" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T11:21:41.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-13T12:16:34.463" Score="0" ViewCount="252" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool for manual testing with the following features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;defining test scenarios (card no. 14, sale) and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expected results: (Transaction authorized, declined...) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;show dialog window with steps to the tester (what should he do: e.g. insert card to ATM, enter pin...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check the expected results (Transaction authorized, declined), which were defined in the beggining with data in database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5973" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-13T18:27:22.890" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T13:32:10.283" Title="Is there such a tool for manual testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5016" CreationDate="2013-09-13T12:51:44.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here an overview over the courses provided by CA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ca.com/us/~/media/Files/LearningPaths/ca-lisa.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ca.com/us/~/media/Files/LearningPaths/ca-lisa.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tswgl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5974" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T12:51:44.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6780" CreationDate="2013-09-13T14:57:19.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've created a similar tool in the past. I happened to use WinTask, but you could easily use your favorite scripting language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My need was for some repeated, automation-assisted manual testing across a multitude of browsers during the period where the UI was undergoing a series of rapid changes. I needed these tests to be performed by a contractor will very little experience in our product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tester was instructed to fire up the browser if needed, perform the listed steps manually, then press a function key when ready. The script then took a picture of the resulting page, performed the database query, compared the results to the expected results, and moved on to the next step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything was logged for later review by more senior, experienced testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We already had the manual steps listed in a document, so it was a pretty trivial process to put them in the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what you are trying to accomplish here, but I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-09-13T15:19:26.123" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T15:19:26.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6772" CreationDate="2013-09-13T14:58:43.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This link can provide you some guidance on IT requirements for regulatory compliance such as SOx, HIPPA, etc. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.metricstream.com/insights/IT_sys_val.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.metricstream.com/insights/IT_sys_val.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T14:58:43.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6780" CreationDate="2013-09-13T16:59:38.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand you correctly, this is, as Joe said, something you can write yourself. It's also something that some of the commercial and open source test management tools offer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ones I know about are Microsoft Test Manager (with Team Foundation Server) and TestLink. Both allow someone to define tests with test steps as detailed as you want them to be (down to &quot;click the OK button&quot;) and expected results at a similar level. Both will guide the test executor through the test by displaying the current test step until the user gives some result and optionally enters more information about the system. Both will store the result in their database (TestLink uses its own database, MS Test Manager uses the Team Foundation Server database). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T16:59:38.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-13T17:40:14.283" Score="0" ViewCount="841" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating Peoplesoft through Selenium. Web driver is able to locate the web element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.println.out(driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;Element_id&quot;).getAttribute(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web driver prints the name attribute of that element, but when I am trying to click it fails:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;Element_id&quot;).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;although it does not throw error message, and the web driver remain in running status, without terminating itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5976" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-13T18:22:25.383" LastActivityDate="2013-09-14T05:45:49.567" Title="Web driver fails performing click operation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6786" CreationDate="2013-09-13T18:32:55.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of explanations.  The most common one is that the element that is identified is actually a different element than you expected to identify.  It's less common with id's which should be unique, but it can happen still if a dev accidentally gives multiple elements on a page the same ID, or if there is something duplicating an element and the logic doesn't exist to update the ID for each duplicate element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another explanation could be that the element you found is not the element that is expected to be clicked.  Maybe it is a child (or in rarer cases a parent or sibling) of the element that is actually receiving the click events.  Try clicking on the parent or ancestor element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another explanation could be that Selenium is performing the click, but the element is actually expecting some event to be fired that Selenium's &quot;click&quot; doesn't trigger.  Maybe you have to hover over the element first and then click?  Maybe it's something more cryptic like expecting a non-standard event?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully it's one of these explanations, if not let me know and maybe we can troubleshoot further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T18:32:55.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6788" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6789" CreationDate="2013-09-13T20:41:54.533" Score="2" ViewCount="2990" Body="&lt;p&gt;When looking at the Plan view of a scrum RapidBoard, is it possible to add issues directly to a sprint? There is a link against the Epics for adding directly to an Epic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1482" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:34:07.773" Title="JIRA: Agile: adding jira issues directly to a sprint" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6788" CreationDate="2013-09-13T21:30:05.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You may enter the Sprint Id the in the 'Sprint' field while creating the ticket -&gt; (this is kind of pain as you need to know the id of the Sprint and not the name)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;[Update] - You cannot create a ticket directly in the current Sprint (at least the way my JIRA is configured) except by adding the Sprint Id.  When I had one of the tickets in the current Sprint selected, and I created a new ticket, it does, however, place the newly created ticket at the top of the backlog.  At least, this makes it easier to just pull in the current Sprint&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:34:07.773" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:34:07.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6764" CreationDate="2013-09-13T22:10:46.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Joe's resource, the OWASP site has a lot on XSS too: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross-site_Scripting_%28XSS%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross-site_Scripting_%28XSS%29&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also encourage you to look a bit further than OWASP once you get those base concepts down.  There are MANY ways to bypass basic XSS protections.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2013-09-13T22:10:46.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6786" CreationDate="2013-09-14T05:45:49.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using &lt;code&gt;SendKeys&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;Element_id&quot;).SendKeys(&quot;\n&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5945" LastActivityDate="2013-09-14T05:45:49.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6776" CreationDate="2013-09-14T18:59:06.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is the &lt;em&gt;Specification&lt;/em&gt; design pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was writing my question (I'm the OP) I did not know Eric Evans and Martin Fowler already &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/apsupp/spec.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;defined&lt;/a&gt; it. It originally addressed the problem of  validation whether a given candidate object matches certain criteria (a specification), by defining &lt;code&gt;Speficiation&lt;/code&gt; interface with a &lt;code&gt;isSatisfiedBy(Candidate c)&lt;/code&gt; boolean method. Specification was said to be also a solution to the problem described in the OP question: to generate test data matching certain specification. The authors generalized it to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You need to describe what an object might do, without explaining the&#xA;  details of how the object does it, but in such a way that a candidate&#xA;  might be built to fulfill the requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think their example of this problem, even if not discussed in testing context, is more illustrative than mine (in the original question):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The customer provides a route specification for the shipment. The shipping company will use the specification as a constraint in coming up with a route.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, you won't find much details how to implement that in their article. I would start from a generic interface &lt;code&gt;CandidateGenerator&lt;/code&gt; with the &lt;code&gt;generateCandidateMatching(Specification s): Candidate&lt;/code&gt; method. The interface can be implemented using one of the following patterns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_method_pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Factory&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; pattern, that &lt;em&gt;constructs&lt;/em&gt; a candidate matching the specification, as user246 suggested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finder&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;pattern&quot;, that &lt;em&gt;searches&lt;/em&gt; for a candidate (e.g., in a database), e.g., RouteFinder would query route database for a route, by &lt;a href=&quot;http://besnikgeek.blogspot.com/2010/08/specification-pattern-versus-query.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;translating a specification into one or more database queries&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hq8ac.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Factory with Finders&lt;/strong&gt;, a combination of above: &lt;em&gt;search&lt;/em&gt; database for available itineraries and then &lt;em&gt;construct&lt;/em&gt; a new route with those itineraries.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design guidelines&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Having specification implemented you can always verify whether CandidateFinder or CandidateFactory returns correct candidate by passing it to  the &lt;code&gt;isSatisfiedBy()&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specification can be a composition of smaller specifications (as Evans and Fowler envisioned), so generating a final candidate can be done by generating candidates for smaller specification and then combining them together. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Naive implementation of a Finder would be to iterate over all candidates and evaluate specification over each of them. It is naive, because this approach &#xA;might be inefficient and not always possible (you might not have access to all candidates); that's why DBMS build query plan for a query.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specification can be defined with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Builder_pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Builder&lt;/a&gt; pattern, as Dale Emery proposed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-15T08:25:49.087" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T08:25:49.087" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6803" CreationDate="2013-09-15T08:54:59.313" Score="4" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's someone who oversees QA - let's call him Joe. During 2 years of development we haven't had real load tests. Now release is getting close and QA is responsible for preparing and executing load tests. We (dev team) have suggested, that the load tests should be prepared and executed ASAP, before UAT starts and re-executed at least once before release. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our proposal has been refused by Joe. The reason was that code is still changing and every code change could possibly break test scripts and require them to be updated. Joe explained that load tests should happen after code freeze, preferably after everything is already approved by the business. It was also refused by head of QA for the same reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not really into testing, so - is this really the way to go? Is it common practice to load test just before the release? Or are they all insane?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5985" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-15T08:56:22.327" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T11:51:39.047" Title="Load testing only on stable code?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6794" CreationDate="2013-09-15T10:03:26.267" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the system needs to scale to many concurrent users or work with lots of data, I would say load testing should be started as early as possible. This way possible problems in the application architecture can be found in a phase where it is still possible to fix them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Couple examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Let's say that the database schema is such that some queries will be slow with a large number of rows. Computers are nowadays so quick that nearly any query is fast with small amount of data and problems start only with a larger datasets. You really don't want to change database structure just before release. Load testing can be started as soon as database structure is decided, no need to wait for GUI to be ready. If the structure changes, earlier performance results can be used to evaluate the impact of the change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Similarly problems in GUI may occur only with load. Maybe some third party library seems fine, but actually sorts stuff with bubble sort. Maybe another is not thread-safe but crashes or returns wrong data with certain timings. Maybe separate parts accidentally use same mutexes and cause deadlocks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the system is designed for 1000 concurrent users. How it behaves with 2000 users? Does it crash, became unusable slow or gracefully serve some users and ask others to try again later?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not really possible to find these problems without testing. In my experience fixing this kind problems take time. If they are tested only just before release, any problem can cause delay in release schedule. As with nearly everything, test as early as possible, even if it's just a part of the whole system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastEditorUserId="2338" LastEditDate="2013-09-15T10:09:44.073" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T10:09:44.073" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6794" CreationDate="2013-09-15T10:19:28.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would ask a number of questions before deciding when and what to load test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where performance problems tend to occur more often in your project: at UI, backend, or integration of UI with backend?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What part of your system is more stable? Horizontally, backend services or UI? How stable is the API between frontend and backend? Are there any integration problems that will result in changing backend implementation? Those parts may not be the best candidates for load testing now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What functionality is the most stable, across all layers (frontend and backed)? They could be good candidates for more final tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI tends to be an object of more frequent changes than the backend services API, so I can understand why your is QA reluctant to automate testing of that part. Also, my feeling is (could some expert confirm or reject that, please?) that load testing focuses on backend testing rather than on frontend part. Still, there are design patterns, like PageObject, that make your UI test scripts more resilient to UI changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, given the fact that you already have automated tests for the backend services, you could reuse those tests for load testing. That might be also easier to arrange in your organization, given the fact, devs are willing to load testing now and are owners of automated scripts for the backend services. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if you haven't done this so far, you may start sharing your automated tests with QA. Having the results of those tests, she or he could review both the tests results, test cases quality and coverage, and become more confident about stability of the system. And then, possibly, limit manual tests to areas are need more attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T10:19:28.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6798" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-15T11:52:06.490" Score="3" ViewCount="21077" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have an application coming up, which is a hybrid application developed using Phonegap. This will be available to us as APK and IPA packages.&#xA;I have been trying Android ADT Emulator, it is painfully slow and not easy to setup for newbies. But yes, it works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My biggest problem is iPhone. We dont have a Mac around, and need to run emulator that runs on PC. Second problem is Andorid emulator, something which is faster would be better. Something that can directly accept APK files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Emulator for iPhone on &lt;strong&gt;PC&lt;/strong&gt; that accepts .ipa files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Faster/easier to setup emulator for Android that accepts .apk files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5987" LastEditorUserId="5987" LastEditDate="2013-09-16T04:01:33.890" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T21:00:41.743" Title="iPhone / Android Emulators for PC that works with apk / ipa files" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6799" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6800" CreationDate="2013-09-15T14:11:28.797" Score="0" ViewCount="713" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found Web browsers provides information that could be somehow useful for a tester/dev:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.har&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HAR&lt;/a&gt; (HTTP ARchive) files&lt;/strong&gt; that can be later viewed with HAR viewers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cURL command&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g., here is what I got when doing &quot;Copy as cURL&quot; for this web page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;curl '&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;' -H 'Accept-Encoding:&#xA;  gzip,deflate,sdch' -H 'Host: sqa.stackexchange.com' -H&#xA;  'Accept-Language: pl-PL,pl;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.4' -H 'User-Agent:&#xA;  Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)&#xA;  Chrome/29.0.1547.66 Safari/537.36' -H 'Accept:&#xA;  text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,&lt;em&gt;/&lt;/em&gt;;q=0.8' -H&#xA;  'Referer: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;' -H 'Cookie:&#xA;  __qca=P0-1782664706-1363204143275; sgt=id=372cfe23-66cf-4686-bd71-3fd115e4f32a;&#xA;  __utma=27693923.46027841.1363204138.1379233083.1379250315.372;   __utmb=27693923.15.10.1379250315; __utmc=27693923; __utmz=27693923.1375130388.204.7.utmcsr=google|utmccn=(organic)|utmcmd=organic|utmctr=(not%20provided);&#xA;  sqauser=t=WZvUS8s6IEWP&amp;amp;s=T2hKXHEgzkC7' -H 'Connection: keep-alive' -H&#xA;  'If-Modified-Since: Sun, 15 Sep 2013 13:46:59 GMT' --compressed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually include URLs, HTTP requests and responses (whole, or only header or body with JSON). So I wonder if cURL and HAR are better than that and if so, then how. Particularly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it make sense to attach them to a bug report? In what problems they can be useful?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How cURL command is better from simple URL or JSON request to reproduce the issue? Did cURL help you isolate any defect or understand the problem better than HTTP Request? It seems to me to be the same, just sending a request from command line seems more straightforward. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is HAR file useful only to understand performance problems? If so, then how? If no, then also how?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T23:34:30.377" Title="cURL and HAR for Web application testing" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6799" CreationDate="2013-09-15T17:02:31.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In what problems&#xA;  they can be useful? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cURL's output is the HTTP response, so I think they're equivalent.  You might choose to capture the output with cURL if capturing via the browser requires a lot of typing and clicking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How cURL command is better from simple URL or JSON&#xA;  request to reproduce the issue? Did cURL help you isolate any defect&#xA;  or understand the problem better than HTTP Request? It seems to me to&#xA;  be the same, just sending a request from command line seems more&#xA;  straightforward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is HAR file useful only to understand performance&#xA;  problems? If so, then how? If no, then also how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HAR captures traffic going in both directions, i.e. the requests and the responses.  If your developers or testers believe that reproducing a problem requires specifying things to that level of detail (e.g. instead of instructions in terms of clicking and typing), then the HAR is a good way to go.  It's easy enough to read them as regular text files, and there are fancy viewers for them too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-09-15T23:34:30.377" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T23:34:30.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-15T18:41:42.420" Score="2" ViewCount="711" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test a software across different operating systems for compatibility. Is using a virtual machine with different OSs installed a good way to test for compatibility? Is there a repository somewhere where I can use pre-built virtual machines for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5989" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T18:08:49.623" Title="Using virtual machines for OS compatibility testing of software" Tags="&lt;testing-environment&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6801" CreationDate="2013-09-15T20:02:47.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you'll be testing web applications, Saucelabs.com is my preferred tool for cross browser testing across different OS. They also support testing mobile apps now with Appium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T20:02:47.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6794" CreationDate="2013-09-15T23:06:26.257" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have been developing this system for 2 years and have never performed &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; load testing at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preparing for expected load is usually part of the &lt;em&gt;design&lt;/em&gt;. At this point, you are 2 years in, and may not have any evidence that your design is capable of supporting the required load. You &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; have performance and load requirements, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With any moderately-complex system (such as one that takes 2+ years to develop), there are always layers/components that can be tested at virtually any point in the development cycle, and which may cause performance and/or load problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the risk of being mean, I think you are &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; insane (or at least negligent), not just the tastefully-named QA lead. I agree with Joe that some load tests should happen after code freeze, preferably after everything is already approved by the business. I just violently disagree that load tests should happen &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; after freeze.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does Joe have trained performance/load testing people siting around with nothing else to do, waiting for code freeze? Or is this perhaps a resourcing or money issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you haven't already done so, try to get resources devoted to analyzing the performance/load risk right now, and assess where you are. Perhaps, due to past work on this platform, management is comfortable that there will be no problems. Perhaps not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-09-15T23:11:44.120" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T23:11:44.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6801" CreationDate="2013-09-15T23:16:55.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, virtual machines are a good way to test for compatibility across operating systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are indeed repositories of pre-built virtual machines. You can find them using a Google search. In your search string include something about the flavors of OSes you desire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example &quot;repository of linux virtual machine images&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the needs of you application and your test processes, however, it may be more efficient to build your own library configured to your specific needs, rather than relying on pre-built systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-09-15T23:16:55.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2013-09-16T08:03:32.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are going to build mobile apps, you need the right tools for the job. For the iPhone you need a mac. (Apple's license agreements require it.) You can get a mac mini from $599 US brand new, less if you go second hand. You will also need real test devices. Simulators alone are not good enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T08:03:32.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6806" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-16T09:07:52.520" Score="0" ViewCount="6638" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the Xpath to get the background-image CSS Property of a DIV tag whose ID is mentioned in Selenium Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;abc&quot;, style=&quot;width: 538px !important; height: 242px !important; background-image: url(http://test.com/images/abc.png); position: relative; background-position: 0% 0%;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to find this image with url: &lt;code&gt;http://test.com/images/abc.png&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5994" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-09-16T13:07:06.870" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T13:38:57.887" Title="Xpath to get the CSS property &quot;background image&quot; of DIV" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6794" CreationDate="2013-09-16T11:51:39.047" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few thoughts to add to the excellent suggestions others have made:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, full end-to-end load tests should ideally happen after code is stable. These will be used to find bottlenecks in the &lt;em&gt;interfaces&lt;/em&gt; between different components of your code. This kind of load test is probably what your QA people are thinking of when you say &quot;load test&quot; - and I'd hazard a guess that they aren't that experienced with load tests in the first place. It's a distinct sub-area of testing that many otherwise experienced testers and automators can find challenging.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before the end-to-end load tests, your organization would ideally have performed more isolated load tests on individual components of the application. For example, Website A communicates directly with Database B. Web service C picks up orders made on the website and sends them to Web service D for processing. Web service D processes the orders and updates both Database B and shipping database E. It's not unreasonable to assume that the communications interfaces for the web services will be sufficiently stable to load test - which will tell you before code freeze if there are significant design issues under load.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In any project large enough to require a 2 year development effort, there should be a degree of designing for load. This should include indexing of all searchable fields in the database or databases, multithreading requirements, concurrency and lock protections, and the like. Code inspection can be used to find potential danger points, and specific loading tests used to ensure those danger points will perform under load.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest that if you haven't already done so, you (as a dev team representative) offer to build component-specific load tests for the elements of your application and make the results of these available to the testing team. You might also offer to help with the development of load testing prior to code freeze so that you don't find your team scrambling to re-engineer fragile sections (which if the design is solid should &lt;em&gt;in theory&lt;/em&gt; not be an issue - but theory isn't reality and chances are issues have crept in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One final suggestion: when you're discussing this with the testing team, remember to frame your suggestions and questions as &quot;We're all in this together: we all want a good product going out the door&quot;. It's too easy for differences of opinion in different teams to become points of contention, and you don't want that. (Apologies if this seems insultingly obvious: I've seen it get lost in the stress of a major release far too many times.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T11:51:39.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6806" CreationDate="2013-09-16T13:38:57.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically HTML IDs are unique; if you know the ID, you do not need to know the element tag.  Of course it is possible to write a web page that uses duplicate IDs.  If your web page has duplicate IDs, you should complain to the developer.  For the rest of my answer, I will assume unique IDs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11268210/how-to-get-second-attribute-level-with-seleniums-xpath&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, XPath doesn't actually know anything about CSS styles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also assume you are using the Java language binding.  I Googled for &quot;webdriver webelement&quot;; the second link took me to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebElement javadoc&lt;/a&gt;, where I found the &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#getCssValue%28java.lang.String%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;getCssValue method&lt;/a&gt;.  Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;abc&quot;));&#xA;String bgImage = element.getCssValue(&quot;background-image&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T13:38:57.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6810" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-16T16:24:15.127" Score="3" ViewCount="1005" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to find a program that can take a list of url's and actually run them to see where they go. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take - www.example.com and see if it goes to www.example.com (no error/redircts) or if it goes to a redirect (i.e. sub.example.com) or if it throws a error such as 404, &amp;amp; 500.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list is about 900 domains long and we used to copy and paste each one into a browser and see what the end result was, then document what it returned. This has now become a pain since the client base is increasing extremely fast. A desktop app would be ideal, we would have to consider web apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5998" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-17T15:48:40.863" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T12:37:37.400" Title="URL Verification software" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6810" CreationDate="2013-09-16T16:41:18.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are comfortable writing up a script, it probably will take less than 50 lines to do what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use a programming language like python or java or something, you can use one of the URL libraries and make a request to the url.  If the response code is 200, that URL passes your test.  If not, you can mark it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also write up a quick bash script using curl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T16:41:18.503" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6810" CreationDate="2013-09-16T16:56:38.040" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Xenu Link Sleuth (&lt;a href=&quot;http://home.snafu.de/tilman/xenulink.html&quot;&gt;http://home.snafu.de/tilman/xenulink.html&lt;/a&gt;) can do that and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easy. It's fast. Best of all, it's free! (Free as in $0, but not Open Source)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-09-16T18:57:48.727" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T18:57:48.727" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2013-09-16T17:51:20.323" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that experienced users should write less detailed test scripts.  This allows them to go faster and write more tests for higher test coverage.  I also think it's good for experienced testers to both write and execute their own scripts.  During this process they can identify gaps.  Passing scripts to different testers slows down the process because, if they are just following prewritten scripts and don't see the big picture, a lot of time will be taken with them asking questions about the scripts themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5999" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T04:45:02.167" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T04:45:02.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6810" CreationDate="2013-09-16T20:06:04.100" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I like Joe's answer, I've seen this fail a few times.  I've seen it happen a few times where for a 'quick fix' a developer has put in javascript redirects on page load when they don't have access to the server itself.  In these kind of circumstances, I've found even using something like Selenium useful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be as simple as the following;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;public void FindSites()&#xA;{&#xA;  var listOfSites[] = new list[]{'site1', 'site2', 'site3'}&#xA;  var driver = new FireFoxDriver();&#xA;  foreach (var site in listOfSites)&#xA;    {&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(site);&#xA;    if(site != driver.Url)&#xA;      Console.WriteLine(&quot;Attempted to navigate to {0} &#xA;        but was redirected to {1}&quot;, site, driver.Url);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may not be horribly efficient, but, it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-09-16T20:06:04.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2013-09-16T21:16:48.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When writing scenarios using header+steps conventions I usually put preconditions, actors, involved system components in the header section + a brief summary and in the case of more complex scenarios, a &quot;dictionary&quot; of entities used in that particular scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In writing regular steps I try to follow a simple pattern for every step:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One sentence &lt;strong&gt;&amp;lt; Achieve the goal / do something &gt;&lt;/strong&gt; by following (micro)steps &amp;lt; list &gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Result:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One sentence of summary verified by &amp;lt; brief checklist of few key&#xA;factors that validate result &gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has the following advantage: new testers / user learn not only what has to be done, but also how an experienced tester may focus on the logic of the test, which allows not digging into details and therefore intuitive identifying gaps in scenario logic or in test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6002" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-17T11:35:33.310" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T11:35:33.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6801" CreationDate="2013-09-17T04:30:12.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Virtual Machines will be a good idea, But for Some issues its better for you to install os in a separate machine.See this &lt;a href=&quot;https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/38379/any-reason-not-to-run-linux-in-a-vm-all-the-time&quot;&gt;one&lt;/a&gt; why virtual machine is not always better&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any repository : yes there were many repository sites for it,Sites like oldapps.com would provide whatever the source you prefer and linux repositories were mostly open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:37:20.773" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T04:30:12.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6818" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6835" CreationDate="2013-09-17T04:38:37.133" Score="2" ViewCount="1752" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestLink has field name - &lt;code&gt;Execution Type&lt;/code&gt; which could be set for test case. It could be marked as Manual or Automated. I am keen to find a report on this field but did not see any similar report on execution type. There are test case reports for &lt;code&gt;Failed Test Cases&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Blocked Test Cases&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Not run Test Cases&lt;/code&gt; but no test report on execution type. The report on &quot;Execution Type&quot; could give overall picture on how many tests are automated in a plan. (though I know that not many agree with such statistics). &#xA;Is there a way to generate report on &lt;code&gt;Execution Type&lt;/code&gt; in TestLink&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T09:49:02.413" Title="TestLink Report on Execution Type" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2013-09-17T04:40:23.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youwave.com/download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;youwave&lt;/a&gt; android emulator for test running apk files ,But remember that you cant run any script based Solutions, Alternatively you could speed up your android emulator by trying out solutions from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1554099/slow-android-emulator&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Ios for testing native ipa packages there is no choice for windows upto now, one solution might be connecting your iphone and install iphone configuration utility for windows, This would give help you to inspect your application crash logs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T04:40:23.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6576" CreationDate="2013-09-17T16:21:13.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, actually you can manage Ranorex tests in a way they run simultaneously. Actually you will need a Ranorex runtime license for that. You can move part of  compiled tests to different computer and run it. Disadvantage is, that you will need to collect test report from multiple sources. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multithreading would not be possible as Ranorex is using your GUI, is moving your mouse etc. and needs working windows environment, therefore will not work (for example) in multiple accounts on the pc. Once desktop get locked by another user, test will stop. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Potentially you can try to run terminal services on Windows server. Not sure how this will behave as the license is for a single station. Each windows server has 2 simultaneously logged users as terminal services (Remote desktop). With special terminal service licenses you can get theoretically unlimited number of simultaneously working users. If you succeed this way, please let us know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to use Ranorex runtime license and multiple virtualised PC's. I get virtualised WinXp working with Ranorex remotely triggered by SSH script from linux build server. I can imagine, there would be more than one virtualised PC. Those can run on your computer trough VMWare player or Virtualbox. Eh, did I tell you that Ranorex license is locked to PC network name? Whatever is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T16:21:13.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2013-09-17T17:43:24.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This code tells Selenium to search up to 60 seconds for id-of-element to appear on the page.  Once it finds the element, you can interact with it.  If the element is not found within 60 seconds, a java.lang.AssertionError will be thrown with the reason being &quot;timeout&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (int second = 0;; second++){&#xA;        if (second &amp;gt;= 60)&#xA;            fail(&quot;timeout&quot;);&#xA;        try{&#xA;            if (1 == driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@id=\&quot;id-of-element&quot;]&quot;)).size()){&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@id=\&quot;id-of-element&quot;)).click();                    &#xA;                break;&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (Exception e){&#xA;      }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per Kate's comment, this code will not produce a wait time of 60 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To wait for an element to appear, I would use an implicit wait:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that whenever you call WaitForElement() or WaitForElements(), the driver will wait up to 60 seconds for the specified element or elements to appear. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp#implicit-waits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp#implicit-waits&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bizalgo.com/2012/01/14/timing-races-selenium-2-implicit-waits-explicit-waits/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bizalgo.com/2012/01/14/timing-races-selenium-2-implicit-waits-explicit-waits/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6008" LastEditorUserId="6008" LastEditDate="2013-09-17T20:01:02.663" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T20:01:02.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2013-09-17T18:32:52.110" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Sleep method is almost always the least acceptable way to synchronize an automated test. A better approach might be to register an event and check the event is raised when in the desired state, or use a polling loop which will can enable the test to proceed when the system is ready (e.g. an element id appears), or a timeout occurs if it takes more than a pre-determined max wait time. (See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/?p=652&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sleepy Automated Tests&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T18:32:52.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2013-09-17T20:28:19.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as android emulator is slower problem is concerned you could download android beta version and install using any virtual machine software it will load faster on android os.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5824" LastActivityDate="2013-09-17T20:28:19.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6801" CreationDate="2013-09-18T06:41:29.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For applications that exclusively run above the operating system layer, VMs should be sufficient test environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are doing testing for stuff like full disk encryption (exceptions acknowledged), you should consider limitations such as not being able to test workflows like pre-boot authentication (which would happen below the operating system layer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5750" LastActivityDate="2013-09-18T06:41:29.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6827" CreationDate="2013-09-19T05:16:02.150" Score="2" ViewCount="6959" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to create a Selenium Web driver java code where I can find all the hidden objects on the webpage and can be accessed. I want the count of all those hidden objects. Which property I can use in the code which can identify hidden objects because when I thought of using get Element by property so that i can search for objects with hidden property, it was not there. Is there anything i am missing here. Is it really possible ? Or do we need to know the id of the element to be found ? Any Inputs will be useful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3069" LastEditorUserId="3069" LastEditDate="2013-09-19T10:47:33.900" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T11:58:46.263" Title="Selenium Webdriver code in Java to search hidden Objects in Web Browser" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6826" CreationDate="2013-09-19T05:49:58.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What kind of hidden objects are you looking for? If it's any HTML tags with the attribute &lt;code&gt;display: none;&lt;/code&gt; try using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;[display=none]&quot;));&#xA;int count = elements.size();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This uses CSS matching to find all HTML elements with the display attribute equal to none. Then get the size of the returned list with the &lt;code&gt;size()&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastEditorUserId="5691" LastEditDate="2013-09-19T05:58:38.203" LastActivityDate="2013-09-19T05:58:38.203" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2013-09-19T08:02:45.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't ever use sleep in your test. Every sleep you have indicates to a bad test design. Let's say you have a sleep of 1000ms, but it takes 1002ms to load something - your test will break. If it takes 996ms, you are wasting time. That been said, I just answered pretty much the same question in Stack Overflow - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18843581/wait-for-elment-webdriver-pageobject-pattern/18844275#18844275&quot;&gt;Wait for element - WebDriver - PageObject pattern&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6021" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T04:20:49.190" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T04:20:49.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6829" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6830" CreationDate="2013-09-19T10:36:09.383" Score="2" ViewCount="927" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am newbie to Test Automation.Currently I got an oppurtunity to work with selenium Web driver.I just want to know whether I need to learn Database like MYSQL,OR ORACLE to work with selenium.&#xA;Also I need to know whether any need comes if I need to create queries for making automation script more power full.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5275" LastActivityDate="2013-09-19T19:32:12.267" Title="Should Selenium Automation Testers possess knowledge on Database concepts and to write queries in the script?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6829" CreationDate="2013-09-19T11:41:28.247" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking you don't &lt;em&gt;need&lt;/em&gt; to know how databases work to work with any automation tool. &lt;strong&gt;But&lt;/strong&gt; without an understanding of databases and the ability to query them, you block off a large source of extra information you can use for validation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application takes a person's name and contact details and stores them in three tables (for example: Customer, Address, Phone). You can verify that the correct information is stored by checking the database or by viewing the customer in the application - but if there's a problem, you won't know whether the failure is in &lt;em&gt;reading&lt;/em&gt; the customer data or in &lt;em&gt;saving&lt;/em&gt; it. If you check the database, you will know if the data saved correctly, if the address and phone records are properly linked to the customer record, and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application allows you to delete records with child records. To validate that the record  was properly deleted, you really need to go into the database and make sure the child records are gone. In the customer example, you want to make sure that when the customer is deleted, their address and phone records are deleted as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application uses the database to store transitional records such as temporary holds on items in a shopping cart. It's a lot easier to check that the transitional records are cleared when the transaction is cancelled than to try to validate through a GUI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application stores data in a specific format that doesn't match the GUI format. For instance, all dates &amp;amp; times could be stored in Universal Standard (Greenwich Mean) Time but displayed in the user's local system time. Without checking the database, it would be quite challenging to validate correct conversions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application makes calculations or rule evaluations on data stored in the database. In this case, the application could display everything correctly but reports be incorrect - with a database check you know where the problem is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application uses data in the database that is not surfaced in the application. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's not a complete list but it's a starting point. I'd strongly recommend learning any database and query language (they're all very similar), because it will make your automation scripts more powerful and more accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-19T17:46:31.373" LastActivityDate="2013-09-19T17:46:31.373" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6829" CreationDate="2013-09-19T19:32:12.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The general answer, for me to 'whether I need to learn' is always 'Yes, if you can find time for it', especially if it makes you progress in your field.  There is no clear definition of how much knowledge a test engineer should have.  As an automation engineer, you can be as good as any programmer or just know how to automate some testing using tools like Selenium, Watir, QTP, etc. - it is your choice at the end of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-09-19T19:32:12.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6788" CreationDate="2013-09-20T20:26:30.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After the creation of the issue you can use the Send to option by right clicking on the issue. This allows you to send the issue to any sprint of your board.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5697" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-23T17:35:22.403" LastActivityDate="2013-09-23T17:35:22.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6818" CreationDate="2013-09-21T19:41:11.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at the Test Matrix Report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this does not have the needed column, register on &lt;a href=&quot;http://mantis.testlink.org/login_page.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLink Mantis&lt;/a&gt; and create a feature request (with the maximum level of detail).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Francisco Mancardi&#xA;TestLink Team Leader&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6038" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-23T17:34:23.820" LastActivityDate="2013-09-23T17:34:23.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6836" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6838" CreationDate="2013-09-22T03:50:33.697" Score="2" ViewCount="419" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're a dev and I'm the tester, do you expect me to...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As soon as I find a bug, tell you about it &lt;strong&gt;or&lt;/strong&gt; make a summary of bugs found and tell you about it at the end of the day?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask you tons of questions about the app you're developing &lt;strong&gt;or&lt;/strong&gt; try to figure it out myself? Or maybe I shouldn't have to worry about the specific details of the app?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, do devs like being bothered by testers? If the answer is yes, where is the line I shouldn't cross?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6037" LastEditorUserId="2338" LastEditDate="2013-09-22T14:35:52.383" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T15:21:13.850" Title="What do devs expect from testers' communication?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6836" CreationDate="2013-09-22T06:25:36.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This depends entirely on preferences of the programmers. Some don't want to be interrupted, others don't mind it at all. Some want to discuss problems before they are reported to make sure they are problems and to provide more information in the bug report, others are happy just to receive as clear report as possible.  One team can of course have all types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way to deal with this is to ask &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt; what they prefer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One method you can suggest is to go to the programmer as soon as you are relatively sure you have found something but not interrupt her until she stops and indicates that now is good time to stop for talking. If she's in flow, she's not required to stop and you can go away and come back later if you get tired of waiting. This way no-one needs to be irritated of interruptions but you can discuss things as soon as possible. It's anyway good idea to explisitly agree on this method or any other you end up using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T06:25:36.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6836" CreationDate="2013-09-22T07:54:42.570" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA. I assumed you're a tester :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In short, do devs like being bothered by testers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, that depends on many things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you find a bug and won't bother a developer to fix it or answer area around it, she might bother you to explain it better later, when you're busy. So it is in interest of both of you to find the right time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finding the right time might be easier if you're both working on the same functionality in the same time (e.g. during same iteration). She or he is implementing a given functionality, and you're preparing or executing tests for this functionality. You both are focused on similar things and care about both. On the contrary, if she is developing new things, and you're testing old stuff, it might be harder to find the right time. This is why it is so important to arrange testing and bug fixing cycles roughly in the same time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sure, it depends also on personal preferences. Some people can switch context more quickly than others. Remember this refers also to you, so your preferences of cooperation should be respected by devs as well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the answer is yes, where is the line I shouldn't cross?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read this question as who is responsible for investigating a defect? You want the developers to do it; they want you to do it. Answering that, you need to consider two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Technical&lt;/strong&gt;: You may know this area of the system better than a developer, you know the test context, etc. so you will be able to perform initial investigation faster. The section &quot;Where to draw the line?&quot; of &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tejasconsulting.com/papers/bug-isolation-pnsqc-2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Make your Bugs Lonely: Tips on Bug Isolation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; discusses this aspect in detail. Read it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Responsibility Razor&lt;/strong&gt;: If you want a thing to happen, you're responsible to make it happen. You can do it yourself or persuade a developer with a good bug report to do it himself. Read Dale Emery's &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/5192/1933&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; on that. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find more info in related question &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1610/how-does-a-tester-decide-how-much-debugging-investigation-to-do-before-handing-a/&quot;&gt;&quot;How does a tester decide how much debugging/investigation to do before handing an issue over to development?&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. In general, I want to respect devs' time. If I am able to reproduce the issue better now, I do it. If I can write the automated test to reproduce the issue, I do it. If I am able to narrow down the root cause myself faster then they would do, I do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As soon as I find a bug, tell you about it or make a summary of bugs found and tell you about it at the end of the day?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, it depends. It depends on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is your organization tracking all bugs in some BTS (bug tracking system) like JIRA? For instance, in my team we usually report bugs during regression testing, when functionality is already done. On the other hand, in iteration we often test functionality that is not complete to provide quick feedback. Since we want feedback to be quick, we don't waste time to write reports but talk immediately to a developer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing is thinking: it may help you understand the defect better if you describe it in written form. You will see better what is missing, do you have all the steps to reproduce it, how sure are you about an expected result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Personal preferences of both of you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ask you tons of questions about the app you're developing or try to figure it out myself? Or maybe I shouldn't have to worry about the specific details of the app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found many programmers (sure, not all) like to talk about their work even when not asked for. Listen to them actively. Also, try to understand the application yourself: play with it, read the documentation, dig into the code if you can. This way you will learn their language and you become partners in solving the problem. For more information, I recommend you reading a lesson &quot;Programmers like to talk about their work. Ask them questions&quot; (and lessons around it) in &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-11-20T17:52:39.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6839" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-09-22T08:42:03.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source control&lt;/strong&gt;, also known as &lt;strong&gt;revision control&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;version control&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;software configuration management (SCM)&lt;/strong&gt;, is the management of changes to documents, programs, and other information stored as computer files.  It is most commonly used in software development, where a team of people may change the same files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wikipedia: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revision_control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Revision control&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_revision_control_software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Comparisons of different revision control software&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4281" LastEditorUserId="4281" LastEditDate="2013-09-22T22:37:55.217" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T22:37:55.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6840" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-09-22T08:42:03.747" Score="0" Body="Source control refers to the management of changes to documents, specifically the source code used in software development." OwnerUserId="4281" LastEditorUserId="4281" LastEditDate="2013-09-22T19:49:50.993" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T19:49:50.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6841" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6842" CreationDate="2013-09-22T11:47:11.690" Score="8" ViewCount="714" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working with programmers and customers I find it is sometimes harder for me to verify the fix for a defect, than to fix a defect for a developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a simple example is when there is &lt;code&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/code&gt; thrown by a method. A bug report contains no steps to reproduce the issue, just a stacktrace. Given such a poor report, a developer corrects the code so the method swallows such exceptions or re-write the method. Then he marks the defect as fixed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester I usually care more about the context. Why &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt; values arrived to the method? Which component produced it and why? So simply swallowing the exception is not a solution: it probably did't removed the error. Rather it masked it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This kind of problems usually happens, when someone else reported a bug (not me), for instance a customer representative, and I see the bug report only when verifying the fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it all boils down to the quality of bug report. If steps to reproduce weren't written before fixing the bug, they must be identified after the fix. And then it is often hard to do it, because I need to check-out/setup two system versions from SVN: one before the fix, and another after the fix was committed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how can we improve the process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shouldn't testers and devs complete the bug report with steps to reproduce before fixing it? I don't care who will do it, but I think such a step should be present in the bug lifecycle here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If devs and testers cannot collect information from customer to reproduce the bug, should they patch it (as in the example above) or reject a bug report as &quot;cannot reproduce&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Maybe I wasn't clear enough. I haven't asked how to write a good bug report. I'm rather looking for practical ways to make devs, customer representative, business analysts, me, etc. complete a bug report as it goes through our hands. Some solutions other have proposed so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;introduce templates in bug reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;review good and bad reports with stakeholders to demonstrate how they help or hinder reproducing bugs and fixing them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gently ask customer for more details (talking to a customer seems a separate art to me), particularly for what they did before the failure occurred. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularly, I haven't seen any answer what a dev should provide in a bug report after fixing the bug? Root cause? What areas were touched? How were they changed? In which revision change was committed?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-09-26T06:35:07.540" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T06:35:07.540" Title="Fixes hard to verify because of poor quality bug reports" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6841" CreationDate="2013-09-22T18:09:37.133" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I would like to say that often just taking care of exception is enough. Maybe it's a forgotten corner case (sort a list, but forget it might be empty). Of course you know better when you can trust the developers to make sure that fix is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then to your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It would be really nice to have the steps in each bug. It would be even better to have a test case reproducing the bug before fixing it. That said, I also write bug reports that don't have exact steps but do explain the situation as well as possible. And sometimes I have to file a bug even though I don't even know what it exactly was that broke the system. Of course in these cases I help the developers with whatever questions they might have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the developer doesn't know how to reproduce it exactly either, but does a code review for the broken part and finds some problems. It's fully possible to know that something would be problematic without knowing how to actually get fully running system to that exact state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the problem clearly is in the communication and not in the difficulties of reproducing the problem, then I can't suggest other than telling everyone why writing a good bug report matters. Point out that there are potentially lot of people reading the case is widely different times (developer fixing the bug, tester testing the fix, technical support helping customers, other people reporting bugs, product owner and other shareholders trying to understand state of the product, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I don't think it's fruitful to just reject the bugs. It may easily sound arrogant and only hinder discussion with the reporter. Leave the bug open, but ask clarifying questions or steps to reproduce and still be prepared to fix the problem without ever getting these. If there clearly is a problem, it should be fixed even if the person pointing it out can't tell how they got it exactly. They have seen it anyway. Maybe they don't even know the product well enough to understand what it was that caused the problem or are just too busy to come back to it. That's no good, but different people have different priorities and bug reporting may not be near the top for some.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all I think we often have to live with less information than we would like to have. Take pride in being able to work also in those conditions but keep pushing people to better process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2013-09-22T18:09:37.133" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6841" CreationDate="2013-09-23T03:12:32.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to think of &quot;bugs&quot; as having a three-part anatomy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Failure.&lt;/strong&gt; An observed difference between the results that the system produces and the results we want it to produce.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fault.&lt;/strong&gt; The error in the system that, under certain conditions, produces a failure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conditions.&lt;/strong&gt; The conditions under which the fault leads to a failure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of these three pieces, the one testers (and others) first encounter is the &lt;em&gt;failure.&lt;/em&gt; In the OP's case, you see the &lt;code&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the nature of the failure gives enough information to identify the &lt;em&gt;fault&lt;/em&gt;. That might be what happened in the OP's case. So the developer fixes the fault... as far as we know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's missing in the OP's scenario (and often in defect reports) are the &lt;em&gt;conditions&lt;/em&gt; under which the fault leads to a failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To identify the conditions, &lt;em&gt;someone&lt;/em&gt; typically has to do some investigation. That someone might be a tester, or a developer, or a team of people. The idea is to isolate the variables involved. A quick overview of a technique I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Brainstorm all of the variables you can think of that might be involved.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work forward&lt;/strong&gt; from the test actions and inputs to identify the variables (preconditions, actions, inputs, sequences of events) that might be affected by the actions and inputs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work backward&lt;/strong&gt; from the failure (or even the fault, if you know it) to identify the variables that might lead to that failure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work forward and backward&lt;/strong&gt; from each variable to identify others that might be involved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Categorize the variables. I like to use a mind map just to cluster them. You could use an fishbone diagram. Or you could build some sort of cause-and-effect map among the variables.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify the relevant conditions by picking the most likely category or variable and experimenting with it to see whether it has any effect on the failure. If it does not seem to have an effect, move on to the next variable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This investigation can be costly. It may require people with detailed knowledge of the internals of the system. It may require people who are currently giving higher priority to other activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;strong&gt;a defect report that includes not only the failure but also the conditions&lt;/strong&gt; is more helpful to find the fault, more helpful for reproducing failures, and more helpful in testing and retesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-09-23T03:12:32.720" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6841" CreationDate="2013-09-23T03:41:35.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's possible the bug writers aren't collecting the right information because they don't understand what to include and when to include it. Common mistake for people who think writing bug reports is easy but don't understand the elements of a good bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As it happens I just wrote an article on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mytechfetish.com/2013/09/how-to-write-good-bug-report-and-be-bug.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Write a Good Bug Report&lt;/a&gt;. In the article I tried to distill the elements of a good bug report from the BBST Bug Advocacy class. Read it. You can also look at the source information from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/bugadvocacy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bug Advocacy&lt;/a&gt; to get more information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do you fix your problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can review existing bug reports with your team members (programmers, other testers) with an eye for understanding the various elements of their reports and how you can improve them. How are the titles and summaries written? Short, concise and accurate? Show them examples of bad and good reports. See if they can identify ways to improve their own reports if they had to rewrite them. You can even start fixing bug reports you find to be of low reporting quality. This will focus the entire team on making sure reports, whether they wrote them or not, are of high quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if customers are reporting the problems directly you might need to set up some ground rules and/or templates to make sure they include valuable information. Examples work well here. There's always the chance they won't pay attention, in which case you can respond back for more information. If someone else (internal person) records the bugs for your customers include them in the same training as your programmers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to look at it like this: The reason to file a bug report is to get the bug fixed. If you can't get enough concise information to identify the problem, there's no reason to open a bug report - you won't be able to do anything with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2013-09-23T03:41:35.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5189" CreationDate="2013-09-23T04:16:05.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it fair? I suppose that depends on the context - who you ask and what their definition of fair is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think an important consideration of opening bugs without &lt;em&gt;evidence&lt;/em&gt; of a problem is that it could &lt;strong&gt;reduce your credibility&lt;/strong&gt; in the eyes of the bug report readers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug Reports are the primary work product for testers. They are the tangible work most seen by others (programmers, analysts, managers, etc.) and because of this its important, when we write bug reports, to make sure they reflect something we want others seeing. That they are well written and contain the appropriate elements to get the bug fixed. If we write bad reports we lose credibility. If we write a bunch of good reports we might gain credibility. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have time to test something to prove (&lt;em&gt;evidence&lt;/em&gt;) that its a bug (as opposed to an issue, enhancement, etc.) you can always make a note of it and return to it later. If you open it in your bug tracker you might be able to find a way to keep it assigned to yourself until you have time to verify / find evidence of the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have questions about an aspect of quality (is this a bug?) but are unsure you can ask in a more informal way (assuming opening in a bug tracker is formal) - in person, email, instant message, whatever. When you have evidence that it is a bug is when I generally recommend writing it up formally. Then again this all depends on the organization. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T11:08:56.190" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T11:08:56.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6846" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6851" CreationDate="2013-09-23T09:16:21.443" Score="1" ViewCount="2871" Body="&lt;p&gt;How effective is Visual studio test suite than load runner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to learn performance/load test a web application, but i got really confused to choose which tool to go for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the scope of VSTS 2010 is better than Loadrunner, considering the cost of the license too? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I'm new to performance testing, please recommend a tool which is good for a beginner. I tried Jmeter but its just a long way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5470" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-09-23T12:57:01.910" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T02:17:43.407" Title="Performance testing web application using Visual Studio Test Suite versus Loadrunner" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6841" CreationDate="2013-09-23T11:53:17.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few thoughts to add to the suggestions others have made:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reproduction matters&lt;/strong&gt;: Wherever possible I try to reproduce any customer-reported issues because there may be other problems involved that the customer didn't report - especially if the bug report itself contains only a stack dump. It might be that this scenario occurs only if a particular configuration is used, or that it's the visible end-point of some other instability that's been surfaced by the sequence of actions the customer is performing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guidance in the bug tool helps&lt;/strong&gt;: If at all possible, it helps to have a template for customer reported bugs that contains something like this (my wording is pretty crude, but you get the idea):&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where in the system did the problem happen? (several lines space so it's clear that an answer is expected)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What did you expect to happen? (again, add several lines of space)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What actually happened (please be as specific as you can)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does this happen every time? (that is, can the problem be reproduced)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please describe the steps you take to reproduced the problem: (and lots of white space below)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update the bug report if necessary&lt;/strong&gt;: Chances are that with customer-reported issues, the initial information isn't going to be enough. Customers tend to forget that their configuration isn't the only one in the universe, so unless you have an accurate database of customer configurations, someone else is likely to need to add this information. It doesn't matter who makes the updates, so long as they get made so that when the issue needs to be retested two months later all the information the tester needs is right there in the bug report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Document testing steps and test configurations&lt;/strong&gt;: This should be obvious, but it's worth repeating anyway. Early in my testing career I had one customer-reported bug come back to me multiple times because there were actually multiple bugs with &lt;em&gt;identical&lt;/em&gt; symptoms, each displaying with a slightly different configuration. In the first pass, the developer fixed and I verified the most obvious manifestation. The next pass, we got a bit more information about the customer's configuration which added a condition that hadn't been present in the first iteration. So that was fixed and verified - but there were other conditions and configurations involved as well, which came from the customer one by one as &quot;Oh, yes, we're doing X&quot; when they were asked. If I'd known to document exactly what I'd done to set up, reproduce, and verify, there would hopefully not have been as many rounds of back and forth (after that bug, I learned. Boy did I learn). Of course, if I had, I might not have found all the interrelated bugs by accident, so who knows?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-09-23T11:53:17.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5851" CreationDate="2013-09-23T17:51:08.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://h30434.www3.hp.com/t5/Other-HP-Consumer-Products-and-Technologies/HP-Quality-Center-10-00-Manual-Runner-window-not-visible/m-p/572373/highlight/false#M3223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://h30434.www3.hp.com/t5/Other-HP-Consumer-Products-and-Technologies/HP-Quality-Center-10-00-Manual-Runner-window-not-visible/m-p/572373/highlight/false#M3223&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Had our TD Admin (QC Admin, ALM Admin) Delete my User name and re-add me back to Users and Groups.  This immediately resolved the issue.  Interestingly enough I had just moved to another building and repositioned my laptop's secondary monitor (before it was on the right of the primary and now it is above the primary).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTH!&#xA;AHW&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6049" LastActivityDate="2013-09-23T17:51:08.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6742" CreationDate="2013-09-23T18:56:39.000" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you are new to testing I'd recommend you look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3716/what-does-a-sofware-qa-person-need-to-know-to-perform-their-job-essentially/3718#3718&quot;&gt;What does a Sofware QA Person Need to Know to Perform Their Job (Essentially)?&lt;/a&gt; for an overview of the things you should learn in order to be a good software tester. The field is HUGE and there's no way you'd be able to become an EXPERT anytime soon. Maybe 10-20 years down the road. lol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more you learn and understand about the basics of software testing the better you'll be able to understand how and when to automate. As Joe mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/training/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AST&lt;/a&gt; provides a number of cheap courses called BBST Foundations, Bug Advocacy and Test Design. The courses are intense but well worth it. The material is available for free here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingeducation.org/BBST/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testingeducation.org/BBST/&lt;/a&gt; but there's so much to go through to understand things its best to take the classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides learning technical skills (languages, debugging, tools, etc.) you might want to learn When to Automate a Test. This is one of my favorite subjects of recent and Brian Marick has a good paper on the subject: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uml.org.cn/test/pdf/automate.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.uml.org.cn/test/pdf/automate.pdf&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to pick up technical skills I've found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Codeacademy&lt;/a&gt; to be quite useful and so is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udacity.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Udacity&lt;/a&gt; in fact Udacity even has a course on Software Testing (although I haven't taken it so I can't say if its good / bad).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-09-23T18:56:39.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6846" CreationDate="2013-09-23T19:14:22.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like Visual Studio Load Testing, it is my preferred tool, however I have not had a chance to use Loadrunner to do a proper comparison.  What I can say is that for web services running on Windows machines, Visual Studio has a ton of built in metrics and reporting that make it really nice, while there is almost no support for Linux servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of ease of use, I would say it is somewhat easier to get started with than JMeter which I also have had experience with.  From what I saw, there was a lot more documentation and training around for Visual Studio Load Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-09-23T19:14:22.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6852" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-23T20:16:36.223" Score="0" ViewCount="1450" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is JMeter designed to only record web browser traffic, or can it record http requests made by installed programs as well? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I set up JMeter as per these &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;instructions&lt;/a&gt; and I do not see the web traffic of a particular application installed on my computer. I've set up the proxy settings in my system settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6025" LastActivityDate="2013-12-02T12:02:38.067" Title="Using JMeter to record program http requests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6853" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6864" CreationDate="2013-09-24T05:43:59.283" Score="-2" ViewCount="6462" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am interested in learning Selenium Webdriver.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can anyone please let me know where I can find the selenium tutorials?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6054" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-24T11:31:59.193" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T19:11:55.607" Title="Selenium Webdriver Tutorial" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-03-10T20:00:15.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6852" CreationDate="2013-09-24T05:47:56.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Jmeter you can record both HTTP/HTTPS traffic, also there is &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/blazemeter-the-load-testi/mbopgmdnpcbohhpnfglgohlbhfongabi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter Chrome extension&lt;/a&gt; which can record traffic without configuring JMeter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To record web traffic in Jmeter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add Recording Controller into Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeters-superpower-http-proxy-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt; into WorkBench &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click Start button.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open browser network settings &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;change proxy settings to localhost:8080&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;remove localhost and 127.0.0.1 from &quot;No proxy for&quot; field. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To record any application IO:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Set proxy (in Linux)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;export http_proxy=http://localhost:8080&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or set proxy localhost:8080 if it's possible to change proxy settings in application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Start JMeter Proxy Server&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use your application &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note! Do not use JMeter as the proxy for any other request types - FTP, etc. - as the JMeter proxy cannot handle them.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5673" LastEditorUserId="5673" LastEditDate="2013-09-25T05:59:09.773" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T05:59:09.773" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6862" CreationDate="2013-09-24T05:51:35.260" Score="4" ViewCount="1249" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium RC: Xpath of the link is changed when I refresh the page, and when I run the code it shows &lt;code&gt;&quot;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; com.thoughtworks.selenium.SeleniumException: ERROR: Element //*[@id='yui-gen79'] not found&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I handle this error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id='yui-gen79']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id='yui-gen98']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;document&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body id=&quot;Share&quot; class=&quot;yui-skin-default alfresco-share js&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;overlay&quot; style=&quot;display: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 90; width: 100%;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;lightbox&quot; style=&quot;display: none; position: absolute; z-index: 100;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;yui-resize-status&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;yui-resize-status&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;yui-resize-status&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;yui-resize-status&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;page_x002e_component-2-2_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard_x0023_default-metadataTooltip&quot; class=&quot;yui-module yui-overlay yui-tt yui-overlay-hidden&quot; style=&quot;z-index: 2; visibility: hidden;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;page_x002e_component-2-2_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard_x0023_default-previewTooltip&quot; class=&quot;yui-module yui-overlay yui-tt yui-overlay-hidden&quot; style=&quot;z-index: 2; width: 108px; visibility: hidden;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;_yuiResizeMonitor&quot; title=&quot;Text Resize Monitor&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; visibility: visible; background-color: transparent; border-width: 0px; width: 2em; height: 2em; left: 0px; top: -33px;&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;sticky-wrapper&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;doc3&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;alf-hd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;alf-full-width&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;bd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;yui-gd grid columnSize2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;yui-u first column1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;page_x002e_component-1-1_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;page_x002e_component-1-1_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard_x0023_default&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&amp;gt;//&amp;lt;![CDATA[ (function() {    new Alfresco.dashlet.MySites(&quot;page_x002e_component-1-1_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard_x0023_default&quot;).setOptions(    {       imapEnabled: false,       listSize: 100    }).setMessages({&quot;empty.title&quot;: &quot;Quickly access your sites&quot;, &quot;filter.favSites&quot;: &quot;My Favorites&quot;, &quot;filter.all&quot;: &quot;All&quot;, &quot;empty.description&quot;: &quot;A site is a project area where you can share and discuss content with other site members.&quot;, &quot;dashlet.help&quot;: &quot;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Sites are project areas where you collaborate with others, sharing content and working on it together. This dashlet lists the sites you belong to. You can filter this list to show only your favorite sites.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;From here you can:&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Navigate to a site&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Create a new site&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Delete a site if you are the site manager&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mark a site as a favorite so that it shows in the Sites menu for easy access&amp;lt;\/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;&quot;, &quot;link.deleteSite&quot;: &quot;Delete&quot;, &quot;link.createSite&quot;: &quot;Create Site&quot;, &quot;header&quot;: &quot;My Sites&quot;, &quot;empty.description.sample-site&quot;: &quot;We've included a sample site for you. Use this to explore the features in Alfresco Team.&quot;});    new Alfresco.widget.DashletResizer(&quot;page_x002e_component-1-1_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard_x0023_default&quot;, &quot;page.component-1-1.user~sf-er-ro~dashboard#default&quot;);    new Alfresco.widget.DashletTitleBarActions(&quot;page_x002e_component-1-1_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard_x0023_default&quot;).setOptions(    {       actions:       [          {             cssClass: &quot;help&quot;,             bubbleOnClick:             {                message: &quot;&amp;lt;p\&amp;gt;Sites are project areas where you collaborate with others, sharing content and working on it together. This dashlet lists the sites you belong to. You can filter this list to show only your favorite sites.&amp;lt;/p\&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p\&amp;gt;From here you can:&amp;lt;ul\&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li\&amp;gt;Navigate to a site&amp;lt;/li\&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li\&amp;gt;Create a new site&amp;lt;/li\&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li\&amp;gt;Delete a site if you are the site manager&amp;lt;/li\&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li\&amp;gt;Mark a site as a favorite so that it shows in the Sites menu for easy access&amp;lt;/li\&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul\&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p\&amp;gt;&quot;             },             tooltip: &quot;Display help for this dashlet&quot;          }       ]    }); })(); //]]&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;yui-gen18&quot; class=&quot;dashlet my-sites resizable yui-resize&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;title&quot;&amp;gt;My Sites&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;toolbar flat-button&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;titleBarActions&quot; style=&quot;opacity: 1;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;page_x002e_component-1-1_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard_x0023_default-sites&quot; class=&quot;body scrollableList yui-dt&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;yui-dt-mask&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table id=&quot;yuievtautoid-0&quot; summary=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;colgroup&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;thead&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tbody class=&quot;yui-dt-message&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tbody class=&quot;yui-dt-data&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr id=&quot;yui-rec72&quot; class=&quot;yui-dt-rec yui-dt-first yui-dt-last yui-dt-even yui-dt-highlighted&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td id=&quot;yui-gen106&quot; class=&quot;yui-dt12-col-icon yui-dt-col-icon yui-dt-first&quot; headers=&quot;yui-dt12-th-icon &quot; style=&quot;width: 52px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td id=&quot;yui-gen88&quot; class=&quot;yui-dt12-col-detail yui-dt-col-detail&quot; headers=&quot;yui-dt12-th-detail &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;yui-gen87&quot; class=&quot;yui-dt-liner&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h3 id=&quot;yui-gen92&quot; class=&quot;site-title&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a id=&quot;yui-gen98&quot; class=&quot;theme-color-1&quot; href=&quot;/qa/share/page/site/pfsa/dashboard&quot;&amp;gt;pfsa&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;yui-gen89&quot; class=&quot;detail&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;yui-gen86&quot; class=&quot;detail detail-social&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;yui-dt12-col-actions yui-dt-col-actions yui-dt-last&quot; headers=&quot;yui-dt12-th-actions &quot; style=&quot;width: 24px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;yui-gen56&quot; class=&quot;yui-resize-handle yui-resize-handle-b&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;page_x002e_component-1-2_x002e_user_x007e_sf-er-ro_x007e_dashboard&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;unbound-region-component-1-3&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;unbound-region-component-1-4&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;unbound-region-component-1-5&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;yui-u column2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;alf-id6&quot; class=&quot;yui-module yui-overlay&quot; style=&quot;z-index: 2; width: 30em; left: 20px; top: 10px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;alf-id7&quot; class=&quot;yui-module yui-overlay&quot; style=&quot;z-index: 2; width: 30em; left: 20px; top: 221px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;alf-id8&quot; class=&quot;yui-module yui-overlay&quot; style=&quot;z-index: 2; width: 30em; left: 436px; top: 10px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;alf-id9&quot; class=&quot;yui-module yui-overlay&quot; style=&quot;z-index: 2; width: 30em; left: 436px; top: 205px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;sticky-push&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;sticky-footer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;alfresco-yuiloader&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&amp;gt;//&amp;lt;![CDATA[       Alfresco.util.YUILoaderHelper.loadComponents(true);       if (Alfresco.constants.PORTLET)       {          YUIDom.addClass(document.body, &quot;yui-skin-default alfresco-share&quot;);       }    //]]&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/document&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6055" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2018-08-23T10:03:09.837" LastActivityDate="2018-08-23T10:03:09.837" Title="Selenium RC: Xpath of the link is changed when I refresh the page" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6583" CreationDate="2013-09-24T06:10:31.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with @user246 JMeter is for load testing and recommended to use WebDriver in JMeter paralel with load tests for Ajax applications. But if you run WebDriver sampler in &quot;Once Only Controller&quot; you are fine. Here you can find article about &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter WebDriver sampler&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5673" LastActivityDate="2013-09-24T06:10:31.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6491" CreationDate="2013-09-24T06:20:00.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Better use &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/blazemeter-the-load-testi/mbopgmdnpcbohhpnfglgohlbhfongabi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter Chrome extension&lt;/a&gt;, you can record and edit a JMeter Script without using JMeter and without configuring proxy settings. Extension provides some useful features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;﻿Record Only Top Level Requests - excludes all JS/IMG requests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Records HTTPS without SSL certificate configuring. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5673" LastActivityDate="2013-09-24T06:20:00.420" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6859" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6865" CreationDate="2013-09-24T07:30:42.167" Score="8" ViewCount="13860" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically, we have a javascript integration on client's webpages.  We don't have much (or any) control of the deployed environment, hence the only way to test our integration is truly working is using browser automation on the client's webpage.  We don't want to interfere with our tracking and analytics, and more importantly, the client's analytics (which is very important to verifying their ROI). What is the most convenient and effective way to block Google Analytics in the context of selenium browser automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found a few approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.google.com/dlpage/gaoptout&quot;&gt;Google Analytics Opt Out Browser Add On&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://how-to.wikia.com/wiki/How_to_block_your_browser_from_sending_information_to_Google_Analytics&quot;&gt;Editing the hosts file to redirect Google Analytics to localhost&lt;/a&gt;  (I'm not too happy about this solution since in the past it has broken some of our integration files)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Other browser specific extensions, &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/block-yourself-from-analy/fadgflmigmogfionelcpalhohefbnehm&quot;&gt;Block yourself from GA extension&lt;/a&gt; for Chrome and &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/gdc/&quot;&gt;Google Disconnect&lt;/a&gt; for Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T17:43:45.020" Title="How do you block Google Analytics from Selenium automated visits?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6859" CreationDate="2013-09-24T11:00:47.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use the functionality of google analytics to exclude you IP addresses. This is covered in the online help &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/1034840?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-09-24T11:00:47.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6855" CreationDate="2013-09-24T13:58:52.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With dynamically generated element ids, sometimes I find that you can use &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; along with a longer xpath locator to match the element. In the sample code provided it looks like only a single anchor element has an id attribute that contains the text &quot;yui-gen&quot; so I would suggest trying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(@id, 'yui-gen')] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastEditorUserId="5691" LastEditDate="2013-09-24T14:11:57.913" LastActivityDate="2013-09-24T14:11:57.913" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6859" CreationDate="2013-09-24T15:42:38.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a pretty simple way to do it for Chrome and Firefox using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.google.com/dlpage/gaoptout&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Analytics Opt out Add ons&lt;/a&gt;, which are maintained for basically all browser.  Refering to this SO question about &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15005833/browser-plugin-testing-with-selenium&quot;&gt;browser plugin testing with selenium&lt;/a&gt;, I was able to open a GA/free selenium session with the following code for C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.Proxy = proxy;&#xA;options.AddExtension(Path.GetFullPath(&quot;chrome-ga-optout-extension.crx&quot;));&#xA;var driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.AddExtension(Path.GetFullPath(&quot;firefox-ga-optou-addon.xpi&quot;));&#xA;profile.SetProxyPreferences(proxy);&#xA;var driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;after copying the extension/addon to working directory.  Google Chrome extension .crx files can be downloaded using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7184793/how-to-download-a-crx-file-from-the-chrome-web-store-for-a-given-id&quot;&gt;help of this SO post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately with this approach for IE, we are at the mercy of &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=3589&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium implementing add on support for IE Driver&lt;/a&gt;, which is probably a hopeless case.... If anyone can think of a solution for IE, that would be amazing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-09-24T15:42:38.357" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6853" CreationDate="2013-09-24T16:40:10.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To learn basics of Selenium, I must recommend you to go through below video tutorials. These are small and very informative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/selenium-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/selenium-tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I have found below these &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFHX3LQXu_8&amp;amp;list=PLIMVrgO3pPB521LWAu8PXe8iB-LSE4LKo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Youtube&lt;/a&gt; tutorials very useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6060" LastActivityDate="2013-09-24T16:40:10.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6859" CreationDate="2013-09-24T17:27:54.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Browsermob-proxy could be used to blacklist the GA hosts, so the code isn't even loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It integrates well with Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a general purpose talk describing using BMP to blacklist cruft that can slow down automation (Facebook &amp;amp; Twitter widgets are specifically mentioned, but I'm sure GA can also be blacklisted):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://element34.ca/blog/proxy-executor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://element34.ca/blog/proxy-executor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adathedev.co.uk/2012/02/automating-web-performance-stats.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is a great guide for easily using browsermob-proxy with Selenium in C#. And the regex for blacklisting every request except the &lt;code&gt;ga.js&lt;/code&gt; file (this way you can test GA are working and pages won't break that assume the file exists).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@&quot;http://www\.google-analytics\.com/(?!ga\.js).*&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1113" LastEditorUserId="5247" LastEditDate="2013-09-27T11:49:04.233" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T11:49:04.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6866" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6900" CreationDate="2013-09-24T20:12:45.593" Score="14" ViewCount="773" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The situation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to start building automated regression for a very large web application with thousands of users. It is impossible to start from a known state, or even to be sure that data entered into the application will be saved to a known state. The application is a payroll entry system, where all data is read only if payroll has not been started, and has an insane number of configuration choices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application can't be run on a local database with a local setup: it requires multiple interlocking web services (which use - don't ask me why - the system registry to determine where to submit their results) and is not practical to reset (a database refresh can take all day). The test sandbox environment can be accessed by multiple users and configurations changed in ways that completely alter the expected behavior of the system. the development sandbox environment is often out of action for days at a time when large projects are being worked on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The strategies I see as viable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The potential strategies I'm considering are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Set my initial conditions first&lt;/em&gt; - This is - alas - a bit more complex than it looks. I would need to make either several database queries or do a number of screenscrapes to determine whether the company has had its configuration changed, and whether I need to start a payroll run, change the configuration back to what it should be, then submit the false run before starting a clean run with the correct configuration. This would also complicate end-of-test checks because I would then need to find and discard the initial submit file in order to check the validity of the one with the data my tests actually entered. On the plus side, the values saved to the pending transaction tables prior to submit and the contents of the submit file would match expectations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dynamic checking of results&lt;/em&gt; - by this I mean the much more complex coding needed to check results based on which configuration flags are active when I test, regardless of whether they're what I expect to see. The advantages I see here are that I wouldn't need to try to force the system to the settings I was starting with, and I'd be building in an oblique check that certain fields display only when certain configuration flags are enabled. On the flip side, this is a great deal more complicated to code properly, and as a result, much more error-prone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hybrid approach&lt;/em&gt; - where I set certain key values but let the rest do whatever someone else set them to. This would give me some of the disadvantages of each method, but would allow me to limit the extra complexity to areas that tend to be moving targets anyway. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some other considerations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have (after six months experience with the system) a reasonable grasp of where the system interacts with web services (these are all built and maintained in-house, but tend not to get much development. They also typically get called from the web application or poll the web application database, so testing them separately isn't on the agenda at this stage). The web services are integral to the system to an extent that it's not possible to simply test only the web application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application is written is classic ASP. There is no way to separate front end and business logic. It is not unit tested because it is not unit testable. While there is a plan to replace it with a better engineered system, I will be testing this system for at least another 2 years, potentially longer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given these &quot;interesting&quot; complexities, what approach should I take to building automated regression for this application? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Terminology Update&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;In response to @user246 requesting clarification of some of the terminology I used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;submit the false run&lt;/em&gt; - by this I mean to submit a payroll that contains nothing but a change of configuration settings where I don't actually care what gets sent. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;submit file&lt;/em&gt; - This one is a bit more complex. All the calculation logic and check generation logic happens in a back end server I have no access to. My only interface to the back end server is a fixed length format text file: the submit file. This file is generated for every payroll submission, with a defined naming convention. When there is more than one payroll submission in a short timeframe for a given customer, it can be difficult to find the one that contains the information I'm interested in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;pending transaction tables&lt;/em&gt; - between the start of a payroll run and submitting the run, everything that happens is recorded to one of a number of database tables. They're known as the pending transaction tables because changes to configuration, payroll, and personnel data are not final until everything has been synched between the web application and the back end server. Until a payroll run is submitted, changes aren't permanent, and depending on the logic involved can exist only in the pending transaction tables.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-09-26T13:38:08.230" LastActivityDate="2013-10-02T08:25:18.610" Title="Good strategy for automated regression where initial state can't be guaranteed or predicted" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6866" CreationDate="2013-09-25T05:56:17.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your questions these are &lt;strong&gt;Application Related Info / Challenges&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Very large web application with thousands of users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data is read only if payroll has not been started, and has an insane number of configuration choices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Needs to connect to Remote DB / DBs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple interlocking web services &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Written is classic ASP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No way to separate front end and business logic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a very application Specific Need but I can share some ideas on what worked out for me in a similar situation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initial DB set-up was required for (Environment Clean up, Populate / Set-up minimum required Configuration). Having a initial clean-up, pre-requisites setup on DB worked for me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option #1 for Business Logic Validation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate Cases which can be handled separately by calling stored proc / web services if possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pre populate the required data in DB to minimize UI interactions if possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option #2 for Business Logic Validation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your initial DB Setup &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record and play back required actions using Selenium. The UI actions performed by the app will be handled via selenium. I have not tried to automate ASP app. I hope the id's&#xA;are available and application works.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option #3 for Business Logic Validation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your initial DB Setup &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create stubs custom methods which can call / perform UI functions. You need to duplicate the code. This would be difficult to maintain in my perspective&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other options are, You can target UI automation for&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Db Prerequisites / Setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate Elements at UI level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running an End to End Flow at UI Level using Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At UI level we can automate the priority cases (not all cases can be handled)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest trying out a prototype to evaluate what works / identify challenges / road blocks at every stage. This would be better to take call which option is viable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T05:56:17.780" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6841" CreationDate="2013-09-25T06:09:55.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a tester I always like to report a bug in such efficient manner so that it can reduce the cost of fixing the bug (the time and the effort) at developers end by giving as much information as possible.&#xA;I would like to tell few point about the improving of the process of bug reporting :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While reporting the new BUG we should try to mentioned the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Short description&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Each bug must have one short description consists of as much as possible information about the problem in shortest possible way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.Severity&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:Term itself suggests that it is measure of the impact of the found bug on the whole system or system operation. Severity of the bug must be mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.Priority&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:How important is to fix this bug before another?&#xA;Priority must be marked when new bug has been reported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Subsystem:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;It is helpful in scrutinizing the bug while fixing or assessment  of the developed/developing module, if we mention the subsystem (module/sub module) the current bug belongs to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Description:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Description is the also very important part in the bug reporting.&#xA;In the description part we should provide as much info as possible related to the BUG in all aspect. Some are following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reported By:Helps the developer to come back to the person in case he might not be able to reproduce it while fixing it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reported On date&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Server Info(if any)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tested version/build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All mentioned three helps in root cause analysis while fixing the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If possible provide page link as reference by hitting the link directly can see the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. Attachments:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Attachments basically includes the screen shot, and any other file which is required while reproducing  the bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While taking the screen shot we should focus on following:&#xA;-Should not include unnecessary part in screen shot but be careful to include everything that is necessary.&#xA;-The area(s) where actual problem lies should be marked in red color&#xA;-Some message should be provided in the screen shot itself about the bug&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7. Steps to reproduce:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This is most important step while reporting bug&#xA;Here we should write exact step step by action which was followed while reproducing the bug at QA end.&#xA;This must include:&#xA;Current/actual behavior, and expected behavior (it is not always compulsory as I feel, but is is mandatory while reporting a bug).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;8.  Error Log:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Even we include the Error message which we get while reproducing the bug which we get at UI, but that does not give the complete and detailed idea about bug. so we should provide the error log with the bug. &#xA;Error log is some thing which is part of code included in the code by the developer itself  in the way so that it should be captured when any crash or some failure occurs in the application.&#xA;Error log gives a lot of idea about why failure occurred and looking at this log developer can easily figure it out in which area the problem is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It it possible case that some times we have not all the information mentioned above but we can try as much as possible to provide info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very important not only to reduce the cost of fixing but while verifying the fixes also as you mentioned in your case above. It is not always the case that the person reported the bug will be verifying the bug after it has been fixed, so it is good practice to give the detailed info while reporting the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About your second question: &quot;If devs and testers cannot collect information from customer to reproduce the bug, should they patch it (as in the example above) or reject a bug report as &quot;cannot reproduce&quot;?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the bug is reported by Customer itself, you can not expect always that they will provide you step by step action to reproduce the bug by devs or tester, in this case a tester should try to reproduce the bug in all possible way, if still not able to reproduce then you can ask the customer to provide some more info to reproduce the bug. But in any case I would not suggest you to go for &lt;strong&gt;rejecting&lt;/strong&gt; a bug before once trying to collect some more info from customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6064" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-25T11:57:47.067" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T11:57:47.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6836" CreationDate="2013-09-25T09:14:14.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am also a tester so as per my experience I can tell you some points which can help you.&#xA;Answer to the 1st question -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qn - Does the tester need to report a bug as soon as he finds it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ans - YES.If you have a proper BTS(Bug Tracking System),it is the 1st duty of a tester to report the bug provided he is sure that it is a bug. In case you are not sure whether the issue you see in the application is a genuine one then please take some pain and discuss with the developer about the same.But after discussion without wasting any time a tester should report the issue. Again the time of reporting the issue depends on the severity of the bug and also the priority e.g blocking issues should be reported immediately whereas cosmetic issues could wait for sometime. But a tester should make sure that all the bugs are reported/go into the BTS by EOD. &#xA;The above process holds good in case you have a proper process in place for bug handling. In case you do not have a process/BTS, take a note of the issues alongwith the steps to reproduce and screenshots,if any. You can maintain the same using any text editor like MSWord,Wordpad etc. Send the sheet to the developer depending again on the severity and priority of the issues found. Do not forget to mark the Test Manager/Dev Manager in Cc while sending.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now answer to the 2nd question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qn - Do the testers need to have complete knowledge of the application before testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ans - A definite YES.Because it is the tester who assures quality. SO without having complete knowledge of the application this thing is impossible.The tester should have complete understanding of the application/part of application he is testing.In that case only (s)he could think of better scenarios to test the application. Also a tester should also think from the perspective of an end user while testing any application.A tester should go to the developer to clarify the queries in case things are not clear in the functionality document.But at the same time the tester should be patient enough to allow the developer to spare some time for you.Of course you have the rights to overload him with questions in case the functionality is a critical one and you are blocked with testing due to lack of knowledge on the same. But YES,you need to have complete idea about the application under test (AUT).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Khushboo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6064" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T09:14:14.540" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6663" CreationDate="2013-09-25T15:08:47.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you use some kind of XSD to transform the current XML into one that aggregates the same errors and maybe puts a count in there so it will say something like error X occurred 700 times. That is all I can suggest for the information given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6066" LastActivityDate="2013-09-25T15:08:47.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6871" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-25T23:36:50.503" Score="2" ViewCount="3998" Body="&lt;p&gt;Several of my team's QC users have complained about the text in description &amp;amp; comments fields being too small to read. Is there a way to increase the font size? Is there a way to change the font?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6068" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-26T11:26:44.897" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T10:26:12.103" Title="In HP QC 10 , how can I increase the font size of a field?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1015" CreationDate="2013-09-26T04:25:00.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Created an automated appliction (.exe) to generate word document by using windows schedular we are calling the .exe file for every 1 hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while saving (saveas) throwing an error message &quot;Command failed&quot;, if it is executed by using windows scheduler(selected even user logged off the system option).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not throwing an error (creating the document successfully) by manually executing the .exe file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6069" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T04:25:00.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6874" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-26T09:08:57.823" Score="3" ViewCount="33016" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across many solutions for switching between windows, one of them is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;for(String currentWindow : allWindows){&#xA;   driver.switchTo().window(currentWindow);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I am unable to go to a particular window. Can someone tell me how to switch to 3rd window from parent window (using java client library)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5152" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-18T13:02:01.713" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T16:03:43.010" Title="Webdriver : How to switch to a specific window?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;why-does-this-fail&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6415" CreationDate="2013-09-26T09:34:54.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have administrative access to Quality Center then you can add a custom field in the following location&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Customize Project Entities--&gt; Run --&gt; User Field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can select field type as 'Lookup list' and then select appropriate list in the dropdown below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever any tester runs any test case, this additional field will be displayed to him and he can select the appropriate release/build version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6075" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-09-26T11:25:39.080" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T11:25:39.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6876" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6877" CreationDate="2013-09-26T10:03:23.483" Score="1" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I read on the net, Selenium tests should be written in the language of the App if this is possible. Our intranet-application is written in PHP. I was able to get Selenium working with PHPUnit but for me it looks like PHP is really uncommon. All books and most of the other stuff I found on the net are using Selenium together with Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it really make sense to use Selenium with PHP or do I have to&#xA;learn Jave or C#? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where can I find the most information related to    Selenium together&#xA;with PHP? I understand the object oriented model of    PHP but I'm&#xA;not a very strong developer..&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there something better than Selenium to automated testing a PHP application (GUI tests)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6076" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T16:44:03.057" Title="Selenium and PHP" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6876" CreationDate="2013-09-26T10:14:27.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, it definetely makes sense to use it in a language you are comfortable with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PHPUnit has Selenium integration out of the box, did you look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://phpunit.de/manual/current/en/selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;introduction in the PHPUnit manual&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium has its quirks, but is widely used, so there is a lot of information about it available. There are other projects, though, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://phantomjs.org/&lt;/a&gt;. If you are not comfortable with programming your tests in PHP, maybe you should consider using &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;, which has a GUI that helps you build your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6017" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T10:14:27.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6878" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6890" CreationDate="2013-09-26T11:21:54.707" Score="0" ViewCount="1469" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how to check values and create tests and do the error handling if something fails, but what I din't found anywhere was the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A test case tests specific things. But what when unexpected errors occurs which arent a covered by a specific check of a test? Is it possible to set something like a &quot;watchdog for error messages&quot; up or is the only way to get this done to create a function which is called after every step?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium together with PHP/PHPUnit (but not integrated into the application which I test itself). Any &quot;best practises&quot; or hints to get this done are very welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6076" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T17:04:45.993" Title="Selenium: Best way to capture unexpected error?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6881" CreationDate="2013-09-26T13:12:06.510" Score="7" ViewCount="903" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm the guy who is motivated to bring some quality assurance into our team. The problem is, that our developers very often hate testing and even if they have a test protocol, not all of them are really testing. Very often they are asking their colleagues instead of testing themselves where the bugs were and practices like this. They are very often not very interested to do a good job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is of course a general problem and they could got fired for such an attitude. But in reality things aren't as simple as this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question now is if there are clever tactics which prevent them from cheating. I would let some random errors occur for each tester to prevent it, but as they are the developers it's nearly impossible to prevent searching the source code for these errors. Another idea would be to offer a reward for the person who found the most bugs. Or don't let multiple people test the same things (but this reduces the quality of the tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are your clever suggestions to &quot;force&quot; the developers to really test and give them no possibility to cheat? Funny tactics are of course welcome too...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my situation the application is written in PHP and the developers are the testers too (same persons).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6076" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T12:14:46.117" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T12:14:46.117" Title="How to prevent cheating by manual testers?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6879" CreationDate="2013-09-26T14:04:09.407" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good luck with that.  Your developers are probably bright enough to subvert any gimmick or incentive you put in place.  Instead, you need to face the problem head-on: testing needs to be a part of your organization's culture.  That's not to say that every developer needs to love testing, or needs to prefer testing over development.  Rather, developers need to know and believe that finding and eliminating bugs is just as important as every other aspect of their job.  If they do not believe that finding bugs is important, their product will fail and their careers will fail too.  It is that simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you agree with that, then the question becomes, &quot;How do I promote a culture of testing?&quot;  You need to show developers how the testing process impacts their success.  Show them what's happening to the bug backlog.  Give them some examples of how your product is at risk of failure because of its quality.  Measure how much time is spent in testing, then talk about how much more work your team could do if you could finish testing faster by having everyone chip in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also ask them why they aren't interested in doing a good job in testing -- not in an accusing way, but in an inquisitive, open way.  It is possible that they like (or at least tolerate) some kinds of testing and not others.  Or they might dislike testing because they don't really know &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; to test.  You won't know unless you ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T14:04:09.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6879" CreationDate="2013-09-26T15:39:17.383" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;As user246 says, tricks to force developers to test can always be gamed: you're much better off finding out why they don't like testing and what the actual problem is then building a culture of testing and quality from that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're working in PHP - there are unit test frameworks available for PHP that your devs can use. If they have no idea how much trouble testing can save them, that's where you get to evangelize. I'd suggest for starters working up a smallish project with some unit tests, and then refactoring it - use it as a demonstration of how well-designed unit testing can help save work: if you know you'll find any change that breaks existing features the moment you compile, you also know you can safely refactor and extend your system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things that can help: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When they gripe about something not working, or talk about games they play (there's almost for certain at least one gamer in the team), see if you can feel out the way they respond to bugs in software they use. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google &quot;Maybe they should have tested more&quot;. I guarantee you, your&#xA;developers do NOT want to find their application on that blog!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be tactful. If you're obnoxious about it,  you'll get resistance and sabotage. That's just human nature - people don't like feeling that someone is railroading them somewhere they don't want to go. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that you're creating unit tests and testing your work. If you're modeling the things you want the rest of your team to do, that's always a good start. From that, you can drop the occasional seed comment in, such as mentioning offhand how that last enhancement was so easy because you had all those tests to tell you as soon as you broke something (don't overdo it - mention it once then leave it for a while: let them come to you).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, you'll have a much better chance of building a culture of quality if your team wants to build it and thinks it's their idea. In the meantime, try not to get too frustrated: your team most likely sees &quot;testing&quot; as something any trained monkey can do and something that takes away from their main purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T15:39:17.383" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6879" CreationDate="2013-09-26T19:03:16.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;not all of them are really testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you know this? Just because they are asking other programmers where the problems are? While this isn't a holistic strategy it's not a bad way to find well understood problems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They are very often not very interested to do a good job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you know this? Perhaps you haven't communicated what a &quot;good job&quot; testing means? It's entirely possible you and your developers don't see eye to eye on what you mean by testing. Perhaps they see their approach as being good? Does the organization have a common understanding of what testing means? What quality means? What you consider a bug / issue, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to apply some new formal testing in an organization that's never had it, without a skilled, dedicated resource requires some strategy and influence. Chances are your developers don't know what testing is and think unit tests are as far as they need to go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My advice:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Think about what you want to see with regard to a testing strategy, then figure out what areas your developers can reasonable do given their current set of knowledge and skills. Then work on expanding that current set of knowledge and skill until they can gradually fit your test strategy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Another idea would be to offer a reward for the person who found the most bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An approach like this will likely lead to gaming the system where large numbers of bugs are filled but the most important, critical bugs that take days to isolate and report will be left in the system. You are basically asking for low hanging fruit - really shallow testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Or don't let multiple people test the same things (but this reduces the quality of the tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you know the quality of their tests are any good? Do you review their tests and testing strategy with them? If not this might help as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T19:03:16.833" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6450" CreationDate="2013-09-26T19:11:08.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend watching the video &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/vqwyMaHcjQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;James Bach on testing in an agile software development team&lt;/a&gt;&quot; - he talks about testing during sprints, covers user stories, things testers should be looking for / asking questions about. He has a lot of ideas and since you are new to the Testing game it might be worth watching. Plus the video is only about 30 minutes long. Enjoy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T19:11:08.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6358" CreationDate="2013-09-26T19:17:31.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's been years since I've had any contact with RFT, but I seem to remember it being possible. Here's what I found online (all links at the end).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The SQABlogs site has some example code that claims to be able to do this, but it's from back in 2008, which would have been RFT v8.0 or earlier. In v8.2.0.1, RFT changed their project layout such that &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/12775514/194211&quot;&gt;RFT had to be installed on the machine&lt;/a&gt; for projects to run. This change may prevent the code given from working on more recent version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An automation guy named Devraj claims to have it working from Ant. This seems to be a similar solution to the one described in a moderately horrible IBM TechNote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seem to be a few others around the web who've also tried. Here's the references, in descending order of likely usefulness:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Devraj GR: &lt;a href=&quot;http://devrajndrg.blogspot.com/2013/02/rational-functional-tester-calling-rft.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Calling RFT scripts using XML tags&lt;/a&gt; (probably Ant)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQABlogs: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqablogs.com/MoonOne/1886/Call+RFT+Script+play+back+in+normal+Java+Application.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Call RFT Script playback in normal Java Application&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IBM Technote: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21306251&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to call RFT script from a regular Java project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;StackOverflow: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/12364129/194211&quot;&gt;Is there a way to make RFT scripts runnable in java eclipse?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;StackOverflow: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/12767663/194211&quot;&gt;Execting RFT script using Agent Controller&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5180" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T19:17:31.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5671" CreationDate="2013-09-26T22:02:16.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;ISO 15288 covers the System lifecycle, while ISO 12207 covers the Software lifecycle. As of 2008, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acq.osd.mil/se/apr/apr-4.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the two are &quot;harmonized for concurrent use&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. For instance, 12207 can be used &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jtc1-sc7.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;either alone or in conjunction with ... 15288&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a bit more detail, what this means is that 15288 covers all aspects of developing a system, where examples of system components are hardware, software, people, or resources. When a system component is software, the processes described in 12207 (should) take over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to answer your question, your 12207 software-specific process documents should only need to change &lt;em&gt;where they cover the interfaces between software and non-software components&lt;/em&gt;. This might include such things as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;documenting software dependencies on hardware&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ensuring that your organization has a way to provide personnel with any training needed to use the software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;describing the impact of provision, transportation, or maintenance of resources controlling, or controlled by, the software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5180" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T22:02:16.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6569" CreationDate="2013-09-26T22:47:55.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless I'm missing something about your situation, this is not too hard, though a bit obscure. I just created a small document that does exactly this. No macros necessary. Here's the steps I followed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start a new MS Word document (I'm using Pro 2010, but I think 2007 had the same capability).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a few list items, select them, and apply one of the Multilevel List styles whose labels are linked to the Heading styles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under, say, section 1.3, insert an image. Give it a caption, labeled as a Figure. As you said in your post, this will auto-generate a number and title. In our case, it should be &quot;Figure 1-1&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Under, say, section 2.2, insert a new cross-reference. Choose reference type Figure, and select the image you applied the caption to in the last step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All pretty standard so far. Now let's do two things to throw it off.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Above the first section, create a new section with a new title and so on. So what was section 1 is now section 2&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Insert a new image in section 2.1. Give it a caption as before, which should appear as &quot;Figure 2-1&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;So the old caption and cross reference text are now both out-of-date. Here's how we update them, in two short steps.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bring up Print Preview. In Word 2010, this is just File &gt; Print. Note that the Figure numbers have been updated. Exit Print Preview and they stay that way. :-) The cross reference text is still out-of-date, though.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the whole document with &lt;code&gt;Ctrl-A&lt;/code&gt; (Select All), and press &lt;code&gt;F9&lt;/code&gt; (Update Fields). The cross reference text now matches the caption text.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your fields don't update when you bring up Print Preview, enable the option at Word Options &gt; Display &gt; Printing Options &gt; &quot;Update fields before printing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5180" LastActivityDate="2013-09-26T22:47:55.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6889" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-27T07:57:52.990" Score="4" ViewCount="1766" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please help that how to implement the ISO standards in SOFTWARE QUAILTY&quot;&quot; if any one has any template about these, share me please. I have read about the ISO/IEC 9126 but don't know how to implement in software quality assurance, how to create matrices or how to use in process. Please like and help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6055" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T08:48:01.550" Title="ISO standards implement in Software Quality assurance/testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6878" CreationDate="2013-09-27T09:21:04.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on what testrunner you are using it may have support for multithreading, so you could always create your own watchdog type method that runs on another thread while your test is running, captures all the errors that are written to that specific error message div you mentioned. The concurrent thread would basically loop on the div text and save any text that is put in it, returning that at the end of the test you would have a list of errors that had occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6066" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T09:21:04.977" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6893" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-27T14:08:18.517" Score="2" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have experience testing from a business perspective but I'm currently working in an system which is a small part of a bigger system, so I don't have a clear vision of the entire business value flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a black box perspective its just a service with one input and one output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Input: a cronjob starts the service and it will query a DB for specific cases where it should send an email;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output: the system sends a reminder email and write in the DB that the email was sent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers write unitary tests, integration tests and system test. Its pretty well covered by tests from a white box perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a black box perspective, which kind of test can I put in place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="173" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T11:29:31.810" Title="How to test a system that is part of a bigger system?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6894" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-27T14:25:07.273" Score="0" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to check, whether a background that was grey turned into black.&#xA;Usually I wait for changes of attributes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aliases.MyApp.BtnCalculationType.WaitProperty(&quot;Enabled&quot;, &quot;True&quot;, 9999999);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aliases.MyApp.BtnCalculationType.WaitProperty(&quot;Fill.Color.B&quot;, &quot;0&quot;, 9999999);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;does not work. What to do instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastActivityDate="2014-07-28T11:54:12.817" Title="How do I wait for properties like color changes in WPF?" Tags="&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6893" CreationDate="2013-09-27T14:25:57.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your test cases have to be based on the requirements for your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If no requirements have been documented, you should ask some people from the project or from the appropriate business department for the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, these requirements would probably contain the specific cases when an e-mail has to be sent, what content and which receiver the e-mail should have and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do not need to know the entire business flow to test your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T14:25:57.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6889" CreationDate="2013-09-27T14:43:33.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the information on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC_9126&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; and searching online (there seem to be a lot of diagrams) it seems like the standard tries to set up a model using five (to 8) characteristics that are sub-divided into sub-characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you I'd mindmap the characteristics and sub-characteristics (although you could also just list them in a document) and use them as guideword heuristics to generate test ideas. If you generate test ideas from the characteristics you could make the case you were trying to implement the ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example for the main characteristic of Portability and the sub-characteristic of Installability - you would hope to answer questions about the installability of the application you are testing. Does it install on all the platforms listed in the spec? Does it install the customer might expect it to install on? Does the application uninstall? Is the application easy to configure when installing (think custom install).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is you want to understand the characteristics enough to apply them to your application. Think of them and generate questions you want to answer by testing or exploring your application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T14:43:33.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6893" CreationDate="2013-09-27T14:48:06.760" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would start with what you have, the inputs and outputs, then start questioning.  I like to go through a bunch of what if's, such as in your case &quot;what if the database is unavailable?&quot; or &quot;what if the mail queue is full?&quot; or something like that.  If you can't come up with questions like that, then ask the developers &quot;what didn't you test that you think I should?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often I am testing a small portion of a larger system in isolation, or just changes to only a specific smaller piece of something larger.  Then you need to check the overall flows for the bigger pieces to the smaller, and the other way around.  Definitely start with the requirements, and there are always requirements somewhere, and then start looking at what you have and think outside the box, so to speak, to whatever else there is that might fail or be an input or output that may or may not fail, or be other than what was expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find it helps to know the whole system, but its often not necessary, as in many cases it depends on what it is you are trying to accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-09-27T14:48:06.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6866" CreationDate="2013-09-28T05:35:29.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My preference is definitely to have the automation be the one in control of the configuration and test that the application is behaving as expected depending on the configuration.  If you go with the &quot;Dynamic Checking of Results&quot; approach, you're missing a large portion of test coverage around the app's behavior based on the configuration.  With that in mind, here are some options I would pursue to attempt to build something where that is the case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rather than check to see if the configuration has changed, why not start every set of tests off with a config change to force it into the state you want to test?  I could see a number of classes of tests with different setup methods that change the configuration and then test against that specific configuration.  If I'm doing this in setup I would try to create a setup method that sends http traffic directly rather than going through a UI, as it would be more reliable and faster.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request an Automated Test Sandbox environment be set up with limited permissions that you can guarantee to be kept in a clean, known state.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you say the Test Sandbox environment can be accessed by multiple users, who are they?  Other people at your company? Also, when the configuration is changed, is the configuration system wide or are there many &quot;Customers&quot; set up on a single system each with their own configuration? If there are multiple Customers, can you create one specifically for automation in your test sandbox environment and create a process around it that basically equates to - don't touch this customer - it's for automation only?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this really a non-technical problem you are trying to solve with a technical solution?  I would probably switch into lobbying/politics mode to get what I actually needed rather than trying to build around the limitations.  Only when I was sure I had hit the end of the road would I start considering other technical options and I would be vocal about how it impacts myself and my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T05:35:29.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6879" CreationDate="2013-09-28T12:09:37.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is a motivational issue. For most programmers it can become a unbearable threadmill. I have heard that a irrelevant &lt;em&gt;positive&lt;/em&gt; reward, like a free beverage on finding an error, can help. It is not so much the reward, as well as the game mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general look for means to &lt;em&gt;diminish&lt;/em&gt; testing. Otherwise good developers will leave, and such. Switching to TDD, Test Driven Development, can be such an incremental solution. It needs organized code and data though, but that adds to the software quality. One writes small unit tests, which serve as regression tests later on, when code is changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically a data model, listeners for changes, actions and so one is done. Specific parts are emulated, like the selection of an HTML select box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage is fast develop results and less fluff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6085" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T12:09:37.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6866" CreationDate="2013-09-28T14:06:53.507" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;While the entire system isn't under your control (which is clearly the superior option), it might still be possible for some slice of the system to be under your control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say it's a payroll system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you create a &quot;Test Company&quot; that everyone else would agree to leave alone?&#xA;Can you create &quot;Test Employees&quot; that everyone else would agree to leave alone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the cases where I've had to share systems, that's the approach I have taken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each tester (manual or automated), had their own subset of the system for their exclusive use. When naming the objects, we preceded them by the initials of the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &quot;company&quot; would be &quot;JSS Corporation&quot;&#xA;My &quot;employees&quot; would have names like &quot;JSS Smith&quot;, &quot;JSS Jones&quot;, etc, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My automation would typically begin by setting up these companies and employees, with the attributes as I needed them (Some single, some married, some full-time, some part-time, etc), then proceed to the other functional steps I needed to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-09-28T17:04:14.650" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T17:04:14.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6879" CreationDate="2013-09-28T18:33:59.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't ask them to test. Ask them for the information you need. Help them understand what information you need, and what makes it valuable for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tell them &lt;strong&gt;what decisions&lt;/strong&gt; you and others need to make that would benefit from good information about the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tell them &lt;strong&gt;what kinds of information&lt;/strong&gt; would help you and others make better decisions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ask for that information.&lt;/strong&gt; For evidence. For help.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pay attention to &lt;strong&gt;the quality of the information&lt;/strong&gt; -- whether you're getting information at all, whether you understand the information, and whether it's helping you and others make better decisions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjust what you ask for&lt;/strong&gt; as you learn more about what they are able to deliver, and as your information needs change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is not what you want. Testing is just how they produce what you want. What you want, the thing you're really after, is information. So ask for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T18:33:59.127" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1824" CreationDate="2013-09-28T20:08:02.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile testing is being able to adapt to the current project. Mainly should be able to collaborate with development and product owners to drive continuous improvement of the product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And continually add Business Value to Agile Teams through Proactive Participation.&#xA;Design and execute automated functional tests within the test automation framework.&#xA;Develop and Maintain functional Regression tests.&#xA;Identify and track software defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WgJQR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6087" LastActivityDate="2013-09-28T20:08:02.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-09-30T19:51:20.487" Score="0" ViewCount="1454" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Selenium IDE and I am stuck on flow control. Can anyone advise me on how to master this concept? I would like reference on video, or documentation.&#xA;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6095" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-25T14:28:45.537" LastActivityDate="2014-06-29T05:14:50.960" Title="Flow Control in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6893" CreationDate="2013-10-01T01:32:03.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a system of systems, black box really doesn't have a meaning (except what it means to you in your context). Let's take your last statement at face value, that the developers have unit, integration, and system testing well covered. I assume your question can be rephrased as &quot;Give me some ideas for contributing to the team!&quot; :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, here goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I assume the last DB write has a time stamp. Play with changing the time bases of the systems. Try cases of nearly the same (e.g. time zones), wildly in the past, wildly in the future, leap years, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Play with connectivity. Get from the DB, then make the DB connection unavailable when the confirmation attempt is made. Try glitching it for a few seconds, a few minutes, a few hours. Does the output queue if the DB is unavailable? If so, does it lock up the service? Can you overrun the queue? Likewise, try making the mail server unavailable for a few seconds, a fews minutes, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Next, play with network noise. Get a network simulator and inject some random error bits in the initial DB read, the email send, and the DB confirmation. Keep increasing the lag, bit error rate, etc. until you get a failure. Was the failure unexpected? Did it corrupt any of the messages without the system detecting the corruption?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try invalid messages. Put all kinds of random characters in the DB fields, mail address, mail body, mail subject, etc. Can you make the system crash using invalid characters in the fields?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are just a few suggestions based on your general specs. Good hunting!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T01:32:03.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6894" CreationDate="2013-10-01T06:48:09.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.media.color.b.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fill.Color.B&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; property value is a number, not a string, so you need to remove quotes around 0:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aliases.MyApp.BtnCalculationType.WaitProperty(&quot;Fill.Color.B&quot;, 0, 9999999)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, &lt;code&gt;Fill.Color.B&lt;/code&gt; is the color's blue component. You may need to also check the red, green and alpha components. To do this, you need to use a custom comparison instead of &lt;code&gt;WaitProperty&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;WaitProperty&lt;/code&gt; doesn't support checking multiple properties at once). For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;// JScript&#xA;var btn = Aliases.MyApp.BtnCalculationType;&#xA;while ((btn.Fill.Color.B != 0) || (btn.Fill.Color.R != 0) || (btn.Fill.Color.G != 0))&#xA;  Delay(500);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="237" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T06:48:09.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6907" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-01T10:26:51.127" Score="0" ViewCount="30032" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using HP ALM 11.0. I have to copy a test set in test lab of QC from one folder to another but I want to preserve the status of the test cases in the new test set. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I tried to copy and paste the test set, in the new instance all the test cases status are reset to not run by default. I want the status of the new test case to be as it was in the original test case. Can anyone help me to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: From the comments - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our project is managed in weeks. We have a folder for each week, and the intention is to copy test cases which have not been executed the previous week into a new folder. We thought that if we copied the test set with the status we could easily remove the executed test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6100" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T16:57:13.467" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T06:38:49.563" Title="What is the best way to move or copy test cases that have not been executed from one folder to another?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6879" CreationDate="2013-10-01T11:33:22.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hire some professional testers&#xA;Ask them to secure test evidence (screenshots, logs, Bug IDs etc.) and let it be known they will be audited on a regular basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T11:33:22.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6909" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-01T12:26:26.860" Score="0" ViewCount="702" Body="&lt;p&gt;For someone starting to specialize in automated testing, what are the technologies worth to learn? What are the current trends?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, any good pointers where to start a professional career in automated testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is Cucumber, Fitness, Quick Test professional, etc..., what do you think is worth to learn? I.e, what are the current industry demands?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks very much, &#xA;Joao&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6101" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T16:37:55.490" Title="Competencies and technologies knowledge for a automated tester" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-10-07T20:40:41.240" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6909" CreationDate="2013-10-01T13:15:22.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on where you work.  Different market segments use different tools and technologies.  I know a little about the server market.  Someone else will need to answer regarding mobile testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to learn at least one programming language.  Microsoft-centric shops will probably use C#.  Outside of the Microsoft world, they will probably use Linux with Java, Ruby, Python, or C++.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably want to learn SQL.  It doesn't especially matter which RDBMS you use, e.g. Oracle, SQLServer, or Postgresql.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing web applications, you will probably be asked some UI automation.  There are commercial tools like Quick Test Pro, and there are open-source tools like Watir and Selenium.  You will also want to know some JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to learn a version control system.  There are lots of options.  I recommend learning Git.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T13:15:22.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6911" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-01T13:48:39.267" Score="0" ViewCount="1350" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to record a performance test that simulates multiple users logging onto an IP address Access Point.  Each user has a different username/password, and different groups have different section access.  Once logged in and on the Access Point, the user should then be able to access a .qvw application.  When I am connected to the proxy for the recording, I can enter the access point, however the icon of application that I wish to open is a broken image.  Also, when I click on the application link, “The resource you are looking for has been removed, had its name changed, or is temporarily unavailable.”  The tree test results read: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error Count: 1&#xA;Response code: 404&#xA;Response message: Not Found&#xA;&#xA;Response headers:&#xA;HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found&#xA;Cache-Control: private&#xA;Content-Type: text/html&#xA;Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5&#xA;Version: 11.0.11440.0&#xA;Set-Cookie: AccessPointSession=7f14b50e-2207-4e5f-be3b-d5862e38288a; path=/; sec&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can access the application when not connected to the proxy.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience with Jmeter that can help me fix this issue?  I want to be able to record a session within the application. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6102" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T02:48:29.533" LastActivityDate="2020-05-02T09:03:32.777" Title="Jmeter fails to connect to a .qvw on an https server" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;why-does-this-fail&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6912" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6914" CreationDate="2013-10-01T15:12:50.477" Score="1" ViewCount="1509" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need the right direction to click on a input field. When I copy the CSS path I get the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;html body#root div#box div#content div#C_INTERNAL_OBJECT-&lt;strong&gt;98286949812&lt;/strong&gt;.container div#mainPanel.section div#C_DOS_UPDATE-169276301164.container div.content form#C_DOS_UPDATE-&lt;strong&gt;169276301164&lt;/strong&gt;-FORM.parsed div.layout table#L_DOS_UPDATE-&lt;strong&gt;160728179478&lt;/strong&gt;.cols2 tbody tr td table#E_DOS_TITEL-&lt;strong&gt;89531585980&lt;/strong&gt;.element tbody tr td.cell input#E_DOS_TITEL-&lt;strong&gt;89531585980&lt;/strong&gt;-Form-&lt;strong&gt;68356896585&lt;/strong&gt;.form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bold parts are variable and are changing. Next to this I want to write my tests (PHPunit based) to keep them working also when things are changed (mainly the uppercase parts are relevant and don't change). So I asked our developers for the basic structure. I got this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.content&#xA;    .mainPanel&#xA;        .container.detail&#xA;        .container.list&#xA;        .container.tab&#xA;    .sidePanel&#xA;        .container.search&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it's simple for other people, but I don't know how to get the inputfield clicked with this information. How do I select it with a CSS selector which don't use the whole CSS path and only the basic structure above and the absolutely needed parts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help would be really great because I'm feeling a little bit lost and I can't ask the devs at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6076" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T17:03:53.553" Title="Selenium: Click on input-field with complicated selector" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6909" CreationDate="2013-10-01T15:20:13.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my company we use Testcomplete to automate the UI tests, you can download the trial and try it out, you'll need knowledge in JScript, run away from record &amp;amp; playback. It has the advantage of working with a lot of technologies (WPF/Silverlight/Java/Flex/JQuery plugins, etc...) but the disadvantage of the license price, as does Telerik Test Studio and QTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the job offers I see in QA engineer/test development require either C# or Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have time take a look at selenium and watir/watij/watin, they are good tools to automate web browsers from what I've read and with a good community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of sites/blogs out there that you should read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;allthingsquality(dot)com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;blog(dot)codeship(dot)io/category/testing-tuesday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;www(dot)softwaretestingclub(dot)com/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-01T16:37:55.490" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T16:37:55.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6912" CreationDate="2013-10-01T16:52:03.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;CSS selectors can also match strings that start with, end with, or contain a certain substring. For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[id^=&quot;E_DOS_TITEL&quot;] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will match an input element whose id attribute starts with the text E_DOS_TITEL. The ends with comparison operator is &lt;code&gt;$=&lt;/code&gt;, and contains is &lt;code&gt;*=&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example provided above should work as long as it's the only input element on the page whose id begins with that text. If there's more inputs on the page and you want to select a specific one, you could try adding more specificity with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#content #mainPanel table input[id^=&quot;E_DOS_TITEL&quot;] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that's still not matching, it would be helpful if you would be able to post the HTML source of the page in question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastEditorUserId="5691" LastEditDate="2013-10-01T17:03:53.553" LastActivityDate="2013-10-01T17:03:53.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6866" CreationDate="2013-10-02T08:25:18.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that this seems to be a mix of an organizational and technical problem. Without going into the technical part, I would recommend the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would start by thinking of all possible solutions to your problem&#xA;and write them down. Even if you would rule a solution out at first&#xA;thought because you think it is not feasible for any reason, write&#xA;it down without evaluating it. A brainstorming session would be good&#xA;for this step.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have a list of solutions, try to think of advantages and&#xA;disadvantages of each solution (which you already did for some&#xA;technical alternatives) and write them down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think about and estimate the needed resources for each solution:&#xA;Infrastructure (hardware), people, time to implement the solution, cost.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use weighted criteria to evaluate each of the solutions. As a result&#xA;you have a score for each of your solution alternatives.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may take a while to get to a list with which you are satisfied. When you are, pick the top two or three candidates and talk to your boss or management about these:&#xA;Explain/illustrate each of the alternatives, their advantages and disadvantages, needed resources, and recommend to them which alternative is the best in your opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you can suggest to do a small prototype implementation for two alternatives, gather experience and then decide for one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically I think having a test environment which is under your control, that is, nobody else is using it, should be part of the solution. It doesn't have to be all new hardware, but you could negotiate time frames for your exclusive use of an existing test environment. Of course you need to configure and refresh the environment at the beginning of each of your time frames for your needs.&#xA;For example, try to get some working days in each week for your exclusive use for implementing and testing your automation. Also get some nights or weekends for some testing which lasts a bit longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you have thought of all of this before, or it was even self-evident for you, but hopefully you find something helpful in my answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastActivityDate="2013-10-02T08:25:18.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-02T13:21:22.447" Score="3" ViewCount="3536" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test automation suite setup using Selenium and RemoteWebDriver that runs against IE7/8/9/10 and FF10/20/24. The suite takes an average of an hour to complete on each browser except IE9 which takes just over 7 hours. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could cause this performance hit against IE9 specifically?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5689" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-12T11:11:45.660" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T11:11:45.660" Title="Tests running very slow against Internet Explorer 9" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6918" CreationDate="2013-10-02T14:13:59.030" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're using xpath selectors that might be the culprit and you could try converting to CSS selectors instead. I understand that xpath engines are different between browsers, while CSS is native which makes it more efficient. Here's a link of a Sauce Labs blog post with more details on CSS vs xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sauceio.com/index.php/2011/05/why-css-locators-are-the-way-to-go-vs-xpath/&quot;&gt;http://sauceio.com/index.php/2011/05/why-css-locators-are-the-way-to-go-vs-xpath/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out the table in the blog post, there's a big difference in performance speed between CSS and xpath in IE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-10-02T14:13:59.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6920" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-03T02:48:39.447" Score="1" ViewCount="2951" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to pull the Requirements folder structure from QC using C#. The OTA has a built in treeview for testplans but not for requirements. So far I'm able to pull all the folder under root but all the folders are just children of root. See below &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Requirements&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;-folder 1&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;-folder 1's child&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;-folder 2&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;-folder 2's child&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Requirements&#xA;   &lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;-folder 1&#xA;     &lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;-folder 1's child&#xA;   &lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;-folder 2&#xA;      &lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;-folder 2's child&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        TreeView1.Nodes.Clear();&#xA;        TDConnection td = new TDConnection();&#xA;        string serverURL = connectstr;&#xA;        td.InitConnectionEx(serverURL);&#xA;        td.ConnectProjectEx(&quot;test&quot;, &quot;test&quot;, &quot;test&quot;, &quot;test&quot;);&#xA;        bool checkConnect = td.LoggedIn;&#xA;        ReqFactory reqFactory = (ReqFactory)td.ReqFactory;&#xA;        HierarchyFilter reqFilter = (HierarchyFilter)reqFactory.Filter;&#xA;        reqFilter.KeepHierarchical = true;&#xA;        reqFilter[&quot;RQ_FATHER_ID&quot;] = &quot;0&quot;;&#xA;        HierarchySupportList reqs = (HierarchySupportList)reqFilter.NewList();&#xA;        TreeNode tn = new TreeNode(&quot;Requirements&quot;);&#xA;        TreeView1.Nodes.Add(tn);&#xA;        IterateOverReqs(reqFilter, reqs, tn);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private void IterateOverReqs(HierarchyFilter reqFilter, HierarchySupportList reqs, TreeNode tn)&#xA;    {&#xA;        TreeNode t = new TreeNode();&#xA;        foreach (Req req in reqs)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (req.IsFolder)&#xA;            {&#xA;                reqFilter[&quot;RQ_FATHER_ID&quot;] = &quot;&quot; + req.ID;&#xA;                HierarchySupportList childReqs = (HierarchySupportList)reqFilter.NewList();&#xA;                t = new TreeNode((string)req.Name);&#xA;                tn.ChildNodes.Add(t);&#xA;                IterateOverReqs(reqFilter, childReqs, tn);  &#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6113" LastActivityDate="2014-03-02T00:46:02.780" Title="QC: How to get the Requirements Folder structure using OTA?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6920" CreationDate="2013-10-03T08:33:55.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like your tree creation is correct. So I am assuming it is the tree traversal that you are using that is giving you the incorrect output. You would need to do a pre-order traversal and output that correctly given the tree level you are at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6066" LastActivityDate="2013-10-03T08:33:55.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6630" CreationDate="2013-10-03T23:22:29.380" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer - I work for the company that made a solution for this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mailosaur.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mailosaur.com&lt;/a&gt; gives you unlimited test email addresses and a fake SMTP server. Each time an email is received, it will parse the html and extract all the links, optionally visit all these links and store the responses etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a REST API which allows you to access any property of your email for validaton. We have bindings for Java, .NET and Ruby to make your life as easy as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4680" LastEditorUserId="4680" LastEditDate="2014-02-07T22:35:29.987" LastActivityDate="2014-02-07T22:35:29.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2013-10-03T23:36:10.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try out &lt;a href=&quot;http://mailosaur.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mailosaur.com&lt;/a&gt; It gives you unlimited test email addresses and allow for automated and manual testing of emails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have Java, .NET, Ruby, Python and Node.js bindings to make it easy to integrate this in your Selenium test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I am a co-founder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4680" LastEditorUserId="4680" LastEditDate="2015-03-31T02:20:24.087" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T02:20:24.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6925" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-04T00:50:57.450" Score="0" ViewCount="2690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Monkey to stress test one of my company's Android applications. However, the &lt;code&gt;--throttle&lt;/code&gt; switch does not seem to work as specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I set Monkey to inject an input event every 500 milliseconds. While the Monkey runner id noticeably slow down, it would still sometimes send multiple events in rapid succession. I then set the throttling to 5,000 milliseconds, but the issue would persist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I doing something wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2917" LastActivityDate="2014-03-17T04:37:00.170" Title="Android - Monkey throttling not working as specified" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5797" CreationDate="2013-10-04T07:22:16.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter doesn't support JavaScript/Ajax applications as it doesn't include JavaScript engine. So that's the main reason. You may add Cookie Manager and try to re-run your test, but it doesn't guarantee that you can login.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your request body you are using dynamic values and that's why it may work first time after recording with Proxy Server. But you can login till your session is active.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid AJAX and try to send &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XHR requests&lt;/a&gt;, sure if it's supported without unique values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask developers to create test methods for load testing. Where you can pass login/passwd and get authentificated with cookie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use WebDriver sampler&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebSriver sampler&lt;/a&gt; works perfect with Ajax but lauching each thread opens browser instance. So with WebDriver sampler you need more memory than usual case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parse session and pass to threads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can &lt;a href=&quot;http://theworkaholic.blogspot.com/2010/11/jmeter-and-ajax-part-i.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;share JSESSION between thread&lt;/a&gt; and generate uniq IDs. Note that you need basic JMeter skills to write as it's little bit complex. And your Jmeter script should not be functional test, as main point is to load your server. If you choose this way, try to tune up your JMeter script as you have use a lot elements in it.       &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5673" LastActivityDate="2013-10-04T07:22:16.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6931" CreationDate="2013-10-08T04:31:27.990" Score="1" ViewCount="317" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am involved in a project where Given-When-Then formatted stories are written by the Product Owner (in a web-based story repository / JIRA), then created by Developers, while system test automation (written as SpecFlow .feature files) is built by the Tester to cover all testable behaviours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What seems to happen as a natural part of the lifecycle is that the test automation logic will combine, extend and clarify the details of the original acceptance criteria.&#xA;This further definition can be lost, however, since the .feature files are only reviewed by the Tester, while the Product Owner wants only to be exposed to the original set of stories and acceptance criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like we might be breaking BDD by not exposing the .feature files to the Product Owner, but even if the latest .feature files are available through a version control tool, does that mean our Product Owner would need to learn about that as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And even if they access these files through version control, how are Product Owners supposed to write useful GWT statements without also using the IDE to discover/intellisense the existing step definitions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What experiences are others having with this type of situation?  Any suggestions are appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6144" LastEditorUserId="6144" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T01:23:56.620" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T01:23:56.620" Title="Product Owners - level of involvement with .feature files" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6929" CreationDate="2013-10-08T05:30:54.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my situation the clarification process happens working together with the product owners from every involved area. Once the requirements are clarified, reviewed and signed off then I'm going to write the BDDs and basically the BDDs are not reviewed by POs. It is a result of process evolving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The POs can see that the product represent the business value they wanted, the product is working fine and the testing activity is able to prove the business value exists. Due to that they have the feeling of safety and the trust in the product they think that there is no need to have the BDDs reviewed by them. It is a sign of trust. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, they take the BDDs as part of the testing and not part of the whole process. It is due to that the whole BDD methodology was introduced in a bad way and badly managed and there is no company wide education activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-08T11:30:46.130" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T11:30:46.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6929" CreationDate="2013-10-08T07:01:34.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of your question talks about the tools, Jira, source control, etc.  I think you are letting the process that the tools facilitate is guiding your thinking too much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read &lt;a href=&quot;http://lizkeogh.com/behaviour-driven-development/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Liz Keogh&lt;/a&gt;, she repeatedly talks about &lt;strong&gt;the conversation&lt;/strong&gt; that you need to have in order to fully define and form your ideas about the feature that you are developing. I think your current process is isolating people too much and preventing the conversation from happening. As you say, the POs are not reviewing the updated specifications, to me, that seems to be because they are being produced in isolation originally. Since the testers requirements aren't met then they update the specifications without the POs being involved either. If you could get all parties involved in a conversation initially then the process&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you decide to keep your current workflow, there are some features of Jira that might also help you to improve it. See if you can get &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/fisheye/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FishEye&lt;/a&gt; added to your Jira installation. This enables you to produce code reviews, which would be a simple means of highlighting the specification changes to your POs and kicking off a conversation about those changes. You could find that some changes only need a few comments electronically, others might require picking up the phone or talking it over face to face, but at least they aren't missed. Just looking at the highlighted changes would certainly be better than opening up the whole source tree to the POs and possibly missing some of those specification changes inside all the other source files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6146" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-08T11:32:42.073" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T11:32:42.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6893" CreationDate="2013-10-08T09:55:39.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all you must have a clear understanding of the requirements. You should be able to understand how the requirements of the smaller system are going to affect the bigger system. Risk analysis and risk based testing are surely going to help in this type of scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6078" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-08T11:29:31.810" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T11:29:31.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6933" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6938" CreationDate="2013-10-08T10:02:41.343" Score="2" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been testing a application in agile methodology where requirements change frequently.&#xA;So, now the application has become stable.So , what are the extra skills  to test a stable system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6078" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T02:04:28.873" Title="what are the testing skills needed to test a stable system?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6933" CreationDate="2013-10-08T10:41:22.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Well&lt;/strong&gt;, firstly I hope you've been building up a decent test library as you've been going else there's a lot of work in re-building a regression test pack. &lt;em&gt;Better still&lt;/em&gt;, I'd hope that while working with the Dev's you built up an automation framework (or at least 'bunches of scripts' that could be used in a future framework) per sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not doing this correctly has bitten me hard in the past, as has not being able to convince people to do so when starting somewhere new ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Skills wise, you just need to be your normal awesome self. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General rules, Keep checking the little things, it's only as stable as the last test run, every change requires you to be either all-encompassing and retesting entire suites of tests OR you're using your risk management and analysis skills to measure and build testing suites needed for the changes being made to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of that is made easier by thinking about the end-game early in the process. Next time you run through an Agile project, If you build suites in the right way, along with building low-dependency modular code, then you should be on the path to maintaining that stable system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only other concerns are how deeply you go into testing the infrastructure, load and performance testing, integrations and API's etc... all of those follow the same rules, but require a slightly different set of skills..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always plan your regression strategy early (preferably before you&#xA;start)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always have an idea of what will happen &quot;After&quot; planned sprints&#xA;complete (for risk management and future planning)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build your tests to match independent chunks of modular code (easier&#xA;to plan future testing for changes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be Awesome and never 'trust' things are stable.... ever&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T10:41:22.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6933" CreationDate="2013-10-08T11:49:37.463" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, there aren't any extra skills need to test a stable system. What tends to happen once the system is stable and not under continuous development is that the proportion of time spent on exploratory testing drops compared to the proportion of time spent on regression and checking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming here that by &quot;stable&quot; you mean that the requirements are no longer changing, and the application is not being actively developed, although bug fixes and minor feature development may continue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this scenario, if an automated regression suite hadn't been built to cover the critical functionality of the application (precisely how much gets automated varies depending on the application and its targeted user base), I'd be starting there. The automated regression would supplement unit and integration tests built into the build process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once a stable regression suite is running on at least a daily basis, I'd be looking at expanding the regression to cover reported bugs, less critical functionality on the basis of how much benefit it offers compared to the time to automate (not every feature of every application can be automated, and many that can be automated aren't worth automating - which is its own question). I'd also be looking at the edges of the application, particularly where it interacts with other systems (defined input/outputs - you don't want to be trying to automate third party commercial applications if you can avoid it) and ways to streamline and improve the automated regression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; allocate time to maintain the automated regression. This is the one thing that isn't optional. If you don't have maintenance time built into your scheduling it &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; bite you, usually when you can least afford it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-10-08T11:49:37.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6936" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6948" CreationDate="2013-10-08T14:57:09.293" Score="4" ViewCount="905" Body="&lt;p&gt;How will certification help in a testing career and up to what extent will it help? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6078" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T12:08:50.497" LastActivityDate="2019-07-10T12:02:08.097" Title="Are certification courses like ISTQB necessary in testing career and if so, to what extent?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2013-10-09T17:14:55.003" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6936" CreationDate="2013-10-08T15:25:16.410" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is certification courses like ISTQB necessary in testing career&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's clearly not &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;necessary&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, as the many non-certified testers can attest. I have been in this business a long time, and have never felt the need to become certified. And I have hired a lot of people - never once requiring  or caring if they were certified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, for the certified, it's not actually the &lt;em&gt;certification&lt;/em&gt; that is useful, but the &lt;em&gt;learning&lt;/em&gt; that is actually useful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, you can gain all the knowledge you need on your own, or you can go spend money on certification courses and gain &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; knowledge (which may or may not actually be useful/needed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A while back, I performed a quick experiment to see if certifications were actually useful in getting hired.  My conclusion - &quot;So will having a CSTE or CSQA help you get hired? Perhaps. But it probably won't matter.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try a similar experiment yourself: &lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/2010/04/software-qa-certifications-aid-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software QA Certifications - An Aid To Gaining Employment?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2019-07-10T12:02:08.097" LastActivityDate="2019-07-10T12:02:08.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6933" CreationDate="2013-10-09T02:04:28.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to above answers, My check list for better test strategy for Stable system&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the system become stable the tests need to be more deep dive (Integration tests) to identify bugs which are not easy UI / basic failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A check list of bugs released during earlier fix would help to gauge the level testing / possible areas bugs injected by the devs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am totally for automation at early stages, My approach was developing reusable DB scripts, data loading scripts, SOAP UI scripts for Web Service calls which finally provided clarity on automation approach. My suggestion is start developing scripts to simplify tasks before betting for a full fledged automation suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A little bit more white box testing / Dev Discussions always helps to learn more on implementation and think where it can fail &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use tools for checking exceptions in logs / windows events / DB Errors. These could be overlooked while testing so a tool's usage to monitor / capture exceptions errors would be useful&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T02:04:28.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6939" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6944" CreationDate="2013-10-09T05:36:34.197" Score="-2" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am preparing documentation on a software product for my company. &#xA;Can anyone provide me suggestions for preparing a better document will help me a lot.&#xA;Are screenshots necessary while preparing the documentation ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6078" LastEditorUserId="6078" LastEditDate="2013-10-11T05:02:52.473" LastActivityDate="2013-10-11T05:02:52.473" Title="how to present a documentation from user point of view?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2013-10-10T15:34:56.723" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6940" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-09T06:02:32.483" Score="2" ViewCount="398" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a recent interview a friend of mine was asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not have time to write test scripts, so as quick way what are the things exactly you will test manually in the order of preference ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6155" LastEditorUserId="951" LastEditDate="2013-10-09T11:20:03.190" LastActivityDate="2014-02-17T10:49:05.333" Title="What manual testing should be done when no time for automating it?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6940" CreationDate="2013-10-09T06:10:17.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As there is no time to automate the test scripts.It is better to perform risk based manual testing so that the critical defects can be found and fixed.Hence making the system stable under such pressure and then try to find the bugs in the interfaces among the modules and make them fixed.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6078" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T06:10:17.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6940" CreationDate="2013-10-09T07:05:00.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the risks are known then you can test them at first, after that worth to organize a exploratory testing focusing on the risky areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T07:05:00.980" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6939" CreationDate="2013-10-09T08:09:05.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe my answer is trite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you prepare the documentation, try to be as specific as possible when describing it. Imagine that you are a potential user that know nothing about the product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5916" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T08:09:05.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6939" CreationDate="2013-10-09T08:58:47.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Writing documentation for a software product is not easy. When I did it I had to keep in my mind that how the users use the software and I built up the main line of the document. Basically, the documentation followed the user journeys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, later we were able to define the different roles who use the software. So to have higher satisfaction I upgraded the documentation which followed the user journeys of the different roles who use the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that I had to learn their language (they were accountant and finance experts) and I used their language in the documentation. Later I asked a few of them to review it before it will be published for all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on this little experience whenever I have to write something I ask the next questions to identify the goals of the documentation:&#xA;- who will use the software?&#xA;- how they will use it?&#xA;- what the main user journeys are?&#xA;- what the main roles are?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T08:58:47.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6940" CreationDate="2013-10-09T11:45:22.463" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would depend on how well I knew the product or project - if I was familiar with it, I'd have a good idea of where the risks were so I'd focus my testing this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Steel thread or happy path - the things that have to be working for the product to be accepted by the customer. This is usually in requirements or use cases and typically defines what the system should do in specific circumstances.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Highest risk areas - once I was satisfied that the core functionality was stable, I'd look at the other parts of the system I know are one or more of the following: bug-prone, places where failure is catastrophic to customers (getting financial data wrong in something that manages sales and products, for instance), anything that's subject to legal requirements (such as rules for storing patient information in the USA), and so forth. This would include things like &quot;does not corrupt data in the event of a crash&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lower risk but high visibility areas - this includes things like avoiding showing raw error code on something that faces the public (which may also be a security issue, depending on the application - in which case it's a higher priority item), potentially embarrassing or misleading wording, and general usability. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I &lt;em&gt;don't&lt;/em&gt; know the system before I start testing, the first thing I'd do is a combination of exploratory testing and research to find out as much as I can about the steel thread, the requirements, and the risk areas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I'd make sure to communicate my assessment of the risks involved in releasing the product. Whether it releases or not is a business decision based on factors I can't control (which could include contractual obligations), but I &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; make sure that the risks I see are clearly stated so that the people who make the decision aren't working with inadequate information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T11:45:22.463" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-09T11:45:26.227" Score="0" ViewCount="1181" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get familiar with selenium. I decided to try to work with facebook, and fulfill my profile with selenium, But they use too much Ajax. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not very complicated to fulfill my hometown and so on, but I don't really know how to upload an image. They have an Ajax form to choose between upload and webcam photo. And then I need to handle somehow an upload dialog... any ideas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6160" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-10T11:49:46.140" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T20:05:21.577" Title="Upload image via ajax form with selenium and Python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6936" CreationDate="2013-10-09T12:53:14.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my experience does not matter whether you certified or not. The knowledge and experience is important you have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, I have to say that I have ISTQB CTFL and CTAL-TM certification and I'm going to do the others as well because of the knowledge. The fact that I have these certifications my existence as tester has some strength. The knowledge and the experience I have is not questioned as many times as my colleagues' skills are questioned. On the other hand our clients are satisfied when they can see that there is a partner who has employees having these certifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I should write with capitals letter this but, these certifications do not give you knowledge, experience and humility which is required in the testing world. They are not equivalent with the willing to learn attitude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is another aspect of having certifications. You will be in focus. There will be people who watching you as a example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2013-10-09T12:53:14.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6949" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-09T13:54:00.290" Score="1" ViewCount="199" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been able to test a flex desktop app after following this steps ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/30904/#Compile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/30904/#Compile&lt;/a&gt; ) but now I have to test a mobile flex app and I always get this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SecurityError: Error #3207: Application-sandbox content cannot access this feature.&#xA;at flash.system::Security$/allowDomain()&#xA;at FlexClient::Agent()&#xA;at FlexClient::Agent$/init()&#xA;at mx.managers::SystemManager/http://www.adobe.com/2006/flex/mx/internal::kickOff()[/Users/justinmclean/Documents/ApacheFlex4.10/frameworks/projects/framework/src/mx/managers/SystemManager.as:2823]&#xA;at mx.managers::SystemManager/http://www.adobe.com/2006/flex/mx/internal::preloader_completeHandler()[/Users/justinmclean/Documents/ApacheFlex4.10/frameworks/projects/framework/src/mx/managers/SystemManager.as:2731]&#xA;at flash.events::EventDispatcher/dispatchEventFunction()&#xA;at flash.events::EventDispatcher/dispatchEvent()&#xA;at mx.preloaders::Preloader/timerHandler()[/Users/justinmclean/Documents/ApacheFlex4.10/frameworks/projects/framework/src/mx/preloaders/Preloader.as:572]&#xA;at flash.utils::Timer/_timerDispatch()&#xA;at flash.utils::Timer/tick()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember this error when I tested the desktop app but, somehow, I finally got around it, but nothing seems to work with this mobile app...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a flex app built with sdk 4.10 and running on the air simulator for iPhone 3gs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you can help me...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:15:54.687" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:15:54.687" Title="Test flex mobile application built with 4.10 sdk with testcomplete" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete8&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2021-05-14T09:26:52.977" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="6950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6907" CreationDate="2013-10-10T02:54:42.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not aware of Front End functionality to achieve this.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will be possible through QC's API though and this should be doable within a day of scripting (coding ability required). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6165" LastActivityDate="2013-10-10T02:54:42.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6951" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-10T05:13:20.380" Score="3" ViewCount="575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been testing a desktop application  for two years.I want to test web application.So, what knowledge should i possess and what should i learn before testing a web application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6078" LastActivityDate="2013-10-10T11:43:54.083" Title="What knowledge should i possess before testing a web application?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6951" CreationDate="2013-10-10T06:51:10.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of changes you will see once you switch from Testing of Desktop to Web application. You can study about these points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the client Server Architecture. How your Website is handling data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does your testing needs to cover Security part. Learn about SQL injections or XSS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scripts and controls or model which different websites are  following.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance or Load Testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3069" LastActivityDate="2013-10-10T06:51:10.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6953" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-10T07:03:40.140" Score="0" ViewCount="5608" Body="&lt;p&gt;Step 1: I have provided the login in browser level &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 2: It moved to remote desktop &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 3: When I click on remote desktop icon in browser it will show the window authentication login of QA server &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 4: I have tried with selenium IDE to record but the actions are not recorded after the click on remote desktop &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here selenium was installed in my pc. Is it possible to automate the window authentication login of QA server using the web driver in my pc or should I install it in server too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes, could any one provide the solution for above issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6169" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-19T15:13:14.997" LastActivityDate="2014-01-19T15:13:14.997" Title="How to automate Windows remote desktop login poup in server using Web Driver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6951" CreationDate="2013-10-10T11:43:54.083" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, functional testing of websites isn't much different from functional testing of desktop applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The places I've found that can be different are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting a clean test environment can be more complicated (it can also be next to impossible for extremely large corporate web applications)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There will be additional security concerns because web applications require online  connectivity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data paths can be more complicated: where a desktop application might use a database, in corporate applications that database will be inside the firewall. For a web application the hosting is likely to be in a DMZ area between the corporate entry point and the firewall, and communication with the database has to go through the firewall. There can also be multiple different services the web application uses for its data, where a desktop application tends to be more of a standalone thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will probably need to know how to set up and use test SSL certificates. Many countries have laws about where SSL must be used - at minimum this will include logging in and any payment detail entry. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learning basic HTML, CSS, and JavaScript will help you. Typically web applications include client-side programming in JavaScript, layout and styling through CSS, and base markup with HTML. Being able to understand these makes tracking down front-end bugs much easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiarity with multiple browsers and mobile OS emulators is also helpful. Unlike a desktop application, a web application is not in complete control of its appearance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiarity with your web application's data model is essential. Unlike a desktop application, a web application is functionally stateless. Each page is independent of each other page and only knows about the data it's given, its rendering instructions, and the data it sends. This can make a web application behave quite differently than a desktop application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the plus side, it can often be easier to automate a web application, both because there are more good quality open source and free tools for web applications than there are for desktop applications, and because HTML is pretty much standardized these days and even if you can't get an automation handle through an ID, you can get it through the Document Object Model or XPath identifiers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-10-10T11:43:54.083" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6955" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-10T14:09:00.237" Score="8" ViewCount="857" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been tasked with developing a method to functional test and load test an application we're implementing in our environment.  The vendor created a shell which uses &lt;code&gt;Internet Explorer_Server&lt;/code&gt; controls to display content and get input.  The problem lies in that I cannot get the raw HTML from the control, I get &lt;code&gt;&quot;Access Denied&quot; 80020009&lt;/code&gt; when I try to get the data using COM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Up till now, I worked around the COM error by entering data into fields and pulling it out again for evaluation.  The assumption here is that if I could enter data, the page loaded and at least the field was there.  This approach has gotten me only so far, as I've gotten to parts where there's no form of input but I need to verify it loaded.  The narrator program of windows is able to see inside this control and read the text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is what other methods/technologies can I use to get the HTML from the control?  I'm using AutoIt for this project (but I'm not limited or restricted to it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6166" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T06:08:57.673" LastActivityDate="2020-12-31T07:04:35.463" Title="Automated Testing Involving Internet Explorer_Server Controls" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;autoit&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6672" CreationDate="2013-10-10T23:22:30.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sahi.co.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sahi Web Test Automation Tool&lt;/a&gt; is a very good automation tool. It is based on javascript language, you can learn to use it quite easily and it can manage even more complex web application.&#xA;I use the open-source edition and I can recommend it, especialy if you feel comfortable with javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6172" LastActivityDate="2013-10-10T23:22:30.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6966" CreationDate="2013-10-11T00:08:24.567" Score="1" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;We shipped a product. We then got a request to develop another product which would have its own release cycle. It was decided to start this development in the same branch as the first product we shipped, and use its core engine (with some changes to core required, and the rest written as 'extensions' mostly as separate assemblies). We then shipped this product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this junction, we would like to try to avoid breaking up the two products into their own development branches, and instead keep it all under same branch. In this sense, we would treat the core as an internal shared library to be consumed by the other products. Almost like a third-party library &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 1:&lt;/strong&gt; If we are currently developing ProductA, and need to make changes to the core engine for a new feature, do we also need to test ProductB &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;at the same time&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in order to make sure no breaking changes have been made which negatively impact ProductB? Note that the two products may be in there own release cycles, however this does not mean that these cycles will not overlap in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess what I am trying to achieve is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code re-use and some elegance to the design and architecture (instead of different full copies of the code with their own implementations)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not branch if I do not have to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid a constant 'break-fix' cycle where making change to core breaks something for the 'other' product which we may not start on until months down the road. Finding it NOW will allow us to adjust the core so that it adapts to all other products that use it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 2&lt;/strong&gt; - Is it too much to ask that Test should treat the 'core' as a product in its own right? What types of test - basic 'smoke tests'? Integration? or should the full suite of Functional tests for each product be run each time a change to core is made?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 3&lt;/strong&gt; - Is this not something we should be asking of QA? Should this really be only handled by developers and THEIR tests (unit, maybe some integration tests)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2857" LastActivityDate="2013-10-11T11:48:05.940" Title="Testing an internal shared library which is used by more than one product on different release cycles" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5194" CreationDate="2013-10-11T04:01:18.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, they can if that is what the situation demands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're following Agile methodology, then of-course tester can fix bugs if they want to.&#xA;In Agile, the boundaries of developers and quality engineers blur. Depending on the capacity and backlog, team-members take up user-stories. And if there is a bug to fix which the quality engineer(QE) is willing to fix the bug and verify it later - then surely he can. He can step in the shoes of a developer if the need arises(assuming he is technically proficient enough).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps, in waterfall environment such flexibility won't exist where developers and QE roles will overlap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am in favor of QEs going ahead and fixing bugs. More so,when practicing White-Box Testing they are well versed with the code flow. Figuring out a missing condition in the code and then fixing the bug will surely be a testament to the technical proficiency of the QE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3092" LastActivityDate="2013-10-11T04:01:18.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1876" CreationDate="2013-10-11T07:55:57.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe this article gives a good overview of the different data warehouse testing that should be applied:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://quality-gates.com/?p=1284&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://quality-gates.com/?p=1284&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;We are using this method in almost every data warehouse project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6175" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-11T11:52:36.510" LastActivityDate="2013-10-11T11:52:36.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7787" CreationDate="2013-10-11T08:33:28.490" Score="2" ViewCount="4890" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium IDE. I want to do validations for the checkbox. I have tried the below code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;mouseOver&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;name=viewIndex&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;356&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;name=viewIndex&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;356&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is executing the result as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[info] Executing: |mouseOver | name=viewIndex | 356 |&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there is no progress on my webpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T09:11:04.940" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T09:11:04.940" Title="How to validate checkbox in Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2013-10-11T11:07:35.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should try Bluestacks Emulator For Android. It works smoothly and also is the only free Android Emulator till today. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iappforpc.com/2013/10/bluestacks-android-emulator-pc-app-game-player-offline-installer.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.iappforpc.com/2013/10/bluestacks-android-emulator-pc-app-game-player-offline-installer.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6177" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-11T11:54:32.020" LastActivityDate="2013-10-11T11:54:32.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6958" CreationDate="2013-10-11T11:48:05.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 1&lt;/strong&gt; - Regression testing the product you aren't working on is essential because both products are using the same core code. This is where you'd want to have a good automated regression library so you can know if a change to the core engine for product A has negatively impacted product B. Ideally, you'd be running your regression on either a per-build or per-day basis so that you have no more than 24 hours lag time between a breaking change and becoming aware of it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 2&lt;/strong&gt; - In this case it depends on how much of the interaction between the core engine and the product using it is exposed. If the engine has an API you can exercise without spinning up the products, you can build regression that exercises only the API and limit your product regression to end-to-end testing to ensure that changes haven't negatively impacted flow through the applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have any visibility into the core engine, your test team is going to find it very difficult to treat it as a product in its own right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 3&lt;/strong&gt; - I would say that it needs to be covered by all parties. Developer unit tests and integration tests will help to catch any breaking changes quickly, but without the regression tests checking end-to-end functionality and (if at all possible) API functionality of the core engine there are still business cases that can be missed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give an illustration, at my previous employer I worked with a suite of applications that handled specialized point of sale and web store transactions (among other things). There were multiple independent modules that exercised the tax calculation engine, but due to the specialized nature of the modules, there was no guarantee that a change that worked correctly in module A would do so in modules B, C, D... Unit and integration tests couldn't cover the scenarios because of the way information was passed through the system. As a result, the test team built and maintained extensive tax regression automation so that each possible tax scenario was exercised at least &lt;em&gt;once&lt;/em&gt; in each module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-10-11T11:48:05.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6967" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-11T20:38:19.677" Score="1" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am talking about the real 'Test Completeness', not the traditional 'Code Coverage'，because Code Coverage is not very helpful when people start asking for more accurate estimations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And by 'Test Completeness' I mean that (virtually) ALL possible usages of a function are covered, including Border conditions of the arguments, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6041885/is-there-a-good-measure-of-completeness-of-unit-tests&quot;&gt;another Stackoverflow thread&lt;/a&gt; discussing this topic, but no java tool is mentioned in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there such as tool that can take a look at the current JUnit Tests and tell me approximately the percentage of completeness?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6181" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-02-20T11:31:07.270" Title="Java Unit Testing Completeness Indicator Tool?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6967" CreationDate="2013-10-12T03:44:50.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jacoco&lt;/a&gt;?  Jacoco generates line and branch coverage (more info in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/trunk/doc/counters.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;docs&lt;/a&gt;).  I'm not really sure if that covers your &quot;completeness&quot; definition.  Personally, I don't write many unit tests, I use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/trunk/doc/agent.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java Agent&lt;/a&gt; to show lines/branches executed during functional automated tests (this feature is totally awesome).  I hope it fits what you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, I hope others add it to there test automation stack, it gives you hard numbers on what lines of code are being executed in your automated or manual tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1062" LastActivityDate="2013-10-12T03:44:50.683" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5059" CreationDate="2013-10-12T12:54:59.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question hints at a couple of questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What Is a Page Object?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A page object is code written to model an actual page (or part of a page) in a web application. Eg. each page in your app, would have an associated page object file that provides the “services” that the actual page offers. Eg. if there’s a button on a page in your application, you would have a reference to that button in your page object. If you then write a test that clicks that button, you would access the button through the page object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why Use Page Objects?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page object provide many benefits, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make tests more readable/easier to understand&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make tests easier to maintain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Help organize code into logical chunks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How To Use Page Objects&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an example of the page object pattern I use in Sahi, written in Javascript &lt;a href=&quot;http://qualityshepherd.com/2013/10/using-page-objects-in-sahi-javascript/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;on my blog&lt;/a&gt;. It walks through the included, working source code, which might help solidify the concept. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4653" LastActivityDate="2013-10-12T12:54:59.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7059" CreationDate="2013-10-14T05:12:40.640" Score="0" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium-ide-2.4.0 api in Mozilla Firefox 16, when i close and use Firefox 2 and again restart my Firefox 16 i need to re-install my api and use it, Why is it happening so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2013-10-28T15:20:30.620" Title="Selenium IDE is automatically getting rid off" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6772" CreationDate="2013-10-14T12:58:42.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for a framework to give you some structure, ITIL would be a good place to start.  It's flexible in that you're empowered to adapt ITIL to your own situation and needs.  There are many level's of ITIL implementation, but check over this link on the fundamentals and see if it's what you're looking for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itil-officialsite.com/Qualifications/ITILQualificationLevels/ITILFoundation.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ITIL Foundation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6166" LastActivityDate="2013-10-14T12:58:42.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6975" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-14T18:35:11.477" Score="1" ViewCount="969" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/truebit/AndroidWebDriver4Python&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;I found this Android webdriver API on github&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already have the Selenium Python client and have written many plain web-based test scripts with it. I have tried asking the git owner, but he has not responded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the instructions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;download AndroidWebDriver4Python using command:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ git clone git://github.com/truebit/AndroidWebDriver4Python.git&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download and extract Selenium Python client&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Copy the entire py folder under AndroidWebDriver4Python to merge the same one in root directory of AndroidDriver for Python&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Back to the root directory of Selenium Python Client, to install this modified version using command:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ python setup.py install&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does number 3 mean? It sounds like he's saying to copy the py folder into itself. Shouldn't it go into the Lib folder of your Python27 folder?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I don't understand step 4. Won't this reinstall your Selenium Python client?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6192" LastEditorDisplayName="user5554" LastEditDate="2013-10-15T11:16:22.283" LastActivityDate="2014-04-06T04:07:03.647" Title="Selenium Webdriver Mobile with Python - AndroidWebdriver4Python installation question" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-15T06:51:55.480" Score="0" ViewCount="1442" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across this term recently &quot;protocol testing&quot;.I would like to know about it. What skills are needed in protocol testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6078" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T14:16:04.427" Title="what is protocol testing and what approach can be taken to attain skills in this type of testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6975" CreationDate="2013-10-15T07:30:49.380" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am the author.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually this is a patch-like binding. &#xA;You should know what I said in step 2. You need to download the source code of &lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official Python bindings for Selenium&lt;/a&gt; and then copy my patch to the source files and install the patch source code, as mentioned in step 3 and 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6196" LastEditorUserId="6196" LastEditDate="2013-10-17T02:55:45.913" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T02:55:45.913" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6976" CreationDate="2013-10-15T08:47:31.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To test that the protocols are working as expected or not is Protocol Testing. Now testing tool will depend upon the protocol which is under test. I'll share the one on which I was working on. You might have heard about RADIUS, DIAMETER etc. which are kind of protocols which enforces rules to the technology which is being used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How data is getting transferred , How sessions are getting Authorized or Authenticated between different network interfaces, how bandwidth is allocated is covered under testing of such protocols. For Eg. We were using the tool named Wireshark which will capture the packets being transferred between two systems. You need to simulate the traffic generation in this case. So the traffic captured by Wireshark will explain when the session is getting established, when exact data travel has started and how much data is send each time etc. Which protocol comes into picture when some threshold is breached, when consumption is over, when additional bandwidth is required will depend upon the protocol you are working on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The messages are transferred between different systems/interfaces which will adhere to the rules defined by protocols and whether they are working as expected or not will be covered as a part of testing. This is just an overview and hopefully it will clear the picture. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3069" LastActivityDate="2013-10-15T08:47:31.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6982" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-15T19:06:58.857" Score="1" ViewCount="8089" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm building automation testing for web application by using JUnit 4.9 and Selenium Webdriver. It's time consuming. So I'm trying to experiment with ParallelComputer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering how can I get result of each test. In my current code below, it will run as one test and will pass even though there's an assertion error in one of the test classes. I'm new to the framework and parallel. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ParallelComputerTest &#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test() &#xA;    {&#xA;        Class[] cls={19 test classes in here};&#xA;&#xA;        //Parallel among classes&#xA;        JUnitCore.runClasses(ParallelComputer.classes(), cls);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6189" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-15T20:13:27.360" LastActivityDate="2018-09-20T09:25:02.013" Title="JUnit ParallelComputer Runs All Test Classes As One" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6983" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-16T10:27:22.220" Score="0" ViewCount="8372" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you agree with the following 3 sentences about &lt;em&gt;Automated Testing&lt;/em&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increases the agility of development &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increases software quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does not reduce global duration of testing (including planning, script writing, script maintenance...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6206" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T12:22:08.740" Title="What are the main goals of &quot;Automated Testing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-02-04T03:32:07.573" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6983" CreationDate="2013-10-16T10:57:51.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Increases the agility of development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not quite correct. In my opinion, it could be one goal of test automation to &quot;increase the agility of development&quot;, but there is no guarantee that it actually does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Increases software quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be precise: No. Tests cannot increase software quality. But succesful tests can strengthen confidence in software quality. By testing, it is possible to measure software quality, in terms of defects found for functional and non-functional software requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does not reduce global duration of testing (including planning, script writing, script maintenance...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That depends on the project or whatever one wants do to with it. If the automated tests will be used many times over a long period, the duration of testing might well be less than performing these tests manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastActivityDate="2013-10-16T10:57:51.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="6997" CreationDate="2013-10-16T11:03:56.333" Score="4" ViewCount="731" Body="&lt;p&gt;With pairwise testing we're able to reduce exhaustive testing to testing all combinations of pairs. I'm new to a group of software testers testing an huge amount of functions with many input variables. Now my task is to reduce test cases if possible. My problem is with pairwise testing tools I would create more tests than they are already doing, because they're not testing exhaustively (or anything near exhaustive), but just a &quot;few&quot; cases they think are mostly used and know have showed off bugs in the past. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I'm thinking about writing down the tests being done and checking whether they already covered all pairwise combinations of this test with some other tests. This would really be a lot of unsystematic work I believe, and I can't imagine there is no better way to help them optimize their work. Furthermore I'm not quite sure if this would work or not. I would appreciate any contribution to my problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;consider this scenario: you got to test a software and you already got some testcases with decent coverage for your Problem. Pairwise tools generate testcases covering all pairwise combinations, but thats not what you are looking for, because you dont have the time to test all combinations pairwise tools suggest. Instead I'm thinking about weather its possible or not to drop some of the tests my colleagues created by checking for tests with all pair combinations being already tested in other tests. p.s. does anyone know a tool that could help us with this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O.K. now after analysis of the testing-process, I figured out that they are just testing control samples. For example they got 1000 test to do, 4 systems (e.g. first system is Windows XP French, second is Windows 7 englisch etc.) now anyone grabs any feature he wants to and tests it on his mashine (he or she tests that function in just one scenario and if the test passes nobody else has to do it anymore). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't imagine how pairwise testing could help them drop any of their tests when they are already testing just control samples while pairwise would suggest to test way more combinations (and testing more or slightly more for better product quality is no option they say). So does maybe anyone see something i might've overlooked or  didn't think about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6207" LastEditorUserId="6207" LastEditDate="2013-10-21T08:31:06.093" LastActivityDate="2018-10-25T11:50:28.720" Title="Thoughts on pairwise testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;pairwise-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6983" CreationDate="2013-10-16T11:31:52.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a word, &quot;No&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some more detail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;•Increases the agility of development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never seen this as either a goal or an outcome of automated testing. Typically, automated testing is used for regression - to provide some level of &lt;em&gt;assurance&lt;/em&gt; that previously working software has not been broken by new changes. This has no impact on the agility of development, regardless of whether the automation is in the form of unit tests or GUI end-to-end automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;•Increases software quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing can never increase software quality. The quality comes from the design, the coding of that design, and how well both design and code work to solve the problem the software is intended to solve (be it &quot;entertain a gamer for fifty hours&quot; or &quot;automate grocery store purchasing&quot;). At most, testing provides information &lt;em&gt;about&lt;/em&gt; the quality of the software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, any organization that thinks quality can be &quot;tested in&quot; is headed for an ugly failure. The only questions are &quot;how ugly?&quot; and &quot;when?&quot; (a prime example here is the healthcare.gov disaster in the USA - that site has numerous examples of basic failures in development and testing quality - in &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; job I've had if I'd missed even &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; of these it would be a firing offence for me as the tester and whoever coded it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;•Does not reduce global duration of testing (including planning,&#xA;  script writing, script maintenance...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I honestly don't see how the overall duration of testing is relevant to automated testing at all. Well designed automated testing can reduce the amount of testing time spent on &lt;em&gt;tedious, repetitive&lt;/em&gt; testing - which a computer can do more accurately than a human - allowing &lt;em&gt;more&lt;/em&gt; time to be devoted to exploratory testing - which has a much higher likelihood of finding problems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-10-16T11:31:52.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6985" CreationDate="2013-10-16T12:03:48.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say that this situation calls for some analysis of the input combinations that are in use with your user base, the total set of input combinations (yes, that part is ugly), the combinations known to be prone to bugs - since bugs tend to cluster - with the ultimate goal being to isolate and prioritize the most common and/or most buggy combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll likely find that your team has a good handle on the problematic combinations due to experience with the application. Some data mining of your bug tracking tool will help quantify this information (if you have it - if not, use your team's knowledge as your oracle). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend talking to your customer support people to find the most common customer input combinations, particularly since it sounds like your employer doesn't have an actual database of these (I sympathize - I've been there...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To compare these against the full set of possible combinations I'd recommend using any data analysis tools you can lay hands on. You're going to want to map out the full combination set in some form (this would be an interesting automation project) and then base your priorities on first known buggy, then most common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-10-16T12:03:48.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6988" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-10-16T15:25:55.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In computer science, all-pairs testing or pairwise testing is a combinatorial method of software testing that, for each pair of input parameters to a system (typically, a software algorithm), tests all possible discrete combinations of those parameters. Using carefully chosen test vectors, this can be done much faster than an exhaustive search of all combinations of all parameters, by &quot;parallelizing&quot; the tests of parameter pairs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-pairs_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-pairs_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastEditorUserId="5691" LastEditDate="2013-10-16T16:08:04.193" LastActivityDate="2013-10-16T16:08:04.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6989" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-10-16T15:25:55.857" Score="0" Body=" Pairwise testing is a combinatorial method of software testing that for each pair of input parameters to a system tests all possible discrete combinations of those parameters. " OwnerUserId="5691" LastEditorUserId="5691" LastEditDate="2013-10-16T16:08:09.680" LastActivityDate="2013-10-16T16:08:09.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6985" CreationDate="2013-10-16T17:31:23.737" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pairwise (or combinatorial) testing is a technique to help us systematically produce a subset of tests that test the combinations of variables for 2 (or more) parameters out of all possible combinations of variables. Today there are many tools to help us derive that subset of tests (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pairwise.org&quot;&gt;http://www.pairwise.org&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applying this technique assumes the set of tests that are currently applied are providing inadequate coverage, and that the complete set of combinations is impossible to test (mostly due to time/resource constraints).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pairwise/combinatorial testing is most valuable in complex systems, and these tests are generally very good candidates for data-driven automated tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the total number of combinations is huge (generally the Cartesian Product of all variables), then mapping current tests against the exhaustive list may be more trouble than its worth. Mapping it against a set of tests derived from a tool is likely more feasible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your testers already have a set of combinations based on intuition and historical failure indicators that is a good start. An analysis of other 'pairwise' combinations may provide some additional insight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also refer to these &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/?s=combinatorial%20testing&amp;amp;searchsubmit=Find&quot;&gt;posts&lt;/a&gt; on combinatorial testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-10-16T17:31:23.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6983" CreationDate="2013-10-16T19:29:39.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's all about the quality attributes.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I use automation to improve one or more &lt;strong&gt;quality attributes of a test:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Availability.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;An automated test can be run by more people in more places at more times.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Triggered automatically.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;An automated test can be triggered by the automated detection of some event or condition,&#xA;such as when someone checks in new code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response time.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;An automated test can run faster than a test executed by a person.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Precision.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;For some things,&#xA;an automated test can control certain variables&#xA;with greater precision and less variation&#xA;than a human can.&#xA;Precise timing issues, for example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cost of execution.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;An automated tests can consume fewer resources (money, people's time)&#xA;compared to a test executed by a human.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A HUGE CAVEAT.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;When I say &quot;An automated test can ...&quot;&#xA;I don't mean that you will necessarily get any of these benefits merely by automating.&#xA;I mean that for some tests,&#xA;it is possible (at some expense and with sufficient skill at automation)&#xA;to automate the test so as to achieve one or more of these benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations of automated tests.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Automation also has significant limitations compared to tests executed by people.&#xA;For one thing,&#xA;an automated test can be highly dependent on variables that do not affect the thing you're trying to test.&#xA;For another,&#xA;a person can observe things that an automated test can't,&#xA;and apply judgment about whether they are relevant,&#xA;or worth additional attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Criteria for automating.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;So I boil this down to two criteria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An automated test should satisfy:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;at least one good reason to be a test, &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;at least one good reason to be automated.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-10-16T19:29:39.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6992" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-17T04:42:52.417" Score="1" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;In black box automation testing of an accounting app which uses live feeds of foreign exchange rates for transactions, I would like to be able to record those exchange rates used to be able to assert calculations are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any best practices or techniques applicable to this scenario which can help with ensuring data integrity in testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4281" LastActivityDate="2013-11-07T05:00:44.050" Title="Testing Exchange Rates / FOREX in an accounting app" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7002" CreationDate="2013-10-17T06:12:57.530" Score="1" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;p&gt;i'm having hard time understanding the load test result in vsts to find when the application breaks under load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any indications to find it. I searched about this in google, asked in stack overflow but i dint get any clear answer about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5470" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T16:03:09.223" Title="How to identify when application breaks in load testing using vsts?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6992" CreationDate="2013-10-17T11:51:13.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would guess that the app uses log files ( if not ask for them) or records the exchange rate somewhere for auditing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T11:51:13.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6992" CreationDate="2013-10-17T13:20:45.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand correctly, the only thing that makes this scenario a challenge is the use of the &quot;live feed&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, stub out the live feed. Replace it with your own &quot;non-live feed&quot; and you end up with predictable states where your expected calculation results are truly predictable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your &quot;non-live feed&quot; can be generated by hand, or if you are automating your testing, it could be generated by the same script which verifies your calculations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T13:20:45.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="220" CreationDate="2013-10-17T15:28:15.580" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe this&amp;mdash;Dale Emery on motivation&amp;mdash;will be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cwd.dhemery.com/2005/05/motivation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cwd.dhemery.com/2005/05/motivation/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---Michael B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6217" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T15:28:15.580" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6985" CreationDate="2013-10-17T19:47:12.907" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might appreciate this podcast from Rex Black who talk about Pairwise Testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testingpodcast.com/the-myths-of-pairwise-testing-92713/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testingpodcast.com/the-myths-of-pairwise-testing-92713/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2013-10-17T19:47:12.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6998" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-18T06:19:55.583" Score="1" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to capture the 'capthca code' during registration a page using webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i tried to get the input and through to element (using find element on field). but, field is not recognized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4427" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T11:21:38.057" Title="Selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="6999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2013-10-18T08:09:26.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Run android .apk file using emulator follow the some basic step to click this link and follow the steps to configure the windows to run the .apk file through the android emulator&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dotnethubs.blogspot.in/2013/09/how-i-can-run-apk-file-on-emulator.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dotnethubs.blogspot.in/2013/09/how-i-can-run-apk-file-on-emulator.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6220" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2014-05-14T15:56:51.173" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T15:56:51.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6998" CreationDate="2013-10-18T11:21:38.057" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want pass &quot;classical capture&quot; like this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/recaptcha/learnmore&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com/recaptcha/learnmore&lt;/a&gt;, then my answer &quot;There is no way&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing: you should test build without capture verification (Devs can create special build)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For hacking by webdriver  (f.e. You want to create google accounts by webdriver automatically) you should to explore &quot;capture hacking&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2957" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T11:21:38.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6993" CreationDate="2013-10-18T16:03:09.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me start by saying that analyzing the results of performance tests is a complex exercise.  You need to have some understanding of how the system works, what parts of the system use up what resources (CPU, Memory, Disk I/O, Network Bandwidth, etc, etc).  You also need to understand the architecture of your app and monitor all of the applicable systems and processes.  It is often a good idea if you are not an expert, to enlist the help of an expert while analyzing the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many ways that a stress/load test can &quot;break&quot; your application.  The obvious way would be that whatever process is hosting the application will crash.  This is a little tricky to discover if it is an IIS application pool because IIS will automatically restart it for you.  Often if this happens you'll see a rise in memory and cpu usage on the system, then it will bottom out for a bit, then begin climbing back up.  This is usually an indication that something went horribly wrong.  The fact that IIS recovered is great, but it usually means at the very least that all of the current sessions were immediately expired and can have other unintended consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way could be that dependent services, processes or systems crash in a similar way and may or may not restart automatically.  You have to ensure you are monitoring each of these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way could be that even though the process has not crashed, something internally has met some limit or threshold, or there is a bug in concurrency or some other defect preventing the application from behaving in the desired way.  This will usually show up in results as errors being returned in the responses from your web server, 500 errors are the most likely so you will need to validate the results coming in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way would be that even though nothing crashes, the system slows to a crawl.  You will need to determine an appropriate threshold that various activities need to fall within.  If a response that takes &amp;lt;1 second under normal load shoots up to over a minute to respond while under heavy load, even though the system isn't &quot;broken&quot;, it is probably still not working well enough to consider functioning properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T16:03:09.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6940" CreationDate="2013-10-18T19:04:34.560" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is an information service. The goal is to inform some set of people about the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who are you trying to inform with your testing? What information do those people most need about the product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test the things that yield that information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2013-10-18T19:04:34.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7004" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-19T10:49:12.717" Score="6" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently undergoing black-box testing campaigns for applications that require file input in linux environments. For that I need sets of test files of different formats that can be used to be passed as input to the different applications I am interested in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To monitor the code coverage for a specific set of testing files, I am using lcov/gcov. The problem is that a set of files that has decent code coverage can become rather large, therefore taking a lot(and I mean a lot) of time to complete the tests using such a set. So I would like to be able to minimize such a set, while keeping the same code coverage (in other words eliminate the redundant test files that stress the same part of an application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://peachfuzzer.com/v2/Tools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;minset tool from the peach fuzzing framework&lt;/a&gt;, which would be exactly what I would need but unfortunately it can be only used on Windows and as far as i have tried cannot be ported on linux-like operating systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, do you guys know any tool that could do what I have described above. Or perhaps have an idea on how I could achieve that. Thanks a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6224" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:44:16.650" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:44:16.650" Title="Tool to minimize tests number and maximize code coverage" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7004" CreationDate="2013-10-20T08:12:35.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could implement your own version of minset that would be useful to anyone that uses gcov/lcov or, with a small modification, also to users of other code coverage measuring tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Export gcov/lcov report to some processable format, e.g. XML. The report should &#xA;describe coverage per method/class/package (granularity is up to you) for each test you executed and its execution time, e.g., as a quadruple: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;test&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;package&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;coverage&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;executiontime&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Describe it as an optimization problem and find corresponding algorithm that will work on your exported data. The optimization problem is that by selecting a subset of tests you want to   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maximize the test coverage per package (or method, class), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;while minimize/limit total test execution time to some value. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds a bit like a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knapsack_problem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;knapsack optimization problem&lt;/a&gt;, where you try to limit the total mass (here test execution time) of items put into a knapsack while maximizing their total value (here test coverage). The only additional requirement is you are trying to maximize local value (coverage per package). But I'm sure there are such variations of the knapsack problem and so proper algorithms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stackoverflow users may be of more help here or authors of minset method in the peach fuzzer tool you mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-10-20T08:47:01.583" LastActivityDate="2013-10-20T08:47:01.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6953" CreationDate="2013-10-21T00:42:20.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I concur with Lyndon - this may require additional tooling beyond Selenium.  If you are on a Windows OS, I have had good experiences with AutoIt for scripting system interactions like this.  You can find more details about this tool at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastActivityDate="2013-10-21T00:42:20.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7010" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7012" CreationDate="2013-10-21T12:35:10.767" Score="0" ViewCount="1402" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to create Selenium tests to my Java application, but each test spends about 5 seconds to execute. The most time consuming part of the test is to initialize the Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm initialize the web driver &lt;code&gt;@before&lt;/code&gt; each test and kill the driver &lt;code&gt;@after&lt;/code&gt; test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to start the webdriver and &quot;restart it&quot; every test?&#xA;Or should I start it and run all tests and then finishes him off?&#xA;How do I can reduce the time of tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium 2, maven and Junit 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am starting and finishing the tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Before&#xA;public  void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;drivers/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@After&#xA;public  void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5550" LastEditorUserId="5550" LastEditDate="2013-10-21T13:36:58.710" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T06:23:52.073" Title="As to improve the Selenium 2 test speed?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7011" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-21T13:44:36.613" Score="2" ViewCount="282" Body="&lt;p&gt;We currently use Visual Studio to drive load tests against our software, and I'm trying to determine where we can improve data collection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best reference I've been able to find is &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/ms318550%28v=vs.110%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Is this pretty comprehensive? We have a SQL backend that throws information to load balanced IIS servers and so I'm trying to see just how much drilling down I can do in Visual Studio before I go outside it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5338" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T09:39:31.203" Title="Load Testing in Visual Studio 2012" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7010" CreationDate="2013-10-21T14:56:17.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some people may prefer to use a new &lt;code&gt;Driver&lt;/code&gt; instance for every test in order to avoid one test's side-effects from impacting another test.  I have never run into that problem.  For efficiency reasons, I try to re-use a single &lt;code&gt;Driver&lt;/code&gt; for all tests in a suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-10-21T14:56:17.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7004" CreationDate="2013-10-21T20:00:01.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a tool that allows you to get code coverage data per test case and then compare against other tests or all tests:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semanticdesigns.com/Products/TestCoverage/JavaTestCoverage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.semanticdesigns.com/Products/TestCoverage/JavaTestCoverage.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-10-21T20:00:01.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7010" CreationDate="2013-10-22T06:23:52.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with User246 and here is an example of how to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected WebDriver getWebDriver() {&#xA;&#xA;  if (driver == null) {&#xA;   driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;  }&#xA;  return driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T06:23:52.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7011" CreationDate="2013-10-22T09:39:31.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you referring to getting a repository created for your load test executed?&#xA;If you are referring that then you can find the script at following location on you disk:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\IDE&lt;/strong&gt; by the name of &lt;strong&gt;loadtestrepository&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;run the script and you will get a separate DB created on the SQL Server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are referring something else then please explain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6159" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T09:39:31.203" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7039" CreationDate="2013-10-22T10:42:06.293" Score="0" ViewCount="258" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had come across an online Mobile App testing service that offered their services for $10/hour a few days back. I am now searching all over the internet and can't recollect what their name was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, they had a huge variety of hardware devices connected on their server. A user could sign up for their service and then install their app on as many devices as they want to test them out. Billing was flat $10/hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am about to go live with my first Android app and want to make sure that this app installs and functions a good amount of popular devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you anyone of you have used a similar service, please let me know. I am on a tight budget for this app, so not really looking for a $500+ per month kind of a service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6236" LastEditorUserId="6174" LastEditDate="2013-10-22T11:20:07.010" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T10:11:23.000" Title="Looking for an online mobile testing service" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-04-27T13:06:47.183" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7018" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8701" CreationDate="2013-10-22T12:25:57.993" Score="9" ViewCount="15401" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to selenium. I am facing an issue. The number of web elements in a page increases on a button click(triggered by ajax call). So while getting the size of the element after button click gives the same value.(But it was updated in site manually). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried waiting for ajax, and also implicit wait. On implicit wait it throws element not found exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I wait until the count of the web element gets changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-22T16:40:58.797" LastActivityDate="2021-02-14T06:16:21.297" Title="How to wait until the count of a web element changes in webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7018" CreationDate="2013-10-22T12:49:03.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will have to do a manual loop waiting on the count being equal to X. Have a timeout so that it doesn't wait indefinitely. So something like:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;start_time=now  &#xA;count=number of elements  &#xA;while count &amp;lt; X:  &#xA;  count=number of elements  &#xA;  if now - start_time &amp;gt; timeout  &#xA;    exit loop  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6066" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2018-11-12T18:44:30.707" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T18:44:30.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7021" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-22T13:37:05.590" Score="1" ViewCount="3241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project in which automation is done using Appium Tool. I felt it difficult to track the XPath of an Image or Textbox in Eclipse while scripting. Sometimes the XPath will be given as a Trial and Error method. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is there any way to track the XPath easily or wisely from Eclipse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5275" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T07:15:56.620" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T07:15:56.620" Title="How to locate the XPath of an element in eclipse accurately?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7026" CreationDate="2013-10-22T14:09:08.197" Score="0" ViewCount="568" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working from home has many advantages, no commute time, no relocation and a lot of other benefits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative I think I need a future job for me mainly to have the following characteristics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;working at home 90+% of the time &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;part-time (4 to 6 hours/day)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In exchange I would give the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;smaller income / hour;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;availability on saturday (up to 4 hours)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What strategy should I adopt for this goal on a 1 to 3 years timespan to achieve this goal? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But first I want to ask if there are people working from home in QA, or if there is a market for this kind of job. Is the above goal feasible and is anyone who has a first hand experience working as a QA from home ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2904" LastEditorUserId="2904" LastEditDate="2013-10-22T14:29:44.437" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T07:45:04.410" Title="How should I plan for a QA job where I work at home, part time?" Tags="&lt;work-place&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7025" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-22T16:02:14.587" Score="0" ViewCount="666" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have camel based system domain-agnostic data channel framework which facilitate the raw data flow from an external data source , validate the raw data, enrich and standardize the data to ensure that data can be consumed by our system, determine the changes to the data and persist the data. All of these asynchronously and exposed as rest webservices. We need to develop a test framework for this system. Please suggest tools and design for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6243" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T11:53:53.627" Title="Testing of distributed and asynchronous processing" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7022" CreationDate="2013-10-22T16:41:42.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What strategy should I adopt for this goal on a 1 to 3 years timespan&#xA;  to achieve this goal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you have several ways to achieve this goal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work as a contractor. I have hired contractors in the past that were permitted to work part-time. And on one occasion, with a contractor who was very experienced, very familiar and very trustworthy, she was permitted to work from home much of the time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seek out a company who is hiring part-time folks and has a culture allowing work from home. My current company has some work-from-home folks, and some part-time folks. I don't know if there are any who do both at the same time, but I suspect it must be happening (although not in my locale).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do piece work - either on your own, or in conjunction with something like uTest.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But first I want to ask if there are people working from home in QA,&#xA;  or if there is a market for this kind of job. Is the above goal&#xA;  feasible and is anyone who has a first hand experience working as a QA&#xA;  from home ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are people working from home in QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a market, although it is clearly more limited than the market for traditional workers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, the goal is feasible. You have to be very good at QA, very trustworthy, and may have to search a while to find the right circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T16:41:42.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7018" CreationDate="2013-10-22T16:52:11.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to gomesr's answer, you might find yourself needing to wait for other elements during your tests. One way to easily have reusable code for this is to use a closure (also known as an anonymous function or a lambda function) to create a spinner function that you can call whenever you're waiting for an element to load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The spinner function would look like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public function spin ($lambda, $wait = 60) {&#xA;    for ($i = 0; $i &amp;lt; $wait; $i++) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            if ($lambda($this)) {&#xA;                return true;&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (Exception $e) {&#xA;            // do nothing&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        sleep(1);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    $backtrace = debug_backtrace();&#xA;&#xA;    throw new Exception(&#xA;        &quot;Timeout thrown by &quot; . $backtrace[1]['class'] . &quot;::&quot; . $backtrace[1]['function'] . &quot;()\n&quot; .&#xA;        $backtrace[1]['file'] . &quot;, line &quot; . $backtrace[1]['line']&#xA;    );&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to call the function&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;spin(function($context) {&#xA;    return ($context-&amp;gt;getSession()-&amp;gt;getPage()-&amp;gt;findById('example')-&amp;gt;isVisible());&#xA; });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you call the spinner function you pass an anonymous function with the logic that you want to assert on, in this example it's waiting for an element with an id of 'example' to be visible. The spinner also includes a timeout that will throw an exception if the element is not found within the specified time (default 60 seconds). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above sample code is from &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.behat.org/cookbook/using_spin_functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.behat.org/cookbook/using_spin_functions.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also find more information on spin functions and another code example at &lt;a href=&quot;http://sauceio.com/index.php/2011/04/how-to-lose-races-and-win-at-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sauceio.com/index.php/2011/04/how-to-lose-races-and-win-at-selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-10-22T16:52:11.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7028" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-22T20:01:00.290" Score="1" ViewCount="5982" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium webdriver, Junit 4.9, maven for testing. Now I need to parallel tests. I added the plugin below, then tried to run it from IntelliJ IDEA 11, but it was still running sequentially. Is there anything wrong I did? Thank you very much for your time!    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.16&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;parallel&amp;gt;classes&amp;lt;/parallel&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;threadCount&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/threadCount&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6189" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T23:14:54.227" Title="How to execute parallel junit tests with maven surefire" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7029" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-22T22:11:29.630" Score="0" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have only talked to the recruiter so far and he seems legit, but recruiters always try to make a job sound fluffy. I literally only applied because im going to be on unemployment and I know I have to apply once a week at least. However, I am in the process of moving out and it would be nice to have a job but well..I dont NEED the money right now, I have a lot saved up. I was teaching myself java right now and was planning on applying for java interns or qa automation jobs. I feel I shouldnt throw myself into a job because I meet the requirements, but the one big thing I can see gaining from this job is the experience. If i am the only qa guy, ill learn so much, but I am also concerned on who will teach me if I am the only qa guy..Please offer any advice on the companies or situation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user3043" LastEditorDisplayName="user3043" LastEditDate="2013-12-03T05:51:21.173" LastActivityDate="2013-12-03T05:51:21.173" Title="question if this job should be a red flag or not" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-10-23T13:50:28.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7028" CreationDate="2013-10-23T07:34:27.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this &lt;a href=&quot;http://groboutils.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://groboutils.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The GroboUtils class MultiThreadedTestRunner was based on the article &quot;JUnit Best Practices&quot; by Andy Schneider (andrew.schneider@javaworld.com), published online at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-2000/jw-1221-junit_p.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-2000/jw-1221-junit_p.html&lt;/a&gt;. Since GroboUtils first started using that implementation, many changes have occured in the code to make a more robust and stable testing environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6243" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T07:34:27.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6967" CreationDate="2013-10-23T08:08:46.847" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;http://testinginterviewsquestions.blogspot.com/2012/10/unit-testing.html'&gt;Unit Software Testing = The unit testing features of Visual Studio 2012 were shown to be an effective way to improve software quality by introducing various tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6221" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T08:08:46.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7021" CreationDate="2013-10-23T11:33:17.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to use Firebug + Firepath plugins for Mozilla Firefox. It makes getting locators easier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T11:33:17.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7021" CreationDate="2013-10-23T11:41:18.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend firefinder with firebug. Because firepath in some cases follows universal selector, That is not time efficient. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T11:41:18.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7029" CreationDate="2013-10-23T12:00:27.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't want to be a qa lead really, I planned on moving into&#xA;  development within the next 5 years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want to be a QA Lead, then don't take a job which explicitly states that it will become a QA Lead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be a Developer, look for Developer jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might help: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2012/05/if-you-dont-really-want-career-in.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2012/05/if-you-dont-really-want-career-in.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-10-23T12:00:27.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7017" CreationDate="2013-10-24T06:18:15.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the service that I was looking for by searching my browser history - &lt;a href=&quot;http://appkitbox.com/en/testkit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://appkitbox.com/en/testkit&lt;/a&gt; The best part I like about them is for a relatively inexpensive $10/hour I can rent any device and test my app on it. (I am in no way related to this service that I am recommending). Hope this helps the community at large - those who are developing mobile apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6236" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T06:18:15.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7040" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7051" CreationDate="2013-10-24T14:25:16.127" Score="0" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently joined a new company and I am dragging them by the scruff of their neck into the 21st Century when it comes to development and testing processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have just introduced JIRA after battling with the damn awful TFS tracker they were using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My next step is automated building, via CruiseControl.net but that's a side story which only bare some help to what I need advice on here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, so to my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a solution to informing the test team which 'version/build' a bug/issue/task was fixed/completed on. Back in their old TFS days they had a free type textbox for this, and they would manually update a config setting with the latest 'version' number that they had put in the bug tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now be default JIRA's versioning is more advanced (and rightly so) and you need a new version entry creating to achieve this, which I am not prepared to let happen as it will only end in tears and a whole world of pain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without a build server and automated building of projects we have disjointed build numbers, as currently the projects are built on our local machines and deployed to staging (by the developers) which isn't an ideal situation, but that's what I have to work with for now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could add a free type text field to the issue objects in jira, which we could use to enter a build number or low end version number, which would work fine, except the build numbers would be disjointed between machines. So some arbitrary manual version numbers would have to suffice instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone got any better ideas on what could be done to fix this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6251" LastActivityDate="2013-10-26T02:53:33.353" Title="Issue tracking - project version tracking" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-24T15:08:00.327" Score="0" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;After running our normal automated tests against a test area, we releasing the change to production then run some additional tests against production to verify the roll-out ran correctly and to test some conditions that we can reasonably duplicate in testing. This testing is intended to catch errors after they are released, but before too many users see them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a standard term for this testing? I'm tempted to call it a smoke test, but that term is already used for testing packages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like this a duplicate of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1944/what-would-be-a-good-term-for-continuous-testing-post-deployment&quot;&gt;What would be a good term for continuous testing post-deployment?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1088" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2013-10-31T07:34:52.903" Title="Is there a standard term for tests run against production?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2013-11-19T20:23:07.303" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7041" CreationDate="2013-10-24T15:12:35.930" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about factory test: test to be run before going to factory, simulating the factory flow.&#xA;In my team there is a difference between factory testing and release testing. &#xA;Not all software releases end up in factory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5706" LastEditorUserId="5706" LastEditDate="2013-10-31T07:34:52.903" LastActivityDate="2013-10-31T07:34:52.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7041" CreationDate="2013-10-24T15:23:09.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if there's a &lt;em&gt;standard&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We call this &quot;Release Testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/qa-q-and-release-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/qa-q-and-release-tests.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T15:23:09.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7041" CreationDate="2013-10-24T15:51:21.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always called this &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Acceptance Testing&lt;/a&gt;, it doesn't matter who the Customer is running it (at least in my world, yours will differ) so long as it has a set of Agreed upon tests to run that can be said to &quot;Accept the release to production&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Standards in Software depends on what general set of standards you follow, but mostly it's a &quot;depends&quot; answer, where it depends on your corporate culture and specific industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2013-10-24T15:51:21.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7045" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-24T19:52:37.027" Score="1" ViewCount="357" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any open source tool to track application outages/downtime? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work in a testing project and sometimes due to some anomalies we can't do the normal system testing. I need a tool to track down the all sort outages / downtime. Can anyone help?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6256" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T19:22:56.733" Title="Outage Tracking Tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7046" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-24T20:45:05.187" Score="1" ViewCount="835" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium WebDriver with C# in VS 2010, I compiled a document using automation and then I want to save the file on my desktop. During automation a new window is popping up to &quot;save or open file&quot;. Is there any code available in C# Selenium to manipulate this dialog popup?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6257" LastEditorUserId="5691" LastEditDate="2013-10-29T11:21:13.863" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T11:21:13.863" Title="How to save compiled document on Desktop using C# Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7041" CreationDate="2013-10-25T06:29:37.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considering &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqb.org/downloads/finish/20/101.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB glossary&lt;/a&gt; I would name it 'Maintenance Testing'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2013-10-28T07:43:53.543" LastActivityDate="2013-10-28T07:43:53.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7048" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-25T07:07:18.160" Score="0" ViewCount="607" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a lot of functional tests in Python.&#xA;As expected , they use a wide variety of css/xpath selectors . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I read somewhere that a practice is to have a dictionary where each selector would be stored.&#xA;So, when a random selector in a random page changes for some reason, then theoretically it's selectors and/or attributes (id,name) would be changed only one time in this dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this possible? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if yes, what would be the structure of the dictionary/list/array?&#xA;I am currently familiarizing myself with the theory of lists and dictionaries to see how to implement it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that one solution would be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[button1, css_selector, xpath_selector, page_found, description]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6176" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:52:15.807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:52:15.807" Title="CSS/XPATH selector management using python's dictionary" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7049" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-10-25T12:03:47.350" Score="0" ViewCount="14157" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which Selenium Webdriver command is used for selecting items from combobox in Java?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean when we want to select one item from a Combobox but this element is not an instance of &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; class, e.g., element found by commands like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(elementId))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6261" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-10-29T09:04:48.930" LastActivityDate="2013-11-28T09:49:37.030" Title="Selecting items in a combobox using Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7048" CreationDate="2013-10-25T13:29:40.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is a general Python programming question rather than a test question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a general programming practice, it is a good idea to give a constant a name, especially if the constant is used more than once.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you manage those names depends on your goal.  You might do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;XPATH = &quot;xpath&quot;&#xA;CSS = &quot;css&quot;&#xA;SELECTOR_TYPE = &quot;selectorType&quot;&#xA;SELECTOR = &quot;selector&quot;&#xA;// etc.&#xA;&#xA;BUTTON1 = {SELECTOR_TYPE: XPATH, SELECTOR: &quot;//input[@id='loginSubmitButton']&quot;}&#xA;BUTTON2 = {SELECTOR_TYPE: XPATH, SELECTOR: &quot;//input[@id='loginCancelButton']&quot;}&#xA;USERNAME_FIELD = {SELECTOR_TYPE: CSS, SELECTOR: &quot;form input[name='username']&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I omitted &lt;code&gt;page_found&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;description&lt;/code&gt; because you didn't explain what those are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might even want to put all those definitions in a dictionary so that you can pass them around as a group, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;login_selectors = { 'button1': {SELECTOR_TYPE: XPATH, SELECTOR: &quot;//input[@id='loginSubmitButton']&quot;},&#xA;                    'button2': {SELECTOR_TYPE: XPATH, SELECTOR: &quot;//input[@id='loginCancelButton']&quot;}&#xA;                    'username_field': {SELECTOR_TYPE: CSS, SELECTOR: &quot;form input[name='username']&quot;}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-10-25T13:29:40.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7040" CreationDate="2013-10-26T02:53:33.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like a pretty awful situation. Below is my suggestions, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First is the suggestion you gave, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Secondly you could add a label field and that way at least your users get some autocomplete functionality that might alleviate some of the pain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thirdly you could add a multi-select, whereby you could always add version numbers and manage that yourself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5668" LastActivityDate="2013-10-26T02:53:33.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7049" CreationDate="2013-10-26T19:36:55.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to create a Select element instead of a simple WebElement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select selectObject = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(elementId)));&#xA;selectObject.selectByValue(&quot;Item1&quot;); // Assuming you have an element with value Item1 in your combo box&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5259" LastActivityDate="2013-10-26T19:36:55.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2013-10-27T12:20:24.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you can easily solve this issue by downloading emulators which is Given in this below given post, Have a look to the post and you will find it by your own!&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://temcam.com/2013/10/12/download-subway-surfers-for-pc-windows-78xp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://temcam.com/2013/10/12/download-subway-surfers-for-pc-windows-78xp/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6263" LastActivityDate="2013-10-27T12:20:24.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6992" CreationDate="2013-10-27T21:10:51.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would add to an answer from Joe that you may randomize data that you send to an app from the live feed stub. With this technique you may be able to find bugs that would not be found if you only used the same data all over again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2013-10-27T21:10:51.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7056" CreationDate="2013-10-28T09:00:18.803" Score="1" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing with PHPUnit and Selenium2. I am testing the admin panel. So, I need to add &lt;code&gt;Admin Login Test&lt;/code&gt; into all my admin panel tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to create a new &lt;code&gt;Admin Login Test&lt;/code&gt; with a new file and I want to call this function from all my tests. How I can create and call my &lt;code&gt;Admin Login Test&lt;/code&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6214" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-10-28T11:48:02.690" LastActivityDate="2013-10-28T11:48:02.690" Title="PHPUnit Selenium2 calling a function" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7055" CreationDate="2013-10-28T09:11:51.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create function AdminLogin&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create into each test class method SetUp (&lt;a href=&quot;http://phpunit.de/manual/3.7/en/fixtures.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;doc&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Call admin_login by SetUp&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected function setUp()&#xA;{&#xA;    AdminLogin();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This method calls before each test into test class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2957" LastActivityDate="2013-10-28T09:11:51.443" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7046" CreationDate="2013-10-28T09:15:53.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use profile setting for browsers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;,&quot;text/csv&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browser initialize &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;,&quot;text/csv&quot;);&#xA;IWebDriver webDriver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2957" LastEditorUserId="2957" LastEditDate="2013-10-29T06:18:39.220" LastActivityDate="2013-10-29T06:18:39.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5997" CreationDate="2013-10-28T10:48:15.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have prepared you a list of conferences in alphabetical order - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.readyfortest.com/Questions/7370/Conferences-for-QA-or-testers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;conferences&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5386" LastActivityDate="2013-10-28T10:48:15.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6970" CreationDate="2013-10-28T15:20:30.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have a specific solution as I haven't needed to conduct compatibility testing on Firefox 2 for quite some time. However, I have a couple of suggestions based on the information you give which may help yo solve the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to use separate profiles with each version of Firefox, and have the &quot;Profiles&quot; folder located in two separate places for each browser version.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another thing to try would be to change the default location of where the Selenium add-on installs to (eg. change where all add-ons install to. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, check when the add-on is uninstalled. Close the FF16 browser and check if the add-on is still there If so, open FF2 and see if the add-on is still installed. If so, close FF2 and check, then open FF16 and check. By finding when the add-on is removed, you may be able to find the setting that is causing the removal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2013-10-28T15:20:30.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5929" CreationDate="2013-10-28T15:26:03.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the information you give above it looks like Xebium may be your answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://xebia.github.io/Xebium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://xebia.github.io/Xebium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2189" LastActivityDate="2013-10-28T15:26:03.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6405" CreationDate="2013-10-30T14:03:11.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public function testItemClick() {&#xA;&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;url($this-&amp;gt;pageUrl);&#xA;    sleep(2);&#xA;    $element = $this-&amp;gt;byCssSelector('blabla');&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;moveto($element);&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;click(PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase_SessionCommand_Click::RIGHT);&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;assertStringStartsWith(...&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6274" LastActivityDate="2013-10-30T14:03:11.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2013-10-31T16:08:56.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider looking at &lt;a href=&quot;http://sebuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt; instead.   Selenium IDE is a deprecated project I think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2013-10-31T16:08:56.780" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-01T12:07:33.097" Score="2" ViewCount="4018" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is like &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2897/problem-catching-selenium-webdriver-nosuchelementexception&quot;&gt;Problem catching Selenium Webdriver NoSuchElementException&lt;/a&gt; but there is no answer to resolve an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Class &lt;code&gt;SmallLoginLocators&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class SmallLoginLocators {&#xA;    public final String PASSWORD1 = &quot;__nothing&quot;;&#xA;    public final String PASSWORD2 = &quot;password&quot;;&#xA;    @FindBy (name = PASSWORD1)&#xA;    public WebElement passwordField1;&#xA;    @FindBy (name = PASSWORD2)&#xA;    public WebElement passwordField2;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;code&gt;password&lt;/code&gt; text field with different locators on two pages. Test can start from any of these pages. So I try to access that &lt;code&gt;webelement&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement getPasswordField() {&#xA;    SmallLoginLocators slogin = PageFactory.initElements(wd, SmallLoginLocators.class);&#xA;    WebElement password;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        password = slogin.passwordField1;&#xA;    } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;        password = slogin.passwordField2;&#xA;    }&#xA;    return password;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;getPasswordField()&lt;/code&gt; returnes &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; on line &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;password = slogin.passwordField1;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT!!! that is not handled by &lt;code&gt;catch (NoSuchElementException e)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q1: Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q2: How to resolve?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; I get is from org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException and imports are valid.&#xA;I suspectthat the issue is in &lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements&lt;/code&gt; source, but my junior knowledge of java has not given me any chance to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6279" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T12:32:13.083" Title="Can not catch NoSuchElementException with PageFactory (Selenium WebDriver)" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-01T18:16:52.797" Score="1" ViewCount="652" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium, C# at this point I am able to compile word document and then need to save as a pdf on desktop and then validate the links in the downloaded document with original parsed document, so what are different approaches to reach at this goal. Specific answers are most welcome.&#xA;Using IE browser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6257" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T21:47:48.363" Title="Need to validate compiled document using C# selenium in VS 2010" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7065" CreationDate="2013-11-01T19:41:51.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer is not directly to your question. It is advice.&#xA;You should not use try catch for logic realization. Program languages (Java, c#, python etc) have if ... else statements. And you can use them for your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;not debugged code, simply for example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(slogin.passwordField1.Existed)&#xA;{ &#xA;  return slogin.passwordField1;&#xA;} &#xA;else &#xA;{&#xA;  return slogin.passwordField2;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find how realize existed property in Internet (it is easy) and you will levelup you developer skills &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2957" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-14T08:23:59.833" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T08:23:59.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2013-11-03T11:02:28.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an agile environment you can (should) replace these traditional tools by their agile equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of having a matrix in some documented format (eg.: Excel sheet with the requirement and there place of implementation) you can use your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each requirements you are going to have some tests implemented (assuming TDD). These tests then can be mapped straight to the code (what code part do they cover?). This then can be used as an agile bidirectional traceability tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could work very well, though I have never seen this thing in practice. It is quite uncommon to have even the traditional matrix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5659" LastActivityDate="2013-11-03T11:02:28.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7069" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-04T09:44:11.403" Score="6" ViewCount="2151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been thinking more and more as to whether it’s a good idea to have one of the Lead QA testers as the project's Scrum Master? Here’s my thinking, which may not be the same in every company/workplace but I am sure out there somewhere in the ether there is a similar example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, our SM is a current dev team, who has his time split 70-DEV/30-SM. However, in practice, this is not the case. They seem to hide under the SM role and the DEV side suffers. I have seen this on multiple teams within our organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a thought, that as the Lead QA, they are already in a position to know what the project should be produced for the given sprint, and its acceptance criteria have clearly been defined between the Product Owner and the QA team, so test cases can be created and ready for the end of each sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel as if we are losing a developer, while also duplicating the work/interaction with the product owners.&#xA;Thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6287" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:43:17.433" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:43:56.060" Title="QA as Scrum Master" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;&lt;qa-architect&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7069" CreationDate="2013-11-04T12:36:11.577" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It reads to me as though your organization is using the SM role in a somewhat different way than classic Scrum, so my suggestions could be way off-target here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Classically, the SM role is to &lt;em&gt;facilitate&lt;/em&gt; progress by finding ways to clear or work around any impediments that arise during a sprint, to lead meetings, to ensure that meetings stay on-topic and stay within the time frame, to assist with coordinating resources, and so forth. Ideally, the SM role should &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; be held by someone who has another role in that project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I've interpreted your question correctly, your SM is also a dev on the project team: this is, as you've experienced, not ideal. If this is the case, I'd suggest your first priority would be to try to arrange future projects so that each team member has exactly one role - that is, your SM is not a developer (or QA) on that team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, I think you should try to have someone take Scrum Master training and become a dedicated SM for as many project teams as possible - it's very much an administrative/resource-juggling role compared to the Dev/QA roles which can and should be blurring in the teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:43:30.093" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:43:30.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7069" CreationDate="2013-11-04T13:12:43.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kate notes the classical example in her answer, it maybe you are not in that sort of environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been in companies where the desire to use an Agile/Scrum process often outstrips the personnel abilities of the company.  Either you cannot hire an additional person to be the full-time SM or you can't get dedicated training.  So you do need to have someone who is utilizing multiple roles, I've actually been in one company where the SM was a part-time position but not for someone who was central to the project, although at times it was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Kate notes the SM is basically there to assure the project is on target and on schedule, to remove impediments and assure there are resources to meet the needs.  All in all, it should not take a full-time position, depending on the scope of the project (I've done smaller iterations that didn't need a full-time SM so your experience may differ).  If you have people splitting time that should be ok, although having someone who is missing schedules due to SM work means either they need some training, or may not be the right fit for the position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be brought up in the retrospective, but initially, in the planning you should also be able to see if the SM is the right person, do they have the capability during the iteration to do the SM work?  Do they know WHAT to do?  Dev or QA should not really matter, typically its the person and whether or not they know HOW to remove the impediments.  I've seen Dev's be able to do this successfully without impacting projects, and I've seen external SM's have issues with this as well. The role shouldn't really matter, so long as the person who is the SM knows What to do When to do it and How.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:43:56.060" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:43:56.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7072" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7074" CreationDate="2013-11-04T14:22:36.013" Score="3" ViewCount="502" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of software products have really fast production cycles and frequent releases, this need has created the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DevOps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DevOps&lt;/a&gt; position. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking that the tasks of a DevOps position have much in common with tasks already done in QA (continuous integration, continuous deployment, continuous delivery, validation, sanity checks, release, etc). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it not appropriate for a DevOps to be in a QA team? What is the general practice do DevOps have their own department, where do they integrate in real-life situations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2904" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T11:45:16.003" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T11:45:16.003" Title="Do DevOps pertain to QA departments?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7075" CreationDate="2013-11-04T15:08:34.087" Score="2" ViewCount="10710" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Background&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to probe our own map tile server and for this I'd like to have a loop from which I could request individual tiles, each time a different one. Our tile server is based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://switch2osm.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;switch2osm&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;em&gt;from outside&lt;/em&gt; could be proben with the HTTP requests having the pattern like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://our-tileserver.com/zoom/x/y.png&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;code&gt;zoom&lt;/code&gt; is the zoom level, &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; is the horizontal tile index and &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; a vertical tile index. For testing this we've chosen Apache JMeter, however we cannot figure out, how to create a loop with the fixed range of iterations and use the iterator value in the HTTP request pattern. Is it possible to make a test plan like is shown in the following pseudo-plan ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Plan&#xA;└ Thread Group&#xA;  └ X Loop from 1 to 100&#xA;    └ Y Loop from 1 to 100&#xA;      └ HTTP Request&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if so, is it possible to use the loop iterator values in the HTTP Request sampler Path parameter, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/16/outer-loop-iterator-value/inner-loop-iterator-value.png&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question(s)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to create a loop in JMeter's test plan and use its iterator value in the HTTP Request sampler Path parameter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's possible, could someone sketch how such plan should look like and how to write the Path parameter of the HTTP Request sampler to use the iterator value ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6289" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2013-11-27T17:03:44.370" LastActivityDate="2013-11-27T17:03:44.370" Title="How to build a test for iterative HTTP requests using JMeter?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7072" CreationDate="2013-11-04T15:08:39.867" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agreed there are overlaps between QA and DevOps.  Whether a DevOps person belongs in a QA team depends on the specifics of your organization.  I think the more important issue is whether DevOps addresses your QA needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About an hour ago, I talked with a developer whose team includes a DevOps person.  The dev team treats DevOps as their own problem, not a problem to be thrown over the wall.  For example, all their deployment processes, including deployment to QA, are automated.  The QA staff benefit from that work even though the DevOps person does not belong to the QA organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-11-04T16:31:22.500" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T16:31:22.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7073" CreationDate="2013-11-04T15:51:15.690" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter is an excellent choice for your requirements. JMeter has a loop controller: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Loop_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Loop_Controller&lt;/a&gt;, you may want to add a counter or simply use a user defined variable. Both options will work. The easiest is using counters&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- Thread Group&#xA;-- Loop A&#xA;--- Counter 1 (Var name: C1)&#xA;--- Loop B&#xA;---- Counter 2 (Var name: C2)&#xA;---- HTTP Sampler using ${C1} and ${C2}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can use variables in the path. Let's assume you set a variable named: var1. You can then use ${var1} almost anywhere.You can see a more detailed example here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65146-using-user-defined-variables-in-jmeter-2-6&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65146-using-user-defined-variables-in-jmeter-2-6&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6122" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T15:51:15.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7076" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-04T16:54:04.867" Score="1" ViewCount="1022" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having a problem with integration my NUnit test integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have installed the test adapter for NUnit and also made sure that the extension is enabled, but no test are shown in the test explorer still. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already tried to add everything named NUnit from the package manager to my projects, but still no results in the test explorer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My tests work fine with the outern NUnit program, but just won't integrate to Visual Studio 2012. Any ideas how to solve this? Maybe there is a more detailed documentation how to set up this than the one on the NUnit adapter's site?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5659" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T15:06:43.530" Title="Visual Studio 2012 + NUnit unit test integration" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7077" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7078" CreationDate="2013-11-04T17:17:57.997" Score="1" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;We would like to start using scrum in our distributed development team. Until know we used a &quot;home-grown&quot; methodology, but we would like to switch to something more defined and mature. Scrum would be a great choice in my opinion and also the management supports us to go agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where should we start this transition? Is there some guide or best practices for this transition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5659" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:44:02.743" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:44:02.743" Title="Introducing Scrum in a distributed team" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7077" CreationDate="2013-11-04T17:44:01.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest looking into receiving formal training from the Scrum Alliance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumalliance.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.scrumalliance.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's an organization that offers training and certification for the different roles in Scrum such as Scrum Master and Product Owner. I think that since your team is looking into starting with with Scrum from a home-grown methodology, investing in training from an established organization can help you get a great start, and their coaches might also be able to provide specific tips for your situation, such as your distributed team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T17:44:01.650" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7045" CreationDate="2013-11-04T19:22:56.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend you check out Nagios. It is very flexible and has tons of plugins to help you monitor a wide variety of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nagios.org/download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.nagios.org/download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="280" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T19:22:56.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7066" CreationDate="2013-11-04T19:43:21.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I approached a similar situation in validating a PDF creation service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Convert the doc -&gt; PDF using an automated method you control. This will be your oracle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use your conversion process under test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do a file comparison between the two PDFs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That method seems to me the easiest to implement, but it may not meet your test needs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach could be to parse both the doc and the pdf, then use regex to grab the URLs and do a comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For parsing a Word doc, check out this stack overflow post: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17676712/how-to-parse-text-from-ms-word-document-to-string&quot;&gt;How to parse text from MS Word document to string&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing\parsing PDFs check out: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jpdfunit.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jpdfunit&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/14170/Extract-Text-from-PDF-in-C-100-NET&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PDFParser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="280" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T19:43:21.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5997" CreationDate="2013-11-04T19:51:08.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org/conference/about-cast/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CAST - Conference of the Association for Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What makes CAST unique?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;For testers, by testers &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;We strive to advance and improve the science of software testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;We share, discuss, and question &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Meet industry leaders (authors, bloggers, and personalities) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Network with peers, and experts &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Reasonably priced, high ROI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who should attend CAST?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Software Testers, Practitioners, and Managers &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Scholars and Researchers &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Students &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Developers &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The core mission of The Association for Software Testing (AST) and&#xA;  CAST is to help build an active community of software testing&#xA;  scholars, practitioners, and learners who can in turn positively&#xA;  influence and advance the practice of software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="280" LastActivityDate="2013-11-04T19:51:08.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7076" CreationDate="2013-11-05T00:25:31.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you using Visual Studio Express?&#xA;If so, perhaps the workaround described in this SO thread will work for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13348613/nunit-runners-via-nuget-on-visual-studio-2012-express-doesnt-work&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13348613/nunit-runners-via-nuget-on-visual-studio-2012-express-doesnt-work&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&#xA;The selected answer, which reveals the limitation of Visual Studio Express + Nunit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;As I've found out Visual Studio Express does not support project extensions (forbidden and disabled by Microsoft)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A subsequent answer to the same question describes how to implement (instructions and code) a workaround via adding and configuring the nunit-console-runner in your test assembly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T17:51:09.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7084" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-05T15:35:28.287" Score="2" ViewCount="732" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're planning to automate test synchronization between HP ALM QC and our TestNG test cases. We want to keep them synced in the following scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Test adding&lt;/em&gt;: When creating TestNG test, a test should be created in HP QC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Test execution&lt;/em&gt;: When executing TestNG test, a test instance with status should be created in HP QC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Refactoring&lt;/em&gt;: Name and directory of TestNG test should correspond to name and directory of the test in HP QC. So when refactoring a Java class test (i.e., renaming a class or moving between packages), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we were thinking about different approaches, each having some tradeoff&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach #1&lt;/strong&gt;: Each time a dev creates a new test, calls maven plugin to add a test to HP QC and then add &lt;code&gt;@QCTestId&lt;/code&gt; annotation with testId to the test class source code. Then it commits the class. Each time a dev updates a test name/package, it runs the plugin again to update test name/package in ALM. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach #2&lt;/strong&gt;: Similar as 1st approach, but the plugin does not update the test class source code, but adds this information to some external file/DB. When a test name/package is changed, the test with the old name is removed by the plugin from HP QC and added with a new name to HP QC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approach #1 looks a bit smelly to me because maven plugin is manipulating existing source code. While approach #2 has a limitation that by deleting the old test, we’re loosing also the history of test execution from HP QC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:17:43.253" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:17:43.253" Title="How to keep test cases synced with HP ALM after refactoring?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7085" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-05T16:09:02.403" Score="1" ViewCount="10200" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following code piece in java using selenium inorder to access UI element on iOS and populate a textfield.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//window[1]/textfield[1]&quot;));&#xA;username.click();&#xA;username.clear();&#xA;username.sendKeys(&quot;User&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; method accesses the keyboard of the phone and i want to be able to do the same without accessing the keyboard of the phone.Is there some way to do this by kind of setting the value in code without using keyboard of the phone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6297" LastEditorUserId="5691" LastEditDate="2013-11-05T18:31:28.793" LastActivityDate="2013-11-05T18:31:28.793" Title="Regarding Setting text of a WebElement without using SendKeys method" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7085" CreationDate="2013-11-05T16:57:40.130" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way I can think of a avoiding using &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; is to execute a Javascript function that will set the value of the web element. The below example assumes JQuery is available on the page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.executeScript(&quot;$('window&amp;gt;textfield').val('User');&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-11-05T16:57:40.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7087" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-06T00:11:53.787" Score="2" ViewCount="3947" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm sure that this happens frequently. My testing suite is a separate repository from the company's main app. I wanted to know If there's a way to run the suite when a change is pushed to repository other than that of the testing suite itself on Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6301" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T12:49:21.747" Title="jenkins build when a change is pushed to another repository" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7065" CreationDate="2013-11-06T11:10:14.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you have different elements locators and you want to acces to them in single way, you can use @FindAll anotations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindAll(value = { &#xA;        @FindBy(css = &quot; ... &quot;), &#xA;        @FindBy(css = &quot; ... &quot;) &#xA;        })&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elementsList;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(first element from the list will be used)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2387" LastActivityDate="2013-11-06T11:10:14.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-06T11:12:51.840" Score="1" ViewCount="496" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code analyzers like Sonar provide a metric called &quot;Code duplication&quot;. This metric is useful, since it shows when code needs to be factorized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing that, what are the best pratices regarding this metric? For instance, in my projects, I ensure this metric doesn't go above 0.5% and if it does, refactors are made. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this how it is managed in the real world? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there some resources (books, websites) considered as a reference on this subject?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6306" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-11-06T12:18:18.143" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T15:52:19.407" Title="Best practices for managing code duplication?" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7118" CreationDate="2013-11-06T11:59:06.313" Score="1" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently setting up a couple of systems to test the company software, and I require the ability to &quot;flash&quot; the hard drives of the machines at any point in time, and restore them to their fresh state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifics: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cannot utilise virtualisation software due to USB driver incompatibilities over which I have no control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DVD and/or CD media is outdated, I don't wish to use neither technology, and USB drives are too unstable to be a viable option for this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Networked hosts are viable, but data transfer speeds are negotiable and could be a major negative factor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some sort of dual hard drive &quot;backup &amp;amp; restore&quot; system would be ideal. Money is not really a blocker on this, we can buy in hard drives as we need to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have an idea of what might be a good tool for this job in particular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6296" LastEditorUserId="6296" LastEditDate="2013-11-06T18:13:06.027" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T19:11:44.777" Title="Operating system restoration" Tags="&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7087" CreationDate="2013-11-06T12:28:59.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to configure a job to watch the app repository and trigger a run when the app repository changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be easier to configure if the company's application is managed through the same Jenkins server as your testing suite (depending on your source control system one Jenkins server can handle multiple source control repositories), but even if you have multiple Jenkins servers you can create a job to kick off your script run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-11-06T12:28:59.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7089" CreationDate="2013-11-06T12:40:38.320" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In all honesty, my experience is that there are no best practices anywhere, even in something like code duplication. There are only principles that work to guide practice, and practices that are good in some circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't mention whether you're working with automation code or application code: depending on the automation method and tooling, it's quite possible for automated testing projects to have a lot more duplication than application code projects due to the nature of the tasks performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even in application code, circumstances arise where it's better to have duplicate or near-duplicate code than to refactor and isolate the duplication. Classic ASP websites come to mind (if only because I'm up to my eyeballs testing one where there is a LOT of dup or near dup code - and it's there for valid reasons), but I'm sure there are other examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, it's very common &quot;in the wild&quot; for duplicate code to be used for a hotfix with the intention of refactoring later - but there is never time to refactor. This is obviously a long way from ideal, but I find there are usually two guiding principles in conflict in this situation: DRY (Don't repeat yourself) is conflicting with &quot;If it ain't broke, don't fix it&quot; - and the latter often wins because in many larger, older applications it's simply not possible to unit test to a level that allows for confident refactoring (also, in my experience, users will treat some of the application's bugs as features and actively use them - which can cause much suffering when those bugs are fixed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-11-06T12:40:38.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7090" CreationDate="2013-11-06T12:48:56.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does anyone have an idea of what might be a good tool for this job in&#xA;  particular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used lots of different methods in the past.  But these days, I rely pretty much exclusively on Virtual Machines for this job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easy to set up a baseline. It's easy to restore it when needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-11-06T12:48:56.553" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7109" CreationDate="2013-11-06T16:01:54.103" Score="1" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have different versions of different programs, that require different sets of files/resources. Knowing a list, I would like to check after the installation of a software, that all the corresponding files are present in some folders.&#xA;This list would be an XML file, or a .properties or whatever. Checking the file integrity, with a checksum for example, would also be awesome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an existing tool for that ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4353" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T06:08:27.857" Title="Tools to check file presence and integrity after installation" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7095" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-06T16:56:31.587" Score="4" ViewCount="5354" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been writing a lot of UI tests lately using Selenium and I want to do more integration testing from the backend as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a good approach to start with this, where can I find some more resources in this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My team does a successful job in writing very good unit tests, but I want to learn and test the whole software from the backend as well. We have xml going out to various other partners as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-28T15:14:41.410" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T15:14:41.410" Title="Automated White box/backend testing for a Test Engineer?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7094" CreationDate="2013-11-06T17:48:04.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most test automation tools can check for the presence of a file within a designated folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask. It can accomplish that task easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-11-06T17:48:04.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7097" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7098" CreationDate="2013-11-06T20:33:48.107" Score="1" ViewCount="332" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been asked to create a report about the technical debt of an application, but I haven't receive further guidelines about its elaboration. I'll be assisted by Sonar code analysis tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main doubt is: What fields would be useful to include in the report? I mean, what metrics, parameters, findings, suggestions, etc. would be the most important in such a report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5139" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T08:03:07.260" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T08:03:07.260" Title="Technical debt report" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7097" CreationDate="2013-11-06T21:44:15.997" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;When someone asks me to do something and I have questions about what they want, I go back and ask them.  That's the most direct way to get an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a manager, I would want these fields:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;description, i.e. what's the issue and why it's a problem&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;amount of risk if not fixed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pervasiveness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;level of effort to fix, including testing effort&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;associated bug numbers, if any&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note also that technical debt, as I've heard the term used, is a broader area that the set of problems a code analyzer will identify for you.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-11-06T21:44:15.997" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7099" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-06T22:47:17.330" Score="1" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a project (in JIRA) with Stories containing acceptance criteria for it to be closed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within these Stories, there are JIRA issues (development tasks), with their own UATs which help the devs/qas to progress that ticket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I best avoid duplication of Acceptance Test criteria between the Story and the Issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My concerns are duplicated effort but mostly the ease of which these could get out of sync if manually input in both places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4281" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:43:37.773" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T01:43:37.773" Title="ATs at Epic or Issue/Task level in JIRA" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7095" CreationDate="2013-11-07T04:43:20.160" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working under the assumption that you would be familiar with the language the tools are being written in.&#xA;If the team you are on already is writing unit tests a good place to start might be with them.  Talk to the developers that are writing the unit tests and get an idea for how the underlying code is working.  In the process of doing this start talking to them about the different layers of the system that you are working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there a database?  The perhaps you can look at writing some tests that execute the database code directly.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What does the middle tier look like.  Does the UI or Applciation layer call any services?  If so you could write tests via code that mimic those calls directly to the services.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the XML - There are lots of ways you could do validation on the xml file by doing a static compare or building an oracle that could tell you what structures and attributes to include in the file&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;is there an API?  How would you go about exercising it.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a lot of things that you can do to test the different layers of the application.  Not all of them have to be automated but many of them can and will lend themselves to it.  The biggest thing is to get up and go talk with people and be curious about the systems you are working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2013-11-07T04:43:20.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6992" CreationDate="2013-11-07T05:00:44.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would hope since this is a financial application there is some sort of auditing you could utilize.  If not I would ask to see if it could be injected into the app if you can't control the feed in some manner.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to determine what the selected or triggered price was.  You can use the total transaction value against the quantity to see if it the price used to execute matches.  It also might be worth doing some digging to be sure they are using the right ticker and quote for a given transaction.  IE converting from a dollar to euro is a different price than a euro to a dollar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2013-11-07T05:00:44.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7099" CreationDate="2013-11-07T10:13:42.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered using post actions to either pull the UATs from the tasks or push the UATs to the task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is relatively easy to accomplish if you have some experience of configuring your own workflows. It allows you to generate the tasks required based on the Acceptance Criteria (i.e. each would create a new task) and copy the details of that into the task. I'd focus my investigations around that, as it can be a very powerful tool in your testing arsenal..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid I don't have an instance of Jira available to me at the moment or I'd dummy up a workflow for you that could potentially handle this (and any duplication).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I reckon you would need the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Custom fields for UAT and Acceptance Criteria&#xA;2) A workflow step like 'Approve' that generates the tasks and does all the post-function work&#xA;3) A filter or two to manage the output and track any unwanted duplication (based on your custom field content matching another custom fields content).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry I can't help you more directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2013-11-07T10:13:42.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7097" CreationDate="2013-11-07T12:40:14.403" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to user246's suggestions, I'd also recommend looking at these areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;presence/absence of unit tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;effectiveness of unit tests (that is, do the unit tests cover more than the code paths - they should be covering all the potential logical boundaries as well)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;presence/absence of higher-level automated tests (including system, API, GUI, integration...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;effectiveness and coverage of higher-level automated tests - as with unit tests this is more than simply how much of the code base the higher-level automated tests cover&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;areas of the application where customer-reported bugs cluster - this won't be found by a code analyzer, but it's usually a good pointer to areas of the application that have a high level of technical debt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also second user246 about the importance of talking to your manager/lead to find out more about what they want to see in the report. You've got a very broad task here: your manager could want a detailed analysis, or they could be looking for a thumbnail guide to where they need to focus improvement efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, I strongly suggest talking to the developers and testers - anyone who has worked with the application for any length of time will have a good idea where the problem areas are. In my experience, the problem areas in an application are the areas with the greatest technical debt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-11-07T12:40:14.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7090" CreationDate="2013-11-07T13:52:21.333" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest a standalone hard drive duplicator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/liXiL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;hard drive duplicator&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very easy to use - attach the two hard drives, press a button to clone from one drive to the other. Also has the advantage of not tying up a computer during the duplication process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="399" LastActivityDate="2013-11-07T13:52:21.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6940" CreationDate="2013-11-07T14:43:05.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I would suggest to go with Exploratory testing. In case if you are pretty much aware of requirements then please go with Functional testing as it is considered as Black Box technique.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6314" LastActivityDate="2013-11-07T14:43:05.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7107" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-07T15:14:08.287" Score="1" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, I used &lt;code&gt;feed4testng&lt;/code&gt; in order to run multiple instances of test using a data provider with &lt;code&gt;feed4testng&lt;/code&gt; tool. But this tool only iterates through external resources. Is there any other tool for reading external resources like &lt;code&gt;easytest&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6315" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:35:51.463" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T02:35:51.463" Title="Feed TestNG tests" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7094" CreationDate="2013-11-08T06:08:27.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple C# app would help to solve most of the things you have mentioned&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read from input XML, file name and the expected path and report results for file existence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same Approach - Read folders / programs that need to be checked for their existence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other custom needs that you have mentioned - file integrity, with a checksum can also be achieved &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would prefer writing these utilities as it is a great way to learn coding / as well customized for your need&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T06:08:27.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1884" CreationDate="2013-11-08T06:39:28.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For web based applications&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; should also be considered as testing tool for SAP application as most of the SAP applications are web based. This is one of the best open source web testing framework available and online support from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; users is awesome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6321" LastEditorUserId="6321" LastEditDate="2014-02-26T08:46:42.147" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T08:46:42.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7111" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-08T06:44:58.123" Score="0" ViewCount="1990" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bBNJ6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to get an element's id attribute that is inside of an iframe through Java. How do I access an element inside of an iframe in Java?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6258" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-08T08:54:36.273" LastActivityDate="2020-09-14T14:55:39.460" Title="How to access element inside iframe in Java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7111" CreationDate="2013-11-08T07:34:05.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience the simplest way to manipulate elements inside of an iframe with web automation is to treat the iframe src URL as a separate page and call the driver to visit that URL instead of the parent page. From the example in the screenshot, I would have an automated step that would visit the URL in the &lt;code&gt;src&lt;/code&gt; attribute of &lt;code&gt;iframe#ComposeRteEditor_surface...&lt;/code&gt; (the actual &lt;code&gt;src&lt;/code&gt; attribute wasn't visible in the screenshot), then I would call the appropriate step or &lt;code&gt;findElement()&lt;/code&gt; function as normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-08T08:55:51.310" LastActivityDate="2013-12-08T08:55:51.310" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7116" CreationDate="2013-11-08T08:05:56.823" Score="0" ViewCount="244" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting an app exiting issue once in ten times.Could any one tell me how to report this issue to developer .Since i am not sure of exact step in which app is getting exited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T06:31:29.007" Title="How to report an issue to Developer about a bug that occurs seldom" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7087" CreationDate="2013-11-08T10:19:36.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Kate mentioned, it's lot easier to configure the job on your company's Jenkins... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if it isn't an option then you can try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Poll the subversion/perforce/git - monitor a repository. So as soon as the changes are committed to the repository, your build can kick off. Additionally there is &quot;Quiet period&quot; in &quot;Advanced project Options&quot;, which will wait additional time before it starts building. This is useful if you want to wait for some time or more commits are expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other hack though but not Jenkins way:&#xA;You can script something to monitor the changes. Suppose any file which will represent the build information/timestamp or any changes that you are sure it will get updated whenever company's build succeeds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can configure such job in your Jenkins and run it through a cron using &quot;Build Periodically&quot;. Whenever script find changes it should succeed or else fail, if succeed you can trigger your test suite if fails nothing will happen. This can be configured from  &quot;Add post build action&quot; &gt; &quot;Build other Projects&quot;. You have to save it to see the options &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Trigger only if build succeeds&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Trigger even if the build is unstable&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Trigger even if the build fails&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6322" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-11-08T12:49:21.747" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T12:49:21.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7113" CreationDate="2013-11-08T12:36:13.953" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;With intermittent issues like this, I've found it helps to create the bug report as usual, but make sure that you say clearly that it's intermittent, and that you will update the bug report with more information as you have it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have detailed logs, the next step is to turn on as much logging as you can and work the application until the crash happens, then attach the log to the bug report. It can also help to attach your config file if you have one - sometimes these things are dependent on the application settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often this will be enough - but regardless at this point you have raised the problem. If you later find a way to force the crash every time, you will update the bug report with that information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things that can affect intermittent issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be data-related. In complex software, it's not uncommon for tester data to cover more complicated scenarios than developer data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be specific to environment. The web application I test can crash the browser in some Windows XP systems with Internet Explorer 8 - but not all of them. The problem is a bug in IE8, but that doesn't make our customers any happier!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be affected by system resources. I've seen large applications crash when a lot of other activity is occurring on a tester's system (which in my experience is normal).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be caused by a memory leak. In this case there won't be a specific action that causes it, but if you run the application and track its memory usage you will see the memory consumed constantly increase until the application runs out of available memory and crashes in some form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be the result of a prior error that isn't correctly handled. In this case, the actual error could be somewhere that gives no notification, but leaves the application in an unstable state which ultimately causes the crash.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T12:36:13.953" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7117" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7132" CreationDate="2013-11-08T14:59:10.107" Score="3" ViewCount="12306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working with HP Unified Functional Testing 11.52.&#xA;In my example below, I'd like to use the test's input action parameters &quot;C1&quot; and &quot;C2&quot; in Action1.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code in action 1, it is just 1 line. I would like &quot;C1&quot; and &quot;C2&quot; to lead to controlling how I run the &quot;Find&quot; action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;RunAction &quot;Find [SPFQuickFind]&quot;, oneIteration, Parameter.Item(&quot;C5&quot;),Parameter.Item(&quot;C6&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate any help in figuring out how I can get the C1 and C2 parameter to be used to parameterize my action. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RRykG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;My test&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6324" LastActivityDate="2013-11-11T13:33:00.513" Title="(QTP/UFT) How do I use a test's input action parameters to parameterize a test?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7090" CreationDate="2013-11-08T17:33:50.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before VM's gained popularity, I used tools similar to those listed here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreecountry.com/utilities/backupandimage.shtml#imaging&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.thefreecountry.com/utilities/backupandimage.shtml#imaging&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't envy your position - one of the things I struggled with constantly was maintaining the images and making sure they were up to date with windows updates and complying with corporate security, which means every so often you'll need to install updates and create new images.  The same is still true with VM's as well unless you use a service that maintains them for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T17:33:50.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7095" CreationDate="2013-11-08T17:50:33.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with everything in Dan's answer.  There are a few options on how to automate testing of the web service layer.  You can use gui tools such as SOAPUI or JMeter, or you can use libraries such as Rest Sharp or a java alternative.  I often prefer to start with an API or library for my automation, but recently I've been having success with JMeter and SoapUI as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With any of these tools you can create some built in validation of responses, it can be simple (check for 200 response) to complicated (apply json or xml schema validation to the response as well as validate specific values within the response).  I really like validating xml and json responses against schemas by creating a validating request function per endpoint.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T17:50:33.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7120" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7134" CreationDate="2013-11-08T18:15:55.890" Score="5" ViewCount="1095" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was looking for some guidelines/documentation on how to start security testing my app and progress on as a security tester. It seems interesting to me  to be able to break an application using trial and error methods at various points like login, modifying the URL and some amount of sql injection. Career wise what are the prospects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My background: Have a computer science degree, started off with manual testing , Doing Automated UI testing (Webdriver, Abbot).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastActivityDate="2013-11-11T18:50:19.517" Title="Path to becoming a security tester for a QA Engineer?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7090" CreationDate="2013-11-08T19:11:44.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option might be using some file system that supports versioning (such as zfs). You can then return to earlier points in time with snapshots the same way as with virtual machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2013-11-08T19:11:44.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1941" CreationDate="2013-11-08T23:02:41.283" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked with Web Driver in both java and C# and I use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Java :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver;      &#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In C#  :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver Driver;&#xA;Driver.Quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastEditorUserId="5600" LastEditDate="2014-03-10T11:07:59.113" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T11:07:59.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7113" CreationDate="2013-11-10T04:36:34.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to attempt Log in and exit the app in different ways as you can. &#xA;Also try Adhoc type of testing to exit the app. But remember to record each and every attempt so once you caught issue could be able to attached to the bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6314" LastActivityDate="2013-11-10T04:36:34.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7124" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-10T04:56:01.117" Score="0" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working as full time QA but seeking opportunity in part time job in QA.&#xA;I can spend 4/5 hour per week. please suggest any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6314" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-11-10T12:46:17.190" LastActivityDate="2013-11-10T23:11:57.063" Title="Are there any part time jobs related to QA?" Tags="&lt;work-place&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2013-11-12T18:36:06.380" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7124" CreationDate="2013-11-10T12:53:53.560" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there any part time jobs related to QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly. There are many folks working in QA as part-timers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of them are part-time employees, others are contractors working less than full-time hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can spend 4/5 hour per week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 or 5 hours is a pretty small amount for a useful QA role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never hired anyone to work less than a few days per week. And I don't know of anyone who has ever worked in a position for that few number of hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are sites like uTest (and others) where you can be paid by the bug you find, and work as many or as few hours as you choose. They don't seem like very lucrative jobs, but it might be just what you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2013-11-10T23:11:57.063" LastActivityDate="2013-11-10T23:11:57.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7128" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-11T05:52:08.190" Score="3" ViewCount="2095" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on mobile applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we know every user shall have experienced network loss issues due to various reasons while using an app. Now my requirement is that &lt;em&gt;how shall I guarantee an app that I have tested survive a network loss&lt;/em&gt;. In other words how shall I create that situation of network issues to handle the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:33:59.210" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T02:34:39.787" Title="How to simulate a network loss issue while Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7021" CreationDate="2013-11-11T07:55:35.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can press F12 key in chrome and right click on the element you want to get  and click on inspect element. Now you shall see the console with corresponding attributes,Now right click at the console will give you required xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also Firebug an adddon of mozilla is helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastActivityDate="2013-11-11T07:55:35.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7128" CreationDate="2013-11-11T08:15:56.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are running on linux, there are WAN emulators like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/netem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;netem&lt;/a&gt; which allow you to inject network errors (packet loss, latency, etc.)&#xA;   &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; has a list of fault injection tools for other platforms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:34:39.787" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T02:34:39.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7117" CreationDate="2013-11-11T13:33:00.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keyview -&gt; Right mouse click -&gt; Action Call Properties -&gt; Parameter Values Then changing the default things to be input parameters. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6324" LastActivityDate="2013-11-11T13:33:00.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7128" CreationDate="2013-11-11T18:03:19.020" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a few ideas I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you connect the device via wi-fi and then kill the network?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have access to the web server, can you turn it off from the other end so the app on the device doesn't get responses for a while, then turn it back on?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you change the phone settings to use airplane mode?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-11-11T18:03:19.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7120" CreationDate="2013-11-11T18:50:19.517" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard to find very knowledgeable security experts in QA, mostly because it is extremely complex, and requires constant learning and keeping up on trends.  There are a number of things that you would absolutely need to know in order to be considered a &quot;security expert&quot;.  The biggest challenge is that it's not OK to know some of these things, or to have some familiarity with them, you really need to have an intimate familiarity and deep understanding of all of them, which is why a true security expert is so rare.  This isn't meant to scare you off, just set realistic expectations of what I would expect from a &quot;security engineer&quot;.  With that being said, I think ALL QA Engineers should be familiar with security issues and be able to at least at a high level find and point out potential issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge of and experience with various tools for security testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Networking, protocols and authentication mechanisms.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server configurations, load balancers, proxies, firewalls, and the entire internet stack.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JavaScript, browsers, browser settings, known browser vulnerabilities, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interactions between front-end, middle tier, databases and all backends, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programming language differences and vulnerabilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OS differences, configurations and vulnerabilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All major known attacks (and probably most of the minor ones as well)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to assess attack surface and vulnerability of systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to execute attacks of all kinds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Development and architecture techniques to avoid vulnerabilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is by no means an exhaustive list, and every line item above represents easily hundreds of hours of research and experience.  If you are truly interested then my advice is this - start slow, focus on one thing at a time and become an expert in that one thing and then move on.  Also a caution - do not call yourself a &quot;security engineer&quot; or expert until you can check off every thing in that list.  If you bill yourself a security engineer and do not have the skills required, you can be liable if there are security flaws due to your lack of knowledge.  Being a security engineer can be very lucrative, but it also requires a ton of knowledge and expertise and can leave you and the companies you work for open to liability if you do not know what you claim to know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-11-11T18:50:19.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7128" CreationDate="2013-11-12T08:48:50.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your budget allows it, a base station simulator is the best solution. The average price range is 100-200K$ plus some engineer time to learn, configure and operate the simulator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use it instead of a live network, and it allows you different (simulated) network types and conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example you can simulate packet loss and other network imperfections (jitter, delay), poor reception, cell handover, usage of different cellular technologies e.g. GSM, 3G or LTE etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the known brands are Agilent, Rohde &amp;amp; Schwarz and Anritsu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you use the term &quot;Network&quot; with one meaning, while actually it has two- cellular network and data network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2013-11-12T08:48:50.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7145" CreationDate="2013-11-12T09:06:52.130" Score="0" ViewCount="222" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been working in SQA field for a year now, and basically I used only black box methods. What advice can you give me to enhance my skills? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently I have started learning Jmeter Apache for load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6336" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-11-12T12:21:59.383" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T05:58:10.257" Title="Fresh to Software SQA" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7136" CreationDate="2013-11-12T12:33:22.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a lot of ways you can go here - if you want to stay with manual testing you can look to improve your ability to find and report problems, or you can add load testing or functional regression testing to your skill set. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on where you're based, the most effective method for you could vary - you'll want to balance between something you enjoy doing and something that is in demand in your part of the world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you read widely. Joe Strazzere's excellent blog, &lt;a href=&quot;http://allthingsquality.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;All Things Quality&lt;/a&gt;, is a great starting point. Another good place to look is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ministry of Testing&lt;/a&gt; for an excellent list of tools of all sorts as well as a consolidated blog feed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-11-12T12:33:22.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7138" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7146" CreationDate="2013-11-12T12:59:46.280" Score="2" ViewCount="5809" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you recommend any tools for testing performance of desktop applications running on MS Windows? I would like to verify the speed of application activities versus HW and OS configuration. I have to perform tests on several HW desktops and and Win7, Win8, XP. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6338" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T11:52:42.117" Title="Performance testing for MS Windows desktop applications" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7136" CreationDate="2013-11-12T14:19:04.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you have used basically black box methods, you may want to widen your QA knowledge by introducing yourself in topics like code inspection, code analysis, technical debt, code metrics... This will allow you to predict which parts of the software are most likely to fail and which parts will require more effort to be maintained or evolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5139" LastActivityDate="2013-11-12T14:19:04.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7140" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-12T15:10:25.797" Score="3" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have three tests A, B, C and each tests a specific scenario, where B depends on A and C depends on B and A. How do you deal with that? Is it a case where there should not be three tests in the first place, but rather merged into one or are dependencies normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also situations where you have three tests A, B, C and each tests a different scenario but B includes test A and C includes test B and therefore test A. Is this normal or is this best avoided? If it is to be avoided, how should the tests be written?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2063" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:33:13.157" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T02:33:13.157" Title="How are dependencies dealt with when writing tests?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7140" CreationDate="2013-11-12T16:02:39.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keeping each test separate, but dependent on each other, may introduce erroneous failures if the prerequisite tests have not completed or have failed. Each test should be independent of another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would cascade the tests in this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test #1 = A&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test #2 = A + B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test #3 = A + B + C&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5945" LastActivityDate="2013-11-12T16:02:39.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7142" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-12T17:21:07.987" Score="2" ViewCount="7912" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a set of JSP Pages for each I have a set of links to use for the response time measurements.&#xA;In order to aggregate the results correctly I am trying to run a foreach controller over a loop controller using the csv data set config element.&#xA;Somehow I cannot get the setup to parameterize the filename of the CSV config element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ThreadGroup &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JSP Names&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Foreach JSP Controller&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loop Controller&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV config reading from ${jspPage}.csv   (not working)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6339" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:11:15.257" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:11:15.257" Title="JMeter: Iterating over a set of CSV files over a set of links - nested loops" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7140" CreationDate="2013-11-12T21:30:27.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the factors involved in deciding whether to try to make tests independent are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resources - if you have to run a very large number of functional and GUI automation tests (which is far from ideal, but is still something that happens), and you have limits on how much time or server resource you have available, performing the setup then running all the dependent tests in a series may be the most effective option you have.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application complexity - the more complex the application, the more likely it is you will have to go through a large number of common steps to reach the function you actually want to test. For instance, you may be performing identical steps with users who have different privilege levels. Do you duplicate all the code or do you break it out and run it as dependent tests? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tolerance for repeated code - Even if you break out common steps into their own routines, you'll still end up with a lot of repetition in the larger applications. For instance, you have two tests where you're logging in and creating orders for customer X. To make these independent, you need to include the log in and creation of customer X's account as well as the order in each test - that's a lot of duplication there. A change to the process flow can make a real mess of your tests before they hit the test you want - namely creating the order. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-11-12T21:30:27.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7142" CreationDate="2013-11-12T22:19:11.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing that is confusing, why do you need the foreach controller if you use the loop controller. Also, I would recommend to not use any of these controllers and simply allow JMeter to iterate through the CSV file.&#xA;Also, it looks like you determine the file name is realtime. This can cause unexpected behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6122" LastActivityDate="2013-11-12T22:19:11.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7136" CreationDate="2013-11-13T05:58:10.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my opinion, always depends on your skills. I mean, if you are testing Windows desktop application, it's highly recommended some .net knowledge, but if you are running Android tests, Java is the base of the knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Black-box testing is quite a general way to describe a testing method, it can include a lot  of technics, like a boundary test for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want to focus on the development part - on the &quot;pure&quot; code, focus on the other aspects of the application, not strongly related to its functionality - on the non-functional parts: usability, security, scalability, stress testing. The static testing - rereading and testing the documentation is quite useful, and can prevent many possible bugs and failures from the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would highly recommend to have a look on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-Model_%28software_development%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;V-model&lt;/a&gt;, I think, it is useful and a tester can learn many aspects even if the project development doesn't follow its path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4560" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T05:58:10.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7138" CreationDate="2013-11-13T06:13:09.300" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For some performance testing you don't need a specific tool, only a &lt;strong&gt;well-designed test case set&lt;/strong&gt;, a bunch of test suites which with some variables can be used on any type of operating system family.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you design the test cases, you should take in consideration the application's &lt;strong&gt;requirements&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;non-functionalities&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how many users will use the application in the same time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it have a network connection?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How should the application behave if the network is working very&#xA;slowly?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And what if it receives too many requests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How should be the system configured for the application's optimized&#xA;work?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What time-requirements are necessary  (response time, timed-out&#xA;requests)? And so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may need for some performance testing types some simple tools, but they are not very complicated. For a &lt;strong&gt;load testing&lt;/strong&gt; for example you can even use the windows' build-in tool, the Task Manager, to monitor the processes' behavior. As Tom77 said in his comment, sometimes even a stopwatch is enough, but ensure you make notes in a table to compare them at the end, and you are testing the right functionality of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think, the key is the test cases' correctness and portability. For this I can suggest the &lt;strong&gt;Microsoft's Test Manager&lt;/strong&gt;, if you are already a Windows user. It isn't the best tool, quite buggy, but it can be easily integrated with other Agile tools, such as Workbench and Visual Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4560" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T06:13:09.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7147" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-13T06:38:19.407" Score="7" ViewCount="38373" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to take screen shot on both test cases &quot;Positive and Negative&quot; results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: Currently, I am working in selenium webdriver (&lt;code&gt;junit&lt;/code&gt;) and I did not have an idea about how to code for adding methods to take screen shots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4427" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:32:13.630" LastActivityDate="2019-12-03T13:04:53.560" Title="Take screen shots using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6753" CreationDate="2013-11-13T09:07:42.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some pros and cons of Selenium as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is an Open Source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It supports all browsers like IE, Firefox, Mozilla, Safari&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It also supports all Operating Systems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium IDE does not supports loop and data driven testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has no option to verify the images.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6342" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-12T10:57:34.693" LastActivityDate="2014-01-12T10:57:34.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-13T10:20:03.510" Score="2" ViewCount="822" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this problem that when I run in root account it works properly with the test cases returning as expected. But in a non-root account it keeps giving me an error. Thanks in advance if you are helping me out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have done:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use selenium IDE to export into test case in JUnit Webdriver  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mavenized and execute the test.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This server is Ubuntu 12.04  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maven file is as below:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-xml prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;project&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;modelVersion&amp;gt;4.0.0&amp;lt;/modelVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.ncs&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-test&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.0.0-SNAPSHOT&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.11&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.35.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;finalName&amp;gt;IntegrationTest&amp;lt;/finalName&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-compiler-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.3.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;source&amp;gt;1.6&amp;lt;/source&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;target&amp;gt;1.6&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error is as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;Test set: TestGoogle&#xA;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 33.153 sec &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE!&#xA;testGoogle(TestGoogle)  Time elapsed: 33.137 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; ERROR!&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;link text&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Gmail&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 30.03 seconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.35.0', revision: '8df0c6bedf70ff9f22c647788f9fe9c8d22210e2', time: '2013-08-17 12:46:41'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'i386', os.version: '3.2.0-51-generic-pae', java.version: '1.6.0_33'&#xA;Session ID: 524ff8d4-1ea3-4421-b9c1-ae1c34d8fd66&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{platform=LINUX, acceptSslCerts=true, javascriptEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, rotatable=false, locationContextEnabled=true, version=25.0, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, databaseEnabled=true, handlesAlerts=true, browserConnectionEnabled=true, nativeEvents=false, webStorageEnabled=true, applicationCacheEnabled=true, takesScreenshot=true}]&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:191)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:145)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:554)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:307)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByLinkText(RemoteWebDriver.java:356)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByLinkText.findElement(By.java:241)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:299)&#xA;    at TestGoogle.testGoogle(TestGoogle.java:26)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)&#xA;    at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:176)&#xA;    at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:141)&#xA;    at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:122)&#xA;    at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:142)&#xA;    at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:125)&#xA;    at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:129)&#xA;    at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:255)&#xA;    at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:250)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit38ClassRunner.run(JUnit38ClassRunner.java:84)&#xA;    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4TestSet.execute(JUnit4TestSet.java:62)&#xA;    at org.apache.maven.surefire.suite.AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.executeTestSet(AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.java:140)&#xA;    at org.apache.maven.surefire.suite.AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.execute(AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.java:127)&#xA;    at org.apache.maven.surefire.Surefire.run(Surefire.java:177)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)&#xA;    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.runSuitesInProcess(SurefireBooter.java:345)&#xA;    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.main(SurefireBooter.java:1009)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler$UnknownServerException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;link text&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Gmail&quot;}&#xA;Build info: version: '2.35.0', revision: '8df0c6bedf70ff9f22c647788f9fe9c8d22210e2', time: '2013-08-17 12:46:41'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'i386', os.version: '3.2.0-51-generic-pae', java.version: '1.6.0_33'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_(file:///tmp/anonymous5771616614386270554webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver_component.js:8880)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.fxdriver.Timer.prototype.setTimeout/&amp;lt;.notify(file:///tmp/anonymous5771616614386270554webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver_component.js:396)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6343" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:31:47.950" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T02:31:47.950" Title="Selenium Webdriver runs in root but not in non-root account" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7151" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7152" CreationDate="2013-11-13T10:44:12.417" Score="0" ViewCount="18107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to create data provider in C#. However, I don't want to connect the DB. I just want to provide some values. Is there TestNG like unit testing framework in C#, which can I use? Is there any way of doing the following in C# - Microsoft Unit tests (The code was taken from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/unittest/testng-tutorial-6-parameterized-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mkyong.com/unittest/testng-tutorial-6-parameterized-test/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;Data-Provider-Function&quot;)&#xA;public void parameterIntTest(TestNGTest6_3_0 clzz) {&#xA;   System.out.println(&quot;Parameterized Number is : &quot; + clzz.getMsg());&#xA;   System.out.println(&quot;Parameterized Number is : &quot; + clzz.getNumber());&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//This function will provide the patameter data&#xA;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Data-Provider-Function&quot;)&#xA;public Object[][] parameterIntTestProvider() {&#xA;&#xA;    TestNGTest6_3_0 obj = new TestNGTest6_3_0();&#xA;    obj.setMsg(&quot;Hello&quot;);&#xA;    obj.setNumber(123);&#xA;&#xA;    return new Object[][]{&#xA;        {obj}&#xA;    };&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5386" LastEditorUserId="5386" LastEditDate="2013-11-15T11:08:29.273" LastActivityDate="2018-08-08T14:52:48.007" Title="TestNG like unit testing framework in C# (C sharp)" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7151" CreationDate="2013-11-13T12:47:29.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is that yes, you can do this. I don't have the code that will do it to hand, but you will find the basic information at &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh694602.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh694602.aspx&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Microsoft preferred method is to store the test data in some form of external data source (so that if the data needs to change you don't need to recompile) - the source can be XML, CSV, one of several different database types... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other method, if your object is mocking something drawn from an actual class in the application in test, is to use the MS fake framework which works in with the unit test framework by allowing you to define fakes and shims to use in place of the real methods (fakes are compile-time, shims are run-time redirects from the real methods - there are other differences as well, but that's the super-short version). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182527.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182527.aspx&lt;/a&gt; gives more detailed information on creating tests where the data is pulled from an external data source. &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/mathew_aniyan/archive/2009/03/17/data-driving-coded-ui-tests.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/mathew_aniyan/archive/2009/03/17/data-driving-coded-ui-tests.aspx&lt;/a&gt; has samples of connection strings for some of the more common data source types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, the best guide I've seen to using fakes and shims is this Channel9 video: &lt;a href=&quot;http://channel9.msdn.com/Events/TechEd/Europe/2012/DEV411&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://channel9.msdn.com/Events/TechEd/Europe/2012/DEV411&lt;/a&gt; (It's a long one, but well worth it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I do not work for Microsoft - I just use their tools)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T12:47:29.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7147" CreationDate="2013-11-13T14:40:40.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure how to do it manually, but there's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thucydides.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing framework&lt;/a&gt; (thucydides) that can do what you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This tool in fact integrates Selenium Webdriver with other tools to make your life easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can setup a test maven project quite fast. Since it is open-source, you could check how they capture the screenshots if you don't want to mess with another tool. However, I must say that working with such a tool makes life much easier...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6345" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T11:44:06.707" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T11:44:06.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7154" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-13T23:18:11.900" Score="1" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read a number of papers and books on equivalence partitioning but can't seem to get my head around this one part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: Are these valid equivalence partitions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let say I have a program that adds together the points each player gets in a game of snooker and each game is part of a match. When a game has completed the winner is announced and when the match has completed (after 3 games) the match winner is announced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would partitions that depend on a series of inputs be valid? Such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Player 1 wins the game&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;player 2 wins the match&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6347" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2013-12-14T09:19:51.053" Title="Valid Equivalence Partition testing" Tags="&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7147" CreationDate="2013-11-13T23:39:27.407" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take the screenshot in the &lt;code&gt;@After&lt;/code&gt; test tear down method, which is run after every test. This way you will always get a screenshot for both passed and failed tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestSample&#xA;{&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp() {&#xA;        //start new webdriver session, for eg using firefox&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    } &#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void aTest() {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;        //more test logic  - test might pass or fail at this point&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @After&#xA;    public void tearDown() {&#xA;        // take the screenshot at the end of every test&#xA;        File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;        // now save the screenshto to a file some place&#xA;        FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;c:\\tmp\\screenshot.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    //quit WebDriver session&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4933" LastActivityDate="2013-11-13T23:39:27.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7154" CreationDate="2013-11-14T09:05:51.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Equivalence partitioning is used for input or output values of a software component, so that you can derive test cases using representative values of the partitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test a function which determines the winner of a game after it has ended, and there are two input parameters &lt;code&gt;pointsPlayer1&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;pointsPlayer2&lt;/code&gt;, the domains of these parametes would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;0 &amp;lt;= pointsPlayer1 &amp;lt;= maxValue&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;0 &amp;lt;= pointsPlayer2 &amp;lt;= maxValue&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;maxValue&lt;/code&gt; is the maximum number of points in a game, you have to use the concrete maximum value for snooker for this placeholder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have do divide the domain in ranges from which you expect the software component to behave equal for each value in these ranges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following &quot;valid&quot; partitions can be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;pointsPlayer1 &amp;lt; pointsPlayer2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;pointsPlayer1 &amp;gt; pointsPlayer2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partition 1 is used for the test cases where player 2 wins&#xA;Partition 2 is used for the test cases where player 1 wins&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to consider an additional condition for deriving your test cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pointsPlayer1 + pointsPlayer2 &amp;lt;= maxValue&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Valid&quot; partitions are used to test the &quot;good&quot; cases (valid parameter values). The &quot;bad&quot; cases, i.e. invalid parameter values, should also be tested. &quot;Invalid&quot; partitions are used for this. &quot;Invalid&quot; partitions would be for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;pointsPlayer1 &amp;lt; 0&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;pointsPlayer1 &amp;gt; maxValue&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;pointsPlayer1 + pointsPlayer2 &amp;gt; maxValue&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastActivityDate="2013-11-14T09:05:51.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7142" CreationDate="2013-11-14T10:32:39.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that your foreach controller works and ${jspPage}.csv is being correctly populated it should be fine to read CSV data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that you have each link in a new line could you please make sure that following configuration is applied:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Loop Controller&lt;/strong&gt;: should be &gt; than 1 loop. Elsewise it'll read only the first line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65138-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;For CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filename - ${jspPage}.csv (should resolve to csv file)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;File encoding - must match your file encoding (it's recommended to use UTF-8)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Variable name - anything meaningful. If you're using full URLs like protocol://host:port/path you need to split it via Beanshell function elsewise you'll be getting errors like &quot;Host is null&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Delimiter - something like &quot;\r\n&quot; (without quotes). You may wish to use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__BeanShell(System.getProperty(&quot;line.separator&quot;);)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as line separator may vary on Windows, MacOSX and Linux.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other properties are according to your use case. With defaults which are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allow quoted data - false&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recycle on EOF - true&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop Thread on EOF - true&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sharing mode - all threads&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should get the number of requests per JSP CSV file equal to loops, defined in your Loop Controller. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2013-11-14T10:32:39.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="656" CreationDate="2013-11-14T13:59:51.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A regression testing is somewhat we perform on the application as soon as it undergoes a code change to ensure that new code has not affected other parts of the software. But automated testing is a wide concept of which regression can be the part of. I think a comparison on this is like not possible. However, we can have the same for regression testing and re-testing. You can look at this difference over here in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/difference-between-regression-testing-vs-retesting/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T12:15:48.097" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T12:15:48.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7160" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-14T18:46:35.587" Score="1" ViewCount="1432" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing the test script in &lt;code&gt;java&lt;/code&gt; using &lt;code&gt;selenium webDriver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a situation where while executing the test script different authentication windows will appear and might need different credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example when I open a url, a 'Authentication Required' window appears. Say this wants &quot;uid1&quot; and &quot;pass1&quot; as credentials. And when another link on that page is clicked anther 'Authentication Required' window appears and this needs &quot;uid2&quot; and &quot;pass2&quot; as credentials.&#xA;In both authentication windows the title is same but the text is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to handle this using &lt;code&gt;AutoIT&lt;/code&gt;? Can anyone please post a sample code or guide me through this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6350" LastEditorUserId="6037" LastEditDate="2013-11-17T09:00:00.650" LastActivityDate="2013-11-17T09:00:00.650" Title="How to use AutoIT for handling multiple authentication windows with different credentials?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-15T00:09:06.263" Score="-3" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to be more up to date with current events and ideas in SQA. I was wondering if anyone could offer any suggestions for Software Testing Blogs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5805" LastActivityDate="2013-11-15T17:18:09.213" Title="Suggestions for Software Testing Blogs" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-11-19T01:28:18.267" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7161" CreationDate="2013-11-15T05:04:48.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://satisfice.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach's Blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testertested.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pradeep's Blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;these are my favorites, but there are plenty out there which will be useful. Google is your best friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5470" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2013-11-15T05:04:48.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7164" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-15T07:17:49.917" Score="2" ViewCount="6287" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am newbie with selenium and writing selenium test cases, I am basically trying to modify existing code in order to enhance some functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am creating a webDriver using the following code : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;    capabilities.setBrowserName(&quot;firefox&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;key&quot;, true);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;key&quot;, &quot;value&quot;);&#xA;    if (driverUrl != null) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot; Capabilities are &quot;+capabilities.toString());&#xA;        try {&#xA;            URL url = new URL(driverUrl);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot; DriverUtil: createDriver() path: &quot;+url.toString()+&quot; protocol &quot;+url.getProtocol()+&quot; hostName :&quot;+url.getHost()+&quot; port &quot;+url.getPort());&#xA;            WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(url, capabilities);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot; WebDriver is &quot;+driver);&#xA;            return driver;&#xA;        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {&#xA;            throw new IllegalStateException(&quot;Failed to create remote web driver for url &quot; + driverUrl, e);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The url as well as the capabilities have the following values :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; DriverUtil webDriver is http://xyz-qaa.abc.no&#xA; Capabilities are Capabilities [{browserName=firefox, key=value}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have modified the url in this question but as such the url has a valid value and can be opened in the browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I try to run the test cases I see this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Caused by:&#xA;        java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to java.util.Map&#xA;            at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:218)&#xA;            at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:111)&#xA;            at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:129)&#xA;            at heimdall.ui.webtest.DriverUtil.createDriver(DriverUtil.java:46)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked around to find a solution for this but I am unable to find one. Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not entirely sure which version of selenium is being used, because I am not the original author, but in te eclipse project I did find that the org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-remote-driver/2.32.0.jar and selenium-firefox-driver-2.32.0.jar is being used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2254" LastEditorUserId="2908" LastEditDate="2014-06-14T05:17:52.190" LastActivityDate="2014-06-14T05:17:52.190" Title="Selenium 2 RemoteWebDriver constructor error: java.lang.String cannot be cast to java.util.Map" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7161" CreationDate="2013-11-15T08:48:33.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the &quot;Agile Testing&quot; scene, you might like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gojko.net/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.shino.de/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.shino.de/blog/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lisacrispin.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://janetgregory.ca/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://janetgregory.ca/blog/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2013-11-15T08:48:33.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7161" CreationDate="2013-11-15T17:18:09.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I maintain a list of relevant blogs on my own &quot;All Things Quality&quot; blog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a list of blogs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/people-in-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/people-in-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here's a list of recent posts from some of those blogs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://strazzerej.blogspot.com/2011/12/blog-post.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://strazzerej.blogspot.com/2011/12/blog-post.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2013-11-15T17:18:09.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7160" CreationDate="2013-11-15T18:03:03.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the order in which you spawn the windows is known, can you capture the handle value from the first window and then assume that the second window is the one that doesn't match that handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am rusty on AutoIt so I didn't put any code, but I did use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/intro/au3spy.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;oh so cool window info tool&lt;/a&gt; to get the values I would try to use. It's a life saver in situations like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Window &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&#xA;Title:  Authentication Required&#xA;Class:  MozillaDialogClass&#xA;Position:   2376, 597&#xA;Size:   453, 167&#xA;Style:  0x16C80084&#xA;ExStyle:    0x00000101&#xA;Handle: 0x000000000004097E #this appears unique, but not predictable&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Window &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&#xA;Title:  Authentication Required&#xA;Class:  MozillaDialogClass&#xA;Position:   2376, 597&#xA;Size:   453, 167&#xA;Style:  0x16C80084&#xA;ExStyle:    0x00000101&#xA;Handle: 0x000000000005097E #this appears unique, but not predictable&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially first window == 0x000000000004097E , second window &amp;lt;&gt; 0x000000000004097E &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternately, you can do each operation in a different browser and use the Title and/or Class to distinguish them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First Window in FireFox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Window &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&#xA;Title:  Authentication Required&#xA;Class:  MozillaDialogClass &#xA;Position:   2387, 597&#xA;Size:   432, 167&#xA;Style:  0x16C80084&#xA;ExStyle:    0x00000101&#xA;Handle: 0x000000000004097E&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second Window in Internet Explorer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; Window &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&#xA;Title:  Windows Security&#xA;Class:  #32770&#xA;Position:   2234, 634&#xA;Size:   439, 253&#xA;Style:  0x96C80A84&#xA;ExStyle:    0x00010101&#xA;Handle: 0x00000000000507EA &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-11-15T18:03:03.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7170" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-15T22:04:51.827" Score="2" ViewCount="3321" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you modify a test case that has been used as a call in for other tests?  In other words, if I have a test case that I want to modify or delete, how can I tell if it has been used as a call in for another test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6357" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T12:00:29.873" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T12:00:29.873" Title="Modifying a called in test case" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7170" CreationDate="2013-11-16T06:08:21.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the testing tool you use, if it creates a copy when you add the same test case to the suite or just link it. For example, in Microsoft's Test Manager you cannot verify in which testing suite was the test case created/used, only if the suite is a User Story/Product Backlog Item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you to test first your testing suite with a simple method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a test case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create Suite 1, 2, 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add the test case to the three suites.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove the test case from the second suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verification point&lt;/em&gt;: verify the first and the third suites if the test case still remained there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete the test case from the third suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verification point&lt;/em&gt;: verify the first suite if the test case is still there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note the difference between &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;delete&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;remove&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Normally I would except from a &lt;em&gt;remove&lt;/em&gt; action to delete the test case from the current suite but to let it in the other suites; and from the &lt;em&gt;delete&lt;/em&gt; action to delete completely the test case from all of the suites you added it. But, as I said, it depends on the testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you went through the uppers steps, you already should know: does the delete/remove action delete all of the test cases from all of the suites? If none of the delete and remove actions deletes all of the test cases, the situation is a little bit sad: you have to go through all of the suites and remove the test case one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the same to test the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;modification of a test case&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4560" LastActivityDate="2013-11-16T06:08:21.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7173" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-18T05:44:27.183" Score="1" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, well I am learning selenium webdriver, junit4. I need to know, is it a proper way to add &quot;XSS scripts&quot; through the console of web developers tools? &#xA;Can anyone help me with an example ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6364" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:16:08.440" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:16:08.440" Title="xss scripts through console of web-developers-tools" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2013-11-18T06:50:52.350" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can easily download Android emulator known as Bluestacks from here and install it on your computer - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.androidappsonpc.net/download-bluestacks-app-player-for-windows-and-mac/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.androidappsonpc.net/download-bluestacks-app-player-for-windows-and-mac/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6365" LastActivityDate="2013-11-18T06:50:52.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7619" CreationDate="2013-11-18T09:33:02.843" Score="0" ViewCount="829" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to IOS mobile application testing, can anyone suggest me the automation tool for IOS mobile application, so that UI, functionality and performance test could be done with that. I tried with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gorillalogic.com/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FONEMONKEY&lt;/a&gt; buts its payable for trailer, required tool must be free for trailer version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specification is: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, iPhone-4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6237" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T17:58:06.973" Title="Tool to UI, Performance, Functionality testing for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS for IOS mobile application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7179" CreationDate="2013-11-18T17:39:35.820" Score="1" ViewCount="13430" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing a selenium automation where I want to pass the variable into the XPath and select the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The xpath which I am trying looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//span[contains(.,'SEM W880 Black')]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to pass the text &lt;code&gt;SEM W880 Black&lt;/code&gt; as a variable to the XPath. How can I do it using python 3?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6164" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T15:35:23.567" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T15:35:23.567" Title="Selecting xpath using a variable in selenium 2" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7178" CreationDate="2013-11-19T00:16:26.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At first glance, this appears to be a Python question rather than a QA question.  The answer to the Python question is something like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;x = 'SEM W880 Black'&#xA;browser.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//span[contains(.,'&quot; + x + &quot;')]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I misunderstood you, please update the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-11-19T00:16:26.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7181" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-19T07:31:01.007" Score="9" ViewCount="908" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been working on the pairwise topic for more than one month now and I went from &quot;pairwise testing is a nice method in theory, but not applicable in our case&quot; to &quot;pairwise is nice in theory and might be applicable in our case&quot; to finally &quot;pairwise is applicable in our case!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already elaborated some test plans that would save us up to 50% effort with that method. But now my boss and other colleagues are asking me for a proof that these pairwise testcases suffice to make sure our software is running well. I alredy told them when going from exhaustive testing to pairwise combinations theres always a chance you wont find some bugs because you dont test all 3- (or n-) way combinations. Thus i can't prove my testcases will find all errors (or at least as many as exhaustive testing). At best I can say because of softwareprogramming considerations pairwise methods will find &quot;most&quot; bugs with less effort than exhaustive testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So if anyone of you sees another point to convice my colleagues of pairwise testing please feel free to answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6207" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T07:01:15.500" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T07:01:15.500" Title="How to convince your colleagues of pairwise testing?" Tags="&lt;pairwise-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7182" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7965" CreationDate="2013-11-19T11:55:39.577" Score="1" ViewCount="870" Body="&lt;p&gt;i'm a newbie on linux, android and QA at the same time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;following this tutorial:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/testing_ui.html#sample&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/testing_ui.html#sample&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I came across to this situation:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;filip@TowardMac:~/workspace_adt/TestSample$ ant build&#xA;Unable to locate tools.jar. Expected to find it in /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/lib/tools.jar &#xA;Buildfile: /home/filip/workspace_adt/TestSample/build.xml&#xA;&#xA;-check-env:&#xA; [checkenv] Android SDK Tools Revision 22.3.0&#xA; [checkenv] Installed at /home/filip/Development/adt-bundle/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20131030/sdk&#xA;&#xA;-build-setup:&#xA;[getbuildtools] Using latest Build Tools: 19.0.0&#xA; [echo] Resolving Build Target for TestSample...&#xA;[getuitarget] Project Target:   Android 4.1.2&#xA;[getuitarget] API level:        16&#xA; [echo] ----------&#xA; [echo] Creating output directories if needed...&#xA;[mkdir] Created dir: /home/filip/workspace_adt/TestSample/bin/classes&#xA;&#xA;-pre-compile:&#xA;&#xA;compile:&#xA;&#xA;BUILD FAILED&#xA;/home/filip/Development/adt-bundle/adt-bundle-linux-x86_6420131030/sdk/tools/ant/uibuild.xml:183: &#xA;Unable to find a javac compiler;&#xA;com.sun.tools.javac.Main is not on the classpath.&#xA;Perhaps JAVA_HOME does not point to the JDK.&#xA;It is currently set to &quot;/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre&quot;&#xA;&#xA;Total time: 1 second&#xA;filip@TowardMac:~/workspace_adt/TestSample$   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can anyone see the solution to this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6372" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T08:13:47.067" Title="uiautomator for android, path problem" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7181" CreationDate="2013-11-19T12:49:47.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The case of pairwise is most compelling when the combinatorial problem is so large that exhaustive testing is infeasible, e.g. when exhaustive testing is orders of magnitude more expensive than pairwise testing.  It sounds as if that is not the case for your situation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can make both of the these points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it is worthwhile to find ways to make testing go even 50% faster&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pairwise will still find most (or all) of the bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first point is not a universal truth but I believe it's usually true.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need help on the second point, you might try the following experiment.  Create a pairwise test plan, write it down somewhere, and stick in a drawer.  Now run through your exhaustive test plan, or whatever test strategy your boss and colleagues can agree on.  Every time you find a bug, record the value of all the relevant variables, i.e. all the variables that appeared in your pairwise test plan.  When the testing is over, pull the pairwise plan out of the drawer and check which of the bugs you would have found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may need to repeat the experiment over multiple test efforts because you will have any compelling results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You seem enthusiastic about pairwise (as I was when I first learned about it).  Here is a thing to remember about your experimental process.  Every pairwise test plan also includes some 3-way combinations too -- just not &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; 3-way combination. If you find a bug requires a 3-way combination that your pairwise test plan did not cover, you may be tempted to generate a &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; pairwise test plan that &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; cover it.  Resist that urge; it's cheating, and it will compromise your results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-11-19T12:49:47.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7181" CreationDate="2013-11-19T18:29:43.960" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apologies for the lengthy answer.  I have studied this exact problem in depth for the last 8 years or so, am passionate about the topic, have put significant thought into it, and hope that you'll find some of my experiences to be relevant to your situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For full disclosure, I should point out that I have created a test design tool called Hexawise so I have a conflict of interest.  That having been said, here are my experiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I. BACKGROUND&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About 8 years ago, I was working at a large systems integration firm and was asked to help the firm differentiate its testing offerings from the testing services provided by other firms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I admittedly did not know much about software testing then but by happy coincidence, &lt;a href=&quot;http://williamghunter.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;my father&lt;/a&gt; was a leading expert in the field of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_of_experiments&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Design of Experiments&lt;/a&gt;.  Design of Experiments is a field that has applicability in many areas (including agriculture, advertising, manufacturing, etc.) The purpose of Design of Experiments is to provide people with tools and approaches to help people learn as much actionable information as possible in as few tests as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I Googled &amp;quot;Design of Experiments Software Testing.&amp;quot;  That search led me to Dr. Madhav Phadke (who, by coincidence, had been a former student of my father).  More than 20 years ago now, Dr. Phadke and his colleagues at ATT Bell Labs had asked the question you're asking now.  They did an experiment using pairwise test design / orthogonal array test design to identify a subset of tests for ATT's StarMail system.  The results of that testing effort were extraordinarily successful and well-documented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shortly after doing that, while working at that systems integration firm, I began to advocate to anyone and everyone who would listen that designing  approach to designing tests promised to be both (a) more thorough and (b) require (in most but not all cases) significantly fewer tests.  Results from 17 straight projects confirmed that both of these statements were true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;II.  REPEATABLE STEPS TO CONFIRM WHETHER THIS APPROACH DELIVERS EFFICIENCY AND THOROUGHNESS IMPROVEMENTS (AND/OR DOCUMENT A BUSINESS CASE / ROI CALCULATION)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How did we demonstrate that this test design approach led to both more thorough testing and much more efficient testing?  We followed these steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take an existing set of 30 - 100 existing tests that had already been created, reviewed, and approved for testing (but which had not yet been executed).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using the test ideas included in those existing tests, design a set of pairwise tests (often approximately half as many tests as were in the original set).  When putting your tests together, if there are particular, known, high-priority scenarios that stakeholders believe are important to test, it is important to make sure that that you &lt;a href=&quot;http://help.hexawise.com/m/7438/l/82784-how-do-i-force-hexawise-to-include-required-scenarios-and-manage-requirements-traceability&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;force&amp;quot; your pairwise test generator to include such high-priority scenarios&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have two different testers execute BOTH sets of tests at the same time (e.g., before developers start fixing any defects that are uncovered by testers executing either set of tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document the following:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long did it take to execute each set of tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many unique defects were identified by each set of tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long did it take to create and document each set of tests?*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*This third measurement was usually an estimate because a significant number of teams had not tracked the amount of time it took to create the original set of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The results in 17 different pairwise testing &amp;quot;bake-off&amp;quot; projects conducted at my old firm included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defects found per tester hour during test execution&lt;/strong&gt;: when pairwise tests were used, more than twice as many defects were found per tester hour&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Total defects found&lt;/strong&gt;: pairwise tests as many or more defects in every single project (despite the fact that in almost every case there were significantly more tests in the each original set of tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defects found by pairwise tests but missed by traditional tests&lt;/strong&gt;: a lot (I forget the exact number)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defects found by traditional tests but missed by pairwise tests&lt;/strong&gt;: zero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amount of time to select and document tests&lt;/strong&gt;: much less time required when a pairwise test generator was used (As mentioned above, precise measurements were difficult to gather here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More recent project benefits have included these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sOCu2.png&quot; alt=&quot;Fewer Tests in Pairwise Testing Case Study&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Tut1.png&quot; alt=&quot;More Coverage in Pairwise Testing Case Study&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those experiences - combined with the realization that many Fortune 500 firms were starting to try to implement smarter test design methods to achieve these kinds of benefits but were struggling to find a test design tool that was user-friendly and would integrate into their other tools - led me to the decision to create Hexawise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;III.  ADDITIONAL ADVICE AND LESSONS LEARNED BASED ON MY EXPERIENCES&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since creating Hexawise, I've worked with executives at companies around the world who have found themselves in the precise situation you're in, namely:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I went from &amp;quot;pairwise testing is a nice method in theory, but not applicable in our case&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;pairwise is nice in theory and might be applicable in our case&amp;quot; to finally &amp;quot;pairwise is applicable in our case!&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already elaborated some test plans that would save us up to 50% effort with that method. But now my boss and other colleagues are asking me for a proof that these pairwise testcases suffice to make sure our software is running well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice is three-fold:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First&lt;/strong&gt;, appreciate how your own thinking has evolved and understand that other people will need to follow a similar journey (and that others won't have as much time to devote as you have had to experience learnings first-hand).  When I was creating Hexawise, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_E._P._Box&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;George Box&lt;/a&gt;, a Design of Experiments expert with decades of experience explaining to skeptical executives how Design of Experiments could deliver transformational improvements to their organizations' efficiency and effectiveness, told me &amp;quot;Justin, you'll experience three phases of acceptance and acceptance will happen more gradually than you would expect it to happen.  First, people will tell you 'It won't work.'  Next, they'll say &amp;quot;It won't work HERE.&amp;quot; Eventually, he said with a smile, they'll tell you 'Of course this works.  I thought of it first!' Your own starting point began with an assumption that &amp;quot;it is nice in theory but not applicable to what I'm doing.&amp;quot; When people hear that you can double their test execution productivity with a new approach, they won't initially believe you.  They'll be skeptical.  Most people you're explaining this approach to will start where you did.  It will take some time and experience for people to understand and appreciate how dramatic the benefits are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second&lt;/strong&gt;, people will instinctively be dismissive of &lt;a href=&quot;http://training.hexawise.com/m/7455/l/74099-9-does-pairwise-testing-really-work-evidence-data-and-case-studies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pairwise testing case study&lt;/a&gt; after case study after case study that show how effective this approach has been for testers in virtually all types of industries and all types and phases of testing.  George Box was right when he predicted that people will often respond with 'It won't work HERE.' Sometimes it is hard not to smile when people take that position.  Case in point: I will be talking to a senior executive at a large capital markets firm soon about how our tool can help them transform the efficiency and effectiveness of their testing group.  And I can introduce them to a client of ours that is using our test design tool extensively in every single one of their most important IT projects.  Will that executive take me up on my offer?  I hope so, but based on past experience, I suspect odds are good that he'll instead react with 'Yes, yes, sure, if companies were people, that company would be our company's identical twin, but still... It won't work HERE.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Third&lt;/strong&gt; At the end of the day, the most effective approach I have found to address that understandable skepticism and to secure organizational-level buy-in and commitment is through gathering hard, indisputable evidence on multiple projects that the approach works at the company itself through a bake-off approach (e.g., following those four steps outlined above.  A few words of advice though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My proposed approach isn't for the faint of heart.  If you're working at a large company with established approaches, you'll need patience and persistence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even after you gather evidence that this approach works in Business Unit A, and B and C, someone from Business Unit D will be unconvinced with the compelling and irrefutable evidence you have gathered and tell you 'It won't work HERE.  Business Unit D is unique.'  The same objections may likely arise with results from &amp;quot;Type of Testing&amp;quot; A, B, and C.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As powerful and widely-applicable as this test design approach is, always remember (and be clear with stakeholders) that it is not a magical silver bullet.  James Bach raises &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/wtst5/PairwisePNSQC2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;several valid limitations with using this approach&lt;/a&gt;.  In particular, this approach won't work unless you have testers who have relatively strong analytical skills driving the test design process.  Since pairwise test case generating tools are dependent upon thoughtful test designers to identify appropriate test inputs to vary, this approach (like all test design approaches) is subject to a &amp;quot;garbage in / garbage out&amp;quot; risk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project leads will resist &amp;quot;duplicating effort.&amp;quot; But unless you do an actual bake-off stakeholders won't appreciate how broken their existing process is.  There's inevitably far more wasteful repetition hidden away in standard tests than people realize.  When you start reporting a doubling of tester productivity on several projects, smart managers will take notice and want to get involved. At that point - hopefully - your perseverance should be rewarded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My experience has been that in order for skeptics to really believe the benefits it is often necessary for them to see the benefits measured first-hand on an application they are familiar with using an evaluation approach that produces unequivocal evidence.  That's why I strongly recommend the bake-off approach.  If stakeholders refuse to do a bake-off, I would keep on encouraging them to do one because the benefits are likely to be (a) dramatic and (b) unequivocal.  If your urgings ultimately fail, you can ask this simple question that gets to the heart of the matter: of the last 20 defects that were missed, how many of them would have been found through pairwise tests? Specifically, if a defect could ONLY be triggered by 3 or more specific inputs together, you could assume - for the purposes of being overly conservative - that it would not have been caught by pairwise tests even though, again, &lt;a href=&quot;https://app.hexawise.com/assets/todos/2-way_coverage_vs_3-way_coverage.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;that is an overly-conservative assumption because of the reasons explained here&lt;/a&gt;.  If a defect would have been triggered by 2 specific inputs tested together, there is a strong argument to be made that the defect would have been found with your pairwise tests PROVIDED THAT testers would have thought to include both of those test inputs in your test plan.  (This is a similar analysis to the approach suggested by user246 but slightly different; this approach focuses on the increase in thoroughness that sets of pairwise tests create.  The evidence I've repeatedly seen shows that pairwise tests are not only AS thorough as longer sets of manually-selected tests; they are consistently MORE thorough).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some benefits data and case studies that you might find useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://training.hexawise.com/m/7455/l/74099-9-does-pairwise-testing-really-work-evidence-data-and-case-studies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Does Pairwise Testing Really Work? Evidence, Data, and Case Studies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hexawise.com/index/pairwise-and-combinatorial-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Combinatorial Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.crosstalkonline.org/storage/issue-archives/2011/201111/201111-Phadke.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Utilizing Design of Experiments to Reduce IT Systems Testing Costs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IV.  IF YOU CAN'T CHANGE YOUR COMPANY, CONSIDER CHANGING COMPANIES&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, remember that your new-found skills are in high demand whether or not they're valued at your current company.  And know that, despite your best efforts and intentions, your efforts might not convince skeptics.  Some people inevitably won't be willing to take the time to understand.  If you find yourself in a situation where you want to use this test design approach (because you know that these approaches are powerful, practical, and widely-applicable) but that you don't have management buy-in, then consider whether or not it would be worth leaving your current employer to join a company that will let you use your new-found skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of our clients, for example, are actively looking for software test designers with well developed pairwise and combinatorial test design skills.  And they're even willing to pay a salary premium for highly analytical test designers who are able to design sets of powerful tests.  (We publicize such job openings in the LinkedIn Hexawise Guru group for testers who have achieved &amp;quot;Guru&amp;quot; level status in the self-paced computer-based-training modules in the tool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a related note, you might find the sqa.stackexchange question about &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/775/systematic-approaches-to-selection-of-test-data&quot;&gt;Systematic Approaches to Selection of Test Data&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; to be of interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2013-11-22T18:01:46.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7186" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-20T04:20:44.583" Score="-3" ViewCount="1522" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have three fields: username, password and confirm password. Next to those fields there is a submit button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explain all possible usability test cases I can make out of it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If i got an error even after entering correct values in all fields&#xA;and submit the form, what could be the possible reason?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="4560" LastEditDate="2013-11-20T08:58:43.043" LastActivityDate="2013-11-20T08:58:43.043" Title="What are the usability test cases for given scenario?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-11-22T00:22:39.587" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7186" CreationDate="2013-11-20T08:29:08.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The scenario you are asking is a &quot;classic&quot; one. This question is one of the most frequent asked questions at QA interviews. Maybe this is why quite many articles, blogs are discussing about the possibilities and scenarios, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.portnov.com/forums/showthread.php?522-Write-test-cases-for-Login-Password-functionality&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-archive.mozilla.org/quality/browser/front-end/testcases/password-manager/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://reddytesting.blogspot.ro/2011/05/reusable-test-cases-for-web-based.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think, for your &lt;strong&gt;first question&lt;/strong&gt; you can give yourself the answer by reading those pages. Just a suggestion: there &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; is another test case which can be run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the &lt;strong&gt;second question&lt;/strong&gt;, I think, that is the scenario which is named bug or failure. There is a &quot;path&quot; which can be found in any testing documentation: a failure or a bug is the result of an error. An error causes a fault which results a failure. Now, it seems that you found one. So the next step is to &lt;strong&gt;report the problem&lt;/strong&gt;: report ID, date, version, name of the tester, environment specification, steps and the result vs expected result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4560" LastActivityDate="2013-11-20T08:29:08.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1094" CreationDate="2013-11-20T18:10:47.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;+1 more tool found today Approval Tests - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/approvals/ApprovalTests.Net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/approvals/ApprovalTests.Net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approval Tests can be used for verifying objects that require more than a simple assert. They also come prepackaged with utilities for some common .Net scenarios including&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dictionaries &amp;amp; Collections, Long Strings, Log Files, Asp.Net, Asp.Net Mvc, Winforms, Wpf&#xA;Entity Framework, Rdlc reports&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-11-20T18:10:47.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5449" CreationDate="2013-11-20T20:31:36.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard that Motorola consists a test tool team to develop test tool for STB last year. Not sure what is going on so far yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to develop the test tool specific to your STB, the best way is to build communication protocol between your test framework with STB so that we can have two ways communication back and forth computer and STB. If we just control the key press for STB, that is the one way test and we don't have information back from STB. As we know, we have different types of STB and different STB may need different languages to write the test program. That is why it is so hard to find a universal test tools to test different STB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6381" LastActivityDate="2013-11-20T20:31:36.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-20T23:01:18.250" Score="1" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;SmartBear, the vendor for TestComplete automation tool, have over a 90 on-demand training videos available covering various subjects. However, it costs $349 for a years access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone watched these videos? &#xA;Is it worth spending the money? &#xA;Did you learn how to really use TestComplete to test your application(s)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www2.smartbear.com/TestComplete-On-Demand-Training-Video-LP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www2.smartbear.com/TestComplete-On-Demand-Training-Video-LP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6383" LastActivityDate="2013-11-20T23:01:18.250" Title="TestComplete On-Demand Video Training" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-03-11T15:10:36.230" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-21T07:45:51.753" Score="1" ViewCount="6822" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;code&gt;Selenium webdriver 2.0&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;JUnit&lt;/code&gt; framework. I need to generate a report on my tuned both (positive and negative) test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: We have an option to generate report by default in &quot;TESTNG&quot; framework. I need a solution to create in &lt;code&gt;JUnit&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4427" LastEditorUserId="6037" LastEditDate="2013-12-17T21:01:37.390" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T21:01:37.390" Title="How to generate testing report in JUNIT in webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6836" CreationDate="2013-11-21T18:44:18.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As soon as I find a bug, tell you about it or make a summary of bugs found and tell you about it at the end of the day?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll say yes. Why? Let's say I found something at noon and fill it out by the end of the day along with the others. A) Issue is not going to be as fresh as before in my head to investigate, and B) if dev has to fix it because its something important (client has a demo, it blocks other features, etc) or its just a very easy fix he knows he has time to work on now, but he may not have as much time tomorrow or he is coding with a dependency of the issue its always better for him to know in advance. . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ask you tons of questions about the app you're developing or try to figure it out myself? Or maybe I shouldn't have to worry about the specific details of the app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both. First you try to figure it out yourself (read documentation, navigate flows, I find it useful to read lates tickets as well) and, once you have all your tons questions noted, you ask them. You have to know the details to have better test results(not also app details, but also business knowledge).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6393" LastActivityDate="2013-11-21T18:44:18.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7191" CreationDate="2013-11-21T18:48:19.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Junit you can use ant to generate the reports in a html file. you have to configure the build.xml in ant to get the results in html.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6394" LastActivityDate="2013-11-21T18:48:19.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7197" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-22T15:44:00.130" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to write a program that detects when a new version of Chrome has been released - and I want to use the same API that Chrome uses itself when it checks. This is so I can trigger some Selenium tests when the browser gets updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other people have told me to use the blogspot page (&lt;a href=&quot;http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com&lt;/a&gt;), but there's a lot of noise there from all the different versions tracked on that web page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems it would be a lot more direct to find out the same way that Chrome finds out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I can't find a definition of the API - does anybody have any clues or hints? (PS, I can't just pull the exchange off the wire, as Chrome uses https so it is encrypted.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6400" LastActivityDate="2013-12-22T17:29:16.623" Title="How can I use the API that Chrome uses to check for the current version" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7197" CreationDate="2013-11-22T16:31:13.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure about the API, but something more generic that would work for any browser would be to use a selenium test to execute some JavaScript.  navigator.appVersion gives you the browser version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2013-11-22T16:31:13.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7191" CreationDate="2013-11-23T13:55:44.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You didn't say whether you were using Ant or something else.  I will assume you are more interested in the &quot;positive and negative&quot; part of the question than how to invoke the JUnit test runner from your build tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can register a &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit-team.github.io/junit/javadoc/4.10/org/junit/rules/TestWatcher.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestWatcher&lt;/a&gt; to monitor what happens during a test run.  The JUnit test runner will invoke methods on the TestWatcher when significant events occur.  You can override those methods to insert logging code for passing/failing tests.  Here is some sample code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.junit.Assert;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.junit.Rule;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.Description;&#xA;import org.junit.rules.TestWatcher;&#xA;public class positive {   &#xA;    @Rule&#xA;    public TestWatcher watchman = new TestWatcher() {&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        protected void failed(Throwable e,Description d) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;FAILED: &quot;+d.getClassName()+&quot;.&quot;+d.getMethodName());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    protected void succeeded(Description d) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;PASSED: &quot;+d.getClassName()+&quot;.&quot;+d.getMethodName());&#xA;        }&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void fails() {&#xA;    Assert.fail(&quot;I am a failure&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void passes() {&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you run that from the command line, you will see something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ java -cp $HOME/software/junit/target/*:$HOME/software/junit/lib/*:$PWD org.junit.runner.JUnitCore positive&#xA;JUnit version 4.12-SNAPSHOT&#xA;.PASSED: positive.passes&#xA;.FAILED: positive.fails&#xA;E&#xA;Time: 0.007&#xA;There was 1 failure:&#xA;1) fails(positive)&#xA;java.lang.AssertionError: I am a failure&#xA;    at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:88)&#xA;    at positive.fails(positive.java:23)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    [etc.]&#xA;&#xA;FAILURES!!!&#xA;Tests run: 2,  Failures: 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-11-23T17:57:10.770" LastActivityDate="2013-11-23T17:57:10.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7207" CreationDate="2013-11-23T19:20:14.587" Score="3" ViewCount="8148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was going through the types of software testing...Can anyone tell me what exactly are the differences between system testing and release testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6404" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-11-23T19:28:25.523" LastActivityDate="2019-11-13T08:25:51.110" Title="What's the difference between system testing and release testing?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-24T00:10:48.570" Score="1" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;I went to my site to notice that as soon as I go to it, 2 seconds later an &lt;code&gt;alert(1);&lt;/code&gt; pops up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It only shows the 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After 1 -2 clicks of OK, it redirects to another site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could this have happened and how can I figure out how to deter it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6406" LastActivityDate="2013-11-24T00:10:48.570" Title="Someone added a JavaScript alert() to my site" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2013-11-24T23:02:59.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7628" CreationDate="2013-11-24T04:36:01.967" Score="0" ViewCount="4956" Body="&lt;p&gt;So it’s been 5 years since I have been working on manual testing and from 6 months back I was working on QTP 10.0 version at home. I understood some basic things and can write basic QTP scripts for web based applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written some scripts for my web based application, but I honestly have no idea, how to start the framework design in QTP. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal is to learn the building QTP framework from the scratch, would be nice if an automation test engineer can respond, how can to start designing QTP hybrid framework from the scratch. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6407" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:44:46.927" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:44:46.927" Title="QTP Framework from scratch" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7202" CreationDate="2013-11-24T14:45:36.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see this in Ian Somerville's book (9th edition, section 8.3):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are two important distinctions between release testing and&#xA;  system testing during the development process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A separate team that has not been involved in the system development should be responsible for release testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;System testing by the development team should focus on discovering bugs in the system (defect testing). The objective of release testing&#xA;  is to check that the system meets its requirements and is good enough&#xA;  for external use (validation testing).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-11-24T14:45:36.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7208" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7221" CreationDate="2013-11-24T16:58:45.897" Score="1" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now and then I run a test of all combinations of a test of variables.  The outcome of each test is binary (e.g. pass/fail).  Typically, some combinations will pass and others will fail.  After the test is over, I want to look for patterns in the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An obvious way to look for results is to visualize them.  For example, I might load the results into a spreadsheet and experiment with sorting various combinations of columns.  After sorting, if the outcome column contains a long sequence of the same value, I may have found a pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative would be to let the computer look for patterns.  I envision a command line program that takes a matrix of combinations and corresponding outcomes as input and produces a set of rules as output, e.g. &quot;always passes when variable-1 == 3&quot;, or &quot;always fails when variable-2 == 4 and variable-3 == 'b'&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I know how I would go about writing something like that, but surely this has been done before.  Is there any open-source software available for summarizing combinatorial test results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-01-26T04:31:46.650" Title="Is there open-source software available for summarizing combinatorial test results?" Tags="&lt;combinatorial-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1129" CreationDate="2013-11-24T18:07:52.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you already got two rather lengthy answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do we still use TestNG when you develop framework using QTP ? Someone&#xA;  who has exposure to both QTP and Selenium Can clarify my question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Similar to Page object Pattern what is best practice that QTP suggests&#xA;  for automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have had experience in designing tool agnostic Automation Test Framework for two of the top Airlines companies. So I will partially be able to answer your question. I have never used TestNG but I have seen it being used for some projects and from that - NO. It can't be used for QTP without heavily modifying/including a few things. And it won't be efficient after those modifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are fully utilizing the power of QTP you can do lots of things. But often we don't do that. One of the very prime examples of this is descriptive programming. Hence it depends on the application you are automating and also the client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do we do different when we develop automation framework using QTP&#xA;  Vs Selenium QTP can be used for non-web testing (ex - winforms)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we look from the aspect of &quot;Designing the Framewrok&quot; rather than what they themselves can do. Then it finally boils down to the programming/scripting language. You will use vbscript for QTP and java(primarily) for Selenium.&#xA;In my case I used selenium when I was countered with a cross browser testing scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as for your example. Yes it is much easier to use QTP to recognize and work on windows objects. But there will be time when you'll have to do that from selenium (which inherently won't be able to do that). In that case this should be handled from your framework (conditional vbscript using sendkey).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this answers your queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2623" LastActivityDate="2013-11-24T18:07:52.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7210" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-25T03:41:53.150" Score="4" ViewCount="973" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been stuck in an issue while running selenium webdriver script in android device -Portrait mode.&#xA;Script is running successfully in landscape mode but when we run the same script in android device keeping device in portrait mode script is failing for few actions like clicking the link, even though object locator remains same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Script is like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testUntitled() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;application uRl&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//ul[2]/li[2]/a/div&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA; //below line throws exception&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;&amp;lt;css selector&amp;gt;&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: First two statements execute successfully in portrait mode. However the third statement &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;&amp;lt;css selector&amp;gt;&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt; fails (in portrait mode) and throws the below exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: This WebElement is not visisble and may not be clicked.&#xA;Build info: version: &amp;amp;apos;unknown&amp;amp;apos;, revision: &amp;amp;apos;unknown&amp;amp;apos;, time: &amp;amp;apos;unknown&amp;amp;apos;&#xA;System info: os.name: &amp;amp;apos;Linux&amp;amp;apos;, os.arch: &amp;amp;apos;armv7l&amp;amp;apos;, os.version: &amp;amp;apos;2.6.36.3&amp;amp;apos;, java.version: &amp;amp;apos;0&amp;amp;apos;&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 322 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: &amp;amp;apos;2.32.0&amp;amp;apos;, revision: &amp;amp;apos;6c40c18&amp;amp;apos;, time: &amp;amp;apos;2013-04-09 17:22:56&amp;amp;apos;&#xA;System info: os.name: &amp;amp;apos;Windows 7&amp;amp;apos;, os.arch: &amp;amp;apos;x86&amp;amp;apos;, os.version: &amp;amp;apos;6.1&amp;amp;apos;, java.version: &amp;amp;apos;1.7.0_40&amp;amp;apos;&#xA;Session ID: 1385108177533&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.android.AndroidDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{platform=ANDROID, acceptSslCerts=true, javascriptEnabled=true, handlesAlerts=true, browserName=android, browserConnectionEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, rotatable=true, locationContextEnabled=true, applicationCacheEnabled=true, webdriver.remote.sessionid=1385108177533, takesScreenshot=true, version=13}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest how this issue can be resolved. Is there any settings to be done for running script in portrait mode?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6410" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:44:15.633" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T15:11:25.633" Title="Running Selenium webdriver scripts in android device (Samsung galaxy tab)-Portrait mode" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7211" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-25T04:57:21.177" Score="2" ViewCount="5227" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can any one suggest me how to do a set up to run selenium scripts in chrome browser of android device?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently script is running fine in native browser of android device, but the requirement is like to run scripts in chrome browser of android device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6410" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:43:56.497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:43:56.497" Title="Running Selenium Script in Chrome browser in android devices" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7212" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-25T07:38:00.550" Score="2" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;As some of you might've already noticed I'm trying to find some shortcuts in software testing with pairwise method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last friday I stumbled upon some modules under test, which all have some basic features in common. When I asked some colleagues (from QA) weather the code for a common feature is the same for all modules or not, I got five different opinions. Some of them said developers are likely to use copy/paste when programming common features, others said you can't drop any tests because in general there are more than just one developers coding one common feature (e.g. one does the code of that feature for module A and another one for module B) or sometimes two developers code one feature for one module (e.g. one is ill and another one does his job).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My feeling tells me there are unnecessary tests being done. That is because I think some of the testers (if not most of them) are already skipping some tests of the form I described above (but they would never admit it of course). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating a testplan with pairwise tool wouldn't be a problem. My problem is that I need some kind of proof or at least very convincing point that we can skip most of these tests. I already asked a similar question and I'm waiting for a developer in order to carry out an experiment for that case, but in this particular case I think its hard to do an experiment because even if you take two modules and let two developers code a common feature for each of these modules (that would be a best case scenario without any interaction of developers) and even if pairwise testing would've done a good job in this case, you still can't be sure it does in general can you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6207" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2014-01-26T21:00:06.683" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T10:04:31.360" Title="Pairwise-Testing: How do you identify equivalent software code?" Tags="&lt;pairwise-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7211" CreationDate="2013-11-25T13:44:16.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know you can do this using &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; and launching the Chrome browser app. The set up is quite a bit more then selenium AndroidDriver.  I have gotten pretty close to doing it. If your developing on windows, one hurdle is the framework seems to be written and maintained by all Mac users so the windows support and documentation is quite scarce.  Also you will need to have root access to any device to run the chromedriver on it, (I reccommend WugFresh universal root kit for Nexus devices).  The chromedriver and appium google group forums are quite good if you get stuck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a pretty good &lt;a href=&quot;http://maheshambati.wordpress.com/2013/08/23/native-android-apps-automation-with-webdriver-using-appium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt; using appium, java, testng, android, and windows to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastActivityDate="2013-11-25T13:44:16.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7205" CreationDate="2013-11-25T16:12:07.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;i highly recommend the course &quot;Mastering Test Automation&quot; offered by SQE. all aspects of the test automation framework are covered (high-level).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqetraining.com/training/course/mastering-test-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sqetraining.com/training/course/mastering-test-automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6415" LastActivityDate="2013-11-25T16:12:07.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7212" CreationDate="2013-11-25T16:33:48.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read once this paragraph in the Django (Python framework) tutorial about repeating testing and it definitely convinced me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When testing, more is better&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;  It might seem that our tests are growing out of control. At this rate there will soon be more code in our tests than in our application, and the repetition is unaesthetic, compared to the elegant conciseness of the rest of our code. It doesn’t matter. Let them grow. For the most part, you can write a test once and then forget about it. It will continue performing its useful function as you continue to develop your program. Sometimes tests will need to be updated. Suppose that we amend our views so that only Questions with Choices are published. In that case, many of our existing tests will fail - telling us exactly which tests need to be amended to bring them up to date, so to that extent tests help look after themselves. At worst, as you continue developing, you might find that you have some tests that are now redundant. Even that’s not a problem; in testing redundancy is a good thing. As long as your tests are sensibly arranged, they won’t become unmanageable. Good rules-of-thumb include having: a separate TestClass for each model or view, a separate test method for each set of conditions you want to test and test method names that describe their function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, test repetition is never a problem. The main problem is the functional code repetition, and you can manage it by using tools like Sonar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5139" LastActivityDate="2013-11-25T16:33:48.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5794" CreationDate="2013-11-26T04:59:19.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think instead of comparing feature of Coded UI vs other, it would be better if check your application first. You should not use Coded UI just because that is compatible to integrate with TFS? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6417" LastActivityDate="2013-11-26T04:59:19.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7208" CreationDate="2013-11-27T02:42:43.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espresso_heuristic_logic_minimizer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Espresso&lt;/a&gt; is an algorithm for converting a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truth_table&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;truth table&lt;/a&gt; to a Boolean expression consisted of ANDed expressions that ORed together.  For example, a truth table like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;v1 v2 v3 result&#xA;-- -- -- ------&#xA; 0  0  0  0&#xA; 0  0  1  0&#xA; 0  1  0  1&#xA; 0  1  1  1&#xA; 1  0  0  1&#xA; 1  0  1  1&#xA; 1  1  0  1&#xA; 1  1  1  1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Boolean expression would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;v1 OR v2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For tests with Boolean-valued variables, it should be clear how to use Espresso to summarize combinatorial test results.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the test variables are categorical but not Boolean, you can transform the problem into the Boolean problem as follows.  For each categorical variable, create a Boolean variable for each possible value.  For example, if you have a variable for operating system with three possible values, e.g. Windows, Linux, and MacOS, you create three corresponding Boolean variables, only one of which will be set to True for each test case.  After making this transformation, you can use the Espresso algorithm to summarize the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find source code for Espresso &lt;a href=&quot;ftp://ftp.cs.man.ac.uk/pub/amulet/balsa/other-software/espresso-ab-1.0.tar.gz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have a good solution for real-valued variables, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Decision Trees&lt;/a&gt; seem like a possibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-11-27T02:42:43.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7212" CreationDate="2013-11-27T08:03:25.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not a safe assumption for at least 2 reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The code can change over time, and unless you can track it and remember you basic assumptions you are taking an unnecessary risk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The same code snippet can see different input values under different modules (see the Ariane 5's same horizontal acceleration module as that of Ariane 4 but different acceleration that lead to a crash), the same code can even compile or be optimized by the compiler differently when integrated into different modules.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-26T09:45:15.937" LastActivityDate="2014-01-26T09:45:15.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7223" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-27T14:30:49.540" Score="1" ViewCount="6515" Body="&lt;p&gt;With different users I need to log to the same page and with every user I need to send same requests which contain some numbers that I have stored in CSV file (001, 002, 003) in every column one number&#xA;for exmp. I got 3 users in name.surname.a1, name surname.a2, name.surname.a3&#xA;Each if them after log in should send requests with id's that came from CSV. Each user sends reqests with same id's&#xA;So i have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Counter (from 1 to 3) for 3 users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thread group (3 users, loop 1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login Sampler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While controller (condition ${ID})// ID is the CSV variable&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV Data set config (ID variable, Recycle on EOF:true, Stop thread on EOF: true, Sharin mode: All threads)&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP request with ${ID}&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with this I want for exmp&#xA;    user 1 to send the numbers 0001 0002 and 0003&lt;br&gt;&#xA;than &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;user 2 to send the number 0001 0002 and 003&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have problem because either user 1 sends only the first number, user 2 only the second one or even though I have stop on EOF true the loop goes infintly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6427" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:07:37.537" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:07:37.537" Title="Problems with reading from CSV in while condition in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7072" CreationDate="2013-11-27T20:58:41.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The DevOps team certainly needs to closely collab with the QA team.  After all, DevOps is all about tightening feedback loops for developers, visible ops, pipeline process, and reducing time to find/fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA needs to be involved, but they are definitely two different roles in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JP Schneider&#xA;DevOps / Internet Jedi @ Mozilla Foundation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6429" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-07T21:16:28.190" LastActivityDate="2013-12-07T21:16:28.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7225" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-28T15:43:18.783" Score="11" ViewCount="7792" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been reading alot about automated acceptance testing. However, I have not found any information about how to manage external dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say you have a web application that acts like a UI for various central business applications which expose services in different technologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The web application also has some reasonable amount of own business logic, but it's really related to the application and not to the core business of the company, all of that is handled by central services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is that trying to write an automated acceptance tests on the &quot;real&quot; system would yield to two main problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's not possible to guarantee that a given dataset for the core systems will remain unaltered (maybe not even coherent anymore) the next time it's needed by the test. Adjusting it via direct data injection is not an option (too complex), adjusting via service calls is possible but will only cover the most common issues, meaning that it's always possible that someone will have to check tests to see what happened to the dataset (or analyze if it's a code issue).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's also not possible to guarantee a stable development environment. At the end, other systems might be testing some features so central systems become unavailable or unreliable at least. One option is to run the test against a more stable environment (QA, Preproduction), but if the development depends on some change of a central service, we would loose the &quot;quick feedback&quot; nature of acceptance tests in agile development.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, having these issues, it occured to me that if the team would already test all the services with automated integration tests against coherence at least, we could trust in the communication layer and in the input/output maps of the services we call. At least an error in these tests would clearly point at the problem (connection with the service or coherence of the service). We could skip the part of depending on business logic which is not on our side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, we could mock the service layers on acceptance tests so that we isolate the behaviour of our application from the environment and focus to test what our system does and avoid having to validate the proper behaviour of other entities where we don't have direct control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I am unable to find any literature from the widely known agile gurus on this subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be great to hear if someone has had success on such an approach, hear why such an approach would be moronic, or find some reading of similar approaches...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6345" LastEditorUserId="6345" LastEditDate="2013-11-29T08:41:52.830" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T15:20:06.977" Title="To mock or not to mock with 'Automated Acceptance Tests'" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7226" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-11-29T08:36:15.410" Score="2" ViewCount="2680" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am evaluating between specflow vs fitnesse with respect to BDD. I would like to find:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fitnesse allows the user to pass inputs through excel. Specflow provides any similar functionality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fitnesse allows to setup the initial master data through tables to use across all tests. How Specflow supports this usecase?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6436" LastEditorUserId="6146" LastEditDate="2013-11-29T13:49:07.707" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T09:43:27.653" Title="specflow vs fitnesse" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7225" CreationDate="2013-11-29T08:50:13.867" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &quot;acceptance tests&quot; and &quot;mocking services layers&quot; don't go along. My feeling is that when you do acceptance/functional testing, then you run your whole system in a manner close to the way it will be used although you try to do it in a QA/preprod environment to be confident of the state of your system. If, for the reasons you mention, you can not do that, and want to focus your tests on one component (the web app) without having the services running, then you will have to dig a little bit in the source code of your front end and it becomes a component-testing activity that could probably be better achieved by the development team of the web app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a slightly similar situation than you and we decided to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;component tests&quot; of the UI using QUnit and sinon.js as a mocking library (so that we don't need the services/backend running)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;end-2-end / acceptance testing&quot; of the whole system using Selenium on QA environment that are similar to production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not exactly answering your question, but might help you anyway&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T08:50:13.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7226" CreationDate="2013-11-29T11:28:16.967" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Specflow and Fitnesse approach the process of testing in two different ways. The process of passing different inputs into your tests is very much a way of &lt;em&gt;exploring&lt;/em&gt; the functionality of what the system &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; do. BDD however is all about defining scenarios that define exactly what the system &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, I would suggest the execution pattern for these processes differs. FitNesse doesn't seem to support automated executiuon of the tests, you have to manually click the test button. SpecFlow tests are usually run following every build as a verification that the system is correctly adhering to its scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the feeling that you are used to FitNesse and your questions really feel like you  are trying to work out how to get SpecFlow to work like FitNesse. Instead of that, I'd suggest that you will learn a lot more if you try it out and follow some of the initial examples through before you worry about the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-1. With any line from a SpecFlow scenario, it is bound to a line of code, so &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  When I want to multiply 3 x 2&#xA;  When I want to multiply 10 x 5&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could both be bound to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[When(&quot;I want to multiply (\d+) x (\d+)&quot;)]&#xA;public void WhenIwantToMultiply(int x, int y)&#xA;....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-2. As you can imagine from the the above typing things long hand leads to patterns that could easily be representated tabularly, and SpecFlow uses Outlines and examples to handle this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario Outline: eating&#xA;  Given there are &amp;lt;start&amp;gt; cucumbers&#xA;  When I eat &amp;lt;eat&amp;gt; cucumbers&#xA;  Then I should have &amp;lt;left&amp;gt; cucumbers&#xA;&#xA;  Examples:&#xA;    | start | eat | left |&#xA;    |  12   |  5  |  7   |&#xA;    |  20   |  5  |  15  |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example stolen from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Scenario-Outlines&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Scenario-Outlines&lt;/a&gt; where there is far more detail&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6146" LastEditorUserId="6146" LastEditDate="2015-02-26T09:43:27.653" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T09:43:27.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7072" CreationDate="2013-11-29T12:08:09.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMO, if you've got a separate QA dept, look for how you can break down silos between yourself and dev first!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is great benefit to be had from testers talking to Ops people. DevOps is the cool word right now, but the key principle is that silos can hurt productivity.  Seth Eliot did a great talk at TestBash 2 on how testing/monitoring in production can give you really valuable test information: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/2013/04/testbash-video-testing-in-production-do-it-where-it-counts-seth-eliot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/2013/04/testbash-video-testing-in-production-do-it-where-it-counts-seth-eliot/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've worked as an embedded tester in a team where the devs were also responsible for ops. It was a great experience, but so is working as an embedded tester in a team where Ops is nominally a separate team, but you still talk. It's the collaboration that's important. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-01T00:41:28.323" LastActivityDate="2013-12-01T00:41:28.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="205" CreationDate="2013-11-29T13:49:44.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acceptance testing is the final step of validating your product. There are certain advantages of acceptance testing. In fact I've got a guest post on importance of acceptance testing, hope might be useful and could be a good add to this question. Here's the link to article &lt;a href=&quot;http://qainsights.com/what-is-acceptance-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://qainsights.com/what-is-acceptance-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2013-11-29T13:49:44.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2013-11-30T01:37:25.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will add to the above answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pays attention to details.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6037" LastActivityDate="2013-11-30T01:37:25.257" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-11-30T01:37:25.257" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="214" CreationDate="2013-11-30T14:08:50.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Found this tip on screenshots useful. Kindly Check - &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/16-take-screenshot-on-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/16-take-screenshot-on-failure&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2013-11-30T14:08:50.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7223" CreationDate="2013-11-30T14:37:48.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to try a simpler way - 3 users with 3 loops in a thread group. So each user will send all 3 values from CSV file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your test will look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thread group (3 users, 3 loops) &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65138-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6442" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-30T15:46:30.377" LastActivityDate="2013-12-30T15:46:30.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7225" CreationDate="2013-11-30T17:22:34.070" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would agree with Laurent, and we have faced a very similar situation. Our team tests the APIs for data transport and parsing. The developer unit/component level tests were all against mock objects and data stores. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit tests are not always comprehensive so we built a 'fake server' to emulate various web services that we used for running additional functional tests. The pros of this approach are control over the data (contacts, feeds, photos, etc), and the ability to simulate network errors via fault injection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, while a fake server is good for evaluating raw functionality in a isolated environment, it doesn't test how the software performs and functions end-to-end in the &quot;real world.&quot; The point of acceptance testing is to evaluate the software in a 'real-world' situation similar to what the customers will experience; and that is the biggest advantage of going against real servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the down-sides of going against real services is that some of your tests may become unreliable. Some sporadic issues dealing with real services can be overcome by re-designing the automated tests. For example, ping the service before the test begins to make sure it is running and abort the test if it is not ready after a brief period of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we still use a mix of both approaches, but our growing suite of customer scenario tests (acceptance tests) and our performance tests are now going against real servers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-11-30T17:22:34.070" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7238" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-02T11:41:02.413" Score="1" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a method &lt;strong&gt;Fetch&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;GetExchangeRate&lt;/strong&gt; and method &lt;strong&gt;FetchOnDemand&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;FetchOnDemand&lt;/em&gt; checkds if &lt;em&gt;Fetch&lt;/em&gt; is not called during one day it calls it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;GetExchangeRate&lt;/em&gt; calls &lt;em&gt;FetchOnDemand&lt;/em&gt; first then does its particular job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I test a &lt;em&gt;FetchOnDemand&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5024" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T00:07:47.680" Title="Unit test for method block that will occur daily" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7238" CreationDate="2013-12-02T15:21:18.530" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you are asking how to test code that is time-dependent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One strategy is to refactor the code under test so that you control the definition of the current time.  For example, in Java, instead of calling &lt;code&gt;System.currentTimeMillis()&lt;/code&gt;, you might call a method on a &quot;time provider&quot; interface.  The default to implementation of that interface would call &lt;code&gt;System.currentTimeMillis()&lt;/code&gt;.  For test purposes, you would use a test implementation that would return a time that  you would control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another strategy is to provide a way to override your reference time.  Suppose your code looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Fetch() {&#xA;    fetch something;&#xA;    lastFetchTime = current time;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;FetchOnDemand() {&#xA;   if (lastFetchTime is at least a day ago) {&#xA;      Fetch();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you add a &lt;code&gt;SetLastFetchTime()&lt;/code&gt; method, your test can control &lt;code&gt;lastFetchTime&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-12-05T00:07:47.680" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T00:07:47.680" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7238" CreationDate="2013-12-02T19:28:57.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a great article on the subject that I've found very comprehensive and helpful. It's great for starting the conversation with your development team to make these sorts of things more test-friendly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/nonDeterminism.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Eradicating Non-Determinism in Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-12-02T19:28:57.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7243" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7287" CreationDate="2013-12-03T11:17:50.373" Score="0" ViewCount="521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to measure the performance of the functional testing.  I was following the tutorial in the following link &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwareishard.com/blog/firebug/automate-page-load-performance-testing-with-firebug-and-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwareishard.com/blog/firebug/automate-page-load-performance-testing-with-firebug-and-selenium/&lt;/a&gt; .  While trying to run the test in IDE it is not executing and says class not found. can some one give a sample running code of it. Thank you in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5705" LastActivityDate="2019-09-08T08:43:05.383" Title="Unable to use firebug performance tester with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;firebug&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2013-12-03T17:54:23.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think by now you have all your answers.&#xA;But if you have not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to properly do a QA on your Mobile Application. You need the real devices. That is the most perfect way to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't then next best thing would be to use cloud based testing providers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are still convinced about stickiing to the emulator scenario. Then..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Android&lt;/strong&gt;: Android SDK emulator is your best choice. All the other emulators you will get are designed for some specific person or other. But none for testing. Apart from the original stock emulator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For iOS Device&lt;/strong&gt;: I must try to convince you to either get a iOS device itself. Or a MAC. The best emulator (and arguable the only authentic) you will get is the one that comes with xcode. Anything else is really not recommendable for any kind of QA.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2623" LastActivityDate="2013-12-03T17:54:23.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7246" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-03T21:47:55.957" Score="3" ViewCount="2662" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a suite of web tests in Python using Selenium. Ultimately, I want to generate a file with the results, which will then be sent out in an email. I'm using a main Python script to kick off all of the test scrips, and then the email script afterwards. When a test successfully runs (through the shell), I get a message in the terminal like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;Ran 1 test in 15.566s&#xA;&#xA;OK&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This ^ ^ ^ is what I want written to a file, but after trying multiple methods I can't get it to write the results. I can't figure out where Selenium does this within the Python script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have experience with this/have an idea how to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6459" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T16:51:28.803" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T16:51:28.803" Title="Selenium Python testing: would like to write test results to a file" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7150" CreationDate="2013-12-04T00:05:23.130" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears that you would benefit by using &lt;strong&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt;.   To me, from my experience, it appears from your stack trace that your issue with Selenium IDE might be having a version compatability issue with the newest Firefox 35.   I use Selenium Builder all the time and I don't have issues with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way you might solve this is by upgrading to Selenium 2.42.2 or higher and see if the browser issue resolves itself.  The problem with staying on an older version of Selenium (2.35 in your case) is that you never know when a newer browser update might cause a quirk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2014-06-28T17:22:50.263" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T17:22:50.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7246" CreationDate="2013-12-04T00:38:25.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems you may not be accustomed to piping. No worries, it was new to everyone at some point. By using the shell to call your tests, you're mostly there already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A key thing here is that anything that get's written to your terminal can be &quot;piped&quot; into a file that you name. If you are seeing those results in your terminal, then you can route them to a file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;echo &quot;hello world&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will cause the terminal to print &quot;hello world&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same example, now piped to a file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;echo &quot;hello world&quot; &amp;gt; ./helloworld.txt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will cause &quot;hello world&quot; to be placed inside a file named helloworld.txt (in your working directory, which is what the &quot;./&quot; represents)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to get your python script to do this, just do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;python my_python_script.py &amp;gt; ./my_test_results.txt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following examples should work in Windows CMD and Linux Bash shells (not sure which shell you are using). Also, if you don't know your working directory type &quot;cd&quot; in CMD or &quot;pwd&quot; in Bash to have it printed in the terminal. Then go to that folder and find the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T00:38:25.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7250" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:03:13.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coverage measures the amount of testing done of a certain type. It is always in relation to some kind of measure, for example: statement coverage, branch coverage, etc. (Not restricted to code coverage).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further reading: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cem Kaner's &quot;The Impossibility of Complete Testing&quot; is helpful for anyone being asked for &quot;100% test coverage&quot;:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/impossible.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/impossible.pdf&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also worth reading is his &quot;Software Negligence and Testing Coverage&quot;:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.badsoftware.com/coverage.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.badsoftware.com/coverage.htm&lt;/a&gt; (the appendix lists 101 different coverage measures).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brian Marick has some wise warnings in &quot;How to misuse code coverage&quot;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.exampler.com/testing-com/writings/coverage.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.exampler.com/testing-com/writings/coverage.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And Michael Bolton on: &quot;Finding bugs vs coverage&quot; &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/presentations/FindingBugsVersusCoverage.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/presentations/FindingBugsVersusCoverage.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:03:13.753" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:03:13.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7251" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:03:13.753" Score="0" Body="Coverage measures the amount of testing done of a certain type. It is always in relation to some kind of measure, for example: statement coverage, branch coverage, etc. (Not restricted to code coverage)." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:03:13.753" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:03:13.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7252" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:20:37.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Further reading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Karen N Johnson, The Mobile Environment: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/2011/11/the-mobile-environment/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/2011/11/the-mobile-environment/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A three part series from Jonathan Kohl on creating a physical test lab:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kohl.ca/2012/creating-a-test-lab-for-mobile-apps-testing-part-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.kohl.ca/2012/creating-a-test-lab-for-mobile-apps-testing-part-1/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kohl.ca/2012/creating-a-test-lab-for-mobile-apps-testing-part-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.kohl.ca/2012/creating-a-test-lab-for-mobile-apps-testing-part-2/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kohl.ca/2012/creating-a-test-lab-for-mobile-apps-testing-part-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.kohl.ca/2012/creating-a-test-lab-for-mobile-apps-testing-part-3/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:20:37.393" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:20:37.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7253" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:20:37.393" Score="0" Body="Issues related to testing on mobile devices (smartphones, tablets)." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T15:20:16.840" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T15:20:16.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7254" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:31:38.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Android is a mobile OS (operating system) created by Google. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The official Android site: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.android.com/meet-android/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.android.com/meet-android/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also an Android enthusiasts StackExchange: &lt;a href=&quot;https://android.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://android.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="7154" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T15:51:53.783" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T15:51:53.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7255" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:31:38.087" Score="0" Body="For questions related to testing Google's Android operating system." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T15:20:32.370" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T15:20:32.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7256" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:33:09.280" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:33:09.280" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:33:09.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7257" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:33:09.280" Score="0" Body="SDET stands for Software Development Engineer in Test" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:33:09.280" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:33:09.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7258" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:40:30.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;SenseTalk is a high-level scripting language based on HyperTalk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A reference manual is available on the TestPlant site:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.testplant.com/?q=content/sensetalk-reference&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.testplant.com/?q=content/sensetalk-reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:40:30.313" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:40:30.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7259" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:40:30.313" Score="0" Body="SenseTalk is a high-level scripting language, used in the Eggplant tool." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:40:30.313" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:40:30.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7260" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:49:22.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestLink is a web-based test management system that facilitates software quality assurance. It is developed and maintained by Teamtest. The platform offers support for test cases, test suites, test plans, test projects and user management, as well as various reports and statistics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testlink.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testlink.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TestLink&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TestLink&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T12:17:06.027" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T12:17:06.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7261" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:49:22.387" Score="0" Body="A web-based test management tool." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:49:22.387" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:49:22.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7262" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:51:36.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a simple mechanism for adding style (e.g., fonts, colors, spacing) to Web documents. &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/Overview.en.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/Overview.en.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:51:36.270" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:51:36.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7263" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:51:36.270" Score="0" Body="Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a simple mechanism for adding style (e.g., fonts, colors, spacing) to Web documents. " OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:51:36.270" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:51:36.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7264" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:55:04.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt; is a GUI test automation framework for testing of desktop, web-based and mobile applications. Ranorex is used with Windows OS and it is using standard programming languages such as C# and VB.NET as a base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Main features:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI Object Recognition - RanoreXPath for identification/filtering of all types of GUI elements. Ranorex Spy provides the mapping information of GUI elements to their RanoreXPath expression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object-based Capture/Replay functionality (called Ranorex Recorder), which provides maintainable recordings via an actions table editor, transforms recorded actions into C# and VB.NET code and generates detailed report files for quick error detection.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Automation Library for .NET&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Development Environment (called Ranorex Studio) makes code completion, debugging and test project management possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flexible Test Automation Interface: Test Automation within specific test environments is possible. Test suites with Ranorex results in .EXE files for simple integration into existing environments such as test management tools, continuous integration processes or batch execution scenarios. They can be easily run by launching the .EXE file from the command line.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;System environment&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ranorex supports the following platforms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 2003 Server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows XP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows Vista&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 2008 Server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 7&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 2012 Server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T12:29:34.837" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T12:29:34.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7265" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:55:04.427" Score="0" Body="Ranorex is a GUI test automation framework for testing of desktop, web-based and mobile applications. Ranorex is used with Windows OS and it is using standard programming languages such as C# and VB.NET as a base." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T12:29:37.493" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T12:29:37.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7266" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:58:46.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;NUnit is a unit-testing framework for all .Net languages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.nunit.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:58:46.193" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:58:46.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7267" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-04T13:58:46.193" Score="0" Body="NUnit is a unit-testing framework for all .Net languages" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-04T13:58:46.193" LastActivityDate="2013-12-04T13:58:46.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7270" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-05T08:04:18.823" Score="2" ViewCount="14287" Body="&lt;p&gt;Getting below error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Window does not exist. If this looks like a Selenium bug, make sure to read &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.html#alerts-popups-and-multiple-windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.html#alerts-popups-and-multiple-windows&lt;/a&gt; for potential workarounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's like when I click on the lookup icon a new window opens and when I select some value there and the page redirects of the active page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This scenario I'm not able to achieve through IDE automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6467" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T08:38:33.537" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T08:38:33.537" Title="Testing the popup with Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-03-14T17:49:07.347" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7270" CreationDate="2013-12-05T09:39:41.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use Java AWT Robot class to handle the scenario. using this class you can perform mouse actions on basis of screen coordinates or you can use &lt;strong&gt;AutoIT&lt;/strong&gt; to automate this process for handling windows popup which cannot be done by selenium itself because it works only on web elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6159" LastActivityDate="2013-12-05T09:39:41.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-06T02:40:37.137" Score="5" ViewCount="2983" Body="&lt;p&gt;My B.Sc in computer science 25 yrs back. I worked as a senior programmer for 14 yrs. I was doing programming in VB 5,SQL and Crystal report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of the family situation I had to stay home for the past 10 yrs to take care of the family. I want to go back to work now and would like to get into to QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do I need to know with my back ground? Is there a book that I could study on my own, or a class (not too expensive) that I could follow? Any suggestion please. I haven't done any programming for the last 9 yrs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6474" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:41:58.730" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T00:52:16.913" Title="How to become a QA analyst faster with my background" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7243" CreationDate="2013-12-06T09:15:53.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is &quot;performance of the functional testing&quot;? Are you trying to test performance of server, so use JMeter (or smth. like that). Performance of client -- then I would look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://yslow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://yslow.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2013-12-06T09:15:53.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7277" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-06T10:03:04.597" Score="1" ViewCount="1571" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for all test cases in the TestLab which have solved defects and don't have the run status 'passed'. To do this, I used the dashboard and build the following report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT BG_BUG_ID,&#xA;BG_STATUS,&#xA;BG_PRIORITY,&#xA;BG_RESPONSIBLE,&#xA;LINK.LN_LINK_ID,&#xA;LINK.LN_BUG_ID,&#xA;LINK.LN_ENTITY_TYPE,&#xA;LINK.LN_ENTITY_ID,&#xA;LN_TESTCYCL_ID,&#xA;TC_CYCLE_ID,&#xA;TC_TEST_ORDER,&#xA;TC_STATUS,&#xA;TS_NAME,&#xA;TS_STATUS,&#xA;TS_EXEC_STATUS&#xA;from (BUG LEFT JOIN LINK ON BG_BUG_ID = LN_BUG_ID )&#xA;LEFT JOIN V_LINK_TESTCYCL on LINK.LN_BUG_ID = V_LINK_TESTCYCL.LN_BUG_ID&#xA;LEFT JOIN CYCLE ON LINK.LN_ENTITY_ID = CY_CYCLE_ID&#xA;LEFT JOIN TESTCYCL on V_LINK_TESTCYCL.LN_TESTCYCL_ID = TC_TESTCYCL_ID&#xA;left join test on tc_test_id = ts_test_id&#xA;&#xA;Where&#xA;&#xA;BG_STATUS IN ('100 - closed')&#xA;and  BUG.BG_RESPONSIBLE = 'myName' /*Defect.Assigned  to*/&#xA;and  TS_EXEC_STATUS IN ('Passed', 'No Run')&#xA;ORDER BY BG_BUG_ID&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it does not work. &#xA;Can anyone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6475" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-07T17:54:57.920" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T19:17:20.790" Title="Looking for failed test runs with a solved defects, to do a retest" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7275" CreationDate="2013-12-06T12:34:48.843" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used the german books, so I hope these are the original ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1408044056&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Foundation level&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1933952199&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Advanced level&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The  ISTQB certification is a good entry point for the testing world&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6475" LastActivityDate="2013-12-06T12:34:48.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7277" CreationDate="2013-12-06T19:08:21.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe I'm misunderstanding, but is the difference here that the requirement is &lt;strong&gt;not passed&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...don't have the run status 'passed'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the query looks for &lt;strong&gt;is passed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TS_EXEC_STATUS IN ('Passed', 'No Run')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you change that line to omit the 'Passed' string, do you get the desired results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;eg&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TS_EXEC_STATUS IN ('No Run')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-12-06T19:08:21.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7275" CreationDate="2013-12-06T20:06:55.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;More and more organizations are leveraging Big Data solutions. I've seen an increase in the demand for QA Professionals that can deliver ETL validation, which may be a great fit for you given the emphasis on SQL. Even MapReduce solutions like Hadoop offer decent SQL interfaces to continue leveraging that skill set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this sounds appealing to you, I would recommend reading up on Data Quality and Data Warehousing.&#xA;There are two schools of thought on warehousing (religious war to some, beware):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1118530802&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Data Warehouse Toolkit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0764599445&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Building the Data Warehouse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever path you choose, I wish you the best of luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-12-06T20:06:55.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7282" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7347" CreationDate="2013-12-06T20:54:38.277" Score="5" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm analyzing a PHP code using Sonarqube, and I've noticed that in almost all files I have this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Each PHP statement must be on a line by itself&quot; &#xA;(DisallowMultipleStatementsSameLine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I check this files seems that there is no error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in this file the error is raised:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?php&#xA;/**&#xA; * Category of the question&#xA; */&#xA;class Category {&#xA;    public $categoryId;&#xA;    public $name;&#xA;}&#xA;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4845" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:41:46.177" Title="&quot;Each PHP statement must be on a line by itself&quot; Sonarqube pattern error" Tags="&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7275" CreationDate="2013-12-07T03:29:12.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of this depends on what you remember and how fast you can refresh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a book point of view I would highly suggest &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/ehxta/explore-it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Explore It!&lt;/a&gt; by Elisabeth Hendrickson. This will give you a firm foundation in manual testing, which is the foundation of all good testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coming back to Software as a tester might work, you will soon realize that the world wants lots of testers to test Web Applications. Given that, anything you can learn in the area of automated testing of web sites with tools like Selenium will be very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not to discourage you at all, but it's possible that employers will be very caution hiring someone that has no recent SW development or SW testing experience. So in addition to your studies in Software testing you could create that experience by joining a Open Source Project and start creating tests for them. Over time that will serve to convince your new employers that you have the skills and are ready to contribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Attending local User groups would help you build a network and there you will get a much better picture than from these short StackExchange answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best of luck to your return back to Software Engineering. Lots of adventure await for you here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastEditorUserId="536" LastEditDate="2013-12-07T09:05:35.227" LastActivityDate="2013-12-07T09:05:35.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7284" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-07T04:35:44.970" Score="3" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I deleted some Business components and consolidated tests in Quality center. Then I consolidated them again and created the Business components back. Now, the status of those testscripts got changed to Outdated. I checked each and every component in the script (right mouse click and go to the component) and they all exist. So don't know why it's outdated. Tried changing it to Ready status manually. But when I refresh, it changes back to Outdated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to fix this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6482" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T00:17:20.717" Title="Test status got changed to 'Outdated' in Quality Center. How to change to Ready?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7284" CreationDate="2013-12-07T22:54:02.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quality center has possibility to redefine the workflow of any group of records, therefore it is hard to say what you should do. Probably you do not have the possibility to change it, indicating you are not an administrator of the project, so you should ask your administrator what is next step in the workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can only guess, that the record has date of planned solution and this is not set to the future. You or your test manager should change something to unlock the constraint in your workflow.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2013-12-07T22:54:02.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1884" CreationDate="2013-12-07T23:05:40.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;great tool for SAP could be Tosca test Suite, just a bit more expensive than others. Nothing that SAP guys can't bear. In advance, there is a great Test data management and easiest automation I ever have seen. When you reconsider the sustainability of automated tests in continuous development (scripts in other automated tools should be often repaired or rewritten, but this is not how Tosca works), Tosca is a good choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Our team just successfully automated the &lt;strong&gt;SAP GUI&lt;/strong&gt; project with a Robot Framework. We struggle a bit with old fashion &lt;code&gt;frameset&lt;/code&gt;s in the beginning but finally succeed. SAP GUI is old fashion code full of tables, but on the other hand, each object has a unique ID with some rubbish numbers inside and we build a framework for each type of the GUI element, using &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; keyword of the XPath. Fine for most implementations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2018-06-09T08:07:20.963" LastActivityDate="2018-06-09T08:07:20.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7243" CreationDate="2013-12-09T10:03:38.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My problem got solved by referring to the following link &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumworks.blogspot.in/2013/12/selenium-performance-testing-netexport.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumworks.blogspot.in/2013/12/selenium-performance-testing-netexport.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially I was using the default webdriver firefox, without user profiles. When I was unable to invoke firebug, I switched to use firefox with profiles. Since I did that, firebug is working &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5705" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-08-20T11:37:31.750" LastActivityDate="2019-08-20T11:37:31.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7295" CreationDate="2013-12-09T15:29:01.247" Score="2" ViewCount="5356" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently updated selenium Webdriver to 2.38.1 and I am writing scripts using python.&#xA;When I run the test case I have I get the following error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Traceback (most recent call last):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File &quot;C:/Users/xrankum/PycharmProjects/Automation Practice/Create Prepaid Data Susbcription.py&quot;, line 4, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;from selenium import  webdriver&#xA;&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\__init__.py&quot;, line 18, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;from .firefox.webdriver import WebDriver as Firefox&#xA;&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py&quot;, line 26, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.firefox.extension_connection import ExtensionConnection&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\extension_connection.py&quot;, line 22, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection import RemoteConnection&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\remote_connection.py&quot;, line 21, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;import httplib&#xA;&#xA;ImportError: No module named 'httplib'*&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My tests were running perfectly until I updated to the new version of selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me how to resolve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6164" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-07-15T08:11:19.203" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T18:51:55.523" Title="ImportError: No module named 'httplib'" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7289" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7302" CreationDate="2013-12-09T17:02:33.337" Score="2" ViewCount="1857" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to change an Insight image during the execution of a test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way, I can have a single object in my object repository, for example &quot;AbstractInsightObj&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking to do something like what I have described below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PseudoCode:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AbstractInsightObj.Click  'Clicks object A&#xA;AbstractInsightObj.ChangeImage(&quot;C:/pictureOfImageB.jpg&quot;)&#xA;AbstractInsightObj.Click  'Clicks object B&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am aware I can create two seperate Insight Objects in the repository, but for my use case, it would be simpler if I could just reuse one repository object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any insight? (no pun intended)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6324" LastEditorUserId="6324" LastEditDate="2013-12-09T18:22:31.363" LastActivityDate="2018-12-13T14:25:39.473" Title="(QTP / UFT) How to change an Insight image during execution?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7290" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-09T17:10:01.533" Score="7" ViewCount="726" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an automated testing program in Perl.  When it is launched on Windows, it has pop-up windows, like Windows cmd console or SunAwtFrame, and I keep losing input focus.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to watch my test for hours, instead I want to use my 12-core machine to do something else concurrently.  My question is that can I hide/block the test GUI windows, or put all test processes in background (no GUI interruptions)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried to use virtual desktops to hide my test pop-up Windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;a href=&quot;http://virtuawin.sourceforge.net/&quot;&gt;VituaWin&lt;/a&gt; won't work for my case. All pop-up windows are shown on the current display desktop, not the original starting desktop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, &lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/cc817881.aspx&quot;&gt;Windows Sysinternals Desktop.exe&lt;/a&gt; seems to be a good candidate. It can hide all my test pop-ups in its starting desktop.  However, I failed to automate the process; I did not find a way to use Win32::GuiTest and Windows Desktop API to launch apps from a different desktop.   (This may explain why Sysinternal Desktop.exe does not offer such capability in their manual page.)  Any help on this method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me what left on the table is to block GUI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two options I can think of.  First is to convert my perl test program into a Windows service, and launch tests in non-GUI mode.  Second, install ssh-service on my Windows, and launch tests without X forwarding (via opensshd, or other ssh services). I personally prefer the second option (it also paves the way for distributed testing).  Any recommendation/suggestion is highly appreciated on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6490" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T10:06:02.450" Title="How to hide/block pop-up windows of my tests on Windows" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7288" CreationDate="2013-12-09T19:08:48.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When looking at your post I noticed you are using Python 3.3. I'm not sure httplib is supported in 3.3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python.org/2.7/library/internet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;On this 2.7 standard library page&lt;/a&gt;, httplib can be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python.org/3.3/library/internet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;On this 3.3 standard library page&lt;/a&gt;, httplib cannot be found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you tried calling the same script from a Python 2.7 installation and received the same error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T19:08:48.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7290" CreationDate="2013-12-09T19:38:52.840" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;GUI automation is very tricky to say the least. As a general rule of thumb GUI automation demands that the automated test 'know' the machine state at all times. This means that we shouldn't assume that a particular window has focus. If the automation requires a window to have focus it should check to make sure that window has focus and if not set focus to that window. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running your GUI automated tests concurrently on a main, or desktop machine seems very counter-intuitive since your test 'windows' will always want to be in the foreground. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VMs my be another option, but if your functional tests can run successfully and provide you the information you need without having to manipulate the GUI, then IMHO that is a great approach and one we use quite often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T19:38:52.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7290" CreationDate="2013-12-09T19:45:24.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My hunch is what you're looking for is a &quot;QA Environment&quot;, which is just a term to describe a place where testing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast, your normal desktop is more like a &quot;workstation&quot; or perhaps even &quot;Dev Environment&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problems you describe are part of the reason these sorts of tasks are done in different places. Setting up a Virtual Machine on your workstation to house your QA Environment is a great way to get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T19:45:24.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7288" CreationDate="2013-12-09T21:47:09.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure it is supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had the same error using python3, selenium 2.38.1, and ubuntu 13.10.  Here is how I fixed it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While investigating selenium suddenly not working after I upgraded it, I noticed that calling&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pip3 list&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;showed an error as well.  You can see a similar error as to what I had here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1093&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1093&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I uninstalled selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo pip3 uninstall selenium&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ran &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo pip3 install -U distribute&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Confirmed that pip3 list worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Installed selenium again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo pip3 install selenium&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my test works. Hope that helps.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6491" LastActivityDate="2013-12-09T21:47:09.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7296" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7300" CreationDate="2013-12-10T02:20:08.547" Score="1" ViewCount="2280" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between simulation and real time?&#xA;Can simulation time run faster than real time?  Can simulation time run slower than real time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to get a grasp of this concept, all help is much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6493" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-11-17T06:12:10.950" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T06:12:10.950" Title="relation between simulation time and real time?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2013-12-10T05:40:06.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7298" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7299" CreationDate="2013-12-10T02:40:56.463" Score="3" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can the inspection team find a high number of requirement bugs, or no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6493" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T03:27:05.340" Title="What is the percentage of requirement bugs that can be found by an inspection team? Low or High?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2013-12-10T03:29:28.093" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7298" CreationDate="2013-12-10T03:27:05.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, this depends on a number of factors.  What type of bugs are you hoping to find.  Bugs in the requirements, or functionality that doesn't meet the requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for functional bugs based on requirements, of course this can find quite a few.  Developers doing a review can find a high ratio of the low hanging fruit that a tester would otherwise be documenting.  The same goes for what could be considered vulnerabilities or performance inhibitors.  Typically, this number is high, but rarely documented so managers and the like may not see it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're asking about gaps or defects in the requirements, it &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; help, but, again, depends on numerous factors.  One of the largest being the audience of people reviewing.  Developers and testers may find a number of requirements gaps when it comes to the classic  technical requirements.  When it comes to typical business requirements, although a developer may find some gaps, but, this ratio goes up exponentially if they are well versed in the business logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize, if reviewed by a cross disciplined group who know what they're doing, the number of bugs &lt;strong&gt;avoided&lt;/strong&gt; is quite high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T03:27:05.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7296" CreationDate="2013-12-10T03:36:33.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please note, I read this as kind of ambiguous, but, will attempt to answer as best as I can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real time is typically considered to be at the time that the code is running or as the action is happening.  This can also mean that an action only occurs at a set time, and I need to be present to observe the action at that time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simulated time, is, as it means, only simulated.  For example, I could write a method that counts every minute, but then, but in a test method that increments the time of the application by a minute every n seconds.  This can also mean a time that I set arbitrarily.  This could mean changing my system clock or that of my server to observe an action that only occurs at a certain time in almost real circumstances whenever I want, or, that I can arbitrarily change the time set in the code to see if I can observe a certain behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T03:36:33.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7289" CreationDate="2013-12-10T08:52:13.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Insight objects can contain the image either internally (when created during record or learn) or by supplying an image (this is probably what you're looking for). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When supplying an image you need to put in in the test object's &lt;strong&gt;ImgSrc&lt;/strong&gt; property, this can done either by using &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/2478005/3848&quot;&gt;descriptive programming&lt;/a&gt; thus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;InsightObject(&quot;ImgSrc:=C:\pictureOfImageA.jpg&quot;).Click&#xA;InsightObject(&quot;ImgSrc:=C:\pictureOfImageB.jpg&quot;).Click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or by using &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/8699178/3848&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;SetTOProperty&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AbstractInsightObj.Click&#xA;AbstractInsightObj.SetTOProperty &quot;ImgSrc&quot;, &quot;C:\pictureOfImageB.jpg&quot;&#xA;AbstractInsightObj.Click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="909" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T08:52:13.677" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="295" CreationDate="2013-12-10T09:42:22.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a suite working in C# on a heavy javascript application. I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.packtpub.com/selenium-2-testing-tools-beginners-guide/book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium 2 Testing Tools: Beginner's Guide&lt;/a&gt; to be a great resource to figuring out the Page Object Pattern and other important Selenium concepts for writing a clean, informative, modular UI testing suite.  I also recommend to focus on running your tests regularly on all the configurations you wish to test on (all browsers, domain, IE!, etc.) rather than writing as many tests as possible and fixing all the bugs later on other browsers / domains / configurations. Also in a javascript heavy app, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/7312740/1111732&quot;&gt;explicit waits&lt;/a&gt; are your friend, this was a long barrier for me to finally get Selenium to be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T09:42:22.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-10T11:59:55.463" Score="3" ViewCount="804" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying to write a paper where I have to compare process improvement models to implement for a hypothetical avionics software development company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From researching, it seems that CMMI and SPICE are pretty similar and both derived from CMM. The problem I'm having is I'm finding it difficult to distinguish when you would recommend one over another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I've managed to find out that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SPICE is slightly cheaper than CMMI  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SPICE is recognised more in Europe  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CMMI is recognised more in US and required for US military contracts  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CMMI takes longer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything better that can distinguish between these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6497" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:40:11.800" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:40:11.800" Title="What are the advantages of CMMI over ISO 15504 (SPICE), and vice versa?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7275" CreationDate="2013-12-10T13:22:09.577" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given your background and what you've said about wanting to move towards development, I'd suggest the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can download the web developer version (with highly limited functionality) of Visual Studio free. You should be able to get that for VB - which in its current version is likely to still be close enough to VB 5 for you to work fairly easily. Microsoft SQL Server Express is another free download. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This pairing will let you get some work towards refreshing your code and SQL skills, as well as the MS unit test framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the strictly QA front, I'd recommend Joe Strazzere's site (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com&lt;/a&gt;) as a starting point. He has a number of book recommendations, too. There's also The Ministry of Testing (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ministryoftesting.com&lt;/a&gt;) which has some good free ebooks as well as pointers to good books about testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also look at the answers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1669/if-you-could-only-give-one-book-to-a-tester-to-teach-them-about-testing-what-wo/&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; - every book listed is a good one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With VB skills, you could consider searching  for test automation resources. I don't recommend trying QTP for cost reasons, but you could consider Selenium (which is free and has oodles of resources) and can be used with VB. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last thing I'd suggest is looking to some of the crowd-sourced testing projects, like uTest. These will offer occasional open enrollment where anyone can volunteer to test. This will allow you to build up a portfolio of recent experience - and discover whether the QA field is where you want to be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T13:22:09.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7306" CreationDate="2013-12-10T13:34:41.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;SPICE is recognised more in Europe&quot; -&gt; I would not by any means say that. I live and work in Europe and CMMI is far more known and acknowledged than Spice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, for me that's the main reason for choosing CMMI. Both are good approaches to process improvement but CMMI is the de facto standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5139" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T13:34:41.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1216" CreationDate="2013-12-10T13:46:12.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically smoke testing is carried out once the product have been developed to ensure all the functionalities are working fine, whereas sanity testing somewhat for we ensure that the bugs/errors have been removed after the recent changes made in the code. I've been working on this topic and shared a guest post on it. You can get complete difference between them in this article. Hope &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.exploreb2b.com/articles/smoke-testing-vs-sanity-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; might be useful to your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T12:07:46.400" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T12:07:46.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7306" CreationDate="2013-12-10T18:47:25.723" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I apologize for being a bit crass here, but if you are writing a paper to compare the process models and the only thing you came up with so far what amounts to cost, location of acceptance, and time then I think you need to dig in a bit deeper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend comparing the models themselves. What are the similarities and (esp.) the specific differences in the processes and in particular the differences in what is required to recognize improvements in the processes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is &quot;better&quot; is subjective depending on your specific needs, and possibly for regulatory requirements for your fictitious avionics company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2013-12-10T18:47:25.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7327" CreationDate="2013-12-10T23:50:23.837" Score="23" ViewCount="34162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn Selenium, but I don't know what to code. Sure, I can throw Google some queries, I can fill out some forms, press buttons, find divs and links, etc. But I think this stuff is pretty basic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be more &quot;advanced&quot; ideas to try out? Can you give real-life examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6037" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:39:40.873" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:39:40.873" Title="What is a good website to hack around using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="19" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-11T00:05:33.217" Score="2" ViewCount="7587" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing localization. I am running the same URL with other countries in my data provider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML I am looking for is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;learn-more linkable&quot; data-url=&quot;/speakers/minijambox&quot;&amp;gt;En savoir plus&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String storeXpath2=&quot;//a[contains(@href,'&quot;+url2+&quot;')]&quot;;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(storeXpath2)).click();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Learn more link of Mini&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;url I am trying to execute: &lt;code&gt;/speakers/minijambox&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error I am getting unable to find xpath, element or method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6504" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:39:27.033" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:39:27.033" Title="Selenium webdriver - Unable to locate element,xpath,error" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7313" CreationDate="2013-12-11T01:01:02.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The HTML tag you are trying to match has a &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; attribute and a &lt;code&gt;data-url&lt;/code&gt; attribute but not an &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; attribute.  Either you mistyped the HTML tag in your question or you need to change the definition of &lt;code&gt;storeXpath2&lt;/code&gt; to something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String storeXpath2=&quot;//a[contains(@data-url,'&quot;+url2+&quot;')]&quot;;&#xA;                                  ^^^^^^^^ &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T01:01:02.563" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7315" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-11T01:08:03.293" Score="1" ViewCount="1029" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a java application which is running in a browser which seems to be invisible to QTP. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I've not automated for a Java application before so I'm not sure what to expect, but I'd expect more than this.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I use object spy I see one object present (well, three counting the path to the object of interest), &#xA;&lt;code&gt;Browser(...).Page(...).WinObject(&quot;nativeclass:=SunAwtCanvas&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; which I can do nothing with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot interact or see any other objects. What do I need to do? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6165" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:38:59.060" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:38:59.060" Title="QTP is not recognising Java objects" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2013-12-11T03:17:27.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather than looking for sites to practice on, one thing that I've found useful is if you yourself, or with the help of class-mates, work-mates, build one to test with.  This allows you to kind of design your own curriculum as far as learning about the driver and attached frameworks, but, can also give you a good insight into better design patterns and improve your other testing skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T03:17:27.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7321" CreationDate="2013-12-11T09:41:48.137" Score="4" ViewCount="6438" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using WebDriver with Junit 4.11 and I want to assert that a checkbox is not selected by default, and to do that I'm unsure which method to choose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is from the DOM before the checkbox is selected:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; id=&quot;c234&quot; name=&quot;instantAd&quot; value=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;t-checkbox-A&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, once the checkbox becomes selected a 'checked' is added, like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; id=&quot;c234&quot; name=&quot;instantAd&quot; value=&quot;true&quot; checked=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;t-checkbox-A&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement checkBox = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-checkbox-A[name=\&quot;instantAd\&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-checkbox-A[name=\&quot;instantAd\&quot;]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(&quot;null&quot;,checkBox.getAttribute(&quot;checked&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    checkBox.click();&#xA;&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(&quot;true&quot;,checkBox.getAttribute(&quot;checked&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first assertion fails. Perhaps this is because the 'checked' attribute isn't visible in the DOM yet, at a guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stacktrace is displaying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;java.lang.AssertionError: expected: java.lang.String but was: null&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've searched many different posts but none offer me the answer Im looking for, and when checking &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.sourceforge.net/javadoc/org/junit/Assert.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://junit.sourceforge.net/javadoc/org/junit/Assert.html&lt;/a&gt; for info and guidance (as being new to test automation, Im finding it difficult to work out what I need in my constructor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be most appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastEditorUserId="6506" LastEditDate="2013-12-11T10:36:41.800" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T07:35:59.790" Title="Asserting a checkbox is not checked by default in WebDriver with Junit" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7175" CreationDate="2013-12-11T10:33:59.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to share my point of view on mobile testing. I'm an engineer at Neotys, editor of NeoLoad. NeoLoad is a load testing solution designed for web and  mobile applications to realistically simulate users activities and monitor servers behaviors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, mobile testing raises the need to perform different tests. On the device point of view, you can do unit testing, functional testing, and devices compatibility testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About performance, there are two levels:&#xA;- Device: You can easily pick up tools on internet or from device manufacturers to analyze CPU, battery, memory leaks, and network use of your application on a particular device.&#xA;- Overall application chain: Testing the performance of the application and the server is what NeoLoad is designed for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To put in a nutshell, NeoLoad records the network dialog between your application and its front-end server and uses this to generate the same load from thousands or millions of users. In addition to providing you with the evolution of response times, you get insights about your server and the root causes of performance issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NeoLoad records are non-intrusive and you can record any application, either web or native, standard or customized, for any platform in any version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, NeoLoad allows you to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neotys.com/product/network-emulation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;realistically simulate mobile networks&lt;/a&gt; (3G, 3G+, H+, 4G LTE…) from the Cloud or on premise with bandwidth constraints, latency, and packet loss simulation. This integrated capability allows you to check the response times of your mobile users and load your servers under real world conditions, for no additional cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We offer a free 30-day evaluation so that you can try NeoLoad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&#xA;Hervé&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4898" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T10:33:59.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7350" CreationDate="2013-12-11T16:03:34.287" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need a help to know how can I can iterate a loop over a array which is in another function of the same class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using the following similar code for automation in selenium and I get the following error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Test:&#xA;    def array_method1(self, product):&#xA;        self.product = product&#xA;        if product == &quot;First&quot;:&#xA;           group1 = ['A','B','C']&#xA;        elif product == &quot;Second&quot;:&#xA;           group2 = ['C','D','E']&#xA;&#xA;     def iterate_product(self, product):&#xA;        self.product = product&#xA;        for test in self.array_method1(product):&#xA;            browser.find_element_by_name(test).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I called the function as &lt;code&gt;iterate_product('First')&lt;/code&gt; and I got the error as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not iterable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone help me on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6164" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:38:29.707" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:38:29.707" Title="Looping over the array of other function in current function" Tags="&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2013-12-11T16:17:02.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To gain some experience on Selenium, I installed &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; locally and tried to write some scripts through the different screens of the product. I found it a good choice because I could work without a network connexion (install is local, I don't rely on external web site) and when I wanted to show my work or ask for help, the people I would show my work to were familiar with the SUT (because we all use Jenkins down here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T16:17:02.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7317" CreationDate="2013-12-11T16:43:36.203" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the stacktrace it looks to me like the issue is &lt;code&gt;assertEquals&lt;/code&gt; can't compare two different types, in this case a string and a null. I would suggest removing the quotes from &lt;code&gt;&quot;null&quot;&lt;/code&gt; as that's what's causing it to be cast as a string. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you could switch the assert to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertNull(checkBox.getAttribute(&quot;checked&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, in Selenium checkboxes are considered selected, you could also try asserting on that being false&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertFalse(checkBox.isSelected());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5691" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T16:43:36.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7290" CreationDate="2013-12-11T17:50:46.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best choice will be using Virtual Machines for test automation purpose.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can download free Windows Virtual Boxes from Modern IE.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.modern.ie/en-us/virtualization-tools/#downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Download Link Click Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The license agreement does not restrict you to test Desktop or any other applications.  You may install any 3-rd party software.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The only restrictions are:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You’ll have to use those images only for testing purpose. You are not allowed to run the images as production servers.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The image lifetime expires in 90 days. Then you have to delete and restore the VM from scratch.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T10:06:02.450" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T10:06:02.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7317" CreationDate="2013-12-11T19:28:04.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can create a small method to wrap around the getAttribute call&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(Java-ish)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Bool isChecked(Webelement checkbox)&#xA;{&#xA;    if checkBox.getAttribute(&quot;checked&quot;) != Null:&#xA;        return True&#xA;    return False&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(python)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def isChecked(checkbox):&#xA;    return True if checkbox.getAttribute(&quot;checked&quot;) else False&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you can use the Assert in almost the similar way that you are using  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(True,isChecked(checkbox))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastEditorUserId="63" LastEditDate="2013-12-12T00:59:17.603" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T00:59:17.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7313" CreationDate="2013-12-11T22:25:38.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What if you try:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String xpath = //li[@class=&quot;minijambox linkable&quot;]/a[@href=&quot;/speakers/minijambox&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2013-12-11T22:25:38.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2013-12-12T00:42:26.653" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;For hacking WebDriver without real production purpose, you need to find some task that really motivates you.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don’t forget, WebDriver – is not only about test automation, people use the tool (not so widely) for many different purposes: crawling some data from websites, semi-automating real job-related tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, a girlfriend of friend of mine is working for real-estate agency. The part of her job was to update actual ads. She has to find all ads belong to her account, and re-save each on multiple different web-sites.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My friend wrote a Console application with C# and WebDriver which automates those actions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Login to website&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  For each page in the account:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;      Open and resave each ad on the page.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I mentoring new person whom is willing to learn test automation, I give him/her a task to write a program which gathers the trains information (availability and ticket prize) on the Ukrainian Railways website.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://booking.uz.gov.ua/en/&quot;&gt;http://booking.uz.gov.ua/en/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;They have really tricky undocumented prizing; which depends on the days of the week and the amount of time before the departure.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The program should log information about all available trains on the time when it started.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An Airlines Company website is also a good option. You can try this one. It is complicated enough:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lufthansa.com/online/portal/lh/ua/homepage&quot;&gt;http://www.lufthansa.com/online/portal/lh/ua/homepage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can also write a console application which sends new messages to twitter. Of course, it should support image attachments. That could be a good candidate to post on Hacker News.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I haven’t heard someone had done something like that before.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T00:42:26.653" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2754" CreationDate="2013-12-12T01:47:53.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No steak dinner for me and a bit of a general reply but do you have a way in your apps to capture the query/results going to/from the database? We have done a similar thing with SQL Server Analysis Services and then written an application to &quot;replay&quot; the traces and verify the response. Once you have the queries and results in text format (assume that's what the traces show) you can write scripts to vary the queries to test other functionality beyond the original queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6509" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T01:47:53.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7021" CreationDate="2013-12-12T06:45:12.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use xpath finder - Firefox plugin!!!&#xA;Just right click on the element and select &quot;View xpath&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6512" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T06:45:12.163" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7330" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-12T07:38:23.470" Score="5" ViewCount="4361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test an iOS app for in-app purchase functionality. I'm doing it first time and I don't have any idea about it. So anyone please tell me the possible test area of it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6513" LastEditorUserId="1784" LastEditDate="2013-12-12T15:27:52.160" LastActivityDate="2014-01-06T06:06:36.147" Title="How to test an in-app purchase of an iOS app" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7331" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7437" CreationDate="2013-12-12T08:11:42.600" Score="1" ViewCount="2293" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible for us to integrate selenium web driver test with Bugzilla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My intention are as below: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we can integrate web driver with Bugzilla,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can we automatically attach screen shot of failed tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can we record/save the steps that made the bug?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="3104" LastEditDate="2013-12-12T11:30:22.340" LastActivityDate="2014-06-01T11:04:24.353" Title="Is it possible to integrate bugzilla with selenium web driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7331" CreationDate="2013-12-12T09:18:37.373" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't see why this couldn't be done if you have a code driven Selenium test suite.  You would need to implement a method run on test failure that adds a bug to Bugzilla using their HTTP REST API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the first step, if you are using Java, see this answer on taking a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12429793/can-selenium-take-a-screenshot-on-test-failure&quot;&gt;screenshot when selenium fails&lt;/a&gt; and the referenced &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.steeplesoft.com/posts/2012/01/24/grabbing-screenshots-of-failed-selenium-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt;.  You need to similarily create a new rule, except this time to add a bug to Bugzilla (and hopefully any useful information, logging, that would help you make it useful).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then here's an &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3751635/how-to-post-a-bug-using-bugzilla-rest-api&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt; and link to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.mozilla.org/Bugzilla:REST_API:Methods#Create_new_bug_.28.2Fbug_POST.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bugzilla REST API Docs&lt;/a&gt; on how to file a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5247" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T09:18:37.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5698" CreationDate="2013-12-12T22:49:04.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Oracle Test Manager does not have an API, so tests cannot be automatically generated or created that way. OpenScript, however, is a Java program at heart; like Rational Functional Tester, it appears to consist of some interesting Java libraries and a plugin bundled into Eclipse. Therefore, it is very likely you can use any Java-based framework with the OpenScript libraries to broaden your test capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I have learned from poking at OATS and talking to a representative from Oracle, as our company is just starting to use it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T22:49:04.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7330" CreationDate="2013-12-12T23:57:58.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can figure out the possible test area by asking a few questions to your team. Such as how many products should be offered, what their prices are, and if their purchase is restrained in some way (time window, inventory limit, account status, etc). From this you can start making tests that canvas the in-app purchase functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-12-12T23:57:58.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7330" CreationDate="2013-12-13T03:56:40.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly you need to become a member of Apple's developer program, and understand how in app purchase works. As a starting point you should look to Apple's documentation here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/in-app-purchase/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.apple.com/in-app-purchase/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apple provides sandbox environments to facilitate testing, and it is all covered in the documents and past WWDC sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you understand that, you should develop test cases based on your product offerings and verify them with a test account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T03:56:40.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-13T07:43:44.613" Score="9" ViewCount="1001" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in an QA team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do the automated work from the scratch. So many testing methods may be anti-pattern or disobey some discipline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We pay lots of effort on test web pages on our products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our test cases are based on &lt;code&gt;Robot framework&lt;/code&gt; and use the selenium library for testing web pages. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found my members write those code by looking up  the html source code to find the &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; of the &lt;code&gt;DOM element&lt;/code&gt;. (Because some of element in DOM without ID.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even worse, the same function buttons' &lt;code&gt;DOM id&lt;/code&gt; are differs from many product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I just think the way we build the automated testing code is too slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought if there is an tool that can record our all actions'  on web pages and turn it into Robot framework script  or other testing framework scripts is more effective ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there any good tool for the purpose ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We test the &lt;code&gt;.NET&lt;/code&gt; software by auto-it.&#xA;Is there any GUI Software testing tool can cross platforms even on &lt;code&gt;Android&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;iOS&lt;/code&gt; ?&#xA;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6526" LastActivityDate="2021-01-10T06:34:59.217" Title="Recommend Automated test tools for cross platform including IE and .NET software" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7339" CreationDate="2013-12-13T10:07:49.140" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, I think you can use MTAS: msys-tech.com; I am working for the company for a while. The tool should be able to help in various functional testing requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6527" LastEditorUserId="6527" LastEditDate="2013-12-13T11:36:42.540" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T11:36:42.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7339" CreationDate="2013-12-13T11:27:01.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at TestCafe from DevExpress. It provides cross-platform testing in multiple browsers simultaneously. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work on the TestCafe team. I'd love to help you learn more about it and to hear any feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5916" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T11:27:01.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7339" CreationDate="2013-12-13T13:02:20.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you are UI does not change that frequently, it is worth while to investigate on the usage of Sikuli &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T13:02:20.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7345" CreationDate="2013-12-13T15:00:06.027" Score="4" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;The specific tool I am using is Oracle Openscript, part of the Oracle ATS package. However, their web-based component uses xpath-based object identification, so it has a lot in common with other, more popular tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I'm having is that after recording a series of navigation clicks on heavily-styled elements (for example, &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; elements styled to look like buttons using jQuery), a simple playback fails to click on them. It turns the correct element pink, which I believe is OpenScript's way of identifying what it's trying to click, but then times out unless I manually click it. Clearly the click event is failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know record and playback is immensely fragile, so I'm trying to build a library of helper functions I can use to build tests in the future. What methods generally do people use to combat fragility of click methods in tools? Surely there's a better way than just trying in a loop until navigation changes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2013-12-13T20:45:44.230" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T20:45:44.230" Title="How to make clicking more robust in web testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;oracle-ats&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7343" CreationDate="2013-12-13T16:16:14.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do a search on this site for 'wait' - does your tool offer that option? Seems you're clicking before the element us fully loaded/ready so you need a command to wait around until it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T16:16:14.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7343" CreationDate="2013-12-13T17:42:01.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this were Selenium, what I would do is first wait for the element to exist before I tried to operate on it (especially if I'm seeing this problem on IE, seems to be a common annoyance with that browser unfortunately)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rereading your question, I think something like this will solve it. That you can click it manually after the tool loads the page and fails to execute the same click indicates a likely race condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think there is a way to do this with OpenScript, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E24640_01/E15488_05.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this oracle doc&lt;/a&gt;, by setting a separate wait for a particular object like the anchor tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expand the Object Timeout group and set the preferences as follows:&#xA;  Timeout(S): Specifies the maximum number of seconds OpenScript should&#xA;  wait  for an object to appear before considering the object not found.&#xA;  This is the default  timeout when waiting for an object to appear&#xA;  before invoking an action against it.  This is also the default&#xA;  timeout when waiting for an object to appear before  continuing the&#xA;  script.  You can override individual object wait timeouts in&#xA;  waitForPage() or  object.waitFor() by editing their &quot;timeout&quot;&#xA;  properties. Action timeouts  cannot be overridden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2013-12-13T17:42:01.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7282" CreationDate="2013-12-13T23:29:10.497" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you try changing the line endings? Maybe &lt;code&gt;SonarQube&lt;/code&gt; is expecting either &lt;em&gt;linux or windows line endings&lt;/em&gt; and the file was saved with the opposite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5899" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:41:46.177" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:41:46.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2013-12-14T00:33:17.030" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a simple test scenario that should still prove educational:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log in to your webmail provider.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send yourself an email.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the email was received.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete the email.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log out of the email provider.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2013-12-14T00:33:17.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7319" CreationDate="2013-12-15T17:53:24.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your code &lt;code&gt;array_method1&lt;/code&gt; above does not return anything hence it returns &lt;code&gt;None&lt;/code&gt; so you can not iterate through it with the line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for test in self.array_method1(product):&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;array_method1&lt;/code&gt; needs to return like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    self.product = product&#xA;    if product == &quot;First&quot;:&#xA;       result = ['A','B','C']&#xA;    elif product == &quot;Second&quot;:&#xA;       result = ['C','D','E']&#xA;    else:&#xA;       result = []&#xA;    return result&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2013-12-15T17:53:24.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2013-12-16T00:27:59.453" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should never run automated tests against a website for which you don't have permission. The site owner could consider it a denial of service attack or an attempt at hacking. In theory, they could sue you or ask your ISP to drop you. If you do this using a company computer, you could put your company in jeopardy. Don't do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are three sites designed for people to test. I talk about them at &quot;Free Sites For Practicing Your Web Testing&quot; ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/11/sites-for-practicing-your-web-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/11/sites-for-practicing-your-web-testing.html&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ParkCalc Widget&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://adam.goucher.ca/parkcalc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://adam.goucher.ca/parkcalc/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brown &amp;amp; Donaldson (B&amp;amp;D) online brokerage Web site&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bdonline.sqe.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://bdonline.sqe.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Mercury Tours Web Site&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another alternative is to build your own web site, using whatever tools you have at your disposal. I've done something similar to create non-web applications for people to test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Triangle Test #1&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-triangle-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-triangle-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Triangle Test #2&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-triangle-test-2.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/01/wintask-triangle-test-2.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hello World Test&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/02/wintask-hello-world-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2009/02/wintask-hello-world-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T23:54:04.830" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T23:54:04.830" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2013-12-16T11:56:48.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a project called &quot;automated-screenshot-diff&quot;. You should give &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/igorescobar/automated-screenshot-diff&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it a try.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a &lt;strong&gt;npm package&lt;/strong&gt; used to compare images/screenshots. If you take a look at the examples folder you will see an example of how to take those screenshots dynamically with casperjs and then you can compare it using automated-screenshot-diff. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;automated-screenshot-diff&lt;/strong&gt; generates a perceptual diff from &lt;strong&gt;image A&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;image B&lt;/strong&gt; and I think that is pretty much what the question is about. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also... the project is able to generate a comparison report in &lt;strong&gt;JSON&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;HTML&lt;/strong&gt; (to store as a Jenkins Artifact).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Hxg1k.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How it works?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then automated-screenshot-diff will scan your screenshot's folder and calculate differences between your pre-production (stage) release and your production release. All generated image diffs will be in the same directory as your screenshots. If you don't know how to generate those screenshots, take a look at examples folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just take 5 minutes to take a look at the project page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6540" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:05:35.440" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:05:35.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7339" CreationDate="2013-12-16T20:51:28.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many people's first encounter with automation is to start with a record and playback tool.  You quickly learn the limitations of that method because the code it produces is crude and not very maintainable.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do know some people who continue to use a recorder only for the purpose of getting the ID's or other unique identifiers, however there is still a manual process to take the ID's from the generated code and insert it into your own code.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, every browser now has very good built in developer tools that make inspecting an element and finding a unique identifier pretty simple.  I would suggest staying away from recorders as it would likely complicate your process instead of simplify it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:37:44.270" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:37:44.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7356" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-16T22:12:15.047" Score="2" ViewCount="1150" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using following command to create avd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;./android create avd -n YourAndroid -t 12 -c 100M &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have installed all the packages and in the setting I have checked &lt;code&gt;force htpps://..to be fetched using http://&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still the error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using mac and android-19&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone please help me with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6403" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2013-12-17T12:43:11.447" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T12:43:11.447" Title="While creating android AVD I am getting following error .Target id is not valid. Use 'android list targets' to get the target ids" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-03-10T19:54:55.480" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7339" CreationDate="2013-12-17T12:39:07.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I dont think there is any ready-made tool for this purpose. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for record and play, the most stable tool is Hp QTP. Once the script is recorded then you can run the scripts on any browser you want (provided you have installed the required QTP browser patch).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its very simple, if you are interested then you can Google and easily find more details on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6247" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T12:39:07.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7315" CreationDate="2013-12-17T12:57:58.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You must use Java Add-in for QTP to recognize the java objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6247" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T12:57:58.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1216" CreationDate="2013-12-17T13:02:20.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the name suggests-&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke testing-&gt; Here you check your entire system and check if it works fine or has any issues (smoke). This is normally done on stage before deploying the code to prod.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sanity Testing-&gt; Here you do a last minute check. We only test the major functionality and see if the sanity is maintained. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6247" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T13:02:20.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7361" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-17T15:11:00.893" Score="6" ViewCount="27042" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm hoping someone can advise me on some best practices to make my tests more robust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I'm having is that every so often my tests will fail at the point of WebDriver waiting for an expected condition, e.g. &lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(chrome, 10).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;ul.componentList.j-componentList&quot;)));&lt;/code&gt; and I know the element is in the DOM as it will pass more often that not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if I was to run this overnight, it could fail when it would pass 9 times out of 10. But the point Im making is that my code seems a bit weak in places and not as robust as it could be. Where am I going wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've pasted a small snippet of my code to ask where I can make it better so that WebDriver waits and finds the elements before timing out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might notice I have my tests in alphabetical order prefixed with a,b,c, etc. Im using the new annotation type FixMethodOrder, just in case anyone asks why I have them alphabetical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any constructive advice is most welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&#xA;public static void launchBrowser(){&#xA;    String currentDir = System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;);&#xA;    String chromeDriverLocation = currentDir + &quot;/../../tools/chromedriver/chromedriver.exe&quot;;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, chromeDriverLocation);&#xA;&#xA;    chrome = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void aLogin(){&#xA;    chrome.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    chrome.navigate().to(&quot;http://privateweb.com/thisisfordemopurposes&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 10).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type='text'][id='usernameInput']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement usernameField = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type='text'][id='usernameInput']&quot;));&#xA;    usernameField.sendKeys(&quot;fake&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement passwordField = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[id='passwordInput']&quot;));&#xA;    passwordField.sendKeys(&quot;fake&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input#login&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void bSelectBlankProject(){&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 10).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;templateGrid\&quot;]/li[2]/img[1]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement item1 = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;templateGrid\&quot;]/li[2]/img[1]&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement item2 = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;templateGrid\&quot;]/li[2]/img[2]&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement item3 = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;templateGrid\&quot;]/li[2]/header/span&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement item4 = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;templateGrid\&quot;]/li[2]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    Actions click = new Actions(chrome);&#xA;    click.moveToElement(item1).moveToElement(item2).moveToElement(item3).moveToElement(item4).click().build().perform();&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Blank Project has been selected&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void cDragCloseButtonOnToTheCanvas(){&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 10).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;ul.componentList.j-componentList&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement listContainerClose = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;componentsDiv\&quot;]/div/div/div&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement componentListClose = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;componentsDiv\&quot;]/div/div/div/ul&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement closeButton = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;componentsDiv\&quot;]/div/div/div/ul/li[2]&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement componentThumb = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;componentsDiv\&quot;]/div/div/div/ul/li[2]/div[1]&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement imageHolderCloseButton = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;componentsDiv\&quot;]/div/div/div/ul/li[2]/div[1]/div&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement componentNameCloseButton = chrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;componentsDiv\&quot;]/div/div/div/ul/li[2]/div[2]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement canvas = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div#page-c3&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    Actions dragAndDrop = new Actions(chrome);&#xA;&#xA;    dragAndDrop.clickAndHold(closeButton)&#xA;            .moveToElement(listContainerClose)&#xA;            .moveToElement(componentListClose)&#xA;            .moveToElement(componentThumb)&#xA;            .moveToElement(imageHolderCloseButton)&#xA;            .moveToElement(componentNameCloseButton)&#xA;            .moveToElement(canvas)&#xA;            .release().perform();&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement draggableCloseButton = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.t-componentImg-A.component.closeButtonComponent.draggableComponent.ui-draggable&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(&quot;closeButton&quot;, draggableCloseButton.getAttribute(&quot;data-type&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA; @Test&#xA;public void dRenamingCloseButtonComponent(){&#xA;    WebElement name = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-textInput-A[name=\&quot;name\&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-textInput-A[name=\&quot;name\&quot;]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    String selectAll = Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, &quot;a&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    name.sendKeys(selectAll);&#xA;    name.clear();&#xA;    name.sendKeys(&quot;Close me&quot;);&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Close me&quot;, name.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Renamed the close button to something else&quot;);&#xA;} &#xA;@Test&#xA;public void eMoveComponent(){&#xA;    String selectAll = Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, &quot;a&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-textInput-A.number[name=\&quot;x\&quot;]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement xAxis = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-textInput-A.number[name=\&quot;x\&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;    xAxis.sendKeys(selectAll);&#xA;    xAxis.clear();&#xA;    xAxis.sendKeys(&quot;240&quot;);&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(&quot;240&quot;,xAxis.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;) );&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-textInput-A.number[name=\&quot;y\&quot;]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement yAxis = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-textInput-A.number[name=\&quot;y\&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;    yAxis.sendKeys(selectAll);&#xA;    yAxis.clear();&#xA;    yAxis.sendKeys(&quot;10&quot;);&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(&quot;10&quot;, yAxis.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT 1: Comments in relation to @ErkiM answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have just run one of my classes and received a failed test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void jGoToPage(){&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;select.t-select-A[name=\&quot;page\&quot;]&quot;)));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; option = chrome.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;select.t-select-A[name=\&quot;page\&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    option.get(0).click();&#xA;    option.get(1).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stacktrace I receive is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Timed out after 5 seconds waiting for visibility of element located by By.selector: select.t-select-A[name=&quot;page&quot;]&#xA;Build info: version: '2.34.0', revision: '11cd0ef93615408e0b6b3bfa28defe125906461a', time: '2013-08-06 11:43:14'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_45'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.timeoutException(FluentWait.java:259)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(FluentWait.java:228)&#xA;at AdBuilderComponents.CloseButtonPropertiesPanel.jGoToPage(CloseButtonPropertiesPanel.java:308)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)&#xA;at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)&#xA;at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)&#xA;at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)&#xA;at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)&#xA;at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:74)&#xA;at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:202)&#xA;at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:65)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:120)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element&#xA;(Session info: chrome=31.0.1650.63)&#xA;(Driver info: chromedriver=2.6.232923,platform=Windows NT 6.1 SP1 x86_64)  (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 2.07 seconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.34.0', revision: '11cd0ef93615408e0b6b3bfa28defe125906461a', time: '2013-08-06 11:43:14'&#xA;System info: os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_45'&#xA;Session ID: c211c5ddfe42b768b3bf697b80ce1508&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastEditorUserId="23743" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T15:47:07.697" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:36:37.990" Title="How to make my tests more robust in WebDriver using JUnit (code included)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7361" CreationDate="2013-12-17T16:02:14.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can move to testng and use dependsOnMethods. You will have to change few things in your code to make it compatible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes sure your tests in the same class are executed in the good order. In the following example &quot;secondTest&quot; will start only when &quot;firstTest&quot; is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void firstTest() {&#xA;    //code&#xA;}&#xA;@Test (dependsOnMethods = { &quot;firstTest&quot; })&#xA;public void secondTest() {&#xA;    //code&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:36:37.990" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:36:37.990" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2013-12-17T16:16:26.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A very good exercise is to practice on a real project. I advice you opensource projects. It allows you to practice and to contribute to the community reporting bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I am practicing on OpenClinica (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.openclinica.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.openclinica.com&lt;/a&gt;). You can start doing easy tests until more complex one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T16:16:26.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7361" CreationDate="2013-12-17T19:19:38.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I advice you to keep your tests simple and they will be more robust.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;You should specialize your test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI components (Verify the display of your page)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI actions (Verify button are working as expected for example)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Workflows&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More you are verifying things in your test and more the portability it fails will increased.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Don't hesitate to use &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt; to keep your code more clear. After your test don't forget to use &lt;code&gt;@AfterClass&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;@AfterTest&lt;/code&gt; if you need to close a database connection or driver.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use Selenium IDE to generate your JUnit code if you want to see others ways to make your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:36:11.327" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:36:11.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7361" CreationDate="2013-12-17T21:44:20.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hm. Did I understand correctly that you are indeed receiving a timeoutexception? Could you provide any stacktrace? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;I know the element is in the DOM as it will pass more often that not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So if I was to run this overnight, it could fail when it would pass 9&#xA;  times out of 10.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This statement is not good enough. The best you can say is that you can be sure, that the element was there for at least 9 times out of ten. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So whats happening in visibilityOfElementLocated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  /**&#xA;   * An expectation for checking that an element is present on the DOM of a page&#xA;   * and visible. Visibility means that the element is not only displayed but&#xA;   * also has a height and width that is greater than 0.&#xA;   *&#xA;   * @param locator used to find the element&#xA;   * @return the WebElement once it is located and visible&#xA;   */&#xA;  public static ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; visibilityOfElementLocated(&#xA;      final By locator) {&#xA;    return new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;() {&#xA;      @Override&#xA;      public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;          return elementIfVisible(findElement(locator, driver));&#xA;        } catch (StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;          return null;&#xA;        }&#xA;      }&#xA;     // skipped some sht&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  /**&#xA;   * @return the given element if it is visible and has non-zero size, otherwise&#xA;   *         null.&#xA;   */&#xA;  private static WebElement elementIfVisible(WebElement element) {&#xA;    return element.isDisplayed() ? element : null;&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to sum it up, this code checks if an element is present in DOM and its height and width are &gt; 0, if so, it will return the WebElement, otherwise null. It is straightforward, if you are getting a timeout, you can be pretty sure the element is not in the DOM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, what is happening before this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;ul.componentList.j-componentList&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;some databinding? other stuff that could perhaps cause the staleness of the webelement? Try this piece of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver)&#xA;        .withTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;        .pollingEvery(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;        .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class)&#xA;        .ignoring(StaleElementReferenceException.class)&#xA;        .until(new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;            @NotNull&#xA;            @Override&#xA;            public Boolean apply(WebDriver webDriver) {&#xA;                WebElement element = driver.findElement(yourElement);&#xA;                return element != null &amp;amp;&amp;amp; element.isDisplayed();&#xA;            }&#xA;        });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is definetly overly verbose, but i wrote it all out to make it more understandable. If it doesn't help you, i suggest adding more logging to better understand what is going on there. Perhaps 10 sec is not enough some times? Add longer timeout? &#xA;Perhaps get a screenshot if the test is failing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you are using JUnit to execute your test and you were also talking about general robustness, perhaps implement a TestWatcher? Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestRules extends TestWatcher {&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    protected void failed(Throwable e, Description description) {&#xA;        // This will be called whenever a test fails.&#xA;        // Take screenshot, log error, go hot wild.&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in your test class simply call it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class testClass{&#xA;&#xA;@Rule&#xA;public TestRules testRules = new TestRules();&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void doTestSomething() throws Exception{&#xA;    // If the test fails for any reason, it will be caught by testrules.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Also, as robustness was mentioned - when you run into maintenance nightmare, look into this article: &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT2: I looked thru the sample code again and i have been there. this spaghetti code will be a maintenance nightmare in no time. Seriously consider any test architecture. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6021" LastEditorUserId="6021" LastEditDate="2013-12-17T22:01:20.837" LastActivityDate="2013-12-17T22:01:20.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7380" CreationDate="2013-12-18T04:41:28.663" Score="3" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to analyze on &quot;what could be done from testing point of view&quot; for testing a mobile app for (ios &amp;amp; Android) on &quot;Application Security level&quot;. Here are the points that I wish to consider in my testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Malicious Functionality (Activity monitoring and data retrieval)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unauthorized dialing, SMS, and payments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unauthorized network connectivity (exfiltration or command &amp;amp; control)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI Impersonation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System modification (rootkit, APN proxy config)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vulnerabilities&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sensitive data leakage (inadvertent or side channel)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unsafe sensitive data storage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unsafe sensitive data transmission&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hard-coded password/keys&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help or pointers are highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6548" LastActivityDate="2020-12-30T10:21:56.040" Title="Mobile app security testing" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7367" CreationDate="2013-12-18T05:10:34.580" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hope the below link is helpful for you...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://palpapers.plynt.com/issues/2009Apr/mobile-application-security-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://palpapers.plynt.com/issues/2009Apr/mobile-application-security-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6549" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T05:10:34.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7339" CreationDate="2013-12-18T06:07:09.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can suggest two options for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your app is more like a UI testing, please try using Sikuli. It does not matter which language you have used, if it is on screen, Sikuli can test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you want more involved testing, including UI &amp;amp; functional, try Ranorex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is free open source:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli Project&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ranorex is paid but gives you a trial, plus they are very helpful in your PoC &amp;amp; afterP: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex Studio: Functional UI Test Automation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6567" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-10T06:34:59.217" LastActivityDate="2021-01-10T06:34:59.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7017" CreationDate="2013-12-18T06:23:59.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you actually need to test your app on mobile device, you can obviously go for simulators and emulators, there are plenty of free online simulators are available.&#xA;you can see this site for more information:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sixrevisions.com/tools/10-excellent-tools-for-testing-your-site-on-mobile-devices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sixrevisions.com/tools/10-excellent-tools-for-testing-your-site-on-mobile-devices/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T06:23:59.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7128" CreationDate="2013-12-18T06:27:20.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;in addition to Sam's ideas, you can try few more scenarios like:&#xA;1. keep everything as it is, just keep a non working proxy.&#xA;2. Block the device mac address so that it doesn't get network access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T06:27:20.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7113" CreationDate="2013-12-18T06:31:29.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to record this scenario using an addon like imacro.&#xA;Steps:&#xA;1. use fire fox, download a plugin livehttpheader - it can record all network traffic.&#xA;2. download addin imacro.&#xA;3. Now turn on httpheader and imacro.&#xA;4. perform all your action may be throughout a day or week or may be a month (probable).&#xA;5. now you've all data of ur actions.&#xA; report this to dev, they'll have better picture about ur action and data and system config etc... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T06:31:29.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7128" CreationDate="2013-12-18T06:48:21.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For an iOS application, you can check the lossy network by the following way&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Goto Settings -- Select Devloper options -- Enable the Network link conditioner tab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6553" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T06:48:21.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7128" CreationDate="2013-12-18T08:11:53.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You commented saying you are using mobile data so you mean GPRS data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a script that you launch before your program and will activate the airplane mode.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to remove the SIM card during your test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go somewhere where you have less network as a basement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last chance, take a box and cover it of aluminum, put the phone inside, the network will be cut.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:34:32.663" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T02:34:32.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7339" CreationDate="2013-12-18T09:05:54.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need automated testing only under Windows OS, then try Telerik testing-framework - it is exactly for .NET software, and has a lot of useful stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6568" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T09:05:54.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7367" CreationDate="2013-12-18T19:28:17.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you looked at the OWASP top 10 mobile risks? &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Projects/OWASP_Mobile_Security_Project_-_Top_Ten_Mobile_Risks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Projects/OWASP_Mobile_Security_Project_-_Top_Ten_Mobile_Risks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare those to the ones in your list&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T19:28:17.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7378" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7382" CreationDate="2013-12-18T20:23:24.413" Score="4" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our product is a web based SaaS application. Internet Explorer has a setting to &lt;em&gt;Display a notification for every script error&lt;/em&gt; that QA has turned on (for manual and automated testing). This causes some script errors (mostly javascript) to be displayed that would not be seen with the default browser settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our team is in disagreement as to whether this is a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the possible pitfalls to turning this setting off? One member said that there is a risk that we will allow a number of errors into our code that might not work with some future browser. Then, instead of having a few errors here and there to correct, we will have a large backlog. Is this a legitimate fear? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone provide examples where ignoring minor JS errors causes larger problems down the road? Can anyone provide counter examples (that ignoring them has caused no issues)? I realize that you can't prove a negative, but a product that has adopted this policy with no problems through several browser version upgrades carries weight in our decision. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited to add: There are no user reported bugs for that specify they have used this setting. It is not a default setting, so most end users will not change it. But we are tasked with testing the code, so we turn it on to find all the bugs that we can. There is disagreement within the team as to whether this is a good practice. One side says we should find all the bugs we can and deploy the cleanest code that we can. The other side says that this is a minor issue and we should focus on larger issues (an opinion I can agree with). But the question is whether this policy of ignoring apparently minor errors will later cause larger problems, particularly with accelerated releases of browser versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2606" LastEditorUserId="2606" LastEditDate="2013-12-18T20:54:21.467" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T08:49:24.990" Title="Setting browser to display notifcation for all errors - good idea?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7378" CreationDate="2013-12-18T22:39:37.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the main things a tester has to do is decide where to focus their limited testing time for the most benefit. If you feel that testing the browser with this mode turned on is an effective use of your time, then go for it, raise the bugs and be prepared to fight for them in the but triage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the information that you have posted, this sound like classic &quot;bug hunting&quot;, and trying to find as many bugs as possible, regardless of their impact.  It feels like this time could be better spent testing or investing that time elsewhere, for example, non IE browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T22:39:37.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7367" CreationDate="2013-12-18T22:46:39.943" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I always get a bit concerned about &quot;what should I test&quot; questions around security testing, because if you need to ask, you really shouldn't be doing security testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said you need to start with a threat model do determine the potential attack vectors and then proceed from there. Your application really needs to follow some form of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/security/sdl/default.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Security Development Lifecycle&lt;/a&gt; to ensure that the application is designed and built with security in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This starts as a discussion with your architect, and stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T22:46:39.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7128" CreationDate="2013-12-18T22:53:40.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am going to cover this is two parts planning and execution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Planning this sort of testing should be relatively simple and done in a few minutes with a whiteboard, keeping in mind what the requirements of the app are. Then you should consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changing network speeds (slowing down and speeding up).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moving around ( leaving, joining and switching between different connections).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loosing and gaining networks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For execution you can employ a combination of physical real-world testing (turning off networks, removing sim cards etc) and using tools like the Network Link conditioner that is found in both iOS and the mac, so you can use it with Android and iOS simulators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2013-12-18T22:53:40.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7378" CreationDate="2013-12-19T10:27:44.103" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A simple JavaScript error might be a reason of a huge bug.  I am always having “Show JavaScript errors” turned on my browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s consider the following situation: &#xA;During saving a Web Form, some JavaScript exception had occurred while populating data from the UI input fields into internal JavaScript object, for instance, JSON object.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In this case, some of the values of the JSON object might be empty or undefined&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The JSON object came on the webserver and was successfully saved into the database. Some fields with undefined values were converted to database NULLs. Some important data was not saved and the empty strings were saved instead.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a month, a manager started a monthly report on the system. As result, the report had incorrect data or was interrupted because of broken data.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The management asks the vendors or developers of the system: “Why doesn’t it work?”  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers/vendors shrug their shoulders:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;“It’s because of incorrect data. We don’t know how it had come there”  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, I’ve seen several times when wrong (incomplete) data was saved into database because of JavaScript exception. It wasn’t created any troubles for the product, because the developers fix such issues immediately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2013-12-19T10:27:44.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7383" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2013-12-19T14:05:30.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a variety of companies who offer tester certifications. There are a variety of criticisms of every one of them. This is a hotly debated topic in the testing industry. It's worth restating &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.stackoverflow.com/2010/09/good-subjective-bad-subjective/&quot;&gt;StackExchange is not a debating site&lt;/a&gt; - it's not the place to have an extended argument. Please bear this in mind for any questions you raise or answer under this tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://kaner.com/?p=317&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This overview by Cem Kaner on credentialling in software testing&lt;/a&gt; offers a cogent summary of the current state of affairs, and his opinion on how things will develop. It is worth reading whatever your position on tester certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="7154" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T15:51:51.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T15:51:51.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7384" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2013-12-19T14:05:30.677" Score="0" Body="This tag refers to the thorny topic of certifying software testers, rather than public key certificates." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2013-12-19T14:05:30.677" LastActivityDate="2013-12-19T14:05:30.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-19T19:50:17.837" Score="1" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if I should post this question here, but I did not found any other stackexchange site which might be more helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this question is better to be asked somewhere else, please feel free to move it at the appropriate stackexchange site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, I am writing an Architecture design document for a specific Software engineering project of my university, and I have to also complete a &quot;System-Wide Processing&quot; section at the report. However I have no idea what this is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone help me understand what is this, and give some examples just for me to understand better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6580" LastActivityDate="2013-12-20T10:23:35.647" Title="What is System-Wide Processing?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;qa-architect&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2013-12-21T20:19:14.187" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7387" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-19T20:57:47.233" Score="0" ViewCount="392" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does Microsoft Test Manager have image recognition? Anything like HP UFT/QTP's Insight?&#xA;If not, what would be some work around to get Microsoft Test Manager to have image recognition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Insight is a feature in QTP/UFT that allows for detection of any kind of entity on an application based on finding that entity from a user defined stored image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used it to detect control elements from a VB6 application, which were unable to be &quot;detected&quot; on QTP (and all of UIAutomation/UISpy for that mater). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6324" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-05T08:19:44.030" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T08:19:44.030" Title="Does Microsoft Test Manager have image recognition? (Like HP UFT/QTP's Insight?)" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7386" CreationDate="2013-12-20T10:23:35.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The system wide approach has been developed for application to statistical capacity building in order to facilitate the scaling up of government and donor support for statistics. The approach draws heavily on lessons learn from the Sector Wide Approaches (SWAps) used successfully in areas such as health, education and agriculture.&#xA;It is a thematic application of that approach directed towards supporting a locally owned and led programme to develop the National Statistical System in a comprehensive and co-ordinate way, moving towards use of country systems and procedures for implementation.&#xA;The process of preparing a statistical strategy, covering the whole, or at least the main parts, of a national statistical system, provides a framework within which a system wide approach (also called a programme based approach) can be used to deliver co-ordinates and harmonized financial and technical assistance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6575" LastActivityDate="2013-12-20T10:23:35.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7391" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-20T22:01:41.627" Score="7" ViewCount="1069" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to clarify differences and definitions of those techniques/methodologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mutation testing - testing technique, it is an intentional change of part of code to evaluate correctness of tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Robustness testing - testing methodology, and mutation testing and fault injection are part of it, or it is something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fuzz testing - testing technique, random data input to the program, it also can be used in robustness testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fault injection - testing technique, isn't it the same as fuzz testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but i am not sure of above. Is it possible to compare them telling which technique is better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6539" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T01:43:02.177" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T07:24:11.467" Title="Mutation testing, Fault Injection, Robustness testing, Fuzz testing" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7391" CreationDate="2013-12-20T22:57:28.163" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Robust&lt;/em&gt; is the opposite of fragile; it is the ability to function correctly under a variety of conditions -- perhaps even under conditions that change or that you did not anticipate.  &lt;em&gt;Robustness testing&lt;/em&gt; is the practice of measuring robustness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fault injection&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;mutation testing&lt;/em&gt; are ways to measure the robustness of your tests.  They don't tell you anything about the robustness of your product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuzz testing&lt;/em&gt; is a way to measure the robustness of your product.  It doesn't tell you anything about the robustness of your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not think it makes sense to ask whether fuzz testing or fault injection/mutation testing is better, because they serve different purposes.  However, I would rank fuzz testing the highest of the three, since your ultimate goal is to measure the quality of your product.  The tests themselves are a means to an end, not an end in themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2013-12-21T19:04:29.560" LastActivityDate="2013-12-21T19:04:29.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7306" CreationDate="2013-12-21T06:45:20.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;CMMI helps advance the state of the practice, accelerate the development and adoption of best practices, and provide solutions to the emerging needs of businesses around the world.As we found both Spice and CMMI are good approaches, CMMI is more effective and trendy process with high standards. To grab or compare more information refer KPMG International Blog or sites , who are the leading expertise in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kpmg.com/in/en/services/advisory/performance-technology/itas/pages/spi.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CMMI Development&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6585" LastActivityDate="2013-12-21T06:45:20.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7395" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-21T10:30:41.923" Score="0" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;code&gt;jp@gc - PerfMon Metrics Collector&lt;/code&gt; Lister for this and as you know it requires 'ServerAgent' running on the connecting server.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Step by step instruction would be very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also, if anyone knows of any better alternatives to monitor the servers using jmeter then please share with me, it would be a great help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6247" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T19:14:55.380" LastActivityDate="2015-04-03T00:17:44.677" Title="How can I install 'ServerAgent' on the Application server to monitor its performance using Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5589" CreationDate="2013-12-22T07:30:52.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can't determine why the browser won't launch, you can make your tests more robust.  Make sure to clean the environment during test warmup, add some retry/wait/timeout wrappers around the section that launches the browser, and kill any processes and services that aren't relevant to the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to find out why the browser is crashing, you can look into the differences between failed and successful scenarios, but it might be more helpful to put in some debugging and logging code or look at event log data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6589" LastActivityDate="2013-12-22T07:30:52.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7391" CreationDate="2013-12-22T08:32:31.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;it is a link to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/20/101.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms&lt;/a&gt;. Some of terms are described there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mutation (back-to-back) testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Testing in which two or more variants of a component or system are executed with the same inputs, the outputs compared, and analyzed in cases of&#xA;discrepancies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;fault seeding:&lt;/strong&gt; The process of intentionally adding defects to those already in the component or system for the purpose of monitoring the rate of detection and removal, and estimating the number of remaining defects. Fault seeding is typically part of development (prerelease) testing and can be performed at any test level (component, integration, or system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;robustness:&lt;/strong&gt; The degree to which a component or system can function correctly in the presence of invalid inputs or stressful environmental conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-13T07:24:11.467" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T07:24:11.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5851" CreationDate="2013-12-23T05:30:15.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you use multiple monitors? This answer assumes that you do. I have have had the same problem (with QC and other programs as well) when I used my laptop with an external monitor. If I closed out the popup with the secondary monitor in one position, but then repositioned my monitor configuration, the popup tries to open in a monitor that is no longer there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Say I have my laptop set as my primary monitor and an external monitor on the right. I run QC and the popup is closed out while it was displayed on the external monitor. Then I reposition my monitors so the external one is on the left. The next time i run a test in QC, the popup will try to open in the monitor on the right, even though there is no monitor there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Ran a test in QC so that popup has opened. Then I opened my Graphics Properties (usually done by right clicking in the empty desktop and selecting Graphics Properties). In the graphics properties, I repositioned my external monitor to the right, left, top, and bottom until I found the popup. Then drag it to the primary monitor and close it from there. The next time it pops up, it will be on the primary monitor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2606" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T05:30:15.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7378" CreationDate="2013-12-23T08:49:24.990" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe turning OFF to scripting errors or browser notifications could be better idea. Turning them off won't hurt the operation of any program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6575" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T08:49:24.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6238" CreationDate="2013-12-23T13:06:08.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use Jenkins and VirtualBox, I suggest you to try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.genymotion.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GenyMotion&lt;/a&gt; Android Emulator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy to install/use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can use many sensors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can integrate with Eclipse/Android Studio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a cool command line interface, where you can modify your test environment, for example sensors and battery level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A GenyMotion emulator is a VirtualBox virtual machine, so you can start/stop/suspend it like a VirtualBox machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6596" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T13:06:08.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7403" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8990" CreationDate="2013-12-23T16:32:20.810" Score="2" ViewCount="455" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run automated smoke tests for my web application, but until now, these tests are not covering offline excel spreadsheets that are downloaded by the user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm starting a study to find possible solutions to write in my script a way to let the user download and fill the spreadsheet through the smoke test. Has anyone already implemented this? Can you give me ideas to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6496" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T23:49:30.537" Title="Ideas to implement offline smoke test for downloaded excel files" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;excel&gt;&lt;export&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7403" CreationDate="2013-12-23T22:07:22.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you mean that you want the automated test to stop and wait for user interaction?  That doesn't seem like the best idea to me, but maybe it makes sense for you.  If that's what you're trying to do you could have the test wait for a file to exist in a known location.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO a better approach would be for the test to fill out the Excel sheet automatically.  You can do that using Office Automation - here's some info &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/y1xatbkd(v=vs.80).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/y1xatbkd(v=vs.80).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T22:07:22.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7387" CreationDate="2013-12-23T22:13:30.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's nothing built in to the MTM/CodedUI ecosystem that does what you're looking for.  I'm assuming that you're doing record/playback in MTM which is really generating CodedUI tests.  Have you tried building a UI map for these problem controls in Visual Studio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2013-12-23T22:13:30.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7406" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-24T04:41:45.497" Score="0" ViewCount="6685" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I set the proxy setting in a browser as 127.0.0.1:8080 then I am able to run the JMeter recorder for the project I am running using JBoss server from my system only that is ok and doing enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, when I try to use google or some other site it simply shows error page even for other web app. I am attaching proxy set image, please tell me how to use JMeter using proxy setting form application whose server is on some other address or location (in short, not from my system/JBoss)&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7E1mI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6602" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-25T09:45:49.310" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:08:21.703" Title="Proxy setting for JMeter" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7667" CreationDate="2013-12-24T04:47:14.923" Score="2" ViewCount="5671" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to start my automation on java swing application using QTP. I am quite a newbie in qtp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All I need is some documentation of the TOOL on how to get things configured and a step by step guide on how to start with the project set up in order to automate a swing application. Any help in this regard is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not asking for spoon feeding but just some initial guidance through documentation or any link which has these details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5875" LastEditorUserId="24976" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T21:21:34.707" LastActivityDate="2020-05-19T06:30:56.057" Title="How to start on QTP to automate a java swing application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7406" CreationDate="2013-12-24T14:02:23.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that you need to remove &lt;code&gt;localhost&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;127.0.0.1&lt;/code&gt; from &quot;No Proxy For&quot; input in your Firefox configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeters-superpower-http-proxy-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt; guide the idea of recording is pointing your browser to hit application under test &lt;strong&gt;through&lt;/strong&gt; JMeter Proxy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default JMeter proxy is running on localhost on port 8080. Your configuration assumes not using proxy for localhost/127.0.0.1 and 100.8.125.84 address. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your organization uses proxy for internet access - you'll need to tell JMeter to use this proxy as well in order to be able to access the Internet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be done via command line arguments as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   -H, --proxyHost &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;            Set a proxy server for JMeter to use&#xA;    -P, --proxyPort &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;            Set proxy server port for JMeter to use&#xA;    -N, --nonProxyHosts &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;            Set nonproxy host list (e.g. *.apache.org|localhost)&#xA;    -u, --username &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;            Set username for proxy server that JMeter is to use&#xA;    -a, --password &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;            Set password for proxy server that JMeter is to use&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2013-12-24T14:02:23.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-26T08:16:19.423" Score="0" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing study on software testing and I have a question. Is their any need of test suites to do automated software testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6575" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-26T10:04:22.920" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T17:24:05.693" Title="Is there any need of test suites for automated software testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7410" CreationDate="2013-12-26T08:56:46.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not a compulsion to have test suites but they can be very beneficial. For instance, we can categorize our test cases on the basis of functionality/requirements in these test suites and we can execute test suite corresponding to that functionality for any changes, in this way we can manage our test cases in much better way. And we can execute all test cases in a test suite at once instead of running them one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6159" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-26T10:04:53.673" LastActivityDate="2013-12-26T10:04:53.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7410" CreationDate="2013-12-26T10:09:52.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each test takes some time to run. If the combined time is too large, the tests will be run less frequently as it is an effort to do so. Test suites provide an easy way to group tests logically and run only relevant set of tests. Other needs could be for example to run only tests that work in certain environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that it is possible to gather test suites automatically. You could only run tests that took less than 0.1 seconds to execute on the last run or tests that use files that have been changed since the last run or tests that have been tagged with a certain tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typical scenario is to make it possible to run unit tests of features easily and fast separately, run larger test set with each commit to version control system and possibly run even more for example each night if some tests take a long time or need certain setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2013-12-26T10:09:52.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7410" CreationDate="2013-12-26T13:24:59.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always with testing, it depends on the situation and exactly what you mean by the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're asking if there's ever a need to group automated tests into a suite, then yes, there are times when this is a good idea. If you want to know if it's always needed, then the answer is no - not all automation requires that automated tests be grouped into suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a general rule test suites will be grouped according to the purpose they serve. A small group of tests that covers basic functionality might be used in a smoke test suite, where a set of tests covering a specific feature development will be in a different suite. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where there are a large number of automated tests (not unit tests), they will often be grouped into suites so that multiple test systems can be used to run the automation in parallel. I've been at places where the number of automated tests made it necessary to do this because running all of them in succession would take over a week. By using test suites and multiple machines (mostly virtual) the test runs could be done overnight so that regressions were typically found within 24 hours of being introduced.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load tests will usually be kept as a separate test suite. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual tests may also be arranged into test suites, particularly if they are used for regression or it's likely that they'll be reused at some point. While there may be an overall goal of automating the manual suites, it's not uncommon for automation to lag behind manual testing. There are also always tests that either can't be automated or aren't worth automating. These can be grouped into test suites as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No matter what your planning or automation strategy is, the number of tests you have will grow over time. Even with the best test maintenance actively pruning obsolete tests, applications grow more complex as features are added, increasing the number of tests required to cover the application to a reasonable degree (it's impossible to completely test anything with even a modest degree of complexity). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2013-12-26T13:24:59.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7414" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-26T19:30:14.337" Score="1" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some background:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use travis-ci to run our cucumber tests on every commit. Occasionally I am noticing a rather troubling problem. A cucumber test fails, followed by the rest of the tests failing, but yet travis says the build passed. It is simply because travis-ci only cares about exit codes, and for some reason, cucumber is returning an exit code of 0 for this specific error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here is what's causing the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;The first bunch of tests work fine, they pass and cucumber thinks they pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Then we get a WebKit failure&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No response received from the server. (Capybara::Webkit::NoResponseError)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;Then all tests after give the error:       &lt;strong&gt;Broken pipe (Errno::EPIPE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This failure only occasionally happens. The scary part and thing that I actually care about are cucumber returns an exit of 0. Which mean travis-ci doesn't mark it as failed, and deploys my code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the travis output&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;70 scenarios (35 failed, 3 skipped, 32 passed)&#xA;  382 steps (22 failed, 111 skipped, 249 passed)&#xA;  6m43.713s&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;The command &quot;$TEST_SUITE&quot; exited with 0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone had this problem with cucumber returning the wrong exit code? Is the fault even cucumbers or capybara/webkit? I've tried both irc channels with no response (it is the day after christmas, so not too shocking).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5159" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:16:54.397" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:16:54.397" Title="webkit + capybara + cucumber connection error" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7410" CreationDate="2013-12-27T05:38:35.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In short - if you are implementing automation methods for your testing, then its always good to have an automation test suite. It helps you to maintain your test scripts, test data, libraries, results etc.. Also you don't need to trigger the scripts manually, you can simply schedule your test runs.. so there are lot of benefits of having an organised suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T05:38:35.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="686" CreationDate="2013-12-27T15:00:17.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something that need to consider for mobile apps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External Interruptions like SMS, MMS, Phone calls: You are running your app in the device and suddenly receive a SMS, MMS, Phone call or any other notification.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different device manufacturers with different device configurations like Android and Window Phones have different manufacturers Samsung, HTC and so on with different processors, display resolutions etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supporting only mobiles phones or Tablets or both&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different internet connectivity networks like WiFi, 2G, 3G&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supporting NFC (Near Field Communication)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Device Battery Factors: Please note that the different status of the Battery has impact on your app. If battery is drained, full or charging then it will have some impact on your app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Location based apps: These apps must be tested in real locations and with GPS On/Off status.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some platform specific testing like testing your app on iOS devices when some Restrictions are enabled like Disabling Camera, Disabling adding events in calendar, disabling In App purchase and then checking when you try to use these features in your app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T15:00:17.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="353" CreationDate="2013-12-27T15:09:17.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used a couple of tools for Android App testing which I would like to mention:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestObject: This basically provides browser based simulators for testing your app and you can automate those apps. Its very simple to use as you just have to record your script and play back it. This site provide a number of simulators with all possible configurations. You can also carry Stress Testing on your app in which TestObject applies 10000 events per min and then show you the results. You can test Native and Web apps but Hybrid apps are not supported.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Little Eye: This is a performance testing tool for Android apps and simple to use. You just have to install the Little Eye on your machine and connect device to the machine and then a usual testing with all possible scenarios. The tool records all your actions and check the performance of the app in terms of Battery usage, Network usage, warnings and errors etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T15:09:17.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2013-12-27T22:06:28.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to add something I haven't seen in many of the other answers - I think that the passion for QA is extremely important in a person looking for a QA position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like a no brainer, but the reality is that there are many people out there who see QA positions as a stepping stone to development.  I think that someone who truly wants to be a dev in their heart is never going to be as good of a QA person than someone who truly has a passion for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5581" LastActivityDate="2013-12-27T22:06:28.520" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2013-12-27T22:06:28.520" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7420" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-29T17:31:55.930" Score="2" ViewCount="14254" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an GWT based app. But my test are failing left and right when the application response is slow but the selenium execution speed is fast. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written a webdriver wait method to handle an element which loads after an Ajax call but that does not seem to be working as each time I have to figure out which element is appearing after the Ajax call. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need a generic Wait method which would wait till the Ajax call gets complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6624" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-30T15:51:47.387" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T21:04:19.463" Title="The code of wait method for Ajax call to complete" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7421" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-29T21:58:25.433" Score="9" ViewCount="355" Body="&lt;p&gt;The test pyramid is a concept developed by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/the-forgotten-layer-of-the-test-automation-pyramid&quot;&gt;Mike Cohn&lt;/a&gt;, described in his book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321579364&quot;&gt;&quot;Succeeding with Agile&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. Basically, end-to-end tests (often called UI tests) go across all the layers of the application, while unit tests cover single components. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KP2OQ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Test pyramid&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the idea is sound and logical, I found implementing a well-balanced test pyramid hard, particularly when different teams are responsible for different levels of tests. For instance, in our teams devs focus on unit tests, while testers focus on end-to-end tests. Service-level tests are done either by testers, devs or by both, depending on the knowledge of architecture, testing skills, available time, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, I'm looking for resources (books, blogs) that could help me answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How do you make sure you do not duplicate test cases at different levels? Sure, when you verify how the system handles invalid input from a user, you may discover different problems at unit level, service level and UI level. Does it mean you want to replicate all unit tests at higher level as well? I would like to avoid that, as end-to-end tests takes longer and thus their number should be limited.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Following the above question, how do you recognize redundant test cases? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When a tester discover a case on end-to-end level (UI) that could be easily tested at unit level (and is missing in unit test suite), should she add it to the unit test suite?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the area is wide, hence I'm more interested in hands-on experiences and lessons learned than silver bullet solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-29T22:20:21.370" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T12:59:42.187" Title="Resources on implementing a well-balanced test pyramid" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2013-12-30T05:59:59.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used Test Studio for testing iOS app and found its helpful. Following are the things I would like to mention about Test Studio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its simple to use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You test directly on the devices so you are working on real environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Script for test is generated in front of you as per your steps so you can modify it like you can modify parameters you are passing, timeout etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is also 'Task' sort of verification process in which you can verify the size of text field, Font used for placeholders in text field and so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If any crash occurred while testing then the Crash reports are sent to the email id you have provided. So no need to connect device every time and collect crash reports.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can share test cases with other devices you are using through a web portal Telerik have provided (Note: Portal is paid one )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But it has some drawbacks as looping is not supported which is mentioned on their site also.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2013-12-30T05:59:59.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7424" CreationDate="2013-12-30T07:10:19.400" Score="4" ViewCount="2447" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might seems to be common question but my concern here is a bit different. I am new to Automation and my development skills are not that Good. We are trying to Automate our Project using Selenium UI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My concern is that being a QA guy, apart from writing the code for Automation what roles I can perform to make sure things go smoothly to the end. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to contribute something better from QA perspective rather than trying to resolve exceptions and experimenting with the code all the time. Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3069" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T15:23:54.460" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T15:23:54.460" Title="What roles and activities can automators do apart from writing code?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7423" CreationDate="2013-12-30T10:48:08.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand you have problems with test automation because you are not much skilled (yet) in programming. And it hurts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the more something hurts, the more resistance something offers, the more you need to practice that until the moment things become a routine for you and you become more effective. There are no workarounds and shortcuts to master programming, but there are ways to make it less stressful. Pair with a more senior developer, learn from real Selenium examples, read answers and ask questions on the Internet or participate in a real or virtual training (I really value &lt;a href=&quot;http://programming-motherfucker.com/become.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;learning programming the hard way&lt;/a&gt; and their courses). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, test automation is not just programming. If you do not have enough skills (yet) to automate focus on other things you can contribute:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design test cases&lt;/strong&gt;: what scenarios and aspects you want to validate? at what levels? Automation itself can be delegate to a more experienced programmer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Decide what not to automate&lt;/strong&gt; and leave for manual testing. For instance, visual consistency is a good candidate for that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test performance and API&lt;/strong&gt; with tools that require less programming skills. For instance, SOAP UI can help you verify JSON Web services, JMeter will help you test performance. You will not necessarily program, but you will get more familiar with different technologies (HTTP, JSON, etc.) and internal architecture of your application. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Troubleshoot failing test cases&lt;/strong&gt;. Even if you are not automating tests, you may help others to find, why the test are failing. Learning when, where and why the system fails will help you in writing better test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, do all other tasks that are part of testing process as: execution of tests, generating test execution reports, integration with test management tool, logging, root cause isolation. You do not have to automate them, but you may find tasks are more repetitive and tedious and ask your colleagues to automate them (see Alan Page's &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/Articles/Beautiful_Testing_chapter8.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;chapter&lt;/a&gt; on that and then James Bach's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/articles/agileauto-paper.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2013-12-30T11:37:33.383" LastActivityDate="2013-12-30T11:37:33.383" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7423" CreationDate="2013-12-30T11:05:45.847" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on your project you may also assert visual consistency, for example in a website that shows breadcrumbs the level of nesting should be consistent with the displayed breadcrumbs. Maybe a 'minimum width' for buttons/text inputs/etc.&#xA;You may also probe performance and measure how fast is the site loading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether these are expected of you or not is beyond me, but these are certainly things that you can check for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A link that may help you: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwareishard.com/blog/firebug/automate-page-load-performance-testing-with-firebug-and-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwareishard.com/blog/firebug/automate-page-load-performance-testing-with-firebug-and-selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1037" LastActivityDate="2013-12-30T11:05:45.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7426" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-30T11:35:05.307" Score="0" ViewCount="414" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now a days compliance test for any product  or service is becoming unavoidable. Provide some genuine reasons that can prove that is really an important job for any service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6575" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T05:59:42.877" Title="Why do you think compliance test is important?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-05-01T23:25:51.657" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7223" CreationDate="2013-12-30T17:37:33.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to insert one While Controller into another:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-CSV Data Set Config&#xA;-While Loop controller   &amp;lt;-this iterates through users&#xA;--CSV Data Set Config&#xA;--While Loop Controller  &amp;lt;- this iterates through values for single user &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2013-12-30T17:37:33.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7423" CreationDate="2013-12-30T23:30:41.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not everyone on the team needs the same skills, and if you already have enough development capacity you might be more valuable for the overall results if you take up other tasks. When working together with testers in an automation project, developers can focus on the development part if there is someone else who:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Really understands the application and the test scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can prioritize which parts need to be automated first&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can give examples of test cases with various characteristics (such as a small and simple one; cases that do/don't need elaborate test data; certain features)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understands the business case of the automation project (what are we trying to achieve, how are we going to measure that)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helps in finding a convenient and user friendly way to specify test data and test scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knows what he needs in terms of logging / reports / metrics; and provides feedback on what we can do better&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests the test framework and helps resolve issues smoothly and quickly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writes a manual; or takes notes on tips/trics/frequently asked questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Teaches other people how to work with automated testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Obtains support for the project from management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manages the process and the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Takes care of environment issues (authorizations, installed software, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test automation is not just coding (even though it is an important skill to learn if you work in an automation project) and it is a team effort. Personally, I think having at least one person on the team who doesn't do coding can actually bring a different perspective to the team and can give better results than just a bunch of developers together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5496" LastActivityDate="2013-12-30T23:30:41.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7430" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7449" CreationDate="2013-12-31T01:01:27.520" Score="2" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone had experience with load testing tools like WAPT Pro? I want to know, when recording those load test script on a web application, shall i include those like Google Analytic tracking request? Or just focus on application itself will do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6632" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T15:14:48.170" Title="Web application load testing" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-31T03:02:12.590" Score="3" ViewCount="2029" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a software or an website, when to use white box testing technique?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4457" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T09:59:03.640" Title="When to use White box Testing in a software or a website?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7432" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2013-12-31T04:04:18.093" Score="0" ViewCount="29027" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this HTML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;btnContr&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;  &amp;lt;input type=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;return cancel();&quot; value=&quot;Cancel&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the xpath identified, using this xpath, I am not able to click on the button. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath=//div[@class='btnContr']/input[@onclick='return cancel();']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)ff;&#xA;            jse.executeScript(&quot;document.getElement(By.xpath('//div[@class='btnContr']/input[@onclick='return cancel();']').click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should my code be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6633" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-29T16:10:47.983" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T04:55:28.803" Title="JavascriptExecutor is not identifying the button to click in Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7432" CreationDate="2013-12-31T09:00:19.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is in your use of quotes - they don't match correctly. Since you're using three levels of quotes (around document.getElement; around the xpath; and for the attributes) you'll need to escape one pair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jse.executeScript(&quot;document.getElement(By.xpath(\&quot;//div[@class='btnContr']/input[@onclick='return cancel();']\&quot;).click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5496" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T09:00:19.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7421" CreationDate="2013-12-31T15:14:22.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been wondering the same thing for the last couple of years.  In my organization we've begun using BDD style testing to help with our pyramid problems.  Right now we have about 800 automated acceptance tests, 3000 manual tests, 1500 integration/service tests, and 1000 unit tests.  Obviously not ideal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've realized that a lot of those manual tests, automated or not, can be tested more efficiently through integration or even unit tests, but our QA analysts have no idea what those lower level tests are doing.  Using BDD to describe the behavior that is being tested is helping QA analysts, SDETs, developers, etc all get on the same page as to what is being tested.  In most cases it doesn't really matter to anybody what the implementation of a specific test is, just that some behavior is functioning as intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your specific questions, I think this helps us avoid #1 and #2 before it's an issue.  Regarding test duplication, certain things like input validation are requirements at multiple levels (service, web) and we prefer to validate those at both levels with unit tests if possible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For #3 when a tester discovers a defect, he can write a BDD test for it which will be implemented at the correct level as determined by a developer or SDET (see the Depth of Test link below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple of things I've read about this topic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://fabiopereira.me/blog/2012/03/18/introducing-depth-of-test-dot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Depth of test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jamescrisp.org/2011/05/30/automated-testing-and-the-test-pyramid/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automated Testing and the Test Pyramid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T15:14:22.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7410" CreationDate="2013-12-31T16:59:52.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're using the Build-Deploy-Test workflow and use multiple agents to run your tests, then Test Suites are a natural way to organize this workflow (one test suite per agent). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2013-12-31T16:59:52.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7438" CreationDate="2013-12-31T21:21:32.527" Score="1" ViewCount="1290" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an intern at a small custom software company that was hired to help test some of their in house software. They didn't have the time or resources to hire a full time person for testing so they are starting out with an internship. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main responsibility is to come up with business scenarios, use cases, and turn those into test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't know anything about testing before this and the internship has not been as structured as previous ones that I have had, so I feel like my productivity has not nearly as high as I would like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have documented a few test scenarios for some features, and I have made a proof of concept of how I would expect an automated test suite to work with selenium2, sauce labs, and some spreadsheets converted into CSV files.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also stumbled on a BIG hole on their website as far as security goes, but they don't seem all that concerned. I'm glad I've at least found something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have learned a lot from the internship but I'm just not sure if I've given them much value back. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I apologize if my issue appears to be vague. I'm really just kind of venting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My main question is really what does a schedule/workflow for a QA tester look like? How do you work your way through one feature on a webpage app?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like my biggest weakness is just my lack of focus/organization. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6598" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T18:39:28.417" Title="QA internship..what should my workflow look like?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7331" CreationDate="2014-01-01T05:32:59.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my research I came upon a solution.That is J2Buzilla which is worth for my requirement.&#xA;you can explore it &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/j2bugzilla/.&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also using webdriver i got solution to get screen shot of bug using this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-using-selenium-webdriver-with-java&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T05:32:59.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7436" CreationDate="2014-01-01T06:17:32.367" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard to say what your workflow will be. I've worked a few SDET/QA jobs, and it really seems to vary quite a bit. I'll try to cover some of my experiences, though, and hopefully that will be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Everyday Things&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually like to start my day with a little bit of blackbox, just to get my brain into motion. I'll spend a little while every morning just playing around with an area of the app that I haven't used in a while. I'll do some boundary testing, maybe a bit of workflow, and some UI/UX stuff, just to keep it lively. For me, I think of this like stretching before your workout. Just get your brain in the proper mode to break stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I say this as someone whose job involves both black box and white box testing, but as I said early, this varies depending on your place. At this point, I'll focus a bit more on each type of testing, though I personally feel being good, or at least understanding both sides of the coin is important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Black Box&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the black box parts of my day, most of the time it will vary slightly by where in the release cycle we are in. If we are early in the release cycle, I spend my time talking with engineers about features they've been working on, and looking at and testing these things in a very focused manner. As the feature develops, I'll start to branch out and test more broadly the integration with other features, and the interactions between all the moving pieces, but I usually start small. If you have formal written test cases (I'd recommend you always do), this is a great time to write down what the feature does get workflows and usage scenarios written down. The amount of detail you go into and the granularity of your cases and scenarios varies by company, and by person. I tend to write more broad overviews of things so I don't spend a lot of time rewriting things as they get out of date, but some prefer step-by-step instructions so they don't miss anything. Just a matter of taste (in my opinion).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we are late in the product cycle, I usually step back from the product, and work on the end to end workflows. This is when I stop focusing on the areas, and start focusing on everything as a whole. I write scenarios that will take me through several different features, but be more typical to a user experience. It is important to remember that your use won't do the right thing, though, so you'll want to make sure to include &quot;bad&quot; workflows too. Taking notes during meetings with engineers early in the cycle, and calling out specific areas that might cause trouble can be a life saver at this stage. The focus here is on the whole thing, and less on the pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if you're in a continuous deployment system (like a website), this breaks down a bit. And in these cases, you'll want to make sure you're aware what is changing, and have staging environments to do testing as things get modified. This type of testing is a lot more chaotic, but not uncommon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;White Box&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a white box tester, my day is spent looking at what code is changing in the code base. I watch what check-ins come in, look through the code, and see if there are any repercussions they may have missed. A lot of times this means bouncing back to black box to test things out, but with educated guesses on what might be wrong. Having a good knowledge of the source code is very helpful, but knowing how the code works on a higher level is even more important in my opinion. Making sure you know which Jenga pieces might cause the tower to fall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, at my current job, unit and integration tests are written by the developer checking in the code, but I've had other jobs where that is the responsibility of the QE. This will vary, but if you are writing the tests yourself, you'll want to make sure you are writing thorough unit and integration tests for almost all the code going in. Throwing crazy things at the function is the best way to get it to break. And on the web, with all the chaos out there, crazy things will hit every function that will ever see any input, believe me. On a day to day, though, I found myself more looking at code then writing the tests, but this is one case where you are really always playing catch-up. That's ok. Your priorities will shift quickly as new code comes in, and boundary testing may have to wait for the 1 function that only gets called once. Just make sure you're on top of code changes is the key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;My Days are Chaos&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure I've ever had two days in a row where I've done the same thing, and I know that most weeks I don't accurately guess what I'm going to have accomplished by the end of the week. Things change quickly as a QA. You'll spend a lot of your time filing, verifying, and testing bugs, and a lot of your time doing everything but that. Some days will be about writing scenarios, talking with engineers and UX people, and thinking through workflows, and some days you'll be testing the crap out of that one little piece of code and won't even be thinking about the role that cog plays. And that's ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's my average day look like? I don't have one. I spend a lot of time, doing a lot of testing, and can get pulled in several different directions at once. Some days I'm pouring over code, and some days I'm just copy/pasting Romeo and Juliet into every text field I can find. It is just going to vary. At least in my experience, at the pace things operate at these days. Especially on the web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Working through a web app feature&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your other question, about how to work through a feature on a web app, varies a lot. But here's a simple checklist for what I usually do when starting with a new feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk to the engineer about the feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk some more to the engineer about the feature&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seriously, it may seem obviously, but often times they can give you some good ideas on areas that you might want to test. You don't always want to let them limit you, but sometimes they may point out areas you hadn't thought of&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write down the proper &quot;perfect&quot; use case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go through each step, and think of every way the dumbest person you know might mess up that step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go through each step, and think of how a malicious user might try and exploit that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go through each step, and think of all the possible valid values/interactions a user might use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go through each step, and think of all the possible invalid values/interactions a user might use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pat yourself on the back&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now think of every possible feature that this feature might interact with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat the steps above for each of these other feature interactions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remember to breathe. Always breathe. This is important.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panic a little&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now think of how the combinations of each of the above feature combinations might interact with other features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Panic a lot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop panicking, and repeat all of those steps above for each of these features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you've written stuff down outlining the steps above, so that someone else can panic about this all later&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2360" LastEditorUserId="2360" LastEditDate="2014-01-02T18:39:28.417" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T18:39:28.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7331" CreationDate="2014-01-01T08:51:23.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to do something on this lines. Here is the link for the same &lt;a href=&quot;http://jitendrajogeshwar.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jitendrajogeshwar.wordpress.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6639" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T08:51:23.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7431" CreationDate="2014-01-01T09:00:41.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;White box testing is based on internal structures of the software or website. In order to perform white box testing on an application, the tester needs to possess knowledge of the internal working of the code or use of program source code as a test basis. While in black box testing a tester will interact with the system's user interface by providing inputs and examining outputs without knowing how and where the inputs are worked upon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6575" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T09:00:41.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7550" CreationDate="2014-01-01T09:33:00.177" Score="3" ViewCount="9619" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating an application which has auto suggest text box. I am facing an issue that sometimes the auto suggest values are not shown up at all. This happens 50% of the time. Worrying part is this never happens when I try manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using latest version of Selenium WebDriver in .net C# and executing the tests on Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how the steps are in the Code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create WebDriver instance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find the TextBox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TextBox.Click() on the TextBox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TextBox.SendKeys(): I am entering value character wise which reduces the failure rate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver.wait(wait for dropdown)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TextBox.SendKeys(Keys.DownArrow)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TextBox.SendKeys(Keys.Enter)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TextBox.SendKeys(Keys.Tab)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pointers will really be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6639" LastActivityDate="2020-11-06T18:05:01.563" Title="Has any faced issue when automating auto suggest text box using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7431" CreationDate="2014-01-01T12:05:32.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talking about testing boxes. Your application is like a big box with boxes inside and so on. For instance, a Web site can be a box consisting of two boxes (aka tiers or layers): frontend and backend. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now when designing a test case are two decisions to be made&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What &lt;em&gt;information&lt;/em&gt; will you use to design test cases? Application requirements, UI, backend API, UML, backend source code, etc.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which &lt;em&gt;box&lt;/em&gt; will you test? Whole app, only frontend, only backend or maybe a single class?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here are some possible combinations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black-box testing of the whole app&lt;/strong&gt;. You may test the whole external box from UI perspective, using only information you found in UI and requirements from end-user perspective. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black-box testing of the backend&lt;/strong&gt;. You may as well test only backend API (JSON Web services), looking at how API is defined. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;White-box testing of the whole app&lt;/strong&gt;. You may as well take a look at what specification (e.g. UML sequence diagrams) says about interaction between front-end and backend and try to cover all paths of the interaction protocol. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grey box testing of the whole app&lt;/strong&gt;. You may also try to mix information you have about the system by looking both at the internals (e.g. what are error states the backend can be in) and how the whole application is reacting for different internal states (e.g., are errors with very long messages correctly displayed in the UI?). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which testing approach are you asking for? And how do you define white-box testing in your case? Think of a particular example of the application to discuss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-01T12:11:39.760" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T12:11:39.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="644" CreationDate="2014-01-01T12:42:45.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not test the final reports? This will make defining expected results easier and verify your ETL tool as well. Obviously, for a certain trade-off which I discuss later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I found with testing only an ETL tool in isolation is that a datamart DB schema (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_schema&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;star schema&lt;/a&gt;) is often more cumbersome to read and understand than the final report (this is for query performance reasons). Consequently, assertions/checks for data in datamart are harder to describe, read, and maintain and because of that more error-prone. Tests that will verify the final reports will be easier to understand and also deciding what is the expected result will be easier, because business people or a customer will be able to answer that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trade-off.&lt;/strong&gt; This approach has a number of obvious shortcomings related to testing more layers at once without testing them prior in isolation: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Isolating whether the error is in ETL tool or in the report definition.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report definition errors may mask errors in ETL tool. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feedback is delayed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Text execution is longer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, automating tests for reports is usually harder (tables, graphs), because you need to parse the report document.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We were able to limit some of those problems. For instance, we have limited the first problem by slowly including assertions on datamart into end-to-end tests. First, we had an end-to-end tests that checks only report, and as we learned about the &lt;em&gt;relation between original DB and datamart DB&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;between datamart DB and the report&lt;/em&gt;, we were able include more specific checkpoints in the test. Now, when the test fails, we are able to say in which layer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-01T12:58:55.730" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T12:58:55.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6889" CreationDate="2014-01-01T16:09:17.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is also another new standard rogarding softwore testing: ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119 Software Testing (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingstandard.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingstandard.org/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6377" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T16:09:17.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7441" CreationDate="2014-01-01T22:13:41.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Such Intermittent faults are the hardest ones to debug.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What I would like to suggest is to look around: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run tests under &lt;a href=&quot;http://fiddler2.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt;. This tool may help you to find http requests with errors. Also, it would be helpful to find the request which gets the suggestion list and reissue it several times (there is an option in context menu – reissue request.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the failure had happened, do not close the browser window, but check if there are any JavaScript errors in the Chrome Dev tools console.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to add Thread.Sleep before failing line. If the code will pass – that means you need to improve your current WebDriverWait expression, for instance, wait for some different element visibility  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If nothing will help, and the problem is not reproducible manually, I would suggest changing the test automation code to use mouse clicks instead of SendKeys()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastActivityDate="2014-01-01T22:13:41.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7430" CreationDate="2014-01-02T15:14:48.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Things like the tracking requests have nothing to do with your own application.  Whenever possible, you should avoid hitting these during your performance testing and if you are going to, ensure that said vendor is aware of the testing that is going on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I try to only send requests to my applications that I'm testing at the moment.  This can sometimes mean accessing data from other parts of the system, I try to keep it to a minimum.  If it seems like a 3rd party application could be a bottle neck, you may want to discuss with your team and the vendor how the requests could be formed and/or executed that would result in better performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T15:14:48.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7431" CreationDate="2014-01-02T22:03:08.740" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;OK...now that a few folks have voiced their perspectives on &quot;boxes&quot; let me try to answer your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to assume that we agree that by 'white box' testing you are referring to the act of designing static or dynamic tests based on the implementation of a programming language that performs some functional task or behavior in a software program; or more simply...designing tests from the program's source code (e.g. unit tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience (with the exception of unit tests) white box testing is almost always used as an adjunct to black-box domain and exploratory testing approaches. White box testing is usu. done to support and extend other testing approaches; never in lieu of other testing approaches. In general, testers may need to perform 'white-box' testing when:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is a business need or goal to increase code coverage measures&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the team has a specific goal or need to improve the code coverage metric, the most efficient way to &lt;strong&gt;improve&lt;/strong&gt; that metric is via white box testing. Black box and exploratory testing will increase the code coverage metric initially, but then quickly plateau. (Test coverage may be increasing, but the measure of new code paths being executed tends to flatten out.) So, if there is some reason to achieve some magical code coverage metric, white box testing is the most economical approach to reach that goal. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is a suspicion that some area of the program may be under-tested&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes there may be indicators that an area of the program are under-tested. Low code coverage measures of a module or component, high complexity measures or a module or component, or high defect density in a module or component may indicate that area of the software needs a deeper level of investigation/testing. White box testing can sometimes be used to design additional tests to provide greater confidence in a specific area of the code base, or provide additional critical perspective of the implementation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Security/reduced risk&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some studies suggest that formal code reviews (which is white box testing - static analysis of the implemented code) are the single most effective approach to identify security flaws in software. This does not imply that additional security testing measures are not required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, with the exception of unit testing, white box testing is not a starting point; it is used in addition to other testing. There may be benefits of adding white box testing to the test strategy for some software projects, but there can also be drawbacks such as additional cost, more time, and biased tests. Some types of software may benefit from white box testing, while it may be completely unnecessary for other types (e.g. games).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-01-02T22:03:08.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7451" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-03T02:27:48.993" Score="3" ViewCount="373" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my job I have to test &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Markdown documents&lt;/a&gt;. This includes looking for bugs related to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;procedure&lt;/strong&gt; described in the document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Typos&lt;/strong&gt;, grammar mistakes, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;HTML version&lt;/strong&gt; of the document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, what we do to log bugs is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a bug is a found, I &lt;strong&gt;write a comment in the document&lt;/strong&gt;. I don't like this because:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is not clear where the bug is (is the bug in the word or paragraph that is before or after the comment?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can actually break the document if I don't write the comment correctly (e.g. by forgetting the closing &lt;code&gt;--&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once I am done testing, I use a tool that looks for the comments I wrote, and I paste them into a &lt;strong&gt;new issue in our bugtracker&lt;/strong&gt;. I don't like this because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instead of creating a new issue per bug, I create one issue per document. This makes it hard for me to keep track of what bugs were fixed and what bugs were not fixed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It may be hard for the devs to understand the bugs (imagine reading something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Line 8: SEVERITY 3 - PROCEDURE - Consider rewriting the above paragraph for clarity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it immediately clear what the bug is? The dev now has to open the file that I edited and look for each and every one of the bugs. How tedious is that?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In order to &lt;strong&gt;get statistics about the bugs found&lt;/strong&gt; (type, severity, etc.), we use another tool that creates an Excel spreadsheet, and from there I have to create the graphs of statistics. I don't like this because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have to use two tools,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have to create the graphs manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This whole procedure is too complicated and hinders my performance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I can fix (2) and (3) by combining both tools into one, and automating the creation of graphs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;strong&gt;how can I fix (1)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: this question is also applicable to other types of documents (MS Word, most importantly). Feel free to suggest ways of reporting bugs in these formats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6037" LastEditorUserId="6037" LastEditDate="2014-01-03T03:53:36.117" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T10:21:23.323" Title="Bug reporting on documents" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7452" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8790" CreationDate="2014-01-03T06:39:46.227" Score="7" ViewCount="11639" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to test my application for GPS location without travelling in real-time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem behind my query :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am in need to test a travel-based application where your location will change according to the traveller's direction, now I need to test my  geo location-based app while on the drive (a car/some vehicle)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question&#xA;As location dynamically changes on the move, is it there any way to test the application for testing/simulate without travelling in a real-time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-09T10:17:24.970" LastActivityDate="2020-07-09T10:17:24.970" Title="How to test dynamic GPS location in mobile" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6386" CreationDate="2014-01-03T06:49:57.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For iOS I would like to suggest &lt;strong&gt;Test Studio&lt;/strong&gt; which is an existing tool. You can download this app from AppStore and integrate its extension in your app. Once its done then you can run your app from the &lt;strong&gt;Test Studio&lt;/strong&gt; and can record your script for the app. This script can be shared with different iOS devices using their web portal and you can run the script on different iOS devices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Android I have not used any tool that will actually work on real devices but there is one site &lt;strong&gt;TestObject&lt;/strong&gt; that provides web based simulators for almost all popular devices. On this site you can record the script for one simulator and can execute same script on another simulators also.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From last few day I have started using MonkeyTalk IDE for Android apps (you can try this tool for iOS also but I haven't used it for iOS and it gives some problem in integrating agent for iOS. We're figuring out the solution.) MonkeyTalk is open source tool and can be used efficiently. Yes, it has some drawbacks/shortcomings but still its a good tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastEditorUserId="5333" LastEditDate="2014-11-27T07:42:20.927" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T07:42:20.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7452" CreationDate="2014-01-03T06:57:31.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing location based app I used to travel to get exact results. But I used another way also by using the other Android apps that gives Fake GPS locations. By using fake GPS locations you can test your app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T06:57:31.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7451" CreationDate="2014-01-03T11:49:25.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Screenshots. Take a screenshot of the document, edit the image to highlight the problem area, and add it as an attachment to your bug report along with the markdown document (unedited).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7Fll4.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T11:49:25.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7456" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-03T12:07:05.120" Score="4" ViewCount="2445" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team of testers and me have a big collection of functional tests (written in python and run with pytest).&#xA;The thing is that all the tests are run on a single testing server, an ubuntu VPS with selenium,webdriver,firefox,chrome,xvfb,pytest etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would like us to do is create many different VMs (combinations of OSs and browser versions) that would be launched/run based on a configuration file, and would run the automated scripts that we have on our github repo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: I want to run these X scripts on a Windows 7 VM with IE8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently familiarizing myself with Vagrant as a possible solution. Would it be possible to create some base boxes with specific configurations and then &quot;somehow&quot; trigger them from an interface?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am referring to Puppet and Chef in the title because I have read many articles that combine them with Vagrant. I have no experience with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be helpful if I could understand the architecture that could be implemented... and maybe the limitations.&#xA;Essentially i would like to make a small and local implementation of SauceLabs/Browserstack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6176" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2014-12-10T18:04:25.723" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T10:34:06.503" Title="How to build a Testing Virtual lab using VMs,Vagrant,Puppet,Chef etc" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7451" CreationDate="2014-01-03T13:50:15.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @vincebowdren says, start with screenshots. There are numerous simple screenshot tools (I've been using the Windows 7 snipping tool for some time now - I can use the mouse to draw a rough circle around a problem area or highlight something), many of them freeware. I'd recommend mapping a keyboard shortcut to start the screenshot tool, for speed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't say if you're reporting a single issue per document in the bug tracking tool because that's what's required or because that's how it's always been done. If you move to one bug per issue you'll make reporting a whole lot easier (your tool is guaranteed to have a database back-end, which means you can build a simple front end to generate your graphs automatically - there will be an initial time investment to build the reporting interface, but once done it will save a great deal in time and accuracy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If reporting a single issue per document is policy and you can't change it&lt;/strong&gt;, I'd recommend these options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number the listed items and link it with a screenshot. This will give you an easy way to tell whether the fixes are covered, and the developers an easy way to know what the problem is. If your bug tool doesn't allow you to include screenshots inline, place the files in a shared directory and list a link to them (for example): &lt;code&gt;#3: Line 8: SEVERITY 3 - PROCEDURE - Consider rewriting the paragraph in \\files\issuefiles\documentname\item3unclearpara.gif for clarity.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Excel's ability to generate charts to build your graphs if you can't combine the tools. You may need to transform the data that's generated automatically, but that's doable through macros.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you can change to reporting one issue per issue&lt;/strong&gt;, I'd suggest considering these procedures:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Include the document title/name in each issue created for that document. I'd do this even if your issue tracking tool allows you to create a parent/child relationship between issues. It means you can easily search the issue tracking system for all issues relating to a specific document.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your issue tracking system allows parent/child relationships, I'd suggest creating a master issue for the document, then link every individual issue to it as a child issue. This can be used to simplify tracking and reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With an issue per problem found, you can directly mine the issue tracking database to generate metrics and graphs. Until you can get this built, using Excel's graphing capability should be doable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Include a screenshot with each issue by whatever method is best supported by the issue  tracking tool. Annotate or modify the screenshot as needed. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Free screenshot tools I know of&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Windows 7 and above snipping tool is basic but functional. It doesn't support text annotations&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jing provides a good free screenshot tool which supports text annotation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Print Screen key and pasting into Windows Paint or similar can do basic image annotation and markup&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;More information on screen capture tools can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techsupportalert.com/best-free-screen-capture-utility.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.techsupportalert.com/best-free-screen-capture-utility.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T13:50:15.220" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-01-03T15:39:54.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would argue that the Selenium IDE is not designed for creating more complex sequences as it relies on a number of assumptions about your application that may change and break your tests; Hardcoded IDs, strict structure dependence, and poor abstraction between operation (Click, Type, Click, Type, Click) and motivation (Login as Toby).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using the Selenium IDE to quickly identify the testability of the webapp in question, before moving to another language such as Python, Ruby, Java etc and making use of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PageObjects&lt;/a&gt; pattern to create more robust tests whilst being able to leverage the power of the language you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T15:39:54.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1278" CreationDate="2014-01-03T15:49:18.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;firefox(2194): Operation not permitted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This message indicates that your script has attempted to kill a firefox process that is owned by another user, or has been blocked by something like SELinux. Try running this command as administrator or root before running the tests again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would further speculate that the user running the tests is not the same user running Selenium RC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestions to fix;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop trying to kill firefox - Selnium RC (Remote Control) isn't always going to run on the same machine as your tests, and in grid setups will even run in parallel. Having to kill firefox manually implies a deeper problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kill the firefox processes yourself and ensure the Selenium-server process has been restarted to &quot;clean things up&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the tests and capture the log from selenium server itself - this will indicate connections being established, browsers starting etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;BadStatusLine&quot; is a Python error indicating a problem during communications with a web server and implies to me that the SeleniumServer has gotten into a state where the http responses are getting corrupted. The above steps may help with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2014-01-03T15:49:18.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7461" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-04T20:46:40.750" Score="3" ViewCount="243" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a windows desktop client(a branched version from main branch) 2-tier software that uses data source in sql server. I'm supposed to do system testing for this software at work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The software is a product/order/component catalogue software that contains information about computer models hierarchy with components that are suitable for that models. Each models can also be tracked to orders, and orders can give details about the computer model and specific components that the computer is configured with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have three types of users and each users have different access rights. For example, admin can create new users. Users could be viewer and editor. Editor have read&amp;amp;write access. Viewer have only read access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm kinda new to software testing. But I'm thinking since it's system testing. That I should: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;-create users.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-using created editor to create an item.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-using the editor account to create an order containing this item. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;-using a viewer to view the order. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;-using the editor to delele the order. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;-using the viewer to search for the order or component and assert that order is gone but component is still there.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-checking in the database if the order is removed but the component is still there. &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could this be a good start for a system testing for this application?&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also, is there a way or strategy to automate tests somehow? We might have access to QTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/JB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6087" LastEditorUserId="6087" LastEditDate="2014-01-04T22:21:00.053" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T19:34:26.853" Title="Is this system testing or end-to-end testing? How would I do system testing if it's not?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-05T02:31:03.447" Score="3" ViewCount="6069" Body="&lt;p&gt;Case Studies during job interview is a great technique which allows to find out how the candidate would behave in different situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, the following case: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Given a developer implemented a small new feature which adds the ability to show the latest earned badge on sqa.stackexchange.com. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are no written documentation/requirements for this feature, but you can gain an access to developers environment and ask any questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When would you plan to finish testing this enhancement? How are you going to test? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am looking for examples for such cases. Could the SQA community help with examples?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For instance, some cases may require the answer “I would use a boundary analysts”. Then the candidate should prove he/she understands this technique by defining the boundaries for particular case.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Or the candidate may select another technique and prove he can complete the task (case) with this decision.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During my research, I've found &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/3828/502&quot;&gt;this great answer from Justin&lt;/a&gt; on topic &#xA;&lt;em&gt;Techniques for test selection, give a large suite of test cases&lt;/em&gt;, which I am going to convert to a case study.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also, I've got some insights from topic: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/55/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-positions&quot;&gt;How should you interview for QA positions?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="502" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T14:52:34.153" Title="Software Tester Job Interview: Case studies on Test Design" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7462" CreationDate="2014-01-05T08:03:08.877" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checking black-box and white-box skills&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You've been given a task to test the &lt;code&gt;isPalindrom(String text) : boolean&lt;/code&gt; function. What are test cases you would propose and why?&#xA;  Now implement the function under test yourself. Are you seeing some more test cases to &#xA;  verify?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We used that question at our interviews, inspired by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3558/what-are-the-test-cases-or-test-scenarios-for-palindrome&quot;&gt;What are the test cases or test scenarios for palindrome&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another case we used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You have a function that takes coordinates of two rectangles and tells whether they are overlapping. What test cases can you think of? How would you group them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are pretty abstract questions, say math-related, though the first one can reveal practical problems as well, e.g., related to character encoding with multiple bytes (UTF-8 vs UTF-16). We still wanted to have something more like your original case, but related more to the backend testing and verifying ability to test on different levels/tiers of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A tool that migrates data from database A to B has been developed. The tool will be used to migrate all production data from version 1.0 of our app (operating on A) to version 2.0, currently being developed (operating on B). The schema may differ between each other. How are you going to make sure the application is working after migration? Provide your test strategy and sample test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I took the idea for this question from my own experience: I gathered requirements, developed and tested such a tool, and even asked how other would test it: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2625/how-to-test-data-migration-procedure&quot;&gt;How to test data migration procedure?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-01-05T14:52:34.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7128" CreationDate="2014-01-06T05:59:04.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;in case of IOS testing I came upon an userful link &lt;a href=&quot;http://natashatherobot.com/simulate-bad-network-ios-simulator/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3104" LastActivityDate="2014-01-06T05:59:04.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7330" CreationDate="2014-01-06T06:06:36.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all you would need a sandbox user for testing In App purchase. Once its available you can start testing. I would like to mention some of the test cases I followed for In App Purchase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if user is able to buy the app on entering &lt;strong&gt;correct&lt;/strong&gt; credentials&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check user is &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; able to buy the app on entering &lt;strong&gt;incorrect&lt;/strong&gt; credentials&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the status of the app when user enters correct credentials, In App purchase is started and meanwhile connection to Network is lost&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow test case 3 first and when Network connection is back then check the status of the In App purchase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do In App purchase of the app on one device, Delete the App, Re-Install the app and then check In App purchase again. In this case app should not charge money for same In App purchase that's like Restoring the In App purchase. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check In App purchase using sandbox users from different countries like create sandbox users those have permission to buy app from particular country app store only and check the In App purchase for these sandbox users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you will find this helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2014-01-06T06:06:36.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10048" CreationDate="2014-01-06T06:39:51.063" Score="1" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently we are working on one of the web app for Mobile (that will cover iOS and Android devices).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question here is what should be the strategy for testing web apps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it necessary to check on all possible popular devices and with all possible popular web browsers for devices?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T11:37:18.983" Title="Web application testing on Mobile browser" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7564" CreationDate="2014-01-06T10:57:27.073" Score="0" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are thinking of adding a Citrix test environment in testing our desktop application.  Currently we are only using different virtualized Windows operating systems using VMWare Workstation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not really familiar with a Citrix environment so I would like to know if XenClient is an effective way to jump-start our Citrix environment testing. I am also thinking of running XenClient on the Cloud.  Has anyone encountered problems with this kind of setup for testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I am not familiar with Citrix, I am also wondering what is the difference between using XenClient and XenDesktop.  I have a desktop application that I need to test on different Windows environments and setups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6664" LastEditorUserId="6664" LastEditDate="2014-01-07T15:14:23.133" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T16:23:36.493" Title="Is XenClient an effective way to jump-start testing in a Citrix environment?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2014-01-06T12:12:01.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's another one to throw into the pot, the BBC open sourced something that they use called Wraith, it's available on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/BBC-News/wraith&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GitHub.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To steal directly from their readme:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wraith uses either PhantomJS or SlimerJS to create screen-shots of different environments and then creates a diff of the two images, the affected areas are highlighted in blue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Eyhd.png&quot; alt=&quot;Wraith Example&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirements&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll need either PhantomJS or SlimerJS, ImageMagick &amp;amp; Ruby 1.9.3 or greater. It's up to you to decide which browser engine you want to run it against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works on Windows, Linux and OSX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:04:21.853" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:04:21.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7275" CreationDate="2014-01-06T12:34:03.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you state that you do want to go back into development I would suggest you don't look at QA at all.  QA is not, and should not be seen as, the easy option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good QA professionals have a range of skills that are as varied and hard to learn as development skills.  If for example you want to focus on automation you will need to learn to program in a new language anyway.  The focus may well be on different things but learning a programming language is just as difficult for QA's and Developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my mind the main thing that sets apart QA and developers is the testing mindset, the ability to constantly question everything, to explore and examine things and to use things in unexpected ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="540" LastActivityDate="2014-01-06T12:34:03.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2425" CreationDate="2014-01-06T12:45:00.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If allowed and possible, better idea would be to break the report in multiple sub reports. This way you will be able to get all required data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-31T21:12:00.280" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T21:12:00.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7473" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-06T15:57:16.153" Score="0" ViewCount="9063" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for some advice on how to select a WebElement.&#xA;When I click a button that creates a new 'page', the given value is dynamic, in that it is totally random and not sequential. I would expect it to follow something like: page 1 = 0, page 2 = 1, page 3 = 2, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default I begin with a page. Although when I trigger a button to create new pages the values appear as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select class=&quot;j-currentPage f-feature-A&quot; name=&quot;currentPage&quot;&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;c3&quot;&amp;gt;New Page&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;c277&quot;&amp;gt;New Page 2&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;c383&quot;&amp;gt;New Page 3&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;option selected=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;c461&quot;&amp;gt;New Page 4&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when I attempt to use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; option = chrome.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    option.get(0).click();&#xA;    option.get(1).click();&#xA;    option.get(0).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's obviously failing as the values are c277, c346 etc etc, and there is no way of knowing what the values will be in a new session as they will always be different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stacktrace is throwing a &lt;code&gt;StaleElementReferenceException&lt;/code&gt; because its not in the DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I select each page when the values are completely random?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Webdriver and JUnit4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test method: to create some new pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void createANewPage(){&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(chrome, 60);&#xA;&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;select.j-currentPage.f-feature-A[name=\&quot;currentPage\&quot;]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement newPage = chrome.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;span.j-addViewBtn.ss-layers&quot;));&#xA;    newPage.click();&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; option = chrome.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    option.get(1).click();&#xA;&#xA;    option.get(0).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then a few tests later I want to call back the created page(s)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void goToPage(){&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 60).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;select.j-currentPage.f-feature-A[name=\&quot;currentPage\&quot;]&quot;)));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; option = chrome.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    option.get(0).click();&#xA;    option.get(1).click();&#xA;    option.get(0).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I receive a &lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException&lt;/code&gt; at the point of the third &lt;code&gt;option.get(0).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I feel as though I'm approaching this the wrong way as the values are dynamically created &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;c3&quot;&amp;gt;New Page&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;c207&quot;&amp;gt;New Page 2&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;c288&quot;&amp;gt;New Page 3&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option selected=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;c366&quot;&amp;gt;New Page 4&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastEditorUserId="6506" LastEditDate="2014-01-08T09:33:36.187" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T21:07:46.573" Title="Best approach to use when values are dynamically created?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7473" CreationDate="2014-01-06T16:58:20.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would try to use xpath. And here I see two ways: 1) function &lt;code&gt;contains(text(),'New Page')&lt;/code&gt; -- it searches by partial text, 2) function &lt;code&gt;text()='New page \\d+'&lt;/code&gt; -- it searches every text 'New pages ' followed by numbers (using regex). Doing this allows you to avoid verifying dynamic values of elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-01-06T16:58:20.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-07T03:05:51.437" Score="2" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know if there is any acceptable ratio for test size data size compared to production data size? If my prod data is 200TB would a test data size of 20TB be adequate? Does such a consideration exist?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6669" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T16:04:09.537" Title="Question about usage of production data as test data" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7426" CreationDate="2014-01-07T05:07:06.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Compliance testing certifies the product meets minimum documented requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These requirements are available generally for broader group who may like to use your product assuming the product meets documented requirements. This group will be interested in checking compliance first. (and so it is important to have compliance report ready)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However compliance testing generally do not throw light on general software quality or defect density. You will need to plan normal test cycle for the product to ensure overall software quality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T05:07:06.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7473" CreationDate="2014-01-07T05:47:57.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement selectButton = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;currentPage&quot;));&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list_selectButton = selectButton.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; list = new ArrayList&amp;lt;&amp;gt;(); {List stores the dynamic values of every option tag under select menu]&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;for(int i=0; i&amp;lt; list_selectButton-1; i++){&#xA;&#xA;list.add(list_selectButton.get(i).getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//Now retrieve list contents and you can perform your tasks.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, in order to click on every option element in your above scenario, I don't think you need to find the dynamic value, instead you can do something like this below -&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selectButton.click() // This will ensure that the option elements under it is now visible in the DOM and then you continue to click the option elements.&#xA;&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000) // Delay because sometimes option elements will not be visible immediately, need to wait for sometime. You can add wait statements here instead.&#xA;&#xA;list_selectButton.get(0).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6671" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-01-07T13:09:22.750" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T13:09:22.750" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7477" CreationDate="2014-01-07T07:24:46.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several factors to consider when selecting test data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if your 200TB of production data is essentially equivalent, then you could potentially calculate a statistical sample from the total equivalent population. If not you could group your 200TB of production data into smaller equivalent subsets and calculate sample sizes for each subset population of data. However, there could always be outliers and if those aren't correctly identified then you could be stepping over some pretty big holes. Also, you might want to identify any failure indicators such as production data that has been historically problematic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, there is no magic formula. Part of the challenge as a tester is to determine the appropriate test data, and the appropriate amount of test data that will provide confidence that the feature is well tested and has a low risk of failure with production data in the wild.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T07:24:46.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7451" CreationDate="2014-01-07T10:21:23.323" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you to use following tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ducklink Screen Capture.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ducklink.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ducklink.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll find it very useful as it provides the friendly capture and editor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6677" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T10:21:23.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7482" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-07T11:53:14.127" Score="0" ViewCount="764" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to download the file, if we click on download, after downloading it it will ask confirmation to open or save file. It should save without asking confirmation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me how to handle this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6678" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-18T08:40:03.737" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T08:40:03.737" Title="If we click on down load file it will ask for confirmation whether to open or save? how to handle this in selenium web driver using python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7477" CreationDate="2014-01-07T12:58:17.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Bj Rollison says, it depends on the nature of the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My view is that good test data meets these criteria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Representative&lt;/strong&gt; - the test data covers the largest possible combination of configuration/settings. For instance, if your application supports retail sales in multiple countries, your test data needs to include currency sets with zero, one, two, and three decimal places. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comprehensive&lt;/strong&gt; - the test data covers every feature of your application. For example, if your application includes the ability to securely store payment information, then you need test data that has payment information and test data that doesn't have payment information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flexible&lt;/strong&gt; - your test data needs to be flexible enough that you can easily copy/adapt it to new feature development and clean corrupted data. It sounds from your question like you have one massive data store that does everything: in this case it's not practical to flush your data store and start clean for testing, so you need to a mechanism to quickly clear corrupted data (this is &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; necessary for test data, since I've never known a test situation that didn't end up generating bad data) as well as a way to use a base data set to generate new scenarios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Versioned&lt;/strong&gt; - This is particularly important when supporting non-web-based items, but if at all possible it helps to know which version of your application your test data is optimized for. Given your situation, I suspect you're stuck with whatever level of auditing and versioning your database schema is configured with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Isolated&lt;/strong&gt; - By this I mean that the test data your application works with is not mixed with the data you enter during your testing (if your testing involves data entry) and that you have some means of rolling back data changes when testing is done. With a large database this becomes complex. If your testing is mostly or all data retrieval and manipulation, this is less important.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Known&lt;/strong&gt; - No matter what your test data looks like, you need to know what you have there and how it's structured. That doesn't necessarily mean you need to be intimately familiar with all 200TB of your production data (or the full amount of your test data), but it does mean you need to know enough to recognize the impact of schema changes and be able to recognize when a schema change needs to be propagated to your test data set.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short version is that there is no hard rule for how much test data is enough. If the 20TB sample you take from your 200TB production database doesn't cover a particular feature, you've got a hole that will likely become a regression magnet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T12:58:17.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7482" CreationDate="2014-01-07T18:31:16.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your goal is to bypass the confirmation for testing purposes, I know this can be done for Chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open chrome://settings/ in the Chrome browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the &quot;Show advanced settings...&quot; link&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scroll down to the &quot;Downloads&quot; settings &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uncheck the box labeled &quot;Ask&#xA;where to save each file before downloading&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you run your tests on Chrome you should be able to verify your download process with a more pure Selenium approach (not having to dabble in any black magic to get script away that dialog)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T18:31:16.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7477" CreationDate="2014-01-07T19:01:51.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to the previous responses, it also depends on the kind of testing you are trying to perform.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance or load testing: Figure out the scale of your test environment compared to the production e.g. If your production has 100 application servers and 10 database servers to handle your 200 TB data with given set of server configuration, you might be able to achieve your load and performance testing with 10 application servers and 1 db server with 20TB of data (these numbers also depend on the configs of your servers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of functional testing, you might want to cover various use cases with as less data as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="63" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T19:01:51.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2014-01-07T21:58:56.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I experienced issues when trying to scale to large numbers of users with Selenium Grid. I ended up going with Funkload because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is significantly easier to scale and run tests quickly&#xA;(without random hang-ups of browser instances) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has an easy-to-use recorder of http requests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It makes it easy to load test API's by implementing the webunit Python module.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has graphical output that can include server monitoring (if configured)&#xA;which is very helpful in visualizing the output.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the docs here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://funkload.nuxeo.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://funkload.nuxeo.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6346" LastActivityDate="2014-01-07T21:58:56.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7512" CreationDate="2014-01-08T00:45:06.850" Score="2" ViewCount="289" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently written a bunch of aspects (using PostSharp in C#) that will be applied to methods in some high traffic sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I make sure they are going to perform?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone recommend some load testing/profiling techniques that I can use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6682" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T07:52:05.057" Title="How do I test Aspects (AOP)?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7488" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-08T01:10:42.220" Score="2" ViewCount="12161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in the process of writing Manual Test Scripts for a system in System Testing Phase. A comprehensive set of Use Cases have been prepared by the Business Analysts on team. From these Test Scenarios and Test Conditions have been derived.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The system is a multi component request processing system where a user at one end can request a service from a devices at at the other end. The system developed processes these requests (authenticates user, authorises requests, routes requests to correct device, etc...). There are also different data variables involved - different Service users, different device alerts, different device statuses, etc... These will also need to be considered when testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is the best way of writing the scripts? Each use case has multiple steps in the flow. Do we write a test for each step in the flow or for for the whole use case? I wrote tests for each step in the flow, but in the end it looked very repetitive. I could have written one test for the whole use case and just change the test data (but is this really one test?)An example use case would be 'Process request'. A sample step in the flow is 'Acknowledge request from user' and another would be ' Log request'. Should a separate test be written for each of these parts of the flow? Or one test for 'Process Request'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I dont know If I'm looking in the wrong places, but I usually find lots of articles, docs on test planning, test preparation,etc.. but little on writing effective manual test  cases/scripts.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2063" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T18:32:34.373" Title="Approach to writing Manual Test cases/Scripts" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7488" CreationDate="2014-01-08T08:44:34.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not easy to answer because it depends on many things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what other types of tests are done? You are working on system tests,&#xA;but what is done on the other levels of functional tests on specific&#xA;components?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who is going to run the tests? Remote QA team in outsourcing company or internal &quot;agile-testing&quot; team does not need the same type of resource&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As this is &quot;system test&quot;, they should be quite &quot;end to end&quot; and match your &quot;use case&quot; not your &quot;steps&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have small variations on the same test pattern, don't create multiple test cases with the same steps repeated. That's going to be a hassle to update. I would create another test case entry but with a reference to a single place where the main steps are described (could even be the documentation of the product in fact)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;don't go into too much details in the tests steps so that testers are a little bit in an exploratory test situation and end-up finding unexpected situations/problems (and do some exploratory test session as well). Plus simple/short tests are going to be more easy to maintain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T08:44:34.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7488" CreationDate="2014-01-08T12:41:36.327" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience with documenting system tests, I've found a multi-layered approach works. I really like Microsoft Test Manager for this because of two things: the ability to define input parameters for manual tests and the concept of shared test steps which can be used by any test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't mention if you're using a test case tool, word, excel or some other method of documentation, but you can adapt what I'm describing to any tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work top-down&lt;/strong&gt;: I start at the use case or acceptance criteria if there are no test scenarios or test conditions defined, and treat each scenario as a high level test in a larger test suite. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identify and extract repetitions&lt;/strong&gt;: In any moderately complex system there will be a lot of  repeated actions, either with identical data or with near-identical data. I aim to extract anything that is going to happen more than once into its own unit (either a test that gets linked as a prerequisite to another test or as shared test steps) and nest as deep as I have to. For instance, with login credentials, I'll define a test or shared steps for &quot;successful admin login&quot; which contains admin login credentials, a link to &quot;successful login&quot; shared steps, and the expected view or data returned (this may be in the generic successful login). The &quot;successful login&quot; contains even more generic &quot;login&quot; shared steps with no indication of what happens on completion - that's handled by the success/fail test steps. It's effectively refactoring for DRY in your manual test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Define data separately&lt;/strong&gt;: I prefer to have my test data as a separate source than the test cases, and reference it. The precise form of the data will vary, but I've used database, zipped files containing data sets, text files, XML... Whatever works. The key thing here is that it's something I can reference from any test case and reuse infinitely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Just in time&quot; detailing&lt;/strong&gt;: Generally speaking, I don't go into details in my test cases until I need to. When I'm initially creating them, I'll keep it basic - a test case might be &quot;logged in admin requests A from device Z, all OK&quot; (this usually corresponds closely to any identified scenarios). Then I'll break this down to a series of smaller tests: &quot;1. log in as admin; 2. send request A. 3. check response from device Z&quot;. From that, I'll reference the more detailed repeated items - so for instance I'll have a reference to the exact structure of the request being sent. I rarely if ever go as far as &quot;click this button&quot; type test steps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leave room for exploration&lt;/strong&gt;: Rather than script manual tests in extreme detail, I prefer to work at a level that allows the tester to choose different ways of entering data or performing actions. I'll usually include mention of critical actions to use (such as &quot;check each defined keyboard shortcut triggers the defined action in document X page Y&quot;) - this works better when testers are familiar with the application and/or are experienced testers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steel thread first&lt;/strong&gt;: This should go without saying, but still... My priority is always to start with the functionality defined in the use cases, and make sure that works under the conditions which are expected and/or defined. I don't even consider anything outside that boundary until I know that much is working. Often I don't detail other tests until after I've got the steel threat sorted (because there is rarely time to test as completely as I'd like and if I had a dollar for every time I've been unable to test anything outside steel thread I'd have a whole lot more money than I do).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remember the goal&lt;/strong&gt;: The reason for your tests is to provide the business people running the project with information about the &lt;em&gt;state&lt;/em&gt; of the project. Testers aren't the gatekeepers - we don't have the perspective. Your tests should be designed to give as much information as possible about the project's state in the shortest possible time. In order to do this, you'll need to identify the most critical scenarios (which can be interesting when you're in an environment where everything is critical - been there...) and prioritize your tests accordingly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T12:41:36.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7473" CreationDate="2014-01-08T21:07:46.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the element you are interacting with is being replaced in the DOM, which appears to be the case since you're getting a stale element exception, you'll need to find the element again rather than re-using the existing one.  So for example, you would do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;chrome.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;)).get(0).click();&#xA;chrome.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;)).get(1).click();&#xA;chrome.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;)).get(0).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to put it in a try/catch block and refresh only if an exception is caught.  I found a good example of a generic method of waiting for all of your elements here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/djangofan/5112655&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://gist.github.com/djangofan/5112655&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether the element is being generated dynamically or not is really kind of irrelevant, this happens any time an element is removed from the DOM and then re-added (including if you navigate to a new page and then back to the original page).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T21:07:46.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7456" CreationDate="2014-01-08T23:03:14.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team has created some Gradle tasks that spin up VM's using vagrant and then deploy stuff to the VM's using Chef (similar to puppet).  It would be possible to do something like this for your test infrastructure, but it is a lot of work not only to build the initial infrastructure, but also to maintain those VM's over time, especially with the number of configurations you're talking about.  I would suggest an alternative.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt; is a service that already exists to do what you want to do and is not too expensive.  It allows you to execute your WebDriver tests on their grid and their site has a lot of great documentation, making it relatively easy to get set up.  In addition, you can watch your tests executing in real time, view videos of the tests after the fact, and get screenshots, all easily configurable.  Their logging/reporting infrastructure is also pretty mature, you can easily use it out of the box to cover most of your reporting needs.  If you haven't investigated it, I would highly recommend doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-01-08T23:03:14.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7452" CreationDate="2014-01-09T03:25:18.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could to create a Test-specific build which stubs the input GPS data. By having a data-input interface (in code) you could have fake GPS information fed in - I'm not sure what the data is or how it will look, but whoever developed the application should be able to engineer this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this is going to be a build which is never to be released to production it will allow you to gain some confidence in the gps coordinate functionality quickly and easily, without leaving your seat. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Occasionally - at least once - during an Integration stage the actual GPS-mapping (non-stubbed) will also require actual testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6165" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T03:25:18.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-09T10:53:41.387" Score="0" ViewCount="2575" Body="&lt;p&gt;Robotium How to click or enter or select a file in Downloads folder on android device to open options as (Gallery, Image Gallery, Photos, ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        String filepath = &quot;/Downloads/&quot;;&#xA;        File file = new File(filepath +&quot;images.jpeg&quot; );&#xA;        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);&#xA;   intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);&#xA;   intent.setClassName(&quot;com.android.providers.downloads.ui&quot;, &quot;com.android.providers.downloads.ui.DownloadList&quot;);&#xA;   getInstrumentation().getContext().startActivity(intent);&#xA;   setActivityIntent(intent);&#xA;        Solo solo2 = new Solo(getInstrumentation(), getActivity());&#xA;   solo2.getCurrentViews();&#xA;   assertNotNull(solo2);&#xA;   solo2.clickInList(1);&#xA;   solo2.sendKey(solo2.ENTER);&#xA;   solo2.waitForDialogToOpen(10000);&#xA;        solo2.clickInList(1);&#xA;        solo2.clickOnButton(&quot;Just once&quot;);&#xA;        ....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to run it and get error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: AbsListView is not found!&#xA;at com.jayway.android.robotium.solo.Waiter.waitForAndGetView(Waiter.java:501)&#xA;at com.jayway.android.robotium.solo.Clicker.clickInList(Clicker.java:450)&#xA;at com.jayway.android.robotium.solo.Clicker.clickInList(Clicker.java:430)&#xA;at com.jayway.android.robotium.solo.Solo.clickInList(Solo.java:1170)&#xA;at com.nsi.mobile.client.autotest.TestPrintQueue.testPrintfromOutside(TestPrintQueue.java:104)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)&#xA;at android.test.InstrumentationTestCase.runMethod(InstrumentationTestCase.java:214)&#xA;at android.test.InstrumentationTestCase.runTest(InstrumentationTestCase.java:199)&#xA;at android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2.runTest(ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2.java:192)&#xA;at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:190)&#xA;at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:175)&#xA;at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:555)&#xA;at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1584)&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help me, please. Thank all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6692" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-01-10T12:44:43.153" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T09:10:30.463" Title="Robotium How to click or enter or select a file in Downloads folder on android device to open options" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7495" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-09T16:08:22.363" Score="0" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are working on a large project which involves LOTS of content being migrated to a new version of a website. I would like to be able to test the content on a page from the old site, with the same content on the new site, to ensure it all migrated properly (verifying elements/pictures/links are present etc.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I've been using Selenium tests written in Python for all of my web-testing thus-far, but this task is a bit out of my league. Can I open and test two pages at once?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6459" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T08:46:19.980" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T08:46:19.980" Title="Migrating website content, need to test using Selenium/Python" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7410" CreationDate="2014-01-09T17:24:05.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agreeing with all responses so far.  But I will add a management item to the list.  If you are reporting on testing progress to the boss or higher, it is often helpful to report in broad categories, which may or may not be drillable into finer detail as desired. These categories translate to suites in the test system because it is here you will put your statistics from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case, our organization has over 2000 tests, which are ever increasing.  To report progress on testing, show bottlenecks or problem areas, I report on perhaps 30 areas, which correspond to feature areas in the software.  Thus, you do not need to go very deep to find out that Import is showing problem areas or Installation is having issues in a given build.  And it also shows quickly your pass percentage and whether the failures are on critical items or less critical items that could be handled in a hot fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6697" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T17:24:05.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7495" CreationDate="2014-01-09T17:28:56.887" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you need Selenium for this task?  If you have an existing suite of Selenium tests, you can run them against the new site to verify the functionality is working, but in general Selenium is not the best tool for validating look and feel, or massive amounts of content.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several link checker tools that will crawl all of the links and download all the images on your site and ensure they aren't broken.  In addition, you can simply diff the folders from the old site and the new site and ensuring all of the files are there where you expect them to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can probably visually spot check the content as well, opening the same pages from the old site vs new site on monitors side by side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-01-09T17:28:56.887" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6982" CreationDate="2014-01-10T08:25:30.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inspired by JUnit's experimental ParallelComputer runner I've built my own ParallelSuite and ParallelParameterized runners. Using these runners one can easily parallelize test suites and parameterized tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ParallelSuite.java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ParallelSuite extends Suite {&#xA;    public ParallelSuite(Class&amp;lt;?&amp;gt; klass, RunnerBuilder builder) throws InitializationError {&#xA;&#xA;        super(klass, builder);&#xA;&#xA;        setScheduler(new RunnerScheduler() {&#xA;&#xA;            private final ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);&#xA;&#xA;            public void schedule(Runnable childStatement) {&#xA;                service.submit(childStatement);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public void finished() {&#xA;                try {&#xA;                    service.shutdown();&#xA;                    service.awaitTermination(Long.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);&#xA;                } catch (InterruptedException e) {&#xA;                    e.printStackTrace(System.err);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        });&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ParallelParameterized.java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ParallelParameterized extends Parameterized {&#xA;&#xA;    public ParallelParameterized(Class&amp;lt;?&amp;gt; arg0) throws Throwable {&#xA;&#xA;        super(arg0);&#xA;&#xA;        setScheduler(new RunnerScheduler() {&#xA;&#xA;            private final ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(8);&#xA;&#xA;            public void schedule(Runnable childStatement) {&#xA;                service.submit(childStatement);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public void finished() {&#xA;                try {&#xA;                    service.shutdown();&#xA;                    service.awaitTermination(Long.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);&#xA;                } catch (InterruptedException e) {&#xA;                    e.printStackTrace(System.err);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        });&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage is simple. Just change @RunWith annotations value to one of these Parallel* classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(ParallelSuite.class)&#xA;@SuiteClasses({ATest.class, BTest.class, CTest.class})&#xA;public class ABCSuite {}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6699" LastEditorUserId="2482" LastEditDate="2014-01-15T17:41:12.757" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T17:41:12.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7499" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7547" CreationDate="2014-01-10T17:14:48.750" Score="0" ViewCount="697" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the Xpath generator that comes built into OpenScript's editor, I have generated an xpath to select an attribute of a node:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/*[local-name()='test_results']/@tests&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when pasted into http.solveXPath, I get errors saying that the variable could not be solved. I have confirmed that the result of the previous get is what I think it is, and I used the auto-saved content.txt as input to the generator, but it still isn't working. What else could be wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The beginning of my XML is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&amp;lt;test_results hostname=&quot;10.0.0.176&quot; tests=&quot;2&quot; failures=&quot;0&quot; errors=&quot;0&quot; timestamp=&quot;{ts '2014-01-10 11:15:47'}&quot; time=&quot;125&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;test_case number=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ETA: I'm really concerned with why the xpath generator isn't working, but for the sake of argument, I have also tried the following xpath statements to no effect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/*test_results/@tests&#xA;/test_results/@tests&#xA;/test_results[@hostname='10.0.0.176']@tests&#xA;/test_results[@hostname='10.0.0.176']/@tests&#xA;/test_results[@hostname=&quot;10.0.0.176&quot;]@tests&#xA;/test_results[@hostname=&quot;10.0.0.176&quot;]/@tests&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2014-01-11T22:55:06.693" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T14:28:30.173" Title="Openscript generated xpath not matching" Tags="&lt;oracle-ats&gt;&lt;oracle-openscript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6239" CreationDate="2014-01-11T15:19:10.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no &quot;yes&quot; or &quot;no&quot; answer to this question.  As a tester, it will be your job to identify and communicate the level of risk involved in not testing a specific part of your system.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test lead will then need to decide whether the level of risk is acceptable and structure the test scope accordingly.  Depending on the structure of your organisation, this may need to be included in Test documentation to be signed off by someone more senior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to consider what the &lt;em&gt;Likelihood&lt;/em&gt; is of something going wrong and that the &lt;em&gt;Impact&lt;/em&gt; of that failure would be.  Then consider who much more time and effort it would add to the testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just remembert, no matter what the organisation charts might say, as a Tester, YOU are responsible for the quality of the code that goes out.  Management are interested in costs and timescales but your job should be primarily about the quality of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When in doubt, test more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T15:19:10.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7477" CreationDate="2014-01-11T16:04:09.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there is no &lt;em&gt;apriori&lt;/em&gt; acceptable ratio.  Here is why: without knowing the production data's probability distribution, you cannot determine how big your representative sample needs to be.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A way to proceed is to decide on a way to measure a sample's distribution and then measure progressively bigger samples until the distribution converges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't do that experiment, you may need to just choose the largest sample you can afford to work with, and make it clear to everyone why you made that choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T16:04:09.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7502" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-11T22:02:55.827" Score="0" ViewCount="3808" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone tell me if by using the following code is sufficient enough to verify that the actions performed have taken place. So by using a wait command for certain elements to be visible in the DOM, instead of using &lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals()&lt;/code&gt; (or similar), is it valid? Or would there be a better approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my understanding, asserting an action is the way to prove the actions performed have been successful. Although if I was to wait for an element to be visible, is this somewhat the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void openButton(){&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(chrome, 30);&#xA;&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.menu.navButton&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement menuBtn = chrome.findElementByCssSelector(&quot;div.menu.navButton&quot;);&#xA;    menuBtn.click();&#xA;&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.menuPopup.t-menuPopup-A&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement openBtn = chrome.findElementByCssSelector(&quot;div.menuItem.f-feature-A.j-openProject&quot;);&#xA;    openBtn.click();&#xA;&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.t-searchInput-A.j-treeFilter-input[placeholder='Search']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement xBtn = chrome.findElementByCssSelector(&quot;p.closeButton&quot;);&#xA;    xBtn.click();&#xA;&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;p.closeButton&quot;)));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T11:46:35.853" Title="Using WebDriverWait to verify a performed action versus assertions in JUnit" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7499" CreationDate="2014-01-11T22:17:10.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this. Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The xpath has to start and end within the same entity and &lt;code&gt;local-name&lt;/code&gt; doesn't appear to be valid on this line of your xml file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/test_results[@hostname=&quot;10.0.0.176&quot;]@tests&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastActivityDate="2014-01-11T22:17:10.913" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7452" CreationDate="2014-01-12T14:25:59.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We'll need more information to have a better answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the meanwhile here are some options-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buy a GPS simulator. It costs a few 10K's$ but will solve your problems since it generates &quot;real&quot; GPS signal. As a bonus it will also test your GPS receiver, and your application with non-ideal GPS conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Feed the application faked coordinated (see kiwimatt reply). for example by injecting NMEA messages or other messages at the driver level (GPS chip -&gt; HW interface -&gt; SW interface -&gt; driver -&gt;[insert messages here]-&gt; application). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can generate coordinates along a route by taking a GPS receiver to a drive (there are cheap USB GPS dongles you can plug to a laptop, or cheap standalone receivers communicating by Bluetooth).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-01-12T14:25:59.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7461" CreationDate="2014-01-12T21:25:56.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I would test this software will be focusing on different areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;unit testing or library:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am not sure whether you will have access to the code or the developers have done some unit test on the components in the software. In this phase, you can test out the functionality of the components in the software easily (without the interaction of the UI, and most of the database server conditions e.g., lost connection, timeout etc can be mocked easily).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;User stories or UAT testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am not sure you have external customers or not. If not, you can impersonate as one of the three users and try to use the software. The main focus there is to make sure the software is able to solve the problems of the three users in a scenario etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;UI or usability testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;as the name implies, to ensure the button/form/text field etc make sense for the user. You properly will find most of these problems when doing UAT testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;not sure the software will be heavily used or not. Just in case, it needs to support multiple concurrent transactions. You might want to ensure the database is able to handle the load and no duplicate user can be created.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 &amp;amp; 4 need to be done in a test environment (system testing)&#xA;1 &amp;amp; 3 can be done in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastEditorUserId="15597" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T19:34:26.853" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T19:34:26.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6685" CreationDate="2014-01-12T21:56:04.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Praveen:&#xA;  your problem lies with the way you have authenticated to the website. You cannot just put the s.auth in request and hope it will work. The website probably is not using HTTP-Basic Auth. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how you should do it (on windows machine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List item&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;install a HTTP/Web tracer (Fiddler is available here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://fiddler2.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://fiddler2.com/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The site is in HTTPS, so you have enable Fiddler to be the proxy to capture the traffic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do the test manually on IE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;save the trace &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write your python code to mimic the browser call especially the authentication part.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;session = requests.Session()&#xA;auth_url = 'https://server.com'&#xA;credential = {'username':'user1', 'password':'pass', 'logonBtn':'1'}&#xA;#authenticate first&#xA;resp = session.post(auth_url, data=credential)&#xA;resp.raise_for_status() # -&amp;gt; make sure it is 200&#xA;&#xA;# do your file uploading code here...&#xA;resp = session.post(upload_url, files=file_to_upload)&#xA;resp.raise_for_status() # -&amp;gt; check it is 200 returned&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2014-01-12T21:56:04.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7452" CreationDate="2014-01-13T01:49:41.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like the perfect scenario for a test stub. You should look into what actual data the application will process (NMEA stream, real time GPS feed, KML file etc). Once you understand the model, you will need to record or generate a test file that matches what you want to test, and then inject it into the application via the test stub.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T01:49:41.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7509" CreationDate="2014-01-13T06:15:13.093" Score="1" ViewCount="3779" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose there are two users who have created two different jobs on the Jenkins server. Each user can only access, configure and run his own job. On each job, they are going to execute a remote ssh command. So I have configured two &quot;SSH remote hosts&quot; through &quot;Manage Jenkins &gt; Configure System &gt; SSH remote hosts&quot; (the SSH plugin is installed). Now in the build section of each job, it's possible to select one of these two ssh connections to execute a remote command. My question is, how to restrict access of users to these ssh connections. I want each user to only be able to access his own SSH connection, so that they cannot execute commands on the remote computers they should not have access to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;em&gt;I am using Jenkins to execute automatic test scripts for projects. This is how it works: I bind a job to the SVN address of a development project, Jenkins checkouts that address frequently to see if the source code of project has changed, if so, then build steps are run. Through these build steps, I run test scripts on remote machines and if any of these tests fail, the Jenkins job becomes cloudy meaning there is something wrong in the source code of project&lt;/em&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6708" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T07:31:27.553" Title="Jenkins: How to restrict “SSH Remote Host” to specific users?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7508" CreationDate="2014-01-13T07:31:27.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt; be able to do something by swapping out the login shell from /bin/sh to /usr/local/someLoginCheck script so that when users use the ssh remote it checks the job name or some other environment variable set in the job. For example, at the top of the users script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/usr/local/someLoginCheck a650ef01ddcf4e1bfb68ee0af5566170&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Publish+Over+SSH+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Publish Over SSH Plugin&lt;/a&gt; which can let you specify credentials to use during the connection - This would let you issue credentials to each user, and then have the server decide whether to allow the connection or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eJuSF.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T07:31:27.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7502" CreationDate="2014-01-13T07:38:23.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the Selenium documentation, the Wait function is actually activated on all element lookups, but by default has a timeout of 0s. This can be changed to some other value, eg 10 seconds like so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;driver.Url = &quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;;&#xA;IWebElement myDynamicElement = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;someDynamicElement&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This indicates to me that your thinking is sound as it mimicks the behaviour of the libary itself, and by using the ImplicitlyWait function you'd be able to make your code neater and easier to read, at the possibly expense of waiting for elements that never appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T07:38:23.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6062" CreationDate="2014-01-13T07:47:52.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The memory issue you mentioned has apparently been fixed, so you've got that going for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had problems with browser updates causing problems; Firefox has a tendancy to throw some popups up when its updating versions which Selenium can't interact with. We've had to login over VNC to our headless servers to try and work out what was going on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regards to locking scenarios, a minutely cronjob on the server could check the last changed date of the selenium log; if its not changed in the last hour, restart the node. This might cause the node to keep restarting through the quiet times, but would also keep the locked jobs in Jenkins to a maximum of an hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T07:47:52.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7487" CreationDate="2014-01-13T07:52:05.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As aspects are typically written to add behaviour to code, I would suggest that you'll need to indirectly test the functionality by creating a test object/method that'll be impacted by the aspect and then blackbox test the code at runtime for the behaviour you'd expect to be seeing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T07:52:05.057" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7502" CreationDate="2014-01-13T09:11:21.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, using WebDriverWait is sufficent in the case where you want to know if your code can proceed to next steps (ie some button being visible). There is no point in doing something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.menu.navButton&quot;)));&#xA;Assert.assertTrue(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.menu.navButton&quot;)).isDisplayed());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as the ExpectedConditions class is already checking this (and actually checks even more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What the until method of the WebDriverWait class is doing:&#xA;Repeatedly applies this instance's input value to the given function until one of the following occurs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;the function returns neither null nor false,&#xA;the function throws an unignored exception,&#xA;the timeout expires,&#xA;the current thread is interrupted&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, look into inner working of expected conditions to better understand what they are doing, ie:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  /**&#xA;   * An expectation for checking that an element is present on the DOM of a page&#xA;   * and visible. Visibility means that the element is not only displayed but&#xA;   * also has a height and width that is greater than 0.&#xA;   *&#xA;   * @param locator used to find the element&#xA;   * @return the WebElement once it is located and visible&#xA;   */&#xA;  public static ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; visibilityOfElementLocated(&#xA;      final By locator) {&#xA;    return new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;() {&#xA;      @Override&#xA;      public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;          return elementIfVisible(findElement(locator, driver));&#xA;        } catch (StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;          return null;&#xA;        }&#xA;      }&#xA;    };&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6021" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T09:11:21.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7420" CreationDate="2014-01-13T09:23:37.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have successfully used something similar to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(driver, 180)).until(new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;()&#xA;{&#xA;    public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;        return (Boolean)js.executeScript(&quot;return jQuery.active == 0&quot;);&#xA;}};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6021" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T09:23:37.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3179" CreationDate="2014-01-13T10:04:52.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jcabi.com/jcabi-aspects/annotation-loggable.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Loggable&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; annotation from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jcabi.com/jcabi-aspects/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jcabi-aspects&lt;/a&gt;, which wraps all methods you want to debug with a simple logging mechanism:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Loggable(Loggable.DEBUG)&#xA;public String load(URL url) {&#xA;  return url.openConnection().getContent();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It logs through &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slf4j.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SLF4J&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6709" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T10:04:52.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7441" CreationDate="2014-01-13T15:52:08.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use the following procedure to perform a similar tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestBox.Click();&#xA;TextBox.Clear();&#xA;TextBox.SendKeys(&quot;Test Text&quot;);&#xA;IWebElement autoCompleteOption = driver.FindElement(By.XPath&quot;//a[contains(text(),'Test Text')]&quot;;&#xA;WaitForElementPresent(autoCompleteOption);&#xA;autoCompleteOption.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The wait step is important to ensure that WebDriver doesn't generate a NoSuchElementException.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6713" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T15:52:08.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7518" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-13T20:59:18.227" Score="4" ViewCount="5944" Body="&lt;p&gt;The company I work for conducts quarterly performance reviews. As a member of our small QA team I've been ask to help define this process. A lot of what I do is identifying issues and collaborating with the devs to reach a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the deliverables of the QA department? Would any hard metric be useful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I fear that if a metric were ‘number of issues identified’ (for example), that might lead to a focus on creating a large number of issues with little value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6714" LastEditorUserId="6714" LastEditDate="2014-01-13T21:04:35.650" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T13:07:02.040" Title="What are the deliverables of the QA department?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7518" CreationDate="2014-01-13T23:28:15.670" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The deliverable is information about the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The purpose is to help people make better decisions, based on information about the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T23:28:15.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7518" CreationDate="2014-01-13T23:34:39.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;from my own experience, the deliverables can be vary from one project to another. For instance, I was involved in a very new feature that has to ship within couple of months. Due to time pressure, I wrote the deployment guide document for our sales engineers so that they will know to how to deploy in customer's environment without banging their heads against the wall. That has become the key deliverable for the project from QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, apart of the usual tester's routines like raising quality bug report (rejection rate is low), look for gap/areas that QA department can bridge e.g., clarity of product requirements, documentation and etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2014-01-13T23:34:39.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7518" CreationDate="2014-01-14T11:51:14.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can think of a number of possible deliverables. Pick those that your teams and stakeholder need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say QA deparments provides &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Information/feedback about the product&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bug reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test reports with test cases passing/failing, areas showing risky areas, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;metrics showing trends across subsequent tests, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools to collect such feedback&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manual and automated test cases with test data, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tools and frameworks for automating tests, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tools for troubleshooting issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-17T13:07:02.040" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T13:07:02.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7518" CreationDate="2014-01-14T12:32:04.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with any form of hard metric in a field like software QA is that - to use the answer I give so often here - it depends. Each hard data point is really only helpful in the context of the development project it links to, and even then there are variations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you take a look at the answers to the question user867 suggested as a possible duplicate, including &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/3386/422&quot;&gt;my answer&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Deliverables should, in my view, consist of information about the system, as Dale Emery said. If you have use cases or user stories, some things you would consider &lt;em&gt;for each project&lt;/em&gt; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;link use cases/user stories to test cases covering them and report their status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;list which test cases are automated and why those cases were automated (in general the scenarios that are most likely to get the heaviest use are the best candidates for automation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the state of overall product regression if you have it (this is particularly important when you're dealing with development against an existing product)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;areas that weren't tested, the reasons these were not tested, and the potential risks exposed. It's very rare that everything can be tested, so there's always going to be a need for testing triage. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where there are no use cases/user stories (which is far from ideal, but certainly happens), you'd want to look for these items:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a breakdown of the product or project by functional area is essential because without use cases/user stories the specification is by default the working software. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test cases linked to the functional areas of the product/project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;items 2, 3, and 4 from the use case list above.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can data-mine the issue tracking database, some areas to consider are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issues found by testers and issues found by customers. This should &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; be a straight ratio metric: instead look for clusters of functionality in customer issues and whether your testers have noted that area as a problem region but have not (usually due to time constraints) been able to build in regression around that area.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issues reported by testers and not corrected, then later reported by customers - here you want to look at why the issue wasn't corrected (in my experience it's usually a case of &quot;nobody would do that&quot; - and inevitably someone does).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many of the customer-reported issues are core problems and how many are edge cases. If your test team is doing well, you should find that most of the customer-reported issues are edge cases with respect to your entire customer base or to the actions that are problematic (this doesn't make the issue less problematic to the customer - the goal here is to look at whether you would reasonably expect your testers to have found the problem before release. With a good test team and a reasonably mature automation effort, the answer will usually be &quot;no&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things to consider are the nature of the information the testers generate: do they routinely provide information on complex configuration that later becomes the core of the documentation team's work? Do they provide a list of &quot;gotchas&quot; or caveats about the software, such as whether a particular feature should be used in conjunction with other features, or required settings? Do they warn of fragile software that works only if everything is exactly right? Do they try to ensure that the software guides the users to the correct/preferred actions? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth remembering that software development is an odd mix of science and art, and testing is possibly even more so. The science part can be quantified, but the art aspect can't, and like art every software development project is different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T12:32:04.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7518" CreationDate="2014-01-14T12:32:22.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Deliverables are dependent on the project, customer and product and should be agreed prior to the test preparation phase.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the most basic level, a QA dept might product a single e-mail saying that the Product has passed or failed.  On top of that, customers (or internal management) might require any level of detail, up to and including test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strong V-Model projects obviously require greater detail and coverage in the documentation, although even the most agile of projects provide -something-.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I'm defining the test deliverables I aim to provide the bare minimum, as any time spent providing documentation is time not spent testing.  However, the two overriding concerns is that any omitted deliverable should not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduce risk&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reduce customer confidence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in test execution, if there is something is &lt;em&gt;needed&lt;/em&gt;, it's provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that some might balk at my use of the words &quot;bare minimum&quot; but I've worked for companies where there was a lot of documentation provided that was then never looked at or even referred to.  Product quality suffered as a consequence and &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; is a cardinal sin for a test department.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T12:32:22.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3381" CreationDate="2014-01-14T12:40:50.220" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only things that should matter to a Test department are the number and severity of defects found after release.  If we lived in a world perfect for testers, that would be all that is required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it's also necessary for a wider business to know if their testing department is cost effective.  After all, you could have 1,000 testers on a project and release something bug free but at what cost?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the few KPIs that I've found useful is Defects Per Hour (of testing).  Whilst this is subjective and dependent on factors outside of Test, it is a handy guideline for how well things went.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the very least, it's a starting point for a conversation between Test Lead and Management and when coupled with the Post Release Defects count, you can build up a reasonable picture of how well Test did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lost Post Release Defects + Low Defects Per Hour - Good initial coding &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lost Post Release Defects + High Defects Per Hour - Well tested product&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;High Post Release Defects + Low Defects Per Hour - Poorly tested product&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;High Post Release Defects + High Defects Per Hour - Product released too early&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T12:40:50.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1448" CreationDate="2014-01-14T13:00:08.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a workmanlike Tester who's had the good fortune to work with some excellent people over the years.  When I hire people, there are some key characteristics I look for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eye for detail&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the obvious one.  Testers need to be able to see the little details that others miss.  You know those Facebook questions?  The ones that go:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spot the mitsake : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good tester will see these right away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Knowing how to test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tester will need to be able how to quickly determine how to &lt;strong&gt;efficiently&lt;/strong&gt; test a range of new services and products.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During an interview, I'd pass the candidate a fountain pen and say &quot;Test this&quot;.  More importantly than their answers would be how quickly they stepped up to the task and started to disassemble its function and construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dealing with conflict&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're lucky, a tester will be constantly finding ways to improve your product.  Part of this task is to go to a Development team and to tell them that they've made mistakes.  If this isn't handled appropriately, it can lead to problems down the line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same interview, I'd hand the candidate a piece of paper with a logic puzzle on it and say &quot;How would you improve this question?&quot;.  The logic puzzle would be a standard one but it'd be worded badly, would have typos and layout issues.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prioritisation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one that I've learned the hard way.  The interviewee would need to demonstrate that they knew how to structure their testing efficiently to target the high risk and/or value areas of a product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd give the candidate the description of a large project with a few problem areas (high volume areas, ones that have been announced in the press and one with new developers) and ask them to sketch out the first few weeks' work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Knowing when to stand up&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes a tester will be given something impossible to do.  I try to hire people who are willing to say &quot;no&quot; to me, to challenge when they think something is unreasonable.  For this, I use the simplest question of all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;The development team have written a new integrated communication service covering e-mail, text chat, file storage and file transfer.  We will be demonstrating this at a conference next week.  How would you approach this project?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they don't say &quot;Advise that the time scales are too short&quot;, they lose marks. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T13:00:08.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7529" CreationDate="2014-01-14T13:15:07.293" Score="1" ViewCount="906" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm creating a new tests with selenium in my job. But i can't get one element in my system.&#xA;We use Prime Faces and i can't get this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.primefaces.org/showcase/ui/editor.jsf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;element&lt;/a&gt;. I need to send a value to him, and He is a iFrame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to use Selenium IDE but i had no success.&#xA;When I try to get the xPath, i get &lt;code&gt;/htm/body&lt;/code&gt; :(&#xA;Someone know how i can get the full path of this element? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium Web Driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5550" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T14:23:02.247" Title="Prime Faces editing component and Selenium" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7528" CreationDate="2014-01-14T14:23:02.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;after a little searching, I found this solution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(find(By.id(&quot;id_frame&quot;)));&#xA;find(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement editable = driver.switchTo().activeElement(); &#xA;&#xA;editable.clear();&#xA;editable.sendKeys(&quot;Your text here&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;find(By.xpath(&quot;btn_save&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;worked very well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5550" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T14:23:02.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7530" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7548" CreationDate="2014-01-14T19:44:08.003" Score="4" ViewCount="9511" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many project managers and other non-tester roles search for proper categorization according to severity (A-B-C) of the defects and they search for description how to distinguish between each category. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are best practices? What is the Ideal description of categories?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T21:50:24.200" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T21:50:24.200" Title="How to categorize defects?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7531" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7538" CreationDate="2014-01-14T19:50:41.297" Score="15" ViewCount="13064" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most common labels for the bug severity: High-Med-Low-etc., A-B-C-etc., 1-2-3-etc. or different? Where they origin? What is the best practice to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-24T12:20:01.247" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T13:29:31.627" Title="What is common practice for labels of the bug severity?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:01:07.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Re-testing&lt;/strong&gt; is used when you test something again - usually because there was a bug, so you have to re-test it again to check if the bug is fixed. Term is general.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression testing&lt;/strong&gt; is used when you check &lt;strong&gt;whole application again&lt;/strong&gt; in order to find a new bug in places or Test Cases you previously passed OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T20:01:07.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:08:54.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like referring to  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/20/101.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms&lt;/a&gt; :) &#xA;Just because it allows to refer to already prepared definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T20:08:54.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7387" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:11:39.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually not. Microsoft Test Manager is a simple T. management tool which allows you to run a Test case and report a bug into TFS, built on the top of Visual studio. It would be probably possible to plug it in, but usually there is nothing like this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several test frameworks and automated test tools build on the top of visual studio as Ranorex, so it is definitely possible. But not out of the box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T20:11:39.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7535" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7537" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:11:55.190" Score="12" ViewCount="12749" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a basic question. Most projects mix both priority and severity into a single value. What reasons are there to separately assign severity and priority to a defect? What do testing methodologies say about that? It is practical to choose different labels for severity and different for priority?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T15:53:22.673" LastActivityDate="2019-08-05T10:38:17.660" Title="What is the difference between bug severity and bug priority?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:26:58.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you asking because your bug tool supports both severity and priority.  If that is true, you might check the tool's documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether or not to fix a bug is a function of multiple variables, e.g. how hard it might be to fix the bug, how often the bug will occur, and how detrimental the bug will be to the user when it occurs.  It can be hard to capture all of those variables in a single property, so some bug tools let you set multiple properties.  I suggest not getting caught up in the exact meanings of the labels &quot;severity&quot; and &quot;priority&quot;; they may or may not map to your own bug-tracking process.  I believe Bugzilla lets you replace those labels if you want to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T20:26:58.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2014-01-14T20:31:56.577" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;The severity of a bug is a measure of how important the bug is to the end user: how much it breaks, how badly it breaks things, how difficult it is to get work done with this bug in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The priority of the bug is a measure of how important the bug is to the development team. This will take into effect the severity, but also the development time and effort, and how much impact fixing it would have on the rest of the product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something that is severe and easy to fix may be higher priority than something that is severe and difficult to fix; some teams will prioritize &quot;low-hanging fruit&quot;, things that are easy to fix, over more complex fixes regardless of severity. There can be complex rules around prioritization of bugs, balancing the factors involved; therefore, usually prioritization is done by a project manager or as part of a Scrum meeting or some such. Severity can be determined when filing the bug, in isolation of any knowledge of the development effort. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T20:31:56.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7531" CreationDate="2014-01-14T21:01:16.590" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;A label is just a label. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is far more important to understand what stands behind them, so people can easily say when to assign a certain severity to a bug and understand what such severity means in terms of business impact. This is important because depending on the severity* your stakeholders may take appropriate action. E.g. stop releasing the product or postpone fixing the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, we define Sev 1 when whole system is not working because of the bug, and Sev 2 when only one of the important features is broken. We usually do not accept Sev 1 and Sev 2 in the release, while Sev 3 requires further discussion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Obviously, this is simplification. Severity alone might not be enough to take an informative decision, so other parts of bug report can help decide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-14T21:13:11.637" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T21:13:11.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7530" CreationDate="2014-01-14T21:45:07.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Choose the smallest number of categories that you can get away with.  If you don't know how many you can get away with, start with two.  If you can't decide on two categories, you may not need any.  And if you need more, your stakeholders will let you know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T21:45:07.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7531" CreationDate="2014-01-14T23:18:11.683" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The ratings that I see in common use and have used historically are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity 1 - Critical issue, crash or data loss&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity 2 - Major issue, but no crash or data loss and no workaround&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity 3 - Issue, with no crash or data loss and a workaround exists.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity 4 - Fit an finish issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main decision that needs to occur for each bug is &quot;Are we going to hold the release of the software because of this bug?&quot;. If so then it is a Sev 1 or 2, if not then it is a severity 3 or 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On really big projects with hundreds or thousands of bugs, you need to add priority as well to allow business stakeholders to choose the fix order. That normally gets a 1-4 rating as well of : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority 1 - Critical, stop everything and fix ASAP.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority 2 - High, fix before the next release into testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority 3 - Medium, fix before the release ships.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority 4 - Low, fix if time, but can be moved to the next release.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this system in place, the severity is a technical impact that is set by the testers and cannot be changed. The priority can change throughout the life of the project, especially for priority 3 bugs when they are getting lowered to priority 4 as the shipping deadline approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also allows you you decide to ship with crashing bugs, if they occur only in really, really rare circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2014-01-14T23:18:11.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7541" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-15T05:30:52.027" Score="1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to extend project portfolio with another testing methodology. I used to use TMAP Next from Sogeti here (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tmap.net/en/tmap-next/downloads/tmap-next-downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tmap.net/en/tmap-next/downloads/tmap-next-downloads&lt;/a&gt;).&#xA;Are there some other free-to-use methodologies similar to TMAP Next? Especially agile methodologies are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="21027" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T18:12:08.860" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T18:12:08.860" Title="Are there some free-to-use test methodologies?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;tmap&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2014-01-20T22:09:40.140" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2014-01-15T09:45:14.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Priority defines the order in which we should resolve a defect. Should   we fix it now, or can it wait? This priority status is set by the tester to the developer mentioning the time frame to fix the defect. If high priority is mentioned then the developer has to fix it at the earliest. The priority status is set based on the customer requirements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While Severity is the extent to which the defect can affect the software. In other words it defines the impact that a given defect has on the system.It is totally related to the quality standard or devotion to standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6575" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T09:45:14.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3481" CreationDate="2014-01-15T09:56:09.367" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The test is slow not due to slow exception handling, but because driver waits for elements thats are not found. In this case driver waits for the pop-up - maybe it will appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to use &lt;code&gt;self.driver.implicitly_wait(0)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will tell driver not to wait if it cannot find some elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6730" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T09:56:09.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-15T10:55:35.960" Score="0" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I encountered problem finding tool or software for data validation or ETL testing. I found only 2 solutions: QuerySurge and Informatica. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advise, suggest any other tool or share experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im sure, given post will further contribute to those who will try to establish validation process like me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6731" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T17:17:43.067" Title="Encountered problem finding ETL testing or data validation software. Please, help, advise, suggest" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3481" CreationDate="2014-01-15T11:19:16.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can potentially speed it up using various ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implicit wait&#xA;This is mentioned by tstempko. However, implicit wait has a drawback. This makes the driver to not waiting for all UI element when it is set to '0'. In your case, it is not ideal. There might a time that you really have to wait for UI element to show up, then your test will break for no valid reason.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explicit wait&#xA;You can setup an explicit wait just for this call. This allows a more robust way of waiting for the UI element to show up. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Javascript executor&#xA;for me, there are some web elements which are just too 'unreliable' to detect all the time. What I will use is the javascript executor like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String cmd = &quot;$('#header-username').click()&quot;;&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(cmd);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good thing about JavaScriptExcutor is that as long as the javascript is loaded, you can execute it. The browser does not need to wait for the element to be rendered. The downside of this is that it is not mimic user's behavior. I use this only to get through to the next test area that I am interested in. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a side note, rather than the try-except method you have, you might want to try to code it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TIMEOUT);&#xA;e = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(oldPasswordField))&#xA;e.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, my code is in Java. I think there is a similar method in Python equivalent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T11:19:16.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7546" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-15T13:02:42.893" Score="4" ViewCount="502" Body="&lt;p&gt;ISO 9126 has a subchapter under maintainability that is called testability. In short: &quot;The capability of the software product to enable modified software to be validated&quot;. As our department uses ISTQB to describe the way how we should test, I am searching for what ISTQB tells us about this subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context: My project fails to prioritize defect fixes that are not a big issue in the live environment but support our automated test. Due to such a defect a large part of our automated regression test is now failing and the responsible owner need to be convinced that this actually decrease the value of our product. Next to my own common sense, I want to be backed up by the method we are using and have all agreed upon to follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4787" LastEditorUserId="7340" LastEditDate="2015-01-28T14:01:21.203" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T14:01:21.203" Title="What does ISTQB say about product testability and maintenance of automated tests in general?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testability&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7499" CreationDate="2014-01-15T14:12:44.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I filed a support ticket with Oracle, and they confirmed that there appears to be a bug in the XPath generator. We have had a patch from them recently that may have caused this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2014-01-15T14:28:30.173" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T14:28:30.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7530" CreationDate="2014-01-15T15:56:04.027" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no one &quot;right&quot; answer.  The number and type of categories of defects that would be appropriate to your context depend upon several factors, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type of application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your team size&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The level and frequency of &quot;in the hallways&quot; conversations between people on the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The number of bugs you have &quot;hanging around&quot; waiting to be taken care of&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, one of the most important considerations you have to make involve:&#xA; - Should we have two main categories or one per bug?&#xA; - The &quot;two main categories for each bug&quot; approach often has, e.g., specific comments about 'what percentage of users will see this?' and 'how large is the impact?'&#xA; - A &quot;one main category for each bug&quot; could be a blend of those two items (e.g., Sev 1, Sev 2, Sev 3) as described in Ivor McCormack's approach shown below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I would consider Ivor McCormack's approach as a possible starting point, discuss options with your stakeholders, and adjust as necessary for your context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gWLJA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2014-01-15T16:02:34.097" LastActivityDate="2014-01-15T16:02:34.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7531" CreationDate="2014-01-15T17:27:24.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, most common categorization is A-B-C, eventually A-B-C-D. Ideally there should be a description for each severity agreed by all stakeholders. For example it could be like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Severity A&lt;/strong&gt; or 'Critical' : defect that need to be fixed before the application can be released into production. Some part of application is not working at all or it can cause business or financial loss. There is no workaround. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Severity B&lt;/strong&gt; or 'Major' : defect causes great deviation from the business requirements if released into production. Workaround is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Severity C&lt;/strong&gt; or 'Medium' : defect causes minimal deviation from the business requirements if released into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Severity D&lt;/strong&gt; or 'Minor' or 'Cosmetic' : defect causes no deviation from the business requirements if released into production. It could be static texts, colors etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, bug can be categorized as a &lt;strong&gt;Showstopper&lt;/strong&gt;. It means tester could not continue in his test. Usually showstopper has severity A but rarely it could be lover severity, depend on the situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-16T12:25:09.053" LastActivityDate="2014-01-16T12:25:09.053" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7441" CreationDate="2014-01-16T00:56:57.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A little hacky, but might work: You do the SendKeys(), and then wait with a WebDriverWait. I don't really know the C# syntax, but should be similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;(new WebDriverWait(yourdriver, 10)).until(visibilityOf(theDropdownWebelement));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would throw a TimeoutException after 10 seconds of not finding the dropdown. Having wrapped all the process in a method, you can do a try/catch where, if you catch the TimeoutException, you just reload the page and try again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might not be the most elegant thing ever (at least, I kind of frown upon refreshing pages) but I think it might work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6740" LastActivityDate="2014-01-16T00:56:57.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7495" CreationDate="2014-01-16T01:12:10.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others say, Selenium is mostly oriented to behavior and such. Testing look and feel, while possible, is quite tough. Considering the coding, debugging and maintenance time, it'd be way cheaper to just get 2 or 3 people, 2 monitors each, and start looking around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, as far as I remember, to open and navigate 2 pages at once, you could just create 2 webdriver elements and use them separately.&#xA;Such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;drv = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;drv.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;)&#xA;other_drv = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;other_drv.get(&quot;http://altavista.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6740" LastActivityDate="2014-01-16T01:12:10.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2721" CreationDate="2014-01-16T05:49:58.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/site/quickinfopocket/qtp-probs-solve/tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/site/quickinfopocket/qtp-probs-solve/tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;small functionality with respect to end user requirement. Currently this tool is proving the functionality of exporting manual test cases(Bulk export) from Quality center to predefined excel file and download qtp result from QC to local drive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6741" LastActivityDate="2014-01-16T05:49:58.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7518" CreationDate="2014-01-16T21:47:42.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest looking at things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Return on Investment for automation&#xA;Automation coverage (not code coverage but what % of your tests are automated)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think bigger, make the QA team look more then just a team that produces metrics.&#xA;-Erik&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6746" LastActivityDate="2014-01-16T21:47:42.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2014-01-17T07:05:10.940" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug severity is the impact bug will have on the system which is basically derived from but not limited to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The probability of the user getting the issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reproducible rate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any easy workaround/How easily user can recover from the impact of the bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The application under test (example: A bug of a status not updating in a certain rare scenario can be ignored but not in case of banking application)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While priority is how fast should this bug be fix. Priority is basically a metric for managers and developers to plan the order of fixing issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: If the &lt;strong&gt;company name is displayed wrong&lt;/strong&gt; on a website this is a cosmetic &lt;strong&gt;low severity&lt;/strong&gt; issue as it is not harming any functionality but its a &lt;strong&gt;high priority&lt;/strong&gt; issue as you can't release a website with wrong company name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6748" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T15:50:33.123" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T15:50:33.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7531" CreationDate="2014-01-17T07:11:21.023" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;My 5 cents &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Blocker&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect affects critical functionality or critical data.&#xA;It does not have a workaround. Example: Cannot login, cannot upload&#xA;data,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Critical&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect affects major functionality or major data. It&#xA;has a workaround but is not obvious and is difficult. Example: All&#xA;exceptions, security bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minor&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect affects minor functionality or non-critical data.&#xA;It has an easy workaround. Example: Open unexpected page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trivial&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect does not affect functionality or data. It does&#xA;not even need a workaround. It does not impact productivity or&#xA;efficiency. It is merely an inconvenience. Example: Petty layout&#xA;discrepancies, spelling/grammatical errors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2957" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T07:11:21.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7518" CreationDate="2014-01-17T07:20:58.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The deliverables from QA would be :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of releases &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of internal iterations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delayed releases with possible causes would be great and nice to have&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issues categorized as Client issues,Reopened issues ,Reappear issues(issues which were fixed earlier but have popped in again,This issue is different from regression),Regression issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some figures like average bug/lines of code ,ex : There are 5 bugs reported on average for 1000 lines of code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The most important point is if you back up this report with problems/challenges you faced during release ex : communication/Coordination with developer/Onsite team with some solution as a sync up daily call etc(Just suggestion) would help you and your organization in QA process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6748" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-17T08:49:19.203" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T08:49:19.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7530" CreationDate="2014-01-17T08:47:14.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this area is not clear then, in my opinion, you should speak to him and figure out what they want. It is similar to risk based approach where the tester's (test manager)  responsibility to find the consensus which item represents higher risk and which not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, from communication viewpoint the defects, the whole, are &quot;playing&quot; multiple role and sometimes the list of defects, and the defects itself should be able to provide non-technical information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they are technical information for the developers what to focus on, even for a little time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;information for the tester to define defect areas, defect clusters, controlling and reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they may represent other information aspects, e.g. non-technical, fiscal, etc., for the managers and product owners and this can be huge, especially if they are not technical people&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are in the position to create how to organize your defects you should consider a lot of things. On the other hand, Justing is right. There is no &quot;right&quot; answer. Every situation is different in a way and the devil is in the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastEditorUserId="6115" LastEditDate="2014-01-17T09:07:08.807" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T09:07:08.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7518" CreationDate="2014-01-17T11:02:10.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lot of answers for this question and you can find very good answers here! This topic is not easy stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QA team delivers the trust in the product and the feeling of safety it works and it works properly. On the other hand, the QA team provides information about the defects in the product, so that the organization is able to provide information for the customer service about the possible defects and workarounds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T11:02:10.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7561" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-17T13:23:55.520" Score="20" ViewCount="17056" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Visual Studio 2013 plus TFS and MTM. Want to run tests from the command line. There are three programs available. How do I choose which of &lt;strong&gt;tcm.exe&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;mstest.exe&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;vstest.console.exe&lt;/strong&gt; I should use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft provides many pages about each of the three programs, telling what they do and how to use them. My researches had not found any pages that compared the programs and explained how one should choose between them. The page listed in &lt;strong&gt;Kate Paulk&lt;/strong&gt;'s answer gives a start on comparing the programs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="6752" LastEditDate="2014-01-17T22:39:23.963" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T10:57:23.407" Title="How to choose between tcm.exe, mstest.exe and vstest.console.exe" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7561" CreationDate="2014-01-17T14:27:35.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a link for you:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182487.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to: Run Automated Tests from the Command Line Using MSTest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't read it, just a quick Google search. But, I would start here if I were in your shoes. I hope, it helps you. On the other hand, MSDN documentations are helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T14:27:35.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7469" CreationDate="2014-01-17T16:23:36.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a tester working in Citrix. We use XenServer (akin to VMware workstation) for our day-to-day testing. You can create or import VMware image into XenServer, create a snapshot before installing any desktop application on the vm images, roll-back when you are done with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe XenServer is open source. The free license will allow you manage the vms with limited access. If you can share what you try to achieve in details e.g., number of vms, how many testers will be using it. I might able to find out some information for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T16:23:36.493" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7561" CreationDate="2014-01-17T17:06:47.410" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with, according to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182486.aspx&quot;&gt;MSDN documentation&lt;/a&gt; I found with a quick search, each tool is optimized for a specific kind of test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;tcm.exe&lt;/strong&gt; - Team Foundation Server/MTM test cases associated with automation - this runs the &lt;em&gt;test cases&lt;/em&gt;, rather than directly running the tests and automatically updates the test case status (I think - I'm not that familiar with it). It appears to be functionally a command line wrapper around MTM's ability to run automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;vstest.console.exe&lt;/strong&gt; - Microsoft unit tests and Microsoft CodedUI tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mstest.exe&lt;/strong&gt; - this is the &quot;legacy&quot; tool which will run anything Visual Studio recognizes as a test. It's the tool you need to use with load and performance tests created in Visual Studio and can be used to send test results to Team Foundation Server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without knowing what kind of tests you want to run and what you want to do with them, it's not possible to give a more detailed answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-17T17:06:47.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7441" CreationDate="2014-01-18T00:43:36.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would have small sleeps (say 100ms) between each keystrokes. This far more human like then the speed in which Selenium  can enter text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite often the auto suggest mechanism may be triggered by delays between keystrokes, and entering quickly via selenium may not trigger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2195" LastActivityDate="2014-01-18T00:43:36.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2014-01-18T01:42:57.120" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I made this sample spreadsheet for a project named &lt;strong&gt;Gmail&lt;/strong&gt; (download it &lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bwi5hK7Ra1JkVzdUYU9KRnZPbDg/view?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eWzf7.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test Case Spreadsheet&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case ID&lt;/strong&gt;: use this value to link each bug with one or more Test Case IDs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case Description&lt;/strong&gt;: they may be independent from each other or something like&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Test Case ID 4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on &quot;submit&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Status&lt;/strong&gt; columns (the ones with the colours) are pretty self-explanatory. The &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Failed&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; status should include a link to the issue detected. A failed test case should be linked to one and only one issue in your bugtracker. Otherwise, it's hard to do regression testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For every test run there is a column added to the left. The leftmost column should be the most recent test run.&lt;/strong&gt; Optionally, you can include the revision under test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;H3&gt;Advantages&lt;/H3&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's easy to show the results in an e-mail, you just copy and paste the spreadsheet and the most recent test run. Also, because you use colours, it's easy to see the overall status of the test run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's easy to add more test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;H3&gt;Disadvantages&lt;/H3&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's hard to know whether a test case has been written before, i.e. if you're not writing duplicate test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6037" LastEditorUserId="6037" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T02:07:11.550" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T02:07:11.550" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-01-18T01:42:57.120" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7530" CreationDate="2014-01-19T22:43:25.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's step back a moment and try to look at this from a different perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team is using a defect tracking database to track bug backlog, then we should agree that the primary purpose of the defect tracking database is to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;triage new bugs/work as it comes in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manage the 'triaged' backlog of bugs/work (assign, prioritize, etc the work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You started by stating &quot;many project managers...&quot; and this is the perspective that you should be approaching the problem from because it is usually the project managers (and hopefully dev and test managers/leads) who are triaging the backlog on a daily (or frequent) basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the categories you choose should be those that most help the project manager and other managers query on the types of bugs that are most important to them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Severity is a subjective rating that reflects the negative impact on a customer. Priority (usually assigned by the triage team) is used to indicate how quickly or the order in which the bug/work item should be addressed. But, there are many other ways to slice and dice bugs/work items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, we track test code defects, product code defects, documentation issues, etc in our databases. So, to differentiate between bug types categorize by &quot;issue type.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other categories we often use for triage include Blocking branch, feature path, milestone or sprint, triage, and status (active, in-work, resolved, closed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree the number of categories should be kept to a minimum. Filling out a lot of unnecessary/unused fields in a dB is often pointless noise and clutters the important information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, work with your project manager and understand what types of queries they want to run on the defect tracking database and use that to identify the categories important for your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-01-19T22:43:25.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7570" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7571" CreationDate="2014-01-20T07:40:30.933" Score="2" ViewCount="391" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently joined the automation team. We are currently developing an automation framework for our web-app which is already in live environment for a while. I have designed and developed the framework to execute any test scripts recorded using Sahi Open Source 4.4. I am stuck on evaluating approaches for recording GUI test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Application Under Test: AUT is an web-app which uses AJAX and also has some custom graphs and reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The available recording approaches are as below &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recording Regression Bugs:&lt;/strong&gt; There are around 3000 bugs which are&#xA;closed / open in the system which can be automated and used as&#xA;regression suite. The upfront problem here even after 3000 recorded&#xA;flows, the automation may not cover the complete web-app. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recording your business flows:&lt;/strong&gt; This approach will record the business flow along with its validations. This will eventually cover the&#xA;complete web-app if used data-driven testing smartly. But the web-app is complex and can have large number of flows even with data driven testing. We are also running on thin time-frame which might restrict this method.  Also some of the flows are complex enough so that the script and its data driven support might become very complex and in-turn non-maintainable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recording Validations and Flows independently:&lt;/strong&gt; This approach will record validations as a separate test case and the actual business use case as a separate test case. This will reduce my recorded scripts size and hence will be maintainable. Separation gives me an exact point of failure stating whether it is field validation fails or the business flow is failing.Hence my debugging of script failure. But I am not able to decide if this approach has any unseen issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Queries / Concerns:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want to  know if I can go ahead with Approach 3 as my recording&#xA;approach or should there be any other changes or a new approach&#xA;altogether. I am trying to search how recording is done in other&#xA;companies but could not come to conclusion.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want to evaluate if my Approach 3 can stand the agile methodology that we will be adopting soon. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If my recording tool selection of Sahi Open Source is right or not for AJAX.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether recording tool output should be exported as scripts or it should be exported as programming language export like java code. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6762" LastActivityDate="2014-01-20T13:05:44.983" Title="Comparing GUI Automation Recording Approaches" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7570" CreationDate="2014-01-20T13:05:44.983" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's rather difficult to give a clear answer here, but I can offer a few thoughts for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Go with maintainable as a first priority&lt;/strong&gt;. In my experience once a regression suite is up and running it can be a very long time before it goes away. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After maintainability, &lt;strong&gt;look to the 80/20 rule&lt;/strong&gt; - the 20% of the application that gets 80% of the use. This is where your highest regression ROI comes from.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After you have the 80/20 rule set up, &lt;strong&gt;look for gaps in your coverage&lt;/strong&gt;. This will show up as the areas where most of the regression bug reports come in from customers. The manual testers will also know which parts of the application are most fragile. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each time you add coverage to your regression tests, &lt;strong&gt;start with a smoke test of core functionality&lt;/strong&gt; for the feature you're adding. Then expand to the 80/20 rule. After that you can consider adding tests for the bugs that have been reported against that feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't worry about the tool&lt;/strong&gt;. If it can reach the components on the page that it needs to reach, it's good enough for the task.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be prepared for chaos during the adoption of agile&lt;/strong&gt;. I've yet to see an adoption of any agile implementation that didn't include a phase of utter chaos. Your concern as for GUI automation is that you do not automate against a moving target: as a rule, GUI automation should be happening after each slice of functionality is stable. Any attempt at GUI automation before this turns into thrashing (yes, I've been there). Whichever approach you choose will make no difference - &lt;strong&gt;the time needed to build GUI regression doesn't change because the development methodology changes&lt;/strong&gt;. On the plus side, if moving to a more agile approach adds unit testing, you should be able to reduce the amount of GUI regression that focuses on areas which are more properly the domain of unit tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Record/playback is dangerous&lt;/strong&gt;. I can't stress this enough. Almost every tool sells itself on being &quot;code-free&quot;, but the truth is sooner or later you will need to move to using the record feature to identify the components you need to interact with, and then code your interactions for maximum reusability and maintainability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Output doesn't matter - reusability and maintainability does.&lt;/strong&gt; As long as you can run the regression on any system and spin up and spin down systems at will, it doesn't matter if you're exporting your tool output as scripts or as a compilable/compiled language export. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-20T13:05:44.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7544" CreationDate="2014-01-20T16:16:37.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Informatica DVO only works if you have PowerCenter as your ETL tool. QuerySurge works with any ETL tool. Try the free download.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6770" LastActivityDate="2014-01-20T16:16:37.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7531" CreationDate="2014-01-20T16:36:14.027" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boulder&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rock&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gravel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sand&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visualize each one falling on your head...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The beauty of this system is when you also visualize a truckload of sand being dumped on your head.   Even though a system may have no huge issues, too many small issues can make it unusable as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2014-01-20T16:36:14.027" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7575" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:21:26.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Visual Studio&lt;/a&gt; is an integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft. It is used to develop computer programs for Microsoft Windows, as well as web sites, web applications and web services. Visual Studio uses Microsoft software development platforms such as Windows API, Windows Forms, Windows Presentation Foundation, Windows Store and Microsoft Silverlight. It can produce both native code and managed code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio includes a code editor supporting IntelliSense (the code completion component) as well as code refactoring. The integrated debugger works both as a source-level debugger and a machine-level debugger. Other built-in tools include a forms designer for building GUI applications, web designer, class designer, and database schema designer. It accepts plug-ins that enhance the functionality at almost every level—including adding support for source-control systems (like Subversion) and adding new toolsets like editors and visual designers for domain-specific languages or toolsets for other aspects of the software development lifecycle (like the Team Foundation Server client: Team Explorer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio supports different programming languages and allows the code editor and debugger to support (to varying degrees) nearly any programming language, provided a language-specific service exists. Built-in languages include C, C++ and C++/CLI (via Visual C++), VB.NET (via Visual Basic .NET), C# (via Visual C#), and F# (as of Visual Studio 2010). Support for other languages such as Python, Ruby, Node.js, and M among others is available via language services installed separately. It also supports XML/XSLT, HTML/XHTML, JavaScript and CSS. Java (and J#) were supported in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before Visual Studio 2013 Update 4, commercial versions of Visual Studio were available for free to students via Microsoft's DreamSpark program, when only commercial versions supported plugins. Starting with Visual Studio 2013 Update 4, Microsoft provides Community editions, which support plugins, at no cost to all users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T12:48:49.967" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T12:48:49.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7576" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:21:26.237" Score="0" Body="Microsoft Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T12:48:41.103" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T12:48:41.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7577" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:33:32.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Combinatorial testing seeks to test the interactions between different parameters that affect the system. &quot;Pairwise&quot; aka &quot;all-pairs&quot; is a combinatorial testing technique, based on the idea that most faults result from the interaction of two factors, so test suites based on combinations of pairs will still be effective at finding issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further reading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This site has a great list of resources: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.combinatorialtesting.com/clear-introductions-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.combinatorialtesting.com/clear-introductions-1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T04:33:32.420" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T04:33:32.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7578" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:33:32.420" Score="0" Body="Combinatorial testing seeks to test the interactions between different parameters that affect the system. &quot;Pairwise&quot; aka &quot;all-pairs&quot; is a combinatorial testing technique." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T04:33:32.420" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T04:33:32.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7579" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:39:45.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The BBST course on Bug Advocacy is a fantastic resource for anyone seeking to improve their bug reporting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/bugadvocacy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bug Advocacy: Effective Bug Investigation and Reporting&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T16:11:31.087" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T16:11:31.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7580" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:39:45.327" Score="0" Body="For questions around all the myriad different ways of recording and reporting issues." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T04:39:45.327" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T04:39:45.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7581" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:43:16.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software quality assurance (SQA) consists of a means of monitoring the software engineering processes and methods used to ensure quality.[citation needed] The methods by which this is accomplished are many and varied, and may include ensuring conformance to one or more standards, such as ISO 9000 or a model such as CMMI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQA encompasses the entire software development process, which includes processes such as requirements definition, software design, coding, source code control, code reviews, software configuration management, testing, release management, and product integration. SQA is organized into goals, commitments, abilities, activities, measurements, and verifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software quality assurance, according to ISO/IEC 15504 v.2.5 (SPICE), is a supporting process that has to provide the independent assurance in which all the work products, activities and processes comply with the predefined plans and ISO 15504.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T05:36:12.853" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T05:36:12.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7582" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:43:16.487" Score="0" Body="For questions relating to the role of QA developer, Developer In Test, Software Development Engineer In Test, Test Automation Engineer." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T04:43:16.487" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T04:43:16.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7583" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:48:54.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/products/free-testing-framework/overview.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/products/free-testing-framework/overview.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the site:&#xA;&quot;This powerful framework will help you write automated tests for your HTML5, AJAX, Silverlight and WPF applications. Benefit from rich API, LINQ support, browser abstraction, and built-in support for Telerik UI components and Kendo UI widgets. Enjoy integration with various unit testing frameworks such as Visual Studio Unit testing, NUnit, MbUnit and XUnit.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T04:48:54.543" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T04:48:54.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7584" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-21T04:48:54.543" Score="0" Body="For questions related to the Telerik testing framework, or other Telerik tools." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-01-21T04:48:54.543" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T04:48:54.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7586" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7588" CreationDate="2014-01-21T12:32:44.523" Score="6" ViewCount="10629" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a Websocket server which I have to load test. The test case is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maximum number of connections possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each connections should be sending 1 message/second&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools I have tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Phantom JS (Unsuccessful)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apache JMeter (Partially successfully): I was able to simulate simultaneous connections. For each connection a separate thread is created. But I am only able to send one message after connecting using the plugin &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/kawasima/jmeter-websocket/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/kawasima/jmeter-websocket/&lt;/a&gt; the thread just remains stagnant after send that one message. I cannot create a separate thread group for sending messages as I wish to test a situation where communication takes place via the existing Websocket only. I might be missing some configuration or a rare plugin which allows me to recreate my test case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NeoLoad 4.2: This is the exact tool I was looking for. It allows me to perfectly create my test case BUT my company is not ready to invest in any testing tool(Forget about having a testing team either). And due to trial limitations, I am only able to simulate 10 users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest/advice with any possible tool or plugin which will help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how I managed it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Tester {&#xA;&#xA;    static int i;&#xA;    int numberOfConnections = 300; //number of simultaneous connections.&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        final String channel = &quot;111&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        for (i = 0; i &amp;lt; numberOfConnections; i++) {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);&#xA;&#xA;                new Thread(new Runnable() {&#xA;&#xA;                    @Override&#xA;                    public void run() {&#xA;                        try {&#xA;                            final CUstomWebsocketClientWrapper client = new CUstomWebsocketClientWrapper(&quot;http://162.243.235.172:8080&quot;, &quot;demo&quot;, &quot;demo&quot;);&#xA;                            client.createConnection(channel + i); //Open the connection&#xA;&#xA;                            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);&#xA;&#xA;                            new Thread(new Runnable() {&#xA;&#xA;                                @Override&#xA;                                public void run() {&#xA;                                    while (true) {&#xA;                                        try {&#xA;                                            client.push(channel + i, &quot;Message&quot; + i); //Send message&#xA;                                            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); //Change message sending rate here.&#xA;                                        } catch (InterruptedException ex) {&#xA;                                            Logger.getLogger(Tester.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);&#xA;                                        }&#xA;                                    }&#xA;                                }&#xA;                            }).start();&#xA;&#xA;                        } catch (InterruptedException ex) {&#xA;                            Logger.getLogger(Tester.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }).start();&#xA;            } catch (InterruptedException ex) {&#xA;                Logger.getLogger(Tester.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will create clients sending messages at the defined rate. Make sure you have loads of RAM or you'll end up with an out of memory error. And after each test you will have to restart Tomcat/Jetty so the threads are destroyed. This is not the ideal or memory efficient way but this is the only method that works for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6777" LastEditorUserId="6777" LastEditDate="2014-07-02T06:14:36.703" LastActivityDate="2020-04-16T09:44:48.187" Title="Websocket Load Testing" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7589" CreationDate="2014-01-21T16:12:22.307" Score="3" ViewCount="2440" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few pages where we allow the people to enter other language characters like german, dutch, spanish etc.... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to test the field by using words of different languages to make sure all the characters are saved in its own format. I used the german word (Geschäftsreise). After saving, the letter (ä) is displaying as �&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to test these fields? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-02-25T07:03:28.770" LastActivityDate="2014-02-25T07:03:28.770" Title="How to test the field with different languages?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7586" CreationDate="2014-01-21T16:25:21.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past, I used a .net websocket client library, however .net 4.5 has support for websockets: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/617611/Using-WebSocket-in-NET-4-5-Part-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/617611/Using-WebSocket-in-NET-4-5-Part-1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure there are other libraries in java or other languages that also allow you to interact with a WebSocket, but I am less familiar with them.  Once you find a library, you can create the calls to make the connection and then send any additional requests to the WebSocket. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could then either use a tool such as Jmeter through it's support of executing junit tests, or write some code to spawn threads and send requests yourself.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I ended up writing through the use of the .net WebSocket library was a functional automation framework for the WebSocket that was extended to also perform load and stress tests.  All of the tests were executed through nunit, and our framework handled all of the thread management.  I'm not sure what your or your team's skill set is, but if you have a developer familiar with writing a multi-threaded app, it isn't so bad to write it from scratch.  The nice thing about this approach is that you can easily use it for functional automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T16:25:21.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7587" CreationDate="2014-01-21T16:52:41.077" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're already doing it! The core principle here, which you're already following, is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare some data &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter it into the input field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check whether it is displayed correctly in the output.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make your testing more sophisticated and thorough, consider the possible variations at each stage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Data:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic numbers and letters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic punctuation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non-ascii letters e.g. the ä used in German.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non-ascii punctuation e.g. the em-dash — , the en-dash – , the ellipsis …&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Types of whitespace: Spaces, non-breaking spaces, tabs, line-breaks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Short data, long data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Data entry:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Typing the text directly into the input field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasting in the text.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasting from a plain-text source e.g. notepad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pasting from rich-text sources e.g. Word&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Output:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The input field, after saving the data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A plain-text display of the data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A report including the data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A feed to another application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are lots of subtle ways that programs can fail to preserve or convert the input data, so this approach is often a productive source of bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T16:52:41.077" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7587" CreationDate="2014-01-21T18:23:55.980" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/test_tools/tool_page/babel.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Babel tool&lt;/a&gt; will generate characters by language group, or multiple language groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, if you are seeing a � character, that usually indicates that you don't have a font capable of displaying the Unicode character (or the Unicode code point is not assigned a character).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Corruption is usually indicated by a single chars displaying as 2 different chars, or as the question mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, plain text will only support character sets for the default system locale of the operating system. Since you are dealing with web pages, the default encoding of the Internet is UTF-8 (unless the pages are encoded otherwise).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I recommend trying Indic languages since Indic language groups are Unicode only languages and have no ANSI fallback. This way you can make sure your pages support Unicode 100%. Thai and Vietnamese are also interesting to test for tonal marks and combining characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CJK characters of course. Inputting the characters using the IME may result in different behavior as compared to copy/paste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-01-21T18:23:55.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6582" CreationDate="2014-01-22T10:20:39.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This worked for me (think setting &lt;code&gt;'pdfjs.migrationVersion'&lt;/code&gt; did the trick) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile desiredCapabilities = new FirefoxProfile();      &#xA;desiredCapabilities.setPreference(&#xA;&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;application/x-zip-compressed,application/zip,text/csv,text/CSV,application/octet-stream,application/pdf&quot;); &#xA;desiredCapabilities.setPreference(&quot;plugin.disable_full_page_plugin_for_types&quot;, &quot;application/pdf&quot;);&#xA;desiredCapabilities.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;, 2); &#xA;desiredCapabilities.setPreference(&quot;pdfjs.disabled&quot;, false); &#xA;desiredCapabilities.setPreference(&quot;pdfjs.firstRun&quot;, false); &#xA;desiredCapabilities.setPreference(&quot;pdfjs.migrationVersion&quot;, 1);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(desiredCapabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6787" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-01-22T12:32:06.683" LastActivityDate="2014-01-22T12:32:06.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7468" CreationDate="2014-01-23T08:03:56.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been testing ion mobile for sometime.As per my view a mobile Web application is viewable by users around the world, even if you’re initially targeting only users in a single country or on a single network. Therefore you need to check your application on as many as possible devices, this will cover the risks of application failures and other issues and improve the market value of the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For iOS we can check it on all devices as they are few in numbers, but for android this becomes a problem as we have quite a large no. of devices for android.&#xA;In my opinion you must test it with the all standard sizes and resolutions, that would make the application secure to a good extent.Also check it with some standard configuration as specified by you for your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T08:03:56.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7612" CreationDate="2014-01-23T08:22:24.213" Score="0" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know what would be the best format for writing test cases&#xA;The current format which I am using is as follows:&#xA;It includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Objective &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pre conditions &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;process &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expected result &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;actual result&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest if its ok or can it be improved or please share any other format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="6803" LastEditDate="2014-01-23T22:51:15.833" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T14:56:48.250" Title="What would be the best test case format?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-02-02T15:47:20.710" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7601" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-23T09:35:45.603" Score="2" ViewCount="11912" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to get started building a project and want to use CUCUMBER from day one. My Ruby background is Intermediate; however, I do have a good understanding of MVC and the structure within Ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In doing some research for books and tutorials, I am not finding any good resource or tutorial  to start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5040" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T17:22:35.910" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T17:22:35.910" Title="Getting Started Web service and RestFul API Testing with CUCUMBER - Looking for tutorials" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7601" CreationDate="2014-01-23T09:48:56.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you seen these? I did a search in google for: &quot;rest testing with ruby&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13955233/how-to-test-a-json-rest-api&quot;&gt;How to test a JSON REST API&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16741490/rest-api-test-cucumber-steps-best-practise&quot;&gt;REST API test cucumber steps best practise&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if you have Ruby skills, then you can write your own library to deal with REST responses or you can use something from &lt;a href=&quot;http://rubygems.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RubyGems&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-01-23T09:48:56.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7604" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-24T11:31:39.517" Score="5" ViewCount="24344" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm starting the test from command line. Is there any way in which i can produce log file in the same form as the summary report listener from GUI mode ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6427" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T17:33:34.763" Title="How to log the summary report when starting the test from command line" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7605" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-24T12:08:56.147" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-24T12:08:56.147" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T12:08:56.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7606" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-24T12:08:56.147" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-24T12:08:56.147" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T12:08:56.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7607" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-24T12:12:58.240" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-24T12:12:58.240" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T12:12:58.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7608" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-24T12:12:58.240" Score="0" Body="Acceptance testing is a kind of testing where the final purpose is proof of fulfillment of the acceptance criteria and acceptance of the work by stakeholders." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-24T16:35:05.620" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T16:35:05.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7586" CreationDate="2014-01-24T13:26:06.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may use websocket client library for any popular language (e.g. java or python).&#xA;For your test scenario it will be more suitable way of testing, rather than try to find some test tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'd advise to use 'select' or 'poll' instead of threading, because it scales better, especially if you need more than 10K connections.&#xA;It took about a couple of hours for me to create simple test suite using python asyncore library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1270" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T13:26:06.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7610" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-24T14:16:48.660" Score="1" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to write test cases for a system that generates work cards (a word document that shows how much time an individual has spent on working on different client tasks). The user enters:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Monday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;From 09.00 To 12.00 I was working at ClientSite A&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;From 12.30 To 17.00 I was working at ClientSite B&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tuesday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From 10.00 To 16.00 I was working at ClientSite A&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end of the week the system generates a report that shows the total working time/day, the working time for client sites. For Monday the total working time was 07.30h, for Tuesday 06.00h. For the whole week the total working time for ClientSite A was 09.00h.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is what should I compare the results of the report to? The only thing I can think of is executing some queries against the database to get the needed information, but that pretty much duplicates what the system does. Another way is to keep track of the working times I enter, sum them up and compare them to the actual result - the method I'm going to use. Any other ideas and comments are appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6148" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T16:41:20.167" Title="What's a good test oracle for generators" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7611" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-24T14:39:37.987" Score="3" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have total 10 years of experience in testing. I am switching to Corporate Training now.&#xA;I have been told to teach manual testing to a batch of developers who want to switch to Testing.&#xA;I have not got opportunity to interact with these people till now.&#xA;Need your advice/inputs regarding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What topics need enforcement?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What will be specific needs of these people?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which technical/soft skills developers normally have will help them to switch to  testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which technical/soft skills developers normally have need tweaking to switch to testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6811" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-01-26T22:48:19.590" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T23:20:58.453" Title="Testing training required for people switching from development to testing" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7597" CreationDate="2014-01-24T14:56:48.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test case needs to be linked to User Story/Requirement ID.Linking to Use Case/Scenario is optional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usual columns that we used in earlier projects are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User Story ID/Description&#xA;Test Scenario[optional]&#xA;Test Case name [starts as validate that....]&#xA;Pre-requisites&#xA;Steps&#xA;Expected results&#xA;Test Case priority[High/Medium/Low]&#xA;Test Data[Optional]&#xA;Post Condition[Optional]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual Results[output] form part of Test Execution template. Some more columns of Test Execution Template are;&#xA;1.Test cases result [Pass/Fail/Blocked/Out of Scope/Inconclusive]&#xA;2.Tester name&#xA;3.Defect ID&#xA;4.Date of Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6811" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T14:56:48.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7611" CreationDate="2014-01-24T15:03:14.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most important difference between developer and tester is the mind set. Tester should be able to understand the developers, the customers and the project managers and every role in a project. For the developers it is not required. &#xA;Furthermore there is a chance they will not understand easily what the difference is between validation and verification, and risk based approach, etc. due to their developer background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would do If I were in your shoes is the next:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISTQB CTFL material to go through the testing methodologies to have solid testing knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;understanding what is the difference between the validation and verification, it is described in the CTFL material, to have the mind set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lot of example where the different roles had different viewpoints to have the chance to put in context the first 2 points&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T15:03:14.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6836" CreationDate="2014-01-24T15:21:13.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree to dzieciou.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition , QA should be referring to implicit/explicit requirements while raising bugs.&#xA;He should mention it clearly in bug description by way of expected/actual results.&#xA;Screenshots/test data are also necessary fields.&#xA;During our projects , we have used bug tracking systems that send automatic notifications to developers/interested people on particular events.&#xA;In addition, continuous communication with developers is necessary to I) establish rapport ii) have quick turnaround on defects ii) share knowledge about functionality and technology supporting it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6811" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T15:21:13.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7604" CreationDate="2014-01-24T16:16:19.427" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question contains the answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/dear-abby-blazemeter-how-do-i-run-jmeter-non-gui-mode&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;run JMeter in non-GUI&lt;/a&gt; mode as per guide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -n -t D:\TestScripts\script.jmx -l D:\TestScripts\scriptresults.jtl&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open JMeter GUI (you may not choose any test plan at all)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Summary_Report&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Summary Report&lt;/a&gt; Listener&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Filename -&gt; Browse - &gt; D:\TestScripts\scriptresults.jtl&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voila, you now have summary results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is using a &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/83191-blazemeter-plugin-to-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Cloud Plugin&lt;/a&gt; which generates not only summary report, but produces informative and professional-looking graphs which help in load test results analysis and has different test run results comparison feature. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;a href=&quot;https://a.blazemeter.com/report/r-ec528242f1e891d&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;sample report&lt;/a&gt; if you're interested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T16:16:19.427" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7610" CreationDate="2014-01-24T16:41:20.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this sort of thing you want the ability to enter a set of known data and compare the results against what you would expect the application to output, either at the database or at the GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With your example, you'd want to first enter the times into the system by simulating the usual method, and check that the database records match what you'd expect to get if a user entered that information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you want to run the report against the data and check that the report returns the correct amounts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key thing is having the known input data so you can be sure it matches the expected output. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T16:41:20.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7611" CreationDate="2014-01-24T17:09:29.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to disagree with SayushiAndo about the ISTQB material - that would not give &quot;solid testing knowledge&quot; in my opinion. Nor would knowing the difference between validation and verification - these are basic items which there's a good chance your developers already know if not by those terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion would be to start with the difference between tester-mindset and developer-mindset. The two are mutually incompatible, but someone can switch between them. It's just not possible to be both at the same time (since the focus of developer-mindset is &lt;em&gt;building&lt;/em&gt; where the focus of tester mindset is somewhere between &lt;em&gt;exploring&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;breaking&lt;/em&gt;. If you focus on breaking while trying to build, you'll never get anywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next thing I'd suggest is looking at the bug report from the other side: as developers, they know what they like to see in a bug report - so as testers they're going to be looking for ways to get that information into their reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other main thing I'd suggest is encouraging them to think sideways - look at different ways of doing things, equivalence sets and so forth. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T17:09:29.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-24T17:10:20.750" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't found many resources where people show-and-tell the quality and testing-related projects they're working on. I don't see the same drive to innovate in the SQA community as I do in others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that true or am I just missing out on cool SQA hubs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where can I share off my stuff?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5494" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-30T11:33:10.310" LastActivityDate="2020-10-30T13:40:38.657" Title="Where are good places to demo + share + show off what I'm working on?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7175" CreationDate="2014-01-24T17:58:06.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have to UI testing for web applications, you can make use of selenium. &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt; It will help you create automated tests as you can recrd your UI actions and them re-play them back at a later point of time. Now when we are doing the UI testing, what we can do is we can change the user agent in our web browser to simulate an android tablet, iphone, etc. You can have a look at User-Agent Switcher 2.0 Chrom Extension. So with the combination of the two you are good to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can combine the User-agent, selenium, and TestNG [http://testng.org/doc/index.html]. TestNG will allow you to write automated code tests which can perform UI based actions [http://testng.org/doc/selenium.html]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For doing the performance testing, you can actually make use of progressive wait periods for the page to load once you click on links/submit button etc and find out which page is taking more time to render, etc. Finally you can have the total time taken for your test as estimation of the amount it will take for a real user to complete the various combination of pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6812" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T17:58:06.973" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7618" CreationDate="2014-01-24T18:40:34.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many of the projects we work on will be either confidential or reuse of something that is already created. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In cases where there are valid innovation, they can certainly be uploaded as open-source projects. I think many of the test frameworks or tools that are popular today have started as small utilities and projects that are shared. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try sourceforge, github to keep the projects public and receive feedback. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6813" LastActivityDate="2014-01-24T18:40:34.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7621" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-24T19:52:54.017" Score="4" ViewCount="6000" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in a unique situation where I was hired as for QA with no computer background. How this happened is a long story but now I'm here, trying to become a useful and productive member of this team. Where would you start your training? What are some of the most useful skills to have?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6814" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T09:28:35.353" Title="How to become a good QA employee" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7611" CreationDate="2014-01-25T00:21:16.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the transformation from Developer to Tester (with a development background), my answer here will be oriented towards what can be done in a short amount of time. This will get your Developers acquainted with Software testing quickly, so they can see if Software testing is actually their cup of tea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Good Software testers&lt;/strong&gt; are people that really enjoy learning about the domain under test and have a real curiosity about what makes it work. If your students don't like testing after their first month of training, them let them out of your class!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I would simply start your students out reading every page of &lt;strong&gt;Elisabeth Hendrickson&lt;/strong&gt;'s fine book on Exploratory testing called &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/ehxta/explore-it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Explore It!&lt;/a&gt;. This will give your students a firm foundation on manual testing, which is the foundation of all good testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, I would have them start creating automated tests with a functional testing framework like Selenium. You could just have them create tests for their (or your) favorite website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two training activities should overlap some, you could start creating automated tests after they have spent the first two weeks on Exploratory Testing study and exercises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another book that I would recommend is &lt;strong&gt;Debugging by Thinking&lt;/strong&gt; by Robert Charles Metzger&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metzger's book is very unique in that it approaches how to do testing the way Sherlock Holmes and other fictional detectives might of done it, looking at logic, psychology, engineering, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thought here is that your developer students will pick up practical testing skills from Hendrickson and foundational thinking skills from Metzger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck and try to have fun with your students!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastActivityDate="2014-01-25T00:21:16.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7621" CreationDate="2014-01-25T08:15:54.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To start with, please keep in mind that your primary objective is to detect bugs. These bugs might be with reference to requirements/common sense/learnings you obtain during the process.&#xA;2.You need to have very good documenting skills to log defect raised. I have seen many instances where a lot of time got wasted just to understand what defect is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to have very good communication skills/assertiveness/ tact /diplomacy to get defect fixed/track defect properly as required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to have a passion for quality and processes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to have a lot of patience, tolerance, and adaptability to change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Formal training that you might need is:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing concepts/deliverables/processes  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing organization  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect Management process  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Waterfall/Agile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6811" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T05:57:28.063" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T05:57:28.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7621" CreationDate="2014-01-25T10:26:08.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testins is definately not about learning theoritical concepts etc., It is more of application of common sense and functional knowledge. I suggest you start learn functionality of your application and follow below guidelines. If you still want to learn about testing theory concepts(which I'm afraid not going to be very useful in doing actual testing) I suggest you read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing/&lt;/a&gt; and be done with learning theory. If you want indepth learning of theoritical concepts CBOK CSTE (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwarecertifications.org/cboks/cste/skillcategories.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwarecertifications.org/cboks/cste/skillcategories.htm&lt;/a&gt;). You are not going to learn more theory than that. Coming to what is important in real world testing, I would suggest you concentrate on below points. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is not always necessary that we have to know alot about computers&#xA;to be able to do testing. Once you know the basics of computers as&#xA;to how to access internet, use MS Word, MS Excel etc,  you can do&#xA;manual testing, if the application you are supposed to test is a&#xA;User Interface application. You just have to learn the functionality&#xA;of the applciation. For example, if you are a manual tester for&#xA;stackoverflow.com website, you will have to know how to post&#xA;questions, give answers, upvote, close and other similar&#xA;functionality that this site offers. Then you are good to do it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, the testing you are supposed to perform is something to do&#xA;with modifying xmls, writing sql queries and testing mainframes&#xA;etc., you will have to have the specialised trainings in the&#xA;specific areas. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once you have learned basics of the application you have to test and&#xA;learned the process to test it, the next thing you have to know is&#xA;how to use basic test management software that is being used by the&#xA;organisation you are working with. Which again is not that&#xA;complicated, how to document tests, bugs etc., &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You will also have to learn different  approaches to design test cases, scenarios. Writing test cases and&#xA;scenarios is not a random work, you have to think about what&#xA;different scenarios the specific application may be used. Have to&#xA;decide what are the likely inputs and outputs to expect. Are there&#xA;any rare scenarios that may break etc., for this you will have to&#xA;gain experience of that application functionally. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Next set of skills you need to posess is communication skills. Your&#xA;test cases, bugs have to be clear and concise. You have to&#xA;confidently elaborate why you think certain failure is a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the best. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5259" LastActivityDate="2014-01-25T10:26:08.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7601" CreationDate="2014-01-25T14:05:38.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chapter 12 of &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Cucumber Book&lt;/a&gt; deals with testing REST Web Services, as well as a wealth of useful advice on getting started with Cucumber in general. The chapter walks through two different approaches. Whether you decide to use the same tools or not, I think the techniques are useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The team I work in decided to write our own library, but as SayusiAndo points out, there are a number of gems too for dealing with REST responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2014-01-25T14:05:38.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7621" CreationDate="2014-01-25T18:00:05.033" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most important skill, I think, is learning about the product. Learn, learn, learn everything you can about your product and how it is used. That tide will float about half of your boats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other roughly half of your boats float on a different tide: your social skills. You need to do a lot of listening and offering support. Get to know the other people on the team and become known as the guy who says &lt;strong&gt;&quot;yes I can look at that.&quot; &quot;yes, I can help you with that.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Writing skill is part of this. Get to know users if you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you combine social skill and product skill, it enables you to connect dots that other people miss. That's really what testers do (I'm going to assume that when you said QA you meant testing or something close to that): we notice inconsistencies that might be important and we report them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning about technical things and programming is helpful over time. In some projects, it's absolutely important. If you have gotten your job without that background, then it must not be considered critical in your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, take an honest inventory of what skills and talents you feel that you do have and consider applying this heuristic: get really really good at things you like to do, and find friends who can help you with things you don't like to do. That's worked well for me over the years. For instance, I like documentation, programming, and analysis, but I'm not very reliable when it comes to any repetitive or periodic task. I prefer to work in &quot;episodes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm better suited for test architecture work, consulting, teaching, or one-time testing blitzes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="593" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T06:00:33.870" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T06:00:33.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7621" CreationDate="2014-01-25T21:01:11.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to be only a good QA employee then start knowing about the product of your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you want to expert in QA then you have to &quot;practice&quot; a lot.Remember you are the master of your own.No body will help you to learn.You have to find your way and that is only possible if you start practicing.Question is how to start?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Try to join &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;weekend testing&lt;/a&gt; group.It will really help you to improve your skill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/sqa/entry/the_zen_of_sqa24?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Read more blogs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn something then start writing a blog on that topics.But don't copy from other source just read that topics from any source (Its may be from books or online resources) and then start writing that to your blog.Try to explain that topic from your own.This is also a good way to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5040" LastActivityDate="2014-01-25T21:01:11.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7205" CreationDate="2014-01-26T10:25:10.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is too broad, however I will try to answer as best as I can. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A framework is a combination of predefined process and components that can be used to write actual automation scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following are the critical features of any automation framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test GUI Object Repository - Any UI automation will have objects to interact with. These object will have to be stored and retrieved in an efficient manner and used in automation scripts. Either Object repository or descriptive programming approaches can be used however it should be uniform across the automation project, otherwise you will have very troubled automation project, where you can't find if you already have a certain objects or if you have to create a new one. This will create confusion and duplicate objects. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuration - How are you going to do the configurations required for your tests, how are the people going to change this configuration settings? ini files or property files or xml files can be used what ever approach is used, certain convention has to be formulated and communicated to the entire team. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data parameterization &amp;amp; input data modifications - The main requirement of automation tests is that it can run for different sets of data without too much modification or fiddling. Typically data will be stored in excel files when it comes to QTP. However Certain wrapper funcitons needs to be written so that bulk data required for tests can be read easily. For example, if all your tests need address which consists of 10 fields, your framework should provide quick way for people to read all 10 fields without having write code for all ten fields. How will you maintain data for hundreds of tests? Are you going to maintain in one excel file? or are you going to create multiple xml files? How are you going to store common data? All these questions must be answered and necessary functions must be written before you can call your framework complete. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Dependencies &amp;amp; Order of execution - How does your framework solve the problem of running all pre-requisite steps required for certain tests? Are there going to be dependencies between tests? In such case how will you ensure all tests can be run without duplicating the code? Your framework should take care of that. How will the tests be triggered? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filtering of tests - Your framework should also take care of easy filtering of tests. If you want to run only 20 out of 100 tests you have, how will you do that? Some frameworks do that by making use of extra column in your data file where you mention whether a certain test should run or not. There are other approaches as well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Naming conventions - Naming conventions are very important for tracing of tests. Especially if you don't use a test management tool and test automation tool from same company. If your company writes all tests in excel but uses QTP to automate how will you ensure that your automation scripts are running all the tests? Naming conventions will help you there. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error handling incase of exceptions - What happens when a test is stuck and couldn't continue, how does your framework ensure that you don't come back in the morning and find that your test execution is stuck in test number 2? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy reporting of failures - How does your framework report failures? Is it always going to be reports that are generated by QTP? Is it easy for a project manager to see the QTP report and understand how many tests failed and how many passed? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to solve each of these questions, you will be able to create a framework on your own by the end of implementation of solutions for all the above issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5259" LastActivityDate="2014-01-26T10:25:10.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7618" CreationDate="2014-01-26T17:25:22.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you talking about showing off tools, or approaches, ideas, experiences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found the test community full of people wanting to talk about all of those things, but because most of the cool stuff is about ideas rather than a concrete end product there isn't a single repository where people upload stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find a lot of cool new stuff by following people on Twitter, by looking at sites like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com&lt;/a&gt; and by going to meetups and conferences. If I have an idea for something and want to get feedback, then for me what works is using Twitter or posting it on a blog, or going to a discussion forum (like softwaretestingclub, but not here - as this isn't a discussion forum), or going to a meetup. (If there isn't a meetup near you, start one?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sharing work stuff is harder as it tends to be confidential. But some organizations do - look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://quality.mozilla.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mozilla&lt;/a&gt; or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Quality_Assurance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Foundation&lt;/a&gt;, for some examples (I'm finding the WMF QA mailing list a great source of ideas for our automation suite at work right now).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also look out for things like &lt;a href=&quot;http://testathon.co/#what-is-a-testathon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testathon&lt;/a&gt; or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Weekend Testers&lt;/a&gt; if what you're looking for is to be able to test in public.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-30T11:33:45.923" LastActivityDate="2020-10-30T11:33:45.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7618" CreationDate="2014-01-27T08:07:16.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my city people often meet together to discuss testing topics during &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.meetup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;meetups&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been to presentations on both their testing methodologies and their test automation frameworks. Sometimes they are mixed with presentations for devs, sometimes they are dedicated to testers.  You can find a meetup in your neighborhood or organize a new one yourself, using the Meetup platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T08:07:16.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7212" CreationDate="2014-01-27T10:04:31.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would check into &quot;clone detection&quot; tools for finding &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplicate_code&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;duplicated code&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any code X with tests T,&#xA;being duplicated somewhere else, presumably requires the same tests T.&#xA;And the opinion you get about whether the code is duplicated from&#xA;such tools is authoritative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find helpful &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semdesigns.com/Products/TestCoverage/ImprovingTestCoverage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this discussion&lt;/a&gt; about how removing&#xA;cloned code, raises your coverage rate without writing any additional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6663" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T10:04:31.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6000" CreationDate="2014-01-27T10:14:56.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semdesigns.com/Products/TestCoverage/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;family of test coverage tools&lt;/a&gt; satisfy directly your requirements 2/3/4 and your interest in tools that cover C# as well as Java (and several other languages).  The tools are scriptable, so integrating into TeamCity should be straightforward, but they don't do that out of the box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6663" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T10:14:56.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="750" CreationDate="2014-01-27T16:59:11.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a former tester and now a QA Manager I have worked for over 15 years testing and managing the testing of very complex Geology and Geophysics interpretation software.  My test team are all geoscientists first and testers second since you have to have an advanced degree to understand what the software is doing.  I worked on a team using RUP, and we were ISO 2000 certified.  Talk about the tail wagging the dog.  As a team lead, at a major oil services company who produced GeoFrame and now Petrel, I can say the standard, the ISO2000 standards that is, drove everything.  The organization was so focused and preoccupied with complying with the standard that more time was spend in worthless meetings, creating artifacts and jumping through the hoops dictated by the standard than doing constructive testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now using Scrum Agile in a different company, the testing is much more streamlined and effective.  We are putting together a testing standard for Agile, as part of our Definition of Done for user stories and iterations.  We found that the QA team was geing forced to carry forward a lot of technical debt in the form of uncompleted workflow test cases, that could not be completed until all the functionality was in place from the last iteration.  It is kind of Catch-22.  Can't complete the test cases until all the coding is completed and can't close all the user stories until all the test cases are completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am taking great pains that we do not create a testing standard that puts us in a straight jacket or becomes the tail that wags the dog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6834" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T16:59:11.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7634" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-27T21:32:04.913" Score="2" ViewCount="2060" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently helping out with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://todomvc.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TodoMVC&lt;/a&gt; project by adding automated tests. I have been 'exercising' my tests by trying them out on new submissions, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/tastejs/todomvc/pull/798#issuecomment-33368567&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one recently&lt;/a&gt;. One problem I have discovered is that the test results often look worse than they actually are due to dependencies between tests. Because these are automated UI tests, if for example the process of adding items to the todo list has a small flaw, the knock on effect is that numerous other tests will fail indirectly, even if the function that are trying to test is actually correctly implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think it looks great to have 14 failures when there are actually only 3 underlying failures. It doesn't help people diagnose and solve these issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What might be better is that if a pre-requisite test fails subsequent tests are not executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a general / conceptual sense, how do you manage dependencies between tests? Do you acknowledge these dependencies in any way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6836" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T09:57:12.850" Title="How do you manage dependencies between automated UI tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7634" CreationDate="2014-01-27T23:01:01.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I solve this is to ensure all the unit tests will revert back to the 'known' state regardless what happens. For example, I have a feature that manage subscription via web. In 'add' subscription tests, I always clear up the subscription data before the next test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTH, &#xA;Chuan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T23:01:01.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7611" CreationDate="2014-01-27T23:20:58.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;apart from the testing how-knows mentioned by various people in this thread, one thing I found useful for a developer is the overview on how various products in the company work together as a solution to the customers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2014-01-27T23:20:58.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7637" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-28T06:17:37.527" Score="0" ViewCount="9228" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LaQRN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Find the attached screen shot for reference(Scripts with result)&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I executed some selenium scripts, but they are not running properly. Execution is taking the scripts randomly and start execution. I want to execute the scripts as per script order. Please tell me a solution for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example the scripts' order is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loginpage (1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dashboard (2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;firstlink (3)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;secondlink (4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;thirdlink (5)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Execution order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;firstlink (3)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dashboard (2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;secondlink (4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loginpage (1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;thirdlink (5)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to execute these scripts in the proper order?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6840" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T01:06:49.393" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T12:28:53.437" Title="Selenium tests written using Junit are not running in order" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7634" CreationDate="2014-01-28T08:32:52.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are two different possible situations when we talk about that sort of test dependencies. Let's say we have 2 tests A and B&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If A and B depend on the same component/feature of your product and you know that if A fails, then, B can not success, then you should skip test B altogether. For example, a login/password page where A check that input forms for login and password are displayed and B test some set of inputs. In Robot Framework, I check &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.googlecode.com/hg/doc/libraries/BuiltIn.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;${PREV TEST STATUS}&lt;/a&gt; at the beginning of execution of B and, if it is Failed, then I stop B (using &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.googlecode.com/hg/doc/libraries/BuiltIn.html#Fail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fail&lt;/a&gt;&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If B will fail because it uses the feature tested in A and this feature fails, but more in a workflow way. Then I will try to make B independent of this feature. For example, if A test &quot;add item to list&quot; and B test &quot;remove item from list&quot;, then if the setup of B is &quot;first add an item&quot;, then B will fail when A fails. What I would do is to add the item with a non-gui / more robust way (updating directly the &quot;objects&quot; that contains the list of items... whether it is a javascript object, a file or a database). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T08:32:52.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2014-01-28T09:03:30.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Static analysis can be effectively used for ‘Finding Bugs’. Good static analysis tools are inter-procedural, flow-sensitive, and context-sensitive. They yield results with a low level of false positives.&#xA;While static analysis is able to find errors in code, dynamic testing processing can help identify ways in which software does not do what it is meant to do. &#xA;Static analysis and dynamic testing utilize entirely different techniques therefore they should be regarded as ‘Complementing’ methods that help make software better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T09:03:30.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7640" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-28T09:53:44.360" Score="2" ViewCount="9836" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem I would like to solve is as follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;go to a website which is protected by client certificate authentication using browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;once the security challenge dialog box is shown, select on the dialog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;look through the list of certificates I have in my keystore&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select the desired certificate and click 'ok'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this possible with Selenium/Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/43D7t.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6845" LastEditorUserId="791" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T12:10:12.837" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T08:36:21.317" Title="How to select Security Certificate From security Dialog" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7641" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-28T10:57:56.820" Score="9" ViewCount="1926" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've tried to use soapUI to set up a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/Security/boundary-scan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Boundary Scan&lt;/a&gt; security test, using the sample wsdl provided in the soapUI tutorial. I changed it so that it has a restriction on the username field for the loginRequest action (cf. below). Yet whenever I try to run the security test, the boundary scan gets &quot;SKIPPED&quot;. No error messages get displayed. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Does anyone know how to set up a (working) Boundary Scan with SoapUI's free edition?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Changes to WSDL&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I replaced the following line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;xsd:schema targetNamespace=&quot;http://www.example.org/sample/&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   &amp;lt;!-- CHANGED/ADDED --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;xsd:schema xmlns:xsd=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema&quot; targetNamespace=&quot;http://www.example.org/sample/&quot; xmlns:tns=&quot;http://www.example.org/sample/&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;xsd:simpleType name=&quot;usernameType&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;xsd:restriction base=&quot;xsd:string&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;xsd:length value=&quot;9&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/xsd:restriction&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/xsd:simpleType&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;!-- END ADDED --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &amp;lt;wsdl:message name=&quot;loginRequest&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;wsdl:part name=&quot;username&quot; type=&quot;xsd:string&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &amp;lt;wsdl:message name=&quot;loginRequest&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;wsdl:part name=&quot;username&quot; type=&quot;tns:usernameType&quot;/&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- CHANGED --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've provided &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.soapui.org/viewtopic.php?f=13&amp;amp;t=22943&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;more detail&lt;/a&gt; of what exactly I did on soapUI's bug tracker board and I'm using soapUI v4.6.4. I'm not sure it's a bug or a simple mistake on my part, so any help would be much appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; When selecting the parameter in the Boundary Scan window, soapUI does complain &quot;parameter is missing type in schema&quot; - which I can't quite understand, because the type is there; cf. XML snippet above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE: PARTIALY RESOLVED&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I just tried the same exercise with our own WSDL, and got a different &quot;error&quot; message: &quot;No restrictions in schema are specified for this parameter!&quot; Turns out soapUI has the xsd namespace hard-coded in; changing it in our own WSDL to xsd (so it reads xsd:restriction) fixes the issue for our own WSDL. No idea what the initial error (with the sample WSDL) is about, though. Hints are still appreciated. But at least it's now working for us...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6846" LastEditorUserId="21451" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T07:39:07.793" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T10:31:56.000" Title="How to use soapUI for Boundary Scan security tests?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7645" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:19:59.327" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T14:19:59.327" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T14:19:59.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7646" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:19:59.327" Score="0" Body="User Stories are part of business analysis. User stories are usually used in prototyping the system, but can be a powerful input in test analysis. They can help a test analyst imagine how the target system will be used.  A test analyst can write test cases according to user stories." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="1112" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T16:15:42.863" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T16:15:42.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7647" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:28:20.640" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T14:28:20.640" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T14:28:20.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7648" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:28:20.640" Score="0" Body="Bug severity is a way to categorize a bug.  In some organizations, it measures the degree to which a bug damages a system." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T15:11:22.243" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T15:11:22.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7649" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:30:14.413" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T14:30:14.413" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T14:30:14.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7650" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-28T14:30:14.413" Score="0" Body="Bug priority is a way to categorize a bug.  In some organizations, it measures the urgency of fixing the bug." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T15:12:32.857" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T15:12:32.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7652" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-28T15:46:17.043" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T15:46:17.043" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T15:46:17.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7653" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-28T15:46:17.043" Score="0" Body="SAP is an ERP system solution developed by SAP AG company." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T23:49:43.370" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T23:49:43.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7637" CreationDate="2014-01-28T16:50:16.080" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two parts to this answer:&#xA;First, to answer the question, there are many test runners.  Some of them by default will run in a particular order, it may be the order they appear in code, or alphabetically, or some other order.  There is often a way to tell the test runner to execute them in a particular order by providing some additional command line parameters, or altering the config.  From your screenshot you're using junit, junit actually does not have a way to force the order of execution, see this for details: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3693626/how-to-run-test-methods-in-specific-order-in-junit4&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3693626/how-to-run-test-methods-in-specific-order-in-junit4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second part is not directly answering the question, but is important and is also discussed in the linked answer from stackoverflow.  You should avoid having tests that need to be run in a specific order.  What if you want to execute only the last test, or debug the last test?  Do you have to wait for all of the other tests to execute?  What if one of the tests early in the chain fails, likely all of the rest of the tests will fail as well.  What happens when you get a large suite of tests and you want to execute them in parallel?  It is typically a best practice to have individual tests self contained and not relying on other other tests for the reasons outlined above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T16:50:16.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7655" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-28T19:37:28.747" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T19:37:28.747" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T19:37:28.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7656" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-28T19:37:28.747" Score="0" Body="End-to-end testing is a way of performing testing used to test the business flow of an application or system from start to finish. It can be a part of integration testing to check dependencies between components of the system. " OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-28T19:59:24.143" LastActivityDate="2014-01-28T19:59:24.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6405" CreationDate="2014-01-29T09:18:42.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use contextMenu method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;contextMenu(//table[@id='yourID']);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-core/1.0.1/reference.html#contextMenu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-core/1.0.1/reference.html#contextMenu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6832" LastEditorUserId="6832" LastEditDate="2014-03-13T13:16:44.773" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T13:16:44.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7660" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-29T15:04:06.127" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T15:04:06.127" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T15:04:06.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7661" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-29T15:04:06.127" Score="0" Body="State diagrams or state-charts are part of business analysis, usually used for displaying a workflow or in general to chart a state changes of part of the system in finite number of predefined states. " OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T22:06:37.027" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T22:06:37.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7662" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-29T15:08:05.557" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T15:08:05.557" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T15:08:05.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7663" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-29T15:08:05.557" Score="0" Body="Scrum is a part of Software development process, iterative and incremental Agile method / framework for IT project management and/or application development." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T22:06:42.853" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T22:06:42.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7664" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-29T15:15:09.243" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T15:15:09.243" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T15:15:09.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7665" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-29T15:15:09.243" Score="0" Body="OpenScript is a scripting platform for Oracle Application Testing Suite based on Eclipse and java." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T18:34:09.230" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T18:34:09.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7546" CreationDate="2014-01-29T16:09:50.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The CTFL material deals with only that part when the people think that the automation is the silver bullet. This topic is dealt together with the testing tools where the same attitude can be experienced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The CTAL-TTA deals with the automation part. There is a book about it written by Rex Black.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, keep in mind that I have read these books a year ago and since than a few things happened. So, please go to the ISTQB website and download the syllabuses and check whether I was right or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T16:09:50.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7407" CreationDate="2014-01-29T16:10:24.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, you will need the QTP Java Add in to automate Java applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, look into &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/qtp-quicktest-professional-tutorial-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the QTP tutorials right here&lt;/a&gt;, they are interacting with the Flight application that is delivered with the QTP installation. The tutorial will give you a basic understanding of QTP, but skip the VBScript lessons on this site there are better ones. &lt;a href=&quot;http://w3schools.com/vbscript/default.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;W3Schools&lt;/a&gt; is not the best tutorial point, but they have a nice online &quot;Try it yourself&quot; feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have QTP installed there is also a documentation folder. The help function (F1) of QTP is also quite good and also based on examples on the Flight applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering, is there a special reason you would use QTP as a test automation tool for Swing, since there are cheaper (= free!) and maybe better alternatives &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/91179/automated-tests-for-java-swing-guis&quot;&gt;around the corner&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4787" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T16:10:24.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7668" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-29T16:16:55.370" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T16:16:55.370" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T16:16:55.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7669" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-29T16:16:55.370" Score="0" Body="Testability or software testability is the degree to which a software component or artifact (system, module, requirement or document) lends itself to testing." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-29T19:31:02.453" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T19:31:02.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7670" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-29T16:21:12.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;International Software Testing Qualification Board (ISTQB) is one of the largest certification providers for Software Testers that operates internationally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They conduct exams in the following levels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Foundation Level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile Tester Extension&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Model-Based Tester Extension&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Advanced Level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expert Level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T02:38:54.850" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T02:38:54.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7671" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-29T16:21:12.170" Score="0" Body="International Software Testing Qualification Board (ISTQB) is one of the largest certification providers for Software Testers" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T02:39:00.397" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T02:39:00.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7637" CreationDate="2014-01-29T16:27:39.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a new method you could use which is the &lt;code&gt;@FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING)&lt;/code&gt; and place this outside of your class, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING)&#xA;&#xA;public class HowDoIRunMyTestsInOrderIWant {&#xA;public static ChromeDriver chrome;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeClass&#xA;public static void launchBrowser(){&#xA;some code goes in here&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void aLogIn(){&#xA;your code = chrome.findElement.blahblah&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void bAnotherTest(){&#xA;some code in here&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So by naming them in an alphabetical order they will run as you wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastActivityDate="2014-01-29T16:27:39.780" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7637" CreationDate="2014-01-29T17:48:37.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no default provisioning in JUnit to do this the way you want. By using MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING you can ensure order by naming tests in alphabetical order as showed in other answer. Alternatively, you can create your own OrderedRunner and an annotation to fix this type of ordering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class OrderedRunner extends BlockJUnit4ClassRunner&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;  public OrderedRunner(Class klass) throws InitializationError&#xA;  {&#xA;    super(klass);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @&#xA;  Override&#xA;  protected List computeTestMethods()&#xA;  {&#xA;    List list = super.computeTestMethods();&#xA;    List copy = new ArrayList(list);&#xA;    Collections.sort(copy, new Comparator()&#xA;    {&#xA;      public int compare(FrameworkMethod o1, FrameworkMethod o2)&#xA;      {&#xA;        SeleniumMethodOrder order1 = o1.getMethod()&#xA;          .getAnnotation(SeleniumMethodOrder.class);&#xA;        SeleniumMethodOrder order2 = o2.getMethod()&#xA;          .getAnnotation(SeleniumMethodOrder.class);&#xA;        if(order1.order() == order2.order())&#xA;        {&#xA;          return 0;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if(order1.order() &amp;gt; order2.order())&#xA;        {&#xA;          return 1;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;          return -1;&#xA;        }&#xA;      }&#xA;    });&#xA;    return copy;&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes use of an annotation that is created as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@java.lang.annotation.Target(value = {java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD})&#xA;@ java.lang.annotation.Retention(value = java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)&#xA;public@ interface SeleniumMethodOrder&#xA;{&#xA;  public abstract int order() default 1;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can write tests as shown below and provide order for them...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(OrderedRunner.class)&#xA;&#xA;public class StorageServiceWdTest extends WebDriverTestBase {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    @SeleniumMethodOrder(order = 1)&#xA;    public void testDeleteFile() {&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;adding file&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    @SeleniumMethodOrder(order = 2)&#xA;    public void testAddFile() {&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;adding file&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    @SeleniumMethodOrder(order = 3)&#xA;    public void testMoveFile() {&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;moving file&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will ensure that the tests will always run the given order parameter of SeleniumMethodOrder annotation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://neopatel.blogspot.in/2013/06/junit4-custom-method-order-or-custom.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://neopatel.blogspot.in/2013/06/junit4-custom-method-order-or-custom.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5259" LastEditorUserId="5259" LastEditDate="2014-02-04T12:28:53.437" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T12:28:53.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7675" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-29T18:00:39.427" Score="0" ViewCount="1612" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium webdriver with chrome browser for automation - Junit or java programming - how to upload a file from desktop(or any folder in pc) to application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6859" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T14:30:22.043" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T14:30:22.043" Title="Using Selenium webdriver with chrome browser - Junit or java - how to upload a file from desktop(or any folder in pc) to application" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-02-02T15:32:42.463" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6623" CreationDate="2014-01-30T00:19:46.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you're specifically investigating the impact of caching after a re-start (e.g. looking at what happens after a server outage in the middle of a working day) then analyse the runs where the cache was already populated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your test is reasonably long you could simply exclude the results from the first part of the test and only focus on the period of time when the system stabilised.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also build in a ramp-up and settle period to your test of which you always exclude when you do your analysis. I can't remember from the top of my head but I don't think there's a way to define a settle period in JMeter where results are not measured, so you have to exclude it manually after the fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6864" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T00:19:46.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6196" CreationDate="2014-01-30T00:46:11.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There are no tools that can provide you client-side rendering times&lt;/strong&gt;. Client side rendering is not a measurable value, unless all of the devices accessing the system are identical in terms of hardware and network access to the SUT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;However&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, It is completely viable to do a &lt;strong&gt;stopwatch test&lt;/strong&gt; of the total page rendering time, as long as you communicate to the client/whoever you are reporting to that those measurements are an indication only and take note of the configuration you were using when you took your measurements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I've had a JMeter test running to apply peak load to the system, and manually I browsed the site using &lt;strong&gt;Fiddler&lt;/strong&gt; in &quot;Streaming&quot; mode. By viewing the timeline you can see the client side rendering time which shows up as &quot;gaps&quot; between requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that almost all performance testing tools send network traffic to apply load to a system and therefore will never capture client side render times. Even if they claim to do so, I would be extremely wary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6864" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T01:06:00.953" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T01:06:00.953" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5986" CreationDate="2014-01-30T00:54:22.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I'm taking a stab in the dark here; are there any errors in your &lt;strong&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/strong&gt; file?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To narrow down whether or not there is a memory constraint make sure you edit the &lt;strong&gt;jmeter.bat&lt;/strong&gt; file and increase the Java heap size. The lines that define the heap size are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;set HEAP=-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change both values. In my example I've set a 2GB heap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Also note that 32-bit systems are limited to 3.2 GB (ish) of memory total, so you will struggle to assign more than 2 GB (In fact from experience I got to ~ 1.7 GB)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The default is 512 MB (I think) which won't give you much to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6864" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T00:54:22.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5949" CreationDate="2014-01-30T02:36:26.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you're describing is a &lt;strong&gt;workload model&lt;/strong&gt;, a model of the measured or expected load on a system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be wary about being fixated on the number of &lt;strong&gt;users&lt;/strong&gt;, often a more useful metric to understand is the number of &lt;strong&gt;business transactions&lt;/strong&gt; or the number of &lt;strong&gt;page/individual requests&lt;/strong&gt;. Knowing how many users are on a system does not describe the load on the system, only the concurrency. For example; you could have 2000 users who log in over an hour and do nothing (2,000 total page requests), or you could have 50 users hitting a page each every second (180,000 total page requests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other part of a workload model is what business transactions you include or not include. Having all of your users visit the homepage of a website, when primarily they'll be buying and searching for products isn't very realistic. Aim to cover the transactions with the highest expected volume, those which are architecturally significant (e.g. are known to put a lot of load on the system), or are known to have prior performance issues. You cannot load test all the functionality of any non-trivial system. Here's an example of a basic workload model which used expected transactional throughput and converted that into the &quot;transactions per thread per minute&quot; required by a JMeter Thread Group:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ubu0n.png&quot; alt=&quot;Example workload model&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you have an existing system you are at an advantage; there should be existing recorded information about the workload that you can work from. This might be reviewing access logs, speaking to key business stakeholders, whatever is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second part of the problem is how do you apply that workload model to your JMeter scripts? It's not intuitive, but without any fancy add-ons I've developed the following approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fbgw9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Pacing&quot; object is just a user action which contains a &lt;strong&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/strong&gt; and a &lt;strong&gt;Uniform Random Timer&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5cC6s.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Target Throughput&lt;/em&gt; for the &lt;strong&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/strong&gt; I've set to a variable called ${pacing} which I set at the Test Plan level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;Random Delay Maximum (in milliseconds)&lt;/em&gt; field in the Uniform Random Timer I set to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__javaScript(1000 * (3600 / '${pacing}' / 60),maximum_delay)} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... which calculates the maximum delay for +/-50% variability (a good target for pacing) on the figure you set pacing to. The &lt;em&gt;Constant Delay Offset (in milliseconds)&lt;/em&gt; field in the Uniform Random Timer I set to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__javaScript(-('${maximum_delay}' / 2))}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This then randomises the pacing +/- 50% based on the the value calculated for &lt;em&gt;maximim_delay&lt;/em&gt;. The weird part of how this works is that the constant delay is calculated and then the random delay is applied on top of that at runtime - it's not particularly logical to read it but it does work!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So going back to the workload model, for the &quot;Browser&quot; thread group I would set the &lt;em&gt;pacing&lt;/em&gt;  variable to have the value &lt;strong&gt;0.22&lt;/strong&gt; times per minute (13.2 times per hour). The maximum_delay would be 272727 milliseconds (4 minutes 32 seconds). The Constant Delay Offset would they calculate -136363 milliseconds. What this means is that the pacing will be randomised between 272 - 136 seconds, and 272 + 136 seconds, or between 136 and 408 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6864" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T02:36:26.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7675" CreationDate="2014-01-30T08:31:53.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A sample program for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class FileUpload {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main (String args[])&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.2shared.com/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;upField&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;D:\\james.xls&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@title='Upload file']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6869" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T08:31:53.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7683" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-30T12:54:32.717" Score="-3" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;A tool that migrates data from database A to B has been developed. The tool will be used to migrate all production data from version 1.0 of our app (operating on A) to version 2.0, currently being developed (operating on B). The schema may differ between each other. How are you going to make sure the application is working after migration? Provide your test strategy and sample test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6872" LastEditorUserId="6826" LastEditDate="2014-01-31T11:55:19.510" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T11:55:19.510" Title="A tool that migrates data from database A to B has been developed" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-02-02T15:42:52.857" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7587" CreationDate="2014-01-30T14:35:31.403" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found these sites to be helpful for getting the characters in different languages.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gate2home.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gate2home.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T14:38:28.760" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T14:38:28.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7686" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-01-30T14:37:52.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chrome is a freeware web browser developed by Google. It used the WebKit layout engine until version 27 and, with the exception of its iOS releases, from version 28 and beyond uses the WebKit fork Blink. It was first released as a beta version for Microsoft Windows on September 2, 2008, and as a stable public release on December 11, 2008.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of January 2015, StatCounter estimates that Google Chrome has a 51% worldwide usage share of web browsers as a desktop browser. It is also the most popular browser for smartphones. Its success has led to Google expanding the 'Chrome' brand name on various other products such as the Chromecast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google releases the majority of Chrome's source code as an open-source project Chromium. A notable component that is not open source is the built-in Adobe Flash Player.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10697" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T23:59:04.080" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T23:59:04.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7687" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-01-30T14:37:52.650" Score="0" Body="A web browser developed by Google." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T14:43:50.607" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T14:43:50.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6907" CreationDate="2014-01-30T15:37:12.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have to copy a test set in test lab of QC from one folder to another but I want to preserve the status of the test cases in the new test set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, there is no way to copy a test set and preserve the test execution data from the HP ALM Client.  You have a choice to either move the test set to another folder which will preserve execution data or make a duplicate [copy] which sets all of the newly created Test Instances back to &lt;em&gt;No Run&lt;/em&gt; and does not copy any of the runs.  The only way to do this would be to use the OTA Client API and write some code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The intention is to copy test cases which have not been executed the&#xA;  previous week into a new folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to achieve your goal here.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a new test set &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to the Selected Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Filter/Sort&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tP1m9.png&quot; alt=&quot;HP ALM Test Lab&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a Cross Filter on Test Sets that will uniquely pick the source test set [Test Set ID]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a standard Filter to select the execution status you want to rerun [e.g. Not Passed, No Run].  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/R9416.png&quot; alt=&quot;Cross Filter&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cPVMN.png&quot; alt=&quot;Standard Filter&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE: This assumes that the last time you executed the test was from the source test set.  If it was run after this then the Execution Status may differ.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The final step is just to click on the &lt;em&gt;Add Test to Test Set&lt;/em&gt; button which will add only the tests from your filter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wbO8c.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6826" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T15:37:12.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7170" CreationDate="2014-01-30T16:22:05.743" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you tagged this question with &lt;em&gt;Quality-Center&lt;/em&gt; I am going to assume that you mean a Call to Test as in the example test case below which has several steps that are calls to other Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l5TIW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no straight forward way to do this.  However, you have either access to the database or a version of Quality Center which has the Dashboard you can query the data you are looking for.  Just as an FYI in QC 9.2 and before the Dashboard was an add-on that needed to be purchased separately.  As of HP ALM 11 it is included in the product.  I'm not sure about in between.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If I have a test case that I want to modify or delete, how can I tell&#xA;  if it has been used as a call in for another test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go into the Dashboard Analysis View and Add a New Item [New Excel Report].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jSHwA.png&quot; alt=&quot;HP ALM Dashboard&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and insert the following query:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT TS_TEST_ID, TS_NAME, DS_DESCRIPTION     &#xA;  FROM [td].[DESSTEPS] &#xA;  JOIN [td].TEST &#xA;  ON DS_TEST_ID = TS_TEST_ID&#xA;  WHERE [DS_LINK_TEST] = 8751 &amp;lt;*Your Test ID here*&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you the Test ID and Name of every test which calls the Test in question (if any do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TS_TEST_ID  TS_NAME                                 DS_DESCRIPTION&#xA;8935    Throughput - Purge Location Records_482K    Call &amp;lt;System Test R14 Configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;8938    SCOUT Usability - Template Reports          Call &amp;lt;System Test R14 Configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;8818    CLI - system password setting               Call &amp;lt;System Test R14 Configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;8816    CLI - SST                                   Call &amp;lt;System Test R14 Configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;8817    CLI - GPSD                                  Call &amp;lt;System Test R14 Configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can Change the Where clause to &lt;em&gt;is not null&lt;/em&gt; to get a list of all of the test cases that call a test case.  Or you could use the following query to get a list of all test cases that are called by others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT DISTINCT TS_TEST_ID, TS_NAME &#xA;  FROM [td].[DESSTEPS] &#xA;  JOIN [td].TEST &#xA;  ON [DS_LINK_TEST] = TS_TEST_ID&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6826" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T16:22:05.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7683" CreationDate="2014-01-30T17:26:07.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that the most risk would be in the areas that change schema.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a first step ask for a data migration plan.  That is, a mapping from the current schema to the new schema.  You can then verify that the database was migrated as expected from a data point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to test this aspect properly you will need business domain knowledge of how the application works and which functions access this particular data.  You should focus your testing around the application functions that access this data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the data that has not changed schema, I would suggest that a comparison/diff of the data from the original to the migrated database be done to verify that no data has been inadvertently changed.  This should include both the data and the data model/schema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You labeled this &lt;em&gt;manual-testing&lt;/em&gt;.  However, for such a change it would be nice to have an automated set of regression test cases for added confidence that the application can still read/write to/from the new database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is of course a simplified answer of a simplified question without much detail.  In the real world, you would be worried about stored procedures, triggers, etc. and again the functionality that hinges from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6826" LastEditorUserId="6826" LastEditDate="2014-01-30T19:19:40.023" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T19:19:40.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7691" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-30T17:39:32.787" Score="4" ViewCount="4628" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience using code coverage tools for web applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I primarily work with Webdriver and JUnit, but I am not sure if we are covering all the possible cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may overlap with test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, how to ensure test coverage/code coverage for a website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6858" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T01:48:52.193" Title="Code Coverage for Web Applications?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7502" CreationDate="2014-01-30T17:52:55.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have found this works better than the waits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(new Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;() {&#xA;        public boolean apply(WebDriver d) {&#xA;            return d.findElement(By.id(&quot;your id&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;        }&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6858" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T17:52:55.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3133" CreationDate="2014-01-30T20:10:37.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are talking about the Test Status, there are two distinct status assigned to a Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TS_STATUS&lt;/strong&gt;: The test's current status. The values are from the Plan Status custom list.  Typical values are: Ready, Besign, Imported, Repair.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TC_EXEC_STATUS&lt;/strong&gt;: The execution status of the test.  The values are from the Status custom lsit.  Typical values are: Not Completed, No Run, Passed, N/A, Failed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one can be seen within the Client easily in the details of a Test.  The execution status was behind the scenes until the advent of Test Configurations.  It can be seen in the Test Configurations tab of the Test Plan if you have a recent enough version of HP ALM. So that brings the question, which status are you talking about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are talking about the Test status then there is no relation to the Test Lab as this just represents the readiness of the Test itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll assume therefore that you are talking about the execution status.  You say that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Execution status of scripts is different in Test lab and test plan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One scenario that this could happen is if you run the Test multiple times.  Let's say you run it twice and it has a status of Failed first, then run it a second time and it Passed.  You could be looking at the first execution which has a status of Failed, but the Test itself will show Passed.  This is because the Test inherits the last execution status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also said&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the scripts are passed in test lab but in test plan ,the execution&#xA;  status shows no run or not completed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is No Run, then I don't have all of the information I need.  The only case where it would be No Run is if it was never run (or possibly if it was run and then the Execution Status in the Test Lab was changed back to No Run).  However, if you are seeing Not Completed this could be because you have multiple Test Configurations and you have run some and not others.  When looking at requirements tied to a Test that has multiple configurations, you will see a rolled up status of Not Completed in this case.  This may also be elsewhere in the system and specifically in the &lt;code&gt;TC_EXEC_STATUS&lt;/code&gt;.  Each Test Configuration actually gets its own status in its own database table [ &lt;code&gt;TEST_CONFIGS.TSC_EXEC_STATUS&lt;/code&gt;].  This is what you are seeing in the Client.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without more information on what field you are talking about and under what conditions this is happening I cannot give a more definite or detailed answer.  I hope this helps you solve your issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6826" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T20:10:37.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="412" CreationDate="2014-01-30T20:49:35.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Several of the answers here imply that static testing is reviewing of the code base.  Many sites would completely agree with this point of view.  However, this term actually has a more general meaning.  Static testing goes beyond just the code base.  Reviewing all parts of the test basis, specifications, oracles, etc is static testing.  Reviews should be completed on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirement documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;High Level and Detailed Software Design specifications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interface Control Documents&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arhitectural Design Documents&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reviewing any piece of documentation that gives an expectation of how the software is expected to behave is considered static testing.  This is a great way to vet out issues inexpensively. All stakeholders can come together and iron out grey areas and conditions that were not previously thought about or conflict.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dynamic testing is executing the code to determine if it functions properly. Although Static Testing is a great tool, you can only go so far with document/code review.  To ensure the requirements are met and the software is performing as expected executing the software [Dynamic Testing] is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6826" LastActivityDate="2014-01-30T20:49:35.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6920" CreationDate="2014-01-31T00:40:35.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the issue here might be in your recursive call to  &lt;code&gt;IterateOverReqs&lt;/code&gt;. You pass in the parameter &lt;code&gt;tn&lt;/code&gt; which is the top node, therefore, all your requirements are being added to that top node.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, you should pass in the &lt;code&gt;t&lt;/code&gt; node so that lower level requirements are added to the node just above it instead of the top node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private void IterateOverReqs(HierarchyFilter reqFilter, HierarchySupportList reqs, TreeNode tn)&#xA;{&#xA;    TreeNode t = new TreeNode();&#xA;    foreach (Req req in reqs)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (req.IsFolder)&#xA;        {&#xA;            reqFilter[&quot;RQ_FATHER_ID&quot;] = &quot;&quot; + req.ID;&#xA;            HierarchySupportList childReqs = (HierarchySupportList)reqFilter.NewList();&#xA;            t = new TreeNode((string)req.Name);&#xA;            tn.ChildNodes.Add(t);&#xA;&#xA;            // Change the below line so that it passes t instead of tn&#xA;            IterateOverReqs(reqFilter, childReqs, t);  &#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6826" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T00:40:35.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7696" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7700" CreationDate="2014-01-31T02:49:54.057" Score="3" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem on deciding how to guarantee good testing of a complex distributed system before release. We have an automated testing infrastructure in place. The problem is that running all the tests takes around 5 days (including stress, longhaul etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let us assume that we start with build V1 of the system and we start testing on that. After 5 days, we look at the results and notice that there are some failures, either due to dev code changes, some due to breakage in the automation. In the meantime, devs continue work on their tasks and after 1 day, we fix all these issues, we get a new build out (V1.1 - which contains more dev changes + changes for the current testing) and we want to start testing again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the question is, what do we test? Do we spend 5 days running the full bunch of tests on V1.1 or do we run only specific tests for the affected code and pray/hope the components do not break? Can you please suggest some methodology around testing such systems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One idea that I had was: create a branch in our repository that starting tests &quot;snapshots&quot; the dev branch and starts running the tests on the snapshot. If changes are required to either the dev or automation, those changes are made in the dev branch and cross-integrated to the snapshot branch. This guarantees that only changes for the test pass are in the snapshot branch, but the second problem is still not solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/cd&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6878" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T05:04:47.963" Title="Release methodology for complex distributed system" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7691" CreationDate="2014-01-31T04:53:12.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All I could say is we cannot test code coverage completely and we would not know regarding that since we are QA / Testers and not developers. &#xA;All we could do is we test the higher end functionality depending on the web application! And later all smaller chunks of the web application is being covered by the test cases you prepare. If you are knowing the code as per your question you are working mainly on webdriver and JUnit so this is an added advantage like you sit with the application and test end to end then later try to analyse if all the functionality are working perfectly. If you find any defect or any bug then &quot;Code Coverage&quot; isn't proper thats all! Bottom line is every button, tab, clicks etc should be covered in your test cases then its possible for complete coverage of the functionality ! &#xA;If possible follow this link too as ans is written for the code coverage too : &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7431/when-to-use-white-box-testing-in-a-software-or-a-website&quot;&gt;When to use White box Testing in a software or a website?&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Hopefully you got the answer for your questions. If so then please let me know. Thanks !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6879" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T05:04:13.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7431" CreationDate="2014-01-31T05:10:21.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a QA / Tester the coding knowledge will be useful during replication of bug if found in our Web application !&#xA;Being a QA I would not be willing to get into complete white box testing since we work on Black box as we cover higher end functionalities with various testing concepts involved in it.&#xA;Well, we get into use of white box only during when we want to prove that our issue which is raised by QA is valid. Hopefully this summarises your questions. Please do let me know! Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6879" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T05:10:21.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7696" CreationDate="2014-01-31T12:39:17.730" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a few extra factors here that can impact the way you handle this problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you get results for each test as it completes or do you have to wait until all tests complete?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have multiple machines on which to run the tests (and is it possible to do this) or are you tied to a single system running your tests in sequence?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you break your tests into smaller groupings? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a complex distributed system it can be difficult to run tests in parallel, but if you can arrange to do this, it will make managing the automation cycle much less challenging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; set up your tests to run in parallel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'd &lt;strong&gt;start by separating the functional regression tests from the&#xA;stress and load tests&lt;/strong&gt;. These are the tests you run daily. If it takes&#xA;more than a day to complete, consider breaking the functional&#xA;regression tests into multiple smaller suites that can be run in&#xA;parallel on numerous machines. You want these scheduled to kick off&#xA;at night so they (ideally) be completed by the time you arrive at&#xA;work in the morning so you can analyze any failures and report&#xA;regressions quickly. This gives you a faster turnaround for purely&#xA;functional tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For your long-run tests such as the stress tests and load tests&lt;/strong&gt;, I'd&#xA;look at generating short versions that can be run in parallel and&#xA;scheduled the same way as the functional tests. These won't give you&#xA;the same level of value as your long-run tests, but they should be&#xA;sufficient to detect any serious problems. Your long-run tests can&#xA;then be scheduled to run say once a week and will pick up any other&#xA;problems. You won't have quite the same level of granularity this way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;but you're always going to be compromising in this situation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you &lt;em&gt;can't&lt;/em&gt; run tests in parallel (you don't have the equipment, the system isn't going to allow it, you don't have the licenses for your automation environment... It's not ideal, but it happens.) I'd suggest you work this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If your tests aren't already reporting as they complete, set them up to do this&lt;/strong&gt;. If you're running them as a single long suite, split it into multiple suites set to run in order. This way you can be analyzing failures before the run completes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Order your tests to put smoke tests and broad functional regression first&lt;/strong&gt;. This will give you the earliest possible notification of functional regression issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things you can do to gather more data faster regardless of whether you can split your automation into parallel runs or not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Each test should report as soon as it completes&lt;/strong&gt;. This doesn't have to be a detailed report - a simple X items passed, Y items failed email is enough to alert your team to potential problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;After each test, export all your logs&lt;/strong&gt; to a shared network location where you can analyze them while the automation is running the next test. That way, if there's a failure you can start analysis without impacting the current run. (This assumes that each of your tests is a granular sequence that starts with the AUT closed and closes the AUT at the end of the test.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If your tests use a common setup sequence&lt;/strong&gt;, consider turning this into a database restore/data flush and reset operation that pulls the data set from a shared network location. I've been in the situation where every test run spent an hour or more configuring data for the actual testing. The team built a once-a-week data configuration automation run and modified the other runs to simply pull the data from the configuration run, reducing setup for the functional runs to about five minutes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consider going through your tests and replacing static waits with component-dependent waits wherever possible&lt;/strong&gt;. It's a lot easier to put a static wait for some number of seconds than it is to code a wait routine that will check for a required component, and return an error if it fails to instantiate and become active within a specified time, but a whole lot slower: if your static wait is 3 seconds and the component exists and is active in 10 milliseconds, the automation will still wait 3 seconds. A fused wait that checks for the component every 100 milliseconds will only wait 100 milliseconds. If your automation has been around for a while, chances are good that there's a lot of static waits scattered through the oldest code (I've never seen an automation code base that didn't evolve and improve over time).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter what strategy you choose, you're going to be compromising between completeness and quick turnaround: your goal is really to get the best possible mix of both.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-01-31T12:39:17.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7702" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-01-31T20:19:39.633" Score="3" ViewCount="557" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am attempting to run tests on a remote agent by using a test controller that is on the same remote machine.  I have set up my TestSettings file as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;RemoteController name=&quot;MachineName&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;Execution location=&quot;Remote&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;AgentRule name=&quot;AllAgentsDefaultRole&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/AgentRule&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I tell MSTest to execute a selected test in release or debug mode, it successfully builds the project and then returns &lt;code&gt;&quot;Failed to queue test run 'run name': No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it.&quot;&lt;/code&gt;  Visual Studio 2013 has been installed on the controller/agent machine, and the agent, controller, and client can all communicate successfully.  Default ports are being used for communication (6901 and 6910), and telnet is able to connect.  How do I get the test executing successfully?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6351" LastActivityDate="2015-02-22T12:32:17.063" Title="Remote testing Coded UI from Visual Studio throws &quot;connection was actively refused&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7696" CreationDate="2014-02-02T12:23:03.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a quick smoke test per build, preferably per commit (aka continuous integration). This will ensure (at least to some degree) that your automation and basic product functionality are still working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you start testing a new build meet the relevant stake holders (developers, product managers, marketing) and decide on where to focus your tests based on risk (aka risk based testing), customers requests etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-02-02T12:23:03.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7705" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-02-02T16:47:07.590" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-02-02T16:47:07.590" LastActivityDate="2014-02-02T16:47:07.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7706" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-02-02T16:47:07.590" Score="0" Body="Questions related to the topic how to isolate a bug. &#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2014-02-03T01:47:11.723" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T01:47:11.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6983" CreationDate="2014-02-03T12:22:08.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree to your points mentioned below that are agility, quality and global duration of testing. Apart from this there can be other goals too. I've shared few according to my experience.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikihow.com/Make-Test-Automation-Effective-in-an-Agile-Environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wikihow.com/Make-Test-Automation-Effective-in-an-Agile-Environment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T12:22:08.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6134" CreationDate="2014-02-03T12:47:45.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation in agile can be a nightmare if it's not done with appropriate analysis. There are certain tips that can help a lot in agile testing. Please check the link.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikihow.com/Make-Test-Automation-Effective-in-an-Agile-Environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wikihow.com/Make-Test-Automation-Effective-in-an-Agile-Environment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T12:47:45.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7722" CreationDate="2014-02-03T16:36:14.313" Score="7" ViewCount="2559" Body="&lt;p&gt;My employer runs some of our systems on physical machines with attached hard drives.  I am charged with performance-testing those systems.  For cost reasons, I've been asked to test those systems running on virtual machines (using Xen) attached to a SAN.  This is clearly not an apples-to-apples comparison.  Some systems use a lot of disk I/O, and so the SAN issue is especially worrisome.  Rather than responding with &quot;can't be done&quot; or &quot;not reliable&quot;, I want to recommend what &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some things that come to mind or that I've found with Google searches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Measure SAN speed vs. hard drive and calculate a ratio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Borrow a physical machine long enough to run a benchmark, do the same with a virtual machine and calculate a ratio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even if you can't predict absolute performance on physical machines, you may  be able to predict relative performance (i.e. whether the candidate release will be faster or slower than what's currently in production)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Measure multiple times at different times of day to mitigate resource contention issues, i.e. conflicts with other virtual machines running on the same physical machine or with other clients using the SAN.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other things you can do to mitigate differences between physical machine performance and virtual machine performance in an environment similar to mine?  I am particularly interested in actual experiences rather than educated guesses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-02-03T17:54:38.507" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T19:22:46.940" Title="performance-testing systems on virtual machines that normally run on physical machines" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;virtualization&gt;&lt;xen&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7710" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-02-03T16:57:32.933" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-02-03T16:57:32.933" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T16:57:32.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7711" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-02-03T16:57:32.933" Score="0" Body="software testing method that loads a computer program with invalid, surprising, or random data." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-02-04T03:00:57.533" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T03:00:57.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7712" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-02-03T16:59:39.127" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-02-03T16:59:39.127" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T16:59:39.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7713" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-02-03T16:59:39.127" Score="0" Body="A fuzz testing framework developed by Michael Eddington of Deja vu Security." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2014-02-04T03:29:53.267" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T03:29:53.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7709" CreationDate="2014-02-03T17:17:32.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be unreliable to calculate ratio, but still it is possible. You should consider that some benchmarks will not show the real aspect as some memory buffers could be much more quicker than real disk field and opposite, virtual machine could be much slower, than real server. So it depend, on which part of your benchmark (which metric) you will apply the ratio. You have to do as much detailed metric set as possible. Then the aspect could be more reliable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, from my experience, performance testing will tell you nothing, if you do not have a comparable hardware. You can have downsized hardware, but it should be at least similar. Virtual machines are not similar hardware at all. So sorry, but your results will be just another estimation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can use VM to performance tuning. So if the performance of one version of the system is poor on VM and another version is better, most probably the performance will increase on production system as well. Another problem here: you can miss correct prioritization of performance bottlenecks. On VM some problem can look smaller or bigger, than would be on real hardware. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck on estimations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T17:17:32.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7715" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-02-03T18:33:29.010" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-02-03T18:33:29.010" LastActivityDate="2014-02-03T18:33:29.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7716" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-02-03T18:33:29.010" Score="0" Body="a hypervisor providing virtualization services where multiple operation systems can run same hardware simultaneously." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-02-04T03:00:48.877" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T03:00:48.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7709" CreationDate="2014-02-04T01:17:17.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, your option #3 is most viable. (relative performance) In fact, I'd run several benchmarks of the same test, with the same configuration and make sure you are getting consistent results. If those results are consistent, and your production release is &quot;acceptable&quot;, you can use the VM results as your new baseline. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of this, if you can run a benchmark on actual hardware in production (live servers or with a friendly customer). You can compare these results to your new VM benchmark. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T01:17:17.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7691" CreationDate="2014-02-04T01:24:32.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For backend coverage (mostly java), we use Cobertura: &lt;a href=&quot;http://cobertura.github.io/cobertura/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cobertura.github.io/cobertura/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers tend to use Emma, in Eclipse: &lt;a href=&quot;http://emma.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://emma.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For frontend (JavaScript), I've heard good things about ScriptCover: &lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.com/2011/10/scriptcover-makes-javascript-coverage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://googletesting.blogspot.com/2011/10/scriptcover-makes-javascript-coverage.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T01:24:32.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7270" CreationDate="2014-02-04T02:53:26.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are limitations as to what can be replayed through Selenium IDE. It is not possible with IDE because the popup is not a html object and will not have any locator. It is an ActiveX object. I would suggest you try Selenium Webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't bother building tests using Selenium IDE, even though the Selenese script recorded by Selenium IDE can be converted to a webdriver script, you will loose chance of building modular tests if you do so. If application changes in future, you will have to modify all your tests independently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your best bet is to use Selenium Webdriver with C#(or Java) and also use some test framework like NUnit(or JUnit), so that non developers can run the tests using NUnit GUI using simple interface, that is the best approach I found so far. Following code is an example of how you can do it with selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(driver.switchTo().alert() != null) {&#xA;  Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;  alert.accept(); // alternatively alert.dismiss();&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5259" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T02:53:26.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-02-04T02:59:14.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming that when you say flow control, you mean conditional statements, loops etc., There are many limitations as to what can be replayed through Selenium IDE. For example handling popups is not possible with IDE because the popup is not a html object and will not have any locator. It is an ActiveX object. Selenium IDE doesn't provide any flow control as well. For that you need to use Selenium Webdriver with either Java or C#. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't try to build tests using Selenium IDE and convert them to webdriver scripts, you will loose chance of building modular tests if you do so. If application changes in future, you will have to modify all your tests independently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your best bet is to use Selenium Webdriver with C#(or Java) and also use some test framework like NUnit(or JUnit), so that non developers can run the tests using NUnit GUI using simple interface, that is the best approach I found so far. You can use PageObject pattern to maintain object repository and write tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5259" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T02:59:14.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7721" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-04T15:55:18.873" Score="1" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's what I've done so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void test() {&#xA;&#xA;    String[] list = {};     &#xA;&#xA;    for (int i=0; i&amp;lt;list.length; i++){&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl + &quot;/&quot; + list[i]);    &#xA;&#xA;        boolean text = driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;meta&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        if(!text) {&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(list[i]);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is, this test returns false. It does not find the meta data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6858" LastEditorUserId="6858" LastEditDate="2014-02-06T17:27:09.377" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T17:27:09.377" Title="Assertions and Outputting Specific URLs" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7709" CreationDate="2014-02-04T19:22:46.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't give a hard list, but I can offer a few pointers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'd definitely start with some kind of baseline against a physical system and a virtualized clone of that system to give a rough ratio of your VM performance hit. It won't be accurate, but it will be a useful data point. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You'll want to know your SAN configuration - particularly the location of the physical data stores. When I was running a large amount of functional automation against virtual systems, I ran into bottlenecks caused by (among other things): the amount of I/O running through the bus; the configuration of the server to run everything off the one SAN platter; the presence and activity of other I/O-heavy virtual systems on the same SAN platter and bus (like a continuous integration build server and a testing database...); more virtual systems on the thing than it had space for; and many more...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If at all possible, you'll want to be monitoring I/O and other performance load factors on the virtualization server - preferably a baseline run with the server under normal loads for the time frame you plan to use for the performance testing, then again with the performance testing running. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the other commenters have mentioned, you're not going to get results that you can directly compare to live systems running on hardware unless you run your tests against the same hardware with the same configuration. What you will get is an indication of whether build X performs better or worse than build Y and what the application bottlenecks might be (this won't be as accurate either, because you'll have to filter out any impact from the virtual server, but it will point you to potential problems).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-04T19:22:46.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7723" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7734" CreationDate="2014-02-04T23:15:47.720" Score="1" ViewCount="2430" Body="&lt;p&gt;My department is currently looking at a tool for QA automation. On that side we are looking at both QTP and Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The major features we want are automation of regression testing, something easily implemented, something with a scheduler and the ability to match test cases to requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We only build web based applications in our department. Currently all testing is done manually just prior to the deployment of new applications, bug fixes, and new features, causing an extreme burden on our QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the pros/cons of both?&#xA;Level of effort to implement?&#xA;Does QTP or Selenium integrate with TFS and/or QC?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6888" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T12:28:22.617" Title="QA Automation Tool. QTP vs Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-02-08T14:18:36.277" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7724" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7756" CreationDate="2014-02-04T23:22:31.110" Score="3" ViewCount="14793" Body="&lt;p&gt;My department is currently looking at a &lt;strong&gt;Quality Assurance test manager&lt;/strong&gt;. On top of that we currently use &lt;em&gt;Visual Studio&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Team Foundation Server&lt;/em&gt; (TFS) on the development side of the house. We're looking to implement &lt;em&gt;Quality Center&lt;/em&gt; (QC) or &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; as the test manager and potentially across the department as our &lt;em&gt;Application Lifecycle Management&lt;/em&gt; (ALM). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My questions&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are your recommendations and why? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the advantages and disadvantages of &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does &lt;em&gt;Quick Test Pro&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt; integrate with &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; and/or &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6888" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T04:35:22.533" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T12:18:14.997" Title="Test Manager. QC vs TFS" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7724" CreationDate="2014-02-05T01:20:44.043" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; is just a simple tool to manage objects (called work items) as bugs, test cases etc. It allows some linking between them and you have to plan it well for what you will use it. It is just general ticket database tool accidentally used for testing. Advantage of &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; would be zero expanses as there are free downloadable client. I'm not sure about server licenses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;HP Quality center&lt;/em&gt; (HPQC) is well Integrated with &lt;em&gt;Quick Test Pro&lt;/em&gt; (QTP) and is made for testing. There are more possibilities / more flexibility. Disadvantage is licensed numbers of paralel users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not personally see &lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt; integration for both those tools, but definitelly for &lt;em&gt;HPQC&lt;/em&gt; could be coded via the java API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt;, there was already a question answered here: (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1135/running-selenium-test-on-tfs&quot;&gt;Running Selenium test on TFS&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T04:35:16.240" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7726" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-05T03:19:08.123" Score="7" ViewCount="54258" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should I learn Python or Java to get into test automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm new to programming. Please share your thoughts or links to any useful information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6912" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-07-21T10:47:13.280" LastActivityDate="2020-12-08T12:28:43.360" Title="Should I learn Python or Java to get into test automation? I am new to programming" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="17" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7727" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-05T05:05:04.793" Score="0" ViewCount="624" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any free tools available to store test scripts, execute and generate reports? For Ex : Test Link  ( I am already using but there are lots of issues )&#xA;I know that all the free tools has some bugs but some may not.&#xA;I would like to know any other tools which are available and user friendly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6879" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T16:39:18.887" Title="Repository of Test Scripts" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-02-05T06:05:21.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not compulsory to learn Python or Java for Automation but it would be better to know Java concepts(or python concept if using python in Automation) and basic fundamental of language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to know and understand core of framework like selenium or testNG then you should have good knowledge of Programming language knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6865" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T06:05:21.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-02-05T08:08:06.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Automation testing you have to learn programming language.&#xA;Sure, first steps may be to do with play-and-records tools (like &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286681%28v=vs.100%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CodedUI&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for solid framework system you should write heap code, use patterns, debaggs and storage code in CVS system (git or svn).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion, the first language must be same which your developers use. They can help you and get good tips hot to use code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For first steps in dev follow next links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver docs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Codeacademy&lt;/a&gt; where you can do first steps with python, ruby and more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/DesignPatterns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Webdrives patterns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://git-scm.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Git&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2957" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T08:08:06.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7721" CreationDate="2014-02-05T08:24:54.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can match your text, if it is false, you can save the url. Try following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String[] pages = {&quot;http://google.com&quot;,&quot;http://yahoo.com&quot;};&#xA;ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; pagesWithoutMeta = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;boolean isMetaPresent= false;&#xA;for (int i=0;i&amp;lt;pages.length;i++){&#xA;    String text = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//meta[@name='Description']&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;content&quot;);&#xA;    isMetaPresent = text.contains(&quot;your text&quot;);&#xA;    /*Or you can do following:&#xA;     *isMetaPresent = driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;your text&quot;);*/&#xA;    if(!isMetaPresent){&#xA;        pagesWithoutMeta.add(pages[i]);//If meta is not present add the url in an arraylist, which you can use or print later.&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you get the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6913" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T08:24:54.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-02-05T08:47:10.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are going to learn it on your own (in case your company does not buy an expensive automation tool that you MUST work with) I advise you to start with basic programming language courses, preferably the same as your devs use, buy a book on it and start from the beginning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that look at webdriver documentation and start building a framework (a set of functions that you use regularly in order to save time and make your code readable and easy to debug). I think is better to use &quot;C# + Visual Studio + Git&quot; or &quot;Java + Eclipse + Git&quot;, these are the ones I know better, if your devs use python or ruby they can help you with that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, just speaking from my own experience, no fundamental knowledge here...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T08:47:10.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-02-05T10:47:55.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is yes and no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should have knowledge about programming to be able to adopt the situation you are in. When it is needed you should be able to learn the particular language to write automated tests. For example, selenium can be used with many languages because there are little differences in its API. So that, the point of the &quot;pick up new stuff&quot; situation is the programming language itself and the technology (if you are in java environment you should know what the difference between pure java and JEE) not the selenium itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my situation. When I started working in IT I only knew php. Later I learned java and I wrote a lot of automated UI tests using Selenium in java. Later, I changed my job and I had to learn how to do this using c#. Now my girlfriend has to learn how to do the same using Ruby and she asked me to help, so that I had to learn Ruby. The more time I go through this &quot;pick up new stuff&quot; process the easier to pick up the necessary knowledge to do my job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes my job was only testing not to write automated tests because it was the developers' tasks as well. So, as you can see to create automated tests it is not necessary to have programming skills because, sometimes, test automation is part of the development tasks. However, if you are able to take part not only test creation (BVA, QP, etc.) but also test automation you will be respected not only because your knowledge, but also your attitude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The backside of the whole is that, my knowledge is superficial ( I dare say that my skills would be enough to be an experienced junior programmer, however my whole IT experience would be enough to be a senior due to the stuff I have seen so far), so I have to spend time to make it stronger. But, as a tester I'm a respected because I have skills and I learn fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T10:47:55.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7723" CreationDate="2014-02-05T12:28:22.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some links related to your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/245/qtp-vs-selenium?rq=1&quot;&gt;QTP vs Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4774255/qtp-vs-selenium-compare&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4774255/qtp-vs-selenium-compare&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.testing-whiz.com/2013/06/comparing-qtp-selenium-and-testingwhiz.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.testing-whiz.com/2013/06/comparing-qtp-selenium-and-testingwhiz.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5916" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T12:28:22.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7727" CreationDate="2014-02-05T12:40:39.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are your requirements ? what bothers you with TestLink ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use a source control system (e.g. git) for storing the scripts and then execute them from Excel plus a VB script, a simple script in your favorite script language or a unit test framework (e.g. x-Unit, google test etc.) they are also capable of generating reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T12:40:39.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7736" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-05T13:36:34.887" Score="1" ViewCount="4338" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company designed dashboard for database data, I need to find best tool who will automate company's website&#xA;This dashboard contains all types of charts like pie chart, bar chart, line chart etc and I need to automate this chart to find whether all charts are working fine or not&#xA;How could I achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6919" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-07-07T10:48:51.543" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T14:03:35.703" Title="Our company needs to perform automation testing for charts like pie chart, bar chart, which testing tool I should go with?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-02-05T22:31:33.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a fan of the Udacity classes:&#xA;Computer Science 101: uses (and teaches) Python basic CS concepts, while building a search engine: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udacity.com/course/cs101&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.udacity.com/course/cs101&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Testing: Teaches testing, by writing Python test code&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udacity.com/course/cs258&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.udacity.com/course/cs258&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-02-05T22:31:33.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-02-06T02:37:52.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I would have to recommend that you learn Ruby. Most of the BDD automation tools like Cucumber and RSpec are coming from the Ruby community and it offers a wealth of test automaton tools available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you are new to programming, I highly recommend that you head over to code academy and do their free online &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com/tracks/ruby&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ruby training&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend that you grab a copy of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber book&lt;/a&gt; and start working through it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T02:37:52.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7736" CreationDate="2014-02-06T09:10:43.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If what you care is the visual aspect of your charts, a tool like Selenium might not be enough. You should take a look to &quot;visual tests&quot; tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://pdiff.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PDIFF&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Huddle/PhantomCSS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomCSS&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/facebook/huxley&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Huxley&lt;/a&gt;. And maybe you could end up using both type of tools: Selenium to navigate in your app/site and visual-tool to check that the visual aspect of your graph is correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T09:10:43.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7721" CreationDate="2014-02-06T09:44:08.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Apache JMeter for this, it can handle things much faster as it doesn't spawn a real browser and sends HTTP requests (GET in your case) only. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll need:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; Sampler - to send requests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65138-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; - to read URLs from file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; - to assure that metadata is present in the page source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; for JMeter if you would prefer using a real browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T09:44:08.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7089" CreationDate="2014-02-06T15:52:19.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Situation: &quot;mostly same&quot; files. Duplication is accepted for some reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Danger: Bug-Fixes in the original will be forgotten in the copy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My idea was to make a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diff&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;diff&quot;&gt;diff&lt;/a&gt; of original &amp;amp; copy and store the result; regularly repeat this action and “diff the diffs” (2nd derivate). Then the candidates of Bug-Fixes can be detected.&#xA;This could be automated, eg Jenkins-integration-server.&#xA;This is only a idea, I have not performed it actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6928" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T15:52:19.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7743" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-06T16:16:58.610" Score="1" ViewCount="16310" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating a site in which there is a section to create forums. Every time I create a forum it displays message as forums created and hides after 1 section. I have to check the displayed message, But many times it throws exception as &quot;Element is not usable&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(id=&quot;create_forums&quot;)&#xA;private WebElementFacade forums;&#xA;&#xA; @FindBy(id=&quot;forum_message&quot;)&#xA;private WebElementFacade message;&#xA;forums.click();&#xA; assertThat(message.getText(),equals(&quot;expected&quot;); //here the element message throws &quot;Element is not usable exception&quot; as it hides with in two seconds.. &#xA;&#xA;public String getMessage() {&#xA;    String messagetxt = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        if (Message.isDisplayed()) {&#xA;            messagetxt = Message.getText();&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            messagetext = ((JavascriptExecutor) getDriver()).executeScript(&#xA;                    &quot;return arguments[0].innerHTML&quot;, Message).toString();&#xA;            logger.info(&quot;message&quot;+messagetxt);&#xA;        }&#xA;    } catch(NoSuchElementException ne) {&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;status message not displayed..... checking from the page source&quot;+ nsee);&#xA;    }&#xA;    return messagetxt;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I find the element or at least handle the exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastEditorUserId="6238" LastEditDate="2014-02-07T10:47:45.133" LastActivityDate="2020-07-15T21:22:53.490" Title="How to find the element that displays and hides with in 2 seconds in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7743" CreationDate="2014-02-06T16:21:20.003" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/selenium-users&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can find a lot of help. There are lot of people who use selenium/webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T16:21:20.003" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7743" CreationDate="2014-02-06T16:44:51.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may or may not be able to interact with the element in time, depending on the speed of your computer and your browser.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are selectors that are faster or slower.  Typically, selecting by ID is the fastest, followed by selecting by Name, and in most browsers, CSS selectors are the next fastest.  Since you are already selecting by ID, there's probably not a whole lot you can do to make it find the element faster. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are just trying to validate the text of the message, you can use the javascript executor to execute some javascript to get back the text of the element even if it is hidden, but you won't be able to validate that the message was actually displayed - only that the text of the message is what you expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure exactly what language you're using, but in Java you could write something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try{&#xA;  assertThat(message.isDisplayed())&#xA;}&#xA;catch(Exception e){&#xA;  //Log unable to verify message displayed&#xA;}&#xA;String messageText = ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;return arguments[0].innerHTML&quot;, message);&#xA;assertThat(messageText,equals(&quot;expected&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-02-06T16:44:51.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7746" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7747" CreationDate="2014-02-06T20:11:30.953" Score="3" ViewCount="1458" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble finding a decent tutorial on how to set up JMeter to load test a deployed ASP.NET web app? Does it have to run on localhost or can it be used to test a deployed app? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to test the performance of the deployed app during different times of the time and test at what times is the app most stressed or slow. Also, how long does it take to retrieve data from the database? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6391" LastActivityDate="2014-02-07T15:05:37.617" Title="Are there any good tutorials on how to set up JMeter to load test a deployed ASP. NET web app?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7746" CreationDate="2014-02-07T15:05:37.617" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From server side perspective if you want realistic numbers your application needs to be deployed to environment close to production.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From JMeter side you need to consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Correlation. ASP.NET web applications use dynamic request parameters like VIEWSTATE and EVENTVALIDATION. You'll need to extract them from previous response and add to next one. JMeter provides a number of Post Processors to extract these values from response and convert them to JMeter Variables. The most commonly used are &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create realistic load. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/115022-how-to-make-jmeter-behave-more-like-a-real-browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to make JMeter behave more like a real browser&lt;/a&gt; guide on how to properly configure your JMeter instance. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Load patterns. Consider reasonable Thread Count and Ramp-up period (50 concurrent threads != 50 real concurrent users), use Timers to simulate think time. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you need to test exact load, like X requests per second you'll need to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-02-07T15:05:37.617" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-07T17:54:24.310" Score="2" ViewCount="625" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written quite a few Ruby programs for my clients test automation project.But the problem is my client wants to check the output to his PC without instilling ruby.He is asking me to make one web application where he can select functionality from drop down and run the automation by clicking run button.And after completion the test it will auto generate a test result.Is there any possible way to do so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5040" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2020-02-23T17:18:48.573" LastActivityDate="2020-02-23T17:24:38.600" Title="Run Ruby Selenium Web Driver without Ruby?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7750" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-08T13:56:18.430" Score="0" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company we use a lot of custom built tools, our Continuous Integration is also custom built and my job is it to drive the development further and to implement automated tests in TestComplete for our latest applications that change daily. The GUI is now quite stable and will not be changed a lot anymore I hope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not seen other Continuous Integration tools like Jenkins yet. We there is a Submit in our CI, the code is compiled and if this is successful it is tested with my tests also. I splitted them into different phases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting the application&#xA;Doing basic interaction like changing layouts&#xA;Exiting the application and collecting log files and dump files that might have been created&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the possibility to attend a training that is paid by the company each year. What training would you recommend to me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastEditorUserId="5259" LastEditDate="2014-02-08T17:14:09.990" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T12:37:35.127" Title="Training recommendations for Continuous Integration and TestComplete" Tags="&lt;training&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7748" CreationDate="2014-02-08T16:24:55.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would recommend a CI like environment. You could setup the scripts to run either on a per job basis, or allow the job to accept a parameter that your client specifies to run the script he wants to run. The output will be displayed in the CI console, so he can check it on his own. Ruby and the scripts would only have to be installed on the CI server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://travis-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Travis&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lmgtfy.com/?q=continuous+integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;google-fu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5693" LastEditorUserId="5693" LastEditDate="2014-02-09T23:33:38.733" LastActivityDate="2014-02-09T23:33:38.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7750" CreationDate="2014-02-08T17:43:00.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use Jenkins to orchestrate our CI and Continuous Delivery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This training course looks pretty good: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cloudbees.com/training.cb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cloudbees.com/training.cb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-02-08T17:43:00.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7754" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-08T19:39:59.110" Score="2" ViewCount="1718" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written quite a few Ruby programs for my clients test automation project.But the problem is my client wants to check the output to his PC without instilling ruby.He is asking me to make one web application where he can select functionality from drop down and run the automation by clicking run button.And after completion the test it will auto generate a test result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got an advice from an expert.He is asking me to use Jenkins and CI Reporter.But the problem is i am novice and do not know to use Jenkins and how to setup my automation script to Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any body tell me-&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;How to setup Jenkins a server and  where to integrate my ruby script  which can hit virtually from anywhere and trigger selenium script to execute all the functional tests and all your client has to do is hit a &quot;Play&quot; button to execute them&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5040" LastEditorUserId="5259" LastEditDate="2014-02-10T00:29:05.690" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T13:24:22.693" Title="How to execute Ruby Selenium Web Driver tests using Jenkins?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7748" CreationDate="2014-02-10T01:12:23.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thoughtworks.com/products/go-continuous-delivery/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Thoughtworks Go&lt;/a&gt; is a product that does exactly what you are after, and is commonly used in Continuous Delivery environments. The community version is free and might meet your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I have no affiliation with ThoughtWorks).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T01:12:23.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7724" CreationDate="2014-02-10T05:35:56.920" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the &quot;development side of the house&quot; is already using &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt;, then you would be crazy to consider &lt;em&gt;HPQC&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;HPQC&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; use per seat licensing, and you will have to pay double. &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; is a true &lt;em&gt;ALM&lt;/em&gt; solution that includes source control, developer work item tracking, build support and everything that the developers need to do their jobs, and in the later versions added testing in their &lt;em&gt;Microsoft Test Manager&lt;/em&gt; (MTM) products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I preferred to &quot;roll my own&quot; testing solutions with &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; instead of using &lt;em&gt;MTM&lt;/em&gt; as it suits how I managed my teams better, but I haven't used the latest versions so I can't comment on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I doubt you will actually be able to successfully implement &lt;em&gt;HPQC&lt;/em&gt;, as the developers won't support you as it will mean that they can't use the tools that they already have invested in and already use for requirements, work item and defect tracking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; has great API support (and &lt;em&gt;HPQC&lt;/em&gt; is pretty good), so as long as you are prepared to roll up your sleeves and write code, you will be able to make them integrate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T04:35:36.207" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T04:35:36.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7758" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7761" CreationDate="2014-02-10T08:23:48.480" Score="0" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all ,sorry if post in wrong room, i confuse should write question in SQA room or academia room. But actually i think member in SQA have more experience about this, and will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to review a web application called &lt;a href=&quot;https://trello.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Trello&lt;/a&gt; . And should evaluate whether Trello is appropriate with &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_systems_development_method&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DSDM Framework&lt;/a&gt; in Agile software development methods. Previously my lecturer said that the review i have made only like 'how to use trello for team who use DSDM framework'. He said that i have to evaluate or review Trello using a method. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the only thing i know about software testing is blackbox or whitebox testing, and it do by the team who involve the project (please correct me if i'm wrong). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is there any methods for testing software suitability for specific sotfware development method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6948" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T12:49:05.690" Title="Methods for testing existing or commercial software?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7750" CreationDate="2014-02-10T12:37:35.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for TestComplete training, you probably want to look at the SmartBear website (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smartbear.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.smartbear.com&lt;/a&gt;). They have a number of webinars available at any time. There's also more intense training available: &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing-tools/features/training-certification/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing-tools/features/training-certification/&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never done any of the training myself, but I know people who have and they found it very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T12:37:35.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7758" CreationDate="2014-02-10T12:49:05.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you might have got yourself a bit confused here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're not really &lt;em&gt;testing&lt;/em&gt; the software's suitability, you're &lt;em&gt;evaluating&lt;/em&gt; it - that is, you're looking at how well the process and workflow the software imposes meshes with the development framework. It's not so much a pass/fail thing as whether this tool is a good choice with this methodology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that, you want to look at things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;workflow - what's the typical workflow for the methodology? Does that fit with the software workflow without any adjustment, or do you have to go into heavy procedural or programming customization? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;state mapping - do the various states/stages in the software map well to the states/stages in the methodology? Do you need to insert extra steps in the software to map to the methodology, or do you need to skip steps? Is it easy/difficult to adapt to any differences?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;roles - does the software support the roles the methodology requires? How closely and how well? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you're doing here is (approximately) treating your methodology as your specification, and evaluating how much of your &quot;specification&quot; the application can support. If you split the methodology into core and optional aspects, you can give a more effective evaluation (for example, if the application supports all core aspects of the methodology and half the optional aspects it's a better match than something that supports all the optional aspects but not all the core).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-10T12:49:05.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7762" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-10T16:28:21.277" Score="0" ViewCount="734" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using WebDriver and JUnit 4.11.&#xA;I'm attempting to find an alert and assert the body of the alert paragraph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void dNameField(){&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement nameField = chrome.findElementByCssSelector(&quot;input.t-textInput-A[name='name']&quot;);&#xA;    nameField.clear();&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements;&#xA;    elements = chrome.findElements(By.className(&quot;logMessage.error&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; foundAlerts = new HashSet&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;    for(WebElement e : elements){&#xA;        foundAlerts.add(e.getTagName());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(&quot;This should be an error message&quot;, foundAlerts.contains(&quot;An error has occurred : Value must be a Number.&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I receive a &lt;code&gt;java.lang.AssertionError:&lt;/code&gt; in the stacktrace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the DOM before an alert is thrown this is this class which holds all the error logs that are produced in the session. &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;logContainer t-logs-A&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I have managed to simulate an alert by clearing all data from a particular field, the alert is thrown in this class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;logContainer t-logs-A&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;logMessage error&quot; id=&quot;l1392048208775&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;header&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;error!&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;closeBtn&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/header&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;An error has occurred : Value must be a Number.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; is dynamically created so when I attempt to 'copy xpath' I'm supplied with &lt;code&gt;//*[@id=&quot;l1392048208775&quot;]/p&lt;/code&gt; which is no good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The alerts that are thrown all remain in the DOM as I can visibly see them, although they are hidden as they fade out from the UI after a couple of seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions on how to go about this, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T15:15:15.000" Title="Alerts: How to assert a given paragraph" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7724" CreationDate="2014-02-10T18:29:53.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're already using &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; in-house it makes a lot more sense to use the Microsoft toolset for &lt;em&gt;ALM&lt;/em&gt; and issue tracking (although I'd look at upgrading to 2013 - &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; management has been made a lot easier compared to 2010, and builds the testing side into the web interface)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, Microsoft Test Manager is (in my view) more geared to manual testing although it can be used to manage automation. &lt;em&gt;MTM&lt;/em&gt; doesn't run without &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt;, and I can't speak to its ability to manage virtual machines used to run automation because I haven't worked with that side of the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go with &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;MTM&lt;/em&gt;, you'll have the benefit of cross-linking your developer code checkins through to test plans authored in &lt;em&gt;MTM&lt;/em&gt; (which adds a lot of traceability) and developers will be able to link test items to specific code routines that exercise them (which is particularly handy for unit tests). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation, Microsoft's &lt;em&gt;CodedUI&lt;/em&gt; doesn't match the way I prefer to operate all that well, and it does require a decent level of coding knowledge - but it is a powerful tool that is available in Visual Studio Premium and higher licenses (the same license level that includes Microsoft Test Manager). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd have the same or greater learning curve with &lt;em&gt;HP QC/QTP&lt;/em&gt; and as Bruce said likely face issues with your developers not wanting to change from a product they're comfortable with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another benefit of &lt;em&gt;TFS/VS/MTM&lt;/em&gt; that's in the later versions (I'm working with 2012) is that work item management can happen via the &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; web portal, through &lt;em&gt;Visual Studio&lt;/em&gt;, or through &lt;em&gt;MTM&lt;/em&gt;. Each location has its quirks, of course, but I've found I can do most of what I need in all three places - if I'm doing manual tests in &lt;em&gt;MTM&lt;/em&gt; and run into a bug, I create it right there, in &lt;em&gt;MTM&lt;/em&gt;. If I find a bug when I'm working on automation in &lt;em&gt;Visual Studio&lt;/em&gt;, I create the bug from &lt;em&gt;Visual Studio&lt;/em&gt;. Integration is as easy as giving the URL of the &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you'd like some more information about what &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; can do, I'd suggest taking a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://channel9.msdn.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Channel9's recordings&lt;/a&gt; of recent TechEd sessions (fair warning - there's a ton of these, each running about an hour, and you'll probably find a lot of them are useful)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ritual disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;: I do not work for Microsoft. I'm not being paid to blow their horn. I just use their products because that's what the developers use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-03T12:20:08.887" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T12:20:08.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7766" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7794" CreationDate="2014-02-11T06:46:24.267" Score="0" ViewCount="13349" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hello Im using selenium ide, how to select an date from calendar popup through selenium ide,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my calendar popup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V7Q13.png&quot; alt=&quot;Calendar&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T13:45:11.453" Title="How to select a particular date from calendar?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7640" CreationDate="2014-02-11T08:16:05.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the same issue. Currently my workaround is to use AutoIt. Below is the code that select desired certificate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class CertificateDialogHandler&#xA;    {&#xA;            AutoItX3 autoIt = new AutoItX3(); &#xA;&#xA;        public void ChooseCertificate(string CertificateName, string windowTitle)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(2);&#xA;            autoIt.WinWaitActive(windowTitle, &quot;&quot;, 0);&#xA;            string CurrentCertificate = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;            ViewCertificateInfo(windowTitle);&#xA;            CurrentCertificate = GetCertificateIssuedTo();&#xA;&#xA;            while (true)&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (!CurrentCertificate.Equals(CertificateName))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    SelectNextCertificate(windowTitle);&#xA;                    ViewCertificateInfo(windowTitle);&#xA;                    string newCert = GetCertificateIssuedTo();&#xA;                    if (newCert.Equals(CurrentCertificate))&#xA;                        throw new SystemException(&quot;Certificate was not found!&quot;);&#xA;                    else&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        CurrentCertificate = newCert;&#xA;                        continue;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                    PressBtnOK(windowTitle);&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void ConfirmSecurtyException()&#xA;        {&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(2);&#xA;            autoIt.WinWaitActive(&quot;Security Alert&quot;, &quot;&quot;, 0);&#xA;&#xA;            PressBtnYes();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        public void CancelCertificateDialog(string windowTitle)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(2);&#xA;            autoIt.WinWaitActive(windowTitle, &quot;&quot;, 0);&#xA;&#xA;            PressBtnCancel();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        /// Open certificate details window&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;param name=&quot;windowTitle&quot;&amp;gt;Title of certificate dialog&amp;lt;/param&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        private void ViewCertificateInfo(string windowTitle)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (windowTitle.Equals(&quot;Choose a digital certificate&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                autoIt.Send(&quot;{TAB}&quot;, 0);&#xA;                Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{SPACE}&quot;, 0);&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            autoIt.WinWaitActive(&quot;Certificate&quot;, &quot;&quot;, 0);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        /// &#xA;        /// Extract the certificate name from a &quot;Certificate&quot; window text&#xA;        /// &#xA;        /// The certificate name&#xA;        private string GetCertificateIssuedTo()&#xA;        {&#xA;            string CertificateWndText;&#xA;            string sPattern;&#xA;            string[] SplittedCertificateWndText;&#xA;&#xA;            CertificateWndText = autoIt.WinGetText(&quot;Certificate&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;            sPattern = &quot;General\n\n(.+?)\n&quot;;&#xA;            SplittedCertificateWndText = Regex.Split(CertificateWndText, sPattern);&#xA;&#xA;            return SplittedCertificateWndText[1]; ;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        /// &#xA;        /// Determines whether the certificate name is founded &#xA;        /// in the &quot;Certificate&quot; window text&#xA;        /// &#xA;        /// &#xA;        private bool IsFoundedCertificate(string CertificateName)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return GetCertificateIssuedTo() == CertificateName;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        /// &#xA;        /// Return to the &quot;Choose a digital certificate&quot; window&#xA;        /// and press the button &quot;OK&quot; when the certificate is founded&#xA;        private void PressBtnOK(string windowTitle)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (!windowTitle.Equals(&quot;Choose a digital certificate&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                autoIt.WinWaitActive(&quot;Certificate Details&quot;, &quot;&quot;, 0);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{ESC}&quot;, 0);&#xA;&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{TAB}&quot;, 0);&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{ENTER}&quot;, 0);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        private void PressBtnCancel()&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            //AutoIt.Send(&quot;{ESC}&quot;, 0);&#xA;            for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 3; i++)&#xA;            {&#xA;                autoIt.Send(&quot;{TAB}&quot;, 0);&#xA;                Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            }&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{SPACE}&quot;, 0);&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;        }&#xA;        private void PressBtnYes()&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            //AutoIt.Send(&quot;{ESC}&quot;, 0);          &#xA;            for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 2; i++)&#xA;            {&#xA;                autoIt.Send(&quot;{TAB}&quot;, 0);&#xA;                Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            }&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{SPACE}&quot;, 0);&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        /// &#xA;        /// Return to the &quot;Choose a digital certificate&quot; window and &#xA;        /// select next certificate name from the name list&#xA;        /// &#xA;        private void SelectNextCertificate(string windowTitle)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (!windowTitle.Equals(&quot;Choose a digital certificate&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                autoIt.WinWaitActive(&quot;Certificate Details&quot;, &quot;&quot;, 0);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{ESC}&quot;, 0);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{TAB}&quot;, 0);&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;            autoIt.Send(&quot;{DOWN}&quot;, 0);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6958" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-02-11T12:12:48.673" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T12:12:48.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7270" CreationDate="2014-02-11T09:53:15.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;On clicking a link on the active page, a new tab gets opened.Is this the scenario you are looking for. Then, here is your answer. Firefox usually prevents opening new windows. So you should change Firefox settings to open popups. Refer the link &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/pop-blocker-settings-exceptions-troubleshooting#w_pop-up-blocker-settings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/pop-blocker-settings-exceptions-troubleshooting#w_pop-up-blocker-settings&lt;/a&gt;. Then use selectpopup and waitforpopup commands. Do the actions whatever you want on the newly opened tab. Once done, use close command-this will close the new tab. Use Selectwindow command to return back to the original window.&#xA;Sample code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=a.edit-url-link&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForPopUp&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;selectPopUp&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=b&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=b&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[4]/ul/li/div/b&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[4]/ul/li/div/b&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=td.datepickerSelected &amp;amp;gt; a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=td.datepickerSelected &amp;amp;gt; a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[4]/ul/li[2]/a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[4]/ul/li[2]/a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=first_name&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=phone_num&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;325235&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=customer_details&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=span.global_btn2_rt&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;close&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;selectWindow&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;null&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Sign Out See you soon!&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T09:53:15.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7771" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7773" CreationDate="2014-02-11T18:12:10.850" Score="1" ViewCount="1119" Body="&lt;p&gt;What should I do with tests which flap once every 30 runs or so? This behavior is due to some webdriver or browser issue and cannot be fixed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I delete the test; so that it does not continue to raise false alerts. But in this way, i will also lose the protection against regressions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you do?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4731" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T20:13:30.347" Title="What should I do with test flappers which cannot be fixed?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7021" CreationDate="2014-02-11T19:41:46.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, you won't use Eclipse directly for a task like this. If you are writing automated tests using a tool like Appium or Selenium, you will likely want to open the app under test in a mainstream browser such as Chrome or Firefox. Firefox seems to be the more popular choice for development/testing, so I'd recommend that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing a mobile web app, I'd still recommend opening it up in a desktop browser using Firefox since the tools are pretty good already. You can &lt;em&gt;run&lt;/em&gt; tests in whatever environment makes sense, but you should consider &lt;em&gt;developing&lt;/em&gt; tests using a mainstream browser like Firefox or Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To identify elements you would like to locate using xpath queries or otherwise, use the Firebug extension as noted in other answers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T19:41:46.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7771" CreationDate="2014-02-11T20:13:30.347" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume by &quot;flap&quot; you mean the test is failing unreliably. Unreliable tests generate a lot of noise in the system, and are also costly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I look at the value of this test? Is this test really providing me with valued information every time it runs? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other considerations include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there another way to validate the functionality/behavior at a lower level or with mocks?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated tests are generally not that smart. Tests should result in a Pass, a Fail, or an Indeterminate condition. If the machine or system is not in the expected state for the test to run properly (e.g. webdriver or browser issue) then your test should log the 'invalid' state and log an indeterminate or skipped result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-02-11T20:13:30.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7696" CreationDate="2014-02-12T05:04:47.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Rsf. Its better to divide the automated suite in two parts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke or quick test part covers (ie samples) all functionality including  in 12 hours duration. if this test-suite has even single failure, consider it is showstopper. Start next testing with this build only once fix is available and verified in Smoke test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any failure in remaining testing (of 5 days) should be treated as low priority bug and it should be part of planned bug fix in future release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now The question is what should be done  when smoke test is failed and new build is awaited. Should we continue with reaming testing? this is interesting as suppose bug is reported from the subsequent testing&#xA; 1. It is possible that bugs reported from this testing could have same cause due to which smoke test has failed. Effectively wasting testing /analysis/development team effort.&#xA; 2. It is possible that this bug is unrelated to bug reported in smoke. Effectively the idle period is utilized in finding &quot;real&quot; bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The Answer is it Depends.&#xA;It depends on the dynamics.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the testing is automated there is always some overhead of running it. &#xA;So one has to consider  historical build stability, development teams capacity of handling bugs. As well as overheads of running automation suite/gains if same bandwidth can be deployed for some other purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effectively   what to do if smoke test fails depends on situation, and decision may require periodic review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T05:04:47.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7530" CreationDate="2014-02-12T10:52:46.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to ISTQB certification the categorization according severity and priority is defined as follows: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-severity-and-priority-in-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-severity-and-priority-in-software-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Severity (measures the impact of the bug to the software):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Critical&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect that results in the termination of the complete system or one or more component of the system and causes extensive corruption of the data. The failed function is unusable and there is no acceptable alternative method to achieve the required results then the severity will be stated as critical.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Major&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect that results in the termination of the complete system or one or more component of the system and causes extensive corruption of the data. The failed function is unusable but there exists an acceptable alternative method to achieve the required results then the severity will be stated as major.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moderate&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect that does not result in the termination, but causes the system to produce incorrect, incomplete or inconsistent results then the severity will be stated as moderate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minor&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect that does not result in the termination and does not damage the usability of the system and the desired results can be easily obtained by working around the defects then the severity is stated as minor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cosmetic&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect that is related to the enhancement of the system where the changes are related to the look and field of the application then the severity is stated as cosmetic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Priority (defines the desired order of fixing the bugs): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Low&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect is an irritant which should be repaired, but repair can be deferred until after more serious defect have been fixed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Medium&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect should be resolved in the normal course of development activities. It can wait until a new build or version is created.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;High&lt;/strong&gt;: The defect must be resolved as soon as possible because the defect is affecting the application or the product severely. The system cannot be used until the  repair has been done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T12:11:53.843" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T12:11:53.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7420" CreationDate="2014-02-12T11:11:04.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no need to worry about AJAX calls and writing wait methods. Webdriver has capabilities to manage the situation comes along AJAX stuff. The keyword is &lt;strong&gt;implicit wait&lt;/strong&gt;. Please take a look at the articles below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.mozilla.org/webqa/2012/07/12/webdrivers-implicit-wait-and-deleting-elements/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mozilla page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11001030/how-i-can-check-whether-page-is-loaded-completely-or-not-in-web-driver&quot;&gt;Stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6992993/selenium-c-sharp-webdriver-wait-until-element-is-present&quot;&gt;Stackoverflow 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and lot more if you make a search for &quot;webdriver implicit wait ajax&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T11:11:04.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-12T14:44:51.657" Score="0" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an appointment based software, where clients book appointments on a calendar. When you login to the site, calendar will be loaded with a weekly view displaying appointments. For everyday slots will be from 12AM to 11.59 PM. Each hour will be divided into 4 parts. When you click on a slot, popup will open where you need to enter appointment details and save it. This is the overview of the project. What would be the suitable opensource tool for it? &#xA;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T03:09:18.793" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T03:09:57.467" Title="Open source Automation Tools for html based calendar software" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7724" CreationDate="2014-02-12T21:04:46.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have &lt;em&gt;VS/TFS&lt;/em&gt; in house already, use the skills in the teams to help you set it up. Whilst &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt; is completely customisable, it is not real easy to customise the items you want&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My company historically bought &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt; back when there was a central test team across the whole group, and it worked well. Since restructuring the test teams have all kept with &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt;, but the developers in my area all use &lt;em&gt;VS&lt;/em&gt;, and the team use &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; for our backlog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have only used the &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; test bits in preview, but didnt switch due to the test repository we already have for manual testing, and the fact that we dont have to buy anything to stick with &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt;, but there is an option to use the synchroniser plugin for &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt; to keep bugs and requirements across both systems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever you do, make sure you know how you want to structure your tests, and what reporting you need to produce up front as it is really difficult to change QC to get data right unless you configure it properly up front&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation wise, &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt; has an open test architecture which in theory can run any automation with the right API, but I can't for love nor money find the documentation on how to use it yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking at integrating &lt;em&gt;QTP&lt;/em&gt;, if your software is web based, your automation (and &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt; by the way)  will only run on old &lt;em&gt;Internet Explorer&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Firefox&lt;/em&gt; versions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6977" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T04:35:29.717" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T04:35:29.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7781" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-12T21:48:57.800" Score="2" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a program that uses a heuristic approach to sort elements into several buckets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have another program that does the same thing but computes exactly where each element should go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I compare the two results I see that some elements are in the right place and some are not. If I were to estimate the quality of the heuristic approach, how would I do it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I just divide the number of correctly placed elements using the heuristic approach with the total number of elements or is there a better way?? How would you do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6978" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2014-02-13T03:07:41.320" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T15:24:01.727" Title="Assessing the quality of a heuristic sorting system" Tags="&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7782" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-13T00:33:57.600" Score="0" ViewCount="1391" Body="&lt;p&gt;I researched this as much as I could on my own but came to no clear conclusion to my question. I've been teaching myself automation testing via Python + Selenium, I'm as new or n00b as it gets so bare with me. I've come across this line in some of my tutorials:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.assertIn&lt;/code&gt; but more like this, &lt;code&gt;self.assertIn(&quot;Python&quot;, driver.title)&lt;/code&gt; and I've also seen it like this (simple use, not in unittest) &lt;code&gt;assert &quot;Python&quot; in driver.title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... so far I've been able to grasp the tutorials, at least where my progress has taken me but I do not understand the function of this &lt;code&gt;driver.title&lt;/code&gt;. Any help would be much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6980" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:39:05.243" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:39:05.243" Title="Question about 'self.assertIn' &amp; 'driver.title'" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7779" CreationDate="2014-02-13T03:09:57.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look into &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Web driver&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T03:09:57.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7494" CreationDate="2014-02-13T10:15:14.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem is because the Robotium solo could just use the classes, that &lt;strong&gt;you own&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;Maybe &lt;a href=&quot;http://hitherejoe.com/testing-the-android-camera-and-gallery-picker-with-robotium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; solution could help for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6983" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T10:15:14.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="578" CreationDate="2014-02-13T12:25:27.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are short of time, then park it. We do successfully use QC in an agile team, but are limited to manual testing, and whilst the test plan lends itself to be used as a proper repository, setting it up in a way that matches your teams processes takes a really long time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have it as it was bought a long time ago when the company had a central test team working across multiple development teams on a shared system, but now we have split the testing team up and have multiple systems I wouldn't buy it again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently set up a new project, and to get it customised to work in a way that supports our process rather than changes it took me a few weeks solid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6977" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T12:25:27.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6963" CreationDate="2014-02-13T13:31:46.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just used check in command for checking the particular value and uncheck for unchecking the value for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As my code goes below &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;check&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;loggerCheck&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;uncheck&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;loggerCheck&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastEditorUserId="6174" LastEditDate="2014-02-14T04:03:20.803" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T04:03:20.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6963" CreationDate="2014-02-13T16:29:46.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt; instead of Selenium IDE.   If your script was exported as Java, then you just do this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement checkbox = driver.findElement( By,id('the_id' ) );&#xA;if ( checkbox.isSelected() ) {&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Checkbox was already selected: &quot; + checkbox.toString() );&#xA;} else {&#xA;   checkbox.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://djangofan.github.io/maven-selenium-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this project template&lt;/a&gt; to run my Builder scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="22899" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T12:45:38.940" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T12:45:38.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7782" CreationDate="2014-02-13T21:02:53.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is getting the title of the web page and seeing if it has Python in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much HTML do you know? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-02-13T21:02:53.827" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2721" CreationDate="2014-02-14T01:20:50.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't need to download anything below works fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click Test Lab/Test Plan/Wherever you keep your test cases.&#xA;After creating the test set, configure the columns to display in the desired order.&#xA;Right click within the Test Set list and select Export &gt; All.&#xA;Name the Export file and click save.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6989" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T01:20:50.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5720" CreationDate="2014-02-14T12:53:45.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know whether I will be able to give you the answer you are looking for.  But I would share with you my experience with QC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my projects we run scripts from QC and get execution results in QC.  But the automation tool we use is QTP.  To integrate QC and QTP we use QC-QTP addin and execution happens from QTP and the results would be stored against the respective testcase/testscript in QC.  The developed scripts are stored in QC. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating a traceablity matrix, defect management and drawing reports is possible in QC. Thus we can monitor the health of project, the count of defects, the resource utilization etc.  So I think having proper addin will be a solution for your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6981" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T12:53:45.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7766" CreationDate="2014-02-14T13:45:11.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help guys, I just used my date id and selected the value and my date got selected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;command = click&#xA;target = id&#xA;value = 5,March,1989(for each date ,month and year should be seperately used)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(As each date has its own id in it there will be no problem in selecting a date using id and also the same case for month and year)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-02-14T13:45:11.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6940" CreationDate="2014-02-17T09:25:55.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read a Functional requirments provided by client carefully&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Point out the areas which are to be tested and specially risk areas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make test cases for it from low to hogh risk covering all the fucntionalites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute in the ordered manner.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7005" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-02-17T10:49:05.333" LastActivityDate="2014-02-17T10:49:05.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7806" CreationDate="2014-02-18T07:14:58.457" Score="2" ViewCount="3416" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium IDE, As with reference to below image i cant click&#xA;  into rollup icon during and after my recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/h1zgi.png&quot; alt=&quot;selenium ide rollup&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So kindly explain me how to, why and what time we should use rollup in&#xA;  selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T05:41:29.210" Title="How to use rollup command in selenium ide?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7802" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7803" CreationDate="2014-02-18T07:45:47.190" Score="3" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a Computer Science project consisting of a baby alarm (a sender and a receiver) so when the baby is crying or a loud sound is perceived, an alert is sent to the parent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in how someone would test the sender, meaning how would you test the detection of a crying baby/loud sound. We have the algorithm to detect the sounds, but we need some help to know how would we have to think in terms of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what we have thought of for now regarding test scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Different types and lengths of baby cries&#xA;Maximum distance for baby to be in regards to the tool&#xA;Response time&#xA;Temperature range&#xA;Interference with other devices&#xA;Different positions/angles&#xA;False positive rates and false negative rates&#xA;Low battery&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7016" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T09:09:10.880" Title="How to test baby alarm" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7802" CreationDate="2014-02-18T09:03:38.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This kind of depends on what the structure of your project actually is. So far your tests all seem concerned with the operation of the system as a whole, i.e. You appear to be doing only &lt;code&gt;black box&lt;/code&gt; testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test the units independently then you know need to open up the system and look inside it (&lt;code&gt;white box&lt;/code&gt; testing). In this case you have stated that there is a sender and a receiver, but you haven't elaborated on how they communicate. If you wish to test either unit in isolation then you need to replace the other unit with something else. In software testing this is commonly a mock object that responds as the real component unit under a limited set of circumstances(although different mocks can be used in different tests so that we fully test all the functionality). In hardware you might want to use a reference device, one that is known to behave correctly in those circumstances, or you may simply wish to use a test rig which performs a similar role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can further break down your system into its components and test those. So for example, you might want to test how far the unit could be away from the child, so you test the microphone and trigger that detects sound as a unit without the components that send the signal to the receiver. Later you might want to test the range that the two units can be apart, so you could fake inputs from the alarm trigger and simply test the send and receive components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now since this question was asked in SQA, I assume (since this isn't Electrical Engineering) that you are really building a prototype out of two PCs linked over a network, and a lot of the hardware discussion above might not seem relevant. The point is that you want to approach this on multiple levels. Consider the system as a whole, and consider it broken down. Look for points you can separate and test the components that come out of that structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6146" LastEditorUserId="6146" LastEditDate="2014-02-18T09:09:10.880" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T09:09:10.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7804" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-18T09:49:22.833" Score="4" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have been using bdd in our team for over a year now. The jobs that run our tests generate a published report in business language that anyone is available to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We find these very useful inside our team for when tests fail etc. but our business do not seem to find this documentation useful as a communication tool. I'm not sure if it is the GWT language or the format of our report or just a general lack  of interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone is using the same approach have you found that the business find this living documentation useful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so how have you made this possible? Any experience shared would be great thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7019" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:55:02.663" Title="BDD living documentation for Product Owners" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7804" CreationDate="2014-02-18T10:57:41.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be honest this sounds like the very issue that seems to have split the BDD tools. You either have tools that produce specifications during the test runs, ao that you know exactly what your system is capable of doing. Or you have tools that consume specifications so that you know how compliant your application is with the specifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case this means that tooling like mspec is used to translate code into a readable specification which can be presented back to the business so they can verify it. My experience is very much like yours, they aren't interested. It simply is an overhead in the process they can do without.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second case however we catch them at a point where they are much more engaged. They want development to occur so they get a positive benefit, and they are very happy to tell us how they want it. I have found this is the time to use BDD specifications. In fact it has several advantages done this way round.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specification only has to be reviewed once by the business. If they are involved in making the change to the specification then it can be treated as a formal criteria during every testing cycle, if we meet it, we are done, no need to get them to review it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6146" LastActivityDate="2014-02-18T10:57:41.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7801" CreationDate="2014-02-18T12:54:49.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hello guys i have ended up with learning of rollup command by the link i mentioned above as it is used to combine the step we often use to test (so by creating an .js we can insert our commands that are been tested often and regular for every test case). &lt;a href=&quot;http://software-testing-tutorials-automation.blogspot.in/2013/09/how-and-where-to-use-rollup-command-in.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;for reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the below code is what i have done to my .js file and included and it showed me in the selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;rollupAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;logincommands&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;logincommands log in to mail.com &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;preconditions: postconditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;current rollup expands to:&#xA;      open | &lt;a href=&quot;http://gmail.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://gmail.com&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;      sendKeys | userName | xxx&#xA;      sendKeys | password | xxx&#xA;      clickAndWait | css=font:btn.contains(&quot;xxx&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Sgggh.png&quot; alt=&quot;rollup button&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;so for the rollup button, once you save an rollup.js it is enabled for&#xA;  the tests cases i.e you can press this button to include the rollup in&#xA;  that particular test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastEditorUserId="6174" LastEditDate="2014-02-19T05:41:29.210" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T05:41:29.210" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-02-18T12:54:49.840" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3292" CreationDate="2014-02-19T05:02:57.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In selenium IDE there is a command named check and un check so you can use the command for your testing case if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;check&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;loggerCheck&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;uncheck&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;loggerCheck&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T05:02:57.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7812" CreationDate="2014-02-19T05:39:46.093" Score="5" ViewCount="1062" Body="&lt;p&gt;this is a question I faced in an interview:&#xA;A web app is going to go online and the manager want you to find out how many servers the company should purchase. We have one server(used by testers) and some load testing/ performance testing tool. And we assume that xxxx users will visit/use the web app every day. &#xA;So what are the steps to estimate how many servers is required? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think first, need to test how many users could be handled with the given server and than try to estimate how many servers we need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7020" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T12:25:43.343" Title="How to estimate &quot;how many servers our company sould purchase for this web app&quot; with load/performance testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6871" CreationDate="2014-02-19T07:19:14.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found this answer, May be it will help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can enlarge the text in QC for easier viewing by doing this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click with the mouse in the text window you want to enlarge&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click left mouse button and keep it pressed down&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Scroll up with the scroll wheel of the mouse (scroll down to reduce the font size)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Release scroll wheel and left mouse button.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7005" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T07:19:14.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-19T10:21:27.450" Score="0" ViewCount="13632" Body="&lt;p&gt;use this url--&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.indiangiftsportal.com/product_info.php?products_id=kaju-kalash-shivaaz&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.indiangiftsportal.com/product_info.php?products_id=kaju-kalash-shivaaz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; ,then click add To cart , it ll show you one popup window in that am not getting how to click that &quot;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k3D25.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;skip&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; button please help me thank u in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7023" LastActivityDate="2020-08-10T04:11:49.907" Title="How to handle the popup window in selenium webdriver using java?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7809" CreationDate="2014-02-19T12:25:43.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your first step is to host the app on as close to a production environment as possible to eliminate &quot;noise&quot; from your load/performance testing. In the case of a test server, you'd want to keep everything else off it, have any database hosted on a separate system if that's your likely production configuration, and then start exploring the application behavior under load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't actually estimate how many servers you need. What you can do is estimate how many concurrent users and users per hour a given host configuration will be able to handle. If the estimate falls below what you're expecting in traffic, then you'll need to look at load-balanced servers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can test to failure, do it (you may find that other elements of your system make this impossible. I know someone who brought down the company intranet with a load test - but the application he was testing didn't blink).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be aware of any other limitations within the application ecosystem: communications with COM objects are subject to a hard limit in queued requests, for instance, and some kinds of interactions can't be multithreaded (I work with a web application that communicates with a mainframe - the mainframe communications are single thread, first in first out). If you have any of these in your application, make sure you explicitly test their limits since they're a likely candidate for bottlenecks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're working within your company network, schedule the tests for a time when the intranet isn't heavily loaded. You don't want the company network to be your testing bottleneck (Ideally, you should have the server accessible from outside your company network and use a cloud-based load tool to do the testing - this isn't always possible)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you cover concurrent users (everyone hitting the same thing at the same time) and a user access profile that seems likely for your app. I don't recall the scaling rule of thumb for concurrent users (it's something like 10 concurrent in a 10 minute test = 100 per 10 minutes) but you can probably expect that there will be special events that get you a swarm of concurrent or near-concurrent users. You want to know how well your app handles the different scenarios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key thing to remember here (and as an interview question) is that the purpose of load and performance testing isn't to determine what kind of equipment the application needs. It's to locate and eliminate as many bottlenecks as possible. You should never be afraid to tell an interviewer this: if an organization uses load and performance tests for this purpose they run a high risk of over or under-committing resources. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T12:25:43.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7813" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7817" CreationDate="2014-02-19T14:32:39.843" Score="3" ViewCount="2061" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of new developers and testers in our team. When the testers are testing the new features the developers built, they are finding a number of issues, which is not strictly in the scope of the feature. As a result the developers tend to deny responsibility and the bugs are going to the production bug tracking system. These bugs are worked by another set of developers and the fix rate is very slow. As a result, we are not really improving quality sprint by sprint, but just accumulating technical debt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is this situation normally tackled? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;My question is not really how a tester will handle the situation so that it wont affect him/her. The question is more like how can we tackle the situation at the process level so that the quality of the software can be improved sprint by sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7025" LastEditorUserId="7025" LastEditDate="2014-02-19T18:51:47.860" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T11:23:56.257" Title="Strategy to handle legacy bugs" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7814" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-19T14:57:29.277" Score="5" ViewCount="5363" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently my team is writing some Selenium-based web tests using Java for our application. One major stumbling block has been centred around testing dates. To me, it seems too awkward to test dates in the UI using Selenium. Formatting, setting and reading dates is difficult with an automated tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, some fields have a From Date and To Date that are set by using a calendar interface where the user selects the day month and year. Text is read-only, so can't be set directly. Automating such actions is not easy using Selenium (or most UI automation tools, I'd guess). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently, it's also a lot of work for manual testers to execute the same tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering if dates are better tested at the unit level, by developers using unit or integration tests. What are some good strategies? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastEditorUserId="6174" LastEditDate="2014-02-20T12:11:54.700" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T04:25:18.093" Title="What are good approaches to test dates?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7813" CreationDate="2014-02-19T15:57:59.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, it us a tester's job to report any defect and enhancement that is believed to improve customer's aim with the product. Sometimes, the tester finds missing links in the analysis of the requirement ir proposes to enhance a feature. In this case, I think that the development team should not take these issues before gettibg approval from the project manager, who is the one that will decide if the issues should be considered at this stage or pushed for later. Thus, the best way is to work only on approvals &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T15:57:59.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7813" CreationDate="2014-02-19T18:40:57.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Expected result stating the business reason of the change or enhancement. In my perspective, it all depends on the release state of the project, the severity of the issue versus the impact it would have on the current project. Issues with high impact and high severity must be closely addressed at a release deadline. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T18:40:57.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7813" CreationDate="2014-02-19T18:56:50.643" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing you want to do here is perform some bug triage. Problems your team finds during feature testing will be one of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;something introduced by the changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;something that was there before and doesn't have much if any impact on the changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;something that was there before and has a major negative impact on the changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers in the team need to fix the items that were there beforehand and negatively impact their work, as well as the problems they accidentally introduce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the easy part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for the more difficult side - realistically, most of the pre-existing bugs your test team finds won't have a major impact on the feature, and it really isn't the feature developers' role to fix them. In this case, they absolutely need to go into the main issue tracking system with whatever bug advocacy you're able to provide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some strategies you might try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note any major customers who could be impacted&lt;/strong&gt;. In my experience, existing bugs surfaced by new development are usually the kind of thing that isn't terribly severe - but if something that had little or no impact before the feature is likely to upset your biggest customer and you know that customer is planning to use the new feature, you can legitimately increase the priority of the issue - just make sure to note that this customer will be affected. Even if the issue is not fixed, the fact that it's in the issue tracking system will boost your team's credibility when the customer demands to know why this wasn't found in testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Evaluate priority and severity fairly&lt;/strong&gt;. By this I mean don't just rank it highly because your team wants it fixed. This will harm your team's credibility.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Look for possible reasons why the issue hasn't been caught until now&lt;/strong&gt;. If it has a workaround, there's a strong possibility your customers know about it and just haven't said anything. In my experience you might get 1 in 10 customers complaining about a problem (if you're lucky - it's more like 1 in 100 or more for a lot of places). Unhappy customers often don't say anything, they just look elsewhere.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goal is to give the team that prioritizes bug fixes reasons to fix &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; bugs (and if everyone is doing this, all the bugs will have sound reasons for why they should  be fixed and the priority level they have).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, you're not actually increasing technical debt, you're &lt;em&gt;exposing&lt;/em&gt; it. This is better than not exposing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-19T18:56:50.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7814" CreationDate="2014-02-20T04:53:39.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.When you have from date and to date, you can check alerts as &lt;strong&gt;'from date is lesser than to date'&lt;/strong&gt;. Here the user is not allowed to enter&#xA;  the end date which is lesser than from date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.date format can be tested as &lt;strong&gt;'01-JAN-2014'&lt;/strong&gt; as some might give unformatted date into the field as &lt;strong&gt;01-01-2014 or01.01.2014&lt;/strong&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this might help you a little.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-02-20T04:53:39.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7814" CreationDate="2014-02-20T08:06:55.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found value from testing date time issues at all layers of an application.  Which layer is determined by what I am trying to test.  For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing Functional Logic:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming for a second that you don't have core logic built into your UI code (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.usfca.edu/~parrt/papers/mvc.templates.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Model View Separation&lt;/a&gt; or something similar).  It is often easier to test the core logic layer by mocking up the UI and dealing with core logic date testing as strict API functional testing.  How much testing you do is basically limited by time and resources to automate then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this methodology you can select a test set based on (some examples):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Brute Force:&lt;/strong&gt;  Test all valid date range inputs.  This is feasible when your date handling logic is fast, or the valid list of date is small (like years as input, excluding months and days).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;80% User Scenario:&lt;/strong&gt;  Use data analysis of usage patterns to determine a subset of tests that will keep 80% of your user base happy.  This is useful if you are selecting something similar to birthday entry, when your target demographic is tweens.  Yes some octogenarians may use the site but your core audience is kept happy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edge Cases:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://kalender-365.de/leap-years.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Leap years&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://msmvps.com/blogs/jon_skeet/archive/2010/12/01/the-joys-of-date-time-arithmetic.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Date Addition&lt;/a&gt; (does Jan 30+1 month == Feb 28)?, Time Zone? &#xA;ect ect ect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because this list is long and you get better coverage the more per formant the code is, it gets very hard to automate this Functional Logic testing through a UI automation framework.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing UI Functionaliy:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe in using a UI framework to test basic functionality of the UI (does the UI give information to the backend correctly).  These slower, possibly more error prone (sometimes complicated tests) to a minimum also increases your test maintainability (since frequent UI changes don't break you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing UI Date Time Usability&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is something I have never fully been able to automate. This is basically the realm of the manual tester, large beta groups, user research studies, or common sense.  Does the date picker make you scroll through every year starting at 1900?  That wont get caught until somebody actually has to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7031" LastActivityDate="2014-02-20T08:06:55.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7814" CreationDate="2014-02-20T14:07:36.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I runned in similar problem last year and decided to automate the date picker component and created a class to use it when I need it. And the time spend in this work is paid always I run the automated tests.&#xA;I guess you should automatize the actions and componentize them for reuse. And if you using java you may use Joda Time (&lt;a href=&quot;http://joda-time.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://joda-time.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;), this library has some good methods like 'new DateTime().plusDays(2) '.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7035" LastActivityDate="2014-02-20T14:07:36.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6846" CreationDate="2014-02-20T19:20:30.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Visual Studio, the pricing is radically different so the two are not comparable.   You need to have Visual Studio Ultimate, which is an enterprise decision, vs LoadRunner which is tied to a single controller instance.   Depending upon your enterprise you could wind up more expensive under Visual Studio vs LoadRunner, particularly with the change in pricing which is effective as of December 2013.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two tools are very different philosophically as well.   Visual Studio is aligned with Microsoft's overall philosophy on testers:  There are no performance testers, but there are developers who performance test.   It is tightly bound with Microsoft's overall platform and systems philosophy, so if you wind up testing a lot of Java infrastructure items using CORBA/RMI/ORACLE, essentially anything not produced or endorsed by Microsoft then you are going to run into structural challenges on monitoring , diagnostics, production of a specific interface type which is &quot;non Microsoft&quot; in nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP's tools (as well as Borland) are very platform agnostics and interface agnostic.   You need to test SAP?  Fine  Corba?  Fine.  .Net?  Fine.   Web?  Fine....   And these are geared towards professional systems engineers and performance testers who happen to have foundation skills in platforms, systems analysis, test and development, a superset of the skills imposed on developer focused tools like JMETER and Visual Studio.   Analysis and monitoring come into play as well here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are just looking to dabble, pick up a free tool.   If you are evaluating a tool for enterprise use, leave cost as the last issue.   Look at the capability of the tool for the production of load, the monitoring of your infrastructure, the ability to report against your requirements and how it provides access to information for diagnostic purposes.   Take a hard objective look at the skills of your team and how this matches to the tools under evaluation.   if you pick wrong and the tool is not effective at it's job or the users don't have the skills to be effective with the tool then you have virtually asked your team to assemble and entire house using only a jewelers screwdriver set:  In short, you have guaranteed a negative ROI no matter how much the tool costs.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This mismatch of skills to an effective tool is the number 1 reason for failure of performance testing practices across all tools in the marketplace today.  Open Source and commercial.   Get the match right and you are virtually guaranteed a positive ROI on even the most expensive tools because the cost of the performance testing effort plus the tool will never exceed the cost of failure in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2014-02-20T19:20:30.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7825" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7843" CreationDate="2014-02-20T22:22:47.613" Score="1" ViewCount="620" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for an automated way to test an API to ensure incoming data is stored correctly in a MySQL db.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting with an empty db I send large amounts of XML to the API which populates the db.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need a way to compare to data in the database to my source data. There is far too much data to verify manually so I need to do it programmatically. The source data can be XML or CSV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could write a program to compare get a CSV of the db and do a diff of the origin CSV but that would be slow and error prone.  I'm inclined to believe that a tool (preferably open source) already exists for this sort of thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastEditorUserId="7042" LastEditDate="2014-02-21T19:34:44.937" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T03:22:07.063" Title="Tool for verifying MySQL data matches source file" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7833" CreationDate="2014-02-20T23:03:34.773" Score="2" ViewCount="448" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to put the question at top:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can I 'break' into the Software Test Lead or Software Test&#xA;  Automation world from being a tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any suggestions for what to study to advance within the Software Test world?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a position in Northwest Florida (Essentially, an IT void). I am currently in QA but I need to move. I am looking for a position there and having very little luck. I was curious as to what others have had luck with and what would make me stand out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My background in the field is limited but I have done amazing work at my company. My skill set is closer to a developer but I have a strong passion for testing. I have developed several testing applications for my current company. I am finding jobs for &lt;code&gt;Software Test Lead&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Software Automation&lt;/code&gt; but, while I feel I am qualified, my resume isn't up to par and I know very little for these positions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;So, what can I learn, where can I study and what should I know when applying for a test lead or test automation position?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Is there any certifications or communities that could be of assistance with developing and furthering my career and skill set?&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T12:28:54.030" Title="Software Testing and Quality Assurance job search advice" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7826" CreationDate="2014-02-20T23:17:52.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be promoted to team lead at a current position you there first needs to be a vacancy.  Obviously you can't get the job if they have someone they are happy with.  If there is not currently a lead you need to demonstrate your leadership by being the decision maker on the team and guiding the other testers.  You also need to make your employer aware that you are the one making test plans, strategy decisions and guiding other testers.  Find ways to improve the teams productivity and implement them, then make your employers aware of what you did and how it benefited them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're applying for lead positions externally you just need to sell yourself in the interview.  Have specific examples of process you improved at your current job.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest ways to get into automation is just to implement some form of automated testing at your current job. Find a specific area of your testing that would benefit from it and convince your employer that it will improve the quality of the product.  Start with a small proposal that won't require significant resources (maybe just a proof of concept) anything to get the ball rolling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation you will want to learn Ruby, Python and/or Java and automation tools/frameworks.  Selenium is probably the most common.  If you can't learn these things at work do it in your spare time, get the source of an open source project and implement an automated test suit for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastActivityDate="2014-02-20T23:17:52.280" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7826" CreationDate="2014-02-21T09:45:42.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been searching for a job in test automation too and from what you wrote I think it matches a lot of offers I've seen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having background in development and having built testing applications is a must if you want to succeed in that area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of offers I've seen go like this (including one from microsoft in ireland and red gate in london):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Experience developing applications in C#/Java/ruby&quot;&#xA;&quot;Experience working with open source automation tools like selenium or cucumber&quot; (you have to work on this one if you don't have it)&#xA;&quot;Experience working in an agile environment&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems like a fit....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T09:45:42.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7829" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7831" CreationDate="2014-02-21T10:41:16.293" Score="1" ViewCount="3515" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked in an interview whether Selenium Webdriver supported parameterized constructors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public   class Cons {&#xA;        public  String username=&quot;u&quot;;&#xA;        public  String pswd=&quot;p&quot;;&#xA;        public  String baseurl=&quot;url&quot;;&#xA;        public  WebDriver d;&#xA;&#xA;public  Cons(String username, String pswd){&#xA;            d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            d.get(baseurl);&#xA;                d.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(this.username);&#xA;                d.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;)).sendKeys(this.pswd);&#xA;              }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="8159" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T06:36:19.647" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T06:36:19.647" Title="Is parameterized constructor (Java) supported in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5310" CreationDate="2014-02-21T11:04:54.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To close popup- first you need to check which one is the active window in your application (Popup or main window).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If popup is active then you can use &lt;code&gt;driver.close();&lt;/code&gt; OR &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the main window is active (Focused), then you need to use window&#xA;handler to close this popup.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T07:23:03.350" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T07:23:03.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7829" CreationDate="2014-02-21T11:44:36.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, We can write webdriver code in constructor as well. I tried to create an example with your given code. Hope this helps !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; &#xA;import   org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test { &#xA;&#xA;public String baseurl=&quot;http://aavtrain.com/&quot;;&#xA;public WebDriver d;&#xA;&#xA;public Test(String username, String pswd)&#xA;{ &#xA;d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;d.get(baseurl); &#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;user_name&quot;)).sendKeys(username);&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(pswd);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;  public static void main(String aregs[])&#xA;  {&#xA;    Test t=new Test(&quot;abc&quot;,&quot;cde&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6247" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T11:44:36.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7811" CreationDate="2014-02-21T12:03:18.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check this solution-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.indiangiftsportal.com/product_info.php?products_id=kaju-kalash-shivaaz&quot;); &#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div#clickme input&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;a.close&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6247" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T12:03:18.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7826" CreationDate="2014-02-21T12:28:54.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what the other responses have said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a lot easier to get a position in automation or as a lead if you're already doing the work of one whether you have that position formally or not. It looks from what you've said that you have the experience to claim this in terms of what you've done if not in terms of &quot;number of years experience&quot; (my first year in testing I wound up managing a remote team of testers as well as doing projects from inception through deployment - that year was like five years somewhere with a more sane pace). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things you can do to make your ability to do the job stand out (I'm presuming here that you're applying externally, although this can also apply to internal promotions depending on the way your company works):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Customize your resume&lt;/strong&gt; for each position you apply to. If you start with a base document that lists everything and don't worry about how big it is, you can do this relatively easily. Make sure you save the customized version so you have a record of what you said in which application - if you're actively job hunting you can easily lose track of what you highlighted for which job application (been there, done that...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Go through the position description or job ad carefully&lt;/strong&gt;, looking for the things that they really want. For each of those, you want to give a short description of something  you've done that demonstrates that you can do what they want. As an example, say an ad is for a software developer in test and includes high in the list of responsibilities &quot;develop tools for the team to use&quot;. You'd include in your resume that as part of position X you built a tool to collate automated test results and post them to the company project management system. Or a tool to automatically collate manual test results and post them to the company project management system. Or... you get the idea. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you &lt;strong&gt;start with the things you've done that match the position's needs best&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Put the keywords in&lt;/strong&gt;. You'll need to do this to get past the HR filter (if there is one). In a lot of places, the HR people have no idea what the position actually requires and will simply make sure the resume has all the right keywords before they pass it on (this isn't their fault and I'm not criticizing them. They're doing the best they can in a difficult position, as a rule. Let's face it, software geek, whether programmer or tester flavor, is its own language a lot of the time). If you've built automation against .NET applications, list .NET as one of your skills. You don't have to say how many years experience you have in that skill, but do make sure to include something in the list of things you did at your previous and current positions that covers that skill.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be prepared to elaborate&lt;/strong&gt; on anything in your resume at any interviews. And I do mean &lt;em&gt;anything&lt;/em&gt;. I've had questions about my long-past experience as a &lt;em&gt;field geologist&lt;/em&gt; at interviews for software testing positions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you have gaps in your resume, make sure you can explain them&lt;/strong&gt; and explain them well - but don't be tempted to lie. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you've got a lot of jobs in a short time-frame&lt;/strong&gt; (I've found that anything less than 2 years with a job will raise questions) &lt;strong&gt;be prepared to explain that&lt;/strong&gt;. &quot;The company went into bankruptcy&quot; is a good explanation. So is &quot;The company was having financial difficulties and laid off a number of its higher paid employees including me and my manager.&quot; (that one happened to me).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wherever possible, &lt;strong&gt;try to send resumes to the IT managers&lt;/strong&gt;, particularly if you're cold-sending (not applying to a particular job).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do cold-send your resume&lt;/strong&gt;. By the time a position is advertised, the company has usually tried to fill it internally and gone through any resumes they have on file for likely candidates. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your current employer is amenable, you can &lt;strong&gt;consider having a position defined around what you're actually doing&lt;/strong&gt;. Some places will do this, others won't.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T12:28:54.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7811" CreationDate="2014-02-21T12:42:19.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the problem is not being able to click on the element because it's not visible you can use this method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public static void scrollToElement(WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;    jse.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.close&quot;));&#xA;this.scrollToElement(el,driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6921" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T12:42:19.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7825" CreationDate="2014-02-21T12:59:33.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, something like a csv compare can be done programmatically without too much of a speed hit - so long as there aren't many errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way I'd handle it is to have your baseline CSV files being the data you expect each table to contain, one for each table (excluding any timestamps or other time-sensitive data - you'd need to check that separately).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then a simple routine to export the contents of each target table to CSV after you've run your data through the API will give you your CSV comparison files. I strongly recommend using a query that retrieves specific fields for this since &quot;SELECT * FROM tablename&quot; will throw comparison errors any time the schema changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, do a file-level diff. At this level, all you're doing is checking whether or not the files are identical. If they are, you don't need to go any further. If they're not, add the table name to an in-memory list of which tables need to have a more detailed diff run against them (it helps if your files are named for the table you're comparing - so you might have \baseline\customers.csv and \results\customers.csv).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fun part starts at this point - and this is the part that's... not so much error-prone as painstaking and can cause more than a little angst. I've written my share of these, so I know the &quot;joy&quot; involved. The biggest problem when you have differences in table data is that it's very easy for humans to recognize a missed row, but rather more complicated for software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also time consuming, particularly with a lot of data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I'll open both files for reading. For smaller files, it's probably easier to read the whole thing into memory rather than stream it, but for larger ones, reading line by line is probably better (less in-memory data - which matters when you have a CSV comparison of files with multiple thousands of lines). Reading the file as a record set is better still, despite the large memory overhead for large files (and can save  you the need to export your data to CSV files - although I prefer to do the export anyway because I can use the exported CSV files as references and quickly update baseline CSVs when I need to). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I'll go through them, line by line. If the lines are identical, I move to the next line. If they aren't, I start a field-by-field comparison. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, you've got a number of options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can look for another line in the baseline that matches the one you've got in the results (this is useful if every field differs from the expected value - chances are something got missed and you've got an off-by-x error). To be able to do this, you have to make sure to read the file with the ability to move forward and backwards through the rows. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can list the differences between the fields (you probably should do that anyway - it makes tracking down any differences a little easier)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can set a level at which you're not going to check for more differences (again, useful when you have an off-by-x error because once you hit the missing row you're not going to match anything unless you can build a good algorithm to find the match and go forward from there)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can report each row with differences as a single difference, or each table with differences as a single difference. I don't recommend reporting at the cell level because of the off-by-X issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, you use the same routine to do all the comparisons - give it the files to compare and call it from your master routine. That way you can easily add new  tables to the routine and you only have to build the logic once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your biggest issue is going to be that if there are differences, it will be slower. How much slower will depend on how much data you're comparing. I've seen this take an 8 hour run (which included a lot of functional tests - the database comparison generally needed a few minutes because of the by then immense memory load (not helped by the tool retaining its log in memory rather than writing to the hard drive and flushing the information)) to over 24 hours. Yes, I split that particular script into multiple smaller runs and re-baselined. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T12:59:33.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5310" CreationDate="2014-02-21T16:18:46.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=&quot;popsubform&quot;]/a/img&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should look for the &quot;X&quot; on the pop up and close it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T07:22:00.510" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T07:22:00.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5720" CreationDate="2014-02-21T16:25:30.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to checkout &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/test-management/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SmartBear Products&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;like ALM and QA Complete . PS: I don't work for smart bear but was successful in implementing this kind of reporting from my Java/Selenium Automation Framework. They have an API that your framework may use and report. I think it is a lot cheaper than QC too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T16:25:30.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7840" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-21T20:06:18.763" Score="5" ViewCount="3249" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've managed tests for a project that I was with since its infancy. I used Microsoft Test Manager to tie tests to requirements and organize them in folders. It went well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, now I'm being tasked with organizing tests for a program that has been in production for a decade and is much more complex. The regression test we have is just a list of almost 7,000 steps in an Excel sheet, not even broken into tests. I'm looking for any advice on how to manage this project. I want to organize test cases without wasting a lot of time. Thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something else to consider is that I've also been tasked with automating the majority of these tests (using TestComplete). While organizing the existing regression tests will be faster than automating them, I'm considering that automation will naturally result in organization. So should I propose to focus on well-documented automation and not have many manual regression tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7050" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T13:52:12.600" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T13:52:12.600" Title="How to Organize Tests for Software That's Already Developed?" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7840" CreationDate="2014-02-21T22:06:58.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the tests are all in one big Excel file importing them into a tool is going to be basically impossible so you should expect to to it manually (copy/paste).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most test case management tools have a hierarchy setup of some sort that will allow you to organize a huge number of tests in a way that makes them manageable.  You will just need to determine what sort of structure you want. This is typically done by splitting them into test suites based on high level features.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testlink is a popular open source test case management tool that is easy to use and allows nesting of test suites inside one another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of whether automation happens or not I'd organize the test cases first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastActivityDate="2014-02-21T22:06:58.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7825" CreationDate="2014-02-22T00:50:45.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found an open source command line tool that can compare databases, csv, xml etc.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diffkit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.diffkit.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T00:50:45.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7840" CreationDate="2014-02-22T12:49:43.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;7000 steps in single excel sheet without any hierarchy, itself pretty difficult to maintain . I don’t intend to comment on competency of team which developed it, but practically it is difficult to keep it updated, and validated. So you need to propose organization to put additional investment. Basically unorganized test cases is one kind of technical debt and it needs to be paid of before it gets converted into land mine for you some time in future. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If project has enough life to justify additional investment, you should put additional team for separating out steps to cases and cases to folder structure. The folder structure can be of your choice of division say for example feature wise or functionality wise .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can identify some repetitive pattern in steps, think of writing a script to separate test steps into test cases.  Once testcases are ready, quite some effort aka expert members bandwidth needs to be budgeted for review. You can choose excel, xml or for that matter word also to complete this exercise.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once testcases are ready , it should be pretty easy to import them in test management tool of your choice. Safe approach is to use management tool which is already in use within organization, unless it is known that it is not scalable enough to handle these testcases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding Automation, Although test can not ever be non-sapient, you need to consider and evaluate return on investment see what all parts can be automated. Remember maintaining automation itself can be costly if team is not competent enough in automating.   If ROI is justified, go ahead  propose  automation for the portions which are  feasible to automate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-02-22T12:49:43.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7762" CreationDate="2014-02-23T19:52:45.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not use the selenium Alert switchto method and gettext? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); &#xA;String text = alert.getText(); &#xA;alert.dimiss(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6066" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2014-03-19T15:15:15.000" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T15:15:15.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7851" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-24T07:23:25.177" Score="2" ViewCount="223" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some experience with JMeter for performance and scale, but I'm very new to Selenium for browser based testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At present I have some simple Selenium scripts recorded for Firefox. These are essentially multiple clients acting alone with no way to coordinate actions between clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a way to coordinate actions between clients like client1 does x so client2 does y etc. I can easily put logic in each client, but what I'm looking for is a way to control each client and having each client perform different actions depending on some ytbd master logic to rule them all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that Selenium Grid will drive multiple clients. Can it or some other Selenium module better for the purpose also contain conditional logic to do different things with different clients, and if possible depending on results from those clients? Any brief hints on that or links to useful resources welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really am very new to the Selenium architecture as you can easily tell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7064" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T12:48:22.703" Title="Driving client interaction tests with Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7853" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7861" CreationDate="2014-02-24T09:52:17.303" Score="2" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an example - a new project is going to be started. The team is almost ready.&#xA;There is also a requirement regarding software testing - is to automate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to estimate how is good future application to automate it  (as there is no application yet) ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generally - when exactly to start automated testing - exact software life cycle point?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6568" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2018-12-13T01:58:21.567" LastActivityDate="2018-12-13T01:58:21.567" Title="What exact software life cycle point is a point to start automated testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7813" CreationDate="2014-02-24T11:23:56.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the test team is finding &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; many then it is possible their focus is not entirely on the new functionality. A common strategy is to focus the test team on the new functionality and look at reporting only issues which arise from interactions between old functionality and new functionality, or issues which will impact the new functionality you are delivering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are unwilling to take that responsibility yourself then negotiate it with the next level of management. With something like ie; &quot;The testers are finding a lot of medium level issues which have nothing to do with our current delivery schedule. To meet the schedule I plan to focus our testers on our current priorities and in the short term this may mean some lower priority issues related to [legacy] will go unreported.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact is that logging and reporting low and medium priority issues accurately and then assessing them has a cost. Since you cannot (in many senses) charge that cost to another project you really have to focus in on what is important to your delivery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find the next level is unwilling to commit to any decision or accept any responsibility or has a very limited understanding of the reality of the situation. If that is the case you will have to make the call independently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7064" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T11:23:56.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7853" CreationDate="2014-02-24T11:29:41.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need some kind of stability otherwise you spend too much time refactoring tests. It depends what the end goal is and how you are contributing to meet that. If you can test an API or commandline before a UI arrives then you may be able to complete a lot of functional testing and have performance tests standing ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7064" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T11:29:41.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7840" CreationDate="2014-02-24T13:00:16.240" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the other answers have said, your first task is to organize the list. There are a number of reasons you want to do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The items may not be accurate&lt;/strong&gt; - This is ridiculously common. What tends to happen is that the people who execute the test steps know enough about the system to adjust for flaws in the list and act accordingly. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The items may not be relevant&lt;/strong&gt; - This is another common problem with long manual regression tests. They tend not to be updated, so they'll specify actions or features that the application no longer supports.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There's a lot of repetition&lt;/strong&gt; - Chances are a document like your 7k item spreadsheet grew organically, and the lack of organization in it means it's a serious pain to try to find out if it already has a test for some condition that's needed: so the test gets added. It's also probably never been reorganized, so there's going to be a whole lot of similar actions in there that could be handled more effectively as a grouping. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's the easiest way to figure out what's in it&lt;/strong&gt; - I'm speaking from experience here: with something like this, the easiest way to work out what's there is to go through it and organize and group it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The tests may not be suited for automation&lt;/strong&gt; - Good candidates for automation and existing manual regression test cases are not the same. There may be very little overlap (and that's a separate problem).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's going to be a major time-sink no matter what you do, but organizing the list of test cases will give you a feel for the problem areas of the application (because I guarantee you your spreadsheet will have grown by adding reported bugs to the list) and the areas where automated regression should be best targeted. It will also allow you to identify redundancies and tests that are no longer relevant or valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The structure you use to organize the tests can then be echoed in your automation, but you'll start that project with a much clearer idea of what's needed - which will allow you to target your automation projects much more cleanly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete does support manual test suites if you wish to use that. If the project team has a life cycle management tool in place, I'd use that (whether it be Team Foundation Server with Microsoft Test Manager, QAComplete with Test Complete, HP ALM or a home-grown setup) unless they use spreadsheets... If they don't have one in place, you might want to consider something like TestLink as your organizing tool (to be honest, even a set of smaller spreadsheets on network shares would be better than what you have right now). Regardless of the tool you choose, you're still going to want to get that list tamed before you start automating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T13:00:16.240" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7853" CreationDate="2014-02-24T13:08:21.353" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're automating against an API, you can start as soon as the API calls are stable (the call names and required fields are decided). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're required to do GUI automation, there's generally no point starting until the GUI is stable - for agile projects that usually means that GUI automation will run a sprint behind application development, and in waterfall projects GUI automation often starts during the test phase (and may be handled as a separate project).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automator's role early in the project should be to work with developers to a) help them design good quality unit tests, and b) ensure that as the application is built it's designed with automation and testability in mind (things like making sure there are hooks for GUI automation to access custom components, building in APIs to minimize the need for GUI automation, and so forth).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T13:08:21.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7853" CreationDate="2014-02-24T13:34:51.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, by start of automation I am presuming you mean actually running the tests. A good time for this is when the environment is stable and the tests have been written. However, your already doing a lot right by planning (or attempting to plan) your automation process with the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for what point in the cycle, it will typically be toward the middle of the testing cycle. But that really depends on the type of development cycle, how closely your automation team works with your development team and how well your test cases and utilities have been developed to work with the system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion, instead of trying to quickly launch automation into the first and second sprint/release/whatever, try and make sure that you make quality, long term scripts that are easily adjustable and even easier to update. You will be a hero and it will make your job a lot easier long term. This will be the best scenario possible for your team as it will allow them more time to write new scripts instead of maintaining code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the requirements to automate it, I hate to be the bearer of bad news but it looks like the business is dooming you to failure and likely has unrealistic goals for what automation can do and what it is for. Automation, in my opinion, should be the step where the company says 'everything that worked before this code still works'. I would suggest you talk to the company, if possible, regarding having some manual testing, especially in the early phases. It will drastically improve the quality of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T13:34:51.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7853" CreationDate="2014-02-24T13:44:37.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;How to estimate how is good future application to automate it (as there is no application yet)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its not about estimation but selection of tool.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically if team knows what to test, it has some ideas about what should be expected out to automation tool.  Personally I would like to list all parameters and criteria which I would like to see in tool and assign weights to it. E.g. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How easy to add new case &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How easy to modify the tool or extend the tool &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How costly the tool is  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much  effort will require in maintaining or am I better of developing in house tool.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is team familiar/comfortable with tool, its reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How good  debugging support tool has.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have relevant parameters list is ready, go ahead evaluate all possible tools which you get by doing google, talking with peers, by asking team-members who earlier had worked with some automation tools, if possible get the demos and try to see if it is useful&#xA;This exercise will help in getting management buy in as well it will help you in identifying what is possible to automation and what you would like to do manual way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;. Generally - when exactly to start automated testing - exact software life cycle point ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are following Agile or continue integration software methodology, better start planning automation when you start planning for testing. Try to implement automation as soon as you have some steady results are available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T13:44:37.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7853" CreationDate="2014-02-24T15:39:23.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have good experience starting automation with &lt;strong&gt;unstable or non-existent&lt;/strong&gt; API, sometimes using mocked API- calls returning pre defined values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting automating tests only when the API is stable means you'll have a big gap with no automatic tests at all, whereas if you start early you'll probably need to do some refactoring but your automation will be in a working state much faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also works well in Agile (or Agile like) projects, or even with longer-cycle projects where you get pre releases or partially working releases. You can test both your code and the project itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-02-24T15:39:23.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7867" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-24T16:55:25.600" Score="0" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to test content of the sms. The content would be in different languages like dutch, german, latin. Any suggestions would be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T12:17:59.080" Title="How to test sms containing different language words" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7869" CreationDate="2014-02-25T13:39:15.527" Score="6" ViewCount="72627" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is my code and html code, please let me know how to compare values. When i executed i am getting same result (Mateched) for multiple times. But i want to compare and display result as &quot;Matched&quot; (Only for one time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Ex1 {&#xA;private WebDriver d;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testUntitled() throws Exception {&#xA;d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;d.get(&quot;http://register.rediff.com/commonreg/index.php?redr=http://portfolio.rediff.com/money/jsp/loginnew.jsp?redr=home&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;String[] exp = {&quot;Month&quot;, &quot;JAN&quot;, &quot;FEB&quot;, &quot;MAR&quot;, &quot;APR&quot;, &quot;MAY&quot;, &quot;JUN&quot;, &quot;JUL&quot;, &quot;AUG&quot;, &quot;SEP&quot;, &quot;OCT&quot;, &quot;NOV&quot;, &quot;DEC&quot;}; &#xA;WebElement dropdown = d.findElement(By.id(&quot;date_mon&quot;));  &#xA;        Select select = new Select(dropdown);  &#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = select.getOptions();  &#xA;        for(WebElement we:options)  &#xA;        {  &#xA;         for (int i=0; i&amp;lt;exp.length; i++){&#xA;             if (we.getText().equals(exp[i])){&#xA;             System.out.println(&quot;Matched&quot;);&#xA;             } &#xA;           }&#xA;         }  }}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched&#xA;Mateched &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Html:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select id=&quot;date_mon&quot; onfocus=&quot;validateSignupForm(3)&quot; name=&quot;date_mon&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Month&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;01&quot;&amp;gt;JAN&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;02&quot;&amp;gt;FEB&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;03&quot;&amp;gt;MAR&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;04&quot;&amp;gt;APR&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;05&quot;&amp;gt;MAY&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;06&quot;&amp;gt;JUN&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;07&quot;&amp;gt;JUL&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;08&quot;&amp;gt;AUG&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;09&quot;&amp;gt;SEP&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;10&quot;&amp;gt;OCT&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;11&quot;&amp;gt;NOV&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;12&quot;&amp;gt;DEC&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-09-26T09:48:00.587" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:23:46.610" Title="How to compare values from the list or from dropdown list in webdriver (Java)?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7868" CreationDate="2014-02-25T14:49:50.163" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason you are getting so many different matched is because you print it as you go through the loop. My personal suggestion, I like the KISS method, change the code to something like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Ex1 {&#xA;&#xA;private WebDriver d;&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testUntitled() throws Exception {&#xA;    d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    d.get(&quot;http://register.rediff.com/commonreg/index.php?redr=http://portfolio.rediff.com/money/jsp/loginnew.jsp?redr=home&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    int count = 0;&#xA;    String[] exp = {&quot;Month&quot;, &quot;JAN&quot;, &quot;FEB&quot;, &quot;MAR&quot;, &quot;APR&quot;, &quot;MAY&quot;, &quot;JUN&quot;, &quot;JUL&quot;, &quot;AUG&quot;, &quot;SEP&quot;, &quot;OCT&quot;, &quot;NOV&quot;, &quot;DEC&quot;};&#xA;    WebElement dropdown = d.findElement(By.id(&quot;date_mon&quot;));&#xA;    Select select = new Select(dropdown);&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = select.getOptions();&#xA;    for (WebElement we : options) {&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; exp.length; i++) {&#xA;            if (we.getText().equals(exp[i])) {&#xA;                count++;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    if (count == exp.length) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;matched&quot;);&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Houston, we have a problem.&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will just count the amount of matches and then if the total is the total count for the length. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I changed on your code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Added &lt;code&gt;int count = 0;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;changed &lt;code&gt;System.out.println(&quot;Matched&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;count++;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (count == exp.length) {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;matched&quot;);&#xA;} else {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Houston, we have a problem.&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per the discussion in the comments, I created a function to perform this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean compareElements(String a,List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; b) {&#xA;    for (WebElement we:b) {&#xA;        if (a.equalsIgnoreCase(we.getText())) {&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    return false;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (String e:exp) {&#xA;    if (compareElements(e,we)) {&#xA;        //code for if it was found&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        //code if it's not found&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:23:46.610" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:23:46.610" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7870" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-25T16:31:09.113" Score="1" ViewCount="4717" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a web-application, I am automating my test cases using selenium web driver in java. My test cases are being managed using Microsoft Test Manager. Now, I want to update the test cases in the Microsoft test manager based on the result of the automation tests I get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can anyone help me on this? Thanks :)-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7069" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-08T04:56:15.840" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T20:28:26.323" Title="How to update test cases in MS Test Manager based on automated test script results" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7871" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8001" CreationDate="2014-02-25T20:14:27.223" Score="2" ViewCount="6716" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am attempting to inject Javascript directly into a page in order to set a variable for the page. I am still rather new to the IDE and I have seen the runScript function and I think it does what I need but it's not working at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have currently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;runScript&#xA;javascript{var selectedComponentIDs = [x,y,z];}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;selectedComponentIDs is the variable in the source code of the page that I need to change. Thanks for any help offered. I really need to be able to do this with the IDE so 'use the Web Driver' will not be a suitable answer. It must be with the IDE if it's at all possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T18:39:48.190" Title="Selenium IDE Store variable in Javascript of Page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7875" CreationDate="2014-02-26T04:12:21.027" Score="0" ViewCount="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some tasks to do for reviews, &#xA;but the program that I will reviewed was not mine.. &#xA;&lt;br&gt;It comes from external and nothing documentations of it.. &#xA;&lt;br&gt;I already run test on it and it delivered some bugs. &#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;How can I make review for this program?&#xA;&lt;br&gt;Can I have some template for it?&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Best regards,&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Ahmad  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7078" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T12:12:14.457" Title="reviews format for external program or system" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;review&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7872" CreationDate="2014-02-26T12:12:14.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First google Exploratory Testing.&#xA;Some ideas for testing might be-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yours, and your customer's expectations and needs (what is the program used for)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;similar programs (compare to other knowns)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;relevant standards, or de-facto and industry standards (from national or international standard bodies e.g. ISO/IEEE/FDA etc. other sources might be known practices)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;some more good ideas can be found in &lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/posters/TheTestEye_SourcesForTestIdeas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;37 Sources for Test Ideas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T12:12:14.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7867" CreationDate="2014-02-26T12:17:59.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start by learning something about SMS encoding &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_Message_Service#Message_size&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;for example from wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then try to understand how phones decode and encode SMSs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you'll have a clearer idea of how and what to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T12:17:59.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7870" CreationDate="2014-02-26T12:30:50.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've actually got several options here. The key is that Microsoft Test Manager has to integrate with Team Foundation Server: if you can connect your Selenium tests to Team Foundation Server you can use the Associated Automation field in the test case to link your Selenium test code to MTM test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Team Foundation Server plugin for Eclipse&lt;/strong&gt;: this is an official plugin supported by Microsoft that should let you link the test cases within Eclipse. I can't give you any more guidance than that, since I work entirely within the MS development tools, but you can find a decent starting point on the MSDN library: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh301122.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh301122.aspx&lt;/a&gt; The way it should work is that you should be able to open the  test case within Eclipse and set Associated Automation there. Once you've done that there should be a way to wrap the MSTest command line tool to run from Eclipse.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Link/Compile/Run from Visual Studio&lt;/strong&gt;: I can't speak to how effective this is, and it may not be an option for you depending on the licensing used where you work, but this article (&lt;a href=&quot;http://improve.dk/compiling-java-in-visual-studio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://improve.dk/compiling-java-in-visual-studio/&lt;/a&gt;) suggests it's possible. The basic method is the same - once the linking is done, running the tests within Visual Studio should simply post to TFS/MTM (or running them using MSTest - which comes with VS and is the command-line tool for test running and the engine that does the heavy lifting).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use the TFS API to post your results&lt;/strong&gt;: This method is a lot more difficult and complex to implement (I've done it, but with C#/Visual Studio), but it can be done. If you can't get any of the other options to work, this is the fallback. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Run the test cases through MTM&lt;/strong&gt;: This method is (in theory) possible once you've linked the automation to the test cases, but only if you have the full test lab/test environment configuration and correctly configured test virtual machines to run it on. I honestly don't know if this is possible for you, but it can be done. I'd presume you'd need to have the VS configuration for running Java on each system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest that if possible you try for connecting and running from VS first, simply because if you can work through the VS testing environment and you have the test cases linked to your automation the integration is completely seamless - you run the tests, and then when you open MTM the test results are there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find you need more information on working with the TFS API, I can point you to some good resources on that topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T12:30:50.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-26T13:14:22.177" Score="1" ViewCount="1965" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the most convenient way of using Ruby script for  Selenium WebDriver to check all url's (from navigation menu)of any web page.Actually want to run them to see where they go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take - www.google.com and see if it goes to www.google.com (no error/redircts) or if i click to contact from the navigation menu then is it  redirecting to the write page(google.com/contact) or throws a error such as 404, &amp;amp; 500. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5040" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T11:05:58.653" Title="Using Ruby Selenium WebDriver how to check URL or Navigation which return 404?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6853" CreationDate="2014-02-26T19:11:55.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before starting with selenium, brushup your skills on Java and HTML which requires you for element identification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer the below link which provides you tutorials for not only selenium webdriver, it also provides for TestNG, JUnit, ANT ,Maven and other Report Generation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumeasy.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumeasy.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7084" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T19:11:55.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7853" CreationDate="2014-02-26T19:50:50.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you already have a REQUIREMENT (hopefully a document or series of documents), you already have something to test. Does the requirement provide sufficient information to tell when you have in fact developed something that satisfies the requirement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7085" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T19:50:50.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7853" CreationDate="2014-02-26T20:36:43.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start automating&#xA;at the moment&#xA;when the requirement&#xA;becomes the next requirement to implement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start automating before you implement each requirement.&#xA;And finish the automation&#xA;as part of the work&#xA;to implement each requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Before you implement a requirement&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;the team can create examples&#xA;of the requirement in action.&#xA;Start by writing each example on a sticky note&#xA;or on a whiteboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Building these examples together&#xA;helps the team understand the requirement more clearly,&#xA;and to know that&#xA;others on the team also understand the requirement&#xA;(in a reasonably similar way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Begin the implementation process&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;by automating the examples as automated tests.&#xA;You can go a long way here&#xA;before the implementation exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First,&#xA;recast each example in some executable form&#xA;(e.g. Cucumber's Given/When/Then form&#xA;or even a plain old JUnit test method).&#xA;Take care to retain&#xA;the meaning of the example&#xA;(because it forms the basis of the team's understanding of the requirement).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next,&#xA;implement the test steps&#xA;as far as you can.&#xA;You can at least declare a method&#xA;to implement each test step&#xA;in your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can go a very long way&#xA;even before you implement the requirement.&#xA;The trick is to pretend&#xA;(as far as you can)&#xA;that the requirement were already implemented,&#xA;and write the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course,&#xA;the limit here is&#xA;that there is no implementation to interact with,&#xA;so you'll be missing some information.&#xA;That's okay.&#xA;Write your test as if you had that information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In places where you've declared some test helper method&#xA;but don't yet know the details to implement it,&#xA;make the method throw some kind of&#xA;&quot;not implemented yet&quot;&#xA;exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In places where you know you'll need some kind of identifier&#xA;(e.g. to identify some yet-to-be-implemented GUI element),&#xA;create a variable or constant&#xA;and give it an obviously bogus value&#xA;as a placeholder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later,&#xA;as you implement the requirement,&#xA;you will fill in these methods and variables&#xA;with the appropriate information.&#xA;And then your test is ready to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start automating right away.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Almost all of the work of automating the tests&#xA;can be done before&#xA;the requirement is implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the work to automate the tests&#xA;helps you and the team to understand&#xA;the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So start automating&#xA;at the moment&#xA;when the requirement&#xA;becomes the next requirement to implement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-02-26T20:36:43.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="571" CreationDate="2014-02-27T07:43:58.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at Test Automation Framework which provide a enhanced Page Object Model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It have certain enhanced features like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &quot;to&quot; method which will navigate your browser to specified page and verify that the page is loaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &quot;at&quot; verification method which will verify that the broser is on a said Page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A explicit wait utility method which will wait until a specified page is loaded when you take an action on a page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can mention a base url and then mention extended page url in your Page class which will automatically appended to your base url at runtime. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://menonvarun.github.io/taf/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://menonvarun.github.io/taf/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://menonvarun.github.io/taf/pages/page_object_model_in_taf.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://menonvarun.github.io/taf/pages/page_object_model_in_taf.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7089" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T07:43:58.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7634" CreationDate="2014-02-27T09:57:12.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever possible,&#xA;instead of managing dependencies,&#xA;I work very hard&#xA;to eliminate them,&#xA;or at least reduce them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another high priority goal for me&#xA;is to &lt;em&gt;eliminate any technology that is not &lt;strong&gt;directly&lt;/strong&gt; involved&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;in the feature I'm testing.&#xA;Every additional element of technology&#xA;offers possibilities&#xA;for the tests to fail&#xA;&lt;em&gt;independent of whether the system implements the feature correctly&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For through-the-UI tests,&#xA;I like to have each test use the GUI&#xA;&lt;em&gt;only for GUI feature the test is testing&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of a test in three rough parts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up preconditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invoke the feature being tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the results produced by the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my test is testing that the feature can be invoked through the GUI,&#xA;then I'll go through the GUI to invoke the feature.&#xA;But I will &lt;em&gt;skip around the GUI&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;to set up the preconditions&#xA;and verify the results.&#xA;I'll call some lower level API,&#xA;or stuff data into the database,&#xA;or something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my test is testing that the system displays&#xA;specific results in some specific way&#xA;through the GUI,&#xA;then I'll go through the GUI to verify the results.&#xA;But I will &lt;em&gt;skip around the GUI&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;to set up the preconditions&#xA;and invoke the feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if my test is not testing anything &lt;em&gt;specifically about the GUI,&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;I will eliminate the GUI from the test altogether,&#xA;and make API calls into the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further,&#xA;when I &lt;em&gt;am&lt;/em&gt; testing GUI stuff,&#xA;I like to eliminate the system.&#xA;Instead, provide a mock system&#xA;that I can control directly&#xA;with my test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then my test verifies that when the user fiddles with some widget,&#xA;the GUI makes the right API call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or it verifies that when the system gives a response,&#xA;the GUI displays it correctly&#xA;(to the limited extent that can be verified with automation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to have very few&#xA;end-to-end automated tests.&#xA;Just enough to discover whether&#xA;the parts are wired together correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more complex things&#xA;like following data through the system,&#xA;have people do the tests.&#xA;People are much less sensitive to minor technology burps&#xA;that would cause an automated end-to-end test&#xA;to fail inadvertently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T09:57:12.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7878" CreationDate="2014-02-27T11:05:58.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use next algorithm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get all links from page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement ruby script to check all links&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First steps&lt;/strong&gt; are implemented in two ways&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open page by webdriver, and get all links by tag , for example&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get page by http request and parse html code by regex&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second step:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implement script for request sending&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5908017/check-if-url-exists-in-ruby&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for implemention script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2957" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T11:05:58.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7885" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7886" CreationDate="2014-02-27T13:52:53.370" Score="0" ViewCount="9422" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to select the current window,frame or popup where my browser is pointing.&#xA;(i.e when i doubleclick or click it opens an popup or window) I want to get through that window or popup using selenium webdriver.So if possible please suggest me how to do it.&#xA;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T09:37:35.510" Title="How to select an default window or popup in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7885" CreationDate="2014-02-27T16:02:10.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To switch to new pop up window what you can do is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String currentWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;String lastWindow = null;&#xA; Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    for (String aux : handles) {&#xA;        lastWindow = aux;&#xA;    }&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(lastWindow);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will switch you to the new window opened. If you need to switch to the other window just switch to currentWindow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6921" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T16:02:10.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7887" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7890" CreationDate="2014-02-27T17:43:44.313" Score="0" ViewCount="21825" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some instances, the getTitle() method does not work for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testTitleReliability() {&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    boolean title = driver.getTitle() == &quot;Google&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    if(title)&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;I am working correctly&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    else if(!title)&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;I am broken!&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it will work with this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testTitleReliability() {&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    boolean title = driver.getTitle().contains(&quot;Google&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    if(title)&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;I am working correctly&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    else if(!title)&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;I am broken!&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone know why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6858" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T11:44:20.830" Title="Question about the Selenium getTitle() Method" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7888" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-27T18:54:02.260" Score="1" ViewCount="2768" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company the QA department will verify all of the bugs fixed in builds deployed to our QA environment. We might deploy like 10 or so builds over a few weeks and they verify that the bug fixes are in fact fixed. All of this seems fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we deploy the final build to staging they go and re-verify &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; of the bugs again. I'm not convinced that is necessary. It's the exact same code they tested in the QA environment. Maybe poke around to make sure everything installed correctly but why re-verify every single bug again? I repeat - it's the same code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone help me understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7096" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T09:40:45.800" Title="Do you need to re-verify all bugs in the staging environment?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2696" CreationDate="2014-02-27T19:28:24.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The xpath examples here will work - but you could also use a css selector to match inside the contents of the &quot;onclick&quot; attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.cssSelector(&quot;button[onclick^=addToSelected]&quot;)&#xA;By.cssSelector(&quot;button[onclick^=submitAddNewApplication]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case I've used the &quot;starts with&quot; attribute selector, but you could use the &quot;contains&quot; selector instead (&lt;code&gt;*=&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1893" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T19:28:24.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7887" CreationDate="2014-02-27T21:29:53.137" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;==&quot; operator checks objects for identity, not for equality.  Try this instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.getTitle().equals(&quot;Google&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-02-27T21:29:53.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7888" CreationDate="2014-02-28T00:38:17.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to know why they do this and or if it is justified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is difficult to answer without knowing more about the project length, product, technology and deployment environment and the acceptable defect goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance there could be a number of valid reasons. It may be the exact same code, but the deployment process may be unreliable. It may also depend how much insight or trust QA have into the latest changes and if late changes are common or discussed. It could be the QA manager uses the exercise as a final check useful for revealing any issues or side impact coincidently missed in late changes. Ie; regression not really the goal. If QA is still doing it then it has probably proved useful for some reason in your environment. It may be they just schedule full defect regression for that stage because they have no time earlier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IME the usual approach at staging is high level smoke test to ensure all major functions are operating correctly + reverification of small number of high priority issues and recent fixes. Retesting the entire list of issues resolved including many minor issues is unusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7064" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T00:38:17.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7888" CreationDate="2014-02-28T08:38:37.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is kind of regression tests to me. You mention that you may have 10 builds. If you test a bug fix on the 1st build, what makes you sure it is going to be still fixed on the 10th. A regression may have been introduced within the recent builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And same goes for staging area. There could be some differences in the platform that make some test fails on that env. So all in all those tests are maybe not so useless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach I follow usually is to automate as much as possible when my acceptance test is done on build number X. So then I can launch again that automated tests on build X+n, and once again on the staging environment. But then, it depends how easy your tests are to automate of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T08:38:37.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7894" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7895" CreationDate="2014-02-28T10:19:35.483" Score="2" ViewCount="351" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all - sorry if it's something well-known amongst testers, I'm not a tester at all but for now I must perform some kind of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a distributed software layer distributed across different regions. Thus, we have to test how it works on different IPs (countries), and to check how it returns cookies and even images (just a country flag).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't need headless solutions such as phantomjs - in fact, that's just a simple thing and it's enough to test it manually (in other words - nobody gave us resources for writing normal tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can use proxies to emulate different IPs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to run multiple browsers on a single machine? Each browser must be isolated from the others - that means, no shared cookies, cache, passwords or anything else. Also, at the same time, each browser must have unique proxy settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox, Chrome, Opera or anything else - doesn't matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be executed on a linux OS (Ubuntu or Debian preferable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Multiple virtual machines seem to be an overkill in this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7103" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T10:54:15.157" Title="Multiple isolated browsers on a single machine" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7894" CreationDate="2014-02-28T10:54:15.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can install multiplecinstances of Mozilla on Linux if you do the install manuakky (don.t use apt-get it will complain).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download and unpack the tarball&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a new firefox profile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;firefox -CreateProfile &quot;firefox-9.0.1 /home/bob/.mozilla/firefox/firefox-9.0.1&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Launch firefox from CLI where you can specify profiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/home/bob/firefox-9.0.1/firefox -P firefox-9.0.1&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: You may be able to use one FF install with different profiles to achieve your objective but I'm not certain as I've not tried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T10:54:15.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7888" CreationDate="2014-02-28T12:51:10.500" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general rule, retesting in the staging environment is done more as an integration/sanity test than a full retest because the QA environment will likely have different code (due to other changes that aren't being pushed to the staging environment yet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usual considerations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The staging environment is kept as close to production as possible, and should differ only when code has been pushed to staging in preparation for deployment. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The QA environment has code from multiple change sets, not all of which will be targeted for deployment at any particular time (particularly when a change is part of a larger project that has to be deployed as a single chunk).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a small but not negligible chance that the difference between the two code bases will cause integration problems. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a small but not negligible chance that there are changes which are not in the change control system (This happens a lot where I work - there are data updates which happen regularly, and change control is not designed to handle things like what data is contained in which tables. Sometimes the data updates are handled as a script, but sometimes they aren't - things like bulk updates to state tax rates are generally dealt with as a manual data pump because the fields that change are different every time).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The continuous integration system might not handle database schema updates or stored procedure/function/user defined data type changes. These updates can be handled as SQL scripts stored in the version control system easily enough, but applying the database changes isn't something every CI system does.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've yet to meet a test person who wasn't at least a little bit paranoid about bugs escaping into the wild. If there's &lt;em&gt;anything&lt;/em&gt; different, most testers are going to want to recheck it to make sure nothing's broken.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience the testing that happens in the staging environment is pretty cursory compared to what happens in the QA/Test environment, but it's never skipped. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-02-28T12:51:10.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7897" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12728" CreationDate="2014-02-28T15:44:34.560" Score="4" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading the slides of a famous random test+symbolic execution software test tool &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~alur/CIS670/cute.ppt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cute&lt;/a&gt;'s slides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one slide, I see this claim on classic symbolic execution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V1T1Z.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why author claims that &quot;Symbolic execution will say both branches are reachable&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my understanding, symbolic execution needs to solve the constrains of branch conditions, and basically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if((x%10)*4!=17)&#xA;{&#xA;}else{&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;else statement's constrain can not be solved, am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone give me some help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7106" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T23:34:11.387" Title="One issue with symbolic execution" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;static-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7934" CreationDate="2014-02-28T19:21:51.540" Score="4" ViewCount="17260" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm updating to version 2.40 and was looking at the change log. &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/dotnet/CHANGELOG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/dotnet/CHANGELOG&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It says &quot;Now provide an option to hide command prompt window for driver service&#xA;   executables (IEDriverServer.exe, chromedriver.exe, etc.) in .NET bindings.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find what setting to use to make this happen. How do I do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6179" LastActivityDate="2021-04-21T23:11:47.340" Title="Selenium C# 4.0 release says you can hide the command prompt - how do you actually do it?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7887" CreationDate="2014-03-01T02:11:02.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This has nothing to do with getTitle() from selenium web driver. This is how string comparisions work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use an double equals operator on two objects(strings in this case), their addresses will be compared to see if they are same objects. when I say same objects, a two different objects can contain exactly same data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use contains on a string, that will verify contents of the string character by character irrespective of their addresses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another angle to this discussion. Is title exactly equal to &quot;Google&quot; or is it going to something like &quot;Google &quot; with additional space or something like that, if that is the case you can't use equals. however if they are exactly equal, you can also use getTitle().equals(&quot;Google&quot;) as the other answer already pointed out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the reason you &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; works where as &lt;code&gt;==&lt;/code&gt;doesn't. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5259" LastActivityDate="2014-03-01T02:11:02.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7908" CreationDate="2014-03-01T07:29:26.890" Score="2" ViewCount="16987" Body="&lt;p&gt;As both of them do the same activity is there any special differences between type and typekeys in selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wdBacked.type(locator, value);&#xA;&#xA;wdBacked.typeKeys(locator, value);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-01T12:40:42.867" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T13:49:16.400" Title="What is the difference between type() and typeKeys() in WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7902" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-02T20:37:28.243" Score="5" ViewCount="28058" Body="&lt;p&gt;in Jmeter, for a thread group, the number of thread users is 20, ramp-up period is 5s, the loop count is 10, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so what is the concurrent users in this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7113" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T06:52:43.240" Title="what is the concurrent users in load testing using Jmeter" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5099" CreationDate="2014-03-03T00:41:17.320" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also suggest reading these great MSDN docs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms404707%28v=vs.110%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Binding a Data Source to a Web Performance Test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182548%28v=vs.110%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to: Set Credentials on a Web Performance Test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can set the credentials for any Web site that uses basic&#xA;  authentication or Integrated Windows authentication. Web sites that&#xA;  contain personal information often require user authentication before&#xA;  displaying any information through the browser. By setting the&#xA;  credentials for a Web performance test, you can conduct tests on sites&#xA;  that require this level of authentication. You set credentials in Web&#xA;  performance tests in the Web Performance Test Editor. For more&#xA;  information about how to edit a Web performance test, see How to: Edit&#xA;  an Existing Web Performance Test Using the Web Performance Test&#xA;  Editor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7116" LastEditorUserId="7116" LastEditDate="2014-03-03T00:58:00.820" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T00:58:00.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-03T08:55:06.973" Score="1" ViewCount="982" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this question:&#xA;I found there are web test automation tools such as selenium, but they are designed for testing website in the browsers such as ie/firefox/google chrome...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if the website is inside some windows desktop app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if there is an desktop app(some software like MSN or ICQ), then it has some website inside the their window,(maybe a popup window with some news inside it or a popup window shows your email-box), user could perform some actions on the website(such as read email, browse the title of news..I mean, user could click these websites which are displayed inside a window. the window is pops up from the desktop app and is not a ie/ff/chrome window). Is it possible to do automate testing against these kinds of software? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7020" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T12:06:15.643" Title="How to automate test the website inside some windows desktop app?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7905" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-03T10:49:34.470" Score="0" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can any one have idea how to automate ETL testing like ...compare schemas, data, lookups and making sure the data flowed correctly end to end without truncations, calculation errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please provide clear details how to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7121" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T06:23:57.283" Title="ETL Testing Automation using XML's" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7904" CreationDate="2014-03-03T12:06:15.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coded UI tests, part of Microsoft Visual Studio, can test applications and also web pages. So depending on exactly how the web page is embedded within the application Coded UI may be suitable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd380742.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Supported Configurations&lt;/a&gt; page shows which application implementation technologies and which browsers are supported by Coded UI. One of the challenges of Coded UI is &quot;custom controls&quot;, they have to be written to support the MSAA or UIA interfaces otherwise Coded UI will not be able to access them. If the browser in your application is embedded using a custom control then check with the author or the supplier for Coded UI (ie MSAA or UIA) support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T12:06:15.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5139" CreationDate="2014-03-03T12:16:44.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've actually answered your own question here: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Test Manager you put in a build you want to test against. So now&#xA;  all those test runs are tied to the build&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TFS is designed so that there must be a build associated to a test run. In order to keep test results but not the build itself, you have a couple of options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a &quot;dummy&quot; build to run tests against. This requires coding against the TFS API.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run tests against a designated default build. This is available in later versions of TFS/Test Manager. I'm not sure if it's in 2010 or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Export your test results to a report and save the report. This won't keep the test results themselves, but it will keep a record of what those results were.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T12:16:44.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7900" CreationDate="2014-03-03T13:49:16.400" Score="4" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;type&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;void  type(java.lang.String locator, java.lang.String value) &#xA;          Sets the value of an input field, as though you typed it in.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inputs the value. Sets the textfield to the value, nothing special. It just takes the entire string and puts it in there at one time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;typeKeys&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;void   typeKeys(java.lang.String locator, java.lang.String value) &#xA;          Simulates keystroke events on the specified element, as though you typed the value key-by-key.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simulates each keystroke. So if the page has an action that occurs as you type (for example, google's autosuggest), this will be the action you would need. There is also other places where this may be useful but not too many overall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are very similar and generally speaking your going to want to use type unless you need to simulate each keystrokes for a reason. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T13:49:16.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7958" CreationDate="2014-03-03T16:17:35.833" Score="1" ViewCount="749" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that in static analysis of program, we need to find fixpoint to analysis the info loop provided. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_combinator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wiki&lt;/a&gt; as well as related meterials in the book Secure_programming_with_Static_Analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am still confused with the concept fixpoint, so my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;could anyone give me some explanations of the concept, fixpoint?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is the practical way(ways) to find the fixpoint in static analysis?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What information can we get after finding the fixpoint?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7106" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T03:50:01.230" Title="How to find the fixpoint of a loop and why do we need this?" Tags="&lt;static-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7911" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-03T16:31:15.543" Score="6" ViewCount="31523" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am beginner to webdriver. I have setup all configurations. I am using firefox 27.0.1 version with selenium jar files 2.40.0. I have written code to open firefox browser with a URL. I am unable to run the code and got the below error. Cannot find firefox binary in PATH. Make sure firefox is installed. OS appears to be Mac. It seems i should specify the firefox path to run the code. I tried to find the location on my mac. All i get is /Users/sathiyarengarajan/Library/Application Support/Firefox/Profiles. Tell me how to get the exact path on mac machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-03-27T17:20:34.663" LastActivityDate="2020-04-24T06:32:37.193" Title="How to set Firefox path on Mac OS for Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7911" CreationDate="2014-03-03T16:39:51.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The typical location of FF is &lt;code&gt;/Users/username/Applications/Firefox&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To confirm the location right click on an FF shortcut and select &lt;code&gt;&quot;Get info&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.  The dialog box displays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T05:58:48.343" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T05:58:48.343" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7888" CreationDate="2014-03-03T17:56:23.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Repeating &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; bug fix verification in stage seems like over-kill to me.  One question, have you ever seen a fix fail in stage that passed in the QA environment?  If this is a common problem, you should look at improving your QA environment (assuming stage is pretty close to production configuration).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One class of bug fixes that we do verify in both QA &amp;amp; stage: those where the underlying dependency is different. For example, my team has separate systems for authentication between pre-prod &amp;amp; stage.  For fixes that rely on authentication, we will make sure they stay fixed on stage (which points to the production auth server). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-03-03T17:56:23.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7914" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-04T05:27:41.920" Score="0" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have to give a demo to our team for one of our Android Application. I was searching for an app like AirPlay that will share the screen of my Android device on the HDTV and team will be able to view it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But all I came across the apps that can share files, videos, photos on the screen but not the device screen. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.knowyourmobile.com/android-apps/18049/best-airplay-apps-android-gettin-dream-stream&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.knowyourmobile.com/android-apps/18049/best-airplay-apps-android-gettin-dream-stream&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came across one app called mirror (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.engadget.com/2013/12/12/mirror-android-beta-airplay-mirroring/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.engadget.com/2013/12/12/mirror-android-beta-airplay-mirroring/&lt;/a&gt;), but its not present on Google Play.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SO if anybody has any idea about such application, please share.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T13:36:15.030" Title="Is there any App to share android device screen?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-11-20T15:17:06.733" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6386" CreationDate="2014-03-04T09:03:45.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;SeeTest by Experitest is a decent tool that might match your needs.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeeTest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works on the GUI level, but can interface API's beneath it too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T09:03:45.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7914" CreationDate="2014-03-04T09:06:31.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have kitkat you can use &lt;strong&gt;Miracast&lt;/strong&gt;, see Wi-Fi CERTIFIED Miracast section &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/about/versions/kitkat.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.android.com/about/versions/kitkat.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see also this video &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v93CfAHO_7k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;on youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v93CfAHO_7k&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3025" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T09:06:31.033" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7885" CreationDate="2014-03-04T09:11:51.697" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the following code also to handle popup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; String mainwindow = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;        for (String popup : driver.getWindowHandles()){&#xA;            driver.switchTo().window(popup);&#xA;        }&#xA;// Your code on poppup window&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(mainwindow); //Switching to main/parent window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T09:11:51.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2014-03-04T09:22:05.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ActiTime&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; application (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.actitime.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.actitime.com/&lt;/a&gt;). You can use this application without internet (Without internet this application will work as an web-based application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T09:22:05.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7919" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7922" CreationDate="2014-03-04T11:27:32.970" Score="7" ViewCount="36069" Body="&lt;p&gt;how to test validations for &quot;FIRSTNAME&quot; textfield. Below are the details and code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;URL:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vrlbus.in/vrl2013/register_customer.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.vrlbus.in/vrl2013/register_customer.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Special chars:&lt;/strong&gt;  #!#!#$@#!$@!$@#$%#%^#$^^&amp;amp;%&amp;amp;$%* (Not valid).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alphabetic chars:&lt;/strong&gt; acbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdef (Valid).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Validations {&#xA;public static WebDriver d;&#xA;    public static void main(String []args)throws Exception{&#xA;        d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        d.get(&quot;http://www.vrlbus.in/vrl2013/register_customer.aspx&quot;);&#xA;        d.findElement(By.id(&quot;FIRSTNAME&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;#!#!#$@#!$@!$@#$%#%^#$^^&amp;amp;%&amp;amp;$%*&quot;);&#xA;        d.findElement(By.id(&quot;Button1&quot;)).click();&#xA;        String alertMessage = d.switchTo().alert().getText();&#xA;        System.out.println(alertMessage);&#xA;      if (alertMessage.equals(&quot;First name Should not contain Special Characters&quot;)){&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Error displayed: First name Should not contain Special Characters&quot;);&#xA;            d.switchTo().alert().dismiss();&#xA;        } else{&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Accepted&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        d.findElement(By.id(&quot;FIRSTNAME&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;acbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdef&quot;);&#xA;        d.findElement(By.id(&quot;Button1&quot;)).click();&#xA;         if (alertMessage.equals(&quot;First name Should not contain Special Characters&quot;)){&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Error displayed: First name Should not contain Special Characters&quot;);&#xA;                d.switchTo().alert().dismiss();&#xA;            } else{&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Accepted&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        d.quit();&#xA;    }   &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-26T08:31:46.667" LastActivityDate="2018-10-12T07:01:49.347" Title="Fieldlevel validation in Selenium Webdriver (Java)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5089" CreationDate="2014-03-04T12:07:14.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can pause the test run, then save and close. All the attachments you've created to that point will be saved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're ready to come back to the test, you'll need to return to the point you left and located the unfinished run (Test &gt; Analyze Test Runs), then Resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to pick up where you left off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T12:07:14.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7919" CreationDate="2014-03-04T13:00:30.217" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing it, your doing an extremely basic test. A major advantage of automation is that you can do a lot more testing. I would set up a datasource for names, declare them valid or invalid, and have it attempt to use it. I would also have it only use one of the special characters at a time and the rest be valid (As of now your essentially testing if any of those special characters will cause a fail, not all). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you are doing boundary testing, so try and push the boundaries to their limits. Make sure that you are trying to 'trick' the system. Don't just throw all of the characters at once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want the easiest way to perform this....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;    String[] invalidChars = {&quot;#&quot;, &quot;!&quot;, &quot;$&quot;, &quot;@&quot;, &quot;%&quot;, &quot;^&quot;, &quot;&amp;amp;&quot;};&#xA;    String name = &quot;acbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzab&quot;;&#xA;    d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    d.get(&quot;http://www.vrlbus.in/vrl2013/register_customer.aspx&quot;);&#xA;    for (String invalid : invalidChars) {&#xA;        d.findElement(By.id(&quot;FIRSTNAME&quot;)).clear();&#xA;        d.findElement(By.id(&quot;FIRSTNAME&quot;)).sendKeys(name + invalid);&#xA;        d.findElement(By.id(&quot;Button1&quot;)).click();&#xA;        String alertMessage = d.switchTo().alert().getText();&#xA;        System.out.println(invalid);&#xA;        if (alertMessage.equals(&quot;First name Should not contain Special Characters&quot;)) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Error displayed: First name Should not contain Special Characters&quot;);&#xA;            d.switchTo().alert().dismiss();&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Accepted&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    d.findElement(By.id(&quot;FIRSTNAME&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;acbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdef&quot;);&#xA;    d.findElement(By.id(&quot;Button1&quot;)).click();&#xA;    String alertMessage = d.switchTo().alert().getText();&#xA;    if (alertMessage.equals(&quot;First name Should not contain Special Characters&quot;)) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Error displayed: First name Should not contain Special Characters&quot;);&#xA;        d.switchTo().alert().dismiss();&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Accepted&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    d.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will loop through the array of invalidChars and add them onto the end of the valid characters. I had to drop the valid characters down to 29 since it seems your form maxes out at 30.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-03-05T12:45:56.807" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T12:45:56.807" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7888" CreationDate="2014-03-04T13:48:00.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you have a thorough manager. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is many ways you can look at this if it gets released into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your team discovered the defect, it was fixed and verified. You have your documentation that proves this. Somehow, after all of that it was broken again. It happens, and if the source control is weak, it can happen a lot. Your team is likely not considered to be responsible for this and the blame will likely fall on the dev team. No sweat off your back. You did your job.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your team discovers the defect, it was 'fixed' and verified. It is discovered in production. Your team has 0 documentation establishing that this defect fix was verified. It's your fault. The blame comes onto you, if it's a bad defect that impacts revenue or up time, someone is going to be in a lot of trouble. And since you can't establish that this defect was retested, it is completely QA's fault.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your team retests the defects. The easiest way to do this is by having the automation team set these up (I actually built a regression tool that will do this for my API). You rerun all Sev 1 and Sev 2 defects. If all are good, wonderful. If any fail, you find out why, how severe it is and whether or not it would justify a fix. Either way, the QA department has 'protected' themselves from the backlash of the defect in production.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, this is the world of QA. It's called protecting yourself. The fact that this is done so late in the release is puzzling to me. Also, if this is a process that your bosses insist on keeping than I would suggest developing a system that would make this easier to do in bulk. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T13:48:00.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7905" CreationDate="2014-03-04T16:10:18.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would start by looking at redgate's suite of tools.  They have a tool to compare databases, and a tool to compare data in databases, as well as documentation on how to do so.  You can compare tables as well as results of specific queries, which will help you find truncation errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To test calculation errors, you would need to execute some queries that calculate the values yourself, and compare that to the actual values.  How you do this depends a lot on the actual calculations that need to be done.  There are a number of approaches to do this in an automated way.  One would be to write some code that connects to the database, queries it, calculates the correct values and then compares to the stored values.  You could then run this code with junit or nunit, or whichever test runner for whatever programming language you use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T16:10:18.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7925" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-04T16:49:22.207" Score="1" ViewCount="1324" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used Selenium IDE to automate the project. Now I started learning Webdriver. In IDE, there are few commands like label and Goto labels, where I can create a bunch of code under a label and use gotolable to jump to the label. How the same can be done using webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T12:57:55.507" Title="what are the equivalent commands for label and Goto label in webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2014-03-04T17:22:59.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Bug reports should be...&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;...Clear&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug reports should have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Precise, descriptive summaries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Informative, concise descriptions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A neutral tone, avoiding complaints or conjecture.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;...Reproducible&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug reports should contain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The simplest &lt;strong&gt;steps to reproduce&lt;/strong&gt; the issue, or...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A failing &lt;strong&gt;test fixture&lt;/strong&gt; for the bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;...Specific&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only publish &lt;strong&gt;one bug&lt;/strong&gt; per report accompanied by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;detailed description&lt;/strong&gt; of the issue focusing on the &lt;strong&gt;facts&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expected&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;actual results&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Versions&lt;/strong&gt; of software, platform and operating system used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Crash data&lt;/strong&gt;, including &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/jacoj.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stack traces&lt;/a&gt;, log&#xA;files, screen-shots and other relevant information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;...Unique&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please search for duplicates before reporting a bug and ensure summaries are&#xA;include relevant keywords to make it easier for other users to find duplicates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7124" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2019-03-15T12:01:56.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2014-03-04T18:10:50.580" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Welcome to the Internet' provides a ton of good real world examples that you can use to write some test automation code against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/&quot;&gt;http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7131" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T18:10:50.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7902" CreationDate="2014-03-04T18:30:38.417" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please see the following link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/test_plan.html#thread_group&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/test_plan.html#thread_group&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'number of threads' are equivalent to the number of concurrent users that you are looking for. In your scenario above, you have 20 concurrent threads (users) and each thread will run 10 times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7131" LastActivityDate="2014-03-04T18:30:38.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7929" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7932" CreationDate="2014-03-05T07:14:33.427" Score="7" ViewCount="6370" Body="&lt;p&gt;As i came across this code, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;xxx&quot;)).sendKeys(&#xA;                Keys.ZENKAKU_HANKAKU);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so wanted to know why and when to use this kind of key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T09:20:33.303" Title="what is Keys.ZENKAKU_HANKAKU in webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7902" CreationDate="2014-03-05T07:46:46.927" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what your test is doing. If it's something long enough - it will be 20, if it's something very short - it'll be 1. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter offers several options to control the load. In particular the most commonly used elemends are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Synchronizing_Timer&quot;&gt;Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt; - to pause threads unless certain number will be reached and fire them all at the same time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; - to specify exact load to generate, i.e. 20 requests per second. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also JMeter concurrent threads are not &quot;concurrent users&quot; as real-life people do pauses between actions on web pages. If you don't set any pauses in your tests then 20 concurrent threads will stand for something like 200-250 concurrent users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T07:46:46.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7941" CreationDate="2014-03-05T09:14:17.983" Score="3" ViewCount="6017" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to navigate the command on the alert box, but I am not able to do it in Web Driver with JAVA. Please help me with it. Apart from this I would also like to know how to tackle with the confirmation box and Warnings prompts displayed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7140" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:24:34.157" Title="How to navigate to a alert using Selenium Web Driver with Java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7929" CreationDate="2014-03-05T09:20:33.303" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a Japanese modifier key which will change between Hankaku (half-width) and Zenkaku (full-width) characters.  To try and visualise this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hankaku - &lt;code&gt;12345&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zenkaku - &lt;code&gt;1 2 3 4 5&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to which key it is bound to on the keyboard, F9 and F10 are common bindings.  F10 will change from Zenkaku to Hankaku, and F9 from Hankaku to Zenkaku.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source - &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_input_keys#Half-width.2FFull-width_.28.E5.8D.8A.E8.A7.92.2F.E5.85.A8.E8.A7.92.29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7141" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T09:20:33.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7933" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-05T09:40:24.527" Score="4" ViewCount="5783" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able to find all the commands for WebDriver / Selenium 2. Where can I get them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7140" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:48:12.163" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:48:12.163" Title="Where I can get all the commands related to Web Driver / Selenium 2?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7898" CreationDate="2014-03-05T09:59:42.633" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can hide command prompt window now in Selenium 2.40.0. I was writing a blog article about this earlier, which you might want to have a look &lt;a href=&quot;http://yizeng.me/2014/03/05/hide-command-prompt-window-in-selenium-webdriver-net-binding/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that hiding command prompt window is not recommended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driverService = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();&#xA;driverService.HideCommandPromptWindow = true;&#xA;&#xA;var driver = new ChromeDriver(driverService, new ChromeOptions());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;InternetExplorerDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driverService = InternetExplorerDriverService.CreateDefaultService();&#xA;driverService.HideCommandPromptWindow = true;&#xA;&#xA;var driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(driverService, new InternetExplorerOptions());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PhantomJSDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driverService = PhantomJSDriverService.CreateDefaultService();&#xA;driverService.HideCommandPromptWindow = true;&#xA;&#xA;var driver = new PhantomJSDriver(driverService);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5127" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T09:59:42.633" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7933" CreationDate="2014-03-05T10:29:43.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scroll down to: &quot;Selenium-WebDriver API Commands and Operations&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T10:29:43.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7936" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-05T10:51:01.973" Score="3" ViewCount="7820" Body="&lt;p&gt;I Just wanted to know that how can we take a series of screenshots / a video recording for a screen using Selenium 2/Web Driver with JAVA ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide the answer or the link where I can get an idea about it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7140" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T05:42:17.050" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T05:42:17.050" Title="How to capture a series of screenshots in Web Driver using Java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7925" CreationDate="2014-03-05T12:53:03.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Webdriver is an API, not a programming language.  Java has statement labels and GoTo's, but if you use them frequently, you are not using the language the way it was intended.  Consider using if-statements, loops, and methods instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T12:53:03.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7925" CreationDate="2014-03-05T12:57:55.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you are wanting to use functions. These are snippets of code that will allow you to call the code in multiple different portions of your program. Functions are amazing and extremely important to understand if you want to progress with the WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an extremely simple example function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void functionExample(String text) {&#xA;    System.out.println(text);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this function would be called with &lt;code&gt;functionExample(&quot;test&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; and it would print the word 'test' to your output. I strongly &lt;strong&gt;STRONGLY&lt;/strong&gt; suggest learning the basics to Java before continuing with the WebDriver. Build some simple Hello World scripts and study some string manipulation techniques. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need more information regarding functions, Java has an extensive community and I am confident that you can find a lot of amazing resources for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T12:57:55.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7933" CreationDate="2014-03-05T13:03:28.250" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/Selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ruby&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/api.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/dotnet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;.Net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/javascript/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScript&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Majority of the remote commands can be found &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/650a1ab4fe3f0363cde72d8e0202e61e3f713acd/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/http/AbstractHttpCommandCodec.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;sub&gt; Ex. &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub/session&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub/session&lt;/a&gt; for session&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will contain all of the functions that Selenium uses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T12:48:13.483" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T12:48:13.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7931" CreationDate="2014-03-05T14:27:57.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is a Javascript alert box, this is relatively straightforward; you can switch to it with &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().alert();&lt;/code&gt; in Java. If you save the return value of that as an Alert object, you can interact with it, like &lt;code&gt;alert.accept()&lt;/code&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/Alert.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the javadoc&lt;/a&gt; for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you're asking, however, I suspect it's not so simple. If this is not really an alert, but a popup that the browser has generated, such as a Basic Authentication prompt, you cannot interact with it using WebDriver, as WebDriver can only interact with things that exist in the DOM. You will have to use another Java library, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/Robot.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot&lt;/a&gt;, to interact with popups at this level.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T14:27:57.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7943" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-05T16:22:06.713" Score="5" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a site which is using the ip of the client machine to determine location for display on the home page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone got any idea how we test this from a fixed office, on a corporate network?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6977" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T19:47:58.403" Title="Testing localization" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7943" CreationDate="2014-03-05T21:23:57.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally I'd want dev to set a different private subnet to each supported location then change the private IP of the test computer for each location to test when creating the product.  If necessary this could be enabled or disable in a config file (have a qa/production config option similar to debug).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would allow you to setup static IP pools on your local router for each location and switch your IP as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is not possible I'd look into IP address spoofing (the IP packet header is modified to make the HTTP request appear as if it came from a different source).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the testing is not being done locally then I'd use a proxy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T21:23:57.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6262" CreationDate="2014-03-05T22:16:50.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We used AscentialTest from Zeenyx Software to test an SAP windows based POS system. It is also used by other groups to test Fujitsu's Global POS and IBM's new Chrome based POS system.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7145" LastActivityDate="2014-03-05T22:16:50.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-06T06:15:38.683" Score="0" ViewCount="1919" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a screen with a &quot;I agree&quot; check box and the &quot;Next&quot; button. I tested it in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not select a check box.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click &quot;Next&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expect an alert message is shown.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this functional test or invalid input test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please give me basic functional and invalid input cases for the above scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3097" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-06T07:35:00.770" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T12:27:07.013" Title="Is it functional or invalid input test?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7947" CreationDate="2014-03-06T09:34:03.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you please give me basic functional and invalid input cases for&#xA;  the above scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional testing for your scenario would cover cases including but not limited to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test whether the UI of the screen containing a checkbox and a button are displayed properly (as in color matches the requirement document, the positioning of those form controls matches the requirement document, the size of the button and should it show a different color when hovered, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing that the button click triggers an action based on the input (here it would be the tick and untick of checkbox)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The input data test cases I can think of are only two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Button behavior upon clicking with checkBox set to FALSE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Button behavior upon clicking with checkBox set to TRUE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, I'd say that the functionality testing is the super set where as the input data testing is a subset of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7151" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T09:34:03.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7949" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8026" CreationDate="2014-03-06T09:50:27.327" Score="0" ViewCount="1250" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am using Watin to test a website. It contains a div which is created dynamically on clicking a tablecell. How can I access the dynamically created div. The issue is the div is deleted after a short span of time (even before the control can move to next line)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; if(tablecell.exists)&#xA;{&#xA;tablecell.ClickNoWait(); //this creates the dynamic &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;if(div.exists) //the control does not go inside &#xA;{&#xA;//code to edit div contents.&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6881" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:49:46.973" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:49:46.973" Title="How to access a dynamically created element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;watin&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7947" CreationDate="2014-03-06T12:27:07.013" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer the main question, your test is a functional test which uses an expected invalid input condition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of my classifications of functional test types are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional test - any test of the application's functionality. This can include valid input, invalid input, navigation through the application, and pretty much anything else that involves the application doing things. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valid input - subset of functional tests using valid input data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invalid input - subset of functional tests using invalid input data. Invalid input data can be expected (such as the user fails to enter data in a required field) or unexpected (if something &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be done, a user &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; do it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valid conditions - subset of functional tests where the conditions the application is running under are in the expected range of conditions (e.g. if the application requires a database, the database is available).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invalid conditions - subset of functional tests where the application is running under anomalous conditions (e.g. database is not available, network connectivity is lost, and so forth)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monkey tests - subset of functional tests where the application is given random/semi-random input more or less equivalent to a small child or a monkey playing with the keyboard.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't an exhaustive list, nor are any the subsets mutually exclusive. Valid input in one circumstance can be invalid input in a different one (this doesn't apply to your scenario, but it does happen when there are complex business rules in an application). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since testing time is usually limited, functional tests will typically cover these areas in roughly this order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valid inputs in valid conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected invalid inputs in valid conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time and resources permitting, valid inputs in invalid conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time and resources permitting, expected invalid inputs in invalid conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anything else the tester has time for and can think of&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T12:27:07.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7586" CreationDate="2014-03-06T12:48:34.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a newer plugin for JMeter which is fully RFC 6455 compliant and allows re-using same TCP session for multiple duplex requests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/maciejzaleski/JMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter WebSocket Sampler by Maciej Zaleski&lt;/a&gt; - download from Releases page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/websocket-testing-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebSocket Testing With Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; - how-to guide&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T12:48:34.700" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6982" CreationDate="2014-03-06T12:53:20.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The test is marked as passed because you're are invoking JUnitCore from within a test class. As soon as JUnitCore.runClasses has completed execution, the current test, ie 'test' in 'ParallelComputerTest', is finished succesfully since no AssertionError were thrown during that test, and that was a single test as far as your IDE's test runner is concerned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you can achieve your requirement like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestRunner{&#xA;&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args){&#xA;    Class[] cls = { TestCase1.class, TestCase2.class, ..[as many test classes as you want] };&#xA;    Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(ParallelComputer.classes(), cls);&#xA;    List&amp;lt;Failure&amp;gt; failures = result.getFailures();     &#xA;  }   &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then invoke the test like so : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestRunner.main(args);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list failures will have a bunch of &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.sourceforge.net/javadoc/org/junit/runner/notification/Failure.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Failure&lt;/a&gt; objects which you can parse and log. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.sourceforge.net/javadoc/org/junit/runner/Result.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Result&lt;/a&gt; object will have the overall test details, viz. execution time, tests started, ignore, finished and failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that ParallelComputer also has other methods apart from classes() which will allow you to have a somewhat higher degree of control over what is executed in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7155" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T12:53:20.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7954" CreationDate="2014-03-06T14:29:49.513" Score="2" ViewCount="7820" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am given a javascript function which takes as input some numbers and returns the max, as a part of a project at the university, and I have to test it, using Selenium, JUnit, Ant and JScover. I have seen some tutorials about each one individually(&lt;a href=&quot;http://ant.apache.org/manual/tutorial-HelloWorldWithAnt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ant manual&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/junit/junit_quick_guide.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JUnit Tutorial&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jroller.com/selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium tutorial&lt;/a&gt;) and I have understood that JScover just graphically presents you the results of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I have difficulties understanding the difference between Selenium, JUnit and Ant. I also do not know how to start making test cases. I have eclipse installed, and I have the function, but how I am supposed to combine the three, and what I should do in each one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you also know any example which uses those that can help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6580" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T12:33:52.590" LastActivityDate="2021-03-21T14:05:44.520" Title="What are Selenium, JUnit, Ant and JScover and how they are combined?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7953" CreationDate="2014-03-06T15:14:26.050" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a tool that remote-controls a browser.  You can use it to simulate a user interacting with a web site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JUnit is a framework for writing Java unit tests.  It takes some of the grunt work out of organizing tests and generating reports.  You can express each test as a method on a class; typically, you have multiple tests per class.  JUnit will run the tests for you and report which tests passed and which failed.  If you need to write tests for a web site, you might use JUnit tests that call Selenium APIs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ant is a tool for building software.  You describe a project in an XML file, and then Ant will use that description to build the software for you.  For example, it might compile your Java source code into class files and then combine those class files with some HTML files and some Javascript files into a WAR file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JScover is a tool for determining code coverage.  A code coverage tool can help you understand which parts of your code are getting exercised by your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T15:14:26.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7754" CreationDate="2014-03-06T21:58:36.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You probably want to follow the Jenkins tutorial. Here is a good one. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vogella.com/tutorials/Jenkins/article.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vogella.com/tutorials/Jenkins/article.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7158" LastActivityDate="2014-03-06T21:58:36.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7910" CreationDate="2014-03-07T03:42:55.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of this comes from Wikipedia and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itu.dk/people/brabrand/UFPE/Data-Flow-Analysis/static.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;these lecture notes&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed_point_%28mathematics%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; defines a fixed point this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In mathematics, a fixed point [...] of a function is an element of the function's domain that is mapped to itself by the function. [...] That is to say, c is a fixed point of the function f(x) if and only if f(c) = c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, for the function f(x) = x*x, 0 and 1 are fixed points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One form of static analysis is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_flow_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;control flow analysis&lt;/a&gt;.  In control flow analysis, you derive a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_flow_graph&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;control flow graph&lt;/a&gt; (CFG) of the program, and then you analyze the CFG to deduce things, e.g. whether a variable is still live at a certain statement, or whether a variable is always initialized by the time it reaches a certain statement.  Based on what you want to deduce, you define a set of functions in terms of the CFG, and then you solve the functions using a fixed point algorithm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The lecture notes give the example of analyzing &lt;em&gt;liveness&lt;/em&gt;: for each point in the program, which variables defined before that point have a value that is read at that point or in some later point.  For example, consider this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1: a = 4&#xA;2: b = 5&#xA;3: c = a+b&#xA;4: d = 3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The live variables for each statement are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(1) none&#xA;(2) a (a was defined in statement 1 and read in statement 3)&#xA;(3) a,b (a and b are read in statement 3)&#xA;(4) none&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider this program with a loop:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var x,y,z;&#xA;x = input;&#xA;while (x&amp;gt;1) {&#xA;  y = x/2;&#xA;  if (y&amp;gt;3) x = x-y;&#xA;  z = x-4;&#xA;  if (z&amp;gt;0) x = x/2;&#xA;  z = z-1;&#xA;}&#xA;output x;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The control flow graph looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wDB6c.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the live variables for each statement?  Using the rules stated in the lecture notes, here are the equations to solve:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[var x,y,z;] = [x=input] \ {x, y, z}&#xA;[x=input] = [x&amp;gt;1] \ {x}&#xA;[x&amp;gt;1] = ([y=x/2] ∪ [output x]) ∪ {x}&#xA;[y=x/2] = ([y&amp;gt;3] \ {y}) ∪ {x}&#xA;[y&amp;gt;3] = [x=x-y] ∪ [z=x-4] ∪ {y}&#xA;[x=x-y] = ([z=x-4] \ {x}) ∪ {x,y}&#xA;[z=x-4] = ([z&amp;gt;0] \ {z}) ∪ {x}&#xA;[z&amp;gt;0] = [x=x/2] ∪ [z=z-1] ∪ {z}&#xA;[x=x/2] = ([z=z-1] \ {x}) ∪ {x}&#xA;[z=z-1] = ([x&amp;gt;1] \ {z}) ∪ {z}&#xA;[output x] = [exit] ∪ {x}&#xA;[exit] = {}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;[X]&lt;/code&gt; denotes the set of variables that are live at statement [X], &lt;code&gt;∪&lt;/code&gt; is the union operator, &lt;code&gt;{}&lt;/code&gt; denotes a set, and &lt;code&gt;\&lt;/code&gt; is the set difference operator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can solve those equations using a fixed point algorithm.  You can imagine how you might solve this by hand; everywhere that you see [some-statement] on the right hand side of an equation, you would substitute the definition of [some-statement].  You might do that iteratively, substituting until eventually all of the equations have nothing but sets (and no [some-statement]) on their right-hand sides.  That's essentially what the fixed point algorithm does.  The function is the set of equations, and the fixed point is the point where performing substitution on the equations no longer causes them to change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, the answer for the above problem is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[entry] = {}&#xA;[var x,y,z;] = {}&#xA;[x=input] = {}&#xA;[x&amp;gt;1] = {x}&#xA;[y=x/2] = {x}&#xA;[y&amp;gt;3] = {x, y}&#xA;[x=x-y] = {x, y}&#xA;[z=x-4] = {x}&#xA;[z&amp;gt;0] = {x, z}&#xA;[x=x/2] = {x, z}&#xA;[z=z-1] = {x, z}&#xA;[output x] = {x}&#xA;[exit] = {}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read the lecture notes, you can see how you might use that answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of us will never write fixed point algorithms, much less static analysis tools, and so I won't try describe practical ways to find the fixed point in static analysis.  The more important point -- and perhaps the point of the book you mentioned -- is that (1) fixed point algorithms are tools for performing static analysis and (2) you can use static analysis to find bugs in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-03-07T03:50:01.230" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T03:50:01.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7959" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-07T07:39:22.380" Score="2" ViewCount="30191" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to run Keyword if Element is visible. E.g I want to check that if a button is visible on the page then run particular Keyword.&#xA;Below is my code.&#xA;Create button is Keyword and want to run if CreateButton is visible on the page otherwise not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Create Button&#xA;    Sleep    10s&#xA;    Click Element    ${CreateButton}&#xA;&#xA;Create Case with Subject&#xA;    Sleep    15s&#xA;    ${CreateButtonVisible} =    Page Should Contain Element    ${CreateButton}&#xA;    Run keyword If    ${CreateButtonVisible}    Create Button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6055" LastEditorUserId="41012" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T22:15:58.393" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T22:15:58.393" Title="How to use Run Keyword If in Robot Framework" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;flash-selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7960" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-07T11:03:05.987" Score="0" ViewCount="837" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Java to automate testcases using WebDriver. As for now I was using Selenium IDE. I have a scenario. In date picker on selecting  date, based on the current date and time-future timeslots will be displayed for booking appointments. If current date and time is march 7-2PM, after selecting date, timeslots will apper after 2PM like 2.15,3 etc.. In IDE, I used the locator as &lt;code&gt;//div[4]/ul/li[2]/a&lt;/code&gt;. This picks the first item in the list everytime. But when I use the same in WebDriver, only 1 time, it picks the slot. The second time it fails. Any suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2015-05-06T14:02:38.803" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T14:02:38.803" Title="Why does my xPath locator only work once?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7959" CreationDate="2014-03-07T11:35:15.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the example of &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.googlecode.com/hg/doc/libraries/BuiltIn.html?r=2.6.1#Run%20Keyword%20If&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RF keywords&lt;/a&gt; list, you should write the condition, in your case should be &lt;code&gt;${CreateButtonVisible} == 'PASS'&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Run Keyword If  ${CreateButtonVisible} == 'PASS'    Create Button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3025" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T13:04:27.090" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T13:04:27.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7962" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-07T11:47:52.070" Score="1" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I am new to TestNG, I would like to request you guys to please give me a brief about @Listeners. If possible please provide a dummy code of the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7140" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-09T09:57:12.340" LastActivityDate="2014-03-09T09:57:12.340" Title="Can any one explain me about how / where to use Listeners in TestNG?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2014-03-09T12:42:21.990" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7960" CreationDate="2014-03-07T12:26:33.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't understand the 'it works the first time but not the second time' portion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A way to handle this would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; items = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;ul li&quot;));&#xA;if ( items.size() &amp;gt; 0 ) {&#xA;  for ( WebElement we: items ) {&#xA;   System.out.println( we.getText() );&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The XPath method would be a better way to handle it though. What would be changing from the first to the second etc etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2015-05-05T12:44:08.427" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T12:44:08.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7851" CreationDate="2014-03-07T12:48:22.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can export recorded Selenium scripts to different programming languages. This means you can add all kind of logic during runtime (in your programming language of choice).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could get the browser version and do different actions depending on what version is returned, see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12556163/get-browser-version-using-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12556163/get-browser-version-using-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After your tests are setup and are running locally you could setup a Selenium Grid to run against different browsers (which might not be available local) and in parallel on multiple systems to speed the test run, but you can also run your tests on your computer against different/multiple browsers, see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16076971/running-selenium-webdriver-test-cases-against-multiple-browsers&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16076971/running-selenium-webdriver-test-cases-against-multiple-browsers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would avoid the extra complexity of the Grid until you get everything working on your local system. I would start using the grid if you want to run your tests from an automated build system or against browsers your local computer cannot support, for example to test crossplatform against different operating systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T12:48:22.703" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7182" CreationDate="2014-03-07T14:46:20.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like you did not define Java. Please add JAVA_HOME to .bashrc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-03-11T08:13:47.067" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T08:13:47.067" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="353" CreationDate="2014-03-07T14:51:33.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may be interested in nativate test framework from Google - UIAutomator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does not need source code of apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to work with pre-installed app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to work with several apps in one test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work faster than Robotium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy UI viewer where you may see structure of app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-07T14:51:33.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7967" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-07T23:38:21.377" Score="1" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently automated reports run on recurring monitors based on user encounters. At the start the automated errors were for the most part useless because there were 400 low priority bugs, 50 major, two important, and one critical. While users would show 20 low priority, 40 major, 15 important, and 20 critical errors. More specifically, errors reported from users and monitors would produce the same report. Example: User3's automated report encounters first then maybe 5 minutes later user3 will show the same report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some of the best practices/methods to normalize these reports and delimit redundancy?&#xA;I've considered running a QA team through it then use one run auditing based on&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Category&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Description&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Date&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Error Code&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Included Image&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Objects&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Tags&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7168" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T18:14:25.710" Title="What are the leading policies on limiting bug reporting redundancy?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7970" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-08T16:40:14.110" Score="1" ViewCount="608" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working with a Cucumber suite that needs refactoring and organization. The end goal is to have a maintainable suite of tests that matter enough that developers will stop if the cucumber tests are red on CI. The features and steps need to be organized and clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking specifically for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-Cucumber centric books relating to test planning.&#xA;-Books about using OOP principles in ruby&#xA;-Katas and hands on exercises set up for Cucumber... similar to the Gilded Rose Kata.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use watir-webdriver, page-object, factory girl, and lots of other OAuth gems, but I'm also needing to make some support code. An agile coach on the team has recommended test driving the support code with RSpec, so I'm also interested in that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions are welcome!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7172" LastActivityDate="2014-03-09T14:43:32.087" Title="Best resources for learning Ruby/Cucumber/Rspec test suite organization and refactoring" Tags="&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-03-10T19:44:34.723" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-09T00:38:28.043" Score="1" ViewCount="3247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new to the world of QA and selenium. I have been trying to create a number of tests to run and cannot seem to get the commands to work properly on one specific drop down. When I execute the commands individually I am able to get the command in question to input a value correctly and then move onto the next command. This has been fairly frustrating because an error will appear that states that the id I am specifying does not exist but when I execute the command by itself, it the value populates. Also the element ID does indeed exist in DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The id in question is name=braintree_basic[cc_type].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm starting to think that there is a lag time with something loading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC &quot;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN&quot; &quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head profile=&quot;http://selenium-ide.openqa.org/profiles/test-case&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=UTF-8&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link rel=&quot;selenium.base&quot; href=&quot;http://kolin.test.chalkfly.com&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;title&amp;gt;New Test&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table cellpadding=&quot;1&quot; 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button.button&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;select&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=cc_type_braintree_basic&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label=Visa&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;name=form_submit&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=cc_number_braintree_basic&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;4111111111111111&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;select&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=cc_expiration_month_braintree_basic&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label=03 - March&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;select&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=cc_expiration_year_braintree_basic&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label=2016&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=cc_cvn_braintree_basic&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;123&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7174" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T11:17:50.443" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T05:42:38.183" Title="SeleniumIDE - Timing issue with dropdown" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7888" CreationDate="2014-03-09T13:39:36.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some good answers here already. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm going to try to take a slightly different angle: it sounds to me as if you're questioning the risk assessment of your test team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, &quot;it's the same code&quot; can be a valid reason not to re-test something. It can also be that &lt;em&gt;the code written by your team&lt;/em&gt; is exactly the same, but when deployed to a different environment, possibly with different libraries, with things running on multiple servers instead of one, talking to various third-party sites directly instead of mocked out, your deployment is flaky, etc - that it will behave differently. So, as others have pointed out, there can be various good reasons to re-test. The important question is, how do you figure out whether the risk is worth the cost?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I decide whether I need to re-test something in a staging environment, these are some of the questions I ask to help me figure out risks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What environment differences are there, &lt;em&gt;that we know of&lt;/em&gt;, between test and staging?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this particular area (or areas that might affect this one) different? If we're not sure - how likely do we think it is that it'll be affected?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How important is this particular functionality? What's the worst that could happen, if I don't retest and it doesn't work? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whose opinions did I ask for the previous questions? Did I miss someone important?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(MOST IMPORTANT) What other tests would I not get time to run, if I do this testing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much visibility do you have of their decision making? How much do they have of yours? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think they may be making the wrong decisions, or you just don't understand why they're making those decisions, I would first suggest you try an informal chat with them to understand what affects their assessment of risk, before offering any suggestions or criticisms. It may be that it doesn't make sense because it's political, not technical (tread carefully if that might be the case). It might be that there are issues you aren't aware of. It might be that things that are very easy for you to check, aren't easy or aren't visible at all to them - and you could help out there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2014-03-09T13:39:36.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7970" CreationDate="2014-03-09T14:43:32.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The book Cucumber and Cheese seems to fit the bill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/cucumber_and_cheese&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://leanpub.com/cucumber_and_cheese&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-03-09T14:43:32.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-10T00:09:11.147" Score="1" ViewCount="2073" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have installed firefox 14 and has firefox &lt;strong&gt;portable&lt;/strong&gt; version 25.0.1 on the machine, where I run tests for a web site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to a limitation in the site I'm testing, I cannot run my tests on firefox 14 installation. Also I cannot upgrade the firefox 14 installation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm looking into a solution where I can use this portable firefox version instead of the installed firefox 14 version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I force selenium to use this portable version and not the installed version?If someone could direct me to some descriptive article/blog that would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: python is the used language&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7177" LastActivityDate="2014-03-16T09:09:44.473" Title="Force selenium to use the portable firefox application" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7977" CreationDate="2014-03-10T02:32:08.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you instantiate Selenium set the full path to the Firefox install you want to use instead of just using &quot;firefox&quot; which will use the defaul path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  def setUp(self):&#xA;       self.selenium = selenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*firefox C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla&#xA;       self.selenium.start()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T02:32:08.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7967" CreationDate="2014-03-10T11:52:22.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not aware of any standard methods for determining which bug reports are duplicates. That said, the method I use works more or less this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Group and categorize&lt;/strong&gt; - I start by looking at where in the application the problem occurs and what kind of problem it is. It helps here to have some knowledge of the source code: if you know that problem X occurs with a shared component, you can reasonably group reported problems with similar reproduction and results as duplicates (for instance, a shared list view that errors out on sorting by ID no matter where the list is viewed may report as multiple issues via an automated tool but a human who knows the list view is shared will treat it as a single issue). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flag duplicates&lt;/strong&gt; - How you do this will depend on your issue tracking and reporting system. Most of them have some method of flagging a duplicate. Most places I've worked the norm is to close the duplicates after flagging them, but that's a procedural thing. The important part is to link all of the duplicates in some fashion so that it's clear they are duplicates.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flag child/related issues&lt;/strong&gt; - often a problem will be related to another problem in some way. For instance, a bug that allows a user to save records with invalid data will cause problems where another part of the system is using the data. An automated reporting tool will generally report these as separate issues, but they're not, strictly speaking, duplicates. As an example, if an invalid date of birth can be saved, and the module that sends a birthday reminder doesn't have handling for invalid birth dates, there'll be errors for the record with the invalid date of birth. These two issues should be related in the issue tracking system, but they're not duplicates. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consolidate similar issues&lt;/strong&gt; - This is more of a convenience than a duplicate reduction tactic. As a general rule, minor GUI/interaction problems that an automated system will report as separate issues can be consolidated for convenience when they're all occurring on the same form/component/page. For instance, I'll typically list all the spelling errors and layout problems on a single screen/form/page as a single issue because they'll all be fixed and tested in a single pass and it saves on administrative time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There'll always be a judgment factor, and you'll never eliminate all the duplicates, but this is a way to help limit redundancy and duplicate issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T11:52:22.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7982" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-10T17:27:00.587" Score="3" ViewCount="18178" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use to develop test cases in the traditional way by defining the following for each test senario:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case name. “View Current Transaction”&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pre-condition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Valid “Username &amp;amp; password”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The system is up and running&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Case Steps&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login to the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on “manage account”&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on “view current transactions”&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected Results&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The system should display the user transactions starting from the most recent one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I have to create separate test case for any exceptional scenario such as ; when a transaction failed, transaction require approval , etc….&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above approach will work fine , but it require a lot of time and the test cases document will be very large (depending on the project size of-course).&#xA;So is this the right approach to document test cases ? or there is a more agile approach which lead to the same results but in less time and efforts ?&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7188" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-10T17:44:00.853" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T13:49:18.947" Title="Writing Test cases in an agile approach" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7967" CreationDate="2014-03-10T18:14:25.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you appear to be asking is if there is an &lt;em&gt;automated&lt;/em&gt; way to reduce redundant defect reports before a human reviews them. First, look at the opportunity costs associated with that approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How much time does it take a person to review each report and perform an initial triage? For a person familiar with the existing defects, product function, and code structure (ie, an experienced tester), that should take much less than a minute for each report. That estimate includes a quick search of your tracking system for key terms to identify duplicates.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For those reported issues that are more involved, intermittent, or unclear to a human, I doubt that an algorithm can be created that will accurately identify those issues faster.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now consider the impact of overlooking a serious, unidentified issue that (on the surface) appears to be a duplicate and is subsequently mis-categorized in your tracking system. Even if it is left open, it will probably be closed out of hand as a duplicate when the primary issue is closed. As a result, that initial classification is critical.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your defect backlog is so massive or your defect reports are structured such that duplicate searches take several minutes and are inconclusive, then I would suggest working on improving that instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-10T18:14:25.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7982" CreationDate="2014-03-10T20:43:06.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on the quality requirements of the project and the maturity of its user stories. If the test has to be done once by the same person who has written the test cases, then documenting the test case steps would not be essential or indespensable. &#xA;On the other hand, a project requiring different phases of regression testing over a long period of time with frequent deliveries especially involving multiple testers, needs your methodology. &#xA;Each bug is linked to its test case which is linked to its corresponding user story. &#xA;Based on the test case result and its linked bugs, the status of the user story can be concluded to know if it is shippable or not.&#xA;The test case also documents the behaviour of the product so that it would be easy to check the various scenarios while introducing a change requirement.&#xA;The effort and the quality of the test suite thus depends on how much quality is and shall be invested to ship the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-11T05:44:05.157" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T05:44:05.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7985" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-11T06:04:31.390" Score="5" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm starting a new QA engineering internship and I've been tasked with automation tests. I was going through the documentation for selenium and testNG and it seems straightforward and easy to pickup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing I find difficult is becoming familiar with the application that's being tested. There are always so many different methods and classes that make up an application that, unless you wrote it yourself from scratch, it would be difficult to know what methods are available, which ones to use, etc. At least in my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I've always noticed experience software engineers coming in, spend a few days, and they're able to develop new features, automation tests, etc... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I was wondering if there are any tips on how to get acquainted with the in(s) and out(s) of an application quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I asked one of the experience Software Test Engineer and he said it's helpful to know how the application works manually first. But even then, to me, it would seem to take awhile to learn the application, then figure out what methods/class relate to a specific action within  - which again, could take quite a bit of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have some helpful input on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7190" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T14:42:23.323" Title="Getting up to speed quickly with automation tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7494" CreationDate="2014-03-11T08:26:46.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to write tests with pre-installed apps use UIAutomator testing framework from Google: &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/tools/help/uiautomator/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://developer.android.com/tools/help/uiautomator/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T08:26:46.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7982" CreationDate="2014-03-11T08:29:16.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Agile testers should assist their Product Owner with writing &lt;em&gt;Acceptance Criteria&lt;/em&gt; in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_story&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;user stories&lt;/a&gt;. If you write scenario's in &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/gherkin.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gherkin&lt;/a&gt; you can create manual test cases that match your four criteria of a test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Scenario: Some action (1. Name)&#xA;    Give I am logged in (2. Pre-condition)&#xA;     And I setup something else&#xA;    When I do some action (3. Test case steps)&#xA;     And I click somewhere&#xA;    Then I get some result (4. Expected results)&#xA;     And I verify there are no errors&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I love the Cucumber framework as you can re-use your cases as automated tests, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cukes.info/&lt;/a&gt; or read the Cucumber book for starters &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main reason to write Scenario's upfront (before development) is to get the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/news/2011/03/agile-feedback-loops&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;feedback loop&lt;/a&gt; started as soon as possible. By writing down high level cases your Product Owner is forced to think about its user stories. Although I see added value in a manual test suite, I would push for an automated suite of tests instead, since you want feedback as soon as possible and the team should not want to wait for the QA team to finish their testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask yourself, how can I (as a tester) help the team getting the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_%28software_development%29#Product_backlog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PBI&lt;/a&gt; done and deliverable within the iteration, instead of testing after the development team is done and giving feedback after some days or weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/specification-by-example.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/specification-by-example.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T13:49:18.947" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T13:49:18.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-03-11T09:56:46.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends from software development branch you want to come. But I suggest you to learn Java because this is one of the most popular language at nowadays (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html&lt;/a&gt;). If you will learn Java you shall develop tests for Desktop, Web and Android. Also I suggest you to learn Python, Shell, Javascript - they are easy to learn and a lot of application may to use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-03-11T11:22:02.140" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T11:22:02.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7985" CreationDate="2014-03-11T10:06:11.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Know your use cases, your SW test engineer is right in that. As soon as you know what the application does, you can identify and focus on the relevant snipets of HTML/JS (I guess so from your mention of selenium).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7150" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T10:06:11.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-03-11T10:15:24.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are looking into Selenium (as a test framework) start with Java, because Googling on &quot;Selenium/Webdriver issue description&quot; will often result in Java examples that you can re-use. There is just more people doing Selenium with Java then Python. Also Selenium it-self is mainly written in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a project I would learn the language the application (under test) is written in. As a tester your are often not a hardcore programmer, thus if you need assistance with the test automation its ideal if the team can help you in a language they use on a daily basis and have the most experience with. This will also increase the adoption and extension of your tests by the developers, they will have to maintain/extend the tests in the end probably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your learning preference is from books I suggest &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/71672.Thinking_in_Java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thinking in Java&lt;/a&gt;&quot; each chapter has great programming challenges to make sure you understand and can apply the theory. Also it explains everything in great detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Also Java looks a lot C++ and thus also C#. If you look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the most popular languages&lt;/a&gt; the C derivatives are most popular. Learning Java will make it easier to switch to other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T11:06:56.707" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T11:06:56.707" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7985" CreationDate="2014-03-11T11:39:19.087" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no one true way to do this, but there are some common things you can do to get an overview of the system you're working with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach is to start with a series of questions (not in any particular order)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who&lt;/strong&gt; - who is the application intended for? Knowing who the users are tells you a lot about how they're likely to want to use the software and what parts of it they're going to use most.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; - what does the software do? What's it's main function? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; - and how often does it do what it should do? The tests you'll want for software that's needs to be available all the time is different than what you'd do for something likely to get occasional use. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why&lt;/strong&gt; - why is the software needed? This does overlap somewhat with what it does, but the difference here is that there's a reason the application exists, and that reason is going to guide your strategy. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where&lt;/strong&gt; - where is the software used? This doesn't just cover whether it's business or consumer software, it also covers things like is it web-based or desktop-based, will it be running over a LAN or WAN or will it be self-contained, and so forth. The environment - software, hardware, and human - tells you a lot about the conditions the application will need to handle, which in turn tells you where to focus your testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After I get the overview (the 10,000 foot view - as if you're 10k feet above the ground looking down) the next thing I do is explore the application with frequent reference to the user documentation, use cases, user stories, and requirements. At this point I'm not looking at classes, methods, or actions. I'm looking at how a typical user would interact with the system. If you're lucky, the application itself is self-documenting and you can figure most of it out from the user interface. If you're not (which can often be the case with business-to-business software and specialized software) you have to dig deeper to figure it out. The goal here is to figure out the area of the system that will give the best bang for buck when automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I've got a handle on that, it's time to start exploring the system with the automation tool. In the case of Selenium and TestNG, if you're working with a web application there's looking at the generated web page source for elements to hook into, as well as deciding on your framework - whether you're going to have a whole lot of granular tests strung together to form a pathway through the system, how you're going to handle dependencies between modules, how you're going to deal with balancing test code duplication and the need to keep tests independent (this doesn't have to be an issue with Selenium or TestNG, but with some of the big box tools it's very easy for it to become a major problem).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Then&lt;/em&gt; I start actually building coded automation. Usually the first thing I'll automate is logging in for the simple reason that just about everything I've tested requires the user to be logged in to do anything. From there, I'll start building test suites that cover the most common pathways through the application: log in and sell stuff, log in and run report X, log in and... whatever. At this point (anything from 1-2 days after I first encounter the software to a year or more later) I don't expect to be getting everything or even close to it. The goal is to get &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt; which I and others can add to later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only other thing I'd suggest is looking at why you're automating. The usual reason is for regression testing, but there are other uses for automation, including building helper scripts to take care of tedious manual tasks, harnesses to run a common set of actions so you can work from there, performing the same task multiple times (I've built quick and dirty automation to do things like run and exit an application hundreds of times to try to track down an intermittent on-shut-down error, create thousands of products in order to test a receipt overflow, create thousands of transactions to test a payment processor hard limit to the number of transactions it could process in a batch, slightly less dirty ones for things like archiving log files on a daily basis so I didn't have to deal with waiting half an hour for a multiple GB log file to open, and so forth).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T11:39:19.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2014-03-11T11:48:29.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is some documentation for Selenium as for each particular language it accepts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/index.html?overview-summary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaDoc&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/rb/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruby Docs&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/py/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Python Docs&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/dotnet/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;.Net docs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These should help you get a start with Selenium in each language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://pythonconquerstheuniverse.wordpress.com/2009/10/03/python-java-a-side-by-side-comparison/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;detailed comparison&lt;/a&gt; between Java and Python. It explains how Python is typically more concise than Java, which is very true. With Python you are likely to end up with far less code. This can be a huge benefit and make it far easier to learn Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Personal Preference&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to choose between Python or Java I would likely choose Java. It just has a better future and is more likely to be what is being used by the system than Python. Also it is, in my opinion, a lot easier to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to choose between all languages, I would likely suggest Perl for software testing. A lot of testing has to do with verification and strings, Perl is likely the best languages for this. Also, get started with regular expression as quickly as possible, it will pay off big time. And since Regular Expression's basics transfers throughout the majority of the programming languages it will give you a huge advantage over a lot of the other testers in the market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately it depends on what your attempting to accomplish. Do you want to be great at your job or do you want an impressive resume? I can list 9 programming languages on my resume since I dabble in a lot of them for different situations. If I need to do a lot of String parsing, I choose Perl. If I need a quick script, Python. Something more advanced, Java. And since my company seems to love ASP for all of their QA stuff, when I need to update our internal QA sites, it's usually ASP.Net. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-07-22T14:41:18.283" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T14:41:18.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7985" CreationDate="2014-03-11T14:42:23.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What helped me familiarize with the application on which I'm working, was having a local repository of the application, and i ran it locally on my machine. So when I needed to know something about validations or conditions I would just debug or look at the code. This might not be the fastest way to learn the app but eventually you will. &#xA;You can also ask for some documentation of the app (requirements, UML), as that will give you a better idea of what the application does and on how to test it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6921" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T14:42:23.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7997" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="7998" CreationDate="2014-03-11T15:33:29.273" Score="3" ViewCount="393" Body="&lt;p&gt;For our current software product some of our enterprise clients want to run &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_testing#User_acceptance_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Acceptance Testing&lt;/a&gt; on their own acceptance environment. To help them get started we have setup an UAT testing suite which we deliver as a base set of tests for our products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions is, what are the best practises for setting up UAT tests for larger software products?&#xA;Of-course this depends on what the end-client wants, but sure there are some good guidelines to get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some challenges that come to mind are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What level of detail do you describe in the steps. Full detail or short-hand?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Left click on the [Refresh] button&quot; versus just &quot;Click [Refresh]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Every feature versus high level work-flow walk-through only: Our current suite feels more as a system regression test as it tests every combination possible. Personally I think end-users should just test their main work-flow and see if the product still fits their needs. Thus I would want to supply them with end-to-end test cases which represents a realistic way working instead.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How much effort can you expect from clients: Test coverage versus time investment&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Prior knowledge: Should anyone (even without knowledge of the application) be able to run the suite or should we expect a basic training first&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Random data or exact steps: We have a basic testing data set, often we describe to pick a random item to test the steps. This sometimes leads to extra thinking and extra time investment, its easier to just follow clear steps, but more effort to setup the suite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-03-11T15:43:55.523" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:08:14.183" Title="UAT Best practises | Level of detail" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="7998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7997" CreationDate="2014-03-11T15:55:54.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you say - 'it depends' but a few comments from my experiences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you supply exact steps and data then what is the point of UAT? You might as well get your testers to run the scripts. I'd rather give the users some training on the system and give them scenarios to follow - which will have been developed with their input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should anyone be able to run the suite without knowledge? Again, depends on the app - if it requires domain knowledge then why would you expect anyone to run it? It won't happen when the system goes live.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll likely run into problems getting hold of people to run the tests - the ones with full deep domain knowledge are also the people likely to be in demand for their 'normal' jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talk with your users and see what their expectations and requirements are - usually, they will be OK with just running the main workflows especially if you've explained what another testing has been happening and how much time and effort would be involved with them running all cases. Adding in some exception cases so they can see how the system handles it can sometimes help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:08:14.183" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:08:14.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="7999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-11T17:32:46.103" Score="1" ViewCount="863" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get a list of all the links that follow a certain rule ( their href is &lt;code&gt;Downloads.aspx?&amp;lt;somestring&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Note: I'm using Selenium IDE, the Firefox plugin for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to get the links, I use this code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;/DownloadsHome.aspx&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeXpathCount&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;xpath=//a[contains(@href,'Download.aspx')]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;links&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;links : ${links}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeAttribute&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//a[contains(@href,'Download.aspx')][1]@href&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;tmpHref&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${tmpHref}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeAttribute&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//a[contains(@href,'Download.aspx')][3]@href&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;tmpHref2&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${tmpHref2}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the result for &lt;code&gt;${links}&lt;/code&gt; is 301 and I get the correct result for &lt;code&gt;${tmpHref}&lt;/code&gt; but for anything other than &lt;code&gt;//a[contains(@href,'Download.aspx')][1]@href&lt;/code&gt; I get &lt;code&gt;[error] Element //a[contains(@href,'Download.aspx')][&amp;lt;number&amp;gt;] not found&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea what I'm doing wrong ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7197" LastEditorUserId="1402" LastEditDate="2014-03-18T04:08:00.553" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T04:08:00.553" Title="Parsing xpath results in selenium ide" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7936" CreationDate="2014-03-11T17:34:28.617" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Saucelabs&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingbot.com/features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestingBot&lt;/a&gt; provide a service which records your Selenium tests if you run them against their Selenium Grid. Both offer a number of free minutes per month, which might suffice your needs. You can view/download the video's straight after the test run is finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I don't know how their setup works, I think I can give you some idea's how to create something similar in your local environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start your test run from a build server (&lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; for example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let the build server start a Selenium server on the test node&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let the build server start a screen recorder on the test node (&lt;a href=&quot;http://opensource.about.com/od/tutorials/ss/How-To-Capture-A-Screencast-Using-Vlc_6.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;With VLC&lt;/a&gt; for example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start and run your (Java based) Selenium test against the test node&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop the recording on the test node&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy the recording to the build server so you can access it later on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this you will need some infrastructure (servers) and some scripts to tie everything together, but its certainly not undoable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;take a screensho&lt;/a&gt;t after each step/action and &lt;a href=&quot;https://superuser.com/questions/249101/how-can-i-combine-30-000-images-into-a-timelapse-movie&quot;&gt;combine those screenshots into a video&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T17:40:25.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7871" CreationDate="2014-03-11T18:39:48.190" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First:&lt;/strong&gt; You need to remove the &lt;em&gt;javascript{}&lt;/em&gt; part. The runScript option just accepts plain Javascript, no need for the extra syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example usage of the runScript (as seen in the Selenium IDE source tab): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;http://www.google.com&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;runScript&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;document.getElementById('gbqfq').value='test'&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just ran this on my Firefox Selenium IDE and it works, please verify that this indeed works. Its should fill in &quot;test&quot; in the google search box. This should mean you can execute JavaScript from the IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second:&lt;/strong&gt; I think you need to be able to access the variable you want to update/set.&#xA;This can be hard if the IDE cannot acces its &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/500431/javascript-variable-scope&quot;&gt;scope&lt;/a&gt; directly. Maybe you or the developers can add a Global function to the page so you can call it with &quot;functionName();&quot; also see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9354191/calling-custom-functions-from-firebug-console&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9354191/calling-custom-functions-from-firebug-console&lt;/a&gt; for more idea's on calling functions from the browser console (or the runScript command, which is comparable)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to practise/test run the commands from &lt;a href=&quot;http://getfirebug.com/commandline&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Firefox console&lt;/a&gt; before you add them to your Selenium scripts, since this can be hard to debug from the IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T18:39:48.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6612" CreationDate="2014-03-11T18:59:11.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;SeleniumIDE handles JavaScript alerts by not showing them at all. The problem is that this button and alert is generated in an iFrame, thus the resulting error message is also in the iFrame and cannot be handled unless it has focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium handles iFrame as a sort of window, you first need to select it to interact with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try these steps to verify it does indeed work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;http://www.w3schools.com/js/tryit.asp?filename=tryjs_alert2&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;selectFrame&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=iframeResult&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;xpath=//button&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Result is an message in the IDE console, instead of an JavaScript alertbox: &lt;strong&gt;[error] Error: There was an unexpected Alert! [Hello How are you?]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read this about handling javascript alerts with the Selenium IDE: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14788118/selenium-ide-how-to-handle-java-script-alerts-and-confirmations&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14788118/selenium-ide-how-to-handle-java-script-alerts-and-confirmations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T08:35:18.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6947" CreationDate="2014-03-11T20:05:21.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to use the solutions outlined in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/6129464/719165&quot;&gt;this similar question on StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;element = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;fileUpload&quot;)&#xA;element.send_keys(&quot;myfile.txt&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should allow you to interact with the file upload without automating the dialog box. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do need to interact with the dialog box, you'll need to use another library, as the dialog box is a Windows component and Selenium does not understand how to interact with Windows components, only with web pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T20:05:21.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6062" CreationDate="2014-03-11T20:28:28.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Last year I wrote a blog post about similar issues I had: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vanreijmersdal.nl/577/creating-a-maintainable-selenium-2-grid-setup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vanreijmersdal.nl/577/creating-a-maintainable-selenium-2-grid-setup/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finish all the tests (Put Jenkins in shutdown mode to prevent starting of new tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shutdown hub (with lifecycle manager)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Daily reboot your nodes (auto start server on boot)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Place all the executables/scripts on a central file share (for easy updating)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Restart hub and take Jenkins out of shutdown mode&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The post does not handle the browser updates, but a lot has been written already about updating software on computers with packaging systems. For example &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.windows-noob.com/forums/index.php?/topic/427-how-can-i-deploy-an-application-using-sms/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Firefox with MS SMS.&lt;/a&gt; Shouldn't be to hard to find information about this, maybe even your local IT department has experience with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end I think its cheaper to just run your tests against &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt; (USA) or &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingbot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestingBot&lt;/a&gt; (EU), because maintaining your own Grid and a lot of different browsers and operating systems can be very time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T20:28:28.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8005" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-11T22:12:27.643" Score="2" ViewCount="1006" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In an agile environment where project priorities constantly change meeting deliverables, how healthy is the situation where bugs are logged by project members other than the actual qa member who is the dedicated personnel for quality? especially where no communication is done with the qa personnel on this matter?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does this interfere with the test plan of the quality analyst? Especially if the logging method does not coincide with qa method?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does this situation increase the time invested to fix them? Especially if they are not well described with steps to reproduce?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it decrease the qa personnel's learning curve and morale on the long run? Especially if the project involves complex scenarios that need analysis and on the spot decision making?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it impede qa's test design strategies to consider unexpected behaviours for the next run?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-16T10:01:54.300" LastActivityDate="2014-03-16T10:01:54.300" Title="Who should log bugs?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-03-17T16:41:42.167" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8005" CreationDate="2014-03-11T23:53:47.827" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tend to prefer allowing anyone in any capacity to log defects on any team I am a part of.  It helps build a sense of ownership of quality in the entire team, which is as it should be, every team member regardless of role should equally own and care about quality.  It is a different story when people outside of the project team are entering defects, I would draw the line there since the quality level of those defects could potentially be much lower and you can end up spending way too much time trying to triage and chasing down issues that don't really exist.  There should be another way for other people - including customers and people on other teams who have dependencies or are dependent on your application - to provide feedback though there are a lot of options on how you handle that feedback and would probably be an entire other question/answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To keep things from getting out of control, and from losing sight of defects coming in, I typically dedicate some time every single day to defect triage.  Often, I set it up directly after stand up, so stand up finishes and we transition into defect triage which often has a few less people involved, but allows myself and the rest of the team to keep on top of defects.  Any team member who entered a defect should be required to stick around for the triage and speak to the defect that they entered and answer questions.  If a defect is missing details, or is a duplicate of an existing one, or is a misunderstanding and should be deleted, or is really a new story/feature request, we figure it out first thing in the morning.  We can also make a decision immediately about whether it is related to current story work and we need to address it in the current sprint, or if we should prioritize it in the backlog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused at how other people entering defects could/would impact the QA team's learning curve or morale?  If the QA team members are territorial and feel like they are the sole owners of quality and defects and anything related to that, then perhaps that would be the case, but I feel like you would have even larger problems if that were the case, because quality truly should be a team effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm also not sure what you mean by your question about impeding QA's test design strategies.  How would learning about unexpected behaviors in your application do anything but help your team understand how the app works, and build even better, more robust test cases around those scenarios?  The more knowledge you have about the application you are testing - especially from exploratory testing and feedback from other team members - the better equipped you will be to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-03-11T23:53:47.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8005" CreationDate="2014-03-12T09:39:22.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone who has access to the application should be able to file bugs/defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defects should be filed in a bug tracker with a status new.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New defects should be verified and extended (With at-least a reproduction path)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect should be added at the top of the backlog (Keep a no defect policy when being Agile)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Products Owners should monitor new incoming defects on their backlog and prioritize or reject as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the plannings sessions (This meeting include the whole team, including the testers of the team!) all tasks should be clarified. So everyone should be aware and understand the work for the upcoming sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a active Sprint &quot;blocking&quot; issues can be fixed adhoc, but should be put on the sprint board and the bug tracker if needed. The tasks should follow the normal processes including testing of-course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test scenarios should be added and run during the cycle of a task and be part of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1108/what-goes-in-your-definition-of-done-dod&quot;&gt;the definition of done&lt;/a&gt;, preferably they are automated to keep the cycle as short as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile environments should include everyone in all the meetings and the work should be transparent and visible. I do not understand how you could miss anything :) unless your not part of the team. Separate QA teams is NOT agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QA members of an Agile team should coach on better quality practices and identify room for improvement here, they should be the goto guy not &quot;the you do all the testing&quot; guy. Often the ratio testers vs developers is very low and thus you need to teach developers to use processes that lead to high quality software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T18:09:06.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6889" CreationDate="2014-03-12T10:23:19.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Purely in relation to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingstandard.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119&lt;/a&gt; (The New International Software Testing Standard):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/750/will-the-new-iso-iec-29119-software-testing-standard-work-with-agile-methodologi&quot;&gt;mixed opinion&lt;/a&gt; on ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119, but it does provide a versatile framework that can help/suggest structure to a QA/test team. Standards aren't everything - efficient and effective testing should be your first priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If ISO-29119 is of interest, there's a lot to read, so I would start with ISO 29119-3 (Test Documentation) to get an idea of what/why test documentation is created. Get a feel for the hierarchy/structure of test documents (when/where/why they should be created), and it might also be worth having a think about how/whether test docs could be created dynamically in your organisation (or at least via templates) to save creation time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond that, ISO 29119-2 (Test Processes) should then make more sense, and help you understand what activities you might need to consider (that you may not have previously). Personally, I find 29119-2 weighty, but it gives an indication of the procedural approach/activities involved within test processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having read and understood 29119-2 and 29119-3, the rest of the standard should be somewhat clearer and give you an idea of what changes are required within your organisation to help improve the structure of your test planning, processes and documentation. Where possible, consider your organisations existing software development practices/methodologies too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T10:27:49.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8009" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8018" CreationDate="2014-03-12T10:49:45.543" Score="0" ViewCount="2046" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to parameterize the filename textfield of CSV dataset config from other CSV dataset config.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Here is my test plan&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Plan&#xA; CSV Config1-file1&#xA; Login&#xA; LoopController&#xA;   CSV config2-file2&#xA;   Upload files&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Users will login and upload the files(Every user need to upload different files)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;file1 will have username,file path. CSV config2 'Filename' has to pick from 'file1'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried but ${csvFilename} in the filename option of CSV dataset config element,but jmeter is not evaluating the variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7202" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T16:20:32.340" Title="I want to parameterize the filename textfield of CSV dataset config" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8005" CreationDate="2014-03-12T11:57:55.630" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some thoughts here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how healthy is the situation where bugs are logged by project members&#xA;  other than the actual qa member who is the dedicated personnel for&#xA;  quality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is normal - anyone can log a bug. The team decides which bugs are in scope for the project and which need to go into the main backlog. The team decides which bugs get fixed when they're planning the next iteration/sprint/cycle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;especially where no communication is done with the qa personnel on&#xA;  this matter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not entirely sure what you mean here - if you mean that the bug gets logged without the testers confirming that it's a bug, that's normal. If you mean that the testers aren't in communication with the development team, whatever your company is doing it isn't agile (there's a lot of that - organizations adopt some of the forms of agile development but turn it into a kind of mini-waterfall or worse).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does this interfere with the test plan of the quality analyst?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a word, no. A good tester is constantly monitoring what's happening in the project anyway and adding notes to the test planning to ensure that bugs and potentially problematic interactions get covered at some point. It doesn't matter where the information comes from, and since in agile development all team members are in constant communication, the information is always available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especially if the logging method does not coincide with qa method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what you mean here - do you not have a means of tracking reported bugs that's available to people other than the test team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does this situation increase the time invested to fix them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not if you have a company-wide tracking system that explicitly asks people for the information testers and developers need to fix the bugs. What increases the time invested for a fix is a bug report that doesn't have enough information to identify the problem. &quot;It's broken&quot; is useless. &quot;I get this error (with screenshot or stack dump) when I do this (with description of the actions)&quot; is a lot easier to identify and fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especially if they are not well described with steps to reproduce?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That does increase identification and fix time - this is why a tracking system that guides people to give the information testers and developers need is a good idea. At my last position I worked with a home-grown system that had these prompts (paraphrased because I haven't been there in over a year) in the problem description section:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What actually happened?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What did you expect to happen?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why did you expect this to happen?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you reproduce the problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describe how you reproduce the problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does it decrease the qa personnel's learning curve and morale on the&#xA;  long run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. A good test team is checking reported bugs anyway and learning from them that way. It doesn't matter who reports the problem: the goal is to produce the highest quality software possible (for whichever definition of quality your organization uses) with the time and resources available to you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especially if the project involves complex scenarios that need&#xA;  analysis and on the spot decision making?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are projects that don't? Seriously, anything non-trivial is likely to involve complex scenarios and so forth. As long as everyone in the project team is communicating - and the team itself is communicating with the wider development, test, and project management teams - it doesn't matter who reports a problem. What matters is triaging it and deciding whether it needs to be fixed for the next sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does it impede qa's test design strategies to consider unexpected&#xA;  behaviours for the next run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't impede anything. It can &lt;em&gt;impact&lt;/em&gt; strategies, but it doesn't &lt;em&gt;impede&lt;/em&gt; them. A good tester has already checked the bug reports before the next round of regression or the next sprint and knows to look for the reported problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest that it sounds awfully like you don't have anything remotely agile going on here: instead your questions imply a completely isolated test team, no consistent issue reporting system, and functionally ad-hoc development - if this is the case, the first thing you want to do is to try to get more communication going, then you want to try to get one issue tracking system that everyone uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T11:57:55.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8011" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8033" CreationDate="2014-03-12T12:00:32.607" Score="0" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not familiar with e-mail but I need to test Email client for mobile platform. I suppose that there are some test engineers which can help me to define tricky use cases and well-known problems which could occur. And which articles and standards do I need to learn for better understanding? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-03-13T08:38:17.280" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T20:17:46.440" Title="Give me some tips for testing Email client mobile application" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8012" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-12T13:27:54.987" Score="5" ViewCount="1419" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; For 2.5 years, I wrote Java-based desktop software at software company A (the supplier). The software also has a server and a web component. The software was custom-built for company B (the client). After a short time not being involved, I left company A and joined company B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The software is being developed in a &lt;em&gt;scope-to-budget&lt;/em&gt; kind of way, where business analysis is done by the supplier. There is no clear list of requirements, and the relationship is very open and trusting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The problem:&lt;/strong&gt; A new module of the software is currently in its client validation phase. The client does free-testing, but is unable to provide a conclusive overview of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what has been tested; what specific test steps were used?&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Currently, it is very difficult to write a good bug report. &quot;I cliked around and suddenly: error message!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what are the zones which were not tested (due to blocking bugs), and what did we plan to test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;did we understand the functional scope correctly?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the software was developed &lt;em&gt;scope-to-budget&lt;/em&gt;, we do not even have a good overview of all features that have been developed. Currently, there is a constant back-and-forth between client and supplier. The client does free-testing, discovers a 10-odd number of bugs, some of which are blocking. The supplier then delivers a new version, after which the client does some more free-testing and discovers more bugs (some of those could have also been found in the old version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The solution:&lt;/strong&gt; I want to solve this issue by introducing Gherkin-style tests, which may or may not be automated. The goal is two-fold:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Force us (the client) to describe how we think functionality should work. This ensures we are indeed reporting bugs, and not just misunderstanding the functional scope.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make it clear how well we cover the full software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question:&lt;/strong&gt; Are there any good tools to manage Gherkin-syntax (Given-When-Then) test cases in manual client-side validation? Something which can manage Features, and all of the different scenario's? And ideally, can easily record the result of a manual testing run ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7200" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T12:15:28.970" Title="BDD in Validation: good tools?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8013" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-12T13:42:54.440" Score="0" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am searching for a tool that can generate invalid data for xml.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know data valid in one system might be invalid in other. Still some error like length, signs, repetition could be simulated. I do not found any good tool for that.&#xA;It could be generated from xml or from xsd- from my point of view this does not matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-03-12T14:33:17.793" LastActivityDate="2018-04-29T10:24:48.320" Title="Invalid xml data generator" Tags="&lt;data-quality&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6062" CreationDate="2014-03-12T13:49:02.093" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could always set timeout after which grid will lose connection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can as well update grid jars(even if not as jenkins plugin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need latest selenium drivers if your browsers update regularly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastEditorUserId="7205" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T08:59:47.890" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T08:59:47.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8015" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-12T14:24:21.053" Score="0" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm running a stress test for about 12 hours on some new hardware we just got. My new baselines look ok but one process is worse than before. Only one process is a culprit. I've tried so many variables to try to figure this out. Short of providing UMDH logs to the developer I can't figure out what's causing the memory leak. (logs are on the way to him)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've rerun the test on some other hardware and the results look great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7206" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T16:15:33.930" Title="Possible for specific hardware to cause memory leaks?" Tags="&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8015" CreationDate="2014-03-12T14:54:50.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what the software interacts with.  It's entirely possible for specific hardware to cause the software to go down an atypical path that leaks memory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T14:54:50.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8015" CreationDate="2014-03-12T16:15:33.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different platforms could very well have different results. The chipset and drivers could provide differing results.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7158" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T16:15:33.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8009" CreationDate="2014-03-12T16:20:32.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should put your &lt;code&gt;CSV config2-file2&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;as a child&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;code&gt;Upload files&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also need to provide full paths to your files either in CSV or in &quot;Send Files With The Request&quot; input. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65138-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using CSV DATA SET CONFIG&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-performance-test-upload-and-download-scenarios-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Performance Test Upload and Download Scenarios with Apache Jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T16:20:32.340" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8011" CreationDate="2014-03-12T16:29:37.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A partial answer: email rendering is very important.  Many emails, like newsletters, marketing materials, etc put a lot of effort to make their emails beautiful.  Having the HTML render properly on a mobile client takes effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One type of test is the acid test: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.email-standards.org/acid-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.email-standards.org/acid-test/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;You could also do side-by-side comparisons for many marketing emails, from well known email providers like mailchimp, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7158" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T16:29:37.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8005" CreationDate="2014-03-12T16:33:38.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the others, anyone should be able to enter bugs. One comment on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Especially if they are not well described with steps to reproduce? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the bugs being entered are not productive, I would invest some time those people to train them in the art of great bug writing.  You just might make a great tester in the end. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7158" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T16:33:38.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8012" CreationDate="2014-03-12T18:30:35.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great idea a manual test runner and reporter for &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems someone has similar ideas and put it online:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cucumbumler, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/TimWalker/cucumbumbler/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/TimWalker/cucumbumbler/wiki&lt;/a&gt; and http:// technicaldebt.com /manual-cucumber-tests/ [as of 9/9/2019 the site is infested with a trojan. If/when the site is cleaned, this edit can be reverted] - for a concept&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this doesn't work out of the box, it should not be to hard to create something similar from scratch. You can catch each Given/When/Then and let it ask a question on the console to verify &quot;did it pass?&quot; yourself, with a little bit of coding effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to cut up the test runs, because you have multiple testers in a single test run. You can let the runner output the results in JSON instead of HTML and later combine all the JSON files to create a single report with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/masterthought/cucumber-reporting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cucumber-reporting&lt;/a&gt;. I have successfully used this technique to report on parallel runs in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-09-09T12:15:28.970" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T12:15:28.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7943" CreationDate="2014-03-12T19:47:58.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.secdev.org/projects/scapy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;scapy&lt;/a&gt; which is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://python.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;python&lt;/a&gt; library that allows you to construct packets that lie about the originating IP address, (and much more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T19:47:58.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-12T20:04:48.860" Score="0" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use Virtualbox to run Windows in Ubuntu. Can it really run every OS with no problems or restrictions if my PC respects the requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And can I run it in full screen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7207" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-03-13T10:37:42.287" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T10:37:42.287" Title="Virtualbox can fully run any OS?" Tags="&lt;windows&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;&lt;virtualization&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8023" CreationDate="2014-03-12T20:43:39.937" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you can not run every OS. Mainly running &quot;Mac OS X&quot; (for example) is pretty hard, but most mainstream Operating Systems can be virtualised with VirtualBox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But to answer your questions further: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Operating Systems&lt;/strong&gt;: Yes, you can run Windows under Ubuntu. I have successfully run Windows XP/7/8 and most of the Windows Server operating systems under Virtualbox on Ubuntu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirements&lt;/strong&gt;: You will need enough harddisk space for an extra operating system, for windows around 20GB atleast. Also you will need enough spare memory, I would suggest 1GB at minimum. This also depends on the memory requirements of applications you want to run in your guest OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fullscreen&lt;/strong&gt;: Yes, VirtualBox also supports &lt;a href=&quot;https://askubuntu.com/questions/314685/is-there-a-way-to-make-a-fullscreen-on-virtualbox&quot;&gt;fullscreen under Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been using VirtualBox for testing applications for years its a great tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a SQA perspective I use it too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test applications in low memory situations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test how applications behave on different Operating Systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Throttle CPU to test applications as if it was a very slow computer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch06.html#network_bandwidth_limit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Limit network speeds&lt;/a&gt; to simulate slow network connections&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:25:25.163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T20:51:09.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6405" CreationDate="2014-03-12T21:23:05.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/facebook/php-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;php-webdriver&lt;/a&gt; project on GitHub has a function contextClick() which fires a right click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-03-12T21:23:05.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7949" CreationDate="2014-03-13T04:00:57.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used threading. I put the main thread to sleep.&#xA;and then started the child thread which was responsible for handling the textbox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;current_frame.Div(Find.ById(id)).Table(Find.ById(id)).TableCell(Find.ByClass(id)).TableCell(Find.ByClass(id)).ClickNoWait();&#xA;                  Thread.Sleep(0);&#xA;                  child_thread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);&#xA;                  child_thread.Start();&#xA;                  child_thread.Join();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;child_thread contains code for editing the textbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6881" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T04:00:57.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8028" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-13T14:59:48.243" Score="1" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;My organization would like to choose between the &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt;. I thought it better to approach this from the stand point of usage statistics, since both are open source. How do I go about doing this. I did not find any head to head comparison information when I looked it up and so I thought it better to go with usage stats. Could someone point me in the right direction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way we're a product company providing solutions for the Supply chain Management domain. We have both J2EE Web applications (flagship) and mobile applications (iOS and Android)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we're white-boxing with Groovy/testNG but there's confusion for black boxing. We're planning to use Selenium as the automation tool with either TestNG or Robot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7212" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-03-13T17:56:32.517" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T16:26:54.387" Title="How to gather usage statistics for various open source testing frameworks" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8029" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-13T15:32:24.767" Score="8" ViewCount="293320" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allLinks = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='datepicker']/div/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody[2]/tr/td[@class='' or @class='datepickerSaturday' or @class='datepickerSunday']/a/span&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; itr = allLinks.iterator();&#xA;while(itr.hasNext()) {&#xA;    System.out.println(itr.next());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to print the list elements one by one and perform some actions. But I am unable to get the value present in the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I am getting in console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[[FirefoxDriver: firefox on MAC&#xA;  (81e15827-9357-0341-9c72-5b26054f780d)] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xpath:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='datepicker']/div/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody[2]/tr/td[@class='' or @class='datepickerSaturday' or @class='datepickerSunday']/a/span]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-06-08T17:26:00.663" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T17:26:00.663" Title="How to iterate a list of WebElements and print the values one by one to perform some action" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8028" CreationDate="2014-03-13T16:13:14.753" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you want to pick the framework which has the most active development and the most documentation resources on the internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of-course you first need to check which framework fits your requirements, I would pilot all for a short while (starting with the most active one. If you have multiple candidates.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is more popular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of (recent) commits in the version control system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of contributors in the version control system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of tags on StackOverflow (Robot + RobotFramework:500 vs TestNG:1665)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of Google results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Active users on the IRC channel on irc.freenode.org&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past we have picked a slightly &quot;worse&quot; framework, because it was actively developed &#xA;compared with the single developer for the other framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other things I would look into are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the framework in a programming language your team has experience with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the framework have good test coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will make it easier to extend it in the future.&#xA;When the community does not fix a defect your are running into.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-03-19T15:18:31.490" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T15:18:31.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8029" CreationDate="2014-03-13T18:32:30.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;@sathiya: What kind of list you want to iterate (Dropdown..etc)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the method to get data from the table. Hope this will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement table = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;your path&quot;));&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows = table.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;your tagName&quot;));&#xA;java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; i = rows.iterator();&#xA;while(i.hasNext()) {&#xA;    WebElement row = i.next();&#xA;    System.out.println(row.getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For dropdown list iterate you can use below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; drop = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;customerId&quot;));&#xA;java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; i = drop.iterator();&#xA;while(i.hasNext()) {&#xA;    WebElement row = i.next();&#xA;    System.out.println(row.getText());&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="5127" LastEditDate="2014-03-16T09:08:53.923" LastActivityDate="2014-03-16T09:08:53.923" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8011" CreationDate="2014-03-13T20:17:46.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is rather vague. There are different types of email protocols, and your overall test strategy depends on which protocol(s) your client supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, some basic areas for testing email clients on a mobile device include &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setting up client on device&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compose card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List view&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send/receive Attachments,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Message encodings (Unicode support),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rendering text / attachments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how much of the msg is downloaded,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;first sync&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;other mail sync'ing options,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;search on device,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;search on server,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SSL (incoming/outgoing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conversation view&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;copy/paste&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;folders&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tagging emails&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;linked inbox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sharing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this list assumes that you are very familiar with email functionality, and email protocols.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-03-13T20:17:46.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2014-03-14T10:55:10.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to share my experience. You could try to use TestRail Test case management system. TestRail has great UI, integrates with bugtrackers, great visualazing, easy to create great test reports, has own API, could join external requirements and a lot of other nice features. Our QA team using this great tool more than 2 years and still happy. For more details: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T10:55:10.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8043" CreationDate="2014-03-14T11:02:28.963" Score="2" ViewCount="1708" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context&lt;/strong&gt;: Our desktop application communicates with a SQL server, some clients use a WAN connection to reach this SQL server.&#xA;When they complain something is very slow we ask a list of ping times to analyse the issue. After a developer fixed the issue, I want to verify that it indeed fixes the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a reported average ping time of 150ms, I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tmurgent.com/appv/index.php/87-tools/performance-tools/177-tmnetsim-quick-and-easy-network-simulation-tool&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TMNetSim&lt;/a&gt; to simulate this on my local machine with these settings:&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PBRwc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;This results in similar effects, but still the client is reporting &lt;strong&gt;a magnitude of extra seconds&lt;/strong&gt; than my local test show.&#xA;In an ideal world I would goto the client location, but since its on the other side of the world this is not really an option :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;: What information and setup do I need to get a more realistic simulation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T20:19:07.310" Title="Simulating realistic latency to a WAN SQL server" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8036" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-14T11:03:47.163" Score="3" ViewCount="613" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which lightweight load and/or performance testing frameworks could you recommend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;some considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuration with not too much coding (some JS would be okay)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;command line + text editor (without complex IDE)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTML/XML reports with simple graphics are just fine &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it should be able to handle use scenarios (not just to load the main page of the site).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to start with what I've found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://perfcake.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://perfcake.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastEditorUserId="1781" LastEditDate="2014-03-14T14:26:36.070" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T04:24:07.237" Title="Lightweight load &amp; performance testing frameworks" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8036" CreationDate="2014-03-14T11:49:50.747" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have very good experience with the open source &lt;a href=&quot;https://funkload.nuxeo.org/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FunkLoad&lt;/a&gt; for load testing web-applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has a test recorder (Uses proxy to record browser actions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generates Python code as test (You can edit it with a text editor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supports HTTP sessions and very complex scenario's (Login as users)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scales up to a large number of threads per CPU&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has a great benchmark run which generates nice reports (also HTML)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Runs from the command-line (Easy to integrate in build servers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used it to generate a thousand of simultaneous requests from a single computer.&#xA;Also I created a test to randomly fill in 250.000 times a 50 pages long web-based questionnaires over the weekend on our new test production servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-03-14T20:28:31.017" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T20:28:31.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6976" CreationDate="2014-03-14T14:16:04.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Protocol testing is a generic term used by companies working in communication industry for testing of different protocols in domains of Routing, Switching ,Wireless,VoIP,Security,Telecom etc... &#xA;Product companies like Cisco,Nortel,Juniper,Alcatel,Huawei... etc have networking devices like routers,switches,modems,wireless access-points,firewalls.. These devices uses different protocols to communicate ,for eg Cisco routers uses EIGRP,OSPF etc to exchange routing information ,so here protocol testing means checking whether EIGRP protocol and OSPF protocol are working fine as mentioned in the respective standards. &#xA;Communication protocols or Datacom protocol are different terms used for the protocol working in networking domain ,which are mentioned in TCP/IP stack (main purpose is for routing and switching information exchange. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually protocol testing is done by connecting a DUT (device under test) to other devices like routers/switches and conifiguring the protocol in it, then checking the packet structure of the packets send by the devices, checking , protocol algorithm ,their performance,scalability etc using tools like wireshark,IxNetworks,Spir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T14:16:04.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8036" CreationDate="2014-03-14T15:31:07.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do a lot of this with JMeter, and it's free.  The good thing about JMeter is that it is very commonly used and is also very powerful, so if/when you run into needing it to do more than the basics, it is ready for you to extend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a GUI interface that you can use with no coding and get most basic scenarios up and going, and you can use either BeanShell scripting language or Java to extend it.  I've had a lot of success with JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T15:31:07.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2605" CreationDate="2014-03-14T15:39:45.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the OP, via comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I got it to work. I just changed the url from *iexplore to *iexploreproxy&#xA;  in the seleniumconfig.groovy file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T15:39:45.450" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-03-14T15:39:45.450" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6065" CreationDate="2014-03-14T15:41:42.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company eventually went with &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.coldbox.org/wiki/MockBox.cfm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MockBox&lt;/a&gt;, which has somewhat better documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T15:41:42.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7420" CreationDate="2014-03-14T15:47:18.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you're approaching this in the wrong way. It's the AJAX call itself, but the fact that your page elements are not in their ready state by the time you interact with them, right? So let's solve that issue instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say you want to select an item from a dropdown, but the dropdown is populated by AJAX and you don't know if it'll be ready when you get to it. If you centralize your test steps into a helper class that can be called within the tests, your test would just call &lt;code&gt;SelectFromFooDropdown(&quot;Bar&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;. Inside the SelectFromFooDropdown method, you could then write something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;#foo option&quot;)));&#xA;new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;foo&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;Bar&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, by the time you select, you know for sure it's populated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T15:47:18.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8035" CreationDate="2014-03-14T15:58:16.977" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very common scenario.  Sometimes there are ways to increase the speed of the requests by identifying problems with the route taken, but that requires traceroute and working with network admins and internet providers and is often a bit of a black hole.  Often you can not fix the latency issues, so you need to fix your app to function as well as it can without timing out or breaking under those conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One cheap/easy suggestion: find a way to share desktop, or remote desktop to a server at the location that is having issues so you can troubleshoot more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To specifically answer your question, there is more than just latency to look at and those other things can often play a large role in overall performance in certain geographies, or with poor internet connections (Very common in parts of China and most of Europe):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;latency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;packet loss/packet corruption&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;variation/jitter (just because average is 150, doesn't mean there aren't spikes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bandwidth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of tools you can use to measure these things, here's an example of one free one:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.firewall.cx/networking-topics/general-networking/970-network-performance-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.firewall.cx/networking-topics/general-networking/970-network-performance-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have that information, then to reproduce those conditions you can plug it in to a WAN simulator such as the one you're using, however keep in mind that they are not all created equal.  The most accurate wan simulator I know of is a piece of hardware called a network nightmare:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.networknightmare.net/gigEnn/#Products&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.networknightmare.net/gigEnn/#Products&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T15:58:16.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8044" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-14T19:42:59.683" Score="0" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should a test server be hosted locally or on the internet ? What are the pros/cons? I have seen people do both.  What is best practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-03-14T22:39:28.943" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T22:50:01.970" Title="Where should a test server be hosted?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;qa-architect&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8044" CreationDate="2014-03-14T20:22:53.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should be hosted where everyone who needs to test can access it.&#xA;Important is that everyone can test in isolation, you don't want different processes or users interfering with each others tests runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you tagged this question with &quot;continuous integration&quot; I would like to add that for automated tests I love to spin up a test environment from scratch so all the tests run 100% in isolation on a clean system. Automating the bootstrap of your environment with something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vagrantup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vagrant&lt;/a&gt; could make this relatively easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most cases you want to simulate your production environment as close as possible. As a manual tester you want to get the same feeling your end-clients are having. I think reporting on usability (including how smooth it feels) is just as important as finding functional defects. So hosting your test environment in the same datacenter and on similar hardware would make sense in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro's for internet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy access&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible similar to end-users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con's against internet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Latency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T20:22:53.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8044" CreationDate="2014-03-14T22:50:01.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really comes down to overall reliability and speed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can guarantee that you have 24/7 access to your 'test server' via the Internet, with guaranteed &gt; 10Mbps download/upload speeds, and you can protect 100% from external attacks (e.g. DoS) then the Internet might be the way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if you are like most of the world that experiences inconsistent connections, periodic slow connections, etc, then an internal server might suit you better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if you are going to be doing things like fault injection then an internal server might be a better choice because you have greater control over it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have 'protected' test data or other sensitive information that you don't want folks outside your org to potentially access then an internal server might be a better choice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to emulate real users...use the same Internet services they use; don't attempt to emulate or simulate them by creating a mock service on the Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T22:50:01.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8029" CreationDate="2014-03-14T23:34:08.723" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a good example of how I select from a dropdown menu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public Boolean selectByText( String text ) {&#xA;    WebElement dropDown = driver.findElement( By.xpath( &quot;.//dropdown/path&quot; ) );&#xA;    dropDown.click();&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allOptions = dropDown.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//option&quot;));&#xA;    for ( WebElement we: allOptions) { &#xA;        dropDown.sendKeys( Keys.DOWN ); //simulate visual movement&#xA;        sleep(250);       &#xA;        if ( we.getText().contains( text ) ) select.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Value1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2014-03-14T23:34:08.723" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8049" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-15T03:39:34.783" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to automate a web page. Which has the following behaviour. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will create an application and the created application will be displayed in a table. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The table has a column named status. The status of the created application will be complete after some time. Till then the status will be processing. Or status will be error. So from processing state it can go either completed or error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if i want to check the status of the created application. How will I approach to solve this problem? I need to keep on pooling the status until it becomes completed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What will be your design approach to this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium web driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7231" LastActivityDate="2014-03-15T11:19:50.817" Title="Best way to wait till the status changes" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7072" CreationDate="2014-03-15T04:51:31.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the FOSS project I work on, Kuali, we have a separate DevOps team run by a commercial affiliate, our go forward plan is QA will do their own DevOps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2014-03-15T04:51:31.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8036" CreationDate="2014-03-15T09:32:51.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd go for JMeter as it's easy to start using. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It provides record-and-replay functionality via embedded &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP%28S%29_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt; or even from Google Chrome browser via &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/blazemeter-the-load-testi/mbopgmdnpcbohhpnfglgohlbhfongabi?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plugin&lt;/a&gt; which is even better if you're behind proxy or recording SSL traffic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has thorough &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;User Manual&lt;/a&gt;, large communities at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/jmeter&quot;&gt;stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.512774.n5.nabble.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mailing lists&lt;/a&gt;, forums and &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-tutorial-video-series&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorial video series&lt;/a&gt; which are the best place to start from.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-03-15T09:32:51.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8049" CreationDate="2014-03-15T11:19:50.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use waitforpageload option or implicitly wait options to make the page wait and after that you can make a note that it is success or failiure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope though wait can be used or it might give some solution to the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-03-15T11:19:50.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7977" CreationDate="2014-03-15T11:22:05.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxBinary binary = new FirefoxBinary(new File(&quot;/oracle/firefox-10.0/firefox&quot;));&#xA;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastEditorUserId="5127" LastEditDate="2014-03-16T09:09:44.473" LastActivityDate="2014-03-16T09:09:44.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7420" CreationDate="2014-03-15T13:39:58.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me recommend you using &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenide.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenide&lt;/a&gt; library. It's just ideal for handling Ajax in tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. examples above could be rewritten in much more concise way with Selenide:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$(&quot;#foo option&quot;).shouldBe(visible);&#xA;&#xA;$(&quot;#foo&quot;).selectOption(&quot;Bar&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7236" LastActivityDate="2014-03-15T13:39:58.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8005" CreationDate="2014-03-15T15:06:27.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is going to be a bit unpopular, but I am going to have to buck the tide on the answers so far. I agree that it is important to allow everyone to submit potential defects and that system should be as clear, helpful, and accessible as possible. However, I have found that it is important to separate the &quot;official&quot; bug list that the team is working from the &quot;potential bug&quot; list. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before a &quot;potential&quot; gets promoted, it should be verified by someone (usually a tester). That person should be adept at posing follow-up questions to insure that the the classification of the bug as duplicate, new feature, etc. is correct. That is not a &quot;territory&quot; issue, it is simply a means of cutting through any confusion before the team addresses it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is especially true for reports from customers. I have found that prompt, intelligent follow up questions are always appreciated by customers. Also, no matter who submits the &quot;potentials&quot;, it is important to follow up with status every once in a while. On a previous team, my desk resided next to the customer support lead. I would be called in on incoming calls where defects were triaged almost immediately on receipt when possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-15T15:06:27.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8056" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-16T09:12:31.693" Score="4" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only 1% of our clients use particular features or scenarios. Do you think we should spend as much time testing these features and scenarios as we spend on our central features and scenarios, or we should test mostly the &quot;happy path&quot; for these features?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T11:50:56.177" Title="Testing non-central features" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8057" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-16T10:56:48.053" Score="8" ViewCount="2680" Body="&lt;p&gt;From Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quality Assurance refers to administrative and procedural activities&#xA;  implemented in a quality system so that requirements and goals for a&#xA;  product, service or activity will be fulfilled.[1] It is the&#xA;  systematic measurement, comparison with a standard, monitoring of&#xA;  processes and an associated feedback loop that confers error&#xA;  prevention.[2] This can be contrasted with quality control, which is&#xA;  focused on process output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read the following thread to understand the difference between QA and testing (quality control): &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/211/whats-the-difference-between-testing-and-quality-assurance&quot;&gt;What is the difference between &amp;quot;testing&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;quality assurance&amp;quot;?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'd like to understand is whether there is a place for QA engineer who is not a tester in Agile/Scrum. Agile is deliberately short on processes and documentation (its even in the manifesto), and that's what QA specialize in. So should there even be a QA engineer in Agile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I myself am not a QA engineer (I am a test lead), but I have a friend who is, so that's why I am asking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:54:32.460" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:54:32.460" Title="Role of Quality Assurance (Not testing!) in Agile" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7999" CreationDate="2014-03-16T16:38:39.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty old answer.  I would use &lt;a href=&quot;http://sebuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt; instead.  The Selenium project is in the process of replacing Selenium IDE with Selenium Builder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most likely, after recording your script, you might want to make minor edits to the script by hand to get it working the way you want it to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2014-03-16T16:38:39.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6925" CreationDate="2014-03-17T04:37:00.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had faced the same issue. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I was using: &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;./adb shell monkey -p your.company.name -v &lt;strong&gt;50 --throttle 1000&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct syntax: &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;./adb shell monkey -p your.company.name -v &lt;strong&gt;--throttle 1000 50&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the syntax mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/tools/help/monkey.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, all options should be &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; the event-count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are already using this correctly, the &quot;multiple events in rapid succession&quot; should be the key, trackball events. &#xA;For e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;:Sending Trackball (ACTION_MOVE): 0:(-3.0,3.0) &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  :Sending Trackball (ACTION_MOVE): 0:(-5.0,-2.0) &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  :Sending Trackball (ACTION_MOVE): 0:(2.0,2.0) &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  :Sending Trackball (ACTION_MOVE): 0:(-1.0,1.0) &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  :Sending Trackball (ACTION_MOVE): 0:(0.0,-1.0) &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;:Sending Key (ACTION_DOWN): 19    // KEYCODE_DPAD_UP &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  :Sending Key (ACTION_UP): 19    // KEYCODE_DPAD_UP &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are grouped together (without the throttle delay), but are still counted towards the event count as 5 and 2 resp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7242" LastActivityDate="2014-03-17T04:37:00.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8056" CreationDate="2014-03-17T09:00:07.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spending a lot of time for testing these features is not good. But also it's not good to close your eyes to them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the best practice is to mark out specific day(s) (for example, once a month) and create tests just for these features. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you won't spend much time and that 1% of customers who use those features will be happy and appreciate your work.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5916" LastActivityDate="2014-03-17T09:00:07.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8056" CreationDate="2014-03-17T10:42:11.183" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As already stated in a comment, it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to consider a lot of things in order to decide your test strategy.&#xA;Usually you have limited resources for testing (time, budget, testers, infrastructure etc.), so you cannot test everything equally thorough. A risk-based approach helps you decide where to concentrate your testing efforts and how thorough to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this, you should first identify all relevant risks, and assess them. The assessment includes categorizing each risk and determining the likelihood of occurrence and impact upon occurrency for each risk.&#xA;The impact should be assessed by all stakeholders, that is, you should involve your customer(s)/clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helps you deciding which test techniques to use and the priorities of each test case or test object of your system. The effort associated with developing and executing a test is proportional to the extent of the risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the particular features you asked about, some questions, which you should answer yourself, are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Would it be a showstopper for your clients if these features would not work as expected (business risk)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How important are those clients to you? If you lose a client, this could have a very negative impact to your image (business risk).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the implementation of those features very complex or has many interfaces to other parts of the system? Or is it quite simple (technical risk)?&#xA;If it is complex, you should test it more thorough than if it's simple.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, there are many other questions you have to answer for yourself before you can decide your approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastActivityDate="2014-03-17T10:42:11.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8057" CreationDate="2014-03-17T11:50:44.840" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will try to answer keeping in mind the job of a QA engineer is defined as &quot;Prevention of faults by inspecting &amp;amp; testing the process&quot; in the linked question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile/Scrum is not per definition short in processes. The team itself should set the process they need to deliver high quality deliverables in each iteration. Testing should be done during the cycle not after the Sprint is finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Scrum Master&quot; is the one who facilitates this &quot;continuous improvement&quot; process during a Sprint retrospective. From my experience the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vanreijmersdal.nl/589/continuous-improvement-with-retrospectives/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;retrospective&lt;/a&gt; leads to improving the (testing) process itself, depending on the need of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Scrum framework has set boundaries as what is minimal needed from the process, but you are free to add extra steps as they are needed. For example each team uses a different &quot;Definition of Done&quot; to describe their cycle needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having someone in the team with a background in QA is a great plus, but remember a Agile/Scrum team wants each team member to be cross-functional. Thus if you want a pure QA job an Agile/Scrum team might not be the ideal location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-07T11:14:37.767" LastActivityDate="2014-06-07T11:14:37.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8057" CreationDate="2014-03-17T14:12:00.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not see a role for a QA engineer who is not a tester with Agile/Scrum teams. I do see such a role in an organisation that uses Agile/Scrum. Many companies and projects require adherence to various standards and procedures plus documentary evidence that those standards and procedures are followed. The QA engineer can be the focus for those standards and procedures, making sure that the organisation keeps up to date with the standards and procedures and any changes to them; making sure the teams follow them; making sure that training is provided as necessary; making sure that the required documentation is generated and is valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be an overlap between the Scrum Master role and the QA role. Perhaps that should be seen as the normal communication route between the team members and QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-03-17T14:12:00.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8056" CreationDate="2014-03-18T08:34:19.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that risk analysis should be done. If the feature, although has low probability of being used, has a great impact, in case it is disfunctional, then it should be included in the test plan, listed as per other test cases' impact and probability analysis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T08:34:19.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8067" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-18T08:48:50.403" Score="0" ViewCount="56481" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the text field accepts alpha-numeric characters. What could be some unique and out of the box test scenario's/cases that could be useful in finding an important defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7254" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T14:16:09.140" Title="What are the possible test scenario's to test a Text field?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8067" CreationDate="2014-03-18T09:34:21.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you have some requirements at first about text field? There are some basic checks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check possibility to input minimum number of symbols&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check possibility to input maximum number of symbols&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you input uppercase and lowercase together?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you input special symbols?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you copy and paste inside text field?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check different unicode symbols&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check cyrillc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check arabian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etc. I hope this tips could help you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T09:34:21.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8067" CreationDate="2014-03-18T09:37:21.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Max/Min-length (Display and correct after save/reload)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UTF-8 display support (I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.columbia.edu/~fdc/utf8/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the UTF-8 Sampler data&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server-side validation of UTF-8 length (Multibyte chars are sometimes counted as two chars)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clear (Backspace, delete)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cut and paste&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To visually verify the length fast I created a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vanreijmersdal.nl/609/verify-the-maxlenght-of-input-fields-visually/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;file&lt;/a&gt; which looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;0--------10--------20--------30--------40--------50--------60--------70--------80--------90--------'&#xA;100------`---------`---------`---------`---------`---------`---------`---------`---------`---------'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T09:37:21.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8056" CreationDate="2014-03-18T09:41:36.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends from your management actually. What is the propose of your product? Based on your question I would like to execute testing of particular features just once during iteration if you have some Agile. You should not spend all your time for testing this features but still need to test basically, do not ignore them and please execute very basic smoke test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T09:41:36.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8067" CreationDate="2014-03-18T11:33:27.530" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what the text field is supposed to accept and what it's for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's meant to accept specific formats of data, your tests will be different than if it's meant to accept free-form data. For example,  text fields are often used for postal code entry. For that, there's likely to be validation that the postal code format matches the official format for the country (USA: xxxxx or xxxxx-xxxx where x is any number, Australia: xxxx where x is any number - those are the only two I know offhand). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a way to get invalid input into the field? Most browsers will allow drag and drop or copy/paste into fields: this is a common way to put invalid data into a field. The key thing is to handle the invalid input gracefully.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a way to override the field length limitations? Copy/paste and drag and drop can do this. I've also seen holding down a key do it, particularly if a control key is involved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there limits on the characters the field should accept? If you're limiting to English alphanumeric, the field needs to handle other characters gracefully.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Special character handling - does the field handle characters that have specific meanings in HTML, JavaScript, the back-end programming language used, SQL? Does it handle leading spaces? &lt;em&gt;Should&lt;/em&gt; it handle leading spaces?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T11:33:27.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8056" CreationDate="2014-03-18T11:50:56.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my previous employer, we had some 400-odd customers (business-to-business software). The one customer who was the only user of certain features was one of the largest customers so it was absolutely critical to make sure those features worked well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In anything business-to-business that's pretty common: the biggest customers will typically also use the software to its limits and will be the only users of some of the more obscure features. It's quite possible those features were developed specifically for those customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I typically look at features used by a small subset of customers this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which customers use the feature?&lt;/strong&gt; - If the customer(s) using the feature are among my employer's biggest/best customers, it gets more testing than a feature used only by the smallest customers (because the big customers will cause more financial problems for my employer if they leave than the small customers will, and I don't have infinite time or resources).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How critical is the feature to its users?&lt;/strong&gt; - If the feature involves financial data, tax data, or other mission-critical data, it gets more testing than a feature that is less mission-critical. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How stable is the feature?&lt;/strong&gt; - Something that's been built, tested, deployed, and hasn't changed since then is going to get less attention than something that's constantly changing or getting a lot of bugs reported against it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can the feature impact core function?&lt;/strong&gt; - A feature that interacts with core functionality and has the potential to break core features is going to get more attention than one that doesn't.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Will the only users of this feature be upgrading to this version?&lt;/strong&gt; - Although it's a long way from ideal, sometimes it's necessary to accept that a particular version of the software isn't going to work for that 1% of customers. One customer at my last employer had a six month upgrade process, so there were sometimes versions of the software that customer simply could not use (usually because a feature developed for that customer was being adopted by a different customer, but the changes for the second customer were so extensive they broke the first customer's feature and required an extensive unification project which couldn't be done in the time frame available).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T11:50:56.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8074" CreationDate="2014-03-18T13:20:01.563" Score="2" ViewCount="606" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lately I have been looking for a new position in the QA world. My background, while short, has afforded me amazing learning opportunities and I feel it is time for me to take a leap and learn even more. The issue I am having is that while I love my QA role, my experiences is extremely varied from more than just QA and closer to a PM/BA/QA/Dev/Everything. In a previous role, I was one of 2 people in the company that actively worked on the project so I had to wear every hat possible. Another company did the Dev/PM/BA work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experiences with this project include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;White Hat Hacking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developing testing plan and Strategy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thoroughly documented all testing in production, Adhoc testing in Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assisted accounting with reporting and verification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developed training materials and conducted seminars&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developed requirements and wrote stories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determined minimal requirements required to launch into production, refocused development team to these requirement in order to successfully launch on time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assisted with initial launch (Hardware set up, Software set up, Network set up, On-site support)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Demonstrated project to executives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prioritized new requirements and backlog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acted as systems admin prelaunch, during launch and post launch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mastered the software and was the overall resident expert, AKA the 'go to guy'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;While I believe these experiences as a whole has made me a lot better in QA. I am curious as to which of these are actually a commonplace part of the QA role?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note:&#xA;Since leaving that role with that company (they went bankrupt), I have since played a more standard QA role. Test planning, test case writing, test automation, testing tools development, testing in general. I mainly want to know which of these would be beneficial and which may be harmful for my resume. Since I only have the 1 company to compare with, I am not sure what applies.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-03-18T13:32:44.513" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T17:27:31.747" Title="Universal Skills in a QA role" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8073" CreationDate="2014-03-18T13:41:17.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You described intersting experience but I believe every engineer must do what he desired to do. I am working in huge company and we have accurately separated responsibilities. QA do QA job, IT department do their job and etc. But I was responsible for many tasks which are not related directly to my position in previous job. Anyway your wide experience will be useful, no doubts. There are common QA roles in company: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test planning and risk analysis &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review specs, design and requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review existing tests &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case creation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Executing test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Source code verification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation testing if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugtracking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-03-18T13:55:21.330" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T13:55:21.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8057" CreationDate="2014-03-18T15:46:38.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion is a question of definitions in your company/project. I personally could hardly imagine a test lead who is definitely NOT a QA Engineer, or QA Engineer who claims he is not a &quot;tester&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My example - a development lead is mostly a software engineer and software engineer is mostly a programmer (it is not about how much they pay you if the title on your door is &quot;lead *&quot; vs &quot;programmer/tester&quot;, it's about what are you doing while working.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Scrum the role (except PO, SM) - is &quot;worker&quot;, sometimes with tester, programmer or designer flavor.  And Scrum is about not caring about what title is on your business card :-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the question is about - should we do much of QA Documentation &amp;amp; Process Rules in Scrum - probably not, not much anyway, but as always - it depends :-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T15:46:38.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8076" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-19T05:55:51.827" Score="0" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I don't know the application I only know the Software requirements, on Software requirement basis I need to write the test cases in Selenium IDE. So how can I write the Test cases on Software requirement basis?&#xA;Can anyone help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7257" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T08:42:49.380" Title="How can I write test cases without knowing the application in Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8076" CreationDate="2014-03-19T06:28:11.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't. Your can write the test conditions, and to some extend the test specification. But the test implementation depends on the implementation of the HTML, since no concrete interface seems to be given.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-tester.ch/PDF-Files/istqb_glossary_of_testing_terms_2.2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.software-tester.ch/PDF-Files/istqb_glossary_of_testing_terms_2.2.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7150" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T06:28:11.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-19T07:09:23.733" Score="1" ViewCount="7594" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to write test cases when application is under developing. I know the design of the application based on the wireframes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I intend to write test cases in C# using the Selenuim WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at the sheer number of the test cases, I don't think I can wait till the application is developed, but need to start writing my test cases much earlier in the application life cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any resources on the web (I have already googled but did not find anything relevant that answers my question) that describe when in the application life cycle should one ideally start creating Test Cases in Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7257" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T10:59:02.623" Title="How to write test cases in selenium webdriver using C#, simultaneously when web application is being developed (application pages not available)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8076" CreationDate="2014-03-19T08:42:49.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on how good the software requirements are written. If there are mock ups with clear process flow of the application you can try to write the tests getting the ID's of the objects you'll be interacting with from a file or excel sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it's not normal / advisable  to do that, but there's always a way...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T08:42:49.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6290" CreationDate="2014-03-19T09:07:37.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you need to move cursor first. Did you try to use moveToElement(WebElement toElement) before clicking on it? &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This link&lt;/a&gt; may be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2618" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T09:07:37.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8036" CreationDate="2014-03-19T12:11:42.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another one, I've found is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/excilys/gatling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably - not the most lightweight, the scripts are written in Scala, but looks interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T12:11:42.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8078" CreationDate="2014-03-19T12:21:35.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why don't you start describing your test cases in text form, or writing the stubs for Selenium tests with empty methods and test steps as comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be easier to pick up there with the code as development will evolve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T12:21:35.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8078" CreationDate="2014-03-19T12:49:44.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found in the past that using a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BDD&lt;/a&gt; framework like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpecFlow&lt;/a&gt; helped me with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start off writing the tests, and slowly start writing the code for it each of the tests as your able to.  SpecFlow is great for code re-use, although, it can take some getting used to.  An example of this is every time you use &quot;And log in to the application&quot;, the code that you wrote to log in will be executed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A side benefit to this is being able to write your tests in a format that everyone will understand the purpose of.  This can be very important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the final part of when to start writing the test cases in Selenium, ideally, as soon as you start writing manual tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T12:49:44.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8084" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-19T13:17:01.577" Score="-2" ViewCount="1246" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can any one explain &lt;code&gt;Assert.AreEqual(true, true);&lt;/code&gt; with proper example and explanation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7257" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-03-25T19:32:57.263" LastActivityDate="2014-03-25T19:32:57.263" Title="What Assert.AreEqual(true, true); does?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2014-04-02T15:34:54.183" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8084" CreationDate="2014-03-19T13:46:47.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assertion_%28software_development%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Assertions&lt;/a&gt; to verify something is in a certain state. &#xA;Normally you compare the actual against the excepted state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do some steps in your application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gather the value of a field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assert that the value is indeed the value you expect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assert.AreEqual(Actual, Expected)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could give an assertion failure if Actual and Expected differ.&#xA;During a test run you should not have any assertion failures. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asserts are often used in unit-tests and automated integration tests to give feedback or actually test something during a test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-03-19T14:00:40.590" LastActivityDate="2014-03-19T14:00:40.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8086" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8212" CreationDate="2014-03-20T05:56:40.107" Score="0" ViewCount="2410" Body="&lt;p&gt;xpath not recognised in page object model in webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(xpath = &quot;//td[contains (text(),'xxx')]&quot;)&#xA;public WebElement topMenu;&#xA;&#xA;topMenu.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error: Unable to locate element:&#xA;  {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;//td[contains (text(),'xxx')]&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using page object model in WebDriver.&#xA;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this is my actual code of my program&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement userName;&#xA;public WebElement password;&#xA;public WebElement id;&#xA;@FindBy(xpath = &quot;//td[contains (text(),'Procurement')]&quot;)&#xA;public WebElement topMenu;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastEditorUserId="6174" LastEditDate="2014-03-22T05:44:25.737" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T18:11:51.683" Title="XPath not recognised in page object model in WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2014-04-02T15:34:42.657" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8087" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-20T12:08:31.743" Score="2" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to load test a web site that provides a workflow system. In this system, users register and then create a record. An administrator sees the new record in their task list on a web page; they modify the record in the system and an email is sent to the user with a link to a web page for the updated record. The user clicks the link and adds information to the record and the administrator's task list is updated. The workflow continue with administrator updates sending emails to the user and user updates being seen on the administrator's task list. This workflow is strictly sequential, records move from stage to stage with emails and task list updates providing links between the stages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I handle the emails linking the stages of the workflow? I would like to access the links within these emails to get the correct page but I do not know how to read emails within a web test. There are also a concerns about the time that emails take to pass through the various email systems and the order they would arrive; but I am sure that these concerns can be handled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only test method option I have found is to load lots of records into the system's database before the test runs. This data would have records at each stage in the workflow. The test cases would be data driven with the URLs for handing each record.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other methods?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test system uses Visual Studio Web Performance and Load tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T19:06:59.047" Title="How to load test a workflow system with stages linked by email" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8090" CreationDate="2014-03-20T14:00:19.077" Score="4" ViewCount="1662" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should Coded UI tests be within the solution that they are testing (similar to Unit Tests), or should they be contained in a separate, generic Coded UI solution that is built only once and executed whenever any solution needs to be tested? I should clarify that our Coded UI tests are not the regular recordings that can be created through Visual Studio, but rather hand-coded interaction classes developed by our QA engineers. Most of the common functions for interacting with elements on a page are packaged into a DLL that can be referenced in any test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm basically just trying to find out what the best practice is for creating a Coded UI testing infrastructure. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7272" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T17:24:10.787" Title="Where should I create a coded UI project?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8088" CreationDate="2014-03-20T16:07:53.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never done that, but, from my understanding, they are tests so they should go to where the unit tests are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, this might depend also how the tests can be run. My UI tests need to run on a PC/VM with a working UI user session, so there's no need/use in putting it together with the unit tests because these run on a CI server with no UI session initiated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T16:07:53.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8088" CreationDate="2014-03-20T17:17:54.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have to support multiple versions for your software product I would keep the tests with in the same repository. Then the tests will version with the application itself. Which will make you able to run the tests for older versions with ease.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you will want your developers to run and maintain the tests. For example when they need to change the ID or the labels of a button. They should not need to checkout multiple repositories to verify their code changes did not break any old functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only reason I can come up with to not have the tests included in the main codebase is if the included test-data is so huge that a clean checkout of the code would take ages, but I would then put the test-data in a different repo by itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T17:17:54.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8088" CreationDate="2014-03-20T17:24:10.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like any other form of automated test, it depends on how you're invoking them and the environment you need to run. If you need a UI user session (which is the common setup) then you're probably not going to be packaging them with the unit tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the factors to consider are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CodedUI tests are slower than unit tests because they interact with the application GUI. This is one reason to keep them separate from the unit test code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CodedUI tests can involve a much larger code-base due to the use of UI Maps or page maps (the part of the CodedUI project that stores the properties you need to reference specific components). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They may also require a number of proprietary Visual Studio DLLs be present on the test/build system in order to compile (usually the DLLs used by the MS testing engine). Running the tests through Microsoft's test lab ecosystem doesn't require extra VS licenses. Running them elsewhere might - and the license required is VS Premium or Ultimate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Typically setup and teardown for an application-level automated test is more complex than for a unit test. It also usually takes longer. Depending on your application, you may need to perform long series of dependent action in order to complete a given test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may also need to store substantial repositories of test data. This can slow down the entire checkout process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether you keep the coded UI code with the unit test code is not the same issue as whether you execute the coded UI code with the unit test code - ultimately the &quot;best practice&quot; is what works best for your environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T17:24:10.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8093" CreationDate="2014-03-20T19:17:56.137" Score="1" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing Coded UI Tests in Visual Studio and need to know the best way to find elements on a page. Would it be better to use the element's class or some other attribute?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7277" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T19:30:04.847" Title="Finding Elements On a Wwebpage" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8092" CreationDate="2014-03-20T19:30:04.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, it will greatly depend on how your developers choose to add attributes to elements. For example, if the element that you need to interact with has an ID, you can use that as a SearchProperty to assist in finding the element that you need:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;objPage.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlControl.PropertyNames.Id, strID);&#xA;UITestControlCollection colControls = objPage.FindMatchingControls();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using something like this will provide you with a collection of elements that match the specified criteria. I suggest playing around with these SearchProperties and examining your codebase to determine the best course of action for your Coded UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7272" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T19:30:04.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8095" CreationDate="2014-03-20T21:17:08.893" Score="1" ViewCount="548" Body="&lt;p&gt;So say you have a made up flight booking application. I'm speaking on a very high level; because i'm more concerned with the design of these java objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're creating tests that have these classes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loginTest.java: logs the user in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;selectFlightTest.java: selects the flight&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;searchFlightTest.java: searches for a flight&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;purchaseFlightTest.java: pick a flight&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. given the following scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test booking a flight in LA, New york, Boise, Chicago, Orlando, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to design and group this particular classes into a larger utilityclass that then is a jumping point for other variations of the test? Or to be able reuse as a base class to perform other tests but with different variations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is it important to just copy/paste these tests? It seems using a base java class would allow for more flexibility when like a process changes, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1916" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T23:17:06.213" Title="Is it possible to group java selenium tests in a larger utility class for reuse?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8094" CreationDate="2014-03-20T23:17:06.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often put common helper code into a base class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly I do that only for &quot;general purpose&quot; helper code, like logging in, starting and stopping Selenium, dependency injection, and stuff like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For helper code related to functionality (like selecting or searching or purchasing flights), I always put that not in a base class, but in a &lt;em&gt;delegate&lt;/em&gt; class. Often this is some form of &quot;page object&quot; (look it up), but I might organize it around some key concept other than pages. I might, for example, have a class that represents the airline's complete set of flights, and a class that represents searching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copy and paste is death. But you know that already ;-) It means that when some detail of the GUI changes, you'll have to track down all of the places it's used and change them. And you'll miss one. And someone will have fiddled with one so it's not the same any more, and you'll have to figure out why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any time you're tempted to copy and paste, take a moment instead to extract the common code, name it really well, and put it where people will look for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-03-20T23:17:06.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8067" CreationDate="2014-03-21T07:18:58.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on requirement for the text field scenarios will differ.&#xA;Suppose when we try to prepare scenario for name fields.&#xA;1.Check with Equivalence (i.e.) &#xA;Maximum length of field,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Minimum length of field,&#xA;Exact field length,&#xA;Numerical,&#xA;Alpha numerical,&#xA;Special characters,&#xA;Empty field,&#xA;Enter input into text box,&#xA;Copy and paste,&#xA;Try with browser cache .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2014-04-21T09:29:52.953" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T09:29:52.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8097" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-21T07:54:55.820" Score="13" ViewCount="2221" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are now adding support for German, Spanish, French, Italian to our application. We've translated all strings and added a big margin for them in the UI. Now I am wondering what kind of bugs to expect besides the obvious translation, text and clipping bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've read, sorting strings, displaying dates, floating number formats all depend on the locale. I assume there are other things as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Which bugs should I expect and test for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:09:22.547" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:09:22.547" Title="Typical localization of bugs" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8087" CreationDate="2014-03-21T11:34:20.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see a few directions you could take with this situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Break it up&lt;/strong&gt;: You could build load tests for each phase - that is, you have one test that registers a user, has an administrator open the task list, modify the record, and send the email. The next test opens the link (since you know the format of the email and the link this is doable), adds information, has the administrator check the task list and modify information, and so on, so that each group of steps between emails has a load test. &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You'd want to run these in sequence first, in order to isolate load issues through the registration process without any other interaction masking potential problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You want to do this on a test server that mirrors the expected environment as closely as possible. Partly this is to reduce outside interference, and partly so you can use a known starting point.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your starting point should be a database with a selection of records. You shouldn't need to actually send the emails and trawl them for links to click unless the link is generated on the fly with a random or quasi-random seed that isn't stored anywhere (this is unlikely, since that information is usually stored in the database for verification purposes). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You would want to restore your test database into the application database before beginning your tests. This ensures that every run of your load tests has the same starting point.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Run it together&lt;/strong&gt;: You could use the test database to have a variety of records for each stage, and have your load test run actions from each part of the workflow. This is closer to the real-world usage scenario, and should probably be part of your strategy as well. Building a load test like this will make it more difficult to isolate specific load issues, but will give you a more accurate idea of your application's capacity, particularly if you can load to failure (this isn't always possible - I've seen load tests bring down the company intranet without stressing the application under load, and there are hard limits to some types of request queuing that could act as a throttle on your application).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step by step&lt;/strong&gt;: You could have a load test for each individual step, which you can then run in sequence or concurrently. That is, one test for registering users. One for the admin task list. One for user response. And so on. This approach would let you do a mix and match approach.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Build the links yourself&lt;/strong&gt;: You could take an end-to-end approach by building the email links yourself from the data that should have gone into the application database after the administrator completes the edit, then going directly to that URL. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't a complete list, just a few thoughts on directions you could take.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T11:34:20.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8097" CreationDate="2014-03-21T11:46:15.527" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the things I've run into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Currency formats are locale dependent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can also have issues with different locale-based keyboards. I've seen issues where a problem only occurs when the language and the keyboard are configured for a specific locale (this was Turkish language and Turkish keyboard).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For German, you'll want to watch your line breaks - German tends to concatenate words so you get very long words that can completely mangle the overall layout.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application uses a database, you want to make sure the database collation doesn't do anything horrible to the non-ASCII characters the language uses. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You also need to make sure that you specify the Unicode format you're working with if there are any exports/imports involved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This isn't as likely with French, German, Spanish, or Italian, but check that there's nowhere in the application that renders the strings as images (I ran into this with Japanese). Image renders for ASCII characters are generally smaller than those outside the ASCII character set, which can cause unusual errors. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T11:46:15.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8097" CreationDate="2014-03-21T11:47:57.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typical bugs which described in many qa forums are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;text expansion, resulting in truncated strings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI alterations, resulting in overlaps of GUI elements and &#xA;controls or their misalignment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automatic hotkeys assignment, resulting in duplicated hotkey&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hard-coded strings, resulting in untranslated strings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unsupported code pages, resulting in garbage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;missing or extra controls, resulting in missing or broken &#xA;functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to read this article, well explained: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.moravia.com/files/download/Best_Practices_in_Localization_Testing.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.moravia.com/files/download/Best_Practices_in_Localization_Testing.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T11:47:57.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8097" CreationDate="2014-03-21T13:12:41.877" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We got burned by a limited input field for income. Because I live in germany, values up to 100000 € where perfectly ok for our testers. But the website got translated for countries like russia, where 100000 rubel is not really much.... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7287" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T13:12:41.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8097" CreationDate="2014-03-21T14:06:54.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;These days I fix localization bugs every day for an Android app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common error I encounter is corrupted keywords/variables.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;![CDATA[&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;![CDATA [&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;%2$d%%\n&lt;/code&gt; becomes &lt;code&gt;%2$d％%\n&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is made worse by pre-translation software, which uses Google Translate or equivalent to provide a first shot for the translator to improve. Such software corrupts variables very often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: variables are needed to translate things like &quot;You have 3 talismans&quot;: (English) &lt;code&gt;You have %NUMBER %OBJECT&lt;/code&gt; (Japanese) &lt;code&gt;君は%OBJECTを%NUMBER個持ってる&lt;/code&gt; ... and that's even more complicated when considering how plurals and grammar differ in each language. That's why variables are needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The problem could be fixed by improving the translation platform, or by training the translators, both of which is not easy as we are an Open Source project using a third-party crowdsourced translation platform.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7288" LastEditorUserId="7288" LastEditDate="2014-03-23T07:33:16.753" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T07:33:16.753" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8097" CreationDate="2014-03-21T15:59:40.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may be something you consider &quot;obvious&quot;, but given that it's the single most common translation problem we have, I think it's important to mention.  It's less a bug, and more something that gets completely overlooked:  Words often aren't used in the same order as the base language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:  Say you want to translate &lt;code&gt;Welcome, [name]&lt;/code&gt;.  The naive approach is to simply translate &quot;Welcome,&quot; and slap them together in the code, &lt;code&gt;trans(&quot;Welcome,&quot;) + username&lt;/code&gt; - this is not correct, since some languages won't use that pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should instead be something like this, to borrow Python syntax:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;trans(&quot;Welcome, %(name)s&quot;) % {'name': username}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This requires the translators to understand that &lt;code&gt;%(name)s&lt;/code&gt; is a placeholder and must be kept.  But it allows them to be a whole lot more flexible in the languages that use a different syntax.  For example, the above translation in Japanese would be (according to Google Translate):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ようこそ、%(name)sに&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surprise!  There's an extra character at the end that European languages don't use, that couldn't have been added using the naive code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if the European languages listed in the question have similar issues (although in a more complex example, I could see the Latin-based languages being different than the Germanic ones), so this might not &lt;em&gt;directly&lt;/em&gt; apply to the OP - but should still be helpful to others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7289" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T15:59:40.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8097" CreationDate="2014-03-21T19:27:33.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can save yourself a lot of time by knowing more about your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, many of the issues dealing with currency formats, number formats, measurement system, long and short date formats, long and short time formats, calendar, first day of week, and also sort order are handled by the operating system if the developer is utilizing the OS APIs (which is likely) instead of writing functions to handle this functionality. If this is the case, then you can reduce (not eliminate) test coverage. (BTW...we refer to this type of functionality as globalization testing at MS.) The same is true for data handling assuming the app is written to support Unicode and your devs haven't been living in a cave for the past 20 years or for some bizarre reason thunk to  the ancient ANSI character code page model. :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for localization testing specifically (modifying a program for a specific international market) so issues to look for include&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;string expansion - esp in German. Typically allow for @35% more chars&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hard coded strings in the code (that are not translated)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Concatenated strings in the code (that cause the ordering of translated string not to make sense)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Key mnemonics mapped to native characters on the keyboard that don't work (both accelerator keys and shortcut keys)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI layout (often changes due to resizing of labels for text.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some apps might need specific drivers or libs for your target market (locale)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have help files, don't forget to look at that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have web links make sure they also point to the appropriate location (esp. if those pages are localized)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Of course there could be issues with the &quot;quality&quot; of the translation. If this is a concern I would recommend partnering with native speakers in-country to look at the translation much the way an editor would review a book or article. Problems with translation sometimes occur because the translator doesn't understand the context in which a string is used. Providing bitmaps of various windows/dialogs can help translators understand the context of the strings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-03-21T19:27:33.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8097" CreationDate="2014-03-22T15:45:19.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currency formats: Make sure that the currency format actually matches the currency that you are talking about! If I tell you that I had a $500 hotel bill in New York, and you translate that into German, changing the $500 bill to €500 would be a very bad idea. Translating to 500 Yen might be harmless because the Japanese readers will &lt;em&gt;know&lt;/em&gt; that the number cannot be right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure that things don't get translated that shouldn't be translated. Strings that actually are part of the code. If you translate your database keys, you are going to be in trouble. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context dependent translation: A key on a keyboard is different from a key used to unlock a door or a music key like C-flat. If you translate the word &quot;key&quot; once your users might be either very confused or have a good laugh at your expense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plurals are fun. In English: 0 items, 1 item, 2 items and so on. Rules are different in different languages. Best avoid this :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7299" LastActivityDate="2014-03-22T15:45:19.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8106" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8125" CreationDate="2014-03-23T04:45:45.507" Score="7" ViewCount="6966" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new to Git and I am planning to contribute to some open-source project on GitHub after discovering a small error in it. Upon forking it and fixing the error, I purposed a pull request and I noticed this showing up:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed — The Travis CI build failed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking into the details I discovered it was caused by &lt;code&gt;Could not find .travis.yml&lt;/code&gt;, which made perfect sense since I had not signed in to Travis Cl with and add .travis.yml to the repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my first time hearing about Travis and what that is known as continuous integration. And it sounds pretty cool so in order to learn more about it, I looked it up on Wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Travis CI is a hosted, distributed continuous integration service&#xA;  used to build and test projects hosted at GitHub. Travis CI automatically detects when a commit has been made and pushed to a GitHub repository that is using Travis CI, and each time this happens, it will try to &lt;strong&gt;build the project and run tests&lt;/strong&gt;. This includes commits to all branches, not just to the master branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current understanding of Travis CI is that what it does is automatically pushing the project upon &lt;code&gt;git commit -am &quot;..&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and I don't quite understand some part of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By &lt;strong&gt;building the project and run tests&lt;/strong&gt;, what tests is it going to run? And how is it going to &quot;build&quot; the project? (like compiling it to binary?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It states that &quot;This includes commits to all branches&quot; - but what if I don't want to commit to all branches?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it alright if I don't use Travis Cl at all? Under what circumstances is it best to use it (or it must be used)? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7307" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2014-10-28T19:32:13.957" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T19:32:13.957" Title="Trying to understand what Travis CI does and when it should be used" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8097" CreationDate="2014-03-23T13:34:33.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To avoid a lot of problems, ensure the entire application tier from the web layer to the database uses the UTF-8 character set exclusively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a related note, ensure Server times and all references thereof (storage, etc) are done using GMT (UTC+0). Otherwise overlaps in daylight savings times, localized references etc will likely corrupt time-stamps, logic, etc. Only at the client side can date/time then be converted to the local time-zone/locale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check for input/output consistency (is what the user entered, in any language, actually displayed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure the translations are done by locals. The Chevrolet Nova (which in English means &quot;exploding star&quot;) in Spanish means &quot;No Go&quot; (true story of a marketing disaster).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check search-engine results. Stemming especially is always language-specific and can result in very strange results when English is assumed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7310" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T13:34:33.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8109" CreationDate="2014-03-23T13:59:51.483" Score="1" ViewCount="372" Body="&lt;p&gt;We currently use the following processes for testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a test plan (currently stored in Microsoft Test Manger)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute Test plan &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once the tested functionality is promoted to Production, automate the Test plan using Borland SilkTest, for future regression testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question : Is this a typical process for a shop that uses automation? As changes to the original test plan change (due to future modifications), do you continue to maintain both the manual test plan as well as the automated one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7311" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-07-03T12:09:22.637" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T05:38:31.373" Title="QA Testing Process" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8108" CreationDate="2014-03-23T16:42:06.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is probably different for each organization/team/product/process, but here is a typical process I have used (starting from new functionality):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Identify the key test parameters such as oracles, surfaces (variables like platform, inputs, outputs, etc), and risk areas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Explore the function under scrutiny at the time using multiple manual test sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Develop automation to make testing that function faster or identify functions that would make a good addition to a smoke test (fully automated) suite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Integrate automation into regression test automation suite as smoke test or independent computer assisted test modules that help setup or check specific areas of the application. This step is done as a part of the weekly or biweekly cycle while it is fresh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Only document enough to identify which automation to use with each regression test area. The function of the scripts are documented as comments in the script itself.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key here is that regression automation is going to break on a regular basis, so a smart mixture of automated and manual test for regression is best to make it as useful as possible but still maintainable. The scope of the automation will work itself out over time based on the time you have available for implementation and maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T16:42:06.643" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8110" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-23T16:44:57.543" Score="3" ViewCount="446" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a test manager in my organization. We do mostly manual tests. Before that I was a developer. I find that my understanding of software implementation and architecture is very important for my role. Since I know how the architecture works, how the various components affect each other and in which areas to expect which bugs, I understand better where are the riskier areas and what to test and what not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However perhaps I rely too much on the implementation details, and I tend not to test places where I think the implementation has lower risk of failing. But what if the implementation changes? Perhaps a more black box approach is in order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, most testers in my group don't have development experience, so often they test the same module in different locations, even though if you are familiar with the code you understand that its the same module and its very unlikely that it will behave differently in different places. Often they don't test timing or performance issues because they don't understand how multithreading or memory leakages can cause bugs. There are plenty of examples like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I have two questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should testers understand the code?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much should testers rely on implementation details?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-23T17:41:41.140" LastActivityDate="2014-03-25T19:31:01.133" Title="How much should a tester understand and rely on implementation details?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8110" CreationDate="2014-03-23T17:11:24.180" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answers: 1. Yes they should understand the structure, 2. It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask a software tester why they are testing a specific function or decided to use a specific test technique/approach, they will probably give you the Willy Sutton answer: &quot;Because that is where the defects are.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course that is going to be different for each organization, but in general the testers should take a &quot;trust but verify&quot; attitude about assurances and assumptions from anyone (not just developers or managers). If someone told me that the application will work the same in five different areas of the application, I will immediately run a fast smoke test to verify the assumption and then plan my approach based on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary concern is context. Even though the &quot;intent&quot; of the implementation is the same in each area of the application, the actual &quot;experience&quot; may be different. One simple example would be a Java application that implements a Java tree rule that always sorts the tree data in alpha order. However, one area of the tree lists recently accessed files, such that inverse chrono order is more appropriate. If the testers didn't check the assumptions in that implementation, that defect may never have been caught.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T17:11:24.180" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8073" CreationDate="2014-03-23T17:27:31.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Universal&quot; is such a tough term to discuss. The good testers I have seen have qualities such as technical proficiency (to the extent needed for the job), a natural curiosity, good communication skills, and a toughness of concentration to quickly uncover an underlying defect once an anomaly is observed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have moved on to a more &quot;developer&quot; role now from a tester role and the comments I get are that I appear more willing to take on new, beta frameworks and processes while having an &quot;aggressive curiosity&quot; about my work. (All meant as compliments. :) )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T17:27:31.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1135" CreationDate="2014-03-23T17:33:41.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an old thread, but now you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuget.org/packages/Protractor/0.3.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt;, which is a C# port of original one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Install-Package Protractor&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it has a dependency on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuget.org/packages/Selenium.WebDriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium.WebDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Install-Package Selenium.WebDriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7312" LastActivityDate="2014-03-23T17:33:41.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8110" CreationDate="2014-03-23T20:36:57.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should testers understand the code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How much should testers rely on implementation details?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why it depends? There are both pros and cons of understanding the code and architecture. When we interviewed candidates for a tester, we asked them to draw an architecture of a system they tested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We did so because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We believed that such knowledge demonstrates the candidate can isolate or narrow down the root cause of a problem to a specific tier or module in the system. The knowledge can range from ability to inspect source code to general understanding of how and what information flows between different tiers. The first can help in remote debugging of the bug, the latter can be useful to report messages flowing between components, when writing a bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Knowing the architecture helps also test application at different levels: end-to-end with external systems included, just your system, only backend, etc., not just on front-end.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For test automation engineer, understanding application APIs and structure is mandatory to plug a test framework into the system under test (test drivers, mocking, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other side, I learned, there are certain trade-offs when you focus &#xA;on internals of the application too much. I prefer technical part of my job, so sometimes I overlook the perspective of an end user. I have also limited knowledge of my industry and the business, comparing to other testers and business analysts, that worked in the industry before becoming testers. They often can tell me whether my test case is realistic from our business point of view, or whether it is probable on production. Many of such business-oriented testers are also good in finding business edge cases, which tend to be different from technical edge cases that you mention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concluding, having both gray-box testers and black-box testers on board can be beneficial to your project and your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-24T09:23:36.330" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T09:23:36.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8115" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-24T02:30:53.083" Score="4" ViewCount="309" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to asses the efficiency/productivity of a project's testing process, which also uses SCRUM. How do I go about?&#xA;Are there some peer-reviewed or well-known standard approachs to evaluate the testing process of a project? Are there any useful, industry standard metrics I can use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7253" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T12:05:11.320" Title="How do I assess the testing process of a project?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8121" CreationDate="2014-03-24T06:45:12.277" Score="2" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are developing Android application and the developers feel it is difficult for us to write  integration/unit tests. I read majority in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2016/test-cases-in-source-code&quot;&gt;Test cases in source code&lt;/a&gt; saying that test code should not be included in software application. However, the developers think it is easier to write unit/integration tests inside the application. He could input some magic number in non-production version of the application and the application starts to perform unit/integration tests, not just debug code that only set-up preconditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know such test would increase size of application. It is disabled in production version so it is safe from being used by user but it also means we cannot test our production version. Is there any other reason that we should not write unit/integration tests within our application but write tests that run independently in test instrument/test runner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T11:18:30.397" Title="Why test code should not be included in software application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8116" CreationDate="2014-03-24T07:36:37.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the test code is excluded by a compiler option for the product version I see indeed no reason why this should be a questionable behaviour. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the contrary this is sometimes the only way to do unit tests, e.g. if you want to test static functions in C. There is noc other way to call them directly but from inside the translation unit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly you can always be sure the revisions of the test cases and code match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7150" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T07:36:37.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8108" CreationDate="2014-03-24T08:21:51.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, each company has its own test processes but it is typical in common. Secondly, each company has different development lifecycles so testing processes do differ. I can share with you our current test process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overview project structure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overview diagram of requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the software requirements specification document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a test plan which includes the following sections: purpose and scope, functions to be tested, functions not to be tested, test approaches, test pass/fail criteria, regression test strategy, tools (test case management, bug tracking, performance testing tool, automation testing framework etc), test schedule, risk management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare the smoke test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a functional test suite based on the software test plan which was created in the previous step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare the automation test suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then agile process (verifying features in the end of each iterations), develop and updating automated regression test suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-07-03T12:09:41.583" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T12:09:41.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8110" CreationDate="2014-03-24T08:39:23.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends what do you expect from tester and what kind of tasks. You should understand that test engineer which care about users and understand code, could find narrow places in code costs much more :) I believe it's desirable that manual test engineer can read code but not necessary. But if you mean automation test engineer or common QA engineer (manual and sometimes automation) it's necessary though to understand project archicture and read the code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-03-24T10:39:03.600" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T10:39:03.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8116" CreationDate="2014-03-24T11:18:30.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The approach I've seen most often is to have the unit tests as a separate project in the application solution, so they can be run against production code as part of the build process, but are not included in the production code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the reasons for the separation are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logical separation. You want your unit tests to catch issues with initialization, global variables, and scoping, which is more difficult if they're part of the main code base (depending, of course, on the language you're using). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No need to worry about compile-time flags - it's remarkably easy to miss adding a compile-time flag to keep your test code out of your production build. If you have a separate testing project in the solution, this isn't an issue - but you also get to keep the convenience of matched check ins, because it's all in the version control system, right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No shortcuts. Because the test codebase is in a different project, you have to perform all the initialization, setup, and teardown. You can shortcut if the test code is part of the application project - and those shortcuts can mean invalid tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You don't have to link test &lt;em&gt;data&lt;/em&gt; to the application code. This can be a big issue for large and/or complex applications. The test data source is linked to the test project, not the application code, so it doesn't slow the build and check in/check out process for the application code (and you are running the unit tests for every full build, right?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T11:18:30.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8108" CreationDate="2014-03-24T11:34:23.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the other answers have said, there is no &quot;typical&quot; process. Everyone handles things their own way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are some common factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;most places will have some form of test plan repository. I've seen&#xA;everything from a mix of documents and spreadsheets in a shared&#xA;directory structure to the high dollar professional tools.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;most places will figure the test plan gets executed &lt;em&gt;manually&lt;/em&gt;. It's rarely a good idea to automate manual test plans - what constitutes a good manual test is not necessarily a good candidate for automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;most places that automate will have a way to identify tests targeted for automation and a strategy to add targeted tests to their regression codebase. The exact strategy varies a lot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;places that are serious about automation will not use record/playback whether their tool supports it or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;places that are serious about automation will treat their automation codebase as &lt;em&gt;code&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;places that are serious about automation will keep their automation codebase in a version control repository. It may not match the application code version control repository, but if it isn't matching the application codebase version control, it will be flagged in a way that allows regression to be run against any version of the application codebase required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;places that are serious about automation will ensure that time is devoted to maintaining automated regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automated regression for a new feature will not be built until that feature is stable. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds from what you've said that you've got most of these points covered, so you're probably on the right track with your process. The main thing is that it works for your situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T11:34:23.493" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8110" CreationDate="2014-03-24T11:49:51.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers do not &lt;em&gt;need&lt;/em&gt; to understand code to be good testers. Testers who do understand code can use this knowledge to their advantage, but this does not automatically make them better testers than testers who don't understand code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example of testing the same module in different locations misses the context: the base code of the &lt;em&gt;module&lt;/em&gt; may be no different, but the pathways into that module are different, which introduces the possibility that one pathway may not be passing the correct information (or sufficient information) to the module. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, say you have a form to collect or display contact information. The form can be invoked from a completed order, during the order process, during the invoicing process, and from the contact management module. You can create a contact during the order process and from the contact management module. This simple set of rules means it's necessary to test that you &lt;em&gt;can't&lt;/em&gt; create a contact from a completed order or during the invoicing process. It also means you need to make sure that when you create a contact during the order process that contact is correctly associated to the order. In addition, you need to make sure that in all four scenarios, all the information you need is available when you view a contact, and that modifying the contact is available when  your business rules dictate. In all these situations, the underlying &lt;em&gt;code&lt;/em&gt; is no different, but the pathways into the code and the business rules around it vary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Timing, performance, and threading issues tend to be more difficult to test manually anyway - issues like that are more likely to show up under automated testing and load testing, which tend to be their own specialties. Typically I'll be alerted to a potential timing/performance/threading issue by automated tests, and I'll do some manual investigation to dig further and try to force the issue - but I may not be able to because in some cases it's simply not possible to force something without having the application code running with breakpoints. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't underestimate your manual testers. The amount of work they do with the application means they have a good idea where problems are likely to occur, and they will cover this in their planning. They're used to the idea that they need to cover as many decision pathways through the application as they can in the time they have available. It may look to a developer like they're retesting the same code repeatedly (they are), but they're testing it through different pathways. They know that bugs happen in the communication between modules as well as in the modules themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T11:49:51.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8115" CreationDate="2014-03-24T12:05:11.320" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends, and there are no industry standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seriously. Any metric can be gamed (and will be, if you use it for assessment). I'm not aware of any standard approaches, not least because the teams are - or should be - evaluating themselves regularly and looking for ways to improve their own processes (if they aren't then they're probably using SCRUM-but... where they have the forms of scrum but are actually doing something not at all agile. This is sadly quite common and is a failure of management rather than a team failure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the things you can do: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be part of the retrospectives. All of them, if possible. This is where the team evaluates its performance and looks to improve. If most of the problems that are highlighted in the retrospectives are external to the team, then any problems are with management, not the teams. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discussions with the testers. Talk to the testers and ask them how they feel they're doing. If they don't think the information will be used as a stick in performance evaluations, they'll be honest (because I've yet to meet a tester who likes to be involved with something that's not meeting his/her standards).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you absolutely &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; have metrics, there are exactly two that have any value. One is the ratio of customer-reported issues with a project to tester-reported issues. After you filter off the customer issues that relate to misunderstandings, the customer realizing after using the product that what they thought would work doesn't, and so forth (which happens but has nothing to do with how effectively your testers are working), you'll have a reasonable metric. What you should find is that the majority of customer-reported issues are edge cases (yes, you do have to do a fair bit of evaluation to use this information properly). The other metric is the WTF per minute metric. I'm actually not joking here - if the reaction of someone using the software for the first time is, effectively, &quot;WTF were they &lt;em&gt;thinking&lt;/em&gt;?&quot; there is a big problem. The more often this reaction comes up, the bigger the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No matter &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; you choose to do, &lt;em&gt;do not blame your test team&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. I can't emphasize this enough. With very few exceptions, your team is doing the best they can with the information and constraints they've been given. They'll work with you if they know the goal is to build the best software possible. They won't if they think you're going to penalize them because things didn't go well. This is human nature - you will likely find that if you treat the evaluation as a way to get better software without blaming anyone your test team will be harder on themselves than anyone else would.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T12:05:11.320" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8106" CreationDate="2014-03-24T14:23:41.090" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, I think you've got a few questions going on, so I'll try and answer them in sections.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Whats Travis/Continous Integration&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Travis-CI is one of a number of build automation tools that help developers understand if their application is working by building, testing and reporting on the build sequences the developer has configured. Frequently these tools are described as being Continuous Integration tools, though how accurate this label is depends on the configuration you've set up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Continous part reflects the fact that these tools will detect, either by polling (Checking every n minutes), hooks (Your version control system contacts the tool to say a change has happened) or by simple timers (Rebuild every hour). When a build occurs the tool will take the source code and run the configured build and report upon the stability of the project, for example &quot;Compile error&quot;, &quot;1/123 tests failed&quot;, &quot;10% slower response time to previous builds&quot; etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Integration&quot; part reflects the fact that modern software development often requires the interaction between multiple separate components working together smoothly. In a CI system you will often find that the tool will retrieve the latest release or development version (depending on your own configuration needs) and compiles, tests, ( possibly deploying somewhere along the way) to ensure your changes not only work within itself, but also work with other systems that it depends upon which may have changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Travis-CI is a cloud based service offered to OpenSource projects hosted on GitHub and rather than demanding a job is configured in a database on their platform you describe the parameters of your build sequence using the .travis.yml file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other CI providers/tools include &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo&quot;&gt;Bamboo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://circleci.com/&quot;&gt;Circle-CI&lt;/a&gt;, and many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How/What does it do?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you forked the public project, GitHub also forked a number of internal configuration settings including hooks to Travis-CI. This means that when you make your changes and &lt;em&gt;push&lt;/em&gt; your code to github using &lt;code&gt;git push [origin [branch]]&lt;/code&gt; GitHub will contact travis-ci to trigger a new build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Travis-CI will, given a path and revision id, clone the repository and build the code as described in that &lt;code&gt;.travis.yml&lt;/code&gt; file. The build configuration itself can become quite complicated, so i'd suggest having a read of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.travis-ci.com/user/build-configuration/&quot;&gt;Configuring your build&lt;/a&gt; documentation and compare it to the file you've got in your repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Your actual questions&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tests that are run are &lt;em&gt;probably&lt;/em&gt; the same tests you should be running during development, but check that &lt;code&gt;.travis.yml&lt;/code&gt; for the specifics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Travis-CI will only be building &lt;em&gt;changes&lt;/em&gt; to branches, if you only commit &lt;em&gt;and push&lt;/em&gt; changes to a branch named &lt;code&gt;feature-Tobys-Branch&lt;/code&gt; then Travis will get told this by GitHub and only build that one branch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This depends on the project maintainer. Its not a requirement to use travis-ci but it helps the owner of the original project know if your changes have introduced any problems before they accept the merge into their project. It acts as a form of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javacodegeeks.com/2014/02/canary-tests.html&quot;&gt;canary&lt;/a&gt;&quot; for the team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4290" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T14:23:41.090" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8126" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-24T16:12:48.643" Score="2" ViewCount="29267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Selenium WebDriver test where I enter some text into a text input box&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    var input_Note = Driver.Instance.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;note&quot;));&#xA;    input_Note.SendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then attempt to click on the Save button, but it does not work. I was previously using Coded UI where there is a SetFocus element that points the focus towards whichever element you are targeting. Is there something similar in Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var button_Save = Driver.Instance.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;save&quot;));&#xA;button_Save.Submit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the problem is with the JavaScript on my page. My application can be slow and unpredictable. I tried telling it to wait until a certain field was not empty, but that didn't seem to work very well. Does anyone have any suggestions on how to handle this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7266" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T13:13:57.953" Title="Difficulty setting focus on element with Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8126" CreationDate="2014-03-24T18:05:07.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You probably need to use a Selenium JavascriptExecutor and call the command to get focus using JavaScript.   If your Firefox was in non-native selenium events mode, then this would make sense.   I would try Selenium 2.40.0 with Firefox 27 though, with native events enabled, just to see what happens, otherwise use the JavascriptExecutor as a workaround.  I have to use this method to get focus on new windows sometimes because Selenium wont do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2014-03-24T18:05:07.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8132" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-25T05:59:22.573" Score="1" ViewCount="571" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was writing a function to get the handle of current active window in the Application. For that I am using Extern.Declare to declare and use WinAPI functions. I need to use  EnumChildWindows which will enumerate through the child window by passing the top window handle using GetTopWindow WinAPI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EnumChildWindows has a parameter that is a pointer to an application-defined callback function, which I understand, is a limitation of the Extern object. What could be the workaround for this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My algorithm is something like this : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dim hwnd    ‘(Handle of my main Application)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;top_hwnd = GetTopWindow (hwnd)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;parent_hwnd = GetWindow (top_hwnd, GW_CHILD) ‘I need to do this to get the application handle since QTP/UFT gets confused with the Application handle and Ribbon handle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GetWindowHandleByClass(parent_hwnd , ClassName_child)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7324" LastEditorUserId="7324" LastEditDate="2014-03-26T16:03:27.687" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T22:47:06.360" Title="How to call a WinAPI function in QTP/UFT having a parameter that is a pointer to an application-defined callback function?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8084" CreationDate="2014-03-25T10:31:40.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can any one explain Assert.AreEqual(true, true)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verifies that two specified objects are equal. The assertion fails if the objects are not equal. Displays a message if the assertion fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;example and explanation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very simple NUnit test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;&#xA;namespace SampleUnitTest&#xA;{&#xA;  [TestFixture]&#xA;  public Class SampleTest&#xA;  {&#xA;    [Test]&#xA;    public void AddingOneAndOneResultsInTwo()&#xA;    {&#xA;      int two = 1 + 1;&#xA;&#xA;      Assert.AreEqual(2, two);&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explanation is simple too, integer value &lt;code&gt;two&lt;/code&gt; equals &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt; and then method &lt;code&gt;Assert.AreEqual(2, two)&lt;/code&gt; compares two values &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;two&lt;/code&gt;. That is, two references to the same object would evaluate as being equal; two clones of a same object would evaluate as being different. Unless you overload the Equals() instance method of the class(es) those objects belong to, or the == operator for said class(es).&#xA;Also, I suggest you to read official documentation and answers on stackoverflow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms243413.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms243413.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17222713/how-does-assert-areequal-compare-two-objects-in-net-unit-tests&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17222713/how-does-assert-areequal-compare-two-objects-in-net-unit-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-03-25T10:31:40.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8134" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-25T19:07:14.363" Score="1" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in my second semester as junior in college, and until recently, I've been on the pre-med track. Long story short, I realized that I wasn't planning on going to medical school because of my passion, but because it would make others (my parents) happy. Thus, up until now, all of my experience has been medically-related: volunteering, clubs, pre-med classes, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently, I've learned about SQA engineering, and from what I've learned so far, it's seems like an interesting field to work in that appeals to me. I'm still not sure if I'm dead-set on the field, but it certainly is an option I'm keeping in mind. That said, I took an AP Computer Science class my senior year of high school, and have intermediate understanding in HTML, and beginner's in CSS. That's as far as it goes with my computer science experience. I would consider changing my major from Biology to CompSci, but I'm already so far into my requirement courses that it would throwing all of my work away. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is: if I were to become an entry-level SQA engineer, how would I go about doing so? I know of some people who had no experience like me, and still got a job with good pay. I know I need to get certification, but my main concern is how I would size-up to those with computer science majors, and what can I do to better my chances at getting hired? And as a minor sidenote: do I need to do anything special (certification-wise) to work abroad, such as in the UK?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7328" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T14:55:00.057" Title="Changing course from Pre-Med to SQA engineering....what should I do?" Tags="&lt;training&gt;&lt;certification&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8132" CreationDate="2014-03-25T19:17:42.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms633494(v=vs.85).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms633494(v=vs.85).aspx&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pinvoke.net/default.aspx/user32/enumchildwindows.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.pinvoke.net/default.aspx/user32/enumchildwindows.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a c# example, but you wrap this in a dll and import into QTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, depending on the window you might be over-engineering a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you top window is the parent, and the window you need is GW_PopUp with a class #32770 then perhaps you can use GetWindow instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastEditorUserId="213" LastEditDate="2014-03-26T22:47:06.360" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T22:47:06.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8110" CreationDate="2014-03-25T19:31:01.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many ways to answer your question. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I start testing something, I always initially approach it from a &quot;black-box&quot; perspective. From a black box perspective testers should not know or imply anything about the internal implementation of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if I do know something about the implementation, then I may approach the problem from a gray box perspective. Gray box testing may help me target specific tests, but may also cause some bias in my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the goal of a test is to improve test coverage or code coverage then I would use a white/glass box testing approach where it would be essential for me to understand the implementation details in order to design effective tests more efficiently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now...the other question is whether testers should understand code/programming language. IMHO, yes they should understand the systems they are working on. Do they have to be proficient as developers...probably not. But, asking whether testers should understand programming concepts and fundamentals is like asking if nurses should understand first aid and common medical terms and concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-03-25T19:31:01.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8134" CreationDate="2014-03-25T22:36:29.520" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing certifications are crap.  Suck it up and do a Comp Sci degree as it will leave you with far more tech related options than QA.  What if you decide you don't like QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7042" LastEditorUserId="7042" LastEditDate="2014-03-26T00:43:22.140" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T00:43:22.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8139" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-02-11T21:21:40.157" Score="3" ViewCount="16020" Body="&lt;p&gt;The definition of regression testing makes it seem that any testing after bug-fixing is supposed to be called regression testing. But in the case that after bug-changes I just want to make sure the app works fine, would it be more appropriate to label the test case as functional or regression? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6521" OwnerDisplayName="simplycoding" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T09:47:50.637" Title="What type of testing is it when I am testing after bug fixes?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8139" CreationDate="2014-02-12T09:06:14.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional Tests are a type of test (taking user perspective, more gray-black box, more focussed on the the expectations of the users) whereas I see Regression Tests as a phase of tests. Like you mentioned you will launch some automated tests after a bug was fixed, to check all the features are still working. But you will also launch those tests after a new feature is added, to check that the existing features are not broken. In that situation I call that &quot;regression tests&quot;, but those tests are not made only of functional tests. Launching your unit tests portfolio or your performance tests is also a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" OwnerDisplayName="Laurent Bristiel" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T09:06:14.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8139" CreationDate="2014-02-12T19:32:21.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional testing is where the functionality of the product is tested. Whether the right product has been developed. Where as regression testing is done around the bug fixes to ensure that there are no injected issues. So in your case if you just to confirm that the fix is correct and check all the area which might be impacted by the fix, it will be regression testing. And if you want to check the overall functionality of the application just to see if it's not breaking, then smoke testing can be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Meetu Singh" LastActivityDate="2014-02-12T19:32:21.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8139" CreationDate="2014-03-18T05:31:44.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Regression testing is one of the most important types of testing, which checks whether a small change in any component of the application affects the unchanged components or not. This is done by re-executing the previous versions of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; The software is tested for the functional requirements. This checks whether the application is behaving according to the specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mutation Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; In mutation testing, the application is tested for the code that was modified after fixing a particular bug/defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="Arun" LastActivityDate="2014-03-18T05:31:44.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8139" CreationDate="2014-03-26T08:31:47.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not true that  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;any testing after bug-fixing is supposed to be called regression&#xA;  testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing whether a bug-fix was successful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You run one or more tests which failed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You analyse this failure and could identify a bug/defect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You correct this bug/defect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You run the test or tests from step 1 again to test whether your corrections fixed the bug/defect. This is called &lt;strong&gt;re-testing&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;confirmation testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing a previously tested software to find out whether changes did introduce or uncover new defects in unchanged areas of the software is called &lt;strong&gt;regression testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, these tests have different goals. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, it is possible that a test case which once failed could later be tagged as a regression test. In this case, the test case was once used for re-testing, and later for regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T08:31:47.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8139" CreationDate="2014-03-26T09:47:50.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are not completely right actually. Test engineer just need to verify bugfix after state of issue changed to resolved, &lt;strong&gt;just be sure that expected and actual result are same&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Test engineer does not need to execute regression testing after each bugfix&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression means retesting the unchanged parts of the application. Test cases are re-executed in order to check whether previous functionality of application is working fine and new changes have not introduced any new bugs. Regression testing is usually performed after verification of changes or new functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T09:47:50.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8134" CreationDate="2014-03-26T11:09:16.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't mention where you are - in some countries employers are more likely to want certifications, in others not so much. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Merch says, you definitely want to explore your options more. If you can switch some of your electives to comp sci courses, I'd recommend doing that in your next semester to give you a better idea if this is where you want to be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look around the internet (something I wish had been available to me umpteen years ago when I was having doubts about my first degree - Geology, for what that's worth) and read some testing blogs. Joe Strazzere's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;All Things Quality&lt;/a&gt; is a good one. So is Alan Page's &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tooth of the Weasel&lt;/a&gt;. Reading about the challenges involved in a testing career is something you definitely want to do, as is seeing if there's a tester meet-up anywhere near where you live - that would be a good opportunity for you to meet some of the more active people in the field and talk with them about your options and where you want to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T11:09:16.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8134" CreationDate="2014-03-26T14:55:00.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certification is just formal paper that prove you understand testing terms and process. Certification does not prove your skills. So I suggest you to get some engineering speciality at first and then find out about some SQA courses, read books, take a part in QA's conference. And, of course, how are going to verify quality of product without technical knowledges? I believe computer science or some technical degree background would be very useful and give you more chances to become great SQA Engineer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T14:55:00.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2693" CreationDate="2014-03-26T16:39:12.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having a robust framework is always a challenge for an Automation Engineer. I had worked on a project in which, we added every single object into the repository and finally found the maintenance activity as a Herculean task. Also, maintaining a local OR for every script will add to more chaos. (I hope you agree to this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the help of an Automation Engineer we arrived at a reasonably good framework and I will share some of the features that we follow here. (Ours is a Desktop application and you may correlate it to a web application)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adding only the parent dialog to the OR. &#xA;The controls that you want to access should be done through a function that identifies the child by its parent &amp;amp; classname/title etc&#xA;This will avert the cumbersome activity that might come up if you had added every single control to the OR. Since the parent is known, finding the appropriate child would be quick. Additionally, it won't eat up your time had you used DP. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maintain an include file in which you will be writing functions to define your parent objects (that you added to the OR). Different parents of the same class could be written in a same function and selected using SELECT CASE based on the parameter that you pass through the function. &#xA;This will not only reduce the length of your code, but also help in the easy maintenance of OR. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We maintain our repository on network. So if one person is modifying a file, it will be opened as a Read-only file for others. Also, if you have followed the approach mentioned in (1) &amp;amp; (2), OR will be just a one-time investment !&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7324" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T16:39:12.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-26T17:07:44.830" Score="1" ViewCount="5182" Body="&lt;p&gt;I using Mac OS X 10.8.5. I was using Firefox driver for testing. I would like to use chrome driver too. I searched and all i got is chromedriver for Mac-32 bit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T21:12:41.870" Title="Is there a ChromeDriver available for Mac OS X 64 bit?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8150" CreationDate="2014-03-26T20:43:07.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no 64-bit version of Chrome for Mac OS X, thus you also do not need a 64-bit chromedriver. Just use the 32-bit one :) put the executable somewhere in your path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question is a duplicate of: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17418223/where-to-download-chrome-driver-for-mac-64-bit&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17418223/where-to-download-chrome-driver-for-mac-64-bit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can monitor this issue for Mac OS X 64-bit chrome support: &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=18323&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=18323&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-03-26T20:43:07.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7911" CreationDate="2014-03-27T09:25:15.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not quite the same problem, but since I found this answer when googling, I'm providing my solution here too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to find the firefox executable to execute it from scripts like cucumber / selenium tests without hardcoding the path. Here's what I do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find it with  Spotlight&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;firefox_paths = %x[mdfind &quot;kMDItemFSName = Firefox.app&quot;]&#xA;firefox_path = firefox_paths.split('\n').first.chomp&#xA;firefox_executable_path = File.join(firefox_path, '/Contents/MacOS/firefox')&#xA;&#xA;Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Binary.path=firefox_executable_path&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way would be to dump launch services database and grep it out there&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Versions/A/Support/lsregister -dump \&#xA;  | grep -n7 org.mozilla.firefox \&#xA;  | grep path: \&#xA;  | awk '{ print($3) }'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7338" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T09:25:15.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8156" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-27T11:53:16.843" Score="18" ViewCount="11091" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I am a black-box tester and I don't think out of the box. I just think about happy paths, thus I want to improve. I always read that testers should have great &lt;strong&gt;critical, analytical skills&lt;/strong&gt; and should think &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;out of the box.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Well, what could be some real-life examples/scenario's where one could use this way of thinking? For instance I am testing a web based EIS application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks In Advance!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7343" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-03-29T17:33:55.127" LastActivityDate="2015-01-07T06:52:43.190" Title="How can a Software Tester use &quot;Out of the Box&quot; thinking approach to find more bugs?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8157" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8159" CreationDate="2014-03-27T12:17:23.857" Score="3" ViewCount="1435" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a way to perform a load test on a client-server GUI application, developed in .NET C#. I was under the impression that Visual Studio Team Foundation Server has an option for creating an executing a load test. But after doing some research I found out that with the load testing option within Visual Studio you can only load test a web application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if so, what alternatives do I have to create and execute a load test on this kind of application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: after further investigation I discovered you can use UI tests in your load test: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff468125%28v=vs.100%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff468125(v=vs.100).aspx&lt;/a&gt;, but that for every user you want to simulate, you need an additional agent PC, is that correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1588" LastEditorUserId="1588" LastEditDate="2014-03-27T12:40:52.193" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T13:52:58.753" Title="Load testing a C# client-server GUI application" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8157" CreationDate="2014-03-27T13:01:28.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There must be some communication across the network between client and server. A Visual Studio Web Performance Test can be used to simulate one end of that communication and so apply load to the other end. A common performance test simulates many clients to see how the server behaves. To do this you need to generate the same communications as the client would do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One approach is to run Fiddler2 on a client machine to capture all the network traffic generated by the client, to export the Fiddler2 log as a Visual Studio Web Performance Test and then use that in a Visual Studio Load Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance of the client is often less important. Only one client runs per computer and some client performance issues can be resolved by using a more powerful computer. Other client issues can be resolved, or at least investigated, by the usual methods for optimising a program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For you Coded UI question. Yes, Coded UI uses the mouse, keyboard and screen of a computer so only one Coded UI test can be run at a time on a computer. In a load test, Coded UI tests can be run on both physical or Virtual Machines. The number of simulated users is limited by the number of machines available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest using Task Manager or PerfMon on your client while manually using the application to get an idea of client performance. The perception of overall client performance is more likely to be controlled by server performance and the nature and quantity of the communications between client and server than it is by processing within the client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Load Test can combine Coded UI and Web Performance tests. It is possible to create Web Performance tests to keep the server busy with many simulated users. At the same time one or two Coded UI tests could run as part of the same load test. The Coded UI tests could &#xA;have code to collect timing data. The load test itself can collect any PerfMon counter available on other computers so it could collect performance data of the computers running Coded UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="6752" LastEditDate="2014-03-27T13:52:58.753" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T13:52:58.753" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-03-27T13:05:18.600" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA, Eddy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no experience in testing your software, so I have no real-world scenarios that may suit your application. And scenarios I know are typical for software that I tested, so they might be useless for you anyway. However, I have a number of general tricks or techniques that opened my mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Learn from existing bug reports&lt;/em&gt;. If your customers, other testers, and stakeholders are reporting bugs found on production, you may learn a lot about what can go wrong in your application. Do not just read them. Try to reproduce them. Involve yourself in verifying fixes for them, or helping developers to isolate root causes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Learn from checklists&lt;/em&gt;. Internet if full of checklists with examples of invalid input tests. Do not learn them by heart. Pick some of them and try on your application. Think of other possible invalid input cases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Learn about ins and outs of the app&lt;/em&gt;. On one side, try to understand how your application is used by your customers, what business scenarios stand behind their requirements. On the other side try to understand what is the architecture of your system and how data flow from an end-user through all modules of your system. This is to learn  thinking about a user as part of a system, so you will be able to answer how much a user will be impacted by a failure in a particular module.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Read good books&lt;/em&gt;. I highly recommend reading the chapter &quot;Thinking Like a Tester&quot; in &quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&quot;. It will tell you how to explore an application, how to ask questions about your application, find logical inconsistencies in your application and requirements, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-27T17:33:58.510" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T17:33:58.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-03-27T13:54:17.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing you can do is to start &quot;breaking things&quot;, and test the application's ability to handle failure modes. For example, you can edit or delete cookies during a session.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To guide your failure mode testing, you could build a &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/process-analysis-tools/overview/fmea.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Failure Mode Effect Analysis&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, which is essentially a spreadsheet that lists the various things that could fail - the probably and the severity if it fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T13:54:17.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-03-27T14:10:28.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To teach someone to think outside of the box is well, impossible. The thing you have to start doing is think about things like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What would happen if I put this into the hands of a 2 year old&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What would happen if someone used the software with malicious intents&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What would happen if someone who knows absolutely nothing about the software used it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These should be your starting points. A good example for each:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On a previous project, clicking items multiple times submitted them multiple times. No good.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The project had admin rights and you could open IE with the project. This gave the ability to access anything (including cmd.exe) with admin rights, again, no good.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The software was difficult to learn and used uncommon acronyms which allowed the user to make extremely 'fatal' mistakes. This increased risks within the software. While not a typical defect it is an area that could be improved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T14:10:28.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2014-03-27T15:30:41.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Retesting: we execute the one test case on bug fix to make sure that bug is resolved&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;regression testing: we re execute all or group of test cases on the application after many bug fixes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7348" LastEditorUserId="7348" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T17:25:10.023" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T17:25:10.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6672" CreationDate="2014-03-27T17:18:29.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can have a look on Karma which is based on NodeJs and specifically designed for AngularJs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://karma-runner.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://karma-runner.github.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7353" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T17:18:29.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-03-27T17:48:20.337" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some suggestions in addition to the good ones already listed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for things the software shouldn't do. Make it do them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's web-based, so what happens if it loses the network/internet partway through a multiple-screen operation? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for words in the specifications/user stories like &quot;should&quot;, &quot;always&quot;, &quot;never&quot;, and so forth. These indicate conditions involving rules. Now look at what happens at the edges of those rules. What happens just inside a limit? Exactly on the limit? Just outside it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With something like an EIS, you're dealing with a lot of complex variants that combine in rules. Set up the most absurd combinations of the rules you can think of, the things you doubt anyone would actually do. What happens? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Play with personas. Pretend you're the CEO of Santa Claus, Inc. and you want to know whether to get extra chimney breakage insurance this year. Or pretend to be a disgruntled accountant wanting to sabotage the CFO's financial forecasting for some reason. Or pretend to be the CEO's 5 year old daughter who wants to see the pretty flashy things show up on the screen because Daddy forgot to log off. And so on...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be destructive. Kill the system mid-transaction. What happens? (I'm actually serious here. At one place I worked, we had to reconstruct data and clean out corrupted data because the client's users would simply kill a process intended to run permanently when they wanted to use that machine for something else. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn Murphy's Laws of software. Then use them for good.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paste the entire text of &lt;em&gt;Hamlet&lt;/em&gt; into memo fields and save. (Hat tip to &lt;a href=&quot;http://qahatesyou.com/wordpress/&quot;&gt;QA Hates You&lt;/a&gt; for this one)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actually, read all of QA Hates You's dirty tricks, clean tricks and other posts. He has some lovely suggestions for devious testers to work with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the system lets you do something, do it, whether you should do it or not. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That includes running really massive data crawls. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And SQL injection.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should find with a  bit of practice looking for the gaps in assumptions (including yours) becomes easier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-27T17:48:20.337" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8170" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-27T20:35:13.013" Score="1" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to write tests to load a spreadsheet that populates users to a program site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if I can have a spreadsheet loaded to the site when the test runs on Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific, the application takes a spread sheet by browsing its location. What I want to do, is specify the location of the file in test environment, is this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7264" LastEditorUserId="8767" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T17:01:41.070" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T21:01:19.013" Title="Is there a way to load a spreadsheet to jenkins?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-05-20T20:19:26.147" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2014-03-28T07:27:48.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please see the below comments it will useful to know difference between regression and retest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/caFE6.png&quot; alt=&quot;Regression Vs Retest &quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2014-03-28T07:27:48.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-03-28T09:23:53.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a guy called Michael Hunter who goes by the name 'The Braidy Tester', among others. He worked (or maybe still works) at Microsoft as a tester. He's written a &lt;em&gt;great&lt;/em&gt; guide to testing the unhappy path - it's called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thebraidytester.com/downloads/YouAreNotDoneYet.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;You Are Not Done Yet&lt;/a&gt; (pdf), and while its main focus is desktop apps, it's also more widely applicable. I excerpt just some of the section headings here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Input Methods&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not done testing yet unless...you have tested&#xA;the following input methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(8 bullet points)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alerts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not done testing yet unless…you have searched out every&#xA;alert, warning, and error message and dialog box your application can&#xA;display and checked the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(15 bullet points)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Text Entry Fields&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not done testing yet unless...you have&#xA;covered the following boundary conditions for every text entry field&#xA;in your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(20 bullet points)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Platform&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not done testing unless...you have considered which&#xA;platforms to include in and which to omit from your test matrix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(talks about desktop platforms, but the browser is &lt;em&gt;definitely&lt;/em&gt; a&#xA;consideration for web apps!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance and Stress&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not done testing unless...you&#xA;understand the performance characteristics of your application and the&#xA;manner in which your product deforms under stress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(18 bullet points)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Documentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not done testing unless...you have reviewed all&#xA;documentation, a) to ensure that it is correct, and b) to help&#xA;generate test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(19 bullet points)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a really great resource. If you show it to a developer, they may well conclude it's impossible to ever write working software, which should be a nicely humbling experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4892" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-03-28T09:23:53.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8086" CreationDate="2014-03-28T10:33:43.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you find it if you use the .Text and then clicking it if it matches?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String Expectedtext = &quot;Procurement&quot;&#xA;String ProcurementButtonText = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//td&quot;)).Text;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;if (ProcurementButtonText == Expectedtext)&#xA;{&#xA;   driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//td&quot;)).click()&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2014-04-01T12:56:20.870" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T12:56:20.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8933" CreationDate="2014-03-28T17:43:16.660" Score="1" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;On any browser, mobile or desktop. Just curious. Knowing how to do this or if this is possible would make my life way easier for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5065" LastEditorUserId="5065" LastEditDate="2014-03-31T18:00:06.697" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T08:14:51.053" Title="Is there a way to save and reload browser appcache state?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8193" CreationDate="2014-03-28T18:13:07.790" Score="1" ViewCount="7369" Body="&lt;p&gt;When testing web applications I often write automated browser tests to test input field validation rules are enforced (not allowing the user to input dodgy data) and the appropriate messages are displayed to them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you conduct the equivalent types of test but bypassing the client side validation so that the server side validation is tested? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've done these kind of tests manually in the past by replaying a post request in fiddlr with different values. I'd really like to know if there's a good automated way of doing this so that I can include the tests in an automated regression pack to be run regularly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is specifically for a ruby on rails application in this case but I think this might be a language agnostic question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6953" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T12:46:53.990" Title="How do you automate testing a web applications server side input validation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-03-28T18:52:13.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I never used it that way, but I guess you can do that with &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html#logging_in&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-03-28T18:52:13.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8179" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-28T20:39:02.340" Score="1" ViewCount="908" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have developed a microcontroller application using an ADC, a RS232 port and some digital I/O.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I verify the application in black box fashion (not using development tools)? And are there any test tools for that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7376" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T10:34:49.290" Title="How to test embedded software running on a microcontroller?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3688" CreationDate="2014-03-29T09:09:28.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this situation, we are using the approach exposed by Bruce McLeod.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use a data generator to produce 4 datasets from the same configuration defined by the test case: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the input data for the test (run manually or with qtp) to fill gui forms for example, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the data inserted before test with soapui in the application to create the customers on which the test applies,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the control data that will help to diagnose the result of the based on inserted data (the expected status of the customer on which the test is run)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and finally the clean up data to be used to remove inserted data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our case we can batch preload data,  batch run  the tests, batch verify and batch cleanup. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I'm the owner of GEDIS Studio (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gedis-studio.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gedis-studio.com&lt;/a&gt;) we used that generator. But the approach can be implemented with any good shaped generator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But back to the core issue:how to maintain such a solution in a changing world ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, we rely only on application API, we never load or remove data directly in the database - too risky as we don't have time to maintain knowledge on the db and their changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My two cents advice is to rely on app’s API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7379" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T09:09:28.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8179" CreationDate="2014-03-29T15:21:00.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The four basic steps of any black box test are 1. Identify your oracles (How do you tell if something is a bug?), 2. Identify your &quot;surfaces&quot; (What are the variables that could change during testing?), 3. Identify your risks (What are the highest priority functions? - that will change as your testing progresses), and 4. Make a plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For oracles, do you have other devices to compare to? Do you have a list of formal requirements or an informal statement of how it should work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For surfaces, is there any interface specifications or limitations? How is the RS-232 configured? What are the expected limits on the ADC?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For risks, what is the most important function to evaluate for now? Again, this will change as you get deeper into the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the plan, don't get fancy. Just figure out a set of tests that will cover the surfaces you identified in a reasonable amount of time. You probably want to start with some fast, basic steps and then expand from there as things appear to be working. (Tests never &quot;pass&quot;, they just haven't been explored enough. Make it break!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T15:21:00.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="689" CreationDate="2014-03-29T23:39:51.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does seem to me that the deployment cadence is almost always of a lower frequency than the delivery (by devs) cadence. Also, that you don't get value to the customer until you pass a critical mass of components. Also, there is often a piece of legacy software that is resistant to automated testing. Also, (but not finally), stuff comes out of the woodwork that no one would think of automating, maybe because the solution, or technical designs just got it wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These make me think that it might always be appropriate to have 'super stories', that each depend on a number of stories being delivered into the pipeline (not deployed), that allow for exploratory and user testing, and which end with a deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I being too old hat?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7385" LastActivityDate="2014-03-29T23:39:51.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8184" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-30T09:10:05.443" Score="1" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;em&gt;hardware random number generator&lt;/em&gt; is an electronic device that plugs into a computer and produces genuine random numbers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to test hardware random number generators?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What techniques, tools or tricks to solve the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Any practical difficulties, implementation complexities etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are there any bounds on this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7389" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-03-30T09:53:28.537" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T10:54:00.207" Title="How to test hardware of random number generators?" Tags="&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8179" CreationDate="2014-03-30T10:34:49.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start by forgetting about the &quot;micro-controller&quot; and &quot;embedded&quot; parts and design tests like for any other system. Look at the specifications, explicit and implicit, and design tests o cover them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test tools ? there are a lot of test tools that match your general description and can generate analog signals, RS232 (even your PC can) or digital signals, you'll have to be more specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T10:34:49.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8186" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-30T21:01:27.460" Score="2" ViewCount="404" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which criteria do you usually use to decide what is more important to test and what is less important? I mostly have two parameters: what's the likelihood that the user will encounter the scenario under test, and what is the impact to the user if the scenario breaks. I will tend to test those scenarios with the highest occurrence rate and with the highest impact. Sometimes I would also add to the mix the probability that there is a bug in the scenario. So I would usually put more testing resources to areas that were not tested enough, have a more complex functionality or have a higher occurrence of bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which criteria do you apply to decide what to focus your testing efforts on?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastEditorUserId="7238" LastEditDate="2014-03-31T09:14:22.263" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T06:59:59.490" Title="Criteria for deciding what is more important to test" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8186" CreationDate="2014-03-30T22:11:00.440" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to save your team time and pain, and you do that by focusing on potential issues that are going to be much less costly if we catch them sooner rather than later. I usually start by asking myself &quot;what feature(s), if broken will…”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;block me from the majority testing,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be particularly difficult/time-consuming for the developer, or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;require fixes that are potentially wide-reaching and will therefore result in me needing to re-test other scenarios in my test plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The faster I get those bugs back to my developer, the faster he or she can commit a fix. The earlier in the process I do that, the less likely it will be that I’ll need to re-test things that the new commit might have impacted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the most basic happy path surrounding NEW code, for 10 minutes.&lt;/strong&gt; If you aren't able to perform the most basic functions of a new feature, you need to get the code back in the hands of your developer as soon as possible. Chances are, if something is broken here, it could be a longer fix.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test functionality that impacts a large percentage of the code base as a whole.&lt;/strong&gt; This is where we find dependencies that we didn't think could &lt;em&gt;possibly&lt;/em&gt; be impacted by our changes. It’s much better to find these early, because they could indicate a need for deeper code reviews, and also wider regression testing and an adjustment to your test plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the critical functionality, and the most commonly used areas.&lt;/strong&gt; What does your app NEED to be able to do? What do most people use it for? What are the potential blockers that are the only reason some users use your site or app?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the potential areas of high risk.&lt;/strong&gt; Data loss. Load/Performance issues. This should be part of a conversation you have as a team - what are the biggest risks involved in this sprint? What are the worst-case scenarios? This is also the time where it’s most beneficial to test in a stage environment that replicates production as closely as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then normal regression testing on down to edge cases and thinking of creative ways to break stuff (my favorite part).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7387" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T22:11:00.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8186" CreationDate="2014-03-30T22:31:50.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Of course) it is subjective, here are two key parameters that I employ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;So, how important (business wise) is this feature/area to the end user, w.r.t. the current deliverable (release,patch update,sprint etc) ? What &quot;matters&quot; to the end user ?&#xA;Which existing features they use most/more ? Which new features are they most likely to use more/most?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;So, when was it last tested ? How much do we know about the feature/area as of today ? What has changed since then (time, code, test environment,change in user expectations, change in business expectations ) ? What risk does that change  carry ? How does the risk impact 1 above ? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="598" LastActivityDate="2014-03-30T22:31:50.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-31T04:55:33.563" Score="3" ViewCount="368" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 1.5 years of manual testing experience from a leading organization. Can you please suggest how I can achieve more and gain onsite opportunities from the organisation. Please do a little unicast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7393" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-03-31T11:16:18.313" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T14:34:18.347" Title="How to pursue good career in Manual Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-31T10:37:31.480" Score="3" ViewCount="310" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to handle the situation where communicated bugs by the qa are duplicated as new issues by members of the project other than qa? What is the role if qa in this situation?&#xA;Additional note: Time is limited, bug triage is impossible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T17:49:36.747" Title="How to solve miscommunication issues with qa in order to decrease task redundancy?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-03-31T11:39:06.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many different ways to do this, depending on the tools you have available and the way your server-side code runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have a means to interact with the server via API, you can use that to test server side validation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alternatively, you can use tools like Fiddlr to directly send parameters and parse responses. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some of the load-testing tools will allow you to do this by sending values through HTTP and returning the responses. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you know enough html or have the ability to disable your application's client-side validation, you can use the client to send your unvalidated data and verify the results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depending on the browser, you may be able to use the built-in browser developer tools to send requests and process responses. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other options, too - this is just what comes to mind immediately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T11:39:06.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8191" CreationDate="2014-03-31T11:47:52.700" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without being flippant, this sounds like you've got a serious communication problem in the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the limited timeframe, here's a few things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;everyone in the team needs to know what a good bug report looks like&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;everyone in the team needs to &lt;em&gt;search&lt;/em&gt; for a bug report on the issue they're seeing before they write up a bug report. This means that bug report descriptions need to give a clear idea of the problem: I typically format my titles this way: &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ModuleName:SubModule/PageName - ActionDescription produces&#xA;  ErrorDescription&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the bug reporting tool must have a good search function. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;anyone who finds a duplicate should link that duplicate to the original issue and close the duplicate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can get everyone on the team doing this, it will help to reduce the number of duplicates created, and help to clear the number of duplicates active in the system without someone having to take the time for triage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, despite the time constraints it's still important for someone to be performing bug triage to prevent time being lost. There's a saying in software that applies to your situation: &quot;If you don't have time to do it right, you will have time to do it over.&quot; Not taking the time for bug triage guarantees that you'll be taking that much time or more doing the same things over and over for all the duplicate issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T11:47:52.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8191" CreationDate="2014-03-31T12:31:45.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug triage is very important, especially when time is limited. Bugs have different levels of severity. Examples include very high: someone may die as a result; high: the company may lose business; medium: the customer will be upset; low: there is a minor spelling mistake. The actual outcomes and severities depend upon the organisation. Bug triage is about assessing bug severity and its impact on the project and the business; deciding which bugs need fixing soon and which can be delayed. Bug triage is about focussing your scarce bug fixing resources on the important bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kate's suggestion that &quot;&lt;em&gt;everyone in the team needs to search for a bug report on the issue they're seeing before they write up a bug report&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is very good but some teams may feel that that will take up too much time for the team members. Perhaps it would be better for the team members to do a quick check and, if no similar bug found, report the bug. Then rely on bug triage to detect duplicates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T12:31:45.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8190" CreationDate="2014-03-31T14:30:35.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm struggling to understand your question, although I'd start by advising you to ask your line manager about the possibility of taking the ISTQB ISEB Foundation Software Testing course and exam. Depending on the type of testing you have been exposed to, ask if you can work on some other projects that would involve different testing techniques from what you have experienced thus far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.istqb.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Purchase the book and start reading the syllabus. You can get it from Amazon for around £20.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T14:30:35.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8190" CreationDate="2014-03-31T14:34:18.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a great question. I am in nearly the same point in my career, about 15 months total in QA and honestly my career is taking off like a rocket in my mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The steps I follow are rather simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Learn something new constantly&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be difficult depending on the situation you are in with your company and your experiences. I was an API tester with some personal development experience. I decided to create a GUI and a framework for the API and Data preparation that just made my job and the job of the people around me a lot easier and more efficient. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did that in my personal and spare time at work so that I could still achieve all of my desired results from my daily tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be adaptable and flexible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By this I mean do what it takes to stand above the rest. Chances are you are one in at least 100 - 200 people in your department. When the person in charge of your department thinks of you, what will he think of? Will it be he is one of my testers or will it be he's the guy that gets stuff done. You want to be the second one. Always look for things to do, ways to productively spend your spare time and drive the department. For example, a couple weeks ago I went ahead and cleaned out my department's lab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Learn the SDLC&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having experience with the Software Development Life Cycle as a whole will be extremely beneficial. A lot of people have expertise in their portions of the SDLC but have no clue what role others play in it. This gives you a huge advantage over others in your field since you can understand what the developers, PMs, BAs, SAs and such are looking for in the project. It also gives you the ability to have compassion and respect for their crucial roles in the project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find your niche&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is probably the most crucial. Find the area in your company where you stand out above the rest. This doesn't even &lt;em&gt;have&lt;/em&gt; to be something directly related to your position. But it is important to be the &lt;em&gt;best&lt;/em&gt; at something. Whatever it might be, make sure you are the best in your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you combine all of the above together you get a couple of basic traits that will lead to a successful fruitful career. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adapt and Overcome&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be the go-to guy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand your co-workers jobs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T14:34:18.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8184" CreationDate="2014-03-31T17:10:30.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The test would have to be based on the requirement, since all random number generators are &quot;pseudo-random&quot;. Here are some questions I would ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How random does it have to be? A children's game and a jury pool selection application would have different randomness requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once that is established, you would have to run a large enough statistical population to verify the randomness level. Does the pattern repeat every time it is started? Does it favor some starting patterns over others?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Knowledge of the application architecture is important. Some designs may have a fixed population of &quot;random&quot; patterns that it simply sequence through and just retains it's last stopping point. That may be intentional and perfectly suitable for some application. (It also simplifies the testing a lot!)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T17:10:30.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8191" CreationDate="2014-03-31T17:49:36.747" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say that bug triage is impossible (or improbable), you need to determine the opportunity costs associated with that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the case where no triage is performed, there is the probability that a single or multiple developers will attempt to fix the same bug. At minimum, there is wasted development time that could be focused on other areas. Worse, the developers could check in fixes at different locations in the code that end up counteracting each other, resulting in more lost time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the case where a tester performs a triage in the background, they may identify bugs that are duplicated and can avoid the worst case disaster above. The loss is some areas of the application may get less testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another case is a tester dedicated to reviewing bugs before they are submitted to the developers. That sound like a bottleneck, but can occur very quickly if you have an experienced tester performing it. That person has to have a good understanding of the application(s) and the testing experience to understand severity and impact evaluation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are always alternatives, it is just a matter of balancing the costs for your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T17:49:36.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8200" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-03-31T17:59:39.217" Score="1" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;On any mobile browser. Any info would be appreciated. I think I know how to do it on mobile safari, but I don't know about any of the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5065" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T08:43:14.670" Title="Is there a way to empty the browser appcache on mobile browsers?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:22:03.493" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8186" CreationDate="2014-03-31T18:06:46.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a simple answer: the most important area to test will be where the bugs are. That sounds flippant, but it is true. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now compare that to your statement in the description about testing the most commonly-used areas of the application. Instead, what you should be testing are the boundaries and gaps in the application. You should be taking functions that are well documented and setting them up the wrong way (Did that crash the application?). You should be testing as an impatient, nervous, or manually-disadvantaged user (with a hand motor control problem): click around the screen where it should not respond, multiple click buttons, click buttons very fast, click buttons very slowly, click them out of order. Reenter the screen multiple times, send multiple repeated control characters to a screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't do that with all application functions, but you can do it on a regular basis, especially with new functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-03-31T18:06:46.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8200" CreationDate="2014-04-01T07:58:54.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use those links :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mozilla &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/clearing-cookies-private-data-history-and-settings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/clearing-cookies-private-data-history-and-settings&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/2392709?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/2392709?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7400" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T07:58:54.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8186" CreationDate="2014-04-01T09:03:37.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probability * impact = risk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the way to go in theory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Practically it's not so easy to correctly, accurately, and consistently across tests to quantify impact and probability. Each of the stakeholders might have a different view of the &#xA;probability or impact, and the data itself might not be obvious especially when you are dealing with a never released product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that talking about scenarios is what we usually do, but failures are the ones creating an impact, and failures might be related to more than one scenario, require a series of scenarios or a high impact one can hide in a low probability scenario making the risk high but unknown to you (unknown unknowns etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T09:03:37.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8205" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-01T09:20:22.760" Score="1" ViewCount="970" Body="&lt;p&gt;For instance, i have to make test cases for a Login Page. I see that all testers have their own style of creating test cases.. they use different words and different sentences. what are some unique words which a testers can use to make test case look more formal. for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the url &quot;google.com&quot; in your browser... one can write Navigate to google.com.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share some unique styles of designing cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7402" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T12:51:23.943" Title="What are some different styles of writing test cases?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-04-02T15:34:20.433" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8205" CreationDate="2014-04-01T11:18:51.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I find the style of writing a test case is irrelevant as long as the essential information for it is there: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who&lt;/strong&gt; will be performing the test - the level of detail I use will be different for a test that's being performed by an experienced tester than for one that I expect a novice tester to perform. I'll give more guidelines to a novice and use more shorthand for an experienced tester.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; the test needs to do - again, the level of detail will vary. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; the result should be. This is usually not something I describe in painstaking detail because my test cases tend to be more guidelines for exploration than step-by-step &quot;click this button&quot; type things.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;When&lt;/em&gt; the test should be performed - including any prerequisites for the specific test. The nature of software development means I'll often use a single sequence of actions to verify multiple things at once. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where&lt;/strong&gt; in the application and in the test environment the test is being performed - including the need to use a hardware lab, the need to access the application via the Internet rather than from a locally hosted instance and so forth. I've tested in situations where all of these factors are involved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why&lt;/strong&gt; the test is being performed - this could be as simple as there being a requirement that the software does X, therefore I have to test that the software does X. It could also be a lot more complex and based around what I know of the application user base (is this feature only accessible to specific users who will always be trained, or is it open to the general public?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How&lt;/strong&gt; the test needs to be performed - mostly this is implicit, but there are times when it's necessary to specify that the test needs to be done with keyboard entry or via touch-screen or... You get the idea. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these factors go into what I write in a test case, which is usually in the form of stripped down notes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T11:18:51.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8186" CreationDate="2014-04-01T11:49:44.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other &quot;must test&quot; areas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regulatory requirements - Industry/Government/etc musts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Safety requirements - personal/mechanical/etc safety requirements&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data protection&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7405" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-04-01T16:28:27.430" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T16:28:27.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8205" CreationDate="2014-04-01T12:51:23.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're simply looking for examples and formalisations to choose from, I'll add mine... else Kate is kinda right and this needs a bit more direction question wise ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like Kate's principles in her answer, I cover mostly the same stuff but in a specific format I find very comfortable for 'me', and applies a little more multi-purposing to the output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use STR (blog post coming in the near future). It means 'Steps to Reproduce' and is effectively just that. Everyone knows how to follow 'steps'. They're ingrained in instruction manuals and recipes for cooking from the moment we start doing things for ourselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main reason for using this is that it's human readable. It's basic common sense lowest-common-denominator-style formatting that should be useful, understandable and clear for any level of Internal &amp;amp; External customer. It also stops you from using 'Technical Terms'... which frankly mean jack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It breaks down like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;STR via &amp;lt;tool/service/location&amp;gt;:&#xA;&#xA; 1. Step &amp;gt; next step &amp;gt; next step&#xA; 2. more of the same&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Filling this in, you get something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;STR via Control Panel:&#xA;&#xA;1. Load &quot;url.com/suburl/deeper&quot; &amp;gt; Click 'Login' &amp;gt; Fill in Login Details&#xA;2. ....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, In that one step there are some assumptions. Firstly, you've established pre-conditions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Browser: Firefox (beta track/28.3.456)&#xA;Product: Awesome Thing&#xA;OS: OSX Mavericks (10.x.x)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing this you set the person reading this on a certain track, and can instantly tell whether they meet the test conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, there's a &lt;strong&gt;'&gt;'&lt;/strong&gt; between steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use this to show that I'm expecting a result between these steps, for example if I load that url the expected result is I'm shown a page with a Login button. This means you can get away from using Step, Expected Result, Actual Result (as taught by the painfully outdated ISTQB Syllabus). Effectively, the &lt;strong&gt;'&gt;'&lt;/strong&gt; implies a potential failure state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thirdly, there are different quote depths. &quot;Thing&quot; means you can copy and paste directly, 'stuff' means there should be something you can see and interact with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These subtler details are more useful for technical teams, while at the same time notifying a difference to the casual observer between key steps in the test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fuller example so you can see how it all comes together:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Front-End URL: (all STR will be relative to this URL)&#xA;Back-End URL: (links to any dashboards/CMS tools/services)&#xA;Browsers Tested: Chrome (latest Auto-update Version)&#xA;OS's Tested: OSX Mavericks&#xA;Resolutions Tested: &amp;lt;link to standards doc goes here&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;PREP WORK:&#xA;&#xA;Please make sure you have the visuals to hand when &#xA;testing this work, you will need to refer to them &#xA;to confirm context, text, image placement etc&#xA;&#xA;Login - Nav Options: &amp;lt;-- this is just an informative header, optional.&#xA;&#xA;STR via Front-End&#xA;&#xA;1. Load &quot;http://genericthing.com/&quot; &amp;gt; Confirm page fully loads&#xA;2. Click the empty avatar &amp;gt; Login &amp;gt; Fill in valid email and password (&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;3. Click ‘Login’ &amp;gt; Confirm you see the Hub/Dashboard page - Yes = Continue&#xA;4. In turn, Click each of the top-nav tabs and confirm content is loaded&#xA;5. Click 'Hub' in the top-nav &amp;gt; Confirm that:&#xA; 5a. Graphs have tooltips&#xA; 5b. Lines match the data set&#xA; 5c. Layout matches visuals&#xA;6. Logout &amp;gt; Click 'Login' &amp;gt; Fill in the wrong password (&quot;rubbish&quot;)&#xA;7. Confirm suitable error message is displayed &amp;gt; Yes = PASS&#xA;&#xA;COMMENTS:&#xA;&#xA;Repeat as necessary for additional browsers.&#xA;&#xA;Other comments and observations that aren’t a failure,&#xA;but may add additional future work “This looked crap, &#xA;this took me additional clicks that aren't necessary”&#xA;&#xA;Russ - Uber QA Guy&#xA;&amp;lt;Contact number&amp;gt;&#xA;russ@awesometesters.com&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may have noticed one or two other things in there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I used things like 'Confirm x' - This is an embedded confirmation, saving time and additional test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has clear calls to action - Yes = CONTINUE, YES = PASS, No = PASS, No = FAIL - This helps the user understand if they've hit a wall or not, and whether they should start considering something a bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I used 5a,5b,5c - These are Varients. These are your use cases, again this is a method of reducing the number of test cases required, but still giving the same coverage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to remain consistent with word usage: Confirm, Load, Click etc. This is more for maintaining good practice and standards than anything else. It also makes it easier when implementing automation off the back of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I find this more useful than using Gherkin. I 'know' it's a quick route to automation, but quick isn't necessarily correct. In the majority of cases where I've tried to get people to compare Ghekrin to STR, STR always wins out. I don't see the point in abstracted languages, especially in Gherkins case as people so often forget cucumber is even there to help and constantly right their own definitions and calls etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said above, STR is just comfortable. Not just for me but for other people reading it. When you export your test libraries for Client Facing test packs, you don't have to change anything, it's easy enough for anyone to follow, quick to read and understand the point and SHORT due to embedding the important things, and making core assumptions about when something should have failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways, as an example of another way people do test cases, that's mine &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T12:51:23.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2921" CreationDate="2014-04-01T12:53:57.670" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am seeing one issue in this. I am getting &quot;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: jQuery is not defined&quot; exception on executing js.executeAsyncScript(jQueryLoader);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7406" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T12:53:57.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8086" CreationDate="2014-04-01T18:11:51.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two parts to this.  The first is that you need to be sure that your xPath is correct.  One way to validate that is to use a tool like Firefinder (a firefox extension for firebug).  Navigate to your page and be sure the element you need is present and then hit f12 and go to the FireFinder section.  Enter in the xpath you are using and see if it can be found.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming your xpath is correct then you might want to investigate using an explicit wait if from some reason you are waiting on the page element to load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(_driver, 10);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(topMenu));&#xA;    topMenu.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suspect though this is failing because your xPath is not quite right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2014-04-01T18:11:51.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-04-02T02:44:52.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key question here is the allocation of time and effort. For anything other than a very tiny, trivial embedded controller, the things you COULD test go quickly into the billions and trillions if you start trying to enumerate them. Randomly thinking up cool and clever obscure things to test might be emotionally satisfying, but you may not be helping anyone by doing so. In fact, given your limited time budget, you might actually be hurting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The better approach is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) How much time to I have available and how many tests can I perform in that time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Given the extremely tiny percentage of &quot;total coverage&quot; involved, what are the most valuable things I can test with that time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This second one is very difficult and will change depending on where you are in the development path. For example, early in the program you will want to identify particular tests which if failed eliminate large parts of the functionality of the product (a whole subsystem won't come to life at all) You certainly don't want to be fiddling around with some clever &quot;out of the box&quot; test in some obscure corner of the product if you have not yet verified that all the major subsystems are up and running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If and when you get to a stage in the program at which all the predefined tests of major functions pass and you have extra time on your hands (very few projects ever ewch this stage) then you might to start to be creative. Even then, however, the  focus should be on some careful thought about what matters to the customer and attack that in some sort of priority order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The FMEA framework mentioned above is an excellent place to start. Although most FMEA material is hardware focused, you can certainly produce a sensible, simple framework for examining your software system as well. I usually recommend something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) list all inputs at a high, functinal level (get ocean water temperature)&#xA;B) list all outputs (command rudder to turn, print weather report, sound fire alarm)&#xA;C) list transformations ie: big blocks of function that turn inputs into outputs&#xA;D) list underlying platform services your software is dependent on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then go throught this list and ask &quot;what would happen to my customer if this item was totally missing&quot; or (usually worse!) if the item was there, but was erroneous. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go through that list and get some sense of how severly the customer would be hurt. Focus the little bit of extra time you might have on the top few most severe impact items on the list. For these items, do all the things that everyone else mentioned. Try to make it fail. Stress test it. Use yiur creativity..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;David Hetherington&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7413" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T02:44:52.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7814" CreationDate="2014-04-02T04:25:18.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the date field accept dates in the specified format ie dd/mm/yy or mm/dd/yy or yyyy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the date field does not accept characters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the day field accepts values between 1 and 30/31 according to the month.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the day field does not accept any values less than 1 or greater than 31. For example; day field should not accept 0 and 32 or more.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the day field does not accept 30/31 for the second month(February).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the day field does not accept 29 for the second month(February) unless it is a leap year.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the day field and month field accepts the format 1 and 01.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the month field accepts value between 1 and 12.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the month field does not accept 0 and 13 or more.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the year field does not accept 0000.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the year field does not accept 'yy' (12) if the required format is 'yyyy'(2012).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the day,month and year are separated by – or /.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the date field cannot be left blank if the field is set as mandatory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, if the date field is set with a calendar then,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that a calendar pops up on clicking the date field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the user is able to select the desired date on the calendar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the calendar disappears after a date is selected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the selected date is displayed on the date field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T04:25:18.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8216" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8221" CreationDate="2014-04-02T06:38:18.600" Score="0" ViewCount="1056" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to create a suite of regression tests for an asp.net / javascript website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been playing with selenuim &amp;amp; MS CodedUI tests but these all seem very complicated and more suited to a developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a simpler tool that will allow me to take screen shots of sections of a page, and if that section changes, the test fails?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my idea flawed or incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I be asking how should I create robust and non fragile Website UI regression tests and what tools will help non developers create this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The long term goal in the future one day, will be to create a robust and automated build service that can verify that the site is in a releasable state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7414" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T11:34:16.707" Title="Screen Capture Website images for UI regression testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8216" CreationDate="2014-04-02T06:49:23.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO it is not always a good idea create tests based on UI, they are really hard to maintain, btw for your case you can have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SIKULI&lt;/a&gt;, it is an UI automate testing tool, it is perfect for your goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3025" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T06:49:23.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-02T07:25:33.190" Score="-2" ViewCount="4786" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to scrape data from a site I did code for. I want to scrape data on button click event but when I run my program it throws an exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exception is: &lt;code&gt;java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/common/base/Function&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I remove this exception and work my program&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code which I tried&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class GetData {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String args[]) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.upmandiparishad.in/commodityWiseAll.aspx&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        // select barge&#xA;        new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_ddl_commodity&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;Jo&quot;);&#xA;        // click button&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_btn_show&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&#xA;        //get only table tex&#xA;        WebElement findElement = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;grid-view&quot;));&#xA;        String htmlTableText = findElement.getText();&#xA;        // do whatever you want now, This is raw table values.&#xA;        System.out.println(htmlTableText);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7415" LastEditorUserId="8877" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T08:33:55.793" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T10:19:33.037" Title="Selenium with Java to scrape data from website" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8216" CreationDate="2014-04-02T11:34:16.707" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For really good, robust, maintainable UI automated regression, you need code. Using screenshots is bad for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even with a fuzz tolerance built in to prevent things like the exact color of the display throwing false positives, there are too many trivial things that can throw a false positive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A change of display resolution will utterly destroy your regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You still have to interact with the application to get to the screens you're wanting to check. That's going to take either a lot of repetitive record/playback (bad) or well-optimized coding, particularly if you're dealing with the kind of application that doesn't do anything unless you're logged in with the proper credentials.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screenshots don't tell you if the data your application is storing is correct.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For look and feel, there is no better tool than the human eyeball. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A human will always be better at determining whether a change to a screen is significant or not. A computer comparison algorithm will tell you that something has changed. It won't tell you if the change matters. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The UI of your web application is going to be different depending on the browser running the tests. Rendering of form fields varies dramatically between browsers. If you maintain a set of screenshots for one browser, you won't know if something has caused a rendering issue on a different browser. If you commit to automated testing against multiple browsers, you're talking about maintaining a massive amount of &lt;em&gt;frequently changing&lt;/em&gt; screenshots. It's a maintenance nightmare.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Properly done automated functional regression &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, Selenium and CodedUI are probably not the best tools for someone with limited coding experience. The tools I know that could meet your needs as stated are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SmartBear's TestComplete has what they call &quot;keyword testing&quot; which does most of the heavy lifting for you in terms of code. The licensing model is one of the cheaper ones for big box tools. There are a number of free to view webinars on the SmartBear site that demonstrate how the tool works (I am not affiliated with SmartBear in any way, but I used TestComplete for nearly 7 years).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestAnywhere is an image-based tool that's reasonably sophisticated and can probably do what you want without overwhelming you. I personally found it too limited for what I needed, but then I'm comfortable with coding and have worked as a programmer in the past. It uses a hybrid of object identification and screenshots of individual fields to identify items. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T11:34:16.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8222" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8227" CreationDate="2014-04-02T14:51:41.667" Score="2" ViewCount="3331" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the selenium ide to create test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will the &quot;AndWait&quot; commands wait for an ajax operation to complete? Is there a specific command that can help with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to use the selenium ide to create the tests as much as possible, I've seen &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/160/how-do-you-wait-for-jquery-ajax-calls-to-complete-in-selenium-2&quot;&gt;How do you wait for jQuery Ajax calls to complete in Selenium 2&lt;/a&gt; which is similar to what I'm asking but I'm not using c# at this point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user6724" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T20:18:19.187" Title="How to wait for ajax calls using a selenium command" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8226" CreationDate="2014-04-02T15:00:05.167" Score="0" ViewCount="571" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can create a Test Plan in Microsoft Test Manager. In that plan, I can add Test Cases and execute them.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issue is that whn someone gives me a Test Case number (ID), it is not possible for me to know in which Test Plan it was executed and if it passed the tests or not. Is there a way, to either : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know in which Test Plan the Test Case was executed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know the results of the last execution of the Test Case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm new to MTM and looking online didn't help me much as I seem to be the only one wondering about this (probably because there is an obvious solution)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7418" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T11:56:48.510" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T11:56:48.510" Title="How to keep track of Test Case versus Test Plan" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12741" CreationDate="2014-04-02T15:10:47.610" Score="0" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a suitable tool or method that will allow me to alter the reported free disk drive space. This is in order to ensure that software installation correctly fails if minimum free HDD space is not available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My environment for this test is strictly Windows based Vista through to 8.1, both 32 and 64 bit versions. Some of the test environments are VM's and others dedicated test boxes. The software installer uses WiX toolset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked into configuring VM's with tiny virtual drives to provide a similar result but ideally would require a tool that can be run within OS that would provide flexibility to alter the reported space on the fly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5433" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T13:22:15.027" Title="Method or tool to alter reported free disk space for software installation test" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8223" CreationDate="2014-04-02T16:54:51.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This isn't possible without some serious messing around with the TFS API right now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of the problem is that internally test cases are stored as &lt;em&gt;work items&lt;/em&gt; where test plans and test results are stored in completely different parts of the system with complex relationship structures. As a result, the built in query engine can't access them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/768487/mtm-12-web-feedback-allow-tester-to-view-multiple-test-plans&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/768487/mtm-12-web-feedback-allow-tester-to-view-multiple-test-plans&lt;/a&gt; has a request which is currently on the list of &quot;we'll do this eventually&quot; which would help. You can also join (if you aren't already a member) and add your own request or vote on those that you think would be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T16:54:51.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8222" CreationDate="2014-04-02T17:53:46.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit and Implicit Waits&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wait.until(condition) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;waitForElementPresent(locator)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information here:&#xA; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp#implicit-waits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Advanced Webdriver Usage with &quot;implicit waits&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6430" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-04-03T11:13:28.527" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T11:13:28.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-04-02T18:36:22.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think of the daft/cleaver things that users do then over do them, think of what happens in the real world, with real people:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Power cuts, signal loss, phone calls, door bells, meetings can all interrupt the filling in of a form - what happens if you half fill the form in before leaving for the night then try to finish in the morning?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My favourite for web tests that developers hate is log on as one user, start filling the form, in a separate window log in as a different user, run a query or call up a form, return to original window and click submit, ditto with a different browser.  - People do sometimes do exactly this if they need to check something from the previous pages - what should the behavior be, is it specified?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also elderly or experimental browsers are usually able to produce interesting results as are slow or shared web connections, firewalls, etc.  Once had a web site demonstrated that looked grate on a Mac with 19&quot; XGA display and a T1 connection - I made them try it on PC with VGA on a 9600 baud connection.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To make yourself really popular install a screen reader, turn off the monitor and try using the system with the keyboard only - the developers may curse you but the estimated 6 million plus blind or visually impaired adults in the USA alone will not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try turning the colour down on the monitor or changing the display settings to simulate colour blindness - does that make the forms unusable? (About 8 percent of males, but only 0.5 percent of females, are color blind to some degree or another).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try not answering binary questions - even Male/Female may be a problem if someone is unwilling to answer or is in transition - it also may have been different at birth to what it is now my favorite answer to a questionnaire that asked Sex? was &quot;as often as possible&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T18:36:22.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8078" CreationDate="2014-04-02T20:18:33.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Plan plan plan!!! The greatest cost of automated tests is maintenance, and as the project grows it gets more and more difficult to do if the proper amount of planning wasn't utilized during the initial design of the test project. Whether an application is still under development or not, the first thing you should do (if you don't have one already) is write a testing framework that will interpret to webdriver calls.  If you have driver doing anything in your actual test method, it's bad design and should be fixed immediately. For all of my projects, I actually have two frameworks; a very abstract base framework that can be reused across all projects, and then each project has a more specific framework that will only be used for that project. I've seen some designs that have 4-7 layers but I've never found a need to contain all navigation in a specific layer and ideas like that. My test classes initialize the driver in the constructor and that's it. The only thing webdriver is doing in the less abstract class is finding the mapped elements and navigating.  Everything else is accomplished in the base framework, so you can get a lot of the work out of the way before the first page is even deployed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The nice thing about having a base framework is it keeps your tests from getting messy and hard to read, because if you're just using Webdriver, you've got two options:&#xA;Dynamically find each element with the driver or create an element that is specific to one browser, i.e. FirefoxElement or ChromeElement.  If you build a framework, you can type these elements specifically and give different functionality to the different types of elements.  For example, ButtonElement, InputElement, SelectElement, and so on.  These elements shouldn't inherit from IWebElement, but instead contain an IWebElement element (the &quot;favor composition over inheritance&quot; principle); besides, inheriting from IWebElement is a giant pain.  The constructor of such could either take an IWebElement or an ISearchContext, so you could either find the element with the driver or pass in a By.  Frameworks will also allow for greater code reuse.  The upfront cost is high but is definitely worth it in the long; you'll write new tests quicker, and the framework itself will require essentially no maintenance.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second framework is generally the pages you are going to map, the test classes that should correspond to each page class, and an inheritance of &quot;testers&quot; that perform all the functions that get performed in the tests.  For example, LoginPage class maps to your login page, which gets tested by LoginPageTests, which inherits from LoginPageTester that contains all page-specific functions, which inherits from BaseTester, which contains functions that will be reused across many different classes of tests.  If you're going to have a lot of tests that have to cross multiple pages to complete (not counting Setups of course) then making UtilityTesters that aren't part of the inheritance structure is a great idea.  Put all of the functions that the tests will use into these, and give the BaseTester class a reference to all of them.  This will make all the functions available to all test classes without making the tests cluttered and difficult to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just some suggestions for how you can set up your framework, but the one thing that a lot of testers ignore is the idea that tests will require maintenance forever, and it won't always be done by the same person who wrote the tests.  Therefore, a lot of your time when first starting to test a new or future application should be spent planning and engineering a great framework that will keep maintenance simple and intuitive, and when writing the tests, above all make their intent easy to understand by naming variables and functions well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5449" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T20:18:33.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8230" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8231" CreationDate="2014-04-02T21:04:04.720" Score="2" ViewCount="12415" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to test a page that has an input but really its a drop down list. The user enters text and then a dropdown appears based on what the user inputted. They are groups that are in the database. If I look for these elements before typing anything they dont exist but once I start typing they do exist.  The problem is I cant just type the whole name and then press enter or return because an option has to be selected from the list.  I can press arrow down to get the focus on the item from the list but then if I say enter it doesnt select, it sends that enter to the original element and nothing gets selected.  I can find the select element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var ddList = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;.ui-autocomplete-input&quot;));&#xA;ddList.SendKeys(&quot;Admins&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first time the list appears in the html.  It looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-menu-item&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-04-03T11:11:52.710" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T16:52:51.533" Title="How to find dynamically created elements in drop-down list based on input entered using Webdriver and c#?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8230" CreationDate="2014-04-02T21:13:13.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why don't you just type into the element like you said, and then find the elements?  You can just make an array of them, but I assume from what you said that if you type the whole name then just one will appear, so that should be easy enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//your code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep(500); //may have to adjust this based on how long it takes to generate; you can also sleep the driver itself if you want&#xA;&#xA;var elements = driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;.ui-menu-item&quot;)).ToArray();&#xA;var visible = elements.Where(r =&amp;gt; r.Displayed).ToArray();&#xA;visible[0].Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5449" LastActivityDate="2014-04-02T21:13:13.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8184" CreationDate="2014-04-03T05:06:54.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For actually testing an RNG look up the Diehard and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/General/dieharder.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dieharder&lt;/a&gt; test libraries, the latter being more recent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1388" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-27T10:54:00.207" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T10:54:00.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8234" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8263" CreationDate="2014-04-03T15:01:49.060" Score="4" ViewCount="2868" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read 'How Google Tests Software' book and want to install Google test-analytics but I can't because installation instructions are absent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/test-analytics/issues/detail?id=5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/test-analytics/issues/detail?id=5&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have cloned tool from &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/test-analytics/source/checkout&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/test-analytics/source/checkout&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you on advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-13T02:44:43.660" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T02:44:43.660" Title="How to install Google test-analytics?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8234" CreationDate="2014-04-03T15:14:03.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't installed/deployed this, but if you are looking to just try it out, Google hosts an instance here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://test-analytics.appspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://test-analytics.appspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T15:14:03.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8236" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-03T16:14:56.017" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-04-03T16:14:56.017" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T16:14:56.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8237" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-03T16:14:56.017" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2014-04-03T16:14:56.017" LastActivityDate="2014-04-03T16:14:56.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6975" CreationDate="2014-04-04T00:17:32.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi @StacyM he is talking about the path &lt;code&gt;C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver&lt;/code&gt; you can place the &lt;code&gt;android&lt;/code&gt; file there. Also in your &lt;code&gt;__init__.py&lt;/code&gt; file you can add the line &lt;code&gt;from android.webdriver import WebDriver as Android&lt;/code&gt; if what I have read is correct. Maybe @Sean can confirm this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I did get this working by removing my old Selenium, unpacking the newest selenium in the site-packages, then taking the android package and adding the way I suggested above. After all of this went to command line @ &lt;code&gt;C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\selenium&lt;/code&gt; (this directory might include numbers after selenium) and ran the script &lt;code&gt;python setup.py install&lt;/code&gt;. Let me know if this works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7433" LastEditorUserId="7433" LastEditDate="2014-04-06T04:07:03.647" LastActivityDate="2014-04-06T04:07:03.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8223" CreationDate="2014-04-04T04:38:00.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please refer below link i think it will useful for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn282443.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn282443.aspx&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T04:38:00.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8246" CreationDate="2014-04-04T06:28:49.813" Score="1" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;One who test games, can they test software too? or they need any special requirements for software testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T10:50:14.620" Title="Can any one who tests game can test software?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-05-01T23:21:54.433" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8240" CreationDate="2014-04-04T06:44:30.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tester role requires some degree  of creativity, ability to spot the things and learn-ability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those who are testing games do have these qualities. Question comes to understanding and adapting  tools and process used in software testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess it is matter of adapting and learning  tools and processs for person who is in game testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T06:44:30.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8249" CreationDate="2014-04-04T07:52:47.720" Score="1" ViewCount="2464" Body="&lt;p&gt;As there are five number of check boxes in a page, i have selected two check boxes. so i want to get the number of size as two check box selected. How to get the number of size as two in selenium web-driver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; boxes = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;vehicle&quot;)).click();&#xA;        System.out.println(boxes.size()&#xA;                + &quot;Number of check boxes present in the page&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it gives me the entire number of check boxes, As the above scenario is not needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T17:06:51.887" Title="How to get number of sizes of check-boxes i have selected, using selenium webdriver java?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8240" CreationDate="2014-04-04T08:50:54.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Game is software actually. Testing process is still same in common for any software product for selected workflow. Game testing has own features but it still software testing as far as I know. Each software product requires some special knowledge which you can get during work.  So, answer on your question is &lt;strong&gt;YES&lt;/strong&gt;, test engineer who understand development life-cycle, testing process would not get any hard problems in software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T08:50:54.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8242" CreationDate="2014-04-04T10:01:14.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm no wizard when it comes to actually coding this, but I used to inject variables with JS into Selenium IDE (back in the day) that would collect certain actions a they were performed. Perhaps you can use the action for clicking the checkbox to increase a simple count variable to use in your script above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="458" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T10:01:14.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8240" CreationDate="2014-04-04T10:50:14.620" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to start with my standard response: it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming you're talking about computer games and not board or other kinds of games, but the computer game industry has something of a reputation for using a lot of unskilled testers. That reputation comes from the fact that the large game development companies can call on gamers who think it would be cool to get their hands on the new hot game before anyone else (and some of them would do it free). That pool burns out fast but gets cycled quickly, too. Someone whose only games testing experience is from this group is going to be out of their depth in most commercial applications testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the flip side, the skilled testers in the game industry would have no difficulty moving to commercial applications. They'd need to become familiar with the application domain but beyond that, there wouldn't be a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T10:50:14.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-04-04T13:12:08.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of great answers here - especially specific examples, so I'd like to add a note about becoming a more &quot;out of the box&quot; tester in general. If you are a tester, hopefully you already have that innate curiosity, a need to know why, and to push things. Even if you don't spend that much time on exploratory testing, I think it's important to develop the skill of being able to break things in unique ways, finding the most remote of corner cases. There are two ways to do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Learn From Others.&lt;/strong&gt; Learn from lists like the ones provided in responses on this page. Use already existing documentation and regression steps (and make sure you update and maintain those resources so they remain useful). Research and apply both the broad (like boundary testing) and the specific (for example, there are a lot of examples of all the ways you can test a login or signup page).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use Your Experience.&lt;/strong&gt; Research will get you far. But one of the best things about this career is, the longer you do it, the better you will get in regards to this particular skill, as long as you remember to use what you've seen along the way. After I'm done with my initial run of trying to break something, I do a mental inventory of past bugs I've found that could be possible here.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Related Protip:&lt;/em&gt; Chances are, you don't have perfect memory, so make sure you are filing good bug reports, so you can easily search your past findings and apply them to current situations. I can't tell you how many times something seemed similar to a project I worked on two years prior, and doing a quick Jira search ended up giving me great ideas of what to test - and in a lot of cases, the same things end up being broken. I also like to keep track of the &quot;really cool&quot; bugs I find, and encourage my team to do the same. Occasionally reviewing these, and sharing them with other quality assurance members helps everyone grow their &quot;out of the box&quot; muscles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7387" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T13:12:08.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8242" CreationDate="2014-04-04T13:29:26.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;vehicle&quot;).click();&#xA;int i = 0;&#xA;for (WebElement we:driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;vehicle&quot;)) {&#xA;    if (we.isSelected()) { i++; }&#xA;}&#xA;System.out.println(i&#xA;            + &quot; Number of check boxes present in the page&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That should give no issues. But you are looping through an entire list to always come to the same answer, 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-04-04T13:45:28.877" LastActivityDate="2014-04-04T13:45:28.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6165" CreationDate="2014-04-04T18:51:18.020" Score="-2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;/config/login?.src=fpctx&amp;amp;amp;.intl=us&amp;amp;amp;.done=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2F&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=username&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;your yahoo email&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=passwd&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Enter your password here&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=.save&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7430" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-04-05T08:22:57.170" LastActivityDate="2014-04-05T08:22:57.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7973" CreationDate="2014-04-04T19:35:47.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I work with Selenium and drop downs, it usually looks like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;command: select&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;target: id=DropDownId&#xA;value: label=label_id or value=Values_name&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7430" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T11:01:48.530" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T11:01:48.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-07T11:18:20.320" Score="6" ViewCount="6212" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 7 years of experience in testing and recently I have assumed the role of test lead. I have to manage a team of 7-8 testers and our work is mostly comprised of Manual Testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know in order to become a competent test lead what skills and technologies I should learn or acquire so that I can get the best out of my team &amp;amp; also improve the overall process? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggested books or blogs or tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7453" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-04-07T17:59:51.650" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T06:59:37.020" Title="What skills &amp; technologies should I acquire / learn for performing my role as a Test Lead?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8255" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-07T13:19:56.000" Score="2" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just run a set of automated tests via the command line using Maven as my build tool and JUnit4 as my test execution framework. There was a report of two errors which were recorded in a text file as &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException: no such element&lt;/code&gt;. I decided to run the same class from the IDE and received no errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone experienced this? If so, can someone please explain what might be the cause to make such an event occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T13:57:03.880" Title="Test results that differ from running via command line versus IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8255" CreationDate="2014-04-07T13:33:04.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Three possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The IDE inputs (e.g. arguments and environment variables) are not the same as the command line inputs.  You can check that with print statements or logging.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The libraries are not the same.  I assume you know how to check this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You found a timing problem.  To check this, first determine which element is erroring out, then try &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=selenium+wait&quot;&gt;waiting before accessing that element&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T13:33:04.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8257" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-07T14:30:56.907" Score="2" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;We currently use Visual Studio 2013 and &lt;code&gt;Silk4Test&lt;/code&gt; for creating our functional and regression tests.  I am curious to know how others are storing a similar set up, meaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should our QA Test Project be part of the overall application solution that we are testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should our QA Tests be in their own solution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7311" LastEditorUserId="7340" LastEditDate="2014-04-07T17:57:20.413" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T17:57:20.413" Title="Should your QA Automated tests reside with application code?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-04-07T17:16:14.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8254" CreationDate="2014-04-07T18:21:58.310" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off, everything I say here should be checked against your job description - that's going to tell you what your employer expects of you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a lead, you probably don't have hire/fire responsibility (that usually goes with the manager title), so your employer's expectations will probably fall into these areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;resource management - making sure that all of your team members have sufficient work to cover without overloading them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mentoring - guiding your team members and helping to improve their skills.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;evaluation - assessing how well your team members are doing, most likely linked to whether or not they're going to get a pay raise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt; do should include those areas, but add:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acting as the buffer zone or &quot;Speaker to Management&quot; for you team - a big part of what you do will be taking whatever heat is coming from management so your team can get on with their jobs. You'll also be phrasing test outcomes in ways that your manager (who probably doesn't have a background in testing) can understand and more importantly support.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acting as the team go-getter - if one of your team members needs something to do his or her job more effectively, it's up to you to make sure they get it and get it quickly (Expect arguments about what constitutes 'need' - many places put a low priority on tester equipment, so chances are you're going to have to make a solid financial case).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;providing or building tools to enhance team productivity - this can be as simple as arranging for team group email lists and as complex as setting up and maintaining reporting tools, test hardware, automation systems, and in some cases a complete dedicated test subnet. You don't need to do it all yourself, but you're likely to be  the driving force behind making things like this happen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For useful websites, my first recommendation is always Joe Strazzere's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/&quot;&gt;All Things Quality&lt;/a&gt;. Joe has a wealth of solid, useful information in his blog, most of it from his many years of experience in the field.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T18:21:58.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7973" CreationDate="2014-04-07T19:46:53.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears on your site that the credit card form is loaded asynchronously meaning it may not be there if you don't have some kind of wait command.  In the IDE you can add a command waitForElement and put your dropdown element identifier (id=cc_type_braintree_basic) so that it will wait for the element to be rendered before it tries to interact with it. Running your test in the ide the issues seem to be with the&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#billing-buttons-container &amp;amp;gt; button.button&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#shipping-method-buttons-container &amp;amp;gt; button.button&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By placing a WaitForElement between these like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#billing-buttons-container &amp;amp;gt; button.button&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=shipnote-note&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#shipping-method-buttons-container &amp;amp;gt; button.button&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=cc_type_braintree_basic&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;select&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=cc_type_braintree_basic&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label=Visa&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That seems to work for me. Also there's a quick hint for adding things like that when your recording your test, you can right click on an element you need to wait for then choose &quot;Show All Available Commands&quot;. In the second to last group you'll find WaitForElementPresent which will add the step to your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7459" LastActivityDate="2014-04-07T19:46:53.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8260" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8270" CreationDate="2014-04-08T09:23:51.293" Score="3" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Calabash My question:- does any one have good and clear demo about Calabash(Android)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7099" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T23:37:11.430" Title="Does any one have good and clear demo about Calabash(Android)?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;calabash&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8254" CreationDate="2014-04-08T11:51:59.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lot's of good suggestions. Summarizing few more one liners for Senior QA / Lead's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Self Organized&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Challenges the Environment, Raise testing standards by experimenting new processes/Adopting new Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aware of Test Automation Framework Design and Development (Learn if you are not aware of Automation practice)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sound Technical Skills, Selfless, Volunteers/mentors team in terms of process/sharing best&#xA;practices &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good Listener, Actively involves/drives meaningful discussions and implements best practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Takes calculated risks and delivers products meeting quality bar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-04-08T11:51:59.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8234" CreationDate="2014-04-09T11:27:12.620" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found fork on github with clear instructions: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rodion-goritskov/test-analytics-ng&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/rodion-goritskov/test-analytics-ng&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to build?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need Maven (&lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://maven.apache.org/&lt;/a&gt;) to build the&#xA;test-analytics-ng project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clone this repo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have Maven version 3.0.X change the appengine-maven-plugin&#xA;version in pom.xml to 1.8.3-maven3.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mvn compile&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mvn package&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to run development server?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can take a brief tour through test-analytics-ng by making steps 1 and 2 of the previous section and then running:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mvn appengine:devserver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-04-09T15:13:12.807" LastActivityDate="2014-04-09T15:13:12.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8264" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-09T12:45:08.757" Score="1" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a need to automate regression scenarios in the following environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application A process a case and dispose it to Application B.    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application B wait for that case up to 10 minutes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application B processes that case and disposes it back to Application A. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application A waits for that case up to 10 minutes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application A process the case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both application requires logging.&#xA;I have an access to the UI level only&#xA;I am limited to the Webdriver and QTP&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My biggest challenge is the time factor. How to create an automated scenario where there might be time gap up to 10 minutes ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1283" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2014-04-09T16:11:26.663" LastActivityDate="2014-08-25T11:03:23.593" Title="UI Automation Checking between two applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8264" CreationDate="2014-04-09T15:57:12.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Programs are great at waiting. If your using web driver you can easily add a wait clause like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static bool WaitFor(this IWebDriver browser, By byLocator, int maxWait = 5)&#xA;{&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; maxWait; i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (browser.IsElementPresent(byLocator))&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;    return false;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then wait for your element like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.WaitFor(By.Id('expectedElementId', 600) // wait 600 seconds for the element to appear&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code is in C# but is easily adapted to any other language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However are you sure you really have to wait? When you say &quot;Process a case and dispose it to Application B&quot;, what does that mean? is it a post back you can capture between web servers? is it a file that's saved and then opened by app b?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason why I ask is that the exchange seems a great place for a mock or fake. Instead of application B waiting for application A's output, build the output postback or file directly then just give it to application B. You can then separate your concerns into separate tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of the one test case, break it down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application A processes a case and returns the expected results. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application B takes my previously captured results and processes it to another expected state. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application A accepts another expected result like what Application B returns and returns another expected result. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing your test this way you can also better isolate if anything goes wrong. If you try your test, which part broke? Application A? Application B? And it takes you 30 minutes to even tell if something is broken. By isolating your items and testing each application, you can tell App A fails to process the case or App B fails to respond correctly, or App A Fails to process App B output correctly and all without any waiting. That level of detail is much more valuable to a developer rather than it's all broke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7459" LastActivityDate="2014-04-09T15:57:12.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-10T03:17:32.587" Score="1" ViewCount="386" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am confusing. How to develop test strategy with calabash android for android native app. Anyone help and give me simple demo?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7099" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T22:41:19.917" Title="How to develop test strategy with calabash android" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;calabash&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8268" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-10T07:48:11.993" Score="1" ViewCount="225" Body="&lt;p&gt;As part of an automation process using Python Selenium, I'm downloading a number of files with the same name, and each one gets automatically renamed with the name followed by a number within brackets. To demonstrate with a file with name &quot;test&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;first file is named &quot;test&quot;, second is named &quot;test (1)&quot; ...and so on until &quot;test (100)&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following this, newly downloaded files request a prompt to rename ie they don't get renamed automatically to &quot;test (101)&quot; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any settings, on either Win 7 or Google Chrome, to modify the limit on automatic file renaming?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7478" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T07:48:11.993" Title="Windows, Google Chrome - Renaming multiple files with same name" Tags="&lt;windows&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8269" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-10T08:29:59.147" Score="2" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;What tools or techniques can be used to performance/load test a native Android application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any that can detect the root cause of performance issues and suggest a solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7099" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-07-23T03:55:14.487" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T03:55:14.487" Title="How to detect performance issues within native Android app" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8260" CreationDate="2014-04-10T10:38:54.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found good and clear demo for you, it works fine for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bootstraponline/calabash_android_example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/bootstraponline/calabash_android_example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That example based on GitHub for android app. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T10:38:54.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8271" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-10T11:14:54.297" Score="5" ViewCount="421" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a very large .NET project. This has been E2E/regression tested using QTP for 3 years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually, our AUT is moving to the WEB. This process is expected to take a couple of years, it will be Angular-JS/HTML5, I have been testing automating a demo angular app using Protractor quite successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the interim, any new UI development on the App will be done using CEF3 and angular.&#xA;I wrote a small test of a pure CEF .NET app to test a theory of testing using chromedriver. This was solved by setting the chrome.exe to be the path to the App.exe and worked quite nicely, but required using chromedriver to start the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT - we will now be entering the phase of hybrid development, we have the situation where QTP will be kicking off the AUT, and performing some actions on older portions of the UI, but then we will encounter a newer CEF portion which we need to be able to test using chromedriver(well QTP if it could actually cope - which it can't). As a first phase, I need to be able to kick off a CHROME driver test which will perform actions on an already running app where CEF is present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone point me at information about this, please. I have tried extensive googling, but I don't seem to be googling the right questions, just vague hints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7480" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T05:29:06.890" LastActivityDate="2020-12-08T00:03:40.360" Title="How to control CEF3 portions of .NET project using Webdriver2?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8255" CreationDate="2014-04-10T13:57:03.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was plagued with a similar issue, but I think I have now solved it. The tests would invariably run perfectly in the IDE (Eclipse) but would usually (but not always) fail with the above error message when run from Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application under test is very slow and has some Javascript making AJAX calls on each page which don't help. The test was failing when checking that a certain piece of text was present on the page (e.g. &quot;enter customer details&quot;). Under the covers, I think it was executing assertCondition(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementValue(convertedSelector, text));&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seemed that if the test tried to put some data into a page element (or click on it) then Web Driver would wait for the page to complete loading, but if it was just checking that something was there (as per the above example) then it would wait 10 seconds (our local default wait time) before giving up. That caused the irregular failures on Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution was to store (in a String) all the visible text on the page. I then searched the string for the required text and it worked OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, given the intermittent nature of the fault, I can't be SURE I've fixed it! But I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7143" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T13:57:03.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8274" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8275" CreationDate="2014-04-10T16:11:24.773" Score="2" ViewCount="4586" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a web app with Selenium and I actually need to download a txt file during my test. But this seems impossible because a pop up appears asking to save the file. So, this blocks the progress of the test. Some have advised me to use Wget, but I don't know how to use this tool. Could you please help out for this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7482" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T12:03:57.567" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T12:03:57.567" Title="selenium wget download file" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8274" CreationDate="2014-04-10T16:32:10.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;WGet is a command-line tool used to download files. Here's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thegeekstuff.com/tag/wget-tutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a good tutorial on how it works&lt;/a&gt;; you'll need to call out to the command line from inside your test and execute wGet, then check the file it downloaded. How you do this differs depending on your setup (Java vs C#, Windows vs Linux, et cetera). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically you want to execute the command &lt;code&gt;wget http:\\www.yourwebsitehere.com\file\todownload.txt -O c:\directory\tosave\file.txt&lt;/code&gt; using the shell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also do two commands: &lt;code&gt;cd c:\directory\tosave\file.txt&lt;/code&gt; followed by &lt;code&gt;wget http:\\www.yourwebsitehere.com\file\todownload.txt&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-04-10T16:32:10.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-10T20:16:04.127" Score="5" ViewCount="773" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to testing and have been asked to create a load test for a web application. My group's lead asked the test to just browse the application for hours with a load of 100 users. That's the only spec he has given to me, and I have my basic test doing that with the tool I'm using, Soasta Cloud Test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now is there anything I should specifically test? A lot of the test results' details in Cloud Test are going over my head and I have no idea what to even look for in these results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do realize this is a generic question, but am willing to provide as much detail as possible given the right questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6521" LastEditorUserId="6521" LastEditDate="2014-04-15T22:07:15.673" LastActivityDate="2014-04-15T22:07:15.673" Title="How to best design and create a load test on a web application?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8277" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8289" CreationDate="2014-04-11T05:47:25.237" Score="2" ViewCount="3309" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing one of the problem in my application at the time of downloading a file. I am unable to capture the request after click on download link. So may be anybody can guide me how to capture these requests with JMeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Download link &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save the file &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the drive/location where to save &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click save button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-04-11T11:05:11.997" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T06:52:53.250" Title="JMeter - Unable to capture the request after click on download link" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8276" CreationDate="2014-04-11T07:12:11.727" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming the web application accesses a server then the purpose of many web performance tests is to see how the server behaves under load and whether high loads cause unwanted delays in responding to user activity. Also to see whether the system has headroom while coping with that load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One part of the test could be to see that 95% of all web pages are loaded within (say) 3 seconds and 99% within 7 seconds. Find the design goals and non functional requirements of the web site to get the actual values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another part of the test could be to see whether page load times increase significantly as the load increases. For your system you might run with 20 users for 20 minutes, increase to 40 users and run for another 20 minutes. Then keep increasing at the same rate until you get to (perhaps) 1.5 times your expected maximum load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another test might simulate 9am when all you users start work and login. The user load changes from near zero to near maximum in five minutes or less. How does the system behave with such a dramatic change of load. You might extend this test to simulate an 11am coffee break, where everyone stops work for 10 minutes then resumes work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another common test is a long duration steady load. Perhaps at a high load but not the peak expected load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During each of the various tests you should monitor the various computers that together make the servers in the system; eg database servers, web servers, application servers, load balancing duplicates, etc. You might look for CPUs that are too busy, memory that is too low, excessive paging, over used network links, SQL (or database) transaction rates; and many others. Generally you are looking to see whether any parts of the system are overloaded or approaching overload. The tests can only use a small portion of the many possible transactions a user can do, so real load might push any busy parts of the system too far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-04-11T07:12:11.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8279" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8283" CreationDate="2014-04-11T08:06:17.787" Score="2" ViewCount="35866" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having two different Strings by name username and password. And i want to pass these string values one by one (ONLY one value from username and one value from password) into username and password text fields. I tried in two different ways but not sure where i am doing mistake. Below are my codes and O/P result. &#xA;Expected: Two combinations (1st: @ and @, 2nd: test and test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expected O/P: username password username password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;String[] username={&quot;@&quot;, &quot;test&quot;};&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;String[] password= {&quot;@&quot;, &quot;test&quot;};&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1st method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class TwoStrings {&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;String[] username={&quot;@&quot;, &quot;test&quot;};&#xA;String[] password= {&quot;@&quot;, &quot;test&quot;};&#xA;WebDriver d =new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;d.get(&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/mercurysignon.php&quot;);&#xA;d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;for(String j:username){&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;userName&quot;)).clear();&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;userName&quot;)).sendKeys(j);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;userName&quot;);&#xA;for(int i =0; i&amp;lt;password.length; i++){&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(password[i]);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;login&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;O/P:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;userName&#xA;password&#xA;password&#xA;userName&#xA;password&#xA;password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2nd method which i tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class TwoStrings {&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;String[] username={&quot;@&quot;, &quot;test&quot;};&#xA;String[] password= {&quot;@&quot;, &quot;test&quot;};&#xA;WebDriver d =new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;d.get(&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/mercurysignon.php&quot;);&#xA;d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;for(String j:username){&#xA;for(String k:password){&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;userName&quot;)).clear();&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;userName&quot;)).sendKeys(j);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;userName&quot;);&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(k);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;d.findElement(By.name(&quot;login&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;O/P:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;userName&#xA;password&#xA;userName&#xA;password&#xA;userName&#xA;password&#xA;userName&#xA;password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="8159" LastEditDate="2014-09-12T15:04:52.703" LastActivityDate="2018-12-04T12:02:54.000" Title="How to pass two strings (Username and Password) one by one in the two different text fields (Username and Password) in webdriver (Java)" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8279" CreationDate="2014-04-11T16:01:49.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;So if you want to stick with String[] for you two username and password values here is one approach.  Instead of your current loop I would use a traditional for loop and access the array elements by index in a single loop.   So you code might looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class TwoStrings &#xA;{&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) &#xA;    {&#xA;        String[] username={&quot;@&quot;, &quot;test&quot;};&#xA;            String[] password= {&quot;@&quot;, &quot;test&quot;};&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver d =new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        d.get(&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/mercurysignon.php&quot;);&#xA;        d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;            for(int i = 0; i &amp;lt; username.length ; i++)&#xA;            {&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;userName&quot;)).clear();&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;userName&quot;)).sendKeys(username[i]);&#xA;               System.out.println(username[i]);&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(password[i]);&#xA;               System.out.println(username[i]);&#xA;&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;login&quot;)).click();&#xA;             }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should run the user name and password combinations in a single loop assuming that is what you were attempting to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is one alternative using a custom collection and a List&amp;lt;&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class TwoStrings &#xA;{&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) &#xA;    {&#xA;        List&amp;lt;LoginData&amp;gt; dataCollection = new ArrayList&amp;lt;LoginData&amp;gt;();&#xA;        data.add(new LoginData(&quot;username&quot;,&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;        data.add(new LoginData(&quot;username1&quot;,&quot;password2&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver d =new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        d.get(&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/mercurysignon.php&quot;);&#xA;        d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;            for(LoginData data : dataCollection)&#xA;            {&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;userName&quot;)).clear();&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;userName&quot;)).sendKeys(data.get_username());&#xA;               System.out.println(data.get_username());&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(data.get_password());&#xA;               System.out.println(data.get_password());&#xA;&#xA;               d.findElement(By.name(&quot;login&quot;)).click();&#xA;             }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginData&#xA;{&#xA;    private String _username;&#xA;    private String _password;&#xA;&#xA;    public LoginData(String username, String password)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.set_username(username);&#xA;        this.set_password(password);    &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public String get_username()&#xA;    {&#xA;        return _username;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private void set_username(String _username)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this._username = _username;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public String get_password()&#xA;    {&#xA;        return _password;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private void set_password(String _password)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this._password = _password;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2014-04-11T20:55:56.753" LastActivityDate="2014-04-11T20:55:56.753" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8276" CreationDate="2014-04-11T18:06:31.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few elements of a load test strategy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Concurrency: can your app handle x simultaneous sessions?  The sessions don't have to be doing much, just that you can have that many users logged in at once.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Latency: measuring page load time, like AdrianHHH described, is good here. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Throughput: how many transactions can your system handle per unit of time?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Scalability: the behavior of Latency or Throughput as the system load grows. (AdrianHHH described this pretty well)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Load profile: use analytics to see actual customer behavior to design your load.  For example, if you were testing a video streaming service: how many users will be searching for movies, watching movies, creating new accounts, or managing their existing account.  its best to use actual behavior instead of random browsing the application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can also use a page speed test service, or plug-in.  Yslow is a popular plug-in for firefox.  Webpagetest.org is a free service to give you a &quot;waterfall&quot; diagram of the page load. Both of these give a score (A-F) on various attributes.  Here is the webpagetest result for sqa.stackexchange.com:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webpagetest.org/result/140411_5N_XZB/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.webpagetest.org/result/140411_5N_XZB/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PDLkh.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshot of webpagetest.org report for sqa.stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="2741" LastEditDate="2014-04-14T22:54:21.057" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T22:54:21.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8285" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-11T19:06:32.600" Score="1" ViewCount="3253" Body="&lt;p&gt;suppose if we have insight object like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Window(&quot;Microsoft Word&quot;).InsightObject(&quot;InsightObject_Example&quot;).Click&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how to extract text from &quot;InsightObject_Example&quot;??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please help me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7490" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T05:23:31.670" Title="How to extract text from insight object in UFT" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8286" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-12T05:22:09.870" Score="1" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone please help me with this question?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7492" LastEditorUserId="5674" LastEditDate="2014-04-12T10:45:33.037" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T11:36:50.380" Title="Which is larger, the number of paths in a program or the number of points in its domain?" Tags="&lt;static-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-05-01T23:26:53.017" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8277" CreationDate="2014-04-12T06:23:34.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you download a file through your browser like that, it is just making a simple http get request, similar to other requests.  The differences is that the browser recognizes that the resource it is getting is not something to parse as html and attempt to display, but to download instead.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some browser tools, and the jmeter recorder don't usually pick up those requests.  You can use a tool like Fiddler or Wireshark to see the requests and then create the requests from scratch in jmeter using the info from the request you see in the other tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T06:23:34.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8288" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-12T06:25:53.850" Score="4" ViewCount="1199" Body="&lt;p&gt;.. I am working on an application which is developed on MS Access platform. Its a desktop application and in MS Access the executable file is created with .ADP extension. I had tried some of the tools for the automation but those tools take the file of .exe extension. Is there any tool through which I can automate the frontend of the application. The coding is done on VBA language.&#xA;I will be very thankful if anyone can help me on this part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7493" LastActivityDate="2014-10-18T22:07:39.850" Title="Which automation tool can be used to automate a desktop application whose frontend is developed on MS Access" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8277" CreationDate="2014-04-12T06:52:53.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Sam mentions when you click &quot;Download&quot; link or button the majority of browsers send GET request for the content and start downloading it in background into temp folder. After you choose the destination the browser just copies the file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to test the performance of web server on multiple and/or concurrent downloads you just need to simulate GET requests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to perform some operations on downloaded files, i.e. check size, integrity, type, etc. JMeter offers &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Save_Responses_to_a_file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Save Responses to a file&lt;/a&gt; Listener which can store any response including Download one into a file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-performance-test-upload-and-download-scenarios-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance testing: Upload and Download Scenarios with Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details on implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T06:52:53.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8254" CreationDate="2014-04-12T06:59:37.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have over 15 years experience in QA and automation, and am in my first role as a lead, where I have been for less than a year.  I have tried to emulate some of the good qualities that I have observed in leads that I really looked up to and respected.  I'm not going to repeat other answers, so I'll list a few things in addition to the other answers already out there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know the challenges and problem spaces of your team inside and out.  You will not only need to communicate - sometimes at a very low level - about these things to those above you, but your team will respect you for understanding.  If you don't understand the challenges your team has, your team will feel like they're in it without support, or that you're out of touch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Roll up your sleeves and help out whenever you can.  This will raise morale, build a mutual respect between you and your team members, keep your skills and domain knowledge sharp, and help your team feel like you will do anything to support them, including getting down in the trenches with them.  Not doing this can make you seem disconnected, or not supportive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seek input and consensus.  DON'T MICRO-MANAGE.  Give your team and team members an end result that you want.  Offer ideas, discuss their ideas, but ultimately let them own the implementation of getting to that result.  Don't be afraid to get involved from a time management perspective, and to point out flaws in a constructive way, but also don't force a solution on them.  In the case of different opinions on the team, be the tie-breaker, but be diplomatic and give some logical explanation for your decision.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Praise your team.  This one seems self explanatory, but is so often overlooked.  A simple thank you, or great work, or awesome job can go a long ways towards keeping people happy and motivated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recognize and promote your team.  Do not take credit for what your team does, be humble and give credit by name where credit is due.  Your team will love you, and your manager and upper management will love you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assign tasks with purpose - I'm bad at this one :-).  When you ask someone to own something, be clear on what exactly you expect as the end result, and what the timeline is.  Check in with them part-way through (or multiple times depending on how long of a task it is) to make sure the task is still on time, and on track.  Also allow people to finish the task and not switch context on them a hundred times in the middle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T06:59:37.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8286" CreationDate="2014-04-12T17:36:11.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is dependent on whether the domain structure is has branching or recursive elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a simple code containing three function points performed in sequence may have a single path. If those are selected from a case statement, then you could identify the case as one function point (or node) and the number of paths as three (or four if there is a &quot;null&quot; path with no selection made).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With branching or recursion, however, the number of paths could become infinite with the addition of a single decision statement that leads back to the original case statement and/or one of the functions calling itself or another of the functions. In that case, only a few point could produce an enormous number of possible paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-04-12T17:36:11.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8297" CreationDate="2014-04-13T16:21:47.880" Score="1" ViewCount="18038" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if i[1] == &quot;id_text&quot;:&#xA;    inst = driver.find_element_by_id(i[2])&#xA;    #inst.click()&#xA;    for option in inst.find_elements_by_tag_name('option'):&#xA;        if option.text == i[3]:&#xA;            option.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it keeps constantly raising the error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: u'Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;//select[@id=\'sex\']&quot;}' ; Stacktrace:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the if statement is being executed, and that the value of the id is correct.&#xA;To try to fix this i tried replacing id with name, no result. I then tried using find_element_by_id and find_element_by_name, still unable to find the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element does exist and the page has loaded. I know this for certain because before the dropdown there exists another text field which is filled in properly, there is no ajax on the website either but i did try using waits. 60 sec waits didn't help either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dropdown i am trying to zero in on is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select style=&quot;visibility: visible;&quot; name=&quot;sex&quot; id=&quot;sex&quot; onchange=&quot;changefees()&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;Select Gender&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;Male&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;Female&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The value of the id/name being supplied as well as the text is correct, i verified that by printing the values before executing the code. Any help is highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I also tried to use the same code on another dropdown on the page, same result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7497" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T06:41:55.407" Title="Unable to find element in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8286" CreationDate="2014-04-14T06:06:23.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose that path is any sequence of consecutive 'links' between 'points' in a program, including recursive and repeating 'links', thus potentially even the simplest program has infinite amount of possible paths, while any domain has some finite number of points. Thus, if my assumptions are correct, program paths are greater in number than domain points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5627" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T06:06:23.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8286" CreationDate="2014-04-14T11:36:50.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Jeff and Eduard have said, in most non-trivial applications the number of paths is going to be greater than the number of function points. The exception is in systems where there are no or very few decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To take an extremely simple and well-known example, consider the most basic text editor application, such as the Microsoft notepad.exe. Now consider only the most basic features of that application: entering text, saving, and opening a saved file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Function points are (assuming that the file open and file save functions simply call the Windows API):&#xA; - echo keyboard input to screen&#xA; - save keyboard input to local memory&#xA; - display the contents of an opened file on the screen&#xA; - send the contents stored in local memory to the API file save function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Potential paths are effectively infinite, because each keystroke triggers a separate invocation of the echo/save locally function points. In addition, it's possible to invoke the save to file function at any time, even after each keystroke. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can simplify the potential path issue by conceptually grouping paths (which is a static form of equivalence partitioning) by treating all paths with recursion as the same effective path (e.g. any path that iterates through entering text and saving any number of times greater than 1 is treated as a single path). If you get the boundary points right (e.g. does the path consume more local memory than the machine has available? - and yes, it is possible to create a notepad file that will overrun application memory limits) this can limit the number of paths you need to consider. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're still going to have a lot of possible pathways. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A slightly more concrete (realistic) example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a point of sale application with three check-box (yes/no) configuration options, all independent. Ignoring saving configuration and the like, the process of making a sale has 8 possible starting points (2 possible states for each of the three options =&gt; 2x2x2 = 8). Each starting point has some impact on the sales process, so must be considered a distinct path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are three distinct product types and two accepted forms of payment with no further differences, that increases the minimum number of paths to 48 (8x3x2) - the minimum number of paths in this example is the simplest possible sales process: purchase one item and pay for it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on how the quantity is selected, you could have multiple extra paths: selecting a quantity versus selecting the item multiple times, and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a general rule of thumb, each decision the software makes adds at least one conceptual path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T11:36:50.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8296" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-14T12:14:45.603" Score="1" ViewCount="1049" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone provide a step by step process explaining how to test performance and load in Jmeter for a Silverlight application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7502" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T16:57:41.763" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T07:02:10.783" Title="How to test performance and load for Silverlight application in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;silverlight&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8292" CreationDate="2014-04-14T14:22:45.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It turns out i was able to find the problem by myself, it was not at all in the above snippet of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if i[1] == &quot;id_text&quot;:&#xA;    inst = driver.find_element_by_id(i[2])&#xA;    #inst.click()&#xA;    for option in inst.find_elements_by_tag_name('option'):&#xA;        if option.text == i[3]:&#xA;            option.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This above code was inside of a function &lt;code&gt;instructions(webdriver, i)&lt;/code&gt; however in the dropdown selector i used the variable 'driver' instead of 'webdriver'.&#xA;This did not give a driver not found error as i was juggling multiple driver instances and there was a driver instance named driver but it was on another page, hence throwing the element not found error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7497" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T14:22:45.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8296" CreationDate="2014-04-14T16:03:40.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Silverlight applications are often front end heavy, with little or no communication to a web service.  If your Silverlight application is still heavily relying on a web service and the intention is to load test that web service, then you can run performance tests for it just like you would test any other web site.  If the goal is to test the performance of the front end components, then it would be different tools and a different approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that you are talking about the web service, then you can use JMeter, however I'm not sure whether the recording for JMeter would work with Silverlight or not (you can try it out, or look it up).  If recording doesn't work, you can use tools like Fiddler or Wireshark to capture the traffic and then create the requests in JMeter by hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a more specific issue you're running into while attempting to test performance, let us know and I'm sure someone could answer those questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T16:03:40.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8299" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-14T16:58:35.840" Score="1" ViewCount="920" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for alternative tools to Device Anywhere that offer carrier access. This is for mobile web testing (NOT Web App).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are some alternative tools to Device Anywhere that offer debug information such as access to the website source, similar to Chrome or Safari?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7507" LastActivityDate="2021-01-20T16:28:26.807" Title="What are alternatives to Device Anywhere for Mobile Web Testing?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-14T16:59:19.887" Score="1" ViewCount="293" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any metrics to determine if a &quot;software defect&quot; that happens in a Production environment is really a bug/defect - and then it's worth engaging 2nd level or &quot;on-call&quot; support?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular, I'm searching for literature about this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7508" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T16:14:38.680" Title="Production bugs and on-call support" Tags="&lt;bug-priority&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8300" CreationDate="2014-04-14T19:45:12.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this sounds frivolous, but there really is no standard for when a customer-reported issue should be escalated to a bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the things it depends on are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How well-trained the first-line support people are. Really good first-line support who know the application and can guide a customer/user to provide reproduction steps and track down most of the misconfiguration or misunderstanding issues mean almost everything they escalate is an actual software issue. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether the problem needs a programming fix or not. Sometimes in the case of corrupted data it's necessary to create a small utility application to clean things up. Here it generally doesn't matter whether the problem was caused by an actual bug or by a customer incorrectly terminating a long-running process: they just want their data corrected and a wise organization will do this for them (usually with a strong warning about terminating processes in spite of the big flashing warnings signs telling them not to do this).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether the customer support engineers can fix the problem without involving programming. Depending on your organization, support engineers can do things like create database scripts to correct a problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether the problem description matches something the test team has already reported but was not fixed for some reason. It's quite common for issues reported by the test team to be set aside for later if the perceived impact or risk is sufficiently low. Sometimes this assessment is incorrect because nobody knew there were customers using that peculiar combination of configuration flags (My personal record on the &quot;nobody would ever do that&quot; stakes is two days between releasing something with a problem &quot;nobody would ever do&quot; and a customer doing exactly that).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The impact of the problem on the customer. If the problem impacts financial data or data required for regulatory purposes, the tendency will be to escalate immediately due to the high risk/impact involved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which customer is reporting the problem. Support staff know who the biggest customers are and will be more likely to escalate problems reported by large customers, customers with a reputation for phoning the CEO to complain about the software, and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T19:45:12.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8300" CreationDate="2014-04-14T22:52:46.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team has a set of guidelines to determine the severity of a production issue.  The severity drives the level of communication/escalation.  Of course, the guidelines are only guidelines and don't replace human judgement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The factors in the guidelines:&#xA;- How many customers are impacted?  (few, many, most/all)&#xA;- Severity of the problem?  (single feature unavailable, hard outage, potential data damage)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't put the full set of guidelines here, but you get the gist.  With each level of severity, there is a timeline associated with it (SLA). If the SLA isn't met, the incident bumps a level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might want to search &quot;incident management classification&quot; for more examples. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-04-14T22:52:46.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8276" CreationDate="2014-04-15T07:18:52.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adrian and jruberto have mentioned some things you could do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to add some general information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing you want to know is what the goal for your load tests should be. You should ask your group's lead what she wants to be tested, or what information she wants to have. Maybe she is interested in some specific component or web service. Maybe she wants the hole system to be load tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the goal is to test the complete system, it is useful to first determine a profile of your application. If you have some kind of monitoring built into your application, you can use this to determine which components or services are used how often, and at which time of day.&#xA;If there is no monitoring information, you can also estimate the usage of each component over time. E.g. for the number of users: At 7:00 there are 20 users working with the application. From 7:00 to 12:00 the number of users increase to 350 users. From 12:00 to 16:00 the number of users stays at 350, before decreasing to about 20 users at 22:00, where it stays until the next morning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do this also for each component or service or business workflow of your application, or for the most important ones. E.g. at 7:00 there are 30 workflows of type X per hour. Between 7:00 and 13:00 the number increases to 500 workflows per hour and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have this information, you can determine a load profile which is similar to production load. You design your tests accordingly. You can for example test increasing load starting at minimum production load and ending at maximum production load over 3 hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a higher load is expected than is currently visible in production, you have to increase your load profile accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, with load testing you want to know how the system or component behaves under load / how it handles this load. Mostly this is done using increasing load, or using a load profile which is similar to expected production load over a day as explained above (with increasing and decreasing load).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You increase the load up to the specified load the system or component was built to handle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also increase the load beyond the specifications of the component or system for short periods of time, e.g. 10 minutes. This is called stress testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5071" LastActivityDate="2014-04-15T07:18:52.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8299" CreationDate="2014-04-15T15:24:28.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few ways to debug a mobile website. The first few ways are provided by Apple and Google and allow you to connect your mobile device to your computer and use Safari and Chrome's development tools to see the source of the application.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apple: Enable Web Inspector through the Settings &gt; Safari settings on the device and then use Safari on the desktop to inspect the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google: Enable the developer options on the device, install drivers if needed on the desktop, and then launch Chrome on the desktop and navigate to about:inspect and connect to the device with the DevTools .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to use testing tools made by the company I work for, Mobile Labs. We provide a private secure mobile testing cloud (an alternative to Device Anywhere) called deviceConnect as well as an automated testing tool that provides the ability to test mobile websites, web apps, hybrid apps, as well as native apps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can learn more here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://mobilelabsinc.com/solutions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mobilelabsinc.com/solutions/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7518" LastActivityDate="2014-04-15T15:24:28.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8311" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-16T00:39:00.180" Score="1" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently writing tests for a Data Registration system. In summary, a data provider will supply a daily update file that will be processed by the registration system and if they pass the validation checks, the registration system will update the data it stores for those records contained in the update file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been given a list of 85 different update scenarios - that is 85 different ways the data can be updated in the database, which consists of a series of related tables. Having had a look at these scenarios, I don't think that it would be necessary to test all 85 scenarios. The system is however implemented on large scale and is a nationwide system.  For confidentiality, I cannot reveal details about the system, so lets take an example of a Police motoring system. So lets say, for example, the system accepts a daily update file from Vehicle Insurance companies containing changes to their records for details of the cars and owners they cover. Lets say that their are 85 different forms of update they can send - So 85 different update scenarios. An example scenario may be a change of Address of owner. Another scenario may be Change of Address and car of owner. A third scenario may be a change of name of owner and license type of owner, etc... The daily update file may contain an update for a single record i.e a driver or thousands. From what I have seen, these update scenarios seem to be categorised - 20 scenarios related to updating owner details, 25 scenarios relating to adding new vehicle owner, etc....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is how would I write tests for these update scenarios without having to write tests for all 85? Is it a simple case of choosing a subset of scenarios from each category and write test for those? So for example, In the 'update owner details' category, I could have one test that updates all the owners details using the assumption that if that works, then a test for updating the owners name only, will work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The testing environment is manual.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your input is appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2063" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T08:49:53.383" Title="Testing data updates to data stores" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8312" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8320" CreationDate="2014-04-16T04:06:49.300" Score="1" ViewCount="4744" Body="&lt;p&gt;Iam new to selenium suite, please show me how to run an particular test in an test suite,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my test suite,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;TestAll&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;order&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;testSuite.TestConfig&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;testSuite.TestOrder&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;database&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;testSuite.TestConfig&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;testSuite.TestDatabase&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to run the test that has name &quot;database&quot;, but without deleting the test that has name &quot;order&quot;, so is there any way to do it? please throw me the light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T10:35:31.077" Title="How to run a particular test in an test suite?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2858" CreationDate="2014-04-16T08:33:55.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;UAT Protocol is a final document, based on successful results(passed) of all test cases for each module of the system. It should be signed by PM of the developer site and PM from the user site. As appendixes of the UAT Protocol should be the results of test cases for each module, signed by user responsible for the module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7522" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T08:33:55.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7888" CreationDate="2014-04-16T09:40:45.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing I've learnt over the years is that people generally have a vastly different assessment of risk. I worry a lot about high probability / low impact risk whereas my partner worries about low probability / high impact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That assessment is inevitably coloured by the environment in which people work, and whether the organisation states it has (and genuinely does have) a 'blame-free' culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At one place I worked, after extensive testing, a 'final' test was failing when some new software (a web service) was deployed and running. But the same test also failed when the (new) web service was switched off and NOT running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That suggested a test / configuration error, but it was used as a reason not to release the new software!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7143" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T09:40:45.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8315" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8344" CreationDate="2014-04-16T09:51:39.957" Score="0" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I hope this is the right QA site to ask this question, if not, please give me a hint, where to ask it :-)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my study (computer science) we got a module named &quot;Software Quality&quot;, where the focus is set on different methods about testing processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the task to create a presentation about the formal review process (walkthrough, inspection, ...), its roles, benefits, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I'm looking for&lt;/strong&gt; a significant/creative slogan that fits to the term &quot;Review&quot; or &quot;Review process&quot;, like &quot;Java is not an island&quot; is a slogan to the programming language &quot;Java&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, be creative and help me please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7524" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T16:02:05.920" Title="What's a significant slogan for the formal review process?" Tags="&lt;review&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-16T11:32:52.540" Score="0" ViewCount="379" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm also battling with what performance testing tool to use for my application which would be deployed on Google AppEngine. I am familiar with Jmeter but I still can't figure out I can automate it to work on the application on Google AppEngine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody help me out or you can recommend another Performance testing tool that can be automated and work on a java application deployed on Google AppEngine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7526" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T18:11:17.720" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T04:10:23.607" Title="Performance testing tool that can be automated and work on a java application deployed Google AppEngine?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8311" CreationDate="2014-04-16T17:23:52.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like a reasonably standard data input problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I'd look at it (this method is pretty heavy on up-front work, but has the advantage of making life easier in the long run): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I'd gather as many input files I can get hold of. These will have the input types you need in the correct format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, I'd go through them and split out classic examples for each of your 85 scenarios. I'm going to assume that some of these are actually combinations of others (e.g. Scenario 1: update name. Scenario 2: update address. Scenario 3: update name and address). The goal here is to build a library of file imports that cover all your scenarios - in my example above, you'd flag one file as covering Scenarios 1, 2, and 3. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I had my set of valid scenarios, I'd make copies of some to build my invalid import test files - files that I expect to be rejected because required fields are missing or there is something else invalid in what I'm sending. If these aren't part of your 85 scenarios, oops. Someone missed something when they put that list together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually, you'll have a large set of files that you can test without much difficulty. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you choose your tests will depend on - among other things - whether you can access the database directly or not. If you can, try to beg a developer to write you a utility to export the data tables that should be updated. Then all you need to do is make sure that everything works correctly &lt;em&gt;once&lt;/em&gt; (making sure you save your output files as baselines) then run a file compare between your baselines and the output files from each set of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have that access, then I'd suggest importing one file at a time, choosing files that hit multiple scenarios at once, and checking after each import that all the data you expected to be entered is in the system. If you hit a problem, you drop to the files covering fewer of the scenarios until you locate the exact scenario that fails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the exact nature of your data, you can probably smoke test in a very small number of file imports or data entry runs (I'd go for file imports if possible because it reduces the chances of errors) - say for every class of record covered (such as &quot;customer&quot;, &quot;user&quot;, &quot;insurer&quot;) one valid new record with all data, one valid update with changes to every field (except the key, obviously), one invalid new record where every field that gets validated has some kind of error, one invalid update where every field that gets updated has some kind of error. The goal is to make your first pass as broad as possible so that you don't &lt;em&gt;need&lt;/em&gt; any further passes if everything is good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd add that if you can automate, and you have direct read access to the database, this is the kind of tests that begs for some automation support: a simple utility to send/set files for import, retrieve responses (or parse logs), extract the records you just pumped in and compare them to a baseline you've previously validated would give you a more useful regression test set and allow you to focus more on the edge cases (which is likely to be where most of your problems happen anyway).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-16T17:23:52.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8323" CreationDate="2014-04-17T09:50:22.537" Score="2" ViewCount="11719" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I've never used any test tools before, as I'm in the developer team, not the QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our team is tasked with the ultimate goal of writing an automated load test script, which will be hitting on our JS-based web application. We will most likely be using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we're taking it one step at a time, we started with writing test scripts using &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; with Firefox driver, then migrate to &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/HtmlUnitDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HtmlUnitDriver&lt;/a&gt; as we want to eventually run multiple instance of the tests at the same time. We are running selenium-server-standalone-2.41.0.jar in the background. The Selenium IDE has WebDriver playback enabled, and is using &quot;selenium-server-standalone-2.41.0.jar&quot;, &quot;htmlunit-2.13.jar&quot;, and &quot;htmlunit-core-js-2.13.jar&quot; as the IDE extensions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test will load our login page (which, unfortunately, contains &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iframe&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;), login to our dashboard page, check for existing text, and logout from that page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a simplified portion of the login page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&amp;lt;title&amp;gt;footest&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;container&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div id=&quot;login&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div id=&quot;login-panel&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                &amp;lt;iframe src=&quot;http://localhost/auth/form&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;div id='login-form'&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;form action=&quot;http://localhost/auth/form&quot; method=&quot;post&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div class='row'&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;label for='username' class='vertical'&amp;gt;Username&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;input class=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;username&quot; name=&quot;username&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; value=&quot;&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div class='row'&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;label for='password' class='vertical'&amp;gt;Password&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;input class=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;password&quot; name=&quot;password&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; value=&quot;&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div class='row'&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;input class=&quot;float-right&quot; id=&quot;login&quot; name=&quot;login&quot; type=&quot;submit&quot; value=&quot;Log In&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- login-panel --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- login --&amp;gt;  &#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- container --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the steps we recorded with Selenium IDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC &quot;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN&quot; &quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head profile=&quot;http://selenium-ide.openqa.org/profiles/test-case&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=UTF-8&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link rel=&quot;selenium.base&quot; href=&quot;http://localhost/dashboards/&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;title&amp;gt;footest&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table cellpadding=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;thead&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;footest&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/thead&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;http://localhost/dashboards?back=http%3A//localhost/dashboards/main.html&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForPageToLoad&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;10000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;selectFrame&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;index=0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Username&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//input[@id='username']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;foo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;typeAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//input[@id='password']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;bar1234&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//input[@id='login']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForPageToLoad&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;20000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;2000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=graph-table&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;No records found&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//a[@id='logout']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we run the tests with WebDriver playback + firefox browser, we are able to run the test successfully. However, when we switch to using htmlunit, we were not able to run it. The error is as follows: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;17:28:25.432 INFO - Command request: getText[//label, ] on session 87338f89-7d2f-4387-b85e-3685a1a8a2ac&#xA;17:28:27.135 INFO - Got result: ERROR,Element //label not found on session 87338f89-7d2f-4387-b85e-3685a1a8a2ac&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar error occured on selecting the input field with id='username', or clicking on the logout button at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The questions are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can we reliably run the scripts without spawning a browser? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are we going in the right direction with using HtmlUnit?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any other tools / hints / etc. we should consider to test this without browser?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7532" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T06:56:53.633" Title="Selenium IDE: Test works with firefox webdriver but not with htmlunitdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8312" CreationDate="2014-04-17T10:35:31.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two ways of proceeding with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to the actual class file testSuite.TestOrder and change the @Test tag on the method to @Test(enabled=&quot;false&quot;)&#xA;But you will have to recompile your class files every time you have to make a change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;@Test(group={&quot;ignore&quot;}) &#xA;TestNG has a group option which help you categorize the tests. Mark all test that you want to ignore during the run in the above format. Now modify the testng.xml&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this and experiment around.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_tutorial.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_tutorial.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7533" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T10:35:31.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8319" CreationDate="2014-04-17T10:45:23.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is not a reliable way to create tests. It would be a maintenance nightmare. You might be better of using the webdriver package as such. It supports multiple programming languages. If you know Java, Python or C#, you should be able to pick it up in a day. Most QA teams forget that test automation is software development after all.&#xA;Let me know if you do face any specific issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7533" LastActivityDate="2014-04-17T10:45:23.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8288" CreationDate="2014-04-18T05:46:23.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have a license for HP QTP give it a shot. You can even evaluate it for 30 days. On the other hand if you are looking for open-source tools, AutoIT might be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7533" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T05:46:23.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8319" CreationDate="2014-04-18T06:56:53.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium tests are always run against a browser. HTMLUnit mimics a browser in a headless form.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Running tests against a headless browser is great for faster feedback during development, but in the long run you will want to run your tests against real browsers to find browser compatibility issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Did you try &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;, its a headless webkit browser. I know of teams that run the tests vs PhantomJS first locally, before they fire it up against a grid like &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Saucelabs&lt;/a&gt; to test all different browsers. If you Google on PhantomJS and Webdriver you will find a lot of people playing with it, like this blog post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://itkosmopolit.wordpress.com/2013/11/23/quick-start-of-running-selenium-webdriver-against-phantomjs-in-java-on-windows/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://itkosmopolit.wordpress.com/2013/11/23/quick-start-of-running-selenium-webdriver-against-phantomjs-in-java-on-windows/&lt;/a&gt;. As it is a &quot;real&quot; browser you can also take screenshots in a headless mode. :)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T06:56:53.633" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8315" CreationDate="2014-04-18T08:56:30.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about: &quot;If a job's worth doing it's worth doing well!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do we review other peoples work, because they are sloppy? No, I believe in continuously improving in small steps, someone has to monitor what needs improving though :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T08:56:30.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8315" CreationDate="2014-04-18T10:37:02.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try these if it helps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Review or Lament&quot;&#xA;&quot;Review or Perish&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7533" LastActivityDate="2014-04-18T10:37:02.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8330" CreationDate="2014-04-18T18:53:30.420" Score="3" ViewCount="1498" Body="&lt;p&gt;My organization recently created a Performance testing environment. Our primary goal of performance testing is to catch performance degradation with future releases of our application. In Production, our web applications are deployed behind a load balancer, which is written and maintained by another team. To simulate Production environment, a decision was made to have two instances of each web application deployed in Performance environment, and execute performance tests against load balancer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel that it is not an optimal decision, because we do not have control over load balancers, and my idea is to concentrate on testing performance of our application accessed directly via host name. Due to the fact that I lack experience with performance testing, I would like to understand arguments for and against these two different setups, and if I am correct, find necessary arguments to persuade management to change initial decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T10:33:48.040" Title="Should I do performance testing of my web application having two instances behind a load balancer?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8327" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-19T00:49:32.633" Score="2" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing test cases for a simple open-source utility using Perl's &lt;code&gt;Test::More&lt;/code&gt; module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two bugs in the utility that, due to the way they interact, cause one of the test cases to pass.  (I discovered the two bugs because there are other test cases where the two bugs don't cancel each other out.)  If either bug is fixed (but not both), suddenly that test case starts failing.  How should I annotate the test to deal with this situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally when there's a bug I simply mark the test as an expected failure with a reference to the bug report.  In this case, I can't mark it as an expected failure because the test itself is not failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My default plan is to leave the test marked as expected to pass and just add a comment next to the test case explaining the situation.  There are a few reasons why I don't like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The passing test case gives a false sense of proper behavior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a developer fixes one of the two bugs they might be surprised to see a newly failing test case.  The comment next to the test case should make it easy to investigate the situation and change the test from expected pass to expected fail, but I still prefer to avoid surprises.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a commit intended to fix a bug causes a test to start failing, others will be suspicious of the bug fix (and the associated change to mark the test case as expected to fail).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suppose commit #1 fixes one of the bugs and marks the test case as expected to fail.  Commit #2 fixes the other bug and marks the test case as expected to pass.  Now commit #2 can't be cherry-picked to a release branch without either cherry-picking commit #1 or re-marking the test case as expected to fail.  Cherry-picking commit #1 might be considered too risky for the release branch, but re-marking the test case increases the likelihood of introducing a merge conflict resolution error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;Test::More&lt;/code&gt; module (and the Test Anything Protocol) don't support marking a test as &quot;accidental pass&quot;, but even if they did I don't know if that would be the right way to deal with this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I mark the test case to reduce the risk of future problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7541" LastEditorUserId="7541" LastEditDate="2014-04-24T18:33:17.723" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T18:33:17.723" Title="Testing when two bugs cancel each other out?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8326" CreationDate="2014-04-19T09:22:51.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance testing environment need to mimic exact production steps. Please find my suggestions and questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, You need to use loadbalancer (This is recommended). This would mimic exact production setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have exact production hardware setup for performance testing ? Is it a scaled down version ? If it is a scaled down version then you need to understand How does the loadbalancer work, Is it IP based or http request based? If it is IP based then you need not worry much as there would be no routing involved (proxy handling), Load balancer also has logic to handle requests(Round robin, sticky sessions etc..) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alternatively if you can identify the amount of load, single instance can handle you can extrapolate how adding another instance would benefit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the impact of load balancer on application logic, Is it just routing (dumb routing) ?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are some questions to begin with. You can assess based on your application implementation and decide on next steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2014-04-20T07:04:43.857" LastActivityDate="2014-04-20T07:04:43.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8326" CreationDate="2014-04-19T16:14:40.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to decide on your goal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you want to estimate your performance or capacity in production, you will want your test environment to mimic your production environment as much as possible.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your goal is to detect performance problems in your web application, you can probably get away with testing against a single instance.  You won't necessarily be able to quantify how much performance degradation you will see in production, but that might be ok.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-04-19T16:14:40.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8327" CreationDate="2014-04-20T09:58:22.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, I edited this answer based on your clarified question. (It makes sense now.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is important to treat automation as a tool rather than a &quot;tester&quot;. A major fallacy in automation is to treat each of the test cases as pass/fail tests. Instead, it is better to treat them as &quot;trip wires&quot; that simply indicate additional attention should be paid to the test case that is failing in the automation. The tendency to treat them as pass/fail tests is bound in the (improper) use of the automation results as a metric. As you have shown in your question, any metrics derived from the automation results can be very misleading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an extension of that, I would suggest not generating defects based on automated results. Instead the defects should be generated only after the &quot;failure&quot; has been shown to be significant through manual verification. My suggestion is to not worry about the canceling bugs, since they still show up individually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that is a better answer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastEditorUserId="4744" LastEditDate="2014-04-21T23:52:52.857" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T23:52:52.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8326" CreationDate="2014-04-20T17:12:50.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your application deployment scenarios. If it can be deployed as single instance you need to do performance checks of single-node deployment. If it can be deployed either as single instance or as 2x instance behind the load balancer - you need to check both. If your application isn't being the product itself and it's exposes some kind of service you need to do the performance testing under conditions as close to production as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summarizing all above: I would recommend to do performance testing of 2x instances and the load balancer in addition or instead of testing single node as for instance one of &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/34412-performance-metrics-for-websites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;performance metrics&lt;/a&gt; is Latency which is &quot;time until first response&quot; and can be vital in case of complex deployments where network speed and routing hard or software configuration matter.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-04-20T17:12:50.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-20T22:40:42.520" Score="11" ViewCount="2152" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Our functional test suite is slow&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have inherited a functional test suite using Selenium 2 (Webdriver) and Junit. We have around 500 tests written for our Java web application.  Running the full suite takes several hours, so we only run it overnight on our CI server. I want to speed up our test suite by running our tests in parallel, I have researched various solutions for parallel execution including using Selenium Grid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;How we currently handle data&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our test suite currently drops and restores the database in between each test class, we do this to have a known state and avoid data conflicts between tests. However, if we were to run several tests in parallel restoring the database would likely results in errors unless it was coordinated across tests (&lt;em&gt;I wouldn't want to drop the database while another test is in the middle of its execution&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Some possible solutions:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create test groups (ex: &lt;em&gt;tests which can run concurrently&lt;/em&gt; vs &lt;em&gt;tests that have to run sequentially&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have each test remove the data it creates (&lt;em&gt;not always possible&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run each tests using a different user to minimize data conflict (&lt;em&gt;very time consuming to create 500 users&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploy multiple instances of our web application, each with its own database (&lt;em&gt;each test would have to known which instance its running on and drop the correct database&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: These guys touch on this issue &lt;a href=&quot;http://youtu.be/oX-0Mt5zju0?t=9m10s&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://youtu.be/oX-0Mt5zju0?t=9m10s&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6649" LastEditorUserId="6649" LastEditDate="2014-04-21T04:21:40.040" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T08:09:08.263" Title="How to manage application data when running multiple tests in parallel?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8335" CreationDate="2014-04-20T23:11:49.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your nice list covers all of the usual bases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement some sort of &quot;critical region&quot; mechanism around the individual pieces of data that are shared among tests, and that different tests require to have different values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This creates its own problems, of course. It causes one test to block while waiting for another to finish with the data. If the data is held long enough by a test, other tests might time out while waiting (if you have a timeout on your tests, or if you are running on some service like Sauce Labs that might abort an idle browser session).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So use this trick only if the data conflicts are few and short-lived.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The long runtimes might also benefit from another idea: Use the UI for only those parts of the test that require the UI. Skip around the UI to some faster mechanism for setups and teardowns, and perhaps for assertions (if you're not asserting something about how information is displayed through the UI).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-04-20T23:11:49.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8335" CreationDate="2014-04-20T23:37:13.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have ran into this case earlier during performance tests. Whenever data is picked up by any running thread the flag for that row will be set to 1. The next thread will look for data where the flag equals zero. This way the data picked up for test execution is always un-used input data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-04-20T23:37:13.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8338" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-21T10:09:36.497" Score="0" ViewCount="16224" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a session timeout problem like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium + webdriver + java(junit)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While testing each(tab) test case of particular web page in one programme, i need first test Login button, after successfully login i need to click on button called &quot;add device&quot;. Now my problem is when i click on &quot;add device&quot; Login page comes and says &quot;session time out&quot;. Please help me...........Thanks in advance......&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And Updated code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.regex.Pattern;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.junit.*;&#xA;import static org.junit.Assert.*;&#xA;import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.ProfilesIni;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;&#xA;//import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.SeleneseTestBase;&#xA;&#xA;public class NuemeraClass extends SeleneseTestBase {&#xA;  private static WebDriver driver;&#xA;  private String baseUrl;&#xA;  private boolean acceptNextAlert = true;&#xA;  private StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();&#xA;  String str = null;&#xA;  private boolean check = false;&#xA;&#xA;  @Before&#xA;  public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    // System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);   &#xA;     //driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;     // DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;      //FirefoxProfile firefoxProfile = new ProfilesIni().getProfile(&quot;default&quot;);&#xA;     // WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxProfile);&#xA;      //DesiredCapabilities dc = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;      //driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;      driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;      baseUrl = &quot;http://localhost:8080/&quot;;&#xA;      driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;      driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;      driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;  public void testUntitled() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl+&quot;/Nuemera/promotional&quot;);&#xA;    assertEquals(&quot;BLOCK MY PHONE - Registration Benefits&quot;,driver.getTitle());&#xA;&#xA;                    /*Testing Benefits------starts*/&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Benefits&quot;)).click();&#xA;    str = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class = 'benefits text-center no-mobile']/h1&quot;)).getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(str);&#xA;    assertEquals(str,&quot;STOLEN? BLOCK IT NOW!&quot;);&#xA;                    /*Testing Benefits------ends*/&#xA;&#xA;                    /*Testing FAQ------starts*/&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;FAQ&quot;)).click();&#xA;   str =  driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class = 'box faqheader']/h2&quot;)).getText();&#xA;   System.out.println(str);&#xA;   assertEquals(str,&quot;Frequently Asked Questions&quot;);&#xA;  // Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;                    /*Testing FAQ------ends*/&#xA;   File snapshot =((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);           &#xA;   System.out.println(snapshot);&#xA;&#xA;                    /*Testing Contact-------starts*/&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Contact&quot;)).click();&#xA;    str = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class = 'box grey']/div/p&quot;)).getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(str);&#xA;    assertEquals(str,&quot;Coming soon...&quot;);&#xA;    //Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;                    /*Testing Contact ------ends*/&#xA;&#xA;                    /*Testing Login button--------starts*/&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Login&quot;)).click();&#xA;    str = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id = 'loginDiv1']/form/a&quot;)).getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(str);&#xA;    assertEquals(str,&quot;Sign In&quot;);&#xA;    //Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;                    /*Testing Login button--------ends*/&#xA;&#xA;      /*Testing successfully Login or Not------starts*/&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userId&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userId&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxx@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;pwd&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;pwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxx&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id = 'loginDiv1']/form/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;    str = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class = 'container']/nav/ul/li[6]/a&quot;)).getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(str);&#xA;    assertEquals(str,&quot;xxx@gmail.com   Log Out&quot;);&#xA;    /*Testing successfully Login or Not------ends*/&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id = 'deviceList']/div/div/div/div/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class = 'fancybox-skin']/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);         &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;done&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;@After&#xA;  public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;    String verificationErrorString = verificationErrors.toString();&#xA;    if (!&quot;&quot;.equals(verificationErrorString)) {&#xA;      fail(verificationErrorString);&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;/*@AfterClass&#xA;public void testAfterClass() throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;}*/&#xA;&#xA;  private boolean isElementPresent(By by) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      driver.findElement(by);&#xA;      return true;&#xA;    } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;      return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private boolean isAlertPresent() {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;      return true;&#xA;    } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {&#xA;      return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private String closeAlertAndGetItsText() {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;      String alertText = alert.getText();&#xA;      if (acceptNextAlert) {&#xA;        alert.accept();&#xA;      } else {&#xA;        alert.dismiss();&#xA;      }&#xA;      return alertText;&#xA;    } finally {&#xA;      acceptNextAlert = true;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7551" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-10-07T04:12:39.280" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T04:12:39.280" Title="Selenium session timeout" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8339" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8364" CreationDate="2014-04-21T11:40:37.077" Score="0" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in Selenium and m trying to automate the drag and drop functionality. But everytime I am trying to execute the dragAndDrop() functionality, Eclipse is Giving off Exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PF the code and the Exceptions below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DragAndDropEvents &#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    public void dragElement()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://jqueryui.com/demos/draggable/&quot;); &#xA;        WebElement draggable = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;draggable&quot;)); &#xA;        new Actions(driver).dragAndDropBy(draggable, 120, 120).build() .perform();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) &#xA;    {&#xA;    DragAndDropEvents dragDrop=new DragAndDropEvents();&#xA;    dragDrop.dragElement();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;draggable&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 34 milliseconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.38.0', revision: 'bd32d4e', time: '2013-12-05 16:16:40'&#xA;System info: host: 'MyLappy', ip: '14.99.107.172', os.name: 'Windows 8.1', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.3', java.version: '1.8.0'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=true, rotatable=false, handlesAlerts=true, databaseEnabled=true, version=28.0, platform=XP, browserConnectionEnabled=true, nativeEvents=false, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true, locationContextEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;Session ID: 7dc1eb06-deb9-42e3-9994-2e7a3a41517f&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:193)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:145)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:554)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:307)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementById(RemoteWebDriver.java:348)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ById.findElement(By.java:220)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:299)&#xA;    at DragAndDropEvents.dragElement(DragAndDropEvents.java:30)&#xA;    at DragAndDropEvents.main(DragAndDropEvents.java:59)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler$UnknownServerException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;draggable&quot;}&#xA;Build info: version: '2.38.0', revision: 'bd32d4e', time: '2013-12-05 16:16:40'&#xA;System info: host: 'MyLappy', ip: '14.99.107.172', os.name: 'Windows 8.1', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.3', java.version: '1.8.0'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_(file:///C:/Users/Pratibha/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous8582348192003844770webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver_component.js:8860)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElement(file:///C:/Users/Pratibha/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous8582348192003844770webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver_component.js:8869)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h(file:///C:/Users/Pratibha/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous8582348192003844770webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command_processor.js:10831)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_(file:///C:/Users/Pratibha/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous8582348192003844770webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command_processor.js:10836)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/&amp;lt;(file:///C:/Users/Pratibha/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous8582348192003844770webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command_processor.js:10778)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the Above code using different types of locators like 01. xpath 02. className 03. Name etc.&#xA;Always I am encountering the same exception. Only when tried with xpath, the Exception does not occur but it won't do the required function. It will select the the text at the bottom of the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am at a fix!! Please help me with this issue.&#xA;Thanks in Advance:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7550" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T14:06:57.327" Title="dragAndDropBy() function Encountering Exception" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8340" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8347" CreationDate="2014-04-21T11:51:42.637" Score="5" ViewCount="8761" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am a beginner in Selenium and am trying to learn selenium on my own by googling. One thing which I noticed was in many of the posts which I read about selenium the name of the framework by name &quot;TestNG&quot; is common. I have understood that its a framework and with its Annotations and Test case compliance power, we can organize our Selenium test cases using the TestNG. But I have few queries regarding the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By using the TestNG framework, should we modify the Selenium Code which we write?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any Coding standards which has to be mandatory used while using TestNG?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please, do clarify my doubts. And even recommend some of the blogs/sites from where I can learn Selenium as a beginner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7550" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:51:36.970" LastActivityDate="2020-09-30T14:50:56.530" Title="Difference between Selenium and TestNG" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8338" CreationDate="2014-04-21T12:35:39.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@siva prasad: Did you use wait in your script?, if not please use below code may solve your problem. If not please paste your code so we can look into it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T12:35:39.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8338" CreationDate="2014-04-21T12:38:30.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest to run Fiddler or some other HTTP debugging proxy on the machine where your test is executed to check what is actually sent as part of a request. It may be that you use some outdated cookie value that results in &quot;Session timeout&quot;. If it is indeed a problem with cookie, you can delete all cookies when you instantiate your webdriver:&lt;code&gt;webdriver.manage().deleteAllCookies()&lt;/code&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/remote/RemoteWebDriver.RemoteWebDriverOptions.html#deleteAllCookies%28%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;api docs&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, you can try to use different browser profile when instantiating your webdriver (for example, look &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/profiles-where-firefox-stores-user-data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for info on Firefox profiles). By default, a new anonymous profile is created, but you can also create a dedicated profile for your test execution (look &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12031253/what-profile-does-selenium-webdriver-use-by-default&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for more info). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T12:38:30.957" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8352" CreationDate="2014-04-21T14:06:19.937" Score="1" ViewCount="10677" Body="&lt;p&gt;As i am connecting to JDBC with jmeter im getting the error even though my &lt;strong&gt;url, jdbc driver class, username and password&lt;/strong&gt; is provided correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2014/04/21 18:59:09 WARN  -&#xA;  jmeter.protocol.jdbc.config.DataSourceElement: Could not return&#xA;  Connection java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for&#xA;  jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.46:1522:dev10g    at&#xA;  java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:602)  at&#xA;  java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:185)  at&#xA;  org.apache.avalon.excalibur.datasource.JdbcConnectionFactory.newInstance(JdbcConnectionFactory.java:185)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.avalon.excalibur.pool.ResourceLimitingPool.newPoolable(ResourceLimitingPool.java:672)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.avalon.excalibur.pool.ValidatedResourceLimitingPool.newPoolable(ValidatedResourceLimitingPool.java:178)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.avalon.excalibur.datasource.ResourceLimitingJdbcConnectionPool.newPoolable(ResourceLimitingJdbcConnectionPool.java:123)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.avalon.excalibur.pool.ResourceLimitingPool.get(ResourceLimitingPool.java:402)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.avalon.excalibur.pool.ValidatedResourceLimitingPool.get(ValidatedResourceLimitingPool.java:130)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.avalon.excalibur.datasource.ResourceLimitingJdbcDataSource.getConnection(ResourceLimitingJdbcDataSource.java:222)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.jdbc.config.DataSourceElement$DataSourceComponentImpl.getConnection(DataSourceElement.java:286)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.jdbc.config.DataSourceElement.getConnection(DataSourceElement.java:146)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.jdbc.sampler.JDBCSampler.sample(JDBCSampler.java:85)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.process_sampler(JMeterThread.java:428)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.run(JMeterThread.java:256)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T10:45:02.587" Title="Java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8315" CreationDate="2014-04-21T16:02:05.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Classic one might be the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus%27s_Law&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Linus's Law&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T16:02:05.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8300" CreationDate="2014-04-21T16:14:38.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We separate &quot;feedback&quot; from &quot;bug&quot;. We found than many so-called &quot;bugs&quot; reported by feedback are not bugs but code working as required (but not obvious for user). And of course you may have multiple feedbacks for same bug (and often you need to do some research to link it to existing bug). And quite often feedback reports &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heisenbug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Heisenbug&lt;/a&gt; which is hard to reproduce and/or study. Adding all feedbacks to bug database would bloat it. So we have two-level process: &#xA;(1) evaluating feedbacks (with possible creating a bug from feedback, or deciding that it is caused by existing bug)&#xA;(2) evaluating bugs and assigning priority and severity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T16:14:38.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8340" CreationDate="2014-04-21T17:10:37.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You seem to have picked up basics correctly. I can add my inputs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is mainly for web test automation. Predominantly you will simulate user actions on the website. The code generated by IDE need to be modified to make it data driven / organizing test scenarios etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are going to write automation code (you need to manage input data handling, pre-test execution, post test execution, tracking errors / failures etc). TestNG framework provides all the above listed features by itself reducing your effort to reinvent the wheel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer basic examples from testng.org, seleniumtests.com. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This forum can provide lot more useful pointers / specific help if you run into issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T17:10:37.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8340" CreationDate="2014-04-21T17:51:13.470" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used Selenium and TestNG in the past to manage a lot of my automation and as Siva mentioned you do have the basics down.  While TestNG is one of the most common Frameworks out there, it is not the only one, and you can use whatever one works for you.  So long as you can import the Selenium drivers you can use any framework in which you are familiar, I've used Gallio, TestNG, PowerShell, Fitnesse/Fitnium as a wrapper and even Python/Robot to drive the tests.  Find which one works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for a way to organize your tests that make sense to you and your Users, I have added SpecFlow on top of my Test Cases to make the higher level descriptions more readable to Business Users.  This allowed me to code with Selenium/Web Driver behind the scenes and do the kind of testing I wanted, while presenting a readable set of Test Cases to my Users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should not need to modify your code while using TestNG, although it depends on what features of TestNG you take advantage of; you probably could though I didn't when I originally set up my framework.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coding Standards I tend to think of as being specific to your company, if you don't already have some standards then check with your developers and see if you can co-opt theirs this way you have a standard across departments.  Code then looks the same in your organization and it is easy for anyone to review, or even give your test code a code review - which you should do anyway.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of places to learn, but it depends on your level of expertise.  Check the examples at the Selenium site first, then if you feel comfortable you can look for more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-04-21T17:51:13.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-21T23:48:45.887" Score="6" ViewCount="2239" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a BA degree in Biochemistry.  I worked at a research lab for 5 yrs before I quit my job to be a stay at home.  Now I want to change my career and get into the field of QA.  I don't have much knowledge as to what the best way is to get into this field.  I cant afford to take online courses, so I want to self teach it to me.  Any suggestions and help would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7555" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-04-22T11:05:20.783" LastActivityDate="2020-11-26T16:51:20.817" Title="Changing my career field to QA" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8326" CreationDate="2014-04-22T00:26:03.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are arguments for and against doing your testing against one or more than one server.  Whether testing against one or more than one server however, I would still suggest including the load balancer in the tests.  The load balancer configuration can have a major impact on performance and functionality of your site.  It can, if configured incorrectly cause undesired behavior such as &quot;session swapping&quot; which is a good argument for executing tests against more than one server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Executing your tests against a single server (but still behind a load balancer) can help you identify bottlenecks, and give you a good idea of how your application will perform.  That is usually where I start.  Sometimes it is also more practical, especially if that one server can handle a massive quantity of concurrent requests.  It may be difficult to put together tests that will generate enough load to effectively test more than one server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After executing those tests, you can then execute additional tests with more than 1 server behind a load balancer.  In many circumstances doubling the servers will double your throughput, but depending on your infrastructure you may see diminishing returns by adding additional hardware.  This is very important to understand if one of your goals for performance testing is capacity planning for future levels of user load.  You may need to test with 2, or even more servers behind a load balancer to effectively plan server capacity.  This exercise is more difficult if your hardware does not exactly match production hardware, but you can at least come up with some good educated guesses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T00:26:03.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8349" CreationDate="2014-04-22T06:33:30.573" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer is that there are much free online courses available, you can opt for it and with free time use &lt;strong&gt;selenium IDE , QTP&lt;/strong&gt; trial version in your system and gain your knowledge. Google it for more free courses and tutorials for tools and learn them there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T06:33:30.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8343" CreationDate="2014-04-22T07:22:53.600" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter doesn't come with any JDBC driver shipped. Looking into stacktrace I can see that you're using Oracle and presumably 10g version. You need to download &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/jdbc-112010-090769.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Oracle JDBC driver&lt;/a&gt; (or better fetch it from ORACLE_HOME/jdbc/lib, you'll need &lt;code&gt;ojdbc6.jar&lt;/code&gt; as it matches Java 6 which is required for the latest JMeter) and drop it to &lt;code&gt;/lib&lt;/code&gt; folder of your JMeter installation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also don't forget to properly set up &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Connection_Configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JDBC Connection Configuration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65143-using-jdbc-sampler-in-jmeter-2-6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using JDBC Sampler in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more useful tips. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T07:22:53.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8358" CreationDate="2014-04-22T09:09:35.213" Score="1" ViewCount="16198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to login my page using JMeter, i have used login config element with appropriate username and password, but it doesn't work. So please help me and guide me to solve this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2020-02-01T03:15:08.733" Title="How to login a page using JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8354" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8369" CreationDate="2014-04-22T11:14:30.253" Score="2" ViewCount="479" Body="&lt;p&gt;After working with UI automation for some time and having to maintain many system tests (huge end-to-end tests that start all the way from software installation to testing via UI), I finally realized that it is a bad investment to have many UI tests. I saw some diagrams in the past showing how many tests should exist on Unit/Integration/System level (around 70/25/5). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: if you were to find correct and strong arguments for management to persuade them not to invest a lot into UI automation, but more into Unit/Integration tests, what arguments would you use (maybe some links to case studies, test books, etc.)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1201" LastEditorUserId="1201" LastEditDate="2014-04-22T15:34:42.417" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T13:56:05.643" Title="What arguments would you make to persuade management that UI automation is a bad investment" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8349" CreationDate="2014-04-22T11:32:10.920" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you start with the software quality blogs and forums around the Internet. Some of the online portals I like are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Joe Strazzere's &lt;a href=&quot;http://allthingsquality.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;All Things Quality&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Testing Club&lt;/a&gt; portal (they have a pretty good forum, too)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ministry of Testing&lt;/a&gt; portal (their listing of tools is long and could use more detail, but has a lot of information condensed into a single site, and their blog feed is excellent)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are any tester meetups or testing weekends in your area, look at going to them - I'm quite sure you could find someone willing to mentor you and help get you started. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to look into the automation side, I'd suggest working through tutorials for one of the free tools (Selenium has a large user community - the IDE is rather old and won't be supported for too much longer, but it's a quick way to get a feel for how Selenium works). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're not comfortable with programming, automation may not be for you, but in my view that isn't a major issue because there's always a need for manual testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also take a look at some of these related questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/42/suggested-books-to-start-on-software-testing&quot;&gt;Suggested books to start on software testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/476/how-do-you-prepare-yourself-for-a-testing-position?&quot;&gt;How do you prepare yourself for a testing position?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3238/fundamental-requirements-for-an-entry-level-qa-engineer?&quot;&gt;Fundamental requirements for an entry level QA Engineer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3716/what-does-a-sofware-qa-person-need-to-know-to-perform-their-job-essentially&quot;&gt;What does a software QA person need to know&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should give you somewhere to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T11:32:10.920" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8353" CreationDate="2014-04-22T11:52:27.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We do not have enough information to help you with your situation directly, but I have an idea how you can fix this yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can create a recording with JMeter by using the test script recorder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup a test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start recorder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure browser to use JMeter proxy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preform actions you want to record in the browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run recorded test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can record the login steps by using a real browser, JMeter should include everything you need to login and continue. Including cookies, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this PDF for a step by step usage: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-04-22T12:08:45.083" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T12:08:45.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8357" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-22T12:07:40.347" Score="-1" ViewCount="595" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me out with an answer for: What is &quot;test execution wall clock&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have this information from a job description:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;These are the few questions which QA or Lead QA has to answer. Need&#xA;  write-up / answers on the below from both: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Define “test execution wall clock.” &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How many test programs have you written in C/C++/JAVA/PERL or&#xA;  PYTHON over the past year? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For the test cases you’ve written, what is the wall clock? How&#xA;  frequently did the test cases run?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6879" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T16:06:10.437" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T16:06:10.437" Title="What is &quot;Test Execution Wall Clock&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8353" CreationDate="2014-04-22T12:13:28.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I forgot to enter my parameter in JMeter, so it couldn't recognise them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testingfreak.com/tools/jmeter/parameterization-in-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;With Reference from this link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T12:13:28.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8357" CreationDate="2014-04-22T12:57:52.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14649399/how-to-profile-wall-clock-time-of-tests-running-in-maven-surefire&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; help? Was one of the first search results, I don't know what that &quot;wall clock&quot; is but I hope it can help....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T12:57:52.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8339" CreationDate="2014-04-22T14:06:57.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coincidentally I was working on the same url, trying my hands at handling the Jquery pop-up and kept getting the same error you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was just messing around with the source code of the page and accidentally found the solution. In our haste to handle the pop-ups we missed a simple thing. The website uses an iframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just add the following line right after the &lt;code&gt;driver.get&lt;/code&gt; command and you'll be good to go:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;demo-frame&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T14:06:57.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8317" CreationDate="2014-04-22T14:16:51.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOASTA&lt;/strong&gt; (Known to work with Jenkins and other CI Frameworks) - 100 Threads non expiring license available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LoadRunner&lt;/strong&gt; (Known to work with Jenkins) - 50 virtual user non expiring license available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Borland/Silk Performer&lt;/strong&gt; (CI Integration unknown)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rational Performance Tester&lt;/strong&gt; (CI integration unknown)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T17:57:33.847" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T17:57:33.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8036" CreationDate="2014-04-22T14:23:51.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Ansi C is very lightweight, I recommend the latest version of LoadRunner, version 12.   A 50 user non expiring version is available and feature-wise it buries tools like JMETER and Gatling.   You could also check out SOASTA, a 100 thread non-expiring version is available at no charge.   Also, feature wise, this is a commercial tool built for testing.   SOASTA is a bit heavier on the per virtual user front as it uses JavaScript as it's core language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both tools have a long track record of success and defined capabilities in the CI space with Jenkins and similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're at the point where the financial risk is so large with failure that performance testing is now mandatory then what you will find when you measure the financial risk and compare it to the cost of any market tool that the tool cost is typically the size of a boil on the butt of a mosquito when compared to a risk the size of the cow the mosquito is feeding on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T14:23:51.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8357" CreationDate="2014-04-22T15:00:25.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder if wall clock refers to actual real-time spent on a task versus person hours. For example, if 5 testers worked on a test execution for 5 hours the wall clock would be 5 hours while the person time would be 25 hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could also be referring to how long in actual time an automated test takes to run versus CPU time in multi-threaded applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3140" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T15:00:25.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8357" CreationDate="2014-04-22T15:17:10.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall-clock_time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this wikipedia post&lt;/a&gt; should explain the definition of &quot;Wall clock&quot;. See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall-clock_time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall-clock_time&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you can now apply it to the &quot;test execution&quot; part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T15:17:10.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8354" CreationDate="2014-04-22T15:26:30.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming you mean to push back in terms of reducing the quantity of full-system automated tests and increasing the quantity of lower level tests.  I've been pushing the same thing at my organization for a little while, so I've got some anecdotal advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the test pyramid is the best place to start.  You sound familiar with it, so I'd continue talking about that.  If you need more background on it, Martin Fowler wrote a good article about it &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently I've been trying to ask people what they think the purpose of different types of tests are.  If you have a reasonably decent test pyramid, you essentially know that your application is functioning correctly.  So then, what are the automated UI tests actually testing?  In my experience they're mostly testing that the application was deployed/installed correctly and is actually running.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another concept I really like that goes along with this is &lt;a href=&quot;http://fabiopereira.me/blog/2012/03/18/introducing-depth-of-test-dot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Depth of Test&lt;/a&gt;.  If you're doing all or most of your testing through the UI it's not possible to have any useful focus to your tests.  This reduces the usefulness of your tests because when one fails it's not immediately obvious what caused the failure.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with this I like to say that the usefulness of a test decreases exponentially with the time it takes to run.  This is more related to how often a test runs and less about the execution time of the actual test although they're usually related.  Unit tests are very useful because they run quickly and developers are used to running them.  Integration tests should run fairly quickly such that the barrier to a developer running them pre-checkin shouldn't be very painful.  Maybe they don't want to run them every time they compile.  Automated UI tests, especially a lot of them, take on the order of 10s of minutes, so you don't want to run them that often, if at all.  This makes the test less useful because the feedback it provides is significantly disconnected from the actual change it's supposed to be testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T15:26:30.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8354" CreationDate="2014-04-22T17:10:29.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is often a difficult argument, not least because it frequently shifts &quot;test&quot; responsibility to developers, who may not wish to deal with writing unit or integration tests and see no value to either. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some points I've found helpful here are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's much cheaper in terms of licenses needed and time required to keep business logic tests at the unit test or integration test level where they can run in seconds every time a build runs. If you have a large number of UI level tests that are covering business logic/calculations, this one is (almost) a gimme. (As an example, at a prior workplace, there were thousands of UI-based tests that took a grand total of nearly 12 hours to run. They could - and should - have been unit or integration tests of tax calculations with different input parameters. There was NO unit testing around that code, and worse, it was so spaghettified it was untestable without major refactoring.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the more unit testing and integration testing that's built into the codebase by developers, the more stable the application will be and the easier it will be to modify without breaking existing functionality - and if you get a lot of problems with regression, this is a big deal (in the company with no unit testing, emergency patch releases consumed more than half the test team's time - which meant that new development testing and regression testing got short-changed, leading to more regression bugs leading to... you get the picture)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;even the most well-designed UI automation is fragile and high-maintenance. Even if the issues caused by record/playback have been dealt with, something as simple as making a field non-editable can cause hours of automation refactoring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI automation tends to run into one of two problems: either there are a lot of repeated actions with corresponding problems with repeated code, or the test run is highly dependent on prior tests having completed correctly. In the first case, you can have a small change to the UI causing massive refactoring issues, and in the second a failure early in the run can cause cascading failures further along the run. I have yet to encounter a clean way to maximize DRY automation code while minimizing dependency. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The closer a test is to the thing it's testing, the easier (and faster - and therefore cheaper) it is to identify the problem. If a unit test fails, the problem is in that unit or the unit test. If an integration test fails, the problem could be in any of the units involved, the communication interfaces between the units, or the test. If a UI test fails, you can add in the user interface, anything else the computer happened to be doing at the time (a scheduled virus scan can wreak havoc on a UI automation run), and communication between the UI and the back end. Even with the best logging and test design in the world, this is a challenge for UI test automation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short version is that if you're running a lot of UI tests to validate business logic, those tests would be better handled as unit or integration tests for time, cost, and effectiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T17:10:29.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8371" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8415" CreationDate="2014-04-22T18:26:29.300" Score="1" ViewCount="4660" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having an issue with an element which works with a mouse click and there are some items from which one has to be selected but its unselectable is set to on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever I try to select the elements I get back an error the element is not visible so may not be interacted with, but the element is visible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using a Kendo UI in there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Html code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;k-multiselect-wrap k-floatwrap&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul id=&quot;ProfileEditSharedModel_SelectedIndustrySectorIds_taglist&quot; class=&quot;k-reset&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; role=&quot;listbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;k-button&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;Sector 1&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;k-icon k-delete&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;delete&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;k-input&quot; style=&quot;width: 25px;&quot; accesskey=&quot;&quot; role=&quot;listbox&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-owns=&quot;ProfileEditSharedModel_SelectedIndustrySectorIds_taglist ProfileEditSharedModel_SelectedIndustrySectorIds_listbox&quot; aria-disabled=&quot;false&quot; aria-readonly=&quot;false&quot; aria-busy=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;k-icon k-loading k-loading-hidden&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;ProfileEditSharedModel_SelectedIndustrySectorIds&quot; class=&quot;bigselect&quot; name=&quot;ProfileEditSharedModel.SelectedIndustrySectorIds&quot; multiple=&quot;multiple&quot; data-val-required=&quot;*&quot; data-val=&quot;true&quot; data-placeholder=&quot;Select Sectors...&quot; data-role=&quot;multiselect&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot; aria-disabled=&quot;false&quot; aria-readonly=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;Sector 1&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;Sector 2&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;Sector 3&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7562" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T12:56:06.007" LastActivityDate="2019-03-11T06:02:48.337" Title="Selenium element not selectable for a kendo ui element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8372" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8377" CreationDate="2014-04-22T21:11:21.457" Score="1" ViewCount="5429" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a WPF application and I have a custom object (the output) with images and text. I need to check if the output has a correct format. I tried with Coded UI but, because the element is a custom object, I can't compare its properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the best tool to compare visual objects? I also need it to be able to automate the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7565" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T11:48:08.623" Title="Automated Test With Image Comparison" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8372" CreationDate="2014-04-22T21:30:33.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use TestComplete in order to test images. From the tool itself I store images (several formats supported) then, when I run my coded tests I compare the actual image on the running application (identified by object ID or by paths) with the stored image (it compares bit a bit). It works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete supports WPF applications as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing-tools/testcomplete-integrations/wpf-application-support/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://smartbear.com/products/qa-tools/automated-testing-tools/testcomplete-integrations/wpf-application-support/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: It's a comercial tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7566" LastActivityDate="2014-04-22T21:30:33.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8349" CreationDate="2014-04-22T23:07:06.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, it would be great if you expose the reasons that drive you to move to the QA world. What attracts your attention. As you studied Biochemistry there are great opportunities for you for instance in Pharmaceutical or Petrochemical industries, where high risks products and processes require a high level of Quality Assurance and Control. Its professionals are very well paid. No much extra study you will require to begin as a junior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think in the software sector instead, you would need to study some software fundamentals, which will require some time. If this is the case I recommend beginning with the path of the ISTQB certification that will take you 3-4 months of part-time study and it will let you begin to work as a junior Software Tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I mentioned before, everything depends on where you want to develop your career, and it is not a trivial decision. So let's clarify this before :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7566" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-08-28T07:58:19.983" LastActivityDate="2020-08-28T07:58:19.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8372" CreationDate="2014-04-23T09:08:40.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; tools, a lot of them are open sourced, I heard that &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikuli&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sikuli&lt;/a&gt; does the job regarding images, but never tried it.&#xA;You can also take a screenshot of the screen and compare it to a saved one...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-04-23T09:08:40.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8372" CreationDate="2014-04-23T10:21:53.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testapi.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testapi.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt; (.net library) offers visual comparison and is pretty easy to get working. I flirted with the idea of integrating it with our project but I'm still not convinced that automated visual verification testing is suitable for long term regression testing. But if I had to do it then I'd start with testapi. Here is the tutorial for comparing images. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ivo_manolov/archive/2009/04/20/9557563.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ivo_manolov/archive/2009/04/20/9557563.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastActivityDate="2014-04-23T10:21:53.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8378" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8388" CreationDate="2014-04-23T10:39:18.287" Score="12" ViewCount="55733" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to run an JMeter test plan that it should be completed in specified time or it should be terminated within that stipulated time? Please throw me light on this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2021-05-16T13:17:36.290" Title="How to run JMeter test plan for specified amount of time?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8353" CreationDate="2014-04-23T13:19:08.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your plan. It'll automatically handle sessions and cookie-based authentication. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that you can see if there any mandatory dynamic parameters are passed with the request. Just record your log in test case several times and see what parameters are static and what are changing from time to time. If there are any you'll need to fetch them from opening login page response and pass as arguments for the request which does actual log in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/aspnet-login-testing-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ASP.NET Login Testing with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details, the approach will play even for not .NET based web applications.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-04-23T13:19:08.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1224" CreationDate="2014-04-23T14:12:11.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Manual and exploratory are two different things but together can make huge difference to the testing. Both things comes into picture when time is the factor, so if you have time then scripted manual testing is good option but when time is less then exploratory testing is obvious a good choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7573" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-04-23T17:04:49.823" LastActivityDate="2014-04-23T17:04:49.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8381" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-23T14:40:16.360" Score="0" ViewCount="826" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using chrome Version 34.0.1847.116 on Mac OSX 64 bit. When I run the testcase using chrome, the testcase fails. The same testcase works in firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Test {&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String url=&quot;http://my.setmore.com/bookingpage/642a419721f241beb5&quot;;&#xA;    static String st=&quot;No Slots Available&quot;;&#xA;    static String xpath_service=&quot;.//*[@id='ed5b41b240aa4095a0']/div/b&quot;;&#xA;    static String css_currentdate=&quot;td.datepickerSelected &amp;gt; a &amp;gt; span&quot;;&#xA;    private static String xpath_slots=&quot;//div[@class='time_sheet']/ul[@class='morning' or 'afternoon' or 'evening']/li/a&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp(){&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/Applications/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();              &#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.get(url);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void currentdate(){&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath_service)).click(); /*I got an exception at this place*/&#xA;        //code&#xA;        int count=slots;&#xA;        if(count==0) {  &#xA;            System.out.println(st);&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            //code&#xA;            currentdate();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    @After&#xA;    public void end(){&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is throwing a &lt;strong&gt;java.lang.NullPointer.Exception&lt;/strong&gt; on the &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement&lt;/code&gt; call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-24T20:06:14.777" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T20:06:29.187" Title="Testcases fails on chromedriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7403" CreationDate="2014-04-23T15:18:52.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your program flow is something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download spreadsheet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upload changed spreadsheet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I suggest that you prepare a spreadsheet with the changes that you are testing for. Then your test can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the spreadsheet download is happening&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upload the second spreadsheet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the relevant changes happen in the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-04-23T15:18:52.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-23T16:41:22.130" Score="2" ViewCount="397" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a DOM structure &quot;&lt;strong&gt;div &gt; table id = 't1' &gt; tbody &gt; tr&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (count of tr changes on resize)&#xA;The javascript function changes the number of rows on resizing the browser. I want to count number of rows for the table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using the following code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   final String tablePath = &quot;//../div/table[1]&quot;;&#xA;   final int size = Browser.getElements(By.xpath(tablePath).tagName(&quot;tbody&quot;)).size();&#xA;   System.out.println(&quot;row count=&quot; + size);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How will I show the rowcount which is changing dynamically? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7515" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T01:35:29.757" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T01:35:29.757" Title="Selenium JUnit DOM Testing - Problem with counting Dynamic rows" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8392" CreationDate="2014-04-23T17:14:27.163" Score="7" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently moved into the Software Testing department of my organization.The business has little history of automating testing, and most software development and testing is conducted by third parties on our behalf. However, we do employ testers directly, and are now looking to increase automation within software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this, we have begun to purchase test scripts for regression packages from these third parties. I have a bit of programming experience, and I worry that purchasing scripts will not allow us to have a) the knowledge to evaluate these scripts effectively and b) to fully access the benefits of automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the full benefits of automation, I mean the capacity to understand on the spot whether or not a process is a potential candidate for automation, how long it would take to automate versus manual execution, how to effectively re-use existing function libraries (test partners and the individuals working for them regularly change) etc. This knowledge could lead us beyond simply automating regression packs for long term maintenance purposes, to more sophisticated automation approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as no such capacity exists within the organization at the moment, there would be costs associated with creating and maintaining the skill base required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As someone new to testing, I wonder - are my concerns justified, or are the cost savings associated with buying test scripts sufficient justification for a lack of in-house expertise? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7575" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T23:59:30.113" Title="Testing Automation: How effective is it to purchase automation scripts rather than developing in-house scripting capacity?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8385" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8828" CreationDate="2014-04-23T18:44:35.740" Score="2" ViewCount="3401" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Calabash and I am looking for a solution...&#xA; The test case says:&#xA; I have to verify the text on txt_email&#xA; Below are the properties of txt_email and I have to verify that the txt_email value is cuong24@yahoo.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;                       &quot;id&quot; =&amp;gt; &quot;txt_email&quot;,&#xA;                  &quot;enabled&quot; =&amp;gt; true,&#xA;       &quot;contentDescription&quot; =&amp;gt; nil,&#xA;                    &quot;class&quot; =&amp;gt; &quot;android.widget.EditText&quot;,&#xA;                    &quot;text&quot;  =&amp;gt; &quot;cuong24@yahoo.com&quot;,&#xA;                     &quot;rect&quot; =&amp;gt; {&#xA;           &quot;center_y&quot; =&amp;gt; 342.5,&#xA;           &quot;center_x&quot; =&amp;gt; 1059.0,&#xA;             &quot;height&quot; =&amp;gt; 72,&#xA;                  &quot;y&quot; =&amp;gt; 378,&#xA;              &quot;width&quot; =&amp;gt; 168,&#xA;                  &quot;x&quot; =&amp;gt; 975&#xA;       },&#xA;              &quot;description&quot; =&amp;gt; &quot;android.widget.EditText{......}&quot;&#xA;   },&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used a custom step :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;When /^I am verify for editText of email$/ do&#xA;  performAction('assert_view_property', &quot;txt_email&quot;, &quot;text&quot;, &quot;cuong24@yahoo.com&quot;)&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but its not working...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Cuong Nguyen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7099" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T08:55:57.097" Title="How to get the text to verify for editText in calabash Android?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;calabash&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8349" CreationDate="2014-04-24T05:32:42.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I myself comes from a purely Science field (nothing technical) before being a QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you read books related to QA and software testing. Anything you can get a hand of those books are worth it. A lot of free downloadable ebooks are available online. Familiarize yourself with the common terms used, especially the different types of testing used. Then be honest to your employer that have no experience but really want to learn and pursue being a QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honesty is the key. Don't pretend to know something when you don't. Instead, persist to learn. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7578" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T05:32:42.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8378" CreationDate="2014-04-24T08:05:04.733" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;It isn't possible at Test Plan level, but there are following options available:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set &lt;code&gt;Duration (seconds)&lt;/code&gt; to the desired value for each &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Action&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Action&lt;/a&gt; timer to stop all the threads (for example create a separate thread group, add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Constant Timer&lt;/a&gt; which will sleep desired number of seconds, when the timer all threads will be requested to stop&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beanshell Sampler&lt;/a&gt; anywhere in your script. Relevant Beanshell code to stop the test looks as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SampleResult.setStopTest(true); // to ASK threads to stop&#xA;SampleResult.setStopTestNow(true); // to TELL threads to stop&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;Duration&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Stop&lt;/code&gt; doesn't mean that your test plan will end at that moment as threads need some time to gracefully shut down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of forceful termination threads may produce extra errors which will be reflected in test results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T08:05:04.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8391" CreationDate="2014-04-24T09:24:03.657" Score="0" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test link reports seem highly tied with a test plan. I have test cases marked with &quot;Execution Type&quot; manual / automated. I just could not find any way to gather count of manual and automated tests with out creating a test plan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is any one else collecting such metrics from test link without involving test plan ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="134" LastEditDate="2014-04-24T09:31:22.917" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T09:55:03.017" Title="Test case count report in testlink" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8384" CreationDate="2014-04-24T09:25:27.110" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of this will depend on if you are getting a good return of investment from your third part testers and testing scripts. If the end result if a good regression suite with the ability to vary inputs and conditions at a reasonable price then there is less urgency to take the automation fully in house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if the third part testing scripts provide a good return of investment there is likely to be limitations. If the test scripts break then you have to wait for the third party to fix them, if the behaviour of the produced software is to change then you have to communicate these changes to the third parties which can be a challenge. And there are the concerns you mentionded,: Is every test that could be automated actually automated? Do we know what is worth automating and what isn't? Are the automated tests well designed and make effective use of existing libraries? These are questions and limitations that you can solve if you take control of the test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned that &quot;that there is little history of test automation in the business&quot; and that you've only &quot;begun to purchase test scripts&quot; which sounds like you are starting from scratch and there is no previous automated test set up. To me this is the perfect time to take the test automation in house. My advice would be take your time and build up your own test automation scripts whilst still making use of your third party scripts, once your own scripts are good enough then you can look to end the third party scripts subscriptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2412" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T09:25:27.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8389" CreationDate="2014-04-24T09:55:03.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can not, since, in theory you can not start executing test cases until you have some kind of a test plan in place. Not to say that it doesn't happen. I have worked in a couple of projects where we were asked to create and start executing test cases without any prior design/plan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's just the count of test cases you need, you can get the &quot;total&quot; count from the Test Specification page. Data in reports will only be generated if you execute your test cases on Testlink. You will only be able to execute test cases if you specify a test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T09:55:03.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8384" CreationDate="2014-04-24T11:17:16.180" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're going to get a lot of &quot;it depends&quot; answers for this. Whether it's better to stay with primarily third-party automation will change depending on the quality of your third party automation providers, the nature of your business applications, your internal infrastructure, the method your third party people use and a whole lot more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the factors to consider are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does your business build small, self-contained applications or maintain a large, complex application suite that gets new features added to it?&lt;/strong&gt; In the former case, third parties could be the better option, where a continually changing complex application requiring a lot of domain knowledge is a better candidate for internally developed and maintained automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the automation/coding skill base of your internal test team?&lt;/strong&gt; If you have a number of testers with good formal logic skills and a decent programming knowledge, you have enough to build good, maintainable internal automation. If your test team is primarily manual without much in the way of formal logic, it's going to be a lot more difficult to do this and you'll probably hit resistance from your test team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are your organization's budget priorities?&lt;/strong&gt; Typically a third party automation solution is going to automate existing manual test cases, something that can be done fairly quickly using the third party's pre-existing structures and frameworks. Building your own from scratch (because chances are there's a lot of proprietary code in the third party automation) is very expensive in terms of resources, time, and money. The third party automation could use a tool that is outside your budget, giving you no ability to reuse their material. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are your organization's long term plans?&lt;/strong&gt; Your test strategy - including what gets automated and how - needs to support the organization's long range goals. Using a third party to build and maintain automation may be more aligned to the long range goals than building your own.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the advantages of building your own automation are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the automation is built by people with domain knowledge.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if it's done right, adding new tests to existing automation is a lot easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your organization retains full control over the automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your team is more familiar with the automation, making it easier to ensure that any test failures are real problems with the software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the disadvantages are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it can take a long time to build up a stable, reliable automation suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;depending on the application technologies you need, automation tools can be extremely expensive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you need testers who can code to at least intermediate developer level. Ideally you want people who can fill the Software Developer in Test role, but those aren't all that easy to come by (the combination of good test skills and good coding skills isn't terribly  common).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you will need to convince management of the need and then keep them convinced. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;from the management perspective, it's easier to contract someone to build automation, particularly when that's the way things already work and the third party is experienced with building automation. It may also be cheaper.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it's extremely difficult to quantify potential cost savings from moving automation in-house, especially when the only thing management is likely to see is increased expense.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T11:17:16.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8354" CreationDate="2014-04-24T13:56:05.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main thing can be the initial cost. But why one should ignore automation, if there's the technology available for the same and can ease the work. I support automation, though we can't solely depend on any one tool, because that might not give accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T13:56:05.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8186" CreationDate="2014-04-24T14:02:04.520" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check my article share on this website where I've shared my views on what test cases to automate. Hope that might be somewhat useful to this question.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qainsights.com/focus-automation-tool-place/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://qainsights.com/focus-automation-tool-place/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T14:02:04.520" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8396" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-24T15:34:21.870" Score="1" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;We run performance tests in QA.  They follow a familiar pattern.  A multi-threaded client generates sends traffic to a server.  The traffic pattern is configurable: it might be a constant number of requests for the entire test, or it might increase by a constant amount per interval for the entire test.  We measure the actual number of requests per minute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test's output is a graph with two curves.  The x axis is time and the y axis is number of requests per minute.  The two curves are expected requests per minute (as configured in the tests) and actual requests per minute.  Of course, if the test attempts more traffic than the server can handle, the actual requests per minute will be lower than he expected amount.  By looking at the graph, you can get a sense for the QA server's capacity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to use a comparison of the two curves to score the server's capacity.  The score would be a single number that relates how well the expected curve matches the actual curve.  I am looking for a reasonable formula for that score.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are two formula's I've considered.  I don't know how to enter equations here so I've linked to the corresponding Wikipedia pages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;L2-norm, aka &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_distance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Euclidean distance&lt;/a&gt;.  For each minute, take the difference between the expected and actual values.  Square that difference, sum the squares, then take the square root.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_mean_square&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Root Mean Squared&lt;/a&gt;.  Similar to the L2-norm, except that you divide by the number of samples (in my case, the number of minutes) before taking the square root.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For both of these, the score is always non-negative, with zero being the optimum.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of those formulas are probably reasonable for tests of the same duration (e.g. two tests of 10 minutes each).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some other reasonable ways to quantify how well the actual responses/minute matches the expected responses/minute?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: for the purposes of this question, I am intentionally ignoring other interesting metrics (e.g. average response time) that would factor into a performance test.  &lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Once reason for this: I am testing a &lt;em&gt;backend&lt;/em&gt; server (rather than a web server) where there is only an indirect relationship between response time and user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-04-24T17:17:30.437" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T17:17:30.437" Title="Scoring a performance test" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8396" CreationDate="2014-04-24T17:06:53.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apdex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;APDEX&lt;/a&gt; in order to score our performance tests and take and index. Simply, it counts how many requests are being served under some thresholds. It is quite nice since you can produce an index between 0 and 1 (0: all requests were bad / 1: all requests were good) that everybody, including end users, can understand. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7566" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-04-24T17:09:03.767" LastActivityDate="2014-04-24T17:09:03.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8399" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8405" CreationDate="2014-04-24T19:35:12.670" Score="0" ViewCount="472" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Selenium Webdriver on my own, with a little bit of Java Programming background in my experience since the past three weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this time, I have learnt the following functionalities of Selenium by reading blogs/Practicing the codes which were found across google.&#xA;01. Element Locators&#xA;02. Mouse and Keyboard Events&#xA;03. Actions which can be performed on buttons, Dropdowns and ListViews.&#xA;04. Implicit and Explicit waits.&#xA;05. Uploading/Downloading files [With the AutoIT tool]&#xA;06. Data Driven testing. ie., Reading data from excel files and tables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just want a little more light to be shed as to are there any other functionalities of Selenium Webdriver which has to be learnt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And one more thing am unsure about is-&#xA;Can we use selenium to do stuff like database testing? Can we use it to retrieve data in database?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because I have come across few posts which tells its not possible and there are some other posts which states it as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please shed a little knowledge on these things and help me out!!&#xA;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7550" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T09:00:39.813" Title="Functionalities of Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8400" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8462" CreationDate="2014-04-24T20:32:11.043" Score="0" ViewCount="1162" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hey guys !&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This is on what I'm working on :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Dim url As String = &quot;http://brayket.byethost9.com/index.php?/shoutbox/&quot;&#xA;    Dim web As New HtmlWeb()&#xA;    Dim doc As HtmlDocument = web.Load(url)&#xA;    Dim names As HtmlNodeCollection = doc.DocumentNode.SelectNodes(&quot;//span[@class='shoutbox_text']&quot;)&#xA;    Console.WriteLine(names)&#xA;    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100000000)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to write on the console everything that's between &quot;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;shoutbox_text&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; and &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Hope I'll find some help here :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7588" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T14:30:21.337" Title="Find text using Xpath with class (vb.net)" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8399" CreationDate="2014-04-25T00:33:09.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you cannot use Selenium Webdriver to retrieve data from a database -- unless you were to access the data through a web browser.  Selenium is a library for remote-controlling a web browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T00:33:09.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2014-04-25T02:42:37.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A simple but somewhat flimsy solution (depending on whether you're expecting a consistent screen size in your target environment); is to use the &lt;code&gt;java.awt.Robot&lt;/code&gt; class as below.. You could also try the ChromeDriver for selenium; as I've noticed chrome doesn't have an OS dialogue for download confirmation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;//add wait time to for file download dialogue to appear&#xA;Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(5,java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS));&#xA;Robot r = new Robot();&#xA;r.mouseMove(888, 458);//coordinates of save button&#xA;//focus dialogue window&#xA;r.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);&#xA;r.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);&#xA;Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(1,java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS));&#xA;//click save button&#xA;r.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);&#xA;r.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);&#xA;//wait for file to download&#xA;Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(5,java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7590" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-24T20:18:53.747" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T20:18:53.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8186" CreationDate="2014-04-25T06:59:59.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask for what the other areas affected by the change/fix/feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the history of testing those areas to see where is the biggest probability to have serious issues and most issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with the most critical area that can be affected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now on testing the actual change/feature/fix make a list with the most common - to - least common flows the user will use the feature. Start testing those from BOTTOM to TOP. Usually what we consider least common will be what the crazy users :) will actually do and break it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than this, just build your own criteria based on the product, needs, history and team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2060" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T06:59:59.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8404" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8406" CreationDate="2014-04-25T07:07:29.007" Score="-3" ViewCount="1563" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am recording my web application using JMeter, then i will edit my number of &lt;strong&gt;users (thread) = 2&lt;/strong&gt;, so then while running my test plan the user name must be given separate for two users and run the test plan simultaneously &lt;strong&gt;as one must return with correct login and other must return wrong username&lt;/strong&gt;. So how to do it with JMeter? Please show me the way with some &lt;strong&gt;screenshots&lt;/strong&gt; if necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-04-26T14:00:08.393" Title="How to run the test plan with different username in jmeter?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8399" CreationDate="2014-04-25T07:18:50.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium can be used to almost everything that you can do manually on a web application including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigating through a web site/app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checking the site/app flow by performing actions such as clicking buttons, interacting with pop-ups, sending/receiving/storing data, uploading/downloading files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparing images/graphs(Never done it myself. It's probably got more to with Java than Selenium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser compatibility testing(FF is default. You have to download and pass the drivers for other browsers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parallel testing either by launching multiple classes simultaneously(more than one way to do this) or by using Selenium Grid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Making your automated scripts a part of the Continuous Integration process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastEditorUserId="7560" LastEditDate="2014-04-25T07:25:03.740" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T07:25:03.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8404" CreationDate="2014-04-25T09:17:35.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follow these steps carefully:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;List item&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;test plan-&gt;Add-&gt;Thread(user)-&gt;Thread group     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;thread group-&gt;Add-&gt;config element-&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;thread group-&gt;logic controller-&gt;recording controller&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Workspace-&gt;Add-&gt;non-test element-&gt;http test script recorder&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;start your plan &amp;amp; record it.after successful creating of test plan do&#xA;   the following steps: add the csv data set config in your test plan&#xA;   Thread group-&gt;add-&gt;config element-&gt;csv data set config&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in csv data set config file give the parameter values like : in&#xA;   filename:-give your csv file path &amp;amp; in variable name pass the&#xA;   variable as:username,password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in your test plan check the login file in that file change the static&#xA;   values username as &quot;${username}&quot; &amp;amp; password &quot;${password}&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pass the different values in csv file &amp;amp; before start the test plan&#xA;   change the number of thread you want run&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T09:17:35.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8411" CreationDate="2014-04-25T09:44:37.370" Score="2" ViewCount="414" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are in the process of changing our barcode format to &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_128&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Code 128&lt;/a&gt; and use all kinds of &quot;special&quot; ASCII characters in the barcodes to maximize the data we can encode in it. A barcode scanner works like a keyboard device and sends the string as key-presses to the application. The application itself can see the difference between normal key-presses and those of the barcode scanner and handles it accordingly and uses the data to fire an action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During exploratory (manual) testing I found two combinations that would scan incorrectly, they have been fixed. But now I am afraid that more combinations might give trouble in the future. &#xA;My developers tell we have around 9.333 × 10^157 possible combinations. This is impossible to test manually. Testing a barcode means you need to print, scan it and verify the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we release this new format and a client finds a combination that doesn't work, it could lead to a fix that renders all (or a lot of) previous bar-codes invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: &lt;strong&gt;How should I handle a possible unlimited combinations like this, how far should I go in testing to feel comfortable enough to release a new feature like our new barcode format?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Update:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The found issue was a Operating System keyboard setting issue ' + e leads to é instead of 'e&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;In the end we have automated with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; and tested all up-to four character combinations after each other. And the Min/Max value boundaries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Learnings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The barcode-scanner needs to be setup in the same keyboard language as the operating system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Do not use characters that have special behaviour with &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/306560&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the windows international keyboard layouts&lt;/a&gt; '`^&quot; and ~&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-11T17:17:40.357" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T17:17:40.357" Title="Verifying an unlimited number of combinations" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;pairwise-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8408" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-25T10:15:05.200" Score="0" ViewCount="16827" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please forgive me as I am still very new to the world of test automation. I have started out by using Selenium WebDriver with JUnit4, predominately on windows OS, although I have modified my scripts and ran them on Mac.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to be able to create a set of classes containing set data such as usernames, passwords, default url . Perhaps even calling them from an excel file, but for now Im happy to store the data in classes and then pass that data into other test classes. Im guessing this would be a framework of some sort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I am writing classes that all begin with something like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ExampleSQATest{&#xA;&#xA;    public static Chromedriver chrome;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public static void launchBrowser(){&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;chromedriver/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    chrome = new ChromeDrievr();&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void aLogin(){&#xA;&#xA;    chrome.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;    chrome.navigate().to(&quot;http://mydummywebsite.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(chrome, 10).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector&#xA;                    (&quot;input#UserName&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement username = chrome.findElementByCssSelector(&quot;input#UserName&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    username.sendKeys(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement password = chrome.findElementByCssSelector(&quot;input#Password&quot;);&#xA;    password.sendKeys(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement submit = chrome.findElementByCssSelector(&quot;input[type='submit']&quot;);&#xA;    submit.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will then proceed to write further test methods which requires entering data, but I'd like to be able to call this data from somewhere else that is already predefined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone provide any suitable suggestions to investigate so I can learn. Something that is a guide or tutorial. Nothing too advanced, just something that helps me get started by advising me how to set a class of methods to be called by other classes and how it all links together as a framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T14:10:36.227" Title="Calling data from one class to another class - framework for JUnit" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8408" CreationDate="2014-04-25T11:41:06.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Django_Tester: If you want to use your set of data such as usernames, passwords, default url, etc in one class and calling these data into another class, then store your data in a string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String un = &quot;s&quot;;&#xA;String pwd = &quot;s&quot;;&#xA;String baseurl = &quot;your test url&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And below is the sample code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.junit.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;public class Parameters {&#xA;    public static WebDriver d;&#xA;    String un = &quot;s&quot;;&#xA;    String pwd = &quot;s&quot;;&#xA;    String baseurl = &quot;your test url&quot;;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void m1() {&#xA;         d = new FirefoxDriver();  &#xA;            d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        d.get(baseurl);&#xA;        d.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(un);&#xA;        d.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;)).clear();&#xA;        d.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;)).sendKeys(pwd);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And using above set of data in another class (Below code):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Para extends Parameters{&#xA;    public static WebDriver d;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public  void m2() {&#xA;         d = new FirefoxDriver();  &#xA;            d.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        d.get(baseurl);&#xA;        d.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(un);&#xA;        d.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;)).sendKeys(pwd);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May this helps for you:)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-04-25T11:51:55.410" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T11:51:55.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-25T15:51:16.727" Score="0" ViewCount="877" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to sent more than one value to Kendo Multiselect element.&#xA;whenever i use the Following function&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(String.Format(&quot;$('#   {0}').data('kendoMultiSelect').value({1});&quot;, &quot;TagName&quot;, &quot;Value&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to send only one value  if I try to send another value first one is deleted &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7562" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T20:38:21.270" Title="send multiple element to kendo multiselect from selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8407" CreationDate="2014-04-25T16:24:48.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If at all possible, this would be an ideal test to automate. If you decide to do that, below is an article by James Bach and Patrick Schroeder that is illuminating. The core idea of the article is that selection of a good pairing algorithm is not straightforward and a simple randomization approach is a good technique for getting effective coverage, whether doing manual or automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck! I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/wtst5/PairwisePNSQC2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingeducation.org/wtst5/PairwisePNSQC2004.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-04-25T16:24:48.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8404" CreationDate="2014-04-26T14:00:08.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correct username can be left as is, for the incorrect one you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-using-functions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;__RandomString()&lt;/a&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-04-26T14:00:08.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8371" CreationDate="2014-04-26T17:47:36.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a solution using &lt;strong&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can either use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(String.Format(&quot;$('#{0}')&#xA;.data('kendoMultiSelect')&#xA;.value({1});&quot;, &quot;ProfileEditSharedModel_SelectedIndustrySectorIds&quot;, 3,));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(String.Format(&quot;$('#ProfileEditSharedModel_SelectedIndustrySectorIds')&#xA;.data('kendoMultiSelect')&#xA;.value([values]);&quot;, &quot;ProfileEditSharedModel_SelectedIndustrySectorIds&quot;, 3,));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was using a kendoMultiSelect there&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7562" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T12:21:32.263" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T12:21:32.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8416" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-27T06:12:28.190" Score="6" ViewCount="56062" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how to switch to single popup window, but I do not know how to switch particular popup window when you have more popup windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario is:&lt;/strong&gt; Go to the each and every popup &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the title &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform any action (Click on link) on popup &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Close the particular popup.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test URL:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://site2.way2sms.com/content/prehome.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://site2.way2sms.com/content/prehome.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below is the sample code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;    import org.junit.*;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class PopupRnD {&#xA;        @Test&#xA;      public void test5() throws Exception {&#xA;          WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;          driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;          driver.get(&quot;http://site2.way2sms.com/content/prehome.jsp&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            String mainwindow=driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Contact us&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            for(String winHandle :driver.getWindowHandles()){&#xA;                driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);&#xA;                if(driver.getTitle().equals(&quot;Real Estate | Property in India | Buy/Sale/Rent Properties | MagicBricks&quot;)){&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;You are in required window&quot;);&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                    } else{&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Title of the page after - switchingTo: &quot; + driver.getTitle());&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            driver.switchTo().window(mainwindow);&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;      }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T07:05:23.280" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T07:05:23.280" Title="How to switch-handle-close particular popup window, When multiple popups are opened?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8417" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-27T17:38:38.997" Score="0" ViewCount="16550" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which Certification Is demanding for Senior SQA Engineers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISTQB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSTE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CTM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am planning for QA certification but don't know which one is best.Please suggest me..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5040" LastEditorUserId="5040" LastEditDate="2014-04-27T17:46:10.813" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T13:25:50.963" Title="Which Certifications is more demanding for QA, and Software Testing professionals?" Tags="&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-04-28T20:05:46.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1039" CreationDate="2014-04-28T07:32:59.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if it is JS modal:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always switch to selected dialog, work on it, send it. then switch back to previous window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T07:32:59.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8422" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12782" CreationDate="2014-04-28T07:49:30.343" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am searching for tool or rules set for searching of unresponsive (or slow) scripts(I guess JS in most cases). Of course it could be browser dependend, coz some unresponsive script in firefox work ok in chrome. Still some materials should exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T15:38:21.677" Title="Unresponsive scripts search" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8399" CreationDate="2014-04-28T09:00:39.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium Webdriver by itself is just a tool that uses the browser as you tell it to (clicks, setTexts,waits for objects, etc...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Java (C#, Ruby, etc...) you can do all of that that you asked, it has nothing to do with webdriver itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google something as &quot;Access database using Java&quot; or &quot;Compare Files/images using Java&quot; and you can find all the info you want with detailed tutorials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T09:00:39.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8417" CreationDate="2014-04-28T11:51:04.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Greatly depends on the location you are in the world. I have the feeling &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB&lt;/a&gt; is the certification that is most respected worldwide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in the Netherlands &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_Management_Approach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TMap Next&lt;/a&gt; are the two popular certifications.&#xA;I can only guess that in other parts of the world this could be totally different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way to determine what qualification is in demand for seniors is too count the number of times a certification shows up in recent job descriptions and maybe count the certifications Senior SQA engineers have on their LinkedIn profiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I think work experience is far more important for a senior than any certification, certifications are just to prove you have a certain basic level and can communicate with others in the industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T11:51:04.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5929" CreationDate="2014-04-28T11:57:40.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/fitnium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Fitnium&quot;&gt;Fitnium&lt;/a&gt; when I was doing work with Fitnesse and WebDriver early on, I found it did not scale well for the types of tests I was doing but it may work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was testing a Login and Registration system, the pages used a lot of JSON and I had issues getting the timing right so the pages would load with the right drop downs or complete the personal profiles.  The Registration system also was reused for a Profile/MySite system and I was hoping to reuse code here; though that did not work well.  This was on a SharePoint site and was a few years ago.  I found that just using WebDriver and C# code was more stable, especially when using the Page Object model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2014-05-30T03:26:38.420" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T03:26:38.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8417" CreationDate="2014-04-28T13:25:50.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To determine if any certification is an aid to gaining employment, here's a method I used in the past, that you could use too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/software-qa-certifications-aid-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/software-qa-certifications-aid-to.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to a jobs website (like Monster.com)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search for &quot;Software QA&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Note the number of jobs returned&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a search term for the certification of interest like &quot;Software QA CSTE&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare the results you get to the prior results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat for the other certifications of interest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare all the results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My conclusion at the time - at least in my part of the world, certifications matter very little, if at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T13:25:50.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8428" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-28T14:42:11.207" Score="2" ViewCount="888" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a change of tooling, we now have a combination of Telerik test studio tests and selenium tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to covert Telerik test studio into Selenium WebDriver tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="379" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-20T16:52:18.647" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T16:51:57.967" Title="Is it possible to convert Telerik test studio tests to selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8852" CreationDate="2014-04-28T15:44:32.313" Score="0" ViewCount="1289" Body="&lt;p&gt;System test is done on a fully integrated system and is done at developers site by the testers team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acceptance test is of two types : alpha and beta&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;alpha is done at developers site and by the persons within the software developing organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while beta is performed by end users and at users site, not at the developers site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is if both system and alpha testing is performed at developers site and is performed by persons within the organization then what is difference between the two???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T13:13:34.200" Title="system testing and alpha testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8430" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-28T16:04:21.423" Score="5" ViewCount="7081" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing this as a developer hoping to get feedback from the QA community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've got a client facing web application, for a very small development team.  Assume we have a product manager and developer, with the Product Manager handling most client interaction, and the developer fixing most issues.  There is no dedicated QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently we had a couple client reported bugs (via email), that included a screenshot representing the problem in the web app.  It was clear that an error alert occurred, on what page, etc.  But it was not clear the exact steps how it occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a developer, I've been unable to reproduce the bug, after several attempts, each trying as many possible variations of the section in question, and having them all work as expected.  It works in every case I've tried. The difficulty is that all the bug report includes is the screenshot, and the Product Manager is requesting it fixed obviously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, how should I as a developer handle the situation where a bug is &quot;not reproducible&quot; after a detailed investigation, specifically when the Product Manager expects it fixed?  Obviously it should be fixed, but who's responsibility should it be to find the reproducible steps when it isn't specified and can't be determined?   I've asked the PM to help find the steps, and he responded that he wouldn't be able to do any more than I to find it, so would be not helpful to try.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At what point is it considered acceptable to stop the bug fix investigation when the Client Request obviously needs to be handled somehow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7615" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T08:08:46.577" Title="How to handle new &quot;not reproducible&quot; bug, that is known to exist but not known how" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8430" CreationDate="2014-04-28T18:14:06.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This situation does happen occasionally with our application.  What we do is to capture as much information as we currently know about the issue and to continue to collect information until we have a reproducible set of steps.  It helps if the issue is duplicated at more than one site since we tend to get a little more insight that way. The issue remains an open issue until we have enough information to identify a solution.  Also, be sure to document the details of the attempts that you have made to duplicate the problem. Considerations:  permissions differences between the customer's environment and yours, data corruption, timing differences, use error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T18:14:06.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8432" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-28T19:59:33.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JBehave is a framework for Behaviour-Driven Development. More information is available at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jbehave.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T19:59:33.240" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T19:59:33.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8433" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-28T19:59:33.240" Score="0" Body="JBehave is a Java-based framework for Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD)." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T19:59:33.240" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T19:59:33.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8434" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:13:43.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eclipse is a very popular free and open source IDE, with plugins available to support a large range of programming languages.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information is available at the Eclipse site: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclipse.org/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.eclipse.org/ide/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:13:43.260" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:13:43.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8435" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:13:43.260" Score="0" Body="Eclipse is a very popular free and open source IDE, with plugins to support a large number of programming languages." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:13:43.260" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:13:43.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8436" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:23:58.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Calabash is an acceptance testing framework, which allows you to create BDD scenarios and run them against both iOS and Android applications. Originally created by LessPainful, who were subsequently acquired by Xamarin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a detailed introduction to Calabash:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.xamarin.com/guides/testcloud/calabash/intro_to_calabash/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.xamarin.com/guides/testcloud/calabash/intro_to_calabash/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Calabash is open source, and is available here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/calabash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/calabash&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also appears to be an official site: &lt;a href=&quot;http://calaba.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://calaba.sh/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:23:58.297" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:23:58.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8437" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:23:58.297" Score="0" Body="Calabash is a mobile UI testing framework aimed at testing iOS and Android applications. " OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:23:58.297" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:23:58.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8438" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:29:46.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;LoadUI is a web service load testing tool. It comes in a free, and commercial version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information available here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.loadui.org/About-loadUI/what-is-loadui.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.loadui.org/About-loadUI/what-is-loadui.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:29:46.697" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:29:46.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8439" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:29:46.697" Score="0" Body="LoadUI is a web service load testing tool." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:29:46.697" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:29:46.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8440" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:37:25.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cucumber is aimed at assisting collaboration for teams using BDD (Behaviour-Driven Development) by allowing developers, testers, and business representatives to describe the desired behaviour of the software in a business-readable domain specific language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information is available at the official site: &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;The Cucumber Book&quot; is also an excellent reference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="30053" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T12:27:43.790" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T12:27:43.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8441" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:37:25.513" Score="0" Body="Cucumber is a tool for running automated acceptance tests written in a BDD (behaviour-driven development) style." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:37:25.513" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:37:25.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8442" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:39:29.670" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:39:29.670" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:39:29.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8443" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:39:29.670" Score="0" Body="This tag refers to programming languages, rather than human languages." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:39:29.670" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:39:29.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8444" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:44:08.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oracle Application Testing Suite is comprised of several different products covering functional automation, performance and load testing as well as test management and defect tracking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information is available here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/oem/app-test/etest-101273.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/oem/app-test/etest-101273.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:44:08.777" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:44:08.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8445" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:44:08.777" Score="0" Body="Oracle Application Testing Suite is comprised of several different products covering functional automation, performance and load testing as well as test management and defect tracking." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T20:44:08.777" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:44:08.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8429" CreationDate="2014-04-28T20:59:33.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your understanding of these testing types is a little skewed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A system test is done &lt;em&gt;within the system itself&lt;/em&gt;; and NOT at a developers sandbox.  Tests at a developer machine are typically unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For acceptance testing, that is usually when you put your product in front of a focus group to get their feedback and see if it meets requirements.  The terms 'alpha' and 'beta' are used to denote the place your project is in within the &lt;a href=&quot;http://condor.depaul.edu/jpetlick/extra/394/Session2.ppt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SDLC&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between the two is that system testing can be done &lt;em&gt;regardless of your product being in an alpha or beta state.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7618" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T20:59:33.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8447" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-04-28T21:00:45.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As HTTP is a stateless protocol, browser sessions are necessary for a web server to be able to recognise that multiple requests from a browser are associated. It enables the server to store information related to a particular user's session - for example, without a session, you might need to send your authentication details with every single request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article gives a great explanation of the concepts involved, plus also gives some rather handy debugging tips for session-related bugs!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://machinesaredigging.com/2013/10/29/how-does-a-web-session-work/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://machinesaredigging.com/2013/10/29/how-does-a-web-session-work/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link above is from this Stack Overflow question, which is also worth reading: &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3804209/what-are-sessions-how-do-they-work&quot;&gt;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3804209/what-are-sessions-how-do-they-work&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T21:00:45.293" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T21:00:45.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8448" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-04-28T21:00:45.293" Score="0" Body="A browser-session is a mechanism to allow a web server to associate a series of requests from the same browser." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-04-28T21:00:45.293" LastActivityDate="2014-04-28T21:00:45.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8430" CreationDate="2014-04-29T00:54:22.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company around 150 Full time employees with 15 developers on staff, and a support team who receives all the inbound calls, if the bug is not easily reproducible, it is researched by a tier 3 support team. If they are unable to reproduce the issue, they will normally check with other system experts such as the QA team. If we are still unable to reproduce we close out the ticket is un-reproducable. If it is a high or critical priority issue our support team will try and put logging in place around the issue. Very rarely do they get a developer involved, of course it sounds like our company has a lot more resources to handle these types of scenarios, but as a developer it is kind of hard for your to fix an issue that you can't reproduce.  If it were me, I would push to try and get on a call with the customer get additional details, in an attempt to make the system better. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6053" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T00:54:22.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8384" CreationDate="2014-04-29T03:07:13.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both Badlands and KatePaulk gave great answers. I would simply add that for a complex application/architecture like your company's, in-house testing automation has a lot of benefits that you simply cannot get from off-the-shelf testing scripts. In my experience, it is when I sit down and think, &quot;How will I test (or automate) this feature (or test)?&quot;, that I discover architectural problems and even outright bugs. In other words, sometimes it's not merely the testing that matters, but the analysis of &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; to test something accurately, repeatably, and efficiently. When you outsource that, you aren't forced to do the same analysis, i.e., &quot;Why does this test take forever and use tons of resources?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from that, a one-size-fits-all testing script/suite can only go so deep. It can't hit that legacy code that is horribly full of anti-patterns, un-SOLID, non-DRY kludge, but that your organization &quot;hasn't gotten around to fixing&quot; because it's 20,000 lines of nightmare-waiting-to-happen. On the other hand, once you and your team understand it well enough to test it thoroughly and automate your tests, you understand it well enough to refactor it quickly (and accurately, thanks to automatic testing as you incrementally improve the code).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, developing an in-house testing and automation skill base will pay huge dividends and allow you to improve your application and architecture much more quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6272" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T03:07:13.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8451" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8482" CreationDate="2014-04-29T05:58:20.270" Score="28" ViewCount="84761" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to reduce the speed for execution of script so that I can view the execution properly on browser. I want do this in webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="2031" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T01:35:10.033" LastActivityDate="2021-01-06T14:39:32.413" Title="How can I reduce the execution speed in webdriver so that I can view properly what is happening on browser?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8452" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-29T07:24:59.143" Score="0" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen this question in forum before, still I am putting this, sorry for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have work experience of 5yrs in manual testing mobile applications. Basically I'm searching a new job with a good company with defined processes and with good work culture. While searching the job I'm facing some difficulties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is ,&#xA;shall I continue with manual testing or switch to a new environment so that I never face such difficulties in near future?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please guide me, you valuable inputs will help me a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7620" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-04-29T12:45:44.680" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T13:08:23.273" Title="Advice required qa &amp; testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8452" CreationDate="2014-04-29T07:48:56.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Switching jobs often does not solve the problems you are running into, every company has issues on a certain level. Problems like a bad boss, undefined work processes and or a bad work culture exist everywhere and you will always get one or the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You get the work environment you deserve. The only one who can change it is you! Either accept the current situation or try to speak up and improve the environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your current job it will probably be easier to standup and make the changes, in a new job you will need to earn credits again from the start. Also keep in mind that cultural changes can take multiple years before you see an actual effect, most people do not like change. Just keep repeating and don't give up, even when you think you are stuck for months. Try to see if you can implement a &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchmanufacturingerp.techtarget.com/definition/kaizen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;continuous improvement process&lt;/a&gt; to make improvements in baby steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality starts with the process, the process should facilitate quality end-to-end. Manual testing is just a small part of safe guarding quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2014-05-01T01:34:27.017" LastActivityDate="2014-05-01T01:34:27.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8430" CreationDate="2014-04-29T11:46:19.123" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, it is absolutely professional to ask for more information when you've made a number of attempts to reproduce the problem and haven't been able to do so. You've effectively eliminated the most obvious potential problems with your attempts to reproduce, so the cause is something less obvious: it could be the customer using a different configuration, it could be browser-specific, it could be related to the interaction of browser and operating system, a compatibility issue with something the customer is running on their machine... there are many potential causes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For something like this, I'd ask your Product Manager to contact the customer with a request for more information, and at the same time (if possible) offer to add more logging to the application so that the next time the problem occurs, the system logs will give you more detail on what happened. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T11:46:19.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8457" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8463" CreationDate="2014-04-29T11:56:56.200" Score="5" ViewCount="4960" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Jira for product backlog and bug tracking, but not willing to pay for Zephyr, it's not really a big need for it. Is there any way to manage the test cases using simply JIRA? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a way to create test suites so i can easily handle them: i've tried linking them to the user stories or group them in sprints, but doesn't help much with the visibility, and it makes a mess with too many links on the user story. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to &quot;invent&quot; a way to manage test results, to clearly see which tests have been run how many time, which ones are failed/passed etc. I've tried to use subtasks for each time i need to runt a test, but somehow it complicates more the whole thing and doesn't add visibility. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone has any other working solutions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6871" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-24T10:17:02.287" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T06:16:28.250" Title="Use JIRA for Test Cases, without Zephyr" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2014-04-29T11:59:49.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could put a sleep after every instruction - or around the instructions you are interested in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T11:59:49.350" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2014-04-29T12:06:38.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is several different ways to do this. I personally have a UI that controls my automation script that allows me to go step by step (in record mode or playback), full automation or however I like. Just build a UI to control the flow and then have different functions that can be controlled by the UI as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a step by step UI would do a function called nextStep()&#xA;nextStep would find the next desired step and perform that action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fully automated one would check a boolean for true while automating and as long as it's true, it keeps going. Set up a pause/stop button that changes that boolean and that is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to create functionality like this, in a simplistic way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a UI that lists out your test steps, how you do this is up to you. I made mine editable and drag and drop within a table (JTree for Suites, JList for Cases, JTable for Steps).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add Stop and Play ToggleButtons on the UI in a button group&#xA;Add an actionEventListener to the play button that grabs the selected step(s) and runs them. Between each step have it check that the play button is still selected. When it is no longer selected, the execution will stop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For things like groovy script just add in a groovy console and create a trigger (IE. Keyword being Groovy=script) and then have the console parse that whenever it sees it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also added in keywords like screenshot, pause, wait and such. This gives the ability for the system to stop automatically until user intervention occurs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T16:14:10.820" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T16:14:10.820" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8416" CreationDate="2014-04-29T12:51:58.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So here's my code. Not much different from your sample code. I have used a Java Set to store the window handles of pop ups(since &lt;code&gt;driver.getWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt; returns a set)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test url: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.popuptest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.popuptest.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void PopupUsingSet() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.popuptest.com/&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='popuptest12.html']&quot;)).click();&#xA;String CWH=driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Current Window Handle: &quot;+driver.getWindowHandle());&#xA;&#xA;    //Adding the windowhandles to a set&#xA;s.addAll(driver.getWindowHandles());&#xA;&#xA;    //removing CWH from the set as we want to take actions only on the poopups&#xA;    s.remove(CWH);&#xA;&#xA;    //iterating over the popups. Going to each popup, getting the title and the src &#xA;   //of the image displayed and closing them        &#xA;    Iterator ii= s.iterator();&#xA;while(ii.hasNext()){&#xA;    //elements inside the set are of the type object, so we convert them to string &#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(ii.next().toString());&#xA;    System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//img&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;src&quot;));&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA;             }&#xA;    //bringing the control back to the main window&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(CWH);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. I have not used the Java List because it requires unnecessary effort in splitting the list element into usable window handles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at your example code and the one i wrote it's clear that using an advanced for loop is the more efficient method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastEditorUserId="7560" LastEditDate="2014-04-30T06:55:25.273" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T06:55:25.273" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8452" CreationDate="2014-04-29T12:58:47.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am technically a manual tester and I just changed companies and literally had a slew of companies trying to recruit me. QA work in general is exploding as companies see how much value it offers them as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a feeling your issue falls into 2 categories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A weak resume (Easily fixed)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lots of experience with little to show for it&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question you have to ask yourself is how do you remedy this. A weak resume essentially means you are being screened out by the software screeners. Include the keywords for the position you want (use google adwords to find the keywords that recruiters are searching for, include it in your resume). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also another good trick is to include your accomplishments. Saying &quot;I am experienced with Test Planning&quot; is one thing, saying &quot;For the previous 3 years I have been organizing, developing, supervising and executing testing operations&quot;, which is likely closer to what you are doing, is better. And then provide examples of that experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for accomplishments, you have to communicate what makes you a stellar employee and, probably more importantly, why you are 'just a manual tester'. I was asked this several times since I have extensive experience in nearly all aspects of the SDLC. The easiest answer, I am passionate about testing and love my job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps you out. Manual testing is still extremely important and needs more quality people in the field. A lot of people use manual testing as a stepping stone without realizing that the best manual testers can earn well over 100k while still enjoying their job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T13:08:23.273" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T13:08:23.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8400" CreationDate="2014-04-29T14:24:12.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Dim url As String = &quot;http://brayket.byethost9.com/index.php?/shoutbox/&quot;&#xA;    Dim web As New HtmlWeb()&#xA;    Dim doc As HtmlDocument = web.Load(url)&#xA;    Dim names As HtmlNodeCollection = doc.DocumentNode.SelectNodes(&quot;//span[@class='shoutbox_text']&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;'**Place the code below to read each values between selected nodes.**&#xA;&#xA;For Each useAnyWantedWordHere in names&#xA;console.writeline(userAnyWantedWord.InnerText &amp;amp; vbcrlf)&#xA;Next&#xA;Console.ReadLine()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to make it work with a textbox or richtextbox this is the code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;For Each AnyWantedWord in names&#xA;richtextbox1.AppendText(AnyWantedWord.InnerText &amp;amp; vbCrLF)&#xA;Next&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7588" LastEditorUserId="7588" LastEditDate="2014-04-29T14:30:21.337" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T14:30:21.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8457" CreationDate="2014-04-29T14:41:43.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have spent a couple of days to try and test &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/display/JIRAKB/Customise+JIRA+For+Test+Case+Management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Atlassian way of running tests in Jira from their confluence pages&lt;/a&gt;. After evaluation of others tools we decided to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a commercial tool&lt;/a&gt; that integrated with Jira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example setup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create new Testcase issue type (with custom fields and status Passed/Failed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create subtask of the issue (add version)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute Testcase in subtask&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filter on version and setup a report to see status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No plugins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No extra costs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Needs manual creation sub-tasks when running the test case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No bulk test run setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-04-29T16:59:04.627" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T16:59:04.627" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8464" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8468" CreationDate="2014-04-29T20:43:43.490" Score="5" ViewCount="15065" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to verify some functionality around present the user with the option to pick up where they left off when they return to the site after having abandoned their cart. How can I close the browser and start it again in the middle of the test case so I can verify that the modal appears? I'm using RemoteWebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T01:35:03.037" Title="How can I restart the browser in the middle of a test?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8464" CreationDate="2014-04-29T21:00:25.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way is to not do it; I spoke to my devs, and the same effect will happen if I navigate away and then back. But I'm still curious about how I would restart the browser if I had to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T21:00:25.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8452" CreationDate="2014-04-29T21:10:07.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As other said, you should improve your resume, showing what you learned during 5 years of testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did your skill and responsibility increased?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What exactly you accomplished, in measurable business terms?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or was it just 6 month experience repeated 12 times, with nothing learned?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can count yourself &lt;strong&gt;extremely lucky&lt;/strong&gt; if new employer will take chances on you and pay you to learn new skills. It is unlikely. Better, learn new technologies &lt;strong&gt;on your own time and dime&lt;/strong&gt;. Or try to sell your boss that if you learn technology X, you will be more productive. And then you better deliver :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you are considering switching from manual to automated testing, am I right? You have few questions to consider: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What of many technologies for automated testing is most appropriate in your current workplace? Selenium and Appium (google knows links) is popular option.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What programming languages do you know? If none, &lt;strong&gt;Python&lt;/strong&gt; is widely considered easiest for beginners (much easier than Java), and has Selenium bindings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But maybe in your special situation different solution is preferable. Your boss knows better. Or, you can do your own hobby projects in Selenium - it is free/open source.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not jump the ship before learning to swim. Learn new skills, &lt;strong&gt;then&lt;/strong&gt; start looking for a new job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T21:10:07.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8384" CreationDate="2014-04-29T23:59:30.113" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;All excellent answers. I will add one more thought.  Several years ago I was responsible for a team in China that did a lot of software internationalization testing on the products of IBM's Tivoli unit. These were huge and complicated products and since the team really had to exercise more-or-less every menu choice and verify that the displayed results were reasonable, these tests amounted to a pretty extensive system  test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At any rate, that team had a lot of very bright engineers on it and they did a number of experiments with automation. Their conclusion was that the best ROI was not from trying to automate the test itself (complex interactions, constantly changing features, all of the problems mentioned above) but rather to automate the setup of the test lab. That is, when they looked at where the effort went, setting up the test environment (blanking harddisks, reinstalling OSs, etc... for perhaps 100 machines) was a surprisingly large part of the effort and was quite tractable to automation. They went ahead and took did so, got a lot of drudge work automated, and just did the testing itself manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course that result was very specific to the type of product and type of testing they were doing. However, before you jump feet first into automation (especially purchasing external products and services) you might want to do some careful time and effort tracking first to see what is really eating up the time. You might be surprised.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7413" LastActivityDate="2014-04-29T23:59:30.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8464" CreationDate="2014-04-30T03:00:29.250" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the close command and then start a new instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T03:00:29.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8470" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-30T06:32:33.350" Score="15" ViewCount="11440" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to build/structure the tests in a way that will minimize the work needed to keep the tests up to date as the product changes and improves?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7630" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T08:50:44.087" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:33:53.823" Title="How can I structure Selenium tests in a way that minimizes the maintenance work?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1941" CreationDate="2014-04-30T06:37:34.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using TestNG and Java.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Assume this method is located in some BaseTest class which is inherited by test class, so try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;protected void tearDown() {&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;    driver = null;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6568" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T15:20:18.843" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T15:20:18.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2014-04-30T06:47:45.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some tools allow for defining before scenario, after scenario, before step, after step - hooks, which are called as a setup or teardown for a scenario or even for a separate step in it. If you do have such hooks, then add a delay into an &quot;after step&quot; hook and you'll be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5627" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T06:47:45.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8470" CreationDate="2014-04-30T07:30:51.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am sure you must already know this- It is generally considered a bad idea to automate features/functionalities/modules which are likely to change in the future. But I know that sometimes it is not under anyone's but the client's control what happens to the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have till now only worked on the data-driven framework and this is what I think you can do to minimize efforts in case the product changes-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modularize your code. Create a base class which contains methods dealing with the most common/most used actions eg. Button clicks, context clicks, assertions, waits etc. This will encourage re-usability of the code in the Test class.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get your test data from external files. You could also store the element identifiers in a file. This will help you change your test cases(to a limited extent) without having to re-compile your class/classes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conform to coding standards. If you have a large team and multiple QAs contributing to the automation process it is very important that everyone write their code in a proper format. This will enable every member of the team to be able to read, understand and change(if required) any part of the code, saving time and efforts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use proper Framework. Using a framework like TestNG allows you to take/define a lot of actions apart from your test steps eg. which cases/classes to run/not run, which cases to execute first, which cases to be made dependent on other cases/skipped if one or more cases fail, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are all I can think of right now. Hope it helps, but in my experience if what you are automating changes frequently, you end up spending a lot of unnecessary effort in trying to cope with the changes. Too many changes often lead to new issues being introduced in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:33:53.823" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:33:53.823" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8470" CreationDate="2014-04-30T08:02:32.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Handle test just as your other code, use coding guidelines, development patterns, best practises and document methods, etc... keep it as maintainable as possible from a code perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To keep the tests up-to-date I would add the following steps to your process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have the developers run the tests before they check-in/commit their code (make them responsible for not breaking automated tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the tests with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a continuous integration server&lt;/a&gt; on each check-in/commit (so you know who/what broke the tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a test fails identify if its a defect or if the test needs updating&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure someone is working on fixing the test before you continue any other development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key is to give the developer the fastest feedback as possible and prevent building on quicksand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-04-30T15:22:16.913" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T15:22:16.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8407" CreationDate="2014-04-30T15:28:37.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, this is NOT a combinatorial testing problem. Combinatorial tests are based on 2 or more input parameters that accept multiple argument values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, you have a single argument which is the barcode. Your problem is a permutation problem. Essentially, you are attempting to explore various permutations of the Code 128 barcode format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this situation, I would create a simple random barcode generator and loop through as many permutations as feasible or that provide confidence to your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The random generator would be reasonably simple to make given there are 3 possible start characters, 2 stop characters, 103 characters in the encoded data, and a checksum. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T15:28:37.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8429" CreationDate="2014-04-30T15:44:09.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with user3557882. You are mixing metaphors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;System testing&quot; was described by Boris Beizer in a model outlining of theoretical levels of testing (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingmentor.com/imtesty/?p=610&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Levels of Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By contrast we have always used Alpha and Beta releases as part of a process to get bits into the hands of early adopters in order to get feedback from customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="213" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T15:44:09.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-04-30T16:01:33.437" Score="0" ViewCount="217" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='colDiv_Apr282014']/div[5]/div[1]&#xA;.//*[@id='colDiv_Apr282014']/div[9]/div[1]&#xA;.//*[@id='colDiv_Apr282014']/div[11]/div[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the xpath above, you can see the value inside the first div-is getting changed everytime. ts not constant. I want to use a comman xpath format for the above case so that I can execute the test cases 20 times. How can this be done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the screenshot of how the page looks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U2VFU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="5259" LastEditDate="2014-05-05T08:16:46.143" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T22:27:06.433" Title="how to use xpath for the following case" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8479" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8481" CreationDate="2014-04-30T17:41:34.437" Score="5" ViewCount="3042" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a degree in an unrelated science from a great school. I didn't have enough interest to go on for my PHD, and I really enjoyed the CS electives I took, so I went into QA. I've been doing this for over a year, and my job is pretty much just writing up test cases and test plans for a team of QA. Sometimes i'll assist in the actual QA work, but the majority of my time is spent writing up the cases and handling issues that come up with things taking too long and defects being found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has become very time consuming and not very rewarding. The pay is low and i'm not learning much more at this point. I'd really like to get into automation, but i'm not sure how. I've spoken with the head of the automation team at my company, and they are currently not hiring anyone, so i'll need to look outside of my current company.&#xA;I'm familiar with the basics of Python and HTML(finished code academy for both), and have gone through the tutorials on Selenium's site. The next thing I want to learn the basics of is SQL. I've been writing test plans for the last year, so i'm familiar with blackbox testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm having a very hard time finding job postings (what title should I even be searching for?), and the ones I can find don't have very good requirements. What do I need to know before I can apply for an entry level position? I'm not positive if i'm even focusing on the right stuff, or if my focus should be somewhere else. If anyone here has experience with this stuff, I would really love to hear some advice and suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7639" LastActivityDate="2014-05-01T00:42:06.743" Title="What kind of experience do I need to become an automation QA engineer/ SDET?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8470" CreationDate="2014-04-30T18:58:38.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically, you want to isolate the contents of the tests from the actual page interaction so that you can update the page interaction code once and have all tests working, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's what the PageObject design pattern was invented for. If you have an object that knows how to interact with your site, and all your tests interact with that objects instead of touching the page directly, once the site changes, you can simply update the PageObject and all your tests will be up to date. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T18:58:38.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8479" CreationDate="2014-04-30T19:01:49.113" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am an SDET by trade.  7 years ago, I was in the very same position that you are now.  I have always loved manual testing but I started becoming disillusioned with how little your job as a tester changes from project to project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I did was start learning the ins and outs of automation in my free time.  I started identifying things in my day-to-day work that would be good candidates for an automated test and started doing low-level tests against those pages.  I used C# and &lt;a href=&quot;http://watin.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to your question about where you should be looking and what you should be looking for, I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://careers.stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;StackOverflow Careers&lt;/a&gt; and Craigslist to a great deal of success.  The terms you should be searching for are &quot;SDET&quot;, &quot;Automation Engineer&quot; and/or &quot;Software Development Engineer in Test&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best of luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7618" LastEditorUserId="7618" LastEditDate="2014-04-30T19:14:28.717" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T19:14:28.717" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2014-04-30T19:16:29.300" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try setting implicit wait time. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.Timeouts.html&quot;&gt;Documentation&lt;/a&gt;)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// 5 seconds implicit wait (C# code)&#xA;IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7641" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T19:16:29.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8483" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8488" CreationDate="2014-04-30T21:06:07.340" Score="7" ViewCount="5299" Body="&lt;p&gt;We had an issue today where several thousand customers received a notification in error due to a subset of data from our production system being used in a test system. There's been some disagreement between our team as to the best way to handle this. Management wants to scrub the production data, while some team members want to leave the (non-sensitive) data as-is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a general best practice for this? We already scrub sensitive information when using data in our test environments, but what about scrubbing less sensitive information such as email address or phone number?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7643" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T18:57:07.500" Title="Scrubbing Production Data For Test?" Tags="&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8483" CreationDate="2014-04-30T21:47:30.420" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;We consider email and phone numbers as sensitive data. These fall into the category of &quot;Personally Identifiable Information&quot; (PII).  We scrub all PII. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personally_identifiable_information&quot;&gt;Wikipedia definition of PII&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T21:47:30.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8483" CreationDate="2014-04-30T22:59:19.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is considered a good practice to scrub any identifying information as jruberto noted.  We also put different protections in place to such as dead drop mail servers for internal environments and other things to further segregate our test environments and data from production and prevent incidents like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T22:59:19.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8483" CreationDate="2014-04-30T23:05:45.337" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should absolutely be scrubbing email addresses and phone numbers. They are, as others have said, personally identifiable information, and failure to scrub them is a breach of data security standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, the scrubbing method doesn't have to be terribly difficult - if there has to be something in those fields, set all the email addresses to a bogus address that meets format standards for testing (user1@deadmail.badserver or something) and an equally non-existent phone number. If the fields don't need data, clear them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You had an embarrassing incident arising from insufficient data security - you're lucky you didn't have worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-04-30T23:05:45.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8479" CreationDate="2014-05-01T00:42:06.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn, you are in luck because all important tools are free! You can get free account at SauceLabs and write a selenium/webdriver test for any public web application. Python has good Selenium bindings. You can use your hobby project as part of your portfolio. If you do it right, with pageobject and using best practices, you should have easier time to find a position, because hiring manager can see you have the drive to learn and improve yourself, and you have skills in both manual and automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Build up your LinkedIn profile, too, and work on your resume. LinkedIn is easiest way to let recruiters know you are on the market for interesting position. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-05-01T00:42:06.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8483" CreationDate="2014-05-01T01:16:49.523" Score="8" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a general best practice for this? We already scrub sensitive&#xA;  information when using data in our test environments, but what about&#xA;  scrubbing less sensitive information such as email address or phone&#xA;  number?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most shops have practices for using test data. The specifics differ, but in general you don't want to use Production data which would be illegal, called out in an audit, could be embarrassing to your customers, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some locales require special handling for PII (personally identifiable information), so check local laws.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, some audits will ask about the handling of such information, so check with your company's standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But your customers received an unintended notification due to your failure to scrub data that you have deemed &quot;less sensitive&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to prevent another occurrence (which would be particularly embarrassing), you might consider reviewing your test data practices with an eye toward &quot;escape&quot; rather than just protection of PII. Ask yourself, what could possibly happen with the data as it exists. If your system involves automated calls, for example, phone numbers might provide a means of &quot;escape&quot; and hence should be scrubbed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, do you really need to use a scrubbed copy of Production data? In many cases, synthesized data (which you could generate in an automated manner) is better than a copy of Production anyway. Synthesized data can be seeded so that it exposes test conditions that may not occur with a snapshot of Production. For example, my synthesized data usually includes at least some cases where fields are filled to their maximum length - a condition which might only occur in production by happenstance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides the data, look at your test environment itself to see how you can avoid such escapes in the future. Does your test environment actually need to deliver emails across the internet? Or could it be set to either just queue up the emails without delivering them, just dump them to the file system, or block delivering them to the outside world?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-05-01T01:16:49.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8470" CreationDate="2014-05-01T12:46:21.437" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others said, use Pageobject and other best practices. Few links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PageObject explained&lt;/a&gt; - by Martin Fowler, language-independent&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mestachs.wordpress.com/2012/08/13/selenium-best-practices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Best practices&lt;/a&gt; - with short summary, for Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use PageObjects pattern&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be fluent with &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;return this, varargs, generics, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reuse your model and jodatime&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be robust and portable &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prefered selector order : id &gt; name &gt; css &gt; xpath &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid Thread.sleep prefer Wait or FluentWait&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use relative URLs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don’t rely on specific Driver implementation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create your dataset&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know your new tool&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep up to date (versions and usage pattern)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Troubleshooting &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jre 1.6&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IE (zoom, Protected mode setting )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox/firebug startpage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to deal with UI components like... fileupload, datepicker, ajaxtables,...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Detect when selenium isn't a good tool for the job&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't be afraid to hack around selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling &quot;pageobject&quot; and &quot;best practices&quot; will give you many more links for your system and language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PageObject encapsulates a bunch of page interactions and locators for them, so the test can call a pageobject method to perform some action on a page without knowing about HTML, locators etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:33:12.787" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:33:12.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8483" CreationDate="2014-05-01T17:19:05.460" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best Practice I always find as a loaded term.  While there are industry-wide practices some of those may be lenient in any particular space or be far more strict, especially in places where there is a lot of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) or financial information.  Much of that PII has to be very well protected, or you can encounter situations like you have noted.  Although it's often a useful practice to use Customer data (in one place I worked we insisted on it for testing) but in another it was just not feasible (as 90% of the data was considered PII).  What you need is a good process to determine what your needs are, then adjust the product data to fit your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First and Last Names are often ok, so long as they are not linked to other information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addresses can be PII, but sometimes you can get away with it unless you are testing a mailing system, in which case you can always update Zip Codes or Change the Street Addresses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Emails are difficult, at times they can be problematic if you have jobs or processes in TEST that run them, such as your case, but I have often backed that up with no Emails from TEST go to the outside world.  That way in case there are issues in TEST and some process or job does fire off, no email gets to its destination.  It can be problematic if you really need that outside email but you should be able to plan for that.  I worked closely with my IT group on how to configure the Mail Server so I could have emails blocked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Phone Numbers may be fine, unless you have systems that make phone calls&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Credit Card numbers should never be kept in TEST, nor should that be readable, in the US there are financial liabilities for these, whenever I have done TEST data this is one of the first I scrub&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything else take on a case by case basis, look at the data and see if you really need it or if you can find a way to mock, or scrub it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2014-05-22T18:57:07.500" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T18:57:07.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8470" CreationDate="2014-05-01T20:42:44.113" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the awesome suggestions others provided, I would like to describe one often neglected area. Unlike in unit tests, in end-to-end tests, you have less control over the data in your system and over your test environment. Here are a few suggestions to make your tests easier to maintain when such data or test environment change:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Decouple from existing test data&lt;/strong&gt;. Don't assume your test data will exist forever in DB. I've seen tests that rely on production DB data, e.g., users with specific names or privileges. If references to those data are hardcoded and data behind those references will be updated or, even worse, removed, then the tests will be useless. Instead, make your tests create specific test data or retrieve them in a declarative way, e.g. through SQL queries. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Name your test data&lt;/strong&gt;. If you don't decide for retrieving or creating specific test data as a part of your test, give them at least some meaningful names that will explain why you picked up this sample and not the other. Imagine you have to maintain the set of test data containing flights that got outdated: no longer there are flights from Los Angeles to Reykjavik. So you need another sample of similar flights. What do &lt;em&gt;similar&lt;/em&gt; test data mean here? I.e. What was the purpose of testing for this specific flight? Was it about checking system behaviour for an intercontinental flight or perhaps for a roundtrip? A better way would be to wrap this test data with a name, e.g., &lt;code&gt;anyIntercontinentalRoundtripFlight()&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Decouple from test environment&lt;/strong&gt;. Don't make your tests coupled to a specific test environment. I've seen tests with URLs, paths, DB connection URLs and other environment-specific elements hardcoded. When your product will have to be tested on a new configuration, updating your tests will be a nightmare. Hence, separate test environment configuration from your test cases. Put environment configuration in separate classes or files. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:33:36.243" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:33:36.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8464" CreationDate="2014-05-01T23:24:11.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can have two separate tests. One will put stuff in cart and close. Another test will start new browser, logs as same user, and checks if cart is in expected state. FOr extra credit you may start different kind of browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-05-01T23:24:11.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8483" CreationDate="2014-05-01T23:33:52.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Data security and privacy standards vary from country to country around what can and cannot be stored, and are generally only guidelines not legislation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, if your management are saying that data needs to be scrubbed, then it needs to be scrubbed regardless what the technical team thinks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other ways to look after data that do not require scrubbing. In some organisations they simply treat their test environments with all the security and rigour and access controls that they treat production environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-05-02T20:52:55.823" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T20:52:55.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8498" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-02T01:52:35.663" Score="1" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have access to a CI Job Jenkins's JSON API. Here is how I have the sequence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I crawl a CI job and look at all the builds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I look for the latest test report and filter out the test reports which are older than the latest code of automation. This way I have narrowed down the number of builds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I have a list of test results to compare for flakiness of test cases. I can successfully do this only if i know that the input is constant to all these tests and that only the test is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How can I find that the input is constant when its a complex piece of code like UI of web-page (like a hash?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How can I Get that input data from Jenkins or other place? For UI automation of web-sites&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How can i solve this problem of verification of input being constant in a general way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7657" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T00:53:34.097" Title="How to reliably calculate flakiness of test on automation jenkins job" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2333" CreationDate="2014-05-02T07:43:23.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It works fine with the latest version of Firefox(v29), but for Chrome it creates problems and sometimes you have to manually click on the page link to continue the code execution. Element Click on menus and sub-menus only works(in Chrome v34.0) if your mouse pointer is not over the browser on which code is running. Place the pointer to else where away from the browser or if feasible use another screen.&#xA;Worked for me!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7659" LastEditorUserId="7659" LastEditDate="2014-05-02T10:45:53.003" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T10:45:53.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8500" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8502" CreationDate="2014-05-02T09:05:41.873" Score="0" ViewCount="4843" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really need help on Microsoft Test Manager tool. I have worked on selenium with java tool and MTM is very difficult for me understand and learn. To replay the recorded test in MTM, it always fail does not open the application url. Is there any way we can export the recorded MTM test to C++ as we used to do in Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, is there any online help or tutorial for creating MTM test script and run it from C++, same as we used to do in selenium with Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also want to ask question that MTM required human efforts to run script, I found that while recording script we need to write the test case manually and than while recording we need to status the steps with pass/fail. Does same process is followed while playing recorded steps? As of now, when i play the steps it always fail and does not execute&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate your response and thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7315" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2015-02-04T21:44:58.027" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T21:44:58.027" Title="Microsoft Test Manager tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8500" CreationDate="2014-05-02T11:08:37.970" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Test Manager is primarily a tool for managing manual tests. The MTM test recordings can be exported to CodedUI then modified in Visual Studio, but they are not automated tests and should not be treated as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have Microsoft Team Foundation Server configured to manage test environment virtual systems, you can configure MTM to run automated tests (I've never done this myself). In Visual Studio Premium and Ultimate (If you have MTM, you should have the Premium license) you can associate an MTM test case with CodedUI tests or MS unit tests. Once you've done this and set up the TFS lab environment, you can run your automated tests via MTM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have to use MTM to manage your automated tests, I'd suggest one of two options: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;exporting MTM tests to CodedUI tests in C# (the language is kind of a hybrid between Java and C++, so should not be difficult for you to work with). With this option you could still run the tests via MTM if you have the correct environment configuration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;build your tests using Selenium in the language you prefer, and work with the TFS API to post your test results to the corresponding tests in MTM (this option is rather more complicated - the TFS API is not for the faint-hearted). With this option, your automation will live in its own ecosystem, but the test results will automagically be available in MTM.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, it's not as easy as it should be, something I hope Microsoft is going to address in future versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T11:08:37.970" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8505" CreationDate="2014-05-02T13:18:29.103" Score="6" ViewCount="8207" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently going through the stages of hiring a new junior tester into my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to give some of the potential candidates who don't necessarily have much of a testing background an online example project, where they can have a click around and send me their observations. I don't really want to give them much in the way of documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering whether such a thing exists. e.g. a demo site with known issues for a tester to practice with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, if you were tasked with trying to spot if an entry level tester had the potential skills and aptitude for testing. How would you go about it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to add, I was thinking that James Bach's Triangle2000 could be a nice little program for someone to play around with and give you feedback on their observations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastEditorUserId="5422" LastEditDate="2014-05-02T13:34:39.010" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T17:40:33.240" Title="Testing a tester with example projects" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8504" CreationDate="2014-05-02T13:36:46.503" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.shino.de/parkcalc/&quot;&gt;Parking Calculator&lt;/a&gt; that is on Markus Gartner's site is a good way to have someone test something, and if they peruse the site as well for interest good for them.  The calculator is a well known example you can find more on as well if you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to do auditions, I recently did one for my position and they gave me materials that I needed to present.  I was expected to go over my thought process on how I built up a test plan, wrote my cases and what I expected to cover, and not cover, in them.  Then I was given questions during the audition/presentation to get more into how I thought about testing.  What I would look for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some ability to break down issues, do they think about how things/software may break?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are they interested?  Is this just a job, or do they have a passion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they want to learn?  It's a junior position so they must want to learn more in the position&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have they read a book or blog?  Sometimes I ask who someone reads, and either I find someone new or find they don't really do much on their own&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When presented with a problem do they think critically about it or only deal with the obvious issues?  For this, I liked the audition as it showed what I was thinking about and how I broke down the issues and problems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see if their personality fits with the team, if you have one.  This is someone you will be training and have to work closely with, make sure they mesh well with your environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="1242" LastEditDate="2014-05-02T16:37:00.040" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T16:37:00.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8477" CreationDate="2014-05-02T13:56:27.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not an answer, but I cannot comment yet, so please no downvotes. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There were few views of this question, no answers, and unlikely any answer is coming. See:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mestachs.wordpress.com/2012/08/13/selenium-best-practices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Best Practices for Selenium locators&lt;/a&gt; prefers to use ID, Name or CSS over XPATH. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://thenewcircle.com/static/bookshelf/selenium_tutorial/locators.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;locator comparison&lt;/a&gt; says XPATH is slower and brittle, especially in IE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So non-answer is: &quot;don't do that&quot; :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you change page/ask it to be changed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T13:56:27.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8483" CreationDate="2014-05-02T14:34:50.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;People have already covered the privacy side of this issue. Couldn't have said it better than Kate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What concerns me is the risk of another embarrassing round of notifications greatly outweighs... whatever benefit there is to not scrubbing (which is unclear). What is the reason some team members want to leave the data as-is? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You clearly have email notifications in place already. And if you have them for one action, chances are you have or will have more in place. A good rule of thumb: &lt;strong&gt;Scrub anything that could possibly connect your test actions (automated and manual) with your real users.&lt;/strong&gt; There should be no link that would change production data, or send notifications via email or sms.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trust me, once you get this in place, you will sleep much more soundly while running batch jobs on test overnight : )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7387" LastActivityDate="2014-05-02T14:34:50.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-02T20:11:38.313" Score="15" ViewCount="3756" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;anti-pattern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There must be at least two key elements present to formally&#xA;  distinguish an actual &lt;em&gt;anti-pattern&lt;/em&gt; from a simple bad habit, bad&#xA;  practice, or bad idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A commonly used process, structure or pattern of action that despite initially appearing to be an appropriate and effective response to a&#xA;  problem, typically has more bad consequences than beneficial results,&#xA;  and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A good alternative solution exists that is documented, repeatable and proven to be effective.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have recently encountered different anti-patterns in test automation, that make reading, reusing and maintaining tests hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar catalog has been created for &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/333682/tdd-anti-patterns-catalogue&quot;&gt;anti-patterns in unit testing&lt;/a&gt;, but automation of end-to-end tests is different in nature from unit-testing. First, some patterns that are anti-patterns in unit testing, might be acceptable in end-to-end test automation. For instance, adding a new assertion to existing test instead of creating a new test case (The Free Ride / Piggyback design pattern) might be acceptable because setup in end-to-end environment takes usually more time. Second, there are anti-patterns specific for end-to-end test automation, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test data too much coupled with SUT DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment configuration hardcoded in tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you suggest others?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T17:44:48.677" Title="What are anti-patterns in test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="11" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-05-06T11:55:03.660" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8509" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-02T20:47:25.430" Score="1" ViewCount="1977" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to create a test suite using NUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In java, I could use the name of the classes and do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestSuite suite = new TestSuite();&#xA;suite.addTest(new JUnit4TestAdapter(Class.forName({Name of my test class here})));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In NUnit, I have a TestSuite created (from NUnit.Core) but I can't create Tests dynamically and add them to the suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate the help, thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7565" LastActivityDate="2014-08-03T22:09:50.317" Title="Creating Test Suite dynamically in NUnit" Tags="&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8508" CreationDate="2014-05-03T00:23:46.967" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll take a stab at a few:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Including business logic at the test case level instead of building a business layer. Existing pattern: Page Object Pattern&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Declaring page elements inline in test cases with locator information instead of in the business layer.  Existing pattern: Page Object Pattern&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sleeping for arbitrary amounts of time. Existing pattern: polling, explicit/implicit waits.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-05-03T00:23:46.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8508" CreationDate="2014-05-03T06:05:23.377" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PageObject littered with Assertion&lt;/strong&gt; anti-pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Problem:&lt;/em&gt; Assertions are part of PageObject class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def varify_edit_link_presence&#xA;  //BAD: Assertion in page Object. &#xA;  has_link?(&quot;edit&quot;).should be true&#xA;End&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Solution&lt;/em&gt;: PageObject just provides status of the element to the caller. The caller itself will verify the status:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def has_edit_link?&#xA;   has_link?(&quot;edit&quot;)&#xA;End&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duplication makes life easy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Long live dead code!!!!!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rescue strategies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an excerpt from the slide-deck on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/sirkarthik/auto-testantipatterns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Testing Anti-Patterns and Rescue Strategies&lt;/a&gt;. For more on this, you should look into that presentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7666" LastEditorUserId="12857" LastEditDate="2015-07-31T13:07:17.970" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T13:07:17.970" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7494" CreationDate="2014-05-03T12:26:35.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just had this exact problem too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm running the tests on my phone (Nexus 4, 4.4.2) and I realised I got the &lt;code&gt;'junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: AbsListView is not found!'&lt;/code&gt; exception when my phone screen was &lt;em&gt;on but locked&lt;/em&gt;. Yes, really.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlock phone =&gt; bam, test passes again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7669" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-05T11:09:31.067" LastActivityDate="2014-05-05T11:09:31.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7914" CreationDate="2014-05-04T12:24:52.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most devices will support a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Network_Computing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VNC&lt;/a&gt; server, for android see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/search?q=vnc%20server&amp;amp;c=apps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://play.google.com/store/search?q=vnc%20server&amp;amp;c=apps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must root the device, so the server can get access to the display.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=vnc%20viewer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a VNC viewer&lt;/a&gt; you can connect to it with a laptop or another device that supports the viewer. You can also control the device from the VNC viewer, with a mouse and keyboard. Connect the laptop to the HDTV device and your done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also run automated tests against a VNC server with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.t-plan.com/robot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the T-Plan Robot&lt;/a&gt; (Commercial version) or &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/tplanrobot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Open Source variant&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-05-04T12:24:52.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8508" CreationDate="2014-05-04T12:36:26.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Different Stack&lt;/strong&gt; Anti-Pattern&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automated tests (also test frameworks) are implemented using a different software stack then the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_under_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SUT&lt;/a&gt; uses. This will make it harder for developers to maintain the tests. I have seen web development teams needing to learn Java as an extra language, because the test team decided to us a Java testing framework without having the app developers involved. The testers where familiar with Java and not the PHP/JavaScript stack use by the other teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Demotivates developers to write, fix and or extend tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Harder to maintain for a team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extra setup to run the test local (Tools, Runtime, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-05-04T19:19:16.627" LastActivityDate="2014-05-04T19:19:16.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8508" CreationDate="2014-05-04T12:48:56.630" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not testing in Isolation&lt;/strong&gt; Anti-Pattern&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to run a test in isolation you often have to bootstrap one or multiple systems, configure these systems, setup test data, archive test artefacts and destroy the setup after the test run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Easier is to just run the end-to-end tests against a some central system test database and shared server resources, with multiple accounts per test situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dependencies on (production) infrastructure to run test suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parallel test runs could interfere each other&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test data is corrupted and needs manual fixing every now and then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easier for test to become depended on each other&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better is to use a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;/a&gt; to use something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vagrantup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vagrant&lt;/a&gt; to bootstrap a clean Test environment foreach individual test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-05-04T19:19:44.200" LastActivityDate="2014-05-04T19:19:44.200" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8508" CreationDate="2014-05-04T16:45:17.100" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit and system test automation is different, but at least a few of the unit test anti-patterns apply, such as concentration on happy-path scenarios. Thanks for including that link!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the automation I have implemented, I was forced to implement GUI automation due to the structure of the legacy Java client-server systems I was testing. However, these are also applicable to web automation tools like Selenium that act at the user interface. Note that this applies to keyboard/mouse interfaces, touch interfaces are a different animal entirely and would require their own evaluation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will start with an obvious anti-pattern: &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dependence on Record and Playback&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The alternative that I have implemented on all of my automation is to use recorded actions to obtain the structure of the GUI elements, then parameterize them into a function that searches the application interface structure to locate the object. This makes the GUI automation resilient to structural changes to the user interface (which happens often).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Making Intermittent Bugs Low Priority&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This will show up as &quot;glitches&quot; that a user or a manual tester would overcome quickly and often ignore. However, unstable or unpredictable operation is the bane of automated tests. Even if they are EBM (&quot;every blue moon&quot;) intermittent defects, they would still prevent most automation from being implemented without a considerable number of restarts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my favorite:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ignoring Accessibility Development Standards&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;These standards were developed to allow persons with disabilities access to software applications. Not only is it the right thing to do, but implementation of these standards improves the accessibility for all users. A little-known benefit of adopting these standards is the dramatic improvement in the testability of the application, both for manual and automated approaches. One aspect of these standards is especially important: making the application interface readable by external screen reader applications (such as Jaws). Not implementing accessibility standards forces you to implement &quot;blind&quot; automation, which is essentially the Record and Playback approach discussed above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-05-04T16:45:17.100" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8523" CreationDate="2014-05-05T09:09:53.323" Score="0" ViewCount="548" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get error even after including &lt;strong&gt;jmeter-plugins-webdriver-1.1.3.jar&lt;/strong&gt; in JMeter, While clicking on jp@gc firefox driver config it still shows me the error dialog box as mentioned below &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GEzzu.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error in using webdriver plugin in jmeter&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me some options in order to use selenium webdriver with jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T18:11:03.480" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T18:11:03.480" Title="Getting error even after including webdriver jar in JMeter" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8518" CreationDate="2014-05-05T12:19:26.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;your jmeter-plugins-webdriver-1.1.3.jar needs to be located in folder lib/ext&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5675" LastActivityDate="2014-05-05T12:19:26.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8383" CreationDate="2014-05-05T18:13:55.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;size()&lt;/code&gt; function returns the number of elements found with the &lt;code&gt;getElements()&lt;/code&gt; function, I expect it to return just one table element. The value of size equals 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would get the HTML inside the table and count the occurrences of &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; or something unique per row, expecting you do not have nested tables with rows inside the initial table. The code for that would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement table = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;t1&quot;));&#xA;String tableContent = table.getAttribute(&quot;innerHTML&quot;);&#xA;int count = StringUtils.countMatches(tabelContent, &quot;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you change the window size you will have to get the &lt;code&gt;innerHTML&lt;/code&gt; again and count the rows to see if it actually changed or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="7618" LastEditDate="2014-05-05T20:06:08.087" LastActivityDate="2014-05-05T20:06:08.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8509" CreationDate="2014-05-05T19:42:27.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In NUnit 2.4.4, there is a new feature - the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=suite&amp;amp;r=2.6.2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Suite Attribute&lt;/a&gt; that allows you to return an array of tests as opposed to using the &lt;code&gt;TestSuite&lt;/code&gt; class in previous versions.  To add tests, it would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Suite] &#xA;public static IEnumerable Suite&#xA;{&#xA;   get&#xA;   {&#xA;      ArrayList suite = new ArrayList();&#xA;      suite.Add(new AddAll());&#xA;      return suite;&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7618" LastEditorUserId="7618" LastEditDate="2014-05-05T19:53:55.860" LastActivityDate="2014-05-05T19:53:55.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8470" CreationDate="2014-05-06T09:30:27.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Yash suggest but in short form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Testng annotations which signals dependences quite good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It tooks some time to learn use it good(yaml + groups + packages included), but for annotation you could build dependencies and structures of tests quite easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;External property file is also helpful for user data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also use scripting language if allowed, it minimalize boilerplate code , simplify understending and writing hussles, and also gives chance to learn scripting language. If possible use DSL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastEditorUserId="7205" LastEditDate="2014-05-06T09:49:46.723" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T09:49:46.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8518" CreationDate="2014-05-06T09:43:33.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like that you're missing Selenium libraries in JMeter classpath. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JMeterPlugins-WebDriver.jar&lt;/strong&gt; - should go to %JMETER_HOME%/lib/ext&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;everything else from &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/downloads/file/JMeterPlugins-WebDriver-1.1.3.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeterPlugins-WebDriver-1.1.3.zip&lt;/a&gt; should go to %JMETER_HOME%/lib&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you drop JMeterPlugins-WebDriver-1.1.3.zip to the folder where your JMeter lives and just unpack it - everything should be fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter restart is required to load the jars. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using Selenium with JMeter's WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T09:43:33.280" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8532" CreationDate="2014-05-06T09:52:46.873" Score="0" ViewCount="19535" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want my test case to run once and test n number of inputs at various positions. Suppose If I want to check a login screen for different members like manager,user,admin,e.t.c then instead of running multiple test case for each category with specific input credentials, How can I parameterize the test so that in just one run it would evaluate all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:34:59.710" Title="How can I do data parameterization in Selenium Web Driver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8524" CreationDate="2014-05-06T10:09:20.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if I get the question correctly, but I would do login function that takes login and password as parameters, and some role-checking function that takes role as parameter. Then I would make list of dicts like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;users = [{'login':'login1','pass':'password1', 'role':'admin'},{'login':'login2','pass':'password2', 'role':'user'},(...)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally create tes-case which iterates through users list and calls login and role-checking function for each. It would be something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;for i in users:&#xA;    login(i['login,],i['password'])&#xA;    check_role(i['role'])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tricky thing is making good role-checking function. This depends on how you can distinguish roles. I would use some element that is diffrent for each role (e.g. role written under username, or some links that are present to certain roles only) and check if it is in the right state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5608" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T09:34:59.710" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:34:59.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8524" CreationDate="2014-05-06T10:10:10.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using TestNG's Dataprovider annotation is a very good way of doing this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumonlinetrainingexpert.wordpress.com/2012/11/20/how-to-parameterized-test-in-testng-using-dataprovider-annotation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This link&lt;/a&gt; gives a simple example of how the dataprovider annotation can be used using hardcoded values. You could also have the @dataprovider read an external file, store, and pass the values to your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T10:10:10.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8477" CreationDate="2014-05-06T10:57:32.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(.//*[@id='colDiv_Apr282014']/div)&lt;/code&gt;. It has to be findElements with 's' on end. That way You will get list of element. When filter obtained result if some not meet expected criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-13T06:36:08.400" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T06:36:08.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2014-05-06T16:27:56.893" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I would debug a Selenium session to find out what is happening:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step-by-step debugging&lt;/strong&gt;: Most &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;IDE's&lt;/a&gt; allow you todo step-by-step debugging, you could set a break point just before the point you want to investigate. This will pause the execution of the test and lets you examine the browser with its own tools. You can step thru each line of code one by one and monitor the behavior. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AudbOfamfwc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this video for example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Video recording&lt;/strong&gt;: Record the test session with a screen-recorder or use one of the online Selenium grids like &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sauce labs&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingbot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestingBot&lt;/a&gt;, both offer to record of the test session by default and give enough free minutes to analyze most issues. After the recording, you can playback frame by frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sleeps&lt;/strong&gt;: Like others suggest, you can add a sleep or increase the default wait-times. Personally, I am not a fan of this because you might need to rerun the test a couple of times if the sleep is not long enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T07:15:25.733" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T07:15:25.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8530" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-05-06T18:05:19.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt; project is a сustom set of plugins for &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/jmeter&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;, not affiliated with Apache Software Foundation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2014-05-07T15:32:52.533" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T15:32:52.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8531" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-05-06T18:05:19.510" Score="0" Body="JMeter Plugins project is a сustom set of plugins for Apache JMeter, not affiliated with Apache Software Foundation." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2014-05-07T15:32:55.103" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T15:32:55.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8524" CreationDate="2014-05-06T22:10:02.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium has no built in support to execute a test case, or collection of test cases, or ability to execute a parameterized test case.  Selenium is simply a framework to interact with a web UI.  The test execution engine you use to actually kick off your selenium tests varies depending on which language you are using, and even for a specific language there are often multiple competing test execution engines.  For example, with Java some popular choices are JUnit and TestNG.  For C#, popular choices are Nunit and MSTest.  There are other options for ruby, python, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each one of these test execution engines handles parameterized or data driven test cases differently.  You would need to refer to the documentation for whichever tool you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-05-06T22:10:02.313" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8533" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-07T07:37:57.217" Score="0" ViewCount="1218" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am supposed to test a touch screen driver using black box method.&#xA;What kind of scenarios should I consider?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7681" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T10:36:17.107" Title="Test scenarios for testing of touch screen driver" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8533" CreationDate="2014-05-07T10:36:17.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What type of touchscreen- Resistive or capacitive ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some of the things I tested when I was in charge of testing a similar driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;sanity- draw some predefined shapes and compare to the actual results. Choose simple and complex shapes, letters etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;accuracy- touch the screen and compare to the coordinates you expect as reported by the driver. Make sure to include the edges, corners and center.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;accuracy over time- swipe your finger (or stylus) very slowly across the screen, make sure the lines stay straight&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;stability- draw a shape on the screen repeatedly for long duration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;stability- touch the screen in predefined locations (same as accuracy, but in less locations), repeat&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;reboot your device and make sure the driver is properly loaded (e.g. run the sanity test above)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;resistive screen reports the strength of the touch, add this to the tests above&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;capacitive screens may still function with the finger above screen, add this to the tests above (&quot;hovering&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above tests checked the &quot;lower&quot; half of the driver, use the real application to test how the driver reports results to the OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T10:36:17.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8535" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-07T11:16:16.510" Score="19" ViewCount="152662" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to click at x, y coordinates like 52, 216-52, 295. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;How can this be done using Selenium? (I am using Mac OSX 10.8.5 with Selenium 2.40.0 and Firefox version 29.0)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:05:44.647" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:34:56.983" Title="Selenium: How to click at x,y coordinates?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8535" CreationDate="2014-05-07T11:25:42.713" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can move the mouse and click with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Actions&lt;/a&gt;, given you have a element to offset from. You cannot click outside the browser content window or control Operating System elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;moveToElement(WebElement toElement, int xOffset, int yOffset)&#xA;Moves the mouse to an offset from the top-left corner of the element.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code (Java) would look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);   &#xA;builder.moveToElement(knownElement, 10, 25).click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2020-11-25T08:25:14.927" LastActivityDate="2020-11-25T08:25:14.927" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8539" CreationDate="2014-05-07T14:17:59.387" Score="4" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;We develop automated user interface tests. The application under test is quite complex and it can be configured by the user (the real user) in many ways. Our tests to be automated are quite complex as well and perform many actions on the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My dilema is which strategy to take:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Tests are executed in a secure and &lt;strong&gt;well known application configuration&lt;/strong&gt;. In every test execution this environment is restored to the previous state (by restoring the database, or by restoring the virtual machine, using Vagrant or any other technique).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Test are executed in &lt;strong&gt;any application configuration&lt;/strong&gt; so the tests embody themselves the intelligence to detect the configuration at run time and change it so the test will not break due to a bad configuration from a previous test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first aproach lets you to develop tests quickly and execute them in a stable application. You know that tests will not disturb each other. On the other hand, tests can be executed through any installation and configuration and but these tests are more complex to implement so the time to develop them is higher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which aproach do you use? Which are the pros and cons of both techniques? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7566" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-07T16:07:59.840" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T16:31:28.643" Title="Fixed vs Dynamic AUT" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;dynamic-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-07T14:43:31.943" Score="0" ViewCount="6885" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;span3 config_camera_wrapper img-rounded&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid #fff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;img-rounded&quot; src=&quot;images/bookappt_v3/logo-placeholder.png&quot; alt=&quot;140x140&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;config_camera img-circle icon-camera icon-2x&quot; onclick=&quot;$('#cropImageInput').trigger('click');&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above is the code for upload image. Check the link to see the how the image upload option looks &lt;a href=&quot;http://dropmocks.com/mEbKUV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dropmocks.com/mEbKUV&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the below code to upload image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement upload = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='profile_configure_company_details']/div/div[2]/div/ul/li[3]/span[2]/i&quot;));&#xA;                upload.sendKeys(&quot;/Users/sathiyarengarajan/Desktop/images(1).jpeg&quot;);&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='cropandsave']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it doesnot works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-06T20:36:48.687" LastActivityDate="2020-07-15T15:44:57.093" Title="Handling Image upload" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8537" CreationDate="2014-05-07T16:16:52.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That &quot;stable state&quot; is a necessary concept for test automation (I usually refer to it as the &quot;idle state&quot;). However, it is important to try to run the tests in a variety of configurations and not just the single stable one. Here are some ideas that I hope may be helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I try to write my scripts such that they return to the idle state after each test run.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can have more than one idle state. That allows you to organize your scripts into logical groupings, thus cutting down on the configuration setup from each idle state. This gives you some flexibility in implementing a variety of configurations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You may want to consider instead of an &quot;automated&quot; approach to run a &quot;computer assisted&quot; approach. In that case, the automated scripts do all of the configuration for a given scenario and then turn the application over to a tester to run the individual tests. This has the benefit of reducing your automation complexity enormously, but does require the scripts to be run interactively. It also allows the users to investigate any oddities that may not be picked up in the automation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is important to differentiate between an idle state and a test configuration. You can write your automation to provide a variety of data sets in a single setup, such that separate tests can be performed on different data sets without the need for resetting the automation. I am not sure from your description whether your configurations are mutually exclusive or can coexist in a single session.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T16:16:52.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8537" CreationDate="2014-05-07T16:31:28.643" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one of those questions which has multiple valid answers, as well as being a common problem for test automation engineers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach you take should be influenced by your knowledge of your user base:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you know which configuration settings your users use? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there known configuration settings used by your largest customers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there common configuration sets that can be identified and categorized by how common they are?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 90% of your users use one configuration set, you can be reasonably safe focusing your automation on that specific configuration. If you have three or four common configuration sets, you can work with those. And if you have a very large customer who provides a sizeable chunk of your company's revenue, you absolutely must automate their configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the ways you can do this (depending on your exact circumstances):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use predefined data sets&lt;/strong&gt; and restore them into your test database before beginning a test run: the advantage here is that you know what you are starting with, and can abort the run if restoration fails. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use 'smart' configuration detection&lt;/strong&gt; - detecting the current configuration settings in conjunction with a known start point allows the automation to set exactly what is needed at any point in time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the application has a large number of dependent operations where you need to perform a large number of tasks before you reach your target, &lt;strong&gt;consider making your &lt;em&gt;tests&lt;/em&gt; dependent&lt;/strong&gt;, but with validation on the fly. This is a difficult decision that is also influenced by your test resources, how many parallel tests you can run, and the need for timely reporting on automation results. I couldn't say if it's the best option for you, but it has been the best option for me more than once.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If all your customers use the same database (this is common for web applications) and it's not practical to restore a clean database into the test system &lt;strong&gt;maintain a set of configurations and data as test 'customers'&lt;/strong&gt;. These can start life as snapshots of customer data with the appropriate anonymization and data cleaning. Doing this means your database checks need to be smarter, and you need to use procedural rather than programmed methods to keep others from messing with your test data, but it can be done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Focus on the goal of your tests, not the process&lt;/strong&gt;. It's easy to get lost in the process of writing automation and forget the goal of the automation. If the goal is to have the 20% of the system that gets 80% of the use automated, you don't need to worry as much about automating scenarios for the customer using a configuration nobody else uses. If there are large parts of the system that behave the same regardless of configuration, those can be tested separately with a common configuration set to minimize the number of configuration switches you need to make.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter which way you take it, you do need to have a means of ensuring you've got known data, and a means to reset the AUT to its known start state. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T16:31:28.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8538" CreationDate="2014-05-07T17:14:17.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know file uploads always need a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=file&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML&lt;/a&gt;. Your example HTML does not contain any. Often its hidden somewhere in the page, so that input element is not shown on the page. It could also be generated as you the &lt;code&gt;onclick event&lt;/code&gt; fires. The example page you linked on dropmocks has no upload functionality, it does nothing (or I can't figure out how it should work).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you figured out where the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is located you can use your &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; code on that element instead and it should work. Also see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3300580/webdriver-file-upload&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3300580/webdriver-file-upload&lt;/a&gt; for more methods to upload a file with Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would ask advice of &lt;strong&gt;your development team&lt;/strong&gt;, they surely can assist&#xA;  you to find the correct &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag and help making this test work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference you look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://html5-demos.appspot.com/static/styled_file_input.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this example/test styled file uploader&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8350927/file-upload-button-without-input-field&quot;&gt;this question about file uploads without inputs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T17:23:56.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7395" CreationDate="2014-05-07T17:35:54.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you try the documentation or used a search engine like Google?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a couple of resources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMonAgent/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMonAgent/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mubbashir11.blogspot.nl/2011/10/server-side-monitoring-in-jmeter-with.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Blog post about its usage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://brittoc.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/server-side-monitoring-in-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Another blog post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think from the documentation is pretty clear how to install, run and use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative you can look at my favorite web loadtester &lt;a href=&quot;http://funkload.nuxeo.org/intro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FunkLoad&lt;/a&gt; which also has server side monitoring, &lt;a href=&quot;http://ziade.org/2011/07/28/how-to-stress-test-your-app-using-funkload-part-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog post explains about how to use it in more detail including the monitoring&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T17:35:54.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8543" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-07T19:15:20.643" Score="1" ViewCount="1423" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am stuck with one issue which needs your help. Because of some bad requirement i am supposed to write my test cases in excel. Now Each Test case has a Serial Number. Because the test cases are more than hundred, if i add some test cases in the middle, I have to re-number the subsequent test cases manually. Is there any automatic way like formula or something which can do that for me. Below is the Example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JHHmQ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;For Example.&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if i add a new test case between Test Case #1 and Test Case #2, I want  newly added case to be numbered as #2 and test case #2 to be renamed as #3 and #3 as #4 automatically, similarly all the subsequent test cases to be re-numbered accordingly. Is it possible to do in excel ? I tried to tweak around with row() and offset() function but not able to figure out the exact solution. I hope my question makes some sense and is clear to understand. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3069" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-05-12T11:38:10.737" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T11:38:10.737" Title="Auto Increment Test Case Number in Excel when New Test Case is Added" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8543" CreationDate="2014-05-07T19:46:33.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps &lt;a href=&quot;http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-help/automatically-number-rows-HP001154232.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this support article from MS&lt;/a&gt; will help you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-05-07T19:46:33.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8545" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-08T05:55:38.493" Score="0" ViewCount="1024" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to stop the browser loading process after 20 minutes in selenium webdriver script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest, how to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7608" LastEditorUserId="7608" LastEditDate="2014-05-09T07:39:26.713" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T13:58:22.613" Title="How to stop the browser loading process after 20 minutes?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8543" CreationDate="2014-05-08T19:32:43.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;These numbers are just temporary numbers rather than serial numbers.  It doesn't seem like a good idea to rename (renumber) a test case once it's been defined.  When there's a future failure, it's harder to find results for that test case from a previous run if the test case name/serial number has changed.  Is it necessary to have the test cases numbered in sequential order?  If not, it's easy enough to know what the highest number is and to identify the new case with the next number.  If you delete a test case, don't renumber either.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2014-05-08T19:32:43.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8550" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-08T20:39:17.633" Score="0" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on embedded firmware that provides a lot of functions through an ethernet interface. I would like to test the function by writing test programs in C# or python that test specific functions. Now I am looking for software that allows me to create complex test sequences consisting of my small test programs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know a good open source tool to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you this this approach is a good idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7695" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-08T21:09:22.093" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T13:56:29.907" Title="Looking for software to create and manage test sequences" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8551" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-09T05:31:10.233" Score="0" ViewCount="1738" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company has developed a search engine and handed over to the testing to test. I have no idea how to start. Its taking results from bing API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7699" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T09:44:53.653" Title="How to test a search engine?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-05-12T16:13:58.993" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8551" CreationDate="2014-05-09T05:35:59.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the functional requirements on the search machine? Same results as Bing? Certain adds?&#xA;What are the qualitative requirements? Response time? Layout?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as you know what was to be developed, you know what to test with what test goals. Afterwards, you can think about how to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7150" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T05:35:59.247" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8545" CreationDate="2014-05-09T12:43:24.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to do it? Set some form of timer with an expiration of 20 minutes (either a selenium wait for one of the objects on the page if you want to be able to continue if it does load, or a thread.sleep if you literally want to sleep exactly 20 minutes and then quit). At the expiration of the timer, if it was a selenium wait, put your driver.close in the cleanup method; if it was a thread.sleep, call driver.close directly after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But why? If your page isn't loading or is hanging, 20 minutes is a ridiculously long timeout. Will your customers wait 20 minutes on the page? Or will they give up after 30 seconds or so? And furthermore, why is your page hanging for over 20 minutes in the first place? What test case requires staring at a blank screen for 20 minutes then closing the browser? Are you sure it's an appropriate test case in the first place? If the test is &quot;The page loads successfully&quot;, I suggest that 20 minutes is far, far too long. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T12:43:24.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8554" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-09T16:31:23.607" Score="1" ViewCount="696" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to do revision on past paper questions on equivalence class testing and this is a question I'm getting rather confused about. As I understand it, there are three bits to defining this equivalence class (see bottom of Q for snippet). There is: 'age', 'claims', and 'condition'. To solve this question, one should state the actions, followed by the age brackets, then in another case, they should state the condition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something along these lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;condition = {(50% increase, 25% increase, £100 + letter, £75, £400, £200) | 0 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 25, 26 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 100, 0 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 25, 26 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 100, 0 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 25, 26 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 100}&#xA;age = {(0 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 100)}&#xA;claims = {(0 &amp;lt;= claims &amp;lt;= 10)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would I be correct in assuming that the final product would be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;c0 = {age is an element of condition | age | claims}&#xA;c1 = {age is an element of ¬condition | age | claims}&#xA;c2 = {age is an element of condition | ¬age | claims}&#xA;c3 = {age is an element of condition | age | ¬claims}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks, I greatly appreciate your help! :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yZHO1.png&quot; alt=&quot;Practice Question&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7706" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T23:12:58.440" Title="Question in relation to equivalence class testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8554" CreationDate="2014-05-09T17:10:34.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is interesting, because normally you will see equivalence classes in terms of a single variable with other inputs held constant. I would think that the equivalence classes for two variables would depend on whether they are independent or dependent. In this case, the variables appear to be independent, since there are no overlapping resultant values. (In other words, you cannot predict the resulting value based on a single variable value.) Based on that, I would say that the number of equivalence classes would be 6, based on two age classes and three claims classes (and based on the preconditions stated). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Outside of the test question itself, in the real world I would also add negative equivalence classes for each of the assumed boundary conditions, which would result in additional classes (e.g. attempting to enter a claim of &amp;lt; 0 and an age of over 100). However, that wouldn't apply in the mythical test question world. ;o)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Venn diagram would show the overlap of the classes for each of the independent variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-05-09T17:10:34.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8557" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-10T19:17:02.047" Score="0" ViewCount="885" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a task and I don't know how to solve it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a Python command line installer, and I should write a functional automated test in JBehave for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have any idea how to approach this task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7710" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-12T11:42:05.273" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T11:42:05.273" Title="How do I use JBehave to test a command line installer outcome?" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;&lt;jbehave&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8557" CreationDate="2014-05-10T20:07:39.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although you give limited info about what outcome you need to test and what is holding you back, I still think I can give some pointers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JBehave&lt;/a&gt; is a Java based &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BDD&lt;/a&gt; framework. Use &lt;code&gt;Runtime.getRuntime().exec()&lt;/code&gt; to start executables from the command line with Java. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/java/how-to-execute-shell-command-from-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.mkyong.com/java/how-to-execute-shell-command-from-java/&lt;/a&gt; for example usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To interact with the command line application you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Expect&lt;/a&gt;. Also have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ronniedong/Expect-for-Java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Java version of Expect&lt;/a&gt; which might integrate nicely in the JBehave tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example BDD test scenario&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: Install application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given I have our application installer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copy the installer files some where local.&#xA;Install Python and other dependencies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the installer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start the installer (Expect) script with exec()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And answer all the questions it asks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Expect to progress the installer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then it is installed on the local computer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verify it is installed and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exit_status&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the exit code&lt;/a&gt; from the installer is correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I can start the installed application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start the application with Expect (if its command line) or start a GUI test of some kind to verify it starts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More test scenarios&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different configuration options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Readonly install directories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All possible exit codes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Corrupt installer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-05-10T20:20:14.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8550" CreationDate="2014-05-11T11:24:55.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a good idea, there are many tools available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard good things about &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nose&lt;/a&gt;, both are in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Robot Framework has built in capability to read from configuration files, so your task of creating test sequences would be easier, although the same can be done very easily with &quot;pure&quot; Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-05-11T11:24:55.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8317" CreationDate="2014-05-12T04:10:23.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Few more options to evaluate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Please check &lt;a href=&quot;http://loader.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://loader.io/&lt;/a&gt; (From User Suchith Parekh)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blazemeter.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T04:10:23.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8551" CreationDate="2014-05-12T09:44:53.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tools.seobook.com/general/spider-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tools.seobook.com/general/spider-test/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try above tool i think it will be useful for your testing process&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T09:44:53.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-12T10:28:40.993" Score="8" ViewCount="11736" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have successfully integrated between JIRA and Testlink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't found yet how to connect from one issue on JIRA to its test case on Testlink. How can I connect JIRA issues with Testlink test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7717" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-12T11:49:36.447" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:34:48.257" Title="How do I connect an issue on JIRA to a test case on Testlink?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8564" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8674" CreationDate="2014-05-12T10:42:47.163" Score="2" ViewCount="6498" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to import a test result on testlink.&#xA;Here's my XML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-xml prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&amp;quot;1.0&amp;quot; encoding=&amp;quot;UTF-8&amp;quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;results&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;testcase external_id=&amp;quot;123-9&amp;quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tester&amp;gt;sabrina&amp;lt;/tester&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- tester LOGIN Name---&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;timestamp&amp;gt;2014-05-12 17:00:00&amp;lt;/timestamp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;result&amp;gt;p&amp;lt;/result&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;notes&amp;gt;functionality works great &amp;lt;/notes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/testcase&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/result&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it always fails with the notification result of 'xml_ko'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update:&#xA;I found the solution.&#xA;There are invalid characters i put on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!-- tester LOGIN Name---&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; there's should only 2 dash (-) at the end.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Missing 's' at the end on &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/result&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The right xml code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-xml prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&amp;quot;1.0&amp;quot; encoding=&amp;quot;UTF-8&amp;quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;results&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;testcase external_id=&amp;quot;123-9&amp;quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tester&amp;gt;sabrina&amp;lt;/tester&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- tester LOGIN Name--&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;timestamp&amp;gt;2014-05-12 17:00:00&amp;lt;/timestamp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;result&amp;gt;p&amp;lt;/result&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;notes&amp;gt;functionality works great &amp;lt;/notes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/testcase&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/results&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7716" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T09:34:52.163" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:34:52.163" Title="Testlink: Import Test Result fails with 'XML_KO'" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8566" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-12T10:58:57.417" Score="0" ViewCount="3958" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium WebDriver with Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an Excel spreadsheet with two columns, one for username and another for password. I need to read those values and use them to create new users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7720" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-08T13:46:52.570" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T13:46:52.570" Title="Selenium WebDriver with Java: How do I read username and password from an excel file to Java to use in website testing" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-06-14T05:12:18.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8566" CreationDate="2014-05-12T11:50:51.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, it depends on the type of excel file. If it is a standard excel file, there is great instructions on reading them &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1516144/how-to-read-and-write-excel-file-in-java&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a CSV based excel file than treat it as reading a standard text file and do a comma (Or whatever delimiter it uses) as a split. Instructions can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/java/how-to-read-and-parse-csv-file-in-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you have the data, I would personally store them to a hashmap or some other system to track the value pair and then loop through the hashmap (Key being username, value being password) using a .keySet() and then check for those values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T11:50:51.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8554" CreationDate="2014-05-12T12:16:54.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have six valid equivalence classes and four invalid equivalence classes. As Jeff says, there are 2 valid age classes and 3 valid claims classes, so in combination you've got six:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;0 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 25 AND number of claims = 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;26 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 100 AND number of claims = 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;0 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 25 AND number of claims = 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;26 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 100 AND number of claims = 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;0 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 25 AND 2 &amp;lt;= number of claims &amp;lt;= 10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;26 &amp;lt;= age &amp;lt;= 100 AND 2 &amp;lt;= number of claims &amp;lt;= 10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The invalid classes are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Age &amp;lt; 0 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Claims &amp;lt; 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Age &gt; 100&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Claims &gt; 10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A real-world test would include these as possible tests because each should trigger a different error (yes, this is outside the scope of the question): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invalid data entered for age.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invalid data entered for claims.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Too old to insure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Too risky to insure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T12:16:54.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8570" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-12T14:50:43.333" Score="6" ViewCount="7456" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking into the &lt;strong&gt;UI test automation options for hybrid apps (Cordova PhoneGap) on both iOS and Android&lt;/strong&gt;. So far I still struggle with finding any decent tool. I may consider proprietary product (TestDroid, SilkMobile, Ranorex or so..), but first I would really like evaluate available open-source toolset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yeah, there are many mobile testing frameworks already such as UIAutomator, Robotium, Espresso for Android, UIAutomation or KIF on iOS. Problem is those tools are closely bound to specific platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I favor idea of multiplatform tools such as Calabash, &lt;strong&gt;Appium, MonkeyTalk&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;The latter two seems to be most popular and feature-rich alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried them both, however, I found &lt;strong&gt;none of them mature enough&lt;/strong&gt;, each of them having a lot of &quot;infancy&quot; issues. Appium's concept is really nice but even now, with version 1.0, it is being struck down by poor documentation, outdated examples and some hybrid app issues (selendroid dependancy - there were reported issues with coordination between Appium and Selendroid API). It is simply painful to setup locally (and I cannot only depend on Sauce Labs as one needs to debug the tests locally).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MonkeyTalk seems more user friendly and better documented, though I experienced some issues as well (crashes, instrumentation failures) + some of the better features are not available for iOS (on-the-fly instrumentation..). The better equiped Pro version is still Beta after all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It seems there is no ultimate solution for hybrid apps automation as of yet.&lt;/strong&gt; The whole field of mobile testing looks still, surprisingly, undeveloped. While I favor the idea of having one tool for all mobile test automation, the most critical requirement is still &quot;to have a tool that offers best test automation capabilities for certain app&quot;. If this means I need to use two or even three different tools best suiting specific mobile platforms, so be it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I cannot be the only one here, trying to solve this dilemma, so I wonder what has your experience been in building the best possible infrastructure for testing mobile hybrid apps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Please no self-promotion of test automation tools vendors.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7581" LastActivityDate="2014-12-06T20:21:42.190" Title="Experiences with automation of hybrid mobile apps" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8571" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-12T16:33:57.610" Score="3" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;OK, first of all I'd like to give a quick summary of my position. I'm studying Computer science and I'm currently in third year and on a work placement. As part of my placement I am required to come up with a solution to automating their UI testing, which is currently a manual process. This is a completely new field to me.&#xA;I was giving several requirements, the main one being a non coding approach as our testers have no programming experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From googling around I concluded that a combination of Webdriver, Junit and Cucumber seemed to be the way forward. I spent quite a bit of time researching page objects and proper design. The idea was the testers could use Gherkin language to write tests, once the code was in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QA guys dismissed cucumber saying they've worked with it before and didn't like it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyhow, has anyone got any suggestions on tools I could use? I'm currently using Selenium IDE with some user-extentions for getting data dynamically. However, cross browser support is cumbersome as I have to re-write my user extension in Java when I export my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For mobile testing I was considering Appium as it offers a record and playback function. But this feature ain't yet available on windows.I also intend to look at Testdroid recorder which ain't free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool out their that will cover automated testing form mobile applications and websites that does not require much coding?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help, advice or recommendations greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7725" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T10:44:47.583" Title="Advice regarding a non-coding solution" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8571" CreationDate="2014-05-12T17:38:32.317" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you go down the 'doesnt require much coding' and/or 'record and replay' route then you'll end up disappointed. Going down the 'automate the UI' route is also likely to lead to disappointing results - if the company is starting automation then try to look beneath the GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion would be to read &lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/TheAWord&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The A-word&lt;/a&gt; and do some searching on Google for GUI test automation and the pitfalls and drawbacks to think about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T17:38:32.317" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-12T18:17:46.140" Score="2" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are a software company using VB.NET and ASP.NET heavily, and recently have tried to use Microsoft Ultimate to do automated testing, but ... it doesn't work for us.&#xA;We believe that we are doing something wrong, and we are looking for an expert that can guide us through the process.&#xA;Anybody can recommend an expert? Individual consultants or companies are OK.&#xA;Does anybody in Microsoft provide that support?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7726" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T22:55:50.717" Title="I need expert support for using MS testing tools for automated performance and functional testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8574" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8575" CreationDate="2014-05-12T18:19:16.837" Score="0" ViewCount="1160" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team has recently implemented automated build and deployment using Microsoft TFS and we're in the process of automating the functional tests for our application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we have a concern. We know that we can create the automation framework as a Console application project and as a Class library project where we call the classes and methods from a Unit Test project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the benefits of using a Unit Test project in order to achieve our goal of running the tests in automated fashion after an automated build and deployment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate your input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7266" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T20:02:53.020" Title="Unit Test project vs Console app project for Visual Studio Selenium automated test suite" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8574" CreationDate="2014-05-12T20:02:53.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably the biggest benefit you'd get from this is if you have the automated test routines linked to TFS Test Cases (managed in MS Test Manager). That will give you automatic reporting of your test cases via Microsoft's test harnesses, complete with results in the MS format (since I'm presuming you'd be running your tests via MSTest.exe)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a command line application you'd need to do all of that yourself through the TFS API which I can say from experience is not for the faint-hearted (but it can be done).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you don't do the full end-to-end linkage through TFS, using a unit test project rather than a console app gives you the more detailed logging and the &quot;automagic&quot; iteration through external data sources that you'd have to hard-wire in if you did it via a console app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T20:02:53.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8570" CreationDate="2014-05-12T20:54:05.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;eggPlant&lt;/a&gt; by TestPlant with success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can be used on pretty much any platform that you can remote into&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has a very good image compare solution with good flexibility/resiliency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have used this with great success on iOS, Android, Linux, Windows, Mac&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uses image compare&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uses a proprietary language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expensive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also used Appium, although it is, as you say, a bit underdeveloped.  However, the shop I currently work for are making good progress with Appium now on hybrid apps with iOS and Android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Free (as free as an economist would allow)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Well-supported&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nice coordination with Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Needs a bit more technical skill to get up and running&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also of note:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soasta.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOASTA&lt;/a&gt; and Perfecto Mobile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a note, I have worked at many high-performing companies, and have successfully implemented and supported automation efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7728" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T20:54:05.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8577" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-12T21:16:57.543" Score="5" ViewCount="1645" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the best solution to accommodate automated testing of web forms with code-behind (.NET 4.0)? Specifically, we need a solution that can automate web form testing and handle dynamic data such as database generated IDs across multiple posts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A little about us&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Team: 15 .NET developers, 10 database staff and 1 QC manager (zero QC staff other than manager). Tools Used: TFS, MSDN with Visual Studio Ultimate Tech Used: 99% of our huge codebase is web forms (with code behind/beside) with websites in .NET 4.0 (NOT WebAppProject, NOT MVC). 99% of our apps are dynamic in nature, very minimal static content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QC manager is new to our company but comes from previous employment where he had staff with detailed knowledge of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fitnesse.org/&lt;/a&gt;. We currently have some automated testing for common code that is manually built to assemblies (not using a build server), but as mentioned above the bulk of what we have is webforms. The web forms are tested manually using MS Word docs and screen shots of manually using the testing server website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7729" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-13T11:09:10.683" LastActivityDate="2014-05-21T20:52:52.077" Title="What tools work well for automating .NET 4.0 web sites using web forms with dynamic data?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8577" CreationDate="2014-05-12T22:19:02.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can share my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I initially do functional testing to understand the data flows, pre-requisites, dependencies. Based on this I try to come up with reusable data scripts. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;. If data need to be populated for last 2 days, the script would be like &lt;strong&gt;(getdate()-2, values)&lt;/strong&gt;. With this every time when you run you would get required data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Custom Store procs&lt;/strong&gt; - By having custom stored procs, limited set of web service calls to initialize the system, pre-requisites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt; - In a order processing system, order creation, updation, cancellation are different flows. For each one, the pre-requisite is (Order creation - No pre-prerequisite, updation - open order exists, cancellation - open order exists). This is an example to  identify options to initialize / load the initial data set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would suggest analyze workflows, DB states, Identify, isolate, develop and test scripts to reduce manual efforts, slowly this collection of scripts would help you arrive at a semi automated approach and provide better clarity for automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Take a Database snapshot of the test data setup&lt;/strong&gt;, Restore it every time and run your tests. This way it is one time setup and reuse it every time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For UI testing Telerik Test studio, Coded UI you must be aware of. My suggestion is automation evolves from scripts which eliminate repetitive manual tasks and reduce time for test execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2014-05-12T22:24:29.207" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T22:24:29.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8577" CreationDate="2014-05-12T22:35:38.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume your web application is for external customers (so your users can use web app in many browsers and operating systems outside of your control). Which is very interesting challenge - exactly what we are doing :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are excellently positioned to use new &lt;strong&gt;future W3C standard for browser automation,&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_%28software%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Webdriver&lt;/a&gt; (Se 2). (In a way, you future-proof your QA). It allows you to test your web based app in different browsers, even in parallel. You can avoid building your test farm (virtual machines running different operating systems and browsers) by renting one from cloud providers like SouceLabs. Selenium has bindings for many popular languages, including .NET (We use Python). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the language for your QA test don't have to be the same as your web app. I found Python &lt;strong&gt;much more productive&lt;/strong&gt; (as dynamically typed &quot;scripting&quot; language, compared to C# or Java) and speed cannot be a concern in QA. Your concern is &quot;speed to market&quot; to develop test, and design patterns (PageObject) to separate page logic and locators from test logic. In fact I know about Wall Street company using Ruby for QA testing their C++ app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fitnesse has similar approach as Selenium (and was part of Selenium1), but was using HTML tables to define tests. So your QC manager will feel at home with Selenium Webdriver (similar terminology, method names etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what would be best test runner for .NET, we use Jenkins (which is in Java), but we are Linux/Python shop as I said.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read up about PageObject and other best practices to use Selenium, google around or check &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-05-21T20:52:52.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8571" CreationDate="2014-05-12T22:57:12.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You do not mention which languages are acceptable and within reach of your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Record/replay from Selenium IDE (Selenium1) will be road to nowhere, IMHO.  You are 100% correct that Webdriver is the way of the future. You can get some leverage to sell that idea by mentioning that Webdriver is coming W3C standard to browser automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO the only scalable way is scripting, and Python is by far the simplest language to learn, and has excellent binding for Selenium - both Selenium1 and 2 (Webdriver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With one strong team lead developing page objects, rest of testers can use them to write tests and be pretty productive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T22:57:12.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8573" CreationDate="2014-05-12T23:19:45.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft has professional services who can help you get started if you want to go down that route.  You could bring in someone to help with Visual Load Testing and have part of the contract be teaching your staff and getting them up to speed.  I know for sure they do this for Visual Studio Load Testing and I'm pretty certain they have something similar for their functional testing with Coded UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Outside of that, I know plenty of people (myself included) who could probably help you get up and going, but having never gone through the process of hiring a consultant, I can't give you much direction there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-05-12T23:19:45.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-13T06:05:43.527" Score="0" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I directly apply load to a specific website by providing a URL without creating Vuser script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to do something like have 100 users per second access www.google.com with HP LoadRunner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7487" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-05-15T06:18:21.477" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T13:30:41.663" Title="Can I load test a publilc Web site without creating VUser script?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8589" CreationDate="2014-05-13T06:05:57.183" Score="0" ViewCount="6846" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a learner of selenium webdriver and now want to code using framework.I don't have a detailed picture of when to use what in above said tools.I do know that these are build,version,integration tools but want to know the order of usage.I would be so thankful If anybody gives explanation about what goes on in real time environment? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4789" LastEditorUserId="4789" LastEditDate="2014-05-13T06:21:14.040" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T12:16:58.630" Title="Significance of Maven,Svn,Jenkins in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8584" CreationDate="2014-05-13T07:54:07.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;SVN is a version control system, it is not the only one in the market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;version control systems are used during development and deployment to... control versioning of your source code, documentation or binaries. Ideally it is used throughout the development process from the first day of development to the day the product is retired (and sometimes even beyond that). Version control systems are always used in real environments (except for maybe in very small startups).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins is a continuous integration tool, you use it during development to verify that your builds are not broken by running unit tests- small, fast and independent tests usually written by the developers. Sometimes it is used as a &quot;plain&quot; test executioner. Developers should adapt themselves to using continuous integration, so it is not always used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T07:54:07.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8586" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-13T09:00:32.270" Score="1" ViewCount="358" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know how to fix the integration with Jira when you want to create an issue in Testlink?&#xA;I attached the screenshot below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NAveF.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshoot&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7730" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T17:11:51.093" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T17:11:51.093" Title="Integration of Jira with Testlink" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8563" CreationDate="2014-05-13T10:04:18.590" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/ErolSelitektay/test-link-jira-soap-integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;www.slideshare.net/ErolSelitektay/test-link-jira-soap-integration&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.fcoos.net/integrate-testlink-with-jira/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blogs.fcoos.net/integrate-testlink-with-jira/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;give steps on how to configure JIRA on your Teslink.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Before you start, ensure you have Testlink 1.9.5 or above and JIRA 5.2 or above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Link Screens involved:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jwlI6.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jwlI6.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XIFAL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XIFAL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The steps in the second link are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install and configure Testlink as per the documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create the project in the Testlink with relevant data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the creation of the project, then select the project, go to  Issue Tracker Management Under  Test Project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then create connector to the Bug tracking system. In our case it is  Jira.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the Issue tracker , give a suitable name.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For type, select  Jira (Interface: soap) as we are going to interact with Jira through its SOAP interface.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the configuration page  you need configure the XML as below:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-xml prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!– Template jirasoapInterface –&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;issuetracker&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;username&amp;gt;admin user name &amp;lt;/username&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;password&amp;gt;admin user password&amp;lt;/password&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;uribase&amp;gt;http://jira url &amp;lt;/uribase&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;uriwsdl&amp;gt;http://jira url/rpc/soap/jirasoapservice-v2?wsdl&amp;lt;/uriwsdl&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;uriview&amp;gt;http://jira url /browse/&amp;lt;/uriview&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;uricreate&amp;gt;http://jira url/secure/CreateIssue!default.jspa&amp;lt;/uricreate&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/issuetracker&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here  user account need to be  the admin user account you use with jira. Only admin accounts are able to interact with SOAP interface.I didn’t get success with other accounts.  You can get a sample XML file by clicking  ‘show configuration example’.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save this configuration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can test the Jira integration  by going to the test execution and  select a test case.  That will give the Bug Management Option and through that you can add the relevant Jira Bug ID and access the Jira Bugs directly from the  Testlink window.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T09:34:48.257" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:34:48.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8577" CreationDate="2014-05-13T11:38:43.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot depends on what you want the front-end automation to do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that you've got a lot of web forms with code behind, I'd honestly consider starting with the unit test framework built into Visual Studio, and using that to test the data handling (I'd recommend taking a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://channel9.msdn.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Channel9's TechEd&lt;/a&gt; videos for an idea of what you can do with Visual Studio for testing - they're excellent starting points). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For functional testing of web site front ends, you've got multiple options. The database-generated IDs complicates things a little, but can be worked with - if you know the naming pattern or have some other combination of attributes you can use to find the fields you want, you can work with it with any tool. The big caveat here is that you say you have no test specialists other than the manager - the manager is unlikely to have the time to build an automation framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I'd handle things in your situation as I understand it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work with the developers to get unit tests exercising all the code-behind routines.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use something that's either free or in-house available to build basic UI tests - my choice here would probably be either &lt;strong&gt;Selenium 2&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;CodedUI&lt;/strong&gt; - both are code-focused and both are close enough to unit tests that the developers could write the tests with the input of the test manager. These would be as cross-browser as possible (CodedUI runs on multiple browsers but unless you work with a &lt;a href=&quot;http://codeduicodefirst.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;code first solution&lt;/a&gt; you need to create the tests with IE).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leave the look and feel testing to be done manually. Humans do this kind of testing better than computers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a summary of some tools that could be used (mostly the tools I've used or know about):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium - This is free, open source, and has a large user community. Multiple languages are supported. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Microsoft CodedUI - This isn't free, but your developer licensing already gives you full access to use this solution. Given the dynamic nature of your sites, I'd recommend you extend with something like the Code First solution. If you're using TFS for issue management and test plan management, you've got integration automagically built in. CodedUI tests can be written with VB or C#.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HP Quick Test Professional - This is very much not free, but the tool has an extremely large user base. I haven't used it myself, so I don't know how well it adapts to dynamic web content. The only language supported is VB Script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SmartBear TestComplete - Another non-free product (but substantially less expensive than QTP). I've used this one extensively, and it can be used with dynamically generated web forms if you're prepared to do a bit of extra work with it. Unlike QTP, TestComplete supports script flavors of multiple languages so if your code behind is C# you could use a script version to build tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AutomationAnywhere TestAnywhere - This is an image-based product that will take screencaps of fields and uses a proprietary script-like language to build and run tests. I doubt it would deal well with your scenario as I found it extremely difficult to work with elements other than the ID to identify fields.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T11:38:43.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8584" CreationDate="2014-05-13T11:57:24.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tools you name are used during different steps in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development_process&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SDLC&lt;/a&gt;, they can be replaced by other alternative tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example (partial) development life cycle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Programming -&gt; Check-in to version control -&gt; Schedule build and run build -&gt; Run automated test against build -&gt; Report failing tests/builds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Check-in to version control&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After developers are finished with development they Check-In the code into a version control system, this to keep a history of all the changes.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subversion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SVNs&lt;/a&gt; relation to Selenium testing is that you want to test against the latest version of the application. &#xA;Also its advisable to keep the test-code close to the application code and I would version it in the same repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Schedule build and run build&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The build-server / continuous integration server monitors the version control, checks out any changes and schedules a build against this version.&#xA;Relation to Selenium testing is that &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; can prepare the application and set it up in such a state that you can run the tests against it.&#xA;Its possible to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt; as a tool to automate the building,integrating and or setup of the application instead of using shell scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Run automated test against build&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the build is OK, the build-server checks out and starts the Selenium tests.&#xA;Maven can be used to build and start tool that is fired by Jenkins to trigger the test start&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Report failing tests/builds&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The build-server reports any failing tests in its main overview or sends out e-mail to the person who broke or monitors the build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternative tools&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_build_automation_software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Build-tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Build-servers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_revision_control_software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Version control systems&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-05-13T12:16:58.630" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T12:16:58.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8590" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8602" CreationDate="2014-05-13T12:17:25.283" Score="0" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am recording web application with an readonly field in it, using &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;I want to edit the read only field or change the value of it using jmeter and run the test case. Can this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T08:17:54.430" Title="Editing readonly field in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8583" CreationDate="2014-05-13T12:47:34.893" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is several issues here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing a random website is essentially, and can be looked upon as (both legally and ethically speaking) a DOS attack. This can cause you a lot of problems. Also, IIRC Google has built in capabilities to limit such activities from a single IP. I &lt;strong&gt;STRONGLY&lt;/strong&gt; suggest against doing this without prior permission from the owner of the website &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VUsers are what tells the script what to do and is how they control things like the amount of consecutive users. From what it sounds like, you are trying to learn how to use LoadRunner and analyze results. VUsers are what their name says, virtual users. If the website has 0 users than it has 0 load. The same applies to LoadRunner.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some suggestions, if you are trying to learn LoadRunner, set up a basic, locally hosted website. Add some code in that will create choke points in different sections of your code. This works better if someone else creates the choke points or if the choke points are being randomly injected into the code. Creating the VUsers with the record functionality will be extremely simple and easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To go into more detail about randomly injecting choke points, in case you don't have someone to assist you with the code. Create an array of all of the points you want to access. Have the array randomly select one and store it while the server is active. At the end of each call, have it access a function using something like (This is in Java):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (webPageName.equals(randomlySelectedPage)) {&#xA;     try {&#xA;        java.util.Random rand = new java.util.Random();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(rand.nextInt(1000));&#xA;    } catch (InterruptedException ex) {&#xA;        Logger.getLogger(randomChecking.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will add a random pause only into the randomly selected page and you have to discover where it is. If you want to make a game out of it, have it pop up a GUI where you have to enter in the page you think it is and it can monitor your &quot;Win&quot; percentage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-05-15T13:30:41.663" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T13:30:41.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6745" CreationDate="2014-05-13T15:22:21.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of areas that you will have to understand and provide focus in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the Purpose of the API that you are testing. What is it for? How is this going to be used? Answering these questions should provide you with test ideas related to your context.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here are Sample Test ideas based on my personal experience in testing:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input Data &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;where is your data coming from? a database, another api, etc.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data/Application Logic&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is the Data Parsed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a required schema or format so the data can be parsed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is the parsed data stored?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the data need further &quot;massaging&quot; for the output?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Output&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the API endpoints?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the value types for each endpoint (string, integer, etc.)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What determines the correctness of the value in each endpoint?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the API protocol that's used? (REST, SOAP, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delivery&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there special rules regarding account access? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there usage limits?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a bunch of tools that you can use. Various &lt;a href=&quot;http://restforchrome.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chrome&lt;/a&gt; and firefox plugins will make your life easier when it comes to functional testing. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOAPUI&lt;/a&gt; is a pretty handy desktop client as well. If you are handy with a programming language, &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rmccue/Requests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PHP&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.1.1/libdoc/net/http/rdoc/Net/HTTP.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ruby&lt;/a&gt; has really easy to use REST API libraries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mocking is also a way to minimize dependencies, but this can get out of hand if not used properly. I've always liked using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mocky.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mocky.io&lt;/a&gt; so I can start writing tests even before the developers are done with the code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="57" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T00:19:31.907" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T00:19:31.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1928" CreationDate="2014-05-13T15:31:44.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the record, I had similar problem in IE9/Python. That's what worked for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;if driver.title == 'Certificate Error: Navigation Blocked':&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click();&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that code above is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; trying to find 'override' element and click on the link (it failed) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; trying to execute javascript via driver.execute() method (it failed too)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sneaks JS to be executed via driver.get() method, and detects (using title) if it needs to be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-05-13T15:31:44.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8595" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8616" CreationDate="2014-05-13T19:21:15.187" Score="0" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm building an application at the moment and something I want to do is document input validation rules and system/error messaging in a readable format so that it can be used for SIT/UAT etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I'm just using an excel table along the lines of the following which doesn't seem ideal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Form  |  Section  |  Field Name  |  Rule  |  Valid Data  |  Message&#xA;&#xA;Checkout | Personal Details | First Name | Required | - | Please enter your first name&#xA;Checkout | Personal Details | First Name | Format | A-Z,a-z,-,' | Please limit your name to valid characters (A-Z,a-z,-,')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any standards or good examples for documenting validation rules and system/error messaging?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7734" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T12:00:56.243" Title="Standards for documenting input validation rules &amp; system/error messages?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8570" CreationDate="2014-05-14T05:51:39.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to use Appium for automating cordova based apps on iOS and Android.&#xA;Till now i have achieved no success at all. &#xA;On Android: I am able to launch the app using Appium but the moment I am trying to switch to WEBVIEW it fails will exception: Not yet implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On iOS 7.1 The App Launch itself fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7739" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T05:51:39.273" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8599" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8604" CreationDate="2014-05-14T06:31:30.880" Score="3" ViewCount="2791" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question might have been asked already but none of them really relate to real-time  scenarios in testing industry (when you are seated and need to execute test cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I have got one module to write test cases on it and then execute them. Similarly I write test cases for another module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dev sends these modules to me on different qa environments to test. For example, Module1 on &lt;code&gt;qaserver1&lt;/code&gt; and module2 on &lt;code&gt;qaserver2&lt;/code&gt;. Once both modules pass testing I test them together on the staging server. This is integration testing i.e. we are testing that on integrating both modules they are working fine, TOGETHER.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, next phase of testing comes which is system testing --- what is SYSTEM TESTING, how are test cases for SYSTEM TESTING are different than usual test cases. I mean what we do, we execute the same test cases those we wrote for modules. We do not write separate test cases for system testing. Why do we need to write separate test cases, and how they are different from UNIT test cases (module1 test cases and module2 test cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-14T10:52:37.277" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T14:40:11.830" Title="Difference between two phases of STLC, Integration testing and System testing" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8599" CreationDate="2014-05-14T08:07:01.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;mainly here you need to write new test cases which are care for data base integration between the two modules, and you have to notice if any changes made on &quot;module 1 &quot; could affect       &quot; module 2&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the most important thing to notice here is the data cycle, BIG QUESTION you should know its answer  &quot; does data from module 1 used in module 2 or the other way around? and if it must, does it&#xA;stored correctly?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that's my point of view for merging, hope it was helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6336" LastEditorUserId="6336" LastEditDate="2014-05-14T08:38:20.297" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T08:38:20.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8601" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8671" CreationDate="2014-05-14T08:12:37.220" Score="4" ViewCount="10207" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to test the behavior of my app in case of slow network. Can Charles Proxy do it? please give me some guidance.&#xA;Many thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7099" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:35:02.457" Title="Using Charles Proxy to test mobile app network" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8590" CreationDate="2014-05-14T08:17:54.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_input_readonly.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML  readonly Attribute&lt;/a&gt; guide &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The readonly attribute can be set to keep a user from changing the value until some other conditions have been met (like selecting a checkbox, etc.). Then, a JavaScript can remove the readonly value, and make the input field editable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter neither parses HTML nor executes JavaScript, it acts on a protocol level. So just record your use case via &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeters-superpower-http-proxy-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter HTTP Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt;, determine how the input is being passed in HTTP Request (I bet it will be a POST request) and change it's value in recorded sampler.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T08:17:54.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8570" CreationDate="2014-05-14T10:13:00.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to use Calabash if you are talking about open-source frameworks. Calabash develops faster and better than Appium, IMHO. Also, Xamarin cloud is available. Calabash has powerfull documentation and community as same as Appium but I don't have experience with proprietary tools because open-source tool is enough for me at the moment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I am agree with you that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;there is no ultimate solution for hybrid apps automation as of yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T10:13:00.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8599" CreationDate="2014-05-14T11:15:34.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is System Testing? End to end testing of the application to ensure application behavior is in compliance with the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is it different from Integration Testing? If you only have a couple of modules then there's no difference as the unit and integration tests would cover everything. But if you have several modules then things will be different. Consider a situation where I have 10 different modules. I run unit tests on each of them. Then I run integration on the inter-related/inter-dependent modules(say mod2 depends on mod1, mod3 and mod4 on mod2 and so on). In this case I wont be testing integration on say mod1 and mod10 since they are independent of each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now comes System testing. In system testing you sort of take a couple of steps back so as to able to see the bigger picture. Here you are concerned with the functioning of the application as a complete system with no rusty/missing parts in between. Here you might find that even though mod1 and mod10 are not directly dependent on each other, they are indirectly so. Say mod1 passes its output to mod2 which uses it and then passes its own output to mod3 and so on, making mod1 and other mods indirectly dependednt on each other. Its only here that you might find scenarios that you couldn't have guessed earlier. This is also the stage where you spend a lot of time Re-Testing and Regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you need to write separate test cases for System Testing? Depends. Like I said, with fewer modules the line between Integration and System testing blurs. With several modules you will have to come with broader scenarios eg. mod1 is for logging in, mod2 is for taking text input from user, mod3 is for saving it in the DB, mod4 and mod5 do blah blah, mod6 allows user to print data from DB in a file. A typical System testing test case would be-&quot;Verify whether user can print data to a file&quot;. This test case would cover both the unit(mod1,2,3), Integration(mods1&amp;amp;2, mods2&amp;amp;3, mods3&amp;amp;6) test cases, but by the time you start System testing you will have already created and executed the Unit and Integration test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T11:15:34.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8599" CreationDate="2014-05-14T11:34:39.450" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's my perspective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;tests a single unit - usually at the routine level (that is, only one unit of code such as a function is tested). Unit tests are typically code-based, written by developers, and executed whenever the application is compiled or built.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Module Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;tests a single chunk of functionality &lt;em&gt;in isolation&lt;/em&gt;, such as testing the features of a single page in a web application. This sounds like what you're calling unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;tests that newly added/modified features work in the context of the application. This is very similar to module testing, but can be a bit larger in scope, such as when you're testing two modules interacting. I've also seen this level called feature testing. I personally consider it feature testing when tests are covering whether the feature works as it should, and integration testing when tests are checking whether the feature was properly integrated into the system and all the required changes are present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;tests end-to-end flow through the entire application, including data storage, the impact of new features on existing features (things like making sure that a new data type is handled in other places it can be used, that data isn't lost when moving between the new features and existing features, and so forth), and the overall look and feel of new features (particularly whether the look and feel works for new users and whether it fits the rest of the application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's quite a bit of overlap between all classes of testing because the main difference is the &lt;em&gt;scope&lt;/em&gt; of the testing. I've seen any tests written by a developer to be run at compile-time be considered unit tests even though they exercise multiple routines within the code. In my opinion, it doesn't really matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It helps to know what the usual definitions are, but ultimately the goal is to learn as much about how the application behaves with the new features as you can in the time you have. If classifying your tests by scope helps with this, then do it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your second question, why do you need to write separate tests for the highest level of testing, the reason to write separate tests is that you are looking for different information. At the lower levels you are looking at how the new feature works in isolation. At higher levels you're looking at how information flows through the application and how it's stored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example: testing a web store&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider a web store application. Here are some examples of the kinds of things that would be tested at each level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Unit Tests&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typical unit tests might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calling the AddToCart routine and verifying that the items have been added in the given quantity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calling the CalculateTotal routine for a known set of items in a shopping cart and verifying that the total matches the expected result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calling the RetrieveItems routine and verifying that the list of items returned matches what it should  be (if this is run against a database containing the item list, it could be considered a module test or integration test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They're all testing a single discrete function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Module Tests&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typical module tests might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Opening the product list page and checking that all the products you expect are on the list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checking that each product allows you to enter a quantity and add it to the shopping cart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checking that all the information you expect to see about each product is displayed in the format it should be displayed in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checking that everything that should be in a shopping cart is displayed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, you're focusing on one small chunk of function and don't really care where the data comes from or how it got to the page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typical integration tests might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entering different quantities of items on the list page, then adding them to the shopping cart and checking that the shopping cart displays those items.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modifying the quantities of items in the shopping cart then selecting Checkout and verifying that the total you're being charged matches the total shown by the shopping cart after you'd modified the items in it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're still working more or less in isolation, but you're dealing with the communication between two or more modules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;System Testing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests I'd be running here would be things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cancel sale&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browse items and make some selections, then add them to my shopping cart. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the database to make sure my selection is stored as a temporary/potential order. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit my shopping cart. Check that my changes are saved to the database. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cancel my order. Check that the database throws away my selection.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complete sale as a known customer&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browse items and make some selections, then add them to my shopping cart. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the database and make sure my selection is stored as a temporary order. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log on to the web store. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check that my temporary order in the database is updated with my customer details.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select check out. Make sure that my saved payment information is pre-loaded and selected by default. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the default payment option and complete the purchase. Check that my order is updated to be a real order and flagged as unfulfilled. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I'm testing the process from beginning to end and making sure that each part does what I expect it to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T11:34:39.450" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8599" CreationDate="2014-05-14T14:40:11.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia has good articles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_integration_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Difference is IMHO very subtle if any. Integration is testing interaction between modules (so few modules not under testing might be replaced by test doubles). In system testing, there is no such substitutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T14:40:11.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8607" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-14T19:14:04.973" Score="0" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on migrating from a 14 year old in-house bug tracker to MantisBT. I see the new bug tracker as a way to get more organized about our dev, QA, and project management processes. Ideally, I would like to migrate all our old bugs into a single Mantis project (For example, a project titled 'Legacy items'), and start fresh with new projects and only move over the most recent items from the legacy items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, now that I am getting pushback from my coworkers to modify Mantis to look and behave more like our old bug tracker, I don't see the point of migrating as I feel that our processes will not change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I push back myself to start somewhat completely fresh with Mantis? What would be the best rationale?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best accepted practice when migrating bug trackers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to deal with a coworker who's main objection is that they can't see a list of items that have changed in a project by version number by release instead of by individual build (Even though Mantis comes with a Change log which is essentially the same thing)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6025" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T15:01:15.647" Title="Best practice when migrating bug trackers" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;work-place&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8607" CreationDate="2014-05-14T19:34:51.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I see something like this I start to think &quot;it depends&quot; on many things.  What are your expectations for the migration?  What are your coworkers expectations?  Do they mesh?  What is your intent going forward?  It's hard to really say what the best practice is, without really know what you hope to achieve with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience in this area has been:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I migrated because the old system did not allow me to do X, where X was a feature or process that I could not live without going forward either due to the projects we were doing or the Testing/Tracking I was doing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Migrating usually means a new interface, and perhaps there is pushback because what you are giving your coworkers is more complex, it no longer meshes with their workflow so they want what did work before.  Can you adjust it to mesh and still have a cool new tool?  Probably if you have a configurable system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I have done migrations I have done them as either A) An entirely new system, forget all that old debt, we don't want it anymore!  or as B) This new system gives us a whole lot of capabilities, but we still want to be able to review the older defects for tracking or reporting or historical reasons.  So I put in what was necessary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did you train?  Obviously this is a new system, either your coworker is unaware of how to get what he wants, or is unable to customize his view to get what he wants, maybe you can show him?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically I have two goals when moving to a new system in Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am improving the process, procedures or reporting in some way and this new tool gives it to me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have buy-in from everyone concerned, and if they have concerns I get them ahead of time and make sure the new system can handle those issues, or if it cannot find how to meet my &quot;customers&quot; halfway.  They give a little, and so do I.  After all, every other group was a customer of mine and I needed to keep them happy, so I had their buy-in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-05-14T19:34:51.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8577" CreationDate="2014-05-15T08:53:32.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you're using Visual Studio Ultimate the best option would be using &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182538%28v=vs.90%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web Test&lt;/a&gt; project type, it can easily handle dynamic stuff and can be converted to &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182594.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Load Test&lt;/a&gt; if necessary. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you need browser-based testing, the best choice would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Webdriver&lt;/a&gt; which has .NET/C# client binding. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If options 1 and/or 2 for some reasons are unsuitable you can look into Apache JMeter testing solution. It has capability to do correlation (extract and reuse dynamic parameters), provides necessary Assertions and can be used either for single-threaded functional testing acting pretty much like &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/115022-how-to-make-jmeter-behave-more-like-a-real-browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a real browser&lt;/a&gt; or can be utilized to create a load test to identify application bottlenecks. &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/aspnet-login-testing-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ASP.NET Login Testing with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide seems to be the best place to get started with. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T08:53:32.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8607" CreationDate="2014-05-15T11:18:06.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have a good answer about best practices, but can share some experience-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An in house bug tracker was replaced by another in house bug tracker. the new tool was totally redesigned from the floor up. During the transition we made an effort to close most of the old bugs, the important once were migrated and the less important once were left at the old tracker, soon after the old tracker became read only until it was taken down about a year later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another project migrated from Trac to Jira, the entire database was (slowly) migrated.&#xA;The entire look and workflow were redesigned and reviewed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thoughts ? this could be a good opportunity to look back and discuss the pros and cons of your process, user interface, the information included in bug reports, reports etc.&#xA;Work from the top down- start by convincing your management first and get their support, and then ask your colleagues for their inputs, this might help with getting more productive inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T11:18:06.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8617" CreationDate="2014-05-15T11:44:13.983" Score="2" ViewCount="3444" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our application SLA is to send 25,000 emails per hour. We use AWS SES, so use success simulates email provided by AWS SES as in here instead of sending actual emails:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/ses/latest/DeveloperGuide/mailbox-simulator.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/ses/latest/DeveloperGuide/mailbox-simulator.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do we have any best way to do load testing other than this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7750" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-03T07:38:00.037" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T07:38:00.037" Title="What is the best way to do load test Emails?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8595" CreationDate="2014-05-15T12:00:56.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Excel or a database &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; have the benefit of being available for use in automated test cases down the road, from which you can pull expected values.  Added to source control or posted to a sharepoint site for easy transfer within the proper audience, this is a flexible and useful way to document these expected messages.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you're looking for alternatives, you could always set the message, rule, and other pertinent information in the test case itself as a parameter row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6351" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T12:00:56.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8615" CreationDate="2014-05-15T14:41:15.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Load testing is typically a traffic consumption problem, i.e. determining how much traffic your server can &lt;em&gt;process&lt;/em&gt;.  Your brief description seems to describe the opposite problem: determining how much traffic your application can &lt;em&gt;generate&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you proceed may depend on your goals and your budget.  The easiest test would be to measure how long it takes for your application to send 25000 emails to a single address.  I assume you asked the question because you already ruled that out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your budget is limited, you might break the problem into two parts: (1) measuring how many queued emails Amazon SES can process, and (2) measuring how many email requests you can send to Amazon SES.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Amazon probably makes claims about how quickly they can send emails.  You can trust their claims, or you can measure that for yourself.  Either way, your testing approach should reflect that you do not need to test Amazon SES's performance every time you change your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on how you structure your application, you might choose to decompose the part (2) further.  For example, the process that decides that an email needs to be sent might write that information to a queue, and a separate process might read the queue and send the request to Amazon SES.  You might benefit by measuring the performance of those processes separately.  Moreover, if it is possible that the queue-reading process is non-linear (e.g. because it sorts the queue entries first), or has problems scaling (e.g. because it reads the entire queue into memory), you might also want to measure how quickly the queue-reading process can compose an email, and then separately measure how quickly the queue-reading process can send emails.  The latter measurement might lead to decisions about whether to use an API that can queue multiple emails to Amazon SES simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T14:41:15.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8607" CreationDate="2014-05-15T15:01:15.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Several tips based on experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First, design your new process for bug tracking. Then, adapt the new&#xA;tool to implement that process. It's fine to keep the old process,&#xA;but this is a good opportunity to tweak/improve since you are&#xA;changing anyway. Involved a few people from various roles (dev, test,&#xA;PM, leadership) to get all points of view.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take this opportunity to clean out old bugs. You may have 14 year old bugs that haven't been&#xA;worth-while fixing. No need to migrate those.  Invest some time in&#xA;cleaning up the old list of legacy bugs.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be bold with the change. &#xA;Not everyone will be 100% happy, but if they have ways to get the&#xA;information (like you described), then they will adapt.  Don't let a&#xA;few minor glitches get in the way of the big change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-05-15T15:01:15.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8619" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-15T16:47:05.037" Score="1" ViewCount="26147" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DUKbP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See how the dynamic message displays in the browser. I am adding a name in a text field and clicking save button. After clicking save, a message displays as New Staff added or Staff Name already exists!. I want to get the content of the message. Based on the content I want to proceed with my testcase or end it. How can this be done using selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-16T14:23:35.727" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T06:27:14.527" Title="How do I get dynamic div content in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8621" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8627" CreationDate="2014-05-16T13:42:05.763" Score="0" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know about the validation that a component or a text field a website should have.&#xA;Please let me know the list of things that are needed to be tested in a text box (password, email id, search box etc...) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7699" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-05-18T20:15:59.017" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T20:15:59.017" Title="What and how to test in a Web site?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-05-21T15:42:35.047" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-16T14:30:26.653" Score="0" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;While looking up for unit testing for Android applications, I came across a lot of voices over how it is difficult to test-unit an Android app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependency issue - why is this a problem for unit-testing in Android?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be &quot;dependent&quot; in this case that testing is impossible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String getName()&#xA;{&#xA;    mName = &quot;Android&quot;;&#xA;    return mName;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this be hard to unit-test? If so, why? Is it because it &quot;depends&quot; on &lt;code&gt;String&lt;/code&gt; class? But why can't it depend on &lt;code&gt;String&lt;/code&gt; class as far as unit-testing is concerned? If my sample above and my understanding is off, please correct me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another issue I heard is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;the android.jar is not on the machine! It's on the emulator, that's why it makes unit-testing on Android a living hell!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, why would it be a living hell if it is installed on the emulator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another issue I hear the most is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;Activity&lt;/code&gt; class. Some say it is a view, some say it is a controller because it handles creation of objects, too. That's why this is an issue. But I don't get it at all. Why would this cause problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing I am trying to get my head around is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why in both Android and Java they need to &quot;mock&quot; a class to unit-test? Why? In &lt;code&gt;Objective-C&lt;/code&gt; for example, I have never heard of a need such as this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7410" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-14T05:18:23.980" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T21:31:50.320" Title="Android / Java Unit-Testing Clarification" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-16T16:24:28.530" Score="3" ViewCount="17293" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are stubs and drivers in integration testing and when and how are they used?I know it comes under top down and bottom up approach respectively but I would like to have a real technology scenario for understanding it more clearly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7754" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T08:21:58.260" Title="Stubs and drivers in integration testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8623" CreationDate="2014-05-16T17:01:34.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Martin Fowler has excellent summary of &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestDouble.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Doubles&lt;/a&gt; terminology:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dummy objects are passed around but never actually used. Usually they are just used to fill parameter lists.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fake objects actually have working implementations, but usually take some shortcut which makes them not suitable for production (an InMemoryTestDatabase is a good example).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stubs provide canned answers to calls made during the test, usually not responding at all to anything outside what's programmed in for the test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spies are stubs that also record some information based on how they were called. One form of this might be an email service that records how many messages it was sent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mocks are pre-programmed with expectations which form a specification of the calls they are expected to receive. They can throw an exception if they receive a call they don't expect and are checked during verification to ensure they got all the calls they were expecting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on book &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunitpatterns.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://xunitpatterns.com/&lt;/a&gt; : &lt;a href=&quot;http://xunitpatterns.com/Test%20Double.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://xunitpatterns.com/Test%20Double.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T17:01:34.373" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8619" CreationDate="2014-05-16T17:34:01.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In chrome, when you manually go through that process, when the message pops up, right click and choose &quot;Inspect Element&quot;.  This will show you the element in the DOM.  Then in your automation code you just create the element and check whether it is displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T17:34:01.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8621" CreationDate="2014-05-16T17:36:42.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is very broad, its more like how do I test in general?&#xA;(If you are new with testing I suggest read up on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; or take a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=software%20testing%20training&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Training&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say your website was a car, what are the most important (must test) features on a car?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That it starts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That the breaks work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That warnings lights work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can go wrong&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you hit a wall&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run out of gas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Riding on a soft road&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What things do you need to verify at minimum before we send the car out to its users?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you should be able to come up with requirements for your website and its input fields. For websites the most important thing is what the users want to accomplish &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techopedia.com/definition/7035/end-to-end-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;end-to-end&lt;/a&gt; and that it works on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_stats.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the most commonly used browsers&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a blogpost to get you started on the input fields: &lt;a href=&quot;http://test-givethebest.blogspot.nl/2011/08/test-give-best-input-data-validation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://test-givethebest.blogspot.nl/2011/08/test-give-best-input-data-validation.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T17:36:42.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8621" CreationDate="2014-05-16T19:27:21.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Far too broad to give you a specific answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these might help, and might help you narrow your question down a bit:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-strings.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-strings.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Test%20Data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Test%20Data&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T19:27:21.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8623" CreationDate="2014-05-16T19:30:30.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Driver&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;A software component or test tool that replaces a component that takes care of the control and/or the calling of a component or system.  [ISTQB] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stub&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;A skeletal or special-purpose implementation of a software component, used to develop or test a component that calls or is otherwise dependent on it.  It replaces a called component. [IEEE]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T19:30:30.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8629" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-16T19:46:25.653" Score="0" ViewCount="1292" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to functional test some code that is dependent on reading the client date, and I want to validate that it does so correctly. Locally, I can change my system date using Java and run the test using Selenium, but I want to run my tests with RemoteWebDriver. Is there some way I can change the date on the client system? If not, can I spoof the date somehow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T11:38:14.967" Title="Using remoteWebDriver, can I change the time on the executing system?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-06-14T05:06:39.907" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8629" CreationDate="2014-05-16T21:34:48.830" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In short the answer is no, because the webDriver is exactly that. It drives a browser. It does not know how to communicate with the system level APIs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I go into something that could help you, I'd like to point out that if your Selenium test is so specific that it requires the system date to change then that is a major 'test smell' to me. If it is possible then I would consider automating that with a 'unit' or 'integration' test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have access to the source code and you absolutely must automate this test with Selenium then you can look into a Java library that allows you to run a shell command. I don't know what operating system you're running otherwise I'd point you to something specific, but I'd recommend googling &quot;How to change date on remote  machine with Java&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7755" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T21:34:48.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8601" CreationDate="2014-05-16T22:15:56.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Charles proxy can do it, there are a number of other software and hardware solutions that give you control over network bandwidth and other network behavior such as packet loss, latency, etc.  You can search for &quot;WAN Simulator&quot; to find some of them.  If all you're doing is simulating a low bandwidth connection, like a 56k modem or something then Charles Proxy is probably fine for your needs.  If you want to simulate traffic to your site hosted in the US from someone in China, then I would suggest going with one of the more full featured software or hardware solutions that gives you more control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-05-16T22:15:56.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2014-05-17T02:02:31.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just got done working on a prototype project that is supposed to handle exactly this kind of situation.   It is written in C#, so it currently only works for the .NET release of Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It utilizes BrowserMob, a popular open source proxy, to perform the authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/seleniumbasicauthwrapper/?source=navbar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeleniumBasicAuthWrapper&lt;/a&gt; Hope it helps! It is still a work in progress, but hopefully we'll get any kinks or defects ironed out in the near future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7757" LastActivityDate="2014-05-17T02:02:31.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8636" CreationDate="2014-05-17T20:57:22.520" Score="0" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;I' giving a presentation about this paper: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.st.cs.uni-saarland.de/publications/files/fraser-tse-2011.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.st.cs.uni-saarland.de/publications/files/fraser-tse-2011.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Unfortunately I don't understand 2 things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On &lt;strong&gt;page 9&lt;/strong&gt; table 1: Where are these mutants from? This table summarizes classes of the example projects and it's about to automatically generate mutants. But why there already are mutants listed in this table?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On &lt;strong&gt;page 10&lt;/strong&gt; there are 2 figures (6 and 7): I don't really understand what they illustrate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you very much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user4838" LastEditorDisplayName="user4838" LastEditDate="2014-05-18T12:31:58.667" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T12:31:58.667" Title="Mutation-testing generation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-05-20T22:15:38.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8634" CreationDate="2014-05-18T05:20:24.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rectangle is called box plot. For more details see wikipedia.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7766" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T05:20:24.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8623" CreationDate="2014-05-18T08:58:59.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.ie/2008/06/tott-friends-you-can-depend-on.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;That's what Google's tester have to say about it&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They talk about dummy values being passed to satisfy API requirements, stubs that replace real objects but returns hard coded values and smarter objects like mocks and spies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2014-05-19T08:21:58.260" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T08:21:58.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8638" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-18T10:50:07.553" Score="2" ViewCount="2167" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone tell me which is the best tool to use for web site testing? Sahi or Selenium Web driver. Am using windows OS in PC. At present Testing of both Desktop and Mobile Site in Manual. Trying to jump automation. Pls assist in this regard. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7767" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T10:44:26.423" Title="Selenium Webdriver or Sahi which is best for website/mobile site testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-10-14T20:02:39.370" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8623" CreationDate="2014-05-18T11:51:05.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Others have given excellent definitions. I will try to give an example then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you have an online shop. The shop has at least two tiers: frontend (GUI) and backend. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to control and verify behaviour of the system on two levels: frontend or backend. On a frontend level you would replace an end-user with a &lt;strong&gt;driver&lt;/strong&gt; that would send requests to the shop Web site. Possible technology would be WebDriver (previously called Selenium), which makes me even clearer why they called this technology this way. On the backend level you would replace frontend with &lt;strong&gt;another driver&lt;/strong&gt; that would call backend services directly. For instance, if your backend exposes REST API, the driver would be some REST client, for instance Jersey or Apache HTTP client in Java world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We haven't discussed a &lt;strong&gt;stub&lt;/strong&gt; yet. Imagine the shop relies on some third part services responsible for credit card transactions, e.g., MasterCard or PayPal. It would be quite expensive to perform all of the tests with their services involved. Therefore, you can replace PayPal service with a &lt;strong&gt;stub&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e, &lt;em&gt;mock&lt;/em&gt; it. If PayPal service exposes SOAP interface, a possible implementation would be to create a fake SOAP Web service that could handle requests coming from the shop backend and respond with fake responses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, for the above illustration I treated a &lt;strong&gt;mock&lt;/strong&gt; and a &lt;strong&gt;stub&lt;/strong&gt; patterns as same thing, neglecting a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3459287/whats-the-difference-between-a-mock-stub&quot;&gt;slight difference&lt;/a&gt; between them. The difference is about whether responses of a stub/mock are hardcoded (stub?) and predetermined or rather configurable within your test (mock?). I never remember which is for mock and which for stub. And I really don't care much as there are situations where both approaches can be mixed together, e.g., you may record some of stub/mock requests and responses (e.g., hardcoded SOAP messages), but make configurable only part of them, e.g., transaction balance number.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T12:17:33.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8642" CreationDate="2014-05-18T14:58:20.443" Score="4" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are in the process of developing an in-house testing solution that is tailored to our applications. As of right now when you add a new test case to a plan you must choose the prerequisite steps, and then enter the steps, along with the additional details. My question is when creating a new test set should we ask if the cases within the set are meant to be stand-alone (requiring a log in, and log out after each case so the next case can execute), or just assume that all tests sets are developed to be run sequentially with no prerequisites necessary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7769" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T07:22:35.083" Title="Are test set cases always meant to be run in succession?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8640" CreationDate="2014-05-18T16:21:59.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are pros and cons of running tests in a sequence. I understood you ask in a context of automation, not manual execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Execution time can take shorter&lt;/strong&gt;, because previous test sets prerequisites for the next one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Harder to run in parallel&lt;/strong&gt;. If you have a sequence of tests that depends on each other, you cannot run them in parallel. You can only run the whole sequence in parallel to other sequences of tests, assuming that sequences are independent each other.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limited feedback in case of test failure&lt;/strong&gt;. When executing a tests in a sequence, the strategy is to skip tests that follow a failing one. So if your sequence is long, and one of initial tests fails, then you will loose significant amount of feedback, because lots of your tests will be skipped. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Harder to maintain&lt;/strong&gt;. What if one of the tests in a sequence verifies a feature that no longer exists in the product? You will need to remove it from a sequence but also make sure the next test in the sequence will have a necessary input state/prerequisites. You should therefore make sure that it is clear why one test depends on a result of another.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T16:21:59.277" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8640" CreationDate="2014-05-18T17:04:40.163" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of an &quot;either/or&quot;, it is better to think of test case or scenario testing as a tree structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trunk&lt;/strong&gt;: This is common test set that are always run (e.g. launch the application)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Branch&lt;/strong&gt;: These are major scenarios that have few common tasks (e.g. &quot;admin&quot; vs &quot;user&quot; scenarios)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Branch&lt;/strong&gt;: ... (if needed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Branch&lt;/strong&gt;: ... (if needed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Twig&lt;/strong&gt;: Test cases that are launched from a common branch (e.g. &quot;admin&quot; sets up a new user with specific permissions.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leaf&lt;/strong&gt;: Specific test cases to verify the permissions in a specific &quot;twig&quot; scenario (e.g. verify positive and negative cases for each permission granted or denied)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows you to use applications like VM or automated setups to snapshot branches or higher levels to repeat scenarios in sequence with variations and also the greatest independence of setups such that they can be run independently in any order.That structure gives you the maximum implementation flexibility for efficiently testing your application context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T17:04:40.163" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8621" CreationDate="2014-05-18T17:11:48.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Different Input Combinations / Tests - Test Heuristics Cheat Sheet - &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2014-05-18T17:20:45.610" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T17:20:45.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8638" CreationDate="2014-05-18T19:17:42.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend Selenium. I have seen it working for major portals test automation. In terms of comparison between selenium / sahi. This link is a good answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/606550/watir-vs-selenium-vs-sahi&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/606550/watir-vs-selenium-vs-sahi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-05-18T19:17:42.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8645" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-18T22:41:39.640" Score="0" ViewCount="6136" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class AutoSuggestEditBox {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&amp;amp;ei=w3s7U6DQJsSJ8QfDloEg&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;         driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;gbqfq&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;cognizant i&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; lst=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//td[@class='gssb_e']/table/tbody/tr&quot;));&#xA;         for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;lst.size();i++){&#xA;            System.out.println(lst.get(i).getText());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7770" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:39:19.800" LastActivityDate="2021-03-26T11:30:50.630" Title="Use Selenium Webdriver to capture all the values from Google Auto Suggest Edit Box and display them in the console" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-19T10:27:22.200" Score="2" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new to this tool. I want to learn about it and have installed the trial version but there is no option to capture an object manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I capture an object and parameterize the object properties?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7777" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T10:31:45.470" LastActivityDate="2020-02-25T10:31:45.470" Title="Identify object and parameterization using TestCafe automation tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcafe&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8629" CreationDate="2014-05-19T11:38:14.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't want to change the system date. Too many other things depend on the date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you want to do is create a test helper that &lt;em&gt;intercepts&lt;/em&gt; the application's call to the system date/time and returns the value &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; set. Exactly how you do this will depend on the language and framework you're using. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh549175.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft's test framework&lt;/a&gt; you'd define a &lt;em&gt;shim&lt;/em&gt; to intercept any calls to DateTime.Now(), so that when your test ran, instead of using the system date you'd be using the date you set (the link includes an example with an application that calls to a property of DateTime.Now() ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the nature of the application you're testing, the framework it uses, and the language and tools you're using, you may have to search for a different way to fake out the application's date/day recognition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to call the system's Now() routine yourself, then check that the application is behaving correctly for the current day. This is more complex but it can still work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 3 involves data manipulation: if the application you're testing stores its open/closed days of the week in a database you control, change them to fit the test you want to run and then restart the application. If you want to check that it displays closed when it's outside hours, you set the store operating hours so that the store closed some set amount of time before the current system date/time, and will open some set amount of time after the current system date/time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reasons NOT to change the system date: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can wreak utter havoc on your test reporting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And your test logs. Especially if you're running remotely (your run-system will report one time, and the captures from the application and its logs will report something completely different).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A system date that is too far from the actual date can cause major problems with networked applications and systems. Depending on the networking protocol, you may not be able to access the system with the changed date. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This can make databases on a different server unreachable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the application depends on internet protocols, they can be unusable with an incorrect system date.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the system auto-synchs to a time server, it can change its date back without warning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen all these things happen when the system date is changed to an incorrect value for testing purposes. It's much safer and cleaner to use other methods  to check that the application behaves correctly with date/time related functions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T11:38:14.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8640" CreationDate="2014-05-19T11:55:00.407" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty common situation - and one I've dealt with myself. Based on your comments and the question itself, I can offer a few suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Document your test dependencies&lt;/strong&gt; - if you're going to be running tests that depend on the result of other tests, make sure you document them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Build in per-test checks&lt;/strong&gt; - it's a lot more complex to check the results of a test with dependent tests, but if you don't do this you'll make analyzing your results much more difficult. As an example, if you run a series of sale transactions as part of a test run, you want to check the totals for each transaction immediately after the transaction completes rather than waiting until the end of the test run to check all the transactions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consider a fail-closed model&lt;/strong&gt; - By this I mean abort the run as soon as any test fails because each subsequent test depends on the success of the test before it. You can work around this with well-designed per-test checks, but they won't get you out of all the potential problems. Fail-closed also saves a &lt;em&gt;lot&lt;/em&gt; of time analyzing results after the first failure, but has the disadvantage that you won't know if there's a problem in the later tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Make your tests as granular as possible&lt;/strong&gt; - You want a whole lot of small routines that you can parameterize and call at will. The structure I use for this kind of testing has a driver that pulls an ordered list of tests to run (with test type and data identifiers), then based on the type of test calls the appropriate routine and sends the data identifiers to the appropriate routine. This makes reordering tests for a change in application flow relatively trivial. Since I build in the validation on a per-test basis, a reordered flow doesn't affect my baseline data much.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T11:55:00.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8645" CreationDate="2014-05-19T15:50:56.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; lst=driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;.gssb_e &amp;gt; .gssb_m &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr&quot;));&#xA;     for(int i=1;i&amp;lt;=lst.size();i++){&#xA; By selector = By.cssSelector(&quot;.gssb_e &amp;gt; .gssb_m &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-of-type(i) &amp;gt; td &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; table  &amp;gt; tbody  &amp;gt; tr &amp;gt; td:nth-of-type(1) &amp;gt; span&quot;);&#xA;WebElement el = driver.findElement(selector);&#xA;        System.out.println(el.getText());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this should work I haven't tried it. But that should print all auto suggests from google&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6921" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T15:50:56.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8655" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-19T16:00:35.193" Score="3" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can any one help me out to get web service testing tool comaparison matrix  for soapUI, webInject, and TestMaker6 ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7782" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-15T10:49:54.680" LastActivityDate="2014-09-15T10:49:54.680" Title="Open source web service testing tools comparision matrix" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-03-06T13:59:26.297" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8573" CreationDate="2014-05-19T21:48:35.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd write this as a comment but since my rep from SO doesn't come with over to this site I'll write it here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;... it doesn't work for us.&quot; What doesn't work specifically? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as MS support you should be able to log several help tickets with your Visual Studio license, though I am not sure they will just &quot;teach&quot; you how to use Coded UI, it's more there for issues you may run into when using Coded UI. That being said my team has used them before for specific questions/issues and they've been very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give that a shot, otherwise I'm positive there's a group of people here (myself included) that could help with any issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7784" LastActivityDate="2014-05-19T21:48:35.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8640" CreationDate="2014-05-20T07:22:35.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An additional theoretical concept to consider is this. The ISTQB terminology separates &lt;em&gt;test cases&lt;/em&gt; from &lt;em&gt;test procedures&lt;/em&gt;. During test case design, in the description of the test case you should detail all that you mentioned, prerequisites, etc and the expected outcome. However, when implementing the test case (either as manual or automatic) you essentially create the test procedure which may include details on how to execute the test case and also various optimizations such as combining test case parts if they are similar.&#xA;So, strictly speaking your test case description should be stand-alone and you would create a separate test procedure detailing sequential execution. In practice, of course, you don't always document both, however this is a good practice to seprate more abstract concepts of a test case and its implementation details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7786" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T07:22:35.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8660" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-20T07:53:32.140" Score="0" ViewCount="3450" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://calaba.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Calabash&lt;/a&gt; Android for automation testing. My app has a facebook login button and after click on it. A web view is opened, how to enter text in usename and password field?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7099" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-05-20T08:59:10.293" LastActivityDate="2015-03-09T15:31:22.933" Title="How to enter text in the username&amp;password field in Facebook login window (calabash-android)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;calabash&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-20T14:31:15.517" Score="1" ViewCount="592" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a registration system which involves a sender sending a daily update file to be processed to update the database systems. In this file there is a date field, and if populated, the date field for a particular record will change and the system will change the previous record's date to be the updated date - 1 calendar day. So if the updated file has a date of 31/3/14, the previous record will have a date of 30/3/14. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how would I be able to test this properly apart from the obvious? The only one I can think of is around the beginning/end of year, so for eg, if the update file contained a date of 1/1/14, then the system should update the date of the previous record to 31/12/13. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2063" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T18:28:15.040" Title="Testing calendar dates in database" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8662" CreationDate="2014-05-20T15:09:01.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leap Year (March 1st) - Roll back to Feb 29th&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non Leap Year (March 1st) - Roll back to Feb 28th&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test for month with 30/31 days&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for Year End, New Year (Correct month and year applied)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invalid Date Format Validations. Invalid patterns removed  (MM/DD/YYYY, DD/MM/YY, DD/MM/YY HH:MM:SS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Records with and Without zero are handled properly, 01/01/2014 is handled same as 1/1/2014&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T15:09:01.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8662" CreationDate="2014-05-20T18:28:15.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Siva's answer, I would add that there are many valid date/time formats that are different from each other. What all date formats are allowed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can also be applied to the time format if you have timestamps. Is 24 hour time supported, etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about timezones? If an update is pushed from a server in India and processed on a server in the US, does anything special happen (shift time to US time and then -1 day). Maybe this doesn't apply to your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7791" LastActivityDate="2014-05-20T18:28:15.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8665" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-21T08:20:43.013" Score="0" ViewCount="634" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking into automating some performance testing and am struggling to find the answer to the above question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I create a test using Selenium and the IE WebDriver, which loads a page and waits for some event to happen (and element being populated via AJAX for instance), will the time recorded closely match what a user would record if they sat there with a stopwatch (allowing for user reaction time, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4695" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T13:27:39.163" Title="How Closely Does A Selenium WebDriver Test Time Match a User's Experience?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8665" CreationDate="2014-05-21T12:31:49.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you wait for some event to happen such as an element being populated via AJAX, you aren't literally waiting; you are polling.  By adjusting your polling frequency, you can control the interval between when an event occurs and when Selenium detects it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, Selenium might be the wrong tool for the job, but the question isn't detailed enough for me to tell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-05-21T12:31:49.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8601" CreationDate="2014-05-21T23:18:23.310" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, you need to know how to connect your mobile phone with Charles proxy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the quick and easy steps to set this up (I am using iPhone, but you can also connect android devices using step in this post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jaanus.com/blog/2012/02/12/debugging-http-on-an-android-phone-or-tablet-with-charles-proxy-for-fun-and-profit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debugging HTTP on an Android phone or tablet with Charles proxy for fun and profit&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure that your iOS device and your laptop are connected to the same wireless network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On your laptop (OSX) go into System Preferences -&amp;gt; Network to find your IP Address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then on your iOS device, go into Settings, Wi-Fi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click the little arrow beside your wireless network to see the details of the network&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For the proxy settings at the bottom of the screen, select “Manual” and enter the IP Address you found on step 2 and the default port that Charles Proxy listens to is 8080.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now your iOS device will be connecting to the internet through your laptop on the port that Charles is monitoring. All your network requests from your iOS device will be viewable in your Charles window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can test your application and see what network calls your app is making, and what responses it is getting back to help you troubleshoot all of those hard-to-resolve network related bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing Your App In Various Network Conditions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set up your proxy as described in the section above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Charles, open up the menu “Proxy” -&amp;gt; Throttling Settings and you’ll see the menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the menu, turn on throttling on a global level, for all hosts. Or you can enable it only for select hosts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then you can choose throttle preset through the dropdown. For example, you can throttle it to a point where it simulates bandwidth over 3G. Of course, you can also set your customized network by change parameter in the throttle configuration, like round-trip latency. (my favor is setting it to 25000000ms)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6275" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T09:35:02.457" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:35:02.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8673" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8675" CreationDate="2014-05-22T11:59:44.477" Score="2" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Some background:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new at a company. I was hired because I am an extremely strong software tester with great development skills. The company I was hired on at wants to see a lot of changes and quite frankly, they need a LOT of changes to be done in their QA department. It is overall great right now but I do see a lot of areas where they can easily be more efficient is all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking into developing several different utilities, one being a QA dashboard for data collection and one being an automation suite. I feel the both of these go hand in hand in order to make data collection for the automation suite a bit smoother and easier. Not to mention the benefits it will give to the manual testing efforts as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The company uses agile methodology which leaves me quite busy testing changes most of the time. I have a basic automation framework set up that I am about to start refining and switch from Java (My preferred language) to C# (The company's preferred language). Prior to doing so I am wanting to sit down and discuss the ideas I have as far as how I think things will operate best and to get feedback to hopefully improve the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Question:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any advice for setting up a basic, simple suite that will demonstrate the power of what automation combined with a datasink/customized database can offer versus just a basic automation suite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T16:40:10.033" Title="Automation/SDIT Initiation and Acceptance Strategy" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2014-05-22T14:21:44.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I managed to upload my first test cases now. I stumbled also over the xml_ko a couple of times. At the end, I could nail it down to a control character in the name of one test case (don't know how it got there) and an ampersand in the name of another.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Checking the warnings and errors in &quot;Events&quot; helped quite a bit. For 'strange' characters I got and could locate the problem in (no surprise) line 233 of my XML file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;code&gt;Entity: line 233: parser error: Input is not proper UTF-8, indicate encoding! Bytes: 0x85 0x29 0x22 0x3E&lt;/code&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe your &quot;Events&quot; helps with troubleshooting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7733" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T10:02:52.213" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:02:52.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8673" CreationDate="2014-05-22T16:34:50.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to have product centric knowledge to identify tools, reusable data sets. I suggest you to develop knowledge of product, contribute to product releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By involving yourself in execution you can advocate / demonstrate efforts saved by sharing your reusable scripts / leveraging tools / database snapshots approach etc Depending on Webservices - SOAP UI / Custom coding, UI Automation - Coded UI for .NET, Stored procs based testing you can arrive at a minimal working test code / test scripts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic human tendency is resist change to existing process. Instead of advocating change you can deliver results/ value which will have wider acceptance with implementation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also check my answers for below questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1900/good-resources-for-building-a-qa-team/1902#1902&quot;&gt;Good resources for building a QA team&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8577/what-tools-work-well-for-automating-net-4-0-web-sites-using-web-forms-with-dyna/8578#8578&quot;&gt;What tools work well for automating .NET 4.0 web sites using web forms with dynamic data?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T16:40:10.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6448" CreationDate="2014-05-22T17:09:17.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This overview seems to give a pretty recent overview of mocking frameworks:&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/jmockit/wiki/MockingToolkitComparisonMatrix&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/jmockit/wiki/MockingToolkitComparisonMatrix&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7712" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T17:09:17.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2606" CreationDate="2014-05-22T18:58:06.593" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apparently there is a timeout. It is 30 minutes long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SEVERE: Timed out waiting for page load.&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 1800.01 seconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.40.0', revision: 'fbe29a9', time: '2014-02-19 20:55:11'&#xA;System info: host: 'PurpleMimosa.local', ip: '10.11.11.131', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.9.2', java.version: '1.7.0_51'&#xA;Session ID: 11e6b0f4-15f2-7d48-8dbc-2176def7e41f&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{platform=MAC, acceptSslCerts=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, databaseEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, handlesAlerts=true, browserConnectionEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, nativeEvents=false, rotatable=false, locationContextEnabled=true, applicationCacheEnabled=true, takesScreenshot=true, version=29.0.1}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7808" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T22:31:57.763" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T22:31:57.763" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8681" CreationDate="2014-05-22T19:01:32.650" Score="1" ViewCount="3840" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't mean for this to be a subjective discussion and I'm trying to not come across with a value judgment. I'm genuinely interested in understanding what I see in some testing tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Testrail and Microsoft Test Manager, I have seen test cases that have expected results for each step. However, I'm quite accustomed to expected results being scoped to the entire test case, not the individual steps too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the hopefully answerable question I have is: As a QA, how I can I leverage the concept of expected results per step?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2014-05-24T14:29:00.000" Title="What is the purpose of expected results for individual test case steps?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8678" CreationDate="2014-05-22T20:02:11.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A functionality requires validation of system behavior in two (or more) different states&lt;/strong&gt;. For instance. Let's say in your SUT a user is authorized to use a certain feature&#xA;only if the user has permission X. To make sure this really depends&#xA;only on having this permission, you should verify at least two cases,&#xA;that is your test case have have multiple steps and checks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Create a user without permission X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Login as the user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Try to access the feature. Expect the user receives an error message &quot;Permission denied&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Grant the user with permission X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Try to access the feature again. Expect the user can use it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not always make sense to split those checks to separate test&#xA;cases. For instance, in this scenario you may want to verify what&#xA;happens if permission is granted or revoked when the user is already&#xA;logged in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A test with entry conditions to validation&lt;/strong&gt;. For instance, in the above scenario you may want to check in the first step, that information about user permissions are defined correctly in DB after creation. Sure, it may blur the purpose of a the test a bit, but on the other side, it makes no sense to execute next step, if this information is missing in DB.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An elements with multiple aspects to validate&lt;/strong&gt;. It might be easier to read your test case, if multiple aspects of one thing are checked in separate steps. For instance, imagine you're verifying a report generated by your app. Each step then could be about verifying a value for a different column/row/cell of the report. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-05-22T21:19:23.407" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T21:19:23.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8680" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-22T20:37:21.177" Score="7" ViewCount="1391" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was just wondering what type of skills gained in QA would help someone become a better software engineer/developer (if any)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was talking to a fellow intern, and he told me that some of his professors suggested he start out in qa first after graduating. The way he described it, it seemed like his professors suggested that would help him gain a solid foundation to become a better software engineer/developer in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Was wondering what everyone's inputs are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7809" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-05-23T18:19:58.767" LastActivityDate="2014-05-24T07:44:03.640" Title="Can working in QA for a while make someone a better developer/engineer?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8678" CreationDate="2014-05-22T23:12:36.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is multiple different reasons for this. I will try and explain a few.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the tester is unfamiliar with the system it ensures they are performing the steps correctly&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By giving the tester expected results at each step it allows the tester to easily be moved from one application to another. This makes cross training a lot easier. It also helps with allowing the tester to know that the results they see are the results that they were expecting to see at that step. For example, if you are testing an API that you are unfamiliar with it would be difficult to determine if the response returned from a set up step was the response expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;End to End verification of all functions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By having the expected results in each individual step it assists with end to end verification of all functions within the system and makes it easier to determine if all of the system's class and functions were hit when testing. This helps to ensure that testing was thoroughly performed especially during the planning and test writing phases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Collection&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By having expected results and often times, actual results, it helps to remind the tester that they may need to input data to verify that what was returned is being put into the test tracking software. This assists when it comes to defects released into production that had already been thoroughly tested during the testing cycle and somehow popped out in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect Resolution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often times these test cases are linked to defects. The defects can be viewed by Product owners who don't know the steps they need to perform well enough to duplicate the defect or even to developers who might work on an external system that is causing the defect in yours. By giving the verification steps and letting people see exactly what they should expect and what the tester saw you are laying the path that is needed to expedite defect resolutions and ultimately ensuring a better quality system overall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avoids hit by a bus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is hinted to in the first benefit but by having this it greatly assists in giving the details needed to be able to thoroughly test it if something was to happen, like a tester being hit by a bus. You and your bosses never know what could happen and by putting extra detail into your planning you, and they, are protected from a worst case scenario as much as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a great practice for several reasons, it's a bad practice because it takes a few extra minutes. Trust me, spend the extra time during planning and save everyone's time in the long run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-05-22T23:12:36.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8680" CreationDate="2014-05-22T23:54:37.553" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To put it simply the overall answer depends on what you are looking to gain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By working in QA you will likely learn the common (and not so common) mistakes that developers make. This will hopefully make you a better developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the question becomes, what makes your professor think that you would do well in a QA role and not just have a tarnish on your resume? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA requires a different skill set than development, one that requires you to look at the project as a whole and not just in small sections. While focusing on your functionality in development is acceptable, focusing solely on a singular section in QA would be catastrophic to say the least. Also, it requires the communication and interdepartmental skills that Developers tend to lack in. (I can go on here but I don't feel the need)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, who's to say that you, like myself, don't end up just loving QA and realize that you can make just as much of a living in QA while having a less stressful more fun position?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-05-23T11:29:54.790" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T11:29:54.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8649" CreationDate="2014-05-23T07:05:24.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the near future, we are going to implement data-driven testing in TestCafe that will help you resolve your issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To identify the object, you can use jQuery and CSS3 selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work on the TestCafe team. I'd love to help you learn more about it and to hear any feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5916" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T07:05:24.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8680" CreationDate="2014-05-23T08:33:17.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the world is going more and more towards Agile (Scrum) software development methodologies the need for cross-functional team members will grow. So having basic testing skills (at-least knowledge of best practices) is a great plus in my book for any team member.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modern teams thrive on the use of test automation, which often is more development than testing. Thinking about what to test and how to automate it will make you a better developer, since you will learn how to build applications that are testable, which sometimes is a real afterthought.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/545/how-does-a-testers-perspective-toward-software-differ-from-a-developers&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; gives more insight in the different perspective of a developer vs a tester: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/545/how-does-a-testers-perspective-toward-software-differ-from-a-developers&quot;&gt;How does a tester&amp;#39;s perspective towards software differ from a developer&amp;#39;s?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T08:33:17.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8685" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8761" CreationDate="2014-05-23T10:55:52.743" Score="1" ViewCount="231" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual functional tester and I am keen on shifting my career from Manual testing to Automation testing using Selenium. What is the best way to begin with this goal of mine? Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7819" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T13:06:53.023" Title="How is Selenium RC different from Selenium Web driver and some good pointers for a naive beginner to learn to scripting please? Thanks!" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-02-01T17:44:20.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8685" CreationDate="2014-05-23T11:06:45.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I learn pretty good from books, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/16149351-selenium-2-testing-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this looks like decent getting started book&lt;/a&gt; for Selenium other wise maybe try &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumsimplified.com/get-started/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this online video course&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium RC is the older version, I think its obsolete. Focus on the Selenium Webdriver version, unless you need some specific feature the older RC version delivers. For a more detailed comparison see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4007819/what-is-the-difference-between-seleniums-remote-control-vs-webdriver&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T11:12:00.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8680" CreationDate="2014-05-23T11:27:50.933" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Professors make this suggestion. I suspect many of them don't actually know what a QA career entails since most of the professors I know are a bit divorced from the world of business. For more information, I'd suggest reading this very similar question (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3238/fundamental-requirements-for-an-entry-level-qa-engineer&quot;&gt;Fundamental Requirements For an Entry Level QA Engineer&lt;/a&gt;) and my response to it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some specific skills that test folk often have where programmers often don't:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implicit requirement discovery&lt;/strong&gt;. Most programmers tend to be more analytical and literal-minded. This isn't a flaw - it's necessary to build good software. Testers are more inclined to look at a requirement and build out to the associated unwritten requirements that are implied by the explicit requirement (such as: if you're not going to permit certain values to be &lt;em&gt;used&lt;/em&gt; by an application, you also want to prevent them being saved in the first place).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Equivalence grouping&lt;/strong&gt;. This doesn't usually even register for a lot of programmers - they're generally looking to make the software work according to their understanding of the user requirements/specifications/user stories. Testers are more likely to look at classes of possible input and then test the software to see what happens with different types of valid and invalid data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Negative&quot; testing&lt;/strong&gt;. Testing to see whether the software behaves in a reasonable manner when given bad data, when it receives unexpected input, and so forth are things that testers typically do once they've satisfied themselves that it handles the expected kind of data. I don't actually consider this kind of testing negative - it's just another set of equivalence classes. Programmer tests tend to be much more focused towards the expected behavior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case prioritization&lt;/strong&gt;. In any non-trivial software, the number of possible tests (and therefore scenarios or paths through the application) quickly becomes unmanageable due to the joys of combinatorial math. Testers learn to prioritize and group these so they can cover as many likely paths as possible in the time they have available to them. Programmers tend to be more inclined to stick to one path and - because they rarely have the broad perspective that testers get - may not be aware of other paths.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;User impersonation&lt;/strong&gt;. Also known as Telepathy 101 - testers are often in the position of Speaker to Geeks (or Speaker to Normal Humans) - they translate between the way programmers tend to communicate and the way end users tend to communicate (this should not be confused with Speaker to Management, which involves a different language altogether). Programmers tend to value control over simplicity (in the USA, programmers are more likely to prefer to drive cars with stick shift than cars with automatic transmission, for instance), to place a lower priority on user interface (&quot;it works. It can be prettied up later&quot; - if I had a dollar for every time I've heard a variation on this I'd have a lot more money than I do now), and so on. It goes with the kind of mindset that's capable of programming. Testers have to translate between that mindset and the mindset of the people who will be using the software. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't anything like an exclusive list, but all these skills will help a developer build software that's more likely to be accepted and liked by users - which is the ultimate test of quality for most of us (caveat: software that's used in situations where problems can kill people has a different set of requirements - but it's not what most developers and testers are working with).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T11:27:50.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8685" CreationDate="2014-05-23T11:39:08.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that you have experience with one of the supported programming languages and a proper xUnit framework for unit tests. If not, choose one of of the programming languages and learn the basics and how to write unit tests. After that you can start with Selenium 2 / WebDriver. Apart from that it is very useful to install the Selenium IDE plugin for firefox to discover what Selenium do, if you don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also agree with Nils.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some useful links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wiki&lt;/a&gt; (DesignPatterns is one of my favorites.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Blog&lt;/a&gt; (Keep up-to-date with the project and read the &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/?s=A+Smattering+of+Selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Smattering of Selenium&lt;/a&gt; articles)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T12:38:49.367" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T12:38:49.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8689" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-23T12:19:18.960" Score="0" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the test cases that can be considered on media (pictures) being migrated from  file location to a database?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7822" LastEditorUserId="7822" LastEditDate="2014-05-23T12:40:27.713" LastActivityDate="2014-12-12T13:13:14.453" Title="Test cases for media migrating from the file location to a database" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8678" CreationDate="2014-05-23T19:22:46.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add a dissenting voice - they are there for historical reasons as that's how people thought tests should be written and it also provided a way for tests to be 'measured'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I view such detailed test cases as a waste of time and effort ( the answer from Paul that it's a great practice can be argued against) so I don't see what value you can 'leverage' from them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-05-23T19:22:46.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8680" CreationDate="2014-05-24T07:44:03.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes moving from QA to DEV will help in following ways&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I worked on a large enterprise product as a QA. In 2 years i was very much comfortable with the DB tables / data flows / functional knowledge. Setting up / Testing the system for several releases the product centric information was helpful to assist product managers, debug production issues. It was a vendor centric approach. After every release the Devs were changed. QA had the breadth of knowledge of the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I had requested for a role change. It was not possible due to several reasons (no open position, breadth of skills required). After few months one of the Dev's quit. It provided better opportunity as they had someone functionally strong plus met individual aspirations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This resulted in a lot of learning technically. Being a QA, functional knowledge is critical. For a DEV able to quickly prototype, identify technical options for solution implementation. 50% you know the product, technically you will have a learning curve when you move to DEV. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moving to a DEV role for a new product is much more challenging as it requires both DEV &amp;amp; Product learning. Working across DEV, Test, Support functions you would understand the skills / daily challenges. This is much better than hearing about it. Cross skills is very useful as you move in your career. It would help you correlate the issues / look from different perspective. Overall it would add value / influence your decision from different perspective &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-05-24T07:44:03.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3571" CreationDate="2014-05-24T11:08:27.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to use the Statistics tab in Fiddler to inspect the performance of your http(s) traffic. It will be more user-friendly than trying to use WireShark (for most people). Of course you can also use the built in dev tools in chrome, ff and IE since they all have timings for the requests usually in some form of a Network tab. You might also be able to use selenium (or just plain js) to get a true render time vs request/response time. Note: however you probably only care about the request round trip so I would first see if Fiddler works to get some insight on your latency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-24T11:08:27.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2223" CreationDate="2014-05-24T11:34:46.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those validators will all give passing status when the failure is actually the creation of valid, yet undesired CSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think dzieciou is on the right path with really taking a look at the process of how the final markup files are produced. You wrote &quot;has been misinterpreted on integration&quot; but you don't provide details about what exactly does the interpreting/misinterpreting. Ideally you just want to fix the code or mechanism that is responsible for generating the bad files in the first place. To check it's working is to know what you expect and don't expect so you can create a meaningful test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you have at-least two tests (if you find it valuable after you fix the bug) to run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;div id=&quot;form&quot; should not appear in final HTML document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;#form should always be &quot;form&quot; in your final CSS document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's up to you to determine when to run them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-24T11:34:46.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8678" CreationDate="2014-05-24T14:29:00.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To elaborate on Phil's answer, the metric for test cases are always based on &quot;pass/fail&quot;. One of my biggest complaints against Quality Center many years ago was that multiple requirements would be associated with a single overall script. That script may fail one line, but the failure is applied to all associated requirements blindly. Segmenting results to specific steps is one attempt at addressing this, but it still doesn't address the fact that a step could fail for a reason completely unrelated to the associated requirement (or pass even though the requirement is not fully met).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for not documenting test cases to that extent is because any one test case can be linked to multiple requirements to varying extents or be impacted by multiple oracles when submitting defects. Whether a specific behavior is a defect would depend on the context of that particular test run. For example, repeating a test case involving adding a new user should have a different expected result if the same user is added twice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-05-24T14:29:00.000" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2754" CreationDate="2014-05-26T04:35:00.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may find this useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing SAP HANA&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/scn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/609decf2-9963-2f10-c5ae-9812c8191a33?QuickLink=index&amp;amp;overridelayout=true&amp;amp;54395760816167&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/scn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/609decf2-9963-2f10-c5ae-9812c8191a33?QuickLink=index&amp;amp;overridelayout=true&amp;amp;54395760816167&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a section regarding automation that may be relevant for the OP:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page 8 section 3.2.2 Automation of Test Cases, state:&#xA;&quot;After having designed test cases for SAP HANA, user clients and application servers as well as at&#xA;least having executed them once successfully, the test cases are ready to be automated for&#xA;regression test purposes.&#xA;In order to do so, SAP recommends to use SAP Quick Test Professional by HP for the following&#xA;reasons:&#xA;x Quick Test Professional is the state of the art test automation tool&#xA;x Quick Test Professional supports nearly all user clients and application servers&#xA;x Quick Test Professional is part of SAP Testing Options 1 &amp;amp; 2 and therefore integrates with&#xA;SAP Solution Manager and SAP Quality Center by HP&#xA;x Quick Test Professional is already licensed at many SAP customers&#xA;x Quick Test Professional is an easy to use record &amp;amp; replay test automation tool&#xA;The test automation approach using SAP Quick Test Professional by HP is similar to standard test&#xA;automation approaches for ERP-Systems. This means from a customer perspective: there is&#xA;already a high degree of test automation knowledge available, which can easily be reused for test&#xA;automation of SAP HANA, user clients and application servers. &quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However there could be other ways of driving the reporting tools and making assertions based on a known data set you are processing. HP QC might not be the only option. If the reports you are re-running are web based/flash based then perhaps Selemium or Watir is an option and would work fine if you can control the data they expect to assert on. At any rate- you have a lot of options here but most of them will involve the ability for you to control the input of a known data set for SAP HANA to process and then either make assertions at the level of data destination source, available api to consume that data, or client interface from an end user perspective. I don't know how SAP HANA appliance gets it's data to begin with but that is where you need to control the input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7828" LastEditorUserId="7828" LastEditDate="2015-08-09T11:11:46.953" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T11:11:46.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3550" CreationDate="2014-05-26T05:19:04.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dual stack socket will appear with an IPv6 address by default. You may want to include the create socket code to help us find out the core of your problem which is creating/validating a dual stack socket. I think Sam might have been helping you try to do an IPv4 test so you could empirically determine if the socket supports both types of requests. (v4 &amp;amp; v6)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T05:19:04.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8218" CreationDate="2014-05-26T05:31:55.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe this will help. Same question basically and this seems to be pretty common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5134953/noclassdeffounderror-in-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5134953/noclassdeffounderror-in-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that is what t3hnoob was getting after as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7828" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T05:31:55.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="304" CreationDate="2014-05-26T06:13:49.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may help - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/ethical-hacking-tutorials.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/ethical-hacking-tutorials.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also learn about Penetration Testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/learn-penetration-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7837" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T06:13:49.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7018" CreationDate="2014-05-26T06:42:14.637" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your responses. But this is the script I'm using to resolve this issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void waitUntilCountChanges() {&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(getDriver(), 5);&#xA;        wait.until(new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;            public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;                int elementCount = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;xxxx&amp;quot;)).size();&#xA;                if (elementCount &amp;gt; 1)&#xA;                    return true;&#xA;                else&#xA;                    return false;&#xA;            }&#xA;        });&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in Python&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class elements_length_changes(object):&#xA;  &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;An expectation for checking that an elements has changes.&#xA;&#xA;  locator - used to find the element&#xA;  returns the WebElement once the length has changed&#xA;  &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&#xA;  def __init__(self, locator, length):&#xA;    self.locator = locator&#xA;    self.length = length&#xA;&#xA;  def __call__(self, driver):&#xA;    element = driver.find_elements(*self.locator)&#xA;    element_count = len(element)&#xA;    if element_count &amp;gt; self.length:&#xA;      return element&#xA;    else:&#xA;      return False&#xA;&#xA;locator = (By.XPATH, &amp;quot;//a[@aria-label='Home']&amp;quot;)&#xA;length = len(self.wd.find_elements_by_xpath(&amp;quot;//a[@aria-label='Home']&amp;quot;)&#xA;condition = elements_length_changes(locator, length)&#xA;WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(condition)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastEditorUserId="48407" LastEditDate="2021-02-14T06:16:21.297" LastActivityDate="2021-02-14T06:16:21.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7781" CreationDate="2014-05-26T07:30:45.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://m.wikihow.com/Calculate-a-Test-Grade&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://m.wikihow.com/Calculate-a-Test-Grade&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not any different than grading a test. If you know the max &quot;score&quot; for each bucket then you should be able to find your &quot;grade&quot; when you compare to actual &quot;score&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T07:30:45.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6285" CreationDate="2014-05-26T08:41:49.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pls find useful links (references) to get started&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/net-penetration-testing-test-case-cheat-sheet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/net-penetration-testing-test-case-cheat-sheet/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pentesterlab.com/exercises/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.pentesterlab.com/exercises/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://darkassassinscybercrew.blogspot.in/2013/01/sqlmap-tutorial-for-window-7.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://darkassassinscybercrew.blogspot.in/2013/01/sqlmap-tutorial-for-window-7.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/4.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/4.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T08:41:49.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8078" CreationDate="2014-05-26T20:47:54.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently started to write automation test cases for an existing product and after writing just two (badly designed) test cases when I moved over to writing the third one, I realized that I would have to repeat a lot of boiler-plate and other stuff from my first test-case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I asked about a week off from testing and designed a test-suite/framework, effectively mapping the website to be tested into C# objects using mainly inheritance of Menus, Sub-Menus and Globally clickable/doable actions; and composition of these objects to represent entire pages that needed testing. By writing generic code for accessing IFrames (that require you to switch focus to and from the IFrame), search filters (on several of the MIS reports with multiple columns and varied options therein) and other getters and setters, after 1 week I was able to quickly deliver the test cases I was working on. Also, the framework got merged with master and all my fellow testers have started working off it (with thanks).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of this framework can (and must preferably) be developed in parallel with the application, since it will not only ensure consistent naming (eg. &quot;id&quot;s) of your IWebElements but also help you test parts of functionality immediately (giving you a considerable speed-up in unit-testing). The resource mapping can follow the same structure as your application structure, thus helping you ensure conformance with your product's design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7845" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-27T10:59:02.623" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T10:59:02.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6285" CreationDate="2014-05-26T22:48:42.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;BurpSuite and Fiddler are two important tools for my security testing tasks. Definitely check them out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the approach I have found it is good to find out if your organization is required to allow 3rd party audits and security scans. Make sure your security tests cover these cases first. Then move to the most sensitive areas. Usually anything to do with authentication, sessions, user authorization levels and money transactions are a good place to start. It may be controversial to say this but as far as security goes I feel that the low hanging fruit / obvious exploits are a good place to start. Most attackers will try those first as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7828" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T22:48:42.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8665" CreationDate="2014-05-26T23:26:57.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If truth be told, Selenium will execute and assert pass/fail really fast (you cannot imitate a user's patience with Selenium) for an event such as checking and/or waiting for an element to load/populate. Besides, depending on your application, the polling might be faster/slower than a typical user's actions since it goes into the domain of fuzzy logic and may involve checking of multiple conditions that may or may not evaluate to true/false as fast as that for a human user. Also, you cannot account for any user-devised optimizations from past experiences in interacting with your website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7845" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T23:26:57.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8710" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-26T23:36:22.787" Score="5" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;While designing test cases for an application's database code (the data layer), I would like to determine a good subset of tests to run in order to guarantee its proper function.  In essence, the goal would be to come up with the smallest set of tests that can provide the best guarantee possible of its function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably, the set of tests includes simple operations (&lt;code&gt;INSERT&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;UPDATE&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;DELETE&lt;/code&gt;, etc.) as well as certain combinations of operations that should work (&lt;code&gt;INSERT&lt;/code&gt; then &lt;code&gt;SELECT&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;DELETE&lt;/code&gt; then &lt;code&gt;SELECT&lt;/code&gt;).  It is this set of combinations that is non-trivial and of greatest interest here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a standard or best-practice set of tests that is defined for database operations?  Where should I look for something like that?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks very much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5903" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T08:45:22.633" Title="Standard set of unit tests for data layer code" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8619" CreationDate="2014-05-26T23:47:39.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be a good idea to use the Firebug plugin in Firefox and load it up beforehand by right clicking on a div close to where this dynamic div gets positioned - then choose &quot;Inspect Element with Firebug&quot; - then perform the action that is supposed to bring up this dynamic div - Firebug will highlight the change in page content for a brief moment that should help you to locate this new div - copy either its id (if set)(highest priority) or classname (if unique)(2nd highest priority) or right click and choose &quot;Copy xpath&quot; (if constant for multiple invocations - could be unlikely)(lowest priority). Then you should be able to apply your requisite condition by extracting .Text from this div.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently used this approach to check whether a dynamically generated drop-down list in my application gets displayed above or below its button (so technically a float-up or drop-down list) in a hovering dynamic div.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one catch though that you might want to write a wrapper over FindElement() containing a try-catch block so that the webdriver does not break your test in case it cannot find this div. Then you can add the != null condition before extracting the .Text from the div.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7845" LastActivityDate="2014-05-26T23:47:39.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8712" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-27T02:55:25.857" Score="0" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do system testing of various embedded software(Embedded C) which runs on a microcontroller. How to take a code coverage report in this case as we run the software on the micro and not on a pc? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point we cannot afford a simulation model of the system.(I know this makes it easy to have a coverage tool, simulator and tests run together on PC and get a coverage report).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7848" LastActivityDate="2014-12-29T16:40:01.450" Title="How to take the coverage report for Embedded Application Testing" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8713" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-27T05:48:14.743" Score="1" ViewCount="1496" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are in the initial stages of testing Telerik controls using UFT/QTP. We used Telerik UI for WPF Sample Application&#xA;Using the sample application, we tried identifying certain controls. But we found that some of the properties that we used to identify VB 6.0 controls are not working properly when it comes to the identification of WPF controls. Following are some examples to explain the situation better (We used both UFT 12.0 and 11.53 ) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Treeview control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use 'Select' method followed by the item to be selected from the treeview to select an item in a VB 6.0 control.&#xA;    But for WPF control, we need to pass the node number instead of the item name that has to be selected. &#xA;     WpfWindow(&quot;WPF Controls Examples&quot;).WpfTreeView(&quot;explorerTree&quot;).Select 0   'To select the first item in the treeview. &#xA;     On passing the item name, UFT is throwing error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ListView control&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Several properties that we use to manipulate a List box VB 6.0 control are not working with WPF controls.&#xA; For example, properties lke GetItem, GetSelection, Select, SelectRange etc are throwing an error from UFT/QTP.&#xA; Since 'Select' doesn't select the item in the list box, we need to go with a crude way to do the job. &#xA; WpfWindow(&quot;WPF Controls Examples&quot;).WpfList(&quot;WpfList&quot;).Object.SelectedIndex = 1&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7324" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T14:48:18.707" Title="Testing Telerik UI for WPF controls using QTP/UFT" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-27T07:42:34.407" Score="4" ViewCount="15427" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use Jmeter to do performance testing. I gave 10 threads(10 users) with ramp up time 60 secs, 4 out 10 users failing to logout getting org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException: The target server failed to respond&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our script works this way. User logs in, access list page and do one submit operation and access the details page of the submit. Every user does three times and logs out. When I have just one time instead three time it works well, But when I configure the script to do for three times then I face above mentioned error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im not really not sure is it some thing related to Jmeter settings or server settings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7750" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T23:34:17.330" Title="Jmeter throws &quot;org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException&quot;" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8715" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27975" CreationDate="2014-05-27T07:48:55.143" Score="4" ViewCount="737" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a QA but now my team has put me into ETL. Will it help in testing if I learn ETL process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to pursue my career in QA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6920" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-05-27T11:01:28.437" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T06:58:22.587" Title="Does ETL knowledge /development help in testing career" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8715" CreationDate="2014-05-27T08:28:25.613" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does. There are many organizations that require ETL testers. The first requirement for an ETL tester position, of course,  is knowledge/experience in ETL and related fields. In fact, there is a dearth of ETL testers where I am based. A mid level company my friend(an ETL tester) works in started taking in manual testers and training them on ETL because they couldn't find fitting candidates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastEditorUserId="7560" LastEditDate="2014-05-27T09:51:05.607" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T09:51:05.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8714" CreationDate="2014-05-27T13:32:47.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You asked, &quot;Is it something related to Jmeter settings or server settings?&quot;, but I am going to answer a slightly different question, i.e. &quot;Where should I do now?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might start by confirming that your test is valid, i.e. that your test is interacting with the server is a legitimate way.  You haven't said whether the server needs to support ten simultaneous users, or whether your server is configured the way it will be configured in production, or whether your server is working with the same kind of data that it will use in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My best guess is that the submit operation is slow, but the problem you described is hard to diagnose without understanding what the server does and how it is configured.  Based on what you wrote, I assume you are primarily a tester rather than a developer.  If that's true, find a developer who is willing to work with you on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might ask the developer what other information they need.  They might ask you to try monitoring the CPU utilization on the server.  If you have access to the server logs, they might ask you to try running your test with just one thread, while watching the server logs.  Sometimes the server logs can help you narrow down which part of an operation takes the most time.  They might also try monitoring the server log while running with all 10 threads -- you may have an error message that will help solve the problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They might also want to know how to run your JMeter test themselves, so you might think about whether your test contains any dependencies that would make it hard to run the test on a different machine, e.g. external files or hard-coded directory paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T13:32:47.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6403" CreationDate="2014-05-27T14:04:32.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maulik, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of waiting until a value exists, how about trying something along the following lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;br.wait_until{br.text_field(:id=&amp;gt; 'companyName').text.eql?(&quot;&quot;) == false}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7284" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T14:04:32.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8720" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8721" CreationDate="2014-05-27T14:56:37.453" Score="1" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a website and have been asked to map a host name (the live website url) to an ip address in my hosts file. My understanding is that this means when I browse to the host name, instead of seeing the live site, I am redirected to the ip address it is mapped to (the test site). This all works fine and I see the test site, what I don't understand is why I see another different test site if i browse directly to the ip address? And if I have two host names mapped to the same url in my hosts file I can see a different site when I browse to each of the host names? How is this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7853" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T15:39:04.713" Title="Why when I browse to a host name I have mapped in my hosts file I get a different site than if I browse directly to the ip address it is mapped to?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8720" CreationDate="2014-05-27T15:39:04.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Web-servers use something called &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_hosting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vhosts&lt;/a&gt;. The server separates sites on the hostname, this allows multiple websites to be hosted on a single &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IP&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;hostname1.domain.com -&gt; IP -&gt; serve files from location:&#xA;  /disk/webserver/website1 hostname2.domain.com -&gt; SAMEIP -&gt; serve files&#xA;  from location: /disk/webserver/website2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also setup the webserver to direct to a website when you have no hostname, when you access it directly onits IP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;http:// IP -&gt; /disk/webserver/website3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T15:39:04.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8722" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8726" CreationDate="2014-05-27T18:19:19.540" Score="1" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a functional design for enhancing our existing application logging. Our Core application is built on C and we have a integration layer on top of that to talk with other third party systems. Until now, we do not have a centralized logging mechanism where one would be able to track the entire transaction with the help of one Unique ID. After implementing this design, we are hoping we would be able to achieve it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have created 5 different database tables: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Audit_Log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System_Event_Log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debug_Log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Err_Log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Batch_Log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As these tables gets populated we will hand over the SQL query to Foglight for application performance monitoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: How do I write use cases for this implementation before I hand it over to my QA. Because I have to include all the integration points in my FD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would welcome your thoughts on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7642" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T09:18:26.750" Title="Help need on writing use case for a enhanced logging implementation" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2609" CreationDate="2014-05-27T20:19:55.830" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is quite easy to hide the browser without XVFB. Just &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/download.html&quot;&gt;install PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;. Then, change this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of your code won't need to be changed and no browser will open. For debugging purposes, use &lt;code&gt;driver.save_screenshot('screen.png')&lt;/code&gt; at different steps of your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7860" LastActivityDate="2014-05-27T20:19:55.830" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8724" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-27T21:07:21.930" Score="3" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying to write tests for basic database operation, I'd like to understand what is the standard or proper pattern for setting up the data, so that only the functionality that should be tested is tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to test &lt;code&gt;INSERT&lt;/code&gt;.  To test &lt;code&gt;INSERT&lt;/code&gt;, the data should not be in the database, then the insert operation should be performed, and finally it should be retrieved to make sure that it did get there.  However, it seems like this test depends on other functions to work well (i.e. &lt;code&gt;SELECT&lt;/code&gt;), which could be problematic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How far should the assumption that auxiliary functions work go?  Should this be somehow delegated to a set-up function?  What is the standard procedure for testing functionality like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks very much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5903" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T19:08:26.003" Title="Proper pattern for setting up tests of basic database operations" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8714" CreationDate="2014-05-28T07:54:17.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;View Results Tree Listener&lt;/a&gt; to inspect what exact responses are being sent? I know that it consumes lots of resources, but it should be capable of dealing with 10 concurrent threads in GUI mode. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you rely on correlation and parametrization it would be also good to add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Debug_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Debug Sampler&lt;/a&gt; to see JMeter Variables and Properties values. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-debug-your-apache-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to debug your Apache JMeter script&lt;/a&gt; for more clues.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T07:54:17.933" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8722" CreationDate="2014-05-28T09:18:26.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My perspective of this question is in terms of scenarios and how it will be handled. There are different use cases which may fall in this criteria. Logging on different tables for different scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example #1 - Disk Space issue, When there is insufficient disk space available for MSSQL, Other processing this would go into Err_Log, System_Event_Log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example #2 - When there is timeout of operations (network, I/O issues it need to be captured)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example #3 - When the CPU exceeds 80% it need to be captured and logged in System_event_log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example #4 - When there is error in processing (Invalid data formats, error thrown by application) it will be logged in error_log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example #5 - Archival mechanism of this logs (How frequently they needed to be cleaned up)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example #6 - If the same error is occured multiple times do you increase severity / prompt for immediate attention&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Example #7 - Identity failures, frequency of failures for Errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T09:18:26.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8727" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-28T12:57:55.940" Score="3" ViewCount="10335" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using webdriver, and I have the following html (sanitized):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;span12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0);&quot; id=&quot;linkID&quot; onclick=&quot;doStuff()&quot;&amp;gt;Link Text Here&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Chrome, when my page object tries to do linkID.click(), I'm getting the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: Element is not clickable at point (508, 136). Other element would receive the click: &amp;lt;div class=&quot;span12&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=35.0.1916.114)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.9.248315,platform=Windows NT 6.1 SP1 x86_64) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What on earth is going on?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T14:06:31.747" Title="Cannot click link inside div?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8727" CreationDate="2014-05-28T13:30:25.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It exists a won't fix issue for that on the Google Code project page of Selenium. It contains some reasons for the error and solutions.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=2766&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=2766&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T13:30:25.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8724" CreationDate="2014-05-28T16:20:15.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Technical Perspective&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working code is better than anything. You can have a working solution and re-factor it going forward&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have any solution options ? What Challenges do you have implementing it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution perspective Options&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operations would be CRUD (Create, Read, Update Delete). For each one you need to have the previous state setup and available for you to run your tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider the functional flow and setup the DB with prerequisites setup. Take a snapshot of the same, Run your tests and validate the results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alternate approach process data everytime.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More reads This link was useful on test data design&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Data Map Design Pattern - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.genrocket.com/test-data-map-design-pattern/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.genrocket.com/test-data-map-design-pattern/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Data Loader Design Pattern - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.genrocket.com/test-data-loader-design-pattern/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.genrocket.com/test-data-loader-design-pattern/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T16:20:15.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8724" CreationDate="2014-05-28T19:08:26.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on your response to my comment, you're not actually looking to test database operations but an application that employs the operations. That makes things a little simpler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you have access to the data store&lt;/strong&gt; - the simplest method you can use is to perform an operation with your application and treat the data store as an oracle for verification purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples: &#xA; - &lt;strong&gt;INSERT&lt;/strong&gt; - use the application to insert some known data set. Use the database's internal toolset to validate that the data insert occurred. &#xA; - &lt;strong&gt;SELECT&lt;/strong&gt; - use the database's internal toolset to view a set of data. Use the application to validate that the correct data is returned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to isolate these some more, you can take a simple external data source like a CSV file and store the data you're checking in that, and use the CSV file as your oracle as to what should or should not be in the database at any point in time (this works best for small data sets).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if you have no concerns about the ability of the application to save data to any given data store, you can redirect the data store to a repository of your choice (e.g. instead of saving the INSERT to the database, it writes to a CSV file, which you can read and check)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exactly what you test and how you test it depends entirely on what, &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; you need to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-05-28T19:08:26.003" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8712" CreationDate="2014-05-29T04:22:22.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question doe not provide insight on the feature/facilities available and restrictions if any, for the development environment. As any solution will depend on the what are the capabilities of development environment.  Its difficult to have fit all solution like what is possible for PC or web based system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If real time requirements are not too stringent on your system, you can write a  per-processor which will insert counters at the start and end of every function to start with  (and at the start and end of every control path in advanced version).&#xA; Once it is in place you  can write offline program on PC to map counters with code. All nonzero counters shows control path traveled and count indicates how many times particular control path has been hit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this is effort consuming approach and will be useful if you think return on investment is justified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T04:22:22.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8734" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-29T06:43:19.090" Score="0" ViewCount="1023" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Jmeter 2.11 for doing performance testing. We set up test with 1000 users with ramp up time as 4 hours. We expected the run will go for 8 hours. But server didn't get request after 3 hours. I'm not sure whether Jmeter not able to make a request or server issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7750" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T14:10:59.377" Title="Jmeter doesn't make the request to Server" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8601" CreationDate="2014-05-29T08:41:03.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that you can do even more with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter is capable of recording mobile application traffic. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-mobile-apps-made-easy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Load Testing Mobile Apps. But Made Easy.&lt;/a&gt; guide for detailed walkthrough on how to record mobile application requests using JMeter built-in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP%28S%29_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt;. Once recorded you will be able to play requests back with multiple virtual user threads. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter can simulate different network types. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.apache.org/jmeter/Controlling%20Bandwidth%20in%20JMeter%20to%20simulate%20different%20networks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to simulate network bandwidth in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for relevant properties and reasonable defaults. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't need any load testing and just want to check application's behavior for slow network you can use Apache &lt;a href=&quot;http://opensource.adnovum.ch/mod_qos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mod_qos&lt;/a&gt; for throttling. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T08:41:03.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8734" CreationDate="2014-05-29T10:33:26.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main purpose of load/performance testing is finding limits or bottlenecks on the integrated stack of the application. When you run a load test you should monitor the application/servers closely to understand what is happening. Often these tests are performed with the help of the system administration team, because they have better experience in monitoring the server-side of the systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to understand which part of the stack cannot handle the load. Server IO, Database access, network, etc... Without adequate monitoring you will keep guessing and making assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can use the JMeter &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMonAgent/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Server Agent&lt;/a&gt; to collect data on the server performance and generate metrics from it. Otherwise monitor the systems in realtime and check the logs for any issue's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expect you overloaded the server and it cannot handle 1000 simultaneous users. Of-course JMeter itself could be the problem, but you do not give enough information to diagnose. Maybe you can start JMeter on multiple systems with less users. Instead of ramping one machine to 1000, try four machines that ramp up to 250 users instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T10:33:26.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8740" CreationDate="2014-05-29T15:50:15.510" Score="7" ViewCount="62680" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know there's a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().back()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but that's not what I'm looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say a user is on PageA, they click on a submit button which takes them to a submit page. On that page, there are two buttons: change selection and confirm. Confirm takes them to the next page, but change selection takes them back to the page they were on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not always going to be PageA, a user can be on PageB, PageC, etc. So, I was wondering if there is a way to return the PageFactory of whatever page the user was previously on? I haven't been able to find anything so far&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7879" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T20:43:35.460" Title="Navigate to previous page using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8738" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-29T16:44:43.347" Score="2" ViewCount="1636" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone used and able to offer a comparison of HP Agile Manager versus JIRA in a scrum environment, with 2 week sprints? This is considering test management, the benefits of integrated bug tracking, product backlog management, and traceability, and reporting &amp;amp; metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking not only how the features compare (including any add-ons used with JIRA), but a comparison of benefits delivered by any features, value of workflows encouraged, ease of use/learning curve...and whether one turned out to have a better ROI in the long run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any info is much appreciated. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7876" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T21:57:55.233" Title="HP Agile Manager versus JIRA" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;jira&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8357" CreationDate="2014-05-29T16:56:11.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test execution wall clock is simply a way of referring to the amount of time test execution takes/took. They key point point of using the term being to ensure there's no ambiguity that they want the total time (including time that the CPU is not active, e.g. waiting time built into your tests) included in the time taken to execute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of the sample question you gave: 3) For the test cases you’ve written, what is the wall clock? How frequently did the test cases run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What they're trying to figure out here seems to be, how quickly have your tests executed in the past? The frequency part of the question indicates that what they're interested in here (or probably trying to achieve) is a suite of automated tests that are executed with builds and run quickly - their goal is probably highly effective and fast continuous integration with automated testing built in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Although perhaps it could also be read as how long it took you to write the tests rather than execute them)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7876" LastEditorUserId="7876" LastEditDate="2014-05-29T17:01:25.310" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T17:01:25.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8737" CreationDate="2014-05-29T18:32:49.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a similar issue; I wanted a base class for my PageObjects that abstracted the navigation between pages in the wizard flow. What I ended up doing was, after clicking any link that would navigate to a new page, I grabbed the current URL and constructed a new page instance based on that to return. Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected PageObject navigate(WebElement button) {&#xA;    button.click();&#xA;    PageObject nextPage = getPageFromURL(driver.getCurrentUrl());&#xA;    PageFactory.initElements(driver, nextPage);&#xA;    return nextPage;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where getPageFromURL has a big lookup table of URLs to PageObject classes. Then I could implement meaningful methods like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public PageObject clickNext() {&#xA;    return navigate(nextButton);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public PageObject viewProductDetails(Product p) {&#xA;    return navigate(getDetailsButton(p));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps you with architecting a solution! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T18:32:49.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8737" CreationDate="2014-05-29T20:43:35.460" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use JavaScript to go back one step in the history of the browser, this should bring you back on the previous page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.executeScript(&quot;window.history.go(-1)&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/selenium/how-to-execute-javascript-in-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;using JavaScript with Selenium&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/met_his_back.asp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScript History functions&lt;/a&gt; links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=3611&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this thread&lt;/a&gt; about issue and difference with navigate.back()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-05-29T20:43:35.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5767" CreationDate="2014-05-30T06:02:54.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Integration can be done in multiple ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the way is to use VAPI. If you are using VBS or Java  VAPI, (visual Application programming Interface) will be useful.  The VAPI integrator can be used for integration with ROBOT. The integrator has capability of launching  third part applications which can be used to launch   ROBOT test suite. The Robot testscript  have capability to save execution result in external file. The VAPI integrator can get inputs from this dynamically updated file as test cases keep on updating results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At he end it is possible to script to parse Robot result file and update required fields in QC.  I think you are looking for specific case of case tied up with bug. The script will change the  bug related test case status after execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T06:02:54.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6764" CreationDate="2014-05-30T12:18:50.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check this out, I've shared an article on XSS attack and cheat sheet for scripts - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cygnet-infotech.com/is-your-website-safe-against-cross-site-scripting-attacks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cygnet-infotech.com/is-your-website-safe-against-cross-site-scripting-attacks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T12:18:50.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8734" CreationDate="2014-05-30T14:10:59.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;code&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/code&gt; and logs of your application server for any error messages if they are - update your request as it would be more clear what's going on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given you have powerful hardware on load generator (JMeter) instance it can spawn 1000 concurrent threads, but make sure that you're following &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-performance-and-tuning-tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Performance and Tuning Tips&lt;/a&gt; advice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If single JMeter instance cannot create required load you can consider &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Remote Testing&lt;/a&gt; when single Master orchestrates load of multiple client load engines. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-05-30T14:10:59.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8747" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-05-31T01:28:24.120" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I expect to spend some time soon testing a replicated system that needs to honor certain consistency/availability constraints under network partition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/aphyr/jepsen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jepsen&lt;/a&gt; looks like a useful tool for that kind of testing. What other open-source tools are available for that purpose?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T10:57:57.743" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T10:57:57.743" Title="What open-source tools are available for testing replicated systems under network partition?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-01-15T04:49:08.440" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1532" CreationDate="2014-05-31T10:22:10.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://enov8.com/docs/Enov8-TEMMi%20Lite-MAY-2014.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; What are the most common set of environments and [2] best practices for each environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) System Test, UAT, Performance Test, Staging are all classical environments&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) Best Practices is a harder one :-) .. Here is a cool Test Environment Maturity Model &lt;a href=&quot;http://enov8.com/docs/Enov8-TEMMi%20Lite-MAY-2014.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TEMMI&lt;/a&gt; .. Other than that my advice is this ... &quot;Understand your environments .. Without knowledge the service and capability will always be deficient&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7888" LastActivityDate="2014-05-31T10:22:10.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3594" CreationDate="2014-06-02T03:47:04.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Logs are pretty much useful in below cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on Different levels (Debug, Info) you can find intermediate values, final values and compare against entries in log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When there is an Error @ UI level you can capture the step / error details from logs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After completing your testing, cursory check on logs for exception would throw any memory leak / out of bounds exceptions, timeouts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Because of sprint based cycles not every information is captured in design docs, functional flow, assignments, data comparison, clean up will be much more detailed only from logs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mtail, Agent check, textpad, notepad++ are some tools which can quickly parse through logs for exceptions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Logs are useful for QA to understand the technical implementation, identify functional state changes, find exceptions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T03:47:04.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="585" CreationDate="2014-06-02T04:30:41.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though there are many advantages of Page Project Model, some of them are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Simple and clear page classes with sensible method names.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can actually give the customize names to you methods. Like above so that you need not to keep anything in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Just looking into the method name gives you all idea about the capabilities of the method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Makes tests more readable. In comparison to above commands of selenium , where in you need to add all the commands in the tests scripts . in page object model you need to put method names. The methods which you have created according to your understanding of application so these methods name are more readable and easy to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Stay &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRY&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Page object model believes in the principle of Do not repeat yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Good support of tests, because everything is stored in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Easy creation of new tests. In fact, tests can be created by a person not knowing the features of automation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I have actually implemented it in my project so definitely there are some flaws:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;All locators should be kept in page class file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And this abstraction leads to some chaos with in the Page Class file.&#xA;So you need to implement something like key word driven on top of Page Object Model so as to fully take the advantages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7270" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-02T21:27:25.400" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T21:27:25.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="585" CreationDate="2014-06-02T12:59:25.113" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are three main advantages to putting your functions into PageObjects rather than just having a bunch of static functions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Context. &lt;code&gt;LoginPage.clickNext()&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;ItemDetails.clickNext()&lt;/code&gt; immediately tells you what page you're on when looking at the test, even if they're identical methods inherited from a parent class. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;PageObjectFactory&lt;/code&gt; can automatically initialize member variables of a PageObject so you don't have to do a &lt;code&gt;find()&lt;/code&gt; every time you want to interact with something. This keeps your code cleaner, but assumes you use the PageObject paradigm and will work best if you do so. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ease of maintenance of code; if you're using Java or .NET, everything has to be in a class anyway, so it's easier to break it up into logical groupings by page rather than putting everything in the same static class. Naming your page classes well allows you to easily find the methods you need to update when a given page changes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In actual practice, PageObjects are primarily a way of organizing code rather than anything too difficult or complicated to implement. They don't provide much in the way of performance improvements or enable much you can't do otherwise, but they make your code cleaner and easier to read and maintain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-02T21:42:50.227" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T21:42:50.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8712" CreationDate="2014-06-02T13:09:27.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending what your code does, you may be able to compile it for x86 architecture to run your unit tests and use traditional code-coverage tools; anything written for C will work in that case. This assumes you're not using any of the peripherals of the embedded processor; otherwise, you may need to write a wrapper layer to simulate them, but then, you'd probably want to do that in your unit test framework in order to adequately simulate the external dependencies of the program anyway. Inline assembly instructions would also prevent this technique from working, of course. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may be able to break up the code into modules and test some modules on x86 with code coverage tools running while others have to be tested on the device and thus cannot have the code coverage counted. You may be able to use techniques in other answers to measure the coverage of code that is not able to run on an x86 processor. It depends how well you've designed your code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T13:09:27.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2300" CreationDate="2014-06-02T13:13:23.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1418082/is-it-possible-to-hide-the-browser-in-selenium-rc&quot;&gt;This question&lt;/a&gt; on StackOverflow seems to be related to your problem; they wanted to minimize the window, which is what seems to be triggering your probelm. From the accepted answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are a few options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You could use Selenium Grid so that the browser is opened on a&#xA;  completely different machine (or virtual machine) that you can then&#xA;  connect to via VNC or Remote Desktop Connection if you wanted to see&#xA;  the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can run Selenium 'headless' on Linux. I've never tried doing this&#xA;  and doubt it's really worth the effort.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.alittlemadness.com/2008/03/05/running-selenium-headless/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.alittlemadness.com/2008/03/05/running-selenium-headless/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can wrap Selenium RC in a Windows service.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/137890&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://support.microsoft.com/kb/137890&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Another option would be to use something like WebDriver and use the&#xA;  HTMLUnitDriver, which doesn't launch a 'real' browser.&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/webdriver/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Of course there's also the option of using a service like SauceLabs,&#xA;  where you can get your tests to be run in the cloud. After your tests&#xA;  have completed you can watch a video of them running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T13:13:23.693" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-06-02T13:13:23.693" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8665" CreationDate="2014-06-02T13:27:39.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will reflect approximately* the time a user's browser would spend waiting for AJAX, assuming the load on your servers is the same as the load the user encounters, and assuming that the user has a CPU and RAM configuration comparable to the one on the computer running the test, and assuming the user is on the same speed of connection you're using to test, with the same amount of network traffic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Data is only approximate due to the polling frequency as discussed by user246&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's some more information &lt;a href=&quot;http://perfwork.wordpress.com/2012/04/09/response-time-metric-for-sla/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in this blog post&lt;/a&gt; about taking averages of response times to account for variance in any of the above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In standard benchmarks, it is common to see 90th percentile response times used. The benchmark may specify that the 90th percentile response time of a transaction should be within x seconds. This means that only 10% of the transactions have a response time higher than x seconds and can therefore be a meaningful measure. For web applications, the requirements are usually even higher – after all, if 10% of your users are dissatisfied with the site performance, that could be a significant number of users. Therefore, it is common to see 95th percentile used for SLAs in web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A word of caution – web page response times can vary dramatically if&#xA;  measured at the last mile (i.e. real users computers that are&#xA;  connected via cable or DSL to the internet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also some information &lt;a href=&quot;http://apmblog.compuware.com/2011/06/08/why-response-times-are-often-measured-incorrectly/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; about how to measure response time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For the analysis of server-side problems measuring at the server-side&#xA;  is enough. We however have to be aware that this does not reflect the&#xA;  response times of our end users. It is a purely technical metric for&#xA;  optimizing the way we create content and service requests. The&#xA;  prerequisite to meaningful measurements is that we separate different&#xA;  transaction types properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So really, the question is what are you measuring? For server-side optimization, you probably want to isolate each AJAX request, run that with load using a load-testing tool, and see at what point it slows down beyond your acceptable standards as described in your SLA. Client-side optimization can only go so far when you don't control the client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-06-02T13:27:39.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8758" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-02T21:38:47.590" Score="1" ViewCount="1484" Body="&lt;p&gt;A company that maintains several websites for various small businesses is migrating all of the sites over to new servers (they are using some sort of migration tool). They have asked me if I could write something that will visually compare each page with its migrated page to make sure they VISUALLY look exactly the same and if there are differences then flag those pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an idea how to do this but am open to other suggestions if anyone has done this before. My thought was to input a list of every home page and use a sitemap generator to get a url of every page under each site. Then I will screen capture every page using a headless browser like phantomjs. Next I will load a host file with the names/ip of all of the migrated sites and screen capture all of the new pages (same URL's just on different ip's). Finally I will use some image comparison code (maybe wraith) to compare each screenshot with its counterpart and flag ones that are different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems like it could work but I would greatly appreciate others input. ((They also want me to automate form testing but I will create a separate post for that.))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7906" LastActivityDate="2014-08-03T14:06:00.197" Title="Automating visual web site comparison" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8759" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-02T21:46:20.547" Score="0" ViewCount="8310" Body="&lt;p&gt;can anyone here suggest a method to select an item from a dropdown menu,&#xA;using the item's position in the list? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say you have a normal dropdown menu to select the month of birth.&#xA;(Example on this page: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.plus2net.com/php_tutorial/date-selection.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.plus2net.com/php_tutorial/date-selection.php&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually the exported code from the webdriver IDE will have selected the&#xA;respective item by name. Yet i would be more handy to actually selected it&#xA;by list position. Thereby an simple integer ranging 1-12 from a database could be used to select an element on the list. This being more elegant than selecting&#xA;from a group of 12 strings (January, February, ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I welcome any input!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7907" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:02:34.657" Title="Webdriver: Selecting element by position in drop-down menu" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8685" CreationDate="2014-06-02T23:00:19.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For all practical purposes you can ignore Selenium RC. Selenium WebDriver is the thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To learn scripting, you need to learn programming (it is the same thing). Python is commonly considered best for beginners (much easier to start coding than ie Java). Learning Python will allow you to solve all kinds of problems, not only testing automation (it is universal language). But it will take some significant mental effort to become a competent programmer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of free books and other resources to learn Python on internet, including free courses on Udacity and elsewhere. EdX.org is excellent (and free!) source for all levels comp-sci education, from beginner to MS level. And Python has good bindings and lively community for Selenium testing. It is a good choice, especially if you do not have a local programming guru to guide you. If you do, ask him/her to learn Python together :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will make little sense to read about Selenium WebDriver until you are at least semi-competent programmer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few links about learning Selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://s3.amazonaws.com/hanselminutes/hanselminutes_0257.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium for Web Automation Testing with Jim Evans&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/ExigenServices/introduction-to-selenium-web-driver-14783170&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Intro to Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/praveengorantla14/selenium-webdriver-faqs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver FAQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then read docs, Google is your friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you become competent programer you need to learn about design pattern, especially PageObject, but it is way ahead in your future. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2019-04-18T13:06:53.023" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T13:06:53.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8759" CreationDate="2014-06-03T06:49:18.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what programming language you use, but in Java you can do something like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;select&quot;)));&#xA;select.selectByIndex(1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; class:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T15:02:34.657" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:02:34.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8758" CreationDate="2014-06-03T07:32:20.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wraith can take screenshots from the different versions of a website, lying upon each screenshot and show differences. - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/BBC-News/wraith&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/BBC-News/wraith&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T07:32:20.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8758" CreationDate="2014-06-03T07:55:23.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have pretty good experience with the open source &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/tplanrobot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;T-Plan VNC Robot&lt;/a&gt; or their commercial &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.t-plan.com/robot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;T-Plan Robot Enterprise&lt;/a&gt; version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VNC Robot allow you to automate any computer system that has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Network_Computing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;VNC server&lt;/a&gt; installed.&#xA;It finds and compares full or partial screenshot and you can use the supplied scripting language (with IDE) or Java to automate the tests and interact with the system keyboard and mouse interface. You should be able to automate the forms also with this testing application with ease.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The maintenance of tests that use screenshots is a bit harder, due to the fact that if the interface change you need to re-capture all or most of the screenshots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case I wonder if automation is really the correct path to follow, since the start-up of getting an automated framework up and running costs a lot of overhead of you do not repeat these tests over and over again. If its a one time comparison, maybe doing it manual is more cost effective. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2459/compare-screenshots-of-rendered-web-pages&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; for comparing web-site screenshots for a number of tools you could use for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T07:55:23.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8768" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-03T08:08:00.610" Score="5" ViewCount="1761" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a quality processes department who are responsible for processes in our organization to meet FDA standards. It seems though that they require more of us than is actually verified by FDA auditors. Unfortunately this department has a lot of political power so we pretty much have to do anything that they tell us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, one of the things they require us to do is to record a lot of stuff during the execution of tests. So for example if I test the performance of a calculator app, instead of having a test that looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Action: Multiple 2342352345 by 131345356452 and measure the time it&#xA;  takes to perform the calculation Expected result: It took no more than&#xA;  2 minutes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test would look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Action: Multiple 2342352345 by 131345356452 and record the time it&#xA;  takes to perform the calculation Expected result: Recorded time = ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Action: Verify (Pass/Fail)..............................................................................................................&#xA;  Expected result: It took no more than 2 minutes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Action: Record a screenshot of the result and attach it to the test.............................................&#xA;  Expected result: Screenshot was recorded and attached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you explain why they require us to do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastEditorUserId="7238" LastEditDate="2014-06-03T08:13:01.583" LastActivityDate="2020-05-05T19:50:02.027" Title="Recording data during tests execution" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2014-06-03T08:36:35.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.onlinestore.toolsqa.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.onlinestore.toolsqa.com&lt;/a&gt; to practice automation. It is a Ecommerce website specially built up for Automation testers, place free order and recieve emails confirmation, add to cart, product details , product listings , you can extend your test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plus it is a responsive website so mobile automation is also possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Automation Framework is also given for the beginners based on the same application to learn and practice on www.toolsqa.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&#xA;ToolsQA &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7912" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T11:20:46.610" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T11:20:46.610" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-03T10:41:08.857" Score="0" ViewCount="1156" Body="&lt;p&gt;sign out button is not responding in selenium ide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error:&#xA;&quot;&quot;&#xA;clickAt(locator, coordString)&#xA;    Arguments:&#xA;&#xA;        locator - an element locator&#xA;        coordString - specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.&#xA;&#xA;    Clicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button. If the click action causes a new page to load (like a link usually does), call waitForPageToLoad.&quot;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7914" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-06-03T11:04:42.563" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T21:12:38.200" Title="Selenium IDE: sign out button not working" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8727" CreationDate="2014-06-03T10:53:43.803" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a similar issue in the past and a lot of random failing tests because of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Internal click steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver finds the element coordinates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sets the coordinates to click&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checks if the element is still on its location&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fires Click&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During step 3 its possible the page render-er moves the elements around, because some content is being drawn and injected or content still being loading. In this case the element you want to click on gets pushed out of the location where WebDriver first found it during step 1. Also now other content could be (temporary) on top of the element during the check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our solution at the time was to wait until the page is fully loaded and all JavaScript event have finished. To know if the JavaScript is finished we implemented a isReady() function into our framework, in troublesome locations we would call it with &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the JavaScript Executor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-04T06:48:41.183" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T06:48:41.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8768" CreationDate="2014-06-03T11:23:35.313" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not necessarily the case, but I would suspect that your processes department has been bitten in the past by documentation not meeting FDA standards or by FDA auditors whose expectations are higher than the FDA standards. So they've effectively adopted a CYA approach (&quot;cover your anatomy&quot;) and insist that absolutely everything that can be documented gets documented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, they do have valid reasons for their approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sample format you've supplied requires explicit documentation of the actual output. For the kinds of software that are subject to FDA standards and FDA auditing, that data could mean the difference between winning and losing an expensive lawsuit (or having people die because of a software glitch...). Whether &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; software is life-critical or not isn't relevant - it's still being held to that level of standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The screenshot requirement is added evidence that the test was actually performed as specified. I know that sounds bad, but when faced with a mountain of repetitive manual tests, it's perfectly normal and human to not perform them precisely as written (particularly since in my experience the software updates faster than the tests can be updated to match so half the time it's impossible to perform the tests as written anyway).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short version is that your processes department is requiring both the tests and the evidence that the tests were performed so that they have the ability to &lt;em&gt;prove&lt;/em&gt; to FDA auditors that everything is meeting standards whenever an issue arises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T11:23:35.313" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8410" CreationDate="2014-06-03T17:24:18.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to their live demo's HTML, that widget is is a prettily-styled list. Rather than using javascript, you should be able to click on an element found by css &quot;div.k-widget&quot;, then click on an element with css &quot;li.k-item&quot; with the right text inside of it. That's the equivalent to how the user would interact with the device: click on the box, then click on the item they want judging by what the text is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember: with Selenium, you're usually trying to get as close as possible to how the user will interact with the page, so you can test the user's experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T17:24:18.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8776" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-03T17:30:46.453" Score="4" ViewCount="9308" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some questions about creating an Object Repository for a selenium project:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) What are the main reasons that we create an Object Repository, as opposed to hard coding the element IDs in our page classes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) What is the best approach to do this? I have seen people use an OR class with public static strings, and others create the OR class with private members with get/setters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your input is appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7266" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T00:21:52.977" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T12:55:44.070" Title="How and why create an object repository (for element locators) in a Selenium project?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8771" CreationDate="2014-06-03T19:32:54.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see in your selenese you're calling ClickAt with only one argument, the locator.&#xA; clickAt name=&amp;quot;Sign Out&amp;quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try using the plain click keyword:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt; &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt; &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;name=&amp;amp;quot;Sign Out&amp;amp;quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can try supplying coordinates for the clickAt keyword:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt; &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAt&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt; &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;name=&amp;amp;quot;Sign Out&amp;amp;quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt; &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;1,1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think either of these should resolve your error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: if you're using the IDE then put the coordinates in the box called Value, it's just below Target.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T19:32:54.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8776" CreationDate="2014-06-03T20:20:05.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what is your definition of &quot;Object Repository&quot;. I am going to assume it is some kind of central place for locators of page elements (by id, name, link text, css, or even xpath). If i am wrong, we can just kill the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In few places I've seen suggesting one central file for all locators, but it can grow pretty big pretty fast. I am using pageObject design pattern, and locators seems to belong to the page, so I keep them there. I am also using Python so I mostly keep it simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-06-03T20:20:05.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8776" CreationDate="2014-06-03T21:27:47.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess by object repository you mean external source (a file or DB) of locators for elements in  your page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I actually see no reason to follow this approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keeping locators in a separate repository is said to limit maintenance costs, as locators can be updated without a need of recompiling the code. However, both locators and page object codes are usually maintained by the same tester/team, so recompiling is not a big problem. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rather, I would say this approach increases the costs of maintenance, as locators are decoupled from elements definined in page objects. Hence, if you need to update locators you first need to understand which page object and which elements they refer to. On the other side, if you want to refactor your page object (e.g., rename one of its elements or move an element from one page object to another), you will need to take care for corresponding locators in your object repository, loosing all support your IDE would give you, if both locators and elements where parts of page object classes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, I would go for a solution with &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/FindBy.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy&lt;/code&gt; annotations&lt;/a&gt;, e.g., &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(id = &quot;password&quot;)&#xA;WebElement passwordField;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This gives you a nice balance of separating elements location from operations performed on those elements, like clicking, while still keeping locators close to the elements they identify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-04T19:52:04.983" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T19:52:04.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-04T05:54:47.793" Score="1" ViewCount="6841" Body="&lt;p&gt;What should be proper validations for text fields like country, State, city&#xA;i.e. can it be only characters or alphanumeric or can it also include special characters&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T08:18:19.237" Title="validations for text fields like country, State, cities" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7804" CreationDate="2014-06-04T07:46:43.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been involved in a BDD framework creation where in we created BDD framework using Calabash , Jbehave and Thucydides and another one we used ,in that we created reports using BDD and rest all part was written in Selenium - Java - TestNG . So Frame work used was Selenium and coding language was Java , with unit test framework TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen your problem ,for our case also we have presented a first draft to the customer and he got impress by the way of implementation we did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question to you is , can you please share some feedback or some story pattern which you followed in your project. So that I can help you or probably we can compare code of both of us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition we have some projects going in our company where in customer requirements used to come in Requirement.story pattern and testers start working on the story using Test Driven Development.&#xA;It actually helped us a lot. But yeah I would like to know from your end , as so far my experience with BDD is running smoothly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7270" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:55:02.663" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:55:02.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2300" CreationDate="2014-06-04T08:10:19.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using &quot;Microsoft Terminal Services Client&quot; for connecting to the virtual machine I would use &lt;a href=&quot;http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Network_Computing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VNC&lt;/a&gt;, since it connects directly to the active session. I have the feeling MS rdp does some more stuff to the session when you connect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even better is using a headless browser like &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;. I think it is a more real (headless) browser than HTMLUnit like others are suggestiong to use. PhantomJS is a webkit based headless browser, it should behave similar to Google Chrome and other webkit based browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a quick getting started guide: &lt;a href=&quot;http://itkosmopolit.wordpress.com/2013/11/23/quick-start-of-running-selenium-webdriver-against-phantomjs-in-java-on-windows/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://itkosmopolit.wordpress.com/2013/11/23/quick-start-of-running-selenium-webdriver-against-phantomjs-in-java-on-windows/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T08:10:19.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1941" CreationDate="2014-06-04T09:41:51.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use either &lt;code&gt;driver.close();&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;driver.quit();&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;close()&lt;/code&gt; for one browser to close and &lt;code&gt;quit()&lt;/code&gt; is to close all browsers using webdriver. But why &lt;code&gt;close()&lt;/code&gt; is not closed at runtime, but it is closed at debugging I don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7931" LastEditorUserId="2840" LastEditDate="2015-05-13T07:04:38.147" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T07:04:38.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8758" CreationDate="2014-06-04T11:35:26.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its screenshot comparison and handles false negatives very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7933" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T11:35:26.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-04T13:25:52.280" Score="2" ViewCount="3958" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does the QA support need to do during the production push or release?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that just monitor the pushing progress and run smoke test after that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if something went wrong? Are the developers going to fix it? Or roll back to older version?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any answer will be appreciate. If you happened to have any experience working in production as QA or developer please share some knowledge you have. Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7934" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T14:05:49.647" Title="What does QA support for production push/release" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8786" CreationDate="2014-06-04T15:57:31.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked for four years on a small team that didn't have a specific team structure. Generally, we would push production releases for an enterprise Java application on a 3 - 6 month cycle. The team consisted of about 4 developers with me as the only tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My primary job was to bring the team in for a soft landing. That required a lot of planning and preparation on my part, including thorough testing of the overall application before entering the &quot;release week&quot;, making sure any test automation was up to date and operational, and negotiating bug and issue fixes during weekly team meetings. As fixes were implemented and builds were produced, I would install the builds on various VM servers to test new installs, migration installs from older versions, secure server installations, network component interactions (such as user management systems), and on performance servers containing large data populations to test whether reporting capabilities were impacted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last day or two would always get intense where I would sometimes get builds every few hours to test. Working with the developers to verify the potential impact of fixes on the last few days was always an important job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T15:57:31.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8786" CreationDate="2014-06-04T16:21:51.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read somewhere that &quot;A&quot; in QA stands for &quot;Assistance&quot; not &quot;Assurance&quot;. Role of QA is to communicate with all interested parties and provide information to managers to decide if build is OK to deploy or roll back. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Business managers make decisions, QA assist by providing info and follows whatever process (or lack of thereof) is in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T16:21:51.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8786" CreationDate="2014-06-04T18:23:38.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked as both QA and Release (it was sort of nice to own both sides of the gate) and in some ways that made it easier; in some ways hard.  I had a sort of unique situation, though I am sure it exists elsewhere, but I have not encountered many who were doing both sides of the gate like I was.  What it will come down it, is the expectation of the QA Role during a release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are you there to run the UAT?&lt;/strong&gt;  Because we had the experience, of testing the changes through the QA environment, we knew what to do and what to look for.  So the UAT was quick.  It also required us less documentation to pass off to the Release Team so they would know what to test, on the odd occasions where a deployment was done by someone else on the team we did have a UAT to run and we also ran other tests knowing that certain parts of a release might touch other systems that we would want to be aware of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are you there to assure roll-back?&lt;/strong&gt;  If there is a problem we would have a roll-back plan in place, or in cases when there would be absolutely no way to roll back (those were few and far between) we had to have someone from Dev on hand to help out in case we needed to make changes.  Those couple of releases were frightening, such as the 8 hour running cursor with no logging.  Considering you mention that your Devs are doing the deploys I suspect you are in a small dev shop and everyone wears many hats, they are familiar with the code and environment so you should have few issues there - one would hope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall you may have an opportunity to define your position here.  The fact you are asking may mean  they have given you no direction other than you are involved, so determine what your comfort level is and what you will have available to test for updates in production.  If you want to test, and be sure, then you need access to Production servers to check logs, events, and other Production level debugging in case there are problems.  It can be a good thing overall, QA/RE mixes are rare and if you can do both you bring some very good experience to the table.  I've enjoyed it, and I have been comfortable debugging in Production, since I have done it a lot, but also knowing what is needed for hand-off to a RE team is also valuable, since it's different than just putting a package over the wall for someone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-06-04T18:23:38.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7452" CreationDate="2014-06-04T21:34:09.883" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;• For Android&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=fr.dvilleneuve.lockito&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lockito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; application should work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It allows to emulate movement from one location to another one.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;You can set the speed, the route is based on Google Maps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;• For iOS&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are at least 2 approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;use Xcode with GPX files&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blackpixel.com/blog/2013/05/simulating-locations-with-xcode.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's good article&lt;/a&gt; on this. Also there is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://coderwall.com/p/on-ica&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;script&lt;/a&gt; to generate GPX files with routes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;strong&gt;add location spoofing to your test scripts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Find information and code example &lt;a href=&quot;http://plainoldstan.blogspot.cz/2012/07/testing-iphone-location-app-with.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Using this you can set moving speed as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T05:51:20.503" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7211" CreationDate="2014-06-04T21:40:46.007" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please find below 2 possible solutions that might help:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; Re-download Appium using git, and initialize ChromeDriver from scratch:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;git clone https://github.com/appium/appium.git&#xA;cd appium&#xA;reset.bat --android --chromedriver-version 2.9 --verbose&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then launch Appium with &lt;code&gt;node .&lt;/code&gt; from the same directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; Or try to specify full path to ChromeDriver executable with &lt;code&gt;--chromedriver-executable&lt;/code&gt; command line argument when launching Appium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-16T22:26:34.420" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T22:26:34.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6035" CreationDate="2014-06-04T21:54:29.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The platform that need to be supported are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;iOS, Android, Windows Mobile, Windows Phone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;— For your needs you can use&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;SeeTest&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;EggPlant&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ranorex&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/solutions/mobile/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Borland Silk Mobile&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; — but they all are commercial solutions, most have free trial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;SeeTest&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is quite popular at the moment and has very positive feedback. Another good one is &lt;strong&gt;EggPlant&lt;/strong&gt; as I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;From free solutions you can look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sikuli&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; — however almost for sure you'll need additional configuration if you need to test on real devices.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Just for information:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Multi-platform tools&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, that will work for native apps, include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (iOS, Android, Firefox OS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://calaba.sh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calabash&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (iOS, Android)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MonkeyTalk&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (iOS, Android)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this tools are open-source and are free to use.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However I can't name good Windows Phone testing tools at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is a good choice if you're familiar with Selenium&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (it uses WebDriver API and supports many languages, including Java, C#, Ruby, Python, PHP, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calabash&lt;/strong&gt; is a good one as well, but it supports only Ruby. Also it has Cucumber support out of box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have no experience with &lt;strong&gt;MonkeyTalk&lt;/strong&gt;. I know it has its own language and requires source code to test mobile apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Also there are screenshot-based tools&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, they will work for mobile as well. For instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://01.org/fmbt/blogs/ask/2013/fmbt-android-ui-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;fMBT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;SeeTest&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sikuli&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;EggPlant&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ranorex&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;fMBT and Sikuli are free; SeeTest, EggPlant and Ranorex should be paid for.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their work is based on &lt;em&gt;image recognition&lt;/em&gt;. So locators are graphical images. Assertions can be made by comparison with pre-made images, and also the usually can OCR text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But when using screenshot-based tools, there can be some issues related to running tests on physical devices and to running tests in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-12T10:41:39.973" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T10:41:39.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7210" CreationDate="2014-06-04T21:59:32.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to scroll to an element first, and then click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are few solutions for scrolling to element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/20487332&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/20487332&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/BlackPepperSoftware/bp-support-selenium/blob/master/src/main/java/uk/co/blackpepper/support/selenium/WebElementUtils.java#L53&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/BlackPepperSoftware/bp-support-selenium/blob/master/src/main/java/uk/co/blackpepper/support/selenium/WebElementUtils.java#L53&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T15:11:25.633" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T15:11:25.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8710" CreationDate="2014-06-05T08:45:22.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From application perspective you need to look at below states for DB to be validated with basic cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clean up Scripts (Clearing Previous Run Data)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initial Data population (From a fresh install whatever initial configuration you need to do)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prerequisites Validations Tests (Checklist to validate before you start run - Services up / DB's accessible, able to connect to DB's with supplied credentials)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Tests (These are actual test you can run to validate, ex- calling of storedprocs with test data, updating few job tables in DB to process populated data etc..)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This provides a logical flow as well help you re-run every time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T08:45:22.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8786" CreationDate="2014-06-05T10:32:55.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll start with my favorite answer to this kind of question: it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now some detail for you - there is a big difference in the tasks a test team will do for the release of a desktop application compared to what will happen for a casual web application, and what happens for business-critical web applications with the expectation of 24/7 availability is different again, as is what happens with consumer web applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was working with business-to-business desktop applications, the test team would ensure that all items targeted for that release were complete and that automated regression had run cleanly against that release. This often meant a frantic scramble in the last few days as there were inevitably last-minute problems (particularly since it wasn't uncommon for project development to continue until minutes before the release went out).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I am now, working as the only tester for a team of 10, mostly involving a web application that's expected to be available at all times, release testing is largely integration testing first to ensure that the migration of code from the test server to the staging server has moved everything that needs to move and hasn't migrated anything that shouldn't be deployed yet. That's usually around a day, sometimes more, sometimes less. Once the staging items migrate to the production environment, I do a light-weight sanity test on each item and a small (about an hour) regression test against the production environment to check that nothing critical has been broken. That process usually takes about half a day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've known cases where releases to production happen more or less continuously and the test role was simply regular sanity checks. That happens with some of the less crucial applications where I work, and with some of the modules in the main application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It really all depends on context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T10:32:55.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8457" CreationDate="2014-06-05T12:01:58.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your problem does not have a good answer. The way Jira is built, having it alone manage testing is not worthwhile. Like you mentioned you need to see when the tests are run, what is the latest result, make test sets, link tests to defects and so on. While you could customize Jira to have more or less all of these, the solution would be too complicated to be well usable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you do not want to use another software, I would try to keep it really simple. Like one big mutable test case per user story and it's status. Issues would link to this. It could have testing status like not tested after changes/failed/passed since changes. With simple solution you will not get so detailed report, but you can easily understand what it means what you see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had a different path. Like Niels we went for a commercial product. We took a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.melioratestlab.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test management solution&lt;/a&gt; that integrates with Jira. Our developers love Jira and our testers want to have issues on test management tool. Makes re-testing easy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7946" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T12:01:58.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8057" CreationDate="2014-06-05T12:42:57.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like always, depends on the project. Agile is a fluid concept: how it is implemented varies. That said, if a QA engineer can find enough improvements apart from testing to cover his salary, then yes, there should be a QA engineer. Quite probably this QA engineer would bring the team expertise it does not have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T12:42:57.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2014-06-05T14:00:40.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know it's an old post.&#xA;Just take a look at this guys:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blazemeter.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They support 100% jmeter scripts, so you can have selenium webdriver plugin for your jmeter tests and run them against amazon EC2 instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The suggested &quot;formula&quot; per load generator (agent) is:&#xA;C = B + 1 where&#xA;C is number of concurrent users&#xA;B is number of browser instances&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;taken from here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverTutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverTutorial/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you can have both non-UI (api) and UI tests executed on blazemeter platform.&#xA;Reports are excellent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pricing could be a little &quot;problem&quot; if you need to generate really huge loads but still it's possible and guys from blazemeter are providing great support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;excellent job blazemeter!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7949" LastEditorUserId="7949" LastEditDate="2014-06-05T14:05:53.510" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T14:05:53.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8786" CreationDate="2014-06-05T14:05:49.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my personal experience&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For large deployment, I have seen demo workflows run to validate all the flows across different systems work seamlessly before releasing it to customers. This was done by production support team with assistance from QA / Product Management Teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case of any issue encountered (script failing due to data issue), a quick call / decision made to decide on fixing it / addressing it later&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA would have read only test queries to check / validate meta data loaded in the System&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production release issues / roll back decisions / queries can be answered swiftly when DEV - QA - UAT teams are available on call / present during deployment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T14:05:49.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8727" CreationDate="2014-06-05T14:06:31.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the similar issue. I solved it by clicking at particular subtag inside the div. Can you share your locator used for this element? And also get the location of that element, scroll down to that element and then click that element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7942" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T14:06:31.747" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8768" CreationDate="2014-06-05T16:16:06.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;FDA standards are not my area of expertise, but I will give this a shot based on working in similar systems (ISO 9001, electromagnetic compatibility testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, your example is a bit strange in that your expected results should be in the form of some limit or threshold. For example, the first example above should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Action&lt;/em&gt;: Multiply 2342352345 by 131345356452 and measure the time it takes to perform the calculation &#xA;&lt;em&gt;Expected result&lt;/em&gt;: Action complete in less than 2 minutes&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Actual result&lt;/em&gt;: It took no more than 2 minutes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that, the requirement to take a screenshot of the result would make sense if the screen displayed the time in seconds. However, to record it properly there should be two screenshots: the first to record the intial time and action initial state and a second to record the time and showing the action completion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that preface, here are the most likely reasons for the more elaborate procedure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;People change jobs&lt;/strong&gt;. The evidence you create during the tests have to stand alone without having to interview the person conducting the test. Just having a tester check a box indicating &quot;Pass&quot; would not be sufficient documentation of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Memory is unreliable&lt;/strong&gt;. Even if the person is still at the job, multiple experiments have shown that memories can be faulty even a short time after an event (e.g. the gorilla in the room). The test results should be sufficient to indicate the completion of the test, independent of the tester's memory of the event.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Procedures can be wrong or incomplete&lt;/strong&gt;. In your example, the &quot;intent&quot; may have been to hand-calculate the numbers and enter the result back into the computer. If the second screenshot showed the result in the calculator app in Windows, that would alert the reviewer of a process problem. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The test results should be independent of tester skill or organization culture&lt;/strong&gt;. Hand-written results require good hand writing. Typed results require a good grasp of corporate terminology. A screenshot is relatively independent of these factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-06-05T16:16:06.750" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8802" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-05T19:06:38.490" Score="21" ViewCount="58068" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need a list of some good tools which are open source and meant for automating the UI testing of Windows GUI. Any help will certainly be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7950" LastActivityDate="2019-10-03T12:09:08.803" Title="What are some good open source UI Testing tools for testing Windows GUI?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22395" CreationDate="2014-06-05T19:17:25.193" Score="1" ViewCount="3752" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working to write some Selenium WebDriver scripts that work with Telerik RadEditor controls. I can successfully enter content into the RadEditor in the following way with C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;Id_Of_RadEditor_Iframe&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;Hello World!&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I have not been able to find a way to clear the existing content of the RadEditor. If I attempt the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;Id_Of_RadEditor_Iframe&quot;)).Clear();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will get this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.InvalidElementStateException: invalid element state:&#xA;Element must be user-editable in order to clear it.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know a way to clear the existing content from the RadEditor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Does anyone think this may be a bug in Selenium WebDriver? Since I know the IFrame is editable since I can successfully perform &lt;code&gt;SendKeys()&lt;/code&gt;. This seems to make the error incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kerry&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7915" LastEditorUserId="7618" LastEditDate="2014-06-14T07:17:00.173" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T18:22:34.857" Title="Selenium WebDriver - How to clear RadEditor content" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8768" CreationDate="2014-06-06T03:34:41.153" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a better level of precision in your second example. A simple pass/fail evaluation gives you one piece of data - that the calculation ran in less than 2 minutes. But if this same test is run 6 months from now and still comes in under 2 minutes, will you know whether performance has increased, decreased, or remained the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just this week I tested an optimization to a query. The Acceptance Criteria was only that the query run in less than 30 minutes (it is a large data load). For my test environment, I ran the test before applying the changes, and it ran in 31 seconds (a Pass). After the optimization, I ran the query against the same data, and it took 53 seconds (also a Pass). In both the Before and After tests, the Acceptance Criteria of &lt;em&gt;&amp;lt; 30 Minutes&lt;/em&gt; was met, but it was worth another look at the query to see why it took longer after the fix than it did before. A simple Pass/Fail evaluation would not have initiated that second look.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to the screenshot, as Kate has said, that is just a way to guarantee that the work was done when the tester said it was done. Screen shots typically have time and date from the system clock. If there are ever concerns, the time of code changes can be compared to test time to guarantee the correct code was tested, or to explain discrepancies (if the test result was obtained prior to the code being moved into QA, for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2606" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T03:34:41.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8887" CreationDate="2014-06-06T05:04:56.517" Score="3" ViewCount="5274" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our app uses tabs (&lt;code&gt;android.widget.TabWidget&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks similar to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VYbd_l1IE_M/UfIVb7iFl8I/AAAAAAAAAmw/-v1R4MJI-k8/s400/tab1.png&quot; alt=&quot;example&quot;&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Calabash, how to verify that 'TAB1' is selected in example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7099" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T09:42:41.460" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T21:36:49.940" Title="How to know which tab is currently selected on my Android app, using Calabash?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;calabash&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8807" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-06T05:18:57.137" Score="4" ViewCount="925" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently most of the industries are using Agile based software development methodologies. And in Agile based development, we already have test cases in hand before development work starts. So, can anyone tell me how software defect prediction model fit/help in this type of development from industry's point of view ? (Mean reduction in testing cost or improving software quality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one more thing. In agile based development, QA activity is performed by developer. So, can the developer use the software defect prediction at his end for checking the code for bugs? or in a agile project, at the end of iteration when a functioning piece of working software is released, we can perform defect prediction to find out defect-prone files. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find out how traditional software defect prediction process can be use in agile environment? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7954" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T10:09:37.857" Title="What are the benefits of using software Defect prediction in Agile based software development?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8808" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8812" CreationDate="2014-06-06T12:07:56.433" Score="0" ViewCount="298" Body="&lt;p&gt;I 'd like to test a system that exposes different routes and API to have data (represented in JSON) that are then used by different client applications (iOS, Android, WebApp).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my aim is to replicate the behavior of an application that interacts with the backend (using HTTP GET/POST requests), but staying agnostic from the view level and the client platform itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The behavior can be considered the same one for every client application, so at the moment I'm not interested to do end-to-end tests considering the UI, but only to be sure that the backend can provide the right data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My final goal is to have a component that monitors that the backend is up and the data can be provided well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible this kind of approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know any tools/methodologies that can be useful?    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7960" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T16:42:42.337" Title="Is it possible to test app behaviors without considering UI and client platform?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8816" CreationDate="2014-06-06T14:47:36.673" Score="3" ViewCount="8812" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test ready to be executed but it takes a long time to finish. In this test I'm feeding in csv data, so basically the whole test will run 56 times. I was wondering if there's anyway I could use multiple browser instance and divide the workload to four instance. It will save me some time. I tried to use TestNG's ThreadPoolSize but it's not doing what I want it to. It's using the same data for four instances of firefox. I want each browser to have it's own unique data. Please check my code and let me know what I'm missing. I really appriciate every one's help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class StudentPageTest {&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capability; &#xA;WebElement element;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait;&#xA;private String baseURL;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException{&#xA;//capability = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;//driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;//wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 120);&#xA;//driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;baseURL = &quot;http://somewebsite.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;@SuppressWarnings(&quot;resource&quot;)&#xA;@Test(threadPoolSize = 4)&#xA;public void StudentPortalTest() throws InterruptedException, IOException{&#xA;driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 120);&#xA;driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;String studentId = &quot;studentID.csv&quot;;&#xA;BufferedReader br = null;&#xA;String line = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;String cvsSplitBy = &quot;,&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(studentId));&#xA;while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {&#xA;    String[] student_id = line.split(cvsSplitBy);&#xA;&#xA;    //Logging in Student Portal---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; student_id.length; i++) {       &#xA;        driver.get(baseURL+student_id[i]);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.logo&amp;gt;img&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#UserName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;SecretUserName&quot;);&#xA;               n      driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#Password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;EvenMoreSecretPassword&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.submitBtn&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(120, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;       ...............and the test goes on below................... &#xA;}&#xA;@AfterTest&#xA;public void tearDown(){&#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7962" LastActivityDate="2014-06-07T20:09:29.307" Title="How to run multiple browser instance with Webdriver, Java, and Junit/TestNG?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-06T16:35:11.170" Score="2" ViewCount="578" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium opens browser and loads page, then stops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have inherited a selenium project with no internal documentation and I'm a bit stuck on how to get it up and running (I am new to Selenium). We've gotten to a point where the program will open up an instance of firefox and load up the correct URL, but it never appears to even attempt to log in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're running Selenium 2.26.0 and Firefox 18.0.2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test suite is as follows (I've shortened the package and import directories for privacy):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pro.selenium.testSuites;&#xA;&#xA;import org.jbehave.core.annotations.UsingSteps;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import pro.automation.annotations.AutomationAnnotations.PageObjects;&#xA;import pro.automation.annotations.AutomationAnnotations.StoryPath;&#xA;import pro.selenium.pageObjects.PageExecutiveDashboard;&#xA;import pro.selenium.pageObjects.PageExecutiveOverallExpansion;&#xA;import pro.selenium.pageObjects.PageLogin;&#xA;import pro.selenium.pageObjects.PageTeamDriverStatistics;&#xA;import selenium.steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;&#xA;@UsingSteps(instances={LoginSteps.class})&#xA;@PageObjects(list={PageLogin.class, PageExecutiveDashboard.class, PageTeamDriverStatistics.class, PageExecutiveOverallExpansion.class})&#xA;@StoryPath(path=&quot;Login.story&quot;)&#xA;public class LoginTest extends WebStories {&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test(){}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The story is here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: TC1241: Log In - Blank User Name and Password Error&#xA;Given I am on the Login page&#xA;When I click the Login button&#xA;Then I validate the Error text contains &quot;Username is a required field.&quot;&#xA;And I validate the Error text contains &quot;Password is a required field.&quot;&#xA;And I validate the User Name textfield is &quot;&quot;&#xA;And I validate the Password textfield is &quot;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run it all, the console shows only the following and then stops. On the browser itself there is never any change. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: TC1241: Log In - Blank User Name and Password Error&#xA;Given I am on the Login page&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas of what I could be missing here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7964" LastEditorUserId="7964" LastEditDate="2014-06-06T16:42:32.923" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T17:40:22.583" Title="Selenium opens browser and loads page, then stops" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;jbehave&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8808" CreationDate="2014-06-06T16:42:42.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing at the API level is quite possible, and usually well worth the effort, especially when there are multiple consumers for that API, or if the API is available for public use.  There is a related question/answer you might want to read through here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6745/how-do-you-test-a-backend-api/6748#6748&quot;&gt;How do you test a backend API&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as tools for a REST web service, there are a number of options.  You can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A GUI tool such as SoapUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load/performance testing tools like Jmeter.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple manual testing using tools such as Postman (chrome plugin).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write automation code using HTTP and JSON libraries for your favorite programming language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach I have taken, which may be a good approach if you or someone on your team can write code would be to use an HTTP and JSON library.  Examples for C# would be the built in .net http request and json.net.  Examples for Java would be Apache httpclient and Jackson.  You will also be using a tool like Fiddler, HTTPWatch, or Wireshark or one of the built in http traffic watchers in the browser developer tools to get the request information you need to build the requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach I typically take is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create basic requests to all of the service endpoints&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a json schema (See &lt;a href=&quot;http://json-schema.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://json-schema.org/&lt;/a&gt;) to validate responses. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create specific test cases to validate the REST API behavior and assert on expected response values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record traffic from all of the known existing clients and create test cases based off of that traffic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create additional tests taking into consideration potential future use of the API and edge cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The good thing about the json schema is that you create a contract, and get feedback immediately when that contract is broken.  This would be useful for the monitoring you mentioned in your question.  You could have a set of simple tests that run on a schedule and validate that the response is a 200 response code and the json returned complies to the schema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T16:42:42.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8638" CreationDate="2014-06-06T16:57:00.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have very positive experience with &lt;strong&gt;Selenium&lt;/strong&gt; (desktop) and &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; (mobile) in collaboration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium (WebDriver)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; has good support and a huge community of users&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;it's very easy to find solution for almost every problem&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is actively developed, uses Selenium's API, supports iOS and Android, and many languages (Java, C#, Ruby, Python, PHP, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They are good in collaboration because:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Multi-platform tests = the same test could be executed on desktop, iOS, Android&lt;br&gt;&#xA;— Test scaling = easy to run tests in parallel; it's based on the same technology — Selenium Grid&lt;br&gt;&#xA;— Most modern browsers are supported (almost everything for desktop, native + Chrome for mobile)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Unfortunately I have no experience with Sahi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-06T17:04:51.067" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T17:04:51.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8807" CreationDate="2014-06-06T17:08:32.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think it's much use - the idea of agile is rapid feedback and so bugs are found quickly not 6 months later using defect prediction.&#xA;I'm also dubious about using default prediction models anyway&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T17:08:32.433" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8768" CreationDate="2014-06-06T21:09:43.910" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the FDA you are required to report on traceability from each product Requirement to the passing Test Result.  Information captured needs to include details of the test environment, acceptance criteria, objective evidence demonstrating that the requirement has been implemented and statement whether the test passed or failed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your test case example above, the expected result &quot;Screenshot was recorded and attached.&quot; is not really needed.  This is not a verification of a product requirement.  This is a process step.  Write your test cases so that the only objective evidence which you gather is directly in support of verification of requirements (i.e., there is no product requirement about screenshots being recorded and attached).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully, you don't have to deal with physical print-outs of objective evidence which need to be initialed and dated.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW:  if you are ever invited to appear in front of an auditor, you will be grateful that there is this level of documentation about what was done.  It isn't always the manager who is questioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2014-06-06T21:09:43.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8809" CreationDate="2014-06-06T21:17:14.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your have four threads, each running test in a separate browser instance, but reading whole file again and again. This is because each thread knows nothing about what test data other threads used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A solution to the problem is to move loading and distributing test data among threads outside the test so that something else passes test data D1 to thread T1, D2 to T2, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In TestNG this boils down to just a few steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implementing &lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&lt;/code&gt; annotated method that will load test data from file (see sample implementation &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lysergicjava.com/?p=165&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters-dataproviders&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Telling &lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&lt;/code&gt; method&lt;/a&gt; to run in parallel as well &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;loadData&quot;, parallel = true)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Telling the test to use the defined data provider but omitting &lt;code&gt;threadPoolSize&lt;/code&gt; parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(dataProvider =  &quot;loadData&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configuring how many data provider instances in parallel must be run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Parallel data providers running from an XML file share the same pool of threads, which has a size of 10 by default. You can modify this value in the  tag of your XML file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite1&quot; data-provider-thread-count=&quot;20&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-07T20:09:29.307" LastActivityDate="2014-06-07T20:09:29.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8817" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-06T22:52:53.460" Score="2" ViewCount="1540" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are developing Page Object Model Framework for our web application test. The problem is we are having three different structure for the same page type. We want our automation to work in all cases. What is the best way to handle these scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7942" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T02:39:22.547" Title="Best approach for Page Object Model Framework where the page structure changes very frequently" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8817" CreationDate="2014-06-07T02:12:14.463" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;My first advice is to not write automated tests for pages that change frequently.  You may be better off testing those pages manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you insist on automation, think about which aspects of the pages do not change, and write classes to model those aspects.  For example, if forms always consist of text fields and a submit button, you can write a class to model that.  Or if your submit buttons always have the same CSS class, or always have the same ID, you can write a class to model that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-06-07T02:12:14.463" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8819" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8820" CreationDate="2014-06-07T12:34:58.500" Score="1" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently started playing/experiencing with Kali Linux and with some of the tools that are embedded within it. The problem I had is finding some entry level guides/examples that I can use to latch on and perhaps go further with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any of you guys mind sharing some of those tutorials?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2014-06-07T19:01:32.990" Title="Security/Penetration testing additional tools" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8819" CreationDate="2014-06-07T19:01:32.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pls check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good Set of Tutorials - &lt;a href=&quot;https://pentesterlab.com/bootcamp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://pentesterlab.com/bootcamp/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exercises - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pentesterlab.com/exercises/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.pentesterlab.com/exercises/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pacemaker &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Lekensteyn/pacemaker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Lekensteyn/pacemaker&lt;/a&gt; - Server side exploitation software - Python based&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to setup pentest lab - &lt;a href=&quot;http://anantshri.info/presentations/how-to-setup-a-pen-test-lab&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://anantshri.info/presentations/how-to-setup-a-pen-test-lab&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-06-07T19:01:32.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-09T08:11:20.427" Score="1" ViewCount="3013" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running a recorded test plan. I have assigned 25 users in the Thread Group, with a Ramp-up Period of 25 and Loop Count of 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what happens:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start the test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While the test is running, in the upper right-hand corner the user number gets incremented to 9/25. At some level, the number remains constant 9/25 and then shows 8/25. After some time, the number automatically gets decremented by 1, 7/25....0/25.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Database, I see the login entries for only 9 users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does my test plan not run for the 25 users? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7974" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-06-09T11:09:18.390" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T05:38:58.840" Title="jmeter thread group not running all assigned users" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8057" CreationDate="2014-06-09T10:05:52.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While it is impossible to give an answer that will apply to every organization and project, this is a great question that has spurred some excellent discussion. The given answers and references give clear and concise definitions of titles. But trying to fit those into an Agile process just isn't going to work perfectly. I propose momentarily forgetting titles and typical job duties, and instead working backwards. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For maximum impact in an Agile Environment, QA must perform two roles:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Test the Product&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good QA finds and files &lt;strong&gt;defects&lt;/strong&gt;, tests and closes tickets,&#xA;performs a wide variety of testing ( exploratory, regression,&#xA;integration, etc.), and probably writes automated test scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great QA knows finding bugs is only half the battle, and works to&#xA;ensure a great &lt;strong&gt;user experience&lt;/strong&gt; (through usability testing, and&#xA;deep analysis of whether the product is truly delivering what the&#xA;users need).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Improve the Process&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good QA finds ways to improve their daily work - looking for&#xA;bottlenecks and working to eliminate them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Great QA continuously finds ways to improve the QA process for the&#xA;entire team. Sometimes this means trying different tools, or in many&#xA;cases, creating your own.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exceptional QA has a continuous stream of brain power always running&#xA;in the background, taking note of not just her own frustrations and&#xA;blockers, but those of her teammates. She later reviews those&#xA;moments, finds the pain points, and beings compiling possible&#xA;solutions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exceptional QA works with every department to make quality a priority for each employee, and finds ways to improve every step of the software development process. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's no easy task to be able to test the product and improve the process in a fast-paced Agile Development.  It requires discipline and strong time management and prioritization skills.  The people who perform best in this position must be able to not only properly prioritize their own work, but need to monitor non-stop incoming information and infinite variables to recognize when priorities have shifted, and when teammates priorities are out of sync.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No matter what title you give the position, there should definitely be a QA presence in Agile Development that goes beyond just testing.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile calls for lean processes - it's QA's job to find ways to&#xA;eliminate unnecessary process and make it as efficient as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile calls for less time wasted on documentation - it's QA's job to&#xA;determine which documentation is going to save time in the long run,&#xA;and then figure out how to automate as much of it as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7387" LastActivityDate="2014-06-09T10:05:52.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8824" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-09T11:47:13.930" Score="0" ViewCount="740" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario where it is necessary to execute some scripts daily.Is it possible to automate the execution via some tools.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7976" LastEditorUserId="7976" LastEditDate="2014-06-09T12:04:11.957" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T12:38:30.063" Title="Can db2 scripts be automated?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8825" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-09T12:46:45.267" Score="0" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use Meliora Testlab to get test results from automated tests which are run on Selenium. We use the requirements module to track the user stories. For manual tests this works great - I need to see how user stories in each sprint are tested, but now that we are planning to replace some of the manual test cases with automated ones, I'm wondering how I should interpret the results. Should I handle the automated and manual tests cases as equal? Or is it just easier to start using two different reports. I suppose we will not get so much failing automated tests as manual ones, so what will I learn? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T11:05:42.297" Title="How to interpret big picture of testing with automated test results" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8826" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-09T18:16:45.380" Score="2" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;My firm develops a secondary product which is based on Win32 desktop application. That application has to be tested on multiple configuration (Windows version, service pack, installed flash version etc) hence we have to maintain a set of desktops with various setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any service that can save me the need to setup such lab?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7977" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T00:17:23.903" Title="Windows Desktop Test Lab" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8780" CreationDate="2014-06-09T19:30:38.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least, it should be alphanumeric, plus ',', '.', '-', '#', '/' (e.g. &quot;Washington, D.C&quot;, or &quot;New-York&quot;). Possibly there could be more special characters, and in some cases it could allow hieroglyphs.&#xA;The most accurate answer for your question should be in specification of the product you test. And if there is none, try asking managers or developers, which characters should be allowed and which shouldn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5608" LastActivityDate="2014-06-09T19:30:38.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8385" CreationDate="2014-06-09T20:42:49.920" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The possible solution is below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Then /^I verify text in email field$/ do&#xA;  expected_text = &quot;cuong24@yahoo.com&quot;&#xA;  actual_text = query(&quot;EditText id:'txt_email'&quot;, :text).first&#xA;  unless expected_text == actual_text&#xA;    fail &quot;Text in email field is incorrect. Expected '#{expected_text}', but got '#{actual_text}'.&quot;&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be parametrized as well, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Then /^email should be &quot;.*&quot;$/ do |expected_email|&#xA;  actual_email = query(&quot;EditText id:'txt_email'&quot;, :text).first&#xA;  unless expected_email == actual_email&#xA;    fail &quot;Text in email field is incorrect. Expected '#{expected_text}', but got '#{actual_text}'.&quot;&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-09T20:42:49.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8780" CreationDate="2014-06-10T04:33:54.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should be depends on your application, in your application country field should be dropdown values means system has to filter state based on country which user selected. Else country should be text field means it should accept character, some special characters etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T04:33:54.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8825" CreationDate="2014-06-10T06:27:14.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I suppose we will not get so much failing automated tests as manual ones, so what will I learn? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests are not there to detect new bugs. They serve the purpose of certifying  (checking ) the intended functionality is working as per the verification rules incorporated in the test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testing is actually intelligent testing and can find more bugs going beyond what is written in test case descriptions. Automated cases save effort/resources when you are repeating in every sprint faithfully doing the job of checking every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In way think automation more from point of view of a quality gate. Of course one can keep on investing and improving this quality gate by learning from failed manual case and incorporating the new rule of verification in all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm wondering how I should interpret the results. Should I handle the automated and manual tests cases as equal? Or is it just easier to start using two different reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the purpose of manual (intelligent) testing to discover bugs and automated testing to do the checking they should be treated differently.  It's not only easier to use two different reports but its useful while doing root cause analysis for understanding and planning focus areas and improvements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-06-10T11:05:42.297" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T11:05:42.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8821" CreationDate="2014-06-10T08:35:10.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The behavior is expected as when the thread has done its work and has nothing else to do it's getting stopped. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to provide enough users and loops (don't hesitate to set 100 to ensure that the users will be more or less unique) and use &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; to orchestrate the load and set it 25 requests per second (or 1500 requests per minute). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T08:35:10.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8824" CreationDate="2014-06-10T09:26:26.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's possible and in two different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AST&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the Administrative Task Scheduled (ATS) built inside &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/api/content/SSEPGG_9.5.0/com.ibm.db2.luw.admin.gui.doc/doc/c0054380.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;db2&lt;/a&gt; to execute scheduled operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Command Line&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the db2 command can also read command from a file specified from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/data/library/techarticle/dm-0503melnyk/#optionflags&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;command line&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two solution have both pros and cons: the setup of the AST solution requires administrative privileges on the db while the command line doesn't need changes on the database, on the other side the command line version requires to be scheduled using an external cron daemon while the AST use the scheduling service offered by db2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7982" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T09:26:26.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7025" CreationDate="2014-06-10T10:21:17.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked on systems which involved (Async Processing). The implementation of Asyc processing will be technically achieved through below examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Queue based processing (Service Broker / MQ Series)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Custom Tracking tables (JMS etc..)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all this cases, You can either validate by having&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retry for fixed number of times with configurable timeouts to validate messages are processed. I have seen a similar case in file processing, file will be picked up but it will not be loaded completely (processing). In this scenario I wait and retry for a configurable number of times to validate data loaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Option#2 - If you have any tracking table you can run your validation once tracking table notifies messaged is processed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Option#3 - Wait until all messages are cleared from the queues, directly query where the message queues where messages are stored intermittently to identify message status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T10:21:17.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8834" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-10T10:46:55.177" Score="3" ViewCount="3664" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apologies if this is not the forum for such a generic question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As our organisation moves to an Agile project methodology, we need to be able to rapidly automate applications as they are built up over a number of sprints, adding to the tests / test suites as we go, to create a re-useable test pack that can be maintained by more than one tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand fully how to create a framework for this using Webdriver and CI.  The issue we have currently is the lack of Webdriver experience and the overheads in training testers to code.  We're therefore looking at proving (or otherwise) the use of the Selenium IDE as either an interim or medium term solution.  Potential might be to port Selenese tests / suites to e.g. Webdriver Java/Junit at a later date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few questions:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can Selenese scripts (HTML) be usefully built into suites that can be maintained by multiple team members&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What prospect (if any) is there to benefit from Continuous Integration (e.g. Jenkins) when 'builds' consist only of Selenese scripts?  I don't understand how this might work without a supporting tool such as Maven to manage builds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming that managing Selenese scripts in a CI environment is a non-starter, what alternative frameworks exist that might support using SeleniumIDE / Selenese as the primary automation tool?  We need the option to run suites on schedules, if not to be triggered by code check ins.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My initial thoughts are to simply rule out CI and create an online Subversion repository to manage version control.  We can then perhaps using a Windows or custom scheduler to run the scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5776" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T11:36:17.427" Title="Selenium IDE and Selenese scripts in Continuous Integration" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8826" CreationDate="2014-06-10T11:03:36.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't have specific hardware needs for the application, you could try &lt;a href=&quot;http://aws.amazon.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Amazon Web Services&lt;/a&gt;. They have a variety of operating system versions that you can use to provision your virtual machines, which you can keep to a once and done arrangement if you wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The free level of service might not be enough for you, and I don't know what the pricing is for higher service levels, but it's a way of provisioning a test lab with multiple configurations without needing a huge amount of hardware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other cloud hosts as well - Amazon is the only one I've actually worked with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T11:03:36.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8834" CreationDate="2014-06-10T11:08:54.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt; is the evolution of the Selenium IDE. Its &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/tools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tooling page&lt;/a&gt; has &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJJyLJfot6Q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a video (11 minutes)&lt;/a&gt; about using it with &lt;a href=&quot;https://travis-ci.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Travis-CI&lt;/a&gt;. Although I haven't watched it I expect it will answer most of your questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To simplify test building (for non developers) I would suggest using something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt; or another BDD framework, you can then make a lot of predefined steps that the testers can use to build tests. You can have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.te52.com/features/?tab=testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Tellurium features page&lt;/a&gt; they have a similar concept which allows testers to build test with just predefined steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="2862" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T11:36:17.427" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T11:36:17.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8824" CreationDate="2014-06-10T11:58:26.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you would like kind of automated tool which is not only capable of executing queries but also report execution time, perform assertions on returned result set, re-using return values for further queries, etc. I would recommend to look into &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; which can talk to DB2 instance via JDBC (assuming that you have relevant JDBC driver in JMeter classpath) and execute queries/scripts through &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JDBC Request Sampler&lt;/a&gt; provided. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an option it'll allow to do performance testing of your DB2 instance by sending concurrent queries and collecting performance metrics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/secret-building-database-test-plan-with-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Real Secret to Building a Database Test Plan With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T11:58:26.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-10T14:18:16.247" Score="10" ViewCount="12282" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is webdriver capable to run a browser with a faked time, date or time zone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such ability would be highly useful for my automation purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet, I did not find any such ability in the webdriver documentation.&#xA;I guess such functionality is quite sophisticated as it would require&#xA;to intercept and feedback altered Kernel calls. Therefore not necessarily included into webdriver - can you tell me otherwise?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you suggest any other method to spoof browser time settings that works&#xA;  with Selenium? I am open for Windows/Linux solutions. Yet this way has to&#xA;  work with webdriver automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;em&gt;Olivier&#xA;(Indeed a great blend of people here at  stackexchange.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7984" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:52:09.627" LastActivityDate="2019-09-13T05:21:15.923" Title="Faking system time/date with Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8838" CreationDate="2014-06-10T14:53:05.263" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The browser date/time functions are all JavaScript. You should be able to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://sinonjs.org/docs/#clock-api&quot;&gt;Sinon.JS&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/plaa/TimeShift-js&quot;&gt;TimeShift.JS&lt;/a&gt; to mock the date/time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inject/Add the mocking framework during tests runs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mock the Date object with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/selenium/how-to-execute-javascript-in-selenium-webdriver/&quot;&gt;the JavaScript Executor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set the timezone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now all calls to the internal Date object will return the shifted time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For examples see &lt;a href=&quot;http://codeforhire.com/2013/08/11/testing-time-dependent-features-in-javascript/&quot;&gt;this post with TimeShift.JS&lt;/a&gt; and something like this is also described in &lt;a href=&quot;http://makandracards.com/makandra/10753-mock-the-browser-time-in-selenium-features&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt;, although it uses ruby TimeCop for time sync.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T14:53:05.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8834" CreationDate="2014-06-10T18:09:41.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your team members don't have much development experience and you would like to use Selenium Webdriver for your automation tests I highly recommend taking a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Robot Framework is a generic framework to which you can easily plug in external libraries and script your automation tests using keywords. There is &lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Library&lt;/a&gt; which gives you full power of Selenium Webdriver via &lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Keywords&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;library keywords&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Selenium test could look something like this (example taken from the official RF site):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Documentation     A test suite with a single test for valid login.&#xA;...&#xA;...               This test has a workflow that is created using keywords in&#xA;...               the imported resource file.&#xA;Resource          resource.txt&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;Valid Login&#xA;    Open Browser To Login Page&#xA;    Input Username    demo&#xA;    Input Password    mode&#xA;    Submit Credentials&#xA;    Welcome Page Should Be Open&#xA;    [Teardown]    Close Browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also quite easy to plug in your Robot Framework tests into CI such as Jenkins. There is a ready made plugin for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you have already suggested, having only automation test scripts on the CI server doesn't make that much sense although it could be used for example for hourly or nightly test automation runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could benefit from CI process much more if had your software builds committed to a version control repository. CI server could then launch your functional / regression Selenium tests after each commit or hourly / nightly, in case the automation test set takes too long to run. Automation tests which are run after each commit shouldn't take longer than few mins in order to get quick feedback on the build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4273" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T18:09:41.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7959" CreationDate="2014-06-10T19:01:21.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems like you don't want to report error if element was not found. In such case, the most straight-forward way is to run the keyword and ignore errors if element is not found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Ignore Error    Click Element    id=element_id&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, hard-coding sleep intervals can make your tests slow and flaky. Using &lt;code&gt;Wait Until Page Contains&lt;/code&gt; is better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4273" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T19:01:21.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8842" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8856" CreationDate="2014-06-10T19:52:09.333" Score="2" ViewCount="3135" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've written a series of integration tests and have associated them with matching test cases in TFS. I'm currently running the tests with MSTest and have successfully published the results to the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem: None of my results are appearing in Microsoft Test Manager. How can I ensure that the test results become available in Microsoft Test Manager with the associated test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7987" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T10:31:33.893" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T10:31:33.893" Title="Publish MSTest results to Microsoft Test Manager" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8842" CreationDate="2014-06-10T21:31:41.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This link describes the steps to set this up:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286680%28v=vs.110%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286680(v=vs.110).aspx&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, about half way down the page:&#xA;&quot;If you want to run your automated tests and have the results added to a test plan, you can associate your automated tests with test cases using Visual Studio, and then run them using Microsoft Test Manager, as shown in the following illustration.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T21:31:41.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8834" CreationDate="2014-06-10T21:35:15.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenese scripts generated by IDE are HTML without parameters, unlike traditional scripting/programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What programming language is main language in your organization? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python is very easy to learn and has good Selenium bindings. Also, &lt;strong&gt;learning general programming language (Python) could be interesting career-enhancing move for your testers (so they might be very willing and interested),&lt;/strong&gt; and there are excellent free/very cheap online resources. With one guru to customize general patterns to your needs, most of test development is quite repetitive and could be easily mastered by rest of your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-06-10T21:35:15.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8846" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-11T04:44:49.270" Score="1" ViewCount="2292" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a website. Here is the URL : &lt;a href=&quot;http://northeastindiaholidays.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://northeastindiaholidays.com/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two sliders on the front page: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The one with in the background, with a full resolution image. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The second one which slides the name of the background image.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking about the possible functional and UI test scenarios for the slider only. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if it is possible or even useful to design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if we design any such test cases, what would they be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean a few examples here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And can we use Selenium webdriver to execute those tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T21:53:12.490" Title="Functional and UI Test cases for a Slider" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8848" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-11T10:56:46.077" Score="1" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have partial memory recollection of product for .NET and Visual Studio that runs impacted unit tests right after you change one line or something like that. It has some smart code impact detection and test scheduler. Does anyone know anything about such product? I've forgotten even how to google for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7986" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T06:39:25.790" Title="Run impacted tests right after code change" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8842" CreationDate="2014-06-11T12:21:23.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms243151.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;publish&lt;/a&gt; command?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;/publish&lt;/strong&gt;:[ server name]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the /publish option to publish test data to the database for the team project collection associated with the project's Team Foundation Server.&#xA;When you use the /publish option, you must correctly specify the name of the Team Foundation Server. The correct format depends on whether the Team Foundation Server has been registered on the client computer, as described here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T12:21:23.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8824" CreationDate="2014-06-11T12:38:30.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my side I can suggest you to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/JDBC/getting-started.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; tool. It allows you to manage your DB tests and extend them with scripting using Groovy. Or you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://groovy.codehaus.org/Tutorial+6+-+Groovy+SQL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Groovy&lt;/a&gt; and built in API for SQL handling and implement your own framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T12:38:30.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8429" CreationDate="2014-06-11T13:13:34.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/20/137.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB glossary of terms&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alpha testing&lt;/strong&gt;: Simulated or actual operational testing by potential users/customers or an independent test team at the developers’ site, but outside the development organization. Alpha testing is often employed for off-the-shelf software as a form of internal acceptance&#xA;testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System testing&lt;/strong&gt;: The process of testing an integrated system to verify that it meets specified requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T13:13:34.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8848" CreationDate="2014-06-11T13:37:47.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hard part is to figure out which tests to run for change of certain source file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nose-knows builds this relationships from coverage analysis: &lt;a href=&quot;http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.testing.general/5873&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Announcement&lt;/a&gt; - for Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is on my list to try in my copious free time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T13:37:47.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8854" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-11T15:04:41.367" Score="2" ViewCount="2251" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of any alternative to Selenium Grid's console?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are thinking about building our own console. What I was asking was, are there any alternatives out there for the default Selenium console?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6858" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T08:52:25.857" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T15:54:38.103" Title="Alternative to Selenium Grid Console?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8842" CreationDate="2014-06-11T16:55:13.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried the VSTest.Console.exe (&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj155796.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;)?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done this with the   /logger:TfsPublisher   option and a link to the MTM test result was provided with the completed test execution.  It turns out that there isn't a way using the UI to get to this test result record, but with the link the test result record was visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T16:55:13.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8842" CreationDate="2014-06-11T18:43:54.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I don't think this scenario is possible with mstest.  The /publish command is supposed to be used to associate test runs with builds.  MTM is displaying test results that are associated with test plans/suites which are somewhat independent of builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you're going to have to use tcm.exe to get what you're after.  It's a command line interface to running tests, similar to mstest, but it runs the tests through the infrastructure you set up in MTM.  Here's the documentation page: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd465192.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd465192.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T18:43:54.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8660" CreationDate="2014-06-11T21:47:17.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There can be at least 2 solutions.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1st possible solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Then /^I login to Facebook with &quot;(.*)&quot; email and &quot;(.*)&quot; password$/ do |email, pass|&#xA;  set_text(&quot;webview css:'input[name=\&quot;email\&quot;]'&quot;, email)&#xA;  set_text(&quot;webview css:'input[name=\&quot;pass\&quot;]'&quot;, pass)&#xA;  touch &quot;webview css:'button[name=\&quot;login\&quot;]'&quot;&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2nd possible solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Then /^I login to Facebook with &quot;(.*)&quot; email and &quot;(.*)&quot; password$/ do |email, pass|&#xA;  touch(&quot;webview css:'input[name=\&quot;email\&quot;]'&quot;)&#xA;  keyboard_enter_text(email)&#xA;  touch(&quot;webview css:'input[name=\&quot;pass\&quot;]'&quot;)&#xA;  keyboard_enter_text(pass)&#xA;  touch &quot;webview css:'button[name=\&quot;login\&quot;]'&quot;&#xA;end     &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;keyboard_enter_text&lt;/code&gt; method here is from &lt;a href=&quot;http://krazyrobot.com/2014/02/calabash-android-enter-text-from-keyboard-using-adb/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Calabash Android: enter text from keyboard&lt;/a&gt; post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def keyboard_enter_text(text)&#xA;  processed_text = text.gsub(/([^\w\s])/) { |c| '\\' + c }&#xA;  processed_text = processed_text.gsub(' ', '%s')&#xA;  input_command = &quot;#{default_device.adb_command} shell input text #{processed_text}&quot;&#xA;  raise &quot;Could not send keyboard text: #{text}&quot; unless system(input_command)&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-12T08:57:04.170" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T08:57:04.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8859" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-11T22:57:58.087" Score="2" ViewCount="1104" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a number of embedded projects, and are trying to improve our process.  This includes automating our unit and system tests with jenkins.  I have gotten some of our existing environments automated to a reasonable degree.  We have some new projects starting from scratch, and I would like to set these up in an even better way- so that the automation is ready as the development is ready to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that it seems like every project we have is using a different target board, and requires a different proprietary version of eclipse with a unique toolchain.  Windriver, TI, Microsemi, Green Hills... Now, instead of adapting automation to whatever ugly process grew up over a couple years, I can design things from the ground up- but have no idea what the best way to do it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are best practices here?  Should we be checking eclipse .project files into source control and building the software through an eclipse CLI?  Should I be trying to force developers to maintain more traditional Makefiles to isolate the GUI tools from the process?  If so, how do I set up tests so that they can be run on target (simulator or physical) when the current practice is &quot;push this button on this window to connect to target, hit this other button to run, and look for pass or fail in the console&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recommendations of books on this topic would be just as good as detailed answers...I cannot find any good recommendations about this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7996" LastActivityDate="2014-06-11T22:57:58.087" Title="How to set up automated build/test for embedded project" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-04-21T20:03:25.727" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8860" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8862" CreationDate="2014-06-11T23:55:45.530" Score="4" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is about getting the name of a testing concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, say you have a REST route which requires that you be logged in.  When you call that route and provide the ID of another user within your group, you get that user's profile.  If you call that route with the ID of a user who isn't in your group, you shouldn't be allowed to view that profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone were to provide the ID of a user which doesn't exist, then either...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;say that the user isn't in your group&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;say that the user doesn't exist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with the latter is that someone could start plugging in ID numbers until they find the most recently created user, and thus can determine (roughly) how many users are in the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this leads to the question: &quot;does this technique have a name&quot;?  Also, is this considered &quot;security testing&quot; and/or &quot;confidentiality testing&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7997" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T05:18:52.617" Title="What's the name of the technique for getting data from a web application you aren't supposed to get?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8860" CreationDate="2014-06-12T05:11:47.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are looking for the term &quot;penetration testing&quot; or &quot;pentesting&quot; for short. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T05:11:47.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8860" CreationDate="2014-06-12T05:18:52.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a technique in &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;penetration testing&lt;/a&gt; to detect a vulnerability called &quot;Insecure Direct Object References&quot;, 4th on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category%3aOWASP_Top_Ten_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OWASP Top 10 list&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding whether this is security or confidentiality testing. I would say both as confidentiality is just &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_testing#Confidentiality&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;one of the measures in security testing&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A security measure which protects against the disclosure of&#xA;  information to parties other than the intended recipient that is by no&#xA;  means the only way of ensuring the security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T05:18:52.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-12T05:56:38.213" Score="0" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to start a windows and run dedicated programs then revert to original status&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder know if there is a way,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can let me start up a Windows (which including my custom environment: Ruby, Ruby on Rails ready )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And execute the dedicated process,(some environment could be dirty/changed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So after that, shut down the Windows and revert it to original status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next time when I can do the same thing within a clean environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer the above job can be done in Ubuntu OS, and virtual machine (Vmware, virtualbox, ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas, Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6526" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T14:24:53.087" Title="Testing with a virtual machine under command line" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2014-06-12T10:20:07.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;All tools I know for iOS apps testing are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/InstrumentsUserGuide/UsingtheAutomationInstrument/UsingtheAutomationInstrument.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apple Instruments (UIAutomation)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JavaScript-based testing solution from Apple. Includes record-and-play. Better to use with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/alexvollmer/tuneup_js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tuneup-js&lt;/a&gt; library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://ios-driver.github.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ios-driver&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;These two use Selenium / WebDriver API and support many languages. Appium is multi-platform, faster developed and supported, has more users. Easy to learn and start if you've used Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/calabash/calabash-ios&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;calabash&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingwithfrank.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frank&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Both are based on Ruby and have build-in BDD support (Cucumber). Calabash has many Frank concepts in a basis, however it's more modern, supports more gestures and works on Android as well. At the moment it's actively used and supported. They're powerful: if Ruby is not a problem for you, try Calabash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MonkeyTalk&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (formerly &lt;strong&gt;FoneMonkey&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Multi-platform tool (supports Android as well), includes record-and-play. Tests can be written in own language, JavaScript, Java or their combination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://zucchiniframework.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zucchini&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Uses simple DSL language for scenarios and CoffeeScript (JavaScript) for their implementation. I haven't used it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/kif-framework/KIF&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keep It Functional&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Objective C driven test framework. No other languages are supported. I haven't used it so can't tell more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/unboxed/icuke&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;iCuke&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Abandoned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sikuli&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SeeTest&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EggPlant&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ranorex&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;These tools include image recognition and OCR techniques. So you can use graphical locator instead of textual ones — i.e. image of the button a test should tap on. Sikuli is free, others are commercial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've successfully used Appium and Calabash, and I can recommend them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-12T10:26:17.983" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T10:26:17.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5083" CreationDate="2014-06-12T11:38:38.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium also has support for Silverlight apps. Please check post - Silvernium ~ Selenium for &lt;a href=&quot;http://assertselenium.com/2012/11/07/silvernium-selenium-for-silverlight-applications/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Silverlight Applications.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T06:05:08.463" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T06:05:08.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8863" CreationDate="2014-06-12T13:34:22.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;VMWare ESX/Workstation and VirtualBox both have robust CLI's provided by the integration of their respective guest plugins.  These CLI's allow you to configure everything from system hardware to power status and snapshot management.  You would basically have a script that passes the startup command the respective CLI, call the test, pass the shutdown command to the respective CLI, and the pass the snapshot revert command to the CLI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The VirtualBox commands you want are &lt;code&gt;snapshot&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;startvm&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;controlvm&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;These commands are detailed here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch08.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch08.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The VMWare CLI commands you want are &lt;code&gt;vmware-cmd start&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;vmware-cmd stop&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;vmware-cmd revertsnapshot&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;You can find their extensive documentation here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pubs.vmware.com/vsphere-55/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.vmware.vcli.ref.doc%2Fvcli-right.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pubs.vmware.com/vsphere-55/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.vmware.vcli.ref.doc%2Fvcli-right.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7993" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T13:34:22.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8863" CreationDate="2014-06-12T14:24:53.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They invented &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vagrantup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vagrant&lt;/a&gt; for this, you can defined a base image, boot the image, run scripts and install software from its configuration to make sure you and everyone else in your team always has the same machine. Bring it down, bring it back and ask for a clean machine all from the command line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vagrant supports both Linux and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vagrantup.com/blog/feature-preview-vagrant-1-6-windows.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows&lt;/a&gt; guests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VirtualBox&lt;/a&gt; and supports &lt;a href=&quot;http://puppetlabs.com/puppet/what-is-puppet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Puppet&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getchef.com/chef/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chef&lt;/a&gt; scripts for easy maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use Vagrant to setup a new clean test environment before each test run. If the developer use the same setup with Vagrant you will never hear it works on my machine again :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T14:24:53.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8170" CreationDate="2014-06-12T15:02:58.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote &lt;a href=&quot;http://djangofan.github.io/simple-selenium-builder-framework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;an example project that uses Java and runs your tests on SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt;.   This project is executed using Maven and so you can load it in Jenkins.  Also, there is an included example of driving a test from a spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T15:02:58.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8566" CreationDate="2014-06-12T15:05:04.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote &lt;a href=&quot;http://djangofan.github.io/simple-selenium-builder-framework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;an example project that uses Java and runs your tests on SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt;.   In this example I drive the tests from a .CSV spreadsheet.  You could easily edit this project to do your required testing and then you can  hook the test up to a Jenkins job to run them on a scheduled basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2014-06-12T15:05:04.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8873" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9023" CreationDate="2014-06-12T15:09:42.830" Score="2" ViewCount="7171" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I force a Jenkins job to report a successful TestNG test even when the suite has failures?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a test suite with 100 tests and I want to report a success in Jenkins if there are 3 or fewer errors.    What is the best way to do this?   Here are my ideas so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use the Jenkins &quot;Groovy post build plugin&quot; to force the button green after the build step already reported yellow.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run the tests in a Jenkins pre-build step and then use the TestNG XmlResult class to load the test results in the regular build step,&#xA;  count the fails in the result, and then return a 0 or 1 exit code?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use the Jenkins Build-Flow plugin to ask all 100 tests to re-run if 1 or more fails.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure of the best way to do this and I am wondering if anyone has a better idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My workaround for this for now is to divide my test suites into 3 separate suites that run in a fixed order:  first, a point-suite with 1 test, then a smoke-suite with a handful of tests, then the full regression as long as the smoke-suite passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2014-06-16T15:38:44.780" LastActivityDate="2016-08-14T02:55:55.227" Title="Can I force a Jenkins job to report a successful TestNG test even when the suite has failures?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8874" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-13T00:18:12.460" Score="1" ViewCount="502" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am about to graduate in the Fall and have this summer to try and line something up in terms of a job. I wasn't able to snag an internship even though I am almost done with a computer science degree and was looking to get into the SQA world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no actual industry experience I can put on my resume (only school projects which aren't that impressive - and if they are I dont know why I didn't get reponses). In my last semester I plan to take a Software Engineering course (that will include a lot of topics in SQA) but I was wondering whether I should take some online training course right now that could provide certification that I am able to put on a resume. What are the major industry certifications and do they even help too much when looking for a SQA position in the US? What are the most important tools that employers look for that are used industry wide in SQA (selenium seems pretty popular). Are there any widely known books that everyone knows about that I should study for SQA (ex. for C the K&amp;amp;R book is still very widely used)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8003" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T18:20:29.983" Title="Getting started in SQA" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-06-24T01:53:06.037" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6440" CreationDate="2014-06-13T07:27:06.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pesticide paradox can be also explained as: If the same tests are repeated over and over again, eventually the same set of test cases will no longer find any new bugs. To overcome this 'pesticide paradox', the test cases need to be regularly reviewed and revised, and new and different tests need to be written to exercise different parts of the software or system to potentially find more defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T07:27:06.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8874" CreationDate="2014-06-13T15:15:06.530" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;These summer projects from Mozilla seem perfect for you - this is real-life stuff (that any future interviews are bound to have heard of), you can show it to employers, and you'll start building your network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quality.mozilla.org/2014/06/summer-projects-for-mozilla-web-qa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Summer Projects for Mozilla Web QA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Mozilla doesn't appeal, then there are a number of other routes you can explore to gain some testing experience. I'd suggest looking up the &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Weekend Testers&lt;/a&gt; for a start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2014-06-13T15:15:06.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-14T00:00:14.900" Score="1" ViewCount="6948" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you give me any suggestions how to solve the weird problem I experience with WebDriver?&#xA;I like to use WebDriver to control the browser from the Tor Browser Bundle (TBB). Controlling the TBB via WebDriver works perfectly fine on Linux, as long as you initialize the WebDriver with the default profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However on Windows the same code makes WebDriver experience problems with loading that profile, despite its path being correct. (It is critical for me to run the application on Windows).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox itself displays the following error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Your Firefox profile cannot be loaded. It may be missing or inaccessible.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yet, the browser loads totally fine with all extensions and running Tor service!&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;However the exception kills the WebDriver script and therefore the WebAutomation sequence is cancelled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anybody any suggestions how to overcome this problem?&#xA;What additional information may you require?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank You very much in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Bernd&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code (python):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  profile = FirefoxProfile(BROWSER_PROFILE_PATH)&#xA;  firefox_binary = FirefoxBinary(BROWSER_PATH)&#xA;  driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile, firefox_binary)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strangely I get two different error messages running the exact same code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error 1 - WindowsError: [Error 145]:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File &quot;H:\webdriver_project\web_test.py&quot;, line 153, in web_test&#xA;driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile, firefox_binary)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py&quot;, line 59,   in __init__&#xA;self.binary, timeout),&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox extension_connection.py&quot;, line 45, in __init__&#xA;self.profile.add_extension()&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\firefox_profile.py&quot;, line 92, in add_extension&#xA;self._install_extension(extension)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\firefox_profile.py&quot;, line 285, in _install_extension shutil.rmtree(tmpdir)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\shutil.py&quot;, line 245, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\shutil.py&quot;, line 245, in rmtree rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\shutil.py&quot;, line 254, in rmtree onerror(os.rmdir, path, sys.exc_info())&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\shutil.py&quot;, line 252, in rmtree os.rmdir(path)&#xA;WindowsError: [Error 145] The directory is not empty: 'c:\\users\\user1\\appdata\\local\\temp\\tmpdtgwyq.webdriver.xpi\\resource\\modules'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error 2 - WebDriverException: Message: 'The browser appears to have exited before we could connect. The output was: '&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py&quot;, line 59, in __init__&#xA;self.binary, timeout),&#xA; File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\extension_connection.py&quot;, line 47, in __init__&#xA;self.binary.launch_browser(self.profile)&#xA; File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\firefox_binary.py&quot;, line 61, in launch_browser&#xA;self._wait_until_connectable()&#xA; File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\firefox_binary.py&quot;, line 100, in _wait_until_connectable&#xA;self._get_firefox_output())&#xA;WebDriverException: Message: 'The browser appears to have exited before we could connect. The output was: '&#xA;(No output)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8010" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-10T11:26:59.127" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T11:27:21.957" Title="WebDriver - Problem with loading profile of Tor Browser Bundle" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7164" CreationDate="2014-06-14T00:18:53.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen this error in other WebDriver projects, and my experience suggests that the URL you're passing as the first parameter to the RemoteWebDriver constructor is not a valid RemoteWebDriver grid URL. Double-check to ensure that the WebDriver grid server is running, and that the URL is valid for the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, my RemoteWebDriver URLs look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An account on a professional WebDriver service, like BrowserStack:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://username:apikey@browserstack.com/wd/hub&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A Selenium WebDriver grid that you set up yourself, on your local network:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://192.168.90.148:4444/wd/hub&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;PhantomJS running on your local machine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://127.0.0.1:8910&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The URL in your sample code and output looks a little different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://xyz-qaa.abc.no&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example shows no port number, and no &lt;code&gt;/wd/hub&lt;/code&gt; suffix in the URL. In addition, you state that you can open the URL in a web browser. If you attempt to open a RemoteWebDriver server URL in a web browser, you will probably only see something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;message&quot;:&quot;200 OK&quot;}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that the first parameter to your RemoteWebDriver constructor is not a valid RemoteWebDriver server URL, and that's what's causing this (admittedly quite misleading) error. Are you accidentally setting the URL in the RemoteWebDriver constructor to the URL of your test page? Take care to ensure that the URL in the first parameter of the RemoteWebDriver constructor is the correct URL for the RemoteWebDriver server, or else you will receive the &quot;java.lang.String cannot be cast to java.util.Map&quot; error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2908" LastEditorUserId="2908" LastEditDate="2014-06-14T02:41:35.477" LastActivityDate="2014-06-14T02:41:35.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8882" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-14T07:57:28.713" Score="6" ViewCount="6850" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our Web app is using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sencha.com/products/extjs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ExtJS&lt;/a&gt; framework for rendering UI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, ExtJS-rendered UI is &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/107314/any-suggestions-for-testing-extjs-code-in-a-browser-preferably-with-selenium/219506#219506&quot;&gt;hard to test automatically&lt;/a&gt; because: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For most clickable elements, ExtJS uses generated ids like &quot;ext-gen-345&quot; which are likely to change on a subsequent visit to the same page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some elements require more than simple mouse/keyboard interactions due to the complex rendering carried out by ExtJS, e.g., JavaScript calls to ExtJS script must be done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing complex components like data grids/tables requires cryptic and unreliable CSS locators; for instance there is no easy way to access &quot;zip code&quot; cell of a row for user with X in column &quot;name&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a open source Java framework that simplifies that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Possible solution&lt;/em&gt;: I started to design a set of classes wrapped around &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; instances from Selenium 2, e.g., I would have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class ExtJsGrid {&#xA;&#xA;    ExtJsGrid(WebElement element) { ... }&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; getColumnNames() { ... }&#xA;    List&amp;lt;ExtJsRow&amp;gt; getRows()      { ... }&#xA;    void selectRow(int n)         { ... }&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure someone else have already solved that. I have even seen InfoStretch released a library that provides such wrappers for a whole hierarchy of ExtJS components. Unfortunately, the library is based on Selenium 1 and I cannot modify that, as it is not open source: they provide only compiled classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T19:42:59.533" Title="Testing ExtJS UI with WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2014-06-14T14:13:02.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using python+selenium, there is a useful package, called &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bfirsh/needle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;needle&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It checks that CSS renders correctly by taking screenshots of portions&#xA;  of a website and comparing them against known good screenshots. It&#xA;  also provides tools for testing calculated CSS values and the position&#xA;  of HTML elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can watch a short demo at Julien Phalip's talk from PyCon US 2014: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pyvideo.org/video/2660/advanced-techniques-for-web-functional-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Advanced techniques for Web functional testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2014-06-14T14:13:02.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2014-06-14T20:28:25.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a tool that will make visual comparison of different versions of your website &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bslatkin/dpxdt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dpxdt&lt;/a&gt;. Here is a video explaining how the tool works and how to use it: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMnZiTL0tUc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Secret to Safe Continuous Deployment&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally, &lt;a href=&quot;http://ruoyusun.com/2013/08/10/implementing-pdiff-with-existing-selenium-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here is a guide&lt;/a&gt; how to implement it with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4273" LastActivityDate="2014-06-14T20:28:25.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8805" CreationDate="2014-06-14T20:40:13.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;query &quot;TabView {:isSelected == true}&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or to get only caption of active tab:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;query(&quot;TabView {:isSelected == true}&quot;, &quot;text&quot;).first&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possible solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;query(&quot;tabWidget&quot;, :context, :tabHost, :currentTab)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;And another one. This should work for you:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;query &quot;TabItemView {isSelected == true} TextView&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;or text only:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;query &quot;TabItemView {isSelected == true} TextView&quot;, :text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-16T21:36:49.940" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T21:36:49.940" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8889" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8891" CreationDate="2014-06-15T21:23:30.007" Score="2" ViewCount="2452" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a class that takes 1 string and generates an HTML page around that string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I pass it the string &lt;code&gt;Math&lt;/code&gt; and it returns to me a whole HTML page as a string containing that Word and with matching &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; a header &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and a form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I validate this as a valid HTML code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8017" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-16T07:22:40.457" LastActivityDate="2020-09-16T05:20:01.393" Title="Validating HTML code" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8874" CreationDate="2014-06-16T07:16:08.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off, the best way depend a bit on your personal skillset, but I'll give you a few things to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some organizations value certifications, and especially before you have work experience they can be used to show employer that you know about SQA. ISTQB foundation probably suits best at the beginning of SQA career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tools are often important when applying for jobs. If you become quite good in a niche expertice, especially in tool that is expensive, like for example less used LoadRunner protocol, your knowledge will become more expensive as well. You could also learn how to use some test management tools like HP ALM or Meliora Testlab. Those are used in most organizations. If you also learn to do automated testing using for example Jenkins CI, you will have better chances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to get some real world testing experience is to join the crowdtesting projects. You could try for example uTest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T07:16:08.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8889" CreationDate="2014-06-16T07:21:45.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would create a &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jUnit&lt;/a&gt; test using a HTML validator like &lt;a href=&quot;http://jtidy.sourceforge.net/howto.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jTidy&lt;/a&gt; API, like suggested in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4217801/a-html-validator-in-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4217801/a-html-validator-in-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see running tests like this in Eclipse: &lt;a href=&quot;http://help.eclipse.org/juno/topic/org.eclipse.jdt.doc.user/gettingStarted/qs-junit.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://help.eclipse.org/juno/topic/org.eclipse.jdt.doc.user/gettingStarted/qs-junit.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T07:21:45.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8893" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-16T10:47:57.310" Score="0" ViewCount="410" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have dynamic elements appearing and disappearing on our Web site, e.g., notification balloons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand element, id, tag name, etc. corresponds to this elements I usually click &quot;Inspect element&quot; in the context menu and try to analyze corresponding HTML code. However, sometimes the elements disappears too quickly and HTML source code gets updated as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think there is a JavaScript responsible for closing those elements, so I wonder...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way/Browser plugin that let me stop JavaScript execution by the user? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want that to be easy, so nothing like putting breakpoints in JavaScript debug mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T18:29:15.773" Title="Web browser plugin to pause JavaScript execution?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8894" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-16T14:08:52.977" Score="2" ViewCount="1280" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, so I have posted a couple of other questions here that have been unclear so, apologies for another along similar lines.  I am a little further along now but am still blocked from progressing.  I think perhaps the community for Selenium Builder is not large at the moment and so I'm not finding the help out there.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal:&#xA;setup a simple test framework using Selenium Builder as a FF plugin, GitHub and Jenkins. Retain the test files in .json format. I don't wish to go near java or maven for now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current setup:&#xA; - Selenium Builder add-on for FF28 with Github plugin&#xA; - Jenkins 1.567 with SeleniumBuilder plugin &#xA; - Jenkins job setup as a freestyle project, building when a push is made to Git repo and 'Invoke selenium Builder script' as a build step with 'Script file' pointing to root of my test folder(.json scripts)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can run my .json scripts using se-interpreter from command line using  java -jar SeInterpreter.jar example_test.json&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I need to know is - how do I configure Jenkins and the se-interpreter-config file so I can run from Jenkins? currently my interpeter config file looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;type&quot;: &quot;interpreter-config&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;configurations&quot;: [&#xA;{&#xA;  &quot;settings&quot;: [&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;driverOptions&quot;: {&#xA;        &quot;host&quot;: localhost,&#xA;        &quot;port&quot;: 4444&#xA;&#xA;      },&#xA;      &quot;browserOptions&quot;: {&#xA;        &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;firefox&quot;,&#xA;      }&#xA;    }&#xA;  ],&#xA;  &quot;scripts&quot;: [&#xA;&#xA;    &quot;mySeleniumBuilderTests/tests/*&quot;&#xA;&#xA;      ]&#xA;    }&#xA;  ]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5776" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T00:25:04.437" Title="Configuring a framework using Selenium Builder, GitHub and Jenkins" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8873" CreationDate="2014-06-16T14:33:29.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/testng-plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestNG Jenkins plugin&lt;/a&gt;. Although it does not currently fix your problem, you will find a group of people facing the same situation as you &lt;a href=&quot;https://issues.jenkins-ci.org/browse/JENKINS-20985&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;discussing an issue&lt;/a&gt;. You might chime in and help develop/test this fix of the plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T14:33:29.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8894" CreationDate="2014-06-16T16:47:13.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Building+a+software+project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;setup a Jenkins free-style job&lt;/a&gt; and execute the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sebuilder/se-builder/wiki/Se-Interpreter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;java based Se Interpreter&lt;/a&gt; from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Building+a+software+project#Buildingasoftwareproject-ShellScriptsandWindowsBatchCommands&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;shell-script&lt;/a&gt; task&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup free-style Jenkins build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Schedule build with github with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Git+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;git-plugin&lt;/a&gt; to run job on each commit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add a shell-script that runs the Se Interpeter in the build and make sure it has a correct exit code to fail/success the run or &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8148122/how-to-mark-a-build-unstable-in-jenkins-when-running-shell-scripts&quot;&gt;see this question&lt;/a&gt; for options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shell script would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;java -jar SeInterpreter.jar --driver=Remote --driver.browserName=firefox --driver.url=&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium_grid.local/wd/hub/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://selenium_grid.local/wd/hub/&lt;/a&gt; tests.json&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Setup a &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid hub and nodes&lt;/a&gt; or use &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Selenium+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Jenkins SE Grid plugin&lt;/a&gt; (which setups each Jenkins node as grid node, but you need to make sure the browsers can start on the Jenkins machines.) to run the tests against.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would prefer a separate grid or even better run against &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingbot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestingBot&lt;/a&gt;, since &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vanreijmersdal.nl/577/creating-a-maintainable-selenium-2-grid-setup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maintaining your own Grid could become cumbersome&lt;/a&gt; pretty soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Zarkonnen/se-interpreter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a node.js version of the Se Interpreter&lt;/a&gt;, which might be interesting for people running a JavaScript stack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T16:47:13.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8897" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8901" CreationDate="2014-06-16T18:33:50.293" Score="3" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently looking for a software framework for my project involving GPU boards and graphics tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My project is to find a software framework to use where I can remotely run graphics tests on my GPU and have it automated. Basically what I have is 5 separate graphics tests (they are Linux scripts in my directory that I just execute via command line) that I run my machine which the GPU board is connected through the USB port. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I SSH in using Putty and connect through the serial port (which is to connect to the GPU board) to run each test by hand for 10 minutes each. It returns the frames per second to me on the command line when I kill the test. What I am looking for is a way to automate this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to remotely run these 5 separate tests from another machine and be able to run all 5 tests back-to-back for a certain period of time without having to manually run each one. Meaning I need to start the scripts and have it go and return the frames per second for each tests without any more interaction from me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if any of you experts may have some software you have used in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8026" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T01:42:14.003" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T01:42:14.003" Title="Looking for open platform software framework for remote testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8889" CreationDate="2014-06-16T20:28:26.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with suggestion to use validator. One more approach is just to parse xml using xpath. Test will fail if document structure is broken. As a regression approach you can create some html files and compare those pattern files with newly generated. For example by using bash (or smth. similar in Windows OS). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T20:28:26.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8477" CreationDate="2014-06-16T22:13:08.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='colDiv_Apr282014']//div[contains(concat(' ',normalize-space(@class),' '),' time ')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-16T22:27:06.433" LastActivityDate="2014-06-16T22:27:06.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8902" CreationDate="2014-06-16T22:16:24.447" Score="1" ViewCount="2497" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jtidy.sourceforge.net/testcases.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jtidy&lt;/a&gt; I pass an &lt;code&gt;InputSteam&lt;/code&gt; and then I tried to validate whether or not the XHTML code in the InputSteam is valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;InputStream s = new ByteArrayInputStream(my_string).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));&#xA;&#xA;Tidy tidy = new Tidy();&#xA;tidy.setXHTML(true);&#xA;&#xA;tidy.parse(s, System.out);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to validate my test, &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; instead of printing this to the console: &lt;code&gt;5 warnings, no errors were found!&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I get 1 error how do I make my JUnit reflect a fail?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I noticed that no matter what my string looks like it gets parsed as valid always&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I tried this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String my_string = &quot;TABLE width = 400 &amp;amp;&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&amp;amp; table height = &quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That gets parsed as valid without any errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8017" LastEditorUserId="8017" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T04:19:23.147" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T01:41:49.643" Title="Using Jtidy to parsing HTML" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8897" CreationDate="2014-06-16T22:35:08.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I've successfully configured similar test automation framework for hardware boards (BeagleBone and others) using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jenkins can run shell scripts remotely (using ssh). Jenkins agents can represent boards under test. You can handle agent names in scripts in order to access certain board (agent names will be accessible via env variables out-of-box). Also test runs can be easily scheduled with Jenkins.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Jenkins is absolutely free to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try others distributed CI solutions as well (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bamboo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://continuum.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Continuum&lt;/a&gt;, etc.). I just tell that I had positive experience with Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also there is automated testing system called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linaro.org/projects/test-validation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LAVA (Linaro Automated Validation Architecture)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can find general information on it &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linaro.org/blog/community-blog/automated-validation-with-lava/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-21T08:21:55.970" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T08:21:55.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8900" CreationDate="2014-06-17T00:46:38.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try replacing the last line with something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tidy.setErrout(null);&#xA;tidy.parse(s, null);&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(0,tidy.getParseErrors());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T00:46:38.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8848" CreationDate="2014-06-17T06:39:25.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems that Google keywords for finding the product I was looking for.net were&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;parallel test runner&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which, with my .NET affiliation that Google knows about, led me to article on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/news/2012/06/continuous-test-runner-net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Smart Continuous Test-Runner For .NET – For Free&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncrunch.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NCrunch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; was the one I was looking for, but found out about AutoTest.NET and Mighty Moose which are nice alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7986" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T06:39:25.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-17T09:03:06.913" Score="4" ViewCount="575" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have about 10 test suites (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qfs.de/en/qftest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QF-Test&lt;/a&gt; GUI Testing tool) for a java application. At the moment the testsuits are run every night with a batch-script triggered by a scheduled job. The tests are not very stable - so every day we have some failures. QF-Tests gives back the test-result in the exit code (0=OK, 1=Warning, 2=Error, etc.). I would like to rerun the tests if they fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool to run the test suite and run other commands depending on the result? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If Exitcode=1: Run Report-Command&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If Exitcode=2: Delete the results and rerun until 5 retries reached. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If Exitcode=3: ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I could do this programmatically, but I wonder if there is an easier solution for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8029" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T11:26:15.910" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T17:21:25.780" Title="QF-Test - Conditionally rerun scheduled test suite based on result" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;qf-test&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8905" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-17T09:35:43.497" Score="1" ViewCount="1161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing one of the iOS apps which has Push Notification functionality. Suppose while testing I have sent some Push Notifications to the app so that app icon started showing badge icon on it. Now instead of viewing notification I updated the app to newer version. So what should happen in this case in ideal scenario? Should badge icons retained or removed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any document by apple where we can verify above scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T09:51:57.690" Title="What should happen to Badge count when app is updated?" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8905" CreationDate="2014-06-17T09:45:08.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I also test a app with notifications and after upgrading the app, the badge count is still present. The app control the badge. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An application is responsible for managing the badge number. If the application does not clear the badge, the push message(s) will remain in the notification center. After an application receives a push notification, it should remove the icon badge by setting the applicationIconBadgeNumber property of the UIApplication object to 0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.urbanairship.com/connect/ios_push.html#badge-and-autobadge&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.urbanairship.com/connect/ios_push.html#badge-and-autobadge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apple Documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/NetworkingInternet/Conceptual/RemoteNotificationsPG/Chapters/ApplePushService.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/NetworkingInternet/Conceptual/RemoteNotificationsPG/Chapters/ApplePushService.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T09:51:57.690" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T09:51:57.690" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8904" CreationDate="2014-06-17T10:32:53.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Updated based on comments. I have not used any tool but a little custom code for below approach helped me achieve rerunning failed cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Through Custom Code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easier option is to track the flags after test execution in a simple DB table (TestResults - TestcaseId, TestrunId, Result) - Update it after each run, or a custom xml to save the results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After Test run parse through flagged (failed) entries in tables / failed cases and re-run them selectively&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since you execute from command line, it should be easy to group / execute by flagging failed cases and retry it later&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, You can run it for configured number of retries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By using TestNG, Junit you can leverage in-built features for re-running failed cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From TestNG blog - &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#rerunning&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#rerunning&lt;/a&gt;. Rerun with failed XML testng-failed.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using TestNG - Another approach listed in post - &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumworks.blogspot.in/2013/12/re-run-failed-tests-automatically.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumworks.blogspot.in/2013/12/re-run-failed-tests-automatically.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T15:41:44.420" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T15:41:44.420" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8908" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8910" CreationDate="2014-06-17T13:03:19.427" Score="1" ViewCount="15974" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing Android app which has Push Notification functionality. Could anybody tell what are those test cases that must be tested for Push Notifications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Android does NOT have Notification Center kind of thing so what different scenarios should be tested for Push Notifications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2020-02-20T20:51:44.697" Title="What are 'MUST' test cases to test Push Notification for Android app?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8889" CreationDate="2014-06-17T13:52:39.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; provides &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTML_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML Assertion&lt;/a&gt; which uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://jtidy.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JTidy&lt;/a&gt; HTML syntax checker. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use JMeter to test your generated pages as per &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in 3 Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt;. It can be launched as command-line application, integrated into Ant, Maven, Jenkins, build or launched from Java code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't need the superpower of JMeter you can just extract HTML Assertion related code as it's free and open source product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T13:52:39.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8908" CreationDate="2014-06-17T14:23:22.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many but the major are : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To check if the notification received even if the app is not running&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the notification received if the app was open, or during playing a game, or using another app. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the notification received on multiple time zones .&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it clickable? If it is, what should it do? Open the app or open a new activity?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think these are the most important, unless you have some other specifications your would like to add to your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6336" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T08:08:46.020" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T08:08:46.020" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8908" CreationDate="2014-06-17T15:17:07.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/google/gcm/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Google Cloud Messaging for Android&lt;/a&gt; has a lot of different features. An example is the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/google/gcm/adv.html#ttl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Setting an Expiration Date for a Message&lt;/a&gt;&quot; feature, here you want to test the notification is removed after a X period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it really depends on what features have been implemented by the development team, do not test feature that are &quot;free&quot; of the operating system and that you would expect to always work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;must test feature&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;em&gt;end-to-end notification delivery&lt;/em&gt;, trigger message somewhere and receiving on the correct device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other features that come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The entry point in the application, for example when you open an IM (WhatsApp, Skype, etc) notification it opens the sending user and last message send to you and not the start (user-list) screen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prevent repeating the same notification over and over again by the possible triggers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T15:17:07.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8912" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-17T15:55:16.160" Score="6" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two test files (lets say they're SomethingTestA and SomethingTestB).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inside SomethingTestA, I have a bunch of mini smoke tests methods, like so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testCreate() {&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test (dependsOnMethods = {&quot;testCreate&quot;})&#xA;public void doSomethingA() {&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test (dependsOnMethods = {&quot;testCreate&quot;})&#xA;public void doSomethingB() {&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void doSomethingC() {&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) I am getting the error: doSomethingA() is depending on method public void testCreate(), which is not annotated with @Test or not included. This happens for all three doSomething()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the second problem is with SomethingTestB()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void aTest() {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Hello&quot;); &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void anotherTest() {&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Whenever I try to run or debug a test method in SomethingTestB, if the test fails, eclipse automatically runs the entire SomethingTestA class after running SomethingTestB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I comment out the @Test for testCreate() in SomethingTestA, I get the &quot;depending on method public... error&quot; because it runs SomethingTestA automatically. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This only happens with Something TestA class, and I'm not sure why. How can I fix this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8033" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T13:14:41.380" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T12:15:25.487" Title="Eclipse is automatically running unwanted selenium tests" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8622" CreationDate="2014-06-17T17:23:24.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a lot of questions that you might consider splitting up, but here goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dependency issue - why is this a problem for unit-testing in Android?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Really, this is as much of a problem for Android as it is for anything else.  Depending on how you architect your application, isolating from dependencies can easy or hard.  There's nothing in your &lt;code&gt;getName&lt;/code&gt; example that makes it impossible or even difficult because that example is not actually dependent on anything besides the base libraries (the String class). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But, why would it be a living hell if it is installed on the emulator?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not really, it's just different than a lot of other platforms.  You have to run tests on a device or emulator which is a little strange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Activity class.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is somewhat people creating their own problems coupled with a platform that doesn't try to prevent them from creating these problems.  Like I mentioned earlier, depending on how you architect your code, it's either going to be easy or hard to isolate it for unit testing.  I think a lot of difficulty comes into Android development because the Activity class is used for more than what it should be used for.  In most code I've seen it's used as a view, controller, model, and whatever else you'd want. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why in both Android and Java they need to &quot;mock&quot; a class to unit-test? Why? In Objective-C for example, I have never heard of a need such as this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some ways mocking is the core of &lt;b&gt;unit&lt;/b&gt; testing. It's not specific to Android or Java.  The point of unit testing is testing a single piece of code in isolation.  If you've seen tests before that aren't mocking dependencies they are not unit tests.  It sounds like you might want to read up on what exactly unit testing is - the wikipedia page is a good introduction: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just searched for iOS mocking framework, and this was the first result: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ocmock.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ocmock.org/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T17:23:24.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8893" CreationDate="2014-06-17T18:29:15.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am trying to do this for automation, sometimes I add some logging in my automation where I find a parent element and then log the innerhtml for that element.  This way I can see the current state.  You can also see if the notification balloon html exists in the DOM after the balloon disappears, often it is just hidden by styling, but everything else stays the same.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In extreme cases, I have had to use the browser console to put break points in the javascript, which can be complicated if your javascript is compressed, which is pretty common these days.  The other suggestions in the link in your comment also look pretty good.  Using the Event Listener Breakpoints can be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T18:29:15.773" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8299" CreationDate="2014-06-17T20:37:49.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The working alternative is the following combination:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; + &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.apache.org/~pmuellr/weinre/docs/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Weinre&lt;/a&gt; + &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.windowsazure.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Azure&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How-to guide can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://kodedistiller.net/2013/11/16/weinre-on-azure-in-combination-with-browserstack/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://kodedistiller.net/2013/11/16/weinre-on-azure-in-combination-with-browserstack/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T20:37:49.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8916" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:10:45.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JIRA is a project and issue tracker from Atlassian. It integrates with the rest of Atlassian's suite of products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information available here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:10:45.723" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:10:45.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8917" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:10:45.723" Score="0" Body="JIRA is a project and issue tracker from Atlassian." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:10:45.723" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:10:45.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8918" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:13:05.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QF-Test is a GUI test tool for Java and Web from Quality First Software GmbH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information is available here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.qfs.de/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.qfs.de/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:13:05.593" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:13:05.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8919" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:13:05.593" Score="0" Body="For issues relating to QF-Test, a GUI test tool for Java and Web from Quality First Software GmbH." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:13:05.593" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:13:05.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8920" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:15:31.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestCafe is a pure &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/nodejs&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;nodejs&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;nodejs&lt;/a&gt; end-to-end solution for testing web apps. It takes care of all the stages: starting browsers, running tests, gathering test results and generating reports. TestCafe doesn’t need browser plugins - it works in all popular modern browsers out-of-the-box. It is created by DevExpress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestCafe offers a variety of multiple out-of-the-box features like a flexible selector system, smart assertions, descriptive reports and many more - see &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/DevExpress/testcafe#features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt; page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://devexpress.github.io/testcafe/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Official website&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/DevExpress/testcafe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-09T03:45:42.807" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T03:45:42.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8921" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:15:31.887" Score="0" Body="TestCafe is a node.js testing tool used for end-to-end web testing" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="41012" LastEditDate="2020-06-25T07:34:12.143" LastActivityDate="2020-06-25T07:34:12.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8922" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:33:27.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Silverlight is an .Net application framework similar to Flash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/silverlight/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;available here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:26.660" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:26.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8923" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:33:27.847" Score="0" Body="For issues related to testing applications written using Microsoft Silver light." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:01.060" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:01.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8924" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:38:38.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Safaridriver adds support of the Safari web browser to Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:38:38.440" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:38:38.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8925" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:38:38.440" Score="0" Body="For issues related to testing using Safaridriver." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:38:38.440" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:38:38.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8926" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:44:19.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;iOS is an operating system used for mobile devices made by Apple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:44:19.870" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:44:19.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8927" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-06-17T21:44:19.870" Score="0" Body="For issues relating to Apple's iOS operating system for mobile devices." OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-06-17T21:44:19.870" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T21:44:19.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8260" CreationDate="2014-06-17T22:23:33.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is another example, with the usage of Page Object concept:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/xamarin/mobile-samples/tree/master/TestCloud/TaskyPro/TaskyPro-Calabash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/xamarin/mobile-samples/tree/master/TestCloud/TaskyPro/TaskyPro-Calabash&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look into &lt;code&gt;features&lt;/code&gt; directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-11-25T23:37:11.430" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T23:37:11.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8267" CreationDate="2014-06-17T22:41:19.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Official  general workflow for writing Calabash-driven tests is as follows:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write the feature&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As described in the overview, the developer and a subject matter expert work together to write the Calabash feature. They create a .feature file that describes how the scenarios should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run the feature&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Next, the developer runs the feature that was created. It will fail because the steps have not yet been defined. However, Cucumber will help us out by providing some code snippets that we can use to create the step definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create the Step Definitions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Using the snippets that Cucumber provided in step #2, we create a Ruby source code file, and paste the snippet output into it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Explore the Application using the Calabash Console&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Not strictly necessary, this step involves starting up an instance of the Calabash console. The Calabash console is a command line utility that allows us to issue commands to the Calabash test server communicating with our app. We can use this to discover the Calabash queries necessary to interact with the UI object in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Update Step Definitions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Once we have figured out the Calabash queries for locating and manipulating the UI object, we can use these - along with the Calabash API - to implement the step definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run the Feature&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When the step definitions are finished, we can run the features. If this is a brownfield application, the functionality has already been coded and the tests should all pass. If this is a greenfield project, the tests will not pass as there is no application code – we will move on to step #7 below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Implement the Feature in the Application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This step is only necessary in a greenfield project. The developer will shift attention to the application and write the code to implement the desired functionality, and make the test pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Repeat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Once the feature is implemented with a passing test, it is done. Time to move on and implement the next bit of functionality in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;More info and detailed example can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.xamarin.com/guides/testcloud/calabash/creating_calabash_tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Also best practice is to use Page Object approach when defining screens.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Here is good example on this:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rubygemtsl.com/2014/01/06/designing-maintainable-calabash-tests-using-screen-objects-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;http://rubygemtsl.com/2014/01/06/designing-maintainable-calabash-tests-using-screen-objects-2/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-17T22:41:19.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5240" CreationDate="2014-06-18T00:27:37.610" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;NONONONONO.  All above posters have it wrong.  Polling and latching and what not do not account for &lt;em&gt;INHERENT RANDOMNESS&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;SELENIUM BUGINESS&lt;/em&gt; .  Why does a test fail and turn red in Jenkins or some other automated build?  Here are the past 5 selenium failures on our build&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An  element doesn't have a type=&quot;file&quot;.  Selenium chokes sending input keys to it for file upload but manually, there is no problem when using the application manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network latency/throughput.  Backbone congested? Internet is just slow?  These aren't bugs.  This is just the application running on the Internet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mysterious manually unreproducible application redirect errors that only happen when the driver version of the browser is used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone added text-transform:uppercase to css to change capitalization on a label and now the build is blocked. hurray&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Element polling doesn't work over the Internet.  Want to wait for something to go away before your test proceeds? The element already went away by the time the driver received your next selenium command, which coincidentally is a command to wait for something to happen. Asynchrony issues will be there no matter what approach you use.  This is probably the worst Selenium bug of all.  By the time you start waiting for a condition, your conditions are invalid and your wait is invalid.  This is absolutely a bug in selenium. It's as if they built a car that by nature, crashes randomly.  RemoteWebDriver can't handle these asynchrony issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having worked with selenium for a year now with thoughtworks consulting guidance and sauce labs support, I can tell you, it's a clusterYouKnowWhat.  these problems aren't solved.  So OP, the answer to your question at this current point in time is most probably &quot;no&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8036" LastEditorUserId="8036" LastEditDate="2014-06-18T00:34:55.537" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T00:34:55.537" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8880" CreationDate="2014-06-18T07:30:16.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First of all, try the solution suggested &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/23320554/3634725&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can try the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/983062#answer-521569&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[source]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First of all, try resetting Firefox - &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/reset-firefox-easily-fix-most-problems&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FireFox manual.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If this doesn’t help, try to remove your old profile and create a new one manually via Firefox Profile Manager - &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/profile-manager-create-and-remove-firefox-profiles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FireFox manual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If this still doesn’t work, try deleting the &lt;code&gt;profile.ini&lt;/code&gt; file to force Firefox to create a new default profile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that Firefox is closed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press Windows key+R to open the Run box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type: &lt;code&gt;%APPDATA%\Mozilla\Firefox&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click “OK”&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete the file called &lt;code&gt;profile.ini&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Firefox again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-10T11:27:21.957" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T11:27:21.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8854" CreationDate="2014-06-18T07:43:42.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the easiest way is to parse Grid Console's JSON response and then output it in your format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/davglass/selenium-grid-status&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;selenium-grid-status&lt;/a&gt; project as an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T07:43:42.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8176" CreationDate="2014-06-18T08:14:51.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are solutions for desktop browsers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chrome&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.parhelia-tools.com/products/gcb/googlechrome.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Chrome Backup&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firefox&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://mozbackup.jasnapaka.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MozBackup&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/back-and-restore-information-firefox-profiles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;build-in profiles functionality&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Safari&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.downv.com/Mac/download-Safari-Backup-Restore-10031477.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Safari Backup And Restore&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Internet Explorer&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.backsettings.com/internet-explorer-backup.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BackRex Internet Explorer Backup&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opera&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://operafly.software.informer.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OperaFly&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T08:14:51.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8934" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-18T09:20:22.563" Score="6" ViewCount="1958" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to use Selenium to do some automating testing. Which language has better support for Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, once a new version of Selenium is released,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I can get the newest version binding on Ruby or Python as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love the Ruby syntax more than Python's (which is more elegant, but it seems Python has better support for Selenium).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please give me some directions, thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;UPDATE&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a beginner, I will look up the documentation first and see how to use Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I found the Ruby version has poorer documentation than Python's &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any good documentation for Ruby-binding Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6526" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2016-03-13T14:26:17.010" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T19:38:00.867" Title="Which has the better support for Selenium, Python or Ruby?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-06-24T01:51:29.333" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8934" CreationDate="2014-06-18T13:27:16.657" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @Niels van Reijmersdal mentioned, it makes sense to use the language in which you have local experts available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you don't &lt;strong&gt;have&lt;/strong&gt; to use the same language - &lt;strong&gt;use the language in which your team will be more productive.&lt;/strong&gt; Python and Ruby are almost identical in expression power. I would argue that &lt;strong&gt;Python is more readable,&lt;/strong&gt; which is significant advantage when you share code with others, or even you have to read your own code few years later. Cool syntax sugar you so like in Ruby might be very well confusing to others. Python is more straightforward, and as you said, has better support for Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Python is also very popular language beyond web applications&lt;/strong&gt; (numerical processing, statistics, bioinformatics, system administration), while Ruby is limited to web application niche. For this reason, &lt;strong&gt;becoming Python expert adds more to your career options&lt;/strong&gt;. And it seems that many programmers have same opinion: Python usage steadily grows, while Ruby peaked with RoR in 2006 but slowly shrinks (according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TIOBE index&lt;/a&gt;), following Perl (which was Ruby's intellectual predecessor).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: &lt;strong&gt;I do not claim that Python has better support for Selenium than Ruby.&lt;/strong&gt; It was opinion of original poster @poc. I argue that &lt;strong&gt;Python is better choice for other reasons.&lt;/strong&gt; And because of that, and because of my experience how Python community settles around few libraries and continues to improve them (because in Python, it is easier to share code with others), &lt;strong&gt;I expect Python bindings will continue to be maintained,&lt;/strong&gt; while Ruby's popularity is past it's peak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 2: &lt;strong&gt;Criteria for selecting language to write tests&lt;/strong&gt; are different that criteria for language to write main application. My friend's company uses C++ for speed for main application (not a web application) but Python for writing tests - execution speed is not as critical for tests, but productivity and flexibility for test is better with Python, even if they have in-house C++ experts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T19:38:00.867" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T19:38:00.867" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-18T16:07:59.717" Score="1" ViewCount="342" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to learn how to write unit tests the 'proper' way and only test a specific component.  (Using &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2009/08/24/writing-great-unit-tests-best-and-worst-practises/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2009/08/24/writing-great-unit-tests-best-and-worst-practises/&lt;/a&gt; for reference)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one case, I've written a primative wrapper to query an old MS SQL 2000 database in PHP/PHPUnit.  Without getting into specifics, it looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$mssql = MSSQL::connect($credentials);&#xA;$mssql-&amp;gt;insert($table, $assoc_array_of_data);&#xA;$mssql-&amp;gt;select($table, $columns, $where_clauses);&#xA;$mssql-&amp;gt;update($table, $assoc_array_of_data, $where_clauses);&#xA;$mssql-&amp;gt;delete($table, $where_clauses);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, how would I structure a unit test to test each method in isolation, since they depend on each other?  My current unit test basically does the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Connect to the DB&#xA;// Insert a test row&#xA;// Select it to verify it made it in&#xA;// Update the test row&#xA;// Select it to verify the update worked&#xA;// Delete the test row&#xA;// Select it and verify it isn't there&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a proper approach to a unit test, or is there a better way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8048" LastEditorUserId="8048" LastEditDate="2014-06-18T17:16:22.150" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T11:39:32.580" Title="Decoupling Unit Tests" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6798" CreationDate="2014-06-18T21:00:41.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The best choice for Android is &lt;a href=&quot;http://genymotion.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GenyMotion&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GenyMotion emulator runs really fast and supports all modern desktop OSes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  To install APK file you just drag-and-drop it on emulator window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T21:00:41.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5837" CreationDate="2014-06-18T22:51:28.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use a micro-benchmarking framewrok like &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/caliper/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Caliper&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1103" LastActivityDate="2014-06-18T22:51:28.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3123" CreationDate="2014-06-19T04:15:55.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an alternative way to get a specific browser version - use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;browserstack&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; service. It can fire up almost any browser on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/list-of-browsers-and-platforms?product=live&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;almost any operating system&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also run your selenium tests on &lt;code&gt;browserstack&lt;/code&gt;, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/automate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium Cloud Testing&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T04:15:55.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8941" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-19T08:51:46.140" Score="2" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an ASP.NET website using JMeter. I want to check whether my website can handle 500 requests per second. I have used below scenarios to do the load testing. Scenario 1 and Scenario 2 give me two different results, but I do not know if either one is correct.  What is the correct way to check whether the website can handle 500 requests per second ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario 1.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BZjOE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario 2.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jlS8Y.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8053" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-06-19T09:43:06.487" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T13:41:52.360" Title="Difference between Jmeter load test scenarios" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8934" CreationDate="2014-06-19T08:52:22.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In my opinion it's better to develop with the tools and languages that you love.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are good Selenium recipes, code examples &amp;amp; API references for Ruby:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://samples.leanpub.com/selenium_recipes-sample.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;http://samples.leanpub.com/selenium_recipes-sample.pdf&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/RubyBindings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/RubyBindings&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rubydoc.info/gems/selenium-webdriver/2.2.0/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;http://rubydoc.info/gems/selenium-webdriver/2.2.0/&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (the right top corner)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-19T22:00:32.963" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T22:00:32.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8943" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8948" CreationDate="2014-06-19T09:09:40.530" Score="4" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;We reflect on using SeeTest for mobile app test automation. I am familiar with Selenium 2 / WebDriver and like to use PageObjects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to create PageObjects or something similar with SeeTest? The SeeTest test automation can be developed with Java or other programming languages, so it should be possible. But I have no experience with this tool and I want to play safe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your support!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PageObject: A class for a page or component of a page which provides all&#xA;elements and actions. This way it is possible to write easy to understand test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T13:56:53.187" LastActivityDate="2020-07-14T13:56:53.187" Title="Is it possible to create something like PageObjects with SeeTest?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="8944" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-19T10:07:54.153" Score="1" ViewCount="779" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose user has received around 5 notifications for the same app in Notification center/status bar and user tap any of the notification from notification center/status bar without viewing it then: What should the result be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User should see the latest notification as an alert when the app opens?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User should see the first notification as an alert when the app opens?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User should see all notifications as alerts when the app opens?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User should see the notification I tapped on as an alert when the app opens?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any other option?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-19T11:18:00.760" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T16:38:08.527" Title="How priority of Push Notifications is decided in Android or iOS apps?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-06-21T10:21:15.620" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8941" CreationDate="2014-06-19T14:15:42.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both of those scenarios have problems.  Scenario 1 has a ramp-up period of only one second.  I can't tell  you what the right ramp-up period is, but you can figure it out with experimentation.  It almost certainly needs to be greater than one second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario 2 has 60,000 threads.  The right number will depend on your JMeter machine and how JMeter is interacting with the site, but it is almost certainly closer to 500 than 60,000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, your real question was how to measure whether the site can handle 500 req/sec.  You haven't given us enough information to answer the question, so I will make some assumptions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every request is exactly the same, i.e. no authentication, and no request depends on having visited the site before.  If that's true, I can forget about &lt;em&gt;users&lt;/em&gt; and focus on &lt;em&gt;requests&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The site runs on exactly one  machine, and it has four cores.  Your site can't handle more simultaneous requests than the number of cores on the machine(s) that are running it.  That means at any moment the site can't actively work on more than 4 simultaneous requests.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under those assumptions, I would measure with 4 threads, then with 8 threads, then with 16 threads, and so on, until you stop seeing any improvements.  (At some point performance will get &lt;em&gt;worse&lt;/em&gt; because either your server or your JMeter machine will bog down.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-06-19T14:20:44.517" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T14:20:44.517" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-19T14:58:51.473" Score="3" ViewCount="1630" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-1.Click link from window-1.New window gets opened.Say it as&#xA;window-2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-2.Do action on window-2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-3.Close window-2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-4.Move focus to window-1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-5.Click an element in window-1(Here a New window is getting&#xA;opened)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-6.Click link from window-1 again opens another window-say it as&#xA;WINDOW-2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-7.Do actions on WINDOW-2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-8.Close window-2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-9.Move focus to window-1 again and perform action.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step-10.Close window-1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---Clicking the element on parent window on step-5 opens in a new window---**&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String oldTab = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;//clicking link to open new window&#xA;if(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;element&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;{ &#xA;   Actions aBuilder = new Actions(driver);                                                            aBuilder.keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).click(link).perform();&#xA;   ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; newTab = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;(driver.getWindowHandles());&#xA;   newTab.remove(oldTab);&#xA;   driver.switchTo().window(newTab.get(0));&#xA;   //peform action&#xA;   driver.close();&#xA;   driver.switchTo().window(oldTab);&#xA;}&#xA;String oldTab1 = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;driver.navigate().refresh();&#xA;//Clicking link to open in new Window&#xA;if(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;element&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;{ &#xA;   Actions aBuilder1 = new Actions(driver);&#xA;   aBuilder1.keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).click(link1).perform();&#xA;   ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; newTab1 = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;(driver.getWindowHandles());&#xA;   newTab1.remove(oldTab1);&#xA;   driver.switchTo().window(newTab1.get(0));&#xA;   //perform action&#xA;   driver.close();&#xA;   driver.switchTo().window(oldTab1);&#xA;}  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-21T02:02:53.967" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T02:02:53.967" Title="problem handling multiple windows in webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8943" CreationDate="2014-06-19T19:36:01.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In SeeTest there is out-of-box concept called &lt;strong&gt;Zone&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Zones are similar to containers and allow to group elements as you wish. It's obvious to group elements by functional areas / pages / screens. So Zones are similar to Page Objects in some sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are few Zone-related official help pages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/studio/help2/WebHelp/Zone-Term.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Terminology &gt; Zone&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/studio/help2/WebHelp/New_Zone.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Add a new Zone&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To develop your own implementation of PageObject, or extend Zones with some behaviour  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;you can also export test code into regular programming language&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Find info here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/studio/help2/WebHelp/help.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Help&lt;/a&gt; &gt; Plug-in &amp;amp; Add-on to 3rd party framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T10:02:39.067" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T10:02:39.067" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8937" CreationDate="2014-06-19T21:46:26.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This doesn't sound like code you'd want to unit test, since the purpose of it seems only to be interacting with a database. What you want here is integration testing which will verify that parts of your system work together correctly. CRUD tests like this are pretty common integration tests in my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible that there is something worth unit testing here though. Does your code do anything besides forward requests to the database? I've seen some code like this that does things like formatting SQL commands from objects before sending them to the database engine. That's the kind of scenario where you could stub the database and verify that your query generation code is creating valid SQL queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When figuring out how and what to unit test a lot of it comes down to whether or not you wrote the code.  Ideally you'll be able to unit test all of the code you write yourself, but you'll usually get to some point where your code is just sending data or commands to 3rd party code, like a database.  You'll want to minimize the amount of code that's strongly coupled to 3rd party code to make it more testable.  How much of your example code depends on how much it does.  If it's just a wrapper around existing 3rd party code there's not much for you to do.  If it's doing anything else you can pull your code into external components and test those components in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T21:46:26.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6359" CreationDate="2014-06-19T21:57:38.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem seems to be that homebrew doesn't have an obvious way to install both 3.3 and 3.2 and a somewhat extended Googling did not yield an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;— Try the following solution to install multiple Python 3.x versions with &lt;code&gt;brew&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you don't have any Python 3.x installed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;brew uninstall python3&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then &lt;code&gt;cd&lt;/code&gt; into your brew directory, this is &lt;code&gt;/usr/local&lt;/code&gt; normally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd /usr/local&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then list all the available Python 3.x versions in Homebrew:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;brew versions python3&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then follow installation instructions for required Python versions from &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/Bouke/11261620&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-06-19T21:57:38.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8269" CreationDate="2014-06-19T22:52:41.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good free solutions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.att.com/application-resource-optimizer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AT&amp;amp;T Application Resource Optimizer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://newrelic.com/mobile-monitoring&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Relic Mobile&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can try the following commercial ones:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soasta.com/testing-solutions/mobile-performance-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Soasta's solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neotys.com/introduction/mobile-load-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Neotys' solution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-07-22T22:48:18.467" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T22:48:18.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8952" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-20T10:01:35.623" Score="2" ViewCount="35333" Body="&lt;p&gt;The command &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;xpath&quot;). click();&lt;/code&gt; is not working in Web driver. Kindly check the below code written in selenium RC and webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium RC :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void courselibrary_click() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;        selenium.open(&quot;/ksdlms/&quot;);&#xA;        //selenium.setSpeed(null);&#xA;         selenium.windowMaximize();&#xA;         selenium.windowFocus();&#xA;&#xA;         selenium.type(&quot;name=userID&quot;, &quot;asha&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            selenium.type(&quot;name=password&quot;, &quot;welcome&quot;);&#xA;            selenium.click(&quot;id=loginbutton&quot;);&#xA;            //selenium.waitForPageToLoad(&quot;30000&quot;);&#xA;            Thread.sleep(30000);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;ok&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            selenium.click(&quot;xpath=html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[283]/td[2]/a&quot;);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;ok ok&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Webdriver :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void courselibrary_click() throws Exception {&#xA;          driver.get(baseurl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        //driver.switchTo().window(&quot;KESDEE Learning Management System.&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;userID&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;asha&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;welcome&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginbutton&quot;)).click();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;ok&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;ok ok&quot;);&#xA;       // driver.implicitly_wait(300);&#xA;        //System.out.println(&quot;ok&quot;);&#xA;        **driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[283]/td[2]/a&quot;)).click();**&#xA;                                //selenium.click(&quot;xpath=html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[6]/td[2]/a&quot;);&#xA;       //element.click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After login to the application, driver is unable to find an element and throwing exception: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FAILED: courselibrary_click&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[283]/td[2]/a&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 44 milliseconds&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8064" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-17T17:39:23.063" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T10:43:49.313" Title="Selenium: driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;xpath&quot;).click(); failing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8953" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-20T10:30:54.787" Score="0" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some queries regarding automation test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: I want to test login and logout from the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What type of test cases should be automated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8065" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T10:52:19.167" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T12:20:32.140" Title="What should be automated to minimize manual testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8953" CreationDate="2014-06-20T11:17:31.303" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, take a look at the answers to these questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/783/does-automating-your-manual-tests-give-you-good-automated-tests&quot;&gt;Does automating your manual tests give you good automated tests?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/822/what-are-good-guidelines-to-determine-when-to-automate-a-test&quot;&gt;What are good guidelines to determine when to automate a test?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1703/transition-from-all-manual-testing-to-automated-testing&quot;&gt;Transition from all manual testing to automated testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them provide some insight into the general question of what type of test cases should be automated - but you should remember that there are &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; absolute rules. The types of test cases that should be automated in your organization may not be the ones that should be automated in my organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use your logon/logoff example, you would want to consider automating in these cases (this is not an exclusive list - I'm sure there are many more examples):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there is a login screen and you can't do anything else in the application until you've logged in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the path through the application is different for a logged in user than it is for a non-logged in user.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the application offers different functionality to different levels of user account.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the application stores user preferences associated to the user login.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the application locks a user out after a set number of failed login attempts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might consider &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; automating user logon/logoff in circumstances like these (again, not an exclusive list):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the application behavior doesn't change for a logged in user compared to a user who isn't logged in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the application uses domain credentials to perform an implicit logon.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things you would consider &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; automating:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hardware interactions such as PIN pads, printers, and so forth. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interactions with third party applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;any kind of configuration that typically uses a &quot;set and forget&quot; pattern&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;multi-application interactions (app A communicates with app B to drive app C, which in turn sends message to app D. App A receives messages from apps B, C, and D, sends messages to apps C and D via app B. And so on)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;custom settings used by only one customer (unless that customer happens to be your largest customer, in which case you do automate).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, what you should automate depends on your business model, your application, your customer base, and whether you have the time and/or support to build the automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T11:17:31.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3806" CreationDate="2014-06-20T11:18:46.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally agree with Kate that definition is good enough if it is agreed with all participants of the development process and everybody understand it the same way. If you need definition of term I'd suggest next:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;failover testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Testing by simulating failure modes or actually causing failures in a&#xA;controlled environment. Following a failure, the failover mechanism is tested to ensure that&#xA;data is not lost or corrupted and that any agreed service levels are maintained (e.g.,&#xA;function availability or response times).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edited: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/20/137.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link to the source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T13:09:26.250" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T13:09:26.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8952" CreationDate="2014-06-20T11:23:50.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;XPath locator should begin with &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[283]/td[2]/a&quot;)).click();*&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T11:23:50.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8947" CreationDate="2014-06-20T11:34:01.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;keyDown&lt;/code&gt; method presses the key but doesn't release it.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to replace&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;aBuilder1.keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).click(link1).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;aBuilder1.keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).click(link1).perform();&#xA;aBuilder1.keyUp(Keys.SHIFT).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T12:55:43.357" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T12:55:43.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8963" CreationDate="2014-06-20T11:56:21.113" Score="3" ViewCount="9685" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to check the validation of an input field that what is the number of character it accepts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose an username field is allowed to accept 15 characters then how can I automate this test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T14:35:46.653" LastActivityDate="2019-08-12T10:18:01.720" Title="How to check no. of characters accepted by an input field using Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8967" CreationDate="2014-06-20T12:38:22.187" Score="2" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for advice on what tools/frameworks are available for monitoring our integration tests in terms of: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitoring individual test metrics (mostly time spent but also other metrics found in the code) to obtain trends and statistics for individual builds and over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuring notifications on specific integration tests metrics that fail certain criteria (allowing me to say that test X should never have a metric Y that is above Z, notifying me if that happens)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to add another quality gauge to ensure that some internal metrics are not inadvertently sliding (an example could be a match percentage of an algorithm on a known test set which should never decline). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are currently developing in &lt;code&gt;C#&lt;/code&gt;, bootstrapping tests using &lt;code&gt;NUnit&lt;/code&gt; as part of our &lt;code&gt;Nant&lt;/code&gt; based build in &lt;code&gt;CruiseControl&lt;/code&gt; (looking to migrate to &lt;code&gt;TeamCity&lt;/code&gt;) and could start developing our own internal stuff for this, but we are lazy developers and would like to build on top of other great tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess we are looking for a solution that allows us to (preferrably automatically) capture these individual metrics and run the quality checks after each build. We don't necessarily need to fail the build or the tests but we'd like the ability to go back and find the code changes that caused the quality metrics to decline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any recommendations, advice, experiences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1438" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T16:09:15.497" Title="Monitoring and Notifications on individual and custom integration test metrics" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8941" CreationDate="2014-06-20T13:41:52.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to create &quot;500 requests per second&quot; load you need to utilize &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; with 30 000 samples per minute. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another great option to precisely control the load is &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/UltimateThreadGroup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ultimate Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; available via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt; which provides easy readable load pattern graph basing on ramp-up, ramp-down and time to hold the load provided. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T13:41:52.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8958" CreationDate="2014-06-20T13:44:59.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;This is what I'd do:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insert a stupidly big number of characters (1000 for example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click somewhere else in order to remove the focus from the input field (to let the app process, at least this is how our app works)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the number of characters still in the input field, this way you'll now the max number.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, this is probably not the right approach, you should have some spec saying how many chars it should allow, but if you don't know....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T13:44:59.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8958" CreationDate="2014-06-20T13:45:33.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on implementation of input field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; All major browsers support &lt;code&gt;maxlength&lt;/code&gt; attribute.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Look at source code of the page and verify if the input field has it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desciption and example: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_input_maxlength.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_input_maxlength.asp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; Or you can enter very long text in the field and see what happens.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To generate very long string you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://textmechanic.com/Random-String-Generator.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this service&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T13:45:33.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8964" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8972" CreationDate="2014-06-20T13:58:51.433" Score="1" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been trying lately to better make use of my previous Test scenarios in Microsoft`s Test Manager. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am trying to do is create a set of generic test cases which I can easily pick off and reuse on future releases/updates. As you might well know, if I try to use one of those TC in future releases/sprint PBIs what I`ll end up doing is using that TC and updating it(not copying it or clone it). So if I switch to that root TestCase it will be updated as I did on the current one(hope it makes sense so far).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is there any way I can recycle the TestCases as above? I have not poked around Shared Steps, but is it what I`m looking for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks guys!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T11:56:07.353" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T11:56:07.353" Title="Microsoft test manager - recycling test cases" Tags="&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8958" CreationDate="2014-06-20T14:34:31.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is some pseudo code to find the max-length of an input field.&#xA;After a form submit you can check the database indeed saved the data correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function maxLength(input) {&#xA;&#xA;    while ( current != length ) {&#xA;     current = input.value.length()&#xA;     value = input.value&#xA;     input.clear&#xA;     input.sendKeys(value + randomNewChar())&#xA;     length = input.value.length()&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    return length&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful the length could be infinite and crash your browser or test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T14:34:31.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8573" CreationDate="2014-06-20T14:41:06.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try Getting Started guides, first of all&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/visualstudioalm/archive/2012/06/04/getting-started-with-load-testing-in-visual-studio-2012.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Getting Started with Load Testing in Visual Studio 2012&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.nwcadence.com/web-performance-and-load-testing-with-visual-studio-2012-remote-execution-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web Performance and Load Testing with Visual Studio 2012 – Remote Execution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they don't help you can &lt;strong&gt;try to contact &lt;a href=&quot;http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Profile/tarun__arora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tarun Arora&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tarun Arora a Microsoft Certified professional developer for Enterprise Applications&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  and he has &lt;a href=&quot;http://geekswithblogs.net/TarunArora/category/13290.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;many testing-related posts in his own blog&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T17:50:00.707" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T17:50:00.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8960" CreationDate="2014-06-20T16:09:15.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Sonar&quot;&gt;Sonar&lt;/a&gt; works well for this.  We've been using it for about a year on a suite of products written in .NET.  Monitoring metrics for individual tests is outside of the normal use case, but I believe it can be done if that's what you want.  It's also quite straightforward to add your own plugin to work with custom metrics if you decide you need to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T16:09:15.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8944" CreationDate="2014-06-20T16:38:08.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here are few good UX articles on mobile notifications:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adaptivepath.com/ideas/a-conversation-with-gina-trapani-on-designing-meaningful-notifications-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Conversation with Gina Trapani: On Designing Meaningful Notifications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2012/07/12/elements-mobile-user-experience/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Elements Of The Mobile User Experience&lt;/a&gt; (see Feedback subsection)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://avc.com/2011/03/mobile-notifications/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mobile Notifications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hackingui.com/design/why-ios-notifications-are-ruining-my-marriage/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Why iOS notifications are ruining my marriage (and UX solutions)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And my opinion is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When user taps on specific notification, he expects specific context (some related functionality within an app)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When user launches application, then application can show things he has missed&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;(all notifications content, e.g. in scrollable list as a some part of a screen)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T16:38:08.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8811" CreationDate="2014-06-20T16:53:36.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please verify that &lt;code&gt;LoginSteps.class&lt;/code&gt; has implementation of &lt;code&gt;Given I am on the Login page&lt;/code&gt; step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T16:53:36.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8288" CreationDate="2014-06-20T17:01:38.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://accunit.access-codelib.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AccUnit&lt;/a&gt;, a specialized Unit-Test framework for Microsoft Access.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete, &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/56886/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it enables to test MS Access applications&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47400/best-way-to-test-a-ms-access-application&quot;&gt;similar topic at StackOverFlow&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T17:01:38.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8964" CreationDate="2014-06-20T17:15:27.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few ways to do this, one would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could create your template list of test cases in an excel file and import them to TFS using &lt;a href=&quot;http://tcmimport.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tcmimport.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also export an existing list to use with &lt;a href=&quot;http://exporttfs2excel.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://exporttfs2excel.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way would be to create copies of the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8069" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T17:15:27.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8904" CreationDate="2014-06-20T17:21:25.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know any tool parsing exit codes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anyway, I suppose &quot;Programmatically&quot; (writing own script) is the best solution.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least you know, what's happening and can fix it yourself quick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's batch script as an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;qftest.exe ...&#xA;if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 1 ( command1; command2; etc )&#xA;if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 2 ( command1; command2; etc )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T17:21:25.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8846" CreationDate="2014-06-20T17:40:23.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To verify that slider content can be changed manually, the following solution can be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement slider = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='slider']/a&quot;));&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;action.click(slider).sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_RIGHT).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then check that text or image has changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T17:55:08.217" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T17:55:08.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5250" CreationDate="2014-06-20T18:13:13.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestComplete&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/articles/testcomplete/automated-unit-testing-of-silverlight-apps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;should be able to access internal Silverlight properties&lt;/a&gt;, even in Windowless mode.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;At the same time it allows to perform functional web testing [&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/55054/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/screencasts/testcomplete/intro-to-web-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And another possible solution...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can achieve this when performing SilverLight Isolated API / Unit Testing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://weblogs.asp.net/nunitaddin/test-with-silverlight-coreclr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here's an example&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unit tests usually run against SilverLight's Windowless mode. So you can look for Silverlight unit-testing tools and use them in collaboration with web testing tools, e.g. with Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also take look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://artoftestinc.blogspot.ru/2007/05/automated-testing-of-silverlight.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-07-23T00:04:06.137" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T00:04:06.137" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8874" CreationDate="2014-06-20T18:20:29.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is the list of good books on Sotware Quality Assurance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ron Patton – “Software Testing”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(great for beginners)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lee Copeland – “A Practitioner's Guide to Software Test Design”&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(fits for all, from beginners to test managers)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;James Whittaker – “How to Break Web Software”&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(for advanced testers, better to read after getting some experience)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T18:20:29.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8977" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8978" CreationDate="2014-06-20T18:56:14.993" Score="2" ViewCount="3544" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aggregate Report in JMeter by default shows 90% line latency (is that even latency?). I'm asked to provide 99%. Can't figure out where that value could be changed. Any help is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1746" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T21:20:23.210" Title="JMeter: how to show 99% instead of 90% in Aggregate Report?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8977" CreationDate="2014-06-20T19:10:45.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There are at least 2 possible solutions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use this plugin, it generates more percentiles than default one: &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/jmeter-plugins/wiki/RespTimePercentiles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/jmeter-plugins/wiki/RespTimePercentiles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or modify &lt;code&gt;StatVisualizer.java&lt;/code&gt; class and &lt;code&gt;message.properties&lt;/code&gt;, as stated here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://djangoramone.wordpress.com/2010/06/16/jmeter-hack-2-more-percentiles-for-aggregate-report/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://djangoramone.wordpress.com/2010/06/16/jmeter-hack-2-more-percentiles-for-aggregate-report/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T21:20:23.210" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T21:20:23.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8979" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9005" CreationDate="2014-06-20T19:17:23.417" Score="7" ViewCount="488" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are planning on integrating/developping automation solution with Webdriver 2.0 for our web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently have 2 members in the team that can write code, and understand enough Java to work with Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we also have 4 members that never wrote a single line of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did you ever see such scenario? What kind of task a non-programer could do in such environnement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8072" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T17:39:35.277" Title="Selenium/Webdriver with team member that don't have programing skills" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8979" CreationDate="2014-06-20T19:24:43.217" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;As a possible solution:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add &lt;strong&gt;BDD solution&lt;/strong&gt; to your test framework. For Java popular BDD solutions are &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JBehave&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber-JVM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. So other members will write tests in Gherkin human-like language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;How it looks like? — you may ask..&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The test it self is a textual description:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Adding  &#xA;&#xA;  Scenario: Add two numbers  &#xA;    Given the input &amp;quot;2+2&amp;quot;&#xA;    When the calculator is run&#xA;    Then the output should be &amp;quot;4&amp;quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gherkin notation is used here which is:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Given [context] — When (I do) [action] — Then (I should see) outcome&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps are implemented in programming language:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given /^the input &amp;quot;([^&amp;quot;]*)&amp;quot;$/ do |input|&#xA;  @input = input&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;When /^the calculator is run$/ do&#xA;  @output = `ruby calc.rb #{@input}` raise('Command failed!') unless $?.success?&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;Then /^the output should be &amp;quot;([^&amp;quot;]*)&amp;quot;$/ do |expected_output|&#xA;  @output.should == expected_output&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often human-like stories are developed by manual testers&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;and then they're partially or fully automated by automation engineers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T22:37:09.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6581" CreationDate="2014-06-20T21:45:42.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the following, it should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;element($this-&amp;gt;using('css selector')-&amp;gt;value('*[class=&quot;sideNav&quot;]'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;byClassName('sideNav');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-20T21:54:09.097" LastActivityDate="2014-06-20T21:54:09.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8979" CreationDate="2014-06-21T02:01:21.330" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to completely agree with Dmitry, however, I'd like to add to it.  This is a perfect example of when you could begin teaching your other testers to code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen this work very well with working sessions and paired programming.  I've done this previously with a department where we got together every week or 2 for an hour and went over writing some test automation.  About half the time was spent coding, and the other half answering questions.  The goal was never to make them write test automation full time, but give them enough knowledge to help out, write some of their own scripts, and give them enough knowledge to know what types of questions they needed to ask.  We would also typically give them &quot;homework&quot;.  We'd ask them to work on producing something very small and basic during any slower times they had by the time that we did the next session. Our management at the time was very open to giving people some time to do this to grow themselves.  Even those who went on to never write another line of code  ended up being able to communicate with our developers that much better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T02:01:21.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6594" CreationDate="2014-06-21T06:06:35.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checkout official Microsoft tips and solutions on improving IIS performance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee377050.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee377050.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T06:06:35.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8985" CreationDate="2014-06-21T06:44:44.310" Score="3" ViewCount="14703" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can get the window name through selenium IDE, but with the same name, i cant able to find through firebug. Is there anyother way to find the window name using firebug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T08:21:55.113" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T08:21:55.113" Title="How to find the window name using firebug?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;firebug&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8984" CreationDate="2014-06-21T08:31:48.980" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open &lt;code&gt;Console&lt;/code&gt; tab in Firebug;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Execute &lt;code&gt;window.name&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;window.document.title&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-21T10:36:04.203" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T10:36:04.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8986" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-21T12:46:01.337" Score="2" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've looked a lot for this kind of question and couldn't find anything, I think the answers here could be helpful to schools and their students.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My collage has problems with it's homework testing system and I'd like to offer them that i'll upgrade or rebuild their testing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My collage testing method is totally black-box. Students write whatever they want as long as they pass the automated tests done on school server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The teaching assistant then proofreads all students code commenting on faulty logic and bad practices. The problem is that it's not humanly possible to proofread all this code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think is the best homework testing method that'll encourage (or better, force) students to write good code, and secondly, as a result, will reduce the teaching assistant proofreading task to a minimum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--We program in C++ on linux.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for you comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8075" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T16:17:36.467" Title="homework testing method for schools" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-06-24T01:52:20.040" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8986" CreationDate="2014-06-21T15:00:19.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is important to identify the problem you are trying to solve. Are you trying to reduce the teacher assistant work load or are you trying to graduate developers with good coding habits? You can easily reduce the TA workload by requiring the students to accomplish pre-ordained interim tasks (essentially revert your class to a spoon-fed high school curriculum - probably not what you are looking for!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One alternative that I picked up in software testing is outlined in this blog post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/applying-the-lessons-of-rapid-testing-intensive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/applying-the-lessons-of-rapid-testing-intensive&lt;/a&gt;  This outlines a four-step critical thinking approach for breaking down the task into the basic requirements: identify the oracles (how you would identify a defect), the surfaces (what are the operational/development parameters), the risks (what is most likely to break), and a plan based on the previous steps (in this case, a development plan instead of a test plan). When they have problems, it is important to encourage questioning and communication to insure all of the process building blocks are in place (and make them show their work for each step). This isn't a guarantee for making them all exceptional developers, but it will better prepare the motivated ones for the real world by emphasizing critical thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A year ago, I switched from software testing to hardware test automation development using a C-based framework. My experience using that approach allows me to develop the prototype software very quickly with a reputation for thoroughness and efficiency. One word of warning, this may take a semester or two to work the kinks out applying it to a classroom environment, but I think you will be happy with the results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T15:00:19.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8986" CreationDate="2014-06-21T16:10:14.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can reduce teaching verification efforts by using automated c++ code verification tools, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.inspirel.com/vera/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vera&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google's &lt;a href=&quot;http://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/cpplint/cpplint.py&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;c++lint&lt;/a&gt; (from &lt;a href=&quot;http://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/cppguide.xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google code style guide&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://gna.org/projects/cxxchecker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cxx checker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/nsiqcppstyle/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nsiqcppstyle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these tools are free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-21T16:17:36.467" LastActivityDate="2014-06-21T16:17:36.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2869" CreationDate="2014-06-22T06:58:06.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For each suite you have to specify parallel=&quot;classes&quot; and thread-count then testcases under that suite will run in parallel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is working testng.xml. u can give a try surely it will work since its working for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot; parallel=&quot;classes&quot; thread-count=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;class name=&quot;demo.suite.GoogleTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;class name=&quot;demo.suite.YahooTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Suite --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8079" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T06:58:06.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7403" CreationDate="2014-06-22T23:49:30.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can read/write Excel files with &lt;a href=&quot;http://poi.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache POI&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jexcelapi.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JExcelApi&lt;/a&gt; Java libraries.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Below are few examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Apache POI writing spreadsheet example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import  java.io.*;&#xA;import  org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;&#xA;import  org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;&#xA;import  org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;&#xA;import  org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;&#xA;&#xA;public class CreateExlFile{&#xA;     public static void main(String[]args){&#xA;    try{&#xA;    String filename=&quot;C:/spreadsheet.xls&quot; ;&#xA;    HSSFWorkbook workbook=new HSSFWorkbook();&#xA;    HSSFSheet sheet =  workbook.createSheet(&quot;FirstSheet&quot;);  &#xA;&#xA;    HSSFRow rowhead=   sheet.createRow((short)0);&#xA;    rowhead.createCell(0).setCellValue(&quot;No.&quot;);&#xA;    rowhead.createCell(1).setCellValue(&quot;First Name&quot;);&#xA;    rowhead.createCell(2).setCellValue(&quot;Last Name&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    HSSFRow row=   sheet.createRow((short)1);&#xA;    row.createCell(0).setCellValue(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    row.createCell(1).setCellValue(&quot;Edith&quot;);&#xA;    row.createCell(2).setCellValue(&quot;Coleman&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    FileOutputStream fileOut =  new FileOutputStream(filename);&#xA;    workbook.write(fileOut);&#xA;    fileOut.close();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;The file was successfully generated!&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    } catch ( Exception ex ) {&#xA;        System.out.println(ex);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;       }&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;JExcelApi writing spreadsheet example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.File; &#xA;import java.util.Date; &#xA;import jxl.*; &#xA;import jxl.write.*; &#xA;&#xA;WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(&quot;output.xls&quot;));&#xA;WritableSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(&quot;FirstSheet&quot;, 0);&#xA;&#xA;//The following code fragment puts a label in cell A3, and the number 3.14159 in cell D5. &#xA;Label label = new Label(0, 2, &quot;A label record&quot;); &#xA;sheet.addCell(label); &#xA;Number number = new Number(3, 4, 3.1459); &#xA;sheet.addCell(number);&#xA;&#xA;workbook.write(); &#xA;workbook.close();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T23:49:30.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8649" CreationDate="2014-06-22T23:59:57.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As TestCafe doesn't include built-in solution to find out element locators,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can use the common element identification tools, like Chrome's &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/chrome-developer-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;built-in Developer tools&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://getfirebug.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FireBug&lt;/a&gt; for Firefox, or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=18359&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Developer Toolbar&lt;/a&gt; for Internet Explorer.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a good article on using them: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dailypost.wordpress.com/2013/07/25/css-selectors/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dailypost.wordpress.com/2013/07/25/css-selectors/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-22T23:59:57.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6275" CreationDate="2014-06-23T04:58:57.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to add delay after &lt;code&gt;SetData&lt;/code&gt; method, so the code will look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;focus  |  class=cke_show_borders&#xA;typeKeys |  class=cke_show_borders  | testing content&#xA;runScript | CKEDITOR.instances[&quot;editor1&quot;].setData('testContent');&#xA;pause 2000;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then press 'Save' button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T04:58:57.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8993" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-06-23T06:36:52.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; is implemented as a Firefox extension, and allows you to record, edit, and debug tests. Selenium IDE includes the entire Selenium Core, allowing you to easily and quickly record and play back tests in the actual environment that they will run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.openqa.org/display/SIDE/Getting+Started+with+Selenium+IDE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Getting Started with Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-23T20:05:25.520" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T20:05:25.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8994" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-06-23T06:36:52.937" Score="0" Body="Selenium IDE is an integrated development environment for Selenium scripts." OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T12:33:45.387" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T12:33:45.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8807" CreationDate="2014-06-23T10:09:37.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One can think defect prediction is a tool in hands of project owner (who has ordered to execute this project and given funding etc) which is indicator of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if there is some major goof up in development process or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;still how many bugs should be expected from customer or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how effective current testing/test planning is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this sense predication is still relevant. However on its own defect prediction cannot do reduction in testing cost or play a role in improving software quality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course one has to keep in mind that software developments is still a non-exact science and hence some amount of heuristic plays a role in predication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T10:09:37.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="8999" CreationDate="2014-06-23T10:10:56.347" Score="2" ViewCount="3361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test a price range bar implemented with a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jqueryui.com/slider/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jQuery slider&lt;/a&gt;. Suppose the defined range is 100-10,000. I want web driver to slide the minimum value to 2000 and Maximum value to 8000. I thought of using dragAndDrop property but got stuck in the situation to give target value. I am in a situation where I don't have id's for both the div.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-06-23T15:11:00.270" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T20:07:28.360" Title="How to automate range values using web driver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-23T14:37:21.680" Score="1" ViewCount="3041" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble connecting Appium to our local Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I try to connect I don't get any errors, but I do not see Appium in the Grid console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my node config file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;     &quot;capabilities&quot;:&#xA;     [&#xA;        {&#xA;            &quot;browserName&quot;:“iPhone5”,&#xA;            &quot;version”:”6.1,&#xA;            &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1,&#xA;            &quot;platform”:”MAC”&#xA;        }&#xA;    ],&#xA;    &quot;configuration&quot;:&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;cleanUpCycle&quot;:2000,&#xA;        &quot;timeout&quot;:30000,&#xA;        &quot;proxy&quot;: &quot;org.openqa.grid.selenium.proxy.DefaultRemoteProxy&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;host&quot;: “127.0.0.1”,&#xA;        &quot;port&quot;: 4723,&#xA;        &quot;maxSession&quot;: 1,&#xA;        &quot;register&quot;: true,&#xA;        “hubPort: 4444,&#xA;        “hubHost”: “192.168.28.74”:&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone had any success connecting Appium to their own Grid?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6858" LastEditorUserId="12054" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T07:34:57.170" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T07:34:57.170" Title="Connecting Appium to Selenium Grid" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8958" CreationDate="2014-06-23T14:55:32.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should develop your test cases before you automate them. In this case, if you don't know the limit, you should check the requirements, check the spec, or ask a developer what the limit was intended to be. Otherwise, how would you know the limit you found was the one that was meant to be there? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worst case, you can check it manually by typing until you hit a limit and then counting the number of characters, and use that number. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T14:55:32.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="8999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8996" CreationDate="2014-06-23T18:32:45.373" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The actual slider is a link-element you should be able to define a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18463627/multiple-values-in-css-selector-with-java-and-selenium&quot;&gt;css selector based on its classes&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;ui-slider-handle ui-state-default ui-corner-all&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first you find is the left slider, the second the right slider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have successfully used use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AdvancedUserInteractions#Generating_Action_chains&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Action Builder&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/MoveToOffsetAction.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MoveToOffsetAction&lt;/a&gt; to drag a slider X number of pixels into a direction. I would only do this if you need to verify an event fired during the sliding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://jqueryui.com/slider/#rangemax&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;min max part of the slider&lt;/a&gt; is part of the jQuery framework, also updating the range. I really wonder if you want to test the frameworks behaviour. I would just set the value of the slider to the desired ranged value with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/selenium/how-to-execute-javascript-in-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScriptExecuter&lt;/a&gt; by using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://api.jqueryui.com/slider/#option-values&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;range setter of the jQuery slider&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think its a jQuery best practise to put the slider component in to a div with an id. If your slider does not have an id, urge the developers to give it one. Note the draggers have no id and can only be found in the slider compontent div on its class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2014-06-23T20:07:28.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8997" CreationDate="2014-06-23T21:38:56.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You config file looks correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please verify that you've installed and configured Appium correctly, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/tutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this official tutorial for Mac OS&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-28T12:15:01.040" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T12:15:01.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9001" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-24T06:12:34.497" Score="0" ViewCount="3964" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are switching from Selenium RC to Webdriver, but most of the commands after converting in to Webdriver are not working .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The web driver statement for &lt;code&gt;selenium.selectwindow(&quot; title&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(v2);&lt;/code&gt; is not working (&lt;code&gt;String v2=driver.getWindowHandle();&lt;/code&gt;) and getting exception as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchFrameException: Unable to locate frame: {c4fea83b-a784-4278-a490-762bdf80a7df}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8064" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T08:15:26.000" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T17:00:32.323" Title="Alternate command for selenium.selectWindow(&quot;&quot;) in webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9001" CreationDate="2014-06-24T06:59:40.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;getWindowHandle()&lt;/code&gt; function returns the current window, I think you cannot switch to the current window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to use &lt;code&gt;getWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt; to find other windows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an example and similar issue see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19112209/how-to-handle-the-new-window-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19112209/how-to-handle-the-new-window-in-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T08:16:44.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9003" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9011" CreationDate="2014-06-24T08:02:46.993" Score="0" ViewCount="561" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the simplest way to check if file(pdf) got write protection(or not got)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Ubuntu and not got any solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastEditorUserId="7205" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T12:49:13.700" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T19:45:46.200" Title="How to check file(pdf) write protection?" Tags="&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8979" CreationDate="2014-06-24T11:17:27.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd second Lyndon's additions to Dmitry's advice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few other thoughts from my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a little formal logic never goes astray. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if any of your non-coders are strongly against learning to code, that's fine. You need strong manual testers too, and coding takes a mindset that not everyone possesses. The insight the manual people get from their introduction to automation will help them communicate with developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a big part of teaching someone to code, regardless of the purpose, is breaking down a large problem into smaller ones. Testers are already good at that, they just usually see the problem represented somewhat differently. Their problem is often &quot;test feature X&quot; and the breakdown is their test strategy, test plan, and test cases. Sometimes all you need is to demonstrate the parallels between coding and testing and your testers will be fine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there will be a transition period. During that time, your group productivity will take a major hit. Don't push too hard - your non-coders are learning something new, and your coders are ramping up a relatively unfamiliar skill-set. The surest way to guarantee the failure of an initiative like this is to fail to adjust schedule for the transition period.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if at all possible, get your programmers involved. Having your programmers pairing with your non-coding testers to write automated tests will be valuable to both - the testers will have more insight into programming, and the programmers will have more idea of what the testers need to write good tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T11:17:27.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9006" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-24T12:01:57.240" Score="0" ViewCount="513" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dropmocks.com/mFuqje&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.dropmocks.com/mFuqje&lt;/a&gt;. In the screenshot you can see times like 12am, 1am.I have stored the times in a list and iterated one by one. For every element, I want to perform a click action towards the left(marked green in screenshot) of the target element. I am using Selenium 2.40.0 with Firefox 28.0 on Mac OS X 10.8.5. What is the best way to do this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="6779" LastEditDate="2014-06-25T09:05:23.710" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T15:56:37.993" Title="Clicking near the target element using mouse co-ordinates inside Firefox Window" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9007" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9140" CreationDate="2014-06-24T12:46:27.693" Score="18" ViewCount="98215" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium, I'm facing &quot;Time out receiving message from the renderer&quot; in chrome browser while running test with selenium 2.41 and chrome 2.9x. I have tried many tests to reproduce the issue, but it occurs inconsistently. Is there any specific reasons for this issue?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastActivityDate="2020-05-14T18:45:24.483" Title="How to handle &quot;Time out receiving message from the renderer&quot; in chrome driver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9008" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9009" CreationDate="2014-06-24T13:50:01.787" Score="17" ViewCount="9161" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lets say I have an event listener that is called whenever a person has changed their location. Here's some Java code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LocationManager() {&#xA;//..&#xA;..&#xA;..//&#xA;&#xA;public void updateLocationFromGPS(String userID, String locationName) {&#xA;    if(userID!=null &amp;amp;&amp;amp; locationName!=null) {&#xA;        for(LocationChangeCallback callback : locationCallbacks)&#xA;        {&#xA;            callback.onLocationChange(userID, locationName, EventSource.GPS);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the callback...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Callback implements LocationChangeCallback {&#xA;&#xA;public void onLocationChange(String userID, String locationName, EventSource eventSource) {&#xA;//DO SOME WORK&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the event is sent and the callback is received are in two different components, hence I will need to unit test them both. Now, knowing that before I call the callback method, I do a null check on the values, and will only send the event if the values are not null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, the values received in the callback will never be null. Is it best practice to add tests to check for null values (and change my code to pass accordingly) in the callback? If so, why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8093" LastEditorUserId="8093" LastEditDate="2014-06-30T08:50:05.763" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T19:25:52.860" Title="Should I unit test for null values even if it can never happen?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9008" CreationDate="2014-06-24T14:08:43.797" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is. Because the unit tests are not only for the current version of the code. They are especially for all future versions and if somebody changes the code and does not know what s/he did, the test can fail and tell him that he did something wrong. So you can't say that this will never happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also unit tests do not only test code, they are documentation too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-06-26T07:43:55.103" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T07:43:55.103" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9006" CreationDate="2014-06-24T14:54:42.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the ActionBuilder.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.action.moveToElement(element, xOffset, yOffset).click().perform()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More examples if you need them:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/rb/Selenium/WebDriver/ActionBuilder.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/rb/Selenium/WebDriver/ActionBuilder.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T14:54:42.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9003" CreationDate="2014-06-24T15:08:19.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use from command line ls -l.  This lists files in a directory and shows the permissions for the files.  The permissions look something like this:&#xA;-rw-r--r--. 1 user1   users&#xA;It belongs in this case to the group users and user1 is the owner of the file.  The -rw means that the owner has read/write, the group has read and the overall permission for the file is read (anyone outside the group).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info about understanding permissions in linux: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linux.org/threads/file-permissions-chmod.4094/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.linux.org/threads/file-permissions-chmod.4094/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T15:08:19.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9007" CreationDate="2014-06-24T15:14:09.363" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like this issue has been logged as a bug for Selenium but has not yet been fixed:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=402&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Issue 402: webdriver hangs on page load and does not give control back for script execution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are looking for a specific repro, maybe you could help them out by posting your specific repro?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One person reported that removing any driver timeout options from their code solved the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);&#xA;//driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(40, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;//driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T10:55:36.540" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T10:55:36.540" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9003" CreationDate="2014-06-24T18:26:06.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bash script&lt;/a&gt; to check if a file is writable. Bash is the default shell under Ubuntu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example script from: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-shell-scripting-test-if-filewritable/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-shell-scripting-test-if-filewritable/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/bin/bash&#xA;FILE=&quot;$1&quot;&#xA;&#xA;[ $# -eq 0 ] &amp;amp;&amp;amp; exit 1&#xA;&#xA;if [ -w &quot;$FILE&quot; ]&#xA;then&#xA;   echo &quot;Write permission is granted on $FILE&quot;&#xA;else&#xA;   echo &quot;Write permission is NOT granted on $FILE&quot;&#xA;fi&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This checks if the file is writable for the current user running the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T19:45:46.200" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T19:45:46.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9015" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-24T20:01:08.347" Score="8" ViewCount="2077" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a large scale application with thousands of functional points and which never had any QA team or person. So when a QA person or team starts working with this type of product what should be done first? How should they implement and improve the QA process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current Scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers test their code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If any bug is reported by clients or the product owner, it's fixed and retested by developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They don't have any proper docs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question was asked in a written interview. Unfortunately I was unable to explain because I had never faced this type of problem in my real life. I will be glad if anybody can help me to answer this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5040" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-06-26T10:12:35.110" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T10:17:04.700" Title="How to implement qa test process for large scale application?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7387" CreationDate="2014-06-24T21:13:04.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, but you can capture a window image, save it and compare it to one stored on disk easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bartwullems.blogspot.ca/2013/11/coded-ui-tests-automatically-take.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://bartwullems.blogspot.ca/2013/11/coded-ui-tests-automatically-take.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8069" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T21:13:04.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9008" CreationDate="2014-06-24T21:34:03.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two questions here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One, should you unit test for unexpected inputs? Yes. Any compilable inputs are a valid unit test, and nulls, boundary conditions, and other special values should regularly be tested. It is a public method, you do not know where it may be called from in the future or what someone else may do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two, if your unit testing finds some unexpected result, should you code defensively to avoid the unexpected result? Sometimes. If your function could produce a meaningful result from the given input, then you should modify it to do so. If your function could not produce a meaningful result (for example, if you are asked to open a file for reading when the file does not exist), then you should update your unit test to expect the error or exception. In either case you should end with a passing unit test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Also, personally, one of the great benefits of unit testing is that you can produce edge and special cases on demand, even if they are difficult to find or appear impossible in the real world. There are billions of anecdotes about systems which were functioning properly for years until suddenly they weren't because someone changed some value somewhere off in a far corner of the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8099" LastEditorUserId="8099" LastEditDate="2014-06-24T21:40:29.787" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T21:40:29.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9015" CreationDate="2014-06-24T21:56:25.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think quite a few regular readers can relate to situation you described, and it is not easy to way out. :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If documentation is not required by customer, and is used only for internal process (like if your customer is internal, and IT is just a cost center, or you are developing a website for a startup), people are tempted to develop as little documentation as possible to carry them to the next day, not &quot;waste&quot; time (on documenting something which is going to change soon anyway), and spend time to solve more urgent problems instead. Like in startup, if you solve problems for users and make them happy, you survive for another day even without proper documentation. No amount of documentation will save you if you don't deliver product. So you accumulate technological debt, layer by layer, and your progress slows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hard trick is to realize when you are not startup anymore, and you need to start paying down that debt (instead of adding new features to make new customer more happy). Likely company you interviewed realized that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You start by establishing processes, and it is hard going because nobody wants to change, and old ways were good enough up until now... How you eat an elephant? One bite at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no replacement for real life experience. That's why they asked you if you have experience doing that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is not an answer, but many books were written about how to do it, and I am not going to write one now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T21:56:25.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9015" CreationDate="2014-06-24T23:23:53.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, since this is an interview they are likely going to try and find out what type of questions you will ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My response would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would first need to know what your developers are testing in order to be able to further test without just covering what has already been thoroughly tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would presume they are mainly focused on unit testing their sections so as a QA I would start working by doing end to end testing to ensure that functionality is properly working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would then start utilizing Development unit tests in the QA environment in order to optimize time to create the data needed to be able to do end-to-end testing on specific changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also start documenting as much as possible during testing in order to make it easier to train new QA members as the team is built up. While this might initially slow down the process in the long term it will greatly reduce the overall cost of the department. This would primarily depend on how large of a QA department they would be planning to hire and how much would need to be tested in a specific time frame as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After end-to-end testing has been thoroughly examined I would then start to build suites of tools in order to optimize testing time and hopefully automate much of the regression testing. Again, referencing the development unit testing can be a great source to reduce time here and be able to get the process going quicker. Also, depending on the development techniques, if the system relies heavily on stored procedures and database functions, I would utilize those to build data as needed for different testing scenarios as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all of this, the QA department should be in a decent condition to start focusing on change requests instead of ensuring existing defects are found. By now the QA department has:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;End to End Tested the entire system thoroughly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Worked hand in hand with development and built a strong relationship&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Utilized Automation techniques in order to both automate the system and to generate test data for manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dug deep into the system, database and overall mastered the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Was able to break down into teams and test individual functionality while being completely cross-trained on the system as a whole in order to reduce the risk of being hit by a bus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-06-24T23:23:53.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9020" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-24T23:25:44.733" Score="0" ViewCount="9778" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using WebDriver and I need to use XPath to get the text that appears after the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; which is &quot;59Min&quot; from the below HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;2Hrs, 56Min&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;59Min&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;input value=&quot;3hrs&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/input&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input value=&quot;4hrs&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/input&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following code doesn't do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var dfs = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//table[@id='PowerReserveTables2_0']/tbody/tr/td[6]/div/text()[2]&quot;)).Text;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither if I use following-sibling like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/div/br/following-sibling::text()[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8101" LastEditorUserId="7589" LastEditDate="2014-06-27T10:15:41.977" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T15:00:20.163" Title="In WebDriver I need to locate a text that's sibling to a tag" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9021" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-25T09:26:02.810" Score="1" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not familiar with trainings about testing because I learned everything my own, but there are - I have - options to attend on different trainings, especially about mobile app testing. Do you know trainings (in English) which worth it about mobile app testing in Europe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T11:30:38.953" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T07:27:33.853" Title="Trainings about mobile app testing" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9021" CreationDate="2014-06-25T09:33:47.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The iSQI GmbH provide trainings for Mobile App Testing. The most of them in Germany. For more information click on the following link. - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.isqi.org/en/mobile-app-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.isqi.org/en/mobile-app-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T09:33:47.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8873" CreationDate="2014-06-25T09:38:48.437" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can make use of maven-failsafe-plugin instead sure-fire to do so just put below code in your pom.xml and comment out surefire plugin from pom.xml along with dependency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what will happen like if your testng Suite is having more than one Test with testcases or classes and if any testcase will fail from any of the Test then also ur test execution will continue untill all the testcases are executed that are present in ur testng Suite and Build will be marked as unstable instead of failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;only one thing you have to take care is u run it as &quot;mvn verify&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is pom.xml snippet -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;  &#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-failsafe-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.11&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;testng.xml&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;integration-test&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;verify&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8079" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T09:38:48.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9024" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-25T09:44:08.703" Score="0" ViewCount="1843" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most developers and testers usually takes advantage of Operation System Host File (commonly known as &quot;hosts&quot;) to &quot;trick&quot; the S.O. and the browser to load websites and webservices from another server than the real production one. It's a very easy approach to be able to use the production host name of your site or service while pointing your computer to another server (staging, Q&amp;amp;A, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is acceptable when testing manually, but constrains test automation because I need to manipulate &lt;code&gt;/etc/hosts&lt;/code&gt; file on each test machine and tests running in parallel may be impacted by this change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to create a browser with mapping specific only for this browser instance? Something like WebDriver capabilities? I know there are relevant plugins for Firefox (&lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/change-hosts/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Change Hosts&quot;&lt;/a&gt;), but this makes my tests browser-specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-25T09:59:30.410" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T09:06:41.367" Title="Manipulating hosts file in WebDriver tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9035" CreationDate="2014-06-25T10:47:53.170" Score="0" ViewCount="760" Body="&lt;p&gt;I changed xml path like below. But it gives invalid xml path type of error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyAttribute&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//meta[@name='description'] and @content&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'Rent Vacation Rentals direc'&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K9nDA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8083" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:24:49.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:24:55.460" Title="Unable to verify meta description by Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9024" CreationDate="2014-06-25T10:56:07.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;oh ok, that's a tricky one. This is what I know regarding this subject, see if it can help:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- only after you close the browser the changes you made take effect&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- maybe you could, instead of using the hosts, use the name of the pc that has the app running, we do it in my company. I.E. PC1 has the app, instead of puting the ip and the url on the hosts file, you can just put the url on the browser http : // PC1 /...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before editing....&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sorry for the reply, but I can't comment... Can't you just write a function (C#, Java, etc...) to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6527229/how-do-i-change-the-hosts-file-in-a-windows-program&quot;&gt;change the hosts file&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T09:06:41.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9008" CreationDate="2014-06-25T10:56:53.943" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok - so what is a Unit-Test designed for? Essentialy to test/verify that your method behaves like it should be according to the documentation/requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if a method is documented as &quot;always returns 1&quot; you would design unit tests to verify that whatever the inputs are, the function always returns 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Callback seems to be defined as &quot;Does something XYZ. If Input is NULL will behave unexpected&quot; If that is your requirement and the documentation of your Method, you don't have to write a Unit-Test for the inputs being NULL, because whatever your method does will be correct behavior according to the definition!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because what would you test in your Unit test? Input = NULL -&gt; Expected Result = ??? what would you assert, if there is no defined behavior in the specifications ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8105" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T10:56:53.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9015" CreationDate="2014-06-25T11:32:54.457" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is - sadly - rather more common than anyone here would like. It's where I was when I started at my current position: two major applications, both stable, but the company has never had dedicated test specialists before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing I did was make sure that everyone knew there weren't going to be any &lt;em&gt;quick&lt;/em&gt; changes. No matter how skilled a person is, they need time to familiarize themselves with the software they're testing, and anything large and semi-documented is going to have &lt;em&gt;lot&lt;/em&gt; of implicit requirements that everyone &quot;knows&quot; but have never been formalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there, I took a multi-pronged approach, consisting of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Becoming familiar with the application(s) and requirements by reviewing any documentation I could find, exploring the application(s), talking to developers and project managers, and working through any documented regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing bug fixes, initially with the other team members checking over what I'd done to confirm that I hadn't missed anything (the software I work with has more possible combinations than can be tested, and early on I had no idea how many options could impact what I was testing). That also built familiarity with the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Documenting anything I felt needed more explanation. My rule of thumb for whether I document something is to ask myself if I'm likely to need to remember this later or if someone else could find it useful. If I answer yes to either of those questions, I document. If I'm not sure, I document. Typically, I'll use bullet-point notes and park the documentation I create somewhere accessible to the whole team, then invite them to update and modify as they see fit. These notes can - and do - become the core of support documentation, particularly on projects to add functionality to the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build a repository of test data. The exact form of the test data varies depending on the application. For windows applications I'll often end up with a collection of databases and data directories. For web applications it varies - the web application I support in my current position is designed in a way that separate repositories of test data aren't practical. Instead I have master lists of which customers use which settings and use those on the test site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As I become more familiar with the application(s) and the issues that arise, I start building a regression master listing. The one I have now is in wiki form on the company intranet, with a page for each module that lists the configurations that need to be checked when changes are made to that module, and which modules are impacted by changes to that module. The cross-linking is... interesting, to say the least. (For instance, changing whether or not an organization is defined for Option A changes the flow through the new hire wizard, the layout of the payroll data entry module, several menus, the format of the data sent by the payroll submission module, and a number of reports).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At this point - which could be anything from a few months after hire to well over a year - I've got enough knowledge of the system to build an automation plan and start working towards automated regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While I'm doing all this, I start by plugging myself into the existing processes, usually as a tag-along at the end. Once I'm familiar with them, I'll make suggestions to improve things, which will typically be implemented in an incremental approach. &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I started here, much of the issue management was handled by spreadsheet, there was no consistent version management, and the two sub-teams used completely different processes and tools.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first step towards a consistent process was getting the issue reporting and management onto the same tool. That's now &lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt; done. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The second was getting version control consistently in use. That's now done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The third was building a full set of development, test, and staging web environments that mirrored the production web environment as much as possible. That's in progress.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The team process is continually evolving. Initially, the driving force was largely me and my manager (I'm the sole test specialist for a team of ten). Now the whole team is involved, and when any of us find something the process isn't handling, we look for a way to improve it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For the desktop application, I wound up building a set of virtual machines to cover the environments I needed to work with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, exactly what you do in any given situation will depend on the existing processes and the nature of the application in test, but these kinds of approaches are general enough to be adapted to most environments. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T11:32:54.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9008" CreationDate="2014-06-25T13:36:33.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is part of the &quot;defined interface&quot; for &lt;code&gt;onLocationChange&lt;/code&gt; that it must not be invoked with nulls, then there's not much point testing for its behaviour on nulls. You don't care what its behaviour on nulls is; if it is ever invoked with nulls, then the bug is in the &lt;em&gt;caller&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From that, we can also conclude that you should absolutely be unit-testing all callers (including &lt;code&gt;updateLocationFromGPS&lt;/code&gt;) such that you make sure they never &lt;em&gt;pass&lt;/em&gt; nulls to &lt;code&gt;onLocationChange&lt;/code&gt;. So declaring &quot;nulls are just invalid, it's the caller's fault if I get them&quot; generally &lt;em&gt;increases&lt;/em&gt; your testing load, rather than decreasing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if there is some well-defined behaviour for &lt;code&gt;onLocationChange&lt;/code&gt; when given nulls, then you should unit test its behaviour on nulls. &lt;em&gt;Even if you never pass it nulls in your code base at the moment&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;even if the well-defined behaviour is just throwing some particular exception&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8110" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T13:36:33.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9026" CreationDate="2014-06-25T16:12:12.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try&lt;/strong&gt; the following solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyAttribute&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//meta[@name='description']@content&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'Rent Vacation Rentals more than 250,000 vacation properties.'&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-25T18:04:44.317" LastActivityDate="2014-06-25T18:04:44.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9033" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10455" CreationDate="2014-06-25T19:12:14.290" Score="2" ViewCount="2138" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using jUnit's Parameterized annotation on some Selenium tests to specify the browsers they should run with. I am also using SureFire's new parallel parameter (set to &quot;classes&quot;) to try and run them in parallel. Am I correct in assuming that if I have X test classes and Y browsers, I should see X*Y windows pop up, X of each type? I'm only seeing Y windows pop up at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, let's say I have my parameter list set to Firefox and Chrome, and I have 10 test classes. When I execute the tests with Maven, I'm seeing one Firefox window and one Chrome window appear on my remote server at a time. I want to see 10 of each, one for each class, so it takes less time to run. Is this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T16:34:58.717" Title="How can I use Surefire to run parameterized tests in parallel?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9026" CreationDate="2014-06-26T08:41:00.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now it's working by this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//meta[@name='description' and @content='Content']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8083" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:24:55.460" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:24:55.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9036" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-26T08:44:08.227" Score="0" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a new tester in selenium IDE.&#xA;I can check meta content by selenium IDE. But, I need to check some scripts as like Google analytics, crazy egg etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is selenium ide have any opportunity to check script automatically?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8083" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T15:08:56.693" Title="Is it possible to verify google analytics code, crazzy egg code, Optimizely code by selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8619" CreationDate="2014-06-26T08:56:21.910" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are trying to test feels like pretty basic automated web testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do some action&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for new element to appear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify content of element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without the actual &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML&lt;/a&gt; its hard for anyone to assist you with identifying the element. &#xA;Elements are identified in Selenium with &lt;a href=&quot;https://loadfocus.com/blog/2013/09/how-to-locate-web-elements-with-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;different type of selectors&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;strong&gt;the best advice&lt;/strong&gt; I can give you is to get better (web testing) knowledge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn HTML and CSS so you understand the structure of the websites/applications, follow the free online course on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com/tracks/web&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Codecademy&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium tutorials&lt;/a&gt; to understand basic element finding &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read a &lt;a href=&quot;http://davehaeffner.com/selenium-guidebook/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;good Selenium book&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T08:56:21.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9041" CreationDate="2014-06-26T09:29:03.503" Score="0" ViewCount="1557" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to compare a value of a td tag with a numeric value. I have o check whether the value coming in that td is &gt;= some value. The html of td is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;sorting_1&quot;&amp;gt;78000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to compare that the value 78000 &gt;=75000. Basically there is a sorting method on th. So I have to test the sorting process, So I thought to sort in ascending and comparing the first value with the boundary value and again sorting in desc and doing same comparison. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to do this in webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-26T20:08:18.170" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T12:52:53.940" Title="How to compare value of a td of a table with a numeric value using webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9039" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-26T09:57:58.123" Score="0" ViewCount="4174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to go for a Selenium training course but was bit confused whether should I go for Java or C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been to a training session for C# earlier so as far as the concepts are concerned I do have reasonable knowledge about programming. So anyone can suggest from Java or C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8120" LastEditorUserId="5071" LastEditDate="2014-06-26T10:15:42.433" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T10:52:34.850" Title="Selenium training in C# or Java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-06-26T15:27:28.500" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9039" CreationDate="2014-06-26T10:52:34.850" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Honestly, it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're with a C# shop, it makes more sense to work with C# so you can collaborate with the developers and share code. Similarly, if you're working with a Java shop, go with Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few other considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The main tool for C# development is Visual Studio. While there is a free version, the licensing for it is quite limited. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are a number of free tools for Java development. Eclipse is one of the better known ones. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium plugins and extensions differ depending on language. I don't know which of the languages Selenium supports has most support: that may impact which way you choose.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, C# and Java are very similar in terms of what they do and how they do it. I doubt it will be difficult for you to switch language if you need to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-06-26T10:52:34.850" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9038" CreationDate="2014-06-26T12:50:36.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#findElements%28org.openqa.selenium.By%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;findElements&lt;/a&gt; method to find all TD tags that match your criteria, and then &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#getText%28%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;getText&lt;/a&gt; method to retrieve each element's value.  The latter will be returned as a String, so you may need to convert it to a number before comparing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the sorted elements have a special class, you may want to use a CSS selector with &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-06-27T12:52:53.940" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T12:52:53.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9042" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-27T05:38:18.810" Score="1" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;My task involves comparing the data mapped from one format to another. Formats I use are xml to edi, edi to edi, edi to lawson, xml to pdf etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I perform it manually by comparing each input with its corresponding output and then check for the specific entries in both the docs and yes ,it is a time consuming process. Are there any tools for any of theses formats which could be used to automate the comparison?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7976" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T01:46:20.667" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T01:46:20.667" Title="Automating comparison of mapped data for different formats" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9043" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9046" CreationDate="2014-06-27T11:53:10.950" Score="2" ViewCount="338" Body="&lt;p&gt;At first thought I think I am being asked the impossible but as a black box tester I can quite easily see from a defect tracker who is responsible for the introduction of defects when retesting, however;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any ideas on identifying when a defect is introduced and by who if it is the first instance of the bug? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have some access to code but I'm not a programmer, maybe if the defect spawns an error I can find the location the error is triggered and search for it finding the person who committed the last modification. What if it does not trigger an error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The theory behind it is if testers can determine who created the problem then the responsibility to fix it lies with them and the process runs quicker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8082" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T14:19:37.467" Title="As a black box tester should I be asked to identify when defects were introduced and by who?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9043" CreationDate="2014-06-27T12:33:33.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here the way I would do that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask yourself exists the bug because of new features or changes? Bugs in specific sections of a software linked by specific changes. If you know that you can localize the number of developers they worked on this. In some cases it is just one. Go to the developer(s), show them the defect and ask for assumptions of the reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can answer the question mentioned in the &lt;strong&gt;Who&lt;/strong&gt; part, you can ask the developer(s) to take a look in there commits to find out what change the reason for the bug is.&#xA;If you can not answer the question, try to keep in mind in which application version the defect was not present. Install the versions after that one by one until you see the bug. This is very time consuming...&#xA;The best way to answer the &lt;strong&gt;Who&lt;/strong&gt; question and avoid the &lt;strong&gt;Where&lt;/strong&gt; question are daily short meetings with the developers. They share the current status and talk about troubles. You can listen and after some months - in the most cases - you can use that knowledge to link the bug reason with a change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is, that as a tester it is very important to be up-to-date with what the developers currently do. This is not always possible. But if you can, do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T12:33:33.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9043" CreationDate="2014-06-27T12:47:09.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Determining &lt;strong&gt;who&lt;/strong&gt; introduced a bug is without analyzing the code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Extremely time-consuming&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you want to install previous versions of software, you need to also accordingly change data structures, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or have a copy of your databases for every database change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keep switching between different versions which might have different behavior&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and you &lt;strong&gt;still&lt;/strong&gt; have to rely on developers to analyze code change, because quite often code change did not caused the error but unearthed hidden bug caused by different code change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Counterproductive&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It creates wrong dynamic by pointing fingers and assuming blame, instead of working as a team with developers to eliminate inevitable bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bug are inevitable&lt;/strong&gt; and we have to admit it is &lt;strong&gt;extremely expensive&lt;/strong&gt; to prevent all of them (think space exploration projects). If it is possible and not prohibitively expensive to fix the code in production (like in-house application, bread and butter of most programming), best we can do is to prevent most obvious ones fast (by automating unit testing and system testing), and engineer the process to avoid repeating same kind of bugs over and over. Obviously, more rigorous &lt;strong&gt;(and more expensive)&lt;/strong&gt; approach should be used for controlling nuclear power plant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Responsibility of tester is to &lt;strong&gt;determine if bug is present&lt;/strong&gt; (and it is not misunderstanding from a customer), &lt;strong&gt;document condition to reproduce it,&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;let developers to deal with it&lt;/strong&gt;. Yes, often the person who wrote offending code is best positioned to fix it, at this is the reason why you should test code as quickly as you can after commit. But often, that person left, or is working on another project. For this reason, many companies have &quot;maintenance team&quot; who fixes bugs in production code (possibly asking developers what the intention of the code is if not documented in sufficient details). It is counterproductive to interrupt developers working on a new feature to fix a bug in different parts of the code, and &lt;strong&gt;such interruptions will cause more bugs&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach (to let more people be familiar with more parts of the code) removes silo boundaries and improves &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bus factor&lt;/a&gt; of your project by spreading the knowledge of code broader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-06-27T13:07:35.760" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T13:07:35.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9043" CreationDate="2014-06-27T14:19:37.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your environment and the circumstances. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some rules of thumb I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WHEN&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IF I have an automated regression suite and distinct builds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AND the bug breaks the regression suite,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;THEN I can give a &quot;last known good&quot; build as well as a &quot;first known broken&quot; build. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;IF I have been working on something and I am reasonably sure it worked two days ago&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AND dropping in an older build to check is quick and easy,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;THEN I can give a last known good build as well as a first known broken.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it doesn't fall into those categories, it's usually not worth the time it takes to track the bug beyond a quick check in the most recent release build to determine if it's a pre-existing or new bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WHO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IF the culture is NOT a blame the dev culture &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AND the bug is in an area being heavily modified for a project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;THEN I MAY identify that project as being the probable cause of the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;IF the culture is NOT a blame culture&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AND the bug didn't exist until a correction for another issue came in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;THEN I MAY identify the correction as being the probable cause of the issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reasons not to identify the cause&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any large application is going to be complex to work with. There will be unforeseen problems - blaming developers will cause resentment. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developers typically want to produce high quality code. Having someone treating their oversights or mistakes as a fault - mistakes will happen. We're human.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just because we think we know where something broke and who broke it doesn't mean we got it right. Sometimes the root cause is a completely different cause somewhere you wouldn't expect (I've seen this happen a few times).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most of the time, it doesn't matter who - or what - caused a bug. What matters is fixing it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T14:19:37.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9047" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9050" CreationDate="2014-06-27T14:35:58.353" Score="4" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tests I am doing are on IE8, which is used throughout the company, and doesn't look to be changing any time soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After testing both pieces of software with the system, it seemed as though Selenium-RC had better features for the task. E.g. Being able to click on hidden links within sub-menus. While WebDriver seems to be focusing on more modern browsers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it better practise to complete the task with the better fitting software, or use the more modern version that allow the tests to be more future-proof?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8129" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T11:31:07.263" Title="Is it reasonable to use Selenium RC over WebDriver if the former seems more suitable for the task?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9047" CreationDate="2014-06-27T16:39:48.973" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Webdriver is not only more modern. It is future &lt;a href=&quot;https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webdriver/raw-file/default/webdriver-spec.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3C standard&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to click on hidden links seems like a misfeature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use old version only if newer version was seriously lacking important features without which I cannot live.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-06-28T05:50:23.717" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T05:50:23.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5145" CreationDate="2014-06-27T20:58:17.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;some more learning material can be found at below link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/hp-loadrunner-load-testing-tool-training-tutorials/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/hp-loadrunner-load-testing-tool-training-tutorials/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8132" LastActivityDate="2014-06-27T20:58:17.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9047" CreationDate="2014-06-28T00:24:08.560" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since Selenium RC is deprecated and you touch on future-proofing, you should choose WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver expertise is more valuable to you because it's more transferrable. Yours is a future worth proofing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Over time, WebDriver expertise will only become more common than RC expertise. Subsequent hiring managers in your organization will appreciate this future-proofing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the actual question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it better practise to complete the task with the better fitting software, or use the more modern version that allow the tests to be more future-proof?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that &quot;better fitting&quot; and &quot;future-proof&quot; are equal tradeoffs, it's a better practice to pick the more modern version, under the assumption they benefit your career more. of course YMMV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T00:24:08.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9047" CreationDate="2014-06-28T11:31:07.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WebDriver is quite more reasonable option anyway.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Everything you can automate with Selenium RC, you can do with Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't perform some action with native methods (like yours &amp;quot;Being able to click on hidden links within sub-menus&amp;quot;), you can achieve the same with executing JavaScript commands from WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver will be W3C standard, so it will be supported by every browser.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Moreover, it has standardized API that is used by other tools, e.g. Appium or Selendroid. So, for instance, you can execute the same web tests in desktop and mobile browsers; or develop tests for native mobile applications using WebDriver API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver has better support. Defects are fixed from release to release, new functionality is added. More plugins exist for WebDriver. And WebDriver has much bigger community of users. However, Selenium RC is deprecated - no fixes, no new functions, no support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-06-28T11:31:07.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6039" CreationDate="2014-06-28T11:42:25.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can easily perform data driven testing via Selenium IDE by the use of DataDriven and &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/flow-control/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FlowControl&lt;/a&gt; plugins.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find detailed instructions in &lt;a href=&quot;http://saucelabs.com/resources/selenium-resources-for-newbs-data-driven-testing-with-ide-xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this Sauce Labs article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the quote from that article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Download the flowcontrol extension for IDE. (“Download” is a bit of a misnomer here, as the download link takes one to an HTML page. Simply copy/paste only the JavaScript contents of that page into a file named &lt;code&gt;goto_sel_ide.js&lt;/code&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Download the 1.1 version of the includeCommand4IDE extension. (The just-released 1.2 version appears to have a serious bug.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Download the most recent version (0.2) of the &lt;code&gt;datadriven.js&lt;/code&gt; extension.&#xA;  Install these 3 extensions in IDE via the Selenium Core extensionsfield (accessible via Options=&gt;Options=&gt;General). They must be specified in the order above!!!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Re-start IDE so that all 3 extensions will get read in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create an .xml file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;testdata&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;How It Works&quot; title=&quot;Sauce OnDemand: Cross browser testing with hosted Selenium testing in the cloud - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Downloads&quot; title=&quot;Sauce Labs Downloads&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Pricing&quot; title=&quot;Sauce Labs Pricing For Hosted Selenium in the Cloud&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Support&quot; title=&quot;Support: Sauce RC (Selenium RC) - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Forums&quot; title=&quot;Sauce Labs Forums&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Blog&quot; title=&quot;Selenium Testing? Do Cross Browser Testing with Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Flash/Flex Solution&quot; title=&quot;Automate testing of your Flex and Flash Web Apps - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Documentation&quot; title=&quot;Documentation - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;About&quot; title=&quot;About - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Team&quot; title=&quot;The Sauce Labs Team&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;News&quot; title=&quot;Selenium News &amp;amp;amp; Events - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Webinars&quot; title=&quot;Webinars - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Contact us&quot; title=&quot;Support Contact - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Service Status&quot; title=&quot;Status - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/testdata&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;linkText&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt; are variable names of my choice. You can use any names you want, and also any number of variables you want. The critical thing is that each container must contain all the data–input and output–for a single test case.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;View your .xml file in the browser to ensure that it does not contain any errors (only necessary if you did not use an XML editor to create the file).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Utilize your .xml file via creating an HTML test case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;loadTestData file:///Users/mamp/Desktop/BLOG/saucelabs-footer.xml open&#xA;http://www.saucelabs.com while !testdata.EOF() nextTestData&#xA;clickAndWait link=${linkText} verifyTitle ${title} goBackAndWait endWhile&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-30T06:52:35.620" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T06:52:35.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6904" CreationDate="2014-06-28T12:05:06.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Find Sauce Labs example here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://saucelabs.com/resources/selenium-resources-for-newbs-data-driven-testing-with-ide-xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://saucelabs.com/resources/selenium-resources-for-newbs-data-driven-testing-with-ide-xml&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a content from the article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Download the flowcontrol extension for IDE. (“Download” is a bit of a misnomer here, as the download link takes one to an HTML page. Simply copy/paste only the JavaScript contents of that page into a file named &lt;code&gt;goto_sel_ide.js&lt;/code&gt;.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Download the 1.1 version of the includeCommand4IDE extension. (The just-released 1.2 version appears to have a serious bug.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Download the most recent version (0.2) of the &lt;code&gt;datadriven.js&lt;/code&gt; extension.&#xA;  Install these 3 extensions in IDE via the Selenium Core extensionsfield (accessible via Options=&gt;Options=&gt;General). They must be specified in the order above!!!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Re-start IDE so that all 3 extensions will get read in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create an .xml file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;testdata&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;How It Works&quot; title=&quot;Sauce OnDemand: Cross browser testing with hosted Selenium testing in the cloud - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Downloads&quot; title=&quot;Sauce Labs Downloads&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Pricing&quot; title=&quot;Sauce Labs Pricing For Hosted Selenium in the Cloud&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Support&quot; title=&quot;Support: Sauce RC (Selenium RC) - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Forums&quot; title=&quot;Sauce Labs Forums&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Blog&quot; title=&quot;Selenium Testing? Do Cross Browser Testing with Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Flash/Flex Solution&quot; title=&quot;Automate testing of your Flex and Flash Web Apps - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Documentation&quot; title=&quot;Documentation - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;About&quot; title=&quot;About - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Team&quot; title=&quot;The Sauce Labs Team&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;News&quot; title=&quot;Selenium News &amp;amp;amp; Events - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Webinars&quot; title=&quot;Webinars - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Contact us&quot; title=&quot;Support Contact - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test linkText=&quot;Service Status&quot; title=&quot;Status - Sauce Labs&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/testdata&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;linkText&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt; are variable names of my choice. You can use any names you want, and also any number of variables you want. The critical thing is that each container must contain all the data–input and output–for a single test case.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;View your .xml file in the browser to ensure that it does not contain any errors (only necessary if you did not use an XML editor to create the file).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Utilize your .xml file via creating an HTML test case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;loadTestData file:///Users/mamp/Desktop/BLOG/saucelabs-footer.xml open&#xA;http://www.saucelabs.com while !testdata.EOF() nextTestData&#xA;clickAndWait link=${linkText} verifyTitle ${title} goBackAndWait endWhile&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-29T05:14:50.960" LastActivityDate="2014-06-29T05:14:50.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9020" CreationDate="2014-06-29T20:04:20.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var dfs = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//table[@id='PowerReserveTables2_0']/tbody/tr/td[6]/div&quot;)).Text.split(&quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/br&amp;gt;&quot;)[1].trim();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2014-06-30T06:50:47.480" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T06:50:47.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9056" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9059" CreationDate="2014-06-30T10:53:42.200" Score="0" ViewCount="1884" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been trying for a while to complete this task. &#xA;For context, I have a link called with text &quot;Main Menu&quot; along the top of the page, that when hovered reveals a list of more links. These links can either be clicked, to take you to the main page of that heading, or hovered over, to show more links related to that page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I have a hover method: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hover = ActionChains(self.browser)&#xA;hover.move_to_element((self.browser.find_element_by_link_text(elementId)))&#xA;hover.perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where elemendId is the parameter passed to the hover method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this hover method is called, I click on link and it works correctly, but if I try to call my hover method twice in a row and then click on the link, it will navigate down to the given menu option, reveal the link that I am wanting to click, and then closes the menu before it has the chance to click on the link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also been looking in to executing a Javascript function to call attempt to hover&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.browser.execute_script(&quot;$(\&quot;a:contains('Main Menu')\&quot;).hover();&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I don't have much experience with it and I am unsure if this is anywhere close to correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your time,&#xA;Waq&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8129" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T08:24:48.487" Title="Accessing a sub menu within a sub menu using Webdriver with python on IE8" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9057" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-06-30T16:53:45.890" Score="2" ViewCount="6044" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to create a test with JMeter to log in many users and test a website. Each user has a username, a password, and a special id number. The associated id number needs to go into the URL for some requests from that user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had thought that I could create a CSV file to read these variables, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username,password,id&#xA;username2,password2,id2&#xA;username3,password3,id3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, that doesn't seem to work. I put the &lt;code&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/code&gt; element directly under the &lt;code&gt;Test Plan&lt;/code&gt; because I want each line to be a thread (each thread representing a separate user who is making several requests). I also tried moving it to be a child of the &lt;code&gt;Thread Group&lt;/code&gt;. The username and password seem to be working alright (they are in the first request, to log in), but I am getting &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;EOF&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; in requests where I reference the id. Where have I gone wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently only trying this with one user to get it working. There are no extra line feed characters, the csv file consists only of a single line, two commas, letters and numbers, no spaces. I'd already checked that because I found someone with an &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;EOF&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; problem who said they'd been getting it for that reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8145" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T19:13:33.483" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T19:13:33.483" Title="CSVs and JMeter: using variables from a line in multiple samplers" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9056" CreationDate="2014-06-30T17:28:39.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you have a single monitor?  Is your actual mouse cursor hovering over the page while your automation is running?  Sometimes your mouse will mess up the automation that is running.  If you have a second monitor, or if you can move your mouse cursor outside of the bounds of the browser window, do you still have the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In javascript there isn't a hover method - there is in jquery, but assuming you don't have jquery - you could do fire the mousemove event like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.browser.execute_script(&quot;var evt = document.createEvent('MouseEvent');&#xA;evt.initMouseEvent('mousemove', true, true, window, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, false, false, false, 0, null);&#xA;arguments[0].dispatchEvent(evt);&quot;, &#xA;self.browser.find_element_by_link_text(elementId))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that you can reference an element in the javascript (arguments[0]) and don't need to include the CSS locator in the javascript itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-06-30T17:28:39.677" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9056" CreationDate="2014-07-01T08:24:48.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I eventually managed to find a fix for this!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code that I added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cap = DesiredCapabilities.INTERNETEXPLORER&#xA;cap['requireWindowFocus'] =  True&#xA;cap['enablePersistentHover'] = False&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put this just before&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.browser = webdriver.Ie()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although, this may not be a long term solution as it requires the IE window you are using to be your current selected window, and it actually controls your cursor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this would be okay if you were leaving a test to run overnight, but if you have a long test that you want to run in the background you may have to use a virtual machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to give Sam's answer a go as that may be a better way to make this work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8129" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T08:24:48.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9060" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9067" CreationDate="2014-07-01T08:42:23.010" Score="0" ViewCount="6652" Body="&lt;p&gt;We currently have two teams. An automation team and also a web testing team. The automation team currently use Selenium and C# to automate tests on our web applications and legacy systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a member of the web testing team, we are now starting to look at writing simple scripts using selenium, however it has been recommended to us that we start to use Python rather than C# to write our scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate any advice on the advantages and disadvantages of using C# with Selenium and also Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2913" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-07-01T11:03:54.497" LastActivityDate="2018-08-08T02:40:52.863" Title="Selenium - advantages and disadvantages of using Python vs C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9060" CreationDate="2014-07-01T09:22:45.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all: Welcome to SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart form the features of C# and Python, your team should also use C#. The web testing team can reuse scripts from the automation team. The teams can support and complement each other. They can talk about problems and challenges and find solutions together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That Python already have a xUnit framework in the standard library is the only advantage comes into my mind when I compare C# with Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-07-01T09:29:47.643" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T09:29:47.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9060" CreationDate="2014-07-01T10:22:55.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding something to @Twaldigas reply, why / who has recommended that you use python?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes perfect sense to me that you use the same language as the development and automation team, this way, if you have some problems, I'm sure they have already solved it in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plus, if the automation team already has a framework built on top of selenium, maybe you can use it instead of going through all the quirks and difficulties of starting with selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T10:22:55.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9063" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9069" CreationDate="2014-07-01T11:34:50.347" Score="0" ViewCount="323" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone tell me what is the industry standards for the following values in a IT industry?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average errors per man-day (count)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delivery slippage per release (days)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimation variation (days)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7849" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T16:41:58.333" Title="Industry standards in Quality Objective values" Tags="&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9060" CreationDate="2014-07-01T12:16:09.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disadvantages of using C# in one team and Python in the other include cost of training and cost of learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If one team finds issues and wants the assistance of the other there will be challenges with explaining the subtle features of the language used for the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;New members on either team will need some training. Using two languages will mean two types of training need to be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People transferring from one team to the other will need to learn another language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As your company already uses C# with Selenium it makes sense to reuse that expertise. Perhaps one of the developers can be seconded to the test team to give guidance and training etc. Such a secondment may be good for the developers as they get to learn about the challenges of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T12:16:09.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8953" CreationDate="2014-07-01T12:20:32.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My rule of thumb is: you should want to automate the business-critical tests, which are repeated with every new release (regression tests), if you are going to have 3+ releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T12:20:32.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-01T12:27:02.060" Score="0" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to open a popup before running my tests and after completing my test run. I want to give few inputs from the popup on basis of that my test will run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose I have multiple links on which my project is present to test. I want to select the link from popup and then my test cases should run on that selected link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have made an html file which have all fields necessary for me. I am trying to open that file in a popup before selenium start running my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest how to achieve this? I am using Selenium webdriver with Testng.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="7597" LastEditDate="2014-07-01T12:49:17.167" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T11:53:01.400" Title="How to open and get input from a popup before running test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9060" CreationDate="2014-07-01T13:26:34.193" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;To play a devil advocate, if you try Python, you will find that you are substantially more productive because of dynamic typing. Python just works much harder to &lt;strong&gt;improve productivity of the programmer,&lt;/strong&gt; as compared to C# which is focused to create &lt;strong&gt;effective code&lt;/strong&gt; (making programmer to work harder to get it). In testing, it is of little difference if test script is 20 ms faster (in C#), because tests in both languages just call the same libraries anyway. But if you can create test script one day sooner, it &lt;strong&gt;does&lt;/strong&gt; make difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python data structures are more flexible: it is trivial to create a dictionary with tuples as keys and lists as values. In C#, it is not as obvious. Many times Python debugger saved my bacon: fire it in the middle of test where interesting variables are instantiated, and you can interrogate them for properties and methods &lt;strong&gt;as they are,&lt;/strong&gt; not as you &lt;strong&gt;think&lt;/strong&gt; they should be by reading the code (as you do in C#).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;strong&gt;yield&lt;/strong&gt; operator allowed me cool tricks when implementing page object. Not sure how easy is to create a generator returning tuples in C#, but in Python it is trivial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full disclosure: I used C# for a desktop application, did not enjoyed it, and changed job to one where Python is main language for both development and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that standardization on a single language is important. But I &lt;strong&gt;strongly&lt;/strong&gt; believe that especially for testing, that language being Python has substantial competitive advantage over C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the person who suggested to try Python alongside C# wants to compare productivity and switch to the more productive platform? And I am pretty sure that Python will be a winner in that competition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T13:26:34.193" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9057" CreationDate="2014-07-01T15:38:49.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In regards to placement, you need to provide enough iterations to CSV Data Set Config so it could go for 2nd and further lines. So it makes sense to put CSV Data Set Config as a child of a Thread Group or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Loop_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Loop Controller&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; bit. Any change that username and/or password contains comma? If so, you may have to check &quot;Allow quoted data&quot; to work it around. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65138-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using CSV DATA SET CONFIG&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details. If anything is unclear update your question with CSV file content (can be partial) and your CSV Data Set Config details.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T15:38:49.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9063" CreationDate="2014-07-01T16:41:58.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to start with the flippant answers before I give you the real ones. The flip answers are no less correct, they're just not something you're likely to want to hear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no standard because it's a meaningless metric.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no standard because it's a meaningless metric.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no standard because it's a meaningless metric.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for the more detailed explanation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Average errors per man-day&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start with, what is the definition of &quot;error&quot;? Is it bugs reported by customers? Bugs reported by testers? Developer typos that never see compilation? Even if you nail down your definition to something like &quot;bug reports determined by triage team to actually &lt;em&gt;be&lt;/em&gt; bugs&quot;, you still can't get a meaningful average per anything from that number, for these reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every project is different. Small discrete changes typically generate few bugs compared to large structural changes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every organization is different. You can't compare bug counts from, say, Microsoft against bug counts from a three-man startup that builds social games, and you can't compare either of those to company that builds embedded medical device software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every organization has its own fault-tolerance level, and often there are varying fault-tolerance levels within an organization and within a single software application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not everything that gets &quot;fixed&quot; is a bug. Sometimes it's simply something a large customer dislikes so it gets changed as a bug fix for goodwill purposes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Delivery slippage per release&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I suspect I'm not the only industry professional here trying not to laugh cynically. At my current workplace releases are almost never delivered late - because they aren't &lt;em&gt;decided&lt;/em&gt; until the release content is tested and cleared for release. At my last job, releases were sometimes late, but largely because there was at least a week before each one of &quot;heroic&quot; effort (late nights, weekends, and so forth) and/or the release suddenly became a &quot;beta&quot; (aka it's not good enough but we have a contractual obligation to provide &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, every release is different. A small, bug fixes only release is less likely to have schedule slippage than a large release with multiple new features. An organization that operates on a continuous release cycle (many web applications do this now) is rarely if ever going to miss release. Some of the big web applications the release and test cycles are performed on the same codebase, live - they have an access level flag on every feature which they flip from testing access to public access (I don't have examples - sorry).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estimation variation&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Again, every project is different. A small, discrete change in a well-known area of a well-designed application can usually be estimated with reasonable accuracy. Anything involving new functionality? There's too much that people don't know they don't know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've been asked this by a teacher or professor, shame on them - but you may need to give them the answer they expect in order to pass (in which case, ask them). If not, here's a little more information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software development and testing are &lt;em&gt;gnarly problems&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - they do not have a single, accepted correct answer. Any software development project is a problem that can have multiple solutions that will fit the purpose, each of them with advantages and disadvantages. Testers can take a number of different approaches and reach the same end result. Often what constitutes a successful software development project is decided by completely non-technical factors that the development and test team don't touch. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is no industry standard because the software/IT industry is not standardizable&lt;/strong&gt;. No matter how you slice and dice data and categories, you're still never going to get away from the fact that there will be developers and testers who are industry superstars (go to Stack Overflow and search for Jon Skeet - or better still, go to the main stack exchange meta and search for the Jon Skeet topic). There will be others who are solid, competent workers. There will be erratic geniuses who are utterly brilliant when they get it right and devastating when they don't. And there will be people who shouldn't be in the position they hold, managers who don't understand what they're trying to manage, and every possible human resource disaster imaginable. Sometimes all in the one company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as software development and testing sit somewhere between skilled trade, art, and craft, they will remain fundamentally unmeasurable - which I think is likely to be forever because we are making things for &lt;em&gt;people&lt;/em&gt;, and people are not and never will be interchangeable widgets. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-01T16:41:58.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7727" CreationDate="2014-07-02T05:00:26.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team uses &lt;strong&gt;TestLink&lt;/strong&gt; to manage hundreds of Test Cases (including automation scripts as attachments) in dozens of Test Suites, so I don't have a better &lt;em&gt;open source&lt;/em&gt; recommendation from personal experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been on teams where we used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/quality-center-quality-management/index.html?&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HP Quality Center&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, and found it to be robust, but expen$ive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is, of course, yet another similar question on this site: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6428/what-test-management-system-should-i-use&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;What test management system should I use?&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt; that mentions a couple other commercial tools (TFS &amp;amp; QA Complete) and links to a crowd-sourced list of Test Tools (@www.ministryoftesting.com); the &lt;strong&gt;Test Management&lt;/strong&gt; section of the list is currently about 40% of the way down the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8158" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T16:39:18.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9073" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-02T06:35:13.250" Score="0" ViewCount="2924" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in a situation where I have to revert all the changes which I made while testing the application. Is there any way of doing this in Testng? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose if I have added something into the application during testing add functionality. now when I am tearing down this test case, I have to revert the changes. Any suggestions how to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have deleting functionality then I can delete that added thing in tear down. but that would be a kind of test case for delete functionality into a tear down process. isn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if we don't have any delete functionality then. Anyone who knows how to revert the changes, please suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am taking selenium webdriver and testng in use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="7597" LastEditDate="2014-07-02T06:48:09.807" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T21:52:47.380" Title="How to revert the changes made by selenium in a tear down process?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9074" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9086" CreationDate="2014-07-02T06:37:45.230" Score="3" ViewCount="5464" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to validate application output result with Database using selenium webdriver (Java).  Please let me know how this can be achieved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or could you please let me know how to use selenium webdriver with database?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I am able to connect to database by below code.&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;Code to connect to database:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.sql.*; &#xA;public class Db1 { &#xA;static final String JDBC_DRIVER = &quot;org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver&quot;; &#xA;static final String DB_URL=&quot;jdbc:mysql://111.0.0.1:12345/actitime&quot;;&#xA;static final String USER =&quot;actitime&quot;; &#xA;static final String PASS =&quot;actitime1&quot;;&#xA; public static void main(String[]args){ &#xA;Connection conn=null;Statement stmt=null; &#xA;try{&#xA;Class.forName(&quot;com.mysql.jdbc.Driver&quot;); &#xA;conn=DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS); &#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Connected database successfully&quot;); &#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Creating statement&quot;);&#xA;stmt=conn.createStatement();&#xA;.....&#xA;.....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But not not sure how to validate result of the application using selenium webdriver and result saved in the database.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="8159" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T06:36:21.747" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T06:36:21.747" Title="Selenium WebDriver (Java) with database" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-07-10T14:39:57.773" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9066" CreationDate="2014-07-02T07:12:10.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG provide a lot of annotations for thinks like that: &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;BeforeGroups&lt;/code&gt; and more: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#annotations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#annotations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be look like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup() {&#xA;    // open your popup and click on the link&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void test() {&#xA;    // test case&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@AfterTest&#xA;public void tearDown() {&#xA;    // close popup&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestNG also provide Listeners: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#testng-listeners&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#testng-listeners&lt;/a&gt;. With Listeners you can say what before or after a test happens. Also what happens when a test finish, failed, skipped or succeed. Maybe this provide a better way for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-07-02T07:28:06.017" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T07:28:06.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9077" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9078" CreationDate="2014-07-02T07:40:17.653" Score="1" ViewCount="89676" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I downloaded the test case from the test plan in QC then all the test cases field are downloaded except the test case design steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please give me some solution of this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8160" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T02:01:06.243" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T02:01:06.243" Title="How to export the test cases with design steps from test plan in QC (HP ALM Quality Center 11.52)" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9077" CreationDate="2014-07-02T08:08:23.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can follow below mentioned step to create TCs with Steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the Folder where your TCs are stored.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Tests with Design Steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer the screenshot for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cEu6K.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7527" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T08:08:23.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9073" CreationDate="2014-07-02T08:48:52.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I understand from your question, you want to delete the records of the actions you made on your app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has nothing to do with selenium or testng, you need to have an app for tests only, with a clean DB, that you can delete the records from your actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this helpful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5463" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T08:48:52.553" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9080" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9084" CreationDate="2014-07-02T10:00:41.703" Score="3" ViewCount="6437" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our application we are using web-services and DB, is it possible to integrate Selenium webdriver with web-services (Soap UI)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If two different frameworks are integrated, whether this is good?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My expectation is: Have to validate or compare actual result with webservices or DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-10T16:13:37.850" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T16:13:37.850" Title="Selenium webdriver - Java with Webservices" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9081" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9083" CreationDate="2014-07-02T10:09:08.037" Score="0" ViewCount="39176" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to send an email of report of the test as soon as my all tests get executed. I will have to mention this in AfterSuite but don't know what exactly will have to use to achieve this. Any suggestion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T10:07:52.097" Title="Send testng report through email after test execution" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9082" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-02T10:22:58.873" Score="2" ViewCount="1284" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone please help me on the problem below:&#xA;I have added a ThreadGroup and Firefox driver config and Web Driver Sampler.&#xA;I have just written the below code in Web Driver Sampler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WDS.sampleResult.sampleStart()&#xA;WDS.browser.get('http://google.com')&#xA;WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I save this and run, the Firefox browser is getting launched, but it is not navigating to '&lt;a href=&quot;http://google.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://google.com&lt;/a&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please let me know why this is happening. I have tried this in 2 versions of Firefox, with the same result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8163" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-07-02T10:57:53.767" LastActivityDate="2019-08-27T14:03:30.610" Title="J Meter Web Driver Sampler does not navigate to the url Specified" Tags="&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9081" CreationDate="2014-07-02T10:36:14.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you run your TCs through TestNG, a test-output folder is created, which contains a file with name &lt;code&gt;emailable-report.html&lt;/code&gt;, so basically you need to send that file as an attachment to the stakeholders. Here I've considered the fact that your localhost is configured to send emails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find below the code that you can use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.*;&#xA;import javax.mail.*;&#xA;import javax.mail.internet.*;&#xA;import javax.activation.*;&#xA;&#xA;public class SendFileEmail&#xA;{&#xA;   public static void main(String [] args)&#xA;   {&#xA;&#xA;      // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.&#xA;      String to = &quot;abcd@gmail.com&quot;;&#xA;      // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned&#xA;      String from = &quot;web@gmail.com&quot;;&#xA;      // Assuming you are sending email from localhost&#xA;      String host = &quot;localhost&quot;;&#xA;      // Get system properties&#xA;      Properties properties = System.getProperties();&#xA;      // Setup mail server&#xA;      properties.setProperty(&quot;mail.smtp.host&quot;, host);&#xA;      // Get the default Session object.&#xA;      Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);&#xA;&#xA;      try{&#xA;         // Create a default MimeMessage object.&#xA;         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);&#xA;         // Set From: header field of the header.&#xA;         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));&#xA;         // Set To: header field of the header.&#xA;         message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,&#xA;                                  new InternetAddress(to));&#xA;&#xA;         // Set Subject: header field&#xA;         message.setSubject(&quot;This is the Subject Line!&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;         // Create the message part &#xA;         BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();&#xA;&#xA;         // Fill the message&#xA;         messageBodyPart.setText(&quot;This is message body&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;         // Create a multipar message&#xA;         Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();&#xA;&#xA;         // Set text message part&#xA;         multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);&#xA;&#xA;         // Part two is attachment&#xA;         messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();&#xA;         String filename = &quot;&amp;lt;Enter File Path of Emailable Report&amp;gt;&quot;;&#xA;         DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);&#xA;         messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));&#xA;         messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);&#xA;         multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);&#xA;&#xA;         // Send the complete message parts&#xA;         message.setContent(multipart );&#xA;&#xA;         // Send message&#xA;         Transport.send(message);&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot;Sent message successfully....&quot;);&#xA;      }catch (MessagingException mex) {&#xA;         mex.printStackTrace();&#xA;      }&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7527" LastEditorUserId="7527" LastEditDate="2014-07-02T12:19:13.437" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T12:19:13.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9080" CreationDate="2014-07-02T11:25:47.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In our application we are using web-services and DB, is it possible to integrate Selenium webdriver with web-services (Soap UI)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is in Java, yes it is possible to interact with SoapUI using the test runner or by &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.soapui.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&amp;amp;t=22797&amp;amp;sid=e6dc0f93514c0cb0991e7767c5eb35a7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;importing SoapUI into Java&lt;/a&gt; and running it as a background task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If two different frameworks are integrated, whether this is good?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think the issue you will have will be the different frameworks. I think the issue will be the fact that SoapUI has a horrible integration into being remotely controlled. It's cumbersome, difficult and overall a pain. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/webservices/jax-ws/jax-ws-hello-world-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;I would suggest just adding the web services into your Java project&lt;/a&gt; and building a harness for it that way you have absolute control easily over the web services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My expectation is: Have to validate or compare actual result with webservices or DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So where is the need for Selenium here? It sounds like you need to call a webservice, check the data against results in the database and have an assertion checking that they match. No need to use Selenium for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-07-03T11:51:29.553" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T11:51:29.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9073" CreationDate="2014-07-02T11:26:07.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Josa Pita says, that is nothing for testing frameworks itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers could write a script to save the current version of the DB. The process should look like that: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save current version of DB/any kind of data storage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start test run. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After test run finished restore the saved version of the DB/any kind of data storage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think it is only a solution for Applications with not too big databases/any kind of data storage. You also could have troubles with manual tests while the test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the best solution would be a own test environment with a own database/any kind of data storage. Also talk to the developers. Tell him your trouble and find a solution together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T11:26:07.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9074" CreationDate="2014-07-02T11:37:41.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like the majority of your issue is in creating the connection to your Database. However, you lack to mention the type of database so I will try and cover some of the more popular ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/jdbc/connect-to-oracle-db-via-jdbc-driver-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Oracle Tutorial&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11911459/db-connection-in-oracle&quot;&gt;SO Question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jtds.sourceforge.net/faq.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SQL Server JTDS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could list all of the types of databases for years so &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/tutorials/jdbc-tutorials/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here is a list of database related tutorials&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need more specific help than please ask a more specific question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Obtain the data from the Application that will need to be validated against the database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Obtain the data from the database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare the results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T17:15:28.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9091" CreationDate="2014-07-02T15:30:46.833" Score="2" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm the lead developer in a team of 10 devs of varying skill / experience. The majority of the work that we do is in-house but the projects are getting increasingly complicated and the business is becoming more and more reliant on them to save money. We've decided to set up a small 3 person testing team to perform manual / interactive testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the testers is male and is extremely good at structured testing. He will look at an application, write a test plan and then work through it rigidly every time a new version is released. This approach works really well for us; he can quickly spot bugs and things that have changed, document them and explain them to whoever is developing that application. He's asked me to show him how to use the Selenium add-on in Firefox to quickly run a batch of tests. I personally think that testing this way is the only way but am open to having my mind changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other two testers are female. The male tester has tried to explain this approach to them but they are adamant that it won't work for them. I want to try and be as flexible as possible over this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do male and female testers approach their work in different ways? How can I engage and teach my female colleagues the benefits of a structured approach to testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8165" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T18:19:08.083" Title="Very basic roles of a testing team" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9088" CreationDate="2014-07-02T16:37:45.250" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may want to take a look at a blog I recently wrote the role of the tester in a team:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/a-conspiracy-of-quality&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/a-conspiracy-of-quality&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary role of a tester is identify risk (e.g. bugs) as early as possible in the application lifecycle and communicate that risk as early as possible. That means that communication (team meetings, emails, written bug reports) is critical to the testers role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to consider having the testers explore different roles, with the male tester acting as the &quot;army&quot; (e.g. test planning, automation) and the female testers acting as the &quot;scouts&quot; (e.g. exploratory, session-based testing focusing on identified risk areas). That combination can work well as long as everyone keeps up the communication and you don't grade testers based on bug counts, but instead how they work with the overall team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is another blog I wrote on training a tester to perform structured, exploratory session-based testing that may help: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/applying-the-lessons-of-rapid-testing-intensive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/applying-the-lessons-of-rapid-testing-intensive&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4744" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T16:37:45.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9090" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-02T18:00:19.027" Score="1" ViewCount="888" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in security administration, not QA.  Our testers have requested a userID with full access to the QA databases that will run scripts to clean-up/delete (DB2 SQL) data when necessary - which is pretty much every day.  I'm not keen on this idea as it's another userID without accountability since many different staff members will be using it each day.  They want it to streamline their processing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do others manage the clean-up of data in their QA environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks for your help,&#xA;Ann M. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8167" LastActivityDate="2018-09-16T03:11:49.110" Title="How do you maintain your testing data?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9088" CreationDate="2014-07-02T18:19:08.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is definitely not a gender-based thing. I've worked with male testers who were less structured and preferred exploratory testing and females who preferred to create a detailed test plan and work through it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What matters is that &lt;em&gt;enough&lt;/em&gt; information about the state of the application in test is communicated to the rest of the team so they can make an informed decision on whether the application is ready for release. How that information is collected doesn't matter provided it's accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are advantages and disadvantages to the two extremes you've outlined here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're going to &quot;look at an application, write a test plan and then work through it rigidly&quot; you run the risk of missing things that aren't considered in the test plan. There will always be things that aren't in the test plan because it's simply not possible for any non-trivial application (which is almost all of them) to be fully tested.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Advantages of this approach: you can be reasonably sure (within the bounds of human error) that if something is in the test plan, any regression from it will be caught. It is systematic, and it probably covers most if not all of the high priority situations that need to be checked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disadvantages: it is mind-numbingly tedious and will continue to get worse as more features are added to the application. It's also prone to error because of the boredom of doing the exact same thing again and again and again. As an approach, it's not really flexible enough to handle rapidly changing requirements, with the result that test plans tend to get more out of date over time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My preference: this is the kind of testing I'd look at automating ASAP. Doing this kind of regression manually is too error-prone and too boring. Most people will lose interest in the role if this is what they're being held to. Your tester who is doing this kind of testing is definitely on the right track in looking at a method of automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The less structured kind of testing works better for new feature development and the kind of &quot;soft&quot; information testers need to convey, such as look and feel, usability, and so forth. The biggest risk I've seen with less structured testing is the tendency for critical information to be stored entirely in one person's experience, which can be a major problem if that person moves elsewhere. It's easy to mistake exploratory testing for just randomly banging around an application if you don't understand where it's coming from.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Advantages of this approach: it is very effective when a skilled tester follows their intuition through a system or process to trace a potential problem. I've found it very useful for picking up potential usability issues, because I will always perform several sessions where I'm acting like as much like a user as I can. Things like broken keyboard shortcuts for power users, too many clicks to perform a simple action and the like may not seem serious, but to someone who is using your software all the time they can be the difference between keeping it or going with someone else. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disadvantages: it's very easy to neglect to document this kind of testing. Documentation doesn't have to be massive: I'll usually have bullet point lists of what combinations I worked with (because the application I test has more possible combinations than I could test in a lifetime). It doesn't look as &quot;organized&quot; to managers who don't understand that testing is at least half black art (good testers develop an instinct for what is likely to be a problem and will do that without thinking that they're doing anything unusual), and it can be problematic when there are regulatory documentation requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My preference: I keep a good screenshot tool in the background (I like Jing) and once I run into something odd, I'll start taking screenshots, see if I can duplicate it and start tracing more systematically to narrow down my reproduction steps before I create a new issue report. Annotated screenshots and short videos are invaluable tools for exploratory testers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither of my lists here is anything like exhaustive - there are many more advantages and disadvantages to each approach. If your two less structured testers are convinced the heavily structured approach won't work for them, listen to them but compromise on getting &lt;em&gt;enough&lt;/em&gt; information documented so others know what they've done (and they know when they have to come back six months later to check something). Get your structure-heavy tester to start automating and building a good regression test suite so the most tedious work is being done by computers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't like school where you get extra points for showing your work (at least, if you have decent management, it isn't). What matters is doing the job. If the exploratory testers are communicating accurate information about the application, it doesn't matter how they're getting the information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T18:19:08.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9090" CreationDate="2014-07-02T18:36:32.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It varies. I've been in situations where the QA database was owned and maintained entirely by the QA team. That database was typically kept as a backup in a network share, and restored into the test environment at need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my current situation, the data cleanup is handled differently. The database is too large to restore in a viable time frame and contains too much sensitive data. Instead, there are other reset mechanisms which I have no access to. My approach here is to keep the data I create as clean as I can, clean up anything I run into which is bad, malformed, or ugly, and make as much as I do reversible as I can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the QA database is small enough and it's feasible for the QA team to run their own server (it can be on a quarantined subnet with its own internal firewalls), let them. The reason they want the access is to make sure the data they're working with is kept in a state they can use - I think every long-time tester is familiar with the test that takes 2 hours to configure and 5 minutes to test (and has set up a dedicated data set so that they don't have to do this more than once). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility is to boost your database logging and give the qa team members the access they want on their accounts. If your main concern is knowing who ran which script at what time, this would give you that information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers do tend to fall foul of security processes fairly often - our major concerns with data are to keep it in a state that meets our needs, which includes a lot of backing up before doing a test with a chance of corrupting data, then restoring if we have to. (Not to mention automation that checks database tables against baselines and needs to be able to run nightly with a non-expiring password). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you work with them, chances are you'll find a method that suits both of you well enough to be used. You can always tweak once you start if your initial attempt is problematic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T18:36:32.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9090" CreationDate="2014-07-02T20:11:54.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know somewhat similar problem but from the QA perspective. Unfortunately our administrators weren't kind enough to even ask for possible solutions and we heard straight &quot;NO&quot;, so I can only give you idea how we've tried to solve it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best one we've got so far, is to take all necessary clean-up scripts and restrict access to them to just execution (with compiled executable, execute only files on remote computer, etc...). Then, one brave men gets full access rights to the database and mentioned scripts, being the one responsible for maintaining them. The rest of the crew is happily executing scripts when needed, using his stored credentials, while blaming the poor man if something goes wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8168" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T20:11:54.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9095" CreationDate="2014-07-02T22:38:21.137" Score="3" ViewCount="4533" Body="&lt;p&gt;My web system has roles which allows the users to access different resources depending on the role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are: should permissions be tested by automated integration tests? Are there best practices about it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8169" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T11:40:04.923" Title="Best practices on testing access permissions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9094" CreationDate="2014-07-02T23:34:01.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of ways to answer the first question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Should this specific feature be tested?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That depends on how important the feature is and whether it is possible that the feature was broken by a change since the last time the feature was tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Should the association between permissions and users be tested?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Should this specific role be tested?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Should permissions be tested by automated tests?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That depends on whether the permissions will already be tested by manual testing, and whether you think you will save time or reduce risk by automated those tests compared to testing manually.  Remember: it takes time to write automated tests, and you have to maintain them afterwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Should permissions be tested by automated integration tests?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming the answer to the previous question is Yes, you should decide whether you can test permissions adequately with automated unit tests, which may be easier to write and faster to run.  If you can't then you will want to write integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how to answer the best practices question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-07-02T23:34:01.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9096" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-03T01:06:53.973" Score="7" ViewCount="16771" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently work at an ad agency as a Manual QA. I originally came in to act on the business side but kind of 'fell in to' the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not have a programming background but I am very interested in automated QA. My questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.) Having no knowledge of programming languages, which is the strongest language for automated QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.) I have some understanding of Selenium but I'm not sure which suite to use. Should I be looking to use Web Driver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.) I understand the concept of creating scripts to perform tasks, but I've read re-creating my manual tests as scripts isn't the direction I should be headed. What types of tasks should I be looking at to automate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.) Are there additional tools outside of scripting that are used in the automated QA process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone has any other resources or information I can use to educate myself I would gladly appreciate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8172" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-20T11:34:39.063" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T15:57:22.917" Title="How can Manual QA's without a programming background learn Automated Testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2014-07-03T02:04:51.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would start learning Java. The reason for that is that most Selenium/Webdriver lessons and books are written with Java in mind. That said, there are some really good guides and tools for Selenium and Python(holmium.core is a really nice framework to build robust automation suites with Webdriver). I'm sure there are tools and guides for other langues as well, but to my knowledge Java is a first class citizen when it come to automation using Slenium/Webdriver &#xA;Besides the actual language you should familiarize yourself with unit testing frameworks such as JUnit as these are often used as test runners in UI automation suites as well. The other thing is to learn about the DOM and how to interact with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7951" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T02:04:51.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-03T02:23:36.320" Score="-1" ViewCount="20069" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to select an option from  list, but I won't use value for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;td colspan=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;admin.php?dpt=catalog&amp;amp;amp;sub=products_categories&amp;amp;amp;categoryID=0&quot; class=&quot;bold&quot;&amp;gt;Корень&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt; (385)&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;td valign=&quot;middle&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;input class=&quot;position_input&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;position[162]&quot; size=&quot;2&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;a href=&quot;admin.php?dpt=catalog&amp;amp;amp;sub=products_categories&amp;amp;amp;categoryID=162&quot; class=&quot;bold&quot;&amp;gt;VIP игрушки&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;(0)&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;font color=&quot;red&quot;&amp;gt;[&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;small&quot; href=&quot;javascript:open_window('category.php?c_id=162&amp;amp;w=0',500,700);&quot;&amp;gt;edit&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&quot;red&quot;&amp;gt;]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;td valign=&quot;middle&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;    &amp;lt;input class=&quot;position_input&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;position[174]&quot; size=&quot;2&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;a href=&quot;admin.php?dpt=catalog&amp;amp;amp;sub=products_categories&amp;amp;amp;categoryID=174&quot;&amp;gt;hh&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;(1)&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;font color=&quot;red&quot;&amp;gt;[&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;small&quot; href=&quot;javascript:open_window('category.php?c_id=174&amp;amp;w=162',500,700);&quot;&amp;gt;edit&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&quot;red&quot;&amp;gt;]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8173" LastEditorUserId="18750" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T13:36:23.173" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T13:36:23.173" Title="Robot framework. How to select option by text but value?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9098" CreationDate="2014-07-03T03:01:30.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please add your HTML code properly so we can look into this. Please go through the below links.                                                                                        &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Select%20From%20List%20By%20Value&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Select option&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium2Library&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastEditorUserId="8159" LastEditDate="2015-01-04T03:58:24.477" LastActivityDate="2015-01-04T03:58:24.477" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2014-07-03T06:49:49.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.) Having no knowledge of programming languages, which is the strongest language for automated QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general nobody can answer this question. It depends on what you want to auomate and what tool or framework you use for that. Like B. Berndsen says, if you want to use Selenium 2 / WebDriver to develop GUI tests, I also advise Java. But other languages are supported too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.) I have some understanding of Selenium but I'm not sure which suite to use. Should I be looking to use Web Driver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to create GUI tests for web applications Selenium 2 / WebDriver is the right choise. It is open source, has a detailed documentation and do not need much programming skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.) I understand the concept of creating scripts to perform tasks, but I've read re-creating my manual tests as scripts isn't the direction I&#xA;  should be headed. What types of tasks should I be looking at to&#xA;  automate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should automate manual tests. First of all automate the regression tests. You execute them over and over again. Automate them will useful in the long term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4.) Are there additional tools outside of scripting that are used in the automated QA process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For different types of testing exists different tools. Selenium 2 / WebDriver is for testing the GUI of web applications. For stress or performance tests exists JMeter. But this is just an example. Reflect what are the important things to test, find a tool and then try to automate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you decide to start with Selenium 2 / WebDriver pay attention to the basics of the programming language you choise. Not more! After that write some simple unit tests with a framework, like JUnit for Java. If you did that create your first tests with Selenium 2 / WebDriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some helpful links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/w/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/w/list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also trial Selenium IDE to understand what Selenium can. It is just a Firefox plugin and is easy to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-07-03T09:54:45.130" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T09:54:45.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2014-07-03T07:37:41.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found that Microsoft`s Visual studio really easy to get into its automation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Started with the simplest of them, Web Performance and Load tests. These are really easy to get your fingers arround and there are plenty resources/tutorials to help you on your journey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After I got comfy with these I went to CodedUI and by trial and error for a couple of months things started to pay off and I began, baby-steps, to get the hang of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, Selenium is another entry level tool for most people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T07:37:41.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9104" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9106" CreationDate="2014-07-03T07:42:47.080" Score="2" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I pretty sure that most of you guys have reached this at a given moment in time. That moment when your regression tests keep piling and also the amount of time it takes to go through them also increases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When to decide to descope some items?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that it mostly depends on what parts of the code have been touched, but for the sake of argument let`s assume that the feedback from the Devs is not really helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T08:23:17.767" Title="When to decide that certain features are to no longer be tested" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9104" CreationDate="2014-07-03T08:04:30.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally if a feature (or feature interaction) is no longer in use by end user, only those feature cases should be removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However we do not live in ideal world. We have timeline and resources constraints and as you have rightly pointed out, reducing regression time is seen as first level of action to mitigate it. If all other actions of reducing regression time (like optimizing execution, using additional resources when they are not in use ,say on weekends, or during night time) one should consider managing regression case count so that time required by  additional regression cases is compensated by reduction of not-so-useful cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guidelines for de-scoping should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The features which are stable, that is no bugs have been reported by regression tests or by  end user in last few iterations/releases. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not to de-scope all cases of the feature, have at least a case (which is most complex or covers maximum scenarios) in regression suite. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If bandwidth permits and nature of testing allows combine or merge those cases in single case to ensure feature coverage is still intact.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1498" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T08:04:30.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9104" CreationDate="2014-07-03T08:23:17.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In two words- Risk analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a few more words- risk is usually defined as the probability of something going wrong multiplied by the damage caused by this something actually going wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can use this definition to come up with more specific guidelines like- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this feature stable ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this feature dependent on other less-stable features ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What will happen if this feature fails in a subtle/medium/catastrophic manner ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T08:23:17.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9109" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9115" CreationDate="2014-07-03T09:10:53.587" Score="7" ViewCount="1977" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a project that involves 4 developers and three QAers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried to encourage the other devs to write tests for every new feature they have added, and we have built up a suite of around 50 Selenium UI tests. I don't doubt that this has improved the quality of the product but the developers have become slaves to getting the tests working and I don't think we know enough about Selenium yet to really use it efficiently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking that for the next project I will pass automation of tests and building an automated regression suite over to the QA people. One of them has had good success using the Selenium add-on for Firefox before so the skills and the will do exist. Is this the right decision to make?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8165" LastActivityDate="2014-07-06T16:31:29.373" Title="Suite of automated tests - owned by devs or testers?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9109" CreationDate="2014-07-03T09:33:42.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is the right decision to let the QA Engineers develop the test automation. Developers aren't testers and do not have the know-how to create good GUI test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can involve the developers in the development of test automation, if needed. They have useful knowledge about programming and can help you to setup the infrastructure of your test automation framework. If you have troubles or do not know how to develop something, ask them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T09:33:42.217" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7586" CreationDate="2014-07-03T10:02:46.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What can I see from your code is that at least you generate 600 native JVM thread to simulate 300 connections only which is a small number, I also doubt that the library you are using CUstomWebsocketClientWrapper creates extra threads per each connection which will end up with super inefficient tool to do the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the recipe here &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/websocket-testing-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blazemeter.com/blog/websocket-testing-apache-jmeter&lt;/a&gt; which is different from your experience since it depends on a different Websocket JMeter Sampler plugin. The problem as I mentioned earlier was that the plugin internally creates ~10 threads per user which is inefficient for me to simulate 60K from a single box&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm trying right now is using the &lt;strong&gt;thor&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.org/package/thor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.npmjs.org/package/thor&lt;/a&gt;, it seems very light weight I used it to simulate 10K concurrent connection so far.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8154" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T10:02:46.850" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9094" CreationDate="2014-07-03T11:40:04.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As user246 says, whether you automate your permissions tests depends on the application and whether it can be properly tested that way. &lt;em&gt;The question of what you test and how always depends on the application, its user base, and how critical each feature is to that user base&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There are no best practices&lt;/strong&gt;. This is something that a lot of people find difficult to believe or accept. The &lt;em&gt;reason&lt;/em&gt;  there are no best practices is very simple: every application is different. The best way to test a given application may be completely different than the best way to test another application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within the context of permissions testing, here are a few examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the software gives users with admin permissions the ability to modify other people's financial information, there are legal and regulatory requirements for access and logging of their use of the information. That makes it essential that this type of software be thoroughly tested and have the testing documented. I would definitely automate permissions testing in this case and include checking that everything which should  be logged is logged.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the software allows logged in users to store non-identifying data like site preferences, testing can be limited to verifying that the storage occurs and that each user gets the correct preferences applied. This may or may not be automated depending on how often you need to test it (probably not very, since this kind of thing tends to be a set-and-forget operation so only needs to be tested when changes are made to that module).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the software requires logged in users to run and maintains multiple levels of permissions, automation may or may not be the best choice depending on how often changes are made to which level of access can access what items. With software like this, I'll typically manually test new permissions which are unlikely to get much use, and automate permissions that are critical (such as in retail point of sale software making sure that a user with sales clerk level permissions can make sales).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For just those three examples, the &quot;best practice&quot; for user permissions is completely different for each one, and could be different for different applications within each  grouping. It's always a judgment call - I will make that judgment based on factors like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if I have to test something often enough that it gets boring, I will consider automating it. Whether I actually automate it or not depends on how often I have to test it and how much work I would have to do to automate it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if I have to test something for every release, I will automate it unless it's something where automation would be either impossible or too fragile to be worthwhile&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;device interaction is rarely if ever worth automating. Yes, it's possible to simulate device input, but it's usually too fragile and/or doesn't provide the test you need (an example of this is PIN pad entry)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interaction with third party software is rarely worth automating. There are too many external factors involved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;anything involving printouts, look and feel, and appearance is better done manually. Automation is too time-consuming and fragile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if it's something that's typically done once and forgotten, why am I testing it every release? If I automate this, it's automated for my convenience, such as a lengthy setup sequence that I use to build testing data and run when I need it rather than all the time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if it's something that's critical to the application user base, and the user base is critical to my employer's finances, I will automate as much as I can, following the 80/20 rule of aiming for the 20% of the application getting 80% of the use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Broad heuristics like this make a better guide to what you should be doing than best practices, because they're intended to work within a context, where a best practice typically is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T11:40:04.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9109" CreationDate="2014-07-03T11:40:20.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why either/or? Work as a team with testers providing test ideas and expertise that the devs can code up. I would also shy away from an emphasis on GUI automation and get the devs working at a unit/system level unless they are doing this already&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T11:40:20.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2014-07-03T11:55:55.587" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to disagree with Twaldigas on point three:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;3.) I understand the concept of creating scripts to perform tasks, but I've read re-creating my manual tests as scripts isn't the direction I&#xA;  should be headed. What types of tasks should I be looking at to&#xA;  automate?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You should automate manual tests. First of all automate the regression&#xA;  tests. You execute them over and over again. Automate them will useful&#xA;  in the long term&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on your manual tests - often manual tests are not good matches for automation and a manual process will not necessarily translate well to automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way I handle automation is to look not at the manual test itself but at the &lt;em&gt;goal&lt;/em&gt; of the manual test. The goal is what I may want to automate, not necessarily the steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if my manual test involves checking a printout to ensure that the correct data is displayed and the layout is good, I'm not going to automate the layout check because that can really only be accomplished through automation by an image comparison and those, even with fuzzing, are far too likely to report problems that don't exist. Instead of printing, I'll print to file in a format I can work with, and run a text compare against a baseline. This isn't something I'd do manually, but it works very well as an automated test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply put, computers are very good at doing a lot of data checks very quickly. Automation should focus on that. Humans are very good at pattern-matching and deciding whether a particular process is a pain to work with or not. Manual testing should focus on that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've worked solely as a manual tester, there's a good chance your tests are a mix of both types, along with a mixture of priorities and levels of value (humans are versatile. Computers, not so much). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For resources, I'm going to give you my standard list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Joe Strazzere's site, &lt;a href=&quot;http://allthingsquality.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;All Things Quality&lt;/a&gt;. He covers a lot of questions relating to automation as well as general testing matters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Ministry of Testing&lt;/a&gt;. They have a massive resource list as well as a phenomenal listing of testing blogs and multiple other goodies. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T11:55:55.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9109" CreationDate="2014-07-03T12:07:03.730" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extending and maintaining automated tests costs time, but if your team are slaves to updating tests you are doing it wrong. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the biggest reasons to create automated test coverage is to create a fast feedback cycle loop.&#xA;Letting the test-team fix the tests afterwards slows down this process and will always lag behind.&#xA;There is a high risk the tests will always be an after thought and are untrusted by the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest using a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BDD&lt;/a&gt; framework. My previous team combined &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gfk-ba/senbot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber and Selenium into a testing framework.&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;When a developers checks in new code the current tests should not break. Also you want new coverage for new features.&#xA;Schedule the tests in a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; cycle to make sure the tests do not break.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers write test-cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers automate them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of-course testers can also automate them and developers can extend tests with more corners cases, but keep in mind that you need good developers to create a maintainable testing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use best of both worlds and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/pair_programming.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pair program&lt;/a&gt; (1 dev + 1 qa) on implementing the more complex test-cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-06T16:31:29.373" LastActivityDate="2014-07-06T16:31:29.373" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9109" CreationDate="2014-07-03T12:15:39.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's how I would approach this kind of situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit tests&lt;/strong&gt; - Evangelize the living daylights out of unit testing. Any kind of business logic automation should be handled by unit tests, as should any other automated tests whose goal is to check the functionality of a single unit of code. This is developer-level code, but tester guidance is essential if you want your unit tests to be useful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;API/Integration tests&lt;/strong&gt; - These work more or less the same way as unit tests from the developer perspective, but they test slightly bigger chunks of code. Again, coded by your developers with tester input on what makes a good test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Headless&quot; end-to-end tests&lt;/strong&gt; - These are lighter-weight than full-GUI tests, but will not find problems with components and validation code. They're also not possible in all circumstances. They're somewhere between API-level and full GUI-level automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;End-to-end tests&lt;/strong&gt; - These are usually your GUI-level automation tests. They can be coded by developers with tester input, or coded by testers with developer input. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a general rule you want most of your automation to be at the unit test level because it's the fastest, lightest-weight level to work with and it's relatively trivial to set up most build environments to run unit tests on every compile/build. Thousands of unit tests can be run in the time it takes to complete a single GUI-level test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next biggest number of tests should be the API/Integration level tests. They're slower than unit tests, but may still be able to run with every build. Depending on how they're designed, they may or may not require the executable to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;End to end tests in any form should be the smallest grouping for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they're orders of magnitude slower than unit-level and API-level tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they're more likely to report false positives than lower-level tests (as a rule, the more pieces you have to link together in automation, the more likely you are to get a failure that isn't caused by a bug)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they're more difficult to maintain than unit-level and API level tests (because they're dealing with more complexity).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your developers and testers are working together on the software - why wouldn't they work together on the automated testing? Who does what is a matter of who is best suited to which task, but the goal is still the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T12:15:39.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9109" CreationDate="2014-07-03T13:24:06.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what sort of resources you can afford.  Test Automation, done well, is not a part time effort.  If you can't afford to have a Toolsmith on your team to work on the Automation Framework you will need help, or expect it to take a long time, or expect it to take effort to keep it going as it gets reprioritized.  While most Testers do not spend a lot of time coding and learning to code, many do and they can help provide the assistance, and boost, your team may need.  I'm no Developer but I do know HOW to make a Test Framework and get it working, with input from Developers as needed.  After all many Developers did not know how to code at some point, they needed to learn how to do it as well.  It's also a skill that many Testers need to work on, as the thought process is different but you can usually make a very effective Framework utilizing Coding Skills and Practices with Testing Skills and Practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a Framework that does what YOU want, QA needs to own it.  QA needs to run it, and QA needs to direct it.  You should get buy in from your Developers as well, some Code Review (this is code after all) will be good now and again not just on the Test but on the Framework as well.  Make it robust, and most of all make it useful.  Other teams should be able to run it, even Developers should have a way to do some localized Smoke Testing in their environments to get their buy-in, and show the usefulness of the Framework for them - get them catching issues early on.  The last Framework I used (a BDD Web Driver that used SpecFlow) was able to be used by QA, DEV and the BA's - I just had to show them how to run it.  I am not a Developer but I do a lot of automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's good you have the Developers working on Unit Tests, and in the Framework, but remember their goal is to Develop a solution to a problem and your role is to show that their solution solves the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the browser add-ons are useful, look at something like WebDriver for Selenium and another tool like Cucumber or SpecFlow.  Build a framework that will allow you to run a suite of tests, or a select few, so you can cover Regression, Functional and other tests as needed.  You also want reports coming from your tests, you should be able to see the historical Pass/Fails for Tests so you know if they are valid, failing only at specific times or show that your pass rate is getting better - management will like that!  Any tool takes time to learn, you just need to dedicate that time to your team and give them the resources to improve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T13:24:06.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9057" CreationDate="2014-07-03T14:28:05.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alright, I feel dumb. Apparently I was wrong about the user and pass working. That was also sending EOF, but that part wasn't failing. I found the answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14938950/how-to-send-json-data-from-csv-file-in-post-method&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to be very helpful. I believe I had the thread sharing set wrong. It seems to be working now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8145" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T14:28:05.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9120" CreationDate="2014-07-03T16:25:49.857" Score="10" ViewCount="32398" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having a difficult time pinning down an official description of what a test suite is compared to a test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Test Computer Software they don't even mention suites. (I assume because the book is rather dated)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSJJ9R_6.0.2/com.ibm.rational.test.qm.doc/topics/c_testcase_overview.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;IBM&lt;/a&gt; they state that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If each test case represents a piece of a scenario, such as the elements that simulate       a user completing a transaction, use a test suite. For instance a test suite might contain four test cases, each with a separate test script:&#xA;Test case 1: Login, Test case 2: Add New Products, Test case 3: Checkout, Test case 4: Logout&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test suites can identify gaps in a testing effort where the successful completion of one test case must occur before beginning the next test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which makes it sound like they are classifying a test suite as something to be run in succession.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_suite&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software development, a test suite, less commonly known as a validation suite, is a collection of test cases that are intended to be used to test a software program to show that it has some specified set of behaviours. A test suite often contains detailed instructions or goals for each collection of test cases and information on the system configuration to be used during testing. A group of test cases may also contain prerequisite states or steps, and descriptions of the following tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Collections of test cases are sometimes incorrectly termed a test plan, a test script, or even a test scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also found &lt;a href=&quot;https://jazz.net/forum/questions/94550/test-plan-vs-test-suite-vs-test-case/102427&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; explanation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fundamentally Test Plan is a logical collection of Test Cases. Lets say you have some test cases that test the Authentication functionality of a website, then you can group all those Test Cases under an Authentication_Test_Plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Suite on the other hand is an execution unit such as Functional Test, User Acceptance Testing (UAT), Integration Test or Regression Test. These Test Suite can have any combination of Test Cases which are required for the corresponding Testing phase. So 2 Test Suites can actually have the same or widely different Test Cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could continue to give more examples of dissenting opinions, but this has already gone pretty long. I am starting to get concerned that there isn't an actual definition, and everybody just makes up their own definition to fit their preconceived notions. If that is the case I'll just move on, but I'm hoping that isn't the case, and we can pin down what they actually are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7769" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T05:30:42.500" Title="Test Suite vs. Test Plan" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9119" CreationDate="2014-07-03T17:12:51.503" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;The traditional definitions would be something like this:&#xA;A test suite is a collection of test cases related to the same test work. You might have a suite for regression, one for build verification tests, a suite that is specific for a component, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test plan is generally a document which describes testing approach and methodologies being used for testing the project, risks, scope of testing, specific tools, and so on.  It does not usually include specific test case information, as it is higher level than that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7037" LastActivityDate="2014-07-03T17:12:51.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9121" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-04T00:55:50.543" Score="0" ViewCount="182" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a postgraduate student and want to become a software tester after graduation. I have no work experience, but when I read some stuff about the traits a software tester should have I can relate to most of them. But I am wondering like what technical skills I should have to start a career in s/w testing, something that adds value to my CV. Could you please give me some tips for starters (or anything you feel that will be helpful). Looking forward for your comments. Thank you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8185" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T16:43:33.340" Title="Tips for wanna be testers?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-07-10T14:37:05.450" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9121" CreationDate="2014-07-04T07:37:08.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though most companies will look after people with experience in the field, you don`t need to worry yourself about that because there are a lot of entry-level available as well.&#xA;My advice would be to not limit yourself to what books say, this thing mostly revolves around poking a bee hive with either a stick, or a flamethrower, depending on the needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, being a tester won&lt;code&gt;t always imply testing stuff, most of the time you&lt;/code&gt;ll probably end up dealing with tons of documentation that you have to get familiar with so that you can start building your test framework accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good part is that it can be very rewarding at times. For example you&lt;code&gt;ll start a new project that might scare you with the fact that you won&lt;/code&gt;t know little or nothing about the tools/environment etc, but once you get past that and look back, you`ll be amazed by what you accomplished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, sorry about the mini blog post but I could go on for pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have any questions I`d be more than happy to help you along.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Andrei&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2014-07-04T07:37:08.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-04T09:42:52.193" Score="0" ViewCount="475" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of the examples for unit testing that I see involve testing that numbers add up. For example, Derek Greer demonstrates unit testing a calculator app, making sure that the equals function does what it is supposed to do (&lt;a href=&quot;http://lostechies.com/derekgreer/2011/03/14/effective-tests-a-unit-test-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lostechies.com/derekgreer/2011/03/14/effective-tests-a-unit-test-example/&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see how you could write a series of unit tests for something that needs to perform accurate calculations. But the application I am working on at the moment is an intranet / content management system and doesn't perform any calculations. The vast majority of transactions involve the user sending a request to the API, which hits the database and returns JSON.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not really sure where to start unit testing an app like this. Take the search process. Which bits of the API for searching should I write unit tests for? I've read about mocking and stubs to replace database calls (which confuse me), but I've never really understood why I shouldn't test responses from the database. Why is this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8165" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T08:53:24.590" Title="How should I be unit testing the search process of a web app" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9121" CreationDate="2014-07-05T19:39:48.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step 1. Dont Worry. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step 2. Get Educated on testing: tester tested on&#xA;blogspot James Bach Manual testing basics &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step 3. Skill up yourself&#xA;to Automation --JAVA VBSCRIPT SELENIUM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All the Best :)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8194" LastActivityDate="2014-07-05T19:39:48.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2014-07-05T19:44:23.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Skill up to JAVA - Head first java is an excellent option&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move onto Selenium Webdriver &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some resources to help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;jroller.com/selenium/#tutorial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;university.utest.com/selenium-basics-part-1-how-to-set-up-selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;qaselenium.blogspot.in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;software-testing-tutorials-automation.blogspot.in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;selenium143.blogspot.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8194" LastActivityDate="2014-07-05T19:44:23.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9119" CreationDate="2014-07-06T16:20:08.747" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we refer to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/20/137.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB glossary of terms&lt;/a&gt; then&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;test suite&lt;/strong&gt;: A set of several test cases for a component or system under test, where the post condition of one test is often used as the precondition for the next one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;test plan&lt;/strong&gt;: A document describing the scope, approach, resources and schedule of intended test activities. It identifies amongst others test items, the features to be tested, the testing tasks, who will do each task, degree of tester independence, the test environment, the test design techniques and entry and exit criteria to be used, and the rationale for their choice, and any risks requiring contingency planning. It is a record of the test planning process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-07-06T16:20:08.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9121" CreationDate="2014-07-07T01:02:33.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to some of the previous suggestions, I have found a couple of specific languages/products particularly useful, especially as you may progress into test automation.  One is Python - it is a fantastic language to work with, particularly if you do not have a lot of programming experience in your background, and lends itself very well to automated testing - www.python.org.  Another is AutoIt, which is a great tool for automating GUI interactions with a VB-like scripting backend - www.autoitscript.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also found some of the work of Cem Kaner to be particularly insightful in the software testing field.  A great book for someone just getting into the field is &quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&quot; by Kaner, Bach and Pettichord.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T01:02:33.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3064" CreationDate="2014-07-07T08:37:23.250" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This post could help you out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/selenium-2-0-webdriver-how-to-configure-selenium-webdriver-in&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/profiles/blogs/selenium-2-0-webdriver-how-to-configure-selenium-webdriver-in&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8200" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T08:37:23.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-07T08:55:18.060" Score="0" ViewCount="595" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been tasked with arranging performance tests for a Web application to measure response time and memory consumption in different load scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, our current test environment is shared across many test teams. This is acceptable for functional tests but I guess for performance tests I may get results that will be false. E.g., spikes in response time caused by other people interfering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating a separate end-to-end test environment seems an expensive option now for many reasons, so I wonder whether such environment can give any, even rough picture of environment performance? What kind of tests or performance measure could be investigated with environment that is not isolated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T09:43:50.323" Title="Should environment for performance tests be isolated?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9131" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9184" CreationDate="2014-07-07T09:35:01.593" Score="1" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have recently encountered a bug that we are able to reproduce manually in Internet Explorer, without any significant effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same bug we have tried to reproduce also automatically, with WebDriver on Internet Explorer 8. However, even after looping the test and repeating it 100 times does not reproduce the bug, the test goes green.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder what caused such a difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;timing of GUI events in automated tests is different than in our manual tests (to fast, to slow, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver is operating on a different level of a browser API and than a user, making WebDriver less credible in simulating user behavior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-07-07T09:49:55.113" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T21:06:07.737" Title="How credible are WebDriver tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9132" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9468" CreationDate="2014-07-07T09:52:50.153" Score="1" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I have started to create a prototype automated test for a .net based desktop application. Our team uses at-least two third party components which I cannot reach with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms747327(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MS UIAutomation framework&lt;/a&gt;. The tree just ends with the pane which implements the third party components and elements within seem to be unreachable for the automation framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kkloo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the screen-shot you see the VisualUIAVerifyNative.exe tool (which is included in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/bg162891.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windows SDK 8.1&lt;/a&gt;) has the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lassalle.com/products.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lassale AddFlow&lt;/a&gt; component selected in our application. The object tree just ends and the box element named &quot;Initial&quot; is not available to interact with. (Having used Selenium in the past it feels weird you cannot access all the elements)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current fall-back is image based testing (finding a partial image within the current view), find the elements coordinates and use the mouse to select it and the keyboard to interact with it. This works, but this feels like a hackish workaround and very time consuming if the style of the application changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expect I am not the first who is running into issues with creating automated tests with MS UIAutomation and third party components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best practice in a situation like this, is it possible to find the elements in another way? (Or are there other better frameworks for this?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T07:37:26.157" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T07:37:26.157" Title=".Net GUI testing of third party components" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;.net&gt;&lt;image-based-testing&gt;&lt;ms-uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9130" CreationDate="2014-07-07T11:37:51.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If others are using the system at the same time, you may want to run multiple performance tests are different times of day to average out the spikes you mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your performance test may interfere with functional testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most applications have configuration settings.  You probably want to know what performance-sensitive settings are in effect during your performance test, which means you  do not want the functional tests to change those settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-07-07T15:13:26.697" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T15:13:26.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9135" CreationDate="2014-07-07T12:35:57.963" Score="2" ViewCount="14576" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have defined an object of Web driver in one class as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and want to use that instance in another class to automate the browser. Is it possible? Or will I have to define drivers every time in each class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried by defining a webdriver in another class as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Static webDriver AnotherDriver; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then assigning it the value of other driver as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;AnotherDriver = ClassName.driver;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am getting nullPointer Exception when I using AnotherDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if I have to define a new driver in each class then I will get stuck, as I have defined some methods which I will be using in other class file and all of them use the driver defined in that class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any kind of suggestion is highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-09-23T15:15:18.203" LastActivityDate="2019-11-28T08:44:20.520" Title="Using multiple instances of webDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9134" CreationDate="2014-07-07T12:54:02.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a class, for example &lt;code&gt;Hull&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the class is a &lt;code&gt;protected&lt;/code&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the class is a method &lt;code&gt;setup()&lt;/code&gt; with a &lt;code&gt;@Before&lt;/code&gt; annotation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the method you has a condition: Is &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt;, initialize; else do nothing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Classes with test cases extends from &lt;code&gt;Hull&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Classes with test cases can use the variable &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a class, for example &lt;code&gt;Hull&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the class is a &lt;code&gt;private&lt;/code&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the class is a method &lt;code&gt;getDriver()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the method you has a condition: Is &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt;, initialize; else do nothing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Classes with test cases extends from &lt;code&gt;Hull&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Classes with test cases can use the &lt;code&gt;getDriver()&lt;/code&gt; method to use the &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Tip&lt;/strong&gt;: Use always this method if you interact with the &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;, because so you are save that the &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; will be initialized.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2019-11-28T08:44:20.520" LastActivityDate="2019-11-28T08:44:20.520" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9130" CreationDate="2014-07-07T13:57:11.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Taking user246 answer one step forward- it is usually best to run performance tests multiple times and average the results, taking a look at the standard deviation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of us test complex systems where performance is not 100% repeatable and is affected by many semi-random variables and processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick part is deciding on the magic number of how many repetitions and the duration of each test. This should be decided using statistical methods, and sometimes should be left  dynamic and calculated on the fly- you run tests and wait until it has converged enough for your needs (look for Statistical significance in wikipedia).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-07-07T13:57:11.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9007" CreationDate="2014-07-08T04:54:25.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your responses finally I solved it cutting out some plugins and blocked some third party ads before starting the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution 1:&#xA;There are some plugins like flash player which may hangs the browser inconsistently waiting for some resource during test run, try disabling such plugins while starting the test using the chrome switches.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution 2:&#xA;The browser might hang waiting for some third party ads.&#xA;Try disabling ads using some ad blocker extension or block the url pattern using the custom proxy configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For inconsistent browser hangs, Try to find which process hangs the browser.&#xA;1.Unlike firefox chrome creates separate process for browser, tab, extension and plugins.&#xA;2.When the browser hangs check is there any new process(shift+Esc) like Web Worker:blob appended with an  third party url, then follow #2&#xA;3.or else if there  are more separate process opened for plugins try #1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T04:54:25.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9130" CreationDate="2014-07-08T09:43:50.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally, you will need to have an isolated test environment for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;limit the performance related variables to minimum e.g., network latency, IO&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This allows you to identify the bottleneck easily. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;as mentioned by Rsf, you can repeat the run and averaging how the value. The cost of analysing the data might be more expensive than the setup cost itself. Another thing you have to consider before averaging the data is to run them in different time e.g., 1-2 hours apart to sample the data in slightly different settings. Running same test back to back might not be ideal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for debugging purposes. &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you need the developer to look at the problem and change the product's code, you cannot use something that is shared among all the testers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a list of things you can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run the tests in quiet time (when all the functional testers are not using it). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;engineer performance counters or logs which you can inspect the server's response and request in more granular level e.g., how long it takes to process data/file and before sending data out etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T09:43:50.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8326" CreationDate="2014-07-08T10:33:48.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@oldbam: I have no idea about your loadbalancer configuration. Does it do persistence session (sticky loadbalancer) or just round-robin ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does your web application shares the user's sessions ? In high availability manner ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these questions will determine the type of performance test configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web application (high availability)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this means the web server in each node will able to replicate the users' sessions among themselves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;most likely the loadbalancer will be persistence to limit session swapping from one node to the other.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you are testing failover, then please use the loadbalancer. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you are testing the session replication between nodes, then direct all the traffics to one node and observe the session from the other.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web application (non HA):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loadbalancer might be round robin but most likely will be sticky as well to limit the invalid session cookies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you can doing capacity planning i.e., how much extra requests can be handled with one extra node and when the performance is degraded when there are too many nodes in the cluster, then use the loadbalancer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you just doing simple stress test on the web application, a single node or multiple nodes via host file is alright. You don't need a loadbalancer to do that.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T10:33:48.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9148" CreationDate="2014-07-08T14:06:36.720" Score="1" ViewCount="1978" Body="&lt;p&gt;Historically at our company we have taken screenshots of every step in a test script, even if no bug has been found. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are now moving from a waterfall method to iterative development cycles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over the last 6 months, we have been trialing using rapid test design using mindmaps and not taking screenshots, and instead stating that the test cases in the mindmaps and the management spreadsheets are evidence that the test has been thought of and executed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's our belief that taking screenshots does not prove anything and actually wastes valuable testing time. However, there is some resistance with people believing the mind map or similar processes do not give them sufficient evidence if questioned at a later date about that test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be interesting in getting advice or others' experiences specifically relating to the following questions. Either way, we do not plan on purchasing recording tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you take screenshots to prove a script has been executed or just when a bug is found?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have you found not taking screenshots to evidence a test, has caused any confrontation or issues?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have your found any disadvantages using rapid test case design and mindmaps for test analysis?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please can you state whether you work for a transnational, national, regional, or startup company. We are small, national company and would like to hear from everyone, but need take a balanced view as to what we can achieve and not achieve.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2913" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-11-19T20:59:53.073" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T20:59:53.073" Title="Evidencing Testing" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-08T16:07:44.050" Score="0" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are looking to build up a QA and Testing team within our Product Development. We started out by looking for a person with experience both hands-on and as a manager and for a product similar to ours. After a first unsuccessful hiring round we have now focused the search in two areas where we need most support and are looking for two different profiles: a selenium expert and a java test automation engineer. Still we are having very little luck in the job search. Do you know any specific job boards or places where we can find talented testing and QA candidates?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8218" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T15:47:00.513" Title="Where should I look to find Testing and QA talents?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9146" CreationDate="2014-07-08T16:39:54.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I help run and moderate the site...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Testing Club has a jobs board - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/jobs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T16:39:54.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9144" CreationDate="2014-07-08T16:46:33.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anecdote: I worked on one project for a national company. Testing was being done and overseen by one of the Big Name consultancies. Their testers were told to take screenshots for every test step. They abandoned this practice as (1) it was taking too much time and test progress was too slow and (2) I was fnding 90%of the defects on the project by doing exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T16:46:33.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9149" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-08T17:07:44.587" Score="1" ViewCount="1413" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Dropdown currencies are listed as($,€,₤). Based on the selected currency, prices will display in other page like ($10,€10,₤10). Using the below code, I got the selected value from the dropdown.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebElement select=driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;selected&quot;));&#xA;    select.getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Currency Selected:&quot; +select.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When I print the value its coming as ? instead of $. How to print the currency value. And check whether the $ currency is displaying in other page.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T02:44:50.010" Title="how to print currency symbols using webdriver with testng" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9144" CreationDate="2014-07-08T20:49:13.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We record a video of our test after design of what a &quot;good&quot; test case pass looks like and put it in shared storage. After that videos are only kept on fail. This way we can always go back and look at what the original good run looks like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8069" LastActivityDate="2014-07-08T20:49:13.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9149" CreationDate="2014-07-09T00:17:22.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of simple &lt;code&gt;System.out.println&lt;/code&gt; (last line in your example)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;try out the following:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PrintStream out = new PrintStream(System.out, true, &quot;UTF-8&quot;);&#xA;out.println(&quot;Currency Selected:&quot; +select.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T00:17:22.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9123" CreationDate="2014-07-09T03:30:52.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit testing aims to test a single piece of code, which usually provides a single function. Database querying belongs to an API in your case and it is transparent to your app, so you cannot test a database with unit testing in your app. Let's say you would like to sort json results from API search. To test the sorting method you can have,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public SearchResult sortSearchResult(ApiInterface api, Stirng keyword) {&#xA;    String result = api.search(keyword);&#xA;    // return &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can provide a stub during unit testing with implementation on method search,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ApiStub implements ApiInterface {&#xA;    @override&#xA;    public String search(String query) {&#xA;        if (query.equals('order1')) {&#xA;            // return result in arbitrary orders&#xA;        }&#xA;        if (query.equals('malformed')) {&#xA;            // return malformed json &#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // return empty result&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in unit testing you can use the following formula to see what happens when the API returns different results,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertEquals(/* expected result */, sortSearchResult(apiStub, /* test queries*/));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason of not testing the database results in unit testing is because it increases the size of the test (&lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.hk/2010/12/test-sizes.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Test Sizes&lt;/a&gt;). Large test size falls into other test categories such as end-to-end test and integration test, which introduces other non-deterministic factors and runs slow. In this question you asks about unit testing so we better stay away from other tests first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-07-10T08:53:24.590" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T08:53:24.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9154" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9162" CreationDate="2014-07-09T07:59:54.857" Score="1" ViewCount="1485" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have developed an in-house Scheduler which is based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate-monotonic_scheduling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rate-monotonic scheduling&lt;/a&gt;. We have 6 tasks (5 actual tasks and 1 idle task). Our scheduler works on 1msec timer interrupt. Before sending it out in real world, We want to test it thoroughly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the best and/or commonly used strategies for testing a Scheduler?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing we performed was added functions which require very high processing time in each tasks and checked whether scheduler still switches on given deadline or not. But I feel this is not enough to gain the confidence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8222" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-09T16:13:19.347" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T18:02:21.157" Title="Testing strategies for testing a Scheduler" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;scheduling&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9155" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-09T08:43:37.073" Score="7" ViewCount="9310" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know any framework that is compatible/integrated with &lt;strong&gt;Unity3D&lt;/strong&gt;? I'm interested in &lt;strong&gt;Unit&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Integrated&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;UI&lt;/strong&gt; testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8152" LastActivityDate="2019-02-18T09:10:35.973" Title="Is there any framework for UI automation testing for Unity3D?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9155" CreationDate="2014-07-09T10:29:13.677" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I have never used them, it seems &lt;a href=&quot;http://unity3d.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Unity&lt;/a&gt; released their own set of testing tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See their introduction blogpost &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.unity3d.com/2013/12/18/unity-test-tools-released/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See their examples &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.unity3d.com/2014/05/21/unit-testing-part-1-unit-tests-by-the-book/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get it from the Asset &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.assetstore.unity3d.com/en/#!/content/13802&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Store here&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Contains both Unit and Integration tests, for the UI tests, I think you need to use an image-based-testing tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T11:29:38.147" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T11:29:38.147" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9144" CreationDate="2014-07-09T15:46:25.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To document testing scenarios, we use a wiki with text-based steps. Our wiki (FOSWiki) has version control, so you can even see how steps changed over time (and who made changes). Way better than docs on shared drive - hyperlinks make navigation a breeze. And FOSWiki allows to attach images to pages. Linking to other wiki pages with related/similar scenarios and/or bug to bugzilla is trivial. We also use (highly customized) bugzilla (which also allows attaching images) but we use it only if it helps to clear something - in 95% cases, text is enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are international company with agile process and high-availability environment (100% Python) and have web-based app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Id we started from scratch, we would go with TRAC, which integrates webSVN, wiki, bug database and has markup in code to create hyperlinks to wiki and bug database when code changes are viewed in browser via webSVN. It is pretty slick, free/open source, but alas we are too deep in our bugzilla and wiki. But we lustily look at TRAC integration and considering converting anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://trac.edgewall.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://trac.edgewall.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T15:46:25.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9123" CreationDate="2014-07-09T16:18:21.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to have known database, so results are what your test expect. if someone is changing the database, results might not match what your test expect, and tests will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way is to use mocks and stubs. Another way is to use database with known data which change in controlled manner (and you will have to fix your test if they will break as a results of changes in database). Known data might be as simple as one/few user account(s) for automated testing, and manual testing with unexpected (for your tests) changes will be walled off. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T16:18:21.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9121" CreationDate="2014-07-09T16:43:33.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For software tester, I assume you aim not at career in manual testing, but in testing automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is special kind of programming, where you automate interaction with (in most cases) web-based application, making sure that results are as expected - that's why gurus like Cem Kaner prefer to use &quot;automated checking&quot; for this activity - it is done by computer. What manual testers do, Cem prefers to call &quot;sapient testing&quot;. You need to understand the problem area, to be able to see that results on screen are not what they should be if application worked correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both testers are important, and you cannot automate process if you cannot perform it manually. You automate subset of activities which make economic sense (because automating consumes resources first, then later saving them if you perform same test repeatedly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For test automation, you need to learn programming language (to write tests in). Python is excellent choice. Especially as beginner programmer, you will be substantially more productive in Python than in say Java. There are free Python courses all over internet. And later, when you know python: tool to allow Python program to pretend it is a user of tested website is Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T16:43:33.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2014-07-09T17:22:50.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;OP: Try Python for afternoon, and you will see how much more productive you will be in Python than in Java. &lt;strong&gt;Especially&lt;/strong&gt; if you don't have comp science education.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java is popular because it is &quot;standard&quot; - it does not mean it is a good fit for programmer, especially for beginner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.) Having no knowledge of programming languages, which is the strongest language for automated QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mix two different problems: how to learn programming, and how to automate QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Python is widely considered as the best language for beginners&lt;/strong&gt; or for experts in something else, who just need a language to write simple scripts to do some data manipulation. Only later, when you are concerned about performance issues, or being compatible with other systems, you should start thinking about which exactly language you should use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java is widespread and popular, but it does not mean it is optimal for QA. Also, programmers who did not learned Java as first and only language, routinely learn other languages as needed. Or as option, you may find position where Python for QA is OK - QA test might (and sometimes are) written in different language than main application. Main app might require specific language for performance or compatibility. Tests only require web automation, which means Selenium. Using different languages is debated often, ie: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9060/selenium-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-using-python-vs-c/9067#9067&quot;&gt;Selenium - advantages and disadvantages of using Python vs C#&lt;/a&gt; Python is &lt;strong&gt;very strong&lt;/strong&gt; for QA testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is funny how such simple question (language selection) will evoke strong emotions. One reason is that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/avg.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;language you use shapes the way you think (and program)&lt;/a&gt;, and this is also reason why this answer will be downvoted by people who want to protect they way of thinking/programming as limited to Java. Happens on forums all the time. See also &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_relativity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Linguistic relativity&lt;/a&gt; - how language influences cognitive process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.) I have some understanding of Selenium but I'm not sure which suite to use. Should I be looking to use Web Driver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, but it will be few months later, when you will be competent programmer in language of your choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.) I understand the concept of creating scripts to perform tasks,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scripts &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; programs. Just people who are used to &quot;bondage and discipline&quot; languages like Java, consider programming in languages which do not require such rigorous discipline (Python, perl, shell etc) something less than real programming, and call it &quot;scripts&quot;. It makes no sense, test scripts are just programs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You automate task which are most effective (best bang for the time spend writing them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T19:10:57.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9154" CreationDate="2014-07-09T18:02:21.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's some ideas from similar tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Randomize, you are not smarter then the designer so don't try to find the hole in the design- randomize your tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vary load conditions from light to 100%+ on each task and on all of them together&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Look for producer-consumer situations that can hang tasks&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Look for accesses to peripherals and IO&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottom line is that you can't test your scheduler directly (at least no cost-effectively) so you have to exercise it from the outside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T18:02:21.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1833" CreationDate="2014-07-09T21:11:41.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Add screenshot code as your final test step&#xA;&#xA;ScreenCapture sc = new ScreenCapture();&#xA;// capture entire screen, and save it to a file&#xA;Image img = sc.CaptureScreen();&#xA;// display image in a Picture control named imageDisplay&#xA;this.imageDisplay.Image = img;&#xA;// capture this window, and save it&#xA;sc.CaptureWindowToFile(this.Handle,&quot;C:\\temp2.gif&quot;,ImageFormat.Gif);&#xA;&#xA;//Or for capturing the current window use&#xA;&#xA; Rectangle bounds = this.Bounds;&#xA; using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height))&#xA; {&#xA;    using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))&#xA;    {&#xA;        g.CopyFromScreen(new Point(bounds.Left,bounds.Top), Point.Empty, bounds.Size);&#xA;    }&#xA;    bitmap.Save(&quot;C://test.jpg&quot;, ImageFormat.Jpeg);&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8069" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T11:25:46.670" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T11:25:46.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9144" CreationDate="2014-07-09T21:59:00.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the requirement to collect evidence (like screenshots) of tests being executed is driven by regulations in your industry.  I had to collect evidence while testing military avionics (MIL-STD-2167), telecommunications equipment (TL9000), and financial reporting for publicly traded company (Sarbanes-Oxley).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When working with software that is not regulated, the evidence collection was not required, and generally not done. (I can't remember anytime when we did it) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check if your are required to collect that evidence before dropping it.  Otherwise, if you are not required - then its a business decision on your part. Is it worth the time to collect detailed results of tests that pass?  You would know by how many times you actually used the data that you collect.  In my experience, its better to focus on collecting data/screenshots for failed tests to help diagnose the failures quicker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-07-09T21:59:00.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9167" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-10T06:40:55.340" Score="0" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester and would like to upgrade to automation so i would like to go for Selenium. But i am totally new to selenium. So I would like to gain some knowledge on selenium. For that i would like to install selenium and practice. But i did not  have any idea. I watched some youtube videos and installed selenium ide.  But iam not getting idea how selenium tool is used. Is selenium IDE is sufficient or What is the use of Selenium RC. I would like to use Java as my language. So i want to know what all the things to be downloaded and installed for using selenium tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8228" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T07:55:38.490" Title="procedure and prerequisites for installing selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9168" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-10T06:42:37.127" Score="1" ViewCount="8369" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a test plan for a user for a web application. The test plan is running as expected, but on the registration screen, the user has to enter a captcha. I'm not able to handle it from Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="6017" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T18:04:43.783" LastActivityDate="2019-08-07T07:41:55.437" Title="How to handle captcha in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9167" CreationDate="2014-07-10T07:11:23.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of the Selenium IDE version look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://sebuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt; to record and convert tests into code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumsimplified.com/get-started/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a full video tutorial&lt;/a&gt; for setting up Selenium, Java, Maven and an IDE to start building and running tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T07:11:23.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9170" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9172" CreationDate="2014-07-10T07:16:02.780" Score="1" ViewCount="3044" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came to know a new bug type named latent bug. Kindly help me understand what kind of bug is this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2014-07-10T13:35:09.340" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T04:41:22.700" Title="What is a latent bug?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9171" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9173" CreationDate="2014-07-10T08:54:57.113" Score="1" ViewCount="319" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is a golden bug in software testing life cycle. Kindly help me understand what kind of bug is this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-10T10:39:08.673" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T10:39:08.673" Title="What is a golden bug in software testing life cycle?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9170" CreationDate="2014-07-10T09:31:34.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/latent+defect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dictionary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;latent defect&lt;/strong&gt; n. a hidden flaw, weakness or imperfection in an article&#xA;  which a seller knows about, but the buyer cannot discover by&#xA;  reasonable inspection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think this term is more used for selling physical items (like houses and cars) and not in software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://careerride.com/Testing-latent-bugs-and-golden-bug.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;some random site&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;latent bug&lt;/strong&gt;: The bug that is not identified in the past versions of the software application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software it might also be a defect the developers know about, but do not tell the testers or the end-client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-10T09:55:44.820" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T09:55:44.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9171" CreationDate="2014-07-10T09:56:34.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://careerride.com/Testing-latent-bugs-and-golden-bug.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;some random site&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Golden Bug&lt;/strong&gt;: The bug that is occurred in every instances of the application with severity level high and with high priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T09:56:34.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9174" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-10T10:51:17.790" Score="5" ViewCount="13024" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm basically looking for something like this, but for SoapUI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TrG2n.png&quot; alt=&quot;cucumber-reporting report for Cucumber test results&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SoapUI displays results in a really nice way in it's GUI. Any chance of getting something similar for/when it runs on Jenkins?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6846" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T03:00:00.990" Title="Is there a Jenkins plugin that visualises SoapUI test results by giving you a graphical report?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9175" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-10T11:01:52.987" Score="1" ViewCount="188" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using JMeter to simulate 10 users firing requests every 40 seconds. I have created 100 different requests but after every 40 seconds, each user is firing all 100 requests. I want to make it in such a way that after every 40 seconds, each user only fires 1 request and that request has to be different from the previous request. I would like to know what should I use to achieve this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T11:00:31.297" Title="Firing different requests in every iteration" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8780" CreationDate="2014-07-10T11:37:33.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should allow some specific special characters which are used in Country/state names. According to me, best option would be providing values in a drop-down, so that user can select desired value from the drop-down and you can put a generic validation message like &quot;Country is required.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T11:37:33.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9170" CreationDate="2014-07-10T13:31:57.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Latent bugs are bugs which exist, but have not yet been discovered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are bugs waiting to be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T13:31:57.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9179" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9182" CreationDate="2014-07-10T13:54:30.747" Score="1" ViewCount="747" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to create Selenium IDE script when passing value [Using hyperlink] from one HTML page to other.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case the page was automatically closed After passing the value. When i am trying to run the test using Selenium IDE showing error like &quot;[error] modifyWindow: Window was closed!&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sample of the web page is like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QGNcL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i click on 'Search Customer ID' button of the first form, it will show a pop up window [like HTML Page 2]. After searching customer name, a list of details will shows in the pop up window. Select one of the customer by click on '&lt;strong&gt;Select&lt;/strong&gt;'[hyperlink] and the customer ID details are automatically loading to the first page [In the Customer ID field of HTML page 1]. At this time the second window will closed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7849" LastEditorUserId="7849" LastEditDate="2014-07-11T09:33:39.233" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T18:43:07.230" Title="Script when passing values from one HTML page to other in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9146" CreationDate="2014-07-10T15:37:11.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Meet with real people in meatspace. Find a meetup in area for relevant technology/language, give 2-minute pitch about positions. Possibly even sponsor pizza or soda for participants. This way, you can reach to people who don't actively look for new jobs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also consider researching possible answers to this question in workplace exchange - about finding/hiring good job candidates: &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:48:41.417" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T15:47:00.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9179" CreationDate="2014-07-10T16:28:23.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understood correctly, it sounds like you have a test that clicks on a hyperlink, that will then close the current window and open a new one?  If that is not correct, please add more details.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to instruct Selenium to use the new window, you need to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selectWindow(windowID)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;windowID&lt;/code&gt; would be the title of the window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T18:43:07.230" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T18:43:07.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9183" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-10T20:28:14.717" Score="6" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to find a method to query our TFS Server 2013 for test cases that have been switched from &quot;Not Automated&quot; or &quot;Planned&quot; to &quot;Automated&quot; within a given time period.  I know I can create a query in Visual Studio that would pull all automated cases, and can add &lt;code&gt;&quot;Changed Date&quot; &amp;gt; @today - 30&lt;/code&gt; as a clause, but the methods that some of the manual QA testers user to update and change test cases end up pulling in a lot more than just the recently automated.  Is there a way to create a sub query on the History field or query the cube directly for this information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what I have so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Xj5m4.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;A screen shot of my automation query&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6351" LastActivityDate="2019-08-09T18:02:15.283" Title="Query TFS 2013 to get recently automated" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9131" CreationDate="2014-07-10T22:15:47.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen this sort of thing before and the problem ended up being in how the page was coded: onmouseover vs onchange in our case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to look at the the javascript events for the page, as it sounds very possible that the human interaction is causing some method to run whereas the web driver is changing objects in the DOM, and allowing web driver to push through the page without triggering the rogue javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8236" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T22:15:47.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8826" CreationDate="2014-07-10T22:26:57.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Virtualization software.  You can use tools like VMWare to setup virtual machines which you then run from your existing machine.  You might be on a Mac, a Linux box or a Windows machine, and from it run WinXP, Win7, Win8, Win XP /w SP1, etc.  IIRC even MS has a Virtual Server which you can script to turn machines on and off, which means one script to run all the different variation you may need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8236" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T22:26:57.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2014-07-10T22:42:44.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Been the manual QA, moved to automation over 15 years ago. Can now code in Java, C#, C, Python, etc, etc... written automation tests in more tools/languages than I care to remember.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trust me when I say learn Python and WebDriver.&lt;/strong&gt;  You will be productive with this combination faster than any other, and since you are learning as you go, your employer will really appreciate you not wasting the money they give you.  Get productive and then go back and learn more languages - never stop learning!  You will also appreciate it later when you can easily teach someone else Python/Webdriver to be your helper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, the expressiveness of Python/Webdriver allows you to write lines like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  test_passes = True if &quot;My text&quot; in webdriver.find_element_by_tag_name('html') else False&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which are easy to understand even without comments - which you will need lots of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8236" LastActivityDate="2014-07-10T22:42:44.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9189" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-11T05:31:21.947" Score="2" ViewCount="414" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked to work with our UI/UX director recently to test our UI stuffs. I am bit nervous as its completely new area. So far, i have been in functional testing and did test for UI alignment issues. I Just wanted to know how to get started with UI/UX testing ? ANy materials, Blog , links would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5600" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T23:02:49.143" Title="How to get specialized in UI/UX testing?" Tags="&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8802" CreationDate="2014-07-11T06:03:05.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked on SilkTest and it is good. Also, as @Ankit mentioned there are many good UI testing tools, you can find here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to add another one named Watir. Used it in one project for data scraping long back and found it helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Watir (Web Application Testing in Ruby, pronounced water), is an open-source family of Ruby libraries for automating web browsers.[1][2][3][4] It drives Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome, Opera and Safari, and is available as a RubyGems gem.[4][5] Watir was primarily developed by Bret Pettichord and Paul Rogers. (Source: Wikipedia - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watir&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="7486" LastEditDate="2019-09-05T08:32:22.540" LastActivityDate="2019-09-05T08:32:22.540" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9082" CreationDate="2014-07-11T06:11:18.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Divya, if you simply want to navigate to &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://google.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://google.com&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, you can simply add a HTTP Request sampler and put the URL in &quot;Server Name or IP&quot; field and it will work as expected. Please let me know if you have any other query regarding this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T06:11:18.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8802" CreationDate="2014-07-11T07:38:06.610" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sikilu&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; automates anything you see on the screen. It uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components. It is useful when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-11T07:51:24.340" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T07:51:24.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9195" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-11T07:48:46.020" Score="2" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on an agile team building a web-based product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do have &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jUnit&lt;/a&gt; tests and API automation as well. However since we iterate fast, more and more test-cases are being added or updated everyday. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that there is no central list of test-cases. &#xA;Is there any tool which I can use to maintain list of tests and individual test details?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8239" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-11T17:29:03.920" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T00:22:35.857" Title="Maintaining list of testcases in an agile environment" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9189" CreationDate="2014-07-11T08:48:56.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UI&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask for a style guide, if you do not have one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The style guide should have a list with the allowed colors. Exactly values like hex code or something similar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test in different browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask what browser they want to support. Look about market share and keep up-to-date.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a priority list of browsers in three categories: A(Important), B, C.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mobile App&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test on real different devices and do not use emulators.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The most things will be displayed correctly on iPhone or new Android devices. But also take a look to the older one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test x devices in parallel. One of them should be an device without known problems as a reference. Navigate between the difference screens and compare the device screens to discover device / OS specific problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a priority list of devices / OS in three categories: A(Important), B, C.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to get new devices fast as you can.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing mobile apps is very hard. You has so many combinations: devices * operating systems * app versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UX&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test on the users point of view.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test that forms, navigation elements ect. has the same composition/colors on the different pages/screens. For example: The Cancel button is always gray and the Submit button always green.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure that many additional points exists. But these come up into my mind at first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-07-11T11:20:09.860" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T11:20:09.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9189" CreationDate="2014-07-11T09:02:50.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read two great books written by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sensible.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Steve Krug&lt;/a&gt;, which I think are a must read for anyone doing usability testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/10-usability-lessons-from-steve-krugs-dont-make-me-think/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Don't Make Me Think&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://abetteruserexperience.com/2011/10/steve-krug-book-review/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rocket Surgery Made Easy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are easy to read and you should be able to read both in a day (or two).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe also ask the question on &lt;a href=&quot;https://ux.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://ux.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;, guess that community might have better getting started pointers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:32:23.980" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T09:02:50.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9175" CreationDate="2014-07-11T10:12:43.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can put your 100 requests in i.e. CSV file and use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; to iterate through them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To limit/shape the load you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Timer&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; depending on your use case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T10:12:43.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9199" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9208" CreationDate="2014-07-11T10:29:05.573" Score="7" ViewCount="4932" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good tests shouldn't shouldn't have duplication and should be concise, however when testing a web application with authentication the test must first get past authentication to perform the desired function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With many tests this quickly means that the login screen (or equivalent) will be tested numerous times. I would ideally like to avoid this repetition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One method is to create cookies and sessions to &quot;trick&quot; the browser into thinking the state for the test exists. This method quickly becomes complex with potentially many sessions needing to be created, and also increases the overhead of the test, especially if these need to be combined with database states.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have a good solution for a complex applications, or a good pattern for managing multiple sessions, databases, and cookies if this is how they work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5216" LastActivityDate="2019-07-24T18:16:16.187" Title="What practices are used to avoid constantly testing the login screen in web driver tests?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9200" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-11T10:34:31.947" Score="1" ViewCount="1426" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate desktop application i.e Bluetooth PTS tool. But can't find any good way to do. I have no exposure to scripting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8240" LastActivityDate="2018-03-01T10:27:13.617" Title="Desktop application automation" Tags="&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8802" CreationDate="2014-07-11T10:58:34.560" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestStack White&lt;/strong&gt;: (partial open-source)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/TestStack/White&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;White&lt;/a&gt; is an open-source framework for automating rich client&#xA;  applications based on Win32, WinForms, WPF, Silverlight and SWT (Java)&#xA;  platforms. It is .NET based and does not require the use of any&#xA;  proprietary scripting languages. Tests/automation programs using White&#xA;  can be written with whatever .NET language, IDE and tools you are&#xA;  already using. White provides a consistent object-oriented API, hiding&#xA;  the complexity of &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms753107(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microsoft's UIAutomation library&lt;/a&gt; (on which&#xA;  White is based) and windows messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the free &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/products/visual-studio-express-vs.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Studio Express&lt;/a&gt; you can create automated tests with the .Net framework. See my example console C# app code to automate notepad.exe below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using TestStack.White;&#xA;using TestStack.White.InputDevices;&#xA;using TestStack.White.UIItems.Finders;&#xA;using TestStack.White.UIItems.MenuItems;&#xA;using TestStack.White.UIItems.WindowItems;&#xA;&#xA;namespace WhiteTest&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args) {&#xA;            Tests tests = new Tests();&#xA;            tests.Notepad();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    class Tests {&#xA;        public void Notepad() {&#xA;            // Arrange&#xA;            Application app = Application.Launch(&quot;notepad.exe&quot;);&#xA;            Window window = app.GetWindow(&quot;Untitled - Notepad&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            // Act&#xA;            var box = window.Get(SearchCriteria.ByClassName(&quot;Edit&quot;));&#xA;            Keyboard.Instance.Send(&quot;test&quot;, box);&#xA;&#xA;            window.MenuBar.MenuItem(&quot;File&quot;, &quot;Save As...&quot;).Click();&#xA;            var filename = window.Get(SearchCriteria.ByClassName(&quot;Edit&quot;));&#xA;            Keyboard.Instance.Send(DateTime.Now.ToString(&quot;yyyyMMddHHmmssffff&quot;) + &quot;test.txt&quot;, filename);&#xA;            window.Get(SearchCriteria.ByText(&quot;Save&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            app.Kill();&#xA;&#xA;            // Assert &#xA;            //  file is created in Documents folder&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T07:05:18.423" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T07:05:18.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9119" CreationDate="2014-07-11T12:12:07.420" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From Test Management tools perspective a &quot;Test Plan&quot; is a collection of certain test cases to be executed for a certain build. For example in MSTF (VSTS) from Microsoft and ALM from HP the term 'Test Plan' is used. Other test management tools like SpiraTest uses term 'Test Set' to refer the collection of certain 'test cases' being 'planned' for 'Execution' for a certain 'build' testing purpose. In a similar way 'Suite' is also a name given to collection of test cases (action or steps based test cases representing single scenario like Login, end to end scenarios).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general as well, when you are asked to test an application / module / feature, you may be asked to write or convey your 'Test Plan' that may contain your Test Mission, Test Strategy, Logistics and so on (this may be written and documented or may be not i.e. 'Indicative'). Other way to define a Test Plan is CMM/SEI way documenting test plan in terms of Scope, Resources, Time, Milestones, Entry / Exit criteria ideas of template based 'Test Plan' that fits into a certain projects (&amp;amp; serve a purpose indeed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7012" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T12:12:07.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9199" CreationDate="2014-07-11T14:09:37.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work/8491#8491&quot;&gt;PageObject design pattern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every test needs to log in, but code is in one place, and any test will just use it, just 1 line of code. Login is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; a problem. Other stuff, to prepare application's data to certain state might be bigger waste of time (but again, can be wrapped as single pageobject call).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you log just once, then run long trail of tests, they are dependent on the order. Dependency might be a good thing (one test prepares data for next) or not (weak link in the chain and more fragile tests), but you need at least to be aware of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you use some trick which bypasses login as user would do it, are you testing your application as user would, or some other configuration? You are opening yourself to to heisenbugs which happen for user and not for your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T14:50:31.080" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9195" CreationDate="2014-07-11T14:20:14.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically you want to avoid building custom application for tracking dependencies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way would be to have a wiki, one page per test. Wiki pages will have tags based on functionality. To run a test, you first run a search query on wiki, get pages matching criteria, convert page names to test names, and run them. And pages also can hold any other relevant info about tests. With version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This kind of flexibility is why FOS wiki (which we use) is going strong even if soon will be 20 years old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T14:20:14.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9189" CreationDate="2014-07-11T14:29:18.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Canonical source of knowledge about UI testing for last 20 years is &lt;a href=&quot;http://useit.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://useit.com&lt;/a&gt;. Jacob Nielsen is &quot;guru of website usability&quot; for those 20 years. Subscribe to his emails, and read his website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T14:29:18.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9206" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-11T16:00:49.770" Score="1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am setting up an OS X (build and) test environment for a open source project with a big C codebase. It shall be a Mavericks host on a Mac mini, which has a virtual machine with Snow Leopard. Both machines are designated to act as Jenkins build slaves. Nothing else is meant to happen there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure which hypervisor to chose: VMWare, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VirtualBox&lt;/a&gt;, Parallels, any other?&#xA;It shall be both powerful enough to do the jobs in short times, but also affordable.&#xA;What are your experiences and recommendations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8245" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-30T08:36:10.397" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T08:36:10.397" Title="OS X hypervisor for software tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;virtualization&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9195" CreationDate="2014-07-11T17:22:43.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test documentation&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be possible to generate code documentation with something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.doxygen.nl/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;doxygen&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://alternativeto.net/software/doxygen/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an alternative&lt;/a&gt;. (Assuming all the automated test-cases are started with a (unit) test-runner which uses a sort of class system in code.) Run the doc-generator only on the directories containing the tests. This should result in a list of all methods in the classes. Each method is a test, this could be the list you are looking for. Often these tools generate a method list and details click-through in the form of HTML pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grouping tests&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Understanding you want to run the test-suite partial. I think its better to group your test-cases and let the runner only start the groups you want to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some links that describe grouping for popular test-runners:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visual Studio Tests: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286683.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286683.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jUnit: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/817135/grouping-junit-tests&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/817135/grouping-junit-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cucumber: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Tags&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Tags&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestNG: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_group_test.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_group_test.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start grouping the old tests and make sure everyone who creates a new tests to put it in one or more groups. Motivate them by telling them it will make local tests runs faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="36305" LastEditDate="2018-12-26T00:22:35.857" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T00:22:35.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9199" CreationDate="2014-07-11T21:45:33.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand correctly, you are looking at ways to make your tests more efficient, so you can get as quickly as possible to the desired state and then perform the actual assertion that the test case is intended to cover.  There are a couple of options you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a class setup method, or application setup method to log in, then re-use your existing, open web browser to execute each test case.  You may also need a corresponding cleanup method to execute at the end of each test to get you to a known state for the start of your test case.  Most test runners support this, you would need to refer to the documentation of your particular test runner to get syntax.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorporate an http library to bypass the UI and send an HTTP request to log in, then set the session cookie value with webdriver's addCookie method so when you navigate to a specific page within your app, you will already be logged in.  If you have other crud operations within your app, you can also have non UI versions of those actions as well.  I have used this approach for creating new users, creating any kind of user specific content, etc, and have used it in my cleanup methods to delete content at the end of each test case, or test class.  This saves time, and is usually more reliable than going through the UI. This is very useful when you have a test case where you want to assert on some behavior on a page showing details about some user created object (let's say an event in a calendar) and that event can have lots of different properties.  Since you already have a test to create the calendar event through the UI, you don't need to do it over and over again for all of the tests that require an existing one, so you can send an http request to create the calendar event, then navigate to the page to view the event and execute your test assertion using the UI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T21:45:33.793" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9189" CreationDate="2014-07-11T22:36:47.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the best single book to read for your situation is &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0465050654&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Design of Everyday Things&lt;/a&gt; by Donald Norman. He's the other half Norman / Nielsen group linked in Peter's answer and a pioneer of the usability field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He talks about a lot of important concepts like &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;affordances&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_mapping_(interface_design)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mappings&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-shaping_constraint&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;forcing functions&lt;/a&gt;, and so many many others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The concepts in this book are valuable because they are an effective lens through which to evaluate your UI and a useful vocabulary to communicate what you observe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A made up example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the password constraints aren't revealed when registering, requiring users to repeatedly guess until they succeed or quit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uses the shared concepts of constraint and feedback to describe friction in the user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;it's too difficult to find an acceptable password on the registration form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Could&lt;/em&gt; be a UX issue, or possibly a bug with form validation, or possibly a bug with posting the form, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There isn't a single website mentioned in this book if I recall, but the underlying concepts are applicable to any user experience, which I find pretty amazing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2014-07-11T22:36:47.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9211" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-12T06:57:51.227" Score="1" ViewCount="1910" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium webdriver and by default when i run a script it is opening a session in Firefox. now i want to open this session in other browsers like Google Chrome, IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can i open this sessions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&#xA;Kamlesh&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6849" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T03:05:40.240" Title="How can i start my session in other browser rather than firefox in Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9211" CreationDate="2014-07-12T10:12:02.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To create an instance of a browser when running WebDriver test you need to create a driver specific to that browser. Firefox works by default, but to work with other browsers such as chrome you may have to download the driver separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This website will give you information on how to install the chrome driver and how to get it running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to have chrome installed on your test machine as well. Other drivers for other browsers can be installed in the same manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can download them from the links given below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/OperaDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/OperaDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5216" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-02T03:05:40.240" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T03:05:40.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-13T02:28:36.947" Score="2" ViewCount="1199" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone had experience getting a combined code coverage measure across both unit tests and functional/UI automation tests?  I'm in a Java stack with Cobertura, Jenkins and Ant.  I can successfully get the unit test coverage report in Jenkins already, and I am looking to get that build to also spin up an app server with an instrumented version of the app, and include the coverage from the UI automation along with the unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm hoping to do is identify the code that is covered by the UI automation tests, so I could eliminate some unit tests that don't test any meaningful behavior on their own and are there mostly to increase coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, I'd like to have a way to report that I don't need a unit test for a controller class (for example) in a Spring MVC/Grails application because it is already covered by the UI automation, and because there is no real business logic in the controller by itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8246" LastEditorUserId="8246" LastEditDate="2014-07-14T13:36:22.593" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T20:06:12.297" Title="Combining coverage from unit tests and functional tests/Selenium" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2921" CreationDate="2014-07-13T19:16:06.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how it works in Ruby:'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;      # test.rb&#xA;      require 'selenium-webdriver&quot;&#xA;      @browser = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome&#xA;      @browser.navigate.to &quot;http://www.google.com&quot;&#xA;      dir_to_jquery = Dir.pwd + '/features/support/ajax_resources'&#xA;      # jQuerify.js is the same java script posted above by Joe Coder&#xA;      jquerystring = File.open(&quot;#{dir_to_jquery}/jQuerify.js&quot;).read&#xA;&#xA;      #Give time for script to load and inject jquery library dynamically&#xA;      @browser.manage.timeouts.script_timeout = 10&#xA;      @browser.execute_async_script(jquerystring)&#xA;      @browser.execute_script(&quot;jQuery(function($) { &quot; +&quot; $('input[name=\&quot;q\&quot;]').val('pradeep@seleniumframework.com').closest('form').submit(); &quot; +&quot; }); &quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8251" LastActivityDate="2014-07-13T19:16:06.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-14T07:01:21.543" Score="3" ViewCount="20103" Body="&lt;p&gt;Difference Between CSS and XPATH ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the best locator in selecting Elements in selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Xpath is the better why? why should we use Xpath instead of CSS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If CSS is the better why? why should we use CSS instead of Xpath ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the advantages of both Xpath and CSS ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the Disadvantages of both Xpath and CSS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8253" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T16:00:14.723" Title="Difference Between CSS and XPATH" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-07-14T19:17:04.960" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9218" CreationDate="2014-07-14T07:52:22.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Css is liable to change; UI tweaks, making a site/app responsive etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By choosing to target elements XPATH the tags will likely stay around much longer and therefore requires less maintenance on your tests. If your site / app is generated using a framework you can have the XPATH targets generated in the back end and maintain some separation from the more changeable UI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another point for generating XPATH in the back end. You may serve different CSS to different screen size, with XPATH these targets can remain the same across sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt; We create customs tag that can be targeted with a simple XPATH expression, not good practice to have long complicated XPATH expression, this can only lead to flakey tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XPATH:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro's &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;powerful selection of the DOM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no native support for xpath in IE (WebDriver uses a 3rd party library)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CSS:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;looks simpler &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;consistent support across browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to get designers on board&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests may need to be updated with UI changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPATH works for me as I have support of the developers, who will add custom tags for case where elements won't be unique (and therefore cannot select by ID) and I can add these tags to the code when needed. If out testers worked separately from the developers this would be a different story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5216" LastEditorUserId="5216" LastEditDate="2014-07-14T14:56:23.433" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T14:56:23.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9220" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-14T09:35:58.360" Score="0" ViewCount="8168" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an automation framework based out of Selenium Web driver. I want to find out the extent to which automated test scenarios covers various sections of code. Can some one please suggest a code coverage tool for web application.(Preferably a tool which gives a report captures the sections of code which is not tested or less tested)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8255" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T15:31:07.297" Title="What is the best code coverage tool for a java based Web application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-07-14T19:16:48.317" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9220" CreationDate="2014-07-14T10:27:10.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver does not test code in the same way as a kit like JUnit. Code coverage tools are not an exact science even for unit tests. With Selenium  WebDriver you are testing the views of an application. You could potentially look at the code in your views that are covered in you WebDriver tests and estimate how much code is covered. However I would consider this to be a useless metric.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would measure my WebDriver tests in terms of stories or actions. &#xA;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests cover adding a user &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests cover creating a document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests do not cover editing a document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5216" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-14T12:38:52.813" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T12:38:52.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9218" CreationDate="2014-07-14T13:47:36.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: Neither. Use ID or name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;strong&gt;strongly&lt;/strong&gt; disagree with @Jon Duffy. If your CSS designers are up to snuff, they will create custom class names for the elements, so even if elements are moved around (XPATH changes), the class name itself stays the same. Even if CSS classes have different definitions, the name itself is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, location by CSS is faster and more reliable. All Selenium &quot;best practices&quot; guides I've seen so far advised to prefer CSS over XPATH. See link &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work/8491#8491&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. In all Selenium best practices I've see so far, XPATH is &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; a last resort locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, best locator is ID or name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if &lt;strong&gt;appearance or position&lt;/strong&gt; of element may change, it's ID or NAME should stay the same. So if you use them as locators, your tests are robust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/239/which-locator-do-you-use-with-selenium-css-or-xpath&quot;&gt;CSS is faster and more reliable than XPATH&lt;/a&gt; at least on IE. Also, you want to run your test cross-browser, and IE will likely remain big part of target audience. So you need to talk to your developers and designers and explain them why for testing ID, names and CSS locators are preferable, so you can avoid the hassle of XPATH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.mozilla.org/webqa/2013/09/26/writing-reliable-locators-for-selenium-and-webdriver-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Writing reliable locators&lt;/a&gt; - by Mozilla Web QA team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T16:00:14.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9215" CreationDate="2014-07-14T13:56:40.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, we do just that. We use Python and Coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am curious what is business reason to eliminate unit tests. Unit tests are much closer to code and if any fails, finding and fixing the bug is much easier. The only reason to eliminate unit test is if &lt;strong&gt;another unit test&lt;/strong&gt; covered the same execution path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OK, after comment from OP: yes, it is valid reason to eliminate unit test: you mocked the heck out of controller without really testing much. Especially if maintaining mocks is brittle, tedious and does not buy you much because you need to test it with real life examples anyway. If you have some specific business logic for controller, unit-test it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But 100% code coverage is wrong goal. Better goal is to get the best value for the time of developers and testers spend on writing and maintaining both production code and test code. Code (production, unit-tests, system-tests) is code, you need resources to maintain it, modify it in response to changes in requirements. What is best business value for resources spent? What makes your customers happy? If your code is covered twice over, by both unit and system tests, maybe you need channel more resources for development to have more features to be tested :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-07-14T20:06:12.297" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T20:06:12.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9224" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-14T14:11:52.723" Score="0" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working in Mobile Testing (Manual), I just want to know which type of testing best suits for mobile apps (Manual or Automation)? Kindly provide suggestions on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7767" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-04T13:56:45.477" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T13:56:45.477" Title="Which is best for mobile application testing? Manual or Automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-07-14T16:58:01.727" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9224" CreationDate="2014-07-14T14:16:59.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mixture of both, there is no 'best'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T14:16:59.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9224" CreationDate="2014-07-14T15:05:14.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To test mobile applications is very hard. You has so many different devices and operating systems. In some cases you have to test older versions of the application too, to be sure they work with a new backend or something like that. This produce a lot of combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, you can not covering all of these combinations manual, neither with automation. But automation can help you to coverage more combinations in the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation do not exists to supersede manual testing. The best way is to have both. My opinion is, that you automate the regression tests, because you execute them over and over again. But maybe you know what kind of tests you most execute. Whatever, if you automate these tests, you save a lot of time and recurring work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take the decision to automate tests for mobile is one thing. Find a proper tool another. On the market exists a few open source tools and a lot of commercial tools. You must invest a lot of time to evaluate what tool is the correct for you. Take the time!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you should also know, that you have a lot to do at the beginning of automation. But the more you automate, the less effort you will have each week or month. Automation is for a long term solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T15:05:14.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9220" CreationDate="2014-07-14T15:31:07.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should be able to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JaCoCo&lt;/a&gt; to gather coverage of the backend, but there are more coverage tools for Java see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Code_Coverage_Tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Code_Coverage_Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Process looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start application with coverage tool enabled&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run tests against web-app instance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate report of coverage files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://deors.wordpress.com/2012/02/02/selenium-webdriver-grid-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; about integrating Jenkins, Sonar and JaCoco to get and report on code coverage of a Java web-app: &lt;a href=&quot;http://deors.wordpress.com/2012/02/02/selenium-webdriver-grid-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://deors.wordpress.com/2012/02/02/selenium-webdriver-grid-3/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-07-14T15:31:07.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9429" CreationDate="2014-07-15T06:37:23.533" Score="2" ViewCount="41175" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose I have an add question facility but can't add same question in the form. So need to check whether the question is already visible on the screen, if not then add it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not getting how to match a string value to the content of a form. is it possible to do so with selenium webdriver. Or if there is any other way to achieve this? I just need to check a text whether displayed on the screen or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T12:23:57.377" Title="Matching any text present on the visible html page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9228" CreationDate="2014-07-15T07:35:56.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something like this should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean isTextOnPagePresent(String text) {&#xA;    WebElement body = driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;body&quot;));&#xA;    String bodyText = body.getText();&#xA;    return bodyText.contains(text);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I have no possibility to test that. If it should not work, you could try to use &lt;code&gt;getPageSource()&lt;/code&gt; instead of get the text of the body tag. But this does not furfill the &quot;on the visible html page&quot; part of your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-15T07:54:07.940" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T07:54:07.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9230" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-15T09:33:24.293" Score="2" ViewCount="10039" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’m new to Jmeter and I am currently testing a web application using Jmeter. When I’m trying to record using &quot;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&quot;, Jmeter records 'two' HTTP Request for 'one' static screen (I am not performing any other functionality on screen). Also, when I tried to investigate I came to know that the only difference is, in second HTTP Request, &quot;Content encoding = utf-8&quot;.&#xA;When I ran this Test Plan, I noticed that in “View Result Tree”, under Request tab, value of “Accept” and “Referer” fields are getting changed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My query: Is this application sending request twice for each screen? Or am I missing something? Or is this behavior the intended behavior? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Below is sample output form from a static screen named Image Gallery-&#xA;First on View Results Tree:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Request Headers:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Connection: keep-alive&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:17.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/17.0&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Referer: http://Applicationname.com/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;DNT: 1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Host: (Application-name).com&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second outcome on View Results Tree:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Request Headers:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Connection: keep-alive&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Accept: image/png,image/*;q=0.8,*/*;q=0.5&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:17.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/17.0&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Referer: http://applicationname.com/tof.AN.UI/Product/IdeaImageGallery&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;DNT: 1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Host: Applicationname.com&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me understand this and kindly excuse me if my question is very basic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance for your precious time!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I tried to research for content encoding and I found this on stack overflow: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17154967/is-content-encoding-being-set-to-utf-8-invalid&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17154967/is-content-encoding-being-set-to-utf-8-invalid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T10:01:33.340" Title="I'm facing content encoding = utf-8 problem while testing a web application using jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9211" CreationDate="2014-07-15T09:45:03.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    package mercuryreg;&#xA;    import java.util.regex.Pattern;&#xA;    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;    import org.junit.*;&#xA;    import static org.junit.Assert.*;&#xA;    import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;  &#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;    import com.thoughtworks.selenium.webdriven.commands.IsElementPresent;&#xA;&#xA;    public class MercuryReg {&#xA;&#xA;      @Test&#xA;      public void mMercuryReg() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;          System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Softwares_Must_Have\\sele\\chromedriver\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); &#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            //Open Home Page&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/mercuryregister.php?osCsid=78d86f0aad105bdce1a01c8531e3b2c6&quot;);&#xA;            //Enter text in search box&#xA;            WebElement fname=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;firstName&quot;));&#xA;            fname.clear();&#xA;            fname.sendKeys(&quot;firstName&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;............&#xA;..........&#xA;........&#xA;.......&#xA;.....&#xA;...&#xA;..&#xA;.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8264" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T09:45:03.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8780" CreationDate="2014-07-15T10:07:28.920" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;please check this link from w3schools.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/js/js_form_validation.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;java script validations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Prakash Nanda&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8264" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T10:07:28.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9081" CreationDate="2014-07-15T11:37:33.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did this by following code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.Properties;&#xA;&#xA;import javax.activation.*;&#xA;import javax.mail.*;&#xA;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;&#xA;import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;&#xA;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;&#xA;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;&#xA;&#xA;public class emailReport {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    final String username = &quot;give your email id&quot;;&#xA;    final String password = &quot;enter your password&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    Properties props = new Properties();&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.auth&quot;, true);&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.starttls.enable&quot;, true);&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.host&quot;, &quot;smtp.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.port&quot;, &quot;587&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Session session = Session.getInstance(props,&#xA;            new javax.mail.Authenticator() {&#xA;                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {&#xA;                    return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);&#xA;                }&#xA;            });&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;&#xA;        Message message = new MimeMessage(session);&#xA;        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(&quot;from.mail.id91@gmail.com&quot;));&#xA;        message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,&#xA;                InternetAddress.parse(&quot;to.mail.id@gmail.com&quot;));&#xA;        message.setSubject(&quot;Testing Subject&quot;);&#xA;        message.setText(&quot;PFA&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        MimeBodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();&#xA;&#xA;        Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();&#xA;&#xA;        messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();&#xA;        String file = &quot;path of file to be attached&quot;;&#xA;        String fileName = &quot;attachment name&quot;;&#xA;        DataSource source = new FileDataSource(file);&#xA;        messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));&#xA;        messageBodyPart.setFileName(fileName);&#xA;        multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);&#xA;&#xA;        message.setContent(multipart);&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Sending&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Transport.send(message);&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Done&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    } catch (MessagingException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It worked fine for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-15T12:40:25.670" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T12:40:25.670" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9236" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9237" CreationDate="2014-07-15T12:54:23.153" Score="1" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to run all my test cases with one start up and tear down process. I have written code for multiple browser testing and as of now I am repeating those codes in every class file under @BeforeMethod to run my test cases present in that class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I want to write them once and execute all my test cases with it. Is it possible to do so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried with different annotations but nothing worked for me. I am probably not writing it in perfect manner. I have also given @Data Providers for inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it I am making it complex? Or we can do all those things in one run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T14:19:54.273" Title="To run all test cases by invoking driver once for a suite" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9236" CreationDate="2014-07-15T13:30:49.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Hull {&#xA;&#xA;    protected WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod &#xA;    public void initializeDriver() {&#xA;        // Initialize the driver here.&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class ClassWithTestMethods extends Hull {&#xA;    // Test methods with @Test annotation.&#xA;    // Use the driver variable of Hull in the test methods.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;initializeDriver&lt;/code&gt; method should always be executed before each test method. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I do not know how you use the data providers. But it should work if you define it in the &lt;code&gt;Hull&lt;/code&gt; class too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt; annotation also exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-07-15T14:19:54.273" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T14:19:54.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8780" CreationDate="2014-07-15T14:03:34.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I will try and put an extensive answer to this. The first issue is that this is a text box where an end user can insert data as they please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Boundary Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;boundary testing&lt;/a&gt;, by this I mean find from the business what should be allowed and what shouldn't be allowed. Test at the boundaries of what should be allowed and what should not be allowed. IE, if it's a 10 character limit, attempt with 11 and make sure that it fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Special Characters&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next step would be testing with special characters to ensure they don't cause issue with the system. I have experienced situations where textboxes used &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;regular expression&lt;/a&gt; and any regular expression in the text box would be processed. This could be a major problem. There is several other issues where special characters can cause problems. This includes things like &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQL Injection&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://forums.codeguru.com/showthread.php?350081-Invalid-characters-in-sql&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Illegal Characters&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all of that, make sure that it actually works and does what it is supposed to. Also, do things like UI validation, back end validation, integration testing and all of the basics that you should be aware of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-07-15T14:13:31.077" LastActivityDate="2014-07-15T14:13:31.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9240" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-16T08:07:25.490" Score="3" ViewCount="9711" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our organisation and clients expects us to give a sort of test &quot;certificate&quot; for each release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each release consists of a couple of three/four weeks sprints, including testing efforts as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated integration-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing sessions (during the sprint)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual end-to-end test (each sprint)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual regression suites (each release)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of release test report do you deliver to an enterprise client keeping in mind &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile principles&lt;/a&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Working software over comprehensive documentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cambridge.org/nl/download_file/202219/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;traditional&quot; testing reports&lt;/a&gt; and they include documenting any findings during testing. Also I have seen test reports including screen-shots to prove the testing happened. This all feels like a great waste of time, because there is a very big chance no-one will read them ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;What do we (minimally) report to give the client the feeling we do thoroughly testing and satisfy critical managers who expect test reports?&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-16T08:28:12.600" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T21:04:28.150" Title="Test reports for Agile software releases" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9240" CreationDate="2014-07-16T10:05:17.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know what documentation you currently has or what tools you use. So I do not know is all of the following possible for you. But maybe you found some helpful ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect Overview&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many defects was created.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many defects was fixed/closed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many defects of the ceated/fixed/closed has a low, medium or high priority. (Maybe you has more types of priorities.) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many defects was found in what kind of testing phase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have different sections/components in your software, how many defects was found in what kind of section.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Cases Overview&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many test cases executed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many test cases failed/passed at the end of the testing phase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maybe you should also show what priority the failed test cases has.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have different kind of test sets for the different sections of the software split the report in these. So the people can see what section is the most critical.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirements&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A simple list who shows if a requirement covered by a test case or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This all should be simple generated by a tool like HPQC. Most of the data can be shown as graphs, to it is easy to read and not so hard to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T10:05:17.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9230" CreationDate="2014-07-16T11:27:12.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second request is image which is somewhere at the page you're hitting with the first request. I believe that it should be expected for image gallery to have some images. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend to delete the second request from recorded samples and use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt; configured to &lt;code&gt;Retrieve all embedded resources&lt;/code&gt; and use pool of 3-5 threads for it as this is what real browsers do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/115022-how-to-make-jmeter-behave-more-like-a-real-browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to make JMeter behave more like a real browser&lt;/a&gt; guide for another piece of advice on how to make your test more realistic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T11:27:12.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9240" CreationDate="2014-07-16T14:05:00.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This all feels like a great waste of time, because there is a very big chance no-one will read them ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hear you on this one. I have wasted far too many hours of my life producing documents that nobody ever read - enough so that at one point, I devised Anna's Chocolate Bar Test. (Somewhere in the last half of the document, you state that you have chocolate in your desk for the determined few who have read this far. Then you see who comes to you for treats. Obviously this is not one to use on client documentation!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The agile manifesto also states &quot;while there is value in the items on&#xA;the right, we value the items on the left more&quot;. That &lt;em&gt;does not&lt;/em&gt; mean that documentation is something you should avoid, only that you should not allow creation of documentation to take the place of creating working software. Sometimes documentation is actually a crucial part of the deliverables for your product (in a regulated industry, for example), and that's fine. There is absolutely no contradiction between a good Agile process and creating necessary documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case - I can see your difficulty because you are not (for some reason) being allowed to discuss the client's needs with the client, so it will not be tailored to their needs. But you still have to produce something that they will like and that conveys all the work you have done.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've a couple of suggestions for reading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Read up about low tech testing dashboards - this is something I have not found the need to use much myself (yet), but I think it's a good match for an Agile process, especially on an ongoing project which lasts through a number of sprints. Here's &lt;a href=&quot;http://marlenacompton.com/?p=733&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;how Marlena Compton implemented this in an Agile environment&lt;/a&gt; at Atlassian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) I think it's also worth reading Michael Bolton's posts about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2012/02/braiding-the-stories/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;telling the testing story&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For myself, the reporting I do on a release basis is aimed at a slightly different goal: I want teams to have conversations, to understand if anything they are releasing might combine in a bad way with something another team is doing. I want our release managers, should there be an issue, to be able to make decisions, and know who to go to for more information. What we produce is a two page document - a table summarising the main areas affected by this release, which team worked on it, what percentage of our customers use that functionality, and some comments on what we think the main risks are, and what we've done to investigate them. This is useful both for the teams themselves, and the release managers. (I'm also sure it will change plenty over time - this is a snapshot!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think my current approach would necessarily work well in other environments, as it depends very much on a culture of transparency. Sometimes companies have a culture where they pretend that risks they don't talk about don't exist, so you shouldn't talk about a risk unless you have mitigated it. That's I think why traditional test reporting often seeks to obfuscate risks in an ink-cloud of dodgy metrics. Only you can tell whether either your company, or your client, might have that culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T14:05:00.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9240" CreationDate="2014-07-16T17:55:21.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have served as QA lead for multiple Scrum teams.  Any release might have multiple teams releasing at the same time.  I was responsible for the overall QA sign-off and test summary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we provided as a summary document:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What user stories were included from each group &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any documented defects that were not fixed and therefore constituted a release risk  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Highlights of specific test efforts - these were not detailed, more on the order of &quot;Executed standard automated regression suites on components X, Y, Z&quot; or &quot;Built and executed new performance test suite for component A&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We didn't typically provide a list of defects other than those that were still open and constituted a release risk or a problem for our customer service desk, nor did we provide a list of test cases executed.  If there were concerns about a particularly tricky change or new component, we might provide links to our RST documents to internal partners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7037" LastActivityDate="2014-07-16T17:55:21.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9247" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9248" CreationDate="2014-07-16T19:29:35.633" Score="2" ViewCount="2949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im using WebDriver and Python to automate a website. I have a suite of tests and sometimes running into the following problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test no.1 = Login to home page, navigate to Account page, perform some activity, Logout&#xA;Test no.2 = Login to home page, navigate to Deposit page, perform some activity, Logout&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem:&lt;/strong&gt; If Test no.1 has a catastrophic failure in Account page, then when Test no.2 kicks off, it logins to the account page instead of the home page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; How do I make sure that every test starts with a clean session, i.e. login always goes to the home page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearing the browser cookies and cache doesn't help. I have in my Test Teardown, the Close All Browsers keyword which clears the browser cache and closes the browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8286" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T09:00:40.227" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T09:00:40.227" Title="How to start all tests with a clear session after browser crash," Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9247" CreationDate="2014-07-16T19:49:40.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you simply &lt;code&gt;driver.get(URL)&lt;/code&gt; to your homepage. Not sure why you consider a hack, if that is what you need to recover from test failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T13:51:02.843" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T13:51:02.843" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9211" CreationDate="2014-07-17T04:46:00.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Softwares_Must_Have\\sele\\chromedriver\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;     WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is the syntax to locate the third party driver,. you have to download the driver.&#xA;then you have to initiate and call it..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks &lt;strong&gt;Prakash&lt;/strong&gt; and &#xA;am new to stackexchange..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8264" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T04:46:00.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9250" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9251" CreationDate="2014-07-17T07:32:31.617" Score="-2" ViewCount="945" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a strange query; I was unable to figure it out using Google. I user &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter&lt;/a&gt; very often for performance testing, but I’m not aware that what is the meaning of J in Jmeter tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know what ‘J’ stands for in Apache Jmeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-17T08:17:46.567" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T08:17:46.567" Title="What is the meaning of J in Apache Jmeter performance testing tool?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-08-10T19:27:17.410" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9250" CreationDate="2014-07-17T08:11:41.203" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Apache JMeter™ desktop application is open source software, a 100%&#xA;  pure Java application designed to load test functional behavior and&#xA;  measure performance. It was originally designed for testing Web&#xA;  Applications but has since expanded to other test functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of Java applications start with a &lt;strong&gt;j&lt;/strong&gt;, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jedit.org/&quot;&gt;jEdit&lt;/a&gt; and it often indicates the application is written in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.java.com/en/&quot;&gt;Java&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T08:11:41.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9289" CreationDate="2014-07-17T11:56:24.740" Score="4" ViewCount="12816" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is web application product which is tested by test automation (selenium webdriver based test project in scope of the whole project) Client is asking what is the test coverage by automation of our product? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is what is the best way to track, to make some docs, etc for coverage metrics, that can be used not only by client, but also by developers if they want, for example - to launch only some corresponding bunch of test scenarios based on that metric coverage ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6568" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T06:52:07.243" Title="What are basic metrics of coverage with functional UI automation testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9252" CreationDate="2014-07-17T17:00:36.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would give them a percentage number of test cases automated of all test cases that can be automated. The key here is to develop the full list of test cases that &quot;can&quot; be automated. What test case management tool do you use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8069" LastActivityDate="2014-07-17T17:00:36.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9254" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9255" CreationDate="2014-07-18T05:44:43.853" Score="21" ViewCount="92541" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to test desktop applications using selenium? Suppose we have a simple application like gtalk. A desktop application, can we automate that application with selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T12:59:52.397" LastActivityDate="2020-05-29T18:54:14.893" Title="Can I use Selenium to do Desktop Application testing?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9254" CreationDate="2014-07-18T06:17:50.120" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, Selenium 2 / WebDriver is for web applications only. But there are other tools to automate desktop application GUI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also search for &quot;desktop application&quot; on this site to find recommended tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-07-20T16:54:22.660" LastActivityDate="2014-07-20T16:54:22.660" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9257" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-17T07:24:09.027" Score="0" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple question: WHY we need compatibility testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly answer that because application behaves differently on different web browsers. That is what I’m asking that why application behaves differently on different web browsers when all web browsers follow industry standards?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I investigate on this and I came to know that everyone web browser has its own way of reading .css files. But, this is kind of lay man answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would really appreciate if someone could help me understand the exact reason that WHY we require Compatibility testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" OwnerDisplayName="Committed to quality" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-18T12:09:43.577" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T09:12:16.997" Title="When all web browsers follow IT industry standards then what is the need of Compatibility testing?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9257" CreationDate="2014-07-18T09:23:25.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Implementing the same standards will not result in same product. There will be differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different teams make different (human) mistakes, use a different architecture, etc... If you search for browser-benchmarks you will notice a great difference in the speed of the renderer and the JavaScript engines. This must prove they are different under the hood, with unknown consequences to compatibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to make sure your application works on all browsers (that you support), then you need to test for compatibility issues on these browsers.&#xA;Maybe you can take the risk that it will not interfere with your end-users work-flow and only start this kind of test after the first critical issues have been reported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not want to test for compatibility issues in multiple browsers (since its very time consuming) you could try to find and use a framework that tries to handle all the incompatibilities.&#xA;Frameworks like jQuery give you a programming interface which should behave the same in all browsers. Putting your trust in others is another risk you have to weigh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind a lot of enterprise clients still standardize on old versions of Internet Explorer like version 7 or 8, due to old legacy web-apps. The horror... :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-07-18T09:23:25.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9259" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-18T10:11:11.617" Score="9" ViewCount="5792" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing the visual appearance of a website the use of tools like selenium (functional surface test) is not sufficient because it doesn´t check the visual appearance and/or the CSS-Code directly. Different approaches are possible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defining style guides&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Syntax checking of CSS and HTML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DOM comparison&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screenshot comparison&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you check the visual appearance of websites from a web-application? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I implemented a screenshot comparison tool in Java. Screenshots are generated by a framework based on selenium. I started with pixel by pixel comparison. Actually I split the screenshot into different parts (maybe 10x10 rectangles) and compare the histograms of corresponding parts. For the future I want to determine relevant parts (regions of interest) automatically. Maybe someone has ideas how to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8302" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T14:30:16.997" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T14:30:16.997" Title="Visual Regression Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9259" CreationDate="2014-07-18T11:06:18.283" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most efficient tool for testing the appearance of a website is still the human eye and brain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, if you want or need to automate, image comparison is probably the least effective method because even with fuzzy logic it can generate far too many false positives. All it takes is a change in hardware (a different monitor or video card - this will change such things as color saturation, image brightness and so forth, and that's before you consider changes to screen resolution), and a screenshot image comparison will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to do this, I'd look at first verifying the site by eye, then building file compare routines for the CSS and HTML on a per-page basis, using a saved baseline. This would avoid issues with different rendering across different browsers (best handled by eye for the initial verification) and cause a lot less work when changes are made (for each image, you'd need to define the regions of interest, how much variance you allowed, and where you allowed it. For a file comparison you really only need a way identify and strip things like timestamps which will always change - it's not affected by a change to the baseline file).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are test tools that perform image comparisons: the ones I've tried haven't impressed me. They may meet your needs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-18T11:06:18.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9257" CreationDate="2014-07-18T11:37:45.580" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is that each browser implements the industry standards based on the implementation team's understanding of those standards. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several different &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser_engine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;base engines&lt;/a&gt; that are used by different browsers, including but not limited to WebKit, Gecko, Trident, and Blink. That accounts for the majority of differences in behavior between different browsers in my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, each browser implements the engine in a different way, depending on the operating systems the browser supports, the range of devices the browser supports, the focus of the programming team, and many other factors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, programmers are human, and make mistakes. Each browser is going to have different quirks and bugs because of this, so it makes sense to test in different browsers to ensure your application isn't caught by one of the bugs (for example: Internet Explorer has known issues with memory leaks involving AJAX and Jquery garbage collection due to its JavaScript implementation being less forgiving than Firefox or Chrome. Each successive version of Internet Explorer has reduced these issues, but has not eliminated them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since most of the major rendering engines are &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_web_browser_engines&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;written in C++&lt;/a&gt;, they have to be recompiled for different operating systems - which introduces another layer of potential differences, because each compiler optimizes and generates binaries in a slightly different way - and that's assuming the authors of the original code did not include any operating-system-specific code (which is a rather large assumption to make in my experience). The end result is that the same version of the same browser will behave differently in different operating systems (Firefox in Windows as opposed to Firefox in Linux systems is a good example here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effectively, the browser running your web application is at the top of a multi-layered technology stack, and that stack is different for each browser. Even when the browsers all implement the same standards (and until very recently this was not the case - Internet Explorer 10 was the first of the IE family to use the same standards that Firefox, Chrome, and Safari implement). They all have different levels of support of JavaScript, Jquery, HTML, CSS and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example that I know (because I've experienced it) is something as simple as when the OnChange() event for a dropdown fires: Firefox, Chrome, and Safari fire the event after the dropdown loses focus. Internet Explorer (all versions so far) fire the event each time the selected item changes. If your web application enables/disables or shows/hides fields based on the selection in a dropdown, exactly when those fields are enabled will vary depending on the browser - which in turn can cause other differences in behavior.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-18T11:37:45.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8615" CreationDate="2014-07-19T16:31:06.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check this approach Load Testing Your Email Server: How to Send and Receive E-mails with JMeter - &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-your-email-server-how-send-and-receive-e-mails-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-your-email-server-how-send-and-receive-e-mails-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-07-19T16:31:06.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9259" CreationDate="2014-07-20T05:12:44.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Must say never had success with this using an automated approach.  In the end always ended up using in cash terms more expert resource than cheaper eye ball resource. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with the last project where I saw this tried was the environment and application changes just came too quickly to gain from unchanged repeated testing; despite the client thinking the system was not very volatile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had many sites with lots of static display I might try a hybrid approach with high level automation to create a target issue list.  But I wouldn’t set my sights very high. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastEditorUserId="8310" LastEditDate="2014-07-20T05:18:48.740" LastActivityDate="2014-07-20T05:18:48.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9240" CreationDate="2014-07-20T09:57:41.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having done 23 years of performance tests including trouble shooting, correction, and rerun I can agree with testerab on long reports full of nice graphs that remained unread (and even if scanned certainly not understood).  Of course if you are a paid for third party, or even expendable employee, that report might be the only way you can justify your costs so you have an interest to make it fat.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To some degree of course your reporting depends on the findings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the testing does uncover issues, these are resolved (even if just workarounds to allow test completion), and then reruns show success the justification for a fat report to ensure findings are understood and can be implemented is fair enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what happens when the test simply works?  Tons of test planning, building, script engineering, sighter tests, formal tests, result validation - and the user says, well what a waste of time, always knew it would work.  Maybe a fat report could demonstrate your efforts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But ignoring justification I'd suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;short high level easily understood Management summary (include 'thank you's to any user who gave input: discussed SLA, demo'ed how they used it, participated in 'look and feel' testing, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;link to test plan.  Document &quot;changes from plan&quot; only if need to justify extra time or cost &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;brief precise numbered conclusions &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;brief precise numbered recommendations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;invitation to discuss&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and leave all the data available for browser viewing in a general repository. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8 pages at most including cover and content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTH&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastEditorUserId="8310" LastEditDate="2014-07-20T10:04:05.507" LastActivityDate="2014-07-20T10:04:05.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8288" CreationDate="2014-07-20T20:12:20.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might also want to take a look at Microsoft's &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286681%28v=vs.100%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Coded-UI&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;However, notice it requires Visual Studio Ultimate or Premium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8189" LastActivityDate="2014-07-20T20:12:20.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9257" CreationDate="2014-07-21T09:12:16.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just an funny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For sure many corporates are on previous IE releases as Niels said.  But a funny we found the other day was some javascript to set exceptions for IE.  Unfortunately the code was written long ago  and the routine would only work for IE versions up to 9.  It appeared the code was written for IE v4 and I guess the programmer never imagined his code would still be in use when IE 10 arrived.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just thinking that compatibility testing might reveal this type of bug which is only indirectly related to browser differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T09:12:16.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9272" CreationDate="2014-07-21T09:19:55.137" Score="2" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have now been conducting browser testing on our websites for over 4 years and are conducting a review on how we work. We split browser testing down in the following areas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional&lt;/strong&gt; - All keys processes should be tested to ensure they continue to work. Automated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rendering&lt;/strong&gt; - All sites should render in the same way on each browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability&lt;/strong&gt; - All sites should maintain the same standard of usability across each browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We find the quarterly checks on all sites to be time consuming, although have proven useful in maintain the standards of the site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does everybody else do? How important do you see browser testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2913" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:18:59.953" Title="Browser Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9259" CreationDate="2014-07-21T09:40:23.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have started to trial this - &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/qualitybots/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/p/qualitybots/&lt;/a&gt; A project from the Google test team, it's quite a good blog to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although at the moment, we heavily test using crossbrowsertesting.com and saucelabs. We split the testing of our websites on different browsers in to three different categories. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional&lt;/strong&gt; - Ensuring key process and functions of the sites work. Automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rendering&lt;/strong&gt; - Visual Test using cross browser tools, although we will be using automation to take the screen shots, to speed up the process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability&lt;/strong&gt; - All manual I am afraid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2913" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T09:40:23.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9268" CreationDate="2014-07-21T11:16:23.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work, there are three web applications that need to be maintained, with a fourth (which is intended to unify all three existing applications) in development. Each has a distinct purpose: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application 1 is an enterprise-level employee and payroll management web application used by both internal payroll specialists and externally by customers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application 2 is a much smaller site allowing individuals to view and print their paystubs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application 3 is an internal-facing portal for managing customers, schedules, and the like. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The new application is starting with App 2's functionality and will gradually integrate with, then replace App 1 and 3. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm the one and only test specialist here, responsible for all testing. My team is 10 people: me, 7 developers, and the leads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My plan is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional&lt;/strong&gt; - for the new app, build automated regression around key functionality as it is released and stabilized. For the existing applications, only App 1 gets manual regression testing, and then only for a small subset of key functions (due to time constraints). I plan to automate this as time permits.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appearance/Rendering&lt;/strong&gt; - this is not tested in a systematic fashion. I check all new features in the existing applications for consistency with the rest of the site (using all the supported browsers), then hope nothing changes it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability&lt;/strong&gt; - apart from testing that the shortcuts the applications are supposed to allow continue to function, this is not formally tested. The internal users of the applications are quick to notify the team when usability is an issue. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, I think you'll find that most places will automate functional testing as much as possible, and manually test appearance/rendering in different browsers. Usability testing will vary depending on whether the users are expected to be trained users or general public - for applications where the user base is the general public the specialist testers can often provide enough information about usability. With a user base of trained power users, it's often better to have them perform the usability tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T11:16:23.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9268" CreationDate="2014-07-21T11:50:13.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some things I've consider from a strategy point of view in various situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you move to a 'test based on change' approach?  Could you monitor the industry for software upgrades (of for example browsers) and new screens (with different dimensions and characteristics) and thus test in response to change as opposed to periodic testing?  Clearly you do monitor change to a degree because you have to upgrade tests to reflect these changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How closely do you monitor the system to try and discover issues as they occur.  Are all web server and application logs automatically monitored?  You can see indications of issues, users taking too long to perform a task, transactions abandoned, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you move the testing requirement on to your clients?  How easy could you make it for your clients to tell you about issues and problems?  And how do you thank them?  Entry into competition or a credit perhaps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you actively try to measure the impact the issues you have discovered in the past have had?  For example characterising issues by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;percentage clients impacted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;length of time existed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loss of revenue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estimated type of issue: outage, limited access methods, loss of&#xA;functionality, lack of usability, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be interesting and knowing the estimated cost of issues might be useful as part of your review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly every situation is unique and I know nothing of what you do so just some thoughts that I hope may stimulate further thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastEditorUserId="8310" LastEditDate="2014-07-21T11:57:13.770" LastActivityDate="2014-07-21T11:57:13.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9273" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-21T16:08:38.777" Score="3" ViewCount="20060" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am new to mobile testing. I want to configure appium for testing android applicaiton on Mac machine. Can someone provide the steps to do. And I want to using with selenium webdriver using Java.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-16T11:04:01.023" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T12:07:49.330" Title="Setup appium for Android on Mac osx 10.8.5" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-22T02:03:32.127" Score="2" ViewCount="2324" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just been wondering what mathematical skills I would need to become a software tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8325" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-07-22T10:55:41.913" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T13:15:13.427" Title="What mathematical skills does testing require?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-22T05:01:11.857" Score="3" ViewCount="992" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm on to an R &amp;amp; D task for testing the security vulnerabilities that can happen in a web application. I want to use an open source tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many type of vulnerabilities like Cross Site Scripting, Denial of Service, File Access, Format Validation, Mass Assignment, SQL Injection, Session Setting, etc. So, I would like to have a best fit cross platform tool to do penetration testing in a best possible way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've gone through &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6285/security-testing-of-web-application&quot;&gt;Security testing of web application&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5525/open-source-web-security-testing-tools&quot;&gt;Open source web security testing tools&lt;/a&gt;, and I found it useful. But, as it was posted a year ago, I would like to have an updated answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7069" LastEditorUserId="11488" LastEditDate="2021-05-16T10:57:42.000" LastActivityDate="2021-05-16T10:57:42.000" Title="Best Opensource Tool available for Security Testing of Web applications" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9274" CreationDate="2014-07-22T06:02:48.080" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kairu I wonder what has stimulated your question?  Why do you think that you need mathematical skills?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say the most important things in no particular order are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good broad IT understanding.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A logical (but not specifically mathematical) mind.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience of people using applications.  Try to be an end user yourself and use as many different applications as you can, and be critical.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good communication skills.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With the type of tools and applications available today, even if&#xA;limiting yourself to UI testing, you will need some level of programming skills.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Being a detective like Sherlock Holmes is very important.  Logical&#xA;thinking is vital.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appreciating you cannot do it all so knowing when to stop and thus&#xA;awareness of risk assessment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When looking at performance, my own specialist field, a knowledge of basic statistics is good.  Still amazes me the number of people who set or monitor Service Level Agreements (SLAs) who do not know the difference between a percentage and a percentile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I started out many years ago I arrived at IT because I studied mathematics.  I'm sure many ITers liked mathematics more than say literature.  But I do not think it is particularly relevant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T06:02:48.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9277" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9280" CreationDate="2014-07-22T07:18:47.687" Score="0" ViewCount="1299" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a situation in which I have to perform some action on one web page and their changes will reflect in the other web page. And after that I want to check whether changes are reflecting or not by visiting the other web page. So is their any way to achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point is both the web pages are of different application. I was willing to perform task on one web page in one tab and then opening other web page in other tab. If there is any other way to do this. kindly suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T12:34:01.533" Title="How to open a link in new tab and then coming back to previous tab in webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2014-07-22T07:55:14.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually i use this simple formula:&#xA; Cost to fix a defect =&#xA;(Number of people * number of days) * cost per person-day&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best,&#xA;Belal Raslan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8329" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T07:55:14.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9259" CreationDate="2014-07-22T08:00:00.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visual regression testing is getting a momentum as far as I can see. I started to collect information and do some basic testing with some of them. Here are a couple of places/tools you could check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thoughtworks.fileburst.com/assets/technology-radar-jan-2014-en.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Thoughtworks radar section on those tools&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;This has given rise to a variety of visual regression testing tools, including CSS Critic, dpxdt, Huxley, PhantomCSS, and Wraith&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T08:00:00.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9277" CreationDate="2014-07-22T10:40:35.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt; object to open a new tab. Perform a action who press and hold the &lt;code&gt;ctrl&lt;/code&gt; key and after that press the &lt;code&gt;t&lt;/code&gt; key. After that release all keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ctrl&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;t&lt;/code&gt; is the shortcut to open a new tab in the most browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To switch between the tabs you use the following shortcut: &lt;code&gt;ctrl&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;TAB&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-07-22T12:34:01.533" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T12:34:01.533" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9274" CreationDate="2014-07-22T11:29:38.690" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Nigel has already observed, software testing is a field where the most important skills tend to be difficult to quantify (good communication skills, for example). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, unless you're testing something that involves heavy mathematical lifting, you don't need more than high school level mathematical skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A knowledge of basic statistics is always good. So is being able to dig into a database and spot-check calculations (although my experience is that most of the challenge there is refining the data-set so that the calculations &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be performed by a human in a reasonable time-frame).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's some of the mathematical skills I've used in my testing career:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;basic arithmetic (usually checking totals and percentage calculations - for some reason I can't escape tax calcs...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;calculating averages and standard deviations (this is typically a once-and-done test for software that reports averages and SDs - it needs to be done to check that the calculation routines are correct, but after that the main concern is that the correct data gets used)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;calculating conversions - hours/minutes/seconds to decimal time is one I do a fair amount of at the moment. In my last position currency conversions were a big concern. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The logical skills (which can be classed as mathematical or not, depending on who's doing the classifications) I use include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tracing execution through code (by reading the code). You don't have to know how to program to do this, but it helps. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;building data sets - it's important to know which data sets exercise which paths through the application, and to be able to view the application as a set of logic gates (IF this condition applies, THEN do A)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;narrowing down problem reproduction. More often than not, the software I test does not have simple bugs. Usually there are multiple conditions, making the bugs appear intermittent. An example I ran into yesterday: if the organization allowed transaction records to have a specific type of linked item, &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; the transaction record had been entered by any user other than the currently logged in user &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; the transaction item did not have a linked property with 100% allocation, saving the transaction would copy all transaction lines entered by users other than the logged in user. Tracking that down took me a while.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Soft&quot; skills I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;communication skills - being able to get all the necessary information into a bug report is one thing. Phrasing the report in a way that isn't insulting to the programmer is another. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to learn quickly - this is one of the most important skills in my career. Very few testers work with simple applications - we need to be able to build up a broad domain knowledge very quickly, and then maintain and keep extending our knowledge base. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;switching between big-picture and detail thinking - this is another big one. Without the big picture, it's easy to lose track of how a feature should interact with other areas of the software and just focus on that feature. At the same time, the details have to be correct as well. A good tester can switch between both ways of thinking at need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;note-taking - that might sound mundane, but jotting down the important stuff can be a major help. I typically operate with two monitors, plus pen and paper at hand. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is all a long way from a complete list, but it should be enough to give you an idea of where mathematical skills fit in the overall testing picture. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T11:29:38.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9274" CreationDate="2014-07-22T12:54:55.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you test mathematical software, the most you would need is Algebra.  There are other skills you will need, but Algebra should cover the math part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T12:54:55.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9274" CreationDate="2014-07-22T13:27:38.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Statistics is probably a must in order to understand testing, for example the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday_problem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Birthday Paradox&lt;/a&gt; that can be used to reduce the number of tests, analyzing numerical results of tests and performance tests or planning stop conditions of test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some basic (or even more) Algebra and Combinatorics are also important for solving day to ay algorithmic problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T13:27:38.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9275" CreationDate="2014-07-22T14:46:09.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://portswigger.net/burp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Burp Suite&lt;/a&gt; and would recommend it for you, however the other answers in your linked answer are still valid and up to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="7069" LastEditDate="2014-07-23T07:18:02.270" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T07:18:02.270" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2014-07-22T18:59:53.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;RedGate Sql Compare and Sql Data Compare do not work on SQLite unfortunately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQLite Compare Utility &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/220018/SQLite-Compare-Utility&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/220018/SQLite-Compare-Utility&lt;/a&gt; works decent for schema differences, but wasn't very helpful for data differences in my situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would give my arm if Beyond Compare added support for Sql Server and SQLite comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8335" LastActivityDate="2014-07-22T18:59:53.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9287" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9295" CreationDate="2014-07-23T05:59:09.150" Score="0" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any fields that are enabled, disabled or pre-populated should do so without having the page post back. What does this post back means?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8336" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T12:25:28.117" Title="Any fields that are enabled, disabled or prepopulated should do so without having the page post back. What does this post back means?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9287" CreationDate="2014-07-23T06:43:50.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Online tranaction systems in general react to user demand.  When the user requests something the request can either be satisfied by the users client device or by that device sending a request (a GET or POST normally) to the centralised servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A request to the servers will require activity on the network (to get the request to and the answer from the servers), plus time on the servers (in your example a trivial update).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I imagine you are being asked in general not to initiate a server request for tivial changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this relates to your organisations development standards then you must do your best to adhere to those standards.  But be aware there will be times when trivial updates best serve the users needs or enhance security.  So there is not a hard and fast rule for all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps and that I've understood your point but if not do get back and we'll do our best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T06:43:50.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9252" CreationDate="2014-07-23T06:52:07.243" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coverage is &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; coverage &lt;em&gt;related to some model&lt;/em&gt;. This often gets skipped over, which leads to much confusion &quot;you said you had 100% coverage so how come there's a bug?!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're looking at unit tests, then it's possible to use code coverage as an indicator (there are tools that can measure what percentage of the lines in your code are exercised when the test suite is run. However, you should check out this StackOverflow answer on code coverage as a metric (it's not as simple as it sounds): &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/90021/471206&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/90021/471206&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're not looking at unit tests. You're looking at functional automation, at UI level. You could aim to cover every line of code via the UI, but that would be pointless, wasteful and slooooooooooooooooowwwwwww. At that level, you should probably be thinking about ... well, functionality. And there are quite a lot of different ways you could choose to model that. How will depend on what your client is &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; asking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's an excellent pair of articles that explain why coverage isn't so simple:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/articles/2008-10-GotYouCovered.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Got You Covered&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/articles/2008-11-CoverOrDiscover.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cover or Discover&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would suggest, is that you report several things to your client:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your coverage against unit and integration tests - though I would explain that 100% coverage isn't desirable, so that they understand you're aiming to test the important stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And your coverage against functional level tests, against the model you've chosen to use. That could be that you've identified the main workflows in the app, and have chosen to use your UI test suite to cover those. It could be some other model. Without a bit more information, it's hard to suggest what might be a good one (and that's also dependent on what's important to your client, so you do need to have a conversation with them too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, you'll need to explain why you chose that model, and why you think the results you achieved are a good balance of cost vs value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T06:52:07.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5330" CreationDate="2014-07-23T08:54:28.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a sample of working code - selecting sex by male and female radio buttons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/* load that webelement list of radio buttons. then follow the below code &amp;amp; logic */&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rdBtn_Sex = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;sex&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;// Create a boolean variable which will hold the value (True/False)&#xA;boolean bValue = false;&#xA;&#xA;// This statement will return True, in case of first Radio button is selected&#xA;bValue = rdBtn_Sex.get(0).isSelected();&#xA;&#xA;// This will check that if the bValue is True means if the first radio button is selected&#xA;if (bValue = true) {&#xA;     // This will select Second radio button, if the first radio button is selected by default&#xA;    rdBtn_Sex.get(1).click();&#xA;} else {&#xA;     // If the first radio button is not selected by default, the first will be selected&#xA;     rdBtn_Sex.get(0)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8339" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T01:17:22.677" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T01:17:22.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9275" CreationDate="2014-07-23T09:34:57.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no experience with security testing of web-applications. But if you look at   &lt;a href=&quot;http://alternativeto.net/software/burp-suite/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;alternatives to Burp&lt;/a&gt; which Sam Woods mentions. Then &lt;a href=&quot;http://w3af.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;w3af&lt;/a&gt; looks like a solid open-source alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;w3af is a Web Application Attack and Audit Framework. The project’s&#xA;  goal is to create a framework to help you secure your web applications&#xA;  by finding and exploiting all web application vulnerabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternativeto.net also lists some other open-source projects not mentioned in your linked lists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ironwasp.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ironwasp.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-23T09:49:49.673" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T09:49:49.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9294" CreationDate="2014-07-23T10:20:07.703" Score="4" ViewCount="3906" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example: The application show a list of results. Now we have a new feature: The list can be filtered. The user can use a &lt;strong&gt;search&lt;/strong&gt; input field and a &lt;strong&gt;date range&lt;/strong&gt; to filter the results. To cover all possible combinations with test cases, I create a matrix. For this simple example, they look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EM6Hg.png&quot; alt=&quot;Matrix&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel confident that this type of matrix has a specific name. How is the name? Test Case Combination Matrix?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After getting the keywords, I found a nice and large article by Michael Bolton about Pairwise Testing. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/pairwiseTesting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/pairwiseTesting.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-07-24T10:40:11.850" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T15:57:28.087" Title="What to call a matrix with all possible combinations?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;combinatorial-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9292" CreationDate="2014-07-23T11:49:59.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's just a representation of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I use it I call it Test cases, Test case matrix, Test Matrix or just tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, it is a great way to present data and test inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T11:49:59.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9292" CreationDate="2014-07-23T12:13:48.933" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is called a &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Combinatorial test matrix&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With more combinations the matrix could become infinitely large, have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pairwise.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pairwise Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to simplify this, but still have a high coverage with combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pairwise (a.k.a. all-pairs) testing is an effective test case generation technique that is based on the observation that most faults are caused by interactions of at most two factors. Pairwise-generated test suites cover all combinations of two therefore are much smaller than exhaustive ones yet still very effective in finding defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also there is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pairwise.org/tools.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;list of software tools&lt;/a&gt; to assist you with generating the pairwise matrix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we are playing with the free version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.berner-mattner.com/en/berner-mattner-home/products/cte/download.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CTE-XL&lt;/a&gt; , which looks pretty good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am interested in experience with other Pairwise testing tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-23T16:39:14.963" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T16:39:14.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9287" CreationDate="2014-07-23T12:25:28.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;postback&lt;/code&gt; (note it is one word) is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postback#In_web_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;term&lt;/a&gt; used by ASP and JSF to describe a form which post to the same URL. It is Microsoft's way to pretend that variables on a web page can interact with each other like in event-driven desktop application, but I found it confusing because I know what really happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SO has &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/183254/what-is-a-postback&quot;&gt;great explanation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For you it means that all widgets on the page should be enabled etc when page is first loaded, before clicking on submit button.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T12:25:28.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9296" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-23T12:39:58.450" Score="1" ViewCount="3718" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have Citrix XenApp and NetScaler and we want to load test this environment for capacity planning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normal use is that a user installs Citrix Receiver, which installs a plugin for his web browser (IE or Firefox), then types the server url to login through a web login form and then he can launch the desired application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Citrix Receiver isn't installed he cannot access the web login form which would indicate that it is not a standard web login form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Jmeter proxy, I captured all the requests being sent out while performing the login operation. I try to replay the scenario but I get a &quot;403 forbidden error&quot;. I made sure to capture cookies generated for the session as well as sending exact similar headers and data but it doesn't seem to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone managed to make this work Jmeter vs Citrix through web interface ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: There is an ICA plugin for Jmeter but it looks like it is made as to work with a desktop Citrix client, not web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8341" LastActivityDate="2020-02-07T20:36:46.433" Title="Using Jmeter to load test a Citrix web platform" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9296" CreationDate="2014-07-23T16:48:04.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our old friend Citrix.  We’ve done quite a few Citrix performance tests over the years.  Always technically challenging to script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Youssef if I understand you correctly, I think your problem is that Citrix Receiver doesn't work the way you seem to think it does. It isn't a Web App, in the sense that it is communicating mouse clicks and key strokes in a form that you can usefully capture via the Jmeter proxy and then replay. The comprehensible HTTP(S) traffic just serves to set up the connection, at the end of which a Citrix ICA file containing one time only passwords is downloaded. Thereafter, the Receiver behaves pretty much as if Citrix is on the Desktop, and your load testing tool needs to do likewise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do let me know if that is not the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T16:48:04.143" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9298" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9312" CreationDate="2014-07-23T17:30:54.810" Score="0" ViewCount="7053" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overview of the problem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to update test execution statuses of tests that are not automated (i.e. test scripts that cover multiple manual test cases), but I am having problems doing this via the ALM API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, I am trying to do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;automation_test_set_for_release =&amp;gt; test_script =&amp;gt; test_case_1 (Passed!  Mark the status in manual_test_set_for_release\test_case_1)&#xA;                                                  test_case_2 (Passed!  Mark the status in manual_test_set_for_release\test_case_2)&#xA;                                                  test_case_3 (Failed!  Mark the status in manual_test_set_for_release\test_case_3)&#xA;manual_test_set_for_release =&amp;gt; test_case_1 (Passed, because test_script marked this case as passed)&#xA;                               test_case_2 (Passed, because test_script marked this case as passed)&#xA;                               test_case_3 (Failed, because test_script marked this case as failed)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason we want to do this is because we have a large number of test cases covered by a smaller number of test scripts, so the count of coverage seems artificially low versus actual coverage and the team would like to break out individual test case statuses if at all possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where I'm stuck&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can drill down into a specific test set's test instance by using the following query:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;GET http://host:port/qcbin/rest/domains/domain/projects/project/test-instances?query={cycle-id[55080];test-id[27322]}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give me the details of the test (all of the fields related to that test set's test instance.  If I use the same URL to attempt to PUT new data, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot; standalone=&quot;yes&quot;?&amp;gt;&amp;lt;Entity Type=&quot;test-instance&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;Fields&amp;gt;&amp;lt;Field Name=&quot;status&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;Value&amp;gt;Failed&amp;lt;/Value&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/Field&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/Fields&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/Entity&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am returned a failure with a stack trace, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;QCRestException&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;Id&amp;gt;qccore.general-error&amp;lt;/Id&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;Title&amp;gt;java.lang.ClassCastException@381ee243&amp;lt;/Title&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;StackTrace&amp;gt;java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.lang.ClassCastException@381ee243&#xA;at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor395.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)&#xA;.....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a feeling that the &lt;strong&gt;?query=&lt;/strong&gt; portion of my URL is causing the issue, but I do not know of another way to update a specific test set's test instance execution status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better way to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4784" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T11:26:45.887" Title="ALM/QC API - Update test execution in a test set?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9273" CreationDate="2014-07-23T19:07:32.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;While working on several projects I've described the following procedure to install Appium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download Android SDK&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;https://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract Android SDK to /usr/local/adt/&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;unzip -qo adt-bundle-*.zip -d /usr/local/adt&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Set ANDROID_HOME and JAVA_HOME environment variables&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;export ANDROID_HOME=/usr/local/adt/sdk&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add ANDROID_HOME and JAVA_HOME to sh profile (in order not to set them every time)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;echo &quot;export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home)&quot; &amp;gt;&amp;gt; ~/.bash_profile&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;echo &quot;export ANDROID_HOME=/usr/local/adt/sdk&quot; &amp;gt;&amp;gt; ~/.bash_profile&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Install Android build and platform tools&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;$ANDROID_HOME/tools/android update sdk --no-ui --obsolete --force&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goto some directory and get Appium framework&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;git clone https://github.com/appium/appium.git&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure Appium for Android&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;cd appium&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;./reset.sh --android --selendroid --verbose&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Start Appium server with&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;node .&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free ask me if you any issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T19:07:32.340" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="448" CreationDate="2014-07-23T19:39:15.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked in product development and quality assurance in three different industries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Justifying QA is an education and organizational maturity issue. The value of dedicated QA varies depending on the size of the team (specialization of roles) and the risk associated with problems in the software. Some teams cannot justify it. Every project is unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the need for dedicated QA comes down to two things:&#xA;1) Perspective and Risk.&#xA;It is easy to say everyone should check their own work, however this is a utopian construct similar to saying your kid should grade their own math homework. Developers are by nature of their work are almost always removed from the user and product perspective that is critical to good QA. The nature of their job requires them to focus on drilling down into the detail of complex logic problems. If they are providing good code and good throughput, most developers will not be able to also do good QA. Most people can indentify with writing a research paper or thesis, and how when you come back to it after doing something else for several days you to see significant issues in your writing. Developers do not have the luxury of letting code sit around for a few days while they shoot hoops and then look at it with &quot;fresh eyes&quot;, and they rarely have the perspective of the end user or client. It isn't even fair to ask them to do their own QA. They are super smart people, but they are not magicians. If the risk of problems in the software is important to your company/product/clients, then how QA is executed needs to be an ongoing discussion during development.&#xA;2) Turnaround time and build cycles.&#xA;If you want rapid iterations of releases and builds, you will need simultaneous development and testing. It is not possible to code, QA, fix, and QA fixes with fast turnaround without some specialization of roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who should do it then?&#xA;A good transition step to a full staff allocation for dedicated software QA is to combine it with a business analyst or product role. Business analysis and testing are two sides of the same coin. Verification of can be done by most anyone with some distance from the code and familiarity with the SDLC of the team, but true validation requires someone on the product side that has the perspective of the end user at the forefront of their mind. Bringing someone from the product side into close collaboration with a software team is a beautiful thing. This person really needs to decide to become an extension of the development team, and learn the way things work on the development side. A good QA person winds up doing a lot of BA in reverse anyway, just to model information to make things testable and consumable by developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A last thing to consider is &quot;testing&quot; vs. &quot;QA&quot;. Testing is a task, is more easily outsourced, and depending on the work can be completed by developers with some success. On the other hand, QA is a profession/career, and incorporates a lot of testing but takes on a lot of holistic perspective. If you have ever worked in a regulatory driven, manufacturing, healthcare, or financial organization you know QA is a whole profession even without a line of code. In quality professions this is often articulated as quality control vs. quality assurance, and is worth a 10-minute Google tour of the subject matter. Calling QA &quot;testing&quot; really takes it down a bunch of notches, but it might be the best way get your foot in the door with your management team. The value of testing is more tangible to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps (may take multiple iterations, perhaps over months or a couple years: &#xA;1) Define the requirements or user stories or their equivalent for each software iteration. Leverage your business analyst if you have one. This is actually far more valuable than dedicated QA.&#xA;2) Define QA deliverables to ensure these are met and divvy them up across the team so the deliverables themselves become justified, regardless of who does them.&#xA;3) Engage management in discussions about intelligent use of resources based on skill set. Many managers figure out they need to keep their developers coding and it is easier to have someone else do the QA. After a while, in many environments it becomes clear you need someone who is dedicated to the profession to do a really good job. Your project and company will have unique needs, and these will become clear over time. &#xA;4) Sometimes the company culture or the education barrier just cannot be overcome. If you are passionate about good product, and your management team is unwilling work toward that end you might be in the wrong company. Software has an intangible quality, and many companies just can't wrap their heads around the unique challenges in the industry. If you find you are speaking a different language and people are not understanding you, you may have outgrown your environment and need to move on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8345" LastActivityDate="2014-07-23T19:39:15.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9303" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10096" CreationDate="2014-07-24T05:20:29.390" Score="3" ViewCount="522" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are an agile software development boutique. We use Kanban to keep our project running. &#xA;We do Test Driven development, so don't have a separate testing phase. &#xA;But we do some manual testing called Exploratory testing. So I wanted to know if other teams follow the same or they have a specific time and phase for exploratory testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8350" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T07:14:50.413" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T07:14:50.413" Title="Where in the process is Exploratory Testing executed?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9308" CreationDate="2014-07-24T09:11:19.027" Score="0" ViewCount="1477" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium Grid and noticed that I can configure the seleniumProtocol parameter for the different capabilities in the Node. I can chose between &lt;em&gt;WebDriver&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Excerpt from my node.json&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;capabilities&quot;:&#xA;  [&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;chrome&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;WINDOWS&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 5,&#xA;      &quot;seleniumProtocol&quot;: &quot;WebDriver&quot;&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;firefox&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;WINDOWS&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 205&#xA;      &quot;seleniumProtocol&quot;: &quot;Selenium&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;firefox_binary&quot;=&quot;.\\firefox-22\\firefox.exe&quot;&#xA;    }&#xA;  ]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are the differences between those two options?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I couldn't jet find any relevant notes in the internet or the selenium grid wiki.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8352" LastActivityDate="2014-11-05T16:33:11.323" Title="Difference between WebDriver and Selenium in Selenium Grid Node Configuration" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9303" CreationDate="2014-07-24T09:18:27.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well In our company we follow cmmi level 3 processes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exploratory is done after complete functional testing which consist of negative and positive testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When We receive a build of any web based or mobile based application this process we generally use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Smoke testing of the build :- Which consist a short positive flow of application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Functional testing:- Which consist of all negative and positive testing using test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Exploratory testing:- This type of testing is done for extra scenarios which occurs to a tester during functional testing, it may be done out of scope of requirement to check how application is behaving, but before it a functional testing is needed to run all positive and negative test cases on build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8353" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T09:18:27.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-24T09:24:21.717" Score="0" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any checklist to do installation testing of a web based application ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8353" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T11:31:14.400" Title="Installation testing of a web based application on developed .net platform" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9307" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9309" CreationDate="2014-07-24T09:39:24.507" Score="0" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I have to create manual test cases for a feature with 64 different combinations. I think it is not useful to create test cases for all of them. How do I find the most important combinations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think about border cases, but it is very hard to identify them. A other idea is to ask the business analyst what the most used combinations are. The feature is not online, so it would just be assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To automate them is no option - at the moment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:54:53.833" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:54:53.833" Title="Pairwise Testing - How do you find the most important cases?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;pairwise-testing&gt;&lt;combinatorial-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9304" CreationDate="2014-07-24T09:48:45.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Selenium Grid and Node is downward compatible. It works with Selenium 1 and Selenium 2 / WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;seleniumProtocol&lt;/code&gt; parameters define for what version of Selenium the configuration apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium&lt;/code&gt; = Selenium 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; = Selenium 2 / WebDriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T09:48:45.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9307" CreationDate="2014-07-24T11:25:18.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are tools that will generate a set of tests that cover every combination at least once without hitting all possible combinations (these work on the principle that most bugs will be surfaced by exercising pairs of settings). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the feature hasn't gone live, your business analyst is probably your best reference for the combinations that are most likely to be used. Depending on your customer base, you can probably start from the assumption that the feature will  be most likely to be used with the default settings (Someone once did this - they asked Word users to send in their config files so they could analyze them and determine the most used options. What they found was that overwhelmingly most &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uie.com/brainsparks/2011/09/14/do-users-change-their-settings/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;people went with the defaults&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there, I'd look at settings that make sense for known users of other features: say you know that users of Feature A overwhelmingly have Application Setting X enabled. You also know that with Application Setting X, the new feature will only work with Feature Settings 1, 5, and 9 enabled. That's obviously a combination you need to cover. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if the new feature is independent of other application settings, that isn't relevant (with the caveat that I've found some really interesting bugs where settings should be independent and aren't...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without a pairwise testing tool to generate combinations, I'd analyze the settings myself as well, to try to determine the most likely to be used. After that, I'd look at building a set of tests that covers each setting in combination at least once. For on-off settings my starting points would be all on and all off, then a selection of on and off combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, with four independent on-off settings A, B, C, D, I'd look at these mixes (in order, 1 is on, 0 is off):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1-1-1-1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;0-0-0-0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1-0-1-0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;0-1-0-1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is pretty arbitrary and gets more... interesting when you have dependent settings and multi-valued settings. In those cases, I'd look to boundaries and dependencies as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T11:25:18.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9306" CreationDate="2014-07-24T11:31:14.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is &quot;No.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The slightly longer answer is &quot;The testing needed depends on the application.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The things you need to cover in installation testing will vary depending on (not a complete list):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which operating systems the application supports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It being web-based, which web servers the application supports (IIS, Apache, etc...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any other dependencies the application has (including and not limited to database engines, file system interfacing...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The degree of automated setup in the installer. One-click installers will have different testing than more manual install processes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The browsers and browser version the application supports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-07-24T11:31:14.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9298" CreationDate="2014-07-24T13:47:21.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I figured it out&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had to pull the &quot;id&quot; value from the GET query and use that on the following PUT call:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PUT http://[host]:[port]/qcbin/rest/domains/[mydomain]/projects/[myproject]/test-instances/[id_from_GET_call]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only then could I set the value of &quot;status&quot; successfully.  I think the problem was you have to have one point of reference on a PUT call, whereas the &lt;strong&gt;?query=&lt;/strong&gt; call was taking ALL test-instances and filtering on a specific one.  This was now how to do it, so I'm glad I figured it out :)  Hope this helps others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4784" LastEditorUserId="4535" LastEditDate="2018-04-12T11:26:45.887" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T11:26:45.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-25T15:02:38.507" Score="6" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've around 10+ years of experience in Banking operations including  reconciliations, sales, customer services, asset management, and financial transaction QA.  Coming to academics I've done my PG in commerce (costing, auditing, banking, and statistics) also a diploma in project management, ISTQB foundation, Prince 2 foundation and ITIL foundation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one advise me if the testing role is ideal for me and how to start with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8364" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T11:33:34.500" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T15:00:42.530" Title="Career Change in to Testing" Tags="&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9314" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-25T18:46:40.987" Score="0" ViewCount="272" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a class which takes a message with payload String.&#xA;The payload is then split and used to create an Entity which is passed to DAOInterface to persist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can you test the call &lt;code&gt;daoInterface.insert(entity)&lt;/code&gt; has been made? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To Mock the DAOInterface and then verify the call to DAO requires the entity in the test class which you dont have i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;verify(daoInterface).insert(entity);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this bad design i.e. creating the entity at this stage? Should the Sting[] split be passed to the DAOImplementaion and initialized there. Example problem,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ServiceClass {&#xA;&#xA;    @AutoWire&#xA;    private DAOInterface daoInterface;&#xA;&#xA;    public void serviceMessage(Message&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; message) {&#xA;&#xA;        MessageHeaders mh = new MessageHeaders(message.getHeaders());       &#xA;        String[] split = ((String) mh.get(&quot;payload&quot;)).split(&quot;_&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        code omitted&#xA;        ...&#xA;&#xA;        String type = mh.get(&quot;WhatType&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Entity entity = new Entity(split[0], split[1], split[2]);&#xA;&#xA;        if (type.equals(&quot;one&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            daoInterface.insert(entity); //How to verify this call?&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (type.equals(&quot;two&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                doaInterface.modify(entity); //How to verify this call?&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8367" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T10:16:08.620" Title="Testing Verify Method Call Without Argument In Test Class" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9313" CreationDate="2014-07-25T19:59:10.447" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can any one advice me the testing role is ideal for me and how to&#xA;  start with please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might wish to inquire with your current company if there is a QA position available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Internal transfers are a great way to launch a new career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-07-25T19:59:10.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9021" CreationDate="2014-07-26T16:09:03.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find some mobile testing workshops nearby using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.meetup.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MeetUp&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please also tell are you interested in manual testing or automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2014-07-26T16:09:03.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9321" CreationDate="2014-07-28T09:29:07.843" Score="5" ViewCount="19173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have googled many times but still not understand clearly about interface testing in software testing, who can explain this , many thanks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7099" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2014-08-11T13:28:12.240" LastActivityDate="2019-10-18T06:31:53.020" Title="What is the difference between integration and interface tests?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9314" CreationDate="2014-07-28T09:30:53.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can verify &lt;code&gt;daoInterface.insert&lt;/code&gt; is called with &lt;code&gt;verify(daoInterface).insert(anyObject());&lt;/code&gt;, but you have to mock DaoInterface first with &lt;code&gt;DaoInterface db = mock(DaoInterface.class);&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;verify(daoInterface).insert(entity);&lt;/code&gt; will fail all the time because entity object from verify's argument and entity inside &lt;code&gt;serviceMessage()&lt;/code&gt; are different instance. Instead, you can implement an entity matcher to make sure entity contents are match,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class EntityMatcher extends ArgumentMatcher&amp;lt;Entity&amp;gt; {&#xA;    private Entity mEntity;&#xA;&#xA;    public EntityMatcher(Entity entity) {&#xA;        mEntity = entity;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public boolean matches(Object argument) {&#xA;        Entity entity = (Entity)argument;&#xA;&#xA;        if (mEntity.equals(entity)) {&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A working test example can be,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void test() {&#xA;    DaoInterface db = mock(DaoInterface.class);&#xA;&#xA;    ServiceClass service = new ServiceClass(db);&#xA;    service.serviceMessage(&quot;a_b_c&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    verify(db).insert(argThat(new EntityMatcher(&#xA;        new Entity(&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;)&#xA;    )));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastActivityDate="2014-07-28T09:30:53.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9317" CreationDate="2014-07-28T09:48:02.250" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I take a look into the ISTQB glossary and found this two definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;interface testing:&lt;/strong&gt; An integration test type that is concerned with&#xA;  testing the interfaces between components or systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;integration testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Testing performed to expose defects in the&#xA;  interfaces and in the interactions between integrated components or&#xA;  systems. See also component integration testing, system integration&#xA;  testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/viewcategory/20.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/viewcategory/20.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some research I also found this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration tests means hardware and software tests. The whole system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interface tests do only check the software components like data transfers between the applications / modules.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-07-28T11:08:40.820" LastActivityDate="2014-07-28T11:08:40.820" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9320" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-28T10:59:40.817" Score="3" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I sometimes have a temptation to report some entries from our logs on public fora like StackExchange to get help form the wider community on isolating root causes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I rather refrain from that because they may reveal some details about my employer. This is particularly the case for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;error messages in stacktraces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;emails, IPs, algorithms used in email headers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you obfuscate such details before publishing them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you recommend any automated obfuscators?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-07-28T13:39:45.887" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T15:05:52.020" Title="Obfuscating logs before publishing" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9317" CreationDate="2014-07-28T11:09:17.780" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have some choices here.  You can go with formal definitions like the ISTQB definition, or you can treat the definitions the way your organization handles them. Software testing is a field where definitions tend to vary depending on the understanding of the team and how they work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, in my experience interface testing can be one of two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &lt;em&gt;type&lt;/em&gt; of integration test that focuses on the interface between components/systems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test of a &lt;em&gt;defined&lt;/em&gt; interface into a component or system. This is usually the kind of interface testing I've done (I've also seen this called API testing). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration testing is generally what it says on the box: testing integrated components or systems to exercise the interactions between them and flush out any bugs. I've also seen integration testing used to describe testing interactions between the application in test and third party systems (where this could also be considered API testing of the AIT's use of the third party API).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, I tend not to focus on the official definitions because in my experience the official definitions are often modified in the field by the needs of the application in test and the testers working with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-07-29T11:03:11.793" LastActivityDate="2014-07-29T11:03:11.793" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9325" CreationDate="2014-07-28T12:53:42.087" Score="1" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a new tester and I am working with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jautomate.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JAutomate&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find it annoying to keep taking new pictures for every new recording you do in the tool and in the end it will also take a lot of memory space. So I wonder if any of you out there has experiences with this tool and maybe has knowledge about how to reuse Imagen of the same objects so that you don´t end up with a zillion pictures of the same Save button for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in short I wish to create some kind of pictures library and be able to connect my scripts with this library so that I can reuse pictures and save memory space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8377" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-28T19:23:43.280" LastActivityDate="2014-07-28T20:23:54.167" Title="Building reusable image libraries for JAutomate (a GUI Testing tool)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;image-based-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9322" CreationDate="2014-07-28T19:20:03.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you read the manual? &lt;a href=&quot;http://jautomate.com/wp-content/uploads/JAutomateManual.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jautomate.com/wp-content/uploads/JAutomateManual.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chapter 11 writes about all kind of libraries, including an image library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;11.3. Image Library&lt;/strong&gt; Place reusable images in the Image Library. Images in the Image Library can be easily  and quickly inserted into any&#xA;  script. Use the Add to Image Library menu option to add  new images to&#xA;  the library. You may also copy/paste steps from any script into the&#xA;  Image  Library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you are on the right track. You only want one image per button/element in the application. If the style of the application changes you do not want to update a zillion images. Also you don't want to repeat the same combination of steps in a row. Make sure you also use the described steps library for any steps you repeat over and over again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since its a commercial product, I would &lt;a href=&quot;http://jautomate.com/contact/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;contact support&lt;/a&gt; for extra training or pointers about how to use the image library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-28T20:23:54.167" LastActivityDate="2014-07-28T20:23:54.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="743" CreationDate="2014-07-28T20:04:16.157" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd hit up &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codenomicon.com/defensics/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Codenomicon Defensics&lt;/a&gt;. They discovered Heartbleed so u know they're legit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8385" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-07-30T07:53:08.987" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T07:53:08.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9320" CreationDate="2014-07-28T20:13:37.617" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When publishing data into the public you should always anonymize the data, not only log-files. Also e-mails, documents, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try the open-source Python based &lt;a href=&quot;http://bitbucket.cassidiancybersecurity.com/log-anon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;log-anon&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This tool was designed to replace sensitive fields in customer's logs&#xA;  with anonymized values, while generating a lookup table. This is&#xA;  sometimes useful to comply with the following requirements: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Logs are&#xA;  stored for research or training purposes after the log analysis job&#xA;  has been completed, and no data that allows identification of the&#xA;  customer should be present. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Privacy laws (ex. informatique et&#xA;  libertés) or regulations prevent the customer from giving over&#xA;  sensitive or personal data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look at the examples, it looks promising. You should be able to make a JSON definition of all the stuff you want to anonymize and keep re-using it on your log-files. Be sure to manual check some parts of the file before sending it out. Checking everything might be impossible for extremely large log-files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-07-28T20:13:37.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9330" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-30T02:02:31.917" Score="4" ViewCount="853" Body="&lt;p&gt;My current setup is using Jenkins as my CI environment, which has some ubuntu server nodes to execute the end to end browser tests on some amazon EC2 machines using selenium 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if there exist limitations running tests using Xvfb, as oppose to using a real X server hooked up to a real display.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the pros and cons of doing headless browser testing on a Linux machine using X virtual frame buffer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8393" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T18:32:56.753" Title="Headless browser testing using X virtual frame buffer" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9332" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-30T10:26:55.567" Score="0" ViewCount="2036" Body="&lt;p&gt;We upgraded  captcha  in our application to use images instead of  letters&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In the previous version I could fill the captcha field with a specific token to pass my the validation. &#xA;Since now there is no such field i need to find an other way to pass the same value for validation. &#xA;Is there a way to do that  using  selenium webdriver ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am updating the description&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My tests run on  a test enviroment not the actual production site , I already have a String to pass the capcha test. &#xA;Basicly what i need to do is set the parameter thats been posted to the server for captcha validation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastEditorUserId="635" LastEditDate="2014-08-01T10:14:13.863" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T10:14:13.863" Title="Selenium picture Captha validation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9332" CreationDate="2014-07-30T16:57:38.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your test environment, you need your developers to enable some way of bypassing the captcha.  You need to make sure that is only available in your test environment.  There are a lot of ways of doing it, commonly it is you typing in a specific string that is recognized by the system to bypass it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T16:57:38.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9332" CreationDate="2014-07-30T16:59:57.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can, talk with the developers. They could quickly develop something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If test environment, than accept a specific input oft the captcha; else accept only the real solution of the captcha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the most cases exist a config file for things like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind, that captchas exist to prevent automation. So I think you has no other option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-07-30T16:59:57.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9336" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9420" CreationDate="2014-07-30T18:21:30.083" Score="4" ViewCount="5590" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are choosing what system to start using in our company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it should be used for both backend (REST API, some DB checks) and UI testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it should use a simple language so even non-programmers/tester can understand the test cases (Product Owners should be able to see whether all acceptance criteria are covered)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it should support integration with Jenkins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it should support versioning of test cases so that for a particular product version we also can check out relevant test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;right now we use TestRail (test case management SW); so would be nice if it integrates with it (at least it is possible to program it so send test results there) or completely replaces it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas, experience?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8366" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-07-31T10:13:26.130" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T12:20:06.417" Title="Fitnesse vs Robot" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9336" CreationDate="2014-07-30T21:42:19.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium/Python is what we use and are very happy with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re #1: You can write tests in pure Python (without Selenium) to test   rest/DB and run them using same test runner. Test are just python programs using Selenium libraries or whatever else you need. And there are libraries for anything &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt; ever needed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re #2: Python is famously easy to read. Our own problem area experts can read code even if they cannot write it. All they took is free online Python course on Codecademy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re #3: yes.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re #4: source code for test cases are in same subversion repository as the application, so they are in sync. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re #5: No idea,   sorry.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Ok I read about &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot_Framework&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot in wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; and I can see why you are comparing to Fitnesse. We used Fitnesse before (and still maintain huge codebase of tests, which we plan to convert to plain Selenium in some distant future). Like Fitnesse, it uses tabular &quot;language&quot; to allow &quot;non-programmer end users&quot; to write tests. And IMHO in 10 years, like Fitnesse users (including us), Robot users will realize that non-programmer end users are &lt;strong&gt;absolutely not interested in writing tests&lt;/strong&gt; - they prefer to hire programmers to do that. And programmers &lt;strong&gt;vastly prefer flexible universal programming language&lt;/strong&gt; like Python, instead of some contraption with limited use, usability and extendability. Language which you extend any way your application requires, not limited by API for plugins or whatever you have. Language which has many tools and huge user community, instead of obscure niche. And this big community will steal any ideas worth stealing from other testing tools and integrate them to the tool they use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; is draft W3C standard for browser automation. Developed and used by Google, Facebook and Mozilla. So I feel pretty confident that after dust settles, this time I made a bet on right technology :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can find few people on Stack Overflow who like anything under the sun. Most Selenium users do not care for either Robot or Fitnesse - and like me, mostly they know &lt;strong&gt;why&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-08-04T14:49:49.337" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T14:49:49.337" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-07-31T08:08:38.963" Score="0" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for a browser which can be set to send requests one at a time ( and thus not in parallel as normally is the case).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone knows of a browser with this option I'd be very grateful.  If not I guess it'll be down to playing with open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?  It relates to testing network traffic drivers.  Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T11:18:54.690" Title="Single threaded browser" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9259" CreationDate="2014-07-31T12:04:06.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out this tool &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/NaviNet/Robot-AppEyes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/NaviNet/Robot-AppEyes&lt;/a&gt; - a Robot Framework library that uses a cloud based provider to perform the 'human eyes' visual verification part. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The expected results / baselines are set using a Web GUI it even allows for verification of a region based on its element locator - this I found very cool!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone using Selenium2Library can simply add the Robot library and call the verification during your existing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8407" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T12:04:06.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9259" CreationDate="2014-07-31T13:25:42.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned before, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.applitools.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Applitools Eyes&lt;/a&gt; is a service which does exactly that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No more pixel comparisons and histograms and thresholds. Applitools have proprietary algorithms which analyse the screen and determine whether a screenshot matches the baseline. And they do a very good job at it. If you really want, you can also set a &quot;human&quot; level for comparison, e.g., you can use &quot;layout&quot; instead of &quot;strict&quot; to make sure that the two screenshots have a similar structure but not necessarily have the same contents. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The very cool Robot framework mentioned in &lt;em&gt;stephenb&lt;/em&gt;'s answer is actually built over Applitools python SDK, and Applitools also have their own SDKs for most of the popular programming languages (Python, Ruby, Java, C#..).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You view your test results over the web, and Applitools also provide automatic maintenance of the test results which no other tools provides. So, for example, if you mark a region as a dynamic region, Applitools will automatically identify and mark that region as dynamic in other steps of the test, and even in other baselines (different form factors) for the same test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8404" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T13:25:42.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2014-07-31T14:16:30.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you want to achieve is called automated visual regression / validation tests.&#xA;Test automation tools such as Selenium or its wrappers (Protractor) only provide the automation part - and you are correct in wishing for visual validation of the page display.&#xA;As you mentioned - you need the following elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version control - to define a baseline that represents approved results and the sets of current results to compare against&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment information - the ability to manage baselines per environment (OS, Web Browser type, viewport size - i.e. dimensions, device, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration with automation framework - essentially you want to keep your existing tests untouched - and only take a screenshot now and then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Image comparison - you want to avoid primitive pixel by pixel comparison as most of your tests will fail. You also want different comparison modes - i.e. - ignore changes that are undetectable to the human eye, or ignore changes that are proportionate to the page layout (picture a case when you change the language in the page - why should the test fail if everything behaved properly?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to define dynamic regions that should be ignored&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support for iFrames&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last but not least: easy maintenance. If you made a legitimate change to the page - and all the tests failed (as they should) - you want to approve the change only once and have it automatically approved across all the steps. Otherwise you're facing the nightmare of going through all your tests and approving it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As @user3210346 mentioned - pay a little money and use &lt;a href=&quot;http://applitools.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Applitools&lt;/a&gt; - as they are currently the only company that provides all of what I mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had great experience with their product and they are very inclined to listen and add capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8405" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T14:16:30.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9339" CreationDate="2014-07-31T23:11:42.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can change the max connections per domain for many browsers by adding a dword entry to your registry under&#xA;'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\'&#xA;DWORD 'MaxConnectionsPerServer'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The value should be however many connections you want to use, in your case it would be 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a walkthrough for Chrome (should also work for IE, and not sure about other browsers):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ehow.com/how_12169537_change-number-simultaneous-downloads-chrome.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ehow.com/how_12169537_change-number-simultaneous-downloads-chrome.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-07-31T23:11:42.543" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9745" CreationDate="2014-08-01T01:14:38.807" Score="6" ViewCount="2538" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know if there is a framework in Python which supports a clean way to define the Page Object Elements on a Page Object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/natritmeyer/site_prism&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;site_prism&lt;/a&gt; gem does it like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Home &amp;lt; SitePrism::Page&#xA;  set_url &quot;/index.htm&quot;&#xA;  set_url_matcher /google.com\/?/&#xA;  element :search_field, &quot;input[name='q']&quot;&#xA;  element :search_button, &quot;button[name='btnK']&quot;&#xA;  elements :footer_links, &quot;#footer a&quot;&#xA;  section :menu, MenuSection, &quot;#gbx3&quot;&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;class MenuSection &amp;lt; SitePrism::Section&#xA;  element :search, &quot;a.search&quot;&#xA;  element :images, &quot;a.image-search&quot;&#xA;  element :maps, &quot;a.map-search&quot;&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of a Python package which gives me something similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/natritmeyer/site_prism&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;site_prism&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cheezy/page-object&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;page_object&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8116" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T12:36:45.747" Title="Page Object Design: Is there a Python equivalent to Ruby gems &quot;site_prism&quot; or &quot;page_object&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9346" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9407" CreationDate="2014-08-01T01:21:45.983" Score="0" ViewCount="1748" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the unit test gurus, more than one or two assertions about different things in a unit test is an anti-pattern: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4732827/continuing-in-pythons-unittest-when-an-assertion-fails#4733120&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4732827/continuing-in-pythons-unittest-when-an-assertion-fails#4733120&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I generally agree with this answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what about integration/functional tests, such as Selenium automated browser tests? Let's say there's a bunch of setup to get the application in the state where assertions can be made. Then the page must change state again after the assertions to take it to another state where more assertions are made?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better to have all that setup in a fixture and run multiple tests, doing each assertion in a separate test method? This is cleaner, more focused, and easier to figure out assertion failures, but a bit pedantic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then what about strategies to continue on assertions failures, which I find useless since if an earlier assertion failed, it makes later assertions questionable. xunit frameworks don't generally allow this natively, while functional test frameworks like Robot Framework do. Is it OK to do this in your opinion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is generally considered end-to-end automation best-practice in these areas by the pros?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T19:47:32.607" Title="Multiple Assertions and Continue on Assertion Failures in Functional Test an Anti-pattern?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9345" CreationDate="2014-08-01T02:17:48.543" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had great success with holmium.core &lt;a href=&quot;http://holmiumcore.readthedocs.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://holmiumcore.readthedocs.org/en/latest/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7951" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T02:17:48.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9348" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9357" CreationDate="2014-08-01T09:54:13.797" Score="-1" ViewCount="62319" Body="&lt;p&gt;working on selenium + java,. can any one help me...&#xA;I have a drop down list box, and need to get the number of elements in the list box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;id&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;need to get the count, ie, 3..... thanks and in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8264" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T14:42:44.447" Title="how to get the count of elements in list box" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-02-18T10:23:29.480" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7936" CreationDate="2014-08-01T19:02:21.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the method I use to take screenshots using webdriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; private void takeScreenShot(EPropertiesNames path, Integer... screenID)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    File directory = createFolder(path);&#xA;    try {&#xA;        // Toma la captura de imagen&#xA;        File imagen = ((TakesScreenshot) accesoWeb.getDriver()).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(directory.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;        sb.append(&quot;\\&quot;);&#xA;        sb.append(testMethodName);&#xA;        if (screenID.length &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;            sb.append(&quot;_&quot;);&#xA;            sb.append(screenID[0]);&#xA;        }&#xA;        sb.append(&quot;.png&quot;);&#xA;        FileUtils.copyFile(imagen, new File(sb.toString()));&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;Screenshot taken: &quot; + testMethodName);&#xA;    } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;        logger.error(&quot;Error taking screenshot on error&quot;, e);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;private File createFolder(EPropertiesNames folderPath)&#xA;{&#xA;    String path = PropertiesManager.getInstance().getProperty(folderPath);&#xA;    File directoryDate = new File(path);&#xA;    try {&#xA;        if (!directoryDate.isDirectory()) {&#xA;            directoryDate.mkdirs();&#xA;        }&#xA;    } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;        logger.error(&quot;Error creating screenshot directory&quot;, e);&#xA;    }&#xA;    return directoryDate;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for video recording never used it. I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6921" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T19:02:21.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9348" CreationDate="2014-08-01T19:13:31.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;try this, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select s = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;#id&quot;)));&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list = s.getOptions();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you have all the elements of your dropdown, and using the size() method you'll have all the options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6921" LastActivityDate="2014-08-01T19:13:31.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-01T22:37:34.453" Score="1" ViewCount="1611" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to simulate the scenarios where 1000+ users log in at once, and stay logged in for a set amount of time. While those 1000+ users are still logged into the server, another set logs in as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially a failover test? Trying to see how much the server can hold before it just dies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will the Ultimate Thread Group in jmeter help me achieve this? I read the documentation, and I'm a bit confused with the &quot;Hold load&quot; part. To me, it means that the http request will last for the set amount of time (which is what I need - to simulate users staying idle). Is this correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8427" LastEditorUserId="117" LastEditDate="2014-08-03T00:05:41.013" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T15:09:20.700" Title="Trying to simulate users logging in but staying idle" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9352" CreationDate="2014-08-02T22:45:23.420" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically on a Web application an idle user will consume almost no server resources. The constraint will be the amount of memory or database space used to store the users session. If the server can therefore support 2000 users you shouldn't have any problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said a more real  concern should be the impact on performance of the server due to the extra load and in particular how the 'login storm'  is handled as this can consume significant resources causing timeouts on connecting and spikes in load. Sometimes it pays to have a random back off built in to spread this load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To test this realistically your existing users should be active and responses timed In order to determine impact of fail over event. On the other hand if it's a truly rare event depending on  the nature of your application you may only worry that it all comes back up in the end... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8436" LastActivityDate="2014-08-02T22:45:23.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8759" CreationDate="2014-08-03T08:18:59.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Watir you can select by index as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.select_list(:id=&amp;gt; 'month_of_birth').option(:index=&amp;gt; 0).select&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case we are selecting the first option at the top of the drop down list. Also if you want to count the number of options there are then you can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.select_list(:id=&amp;gt;'month_of_birth').options.count&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use name instead of id in both cases if that's what is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7284" LastEditorUserId="7284" LastEditDate="2014-08-03T08:42:48.057" LastActivityDate="2014-08-03T08:42:48.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9348" CreationDate="2014-08-03T08:57:37.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In watir, this can be accomplished in one line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.select_list(:id=&amp;gt; 'id').options.count&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7284" LastActivityDate="2014-08-03T08:57:37.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9352" CreationDate="2014-08-04T07:37:49.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with Andy here and think you need to take great care ensuring that the test reflects what may actually happen.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First I'd look at session timeout and memory release.  Ensure that your first batch of users remain active preferably doing something useful say every 30 seconds.  This will ensure no session timeouts and also give you some measurable responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then log on further users and as Andy says look at the initial users response times and the new users log on times, and see if there is any deterioration .  If there is then check if there is memory available, any shortage of cpu, and any excessive system activity related to managing the large number of users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should look at how much cpu is used for actual user work and how much for system overhead (not always as easy as it sounds). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen live systems lose part of their concurrent users due to sub network failure.  The users when the network comes up try to log on again.  It is interesting to note if they find their previous sessions (assuming these have not been mopped up).  And of course how long the now orphaned sessions last.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't used it but from the documentation the Ultimate Thread Group in jmeter should allow you to set up a realistic test.  But do allow sufficient time for the workload to stabilise before firing the second batch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T07:37:49.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9339" CreationDate="2014-08-04T10:49:49.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry to answer own question but in the hope it might help others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Couldn't find a single threaded browser that ran on windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read various web based comment on increasing max sessions for browsers on Windows. All involved changing or creating registry entries. [ While I wanted to reduce max sessions, as Sam offered (see answer below), it seemed logical that if max sessions was set to one I would get the single threadedness I required. ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exactly what registry changes were required depended on Windows version and Browser version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite trying a wide range of changes with a wide range of browsers I did not ever have success reducing max sessions to one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However with Windows 7 and IE 11 I could also see no relationship between the registry settings and the number of connections.  At one point I had 12 connections open yet the biggest registry entry was 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems registry settings and behaviour have at best a very hazy relationship. Certainly not one that one could rely on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've decided for our purposes to preprocess network traces which is an extra step but c'est la vie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers all who viewed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8310" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T10:49:49.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-04T14:05:41.530" Score="5" ViewCount="5043" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our company we have a problem with the testers: They often fail to provide enough information to reproduce a defect. Is there a tool that automatically records every action of a tester? For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to screen X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click button Y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type &quot;Some text&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that JIRA has a browser plugin to take screenshots, but it doesn't record actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8443" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-03-04T19:10:42.487" LastActivityDate="2018-03-04T19:10:42.487" Title="QA tool with feature for automatic recording of user actions when manual testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2014-08-04T14:51:45.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE records all actions. You can playback a session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2014-08-05T10:51:41.917" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T10:51:41.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9352" CreationDate="2014-08-04T15:09:20.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what do you mean by &lt;code&gt;stay logged&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To simulate 1000+ unique virtual users you need to provide separate username/password combination. It's likely that you will also need a &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cookie-manager-jmeter-not-cookie-jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to represent user cookie. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/UltimateThreadGroup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ultimate Thread Group&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;code&gt;Hold load&lt;/code&gt; bit means that test threads will be looping over for specified amount of time, all the requests under Ultimate Thread Group will be executed continuously for the time slot set. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need just log in -&gt; sleep -&gt; log out a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Timer&lt;/a&gt; may be what you looking for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to specify the exact load in &quot;requests per second&quot; - consider using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Throughput_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to release all 1000 threads at once - use &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeter-synchronizing-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T15:09:20.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9336" CreationDate="2014-08-04T16:37:57.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the difficulty you will have in making your choice is in how you define &quot;simple&quot; in a programming language.  What you find simple may not be true for everyone.  I always hear about how Python is simple and easy to read, yet I find it often more difficult to deal with than Ruby; and I do maintain a Test Framework in python so this is not coming from inexperience.  Comparison for tools is difficult, especially when you have a list of &quot;wants&quot; as you have, I'd ask back to you first how your list got you to where you choices were Fitnesse and Robot.  Other than they both have tabular displays, they are quite different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For #1 - you can deal with any back-end testing with some slight programming, if you have taken the time to implement it.  Both can do UI, Robot would need some additional Python to do the DB checks, but then so would Fitnesse.  Even for UI Testing I needed to implement some additional checks using Selenium and Fitnesse.  Technically it's feasible, whether it will meet your second option, and be simple, is debatable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With #2, I would just reiterate what I said previously, how you define simple will matter here.  Some non-programmers can read code, and some testers as well, and some have more difficulty.  Product Owners probably won't be able to read the code, but if you get them a report that will allow you to show acceptance criteria coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkin's integrates with many tools, so you should be covered for #3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versioning should be supportable if you implement the cases appropriately with flags, tags or some other option.  Robot handles Tags well, Fitnesse you can define what cases get run, and if needed both support documentation so you can keep track of changes within the cases as well as within any source control you may want to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically any integration is possible, if one does not exist there is usually a way a manage integration between tools - its a time, effort and resource problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should check with your Team to see what they have preference, and experience, with.  Check your developers, if you intend them to use these tools, to see what they also have experience with - or know what languages so you can leverage tools, and coding they have in place for your work.  I've used Fitnesse and Robot in different jobs, they both fit the tasks they were chosen for, if they will meet your needs will depend on how they compliment the skills you have on your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T16:37:57.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2014-08-04T17:32:28.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to record actions for a desktop app I think &lt;a href=&quot;http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows7/how-do-i-use-problem-steps-recorder%20Problem%20Steps%20Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Problem Steps Recorder&lt;/a&gt; will work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-08-04T17:32:28.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-04T22:04:43.970" Score="1" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit new to mocking data for testing. I'm using ruby in conjunction with watir-webdriver and I have a local version of the app. I'd like to run a script which empties the tables of the local database, and then preloads with defined values so that the browser integration suite can run and check for expected values. The problem is that I have no idea how to start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think i will use a &lt;code&gt;pg&lt;/code&gt; gem. But I'd like the data to be the same every test run, so I'd rather not have a data generator, so It looks like scripts are the way to go, but I have no idea what the best practices are around this or what it should look like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6301" LastActivityDate="2014-10-05T18:51:08.800" Title="Pre-load database for testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;sql&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9368" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-05T07:42:52.510" Score="0" ViewCount="760" Body="&lt;p&gt;What will be the Selenese for this element? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; value=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;28&quot; name=&quot;UNDER PRIVILEDGED&quot; class=&quot;textbox&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've written like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cmd    : type&#xA;Target : name=UNDER PRIVILEDGED&#xA;Value  :7000&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But found this error - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[error] Element name=UNDER PRIVILEDGED not found.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a space in the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8453" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-05T10:50:56.600" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T11:49:28.447" Title="Selenium: not able to find element" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2014-08-05T08:19:27.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are such tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example Monosnap records video from users's desktop so you can use that to record also non-browser applications. Cool thing in Monosnap is that is quite light, allows entering figures on top of the video ( like red ellipses to point where to look ), creates mp4 files which most users can view without installing additional programs and for Meliora Testlab users, it integrates to tool allowing pushing the videos automatically to defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP Quality Center (ALM) comes with installable video recording tool. Works well with QC, but playback requires the same app to be installed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T08:19:27.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9368" CreationDate="2014-08-05T11:29:55.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think a space in the &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; attribute is not valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ID and NAME tokens must begin with a letter ([A-Za-z]) and may be followed by any number of letters, digits ([0-9]), hyphens (&quot;-&quot;), underscores (&quot;_&quot;), colons (&quot;:&quot;), and periods (&quot;.&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/types.html#type-name&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/types.html#type-name&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I assume Selenium do not handle invalid HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-08-05T11:49:28.447" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T11:49:28.447" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9371" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-05T12:00:31.910" Score="0" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a question which has been bothering me a lot while writing test cases. For every Test suite, say we have a login window. When writing the testcases do we need to list out all the possible test cases? Is there any standard or way that we can avoid some basic test cases?(For example editable ability of fields) There can be many test cases if we extend our imagination; but do we have to list them all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If some of the basic ones can be avoided, who takes that decision in the real time software development cycle? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8456" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-08-05T12:47:00.073" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T18:10:31.657" Title="Test Cases - Can we avoid some?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9371" CreationDate="2014-08-05T13:41:58.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When writing the testcases do we need to list out all the possible test cases?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a limited amount of time for testing, and if you think about it long enough, you will realize there is no end to the number of test cases.  You need to consider as many as you can, but you need to prioritize them according to how hard they are to test and how much pain they cause if they fail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is there any standard or way that we can avoid some basic test cases? (For example editable ability of fields)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know anything about testing standards, but here are some techniques you can use to avoid some basic test cases, using editability of text fields as an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't test every editable field if they are all coded the same way.&lt;/strong&gt;  In manufacturing, when there are too many units to test every one, testers use &lt;em&gt;sampling&lt;/em&gt; to infer something about their product's quality. They can do that because every unit is made the same way.  A similar idea holds in software testing.  If every editable field is implemented in exactly the same way, you may be able to test a small number of fields (or perhaps just a single one) and infer from the results whether the other fields are correct.  To draw that inference, you need to know how the software is put together. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spend less effort on editable fields that were unit tested.&lt;/strong&gt; Sometimes, developers test their software themselves before they make it available to testers.  You can ask your developers whether (and how) they tested a feature, and use that information to decide how much additional testing you need to do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spend less effort on editable fields if they have not changed.&lt;/strong&gt;  If a feature hasn't changed since the last time you tested, you may not need to test it.  Be careful though; those fields interact with other components, which in turn interact with other components, and so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spend less effort on editable fields if they don't tend to break.&lt;/strong&gt;  If editability doesn't tend to be a problem, it may be better to spend time on things that &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; tend to break.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of these techniques are perfect, but when you have limited time, you have to make judgement calls based on the information you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There can be many test cases if we extend our imagination; but do we have to list them all?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume this question is more about the quantity of test cases than about whether you should actually list them.  If you are curious and you pay attention, you will realize that it is not possible to test (or list) everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If some of the basic ones can be avoided, who takes that decision in the real time software development cycle?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go ask someone your manager or a co-worker.  Or if there is no one to ask, you get to decide.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software changes constantly.  To do a good job, you need to keep track of how it is changing and which aspects of it matter the most.  It is not easy, and none of us do it perfectly.  Get as much information as you can absorb, make deliberate decisions, and when your fail, try to learn from your mistakes.  That is what the rest of us try to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-08-05T15:14:45.307" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T15:14:45.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9374" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-05T15:41:53.877" Score="1" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're building requirements for some data input that has four different variations. There are some common fields across all four variations, and then some additional fields based on form type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;em&gt;Q1&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Q2&lt;/em&gt; are available in all four types (&lt;em&gt;A,B,C,D&lt;/em&gt;), while some questions only apply to one or some of the different forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;+------+---+---+---+---+&#xA;| Type | A | B | C | D |&#xA;+------+---+---+---+---+&#xA;| Q1   | x | x | x | x |&#xA;| Q2   | x | x | x | x |&#xA;| Q3   |   |   | x |   |&#xA;| Q4   | x |   |   | x |&#xA;| Q5   |   |   |   | x |&#xA;+------+---+---+---+---+&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, each field has some extra information about if it's required or what acceptable values can be used.  This information &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; differ across form variations, but is largely consistent.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;b&gt;Form A&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;+-----------+---------+----------+-------------------+&#xA;| Questions | Visible | Required | Acceptable values |&#xA;+-----------+---------+----------+-------------------+&#xA;| Q1        | x       | x        | Text              |&#xA;| Q2        | x       | x        | Date              |&#xA;| Q3        |         |          |                   |&#xA;| Q4        | x       |          | Integer           |&#xA;| Q5        |         |          |                   |&#xA;+-----------+---------+----------+-------------------+&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In total, there are about 30 data elements, 15 of which are common to all forms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What seems like the most succinct way to document this?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Repeating a lot of redundant data across multiple data definitions feels wrong.  But stuffing too much info into a single matrix feels bloated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8459" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T12:22:17.637" Title="Reusing Data Definitions Across Multiple Forms" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9374" CreationDate="2014-08-05T20:03:50.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answer is going to depend on the percent of overlap between requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For 100% overlap, a grid seems like the best approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For 0% overlap, separate documentation would be preferable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And anywhere in between will be a judgement call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming there's a fair amount of overlap, extending the grid with the common / individual requirements seems reasonable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;+------+---+---+---+---+----------+-------------------+&#xA;&lt;b&gt;| Type | A | B | C | D | Required | Acceptable values |&lt;/b&gt;&#xA;+------+---+---+---+---+----------+-------------------+&#xA;| Q1   | x | x | x | x | yes      | Text              |&#xA;| Q2   | x | x | x | x | yes      | &lt;i&gt;A,B&lt;/i&gt;: list of X    |&#xA;|      |   |   |   |   |          | &lt;i&gt;C,D&lt;/i&gt;: list of Y    |&#xA;| Q3   | x |   |   | x | &lt;i&gt;A&lt;/i&gt;: yes   | Integer           |&#xA;|      |   |   |   |   | &lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt;: no    |                   |&#xA;| Q4   |   |   |   | x |          | Boolean           |&#xA;+------+---+---+---+---+----------+-------------------+&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8459" LastActivityDate="2014-08-05T20:03:50.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-06T05:13:32.650" Score="1" ViewCount="1139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to testing, I have done the below steps. I don't know if I am correct or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Downloaded Selenium IDE and added it to Firefox.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recorded tests and imported test cases as WebDriver/Junit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created a Java project, then a package, then created a class, then I copied the code from the imported test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added Selenium related jar files and then executed. It's working fine. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Eclipse I have executed the tests they are working fine. What do I have to do to execute them on the production server?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is Selenium WebDriver the best way to test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do I create test suites and how do I run them?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the steps to test in Chrome browser in Ubuntu 10.0.4?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8463" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-06T11:21:17.787" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T11:21:17.787" Title="How to test and run Liferay portal using Selinium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9377" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-06T05:52:56.680" Score="1" ViewCount="3244" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a Thread Group which has Firefox Driver Config , a Web driver Sampler and a View Results Tree Listener.&#xA;I have also added CSV Data set Config and passing username and Passwords through it to the application.&#xA;I have around 10 Credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The scenario i want to do is, I want all the 10 users to login at the same time i.e 10 instances of the firefox browser to be invoked and do the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone tell me, how can i achieve this in J meter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8464" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:48:32.427" Title="Multiple instances of the browsers- Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9376" CreationDate="2014-08-06T05:59:04.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.In eclipse i have executed the tests they are working fine, how i have to execute them in production server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your tests can run &lt;em&gt;in&lt;/em&gt; every environment. You can have a Selenium Hub and many VMs with different operating systems and browsers. But for the beginning the tests can also run from your local computer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can choose &lt;em&gt;against&lt;/em&gt; what environment (test environment, production) the test run. You can create a config file and set a property for that. Your testing framework can read this file and decide against what kind of environment the tests run. You can also work with Apache Maven, so you can use your tests with Jenkins and configure them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start your test run &lt;em&gt;from&lt;/em&gt; your local machine via eclipse or command line, if you choose Apache Maven. You also can have a Jenkins server and start the tests from there with a Jenkins job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.selinium Webdriver testing is best testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This depends on what exactly you want to test. If you want to test the GUI of web applications in different browsers and on different operating systems, Selenium 2 / WebDriver is an excellent open source tool for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.how to create test suite and how to run them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2 / WebDriver on its own is no testing framework. It just control the browser. The testing framework is &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt;. JUnit provide different ways to create test suites. You can create them with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/junit-team/junit/wiki/Aggregating-tests-in-suites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Suites&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/junit-team/junit/wiki/Categories&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Categories&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use another testing framework like TestNG. But this are Java testing frameworks only. If you want to develop in another programming language, you have to choose another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4.What are the steps to test in Chrome browser in Ubuntu 10.0.4 ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to download the &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chrome Driver&lt;/a&gt;. For some browsers you need special drivers to control them. Not only for Google Chrome. Internet Explorer do also need one. Here is a  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/getting-started&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Getting Started&lt;/a&gt; page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a look into the &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/w/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Wiki&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a look into the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Blog&lt;/a&gt; to keep up to date and particularly the A Smattering of Selenium posts for nice articles about how to get things work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T05:59:04.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9371" CreationDate="2014-08-06T08:54:16.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, although I agree with the other statements, I would recommend taking a risk based testing approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is always important to identify all test cases and then assess the risk of that test case causing and issues and the impact if it was not tested and caused a live issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I normally have a state of 'Risk and 'Impact' and apply a RAG status (Red, Orange, Green so basically /High/Medium/Low). You can do it just base don risk or impact as well, depends on your style. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then execute the tests in order risk and impact and outline to the project manager or business owner that this can be completed in the timescales given, I highlight there is still a risk of not testing these test cases, but it has lower risk and a lower impact that those with a high impact/low impact. They then make the decision whether to extend the time or provide more resource. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk-based_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk-based_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2913" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T08:54:16.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-06T10:27:19.320" Score="0" ViewCount="322" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just found this site, and I have a question for everyone who can help me. My new passion for IT made me wish to learn more, and I wish to start with Testing. I've learned HTML5 and CSS3, but now I'm stuck because I don't know how to continue. I am open to suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8467" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T17:52:54.307" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T17:52:54.307" Title="New to testing - need direction" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-03-01T14:35:27.120" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9383" CreationDate="2014-08-06T11:08:48.673" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can start with studying &lt;strong&gt;Software Engineering&lt;/strong&gt; and read about Testing Types &amp;amp; study SQL &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T11:08:48.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9385" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9390" CreationDate="2014-08-06T12:24:41.817" Score="1" ViewCount="1033" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the actual use of Selenium IDE?&#xA;Apart from playback and record How can we use this tool to check the validations of a simple login form in website?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8456" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T03:13:18.903" Title="Selenium IDE - Actual use- seeking a practical example" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9383" CreationDate="2014-08-06T12:37:00.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the beginning it is very useful to know what kind of tests exists. So you can explore the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB Glossary&lt;/a&gt; to discover them and testing terms in general. After that you could try to get involved in some open source projects. You could install and test them and contribute some bug tickets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mozilla has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://quality.mozilla.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QA area&lt;/a&gt;. (Other companies / organisations too.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt; are a lot of open source projects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn the basics of a programming language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pick one of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;unit testing frameworks&lt;/a&gt; for your programming language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write some simple functions/methods and unit tests for that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep busy with frameworks like Cucumber, JBehave or Selenium and tools like JMeter or SoapUI. It depends on what kind of tests you want to automate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to create automated test cases for open source projects and contribute them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pratice is the best way to learn about testing. If you want and can, try to do some testing things at work. But currently I assume that you do not work in this area, therefore the open source points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T12:37:00.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9383" CreationDate="2014-08-06T13:10:15.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I would suggest starting with tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A basic list of some tools to be familiar with or at the very least understand what they are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/About-SoapUI/what-is-soapui.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HP QC/HP ALM/MS TFS/MS Test Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/sql/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQL&lt;/a&gt; as this is a daily task in the QA roles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After learning at the very least the basics, utilize some of the open source software in order to get a feel for what you personally enjoy doing and see if you want to find an area of specialty. Personally, my are of specialty is in API testing and Tools development, with a dash of Automation and Load/Performance testing thrown in. I will use this as an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I develop tools, I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.csharp-station.com/Tutorial/CSharp/lesson01&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;C#&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/getStarted/cupojava/netbeans.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java&lt;/a&gt;. The preferred language would depend on what company you are interested in working for but the 2 languages are very similar and you shouldn't have too many problems switching between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For LoadTesting, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.loadui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LoadUI&lt;/a&gt; and LoadRunner as well as several other tools are typically utilized. For LoadTesting, I &lt;strong&gt;STRONGLY&lt;/strong&gt; encourage you to avoid loadtesting public sites. Set up a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wampserver.com/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WAMP&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://lamphowto.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LAMP&lt;/a&gt; server and load test locally. Loadtesting public sites without permission is considered a DOS attack and can have consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Automation, there is Selenium (see tools above),HP QTP,&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286726.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Coded UI&lt;/a&gt; and several other tools. Again, get some open source tools and just play with these on random websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all of this, I would find a position doing basic manual testing. This will teach you far more about Software Testing than an automation position and give you a chance to get your feet wet. There is some online training places, like the Mozilla project mentioned in another answer, that are worth checking out as well. Manual testing is &lt;strong&gt;VERY&lt;/strong&gt; important in my opinion to being a strong tester with any sort of specialty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After completing the above steps (about 12 months of steady studying and working if you are quick), you should be able to have a very high demand skill set and get a rather nice position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T13:10:15.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9385" CreationDate="2014-08-06T14:23:33.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can do validations using either verify or assert.&#xA;Check this documentation which will give you a clear idea -&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For complex automation, you need to use Selenium WebDriver which gives you flexibility to code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8330" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T14:23:33.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9385" CreationDate="2014-08-06T15:38:01.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used the Selenium IDE extensively on my last project. I had a suite of tests in a test domain specific language and a translator that created Selenium IDE test suites. When I left the project, there were more than 700 tests in the suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) The test DSL was originally written in XML, based on a number of other test DSLs I had created for other projects. The test DSL was originally built to generate test scripts for humans to follow. When Selenium IDE came to my attention, it was quite simple to repurpose the translator to create Selenium IDE files. Several hundred test scripts were re-used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The translator was an XSLT script, and bundled the individual test cases into test suites. Near the end, I rewrote the DSL and the translator into Perl, for much improved performance and readability. I looked seriously into rebuilding the process in Java but the incremental improvement in test coverage and browser coverage weren't justified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) The test DSL was actually generated from a bunch of spreadsheets, using a template language, translated by an XSLT script (then Perl).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Multiple data sets resulted in multiple files. A change to the UUT user interface required changing one master file for a form, and then regenerating the test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Months after leaving the project, I still consider the Selenium IDE a godsend for UI test automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8068" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T15:38:01.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9383" CreationDate="2014-08-06T16:32:36.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now when &lt;strong&gt;we confirmed that you think analytically,&lt;/strong&gt; let's consider next steps on your career into testing, and testing automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As automated tester you need to write programs. Competent programmers know multiple languages and can learn new one quickly. Python is commonly considered as best language for beginners, and there are plenty of free online education resources. &lt;a href=&quot;http://learnpython.pbworks.com/w/page/15956531/FrontPage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Learn Python Wiki&lt;/a&gt; is one maintained by me. Later, you can learn more languages as you need, but Python will likely remain on your toolset to manage/parse text files, even if your main language may be Java or C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being at least passable system administrator knowing Linux will greatly enhance your possibilities. Most of world computers are running Linux. because it has no license fee, it is trivial to add few servers when needed. Luckily for you, edX.org just started free online course, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://courses.edx.org/courses/LinuxFoundationX/LFS101x/2T2014/info&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LinuxFoundationX: LFS101x Introduction to Linux&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; I highly recommend it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, Selenium WebDriver is upcoming W3C standard for browser automation, so learning it should be your next step if you want to work in web application testing. Luckily for you, Selenium has good Python binding so you can learn it using Python, and CSS locators are used often to locate elements on the page to interact with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider joining relevant Meetups groups in your area, and LinkedIn. This way you start building your professional network, which you will need to find job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-08-06T16:39:42.240" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T16:39:42.240" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9385" CreationDate="2014-08-06T16:56:09.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the answer of @Bob Dalgleish you can see that output of Selenium IDE is quite hard to use. get XML, transform it with XSLT and Perl? No thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IDE is useful to show locators, but test it generates are too linear and will repeat big chunks of code, as if they were copy-pasted. So if any change is made, chances are exactly the same change will need to be made in very many places. To avoid this, competent automated testers design test using PageObject pattern in their favorite programming language (which for me is Python).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, I have very little use of Selenium IDE. If your fronted designer is competent, UI elements have ids, and &quot;inspect element&quot; will reveal it - that's all you need to know about it. Rest is code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer this approach possibly because I came to test automation with development background, so writing code was &quot;normal&quot; for me, and Se IDE was not helping much in accomplishing that goal. I don't want to maintain hundreds of lines of boilerplate generated code. If I did, I would be using Java :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T16:56:09.793" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9366" CreationDate="2014-08-06T17:55:05.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Linux you could write a bash shell script to load a database so you are at a known place for your testing. In windows you could use PowerShell to do it quite easily for MS SQL. There should be automation options for all the mature databases. As you don't specify your OS or database more specific help is unlikely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sane thing you might consider doing depending on how you deploy your app is to write a set of scripts to create the database schema and then populate it with your expected initial data, following that you would run the script to populate the extra data that you need for test. This tests your generation of your database (if you need this sort of testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8473" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T17:55:05.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9371" CreationDate="2014-08-06T18:10:31.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When and how to skip tests will depend on your build test release cycle. Generally most of your focus should be in the high risk areas, such as new development and bug fixing. If you were to have a spreadsheet of tests you could mark some to complete for this build and have others for the next build. Generally you reserve this for items that have been stable for a while. If your cadence of build/test is quick it can be easier to skip stable areas, and rotate what parts of the stable areas you test each cycle so you end up with a complete pass of all your test cases over time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another strategy is to do smoke tests where you do a quick run through looking for major breakage, but not checking all the possible combinations and permutations. Such as online ordering, you might do a smoke test of signing up as a new user and ordering 2 items, adding the shipping and payment options and completing the order where you enter in only valid data. That would check the basic functionality of the process, it would not check the validation for all the steps in the process, such as the address not being valid for a zip code or entering in a bad credit card number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically you have to logic it out and know where your pain areas are and ensure they have good coverage. How to manage the testing is generally a decision of the test manager, but it should involve all the appropriate stakeholders to ensure they are comfortable with the level of risk compared to how much they want to spend on testing resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8473" LastActivityDate="2014-08-06T18:10:31.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9396" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-06T18:34:40.093" Score="1" ViewCount="1492" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is similar to this one: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9352/trying-to-simulate-users-logging-in-but-staying-idle&quot;&gt;Trying to simulate users logging in but staying idle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there weren't really any suggestions on how to implement on jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, this is the scenario I cam trying to replicate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let's say xxxx number of users all log in. While those xxxx users are&#xA;  logged in and doing something, a new set of yyyy number of users log&#xA;  in and do something as well. So essentially there are now xxxx + yyyy&#xA;  number of users. Rinse and repeat. I want to try and take down the&#xA;  server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Ultimate Thread Group doesn't fit what I need. The reason is because within the hold load time limit, all of the requests inside that thread group will be continuously executed. I don't want that. I just need them to execute each http request once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to do something like this in jmeter? Or would I have to create two separate test plans and run them? Perhaps I can do some kind of loop? While xxxx users are still doing something, send in new yyyy users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7879" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-04-04T12:30:15.517" Title="Sending in consecutive sets of users in jmeter" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9383" CreationDate="2014-08-07T02:22:56.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There was a recent thread on this same topic that had some similar commentary that may also help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9121/tips-for-wanna-be-testers&quot;&gt;Tips for wanna be testers?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T02:22:56.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9400" CreationDate="2014-08-07T05:48:37.920" Score="0" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;i am trying to study &lt;strong&gt;SQL Injection&lt;/strong&gt; nowadays &amp;amp; i am searching for good tutorial . &#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;any recommendation for written or videos tutorial ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T10:03:11.857" Title="Need SQL Injection Document?" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;&lt;sql-injection&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-08-10T19:28:52.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9396" CreationDate="2014-08-07T08:28:43.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;code&gt;I just need them to execute each HTTP request once.&lt;/code&gt; stanza conflicts with the scenario described as the thread, representing a virtual user will be shut down when there is nothing more to do and there are no requests/loops defined. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to having separate test plans: there is no need to have different test plans as you can have different thread groups which can run at the same time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would go for the following scenario: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Main Thread Group with as much virtual users as your machine allows and infinite loops&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP request&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Throughput_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;code&gt;N requests per minute&lt;/code&gt; as initial load. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another Thread Group&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#BeanShell_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell Sampler&lt;/a&gt; to change throughput&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Timer&lt;/a&gt; to sleep for &lt;code&gt;S seconds&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is to start with i.e. 20 requests per second and after i.e. 1 minute set the load to be 40 requests per second and so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do so: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Start JMeter with &lt;code&gt;throughput&lt;/code&gt; property defined matching your initial throughput. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -Jthroughput=120 ....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;120 requests per minute will give 20 requests per second throughput&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter &lt;code&gt;${__property(throughput,,)}&lt;/code&gt; into &quot;Target Throughput&quot; field of Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;__property function will set initial throughput to be 20 requests per second&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter &lt;code&gt;60000&lt;/code&gt; into Thread Delay field of Constant Timer in second Thread Group&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add the following code to Beanshell Sampler&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int old_throughput = Integer.parseInt(props.get(&quot;throughput&quot;));&#xA;int new_throughput = old_throughput * 2;&#xA;props.put(&quot;throughput&quot;, String.valueOf(new_throughput));    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this scenario each 60 seconds the load will be increased twice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to use BeanShell: JMeter's favorite built-in component&lt;/a&gt; guide for more useful examples of extending JMeter tests with scripting and comprehensive information on Beanshell components. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T08:28:43.330" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9398" CreationDate="2014-08-07T10:03:11.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest for any security related testing you start with OWASP:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_Injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_Injection&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OWASP have excellent overviews and descriptions as well as concrete guidance on testing and mitigation for most common classes of vulnerability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8436" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T10:03:11.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9401" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-07T12:25:53.223" Score="2" ViewCount="266" Body="&lt;p&gt;Number one rule with continuous integration (CI) server is to have build always green and when a test fails fix the system under test as quickly as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we have currently end-to-end and integration tests on CI server that fails because of known bugs. We are aware of those bugs but they are minor and they have less priority to be fixed immediately. Consequently, build is no longer green and if new bug will be introduced we will have no such a good feedback on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our first solution is to disable such failing tests, keep in the test code a link to a bug (JIRA issues) and keep in JIRA a link back to the test. This obviously have some shortcomings such as the need to track and remember about such disabled tests. Also, disabled tests will no discover other bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be your approach for such a situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-08-07T12:41:14.203" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T12:52:45.367" Title="Disabling failing tests in CI if they discover known bugs" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9401" CreationDate="2014-08-07T12:48:46.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our approach to the situation in short is to tolerate the situation that the build is not completely green. We track which parts of the software fail. If we consider the issue as a bug and plan to fix it in the future, having a red light in that feature is important information to us. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have categorized features in a requirement tree which status we monitor. So if there is a red light, it is on one branch of the tree so we know in what area there are shortcomings. That is a fast way to understand the quality of the whole system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically we have Jenkins CI which sends automated testing data to Meliora Testlab where we monitor the testing and requirements status and store our issues. For us this works great as we have good understanding on quality and trough issues we always have a track of things to be done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T12:48:46.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9021" CreationDate="2014-08-07T18:04:33.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you to read a book, &quot;Tap into mobile application testing&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/testmobileapps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://leanpub.com/testmobileapps&lt;/a&gt;) by Jonathan Kohl,  that I think could help you step into mobile application testing area. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the book, Jonathan tells you about the differences between mobile application testings and traditional ones. And he also tells you about the major technologies used on mobile phone and the best practices in testing them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6275" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T18:04:33.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9330" CreationDate="2014-08-07T19:05:10.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what your tests are actually testing.  &quot;functionally&quot; it should behave similarly, however alot of the variation is with browser/javascript/other component interactions.  Headless would allow the functional test, but not guarantee the variations introduced with different platforms/browsers.  When you add another third party like x virtual it goes even further from the raw browser OS testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For smoke tests it might work fine, but for true QA automation tests I would recommend duplicating as close to the final test environment as possible.  I have seen false positives as well as missed bugs with variations which leads to a lack of trust in automated tests and simulated environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually cases for what you are suggesting and emulated mobile devices and such are for preliminary smoke tests on new functionality.  Then a formal QA test run is done on the actual environment later.  If that is the setup then the approach sounds just fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T19:05:10.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9406" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-07T19:38:50.983" Score="0" ViewCount="9669" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need help !!! &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can anyone help in understanding the interview process for a Sr QA in USA ? I got my H1B this year and looking forward to working in Oct but do not know what type of interview Questions are asked for 6 yrs of experience in Automation and Manual Testing in USA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer to some blogs or websites or books for studying&#xA;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8481" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T12:24:05.210" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T12:24:05.210" Title="Sr QA Interview Questions" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-03-15T04:11:30.860" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9346" CreationDate="2014-08-07T19:47:32.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So when targeting Unit tests it's usually a pass/fail.  When targeting a web application for UI tests there is a varying amount of results and not just a pass/fail at a test level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If using something like Selenium on a unit test framework I recommend 3 things that have great benefit if done properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Develop your own result output where you can define specifics that when reading results it actually provides value like &quot;all controls are present but the login credentials produce an invalid login message&quot; instead of just &quot;test failed...do it all again manually&quot;.  This takes some structuring and work but provides great benefit in the long run as you get more and more tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Develop your own error handling layer that will skip steps that fail and continue on when desired and kill the test on others where desired.  This would also log results so that you can see errors as well as test steps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Common wrapper for all test steps that will utilize 1 &amp;amp; 2 consistently for each step.  This ensures more control over what is reported and what is ignored in your results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T19:47:32.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9406" CreationDate="2014-08-07T20:30:47.440" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;As  dzieciou commented, this can vary pretty dramatically.  I will give you some ideas about what I look for when interviewing an experienced QA Engineer.  One of the most important things I look for - whether the role is primarily manual or automated testing - is the ability to perform root cause analysis.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if a candidate has experience working on web sites and web services  I would ask them a question such as &quot;If you have a dropdown on a webpage that calls a web service, that in turn queries a database and uses that data to populate the drop down values, then if you click on the drop down and there is no data, how would you try to determine the root cause of the problem?&quot;.  The things I am looking for when I ask this question would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Their understanding of the architecture &#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they understand HTML and JavaScript enough to look at the source and find a problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they understand HTTP enough to look at the HTTP response and identify a problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they understand Web Servers enough to know where to find log files and what to look for in the log files?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they understand databases enough to find and query the data and find problems?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Their familiarity with the tools&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they know how to use the browser's developer tools?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they know how to log in to a server (Windows or Linux) and find/search the logs?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they know how to use whatever tool to query the database?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Their logical troubleshooting and problem solving skills&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where do they start?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How deep do they go?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I modify the problem in some way, how quickly and effectively can they change their approach?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I only look for things that they would be expected to know, for instance, if they worked with windows servers I wouldn't expect them to know how to log in to a linux server with putty and grep the log files, or if they had primarily tested desktop applications I would not expect them to know in depth info about web sites and services, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This gives me some very good data about the candidate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It shows a sense of curiosity, it means the person has taken the time to understand the technology that they work on and gone above and beyond simply looking at it from a black box perspective. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They display some solid logical problem solving skills. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They will be able to provide more details to developers, and understand when there are separate defects vs one defect with multiple symptoms. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They will be able to earn the respect of developers &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They will be better able to determine what to test when changes are made. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They show that they have learned about technologies and tools, which is a good indication that they will be able to learn new technologies and tools.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a role with automation, I would also ask some basic coding questions (or more difficult coding questions if the role is for a senior candidate) as well as some automation specific questions.  Some favorites of mine are &quot;Give me 5 ways you could make your automation more maintainable&quot; and &quot;Give me 5 ways you can make your automation more reliable&quot;.  I am looking for anything either specific to automation like &quot;Use the page object pattern&quot; or specific to writing code in general like using effective logging or commenting, or using various object oriented principles and design patterns.  Depending on how senior/junior the candidate is, I would have different expectations for these answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-08-07T20:30:47.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9409" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-08T05:02:53.600" Score="0" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can some one help me finding a suitable simulator to do browser testing on Mac OS. I dont have a Mac with me. I need an online tool or a software which will run smooth with Win 7&#xA;I tried with browserstack. Anyone aware of any other tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8456" LastActivityDate="2014-09-07T19:52:40.963" Title="Cross-Browser compatibility Tools to simulate Mac Operating system" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-09-20T15:26:30.070" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-08T12:24:23.700" Score="2" ViewCount="4868" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am familiar with using template keywords in data-driven Robot Framework testing and know that external sources of data such as text files and csv files can be used to provide test data. However, the organisation I work for wants to use data held in a database as a source for test case data. Does anybody know if this is possible? I have searched Stack Exchange and other resources but cannot find an answer or any examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of the data-driven approach I am familiar just to give you an idea of where we are now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Library           Selenium2Library&#xA;Library           AFRCLibrary&#xA;| Test Template | Suspend Region&#xA;&#xA;*** Variables ***&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;| Pillar 1 BPS 2019 Suspend Region | Pillar 1 | 2019 | BPS | BPS Region 1 | Pillar 1 BPS 2019 Suspend Region Comments |&#xA;| Pillar 2 FGS 2018 Suspend Region | Pillar 2 | 2018 | FGS | FGS Region 1 | Pillar 2 FGS 2018 Suspend Region Comments |&#xA;&#xA;*** Keywords ***&#xA;| Suspend Region&#xA;| | [Arguments] | ${pillar} | ${year} | ${scheme} | ${region} | ${comments} |&#xA;| | Futures Open Application | http://ags125p01:8080/operationalsite/login | ff |&#xA;| | FuturesPublicsiteWM | root | gtn | http://ags125p01:8080/operationalsite/futures/maintain_budget |&#xA;| | Select Pillar | ${pillar} | ${year} |&#xA;| | Select Scheme | ${scheme} |&#xA;| | View |&#xA;| | Suspend And Confirm | ${region} | ${comments} |&#xA;| | Futures Close Application |&#xA;| |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance,&#xA;Neil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8486" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T12:56:30.627" Title="Robot Framework data-driven automation testing: Can data derived from a database be used as a data source for a test template?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9411" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9438" CreationDate="2014-08-08T15:18:11.330" Score="2" ViewCount="2012" Body="&lt;p&gt;Doing manual testing for the feature that you have implemented is obviously a bad idea. But what about automated functional tests? It seems to me that automation testing is more related to unit testing and it is ok to create automation test for the feature that you have created (though someone in our team is trying to lobby the practice according to which developers are prohibited to create automation tests for features that they have implemented). Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Update&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From comments&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question itself does not make sense without the context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason why I asked this question is because the mentioned person from our team says that it is absolutely prohibited to do automated test for feature that you have implemented if there are other people who can create automation tests in a team. She says that it is a common truth and it is written in every textbook on testing. This seemed to me to be not a common truth and I wanted to debunk this myth. That's why I asked this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Opposite arguments were that we had automation tests not to check that developer had implemented everything correctly but to make sure that an old functionality was not broken when we added a new functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our team consists of 4 developers, 2 manual testers and 1 automation tester. Sometimes automation tester has no time to finish all automation tasks and developers help him to write scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see why you are saying that my question lacks context but I thought that providing all this details would make my question too localized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8487" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T11:16:36.767" Title="Can developer do automation test for the feature that he has implemented?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9411" CreationDate="2014-08-08T18:11:54.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say you are partially right.  Unit testing is a good practice for development and ensures your code does what it is supposed to do.  That should probably be written by the developer and then executed on continuous integration.  Code reviews should provide a good check to ensure that the code is correct as well as the unit test being correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True QA testing at any level should involve the following testing functional(works), positive(good user experience-usually includes working), negative(validates user inputs), boundary(weird or malicious stuff that sometimes people do), requirements(is correctly implemented), and regression(avoid introducing new bugs)...possibly more or less depending on the nature of the development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been full time and team leads in both development and QA.  From this unique perspective...people think differently in each group.  Most QA people would be skeptical of any Dev person developing a complete test.  As much as most dev people would be skeptical of any QA person developing a fix and checking in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the above being said, I would say that automation tests can be created by development and it's probably a good idea if the developer who wrote the code does it since that speeds up time...however, those automation tests should be reviewed, validated, and modified based on a QA review of the test as they bring a different perspective that greatly needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general this is why UI automation is done by QA after the manual testing is complete...but dev delivering code with automation tests written already is a great idea and speeds up the process and communication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. This is also why you sometimes have an &quot;automation engineer&quot; to bridge the gap between the two...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T18:11:54.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9409" CreationDate="2014-08-08T18:15:47.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sauce Labs might help.  You should be able to do a trial with them and start a mac/safari emulation just fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T18:15:47.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8570" CreationDate="2014-08-08T18:45:59.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read this in hopes but everyone is in the same place :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a newer field (automating mobile devices) and therefore flooded with competition and as stated &quot;infancy&quot; development.  Proprietary brands have found their own ways to access real devices and sell those services for top dollar.  This is difficult for several reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most mobile devices belong to a wireless service provider and are sold with agreements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The devices are more locked down on technology because they are packaged with a wireless carrier and they don't want just anyone getting in there are doing stuff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is little money in &quot;emulated&quot; devices so they will come eventually when the devices are out and they won't necessarily perform anywhere near the actual devices specs cause basically they are free and there is no market...why not force the person/company to buy your device and then use it for testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus companies like Xamarian, Sauce Labs, SeeTest, Appurify, Perfecto Mobile, etc... are competing for the best way to automate this stuff.  That is also why various others like Calabash(Xamarian), MonkeyTalk, Appium(Sauce Labs), etc... are working for better free versions while offering paid ones too.  Appium is now connected with Sauce Labs btw...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium has an appeal because Selenium ties into it directly.  It's a pain to deal with, but it should be improving more quickly now that Sauce Labs is involved.  Although that will also depend on what they want to sell vs. what they want to provide for free...still no real devices there though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Out of all of this though I would recommend &lt;strong&gt;Appurify&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://appurify.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://appurify.com/&lt;/a&gt; as they have the cheaper straight automation approach with Selenium integration.  No manual testing on remote real devices though...just automation for a monthly fee. (partnered now with SOASTA...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T18:45:59.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9411" CreationDate="2014-08-08T18:54:50.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer the question in the title, of course a developer can write their own tests, but the developer likely has some blinders and assumptions, and may not test all the edge cases, only the ones they've considered.  The skillset between developers and testers overlaps, but isn't a perfect intersection.  Joel Sposky &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/items/2010/01/26.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wrote about some of this before&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like the person advocating that developer's not write tests of their own code is really hoping to push the group towards test driven development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T18:54:50.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9401" CreationDate="2014-08-08T20:22:20.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do not disable the tests, which fail because of known bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to group the failing tests and run them in another test suite.&#xA;You might use a group annotation on the tests for that, maybe &quot;knownFailures&quot; or so.&#xA;The group annotation is better then a &quot;link to issue&quot; thing.&#xA;Group annotations are supported by various test tools.&#xA;Configure your build matrix to allow the failure of this test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also exclude the group of tests (forming the failing suite) from your main test suite.&#xA;That keeps the main suite green.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then work on both suites in your matrix. The main will switch between green and red, while the &quot;knownFailures&quot; stays red - BUT here the number of failing tests will reduce, if you fix some of the known bugs. ,)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you may introduce an automated check: for tests with the &lt;code&gt;@group knownFailures&lt;/code&gt;, which are green. That helps you to remove the @group annotion, when they go from red to green.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6430" LastEditorUserId="6430" LastEditDate="2014-08-08T21:30:30.770" LastActivityDate="2014-08-08T21:30:30.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2014-08-09T05:36:35.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qasymphony.com/platform/exploratory-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;qTest eXplorer&lt;/a&gt; that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Automatically records every step and screen of software testing&#xA;execution&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Allows users to take notes and annotate screens while testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lets users submit detailed defect records to defect tracking tools&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Automatically writes test cases to Excel or directly to qTest (test management platform)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Generates session reports that meets the needs of session-based&#xA;testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Captures detailed testing and quality metrics for analytics&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Creates a complete recording of the test session to share with other&#xA;team members or archive for future audit&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3178" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T05:36:35.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2014-08-09T07:13:40.213" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Test Manager (MTM) has two recording options. Exploratory testing in MTM allows testers to record everything they do, they can add commentary and screenshots etc throughout the test session. During an exploratory test session the recording can easily be converted into a fault report (it can be as simple as click one button, enter a title, click save). Of course the fault report and recording can be edited if desired. Fault reports can also be used to quickly create new test cases. MTM can also be used for recording the steps of a formal test case so they can be played back as semi-automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Microsoft tools give a complete Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) system. Thus MTM along with TFS and Visual Studio provide facilities for managing requirements, work items, test cases, test results, source code and more. Work items and test cases can be assigned to people. One downside of MTM is the cost per user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T07:13:40.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9419" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-09T07:48:49.297" Score="2" ViewCount="2928" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium webdriver with Java jdbc. Below are my queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First:&lt;/strong&gt;  I am trying to login to the application with username and password from database (Using SQL Query). I am getting the username and password, but password is in encrypted format. So how to decrypt the password? and use it for login?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second:&lt;/strong&gt; Suppose, if I want to login with all the username and password from the database then how to write the code or query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below is the code sample:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.sql.Connection;&#xA;import java.sql.DriverManager;&#xA;import java.sql.SQLException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import com.mysql.jdbc.ResultSet;&#xA;import com.mysql.jdbc.Statement;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test123 {&#xA;     WebDriver driver;&#xA;     String url =&quot;&quot;;&#xA;     @BeforeTest&#xA;public void setUp() throws Exception{&#xA;     driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;     url = &quot;localhost:12345/login.do&quot;;&#xA;     driver.get(url);&#xA;}&#xA;     @Test&#xA;     public void CreateDB() throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException, SQLException{&#xA;           String url1 =&quot;jdbc:mysql://123.0.0.1:12345/actitime&quot;;&#xA;           String dbClass = &quot;com.mysql.jdbc.Driver&quot;;&#xA;           Class.forName(dbClass).newInstance();&#xA;           Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url1,&quot;test&quot;, &quot;test1&quot;);&#xA;           Statement stmt = (Statement) con.createStatement();&#xA;           ResultSet result = (ResultSet) stmt.executeQuery(&quot;SELECT * FROM at_user where username='s'&quot;);&#xA;           if(result.next())&#xA;           {&#xA;                String id = result.getString(2);&#xA;                String info = result.getString(4);&#xA;                driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;                WebElement a = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;                a.sendKeys(id);&#xA;                WebElement b = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='loginFormContainer']/tbody/tr[1]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/input&quot;));&#xA;                b.sendKeys(info);&#xA;                WebElement btnclick = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='loginButton']/div&quot;));&#xA;                btnclick.click();&#xA;                System.out.print(&quot;Passed&quot;);&#xA;           }&#xA;     }&#xA;     @AfterTest&#xA;public void tearDown(){&#xA;     driver.close();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Username and Password are&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;s (Username)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;03c7c0ace395d80182db07ae2c30f034 (Password)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastEditorUserId="8159" LastEditDate="2014-08-11T05:24:14.520" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T11:34:55.587" Title="Selenium webdriver java with jdbc" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9336" CreationDate="2014-08-09T12:00:31.617" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Overview&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.robotframework.org&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot framework&lt;/a&gt; is an excellent choice that meets all of your goals. Robot can be used for UI tests (via selenium), REST and SOAP service tests, database tests, and just about any other type of acceptance test. You can even use robot tests to improve your manual testing process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Robot is keyword driven&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Robot is keyword-driven, which makes it very easy to create test cases that can be understood by product managers and stakeholders, without them needing to learn a programming language. Also because it is keyword driven, it makes it easier for QA professionals with limited technical expertise to write tests. What I like about robot over some similar tools such as cucumber is that you have the choice to write BDD-style tests (given/when/then), procedural tests, and data-driven tests. You aren't locked into a single testing strategy -- you can choose the style that best fits each scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Robot is highly extensible&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Robot is highly &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#extending-robot-framework&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;extensible&lt;/a&gt;, in python, java, and/or any .NET language. In fact, you can use just about any language at all through the &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#remote-library-interface&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;remote API&lt;/a&gt; that robot has. The developers on your team can participate in testing by writing the more difficult keywords in a programming language while letting the QA people focus on test scenarios, coverage, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Robot integrates with development tools&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because tests are &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#supported-file-formats&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;plain text&lt;/a&gt;, they integrate extremely well with version control systems. They diff and merge nicely, especially if you use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#plain-text-format&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;plain-text&lt;/a&gt;, pipe-delimited format. There is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Robot+Framework+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;robot-specific jenkins plugin&lt;/a&gt;, and has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#starting-test-execution&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;command line test runner&lt;/a&gt;, so it is extremely easy to integrate with Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also because the tests are plain text, your test writes (both developers and QA) can use whatever tool they are most comfortable with. Developers can use emacs, visual studio, eclipse, etc. non-developers can use brackets, notepad++, sublime text, etc. Many of these editors have robot-specific programming modes that provide syntax highlighting and other features. You aren't forced to use a specialized tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Robot has robust reporting&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Robot generates a very simple-to-parse xml output file, and has an option to generate an xunit-style output file. This makes it pretty easy to integrate with other tools. It also has an interface that can call python functions for various test events -- for example, every time a suite finishes. Since testrail has a web-based API, it would be easy to set it up so that every time a suite finishes, it can send the results to testrail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Other advantages&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people prefer a real programming language when interacting with selenium, and that's certainly a great way to go if your team has the skill to do that. Most QA teams don't have that luxury. Even if you do, there are other advantages to using a framework like robot: &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#different-output-files&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;built-in reporting&lt;/a&gt;, a fabulous &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#tagging-test-cases&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tagging&lt;/a&gt; mechanism, and other features that just don't come with pure programming environments such as the robot &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#using-listener-interface&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;listener interface&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Summary&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the time that I write this I've used robot framework at three different organizations. For one of those it wasn't an organizational fit and was eventually abandoned. Developers did a lot of the testing and they wanted a real programming language. In the other two, there were more dedicated QA who write tests, and for both of those organizations, robot worked extremely well and was embraced by the entire organization -- POs, developers and QA alike.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it the best tool? No, there is no best. It is, however, extremely flexible, extremely extensible, and is a very effective testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastEditorUserId="1105" LastEditDate="2014-08-09T12:20:06.417" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T12:20:06.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9410" CreationDate="2014-08-09T12:23:48.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since this question was cross-posted to stackoverflow, I'll cross-post my answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, the use of test templates more-or-less require that the data is hard-coded in the test case. However, the test template is not much more than a wrapper around a for loop. You could do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| | ${database_rows}= | Run sql query&#xA;| | ... | Select * from the_database where ...&#xA;| | &#xA;| | :FOR | ${row} | IN | @{database_rows}&#xA;| | | Suspend Region | @{row}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this requires that you write the &quot;Run sql query&quot; keyword or an equivalent to fetch the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The downside of this is that all of the permutations are considered a single test case with multiple keywords, versus multiple test cases with a single keyword. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to have one test case per row in a database, you could write a script that does the query, generates a test suite file using the results of the query, and then runs pybot on the generated file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T12:23:48.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9401" CreationDate="2014-08-09T12:52:45.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What we do is tag the known-to-fail tests as non-critical, and then tell Jenkins to only consider critical tests when determining whether the build succeeded or failed. This way you still run the tests and can still see failing tests in the final report, but they don't break the build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is made easier by the fact our testing framework has support for critical/non-critical built-in, so it might be more difficult if your testing framework doesn't support any sort of tagging feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T12:52:45.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9411" CreationDate="2014-08-09T13:00:51.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remember that the ultimate goal is to create high quality code. Anything you do that gets you closer to that goal is OK. So, yes, it's OK for a developer to write automated acceptance tests if they want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more important question to be asking is, is it OK for the developer to be the &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; person to write automated tests for the feature they are working on? That depends a lot on your organization, your resources, the risk of missing a defect, etc. Generally speaking, some other person should be involved in testing the code besides the developer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's all too easy for a developer to think &quot;this one area can't possibly break, so I don't need to test it&quot; or &quot;I already testing this last week and it's solid!&quot;. It's also quite likely that if they are the type of person to not consider edge cases when developing code, they likely won't think of those edge cases when writing the test for the code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is a skill. It's not something just anyone can do. A skilled, professional tester will almost always do a better job testing a piece of software than the developer will do. If you don't have skilled professional testers, or you don't have &lt;em&gt;enough&lt;/em&gt; skilled professional testers, it's quite acceptable to have developers write tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, the goal is to create high quality software. Your team should do whatever it can to get as close to that goal as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2014-08-09T13:00:51.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9411" CreationDate="2014-08-10T08:01:47.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The highest quality product with the fewest production defects I ever worked on had no QA team. The developers were responsible for end-to-end service and the quality expectations were clear. The problems arise when changes are rushed through without sufficient validation - whether that is by QA or Dev.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers are often best placed to automate tests and also can make small changes to the implementation to make testing easier. For these reasons I would suggest best practice would be to have a tester assist in identifying what test cases offer the most value and specify their parameters. The developers can then implement these test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8436" LastActivityDate="2014-08-10T08:01:47.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8802" CreationDate="2014-08-10T15:47:34.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option would be to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.robotframework.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;robot framework&lt;/a&gt; with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/robotframework-autoitlibrary/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;autoit&lt;/a&gt; library. Robot is a keyword driven acceptance testing framework, which allows you to write your tests in a very readable, english-like format. Robot files are plain text so they integrate well with version control, and there is a robot format &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Robot+Framework+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;plugin&lt;/a&gt; for jenkins to support continuous integration. Robot also has a nice mechanism for tagging tests, and generates both xml and html reports and logs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2014-08-10T15:47:34.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9427" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9430" CreationDate="2014-08-11T10:46:11.217" Score="0" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should Copy Paste be allowed in Confirm e-mail address field?&#xA;What if we type in incorrect email address. And we are copy pasting the same? And this email id is not used for any sign up process and is used as a part of filing any insurance claim. It can cause issues if mails are not delivered. Personally i don't like to have copy paste feature in Confirm email address field. But i would like to know the common practice. Should it be allowed or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8336" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T06:06:34.827" Title="Should Copy Paste be allowed in Confirm e-mail address field?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2014-08-19T15:32:16.643" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9411" CreationDate="2014-08-11T11:48:31.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on structure and skills of your development team and testing team. If your testing team has only manual/exploratory testers with no skills/time/resources/etc to write automated tests, and you want automated test, the only people who can write them are developers, and then it is much more productive if developers writes tests for the new feature s/he is developing. Just common sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your test team has skills and resources to write automated test, is obviously more effective to specialize and developers develop new features, while testers develop the tests. Both groups use different libraries and design patterns, it is just common sense again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So without the context, your question does not make sense. In context, answer is obvious. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T11:48:31.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9228" CreationDate="2014-08-11T12:23:57.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use &lt;code&gt;driver.getPageSource()&lt;/code&gt; it gives you entire page source. &#xA;To be more efficient, use something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(.,.)]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;return element.getText.contains(data);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8499" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T12:23:57.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9427" CreationDate="2014-08-11T12:25:32.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should Copy Paste be allowed in Confirm e-mail address field?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this mentioned in your application's requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think forcing the user to enter the same information twice is foolish. IMHO, it's far better to have a 2-stage confirmation where the user must respond to an email before registration/confirmation is complete. If the user entered an incorrect email, the 2nd stage will fail and the user will know about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if your requirements are such that a &quot;confirm email&quot; field is required, I think it makes sense to disable the ability to paste into that field. That's an individual preference - the standards in your shop may differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What if we type in incorrect email address. And we are copy pasting&#xA;  the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T12:25:32.203" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9432" CreationDate="2014-08-11T14:49:44.480" Score="3" ViewCount="6868" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just started at a new company where the developers use TFS and Visual Studio 2013; they seem to use the two names interchangeably so I'm getting myself confused with which one is which and which one does what.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been creating test plans and test cases in the online version of VS, assigning them to work items and been creating bugs with no problems. However, it seems that I should be using the proper install for VS alongside MTM (which it looks like I don't have). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find any good tutorials for the VS install and the details provided on the MS website are awful. I need to know how to create test plans and assign them to projects, how to get MTM and how to utilise it for exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2129" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-05T08:19:22.303" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T08:52:57.830" Title="Are there any detailed tutorials for TFS, Visual Studio and MTM?" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-09-20T14:42:54.207" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9431" CreationDate="2014-08-11T16:09:28.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;TFS=Team Foundation Server.  All things microsoft that require storage and integration get run through this.  VS=Visual Studio.  All things that are &quot;visualized&quot; are pushed through this.  MTM=Microsoft Test manager.  This manages all tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with this then TFS stores everything and synchronizes it.  VS is a method to visualize things in order to interact with them (i.e. code files primarily).  And MTM is for the test execution/creation/updates/reporting.  Versioning is important as these all correspond with one another.  2013 means you need to get the 2013 version of MTM and VS as well since you want all of your functionality to synch up correctly.  If you don't then there may be some problems with the way some &quot;work items&quot; function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a simple note &quot;work items&quot; are anything that is stored in TFS and work is done against.  So test cases are &quot;work items&quot; that have a specific type of &quot;test case&quot;.  Just as bugs are &quot;work items&quot; that have a specific type of &quot;bug&quot;.  These can be custom defined as well so it depends on what your company has implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Review 2012 ones as those will probably give you the bulk of what you need to know and have been around for awhile.  2013 is minor tweaks and modifications that you can google/youtube specifically.  &lt;strong&gt;I have found the best ones tend to be on youtube...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;~Google/Youtube &quot;TFS tutorial&quot; and &quot;MTM tutorial&quot; and &quot;Visual Studio tutorial&quot; &#xA;You will find some helpful tutorials starting from beginners up.  Most of TFS and Visual Studio are focused on coding so unless you need to utilize source control and the code editor then a basic knowledge is good enough.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web and stand alone can accomplish most of the same things, but the web looks prettier and is easier to pick up.  Some things are not supported through the web though so you will want to look at it through the stand alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MTM and Visual Studio access the same &quot;Work Items&quot; in TFS and therefore you can see the test cases from both...but only MTM has the specific functionality to create/update/execute tests as you will want to do.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T16:09:28.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9431" CreationDate="2014-08-11T16:10:04.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is &quot;yes&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the places you can look are Microsoft's Channel9 site, in the TechEd presentations. Some that I know are particularly useful are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Microsoft Test Manager - &lt;a href=&quot;http://channel9.msdn.com/Events/TechEd/NorthAmerica/2013/DEV-B327#fbid=P-tUCSTcUQ5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://channel9.msdn.com/Events/TechEd/NorthAmerica/2013/DEV-B327#fbid=P-tUCSTcUQ5&lt;/a&gt; Visual Studio Premium or higher includes the install for MTM. This video covers exploratory testing, creating test plans and test cases, and managing tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TFS - &lt;a href=&quot;http://channel9.msdn.com/Events/TechEd/Europe/2012/DEV217&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://channel9.msdn.com/Events/TechEd/Europe/2012/DEV217&lt;/a&gt; This is an overview of the general process of software project management with TFS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other useful sites include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MSDN blogs - there are a ton of these and they will often include step-by-step guidelines.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stack Overflow - questions here tend to be much more technical but if someone's had a specific issue chances are good there's an answer buried in the assorted TFS tags&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main reason your devs are using TFS and VS more or less interchangeably is that once the TFS server is configured and Visual Studio is connected, integration is almost seamless. Integration with MTM is similar, although there are things that can only be done in specific locations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simple distinction is that TFS is the server, reporting, coordination, management, and project web portal hub. VS is a software development environment which also has the ability to do most of the functional things the project web portal can do. MTM is a testing environment which also has the ability to do most of the functional things the project web portal can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your system also has SharePoint integration, you get even more interesting web portal capabilities (none of which can be handled by VS or MTM).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T16:10:04.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9434" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-11T17:18:08.133" Score="2" ViewCount="46042" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ul class=&quot;appt-dropdown-menu&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;service-slot-blocker&quot; class=&quot;slot-blocker-holder&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;service-05b41399015375913&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;code class=&quot;light-blue&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;appt-details-dropdown-service-title&quot;&amp;gt;Facial&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;appt-details-dropdown-service-time&quot;&amp;gt;59mins&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;clearfix&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;service-sebd91399015377146&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to select dropdown value-Facial.&#xA;I tried the below options for finding the element: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div[4]/div[3]/ul/li[2]/div[1]/ul/li[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;    WebElement s=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div[4]/div[3]/ul/li[2]/div[1]/ul/li[2]&quot;));&#xA;    s.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am getting error as -element not visible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-09-02T12:47:06.520" LastActivityDate="2018-02-26T08:54:36.913" Title="Unable to locate element in a dropdown" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9411" CreationDate="2014-08-11T17:47:53.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The activity that a developer should not do against their own code is really test &lt;strong&gt;design&lt;/strong&gt;, not test execution or test automation. If the developer is doing their own test design, anything the developer forgot to think of won't be tested, by definition; a separate tester can think of things the developer did not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the developer is automating a test case written by someone else, there's no conflict involved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T17:47:53.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9434" CreationDate="2014-08-11T18:51:09.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am getting error as -element not visible&lt;/strong&gt;: is the element visible? Selenium can't interact with invisible elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is visible, you can do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@class='appt-details-dropdown-service-title']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7879" LastEditorUserId="7879" LastEditDate="2014-08-11T19:01:11.407" LastActivityDate="2014-08-11T19:01:11.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9427" CreationDate="2014-08-12T06:06:34.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personaly I think if a user circumvents a quality feature and therefore the application don't work as required, it's in his responsibility. But my opinion doesn't matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is offtopic (here), since it's about requirements. If you are to give feedback, ask exactly this question to the requirements engineer. If he doesn't know he'll have to ask the stakeholders. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't matter what our opinion is. Your feedback in this case can be to ask the right question, not neccessarily to make a suggestion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7150" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T06:06:34.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9411" CreationDate="2014-08-12T11:16:36.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the answer is both &lt;em&gt;yes&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously a developer &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; write automated tests for a feature he/she implemented. Whether that developer &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; write those tests is another argument and depends on - among other things - the type of automated test being written, the style of development, whose time is better utilized performing which task, and of course, office politics (which alas can't ever be escaped).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, a developer &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; write automated tests for their feature when:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they are doing test driven development and writing the unit tests before they write the implementation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they are writing unit tests, period. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the automated tests require knowledge of the internal workings of the application code which testers may not be able to access/use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the automated tests will be compiled and run as part of the build process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers &lt;em&gt;may not&lt;/em&gt; be the best people to write automated tests for their feature when:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the tests are at the functional, API, or GUI level and don't need knowledge of the internal code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;time constraints are pushing them to a different feature development (once a developer starts on a new project, the advantage of deep familiarity with the code starts to fade rapidly, and within a month or so is almost completely gone)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter &lt;em&gt;who&lt;/em&gt; writes the automated tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they should be reviewed by someone else for code quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they should be reviewed by someone else for missed scenarios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The argument that developers &quot;can't&quot; test their own code stems from &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inattentional_blindness&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;inattentional blindness&lt;/a&gt;, where familiarity with the code through development causes potential problems to be missed. Someone else reviewing their tests will reduce the impact, as will returning to something after a period of time working on a different project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, yes, programmers are subject to inattentional blindness when creating automated tests for features they developed, but that doesn't mean that they absolutely should not create those tests. They may still be the best person available to create them (if, for instance, the rest of the dev team is fully occupied and the test team are primarily manual testers, then the best person to write the automation is the developer who wrote the feature).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T11:16:36.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9419" CreationDate="2014-08-12T11:34:55.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;You have md5 encrypted passwords. When it is theoretically no way of decrypting md5 encrypted password there is a way to decrypt a MD5 hash, using a dictionary populated with strings and their MD5 counterpart. As most users use very simple passwords (like &quot;123456&quot;, &quot;password&quot;, &quot;abc123&quot;, or in your case 's'), MD5 dictionaries make them very easy to retrieve. However if it is the case - it is major security issue and should be fixed by combining hash algorithms or adding &quot;salt&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details consider looking into following pages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://md5.gromweb.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://md5.gromweb.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second:&lt;/strong&gt; The best way to handle multiple users within code is to create separate class for users and use a list of such objects, or, if you only need user names and passwords, to use dictionary where username is a key and password is a value with simple iteration based on that.&#xA;The best way is not to use application database directly (because on secure system you will not be able to  access user accounts anyway) but to create several test accounts with predefined usernames and passwords for your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5385" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T11:34:55.587" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9434" CreationDate="2014-08-12T12:25:07.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To select a value from a dropdownlist or multiselect using Selenium, you will have to use the Select function instead of trying to click on the element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;appt-dropdown-menu&quot;)));&#xA;dropdown.selectByVisibleText(Facial);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but as Mutt pointed out, the html code you have given does not contain a dropdown element. for the above code to work you have to located a valid dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8509" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T12:25:07.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9441" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-12T13:38:06.887" Score="9" ViewCount="25942" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an web-based enterprise application created in Asp.Net. I am testing a text box which accepts alpha-numeric character and maximum 255 chars. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from normal boundary values, nulls, negative data inputs what are some unique, invalid and out of the box data inputs, that will surely crash the application. Some clever ideas in general that will force the application to stall or stop functioning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8510" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:56:01.613" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T12:30:10.050" Title="What are some Invalid data inputs that will break a text box?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9441" CreationDate="2014-08-12T13:45:24.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try non-ASCII characters. A few to choose from are &lt;a href=&quot;http://terpconnect.umd.edu/~zben/Web/CharSet/htmlchars.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. And the whole universe of Chinese, Indian, etc. scripts. Try Google Translate for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-05-31T12:30:10.050" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T12:30:10.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9441" CreationDate="2014-08-12T14:21:34.683" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Honestly, the only limit is your imagination. You'll find out pretty quickly if the programmers took the permissive approach (allow everything except...) or the repressive approach (prevent everything except...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy/Paste the entire text of Hamlet (thanks to QA Hates You for this one (you'll have to google for it - I don't have access at work)) into the field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drag/Drop the entire text of Hamlet into the field. It's possible someone thought to prevent copy/paste but not drag/drop.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try some SQL injection... or code snippets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or HTML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there's anything that logically shouldn't be there (like a negative age), try to enter it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change your browser language and input data in that language (or build a virtual with a foreign language keyboard layout and foreign language OS, then use that to enter data - it will catch places where the programmers are using key-press recognition rather than string checks to identify special characters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hold down a key. Does input stop at the field size limit or not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of these ideas will necessarily break the application - a really good development team will have limited input in a way that prevents anything not explicitly allowed and then checks and cleans anything that gets through despite their precautions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T14:21:34.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-12T14:38:53.900" Score="0" ViewCount="4853" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked as a software tester in small corporation for about three years now. I still have a long way to go, but I've understood that it takes something special to be a great tester in today's Agile environments. Be it bug finding or understanding the application structure, it requires creativity to go ahead smoothly. I feel it's the ability to generate multiple, unique and out of the box test ideas to test an application successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the more important traits required to excel and provide business value to the stakeholders in today's fast changing software industry?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8510" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-12T16:48:49.990" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T08:08:03.903" Title="&quot;What are the most important qualities of a Software Tester?&quot;" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-08-19T15:34:14.920" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9444" CreationDate="2014-08-12T17:00:19.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very open ended question. I will try to maintain an objective list and leave opinion out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Detail Oriented while also maintaining a bigger impact picture (Some are one or the other which working together as a team provides full coverage with this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical knowledge and ability to figure things out (constant technology changes are happening and a Software Tester needs to be able to keep up)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer focus.  This often involves requirements, but a tester who is able to test an application while keeping in mind the customer will find the &quot;best&quot; bugs and not just everything that appears to be problematic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Curiosity at understanding what the exact issue is.  (Many times just finding something and writing it up doesn't actually produce what the real issue is...also the really good testers are curious enough to dig on odd behaviors to uncover the hidden bugs that have far reaching affects, but usually aren't obvious or part of the normal testing.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good communication, especially in writing up bugs.  Clear communication helps everyone do their jobs better and decreases on the churn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Massive objectivity.  Often a tester will receive all sorts of flak from others (specifically dev) because their job is to ensure quality.  Depending on the organizations structure sometimes dev quality work is judged by the number of bugs in their code.  This of course will start a war between QA and Dev because by QA doing their jobs Dev is scared of getting fired.  (Management issue here, but when there are alot of business people managing technical people this happens very often.  Management counts numbers)   So the tester maintaining objectivity despite what is going on around him/her is important for a solid tester.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Streamlining things for repeatability and scalability (automation) although there are many good traits of this that are utilized throughout manual test cases and documentation and dividing up regression tests as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T17:00:19.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9444" CreationDate="2014-08-12T17:08:07.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Qualities that make a great tester have nothing to do with the development methodology being used - the same qualities that make a tester great in an Agile setting make them great in a Waterfall setting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the big ones from my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Personal Characteristics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Communications skills&lt;/strong&gt; - being able to find issues doesn't matter if the tester can't communicate them &lt;em&gt;accurately and tactfully&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Advocacy&lt;/strong&gt; - This is something of a subset of communications, but deserves its own listing because a great tester is able to give solid, researched reasons why specific issues need to be fixed; able to advocate for testing in general and their team in specific.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Attention to detail&lt;/strong&gt; - this might be a bit clichéd, but being able to notice that some little thing is off is crucial to finding issues - not to mention validating complex business logic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Big picture thinking&lt;/strong&gt; - It's a challenge to be able to focus on small details &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; big picture at the same time, but great testers can and do. Tracking a small detail without losing the big picture is crucial.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Persistence&lt;/strong&gt; - when something frustrating and intermittent is happening, a great tester keeps trying different ideas to chase down the root cause. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fast learner&lt;/strong&gt; - I've yet to work in an environment where the learning curve wasn't so steep it could be described as a learning &lt;em&gt;cliff&lt;/em&gt;. With overhang.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Technical Skills&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Familiarity with software and hardware&lt;/strong&gt; - This doesn't mean hard-core geek, but knowing the difference between a serial and a parallel port matters if the application being tested uses both. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Basic to moderate knowledge of SQL&lt;/strong&gt; - being able to find information in a database is invaluable to every testing job I've needed to do. Being able to manipulate database information is also helpful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Speaker to Management&lt;/strong&gt; - being able to translate from programmer to normal human or to manager is particularly important if the test group doesn't have a lead or manager doing this job for them. All three groups will use the same words but mean quite different things by them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Read code&lt;/strong&gt; - being able to read code is actually more important than being able to write code, in my experience. It allows the tester to trace logic and find potential edges to the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boundary Rider&lt;/strong&gt; - searching for boundaries in the application and exercising them means pushing the application in the places where it's most likely to have weaknesses. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as creativity and thinking out of the box goes, I'm not really qualified to discuss that because I never could find the wretched box in the first place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T17:08:07.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9441" CreationDate="2014-08-12T19:42:43.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A simple but good test is also to test HTML character codes. Your application may also the specific characters such &amp;amp;, # and numeric values which stringed together could make something like &amp;amp;#174 which just so happens to be the registered symbol. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is accepted you need to make sure that where ever that data comes out again that it's still &amp;amp;#174 and not a ® symbol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reverse is to enter the special characters and ensure they come out in the right format, assuming they're valid as per your requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8516" LastActivityDate="2014-08-12T19:42:43.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9449" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9465" CreationDate="2014-08-13T06:13:22.027" Score="0" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3Tqw6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coding is done in asp.net. Please see the tool tip.Cant that be properly aligned? developer is saying that it is asp's default property and cant do anything. I don't have any idea on coding side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8336" LastEditorUserId="8336" LastEditDate="2014-08-13T07:16:31.990" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T10:44:46.167" Title="Issue in tool tip content" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-13T13:54:20.360" Score="0" ViewCount="398" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester and I want to learn test automation. I have basic knowledge of core Java and I would start to learn Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I start to learn Selenium IDE, Selenium1/RC or Web driver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, any websites/apps on which I can practice test automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8518" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T11:26:54.263" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T11:26:54.263" Title="Which version of Selenium should I learn?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-08-19T15:39:59.640" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9450" CreationDate="2014-08-13T14:11:24.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;@logician: Please go through this link &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;seleniumhq&lt;/a&gt; here you will get all the information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to automate take any web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T14:11:24.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9450" CreationDate="2014-08-13T14:23:03.537" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;That partially depends on what you want to automate. From the front page of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot;&gt;SeleniumHQ&lt;/a&gt; (my highlighting):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you want to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;create &lt;strong&gt;quick bug reproduction scripts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;create scripts to aid in automation-aided &lt;strong&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Then you want to use Selenium IDE; a Firefox add-on that will do&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;simple record-and-playback of interactions with the browser.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversely,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you want to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;create robust, browser-based &lt;strong&gt;regression automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;scale and distribute scripts across &lt;strong&gt;many environments&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Then you want to use Selenium WebDriver; a collection of language&#xA;  specific bindings to drive a browser -- the way it is meant to be&#xA;  driven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RC is deprecated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver is the &lt;strong&gt;successor of Selenium Remote Control which&#xA;  has been officially deprecated&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Server is for more complex cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Selenium Server (used by both&#xA;  WebDriver and Remote Control) now also includes built-in grid&#xA;  capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, after using both IDE and WebDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IDE is a relatively simple Firefox extension in which you can probably write useful tests within minutes of installing it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IDE isn't perfect; the issues may have been fixed in the meantime, but when I last used it (2013) it would sometimes not record my session, or would use 100% CPU until I killed it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver gives you the strength and complexity of a programming language:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can very easily reuse boilerplate code to get the system into a known state.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can implement unsupported operations in an OK language (Java) rather than an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=javascript%20criticism&quot;&gt;often critiqued&lt;/a&gt; one (JavaScript).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastEditorUserId="951" LastEditDate="2014-08-13T14:51:15.317" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T14:51:15.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9441" CreationDate="2014-08-13T15:06:38.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thumbs up for all the above answers.. Would like to add one more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try inputting &amp;lt;&gt; angular braces or HTML close tag in input field. Also try this on URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you see a stack trace or yellow page that means there is an issue with url redirect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8519" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T11:31:10.460" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T11:31:10.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9444" CreationDate="2014-08-13T15:20:46.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wow..the above two answers are just amazing. There is little space for me to answer. For 3+ years of testing experience Resource Management is the key. Learn how to manage and deploy the resources working under you to achieve the deadline.&#xA;In other words resource management is the art which you earn after lot of practical experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8519" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T15:20:46.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9441" CreationDate="2014-08-13T16:19:19.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The examples here might be of some help: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-strings.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/general-input-tests-for-strings.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And these: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/some-strings-for-pasting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/some-strings-for-pasting.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related items here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Test%20Data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Test%20Data&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-08-13T16:19:19.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2014-08-13T18:12:33.590" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try imacros for web and winparrot for windows.&#xA;Imacros is helpful when you have to do repetitive task or filling a form multiple times. We can also use excel for providing different values everytime the form is submitted. You can say it's a small regression but very handy tool for testers. But it can only help with web application. For windows application i suggest winparrot. About winparrot: Start recording your tasks or your entries, WinParrot will replay them immediately without programming you could run a screen grab tool to capture an image, then do something with the resulting file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8519" LastEditorUserId="8519" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T11:49:47.513" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T11:49:47.513" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9457" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9460" CreationDate="2014-08-13T19:30:56.323" Score="1" ViewCount="1004" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose we have a contact form with these fields:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;first name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;last name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;contact number&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pin code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While writing test cases is it a good practice to group similar test cases? For example test cases for first name and last name will be same; similarly contact number and pin code will only accept numeric value except the length of contact number and pin code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you guys generally deal with this in your test case structure? I believe TC should be more focus on specifics and similar test cases should be grouped, this may differ from company to company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8519" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T11:45:33.633" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T04:34:30.950" Title="How to effectively deal with repetitive test cases" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8689" CreationDate="2014-08-13T20:46:45.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some research would have been appreciated. You have not mentioned about file type. Since no details are available I have considered your application does upload and download which in case of upload goes to the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the file size before and after transferred to the database, it should be same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the file upload is in progress disconnect the internet and connect again, how does your application respond.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does application start data transfer from the beginning or from where it left when the internet was disconnected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the same scenaeio for download if internet disconnects while the download is in progress.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it allows to upload same file more than once or is there any validation. Check FRS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for the extension after file upload in database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the extension of half file upload on database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;File size limitation on upload and download.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the threshold time set for file upload in case of low internet connectivity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error on disk full.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are hundreds of other scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8519" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T11:29:26.787" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T11:29:26.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9450" CreationDate="2014-08-14T07:14:43.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can start learning WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is used to make your job easy in writing code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium RC is older version of selenium which is being rarely used. So I would suggest learn webdriver and once you are comfortable with it, use Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8373" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T07:14:43.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9457" CreationDate="2014-08-14T07:39:02.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On some occassions you might do well with just giving instructions in one test case step / test description. This works if you can be sure that the tester will be able to work effectively with general description. Your example is an easy one for human, so basically you can be quite sure that tester will be able to test the right things with quite roughly detailed test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more general approach, that works also on the fields where the tester does not yet know the system under test thoroughly and needs more instructions on what to test you can use test requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Split your requirements in things that you want to test about the requirements. In your example you could make one requirement giving instructions what you should test about text fields and another about what you should test about numerical fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Link these test requirements to your test cases. As test case steps you can just list the things the tester needs to go trough ( the contact for fields ) - he will have the further instructions in the test requirement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you later change the specification, for example if you would add arabic support for your text fields and would need to test that you would just need to change the test requirement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T07:39:02.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1738" CreationDate="2014-08-14T08:00:50.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im using Sikuli for enterprise level Oracle forms deployments.  It can be a bit fiddly when validating small details and it can't really handle verifying quantity/price box values etc but when combined with jdbc etc to validate the value it is very useful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8526" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T08:00:50.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9444" CreationDate="2014-08-14T08:08:03.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answers above are brilliant and cover your question pretty well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing that I would add that, as a tester, you have to have a passion and a love for what you are doing. I've been in QA for just over 10 years now and I still get a thrill when I find a bug. Plus, it's incredibly satisfying to see a product I have worked on being shipped; knowing I had an impact on that product and made it what it is is very rewarding. You are more likely to find issues and 'think outside the box' if you genuinely care about what you are testing and how you are testing it. I know that some tasks can be laborious and mind numbing....but if you can come out the other side feeling happy with what you have achieved, then you can consider yourself a good tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2129" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T08:08:03.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9463" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-14T08:34:06.947" Score="2" ViewCount="343" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two legacy applications with huge source code base which should get integrated into one application. As my knowledge of the domain of the applications is quite limited and there is no testing documentation (only exploratory testing was done till now) , I want to prepare a set of test cases to cover existing application functionality. Afterwards I want to use these test sets after the merge of applications to assure that from functional point of view new app works in the same way as old apps and the changes in code didn't cause any regression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I researched on this topic and found some methodologies which might be usedful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ACC&lt;/strong&gt; (attributes - components - capabilities) - this is rather manual process and depends strongly on the experience of a test engineer (&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/test-analytics/wiki/AccExplained&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/test-analytics/wiki/AccExplained&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MBT&lt;/strong&gt; (Model-Based Testing) - test cases are automatically generated using specialized tool, test cases quality depends on the quality of a model i.e. the things we didn't model won't get tested&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BDT&lt;/strong&gt; (Behavior Driven Testing) - test cases will be derived from user story acceptance criteria, again it's a manual process&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What would be the best methodology to use in my case ?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4280" LastEditorUserId="4280" LastEditDate="2014-08-18T06:38:29.653" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T03:54:20.200" Title="Systematic approach to test case generation" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9441" CreationDate="2014-08-14T10:01:45.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best thing to enter as input are some simple example of SQL injection or HTML like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;alert(&quot;123&quot;)&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;alert(document.cookie)&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&quot;Testing&quot;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt; etc...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-08-14T11:45:37.810" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T11:45:37.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9449" CreationDate="2014-08-14T10:44:46.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it can be properly aligned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OFkvd.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Correctly-aligned tooltip&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's not properly aligned, my guess it's because there are line-breaks in the tooltip text in the HTML, something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;3&quot; title=&quot;(Heat&#xA;) Burns of scald. The effect of contact with hot substances. (Chemical)&#xA;burns, tissue damae resulting from the corrosive  action chemicals, fume,&#xA;etc., (acids, alkalies)&quot;&amp;gt;Burn 2&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That results in a tooltip looking something like your screenshot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dvesS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Mis-aligned tooltip&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why I recommended you take a look at the HTML itself (right click on the screen and select View Source).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, even if you look at the HTML it doesn't give you the full story of why it's like that. For example, I don't know if that tooltip is hard-coded, or if it's configurable by the user somehow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T10:44:46.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2014-08-14T12:53:04.457" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Place a camera behind tester's back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8528" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T12:53:04.457" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9441" CreationDate="2014-08-14T13:20:08.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's an article that covers many of the ideas above and some others: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/article/how-skeleton-strings-can-help-your-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How Skeleton Strings Can Help Your Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4659" LastActivityDate="2014-08-14T13:20:08.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9132" CreationDate="2014-08-15T07:43:58.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;VisualUIAVerify relies on the MSAA interfaces to find the information about all the controls on window UI. If the third party components used in your application doesn't support MSAA, no way that test frameworks that relies on MSAA to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check out the testability support with the third party component provider, they may have their own ways to support GUI accessibility or testablity. I've seeing this before.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask your development team to provide additional APIs to let you call and get the controls's information, like control coordination&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use image recognition based test tool like sikuli &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4993" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T07:43:58.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2014-08-15T09:41:51.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should educate your tester/qa to be clear when reporting issues including steps on how to reproduce the problems. It is a problems about the people not about lacking of tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6632" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T09:41:51.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9073" CreationDate="2014-08-15T09:51:54.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suggestion: Every test automation shall run in a dedicated environment, dev code/script/db changes shall always auto deploy to this environment, automated test shall only run here. With such design the team can easily design the automated test an test data as well. After each success test execution, restore the whole db. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6632" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T09:51:54.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9471" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9475" CreationDate="2014-08-15T11:32:29.790" Score="1" ViewCount="661" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not completely certain if it's better to post here or security, so, trying here first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently attempting to test a new feature in a desktop application that uses 2 way pinning for https traffic. If the client certificate (built into the application) is not one that's expected, the server will return an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, running something like Fiddler would be fine, but, because of the fact that the Fiddler uses it's own, we can not see the traffic coming back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way in Fiddler to import a certificate that I haven't managed to find yet, or, is there another way to inspect this traffic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T08:33:51.960" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T08:33:51.960" Title="Fiddler and 2 way pinned certificates" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8952" CreationDate="2014-08-15T16:57:24.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are perhaps three reasons why this might fail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The page hasn't finished loading, so the element isn't there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The page has finished loading, and the page simply doesn't contain the item -- perhaps because you spelled it wrong in the test or the developer spelled it wrong in the code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The page contains embedded frames, and the element you seek is in an embedded frame.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on your comments to another anwer, it appears that the problem is 3 - the table was in an embedded frame. If that's the case, you need to switch to the frame before locating the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T16:57:24.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7494" CreationDate="2014-08-15T17:54:45.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Robotium, you only have access to activities that belong to your application. Gallery, Image Gallery, Photos, ect. launch activities that do not belong to your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8539" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T17:54:45.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9476" CreationDate="2014-08-15T18:03:37.577" Score="0" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a suite of tests for our company's Android app using Android JUnit and Robotium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written a Utility that can enable and disable networking for a device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Question is:&#xA;&quot;Is there an easy way to run a JUnit Test with parameters?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to be able to run these test under normal network conditions, and then again when the network cuts out mid test, but I do not want to be copying and pasting tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8539" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T18:39:38.367" Title="Android JUnit With Varying Network Conditions" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9471" CreationDate="2014-08-15T18:10:39.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you haven't already looked into it you can register client certificates as mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.telerik.com/fiddler/configure-fiddler/tasks/RespondWithClientCert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.telerik.com/fiddler/configure-fiddler/tasks/RespondWithClientCert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also utilize Soapui to send communications with certificates, but that's just services...not sure if this is a service or part of the webapp...sounds like it's coded in the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all else fails you can utilize wireshark to pull all the traffic out and from there try to filter for the specific traffic you are looking for and see that it is communicating as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T18:10:39.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9474" CreationDate="2014-08-15T18:39:38.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend that you create a custom wrapper for your tests.  Put this as a call for your test initialization so that it will fire on all your tests, but the code for managing it will all be in a single place.  Read from a property or config file the parameter to indicate &quot;normal&quot; and &quot;cut out&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming that your &quot;mid test&quot; has a timer or something to manage this?  There could be some trickiness and possible threading that is necessary depending on what is managing this...please provide more info on this part if this doesn't answer the full question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T18:39:38.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8738" CreationDate="2014-08-15T21:10:26.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since this hasn't been answered or commented on for months I figure I will answer.  No I haven't used HP Agile Manager, but I have utilized and administered Jira and other atlassian tools for several years and would recommend that hands down for any ticket/bug/wiki/process tool.  Jira is highly customizable (newer versions) and has tons of benefits for various project separation including screens/workflows/issue types/security/user grouping and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have executed agile and CMMI 5 processes and bugs successfully and efficiently utilizing Jira and tied into confluence for wiki support that also contained use cases and design docs that were linked to requirements in Jira and bugs and related to functionality rolled up that then offered good graphs and output tracking that satisfied every level of management including external auditors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Out of the box Jira has a basic flow that can easily be used for agile scrum like processes and has a an Agile package for management, bonfire for test execution/screenshot to bug generation, GIT and SVN integration is available as well.  The code is open source(&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/opensource/overview#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.atlassian.com/opensource/overview#&lt;/a&gt;!) although usage is licensed so that you can pay for licensing and develop anything you want in java to tie into Jira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-15T21:10:26.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9479" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9480" CreationDate="2014-08-18T09:05:22.390" Score="1" ViewCount="1973" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an application which is secured by http authentication. So when I open the URL it is looking for user/pass in windows authentication dialog. I wanted handle this dialog to enter user/pass and click OK button to proceed further on web browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with WebDriver by passing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;br.get('https://user:pass@URL')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it did not work. Any solution is much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8547" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T15:24:21.117" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T15:24:21.117" Title="How to handle widows authentication dialog using webdriver in python" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9479" CreationDate="2014-08-18T12:16:43.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is not able to interact directly with OS functionality.  So unless there is some backend service that allows you to create the connection through the browser somehow you can't use Selenium for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write custom code to do this outside of selenium and then put it in the middle of your test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Utilize another testing tool at least for the login and then go back to Selenium.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is a good tool for this type of thing.  You can execute your sikuli test command line via code and then roll into your test after login is successful.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-18T12:16:43.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9230" CreationDate="2014-08-18T13:39:05.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using a network analyser / packet sniffer such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiddler_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; to get a trace of a browser's normal http/https requests, and compare with what JMeter has been recording?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2014-08-18T13:39:05.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9463" CreationDate="2014-08-18T14:52:37.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure you could use any of these or others out there or do your own.  To start I think you should ask a few questions and get those answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What test output is needed?&#xA;This could be...just test it and call it good or it could be some kind of report which would indicate the test needs to produce results that match that criteria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I functionally breakdown the applications into something tangible?  This could be workflows/use cases/requirements/test objectives/code breakdown etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the main point of each functionality?  This usually involves the market of what the product is designed for in the first place.  This is your &quot;user focus&quot; question to make sure your testing is lining up with the users expectations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any process that must be adhered to?  Based on your feedback of your applications so far I think this answer is no, but it's always good to make sure your testing lines up with a standard delivery process so that you can schedule proper testing along side development.  I'm sure someone at some point in the life cycle development has release criteria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you have all of that information you can see what &quot;artifacts&quot; will be most important for you.  By &quot;artifacts&quot; I mean anything that stays around to help in the future.  So Test Cases(manual/automated), Requirements, Use Cases, Work Flows, Bug report summaries, functional breakdowns, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your chosen method will then be easier to choose once you know what you need to end up with.  Then you can start by creating those artifacts for the existing applications.  Then merge those artifacts together for the future application.  Automated tests and manual tests would be able to be extrapolated from the information at this point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-18T14:52:37.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9489" CreationDate="2014-08-18T19:41:14.623" Score="2" ViewCount="3721" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am load-testing a page that has embedded resources.  The test needs to load the page and its embedded resources.  The page request needs to specify an HTTP header: a Host header, e.g. Host: abc.  The embedded resources are in a different domain from my page, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.jquery.com/jquery.min.js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.jquery.com/jquery.min.js&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My JMeter plan has an HTTP Request sampler, which has a child HTTP Header Manager element that specifies the Host header.  I'm using the &quot;Retrieve All Embedded Resources&quot; option on the HTTP Request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The initial page request works as it should, but all the subsequent requests -- the ones to fetch the embedded resources -- fail with a 404.  If I disable the HTTP Header Manager (i.e. if I don't send the Host header), the embedded resource requests work. Unfortunately, the test is invalid without that Host header.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here's the question: is there a way to tell JMeter to use a header on the page request but not on the requests for the page's embedded resources?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked through the JMeter docs, and I've tried Googling for &quot;jmeter request header first request only&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using JMeter 2.11 with the HttpClient4 HTTP Request implementation.  The HttpClient3.1  and Java implementations behave similarly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-08-18T19:48:22.173" LastActivityDate="2019-07-24T09:50:21.670" Title="JMeter: how to specify header for page request but not for embedded resource requests?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9485" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-18T22:00:23.297" Score="1" ViewCount="2291" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using a Sikuli wrapper for .NET (Sikuli4Net).  Using an embedded jetty server, it exposes the core functionality of Sikuli for use within .NET projects.  However, in Visual Studio, when I try to run a WebDriver test script in which I included Sikuli4Net commands, as soon as the first Sikuli4Net command executes, the test fails with the following error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Name:  TheBusinessRulesAndProjectsOptionalActionsTest&#xA;Test FullName:  BatteryCorp.Test.UI.IterationChinese.BusinessRulesAndProjectsOptionalActions.TheBusinessRulesAndProjectsOptionalActionsTest&#xA;Test Source:    c:\BCApps\Main\Src\AutomatedTesting_Solution\BatteryCorp.Test.UI\IterationChinese\BusinessRulesAndProjectsOptionalActions.cs : line 51&#xA;Test Outcome:   Failed&#xA;Test Duration:  0:00:28.397&#xA;&#xA;Result Message: &#xA;System.Net.WebException : Unable to connect to the remote server&#xA;  ----&amp;gt; System.Net.Sockets.SocketException : No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it 127.0.0.1:8080&#xA;Result StackTrace:  &#xA;at System.Net.HttpWebRequest.GetRequestStream(TransportContext&amp;amp; context)&#xA;at System.Net.HttpWebRequest.GetRequestStream()&#xA;at Sikuli4Net.sikuli_REST.Screen.MakeRequest(String requestURLExtension, String jsonObject)&#xA;at Sikuli4Net.sikuli_REST.Screen.Find(Pattern pattern, Boolean highlight)&#xA;at Something.Test.UI.Something2.Something3.TheSomethingTest() in c:\BCApps\Something.cs:line 79&#xA;--SocketException&#xA;at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.DoConnect(EndPoint endPointSnapshot, SocketAddress socketAddress)&#xA;at System.Net.ServicePoint.ConnectSocketInternal(Boolean connectFailure, Socket s4, Socket s6, Socket&amp;amp; socket, IPAddress&amp;amp; address, ConnectSocketState state, IAsyncResult asyncResult, Exception&amp;amp; exception)&#xA;Result StandardOutput:  --Log for this test run can be found at: C:\BCApps\Something\Sikuli4Net.Client.Logs\log.8182014449 PM.txt--&#xA;:::Making Request to Service: http://localhost:8080/sikuli/api/find POST: {&quot;jPattern&quot;:{&quot;imagePath&quot;:&quot;C:/BCApps/Something/PatternImages/CDrive.png&quot;,&quot;offset_x&quot;:0,&quot;offset_y&quot;:0,&quot;similar&quot;:0.7},&quot;highlight&quot;:false}:::&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8101" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T14:16:24.137" Title="Sikuli wrapper for .NET..Unable to connect to the remote server" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9484" CreationDate="2014-08-19T13:26:06.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, it is not a good idea to include external resources into your load test. You need to performance test your server, not &lt;code&gt;code.jquery.com&lt;/code&gt; (unless you need to test code.jquery.com itself)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to filter everything external like scripts, banners, etc. as it doesn't make any sense due to not having control of external resources performance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206732519-Excluding-Domains-from-the-Load-Test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Excluding Certain Domains from the Load Test&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it applies to your server, this is not possible directly as in case of &quot;Retrieve all embedded resources&quot; option turned on the parent HTTPSamplerProxy is being cloned. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you can work it around by breaking down main request and all requests to download embedded resources and combine them together via &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Transaction_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Transaction Controller&lt;/a&gt; to look like a single request in load report as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transaction Controller&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Main Request&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Header Manager (host: foo)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;embedded resource 1 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;embedded resource 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;embedded resource ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="269" LastEditDate="2019-07-24T09:50:21.670" LastActivityDate="2019-07-24T09:50:21.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9490" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9492" CreationDate="2014-08-19T14:26:40.847" Score="2" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a unit test passes, what you can infer is - barred exceptions - that the unit tested works as intended. Nothing can be said about all other components involved since they might be (and usually are) faked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers' confidence in the quality of a product, on the other end, is boosted by looking at acceptance tests. Such tests operate at a higher level and should cover the behaviour of the system when used by the stakeholder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The question:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Say you, as a tester, are about to release a new version of the software. You can choose whether to look at the status of the unit tests - which cover pretty extensively the system, unit-wise - or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does looking at the tests have any effect on you? For instance:&#xA; - how is your confidence in the quality of the release affected?&#xA; - would you test differently (different approach, more in-depth testing of some component with respect to others, ...) if you didn't check the status of those tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8189" LastEditorUserId="8189" LastEditDate="2014-08-19T16:10:38.540" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T13:41:40.527" Title="Can testers benefit from knowing the status of unit tests?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9490" CreationDate="2014-08-19T16:10:07.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am system/integration tester working with competent developers. They are expected (and I fully trust them to do it) run unit tests before commit, and fix any broken unit tests promptly, and especially before start of any integration/system tests. We have huge unit test suite and on occasion some more obscure unit tests are broken for few days, if it does not influence core system testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing that some unit test for core functionality are failing would inform me not to waste time on any system tests - there is no way to get valid results. For some specific values of &quot;core functionality&quot; and &quot;valid results&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If unit tests of core functionality routinely fail and remain unfixed for prolonged time interval, it informs me that development process is broken. Not sure how beneficial this info would be to testers. Could be useful to management tho. In our company, manager of developers is different from manager of test team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule, it makes sense to measure what you can manage. There is little use to collect information about aspects of your system which are 100% out of your influence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your hypothetical scenario: If core unit tests are failing, we would advise management to delay the release. But developers know that, and would never dream pushing release with broken unit tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To release or not&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;managerial&lt;/strong&gt; decision. &quot;A&quot; in QA does not stand for &lt;strong&gt;Assurance&lt;/strong&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;Assistance&lt;/strong&gt;. QA provides information so &lt;strong&gt;management can make informed decisions.&lt;/strong&gt; If you have to ask this question, your process is broken, and no amount of &quot;assurance&quot; can mend it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-08-19T19:12:09.060" LastActivityDate="2014-08-19T19:12:09.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9490" CreationDate="2014-08-19T21:33:22.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a few considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There are multiple reasons why a unit test might fail.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit tests have to be maintained just like the system under test does.  When a unit test breaks, it might point to a bug in the system under test, or it might point to a bug in the unit test (e.g. a timing issue), or it might even point to a unit test that no longer makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No one here can tell you what your process should be.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no universal right answer for your question because it depends on the circumstances.  Development and test processes vary from one company to the next.  If I were in you, I would discuss it with your team and figure out what works for everyone involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You and your developers should agree on how unit tests fit into your development process.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you aren't sure whether a failing unit test is a problem, you need to talk to your developers (or your manager, or their manager) about it.  For example, you might agree that all unit tests need to pass before you start testing -- although that policy could have unintended consequences.  Or you might agree there should be a bug opened for every unit test that's broken at the beginning of the QA cycle so that broken unit tests can be triaged like any other kind of bug.  Or you might decide that unit test failures are an internal developer issue that has no relevance to testing because the developers are mature enough to fix the tests that really matter.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-08-19T21:33:22.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9500" CreationDate="2014-08-20T04:41:14.140" Score="0" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you want to see the changes made to a test in MTM, you go the history tab, but it just gives you the whole &quot;steps&quot; field. There is no way, as far as I know, to see the actual steps that were changed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool available for it? What are my options?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:59:48.680" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:59:48.680" Title="View changes to test steps in MTM" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9490" CreationDate="2014-08-20T07:56:28.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;On some projects testers certainly can benefit from knowing the status of unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) To initiate discussions. If unit tests have not passed before the testing / release, I would like to know why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) On some cases testers being able to see the status of unit tests and ask these questions has positive impact on maintaining unit tests. Sometimes testers not only ask the status of unit tests, but also what do they actually test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) On some projects the information what has been changed in the code/functionality is not automatically accessible to testers. Seeing what unit tests have failed at some point give more information about possible faulty areas in the software, allowing testers to concentrate their efforts better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T07:56:28.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9496" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-20T10:37:31.400" Score="10" ViewCount="41094" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a suite of web-drivers tests that run in chrome and IE 10, but will not run in IE 11.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests fail in IE-11 when clicking a button as the following action (a form popup) does not occur. I cannot repeat this manually and this only seems to happen in IE-11. No exceptions are thrown when finding the button or clicking the button. This is an intermittent error as sometimes the clicking will work and the tests will run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can put an explicit wait before the click(s) occur and tests will then run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The button is always present in the DOM (not added later by javascript).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also added a check so that web-driver will not start interacting (clicking) with a page until after all the initial javascript has finished running on the page. This is done by the last piece of javascript setting a flag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone had similar issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I don't want to have waits in the test code. Just put them in to debug what was not working&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5216" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T11:47:56.080" LastActivityDate="2019-05-20T11:52:38.327" Title="WebDriver Clicking button issue in IE 11" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ie11&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9497" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-20T10:50:31.423" Score="1" ViewCount="1305" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to automate functional testing of an application with GUI, written in some .net.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My background experience in GUI apps testing has nothing about Visual Studio and other MS systems -- I used scripting in Ruby/Python with OS-specific accesibility APIs, such things as Jenkins hosted on POSIX servers and REST APIs to connect all these and other things together.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But here I have some Microsoft thing called TFS, which is already being used for building binaries and even manual testers do keep here test cases. And I suspect that I have to somehow &lt;em&gt;record&lt;/em&gt; UI activity instead of full scripting, like I used to do previously.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is a possible application of my previous experience here, or do I have to forget about deploying new servers and inventing own ways to view and aggregate results and just fully dive into TFS, Visual Studio, learn C#, etc.? Which resources can help me to look around here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5746" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-20T11:00:20.240" LastActivityDate="2021-03-06T08:09:25.933" Title="Applying non-MS skills in TFS environment" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9497" CreationDate="2014-08-20T11:11:22.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Microsoft test tooling environment is quite complete and mature, so I'd advice you to dive into that first - at the very least to get an idea about what is and isn't possible. It includes record-and-playback functionality, but that's not the only option and depending on the project and your testing strategy you might need more coding/scripting (or on the other end of the spectrum, more manual actions). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your previous test automation experience is still very useful, since you already now how to set up and maintain an automated test suite - the underlying principles remain the same, regardless of the specific tools you use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5496" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T11:11:22.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9497" CreationDate="2014-08-20T11:27:50.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's the short rundown on TFS and the Microsoft application life cycle management ecosystem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TFS&lt;/strong&gt; - Team Foundation Server is the &amp;quot;glue&amp;quot; that pulls everything together in a central repository. TFS can be used to manage builds (using MSBuild.exe), issues, test cases, automation, source control, and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Visual Studio&lt;/strong&gt; - As well as the code IDE, Visual Studio includes near-seamless integration with TFS allowing developers to manage source control, build definitions, issues, and so on. Testers can also use VS Premium and higher to create the MS flavor of GUI-based automated test (CodedUI). These are true automated tests, usually written in C# or VB, and compiled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Microsoft Test Manager (MTM)&lt;/strong&gt; - MTM has two main functions: the management and manual execution of test cases (along with the ability to record exploratory test sessions); and the management of automation environments (including execution of automated tests). MTM is included with the Premium and Ultimate VS licenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the better references are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Matthew Aniyan's Index of CodedUI references (&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/mathew_aniyan/content-index-for-coded-ui-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/mathew_aniyan/content-index-for-coded-ui-test&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Raj Kamal's overview (which has a nice diagram showing how all the pieces fit together in the ecosystem) (&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/hh875174.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/hh875174.aspx&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute Automation has a decent set of &amp;quot;how to&amp;quot; posts in their VS testing category (&lt;a href=&quot;http://executeautomation.com/blog/category/visualstudio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://executeautomation.com/blog/category/visualstudio/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your experience won't be wasted by you moving into the MS ecosystem - knowing how to code makes learning a new language reasonably easy, and if you work in the same language the programming team is using, you can ask them for assistance (or code reviews...), and you broaden your experience base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do simple record-playback, you can do &amp;quot;straight&amp;quot; CodedUI, or you can extend the CodedUI platform in a number of ways. There are also extensions such as the CodeFirst API library on CodePlex (&lt;a href=&quot;http://codeduicodefirst.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://codeduicodefirst.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;) that can reduce the dependence on CodedUI's object mapping.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Disclaimer: I do not work for Microsoft. I work in an organization that uses the MS ecosystem for development and testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2021-03-06T08:09:25.933" LastActivityDate="2021-03-06T08:09:25.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9493" CreationDate="2014-08-20T11:44:35.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since internally test steps are represented as XML containing HTML, you'd need something capable of parsing this kind of thing (line breaks mine for readability):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;P&amp;gt;Click edit icon&amp;lt;/P&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;P&amp;gt;User is directed to announcement edit page&amp;lt;/P&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;P&amp;gt;Click anywhere else on the widget header&amp;lt;/P&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;P&amp;gt;Widget visibility toggles between header-only and full&amp;lt;/P&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or - the raw database content (again, I've added line breaks for readability):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;steps id=&quot;0&quot; last=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;step id=&quot;1&quot; type=&quot;ValidateStep&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameterizedString isformatted=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;DIV&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;P&amp;amp;gt;Click edit icon&amp;amp;lt;/P&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;/DIV&amp;amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/parameterizedString&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameterizedString isformatted=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;DIV&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;P&amp;amp;gt;User is directed to announcement edit page&amp;amp;lt;/P&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;/DIV&amp;amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/parameterizedString&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;description&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/description&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/step&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;step id=&quot;2&quot; type=&quot;ValidateStep&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameterizedString isformatted=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;DIV&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;P&amp;amp;gt;Click anywhere else on the widget header&amp;amp;lt;/P&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;/DIV&amp;amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/parameterizedString&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameterizedString isformatted=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;DIV&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;P&amp;amp;gt;Widget visibility toggles between header-only and full&amp;amp;lt;/P&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;/DIV&amp;amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/parameterizedString&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;description&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/description&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/step&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/steps&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your best bet is to pull the text and run it through a text diff tool to find out what changed. As you can see from the internal representation of test steps, it's not trivial to figure out which step has changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T11:44:35.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9348" CreationDate="2014-08-20T12:32:02.847" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this , storing all the Web elements of Select list in a List and then getting its size. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; optionCount = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//select/option&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(optionCount.size());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8557" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2014-08-22T03:04:12.343" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T03:04:12.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9497" CreationDate="2014-08-20T13:43:49.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other answers cover some specifics, but let me just say this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to understand and operate in a way that &quot;best&quot; suites your current company culture.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MS is very proprietary and therefore if you are doing stuff that requires TFS and it's more than just a source control then you probably will have to dig in and learn it to be effective at your job.  Kate already gave a good summary on spinning up on MS stuff.  Also might want to read here:&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9431/are-there-any-detailed-tutorials-for-tfs-visual-studio-and-mtm/9432#9432&quot;&gt;Are there any detailed tutorials for TFS, Visual Studio and MTM?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TFS is not the best tool for all jobs even though MS sells it as the ultimate to do everything.  That being said...once you have item 1 above answered you can then figure out if you can utilize any non-MS stuff to script tests with.  If you use Selenium any library works and not just .net (although java and .net seem to be more feature rich first before other languages - depends on who develops first in community)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Being MS and integrating everything they own together they do develop pretty robust API's for most of their stuff.  Even if you do have to utilize their stuff you should be able to sync up any custom stuff into TFS through code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T14:01:06.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9503" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9505" CreationDate="2014-08-20T14:38:18.140" Score="2" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, please leave your stones down: I am a windows-oriented developer and I have very limited knowledge in testing tools world - especially in those that works on multiple platforms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been assigned to write from scratch a c++ application which should work as a service (daemon for Linux) and reads some data from a COM port. I have full access to SVN server and I can tweak it as needed. The test units are written using boost library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is - is there any tool (preferable open source) which can called after an SVN commit to trigger repository update from SVN, compilation and if all went well, to run the unit tests on each platform? All &quot;testing&quot; platforms will be installed as virtual machines - in case it matters. Writing batch/Java/Perl/Ruby/* scripts is not a problem if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt; - also, not a problem if we have to call the &quot;testing&quot; script manually (the one that triggers the tests to be ran on all platforms).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&#xA;DC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8562" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T16:58:22.450" Title="cross-OS automated testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;service&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9503" CreationDate="2014-08-20T16:54:20.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To comment on exactly how to write that...sure you can &quot;code&quot; whatever you want to code, but if you are looking for simplicity and repeatability with minimal work...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend Sikuli as it will use image recognition so it won't matter what VM it is as long as it kicks it off the same way.  It can also execute any test just like you would manually.  You can check updates with SVN through command line and put that in a batch/cron file/job and then kick off Sikuli via command line execution to go and kick off all the tests.  This includes the remoting to the other vms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason I say Sikuli is that since most of what you are doing is stable OS and third party/FOSS tools the interfaces will not likely change.  That will provide script stability.  Sikuli you can record images that match the interfaces and create the script once and voila.  Regardless of your VM connections changing between linux/windows/mac it's all there.  And if you open an application to kick off the unit tests manually you can do the exact same steps with Sikuli. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise enjoy a programming activity where you can figure out all the little nuances of each test kick off on each vm and string them all together.  Either way Python should be adequate for your utility as Peter mentions and is a language for Sikuli as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T16:54:20.777" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9503" CreationDate="2014-08-20T16:58:22.450" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you want is called an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; (CI) server. A very popular one is called Jenkins (&lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jenkins-ci.org&lt;/a&gt;), though there are others both open source and commercial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can configure it to watch for checkins, and to build a project. If the build succeeds, it can trigger tests to be run. If the tests pass, you can trigger other jobs such as automatic deployment, uploading to a server, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins works as a standalone thing, or can work in a master/slave configuration. The slaves can be on any of the major OSs. So, for example, you could automatically build on windows, linux and MacOS simultaneously. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T16:58:22.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9496" CreationDate="2014-08-20T17:16:35.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I would put a wait and in the wait try to click and then verify the popup exists, catch the error and try to click and verify again.  That way as soon as it's ready it will return and you aren't using a timer.  That is good practice anyway to not just wait a specific time, but wait for a particular event to take place and then move on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(time));&#xA;    var popupReady = wait.Until(d =&amp;gt;&#xA;        {&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                 //click the button&#xA;                 //interact with Popup&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch&#xA;            {&#xA;                return false;&#xA;            }&#xA;        });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-20T17:16:35.417" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9509" CreationDate="2014-08-20T22:54:04.373" Score="1" ViewCount="429" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question about the term &quot;Build Verification Testing&quot;.   In the context of QA, when we run test automation, we aren't &quot;building&quot; anything.  We are compiling and running tests against a module, component, or system.   The system, module, or component we are testing is previously &quot;built&quot; by developers before the testers ever get to it.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is, why do testers use the term &quot;Build Verification Testing&quot; when referring to test automation when the term &quot;System Verification Testing&quot;, or &quot;System Verification and Validation Testing&quot;, seems more correct to me?   I am suspecting that the word &quot;build&quot; is an artifact of white box testing QA terminology before test automation was popular?  In the old days, unit testing would be followed by Integration testing and then a BVT (build verification test), previous to the web application revolution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2014-09-14T15:52:15.263" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T02:33:17.817" Title="Comparing the term &quot;Build Verification Testing&quot; with &quot;System Testing&quot;" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;&lt;build-verification-test&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9508" CreationDate="2014-08-21T07:46:11.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we take a look at the definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Build_verification_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BVT&lt;/a&gt; we can't find the statement that BVT belongs to white box testing approach. Just &quot;a short set of tests, which exercises the mainstream functionality of the application software&quot;. And for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;system testing&lt;/a&gt; -- &quot;testing conducted on a complete, integrated system to evaluate the system's compliance with its specified requirements&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think, here we are mixing levels and types of testing: system testing is a sort of level (like unit and integration testing) and BVT is a sort of test type (like regression or confirmation testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T07:46:11.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9490" CreationDate="2014-08-21T07:51:23.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am a tester already involved in the same project, then I will find unit tests useful, in case they have ample evidence that they are run and executed concisely (description of expexted result and attached screenshots). Otherwise, if I have been assigned a responsibility to cover the quality requiremenrs of a project, then I would not be cinfident enough in case unit tests have no evidence of being run. Also, as a new tester in the project, I find it my responsibility to run scenarios in the process of understanding how the system works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T07:51:23.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7456" CreationDate="2014-08-21T08:27:45.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a lot of research,coding,trial and errors, I managed to build the infrastructure I envisioned. &#xA;Essentially I wanted to build a small (very specific to my team's needs) scale of SauceLabs/Browserstack. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Sam Woods , Sauce is a great service but overpriced for our needs. Also,Browserstack provides features that we don't really need in it's light plans. We are running all the tests every day. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we really needed was to make sure that everything runs smoothly on IE8 at Win7 .&#xA;I managed to set a Selenium Grid with two Nodes. The hub is a Xubuntu VM, and the nodes are a Win7 VM(with IE8) and Mavericks VM(with Safari).&#xA;The VMs are built with VBox and started/killed via Python commands. &#xA;I tried managing them with Vagrant but without success.&#xA;All that were first built on my laptop (for proof of concept) but eventually we will buy a dedicated (with a lot of resources) machine .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6176" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T08:27:45.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-21T12:00:36.533" Score="0" ViewCount="538" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to MISRA rule 13.5 the right hand operand of a logical &amp;amp;&amp;amp; or || operator shall not contain persistent side effects. Our C-code is checked with PC-Lint, message 9007 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://gimpel-online.com/MsgRef.html#9007&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gimpel-online.com/MsgRef.html#9007&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have code of the form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;if((GET_SIGNAL1() &amp;lt; CONST_1) || (GET_SIGNAL2() == CONST_2) )&#xA;  {&#xA;    dostuff();&#xA;  }&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GET_x are macros, well, getting signal x with some error handling, the later causing &lt;strong&gt;intended&lt;/strong&gt; side effects. A rule deviation to MISRA 13.5 is given, now the question is how to suppress the respective messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efforts so far:&#xA;Since this is auto generated code I can't put in lint comments directly, putting the comments in through the generator is though and, primarily, hardly traceable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--e{(9007))} in the macro definition would work, but we also have code like&#xA;&lt;code&gt;foo = GET_SIGNAL1();&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;which would cause a function wide deactivation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thought about -ecall, too, but it just checks the call itself, not the context of the macro (as I hoped).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7150" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T05:58:17.377" Title="Inhibit PC-lint message 9007, MISRA" Tags="&lt;static-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9508" CreationDate="2014-08-21T12:21:18.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So, my question is, why do testers use the term &quot;Build Verification&#xA;  Testing&quot; when referring to test automation when the term &quot;System&#xA;  Verification Testing&quot;, or &quot;System Verification and Validation&#xA;  Testing&quot;, seems more correct to me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Build Verification Test (BVT)  or Build Acceptance Test (BAT)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A set of tests run on each new build of a product to verify that the build is testable before the build is released into the hands of the test team.  This test is generally a short set of tests, which exercise the mainstream functionality of the application software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/p/testing-terms-glossary.html&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know why other testers use this term, but I use the term when my team is verifying a build received from the Development team. For me, it doesn't matter who actually &lt;em&gt;creates&lt;/em&gt; the build, BVT just applies to the testing that happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T12:21:18.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9513" CreationDate="2014-08-21T12:51:32.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure if this will solve all the issues, but it should help some if you try to include SonarQube &lt;a href=&quot;http://sonarqube.15.x6.nabble.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sonarqube.15.x6.nabble.com/&lt;/a&gt; in your lint process/report.  You should be able to customize the results a little more.  I personally have not used this, but it seems to be where you are wanting to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T12:51:32.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9516" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-21T14:44:21.553" Score="2" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using visual Studio 2013 test agents and controllers to do testing on the end environment. &#xA;The end environment is composed of a single virtual machine running Windows 7 with a user that has very little privileges (most of them are blocked using group policy). &#xA;Is there a way to run a test agent on that user in order to have the closest testing environment as possible? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8569" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T01:49:51.457" Title="Testing on restricted users" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9508" CreationDate="2014-08-21T15:56:12.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Occasionally when software is built and packaged for installation something goes wrong, leading to a bad build or an uninstallable system. Such software can be described as &quot;&lt;em&gt;dead in the box&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. Formal hand over of software to a QA group or to a customer for to install and use can be expensive. Installing and attempting to use &lt;em&gt;dead in the box&lt;/em&gt; software wastes money and time. BVTs can be used by both the producers of the software and by the users to avoid all that waste and to give confidence that the software is worth installing and being tested thoroughly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As other answers say, BVTs try a few of the major functions of the software. Some organisations also include brief tests of new functionality and fixes for major bugs within their BVTs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T15:56:12.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9518" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-21T19:06:45.283" Score="2" ViewCount="592" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I am trying to do is :&#xA;create a tagging system for around 400 tests so I can run them selectively.&#xA;For example, some tags may be UI_elements, production, staging etc.&#xA;When a developer makes a change that affects a feature that I have a tag associated with, I want to run only those tests specifically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently trying to make pytest's tagging system to work but to no avail.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pytest.org/latest/example/markers.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pytest.org/latest/example/markers.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using pytest 2.3.5 and it is difficult to upgrade it (if that is the case).&#xA;I do exactly what the guide says but Pycharm does not recognize the &lt;code&gt;.mark.&lt;/code&gt; bit.&#xA;What am I doing wrong??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE:&#xA;I updated pytest to it's latest version (pytest-2.6.4) but the problem remains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6176" LastEditorUserId="6176" LastEditDate="2014-12-11T15:40:18.440" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T15:40:18.440" Title="Tagging python tests for selective execution" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-08-02T12:00:15.863" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9519" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9520" CreationDate="2014-08-21T20:31:49.160" Score="8" ViewCount="7926" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been hearing about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javacodegeeks.com/2011/10/code-coverage-with-unit-integration.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;ideas for measuring code coverage&lt;/a&gt; in end-to-end tests (e.g., Selenium tests) and I really don't see a reason for that, even if this is technically feasible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a concept of test pyramid that says that on the unit level you should have the highest number of tests, on integration level a medium number, and on end-to-end (Selenium) the smaller number of tests, because they are the hardest to maintain, the longest to execute and the least stable (because SUT is not isolated). So there's little change you will cover all the code in end-to-end tests. Also, there might be areas in the lower layers of the code, which has not been exposed through, say, API so far (e.g., because the feature will be accessible in the next release), and can be tested only with unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the idea of Selenium or end-to-end test is to verify different business scenarios, so it is more about function/feature coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does measuring code coverage in end-to-end tests gives any value in addition to code coverage for unit tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T03:42:01.167" Title="Measuring code coverage in end-to-end tests?" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9519" CreationDate="2014-08-21T20:57:06.950" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always like to get code coverage for my functional tests, but not because I want to hit a certain percentage of code coverage.  I like it because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It points me to areas of the code that are not covered.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are areas of the code that are very difficult to unit/integration test without having the entire system in place and doing end to end tests, so I like to compare the coverage from unit/integration tests to the coverage from my functional tests and see if there are things that should or could be covered in the end to end tests that may be more difficult in the earlier stages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want to know which of my tests are equivalent, so I can look at what is covered by each test and see if there are tests I can eliminate or consolidate to be more efficient.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-08-21T20:57:06.950" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8713" CreationDate="2014-08-22T10:03:22.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Far As I Know and I use QTP 11 only. HP still don't provide proper support with WPF Controls. In some Cases I've seen people contacting HP and then getting some specific patch, I have not done it so can't comment on that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I read and used and understood... If it is WPF and there is a QTP as a tool for automation, be ready to say NO or be ready for limited automation and some sporadic behaviors of controls with QTP or vice a versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8567" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T10:03:22.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8264" CreationDate="2014-08-22T10:40:47.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to use QTP then in QTP you can use the &lt;code&gt;wait property&lt;/code&gt; method with &lt;code&gt;do..while&lt;/code&gt; loop and wait till the cases are disposed in either of the application with maximum wait time given. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can write separate function and/or action which you can call to launch and login to application with checkpoint whether browser exist or not. This you can reuse with parameters in input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8567" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-25T11:03:23.593" LastActivityDate="2014-08-25T11:03:23.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9526" CreationDate="2014-08-22T08:49:39.450" Score="4" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say I have the following method that sends emails.&#xA;I know I should have tests for the different status codes returned.&#xA;I am also testing if the the methods CreateMail() and Send() are being called.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess in the end what's important is if the success status is returned or not. Should I be testing if these methods are being called or not ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void SendMail(Model model, out Status status)&#xA;{&#xA;    if (!MyValidator.IsValidEmailAddress(model.EmailRecipient))&#xA;    {&#xA;        status = Status.InvalidEmailAddress;&#xA;        return;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // code removed for clarity&#xA;&#xA;    IEmailMessage email = _emailMessageBuilder.CreateMail(model);&#xA;&#xA;    _mailerClient.Send(email);&#xA;&#xA;    status = Status.Success;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void SendMail_CreateMailGetsCalledOnce()&#xA;{ ... }&#xA;&#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void SendMail_SendGetsCalledOnce()&#xA;{ ... }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8577" OwnerDisplayName="ThunderDev" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T11:16:01.370" Title="Unit tests: avoiding overspecification" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9525" CreationDate="2014-08-22T10:42:02.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should avoid doing assertions on the method's innards as much as possible, to avoid coupling the unit tests to implementation specific details. In reality, of course, that's not always possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, you don't need to verify whether those methods were called. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're gonna have to provide a mock for &lt;code&gt;_emailMessageBuilder&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;IEmailMessage&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;_mailerClient&lt;/code&gt;. If:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the mailer client is setup to return a status code of 200 if it is asked to send the email created by the message builder, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and if the message build is setup to return that email if it is asked to create an email for &lt;code&gt;model&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and if &lt;code&gt;SendMail&lt;/code&gt; returns 200,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you can infer that the right methods were called. No need to explicitly verify this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8575" OwnerDisplayName="dcastro" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T10:42:02.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9519" CreationDate="2014-08-22T12:49:05.083" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you really want to measure with functional tests is functional coverage: how much of the functionality of the program was tested? Unfortunately, that's hard to measure in an automated fashion; the best measurement we have is by hand, correlating tests to requirements and counting up what didn't get covered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code coverage can be used as an indicator of functional coverage: if a huge section didn't get touched, you can deduce what functionality that code was designed to implement and check why it didn't get tested. Code coverage is easy to implement and, if you're also doing unit testing, probably already in place; it costs almost nothing extra to measure, so the fact that it's only useful as a fallback still makes it worth doing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-08-22T12:49:05.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9519" CreationDate="2014-08-23T03:42:01.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally, it would be great to get code coverage metrics for the entire test suite (unit, functional, and end-to-end), but I've found that its difficult to actually get this measure. Also, I'm not sure what I'd do specifically with the measure - other than gain confidence that it's going up (not down).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, its difficult to get this number because we have a variety of technologies in the system (Java, JavaScript, HTML), which usually means different tools used to measure coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing code coverage for unit tests is very valuable, because we can see what code is not covered by tests &amp;amp; design tests to exercise that code. For end-to-end tests, you have a doubt if the uncovered code is reachable at system level (without fault injection, for example), or is uncovered because of poor tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frankly, if we have high levels of unit test coverage, good functional coverage, I would find a different problem to solve rather than trying to get a blended coverage metric. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-08-23T03:42:01.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8353" CreationDate="2014-08-24T08:51:14.027" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try recording your test script using the blazemeter's chrome extension. Once you have recorded the script download the jmx file and load it in jmeter and run your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE (from comments): The script is not chrome-specific. It records the script in jmx which is the file format in which the jmeter test plans are saved, so once recorded you can edit it and use it with jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blazemeter is not free but you can sign up for a free user account. The chrome extension used to record script is free and by logging in with your free account you can download the recorded script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check his tutorial for an easy tutorial - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.patelmilin.com/blog/testing/tools/performance-testing-with-jmeter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.patelmilin.com/blog/testing/tools/performance-testing-with-jmeter.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2020-02-01T03:15:08.733" LastActivityDate="2020-02-01T03:15:08.733" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9292" CreationDate="2014-08-24T08:59:08.347" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It could be called anything as long as the stakeholders of the project understand what it is and how to use it. You can call it combinatorial input matrix, all pairs matrix, exhaustive input matrix and so on!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-08-24T08:59:08.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8889" CreationDate="2014-08-24T09:08:02.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once the HTML page is generated try validating it with W3C HTML validator!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its maven info is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.jcabi&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;jcabi-w3c&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2014-11-02T08:47:39.700" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T08:47:39.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9544" CreationDate="2014-08-24T19:05:45.563" Score="3" ViewCount="623" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn robot framework with java and python, but not sure how to use this?. I searched over the net but did not get steps to instal robot framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I installed only selenium2library file in my system, but not sure what to do next?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share the steps or sample code or links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="8159" LastEditDate="2014-08-25T11:00:33.493" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T07:56:52.610" Title="Robot framework installation" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9533" CreationDate="2014-08-24T19:53:16.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least in &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#getting-started&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot Framework User Guide, Getting started&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;it has a nicely detailed installation instructions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8590" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T07:56:52.610" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T07:56:52.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9535" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-25T07:38:44.243" Score="1" ViewCount="1334" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please refer to the link to see what kind if screenshots I get - &lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/uDIyf3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://goo.gl/uDIyf3&lt;/a&gt; instead of &lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/BQy1hI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://goo.gl/BQy1hI&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure what could be wrong here as the same code has been working for me on other machines. The only possibility that I see is an issue with the configuration on the machine but can't find what that issue is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same scripts when ran in IE, it renders the correct screenshot, so it could be a chrome specific issue. Have uninstalled &amp;amp; reinstalled chrome but still the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium 2.28.0 version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if anyone needs more inputs my issue. &#xA;Any hint to resolve this would be really helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1351" LastEditorUserId="1351" LastEditDate="2014-08-25T11:22:53.613" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T12:17:10.963" Title="Blurred screenshots with Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9533" CreationDate="2014-08-26T12:15:12.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well it depends on what you set up, in my environment I had Python, Java, PiP and EasyInstall loaded then it was simply a matter of running:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pip install robotframework&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's simple enough to find the instructions on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework site&lt;/a&gt; and check out the link to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/robotframework/wiki/Installation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Installation Instructions&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Robot Framework site has links to examples as well, which should get you on your way as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T12:15:12.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9545" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-26T13:26:11.050" Score="0" ViewCount="1663" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool for checking the spelling errors, grammar and broken links in a web application completely. This application should crawl through all the pages of the site and produce a report which will show the stats. Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8456" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2014-08-26T19:45:01.497" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T05:50:22.633" Title="Spell check application for websites" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9490" CreationDate="2014-08-26T13:41:40.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a really bad experience of negligence of unit testing once. I was testing this web based project which was extremely time critical(I had only like 10 days to test like 7 months of development), and after 2 days of testing I could not see a single test pass. Everything I threw at the project failed to pass. It turned out that every single field in all the forms failed validations - as simple as the email address format. When I had a talk with the dev team lead it turned out that unit testing had not been done, and to top it an excuse was thrown at me that the devs were trainees so we can't expect that from them! So first of all I was exploring 7 months of development for which I had 10 days which also included bug fixing and retesting and not a single feature of the project could pass for delivery. That frustrated me like hell!&#xA; So yes it is very helpful to see good unit testing done!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T13:41:40.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9516" CreationDate="2014-08-26T14:22:27.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend having a local admin account that you can do your installations with.  So long as the VM is up and running, if you install the Visual Studio Agents and register it with your controller, you should be fine.  I have used a very similar setup for a couple of my performance tests where it made more sense to use peoples machines in the office rather than servers for a more realistic result or when I need additional load generators but don't have enough servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 12/24/14:  I've had to do this a couple of times lately.  I've found the best way was to bind the credentials for the users that I wanted to test with to the test.  This can be done by binding the credentials themselves, or, a less secure way, if you need more than 1 user per test, put credentials into an xml file or database, and bind that as the credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2014-12-25T01:43:03.273" LastActivityDate="2014-12-25T01:43:03.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9548" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-26T15:46:37.550" Score="7" ViewCount="1972" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are a team of 8 QA Analysts. We have automated more than 3,000 test cases for our application. As this number grows bigger and bigger, we are having issues controlling tests that are already created and I think we have a lot of duplicated test cases. Not only duplicate, but also tests that are already included in another test (Test X does what Test Y already does plus other things).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how you guys manage your test cases do avoid having duplicated or not useful ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using TFS and Microsoft Test Manager and our tests are automated using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6211" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T01:14:08.303" Title="How to manage a lot of automated test cases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9548" CreationDate="2014-08-26T17:03:57.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This problem hits everyone with a decent-sized application sooner or later. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the things you can do to help manage your test cases more cleanly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use a self-documenting system&lt;/strong&gt; - if you're coding Selenium with C#, use the MS XML commenting and something like Sandcastle to publish the documentation that's generated on build to a common site. That way everyone in the team can search for test cases that do what they need before creating a new one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try to string tests together in a sequence rather than include extras in another test&lt;/strong&gt; - what I mean here is instead of having test A log on and perform action X, you have test A log on, test B performs action X (with a prerequisite of test A having been completed successfully) and so forth. This &lt;strong&gt;does&lt;/strong&gt; introduce extra dependencies into your test runs but it keeps your test code base more DRY.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Create library routines for common functions&lt;/strong&gt; - this includes library routines for logging on, navigating through the application, and so forth - essentially anything that's stable in the application and/or used a becomes a library and you focus the actual tests on the aspects of the application that need more intense examination.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Review and refactor&lt;/strong&gt; - your automation code needs to be reviewed and refactored at least as much as production code, and regular reviews/refactoring will help to locate and clean out duplicates and unnecessary tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of these are going to solve your problem. You're always going to have the tension between keeping your tests self-contained and keeping your maintenance load as low as possible. These are just some suggestions to help you identify where you want the balance between lower maintenance (DRY code) and self-contained tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T17:03:57.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9548" CreationDate="2014-08-26T20:16:11.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Naming and separating out your reused parts (tests, keywords for maps).  I call this &quot;common&quot; tests/maps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you already have alot of tests automated then this will be more tedious, but pulling out your unique maps and naming them appropriately will identify the actual controls that are being duplicate tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Naming conventions that follow the Functional area and then work flows for the tests and the page layout for the maps can allow you to quickly and easily identify which pages/controls are overlapping as well as which test cases are overlapping.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keyword variables for Map naming conventions so that you can see which maps belong to which pages and if they are being reused in mass or if they only truly exist on that page.  Either way having a single keyword for a control that is duplicated all over the site, but maintains the same map value would allow you to attach to a keyword variable that exists in a single place and your maintenance on that map would be virtually eliminated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you have done the above the following should be possible which will make life so much easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overlapping test case steps are taken out and form new &quot;test cases&quot; or functions.  Then the previous tests will execute those steps in a test call instead of the previous steps. Similar idea to MTM &quot;shared steps&quot;. In selenium terms these common tests become regular functions that are called and perform a set of steps instead of existing as a test in and of themselves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keywords are lined up with tests to get a functional workflow down to a functional control view of what is being tested in the application.  Keywords are grouped where they are utilized which should hopefully be unique to test cases now.  The commonly reused controls will most likely be in the common test cases from item 1.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will cut your maintenance headache out and allow you to scale very easily.  Your reporting will also align to your naming structure so you will be able to see where the problem areas are easier.  When a test fails you will be able to track it to a control which should at this point exist in a single place and once corrected there all your tests will pass again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This isn't a quick process, but the trade off is in maintenance going forward.  I also have a custom report for automation tests and I can summarize functional areas and drill down to the individual control problems and see an exact error for each step, but it's up to you what you need and what's useful for your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-26T20:16:11.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9077" CreationDate="2014-08-27T12:39:43.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you only need a few test cases, the following steps will work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the test cases you need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-Click on them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose &quot;Send by Email ...&quot; and again &quot;Send by Email ...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the following dialog, there is an area with check boxes that let you include information. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mark the &quot;Design Steps&quot; check box, type in your email address and hit &quot;Send&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will get one email per test case with a pretty list of test details and the design steps.&#xA;I like to use this for working remote, where I don't have access to the HP ALM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caution: Calls to other test are not resolved, you just get the name of the called test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8607" LastActivityDate="2014-08-27T12:39:43.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9553" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-27T13:49:27.307" Score="1" ViewCount="24201" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to get a list of opened browser windows using Selenium? I want to use this to count the number of open browsers within a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7262" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-06-01T23:32:42.077" LastActivityDate="2018-10-26T12:17:20.633" Title="Counting the number of browser windows opened by Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9553" CreationDate="2014-08-27T14:30:29.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver&lt;/code&gt; has the method &lt;code&gt;WindowHandles&lt;/code&gt;. The method returns a collection. So you can use the size of the collection to get the number of open windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/dotnet/html/T_OpenQA_Selenium_IWebDriver.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IWebDriver Interface&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/dotnet/html/P_OpenQA_Selenium_IWebDriver_WindowHandles.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IWebDriver.WindowHandles Property&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not so familiar with C#, but in Java this works:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;driver.getWindowHandles().size();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In C# this should work:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Driver.WindowHandles.Count;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2018-10-26T12:09:16.243" LastActivityDate="2018-10-26T12:09:16.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9555" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9556" CreationDate="2014-08-27T14:57:24.527" Score="0" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am writing tests for a web application using Selenium, when a question popped in my mind. Since this is my first time with Selenium, I'd wish to have some help on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to test the creation and the functionality of a dropdown select list that will assign a ticket to a manager.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have several different pages where this dropdown is displayed, my question is: should I test the functionality of the select list in &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; page?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know (as programmer) that the code is the same in every page (actually the code is &lt;em&gt;copied&lt;/em&gt;, we're creating tests in order to refactor safely and remove code duplication...), but the test doesn't, since it can only see the results on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, testing it on every page is an overkill or it's something required?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8230" LastActivityDate="2014-08-30T13:18:10.673" Title="Test dropdown creation in several pages" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9555" CreationDate="2014-08-27T17:25:27.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you should for the fact that it is &quot;copied&quot;.  Sure it is supposed to stay the same but if it is not the exact same code there is no guarantee that someone will not change the implementation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write a test for that and then recall the same test method in every place instead of duplicating the test steps in every place.  This will ensure it remains consistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if the control ever gets replaced in one place or another it will show that one of them is now different than before...which based on your writeup it shouldn't be different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-27T17:25:27.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9557" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-28T03:00:57.710" Score="6" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Python and Selenium testing so please forgive me if this isn't written right. I've been asked to look at the test that does a few actions on a form. The form has 2 text fields, a drop down, and a button. The test is rather simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.wd.wait_for_css('.js-status-code-input').send_keys('100')&#xA;self.wd.find_css('.js-description-input').send_keys('Approved')&#xA;&#xA;status_select = Select(self.wd.find_css('.js-status-input'))&#xA;status_select.select_by_value('APPRV')&#xA;&#xA;self.wd.wait_for_css('#js-add-mapping-btn').click()   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When run, we get an error at the very end: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So - I did some debugging and noticed something odd. When select_by_value is run, the entire form goes away. And in fact, if I look at the position of js-add-mapping-btn, it has a y value set above the top of the browser. Before select_by_value, it is normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make things even more interesting, if I change APPRV to whatever is the default option, it doesn't make the form disappear and the test passes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I use select_by_index, it is the exact same behavior. Using 1 as a value causes the bug, using 0 makes it pass. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems like select_by_value, when it changes stuff, is breaking the site. I've removed any client-side JS code validation on the form. I've also tested manually, in the same browser, entering the same values, and I can't reproduce what I see when the webdriver drives Firefox along.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit on Sep 2&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I was gone for a few days on vacation and my coworker made some discoveries. What follows is credit Alan Greenblatt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aha! I've made some progress on this one. I stepped into status_select.select_by_value('APPRV'), which is defined as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def select_by_value(self, value):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;Select all options that have a value matching the argument. That is, when given &quot;foo&quot; this&#xA;       would select an option like:&#xA;&#xA;       &amp;lt;option value=&quot;foo&quot;&amp;gt;Bar&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;       :Args:&#xA;        - value - The value to match against&#xA;       &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    css = &quot;option[value =%s]&quot; % self._escapeString(value)&#xA;    opts = self._el.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, css)&#xA;    matched = False&#xA;    for opt in opts:&#xA;        self._setSelected(opt)&#xA;        if not self.is_multiple:&#xA;            return&#xA;        matched = True&#xA;    if not matched:&#xA;        raise NoSuchElementException(&quot;Cannot locate option with value: %s&quot; % value)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I stopped on the 'self._setSelected(opt)' line. All is still good in the UI at this point. If you print out 'opt', the UI goes kerflooey. So, I tried printing out each attribute of opt individually. It turns out that the problem occurs only when you try to resolve opt.location_once_scrolled_into_view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the firefox driver js source, it looks like this will actually scroll the element into view. I'm betting this is where the problem lies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;and then later&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I stopped at the same line, but then went into Firefox's Web Developer debugger and executed the following line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$.find('.js-status-input')[0].options[1].scrollIntoView()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and was able to reproduce the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;and then later again...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And interestingly,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$.find('.js-status-input')[0].options[1].scrollIntoView(false)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;looks good, but&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$.find('.js-status-input')[0].options[1].scrollIntoView(true) or $.find('.js-status-input')[0].options[1].scrollIntoView()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;does not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8613" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-03T18:55:36.033" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T10:10:14.133" Title="select_by_value causing odd issue with the DOM" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-07-25T15:14:56.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9548" CreationDate="2014-08-28T05:10:42.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing that is often overlooked is to make use of your coverage tool(s) for more than ensuring that every line of code gets tested - if you configure your tool to produce a separate named output file for each test/test sequence then you can quite easily scan these for lines/blocks that are being tested in more than one test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other key point is - as with everything - documentation is key - the better the documentation the easier your maintenance will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T05:10:42.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9559" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-28T11:05:51.387" Score="2" ViewCount="5382" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have few tests which run three times and their average is calculated through c# code. I am able to write the three test times and their averages to the xls file if I create the file beforehand in the format below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xzK5Y.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;xls file format&quot;&gt; . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now I have to run each test every hour everyday through a batch file using windows scheduler. I want to create the xls file dynamically in every hour in the format above, with a specific name so that at the first iteration the file is created, then for the next 19 iterations it should write in the same file. The next hour a new file should  be created with a specific name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I create and write the excel file dynamically?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is any other simple procedure please suggest that. The code which I was using to write in the already created xls file is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.IO;&#xA;using Ranorex;&#xA;&#xA;namespace PEPI_Performance.Utility&#xA;{&#xA;    /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;    /// Description of ExcelWriter.&#xA;    /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    public class ExcelWriter&#xA;    {&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        /// Constructs a new instance.&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        public ExcelWriter()&#xA;        {&#xA;            // Do not delete - a parameterless constructor is required!&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        public void Driver(int row , int col, string time, string sheetName){&#xA;&#xA;            string sDataFile = &quot;Ranorex_Reports.xls&quot;;&#xA;            string sFilePath = Path.GetFullPath(sDataFile);&#xA;&#xA;            string sOldvalue = &quot;Automation\\bin\\Debug\\&quot; + sDataFile;&#xA;            sFilePath = sFilePath.Replace(sOldvalue,&quot;&quot;)+ &quot;PEPI_Performance\\ExecutionReport\\&quot; + sDataFile;&#xA;            fnOpenExcel(sFilePath,sheetName);&#xA;            writeExcel(row,col,time);&#xA;            fnCloseExcel();&#xA;        }&#xA;        Excel.Application   exlApp ;&#xA;        Excel.Workbook exlWB ;&#xA;        Excel.Sheets excelSheets ;&#xA;        Excel.Worksheet exlWS;&#xA;        //Open Excel file&#xA;        public int fnOpenExcel(string sPath, string iSheet){&#xA;&#xA;            int functionReturnValue = 0;&#xA;            try {&#xA;&#xA;                exlApp = new Excel.ApplicationClass(); //Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();&#xA;                exlApp.Visible = true;&#xA;                exlWB = exlApp.Workbooks.Open(sPath,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing);&#xA;&#xA;                // get all sheets in workbook&#xA;                excelSheets = exlWB.Worksheets;&#xA;&#xA;                // get some sheet&#xA;                //string currentSheet = &quot;Cycle1&quot;;&#xA;                exlWS = (Excel.Worksheet)excelSheets.get_Item(iSheet);&#xA;                functionReturnValue = 0;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception ex) {&#xA;                functionReturnValue = -1;&#xA;                Report.Error(ex.Message);&#xA;            }&#xA;            return functionReturnValue;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // Close the excel file and release objects.&#xA;        public int fnCloseExcel(){&#xA;            //exlWB.Close();&#xA;&#xA;            try{&#xA;                exlApp.ActiveWorkbook.Save();&#xA;                exlApp.Quit();&#xA;&#xA;                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(exlWS);&#xA;                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(exlWB);&#xA;                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(exlApp);&#xA;&#xA;                GC.GetTotalMemory(false);&#xA;                GC.Collect();&#xA;                GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();&#xA;                GC.Collect();&#xA;                GC.GetTotalMemory(true);&#xA;            }catch(Exception ex){&#xA;                Report.Error(ex.Message);&#xA;            }&#xA;            return 0;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void writeExcel(int i, int j , string time){&#xA;            Excel.Range exlRange = null;&#xA;            exlRange = (Excel.Range)exlWS.UsedRange;&#xA;            ((Excel.Range)exlRange.Cells[i,j]).Formula = time;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8507" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-08-28T12:34:38.580" LastActivityDate="2019-01-24T19:54:21.917" Title="How to create and write Excel .xls file using C#" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9559" CreationDate="2014-08-28T11:36:26.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check if the file exists and if it doesn't exist create it.  If it does exist then use the same code you have to modify it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void Driver(int row , int col, string time, string sheetName){&#xA;&#xA;    string sDataFile = &quot;Ranorex_Reports.xls&quot;;&#xA;    string sFilePath = Path.GetFullPath(sDataFile);&#xA;    string sOldvalue = &quot;Vopak_Automation\\bin\\Debug\\&quot; + sDataFile;&#xA;    sFilePath = sFilePath.Replace(sOldvalue,&quot;&quot;)+ &quot;PEPI_Performance\\ExecutionReport\\&quot; + sDataFile;&#xA;&#xA;    if (File.Exists(sFilePath))&#xA;    {&#xA;        fnOpenExcel(sFilePath,sheetName);&#xA;        writeExcel(row,col,time);&#xA;        fnCloseExcel();&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;        /*I'm not sure what libraries you are particularly using...it sounds like Ranorex proprietary excel code.  &#xA;        You can try to utilize that and create the excel file to start with at this point.  or &#xA;        there are some open source libraries that should function for your needs.*/&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excel: &lt;a href=&quot;http://epplus.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://epplus.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T11:36:26.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9559" CreationDate="2014-08-28T12:49:01.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@mutt has the basics of what you need to create an excel spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the rest of your request:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your batch file to be run by the scheduler should perform the twenty iterations with the file being created if it doesn't exist.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your scheduled task should be set to run every hour. That will automatically give you a new file every hour&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your code will need to include something using the C# datetime libraries to retrieve the date and hour to append to the filename - so you'll have something like this: &lt;code&gt;string sDataFile = &quot;Ranorex_Reports&quot; + Date(&quot;YYYYMMDD&quot;).ToString() + Time(&quot;HH&quot;).ToString() + &quot;.xls&quot;&lt;/code&gt; which will give you a file named something like &lt;code&gt;&quot;Ranorex_Reports2014082808.xls&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;This is pseudo-code - you will need to look up the C# date time libraries to find the routines that will give you a date-time string&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could pass in a date/time string from the batch file, but that would require modifying your script to take parameters from a calling file (which gets... interesting if you're working with other tools - Ranorex may have a simple command line interface which allows you to do this: if so use that instead if in-code settings)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to use an iteration counter and set the file name on iteration 1. Again, use something like a date/time stamp for the file name because you're going to accumulate these quickly unless you're moving the files out on a regular basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE (reference links added from comments):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These links could be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.leniel.net/2009/07/creating-excel-spreadsheets-xls-xlsx-c.html#sthash.sXXMiN4D.dpbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.leniel.net/2009/07/creating-excel-spreadsheets-xls-xlsx-c.html#sthash.sXXMiN4D.dpbs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10100901/creating-simple-excel-sheet-in-c-sharp-with-strings-as-input&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10100901/creating-simple-excel-sheet-in-c-sharp-with-strings-as-input&lt;/a&gt; (the answers to this question include a list of reference links that may also be useful)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T11:01:27.693" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-28T13:08:45.180" Score="0" ViewCount="1088" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have a powershell to run all test cases of all test suites in a test plan? I want a simple way of running all test cases of a test plan despite of their state (Active, Failed, etc). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MTM does not have such functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Microsoft Test Manager 2013 with Team Foundation Server 2013.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6211" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T12:06:52.263" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T12:06:52.263" Title="Powershell or similar to run all test suites of a test plan" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs2010&gt;&lt;powershell&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-28T13:16:12.143" Score="1" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently on a project in which we've set up a test infrastructure for automated regression testing of the customer's website (that is, the desktop and mobile versions thereof).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question concerns the mobile site: What we're doing at the moment is using Behat with the Mink API in order to talk to Selenium Grid on different virtual machines (for parallelization). On these machines we're running Firefox browsers with a modified profiles that &quot;fakes&quot; being a different user agent (e.g. an android mobile browser). We then execute automated test cases on the delivered mobile version of the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm now trying to accomplish is to make these tests more authentic since we've observed that the (destop) browser we use can behave quite different from the actual built-in mobile browsers in use in the real world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best thing would be to be able to actually control an emulator or a real device even (we got some in stock) through the Selenium Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I don't have any idea where to start on this since I have few to no prior experience with the testing of &quot;real&quot; mobile web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here's my question: Does anyone of you have a good tip for me where to start or what to look for? I'd be very thankful for any kind of guidance on how o go about this ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yours,&#xA;Gabriel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8615" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T10:47:08.720" Title="Authentic Testing of Mobile Website" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9563" CreationDate="2014-08-28T13:43:27.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Googling for 5 seconds found &lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selendroid.io/&lt;/a&gt; - selenium driver for android. Does it help? What else you need?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T13:43:27.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9562" CreationDate="2014-08-28T16:25:30.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;MS has several command line tools that will run tests. There's more information about how to use them and how to choose the tool you use on the MSDN site:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182486.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182486.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest reading the documentation and experimenting with the different tools to decide which of the tools works best for your situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T16:25:30.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9569" CreationDate="2014-08-28T18:50:26.163" Score="0" ViewCount="583" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a mostly back-end, non-user facing web application that I need to have load tested. I was wondering what the options were that are tailored for my use case. It needs to be a load testing utility that the developers can run themselves, perhaps should live within the same code repository (correct me if I'm wrong), and is performant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm worried about the scalability of Ruby scripts for something like this. JMeter has of course come up, but I don't it will work for us and I am not shy around code. So far, what I've come up with is Gatling, although I'm not exactly sure if it can be used seamlessly with clojure. Please share thoughts about this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6301" LastActivityDate="2014-08-29T08:07:34.003" Title="Load Testing Options for Clojure Application" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9563" CreationDate="2014-08-28T20:29:22.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try appium, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/appium/appium&lt;/a&gt; I believe there is some support for web testing however it may not be stable at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to try a service like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/automate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com/automate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7507" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T20:29:22.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9566" CreationDate="2014-08-28T22:08:15.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Grinder&lt;/a&gt; with Clojure as the scripting language.  It wasn't as easy to use as JMeter, but it got the job done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-08-28T22:08:15.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9566" CreationDate="2014-08-29T08:07:34.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Clojure is a language which targets Java Virtual Machine so any Java-based load testing tool will be good for you. All 3 are mentioned in this discussion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are about to go for Gatling remember that it doesn't scale and has very limited protocols support. Perhaps &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; can help you to choose the right option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-08-29T08:07:34.003" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9555" CreationDate="2014-08-30T04:19:01.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you said that the code is copied in various pages, and I suppose there are different elements on each of those pages. Maybe those different elements may or may not have different impact on the drop down list. Or the drop down list may have different impact on those elements in each page. So it would be better to make sure that the functionality is working as intended in each page. You may not perform every validation applied to the field but you must check the working condition! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-08-30T04:19:01.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9572" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-08-30T10:13:09.493" Score="5" ViewCount="7590" Body="&lt;p&gt;My organization is currently planning to test the load capability of our web application (we live in a third-world country, of which testing practice is a very new thing here). In accommodating this needs, we are considering two tools : JMeter and Visual Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the &lt;strong&gt;advantages and disadvantages&lt;/strong&gt; of each tools?&#xA;If we are planning this as long term plan for our organization in the future, Which one is more difficult to use? Which one has more complete report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried to search in Google, but the information is always one sided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8627" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2014-11-21T19:32:47.210" LastActivityDate="2018-02-09T09:13:53.887" Title="Comparison of JMeter vs Visual Studio Load Test" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9555" CreationDate="2014-08-30T13:18:10.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your Selenium tests are focused on the integration of a number of pieces of your application. The questions you have answer are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did you copy the code right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did you copy the right code?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did the code get wired up inside the page right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may help if you can factor out the part of your tests that is common to each of the pages. This allows you to check that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The menu appears when it is &quot;clicked&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can select a menu item&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The menu closes after the selection is made.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests that have to be done per-page include: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is the list of managers correct?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when you select a manager, did the ticket get assigned to that manager?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests that have to be done only once for the menu technology include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The menu contains one or more items&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The menu bounding box is appropriate for the list of items&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have scrolling when the menu is larger than the screen, does it scroll properly?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each menu item has a bounding box. Does clicking in the bounding box properly select the item, or, if you are using links instead, does clicking outside the link but inside the box have the appropriate reaction? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are using links, is the underlining consistent from one item to the next and consistent across menus? (This is an issue with IE browsers, as they treat link underlining differently than other inheritable styles)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8068" LastActivityDate="2014-08-30T13:18:10.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9572" CreationDate="2014-09-01T08:41:20.527" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend JMeter as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Price&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter: free and open source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MSVS: Test Professional costs around $2000 per developer. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OS supported&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter: any&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MSVS: Windows only&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Protocols supported&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter: HTTP, FTP, JDBC, SOAP, TCP, JMS, SMTP, POP3, IMSP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MSVS: HTTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if your company has Microsoft products based development infrastructure, like Team Foundation Server, configured continuous integration and build systems, etc. MSVS could be more reasonable choice, besides MSVS has better bundled reporting than JMeter. In any case I would recommend to take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; post which may be helpful.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="6225" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T10:58:42.070" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T10:58:42.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9576" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-01T09:03:45.367" Score="2" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an Engineering graduate in Computer Science Engineering.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I want to build my career in ETL Testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between ETL Testing and Development?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8632" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T11:47:56.113" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T11:47:56.113" Title="What roles are involved in ETL development and testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9577" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-01T10:25:48.373" Score="4" ViewCount="1410" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester. I use creativity sometimes when generating Test ideas. How can a tester improve his creative/innovative skills which will ultimately help me in testing the product better and ultimately cover more test areas. I mean how to view a test application from unique perspectives. Can you suggest some material which teaches creativity and thinking from different angles as i don't really think unique ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8634" LastActivityDate="2014-09-17T07:10:04.083" Title="How to become a more Creative Software Tester?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9586" CreationDate="2014-09-01T12:16:28.653" Score="0" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;In HPALM we have different options for 'Found in Phase', like: Construction, Implementation,Post Implementation,Initiation,and Strategy.&#xA;How do we classify a defect to fit into one of these phases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: I understand &quot;Post Implementation&quot; would mean any defect reported when the application is in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, which defects fit in Construction/Implementation/Strategy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8306" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-03T01:34:01.030" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T01:34:01.030" Title="Found In Phase of a Defect" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9577" CreationDate="2014-09-01T12:22:31.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I dont think so a material would teach/tune your creativity.&#xA;Try to understand the Business uses of the AUT. Think about possible ways to exploit the App if you were the Real User of that Application.&#xA;If it is a Banking related application, try to understand the domain knowledge. That will give you more ideas. Try to participate in Bug contests or Sign up as Beta Tester in few sites that offer testing their product prior to release like &lt;a href=&quot;http://utest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Utest&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8306" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-09-01T22:31:25.490" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T22:31:25.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9580" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-01T17:29:48.533" Score="1" ViewCount="7693" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to automate a website with selenium web driver using javascript. I am good at &lt;code&gt;Junit&lt;/code&gt; (java) but not an expert in JavaScript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, can anyone help me rewrite this little code snippet in JavaScript to make some comparison:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.junit.After;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import static org.junit.Assert.*;&#xA;import java.util.regex.Pattern;&#xA;&#xA;public class Konga_Test1 {&#xA;private Selenium selenium;&#xA;&#xA;@Before&#xA;public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;    selenium = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*chrome&quot;, &quot;http://www.konga.com/nefertiti&quot;);&#xA;    selenium.start();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testKonga_Test1() throws Exception {&#xA;    selenium.open(&quot;http://www.konga.com/nefertiti&quot;);&#xA;    selenium.click(&quot;//button[@type='button']&quot;);&#xA;    selenium.waitForPageToLoad(&quot;30000&quot;);&#xA;    verifyEquals(&quot;Shopping Cart&quot;, selenium.getText(&quot;css=h1&quot;));&#xA;    verifyTrue(selenium.isTextPresent(&quot;Frosted Chocotastic Pop tarts&quot;));&#xA;    verifyTrue(selenium.isTextPresent(&quot;₦2,100&quot;));&#xA;    selenium.goBack();&#xA;    selenium.waitForPageToLoad(&quot;30000&quot;);&#xA;    verifyTrue(selenium.isTextPresent(&quot;₦2,100&quot;));&#xA;    String vPrd = selenium.getText(&quot;css=#product-price-1091495 &amp;gt; span.price&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Value is &quot; + vPrd);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;private void verifyTrue(boolean textPresent) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;private void verifyEquals(String string, String text) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@After&#xA;public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;    // selenium.stop();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8636" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T02:58:04.023" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T02:58:04.023" Title="Can you use javascript with selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9580" CreationDate="2014-09-01T18:08:10.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you need to use JavascriptExecutor Class. Below is an example to scroll.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void scrollToElement(final WebElement element) {&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;    jse.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6921" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T18:08:10.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9580" CreationDate="2014-09-01T21:06:15.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As elcharrua writes you can use JavaScript in Java tests with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/selenium/how-to-execute-javascript-in-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/a&gt;. This will execute the JavaScript in the Selenium browser session if it was JavaScript from the website itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you want to write the whole test in JavaScript look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver.JS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simple example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver');&#xA;&#xA;var driver = new webdriver.Builder().&#xA;   withCapabilities(webdriver.Capabilities.chrome()).&#xA;   build();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get('http://www.google.com');&#xA;driver.findElement(webdriver.By.name('q')).sendKeys('webdriver');&#xA;driver.findElement(webdriver.By.name('btnG')).click();&#xA;driver.wait(function() {&#xA; return driver.getTitle().then(function(title) {&#xA;   return title === 'webdriver - Google Search';&#xA; });&#xA;}, 1000);&#xA;&#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more complex examples see &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the WebDriver.Js user guide&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also look into &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;webdriver.io&lt;/a&gt; which combines WebDriver.JS and Node.JS with what looks like a shorter and clearer syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also follow &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com/tracks/javascript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the free JavaScript course on codecedemy.com&lt;/a&gt; for an introduction to JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-09-02T07:03:48.373" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T07:03:48.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9577" CreationDate="2014-09-01T21:16:07.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=james%20bach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the videos&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;James Bach&lt;/a&gt;. He has a very unique perspective on the world of software testing. He will challenge your thinking and a lot of the &quot;best&quot; practises in the testing world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be sure to watch his Open Lecture on Software Testing: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILkT_HV9DVU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILkT_HV9DVU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-09-01T21:16:07.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9584" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-02T09:31:37.030" Score="9" ViewCount="63859" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn Selenium WebDriver automation using Java. I have done manual testing before and want to learn automation. I just know the basics of Core Java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please suggest me the Core topics which one would require to perform test automation using Selenium WebDriver? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What topics on which a tester must concentrate and what topics to ignore in java programming?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8642" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:44:03.093" Title="What Concepts of Java do i need to learn to use Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9578" CreationDate="2014-09-02T11:22:46.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a certain amount of flexibility in how you use these, although I'm sure the HPALM documentation has its own definitions for each of these items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, apart from Implementation and Post-Implementation (which are pretty obviously &quot;while it's being developed&quot; and &quot;after it's done&quot;), these categories are pretty vague and can mean whatever you want or need them to mean. The key thing is that your team all uses them in the same way and documents how they're being used so that everyone else knows what the terms mean in your environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, my suggestion would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initiation - Depending on your methodology, this could mean problems that are found during project kick-off, problems found in requirements and/or requirements gathering, and so forth. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Construction - Again depending on methodology, this could be problems found in the functional specifications and/or use cases and/or user stories, or in any other design aspects or phases of the project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implementation - Most teams would use this to refer to problems found while the project was being coded. Realistically, most problems will fall here or in Post Implementation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Post Implementation - As you've suggested, this would be problems found after the project has been completed. Customer-reported problems land in this bucket.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Strategy - This could refer to problems found with the project deployment strategy, problems found during the planning phase, problems with test strategy... I'd use this category to report problems with the &lt;em&gt;process&lt;/em&gt; as distinct from problems with the software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, when it comes to issue tracking, this isn't a particularly important piece of information. Things like a problem description that allows others to reproduce the issue, when and what version/build (for desktop applications) the problem occurs in, and how bad the problem is (does it crash the application or browser? Can the user work around it or not?) are the critical pieces of information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T11:22:46.127" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9577" CreationDate="2014-09-02T11:27:07.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest taking a look at the answer to this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8156/how-can-a-software-tester-use-out-of-the-box-thinking-approach-to-find-more-bu?rq=1&quot;&gt;How can a Software Tester use &amp;quot;Out of the Box&amp;quot; thinking approach to find more bugs?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They include general strategies and some specific suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I find the best way to be a creative tester is to be creative, period - having creative hobbies helps, as does practicing looking at things from odd directions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T11:27:07.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2014-09-02T12:45:25.760" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience is, that the basics of Java suffice to start developing test cases with Selenium 2 / WebDriver. Myself started developing of Selenium test cases with a basic knowledge about Java. The more test cases I wrote and solutions I had to find, the more I leaned about the programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Testing Framework (&lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/index.html&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write some simple unit tests (without Selenium) to learn the basics of the unit testing frameworks and read the documentation. The more complicated stuff of the framework comes automatically by writing tests with Selenium 2 / WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/&quot;&gt;Apache Maven&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apache Maven is an Build Management Tool. It can manage dependencies (libraries). But it is also very useful for testing stuff. It exists plugins to create test reports, run tests in parallel or configure the test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-09-02T12:54:37.897" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T12:54:37.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9577" CreationDate="2014-09-02T18:48:35.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try reading 6 hats by De Bono - &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Thinking_Hats&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;6 thinking hats&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or watch this video based on it and adapted to testing by Julian Harty - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DasTbFUcmtI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;6 hats video&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T18:48:35.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9497" CreationDate="2014-09-02T20:41:06.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Microsoft stack is surprisingly still very popular, regardless of other cheaper alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TFS&lt;/strong&gt; is basically the central repository.  Call it &lt;strong&gt;git&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Jenkins&lt;/strong&gt; rolled into one.  It manages version control as well as builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MTM&lt;/strong&gt; is just Microsoft's test management tool.  This is very useful for linking a manual test that has been created within MTM (its intended purpose) with an automated test that is part of a build on the TFS server.  You can then specify test agents (basically jenkins slaves with a microsoft twist) to run your automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated Testing&lt;/strong&gt;  You basically have three main options for automated testing within the Microsoft domain with TFS:  CodedUI, Selenium C#, and Telerik Test Studio (Art of Test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CodedUI&lt;/strong&gt; is Microsoft's integrated automation tool.  Out of all of the three main options, it is undoubtedly the most expensive.  That being said, it does VERY well at automating thick client applications that are not based on a web server, which the other two tools do not manage very well.  Multi-browser support is hard to make work with anything other than Internet Explorer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium C#&lt;/strong&gt;  A free open source tool used for automating web applications through the use of WebDriver (Selenium 2.0).  There are multiple language bindings for Selenium, which is why I specified C# -- but if you are using TFS, you will either be stuck with C# or Python (Python only if you take the time to set up TFS and Visual Studio to build Python projects...you may be able to use IronPython out of the box -- not sure).  It is most definitely the most popular of the three main options within the Microsoft stack, due mostly to cost, but also due in part to the fact that Selenium has a very large online community with literally entire libraries of information.  Built-in mutli-browser support for all common browsers, including Firefox, Chrome, IE, Safari, and even &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/headless-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Telerik Test Studio&lt;/strong&gt;  A low-cost automation tool.  Really, the only good reason to use this tool is if your application is built with Silverlight, as it is the one tool out of the three main options that handles this the best.  It also boasts multi-browser support.  There is also a free version of the tool, but there is very little documentation around it, causing most issues to turn into headaches very quickly unless you are okay with talking to the Telerik support team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shameless Plug&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I'm going to go ahead and put in  a shameless plug for another free tool as well, which you may find to be useful as you start out automating within the .NET world:  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/sikuli4net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli4Net&lt;/a&gt;. Basically, it is a .NET implementation of the popular Java/Python image-based open source automation tool called Sikuli (www.sikuli.org).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you make your decision!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8649" LastEditorUserId="8649" LastEditDate="2014-09-02T20:47:18.013" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T20:47:18.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9134" CreationDate="2014-09-02T21:03:36.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, it is bad practice to set the WebDriver instance as static.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should create a base class that each of your test classes extend so that each test class has its own instance of WebDriver to be used (this is especially important with parallel execution), then just declare/define your WebDriver variable within that base class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8649" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T21:03:36.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9131" CreationDate="2014-09-02T21:06:07.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can link up your WebDriver tests to use PhantomJSDriver and catch those pesky JavaScript errors that might cause a manual test to fail, as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8649" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T21:06:07.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7432" CreationDate="2014-09-02T21:40:56.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver; //instantiated somewhere else, obviously&#xA;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='btnContr']/input[@value='Cancel']&quot;);&#xA;element.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why are you bothering with JavascriptExecutor, when Selenium has the functionality to click an element selected by XPath built in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8649" LastActivityDate="2014-09-02T21:40:56.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9597" CreationDate="2014-09-03T01:07:41.727" Score="0" ViewCount="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I am aware, Selenium is an active project that is being developed and heavily used. However, when I look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;defects list&lt;/a&gt; on their official site, it looks like there are thousands of Open/New defects/enhancements that just sit there for years and being taken care of. Any idea why that so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other question I had is regarding Selenium bindings. For example Python. If I'm using Selenium in Python flavor and find a defect, where do I submit it? I would assume there will be a separate repository for such defects. Any idea how that works?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastEditorUserId="2551" LastEditDate="2014-09-03T05:41:08.470" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T05:41:08.470" Title="Selenium support (native and its bindings)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9596" CreationDate="2014-09-03T05:11:26.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, Selenium is an active project (see commit history on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/commits/master&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then why are there so many unresolved open issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's open source. We can't expect the team members to fix bugs on a daily basis, because they are just enthusiasts and all have real-life jobs. The developer in charge of a particular area may not have time to deal with it right away, even if an issue is confirmed by others. However,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is an urgent case, someone will stand up or at least get someone to fix it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are more than welcome to submit your own fixes/patches.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Many cases are poorly raised. Those were opened by irresponsible users. Some people tend to open issues without providing enough information to reproduce and never come back to check the progress. Some of those issues will remain open for a long time and be marked with &lt;code&gt;NeedsClarification&lt;/code&gt; tag.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't work like a FIFO queue. It doesn't mean old cases have to be fixed first. Ones with higher priority will be dealt with first.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Just like any other projects (regardless of open source or commercial), it is common that there are heaps of unresolved cases sitting around. Don't be surprised at all.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have found a Selenium bug in Python binding, please submit it &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, just like all other issues. Team members will have a look at it and notify relevant people. But please bear in mind that you might need to specify the &lt;strong&gt;exact&lt;/strong&gt; environment and all steps needed for anyone to &lt;strong&gt;reproduce&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=7739&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Issue 7739&lt;/a&gt; was raised on Aug 12 2014. Six days later, project member barancev had a look and tagged it with &lt;code&gt;Lang-Python&lt;/code&gt;, then notified David Burns and luke.semerau.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5127" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T05:11:26.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9513" CreationDate="2014-09-03T05:58:17.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We intend to solve the proble above with two Lint runs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1st run with productive code and globally deactivated message 9007&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2nd run with stubbed macro without the intended side-effect, but nothing but message 9007 activated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7150" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T05:58:17.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2014-09-03T07:25:50.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn the basics of &lt;strong&gt;JAVA&lt;/strong&gt;(any programming language) - Door step to Selenium2 automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you have a basic understanding of &lt;strong&gt;HTML&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;CSS&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about locators, simple selenium commands and try to automate simple functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you got to know how to control the browser, you can go on using the frameworks like &lt;code&gt;TestNG&lt;/code&gt;(preferrable) or &lt;code&gt;JUnit&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn &lt;strong&gt;Javascript&lt;/strong&gt;, which will help you in many ways, with Selenium it is more powerful&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have done the above things well, you will go yourself by the advanced usage of selenium to automate complex functions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you will go across, Different Testing frameworks, Logs, CI, Build Management and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy automation:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5470" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T07:25:50.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14629" CreationDate="2014-09-03T08:35:05.880" Score="4" ViewCount="804" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to use FirefoxPortable with selenium from my Windows 7 OS but I'm having difficulty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I launched selenium RC server with the default folder profile of FirefoxPortable :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.42.2.jar -firefoxProfileTemplate &quot;V:\Utilitaires\FirefoxPortable\Data\profile&quot; -port 4444 -log selenium.log&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next I launched a standard test with phpunit and set browser like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;setBrowser(&quot;*firefox V:\Utilitaires\FirefoxPortable\FirefoxPortable.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one is ok with standard firefox (without FFPortable path) but with the portable edition i'm stuck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems the FF profile is well loaded and the browser is well launched but nothing happens (I stay on blank page) , the &quot;Selenium Core page&quot; (where we see selenium instructions) does not opens....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the selenium log with standart FF :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;10:06:10.245 INFO [31] org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler -    Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*firefox, http://automate.local.seatpi.fr] on session null&#xA;10:06:10.245 INFO [31] org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory - creating new remote session&#xA;10:06:10.254 INFO [31] org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory - Allocated session 2a97be5fa2b74f9c968e2239cb9f268b for http://automate.local.seatpi.fr, launching...&#xA;10:06:10.388 INFO [31] org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxChromeLauncher - Preparing Firefox profile...&#xA;10:06:11.589 INFO [31] org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxChromeLauncher - Launching Firefox...&#xA;10:06:13.935 INFO [31] org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler - Got result: OK,2a97be5fa2b74f9c968e2239cb9f268b on session 2a97be5fa2b74f9c968e2239cb9f268b&#xA;10:06:13.938 INFO [31] org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler - Command request: setTimeout[30000, ] on session 2a97be5fa2b74f9c968e2239cb9f268b&#xA;10:06:13.959 INFO [31] org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler - Got result: OK on session 2a97be5fa2b74f9c968e2239cb9f268b&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And with FF Portable :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;10:03:00.364 INFO [15] org.openqa.jetty.util.Credential - Checking Resource aliases&#xA;10:03:00.367 INFO [15] org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler - Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*firefox V:\Utilitaires\FirefoxPortable\FirefoxPortable.exe, http://automate.local.seatpi.fr] on session null&#xA;10:03:00.369 INFO [15] org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory - creating new remote session&#xA;10:03:00.380 INFO [15] org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory - Allocated session 0a72901b5b6c44f5b2f90f9e4ddc9b8e for http://automate.local.seatpi.fr, launching...&#xA;10:03:00.592 INFO [15] org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxChromeLauncher - Preparing Firefox profile...&#xA;10:03:01.246 INFO [15] org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxChromeLauncher - Launching Firefox...&#xA;10:03:17.933 INFO [16] org.openqa.selenium.server.SeleniumDriverResourceHandler - Command request: getNewBrowserSession[*firefox V:\Utilitaires\FirefoxPortable\FirefoxPortable.exe, http://automate.local.seatpi.fr] on session null&#xA;10:03:17.938 INFO [16] org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory - creating new remote session&#xA;10:03:17.939 INFO [16] org.openqa.selenium.server.BrowserSessionFactory - Allocated session d88cfd3bdf81498a8f2c92c3ebbd3ae0 for http://automate.local.seatpi.fr, launching...&#xA;10:03:18.070 INFO [16] org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxChromeLauncher - Preparing Firefox profile...&#xA;10:03:22.421 INFO [16] org.openqa.selenium.server.browserlaunchers.FirefoxChromeLauncher - Launching Firefox...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any idea to solve my problem ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8654" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-12-24T13:31:56.033" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T17:53:52.807" Title="Selenium RC with Firefox portable (Windows)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6358" CreationDate="2014-09-03T11:07:47.567" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use sikuli or AutoIT to handle things not supported by Selenium directly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8656" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T11:07:47.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9577" CreationDate="2014-09-03T15:07:18.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way you can force things is to use mental frameworks, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/test-analytics/wiki/AccExplained&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ACC&lt;/a&gt; or Nouns &amp;amp; Verbs where you come up with two lists and combine the two.  Examples are on this &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cheat sheet&lt;/a&gt;.  Note the Heuristics section of that cheat sheet also has lots of other ways to approach coming up with tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These types of models and frameworks help you increase the number of ideas you have by giving you launching off points.  The more you practice using these, the more natural it'll become.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T15:07:18.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9604" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-03T22:00:53.653" Score="1" ViewCount="1648" Body="&lt;p&gt;The automation code I'm working with was written by several people before me. It's messy, complex, etc. There are barely any comments within the code. It takes me an extremely long time to figure out what each class does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it recommended to have some sort of documentation, so the next engineer can read it, and know exactly what each class etc does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this common or would it be consider pointless? I can't seem to find an example of some sort of automation test documentation/maintenance structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone provide some sort of input?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8661" LastActivityDate="2014-09-17T06:55:58.913" Title="Is it recommended to document how selenium automation tests are laid out?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9604" CreationDate="2014-09-03T22:53:50.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, definitely, documenting your project is absolutely necessary. But I'm not talking about for automation tests specifically, but for all programs in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium automation tests are programs just like anything else, which means that all coding standards within your company should also apply. The quality of the automation tests should be as high as other code bases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on how your company defines the coding guidelines. As far as I know, some companies discourage the excess usage of comments, because the code itself should be self-explanatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, all method/variable names should be in some kind of pre-defined format, usages of semi-colon, brackets should be consistent company-wide, no long methods, no deeply nested control flows etc. All Selenium code should comply with the company rules completely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your situation, if you can't figure what a class does, then the problem is not about lack of commenting, but more about a poorly designed/named class. In that case, if your Selenium project is extremely messy and complex, I'd suggest refactor the relevant classes to make the project smell better, not simply add comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, you don't need to find resources on documenting automation tests specifically, but for programming in general. For instance, &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clean Code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;by Robert C. Martin&lt;/strong&gt; would be a good book to start off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5127" LastActivityDate="2014-09-03T22:53:50.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9604" CreationDate="2014-09-04T02:39:15.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often Selenium tests tend to become a bit messy, mainly as naturally they are initially written in a quick manner, just to progress through the scenario and as a proof of concept. In addition, extensive usage of XPATH can make the test look even more cryptic than it is already. As a result, the scripts become very hard to understand, at least from the first glance. So, from my personal experience, possible solutions to that problem are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add comments&lt;/strong&gt;. That may create much difference in terms of script readability, especially if the code is visually split into blocks and the comments appear on top of each block giving a brief explanation of what is going to be done in each such section. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#Log in&#xA;Selenium code...&#xA;&#xA;#Log out&#xA;Selenium code...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use wrappers&lt;/strong&gt;. Naturally, there are repeating blocks of code that can be wrapped within a function with more intuitive name. For example, if you are using commands like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, elementName)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can create a function that will take certain parameters and will hide the ugly code behind. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;waitForElement(driver, elementName, searchBy)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T02:39:15.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9608" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-04T02:53:24.937" Score="6" ViewCount="2961" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work with Selenium for quite a while now and was very happy with it for some time. However recently, I get more and more projects where I see extensive use of JavaScript. For example webpages written with ExtJS. As a result, the DOM structure of the webpage becomes unreliable for automation purposes and it gets harder and harder to make it work with Selenium (or any other DOM based automation tool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, given the fact that the above-mentioned technologies become more and more popular and relatively simple HTML webpages are harder to find, what does that mean in terms of automation tools like Selenium? As far as I see it, if that trend continues, and I see no reason why it wouldn't, will DOM based tools become useless? Are there any other tools that somehow interact better with JS based webpages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will be great to know some thoughts and\or personal experiences on that topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastEditorUserId="2551" LastEditDate="2014-09-04T08:21:53.860" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T04:26:03.880" Title="Future of DOM based UI testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9563" CreationDate="2014-09-04T05:50:28.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you prefer to use PHP you're stuck with using the PHPUnit implementation of the bindings. Unfortunately I'm not aware of any BDD PHP framework that supports mobile devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information about php-client can be found at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/php-client&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/appium/php-client&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8665" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-09-04T10:47:08.720" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T10:47:08.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9275" CreationDate="2014-09-04T05:59:39.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One tool to checkout out is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OWASP ZED Attack Proxy&lt;/a&gt; It has lot of different ways to test a site. ZED attack proxy has an excellent wiki and many different tools to scan a site. There are fuzz testing tools. Make sure you're testing a site you own but it will attempt to attack it with common attack vectors. Some things that I have found with doing my own scans for companies have been including a session id in the cookie and other basic things. There are some videos on youtube on how to best use the tools and it seems to be a rather active organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8665" LastEditorUserId="8665" LastEditDate="2014-09-04T15:41:07.307" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T15:41:07.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9548" CreationDate="2014-09-04T06:26:55.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Others have had had very good points, but I have one more thing to add to managing a huge amount of tests. Make sure you have a way to take one step ( ore few steps) backwards from the test results to form groups. Generally forming groups by functionality of the software works, and you might need to add groups for end-to-end tests etc. that do not fit ti groups. Anyway, this way you can handle one group at a time instead of the whole bunch. Also, if you maintain a description of why and what you are testing, you will find it easier to keep the test integrity. If you create a tree structure out of this, you will be able to manage thousands of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure how Microsoft Test Manager works this out, but I would guess it has features to support this kind of working. I am using Meliora Testlab which allows this with Jenkins-Selenium integration. This kind of approach works fine with Manual testing which is also nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T06:26:55.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9612" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-04T06:50:17.627" Score="1" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;In manual testing, how important role do great Test Ideas play? How often do you you fall short of testing ideas. for instance:- you are testing a financial domain web application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any idea generating technique that has helped testers test better practically. Please share.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8667" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T08:00:41.577" Title="Is Great Software Testing all about generating Test Ideas?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-09-05T22:03:07.640" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9612" CreationDate="2014-09-04T08:00:41.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is a bit theoretical, so I'll start my answer the same way: In theory, or in some projects, testing can be all about generating the great test ideas that will find the most relevant issues. A bit samy way that in theory, or in some projects systematic way of working with requirements will find all the relevant issues and prove that system works the way it is intended.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the example, the financial domain, the customer most probably will want to know what has been tested and to what extent. That will meant that with some sort test management practices are needed. When to test ( with the great ideas ), when to re-test, how to work with issues and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T08:00:41.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9614" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-04T08:34:02.533" Score="0" ViewCount="484" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in a company that creates websites. Currently, they do not have any description for the roles for the different levels (entry/junior, mid/intermediate to senior level) of sqa/sqc staff but would like to have one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas on what roles or duties are assigned to the entry, mid, and senior roles?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8669" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:16:26.227" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:16:26.227" Title="What are the different roles of a sqa/sqc person at experience levels of entry/junior, mid/intermediate, and senior" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-09-07T21:29:05.287" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9616" CreationDate="2014-09-04T08:40:47.983" Score="6" ViewCount="17922" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know if there's a standard Skill set for Skill Matrix for a Software Tester of different levels, like for example, what are the skills needed for an Entry level tester as well as what technologies and responsibilities he needs. And for the Mid Level tester and Senior Level as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I am working in a company who designs and develops websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8669" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-09-04T10:49:12.857" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T13:37:07.910" Title="Software Tester Skill Matrix with Levels" Tags="&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9615" CreationDate="2014-09-04T11:11:36.347" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no standard anything in testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In very broad terms, all testers need to be observant and good communicators. Outside that, it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, there are several broad fields of testing, including: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;security testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automated testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expertise in one area is no guarantee of expertise in another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, there are multiple business domains where testing is needed, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;games&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;medical software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;storefront software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ticketing software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;payroll management software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many organizations, particularly those in highly regulated areas, prefer to hire someone with no testing experience but a strong business domain experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there's the different skill-set focuses that are demanded by different software life cycles and development methodologies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testers in an agile environment usually need to be more flexible and contextual than testers in a waterfall environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testers in a waterfall environment with a well-understood, mature product may be expected to follow detailed test scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, some of the more common duties I've seen listed for the different levels include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entry level/Junior - following someone else's test plan or test charter; some experience with automation may be preferred but usually isn't required; independence and the ability to work without constant direction is usually preferred.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mid level/Intermediate - writing and/or defining test plans and charters is pretty common; following your own plans or someone else's; automation experience can be required at this level, but not always; independence and self-directed is always preferable; mentorship of junior testers may be preferred.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;High level/Senior - often writing/defining test plans and charters for large, complex projects; experience with automation is pretty common in job postings at this level; mentoring less experienced testers is another very common one; leading project test teams starts to show up at this level; building and maintaining automation frameworks and test tools can be involved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lead - test lead job postings usually start hitting the lower-level management skill-sets, like mentoring, managing work allocations, training, setting the team direction and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manager - will cover everything from the lead list, plus hire/fire responsibilities (which requires having interviewing skills, being able to evaluate someone's performance, and so forth). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, security and performance testing have separate skill-set listings and are usually defined separately because of the specialized knowledge and skills involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T11:11:36.347" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9608" CreationDate="2014-09-04T13:04:34.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't see DOM based tools going away until DOM itself goes away.  In general this is getting more and more complex with graphics, animations, tricks to increase speed, etc... but the underlying structure of the browser and html is the same.  The tricky parts are really just timing as the DOM is modified based on user interactions to avoid page reloading.  For Selenium and other DOM based tools that simply means careful precision of steps to ensure that elements exist correctly before interacting with them.  Technically this just enforces strong test step creation which is a good practice anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would see more support for html5 specific items like canvas and possibly even support for other built in browser capabilities, but frankly alot of these don't deal with the DOM at all as you mentioned.  Two things stand out to me about this technology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The common theme in all of this is images.  That being said I think the future is heading towards image recognition and testing based on the &quot;eye&quot; of the user.  I think Sikuli is ahead of it's time and is an amazing step in the right direction.  True there is still alot to be done, but I see more of a merging of DOM and image recognition for the future of test automation.  Straight image recognition is cumbersome and difficult to maintain as well as taking up alot more disk space.  DOM is much easier to deal with and closer to standards, but is not adaquate for all situations so it will be interesting to see how far this will go.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Essentially though this is the exact same problem introduced with Flash and will most likely be handled in similar fashion.  Flash automations &quot;read flash&quot; by the traces they leave.  Sequences of behavior, results, properties, etc...thus what is being used is automatable by reverse engineering the existing technology.  Most of all of this is done via javascript.  Therefore rather than replacing DOM tools I would guess that people will come up with clever ways to execute javascript in order to mimic the existing user interactions with javascript.  Thus your Selenium scripts will include more javascript execution instead of straight DOM execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think both are viable.  With all the developers though I think we will more than likely go with option 2.  I would love to see option 1 get poured into more as that field will work on anything and will be more stable going forward as technologies change.  However, it's also the more tricky and cumbersome of the two programming wise.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T13:04:34.400" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9608" CreationDate="2014-09-04T17:02:53.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eugene S, I had a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8882/testing-extjs-ui-with-webdriver&quot;&gt;similar problem&lt;/a&gt; with testing UI generated by ExtJS library. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution I found useful was to create separate classes for more complex visual components. For instance, for data grid components I have created ExtJsDataGrid class that let me pick up a specific cell in the grid, abstracting me from obscure details in Selenium (dynamic locators, JavaScript invocations, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are even companies that develop libraries of such wrappers, backed with Selenium, e.g. InfoStretch did it for ExtJs. It would be great, though, if each company that release a new library for UI rendering to provide also a library in Selenium to test their components. ExtJs would provide library for testing ExtJs components, Angular for Angular stuff, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T17:02:53.143" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9604" CreationDate="2014-09-04T19:38:37.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the code is for Selenium WebDriver, the documentation process can be greatly simplified with automated tools. Selenium supports Java very well, so unless you are using another language like C#, &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/tools/windows/javadoc.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;javadoc&lt;/a&gt; could be the way to go from a development maintenance point of view. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8682" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T19:38:37.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9604" CreationDate="2014-09-04T19:52:05.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've written some of these frameworks in the past and have followed a few guidelines in writing the code, and in creating design documents.  My basic view is that if I have left and in 6 months someone needs to work on this, would they (or I) have the information they need to continue to work with the tool?  If the answer is no, then you need to document.  Some other guidelines I try to follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is what this test case covers obvious by name?  If not, some comments within the header of the test case are good.  Do these at the beginning so someone has an idea of what the code they are about the read does&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the steps seem obvious or make sense?  If not, then a one liner about &quot;hitting page X which will return Y&quot; is good not only for someone else to review, but good for you to know at what step in the test case automation you are on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this step something that breaks often?  At times I have added extra checks just because there is fragility in the UI, or some other issue arises, I have added notes so that if I come back to this case in 6 months or more I know why I did what&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Commenting your code is the best thing you can do, I once heard it put that code is a conversation, if it doesn't speak to you directly it sometimes needs translation.  While a detailed design document is often not needed I have done enough for someone to get familiar with the framework as to its purpose, why I chose the one I did and most importantly why I did NOT chose others that I looked at.  Sometimes the most important information is not just why you chose that particular tool, but why you did not choose a similar one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are done with your code and comments, have someone else read it, or leave it alone for a few days then read it over.  Fresh eyes of any sort, your own or someone else's will help remove any ambiguities that might sneak in to your comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T19:52:05.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9622" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9811" CreationDate="2014-09-04T20:09:20.993" Score="1" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;Background: Combining separate Test Procedure and Test Case documentation has advantages, but so does leaving them separate. IEEE std. 829 mentions system level of complexity as a contributing factor to the decision to combine. From experience, it seems the tradeoff in terms of complexity is whether including test procedures makes the suite too cumbersome to navigate. Reused test procedures that are lengthy may slow down the tester when they could instead repeat a procedure from memory. On the other hand, switching between documents can be slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone reached a more concrete point of view on the tradeoffs of these approaches and a method for deciding between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8682" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T00:34:19.697" Title="Decision to separate or combine Test Procedure and Test Case documentation" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="130" CreationDate="2014-09-04T21:25:44.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In terms of straight documentation, I have found &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/confluence/#!&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Confluence&lt;/a&gt; to be widely used. If documents are more informal and provide system usage guidelines, wikis, a shared server drive, or a tool like Dropbox work well with teams. Dropbox may be quick to setup, but file version issues come at a cost to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other side, documentation can integrate with tools, so test case executions can be recorded in software, etc. A Test Plan may be stored separately, but test suites, test procedures, anomaly reports, test logs, etc have many tools tailored to these needs. They are accessible over a network, so other supporting documentation could be placed nearby. If the tool route is adopted later, many tools can import or export existing data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8682" LastActivityDate="2014-09-04T21:25:44.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9627" CreationDate="2014-09-05T02:51:30.110" Score="1" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't want to bring any argument.&#xA;Just want to know who should do the automation test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I heard from somebody that automation is a dev activity should own by developers.&#xA;But I should 100% think this is the tester's duty, because of the purpose is testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like a singer, his or her tool may be guitar for the show.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how do you think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8684" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-09-05T09:08:04.877" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T13:16:12.980" Title="Who should do the automation test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-09-05T22:02:49.987" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9624" CreationDate="2014-09-05T03:13:26.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not both? Tester has the test idea and the dev codes it up&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T03:13:26.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9624" CreationDate="2014-09-05T03:45:07.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically developers do test their codes, no question about it. However, there is a proper set of test processes in which a software should undergo and this is the job of a Software Quality Assurance Engineer. To ensure that the released software is stable, it is being tested through a series of software tests. For instance, Google has their SET(Software Engineering Test) to check their products before public release. Hence, a simple log in page may consists of around 5 test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information about Software Testing, please search it on Google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8685" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T03:45:07.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9624" CreationDate="2014-09-05T06:26:47.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exact answer to this question is opinion based, although saying automation testing is 100% the developers job or 100% the testers job is clearly incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like there are many kinds of developers, and many kinds of testers, there are also many kinds of automated tests - and people discussing automated tests don't always agree what kinds of tests they are talking about. Very low level tests like Unit Tests are clearly the job of the same person who writes the code (not &quot;another developer&quot; but &quot;the same person&quot;). Everything else is not so clear anymore, and details vary from company to company, department to department, and team to team. But all kinds of test automation (beyond Unit Tests) require the collaboration of testers and developers. Testers can give valuable input on how the tests should be structured, developers can give valuable input on how the tests can be implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short answer to your question is: If you have an argument like that, both sides of the argument need professional training on test automation. Such situations rarely get resolved with discussion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T06:26:47.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9614" CreationDate="2014-09-05T06:40:41.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Same as in all other related roles like software developer, project manager, line manager, product owner, etc, the definition of the role varies by company/department/team/person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really need some strictly defined roles, it's best to work out the definition with the people filling these roles - the answer by @Kate ( &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9615/software-tester-skill-matrix-with-levels/9616#9616&quot;&gt;Software Tester Skill Matrix with Levels&lt;/a&gt; ) is a good starting point. However, if you don't really need strictly defined roles, avoid them - especially in small companies they can do more harm than good due to discouraging juniors to do more than their role defines and encouraging seniors to rule over juniors by right of seniority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T11:49:01.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9614" CreationDate="2014-09-05T08:39:41.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even in a small business having defined roles is useful, as you need to know what to put on job advertisements.  Also, having a defined job title allows for promotion (which is sometimes more beneficial than a pay rise) when the situation warrants it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the most basic terms, the break down of testing/QA roles is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Junior&lt;/strong&gt; - this person lacks experience and will run tests that have been created by someone else.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intermediate&lt;/strong&gt; - this person will create test packs for defined areas, based on a test design created for them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Senior / Lead&lt;/strong&gt; - This person will be responsible for the design of the test approach and the sign off of the testing effort&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manager&lt;/strong&gt; - Responsible for the strategic implementation of testing, resource management and the bureaucracy associated with their team &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a small organisation, work top down from the Senior Test position.  A good senior tester will ensure that your product works correctly.  Intermediate and Juniors are best used to &quot;free up&quot; your senior tester so you don't need those until the work load becomes too taxing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T08:39:41.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9624" CreationDate="2014-09-05T09:05:41.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think we have two types of testers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual Testers (Write test cases, run manual test-suites, Processes, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Test Engineers (Developers who only write automated test suites)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I think you should have focus on one or the other. Its very hard to combine both into a single person and therefor manual testers should not do test automation. If in a team this means the developers write all the automated test so be it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see my answer to this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9109/suite-of-automated-tests-owned-by-devs-or-testers/9115#9115&quot;&gt;Suite of automated tests - owned by devs or testers?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T12:54:43.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9548" CreationDate="2014-09-05T09:07:06.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's possible you're tackling a symptom and not the root cause?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you have &lt;strong&gt;User Stories*&lt;/strong&gt; and are they managed in some tool?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you have acceptance criteria for each &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_story&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Story&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you formalize the acceptance criteria as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Cases&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you &quot;link&quot; each automated test to its corresponding &lt;strong&gt;Test Case&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can answer &lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt; to all questions then all you need to do is to manage your User Stories and Test Cases. It's very unlikely a test case will fall into two different User Stories, and if it does there might be a valid reason for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, tools for handling User Stories and Test Cases are usually much more prepared to handle this information so you should be able to query for duplicates, etc., very easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you answer &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; to some of the questions then I'd say that's the root cause of your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional benefits of this approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The chances that you're testing something that's not important are greatly reduced because you only test what the Product Owner and team decided was important.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Documentation of the automated tests in the code is now just about including some link to the &lt;strong&gt;Test Case&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any business person can easily review your Test Cases and deprecate/improve them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*You can replace User Story with &lt;em&gt;requirement&lt;/em&gt; or something else if you're not using an Agile process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8690" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T09:07:06.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9632" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9634" CreationDate="2014-09-05T09:52:13.870" Score="1" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have are developing software application and we have developed about 80% of application and also tested. Now, for pilot launching, we required software reliability reports. Does anyone have any idea about how to generate software reliability report and what are the areas which we need to cover in this report? I have never created such report and I need to submit it to my management team in a day or two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me out finding sample report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate your inputs/help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7315" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T11:27:54.980" Title="How to generate software reliability reports" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9632" CreationDate="2014-09-05T11:27:54.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unaware of any standard definition for &quot;Software Reliability Report&quot;. And an internet search doesn't show anything either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you have 2 options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask management what they want in the report, or if they don't know, ask them what the report is for and use your best judgement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make something up. List of known defects, supported usage scenarios, unsupported scenarios, working features, missing features, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Out of these 2 options, the first one is preferable, unless you have unreasonable management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T11:27:54.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9635" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9658" CreationDate="2014-09-05T12:12:17.297" Score="2" ViewCount="2344" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some background:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am automating for continuous deployment a massive amount of massive files that are in different data structures that gather different data. I know this is vague but sadly, that is the best I can really explain it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the primary goals of the automation is to verify that the data is as accurate as possible. There is approximately 200 different Data Structures all containing different pieces and parts of information designed with different styles, XML, CSV, Pipe Delimited etc etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone had any experience with such a project, and if so, any tools or methods used in order to complete such a task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to avoid generalizing and just looking for ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool that can be used that will assist in parsing multiple different types of data structures (listed above) and be able to associate them with data from another source, preferably on the fly? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:09:54.333" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T15:10:45.127" Title="Data Testing for Massive CSV/XML files" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9636" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-05T12:31:40.757" Score="2" ViewCount="22895" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able to understand the use of new function() and apply() in the following code while learning timeouts using Fluent Wait method to set timeout in Selenium Webdriver script in java.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Wait wait = new FluentWait(driver)    &#xA;    .withTimeout(30, SECONDS)    &#xA;    .pollingEvery(5, SECONDS)   &#xA;    .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement foo = wait.until(new Function() {    &#xA;    public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {    &#xA;        return driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;foo&quot;));    &#xA;    }&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please explain me the logic. &#xA;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8693" LastEditorUserId="8689" LastEditDate="2014-09-05T15:32:04.090" LastActivityDate="2015-04-30T07:54:29.363" Title="Using FluentWait Class to wait until a condition is true in Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9624" CreationDate="2014-09-05T13:16:12.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two Type of Automation (in this specific Scenario)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unit Test Automation, in which we develop automation scripts for Unit testing. I have seen project where Jmeter and other tools are used and the automation testing teams doing this automation with the help of Developers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Function Test Automation, in which Automation team gets the product / service with test cases (Waterfall model not agile that is different story) and do the automation using specific automation testing tools.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now For your precise question &quot;Who Should Do the Automation Test ? &quot; (in which you have not cleared what automation) Answer is Test Automation team should do the automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask any of the following questions then answer(s) will be different&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who should do the Unit Test Automation ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who should do the Load Automation Test ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who should do the non function Automation test ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who should do the Black box test automation ?  (In other words Functional automation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then There are several (read hundreds) other test automation areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8567" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T13:16:12.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7736" CreationDate="2014-09-05T13:47:39.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should try Ranorex 5.0 it's a great took to work with pie charts and bar graphs. It is based on dot net framework hence uses c# language, I am saying this because I have worked on this tool and work with bar graphs and pie charts. There are various cases in which we have to validate the tool tip on a bar graph and with the help of this tool it worked seamlessly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8695" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T13:47:39.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9636" CreationDate="2014-09-05T13:59:40.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What this does is, it waits until the element with id &quot;foo&quot; is found. If the element is not found, retry every 5 seconds. But wait only up to a maximum of 30 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does this by calling the following function every 5 seconds, until it doesn't return null:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    return driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;foo&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole &quot;new Function&quot; thingy creates an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.programmerinterview.com/index.php/java-questions/java-anonymous-class-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;anonymous instance of an anonymous class&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same can be achieved by writing something more or less like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class CheckForFoo implements Function&amp;lt;WebDriver,WebElement&amp;gt; {&#xA;    @override&#xA;    public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        return driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;foo&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;Wait wait = new FluentWait(driver)&#xA;   .withTimeout(30, SECONDS)&#xA;   .pollingEvery(5, SECONDS)&#xA;   .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;WebElement foo = wait.until(new CheckForFoo());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see the definition of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/Wait.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wait&lt;/a&gt; interface and the definition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FluentWait&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="8689" LastEditDate="2014-09-05T14:17:19.437" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T14:17:19.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9642" CreationDate="2014-09-05T14:20:05.643" Score="5" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I have been writing tests, I always stuck to the principle of &lt;em&gt;one assertion per test&lt;/em&gt;. Now assume I have a simple application where I want to perform a &lt;strong&gt;system test&lt;/strong&gt; with the following three test cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if a user can register a new account&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if a user can log in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if a logged in user can add a post&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that in a unit test all three tests can be performed independently by mocking the other components. However, in a system test, 2. depends on 1., and 3. depends on 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always pondered how to model such dependencies in tests while still maintaining the one assertion per test principle. Up until recently I simply would write three independent test cases, where each necessary step was repeated within the test code. However, this often led to test code duplication and in consequence to hard to maintain test code. So I began to cascade my tests like in this pseudo code example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_register_user():&#xA;   new_user = app.register new user()&#xA;   assert(new_user in app.list_of_users())&#xA;   return new_user&#xA;&#xA;def test_login():&#xA;   user = test_register_user()&#xA;   logged_in_user = app.log_in_user(user)&#xA;   assert(logged_in_user in app.list_of_logged_in_users())&#xA;   return logged_in_user&#xA;&#xA;def test_write_post():&#xA;   app.write_post(text=&quot;text&quot;, user=test_login())&#xA;   assert(&quot;text&quot; in app.list_posts())&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if &lt;code&gt;test_write_post()&lt;/code&gt; is executed, it will call &lt;code&gt;test_login()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;test_register_user()&lt;/code&gt;. I like this approach because it does reduce test code duplication. However, I am not sure whether it violates the &quot;one assertion per test&quot; principle. On the one hand there is only one assertion that directly belongs to the tested method. On the other hand if you follow the execution path of the test case, several assertion will be checked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: Does the presented style of cascading tests violate the &lt;em&gt;&quot;one assertion per test&quot;&lt;/em&gt; principle? If so, are there any better practices how one can deal with dependencies in system test while keeping the test code maintainable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8694" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T16:27:40.180" Title="Does cascading tests violate the &quot;one assertion per Test&quot; principle?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9640" CreationDate="2014-09-05T15:18:35.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does the presented style of cascading tests violate the &quot;one assertion per test&quot; principle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it does. While the style is quite clean, a disadvantage to your solution is that it becomes harder to run test_login and test_write_post with a different user, for example with one that is already registered. I personally find a better solution is to have cascading test suites which can define the order in which to run their tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_register_user(username):&#xA;   new_user = app.register new user(username)&#xA;   assert(new_user in app.list_of_users())&#xA;&#xA;def test_login(username):&#xA;   logged_in_user = app.log_in_user(username)&#xA;   assert(logged_in_user in app.list_of_logged_in_users())&#xA;&#xA;def test_write_post():&#xA;   app.write_post(text=&quot;text&quot;)&#xA;   assert(&quot;text&quot; in app.list_posts())&#xA;&#xA;def suite_new_user_writes_text&#xA;   return new suite()&#xA;           .add(test(test_register_user))&#xA;           .add(test(test_login,username))&#xA;           .add(test(test_write_post, username))&#xA;&#xA;def suite_new_user_writes_text_and_logs_out&#xA;   return new suite()&#xA;           .add(suite(suite_new_user_writes_text))&#xA;           .add(test(logout,username))&#xA;&#xA;def suite_new_user_writes_text_and_gets_banned_for_writing_profanities&#xA;   return new suite()&#xA;           .add(suite(suite_new_user_writes_text))&#xA;           .add(test(test_ban_user,username))&#xA;&#xA;def run_tests&#xA;    suites = meta_search_for_functions_starting_with(&quot;suite_&quot;)&#xA;    foreach suite in suites test_and_log(suite)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="8689" LastEditDate="2014-09-05T15:23:59.683" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T15:23:59.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9640" CreationDate="2014-09-05T16:27:40.180" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer to test in isolation, test should not be depended of each other in order to be able to run them on their own. This makes testing a smaller part of the application easier for developers. Also if each test has its own environment to run in you can run tests in parallel without tests conflicting each others runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will be some extra overhead in setup for each test, this makes a single test run of the suite slower, but since you can run tests in parallel it will scale easier in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a function for each duplicate behaviour in your tests. This is handy since if the signup changes you do not have to update multiple tests. Keep your code &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don&amp;#39;t_repeat_yourself&quot;&gt;DRY&lt;/a&gt;. Also have a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.jsp#page-object-design-pattern&quot;&gt;Page Object Pattern&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page Object&lt;/strong&gt; is a Design Pattern which has become popular in test automation for enhancing test maintenance and reducing code duplication. A page object is an object-oriented class that serves as an interface to a page of your AUT. The tests then use the methods of this page object class whenever they need to interact with that page of the UI. The benefit is that if the UI changes for the page, the tests themselves don’t need to change, only the code within the page object needs to change. Subsequently all changes to support that new UI are located in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would setup your example something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def setup_new_user():&#xA;    new_user = app.register new user()&#xA;    return new_user&#xA;&#xA;def login(user):&#xA;    logged_in_user = app.log_in_user(user)&#xA;    return logged_in_user&#xA;&#xA;def test_register_user():&#xA;    new_user = setup_new_user()&#xA;    assert(new_user in app.list_of_users())&#xA;&#xA;def test_login():&#xA;    logged_in_user = login(setup_new_user())&#xA;    assert(logged_in_user in app.list_of_logged_in_users())&#xA;&#xA;def test_write_post():&#xA;    logged_in_user = login(setup_new_user())&#xA;    app.write_post(text=&quot;text&quot;, user=test_login())&#xA;    assert(&quot;text&quot; in app.list_posts())&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-09-05T16:27:40.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-05T19:20:45.343" Score="4" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;So my company has web applications created in .NET/ASP.NET which are fully supported in IE 8 (current company standard). We want to move our company standard browser to IE 10 or 11. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, we have external employees/clients who may use other browsers (FF, Chrome, Safari, etc). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would like some efficient way of assessing our applications (over 200) to see how ready they are to be used in a more modern browser and to help us figure out what type of changes need to be done in order to make it compatible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any tool/technique for the job. It doesn't have to be fully automated. We can do some manual checking as well. But it should be as efficient as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also know many other organizations have gone through this process of upgrading their legacy applications. What successful approaches are there for this task? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8471" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-09-07T21:21:24.913" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T12:23:20.170" Title="Efficient way of figuring out whether web apps are forward compatible with a new browser?" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9645" CreationDate="2014-09-06T06:32:03.863" Score="2" ViewCount="3390" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a application that opens a form to fill up when i click on a button.&#xA;I need to switch to that window , fill up the form and come out&#xA;I tried this code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set beforePopup = driver.getWindowHandles();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//code to click on add button to open the pop-up&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//body[@id='ext-gen1018']/div[@id='contentPanel-1461']/div[@id='contentPanel-1461-body']/div[@id='campaigns-1464']/div[@id='campaigns-1464-body']/span[@id='campaigns-1464-outerCt']/div[@id='campaigns-1464-innerCt']/div[@id='campaignscoveragegrid-1494']/div[@id='toolbar-1507']/div[@id='toolbar-1507-innerCt']/div[@id='toolbar-1507-targetEl']/a[@id='button-1508']/span[@id='button-1508-btnWrap']/span[@id='button-1508-btnEl']/span[@id='button-1508-btnIconEl']&quot;)).click(); &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; wndHandler = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    Iterator &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = wndHandler.iterator();&#xA;    String Parent = it.next();&#xA;    String Child = it.next();&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(Child);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting no such element exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastActivityDate="2014-09-06T10:14:18.930" Title="How to switch pop-up handler using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9644" CreationDate="2014-09-06T10:14:18.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use following code to switch between windows based on the window title. or please go through this link &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8416/how-to-switch-handle-particular-popup-window-when-multiple-popup-are-opened-an&quot;&gt;Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; private void handleMultipleWindows(String windowTitle) {&#xA;            Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; windows = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;&#xA;            for (String window : windows) {&#xA;                driver.switchTo().window(window);&#xA;                if (driver.getTitle().contains(windowTitle)) {&#xA;                    return;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-09-06T10:14:18.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9646" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9647" CreationDate="2014-09-06T11:09:29.077" Score="1" ViewCount="2173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing www.paytm.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that I have filled in the mobile number but I am not able to focus and select the mobile operator which is present in the dropdown just after the phone number section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to select 'vodafone' as the value from the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to do that using webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Code I have written till now&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;`&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MMT {&#xA;&#xA; public static void main (String[] args)&#xA; {&#xA;&#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;E:/som/chromedriver/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://paytm.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-number&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;9876543212&quot;);`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What should be my next steps?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastEditorUserId="17212" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T12:56:10.397" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T10:05:11.310" Title="I want to select the value from the dropdown" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9646" CreationDate="2014-09-06T11:32:46.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please Use &lt;code&gt;select.selectByValue(&quot;Vodafone&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;OR kindly post the HTML code&lt;/strong&gt; and go through this Link &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20138761/how-to-select-a-dropdown-value-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per your comments below updated the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test1 {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;http://www.paytm.com&quot;);&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;               driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;              driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-number&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;9876543212&quot;);&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//button[@type='button'])[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='mobile-oprator-dd']/div/div[1]/div/ul/li[18]/a/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-amount&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;100&quot;);&#xA;            Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-operator&quot;)));&#xA;            select.selectByValue(&quot;Vodafone&quot;);**//Here you wanted to select &quot;Vodafone&quot;**&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T06:35:55.190" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9635" CreationDate="2014-09-06T16:44:02.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of testing with csv / xml level. You can load the data into a database and run queries and obtain accurate results&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a Results DB with Run_Id (ex-ResultMMDDYYY_1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load the source and destination data into the DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Queries for each source / destination tables and create a results table&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fetch the data from results table and publish results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can extract rows with data differences or refer it to the particular table / row&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comparing through code would be a overhead. 100% comparison for all fields would be difficult to begin with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validate priority cases&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design Generic Schema&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach would reduce data comparison / strings / date formats / data types if the schema and data loading is done correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it Helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-09-06T16:44:02.363" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-07T04:40:10.593" Score="4" ViewCount="437" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to &quot;Mobile application testing&quot; and I googled and got appium and selandroid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to learn mobile application testing and I have experience selenium webdriver with java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Queries are:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure to learn Mobile application testing do I require IOS, android mobile phones?. (I have IOS Mobile apple 3gs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If real mobile is not required then, how to do this test any links, suggestions, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open source tool to learn Mobile application testing and tutorial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please suggest.....!!!!!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks much..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastActivityDate="2015-03-27T05:03:46.493" Title="Mobile application testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9649" CreationDate="2014-09-07T13:26:01.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is very broad, therefore the answer has to be broad as well. &quot;mobile application testing&quot; is as specific as &quot;mobile application development&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Applications are tested at different layers. One extremely important layer is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt;, which requires that the tester runs the application in a setup that's as close as possible to that of a real user, and uses the application in any way they can think of. Given the cost of a tester ($$$) versus the cost of a handset ($), this means testing requires a lot of different mobile phones and tablets. These are usually owned by the company, not the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run the mobile OS in a virtual environment. The specifics depend highly on the OS, OS version, and application development framework. A lot of the options can be found by googling the name of the OS/framework, combined with &quot;automated test&quot;. E.g &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=ios%20automated%20test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iOS automated test&lt;/a&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=xamarin%20automated%20test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;xamarin automated test&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Too broad a question, and too opinion based to provide an objective answer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2014-09-07T13:26:01.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9651" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-07T17:38:38.257" Score="2" ViewCount="484" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have explored couple of tools like Appium, KIF: for these tools we need to own the app (to enable Automation Instrument) to automate. And also tried with .IPA files available on the internet (Gmail email client) on iOS simulator, not got any success yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement to automate iOS' default Email app, is there any tool/approach to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8703" LastEditorUserId="8724" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T17:28:04.770" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T12:26:59.427" Title="Is there any tool available to automate iOS default (Email) app?" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;calabash&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9677" CreationDate="2014-09-07T19:46:16.977" Score="2" ViewCount="8671" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to verify selected item is exists in another (Cart/Shopping Bag) page, for &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;EX:&lt;/strong&gt; I am buying one/many items from application and then I will move all the items to Cart/Shopping Bag, here I want to verify the previously selected item is same as in your Cart/Shopping Bag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please let me know how to compare items in both/different the pages.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test URL is:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.myntra.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.myntra.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blow are the code sample and screenshots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    import java.util.List;&#xA;    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;    public class CartListInMyntra {&#xA;    static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void method() {&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.myntra.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Login&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='login']/div[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;    WebElement ele =wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;q&quot;)));&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;q&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;puma&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;icon-search&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    WebElement table = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;results-cnt&quot;));// &#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows=table.findElements(By.className(&quot;product&quot;));&#xA;    int count = rows.size();&#xA;    for (WebElement items : rows){&#xA;    System.out.println(items.getText());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;WebElement we = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[4]/ul/li[1]&quot;));     &#xA;action.moveToElement(we).build().perform();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div[1]/span[1]/div[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;*//div[@class='buy-opts']/div[2]/button[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement viewCart = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/a[3]&quot;));&#xA;action.moveToElement(viewCart).build().perform();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/div[8]/div[2]/div[3]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;  WebElement view = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;prod-name&quot;));&#xA;  List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;selected_Items =view.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));       &#xA;  for (WebElement sel_items : selected_Items){&#xA;  System.out.println(sel_items.getText());&#xA;  }&#xA;  if(rows.get(0).equals(selected_Items.get(0))){&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;EQUALS&quot;);&#xA;  }else{&#xA;  System.err.println(&quot;NOT EQUALS&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;  }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YwZFS.png&quot; alt=&quot;Compare 01&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/I3Byq.png&quot; alt=&quot;Compare 02&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="8159" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T19:31:12.747" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T11:42:31.910" Title="How to verify whether selected item is exist in another page? (Ecommerce application)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9653" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9656" CreationDate="2014-09-08T05:56:19.033" Score="-2" ViewCount="1404" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a ERP application where I have to click on a 'Search' button after which it will give me list of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to automate that using WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xGvsb.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshot of ERP application showing Search button and results&quot;&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Search tab is empty before the search option. I want to check whether the data is coming after pressing the 'Search' button or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to proceed? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T13:59:13.710" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T13:59:13.710" Title="Want to capture data after the search action using Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9655" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-08T06:23:55.697" Score="5" ViewCount="76725" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to scroll down a page that is coming inside a form, not on the main page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,250)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FAlon.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code is not able to pick the scroll bar as it is not in the main page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-18T17:54:48.723" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T14:23:12.563" Title="Not able to scroll down page using Selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-20T12:30:25.867" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9653" CreationDate="2014-09-08T06:29:18.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can refer this link and let us know is this ok for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6198947/how-to-get-text-from-each-cell-of-an-html-table&quot;&gt;Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T06:29:18.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9643" CreationDate="2014-09-08T06:54:20.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask the employees who use other browsers about known issues on non-IE8 browsers, assuming you don't track those issues yet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have an experienced developer do a cursory check of the code to spot known incompatibilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the existing automated tests with the new standard browser instead of the old one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define high priority applications, where failure is very visible and/or very expensive, and run exploratory testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform a &quot;beta&quot; with a limited set of users where acceptance of errors is high and a fallback is available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you are already using some other browsers and these might work, it's possible that the development standards were high enough that most of the applications just work. It's also possible that everything falls apart, that's what makes accurate estimation very tricky. Since it's pretty obvious that you will have to move away from IE8 very soon due to end of life, I recommend just doing the migration with the steps listed above and adjust the estimate based on what you find as you progress. Steps 1-3 are cheap and allow for a decent initial estimation of work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="8689" LastEditDate="2014-09-08T07:04:41.457" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T07:04:41.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9635" CreationDate="2014-09-08T09:33:16.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;using your favorite script language would probably be the best solution, Peter suggested Perl and I'll add Python to the list, both have excellent modules to parse and analyze CSVs and XMLs and a lot of capabilities to help you in your tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T09:33:16.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9635" CreationDate="2014-09-08T12:47:28.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My current solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using an XmlStreamer I parse in some of the XML and verify that it is Xml. If it is, it processes the Xml file, uses the file name in order to receive instructions in how to build the comparison data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is not Xml, it parses the file to look for delimiters, checking line by line until only one delimiter is contained on the line while keeping a total count of each delimiter. If after 50 lines the lines all have contained more than 1 of the delimiter it uses the counts of each line and the one with the most is determined to be the delimiter (currently comma, pipe and tab). Following that it again grabs the name of the file in order to look for instructions in order to build comparison data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end I am going to have it log more to a database with the raw comparison data and results just for data collections efforts and potentially to use long term to expedite the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T12:47:28.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9655" CreationDate="2014-09-08T13:13:00.973" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please use below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://www.flipkart.com/&quot;);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Trimmer&quot;)).click();&#xA;WebElement scroll = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;brand&quot;));&#xA;scroll.sendKeys(Keys.PAGE_DOWN);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T13:13:00.973" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2811" CreationDate="2014-09-08T18:33:18.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using the following as a constant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FF_PROFILE_PATH = os.path.join(os.environ['APPDATA'],&#xA;                               'Mozilla', 'Firefox', 'Profiles')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe it's consistent across OSes per &lt;a href=&quot;https://duckduckgo.com/l/?kh=-1&amp;amp;uddg=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fkb%2FProfiles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mozilla support documentation&lt;/a&gt;. To locate the correct profile, you can iterate through the list created by &lt;code&gt;os.listdir&lt;/code&gt; to find the profile, as such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try:&#xA;    profiles = os.listdir(FF_PROFILE_PATH)&#xA;except WindowsError:&#xA;    print &quot;Could not find profiles directory.&quot;&#xA;    sys.exit(1)&#xA;try:&#xA;    loc = (folder for folder in profiles&#xA;           if folder.endswith(profile)).next()&#xA;except StopIteration:&#xA;    print &quot;Firefox profile not found.&quot;&#xA;    sys.exit(1)&#xA;return os.path.join(FF_PROFILE_PATH, loc)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8714" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T18:33:18.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9663" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9676" CreationDate="2014-09-08T21:22:24.587" Score="4" ViewCount="313" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a person with actual manual testing skills gained after countless testing of in-house software products &lt;em&gt;[open that page, that page, and that page. Run test. Wait. Record results. Run performance test. Summarize. Gather artifacts. E-mail. Repeat to reproduce results.]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Outside of that experience, that person is just a typical &quot;install Ubuntu, learn to google shell commands&quot; poweruser, and she asks us the developer people to give learning advice on QA road.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an actual software developer, who is going to keep an eye on that tester's skill progress - what practical skills, typically found in software developers, are most recommended to transfer to QA people to let them later find some work in that quality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what skills should be never taught to testers by software devs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recall hearing that Excel skills are much expect to prepare all kinds of statistical reports, are there other basics (probably never encountered by the poweruser) to be learned first?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8716" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T14:28:29.283" Title="Software Tester: experience first, formal skills then" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9663" CreationDate="2014-09-08T22:25:35.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software Testers require good concentration, soft skills, good attitude, and knowledge of the domain they are testing. Beyond that, the skills that are valuable to them, and which you as a software developer can teach them, are related to build automation and test automation. Software Testers who know how to set up and expand automated test frameworks get a lot more perks than manual software testers, and there is infinite knowledge to be gained in that area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Also, what skills should be never taught to testers by software devs?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing really. Just one vital sin comes to mind: Don't ever use Software Testers to write your Unit Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T22:25:35.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9663" CreationDate="2014-09-08T22:31:33.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just happened today to read again blog post about &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.codinghorror.com/separating-programming-sheep-from-non-programming-goats/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;difficulties people encounter when they try to transition to programming&lt;/a&gt; . Most of programmers will fail to even mention this problem (because they are past the transition). it is not obvious that even a PC power user can become a programmer. And hurdle so hard to overcome is not recursion or loops, but having a mental model how assignment work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blog post links to academic article (written by professors teaching programming for CompSci students) which contains simple test to check if a person can build mental model of assignment. Try it with your person. Article claims that more than half of CompSci students fail to develop mental model how assignment works and will never become competent programmers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is before learning domain-specific tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-09-08T22:31:33.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8826" CreationDate="2014-09-09T00:17:23.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As of May 2014, you can spin up instances of Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 in Azure (Microsoft's cloud service) as well as various flavors of Windows Server.  You simply need an MSDN license to do so.  The instances are available for development and testing of desktop applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/updates/windows-7-and-windows-8-1-client-vm-images-msdn-subscribers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/updates/windows-7-and-windows-8-1-client-vm-images-msdn-subscribers/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T00:17:23.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9669" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-09T13:03:22.203" Score="2" ViewCount="16091" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a ERP where the elements id are changing/rotating randomly. so if I am writing a code to locate a id, next time I run the selenium code it gets me error as the id changes by that time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to capture the ids everytime&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-15T13:40:51.757" LastActivityDate="2014-09-15T13:40:51.757" Title="How to work with changing element id in the html code" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-03-15T04:11:43.767" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9669" CreationDate="2014-09-09T15:33:45.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't capture the id's every time, you need to find some other way of uniquely identifying the elements.  I'm assuming this is a 3rd party tool that you don't have any control over, but if you do have control you could ask the developers to provide either a unique ID or some other unique identifier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other options you have would be to identify elements using other attributes such as class, name, title, etc.  You could also get all elements by tagname and then iterate through the list looking for an element that matches the inner text, or even just by index.  There are a number of options using either xpath or css selectors to uniquely identify elements, depending on what the html looks like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to provide some sample html, I or others could probably help you create an identifier for whatever element you are working with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T15:33:45.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9669" CreationDate="2014-09-09T15:49:13.160" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sadly, it sounds like using the ID is not an option in this scenario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of websites implement security to prevent automating. While this makes your job more difficult it does improve the security of the application. So what can be done to bypass these security tricks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Use a different unique constant for that element&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could mean using the class, xpath, class and xpath, or a massive variety of other identifiers in an attempt to identify the element you are wanting. This is a lot easier than you might think. A good example would be to create a list of all links, narrow down the list of links based on their classes and then iterate through the remaining list until it contains the text you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Use a different method than UI Automation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on what you are attempting to accomplish with the testing (Does the button work or does the process work?) you could always bypass the UI as a whole and just use HTTP requests to simulate the users. Some applications this might be impossible to do but it is typically speaking a lot faster, smoother and far less maintenance work. Also, it is very simple to record HTTP using applications like fiddler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Have adjustable security settings within the configuration&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be a massive pain for developers but it is extremely useful feature for secured websites. By implementing a configuration that optimizes the site for automation it will allow the automation team to easily and more efficiently build their scripts. However this causes drawbacks in the sense that it is a possible security issue and convincing people the need for this might be an overwhelming, drawn out task that ends up getting done quite poorly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;And a cheat sheet to help&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/xpath,-css,-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cheat sheet&lt;/a&gt; will assist in locating the XPath and CSS of the elements. Depending on the browser you should typically choose CSS over XPath (Performance reasons) if ID and such is not an option. This especially applies to IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have many options just not that many good ones. It will increase the processing power required to performed your duties and likely slow down testing (Unless you bypass the UI which will be more efficient). However, it is very possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-09-10T13:02:54.390" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T13:02:54.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9663" CreationDate="2014-09-09T16:03:17.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;As an actual software developer, who is going to keep an eye on that tester's skill progress - what practical skills, typically found in software developers, are most recommended to transfer to QA people to let them later find some work in that quality?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I think the majority of manual testers need to be taught first would be the basics behind development and how the system itself is functioning. SQA (Manual) can be considered a low skill easy job that you can fill with nearly any one with basic technical skills. Sadly this results in poorly written defects, very little discovery testing and overall a weaker QA department that relies on the Development department.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So where to start? I would personally start by teaching them techniques to allow them to attempt to find the root cause of a defect. This will not only assist them in learning the development practices but it would also assist the developers when you have someone in QA who files a defect that says &lt;em&gt;&quot;On line 86 of Orders.CS we are mapping the AddressID to the OrderID&quot;&lt;/em&gt; instead of &lt;em&gt;&quot;Wrong order was returned when I seached for it&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I know this example is a bit overkill but I have personally filed such defects. Typically though they should be attempting to find the source of the issue not how to fix it in the source code).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottom line is that it needs to benefit both teams. Having a stronger QA department primarily, IMO, means that they are finding more defects and filing them in such a way that allows the developer to spend a minimal amount of time attempting to discover and fix the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T16:03:17.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9669" CreationDate="2014-09-09T18:51:30.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use another identifier to identify the object or use xpath, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;starts-with&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your dynamic element's ids have the format  where button id=&quot;continue-12345&quot;  where 12345 is a dynamic number you could use the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XPath:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;//button[starts-with(@id, 'continue-')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;contains&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes an element gets identified by a value that could be surrounded by other text, then contains function can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XPath:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;//input[contains(@class, 'suggest')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T18:51:30.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9669" CreationDate="2014-09-09T20:57:55.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The image processing based &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; works on optical recognition of screen elements rather than HTML elements and can be a method to get around those peskily changing IDs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4281" LastActivityDate="2014-09-09T20:57:55.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9675" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-10T06:54:28.857" Score="0" ViewCount="4648" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a select box which has 3 values in the drop-down. When I click on the select box and then further use &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; on the value item , it works fine. but when I use &lt;code&gt;Keys.ARROW_DOWN&lt;/code&gt; its displays the select values but does not click/select the item in drop down. Also I don't want to use 'Select' class for it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ctl04_Pane2_AttributeDefinitionCategoryTest']/td[2]//td[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ctl04_Pane2_AttributeDefinitionCategoryTest']/td[2]/div/select&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if the 'Id' of the select box changes dynamically, then should we use the webdriver 'Select' class for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8720" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T13:36:48.437" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T13:36:48.437" Title="Keys.ARROW_DOWN does not select an item in the 'Select Box'?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9663" CreationDate="2014-09-10T14:28:29.283" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a manual/exploratory tester who works very closely with developers I find that the best way to improve my effectiveness is to learn as much as possible about programming in general, plus the languages/technologies (e.g. Drupal, WordPress) being used. Being able to code to the same standard as a developer is not a requirement to be an effective tester, but being able to hack stuff together or tweak existing code is definitely a good way to learn more about the products I'm testing and build up my overall domain knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to think about a product in terms of how it might have been coded also helps me to better assess risk, discover bugs more quickly and (often, but not always) identify a likely cause to an observed problem. I also find that having deeper domain knowledge helps me to write better bug reports that are written in a format that developers can easily understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When testing front-end code, being fluent in HTML/CSS (with a good grounding in JavaScript) often enables me to pinpoint the section of code that is causing issues or needs more work. When I'm testing a website's back-end I'm generally not able to access the code that powers it, but having an understanding of databases, relationships between objects, user permissions etc. helps me to root out obscure bugs and get a good idea of what might be causing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice to you (and the tester you're supporting), therefore, is to give him/her as much insight into how the software is built, for instance by explaining how key technologies work or by talking him/her through some of your code. This will hopefully help him/her to become a more investigative tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't say there's anything that a developer &lt;em&gt;shouldn't&lt;/em&gt; teach a tester, but I do think it's important that testers aren't just replicating the testing already performed by developers. Testers need to be able to think beyond the code and the software's intended functionality; instead of just checking that things are working as they should, testers should use their intuition and creativity to find edge cases and unintended functionality that a developer might never have thought of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8724" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T14:28:29.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9652" CreationDate="2014-09-10T16:08:27.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are comparing values, so better you store each values in the String and compare both the String values. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T16:08:27.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-10T17:07:57.517" Score="1" ViewCount="216" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to manage my manual regression test suite in a more professional manner and in a way that helps my QA personnel do their jobs easier. As such I was looking for a product that can help out with this but so far the only ones I've seen are Microsoft's Test Manager (MTM) and zest-testing.com both of which are far from optimal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any good pieces of software out there that can help with managing test cases and test runs as well as optimizations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8728" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T06:58:52.663" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T06:59:10.737" Title="Product To Manage Regression Test Suite" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8535" CreationDate="2014-09-10T19:07:58.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I needed to do this in javascript with protractor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  browser.actions()&#xA;  .mouseMove(&#xA;    element(by.css('.material-dialog-container'))&#xA;    , -20, -20  // pixel offset from top left&#xA;  )&#xA;  .click()&#xA;  .perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8729" LastActivityDate="2014-09-10T19:07:58.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9679" CreationDate="2014-09-11T05:32:20.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One suggestion can be Test Link, its freeware. You can easily install and configure at your end. This tool will help you to maintain a regression repository consisting of Test Case, Test Scripts, Test Run, Bugs etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T05:32:20.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9679" CreationDate="2014-09-11T06:07:51.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many such tools. Basically if you do a search with term &quot;test management tool&quot; you will find a lot of alternatives. There are also many sites listing the tools, but they seem to be biased towards some commercial alternatives. One site with a quite exhaustive listing for Test tools is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.testtoolreview.de/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.testtoolreview.de/en/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The company I'm working in ended up in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.melioratestlab.com/why-test-management/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Meliora Testlab&lt;/a&gt; as SaaS. I especially like the responsive interface that shows the right things and I don't need to do so much extra clicks like on some tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T06:59:10.737" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T06:59:10.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9608" CreationDate="2014-09-11T07:46:32.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Sikuli approach (image/pattern matching with customizable similarity) is the best solution when it comes to visual intensive content as in big data applications, I am currently working with it on both web and desktop application test automation and I find it a great tool, am importing it in my java classes and creating test cases and suites as I wish. They just need to finish handling OCR/text searching. Generating native mouse and keyboard events from java/Sikuli is very powerful and can handle both web and desktop applications seamlessly, that simply makes it a single tool that you can depend on for your test without complications of learning new technologies whenever a new development technology changes (and it will never stop changing), simply (what you see is what you test). Having multiple screen resolutions or even multiple states of the same element can be handled by asserting for a set of images instead of only one, simply you have the full power of java in your hand with the added power of image/pattern matching by Sikuli. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt; I successfully got sikuli running in headless mode (no physical monitor connected)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;configuration: windows 7, install display driver from virtualbox guest additions and use TightVNC to remotely set resolution from another machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dFnJK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;more detailed answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/26032780/1356559&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2014-09-27T12:04:23.897" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8882" CreationDate="2014-09-11T09:27:01.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to use component query.  From Webdriver you can execute arbitrary javascript - that means you can use ComponentQuery to get things from a high level and then drill down with (maybe) xpath to get more specific things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;http://developertips.blogspot.co.uk/2013/09/locate-extjs-component-selenium-web.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; helped me figure it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example you'd probably use component query to get hold of a control and a button in that control (using itemId which you can set and are probably already using)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ext.ComponentQuery.query('SomeNameSpace_MyControl_ItsName #saveButton');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from there you'd then use the click on the webelement retrieved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For things like text boxes you'd follow up with some xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ext.ComponentQuery.query('SomeNameSpace_MyControl_ItsName #saveNameField');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;saveNameElement.FindElement(By.Xpath(&quot;/input&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im sort of paraphrasing there.  Let me know if it doesn't make sense.&#xA;Its also worth noting that you shouldn't actually try and haul back the objects themselves from the javascript execution - it doesnt work as those calls are pretty limited.  You should just return the Id and then use a &lt;code&gt;Driver.FindElement(By.Id(id));&lt;/code&gt; call to get your hands on the actual WebElement it represents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ended up having to write quite a lot of code as a mini framework around selenium to get going with this but that should get you started. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think thats the nice thing about selenium though - it gives you the bare elements to work with and then lets you build your own stuff around that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll also want to architect things as that guy suggest by putting things into '&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pages&lt;/a&gt;'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8734" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T09:27:01.363" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9687" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-11T10:03:33.780" Score="7" ViewCount="7521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 4 years of experience in software development. But I did software manual testing more than software development. I am good in finding tough functionality related bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have passion for software testing rather than software development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me is it possible to switch in testing domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8735" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-09-11T12:16:01.560" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T06:20:13.380" Title="Want to switch from software development to testing domain" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9687" CreationDate="2014-09-11T10:09:00.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes Suchi you can switch to testing domain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;many companies prefer developers switched to testing as their testing professionals . You can start applying and you will get good response also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;try to mention in your profile that you worked on testing also so that it would be helpful for recruiters to line up their list&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T10:09:00.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9706" CreationDate="2014-09-11T10:17:12.327" Score="0" ViewCount="555" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester with knowledge in selenium webdriver but as I see that &lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;selendriod&lt;/a&gt; came in for mobile app testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;My question is&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best place from where anyone can learn selendroid from scratch ? I went to the official site but was not able to understand properly &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any book, link, website, blog would be very helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T10:25:34.957" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T10:49:45.953" Title="How do I setup and learn the use of Selendroid for Android testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;selendroid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9687" CreationDate="2014-09-11T11:34:23.073" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's certainly possible - that's the way I and many others here became testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Som Ghosh says, you will need to mention in your applications for test positions that you have worked in testing as well as development. I'd suggest you include details of the kind of testing you've done and the scale of the projects that you tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend that you consider these questions and answer them for yourself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do you prefer manual testing or automated testing?&lt;/strong&gt; With your development experience, you will be considered a good fit for automated testing positions and potentially software developer in test positions as well. Some places may not want someone with your development experience in a manual testing role (Note: I do &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; agree with this view, because in my experience and opinion the development experience helps to isolate problems that non-technical manual testers would have difficulty isolating).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are you willing to take a drop in pay and prestige?&lt;/strong&gt; This is an unfortunate fact: a lot of places do not treat testers as professionals on par with developers. Tester pay is usually a level or two below developer pay, sometimes more for purely manual testing, and testers are often far below developers in the internal hierarchy when it comes to the equipment they're required to work with (which is &quot;fun&quot; when you as the tester are trying to test software on a system that doesn't meet the minimum requirements for said software. It makes for a potent resource-bound test, but doesn't make the tester's life any easier).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can you advocate for issues you find?&lt;/strong&gt; This is an important skill that is often overlooked: a tester's role is much more than just finding bugs. A tester needs to give reasons why a bug should be fixed, and to provide managers and leads with enough information to make a good decision about whether software should be released or not. Which leads to:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can you advocate for a release to be delayed?&lt;/strong&gt; As a tester, you will not be the &quot;quality gate&quot;, but you will still have the responsibility to give compelling reasons to delay releases when software your are testing has serious issues. You won't win all these - but you need to have the strength of personality to discuss them with your manager and make sure that your manager knows the risks of releasing in that situation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can you communicate clearly without giving offense?&lt;/strong&gt; I've learned in my years testing that what is obvious to me is not necessarily obvious to someone else, and vice versa. If you can communicate with others and tell them their code has problems without offending them, you should be fine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T11:34:23.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9655" CreationDate="2014-09-11T12:11:06.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something like this might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static Object scrollElementIntoView(WebDriver driver, WebElement element) {&#xA;    return ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;code&gt;element&lt;/code&gt; is the object to which we want to scroll to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8736" LastActivityDate="2014-09-11T12:11:06.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9174" CreationDate="2014-09-11T12:18:52.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Performance+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins Performance Plugin&lt;/a&gt; can help with that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quote from plugin page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Report formats supported:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;JMeter XML format&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;li&gt;JUnit format (used by Soapui for example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't tell you more because I'm not using the plugin through SoapUI: I'm using this plugin for JMeter reporting in Jenkins, and it so happens that I've seen that it supports JUnuit format from SoapUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8736" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-09-15T10:39:46.047" LastActivityDate="2014-09-15T10:39:46.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9705" CreationDate="2014-09-11T14:25:36.570" Score="0" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to know if there is a good source for setting up Selenium in Eclipse on MacOS. I have MacOS 10.9.4. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8730" LastActivityDate="2014-09-13T15:23:48.990" Title="Selenium for MacOS Setup" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9687" CreationDate="2014-09-12T09:42:48.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try switching to testing department in your current organization only. It would be good that if you gain some more knowledge on software testing process and all that stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On paper it would also be good to have some testing experience before you hunt for a testing job outside with development background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get comfortable with the process of testing first, read some blogs, books etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it interests, you can go for automation testing, which requires coding expertise as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6159" LastActivityDate="2014-09-12T09:42:48.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9687" CreationDate="2014-09-12T12:22:40.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;While Kate's answer is extremely thorough, there is 1 thing I felt that was missing. How to actually land a job in SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing you will want to do is familiarize yourself with the tools and techniques that are commonplace in SQA. There is so many to list but if you read 85% of the questions here they are about a few different tools in general. Without the tools on your resume it will be harder to bypass the software filtering of your resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SDIT and Test Automation typically requires you to be skilled in multiple different languages and development styles. Generally speaking, this is pretty easy since principles is the harder part to learn. Get a comprehensive list of languages on your belt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA in general requires extremely detailed, thorough, borderline crazy people to be the best. If you have what it takes, you will do great. I hope you enjoy your time in QA as much as a lot of others have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-09-12T12:22:40.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8029" CreationDate="2014-09-12T21:40:51.203" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is giving you the web element just put .getText() whenever you see such code. Do-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; itr = allLinks.iterator();&#xA;while(itr.hasNext()) {&#xA;    System.out.println(itr.next().getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8749" LastEditorUserId="8749" LastEditDate="2014-11-14T21:09:19.057" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T21:09:19.057" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9652" CreationDate="2014-09-13T07:29:03.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the easiest way to do this would be to manipulate the javascript on the page to get the two strings you need. First go to that primary shopping page and have the browser click the quick view this will load and give you a way to select the text use document.querySelector('h1 &gt; a').textContent; and you should get something like &quot;Roadster Men White Printed T-shirt &quot; you may need to trim the trailing white space and store in a variable. then add it to your cart and on the next page use document.querySelector('div.prod-name &gt; a').textContent; then compare your two strings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8665" LastActivityDate="2014-09-13T07:29:03.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9707" CreationDate="2014-09-13T11:52:27.653" Score="4" ViewCount="15199" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know &quot;How and where to store dynamic (Search results) result/data&quot;, I am getting the results and not sure what to do next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, after saving these results I want to use this in another class (By index I want to compare with other values or .equals).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Application url is:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;http://www.jabong.com/shoes/Puma/?qc=puma%20shoes&amp;amp;r=2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below is the sample code, please let me know how to do it.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test1 {&#xA;public static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;static String[] imageLocation = null;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String []args) throws Exception {&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.jabong.com/shoes/Puma/?qc=puma%20shoes&amp;amp;r=2&quot;);&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; listOfOptions = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='content']/section/section/div[5]/div[2]&quot;));&#xA;for(WebElement listOfOption :listOfOptions ){&#xA;System.out.println(listOfOption.getText());&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastActivityDate="2019-06-05T11:24:43.083" Title="How and where to store dynamic result/data using webdriver java" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9694" CreationDate="2014-09-13T15:23:48.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can download the Java jar from &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;. Unzip the file and move the (non-source) jar to where you keep your libraries for your Eclipse project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Eclipse, you will need to add the jar to the list of libraries for your project build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should now be able to create a test class and run some Selenium tests. There is a good starter test class in the Selenium documentation at http:seleniumhq.org.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assumptions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the above assumes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are using Java in Eclipse and you know how to set up Eclipse projects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can unzip and move files to where you need them and know how to a jar to your list of libraries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have a unit/function testing framework such as JUnit or TestNG.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You know how to write Java programs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8068" LastActivityDate="2014-09-13T15:23:48.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9690" CreationDate="2014-09-13T15:49:57.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just set the Selendriod up last week with this guide on the official site &lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/setup.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;selendroid.io/setup.html&lt;/a&gt;. It's a step by step since System Requirements to the first test case. I think it's a good kickstart, pretty straight forward. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could post for a specific question, if you are struggling in any step. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2014-09-13T15:49:57.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9704" CreationDate="2014-09-14T04:34:50.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hello since you are getting the results in the List, you can export them to a file for use in future, or can use them further for comparison or whatever you need since the data is already stored in the List variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see in this sample code here - &lt;a href=&quot;http://milinpatel17.wordpress.com/2014/07/02/web-page-link-test-using-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://milinpatel17.wordpress.com/2014/07/02/web-page-link-test-using-selenium-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt; that I have stored all the links in a webpage in a List variable and then run the list in a loop to check the http status of each link from the List.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly I'll will look for an example of writing the list to a file and update it here! :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2014-09-14T05:30:57.177" LastActivityDate="2014-09-14T05:30:57.177" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9687" CreationDate="2014-09-14T05:21:43.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its good that you find interest in software testing and want to switch from programming to testing.&#xA;Since you have 4 years of experience in programming you can use it as your strength to be a test developer. A test developer writes test scripts for automating tests (mostly unit level but not necessarily limited to it).&#xA;Plus you fund it interesting to do manual testing so you can explore your investigating talent in that area. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get in touch with people like James Back, Jerry Weinberg, Michael Bolton, Pradeep Soundarajan, Kate Paulk (and many others) and read their blogs and articles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And while looking for the job like the others have mentioned here you can write your experience of testing work that you have done in your resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-14T05:21:43.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9508" CreationDate="2014-09-14T08:28:44.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to me terminologies in testing do not matter much provided the communication between the testers and other stakeholders goes successful. That is, the other stakeholders understand the reports delivered by tester and the tester understands their needs and that of the software correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example build verification testing could also mean to verify that the correct build/version of the software has been handed over to test team for testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you feel that build verification testing should be called system verification testing then sure you can do that, provided the receivers of the message receive it correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-14T08:28:44.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9675" CreationDate="2014-09-15T06:39:14.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;use &lt;code&gt;driver.switchto().activeelement()&lt;/code&gt; before sending the arrow keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6159" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-09-15T10:49:37.443" LastActivityDate="2014-09-15T10:49:37.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9675" CreationDate="2014-09-15T15:59:07.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ctl04_Pane2_AttributeDefinitionCategoryTest']/td[2]/div/select&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.RETURN);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for an easy fix. However there are other ways to select by the value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ctl04_Pane2_AttributeDefinitionCategoryTest']/td[2]/div/select&quot;)));&#xA;    select.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Insert Text Here&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8762" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T13:36:13.240" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T13:36:13.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-15T19:25:59.717" Score="1" ViewCount="615" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll preface this by saying I have never used Soap UI seriously until the past month, in the past I have done one off tests for a new web service app but never spent a lot of time with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I'm using the open source version of Soap UI to test web service calls in our environment, functionally the tests work well and we get a very quick result as to whether the service calls work by using assertions to validate the responses.  That part works fine and I believe I have a handle on that.  We're still learning how to get the most out of Soap UI and have generated some Load Tests that we run from time to time.  What I notice most is that often the number of requests and the average time for responses varies from run to run, this can happen even if the runs are done one after another.  Reading through most of the Soap UI documents on Load Testing on their site, they go over how to set up and run tests, but little on comparing results or getting a long term view of performance using the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have a results export, is there an optimal way I can use this data to get an overview of how well we are doing or is the best method to do the graph while the test runs?  Not comparing test runs seems contrary to the whole use of reporting to me.  Or is there another method that will give me a better overview of performance and give me an idea as to how good, or bad, we are doing over time?  If the answer is Load UI will do this that is fine if someone has some corroborating evidence, I just haven't found that as a solution yet, although I doubt we'd buy the tool just for Load UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T08:36:16.780" Title="What is an optimal method to use Soap UI results to determine performance?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9704" CreationDate="2014-09-16T04:13:01.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this really simple code to write output to file. You can find it here - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/java/how-to-write-to-file-in-java-bufferedwriter-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mkyong.com/java/how-to-write-to-file-in-java-bufferedwriter-example/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can customize the code to fit your need and write the list values to file by placing the bw.write() part withing a loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T04:13:01.117" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9716" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-16T07:52:52.920" Score="0" ViewCount="1762" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;code&gt;clickAndWait&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;xpath=//button[contains(.,'Next')]&lt;/code&gt; When I click Find on Selenium IDE the button is found, but the script doesn't click on the button. The button has &lt;code&gt;id = pmc_wizard_next&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;class = btn btn-next&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The html for the button is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;pmc_wizard&quot; class=&quot;wizard pmc-wizard&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;ul class=&quot;steps pmc-wizard-steps&quot;&amp;gt; … &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;actions pmc-wizard-actions&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;button id=&quot;pmc_wizard_prev&quot; class=&quot;btn btn-prev&quot;&amp;gt; … &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;button id=&quot;pmc_wizard_next&quot; class=&quot;btn btn-next&quot; data-last=&quot;Submit&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            Next&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;i class=&quot;icon-arrow-right&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the button is clicked, it doesn't navigate to the next page, however it does perform all the actions on the next page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I be doing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-09-16T11:03:47.147" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T17:58:23.667" Title="Button click not redirecting to next page in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8780" CreationDate="2014-09-16T08:18:19.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on your project. I'll try to give you some hints, but it can't be comprehensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Localization&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First thing to take into account is the localization. If your fields can be used by a customer from any country, you must consider allowing non alphanumeric characters, and therefore test it. This can lead to some issues, depending on the type of your application (e.g. breaking HMI). If it should not allow non-ASCII characters, you should start with that. Try Japanese or Arabic and see what happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Application type&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The type of your application is the second thing i would take into account. &#xA;If you are on a web application, you'll probably care about special characters, as they can be used in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Regular_expression&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expressions&lt;/a&gt;. It can be the source of many issues if it is not correctly handled by the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application implies some memory management (e.g. embedded development), the size of the fields will probably be important to test. This can overlap with localization tests, as non ASCII characters can take more space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional constraints&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The constraints of your application should naturally imply all limitations for your fields. Does the company only send products to the US? Are some fields created with values from a database (e.g. Country)? Is there a norm for your field (e.g. IP address)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monkey Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tests should be done on any fields, as they don't require much time or functional comprehension. Just try typing as many characters as you can and see what happens. I have already seen HMI broken because of no character limit on a textfield. Copying and pasting a very long Lorem Ipsum can lead to interesting things too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As i said in the introduction, this is in &lt;strong&gt;no way comprehensive&lt;/strong&gt;. Your question, as i understand it, is about the complete work of testing and can't be answered in a few lines. You should find many questions and answers for your problem with Google. I can only invite you to read these as much as you can and &lt;strong&gt;create your own testing process for your specific application&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8767" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T08:18:19.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9714" CreationDate="2014-09-16T08:36:16.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I'm aware data export and reporting you're looking for is available in Pro version of SoapUI. I would recommend developing your tests using SoapUI and using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for load testing as it's capable of sending SOAP requests, performing assertions and correlation and has powerful and flexibly configurable reporting system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-ws-test-plan.html#building&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Building a WebService Test Plan&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing SOAP/REST Web Services Using JMeter&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developer.com/net/article.php/3839476/Tuning-and-Testing-Enterprise-Web-Services-with-SoapUI-and-JMeter.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tuning and Testing Enterprise Web Services with SoapUI and JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-09-16T08:36:16.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6247" CreationDate="2014-09-16T12:04:12.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is the slowness on the app a result of the sum of these 3 requests: around 7000ms ~ equal 7s? (It is still way much lower than 17s on real device)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is most likely the cause of your issue. The application likely catches and retries when it times out which will give you these very long times. It sounds like there is some severe issues, most likely in the database level that is causing this. I would suggest attempting to run the same query(ies) or stored proc(s) that the AUT is running and see how it handles it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 17s vs 7s can be caused by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network Latency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application formatting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application Lag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time Outs and Retries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that all of the above, to some degree, plays a part in your issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, does this appear that the web service can not afford a high number (400) of concurrent users in real working environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Absolutely&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your AUT has some major issues.It needs severe performance tweaks and desperately needs a DBA to review what is happening. Unless your test server is just horrible compared to your production server, it will be massive issues. And even if it is, the amount of a peak for that single screen demonstrates the best area for system enhancements in order to improve customer satisfaction and reduce company expenses. It's a win win for the fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Could it be that or am i doing something wrong here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, your Soap requests might be crazy and cause 1000x more processing that the average request but as long as it is similar to what an actual user would possibly be doing than you are probably doing everything right. It sounds like a pretty bad issue that while it may not take the highest possibly priority should at the least be an area of concern for the long term and I would DEFINITELY ensure that you practice CYA and notify your management and team of this potentially fatal risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:53:19.470" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:53:19.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9604" CreationDate="2014-09-17T06:55:58.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to me test automation is in itself a project - test automation as far as I believe is writing a program that will be used to test another program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how about you consult the other stakeholders or say the developers in your company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a project where developers have changed over time, discuss it with them about their experience of the ease of understanding the code with or without documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talk to the leads and management about how they do documentation for their code and how do they help the new programmers understand the code of existing projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn their methods and see if it suit you and also see if those documentation practices can be improved to make life easy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-17T06:55:58.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2014-09-17T06:58:41.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer to this depends on what level of coding do you wish to do? How complex will your test script be? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To begin with you might want to learn basic/core java and then keep on improving with practice and seeking help from others to put together complex scripts to test complex software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-17T06:58:41.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9577" CreationDate="2014-09-17T07:10:04.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test at least one object everyday(maybe a spoon/pen/table or anything for that matter). Generate teat ideas for it and get it reviewed from others.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Read about testing - blogs, articles and books.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Participate in online discussions, forums and communities about testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write about what you learn. Share it with the world.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask as many questions as you can think of and then ask yourself if it is sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't let failure or embarrassment stop you. Learn from it and move ahead.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get as much domain knowledge as you can.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Read what expert testers write and challenge/question it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-17T07:10:04.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9729" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-17T12:27:20.263" Score="0" ViewCount="1672" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium IDE to make a automation scripts. In my code there is a page where when i select some options the 'Next' button gets disabled for a while. I have used a 'pause' statement for the time when the button is disabled but when i re-run my scripts in Selenium IDE, the 'Next' button does not get clicked most of the time. Does anyone have any solution for this sort of a problem? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T16:57:06.387" Title="Button gets disabled and doesnot get clicked" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6583" CreationDate="2014-09-17T13:16:49.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that answers to your questions and more are in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt; guide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get data from WebDriver Sampler into JMeter variable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can pass data to JMeter via &lt;code&gt;WDS.sampleResult.setResponseHeaders()&lt;/code&gt; method (body and message are being overwritten by the WebDriver Sampler). Once you set the headers you can fetch the data via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;. If you need to pass multiple variables headers can be split via &lt;code&gt;\n&lt;/code&gt; delimiter like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to extract multiple values and more headers, you can use the “\n” delimiter. Here’s an example of how this is used correctly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WDS.sampleResult.setResponseHeaders('Header_1_Name: Header_1_Value' + '\n' + 'Header_2_Name: Header_2_Value')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In order to wait for some element to appear in DOM use the following approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var pkg = JavaImporter(org.openqa.selenium)&#xA;var support_ui = JavaImporter(org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait)&#xA;var conditions = org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions&#xA;var wait=new support_ui.WebDriverWait(WDS.browser, 10)&#xA;&#xA;WDS.sampleResult.sampleStart()&#xA;WDS.browser.get('http://example.com')&#xA;wait.until(conditions.presenceOfElementLocated(pkg.By.linkText('More information...')))&#xA;var element=WDS.browser.findElement(pkg.By.linkText(&quot;More information...&quot;))&#xA;element.click()&#xA;WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To switch between windows refer to the following code snippet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WDS.sampleResult.sampleStart()&#xA;WDS.browser.get('http://example.com')&#xA;WDS.browser.executeScript('window.open(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);')&#xA;var handles = WDS.browser.getWindowHandles()&#xA;var iterator = handles.iterator()&#xA;var counter = 1;&#xA;while (iterator.hasNext())&#xA;{&#xA;   var handle = iterator.next()&#xA;   WDS.browser.switchTo().window(handle)&#xA;   WDS.log.info('Window ' + counter + ' title = ' + WDS.browser.getTitle())&#xA;   counter++;&#xA;}&#xA;WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="6225" LastEditDate="2014-09-23T07:20:07.593" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T07:20:07.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9729" CreationDate="2014-09-17T17:50:28.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use webdriverWait and ExpectedConditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from selenium2.webdriver.common.by import By&lt;br&gt;&#xA;from selenium2.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait&lt;br&gt;&#xA;from selenium2.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriverWait(driver, WAIT).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, id)))  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-09-17T17:50:28.700" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9732" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-17T10:56:09.387" Score="1" ViewCount="582" Body="&lt;p&gt;For quality assurance engineeres supporting the UAT phase of the customer, is there any defined methodology to track support issues, communicate, define roles and responsibilities while communicating?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" OwnerDisplayName="user5529" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T08:33:44.610" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T10:02:13.237" Title="Is there a support methodology for UAT?" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9733" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-17T21:19:59.430" Score="1" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;we have different products which are integrated with mobile carrier billing system. How can we test this remotely using any cloud services. &#xA;I have gone through Keynote and deviceanywhere, but they have limited set of carriers. I am looking for carrier networks in Asia region which can be accessed over the cloud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks in advance ! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1311" LastEditorUserId="1311" LastEditDate="2014-09-19T13:41:00.367" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T08:50:31.500" Title="Testing mobile web in real carrier network" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-15T04:47:54.903" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9734" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-17T22:23:15.360" Score="-2" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;a) Go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://money.rediff.com/gainers/bse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://money.rediff.com/gainers/bse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) There will be a list of company names and their current prices listed in the grid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Find any company say 'SPIC.' and then read the current share value from 'Current Price (Rs)' column&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Look at the top of the page, you will see a search field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Enter the same company name and search for the same company-'SPIC'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Verify page with 'SPIC' details is loaded&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e) In that page verify the price is same as the once which you had read earlier from the grid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8787" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-09-18T08:00:10.003" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T14:09:38.760" Title="this is scenario to automate" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2014-09-20T15:25:51.973" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9736" CreationDate="2014-09-18T02:43:06.003" Score="33" ViewCount="31262" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to &quot;&lt;em&gt;Test Plan Writing&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and I want to learn how to write test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a beginner, what do I need to understand and learn first to write quality/effective test plan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you suggest?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="9118" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T12:17:34.207" LastActivityDate="2019-08-06T09:06:54.880" Title="How to write a test plan" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="20" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9735" CreationDate="2014-09-18T04:17:43.287" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;To know how to write a test plan one must first learn to plan a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Planning test is a real thinker task. You should be asking a hell lot of question to learn about the domain of the project.&#xA;You should learn about the stakeholders of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One part of planning consists of test estimation. Here is something that might get you started with it - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.patelmilin.com/blog/testing/points-consider-test-estimation.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.patelmilin.com/blog/testing/points-consider-test-estimation.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is a small list of questions you should be asking before starting the task - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.patelmilin.com/blog/testing/questions-before-testing-software.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.patelmilin.com/blog/testing/questions-before-testing-software.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now don't consider these 2 lists a Bible. They can be right or wrong or insufficient for your context. Go through them and improvise. Add your thoughts and try to find out as much information as you can about the project. Then list out your findings and do a cost vs value analysis. This will start generating test ideas withing you. Then see how you would like to go about it. Make a mindmap for it and viola your test plan is ready!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh I almost forgot, go check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://apps.testinsane.com/mindmaps/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://apps.testinsane.com/mindmaps/&lt;/a&gt; its like candy land!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2019-08-06T09:06:54.880" LastActivityDate="2019-08-06T09:06:54.880" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10017" CreationDate="2014-09-18T09:41:21.393" Score="2" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any tool that reports on the testability of a PHP codebase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm familiarised with what makes the code unit-testable, but I need a way to visualize it so I can easily find which classes can already be tested, and which ones will need some refactoring (and how much of it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure there are several tools for the job for other languages, but I can't find anything for PHP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5926" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T17:35:13.980" Title="Testability analysis for PHP" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;testability&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9734" CreationDate="2014-09-18T14:09:38.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@anshu  Use &lt;code&gt;.getText&lt;/code&gt; method and store the value in a string (Both step C and E) and compare the both the Strings, Ex: &lt;code&gt;.equals&lt;/code&gt;. (Also you can use if-else condition).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastActivityDate="2014-09-18T14:09:38.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9735" CreationDate="2014-09-19T09:22:12.207" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with milinpatel17' above answer about Test Plan.&#xA;Test Plan is a detailed layout and strategy to test a product or application. Before you start writing a test plan, consider these points first:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why to test -- objective&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What to test -- scope&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to achieve objective -- required time and money (with number of resources)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What approach -- Automation, Manual, Functional or Non Functional etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which Methodology -- Agile, waterfall etc... if required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What Condition -- May be test condition..&#xA;etc.. etc.. etc ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will be really helpful to achieve a perfect test plan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-09-19T09:23:45.737" LastActivityDate="2014-09-19T09:23:45.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9732" CreationDate="2014-09-19T15:44:56.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no defined methodology for UAT support as such. However you can follow what we do. We are an Agile Team following Scrum. One iteration is dedicated to UAT support and we have a different test strategy for UAT support defining the roles, responsibilities, risk mitigation and escalation path. We do have QA on call support for 24*7 for these two weeks and the client is billed accordingly. &#xA;In UAT support we support them with configurations, data setup and other issues. Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8802" LastActivityDate="2014-09-19T15:44:56.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9742" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-19T23:02:43.087" Score="1" ViewCount="4897" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it works and sometimes it doesn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried implicit wait:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried explicit wait:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(ElementNames.CITYSEARCH_FIELD))).sendKeys(city);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both don't seem to guarantee that my tests work 10/10 times. Is there a way to actually deal with something like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also tried something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ...&#xA;    while(attempts &amp;lt; 2) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            selector.selectByVisibleText(choice);&#xA;            result = true;&#xA;            break;&#xA;        } catch(StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;            &#xA;        }&#xA;        attempts++;&#xA;    }&#xA;    return result;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This method works on a more consistent basis compared to implicit/explicit wait. But still fails maybe once or twice depending on how long the tests are (e.g going through files with 200,000 lines and performing actions for each line)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any possible suggestion/solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8804" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T14:48:25.397" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T14:48:25.397" Title="Selenium: dealing with intermittent cases of element not found" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5977" CreationDate="2014-09-20T01:14:54.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is not an individual function on a scrum team.  The concept that developers develop and testers test (I coded it I am done, you test it) is a waterfall practice.  The team is responsible for a feature getting into a &quot;done&quot; state.  Testers with SQA experience or as their professional discipline bring value in their understanding of how to test and how to produce quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing late in the sprint is a recipe for disaster and set's up the old waterfall &quot;testing crunch&quot;, not enough time to test because everything upstream ran late.  The features must be coded, tested and approved even if the feature includes a vertical slice through many apps, the integration testing must be performed by the team in near real time along with bug fixes.  Don't move forward until it's &quot;done&quot;.  Build often, merge often, release to user testing/review often!  Avoid the Scrumfall!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8806" LastActivityDate="2014-09-20T01:14:54.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9742" CreationDate="2014-09-20T02:40:28.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your solution where you retry the &lt;code&gt;sendKeys&lt;/code&gt; operation is the right idea. I do the same thing. You should have a sort of &quot;retry&quot; fallback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also suggest running all failed tests twice after they fail and if they succeed at any point, they should pass. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also try different Expected Conditions. I prefer to use &quot;displayed and clickable&quot; for most of my GUI automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8116" LastActivityDate="2014-09-20T02:40:28.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9345" CreationDate="2014-09-20T02:57:10.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ended up writing my own Page Object framework which had some mobile-specific GUI automation features like locators by platform and other nice things so that my tests are platform agnostic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm considering open-sourcing it. Will post here with any updates on that, or if I find another Page Object framework in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8116" LastActivityDate="2014-09-20T02:57:10.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9746" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9758" CreationDate="2014-09-20T09:04:12.413" Score="-2" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wants to need the procedure about how to calculate branch testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If i wants to make test case for it, how to create for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7973" LastEditorUserId="7973" LastEditDate="2014-09-22T06:15:55.250" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T06:15:55.250" Title="How to calculate in Branch Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-09-25T03:29:01.853" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9747" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-20T23:34:12.737" Score="2" ViewCount="723" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a college software project. The whole purpose of the software is to test the application. The teacher is focusing on non-functional requirements, so we have to present metrics, indicators for reliability, usability, performance and maintainability. The thing is, this application will only run in locally and is designed only for one user. &#xA;I'm having problems coming up with metrics and indicators, considering I don't have a point of reference. I see many examples but I'm sure the teacher will ask why I picked the numbers I did. I asked him, but he told me I'll just have to do some research, which I did, but couldn't manage to apply them to this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any links that provide this kind of information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8809" LastActivityDate="2021-03-16T12:35:32.540" Title="Non-Functional requirements specification" Tags="&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-21T00:52:16.210" Score="2" ViewCount="532" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope I am asking this question in the right spot; I'm new here. I didn't know whether to put this on here or the Workplace as it does concern testing so I deleted my previous question and re-asked it here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been through several in person and phone interviews and I have a final one in the coming week. I have a few questions as this is potentially my first real career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The job is for an electronics company as a Software QA Test Engineer. They know it will be my first job and I will be grateful to have just a job I can sustain myself on especially in this economy. However, I am finding it difficult that, should they extend me an offer, what I can expect in terms of pay. I have not asked about it because that is generally considered bad manners. I have researched the company and the position extensively however and my interviewer liked that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have of course, Googled and found various salary websites but they vary to a very large extent! I'm assuming the high end of the pay scale to be experienced workers , however the low end of the scale is very variable it seems as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is as an entry level Software QA what can I expect to make? Additional information is I live in PA and it is a contract to long term job. The people from the company I spoke to said most people have been there for years unless they performed poorly. I'm given to understand many IT jobs are contract to hire jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My educational background is in C++ programming and UNIX ( big Linux enthusiast ) and I am finishing my Associates degree. I was originally in school for software development in a BS program but I didn't find it to my liking. I decided to focus on the hardware end of the industry which is why I switched programs. However when I received a call from a recruiter it sounded like a great position for me because I like to problem solve I just was not as interested in development as my friends are. I read that UNIX skills could really help me out; I'm just not sure what a day in the life is like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand many negative people view Testing as a place for mediocre programmers or a stepping stone position. I think that is narrow-minded and untrue more than likely and obviously testing is very important. As a puzzle/chess enthusiast ( that type of mind ) it sounds like a great job for me that I could thrive in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never specifically done anything with Testing ( I have used emacs and GDB etc. ) however I am very motivated and can learn and become certified if it will help my career. I have an A+ cert and am working on Net+ and Linux+. If you are a Tester and could provide me any info I would appreciate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8810" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2014-09-22T05:22:27.947" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T00:25:23.353" Title="Regarding pay for entry level" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9345" CreationDate="2014-09-21T02:20:55.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might try &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/wiredrive/wtframework&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WTFramework&lt;/a&gt; It seems like a decent starting place for python test infrastructure. I didn't end up using it because my tests ended up using more php and javascript. There are examples of using the page object design pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8665" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T02:20:55.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9748" CreationDate="2014-09-21T06:59:20.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to ask about payment and career opportunities on job interview. It's actually depens from place where you gonna work and your responsibilities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1799" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T06:59:20.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9748" CreationDate="2014-09-21T10:29:51.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, the answer will be specific to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the position and company you apply for, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;match between your experience and position requirements, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and how well you can sell your experience during the interview.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I didn't know what money should I expect from my first job in a new domain, I participated in multiple interviews in a row. This way I was able to compare what money and benefits different companies can offer to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T10:29:51.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9746" CreationDate="2014-09-21T16:18:58.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For practical purposes, I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclomatic_complexity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;McCabe Cyclomatic complexity&lt;/a&gt; to estimate the number of tests required for thorough branch testing. This this actually gives a good number for &quot;basis path testing&quot;. The linked article gives a good explaination about the differences.&#xA;   McCabe Cyclomatic complexity is a practical measure because there are many tools that will automatically calculate this for you.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are researching for an exam and need the precise calculation for branch coverage, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/branch_testing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here is a good resource&lt;/a&gt; that shows the procedure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T16:18:58.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9729" CreationDate="2014-09-21T16:57:06.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried adding the Selenium IDE: Implicit Wait add-on?  It might give you what you are looking for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;This plugin allows Selenium IDE to automatically wait until the element is found before executing each command using a locator. It is equivalent to the implicit wait function available with Selenium 2 WebDrivers.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide-implicit-wait/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide-implicit-wait/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8803" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T16:57:06.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9485" CreationDate="2014-09-21T20:17:41.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try following code to start server:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;APILauncher launcher = new APILauncher(true);&#xA;launcher.Start();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8816" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2014-09-21T22:35:42.877" LastActivityDate="2014-09-21T22:35:42.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2014-09-22T03:19:31.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using SchemaCrawler. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.SchemaCrawler.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SchemaCrawler&lt;/a&gt; is a free and open-source command-line tool that produces text (text, JSON, CSV, HTML) output that is designed to be diff-ed, using standard diff tools. It can compare both structure and data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sualeh Fatehi, SchemaCrawler&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8818" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T03:19:31.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7825" CreationDate="2014-09-22T03:22:07.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using SchemaCrawler. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.SchemaCrawler.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SchemaCrawler&lt;/a&gt; is a free and open-source command-line tool that produces text (text, JSON, CSV, HTML) output that is designed to be diff-ed, using standard diff tools. It can compare both structure and data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sualeh Fatehi, SchemaCrawler&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8818" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T03:22:07.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9746" CreationDate="2014-09-22T03:52:48.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What exactly do you mean by calculate branch testing? &#xA;Are you looking for an answer to how to find out the number of branches in the software? Or is it about the test coverage?&#xA;If it is about the latter you must first find out the number of decisions in the module's code. Then prepare a checklist of it for testing. Once you are done with testing look into the code once again to check if you have missed anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T03:52:48.490" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9748" CreationDate="2014-09-22T04:05:01.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose first of all you should analyze a few things,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will the company benefit from you? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have the knowledge and will(since it's your first job and I assumed you haven't done any real testing yet) to meet the requirements?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of career opportunity does the job provide?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think of where you would like to be 5 years from now?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then decide on the pay scale, which by the way is always negotiable! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-27T10:42:17.363" LastActivityDate="2020-02-27T10:42:17.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9748" CreationDate="2014-09-22T07:11:13.710" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take yourself seriously from the start, getting a pay upgrade in a later stadium is always harder than at the start. Discussing a better salary also shows some of your non-technical skills which might impress them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, you should think about how much money you actually need on a monthly basis. You could then wait for their offer and see if meets your needs. They will never offer their maximum at the start, so I would always ask for a bit more. If it does not fit your needs, put it on the table and see if you can work out a good fitting salary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they are waiting for you to give an indication, make sure it's high enough, but tell them its open for discussion and salary will not be a breaking point. They will give you a return offer and now you can decide to again do an offer or accept it as it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For salary ranges, this will differ so much from company, country and market needs that I do not think we can give you a number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-27T10:50:06.847" LastActivityDate="2020-02-27T10:50:06.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9001" CreationDate="2014-09-22T17:00:32.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I implemented a quick utility function to switch to a window based on the title:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void switchToWindowWithTitle(String title, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; windowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    for(String handle : windowHandles){  &#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(handle);  &#xA;        if (driver.getTitle().contains(title)) {&#xA;          break;  &#xA;        }  &#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This iterates over the window handles looking for the right one, and switches to it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T17:00:32.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9230" CreationDate="2014-09-22T17:29:04.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Dmitri T hit the nail on the head, but I wanted to walk you through a little about how you could deduce the origin of the request. Looking at the headers you posted, you can clearly see more differences than just the content-encoding. The following lines also differ in important ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,&lt;em&gt;/&lt;/em&gt;;q=0.8&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Accept: image/png,image/&lt;em&gt;;q=0.8,&lt;/em&gt;/*;q=0.5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Referer: &lt;a href=&quot;http://Applicationname.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://Applicationname.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Referer: &lt;a href=&quot;http://applicationname.com/tof.AN.UI/Product/IdeaImageGallery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://applicationname.com/tof.AN.UI/Product/IdeaImageGallery&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To debug this, you'll want to look at the page being hit. Where is something referring to IdealImageGallery? By the accept header, it's looking for a .png file at that location. By your description of the page as an image gallery, you can tell that it is probably looking for an image in the gallery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-09-22T17:29:04.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3550" CreationDate="2014-09-23T08:56:03.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understood it correctly from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb513665%28v=vs.85%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN page&lt;/a&gt;, you only need to check that the &lt;code&gt;IPV6_V6ONLY&lt;/code&gt; option is set to 0 for the socket in question. You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/windows/desktop/ms738544%28v=vs.85%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;getsockopt&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for that task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8189" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T08:56:03.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6599" CreationDate="2014-09-23T15:23:43.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Subbarao: These links may help for you,  &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.saucelabs.com/ci-integrations/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6524159/automate-selenium-tests-on-teamcity-continuous-integration-server&quot;&gt;Link2&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://joellubrano.wordpress.com/2013/08/03/integrating-sauce-labs-selenium-tests-with-a-teamcity-integrated-server/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2014-09-23T15:23:43.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9737" CreationDate="2014-09-24T07:20:32.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://phpmd.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PHP Mess Detector&lt;/a&gt;, it generates all kinds of metrics about the code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although its focus is not test-ability I think cleaning up the &quot;mess&quot; will lead to much better testable code. Since its a &lt;a href=&quot;http://phpmd.org/rules/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rules&lt;/a&gt; based system and open-source you could add more rules that are test-ability specific, maybe its possible to borrow rules from other products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T07:20:32.880" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5169" CreationDate="2014-09-24T10:50:46.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a tester part of your job is to provide information and to advise others (BAs, Developers, Managers etc.) about the state of the system and any potential risks. With this in mind, what I'd do in your situation is to research examples of this problem and the potential effects. To appear more credible you could outline best case scenarios (e.g. distribution of viruses to other website users and/or the company IT system, but no actual damage to the website or the server it runs on) and worst case scenarios (e.g. data loss, leaking of private information and credentials), then give your professional opinion on which of these scenarios is the most likely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may also be beneficial to find colleagues who agree with your point of view and ask them to give their opinion on the potential risks. In comment to someone else's answer you mentioned that your Technical Manager was confident that there are measures in place to mitigate this risk. It may be beneficial to find out what these measures are and if there are any known weaknesses/attack vectors to counteract them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day though it's not your decision if this 'feature' is left in place. As long as you've raised your concerns to the best of the ability it's not your responsibility if bad things happen down the road. But to cover your back I would get confirmation in writing from the BA that your concerns have been noted and understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8724" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T10:50:46.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9737" CreationDate="2014-09-24T15:08:07.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SonarQube&lt;/a&gt;.  It has some good code complexity metrics.  Since code complexity generally translates to test-ability, it will give you a good idea which areas of the code need refactoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also gives you some metrics on unit-test coverage.  I find the historical aspect of this metric to be helpful.  As code is added and/or refactored, I like to see the overall percentage of unit test coverage to increase or at least stay the same.  If the overall test coverage is decreasing, I know there is too much coding going on without unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T15:08:07.637" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9770" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9773" CreationDate="2014-09-24T15:17:08.187" Score="2" ViewCount="6227" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to verify if a link is throwing response code other than 200. Link that I'm trying to verify is https:// and after process has run, it throws this error --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: &#xA;PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException:&#xA;unable to find valid certification path to requested target&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code that I'm using --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;URL h1 = new URL(crazyLink)&#xA;HttpURLConnection huc1 = (HttpURLConnection) h1.openConnection();&#xA;huc1.setRequestMethod(&quot;GET&quot;);&#xA;huc1.connect();&#xA;if(huc1.getResponseCode() == 200){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Passed&quot;);&#xA;}else{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Failed&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried changing FirefoxProfile to ignore ssl but it didn't work --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;firefoxProfile profile=new firefoxProfile();&#xA;Profile.setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer(false);&#xA;driver=new firefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help will be highly appreciate. Thank you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7962" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T04:53:45.500" Title="How to ignore/accept/avoid SSLHandshakeException while trying to check for broken links?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9747" CreationDate="2014-09-24T18:51:32.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like your professor wants code coverage metrics. Your question doesn't include what language you're working with, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeclimate.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Code Climate&lt;/a&gt; works with Ruby, JS, or PHP (and it's free for open source projects). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These code coverage tools usually measure complexity, smells, regressions, and overall test coverage. They seem like good metrics for your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever language you're using, I'm sure you could find a solid, open source code coverage tool for it. Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5657" LastActivityDate="2014-09-24T18:51:32.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9770" CreationDate="2014-09-25T05:13:31.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exception is not related to HTTP Basic Authentication, i.e., is not about missing authentication credentials. This also has nothing to do with broken links. This bizzarre exception message is saying that in your truststore you do not have certificate of the Web site you want to connect to, so simply that you do not trust this site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the solution depends on which of your code excerpts we're talking about. For the first you should use &lt;code&gt;HttpsURLConnection&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;HttpURLConnection&lt;/code&gt;, because you're trying to connect to SSL-protected URL. Then you should: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;download site's certificate and add it to your local trusstore, or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1201048/allowing-java-to-use-an-untrusted-certificate-for-ssl-https-connection&quot;&gt;use trust manager that does not validate certificate chains for SSL sockets&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second code which uses WebDriver it may depend on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19975927/webdriver-ssl-certificate-accepting-not-working-on-sub-domain&quot;&gt;which library version are using&lt;/a&gt;. So which one are you using?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T06:55:53.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7028" CreationDate="2014-09-25T14:53:04.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alternative way to run in parallel is creating separate processes for each run instead of threads. It can be helpful when you are experiencing some synchronization issues or crashes.&#xA;In this case create batch file and run all suites like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;start mvn integration-test -Dsuite=&quot;SomeSuite1&quot;&#xA;start mvn integration-test -Dsuite=&quot;SomeSuite2&quot;&#xA;start mvn integration-test -Dsuite=&quot;SomeSuite3&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you may need to have results stored in separate folders, edit pom.xml file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;reportsDirectory&amp;gt;${project.build.directory}/report/${suite}&amp;lt;/reportsDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wish to run the tests on CI and wait for all suites to finish, see solution here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18758502/wait-for-multiple-applications-run-asynchronously-from-batch-file-to-finish&quot;&gt;Wait for multiple applications run asynchronously from batch file to finish&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approaches is not very &quot;clear&quot; and &quot;from the box&quot; but it saved me 40-50% of regression execution time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T14:53:04.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3513" CreationDate="2014-09-25T15:25:08.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The same issue occurs when you didn't configure IE properly according to manual:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/InternetExplorerDriver#Required_Configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;InternetExplorer configuration&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Make sure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Zoom is set to 100%&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Protected Mode settings for each zone have the same value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T15:25:08.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6035" CreationDate="2014-09-25T15:36:06.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Silkmobile&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;SeeTest&lt;/strong&gt; are actually the same tools but from different vendors.&#xA;Silkmobile currently is good tool (a lot of bugs was fixed), it supports popular languages like java, python, etc. Also it supports specific actions like swipes, drags, hide keyboard, install/uninstall of app. It works on different platforms: IOS, Android, Windows phone, others. Price is high but functionality is good. For Android I can recommend Robotium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T15:36:06.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9800" CreationDate="2014-09-25T15:40:14.257" Score="8" ViewCount="1114" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have our tests implemented in RestAssured, using nice and readable convention of indentation for given/when/then parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;given().&#xA;  param(&quot;key1&quot;, &quot;value1&quot;).&#xA;  param(&quot;key2&quot;, &quot;value2&quot;).&#xA;when().&#xA;  post(&quot;/somewhere&quot;).&#xA;then().&#xA;  body(containsString(&quot;OK&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I apply automatic formatting with template (Google code style for Java) in Intellij IDEA, the formatting I had gets destroyed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;given().&#xA;        param(&quot;key1&quot;, &quot;value1&quot;).&#xA;        param(&quot;key2&quot;, &quot;value2&quot;).&#xA;        when().&#xA;        post(&quot;/somewhere&quot;).&#xA;        then().&#xA;        body(containsString(&quot;OK&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way my IDE or maven formats RestAssured statements with expected indentations, while the rest keeps with respect to the Google template? Or at least, it doesn't destroy what I have set for RestAssured statements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-09-25T16:25:14.593" LastActivityDate="2021-01-17T11:40:47.577" Title="Auto-formatting RestAssured test cases in my IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9782" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-25T16:06:06.340" Score="3" ViewCount="8316" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am doing some performance testing with jMeter on my application. I've check marked &lt;code&gt;Retrieve all Embedded Resources&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Clear cache on each iteration&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the thread group I've got: Number of threads 10, Ramp up period: 60, Loop Count 3. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I best determine the breaking point of my application? (i.e. the point at which it becomes unresponsive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which listener will best be able to tell me the breaking point of my application (i.e. how many concurrent users it can handle)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8843" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:45:10.223" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T09:32:01.780" Title="How to determine breaking point of my application when performance testing from jMeter" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9748" CreationDate="2014-09-25T19:38:45.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out Glassdoor.com, they probably have salaries for the company, and maybe for your job title.  The glassdoor salaries are self-reported by other people.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can also search for salaries in other companies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-09-25T19:38:45.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9782" CreationDate="2014-09-26T03:55:39.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To determine the breaking point of you application increase the thread count gradually with each test run. At present you have it as 10. Now try testing with 20, then 50 in third iteration.&#xA;Now suppose you find out that you application broke at 50 threads, then reduce the thread count to 40 and run the test again. &#xA;Let's say your application works fine with 40 threads, then run it with 45 threads and repeat the process till you get the correct breaking point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the view results tree and summary report listeners for understanding the results better!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T03:55:39.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9785" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9790" CreationDate="2014-09-26T09:23:53.057" Score="0" ViewCount="15185" Body="&lt;p&gt;I successfully configured sonarqube locally and created users. But I am not getting how to add projects for code review in it. I am using it for the first time so don't have much idea about it. Can anyone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T10:00:40.060" Title="How to add project in sonarqube?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;static-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-26T13:08:07.473" Score="0" ViewCount="1423" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone recommend a tool (free) or browser extension (preferably for Chrome) when filling in forms from a front end view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've come across Form Filler for Chrome &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/form-filler/bnjjngeaknajbdcgpfkgnonkmififhfo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/form-filler/bnjjngeaknajbdcgpfkgnonkmififhfo&lt;/a&gt; - although it populates random characters and I would like to set specific data for each field. This tool enables users to add page ID's, class and name, but it still generates random characters. This would be ideal if you could set specified data to be input per field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not wishing to use WebDriver at this stage as it'll take too long to write the scripts at the initial testing stage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-09-30T08:47:35.583" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T03:21:16.590" Title="Recommend a tool/browser extension to fill forms" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9786" CreationDate="2014-09-26T14:14:05.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one thing that record-playback automation tools do quite well; if you've got a short-term one-off task for inputting a lot of data, in a fairly consistent way through some screens, then they're what you need. Quick to record the test, quick to make the script data-driven, and quick to play back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T14:14:05.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9786" CreationDate="2014-09-26T14:27:10.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree. If you want to avoid webdriver here, you may want to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeleniumIDE&lt;/a&gt;, which allows you to create quick scripts (that ultimately get driven by webdriver) to play back and test functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8846" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T14:27:10.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9782" CreationDate="2014-09-26T18:43:15.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you need to define what the &quot;breaking point&quot; is.  There are a number of possibilities.  The obvious problem would be if the web server itself crashes and stops responding, but there are a number of problems that can occur well before that point that in most cases would still be considered &quot;broken&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other problems that could tell you your application is &quot;broken&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response times become unreasonably long.  A general rule of thumb is if a web page takes longer than 6 seconds to load, from a user perspective, they will lose interest and become impatient.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some (but not all) requests begin returning non 200 response codes.  You will need to set up validations for your responses in jmeter to watch for non 200 response codes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The web server crashes and restarts automatically causing a few requests to fail, but all existing sessions to immediately expire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of the Jmeter listeners will tell you anything about the health of your application, it just tells you about some of the symptoms such as slow response times, or error response codes.  In order to actually monitor the health of the web server, you need to monitor the system it is running on to watch memory usage, cpu usage, network usage, disk IO, etc.  Many tools like Tomcat have some performance counters you can tap into and get more information as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To actually determine where you application breaks is a blurry line as well.  If you immediately pound a server with 1000 requests, it could break, but if you ramp up slowly to 1000 threads it may handle it.  In addition, you may be able to run 100 threads just fine, but if you run 100 threads for an hour straight, it may break.  Again, the most obvious and the most common scenario is that you run a certain number of threads and it breaks when you reach some threshold.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To determine where that threshold is, you can often use a step load pattern where you start at some number of threads, and every X time period increase the threads by Y.  So for example, every 10 minutes I might increase threads by 5, and I might run that test overnight and come back in the morning to see how far it got before the system &quot;broke&quot;.  The closest out of the box functonality in Jmeter to do this kind of load, would be the &quot;ramp up&quot;.  You would need to put the number of threads up to something very large (number depends on the project), maybe 1000+ and change the ramp up time to something very large like 43200 (12 hours) so that it continually ramps up until the application breaks.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be do multiple runs where you manually increase the number of threads for each run.  For Jmeter, I would actually prefer creating or using a plugin to do the step up load since their out of the box functionality does not provide an ideal solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-09-26T18:43:15.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9785" CreationDate="2014-09-26T19:44:33.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add a project, you just have to run an analysis on it.  See the docs here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.sonarqube.org/display/SONAR/Analyzing+with+SonarQube+Runner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Analysing with SonarQube Runner&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2015-01-26T18:50:29.357" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T18:50:29.357" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-28T06:25:22.663" Score="2" ViewCount="381" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our GUI for our Windows application is written in C#. I want to write some automated regression tests. Which programming languages would work? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have in mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I do not have access to source code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I do not want a record/playback application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8759" LastEditorUserId="8855" LastEditDate="2014-09-29T06:24:11.077" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T06:24:11.077" Title="Programming language for testing GUI written in C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9795" CreationDate="2014-09-28T07:42:38.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tests that explore the GUI of an application need to simulate the keyboard and mouse to send commands. They also need to read the screen to validate that the correct things are displayed. To me the mechanisms for keyboard and mouse entry and for screen reading are more important than the programming language. However as your application is in C# writing the tests in C# makes sense as knowledge, training and people can be transferred between development and test teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several test frameworks that provide what you want. Many include record and playback facilities but they allow you write the test code yourself rather so you can ignore the record capabilities. However, the record facilities can be used to your advantage. Whilst your real tests may be manually written, a sandbox project can be used for recording things then the generated code examined to learn techniques and to copy code. This technique works well with Coded UI in Microsoft's Visual Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T07:42:38.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9786" CreationDate="2014-09-28T08:04:24.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best one I've used so far is iMacro, its an extension comes with IE and Mozilla. You can easily record your action and play it back. Its easily compatible and can be further extended using VB script. &#xA;Best thing you can run this extension by opening a new window or on any already open window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2014-09-28T08:04:24.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9798" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-28T22:01:39.733" Score="5" ViewCount="1466" Body="&lt;p&gt;Therac 25 is a radiation therapy machine that lead to 3 deaths and 3 injuries in 1980s. That's the worst accidents in history which are caused by software bugs. In 1993, Leveson and Turner did a &lt;a href=&quot;https://learn.dcollege.net/bbcswebdav/pid-2895975-dt-content-rid-10878014_1/courses/11566.201415/1993%20-%20Leveson%20and%20Turner%20-%20Therac25.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;thorough investigation&lt;/a&gt; (click the link for full version) into Therac 25 and published a paper to conclude their investigation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to give a presentation next week about these tragedies. However, I don't understand the paper's explanation on the bug. I enclose the related part of the paper as follows (ZOOM OUT to read),&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YEcb3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is some of my understanding of the code,&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/129mb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UU5DP.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uBna1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TjaYm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RC53m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/32rpA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then I got stuck!&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Magnet process is to setup all magnets and the entire process takes about 8secs. The BUG is that the PTime clears the magnet setting flag in its first execution, which is not reset later. The paper indicates, as a result, the PTime process will only check the input change for the first magnet setting because of the bug. But what I don't understand is the line in the red rectangle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T1PaR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The line examines if the input has changed at the end of every magnet setup. Even if Ptime fails to check it, this line will still check if the change happened, and then the bug would be ineffective. I am really baffled. Since this is a very influential paper, I presume I somehow misunderstood its explanation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8858" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T03:31:27.680" LastActivityDate="2020-11-28T21:01:13.460" Title="Asking for help with this Therac 25 bugged code. I don't understand the explanation" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9786" CreationDate="2014-09-29T06:04:15.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The form fuzzer extension of chrome looks simple and easy to use for&#xA;filling up of forms. Here is the link to it -&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/form-fuzzer/cbpplldpcdcfejdaldmnfhlodoadjhii&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/form-fuzzer/cbpplldpcdcfejdaldmnfhlodoadjhii&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Th for fuzzer extension doesn't exist anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few other extensions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/fake-filler/bnjjngeaknajbdcgpfkgnonkmififhfo?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/fake-filler/bnjjngeaknajbdcgpfkgnonkmififhfo?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/autofill/nlmmgnhgdeffjkdckmikfpnddkbbfkkk?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/autofill/nlmmgnhgdeffjkdckmikfpnddkbbfkkk?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/lazy-fuzzer/ghmopjhkkcjplianfnijfdjjaacmbkan?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/lazy-fuzzer/ghmopjhkkcjplianfnijfdjjaacmbkan?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After installing the extension in chrome,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click on its icon in extension bar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to options and select the settings and insert the values to suit your needs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save the settings and whenever you need to fill in a form just click(left click) the icon once and viola, your characters will appear in form fields.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2020-07-08T03:21:16.590" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T03:21:16.590" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9781" CreationDate="2014-09-29T08:25:43.403" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A solution I found so far it to turn off formatting for certain sections, so that IDE does not destroy that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Intellij&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Surround the code fragment with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// @formatter:off&#xA;...&#xA;// @formatter:on&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Preferences -&gt; Code Style -&gt; General -&gt; Formatter Control -&gt; Enable formatter markers in comments&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l9KBN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does not auto-format RestAssured section, but at least does not destroy it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T08:25:43.403" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9798" CreationDate="2014-09-29T08:27:36.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The last paragraph of the article is not clear. Does it explain how the bug was resolved or does it refer to code added before the tragedy occurred and the bug was found?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One interpretation of the code in the red box is that it is the fix to the race condition, ie the fix for the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T08:27:36.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9651" CreationDate="2014-09-29T09:11:28.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your can give xcode(iOS emulator) a try and try to write a script to execute the emulator automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Addendum:&#xA;I do not have a hands on experience of it but once you have your app/website running in xcode emulator you can write test scripts using the IPhoneDriver plugin of selenium webdriver and run your tests!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose this link below can give you some idea of using iPhone driver -&#xA;seleniumhq.wordpress.com/2013/12/24/android-and-ios-support&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2014-09-29T11:09:07.983" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T11:09:07.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9622" CreationDate="2014-09-29T09:20:06.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you have said it yourself that having separate documents may add to tester's time, wouldn't it make sense to have a checklist instead of such vast and mostly not so easy to read documents. The checklist can be used for testing and whatever information is gathered during testing can be properly formatted in a document so that the intended stakeholder can easily read and understand it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T09:20:06.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9805" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-29T10:47:42.960" Score="1" ViewCount="6255" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running my script in java and getting the results in testNG. But in my application after filling up the form I am getting a confirmation alert message. I am able to read that alert message and capture screenshot using selenium but I want to write/include that alert message and screenshot (or its path) in the testNG report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to do that as I am new to testNG&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T13:18:13.397" Title="How to modify testNG report in selenium java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9651" CreationDate="2014-09-29T12:19:31.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know some possible ways, but I think they are a bit far fetched for a maintainable test setup. Might get you going though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VNC&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jailbreak an iPhone/iPad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install VNC server software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a test framework like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.t-plan.com/robot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;T-Plan Robot&lt;/a&gt; to run tests against the device over VNC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a older open-source T-Plan robot version at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/tplanrobot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sourceforge.net/projects/tplanrobot/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems that you do &lt;strong&gt;not have to jailbreak&lt;/strong&gt; if you use the iOS mirror feature: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.t-plan.com/robot/docs/latest/scripting/ios.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.t-plan.com/robot/docs/latest/scripting/ios.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Emulator&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use Sikuli to test against a local emulator: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-09-29T12:26:59.427" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T12:26:59.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9807" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-29T12:54:05.827" Score="1" ViewCount="5288" Body="&lt;p&gt;when testing with Selenium Webdriver, I'm getting an advertising pop up window with Firefox and not with IE. Actually this pop up is preventing me from doing many other tasks.&#xA;Is there a way to disable this kind of pop up when creating the Firefox driver?? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7262" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T13:29:52.343" Title="Disable a pop up rendered in FF and not with IE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2014-09-29T14:43:25.727" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.citimind.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.citimind.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This site has lot of information on current QA &amp;amp; testing issues, a full forum to get answers to many of your problems and they also support in jobs for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I rate them 5/5 stars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Sandra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8861" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T14:43:25.727" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-09-29T14:43:25.727" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9809" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-29T17:10:10.490" Score="0" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test that clicks on a preview link &gt; opens up a window and I do some sort of test in that newly open window. I then close that window and click on the preview link again and repeat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say the test follows this pattern for 100 times. Once it hits say 10th times, clicking on the preview link to open the new window doesn't seem to do anything. I don't see a new window opening, and the code seems to still be running. It doesn't break, no exceptions are thrown, etc When I stop the code execution, it seem to have moved on past the line of code that clicks on the preview link... This happens in firefox and chrome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain what may be happening?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8864" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T03:07:09.003" Title="selenium click stop working after several iteration" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9809" CreationDate="2014-09-29T22:57:13.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It'll be difficult without the code you're using. Other helpful items would be if there's a browser that the test always works on, and what version of Selenium you're using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, are you testing for your WebElement being visible and enabled as well as not null before you click? If it's in a clickable state (for example, visible, but disabled), WebDriver will click on it without throwing an exception, and nothing else would happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8696" LastActivityDate="2014-09-29T22:57:13.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9622" CreationDate="2014-09-30T00:34:19.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have wrestled with this problem a number of times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, I have had a number of occasions where I needed to hand each member of a group of testers a stack of paper to describe the steps they had to take.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first time a tester needs a detailed procedure it has to be there for them to read immediately. Similarly, when the procedures are very similar but differ in important details, the procedure needs to be right there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Subsequent times, I don't fold the procedures into the test script, but simply refer to it by a distinguished name.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written a number of different tools to handle this problem, each with its own set of quirks and annoyances, for me and the people doing the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current vision of a test documentation package involves generating fairly sophisticated HTML. For instance, it might use disclosure triangles or pop-ups or pop-overs to allow the tester to view the details as often as they need in order to become familiar. The basic test documentation looks short and straightforward, with most of the detail hidden until needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a similar vein, the web page with the test procedure in it would be an active form where items could be checked off as they are completed, and details written down when needed, and anomalies or bugs recorded at the exact point where they were noticed in the script. This requires some non-trivial back end software. I have looked into using a survey generator/capture tool for this kind of support of manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8068" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T00:34:19.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9813" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-30T06:54:12.893" Score="0" ViewCount="7021" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium and testNG framework for my project. &#xA;Now what is happening is each class is opening up a browser and then run its methods, eg, if I have five classes, then five browsers will open simultaneously and then run the tests.&#xA;I want to Open Browser at the start once and run all the methods and then close it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class openSite&#xA;{&#xA;public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;@test&#xA;public void openMain()&#xA;{&#xA;  System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;E:/drive/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;  WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;  driver.get(&quot;http://vtu.ac.in/&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@test&#xA;//Clicking on the first link on the page&#xA;public void aboutVTU()&#xA;{&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;menu-item-323&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;//clicking on the 2nd link in the page&#xA;public void Institutes()&#xA;{&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;menu-item-325&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now What I want is the testNG should open browser once and open vtu.ac.in once and then execute the methods aboutVTU and Institutes and give me the result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T12:40:47.377" Title="How to make the opening of browser(all test in one browser) static in testng for selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-09-30T21:28:38.210" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6601" CreationDate="2014-09-30T10:19:12.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use one single line to select the dropdown option.&#xA;Avoid any extra line/code to click the dropdown.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;DropdownId&quot;)).FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//option[contains(text(),'OptionText')]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8868" LastEditorUserId="8868" LastEditDate="2014-09-30T15:45:28.193" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T15:45:28.193" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9798" CreationDate="2014-09-30T11:08:55.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's my interpretation (caveat - I could be wrong):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key sentence from the article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The keyboard handler parses the mode and energy level specified by the&#xA;  operator and places an encoded result in another shared variable, the&#xA;  2-byte mode/energy offset (MEOS) variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This corresponds to the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;repeat&#xA;fetch parameter&#xA;output parameter&#xA;point to next parameter&#xA;until all parameters set&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code occurs before the &lt;code&gt;Magnet&lt;/code&gt; routine is called, and only then. The call in the &lt;code&gt;Magnet&lt;/code&gt; routine to check whether mode/energy has changed won't detect any changes because no input will be read in until all the magnets have been set. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the article indicates it takes approximately 8 seconds for all the magnets to be set, this means that new parameters could appear to be accepted depending on the user's speed (which is likely to be quite high given familiarity with the system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T11:08:55.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9813" CreationDate="2014-09-30T12:40:47.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mean to say in one class multiple methods you want to run, then use below code and try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    @BeforeTest&#xA;    public static void beforeMethod() {&#xA;    driver= new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void main1() {&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://indianrail.gov.in/pnr_Enq.html&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;element&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;1234567890&quot;);&#xA;    String captcha = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtCaptchaDiv&quot;)).getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Captcha is: &quot; +captcha);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtInput&quot;)).sendKeys(captcha);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void main2() {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;btn_style&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void main3() {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;The title is: &quot; +driver.getTitle());&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T12:40:47.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9818" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-30T13:32:39.603" Score="2" ViewCount="17807" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I happened to be in an interview where I was asked to explain feature testing and functional testing. Even after looking up so many references I am unable to find a convincing explanation ‒ can anyone explain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8872" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2014-10-05T17:13:14.540" LastActivityDate="2018-12-01T06:15:37.577" Title="What is the difference between feature testing and functionality testing" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2014-09-30T14:19:04.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;           Testing enhanced things in already developed project is called feature testing.Whether its is useful for our project.Understanding the Feature,Build Test Scenarios,How it is Implemented,Deploy the Build Early are some of the things in feature testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional Tesing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;           Functional testing means testing the application against business requirements. Functional testing is executed using the functional specifications given by the client or by the design specifications according to use cases given by the design team. Role of functional testing is to validating the behavior of an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7720" LastActivityDate="2014-09-30T14:19:04.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9820" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-09-30T14:32:39.117" Score="0" ViewCount="32263" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have very recently started to look at Jmeter for non-functional testing web applications and have found numerous articles, tutorials etc including this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2546/where-can-i-find-good-jmeter-tutorials&quot;&gt;Where can I find good JMeter tutorials?&lt;/a&gt; which has lots of links to useful information, which is great, but none of these are really solving my issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have built my first test plan in Jmeter, but when I run it I get an error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error initialising remote server: 127.0.0.1&#xA;&#xA;Connection refused to host: 127.0.0.1; nested exception is: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is, do I need to set my &lt;code&gt;java.rmi.server.hostname&lt;/code&gt; property at the server? If so, how? Is this done in the &lt;code&gt;jmeter.properties&lt;/code&gt; file? If so, I tried changing &lt;code&gt;remote_hosts=127.0.0.1&lt;/code&gt; to the IP address of the target server once I had pinged it to find the address, but this did nothing and still produced the error as it appears to be binding to 127.0.0.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set my environment variables as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JAVA_HOME=C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.8.0_05&#xA;&#xA;JMETER_HOME=C:\Program Files\apache-jmeter-2.11&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Jmeter I've built a test plan as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test plan element&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Added a variable&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Name: site, Value: testenvironment:8012&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thread Group element&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Threads = 1, Ramp-up = 1, Loop count = 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTTP Request Defaults element&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Server name or IP = ${site}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager element&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTTP Request element&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Path = /Login/Index Method = POST&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Added two parameter&lt;/em&gt;s: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Username with value and Password with value&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;View Results in Table&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click remote start and the error is produced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2019-05-19T06:54:51.757" Title="Jmeter - Connection refused to host: 127.0.0.1; nested exception is: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2014-09-30T14:36:02.720" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of kinds of testing, and they vary by company and organization.  Different people use different terms.  There is no special value in any particular set of terms; you just need to know what the speaker means when they use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frankly, I think it was a stupid question, or perhaps even a trick question to see how you deal with ambiguity. Whether a candidate happens to know how the interviewer happens to define a set of ambiguous terms has no bearing on job performance.  I hope the rest of the interview was better than that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-10-03T08:44:51.537" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T08:44:51.537" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2014-09-30T14:39:42.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Features are changes that add new functionality or modify existing functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Functional Testing is a testing technique that is used to test the functionality of the Software, should cover all the scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edited as per the comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="8892" LastEditDate="2014-10-03T04:45:24.620" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T04:45:24.620" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2014-09-30T16:22:06.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is where good communication skills, alertness and good vocab comes in handy for a tester....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at the meanings of the terms in question,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature&lt;/strong&gt;: a distinctive attribute or aspect of something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functionality&lt;/strong&gt;: the quality of being suited to serve a purpose well; practicality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with the knowledge of the meanings of these terms you can come up with a good enough explanation spontaneously. As it is there are many terminologies made by people in testing. And to different people and organizations a term may have a different meaning. So it is always better to give an appropriate explanation depending on the context.... :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-14T05:58:25.297" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T05:58:25.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9824" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10065" CreationDate="2014-09-30T21:04:34.180" Score="2" ViewCount="2368" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question about running fit and finish testing on mobile devices. For checking designs, the test usually involves measuring the pixel width of on-screen elements for webpages or native apps on iOS and Android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Originally I was taking screenshots of the application and using an on-screen ruler to measure the pixel width on the PC. This is not really feasible, I've realised because of the device independent pixels (DIPs) that are being taken on Android. I'm not as familiar with iOS but I assume that iOS was doing the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do I measure pixel distances like that if the DIPs are what are being taken on Android. Usually what I end up measuring varies according to the device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you say are the appropriate methods for measuring on-screen distances on mobile devices?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5065" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T20:57:43.930" Title="How does one measure pixel width on mobile devices?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9825" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9857" CreationDate="2014-10-01T02:39:43.090" Score="9" ViewCount="6940" Body="&lt;p&gt;My query is related to this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3491/choosing-framework-type-for-selenium-rc-webdriver&quot;&gt;Choosing framework type for selenium RC/Webdriver&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in Selenium and want to know how to select or choose a framework in Selenium Webdriver. What are the key points that need to be considered?&#xA;And folder structure (Simple hierarchy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it good if we prepare key/datadriven/hybrid driven framework to use on current or other applications also (One for all with Minimal change)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8877" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T19:53:02.447" Title="key points for choosing a framework in selenium webdriver - Java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9826" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9827" CreationDate="2014-10-01T03:09:47.590" Score="5" ViewCount="8337" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know what kind of test cases we cannot automate using selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not want to use any 3rd party tool (Autoit, etc..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the limitations of Selenium WebDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8877" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T08:57:48.833" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T08:57:48.833" Title="What kind of test cases can we not automate in selenium webdriver - java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-06-08T19:48:06.367" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9826" CreationDate="2014-10-01T03:16:30.220" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I know captcha (Some captcha you can test) you can not test using selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T03:16:30.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9826" CreationDate="2014-10-01T03:53:19.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gestures - User can perform multiple clicks on submit button / search button occasionally which could result in page reloads / transactions cancelled&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Image / Video Previews - Between transitioning between thumbnail and playback of videos I have observed not well automated&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Payment gateway timeouts - During peak transactions there could be timeouts with payment gateway. This depends on network throughput, time out which is really a production dependant scenario&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T03:53:19.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9829" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-01T05:36:41.510" Score="0" ViewCount="894" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to make a generic automation framework which can work on any eCommerce website using Ranorex test automation tool. I am unable to figure out what things should be included in a generic test automation framework. It will be very helpful if you can provide any suggestion .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Mudit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user8507" LastEditorDisplayName="user8507" LastEditDate="2014-10-01T08:56:23.800" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T11:38:25.793" Title="Generic Automation Framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2014-10-10T00:09:07.443" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9830" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-01T06:30:41.453" Score="2" ViewCount="7578" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does a manual tester become expert in automation testing in Selenium? Please also explain where to start and how to start. I am also not good in Java but I have  basic knowledge. I want to do selenium using Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7956" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-01T11:06:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T03:30:13.907" Title="How does a Manual tester become expert in automation testing in selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-02-01T17:46:43.223" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9830" CreationDate="2014-10-01T07:38:29.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/firefox/FirefoxDriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FirefoxDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. It's the best supported driver and supports advanced features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automate a simple test&lt;/strong&gt; such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/remote/RemoteWebDriver.html#navigate%28%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;opening a page&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/remote/RemoteWebDriver.html#getPageSource%28%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;verifying the page contents&lt;/a&gt;. No form filling or JavaScript at this point!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Run the test&lt;/strong&gt; to verify it's working. This is necessary for the next step. After &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; subsequent step (except committing) make sure &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; the tests still pass.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make the test as &lt;strong&gt;specific&lt;/strong&gt; as possible, in this case by &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#findElement%28org.openqa.selenium.By%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;finding the element&lt;/a&gt; closest to the text you're looking for and &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#getText%28%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;verifying its contents&lt;/a&gt;. Ideally, the element should only contain the exact string you're looking for.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remove code duplication.&lt;/strong&gt; Many developers skip this step, which usually ends up hiding the important logic in the tests in lots of inconsequential details. This makes tests harder to maintain, and global fixes more tedious to implement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract away details and internals.&lt;/strong&gt; Done right, this gives actual business value by making the code readable to people with limited programming experience.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Commit to source control.&lt;/strong&gt; With sensible commit messages you and other developers can learn from your mistakes and easily revert breaking changes when tests no longer run in the continuous integration system. When creating the test setup or doing heavy refactoring you might want to commit earlier in the process, but for pure test development this should be it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point you have all the basics and can start using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;API&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt; to do more advanced stuff like form filling and asynchronous JavaScript. Repeat step 2 onwards with the next most simple test and you're off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastEditorUserId="951" LastEditDate="2014-10-01T17:54:15.840" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T17:54:15.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9833" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9834" CreationDate="2014-10-01T10:07:00.820" Score="0" ViewCount="2832" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using testNG framework and tried to import data from excel sheet in my local. If I run the code as simple java application then its running but with testNG its not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NewTest {&#xA;   public String strFirstName =&quot;&quot;;&#xA;   public String strLastName=&quot;&quot;;&#xA;   public String strEmail=&quot;&quot;;&#xA;   @BeforeSuite&#xA;   public static void main (String args[]) throws InterruptedException{&#xA;      try {&#xA;             // Open the Excel file&#xA;             // Access the required test data sheet&#xA;             FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(&quot;E:/som/Book2.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;             XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fi);&#xA;             XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);&#xA;&#xA;             // Loop through all rows in the sheet&#xA;             // Start at row 1 as row 0 is our header row&#xA;             for(int count = 0;count&amp;lt;=sheet.getLastRowNum();count++){&#xA;             XSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(count);&#xA;             System.out.println(&quot;Running test case &quot; + row.getCell(0).toString());&#xA;&#xA;             // Run the test for the current test data row&#xA;             runtest(row.getCell(0).toString(),row.getCell(1).toString(), &#xA;             row.getCell(2).toString());&#xA;          }&#xA;          fi.close();&#xA;          } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;               System.out.println(&quot;Test data file not found&quot;);&#xA;          } &#xA;       }&#xA;&#xA;       @Test&#xA;       public static void runtest(String strFirstName, String strLastName, &#xA;          String strEmail) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;             System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&#xA;             &quot;E:/som/chromedriver/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;             WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;             driver.get(&quot;http://&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;192.168.1.33:8081&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;/serosoft-academia-testing/&quot;);&#xA;             System.out.println(&quot;Page title is: &quot; + driver.getTitle());&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button-1055-btnIconEl&quot;)).click();&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-comp-1079-btnInnerEl&quot;)).click();&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button-1089-btnIconEl&quot;)).click();&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-gen1804&quot;)).click(); // Enquiry Type&#xA;             Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='boundlist-1534- &#xA;                listEl']/ul/li[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;             Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-gen1812&quot;)).click(); // Referer type&#xA;             Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='boundlist- &#xA;                1536']/div/ul/li[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;             Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-gen1822&quot;)).click(); // Enquiry Registered&#xA;             // by&#xA;             Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='boundlist- &#xA;                1538']/div/ul/li[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;             Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;textfield-1482-inputEl&quot;)).sendKeys(strFirstName); // Enquirer&#xA;&#xA;             // first&#xA;             // name&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;textfield-1485-inputEl&quot;)).sendKeys(strLastName); // enquirer&#xA;&#xA;             // last&#xA;             // name&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-gen1825&quot;)).click(); // country&#xA;             Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='boundlist-1540']/div/ul/li[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;             Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-gen1827&quot;)).click(); // city&#xA;             Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='boundlist-1542']/div/ul/li[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;textfield-1497-inputEl&quot;)).sendKeys(strEmail); // email&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is the error I am getting: &#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RuJKK.png&quot; alt=&quot;error pic&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T18:34:16.440" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T10:24:28.057" Title="How to run data driven testing using testNG in selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9833" CreationDate="2014-10-01T10:26:35.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see several problems in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paramaterized &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt; method with no data provider.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Your &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt; method (&lt;code&gt;main()&lt;/code&gt;) takes a parameter (&lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt;),&#xA;but you have not told TestNG how to provide a value for that.&#xA;That's what that exception message means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calling test methods.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;When you run under TestNG,&#xA;your &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt; method&#xA;calls your test method.&#xA;That seems like a problem.&#xA;TestNG wants to call your test on your behalf.&#xA;You don't have to call it yourself.&#xA;And you almost certainly should not call it yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if it works,&#xA;when you call your test method in the &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt; method,&#xA;any failure in the test would look like a failed configuration method.&#xA;Probably not what you want.&#xA;And certainly not what TestNG wants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Static &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Also, you've put a &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt; annotation on a static method.&#xA;I don't know for sure,&#xA;but I suspect that TestNG does not like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to parameterize a test in TestNG.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The proper way to provide data for tests is to use a &lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&lt;/code&gt; method.&#xA;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Section 5.6 Parameters&lt;/a&gt; in the TestNG documentation,&#xA;especially section 5.6.2 about &lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&lt;/code&gt; methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="117" LastEditDate="2014-10-01T10:35:44.297" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T10:35:44.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9820" CreationDate="2014-10-01T10:44:29.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.rmi.server.hostname&lt;/code&gt; property can be set either in &lt;em&gt;system.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (which lives under /bin folder of your JMeter installation) or passed directly to JMeter startup script via -D key as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=10.20.30.40&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you can specify interface to bind to. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt; for more details on manipulating JMeter properties. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you one just one host there is no need to use distributed testing. If you want to test the approach check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Distributed Testing Step-by-step&lt;/a&gt; guide. If you're going to use a single machine for it you'll need to launch both master and slave on it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T10:44:29.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9825" CreationDate="2014-10-01T11:32:18.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Keys points to consider while choosing an automation approach (Data Driven/Keyword based /Hybrid/) are as follows - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the Application under Test - Data intensive ? - Better of with Data Driven approach then.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the application more about functional tests (e.g. workflows) - Better to go with a keyword approach - specially if those functional tests have to be repeated without changing data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;However - Most application i came across have a little bit of both -&gt; They have loads of functionality and process highly variant data - Then we should go with a hybrid framework- essentially you perform varied functional tests with varied data ranges.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally - The best approach is the Hybrid framework where your keywords correspond to the smallest component in a functional test (e.g. Login will be one keyword and the username and password will keep on changing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Webdriver is powerful library coupled with JAVA - the possibilities are limitless !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8880" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T11:32:18.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9829" CreationDate="2014-10-01T11:38:25.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the following approach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decide on the features that are generally available on all e commerce websites (Like a e cart).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decide a few functionalities that will be common across all e commerce websites.(Add and Delete from the cart).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define how will your application recognise how to perform those specific functions on the website - Deploy hooks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write your application as generic as you can and concentrate on how the hooks should be designed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personal opinon - All e-commerce websites are very specific to their vision- My best guess is for all e-commerce websites - The ROI on such a project is questionable. The maximum coverage will come to 40% out of the box - And specific hook deployment will take up most of your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8880" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T11:38:25.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9830" CreationDate="2014-10-01T12:42:39.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To become an expert test automator using selenium and java a manual tester should do the following,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn java.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn selenium. What it does? How it does it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn the limitations of selenium.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get hands on practice with selenium.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn tips and tricks to use selenium effectively and efficiently.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn how to customize selenium to make it more suitable for one's needs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn to understand what should be automated and what should be left to manual testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Please never stop thinking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I'm sure there is much more to this list, which other experts will add here!...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy learning :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T12:42:39.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9830" CreationDate="2014-10-01T13:07:01.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although learning programming and web-testing with Selenium from scratch as an &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autodidacticism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;autodidact&lt;/a&gt; is totally possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you should find a team that does both manual and automated web-testing. Try to gather more experienced colleagues around you and work with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If finding a team is impossible due to lack of actual real life experience I suggest you follow an online training, for example: &lt;a href=&quot;http://courses.compendiumdev.co.uk/course/selenium-2-webdriver-with-java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://courses.compendiumdev.co.uk/course/selenium-2-webdriver-with-java&lt;/a&gt; (Disclaimer: I do not have any relation or experience with this course, just something I found which looked OK and affordable)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-10-01T13:07:01.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9830" CreationDate="2014-10-01T17:47:11.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alan Richardson has a great beginner book called &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumsimplified.com/about-2nd-edition/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Simplified&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good solid way to learn with code examples is to use his Udemy courses and then follow up with &lt;em&gt;Java for Testers&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a background with PHP, JavaScript, and of course CSS and HTML before getting into Selenium.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java isn't compiled with WebDriver, it's parsed.   There's a fundamental difference between how you'll use it and how a Java developer will, but you're still using object oriented code the same way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're confident enough, there's a free book on many .edu websites called &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thinking_in_Java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Thinking in Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8884" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-10-05T21:38:22.477" LastActivityDate="2014-10-05T21:38:22.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9844" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9849" CreationDate="2014-10-02T04:15:37.647" Score="13" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Day before yesterday while chatting my friend(also a tester) he raised the topic theory vs practical in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His points of concern were that by theory software testing has phases like planning, estimation, scripting and execution. If all are carried out properly then testing will go on smoothly every time, but that doesn't seem to happen in reality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reality we have all come across various factors that prevents this perfect theory from becoming a reality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We tried to see various scenarios and possibilities on this but couldn't reach on proper conclusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well I have also done testing dependent on context but the way my friend was trying to make his point it got me thinking,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a relation between the theoretical and practical testing?&#xA;I clearly saw a gap between the 2, but my point of concern is if there is a connection then I'm clearly not able to see it! I'd like to get to know if these 2 can be bridged and a middle path could be found!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T12:16:44.017" Title="I'm having trouble bridging theory with practical in software testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9845" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-02T04:31:29.277" Score="5" ViewCount="3467" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am beginner in selenium webdriver (java), and wanted to know whether selenium webdriver can be used in cloud based application testing or not, if yes how to setup it (Searched over the net but didn't get particular solution). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose, if selenium will support (Cloud) then is it good to use in cloud testing? instead of other tools specifically meant for cloud application testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding we can do functionality and performance testing in the cloud, and  selenium is good for cross browsers, functionality...etc but not for load, stress, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you think or as per your experience if selenium is not good/suitable for cloud based applications testing then which tool you want to suggest to me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8877" LastEditorUserId="8877" LastEditDate="2014-10-02T06:25:57.303" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T08:02:34.790" Title="Cloud Based Automation Testing with Selenium WebDriver - Java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9845" CreationDate="2014-10-02T06:07:22.430" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although i do not have much idea about it but i think you can give selenium grid a try. I read on seleniumhq.org that with selenium grid you can create a master slave architecture, where one master machine will control several slaves to send request to a common server. Maybe this can help solve your issue!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T06:07:22.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-02T07:01:29.617" Score="-1" ViewCount="474" Body="&lt;p&gt;An excel sheet having rows and columns, each cell accept 1 to 6 numeric values. How to check 1000 columns? what are the technique following for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8886" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-10-04T07:34:20.847" LastActivityDate="2014-10-04T07:34:20.847" Title="Verify value range of data in an Excel sheet" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2020-09-07T11:19:54.187" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9845" CreationDate="2014-10-02T08:02:34.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a tool to drive and verify behavior of web-applications, it should not matter where they are hosted. If you can reach the webserver running the application it can be local or hosted in the cloud, the application should behave the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test if the cloud setup can handle a certain load and find its bottlenecks I would look at a load testing tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jMeter&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://funkload.nuxeo.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FunkLoad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T08:02:34.790" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9844" CreationDate="2014-10-02T12:02:03.757" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Theory is a wonderful place. Everything works perfectly there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sarcasm aside, theory is - or should be - a description of how something works that's sufficiently useful to make a prediction about some future version of that thing. So software testing theory should be able to make some predictions about how actual testing will proceed and guide the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea that testing has distinct phases like planning, estimation, scripting, and execution is really a testing waterfall model. It &lt;em&gt;describes&lt;/em&gt; distinct testing activities, and predicts that those activities will largely occur in time-separated chunks, in a distinct order (that is, planning will occur before estimation, which will be before scripting, which will be before execution). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, while all these activities occur in some form, they tend to intermingle and loop between each other depending on the context. So the testing waterfall model is possibly not helpful outside strictly structured environments. They also miss the exploration and investigation activities that typically occur when a tester is working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, I think the theoretical side of testing, particularly as it's taught in colleges (where it is taught), lags behind the practical side of the field. So far, what I've seen is mostly descriptive with little predictive or guiding value, although there are people working on improving this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T12:02:03.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3162" CreationDate="2014-10-02T12:35:56.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally use mind-maps for any activity and one of the activity is creating test coverage mindmaps, test strategy mindmaps that I share with my team members and customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love the markers which help in tracking my tests if my mindmap if developed as test design reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This mindmap repository may be helpful for you and its open source! You can download various testing mindmaps at &lt;a href=&quot;http://apps.testinsane.com/mindmaps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://apps.testinsane.com/mindmaps/&lt;/a&gt; This is released under MIT license which means no restrictions at all! Use it however you love to :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8887" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T12:35:56.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9807" CreationDate="2014-10-02T16:14:19.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the pop-up window is part of the web-based app, that you are testing, you need to know why is only happening on FF and not on IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a definitely a way on the settings on FF to disable pop up; however, IF in the future it is require to have pop-ups on your app, you will not have a user-oriented environment. Thus, I strongly suggest to not disable pop-ups&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code your script to check if you are running on FF-&gt; then handle the pop up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in your code add something to interact with the pop-up, like set the active browser to be the pop-up window, and then close it. This way, you will be able to continue working with everything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8889" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T16:14:19.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2546" CreationDate="2014-10-02T17:05:24.340" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have put together a really simple article of doing performance testing with Jmeter over here - &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcy.co.in/performance-testing-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testcy.co.in/performance-testing-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;. Even novice users with not much technical knowledge of code can do performance testing using this method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more tutorials, here you go,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jmeter/jmeter_tutorial.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jmeter/jmeter_tutorial.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.roseindia.net/jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.roseindia.net/jmeter/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmetertutorials.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmetertutorials.blogspot.in/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jmeter.net/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.jmeter.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enjoy performance testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2015-05-20T11:11:19.077" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T11:11:19.077" CommentCount="5" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-10-02T17:05:24.340" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7147" CreationDate="2014-10-02T17:26:24.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to take a screenshot in selenium webdriver 2 in MAC O/S&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need to import-&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package generic;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;  public void browserValidate() throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;      File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;      Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;/Users/mhossain/Desktop/Mixed/screenshot.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8890" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-02T19:53:37.447" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T19:53:37.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9732" CreationDate="2014-10-02T17:28:17.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure,&#xA;There is always a support methodology for everything, even for UAT. The only problem is that it is always context dependent. There is no one size fits all rule for such a thing. You have to identify the needs and requirements and develop a support methodology for UAT depending on the context of the SUT(system/software under test). For this you can take help from various stakeholders, specially the user/client, since they are the one's for whom you will be doing User Acceptance Test - UAT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T17:28:17.757" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-10-02T17:28:17.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9825" CreationDate="2014-10-02T19:53:02.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium/Webdriver is a great tool, but it comes with some overhead you'll have to be prepared to manage.  The first is choosing which Programming Language bindings you intend to use.  Whatever that ends up being will be the standard for the project for a long time, and depending upon the level of person you hope to use to build it, it can impact your choices greatly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be thinking up front about maintenance costs, and try to build it with the same software engineering principles you'd expect in production software.  That means if its Object Oriented, use a little design, and refactor it frequently to remove unnecessary framework duplication.  Try to keep the locators for each page in distinct files/classes, and each class you add to the framework should have a singular clear purpose.  When you see the opportunity to refactor, because a piece of something would be good elsewhere, do it then, don't wait to refactor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing to consider are back end issues like: How am I going to setup and maintain my Selenium Grid/Hub/Node Instances?  How am I going to launch the tests (which may vary depending upon how you intend to run them, what continuous integration servers you may implement.)  You also may want to think up front, do I intend to include behavioral driven development like Cucumber, JBehave, or Specflow (or something similar) at some point.  If you are, i recommend trying to start small with the breadth of the framework up front, and try to build that in as early as possible.  The longer you wait to do that, the more tests you may end up having to transition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember to provide good robust clients, api wrappers, mechanisms for spinning up data, or generating test fixtures as you need them.  Keep them simple, but make them easy to use.  Be sure that you will also have the coding tools you need to do it effectively. (Using the SeleniumIDE and then copying the exports, is a good place to start learning, but at some point, the need for that tool should diminish).  Provide quality IDEs, source control, and sufficient infrastructure to run the tests on, or the efforts will be wasted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh, and if you can build adapters for the database, or the APIs for your website, then by all means, do so, wrap tests around them and any other class that's part of your framework (that is not itself a test), and run those tests regularly too.  Use APIs to setup as much data as it permits, and avoid doing setup and teardown only in the UI.  Furthermore, if you can spin up the environment, deploy, then run the tests, then you may not need to worry quite as much about cleanup.  I say may, because there are still cases where cleanup for the next test makes sense.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, be prepared for maintenance.  Be prepared to find tests that seem flakey, but are really asymptomatic of behavior that is not as synchronous as it once was.  Try to keep tests as small as possible, but detailed enough to not bring down the house.  Honestly, I'd be very focused with the UI tests, and have a clear strategy for what you intend to cover, and what you leave to lower level unit tests to hopefully find. (there may not be sufficient time to write selenium tests for every edge case you can think of).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8571" LastActivityDate="2014-10-02T19:53:02.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9858" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-03T05:06:40.070" Score="2" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn automation testing in cloud and I do not have knowledge or experience in cloud environment. I searched over the internet and found some blogs, steps, etc but I am not sure whether those are correct or not and which tool, etc (Totally confused). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to this so not sure from where I need to start, I am very much sure from this forum I will get some help (Someone may working on the cloud).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I have never used this environment, tools before, I would just like to know where I can find good tutorials for beginners?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which tool you prefer for me (Functional, Performance and Mobile applications)? (Open source and Paid).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8892" LastEditorUserId="8877" LastEditDate="2014-10-03T06:50:08.167" LastActivityDate="2014-10-05T17:19:28.323" Title="Where can I find good tutorials for Cloud Environment, Automated Testing in Cloud and Tools" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-10-10T00:06:38.337" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9858" CreationDate="2014-10-03T07:58:26.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't see how testing in the cloud is different then testing on your local computer system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing the CLOUD delivers is a scalable type of infrastructure. If you need to test the scalability of the infrastructure, then search for &quot;Scalability testing&quot; and read blogs like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/the-enterprise-cloud/testing-the-limits-of-cloud-scalability-real-world-results/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;. Load testing mobile API's could be done with tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BlazeMeter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you need to find tools and tutorials which assist in testing different parts of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution_stack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;stack&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing of web-application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing of mobile-application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load/Performance test of cloud infrastructure (IO, Database, Network, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;API testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setting up a cloud environment for testing (Ask your operations/devops team)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is not a single resource that will explain all this knowledge from scratch and get you going. Therefor I think your question is way to broad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T07:58:26.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9860" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-03T09:58:53.423" Score="0" ViewCount="912" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have concerns about the duration of executing JMeter Test Scenario. In fact, if we execute a manual test with 1 user in 1 hour, we will find the same duration or little more with 3 user. But, with JMEter test the duration with 1 user will be multiplied by the number of users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During my scripting with this tool, I've noticed that JMeter always wait for the response of the request to pass to another request. It's like we have 1 user doing the work of multiple users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does any body have explanations about this issue? Can we configure JMeter to perform like we have x users working in // ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8266" LastActivityDate="2014-10-04T10:44:08.003" Title="Test Duration when we execute JMeter Test with 1 user and more" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9860" CreationDate="2014-10-03T11:53:45.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know jmeter doesn't work in a sequential order. What jmeter does is, it takes all the requests and send them to the server/host all at the same time. So if you have configured it for 3 users making 1 http(s) request, that is 3*1 http(s) requests will be sent to the server/host all simultaneously and then it will wait for the response!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T11:53:45.280" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2014-10-03T15:16:25.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature&lt;/strong&gt; is something that the user perceives as a benefit. Something that can be called out in a brochure bullet point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Function&lt;/strong&gt; is something that gets done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, features use one or more functions. For instance, &quot;undo&quot; is a feature. It is a cross-cutting concern, and is actually composed of many tens or hundreds of individual &quot;undo&quot; functions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8068" LastActivityDate="2014-10-03T15:16:25.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9847" CreationDate="2014-10-04T04:42:56.170" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To check that cells in excel sheet contain values between 1 and 6 do the following,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select all the cells that you want to check.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the header of excel click in Conditional Formatting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the drop down menu that appears click on new rule.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A New Formatting Rule window will appear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select rule type - Format only cells that contain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now look at the edit rule description section.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Format only cells with section leave first 2 options selected as Cell Value and Between.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the next 2 fields insert 1 and 6.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In preview click on Format button.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the Format Cells window select color of your choice and click OK button.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click OK button in New Formatting Rule and all the cells with values between 1 and 6 will get colored with your selected color!!!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-04T04:42:56.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9847" CreationDate="2014-10-04T07:29:12.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fastest way to check if all cells have a value between 1 and 6 is to use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://office.microsoft.com/en-001/excel-help/count-numbers-greater-than-or-less-than-a-number-HP003056117.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;COUNTIF&lt;/a&gt; function. Put it somewhere in your sheet, update the range and verify it returns 0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=COUNTIF(A1:Z1000,&quot;&amp;gt;6&quot;)&#xA;=COUNTIF(A1:Z1000,&quot;&amp;lt;1&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if the result is higher than 0, use the coloring technic in the answer of Milinpatel17 to find the cells that are off. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-10-04T07:29:12.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9860" CreationDate="2014-10-04T10:44:08.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The options to precisely set desired throughput are in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/UltimateThreadGroup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ultimate Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; (available via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt;) provides easy visual way of defining virtual users ramp-up, ramp-down and time to hold the load. 3 users per hour will look like &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KH1Y0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ultimate Thread Group&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; allows to set target load in &quot;requests per minute&quot; so if you want 3 requests per second put 180 in &quot;Target Throughput&quot; input. In this case test duration can be limited via Thread Group &quot;Scheduler&quot; functionality or using a parent &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Runtime_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Runtime Controller&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s3arW.png&quot; alt=&quot;Constant Throughput Timer&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-10-04T10:44:08.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9867" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-05T09:43:17.387" Score="0" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;p&gt;As part of our final year project we are planning to work on a efficient technique to improve the Regression testing phase.In most of the papers i've read they've used a Tool &quot;DejaVu&quot; to find out the modification traversing test cases and few papers have also used a tool TestTube.I've been searching over the net for these tools but couldn't find them.Can some one give me pointers as to where i can find these tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8898" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T10:46:14.560" Title="Tools For Regression Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-12-04T14:40:59.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9858" CreationDate="2014-10-05T17:19:28.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Few more notes on top of Neils Answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Environment Setup using Cloud Infrastructure&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load generation in cloud for on premises application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load generator on premises, application on cloud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Both load generator and application both on cloud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Load Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flood IO - &lt;a href=&quot;https://flood.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://flood.io/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadFocus - &lt;a href=&quot;https://loadfocus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://loadfocus.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Security Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;NTOSpider - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ntobjectives.com/security-software/ntospider-application-security-scanner/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ntobjectives.com/security-software/ntospider-application-security-scanner/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Burp Proxy - &lt;a href=&quot;http://portswigger.net/burp/proxy.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://portswigger.net/burp/proxy.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-10-05T17:19:28.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9830" CreationDate="2014-10-05T17:31:03.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Great Answers, Adding few more pointers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With basic coding knowledge and design basics we will be curious to know selenium specific approach for (iterating tables, uploading files)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium tips you should sign-up to understand know-how using Selenium. Identify to-do items for (beginner, intermediate, advanced). Often I have observed learning is useful when it comes with on-job tasks. Find opportunities in your job where you can use selenium to automate your manual steps. Try simple cases before targeting large workflows&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Find a mentor, Its difficult to find all answers through SQA or other portals. You may not receive positive reply from industry experts for all your questions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are lot of resources but consistent learning and reducing time for blockers becomes the key for quick learning. Keep learning it as a continuous task not just for your job related aspects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seleniumtests.com, Try coding simple examples and start preparing your own script repository, Download, execute, modify scripts. I recommend Selenium Simplified book. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More Detailed Answer - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6095/manual-tester-wanting-to-get-into-automation/6097#6097&quot;&gt;Manual tester wanting to get into automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T03:30:13.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9867" CreationDate="2014-10-06T02:12:26.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some tools for you ;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium - &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Watir - &lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://watir.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DejaVu - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.org/package/dejavu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.npmjs.org/package/dejavu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T02:12:26.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9770" CreationDate="2014-10-06T03:59:05.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;True to edit user3783352's answer but got some permission error. So here is the content of the post referred to in that answer-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package &amp;lt;Your Package&amp;gt;;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;public class CheckLinks {&#xA;public static int invalidLink;&#xA;String currentLink;&#xA;String temp;&#xA;public static int responsecode;&#xA;public static boolean isValid = false;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException&#xA;{&#xA;// Launch The Browser&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;// Enter Url&#xA;driver.get(“&amp;lt;URLre&amp;gt;”);&#xA;&#xA;//Check css &amp;amp; favicon&#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; no = driver.findElements(By.tagName(“link”));&#xA;int nooflinks = no.size();&#xA;System.out.println(“Total CSS &amp;amp; Favicon Icons: ” + nooflinks);&#xA;for (WebElement pagelink : no)&#xA;{&#xA;String linktext = pagelink.getText();&#xA;String link = pagelink.getAttribute(“href”);&#xA;URL u = new URL(link);&#xA;HttpURLConnection h = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();&#xA;h.setRequestMethod(“GET”);&#xA;h.connect();&#xA;int responsecode = h.getResponseCode();&#xA;System.out.println(linktext+”\t” + link + “\t” + “Response Code: ” + responsecode);&#xA;//System.out.println(link);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;catch (Exception e)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//Check Javascripts&#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; no = driver.findElements(By.tagName(“script”));&#xA;int nooflinks = no.size();&#xA;System.out.println(“Total Javascripts: ” + nooflinks);&#xA;for (WebElement pagelink : no)&#xA;{&#xA;String linktext = pagelink.getText();&#xA;String link = pagelink.getAttribute(“src”);&#xA;URL u = new URL(link);&#xA;HttpURLConnection h = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();&#xA;h.setRequestMethod(“GET”);&#xA;h.connect();&#xA;int responsecode = h.getResponseCode();&#xA;System.out.println(linktext+”\t” + link + “\t” + “Response Code: ” + responsecode);&#xA;//System.out.println(link);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;catch (Exception e)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//Check Images&#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; no = driver.findElements(By.tagName(“img”));&#xA;int nooflinks = no.size();&#xA;System.out.println(“Total Images: ” + nooflinks);&#xA;for (WebElement pagelink : no)&#xA;{&#xA;String linktext = pagelink.getAttribute(“alt”);&#xA;String link = pagelink.getAttribute(“src”);&#xA;URL u = new URL(link);&#xA;HttpURLConnection h = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();&#xA;h.setRequestMethod(“GET”);&#xA;h.connect();&#xA;int responsecode = h.getResponseCode();&#xA;System.out.println(linktext+”\t” + link + “\t” + “Response Code: ” + responsecode);&#xA;//System.out.println(link);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;catch (Exception e)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//Check hyperlinks.&#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; no = driver.findElements(By.tagName(“a”));&#xA;int nooflinks = no.size();&#xA;System.out.println(“Total hyperlinks: ” + nooflinks);&#xA;for (WebElement pagelink : no)&#xA;{&#xA;String linktext = pagelink.getText();&#xA;String link = pagelink.getAttribute(“href”);&#xA;URL u = new URL(link);&#xA;HttpURLConnection h = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();&#xA;h.setRequestMethod(“GET”);&#xA;h.connect();&#xA;int responsecode = h.getResponseCode();&#xA;System.out.println(linktext+”\t” + link + “\t” + “Response Code: ” + responsecode);&#xA;//System.out.println(link);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;catch (Exception e)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;System.out.println(“— End of Test —“);&#xA;&#xA;driver.close();&#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I can easily check broken links on a web page with this piece of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T04:53:45.500" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T04:53:45.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15841" CreationDate="2014-10-06T09:57:00.317" Score="1" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;http://eclipse.org/jubula/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jubula&lt;/a&gt; 8.0 (Eclipse Feature 2.3) and I've turned on the 'Track changes' check-box for a project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where can I see the changes that anyone made?&#xA;Is there a CVS/SVN-styled View in Eclipse to track those or it's only traceable from a table in the database?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8893" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T12:51:37.800" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T08:13:50.837" Title="Display tracked changes in Jubula" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;jubula&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9873" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9957" CreationDate="2014-10-06T12:01:42.470" Score="0" ViewCount="257" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm just getting started with selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package selenium;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import java.util.logging.Logger;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class SeleniumWebPage {&#xA;&#xA;    private final static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(SeleniumWebPage.class.getName());&#xA;    private final LinkFacade lf = new LinkFacade();&#xA;&#xA;    public SeleniumWebPage() {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void processLinks() {&#xA;        List&amp;lt;Link&amp;gt; links = lf.getAll();&#xA;        for (Link l : links) {&#xA;            processLink(l);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private void processLink(Link l) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();  //don't display&#xA;        driver.get(l.getLink());&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(9, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        String s = driver.getPageSource();&#xA;        log.info(s);&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently it's not really possible, or at least not quite the same, to run a &quot;headless&quot; version of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an event, Does this give all the javascript from the live page?  Optimally, I would like to click links, fill in fields, etc, and then log, as above, any changes to the console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to achieve this with &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to click links, fill in fields and so forth, it's necessary to build some logic to parse the HTML elements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8900" LastEditorUserId="8900" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T12:10:45.620" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T14:54:04.073" Title="automating selenium 101" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9874" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9880" CreationDate="2014-10-06T14:20:13.480" Score="6" ViewCount="2316" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want learn Soapui or Rest Service Testing, so could you please let me know which one is good for me? as per your knowledge/Experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before today I discussed the same with my colleagues, some people said Soap and some Rest. So to avoid this confusion I am posting my query here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;As per me both are good, but I want to learn only one.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to learn basics and I do not have change to apply it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Expected:&lt;/em&gt; Please suggest me which one I need to learn for my future and also tutorials for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note:&lt;/em&gt; Right now I have knowledge on Soapui (Only - Creating project, Creating test case, Creating test suite, Creating  assert (Only-contains)). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your suggestions are valuable for me.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8877" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-10-06T15:41:33.793" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T08:59:19.647" Title="Soapui or Rest Service Testing? and where I can find good Soapui and rest service testing tutorials?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9875" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-06T14:46:39.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;an Eclipse based automated functional GUI testing framework for Java and HTML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-10-07T04:12:43.027" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T04:12:43.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9876" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-06T14:46:39.133" Score="0" Body="an Eclipse based automated functional GUI testing framework for Java and HTML" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-10-07T04:12:28.890" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T04:12:28.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9830" CreationDate="2014-10-06T14:55:06.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The place to start is the Selenium IDE. This is a Firefox plugin that allows you to capture a sequence of interactions using the Firefox browser. Once you stop recording, you then store the recorded steps as a test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Selenium IDE allows you to play back the test case that you recorded earlier. You will get a sequence of steps replaying in the log This will introduce you to some concepts of timing and state. You will find that you have to edit the Selenium test case to insert delays and wait for certain kinds of properties of the pages under test. For instance, when you click a button, you will need to wait for the new page to load and check that it loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will note that the Selenium IDE &quot;programming language&quot; is very limited, composed of just a series of command verbs and testing predicates. There is no looping, or any real conditionals. However, you can create some very useful tests with just this set of tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE allows you to organize your test cases into a test suite. This is a sequence of cases, each stored in its own file, that is referenced from the test suite file. You can then run the test suite file from the Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With these steps mastered, you will have learned a number of important things about using Selenium: how to write tests that are repeatable, reliable and maintainable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step is to use a plugin within Selenium IDE that will generate Java (or Ruby or Python or C#) code to invoke Selenium in several different test drivers. The resultant code can then be compiled and run under JUnit or TestNG and give you the same results as you got running under the Selenium plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you have a base of working code that you can start to learn to modify, to add loops and conditionals and to begin the process of engineering your testing code to meet your other requirements. You can refactor parts into page testing patterns, link together tests, make your tests more sophisticated, all based on working, good code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8068" LastActivityDate="2014-10-06T14:55:06.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9874" CreationDate="2014-10-06T19:38:39.273" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for tutorials on SoapUI, sadly the majority of them are sub-par at best and out of date. If you want to learn SoapUI the best option is likely to jump in feet first and hit the ground running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My background is primarily API testing, with a specialty with SoapUI and Groovy, so I will try and give some hints and pointers to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;SoapUI's core only transmits data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In it's core, all SoapUI does is open up a socket and sends and receives a request. This is an extremely simple concept that once you understand, it will make your life a lot easier. The ability to change this request on the fly is where SoapUI becomes difficult. This is where the scripting language, groovy, comes into play.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Groovy is Java's little brother&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning Java will drastically improve your skillset with SoapUI's groovy scripting language. The majority of the skill with SoapUI is in the Groovy scripting, so if you want to become an expert in API testing and SoapUI, learn Java and Groovy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Learn APIs inside and out&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn all about APIs. A decent place to start is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/Dojo/overview.html&quot;&gt;SoapUI API Dojo&lt;/a&gt;. It covers a brief overview of APIs and the future of them. The second step I would take would be developing a very basic API using Java or C# in order to learn how APIs work and the type of code that is being developed for them. Also, if you use Java, this will strengthen your Groovy skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Leverage the SoapUI API&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leveraging the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/apidocs/overview-summary.html&quot;&gt;SoapUI API&lt;/a&gt; for information and learning how to google it will become extremely beneficial. They use a rather odd but easy to understand naming convention that will make it a little bit easier to navigate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Learn by using SoapUI Source&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an open source project, you can import SoapUI into Java projects and dig through the source code. By importing into a Java project this will give you a better intellisense style functionality and allow for you to understand the objects within the scripting language a lot easier. Afterwards, you can easily convert the majority of Java projects into Groovy script and use them in SoapUI's groovy directly, build add ons or even run it directly from a Java project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Become an active member on the SoapUI forums&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And last but definitely not least, be active on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.soapui.org/&quot;&gt;SoapUI forums&lt;/a&gt;. Both asking and answering questions. My name there is PaulM, feel free to contact me if you ever need anything, but first ask questions and become familiar with the site. This will lead to a lot more experience than most anything else can give you in API testing since you will be helping and reading a variety of different problems and solutions that other people have ran into with SoapUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;And some references that will help you get started&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/REST-Testing/getting-started.html&quot;&gt;SoapUI's Rest Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learnsoapui.wordpress.com/&quot;&gt;LearnSoapUI Blog&lt;/a&gt; &amp;lt;-- Very useful for scripting help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://olensmar.blogspot.com/&quot;&gt;Ole Lensmar's (CTO of Smartbear) Blog&lt;/a&gt; &amp;lt;---- Very useful for Plugin development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webservice-testing.blogspot.com/p/groovy-scripts.html&quot;&gt;Example Groovy Scripts&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-10-07T12:56:49.663" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T12:56:49.663" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9881" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-06T23:18:18.587" Score="1" ViewCount="2788" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently researching test case management tools for my company; I'd like to give my development team visibility into what the testing status is, and also I'd like to have some accountability regarding regression testing. We are  small shop and need a tool to help manage mostly manual test cases, but eventually would like to do more functional automation.  Currently, we are looking at TestRail, QMetry, Zehpyr, and QAComplete amount others. I'm looking for some good feedback regarding these tools.  Please tell me your pros and cons and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8472" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-10-14T16:02:01.877" LastActivityDate="2021-02-05T14:14:36.663" Title="I'm researching Test Case Management tools for my company. I'd love to hear pros and cons of your favorites and why" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9881" CreationDate="2014-10-07T04:23:34.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have evaluated testrail, spiratest earlier. My analysis is available in link &lt;a href=&quot;http://sqlandsiva.blogspot.sg/2010/08/evaluating-test-case-management-tool.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sqlandsiva.blogspot.sg/2010/08/evaluating-test-case-management-tool.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sqlandsiva.blogspot.com/2014/10/testrail-tcm-tool.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sqlandsiva.blogspot.com/2014/10/testrail-tcm-tool.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testrail I can share my learning's if any questions. Good Reading Notes I referred / collected for evaluating test case management tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sysgears.com/articles/tools-battle-spiratest-testrail-and-testlodge/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sysgears.com/articles/tools-battle-spiratest-testrail-and-testlodge/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lloydrodenconsultancy.com/files/Cheap%20and%20Free%20Tools.xls&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.lloydrodenconsultancy.com/files/Cheap%20and%20Free%20Tools.xls&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gerbenvanadrichem.com/quality-assurance/testcase-managementmy-favorite-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gerbenvanadrichem.com/quality-assurance/testcase-managementmy-favorite-tools/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2014-10-19T21:07:18.177" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T21:07:18.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9867" CreationDate="2014-10-07T06:49:23.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;And here are a couple of others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T06:49:23.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9884" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-07T07:27:48.550" Score="0" ViewCount="881" Body="&lt;p&gt;During my experience in Quality Assurance, especially automation testing, I have experienced two functional test tools(QTP and Selenium). In fact, I have noticed that Selenium have more strong points than QTP or it's much more dedicated for complicated web application. But still have one weak point  : &quot;Test Reports&quot;. For me, I find a big problem in generating reports related to Selenium Test. Otherwise, I find it very easy using QTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, What's the best appropriate method used by Selenium Testers to generate tests reports?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8266" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T11:20:04.413" Title="Selenium Reporting" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9884" CreationDate="2014-10-07T08:21:45.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Imen: I know below mentioned reporting techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And more important is how you want your reports (Line by line/step by step execution report, class/method level report, etc..?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What's the best appropriate method used by Selenium Testers to generate tests reports?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium will support multiple reports generation techniques. Testers will be using different reporting techniques. The reports generation depend/based on the tester (If no specific requirement is from client/customer end), client requirement/request, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ex 1: You can use Log4j&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sample code:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DOMConfigurator.configure(&quot;log4j.xml&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Log.startTestCase(&quot;TestCase_001 Started&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;Log.info(&quot;New driver instantiated&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;Log.info(&quot;Implicit wait applied on the driver for 10 seconds&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;For more details refer this link:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/testng-reporting/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ex 2: You can use TestRunner&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;//This result object has many methods and it is very useful&#xA;&#xA;//Type result and press dot, all the methods will display&#xA;&#xA;//This statement is to load all type of results in the result object&#xA;&#xA;Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(TestRunnerClass.class);&#xA;&#xA;//Here it is getting the run count from the result object&#xA;&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Total number of tests: &quot; + result.getRunCount());&#xA;//This is to get the failure count from the result object&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Total number of tests failed: &quot; + result.getFailureCount());&#xA;//This is to get the time count from the result object&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Total time of tests: &quot; + result.getRunTime());&#xA;&#xA;for(Failure failure : result.getFailures())&#xA;{    &#xA;//This will print message only in case of failure&#xA;System.out.println(failure.getMessage());&#xA;}&#xA;//This will print the overall test result in boolean type&#xA;System.out.println(result.wasSuccessful());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ex 3: Using .xml file&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sample Code:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA; import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;&#xA; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;&#xA; import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA; import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;&#xA; public class TestClass1 {&#xA;&#xA; protected static WebDriver wd;&#xA;&#xA; protected static String result;&#xA;&#xA; @BeforeClass&#xA;&#xA; public static void setup()  {&#xA;&#xA; wd = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA; wd.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; @Test&#xA;&#xA; void Testcase1() {&#xA;&#xA; wd.get(&quot;http://www.floraindia.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; wd.findElement(By.id(&quot;kwsch&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Red&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@src='images/go.gif']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA; result = wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//font[text()='Total Items :']//following::td[1]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&#xA; Assert.assertEquals(result, &quot;115&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA; @Test&#xA;&#xA; void Testcase2() {&#xA;&#xA; wd.get(&quot;http://www.floraindia.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; wd.findElement(By.id(&quot;kwsch&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Blue&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@src='images/go.gif']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA; result = wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//font[text()='Total Items  :']//following::td[1]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&#xA;  Assert.assertEquals(result, &quot;13&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA; @AfterClass&#xA;&#xA; public static void teardown()  {&#xA;&#xA; wd.close();&#xA;&#xA; wd.quit();&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;.XML file sample:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;My sample Suite&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Search test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;TestClass1&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;For more details:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.faichi.com/blog/automated-selenium-testing-framework-using-testng-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7002" LastEditorUserId="7002" LastEditDate="2014-10-07T08:57:37.613" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T08:57:37.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-07T09:38:27.100" Score="0" ViewCount="6863" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm navigating to a webpage using Firefox driver. The page is loaded correctly but I'm getting this exception and the test crashes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Timed out waiting for page load&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried to add some &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep();&lt;/code&gt; and explicit waits but still getting the same error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a work-around to get rid of this problem??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7262" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2014-10-14T07:43:17.797" LastActivityDate="2015-05-24T17:32:20.427" Title="Loading page generates exception 'Timed out waiting for page load'" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9886" CreationDate="2014-10-07T09:42:22.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried to use WaitForReadyState? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt; /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        /// Waits the state of for ready within 30 sec.&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        public void WaitForReadyState()&#xA;        {&#xA;            var state = string.Empty;&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                var wait = new WrapperSeleniumWait(this, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;                wait.Until(wrapper =&amp;gt;&#xA;                {&#xA;                    state = JSExecutor.ExecuteScript(@&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).ToString();&#xA;                    return state.Equals(&quot;complete&quot;, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);&#xA;                }&#xA;                    );&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (WebDriverException)&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (WindowHandles.Count != 1) return;&#xA;                SwitchToWindow(WindowHandles[0]);&#xA;                state = JSExecutor.ExecuteScript(@&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).ToString();&#xA;                if (!(state.Equals(&quot;complete&quot;, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))) throw;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8909" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-10-14T16:01:46.573" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T16:01:46.573" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9874" CreationDate="2014-10-07T12:00:13.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;PackT Publishing also sell a SoapUi book that is quite in-depth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7405" LastActivityDate="2014-10-07T12:00:13.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9890" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-07T20:46:58.937" Score="3" ViewCount="2489" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to do integration between Testlink in this version - 1.9.10 and Mantis. I'm a bit lost. Has someone done it or has any idea how to carry out this? &#xA;Thanks a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8915" LastEditorUserId="2981" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T10:58:30.127" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T10:58:30.127" Title="Integration TestLink with Mantis" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;mantis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9890" CreationDate="2014-10-08T05:57:54.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check the configuration example. For me this was OK with configuration &lt;code&gt;(Issue tracker management Type: mantis (Interface: soap))&lt;/code&gt;, but I have a &quot;standard Mantis installation&quot;, as shown in the example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;issuetracker&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;username&amp;gt;[my username, not a e-mail]&amp;lt;/username&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;password&amp;gt;[my password]&amp;lt;/password&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;uribase&amp;gt;http://mantis.slavaqa.pp.ua/&amp;lt;/uribase&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Configure This if you want be able TO CREATE ISSUES --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;project&amp;gt;Money House&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;category&amp;gt;[All Projects] Bug&amp;lt;/category&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/issuetracker&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-08T10:50:18.777" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T10:50:18.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9897" CreationDate="2014-10-08T06:11:36.847" Score="0" ViewCount="13915" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got stuck to write the code in WebDriver. I have the code below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn&quot; onclick=&quot;javascript:return PopulateInvestor('hdnInvestorId', 'txtInvestorName', 'txtInvestorEmail', '', '', '', '', '',false,'hdnInvestorName','hdnInvestorEmail');&quot;&amp;gt;Select&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this I wrote the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;        &#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;document.getElement(By.xpath(\&quot;//div[@class='modal-footer']/button[@onclick'return javascript:return PopulateInvestor('hdnInvestorId', 'txtInvestorName', 'txtInvestorEmail', '', '', '', '', '',false,'hdnInvestorName','hdnInvestorEmail');']\&quot;).click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still it could not identify element and could not click the button.&#xA;I can see there is select button present at the end of the code but don't know how to use it. Please advise for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="8925" LastEditDate="2014-10-08T13:38:56.260" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T10:14:23.363" Title="Selenium, cannot find button to click" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9895" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-08T09:18:28.063" Score="0" ViewCount="4373" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a new project i want to start automating tests using Selenium. I'm going with Java as the object that has to be tested is a Java application. In my company most people use either Netbeans or Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your experience, which IDE is more suited for Selenium webdriver: Netbeans or Eclipse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8923" LastActivityDate="2014-10-12T01:56:45.827" Title="Selenium (Java): Which IDE to use; Eclipse or Netbeans" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9895" CreationDate="2014-10-08T09:33:44.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It makes no difference. Both support JUnit and TestNG as testing framework. They also support Maven and Ant as build tools. In my view, all important things to develop automated test cases with Selenium 2 / WebDriver are present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience is, that NetBeans needs more time (just seconds) to start and use a little bit more memory. But seriously: it's hardly noticeable. I am sure that you find more specific comparison in the web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is your personal decision which appeals to you more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-10-08T09:44:24.647" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T09:44:24.647" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9893" CreationDate="2014-10-08T10:05:13.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@class='btn' and contains(@onclick,'PopulateInvestor')]&quot;));&#xA;element.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The driver search for the element on this way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;element has attribute &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; and the value of this is &lt;code&gt;btn&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;element has attribute &lt;code&gt;onclick&lt;/code&gt; and the value of this contains the string &lt;code&gt;PopulateInvestor&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the first point is not necessary to identify the element, but I do not know the whole HTML code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T10:05:13.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9643" CreationDate="2014-10-08T12:23:20.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Internet Explorer Dev Team provide a compatibility scanner that should help flag up incompatibilities with modern versions of Internet Explorer:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.modern.ie/en-gb/compat-scan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.modern.ie/en-gb/compat-scan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to run the tool from an intranet, here's the open source version:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/InternetExplorer/modern.IE-static-code-scan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/InternetExplorer/modern.IE-static-code-scan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's plenty more info and tools available on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.modern.ie/en-gb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Modern.IE website&lt;/a&gt;, including VMs for all possible combinations of IE versions (6+) and Windows versions (XP+).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of testing approach, I concur with Peter's response to this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8724" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T12:23:20.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9901" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9902" CreationDate="2014-10-08T12:58:31.190" Score="21" ViewCount="61929" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in learning selenium Webdriver. I am not able to understand how page object and factory models works and how it can be beneficial? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly help me explain it with detailed explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8926" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:37:51.353" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:37:51.353" Title="How to Implement Page Object and Page Factory Pattern in Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="9902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9901" CreationDate="2014-10-08T13:27:57.453" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PageObjects&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code of automated test cases should be easy to understand and not too complex. If a test fails, we want to know why and this as soon as possible. To allow this exists PageObjects. PageObjects are classes that contains WebElements and every actions associated with those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A PageObject looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class HomePage {&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    public HomePage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Find a single element&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;home-menu-entry&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement homeMenuEntry;&#xA;&#xA;    public void clickHomeMenuEntry() {&#xA;        homeMenuEntry.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Find several elements&#xA;    @FindBy(className=&quot;menu-entry&quot;)&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; menuEntries;&#xA;&#xA;   // More actions and elements&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usage of PageFactory and PageObject&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class TestSomething {&#xA;&#xA;    public void testMethod() {&#xA;&#xA;        // Initial driver.&#xA;&#xA;        // Use PageFactory to init elements.&#xA;        HomePage hp = PageFactory.initElements(driver, HomePage.class);&#xA;&#xA;        // Use PageObject to execute action.&#xA;        hp.clickHomeMenuEntry();&#xA;&#xA;        // Assertions or more actions.&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also can put the &lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements();&lt;/code&gt; into the constructor and create just an &lt;code&gt;HomePage&lt;/code&gt; object instead of calling the &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Important:&lt;/strong&gt; If you call &lt;code&gt;initElements()&lt;/code&gt; all elements will be initialized, not later if you use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to organize this?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do the following: Each page has a PageObject, that represent these. But some components of a page are present on many pages. For this case I create for each component additional classes. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Header.class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Footer.class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HomePage.class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ContactPage.class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Useful Links&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageFactory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageFactory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Design-Patterns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Design-Patterns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T19:37:09.420" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T19:37:09.420" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-08T14:02:02.817" Score="6" ViewCount="31111" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to set my browser locale by doing the following &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()&#xA;options.add_argument('--lang=es')&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_location, chrome_options=options)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I browse to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;google&lt;/a&gt; the site is still displayed in english. &#xA;Am I setting the &lt;code&gt;&quot;--lang&quot;&lt;/code&gt; option wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7601" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T09:53:28.773" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T10:35:57.350" Title="How to set browser locale with chromedriver (Python)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9904" CreationDate="2014-10-08T16:40:59.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The same thing happens when I switch Chrome's default language. There are two solutions I can think of - manually add the Accept-Language: es header, or go directly to Google's Spanish version of the homepage - driver.get(&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://google.es&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://google.es&lt;/a&gt;&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8846" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T16:40:59.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9008" CreationDate="2014-10-08T19:25:52.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After reading the answers I feel this is an important distinction to point out. 'Unit testing' and 'Checking parameters in your code' are two distinct things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is checking the parameters&lt;/strong&gt;. My method checks there aren't null values before it does something invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It documents assumptions you made in the method, enforces them, and fails fast. It's thing that's good to do with far more than null values. Also if they're distinct enough to be separately tested, their distinct enough to be reused separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the answer to the body of the question (should you check parameters) is yes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void Foo(string myString){ &#xA;    Guard.IsNotNull(myString);&#xA;    return foo.ToUpper();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is unit testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void Foo(string myString){ &#xA;    return foo.ToUpper();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;[ExpectedException(typeof(NullReferenceException),&quot;It went bang&quot;)]&#xA;public void TestWithNulls()&#xA;{&#xA;   SomeClass.Foo(null);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That wasn't terribly useful. Don't do that here. Unless you feel it's a key part of the functionality that the method goes bang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastActivityDate="2014-10-08T19:25:52.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9908" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9909" CreationDate="2014-10-09T06:26:47.000" Score="2" ViewCount="6856" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to REST-Api testing. i am getting started with Rest-Assured for Rest-Api testing. i am having an issue in my first ever testcase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testGetSingleUser() {&#xA;      expect().&#xA;        statusCode(200).&#xA;        body(&#xA;          &quot;email&quot;, equals(&quot;test@hascode.com&quot;),&#xA;          &quot;firstName&quot;, equals(&quot;Tim&quot;),&#xA;          &quot;lastName&quot;, equals(&quot;Testerman&quot;),&#xA;          &quot;id&quot;, equals(&quot;1&quot;)).&#xA;        when().&#xA;        get(&quot;/service/single-user&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this code the &lt;code&gt;expect().&lt;/code&gt; command is not working. I need to fix this issue quickly and move on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-08-13T15:29:31.530" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T06:06:54.957" Title="Getting started with Rest-Assured for REST-Api Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9908" CreationDate="2014-10-09T07:16:22.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Updated Answer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to import the &lt;code&gt;RestAssured&lt;/code&gt; class incl. method as static.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import static com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured.expect;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you call the method on this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;RestAssured.expect()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Useful Links&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rest-assured.googlecode.com/svn/tags/2.3.1/apidocs/com/jayway/restassured/RestAssured.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java Doc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/rest-assured/wiki/GettingStarted&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Getting started&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-10-09T08:15:38.173" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T08:15:38.173" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9922" CreationDate="2014-10-09T07:29:21.050" Score="0" ViewCount="3125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use modify_headers extension (because this feature will &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=141&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;never be added to Webdriver&lt;/a&gt;) but without success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Profile.new&#xA;&#xA;@profile.add_extension('extensions/modify_headers-0.7.1.1-fx.xpi')&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.config.active'] = true&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.config.alwaysOn'] = true&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.config.openNewTab'] = true&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.config.migrated'] = true&#xA;&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.count'] = 1&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.action0'] = 'Add'&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.name0'] = 'some_name'&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.value0'] = 'some_value'&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.enabled0'] = true&#xA;&#xA;@browser = Selenium::WebDriver::Driver.for :firefox, :profile =&amp;gt; @profile&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I navigate to some page I see it as if I didn't modify header.&#xA;What was wrong with this code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8338" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T04:55:54.100" Title="How to use modify_headers extension for Firefox via Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9912" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-09T09:06:33.673" Score="0" ViewCount="1936" Body="&lt;p&gt;can someone give me a program which has bugs for practice. I already have a strong theoretical knowledge and now i would like to use this knowledge in practice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T13:03:28.767" Title="Software with bugs for practice." Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9912" CreationDate="2014-10-09T11:20:27.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many open source projects are actively looking for help with their projects, one aspect wanting help is for bug fixing. Rather that looking for examples for practice you could find a real project in an application that interests you and help them to fix real bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A web search for terms such as &quot;open source help wanted&quot; will find many projects plus ideas on how to find projects wanting help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T11:20:27.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9914" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-09T12:23:50.323" Score="3" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know that if I want to represent myself as a good functional tester then in that case what points do I consider telling the recruiter? Because last time I had this interview and i got a feedback that I was very good and enthusiastic but they got a person who was technically more sound!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3145" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T09:15:13.207" Title="How to make good impression as a functional tester in front of recruiter/employer" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9912" CreationDate="2014-10-09T12:42:09.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Signup with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;uTest&lt;/a&gt; (THE PROFESSIONAL NETWORK FOR TESTERS), they have some example projects for you to look at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you succesfull pass the &quot;test&quot; project, then you will be offered paid testing cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly its website testing, but I have done mobile app testing and such :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T12:42:09.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9916" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9920" CreationDate="2014-10-09T15:56:22.273" Score="1" ViewCount="1854" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been running into a problem with the C# selenium bindings decribed here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22322596/&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22322596/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where a timeout exception is thrown occasionally while running my selenium tests.  The tests are all written using spec flow, and I would love to have a way to catch that exception and have the test return as Inconclusive (instead of failed) for that particular exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of a way to wrap each spec flow scenario in a try catch block? Is that possible to do?  Or a way to automatically catch this exception without having to wrap each individual step definition in a try catch block?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T21:39:13.790" Title="Wrap specflow scenario within try-catch" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9914" CreationDate="2014-10-09T16:16:39.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently hired on with a new company and wondered about this as well.  After speaking with my former and current supervisors, I got the following advice and followed it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know what you're talking about.&#xA;Assuming the person interviewing you is a Test Manager or experienced tester, they know what they are looking for.  They're ears will be open for key words and your ability to explain concepts and definitions.  That's not to say that you have to know everything, but you should be able to explain concepts of testing based on your experience.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep in mind, not all testing jargon and processes are the same across companies&#xA;In my interviews, I recognized this, and simply stated, &quot;In my experience . . .,&quot;.  Any experience hiring manager will know that things are different across companies and won't judge your testing skills simply based on the fact that they don't line up with what their company does.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be honest&#xA;I found this to be an ice breaker as well.  If the person asked something about something I wasn't experienced in, I didn't stumble around and try to make up an answer.  I said I didn't know.  But, if I could, I would add in how I had contributed to something. For example, as a functional tester, you may not have actually written the use case which was used for your test script, but maybe you were involved in the design sessions.  You want to show, in as much as you can be honest, that you may not know specifics, but you have a good solid idea on the process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask hard questions to the interviewer&#xA;Asking them questions which may put them on the spot (how do manage tight deadlines?  how do you cope with stressful situations? etc.) are uncommon and show you really care about the work and the environment.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't be afraid to say &quot;let me think about that&quot;.&#xA;Although there will be silence, it lets you calm down and really think about what you do and do not know and formulate a solid answer.  This also shows them you're not hasty.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's what helped me.  Freshen up on your skills and learn from each interview.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8938" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-10-17T09:15:13.207" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T09:15:13.207" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-09T19:33:05.487" Score="5" ViewCount="2260" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many testers reflexively clear the browser cache before running a test on a web application. Yet, we cannot necessarily expect that actual users of the application will approach it with a clean cache in production, and it would be desirable to verify that the application still works well in the presence of cached items. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When and why should web application testers clear the browser cache prior to a test, and when should they leave the cache uncleared?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8940" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-09T19:58:07.363" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T11:54:50.513" Title="When should you clear the browser cache?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9918" CreationDate="2014-10-09T19:57:30.130" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test code cycles much faster than production code, and it's not uncommon for there to be major changes to how an application works during the early stages of its development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearing the cache ensures (mostly - server-side caching can cause problems) that the tester is looking at the code they &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; they're looking at. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I typically don't clear cache before manual testing - I expect the coders I'm working with to have the correct flags in their code to minimize caching issues. If I don't see what I expect, I'll clear cache and retry. This method also alerts me to any potential problems deployment could cause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation, I always clear cache before starting so the code I'm running against is the code I expect to be running against. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Outside those general rules, I look at what the application is supposed to cache and not cache, and adjust what I do with the browser caching depending on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T19:57:30.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9916" CreationDate="2014-10-09T21:31:43.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a workaround for this issue where I can check for the exception after each step using the [AfterStep] binding.  This works for me, and tests that failed are now marked as inconclusive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[AfterStep]&#xA;    public void check()&#xA;    {&#xA;        var exception = ScenarioContext.Current.TestError;&#xA;        if (exception is WebDriverException &#xA;            &amp;amp;&amp;amp; exception.Message.Contains(&quot;The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server for URL &quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.Inconclusive(exception.Message);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully someone finds this helpful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastEditorUserId="8937" LastEditDate="2014-10-09T21:39:13.790" LastActivityDate="2014-10-09T21:39:13.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9914" CreationDate="2014-10-10T03:31:47.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good Inputs Niels. Adding few more pointers &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Highlight your expertise in functional expertise in terms of bugs identified, tools used. Example - Web Service / UI / DB Testing using Tools (Open Source, Commercial), Custom Code &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attempt to solve any problem / test scenario provided during interview. Co-relate this with your past learnings / ask questions when unclear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Highlight your blog / personal notes. Learning is a continuous process. If you bookmark your learning's and share them. Some of your learning's might actually help you indirectly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before the interview, Build a good reputation. Your resume should highlight your exposure in terms of tools, projects, domains worked. Always look forward to expand your skills by continuous learnings / trainings &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Linkedin meaningful recommendations with specific instances / examples will also help people understand about your execution skills&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have passion for your job, you will not work within boundaries. Many times you may have worked in production to troubleshoot issues, identify performance bottleneck issues, Explain these instances to demonstrate your learning's in new areas, working across domains etc. I'm not promoting selling here, I am only referring to be aware of things you have done. Proving yourself in a Interview is not until your are selected but also proving you are a &lt;strong&gt;Good Hire&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2014-10-10T03:37:26.970" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T03:37:26.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9910" CreationDate="2014-10-10T04:55:54.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found which line of code causes this behavior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@profile['modifyheaders.config.migrated'] = true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final variant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@profile.add_extension('support/add_ons/modify_headers-0.7.1.1-fx.xpi')&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.config.active'] = true&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.config.alwaysOn'] = true&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.config.openNewTab'] = true&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.start'] = true&#xA;&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.count'] = 1&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.action0'] = 'Add'&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.name0'] = 'some_name'&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.value0'] = 'some_value'&#xA;@profile['modifyheaders.headers.enabled0'] = true&#xA;&#xA;@browser = Selenium::WebDriver::Driver.for :firefox, :profile =&amp;gt; @profile&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8338" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T04:55:54.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9923" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9932" CreationDate="2014-10-10T06:21:31.130" Score="1" ViewCount="1670" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked in interviews What are direct and indirect scenarios in Testing?. Can anyone put some light on this question. I search on google but do not satisfied with answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7315" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2014-10-11T14:53:55.643" LastActivityDate="2014-10-11T14:53:55.643" Title="Type of direct and indirect Testing in software testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-10T06:44:24.250" Score="0" ViewCount="2570" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got stuck for the below code.it has an edit icon for which code are follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#tradeModal&quot; id=&quot;tradeModalEdit&quot; data-toggle=&quot;modal&quot; class=&quot;pull-right&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 12px;&quot; title=&quot;Edit trade&quot; onclick=&quot;return populateTradeTicketSectionEdit(); ClearTradeModal();&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;icon-edit&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the one for which i coded in selenium :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='#tradeModal'and contains(@id,'tradeModalEdit')]/i[@class='icon-edit']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when i click on save by using below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement saveEditTrade = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='#' and contains(@onclick,'return SaveTradeDetails();')]&quot;)); //code for saving the details in edit trade pop up//&#xA;saveEditTrade.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this works fine but point is when i am clicking on consecutive window edit icon like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#feeModal&quot; data-toggle=&quot;modal&quot; class=&quot;pull-right&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 12px;&quot; title=&quot;Edit fee&quot; onclick=&quot;  return clearFeeModal();&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;icon-edit&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;selenium code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='#feeModal'and contains(@onclick,'clearFeeModal();')]/i[@class='icon-edit']&quot;)).click();//code for saving the details in Edit Fee pop up&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it has other input fields dats okies but my point is execution fails bcuz its showing element is not visible for last edit code that i posted just above line.i can see when data are populating for saving for 1st code at the same time 2nd edit code pops up eventhough i put implicit wait commands or i tried with expected conditions wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please advise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8942" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-10-10T07:37:55.400" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T17:54:16.143" Title="Selenium2 / WebDriver: How to click an &lt;i&gt; element in an &lt;a&gt; element?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5420" CreationDate="2014-10-10T09:38:14.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to upgrade to the latest IEDriverServer: 4.43.xxx:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.43/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.43/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Also you can try both x86 and x64 versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T09:38:14.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9535" CreationDate="2014-10-10T09:46:22.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you capture a screenshot using WebDriver or custom screenshoter ? May be the reason is in bad algorithm of getting screenshots after the test failures.&#xA;Also you can try to update WebDriver to the newest version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T09:46:22.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9485" CreationDate="2014-10-10T09:49:03.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to open this address in browser first to check server is up.&#xA;Also another Web App can be launched or hosted on this address and port.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check Firewall settings, try to disable it and check the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T09:49:03.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9200" CreationDate="2014-10-10T09:54:23.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talking about UI testing you can try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; - great tool which uses image recognition. &#xA;Also it is a lib which can be installed with Sikuli: Tesseract which allows to grab/recognize text.&#xA;It supports Python(Jython), Java, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-10-10T10:58:20.017" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T10:58:20.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6371" CreationDate="2014-10-10T11:01:26.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for me Python helped a lot with tasks which were related to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parsing data files, XML, HTTP, different streams, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network operations, connections, data copying via Network, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Small utilities or helpers for Test Automation Framework:&#xA;a. Configuration of XML files(set some element, update some value, ...) &#xA;b. Gather some metrics from bug tracking / test case management systems&#xA;c. Parsing report files and adding missed information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T11:01:26.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9884" CreationDate="2014-10-10T11:20:04.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talking about JUnit report, both XML and HTML reports can be added by editing Apache Ant build.xml file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test running target:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;target name=&quot;tests&quot; depends= &quot;compile&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;junit printsummary=&quot;yes&quot; haltonfailure=&quot;no&quot; showoutput=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classpath refid=&quot;junit.classpath&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;formatter type=&quot;plain&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;formatter type=&quot;xml&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Report target:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;report&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;junitreport todir=&quot;${junit.output.dir}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${junit.output.dir}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;include name=&quot;TEST-*.xml&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;report format=&quot;noframes&quot; todir=&quot;${junit.output.dir}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/junitreport&amp;gt;   &#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T11:20:04.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9923" CreationDate="2014-10-10T13:34:02.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, it depends on the way the organization defines things - what a particular business considers direct and indirect scenarios could well be different than what you'd expect.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was responding to this question in an interview, I'd start by saying that in my experience direct scenarios are those where the test explicitly exercises the requirement or function being tested, and indirect scenarios are those where the results have to be inferred from the tester's observations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also give some examples, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Direct testing scenario - Date of birth has to be in the format MM/DD/YYYY. To test this, enter date values such as 1/1/11 - (should be invalid or depending on the specifications/use cases converted to 01/01/2011), 20/12/1967 (should be invalid), 12/20/1967 (should be accepted) and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indirect testing scenario - Address will be validated by GIS services. Here you don't actually have access to the services and you may or may not have logging showing the call - but you can enter a real address and one that you know doesn't exist (e.g. a street that is not in the town you enter, or a street number that doesn't exist on that street) and infer that if the page shows a level of confidence indicator for the address that matches your knowledge of the address then the address you entered is being validated as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure you've encountered other examples. These are two simple scenarios I've run into recently - it typically works better in interviews if you give examples from your experience (with confidential information omitted, of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T13:34:02.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9933" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-10T15:16:14.647" Score="3" ViewCount="286" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone recommend some good resources (books, perhaps) to dive into the theory of testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I don't mean &quot;what is a test plan&quot;, but more on the level of &quot;use these techniques to make your tests robust&quot; or the like).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8946" LastActivityDate="2014-10-26T22:17:27.763" Title="Resources to learn about testing theory" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9934" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-10T17:26:25.310" Score="1" ViewCount="470" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to attach an HTML document to any test case that is about to fail. I can do this if I use &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/mb-unit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gallio&lt;/a&gt; test runner, but it doesn't integrate well with Visual Studio or &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_Foundation_Server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TFS&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Microsoft's documentation I can attach files to a manual test case, but they have nothing for automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8948" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2015-12-21T23:34:38.547" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T23:34:38.547" Title="Which .NET test frameworks/runners support attaching files (such as a screenshot) to the test report?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;dot-net&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9914" CreationDate="2014-10-10T19:03:16.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often in interviews, I'm asked &quot;how would you test x, y, z?&quot; and while I didn't plan it, I found myself giving a pretty stock answer each time. I'll start off saying something like this: &quot;It depends - on the features, the requirements, the timeline, and any other relevant factors.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then I'll start laying out specific examples. A web page that changes frequently could get by with manual functionality checks, backed by good production reporting and tracking of errors. A payment REST API is going to want comprehensive parameter checks and injecting various kinds of faults - confident, consistent results are important there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At some point I'll start talking about driving architectural changes to help test, like using an MVC pattern to make business logic more testable. I also ask about their implementations and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can comfortably get through all of that, then you're having a good discussion, you're colleagues, and in general its safe to allow the interview to go organically after that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting a series of detailed technical questions and/or challenges can make this approach difficult to get started - all you can do there is be as educated as possible and hope your knowledge matches their questions. Fortunately this type of question seems to be going out of style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T19:03:16.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-10T19:09:31.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/158053791X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Practitioners Guide&lt;/a&gt; to S/W test design by Lee Copeland &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1580535089&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Systematic S/W Testing&lt;/a&gt; by Rick Craig&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These got me started off learning techniques&#xA;Then start reading stuff by Cem Kaner, James Bach, Jerry Weinberg....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T19:09:31.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9918" CreationDate="2014-10-10T19:11:26.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are entirely correct that clearing the cache makes your test environment artificially different than the standard user scenario. Often, though, testers will value consistent results over strict adherence to the standard environment. Inconsistent failures is the #1 cause of tester hair loss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think its fine as long as you have some kind of testing (customer beta, for example) that does exercise the different environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that you've got me thinking about it, someone should invent a browser plugin that snapshots all the cookies and lets you restore specific, interesting sets of cookies. Then you could have consistency and more realistic environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T19:11:26.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9934" CreationDate="2014-10-10T20:37:02.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a snippet of code you can use to do what you want:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vivekbansod.blogspot.com/2013/06/add-attachment-to-test-case-result.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://vivekbansod.blogspot.com/2013/06/add-attachment-to-test-case-result.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T20:37:02.237" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9807" CreationDate="2014-10-10T20:41:34.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're referring to an alert:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That will dismiss a JavaScript alert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're talking about a pop up that is a part of the application's functionality and it's not working in IE, that's a bug if you're supposed to support IE and that's up to the developer to fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case, a pop up is usually dealt with using window handles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    String parentHandle = driver.getWindowHandle(); // get the current window handle&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='someXpath']&quot;)).click(); // click some link that opens a new window&#xA;&#xA;for (String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(winHandle); // switch focus of WebDriver to the next found window handle (that's your newly opened window)&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//code to do something on new window&#xA;&#xA;driver.close(); // close newly opened window when done with it&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(parentHandle); // switch back to the original window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example was provided in the following thread:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19112209/how-to-handle-the-new-window-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19112209/how-to-handle-the-new-window-in-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're using C# and my examples are in JAVA, but you'll at least know where to begin your search now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8884" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-10-10T20:41:34.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9918" CreationDate="2014-10-11T04:16:14.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most appropriate answer to this is (according to me) - whenever you want to! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You clear cache to get rid of the old CSS and js saved on your local machine (cached), which allows the updates CSS and js to load. When you are testing, the code may get update more frequently and maybe that is why testers clear the cache more often as you have written. Although end users will not do that frequently and testing may not depict the actual user scenario with cache not cleared, but after all testing is always about possibilities and not certainty. You can try and run your software with clearing the cache and see what the result will be like and then compare it with the results received after clearing cache. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any case the final answer will always be - it depends...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-11T04:16:14.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9914" CreationDate="2014-10-11T04:19:54.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way to do this is practice functional testing and master the art. Once you do that you won't need to find back door answers to such stuff. Never try to pose yourself in an interview that you are not, because sooner or later you will get caught and that will affect your job. Learn the art and practice it so well that any question thrown at you on the topic, you will have at least a line or 2 to say! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-11T04:19:54.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9912" CreationDate="2014-10-11T04:21:44.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Join utest and weekend testing. And also there are countless open source projects on sourceforge and github. Download any project and start testing!!! And ya do send your report to the vendor... ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-11T04:21:44.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-11T04:26:09.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Becoming a software testing expert by James Bach &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing computer software by Cem Kaner, Jack Falk &amp;amp; Hung Quoc Nguyen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lateral thinking by Edward de Bono&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lessons learned in software testing by James Bach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perfect software and other illusions of software testing by Jerry Weinberg&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-11T04:26:09.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9895" CreationDate="2014-10-11T11:36:31.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't make much difference in terms of the development or scripting. But I prefer eclipse because netbeans tends to occupy a lot of memory and lower system performance. It seems to hang after a couple of hours. In that sense eclipse is more stable than netbeans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-11T11:36:31.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-11T14:50:23.517" Score="1" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for suggestions from the community to solve below mentioned problem statment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Problem:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My use case is to check how email looks in gmail,yahoo and even in mobile devices. Outlook and other are out of scope for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Solution 1:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can use third party services like litmus and other but they are very expensive and moreover my usage is very less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Solution 2:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can built my own tool service this purpose but follow are the chalenges we will come across.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to keep up with UI changes of the Gmail,Yahoo and other services.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Procuring devices is another challenge&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But i have very good selenium grid cluster including mobile simulators and emulators. The only challenge is to deal with UI changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do any open source project which can help me to keep up with UI changes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your help is appreciated  in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards&#xA;KV&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5266" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T16:17:35.220" Title="Test how email looks in gmail and yahoo and other possbile email clients" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9895" CreationDate="2014-10-12T01:56:45.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Netbeans and Eclipse, you know, they are just an IDE. As far as I know, both of them do not have any official plugin(s) for Selenium, so I agree there isn't any difference. Anyway, consider your experience, I suggest Eclipse for you, because you can find plenty of blogs/web pages(etc.) to help you write test class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8952" LastActivityDate="2014-10-12T01:56:45.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9949" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-10-12T20:03:32.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Team Foundation Server is a complete Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) suite, offered by Microsoft. TFS combines activities such as Source Control Management, Work Item Tracking, Project Management, Build Management, and Reporting into a single product with strong integration points to the Visual Studio and Microsoft Office product lines.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the rich API and extensibility points of TFS allows for custom applications and plug-ins to be created to customize TFS beyond the standard clients and server actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/vstudio/ff637362.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Team Foundation Server Page on MSDN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_Foundation_Server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Team Foundation Server - Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/vstudio/dd286491&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adopting Visual Studio and Team Foundation Server for Application Lifecycle Management&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/vstudio/bb386063.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;What’s New for ALM in Visual Studio 2012&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/fda2bad5.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Application Lifecycle Management with Visual Studio and Team Foundation Server&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/ms181368.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using Version Control&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/ms181423.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Isolate Risk Using Branches&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/visualstudio/eng/products/visual-studio-team-foundation-server-express&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TFS Express&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tfs.visualstudio.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Team Foundation Service&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="280" LastEditorUserId="280" LastEditDate="2014-10-13T10:57:18.980" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T10:57:18.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9950" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-10-12T20:03:32.840" Score="0" Body="Team Foundation Server is a complete Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) suite, offered by Microsoft." OwnerUserId="280" LastEditorUserId="280" LastEditDate="2014-10-13T10:56:51.343" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T10:56:51.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9463" CreationDate="2014-10-13T03:54:20.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;MBT would not work.&#xA;Reason: &#xA;You claim that you domain knowledge is quite limited. &#xA;Its hard to model something that you do not understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BDT may work but will not be complete.&#xA;Reason:&#xA;With limited knowledge of the domain means you might not be able to identify all users &amp;amp; business processed.&#xA;No testing documentation means you do do not have a way of ensuring coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ACC - not sure i understand how it is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would work is do Parallel tests. &#xA;1. Test system 1 - document all testable functions - come out with test cases and test data &#xA;2. Test system 2 - document all testable functions - come out with test cases and test data &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when you have the new combined system execute both sets of test cases and ensure you have the same functional output. You can use these test cases as building blocks and build test cases for the new combined system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6068" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T03:54:20.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9457" CreationDate="2014-10-13T04:34:30.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer:Test cases should be atomic to the component you are testing. So write a test case for each field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reasons:&#xA;Problem in counting execution completion status:&#xA;During test execution, if the first name field works and last name field does not work you will have to fail the test case. which is not correct because the first name field still works.This is one reason to maintain test cases at the field level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maintainability of test cases:&#xA;These fields which are similar now might get need specific validation added latter, which will make test case maintenance difficult.&#xA;example: if you phone number get a new validation which says it should always start with a country code of format +NN, which test case will you update?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6068" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T04:34:30.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9924" CreationDate="2014-10-13T14:48:46.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why didn't you code your locator like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//a/i[@class='icon-edit']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems like it would have still worked and would have been simpler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T14:48:46.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9873" CreationDate="2014-10-13T14:54:04.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can run headless with either &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/CodeYellowBV/run-headless-chromium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Headless Chromium&lt;/a&gt;  or with &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt; ..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that running with Selenium Grid or SauceLabs is equally as good as running headless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T14:54:04.073" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9886" CreationDate="2014-10-13T18:59:02.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using a WebDriverWait  along with one of the methods in the ExpectedConditions class.   Basically, just wait for a element on the page using a pre-defined expected condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T18:59:02.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-13T22:01:41.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good online (and free) class is Udacity's &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udacity.com/course/cs258&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; course. It covers a lot of theory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2014-10-13T22:01:41.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9200" CreationDate="2014-10-14T08:00:07.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; works great for simple automation tasks.&#xA;It doesn't require scripting if you use it in it's basic form of record-play.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T08:00:07.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7025" CreationDate="2014-10-14T08:07:24.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are black box testing the system it would be very hard to directly test asynchronism.&#xA;Even if you try some sort of white box testing, for example looking at queue sizes you'll have a difficult time testing since your response times will usually be too long- things will change until you understand that something has happened and react to it.&#xA;Why don't you just test the system with varying loads ? light to heavy loads, varying ratios of sequential to random timing, varying data sizes and combinations of the above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T08:07:24.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9966" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-14T08:38:53.200" Score="0" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've also already asked this question in Stackoverflow, but I think I would get a better answer here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a triangle problem in PICT. I'm testing if a triangle is an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, or a scalene triangle. The problem is that I never get the equilateral triangle as a result. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Side1:        5,6,7,8,9,10&#xA;Side2:        5,6,7,8,9,10&#xA;Side3:        5,6,7,8,9,10&#xA;Type:         equilateral, isosceles, scalene&#xA;&#xA;IF (([Side1] = [Side2]) OR ([Side2] = [Side3]) OR ([Side3] = [Side1])) THEN [Type] = &quot;isosceles&quot;  ELSE [Type] = &quot;scalene&quot;;&#xA;IF (([Side1] = [Side2]) AND ([Side2] = [Side3]) AND ([Side3] = [Side1])) THEN [Type] = &quot;equilateral&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the random thing here is that when I change the last line into&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IF (([Side1] = [Side2]) AND ([Side2] = [Side3]) AND ([Side3] = [Side1])) THEN [Type] = &quot;isosceles&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I randomly get values that would result in an equilateral triangle. How can I make sure I also have these values in my correct code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8968" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-14T10:46:56.350" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T11:05:26.703" Title="Testing with PICT, but incomplete testcases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;pairwise-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9966" CreationDate="2014-10-14T11:05:26.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is that an equilateral triangle is &lt;em&gt;also&lt;/em&gt; an isosceles triangle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you have the least restrictive check first, that check will identify all your equilateral triangles as isosceles triangles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty good example of why it's not a good idea to combine multiple checks into a single code routine: you aren't necessarily checking what you think you're checking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd start by checking for equilateral first and see if that gives you the results you're expecting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T11:05:26.703" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9969" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-14T11:45:49.407" Score="5" ViewCount="1151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 2 years of experience in manual testing, and I am currently learning automation testing in my spare time. I was thinking that will getting a foundation/entry testing certification really help me in promotions and increase my salary or just increase my knowledge and nothing more? Even if I wish to try to get certified and pass the exams, is it too late or can I try after a few more years?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly suggest!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8973" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-10-14T11:56:21.730" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T12:23:28.220" Title="Will getting a Software Testing Certification benefit me in my career?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;certification&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9918" CreationDate="2014-10-14T11:54:50.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitely before running a new test one should clear the cache as it fetches the last visited website UI especially if you are making changes to the website after testing. But that also is required if you are testing the web apps directly to the browser through system not from any tool inbuilt window for browser testing. Some tool provide their own window while performing cross browser testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T11:54:50.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9972" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9977" CreationDate="2014-10-14T12:12:30.043" Score="1" ViewCount="565" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the PageObjectModel as I'm understanding it.&#xA;The FindsBy elements are instantiated by the PageFactory (in the constructor)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class wizard_Uittreksel_Bestemmeling&#xA;{&#xA;    private readonly IWebDriver _driver;&#xA;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;input[name=\&quot;OntvangstTypeCoid\&quot;][value=\&quot;Permail\&quot;]&quot;)]&#xA;    private IWebElement radio_ontvangenPerMail;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;input[name=\&quot;OntvangstTypeCoid\&quot;][value=\&quot;Perbrief\&quot;]&quot;)]&#xA;    private IWebElement radio_ontvangenPerBrief;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = &quot;Email&quot;)]&#xA;    private IWebElement txt_email;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, this is working fine. However, for these elements I sometimes need&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;their XPath, e.g. for finding dynamic elements in the same containing DIV&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;their ID or CssSelector, e.g. to determine if the element exists, using driver.FindElement(By.Locator())&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As there's no way to extract these locator values from the IWebElement, I wonder if anyone else has had this issue?&#xA;What would be the cleanest way to solve this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T22:00:12.030" Title="Selenium WebDriver - how to cleanly code with PageObjects in combination with By locators?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9969" CreationDate="2014-10-14T13:00:21.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because we don't know you, your skills, your other options, and your job market, we have no way to give you good valid advice, beyond &lt;strong&gt;&quot;it depends&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. Also, responses given here in stack exchange sites should be usable by other people who would find it. This, by definition, cannot be true for a personal career advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that reason, career advice like you are asking for, is off topic for most Stack Exchange sites (all I know of). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to search &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt; for questions/answers about how to get good career advice - how to find people around you who know you and your local market and can give you more personalized response. One example would be to find local Meetup or LinkedIn groups. Talk to people in meatspace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing your own search, doing your own homework, you show you have skills to succeed. Without such skills, you will be perceived as a leech and most people would not want to waste time trying to help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:48:41.417" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T13:00:21.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9969" CreationDate="2014-10-14T13:05:42.437" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have 2 years of experience in manual testing, and I am currently learning automation testing in my spare time.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great, try and implement some of the techniques you are using in your spare time at your work too. This will lead to a great deal of success at learning and speed up your manual testing process drastically. My primary cause for Automation at most of my positions was more to set up data how I needed it than to actually test anything with the automation. This &lt;strong&gt;WILL&lt;/strong&gt; lead to pay raises, more job security and will look a lot better on a resume/interview than I learned it in my spare time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I was thinking that will getting a foundation/entry testing certification really help me in promotions and increase my salary or just increase my knowledge and nothing more?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gaining knowledge is always a positive. I will never recommend to someone to not gain knowledge in their field. Is the certificate itself worth it? Probably not honestly, but if it teaches you something and helps to validate that  you are experienced in the field, it can be useful. The only way I see it being beneficial as a certificate would be if you and another candidate are viewed as equals it might be the boost you need for the position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Even if I wish to try to get certified and pass the exams, is it too late or can I try after a few more years?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend doing this as soon as possible if you are going to. A lot of the courses cover the basics that if you wait a few years for it will essentially just either reinforce what you already know or tell you that your habits that have already been well formed are incorrect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Overall, SQA is a very skilled position and most managers and recruiters respect that it requires a mentality that is difficult to find. A lot of the instincts that are required can not be taught or transferred. The pieces that transforms someone from being decent to great in this field is that inquisitive nature. Because of this, I see a lot of the certificates as purely self validation and the knowledge gained being the beneficial part.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T13:05:42.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9881" CreationDate="2014-10-14T21:41:20.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not Testlink?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every needed function present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to add additional fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to manage test-cases related to different projects, test-plans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to manage different versions of test-cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to assign test-cases to tester for execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to connect to bug-tracking tools (e.g. mantis, JIRA)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to connect to Selenium tests execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automatic metrics, reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Free, open source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not easy to import existing test cases (at least as it was for our team)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No custom report designer tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T18:54:28.087" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T18:54:28.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9972" CreationDate="2014-10-14T22:00:12.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm using (when it is needs) mix of [FindsBy] and &quot;complex&quot; elements (defined as such &quot;dummy example&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;protected string someVariable= &quot;someXPath_part&quot;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;someVariable + &quot;[&quot; + number.ToString() + &quot;]&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As beekeeper said, driver.FindElement(By.Locator()) and locator, defined by [FindsBy] are equial, so if you need to check existing/enabling of element, just use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;txt_email.Displayed;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;txt_email.Enabled;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastActivityDate="2014-10-14T22:00:12.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9969" CreationDate="2014-10-15T02:37:25.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What kind of certification are you talking about? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You wrote something about foundation certification, I'm assuming it to be ISTQB. Well I have one of those and it didn't help me in any way. &#xA;I didn't learn anything that I didn't already know before it.&#xA;I didn't get promoted.&#xA;My pay scale is still the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking to widen your skill set, then I suggest you keep practicing testing. Participate in online communities, forums and discussions. Read and write blogs about testing. Contact experts in testing, converse with them and learn from them. A certification will never teach you what all of these will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end its always up to you to decide what's best for you. What does your heart say? Listen to it and go ahead with it...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T02:37:25.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9881" CreationDate="2014-10-15T09:43:59.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of the tools you mentioned I have experience about Testrail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: Straightforward approach. Quick to start to use. Stores test cases well.&#xA;Cons: Less features to pick relevant test cases to re-run, no issue management. ( We wanted integrated issue management as it makes easier to see where the issues are regarding test cases and to pick test casea to be re-run ) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We ended up in using Meliora Testlab and so at the moment if know this tool best. &#xA;Pros: We use the tool to store the requirements / use cases. The test design from requirements is done really well.&#xA;User interface&#xA;Filter for picking right test cases&#xA;tags! We use tags for grouping test and issues.&#xA;Support: they have been helpful&#xA;Cons: Basic reports show what they should, but I miss HP:s dynamic reports to report ANYTHING. &#xA;The tool has version field but not the concept of releases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, the tools offer free trials so try them out, you will find what you need! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T09:43:59.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9881" CreationDate="2014-10-15T11:56:23.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;I recommend you &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;TestLink&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;It is opensource, very easy to use and complete.&#xA;You can link it to integration server as Jenkins.&#xA;For me it is the most efficient opensource tool.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testlink.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testlink.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what i remember, you have a free plugin in Jira for test management. Unfortunately, it is not so user friendly the display is bad. It is a bit complex to use for what we expect from a test management tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your need is for a big project and you have budget you can try for a HP product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/application-lifecycle-management.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/application-lifecycle-management.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T11:56:23.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9983" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-15T12:05:38.433" Score="0" ViewCount="1102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I arrived UK this august and was looking for jobs here into functional testing, but i have been called for an role which has functional testing, automation testing(Selenium), Performance Testing(J Meter)!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the challenge here is that i am only equipped with functional testing. I have told them in the telephonic round about this thing that i am not hands on with automation and performance testing. &#xA;In this case the interviewer told me that he will still call me for a face to face round but he expects me to tell them what strategy i will be having for automation testing and performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this role They expect me to be the only tester(First Tester in the team ) doing manual,automation and performance, so i cannot depend on any other tester to learn automation/performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Question here is that how do i prepare myself for the interview, In this case i am willing to learn automation so that i can use it in my job later, but in 1 week how do i learn at least the basics or maybe learn at least enough to convince them about myself,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please suggest me any links to learn automation/performance, or any strategy to go about this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3145" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T08:46:38.780" Title="How to manage to learn Selenium, Jmeter on your own so that you could use it to your best knowledge on your new automation role" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9969" CreationDate="2014-10-15T12:23:28.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am working since several in testing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A foundation certification is all the time a bonus. Anyway it will not make you an expert.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It allows you to have a basic understanding about testing, what is the aim and what we expect.&#xA;The basic certification will show you the good practice. You will learn some stuffs that you can make you more efficient in your work.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Automation is important, often customer is expected more than a functional tester, technical skills are good to automatize your work.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One of the most famous certification is ISTQB.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.istqb.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T12:23:28.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10000" CreationDate="2014-10-15T13:47:29.657" Score="0" ViewCount="515" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a general student. Nowadays I am trying to learn website testing but where from I will start, where from learn, which process will be better for me. I want to know about it. Please anybody give me some advice for it. This is my first question. so If I do error please correction me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8643" LastEditorUserId="8643" LastEditDate="2014-10-21T11:40:26.680" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T11:40:26.680" Title="Learning web testing QA" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-10-27T00:31:50.313" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9983" CreationDate="2014-10-15T13:55:21.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The right way to go about it would be to prepare not just for the interview but for the job itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have hands on experience in programming?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try learning java. Both, selenium and jmeter work on java. So learn the concepts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you learn java, google tutorials for selenium and java. Learn from them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask help from the testing community for one on one lessons.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get some practice and then improvise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the interview in short time is concerned, show them that even though you don't have knowledge of those tools, but with some guidance and practice you would learn them soon... :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T13:55:21.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9983" CreationDate="2014-10-15T14:20:37.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in no way trying to be rude, but I think the hiring team may be setting themselves up for failure.  Having worked on many many automation projects and worked with many people of varying skill levels, it is actually just about impossible for someone with no automation background to jump in to automation and get it right the first time.  With no guidance or mentoring from someone more senior who has done it before, you will be left to figure things out, which I am sure you will be able to do... over the course of many years.  In the meantime, you may get some automation up and running and it will likely add value, but may have any number of problems like being un-maintainable, unreliable, or not really validating what you want it to validate or what is important to validate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it were my decision as a hiring manager, I would absolutely make sure the first person I brought in had prior experience writing automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all of that said, this very well could be a great learning opportunity for you, and here are some answers that may help on the Selenium side:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3798/good-resources-tutorials-tips-for-beginner-doing-automation/3804#3804&quot;&gt;Good resources/tutorials/tips for beginner doing automation?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6095/manual-tester-wanting-to-get-into-automation&quot;&gt;Manual tester wanting to get into automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3254/your-suggestions-for-writing-reliable-web-ui-automation/3261#3261&quot;&gt;Your suggestions for writing reliable Web UI automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For JMeter, honestly you can figure out how to use the tool by looking through documentation and examples, but the far more important thing for performance testing is understanding HTTP inside and out.  You need to understand how app servers like IIS and Tomcat work, you need to understand the architecture of your applications and know how they interact, and know what to monitor while executing your load tests.  You need to know what requests are important to validate, vs what you can fire and forget.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple of links that may also be useful for performance testing with jmeter:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/intro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/intro.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.packtpub.com/books/content/functional-testing-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.packtpub.com/books/content/functional-testing-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9782/how-to-determine-breaking-point-of-my-application-when-performance-testing-from/9789#9789&quot;&gt;How to determine breaking point of my application when performance testing from jMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best of luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T14:20:37.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9988" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="9990" CreationDate="2014-10-15T15:13:38.117" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems relatively easy to find bug tracking tools, but I'm looking for a way to document the process of fixing the defects that will track things such as: who is working on it, being sure that it does not interfere with other defects or with other stable elements of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We want to facilitate appropriate communication to be sure that work is not duplicated and that we have a good sense of all the moving parts in place.  We're consultants working on a complex application that is subject to many regulatory requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8985" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T03:31:17.897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T03:31:17.897" Title="How do you document the PROCESS of fixing bugs independent of product/technology" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9989" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10002" CreationDate="2014-10-15T15:48:47.250" Score="1" ViewCount="4949" Body="&lt;p&gt;to cut a long story short I've been put on a new project which has some legacy test cases, these test cases exist in ALM.  I would like to export certain sections of this test plan for use in the new project, which again exists in ALM.  Both of these projects exist on the same server, but on different domains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a simple way I can export the test cases I want from one ALM project to another?  I need the tests, their steps, any attachments etc.  I basically just want exactly what exists in the test plan section, to be ported across to a different project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've already looked at similar questions, exporting to excel without test steps, attachments etc is a no go.  Exporting to a report is no go because I need to import the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone done this before?  I'm using the latest ALM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6201" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T19:00:54.873" Title="How can I export test cases in HP ALM to be re-imported into another ALM project?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9988" CreationDate="2014-10-15T16:45:00.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is something that your tracking tool should handle and should be built into the process flow within the tool. (That said, it doesn't always work this way)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're starting from nothing, you're almost guaranteed to find that what you start will need to change. Your process will evolve as you run into sticky areas and pain points at different stages of your workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things you want to have in your tracking tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the ability to link related issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the ability to flag duplicate issues (this can be done as a subset of linking).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the ability define a workflow (that is, the allowed states an issue can be in and the data that has to be associated with it in order to move to one of the next allowed states)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the ability to easily report who is assigned to what and at which stage they are in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the ability to link/attach relevant documentation (such as linking to regulatory requirements and so forth).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things you may need to define as a process outside the tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regression checking (this is - alas - the only way to ensure that fixes don't interfere with the rest of the application) and the escalation of any regression issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the flow of issue assignment (when does an issue get assigned to a tester, does it get passed back and forth if there are problems, and so forth)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the interaction between the regulatory requirements and your process (this is almost certainly going to be something you have to define)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how your team uses the tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect that whatever you do, initially you'll have a lot of confusion and possibly worse. What will happen is that as you get used to working with the tool you'll find areas where your initial process doesn't work as well as you thought it would. This is when you revise your process to smooth the workflow through these areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be awkward and seem excessive at first (speaking from experience here: I got my employer's development team from excel spreadsheets to using Microsoft Team Foundation Server for issue tracking and workflow - we've been using TFS for nearly a year and we're still refining the process and customizing TFS to suit our needs), but it does get better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few things I'd suggest from my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When emailing about items in the tracking system, use the item ID and title as the email header. If you can't automatically link emails to the item, this at least makes it easier to trace discussion and questions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone needs to &quot;own&quot; the tracking system and handle any customization/changes to it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone needs to &quot;own&quot; each issue to make sure that the issue is correctly handled. Whether this is a team lead, a project manager, or someone else, will depend on your system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For your first version of the process, you probably want to start with whatever your current process is plus the regulatory requirements. That's going to give you a reasonable starting point which you can refine as you find things that don't work that well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where possible, try to keep the changes small and self-evident. Too much change is likely to overload your team and cause confusion - they'll already be dealing with a lot of new things as they familiarize themselves with the application, so the fewer other changes they have to deal with, the less likely it is that something will drop.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T16:45:00.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9988" CreationDate="2014-10-15T17:18:40.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Kate Paulk mentioned many features. How to get there? Is it possible with free tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;highly customized Bugzilla (with custom fields added to support our custom workflow process)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;different workflows for different kinds of bugs,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wiki to document process, maintain checklists etc. Foswiki engine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we run custom SQL queries to track if all bugs in bugzilla follow the process, and show exceptions to that process (so bugs will not be forgotten and fell thru cracks). It is easy to publish SQL results in wiki using Foswiki plugins with hyperlinks to other wiki pages and to bugzilla.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we track feedbacks separately (most feedbacks do not result in a bug, but some may be converted to more than one)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and of course inevitable whiteboard with sticky notes to prioritize bugs and facilitate bug triage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It took us &lt;strong&gt;years&lt;/strong&gt; to fine-tune our process to this stage, and we are make more tweaks as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All tools can send emails in certain steps, but we rely on central databases (with a web frontend) to handle status. Email is not good for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our tools (bugzilla, Fos wiki, feedback) are Perl-based. It is increasingly hard to find Perl experts. There is very nice Python-based solution, TRAC, which integrates bug tracker, wiki for documentation, and subversion with code viewer (with markup in all parts to link to bug number, changeset, wiki page etc). Very neat, but converting our data will be a struggle, so we did not switched yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wiki is very important part of the whole picture because it allows you to generate hyperlinked web pages with very little predefined structure (all smarts is in plugins). Unless you use abomination like Sharepoint which is easy to start with but almost impossible to customize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-10-15T17:18:40.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8285" CreationDate="2014-10-15T21:57:46.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;GetVisibleText should give you the text from the insight object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Window(&quot;Microsoft Word&quot;).InsightObject(&quot;InsightObject_Example&quot;).GetVisibleText&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8991" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2014-10-21T20:11:02.997" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T20:11:02.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9914" CreationDate="2014-10-16T05:08:02.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the first, and most important, questions that I would ask the interviewer is what level of testing the project/organisation has specified on the specific project that the interview is for and/or in general.  If the project is a purely commercial utility then they will require quite a different approach to one that is safety critical and highly controlled.  This also determines the &quot;correct&quot; answer to the question &quot;What would you do if the software under tests fails one or more tests and your project manager asks you to disable those tests&quot; - for a commercial utility that may be allowed if you are picking up extreme corner cases but for a safety critical project you should be ready to stick to your guns.  I personally have many times faced this sort of pressure and never regretted digging my heels in and explaining why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real answer of course is to show that you really do know what you are talking about, care about what you are doing and can be worked with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T05:08:02.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9983" CreationDate="2014-10-16T08:46:38.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the very first step I would recommend exploring basic functionality of the tools. Luckily both Selenium and JMeter provide record-and-replay functionality so to start:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; - Firefox Plugin which is able to record test flaw and generate relevant code. Preferred language is Java as both tools are Java-based and you'll be able to integrate it into an unified test harness more easy. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script recorder&lt;/a&gt; can convert site browsing into JMeter's .jmx file. See the following links for reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Proxy Step by Step&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeters-superpower-http-proxy-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter's Superpower: The HTTP Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have projects skeletons you can begin enhancing them by adding correlation logic, assertions, external data, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no rocket science, both tools can be used initially by a person with no or minimal experience, both are free and open source and there is a lot of information over the web. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T08:46:38.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9881" CreationDate="2014-10-16T12:33:06.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to recommend TestCollab, as this is one of the easiest Test Case Management Systems. With a user friendly interface, it brings a bouquet of features including :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support for agile methodologies &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easier integration with popular bug trackers been used in the industry for development project's requirement management, automatic reporting of&#xA;bugs encountered during test runs, automatic updation of reported bugs' status when test is marked as passed in TestCollab. Bi-directional integration supported for JIRA and Redmine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Universal integration with test case automation tools &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unlimited projects, test cases and test executions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In-built requirements management along with coverage and traceability analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-usability of test case steps, test cases and test suites &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quicker adaptability with custom fields &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy test plan definition with a support for multiple configurations to make the test executions possible in different environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Collaboration with all your team members&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dashboard and reports to keep a hawk eye over the projects as&#xA;they progress&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deployable on any popular platform - Windows, Linux or Mac&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy migration from other Test Case Management tools with support for XML, CSV and Excel formats for data portability &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a flexibility of choosing either hosted plans (SaaS), or self hosted ones according to your needs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To further explore the features at offer, visit &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcollab.com/tour&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testcollab.com/tour&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also try TestCollab for free by visiting &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcollab.com/trial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testcollab.com/trial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer: I work for Test Collab as a QA professional&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7758" LastEditorUserId="7758" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T12:40:45.207" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T12:40:45.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9985" CreationDate="2014-10-16T13:46:59.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;first of all you have to read these two books: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Patton Ron - &lt;a href=&quot;http://books.google.nl/books/about/Software_Testing.html?id=8rJQAAAAMAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing, 2nd Edition&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cem Kaner - &lt;a href=&quot;http://bookzz.org/book/1269562/080be3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing Computer Software, 2nd Edition&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;do not pay attention that they are old, these books cover theory and practice of software testing and also SDLC. After that, you will have a strong basis for testing. If you have more questions, feel free to ask me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-10-16T15:07:57.590" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:07:57.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="9999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-16T14:03:52.363" Score="1" ViewCount="2726" Body="&lt;p&gt;help me please, i have a WebDriver script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package AdvancedInteraction;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Action;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;&#xA;public class ActionClick {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args){&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;file:///C:/Selectable.html&quot;);&#xA;        WebElement one = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;one&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement three = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;three&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement five = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;five&quot;));&#xA;        // Add all the actions into the Actions builder.&#xA;        Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        builder.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL)&#xA;        .click(one)&#xA;        .click(three)&#xA;        .click(five)&#xA;        .keyUp(Keys.CONTROL);&#xA;        // Generate the composite action.&#xA;        Action compositeAction = builder.build();&#xA;        // Perform the composite action.&#xA;        compositeAction.perform();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but when i execute this script it doesn't click with CONTROL button. Why does it happen ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8935" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T21:51:51.703" Title="Doesn't work Keys.CONTROL in WebDriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9985" CreationDate="2014-10-16T15:02:54.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to test websites I think its important that you have a basic level understanding of the technology. Follow the free courses &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com/tracks/web&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML &amp;amp; CSS&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com/tracks/javascript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScript&lt;/a&gt; on codecademy.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading a book on the testing topic might also be a great idea, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/42/suggested-books-to-start-on-software-testing&quot;&gt;this list of good testing books&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get more experience in testing websites you can sign up at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uTest.com&lt;/a&gt;. They have training materials like video courses and they will invite you for actual or practise testing sessions. You can then also monitor issues found by other testers and learn where to look for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most web-application testing is automated, the next level could be automated testing with &lt;a href=&quot;http://sebuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium builder&lt;/a&gt; or following a more advanced &lt;a href=&quot;http://university.utest.com/selenium-basics-part-1-how-to-set-up-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online Selenium course&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T15:54:39.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10001" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-16T16:10:05.967" Score="4" ViewCount="41380" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Jmeter (started using it a few days ago) as a tool to simulate a load of 300 threads using a csv data file that contains login credentials for 3 system users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This objective is to measure 300 users (threads) logging in and navigating to a page via the menu over a time span of 300 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have set my thread group as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Number of threads: 300&#xA;Ramp-up Perod: 300&#xA;Loop Count: 100&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ran the test successfully. Now I'd like to understand what the results mean and what is classed as good/bad measurements, and what can be suggested to improve the results. Below is a table of the results collated in the Summary report of Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me understand these results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0O5Y6.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6506" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T10:29:22.347" Title="Performance testing - analysing results in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9989" CreationDate="2014-10-16T17:28:51.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hilariously the answer to this is copy and paste!  You can use Tools -&gt; Change Project to navigate between projects.  Simply right click what you wish to migrate, copy, change project and paste where you desire!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will have to decide what to do with related entities when copying across.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6201" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T17:28:51.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-16T17:43:06.340" Score="0" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;Example: You are going to test a web application. Client saying us to follow the waterfall model for developing the application? Now my question is what are all the testing you have conducted for successful delivery of product? Then, For Waterfall model,we used to test adhoc kind of test...or how it depends..or we do adhoc testing for all kinds of model...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8886" LastEditorUserId="8886" LastEditDate="2014-11-13T17:42:35.937" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T17:42:35.937" Title="When we use adhoc testing? Which model is used for this...?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-10-21T20:08:04.327" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9716" CreationDate="2014-10-16T17:58:23.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some instances where selenium (watir) refuses to click a link or a button even when the xpath expression is valid and claims it found the object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these situations I just use a jquery .click function with the .executeScript method as a work around. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8997" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T17:58:23.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9881" CreationDate="2014-10-16T20:56:45.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, for full disclosure, I work for SmartBear Software and have used our product QAComplete, along with a few others (some mentioned above). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like some have said above, it all depends on what you're doing and your budget as to what tool will work best for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can speak for QAComplete and tell you that the biggest selling point for it is that its traceability feature works well and it integrates with popular bug tracking tools, source control, and test automation suites. Essentially, It is a hub for your manual and automated tests that can allow everyone working in the SDLC to access and comment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, what exactly are you looking for in a test management tool? What is most important to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7510" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T20:56:45.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9985" CreationDate="2014-10-16T21:04:19.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's great that you are searching for help here. When I first started off in testing, I didn't have the slightest clue where to look for help, so my first couple projects were a needless struggle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would get familiar with the school of context driven testing. People like Scott Barber, James Bach, Cem kaner, Keith Klain have lots of content that they've shared over the years. Everyone who is influential in the space seems to have their own quirk as to how testing should be done, and rightfully so, since no tester is the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your biggest asset will be critical thinking. As mentioned above, Code Academy is a great place to get some basic knowledge of the technologies you'll be working with. They make it fun too, which is a plus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7510" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T21:04:19.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9174" CreationDate="2014-10-16T21:08:50.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't give you specifics on how to exactly do it, but from what I've read, it is possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked the soapui.org forums and there is quite a bit of material available. Hope this helps! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.soapui.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&amp;amp;t=24581&amp;amp;p=56413&amp;amp;hilit=integrate+jenkins+with+soap+ui&amp;amp;sid=88893521758c90cf82cb5c13c0274628#p56413&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forum.soapui.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&amp;amp;t=24581&amp;amp;p=56413&amp;amp;hilit=integrate+jenkins+with+soap+ui&amp;amp;sid=88893521758c90cf82cb5c13c0274628#p56413&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7510" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T21:08:50.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-16T21:12:22.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A great place to read through testing theory is the Software Testing Club and the Ministry of Testing. I read their content all the time and it always answers a question or gets me to think differently about certain testing scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7510" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T21:12:22.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9999" CreationDate="2014-10-16T21:51:51.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like this may be a bug with selenium - see &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=3734&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=3734&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some workarounds in that thread, but I would suggest to perhaps instead of building an action chain like this, specify the click method with a keydown modifier. So you can &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions click1 = new Actions(driver);&#xA;click1.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL);&#xA;click1.click(one);&#xA;click.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;perhaps that may get around some of the issues you've been seeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8846" LastActivityDate="2014-10-16T21:51:51.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10003" CreationDate="2014-10-17T02:25:32.920" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;How many testing types are there according to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly do you mean when you say adhoc testing? Is it that you randomly click some element of the screen and see what happens? Or you randomly choose a module and test it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do any type of testing in any development model as long as it suit the context. You see testing is always context dependent. The answer to most questions will always be it depends. Just follow your heart. If it says adhoc suits waterfall, then go ahead with it. If it doesn't work out you will learn from it and adopt another method!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T02:25:32.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10003" CreationDate="2014-10-17T05:15:17.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally Testing type can't live independently of model, because its the type of software model which delivers the product to testing team in some format may be whole product or some module or first few independent module and then integrated modules as a complete product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore you need to adopt the testing type based on the delivery of the product.&#xA;Now adhoc testing is again a type of testing which can be performed with any kind of model because its a random selection of testing areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T05:15:17.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9914" CreationDate="2014-10-17T09:06:14.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my personal point of you, I expect the testers have in mind to &lt;strong&gt;deliver a service&lt;/strong&gt;. The aim is to &lt;strong&gt;support development&lt;/strong&gt; to improve the quality of their work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, technical skills are for me the way to make testing more efficient:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;- Technical skills will help for test automation. While tests are running testers are busy to increase the test scope.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;- Thanks to the technical skills, it is possible to make the bridge between development activities and test activities. It improves a lot the communication and give autonomy to the testers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most important is to have few technical skills which will make you more efficient. For example about tools: Selenium, SoapUI or JMetter, basic knowledge about Unix (all the time useful to check logs), a bit of SQL, programming as JAVA, Bash would be great but it starts to be more technical for functional people. Have nice knowledge in MS Excel for some analysis or reporting may be useful to be more efficient; Yes it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T09:06:14.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10014" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10030" CreationDate="2014-10-17T11:00:34.490" Score="1" ViewCount="4240" Body="&lt;p&gt;The FindElement() method doesn't seem to work with an XPath locator, if called on an existing WebElement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;htmlDiv = _driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//h2[text()='&quot; + onvNaam + &quot;']/../..&quot;));&#xA;htmlControl = htmlDiv.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//label[text()='Naam']/following-sibling::div[1]//select&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The result of this code is that htmlControl contains the &lt;strong&gt;first&lt;/strong&gt; matching element &lt;strong&gt;in the page&lt;/strong&gt;, not the matching element in htmlDiv.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other controls (with other By types) this seems to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the Xpath double slash superceding the scope of htmlDiv?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2014-10-20T10:54:48.783" Title="Selenium Webdriver - FindElement in scope of WebElement doesn't work" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10014" CreationDate="2014-10-17T12:46:20.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work/8491#8491&quot;&gt;Selenium best practices&lt;/a&gt;, XPath is locator of last preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferred selector order : id &gt; name &gt; css &gt; xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask your web designers to add IDs or names to elements you need to interact with. Take them to the lunch and talk how IDs make your life easier. Bribe them is you have to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T12:46:20.147" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10003" CreationDate="2014-10-17T16:48:14.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, in my experience, choosing 1 'type' of testing should never be considered thorough testing. You should always ensure that you have a formalized testing (which ad hoc would not fall under) to ensure that you have full test coverage. This will typically be executed along side some ad hoc testing in order to discover defects quicker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, with a web based application:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Generic Test plan: &#xA;Log in &#xA;Create User with valid Username and Password without User Creation Permissions &#xA;Log out &#xA;Log in with new User &#xA;Verify user can not create a new User&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual test execution during initial smoke testing and regression should be, in my opinion blended with ad-hoc methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Attempt Login with invalid credentials&#xA;Login with valid credentials&#xA;Attempt to create user with invalid Username&#xA;Attempt to create user with invalid Password&#xA;Attempt to create user with invalid username and password&#xA;Create user with valid username and password&#xA;Log out&#xA;Log in with new user&#xA;Verify user can not create a new User&#xA;Attempt to navigate directly to the URL for new user creation&#xA;Attempt to post the HTTP Headers for new user creation to the server directly&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with this, especially during smoke testing, you are verifying as much as possible as quickly as possible in order to try and find as many defects as possible as quickly as possible. This will assist in expediting defect resolution and overall speed up the DLC by discovering the majority of the defects early on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the smoke testing, I will follow the test cases as closely as possible to ensure that the application is tested as desired and then when done with the written test cases I would resume to do ad hoc testing based on the test cases with the types of verification above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T16:48:14.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9737" CreationDate="2014-10-17T17:35:13.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since there was no tool to do what I needed, I wrote one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/edsonmedina/php_testability&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/edsonmedina/php_testability&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5926" LastActivityDate="2014-10-17T17:35:13.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10018" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-17T19:31:20.513" Score="3" ViewCount="7222" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wish to know how to set the app path for an android app on my mac. For iOS you can download the app and then in the desired capabilities you can provide the path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't download the android version of the app onto my mac, but it is my understanding that I can use the android emulator and then install the app on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do I set the app path for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9008" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-20T10:59:38.660" LastActivityDate="2020-10-12T20:48:06.623" Title="How to set app path for android using Appium on a mac" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10019" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-17T19:54:33.720" Score="0" ViewCount="567" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we want to find of Non functional Requirements of a system, What would be it in generally?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In example. I want to know the non-functional requirements of a Laptop? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8957" LastActivityDate="2014-10-18T04:01:29.203" Title="Non Functional Requirement of a Laptop?" Tags="&lt;non-functional&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10087" CreationDate="2014-10-17T21:20:20.047" Score="3" ViewCount="545" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, I've been reading about formal methods of network protocol testing. I needed to make that research for my thesis and basically I've got no hands-on experience on methods described in IEEE documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The interesting part is about automatic generation of test cases. I must mention that I was working on an automatic validation tool for DHCPv6 protocol (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/isc-projects/forge&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the link, if you care&lt;/a&gt;) and every test case I wrote manually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of documents I've found are pretty old (92' - &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.cs.aau.dk/~kgl/TOV04/ural.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;). Basically, what I understood is (please correct me if I am missing something, that would appreciated):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given a specification document (RFC for example), create a Finite State Machine model based on the specification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate tests by applying some method (TT (Transition Tour), D, UIO) to the FSM model created in step 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parameterize test cases - assign input data and expected output data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ad. 1 - In what language would I model a FSM, SDL (what about TTCN)? Is this really worth doing? I know that the larger the protocol, the more effort is needed to make a solid FSM, but what are the pros of this way over writing tests manually?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;ad. 2 - how would I traverse created FSM?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's anyone who had ever done such things, please share your experiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9009" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-20T10:58:10.037" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T13:15:39.117" Title="Protocol testing - Finite State Machine and test generation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10019" CreationDate="2014-10-18T04:01:29.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some points would include,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Battery back time.&#xA;Screen resolution.&#xA;Its weight.&#xA;Its dimensions.&#xA;What accessories come along with it.&#xA;...&#xA;And you can keep on going with your list of expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-18T04:01:29.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-18T05:19:47.060" Score="0" ViewCount="1364" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to select a particular date from the calender so I wrote this code with the help of other sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait waitForDate = new WebDriverWait(driver,300);&#xA;        waitForDate.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='dpTradeDate']/span[@class='add-on']/i[@class='icon-calendar']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;         driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='dpTradeDate']/span[@class='add-on']/i[@class='icon-calendar']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;         //WebElement dateWidget=driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;datepicker-days&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;         //List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows=dateWidget.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;         List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; colmns=driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;td&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;         /*DatePicker is a table.So navigate to each cell   &#xA;           If a particular cell matches value 13 then select it  &#xA;          */  &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;         for (WebElement cell: colmns){  &#xA;              //Select 13th Date   &#xA;              if (cell.getText().equals(&quot;13&quot;)){  &#xA;              cell.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;13&quot;)).click();  &#xA;              }&#xA;         }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each time I get an execution error message &lt;code&gt;timed out after 300 seconds&lt;/code&gt; even though I put an explicit wait for 300 seconds. I guess this code is valid for picking up a particular date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-20T11:05:36.343" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T13:18:32.477" Title="stuck with picking up particular date in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10024" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-18T06:57:58.747" Score="4" ViewCount="19008" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the first step after installing Selenium IDE, I recorded a simple test case, but I can't play this, because of this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[error] Could not connect to Selenium Server. Have you started the Selenium Server yet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know cause of this error and I'm looking for a solution. Can you help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9010" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T02:37:21.427" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:37:21.427" Title="error Could not connect to Selenium Server. Have you started the Selenium Server yet?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10001" CreationDate="2014-10-18T10:27:50.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In regards to you screenshots in general and Summary Report in particular, as per &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65153-the-load-reports&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Load Reports&lt;/a&gt; guide the explanation of the report fields is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;# Samples&lt;/strong&gt; is the number of samples with the same label.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Average&lt;/strong&gt; is the average time of a set of results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Min&lt;/strong&gt; is the shortest time for the samples with the same label&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Max&lt;/strong&gt; is the longest time for the samples with the same label&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Throughput&lt;/strong&gt; is is measured in requests per second/minute/hour. The time unit is chosen so that the displayed rate is at least 1.0. When the throughput is saved to a CSV file, it is expressed in requests/second, i.e. 30.0 requests/minute is saved as 0.5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kb/sec&lt;/strong&gt; is throughput measured in Kilobytes per second. Time is in milliseconds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Std.Dev&lt;/strong&gt;  is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Standard Deviation&lt;/a&gt; - a measure of the variability of a data set. JMeter calculates population standard deviation (&lt;a href=&quot;http://office.microsoft.com/en-001/excel-help/stdevp-HP005209281.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;STDEVP&lt;/a&gt; function analogue)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avg. Bytes&lt;/strong&gt; - arithmetic mean of response bytes for the samples with the same label. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What looks weird:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimum response time of 0 for a HTTP Request doesn't look realistic to me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average response is around 7KB for &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; request. Are you sure you aren't hitting the same page all the time? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same for other fields like throughput, kb/sec, etc. Try running your scenario with 1 user/1 loop in GUI mode and having &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;View Results Tree Listener&lt;/a&gt; added and enabled to inspect responses and render HTML.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What further analysis steps I can recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apart from looking into Summary Report you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ubik-ingenierie.com/blog/automatically-generating-nice-graphs-at-end-of-your-load-test-with-apache-jmeter-and-jmeter-plugins/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;generate nice looking and easy readable graphs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PerfMon&lt;/a&gt; plugin to collect metrics on Application Under Test server side to ensure that it is healthy enough and has capacity and what is the impact of the load test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use services like &lt;a href=&quot;http://loadosophia.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://loadosophia.org/&lt;/a&gt; which simplify results analysis processes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-10-18T10:27:50.410" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10026" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-18T19:09:44.417" Score="10" ViewCount="22212" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know how we should approach for testing real world objects. The problem that I faced before is to get the list of use cases from the interviewer. Whenever I asked what the real world object should do interviewer just say - the way you have used it. I personally prefer to have the use cases first. Is this a stupid question to ask what this product should do when we use that everyday? BTW, below is my overall approach for this type of question-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my approach towards testing any real world object-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** Who will use this product and for what purpose?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** What are the use cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** What are the boundaries of use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** What are the stress/failure conditions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** What are the test cases? -- Based on the previous points we will create the test cases. And here we will do functional, integration, system, performance, stress testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share your opinion, what is the best approach to handling this kind of question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2213" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T11:00:05.483" LastActivityDate="2020-04-14T06:24:22.157" Title="How to test a toaster? (interview question)" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2014-10-19T03:45:35.640" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I was being interviewed and was asked this question, first of all I would start off by trying to quench my curiosity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much time do I have?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What type of a toaster is it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much power limit does it operate on as per the vendor?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the vendor provide any user manual or claims documentation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does it work? Is it timer based or manual toaster?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What sizes of bread would fit it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As per the vendor how much time would it take to toast a bread slice?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it safe enough to be operated by a child(clarify age range)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And so on....&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such questions are asked to test your curiosity and approach to testing. They may sound stupid, but they will reveal how a tester thinks and works....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Infact what I believe is to become better as a tester, go ahead and test at least one object everyday and consult your report with friends and see what they think about it. That object could be anything - a spoon, soap, car, software, etc. Your only limitation is your imagination, which can be explored and expanded with practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2020-04-14T06:24:22.157" LastActivityDate="2020-04-14T06:24:22.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2098" CreationDate="2014-10-19T08:52:47.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is nothing wrong with documentation. Need to specify page object classes as public classes.So moving GoogleSearchPage to different file and specifying it as public class should work fine. the way suggested here is also correct but is just an alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9013" LastActivityDate="2014-10-19T08:52:47.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2014-10-19T20:26:33.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typical product company interview question. The primary intent of this question is to question the system, assumptions, design aspects and arrive at various possible cases in terms of coverage, localization aspect. Repeat Answers from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.careercup.com/question?id=3428807&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its more of a practice / thinking process to assess / analyse / validate a system from black box perspective. There is no finite answer. It depends on how much you deep dive questioning the system implementation and arrive at your list of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These questions are opportunities that would open up discussions on test priorities/test execution styles that interviewer would use it to gauge the candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T05:08:56.780" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T05:08:56.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10014" CreationDate="2014-10-20T05:46:43.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, this isn't a bug.&#xA;The XPath, when searching in the context of an element, must start with a dot.&#xA;So this works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;htmlControl = htmlDiv.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//label[text()='Naam']/following-sibling::div[1]//select&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2014-10-20T05:46:43.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10014" CreationDate="2014-10-20T06:45:56.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do two simple steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First initialise webdriver element then try to find element using xpath, as explained below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.find element(By.xpath(&quot;enter your xpath&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-20T10:54:48.783" LastActivityDate="2014-10-20T10:54:48.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10158" CreationDate="2014-10-20T14:47:14.850" Score="1" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been looking into expanding my skill set into penetration testing for a bit and with all of the recent security breaches, I figured it would be best to start my training and learning quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, where can I find some good 'labs' to use in order to train and some decent tutorials for said labs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already have experience with BackTrack(Kali) Linux, I use it as my personal flavor on my home PC and have experience with HTTP, SQLI, Programming and such. I just want to get more real life and up to date experience with everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resources I have looked into thus far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amanhardikar.com/mindmaps/PracticeUrls.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;List of Labs&lt;/a&gt; Seems like an extensive list but very little information about any of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pentesterlab.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PentesterLab&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pentesteracademy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pentest Academy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience with any of these, or any others, and have any feedback regarding the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where would be a good place to get started with some basic understandings in Pentesting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any good WebApps that is hosted with known vulnerabilities designed for Pentesting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any 'groups' or such to join that is 'Newbie' friendly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your time!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to the answer by Chris, I was able to find &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hackthissite.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HackThisSite&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/45860/self-teach-pentesting-ceh-skills-ethically/45872#45872&quot;&gt;this SE answer&lt;/a&gt;. So far it has been very educational (I breezed through the Starter and Javascript missions so far). I do think this is a great start for anyone!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T13:14:44.087" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T13:51:13.547" Title="Training for Penetration Testing" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-20T18:28:19.533" Score="3" ViewCount="291" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the best status of test case execution when minor error occurs, but the main goal of the test case is fulfilled. Let's consider this test scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test case title: &lt;strong&gt;Addition of object&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press Add under list of objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill in form &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press Save -&gt; Confirmation should appear&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press Yes in confirmation windows -&gt; object should appear in object list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, let's say that &lt;strong&gt;step 4 is completed successfully, but step 3 is not because of lack of confirmation window&lt;/strong&gt;. Object is created and that was the goal of this test case, but part (not crucial, but still) has failed. &lt;strong&gt;What should be the overall status of test case execution - Passed or Failed?&lt;/strong&gt; AFAIK TFS doesn't provide any way to set status between failed and passed, something like &quot;warning&quot; status meaning &quot;we had some minor problem with this test case, but it passes after all&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;What is the best way to tackle this kind of situation?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9019" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T18:11:15.493" Title="Status of TFS test case after execution when minor errors occured" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3129" CreationDate="2014-10-20T19:43:52.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is for Java [and Selenium 2] then why not use &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/fighting-layout-bugs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fighting Layout Bugs&lt;/a&gt; project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add the dependency and you can create a test like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;try {&#xA;    String testPageUrl = &quot;http://www.test.de/&quot;;&#xA;    driver.get(testPageUrl);&#xA;    WebPage webPage = new WebPage(driver);&#xA;    FightingLayoutBugs flb = new FightingLayoutBugs();&#xA;    final Collection&amp;lt;LayoutBug&amp;gt; layoutBugs = flb.findLayoutBugsIn(webPage); &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Found &quot; + layoutBugs.size() + &quot; layout bug(s).&quot;);&#xA;    for (LayoutBug bug : layoutBugs) { System.out.println(bug); }&#xA;}&#xA;catch (Exception e) {&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;finally {&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8948" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T15:39:07.707" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:39:07.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10033" CreationDate="2014-10-21T07:13:52.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It may depend on the strategy of your project, but i'd say this test is failed. If the confirmation is part of your specifications/functional need, you can't make this test pass. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine this is the only issue in your whole test plan, if you pass the test, then your indicators will be all green for this functionality. Thus, there is no reason to do rework, and this &quot;minor error&quot; could stay here forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, it's not a &quot;minor error&quot; to me. It could have major impact on the user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8767" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T07:13:52.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10033" CreationDate="2014-10-21T11:08:11.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have specifications that say a confirmation must be displayed, the test fails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have user requirements or user expectations that there will be a confirmation dialog, the test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the situation you describe, I would create a bug from the test, but it would have a lower severity rating because it doesn't interfere with functionality. The project leader would decide the priority of the bug fix. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, &lt;em&gt;there is no &quot;best way&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to handle this or any other situation. There is only the way that works for your workplace and your team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if you expected a confirmation, but there's no requirement that one display, you might need to revise your test steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T11:08:11.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10033" CreationDate="2014-10-21T12:42:47.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would separate the test case into 2:&#xA;The first one ends with the confirmation message and the second one continues from there on.&#xA;I would create a bug, link it to the first test case and keep the test case in 'ready', while I would close the second test case.&#xA;If this is not a major requirement for you, then the test cases can be prioritized, so that ones affecting the requirements would be run first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7026" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T12:42:47.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10038" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-21T13:02:39.593" Score="2" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;After/while running tests I make notes which I want to see in the Test Suite. Is it possible to add these as a column? It isn't visible as a column option. Now, I have to view results of every Test Case to see the notes...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="221" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T12:06:29.803" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T20:41:26.680" Title="Add column Notes in MS Test Manager" Tags="&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-21T18:21:12.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Free online resources could be found on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with foundations and do all the readings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8910" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2014-10-24T15:18:07.413" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T15:18:07.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3035" CreationDate="2014-10-21T18:30:31.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;to be more precise, this is the number of times that &lt;strong&gt;call&lt;/strong&gt; method has been called by grinder agent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, line 16:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/g3/script-gallery.html#http.py&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/g3/script-gallery.html#http.py&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8910" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2014-10-21T20:15:08.180" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T20:15:08.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5572" CreationDate="2014-10-21T21:20:00.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hexawise is one of several tools that could help you: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify all the potential configurations for a given system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify a prioritized set of permutations that maximize coverage (based on user-specified coverage objectives).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As dzieciou mentioned, and provided links to above, multiple tools can do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer, I am the CEO of Hexawise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, for what it is worth, here is how the process works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, identify the different possible configuration options that might exist in the system you are testing.  Also, if relevant, you may want to include actions that users of the system might take, different data possibilities, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u6dH3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, click on &quot;Create Tests&quot; or the equivalent. That will bring up a set of highly varied, prioritized permutations. In this case, the default strength is to provide the smallest possible set of scenarios that would provide you with what is known as &quot;pairwise&quot; or &quot;all pairs&quot; coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XBl3e.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third, if you have a higher coverage goal (e.g., &quot;all possible permutations&quot;), you can select the appropriate coverage goal. Here, there are 6 parameters, so 6-way coverage would create a list of all 216 possible permutations.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/96hpR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is worth noting that 2-way solutions will tend to find the significant majority of defects. 3-way and higher strength will tend to find very few, if any. There is a lot of literature on this topic and quite a few studies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2014-10-21T21:20:00.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8997" CreationDate="2014-10-22T08:54:00.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a quote in front of the version. if you take it off your code should work&#xA;i.e &quot;version”:”6.1 should be &quot;version”:6.1,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9026" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T08:54:00.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10043" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-22T09:33:59.200" Score="-4" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please Tell Me Most sutable QA Tool for UI Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9027" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T04:57:46.060" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T04:57:46.060" Title="Sutable Tool For Quality Assurences" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-10-22T17:06:53.253" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10043" CreationDate="2014-10-22T10:09:01.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A reply equally broad as the question, but that does answer it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.testtoolreview.de&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.testtoolreview.de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filter tools based on your specific situation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare the available options on specifications that matter to you&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pick a winner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should research a bit more before asking generic questions like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2014-10-22T17:13:54.203" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T17:13:54.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-10-22T11:26:03.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way we test server-side validation is to disable the client-side validation through javascript. Not sure which testing framework you are using but the following example works in Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var javaScriptExecutor = (IJavaScriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;javaScriptExecutor&#xA;    .ExecuteScript(&quot;$('form').attr('novalidate', 'novalidate');&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9028" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T11:26:03.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-10-22T12:31:09.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To complete, if your UI is connected to your backend throw webservices I recommend you to use SoapUI. It is very easy to use and you can quickly automatize your tests: &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;- Parse the webservice URL to SoapUI&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;--&gt; It will display the list of methods (commands) visible&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;- Click on one of the methods you want to test&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;--&gt; SoapUI will display the XML used empty&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;- Fulfill the XML tag you need and push play&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Then you can record what you did as a test and add validations.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;If you need you can go deeper using your SoapUI project with JUnit or TestNG to get more flexibility in your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T12:31:09.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8177" CreationDate="2014-10-22T12:46:53.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few ways I would attempt this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VIA Javascript injection within the &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/console&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chrome&lt;/a&gt;/Firefox console&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/postman-rest-client/fdmmgilgnpjigdojojpjoooidkmcomcm?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;POSTMan&lt;/a&gt; to build the request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; to build the request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disabling JavaScript in the browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using outdated &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_web_browsers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;browsers&lt;/a&gt; which the functions might be incompatible with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is several other methods, if you want to automate your best options would be by sending raw HTTP Requests though. SoapUI, PostMan, Fiddler or several other utilities or custom built tools can achieve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T12:46:53.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7468" CreationDate="2014-10-22T17:14:56.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a web application which needed to be optimized for Mobile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our software uses the User Agent String all browsers send to determine if the requests are coming from a desktop device or a mobile device. If the latter, we respond with a mobile-enabled UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For our testing, we are able to perform a very high percentage of our functional testing using a desktop browser like Firefox or Chrome simply by faking the User Agent String. That way, the server thinks we are coming in via a mobile device, even when we aren't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More details here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2014/02/have-you-ever-faked-it-i-have.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2014/02/have-you-ever-faked-it-i-have.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-10-22T17:14:56.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10071" CreationDate="2014-10-23T06:43:52.830" Score="1" ViewCount="893" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following problem, I'm writing test cases for a application that produces visual output (e.g. graphs) the application is not done yet.&#xA;So how can i provide expected results, that not just states &quot;must be displayed correctly&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9016" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T07:28:12.887" Title="The result of a test case is a visual output (graph), how to provide expected result?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10023" CreationDate="2014-10-23T09:49:28.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're timing out, the WebdriverWait probably isn't finding anything - maybe a glitch in the XPath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try validating it manually on the page.&#xA;In the Chrome console, you can just use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;xpath here&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that render any result?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I would've commented rather than replied, but I'm short two reputation points.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T09:49:28.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10049" CreationDate="2014-10-23T12:04:44.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can mention the following additional points in the expected results for your visual output of tests run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The kind of variances that this visual output (graphs, charts,&#xA;signal waveform) can have for the variations in your steps,test&#xA;data,conditions, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The visual output must be in appropriate orientation &amp;amp; scale.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The visual output is transferable in other mediums such as print &amp;amp; PDF.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The output has proper color scheme, font which is easier to read and interpret.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This are the ones that hit my mind at the moment although I am sure there can be more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7380" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T12:04:44.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10052" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10053" CreationDate="2014-10-23T12:10:59.060" Score="1" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manula QA. But i want to turn to automation QA process, i select  Selenium(IDE, RC, WebDriver)as Functional Testing Tools. but i want help for learn this ID quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so anybody knows recommented tutorial or vedio for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9027" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T12:51:44.333" Title="Turn to automation QA process" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-10-23T19:01:28.377" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10052" CreationDate="2014-10-23T12:51:44.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following are the things you could start of with : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose the language in which you will implement your Selenium scripts from among Java, Python, Ruby, Perl, PHP, Javascript, etc. Learn one if you don't know. You don't need to be a real master to get started but the more you know the easier it will get to perform advanced operations in your scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refer to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium docs&lt;/a&gt; to get a good feel of what it actually is like.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are many books to get you started such as Selenium Cookbook, Selenium Simplified and others. All are available on leading e-stores so should be easily accessible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search the internet, there's loads of content on wonderful sites. Unfortunately my reputation isn't high enough to post more than one hyperlink otherwise I would have posted them here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the steps I have followed and found to be effective. There's loads of more things one can do, refer to other content but this should be sufficient to get you started and should give you a rough idea as to how to approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7380" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T12:51:44.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10023" CreationDate="2014-10-23T14:45:06.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;even though I put an explicit wait for 300 seconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code does not wait for 300 seconds. Your code waits until the element located by the xpath statement &quot;//div[@id='dpTradeDate']/span[@class='add-on']/i[@class='icon-calendar']&quot; is visible. If it is not visible after 300 seconds, it throws the exact error you're seeing: &lt;code&gt;timed out after 300 seconds&lt;/code&gt;. Therefore, your xpath is not pointing to a visible element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debug your xpath statement and your problem will be solved :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T14:45:06.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7781" CreationDate="2014-10-23T14:51:56.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What dimensions are most important to your customer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can grade &lt;strong&gt;accuracy&lt;/strong&gt; by dividing the number of correctly placed elements by the number of total elements. If that's the sole concern, it's really that simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can grade &lt;strong&gt;speed&lt;/strong&gt; by timing how long it takes the algorithm to complete. You may want to run it a number of times and take an average, since wall-clock runtime varies from run to run. If your customer is solely concerned with speed, this will be the measure you'll want. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your customer is concerned about &lt;strong&gt;both speed and accuracy&lt;/strong&gt;, you'll need to weight the scores. How important is speed compared to accuracy? If it's 50/50, you can give the faster algorithm one point and the more accurate algorithm one point and see if one is clearly better or if they are tied. If one factor is more important than the other, you'll want to weight the scores appropriately, maybe two points for accuracy and one for speed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're concerned with another metric, like &lt;strong&gt;CPU usage&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;file size&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;memory usage&lt;/strong&gt;, you'll need to measure that, and consider it in your final weighted algorithm. You may want to create a scoring algorithm, such as &lt;code&gt;accuracy + (speed in seconds)/2 + filesize*10&lt;/code&gt; and then rank the two approaches by final score. Again, it depends heavily on how important each factor is in the overall quality assessment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T14:51:56.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10024" CreationDate="2014-10-23T14:56:45.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you started the Selenium Server yet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kidding! You're probably in &quot;webdriver playback&quot; mode. There are two ways to play back tests that were recorded with Selenium IDE: using Selenium IDE, or using Webdriver. If you're using Webdriver, you have a client that connects to a server (sometimes a remote server), so you have to start the server component in order to let the client (Selenium IDE) connect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To turn off Webdriver playback, go to the Options dialog, and uncheck &quot;Enable Webdriver playback&quot;. Then restart the browser you're running Selenium IDE in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T14:56:45.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9947" CreationDate="2014-10-23T15:04:00.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know of an open-source solution, but since I use MailChimp for sending the emails, I know they offer a tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://kb.mailchimp.com/campaigns/previews-and-tests/test-with-inbox-inspector&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Inbox Inspector&lt;/a&gt; which simulates what the email looks like in different clients. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also might be worthwhile to set up an email account that can be imported into multiple clients using pop3 integration. Then, you could send the email to that account and have a manual tester verify that it looks right in multiple clients. This sort of thing really should be done as a manual test in my opinion, since it's concerned with look-and-feel, which is easiest to judge as a human. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T15:04:00.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9742" CreationDate="2014-10-23T16:28:58.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Poll for the maximum acceptable response time.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Decide the longest response time you are willing to accept. Then poll for that long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set your poll timeout such that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You cannot accept a longer response time,&#xA;even if the element were to appear on the next poll cycle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can accept a shorter response time,&#xA;no matter how grudgingly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to be generous with polling timeouts. Say 90 seconds. The drawback of long poll times is that if the system is broken in such a way that the element never appears, that failure will chew up 90 seconds of test execution time. The advantage is that the long poll timeout absorbs &quot;normal&quot; variation in network delays, garbage collection, CPU-contention, and other stuff that affects response time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you willing to wait 90 seconds for an element to appear? Or is 90 seconds a clear failure in your system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;'s explicit waits allow you to specify how long and how often to poll.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sprinkling while loops through your code will drive you crazy. Use &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;'s explicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you can tolerate lots of parentheses in your code, check out my 'expression' library: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Description: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/dhemery/hartley/wiki/Expressions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/dhemery/hartley/wiki/Expressions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On Maven Central: &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.maven.org/#browse%7C-1741383737&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://search.maven.org/#browse%7C-1741383737&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-10-23T16:28:58.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7147" CreationDate="2014-10-24T10:20:12.350" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have &lt;a href=&quot;http://apttest.in/how-to-capture-screenshot-in-webdriver-using-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;written a blog&lt;/a&gt; on how to take screen shots while using webdriver APIs, This is a basic code but it will help you in taking screenshots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package screenshot_package;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class screenshot {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://apttest.in&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        try{&#xA;            //take screenshot and save it in a file&#xA;            File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;&#xA;            //copy the file to the required path&#xA;            FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot,new File(&quot;C:\\Users\\udit\\Desktop\\screenshot.jpeg&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        }catch(Exception e){&#xA;            //if it fails to take screenshot then this block will execute&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Failure to take screenshot &quot;+e);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        finally&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Whatever happens with the screenshot, driver will quit.&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9043" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T11:43:21.690" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T11:43:21.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8126" CreationDate="2014-10-24T18:59:17.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to use a combination of techniques, the first involving a 'dependableClick()' which I have modified slightly starting with some code I found here on SE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void dependableClick(By by) throws InterruptedException&#xA;    {&#xA;        final int MAXIMUM_WAIT_TIME = 10;&#xA;        final int MAX_STALE_ELEMENT_RETRIES = 5;&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, MAXIMUM_WAIT_TIME);&#xA;        int retries = 0;&#xA;        while (true) {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(by)).click();&#xA;                return;&#xA;            } catch (StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;                if (retries &amp;lt; MAX_STALE_ELEMENT_RETRIES) {&#xA;                    retries++;&#xA;                    continue;&#xA;                }&#xA;                else {&#xA;                    throw e;&#xA;                }&#xA;            } catch (WebDriverException e2) {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;dependableClick catches WebDriverException...&quot;);&#xA;                Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;                if (retries &amp;lt; MAX_STALE_ELEMENT_RETRIES) {&#xA;                    retries++;&#xA;                    continue;&#xA;                }&#xA;                else {&#xA;                    throw e2;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helps anytime I need to click an element that, for any number of reasons, doesn't lend itself easily to being clicked.  I then leverage that in another method specifically for entering text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void inputTextToElement(By by, String text) throws Exception {&#xA;    dependableClick(by);  // get focus on element&#xA;    driver.findElement(by).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(by).sendKeys(text);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this method, the dependableClick() gets the focus after which we can continue as normal.  An example call might look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;inputTextToElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.inputbox_firstname&quot;), &quot;John&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Chrome in particular, I find these sorts of 'brute force' helper methods to be invaluable for many otherwise simple tasks.  When I start running into stale elements and missed clicks and such, I start looking into helper methods like these to encapsulate the error trapping that is sometimes necessary.  Once these are working, they really help to get me back into the flow of writing automation without having to trip over the same nonsense again and again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I'm sure there are infinitely more elegant ways to approach this than the code I'm showing here, but this is working for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9049" LastEditorUserId="9049" LastEditDate="2014-10-24T19:05:18.337" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T19:05:18.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2014-10-24T20:24:58.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of thinking about the tests first - stress, functional, whatever - think about who cares about the results of the test, and what does that imply about the importance of the test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a toaster, there is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The purchaser/toast-er. The want it to work, make good toast, look good in the kitchen, last a long time, and not electrocute them. (This is just a brainstorm sample, I'm sure there are many more.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your company wants to make maximum money off the toaster. It has to be cheap to make, easy to sell, and not have a lot of returns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you brainstorm a bit, you might come up with other interesting stakeholders, like the federal agencies that enforce standards on electronic appliances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can start looking at different types of tests, and you have a useful framework for evaluating which tests are really important - do they support an actual requirement of a stakeholder?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be enough to broadly lay out a useful test plan for the toaster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Weighing which requirements, and thus which related tests, are more important than others is a whole conversation by itself - one where experience plays a large role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T20:24:58.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9824" CreationDate="2014-10-24T20:57:43.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try this tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grid Wichterle&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=eu.inmite.android.gridwichterle&amp;amp;hl=cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=eu.inmite.android.gridwichterle&amp;amp;hl=cs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pixel Ruler&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pixel-ruler.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.pixel-ruler.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm author of the second one :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9050" LastActivityDate="2014-10-24T20:57:43.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10067" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-26T06:37:26.150" Score="3" ViewCount="883" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a test manager, and in the 3 years in the job I learned that when deciding whether to write a particular test or not, it is beneficial to look at the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the occurrence of the scenario? The more frequent the scenario that more important is to have a test that covers it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the impact to the user if the scenario breaks? Things like crashes or data loss have high impact and should be tested. Things like misaligned buttons or sub-optimal translations, even if occur in frequent scenarios, have a low impact and usually should not be tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the probability that a bug will be found in this scenario? If the functionality was tested multiple times already and few changes were made since you probably don't need to write a test. If bugs are common in this functionality or if the underlying software infrastructure is problematic, then you probably should write a test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my current methodology is to write tests with the highest scenario frequency, impact and probability of finding a bug, and then moving downward in this 3D matrix until no time is left for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I add this to the curriculum for new employees, would you care to comment on it? Maybe I missed something important, or maybe I am looking at this incorrectly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Here I am talking about manual tests that are only run in the final verification cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7238" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T18:37:00.450" Title="Testing matrix: occurence/impact/probability of bug" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9933" CreationDate="2014-10-26T22:17:27.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Karlo mentions (I'll explain a little more) the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Black Box Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; (BBST) courses are the most in-depth courses I've ever taken (or seen). They are university-level courses so they contain a TON of information from a wide-variety of sources. Take a look at this diagram explaining the emphasis for each of the BBST courses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vJSzH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing Knowledge, learning skills and testing skills are the main emphasis for 4 available courses. The courses are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BBST: Foundations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BBST: Bug Advocacy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BBST: Test Design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BBST: Domain Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BBST Foundations is the first course. The materials are available online &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; free for the first 3 courses. Then next course (domain testing) is proprietary so you'll have to find someone who teaches them. There's also a workbook for BBST Foundations on &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0989811921&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amazon&lt;/a&gt; and there's at least one review (mine) on the workbook.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The classes are a great way to get an introduction to testing theory because they gradually introduce you to concepts and then provide you with even more (20+) references that you'll be able to use to gain more information, including half a dozen or so book recommendations. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Association for Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; runs regular classes for their members. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cem Kaner's publication list on his &lt;a href=&quot;http://kaner.com/?page_id=7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;website&lt;/a&gt; has hundreds of references related to software testing that I suggest you skim. Also skim the BBST website. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want more resources than this, just ask. =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2014-10-26T22:17:27.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10049" CreationDate="2014-10-27T01:05:58.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The test process you are looking for is called inspection. It is primarily a manual process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a given set of data, the result must be displayed in a certain format and needs to be compared to an exemplar. How you produce the exemplar is up to you. I might suggest that a hand-drawn representation of the display output is sufficient early on, while you might have better results from professional tools (Excel or R) later on when you are refining your presentation. Mark up the exemplar with salient points of comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second part of the inspection has to do with the graphical representation: colours, groups of colours, fonts, sizes, textual display, etc. Again, for any given set of input data, there should be a checklist of things that must be present and displayed properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8068" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T01:05:58.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10067" CreationDate="2014-10-27T10:18:23.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically your methodology for choosing tests is correct- start with common use cases, highest impact, buggy areas BUT then there is reality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all you have to multiply the values for probability impact and bugginess, a rarely used feature but with disastrous impact is something you want to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's see how those three metrics behave in reality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When your product is new, or when you are testing a generic product (let's say a software library or the software for a new chip) you don't know what would be the most used features and use cases, and even if you do know you can &quot;kill&quot; a less used feature if you neglect to test it properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Impact is an important metric, but the only impact you can predict is a simple &quot;feature not working&quot;, something that is usually with lower severity. Usually the deadly and costly bugs are hard to predict and except for some simple cases it's even hard to tell where to find or look for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like you said you can asses how buggy something will be, but this won't work on new software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally don't forget module dependency- a lot of times a bug manifests itself in a &quot;simple&quot; module, but the root cause is somewhere deeper and more complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take for example the software for a USB stack. There are some must-test-first things, but then you have a long long list of equally medium priority features.&#xA;Most of the features have complex code, and are inter dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T10:18:23.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10074" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-27T10:41:36.280" Score="-2" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;p&gt;what is the difference between the Website and Web application? For eg: facebook, twitter, myntra, onlinesbi etc...this are all website are web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8886" LastActivityDate="2020-09-16T05:30:19.750" Title="Website &amp; Web Application" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2020-09-16T20:21:33.233" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10075" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-27T11:00:33.937" Score="1" ViewCount="3402" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario to verify the status of checkbox whether this is disable or enable but i did not fine any keyword for that, It would be great if somebody help to get this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8547" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T16:05:59.137" Title="How to check status of checkbox in robotframework" Tags="&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10067" CreationDate="2014-10-27T12:43:02.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My typical Order of Operation for testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functionality Validation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ensuring that the change functions correctly is typically the first order of the testing. Ensuring that the basic things. Make certain that x does y when z happens. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data level validation/Penetration testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ensuring that the impact of the change on the data level is inserting correctly and verification that all new data inserts do not expose a security vulnerability. This means SQLI and such in order to attempt to compromise your data's security. Also ensuring that your data is accurate both on the front end and in storage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luckily, I don't deal with GUIs too often, I have mainly focused on back ends but I suppose this is where testers would verify that buttons are aligned and such. I would personally put a higher preference on Performance Testing and having your manual testers working with the performance testing team in order to ensure full functionality under stress but during this stage the performance testers will likely be writing and verifying their scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performance testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a background in development I will typically review the source code at this point and look for bottlenecks within the system. This can also be achieved by manually triggering events or asking your loadtesting or automation teams to kick off some scripts. Manual testing in conjunction with a load on the system will expose a lot of different issues that you otherwise may not see. A great loadtest that I perform with all new insertions is what happens with a trickle load (A long, conistent load). If the system is designed to clear a queue before it ends than by designing a trickle load it will essentially make the system constantly run. This could cause a dramatically higher load on the database than may be necessary and cause other issues within the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for test writing, I will typically write as many tests as I possibly can. Some would be put into a regression suite as a 'Nice to have tested' area while others are organized neatly, depending on their priority. I will take the above order of operation and rank my tests based on where they would go within the above, and then how high of a priority for the above scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My typical rule of thumb is data-based, so after initial smoke testing ensuring that data is accurate and safe will be the highest priority. Second priority would be ensuring that the amount of code coverage is as close to 100% as possible. Third Priority would be usability and performance testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your methods, I do like them. They are very well planned out it seems but I do have a question for you.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you know the impact and probability of a defect prior to testing it? I have seen seemingly minor changes have massively large impacting defects that could have caused data leaks and security vulnerabilities. Had these not been tested and fixed, that company could have been Home Depot or one of the several other companies on the news recently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T12:43:02.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10074" CreationDate="2014-10-27T13:18:49.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what is the difference between the Website and Web application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a QA point of view, there is no difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some application development tools/environments have these as different choices, depending on the tasks involved in the project (see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd547590(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd547590(v=vs.110).aspx&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T13:18:49.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10038" CreationDate="2014-10-27T15:40:40.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding new column for Test suite depends on version of &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; that you're using. In &lt;em&gt;TFS 2013&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Test Suite&lt;/em&gt; is a work item like any other, but apparently there's no easy way to get additional information. Comment field (it's 'Description' in TFS, but it looks the same to me) can be accessed via pressing &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;G&lt;/kbd&gt; (&quot;Go to work item&quot; window will appear) and fill in &quot;Work item ID&quot; field with Test Suite Id which can be obtained in the Plan or Test section after clicking on suite in the suites tree:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2cJZw.png&quot; alt=&quot;Suite id position&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: AFAIK it's the resolution that doesn't work on &lt;em&gt;TFS 2012&lt;/em&gt; and earlier versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9019" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-08-10T11:56:54.070" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T11:56:54.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10049" CreationDate="2014-10-27T17:21:11.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few ideas come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If this is a webapp, the data may be passed as JSON to a javascript library, so you could verify the data in addition to the visual output.  If it's using a well known graph/chart library, this may be sufficient, otherwise you're going to be testing the library and not your application.  Obviously, still spot-check the graphs, but don't spend a ton of time trying to break the library.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have known data sets, then you should have known charts, so the inspection can be simplified&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T17:21:11.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9330" CreationDate="2014-10-27T18:32:56.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Xvfb in our Continuous Integration environment and it is working great. &#xA;It's no problem to take screenshots from Selenium for later analysis when errors are found. &#xA;We have found no problems with this solution, rather a great advantage to be able to use virtual servers to spawn massively parallel tests against installations of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9070" LastActivityDate="2014-10-27T18:32:56.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10067" CreationDate="2014-10-28T04:16:29.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your approach seems to be correct. Although, one thing I conclude from it is that you probably work a lot on time frame based projects. I mean there is always a time limit on the task. So it is always hood to have a priority based approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To decide the priority you may first look for things like - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is the software intended to do?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Who would be possible users of the software?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does the software handle sensitive and critical user data. For eg. Credit card info. In such case your priority may be security.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What frequency of users the software is suppose to handle? In this case your priority may be performance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If it is an art gallery than the priority will be the GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;... Think of as many scenarios as you can.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now decide what is your priority. Is it security, performance, ui or functionality, etc. And which modules of the software would be used more frequently than others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then depending on the priority go from top to bottom based on the availability of time!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps... :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T10:59:59.067" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T10:59:59.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10074" CreationDate="2014-10-28T04:24:09.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is in an individual's perception. It all depends on what you think. Many would say that Facebook is a web application, whereas others would say it is a website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example services like the ATM software, payment gateway, email service can all be thought of a web application. But if you really get into the depth you will see that they have webpages built which execute in web browsers and run on technology that is used for developing and executing web services, which by definition according to me makes them a website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the true answer is IT DEPENDS on how you look at it... ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T04:24:09.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10049" CreationDate="2014-10-28T07:28:12.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few possibilities, and the most suitable depends mostly on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the test designer know for sure he will also test the case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there some sort of criterias existing stating what is the correct output&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if it is possible that someone else is going to test the case, a bit more effort should be given to describe the desired test. On this case it would mean more, but smaller steps. ( &quot;Check this&quot;, &quot;check that&quot; instead of &quot;Check the whole thing&quot; ) This make it easier to at least test the right things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are criterias existing, refer to them. You might not need to repeat the criterias in the test steps, just add reference in the test case. Sometimes the &quot;must be displayed correctly&quot; might be a good test case if there is decent sized requirement / design document you inspect against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T07:28:12.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10086" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-28T07:44:52.577" Score="0" ViewCount="317" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working as a full time QA employee but seeking opportunity in a part time job in QA. I want to find any company or website for a part time QA job. Please suggest any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9027" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T19:52:42.437" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T19:52:42.437" Title="Freelancer Job For QA" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2014-10-28T14:36:15.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10020" CreationDate="2014-10-28T09:32:08.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you haven't already, search for &quot;model-based testing&quot;. To me it seems that your problem fits well to that scheme: create a model of expected behaviour and let the testing tool run millions of tests to check the implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't actually prove anything. Formal validation needs to explicitly go through all paths (as far as I know). Model-based testing just helps generating a lot of different paths. Additionally any problems with the model cause either parts not being tested in the software or false positive errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastEditorUserId="2338" LastEditDate="2014-10-28T13:19:19.027" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T13:19:19.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10086" CreationDate="2014-10-28T11:52:35.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many sites like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;utest.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amazon's mechanical Turk: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mturk.com/mturk/welcome&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.mturk.com/mturk/welcome&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Freelancer.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;elance.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got them by 15 seconds of googling for title of your question. There are more, but you get the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure and warning: I never used any of them in any way, do your own research (google for reviews) before signing in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T11:52:35.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10086" CreationDate="2014-10-28T13:15:54.977" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google freelance websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try freelancer.com&#xA;Elance.com&#xA;Odesk.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And there are many other sites for such services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find help on forums like softwaretestingclub.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T13:15:54.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10095" CreationDate="2014-10-28T14:45:28.520" Score="0" ViewCount="2514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am asked to create a load test for a web page and analyze its results. I am new to this and having a hard time in understanding a few keywords. Could anyone please help me with them and also point me to a web page/ book that has indepth discussion about these keywords. Thanks. Here they go:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response time distribution (y axis shows &quot;percentage of requests&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;response time percentiles over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is latency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;latency percentiles over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is RPS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;latency against RPS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;response time against global RPS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also this could be a small question but being new to all this, I am unable to figure out an answer for the following question: So will a load test actually perform the UI actions or is it just that it will go fetch the url ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks again!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8999" LastEditorUserId="8428" LastEditDate="2014-10-28T19:35:31.897" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T23:07:32.007" Title="Load testing result analysis- please help understand a few keywords" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9742" CreationDate="2014-10-28T16:15:58.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try writing a method that you can reuse whenever you want to find a new web element, but that will timeout after a specific time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to try/catch all the WebDriver exceptions, not just Stale Element. Make sure to include a sleep time in the catch, or else the test will retry like crazy whenever a try fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static WebElement getElementByLocator(final String elementName, final By locator, final int waitTime)&#xA;{&#xA;    final long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;    boolean found = false;&#xA;    WebElement we = null;&#xA;    while( (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) &amp;lt; 20000 )&#xA;    {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            we = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(locator));&#xA;            found = true;&#xA;            break;&#xA;        } catch ( WebDriverException e) {&#xA;            log.error(&quot;Exception when trying to find element: &quot; + elementName + &quot;\n&quot;, e);&#xA;            Thread.sleep(waitTime);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;    long totalTime = endTime - startTime;&#xA;    if (found) {&#xA;        log.info(&quot;Successfully found the element: &quot; + elementName + &quot; - waited for: &quot; + totalTime + &quot; ms&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(waitTime);&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        log.error(&quot;COULD NOT FIND THE ELEMENT: &quot; + elementName + &quot; - after waiting for: &quot; + totalTime + &quot; ms&quot;);&#xA;        fail(&quot;TEST CASE FAILED ON: &quot; + elementName);&#xA;    }&#xA;    return we;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9078" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T16:15:58.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10108" CreationDate="2014-10-28T16:31:23.217" Score="3" ViewCount="969" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have, in part, the following html structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[other menu buttons]&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;yuimenubaritemlabel yuimenubaritemlabel-hassubmenu&quot; onclick=&quot;javascript:navigateTo('[redacted]');&quot;&amp;gt;ORDER CENTER&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;[other menu buttons]&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;foo&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;sizeTextbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a id=&quot;bttnSubmitSearchBySize&quot; class=&quot;bttnSubmitProductSearchBySize&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    [snip other controls]&#xA;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the following code in my PageObject to handle it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(foo);&#xA;//Search&#xA;sizeTextbox.sendKeys(size);&#xA;bttnSubmitSearchBySize.click();&#xA;[snip WebDriverWait for the search results to appear]&#xA;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where foo, sizeTextbox, and bttnSubmitSearchBySize are all WebElements lazy-loaded via PageObject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first time I perform the search in my test, everything works great. I enter a size, I click search, I find the row, I toggle a checkbox in it. I then go off to another page to verify that the checkbox changed the state of the product. I then come back to this page and, in theory, perform the same search, toggle the checkbox, and go off to verify that the product changed state again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the second time I try to click bttnSubmitSearchBySize, instead, the Order Center button is clicked, and I am taken to the Order Center page. Furthermore, it seems to either be clicked multiple times or be hovered over, as there's a dropdown menu that appears on hover and it toggles on and off repeatedly until the test finally dies. This happens even if I recreate the PageObject to force it to re-find the button, and even if I manually re-find the button just before clicking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I doing wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: I've narrowed down the code responsible. The following snippit will also trigger the issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;page.navigateTo();&#xA;page.searchBySize(size);&#xA;driver.navigate().refresh();&#xA;page.searchBySize(size);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(where searchBySize is the method containing the above search code). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far nothing I've put after the refresh will prevent the bug; I've tried re-calling initElements and making a new instance of the pageObject both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ETA: Today I discovered that &lt;strong&gt;this only happens in IE&lt;/strong&gt;, specifically IE10, it does &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; happen in Chrome. I have therefore performed the following troubleshooting steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verified that zoom is at 100%&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tried maximizing the window. No change. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Printed the location and size of the element. It's identical on both passes, but only the first succeeds. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T14:20:07.987" LastActivityDate="2015-04-12T19:24:18.493" Title="Why does WebDriver click an unrelated button in the wrong frame?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10092" CreationDate="2014-10-28T17:09:39.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried finding element again right before you click it, instead of lazy loading it?  I don't know how lazy loading works, but it seems the element stored in bttnSubmitSearchBySize is not the element you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; bttnSubmitSearchBySize = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;bttnSubmitSearchBySize&quot;));&#xA; bttnSubmitSearchBySize.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T17:09:39.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10090" CreationDate="2014-10-28T21:11:11.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A load test will send network level requests (HTTP GET/POST) from your load test machine to the webserver.  Most load testing application have record/playback functionality.  In the example of HP LoadRunner/PerformanceCenter, when you record it will create a script based on what your browser sent(requests) to the webserver.  This script can then be made dynamic and re-run for multiple users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response time distribution they are likely referring to seeing how the response times measured over time.  You would likely present a scatter plot type graph that shows the individual responses over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RPS could refer to 'requests per second', 'responses per second', and likely even more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Latency I found this to be a good read:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://compnetworking.about.com/od/speedtests/a/network_latency.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://compnetworking.about.com/od/speedtests/a/network_latency.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what tool you are using, but these sites should help you regardless of the tool.  For general reading I suggest you look at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Automation123 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://automation123.blogspot.com/2011/04/loadrunner-scripting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://automation123.blogspot.com/2011/04/loadrunner-scripting.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LoadRunner scripting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;C Programming - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/c-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/c-tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C tutorial - used for LoadRunner scripting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Blaze Meter Webinar - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&amp;amp;v=cv7KqxaLZd8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&amp;amp;v=cv7KqxaLZd8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Awesome introduction to using JMeter (1 hr 24 mins long).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;SQA Forums - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/forums/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sqaforums.com/forums/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Very active forums for quality assurance professionals.  Separate forums for general QA, testing tools, QA engineering, and QA testing types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Joe Colantonio - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joecolantonio.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.joecolantonio.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Blogger who has excellent posts on HP LoadRunner, HP QC/ALM, Selenium, HP Service Test, and HP QTP/UFT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wilson Mar - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wilsonmar.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wilsonmar.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Excellent lengthy posts on Loadrunner, VuGen Scripting, PerfTest Plan, Capacity Planning, Quality Center, and Test Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Guru99 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Manual Testing, QTP, SQL, Quality Center, Selenium, Linux, and LoadRunner text and video tutorials.  There are also some practice tests as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T21:11:11.337" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10090" CreationDate="2014-10-28T23:07:32.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you may be using Gatling for your testing. Their documentation is unfortunately a little light with respect to these definitions: &lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/docs/2.0.0-RC3/general/reports.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gatling.io/docs/2.0.0-RC3/general/reports.html&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a high level, latency is how long it takes for data to travel from one point to another. Response Time is how long it takes for data to travel from point A to point B and then back again. Like when you tell a web server you want to visit a page. You send a request to the server (SYN), the server receives your request and sends you the page (SYN-ACK), and then you acknowledge you received the page (ACK) which allows the remote server to set up the connection once it sees your ACKnowledgement. Look up TCP 3-way handshake for more info on response times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will try to expand on the specific items you have listed to better explain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response Time Distribution&lt;/strong&gt;: This chart shows you the percentage of all requests made during your test run on the Y axis. It will include both successes and failures. All of the Y values should add up to 100%. The response time (the time it takes to request the page and send data back to the server to acknowledge you received it) is on the x axis. As you increase load on the server, you should see the data on this chart move farther to the right (response times will get slower).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response time percentiles over time&lt;/strong&gt;: This is similar to Response Time Distribution, but it shows you the data over a longer period of time to assess how your system behaves when under a sustained load. For example, 200 users accessing various web pages over the course of 5 minutes. You want to analyze the high response times that appear in this page and see if they are expected and how they change based on the duration of load and number of users. Sometimes servers will see lots of failures after a specific time period based on timeout configuations, keepalives, etc. Depending on what you are testing, you may have 24hr or even 1week long sustained load tests to run to see how long it takes for the server to fail under load and how it recovers from the failure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latency&lt;/strong&gt;: This is the time it takes for the network packet to travel from the source (the server under load) to the destination (your gatling tool, or the hardware it is monitoring to be specific). When the network is under heavy load, it will take longer for packets to arrive and affect your page response times, so it's an important metric to consider when analyzing overall results as it can show network bottlenecks that may be impacting your server and/or your test results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latency percentiles over time&lt;/strong&gt;: This basically tells how long it takes to receive the first packet for each page request throughout the duration of your load test. If you look at this chart in the Gatling documentation, the first spike is just before 21:30:20 on the x axis and tells you that 100% of the pages requested took longer than 1000 milliseconds to get the first packet from source to destination, but that number fell significantly after 21:30:20. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is RPS&lt;/strong&gt;: In Gatling, this is &quot;Requests per Second&quot;. The number of times you make a request for a resource from the server per second. For example, if you simulate 200 users accessing one file on a server all at the same time once a second, you'll have 200 requests per second. Like Jay said, however, this could be any number of definitions in other tools. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latency against Global RPS&lt;/strong&gt;: By now, you may see a pattern here. This is showing you how latency is affected based on the number of requests you are making per second in your test. For example, when 160 resources are requested per second, it will take 200 milliseconds for the data packet to transfer from the source (web server) to the destination (test tool, or whatever hardware the tool is monitoring).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response time against Global RPS&lt;/strong&gt;: This is the same as Latency against Global RPS, but instead of measuring latency, it measure all responses per second you have configured in your test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your final question about performing UI actions, you can certainly invoke UI actions upon accessing a page and put that single page under heavy load to see how it performs. It depends on what you are specifically load testing. Load testing a server is different than load testing a web application because of the UI involved and perhaps multiple different servers involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user9054" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T23:07:32.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9303" CreationDate="2014-10-28T23:37:01.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without talking to you directly I don't know what exactly what you mean when you say &quot;exploratory testing&quot;. When I say exploratory testing I mean: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;an &lt;strong&gt;approach&lt;/strong&gt; to software testing that can be described as simultaneous learning, test design and test execution. Exploratory testing is contrasted with scripted testing but they are both part of the same spectrum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The community of testers I belong to also follow a definition very similar to this.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I like this diagram by James Bach. It helps visualize the exploratory vs. scripted testing spectrum a little bit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nLMcO.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So to answer your question&lt;/strong&gt;, as long as you learn throughout the project and constantly create new tests that are more powerful than the old ones, then you are doing exploratory testing and it doesn't matter what specific time or phase you commit to it. It's possible to do exploratory testing in any phase, even while writing tests for TDD. What matters is that you are providing value with your testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T05:06:36.893" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T05:06:36.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2571" CreationDate="2014-10-28T23:51:59.070" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is difficult to get direct feedback on testing skills, especially with regards to test techniques. I do have a couple of suggestions though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find a testing mentor. This can be someone who has the same amount of experience you do but maybe in a different area or someone with vastly more experience. It doesn't really matter as long as you can learn from them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find a small community or group of testers that challenge you and whom you can challenge a bit. That way you can do some small competitions between one another, focusing on different skills. Conferences and Meetups are good places to do this. If you know of any testing dojo's - join them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Join your local chapter of &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Weekend Testing&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Participate in a testing competition like the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingworldcup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Testing World Cup&lt;/a&gt; or any others that come up.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also take a few classes and get feedback. James Bach's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/rapidtestintensives.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rapid Testing Intensive Online&lt;/a&gt; has students test a particular product and then James provides feedback (usually on everyone who submits work). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you take BBST: Test Design and especially with BBST: Domain Testing you'll get really good feedback on your domain test technique skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2014-10-28T23:51:59.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-29T05:41:21.600" Score="2" ViewCount="585" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing with some responsive tools for responsible website test.But sometimes these tools don't give me equal result. Like iPhone &amp;amp; iPad results &amp;amp; tools results don't match each with others. So that I am facing new problem &amp;amp; I can't find out bugs. At this time which tools will be better for testing responsive website it's most important for bug tracking.If anyone can give me others tools name &amp;amp; also url for testing responsive websites testing so please inform me. I am testing by these Tools are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studiopress.com/responsive/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.studiopress.com/responsive/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/responsive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.browserstack.com/responsive&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I had some testing tools but I didn't share because my reputation isn't 10 up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8643" LastActivityDate="2021-01-12T10:06:05.897" Title="Responsive website testing tools" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10074" CreationDate="2014-10-29T09:20:55.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say the website is what the user sees and can interact with in the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The web application is the thing that handles those interactions and tells the browser what to display.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user doesn't interact with the application directly, only with the website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9066" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T09:20:55.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10074" CreationDate="2014-10-29T10:01:57.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A very basic explanation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Website is just a web page where most of the time testing will be of broken links and broken images and more if SEO is being processed on/for that website&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web application is a application where there has to be more work from the testing point of view for example applying various types of testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T11:03:19.203" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T11:03:19.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10098" CreationDate="2014-10-29T10:05:22.290" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the options is as you have already tried - browserstack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can install android SDK on your machine. It provides an emulator for various screen sizes and android os.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For iOS you can try the xcode. I haven't used it personally but it is somewhat like the android sdk but for iOS. You will need Mac OS and iTunes store to install it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter which emulator or tool you use, it will never give you proper result as the original device. The reason behind this being the difference in the environment. The environment, that is, the hardware and software that a PC operates on is different than the one's of a phone. Hence, the browsers are also different and they render webpages and their content in a different way. The emulators running on your computer will try to give you as close results to a phone as possible but never the actual result as you will get on phones. So sometimes all the emulators will do is change the screen resolution but it will not render the script as a mobile browser would.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you are looking for the best option is to test on the actual device!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2014-10-29T10:57:04.043" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T10:57:04.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5310" CreationDate="2014-10-29T12:07:20.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.SwitchTo().frame(&quot;Fancybox-frame&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Driver.findElement(&quot;enter your xpath to close popup&quot;).click();&#xA;&#xA;Driver.SwitchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T07:21:46.337" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T07:21:46.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10092" CreationDate="2014-10-29T14:28:54.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;InternetExplorerDriver has had issues in the past with getting coordinates inside frames; the issue I found claimed to be resolved, but for a simpler use case, whereas my page uses a lot of frames. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A workaround that clicks more reliably: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, bttnSubmitSearchBySize);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T14:28:54.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9303" CreationDate="2014-10-29T17:21:53.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes we too do exploratory it's very important to perform due to which we encounter the issues, which may occur while a new user is using the application. Definitely it is performed in the last phase but it's not ignored at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T17:21:53.787" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10110" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10116" CreationDate="2014-10-29T17:31:53.610" Score="1" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Bachelors in Merchandising and have been in sales and customer service roles since I graduated in 2011.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My boyfriend is a Project Manager and is assisting me into becoming a tester. &#xA;OK my Question, since I don’t have tester work experience nor an IT education how would I get noticed to be hired as a tester? Should I get a certification and if so what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9097" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-10-30T08:47:51.137" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T20:13:54.647" Title="from Merchandising Major to QATester" Tags="&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2014-10-29T17:50:17.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This type of questions may be asked one has to be ready for it. I would start with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it have any indication like light glows or has any sound option while on start up&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Checking out the size of bread fit in here also explanatory test can be performed inserting a bread less than the required size and also more because people will often do such creative thing and we will also be aware of its behavior&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Time of bread being toasted is it as indicated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The voltage input test because most of the device doesn't perform well under low voltage and our bread can not be consumed of over toasted in high voltage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any display or indication provided and a test to verify is out working fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many such other test can be performed depending on the features of equipment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T17:50:17.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7147" CreationDate="2014-10-29T17:54:54.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The command should be: &lt;code&gt;captureEntireScreenhot&lt;/code&gt; which is available in commands and the target should be the address of the folder where the screenshot is to be saved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has to be written manually. Example as requested:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();   &#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;); &#xA;File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); &#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;c:\saving location\filename.png&quot;))`;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this clears your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T02:32:40.673" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T02:32:40.673" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10110" CreationDate="2014-10-29T18:12:29.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;welcome to SQA StackExchange!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The great thing about QA (please avoid the term 'tester', especially in interviews) is that it requires a broad range of personalities with a broad range of backgrounds. There is no single silver bullet training or personality that will discover all of the issues found within software. Honestly, some of the best people whom I have worked in within the QA field had no particular background or formal training in QA (As a matter of fact, I don't either).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how do you get into it? Well, your boyfriend would be a good start to begin with. He can likely at least get you an interview. The question then becomes how do you translate your interview into a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show that &lt;strong&gt;YOU&lt;/strong&gt; took the initiative and learned about QA (which you are doing now). Learn the different aspects of manual testing, testing utilities and what have you. Learn some basic concepts and while not an absolute requirement something that is extremely beneficial will be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/sql/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQL&lt;/a&gt;. There is several posts here regarding different training materials. I would focus on manual and avoid automation unless you have development history.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review interview questions for QA. Don't do this expecting the interviewer to ask those exact questions but more to see if you are a solid fit for the field. I will post a few as an example:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you were tasked with testing a Red light at an intersection how would you perform this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you were tasked with testing that when a customer orders 12 items it recommends a dozen pack how would you test this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When tasked with testing a piece of software with vague requirements, how would you handle this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first 2 are designed to see what your thought process is. Do you think of the edge cases, the factors that are not directly related to the task (IE, the crosswalk signal that is connected to the red light). The third is, sadly, seeing how well you would handle and how you would react to what is real world daily events at a majority of locations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand why you are wanting to get into QA. Interviewers can tell when someone is feeling pressured into something versus when it is their passion. If you are passionate about it you will likely be nervous, calm and excited all at once.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall though, at the end of the day, the question is why do you think you would be good for a QA department? There is no particular certificate, degree or experience that is required. Put in applications, contact recruiters and study up as much as possible. A lot of interviewers will respect that you, in your personal spare time, learned this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T18:12:29.223" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10067" CreationDate="2014-10-29T18:37:00.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;when deciding whether to write a particular test or not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you are talking about &lt;strong&gt;Test Design&lt;/strong&gt;. Test Design isn't simply&#xA;about creating tests, its about applying your test strategy to choosing specific&#xA;test techniques, generating test ideas (test cases), support data - basically the totality of your decisions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For newbies test design can be about generating new and interesting test ideas and for&#xA;experienced testers it can be about limiting them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comments:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Your bullet points make it sound like you mainly use scenario testing and maybe functional&#xA;testing as your test techniques. Is this the case? But what about the others like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Claims&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Domain (boundary / equivalence class)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stress (load)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risk &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automatic (not just regression)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So my current methodology is to write tests with the highest scenario&#xA;  frequency, impact and probability of finding a bug, and then moving downward in&#xA;  this 3D matrix until no time is left for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds like you are using some type of risk based testing which is good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Things like misaligned buttons or sub-optimal translations, even if occur in frequent scenarios, have a low impact and usually should not be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; be true now but might not always be the case. It could change based on your information objective or your mission. I'm testing something right now where the Interface and Usability are a high-priority and &lt;em&gt;should be tested&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here I am talking about manual tests that are only run in the final verification cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you telling your testers not to automate? Are you saying manual testing as a comparison to automated regression? I've found the most useful types of automation are not used for regression. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what you mean by &quot;final verification&quot;- but as is the case with many questions on these forums it's can be hard to comment on the exact nature of your work without knowing more about it. =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Summary:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of decisions that go into deciding &lt;em&gt;whether to write a particular test, or&#xA;not&lt;/em&gt; like the amount of time you have, experience with the product, skills in particular&#xA;test techniques, the ability to conceptualize all of the things that could go wrong, etc.&#xA;One of the tools that helps me with these decisions (helps me recognize the possible things to do) is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/htsm.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;James Bach's Heuristic Test Strategy Model&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However simply applying the exact same strategy (order of operation / order to test techniques) to every single situation is probably not the best idea - unless every situation is the same and/or identical. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question &quot;when deciding whether to write a particular test or not, &#xA;it is beneficial to look at... &quot; - &lt;strong&gt;everything&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T18:37:00.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10110" CreationDate="2014-10-29T19:00:54.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First&lt;/strong&gt;, please feel free to use whatever terms you like to describe what you do or what you want to do. (I happen to like the term tester - I think it's more accurate). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second&lt;/strong&gt;, you've got some research to do. Start with articles online about software testing, look into buying a few books like Testing Computer Software by Cem Kaner, and think about taking the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Black Box Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; courses through &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.associationforsoftwaretesting.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AST&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cem Kaner lists the following areas of skill he thinks are necessary for testers and I like them as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Knowledge - Facts and concepts of testing. Structures for organizing testing knowledge.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Social Skills - Working together in groups. Peer reviews. Using collaboration tools (e.g. wikis)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Computing Fundamentals - Facts and concepts of computer science.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learning Skills - Using lectures, slides, and readings effectively. Searching for supplementary information. Using these materials to form and defend your own opinion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Skills - How to actually do things. Getting better (through practice and feedback) at actually doing them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Third&lt;/strong&gt;, one the easiest way to get some experience is to join a crowdsource testing website like uTest. You can dive quickly into the test products with almost no experience and if you keep at it you'll probably provide some value, get paid a little and most importantly gain some experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also look to Weekend Testing, testing meetups in your area, etc. for other ways to interact with and learn from fellow testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fourth&lt;/strong&gt;, there have been a few posts on subjects very similar to this like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3716/what-does-a-sofware-qa-person-need-to-know-to-perform-their-job-essentially/3718#3718&quot;&gt;What does a Sofware QA Person Need to Know to Perform Their Job (Essentially)?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3846/how-can-i-transition-into-getting-into-qa/3861#3861&quot;&gt;How can I transition into getting into QA?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1920/best-guidelines-for-bug-reporting/2939#2939&quot;&gt;Best guidelines for bug reporting?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/55/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-positions/2666#2666&quot;&gt;How should you interview for QA positions?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/42/suggested-books-to-start-on-software-testing/2685#2685&quot;&gt;Suggested books to start on software testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've listed a few but I'm sure you'll be able to find many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fifth&lt;/strong&gt;, find a mentor. Someone who you can work with, who knows what testing is about. Right now this might be your boyfriend but when you find someone who knows a little more - work with them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T19:00:54.330" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9206" CreationDate="2014-10-29T23:35:50.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Criteria you've specified:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Affordable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Powerful enough&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything you want to consider? The &lt;em&gt;most affordable&lt;/em&gt; is VirtualBox because it's free. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;most powerful&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have any hard data on which performs the best but when I had to make the choice (last year) between the three applications to run on my MacBook Pro &lt;em&gt;I chose Parallels&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the time Parallels seemed to have better support for Windows 8 and 8.1 (better performance than either VirtualBox or VMware). The graphics processing and rendering was far better than the others which meant I could play Windows games on my Mac if I wanted to and most importantly it supported the Retina resolution for the virtual OSes and VMware didn't do that. For me &lt;em&gt;Parallels was powerful enough&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I have now with Parallels is they release a brand new paid version every time Apple releases a new version of OS X. That means within a year the software is &quot;out of date&quot; and all existing (mainstream) support for the product stops. I don't want to spend $50+ a year in upgrades, although I might have to when Windows 10 comes out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I had with VirtualBox was it didn't do Retina display scaling (at the time), didn't have the same graphical processing capabilities (not sure if that's still true) and I thought I would use the better OS X integration (embed Windows apps in OS X) - but I never did. VirtualBox is that one application I keep around in-case something doesn't work in Parallels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never tried VMware but for me it sits in between the other two - unless they've recently made some gains or offer better features. I think there's a $10 difference between Parallels ($80) and VMware ($70).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as you have a powerful enough machine underneath the hypervisor I think you'll be fine with any of them. I'd double-check your criteria before buying something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2014-10-29T23:35:50.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10118" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-29T23:48:43.973" Score="1" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I have several code-level integration tests, and my integration strategy is to integrate the components in a bottom-up manner, should I perform a build for each integration level of the modules? Or should I just run all tests in a single build?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7253" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T20:52:15.440" Title="Integration Testing requires consecutive builds?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;build-verification-test&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9303" CreationDate="2014-10-30T05:53:32.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience, exploratory testing is good to do to understand the application very well. But it does not guarantee the full test pass as we won't track of the test results here. Have a functional testing to cover the high priority scenarios then go to Exploratory testing. High level planning is better than zero planning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7942" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T05:53:32.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2571" CreationDate="2014-10-30T06:22:25.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do self review often on the below areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much time you are spending before and after automation? Ideally automation should reduce your work. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you spending more time on fixing the automation for minor requirement change or for new requirement? If yes then you have to improve the automation design.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you having Root cause analysis meeting with QA and DEV team once in a month? Often good action items for issues will come up here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include DEV in the test code  and plan review.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you confident to rely on the automation for all P1 test cases? If you have covered the important checks, then it's good.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always find areas to improve the automation. Like to automate the BVT after the continuous deployment, better reporting, nightly regression, dynamic test data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7942" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2014-10-30T11:47:53.367" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T11:47:53.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10121" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-30T06:48:09.287" Score="2" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jira&lt;/a&gt; useful to use for Desktop Application, PHP based Application or Android based applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9104" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T13:32:09.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T13:32:09.607" Title="Which applications does Jira support?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10121" CreationDate="2014-10-30T07:46:15.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JIRA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jira&lt;/a&gt; is a very flexible tool. You can use it as a workflow management tool for managing any &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development_process&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;software life-cycle&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not really need to know any knowledge of what kind of application you are developing. You can define any number of custom fields and or workflow steps you might need to differentiate between platform and or workflows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used Jira extensively and I love it. Be sure to try the trial. For a small team (up to 10 users) it is very cheap, just 10 dollars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/capture&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jira Capture&lt;/a&gt; tool is mainly focused on testing web-based applications, not sure you can use it to record and exploratory test Desktop and or Mobile applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T15:18:53.570" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T15:18:53.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10110" CreationDate="2014-10-30T08:31:02.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well to learn about testing I would suggest not to go for any certification. It won't do much good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather read blogs and articles about testing. Follow expert testers like Scott Barber, Cem Kaner, Jerry Weinberg, James Bach, Michael Bolton, Brad Pettichord and many others. Read their blogs and books written by them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read about psychology. Practice testing and write about. Participate in online communities and forums.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test anything you can. Test at least one thing each day and share your report with others. Get their feedback and see where you need to improve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T08:31:02.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10118" CreationDate="2014-10-30T11:29:03.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do you think? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should you eat one meal at a time and 2 to 3 meals a day? &#xA;Or &#xA;should you eat sufficient meals for 30 days at once and enjoy the remaining 29 days?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep things as simple as possible! Combining everything and testing it all at once may make things too complicated to handle...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T11:29:03.687" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-30T16:40:30.677" Score="2" ViewCount="5309" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium Webdriver for testing a Django/Python based web application. I use both, the phantomjs and firefox drivers. We use django's LiveServerTest test case, which basically starts up a test webserver for the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, on our CI environment (wercker), I sometimes - but not always - get a TimeoutException from my webdriver.get(url) calls. The thing is, though, that when I look at the screenshots (which I collect on exceptions) the actual page seems to be rendered just fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm already using a technique to wait for a page reload that is described here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.obeythetestinggoat.com/how-to-get-selenium-to-wait-for-page-load-after-a-click.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.obeythetestinggoat.com/how-to-get-selenium-to-wait-for-page-load-after-a-click.html&lt;/a&gt;. This wrapper basically waits until the old page's HTML element is replaced with the new one. It seemed to resolve similar problems for when I run my tests locally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what am I experiencing here? How can I proceed? Any hints greatly apreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I followed Artem's advice and remove all external resources (fonts and google maps calls). I initially thought that helped but then got other errors instead. I now get TimeoutExceptions in a click() call... Here's the log:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;  File &quot;/pipeline/build/flatfox/tests/ui/utils.py&quot;, line 57, in wrapper&#xA;    func(self, *args, **kwargs)&#xA;  File &quot;/pipeline/build/flatfox/tests/ui/test_auction_cycle.py&quot;, line 157, in test_manage_applications&#xA;    self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector('.modal-dialog .btn[name=reject]').click()&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py&quot;, line 65, in click&#xA;    self._execute(Command.CLICK_ELEMENT)&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py&quot;, line 385, in _execute&#xA;    return self._parent.execute(command, params)&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py&quot;, line 173, in execute&#xA;    self.error_handler.check_response(response)&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py&quot;, line 166, in check_response&#xA;    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;TimeoutException: Message: u'{&quot;errorMessage&quot;:&quot;Click failed: timeout&quot;,&quot;request&quot;:{&quot;headers&quot;:{&quot;Accept&quot;:&quot;application/json&quot;,&quot;Accept-Encoding&quot;:&quot;identity&quot;,&quot;Connection&quot;:&quot;close&quot;,&quot;Content-Length&quot;:&quot;81&quot;,&quot;Content-Type&quot;:&quot;application/json;charset=UTF-8&quot;,&quot;Host&quot;:&quot;127.0.0.1:55196&quot;,&quot;User-Agent&quot;:&quot;Python-urllib/2.7&quot;},&quot;httpVersion&quot;:&quot;1.1&quot;,&quot;method&quot;:&quot;POST&quot;,&quot;post&quot;:&quot;{\\&quot;sessionId\\&quot;: \\&quot;d67c58a0-610d-11e4-a75e-eb735e81fd4c\\&quot;, \\&quot;id\\&quot;: \\&quot;:wdc:1414767284194\\&quot;}&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;/click&quot;,&quot;urlParsed&quot;:{&quot;anchor&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;query&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;file&quot;:&quot;click&quot;,&quot;directory&quot;:&quot;/&quot;,&quot;path&quot;:&quot;/click&quot;,&quot;relative&quot;:&quot;/click&quot;,&quot;port&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;host&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;password&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;user&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;userInfo&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;authority&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;protocol&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:&quot;/click&quot;,&quot;queryKey&quot;:{},&quot;chunks&quot;:[&quot;click&quot;]},&quot;urlOriginal&quot;:&quot;/session/d67c58a0-610d-11e4-a75e-eb735e81fd4c/element/%3Awdc%3A1414767284194/click&quot;}}' ; Screenshot: available via screen &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Here's the code making the click():&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;with wait_for_page_load(self.driver):&#xA;    self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector('.modal-dialog .btn[name=reject]').click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def wait_for(condition_function):&#xA;    start_time = time.time()&#xA;    while time.time() &amp;lt; start_time + 10:&#xA;        time.sleep(0.2)&#xA;        if condition_function():&#xA;            return True&#xA;    raise Exception('Timeout waiting for {0}'.format(condition_function.__name__))&#xA;&#xA;class wait_for_page_load(object):&#xA;    def __init__(self, browser):&#xA;        self.browser = browser&#xA;&#xA;    def __enter__(self):&#xA;        self.old_page = self.browser.find_element_by_tag_name('html')&#xA;&#xA;    def page_has_loaded(self):&#xA;        new_page = self.browser.find_element_by_tag_name('html')&#xA;        return new_page.id != self.old_page.id&#xA;&#xA;    def __exit__(self, *_):&#xA;        try:&#xA;            wait_for(self.page_has_loaded)&#xA;        except Exception, e:&#xA;            logging.getLogger(&quot;test.ui&quot;).error(&quot;wait_for_page_load(): failed with %s&quot;, e)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit lost now and wonder whether it has something to do with the CI environment...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Bernhard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastEditorUserId="9113" LastEditDate="2014-11-01T10:49:04.990" LastActivityDate="2021-03-27T17:20:42.407" Title="Selenium Webdriver get() shows intermittent TimeoutExceptions - how do I proceed?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10130" CreationDate="2014-10-30T17:02:35.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The possible reason might be that page looks to be rendered (UI elements are in place), but not completely loaded in browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is any background calls, especially to 3rd-party services, it might take a while to reach them and get response, only then browser is able to mark the page as finally loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9110" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T17:02:35.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="149" CreationDate="2014-10-30T17:23:14.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The good thing to start with is with the requirement document which will help first getting the manual test done then other types regression, load and other types&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which will dedicatedly leads towards better quality of product&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T17:23:14.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10098" CreationDate="2014-10-30T19:00:15.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saucelabs and Browserstack are great emulators for testing mobile devices. These services provide a wide variety of platforms that can be used for manual and automated testing. Browser development tools can also provide a way to emulate mobile devices. This will give you a good idea of how the environment will display and function with your site. With that being said, Emulation will never be as good as testing on the actual device. A risk assessment will need to be completed in order to determine your test plan coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9116" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T19:00:15.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10134" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-30T19:24:28.407" Score="1" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a generic checklist to set client expectations and ensure that we do the major things in SaaS development like user management (registration, logging in, de-activations, password changes, etc), payment processing, etc. But as we work w/ clients new concerns come up like pre-demo testing on the staging server with the person who will be doing the demo. I'm just wondering if there is an established checklist out there. Otherwise we just keep adding to our internal checklist to cover new scenarios as they arise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9117" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T09:08:14.487" Title="Is there a good mature SaaS development checklist?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10136" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-30T19:55:04.450" Score="0" ViewCount="4808" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.edsquared.com/2012/03/28/Difference+Between+Microsoft+Test+Manager+And+Visual+Studio+Test+Professional.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Test Manager&lt;/a&gt; has the concept of &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286655.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;shared steps&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say you have 3 test cases which all start with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter user name &quot;admin&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter password &quot;default!password&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click button &quot;Log in&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you can create a so called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286655.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;shared step&lt;/a&gt;&quot; called &quot;Log in to application&quot; and insert it into each of the three test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the shared step &quot;Log in to application&quot; needs to updated, it can be done in one place and all 3 test cases will be updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does HP Quality Center have such a feature?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, could you please point me to a tutorial or to the documentation, preferably with screenshots?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Research&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't worked with HP Quality Center yet. I've done a few Google searches but wasn't successful in answering the question myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google searches&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.ch/search?q=HP%20Quality%20Center%20shared%20steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP Quality Center shared steps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.ch/search?q=HP%20Quality%20Center%20common%20steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP Quality Center common steps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.ch/search?q=HP%20Quality%20Center%20template%20for%20test%20steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP Quality Center template for test steps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.ch/search?q=HP%20Quality%20Center%20share%20common%20test%20steps%20across%20multiple%20test%20cases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP Quality Center share common test steps across multiple test cases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9118" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T09:11:17.020" Title="Can test cases have &quot;shared steps&quot; in HP Quality Center?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10110" CreationDate="2014-10-30T20:13:54.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Volunteering is a great way to gain professional experience. It's always nice to hear about ongoing volunteer work during an interview to show that the applicant is passionate about the industry. There are many open source or community projects that always need a hand with testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/contribute/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/contribute/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9116" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T20:13:54.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10134" CreationDate="2014-10-30T20:36:16.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hanu Kommalapati and William Zack layout a generic plan for the SaaS SDLC at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/articles/SaaS-Lifecycle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.infoq.com/articles/SaaS-Lifecycle&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9116" LastActivityDate="2014-10-30T20:36:16.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6230" CreationDate="2014-10-31T04:59:20.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;a href=&quot;https://usersnap.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Usersnap&lt;/a&gt; on one of our projects that handles about half of what you asked for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It records bugs directly to a bug database (or where-ever you point it to)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automatically takes a screenshot of page where bug is found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't save the HTML of the page but it does take record some of the reporters info like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IP address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Email address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen resolution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser type (including OS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser size (resolution)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a paid application but I like it a lot and it certainly gives the users, programmers and myself enough of a head start that I prefer filing bugs through it (when I can). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T04:59:20.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10134" CreationDate="2014-10-31T05:26:24.300" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to me, you should not go for a ready made checklist. More appropriate way is to develop your own checklist. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Understand you requirements, analyse them and then sort it in a form of a checklist. Then you can get feedback or opinions of others and see if it is adequate or if it need any improvement...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T05:26:24.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10130" CreationDate="2014-10-31T05:31:19.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In selenium the wait command doesn't really wait sometimes. That is there is some problem with that command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try the time.sleep(); command of python. It is an equivalent of the Thread.sleep(); command of Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will pause the execution of code for defined time limit. So you can give sufficient time that will allow your page to load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it works... :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T05:31:19.253" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10130" CreationDate="2014-10-31T05:41:25.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10) &#xA;element = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID,'someid'))) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try above code and see if it is working or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T13:16:13.493" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T13:16:13.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10130" CreationDate="2014-10-31T05:46:59.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox() &#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(10) # seconds &#xA;driver.get(&quot;http:// enter your URL.&quot;) &#xA;myDynamicElement = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;myDynamicElement&quot;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try above code and see if it is working or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T13:16:25.290" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T13:16:25.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10144" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-31T05:50:23.437" Score="0" ViewCount="1789" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got stuck in for loop as the automation code is entering a loop that has few actions to be done like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (i = 0; i &amp;lt;= 2; i++) {&#xA;            // if(i==2)break;&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            WebDriverWait waitForInvstrDmo = new WebDriverWait(driver, 300);&#xA;            waitForInvstrDmo.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='#transferorDemographicsModal' and contains(@onclick,'transferorEditDemographics();')]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='#transferorDemographicsModal' and contains(@onclick,'transferorEditDemographics();')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriverWait waitForCitizn = new WebDriverWait(driver, 50);&#xA;            waitForCitizn.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferorCitizenship']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            Select selectCitiZenship = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferorCitizenship']&quot;)));&#xA;            selectCitiZenship.selectByValue(&quot;235&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriverWait waitForTaxResidency = new WebDriverWait(driver, 80);&#xA;            waitForTaxResidency.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferorTaxResidency']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            Select selectTaxResidency = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferorTaxResidency']&quot;)));&#xA;            selectTaxResidency.selectByValue(String.valueOf((int) (Math.random() * 50)));&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriverWait waitForBirthPlace = new WebDriverWait(driver, 80);&#xA;            waitForBirthPlace.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferorBirthPlace']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            Select selectBirthPlace = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferorBirthPlace']&quot;)));&#xA;            selectBirthPlace.selectByValue(String.valueOf((int) (Math.random() * 50)));&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriverWait waitForCountryOfIncor = new WebDriverWait(driver, 100);&#xA;            waitForCountryOfIncor.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferorIncorporationCountry']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            Select selectCountryOfIncor = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferorIncorporationCountry']&quot;)));&#xA;            selectCountryOfIncor.selectByValue(String.valueOf((int) (Math.random() * 50)));&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriverWait waitForDomCountry = new WebDriverWait(driver, 300);&#xA;            waitForDomCountry.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferordomicileCountry']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            Select selectDomCountry = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlTransferordomicileCountry']&quot;)));&#xA;            selectDomCountry.selectByValue(String.valueOf((int) (Math.random() * 50)));&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriverWait waitForSaveDemog = new WebDriverWait(driver, 300);&#xA;            waitForSaveDemog.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='modal-footer']/a[@href='#'and contains(@onclick,'SaveTransferorDemographics();')]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            // code for saving the Investor Demographic details&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='modal-footer']/a[@href='#'and contains(@onclick,'SaveTransferorDemographics();')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now point is when I am executing this code for the first iteration its taking the select values from the drop down as mentioned in the code but its getting stuck in final iteration for &lt;strong&gt;'selectCitiZenship'&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;strong&gt;'selectTaxResidency'&lt;/strong&gt; in above snippet within the loop. So in this case whole code is executing well for 1 and 2 iteration but it will failed in the last iteration throwing a TimeOut Exception - &quot;Timed out after 50 seconds waiting for visibility of element located by By.xpath: //select[@id='ddlTransferorCitizenship']&quot;. I changed the wait timings too. Please provide me your valuable suggestions if you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Its working well for the first iteration but not for the rest iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="6897" LastEditDate="2014-11-02T14:51:45.390" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T15:48:50.423" Title="TimeOutException when trying to identify Dropdown Element in last iteration of For-Loop" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10144" CreationDate="2014-10-31T07:08:19.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try changing the loop condition to i&amp;lt;3 and use Thread.sleep(); method of java to wait for the visibility of the element instead of the web driver's wait command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if this works out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the meanwhile, will try to search a more robust solution for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T07:08:19.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9893" CreationDate="2014-10-31T08:19:59.953" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this line of code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;enter your xpath&quot;)).click();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it works out!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2014-11-01T10:14:23.363" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T10:14:23.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10147" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10148" CreationDate="2014-10-31T10:17:25.240" Score="1" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Linux. currently am using Ubuntu 12.04 ATS OS.&#xA;Request experts to help me selecting tool to use for Load Testing with Record and Play back option available. Would like to use an open source tool.&#xA;My team will definitely love if it's UI based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastEditorUserId="9085" LastEditDate="2014-10-31T10:54:06.413" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T10:56:18.103" Title="Load Automation Tool with Record option to test application in Linux OS" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10147" CreationDate="2014-10-31T10:56:18.103" Score="4" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Install Google chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Install Blazemeter extension in chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download JMeter and set it up. Lots of tutorials available for that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Record scripts with blazemeter and download them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run the scripts in JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tada... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T10:56:18.103" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10149" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-10-30T21:14:45.347" Score="3" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is a good way to introduce to managers, who are have always used a waterfall software development mental model, sometimes known as the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-Model_(software_development)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;V model&lt;/a&gt;, that it is worth moving to a more agile-&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Driven development&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently when I have the conversation and suggest that my group should try writing tests early on the development cycle, e.g before spending time writing code, I get the &quot;CRAZY&quot; look, and a dogmatic response &quot;That will never work&quot;, colleagues are also quite sceptical. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone had any success in moving their team from thinking waterfall/V-model to a more test-driven development model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9119" OwnerDisplayName="user595985" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-10-31T23:11:06.240" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T04:30:58.503" Title="Agile test driven development" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10118" CreationDate="2014-10-31T20:52:15.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is valid only for the first integration, where you make the first build.&#xA;You should make a build every time you add something new...integrate and test as often as you can and you will get information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9129" LastActivityDate="2014-10-31T20:52:15.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10149" CreationDate="2014-11-01T04:30:58.503" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Taking the waterfall model in agile would be a good idea but there seems to be a misunderstanding on your part regarding the concept of test driven development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test driven development doesn't mean agile, neither does it mean just writing test cases early. It means that tests are written first and these tests drive the programming. That means the programmers will write code that will comply to the written test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it would be a good idea to involve testing as early as possible, it should not be restricted to only writing test cases, but in fact doing actual testing. You can start by testing the requirements of the project. Find any issues there and get them fixed. Then go down the process up to the delivery and maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this can be done in waterfall as well. It does not require agile. Actually which model you will follow for project development should not be fixed. You should decided what will be best for each project and adapt and improvise accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T04:30:58.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10152" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-01T05:29:11.980" Score="0" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying to install Blazemeter Plugin in Google chrome, but i am not able to. It is giving an error as below:  &quot;UTILITY_PROCESS_CRASHED_WHILE_TRYING_TO_INSTALL&quot; in Ubuntu 12.04 OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should i proceeed? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2014-11-01T08:36:55.920" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T11:20:45.957" Title="Blazemeter Plugin cannot be installed in Google Chrome Error Displayed: &quot;UTILITY_PROCESS_CRASHED_WHILE_TRYING_TO_INSTALL&quot; in Ubuntu 12.04 OS" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10153" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-01T12:12:45.690" Score="-3" ViewCount="814" Body="&lt;p&gt;How will you write the test case for registration page? The page contain following information....First Name, Last Name, Mobile NO, Country, Address, Postal code, Username, password, email address, then submit....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8886" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T11:57:19.980" Title="Registration page for Web Site" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-11-11T22:52:07.987" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10153" CreationDate="2014-11-01T13:56:42.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will open Xmind and prepare a mind map of the test ideas which i will decide depending on the priorities, risks, time availability and cost. Then I will get feedback by someone and see if I have missed out anything...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T13:56:42.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10165" CreationDate="2014-11-01T20:31:42.347" Score="2" ViewCount="310" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for advice/best practices on managing tests,results and requirements,&#xA;the scenario I have in mind is one where there are a set of requirements, for which code,tests are generated, for these tests the appropriate results are stored in a configuration management system such as IBM's CM Synergy, what then happens is that the requirements and code may get updated, subsequently, and a whole new set of tests would be generated, these updates may happen every 10 weeks, I am looking to get insights on the best strategies/practices in managing all these tests(hundreds),and their results against various baseline requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I track what tests, relate to what code updates,and in turn what relates to which set of baseline requirements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9119" LastActivityDate="2014-11-03T14:04:13.787" Title="Managing test results and baseline requirement" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9434" CreationDate="2014-11-01T22:34:43.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe this application utilizes a GUI rendering library like YUI, PrimeFaces etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While manually testing, which element do you click on to make the dropdown options visible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly paste the HTML code for the element which you clicked and for the menu itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For eg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Dropdown Trigger&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;xyz&quot; class=&quot;appt-dropdown-button&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;// Dropdown Menu &#xA;&amp;lt;ul class =&quot;appt-dropdown-menu&quot;&amp;gt; .. &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly provide the above details and I will be able to provide you with the code to select the correct option. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T22:34:43.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10032" CreationDate="2014-11-01T22:37:16.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have any experience with PenTesting (training or otherwise) but I came across this &lt;a href=&quot;http://apps.testinsane.com/mindmaps/web-app-pen-testing-practice-lab&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mindmap&lt;/a&gt; and thought of this question. It appears to list practice labs (doesn't state where they are located) for Pen Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know Stack Exchange has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Security Forum&lt;/a&gt; and post on learning ethical PenTesting &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/45860/self-teach-pentesting-ceh-skills-ethically&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; - maybe this is a good place to follow up? Then you can post whatever you learn back here in case anyone else has a similar question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T13:14:44.087" LastActivityDate="2014-11-01T22:37:16.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10156" CreationDate="2014-11-02T03:28:02.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In testing, there is no such thing as best practice. There is also a good/better/appropriate practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To manage tests and link them to the requirements, you can do it in several different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mind mapping your test ideas/cases against requirements. Use xmind, freeplane, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make metrics in excel spreadsheets.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use test management tools like TestLink.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make a chart in your own format.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are so many ways to do this. Only you can decide which one works out well for you. Be creative. Think out of the box and come up with something really new. Try it out. And if you succeed, write a blog so the world can learn from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T03:28:02.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8889" CreationDate="2014-11-02T09:01:15.640" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is important to validate HTML. There are W3C standards against which you can validate it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use various tools like the W3C Html validator, or Web Developer addon of FireFox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several such paid an unpaid tools that can help you validate your HTML. It helps in page optimization and SEO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9134" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T09:01:15.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10156" CreationDate="2014-11-02T09:04:50.183" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I totally agree with milinpatel17. There is no specific answer for this. It is up to an individual or a team to decide which format will get their job done in better way for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9134" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T09:04:50.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10134" CreationDate="2014-11-02T09:08:14.487" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you will find a predefined checklist somewhere. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How will you be sure that it is appropriate or correct? What if its not really for you? Will you just take the word of somebody without understanding your needs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9134" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T09:08:14.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1669" CreationDate="2014-11-02T18:12:03.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would strongly suggest the book &quot;Software Testing: A Guide to Testing Mobile Apps, Websites, and Games&quot; by Mark Garzone. It covers all aspects of testing such as manual testing, test cases design, automation testing, exploratory testing and performance testing. The book discusses tips, techniques, and tools for the every day tester needed to accomplish their job. It also includes advice on how to be a better tester and test manager. See here &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1503046796&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.amazon.com/Software-Testing-Guide-Mobile-Websites/dp/1503046796&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9135" LastActivityDate="2014-11-02T18:12:03.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10164" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-03T02:59:11.563" Score="3" ViewCount="7010" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd really like to write a Selenium WebDriver test that verifies text is localized. The localization code bases the strings it displays on &lt;code&gt;navigator.language&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code&gt;navigator.userLanguage&lt;/code&gt; for IE). I cannot figure out, however, how to launch a Chromium window for a different language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see this bug which sort of explains the problem (closed as &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; a bug): &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=114606&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=114606&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I create the browser instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver');&#xA;var chrome = require(&quot;selenium-webdriver/chrome&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;var options = new chrome.Options();&#xA;options.addArguments('--lang=es');&#xA;var caps = options.toCapabilities();&#xA;var driver = webdriver.Builder().withCapabilities(caps).build();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I installed the Spanish language, but whereas &lt;code&gt;navigator.languages&lt;/code&gt; includes &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt; in its list, but even if I move it to the top of the preferences, &lt;code&gt;en-US&lt;/code&gt; is still what &lt;code&gt;navigator.language&lt;/code&gt; is set to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have any of you found a way to successfully write multi-language tests with Selenium WebDriver? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="468" LastEditorUserId="468" LastEditDate="2014-11-13T18:51:09.613" LastActivityDate="2021-04-01T15:59:31.583" Title="Unable to open Chrome WebDriver in another language" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10156" CreationDate="2014-11-03T12:19:43.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer (as others have said) is by any method that works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The longer answer is that there are no best practices, only practices that are better or worse in any situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things you can consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use version control and maintain branches or labels that match the versioning of the code you're testing. One method I've used successfully with Mercurial version control was to have a branch of test code per major version of source code. It's not the only method: you can match the test code to each application build if needed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use labels to mark the addition of new requirements in your test code. This method means that when your test code works correctly with a new requirement, you add a label to that branch that's flagged with the application build that covers the requirement and the requirement itself, such as &quot;Application 4.5.0 New feature 3.6&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include the requirement in the reporting/naming of the tests, such as &quot;Test 5.1: New feature 3.6: Add user&quot; (this requires some manual input in the form of code comments that can be scraped - but your developers should be doing this anyway).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include a reference to the work item that covers the new/updated requirement. This method works well with integrated application life cycle management systems where each check in is linked to one or more work items, and each test is also linked to one or more work items (it can be helpful to have a few &quot;bucket&quot; items for non-specific development in these cases). If, for instance, you're working with the Microsoft Team Foundation Server system, each code check in is linked to a TFS item, and your requirements are maintained in TFS items. Your test code is also linked to TFS items, so the traceability is built in, and the test results automatically link to TFS items.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are as many ways to manage this as you can imagine: what matters is that it works for you and your team. I would suggest that given the number of tests involved you look at an automated method of managing everything (possibly IBM Rational since it's likely to have built-in integration to CM Synergy and if you have Synergy you may already have the Rational on-site).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's possible to build the integration yourself, or to take a free tool such as TestLink (which does have the capacity to connect requirements to tests) and use its API to link code to tests and requirements. This is more time-consuming than setting up tools with pre-built integration, but still feasible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-11-03T12:19:43.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10156" CreationDate="2014-11-03T14:04:13.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll give you advice, not really full blown best practices. Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Managing test cases in a project that has regularly changing requirements is a place where test management ( or ALM ) tools can help a lot. I have used HP ALM and Meliora Testlab in this kind of situations, but probably the IBM support similar features. Any tool with &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; linking and visibility features between requirements and test cases should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintain requirements up to date in your tool. Test designers need to know the situation as well as business and developers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have a big project, maintain your requirements and test cases in a tree structure. You will find your relevant content much more easily than from a long flat list.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintain the links between the test cases and requirements. Now, once a requirements changes you know exactly what test cases you need to execute.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider using lightweight test cases. Responsible tester can get great results with open test cases. When a tester can read the latest requirement during the testing, the test case does not need to be so detailed. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider using tags to help find relevant requirements / test cases / defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link test cases to defects ( well, tools tend to do this automatically ). Anyway you need to re-test the test when it is fixed. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-11-03T14:04:13.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2014-11-03T16:15:03.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though JUnit helps in writing unit test cases for java code, it will not be able to help you to speed up the testing process with increasing numbers of test cases to be executed and more data to be processed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jthunder is a core automation framework which helps in enabling multi-threaded processing of any JUnit tests/Java code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at the Jthunder framework documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/jthunder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jthunder official blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9145" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-11-03T16:50:48.193" LastActivityDate="2014-11-03T16:50:48.193" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-11-03T16:15:03.550" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10152" CreationDate="2014-11-04T09:25:21.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a Chrome bug that affects all extensions (not only BlazeMeter extension) with multiple versions of Ubuntu. &#xA;I see its been confirmed as bug in Chrome issue queue and has been assigned. Hopefully will be fixed soon.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=401655&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=401655&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people reported that updating your Kernel to 3.16 or 3.17 fixes the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9152" LastActivityDate="2014-11-04T09:25:21.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5214" CreationDate="2014-11-04T10:48:02.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Also answered at the original question on &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/173167&quot;&gt;programmers.stackexchange.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A large part of this mass of tests is for their collection implementations. They've written generic tests that exhaustively test the collection interfaces, and this generates a suite per implementation. See, for example, classes called &lt;code&gt;CollectionAddAllTester&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ListIndexOfTester&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is all backed by a library called testlib, which ships as part of Guava. This is quite generic. It supports writing generic tests for any interface (not just collections). You can specify &lt;code&gt;Feature&lt;/code&gt;s of possible implementations and test those (e.g. if your set is unmodifiable you expect a different outcome from &lt;code&gt;set.add()&lt;/code&gt;), and when you run the tests you specify which features your implementation supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joekearney.co.uk/posts/guava-testlib-example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wrote a post&lt;/a&gt; on how to write testlib generating suites for your own interfaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9153" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2015-01-25T09:16:35.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10153" CreationDate="2014-11-04T11:01:22.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Roughly I will check following things:&#xA;1. Verify each and every field for number of characters, is mandatory, any restrictions (like only numbers allowed, only chars allowed etc), validations for email address&#xA;2. Is it possible to submit without entering mandatory fields?&#xA;3. Is it possible to use same email ID twice?&#xA;4. What happens on cancel button?&#xA;5. Possible to login with the registered details?&#xA;6. Are registered details saved correctly in database?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9154" LastActivityDate="2014-11-04T11:01:22.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7931" CreationDate="2014-11-05T07:02:33.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look at the given link for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://reditblog.blogspot.in/2014/11/how-to-handle-javascript-confirm-box.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Handle JavaScript Confirm Box&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://reditblog.blogspot.in/2014/11/how-to-handle-javascript-alert-box.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Handle JavaScript Alert Box&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9164" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:24:34.157" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:24:34.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6612" CreationDate="2014-11-05T07:05:19.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look at the given link for example- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How To Handle JavaScript Prompt Box: &lt;a href=&quot;http://reditblog.blogspot.in/2014/11/how-to-handle-javascript-prompt-box.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://reditblog.blogspot.in/2014/11/how-to-handle-javascript-prompt-box.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How To Handle JavaScript Confirm Box: &lt;a href=&quot;http://reditblog.blogspot.in/2014/11/how-to-handle-javascript-confirm-box.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://reditblog.blogspot.in/2014/11/how-to-handle-javascript-confirm-box.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How To Handle JavaScript Alert Box: &lt;a href=&quot;http://reditblog.blogspot.in/2014/11/how-to-handle-javascript-alert-box.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://reditblog.blogspot.in/2014/11/how-to-handle-javascript-alert-box.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9164" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-03T08:39:23.130" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T08:39:23.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10178" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-05T08:41:10.557" Score="0" ViewCount="4653" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am studying on websites manual test. I haven't any idea about making a bug report for developer by MS word, excel, powerpoint, PDF, video, screenshot etc. That they can understand easily my report &amp;amp; absence of me they fixed bugs. How to create a report, specially bugs report for developer. Developers need clean &amp;amp; easy report for understanding &amp;amp; also fixing those bugs. Which report will be clean &amp;amp; that report will have details about bugs. Step by step every bug &amp;amp; their fixing issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need some idea with examples that I can understand &amp;amp; created by myself. If anybody know about any tools &amp;amp; websites about manual bugs reporting so please details information to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8643" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2014-11-06T05:49:19.983" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T22:48:06.747" Title="How can I create a bug report" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-11-11T22:43:58.540" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-05T09:50:21.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all: Something like one perfect bug report for all projects and types of applications does not exist. But you can talk with the developers and stakeholders of the project and discuss improvements of the bug reports you create. After a while you will have reports who everyone like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example how I write a bug report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Preconditions:&#xA;The user has an entry in the TODO list.&#xA;&#xA;Steps:&#xA;1. Open www.todolist.com&#xA;2. Do a login to get access to the TODO list.&#xA;&#xA;Expected:&#xA;Each entry in the TODO list has a delete button.&#xA;&#xA;Actual:&#xA;No delete buttons are present.&#xA;&#xA;Environment:&#xA;Firefox 30&#xA;Windows 7 SP1&#xA;&#xA;Test Data:&#xA;Username: testuser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Preconditions are not must, but in some cases they are necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A step-by-step list to reproduce the bug is easy to read and understand.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is important to explain what your expected result is, so the developer know what s/he has to fix.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some bugs could be depend on the environment. For example: A layout bug on a website could be present in Internet Explorer, but not in Firefox.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use special test data (e.g. user input, account data) to reproduce the bug, write this in the report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screenshots and videos are also very helpful, especially for layout/GUI bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="9071" LastEditDate="2014-11-11T22:48:06.747" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T22:48:06.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-05T10:01:00.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you should have a look @ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com&lt;/a&gt; or specifically &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/how-to-write-good-bug-report/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/how-to-write-good-bug-report/&lt;/a&gt; this will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastActivityDate="2014-11-05T10:01:00.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10130" CreationDate="2014-11-05T10:08:29.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;thank you all for your suggestions. Though it's still not perfect, I now have a better working environment. I combined Artem's suggestion of removing external dependencies with Pushpendra's tip to boost up implicit_wait and page_load_timeout further up. They are now at 12 and 30, but I intend to go even higher. I've also increased the sleep times, as suggested by milinpatel17, to as high as 4 seconds around calls that don't reload the page, but modify the DOM in a way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The core of the problem seems to be that the CI environment's cpu loading sometimes is  unpredictable and I have to make enough room for those times it is laggy. This is also what wercker's support suggested (nice guys, btw). I will now make these timeout values dependant on the environment, such that I can run local tests fast and then slow down on the CI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't mark a single answer as valid, and, unfortunately, my reputation doesn't allow upvoting... sorry. But many thanks for your support!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9113" LastActivityDate="2014-11-05T10:08:29.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-05T10:14:25.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you should do is ask your customers what they want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case ask your developers what kind of information do they like to receive about any bug and in what format. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually prepare a proper story of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;what you did to generate a specific bug and why exactly do you think it is a bug?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What will happen if you don't fix this bug?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe make a video or take a screenshot and annotate it to support your investigation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help the developers to improve their productivity by giving suggestions about improvement in the project or the work process itself!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-05T10:14:25.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3513" CreationDate="2014-11-05T14:24:04.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this code,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; DesiredCapabilities caps = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA; caps.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INITIAL_BROWSER_URL, &quot;&quot;);&#xA; WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(caps);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9166" LastEditorUserId="27479" LastEditDate="2018-07-19T10:30:17.033" LastActivityDate="2018-07-19T10:30:17.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10190" CreationDate="2014-11-05T16:01:54.627" Score="3" ViewCount="9619" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently using the following method to take screenshots after each test, and it works fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@After&#xA;public void takeScreenshotAtEndOfTest() throws IOException {&#xA;    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    String currentDir = System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(currentDir + &quot;\\screenshots\\&quot; + System.currentTimeMillis() + &quot;.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, how can I improve this method so that it takes the name of the current test that has been run, and puts that into the filename of the image (instead of System.currentTimeMillis)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of my tests, if that helps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void pf01_activateQsmart_NoAddon_Cash(){&#xA;    guestWebsite.startOfTest(&quot;pf01_activateQsmart_NoAddon_Cash&quot;);&#xA;    doRegularServiceLevelActivation();&#xA;    doCashPayment();&#xA;    guestWebsite.endOfTest(&quot;pf01_activateQsmart_NoAddon_Cash&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9078" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T13:14:42.460" Title="Selenium WebDriver how to name each screenshot taken after a test based on the test name" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10184" CreationDate="2014-11-05T18:04:26.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the TestWatchman class which is part of JUnit to get the test case name, as well as the status, so you could take screenshots only on failure.  Here's an example that takes a screenshot on failure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Rule&#xA;MethodRule watchman = new TestWatchman(){&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public void failed(Throwable e, FrameworkMethod method){&#xA;        File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;        String currentDir = System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;);&#xA;        FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(currentDir + &quot;\\screenshots\\&quot; +&#xA;        method.getName() + System.currentTimeMillis() + &quot;.png&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JUnit Documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/junit-team/junit/wiki/Rules#testwatchmantestwatcher-rules&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/junit-team/junit/wiki/Rules#testwatchmantestwatcher-rules&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-11-06T16:36:09.743" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T16:36:09.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10187" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10215" CreationDate="2014-11-06T08:39:47.277" Score="5" ViewCount="255" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a new version of a web site and when requesting the site URL it redirects to a URL with the port number 80 appended to it, for example requesting www.example.com redirects to www.example.com:80.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this pose a security risk?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastEditorUserId="9167" LastEditDate="2014-11-07T21:07:04.923" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T23:17:05.877" Title="Does adding the port number to a URL redirect pose a Security risk?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10153" CreationDate="2014-11-06T08:50:23.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mandatory fields marked with asterisks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Proper validation testing (client side and server side validations)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mandatory fields must not be entered empty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maximum and minimum character limit for each field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Email address field must properly validated (with regex)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile number format must be proper&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Postal code validation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Proper database testing all fields must be inserted in DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Proper redirection to thank you page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Email must be sent after registration process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More test cases can be generated depending on the requirements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9170" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-11-06T11:57:19.980" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T11:57:19.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10184" CreationDate="2014-11-06T10:42:04.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer provided by Sam nearly worked for me, but still had some problems as described above. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically I needed to use TestRule instead of MethodRule, and TestWatcher() instead of TestWatchman() - since the former ones have been depreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also needed to pass in &quot;Description&quot; instead of &quot;FrameworkMethod&quot; to get the name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally I need to surround the copyFile with try / catch to avoid exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code that worked for me and allowed me to take a screenshot on failure with the method name (and improved timestamp)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Rule&#xA;public TestRule testWatcher = new TestWatcher() {&#xA;  @Override&#xA;  public void failed(Throwable e, Description test){&#xA;      File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;      String currentDir = System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;);&#xA;      String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;yyyyMMdd_HHmmss&quot;).format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());&#xA;      try {&#xA;          FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(currentDir + &quot;\\screenshots\\&quot; + test.getMethodName() + timeStamp + &quot;.png&quot;));&#xA;      } catch (IOException e1) {&#xA;          e1.printStackTrace();&#xA;      }&#xA;  }&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks again for your help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9078" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T10:42:04.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10187" CreationDate="2014-11-06T13:22:03.953" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is nothing &quot;harmful&quot; with it but it will look &quot;wrong&quot; to users and it will likely make some of their spidey senses tingle with &quot;Why is this :80 there, I don't see that on every other website&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Port 80 is the standard http port, so you aren't giving out any information. It's not technically &quot;wrong&quot; since every other http request is going to port 80, but I think users will feel that it is &quot;wrong&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would avoid it in any website I was working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8421" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T13:22:03.953" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1108" CreationDate="2014-11-06T22:48:46.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off your question is extremely subjective and is completely dependent on your context so there is not a answer that will work for every scenario.  That said there are a lot of things you should be considering and evaluating for relevance in your context when attempting to decide if you have tested a user story 'enough'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which test dimensions are relevant or pose a risk to your product and this particular user story: Performance, reliability, localization, supportability, testability, security, documentation, maintainability and compatibility (everything apart from functionality, this list is not exhaustive).  Some of these may be contained in your BDD tests but its worth going through these types of lists to make sure you haven't forgotten to look at something important. You should know which areas are of greater interest or pose a higher risk to you product and that those areas are covered sufficiently.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus and Defocus with a measurement of that rate at which problems found.  Generally focusing on one area of testing will find bugs quickly and then the rate will decrease, at that point it is worth de-focusing and looking at a different type of testing/area.  Going through a series of focusing and defocusing can help you arrive at a place that is visibly defensible as a good stopping point.  This is a concept from James Bach's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/info_rst.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RST&lt;/a&gt;. You say 'Enough exploratory testing had been done', how do you know that enough has been done?  Using the Focus and Defocus Heuristic you can start to gauge this.  Of course the answer is you don't know, but you can show how you made an informed decision to stop.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other concepts that are worth thinking about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only testing user stories and not looking at testing an application as a whole is a mistake you can easily fall into using Agile.  Is the project done once all the user stories are done for you DoD?  The answer may be yes but it's worth thinking about.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ignoring the financial implications of testing and risk when attempting to get something done.  Remember a company is (generally) trying to make money from a piece of software, there is a balance in testing to maintain with this in mind.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis all you user stories in terms of the risk each poses.  It could be that in your particular context with a limited amount of test resource (in time and skills) that some user stories aren't worth testing at all while others need a far greater % of your resources.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things on your list that aren't helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code coverage % targets.  These aren't helpful as you can have 100% with no asserts and not be testing anything.  Target achieved but no actual testing being done.  Coverage is useful when developing tests to see what isn't covered and question whether uncovered areas should be testing, of course risk, time and your context will drive whether you add tests to uncovered areas.  It does not mean that everything covered is 100% testing and working perfectly in all situations.  Don't use it as a warm blanket to say your product/user story is done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9167" LastActivityDate="2014-11-06T22:48:46.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10197" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10200" CreationDate="2014-11-07T09:54:24.607" Score="3" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new to SQA and I am pretty much flooded with one of the biggest projects of my company. I am in a very problematic position. I simply just don't know where to start. That's why I am lagging far behind. Can you please help me out. My project is a server based project. And do I have to know the full code base to design my test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a spring framework based project. And it is a huge project which also consists of five individual components. These projects communicate with each other via messaging. Now where to start with in this huge project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9179" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-11-07T14:25:34.090" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T23:23:43.420" Title="Where to start with white box testing of a massive project with multiple components" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10197" CreationDate="2014-11-07T13:16:46.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer to this is simple and complex. You start by reviewing the requirement and  writing what is called a Test Strategy and Impact Analysis. This is a general overview of the software, how it operates, the different functionality and, typically, I will assign a value to the 'importance' of each functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing this you will naturally start to see pieces that should catch your eye as either critical pieces or overly complicated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this, you take your test strategy and compile a higher detailed version of the Test Strategy labeling what you want tested and how. Again, I will typically assign a value to each of these by order of importance. For example, a log in function will score much higher than an individual component since it impacts the most users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, write out an extremely high detailed Tase Case Document that will contain your test cases. These will be what will be executed and what the result should be. Again, assigning a level of importance to each one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Execute the test cases that you have written, filing defects for anything that you have found. Monitor which test cases found defects and keep track of them for later. After you have completed 100% run (all test cases ran, not all passed), re-run test cases that discovered a defect in the past until you have achieved 100% passed. If you run out of them, do exploratory and ad-hoc testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you achieve 100% passed, again, rerun all test cases that discovered a defect in the past to ensure that there was no issues with source control and re-run test cases based on their level of importance as marked above. During this run, stray from the written tests (while following their general guide) and think outside of the box some.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T13:16:46.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10197" CreationDate="2014-11-07T15:11:49.730" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no single answer for this - a lot depends on how your organization prefers to manage testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I'd approach a situation like this (using a manual version of the answer I gave &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7985/getting-up-to-speed-quickly-with-automation-tests/7994#7994&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who&lt;/strong&gt; - who is the application intended for? Knowing who the users are tells you a lot about how they're likely to want to use the software and what parts of it they're going to use most.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What&lt;/strong&gt; - what does the software do? What's it's main function? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; - and how often does it do what it should do? The tests you'll want for software that's needs to be available all the time is different than what you'd do for something likely to get occasional use. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why&lt;/strong&gt; - why is the software needed? This does overlap somewhat with what it does, but the difference here is that there's a reason the application exists, and that reason is going to guide your strategy. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where&lt;/strong&gt; - where is the software used? This doesn't just cover whether it's business or consumer software, it also covers things like is it web-based or desktop-based, will it be running over a LAN or WAN or will it be self-contained, and so forth. The environment - software, hardware, and human - tells you a lot about the conditions the application will need to handle, which in turn tells you where to focus your testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I have the overview, the next thing I'd do is start to explore the application, referring to any documentation that already exists. My goal here is to get a feel for the application and where manual tests will need to focus. Depending on how the application works, this can include inspecting the database and checking logs as well as interacting with the application itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, if there's no guiding strategy for testing the application (which may be the case), I'll start to look for core functionality, with particular emphasis on the functions that &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; work and the areas of the application that will get most use. If I don't have that information, I ask for it. If I can't get answers, I guess based on the Who/What/When/Why/Where information I've already gathered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If formal test plans and test cases are required, this is where I start writing them. My approach tends to be somewhat iterative with these: a test case will be relatively high level, and if I run into something anomalous (other than an obvious failure), I'll ask if that's what's supposed to happen. Sometimes it is - my understanding of the software won't be perfect. I update my test cases as I'm testing until they give an accurate description of the software behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T15:11:49.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-07T18:51:27.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generic guidelines you can find in a similar question &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1920/best-guidelines-for-bug-reporting&quot;&gt;Best guidelines for bug reporting?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for examples of bug reports, I would browse through bug reports for open sources and publicly available projects. It actually makes no sense to link such places. Rather, you need to find an application or programming library that you use or are familiar with. This way, by reading their bug reports, possible workarounds and fixes, you will be able to see which bug reports helped developers and other users and which not. Was it easy for you to understand the failure? Where you able to reproduce it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good bug reports are useful also when I don't wear my tester's hat. For instance, when I was trying to design my new flat with 3D tool and I got some error, I found some other guys reporting similar problem in the community support site for this tool. It was easy for me to see it was similar, because steps to reproduce reported by them were similar to my scenario. Plus, there where possible workarounds and solutions listed there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, bugs reports are not necessarily available in bug reporting tools. Online they are called forums, fora, community support, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2014-11-07T18:51:27.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10197" CreationDate="2014-11-08T01:45:31.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no possible single and perfect answer to your question. No matter how big or small the project you will have to understand its requirements and architecture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you say you have to do white box testing so I believe you will have to be involved in code review and optimization. For this you will require to go through the code, the whole of it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as where to start is concerned, well start with discussion with the other stakeholders of the project. Get to know your team and your project better. Then decide the priority and risks depending on time availability and budget. With this you will know where to begin and where to concentrate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have your strategy put together ask other stakeholders' feedback. Get another set of eyes on it to see if you missed put something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-08T01:45:31.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-09T02:40:10.257" Score="9" ViewCount="10773" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have few audio and video files which I need to play and verify the files are playing perfect or there is choppy audio or issues with pixel when videos are playing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can easily verify this manually, But How can I make my automation script know this. What should be the Pass/Fail criteria for automation script to make a bad file to file and good file to pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Sashi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:43:56.880" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T10:02:29.393" Title="Verify Quality of Video and Audio Played using Automation Scripts" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2014-11-09T02:50:57.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certifications can only prove that certified personal has knowledge. But In order to be a good tester , we need to apply knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISTQB certification test only knowledge but not on how to apply knowledge. There can be still dumb testers even with ISTQB certificates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T01:49:27.577" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T01:49:27.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10231" CreationDate="2014-11-10T14:43:32.337" Score="0" ViewCount="658" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use circle to run JS and PHP test (Protractor/ Phpunit).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like use parallelism to win time but i don't know configure the parallelism. I activate the parallelism in the circle parameters (2 containers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My actual circle configuration (circle.yml) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Depend de app/config/parameters.circle.yml (parametre symfony pour circle) et app/config/apache.circle (configuration d'Apache pour Circle)&#xA;&#xA;# Configuration du serveur&#xA;machine:&#xA;    php:&#xA;        version: 5.4.21&#xA;    timezone:&#xA;        Europe/Paris&#xA;    hosts:&#xA;        bluegrey.circle.dev: 127.0.0.1&#xA;&#xA;dependencies:&#xA;    pre:&#xA;        # SauceConnect (Angular)&#xA;        - wget https://saucelabs.com/downloads/sc-latest-linux.tar.gz&#xA;        - tar -xzf sc-latest-linux.tar.gz&#xA;        - ./bin/sc -u johnnyEvo -k xxx:&#xA;            background: true&#xA;            pwd: sc-*-linux&#xA;        # Installation protractor (Angular)&#xA;        - npm install -g protractor&#xA;        # On active XDebug&#xA;        - sed -i 's/^;//' ~/.phpenv/versions/$(phpenv global)/etc/conf.d/xdebug.ini&#xA;        - echo &quot;xdebug.max_nesting_level = 250&quot; &amp;gt; ~/.phpenv/versions/$(phpenv global)/etc/conf.d/xdebug.ini&#xA;        # Configuration d'Apache&#xA;        - cp app/config/apache.circle /etc/apache2/sites-available&#xA;        - a2ensite apache.circle&#xA;        - sudo service apache2 restart&#xA;    override:&#xA;        # Composer&#xA;        - composer install --prefer-source --no-interaction&#xA;    post:&#xA;        # Assets&#xA;        - app/console assetic:dump&#xA;        # Parameters&#xA;        - cp app/config/parameters.circle.yml.dist app/config/parameters.yml&#xA;&#xA;database:&#xA;    pre:&#xA;        # Base de données (test)&#xA;        - app/console doctrine:database:create --env=test --no-interaction&#xA;        - app/console doctrine:schema:update --force --env=test --no-interaction&#xA;        # Base de données (prod/ angular)&#xA;        - app/console doctrine:database:drop --no-interaction --force&#xA;        - app/console doctrine:database:create --no-interaction&#xA;        - app/console doctrine:schema:update --force --no-interaction&#xA;        # Fixture&#xA;        - app/console doctrine:fixture:load --no-interaction&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;test:&#xA;    pre:&#xA;        # Permission pour que Protractor puisse naviguer le site&#xA;        - sudo setfacl -R -m u:www-data:rwx -m u:`whoami`:rwx app/cache app/logs app/sessions&#xA;        - sudo setfacl -dR -m u:www-data:rwx -m u:`whoami`:rwx app/cache app/logs app/sessions&#xA;    override:&#xA;        - php -d memory_limit=-1 bin/phpunit -c app&#xA;        - protractor angutest&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9198" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T08:48:12.150" Title="Run the test JS and PHP in parallel via CircleCI" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10210" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-10T16:47:19.307" Score="0" ViewCount="5719" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to close and then re-open the FF browser with different URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9200" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T07:01:09.203" Title="How to open two firefox browsers using selenium? Closing one and then opening another with different URL" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-11-11T22:49:49.853" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9912" CreationDate="2014-11-10T19:43:18.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a couple have already mentioned (thank you both) - uTest has a lot of resources for testers of various skills.  **Disclaimer, I work at uTest/Applause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gigs,&#xA;You might find value and enjoyment in some of the courses we've setup: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://university.utest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://university.utest.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a lot of learning and sandbox opportunities so you can play/break/learn in a controlled environment.  The best part might be the paid test cycles you'll get invited to as your progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also learned about good bug reporting through simply reaching out to developers directly online to report a bug. The two most common areas of concern seem to be, 1) is it critical and, 2) is it repeatable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out the link and, as always, I'm happy to answer any questions direct - just tag me in a comment or email me directly at msolar@applause.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best,&#xA;Matt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9159" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T19:43:18.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-10T20:00:34.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer: Imagine you're trying to guide someone that's blindfolded through an obstacle course.  They'll need to know where they are, details about how to move, and information about what to expect at each step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug reports are similar; you need to use words, pictures, and video to accurately guide them through what you were doing, what you expected, and when it broke down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We (uTest) have written a lot on this topic in conjunction with our community of 150,000+ testers.  Here's one example I found with a quick search -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to Write a Quality Bug Report&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing a good bug report is one of the most talked-about topics in the testing world. The art of&#xA;creating a well-written bug report requires a balanced combination of&#xA;testing and communication skills. This course provides advice and tips&#xA;geared towards helping you create bug reports that are informative and&#xA;actionable, thus improving their value to the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a bit too long for a post but here are the areas it covers -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Title&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actions Performed (Steps)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected and Actual Results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attachments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's even more here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://university.utest.com/?s=bug+report&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://university.utest.com/?s=bug+report&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9159" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T20:00:34.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9934" CreationDate="2014-11-10T21:46:10.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming you're using MSTest, and if that's the case you can use &lt;code&gt;TestContext.AddResultFile()&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.visualstudio.testtools.unittesting.testcontext.addresultfile.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;MSDN&quot;&gt;MSDN Documentation&lt;/a&gt;).  This won't attach files to the test case work item though, it'll only attach files to the test execution result. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T21:46:10.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10187" CreationDate="2014-11-10T23:17:05.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Showing port 80 is no more harmful that showing &quot;http&quot;.  In fact, a fully qualified URL &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.example.com.:80&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many of these pieces are now assumed by the browser in order to make users' (especially non-tech users') lives easier.  In fact, most tech people don't know about the trailing dot at the end of the top level domain.  (The DNS equivalent of the root symbol.)  Now users can just type in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;example.com&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The greater question is, &quot;Why is your system displaying the port number?&quot;.  I'm guessing something is mis-configured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9202" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T23:17:05.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10197" CreationDate="2014-11-10T23:23:43.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I can't add comments yet, I'll start with an answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Begin with the simplest case scenario.  You said you have 5 individual modules.  What's the minimum you can do in module 1 to provide the output to module 2, etc.  Map that out on a piece of paper with each module being a square and an arrow going from one module to the next.  That way if they can skip each other, you can draw routes, say from module 1 to 3, or from 4 back to 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have that done you'll have your basic test bed.  Then you can start adding &quot;options&quot; to each box.  What are the basic categories of data you can change in each module, that will cause it to feed different data to different modules.  This will give you a really nice picture of what the tests need to look like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my company this usually results in about a dozen different modules or &quot;stops&quot;, each with 3 to a dozen different configuration options, which results in millions of paths.  We then use a script that randomizes the paths and generates the tests.  While we can't cover the millions of iterations, we can do a representative sample and then look for any glaring holes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9202" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T23:23:43.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10210" CreationDate="2014-11-10T23:29:42.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can open 2 browsers by initializing 2 firefox instance and then get() method will open URL in each browser accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you want to use 1 firefox instance i.e. open it, close it and open it again ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4349" LastActivityDate="2014-11-10T23:29:42.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10219" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-11T06:33:43.450" Score="0" ViewCount="1017" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to get Server Stats like CPU Usage, Response time etc. when Load has been applied from Client PC. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am Using Blazemeter with Jmeter on Ubuntu 12.04 OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks Expert for being on Stack Exchange. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9085" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T12:24:43.883" Title="How to get Server Stats like CPU Usage, Response time etc. when Load has been applied from Client PC" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10178" CreationDate="2014-11-11T11:08:21.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Defect reporting tools are going to vary at each company. For example; some places use HP's QLM, some places use Target Process, some places just use Word/Excel. (I'm not associated with any of these companies but have used them at clients in the past!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the content goes... you've kind of answered your own question. The report needs to be clear, concise and factual. Typical bug reports can vary between companies, but generally include the same basic information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Description / Summary of the issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prerequisites of the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Steps to reproduce the defect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected Outcome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual Outcome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Branch/Revision info&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test evidence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last point is especially useful as a picture says a thousand words and shows the developer exactly what you're seeing (particularly for front-end UI / UX issues)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck with finding a tool to use - you'll find they're largely the same but may have completely different pricing options so may be best off with creating a Word template and good ol' fashion email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2014-11-11T11:08:21.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10210" CreationDate="2014-11-11T11:29:46.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, it's not possible to close a tab or window and open another with Selenium's basic setup. IWebDriver might be what you're looking for as it enables you to control the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm not sure what you'd gain from closing the window and then going to a different URL anyway &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/dotnet/html/T_OpenQA_Selenium_IWebDriver.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check this link&lt;/a&gt; - maybe you could be more specific as to what you're wanting it to achieve?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T07:00:29.247" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T07:00:29.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10238" CreationDate="2014-11-11T13:45:42.113" Score="0" ViewCount="338" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have a web site deals with HBase instead of oracle and HBase Dosen't have any interface to Query on it such as Oracle, So i want a tool to automate this site &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T17:21:23.437" Title="How can i automate site access HBase" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10210" CreationDate="2014-11-11T17:17:54.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException &#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            // Launch The Browser&#xA;            WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            // Enter Url&#xA;&#xA;            driver.get(baseurl);&#xA;&#xA;            driver.close();&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriver driver2 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            driver.get(enter your second url);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this code works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T07:01:09.203" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T07:01:09.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10225" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-11T19:46:48.103" Score="1" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've found that there are quite a few defects introduced when files that need to be changed together are not. To address this, we're working on bringing the code together, so the change can be made in one place and unit-tested. We have a git repository, and we'd like to know which files change most often and which files are changed together so that we can be sure that we're collecting the right code together. It's no problem to rank the files by the number of changes made. It's not so easy to cluster the files into groups that are usually changed together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know of a tool for analyzing a git repository that would help identify the files that get changed together?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="105" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T19:32:58.880" Title="Is there a tool to find groups of files that are changed together?" Tags="&lt;static-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10226" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-11T21:39:54.500" Score="2" ViewCount="369" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; Intended to be a product/service recommendation question - I am trying really hard to word this so it isn't one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone here perform static analysis on your code using abstract interpretation or formal methods? If so, did you have to license a tool to do it? Is this something that can be contracted out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my dillemma:&#xA;My company makes embedded systems products. Our programming language is C99 and the target we're running on a 16bit little-endian processor. We are looking into some code analysis tools that use formal methods / abstract interpretation to evaluate all execution paths of code and guarantee that they will be free from run time exceptions. This does not replace function testing like unit testing or system integration testing, but it would give us extra coverage on scenarios that are hard to test in system and it would reduce the amount of time an effort that we need to put into code reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've looked at several tools and they are all great! They are also pretty expensive (~30kUSD is the price floor). I could run some numbers and prove that we will get ROI in a few years vs. doing nothing, but I am wondering if there are any other options. We also do not necessarily need to run the tool daily or nightly - our release frequency isn't that fast. Sure that would be nice, but we would also benefit greatly just being able to run the tool periodically before major milestones and releases - so a couple of times a month.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So naturally I started looking into contractors who may have the tool and could run this service for us. But I can't seem to find any. It appears the vendors who make these tools might all have clauses in their EULAs that prohibit them from using the tool on code they do not own or are not shipping in their product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some open source options out there that I am aware of - but taking the time to configure that tool without support also has some implicit cost to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are contractors that are able to do this sort of thing, then perhaps I am just not searching for them the right way. Is there some other term I should be searching for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9210" LastEditorUserId="9210" LastEditDate="2014-11-12T15:08:14.217" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T09:52:51.083" Title="Licensing restrictions of formal methods (code proof) tools and contractors" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9535" CreationDate="2014-11-12T05:25:53.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you need to update your selenium jar file and then try this code, i hope this code works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); &#xA;// Now you can do whatever you need to do with it, for example copy somewhere &#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;C:\\eclipse\\scrennshot\\screenshot.png&quot;));                   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastEditorUserId="11513" LastEditDate="2015-05-01T10:45:15.107" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T10:45:15.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10219" CreationDate="2014-11-12T07:46:27.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your application server is Tomcat or JBoss you can query this information via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Monitor_Results&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Monitor Results&lt;/a&gt; listener&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other case it is still possible via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PerfMon JMeter Plugin&lt;/a&gt; which can collect different server side metrics like CPU, Memory, swap, disk and network IO on almost all platforms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blazemeter supports all the plugins assuming that you upload associated .jar files along with your test script .jmx file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T07:46:27.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10219" CreationDate="2014-11-12T08:26:09.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your server application turns on JAVA you can use jconsole or jvisualvm to monitor it.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;They are located in your $JAVA_HOME/bin from your server. &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Before to launch them you need to export your X11 display: &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;export DISPLAY=11.11.111.111:0.0 (Replace 111 by the IP of your client machine)&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;On your server side launch jconsole or jvisualvm, it will be opened on your client machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T08:26:09.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10209" CreationDate="2014-11-12T08:48:12.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution is &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26846904/run-phpunit-and-js-test-simultaneous-via-circleci/26847900#26847900&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;test:&#xA;  override:&#xA;    - case $CIRCLE_NODE_INDEX in 0) [Your action in first container] ;; 1) [Your action in second container] ;; esac:&#xA;        parallel: true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9198" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T08:48:12.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-12T13:24:35.063" Score="1" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;what are some good techniques, approaches to find defects in a web based application, which would be found in basic testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9220" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T05:15:59.603" Title="&quot;What Are Some Good Bug Finding Techniques&quot;?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-11-14T03:49:58.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10232" CreationDate="2014-11-12T16:38:48.920" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out the test heuristics cheat sheet:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you some ideas of what types of things to look for when testing a given type of system.  For example, when testing something with an input, do boundary testing (test the limits: what happens when you input nothing? what happens when you input too much data? etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T16:38:48.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10232" CreationDate="2014-11-12T16:57:45.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best approach would be the understand the requirement or the situation and test accordingly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastEditorUserId="9015" LastEditDate="2014-11-13T05:15:59.603" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T05:15:59.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10223" CreationDate="2014-11-12T17:21:23.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the HBase Java API to query hbase, here is some documentation on how that works:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.hortonworks.com/HDPDocuments/HDP2/HDP-2.1.2/bk_system-admin-guide/content/ch_ha-HBase-query-API.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.hortonworks.com/HDPDocuments/HDP2/HDP-2.1.2/bk_system-admin-guide/content/ch_ha-HBase-query-API.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also google &quot;query HBASE with Java API&quot; and you find a bunch of info there on how to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-11-12T17:21:23.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10239" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-13T04:47:12.107" Score="2" ViewCount="8090" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen lots and lots of jokes of programming. But there are very few jokes about QA. I feel sorry for that. So it very much needed to make our our own kind of jokes repo. And as i have no reputation to make a tag, can any one please make a tag for it also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9179" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T10:27:06.800" Title="What are the common Quality Assurance jokes?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-11-14T03:38:50.020" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10239" CreationDate="2014-11-13T04:51:04.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am giving an answer first as i have stumbled upon in google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a067e.png&quot; alt=&quot;SQA Jokes for SQA engineers&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9179" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T04:51:04.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10239" CreationDate="2014-11-13T10:27:06.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to answer we are too serious for jokes but... &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://extremesoftwaretesting.com/Humor/JokesSoftwareTesting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://extremesoftwaretesting.com/Humor/JokesSoftwareTesting.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T10:27:06.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10164" CreationDate="2014-11-13T13:08:36.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This code is working fine for me :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;     ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;     options.addArguments(&quot;--test-type&quot;);&#xA;     options.addArguments(&quot;--lang=hi&quot;);&#xA;     ChromeDriver wd;&#xA;     wd = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;     wd.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;     wd.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its changing the language, showing up as first preferred language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8936" LastEditorUserId="8936" LastEditDate="2014-11-13T13:14:16.540" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T13:14:16.540" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9805" CreationDate="2014-11-13T13:45:24.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use reportNG. Its the reporting plugin for testNG. You can add your message using&#xA;Reporter.log(&quot;Your Message&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to add your alert messages in report and your project is Maven project then add following in pom.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;reporting&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.testng.xslt&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;testng-xslt-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;showRuntimeTotals&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/showRuntimeTotals&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;sortTestCaseLinks&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/sortTestCaseLinks&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;testDetailsFilter&amp;gt;FAIL,PASS,SKIP,CONF&amp;lt;/testDetailsFilter&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/reporting&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Reporter.log(&quot;Your message&quot;); you can add your messages and can see in Test Output-&gt; index.html -&gt;Reporter Output&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumeasy.com/testng-tutorials/configuring-reportng-with-testng-to-generate-html-reports&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumeasy.com/testng-tutorials/configuring-reportng-with-testng-to-generate-html-reports&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8936" LastEditorUserId="8936" LastEditDate="2014-11-14T09:18:12.687" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T09:18:12.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6262" CreationDate="2014-11-13T21:21:32.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I realize this question was asked a year ago, so maybe you are not looking anymore.  But if you or someone else who finds this question is, I recommend you look at Worksoft Certify.  I spent many months analyzing test automation tools - there are a lot out there, and our decision boiled down to either HP UFT or Worksoft Certify.  After months of evaluating these 2, I concluded Worksoft Certify was the better choice for several reasons, but a few major ones that I'll summarize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;initial test script creation from scratch tends to be quicker with HP, but that is where the benefit ends.  Certify's tests run as business processes instead of technical scripts.  For someone who is unfamiliar with scripting or test automation, it is much easier to learn and much easier to change or maintain tests, so you can even have non-developers using it.  Tests are also shareable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;again, initial test data entry may be quicker with HP, but that's because you hard-type data into a data spreadsheet that is specific to the script.  In Certify test data is again more maintainable, and the same test data set can be used in multiple tests.  Data is also shareable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In my experience, Certify was more stable, and the company more responsive and helpful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The nature of how Worksoft Certify works helps avoid some pitfalls of test automation that companies fall into...especially if you want people without scripting experience to be creating the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worksoft.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.worksoft.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9234" LastEditorUserId="9234" LastEditDate="2014-11-13T21:27:33.283" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T21:27:33.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3292" CreationDate="2014-11-13T21:34:06.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Find element (singular returns only the first element that matches), whereas find_elements returns an iterable list of all matches. As Suchit explained, you can loop through the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also select an individual box in the list using the index. For example, to select the second box:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;    driver.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;//input[@name='arr[]']&quot;)[1].click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastActivityDate="2014-11-13T21:34:06.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10249" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10283" CreationDate="2014-11-14T09:17:22.897" Score="4" ViewCount="818" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Knowledge level&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a how-to for a beginner, not so much for a expert or consultant answer like &quot;it depends&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to add the &quot;it depends&quot; parts nevertheless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you proceed if you were tasked with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Analyse this code base and tell us where to do more testing to find&#xA;  bugs and to prevent introducing bugs in critical components in the&#xA;  future&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Procedure&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Step 1: Get data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This part seems clear to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the code base&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run it through a code coverage tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get a heat map of which parts of the code are well covered and which are not (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/wac/software/clover/overview/screenshot-tour/featureItems/0/featureItems/00/imageBinary/clover-treemap.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example screenshot&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Step 2: Analyse the results&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the part I need help with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take the code coverage heat map&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take the parts with the most dependencies?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take the parts the software architects labelled as critical and important?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take the parts that used to have lots of bugs in the past?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overlay the data from A with the information from B and find areas to improve&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Draw conclusions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Step 3: Provide suggestions for improvement&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a manager I probably would expect a prioritized list of areas to work on and improve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority 1&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method X in class Y is called a million times and has low code coverage so we should increase coverage to 100% (100% coverage doesn't necessarily mean you've done a good job)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority 2&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component Z has low code coverage and has had lots of problems and bugs, so we should test more there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority 3&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Help required&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps 2 and 3 are where I'd love to get some suggestions for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9118" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T19:19:26.020" Title="How to interpret / analyse code coverage results and provide suggestions for improvements?" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10249" CreationDate="2014-11-14T10:44:48.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code coverage of applications are more the responsibility of developers and not testers. For example it is them who are supposed to the white box tests (Unit tests in the code). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;However as testers it is true we may be curious.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;For Java code I advice you to have a look on SONAR: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sonarqube.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;This tool will answer to your questions about what is critical or not. It is nice because it analyses the code and then sort the issue following how they are critical.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2014-11-14T10:44:48.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10253" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-14T20:32:10.653" Score="0" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to set up a load of test cases for a program, I've managed to create cases for all of the if statements, but the while loops and for loops confuse me a bit as I'm not sure what the test cases should be. I have pseudo code such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DO for each word (firstword) in textlist&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DO while error flag clear and rows left to read&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9242" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T20:58:37.380" Title="Condition/Decision testing with loops" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8776" CreationDate="2014-11-15T09:14:08.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use XML as object repository like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ObjRep&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;url&amp;gt;http://www.google.com&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;search_TxtFld&amp;gt;q&amp;lt;/search_TxtFld&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;submt&amp;gt;btnG&amp;lt;/submt&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ObjRep&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can use the code for retrieve the objects from xml below is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public void objRepository(String eleName){&#xA;        try{&#xA;        File file=new File(&quot;F:\\Test.xml&quot;);&#xA;        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();&#xA;        DocumentBuilder db=dbf.newDocumentBuilder();&#xA;        Document doc=db.parse(file);&#xA;        doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();&#xA;        //System.out.println(&quot;The node name is: &quot;+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());  &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    NodeList nList=doc.getElementsByTagName(&quot;ObjRep&quot;);&#xA;    //System.out.println(&quot;The length is: &quot;+nList.getLength());&#xA;    for(int i=0; i&amp;lt;nList.getLength(); i++){&#xA;        Node nNode=nList.item(i);&#xA;        if(nNode.getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE){&#xA;          Element ele=(Element) nNode;&#xA;          System.out.println(ele.getElementsByTagName(eleName).item(i).getTextContent());&#xA;          }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    }catch(Exception e){&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can use as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;d.get(objRepository(url));&#xA;d.findelement(by.name(objRepository(search_TxtFld)).sendkeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;d.findelement(by.name(search_TxtFld(submt)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2017-11-18T19:25:20.623" LastActivityDate="2017-11-18T19:25:20.623" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10204" CreationDate="2014-11-15T12:05:47.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use FFplay . Its a command line player which can be invoked through a script(I use perl). Then you can monitor its output for any kind of error. Although it will not give pixel level information but it can be used for high level testing and monitoring of a video stream.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9256" LastActivityDate="2014-11-15T12:05:47.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9886" CreationDate="2014-11-15T12:24:46.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I faced similar kind of problem earlier. Here is my suggestions&#xA;1- Don't just wait for page to load write a logic for it.Try to make several attempts after a given interval. (refer below mention code. language is perl)&#xA;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;my $wait =some_value;&#xA;my $url =&quot;something&quot;;&#xA;for($i=0;$i&amp;lt;=5;$i++){&#xA;eval{&#xA;$selenium-&amp;gt;get($url);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;if($@){&#xA;print &quot;$i attempt became unsuccessful.&quot;;&#xA;sleep($wait);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;else{&#xA;print &quot;Got the url in $i attempt&quot;;&#xA;last;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;if($i&amp;gt;5){&#xA;print &quot;All attempts failed.&quot;;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Some times its not a selenium problem. Since selenium starts a news instance of firefox , it check for the certificate which is going to be loaded. If you have demo certificate try to add it to firefiox manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Check your firewall settings. Some routers block automated queries. e.g. If you are using belkin router they have an explicit firewall build in the router. Disable it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9256" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-11-25T12:23:50.493" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T12:23:50.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="643" CreationDate="2014-11-16T09:46:16.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is really a good question that I've been thinking of. I'd like to add something here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple answer to the question, and to the point that scrum means everything should be done is done in the end of the sprint, is automation should be done together along with other tasks in the sprint. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that is too realistic. In the real world, id all depends. There would be a couple of factors come to play, such as test/automation resource availability and automation ROI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have dedicated testers in the scrum team, or if not everyone can write test automation, that means automation sometimes became a critical path in the sprint. If team depends on the automation being written to do regression for the current sprint, it would require good flexibility on allocating dev resources to automation development. This is something not every scrum team could do in real world. It may end up that some automation work is put into backlog and became tech-debt, which has to be handled in later sprints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if a new product or new features in product is not in a stable state. Significant changes would be introduced multiple times, it is not wise to automation such areas immediately. Manual test or exploratory test would be more efficient to get the product shipped. And automate later could save a lot of automation maintenance effort. If team knows for sure this is going happen, automation early may not be a good idea. This is the nature of automation development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4993" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T09:46:16.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3744" CreationDate="2014-11-16T09:52:34.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation is a core set of automated regression testing should be part of the build process, if you don't have a CI pipeline. Or at least it is executed on regular basis based on the build cycle and the cost of execution and result investigation. This core set of regression test should be executed and maintained through the whole development cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Noticed that this is a old question. It would be helpful if the owner could share the approaches taken and how it went.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4993" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T09:52:34.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9144" CreationDate="2014-11-16T10:10:52.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working for a top large enterprise software company. I've worked for internet company and consumer product companies. Assume you mean taking screenshot for manual test execution. I never heard that screenshot is taken even no bug is found. If the intention is to simply prove the test is executed, you team got a trust and management issue, address it first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4993" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T10:10:52.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9015" CreationDate="2014-11-16T10:17:04.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think all solutions depend on the problems. If I were you I would answer in following way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find out the motivations why formal QA team and process are planned to introduce, what are the quality problems the engineering team management expect to address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on the problems, layout the long term targets and short term targets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is not acceptable I think the problem itself is too hypothetical and should not be considered as a good written test question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4993" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T10:17:04.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10204" CreationDate="2014-11-16T12:30:39.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For audio quality you can use Matlab PSQM script I used it a long time ago but can't find the reference to it, you can interface Matlab from Perl, Python and probably other languages too. Alternatively you can use the C &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2329403/how-to-start-a-voice-quality-pesq-test&quot;&gt;PESQ code from ITU&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick found this Python &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/video-tester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Video Quality Tool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-11-16T12:30:39.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10266" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10274" CreationDate="2014-11-16T23:18:25.827" Score="-1" ViewCount="4109" Body="&lt;p&gt;the testing includes front end GUI testing and database verification and some files verification under windows/linux.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that selelnium can be used for front end GUI testing. what about the other testing? what is the proper way to handle those testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9259" LastEditorUserId="9259" LastEditDate="2014-11-17T00:10:17.543" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T10:00:53.517" Title="how to do automated testing on both front end and database" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-11-25T23:31:34.160" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10267" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10284" CreationDate="2014-11-17T01:13:56.767" Score="2" ViewCount="5590" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following report is generated by Gatling (my favorite performance test tool). I am wondering &lt;strong&gt;how to make use of the standard deviation and percentile data&lt;/strong&gt; that it produces. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am planning to use the std. deviation to monitor if the times are too much spread across multiple releases. I am looking for how people use these statistics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UGVuN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1103" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T11:56:39.357" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T15:20:19.383" Title="Use of Standard Deviation and Percentiles in performance testing" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;gatling&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13895" CreationDate="2014-11-17T03:12:19.950" Score="2" ViewCount="2971" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to JMeter,and started learning as we as exploring the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we are using Performance Center for Load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually we will move to JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the scenario how we designed on the PC. Scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Total No.of users : 451 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Total No.of scripts: 191 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ramp Up: Start 50 users 8 users for every 10 sec's Duration : 5 min's &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ramp Up: Start 50 users 8 users for every 10 sec's Duration : 5 min's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So on.. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once it reaches to 451 users run for 25 min's Ramp Down: same way how ramped up &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Total Test duration : 2 he's 15 min's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note:Each script has assigned different no.of users I.e users distributed differnt numbers. For ex Script1 assigned users are 10, Script2:8; Script 3: So on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same scenario how can I do in jMeter? I know Blaze meter we can define, but not exactly what I mentioned above. Using Blaze meter we can define No.Of users; Rampup 50;Test duration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9258" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T10:35:41.260" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T20:34:34.767" Title="How to design scenario in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10266" CreationDate="2014-11-17T04:30:35.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With selenium you can insert data into database via a frontend and also retrieve and read the reports in a similar way. It also supports file handling as far as I know. Check out documentation on seleniumhq.org and read the manual and functions. I'm sure you will find the code piece you are looking for in there and them use them to build your logic and execute your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T04:30:35.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10273" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10285" CreationDate="2014-11-17T06:42:33.303" Score="3" ViewCount="420" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since becoming QA I have found my work-life balancing dwindling. It seems like there is more and more pressure to achieve perfection with less and less resources. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has led to the following scenarios as of late:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitoring production servers and services for failures and faults&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assisting with releases that &lt;strong&gt;may&lt;/strong&gt; impact my system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working excessive, odd hours that include overnight, days, morning, late afternoons, weekends etc all within a single week.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reviewing source code and assisting developers with enhancements and tweaks to improve stability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has led to several issues, mainly exhaustion. As the sole QA for the project, it leads me to believe that this will only continue to get worse. Being exhausted at work will only hinder my ability to detect defects. The issue is anytime I do not oblige these requests it only seems to make matters worse in the sense that issues tend to always arise due to it. It is a very &quot;let's do it anyways and see what happens&quot; type of mindset when I am not able to participate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question is essentially, how do I explain to my company and bosses that I can no longer continue to work the amount I have been working.Not just for myself, but for the overall quality of the software as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T19:43:58.113" Title="Managing work-life Balance in QA" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;work-place&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10266" CreationDate="2014-11-17T07:55:51.337" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;I had a similar task in the past. &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;In order to have the maximum of flexibility I advice you to you selenium with Java.&#xA;At the following address, you will find a example how to start: &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;As your test will be written in Java, you are free to do all the check you wish in database thx to JDBC or verify if files exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T07:55:51.337" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-17T08:57:43.057" Score="1" ViewCount="990" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I do my selenium testing by opening the browser in android device from my PC, without connecting through USB?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9265" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-11-25T12:20:03.413" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T13:01:50.040" Title="Selenium Testing in Android Devices without USB connection" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10364" CreationDate="2014-11-17T10:59:12.740" Score="1" ViewCount="1214" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got my code ready in Selenium IDE and exported it to Selenium Webdriver (JUnit 4). My code was working perfectly in Selenium IDE but an issue has arose after my migration to Selenium Webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is on a click!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Selenium IDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: Click&#xA;Target: id=vdc_div2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Selenium Webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;vdc_div2&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the other clicks in Selenium Webdriver are working apart this. It doesn't find this element and gives a &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element.&lt;/code&gt; I have also tried different locators, such as xpath and css.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The html for this is as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;pmc_vdc_items&quot; class=&quot;row clearfix pmc-row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;div id=&quot;vdc_div0&quot; class=&quot;pmc-selection-tile-large&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div id=&quot;vdc_div1&quot; class=&quot;pmc-selection-tile-large&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div id=&quot;vdc_div2&quot; class=&quot;pmc-selection-tile-large pmc-selection-tile-large- active&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;vdc_div3&quot; class=&quot;pmc-selection-tile-large&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2014-11-18T12:52:26.987" LastActivityDate="2015-02-22T15:32:16.883" Title="Not able to click in Selenium Webdriver. Getting a NoSuchElementException" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10219" CreationDate="2014-11-17T12:24:43.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I vouch for &lt;a href=&quot;http://dag.wiee.rs/home-made/dstat/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dstat&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Simply start it before running the test, it can save results in csv file so you can later xanalyze it with jmeter results. &#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xvB2V.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8319" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T12:24:43.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10281" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10282" CreationDate="2014-11-17T12:34:57.570" Score="1" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;I analyzing a static analysis tool. I have performed test on some samples apps and some real life apps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to write comparison metrics for both sets of apps. But I'm not clear about what are the 'comparison metrics', especially for a static analysis tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can some one please tell me what 'comparison metrics' means for a tool in general. And what will be the metrics for static analysis tool, will it consist of recall and precision? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple example will be really helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I Googled about it, but just found the metrics for codes lines etc, and I could not understand what it will be in my case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9268" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T18:47:36.680" Title="Comparison metrics for a static analysis tool" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10281" CreationDate="2014-11-17T13:04:29.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think about what you are analysing, what the tools do and what has your boss asked you to look at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What features of the tools will be useful in your workplace? And, which will be a hindrance? What do the tools cost to buy and use: initially, per user, per year? What will be the cost of using the tools: what training is needed, how will they be integrated into your current working practices? Can you introduce the tool in a small way on a small project with a small number of users to get experience of it or must you do a &quot;big bang&quot; installation across everything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have done some test executions of the tools. Did they find the errors you were expecting? How many false positives were reported? How many errors were not detected? Can you turn off certain error messages so that today you can concentrate on the important messages but slowly over months or years turn on stronger checks. Can the tool perform strong checking on new code but weaker checking on old established code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to rephrase any of the above topics that are important to you in ways that give numbers or Yes-No answers. Add other topics you find important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T13:04:29.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10249" CreationDate="2014-11-17T15:11:13.437" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coverage should be done by developers, especially coverage by unit tests. You can track the numbers and suggest that if code is added to a module, test is added so new code is covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there is nothing you can do (as QA) to increase code coverage by unit tests. So if you responsible for that, it is by definition an exercise in frustration (because you cannot control it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a suite of &lt;strong&gt;automated tests,&lt;/strong&gt; matter of interests might be to check the coverage (separate from coverage by unit tests). And again, you may aim on increasing the coverage as the time passes. But again, number would be just some bogus metrics. It does not tell you anything about what input combination causes what code to be executed, if executed code make any assertions (and can fail if something is wrong) and failure in which modules will cause the most damage for your customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In testing, there is &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; more test cases to be tested than the time available. It is always about the compromise doing as good job as we possibly can in the time available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A&quot; is QA does not stand for &quot;Assurance&quot; but for &quot;Assistance&quot;. We provide additional input for managers to make business decision about releases of new versions. It is not the only input to make such decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coverage can hint at the problem (&quot;these wast areas of code have no unit test coverage&quot;), but if someone tells you that 78% coverage is better than 75%, s/he is probably selling you some snake oil solution for a problem you don't have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T15:11:13.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10267" CreationDate="2014-11-17T15:21:39.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use HP LoadRunner(fyi) so I have 90th percentile, but the question does not change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I explain to managers consuming these reports:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Std. Deviation number should be low.  If your test is fairly consistent in load you want to see this number low because it means most response times are close in number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Mean is great but only accounts for what 50% of your users will experience.  I tend to look at the 90th(95th) percentiles values, rather than mean, to ensure only those 10% wildcard calls are 'forgiven'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I explain to technical people/developers consuming these reports:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Std. Deviation number is too low/high.  Lets use it to identify a potential bottleneck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 90th(95th) percentile is within/exceeds your SLA.  Lets look at resource download times, contention points, or un-optimized stored procedures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this helps you.  I try to keep it simple.  As you very-well know, performance testing is an iterative process.  If you find 1 issue, re-run and find the next! :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T15:21:39.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10273" CreationDate="2014-11-17T15:35:17.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;With the suggestion to post elsewhere withstanding...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you tried to speak to your manager/project lead and explain your bandwidth constraints?  Try to explain it in terms of quality rather than your exhaustion.  Tell them you need another QA person for a few reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fresh/multiple eyes will catch more issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DEV/QA ratio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Humans make mistakes (speak to your bandwidth constraints)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some of your own...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, ask them if they can bring in another person to work with you on QA for this project.  If they care about quality and want you/the team to succeed they will likely find a way.  If they don't... why do you?  Maybe that is cynical, but is it worth killing yourself over?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T15:35:17.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10273" CreationDate="2014-11-17T15:49:27.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't kill yourself. As I commented elsewhere, &lt;strong&gt;&quot;A&quot; in &quot;QA&quot; stands for &quot;Assistance&quot; not &quot;Assurance&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt; You can &quot;Assure&quot; only what you can control, and developers have own boss, do not report to QA. Your goal as QA is &quot;assist&quot; managers by providing the info to management about quality and how to improve it, and catch &lt;strong&gt;as many of the most important bugs as you can in time available.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you told managers about conditions and limits of what you can do, and management decided it is OK, your job is done. So continue doing good job in finding bugs but don't get frustrated that you cannot change what your management did not gave resources for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-11-21T19:43:58.113" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T19:43:58.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10287" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-17T16:25:23.597" Score="0" ViewCount="4373" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to test an Image carousel using Selenium C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of the type of the type of carousel can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://bxslider.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://bxslider.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the test could click on the next image, assert that there is an image and then perhaps in the last image attempt to click on a link to lead us to a new page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is what I attempted so far but I have no idea to check an image is present and to click on the link on the last image&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; Parent = Driver.Instance.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;//*[@class='pagination']/li&quot;));&#xA;        int ListCount = Parent.Count;&#xA;&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; ListCount; i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            var wait = new WebDriverWait(Driver.Instance, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            var arrow = Driver.Instance.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='cpBanners_ucc1_ctl00_rptSlides_hlProperty_0']&quot;));&#xA;            arrow.Click();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be much appreciated, Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9270" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T18:57:51.940" Title="How to test Image carousel" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10024" CreationDate="2014-11-17T21:50:24.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option is to install the standalone server, if you want to run the tests locally using a different browser than FireFox.  This will let you use WebDriver playback to record tests in FireFox using the IDE, and play them back in IE, Chrome, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this, do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download &quot;selenium-server-standalone-[version].jar from the selenium downloads page at &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optionally download the IE Driver Server from the same location as above&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open a command prompt, navigate to the file location and enter the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-[version].jar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To run in IE, the command should be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-[version].jar -Dbwebdriver.ie.driver=IEDriverServer.exe&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now the IDE should work to play back with WebDriver.  You can see any errors in the command prompt window.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that to run using Internet Explorer, you will need to enter &quot;iexplore&quot; in the WebDriver tab in the IDE options (not &quot;internet explorer&quot; as is implied by the instructions label in the dialog).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9272" LastActivityDate="2014-11-17T21:50:24.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10289" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-18T11:06:48.790" Score="0" ViewCount="1262" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can we capture run time values using selenium webdriver ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For e.g while testing a banking site, we provide all details necessary to create a new customer and click submit. A customer ID is generated shown in the next page with the details of the customer listed in a tabular format (after successful new customer creation). How do we capture this ID ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help appreciated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8699" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T13:59:29.747" Title="How can we capture run time values using selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10289" CreationDate="2014-11-18T13:59:29.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If ID is shown on the page - it is shown as text in some element. Which has some locator. Find that element and get it's text or value property, as appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T13:59:29.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-18T14:30:00.597" Score="1" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the purpose of the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;CorrelationExtractionRules&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag and the &lt;code&gt;CorrelationBinding=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/code&gt; attribute within the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;QueryStringParameter ...&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag within a Visual Studio 2013 &quot;.webtest&quot; file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The recorded web test for the web site I am testing has several requests that each has several extraction rules within the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;CorrelationExtractionRules&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags. There are also many query string parameters that have &lt;code&gt;CorrelationBinding=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/code&gt; attributes where the &lt;code&gt;...&lt;/code&gt; is the same name as in a correlation extraction rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The web test is not working as I desire. So I have recorded additional versions of the same test to try and find the important differences and hence the identify the fault. When I use a text file compare program on these &quot;.webtest&quot; files there are big differences in the correlation items. Are these differences significant? Can I just ignore the correlation items?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:18:33.870" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:18:33.870" Title="What are CorrelationExtractionRules and CorrelationBinding attributes in web test files" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10278" CreationDate="2014-11-18T16:14:11.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems to be the case where you try to find the element (using &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt;) before the page completely loaded its content. At that moment, the element might not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium itself already waits for the page to load. But in some cases (JavaScript execution, for example), it doesn't know the page content is fully loaded. So, you need to add robustness to your test by doing an Explicit Wait. Please see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to wait (until a timeout period) for a given expected condition to occur before proceeding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure this is your problem, but I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9282" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T16:14:11.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10293" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-18T16:33:13.633" Score="1" ViewCount="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've launched the community-driven opendata non-profitable site, and want to find the beta-tester enthusiasts. Can you suggest where I can to contact them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9283" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T14:22:19.950" Title="Find beta-testers for opendata site" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10294" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-11-18T17:14:30.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions related to testing of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;web-applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9283" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T12:33:15.883" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T12:33:15.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10295" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-11-18T17:14:30.067" Score="0" Body="Questions related to testing of web-applications and sites" OwnerUserId="9283" LastEditorUserId="9283" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T14:45:06.837" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T14:45:06.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10287" CreationDate="2014-11-18T17:52:59.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing the bxslider, you can use some of the following.&#xA;Every image is in a LI element, so after each click you can test if the next LI has become visible (and the previous one invisible). This will get you the list (try using other locators than XPath when possible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elements = driver.findElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;ul[class=\&quot;bxslider\&quot;] li&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might go about it like this: wait until the next image is shown. Either use the ExpectedCondition, see the original post in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22646031/selenium-wait-until-element-is-not-visible&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22646031/selenium-wait-until-element-is-not-visible&lt;/a&gt; or wait until the next image is visible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.Until(drv =&amp;gt; elements[1].Displayed);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then check if the previous one is no longer displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if you are aware of the sourcefiles' names, you can use those.&#xA;As you know the number of elements (.Count property) you can easily test if the first image returns after you skip the last one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-11-18T17:52:59.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10297" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-18T18:35:03.453" Score="1" ViewCount="2666" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to automation, and programming, for the most part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a test script where I have to verify the presence of certain elements within a page I am testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment, I have multiple try/catch blocks to test each individual element, but for the sake of code readability, I'd like to have one &quot;helper&quot; method, in which I can call for the various elements...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I have so far.... Where would I place this &quot;helper&quot; method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be placed outside of the main method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package automationFramework;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;public class Serp34Check {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;private static WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    // Create a new instance of the Firefox driver&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    //Put a Implicit wait, this means that any search for elements on the page could take the time the implicit wait is set for before throwing exception&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    //Launch the TestURL -- !!! This must be changed prior to adding script to story&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;&amp;lt;URL TO TEST&amp;gt;&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    //Output list of navigation links found within the page&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;These are the links found within the SERP's Navigation bar:&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement navBar = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;topnav&quot;));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; navigationLinks = navBar.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;li&quot;));&#xA;    int navLinksListSize = navigationLinks.size();&#xA;    for(int i=0; i&amp;lt;navLinksListSize; i++)   {&#xA;     String sValue = navigationLinks.get(i).getText();&#xA;     System.out.println(sValue);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //check for pricegrabber feed&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement priceGrabber = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class, 'pricegrabber_cont_block')]&quot;));&#xA;        if(priceGrabber != null)&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Pricegrabber feed is Present&quot;);&#xA;    }catch(Exception e){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Pricegrabber feed is Absent&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //check for offers.com feed on sidebar&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement offersSidebar = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class, 'offers_cont_block')]&quot;));&#xA;        if(offersSidebar != null)       &#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Offers.com sidebar feed is Present&quot;);&#xA;    }catch (Exception e){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Offers.com sidebar feed is Absent&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    //check for wikipedia block&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement wikiBlock = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class, 'wiki_cont_block')]&quot;));&#xA;        if(wikiBlock != null)&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Wikipedia.com sidebar feed is Present&quot;);&#xA;    }catch (Exception e){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Wikipedia.com sidebar feed is Absent&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;  //check for social icons&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement socialIcons = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@id, 'socialattach')]&quot;));&#xA;        if(socialIcons != null)&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Social icons sidebar feed is Present&quot;);&#xA;    }catch (Exception e){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Social icons sidebar feed is Absent&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Close the driver&#xA;           driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9284" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T20:12:55.773" Title="Where does the &quot;helper&quot; method get placed within a test script?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10297" CreationDate="2014-11-18T19:55:12.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I first need a helper method, I put it in the same class as the test code that calls it. In your example, you could implement the helper method as a private method inside the &lt;code&gt;Serp34Check&lt;/code&gt; class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private static void checkForFeed(xpath, feedName)&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement feedElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath));&#xA;        System.out.println(feedName + &quot; is present&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (WebDriverException ex)&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(feedName + &quot; feed is absent&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in your existing code, you can replace the equivalent code with a call:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;checkForFeed(&quot;//div[contains(@class, 'pricegrabber_cont_block')]&quot;, &quot;Pricegrabber&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you get more and more tests, you will probably find it useful eventually to move such utility methods to their own class. I will move the helper method to a new class as soon as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another test class needs to call the helper method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Several helper methods &quot;fit&quot; together in a nameable way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test class becomes bloated with helper methods that distract readers from the essence of the tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might move a helper method to a base class that is common to all of the test classes that use it. But as I write more and more helper methods, that tends to lead to bloated base classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my preference is to put helper methods into separate classes. When a test needs a helper, it creates an object from the appropriate helper class and calls it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, I will make a helper method static, so that the test code can call it directly, without creating an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="147" LastEditDate="2014-11-21T20:12:55.773" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T20:12:55.773" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10299" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-19T09:22:06.387" Score="2" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;When our web site was finished, we were tasked to test it with all devices. Some devices are not allowed, but for the ones that are I use a virtual devices site online. The problem is some sites do not give correct appearances for certain devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody suggest some good alternatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9027" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-11-19T14:45:48.337" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T12:42:51.940" Title="What is a suitable web site for multi-devices testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-19T13:01:12.300" Score="16" ViewCount="7651" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work as a manual tester on a big project. My project follows Agile methodology. I test a Web-based application. I sometimes ask myself, am I giving any value to the stakeholders?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the Real Business/Economic Value of doing software testing in any IT project. Why do clients/product owners pay testers for finding bugs? What I mean to say is that except finding bugs which even a developer can do on spending extra time, why testers are so important!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share some thoughts/material which shows real value of testing phase in an Agile project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9289" LastEditorUserId="7744" LastEditDate="2014-11-20T15:19:26.113" LastActivityDate="2020-01-06T14:10:28.397" Title="What is the Real Business Value of Software Testing in an IT Project?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10300" CreationDate="2014-11-19T13:44:45.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tester&lt;/em&gt; is just a label on an employee.  &lt;em&gt;Testing&lt;/em&gt; provides value.  It is virtually impossible to write bug-free software, and so software that has not been tested is virtually guaranteed to be buggy.  Someone needs to test it.  Who tests depends on the circumstances.  Some people are good at testing, and some are not.  You probably want the person who tests to be good at it, or at least good enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can say the same for any role in a company.  In a start-up, the development manager might also be the person in charge of keeping the laser printer stocked with toner, or for buying furniture for new employees.  The CEO might also be the accountant.  The marketing guy might also be the guy who maintains the web site.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people are more valuable in some roles than others.  The CEO might be great at keeping the bathroom clean, but that person might be more valuable to the company doing something else.  And a developer might be more valuable writing code that mostly works than finding every last bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A developer may also not be the most objective person to shake out the bugs in their code.  It is very difficult to implement something without making assumptions about how that thing will be used, and how it won't be used.  Sometimes those assumptions are wrong.  A tester -- or really, anyone who is willing to challenge assumptions -- can bring value by validating that the developer's assumptions make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T13:44:45.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10300" CreationDate="2014-11-19T13:44:56.473" Score="22" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I work as a Manual tester on a big project. My project follows Agile methodology. I test a Web-based application. I sometimes ask my self , that am i giving any value to the stakeholders?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the value that you are giving to stakeholders is the reduction in the amount of defects that go to production. &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-the-cost-of-defects-in-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The cost of fixing a defect drastically increases over time&lt;/a&gt; and severe defects found in production can even cause &lt;a href=&quot;http://pythonsweetness.tumblr.com/post/64740079543/how-to-lose-172-222-a-second-for-45-minutes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bankruptcy&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://archive.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2007/09/dayintech_0926&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;World War 3&lt;/a&gt; was almost started due to a software defect and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therac-25&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;people have died&lt;/a&gt; due to them. As you see, finding and fixing defects prior to production can be extremely critical and vital to any company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the Real Business/Economic Value of doing Software testing in any IT project. Why do clients/product owners pay testers for finding bugs? What i mean to say is that except finding bugs which even a developer can do on spending extra time, why testers are so important!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, there is several reasons here. First and foremost, &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/77146/why-to-let-not-let-developers-test-their-own-work/77157#77157&quot;&gt;developers typically have a different mindset than QA&lt;/a&gt;. Typically a developer focuses solely on how to make it work. As QA, your focus should be how to make it (not work|do what it shouldn't do|crash and burn|spit out money). This requires a different mindset and skill set completely than development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers can sometimes be extremely proud of their code, much like a father with their child. Having someone else tell you that your child has an issue that needs to be corrected is sometimes a lot easier than telling it to yourself. Plus, when you know exactly how to make everything work, you typically will go down the path of making it work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Costs benefits. The majority of the time (not always) developers make more money than QA. Due to this, it is considered to be less expensive to have QA do extensive testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers should have already tested their code rather thoroughly. Developers are typically supposed to do unit testing to ensure that their code is relatively functional. The fact that we still find defects proves that their testing skills are no where near perfect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can go on and on about why testers are important so I will just list a few:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Relationships with Business and IT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding of Projects and Systems as a whole (both functional and technical aspects)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to have multiple different mindsets working on the project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accountability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reduction of wasted time when finding issues in Requirements/Stories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please share some thoughts/material which shows real value of testing phase in a Agile project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The value is astronomical in my opinion and the better the QA, typically the better the value. A strong QA in an agile environment will not only reduce the amount of defects in production but also reduce the amount of defects coded. They will typically thoroughly review requirements, source code and plot out how the developer will make the changes, discuss with the developers their plans, ensuring that scenarios are covered prior to a line of code is written and make sure that the code is of the highest quality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer your question about your value to the company, you could easily be the absolutely most important person in the company who prevents them from going completely bankrupt. Your value is determined on what you provide to the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for giggles, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_bugs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a list of well known defects&lt;/a&gt;. I don't think any company would want to end up on a list like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T16:41:22.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10293" CreationDate="2014-11-19T14:22:19.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My only suggestion would be to get involved with forum(s) that coincide with your non-profits objective(s).  Your first post should have nothing to do with your own site.  Change your signature to an image that links to your site.  Get involved with said forum(s) and more importantly, find out if most members truly do line up with your objective(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you gain some reputation, post counts, etc. it is time to ask if anyone is interested in getting involved.  Go from there...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastActivityDate="2014-11-19T14:22:19.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10304" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-19T18:14:28.640" Score="4" ViewCount="773" Body="&lt;p&gt;Making an In-App Purchase (IAP) on iOS brings an Apple alert and puts the application into the background. If I use the Appium framework for automation, will I be able to interact with these prompts? Bonus if you could point me to an example of it. It was not immediately obvious to me that this was supported, though my understanding is that that UIAutomation framework might support this and that Appium calls into that framework. I'm in the process of evaluating frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9294" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T12:13:21.250" LastActivityDate="2020-07-14T12:13:21.250" Title="Can Appium automate the In App Purchase flow on iOS?" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10305" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-19T22:18:07.417" Score="2" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’ve just spent the last 6 months replacing a couple of old frameworks one using enterprise toolsets with a shiny new appium/webdriver framework.  Everything has gone well with good buy in from both the testers and management.  Our test runs which previously were taking 40 hours + are now far more manageable.  We are in the process of planning for the next year and determining the  milestones for the Test Engineering team.  Management has seen the value in reducing the run time of the nightly run, using open source tools and creating an easier to use framework, but they have asked me now to provide them with metrics or the value that will come from some of the tools/processes that I've seen implemented at other companies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might not be the best place to ask all of these, but I’m hoping people here might have gone through something similar.  Does anyone have any way of valuing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparison reports/run history with a combined log file from multiple&#xA;sources to enable testers/devs to faster diagnose failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running tests more regularly/on checkin rather than just nightly, or running&#xA;just the affected tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reducing flaky tests or rerunning flaky tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bots to automatically segment tests and raise defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More regular security/performance testing rather than at release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Star increases for apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code coverage stats&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dashboards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers,&#xA;James&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2943" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T17:59:46.997" Title="Quantifying the value of Automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10299" CreationDate="2014-11-20T06:57:15.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;when you need to test ur site for mobile devices, best and economic thing is user agent.&#xA;Just go to google.com, enable site emulation by right click on site and go to inspect element and go to Show Drawer (icon something like &gt;= ) then go to Emulation and then to device, now select any kind of device you want to check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T06:57:15.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10300" CreationDate="2014-11-20T14:19:26.803" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The goal of testing is to learn about a product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it can be by finding bugs, but it can also be much more than only that.&#xA;You may find that a feature is missing than a part of your users will need, that something is confusing, that your product is not usable if user have color blindness. You will discover if your product is fun or boring to use...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This requires testing skills, good knowledge of the field, a given mindset. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say you are a &quot;Manual tester&quot;. Great. &#xA;In an agile environment, it's likely there are automatic tests performed regulary. These automatic tests are important for a development team. However they do not replace &quot;real&quot; testing. You learn nothing about your product by launching automated tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a &quot;Manual tester&quot;, you can perform Explorary testing. You don't need predefined test suites, especially you don't need to know expected results of all tests you do. Something you see while testing may give you an idea about another test to perform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really recommend you &quot;The Ongoing Revolution in Software Testing&quot; article by Cem Kaner.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/TheOngoingRevolution.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/TheOngoingRevolution.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9301" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T14:19:26.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10305" CreationDate="2014-11-20T17:59:46.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yep, been through a lot of this myself.  In general, reliable automation with failures that are easy to diagnose can dramatically help increase velocity and confidence and save money.  I typically try to create automation that is part of a CI pipeline with the following 2 goals: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure I cover at least the happy path of every feature to get immediate feedback on the quality of all features rather than having to wait for a manual regression which could not uncover issues for days or weeks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cover as close to 100% of all regression tests for specific features to reduce the overall cost and time of regression testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To specifically address your points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Comparison reports/run history with a combined log file from multiple&#xA;sources to enable testers/devs to faster diagnose failures &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enabling your team to faster diagnose failures is a key to ensuring that the automation adds value.  Taking more time to diagnose failures means that you need a longer window to run tests and look through results, you can measure this in how much you pay your team members for X hours of additional investigation, as well as loss in time to market for longer feedback loops.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Running tests more regularly/on checkin rather than just nightly, or running&#xA;just the affected tests &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This directly impacts how quickly you become aware of issues, and helps you pinpoint the exact check-in that caused the problem.  You can measure this in terms of hours spent on the development team trying to determine which check-in caused a defect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reducing flaky tests or rerunning flaky tests&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-running flaky tests can actually mask intermittent issues that are defects.  I usually caution against that.  If you are talking about flaky tests that you KNOW are due to automation issues, you should fix them, not re-run them.  Taking time to address these reduces noise, builds confidence in the automated results and saves time that you would have been spending determining whether there was actually a defect in the product or not.  You can measure this in terms of hours spent investigating flaky test failures - or worse, ignoring those failures and letting a real defect slip through.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bots to automatically segment tests and raise defects &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've got mixed feelings on this one.  I like the idea of segmenting tests automatically, like by evaluating the stack trace and finding similar failures that could be due to the same root cause, but automatically raising defects can be a bit tricky to get right and I typically do not do that.  Measuring the value of segmenting tests can again be put into hours spent investigating failures.  If you have 30 failures in one night and each takes 10 minutes to determine what happened, but you can group 20 of them immediately back to 1 root cause then you just saved over 3 hours of investigation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More regular security/performance testing rather than at release &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This one seems like a no brainer.  1 single security breach can spell disaster for a company.  Up to and including a mass exodus of customers and bankruptcy.  Bad performance or memory leaks that cause the app to freeze up or crash similarly can have huge impacts.  Even if you avoid one fire-drill of pulling people into the office in the middle of the night, this one pays for itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Star increases for apps &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not sure what you mean by this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code coverage stats &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I love using code coverage stats for my automation.  More than anything, it helps show me where I should be focusing my testing and what areas are not covered.  It also helps me determine which tests are truly equivalent and cut down on the ones that are duplicates.  You can measure this in terms of reduction of defects due to covering more code paths.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dashboards&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;These are typically more useful for management, communicating status.  You can measure this in terms of less time manually communicating status to management.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T17:59:46.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10311" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T18:12:37.580" Score="0" ViewCount="401" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the pros and cons of refactoring code during the testing phase? Are there any set methods of doing this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9313" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T19:30:09.140" Title="Pros and cons of refactoring code during testing phase?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10312" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T18:16:04.617" Score="2" ViewCount="437" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to test driven development. What are some recommendations when writing test cases as well as to avoiding common mistakes for TDD?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9314" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:55:39.633" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:55:39.633" Title="What are some common pitfalls of Test Driven Development?" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T18:28:23.330" Score="0" ViewCount="298" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question was more a general question about the purpose of test-driven development, or its intended usefulness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that test-driven development is a style of development where you write tests before you write code. I can see how this would help structure a person's thoughts with regards to what they need to code. The question is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the purpose of test-driven development purely focused on improving the quality of code, or is it more about spending time up front with the intention of saving time in the long run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9308" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T21:12:31.600" Title="Test-driven development- Time vs Quality" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10313" CreationDate="2014-11-20T19:05:25.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a short answer: it is about both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will certainly have developers more conscious/accountable for their code if at the unit level it is marked pass/fail.  Also, just like you said, &lt;strong&gt;test early&lt;/strong&gt;, it will save you time later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PROD defects are much much more costly than defects found earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T19:05:25.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10312" CreationDate="2014-11-20T19:10:51.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In TDD you write the minimum amount of code to pass the test case.  That test case, of course, should only be testing at a unit level.  You want to test &lt;strong&gt;individual&lt;/strong&gt; pieces, so you write test cases to cover limited functionality(mainly 1 feature).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your test cases will end up acting as documentation for your system and low-level regression testing.  TDD is great because any future code changes &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; (not will) alert you to bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the hardest things to explain is that TDD does not replace your testing.  It is simply a development process to build testing right into the software.  Test Early, Test Often. :D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T19:10:51.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10316" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10335" CreationDate="2014-11-20T20:02:14.437" Score="1" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am fairly new to TDD and database development. If I wanted to use test driven development when I am trying to create a database schema how would I do that? What are the common tools and processes used in order to do so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9315" LastActivityDate="2021-03-08T08:43:01.567" Title="Using TDD when developing a database schema?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T20:14:56.183" Score="0" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;So i'm looking into databases and I want to use Redis, but I would like to know how I would go about writing tests for a database such as this before starting with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9316" LastActivityDate="2015-03-21T02:26:37.707" Title="How would I write a test for a database system such as Redis?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10318" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T20:29:12.933" Score="3" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;On one hand, it may take a while (or a long time) to create and run tests with TDD. The worst case scenario is when the test cases fail and the entire program fails. Refactoring may take longer than expected, and there isn't much time when it comes to a two-week sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, I heard smaller groups benefit from TDD. It is easier to develop test cases. Refactoring can be simpler too. Well, TDD is beneficial because a 100% working, bug-free program is what we, developers, ultimately desire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose a small project is reasonable enough to complete in time during a two-week sprint. Is it ideal or practical to use TDD when it comes to small groups and projects? Or should the small group adhere to Agile development?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9312" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T17:02:37.583" Title="TDD in a two-week sprint? Practical?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10353" CreationDate="2014-11-20T20:31:19.173" Score="2" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way TDD has been described to me makes it sound like TDD is only really useful with unit testing. Does TDD mean all types of testing, such as Acceptance testing, and functional tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9318" LastActivityDate="2021-03-31T11:03:02.417" Title="Is TDD used with all types of testing?" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10320" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T20:31:20.750" Score="1" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to software development and I am writing some functions that send data to and ask for data from a server. If I wanted to use test driven development when writing these functions, what would be the best way to go about doing it? The entire point of the function is sending data to/requesting data from the server, so obviously I should be testing to make sure the server is receiving the requests correctly and that the client is receiving data correctly. Should I attempt to get code implemented both client-side and server-side, to test the function output? With TDD already being a very time consuming way of developing software, having to implement code on both the client and server for every new test seems excessively time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9319" LastActivityDate="2015-02-21T20:27:26.217" Title="TDD and client-server interactions" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10313" CreationDate="2014-11-20T20:47:39.080" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Driven Development&lt;/a&gt;, aka TDD, as a process of writing your unit tests prior to your development. This helps the developer in several ways, the biggest advantage is, in my opinion, the developer's mindset when starting the task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Non TDD&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, your developer is starting out on a new task. They get their requirements, writes their code and then their unit tests. While writing his test they notice they missed a scenario in the code and has to refactor the code. After a couple hours of refactoring code that they already spent a couple of hours to write, they feel like they are in a position to run the tests again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a couple of hours of refactoring to make it pass the unit testing, the code is finally complete. The code is sent to QA and defects are found. The code is fixed, unit tests are added into the code and code is sent to QA. These steps are repeated until the code is considered acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;TDD&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers gets their requirements. The developers discusses with QA (hopefully) the planned unit testing. The unit tests are written and reviewed. The developer builds the code in order to be passed by the unit tests. The developer continues to build and refactor code until all unit tests are passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is sent to QA, QA finds defects and defects are resolved. The developer writes further unit tests for the defects that are found and once the code passes all unit tests it goes back to QA. This process repeats until the code is considered acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The Benefits&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary benefit is, hopefully, the reduction in amount of code written and refactoring. The focus of the developers at the beginning of the project is what is the ultimate goal of this code instead of where do I start to write this code. This ensures that the requirements are clear, there is little doubt in the developer's mind as to what is supposed to happen and less gathering of requirements while in the middle of development, causing more and more wasted time for the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it lead to better quality code?&#xA;Yes and no. It will usually give better quality code on the first release to QA. This typically will lead to overall better code as defect fixes are typically hastily written and will a lot of times cause other issues. No in the sense that it might still lead to poor quality code if the developer's requirements were vague to begin with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main benefit, in my opinion, is extremely thorough unit testing. This will lead to much cleaner code in the long term when someone else comes in to refactor the original developer's code because there is a change. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does it pertain to QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expect nothing better than normal development. Don't rely on their unit testing and make sure that you do your job as thorough as possible. However, do attempt to discuss the developer's testing methods with them before they write a line of code. This will hopefully ensure that they cover more scenarios with their unit testing and (hopefully) give you a better product to start testing with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T20:47:39.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10323" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T21:10:40.863" Score="0" ViewCount="156" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes to the TDD cycle, how far through the testing should refactoring the code take place (incremental after each test or at the end)? And how would this affect the TDD cycle and the time depending on whether or not I refactor often?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9317" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:09:15.900" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:09:15.900" Title="Refactoring code in TDD cycle and the appropriate time to do so?" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10324" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T21:43:13.060" Score="7" ViewCount="804" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reviewing the information in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mongodb.org/about/contributors/tutorial/write-tests-for-server-code/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MongoDB documentation&lt;/a&gt; regarding test design which is a good 'how' of implementing a test, but I am curious if anyone has any feedback or know of additional resources that elaborate on a cohesive strategy or template for how to pursue TDD when developing with one of these databases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a school project I want to adequately test a mongdb that is populated with a collection of entries like the following from a webapp:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;_id&quot; : 1234,&#xA;  &quot;name&quot; : &quot;John&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;coordinates&quot; : [90.1,30.0],&#xA;  &quot;text&quot; : &quot;A complete sentence would go here.&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right off the top I am seeing that generally what I want to do is have a mock database I can populate with test data for testing database operations (the webapp will add new entries and search for existing entries that match search criteria, I am not anticipating it to modify existing entries). However, lacking much experience with test driven development/mongo databases, I am curious to know if there are gaps in my strategy. For example, in addition to testing for correct execution of operations and assertions for validity of inputs, are there other unit tests I should formulate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9321" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T17:37:05.070" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T17:25:53.223" Title="Test design for MongoDB" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10325" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T22:14:25.483" Score="1" ViewCount="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;So what are some current methodologies or even automated test software that I could use to refactor current code to be more test-driven?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9309" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:55:51.773" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:55:51.773" Title="What methods or resources could I use to refactor current programs to use test-driven development?" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10326" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T22:51:40.050" Score="1" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am aware that there are many advantages of test driven software development. However, I'm wondering if there are situations in which test driven development is not appropriate or just downright not feasible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9322" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:54:11.330" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:54:11.330" Title="Test driven development appropriateness" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10327" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T23:04:39.857" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm extracting a new class, should I create new tests for it?  I'm wondering as to how to realize when to create new test and how to implement them when they are needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9324" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T06:57:53.490" Title="Test Driven Development" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10325" CreationDate="2014-11-20T23:05:41.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really doesn't work that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test-&lt;em&gt;Driven&lt;/em&gt; really means that the tests come before the code.  So if you already have the code, it's too late to test-drive it.  What you can do, on a project which did not initially use TDD, is to start using it.  So before you write any new code, you write the test first.  Gradually that will add coverage to your existing code base; it will probably encourage you to refactor some of your old code, too, as you discover just how hard it is to write tests for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="724" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T23:05:41.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10329" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-20T23:10:45.907" Score="1" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I was to inherit a large codebase, how would I start refactor the application using TDD?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application has layers of authentication(financial banking company), and frankly, not knowing where to start is a big issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess follow up is, is it worth the time and effort to start using TDD if the code is not &quot;testable&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9323" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T23:23:23.520" Title="How to dissect a large legacy codebase and start using TDD" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10319" CreationDate="2014-11-20T23:20:38.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For functional/acceptance testing you need working application, so TDD is much better match for unit testing. But you can &lt;strong&gt;plan&lt;/strong&gt; for functional/acceptance testing, and those test plans may influence your design decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T23:20:38.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10329" CreationDate="2014-11-20T23:23:23.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This book is exactly what you need: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; by Michael Feathers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That book goes directly to both of your questions: How to start refactoring a legacy codebase, and how to approach TDD when the code is not yet testable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Underlying both of those questions is another that the book answers: How to get a legacy codebase under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T23:23:23.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10318" CreationDate="2014-11-20T23:27:06.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started TDD on such a small project, so certainly it IS possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Limiting factor is not length of a project but how much &quot;plumbing&quot; you need to develop to get your tests going. But if you make decision to use unit tests, you cannot save time by not writing the test - so you may as well to start by writing (failing) unit tests. You will be surprised how your API design will be influenced by need to test it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even better if you can use similar 'plumbing&quot; for multiple projects, so you can reuse the plumbing. You always need to customize it a bit to your environment, set it up etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T23:27:06.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10317" CreationDate="2014-11-20T23:29:58.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You start by determining what functionality you expect from it (saving value, retrieve it later, etc) and writing tests for it. It is not different that would be writing tests for any other API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T23:29:58.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10316" CreationDate="2014-11-20T23:33:02.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TDD is for testing application. DB schema is not an application and you cannot test it per se. You can test application which uses that schema. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests will help you determine if your application is still working correctly after refactoring, which may include any changes in the schema (or any other changes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-11-20T23:33:02.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10336" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-21T00:03:26.557" Score="2" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Re-factoring code seems to be the more time consuming area of TDD, is there a way of knowing if you have spent too much time doing so? Or maybe a way of limiting the amount of re-factoring that must be done in order to continue testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9326" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T23:42:12.977" Title="TDD and Refactoring" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10337" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-21T00:30:52.020" Score="4" ViewCount="1795" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today one of my peers gave a presentation on test driven development, he mentioned several advantages of TDD and it seems to be an effective practice. However, I was wondering what some of the disadvantages are and in what cases might it not be wise to use TDD? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9327" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T05:50:23.513" Title="What are the disadvantages of test driven development?" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10338" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-21T01:15:26.837" Score="3" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am beginning development on a legacy codebase and adding new functionality.  The legacy codebase has no tests defined at all, and I dont have full control over it.  I want to use TDD to help ensure the code I write doesnt break anything, but I can't afford to spend the next 2 months designing tests for the legacy codebase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I just focus on TDD for the new code, or is there a middle-ground approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9329" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T01:45:15.063" Title="Challenges of begining test driven development with legacy codebase" Tags="&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-11-25T23:47:56.440" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10338" CreationDate="2014-11-21T01:45:15.063" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This book is exactly what you need: &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; by Michael Feathers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael offers several approaches to TDDing legacy code. One of those is: Before you add a new feature, write tests in the area that you will change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach gives a number of benefits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing the tests will give you a certain amount of confidence that you're not breaking anything (at least, in the area of the tests).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focusing only on the area that you will change helps to limit the amount of time you spend writing tests for legacy code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Over time, you end up with more and more tests in exactly those areas of the code that change the most. That's a big win.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In order to get the nearby code under test, you likely have to make it more testable. This sounds like a disadvantage--&lt;em&gt;more work! gaah!&lt;/em&gt;--but you end up with code that is more testable, and therefore more changeable. Another big win.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the book for more ideas. I give it my highest recommendation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T01:45:15.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10273" CreationDate="2014-11-21T03:57:10.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to make a suggestion for one of your questions regarding monitoring servers and services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of open source tools out there that aid in server monitoring (&lt;a href=&quot;http://ganglia.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ganglia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nagios.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nagios&lt;/a&gt; are a few examples). Personally, I have used Ganglia and it has drastically reduced the amount of time I spend in monitoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the fault reporting part, I have created a suite of scripts to run as cron jobs and alert me in the event of failures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, automation should give you some relief from mundane monitoring tasks. HTH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9332" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T03:57:10.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10342" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-21T06:20:21.087" Score="25" ViewCount="476542" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please help me how to use contains in my xpath? My xpath changes all the time when users are added, so I can't find element using xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my xpath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='contentText']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[9]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/strong[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Changes when new user added: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='contentText']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[10]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/strong[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me how to get it done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9333" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2019-11-14T10:08:45.950" LastActivityDate="2019-11-14T13:32:07.620" Title="How to find element using contains in xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="17" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10337" CreationDate="2014-11-21T07:17:35.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For one it may be that the software will be developed to comply with the predefined tests only...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Addendum:&#xA;According to the comment by Dale below, I believe what I've written is correct. A set may not necessarily have more than one entity. And as per the comment, you write one test and then some piece of code/software to pass that test. This implies that a test is defined prior to development and then code is written to pass that test. So even if you write one test at a time or a group of tests and then write code to pass it, is it really the right way? OR should you be thinking and defining tests to see if the software meets the quality standards as defined by the people who matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T04:47:04.190" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T04:47:04.190" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7387" CreationDate="2014-11-21T15:29:00.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No there is not with CodedUI/TFS but we have found a way! Using Sikuli (open source) , there is a library compatible with .NET we integrated that to our project and it's working perfectly so far!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9342" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T15:29:00.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10337" CreationDate="2014-11-21T17:46:22.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should teach developers to write tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test writing is time consuming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's complicated to judge test completeness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD may not work due to project workflow and features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD doesn't give you confidence that the code works&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should rewrite tests too after changing some API, for example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T17:46:22.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10349" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10355" CreationDate="2014-11-21T18:51:21.553" Score="16" ViewCount="13510" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am attempting to run a simple Web Performance Test that I recorded in Visual Studio 2013 Ultimate.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P8Mu2.png&quot; alt=&quot;Run Load Test&amp;#39; icon&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I click the 'Run Load Test' icon inside of VS, only to be greeted with the following error details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An unexpected error occurred. Please close this page and re-open it using Load Test Manager, available in the Load Test menu.&#xA;  Failed to queue test run [test name] The active test settings is configured to run test using Visual Studio Online. Connect to a Visual Studio Online account using Team Explorer and try again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then click on Load Test &gt; Load Test Manager, only to receive another error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The action you are trying to perform requires a connection to Visual Studio Online. Connect to a Visual Studio Online account using Team Explorer and try again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thing is, I just want to run my test on the local network; I don't want to use cloud-based testing right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I doing wrong? Where can I change my active test settings &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; to use Visual Studio Online?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9330" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T04:32:06.600" Title="Why is Visual Studio 2013 not willing to run my Web Performance / Load Test?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10337" CreationDate="2014-11-21T20:20:50.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The one situation where I've found TDD unworkable: If other people are changing the same code without using TDD, or without at least keeping the existing tests current as they change the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could count that as a disadvantage: You can't effectively adopt it by yourself if you're working with others on the same codebase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T20:20:50.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10351" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-21T21:32:47.613" Score="1" ViewCount="603" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have integrated Testlink with JIRA. There are two bug management icons displaying one for creating issue and one to link an existing issue. Linking existing issue is working fine. But, Create Issue is not working as expected. When I click on &quot;Create Issue&quot; icon in the test link, I am getting this error. Does anyone have an idea how to solve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Create JIRA Ticket FAILURE =&amp;gt; &#xA;com.atlassian.jira.rpc.exception.RemoteValidationException: Custom field ID 'minor' is invalid. &#xA;- serialized issue:a:6:{s:7:&quot;project&quot;;&#xA;    s:2:&quot;TP&quot;;&#xA;    s:4:&quot;type&quot;;&#xA;    i:1;&#xA;    s:7:&quot;summary&quot;;&#xA;    s:92:&quot;/Test Project/Test Suite 1/TC-1:Test Case 1 - Executed ON (ISO FORMAT): 2014-11-21 21:52:20&quot;;&#xA;    s:11:&quot;description&quot;;&#xA;    s:177:&quot;Execution ID: 22 Tester: admin Test Plan: Test Plan 1 Platform: FireFox Build: Build 1 Executed ON (ISO FORMAT): 2014-11-21 21:52:20 Execution Status: failed fsfsf&quot;;&#xA;    s:17:&quot;customFieldValues&quot;;&#xA;    a:1:{i:0;&#xA;       a:2:{s:13:&quot;customfieldId&quot;;&#xA;           s:5:&quot;minor&quot;;&#xA;           s:6:&quot;values&quot;;&#xA;           a:1:{i:0;s:7:&quot;testing&quot;;}&#xA;           }&#xA;       }&#xA;    s:9:&quot;issuetype&quot;;&#xA;    i:1;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9344" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:18:54.013" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:18:54.013" Title="Create Issue error - TestLink Integration with JIRA" Tags="&lt;jira&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-21T22:19:51.437" Score="1" ViewCount="2492" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the stepping and ultimate thread group, there is an option that says &quot;hold load for&quot;. What does this mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've read, it seems to repeat the thread in a loop within the set amount of time? What if I set it to 0 seconds? Does that mean a thread won't execute each of its http requests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want it to hold, but I do need the features of stepping thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9346" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-27T11:37:50.377" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T13:39:24.460" Title="What does &quot;hold load for&quot; mean in jmeter, and how do I disable it?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10319" CreationDate="2014-11-21T23:50:56.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TDD focuses on very small pieces of code. Classes or methods or (in some cases) very small groups of tightly collaborating objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are test-driven techniques that focuses on a larger scope. Two of these are Acceptance Test Driven Development (ATDD) and Behavior Driven Development (BDD). To my eye, these approaches are similar in intent, though BDD tends to give more emphasis on a particular style of test automation (namely the Given/When/Then style).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is common between ATDD and BDD is that they start with examples of the whole system's functionality. These examples usually constitute a large subset of the acceptance tests for the system. In contrast, the tests in TDD focus on the functionality of tiny parts of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly I've seen TDD, ATDD, and BDD focusing on functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I myself would not rely solely on automated tests, though there are people who advocate that. I prefer to combine automated tests with exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not seen these approaches used for performance testing or security testing, though I suspect some aspects of performance and security testing can be automated. Those are domains where I would want experts to do the testing with their brains fully engaged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-11-21T23:50:56.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10312" CreationDate="2014-11-22T00:07:28.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make each test very small and focused.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid making tests depend on each other, either explicitly or implicitly. Dependencies among tests are a path to pain, expense, fragility, and complication. I have never seen an exception to this. Ever.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make each test express its &lt;em&gt;intent&lt;/em&gt; very clearly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pay attention to failure messages. Make each failure message as helpful for diagnosis as you can.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Involve as little of the system as you possibly can in each test. The more parts of the system you involve in a test, the more ways it can fail, even if the functionality that the test really cares about is working.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not skimp on the refactoring. It is the refactoring that will keep your code (including the tests) easy to understand and change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As you write code to pass the tests, consider cheating as hard as you can. Do the stupidest (or easiest) thing you can do that will pass the tests. Later, in order to make the code less stupid, you first demonstrate its stupidity by writing a test that the stupid code can't pass.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T00:07:28.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10349" CreationDate="2014-11-22T01:40:28.927" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.visualstudio.com/get-started/load-test-your-app-vs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Studio: Load testing in the cloud&lt;/a&gt;, here are the steps to switch the test from using Visual Studio Online to running locally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simply open your existing project using Visual Studio 2013 first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Within the Solution Explorer, expand the 'Solution Items' folder, then open Local.testsettings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit the test settings file to configure your project to run your tests on the local computer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Lyfio.png&quot; alt=&quot;Choose to run your load tests locally&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9330" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T01:40:28.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10349" CreationDate="2014-11-22T11:08:31.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can have more than one &quot;.testsettings&quot; file. On a recent project we used three&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Local.testsettings - for test development and low load tests driven entirely from one computer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agent.testsettings - for testing with a controller plus two agents, for bigger loads.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cloud.testsettings - for running tests on Visual Studio Online.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To switch between the three files use the context (right click) menu in solution explorer and &quot;tick&quot; the &quot;Active load and web test settings&quot; entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T11:08:31.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10342" CreationDate="2014-11-22T11:49:34.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be splitting the xpath to fetch individual tables for clarity sake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Get the content or container    &#xA;WebElement content = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;contentText&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;//Get the table of users&#xA;WebElement tblUsers = content.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;// Get the rows which change always as and when users are added&#xA;WebElement allUsers = tblUsers.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//tbody/tr&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;// Loop through each row of users table&#xA;for(WebElement user : allUsers) {&#xA;&#xA;   // Get the username&#xA;   WebElement username = user.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/strong[2]&quot;));&#xA;   System.out.println(&quot;Username: &quot; + username.getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2014-11-22T11:49:34.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10359" CreationDate="2014-11-22T18:25:16.127" Score="4" ViewCount="3746" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on root causes of defects, and I'm end up with following list, which is generally accepted. Even the list is everywhere on the internet, there's no details about the items. Any expertise or reference about the following items are welcome. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incomplete or erroneous specification (IES)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Misinterpretation of customer communication (MCC)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intentional deviation from specifications (IDS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Violations of programming standards (VPS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error in data representations (EDR)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inconsistent component interface (ICI)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error in design logic (EDL)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incomplete or erroneous testing (IET)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inaccurate or inconsistent documentation (IID)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error in programming language translation of design (PLT)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ambiguous or inconsistent human/computer interface (HCI)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Miscellaneous (MIS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4576" LastActivityDate="2014-11-23T09:50:57.953" Title="Details about root causes of bugs" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2014-11-25T23:31:50.287" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10358" CreationDate="2014-11-23T09:50:57.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some time ago, Gregory Pope published even a &lt;a href=&quot;http://silverbuckshot.net/Problem%20List&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;longer list of root causes of bugs&lt;/a&gt; together with an extensive list of techniques to either detect or prevent those problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the material has been presented during ALM 2011 Keynote and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhbLV16z4KE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;recorded&lt;/a&gt;, together with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/sites/default/files/presentation/file/2013/11ADPER_TK3.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;slides&lt;/a&gt;, if you have less time, but I really recommend listening to the recorded presentation because it has lots of real life examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2014-11-23T09:50:57.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9747" CreationDate="2014-11-24T00:40:05.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me, the baseline is always a comparison to some other system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other system need not be software. It might be implemented by, say, people wielding pencils and paper forms. If that exists, you can measure its response time, availability, reliability, error rate, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other system need not exist. I can always posit an imaginary people/pencils/paper system and (at some risk, given the increased challenge of measuring an imaginary system) use that as a baseline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-11-24T00:40:05.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10327" CreationDate="2014-11-24T10:00:57.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every class with implementation has its own responsibility and behavior. So it is good to implement test that represent the class's behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastActivityDate="2014-11-24T10:00:57.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10278" CreationDate="2014-11-24T10:27:19.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;there will be 2 reasons :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maybe it is trying to click the button before page loads completely in this case you should use wait() &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maybe that button is located in iFrame in this case u need to move to iFrame and then click on button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-12-24T10:53:52.050" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T10:53:52.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5593" CreationDate="2014-11-24T10:34:53.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I suggest using techniques to reduce heap size at compile-time or runtime in order to force this situation to reproduce on smaller scale testing? I used to do this many years ago on an embedded platform with a lot of success, although lately it's not that easy to do without special work if you are using Windows platform. Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9354" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-11-24T16:03:58.630" LastActivityDate="2014-11-24T16:03:58.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10368" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-24T11:36:12.627" Score="3" ViewCount="15122" Body="&lt;p&gt;My problem is being unable to enter text in login and password fields in certain page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know how to be able to enter text in this situation. I have been able to automate entering text in other pages, so my problem is specific to this certain page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Background: Using RobotFramework with Selenium2Library to automate tests. The webpage under test is javascript heavy - implemented with GWT using SmartGWT framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm doing and getting: &#xA;I've played with locator a bit, and for the shown example I opened developer tools for chrome, located the field with element inspector and copied it's XPath. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML of SUT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;TEXT&quot; name=&quot;username&quot; id=&quot;isc_T&quot; handlenativeevents=&quot;false&quot; $89=&quot;isc_TextItem_1&quot; $9a=&quot;$9b&quot; spellcheck=&quot;true&quot; oninput=&quot;isc_TextItem_1.$43g()&quot; onselect=&quot;isc_TextItem_1.$1162()&quot; autocomplete=&quot;OFF&quot; class=&quot;textItem&quot; style=&quot;WIDTH:106px;HEIGHT:12px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;1545&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Line in Robotframework: &lt;code&gt;Input Text    //*[@id=&quot;isc_T&quot;]    ${usernam}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error message in Robotframework: &lt;code&gt;WebDriverException: Message: Element must be user-editable in order to clear it.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that the ID:s might change when using GWT, but now I'm testing one version and I'm pretty positive that locator found the right object, but for some reason can not enter the text. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T13:28:15.787" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T14:50:48.003" Title="How to edit field in Robotframework using Selenium2library" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10327" CreationDate="2014-11-24T15:54:43.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.  Though to help make it easier on yourself, if you have a group of classes that have a set of behaviors that are the same, you can write tests that are applicable to the whole group...and then for each individual class you only need to write new tests for the unique behaviors (just copy the common ones).  This method also helps keep consistency which can help improve quality in-and-of-itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9234" LastActivityDate="2014-11-24T15:54:43.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9747" CreationDate="2014-11-24T16:52:28.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;we have to present metrics, indicators for reliability, usability, performance and maintainability.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reliability is the ability to get the same result over and over.  To get a reliability metric, perhaps your project knows the expected results of the application being tested, and then records the actual result from running that same scenario X number of times.  Then it can tell you &quot;the expected result matched the actual result Y times out of X runs&quot;, and the context for each run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance is usually thought of in the case of online applications when used by many users...but it can also be thought of simply in terms of system resources being used at different times.  If you go to the Task Manager there is a tab for performance which gives you CPU usage information, and the Processes tab gives you memory usage information per process.  If there's a way for your project to capture that information at certain times both while the application is running and while it is not running (so you have a comparison), then you have performance metrics.  Response time is also a performance metric - try measuring how long it takes from the time the user does something to the time that action is actually completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maintainability as far as I know is just a measure of how quickly/easily a programmer can make a change to the application.  The only way I can think of as to how to get maintainability metrics in your project would be to have a way for you to log what you do and how long it takes for you to do it, so that information can be reported on later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usability is kind of broad and may depend on what you have access to.  It might include availability, which would be a measure of the extent to which the application is up and running (if it crashes or simply is not accessible that affects the availability metric and you'll want to have a log of how much time it is unavailable for).  And/or your teacher may be looking for some internal metrics...For example maybe Cyclomatic and/or Structural Complexity.  You could make your project &quot;crawl&quot; through the application's code to determine the depth and width and number of paths for each control or function point.  On the other hand, if you do not have access to the code for the application being tested then do you at least have usability requirements? - It may just be a matter of logging how many (and which) usability requirements are actually met.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There can, of course, be a lot more to each of these topics, but I hope that provides an overview that helps know how to apply these to your project.  Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9234" LastActivityDate="2014-11-24T16:52:28.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10371" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-24T18:49:12.280" Score="1" ViewCount="384" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to figure out how to provide an easy-to-manage requirements-to-code (and vice-versa) traceability to some projects which use SCRUM and JIRA. The projects use unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm splitting the traceability like this:&#xA; 1. User Stories-to-Unit Tests&#xA; 2. Unit Tests-to-Code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Unit Tests-to-Code&quot; I've figured it out that using name and code convention in the tests helps developers identify which piece of code goes to which tests, and vice-versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm struggling with &quot;User Stories to Unit Tests.&quot; What I've thought of doing is that each unit test has a tag(in the test code) with the ID of the user story for which the code was developed. Issues that are derived from the first issue, are linked to that user story. Whatever unit tests that are made by the derived issues, they will have a tag with the ID of the issue of the user story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this seems like a poor man's approach, since you have to explicitly use tags in tests to identify them. What other manageable forms of traceability are there for a SCRUM environment which uses a bug tracking system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7253" LastEditorUserId="7253" LastEditDate="2014-11-24T19:07:34.890" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T20:43:53.997" Title="Requirement-to-code traceability in Agile/Scrum development?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;jira&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10326" CreationDate="2014-11-24T22:46:11.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thought TDD would be impractical / not feasible for me in general because I am working with a 16bit uC. There is no open source test harness that directly compiles in my build environment and the proprietary solutions are pricey. The rest of my answer will be W.R.T. TDD in embedded C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working through James Grenning's book and he uses cpputest and cunit for his examples. The trouble with either of these is that I would need to maintain two separate build environments - GCC+Cygwin, and then my normal build environment. My other option would be substantial reworking on a C++ test harness to make it compile in my build environment which only supports a limited subset of C++. That isn't something that would scale up very well for my team of developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://eradman.com/posts/tdd-in-c.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;But then I discovered how downright easy it is to just make my own lightweight unit test harness and embed it in in my projects&lt;/a&gt;, and away we go! I was able to make my own test harness in a couple of days that supports testing assertions by redefining the assert macro, allows me to test functions declared static, and even allows for dynamic function stubbing. My IDE can give me an idea of what my code coverage is when I run the code in a simulator so I can gauge in the simulator whether or not my bases are covered and then rerun the same tests again on the target later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for my application, TDD IS feasible for most of the application. However, I don't think it makes a lot sense for an INIT function where the flow of the code is completely linear, e.g. just writing constants to registers to setup your cpu clocks, uart baud rates, etc. Instrumenting a test to see if the value was written to the correct location is fruitless labor. That functionality is much easier checked on the target during integration testing. You'll know pretty quickly that your baud rate register isn't setup correctly when all of the data you're getting is garbage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this touches on some other techniques such as design by contract. You can put in asserts to assert that the UART buffer will never overflow or there is never a framing error. That will tell you quickly if there is a configuration problem or not when you are testing your code on the target, and it is of more valuable then knowing &quot;I wrote this number to a spot and read back what I expected from some other spot&quot;. You'll actually be verifying your configuration's correctness, rather than whether or not you were able to write something to a memory address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9210" LastEditorUserId="9210" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T23:59:19.253" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T23:59:19.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10373" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11928" CreationDate="2014-11-25T01:03:47.740" Score="1" ViewCount="2832" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried to get the Graphs using jp@gc - Graphs Generator Listener&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have specified the following steps for jp@gc - Graphs Generator Listener&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output Folder : C:\JMETER\Company-Setup-JMX\TEST_RESULTS&#xA;JMeter Results File: C:\JMETER\Company-Setup-JMX\TEST_RESULTS\Results1.csv&#xA;File Prefix : PERF_&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i looked at the TEST_RESULTS  folder, png files are created such as PERF_TimesVsThreads.png ; PERF_LatenciesOverTime.png so on..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I open the png file it's empty says &quot;Waiting For Samples&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please advise !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Raj&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9258" LastActivityDate="2017-10-01T05:30:40.643" Title="How do I get full Report including all the Graphs unlike Performance Center/Load Runner in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10374" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-25T04:04:53.373" Score="-2" ViewCount="821" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have defined 100 users in a thread group with a ramp up time of 1 sec. Now, I want to distribute those 100 users among different requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say, I have 2 HTTP request samplers. I want 50 users to carry out sampler1 (first HTTP request) and another 50 users to carry out sampler2 (second HTTP request). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I do it using JMeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9357" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-10-01T04:35:19.523" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T04:37:34.217" Title="How do I distribute threads among different samples?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10375" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-25T04:18:31.790" Score="3" ViewCount="48647" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have defined a few samplers in JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to trigger all those samplers at same time.&#xA;Example: Say, I have 5 users and 5 samplers. I want each sampler is triggered at same time by each of user. This is the scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I simulate this scenario using Jmeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9357" LastEditorUserId="12416" LastEditDate="2018-03-02T18:13:15.730" LastActivityDate="2019-09-29T10:30:53.880" Title="JMeter: how to trigger all multiple requests at same time" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10342" CreationDate="2014-11-25T04:32:14.857" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We can use something like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//td[contains(text(),'youruser')]&quot;) //here user text is case sensitive&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//td[contains(lower-case(text()),'youruser')]&quot;) //to handle case sensitivity. Here user is not case sensitive&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9357" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2014-11-25T23:32:23.613" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T23:32:23.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10375" CreationDate="2014-11-25T07:16:35.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to execute the same sampler simultaneously for a few users you have to put sampler into &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Synchronizing_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T07:16:35.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10378" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-25T07:36:45.007" Score="0" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;how to click the post button for the following ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;k-button&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; style=&quot;width:90px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px&quot; onclick=&quot;Post();&quot; value=&quot;Post&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9359" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-25T13:38:51.757" LastActivityDate="2015-04-25T13:38:51.757" Title="how to click the post button for the following?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10378" CreationDate="2014-11-25T08:08:33.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have the following options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.className=&quot;k-button&quot;).click(); // Do not work if you have several HTML elements with the k-button CSS class on the same page&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@onclick='Post();']&quot;)).click; //Do not work if you have several HTML elements with this onlick action on the same page&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@value='Post']&quot;)).click; // Do not work if you have a multy language web app&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I do not know the complete HTML code, so I cannot say if this unique locators are. If not, XPath and the &lt;code&gt;and&lt;/code&gt; operator or the index of the found elements should help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/xpath_syntax.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Syntax&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/xpath_operators.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Operators&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T08:08:33.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10266" CreationDate="2014-11-25T10:00:53.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Back end testing is as important as front end testing. We had performed database testing with TestingWhiz tool. Please take a look at this webinar video that we conducted on automated database testing - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testing-whiz.com/webinar/automated-database-testing-for-web-apps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Webinar Video&lt;/a&gt;. You can also learn more on database testing with the articles in learn more section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T10:00:53.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8013" CreationDate="2014-11-25T10:46:38.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;dzieciou is right, generating usefully broken XML cases you need to separate feeding in plain oldbroken XML and XML which breaks your schema (the application.) The latter is probably the most useful, because it is hardest to guard against, and a test program that generates valid xml using all the known elements and attributes your application recognizes by randomizing their ordering, their parent/child and so on will probably generate plenty of test-data. I have found SAX or parsing-based apps break if you change the order that nodes appear in the file for example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So having some knowledge of the approach the application under test uses is going to save you some time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9354" LastActivityDate="2014-11-25T10:46:38.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-25T17:23:40.677" Score="4" ViewCount="4800" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a java senior software developer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I would like to switch my career from programming to testing. Usually I do manual testing in our projects.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have java exp so I can easily learn selenium tool right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How hard it will be to switch the career? &lt;br&gt;&#xA;What concepts should I focus more on manual testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a women I have to manage my job and family as well with less pressure on work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9366" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditDate="2020-01-26T04:20:36.767" LastActivityDate="2020-01-26T04:20:36.767" Title="I would like to switch from software development to testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-25T21:19:45.633" Score="0" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using StringUtils from the apache commons library to check the # of matches of a substring within the source code of an html page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have converted the page source using the webdriver command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String pageSource = driver.getPageSource();    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code I am using to find # of matches is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int cloudfCount = StringUtils.countMatches(pageSource, &quot;cloudfront&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;There are &quot; + cloudfCount + &quot; instances of cloudf text found within the page source.&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I right-click within the page, view source, then ctrl-f to &quot;find&quot; cloudfront, I get 2 matches. Which is what I am expecting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I use the above code in an automated Selenium script, I am getting 5 results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts/ideas on where I'm going wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could it somehow be related to the fact that the &quot;cloudfront&quot; text is part of 2 javascript tags within the page source? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9284" LastActivityDate="2015-06-17T03:30:46.653" Title="Why would StringUtils return the incorrect # of matches of a substring?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10387" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10394" CreationDate="2014-11-25T21:33:28.957" Score="1" ViewCount="1530" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ran my JMeter script for 2 Users through the command prompt. The script ran successfully , but how can I view the SummaryReport?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was the output I saw:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Press any key to continue . . .&#xA;C:\Users\rp091176&amp;gt;C:\JMETER\apache-jmeter-2.11\bin\jmeter.bat -n -t C:\JMETER\J_Scripts\PERF_SOA_CompanySetup_NBCU.jmx&#xA;Creating summariser &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;Created the tree successfully using C:\JMETER\J_Scripts\PERF_SOA_CompanySetup_NBCU.jmx&#xA;Starting the test @ Tue Nov 25 13:22:33 PST 2014 (1416950553909)&#xA;Waiting for possible shutdown message on port 4445&#xA;summary +      1 in   0.1s =   11.9/s Avg:    84 Min:    84 Max:    84 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 1 Started: 1 Finished: 0&#xA;summary +      5 in     1s =    6.6/s Avg:   147 Min:    23 Max:   319 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 0 Started: 2 Finished: 2&#xA;summary =      6 in     1s =    6.9/s Avg:   136 Min:    23 Max:   319 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;Tidying up ...    @ Tue Nov 25 13:22:35 PST 2014 (1416950555205)&#xA;... end of run&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9258" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2014-11-26T13:56:57.153" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T11:53:20.357" Title="How do I view the SummaryReport after running JMeter script via command prompt?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-26T06:32:52.257" Score="0" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do we take input from an excel sheet(data-driven testing) for web app testing after recording a script? making it dynamic is the main issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user9367" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T12:05:28.083" Title="TestComplete ; Automation Testing; Dynamic programming" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10385" CreationDate="2014-11-26T09:10:38.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can switch your career from java developer to testing field. Mainly software testing includes :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first, you should learn what is software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is software testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test plan, test cases, test scenarios creation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test design techniques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bug reports using tool like mantis , BT tracker , Jira&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software testing models&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software test life cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you do preparation of &lt;strong&gt;ISTQB&lt;/strong&gt; foundation level exam then you will get perfect and depth knowledge about manual testing things. Reference link : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/16/15.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/16/15.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are excellent in java then it will be easy for you to learn and do work with selenium web driver for functionality testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also learn &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; automation tool for load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice is that do not be in hurry to get work in automation tools , first work as manual tester and understand all things practically that how testing works. then you will enjoy automation easily. Your base of software testing must be clear before automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-11-26T11:22:44.490" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T11:22:44.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10391" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10393" CreationDate="2014-11-26T09:20:24.193" Score="1" ViewCount="376" Body="&lt;p&gt;How future is in only manual testing. I was and I am weak in programming so I selected software testing and working as software tester since last 4 years. Doing excellent testing. But I heard that after some experience in manual testing it is necessary to learn automation tool , is that fact? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T09:47:26.223" Title="Future in Manual Testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2014-11-26T13:47:14.907" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10374" CreationDate="2014-11-26T09:31:42.673" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please take 2 thread group for 2 request sampler. Set for both 50 - 50 user. Also if you want to do some real load testing then set Ramp-up period at least 5 to 15 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T09:31:42.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10391" CreationDate="2014-11-26T09:47:26.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to community!&#xA;I believe that manual testing should be always important &quot;till the end of the world&quot;. But I also deeply believe that software tester should be familiar with some programming language and script language. But, again, if you are really great manual software tester you will be always valuable employee. Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T09:47:26.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10387" CreationDate="2014-11-26T09:55:50.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When run jmeter plan using non-gui mode , By default JMeter does not save summary results to file. Either you have to save as JTL and view it in the summary listeners later or run with the summary listeners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please read - &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.amd.com/community/blog/using-apache-jmeter-in-non-gui-mode/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://developer.amd.com/community/blog/using-apache-jmeter-in-non-gui-mode/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T09:55:50.973" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10299" CreationDate="2014-11-26T10:01:19.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below link have lots of device available so you can test with more flexibility :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://emulator.mobilewebsitesubmit.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://emulator.mobilewebsitesubmit.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T10:01:19.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10385" CreationDate="2014-11-26T10:08:43.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It actually depends. At first, testing requires other skills than programming. If you will became test engineer with programming experience you would be able to automate more efficient and find accidental regressions better. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;less pressure on work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and again, softare testing could be very responsible job and you can get much pressure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;i have java exp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can became automation tester of web and mobile apps for example. But you should be familiar with testing terminology and basic knowledges about software testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2014-11-26T15:07:16.040" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T15:07:16.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5227" CreationDate="2014-11-26T10:11:00.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some good practice paper you will find here on &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;istqbexamcertification&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main thing is to concentrate on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/finish/16/15.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;syllabus given by ISTQB&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my experience only some time questions come from practice paper in real exam. Paper is always based in ISTQB syllabus. So read , understand and remember each and every line of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T06:21:33.543" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T06:21:33.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9545" CreationDate="2014-11-26T10:26:12.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For broken link this is best : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iwebtool.com/broken_link_checker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.iwebtool.com/broken_link_checker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For spelling test : &lt;a href=&quot;http://respelt.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://respelt.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These both I have been using to suggesting you also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T10:26:12.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10400" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-26T11:10:58.743" Score="3" ViewCount="3897" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my quest for finding the right test management tool, I ended up with &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.xpandit.plugins.xray&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Xray for Jira&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;A key requirement was: good integration with Jira.&#xA;Xray for Jira didn't pop up by googling around. Somebody recommended it and for sure it looks promising. Beside the reviews at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.xpandit.plugins.xray&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jira marketplace&lt;/a&gt;, I didn't find many published experiences. Hence my question here...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9106" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:05:32.617" LastActivityDate="2020-02-19T05:46:23.777" Title="Xray for JIRA, any working experiences?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10400" CreationDate="2014-11-26T11:25:33.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nick - Xray for JIRA tool is good if you want to get everything paid. If you want to use free then will get very limited feature and also I think will not get real goal for which you want to use tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T11:25:33.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10352" CreationDate="2014-11-26T11:48:44.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hold load means its duration of your running test if we say in simple language. Suppose if you specify 30 user and hold load = 60 seconds then your test will run continue till 60 seconds and it will stop automatically after 60 seconds. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T11:48:44.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10373" CreationDate="2014-11-26T11:53:27.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In jmeter you can set any listener as per your need , check below please :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#listeners&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#listeners&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best listeners are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aggregate Report&#xA;Aggregate Graph&#xA;Distribution Graph&#xA;Summary Report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T11:53:27.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10389" CreationDate="2014-11-26T12:05:28.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome, Aakash! &lt;br&gt;&#xA;TestComplete offers you two possible ways that can be used to create data-driven tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DB Table variables (Database tables or queries, Excel files, CSV files)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Table variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DDT program object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to perform data-driven testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a TestComplete project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record an automated test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modify the Data-Driven Test and Assign Input Values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change the Operation’s Execution Order&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Executing a Data-Driven Test and Checking Results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;So, on step 3 you may use excel file.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;More details you may find here: &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/articles/testcomplete/data-driven-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://support.smartbear.com/articles/testcomplete/data-driven-testing&lt;/a&gt; (Modifying the Data-Driven Test and Assigning Input Values)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T12:05:28.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9168" CreationDate="2014-11-26T12:07:29.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution is here :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6964358/jmeter-testcases-which-can-handle-captcha&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6964358/jmeter-testcases-which-can-handle-captcha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can disable captcha from code before test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T12:07:29.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10337" CreationDate="2014-11-26T18:57:51.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience the biggest hurdle for TDD is that you need a clear specification and, preferably, traceability between specification items and tests so that if the specification is revised you know which tests to change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly in many organisations that I have worked with the specification is released at Issue 1 between a week and a month &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; the code has entered final acceptance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing is that &lt;em&gt;ideally&lt;/em&gt; the tests are a) written by someone else &amp;amp; b) black boxes - then you write code that passes the specific tests by writing good robust code rather than writing code to pass the test you just wrote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2014-11-26T18:57:51.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10311" CreationDate="2014-11-27T01:05:04.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You avoid this question completely by integrating testing into software development life-cycle. I assume you mean that the bulk of testing is done after development, rather than &quot;how do we re-factor in the 11th hour of final testing&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General advice for re-factoring is to have good test coverage so changes can be made with confidence and have a high degree of automation so more tests can be run quicker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T01:05:04.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10409" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-27T07:47:18.513" Score="1" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you please suggest a tool that can be used to measure performance of a web site on real Mobile devices like Android, iOS etc. ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any tool that can be used on Mobile devices and on a desktop machine too?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are small scale company primarily looking for Open Source or Paid tools with Trial versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T08:33:36.910" Title="Is there any tool to check Performace of the mobile web site on real mobile devices?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10409" CreationDate="2014-11-27T08:33:36.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Jmeter to test performance of your site in mobile and desktop also. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please check perfect guide : &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/186249-load-test-mobile-apps-easily&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-27T08:33:36.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10411" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-11-27T12:18:03.020" Score="0" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to apply smoke testing and sanity testing to running testing projects. So any one can help me by proper plan using which I can apply real smoke and sanity testing professionally as QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-11-29T03:49:23.233" Title="How can we apply smoke and sanity testing concepts in real testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10352" CreationDate="2014-11-28T07:28:16.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lets say you have selected hold load for 60 seconds.&#xA;And your test scenario is 30 users trying to log in.&#xA;Then all these users will try to login for as many times as possible for the time span of 60 seconds.&#xA;To verify this look in to the result tree and calculate how many login attempts happened during that period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9256" LastActivityDate="2014-11-28T07:28:16.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10342" CreationDate="2014-11-28T15:53:20.147" Score="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tested an ExtJS application. Most of the page element attributes are dynamic. They change not only when you add a new user or something, they change every time when you open the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found the xpath expressions I get from the tools (Firebug etc.) is not very useful. Here is why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hard to read&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;break easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hard to debug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I do instead, is rather to spend time looking at the HTML and identify possible unique attributes that are not dynamic and come up with my own expressions. If none of the attributes are static for a certain element, use any other element on the page that does have static attributes with the parent/child/sibling relations to locate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often use &quot;contains&quot;, but there are more. Here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;multiple condition: &lt;code&gt;//div[@class='bubble-title' and contains(text(), 'Cover')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;partial match: &lt;code&gt;//span[contains(text(), 'Assign Rate')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;starts-with: &lt;code&gt;//input[starts-with(@id,'reportcombo')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;value has spaces: &lt;code&gt;//div[./div/div[normalize-space(.)='More Actions...']]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sibling: &lt;code&gt;//td[.='LoadType']/following-sibling::td[1]/select&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more complex: &lt;code&gt;//td[contains(normalize-space(@class), 'actualcell sajcell-row-lines saj-special x-grid-row-collapsed')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xml/xsl_functions.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Take a look at the W3C XSL Functions page for some more ideas.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&#xA;Link updated.&#xA;Edit 2:&#xA;XPATH changed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9388" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2019-11-14T07:24:22.357" LastActivityDate="2019-11-14T07:24:22.357" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10411" CreationDate="2014-11-29T03:49:23.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Smoke testing is less about QA than about saving time.  The term comes from the electronics business: you plug your new device into a power outlet and watch whether it starts to smoke.  If it does, there is no point in testing any further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The analogy for software could be as simple as checking whether the program crashes as soon as you start it.  More typically, a software smoke test involves trying out some essential functions that need to work before you any other testing is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke testing is most valuable when you have a large team consuming a build and a history of poor-quality builds. You don't want a large team trying out a new build if the software is fundamentally broken.  If the team is small, or if builds tend to not have serious regressions in fundamental features, smoke-testing may be a waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have said all that, if you need a smoke test, you must already know what kinds of fundamental features need to work, and so it's just a matter of deciding how to test those features.  A smoke test could be as simple as a set of written instructions, or an automated test suite, or both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-11-29T03:49:23.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10420" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10433" CreationDate="2014-11-29T18:43:04.927" Score="0" ViewCount="8397" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been in software industry for a long time now. I have seen that experience in &lt;strong&gt;Banking Domain&lt;/strong&gt;(tested banking websites e.g. Axis bank, Yes Bank etc)or &lt;strong&gt;Insurance Domain&lt;/strong&gt; asked separately as a skill set.&lt;br&gt; I always wonder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how testing these websites is different than testing any other complex (non-banking/insurance)website like Gmail, facebook or other nicely coded reputed websites.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't they follow testing methodologies, agile, scrum, write-execute test cases, talking to Dev team, evening morning calls with stake holders, and so so many other things.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt; I always believed that its testers IQ, experience and &lt;strong&gt;Product knowledge&lt;/strong&gt; (understanding of product) what &lt;strong&gt;matters&lt;/strong&gt;. But some how this thing has come in trend that people put this as separate skill set or study. They put more stress on this keyword &lt;strong&gt;Domain Knowledge&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt; Most of the time it is even difficult to say which domain I am working for. Suppose website I am testing provides job search plus selling professional resume writing tools. &lt;br&gt;In this case domain is search-engine domain or e-commerce or banking domain or is it 'search-engine cum e-commerce cum banking' domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T03:24:56.027" Title="How testing of Banking/Insurance Domain is different then any other website testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10420" CreationDate="2014-11-30T00:09:25.893" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Companies like it when new potential employees have similar experience because in theory it gives them some familiarity with the industry, terminology, rules and regulations, common technologies and maybe even with theirs or similar products (as a basis for comparison). In theory it also makes it easier (or more familiar) for recruiters and managers to exclude those without experience - unless you are a top candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've worked for both large &lt;strong&gt;Banking and Insurance&lt;/strong&gt; companies and (again it will depend on what areas within those industries you work) it took some time to understand the complex terminology and models that underpin their business. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example&lt;/strong&gt; I worked on a loan origination system for a bank. I considered myself fairly literate in finance and the US economy but it still took me a good six months to get comfortable with the details of how loans are made, how the whole US economic system dealt with buying and selling those loans, the large number of regulations in place, what happens when loans conform to standards, when they don't and when those came into effect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now there are quite a few test techniques that can be used by testers without knowing much about the product -&gt; QuickTests. But often in order to do deep testing we need an understanding of the product and the other factors that influence product design which generally require experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of factors and skills important to testers like testing skills, critical thinking, systems thinking, technical skills, etc. not just IQ and experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another piece to the puzzle of acquiring domain knowledge is &lt;strong&gt;where you fit into the puzzle&lt;/strong&gt;. The bank and insurance company I worked for were large multinational companies which meant I tested a very small piece of a large application. Basically that means I specialized in one specific domain and I only needed a fairly limited understanding of the others. This is a different approach than if you are the sole tester in an organization with several different and distinct product and you are expected or asked to test each one. If this is the case you have to set up rules and make it understood you can realistically only test / learn about one product at a time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2014-12-02T03:24:56.027" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T03:24:56.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10385" CreationDate="2014-11-30T00:32:02.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any time someone considers a career change it can be difficult and stressful as you go from an area of comfort to an area of relative unknowns. The difficult thing with learning about testing is there are so many people out there with misconceptions about what we do that it can be hard for someone new to get and stay on the &quot;right path&quot;. I'd suggest finding a mentor (someone with lots of experience) to help reduce the possible stress involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also recommend following blogs of testers, reading a few books and trying to get a handle on &lt;strong&gt;what software testing is&lt;/strong&gt; before moving on. Searching this site can reveal a few good blogs, books, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My favorite &lt;strong&gt;definition&lt;/strong&gt; of software testing is &quot;a technical investigation designed to reveal information about a product or service under test.&quot; This means software testers are technical investigators and in order for us to be successful we need to &lt;em&gt;understand software, modeling systems and how to investigate software using different test techniques&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software testing encompasses a lot of things besides the tools and documentation Helping Hands listed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also a few other people on this site have asked similar questions, so I invite you to check them out: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1772/going-from-development-into-qa&quot;&gt;What developer skills would translate well into doing QA?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5652/software-testing-as-a-career-path-becoming-a-test-architect&quot;&gt;Software Testing as a career path? Becoming a test architect&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T02:29:00.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9144" CreationDate="2014-12-01T03:42:07.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everything we do as testers requires some trade off between time (planning and executing) and achieving our testing mission. Taking screen shots to reference later or to have proof of coverage is fine as long as you balance that with time to achieve your mission (including adequately testing the system). Realistically this means if we want to record our steps we must have some way to automatically take the screen shots through a tool or just use video.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using Windows (7 and later I believe) you can open up &lt;a href=&quot;http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows7/How-do-I-use-Problem-Steps-Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Problem Steps Recorder&lt;/a&gt;, hit record and it will do all of this for you. I'm sure there are other tools out there that will accomplish the same things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll use tools like PSR while doing exploratory testing so I can review what I've done and even perhaps find a few interesting things that I missed while my attention was somewhere else. This often leads to follow up testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note&lt;/em&gt;: Recording every step for review later is not the same thing as having to upload or place each photo into a tracking device. Doing this would probably defeat the efficiency gains in automatically recording the steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note 2:&lt;/em&gt; Outside of the original tester these recordings don't mean much anyways. It's the testers job to report on what they found, to summarize and provide useful information back to the product team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T03:42:07.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9144" CreationDate="2014-12-01T09:14:14.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other comments have covered the screenshot taking, so I address the third questions: Encountered disadvantages in using mindmaps for test analysis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: Sometimes projects are long and complex, and on those the state of testing is hard or next to impossible to interpret from mindmaps. Still, capturing screenshots is overkill in most of the situations. The best alternative in many situations is somewhere in between. A bit boringly it is nothing new - just documenting what is relevant to test in reusable format, tracking the outcome of testing and maintaining this information so that it is easy to find out what is best to test next. And that can be done with well ordered test cases. For test cases do consider what is relevant to write down. Is it fully scripted instructions, or is it possible just write down instructions what to test, not how to test. That is often faster and thus tields better bang for testing time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test cases are not always not a bliss. It is possible to go wrong with them in many ways, but in complex, long projects the &quot;old method&quot; provides good tools to work efficiently and maintain understanding what is going on in the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T09:14:14.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9867" CreationDate="2014-12-01T10:46:14.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here're couple of other tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestingWhiz - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testing-whiz.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testing-whiz.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete - &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://smartbear.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6348" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T10:46:14.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10420" CreationDate="2014-12-01T12:11:10.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Chris has said, domain experience means that - in theory - a candidate won't need the lengthy domain learning time that's needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, I'm currently working in payroll and HR management. To be able to effectively test my employer's software, I needed to learn how payroll and HR management works, and the US regulations that the company needs to follow. It took me six months to be comfortable with the domain - and close to a year to consider myself moderately familiar with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's always going to be a learning period for an organization's software, but an employee who's familiar with the business domain doesn't have the learning curve (or in some cases, cliff with a wicked overhang) that comes with learning the software and the business domain at the same time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, for permanent positions, a highly skilled candidate who can demonstrate that they learn quickly isn't necessarily going to be passed over for a weaker candidate with more business domain knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The business domain is the primary focus of your business - these tend to be quite broad, like &quot;banking&quot;, &quot;insurance&quot;, &quot;HR management&quot;, &quot;ticketing&quot;, and so forth. Your employer might focus on a small facet of the larger category, such as &quot;banking/online card processing&quot; for a company that builds credit card processing plugins for other organizations to use. If you're not sure whether your experience fits into a business domain, it probably doesn't - but that's no reason not to apply for the position if your experience is a good fit for all the other requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T12:11:10.977" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10429" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-01T12:23:17.573" Score="4" ViewCount="1603" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should a tester increase his observation skills?  I feel that I somewhere lack sharp observation and attention to detail. any games or exercises that can make my approach towards testing easier with practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9406" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T16:08:32.203" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T01:18:36.250" Title="How Can a Tester Increase his Observation Skills?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-01T16:16:27.240" Score="2" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our UI designers would like to validate that the HTML they specify should appear on a page does, in fact appear on the page as generated by a .jsp. They need to specify a particular set of HTML nodes with rules like 'this node set appears 1-3 times' 'this node set must appear' 'this node must contain these fixed attributes and these variable attributes'.&#xA;There would be one testcase per rule, with up to about 100 testcases on one page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have automated navigating to the page in question using Selenium in Java. &#xA;Once on the page, is there a good Java API or automated tool for doing these types of rule-based validations of the DOM? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach I considered is writing up an xpath expression for each expected result. My concern is that they could be very hard to read. Also, I would like to hand off the creation  of these rules to the UI developers, and I do't know if they will be able to (easily) create them in xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4360" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T18:57:45.110" Title="Looking for a API/tool to validate html snippets" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10420" CreationDate="2014-12-01T17:37:14.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing in every domain is different&lt;/strong&gt; because &lt;strong&gt;any testing requires domain-specific knowledge.&lt;/strong&gt; During my career, i worked in such different domains like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mortgage loan servicing (non-performing = overdue loans, which require lost of complicated handling, like knowledge that in West Virginia there are differences in foreclosure procedures per county). We had contractors but we farmed only &quot;easy to explain&quot; tasks to them because of the long learning necessary for some tasks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bioinformatics (until they realized that it is easier to teach a person with MS/PhD in biology to program in Python than to teach a programmer biology), where understanding that some results do not have biological sense was crucial when debugging my software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aviation support and flight planning (where amount of regulation and plain physics is mind-boggling).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing a site like Gmail or Facebook is different in a sense that any average smart user &quot;knows&quot; how to use it, so &lt;strong&gt;average smart user does have all domain knowledge needed&lt;/strong&gt; (or can gain it by reading few pages on manual). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To break into new domain you need to have other relevant skills, &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; company needs to be willing to spend (sometimes significant) amount of time to bring you up to speed in particular domain. So i.e. to test banking you need to be expert in the testing technology/tools they use, &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; there should be only a limited supply of skilled experts with such domain knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T17:37:14.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2014-12-01T19:47:07.080" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use WebDriverWait to synch with page load. Something like the following might help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); //you can play with the time integer  to wait for longer than 15 seconds.`&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains(&quot;title&quot;)); //if you want to wait for a particular title to show up&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenseOfElementLocated(ByLocator)); //in case you want to wait for a particular element to appear on the page.`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9410" LastEditorUserId="9410" LastEditDate="2014-12-01T19:52:10.527" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T19:52:10.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10436" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-01T20:08:17.090" Score="2" ViewCount="951" Body="&lt;p&gt;My application has a daily task which exports certain activities to CSV files. In the ideal world, admins would check those files daily to make sure they are sane and the application is behaving as expected. In the real world, that won't (always) happen, so I'd like to create some sort of automation framework where (ideally) business users can build validation rules to be applied against the CSV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario &quot;Participants can only create messages with their own ID&quot;:&#xA;For file 'Messages_{Date}':&#xA;    Assert column 'User role' matches one of ['Admin', 'Participant']&#xA;    If 'User role' = 'Participant'&#xA;        Assert column 'User id' matches JSON.parse(message).user&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if a BDD tool like Jasmine can help with making these test cases clear and reporting any issues to both developers and business (power-)users, and also perhaps handle some things like &quot;This report was broken already yesterday so don't send a new email today&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I approaching this wrong? Is this kind of data-level validation a bad idea? What tools do people use for this kind of thing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9411" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:08:22.067" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:12:27.113" Title="How can I validate CSV exports from my application?" Tags="&lt;csv-file&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10436" CreationDate="2014-12-01T22:31:43.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Data Validation is a very important part of any testing strategy for an application that is dependent on data.  There are two things you should do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate data in your test environment&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will have to have a way to generate real world scenarios for your application, hopefully your functional testing will already have this covered.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on the known data set generated by your testing, create data validation tests that make sense using your technology of choice.  You need to test the CSV since it is a specific deliverable of the application, but you may also want to test data in the database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create something to inform your business users&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I would lean towards building reports using something like SSRS or Cognos than providing test case results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to avoid testing data directly in production, and instead try to test any ETL processes thoroughly enough in a test environment to be confident that there will not be any data issues.  This can be quite a challenge, depending on your application's design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-12-01T22:31:43.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10436" CreationDate="2014-12-02T00:26:05.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two observations that might lead to a different solution:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Certain Activities&quot; sounds like a simple log file  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV files are pretty much XLS spreadsheets  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion: create a macro that grabs the file, creates a range, and then loops through each row in the 'User Role' column to verify the output. On a &quot;failure&quot; the system can send an email to an Admin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9185" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T13:12:27.113" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:12:27.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10445" CreationDate="2014-12-02T03:28:04.780" Score="1" ViewCount="1627" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone could help me out with this exception I've been getting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a custom class/object named MindsparkPartnerCode with two variables named ieFFCode &amp;amp; chromeCode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like for my Selenium Java program to create an array of MindsparkPartnerCode objects, read from a CSV file, and then store the values read from the first column of that CSV file into the ieFFCode for the first object of the array, and so on until it reaches the first blank line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, each time I run the program, I get an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException at the line               &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;record.setIEFFCode(chunks[0]);&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong? I'm using old code from a co-worker of mine, which is why I'm not using an &amp;quot;index&amp;quot; for the Array. Though I'd be willing to use that if it would make the code more readable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        List&amp;lt;MindsparkPartnerCode&amp;gt; records = new ArrayList&amp;lt;MindsparkPartnerCode&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;        FileReader r = new FileReader(&#xA;                &amp;quot;C:\\DailyLocalGuidePartnerCode.csv&amp;quot;);&#xA;        BufferedReader bfr = new BufferedReader(r);&#xA;&#xA;        String line = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            while ((line = bfr.readLine()) != null) {&#xA;                if (StringUtils.isBlank(line))&#xA;                    continue;&#xA;            &#xA;                System.out.println(line);&#xA;                String[] chunks = line.split(&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;);&#xA;                MindsparkPartnerCode record = new MindsparkPartnerCode();&#xA;                &#xA;                record.setIEFFCode(chunks[0]);&#xA;                records.add(record);&#xA;            }&#xA;        } finally {&#xA;            bfr.close();&#xA;            r.close();  &#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9284" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-06T11:16:06.533" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T11:16:06.533" Title="java selenium - ArrayIndexOutofBoundsException" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10440" CreationDate="2014-12-02T04:12:54.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;line&lt;/code&gt; contains nothing but commas.  That causes line.split to return a zero-length array.  Since the array is empty, chunks[0] causes an &lt;code&gt;ArrayOutOfBoundsException&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T04:12:54.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10429" CreationDate="2014-12-02T08:58:57.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just behave like a teacher and student.Ask Question to yoursely and try to answer it.&#xA;Always be alert and make an imaginary view of the things.Be creative...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9403" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T08:58:57.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10443" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10446" CreationDate="2014-12-02T09:07:51.403" Score="1" ViewCount="2390" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want all the options which are there in a dropdown .I am using selenium + javascript to write the testcases &#xA;Please let me know how to get all the options from the dropdown&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i know in java we can achive this by using Select class and getOptions() , i need the same how to achive this when we are using webdriverjs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T10:35:12.747" Title="how can i get all the dropdown values in a list" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10431" CreationDate="2014-12-02T09:18:30.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; as a tool and it's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#assertions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Assertions&lt;/a&gt; like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTML_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML Assertion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Assertion&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;do to your checks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter is a protocol-based tool so it'll be able to deal with your use case much faster than Selenium does, besides you'll be able to run your tests in multithreaded manner, using command-line headless mode, Ant, Maven, Jenkins plugin or whatever. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on how to deal with JMeter Assertions see &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in 3 Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt; guide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T09:18:30.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10440" CreationDate="2014-12-02T10:12:39.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        //create a list/array of the partner codes found within the source file&#xA;        List&amp;lt;MindsparkPartnerCode&amp;gt; records = new ArrayList&amp;lt;MindsparkPartnerCode&amp;gt;();&#xA;        //set the location of the file and create a read buffer&#xA;        FileReader r = new FileReader(&quot;C:\\DailyLocalGuidePartnerCode.csv&quot;);&#xA;        BufferedReader bfr = new BufferedReader(r);&#xA;&#xA;        String line = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            while ((line = bfr.readLine()) != null) {&#xA;                if (StringUtils.contains(line, &quot;,,,&quot;))&#xA;                    continue;&#xA;                //System.out.println(line); //for debugging&#xA;                String[] chunks = line.split(&quot;,&quot;);&#xA;                MindsparkPartnerCode record = new MindsparkPartnerCode();&#xA;                record.setIEFFCode(chunks[0]);&#xA;                records.add(record);&#xA;                //System.out.println(chunks); //for debugging&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;This is the current record's IE/FF Code: &quot; + record.getIEFFCode());&#xA;                driver.get(testURL + record.getIEFFCode());&#xA;                //find the URL for the mindpark javascript implementation&#xA;                //String pageSourceURL = driver.findElement(By.(&quot;//meta[@name='keywords']&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;content&quot;);&#xA;                //System.out.println(&quot;When using that IE/FF code in a Chrome browser, the partner code is changed to this:&quot; + &#xA;                    //driver.get(testURL + record.getIEFFCode()));&#xA;            }&#xA;        } finally {&#xA;            bfr.close();&#xA;            r.close();&#xA;            //System.out.println(records); //for debugging&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9284" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T10:12:39.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10443" CreationDate="2014-12-02T10:35:12.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone develop a webdriverjs-helper:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/surevine/webdriverjs-helper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/surevine/webdriverjs-helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helper provide a function to get the values of a dropdown: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.dropdownlist(selector).value(valueHandler)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/surevine/webdriverjs-helper#browserdropdownlistselectorvaluesvalueshandler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/surevine/webdriverjs-helper#browserdropdownlistselectorvaluesvalueshandler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2014-12-02T10:35:12.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-02T17:01:10.020" Score="5" ViewCount="1501" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to write a few tests in Protractor, but looking a bit forward I wonder if anyone knows how to fully associate my Protractor tests to my test cases in TFS. So, I can run it those tests from  my test cases on Microsoft Test Manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9421" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T11:56:13.913" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T06:54:21.300" Title="Associate Protractor tests to TFS properly" Tags="&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10450" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-03T06:23:04.697" Score="4" ViewCount="5838" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to login to Gmail with two users. The data is exported from excel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes my test passes, but sometimes the first user login and logout processes successfully, but the second username is not entered completely - the test jumps to the password field and enters the remaining part of the username in the password field with the password. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I stop this happening? Will forcing SendKeys to enter data more slowly help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7956" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-04T17:29:12.583" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T10:08:31.230" Title="Selenium - SendKeys not completing data entry before moving to next field" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10452" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10454" CreationDate="2014-12-03T07:30:46.427" Score="2" ViewCount="1703" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an interview coming up soon a software engineer in test role, I've worked as a dev/support/QA and though technically skilled, I've had little chance to code in my current role, only outside work. I'm concerned about this upcoming interview as its very different in style to anything I've come across and was looking for advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently they give me a brief/scenario, I work on my own for a bit then present a test plan to them. Of key importance is what I'm going to automate and why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never faced this kind of scenario -&gt; test plan style, has anyone faced this before and could anyone recommend resources to see something like they might produce? Obviously it may be completely different but I feel it'd give me more confidence knowing what is around the corner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6201" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T14:49:10.490" Title="Scenario based Tester interview" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10452" CreationDate="2014-12-03T14:49:10.490" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've done it and basically I find these sorts of interviews come down to two main points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How well do you understand Test Plans, Strategies and documentation?  Can you break down a project so that it communicates what you intend to do in a document that is handed to either someone outside your group or someone unfamiliar with your task.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you communicate within a document to your manager, colleague or outside person what your steps are?  Can this be handed off to someone else to handle, in your absence or when you add people to a project, for them to know what to do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of these sort of scenarios are about showing your process, your methods and how you test.  In many ways it doesn't matter what the actual details are, unless a company really gets that precise but in an interview I have seen that rarely, it's about what you know and how you apply it that is really being checked here.  Presentation also is checked here, how you communicate on a person-to-person level and how you handle questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T14:49:10.490" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9033" CreationDate="2014-12-03T15:40:26.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This scenario works with maven-surefire-plugin 2.16 or higher, JUnit 4.7 or higher.&#xA;The Parameterized runner is a suite and therefore every single configuration means a new class. In your configuration of maven-surefire-plugin you should use parallel=classes and certain threadCount. You have many possibilities like classesAndMethods or threadCount + threadCountClasses, etc.&#xA;Just see the plugin documentation&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/test-mojo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/test-mojo.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9429" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T15:40:26.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10456" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-03T17:51:19.667" Score="3" ViewCount="1915" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have little to no experience about QA. I was moved within my company from another department nothing to do with IT. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you could tell me one thing that you would consider necessary for me to know, what would it be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you could suggest programs that could help with testing and potentially make this journey easier, please comment as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9431" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:08:40.357" Title="What do you need to be a great QA Analyst?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2721" CreationDate="2014-12-03T19:20:38.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using SQL you can use the following to get you tests out of the DB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-sql prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;select * from &#xA;TEST t,&#xA;DESSTEPS d&#xA;&#xA;where &#xA; t.ts_test_id = d.ds_test_id&#xA;&#xA; order by &#xA; t.ts_test_id, d.ds_step_order&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9432" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T08:16:01.123" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T08:16:01.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="10458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10456" CreationDate="2014-12-03T20:51:16.130" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;One very helpful trait would be ability (&quot;knack&quot;) to search available information and being able to find what you need. If you did simple search in QA (I used search string &quot;how to start qa&quot;) you would find many answers, like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7621/how-to-become-a-good-qa-employee&quot;&gt;How to become a good QA employee&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3846/how-can-i-transition-into-getting-into-qa&quot;&gt;How can I transition into getting into QA?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3716/what-does-a-sofware-qa-person-need-to-know-to-perform-their-job-essentially&quot;&gt;What does a Sofware QA Person Need to Know to Perform Their Job (Essentially)?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=how+to+start+qa&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=how+to+start+qa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It took me about a minute. Writing this took longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other good traits is to be able to communicate efficiently, and being detail oriented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another one for you: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9933/resources-to-learn-about-testing-theory&quot;&gt;Resources to learn about testing theory&lt;/a&gt; - and see every page has &quot;related questions&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T22:13:11.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10456" CreationDate="2014-12-03T21:14:29.247" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The one thing I think it's necessary to know: The essence of the job is to provide decision makers with accurate, relevant, timely information about the system, to help them make better decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you will also need to learn zillions of strategies and techniques for providing that information. But the key is to remember the point of what you do: Inform decision makers about the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2014-12-03T21:14:29.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10461" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-05T07:04:06.670" Score="0" ViewCount="1501" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running a Selenium WebDriver Script in java to read excel file and write data in a Web application. I am instantiating a Firefox Webdriver. The problem is that Script runs fine, but when test case is running and i click somewhere on the Web application &#xA;Screen, web driver Stops running or even when i change focus to some other Window ..it stops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using latest Selenium java client version and latest firefox version with Eclipse.I don't know why its giving such focus issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9436" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:05:41.697" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:05:41.697" Title="Selenium WebDriver Stops when Window goes Out of Focus?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10456" CreationDate="2014-12-05T12:09:41.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main motive of the QA person should be &quot;How to break into the system&quot;. This statement keeps on driving me and helps in delivering the application as per requirement specifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is actually breaking into the system ? - According to me this&#xA;  actually accessing or using the application components by not&#xA;  following the usual way. For Eg. An application has been developed&#xA;  which has a log-in id which accepts only alphabets. So my aim would be&#xA;  to get into this application by entering combination of alphabets and&#xA;  other characters into the log-in field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing which can be driving force is Patience. A Quality Analyst has to be very patient in understanding the Application flow and Usability. The better is the understanding the better the application is developed in the right direction with help of QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9441" LastEditorUserId="9441" LastEditDate="2015-03-31T08:38:18.483" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T08:38:18.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10463" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11725" CreationDate="2014-12-05T12:43:00.153" Score="3" ViewCount="16022" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Jenkins and I have configured it on my Windows PC. I have to run failed test cases twice before considering that they are failing. I am using TestNG and Selenium Webdriver for writing test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created a job in Jenkins which maps to my workspace and runs the &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt;. I have specified the path of &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt;. I have created a maven project and I run the &lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt; for running my test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now after a successful run of all test cases, I get surefire reports of the tests. I want to run the failed test cases i.e &lt;code&gt;testng-failed.xml&lt;/code&gt; twice. I have tried running it using the following command in the post build section:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd path to workspace&#xA;mvn test -DtestNG.file=/target/surefire-reports/testng-failed.xml&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I run the above command it runs &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; instead of running &lt;code&gt;testng-failed.xml&lt;/code&gt;. I am not sure if I am on the correct path for running failed test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need help guys. I am stuck at this point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T07:16:21.660" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T07:18:12.390" Title="How to run TestNG failed test cases in Jenkins for Maven project?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10450" CreationDate="2014-12-05T12:51:02.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there is problem of latency. So I will suggest you to try slowing your test scripts after first test run. Give enough time to the browser to logout completely and then read inputs for second test and then you pass them into the test scripts. The only thing here is you have to pass values only then when browser have successfully loaded the login page again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastActivityDate="2014-12-05T12:51:02.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10429" CreationDate="2014-12-05T12:51:31.133" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest starting with looking at the answers to these questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9577/how-to-become-a-more-creative-software-tester?rq=1&quot;&gt;How to become a more Creative Software Tester?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8156/how-can-a-software-tester-use-out-of-the-box-thinking-approach-to-find-more-bu?rq=1&quot;&gt;How can a Software Tester use &amp;quot;Out of the Box&amp;quot; thinking approach to find more bugs?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of useful suggestions there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things that can help: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Practice pattern recognition&lt;/strong&gt;: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a large data dump or log file that you know has bad data and/or stack dumps in it. Scroll through it relatively quickly, and try to find the bad data that way. I use this technique to quickly locate problems in massive blocks of information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View the old version and the new version of something side-by-side (using screenshots if necessary) and let your eyes unfocus. You should see any differences in appearance more clearly that way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Play hidden object games. They're great for teaching you to recognize small things in a mass of mostly unconnected information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Switch it up when you get stale&lt;/strong&gt; - everyone has a limit to how long they can maintain intense focus on anything. When you feel yourself getting tired, change to an activity that takes less focus or is completely different (one good thing about software testing is that there is no shortage of variety in the job).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Take a purely physical break periodically&lt;/strong&gt; - this doesn't have to be much. It can be as simple as leaning back, closing your eyes for a moment, and stretching. Or a bathroom break. This should happen at least once an hour - in really demanding situations you may need to do it every twenty minutes or so.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leave yourself notes&lt;/strong&gt; - task switching has a built in penalty where you need to re-familiarize yourself with the new task and drop the thoughts in the previous one. Leave yourself notes to speed up the process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minimize distractions&lt;/strong&gt; - if you're in a noisy environment, headphones help to block out conversation that would otherwise distract you from the work you're doing (I've had to work in an open area where the sales team would be holding loud conversations next to my cube. Without the headphones I'd never have been able to get anything done).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, most of increasing your ability to pick up details is in adjusting your environment to maximize your focus. Much of the rest is practicing pattern recognition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-12-05T12:51:31.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10466" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-05T13:45:34.833" Score="17" ViewCount="39941" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to call localStorage.clear() before running a group of specific tests but the thing is I don't know how. I can see CLEAR_LOCAL_STORAGE variable mentioned&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/py/webdriver_remote/selenium.webdriver.remote.command.html&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; but still failing to understand where exactly this constant is used and how I can perform desired action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If calling js execution is the only option I'm OK with it but the existence of this constant makes me looking for a better solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2880" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-12-05T21:26:06.117" LastActivityDate="2020-10-24T09:55:32.310" Title="How to clear localStorage using selenium and webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10456" CreationDate="2014-12-05T15:53:36.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do you need to be a great QA Analyst?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a lot of answers to this portion of the question. The main things I think would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Know yourself&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Know your limitations and strengths. I am weak with UIs so whenever I am tasked with a piece that uses UIs, I typically will ask for assistance and get a 2nd party to verify that I did not miss anything. My strength is on the technical and code end, so I am constantly verifying code, reviewing code and checking for potential issues in code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be inquisitive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asking questions is the primary duty of QA in my eyes. The who, what, when, where and hows are what we need to be able to do our job well. Often times just asking those questions will find the issues. Asking others about what they are expecting from the system and asking yourself those questions for every change in the system is how you create the testing scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you could tell me one thing that you would consider necessary for me to know, what would it be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Know your strengths and weaknesses, what the company expects from you and the software and what you plan to accomplish. A lot of the information you will gain from just time on the job, others you will naturally have. As for 1 silver bullet to QA, there is none. QA is designed to be multiple mindsets viewing the project from different angles in order to accomplish the goals. Without this ultimately multiple things will be missed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be more valuable to your company, find your niche, the task that no one on your team seems to either want to do or is actually doing and master it. This can be something as simple as documentation, organizing and managing data or creating extensive tools and utilities for the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you could suggest programs that could help with testing and potentially make this journey easier, please comment as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For tools check out this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5624/typical-software-tools-short-list-for-manual-qa-specialist-tester-working&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt;. It gives a rather comprehensive list of utilities and tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-12-05T15:53:36.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10466" CreationDate="2014-12-05T17:21:56.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;After you &lt;code&gt;driver.get(URL)&lt;/code&gt; to your page, you can execute javascript in it from webdriver, like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get('javascript:&amp;lt;your JS snippet here&amp;gt;')&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so try &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get('javascript:localStorage.clear();')&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-12-05T17:21:56.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10447" CreationDate="2014-12-05T21:14:12.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, you can only associate and execute MSTest based test automation to test cases in TFS.  You could write a MSTest test method to wrap each of your protractor test cases.  Somebody did something similar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/blog/running-ranorex-automated-tests-using-microsoft-test-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;here&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for Ranorex tests.  Doing that manually would be painful, so I'd recommend automating the MSTest dll creation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also the potential to associate your protractor tests directly with TFS Test Cases using something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/JakeGinnivan/TestCaseAutomationAssigner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.  However, I'm not sure how you would execute them via MTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-12-05T21:14:12.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10470" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-07T18:57:18.447" Score="1" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently graduated with a Software Engineering degree. I have found a job as a Test Automation Developer writing frameworks in ruby/cucumber to test other applications that have been developed. I will be doing a 6 month contract, but I do not want to be a test engineer for the rest of my career. I would like to move into actual development and start my career being SDE instead of SDET. I would like to know anyone's input on this and how well I would be able to transition to SDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm only doing the automation (SDET) job for a contract of 6 months. In that time I hope to learn and excel my programming skills. What I'm saying is, I don't want employers to stick me in the test developer category and not give me a shot at development. I feel that the Tester role is looked down upon slightly. Does anyone have any experience with this? Transitioning? What can I do to keep my programming skills sharp during that 6 month period? What is the growth opportunity within the Test engineer role. What is the SDET vs SDE salary gap, or is there one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a little overwhelmed here, any advice would be much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9445" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T21:10:07.603" Title="Need some serious career advice from the elders here" Tags="&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10470" CreationDate="2014-12-07T19:33:48.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Improve your skills and talk to your manager. Ask for training and/or special project. Failing that, join any open-source project and show your skills there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T19:33:48.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7407" CreationDate="2014-12-07T19:42:39.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are starting out as a beginner in QTP, may be the best way to learn is to dive right in and explore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First start off by learning about how object spy and object repository works in QTP. Then create an object repository and add different kind of objects like a JavaTextField, JavaTable, JavaTree, JavaStaticText, JavaButton. Now drag drop these objects one by one into your test and use the intelli-sense by pressing the ctrl-space. Now you can see what all the methods you have to perform the required task you want to do. If you have doubt on how to use those methods you can use F1 for QTP Help, this is the best possible source for you to learn about any non-Web related add-ins like Siebel,SAP,Java,VB etc;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9446" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T19:42:39.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10470" CreationDate="2014-12-07T20:18:11.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are travelling on the same boat my friend !!! :) As you are still in very early stage it is easy for you to make a transition. If you are passionate and willing to work hard this is my piece of advice for you which I am telling through my own experience :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a guy who is passionate about Java Web Developement and in my first job I was placed into QA role, I had no choice but to accept the role and I need to work for around 1 more year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not worry about your future, if you want to be a developer then be a developer and respect your job as an SDET.Try to master what you are doing at your job and after you come back to home try to practice your programming skills through programming competitions sites like Top Coder,CodeChef.com. These sites will help you develop your coding skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also help Dev-Team in your office by writing some utility tools to automate their work, in this way you can show your passion to be a developer so that people can recognise your talent and can move you to the Dev-Role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that my strong suggestion is to take on side projects. Think about any idea like a webapp or a mobile app depending on which field you are into, start of by re-inventing the wheel like creating a shoppingcart application, a social networking site like facebook or any other application you use daily. Try to think how they developed that software and develop it. If you face any obstacles, divide your problem into small modules and google for them I am sure you will be able to find answers. Work for 2-3 hours daily after your office hours to keep your programming skills sharp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more idea I can give which I myself follow is Explore projects in github.com , this is a social network for all the developers to share their code. If you are trying to develop a shopping cart application, search in github and you can find many projects(hopefully). Try to study and understand how they wrote the code and try to implement the code in your projects. In this way you can develop experience not only by writing code but also reading the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a portfolio of your application by maintaining all your side projects in the Github repository so that you can show your manager that you are good candidate to fit into the developer role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you think you have the confidence to write good, maintainable code then search for some open source projects and try to contribute to them. In this way you can find some real world experience. That's what I am aiming to do now :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer to this article here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://news.dice.com/2013/06/12/from-tester-to-developer-making-the-jump/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://news.dice.com/2013/06/12/from-tester-to-developer-making-the-jump/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And coming to your another question, in my view a good automation engineer has a great opportunity in terms of salary than an average developer. So continue to give your best as an SDET and work hard to keep your programming skills sharp. After 6 months, if you feel that being and SDET is good and interesting to break things you can make that as your career!! Follow your passion!! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9446" LastActivityDate="2014-12-07T20:18:11.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11750" CreationDate="2014-12-07T22:06:47.307" Score="2" ViewCount="608" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a loadtest to a customer who is saying that if a certain response contains &quot;bla:bla&quot; I should execute a different path in load test. On client side it means that a certain button is disabled and user should not be able to push it. On the other hand, if I ignore the mark-up and send it anyway, the server is perfectly fine with it (means it returns HTTP.200). &#xA;So the customer is demanding that I check for this condition, for me I would mean that I had to parse all the responses of this type and decide which path to take, and this seems absurd. My reasoning is that the server should tell me to get lost.&#xA;So the point is that data is not being validated on server side (which is a noticable security issue), but I have been forced to write a 'hack' to deal with this. &#xA;I am not generally against parsing responses, ie, due to browser implementation, it might be totally ok to return unauthorized with HTTP.200, but the question is - to what extent should I tolerate parsing the responses? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6021" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-01-09T02:27:34.667" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T18:03:53.343" Title="Should load test validate functionality?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10475" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-08T07:42:20.153" Score="1" ViewCount="341" Body="&lt;p&gt;What we are going to verify in quality assurance stage? &amp;amp; what we are not going to verify? like wise what are we going to check in quality control stage? what are we not going to test on quality control satge?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8886" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T14:32:11.773" Title="what is quality assurance?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-12-11T21:55:26.920" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-08T08:24:44.743" Score="1" ViewCount="645" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this problem with locating dynamic buttons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a search for ferries, and for example, outbound ferry is &lt;code&gt;selectedDetailsRadio_1_4_1&lt;/code&gt; and inbound is &lt;code&gt;selectedDetailsRadio_1_4_2&lt;/code&gt;. These are fine and easy to locate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, depending on the date the search can return several departures the same day, or economy/flex/business class selections. &#xA;Then the buttons change name to to &lt;code&gt;selectedDetailsRadio_1_5_1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;...1_6_1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;...1_7_1&lt;/code&gt;, (and for inbound: &lt;code&gt;1_5_2&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;1_6_2&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;1_7_2&lt;/code&gt;) and so on. And since &lt;code&gt;selectedDetailsRadio_1_4_1&lt;/code&gt; isn't on the page anymore, the test fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I need to wildcard the number which is dynamic and changes, I think, but I cannot figure out how. I've Googled for this, but all I can find is &lt;code&gt;starts-with&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; for testing, and since I need a single digit in the middle of the id to be wildcarded, I don't think &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; will do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone point me in the correct direction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Code example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;selectedDetailsRadio_1_5_2&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; onclick=&quot; enableDisable(1,'2','5');     changeSailing(1,'to 12 mars 2015 08:00','to 12 mars 2015 11:45','2015-03-12T08:00:00'); &quot;     value=&quot;1,5,2,&quot; title=&quot;1i5j2f08:00t&quot; name=&quot;Search/FerryInformation/SelectedDetailsRadio$1$&quot;     tabindex=&quot;18&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;timeFormattedDep_1_5_2&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;to 12 mars 2015 08:00&quot;     tabindex=&quot;19&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;timeFormattedArr_1_5_2&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;to 12 mars 2015 11:45&quot;     tabindex=&quot;20&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;milliSecsDep_1_5_2&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;1426143600000&quot; tabindex=&quot;21&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;milliSecsArr_1_5_2&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;1426157100000&quot; tabindex=&quot;22&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;outbound-economy1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;moneyAmount&quot;&amp;gt;1076&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;NOK&#xA;&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA;Flex&#xA;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9449" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2014-12-09T10:50:38.670" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T22:43:09.033" Title="Selenium: Problem locating dynamic buttons" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10461" CreationDate="2014-12-08T08:34:53.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have experienced the same thing. I believe that for some reason it stops executing Java scripts on the page once the focus to the browser is lost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My quick workaround was to create a Linux VM on my Mac, and do all the testing (and development) in it, because then the browser is always in focus, even when you do other stuff in the host OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9449" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T08:34:53.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10475" CreationDate="2014-12-08T08:55:51.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are no separate stage for QA. It is an activity of process and product quality improvement and QC it is a stage of checking and reporting about current quality level. &#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GNYf3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8546" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T08:55:51.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10481" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-08T12:10:52.660" Score="0" ViewCount="3664" Body="&lt;p&gt;pardon if i'm ask silly question. I'm newbie in automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My company re-develop a website with different programming language, but the owner give me task to test which userid and password are correct and can login in previous site, and will import the username and pasword to new system.&#xA;the problem is we only have access to previous system just the URL, not the website development server so cannot do anything back there. but i have to ensure that 20.648 rows of username and pasword are correct (i have the data). It's impossible just to think test login manually, then i think of automating login process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have solution of this, or if wanna start start from where to learn the automation process,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6948" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T13:19:37.220" Title="script to test auto login website" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10474" CreationDate="2014-12-08T12:24:24.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest answer is if your customer is telling you to do this, you do it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't provide what your customer wants, you run the risk of them telling you after you've developed the test that the results aren't valid because you've ignored their instructions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen this happen: a very simple load test had to incorporate a lot of business logic before the company would accept that the results were valid, because they didn't consider a result that didn't accurately simulate customer experience a valid result and believed the results of the load test were corrupted by invalid data (in this case it was &quot;they're not all going to buy the same product&quot; and &quot;some of them will log in, some won't&quot;, and &quot;they'll be in different departments&quot; and so forth).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give your customers what they ask for. The person who's paying for the service is always &quot;right&quot; in that they get what they pay for. If you can't convince the customer of the merits of your preferred approach, you, as the contractor/employee/person being paid need to do what they ask whether you think it's valid or not (although if you think there's a security issue, you would do well to ask them if they've arranged for security testing and strongly recommend that they do so if they haven't. That's simply due diligence).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T12:24:24.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10481" CreationDate="2014-12-08T12:33:05.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It sounds like you have the credentials of all your 20'648 customers available &lt;em&gt;in plain text&lt;/em&gt;. If you do I'd like to know the name of the company so I never ever do business with them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have a sensible login system the password is hashed and salted, so you &lt;strong&gt;cannot&lt;/strong&gt; test an arbitrary user login without an absolutely &lt;em&gt;giant&lt;/em&gt; amount of computing power to find a collision for the hash. The only way to test such a system is to create a test user in the old system, migrate the data, and test with its credentials on the new system (assuming both systems use the same hashing algorithm, otherwise everybody will have to create new passwords).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For automated browser testing in general the industry standard is currently &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;, which can run tests in any of several languages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastEditorUserId="951" LastEditDate="2014-12-08T12:38:56.327" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T12:38:56.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10474" CreationDate="2014-12-08T13:25:08.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that some validation is almost always needed. For example I have tested website where if the login failed then all subsequent requests get a 200-OK response, but every response body requests a username and password. Adding a simple verification that the response to the login contains &quot;login successful&quot; or something equivalent detects the login failure. Similarly, after sending a request corresponding to clicking a button it may be worth validating that the response contains text that shows the expected response page was shown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I recommend checking for basic functionality, namely that the correct page is shown or that the correct static text is shown. But I would not expect to check that the values shown on the pages are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T13:25:08.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10475" CreationDate="2014-12-08T15:24:20.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;A&quot; stands for &quot;Assistance&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. QA cannot &quot;assure&quot; quality - quality has to be build in into product by developers using processes, and QA provides info to management how these processes work, how improvements can be made, and what is quality status. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality cannot be bought, but has to be paid for.&lt;/strong&gt; It means that quality is not a commodity anyone can just buy on the market as needed but has to be &lt;strong&gt;build in&lt;/strong&gt; into your product during it's whole life cycle starting at design and project management, it cannot be slapped on the end before release by more testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To release or not to release (with currently known detected bugs, and possible unknown bugs) is business decision. Releasing crappy product might you lose future customers. Flawless product released 2 years too late means bankrupt company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T14:32:11.773" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T14:32:11.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10477" CreationDate="2014-12-08T16:12:28.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get list of all elements say by type, then loop over them, check the ID, and by some custom rules decide which one to pick. You have quite a mess on your hands, but do what you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T16:12:28.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10475" CreationDate="2014-12-08T17:30:02.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The terms can be confusing because of how they are normally used in the software business, where &quot;QA&quot; is typically synonymous with testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quality control&lt;/em&gt; is a statistical process.  In manufacturing, quality control might mean testing samples of the product as they come off the assembly line.  Software is not a manufacturing process, and quality control doesn't make a lot of sense in software.  (In particular, it does &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; mean testing some bug fixes but not others.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Quality assurance&lt;/em&gt; is a set of processes designed to promote quality.  For example, you could argue that using a change management system, a bug tracking system, requirements documents, and a test plan are all part of quality assurance.  In software, testing is part of quality assurance, but quality assurance includes other things too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-12-08T17:30:02.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10488" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-08T20:32:33.813" Score="5" ViewCount="648" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is related to this thread:&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5624/typical-software-tools-short-list-for-manual-qa-specialist-tester-working&quot;&gt;Typical software &amp;amp; tools short-list for *manual* QA specialist (tester) working environment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answers to this question seemed to be mostly/entirely from a Windows viewpoint.  My company develops a backup app for UNIX environments and I'm looking for a way to automate the testing of actions in the GUI interface.  Any ideas for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9202" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T01:08:53.210" Title="Tools for testing tcl GUI in Linux" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;unix&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10489" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-09T05:44:34.070" Score="1" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any tool available for Windows machine to check memory leaks in iOS Apps? I am using Instrument on Mac machine with the help of Developers to check memory leaks but would like to know if such tool is available for windows machines so that i can work independently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more question: On windows machine how to check Console of the iOS apps. Earlier I was using iPCU (iPhone Config Utility)tool for that but then found that this tool is contentiously crashing for iOS 7+ devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastEditorUserId="5333" LastEditDate="2014-12-09T05:54:38.307" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T05:54:38.307" Title="Any tool available for Windows machine to check memory leaks in iOS apps?" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-01-15T04:48:37.300" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10490" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-09T06:21:27.913" Score="1" ViewCount="1372" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried asking this on StackOverflow but unfortunately I couldn't find a solution to this there. Then I learned about SQA StackExchange so I thought I'd try here too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to write some test scripts which involves uploading a file via Chrome. I'm using Selenium's RemoteWebDriver in order to test the web application using Chrome on a Samsung Note 10 device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've managed to write the script up to the point of clicking on the file upload button which in turn bring up the file upload control asking me which type of file I'd like to upload. However since this is not a web control I can't interact with it using RemoteWebDriver. I tried to create a new instance of AppiumDriver but since an instance of RemoteWebDriver already exists I'm unable to create a new instance of AppiumDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyway I could go about this issue? I tried to cast RemoteWebDriver as a AppiumDriver (despite feeling that it wouldn't work) but it wasn't possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9455" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:41:34.263" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:41:34.263" Title="Is it possible to use Selenium's RemoteWebDriver and Appium's AppiumDriver in parallel?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10474" CreationDate="2014-12-09T09:17:58.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that the answer is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Yes&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;, load test should have checks for response validity. I.e. if you send bad username/password pair it is expected to get 401 or 403 HTTP response and JMeter shouldn't consider it as sampler failure. If response code is 200 but the response body doesn't contain &quot;bla-bla&quot; although shouldn't it also should indicate test failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If basing on response test should go this or that scenario it also needs to be implemented as load test needs to be as much realistic as possible, it isn't just hammering single page, it is close simulation of real user's behavior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I encourage you to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#If_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IF Controller&lt;/a&gt; to implement conditional test flow and &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Assertions&lt;/a&gt; to define pass or fail criteria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T09:17:58.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10493" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-12-09T12:11:19.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unix operating systems are used in major commercial and educational environments. Tools for testing in Unix systems are often different than Windows-based test tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details you can  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;click here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T20:34:23.503" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T20:34:23.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10494" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-12-09T12:11:19.983" Score="0" Body="Unix operating systems" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-09T12:11:19.983" LastActivityDate="2014-12-09T12:11:19.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10495" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-09T16:03:49.943" Score="2" ViewCount="322" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a web developer in a very small team(2 devs, one hardware), and I spend as much, if not more time testing applications(due to requirements issues) than the actual developing. To help with this, I've begun using SeleniumIDE and it has been great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I would like further gains. Would learning and moving to a headless testing process be worth it if I am working on fairly small-one person projects, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Note: I am the only one on my team with any knowledge of automated testing, and plan to do more Unit Testing for my code eventually. Also, I am responsible for the deployment and automation processes as a whole for my team, and we are a couple of hires away from having a tester or anyone to manage deployment.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9045" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T16:10:04.990" Title="Are the gains going from Selenium IDE to headless worth it on small projects" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10496" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-10T05:56:06.523" Score="0" ViewCount="2058" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any shortcut way where I can bring my virtual machine back to the new original state. I don’t want to create a new virtual machine, instead I want to revert my machine back to factory defaults. Basically I want to do this for my Ubuntu VM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9466" LastEditorUserId="7340" LastEditDate="2015-06-04T20:54:35.607" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T20:54:35.607" Title="How to revert a virtual machine back to original state" Tags="&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2014-12-11T21:55:10.733" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10496" CreationDate="2014-12-10T08:30:34.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most virtualization software supports &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snapshot_%28computer_storage%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;snapshots&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A snapshot is the state of a system at a particular point in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The free/open-source &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virtualbox&lt;/a&gt; supports &lt;a href=&quot;https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&amp;amp;t=20810&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;snapshot creation and restoring from the command line&lt;/a&gt;. Also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vmware.com/products/workstation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VMWare Workstation&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vmware.com/support/ws55/doc/ws_learning_cli_vmrun.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;supports snapshots from the commandline&lt;/a&gt; with the &lt;em&gt;revertToSnapshot&lt;/em&gt; option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows you to create a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch_file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;batch&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;shell&lt;/a&gt; script which you could trigger/run to restore the VM to a certain point in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that a snapshotted machine will be somewhat slower since it has to keep track of all changes made to the disk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-12-10T08:30:34.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10490" CreationDate="2014-12-10T14:12:42.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, I found documentation for Appium that shows how to automate Chrome.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/writing-running-appium/mobile-web.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is the link to the documentation.  And here are the desired capabilities to send when you're starting the session:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_VERSION, &quot;4.4&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, &quot;Android Emulator&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, &quot;Chrome&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you set up your session like this you can use Appium with regular HTML controls in a Chrome session.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastEditorUserId="2442" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T14:07:07.353" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T14:07:07.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10456" CreationDate="2014-12-10T15:28:57.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question comes up from time to time. You may find the answers given in this post of tremendous help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3/what-are-key-properties-of-a-great-qa-team-member/&quot;&gt;What are the key properties of a great QA team member?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be hard for anyone to suggest programs to you unless we know more of your testing environment. Although it may change in the future, we use no automation on our testing team. If I were to learn any programs it would be the basics of what the developers code in so I can better understand the constraints they have to work within.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I could tell you 1 thing that you need to know, it would be to stay curious. There will be naysayers who will shoot down what you think is important to the quality of the product. Don't be discourage; stay curious in spite of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T13:08:40.357" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:08:40.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10500" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="10502" CreationDate="2014-12-10T16:25:45.267" Score="3" ViewCount="915" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read a lot about Fitnesse over the last week. From what I have heard, Fitnesse is commonly used as an acceptance testing tool that relies on a set of integration tests, as mentioned at &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B001QL5N4K&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/a&gt; and some other books and pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am serching for a tool that allows business people to create their own set of acceptance tests that will or will not be automated by our QA Team. The big issue here is that we do not have all the means to do integration testing right now, as we are lacking people and resources to do so. Bu we do have a QA team that does automated system testing using selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is: is it possible do combine Fitnesse and Selenium to test a web application the same way we do with our automated system testing (I mean, by using the user interface to execute the test)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that there are plugins and stuff that allows both Fitnesse and Selenium to work togheter, but I want to know if this is a valid approach and if it is usual at the QA world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6211" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T12:52:22.767" Title="Is Fitnesse only used as a acceptance test tool based on integration testing?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10500" CreationDate="2014-12-10T19:57:38.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems that you want to have a tool which can translate requirements/test cases (written by business people with no experience in programming) into executable code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our practice FitNesse is not that tool. We started with FitNesse, and keep maintaining existing tests and even adding new when feasible, but these tests are written by developers, not business people. For them, we use formalized process (series of meetings and rules, not a software product) which requires business people to write documents with requirements and test cases (described in business terms), and developers/QA translate these into scripts for manual testing, or automated test, or unit tests, as appropriate. Important part is to communicate to disclose any misunderstanding and omissions, not to automagically translate document written in business language into code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FitNesse language, even if user-oriented, is way too quirky and confusing for people without programming experience. And it is more hassle to write test in it than using plain old Python and Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&#xA;Selenium gives you &quot;open browser, click on stuff, check stuff&quot; capability. FitNesse is another way to do it (and present results in Fit), using HTML generated from Selenium IDE. What you are looking for is (I think) test runner, like Jenkins, to run test written in Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that there is confusion what Selenium is, caused by complete redesign of what Selenium is :-) (I know I was confused). Very roughly: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium 1 was IDE (capable of generating HTML which FitNesse could execute) + javascript injected to tested HTML pages to interact with pages (&quot;click, check&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium 2 does &quot;click, check&quot; by using each browser native automation capabilities (when browser responds to specially crafted URLs). Se2 does not inject any JS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenese code generated by IDE (Se1) was pretty weak (no parameters, no loops - just exact replay of previous actions), so i.e. you cannot enter current date or date 2 days from now if page did not have a widget to do that. Se2 code is standard language (Python, Java, ++) you already know and love, easier to scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I do not see any reason to consider FitNesse. &lt;a href=&quot;http://ericlefevre.net/wordpress/2009/03/06/is-fit-dead-a-debate-on-twitter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fit is considered dead by own authors&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/2010/03/01/are-tools-necessary-for-acceptance-testing-or-are-they-just-evil/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;important part is the communication, not tools&lt;/a&gt; but of course it is your system and your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2014-12-11T16:01:45.917" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T16:01:45.917" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="10504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2014-12-10T23:15:33.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just replaced our Gmail-based tests with a tool called Inbucket (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.inbucket.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.inbucket.org/&lt;/a&gt;) and just query its REST API to check the email contents. It works pretty well so far. If you use c#, it's pretty simple to create a small class to query the API using RestSharp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9464" LastActivityDate="2014-12-10T23:15:33.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11505" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-11T10:10:28.747" Score="0" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone advise what types of testing needs to be done for private clouds.&#xA;the private cloud is basically used for data storage were the admin has control over the private cloud. User are granted permission by the admin.Used for small business, collages, students. It more of a personal cloud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9466" LastEditorUserId="9466" LastEditDate="2014-12-11T10:37:28.577" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T14:37:08.077" Title="What are the basic things to be tested when testing private clouds" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10496" CreationDate="2014-12-11T10:17:53.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend you take a look at Vagrant - &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/&lt;/a&gt;. Tearing down a VM is as simple as running 'vagrant destroy' from the command line. When you're ready to bring it back up, you can re-provision with 'vagrant up' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10476" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T10:17:53.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-11T10:33:06.713" Score="0" ViewCount="1335" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem closing a Fancybox using selenium Webdriver. On the fancy-box is a big &quot;X&quot; located for closing it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ewKbX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ewKbX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the source code of the &quot;X&quot; closing Element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:;&quot; class=&quot;fancybox-item fancybox-close&quot; title=&quot;Close&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried this but without success:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;fancybox-item fancybox-close&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: please see snapshot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10477" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-08-26T07:24:21.197" LastActivityDate="2019-08-26T07:24:21.197" Title="I can't close Fancybox using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11508" CreationDate="2014-12-11T10:44:33.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First thing to check is for duplicate elements on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debug your code and ensure that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;fancybox-item fancybox-close&quot;)).size()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;evaluates to 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often times, if Selenium doesn't complain when you do a &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt; but the action you expect doesn't happen, you'll find that there is more than one element matching your &lt;code&gt;Find.By&lt;/code&gt; and WD has clicked the wrong one. If you find that it evaluates to &gt;1, you'll need to write a more specific selector&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10476" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T04:34:18.783" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T04:34:18.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2014-12-11T14:45:48.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;GMail has official JAVA API. Here is your bag: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/quickstart/quickstart-java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/quickstart/quickstart-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T14:45:48.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11508" CreationDate="2014-12-11T21:53:41.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use fancybox on our site, and it is usually inside of an iFrame (at least with our implementation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to find and interact with elements inside an iFrame, you have to switch your driver to the frame first.  Here's a simple implementation in c#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var iframe = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;youriframeselector&quot;);&#xA;driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);&#xA;//find and click the x...&#xA;Driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2014-12-11T21:53:41.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-12T00:21:56.573" Score="7" ViewCount="4469" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to run Webdriver tests with altered time and time zone.&#xA;I see two approaches ahead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; Using a mocking library like SinonJS or TimeShift.js.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; Using system libraries like libfaketime/faketime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the former might be &quot;cleaner&quot; I also doubt it is usable at all&#xA;with webdriver, as I do not see a way to actually inject a mocked&#xA;DateTime object into a webdriver test. (In my understanding just creating&#xA;a mocked DateTime Object from a JavaScript file would not alter the real -global- one still allowing the browser to access the real JavaScript DateTime routine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the latter approach I am not sure either, whether one could limit the system-wide fake time to JavaScript processes only to not mess up things like time stamps in logs or server synchronization. Further I did not found any way to change the time zone in the respective documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody share their experience with mocking browser time in Selenium tests?&#xA;Is there any good solution to what I am looking for? Can you in that case sketch the implementation steps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sinonjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sinonjs.org/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/plaa/TimeShift-js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/plaa/TimeShift-js&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10486" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T11:26:43.667" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T17:11:41.907" Title="What Is the Best Way To Mock Browser Time and Time Zone in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-03T16:58:51.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11515" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11737" CreationDate="2014-12-12T08:28:06.443" Score="0" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find out how to build (compile, prepare, process ...) an app for Seetest, so that it can be tested on devices without adding them to the Apple Developer Portal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know how to build an app that will be run on registered devices, but Seetest also claims to support unregistered devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide some steps or a proper documentation,&#xA;Tx!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9376" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T07:01:08.663" Title="How to build iOS app for Seetest" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11516" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-12T09:38:44.377" Score="6" ViewCount="716" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm searching for (a) tool(s) to write and execute automatic GUI testing of Windows 7 applications written with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guptatechnologies.com/Products/App_Dev/TeamDeveloper/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gupta Team Developer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We got &quot;QTP&quot; here but its main problem is that it can't identify GUIs and elements constantly, so that written tests have to be rewritten every time the version changes as the GUI gets new Window IDs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does anyone know other tools for this? Gupta application MUST be supported!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:14:27.013" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T07:18:35.370" Title="Tool for automatic GUI testing of Gupta Windows applications?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9406" CreationDate="2014-12-12T17:18:24.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the above answer solves your question, but in case you want to read some basic stuff related to interview questions then please go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.com/2009/04/software-testing-interview-questions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Testing Interview Questions&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;It has some 20 pages with lots of fantastic answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2014-12-12T17:18:24.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11519" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-13T12:04:20.760" Score="3" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test case needs 5 mins of wait. During these 5 mins I want to run other test cases.&#xA;After 5 mins I want to check the necessary condition of 1st test case which is on hold for last 5 mins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to implement this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For ex:&#xA;Steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run 1st testcase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the middle of 1st test case it needs to wait for recurring payment for 5 mins.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During these 5 mins I want to run other testcases, like test2, test3, etc..&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After 5 min I want to check whether the recurring payment was received or not in 1st testcase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T11:52:28.900" LastActivityDate="2015-01-17T16:30:19.047" Title="A test case needs 5 mins of wait. During these 5 mins I want to run other test cases" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11520" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-13T17:06:09.257" Score="1" ViewCount="1570" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium WebDriver I'm not able to click on update profile picture in Facebook. The html snippet is:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_156p&quot;&amp;gt;Update Profile Picture&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I locate the element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10495" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T11:59:01.267" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T17:41:46.130" Title="Facebook updating profile picture using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11522" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11530" CreationDate="2014-12-14T11:36:12.890" Score="1" ViewCount="10790" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does pageload timeout in selenium webdriver work? Once set using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what is lifetime of the timeout?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9151" LastEditorUserId="77" LastEditDate="2014-12-25T01:47:49.487" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T17:20:21.550" Title="Working of pageloadTimeout in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8156" CreationDate="2014-12-14T13:50:10.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that for finding good or more bugs you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;need to understand the functionality in-depth, in a way you should be aware of all the ins and outs of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;domain knowledge is also of utmost importance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try attacking the application with incorrect data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stress test the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run negative tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more examples you can go through &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.com/2014/02/finding-bugs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Finding Bugs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastEditorUserId="10493" LastEditDate="2014-12-14T15:26:54.523" LastActivityDate="2014-12-14T15:26:54.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11524" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-14T16:16:22.080" Score="1" ViewCount="547" Body="&lt;p&gt;I asked this question on the stackoverflow site:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27469850/has-client-side-javascript-unit-testing-gotten-lost&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27469850/has-client-side-javascript-unit-testing-gotten-lost&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;...but I think it's a little to open ended. So instead...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Does it make sense to unit test client-side Javascript outside of the browser environment?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few notes to inform readers:&#xA;1. I am not saying remove the browser from all testing procedures, just unit testing specifically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I know about using Node testing frameworks with Jsdom and am not looking for a framework suggestion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know what people think about unit testing outside of the browser. My main concerns for unit testing using a browser are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's slower. This leads to longer feedback loops, devs will run the tests less often and discourages the use of tdd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Incorporating the DOM is a part of integration testing, right?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Setting up a test environment in a browser can be a pain in the rear. E.g. loading modules and tests, keeping the dom clean, worrying about side effects like XHR, localStorage, cookies etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It confuses what we are actually testing at the unit layer. E.g. Am I testing this view renders the elements I'm expecting or am I testing this view renders when I'm expecting it to?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing in the browser is important but isn't that the responsibility of integration/functional tests? It makes more sense to me to run unit tests outside of the browser, mock/stub all side effects such as the DOM, XHR etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To repeat my question: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Does it make sense to unit test client-side Javascript outside of the browser environment?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feedback is appreciated, just looking for some clarity, thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10499" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-12-14T18:21:10.530" Title="Unit testing client-side Javascript without the browser" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11524" CreationDate="2014-12-14T18:21:10.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it does, and even if we (our company) don't do it currently, we are working towards it as a goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way (to gain speed) is use PhantomJS - headless browser (it executes all commands but does not paint screen unless you want a snapshot). This might, or might not, count as &quot;browser environment&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to use advanced JS framework like Angular, and use Karma to unit-test components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-12-14T18:21:10.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11522" CreationDate="2014-12-15T03:42:30.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The default &lt;code&gt;pageLoadTimeout()&lt;/code&gt; is a member of &lt;code&gt;Timeouts&lt;/code&gt; interface which is set to never in wevdriver according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2606/what-is-seleniums-default-timeout-for-page-loading&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;. But, it is possible to overwrite. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.Timeouts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8398" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T03:42:30.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9134" CreationDate="2014-12-15T06:31:36.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can pass the driver as argument to the methods , so no need to re create them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10502" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T06:31:36.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11529" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-15T07:03:36.407" Score="5" ViewCount="9940" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running test cases on firefox and chrome browsers, it worked fine for me using selenium webdriver. But when it comes to using IE versions(9-11)-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. I'm getting below mentioned &lt;strong&gt;error&lt;/strong&gt; messages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to find element with class name == tradeMenu (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 120.08 seconds&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. Can not click the option of the element. etc.&#xA; I am using below config files in selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;latest selenium API (2.44)&#xA;IE driver server for 32 bits, windows7&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. ECLIPSE IDE 4.4.1 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thing is its working well with other browsers but getting so many same kind of issues with IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note: I set all the prerequisites for IE 9 like setting up all the internet zones to same level, zoom level, environment variables etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me if you have any resolution for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T10:51:15.140" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T11:24:44.663" Title="IE not executing test case properly in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11522" CreationDate="2014-12-15T10:14:56.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts()&lt;/code&gt; value lives till the instance of the driver is alive, be it the default value or a custom value set by the user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer your question- Once you set a &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout()&lt;/code&gt; value it will remain constant throughout the lifetime of your driver instance. If you want to change the value you will have to reset it.&#xA;Brief explanations on the waits &lt;a href=&quot;http://assertselenium.com/2013/01/29/webdriver-wait-commands/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T10:14:56.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10429" CreationDate="2014-12-15T10:21:12.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Collect all info about your work before starting it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assign two roles to yourself first as the one who is inspecting the work , other as the one who is doing the work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep on asking the questions to yourself and try to use your past experiences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to concentrate on the work &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="6797" LastEditDate="2017-12-04T08:08:51.117" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T08:08:51.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10456" CreationDate="2014-12-15T12:35:28.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have till date only worked with Web Applications and there is this idea/method I use which I think can be generalized:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;At some point during the testing I envision myself as a little kid.&lt;/strong&gt; Kids are impatient, greedy and want everything all at once(this is not a judgement. I have a wonderful little nephew whom I love to pieces). I try to do the same. I go where I am not supposed to. Do what I am not supposed to. Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different organizations have different QA processes. Different levels of communication between the QAs-devs-higher ups. Different time boundaries(often tight). With so many activities taking place, every person involved is often bombarded by information(relevant/irrelevant). So much so that you stop looking at the Application as a purposeful tool and start seeing a collection of UI elements coupled with complex code execution in the background. This often warps your mind, in the sense that the devs and the QAs start performing their tasks with certain assumptions. Something like- &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;Oh a user will never click on this button.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; or  &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;It is clear that doing so and so on the application doesn't make any sense. A user will never do it.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I click that button. I do the &amp;quot;so and so that doesn't make any sense&amp;quot;. I work with the simple rule:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If an option is present, use it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say that I have ever found critical bugs that helped save a lot of time and money and often reporting bugs found this way put the dev(who have to deal with their own brand of corporate BS) and myself at loggerheads, I feel it is my duty as a QA to do this. Any changes introduced in a system this way always make me a little proud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7560" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T12:35:28.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11533" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-15T13:28:50.457" Score="2" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I try to change status from In progress to Watchlist but it tells me that I don't have permission to go in that order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10508" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T19:00:47.530" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T09:46:57.030" Title="How to change issue status from &quot;In progress&quot; to &quot;Watchlist&quot;?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11534" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11670" CreationDate="2014-12-15T16:53:58.840" Score="1" ViewCount="8195" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get Chromedriver to work with my cucumber BDD/watir-webdriver setup. &#xA;1) Cucumber+ firefox: works fine&#xA;2) irb + chromedriver: works fine&#xA;3) cucumber + chromedriver : doesn't work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the setup I have:&#xA;Mac OSX: 10.9.5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;chromedriver location:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ which chromedriver&#xA;/usr/local/bin/chromedriver&#xA;$ ls -lart /usr/local/bin/chromedriver&#xA;lrwxr-xr-x  1 user  admin  44 Dec 11 18:08 /usr/local/bin/chromedriver -&amp;gt; ../Cellar/chromedriver/2.12/bin/chromedriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my env.rb entries for chrome and firefox (firefox works):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;case ENV['BROWSER']&#xA;  when 'chrome'&#xA;    browser = Watir::Browser.new :chrome&#xA;  when 'firefox'&#xA;    browser = Watir::Browser.new :firefox&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;command line I use to run tests, from project directory: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;cucumber features&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Unable to find the chromedriver executable. Please download the server from http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html and place it somewhere on your PATH. More info at http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver. (Selenium::WebDriver::Error::WebDriverError)&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.44.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/chrome/service.rb:20:in `executable_path'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.44.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/chrome/service.rb:31:in `default_service'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.44.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/chrome/bridge.rb:14:in `initialize'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.44.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/driver.rb:37:in `new'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.44.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/driver.rb:37:in `for'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.44.0/lib/selenium/webdriver.rb:67:in `for'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/watir-webdriver-0.6.11/lib/watir-webdriver/browser.rb:46:in `initialize'&#xA;/Users/user/Projects/new_nuvotv_automation/features/support/env.rb:57:in `new'&#xA;/Users/user/Projects/new_nuvotv_automation/features/support/env.rb:57:in `&amp;lt;top (required)&amp;gt;'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:95:in `load'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:95:in `load_code_file'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:180:in `load_file'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `block in load_files!'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `each'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `load_files!'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:184:in `load_step_definitions'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:42:in `run!'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:47:in `execute!'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/cucumber-1.3.17/bin/cucumber:13:in `&amp;lt;top (required)&amp;gt;'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/bin/cucumber:23:in `load'&#xA;/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/bin/cucumber:23:in `&amp;lt;top (required)&amp;gt;'&#xA;-e:1:in `load'&#xA;-e:1:in `&amp;lt;main&amp;gt;'&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Process finished with exit code 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also done the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I added the chromedriver binary to a directory in the test suite&#xA;project, then added the path to the binary, to the LOAD PATH; didn't&#xA;fix the issue &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;added the chromedriver path to the env.rb by adding&#xA;the following: &lt;code&gt;Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome.path = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also didn't work, with exactly the same error above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10510" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T19:00:11.340" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T11:34:54.510" Title="Cucumber not finding chromedriver" Tags="&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6801" CreationDate="2014-12-15T18:08:49.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a primary means of testing at my company.  We have a couple of dedicated servers that have 'clean' installations of all major versions we support.  For us it was easier to just install the OS ourselves then snapshot the VM.  That way someone can get on, screw around with whatever they need to, and then just destroy the VM and refresh it from the snapshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally my preferred hypervisor is KVM.  It's free, fairly lean, and really easy to use.  Virtualbox seems to have a lot more overhead and I have more compatibility issues at the hardware layer.  Additionally, KVM is really easy to script using the 'virsh' commands so we've created custom scripts that will automatically spin up a box, give it correct IP information, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's a great solution for Linux testing.  (And now KVM is even available on Power hardware.)  As far as AIX and Solaris, our other two platforms, those are trickier.  Ldoms and Lpars are kind of a pain in the butt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9202" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T18:08:49.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11536" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-15T18:14:58.180" Score="2" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our software does bare metal recovery of servers, which essentially requires a boot disk to start the process and grab the original image off of the backup server.  While we can automate testing of a lot of the backup procedures, I have yet to find a way to test the restore procedures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our restore process runs in ncurses.  On a physical machine I can't think of any easy way to test this process, but what about in a VM?  Is there anything that could run on the host machine and simulate keyboard presses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9202" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T10:37:49.653" Title="automated testing of OS installer (i.e. bare metal testing)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unix&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11538" CreationDate="2014-12-15T18:19:46.100" Score="3" ViewCount="13347" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, if I am on a product selection page, I would like to select all the elements that aren't sold out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;item sold-out&quot;&amp;gt;Item One - Sold Out&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&amp;gt;Item Two&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;item sold-out&quot;&amp;gt;Item Three - Sold Out&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;item&quot;&amp;gt;Item Four&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to write a selector that will only grab items two and four&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T05:40:20.100" Title="Selenium find all elements without a class" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11537" CreationDate="2014-12-15T18:44:49.980" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &quot;&lt;code&gt;not&lt;/code&gt;&quot; pseudo-class in a &lt;strong&gt;CSS selector&lt;/strong&gt; like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div.item:not(.sold-out)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T05:40:20.100" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T05:40:20.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11537" CreationDate="2014-12-15T18:49:41.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what language you're using, but in Python it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//div[@class=&quot;item&quot;]')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastEditorUserId="9235" LastEditDate="2014-12-15T23:22:40.843" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T23:22:40.843" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11540" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11542" CreationDate="2014-12-15T19:35:06.193" Score="1" ViewCount="17199" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone could help me find a way to output to the Eclipse console the results returned from executing a Javascript ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the steps I manually perform (that I would like to automate):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open test web page. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Google chrome Javascript console &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type &quot;productObj.mainURL&quot; and enter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will output to the Chrome Javascript console the URL value/attribute that I'm looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've done a fair bit of research on my own, and I am stumped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried the code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;String mainURL = (String) js.executeScript(&quot;productObj.mainURL&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(mainURL);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But all I get returned is a &quot;null&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help please? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9284" LastActivityDate="2019-07-25T05:18:58.523" Title="How to output result of Javascript execution to console?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10477" CreationDate="2014-12-15T22:09:41.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Twaldigas said, use contains in an xpath query to find all elements with 'selectedDetailsRadio' in the input id, then iterate through the results. You can analyze the numbers in the id either using string indices or regex. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastActivityDate="2014-12-15T22:09:41.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11540" CreationDate="2014-12-16T01:45:01.033" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to tell it to return the value.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change this line: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String mainURL = (String) js.executeScript(&quot;productObj.mainURL&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String mainURL = (String) js.executeScript(&quot;return productObj.mainURL&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T01:45:01.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11520" CreationDate="2014-12-16T06:51:33.130" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can identify element using XPATH by utilizing display text as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[text()='Update Profile Picture']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8703" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T06:51:33.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11544" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11548" CreationDate="2014-12-16T07:10:49.037" Score="0" ViewCount="399" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can i extract data out of software (trading platform) in real-time and save it so that it can be analyzed later?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do i need some kind of API ? What is an API exactly (i'm not very clear on it) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to know the programmer of the software (trading platform) to get that API ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plz, suggest some literature to get me started too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10515" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T18:47:36.333" Title="How can i extract data out of software?" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7147" CreationDate="2014-12-16T10:01:16.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;MultiScreenShot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found following useful link in Github for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/MultiScreenShot/MultiScreenShot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Multiscreenshot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10519" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-12-16T13:44:50.163" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T13:44:50.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11546" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-16T11:00:24.203" Score="3" ViewCount="8343" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we get options of a dropdown in Selenium Webdriver the following way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt; Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(dropDownId)));&#xA; List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = dropdown.getOptions();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is order of elements in the list returned by &lt;code&gt;getOptions( )&lt;/code&gt; method?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I want to have the elements in the order they appear in the Dropdown. Does it happens that way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9151" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T08:06:54.127" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T07:29:55.437" Title="Order in which options are returned by getOptions() in Dropdown box(Select Class) in Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11544" CreationDate="2014-12-16T11:35:38.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;API stands for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Application programming interface&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In computer programming, an application programming interface (API) is a set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some programs have an API which you can use to write software against, you can then utilize predefined functions available in the platform. I would guess a trading platform would have an API to retrieve data and or to place orders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often the API is clearly documented with examples how to use it. The supplier delivers the needed information normally. Thus YES you need to contact the developers of the API to find how it works and what features it supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this &lt;a href=&quot;https://gigaom.com/2010/10/29/using-apis-not-quite-as-hard-as-it-looks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; about an example API and its usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T11:35:38.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11544" CreationDate="2014-12-16T12:00:56.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can i extract data out of software (trading platform) in real-time and save it so that it can be analyzed later?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use API or output logs if software provides it actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do i need some kind of API?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be great (and again if such API available)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is an API exactly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;programming interface for communication with target software (as Niels mentioned)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do I need to know the programmer of the software (trading platform) to get that API ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should get documentation about API for target software and if it's not available you should ask about that from developers of target software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T12:00:56.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11544" CreationDate="2014-12-16T14:29:40.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wasn't going to submit an answer since the other answers are pretty much dead on. I just felt like they lacked something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;API&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An API is essentially a way for a piece of software to transmit data to another piece of software without any issues. There are multiple different types of APIs and there is a lot more APIs than you likely realize. Personally, I believe most every functional piece of software should be powered by or have an API of some sort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RESTful APIs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RESTful APIs use HTTP requests (GET,POST etc) in order to transmit and recieve data. They are a newer version of APIs and typically use JSON as their formatting. These APIs are extremely quick and simply intake a request and submits a response. These APIs can sometimes include what is called a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Application_Description_Language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WADL&lt;/a&gt;. A WADL will be consumed and allows the user to more easily interact with the API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Services_Description_Language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WSDL based API&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A WSDL based API uses XML to interact with another system. These APIs are slowly being phased out for public facing systems since they typically have a higher overhead, require larger packets and consume more resources. I have yet to see much of a drop in popularity in back-end based systems though. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interacting with your API&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the type of API, the first step is to consume the web service if the developer provided a WSDL or WADL. The easiest way to perform such a task, especially for testing, is to use a tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;. If there is no WSDL or WADL provided, for REST based APIs it will create the request based on the URLs. After that you can interact with the API by transmitting data and receiving the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For further information on SoapUI please feel free to google search and if you still have any specific questions, ask a new question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have an understanding of your API, the expected results and know what is supposed to be input and the expected output the fun can begin. I will stick with a WSDL based API and assume C#. Java is rather simple to use as well though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In C# with VS you can use what is called &quot;Add Service Reference&quot; to interact with an API. After that, put in the URL to your WSDL and all of the functions are magically created. Make the calls that you need to make to the API and the data that you need will be in the response. Parse it how you need it to be done and your application now interacts with the API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The point of an API is simplicity and flexibility&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are designed to allow another system to interact with the system that is running it. They are usually designed to be language agnostic and should be easily consumable and easy to interact with. Using a tool like SoapUI will help you a lot along the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-12-16T18:47:36.333" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T18:47:36.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11546" CreationDate="2014-12-16T15:11:38.750" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used the &lt;code&gt;getOptions()&lt;/code&gt; function before, but with every other &lt;code&gt;find&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;get&lt;/code&gt; function I've used in Selenium, the objects are returned in the order in which they appear in the page source. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, why don't you just test it by tweaking your code to display the text of the elements, and see if they are in the same order you see in the browser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T15:11:38.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11529" CreationDate="2014-12-16T15:22:24.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A couple thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drivers may render pages differently depending on window size. If IE is broken using the same window size, try maximizing the browser window. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You didn't say whether you actually checked the page source in your IE test to confirm that the element it claims to not be able to find is actually there. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In AJAX-heavy pages, I've seen different drivers handle sub-elements very differently, especially if they're &quot;hidden&quot; in some way. I have gone so far as to build action chains that hover over or click on each and every godforsaken child element all the way down to what I'm looking for, just to make sure that what I'm trying to get at is exposed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastEditorUserId="9235" LastEditDate="2014-12-16T19:58:46.820" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T19:58:46.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10075" CreationDate="2014-12-16T15:32:41.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Checkbox%20Should%20Be%20Selected&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Checkbox Should Be Selected&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Checkbox%20Should%20Not%20Be%20Selected&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Checkbox Should Not Be Selected&lt;/a&gt;&quot; keywords for that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't expect a specific value (selected/not selected), then use the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/libraries/BuiltIn.html#Run%20Keyword%20And%20Return%20Status&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Run Keyword and return status&lt;/a&gt;&quot; which &quot;two values, so that the first is either 'PASS' or 'FAIL', depending on the status of the executed keyword&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5352" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T15:32:41.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3238" CreationDate="2014-12-16T16:44:07.453" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a beginner, you most importantly should have the desire to excel as a tester. You should be self motivated. You should be mad about testing. You should not feel discouraged with one or two (or more) failures in the beginning   because you and only you can do this, nobody can drag or force you into it, if you start disliking it after say wetting your feet….&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as skills go I believe that basic skills like familiarity with software (which I think you have as you have written that you can be a good web developer), some basic SQL skills…some testing concepts etc.. as in the beginning (as a fresher) you should start testing the application by fully understanding it…once you start like this I believe that with the right attitude you can go a long way…  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2014-12-16T16:44:07.453" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-12-16T16:44:07.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3238" CreationDate="2014-12-16T18:02:46.707" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Getting your 'feet wet' with QA&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yeah, let's do that. Because every team wants to hire someone who doesn't want to be there? (Sarcasm not directed towards you) This is a growing pandemic in the QA world. As an SDET/Automation/QA I have to justify at every interview why I am still in QA and not a developer. The bottom line is that I &lt;strong&gt;LOVE&lt;/strong&gt; my job. QA is fun! It is a lot faster-paced, more critical and a lot more freedom than Development. Why get your 'feet wet' for development when you can just be in QA and love your job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;What do you need to be good at QA&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pride in your work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analytic mindset&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Curiosity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to research&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to multitask and adapt to a constantly changing environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Communication&lt;/strong&gt; Verbal and Written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Planning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diplomacy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thoroughness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thick skin (Ability to accept that it's your fault for everything)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thorough understanding of the SDLC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to communicate Technical Details in layman's terms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Many many more (please feel free to edit to add more)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Why do you need so much?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because regardless of what many people outside of the QA world might think, this job is not just a gatekeeper position. The people who excel in QA tend to be the people who ultimately run the show at their company. They fix the requirements, they explain the defects, they find the root causes of issues, they advise the developers on how to fix them and they advise the business on whether or not to release. They (should) know every part of their system better than anyone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:35:09.227" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:35:09.227" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2014-12-16T18:02:46.707" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1216" CreationDate="2014-12-17T05:44:56.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Smoke testing is normal health check up of a build before starting the in-depth testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sanity testing is to verify whether requirements are met or not, checking all features breadth-first. Depth of sanity testing is more than smoke testing. Sanity testing helps in identifying whether the test case results are consistent or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people consider both smoke and sanity testing as same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other books which discuss the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Testing by Limaye &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;STRUCTURED SOFTWARE TESTING by Arunkumar&#xA;Khannur &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Testing: Principles and Practice by Srinivasan&#xA;Desikan, Gopalaswamy Ramesh&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.com/2010/11/regression-smoke-sanity-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regression / Smoke / Sanity&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T05:44:56.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11546" CreationDate="2014-12-17T07:09:02.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically &lt;code&gt;getoptions()&lt;/code&gt; returns &lt;strong&gt;All&lt;/strong&gt; options belonging to your select tag. It finds value in sequence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if we have array in java then when array display value from index 0 to end of array. In same way &lt;code&gt;getoptions()&lt;/code&gt; starts to get value from 1st select and goes till last value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T04:04:29.567" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T04:04:29.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11560" CreationDate="2014-12-17T08:28:15.373" Score="0" ViewCount="18383" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting following error when run my selenium webdriver progarm using testNG:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; org.testng.TestNGException: &#xA; Cannot find class in classpath: testng&#xA;at org.testng.xml.XmlClass.loadClass(XmlClass.java:81)&#xA;at org.testng.xml.XmlClass.init(XmlClass.java:73)&#xA;at org.testng.xml.XmlClass.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(XmlClass.java:59)&#xA;at org.testng.xml.TestNGContentHandler.startElement(TestNGContentHandler.java:543)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractXMLDocumentParser.emptyElement(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.emptyElement(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)&#xA;at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl.parse(Unknown Source)&#xA;at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)&#xA;at org.testng.xml.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:39)&#xA;at org.testng.xml.SuiteXmlParser.parse(SuiteXmlParser.java:17)&#xA;at org.testng.xml.SuiteXmlParser.parse(SuiteXmlParser.java:10)&#xA;at org.testng.xml.Parser.parse(Parser.java:168)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.initializeSuitesAndJarFile(TestNG.java:311)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:88)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:204)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:175)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help how can I solve it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T20:03:04.747" Title="Running my first program using TestNG and getting error" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11559" CreationDate="2014-12-17T09:14:15.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solved Error. I was missing main class of java so it was giving me error. Just added main class and then program runs successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T09:14:15.027" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11529" CreationDate="2014-12-17T09:15:40.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Friends, i got the resolution .To get rid this problem we can have following code required in our code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities caps = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;ignoreZoomSetting&quot;, true);&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;nativeEvents&quot;,false);&#xA;driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(caps);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that we all are keeping the minimal requirement in executing IE browser right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It helped me in my case hope this will be working for yours too.&#xA;Do update if it works here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-01-02T16:06:01.287" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T16:06:01.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-17T09:57:09.897" Score="1" ViewCount="1005" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing &lt;strong&gt;LDAP&lt;/strong&gt; and trying to check the LDAP Security - LDAP Injection is an attack used to exploit web based applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input - so i want Cheat Sheet for LDAP or methods to inject LDAP to break login page and pass the authentication level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2016-04-07T10:02:52.787" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T23:59:07.820" Title="LDAP Injection Tutorials" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11565" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-17T14:59:20.790" Score="0" ViewCount="624" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few test environments where the new stuff deployed by hand and/or Release Manager. Beside these I have a different machine (test agent installed and it is hooked up to Test Manager) where I execute the automated test cases the. So, the environments under test and the environment where I execute the test cases are not the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The environment settings (db, user, url, etc.) are stored in the test project's web.config file. The problem I have now is that I have to make change in the web.config and check it in to TFS and wait for another build to run, etc. It is not comfortable and not effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other way to define the environments against which I would like to run my automated test cases and not creating new builds unnecessary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any help in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T17:34:04.033" Title="How to configure TFS test plan to run automated UI tests against different environments" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8811" CreationDate="2014-12-17T15:32:11.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend you to move your Selenium version and drivers for your other browsers (IE,Chrome) to the latest version. So far 2.44. Verify Selenium and drivers from browsers are same version and also check according to your US (32 bits, 64 bits) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10534" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T15:32:11.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11567" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-17T16:38:57.370" Score="3" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working on a folder synchronization tool which synchronizes the content of a specific folder with a remote cloud storage provider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to test the robustness of the client, I need a tool which generates random (but repeatable) file system operations (create file, modify file, delete file/folder, move file/folder, rename file/folder, etc.) in a way as similar as possible to the behavior of a real user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first idea that came to my mind was to create such a tool on my own. However, I'm wondering if I can find something that can make me save some time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know any tool like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10535" LastActivityDate="2015-01-17T18:47:26.103" Title="Best way of generating workload for personal cloud storage" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11565" CreationDate="2014-12-17T17:12:45.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not the most elegant solution, but you can use different test settings for each configuration.  We have a number of different test servers that our tests run against, and for each server we have a test setting.  In the test setting you can go to &quot;Advanced&quot; and &quot;Deployment&quot; and add your config file.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're actually just using the file name to determine an environment (ie if 'server3.txt' exists, the tests run against server3), but I don't see a reason that you couldn't use your tests.dll.config file here.  The file is deployed to the directory your tests run from on the agent, so I would expect it to overwrite any app.config file that's there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2442" LastActivityDate="2014-12-17T17:12:45.400" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11567" CreationDate="2014-12-18T05:09:19.580" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use following tools as per your given requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Selenium IDE , Selenium web driver - For functionality testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Jmeter - For Load / Stress testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using selenium web driver you can create script as you mentioned like create file , folder , rename , modify and a lot ,ore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jmeter will help you to measure capacity of your system/site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Helpful links :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to put load of 500+ real user then you will have to use some good cloud base solution like : &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blazemeter.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if you need more info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T05:09:19.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11533" CreationDate="2014-12-18T06:21:11.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same error message when I tried to change the status of a ticket from (lets say) A to C in our tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem was that the workflow didn't allow to change from status A to C directly. I had to change it to B first and then from B to C. So I think the status &quot;Watchlist&quot; can't be accessed directly from &quot;In progress&quot; in your quality-center. Sadly QC always shows all status a ticket can have and not only the status the ticket can be changed to (like e.g. redmine does).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T06:21:11.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5207" CreationDate="2014-12-18T06:33:14.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well in our project we keep this question quite simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;All status that are not defined as &quot;closed&quot; are open.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds simple and strange at one time, so heres the explanation and where it comes from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use redmine as issue-tracker. There you can define your states by giving them names and if they should count as &quot;closed&quot;. Here are some of our states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;New&quot; -&gt; Open&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;In Progress&quot; -&gt; Open&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;To be tested&quot; -&gt; Open&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Resolved&quot; -&gt; Open&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Rejected&quot;, definied as Closed -&gt; Closed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Closed&quot;, definied as Closed -&gt; Closed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when we changed a new issue, lets say a duplicate of an already posted bug, to &quot;Rejeceted&quot; we close the ticket, even it's not in the status &quot;Closed&quot;. So when we filter for &quot;open issues&quot; we wont see this ticket in the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question: Depending of how your team definies the meaning of &quot;Rejected&quot; i would guess that your issues are &quot;open&quot; as long as they are not in the status &quot;Closed&quot; (or maybe rejected, see above). But as Sam Woods mentioned - it depends on the defintion made by the team. Make sure to speak about the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T06:33:14.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10327" CreationDate="2014-12-18T06:57:53.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Driven Development (TDD) means that you write your tests before you write your code. So if you identified your class should be extracted from others there must be an individual reason to do so. So you should at least write tests for this individual functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on if you already have tests for the common functions of your class you (don't) need to write these tests too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T06:57:53.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11576" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2014-12-18T07:19:45.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First published in 2004 by Sebastian Bergmann, PHPUnit has become the de-facto standard for unit testing in PHP, like JUnit did for JAVA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was written to help developers to test each part of their program in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PHPUnit tests can be automated and integrated into continious integration. Jenkins and other CI-tools support PHPUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://phpunit.de/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Official PHPUnit Homepage&quot;&gt;Official homepage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T11:54:41.080" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T11:54:41.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11577" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2014-12-18T07:19:45.823" Score="0" Body="PHPUnit is a free framework for testing PHP-scripts." OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2014-12-18T13:07:29.263" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T13:07:29.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11519" CreationDate="2014-12-18T15:58:04.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Split your long testcase into two -- one testcase does the stuff before the wait and returns a passing status if it was able to do start the process successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second half of your original testcase runs as a separate testcase that you run at the end of your suite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if the test is &quot;click the 'submit order' button and verify an email was sent&quot;, make that into two test cases: 1) click the submit button and verify the proper function was called, and 2) check the mail account to see if an order was received.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T15:58:04.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11581" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-18T16:54:25.450" Score="4" ViewCount="281" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are developing extensions for Firefox and Chrome. We need to test installing, uninstalling and ultimately interacting with this extension in a basic way (it will bring up a dialog to log into an authorization server and allow the user to make a choice from several options).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried getting selenium to do this without luck. It seems to come down to needing a general GUI automation tool to make this happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will also be wanting to do automation in both browsers on Mac and Windows. I would love to be able to write the test once - instead of for each platform and each browser, but I will do what I gotta do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only other limit is that the organization wants to use free or open source tools. Ranorex looked good, but they did not like the price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10548" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2014-12-19T15:23:10.260" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T15:24:01.430" Title="I need to automate the testing of installing Chrome and Firefox extensions. Suggestions?" Tags="&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8504" CreationDate="2014-12-18T17:40:33.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parking Calculator as said above is an excellent website. Apart from that below are few websites (some belonging to automation tools). I believe these can be used for dummy testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is a book named “The Web Testing Handbook” by Steven Splaine and it has a case study.&#xA;B&amp;amp;D is a fictitious &lt;a href=&quot;http://bdonline.sqe.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online brokerage firm&lt;/a&gt; created with the specific purpose of providing you with the opportunity to practice the Web testing techniques discussed in the book, thereby gaining real-world interactive Web testing experience.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Altoro Mutual &lt;a href=&quot;http://demo.testfire.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;website&lt;/a&gt; is published by IBM Corporation for the sole purpose of demonstrating the effectiveness of AppScan in detecting web application vulnerabilities and website defects. IBM offers a free trial of AppScan that you can download and use to scan this website. This site is not a real banking site.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A kind of similar question on stackoverflow:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Where can I find a deliberately insecure open source web application? [closed]&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/365309/where-can-i-find-a-deliberately-insecure-open-source-web-application&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/365309/where-can-i-find-a-deliberately-insecure-open-source-web-application&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A sample insurance company &lt;a href=&quot;http://demo.borland.com/InsuranceWebExtJS/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Web application&lt;/a&gt; (by Silk Test).&#xA;Find its documentation &lt;a href=&quot;http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.borland.silktest.classic.doc%2FSTCLASSIC-907BCF4C-TESTINGINSURANCECOMPANYSAMPLEWEBAPPLICATION-CON.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T17:40:33.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11581" CreationDate="2014-12-18T19:28:08.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if you can do it with selenium, but you should be able to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt; which uses image recognition for scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2014-12-18T19:28:08.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-19T05:44:37.027" Score="1" ViewCount="10827" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium webdriver for automation. I have around 200 scripts ready and now i need a good reporting tool to generate reports. I recently heard about Allure framework, which is an open source tool and generates an amazing report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please guide me step by step on how to use Allure framework for better reporting of my scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to generate a good report of my scripts which are ready. Thanks! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastActivityDate="2018-08-28T17:01:44.957" Title="Using Allure framework with Selenium webdriver tests for better reporting." Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2019-11-04T19:15:03.750" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11581" CreationDate="2014-12-19T12:04:46.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is definitely possible in chrome using selenium (Mac and Win), you need to start chrome with the argument &quot;--load-extension=[extension_path]&quot;. I don't see why you couldn't do it through the chrome store either, you just would have to switch windows at some point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5584" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T12:04:46.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11581" CreationDate="2014-12-19T15:24:01.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would try &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIT&lt;/a&gt; for windows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AutoIt v3 is a freeware BASIC-like scripting language designed for automating the Windows GUI and general scripting. It uses a combination of simulated keystrokes, mouse movement and window/control manipulation in order to automate tasks in a way not possible or reliable with other languages (e.g. VBScript and SendKeys). AutoIt is also very small, self-contained and will run on all versions of Windows out-of-the-box with no annoying “runtimes” required!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for Mac the Apple Automator or see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3485254/equivalent-of-autoit-for-mac-os-x&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3485254/equivalent-of-autoit-for-mac-os-x&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2014-12-19T15:24:01.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9496" CreationDate="2014-12-19T17:23:19.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also had the same problem in clicking the segment under a page then on the elements but could not click. I have a solution that worked for me and hope the below answer will work for you as well.&#xA;Add the code snippet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities caps = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;ignoreZoomSetting&quot;, true);&#xA;&#xA;// Setting attribute nativeEvents to false enable click button in IE&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;nativeEvents&quot;,false);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new  InternetExplorerDriver(caps);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will disbale IE browsers native elements. As far as i know ,native elements i.e. disabling java script that usually present on the click events.&#xA;Try this out and update here if anyody have better suggestions do let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2018-12-22T13:36:00.063" LastActivityDate="2018-12-22T13:36:00.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10001" CreationDate="2014-12-20T10:21:30.863" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this link is helpful for you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pushpendrapps.wordpress.com/2014/11/11/how-to-analyze-the-jmeter-performance-report/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pushpendrapps.wordpress.com/2014/11/11/how-to-analyze-the-jmeter-performance-report/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9015" LastActivityDate="2014-12-20T10:21:30.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2281" CreationDate="2014-12-21T13:14:21.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had also this problem with auto-suggested text box and I saw deeply at the code at the downline you would be seen anchor tag either with &lt;code&gt;ul&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt;. Try to see the values whatever you are put in the text box at those anchor tags. Once you would be able to see that you can easily get the suggested values from that ajax text box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T21:25:32.807" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T21:25:32.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="175" CreationDate="2014-12-21T23:11:36.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In my experience, you can't sell new development processes.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The only path I've found which works is to simply start doing it: Only develop with TDD from this point forward. You'll still deliver your code on time, but it'll be more maintainable and have far fewer bugs. You'll feel much less anxiety and be proud of your work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a little time, management will notice these positive outcomes far beyond the norm. When they ask about it is the time to talk about TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caveat.&lt;/strong&gt; Granted, this is far easier is you're on a smaller development team and a new project or job. In my current job, I began using TDD from day one, and it's simply how I work there. I've earned a reputation of delivering bug-free code which runs faster and uses less memory than the code it replaces. I've gotten small, subtle push-back just once on TDD: &quot;Your tests are longer than your code!&quot; I blew it off. It doesn't matter, because I'm producing beyond expectations — no one else uses a testing methodology, and most code written by my group is chaotic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10576" LastEditorUserId="10576" LastEditDate="2014-12-22T23:37:11.443" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T23:37:11.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11505" CreationDate="2014-12-22T07:12:54.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing for admin user which he controls private cloud.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing for admin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing for user which permission provided by admin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing for data store.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing for normal user.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T14:37:08.077" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T14:37:08.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11596" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-22T12:23:35.970" Score="1" ViewCount="10847" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting below error messages :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IE 11 gives intermittently error like  Unable to find the element with CSS selector or XPath or XPath expression cannot be evaluated or does not result in a WebElement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Point is i have set all the internet zones to same level and other set up. I got this error messages before but after disabling native events by the code below I was not facing errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    DesiredCapabilities caps = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;    caps.setCapability(&quot;ignoreZoomSetting&quot;, true);&#xA;    caps.setCapability(&quot;nativeEvents&quot;,false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I wonder IE instance starts and it does not even pass the values to user id and password n not even logged in but the errors I am getting after the sign in page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's working very fine for other browsers like Mozilla and Chrome.&#xA;I got this type of errors in below versions of IE before too.&#xA;Do let me know if you have any workaround for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="28469" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T13:50:51.373" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T18:00:04.537" Title="IE 11 gives Unable to find element with CSS selector or XPath or XPath expression cannot be evaluated or does notresult in a WebElement" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11615" CreationDate="2014-12-22T13:50:53.390" Score="3" ViewCount="514" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of simultaneous usage by multiple users the cookie based login sometimes gets overridden causing one user to see other users information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Session is completely cookie based and each request to server is authenticated with database via encoded values in cookies for valid user and session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Application uses spring MVC framework.The application runs fine except for when hundreds of users hits the website at the same time. There are few concurrent issues. Data of one user is getting exchanged with another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are facing trouble in reproducing the issue. We have limited Testing resources , which are tools/Methods we should follow to replicate the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10583" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T14:07:48.937" Title="How to reproduce “Multiuser Concurrency Problems” in testing environment with limited resources" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11596" CreationDate="2014-12-22T14:42:34.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are testing IE on Windows Sever, you need to turn off Enhanced Security Configuration. At least it helped in my case. To do that perform these steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open the Server Manager Tool. Find IE Enhanced Security Configuration link under Local Server or Security Information section (different location for 2008 and 2012 Server).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click &lt;strong&gt;Configure IE ESC&lt;/strong&gt; (2008) or &lt;strong&gt;IE Enhanced Security Configuration&lt;/strong&gt; (2012) and turn ESC off for both Administrators and Users.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can confirm ESC is disabled by opening &lt;code&gt;res://iesetup.dll/SoftAdmin.htm&lt;/code&gt; address in IE (should be default home page). You should find this message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Caution: Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration is not enabled&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More details and screenshots from Windows Server 2008 in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.technet.com/b/chenley/archive/2011/03/10/how-to-turn-off-ie-esc.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10528" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T14:42:34.713" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2014-12-22T15:52:35.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like what you are looking for is adding Visual Testing to your Functional Testing.  Try out using Applitools.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://fixate.io/tech/selenium-based-visual-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is a good article&lt;/a&gt; on Selenium Based testing using Applitools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10578" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:03:30.693" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:03:30.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11597" CreationDate="2014-12-22T22:19:57.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would try to reproduce the issue with the open-source FunkLoad, see the getting started &lt;a href=&quot;http://funkload.nuxeo.org/tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://funkload.nuxeo.org/intro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FunkLoad&lt;/a&gt; emulates the browser (including cookies):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Truly emulates a web browser (single-threaded) using an enhanced&#xA;  Richard Jones’ webunit: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;basic authentication support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;cookies support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can scale up to hundreds of simultaneous connections from a single machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;High level plan&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup test environment to run the test against&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record test steps with &lt;a href=&quot;http://funkload.nuxeo.org/recorder.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FunkLoad recorder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit the generated &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Python&lt;/a&gt; script to use a unique user for each session (maybe insert the user into the test database at the start of the test.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.python.org/moin/UsingAssertionsEffectively&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;asserts&lt;/a&gt; to verify the pages are loading correctly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the Benchmark runner with 2-3 users to verify everything works&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scale up until it fails&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load testing could bring your whole infrastructure down, I would advise to run against a separate environment. If this is a one time thing maybe setup some test machines in a cloud environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T22:19:57.557" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10336" CreationDate="2014-12-22T23:42:12.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short answer: Limit refactoring to &quot;removing duplication&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt; This is Kent Beck's summary of the refactoring step in &lt;em&gt;Test-Driven Development by Example&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long answer: the time spent refactoring because of TDD is a blessing, not a curse.&lt;/strong&gt; It's not a problem that TDD's refactoring takes time ... because in many languages refactoring is only possible because of TDD. TDD enables refactoring in an anxiety-free, predictable way. It's an amazing opportunity that doesn't come from other methodologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you advance in your career, and work on problems you've seen before, you'll develop a feel for how much refactoring is necessary, and when.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10576" LastActivityDate="2014-12-22T23:42:12.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11505" CreationDate="2014-12-23T08:58:58.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of Major areas covered are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network latency, Response time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Load &amp;amp; Performance) Scale out on demand&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CDN aspects if available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T08:58:58.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11604" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-23T09:20:01.453" Score="0" ViewCount="27152" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qhZWs.png&quot; alt=&quot;**enter image description here**&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using below script to retrieve specific item from drop down but it's not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select  salTitle =  new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;s2id_QuickEnquiryForm_salutation&quot;)));&#xA; salTitle.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Mr.&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;showing below Error in console &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.UnexpectedTagNameException: Element should have been &quot;select&quot; but was &quot;div&quot;&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium + javascript.can anyone here suggest a method to select an item from a dropdown menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I welcome any input!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please find the Below attched Images for HTML,Source Code.&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/N3xS3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10590" LastEditorUserId="10590" LastEditDate="2014-12-29T11:57:58.213" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T13:00:16.063" Title="How to Retrieve the values from a drop down using selenium-WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11597" CreationDate="2014-12-23T09:31:12.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; to simulate increasing number of users. It can look pretty much a real browser (apart from lack of JavaScript support), however supported browser's functionality include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Headers via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Header_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cookies via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cache via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also several &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Assertions&lt;/a&gt; available so you can assure whether the response contains what it should or doesn't contain what it shouldn't. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Official &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Manual&lt;/a&gt; is very good, if you prefer videos there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-tutorial-video-series&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Tutorial Video Series&lt;/a&gt; available. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T09:31:12.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8381" CreationDate="2014-12-23T09:32:09.610" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try with CSS and check if it works. You could use cssify to do this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If using CSS works this might be the chromedriver issue with dealing with xpath. Also, try checking with the latest chromedriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T13:54:10.767" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T13:54:10.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11604" CreationDate="2014-12-23T10:45:59.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure how &quot;yours&quot; dropdown works, but for me &quot;working solution&quot; in similar case is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Field.SendKeys(123)&#xA;for (j=0; ; j++)&#xA;{&#xA;if (Driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;li[j] element&quot;)).GetElementText().Equals(should_to_select_value);&#xA;   {&#xA;       if (Driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;li[j] element&quot;)).Click();&#xA;       break;&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'm sorry for example not in javascript...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastEditorUserId="8919" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T14:01:50.107" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T14:01:50.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11608" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11609" CreationDate="2014-12-23T11:30:32.573" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have thoroughly studied &lt;strong&gt;selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt; and now I want to proceed with &lt;strong&gt;coding using selenium(scripting)&lt;/strong&gt;, how and where should I start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have setup complete environment settings with eclipse but do not have an idea how I should start scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have any projects officially allotted for the same, I want to do it on my own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T13:45:50.490" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T13:45:50.490" Title="Coding (automation) with selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11608" CreationDate="2014-12-23T11:41:19.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that you set selenium properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Go to your eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Go to menu &lt;strong&gt;File -&gt;New -&gt; Java project&lt;/strong&gt;. Give project name like &quot;test&quot; or anything you like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Click on &lt;strong&gt;Next&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Select tab &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Libraries&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; , Select option &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Add external JARs&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Add following 3 JARs :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  A- selenium-java-2.43.1&#xA;  B- selenium-java-2.43.1-srcs&#xA;  C- selenium-server-standalone-2.39.0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - click on &lt;strong&gt;Finish&lt;/strong&gt;. [Your project creation steps completed here]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 - Now , Do right click on your project folder and select new-&gt;class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8 - Give class name and tick option &quot;public static void main(String[] args]&quot;and click on finish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please add below code before your classname in code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After above step , run following sample selenium web driver code to open site :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope above will help you better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other selenium helpful tutorial : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/selenium-introduction/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T11:57:23.033" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T11:57:23.033" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11611" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-23T13:07:09.370" Score="1" ViewCount="2126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing test-cases for some mobile apps for my organization. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to prepare different test cases for the same application for different devices like iPad, iPhone, Android, Blackberry?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the criteria where I can use the same test cases for all the devices and where should I write different test cases, so as to cover all possibilities with less effort and time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-29T08:41:30.537" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T06:04:49.183" Title="Testcases for mobile apps on different devices" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10481" CreationDate="2014-12-23T13:19:37.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;u can start learning selenium &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set selenium properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Go to your eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Go to menu File -&gt;New -&gt; Java project. Give project name like &quot;test&quot; or anything you like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Click on Next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Select tab &quot;Libraries&quot; , Select option &quot;Add external JARs&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Add following 3 JARs :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A- selenium-java-2.43.1&#xA;  B- selenium-java-2.43.1-srcs&#xA;  C- selenium-server-standalone-2.39.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - click on Finish. [Your project creation steps completed here]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 - Now , Do right click on your project folder and select new-&gt;class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8 - Give class name and tick option &quot;public static void main(String[] args]&quot;and click on finish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please add below code before your classname in code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After above step , run following sample selenium web driver code to open site :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read some good selenium tutorial or visit selenium official site. Hope above will help you better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T13:19:37.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11611" CreationDate="2014-12-23T13:21:09.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It totally depends on your mobile app requirement. But note that the way some functionalities works is different in different Mobile OS. For example the way push notifications works in iOS is different than Android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you need to consider UI guidelines for iOS and Android while writing test cases like iOS needs to have back button on UI while in Android its not necessary, More button representation in iOS and android, the way alerts are shown in iOS and Android, toast messages in Android etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5333" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T13:21:09.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11614" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-23T13:56:06.817" Score="3" ViewCount="1482" Body="&lt;p&gt;When executing test cases when should we mark a test case as 'No Apply'. When the test conditions/requirement is not clear or when its not feasible/possible to perm a test. Also why not mark a test case fail...if we cant understand it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10595" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T14:48:54.147" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T12:13:04.200" Title="When should a Test Case be marked as &quot;No Apply&quot;?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11597" CreationDate="2014-12-23T14:01:21.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The cause of this issue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, the cause of this issue is poor multi-threading programming. What is happening is there is likely a static method that is being shared that tracks the user's account. If 2 users access a page at the same time, it is using the second user's log-in in the static method and returning for the first user the 2nd user's information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing this issue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, this is one of those difficult to test scenarios. A load tester will be beneficial but will not be the key to detecting this. The load testing options will simply put the requests you need into the service. I would personally suggest, if you have the skillset, a custom built HTTP requester that will severely thread out about 100 concurrent users. This will not determine your problem but give you the ability to discover the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step would be to send request manually through your browser with a different log-in. After a while you should be able to detect the issue and manually verify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Post-fix verification&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly being what could be considered an intermittent issue this could be difficult to verify. Your best option would likely be to drastically &lt;a href=&quot;http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#rlimitmem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;limit the RAM available to your server&lt;/a&gt; (I gave Apache since Java but a google search will net results for most other servers). This would slow down the process enough to hopefully detect the problem and be rather repeatable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be using debug mode and pausing the execution of the first request and sending a second request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Warning&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that your developer(s) might not be overly experienced with managing threads. This can be an extremely complex and difficult task. I would heavily test and focus on any and all other multi-threaded portions of your code in order to ensure that they are not experiencing the same issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-12-23T14:07:48.937" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T14:07:48.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11614" CreationDate="2014-12-23T14:26:40.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer is &quot;when its not feasible/possible to perm a test&quot;&#xA;It is used for &quot;multi-environment&quot; test-cases and/or if it is some type of generic test-cases script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My real example, it would been need to test feature of upload several files same time. But old versions of IE doesn't support possibility to select several files in dialog - so it is &quot;No apply&quot; here, while &quot;apply&quot; for last IE versions and other browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't failed because it cannot be tested anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T14:26:40.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11614" CreationDate="2014-12-23T21:50:29.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No one here can definitively answer an ambiguous question like this.  Go ask the person who wrote the test cases, or the test manager, or someone else on the team who has already figured out the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-12-23T21:50:29.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-23T23:08:11.760" Score="1" ViewCount="6410" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a way to select an item in a drop-down menu in python with Splinter (very similar to selenium I guess) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;option1&quot; rel=&quot;1158&quot;&amp;gt; Option 1&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;option2&quot; rel=&quot;1158&quot;&amp;gt; Option 2&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And even after many researches, I wasn't able to find out a way to click the item...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not working for instance : browser.find_by_class_name('option1')&#xA;What should I use ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10599" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T10:17:45.317" Title="Selecting an item of a drop-down menu with Splinter lib (Python)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11618" CreationDate="2014-12-24T00:56:46.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use this trick in my pageobject (in selenium, not splinter): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;find dropdown by locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loop through options in dropdown, and click on it if found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code to find option with value &lt;code&gt;option_text&lt;/code&gt;:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;  dropdown = self.driver.find_element(by=byx, value=locx)&#xA;  found = None&#xA;  for option in dropdown.find_elements_by_tag_name('option'):&#xA;    if option.text == option_text:&#xA;      found = option.text # save text first, before it may get stale&#xA;      option.click()&#xA;      break&#xA;  # make sure desired option value was found in selection dropdown&#xA;  self.assertTrue(found, 'desired option was not found')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: variable 'found' is a hack: We use both HTML/Zope and Angular for templates. HTML/Zope option value is option text, but Angular's value is offset(index), not the text, so this does not work: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.assertEqual(option_text, dropdown.get_attribute('value'))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so we need variable to detect if desired option was found or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTH&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T00:56:46.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11614" CreationDate="2014-12-24T04:07:59.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an example, suppose we have a feature to be tested. With this feature we have a test case like: 'Do localization testing before marking the feature as done'. Now during implementation, we realize that one or more specifications have changed and because of this, no new strings are being added to this feature. So our test case for localization as written above becomes “not applicable” in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to me “&lt;em&gt;When the test conditions/requirement is not clear&lt;/em&gt;” then we can mark the test case as &quot;&lt;em&gt;blocked&lt;/em&gt;&quot; with appropriate comments. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;“&lt;em&gt;When its not feasible/possible to perm a test&lt;/em&gt;” then test case should be marked as “&lt;em&gt;no apply&lt;/em&gt;” or &quot;&lt;em&gt;Not Applicable&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T04:07:59.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11611" CreationDate="2014-12-24T05:16:28.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes , you should create test cases for diff. devices if you want to check design specific. Mostly in IOS there is less possibility that you will get design issue device specific , But in Android devices there is huge chances for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use Excel to write test cases initially. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T05:16:28.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-24T16:41:20.410" Score="1" ViewCount="521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know if there is a framework in Javascript (NodeJS) for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; which supports a clean way to define the Page Object Elements on a Page Object as &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/natritmeyer/site_prism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;site_prism&lt;/a&gt; does. I've already checked &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/stuplum/astrolabe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;astrolabe&lt;/a&gt; but doesn't quite fit the purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how Page Objects are declaratively defined with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/natritmeyer/site_prism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;site_prism&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Home &amp;lt; SitePrism::Page&#xA;  set_url &amp;quot;/index.htm&amp;quot;&#xA;  set_url_matcher /google.com\/?/&#xA;  element :search_field, &amp;quot;input[name='q']&amp;quot;&#xA;  element :search_button, &amp;quot;button[name='btnK']&amp;quot;&#xA;  elements :footer_links, &amp;quot;#footer a&amp;quot;&#xA;  section :menu, MenuSection, &amp;quot;#gbx3&amp;quot;&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;class MenuSection &amp;lt; SitePrism::Section&#xA;  element :search, &amp;quot;a.search&amp;quot;&#xA;  element :images, &amp;quot;a.image-search&amp;quot;&#xA;  element :maps, &amp;quot;a.map-search&amp;quot;&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know or has developed a solution like above but for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt;. Maybe someone is using a custom framework internally, are you willing to open source it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/stuplum/astrolabe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;astrolabe&lt;/a&gt; it lacks collections support and I'm looking for a more declarative syntax; instead of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username: { get: function() { return this.findElement(this.by.input('username')); },&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was expecting something more declarative like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username: By.input('username'),&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could dig further on missing &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/stuplum/astrolabe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;astrolabe&lt;/a&gt; features here but my question is not about &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/stuplum/astrolabe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;astrolabe&lt;/a&gt; per se but as whether there is a better &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/natritmeyer/site_prism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;site_prism&lt;/a&gt; equivalent for JS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6815" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:20:22.307" Title="Page Object Design: Is there a Javascript equivalent to Ruby gem &quot;site_prism&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-24T18:37:45.613" Score="7" ViewCount="1327" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Martin Fowler&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;favors&lt;/a&gt; having no assertions in page objects however is not definitive on the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advocates of including assertions in page objects say that this helps avoid duplication of assertions in test scripts, makes it easier to provide better error messages, and supports a more TellDontAsk style API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advocates of assertion-free page objects say that including assertions mixes the responsibilities of providing access to page data with assertion logic, and leads to a bloated page object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An assertion library DSL depends on the domain knowledge of the application under test (aka business domain) but the question is whether you attach the TellDontAsk API to the Page Objects or to the test data models.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example in &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; to favor no assertions in page objects&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But rather in a &lt;code&gt;User&lt;/code&gt; test data model&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// `julie` could eventually be loaded from a csv or JSON test data file but&#xA;// ultimately you end up creating a new instance of a User class or type&#xA;var julie = new User({userName: 'julie', fullName: 'Julie Ralph', ...});&#xA;julie.login();&#xA;&#xA;User.prototype.login = function(user) {&#xA;  var loginPage = new LoginPage(); // you could go with singletons too&#xA;  loginPage.get();&#xA;  // below could be within loginPage.get to avoid duplication&#xA;  expect(loginPage).toBeLoaded();&#xA;  loginPage.setUserName(user.userName);&#xA;  // below assertion could be within loginPage.setUserName&#xA;  expect(loginPage.getUserName()).toEqual(user.userName);&#xA;  // and so on...&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example in &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; that favors assertions within page objects&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var loginPage = new LoginPage();&#xA;loginPage.login(julie);&#xA;&#xA;LoginPage.prototype.login = function(user) {&#xA;  var loginPage = this;&#xA;  loginPage.get();&#xA;  expect(loginPage).toBeLoaded();&#xA;  loginPage.setUserName(user.userName);&#xA;  expect(loginPage.getUserName()).toEqual(user.userName);&#xA;  // and so on...&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way you can still alias or delegate one from the other, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;User.prototype.login = &#xA;  LoginPage.prototype.login.bind(LoginPage.prototype);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the test engineers get to choose any of these 2 DSLs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;julie.login();&#xA;loginPage.login(julie);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would like to know experiences of marking this decision and if you have strong positions on this subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6815" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T21:25:01.947" Title="Include assertions/expectations within the Page Objects, yes or no?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11618" CreationDate="2014-12-24T22:00:22.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.find_by_class_name('option1').select(' Option 1')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't used Splinter before, but I looked at their unit tests and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cobrateam/splinter/blob/54620f60a565f76d6b7b43560cc5c41deebf53ab/tests/form_elements.py#L55-L59&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;saw something similar&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_can_select_a_option_via_element(self):&#xA;    &quot;should provide a way to select a option via element&quot;&#xA;    self.assertFalse(self.browser.find_option_by_value(&quot;rj&quot;).selected)&#xA;    self.browser.find_by_name(&quot;uf&quot;).select(&quot;rj&quot;)&#xA;    self.assertTrue(self.browser.find_option_by_value(&quot;rj&quot;).selected)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It asserts the option having the value of &quot;rj&quot; is not already selected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It finds an element named &quot;uf&quot; and selects &quot;rj&quot; from it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It asserts the option having the value of &quot;rj&quot; is now selected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the second part is what you're trying to do. I hope that solves it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2014-12-24T22:00:22.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11624" CreationDate="2014-12-24T22:52:26.300" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that there is disagreement, the answers this question attracts will probably gravitate toward &lt;strong&gt;sometimes&lt;/strong&gt; rather than yes/no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is that page objects should have assertions in their constructors, so that my code doesn't offer page methods for a page I never reached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a made up example, I don't want to return an account page object when I've hit a 404 because I'll eventually hit a NoSuchElementException.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want my debugging journey to begin at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where did this element go / did the selector change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to start at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why did I get a 404 instead of the account page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An extension of this model is Selenium's &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/LoadableComponent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LoadableComponent&lt;/a&gt; concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As your site under test becomes more application-like and less document-like, the page object model becomes a leakier abstraction (at one extreme, imagine the page object for a single page application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mention LoadableComponent because I think they mitigate the &quot;Bloated Page Object&quot; problem, and part of their solution is overriding isLoaded and putting in custom assertions. From the docs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The LoadableComponent is a base class that aims to make writing PageObjects less painful. It does this by providing a standard way of ensuring that pages are loaded and providing hooks to make debugging the failure of a page to load easier. You can use it to help reduce the amount of boilerplate code in your tests, which in turn make maintaining your tests less tiresome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="27122" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T20:55:41.777" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T20:55:41.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11627" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-25T13:08:45.523" Score="1" ViewCount="675" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have an android app that we have to do a little bit of usability testing/beta testing.All I have found about Utest.com is you can sign up and work on projects, but I was unable to find how to post projects in Utest and how to get people to do usability testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am fine with other paid options as well, but if it is free or something like usabilityhub where we can do testing and then earn points to exchange for credit, then I am fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if this is the right place to ask, if not please point me to the right place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10603" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T20:23:59.233" Title="How to post a Utest project?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11629" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-26T06:12:05.800" Score="1" ViewCount="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;When should we mark a test case as &quot;No Apply&quot;. When requirement are not clear or when test case is not testable or it is not understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly explain when to fail or pass a test case, rather than NA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10604" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:57:11.617" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:57:11.617" Title="When should we mark a Test case as &quot;No Apply&quot;?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2014-12-29T22:27:09.100" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11630" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-26T09:14:27.793" Score="0" ViewCount="1177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Software Test Engineer and have 3+ years of experience. Still I haven't done any localization testing. As far I can guess, a tester should know the language to test the application for that specific language.(Correct me here if I'm not correct about localization testing assumption.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I can see, many applications are mostly localized to languages like: Chinese, Japanese, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Korean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you suggest which of the above languages would be best for my software test career for me to learn?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also let me know if learning one of the above languages is really worth to make your profile much better as Software Test Engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5218" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T15:38:51.523" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T15:38:51.523" Title="Which language would benefit in Software Testing career?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11630" CreationDate="2014-12-26T09:36:24.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is really depends on yours &quot;environment&quot;. As for me: I'm working many years on project with Swedish, Finnish, German and Norwegian languages - but to test correct localization I need to have an access to contact person - native speaker. It is a QA work, not a translator. But if you plan to relocate somewhere in Asia and work with China's or Japan's companies - you welcome to learn any language. Only English is &quot;the must&quot; everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPD: Several times I'd contacted with HR's from Switzerland, Poland and Germany companies contact me (I'm living in Ukraine), but anywhere &quot;native&quot; language wasn't a requirement, just English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T09:36:24.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11630" CreationDate="2014-12-26T11:38:02.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my experience it is OK if you know perfect ENGLISH because that is universal language anywhere. People/Client from diff. mostly prefer ENGLISH when they hire  QA from diff. country. There are very less clients who need local language candidate because most of I.T companies work with diff. countries client  so they given important to ENGLISH most.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also As a QA we change companies , we never set in one company forever so for ex: if current company have more client from china and we start to learn Chinese language that is not good decision because company change then client change so finally ENGLISH helps anywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T11:38:02.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11630" CreationDate="2014-12-26T11:49:13.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, localization uses a series of translation dictionaries for things like captions, labels and so forth. For anything more complex (legal disclaimers, website verbiage, and so on), a professional translator is used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QA role is typically to make sure that changing either the machine locale, the browser locale, or the application language setting changes everything in the application (except what's stored in the database) to use the selected language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a QA person, being able to speak another language is a bonus when it comes to localization testing, but it's not essential. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T11:49:13.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11643" CreationDate="2014-12-26T12:06:22.520" Score="0" ViewCount="308" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I run test using selendroid when device connected using WIFI? Or I will have to connect device using USB cable and then test will run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created script just need help to run it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-12-29T05:39:46.260" Title="Selendroid - How to run test script?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11630" CreationDate="2014-12-26T15:09:17.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It also depends what is your native language. To get into more-less fluent level will take less effort if target language is closer to your native language. Also, knowing few other languages increases speed of learning new one. Spanish, Portuguese and French are close (also Italian), so learning any other when you know one is much easier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are speaker of any language from &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_languages#mediaviewer/File:IndoEuropeanTree.svg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Indoeuropean language family&lt;/a&gt; learning other Indoeuropean language will be easier than non-IE language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &quot;Chinese&quot; is not a single language, but group of different languages spoken in China which are considered single language for political reasons. Likely you mean &quot;mandarin chinese&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T15:09:17.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11630" CreationDate="2014-12-26T18:23:06.023" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are going to go through the effort to learn another language, consider factors other than whether it will make you a better software tester.  Your language skills will hopefully outlive your software testing career.  And there are more lucrative skills you can learn than a second language for furthering your career, e.g. programming skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2014-12-26T18:23:06.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11637" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11646" CreationDate="2014-12-26T23:08:44.137" Score="4" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm automating testing for a fairly complex system involving multiple VMs, routers, and switches. Because of this complexity, the setup/teardowns sometimes fail (a node did not boot up correctly, or one of its component is messed up for example), so we tend to add verifications during the setup : is DHCP running ? is OSPF converging ? etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's good because :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when setup fails, we can just cancel all the tests, saving time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when teardown fails, we perform additional cleanup before the next testsuite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it also has many drawbacks :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the fixture scripts are more complex&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the fixtures take longer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the testing and fixture code are not isolated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it causes code duplication, because some verifications we do in the fixtures are also embedded in some other tests : the basic DHCP verifications we do in our setup for &lt;code&gt;testsuite_ospf&lt;/code&gt; are also part of &lt;code&gt;testsuite_dhcp&lt;/code&gt; for example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it's hard to debug an issue that happened during fixtures, because as already said, they are fairly complex&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is usually considered to be the best practice ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;EDIT&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answers are suggesting that I should mock components that I am not actually testing, but I don't think that this is something realistic in my case. I didn't want to be specific about what I am testing, but maybe I should have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am testing an SDN solution made of :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a policy engine, controlled by a rest API.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;controllers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;virtual and/or physical openflow switches&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing purpose we also have :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;physical and virtual machines connected to the nodes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a traffic generator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say I want to test QoS on the virtual switch. My setup consists in :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;configuring a network underlay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;configuring the policy engine, the constrollers, and the switches and checking that they see each other correctly (openflow, json-rpc, and tcp sessions are up, ntp is synchronised, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;starting VMs, configuring policies to allow them to talk to each other or not, and checking that they are up and able to ping each other.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Then&lt;/em&gt; I start testing QoS, which involves all the components of the chain : I configure QoS rules on the policy engine via the the rest API, the controllers pull them and configure the switches via openflow, and then I can do my provisionning or traffic tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see the setup includes many verifications, which was the point of my initial question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I think the answers given (that I should mock some components depending on what I am testing) can't apply here because :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Although I am doing feature testing, a feature generally involves the whole system, not only a single component.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even if I can isolate the components I am testing, it's pretty difficult to mock an openflow controller for example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10608" LastEditorUserId="10608" LastEditDate="2014-12-29T18:52:01.347" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T18:39:22.533" Title="Should I perform tests during fixture?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11637" CreationDate="2014-12-27T19:08:47.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To isolate your subsystems you should use mocks to give wanted answers like &quot;connection is up / connection is down&quot; with just 'return true / false' and test the behavior. With fixtures you know all states of your systems and are not depenend from the actual connections etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I am writing from my mobile phone I can't give you some external links and I'm sorry for my formatting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2014-12-27T19:08:47.937" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11634" CreationDate="2014-12-29T05:39:46.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, we can connect device over WIFI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer &lt;a href=&quot;http://stuffandtech.blogspot.in/2012/03/android-quick-tip-adb-over-wifi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8703" LastActivityDate="2014-12-29T05:39:46.260" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11637" CreationDate="2014-12-29T12:03:31.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To expand on bish's answer a bit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your fixtures aren't supposed to be testing end-to-end functionality of all the subsystems - that's something for manual testing and/or automated functional testing and should be done as little as possible (because it's slow and prone to error - you do that as the top-level sanity testing). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each fixture is - or should be - testing a single subsystem. If, for instance, you're testing the main controller of the system, you don't actually care what the various nodes are doing: you care that the controller responds correctly to various inputs from those nodes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you write mock implementations of the node interfaces (or use the ones the unit tests use) that will respond to calls from the controller instead of needing to rely on the real nodes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, if you're testing how Node A responds to a controller call, you use a mock of the controller interface to send the call you want to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you keep all your mocks in helper libraries, you're not having to reuse code because you're using the library calls from whichever node's tests you're running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's more work up-front to get this in place, but a lot less work long-term because it allows you to simplify your automation fixtures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE - Added in response to the edits to the question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm leaving what I initially posted because it could be helpful to someone else who isn't in quite such a difficult situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In view of the added information, I'd probably look at it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Libraries&lt;/strong&gt; - If you need to use it in more than one place, extract it into a library and keep your code as DRY as you can. Using the example you gave, have a separate DHCP library that can be called by either the OSPF or the DHCP tests. That reduces the likelihood of changes to one set of duplicate or near-duplicate code not propagating to a different set. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Look to the 80/20 rule&lt;/strong&gt; - I've said this in several places now, but it bears repeating here. With the complexity of your system and the speed and false-positive issues that come with not being in a position to mock and isolate,  you want to focus on the 20% or so of the system that gets the most use. I'm going to guess that the actual service and communications is the part that you want to focus on, which leads to the next point.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use &quot;canned&quot; configurations&lt;/strong&gt; - In a similar situation to yours (in my case there was no unit testing and no way to isolate anything), I used pre-built configurations a lot, but ran a several-hour configuration run once a week to rebuild the configuration data set. In essence this means that most of the time, you'll leave your components and VMs running and your test run will start with checking that everything is communicating as it should be, then perform the QOS test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consider dependent tests&lt;/strong&gt; - This is an ugly situation, and one I've been in before. You're pretty much forced to run end-to-end tests by your circumstances, and those are inherently slower and more error-prone. One way to deal with the speed issue is to build in dependencies and make your validations smarter. It does mean if something wipes the test run early, the later tests don't run, but under most circumstances you can do a lot more testing if you do the setup once and change configuration on the fly as the test runs proceed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do as much mocking as your situation permits&lt;/strong&gt; - because it's faster and removes a point of failure. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever method you choose, &lt;em&gt;don't be afraid of getting it wrong&lt;/em&gt; - no matter how you handle this, you're going to be refactoring and finding better ways to handle the system for as long as you're testing it. It's better to have error-prone automation that you understand (and believe me, I've been there) and can improve than nothing at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-30T12:04:27.210" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T12:04:27.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11604" CreationDate="2014-12-29T12:09:49.497" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For selecting a drop-down value, I have one of the working solutions.take the XPath of the dropdown and edit the drop-down XPath like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(....)/select/option[@value=' ']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;' '&lt;/code&gt; - indicates that enter your option to select from drop-down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now by using this XPath use the &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; method to select an option from drop-down &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it is useful for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please mark it correct if it works for you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T13:00:16.063" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T13:00:16.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-29T13:41:15.000" Score="0" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;Initial load vu Ramp up 1 (after 5 min) Ramp up 2 (after 10 min) Ramp up 3(after 10 min)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;200 vu +50 vu +50 vu +120 vu&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how to implement this scenario in jmeter. is this psbl in Jmeter, kindly help professionals&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10622" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T10:58:50.253" Title="Jmeter scenario" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11651" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-29T22:19:38.710" Score="3" ViewCount="3657" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using JMeter 2.12 in windows7, HTTP(s) Test Script Recorder (port: 8080, HTTPs Domain: blank, Type: HttpClient4)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I followed the below instruction to record https request in firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add Recording Controller into Test Plan &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add HTTP Proxy Server into WorkBench  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click Start button. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open browser network settings &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;change proxy settings to localhost:8080 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;remove localhost and 127.0.0.1 from &quot;No proxy for&quot; field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I kept getting &lt;code&gt;javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure&lt;/code&gt;. The Recording Controller can do web requests recording. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody help me on this (what was wrong with my configuration)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10623" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2014-12-30T12:07:39.497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T08:29:46.263" Title="JMeter https recording, firefox get &quot;SSLHandshakeException&quot; at app page" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11596" CreationDate="2014-12-30T06:45:15.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I could solve the above problem that i was facing so far.Actually ,i imported entire selenium stuffs i.e. all the system and application s/w to my local system as it is having strong configuration. After this has done, above problem was resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to ask any questions on this if you have experienced same kind of issue before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T06:45:15.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11653" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12067" CreationDate="2014-12-30T07:06:11.240" Score="1" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got task today to do security testing of an iOS app. I have read many articles and answers on google search and in this site. But still, none provide exact tricks for security testing of an iOS app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help? I would like to know the following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - How to check sql injection in an iOS app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - How to check XSS in an iOS app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - How can I make sure that data transfer between user and database is safe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="37628" LastEditDate="2020-06-24T04:04:28.800" LastActivityDate="2020-06-24T04:04:28.800" Title="Security testing for iOS app" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11649" CreationDate="2014-12-30T10:58:50.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that the easiest option is using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/UltimateThreadGroup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ultimate Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; available via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It provides easy visual way of defining the load pattern&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/atSgB.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ultimate Thread Group&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you for some reason don't have possibility to use this solution you can achieve the same by the combination of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Runtime_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Runtime Controller&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Action&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Action Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And proper settings of threads and rampup on &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; level. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T10:58:50.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="357" CreationDate="2014-12-30T13:12:45.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are online services which allow to calculate ROI:&#xA;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.automatedtestinginstitute.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;view=article&amp;amp;id=58:roi-calculator&amp;amp;catid=37:calculators&amp;amp;Itemid=65&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ROI Calculator&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;2. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.elbrus.com/services/test_automation_roi_calc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ROI Calculator2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastEditorUserId="8842" LastEditDate="2014-12-30T13:19:59.253" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T13:19:59.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11657" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2014-12-30T13:48:23.750" Score="1" ViewCount="1872" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do white box tester only test code coverage, branching condition, looping conditions or do they also perform some coding on the project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the skills needed to become an expert white box tester? How are they different from a grey box tester or automation engineer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10627" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T02:53:56.767" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T02:53:56.767" Title="What are the Job Responsibilities of a White Box Tester?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11657" CreationDate="2014-12-30T14:45:05.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for me - there no such role as &quot;white box tester&quot;. It should be a programmer, who create and maintain unit tests over own code changes. If project developed in TDD model - tests and code developed by same person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T14:45:05.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11657" CreationDate="2014-12-30T14:46:17.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Virtually anyone can configure a Jenkins job to measure code coverage.  An expert white box tester is a strong developer with a strong interest in testing.  Whether they write code for the project depends on the organization. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no idea what &quot;grey box&quot; is supposed to mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people seem to define Automation Engineer to mean someone who can use Selenium, but there is a lot of automation work that has nothing to do with web browsers or user interfaces.  In general an automation engineer is someone who writes software that helps test other software, which works out to be the same skill set as a white box tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2014-12-31T14:52:45.167" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T14:52:45.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11657" CreationDate="2014-12-30T14:54:32.917" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A white box tester openly reviews the source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A grey box tester will typically manually verify that the code functions correctly and then review the source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation engineer writes code that tests the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often times a person can perform all 3 (I currently do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically a white/grey box tester will assist in the writing of the code but, depending on the organization, should not check in code. Their code should be more or less suggestions to developers. By doing this it reduces the conflict of interest in testing the code you wrote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The major benefits to a white/grey box tester is the extremely in depth understanding of the project as a whole that the tester will obtain. The amount of time reduced by having a white or grey box tester review defects can drastically change the pace of the development process as well. Often times these testers will have a much better understanding of the AUT than anyone else and can find the root cause of the defect a lot easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The skillset needed .....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Curiosity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Development Language(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication (Both verbal and written)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to interpret code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to spot a minute error in code without execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And many many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example of a benefit to a white box tester, a few weeks ago we made a change to our source code. I was reviewing the source and realized that a variable was never being used after being declared and a function called to set it. The function to set it was quite resource intensive, the developer did not realize that this was no longer necessary for anything in the code. The declaration and set was removed and that segment of code's performance was increased drastically. Without a review of the source code it would have been impossible to detect this since the variable literally was only set and nothing happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happens more than you'd like to imagine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2014-12-31T14:24:55.783" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T14:24:55.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9206" CreationDate="2014-12-30T16:01:58.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with VirtualBox for a couple of reasons.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First, it's free.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second, it integrates incredibly well with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vagrantup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vagrant&lt;/a&gt; which allows you to script the provisioning of your build boxes from scratch.  Granted, you won't want to reprovision the build boxes often but should something weird happen, you'll be able to get back to a known state very quickly (Vagrant is limited by the complexity of the setup scripts and file I/O speeds.)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Third, I believe that VirtualBox has a Python scripting capability though I know about this only tangentially through what I've read of Vagrant.  If this capability is there, then you could script up your own VM management processes if Vagrant doesn't do what you want.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any VM product you select should have the I/O capabilities that you want.  Benchmarks hypervisors are widely available so if performance is a huge concern (over price), you can go look that stuff up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A large part of a build time is file I/O.  If you haven't invested in an SSD for this Mac Mini of yours, I'd invest.  Things are so so so much faster than with spinning media and not terribly expensive these days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-30T08:35:43.787" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T08:35:43.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11667" CreationDate="2014-12-30T16:13:16.517" Score="1" ViewCount="1171" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel like I am in a point in my career path where I need to start thinking more long term. Up until now I have been known as the technical guy who can figure out anything. I am the person who gets thrown onto the toughest projects and always completes the task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this has been a lot of fun, I find myself bored quickly and the technical side no longer challenges me. I am starting to get more interested in the Leadership roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone with a technical background who changed into a leadership role could summarize the different challenges and aspects to both sides. Also, what skill sets would be beneficial in a leadership role that someone in a technical role may not require.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T04:50:37.300" Title="Leadership/Management versus Technical Roles" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10311" CreationDate="2014-12-30T16:19:42.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you have a really really strong reason to refactor during testing and the unit/functional/acceptance test to check your changes, I'd say don't.  Nathan Cooper points out that good code coverage will ease this pain of refactoring and I agree. Your question implies a distinct &quot;code then test then deploy&quot; workflow so changing stuff in the coding phase is going to draw out the testing phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&#xA;- Your code will be better organized after refactoring, though by definition, it won't be any more functional than it was before the changes.  Refactoring is just to change the structure of the code base, not its behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&#xA;- You can potentially introduce bugs that your tests won't catch.  Remember that any time you make a change, there is a potential to introduce a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll have to calculate the costs associated with the risk of introducing a new bug during the testing phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T16:19:42.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10311" CreationDate="2014-12-30T19:30:09.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, how many changes you tolerate in flight is tempered by your test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine a case where the team wants to complete a large refactor while implementing a new large feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have robust test coverage, then this case may not be daunting. Presumably because the cause of errors can be identified with higher speed and certainty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you have anemic test coverage, then this case may be horrifying. Presumably because the cause of errors consume more investigation effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the question of pros and cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Greater velocity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Greater risk&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2014-12-30T19:30:09.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11662" CreationDate="2014-12-31T00:28:30.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For your question &quot;what skill sets would be beneficial in a leadership role that someone in a technical role may not require.&quot; Answer is &quot;People management&quot; every lead should have this skill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leadership/Management role also a challenging as like Technical Role. In Technical role mostly we will learn new technologies, make ourself up-to-date and works towards our goal, but in Leadership/Management role we need educate or make our team mates to learn the latest technologies and monitor the progress of our team work. Leaders should also have technical, so that they can predicate the workload and resource needed to completed the given work within the project delivery date.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply say, person with technical skills and People management skills is a good leader &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8834" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T00:28:30.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11662" CreationDate="2014-12-31T00:45:05.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Things a leadership role requires but a technical role may not require?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diplomacy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PR&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Negotiation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deception&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discipline&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ymmv, but in my experience in leadership roles the most important things are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leading an effective productive team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Being perceived as leading an effective productive team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the technical acumen you describe, it doesn't sound like you'll struggle with providing technical mentorship to your team. So that leaves the PR side of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What it comes down to is that people are too busy to closely examine details. That's how good people and teams wind up unappreciated. The hardest part of leadership is constantly maintaining the aura excellence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That workplaces are often littered with worthless managers that excel at the perception part of the job makes it all that much harder for someone actually doing good work to compete for recognition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, you may find it unsavory to constantly manage expectations rather than relying on reasonable and rational people to come the natural and logical conclusion that a team is effective. (as a QA I would cite that as the biggest culture shock).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T00:45:05.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11662" CreationDate="2014-12-31T04:50:37.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we think about leadership then it is really interesting and important role in any company. Leader can help to grow company business , client , profit by doing great leadership and work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am QA and I have been analyzing since last some years that in most of companies there are leader available but mainly 2 types of leaders : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  1 - Technical Leader&#xA;  2 - Non-Technical Leader&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 - Technical Leader&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my experience I prefer technical leaders because they have always basic understanding of programming , software , latest technologies so they can guide very well to team , can help to team if they stuck in anything and a lot more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some technical leader have very good command over specific technology , For ex : Java so they can lead all JAVA team and projects very well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one more thing about technical team leader I would like to specify is they can understand and estimate project management , project development time estimation , project design time etc. Project may be a web design , development or software development or any. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there are lots of benefit of technical leader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 - Non-Technical Leader&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many people available who have done their master in management so they are capable of being team leader. Also they have really very good skill to manage team , projects , clients and a lot more. But when technical things comes during job then they are lacking. Even some experienced leader also have technical knowledge lacking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in non-technical team lead role there will be always some mismatch in estimate project management , project development time estimation , project design time etc. Project may be a web design , development or software development or any. And at end either team get dissatisfied or client/company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am not saying that non-technical leader are not capable but it is beneficial in some stage if they have technical knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@PaulDonny - It is good that you are technical so this thing will help you a lot more in leadership also. I believe that leadership role is totally diff. than technical role but technical knowledge is very important part in leadership.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to me a good leader should have following skills :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Team management&#xA;2 - Long term thinking&#xA;3 - Objective must be high&#xA;4 - Goal setting&#xA;5 - Team motivation &#xA;6 - Never think only for personal growth , think about team and company growth also&#xA;7 - Co-operative nature&#xA;8 - Detailed analysis skill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Leadership is not about what you are , Leadership is about what you want to be&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T04:50:37.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11534" CreationDate="2014-12-31T17:41:35.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;After much searching, I found the solution, or at least got pointed in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I edited my env.rb to include the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Service.executable_path = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver' &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cucumber now runs fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10510" LastActivityDate="2014-12-31T17:41:35.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11673" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-02T08:46:43.330" Score="0" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a QA Intern and we use Selenium Webdriver to test our web based application. We are provided with a server on which the build to be tested is deployed. I wish to know is there a tool that I can use to track the code that is being covered by the tests that are run on that particular server?&#xA;Also, keeping aside Selenium, in general, how can I track the code coverage of the application? &#xA;I know about ScriptCover, does that help to track the coverage of entire UI or just the javascript part of it?&#xA;Please Help. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10645" LastEditorUserId="15458" LastEditDate="2019-12-02T21:32:41.070" LastActivityDate="2019-12-02T21:32:41.070" Title="Which tool can I use (as a tester) to track the code coverage for a web based application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11674" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12228" CreationDate="2015-01-02T09:40:26.237" Score="1" ViewCount="577" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working using selendroid to test android app. Code is running fine but thing is default android virtual devices are too slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would like to call genymotion virtual device instead of default android virtual device.I have installed genymotion , configure with eclipse also. But not able to call it when run my selendroid program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2015-02-03T18:41:20.107" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T06:50:22.050" Title="Connect selendroid with Genymotion" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11675" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11677" CreationDate="2015-01-02T10:09:09.050" Score="2" ViewCount="1782" Body="&lt;p&gt;For an Angular based web application:&#xA;Is it useful to include the requests to get javascript and css files? Knowing that the files will be stored in the browser cache after the first visit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am tempted to only include XHR calls like authenticate, loading and saving data, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6581" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T10:16:34.870" Title="Is it useful to include .js .css files etc in a performance test?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-02T11:09:23.363" Score="2" ViewCount="1010" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a QA learner I want to know about some methods. Now I am learning about waterfall testing methodology. Need to know details about the testing process of waterfall methods. I have learnt some topic from net &amp;amp; I have understood about it. I need to know details about waterfall testing. If you are following waterfall methodology or you have good idea on it so please you can provide me. I have some questions please see below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is waterfall testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are variation about the methods?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which topics are important to know before learning waterfall methods?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I start it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where from will I get basic knowledge &amp;amp; also learn about it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also others related topic about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have any advice about it or any edition so please inform me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8643" LastEditorUserId="8643" LastEditDate="2015-01-02T11:17:47.603" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T09:03:21.460" Title="Waterfall QA testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11675" CreationDate="2015-01-02T11:47:24.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think about the purpose of your tests. Are you looking at a small number of users using the system, perhaps just one user, each from the same computer? Are you looking at many users from many computers using the system? For the former once the cache is loaded few JS and CSS etc files will be requested from the server. For the latter, each simulated user will be visiting from another computer and their cache will be, initially, empty, so all the JS and CSS etc should be requested from the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T11:47:24.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11676" CreationDate="2015-01-02T12:06:18.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, there is no such thing as &quot;waterfall testing&quot;. The term &quot;waterfall&quot; is used for one approach to the entire software development lifecycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall_model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;generic Wiki article here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, test design techniques (and most test-related topics) will remain relevant, regardless of the specific process in your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/foundation-level/foundation-level-content.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB Foundation level&lt;/a&gt; which covers every aspect of testing and also the main types of development cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T12:06:18.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10299" CreationDate="2015-01-02T12:13:30.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should see that general website doesn't give correct appearances for certain devices.If you want that your site should give correct appearances at different devices. So you can follow some rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Responsive Design for website.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good html coding. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design to Html should be perfect for any devices. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should check QA.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correct programming for responsive website.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Again check by QA team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally hopefully you will get correct appearances at different devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use tools for checking responsive design, so you can use below tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studiopress.com/responsive/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.studiopress.com/responsive/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.responsinator.com/?url=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.responsinator.com/?url=&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also may you find out others tools by search.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: But don't forget that tools result aren't perfect for all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8643" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T12:13:30.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11676" CreationDate="2015-01-02T12:30:49.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As answered above there is no such thing as &quot;waterfall testing&quot;. &#xA;Waterfall Model is a software development methodology. There are various other methodologies also.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OEC6L.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All design technique have their own pros and cons. which methodology to follow, depends on what strategy and processes are followed in ur organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;U can go through the book by Rex Black for ISTQB. Also there are many other good blogs u can read to enhance your knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T12:30:49.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11682" CreationDate="2015-01-02T16:09:45.267" Score="0" ViewCount="707" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Excel to highlight differences in two outputs that should be the same. My problem is that even if they're different by a value of 0.001 (which is technically correct), I want to add a threshold that caters for small amounts like this. So if A1 and B1 are within 0.001 of each other, for example, then it's true. Any more than this and then it becomes false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cells are also being rounded so currently look like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=ROUND(AJ4,6)=ROUND(T4/100,6)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciated! Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T11:39:24.323" Title="Adding a threshold amount to an Excel formula for validation" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11681" CreationDate="2015-01-02T17:32:40.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One approach is to check the absolute value against a threshold, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=ABS(ROUND(AJ4,6)-ROUND(T4/100,6)) &amp;lt; 0.001&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The threshold value has to be chosen knowing the magnitude of values being compared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might compute the threshold based on the actual values, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=(ROUND(AJ4,6)+ROUND(T4/100,6))/(2000)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This gives one-thousandth of the average of the two values, but may give a divide by zero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combining all the these you might try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=if(ROUND(AJ4,6)=ROUND(T4/100,6),true,ABS(ROUND(AJ4,6)-ROUND(T4/100,6))&amp;lt; (ROUND(AJ4,6)+ROUND(T4/100,6))/(2000))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But using all these &lt;code&gt;ROUND&lt;/code&gt; calls may hinder the evaluation, so it may be better as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=if(ROUND(AJ4,6)=ROUND(T4/100,6),true,ABS(AJ4-T4/100)&amp;lt;(AJ4+T4/100)/(2000))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="6752" LastEditDate="2015-01-02T19:20:43.573" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T19:20:43.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11684" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-02T20:18:18.170" Score="3" ViewCount="719" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a book I have, it says that for agile project, blended test strategy is the best, where it should use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risk based strategy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reactive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated regression&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I was about to implement in our project but now I realized - how can our testers verify the requirements? None of these strategies really uses functional specifition (or e.g. stories and their description), unlike classical requirements-based one, which authors mention to have issues with agile approach because requirements change. That makes sense, however, it means testers cannot really verify the functionality. Do I get that right or is there something I cannot see? So far on all projects I have been to, testers in the beginning of the sprint wrote test cases in advance, which does not go with these strategies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10652" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T12:10:01.780" Title="Blended testing strategy in agile. Is it really possible to do efficiently?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11684" CreationDate="2015-01-02T21:24:24.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's exactly what we do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using our own best guest, we evaluate risk of stories coming through the pipeline, test manually what is most important or we get feedback, or test cases as identified in requirements. In &quot;plentiful spare time&quot; we are building a suite of automated regression tests to cover core functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is just common sense. What other approach we could use to spend our limited resources? Even if we try to test only the most important, it is still too much work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any sufficiently complex system is way too complicated to know all relationships between parts in a deterministic way, take best guess what is risky and/or likely affected by current stories, and hope for the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-01-02T21:24:24.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11684" CreationDate="2015-01-03T08:04:14.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my view, this approach can be used only for less formal projects. Normally, test cases are required to exist to verify the functionality and to form a regression pack. This cannot be done without &lt;strong&gt;requirement-based strategy&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the suggested blended strategy, testers do not prepare test cases ahead and on most projects, you cannot afford to leave something untested. Even if the requirements are vague or incomplete, they are the test basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T08:04:14.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11627" CreationDate="2015-01-03T08:26:01.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;uTest was rebranded a while ago as Applause, but back when it was uTest I considered hiring them. I think I filled something out online and then a sales engineer followed up with a call. It's not free. When I chatted with them they charged per &quot;test cycle&quot; and recommended 3 cycles for our app. The test cycle was flat rate plus a monthly charge to use their platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get a better idea I'd fill out the price estimator here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.applause.com/pricing-estimator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.applause.com/pricing-estimator&lt;/a&gt;. My guess is they will follow up with you once you do that. If all else fails fill out the contact form: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.applause.com/contact-us&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.applause.com/contact-us&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other crowd sourced testing services like Applause that allow you to choose what type of testing you'd like to do and spread the work across numerous users with different devices. Depending on your goals this might be good or bad. Other options could include dog fooding your app or hiring an individual usability tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-01-04T02:19:55.173" LastActivityDate="2015-01-04T02:19:55.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11684" CreationDate="2015-01-03T09:03:50.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never heard of &quot;reactive testing&quot; so I'm not sure what exactly that means. Any idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A blended strategy in the sense of using different test techniques and approaches can be a powerful idea but you (and your fellow testers) need to understand when to use them and when not to. Always make the strategic decision based on the context of your test project and your testing mission. For some projects it might make sense to do automation while on others it won't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to answer your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So I was about to implement in our project but now I realized - how&#xA;  can our testers verify the requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask yourself what is your testing objective, what is your mission? Do you need to verify requirements, or rather help identify regression issues? This will help you determine your techniques. This might change with each project. Context is key, remember there are no best practices just good practices in context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;None of these strategies really uses functional specifition (or e.g.&#xA;  stories and their description), unlike classical requirements-based&#xA;  one, which authors mention to have issues with agile approach because&#xA;  requirements change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you saying you've never heard of someone automating requirements testing or automating functional testing? Whenever I use a risk based approach to testing I look for all available information including specs. I don't understand your logic here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That makes sense, however, it means testers cannot really verify the&#xA;  functionality. Do I get that right or is there something I cannot see?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you missed something here. Remember techniques overlap as do approaches. You can test functionality while automating it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So far on all projects I have been to, testers in the beginning of the&#xA;  sprint wrote test cases in advance, which does not go with these&#xA;  strategies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you're talking about a scripted approach to testing as opposed to a more exploratory one. You can use either approach with the techniques listed (note I don't know what book your referring to so I'm only responding to what you've said).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T09:03:50.147" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11675" CreationDate="2015-01-03T10:16:34.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that JMeter Load Test needs to look as close to reality as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particular in your case: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real browsers of real users &lt;strong&gt;download all embedded resources&lt;/strong&gt; like images, scripts, styles, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real browsers of real users do it &lt;strong&gt;only once&lt;/strong&gt;, on the next request(s) those resources are returned from the browser cache. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To simulate this behavior (and also to let JMeter respect &quot;Cache-Control&quot; and &quot;Expires&quot; headers) just add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan - it will be the best option.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other test elements which can make your test more realistic are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; - to represent browser cookies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Header_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt; - to send &quot;User-Agent&quot;, &quot;Accept-Encoding&quot; and other headers which may have impact&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In addition to all above you need to properly configure your HTTP Request samplers (preferably via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt; so you could have all configuration in one place). See &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/115022-how-to-make-jmeter-behave-more-like-a-real-browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to make JMeter behave more like a real browser&lt;/a&gt; guide for exact instructions. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T10:16:34.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2015-01-03T11:37:28.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, every test cannot be automated&#xA;For example if you want to test a colour of a page in a web application, this is not possible with automation. Like this we can say that so many tests are there that cannot be automated like security tests, usability tests etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10654" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T11:37:28.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11692" CreationDate="2015-01-03T18:59:16.817" Score="6" ViewCount="649" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I get installer for older IE version?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing, I often need particular version and have found compatibility mode to not be good. Where is some nice directory of every version? Extra langauage versions are optional. Then how do you run them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10656" LastEditorUserId="24388" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T17:38:23.600" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T17:38:23.600" Title="Get older versions of Internet Explorer" Tags="&lt;testing-environment&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;&lt;ie8&gt;&lt;compatibility-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11691" CreationDate="2015-01-03T19:20:13.157" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.modern.ie/en-us&quot;&gt;modern.ie&lt;/a&gt; (by Microsoft) because they carry all IE browsers from IE6 to IE11 and it's free. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You basically choose which version of IE you want and it comes prepackaged with its own virtual machine so you don't have to install anything. Just run and test. The downside is the virtual machines are time limited and expire after a certain amount of time which means you have to re-download and install.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.saucelabs.com&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt; which allows you to run virtualized version of IE through a website (remotely). If you need multiple language versions you might try MSDN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-01-03T19:20:13.157" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11691" CreationDate="2015-01-04T02:27:02.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.browserstack.com/&lt;/a&gt; where you can not only get older versions of IE but pretty much any browser you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10660" LastActivityDate="2015-01-04T02:27:02.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11694" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-04T13:10:12.507" Score="1" ViewCount="4814" Body="&lt;p&gt;How difficult is it to start writing test-scripts for someone who has been coding in Java? I've been hearing a lot about test-automation, selenium, test-script and so on but I cant get my hands on code-examples or something that can give me an understanding of the difficulty level?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My java skills are intermediate. I have a strong foundation and know the basic language very well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if someone is willing, I would gladly appreciate real code-example of test-script in Java.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:01:53.320" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:01:53.320" Title="How difficult is selenium and test-automation in general?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-01-09T20:16:39.800" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11694" CreationDate="2015-01-05T07:48:58.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you know java, writing selenium script won't be difficult for you.&#xA;Automation script are similar o what when we write code for some functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start with selenium setup the environment for selenium and start with any simple program like hello world or prime number etc., then gradually start writing scripts for some functionality in any of your projects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sample code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Webdriver_class&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA; public static void main(String[] args)&#xA; {&#xA;  WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;  driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;  System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;  driver.close();&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-05T07:53:29.847" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T07:53:29.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11696" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-05T08:09:35.377" Score="1" ViewCount="2137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just started using JMeter. I recorded a test script successfully. Now that I replay my test scripts it doesn't do the required functionality that it was meant to do. More over the process i recorded took me about 5mins to record but the scripts run successfully in 30seconds. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please help me? JMeter doesn't show anything in the errors log. All scripts are marked successful and the errors in the summary report are 0%. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastEditorUserId="11750" LastEditDate="2015-04-23T16:08:29.260" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T18:54:26.177" Title="Scripts in JMeter run successfully but doesn't do the required functionality on my application" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11696" CreationDate="2015-01-05T10:47:45.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please follow below steps to achieve your testing goal :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Create thread group with following option :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;No. of threads : 100&#xA;Ramp up period : 300 Seconds [5 Minutes]&#xA;loop count : 0 [ZERO]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Add listeners [To see result of load] ,  1 - View result tree , 2 - Summary report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Record your test using :  HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder - Perform all scenario in you site you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Stop recording when you complete site surf.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Run this test plan and see result that how your site behave when 100 users come to site and surf till 5 minutes continue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you get any confusion in above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T10:47:45.497" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9576" CreationDate="2015-01-05T12:01:47.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;ETL basically stands for Extract Transform Load - which simply implies the process where you extract data from Source Tables, transform them in to the desired format based on certain rules and finally load them onto Target tables. There are numerous tools that help you with ETL process - Informatica, Control-M being a few notable ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So ETL Testing implies - Testing this entire process using a tool or at table level with the help of test cases and Rules Mapping document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In ETL Testing, the following are validated -&#xA;1) Data File loads from Source system on to Source Tables.&#xA;2) The ETL Job that is designed to extract data from Source tables and then move them to staging tables. (Transform process)&#xA;3) Data validation within the Staging tables to check all Mapping Rules / Transformation Rules are followed.&#xA;4) Data Validation within Target tables to ensure data is present in required format and there is no data loss from Source to Target tables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please visit these links&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etltestingguide.blogspot.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://etltestingguide.blogspot.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/etl-testing-data-warehouse-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/etl-testing-data-warehouse-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T12:01:47.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11684" CreationDate="2015-01-05T12:10:01.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the other responses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is always a &quot;specification&quot; in the form of the software itself. Even if there are no user stories or other formal documents, there is a piece of software that does something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From that and the knowledge (however vague) of what the users of the software want it to do - the goal - it's possible to build a test strategy using a blended approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that situation, given that the goals for a sprint will not (barring emergency) change during that sprint, the start of sprint test activities can include any of these activities, depending on the technical levels of the testers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding the previous sprint's functionality to regression automation suites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pairing with programmers to assist them in writing good unit tests and get an understanding of the internal limits of the software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Revising existing test documentation as needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Building test charters for the areas that you know will need to be covered, and potentially writing acceptance tests as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working with other team members to perform more detailed risk analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T12:10:01.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11694" CreationDate="2015-01-05T13:51:49.000" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like many aspects of programming, it's not that hard to get started, and even to write something that looks like a test. The real difficulty lies in test engineering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know Java, particularly if you've used JUnit before, you can get started with Selenium in about ten minutes. If you know Maven, you can simply add the dependencies to your pom.xml as with any library, browse &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&quot;&gt;some of the basic documentation&lt;/a&gt;, and be well on your way to automating your tests. Copy and paste ad nauseum and you will rapidly have a suite of tests... that are fairly fragile, difficult to maintain, and likely to be abandoned before too long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Engineering automated tests is a whole topic in itself, but you'll want to educate yourself on common pitfalls and the DRY principle if you want your tests to be maintainable. The Webdriver/Selenium community has rallied around the idea of PageObjects, which is a major concept that helps simplify test maintenance by, in essence, creating a layer of objects whose responsibility is knowing how to interact with your application, leaving the tests the responsibility of defining correct behavior. This means that when the application changes, you only have to adjust a few lines of code, not dozens or hundreds of test cases. If you do nothing else, read up on PageObjects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test scripts can be as simple as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * Runs before every test to ensure we're on the right page.&#xA; */&#xA;@Before&#xA;public void SetUp() {       &#xA;    //Navigate to the Location page&#xA;    locationPage = (LocationPage) PageFactory.initElements(driver, LocationPage.class).navigateTo();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Test: Verify that when given a valid zip code, the location page accepts it as valid.&#xA; * &#xA; * Given I am on the location page&#xA; * When I enter a valid zip code&#xA; * Then the page should recognize that the zip code is valid&#xA; * &#xA; * @throws Exception if the location page does not respond to the zip code entered&#xA; */&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testValidZipcodeIsValid() throws Exception {&#xA;    assertTrue(locationPage.zipcodeIsValid(&quot;94044&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(and yes, I just noticed I forgot to type the Exception, oopsie)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or a more complex example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * Test:&#xA; * Given that I am on the product page&#xA; * When I click the “A-Z” button&#xA; * Then the tires should be sorted alphabetically in ascending order&#xA; * When I click the “Z-A” button&#xA; * Then the tires should be sorted alphabetically in descending order&#xA; */&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void sortAlpha() {&#xA;    Map&amp;lt;Criteria, Boolean&amp;gt; criteriaList = new HashMap&amp;lt;Criteria, Boolean&amp;gt;();&#xA;    criteriaList.put(Criteria.MULTISIZE, false);&#xA;&#xA;    Vehicle vehicle = Vehicle.getRandomVehicleByCriteria(criteriaList);&#xA;    logger.info(&quot;Using vehicle &quot; + vehicle);&#xA;&#xA;    vehiclePage.selectVehicle(vehicle);&#xA;    verifyPage = (VerifyPage) vehiclePage.clickNext();&#xA;    tireCoachPage = (TireCoachPage) verifyPage.clickNext();&#xA;&#xA;    productPage = (ProductPage) tireCoachPage.clickNext();&#xA;&#xA;    productPage.sortBy(Sort.AtoZ);&#xA;    verifyTiresSortedAlphabetically(true);&#xA;&#xA;    productPage.sortBy(Sort.ZtoA);&#xA;    verifyTiresSortedAlphabetically(false);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T13:51:49.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9576" CreationDate="2015-01-05T14:04:31.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, solely testing ETL isn't a viable career path. As Brent suggested, it would be a part of Business Intelligence but not normally something that can be done by itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In answer to your other question, ETL development would be creating the functionality that enables the Extract - Transform - Load process to work, whereas ETL testing would be ensuring that the process works as per the business requirements and producing the required data. Or, that's been the case at the places I've worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&#xA;Dan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T14:04:31.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11696" CreationDate="2015-01-05T14:25:26.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that you have &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; enabled&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure that you properly handle any dynamic mandatory parameters like &quot;VIEWSTATE&quot;, &quot;SESSIONID&quot;, etc. Record the same sequence several times and look for any request parameters which are different. If they are, you'll need to correlate them by extracting dynamic bits from previous response via&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSS/JQuery_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSS/JQuery Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and add those as parameters into next request. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/aspnet-login-testing-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ASP.NET Login Testing with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for reference, it assumes some .NET specific dynamic parameters, however the approach should be the same for any backend technology. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-01-05T14:25:26.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11703" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-05T16:15:10.000" Score="2" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to clarify the difference between Acceptance testing vs System testing, which has led me down the road of separating validation from verification activities. So, I am focusing on business use cases to drive an acceptance test. It seems only validation activities should be in the Acceptance test, but it seems some verification might be a good thing. It seems not so clear as to what to include as a question vs. supplying some kind of system report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have different requirement types and am generating use case diagrams to cover them. Some of the requirements I have represent specifications, or are rather specific shall statements, and I am not sure if they belong in the ATP, it seems they should be solely in the System test, not Acceptance test. Should I list these specifications in the ATP and have the user verify compliance (although verify usually belongs in the system tests) or leave them out of the ATP all together? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirement resembling specification example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;the x module shall display all date fields in the following format mm/dd/yyyy&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;the x view should not display closed items&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10670" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-06T11:51:55.687" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T11:51:55.687" Title="Should an acceptance test cover requirements that resemble specifications?" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11706" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11711" CreationDate="2015-01-05T20:32:47.927" Score="4" ViewCount="486" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I get further into test automation, I have begun to wonder what QA activity should be directed towards verifying that automated tests do in fact do what they say on the tin?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated Tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Require significant investment of time and resources to set up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They claim to give the company confidence in the quality of its product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are programs in themselves, and can be quite complex (indeed, GUI testing can often be frustratingly difficult to get right)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation is often seen as a lesser activity, and assigned to more junior developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review of test automation cases can be weaker than review of production code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that significant resources are put into creating automated tests, and that they serve a commercially valuable purpose, what review/ QA processes should, in your view, be directed at confirming that they work? Has anyone here found tests that appear to pass whilst not actually exercising the SUT in an epistemically valid way? Or even worse, tests that just end with &quot;return true;&quot;? Obviously we can't get into an infinite regression, where we write tests that test tests that test tests that test tests... etc., but is it reasonable to direct some quality assurance activity towards validating test code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you adopt page object model style testing, you may end up with complex object models that represent the SUT to your tests - this is another area that may require QA attention - the ancillary code that supports test execution. Test framework code should be rigorous. How do you ensure that rigor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that the answer to this will depend on the criticality of the SUT (e.g. dispensary systems require greater assurance that flash games), but what sort of questions should I be asking myself and others about the validity of our test code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7575" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T12:20:27.007" Title="Automated Testing: What QA processes should be directed at validating test code?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11707" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-05T20:57:07.247" Score="3" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to create a system where a clearly-defined local filesystem folder structure follows a specific pattern. Programmatically or manually violating the pattern should throw an exception. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;company/&#xA;  |&#xA;  ---&amp;gt; building/&#xA;           |&#xA;           ----&amp;gt; images/&#xA;           |        |&#xA;           |        ---&amp;gt;image.jpg&#xA;           |&#xA;           |---&amp;gt; issues/&#xA;                    |&#xA;                    -----&amp;gt; current/&#xA;                    |&#xA;                    -----&amp;gt; archive/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pattern above is simplified vs. reality (imagine 7 levels deep and wide).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thinking is that I can use Junit to make sure the pattern is met. I started writing some custom code with the Paths API in Java 7 over Spring MVC, though it seems like there has to be a faster way that's less error prone. I would want the application to enforce the pattern rather than the OS or an external script.  Are there any re-usable classes with that might do this with Junit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10676" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T17:44:20.447" Title="Enforced Folder Structure in Java for Uploaded Files" Tags="&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-01-25T16:47:57.753" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11703" CreationDate="2015-01-06T00:24:40.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main difference between Acceptance and System testing is that Acceptance testing should be (in ideal world) defined before coding started. It is a suite of requirements/use cases agreed with customer, which must be passed to accept product. It is a part of &quot;business&quot;. System test - it is a part of personal responsibility/quality of project QA. So, you could leave a lot of requirements out of acceptance test suite, but ATP (in general case) should be accepted by customer before execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T00:24:40.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11710" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-06T11:30:03.310" Score="6" ViewCount="7597" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the link for a simple chat application with room concept which I'm referring to learn how to create socket.io applications - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mcantelon/chatrooms&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mcantelon/chatrooms&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to test how much load this application takes for socket.io.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I test how many connections it serves successfully? Is there any tool or method to achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10684" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T13:05:37.323" Title="How can I test load for a chat app built on node.js and socket.io?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;sockets&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11706" CreationDate="2015-01-06T12:20:27.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally, test automation should be subject to the same level of validation production code gets - which of course tends to lead to the &quot;turtles all the way down&quot; problem with test code that tests the test code which tests the test code which... ad infinitum. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I've found as a viable alternative is a collection of practices and strategies that generally work to keep test automation in reasonable order (this is not an exclusive list - just what comes to mind at 7am):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code reviews&lt;/strong&gt; - either a developer or another test automator (the latter is better unless the developer is familiar with the automation code base) reviews any new code. This helps keep out the &quot;return true&quot; issues and also allows for suggestions to improve the code structure, mentions of helper libraries that already contain function a tester is trying to rebuild (this happens when the test codebase is large enough - I've done it then had to clean up and unify the functions), and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Result analysis&lt;/strong&gt; - someone goes through every run and checks that any non-passing results are actual issues. This can be horribly time-consuming with badly written test automation (been there...) and acts as an incentive to clean up the automation code so it's easier to pinpoint the first difference from expectations. In my previous position, I inherited 10 year old automation code that had started life as record-playback using key presses to manipulate the application in test, and often the only way to figure out what had gone wrong was to replay the run (all 4+ hours of it...) and watch until something happened. I sincerely hope that particular script has been deprecated...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maintain a summary of results over time&lt;/strong&gt; - this can be really helpful when it comes to evaluating the reliability of your automation code. If one script gives a lot of false alarms, it's a good candidate for a refactor. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Allocate time to maintain the automation codebase&lt;/strong&gt; - This is critical, and in my experience tends to be forgotten. When all your automators have to borrow time for maintenance on the automation codebase, it will grow more fragile over time, &lt;em&gt;even if any additions include refactoring the areas affected by the new code&lt;/em&gt;. I'd recommend freeing someone to simply monitor how much time they spend on automation code maintenance for a few weeks to get an idea of how much time your code base needs, then using that figure as the basis of an &quot;x hours per week&quot; non-negotiable time allocation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-01-06T12:20:27.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11710" CreationDate="2015-01-07T11:11:36.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Socket.IO uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebSocket&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebSocket&lt;/a&gt; protocol so you need to look for a load testing tool capable of WebSocket testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I'm aware there is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/maciejzaleski/JMeter-WebSocketSampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebSocket Plugin&lt;/a&gt; for  &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; which can be used to stress your chat application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/websocket-testing-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebSocket Testing With Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-01-07T11:11:36.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11715" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-07T11:44:49.577" Score="7" ViewCount="20855" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as associate developer and I have 1 year of experience. But I really wish to switch into testing, as I have completed Manual Testing and QTP course, and because I have less knowledge in writing code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to know the possibilities and reasons to say during interviews when I am asked why I am switching from dev to testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10698" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-07T12:12:18.207" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T05:38:38.750" Title="Switching into testing from development" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11715" CreationDate="2015-01-07T11:57:42.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are having interest in testing then you should have been start your career as QA/Tester instead of developer. but its ok its great now you awake and want to set your career as QA  in which you have actual interest. QA/Tester career is really good if you update your knowledge regularly , get experience in automation etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In interview there is no need to be lie , you should tell interviewer clearly that I am not having very good command over coding which I feel during 1 year and also my main interest is testing instead of development so want to switch job as tester profile. This is best way to be honest in interview regarding your field switch question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is , you can tell that I was really in need of job and at that time I did not try to find more job on specific interest field and got job as developer and I accepted as I needed job really so. Also tell that now I want to switch to my interest field like QA because I feel that I can make my career strong as QA rather than development because I am having interest in QA profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-01-07T11:57:42.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11717" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-07T12:03:28.973" Score="1" ViewCount="3747" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to select an option from the Popup Menu. I tried all possible combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I click on a button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Popup menu opens&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select an option from the list of options.&#xA; a) Edit&#xA; b) Delete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every time I try to record this though the ID changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10700" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T20:51:39.893" LastActivityDate="2018-12-25T20:03:05.647" Title="Selenium IDE - Selecting an option from Popup Menu when the ID is dynamic" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11715" CreationDate="2015-01-07T12:20:17.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you enjoy testing more than you enjoy developing, then that's all you need to say. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No sensible interviewer expects a developer with a year's experience to have really good coding skills: unless your skills with code are weak compared to other developers with your level of experience it should not be an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a personal note, I started my career as a developer, which I enjoyed, then found myself in a situation where the only job I could get was in testing which I liked even more. I've been a tester ever since. A tester who knows code is a valuable asset to a software development team - they can automate and depending on the nature of the code can sometimes pinpoint the exact problem and offer suggestions on the fix (I've done this - I'm a bit more experienced with SQL than some of the developers I work with, so there are times when I'll wind up debugging their queries for them and giving them advice on how to fix them. The good ones don't mind because it saves all of us work.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-01-07T12:20:17.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11719" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-07T14:48:51.797" Score="2" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose, your company develops mobile apps for different platforms with different teams &amp;amp; technologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which points would you put on the checklist to analyse the ROI (or usefulness) of automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the app native/hybrid?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could we modify the source code?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many releases are planned in the next year?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How big is the user base?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any unit-test done?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What programming languages does the team master?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else is important?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastEditorUserId="1781" LastEditDate="2015-01-07T16:33:14.577" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T07:08:54.357" Title="Checklist for mobile apps automation ROI" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5874" CreationDate="2015-01-07T15:41:16.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When testing NFC components or devices, both analog (RF) and digital&#xA;  (protocol) tests must be performed. Analog tests measure such things&#xA;  as power levels, waveform quality, frequency accuracy, and modulation,&#xA;  while digital tests check for things like low-layer protocol&#xA;  exchanges, link timings and framing, as well as higher level protocols&#xA;  layers like Logical Link Control Protocol (LLCP) and Simple NDEF&#xA;  Exchange Protocol (SNEP).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please go through this &lt;a href=&quot;http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5991-2738EN.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pdf&lt;/a&gt; for more info. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some more links which may be of some help are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.litepoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/NFC_Whitepaper_021814.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test considerations for NFC enabled devices in manufacturing&lt;/a&gt; - A Whitepaper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.promethylhosting.nfc.test&amp;amp;hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Near Field NFC Tester (an android app)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eetimes.com/author.asp?doc_id=1324887&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;7 Misconceptions About NFC Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/37936/how-can-i-test-the-nfc-capability-of-my-android&quot;&gt;How can I test the NFC capability of my Android?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tested.com/tech/android/2234-how-to-have-fun-with-near-field-communication-on-android/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Have Fun with Near Field Communication on Android&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:18:37.267" LastActivityDate="2015-01-07T15:57:58.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11719" CreationDate="2015-01-07T15:59:09.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have mixed questions which fall in multiple categories&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation Coverage (Functional / Regression Maintenance)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation Design Aspects - Maintainability &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation ROI timeline vs Cost of Development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each Factor need to analysed separately&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you develop automation, Is it extensible, How easy to modify / add new cases ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duration of development, What is the effort saved in manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the coverage of Automation for Functional / Regression cases - Device Coverage ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have thought through Automation Strategy (Functional/ Regression), Development efforts, Savings (Immediate / Recursive Release over Release) you will have answers for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-01-07T15:59:09.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9735" CreationDate="2015-01-07T18:12:28.950" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me give some advice I got from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog&quot;&gt;James Bach&lt;/a&gt;. He likes to make the distinction between a test plan and the test plan &lt;em&gt;document&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;test plan document&lt;/strong&gt; is the written form of the test plan. This can vary quite a bit depending on the company you work for and in my experience can range from lean or minimal to bloated (I’ve seen so many bloated test plan documents in large companies based on templates designed to make the team “look good” or &quot;cover everything&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most “testing standards” like IEEE829 seem to care more about the document of the test plan and it’s structure then they care about the context of what’s good or useful to the team or testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;test plan&lt;/strong&gt; typically contains the &lt;strong&gt;logistics&lt;/strong&gt; of the testing project and &lt;strong&gt;your test strategy&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Logistics&lt;/strong&gt; can include who does what testing, when (estimates) and end dates. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test strategy&lt;/strong&gt; will be how you the things you want to test, or the things you have time to test or the ideas that guide your choice of tests. Bach’s &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/htsm.pdf&quot;&gt;Heuristics Test Strategy Mode&lt;/a&gt;l (HTSM) is designed to help testers determine what your test strategy should be. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of if you write it down (I can think of a few examples of where you wouldn’t) and the format you follow (build one on your own for a lean / minimal product or use a bloated template) the most important part is understanding the purpose of the plan and that's to &lt;strong&gt;guide your testing&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-01-07T18:17:37.617" LastActivityDate="2015-01-07T18:17:37.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10463" CreationDate="2015-01-08T05:07:06.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to do something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.17&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$ --&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;!-- Sets the VM argument line used for unit tests are run. --&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;src/test/resources/testng/testng.xml&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;target/surefire-reports/testngfailed.xml&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10704" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-08T11:53:17.470" LastActivityDate="2015-01-08T11:53:17.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9735" CreationDate="2015-01-08T05:08:51.027" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to IEEE 829 format : These are the main points :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Plan Identifier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;References&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Items&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Risk Issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Features to be Tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Features not to be Tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Item Pass/Fail Criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suspension Criteria and Resumption Requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Deliverables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remaining Test Tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environmental Needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Staffing and Training Needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Responsibilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Schedule&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Planning Risks and Contingencies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Approvals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Glossary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10705" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-01-08T06:27:18.303" LastActivityDate="2015-01-08T06:27:18.303" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11727" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-08T05:43:17.033" Score="0" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new to mobile testing. I do not have any knowledge of creating test tool for mobile application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to create a test tool for Android 2.3 and above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone describe how to make tools for mobile app testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10706" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-08T11:51:50.620" LastActivityDate="2018-10-29T00:43:54.183" Title="how to develop testing tool for android?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11715" CreationDate="2015-01-08T06:50:18.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I almost complete agree with Kate Paulk. Almost because I would say: If you don't have fun during work - change your job. In the last years I saw many (ok they were mostly trainees but hey..) people who didn't have fun in their given parts of software engineering and their useful output was much lower than the output of those who had fun doing their job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For myself I also started as a developer after my traning as a software engineer. In my freetime I'm in a leading position of a small browser game and so I don't only code but also do requirements enineering and QA. After some time I noticed for myself I'm stronger in this parts of the whole process than in writing code. So I was happy when I had the chance to switch from development to QA. I noticed that I can can analyses problems very well and with my experience as a developer I find many bugs my QA partners (who have no experience as a developer) don't find (keywords: experience driven testing / error guessing). Furthermore my knowlegde helps me to write automated tests like load test, automated GUI tests and so on. I also noticed in several testing courses (e.g. of ISTQB) that many tester who don't have experience in developing (may) have certain problems in understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To conclude this and came back to the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have more fun in testing that's the most valuabe point. As more fun means more motivation and (much) better output of your work. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With your experience as a developer but your strengths in testing you are also more worth for the company as you can generate better output again. Maybe you can also improve QA in general due automated testing and so (see part above)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: Tell the truth and make the advantages of your switch from developement to testing clear. Any wise boss will understand it and you'll get work :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck anyway (you always need a bit luck) - and remember: It's all about fun and motivation at work! Not about the money!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-01-08T06:50:18.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11717" CreationDate="2015-01-08T08:08:47.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please see here &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDBp6hErHlY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDBp6hErHlY&lt;/a&gt; a small example. I'd took youtube.com to show it. &lt;code&gt;Pause&lt;/code&gt; command was added only to show that popup menu is opened&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you use &lt;em&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/em&gt; in some cases you can choose one of several options in &quot;target&quot; field&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes &lt;code&gt;tail&lt;/code&gt; could be removed. I'd try to remove &lt;code&gt;/button&lt;/code&gt; but it should be in displayed case&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, &quot;it depends&quot; which locator you should select. It could be &lt;code&gt;/a[1]&lt;/code&gt; link (but if there a lot of links on page - you should define &lt;em&gt;XPath&lt;/em&gt; carefully - please study tutorials about &lt;em&gt;XPath&lt;/em&gt;), it could be &lt;code&gt;/li[1]&lt;/code&gt; elements, it could be &lt;code&gt;(//button[@type='button'][1])&lt;/code&gt; and other kind of &lt;em&gt;XPath&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T09:25:31.380" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T09:25:31.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10474" CreationDate="2015-01-09T03:00:03.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The load test should reflect the kind of traffic you expect to see in production.  If that means a lack of button presses when a page is in a certain state, that's what you should do.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that the server allows workflows that the client prevents is good to know, but apparently your customer believes most traffic will come from users who use the client as intended.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T03:00:03.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11515" CreationDate="2015-01-09T07:01:08.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seetest provides a certificate in a custom format that can be applied with the Seetest application. Prior to that, you have to provide them the device UDID, so it looks like they register that in one of their Apple Dev accounts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no special setup required, this works with Apps originally signed with an Enterprise account or a normal Dev account. For example the builds you put on TestFlight work fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9376" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T07:01:08.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11738" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-09T08:07:45.383" Score="3" ViewCount="990" Body="&lt;p&gt;I may be expected to perform code reviews in what'll likely be Java. The thing is, I'm a software test engineer. I've never been a developer nor programmer. I've always thought another developer would be doing this sort of thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have learned C, C++, Java, Perl, and concepts like OOP and design patterns in college (more than 10 years ago). I've picked up the fundamentals of Python and MySQL on my own recently. I may not be able to count on training for this, so what are some things I can do on my own to prepare for this? What else should I be aware of from a code review perspective?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="46791" OwnerDisplayName="ackmondual" LastEditorUserId="10713" LastEditDate="2015-01-09T20:19:49.507" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T01:44:48.657" Title="New to code reviews. How to approach from a software test engineer perspective?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;review&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11739" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-09T10:16:39.170" Score="2" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a really strange error occurring when using Selenium IDE and that is when this function is called, any attempts to use the Play Current Test Case button no longer work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium.prototype.doClickSearchTemplate = function (locator, action) {&#xA;profileToggleButton = null;&#xA;profileName = '';&#xA;$ = _getGlobalVar('jQuery');&#xA;&#xA;var locator = locator || 'id=content';&#xA;/* Find where element is located (so parent div for example) */&#xA;var reportBlockContainer = this.page().findElement(locator);&#xA;&#xA;//find labels and if text typed into selenium matches one of the elem's then click to change button selected&#xA;jQuery(reportBlockContainer).find('.reportBlockHeader h2 strong').each(function(index, elem) { &#xA;    profileName = $.trim(jQuery(elem).text());&#xA;    if (profileName == action)  &#xA;        profileToggleButton = elem.parentNode.previousElementSibling; // previousSibling = jQuery(elem).parent().prev().get(0);&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;if (profileToggleButton === null)&#xA;    throw new SeleniumError(&quot;Invalid Search Template Name: &quot; +action);&#xA;&#xA;this.browserbot.clickElement(profileToggleButton);&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any idea of why this would happen? The function works but its clearly clashing with something else? I'm just stumped with why&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9246" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T10:16:39.170" Title="Play current test case button stops working after custom function called" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T08:52:50.123" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11738" CreationDate="2015-01-09T11:11:35.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a fellow QA engineer, my advice to you is: &lt;strong&gt;don't&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;If you'll be reviewing code, you'll be partly responsible for the code's quality. But to do this task thoroughly, you need to have sufficient expertise and experience.&#xA;Do you have a clear view on the framework, the legacy code? Do you know common best practices for Java programming? Are you up to date with the newest Java possibilities and perhaps new insights in OOP and such?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm guessing most of these answers are 'no'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be in a position where you can't refuse, but you should address this issue with your manager anyway. Explain that solid code reviews can only be done, as you correctly assume, by developer peers, seniors preferably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short: &lt;strong&gt;code reviewing is none of a tester's business&lt;/strong&gt; (unless, perhaps, test automation code). The exception being, of course, if you actually want to do this! But then ask yourself if you have enough knowledge to do the job properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like your management is trying to save resources one way or another, but such attitudes end up costing more in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T11:11:35.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11738" CreationDate="2015-01-09T12:27:03.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When working in teams one of the most important added value of code-reviews is knowledge sharing. This leads me to think that other developers on the team should do the reviews and not testers who do not add code to the code-base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you read the free (relative short) e-book &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/resources/whitepapers/best-kept-secrets-of-peer-code-review/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The best kept secrets of peer code review&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, its totally worth the read if you want to get into code-reviews. The main suggestion is that reviewers build a checklist to find common/high-risk mistakes. Afterwards monitor that those mistake become less and when they don't return remove them from the checklist. Start with a personal checklist and share it publicly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester you can help create and or use this (or other persons) checklist to check the code. Depending on your programming skills this might be something you could do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YMZSO.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-09T15:28:45.333" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T15:28:45.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11738" CreationDate="2015-01-09T14:26:23.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I support Frederik's answer that testers should not be involved in code reviews. But it is good for testers to be involved in other higher level reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers should review the requirements and specifications to see whether they can be tested. There are many criteria that a tester might consider. A few of them are: Are the requirements and specifications clear enough and precise enough for test cases to be written? If not then how would the developers know what they should be making? How complex is the product and much effort will be needed to perform testing? Has the project management allocated sufficient time and resources to the testing? Are there features of the project that are complex or expensive to test but that add little value to the end user?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T14:26:23.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2015-01-09T16:31:27.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the job i have currently my boss asked me how i would QA a calculator program. The company was adding a multiplication functionality and wanted to know how i would go about testing it. The first thing i did was pull out a note pad and paper and started writing down boundary cases and COS requirements. This was definitely impressive for him because it showed that i was able to plan before just jumping in. Most interviewees he said would just spout off several cases that came to mind but with me i comprehensively dissected the problem in terms of boundaries and what needed to work in order for the development to pass(Acceptance testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T16:31:27.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11738" CreationDate="2015-01-09T16:42:17.400" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer appears to fly in the face of the other answers so far.  I think code reviews are a very valuable way to keep QA informed, and to understand what they are testing at a much lower level.  Primarily for the same reason I think having code coverage results on manual and automated test passes are important, I think code reviews are also important.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not so much getting into the weeds with code reviews (although it can be as you become a more experienced developer), but more about pointing out differences at a high level in your understanding of acceptance criteria vs implementation, and also understanding how things work.  You may find that 4 or 5 of your test scenarios are all handled under the hood by the same method in the code, which can help you determine if your tests are equivalent and even necessary.  You may also find out that the way something was implemented was completely different than what you expected, and that can help direct your testing efforts to the right areas.  You also get a chance to communicate with the developer directly and ask questions about risky areas, or discover code complexity that could lead to heavier testing of certain features.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, there are plenty of things you can point out even with a very novice understanding of code, such as missing comments, extremely large functions that may need to be broken down into smaller digestible pieces, or duplicated or copied code that could be consolidated.  You also may find that additional features or special handling of certain scenarios were added that were not outlined in the acceptance criteria and can then ask whether those things are acceptable.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even without having a formal code review process for QA engineers, I have found it helpful to monitor check-ins just so I can keep up on what is being done, which can vary dramatically from what is actually spec'd out or part of user stories.  It is amazing how often I find that developers have re-factored or modified something completely outside of the scope of changes for an iteration that I would have had no idea about except that I watch their check-ins.  Sometimes, those re-factors have had defects.  This is one way that many defects slip through to production without even being considered as a risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, especially if a QA engineer is writing automation or other tools, code reviews of code from more senior developers is a great way to learn new things and increase your own understanding.  I have re-used many many things in my own code over the years that I have discovered through code reviews of other's code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T16:42:17.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10429" CreationDate="2015-01-09T20:22:29.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As sorta mentioned before assuming the role of the client is really important. Perhaps if given the opportunity find time to meet with them and find out what their role in the project will be, What responsibilities they have, run through some use case of their day to day interaction with the process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Experience will be the key in terms of observation skills increasing. You will start to develop modals that you start with when testing. The obvious as i call it. From there branch off like a puzzle starting with your corner piece going in one direction come back go in another direction until you have everything together to fit the final piece. Its kind of like the hot pot when mom says not to touch it and you get burned. You have to learn and heal from your mistakes to improve just like anything in life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Research into QA reading will also help as well i would look up anything by James Bach and my personal fav. &quot;Agile testing: a practical guide for testers and agile teams&quot;. Alot of good information in both of them that have helped me with my QA process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T20:22:29.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="893" CreationDate="2015-01-09T20:41:30.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find posting the blame is the wrong way to think about it but to answer your question it could be a single person or everyone. I.e could of been a business spec that was not communicated to the dev team or it could be the tester that did not test a specific COS appropriately or everyone for that matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whats most important to me as a QA lead is what can we do to prevent it from happening again. After every roll out we review leaked bugs and analyze what we could have done to prevent this. Our company currently separates the bugs into the following category.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements(COS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit Testing(Low level dev testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance testing(Verification of COS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression testing(Post QA related functionality)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not sure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find currently a lot of our recent bugs have fallen into the regression section. Using this model has really helped our team analyze our strengths and weaknesses in terms of preventing bugs being released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-01-10T21:28:42.510" LastActivityDate="2015-01-10T21:28:42.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2015-01-09T20:48:41.437" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am about half way through one of the recommended readings above. &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide For Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/a&gt; and i must say it has helped our company in so many different ways. Not only that but my growth as a SQA lead has grown ten fold with its help. Would recommend it to anyone with a little QA under their belt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T20:48:41.437" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-01-09T20:48:41.437" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10429" CreationDate="2015-01-09T21:00:48.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem may not be with your observation skills. It may be that you are expecting too much from them. Inattentional blindness (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/but-did-you-see-the-gorilla-the-problem-with-inattentional-blindness-17339778&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;as described in this article by one of the original researchers&lt;/a&gt; - and yes, this is about the invisible gorilla experiment, if you've seen that famous video).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The human brain can only absorb so much. That focus (ability to block out other things) is actually a really important function. If you change how you test, you can help yourself to work with your brain, instead of against it. For example, working with long, highly detailed, test scripts is a classic trigger for inattentional blindness. I've seen testers sleepwalk past utterly obvious issues, because so much of their attention was on walking through the exact steps in the test script. If you can try different approaches, you may find your observation skills are surprisingly not so bad once you give them a fair chance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/2006/04/rigorous-exploratory-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test charters&lt;/a&gt; to focus your testing on a specific goal each time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/04/of-testing-tours-and-dashboards/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testing tours&lt;/a&gt; suggestions to give you ideas for exploring the product to learn it better.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2015-01-09T21:00:48.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10474" CreationDate="2015-01-11T16:35:21.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very strong &quot;yes&quot;. You might want to limit yourself a little in the overall validation, but checking response codes only is a strong fail in my opinion. Additionally just checking the result by checking  a single phrase or word is not enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: This response answers the topic question: &quot;Should load test validate functionality?&quot; and does not deal with the details of the post which slightly differ from the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Reasons and Examples&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modern web implementations often incorrectly return application status pages with response code 200&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you ensure that you got the entire page back and not just the first 75% only?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imagine an ecommerce search that breaks under load and instead of saying I found 200 matches, it returns a page saying &quot;no matches found, did you mean that...&quot;. The later is still a valid page but your load test will not discover the flaw.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you implement real page flows aka you do not have hardcoded urls that you fire against the server, instead you take the data from the page and you apply randomness to get a good wide sampling, you might find pages that are incorrect or inconsistent, hidden outside normal functional testing click paths.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can you tell apart a &quot;login succeeded&quot; from a &quot;login failed&quot; page? Both are valid scenarios and login failed might not return a code different from 200. When designed to return &quot;get lost&quot; aka 401, it might break under load and incorrectly return 200 for a page with &quot;login failed&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always assume the worst case, always assume that the application will behave differently under load. Not only timing-wise but also behavioral wise. This is one reason for running load and performance tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;A Tale from my Past&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my previous company, a colleague was testing something for a new web component. He said, that the new implementation is better, because it got faster when he applied more load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ugh? Well, he did not check the content of the returned page. Under higher load, he got error pages back and incorrectly assumed great performance instead of a broken application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How We Handle Validation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because I am with a web testing company (Xceptance), specialized in load and performance testing, here is what we generally do for all our load and performance testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate the response code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate the basic structure of the page, check that the main components are there, such as header, footer, search box, mini cart, user link...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate the completeness of the page aka the closing html should be there or the JSON or XML should be complete (hopefully also valid)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate the most important points of the current activity, e.g:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you search for an existing product, you have to find it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you expect a non-result of a search, check that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you add something to the cart, validate the quantity change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you checkout, validate the order number format (under perfect conditions even the uniqueness or at least the change in between checkouts), validate that all price information is a valid format (not necessarily calculated correctly, that would be required under certain test conditions of course), check that the user name used (should be random for instance) is used during that visit aka you expect a name, so it should be that name (billing, shipping, order, account)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you log on, verify from now on, that you always see the name of the user on the page (the famous Welcome Mr. Foo or something like that)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verify that you do not see a Welcome Mr. Foo before login, that you do not have a cart when you arrive, and so on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have so often found problems load related or often also functionality related that every single validation step really pays off again and again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only when applications return bad stuff and the implementation crew does not want to change that and cannot be convinced or forced to clean up the mess, we apply exceptions and reduce the validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just examples of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Verdict&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should extensively validate during load and performance testing. Always assume that the application will break under load and that is mostly not reflected in a status code 500. 404 and 500 are for the beginner, the real professionals find problems beyond that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We usually find functional problems during load and performance testing. Often not during the load execution itself, but during low load dry-runs. Not to forget the classic erroneous load behavior, such as inconsistent response times, spikes, and everything else imaginable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in other words: You do load and performance testing to find the unusual and unexpected. This is often not reflected in increased response times and error codes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there are tests, when you really hunt for something special, that you can easily skip most of the validations, but never strip them completely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastEditorUserId="769" LastEditDate="2015-01-29T18:03:53.343" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T18:03:53.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11738" CreationDate="2015-01-12T05:18:31.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to sit with the developer who made the code and understand the concept. Then go review part by part to review and test and quality check it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10730" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T01:44:48.657" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T01:44:48.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9735" CreationDate="2015-01-12T05:22:04.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test plan details each step taken to achieve a certain result and states the objective of each action. Follow steps down here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write an introduction -An introduction includes a general description&#xA;and schedule of a test, as well as any related documents&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Required resources. This section describes all of the resources&#xA;needed to complete the testing, including hardware, software, testing&#xA;tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what you are going to test. List what new aspects you will be testing and what old aspects you will be re-testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what you will not be testing. List any features that will not be tested during the current project. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;list of documents that will be produced during testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;risks and dependencies. Detail all the factors that your project depends on and the risks involved in each step.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the results of your project. Outline all the goals that you hope to achieve during the testing process. Detail the parameters for which success and failure can be measured&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10730" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T01:46:24.690" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T01:46:24.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2015-01-12T05:33:19.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Automation Make Sense&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When there are many repetitive tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When there are frequent regression testing iterations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you need to simulate large number of users who are using the&#xA;application resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When AUT is having comparatively stable UI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you have large set of BVT cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to select Automation Tool for Your Project?&#xA;Automation testing success largely depends on the selection of right testing tools. It takes lot of time to evaluate relevant automation tools available in the market. But this is a must one time exercise that will &#xA;Here are the criteria you need to consider before selecting any testing tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you have necessary skilled resource to allocate for automation tasks?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is your budget?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does the tool satisfy your testing needs? Is it suitable for the project environment and technology you are using? Does it support all tools and objects used in the code? Sometime you may get stuck for small tests due to inabilities of the tool to identify the objects used in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10730" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T22:54:18.040" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T22:54:18.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11756" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11759" CreationDate="2015-01-12T08:24:48.040" Score="8" ViewCount="1578" Body="&lt;p&gt;The system I'm working on has error logs which show various types of visible (front end user gets an error message) and none visible errors (missing image file etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these errors are seemingly unreproducible or only reproducible in a live environment for a specific site (Assuming that the same application is being run on different sites (clients)), which makes it hard to debug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I track the errors being raised across various sites running the same application (different instances) and look for front end user visible errors or high volumes of the same type of error being raised and put these into the development queue as a bug. I've been getting cases coming back from development as they can't fix them, as they are unreproducible and because I haven't supplied them with enough detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is, if you know errors are being thrown consistently but it seems like the effort required to fix and reproduce the issue is too high. Then what should you do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of my suggestions has been to make it easier to debug the issue and obtain more information. Then we can try and resolve the issue when we know more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T23:01:47.497" Title="Raising unreproducible bugs" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11756" CreationDate="2015-01-12T09:50:31.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you see an issue it must be reported even if it is not easy to reproduce it. because it may make a bigger issue according it and it may be easily solved so you must discuss it with the developer and for the case that it happened for one time or not frequently i suggest to use video recorder like &lt;strong&gt;Screencastify&lt;/strong&gt; on Google chrome browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T09:50:31.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11756" CreationDate="2015-01-12T11:15:08.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Raise it anyway and give as much detail as possible (time, date, error log, test evidence, etc.). If it affects something further down the line, this will cover your back if a project manager or stakeholder asks why something wasn't done about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've experienced that a few times, where something's not reproducible so the developer just says &quot;I can't fix it if you can't reproduce it&quot;. Our job is to raise defects against requirements - it's not your issue if developers push back and decide not to follow it up :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T11:15:08.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11756" CreationDate="2015-01-12T11:44:54.087" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would report the issue, but describe clearly that I cannot reproduce it. As a tester it is not my call to decide how much effort is put in reproducing the issue. I think we have signaling role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risks&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its nice if the report contains an estimated risk, do real users have problems and is it possible they get stuck and maybe cannot use a certain feature, which lowers the user experience. How many users are effected, how often etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Debugging&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a code perspective an issue might be easy understandable, even when its not reproducible. If the developers are also having a hard time with it, they could add extra logging. Now monitor the issue again and see if it can be fixed with the extra information. Repeat until fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rejection&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if the bug is rejected as un-reproducible it might be worth the info in the bug-tracker when an actual user complains about the same issue. This way any research will not be lost and can be re-used in a later stage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-19T17:22:17.293" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T17:22:17.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11760" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-12T12:19:11.063" Score="-1" ViewCount="3754" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone please help me in automating file upload on this page-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.designerexchange.com/index.php/sell/quote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.designerexchange.com/index.php/sell/quote&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried everything, but the file upload is very dynamic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10735" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T23:05:12.357" Title="Selenium: Unable to automate file upload" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-05T03:13:24.090" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11756" CreationDate="2015-01-12T12:36:10.080" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem should be reported, with a note in the report that you can't reproduce it consistently (or at all) and that you will update the report as more information is available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your next steps should include some mix of the following strategies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can increase the level of logging, do so and leave the logging in place until you get a repeat of the error. Sometimes this is something you can send to a customer who has the most problems with the error, and have them send the log once the error recurs. It's possible the sequence of events recorded by the log will be enough for the developers to work out what's happening (you may not be able to verify these and have to rely on customers reporting that the problem no longer occurs).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can get screen recordings or keylogging, do that. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there's a stack dump of the error, attach it with whatever was logged previously.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's a web application and you can extract the web server logs, do so. Digging through server logs can be painful, but it can also give you critical information. If there isn't enough information in the server logs, see if you can get the logging level increased until the problem recurs and you can capture that information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may need to capture logs from multiple sources to trace the problem. I had a case recently where the problem was ultimately users re-trying a job before the original job had completed and in the process corrupting the data the job was using. To trace it I needed logs and timestamps from multiple services in order to recreate what actually happened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For web applications, you may also need to capture the client information string and recreate the user environment as closely as possible in a virtual machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you work out a more or less reliable way to reproduce (if you do), update the report with that information. You may need to intermittently try to reproduce for weeks - or months. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if the problem report sits for months in a not-reproducible state, it's there as a reminder that the problem exists, which means if it starts happening more frequently the problem can be re-prioritized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T12:36:10.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11756" CreationDate="2015-01-12T14:12:09.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from what others have suggested, you can also try 'Session Replay' tools.  You get to see the exact actions performed by the users at the time when errors were logged in the backend.  This has a great effect on developers.  When they see this, they instantly believe that something is wrong and drive it to closure.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I don't know if there are any Opensource tools in this category but we use the one from Splunk.  My last project used a similar tool from Adobe.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zNmRI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Splunk&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T14:12:09.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11717" CreationDate="2015-01-12T14:22:42.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check this out: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7270/testing-the-popup-with-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;Testing the popup with Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IDE (plain Record and Playback) will work only till an extent. When you reach that point, you will have to either start spending a lot of time adding your own commands between various recorded steps or you will have to step into the world of Selenium Webdriver.  I would suggest the latter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T14:22:42.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11673" CreationDate="2015-01-12T14:34:34.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scriptcover is Javascript only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;List of code coverage tools: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?CodeCoverageTools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?CodeCoverageTools&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39329/what-is-your-favourite-code-coverage-tools-free-and-non-free&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39329/what-is-your-favourite-code-coverage-tools-free-and-non-free&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article summarizes how-to and how-not-to use code coverage:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.exampler.com/testing-com/writings/coverage.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.exampler.com/testing-com/writings/coverage.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other related and useful answers:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3051563/how-do-code-coverage-tools-work&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3051563/how-do-code-coverage-tools-work&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/455046/how-do-code-coverage-tools-work-in-different-languages?rq=1&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/455046/how-do-code-coverage-tools-work-in-different-languages?rq=1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/90002/what-is-a-reasonable-code-coverage-for-unit-tests-and-why?rq=1&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/90002/what-is-a-reasonable-code-coverage-for-unit-tests-and-why?rq=1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T19:53:37.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11760" CreationDate="2015-01-12T15:48:04.350" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am afraid, as far as I know, it is not possible to handle file-uploads with selenium due to security issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I encountered this issue myself and searched the web for a solution but did not find anything except that it is not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Markus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10741" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T15:48:04.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2267" CreationDate="2015-01-12T15:56:28.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our pages are programmed with extJS too and I managed to drag and drop elements with the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mouseOver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mouseDownAt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseMoveAt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseUpAt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for me it is just possible if the element is visible at loading of the element. When I have to scroll to the element to get it visible, I did not find a way to drag 'n drop it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10741" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-01-12T18:22:36.947" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T18:22:36.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6016" CreationDate="2015-01-12T17:03:18.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using something as follows :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);// 1 minute &#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name(&quot;Username&quot;)));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;selenium&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10744" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T17:03:18.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="118" CreationDate="2015-01-12T17:09:39.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a lot of overlap between ETL and DB testing, where both need similar types of test data to stress-test operations with what will represent reality later. For more details see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iri.com/blog/test-data/test-data-management-test-data-needs-assessment/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10711" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T07:12:41.290" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T07:12:41.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7544" CreationDate="2015-01-12T17:17:43.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the goal includes test data sets you need to vet ETL operations (across DBs and packages), I would be looking at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iri.com/products/rowgen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IRI RowGen&lt;/a&gt;. It uses the CoSort data manipulation language, which also supports data validation and transformation within test data generations. Compare the outputs of those (consolidated) job scripts to verify your mappings produced the same results against that safe, referentially correct data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10711" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T17:17:43.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11760" CreationDate="2015-01-12T21:37:11.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems like you should be able to do this using selenium to fill out the form, click on &quot;upload files&quot; and then click on &quot;drop files here to upload&quot;. Then you have the issue of interacting with the OS. You should be able to find some tutorials for that. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10322501/how-do-i-interact-with-windows-programs&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10322501/how-do-i-interact-with-windows-programs&lt;/a&gt; for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T21:37:11.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11756" CreationDate="2015-01-12T22:19:59.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Report the bug.&lt;/strong&gt; The developer(s) &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt; not be willing or able to address the problem for one reason or another, but the developer(s) &lt;em&gt;can't&lt;/em&gt; address the problem if it goes unreported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Give as much detail as you possibly can.&lt;/strong&gt; I remember a bug I saw a few months ago which only occurred because the user was running Internet Explorer as a specific account in a production environment off the company VPN. If any of those four variables changed, the bug didn't show up. The developers had trouble reproducing the bug because, naturally, their machines &lt;em&gt;were&lt;/em&gt; on VPN, so even when trying different browsers, different accounts, and test/staging/production, the bug failed to appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developer(s) might sigh or go bug-eyed if you are overly verbose, but the developer(s) will actively complain and get no bugfixing done if you don't give them enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10750" LastActivityDate="2015-01-12T22:19:59.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11637" CreationDate="2015-01-13T01:44:39.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coming back to share a solution that I find suitable. I wrote a framework based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://nose2.readthedocs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nose2 (a python testing framework)&lt;/a&gt;, that allows me to write hierarchical setups and teardown, thanks to &lt;a href=&quot;http://nose2.readthedocs.org/en/latest/such_dsl.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;such, a nose2 plugin&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;start_vms&#xA;  test_vms_are_started&#xA;  configure interfaces&#xA;      test_interfaces&#xA;      configure_dhcp&#xA;          test_dhcp&#xA;          configure_nat&#xA;              test_nat&#xA;              [...]&#xA;                 # then starts the actual test of my feature&#xA;                 test_1&#xA;                 test_2&#xA;                 test_3&#xA;              [...]&#xA;          deconfigure_nat&#xA;      deconfigure_dhcp&#xA;   deconfigure_interfaces&#xA;stop_vms&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way I achieve :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;setup/teardown and test codes are separated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the setup/teardown scripts are small independant bites that I can re-use, thus limiting duplication.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I know exactly where things fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main drawback of this is that setups take a lot of time. So for script development, and quick regressions, I'm using canned configurations as suggested by Kate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10608" LastEditorUserId="10608" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T18:39:22.533" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T18:39:22.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11777" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14046" CreationDate="2015-01-13T09:53:29.417" Score="21" ViewCount="35784" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a developer and I am looking for some software to provide our QA for testing  REST API that requires SHA1 HMAC authentication (each request is signed using user's secret key, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mgomes/api_auth#how-it-works&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the process is described here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/rest-console/cokgbflfommojglbmbpenpphppikmonn?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rest Console&lt;/a&gt;, but I could not set up request signing as required. Are there some tools that could do the job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;upd. I tried to write Postman pre-request script with no luck. I can share my work if someone is interested in continuing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10753" LastEditorUserId="10753" LastEditDate="2015-01-15T02:27:29.463" LastActivityDate="2018-08-29T00:52:50.817" Title="Testing REST API with SHA1 HMAC authentication" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11760" CreationDate="2015-01-13T12:32:31.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if I understand your problem right but I think the problem is in interacting with OS (the browser window) and to solve this it will be better to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sikuli&lt;/a&gt; as it deals with the elements displayed on the screen by providing images &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8727" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-14T11:58:39.183" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T11:58:39.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-13T13:48:18.150" Score="1" ViewCount="10803" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an element that is out of view when I am using Selenium within an iFrame. I have switched the context using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.SwitchTo.Frame(&quot;frame_id&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I am able to interact with elements that are visible in the iFrame. However when I need to interact with elements that are inside the frame but out of view I cannot find a way to force the Frame to scroll down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried running some javascript:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1192228/scrolling-an-iframe-with-javascript&quot;&gt;Scrolling and iframe with Javascript&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also tried using the technique described in the following &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://theautomationtester.wordpress.com/2013/08/07/scroll-down-to-end-of-the-page-in-selenium-web-driver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried tabbing on the last visible element to force the frame to scroll down, which works in some cases but I need a more concrete solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7943" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T06:07:04.673" Title="Selenium : How can I scroll to an element in an iFrame" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-13T14:35:48.800" Score="4" ViewCount="10268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing QA for a small dev team and we are interviewing some candidates for an open position.  I've been asked to be part of the interview process.  Anyone have ideas for the kinds of questions QA should be asking devs? Any examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T17:56:18.607" Title="What should QA ask developers they are interviewing?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11760" CreationDate="2015-01-13T15:04:02.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ok. I was able to solve this issue using AutoIT with Selenium. Using webdriver,  I clicked on Upload File link and opened the Windows File Browsers(to select the image), then I ran the AutoIT script using Java Runtime to enter the file path and click on Select button. And it worked.&#xA;Thankyou all. Closing this question...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10735" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T15:04:02.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11780" CreationDate="2015-01-13T15:21:09.930" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to focus on quality and not on development skills, maybe you can ask the developer what he does to enhance the overall product quality and software development processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions that come to mind are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What steps do you take to test your own work?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have experience with and practice &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TDD&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you practice code-reviews and what where recent results?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are your communication contact points with clients and testers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T18:44:59.213" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T18:44:59.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11780" CreationDate="2015-01-13T16:21:18.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look up behavioral questions. like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tell me about situation when customer wanted patch before QA considered it ready, and how you estimated/explained the risks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tell me about situation when regression occurred (bug in existing functionality which QA should catch but did not), and what happened next. What you learned? How you changed/improved  process?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tell me about situation when too much bugs were in pipeline to be tested in time for planned release, and you needed either revert some, or postpone release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tell me about situation when you cannot postpone release, and how you planned intake of bugs so all are tested in limited time available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... and many more. Just your own real-life situation. Ask about them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If candidate was in QA, s/he been there done it, should have scars and learning experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T16:21:18.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11780" CreationDate="2015-01-13T16:23:07.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;These days, there's a lot emphasis on agile development, continuous delivery, continuous deployment etc... These areas are very important irrespective of dev / QE roles. I can think of the following as of now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask questions around the common areas like best practices for faster release to market.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Importance of Unit tests, code coverage. What are the tools used by the candidate to measure the code coverage. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?CodeCoverageTools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?CodeCoverageTools&lt;/a&gt; has a good list of tools). Advantages of having higher code coverage levels.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code refactoring techniques to make sure that the code has good performance, reusability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Automation (in some companies, dev team also writes automation scripts).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Best practices in SCM. Branching and other technologies for major / hotfix releases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="149" LastEditorUserId="149" LastEditDate="2015-01-13T16:33:22.630" LastActivityDate="2015-01-13T16:33:22.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11785" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11788" CreationDate="2015-01-13T22:22:25.590" Score="18" ViewCount="9619" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I've been testing web based analytical software now for the past 4 years or so with mostly manual techniques. But for 2015, I've set myself the goal of getting setup and start writing automated tests and to introduce automated testing into my company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've done a little research and it seems that Selenium is quite big when it comes to writing automated tests, but most of the tutorials I've come across reference the Java language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is Java the primary language used for Selenium tests? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you recommend it over C# ? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wat is the process of writing test scripts? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there Frameworks that I should use that can make the process even easier?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10756" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-28T16:17:31.710" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T12:03:01.487" Title="How does one get started with web test automation using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11787" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-13T22:57:45.303" Score="1" ViewCount="686" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently setting a testing environment and I want to for now run my automated tests locally (I'll run then on a CI server in the near future). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written a script which goes into the appropriate directory and runs &lt;code&gt;activator run&lt;/code&gt; (this is a play framework project). This is what I've included in my hooks.rb file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AfterConfiguration do&#xA;    exec 'sh activate_ui.sh'&#xA;end &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I run my cucumber test(with ruby, no rails), the server launches and since it needs to continuously run and so, my cucumber tests never start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get around this? Is there a suggested practice? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10757" LastEditorUserId="10757" LastEditDate="2015-01-14T05:46:38.627" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T18:21:44.733" Title="When to launch application server during a cucumber test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11785" CreationDate="2015-01-14T01:13:11.153" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;To broadly address your question, just pick some test cases with simple interactions that aren't very dynamic and automate those. Trial, error, and practice will get you there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is Java mostly used for Selenium tests? Do you recommend it over C#?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to StackOverflow, there are &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/selenium&quot;&gt;more Selenium tagged questions in Java&lt;/a&gt; than any other language (as of this writing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, getting into programming is difficult enough that you should pick a language that's easier learn (Both Python and Ruby have Selenium). The marginal improvement of Java/C# with Selenium is far outweighed by their difficulty in learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, what is the process of writing test scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, a lot of the grunt work is getting Selectors for your code to use. Selenium needs a way to know which element to interact with, so you use Selectors to identify the element. You'll be getting nitty-gritty with xpath and/or css.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you improve you'll struggle more with code maintenance, which is a good problem (you've written enough automated tests that you need a better way to manage them)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there Frameworks that I should use that can make the process even easier?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to know if a framework saves you more work than it creates. Why not try writing some simple test cases until you start asking yourself &quot;I wish there was a framework that could do ____&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, don't get sidetracked by writing perfect code. Just keep doing it and you will get better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T11:14:16.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11789" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-14T06:20:07.673" Score="1" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is Exploratory Testing a core part of Agile Methodology? Or it has no link with Agile process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10759" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T04:54:06.650" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T04:54:06.650" Title="Is Exploratory Testing a Core part of Agile Methodology?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11789" CreationDate="2015-01-14T07:40:05.550" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following are the ones that immediately comes to my mind when I think of Agile Methodology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SCRUM &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Good Automation coverage &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Follow Sprint model. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Pair Programming &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Mandatory Code Review by peers. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Well defined Acceptance Criteria&lt;br&gt;&#xA;CI / CD Model to take care of continuous integration / deployment &lt;br&gt;&#xA;One push deployment&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exploratory Testing being a purely manual exercise, don't think, it might be included as a part of Agile Methodology. Please correct me, if am wrong about this understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="149" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T07:40:05.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11789" CreationDate="2015-01-14T07:50:00.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;a href=&quot;http://guide.agilealliance.org/guide/exploratory.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;exploratory testing is one of the (agile) skills&lt;/a&gt; you can use in an Agile team to increase quality, but it is not an essential part of the Agile workflow. Though I think its slowly becoming a industry standard. Revised books like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/exploratory_testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Art of Agile&lt;/a&gt; and newer books &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile testing&lt;/a&gt; are giving it their own chapter. This clearly means its a technique worth adding to the arsenal of a Agile workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you time-box the sessions and not drag yourself down in long adhoc manual testing sessions. Identify tests that need to be automated within the itteration. Without a good coverage of automated tests its very hard to be Agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read James Bach's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/articles/what_is_et.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;What is exploratory testing?&quot;&lt;/a&gt; blog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-14T09:41:37.533" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T09:41:37.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11779" CreationDate="2015-01-14T09:12:22.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I managed to get around this issue by creating a static method that scrolls down the page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Browser&#xA;{&#xA;    public static IWebDriver Driver { get; set; }&#xA;    public static ITargetLocator CurrentFrame { get; private set; }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void SwitchFrame(string frameId)&#xA;    {&#xA;        CurrentFrame = Driver.SwitchTo();&#xA;        CurrentFrame.Frame(frameId);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void ScrollDown()&#xA;    {&#xA;        CurrentFrame.ActiveElement().SendKeys(Keys.Tab);&#xA;        CurrentFrame.ActiveElement().SendKeys(Keys.PageDown);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Browser.Driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;Browser.SwitchFrame(&quot;myInnerFrame&quot;);&#xA;Browser.ScrollDown();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just call the ScrollDown method whenever I know an element is out of view and it does the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7943" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T09:12:22.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11794" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-14T12:16:42.647" Score="0" ViewCount="1965" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how to run test script in chrome and firefox. Please help me how to run my Selenium WebDriver java/testNG script in windows safari browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7956" LastEditorUserId="7956" LastEditDate="2015-01-14T12:30:55.877" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T20:33:05.873" Title="How to run Selenium WebDriver java/testNG script with Windows Safari browser?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-14T12:28:27.510" Score="9" ViewCount="1051" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the Difference in Role of a Traditional Manual Tester, who works in a waterfall based Project and that of an Agile tester, who works in an Agile based Project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My project has started to follow Agile practices , but i don't know, that should i as a QA/Tester change my working style or approach? What should i do differently now?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should i change the way i design test case, execute them or find bugs? should i do more exploratory testing or use new techniques? im confused!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly help. Thanks! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10759" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-01-14T14:26:51.630" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T02:17:23.750" Title="Agile Tester vs Traditional Tester...........?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;&lt;waterfall&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11785" CreationDate="2015-01-14T14:44:41.313" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start by looking for testing tasks that &lt;strong&gt;require a lot of manual effort&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;do not change from one release to the next&lt;/strong&gt;.  This is especially important for UI automation; &lt;strong&gt;if a web page changes frequently,&lt;/strong&gt; you will spend so much time updating your automated test that &lt;strong&gt;it will have been faster to test the page by hand&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that there are often ways to use automation that do not involve testing web pages.  For example, testing often requires creating test data.  If you can write something that inserts data directly into a database rather than creating the data through your web interface, you will save time and reduce mistakes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T14:44:41.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11798" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-14T14:49:50.660" Score="4" ViewCount="1131" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OgeiK.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test error message screenshot&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hi, I'm trying to make a &amp;quot;nice&amp;quot; test execution report and get the following elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;StackTrace&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Elapsed time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test name and Test Outcome are easily taken as TestContext parameters, for output I'm using &lt;code&gt;Console.SetOut(StreamWriter)&lt;/code&gt;. List of attachments are also known (because they are created during report generated).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd try to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Console.SetError&lt;/code&gt; (returns null)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.Envoirement.StackTrace&lt;/code&gt; (return some another message),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.Diagnostic.StackTrace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8919" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-24T12:48:40.273" LastActivityDate="2020-08-24T12:48:40.273" Title="Get Visual Studio (2013 Community) unit test execution messages" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11794" CreationDate="2015-01-14T15:34:14.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need the &lt;code&gt;SafariDriver&lt;/code&gt; extension for your Safari browser and you have to set two system properties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;webdriver.safari.driver&lt;/code&gt; - Location of the Safari browser extension file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;webdriver.safari.noinstall&lt;/code&gt; - Set to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;, if the extension already installed; else &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SafariDriver - Selenium Wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/SafariDriverInternals&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SafariDriverInternals - Selenium Wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T15:34:14.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11780" CreationDate="2015-01-14T17:20:20.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good place to start is to ask &quot;Tell me a story about a time you worked together with QA&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to hear stories like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;QA needed this debug functionality to make testing more efficient / effective and we worked together and built it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sort of tale tells me they understand that cooperation is critical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the other extreme, I don't want to hear stories like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had this bug ticket that we kept opening and closing, it was hilarious!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sort of tale tells me they don't have the sense to have a real conversation instead of playing ticket tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are contrived examples of course, but after hearing stories from a few people you'll know which ones you tend to like and dislike.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T17:20:20.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11780" CreationDate="2015-01-14T17:56:18.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently we have helped recruit a developer to our team. For the interview we brought a report of the bug we found recently and asked a candidate what could have been a possible root cause of the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for asking that question was not much to verify whether the candidate has sufficient technical knowledge --- that had been checked by other team members, developers. We were rather interested whether the candidate was &lt;em&gt;willing to cooperate with a tester&lt;/em&gt; to investigate a root cause and how did she cooperate. We wanted to understand also whether we &lt;em&gt;liked&lt;/em&gt; that cooperation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T17:56:18.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11803" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-14T19:52:51.970" Score="1" ViewCount="802" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a test case, what qualifies as an input? Must it be what the tester types as input with their keyboard? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IEEE 829-2008 only lists values, constants, transaction files, and their storage locations as examples of inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test case could double as a tester-performed or automated test case. In the case of an automated test case, selecting something could be handled the same way as keyboard input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This arose when translating decision tables where conditions are identified into test cases where inputs must be identified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8682" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T04:54:32.063" Title="Inputs in test case clarification" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11803" CreationDate="2015-01-14T21:01:24.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not read  IEEE 829-2008, so I cannot speak to what an input might mean in that specific context.  That said, in general, in the testing vernacular, a input is any external value that you supply to a system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T21:01:24.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11789" CreationDate="2015-01-14T22:03:12.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is Exploratory Testing a core part of Agile Methodology? or it has no&#xA;  link with Agile process. Kindly explain in detail!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at what each one of these things is and then see how they might go together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing is an approach to testing. You can use any test technique in an exploratory or scripted way but the important thing about exploratory testing is that you are continuously learning, updating and applying what you learn as you test. To learn more go &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingeducation.org/BBST/exploratory/BBSTExploring.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Agile methodology as described by &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; says it &quot;promotes adaptive planning, evolutionary development, early delivery, continuous improvement, and encourages rapid and flexible response to change.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on these definitions do you think there's a link? They both sound like they encourage flexibility and continuous improvement to me. Of course this all depends on how you and your company use Agile practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T22:03:12.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11777" CreationDate="2015-01-14T22:10:44.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if i have understood your problem correctly, but my best guess says you are trying to generate keys for auth. You could try &lt;a href=&quot;https://quickhash.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://quickhash.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8306" LastActivityDate="2015-01-14T22:10:44.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11808" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-14T23:39:35.050" Score="2" ViewCount="694" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, let's say I have these tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;test1() {&#xA;    signIn();&#xA;&#xA;    // Do some testing&#xA;&#xA;    signOut();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;test2() {&#xA;    signIn();&#xA;&#xA;    // Do some testing&#xA;&#xA;    signOut();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be better to have &lt;code&gt;signOut()&lt;/code&gt; be done in a common cleanup method like the following?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;test1() {&#xA;    signIn();&#xA;&#xA;    // Do some testing&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;test2() {&#xA;    signIn();&#xA;&#xA;    // Do some testing&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@AfterMethod&#xA;testCleanup() {&#xA;    signOut();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10768" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T22:57:36.143" Title="Should test cleanup happen in each individual test method or in a general test cleanup?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11808" CreationDate="2015-01-15T06:37:43.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can go either way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might include these steps in each test, because they're actions that an actual user will take. Meaning that they can potentially fail in specific circumstances, and thus you'll want them linked to that specific test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, signIn() and signOut() look like actions every tester will perform manually as well for every non-automated test. So if they're not likely to fail, and these tests are always run in conjunction with manual tests, you could extract them from individual test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I'd go with the first option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T06:37:43.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11810" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12105" CreationDate="2015-01-15T06:49:02.197" Score="2" ViewCount="1596" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have searched a few things about the differences and relations between test plan, test suite and test case and I found out the following picture as a summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZB7k0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Relation between Test plan, Test suite and test case&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my understanding fully right?&#xA;Is there any important thing I have missed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10771" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:07:46.133" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:07:46.133" Title="what is the relation between test plan, test suite and test case?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11810" CreationDate="2015-01-15T07:30:30.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The usual definition of a test plan is &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_plan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;detailed here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The image you've posted, however, is exactly how Microsoft Test Manager is organized. You create a &quot;test plan&quot; (in their terminology this means the tests to be executed) for a certain release or sprint.&#xA;In a test plan, you may have one or more test suites, which contain test cases. (Normally grouped in a suite by a certain criterium, according to the test lead's vision or strategy.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, that chart is correct in its high-level depiction of the test executables. If you're bound to a tool, you're kind of enforced to use a workflow, Selenium IDE uses this suite-test case division too. But even when using Excel you'll probably have a test suite per sheet (or per file) which contains multiple test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T07:30:30.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11814" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11827" CreationDate="2015-01-15T10:26:49.723" Score="0" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have faced problem while testing login Web service using jmeter which is build in Cake PHP, Showing message &quot;Username and Password incorrect&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cake Url: example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.absdefered.com/testingservices/services/login/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.absdefered.com/testingservices/services/login/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parameter used in HTTP Request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Method used : Post&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;email :${xys@gmail.com}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;password :${password}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;device_id :624d90909090090900009171355ce92deb486f014e251380b18&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have changed web service url to fix this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.absdefered.com/testingservices/services/login.php?login&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.absdefered.com/testingservices/services/login.php?login&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cwQHS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now i am not getting message in listener (View Result tree)Result data &quot;Login Successfully&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10770" LastEditorUserId="10770" LastEditDate="2015-01-15T11:39:36.310" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T14:03:10.940" Title="Cake PHP login web service load testing using jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11795" CreationDate="2015-01-15T11:09:45.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile testing generally means the practice of testing software within the context of an agile workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When testing in an Agile way, there are few, if any, rigid adherence's to requirements documents and checklists.  The goal, instead, is to simply do whatever is necessary at any moment to satisfy a customer’s requests, replacing documentation with in-person meetings and replacing siloed functions with unified, self-organizing project teams. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an Agile company culture, everyone is expected to work closely together, no matter his or her role, to achieve a single goal: a high-quality software product that fulfills all of the essential specifications a client or designer requires with each iteration.  Software developers, testers, and quality-assurance personnel wear each others hats from time to time, and while there may be a select group of people running most of the tests, the notion of a separate testing team disappears entirely for many product teams, and disappears within the core development cycle for those organizations who are required by external agencies (or even by law) to have formal and/or external release candidate testing. Even in these cases, this separate release candidate “testing” isn’t testing for the purpose of finding problems or improving the product, it’s an exercise in verification, regulatory compliance, and/or audit trail completion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-01-17T00:09:55.287" LastActivityDate="2015-01-17T00:09:55.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11795" CreationDate="2015-01-15T12:13:00.800" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you start by taking a look at some of the related questions and their answers, particularly &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/963/in-agile-scrum-practices-where-do-i-start-with-making-qa-testing-more-effi?rq=1&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/300/good-resources-for-traditional-testers-adapting-to-an-agile-environment?rq=1&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you don't have Crispin and Gregory's &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt;, get it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things that I've found helpful include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test plans will still happen - but they tend to be much more lightweight and built as you test. Some tools support this much better than others.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases also get lighter: if you've been creating test cases at a detailed &quot;click this link, enter that text, click this button&quot; level, you can (thankfully!) stop doing that and look more towards a lighter style. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generally speaking, test cases come from the user stories and acceptance tests: as an example, an acceptance test might be &lt;em&gt;&quot;As a logged in user, I expect to see a list of all my orders and their current status when I navigate to the order management page&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. This could produce test cases that look a bit like this:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the user is logged in, there is a link to the order management page on the main page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the user is not logged in, there is no link to the order management page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The order management page lists all orders for the logged in user, sorted by date from the most recent to the oldest, and shows the status of each order.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your team is creating unit tests, you should be familiar with what they are testing because this simplifies your testing: good unit tests will cover business logic and allow your manual testing to focus on end-to-end scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the happy path/steel thread first&lt;/strong&gt;. This is the minimum necessary functionality to satisfy the user story/acceptance tests/use case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing sessions should be documented and time-boxed (&quot;Spend an hour exploring the behavior of the order management page&quot;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Often it's easier not to report issues in a formal sense, especially if your team isn't running a mini-waterfall inside an iteration - my method was to check with the developer when I found something odd, and if they were already working on it or they could have a fix to me within a day, that was all that happened. I'd report something to go into the backlog and be prioritized only if I couldn't get the fix within a day - which cut down the amount of time I spent creating bug reports by a significant margin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are all things that I found myself doing during agile transitions, and it's not a complete list. The key thing is that the actual testing doesn't change: what changes is how it's documented, when in the process it happens, and - hopefully - how much of it gets automated (automated tests that become regression tests save a massive amount of work in the long run, if done well).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T12:13:00.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8713" CreationDate="2015-01-15T14:48:18.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working right now on a project using UFT 12.0 that is testing against wpf/Telerik/custom telerik controls. We are having great success with descriptive programing. On the tree view have you tried getting the child objects for the tree view then clicking the child object you want? One of the guys here solved the tree view problem but he is not here so I can't say exactly how he did it. I am right now trying to solve another problem where I want to close a tab. When UFT opens the tab, then UFT can't see the close button. If I open the tab manually then UFT can see the tab close button and close the tab. Anyway, good luck on your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10775" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T14:48:18.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11818" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-15T17:36:10.977" Score="2" ViewCount="2764" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just joined a new company who doesn't work with any kind of automated tests. I have been hired to start test automation, and looking around I found two interesting options to e2e tests, Protractor and CodedUI, but I have not found any big reasons to use either Protractor or CodedUI (well, we do use TFS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me? I liked Protractor, but if decide to go with it, I have to find a way to integrate those tests with Microsoft Test Manager to run against an environment managed by SCVMM. On the other hand, CodedUI tests don't look very friendly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10538" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T12:36:47.317" LastActivityDate="2018-08-17T10:34:22.820" Title="Coded UI vs Protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11818" CreationDate="2015-01-15T18:05:56.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the research i have done into automation for our company from a QA side the criteria of which i judged each company was cost efficiency and ability to handle our needs. On the cost effective side i believe selenium is free. My favorite out of everything was Telerik hands down. They are very professional, helpful support, and great in terms of handling controls(i.e name changes etc). Telerik also integrates with TFS you can find out more about that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/teampulse/tfs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; . They also integrate with MTM as you stated you needed that as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T18:05:56.523" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11789" CreationDate="2015-01-15T18:40:22.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Janet Gregory most famously known for writing one of the go to books of our time on Agile &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing, Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/a&gt;, Defined the Agile Testing process in a presentation i recently watched found &lt;a href=&quot;https://skillsmatter.com/skillscasts/2480-agile-testing-2480&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; on skills matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project Initiation:&lt;/strong&gt; Get an understanding of the project(business)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Release/Project Planning:&lt;/strong&gt; Participate in sizing stories &amp;amp;&amp;amp; Create Test Plan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Each Iteration:&lt;/strong&gt; Estimate tasks, Run regression tests, Collaborate with customers on acceptance tests, Write/automate/ execute new story tests, pair with test with other testers and developers, perform exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Test / End Game:&lt;/strong&gt; Perform Load Test, Compete Regression Testing, Perform UAT, Perform Mock Deploy, Participate in release readiness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Release to Prod/ Support:&lt;/strong&gt; participate in release to prod. participate in retrospectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So i would say yes as part of the Agile work flow exploratory is present. In my personal opinion the training in which we gain skills each time we tackle a new project in terms of testing is in it self exploratory testing. We learn from experience as Agile Testers and no one can learn without exploring and developing new &quot;Modals&quot; to apply in future test projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T18:40:22.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-15T19:52:12.187" Score="0" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company wants to roll out Bromium vSentry to all their desktop and laptop machines. They tend not to distinguish between general office machines, and machines used for our testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I have no experience with the product, I'm concerned that it might interfere with my use of my machines as a tester. We use our machines for manual testing, and automated testing as well. We also have VMWare Player and Oracle VM VirtualBox installed on some machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have Bromium vSentry installed?&#xA;Any adverse side-effects I should know about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T16:16:30.340" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T16:16:30.340" Title="Has anyone used Bromium vSentry on their test machines?" Tags="&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3933" CreationDate="2015-01-15T21:31:51.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're using Selenium IDE, see SeLite and its add-on SelBlocks Global - &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selite/wiki/SelBlocksGlobal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selite/wiki/SelBlocksGlobal&lt;/a&gt;. It helps tests to be packaged, reusable, configurable (and therefore more maintainable). It improves test reuse through functions (shared across test cases), loops, and other code structures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you could define a function in one test case, and call it from other test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6904" LastActivityDate="2015-01-15T21:31:51.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3728" CreationDate="2015-01-16T04:40:00.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider hybridizing your testing framework to use both codedui and selenium webdriver components. CodedUI automates well with most windows. Selenium WebDriver automation works well with most browsers except IE11 on Windows 8.1. In windows 8.1 IE 11 does not delegate the session ID to selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10781" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T04:40:00.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2015-01-16T09:51:55.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: First, I am affiliated with the tool suggested below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because we did not like the tools options 10 years ago, when we started our business (too expensive or too little features or just difficult to use), we wrote our own tool. Later, we started to offer it as product as well, after customers ask for an option to purchase it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is Java based and covers functional testing (we extended the Selenium WebDriver concept, fully compatible to WebDrivers) as well as load testing. There are several ways to write and compose tests. The core of the tool consist of HttpClient and HtmlUnit. The tool is engineering-centric, so more code and command line than UI stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lately we introduced a version where you can use WebDriver and Firefox to measure performance, not just of the interaction but we are hooked into FF to measure also the network stuff. If you have good enough machines, you can do load testing with it or just measure the performance development over time when you hook it up to Jenkins (we have a plugin for that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just have a look. You can play with the free edition and also use it forever for any kind of functional testing or even small performance comparisons. Upgrades are free too. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.xceptance.com/en/xlt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.xceptance.com/en/xlt/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also open sourced one of our test suites to be able to easily build a simple test based on CSV data. More approaches will follow to make it easier to build test suites. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Xceptance/testsuite-nocoding&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Xceptance/testsuite-nocoding&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T09:51:55.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11814" CreationDate="2015-01-16T14:03:10.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that you need to construct your request a little bit differently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOAP&lt;/a&gt;-based web services you need to send &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XML&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RESTful&lt;/a&gt; web services you need to send &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appropriate &lt;code&gt;Content-Type&lt;/code&gt; header needs to be provided via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Header_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt;&#xA; - &lt;code&gt;application/soap+xml&lt;/code&gt; - for SOAP&#xA; - &lt;code&gt;application/json&lt;/code&gt; - for REST&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing SOAP/REST Web Services Using JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T14:03:10.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2015-01-16T14:37:21.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently my boss tasked me with finding a Test Case manager to hold our regression suites. After extensive research i found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testlodge.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLodge&lt;/a&gt; to be the best in terms of affordability and UI interaction. We were originally using TeStuff but with the comparison in price it was simply to expensive. I was not really a fan of all the web based platforms that i tested but TestLodge was by far the best. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing i really liked and that i would recommend for you is the Google Docs integration. I exported all the high priority regression tests into an excel document and pulled them into shared Google Docs. The best part about this is now we have them on the cloud and can be accessed by any member of the team given permission which is a huge plus for us. Then import them to TestLodge and assign them to each member of the team as needed.&#xA;Hope this helps :).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T14:37:21.063" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-01-16T14:37:21.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11795" CreationDate="2015-01-16T14:52:48.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me an Agile Tester is someone who does not work in a phase. The goal of the Agile framework is cohesion among the team. Everyone is involved in communication and tackle problems as they arise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example the QA analyst finds a bug, notifies a dev member of the issue, if the bug is not verified as previously existing they work together to implement a solution. The process is much quicker, hands on, and direct. It takes away the need for formal bug reports that can take up more time. It also doesn't push the resolution toward the end of the testing cycle allowing the detection of other bugs to be found much earlier in the process and saves the development team time from possible refactoring and saves the company money. The later in the development cycle a bug is detected the more money essentially it will cost the company in time and labor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a waterfall environment typically there is a testing phase that happens after development is done and is pushed towards the later stage of development. This of course does not mean all companies should immediately switch to Agile as some teams/projects work better in that type of environment but is just some of the pros/cons between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T14:52:48.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11810" CreationDate="2015-01-16T15:39:27.610" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using a Test Suite breaks up the many Test Plans to many Test Cases relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can have a Test Plans have many Test Suites (a subset grouping of Test Cases) which has many Test Cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, a Test Case could be included within many Test Suites within Test Plan for application X.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: Application X's Test Plan would include a Test Suite for Sprint 123 which consists of a subset of Test Cases for the stories within Sprint 123.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6383" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T15:39:27.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11832" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-16T17:20:19.460" Score="0" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been doing alot of research into Agile Testing including reading Agile Testing: A Practical guide... and it seems that the consensus is BTS(Bug tracking systems) are bad for Agile teams because they use valuable time logging bug reports that can sometimes turn up as duplicate issues that the dev team has already uncovered. Another con is that they put up a wall of communication between the QA and Dev team. Now i think there are alot of positives in terms of documentation and review and my boss(Team lead) seems to think it is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to get feed back from the community on the opinion of BTS and how often if ever used in the Agile community. We currently use Fogbugz which is a great system in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastEditorUserId="10717" LastEditDate="2015-01-16T19:13:30.047" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T08:54:53.587" Title="Bug Tracking System in an Agile enviornment" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11832" CreationDate="2015-01-16T18:50:45.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In all of the agile projects I have participated in, we have used the same mechanism to track defects as we did stories.  In many, but not all of the agile projects I worked in, we did not track defects for stories in the current iteration, instead we would note the defects in the story and push it back to developing.  If we found a defect outside of the stories in the current iteration, we would create a defect and it would be placed in the backlog to prioritize along side the stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach that I haven't tried but I know is common, is to have a 0 defect policy at the end of each iteration, so if defects come up, they push out any stories and need to be addressed immediately, or are closed.  This way, the backlog doesn't get filled up with minor defects that may or may not ever get prioritized.  The idea is, if it is low enough priority to be postponed, that it may as well just be closed.  All defects are either fixed immediately, or closed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think both of these approaches were relatively successful.  Using a defect tracking system that is not integrated with the way you are tracking stories can make it difficult to handle defects within the same agile process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T18:50:45.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11832" CreationDate="2015-01-16T21:55:18.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug, story, feature request, dupe - it is hard to tell them apart when you are entering them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you enter them and triage them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite often you may have some bugs you plan to fix, but are rare enough (affecting small minority of your customers) and minor enough that you do not want to postpone release because of them. But you still need to track those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTS in our organization keeps everyone on the same page, and is institutional memory - 5 years later you can see why certain decision was made. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might also depend on the size of your team. If you have big project and big team (say, 30 developers, 10 analysts, two dozen local expert non-programmers, 5 testers, and 50-60 internal users helping 1000 external users) - will you still insist that everyone just need to sit together and talk, no BTS needed? We could not do it without BTS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or maybe you say that such project cannot, or should not, try to go agile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T21:55:18.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11808" CreationDate="2015-01-16T22:57:36.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you have a really good reason to repeat yourself, don't. Putting in an explicit login and logout step in each test is needless repetition if every test must perform a login and logout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2015-01-16T22:57:36.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11837" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-17T06:19:12.417" Score="4" ViewCount="51462" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a noob in Java and automation so please bear with me if I get the terminology wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a class file that can open a browser and navigate to google.com and then closes the browser. There’s another class file that does the same but goes to yahoo.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can run this from eclipse and everything works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However,  I need to know if I can run both the test cases one after the other without opening Eclipse and only by using batch files (.bat files) on Windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate a clear step by step instruction. Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10792" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T11:19:06.533" Title="How to run all Selenium test cases via batch file" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-05T19:41:04.173" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11567" CreationDate="2015-01-17T18:47:26.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try vdbench, it is very flexible and powerful. There are many other file system load generators each with its own ups and downs and with different features, try googling for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-01-17T18:47:26.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11839" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-17T22:50:54.103" Score="0" ViewCount="1333" Body="&lt;p&gt;My problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1) open &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webscorer.com/resources/templatestart&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.webscorer.com/resources/templatestart&lt;/a&gt; using firefox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2) click on txt file &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3) using autoIt on dialog box I check 'open in firefox'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4) txt file opens in new firefox window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to check content of this txt file opened in new firefox window???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10794" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-19T12:04:44.897" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T12:16:24.550" Title="Webdriver -&gt; how to check something in txt file open in firefox?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11840" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11841" CreationDate="2015-01-18T14:25:33.553" Score="3" ViewCount="24223" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just joined as a Junior QA and am learning how to test web apps. However, I have stumbled onto the point where I am not aware of the database testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are some tools that are under use for database testing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to test database as a manual tester?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to test database with respect to specific database (e.g. Mysql, MS-SQL, MongoDB)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd appreciate the answers from both manual and automation tester perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6197" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-19T12:03:46.017" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T03:44:47.110" Title="How to test database as a manual tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-03-06T14:01:50.743" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11840" CreationDate="2015-01-18T19:26:33.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Database can be tested various ways,&#xA;If we are using SQL server then open the SQL query analyzer and write the queries to retrieve the data. Then verify whether the expected result is correct or not. IF not the data is not inserted into database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can play with queries to insert, update and delete the data from the data base and check in the front end of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general test process for DB testing is not very different from any other application. The following are the steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step #1) Prepare the environment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step #2) Run a test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step #3) Check test result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step #4) Validate according to the expected results&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step #5) Report the findings to the respective stakeholders&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually SQL queries are used to develop the tests. The most commonly used command is the “Select”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Select * from tablename where condition&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from select, SQL has 3 important types of commands:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DDL : Data definition language&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DML: Data manipulation language&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DCL: data control language&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let us see the syntax for the most commonly used statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Definition language:&lt;/strong&gt; Uses CREATE, ALTER, RENAME, DROP and TRUNCATE to handle tables (and indexes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create table: Create table (field1 datatype(field size) ,……………..fieldn datatype(field size))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Manipulation language:&lt;/strong&gt; Includes statements to add, update and delete records.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To insert a row into a DB: INSERT INTO  (field1, field2, field3)  VALUES  (‘val1′, ‘val2’…’valn’);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data control language:&lt;/strong&gt; Deals with giving the authorization to users for manipulation and access to the data. Grant and Revoke are the two statements used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2015-01-18T19:26:33.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11840" CreationDate="2015-01-19T06:21:34.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Manual tester you can test database using commands given by @ashu in answser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation database testing you will need to write script , Tools are given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Selenium web driver [For Database functionality testing.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Jmeter [For Load testing on database]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to do accurate testing then You must get first knowledge of database tables , structure from your DBA OR Developer. Once you get familiar with database which you are going to test , then you will be able to test it in more detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T06:21:34.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11839" CreationDate="2015-01-19T07:02:42.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because you're opening a new tab in your browser, you can follow this pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once the tab is opened, make Selenium switch its focus to it. If you don't know how, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12729265/switch-tabs-using-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;this question has got several answers here&lt;/a&gt; or elsewhere.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apparently, Firefox puts the file content in a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag so you have a valid HTML document. So it's easy to use &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement&lt;/code&gt; to get the contents in the tag.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You now have the whole file's contents to do the string operations you want.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T07:02:42.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-19T11:13:06.583" Score="0" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a tester, I try to analyze things, think logically, look for clarity and create new ideas. What one skill is the greatest and most effective for an expert software Tester. Skill that is the secret of great testers? I want to become the top tester and most skillful in my career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, please suggest some good testing books, material and audio programs/books which great testers read that can take me to the next level? Manual or automated testing? It dosen't matter!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10800" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-19T12:03:03.800" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T13:28:15.923" Title="Which is the Most Important Skill of a Great Tester?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11847" CreationDate="2015-01-19T11:24:31.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most important skills which a good software tester must possess can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Out of the Box thinkers:&lt;/strong&gt; A good software tester should be able to create multiple what if scenarios. S/He should be able to put him/herself in customer’s shoes and apply all the scenarios in the workflow of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Excellent Communication Skills:&lt;/strong&gt; To be able to communicate the issue to the development team is the most important job of the tester. Hence every tester must possess excellent communication skill (Oral and Written both) in order to communicate the issues faced by him/her in the most effective and efficient manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quick Learner:&lt;/strong&gt; This is last and most important quality that a tester must have is the ability to adapt and learn quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Analytical:&lt;/strong&gt; A Tester usually comes across situations where he goes fully blank &amp;amp; needs to decipher as to what is to be tested. In most of the cases, testers will not find proper documentation or specifications which could be a start point for them; hence he needs to use his analytical skills to decipher the requirements as to what is to be tested. A good tester is the one, who under such circumstances tries to find out the facts to ascertain as to what needs to be tested. His good communication skills become quite helpful in such situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also a tester should have&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good technical skills like some qualification in IT or some good testing training.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A background of software development(if wants to go for automation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Skill of SQL so that he can write queries and do some background testing without having to wait for someone else to do it for him. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T11:24:31.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11840" CreationDate="2015-01-19T12:13:46.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For DB testing, you would want to test a scenario and see if they are populated in relevant tables with the right values. For this to be done, you should have strong SQL skills (to INSERT, UPDATE, CREATE, SELECT etc..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, get the DB environment ready, generally clean DB with just the test data values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perform the test (say signup)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check in DB that the signup parameters have been stored in relevant tables with right values as per the input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if there are deviations fro expected result, you might have to clean the DB and then perform the test again. This will be the best so that all the test values are as per the guidelines and that no &quot;bad data&quot; are there in DB during test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools:&#xA;I used custom tools created in python to fetch values from various tables. I think any SQL tool should work. MySQL workbench / Oracle SQL developer / PLSQL developer etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10802" LastEditorUserId="10802" LastEditDate="2015-01-19T13:53:56.300" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T13:53:56.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11850" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-19T13:06:57.430" Score="3" ViewCount="1145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a Test in &lt;strong&gt;HP Sprinter&lt;/strong&gt; and want that test to execute in &lt;strong&gt;HP&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;UFT.&lt;/strong&gt; . I have gone through &lt;a href=&quot;http://h30499.www3.hp.com/t5/Unified-Functional-Testing/Connecting-Sprinter-to-UFT-to-import-manual-tests/td-p/6077943#.VLz-59KUcQe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; but I am unable to export the test cases in .xml format. According to the link this is the only way tests created in HP Sprinter can be used in HP UFT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the steps that I followed from UFT&#xA;Click on File- &gt; Add -&gt; GUI test from Sprinter automated Test file&#xA;Where i input my .xml file, this is where it throws me an error message saying Failed to import sprinter automated test data file &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3ZU6O.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10803" LastEditorUserId="10803" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T14:13:14.177" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T05:01:14.133" Title="How do I export test cases from HP Sprinter as XML import to HP UFT?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2017-09-13T14:15:07.543" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11756" CreationDate="2015-01-19T17:06:01.390" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Globally, you want to determine the risk and take appropriate action (which may be no action). So you really want to know what the effect of the bug is, and how often and/or likely it occurs. If its rare and results on some minor UI anomaly, its not worth pursuing. If it happens every time on your landing page, or you're losing customer money, then at a minimum you'll want to add additional diagnostic code, and probably want to explore other ways to quickly nail down and fix whatever is causing this problem. More typically, the risk is somewhere in between, so the level of effort to address it is a judgement call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started with the word 'globally' because in reality, the ability and responsibility to do all that is generally split between the development team, the test team, and possibly many other stakeholders. So in addition to the technical answer, there may also be some bureaucratic problem-solving. Keep the global goal in mind, and hopefully you or someone on your team has skills in that area. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="147" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T17:06:01.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11847" CreationDate="2015-01-19T17:44:57.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diplomacy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ability to tell someone they are wrong without them realizing it. You likely will have to do this in all phases and to most of the people involved on the project on a regular basis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Communication&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to thoroughly explain your position while telling someone they are wrong. This encompasses both verbal and written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forward Thinking&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to see that someone is wrong before they show you that they are wrong. This is important with requirements and test planning. Being able to predict where the requirements are wrong and where the developers have weaknesses will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ability to analyze a situation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you need to know how badly they were wrong. There is varying levels of being wrong, and we get to tell them how wrong they were.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Creativity&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finding new ways to find flaws quicker, faster, better. Also the ability to do some of the things that end users do is well, amazing. But that's how you find where people were wrong so, it's a part of the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ability to adapt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to overcome obstacles and blockers is huge. A good QA will not stop testing because someone was wrong with one part, instead they will adapt and try to find other places where someone was wrong. And sadly, the more you find where people were wrong the more likely you are to be moved around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Slightly psychotic/mentally unstable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because our end users likely are. This one is kind of a joke but I do consider it to be a great quality in QA. Having QA that are able to assume the role of your users is beneficial. The stages for me are as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Normal User&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Child&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Grandparent&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Criminal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normal user is happy path, Child operates randomly, Grandparent is going to click on everything and Criminal is going to try and see what they can get out of it. If those 4 users works well chances are your users will be happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The terminology used is in fun. I do not consider people to be wrong because they made a mistake. I like to have fun at my job and part of it is talking about how horrible of a person I am for always searching for and pointing out my friends (developers) flaws.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2015-01-20T13:28:15.923" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T13:28:15.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2015-01-19T22:46:54.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;Firefox&lt;/strong&gt; this works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C#&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris&quot;, &quot;.companyname.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;return new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Python&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver import Firefox, FirefoxProfile&#xA;&#xA;profile = FirefoxProfile()&#xA;profile.set_preference('network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris', '.companyname.com')&#xA;&#xA;return Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10807" LastEditorUserId="17597" LastEditDate="2016-04-04T19:58:06.060" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T19:58:06.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11840" CreationDate="2015-01-19T23:43:55.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;While many of these answers suggest doing direct DB querying, I'd advise against it besides read-only checks to verify things happened the way you expected them to.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Direct creation, inserts, whatever, should be very extreme edge cases - no one should be writing such queries, and ideally there should be some API or DAO layer that the application and/or devs are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use the database to guide your thought process though when designing test cases.  For example, you're testing the user creation portion - verifying the standard CRUD operations happen in both the UI and the DB for the username, password, profile data, etc would be valuable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2015-01-19T23:43:55.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9275" CreationDate="2015-01-20T05:50:19.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The open source tools available for security testing are &lt;strong&gt;Owasp Zed Attack Proxy&lt;/strong&gt;, Ironwasp. Owasp Zap is used for security testing for vulnerabilities like XSS,SQL injection,CSRF attack, DoS attack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10809" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T05:50:19.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9275" CreationDate="2015-01-20T13:16:32.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As said above the best is probally OWASP ZAP. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows automatic scanning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows flexibility with manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attaches to the browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows you to intercept and modify all requests made to the app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a few benefits the app provides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T13:16:32.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="362" CreationDate="2015-01-20T16:26:25.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For those who are looking to do Selenium css text selections this script might be of some use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trick is to select parent of element of one that you are looking for and then search for child that has the text. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static IWebElement FindByText(this IWebDriver driver, string text)&#xA;{&#xA;    var list = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#RiskAddressList&quot;));&#xA;    var element = ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(string.Format(&quot; var x = $(arguments[0]).find(\&quot;:contains('{0}')\&quot;); return x;&quot;, text), list);&#xA;    return ((System.Collections.ObjectModel.ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;)element)[0];&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this will return first element if there is more than one since it's always one element in my case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10817" LastActivityDate="2015-01-20T16:26:25.153" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11862" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-20T23:28:12.240" Score="0" ViewCount="1553" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got not very common task to take care of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need to create several test suites for some forms in one complex web application. I'm a rookie in this field and Selenium was the first (and pretty much advertised all around) tool I've tried. The problem is that &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; of form elements' ids/names/css path used on aforementioned pages contain random fragments which will change &lt;strong&gt;each and every time&lt;/strong&gt; corresponding page is refreshed (they still contain enough of unique characters to distinguish between with certainty, with, for example, regular expressions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I'm telling &quot;random with enough unique characters &quot;, I mean something similar to that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;constant_part_1_random-fragment-new-each-time_constant_part2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those constant parts by itself unique enough to discern different elements by them, but you can't use exact matching as &lt;strong&gt;the whole string&lt;/strong&gt; changes every time.&#xA;So Selenium creates test suites in full-auto mode OK, but when I try to run it - BLAM! - it doesn't work because all element locators in each step of newly composed test suite now contain already stale path/names/ids, so no element can be found. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, regular expressions was the first solution that came to my mind, but I failed to comprehend can they be used in Selenium at all, and if they can, than can they be used in locators? Some people around the net tell they can't, others say they can..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or may be it's Selenium who is flawed? May be there are better solutions of this sort which will allow me to quickly compose those test suites? Or at least will be able to use regexps to their fullest?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10828" LastEditorUserId="10828" LastEditDate="2015-01-20T23:35:58.160" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T07:42:40.130" Title="How to tackle the problem of non-static paths/names/ids of DOM elements while automating with Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-20T23:45:26.527" Score="0" ViewCount="2388" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following is my code. When I run this, I get the list of data from a flexigrid, Once I get the data, how do I sort it in Ascending/descending order?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Experiments;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.Collections;&#xA;import java.util.Iterator;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.SortedSet;&#xA;import java.util.TreeSet;&#xA;&#xA;import junit.framework.Assert;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class getdatafromawebtable {&#xA;  static FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;  String BaseURL = &quot;https://qa.example.com/&quot;;&#xA;  int iwait = 3000;&#xA;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;  public void sorting() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.get(BaseURL);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;pswd&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='input']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;xpath&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement table = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//descendant::table[4]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    List rows = table.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;    int row_count = rows.size();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Total rows is &quot; + row_count);&#xA;    IteratorI1 = rows.iterator();&#xA;&#xA;    while(I1.hasNext()){&#xA;      WebElement data = I1.next();&#xA;&#xA;      List columns= data.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;td&quot;));&#xA;      Iterator I2=columns.iterator();&#xA;      while(I2.hasNext()){&#xA;        WebElement text=I2.next();&#xA;        String columndata=text.getText();&#xA;        System.out.print(&quot; &quot;);&#xA;        System.out.print(columndata);&#xA;        System.out.print(&quot; &quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10829" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T19:55:19.487" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T18:27:39.743" Title="how to sort a flexigrid using Selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-13T09:55:41.567" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11862" CreationDate="2015-01-21T01:10:07.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you need to select both constants, or can you get by with either?&#xA;If either, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sitepoint.com/web-foundations/css3-attribute-selectors/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wildcard css attribute selectors&lt;/a&gt; to select an element having an attribute value starting or ending with a given string:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// find input tag having id attribute starting with 'constant1'&#xA;driver.findElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[id^='constant1']&quot;))&#xA;&#xA;// find input tag having id attribute ending with 'constant2'&#xA;driver.findElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[id$='constant2']&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need both constant1 and constant2 in order to identify a given element, I'm not sure if CSS or XPath selectors can do the job. Might be easier to use javascript to find the element and give it a static attribute you can hook into with a selector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: thinking about it more, if you need both then something like this might be easiest. Find all the elements with one of the constants and loop through for the one that has the other constant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement correctElement;&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; problemElements = driver.findElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[id^='constant1']&quot;))&#xA;for (WebElement problemElement : problemElements) {&#xA;    if (problemElement.getAttribute(&quot;id&quot;).endsWith(&quot;constant2&quot;) {&#xA;        correctElement = problemElement;&#xA;        break;&#xA;     }&#xA;// now do stuff with correctElement&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="5767" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T01:23:37.097" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T01:23:37.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11862" CreationDate="2015-01-21T01:19:55.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;CSS3 includes &quot;begins with&quot; and &quot;ends with&quot; test.  If the two constants are enough to distinguish a node, and if they always appear at the beginning and end of an attribute, you can chain two tests together:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;div[id^=constant_part_1][id$=constant_part_2]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that doesn't work, befriend the developers and ask for ids or names that are (in order of preference):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;constant and human readable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;constant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;calculable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't get names or ids, ask for class names--again, constant or at least calculable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't get calculable class names, the next thing to do is to find &lt;em&gt;anything&lt;/em&gt; stable--such as the text content of descendant nodes. For that, you might need to use XPath (until CSS4's &lt;em&gt;subject selector&lt;/em&gt; becomes widely implemented).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't find stable content, the best I know how to do is to guess at DOM structure and indexes. Those are almost certainly too volatile to identify the desired elements reliably from one build to the next--or one query to the next. But I don't know how to get reliability without calculable classes, names, ids, or content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T01:19:55.190" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-21T02:13:59.660" Score="2" ViewCount="597" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose there are 4 classifications namely: cancel,find_next,match_case,direction and 1 composition find_what with 2 classifications Attributes and cursor position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What will be the &quot;all triples&quot; test suite for the above classification tree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10831" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T21:45:01.850" Title="What does &quot;all triples&quot; test suite means?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11818" CreationDate="2015-01-21T03:41:24.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you looked into TestComplete? We use it at my company and have found it to be very versatile and the SmartBear folks are excellent to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/features/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/features/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10737" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T03:41:24.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11821" CreationDate="2015-01-21T04:01:04.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If all goes as planned you should not notice a thing, the goal is to be as seamless as possible.  With that said it all depends on how the administrator has configured the policy.  Your company should have included some sort of communications advising of potential impact.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW &lt;strong&gt;Oracle Virtualbox and vSentry cannot coexist&lt;/strong&gt;, it will install but will not initialize/activate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10832" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T11:54:56.430" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T11:54:56.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11866" CreationDate="2015-01-21T07:16:35.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All-triples or all-pairs or all-n coverage is generally referred to as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/k04/ComboExamples.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;combination testing&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point of all-triples coverage is that you create tests that set a value for every variable and ensure that every possible triplet of values appears in at least one test. To get help with this topic I'd definitely recommend reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0989811905&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Domain Testing Workbook&lt;/a&gt;, chapter N, by Cem Kaner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not entirely clear what variables you have or what the values of those variables are but you can either manually create a table / matrix or use a tool like the NIST's &lt;a href=&quot;http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/acts/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automated Combinatorial Testing For Software&lt;/a&gt; or the ACTS tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the site I just referenced, the important thing to remember is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A critical problem for multi-variable testing is called combinatorial explosion. The more variables you combine, the higher the number of possible tests. Combination testing is about picking a few tests that can teach us what we need to know about the space of combinations of these variables.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The variables should be independent of one another (or at least your understanding should suggest they are independent). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tool / matrix will help you identify tests that you can choose to include in whatever suite of tests you want. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T21:45:01.850" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T21:45:01.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11870" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-21T07:31:22.350" Score="1" ViewCount="16320" Body="&lt;p&gt;What can be some solid tips and suggestions to improve whole QA/Testing process in a project. I am testing a financial web application. What are the testing areas in which we can improve the process and minimize waste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest improvement ideas in some areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test team communication.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirement documents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version control tools.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test management tools.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case/scenarios improvement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect reporting improvements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other QA process improvement/methodology/tools in general that can streamline the testing effort and increase productivity and ROI  drastically?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10834" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T12:06:44.717" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T08:21:01.183" Title="Tips to Improve the QA Process in a Project...?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11870" CreationDate="2015-01-21T08:21:19.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all you need to follow &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/software-testing-life-cycle.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;STLC&lt;/a&gt; if you want to test any software/Website properly with software testing standards.STLC is same for all. It does not matter what you are testing so STLC is base to start and complete testing with quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual Testing&lt;/strong&gt; - In most of application there are some areas which really need manual testing. So you need to find out that how much manual testing your web app. need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automation Testing&lt;/strong&gt; - It is very useful to create automate test scripts which help to reduce testing time , resource and provide reliable result if you write correct script.So when you say how can you minimize process then I like to say that automation testing is good for repeated things in app. It also helps in regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So , Before start testing if you define that how much manual testing we will need , for which functionality we will do automated script then it will help you to get time estimation for that app. testing. Also make sure that you can estimate approx. time for any app. testing only if requirement are fixed. Now a days , it is common that requirements are changing very frequently which is not good to product top quality result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which testing you need to do for your web application it is really depends on application concept. Some web app. require only functional &amp;amp; non-functional testing , some require security testing also , some require other testings and a lot more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case for &quot;Financial Web application&quot; , you should do testings like functional , non-functional , security , smoke , usability etc. If you think that there will be lot of traffic on your site when you do LIVE it , then you can also do &lt;strong&gt;Load Testing&lt;/strong&gt; to measure your app. capacity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should create Test cases , Test scenarios and Bug report which makes testing more standard. Also it is require to update test cases regularly when requirement changes otherwise it never help to find new bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Useful automation tools :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Selenium with web driver [For functionality testing]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Jmeter [For Load testing]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also make sure that before start any testing , you must have full understanding of web app. which you are going to test. So requirement understanding is very important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this help you to minimize and set proper testing process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T08:29:09.227" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T08:29:09.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11873" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11874" CreationDate="2015-01-21T10:46:46.333" Score="0" ViewCount="2413" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a simple solution to search for a string within a dropdown menu, but I would like to improve the code so it allows more options, preferable storing each option as a separate entry in a list or array which I can iterate through&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the contents using this method and assert the string exists:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var dropdown = Driver.FindElement(element);&#xA;var dropdownText = dropdown.Text;&#xA;Assert.IsTrue(dropdownText.Contains(&quot;teststring&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This method works, however the problem I have is that dropdown.text is just one long string, with each element separated by &quot;\r\n&quot;.  I have tried to store them in an IList using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; elementTexts =  Driver.FindElements(element).Select(a =&amp;gt; a.Text).ToList();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this gave the same results as my current method (one long string stored in a single entry in the list).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better way to perform this search or store the dropdown strings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7141" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T07:18:28.703" Title="Searching dropdown contents for string" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11873" CreationDate="2015-01-21T11:23:36.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want every dropdown value in a List, try using this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebElement select = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;selection&quot;));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = select.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;    for (WebElement option : options) {&#xA;          // actions on every option, like extracting the value&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, convert your WebElement &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt; to a SelectElement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SelectElement dropdown = new SelectElement(el);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;dropdown.Options&lt;/code&gt; attribute will get you the same list as above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T11:23:36.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11863" CreationDate="2015-01-21T11:36:16.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your columns list contains WebElements which have the &lt;code&gt;value&lt;/code&gt; property.&#xA;You'll have to use a sorting algorithm that works on these values, to get the elements in the order you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm no Java expert, but see if you can use a custom Comparator, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2784514/sort-arraylist-of-custom-objects-by-property&quot;&gt;here's a starting point&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, then you might write a simple algorithm yourself, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.java2novice.com/java-sorting-algorithms/bubble-sort/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;like this example&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T11:36:16.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11876" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11949" CreationDate="2015-01-21T11:40:53.613" Score="1" ViewCount="4437" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test images on a webpage. &#xA;How should I deal with the following situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To check whether all images are loaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To check if broken images are loaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To that the description in Alt=&quot;&quot; if the image is not loaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly suggest how should I do this.&#xA;I need a code in Java which works like the like given: &lt;a href=&quot;http://tools.seochat.com/tools/broken-links-images-tool&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tools.seochat.com/tools/broken-links-images-tool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-26T16:09:36.317" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T17:06:32.450" Title="Find Broken Images Using Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-02-06T17:42:50.833" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11877" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-21T11:53:17.700" Score="0" ViewCount="223" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the software maintenance process, after a new version is built, there comes software maintenance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In extent of software maintenance testing, it is done;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirmation Testing, for fixed defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;X testing, for new features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Y testing, for modifications of existing features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression Testing, to ensure that the changes not introduced new defects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please fill in the blanks, what is X and Y Testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10836" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:06:12.337" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:06:12.337" Title="What is the name of new feature testing in maintenance process?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-21T11:56:01.213" Score="1" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;How could I test (suggest me the test techniques, or what to test) if the latest version of Wordpress (4.1) is stable for building a company presentation website?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is more like a kind of assignment, not something real that I have to conduct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;my initial thoughts: the platform is already released, so I would suggest making &quot;domain testing&quot;, testing for boundaries and testing for high loads on the system... what do you guys think?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user10837" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T13:32:38.390" Title="How can I test Wordpress 4.1 for stability?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;testability&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-01-27T18:11:31.050" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11879" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-21T12:03:23.200" Score="0" ViewCount="2652" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider I am having hyperlinks on a webpage. How can I find which links are working and whichare not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly suggest me how should I track this using Selenium IDE or Java code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-01-25T09:03:56.140" LastActivityDate="2015-01-25T09:03:56.140" Title="How to find broken links using Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11877" CreationDate="2015-01-21T12:06:12.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Primarily they can be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;X --&gt; Sanity Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Y --&gt; Regression Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There can be other values also for Y such as Integration testing or System testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="6797" LastEditDate="2015-01-22T05:14:03.433" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T05:14:03.433" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2015-01-21T12:12:43.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to check all the links on a page using selenium if so the first you need to click and you need to record first. And you can check with assertLocation. It was broken or not.But I want to give you some advice if you have many tests if so please use webdriver. Because IDE have many limitation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;assertLocation&quot; Command&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This Command will check and compare targeted URL with absolute URL of the current selected page and will return error message if both URLs not match. If &quot;assertLocation&quot; Command fails then selenium will stop execution of sript. In above example, 1st &quot;assertLocation&quot; Command will return error message so that next command will be not executed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T12:12:43.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12066" CreationDate="2015-01-21T12:15:15.697" Score="1" ViewCount="723" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've developed some automation in the seleniumIDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I export that code to eclipse as java files and what other configuration will I need to do in order to run those files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T14:57:16.810" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T14:57:16.810" Title="How can I export code from the SeleniumIDE to eclipse and configure it to run as Java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11877" CreationDate="2015-01-21T12:25:13.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For new features and changes to existing features, exactly how you label the testing that's done will depend on a number of factors, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how much the feature or change affects other parts of the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whether the new build is a release candidate or not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whether the feature or change is still in active development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whether the development process is agile or not (yes, this does make a difference in my experience)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, it usually all get labeled in the catch-all of &quot;functional testing&quot; and precisely how much and how detailed depends on the change and where in the process the new build is made available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T12:25:13.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11885" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11890" CreationDate="2015-01-21T14:05:14.000" Score="8" ViewCount="2905" Body="&lt;p&gt;What kind of GUI automation tools or approaches do you know? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;GUI testing means by testing of appearance of the application under test: size, form, colour of the object etc.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know about GUI testing based on screenshots comparation. Please tell me about different approaches if you know and tell me about tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, GUI automation testing is overhead but still our executives believe that GUI automation testing is must. So, please, share about your experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T16:44:16.270" Title="Do you automate GUI testing and which tool do you use?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11885" CreationDate="2015-01-21T14:39:59.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my last four years as test automation engineer I developed test automation solutions for web applications and mobile applications. For both application types we always decided to automate functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is, that no automation tool is good enough to check the GUI well enough. There are so many things you have to check: Colors, position of elements, behavior by clicking an element, behavior by different screen sizes and so on. As a manual tester you can check this much better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, when someone else decided to develop automated GUI tests, you have to. For mobile applications is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/testing-tools/eggplant-mobile-eggon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;eggPlant Mobile&lt;/a&gt; from TestPlant maybe the right solution. The tool works with image recognition. I tested it by a test automation tool comparison and it works well for GUI tests. eggPlant is a commercial tool and automated test cases will be developed with there own language, SenseTalk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="134" LastEditDate="2015-06-17T14:21:44.107" LastActivityDate="2015-06-17T14:21:44.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11866" CreationDate="2015-01-21T17:35:13.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;All Pairs and &quot;All Triples&quot; (and the difference between these two coverage levels) can be best understood via an example. I was a bit confused by the System Under Test you described so I have provided an alternative one that should provide a clear explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a simple System Under Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zq3t6.png&quot; alt=&quot;pairwise test plan inputs&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before describing 3-way coverage, let's define the closely-related concept of 2-way coverage. All pairs coverage (AKA 2-way coverage or pairwise coverage) requires that every pair of inputs would need to appear together in at least one test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would mean, for example, that since the Philippines is a possible destination and First  is a possible class of travel, there must be at least one test including that specific pair of test inputs (and every other possible pair of test inputs).  Many testers (or at least those testers that use this test design approach) find it to be an excellent way of packing a lot of variation into a manageable number of tests. But it it is important to point out that 2-way coverage does not guarantee coverage of every possible 3-way combination (e.g., the &quot;triplet&quot; of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flying from the U.S. together with &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Class = Coach together with &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Children = &quot;more than 1&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;might NOT be included in a set of 2-way tests. (But multiple triplets ARE included in all sets of 2-way tests so any particular triplet MIGHT appear in a set of 2-way tests if you get lucky. The triplet (i) Flying from India with (ii) to the U.S. with (iii) Class = Coach does appear in the first test case of the 2-way test set for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the complete 2-way set of tests for the above example. You will notice that only 10 combinations of inputs (out of a possible 162) are required to achieve coverage of every pair:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pNmO1.png&quot; alt=&quot;a set of pairwise tests generated by Hexawise&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you had additional time to test and you wanted to achieve more thorough testing coverage, you could generate a new set of more thorough 3-way tests. Doing so would almost always generate a larger number of tests than your 2-way test set (so there is a test execution time vs. thoroughness trade-off to consider). You will notice that it takes 34 tests to achieve the 3-way coverage goal (which in this particular example turns out to be more than 3 times as many tests than were required for the less thorough 2-way solution):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ANxs9.png&quot; alt=&quot;a set of 3-way combinatorial tests generated by Hexawise&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XfF9W.png&quot; alt=&quot;the final 3-way combinatorial tests&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the interest of full disclosure, I am the Founder of Hexawise (the tool that generated the test sets above). I am a strong proponent of using these types of test design approaches because testers often find that these approaches to selecting test suites results in more highly varied test sets that have more variation and fewer coverage gaps than test suites that are selected manually by testers. Once a test suite starts to involve several thousand possible scenarios, for example, it becomes virtually impossible for a tester to efficiently and reliably select a set of tests by hand that would both (a) cover every single possible 3-way combination and (b) achieve that coverage level without a great deal of extra tests and unnecessary repetition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the increased variation, minimized amounts of repetition, and coverage efficiency characteristic of 2-way and 3-way test sets pretty consistently leads to significantly more defects being found in significantly less time (as compared to manually-selected tests). (From my experience in working with testing teams around the world at a many different companies, most testers significantly underestimate the number of coverage gaps that exist in manually-selected test suites and underestimate the amount of wasted repetition in manually-selected test suites). These typical results are not unique to our tool; they would tend to occur regardless of which tool is used to generate the 2-way or 3-way test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2015-01-21T20:43:13.017" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T20:43:13.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11877" CreationDate="2015-01-21T21:42:46.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would tend to agree with Kate that it depends. Personally I haven't seen a &quot;standard or common term&quot; in testing literature that &lt;strong&gt;only describes&lt;/strong&gt; changes to new functionality or to existing functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The industry tends to give formal labels or terms to &lt;strong&gt;test techniques&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;approaches&lt;/strong&gt; based on what we are trying to discover or measure. So a term like regression testing might be considered an activity based technique, functional testing might be considered a coverage based technique, etc. It seems like the items you've listed you are worried about risks based tests (finding potential problems) associated with new features, changes to existing features, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are concerned about sounding credible when referring to these things, my advice is: &lt;em&gt;be simple and direct&lt;/em&gt;. For example I might say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm testing bug fixes (or trying to disprove bug fixes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm testing new features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm testing changes to existing features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm regression testing x, y, z features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't matter so much what label you use, as long as your team and the people you work with understand what you are doing and/or trust you to do the job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-01-21T21:42:46.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11889" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-21T23:40:27.393" Score="0" ViewCount="799" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to the Selenium, i am trying a test on airways website, i wanted to see all the airports available in the &quot;FROM TEXT BOX&quot;, how can i get that information, i know it is hidden but is their any way to access it. i can pass a &quot;AIRPORT NAME&quot; but i wanted to see what are available airports and then select one. because all the airline does not provide provide service all over the world.if some one could help me, i would be glad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10846" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T14:03:47.403" Title="Selenium WebDriver Test on a Airways Website" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11885" CreationDate="2015-01-22T03:11:34.820" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case of responsive web application that I'm working for. I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://galenframework.com/&quot;&gt;Galen Framework&lt;/a&gt;. Galen has their own syntax to define properties of web objects; width, height, position, alignment, text, color and many more.&#xA;Its simplify and human-readable syntax works for my non-programming co-worker. and it's work well with Selenium GRID and I also use Jenkins to kick it run overnight.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion and my current work, GUI automated test is required. BUT in the beginning of the implementation, test team should focus to implement automated GUI test to regression testing where the application is stable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because implementation for a module might take more time than a manual test and if you build it on unstable module and the test script modification is need, it's painful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my experience for it. I'm also new to the GUI automated test and keep it going. Thank you to let me share mine.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T03:11:34.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11840" CreationDate="2015-01-22T03:44:47.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can go through the following link. It has few points, checklists and some resources on &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.in/2011/08/database-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;database testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T03:44:47.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2015-01-22T11:17:08.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I faced the same issue using TestNG. I had used &lt;code&gt;@BeforeMethod&lt;/code&gt; and for each method new browser is opened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I changed it to &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;@BeforeMethod&lt;/code&gt;, that worked for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10853" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T18:41:50.557" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T18:41:50.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11870" CreationDate="2015-01-22T11:56:01.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please identify the &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different types of testing that you perform for the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nature of bugs logged&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Types Regression Bug Trend How Early does tests find bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many priority bugs you find in early cycles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the tools that QA uses to identify / report issues, Exceptions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to identify your current state, pain points. Start Fixing areas based on test techniques, coverage, bugs, fixes etc.. It need to evolve as practices (continuously) each week. Daily Stand-up can establish these changes are followed, implemented and measured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T11:56:01.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11870" CreationDate="2015-01-22T12:09:15.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you already have a pretty nice list of area's where improvements can be found I think the next step is to find the most important thing to improve. I would focus on getting a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continual_improvement_process&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;continuous improvement process&lt;/a&gt; going. Possible roads are to introduce recurring &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vanreijmersdal.nl/589/continuous-improvement-with-retrospectives/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;retrospectives&lt;/a&gt; to identify parts of the process that need improvement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T12:09:15.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11896" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-22T12:29:37.343" Score="0" ViewCount="364" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a Windows application which uses Sybase as the backend database. The data from the backend is retrieved through queries and displayed in the GUI. The database is located in the same PC and no network delays are expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we have some new performance requirements which state certain maximum time for this kind of data retrieval and display. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For eg., it states 'maximum 3 seconds to retrieve the employee data when the 'query' button is clicked'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone tried automating this kind of scenarios using any tools available ? What other solutions will be possible other than manually checking the display using the watch ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10854" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T13:15:06.400" Title="Performance Testing of data retrieval from backend" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2015-01-22T12:45:37.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that it can easily be done via Selenium IDE or even WebDriver Java code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://home.snafu.de/tilman/xenulink.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Xenu's Link Sleuth&lt;/a&gt; free application to detect broken links. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;, it's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTML_Link_Parser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML Link Parser&lt;/a&gt; allows to implement something like site (or even web) spider in just few clicks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want spider and just need to test links on a single page your situation can be also handled as it described in &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/using-regular-expressions-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using Regular Expressions in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T12:45:37.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2015-01-22T15:39:51.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've has success using &lt;a href=&quot;http://wummel.github.io/linkchecker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LinkChecker&lt;/a&gt; to find all broken (404) links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7989" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T15:39:51.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11879" CreationDate="2015-01-22T17:14:21.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The approach I took in was to use Selenium Webdriver to collect all of the links on a given page.  I then used a simple http request to get the response and check it.  So it looks something like this, this code may not work exactly since I pulled it out of my own tests and tried to customize it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void linkChecker test()&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; incorrectLinks = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();         &#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; agentLinks = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;section &#xA;          div[class='line'] ul li a&quot;));  //use your own selector here.  &#xA;                                         //You will need to make sure this references your driver object as part of the test. &#xA;    logger.info(agentLinks.size() + &quot; agent links to check.&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     for(WebElement link : agentLinks)&#xA;                            {&#xA;                                String url = link.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;);&#xA;                                //logger.info(&quot;Checking: &quot; + url );&#xA;                                int responseCode = sendGetToReturnResponseCode(url,&quot;&quot;);&#xA;                                if(responseCode == 404)&#xA;                                    incorrectLinks.add(url);&#xA;                            }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTTPResponse call;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static int sendGetToReturnResponseCode(String server, String query){&#xA;        int responseCode = 0;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            // Connect to the server&#xA;            URL u = new URL(server + query);&#xA;            URLConnection uc = u.openConnection();&#xA;&#xA;            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) uc;&#xA;            connection.setDoOutput(true);&#xA;            connection.setDoInput(true);&#xA;            connection.setRequestMethod(&quot;GET&quot;);&#xA;            connection.setRequestProperty(&quot;User-Agent&quot;, &quot;USER_AGENT&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        }catch (MalformedURLException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        return responseCode;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage of this approach in my opinion is that I can do the link check with out needing to interact with the browser and actually navigate to the page so it is quite fast.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="39" LastEditDate="2015-01-23T17:17:01.797" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T17:17:01.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11896" CreationDate="2015-01-22T17:23:01.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So before you start going down the route of tools, I would ask yourself how often will you need to do this.  If once or twice your best tool is a good stop watch and a spreadsheet.  Then ask if you want to do some perf testing directly against the DB and looks for tools that will help with that.  If you have to end up testing all the way via the UI you are going to end up looking for a windows Ui automation framework and wrap some stopwatch calls around that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T17:23:01.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10320" CreationDate="2015-01-22T19:31:48.747" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lets assume that you go with the TDD approach to writing your tests.  In this case you should be focusing on writing tests for the code you are implementing.  If in this case you are working on client side code that makes calls to a server you should be working with unit tests initially that test the calls you are making.  Using stubs and mock objects you can impersonate the server interaction to build out the expected calls and responses you should get.  Your will likely have a series of tests for the submissions and a series of tests for the responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step might be to build some integration tests that allow you to test the interactions between your client side code and the server.  In this case you may have a test that wraps several methods and reflects how they work together.  In this case the server is a bit of a black box.  Assuming you get the responses back that you expect this gives lets you know that your code is playing nice with the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T19:31:48.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11627" CreationDate="2015-01-22T20:23:59.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer: I work at Applause as the Director of Community (uTest).&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We offer some free services but from your brief description it sounds like you're looking for some of our paid services. As Chris mentioned, you can fill out a Pricing Request and/or Contact Us but I'm happy to help if you want to email me directly at msolar@applause.com. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the meantime you might find this page on our Mobile Beta Management interesting; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.applause.com/mobile-beta-management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.applause.com/mobile-beta-management&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Matt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9159" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T20:23:59.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11889" CreationDate="2015-01-22T20:38:25.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This will be hard to achieve. It's possible to capture the shown contents with Selenium, but &lt;strong&gt;the complete list is stored in a server-side database&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as you're typing a letter, the suggestions are loaded (with an Ajax call) in the list in this HTML section. The div loses its &lt;code&gt;hidden&lt;/code&gt; class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that you're only getting a &lt;strong&gt;limited&lt;/strong&gt; set of airports, based on your input value. There's no way around this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;suggestion-box__content hidden&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p class=&quot;suggestion-box__msg suggestion-box__error-msg icon ic-warning-empty hidden&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;ul class=&quot;suggestion-box__list&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot; class=&quot;suggestion-box__close icon ic-cancel&quot;&amp;gt;Close&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as a value is selected, the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is cleared. So nothing is stored client-side except (momentarily) the suggestions you're shown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2015-01-22T20:57:42.980" LastActivityDate="2015-01-22T20:57:42.980" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11905" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-23T01:01:56.137" Score="2" ViewCount="822" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not so new to Jmeter.But my scenario doesn't loop if I set loopCount or set endless loop in ThreadGroup.&#xA;It just does onetime loop and stop testing without any errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually I can make a scenario does loop.&#xA;I attached below the bad jmx and good jmx as a zipfile on google drive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's defference in those two jmx.&#xA;NotWorking one is for https-website,Working one is for http-website.&#xA;But even I change the NotWorking one to http,it won't work.&#xA;I can't tell what's wrong.&#xA;Could you tell me what makes 'onetime-loop'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a zip of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B4IF7DdibOyWNU9pbThGV0FtUjQ/view?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;scenario&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Thanks,in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found it by myself.&#xA;Still I'm not sure but there's difference in jmx.&#xA;That's not controled by GUI setting(maybe).&#xA;Specifically,LoopControlPanel's &quot;LoopController.continue_forever&quot; value is different,true or false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes this difference???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10860" LastEditorUserId="10860" LastEditDate="2015-01-23T10:25:34.110" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T10:25:34.110" Title="My Jmeter scenario doesn't loop with thread-group" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-09-12T15:30:25.137" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11906" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-23T01:03:33.097" Score="0" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;What'sa good way to balance a fighting game? Should I focus on HP, MP, items, spells, damage, or etc? If HP Values are in the thousands to 100 thousand, what should the damage numbers look like? I've never really created a complicated game with so many factors and stats to consider, so I'm interested in learning what is the best way to determine game balance before sending it off to a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user10859" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T01:38:38.927" Title="What's the best way to determine how to balance a fighting game?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-01-27T18:15:39.087" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11906" CreationDate="2015-01-23T01:38:38.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not quite sure it's the best place for this (don't see many game QA questions here), but balance is all about the relationship between things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple way I've seen to manage stats is to just assign each stat a cost per unit. Then each fighter has the same budget. So then adjusting cost per unit on a given stat is a sort of lever or dial for you to balance with. You can even have that cost scale non-linearly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It get's really complex when you try to model the utility of complex affordances like say a  fireball vs. a dragon punch. Those sorts of things are what you should look for from your testers. They can give you qualitative feedback on the things most difficult to quantify (fighter x is overpowered because of reason y).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the numbers, try doubling it if they feel too small or halving it if they feel too large. Keep going until you are satisfied with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, when working with your testers you really get the most out of them when you can manage criticisms. Because without any idea of what your game is supposed to be, they are mostly left with telling you what they don't like about it (and hopefully why).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T01:38:38.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8126" CreationDate="2015-01-23T10:18:57.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using Webdriver Advanced User Interaction to click the 'Save' button. I had sort of same issue and i resolved it using Advanced User Interactions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find all the help you want regarding Advanced User Interactions in the link below. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AdvancedUserInteractions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AdvancedUserInteractions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if it helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T10:18:57.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11921" CreationDate="2015-01-23T10:43:12.663" Score="0" ViewCount="14626" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting error&quot;Type mismatch: cannot convert from element type Object to WebElement&quot;&#xA;when tried to run a java file to check broken images on webpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Code :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; List elementList = new ArrayList(); &#xA; elementlist = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));       &#xA; elementlist.addAll(driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;img&quot;))); &#xA; List finalList = new ArrayList(); &#xA;&#xA;  for (WebElement element : elementlist)&#xA;     { &#xA;&#xA;          if(element.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;) != null) &#xA;           { &#xA;                  finalList.add(element); &#xA;           }    &#xA;       } &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please help to solve it out.&#xA;below is the complete code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-01-23T15:40:15.497" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T15:33:13.263" Title="Type mismatch: cannot convert from element type Object to WebElement" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11911" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-23T11:13:44.997" Score="5" ViewCount="298" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selendroid to test android app. Everything works fine till login click/tap. Once I Tap/Click on login button it close my android application and does not return any error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class androidaut {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;    try{&#xA;&#xA;     // specify test capabilities (your 'test environment')&#xA;    SelendroidCapabilities capa = new SelendroidCapabilities(&quot;air.iNMyBabyPaid:1.3.0&quot;);     &#xA;&#xA;    // Set device serial to get device&#xA;    capa.setSerial(&quot;192.168.xx.xx:xxxx&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Set device capability for platform version&#xA;    capa.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;17&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // explicitly state that we use an emulator (an AVD) for test execution rather than a physical device&#xA;    capa.setEmulator(false);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // start a new WebDriver&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new SelendroidDriver(capa);&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // Enter user name&#xA;    WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//EditText)[1]&quot;));&#xA;    username.click();&#xA;    username.sendKeys(&quot;tester&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // Enter password&#xA;    WebElement pass = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//EditText)[2]&quot;));&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    pass.click();&#xA;    pass.sendKeys(&quot;stester#&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Get Login element &#xA;    WebElement login = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;llSignIn&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // Click on Login button&#xA;    if(login.isEnabled())&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        login.click();&#xA;        //System.out.println(((RemoteWebDriver) driver).getSessionId());&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Sorry! Your login button is disabled&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(driver.manage().logs());&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch(Exception E)&#xA;&#xA;    {&#xA;        throw E; &#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once click on Login, it goes to &lt;strong&gt;catch&lt;/strong&gt; part and returns :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: The selendroid server on the device became unreachable.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I do successful login in app. and go inside app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:19:59.400" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:19:59.400" Title="Issue when login to android app. using selendroid" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11913" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11915" CreationDate="2015-01-23T12:16:01.560" Score="0" ViewCount="420" Body="&lt;p&gt;In TFS 2013.3 I have a Feature that has a few Test Cases linked to it under the Test Cases tab. If I double-click any of the cases they open, but in editing mode - I can add new steps and edit existing ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I start running the test like I can from the a test suite or is that not possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what's the best approach for testing a feature during implementation, QA, and regression with the help of TFS... How to best organize the test cases? Test plan for each epic and test suites for each feature?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10867" LastEditorUserId="10867" LastEditDate="2015-01-23T12:41:24.910" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T12:51:43.163" Title="Start a test case from TFS 2013" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7702" CreationDate="2015-01-23T12:17:21.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Found the answer. Agents cannot debug remotely, and while the build I was executing against in the above post was &quot;release&quot; (in one instance), I was still attempting to debug. If I select the test and click &quot;Run&quot; instead, it executes successfully on the remote agent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6351" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T12:17:21.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11913" CreationDate="2015-01-23T12:51:43.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About TFS :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is obvious that when you click on already created test case , It will allow you to Edit/Modify that test case and then you able to save it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To know how to create new test case please refer : &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd380763.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Create Test Case in TFS-2013&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About Test case approach :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TFS will just help you to insert test cases , edit/update it. To test things you can do manual testing OR Automation testing for created test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your project is very long term and huge with lots of functions &amp;amp; you have expanded testing team then only better you create test plan otherwise you can create direct test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test cases depends on functionality you are testing like login , register , add to cart. Each function have diff. test case. Best test case fields are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Test case ID&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Test case Name&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Step/Action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Expected Result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Actual Result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you automate test cases by script[Like Selenium web driver] then your Regression &amp;amp; Retesting will be easy , fast and accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T12:51:43.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11896" CreationDate="2015-01-23T13:15:06.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; to measure Sybase queries performance following next steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/jtds/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Download JTDS JDBC driver&lt;/a&gt; and drop it into /lib folder of your JMeter installation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Connection_Configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JDBC Connection Configuration&lt;/a&gt; test element to your test plan and provide JDBC URL, driver class and credentials&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add one or more &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JDBC Request&lt;/a&gt; Samplers and put your queries in there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add necessary &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#listeners&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Listeners&lt;/a&gt; to visualize results. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/secret-building-database-test-plan-with-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Real Secret to Building a Database Test Plan With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T13:15:06.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11889" CreationDate="2015-01-23T13:54:37.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So to get an iterative working list go to the following url&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://intellisuggest.fareportal.com/api/IntelliSuggest/2.0/json/AutoSuggest/AIR%2FALL%2F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://intellisuggest.fareportal.com/api/IntelliSuggest/2.0/json/AutoSuggest/AIR%2FALL%2F&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt;?callback=jQuery19108656365454662591_1422021006668&amp;amp;_=1422021006672&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Changing out the bolded &quot;a&quot; to be the letter/string you would like to get a list of airports that match. This returns in a formatting as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jQuery19108656365454662591_1422021006668({&quot;Location&quot;:[{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ATL&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ATL - Atlanta Hartsfield Jackson International Airport, Georgia, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ATL&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ATL - Atlanta All Airports, Georgia, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;City&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AUS&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AUS - Austin Bergstrom, Texas, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AUS&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AUS - Austin All Airports, Texas, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;City&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ABQ&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ABQ - Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ANC&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ANC - Anchorage, Alaska, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ANC&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ANC - Anchorage All Airports, Alaska, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;City&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AMS&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AMS - Amsterdam, Netherlands&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;NL&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;Netherlands&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ALB&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ALB - Albany, New York, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ALB&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ALB - Albany All Airports, New York, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;City&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ATH&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ATH - Athens, Greece&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;GR&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;Greece&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ATH&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ATH - Athens All Airports, Greece&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;City&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;GR&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;Greece&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AUA&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AUA - Aruba, Aruba&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;AW&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;Aruba&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AMM&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AMM - Amman, Jordan&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;JO&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;Jordan&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AMM&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AMM - Amman All Airports, Jordan&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;City&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;JO&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;Jordan&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ABE&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ABE - Allentown Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;ACY&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;ACY - Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;United States&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AKL&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AKL - Auckland, New Zealand&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;NZ&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;New Zealand&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AKL&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AKL - Auckland All Airports, New Zealand&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;City&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;NZ&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;New Zealand&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;Code&quot;:&quot;AMD&quot;,&quot;Text&quot;:&quot;AMD - Ahmedabad, India&quot;,&quot;Type&quot;:&quot;Airport&quot;,&quot;Source&quot;:&quot;AIR_LOCATIONS&quot;,&quot;HotelLocationID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;IATACode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Distance&quot;:null,&quot;Latitude&quot;:null,&quot;Longitude&quot;:null,&quot;CountoryCode&quot;:&quot;IN&quot;,&quot;SubType&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;SubText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CountoryName&quot;:&quot;India&quot;,&quot;MisspellMatchWord&quot;:&quot;&quot;}],&quot;Errors&quot;:null})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of that being said ......&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;What are you attempting to accomplish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing the site you likely do not need to validate every single airport comes up on the page. Validating the data from the AJAX level will be far simpler than from the page level, plus give you an easily repeatable and responsive data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following that, you would need to validate that the Webpage displays data from the AJAX call and that the data is correct, which will only require a few of the different AJAX calls and not require all of the data to be verified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In essence, if you are tasked with testing this site, validate the data at the API level. It will save you the hassle of making tons of different Web calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2015-01-23T14:03:47.403" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T14:03:47.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-23T14:05:08.050" Score="0" ViewCount="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to automate some tests to change &amp;amp; commit some settings in the GUI of a piece of computer equipment (a CradlePoint CBA 750B cellular broadband adapter). II have been playing around with Selenium IDE and have done some capture-and-playback, but the issue is that the unit's GUI content seems to be really dynamic, and elements change name/ID every time the GUI is accessed or a different page in the GUI is visited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty new to the whole mechanics of web-based apps, and was thinking that learning more about them would help me. I've worked through the HTML and CSS tutorials on W3 Schools, but I still don't know what I need to learn about next to try to get this automated testing to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have suggestions? What might be the underlying technology for this crazy dynamic content?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10672" LastActivityDate="2015-02-22T14:32:16.817" Title="Recommend resources for learning how to test dynamic-content GUIs" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11918" CreationDate="2015-01-23T14:24:21.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of server-side technologies that might produce the kind of content you described.  Unless you plan to change the server-side code to produce more easily addressable content, knowing the server-side technology is not going to help you test with Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be a better use of your time to learn how to test pages that don't have predictable names or IDs.  Selenium IDE offers a couple of approaches: CSS selectors and XPath selectors.  A simple Google search will yield a wealth of tutorials and reference material, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/resources/selenium/css-selectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/resources/selenium/css-selectors&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/choosing-effective-xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/choosing-effective-xpath/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If those approaches don't get you anywhere, or if the page structure seems to change from day to day, you might want to consider testing by hand, or testing the easy pages with automation and the hard pages by hand.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-01-23T14:24:21.210" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11920" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11932" CreationDate="2015-01-23T15:42:02.887" Score="0" ViewCount="953" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to get all links from page but not getting all links. I am using selenium web driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args){&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.digit.in&quot;);&#xA;    java.util.List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;    System.out.println(links.size());&#xA;    System.out.println(links);&#xA;&#xA;    } }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get all links from page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9461" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T07:09:44.790" Title="Not getting all links from page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11910" CreationDate="2015-01-23T17:31:51.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that you are not declaring your Lists correctly.  You need to specify the type of object they should contain. In this case they need to be &lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and not just &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elementList = new ArrayList(); &#xA; elementlist = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));       &#xA; elementlist.addAll(driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;img&quot;))); &#xA; List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; finalList = new ArrayList(); &#xA;&#xA;  for (WebElement element : elementlist)&#xA;     { &#xA;&#xA;          if(element.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;) != null) &#xA;           { &#xA;                  finalList.add(element); &#xA;           }    &#xA;       } &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2015-05-13T15:33:13.263" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T15:33:13.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11922" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-23T17:45:03.540" Score="0" ViewCount="651" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running a recorded Test Plan in which, I have assigned 5 different users to the Thread Group, with a Ramp-up period of 5 and Loop Count of 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what happens after executing the script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test runs without errors and when I verify the results in 'View Results Tree' listener, I find all users got successfully executed without any error, but when I verify the same in system; only 2 or 3 users got registered. I deleted the registered users and ran the script again, and this time too only 2 or 3 users got registered (this time different 3 users out of 5 got registered) i.e. user selection for registration is random, but count remains only 2 or 3 out of 5 users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What can be the possible reason for this behavior of my test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why my Test Plan is not registering all the 5 users?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've checked the resource utilization on my machine too, but they were fine, no problems with that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10869" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-08T11:19:39.070" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T06:39:50.710" Title="JMeter script is not working in desired way for all users" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11920" CreationDate="2015-01-23T18:43:18.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe you are actually getting all the links from the page I think what you are seeing is that when you go to print them out you are getting the String representation of the &lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; collection&lt;/code&gt;.  To actually see each of the links you need to iterate through the list.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args){&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.digit.in&quot;);&#xA;    java.util.List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;    System.out.println(links.size());&#xA;    for(WebElement link : links)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(link);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This particular format will only give you the string representation of each WebElement object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;output&lt;/strong&gt; looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;284&#xA;[[RemoteWebDriver: firefox on XP (ef74c088-1406-44e8-a40e-ec290ea4c44a)] -&amp;gt; tag name: a]&#xA;[[RemoteWebDriver: firefox on XP (ef74c088-1406-44e8-a40e-ec290ea4c44a)] -&amp;gt; tag name: a]&#xA;[[RemoteWebDriver: firefox on XP (ef74c088-1406-44e8-a40e-ec290ea4c44a)] -&amp;gt; tag name: a]&#xA;[[RemoteWebDriver: firefox on XP (ef74c088-1406-44e8-a40e-ec290ea4c44a)] -&amp;gt; tag name: a]&#xA;[[RemoteWebDriver: firefox on XP (ef74c088-1406-44e8-a40e-ec290ea4c44a)] -&amp;gt; tag name: a]&#xA;[[RemoteWebDriver: firefox on XP (ef74c088-1406-44e8-a40e-ec290ea4c44a)] -&amp;gt; tag name: a]&#xA;....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to get the say the href attribute of the WebElement you can use this instead;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(link.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="39" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-22T10:34:15.487" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T10:34:15.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-23T22:20:03.943" Score="8" ViewCount="1807" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a SQA professional with 15 years of experience.  My industry experience is in games and in social network mobile platforms.  I'm a very accomplished team leader and mentor, with more than a small amount of department and project management experience as well.  I've founded new QA departments for small companies and managed up to 65 testers in large ones.  In other words, my resume is fairly robust and my QA fundamentals are rock-solid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, my experience is at least 95% black box.  And if I am seeing the writing on the wall correctly, the need for black box QA professionals is on the decline, while the need for SQE professionals is on an inevitable rise.  I'd like to see my pool of employment opportunities grow over time rather than dwindle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've an opportunity to take myself out of the job market for the next 6-12 months, during which I'd like to do some combination of:&#xA; - learn some programming&#xA; - learn how to use some test automation tools&#xA; - acquire an overview of SQE implementation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I won't be able to take any physical classes, but will have plenty of time for reading, online classwork and maybe find some open source projects to practice on.  Obviously I don't think that 6-12 months is going to make me into a competent SQE.  And my goal is not to entirely reboot my career and start again as a dedicated SQE.  But if I could learn enough to be able to 'speak the language', hold my own in a strategy meeting, function as a competent liason between SQE and other departments, etc... I think those skills would really broaden my resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not yet sure if I should try to become a generalist, with a broad overview of SQE, or perhaps pick something like Selenium (to pick an example out of thin air) and just learn everything possible about it.  I could see myself doing contract work, say going into companies with no automated QA processes and doing all the work of implementing Selenium, training the testers, establishing the protocols, integrating the processes between departments, etc.  I'm great at all that kind of stuff, I just don't know Selenium :).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, I'm just at the beginning of trying to figure out what I need to learn and how best to learn it.  It's a rough sea of too-much information and too many acronyms out there for me to set out without asking for some guidance.  Recommendations of books, blogs, websites, discussion groups, forums would be most welcome at this time, as well as any other advice you feel like sharing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10873" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T11:49:29.327" Title="QA Manager with no programming background looking to self-educate in SQE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11925" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-23T23:04:36.840" Score="1" ViewCount="2079" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an experienced tester but I don't have much experience with test planning, and no experience with organized test planning. When trying to create a test plan, I get tripped up by trying to cover every detail and having no idea how to organize it all. How do I start writing a test plan that is designed for decent coverage without getting bogged down attempting to covering every nuance? How do I organize the test cases? How do I analyze a product to guide how a test plan should be organized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10875" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T20:09:21.663" Title="What is the process for developing a test plan?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11925" CreationDate="2015-01-24T04:11:56.160" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think most people start by looking at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.computing.dcu.ie/~davids/courses/CA267/ieee829mtp.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the ISO standard&lt;/a&gt; documents for inspiration on how they might implement their own test plan.  Thankfully, such documents exist, otherwise there would be an even wider range of answers to this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T16:53:42.493" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T16:53:42.493" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11922" CreationDate="2015-01-24T04:14:33.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on what queries you are executing to create those users.  If the queries are creating the same user all 5 times, using 5 threads, then the threads could over-run each other.   I think as long as you are careful to track which thread is doing what, you shouldn't have a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T04:14:33.573" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10373" CreationDate="2015-01-24T04:28:20.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My favorite Jmeter report is generated by downloading &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/djangofan/run-jmeter-with-plugins-via-build-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this project&lt;/a&gt; , running the included runTestsWithGradle.bat script, and then looking at the HTML report in the folder at: &lt;code&gt;./build/jmeter-report/&lt;/code&gt; .   Also, this report can be sent as an email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ce177.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T04:28:20.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11924" CreationDate="2015-01-24T04:34:49.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a start, I would recommend going through &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this guys blog&lt;/a&gt; and working out all of the exercises on his site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T04:34:49.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11924" CreationDate="2015-01-24T05:16:38.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have really good experience and it would great if you learn automation tool properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to me you should learn following tools :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Selenium IDE [Basic selenium using firefox selenium addon to record and verify things]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Selenium Web driver [Using this you can write your own automated script]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Jmeter [It allow you to do best load/stress testing]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above all are totally open source and having great capability to make almost everything automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some helpful links :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Web Driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium web driver programs from basic to high level&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation will help you greatly to do repetitive tasks easy and fast. It will also save your time , efforts and human resources as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T05:16:38.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11924" CreationDate="2015-01-24T05:51:43.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an excellent question. I had multiple times slowed down to ramp up. I would suggest to keep one core strength and develop on others on the fly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set Learning Goals and Identify Coding Exercises&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coding for basic web service, writing unit test code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basics of Java Programming - Datastructures, basic programs exercises &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basics of TestNG, Test mobile app using Appium, Test web app using Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fundamentals of Automation Framework Design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basics of NOSQL, Big Data Vs RDBMS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Books&#xA;Selenium Simplified - Automated Web Testing with Java and Selenium RC - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.compendiumdev.co.uk/selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are a proven team player, people manager. The goal of these exercises is Know How of How stuff works is good enough. For you to help in designing / reviewing you need to keep learning!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T05:51:43.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11920" CreationDate="2015-01-24T06:43:17.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There should be lot of links as result so you must put loop when getting result , See update code below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   public static void main(String[] args){&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.digit.in&quot;);&#xA;    java.util.List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;    System.out.println(links.size());&#xA;&#xA;    for (int i=0;i&amp;lt;=links.size()-1;i=i+1)&#xA;&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(links.get(i).getText());&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;        }&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-01-24T06:43:17.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11941" CreationDate="2015-01-25T08:37:22.343" Score="12" ViewCount="5463" Body="&lt;p&gt;Several months ago I started an experiment in test automation. Each test, before it starts, picks up random test data. For instance, when my test requires a user with administration privileges, I draw a random account and then I from a group of admin users for this account I draw a random admin user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for using random test data was two-fold: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First, when we were using static, i.e., hard-coded test data, sometimes tests started to fail, because test data no longer existed in DB, e.g., a user has been removed from the database (we're having production dump in our test DB, so I guess the user has been deleted in production). When we started to find such users at runtime, the problem disappeared. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second problem was that it was not really clear why certain test data were used for a certain test. We have inherited tests from the other team and couldn't understand their intentions behind, for instance, using user &quot;xyz@awesome.com&quot;. By writing queries to find data, we started to explicitly state what type of test data we want, e.g., that we want a user with administration privileges.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While my approach solved both problems, it introduced also some new issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests occasionally fail, because they pick up wrong test data. This is because queries are sometimes incorrect. For instance, once a test drawn a random account that had no administrators at all. Good thing about that is that this way I keep learning new things about the system under tests, e.g., that there must be business reasons to have accounts without administrators.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test setup becomes more and more complex, as queries start to grow and thus tests seems now a bit more complex to understand.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was also hoping to increase coverage and find more bugs by using random test data just like it is done in fuzz testing. Instead, I mostly found bugs in my test and learned how little I know about the system under test. Finally, ROI doesn't seem big. Before the change there was a cost of maintaining static test data (updating test data if they were outdates). Now I have to maintain complex queries when the test takes &quot;wrong&quot; test data and this tends to occur more often than outdating of static test data previously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder whether using random test data really makes sense and how to do it right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-01-26T12:26:37.047" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T21:21:40.753" Title="Random test data: How to do it right?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11924" CreationDate="2015-01-25T10:29:39.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dont forget about &lt;a href=&quot;http://udemy.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.udemy.com&lt;/a&gt; as its a great resource and the teaching is well structured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now flipping this around a bit, where would you Tod Hostetler start if you had to teach someone on how to become a competent QA Manager as I seem to be getting more and more calls for a Technical QA manager with a development background. Cheers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10879" LastActivityDate="2015-01-25T10:29:39.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11924" CreationDate="2015-01-25T12:47:39.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You already have a very solid foundation to build on, with your impressive knowledge about QA and your professional skills. If you can supplement that with more technical skills and expertise in test automation, you will have a very valuable (and rare) profile on the job market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience with the many excellent people I have had a chance to work with, I would suggest to work on the following aspects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Knowledge about automation at a strategic level&lt;/strong&gt;. How do you set realistic goals? What does an organisation need in terms of vision/policy, processes and roles? Which knowledge and skills are needed? And what are the technical constraints?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Broad knowledge of tooling.&lt;/strong&gt; If by any means possible, try to get your hands on a few different tools to get a feel of what is currently on the market. Both open source tooling (Selenium, JMeter) and commercial tools. The ideal package would include tools for test management (such as HP ALM), testcase generation, test data management, automated test execution and performance testing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Programming&lt;/strong&gt;. Not just writing a few lines of code, but the real deal. In my experience this is often a real bottleneck and often underestimated. I'd recommend to follow a university-level programming course, that goes beyond just learning a language but also teaches you the basics in data structures, algorithms, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Real-life experience.&lt;/strong&gt; Make sure you get some hands-on experience, preferably working together with an experienced mentor. This will certainly speed up your learning.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Choose your focus.&lt;/strong&gt; Either become skilled in a specific tool (Selenium?), or a particular problem-domain, etc. There is so much to learn, and if you don't focus chances are that you'll never get beyond the basics. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5496" LastActivityDate="2015-01-25T12:47:39.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11938" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11960" CreationDate="2015-01-25T12:52:18.100" Score="2" ViewCount="10294" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am now working on payment gateway testing - manual testing-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this project has many payments gateways, like credit card and other payments providers like Paypal &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is there any kind of check list I should go though while I'm testing a new gateway or any special test cases I should keep them in mind, regarding security or regression test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6336" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T12:42:34.187" Title="Payment gateways checklist" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11938" CreationDate="2015-01-25T15:50:30.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to me you should keep concentrate on given requirement first. Then you can do other type of testing. As you are doing gateway testing then security testing is must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you want to do more and more test cases to apply on those things then better you create automated test scripts with diff. types of all scenarios and run them so it will give you confidence if tests pass perfectly. Also automation will save your time , efforts. It will help you to get things reliable in minimum time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In related to security testing , you can check it as per credit card bank rules for name , pin , 16 digit num &amp;amp; date. It will help you to do correct testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9461" LastEditorUserId="9461" LastEditDate="2015-01-26T02:33:21.313" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T02:33:21.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11935" CreationDate="2015-01-25T20:45:55.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;However you obtain test data, you would like to know that it is appropriate to the intention of the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the test data is defined outside of the tests themselves, there is always the chance that the data will drift away from the intentions of the tests. The chance increases if the data is maintained by someone other than the test automators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you select test data from some predefined pool, your selection mechanism will have to apply &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; of the criteria that matter to your test. It's common (as you're learning) to overlook important criteria. Your tests end up making unwarranted assumptions about any criteria not enforced by the query. Or you apply all of the criteria, but as the test data changes, a query may eventually fail to find a satisfactory item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general danger: &lt;strong&gt;Making automated tests depend on &lt;em&gt;anything&lt;/em&gt; they do not control can lead tests to fail &lt;em&gt;regardless of whether the system satisfies its responsibilities&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; That is, your tests end up telling lies, and people very quickly stop trusting them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few ways to solve the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Let tests control test data.&lt;/strong&gt; One approach is to give each test control of its own test data. That is: Have each test &lt;em&gt;create&lt;/em&gt; its test data, rather than select it from a pool of data maintained elsewhere. Establishing the test data can make each test run more expensive and time consuming. But it makes the tests far more reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fake the database.&lt;/strong&gt; To solve the problem of expensive test data setup, you can remove the real database from the tests and use a fake one. The big advantage: You have control over the data without the overhead of setting up a real database. The big disadvantage: Your fake database might behave differently from the real one, and your tests end up telling lies. It's a tradeoff, made somewhat more palatable if you can create a fake database with sufficient fidelity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Controlled randomness.&lt;/strong&gt; With either of these approaches, if you want to randomize the data, you can do it directly, randomizing the particular attributes you care about, and randomizing them in ways that you care about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2015-01-25T20:45:55.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11935" CreationDate="2015-01-25T23:14:38.627" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great question.  I see two issues, as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Using random data may lead to unrepeatable results&lt;/strong&gt;.  You can mitigate this by logging (or otherwise recording) every random choice you make, and then playing those choices back.  That could be as easy as recording the initial seed to your random number generator, assuming your data does not change over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It can be hard to write tests in a general enough way to deal with arbitrary, randomly selected data&lt;/strong&gt;.   This is the harder problem.  Choosing a different random integer is one thing; choosing a different user (with properties that vary from one user to the next) is something else.  Consider how a test works in the abstract: it chooses some inputs, applies them to a function, and then verifies that the result is correct.  There are a few ways to approach that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The developer precalculates the expected result and hardcodes it into the test.&lt;/strong&gt;  That only works if the developer decides on the inputs ahead of time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The test uses the inputs to calculate the expected result, and then compares that to the actual result.&lt;/strong&gt;  If the test can use arbitrary (random inputs), this means the test needs to replicate a lot of the logic in the system under test.    This is almost certainly not what you want, especially for a complicated system.  You are just as likely as the developer to implement a complicated algorithm in a buggy way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The test uses some other means of verifying that the result matches the input.&lt;/strong&gt; Sometimes there are shortcuts, or at least alternatives, you can take to verify a result.  As a naive example, if a system sums a list of numbers, you might verify the result but subtracting the list from the sum, and then checking whether the new result is zero.  Most systems cannot be tested this way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good place to use randomly selected data is in a &lt;strong&gt;comparator test&lt;/strong&gt;, where you compare two versions of the same system using the same inputs.  A comparator test will not tell you whether a system is correct, but it will help you find changes in behavior.  That might be something for you to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-01-25T23:14:38.627" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11924" CreationDate="2015-01-26T02:56:11.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what SQE is (software quality engineer?) but if you want to get better at white-box approaches then learn to program. Python and Ruby are well known programming languages and both are useful to know if you intend to build automation using Selenium WebDriver. Once you are familiar with programming (or at the same time) start to learn WebDriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Building teams and building tools or automation require very different skill sets. One is not better than the other. If you are very good at building teams and you have a steady stream of opportunities then that's a reason to get better and better at team building.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10656" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T02:56:11.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11924" CreationDate="2015-01-26T12:39:40.623" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few thoughts based on my not-quite-ten years experience as a tester and automator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Learn the principles, not a tool&lt;/strong&gt; - If you understand the principles of automation and how it works, you're going to be in a much better strategic position than if you simply learn an automation tool. You could do worse than to dig through &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Joe Strazzere's blog&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Alan Page's blog&lt;/a&gt; for some interesting insights into test automation as well as test management in general.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand different automation levels and techniques&lt;/strong&gt; - Test automation can be performed at multiple levels, from unit tests (which should be written by developers and run with each build) through various forms of integration, module, and API tests, to GUI-level tests. If you understand the pros and cons of each kind of automated test, and where you'd choose one over another, your automation specialists will worship at your feet (maybe not literally - but having had to educate a number of leads on this topic, I can say that someone who gets it is &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; welcome addition to a team).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand the different purposes of test automation&lt;/strong&gt; - Test automation can happen for a number of reasons. A lead/manager who knows and understands them is someone many testers love to work with - because they aren't having to justify &quot;unproductive&quot; time (yes, I've had this...). The most common, and what you'll see a lot of here is functional and GUI-based automation used for regression testing. Most of the big-box tools are geared towards this, and most of them use record-playback as their selling point. Which leads to my next point:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Record-playback should be consigned to the deepest pits of hell&lt;/strong&gt; - It makes fragile tests that are hellish to maintain. The main reason record-playback is such a  big selling point is because it makes it easy for someone with no programming background to create a whole lot of tests quickly. When I use record-playback, I use it solely to get object handles I can manipulate programmatically: this is the only valid use for record-playback in my opinion, and a decent object inspection tool can do the same job.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automation is programming&lt;/strong&gt; - This should be obvious to a professional with your level of experience, but it's worth repeating anyway. Automation is programming, and automation code needs to be subject to similar levels of inspection, code review, and code standards as production code. It's got to stop somewhere, of course, or you have tests to test your tests of the tests of the test code, but code review of all new test code and regular review of the tests being run is a must. Don't be afraid to deprecate tests that are no longer relevant, either: automation is a resource-intensive activity, and maintaining test code that's not being used in production is a waste of everyone's time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-01-28T11:49:29.327" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T11:49:29.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11946" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12352" CreationDate="2015-01-26T13:44:54.810" Score="1" ViewCount="742" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently trying to create a performance test in Visual Studio 2013 for an older web application with numerous redirects.  One of these redirects contains a url with a &lt;code&gt;+&lt;/code&gt; in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;Object moved to &amp;lt;a href=&quot;%2fPage.aspx%3fname%3dLYNDON+VROOMAN%26type%3dMyType&quot;&amp;gt;here&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When Visual Studio attempts to run the web performance test and follows the redirect, it attempts to go to &lt;code&gt;/Page.aspx?name=LYNDON VROOMAN&amp;amp;TYPE=MyType&lt;/code&gt; which of course returns a 400.  The redirect, of course, is also not appearing in the recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't normally run performance tests on web sites with a GUI.  I've tried added an HTMLEncoded flag to every parameter, and tried generating code and adding a replace to any of the strings that I can see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure that it's something small that I'm missing, but, I'm not seeing it and my searches for information are coming back fruitless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T10:09:11.033" Title="redirect containing + is not being encoded properly by visual studio" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-26T14:52:26.960" Score="0" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to write program which search all images on webpage and looks if any images missing with alt attribute of value inside the attribute.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T14:52:26.960" Title="How to find Missing &quot;Alt&quot; Attribute or Value in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-02-01T17:47:29.407" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11924" CreationDate="2015-01-26T15:45:06.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So you would likely be geared more towards an automation lead role and less towards an automation engineer role. While having extreme technical experience is great, you should understand principles more than practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Development Principles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn the basics to a few different programming. Buy some development books that focuses more on the principles than any one specific language. Since it is unlikely you will be &quot;neck deep in code&quot; too often, you will likely be more responsible with consulting different partners and explaining your positions and ensuring that the project's long term goals are on track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Automation Principles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Understanding how to automate is a major key. Learning Selenium is great, but if your system is using APIs on it's middleware layer than knowing SoapUI might be a better focus. Understanding what to automate, how to automate it and what tool to use is probably the most important thing you could possibly learn. Sadly this will to some degree only come with experience. The building of an extremely difficult to maintain GUI based automation system when there could have been an easy to maintain API automation built type of mistakes will lead to that experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;TOOLS TOOLS TOOLS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you hired a contractor and he tried to hammer in a screw, I think you'd fire him. Using the right tool for the right job is key. Knowing that while SoapUI can do Web Based testing, it is not wise for it, is crucial. Knowing that while Record and Playback scripts might give you the breathing room to build a maintainable Automation framework is useful, but expecting too much from those scripts could quickly get you either  unemployed or without a staff. Knowing what is best to use for different situations is likely the most difficult task in the automation world. Tools are constantly changing and adjusting, all with a niche in a specific place. Learn them, know them and never stop studying them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Where to learn&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/unanswered&quot;&gt;A great resource for common issues in SQA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.soapui.org/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API testing resource&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object Oriented Programming concepts &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/22769/Introduction-to-Object-Oriented-Programming-Concep&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;C#&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/concepts/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn the basics about as many different tools as you can find&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T16:14:39.240" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11876" CreationDate="2015-01-26T16:09:01.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;With Selenium&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure Selenium should be used as a link/image checker. In an ideal world you would define which images are on a page, if the images exist you could check their ALT tag. Then your tests verifies those predefined situations are still there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumtestautomationtipsandtricks.blogspot.nl/2013/01/finding-elements-using-class-selector.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt; shows how you can find images based on their ALT content:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;img[alt='Previous']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the feel you looking for some code that magically detects what images exist on a page and if they are correct. This is what some link checkers do, they check the source of an image or link exists. Then check if they have a ALT text, but do not check the correct value. The tool you linked to is a web-based tool and the magic happens on their back-end. You cannot re-use their work without the back-end code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.studyselenium.com/2014/01/how-to-find-broken-images-in-page-using.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt; shows how you can loop tru all images on a page with Selenium in Java. If you combine that with the first blog post you can then check the ALT text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class findbrokenimages {&#xA;  static int invalidimg;&#xA;  static WebDriver driver ;&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;      driver.get(&quot;http://ruchi-myseleniumblog.blogspot.in&quot;);&#xA;      invalidimg = 0;&#xA;      List allImages  = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;img&quot;));&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Total  images are &quot; + allImages.size());&#xA;      for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; allImages.size(); i++) {&#xA;        WebElement img = (WebElement) allImages.get(i);&#xA;        if (img != null) {&#xA;          verifyimgActive(img);&#xA;        }&#xA;      }&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Total invalid images are &quot; + invalidimg);&#xA;      driver.quit();&#xA;    } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;      e.printStackTrace();&#xA;      System.out.println(e.getMessage());&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  public static void verifyimgActive(WebElement img) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      HttpResponse response = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(new HttpGet(img.getAttribute(&quot;src&quot;)));&#xA;      if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200)&#xA;      invalidimg++;&#xA;    } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;      e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also look into the &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#getAttribute(java.lang.String)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;.getAttribute()&lt;/a&gt; function of a WebElement: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23394828/how-to-get-the-value-of-an-attribute-using-xpath&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23394828/how-to-get-the-value-of-an-attribute-using-xpath&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Open Source LinkCheckers&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you are looking for something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java: &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/linkchecker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/linkchecker/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Python: &lt;a href=&quot;http://wummel.github.io/linkchecker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://wummel.github.io/linkchecker/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-01-26T17:06:32.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11950" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11952" CreationDate="2015-01-26T22:16:45.050" Score="2" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to web performance testing. I was looking for tools with which I could stress test my mvc application written in c# and see how it performs under severe load. I want to simulate approximately 10000 virtual users. I found many people have mentioned JMeter for stress testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;However, I could not find if I can simulate these many users with JMeter and how many machines do I need for this. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another option  which is paid is Visual studio ultimate. This one is pretty expensive for a very small organization that has couple of (not so big) applications to test.  But still I want to know that if I want to use  few 100 machines(available with the company) in stress testing my application, one license of VS utlimate is sufficient?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any other suggestions for tools that can provide the said number of virtual users would be very helpful&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10858" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T11:21:19.630" Title="Stress test mvc application" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11950" CreationDate="2015-01-27T02:01:17.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get a free trial of our tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stresstimulus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;StresStimulus&lt;/a&gt;, which includes unlimited number of virtual users and unlimited number of agent machines. &#xA;StresStimulus is more lightweight than VS Ultimate and can emulate about 40% more users on the same hardware. Re: pricing, StresStimulus' weekly or a monthly licenses are substantially less costly than VS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="704" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T02:01:17.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11950" CreationDate="2015-01-27T03:36:32.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter is best option for load testing of any web application and database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- To simulate 10000 virtual users , if you want to use jmeter then you will have to use cloud system like &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blazemeter.com/&lt;/a&gt;. Because for this type of high load testing cloud system is only capable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 -  About another tool , You are right those are very expensive. So I suggest you to use above if appropriate for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T03:36:32.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11956" CreationDate="2015-01-27T05:25:41.447" Score="3" ViewCount="2325" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just confuse about Alpha &amp;amp; Beta testing specially in case that who &amp;amp; where it is performed, I am reading the ISTQB syllabus and according to that both [Alpha &amp;amp; Beta] testing are &lt;strong&gt;performed by potential customers&lt;/strong&gt;, here is the exact paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Developers of market, or COTS, software often want to get feedback from potential or existing customers in their market before the software product is put up for sale commercially.  Alpha testing is performed at the developing organization’s site.  Beta testing, or field testing, is performed by people at their own locations.  Both are performed by potential customers, not the developers of the product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I go through Google and search about both terms, it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alpha testing is done at developer site by tester and Beta testing is done by potential customers at their own location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:06:26.447" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T08:32:23.867" Title="ISTQB - Alpha &amp; Beta testing terms confusing me" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11953" CreationDate="2015-01-27T08:00:02.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience the google answer reflects the common understanding, while the ISTQB syllabus takes on a more theoretical approach. I will elaborate the ISTQB view from my understaning here:&#xA;The focus of these tests, in genereal, is to simulate user / customer behaviour(hence the &quot;potential&quot;). You are conducting these as parts of the acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alpha testing is most of the time done on site at the developers, usually by test experts from the company or some externals. You should avoid to get developers involved in testing at this stage since you need a external &quot;potential costumer&quot; view. The tests should simulate user behaviour (&quot;As if a potential customer was using the software&quot;). These tests can already be conducted early on, focusing on some parts of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beta testing is usually done &quot;in the field&quot; with people who might be potential customers (&quot;As a potential customer using the software&quot;).&#xA;The product should already be in a more advanced stage with almost all its features available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary:&#xA;(ISTQB says:) Alpha testing is done by people who behave like potential customers, Beta testing is done by people who are potential costumers.&#xA;I sincerly hope that helps and lessens the confusion!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10740" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T08:00:02.197" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11953" CreationDate="2015-01-27T09:12:16.440" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alpha Testing is mostly done in-front of the developers by the product owner or the customer, to let developer notice where the user can be go wrong with UX and etc, from the users perspective before releasing a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beta Testing is basically releasing the solution to the consumers to use and report the bugs and enhancements, where then the developers attend to those and release the final solution afterwards with the bug fixes and possible enhacements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10903" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T09:12:16.440" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11957" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-27T09:20:17.593" Score="2" ViewCount="796" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a CodedUI project to check on a Web Solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There, when Im testing for launching the site (as in launching the web URL), I am facing an issue with closing the browser as it finish testing, where it wont allow to use the same browser instance for further testing, Unless if I keep open a instance of a browser (IE) prior manually before running the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please assist me with this, where I was unable to find a suitable solution. I even went through articles in MSDN where I posted regarding this issue as a comment which I'm facing, since I tried various ways of Code Snippets so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(MSDN : &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/visualstudioalm/archive/2012/11/08/using-same-applicationundertest-browserwindow-across-multiple-tests.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/visualstudioalm/archive/2012/11/08/using-same-applicationundertest-browserwindow-across-multiple-tests.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;StackOverFlow : &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27936231/codedui-the-browser-gets-closed-as-finish-testing-without-keeping-for-testing&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27936231/codedui-the-browser-gets-closed-as-finish-testing-without-keeping-for-testing&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My written code is provided below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;---&#xA;-- common.cs  &#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;    public void LoadLocalHost()&#xA;    {&#xA;      this.UIMap.LoadLocalHost();&#xA;    } &#xA;---&#xA;-- UIMap.Designer.cs&#xA;public void LoadLocalHost()&#xA;    { &#xA;      this.UIMsnInternetExplorerWindow.LaunchUrl(new System.Uri(&quot;http://localhost:5500/&quot;));&#xA;      Console.WriteLine(UIMsnInternetExplorerWindow.CloseOnPlaybackCleanup);&#xA;      UIMsnInternetExplorerWindow.CloseOnPlaybackCleanup = false;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Highly appreciate an assistance from some one who can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10903" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T10:08:33.500" Title="CodedUI : The Browser gets closed as finish testing without keeping for testing further steps" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11957" CreationDate="2015-01-27T10:08:33.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preferable you want each test to run in isolation. You don't want any artifacts of a previous test laying around. So closing the browser after each test sounds as a good thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test follows three steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup: Launch browser, setup database, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test: Run single testcase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Teardown: Cleanup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can use TestInitialize and TestCleanup methods, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182517%28v=vs.100%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Anatomy of a Unit Test&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6193744/what-would-be-an-alternate-to-setup-and-teardown-in-mstest&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6193744/what-would-be-an-alternate-to-setup-and-teardown-in-mstest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T10:08:33.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11953" CreationDate="2015-01-27T11:56:03.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me state few differences between both the testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alpha Testing is performed by the developers at the &lt;strong&gt;software development site&lt;/strong&gt;. Beta Testing is performed by the &lt;strong&gt;customers at their own site&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes Alpha Testing is also performed by Independent Testing Team. Beta Testing is not performed by Independent Testing Team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alpha Testing is performed in Virtual Environment. Beta Testing is performed in Real Time Environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alpha Testing is performed within the organization. Beta Testing is performed outside the organization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="30078" LastEditDate="2019-04-11T08:32:23.867" LastActivityDate="2019-04-11T08:32:23.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11938" CreationDate="2015-01-27T12:42:34.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tested credit provider gateways and implementations for years, so I can give a few suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Security&lt;/strong&gt; - no matter where you are in the world, there will be security requirements. Some common ones, depending on the gateway: &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data transmitted to the gateway is sent over a secured channel (https or some other secure means)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data logged does not include card holder name, card number, account number, PIN&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If card number is stored by your application (e.g. for recurring payments), it must be stored in an encrypted format, the ability to view the unencrypted data must be limited, and any such views must be logged. This is pretty common because if there's a disputed payment someone has to track the full data of the transactions to determine what happened on their end.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Certification&lt;/strong&gt; - some gateway providers require that any application using their gateway be certified with them. In this situation, the provider will provide the tests and the data you're expected to provide. Some allow you to perform the tests on your time frame and send you the data, others you'll wind up sitting on the phone performing transactions while the person on the other end checks that everything has worked correctly. I've done both. If certification is required, you need to do it, or your organization is liable for any disputed payments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hardware&lt;/strong&gt; - some gateway providers are bound to specific hardware. In this case you need to test the hardware integration as well as the payment process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plugin function&lt;/strong&gt; - plugin gateways are nice because someone else has done the certification testing for you. Your main concern with these are making sure that all the legal requirements for using the gateway are met and making sure that the plugin integrates nicely with your application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Configuration&lt;/strong&gt; - most gateway providers offer a test server of some flavor. You need to be able to easily switch to the live server once testing is done. The most difficult payment provider testing I've done has been with providers who don't use a test server and provide test access for a limited set of card numbers and time. It makes debugging a nightmare.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression can be difficult&lt;/strong&gt; - Regression testing pretty much by definition has to be performed against a provider's test server, which is not always going to be available. Some organizations block access to their test servers after they've certified your software. Others will remove older accounts after some set period of time. In addition, test servers invariably have looser validation rules than live servers, and bugs in test servers tend to remain rather longer. This means that unless you have your own simulators (which bring their own issues), your ability to perform systematic regression is often limited.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Batch vs Per-Transaction providers&lt;/strong&gt; - Some providers will perform batch processing, meaning that they will give a provisional authorization at the time of transaction, but full authorization and funds transfer doesn't occur until the end of day batch processing. This usually includes a limit to the size of the batch, meaning you need to make sure you perform more than that many transactions in a day so you can test that the batch splits correctly and all the transactions process. When you've got a maximum batch size of 1000 and strict rules about duplicate transactions, things get... interesting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fortunately, once you get a particular gateway working correctly and certified, it won't change much over its lifetime. When I was working with an application that supported more than 30 different gateway providers around the world, that was possibly the only thing that saved my sanity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T12:42:34.187" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11961" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-27T13:44:54.413" Score="2" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked these questions during a job interview question. I totally stumbled on # 1 and for # 2 even though I answered but not a very convincing way. I would appreciate a concise and well phrased answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;During SDLC, when would you be asked to take it &quot;offline&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Throughout SDLC process, where would you implement test automation&#xA;  and why?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10907" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-28T12:15:04.547" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T07:00:36.710" Title="What's &quot;Offline&quot; in SDLC and when/why do we use test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11961" CreationDate="2015-01-27T16:51:26.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would have responded with a clarification of exactly what &quot;offline&quot; means. I can think of three possible definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Offline means disconnected from a network. If it is part of the requirements that your application be available without a network connection, then I would begin testing the offline capabilities as soon as those features are ready, as per the development plan. The sooner you find any bugs, the more cost effective they are to fix.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Offline means outside the scope of current discussion. Often in a meeting, people start getting into an unnecessary level of detail than is warranted by that meeting. A good meeting manager will rein them in by asking them to &quot;take it offline&quot;. I could see a translation of this concept relating to the SDLC in terms of eliminating scope creep. That is to say that in the current iteration of the life cycle that creeping features be &quot;taken offline&quot;, or further refined and prepared for the next iteration. I would consider this to be an esoteric use of the term, but we're talking about an interview here so who knows.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The most likely use of the term is the end of life of an application. To take an application offline would mean to discontinue support for the application and if applicable to shut down any servers or other resources necessary for its operation. For desktop applications, users might continue to use it but they do so at their own risk. This would occur at the end of the SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your second question, to quote Alan Page, &quot;We should automate 100% of the things that we should automate.&quot; We want to implement test automation any time we can define the inputs and programatically define the expected outputs, can set up a harness for performing those operations, and can run and analyse a test in a more cost effective manner than we could running that test manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can't automate every test, and even of the ones that we can we shouldn't automate them all because either they're too hard to define, too hard to harness, too hard to analyze, or simple too expensive to automate. But when there is a cost savings (which comes in many forms, whether it's direct labor, faster notification of bugs, or higher coverage than manual testing) we should automate as soon as is reasonable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T16:51:26.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11785" CreationDate="2015-01-27T17:04:22.897" Score="14" Body="&lt;h1&gt;How to get started with Selenium: A Brief Overview&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you want to automate browser-driven tests, and you're not sure where to get started. You've heard of this &amp;quot;Selenium&amp;quot; thing, and you think it's what you want, but you can't be sure. Fret not! Here's a quick rundown of what you're looking at and how to get going. This is mostly adapted from two sources: &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the official documentation&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://bayley.green-gaillard.com/blog/?p=89&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;my blog post&lt;/a&gt; on the subject from a short while ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Selenium IDE, Selenium RC, and Selenium Webdriver&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are three products with the name &amp;quot;Selenium&amp;quot;. You can safely disregard the old Selenium RC product if you're just getting started, as it has been superseded by the new &amp;quot;Selenium Webdriver&amp;quot; product. That leaves Webdriver and Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is a firefox plugin that records simple automation tasks in the browser and saves them as XML so they can be played back. It is great for one-off tasks like recording the steps to repeat a bug report, but it produces output that is difficult to maintain in the long run, so you don't want to use it as the only tool for a large automation project like a full regression suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;WebDriver&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver, on the other hand, has two components: a client and a server. These can be bundled together if you're always going to execute your tasks on the same machine the code is running on, or you can use RemoteWebDriver to set up a dedicated machine for test execution separately from the machine used for code execution. In practice, this can be very useful if you want to, say, run the tests in a VM so you don't have browser windows popping up and closing all over your desktop while you're trying to debug something, so I always use RemoteWebDriver and just start a local instance of the server if I'm only running from one machine. But you can do as you please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What language do I use?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you've decided to use Webdriver, rather than Selenium IDE. Good for you! Now you have to decide what language you want to automate your tests in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have good news here too: ultimately, it doesn't matter. Pick a language that fits the tooling around your process, or, barring that, a language that you're personally comfortable in. Many people use the C#.net bindings or the Java bindings, but many more use python bindings. The libraries are the same across all bindings; the only thing that changes is the exact syntax of calling methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What do I automate?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Webdriver is very good at driving browsers, but it's still an unfortunate fact that GUI-based automation is slow and fragile compared to headless automation. Wherever possible, try to automate at a lower level, for example, a unit test or an integration test. This will provide much more stable, rapid tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there is of course value in automating against a GUI. You should automate &lt;strong&gt;functional&lt;/strong&gt; tests that are stable and provide value to your organization. Ultimately, only you (and your team) can decide what's worth automating. I suggest starting with simpler test cases so you can get a feel for how much work it takes to automate a script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How do I structure my project?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first functional test frameworks were for desktop and ATM software; I’d never heard of the PageObject concept, but I learned by example how much easier the tests were to read if you had a detailed framework. This also allows for separation of concerns with regards to staff: let those who are good at programming work on the framework, and those who have a good eye for test cases work on the test code itself by calling framework methods. The framework should contain everything needed to interact with the software under test, packaged up in clear, easily read methods like mainWindow.openHelp() or fileDialog.chooseFile(filename). Your test author shouldn’t have to know about things like button names or window handles or xpath locators in order to write a test; they should use something very close to human language, so it’s easy to verify that the automated test matches the manual test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Webdriver, this is accomplished by using PageObjects. In essence, a PageObject is a class that represents a single page or portion of a page in your web application, akin to a class representing a screen or a dialog in desktop automation. There is a PageFactory class that can automatically create elements in your PageObject on the fly when they are required based on annotations; I suggest reading through the documentation, because this is a really neat little time-saver for creating your framework. I also like to create a helper method that will take in a url and return the PageObject that that URL represents, therefore allowing the test to figure out when it’s ended up on the wrong page by mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What information do I need about the application?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The good news is you probably don't need a developer handy to figure out how to interact with the page! The bad news is you'll become intimately familiar with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_selectors.asp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;css selectors&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;xpath&lt;/a&gt;, and the structure of the DOM. If you're not very web-savvy, you may want to partner with a developer to help figure out what selectors you can use to get to elements. If you use jQuery, you can often test out your css selectors by passing them to the jQuery object and seeing if any elements are returned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Where can I find more information when I get stuck?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always search this site and StackOverflow for questions (or ask one if the information is not already covered), but you'll also want to familiarize yourself really well with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/index.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt;. There are also many books on the subject (such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9781782168850.do&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;) if you learn better from books, and you can find online web courses (like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pluralsight.com/courses/selenium&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;) if you learn better that way. Ultimately, test automation is one of those subjects in which you'll always be learning new tricks, and every project will build on the successes and failures of the previous one. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-01-27T17:04:22.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9747" CreationDate="2015-01-28T09:15:11.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to the evil realm of nonfunctional requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The core information your teacher gave you is, in other words, &amp;quot;No idea, go figure something out, and I will decide if I agree with it.&amp;quot;&#xA;And this is what happens most of the time in real world projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Focusing on your information: one user, local environment, we already have some valuable points to analyse. What you need are use cases. What are your users suppose to be doing with the program, where is the focus of its use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Examples:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Reliability:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The program doesn't crash, if if you do X. X is your metric here, which you can brak down to e.g. &amp;quot;normal stuff&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;extra stuff (running other programs in background, chaning focus,..), &amp;quot;evil things&amp;quot; (you want to leave these things out, because if a user decides to run the program on a laptop in a marathon race, blindfold, jumping on one leg and having pi calculated in the background to the 10^20000 decimal).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Usability:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user can work with the program, ..X. X as metric again: &amp;quot;...and is able to use all functions after no more than 3 clicks/windowchanges&amp;quot;(simple), &amp;quot;...and a new user is able to complete the program within a certain timeframe of x minutes&amp;quot; (evil)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Performance:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Loading time for the program(&amp;lt;1min), time between changes when the user is interacting with it(&amp;lt;2s), and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Maintainability:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should updates, bugfixes be handled? How often? (Like: once a year, updated must not require a full reinstall, ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It all depends on the scenario you whish to use the program in.&#xA;Your other issue, defending the metrics, requires some kind of evidence that you did not make these values up. My suggestion is to conduct a field analysis of those who should later use the program(assuming the user is at all in the scope of the program's design). Take times for performance issues, confront users with &amp;quot;this was 5s, are you sure you are satisified with this speed just for a scroll down action?&amp;quot;. Just watch out that you are using realistic values: 0,01s reaction time is nice, but is it necessary for the aim of the program?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10740" LastEditorUserId="48771" LastEditDate="2021-03-16T12:35:32.540" LastActivityDate="2021-03-16T12:35:32.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11967" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11968" CreationDate="2015-01-28T12:20:23.207" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner to &lt;strong&gt;Selenium Webdriver&lt;/strong&gt;.I know some basics of it but don't have whole contents about selenium webdriver with me which I should learn.I also know java and its concepts very well.So, I preferably want to learn selenium in java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any one who could help me with the contents and the learning sites which are free for selenium learning? I have done lot of reasearch on selenium webdriver but most of the sites provide paid learning for selenium. I want to learn selenium by self. So, if I could get any site which provides &lt;strong&gt;free&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;video tutorials&lt;/strong&gt; for all contents then it will be heaven for me. &#xA;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(CurrentlyIi am doing job as manual tester but I want to move my career into automation field and thought selenium is the best way to start with)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10865" LastEditorUserId="18104" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T08:14:24.987" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T08:14:24.987" Title="Need help to find Selenium Webdriver contents and the learning sites" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-02-01T17:44:45.593" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11967" CreationDate="2015-01-28T12:26:24.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following links will help you to get detail idea about selenium :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following link will help you to get selenium code examples :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium code examples with tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following link will help you to get selenium code examples with video tutorials:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/selenium-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium tutorial with some vidoes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T12:26:24.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11969" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-28T13:13:49.747" Score="2" ViewCount="1996" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of a website that can accept a TCP/IP socket connection and show data sent to it? There are many sites that can display HTTP transactions and many installable programs that can do this, but I haven't been able to find an online version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10914" LastActivityDate="2018-07-13T15:20:32.997" Title="Online test platform for sockets" Tags="&lt;sockets&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5227" CreationDate="2015-01-28T18:41:13.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.patshala.com/istqb/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this site&lt;/a&gt; to be pretty good.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My favorite though is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://skillsnb-competencesnb.skillport.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Skills NB site&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to search for the course, but the tests are given in very well manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10916" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T06:20:19.403" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T06:20:19.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11969" CreationDate="2015-01-28T22:13:15.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can it be on your local network? If so, you can check out the various example programs at &lt;a href=&quot;http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Echo_server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rosetta&lt;/a&gt; and run whatever language you are most comfortable with. Tweak it to the port of your choice, and perhaps instead of echoing, have it output the data to a file or local terminal if you want a better way to access the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2015-01-28T22:13:15.420" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-28T22:17:21.850" Score="4" ViewCount="4644" Body="&lt;p&gt;We need to do a headless testing of a project using Selenium + PHPUnit for which PhantomJS is a natural choice. However, they currently have a &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/phantomjs/q8Jix8qs_fY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;major issue&lt;/a&gt; with the recent Selenium Server and no maintainers for the Ghostdriver, not to mention that PhantomJS itself is undergoing pretty significant changes for v2.0. So PhantomJS will not be a viable option for at least a few months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any solid alternative to this? I've heard of HtmlUnit(Driver) but that seems like a pretty old project with its own issues. Other ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10921" LastActivityDate="2015-01-31T17:44:25.197" Title="Alternative to Selenium + PhantomJS" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11974" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11978" CreationDate="2015-01-29T04:42:39.823" Score="2" ViewCount="1192" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am experienced tester. Mostly I estimate any project testing time based on requirements. But now I have an interesting question that for ex: I have checked requirement and if the developer is saying that they will need 30 days to complete development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so at this stage how should I estimate testing time? based on given requirements or based on estimated development time? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking that if developer need 30 days to develop then as a tester I need at least 1/4 time means 7-8 days to complete testing, Is this right way to estimate testing time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:21:23.283" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T06:42:28.013" Title="How to estimate testing time for project when development estimated time fixed" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11975" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-29T04:49:28.773" Score="1" ViewCount="1064" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, if the URL is - &lt;a href=&quot;http://blah.com?origin=home&amp;amp;id=54&amp;amp;level=2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blah.com?origin=home&amp;amp;id=54&amp;amp;level=2&lt;/a&gt;. This could be a dynamically generated link on a webpage with 'id' and 'level' values from the DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if I want to use this exact URL in my load() or for the assertion in isLoaded() methods of pageobject which extends loadablecomponent, I would need to capture this URL from my page and then pass it to my pageobject. Or worse manually generate this by parsing the URL and getting the query parameters, which is a pain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better design or logic to do this easily? Or just remove the driver.get(dynamic URL) from load() and use some other assertions in isLoaded()?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10922" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:19:40.130" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:19:40.130" Title="WebDriver - Using loadablecomponent design for URLs with query parameters" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11973" CreationDate="2015-01-29T07:12:28.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although not a 100% similar alternative, but you could look into running real browsers headless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some articles to get you started:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chrisle.me/2013/08/running-headless-selenium-with-chrome/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.chrisle.me/2013/08/running-headless-selenium-with-chrome/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.installationpage.com/selenium/how-to-run-selenium-headless-firefox-in-ubuntu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.installationpage.com/selenium/how-to-run-selenium-headless-firefox-in-ubuntu/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T07:12:28.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11974" CreationDate="2015-01-29T07:22:29.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This depends on many factors. How accurate and reliable are developer estimates? For throughout the testing needs to be? How efficient you are in testing compared to the developer? How you count the time needed for bug fixing and re-testing (and re-fixing and re-re-testing); is it development or testing time? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An old rule of thumb is to take original development estimate and multiply it by π and use that as the total time used for the feature. ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:22:27.303" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:22:27.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="11980" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-29T09:46:58.353" Score="1" ViewCount="4296" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried implementing the swipe method for android devices, but this method is not working in Appium 1.3.4.&#xA;Below is the code I have written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void swipe() {&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;    HashMap &amp;lt; String, Double &amp;gt; swipeObject = new HashMap &amp;lt; String, Double &amp;gt; ();&#xA;    swipeObject.put(&quot;startX&quot;, 0.95);&#xA;    swipeObject.put(&quot;startY&quot;, 0.5);&#xA;    swipeObject.put(&quot;endX&quot;, 0.05);&#xA;    swipeObject.put(&quot;endY&quot;, 0.5);&#xA;    swipeObject.put(&quot;duration&quot;, 1.0);&#xA;    js.executeScript(&quot;emulator: swipe&quot;, swipeObject);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And call the swipe() in required place in that same class.&#xA;It throws error message like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Not yet implemented. Please&#xA;  help us: &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/get-involved.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://appium.io/get-involved.html&lt;/a&gt; (WARNING: The server did&#xA;  not provide any stacktrace information) Command duration or timeout: 7&#xA;  milliseconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please anyone help me on this issue. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10927" LastEditorUserId="15347" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T11:25:10.183" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T11:25:10.183" Title="Is Swipe method supported in Android Appium version 1.3.4?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12140" CreationDate="2015-01-29T10:00:09.347" Score="1" ViewCount="922" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing soap messages using RobotFramework and sudslibrary. I need to authenticate session with a certificate. Is there a way to do this? I did not find a mentioning of this in the documentation or trough googling, but I guess somebody else has had to run in to same problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T13:31:44.330" Title="How to authenticate with certificates using sudslibrary in robotframework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11982" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-29T11:16:53.980" Score="1" ViewCount="652" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just installed Testlink1.9.12 on Windows with XAMPP.&#xA;I have no warning during the check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I log in with my admin account I access to the testlink interface but it is empty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like mainpage does not load php page for each modules (User management/Requirements/Specifications/Execution...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone give me help to solve this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10928" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-01-29T13:03:58.657" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T09:28:25.293" Title="Testlink 1.9.12 - first install : interface is empty without warning" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11950" CreationDate="2015-01-29T11:21:19.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for a free performance testing solution capable of simulating 10 000 users the options are in: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tsung is known for better support of multithreading so you'll need to have less machines to produce the load, however it is Linux-only and doesn't have a GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; guide will help you to choose the right option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N.B. 10 000 virtual users don't necessarily stand for 10 000 testing threads. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let.s imagine that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each user needs to &quot;think&quot; 15 seconds before each action&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average response time of your system is 5 seconds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means that each user will be able to execute 60 / (15 + 5) = 3 requests per minute. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case 10 000 users will execute 30 000 requests per minute, 30 000 / 60 = 500 requests per second. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can simulate 10 000 users using only &lt;strong&gt;500 concurrent threads&lt;/strong&gt;, even a single machine can produce such a load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T11:21:19.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5131" CreationDate="2015-01-29T12:34:06.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;System Testing is performed on completed software or application. Integration Testing happens in 2 places - Before System Testing and After System Testing. Integration Testing can be split as Integration and Testing which means you are integrating the unit or components and testing the handshakes between these modules. Once the integration testing is done for all the modules, you perform the System testing as we now have the completed system. After System Testing and before User Acceptance Testing, we do the System Integration Testing. This term can be split into two - System Integration and Testing. Now imagine, your system has to integrate with another system to provide a solution to the end user. Now, you need to make sure your System is compatible and is able to exchange information with the other system. To ensure this, we perform system integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: You buy a COTS (Commercial Off the Shelf) product from the market. You will perform SIT to make sure, it talks to your existing system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this clarifies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10929" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T12:34:06.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11850" CreationDate="2015-01-29T14:13:00.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like the answer can be found here:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://eyeontesting.com/questions/7855/how-do-i-import-the-hp-sprinter-xml-file-into-hp-u.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://eyeontesting.com/questions/7855/how-do-i-import-the-hp-sprinter-xml-file-into-hp-u.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10931" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T14:13:00.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11974" CreationDate="2015-01-29T16:14:49.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an initial guesstimate I would equal the developers estimation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously you should adjust it to your circumstances, for example do you need to develop automation ? if yes do you have an infrastructure you are familiar with ? is this a new project ? how complex is it compared to previous project you tested ? are there special risk regarding quality like inexperienced developers, unclear requirements, immature technology or lack of test equipment. and so on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T16:14:49.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11989" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12001" CreationDate="2015-01-29T17:26:48.127" Score="2" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can i get details about wt process or steps should be taken for web automation testing, i am currently using selenium IDE &amp;amp; eclipse.from testing, i am focusing in open sources tools for web testing,please provide me what basic steps or points should be consider during web automation testing,the project i am working follows agile process of development,thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastActivityDate="2020-07-03T12:23:04.623" Title="Process for Web Automation Testing" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11990" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-01-29T17:47:45.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Static analysis is the process of detecting errors and defects in software's source code. Although manual code review is technically static analysis, the term is most commonly used to refer to an automated code review process. Static code analysis (aka static analysis security testing or SAST) inputs source texts of programs and give recommendations to the programmer on what code fragments he/she should consider. Although an automated tool can not completely replace manual review, SAST is seen as by many organizations to be a cost effective supplement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/tags/static-analysis/info&quot;&gt;https://security.stackexchange.com/tags/static-analysis/info&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tasks solved by static code analysis software can be divided into 3 categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detecting errors in programs.&#xA;Recommendations on code formatting. Some static analyzers check if the source code corresponds to code formatting standards of practice such as the number of indents in various constructs, use of spaces/tabs, etc.&#xA;Metrics computation. Static code analyzers can generate numerical values for properties of software or its specifications.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/49716/what-is-static-code-analysis&quot;&gt;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/49716/what-is-static-code-analysis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SAST tools can employ model checking, data-flow analysis, abstract interpretation, and heuristic analysis. See Brian Chess, Jacob West (Fortify Software) (2007). Secure Programming with Static Analysis. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0-321-42477-8, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Software Assurance Metrics and Tool Evaluation (SAMATE) Project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7673" LastEditorUserId="7673" LastEditDate="2015-01-30T14:18:45.670" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T14:18:45.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11991" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-01-29T17:47:45.700" Score="0" Body="Static analysis is the process of detecting errors and defects in software's source code. Although manual code review is technically static analysis, the term is most commonly used to refer to an automated code review process. " OwnerUserId="7673" LastEditorUserId="7673" LastEditDate="2015-02-01T17:49:25.740" LastActivityDate="2015-02-01T17:49:25.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11975" CreationDate="2015-01-29T18:19:10.597" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your only choices are either clicking the link or creating a variable to hold a parsed url and then passing that variable to &lt;code&gt;driver.get()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what language you're using but it's super easy to do in Python with the urlparse library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9235" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T18:19:10.597" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11973" CreationDate="2015-01-29T20:56:22.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might take a look at doing headless testing with Ruby, RSpec, Capybara, Poltergeist and PhantomJS. I find this combination works very well for my purposes--it uses Webkit. It may sound like it would be rough to configure all that, but actually it's not too bad. I have a Dockerfile that presents a rough example &lt;a href=&quot;https://registry.hub.docker.com/u/unigeek/petulant-octo-hipster/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;--I'm still new to Docker, so would appreciate feedback if you play with that, as I'd like to make it easy for people to try this stack. If you aren't interested in Docker, the Dockerfile is likely to be clear enough to illustrate how to install all the parts yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not PHP, but between RSpec and Capybara you have a nice little DSL for web testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10934" LastActivityDate="2015-01-29T20:56:22.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11989" CreationDate="2015-01-30T03:37:51.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to me for functionality automation testing Selenium web driver is best tool. It require basic knowledge of Java programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium also supports other programming languages like ruby , python and some others. So if you have command over any one from selenium supported languages then would be easy to pick up for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some helpful links for selenium is given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T03:37:51.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="11998" CreationDate="2015-01-30T12:08:25.160" Score="1" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to check mail server written with Erlang and CommuniGate Pro with black box method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already checked work of POP3/IMAP/SMTP protocol via telnet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also work of mail server via STARTTLS, SSL/TLS with the list of popular mail clients (Thunderbird, The Bat, MS Outlook and several others).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't check the web version because it doesn't done yet. There is only server interactions with clients. What also should I check here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10940" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T11:20:57.767" Title="Manual testing of mail server" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11989" CreationDate="2015-01-30T12:16:24.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In automation testing open source tools are available.&#xA;The best Tool for automation is &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;Appium is a automation tool for web and native apps i.e android and Ios platforms also supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below link is for appium,how to use appium and its documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/documentation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://appium.io/documentation.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10927" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T12:16:24.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11996" CreationDate="2015-01-30T14:12:46.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;are you familiar with &lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/posters/TheTestEye_SourcesForTestIdeas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;37 Sources for Test Ideas&#xA;&lt;/a&gt; ?&#xA;being careful not to step on anybody's copyrights here are some examples-&#xA;- look for similar products, technologies or use cases either in your company or the general industry&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;look for standards, de facto industry standards or just conventions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;think about the clients and how would they use the product, if you have real usage information it's even better&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;previous version of this or similar products&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;and plain common sense&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T11:20:57.767" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T11:20:57.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="11999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-30T14:41:43.327" Score="7" ViewCount="3733" Body="&lt;p&gt;HELP! Any developers whom have ever created a service that interacts with people via SMS, how did you test you application for integrity under heavy load?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im in the middle of helping the company I work create an appointment reminder system that interacts via SMS among other contact types. This system will be using a 3rd party SMS gateway (SMS API), and will quite possibly send thousands of texts a day (or more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Issue is there are only 9 people in the company, and we cant gather that many phone numbers. Any ideas on how to test the ability to text several hundred people at once or several thousand a day? How do you load-test your application if you don't have thousands of phones with different numbers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10942" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T09:00:28.023" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:00:28.023" Title="Load-Testing an SMS application" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11999" CreationDate="2015-01-30T23:58:14.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use http rest mocking software, and just count the request your app performed.&#xA;Sometimes i use this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/rest-testing-mocking/rest-service-mocking.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your app is over smpp you are in really difficult situaction and you have to setup Kannel for that kind of tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10937" LastActivityDate="2015-01-30T23:58:14.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11989" CreationDate="2015-01-31T05:30:21.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Appium and selenium do well for functionality testing,  for load testing jmeter works pretty well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing works a lot like any structured testing.   Follow test cases,  determine if pass or fail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many cases unit testing is important as it can prevent bugs early in development . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10847" LastActivityDate="2015-01-31T05:30:21.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-01-31T13:41:54.217" Score="2" ViewCount="1427" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new in Phpunit and selenium2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need help to get all the values of drop-down in a list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;month&quot; class=&quot;_5dba&quot; title=&quot;Month&quot; name=&quot;birthday_month&quot; aria-label=&quot;Month&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option selected=&quot;1&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;Month&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;Jan&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;Feb&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;Mar&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;4&quot;&amp;gt;Apr&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;May&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;6&quot;&amp;gt;Jun&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;7&quot;&amp;gt;Jul&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;8&quot;&amp;gt;Aug&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;9&quot;&amp;gt;Sep&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;10&quot;&amp;gt;Oct&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;11&quot;&amp;gt;Nov&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;12&quot;&amp;gt;Dec&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so, values that should be in the list are : jan, feb, .....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10948" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-02-02T03:47:34.983" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T03:10:22.310" Title="Need help to get drop down in a list (phpunit+selenium2)" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11973" CreationDate="2015-01-31T17:44:25.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Docker Selenium&lt;/a&gt; is an official Docker image that starts a headless selenium grid on your local machine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Grid Hub&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --name selenium-hub selenium/hub:2.44.0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome and Firefox Nodes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ docker run -d --link selenium-hub:hub selenium/node-chrome:2.44.0&#xA;$ docker run -d --link selenium-hub:hub selenium/node-firefox:2.44.0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This exposes selenium on &lt;code&gt;localhost:4444&lt;/code&gt;, which runs tests headlessly against firefox and chrome. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6561" LastActivityDate="2015-01-31T17:44:25.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11604" CreationDate="2015-02-01T10:23:34.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two problems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Looks like your search option is wrong. So better to use xpath for that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can just sendkeys to dropdown like in example below&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;client.findElement({ xpath: '//*[@id=&quot;form-tab-1&quot;]/div/div[1]/select' }).sendKeys(Mr.);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10937" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-03T11:46:35.247" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T11:46:35.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-01T14:28:07.700" Score="0" ViewCount="500" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for real-life working examples of documentation of a software development project (including testing). According to some standard, there are a couple of documents involved in software development (not-exhaustive list, might be different from case to case): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;projectplan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;requirements-specification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;systemspecification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;detailspecification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and especially for testing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test concept&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test design specification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test case specification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test procedure specification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In total there are about 10 different documents involved, for which I can look up templates or a description for each of them, but not really telling me why those are used and what they exactly contain. To me it seems most of the documents are kind of useless and describe the same thing over and over again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore I am looking for a set of (about 10) example documents which do not contain a template or something, but a &lt;em&gt;real&lt;/em&gt; documentation of a trivial small software project (e.g. some simple calculation). I want to see that is written in the &lt;code&gt;requirements documentation&lt;/code&gt;, in the &lt;code&gt;detail specification&lt;/code&gt;, in the &lt;code&gt;test concept&lt;/code&gt;, in the &lt;code&gt;test design document&lt;/code&gt;, in the &lt;code&gt;test case document&lt;/code&gt;, in the &lt;code&gt;test detail design execution blah blah documentation&lt;/code&gt; for this given mini project. I hope you get the point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will accept a reply as answer, when all of the following conditions are met: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It contains a link to a page on which I can find most of the above mentioned documents (or as archive).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All documents refer to the same project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every document contains real content, and is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; a template or something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each document is easy to understand&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5910" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T18:03:10.670" Title="Where can I find examples of software development and testing documentation?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-09-03T18:52:32.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12008" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-02T06:44:15.010" Score="2" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;What kind of security issue or point should be consider during automation testing,&#xA;which are the most prominent area of an website should be considered for security point of view, also comment in terms of concurrency,Data and database security.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T06:32:11.950" Title="Security issues in websites-Automation Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12010" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-02T09:50:20.273" Score="1" ViewCount="12073" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created login scripts using hub and nodes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;execute command to start selenium server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Started a Hub along with selenium server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Started multiple Nodes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Worked on scripts and run for Firefox.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, what should I do to run login script for concurrent users using multiple browser ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6798" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-02-02T12:54:58.397" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T09:32:54.477" Title="how to run concurrent users using different browsers in selenium for LogIn script" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12008" CreationDate="2015-02-02T11:58:30.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is going to be the same issues or points that you would have considered before planning your manual testing. Whatever in your AUT needs more security (you need to be specific what security means for the website) it does not matter if its manual or automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why are you considering database security? What are you trying to secure the database against?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10922" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T11:58:30.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12012" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-02T17:38:47.410" Score="3" ViewCount="182" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working on getting Microsoft Test Manager up and running with the recommended tests feature. I have created an environment that is returning recommended tests. Currently this environment only has the client machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not set up a test agent on the application server where all the services are running. Is this required for MTM to fully recognise all code changes? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst I am currently getting results from just having the client side set up with a test agent. I want to be sure I'm getting the full benefits of the feature, even if there are only server side changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10961" LastEditorUserId="9330" LastEditDate="2015-02-05T08:19:19.333" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T18:00:50.927" Title="Does Microsoft Test Managers recommended tests require test agents on the servers that an applications services run on" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12007" CreationDate="2015-02-02T22:33:02.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your requirements seems to describe document-heavy proprietary process. Unlikely examples of such process would be posted in the open: usually you pay consultants nice hourly rate to teach you/explain you how their process works. Only salesmen (before you fork the money) are free. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call me a pessimist but I know that snake oil is much easier to sell if company doesn't disclose its ingredients. And CIO would ask salesman very different questions before signing the check than Test Lead would ask, so process if secret ingredient which guarantee success might be easier to sell (and CIO would be more invested to praise how well it works rather than admit his own incompetence by buying something which does not work).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open-source projects would have much lighter process (definition of agile: communication over the documentation). A big projects may use half of the documents you mentioned. Smaller, more focused and more agile project will use just few.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may have more luck with open-source ERP systems, google for examples in your favorite programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking forward someone prove me wrong, but my gut feeling is: unlikely, and if, it will come from open-source ERP arena. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-02-02T22:33:02.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12008" CreationDate="2015-02-03T06:32:11.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Security concerns with website is not related to manual or automation testing.&#xA;Testing a software manually or using another software/script(automation) is your choice of approach to your task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security concerns should be defined at the time of analysis or defining requirements. Depending on what your stakeholders want with an addition of your sapience you choose the approach of testing and at its end produce valuable information about the software under test(test report) which the stakeholders can use to come to a decision of whether the software has achieved their desired quality criteria and is ready to go live or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T06:32:11.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12015" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-03T06:36:37.083" Score="3" ViewCount="4415" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on automation of mobile native app using Appium in Java language. I want to click on device Menu button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA; js.executeScript(&quot;mobile: keyevent&quot;, 82);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tried but not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method 2:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HashMap swipeObject = new HashMap();&#xA;swipeObject.put(&quot;keycode&quot;, 82);&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor ) driver).executeScript(&quot;mobile: keyevent&quot;, swipeObject);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.execute_script(&quot;mobile: keyevent&quot;, {&quot;keycode&quot;: 82})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is not working,can any one help me on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10927" LastEditorUserId="10927" LastEditDate="2015-02-03T07:05:21.623" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T09:38:03.083" Title="Not able to click on deivce Menu button using appium in android" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12016" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-03T07:46:56.683" Score="7" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a situation in my application where I need to wait and note the provisioning time of a Virtual Machine (The time taken when the order got accepted and the time it is available for usage).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I note the provisioning time? In my orders page I have an 'In-Progress' state of the order when it is accepted and the 'Completed' state when the Virtual machine is available. Moreover, I have a resources tab as well where I can check the state change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Web Performance Load testing. If anyone having a solution to this please guide me. I am using both techniques in Web Performance Load testing, Real browser and Virtual Browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Web Performance Load Testing tool - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webperformance.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.webperformance.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-05-08T10:19:48.523" LastActivityDate="2021-02-02T16:01:35.200" Title="Capture Provisioning time in Performance testing" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12016" CreationDate="2015-02-03T09:13:18.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you are using Visual Studio's Web Performance and Load Testing facilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enclose the relevant requests in a &quot;transaction&quot;. To do this, open the context (right-click) menu of the first request of those to be timed. Select &quot;Insert transaction...&quot; and fill in the form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T09:13:18.067" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12018" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-03T09:18:44.923" Score="6" ViewCount="4116" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should Testers/QA do Root-Cause analysis of every Defect/Bug they report to Developers? Well, I perform black-box testing on AUT. Sometimes I try to drill-down the issue when I find bugs. Should testers find the reason for bugs by analyzing the source code? Or should testers report Defects/Bugs/Problem immediately without any analysis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It takes lot of time and effort to do it. I mean, is it effective and productive for testers to find real cause of all bugs or leave it to development team to fix them and when it's fixed...then understand it properly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10964" LastEditorUserId="6985" LastEditDate="2015-02-03T16:43:32.413" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T02:56:02.303" Title="Should Black-box software testers do Root-Cause analysis of every defect they report?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12018" CreationDate="2015-02-03T09:44:22.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nobody can really answer it since it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depends on your qualifications, your and your team work load, the dev team work load, the complexity of the issue etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work now in a combined engineering type team and I still can't give a definite answer to your question, your best bet is to discuss this with your colleagues and managers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T09:44:22.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12021" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-03T10:23:54.107" Score="9" ViewCount="5592" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently work as a QA engineer and work a lot with Java, Selenium and test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, unit tests are something the developers have been doing and something that I fear. Is it difficult? Do you test engineers here at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/tour&quot;&gt;SQA&lt;/a&gt; work with unit-tests/white-box testing? Is it hard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second question is: Am I good with just working with black-box testing? I'm a little worried about my future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T08:27:13.493" Title="Is writing unit tests difficult for me as a QA engineer?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12018" CreationDate="2015-02-03T10:31:19.870" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not necessary for QA to do root-cause analysis for every defect they found. It's up to circumstances. And for the level of drill-down, I did not drill to the level of source-code when I tested a Unix binary application. But I did html/css root-cause analysis when I tested a website. As a view of user I represent, I access only the information that a user can access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's good for a QA to do root-cause analysis - I back it. More information provided helps developer to fix it faster. Tester has more understanding about the system under test. Tester could find the critical area that never tested or discover additional test scope during analysis. And tester who do analysis might have the solution for that defect!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in another point of view, yes, it takes a lot of time and might affect the overall test project. Tester might take time to find nothing helpful or someone in the team knows the root-cause already. So it's important to encourage tester to keep the balance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I take care of a testing project, I will encourage tester/QA to consider the following circumstances:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect Description&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Coverage &amp;amp; Test Progress against Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect Priority &amp;amp; Defect Severity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team Availability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect Description&lt;/strong&gt; First of all, when tester found a defect, then should take time to have enough information; environment, replication&#xA;steps to allow them to recreate the defect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Coverage &amp;amp; Test Progress against Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt; If the high priority test cases have been tested and the progress is good against test plan, tester could do further analysis for a defect. But if there are high priority or critical test cases outstanding, tester should take time to continue test that area more than root-cause analysis a defect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect Priority &amp;amp; Defect Severity&lt;/strong&gt; If a defect have high severity such as system crash with simple steps or high priority defect such as it affects more of the user. tester should take time to analysis to make it fix as soon as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Team Availability&lt;/strong&gt; If developer is busy with another issue and tester is available, it's good to take this time to investigate the issue before submit all information you get to the developer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last important I will mention here is communication. When you work in a team, before you take ( or will take ) a lot of time on any issue - communicate to team to see if they have any concern. You will have a good balance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps, :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T10:31:19.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12018" CreationDate="2015-02-03T12:10:31.637" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My usual method works like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find something that doesn't seem right: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's really obvious (a typo in a high-profile part of a site, an error message that gives the line of code that's failed), I'll check with a developer to see if they're working on that code right now (this is often the case in agile or other rapid development methodologies) or have a fix checked in that will be available in the next build. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there isn't anyone working on the obvious problem, I create a quick defect report and it goes into the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the problem isn't so obvious, I'll do some research to see if I can reproduce the problem, if this is a long-standing issue or not, if someone else has reported this or not, and so forth. &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there's a pre-existing defect report, I'll add my information to it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I need to create a new report, I'll do so, with reproduction steps and my best guess as to the approximate area of code that's likely the source of the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the developers have problems reproducing, I'll do more investigation, and at this point may end up digging into the code (I mostly work with a web application driven by classic ASP and using a lot of stored procedures) to find the region of code that's likely the problem. I'll use tools like the browser developer tools to find problematic JavaScript or hidden server errors, and SQL profiling to get a list of queries to step through manually and trace the most complex stored procedures. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've got a fair amount of coding experience and started out as a developer - which means while I'm not in practice enough for application coding, I'm capable of tracing through code and working out where problems lie. Not every tester can - or is willing to - do this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice is to do what works for you and your team. Testing is something that has no one &quot;right&quot; answer, and no simple solution. If it works well enough for the team and the customers, it's good enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T12:10:31.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12021" CreationDate="2015-02-03T12:10:32.950" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Writing unit tests is not difficult - as the saying goes, &lt;strong&gt;it is matter of simple programming&lt;/strong&gt; :-) So if you are competent programmer, and are willing to learn necessary skills and patterns, you can do it as QA engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But IMHO (and best practices say that) &lt;strong&gt;developers are much better suited to write unit test&lt;/strong&gt; - because unit tests use internal calls to application objects and methods - &lt;strong&gt;exactly the same calls developers already know how to use for application to work.&lt;/strong&gt; So developers already should know how application works and what is expected correct result (change of internal status, which might or might not have equivalent in UI) of any internal method/procedure call, and can write unit-test for it without too much additional effort. If QA writes unit tests, s/he needs to learn all that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, writing code which is easy to unit-test is good practice - developers should be doing it, because it forces them to write better code (code which is easier to test is also easier to understand and maintain). Ideally, &lt;strong&gt;in test-driven development, unit-test are written before code.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One reason why unit-test are good practice is that &lt;strong&gt;unit tests detect error closer to source where it occurred&lt;/strong&gt; - unlike system-level test, which often detect error after it significantly confused system, and it may take complicated detective work to find core cause of a detected problem (which code unit is causing it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can learn these internal APIs and write unit test too, but &lt;strong&gt;with selenium, you test application from the &quot;outside&quot;:&lt;/strong&gt; which user actions will have which visible results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You are right to be afraid to get pigeon-holed in single role.&lt;/strong&gt; Learn as much as you can from adjacent areas - but decide what are your core skills, and put focus on those. I read somewhere that &lt;strong&gt;skills needs to be T-shaped: covering wide area even if shallow (not very deep), and deep in part of that area&lt;/strong&gt; (your core expertise).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nobody can give you guaranteed answer to your second question, only yourself can. Consider for current skills, your interests, company needs, paths to advance your career in your current company and other companies in your area, overall market, and possibly other markets it you want or are willing to relocate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to become developer, and your company is willing to get you training or even pay for it, &lt;strong&gt;writing unit tests for existing code might be a good way to transfer from QA to development&lt;/strong&gt;. It will force you to learn how internal methods in core of your system work, and &lt;strong&gt;writing test is safe way to learn system because your code cannot break existing functionality.&lt;/strong&gt; Bug in your test will be false positive (which is easy to detect and fix), or worse, &lt;strong&gt;false negative - test not failing when it should.&lt;/strong&gt; But bug in test has no effect on user-facing functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if your company thinks that QA testers should write unit tests (and you cannot argue otherwise, even if best practices say it is better done by developers), maybe you need to look for an opportunity to work for a saner company (where you can improve your core QA skills more effectively).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;strong&gt;if developers in your company do not write and use unit-tests, they likely ignore other best practices,&lt;/strong&gt; and you will improve your skills faster in different company (so you may consider looking for opportunity to work for a smarter company). Or you may try to explain your developers why &lt;strong&gt;unit-tests are good for developers too&lt;/strong&gt; and THEY should write them (because it will help THEM to write better code, which is safer to refactor and improve). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-02-04T15:19:37.407" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T15:19:37.407" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12021" CreationDate="2015-02-03T12:13:10.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mostly we have heard and read that whitebox testing can be done by &lt;strong&gt;Developer&lt;/strong&gt; not &lt;strong&gt;Tester&lt;/strong&gt;. It is because developer have more and depth coding knowledge. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But If you are having really good experience with coding and specific knowledge of programming language in which site/software build , then you can do whitebox testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also about your second question it is depends on market. It is not necessary that tester must have expertise in whitebox testing. If you are excellent in blackbox testing with automation tool then its really fine for career enhancement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T12:13:10.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12021" CreationDate="2015-02-03T12:49:50.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it difficult?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This greatly depends on your development skills, but as unit-tests are often derived from from a TDD cycle I would think creating tests after the work is done is very hard. Its better to first write the tests first and then the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you start reading the book &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.manning.com/koskela/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Test Driven&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (it uses Java), this will make you understand how the TDD cycle works and gives practical examples. Also it contains a chapter about &quot;Working with legacy code&quot; also known as code that was not written in a TDD cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm a little worried about my future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is always place for automated end-2-end and or automated UI tests, but if you look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/the-forgotten-layer-of-the-test-automation-pyramid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the test pyramid&lt;/a&gt; its the smallest part of where you want to generate test coverage on the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I strongly believe the future of software testing is automated testing. As more and more teams switch from manual to automated testing I think on what ever level you build tests there will be work, until we can automate the creation of test-cases :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that implementing these tests might shift more into the role of the developers, but there certainly will be room for designing the tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-03T16:16:41.330" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T16:16:41.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12018" CreationDate="2015-02-03T13:04:31.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I won't take anything away from what has already been stated, but I noticed that your question implies that your company may still be in the &quot;start up&quot; phase. If your Marketing and Executive offices intend to go &quot;IPO&quot; (&quot;Initial Public Offering&quot; meaning: you'll be listed on the stock market), then you may have some work to do. Before that happens, you must have a well defined Policy, Process and Procedure(s) in place. (Policy is the company's mission statement. Like; &quot;We combine Hard and Soft engineering to produce intelligent widgets&quot;. Process is the interface between different departments or work groups. A procedure defines a single work element. Like: &quot;root cause analysis&quot;.) Before you go IPO you will have to have all three PPP's in place and DOCUMENTED. This is so that you can get ISO 9000 certified. (Desirable for Marketing.) Basically this means that you do what you say and you say (in the documentation) what you do. An ISO 9000 auditor will look for deviations between what the documents say you do and through observing what you REALLY do. If there is a difference, you will register a deviation and will have to reschedule with ISO to come back after you have fixed the deviation(s). This &quot;could&quot; upset the higher-ups if they are on a tight timeline to go public.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long story short, if you have a Quality Manager in your company you need to ask her for any process definitions that apply to the interface between your workgroup and design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10966" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T13:04:31.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12029" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12030" CreationDate="2015-02-03T14:09:27.507" Score="26" ViewCount="150023" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a canonical question, intended to provide a comprehensive answer to many related questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the basics of working with Selenium Webdriver; I can navigate to pages, click buttons, and type into text boxes. But now I want to do things with dropdown boxes (also known as &quot;Select&quot; boxes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I perform common tasks like iterating over the options in the dropdown or selecting options from the dropdown?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T11:23:10.193" LastActivityDate="2018-03-20T23:38:24.630" Title="How do I work with dropdowns in Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="24" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12029" CreationDate="2015-02-03T14:09:27.507" Score="36" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Using the Select Utility Class&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The big secret to working with dropdowns is that you don't want to work with them as WebElements, but instead create a Select element for them. The Select class (&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/Select.html&quot;&gt;java&lt;/a&gt;  and &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/py/webdriver_support/selenium.webdriver.support.select.html&quot;&gt;python&lt;/a&gt; documentation) includes utility methods that allow you to perform common tasks. We will be working with the following html:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;mySelectID&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;Value&quot;&amp;gt;Option&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;NotValue&quot;&amp;gt;Not Option&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Select by option name&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;)); &#xA;Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);&#xA;selMySelect.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Option&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;))&#xA;mySelect.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Option&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;));&#xA;var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);&#xA;selectElement.SelectByText(&quot;Option&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Select by option value&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;)); &#xA;Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);&#xA;selMySelect.selectByValue(&quot;Value&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;))&#xA;mySelect.select_by_value(&quot;Value&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;));&#xA;var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);&#xA;selectElement.SelectByValue(&quot;Value&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Select by index&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;)); &#xA;Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);&#xA;selMySelect.selectByIndex(0);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;))&#xA;mySelect.select_by_index(0)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;));&#xA;var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);&#xA;selectElement.SelectByIndex(0);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Get the selected option&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;)); &#xA;Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);&#xA;WebElement option = mySelect.getFirstSelectedOption();&#xA;System.out.println(option.getText()); //prints &quot;Option&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;))&#xA;option = mySelect.first_selected_option&#xA;print option.text  #prints &quot;Option&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;));&#xA;var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);&#xA;var option = mySelect.SelectedOption;&#xA;Console.write(option.Text); //prints &quot;Option&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Get the list of options&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;)); &#xA;Select mySelect= new Select(mySelectElm);&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = mySelect.getOptions();&#xA;for (WebElement option : options) {&#xA;    System.out.println(option.getText()); //Prints &quot;Option&quot;, followed by &quot;Not Option&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;))&#xA;print [o.text for o in mySelect.options] #Prints &quot;Option&quot;, followed by &quot;Not Option&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var mySelectElm = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;));&#xA;var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);&#xA;var options = mySelect.SelectedOptions;&#xA;foreach(var option in options) {&#xA;    Console.write(option.Text); //Prints &quot;Option&quot;, followed by &quot;Not Option&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2015-05-26T18:10:44.033" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T18:10:44.033" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12029" CreationDate="2015-02-03T14:36:57.520" Score="8" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Without the Select class&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything I listed in my other answer can, of course, be done with judicious use of selectors. Since the Select class doesn't exist in Ruby (to the best of my knowledge), this is the only way to work with Select options in Ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, the HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;mySelectID&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;Value&quot;&amp;gt;Option&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;NotValue&quot;&amp;gt;Not Option&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Select by option name&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java, method 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example, we find the option via a complex xpath, then click on it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement myoption = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&#xA;    &quot;//Select[@id='mySelectID']/option[normalize-space(text())='Option']&quot;)&#xA;);&#xA; myOption.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java, method 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example, we find all the options, iterate over them, and click the one we want. This is useful if you have a more complex criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement mySelectElm = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mySelectID&quot;)); &#xA;Select mySelect= new Select(mySelect);&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = mySelect.getOptions();&#xA;for (WebElement option : options) {&#xA;    if (option.getText().equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;Option&quot;) {&#xA;        option.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruby, method 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same method as the previous answer, different language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect=webdriver.find_element(:id,&quot;mySelectID&quot;)&#xA;options=mySelect.find_elements(:tag_name=&amp;gt;&quot;option&quot;)&#xA;options.each do |g|&#xA;  if g.text == &quot;Option&quot;&#xA;  g.click&#xA;  break&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruby, method 3:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we get fancy, using a closure to find the right option instead of a loop:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = webdriver.find_element(:id,&quot;mySelectID&quot;)&#xA;option = dropdown.find_elements(:tag_name,&quot;option&quot;).detect { |option| option.attribute('text').eql? &quot;Option&quot;}&#xA;option.click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Select by option value&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same basic idea, but we can use CSS to select an option by value instead of mucking about with xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement myoption = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#mySelectID option[value='Value']&quot;));&#xA;myOption.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruby&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = webdriver.find_element(:id,&quot;mySelectID&quot;)&#xA;option = mySelect.find_element(:css, &quot;option[value='Value']&quot;)&#xA;option.click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Select by index&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, easy to do with css selectors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement myoption = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#mySelectID option:nth-child(1)&quot;));&#xA;myOption.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruby&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = webdriver.find_element(:id,&quot;mySelectID&quot;)&#xA;option = mySelect.find_element(:css, &quot;option:nth-child(1)&quot;)&#xA;option.click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Get the selected option&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hooray for CSS selectors! For legacy reasons, the selector for &quot;selected&quot; is &quot;checked&quot;, like a checkbox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement myoption = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#mySelectID option:checked&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(myoption.getText()); //prints &quot;Option&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruby&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = webdriver.find_element(:id,&quot;mySelectID&quot;)&#xA;option = mySelect.find_element(:css, &quot;option:nth-child(1)&quot;)&#xA;print option.text&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Get the list of options&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;#mySelectID option&quot;));&#xA;for (WebElement option : options) {&#xA;    System.out.println(option.getText()); //Prints &quot;Option&quot;, followed by &quot;Not Option&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruby&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect=webdriver.find_element(:id,&quot;mySelectID&quot;)&#xA;options=mySelect.find_elements(:tag_name=&amp;gt;&quot;option&quot;)&#xA;options.each do |g|&#xA;  print g.text #Prints &quot;Option&quot;, followed by &quot;Not Option&quot;&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T14:36:57.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12021" CreationDate="2015-02-03T17:12:18.580" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A perspective from a developer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A unit test is best written in conjunction with the code it's testing. It will shape the code to some extent: the need to write a test forces the code to be easily testable, which limits some code smells/anti-patterns. For example, a method that directly calls the database to obtain a user name will be hard to unit test until it's rewritten to rely on a mockable interface to get the same information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing unit tests as a black box activity, after the code has already been written, and without development skills will be hard and very limited. You can only test what has a perfect API already - chances are that's not where the bugs are. It also eschew a major benefit of unit tests: encourage developers to write decent code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I consider that writing a good test is often harder than writing the code it's testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, I've seen QA thrown under the bus many time by people thinking that (A) automated tests are a good thing, (B) developers are too busy/lazy to write them and (C) hey, it's a test - so QA can take care of it. I've never seen it work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that's the bad news.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The good news is that if you're interested there is an easy solution/career path out of it: learn to code. Do not focus on testing - just try to understand the code you're testing, take a couple Java (or whatever language) tutorials or classes. You might even push whoever had the brilliant idea in the first place to pay for it. Focus on refactoring (check out '&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/a&gt;' by Feathers). Find a partner in development that can explain how things work, what she'd like tested and collaborate on writing the tests. You don't need design/architecture skills at this point - just how the code works, and how to refactor it to effectively write a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10973" LastEditorUserId="10973" LastEditDate="2015-02-03T18:16:44.290" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T18:16:44.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12021" CreationDate="2015-02-03T18:18:31.743" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;tl;dr No, testers don't write Unit Tests for code developed by developers, but some developers/testers write automated tests that are not Unit Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the definition of &quot;Unit Test&quot;. There is still a large number of people who call things that really aren't Unit Tests &quot;Unit Tests&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real Unit Tests test small units of code, &lt;em&gt;usually&lt;/em&gt; each test only tests a part of a single class, the class consisting of up to 200 lines of code. If a developer writes a new class by first writing Unit Tests - a practice known as TDD - they put a stronger focus on how the class will be used, since Unit Tests are simply the documentation of how a class can be used, and what behavior is expected. Unit Tests are about the ability to design and document code. There are several other benefits of Unit Tests, but this is the primary one by far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From that point of view, it doesn't matter too much if the tester is good at designing and documenting code (aka if the tester is good at writing Unit Tests), because that's by definition what the developers are hired to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Tests that are not Unit Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite a few people and companies have developed their own understanding of what Unit Tests are. Sometimes they start to call every test that's written in code a &quot;Unit Test&quot;, while in reality there are other kinds of automated tests such as Integration Tests, or Acceptance Tests - to my knowledge the naming and scope of these has not been as clearly defined as that of Unit Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These automated tests are a good thing. But erroneously calling them Unit Tests creates unnecessary confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But who should write these automated tests? Someone who knows how to code and how to test. These people need to be found or trained, and are often recruited from developers or testers. Sometimes the position is advertised as &quot;developer in test&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="8689" LastEditDate="2017-11-20T08:27:13.493" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T08:27:13.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7960" CreationDate="2015-02-03T19:01:22.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's take a look at your xpath selector: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[4]/ul/li[2]/a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This says that you want to find the fourth div on the page, under which there's a list. Then pick the second item in the list's first hyperlink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is incredibly brittle; if selecting a time slot adds another div to the page, say, one indicating that the slot isn't free, suddenly the xpath breaks. I suspect that your selection of one slot has changed the underlying HTML so that that selector no longer works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do any of the elements have IDs on them? Those will not change when other elements are added or removed. Barring that, can you put together a CSS selector that takes into account classes? Something like &quot;div.timeselect ul li:nth-child(2) a&quot; is already more robust, even though all I changed was the top element (instead of &quot;fourth div on the page&quot;, it's &quot;div with a class of 'timeselect'&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T19:01:22.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12035" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-03T23:03:58.903" Score="0" ViewCount="672" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing an ASP.NET web application with JMeter. &#xA;I'm correlating the dynamic variables, but I'm facing problems getting the value of the variable &quot;GUID&quot;. &#xA;First it cost me a lot to know where it is coming from, then I realized that the first time it is being requested by the GET method and by using a sniffer I found that it is coming in the GET request (the Querystring parameters), the second time too it is coming in the GET request, but it is there in the Response URL like shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &quot;request&quot;: {&#xA;          &quot;method&quot;: &quot;GET&quot;,&#xA;          &quot;url&quot;: &quot;http://srvdr.ajk.fye:27080/Art/WebP/Wep.aspx?Title=Procesar%20Instancia%20Actividad&amp;amp;CodigoProducto=1010102&amp;amp;CodigoProceso=CONST&amp;amp;CodigoActividad=1413&amp;amp;AK=12345&amp;amp;FechaInicio=03/02/2015%2004:01:56%20p.m.&amp;amp;mnu=999&amp;amp;Guid=64a42d6e6e2f45afb4905e82b5eddacf&amp;amp;SessionId=puucb42xfmgph2ggmhzrurlm044339&quot;,&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried to capture it using following methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- First a CSS/JQuery Extractor like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Reference Name:        varGuid&#xA;CSS/JQuery expression: #Guid&#xA;Attribute:             value&#xA;Match No (0 for Random): 0&#xA;Default value:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Didn't work...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Secondly I tried with a RegExp like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Reference Name:      varGuid&#xA;Regular Expression:  Guid=(.+?)&amp;amp;&#xA;Template:            $1$&#xA;Match No (0 for Random): 0&#xA;Default value:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is not capturing anything, I don't know what else to do...&#xA;Please someone help me !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10869" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T21:24:32.260" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T21:24:32.260" Title="JMeter issues while capturing the GUID that's coming in GET request URL" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10447" CreationDate="2015-02-03T23:16:34.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the TFS SDK to directly insert test results.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6505812/how-to-create-a-test-run-and-result-using-the-team-foundation-server-api&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6505812/how-to-create-a-test-run-and-result-using-the-team-foundation-server-api&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may or may not be a worthwhile use of your time to implement something like this.  TFS is pretty integrated with MSTest and the entire Microsoft infrastructure.  While you could use the TFS SDK, it would be much much simpler to use a different TCM that supported results from protractor out of the box.  Is there anything tying you to TFS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-02-03T23:16:34.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12018" CreationDate="2015-02-04T02:56:02.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To echo others, it depends and I'd say that it largely depends on the culture at your company.  It ultimately comes down to a trade-off between developer time and tester time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more time you spend digging into the root cause of an issue, the less time you'll spend looking for other issues.  However, you will save the developer some time because he/she will have more information to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point is that &lt;em&gt;someone&lt;/em&gt; will be spending time on the deeper analysis.  If you find the right balance that works for your team, that's all that really matters.  As a tester you could go a step further and actually fix the problem too. . . which is how you become a developer, which isn't a bad thing if that's your goal.  But someone still needs to do the testing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1780" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T02:56:02.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12039" CreationDate="2015-02-04T07:23:03.333" Score="2" ViewCount="2145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester and want to move further into depth of &lt;strong&gt;white box testing&lt;/strong&gt;. I do know and have the experience of black box testing but I am pretty much curious about &lt;strong&gt;white box testing&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can anyone tell be about what exactly white box tester does?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they develop code like developers? or review the codes developed by developers? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the tools they use? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is automation testing considered to be as white box testing? any difference between these?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is white box testing required?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10865" LastEditorDisplayName="user15611" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T17:29:59.407" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T21:03:54.787" Title="What is white box testing? what the testers exactly do while doing white box testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12038" CreationDate="2015-02-04T07:55:33.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically &lt;strong&gt;whitebox&lt;/strong&gt; is category of test design techniques. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mainly whitebox testing can be done at following level :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Component level&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Integration level&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - System level&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Whitebox testing&lt;/strong&gt; used to measure code coverage , statement coverage , branch coverage and decision coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Precondition to do &lt;strong&gt;whitebox testing&lt;/strong&gt; is tester must have depth knowledge of programming language , internal code of system/website and logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why do White Box Testing?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Verify all combination of logical conditions and ensure its value like true/false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Verify all independent paths within a module is exercised at least once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - All loops are optimum and does not doing extra looping and works under specified area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;White Box Testing helps to find bugs like&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Code syntax error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - logical errors in code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Dataflow errors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Conditional errors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We say &lt;strong&gt;White box testing= structure-based testing&lt;/strong&gt; and this is because it is testing about internal structure of software/web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whitebox tester mostly analyze and modify code and make it standardize. Also applies diff. algorithm to make code optimized. It test real logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly QA/Developer uses Junit , cucumber for whitebox testing automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More tools you can check here : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qatestingtools.com/whitebox-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Whitebox testing tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information and details knowledge , you can refer ISTQB syllabus. It has great info. regarding all testing concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-02-04T09:17:30.333" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T09:17:30.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11818" CreationDate="2015-02-04T10:44:13.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will completely depend on which technology you are using for e2e testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If e2e is based on windows product then i would suggest to go for Coded UI. &#xA;If it is web based then it would be great to go with selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is selection is completely based on requirement of automation too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6865" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T10:44:13.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-04T11:14:21.807" Score="1" ViewCount="1676" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/879mQ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mndyz.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium WebDriver. I am trying to work on a script to Add a Person in PeopleSoft HCM Application. Basically, On the Personal Data Main page, you first start by adding a Effective Date in to a Date Field and click on Add Name button that opens a Sub Page on the Main page. The Sub Page has First Name , Middle Name , Last Name etc fields. You enter this fields and click OK to go back to Main Page and carry on other data entries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I recorded through Selenium IDE, it clicks on the Add Name Button and the sub page opens and the IDE can enter text to the name fields. However when I am using the Web Driver Code, it is not able to push the data to the sub page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get hold of the sub page through the code. I tried the driver.switchTo().window command , and this is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any Help on this would be a great help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my code for the same ,I tried many permutations and combinations but was failed in the end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;DERIVED_NM_LVL2_UPDATE_NAME_BTN$0&quot;)).click();&#xA; // String wHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA; // driver.switchTo().window(wHandle);&#xA; // driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='ptModContent_6']/iframe&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;DERIVED_CORE_NM_NAME_PREFIX&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;Dr&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='DERIVED_CORE_NM_FIRST_NAME']']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='DERIVED_CORE_NM_FIRST_NAME']']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;vcxvx&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='DERIVED_CORE_NM_MIDDLE_NAME']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='DERIVED_CORE_NM_MIDDLE_NAME']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;vcxv&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='DERIVED_CORE_NM_LAST_NAME']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='DERIVED_CORE_NM_LAST_NAME']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;vcx&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;#ICSave&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10990" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-06T13:24:16.267" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T14:03:18.457" Title="Selenium WebDriver code for adding a person in PeopleSoft" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12041" CreationDate="2015-02-04T12:01:10.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can List down the error you are facing, it would be good help and we can guide you better. Moreover, its better not to use xpath locators. I am pretty sure every field would have an 'id' or 'name' and using that would be a better approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dialogue box that opens up when you hit the 'Add Name' button might have an iframe and you should first switch to the iframe and then you can push information into the fields. &#xA;Following is the code to switch to iframe. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&quot;iframe-name&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8766" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T12:01:10.420" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12038" CreationDate="2015-02-04T13:00:18.763" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends...&#xA;white box testing can vary from what helping hands mentioned above, to functional or non-functional testing done at the code level.&#xA;Usually (but not always) white box testing allows you better flexibility than  testing through external interfaces (UI or other) enabling more test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about the official definition but the way I see it white box testing is about coding, whereas reviewing has a different name. This coding is best done using the same programming language and environment as the the ones used by the product, but it can be developed in other environments too i.e. python code accessing C libraries API in a DLL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;generally speaking automation development is not considered as white box testing, unless you develop it for the purpose of white box testing (even this is not entirely accurate, since you can develop the infrastructure to enable white box testing without actually white testing something).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;there are the tools mentioned above, and I would start by looking at them first but you can easily write your own or abuse other tools, it all depends on your needs and the product you are testing on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is required ? a combination of the requirements for a good programmer and good tester, this is a big enough subject for two new questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T13:00:18.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11787" CreationDate="2015-02-04T16:38:37.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used osascript to open a new Terminal and run the script so it would not interfere with my cucumber test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;osascript -e 'tell application &quot;Terminal&quot; to do script &quot;sh path/to/activate_ui.sh&quot;'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10757" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T16:38:37.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12046" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-04T16:43:16.883" Score="0" ViewCount="736" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a script I need to run after all my cucumber test. What's the best way to do this? It seems like the After hook only applies to scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10757" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T17:37:41.597" Title="Running script at the end of cucumber test" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12046" CreationDate="2015-02-04T17:37:41.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the global hook &lt;code&gt;at_exit&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-ruby prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;at_exit do&#xA;  your script goes here&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in features\support\env.rb I typically have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-ruby prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;at_exit do&#xA;  browser.close&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9405" LastActivityDate="2015-02-04T17:37:41.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12048" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-04T22:19:39.787" Score="-1" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need help, I read about in selenium WebDriver wait forever until the website loads but how do I do this ?. I exported my java test but do not understand how to use that option to wait until the page loads or until all the buttons on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10995" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2015-02-05T08:39:03.223" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T11:34:40.920" Title="WEB DRIVER SELENIUM 2.0.8" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-02-18T10:23:06.613" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12049" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-05T01:16:45.230" Score="0" ViewCount="497" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you think that software testing is good for non-functional properties?&#xA;What are the non-functional properties that could be evaluated through software testing? Security, accessibility, usability, energy consumption...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10998" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T14:14:23.680" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T12:06:02.773" Title="Software testing and non-functional properties" Tags="&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-12-11T17:06:46.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12048" CreationDate="2015-02-05T03:55:46.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically you can use explicit wait to wait until your specific element of page get visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 2 types of wait :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Implicit wait&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Explicit wait&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples are given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implicit wait&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Syntax&lt;/strong&gt; : driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(time period, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit wait&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Syntax&lt;/strong&gt; :    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;         wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;yourelementid&quot;)));&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main concept of both wait :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implicit wait&lt;/strong&gt; : It tells the web driver to wait for specified time by poll the DOM. Once you declared implicit wait it will be available for the entire life of web driver instance. Default the value will be 0. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit wait&lt;/strong&gt; : It is the custom wait. It will be used if  want the execution to wait for some time until some condition achieved or element visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T03:55:46.127" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-02-05T04:03:54.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is totally depends on your software/website and requirement also.  But it is really important and beneficial that we choose and perform non-functional testing techniques as per our need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically no-function testing includes following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Load testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - stress testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - portability testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - reliability testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - usability testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - maintainability testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 - Recovery testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and there are some others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically non-functional is the&#xA;testing of “how” the system works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T04:03:54.970" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12053" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12054" CreationDate="2015-02-05T09:16:32.380" Score="13" ViewCount="5076" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in a critical situation. I have nearly 4 years of experience in QA doing manual and automation testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a total of 4 testers where I work. I am now the most experienced QA in our company. Our company wants to hire a QA with 6+ years of experience with a focus on manual testing. So our management told me to conduct phone screens and then schedule face to face interviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I have started to take interviews, I am confused about whether I am doing them right because all the candidates have more experience than me. Selecting the right candidate is a very critical decision. Also, I have noticed that some candidates are not really able to answer some simple questions even though they have 6+ exp. in QA. How can I tell whether it's my questions that are too hard or if they simply lack a strong base in QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I do to address the situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-02-05T20:27:35.877" LastActivityDate="2015-03-07T11:26:13.647" Title="Should I take interview of manual tester who has more experience than me" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12053" CreationDate="2015-02-05T09:37:11.660" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't be afraid, finding someone more senior than you is fun, your finding a teammate you can learn from. Do understand X+ years does not mean more senior, experience is something that does not necessarily come with time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you expect from a candidate better then you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At-least same basic level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Senior should be able to teach, might need very good communication skills&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give them some functionality to create test-cases for&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let them write some plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/55/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-positions&quot;&gt;How should you interview for QA positions?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interviewing older and more experienced people: &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34939/as-the-20-year-old-ceo-of-a-startup-it-company-what-can-i-do-to-get-older-more&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34939/as-the-20-year-old-ceo-of-a-startup-it-company-what-can-i-do-to-get-older-more&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal search criteria are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smart (Quick learner)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make it happen mentality &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good communicator (including social skills and team player)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:48:41.417" LastActivityDate="2015-03-07T11:26:13.647" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12055" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-05T10:04:27.513" Score="0" ViewCount="5255" Body="&lt;p&gt;how to check check box and getting whether checkbox is checked in javascript selenium and node. I tried using .click on the element also tried using native javascript code to do that.but nothing worked for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(webdriver.By.id('//*    &#xA;[@id=&quot;myTable&quot;]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1]/input')).&#xA;then(function(element){&#xA;   element.click().then(function(){//body goes here&#xA;&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have edited the code in SO itself so there might be braces problem.in actual code its not the braces problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any solutions to do so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11002" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T06:23:31.687" Title="how to check check box and getting whether checkbox is checked in javascript selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12056" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-05T10:48:23.517" Score="1" ViewCount="3790" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a function which accepts array data as input,and according to the size of array I am filling to excel sheet. Also let me know is there any method get column size of array as array.leght gives row size.&#xA;please check the function to write data into excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class xls_read {&#xA;   public String[][] read_xlsx(String filepath, String tab)throws Exception {&#xA;        try{                                                                        // create a new &quot;excel&quot; file with location&quot;filename&quot;&#xA;        FileInputStream input_document = new FileInputStream(new File(filepath));// link &quot;excel&quot; to &quot;program&quot;as InputStream&#xA;        XSSFWorkbook xlsx_workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(input_document);// connect the excel using InputStream&#xA;        XSSFSheet xlsx_worksheet = xlsx_workbook.getSheet(tab);// connect to the tab of excel&#xA;        int rownum = xlsx_worksheet.getLastRowNum();&#xA;        int colnum = xlsx_worksheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();&#xA;        String[][] data = new String[rownum][colnum];&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; rownum; i++) {&#xA;            Row row = xlsx_worksheet.getRow(i);&#xA;            if (row != null) {&#xA;                for (int j = 0; j &amp;lt; colnum; j++) {&#xA;                    Cell cell = row.getCell(j);&#xA;                    if (cell != null) {&#xA;                        try {&#xA;                            data[i][j] = cell.getStringCellValue();&#xA;                        } catch (IllegalStateException e) {&#xA;                            data[i][j] = new BigDecimal(cell.getNumericCellValue()).toPlainString().toString().trim();&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;         return data; &#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch(Exception e){&#xA;            System.out.print(&quot;ERROR OCCURED WHILE READING EXCEL&quot;+filepath+e);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return null;&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;   public String[][] write_xlsx(String[][] input,String filename,String tabname,int col) {&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;input data lenght&quot;+input.length);&#xA;&#xA;       try {&#xA;           File excel = new File(&quot;E:\\output.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;           System.out.print(&quot;\t&quot;+filename+&quot;\t&quot;+tabname+&quot;\t&quot;+col+input.length+&quot;col&quot;+col+&quot;\n&quot;);&#xA;           XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();&#xA;           XSSFSheet sheet= workbook.createSheet();&#xA;&#xA;           // XSSFCell myCell = null;&#xA;            String excelData[][] = input;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;lenght excel data&quot;+excelData.length);&#xA;            XSSFRow myRow1 = sheet.createRow(input.length);&#xA;&#xA;            /*for (int cellNum = 0; cellNum &amp;lt; col; cellNum++) {&#xA;                myCell = myRow1.createCell(cellNum);&#xA;                myCell.setCellValue(excelData[0][cellNum]);&#xA;&#xA;            }*/&#xA;            XSSFCell myCell = myRow1.createCell(col);&#xA;        //    myCell.setCellValue(value)&#xA;&#xA;            for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; input.length; i++) {&#xA;                for (int j = 0; j &amp;lt; col; j++) {&#xA;                    // = myRow1.createCell(i);&#xA;                    myCell.setCellValue(input[i][j]);&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&quot;+excelData[i][j]);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;                FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename);&#xA;                workbook.write(out);&#xA;                out.close();&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;report genrated..&quot;);&#xA;            } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            }&#xA;        return null;&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-02-05T12:26:10.697" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T12:26:10.697" Title="Function to write 2 D Array from java into Excel" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="17" ClosedDate="2015-04-18T03:02:07.287" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12055" CreationDate="2015-02-05T11:08:13.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you want to use JS - use .checked to get if checkbox is checked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like in this example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;return document.getElementsByName('element_name')[0].checked;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to know whether element was selected with Selenium use .isSelected()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@name='element_name']&quot;));&#xA;check=web.isSelected(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5385" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T11:08:13.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12048" CreationDate="2015-02-05T11:34:40.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I understand you are talking about pageLoadTimeout&#xA;Which sets the amount of time to wait for a page load to complete before throwing an error. If the timeout is negative, page loads can be indefinite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically page is considered as loaded when this statement (javascript) evaluates as true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;document.readyState === 'complete'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;posible results for .readyState function are as follows one of five values, representing the status of the current document:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;uninitialized - Has not started loading yet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loading - Is loading&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;loaded - Has been loaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interactive - Has loaded enough and the user can interact with it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;complete - Fully loaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implementation AFAIK depends on language, but more generally you can think about page loading as described in official documentation for Java selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Load a new web page in the current browser window. This is done using&#xA;  an HTTP GET operation, and the method will block until the load is&#xA;  complete. This will follow redirects issued either by the server or as&#xA;  a meta-redirect from within the returned HTML. Should a meta-redirect&#xA;  &quot;rest&quot; for any duration of time, it is best to wait until this timeout&#xA;  is over, since should the underlying page change whilst your test is&#xA;  executing the results of future calls against this interface will be&#xA;  against the freshly loaded page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps in understanding&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info available &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.Timeouts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_doc_readystate.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.Navigation.html#to%28java.lang.String%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5385" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T11:34:40.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12053" CreationDate="2015-02-05T14:31:11.773" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just because they have more experience than you, they may not be be a better Tester/QA than you. The phrase &quot;One year of experience repeated n times.&quot; comes up because you do see this happen in industry. Thus, your first task during the interview should be to establish that they do indeed have the relevant experience and can present themselves as someone one that knows what they are doing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, remember that a good senior tester is someone that you should be able to approach and asking about something that you have problems with. This is a good time to asking them some testing questions that you have had problems and see how they response and what their reasoning is in their explanation. Have they seen something similar before somewhere else, are they making an educated guess based upon experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, another thing to look at is how they approach handling a problem. Give the candidate an example of one of the more esoteric bugs you have encountered and have them walk you through how they would approach the bug. Do they have some insight into the problem that is not immediately obvious?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can also ask some complicated questions that could be made a lot easier. If the candidate is any good, he / she will not only try to solve the problem, but actually get to the real problem, showing you the flaws in your question. If he / she manages to do that in a polite way without intimidating you he / she is a keeper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T14:31:11.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12053" CreationDate="2015-02-05T16:39:12.823" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm the team leader of a software development team in a software development company. I work together with 5 to 7 other software developers. I regularly interview people that are more experienced than I am. Also, some of my employees are more experienced than I am (in years and in technical knowledge).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what helps me in my role as an interviewer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My personal technical knowledge is high enough to judge if an applicant is qualified or not. My technical skills don't need to be higher than the applicant's; they only need to be high enough to make the judgement: Qualified / Not qualified.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am the interviewer, because the management trusts my judgement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For the team, I'm looking for the best candidates. So I always hope to find someone who is more skilled than I am, because finding talented people is my job and I want to do my job right.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I can confirm, that often candidates cannot answer basic technical questions, when put to the test, no matter how &quot;experienced&quot; they are. The few skilled people can answer the questions, so keep that part of the interview up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was nervous in my first interviews, too. But it gets better quite fast after some interviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11007" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T16:39:12.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-02-05T18:12:58.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nonfunctional requirements generally support all users in that they describe the business standards and the business environment, as well as the overall user's experience, therefore, software testing is very essential for non-functional properties also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In non-functional testing the quality characteristics of the component or system is tested. Non-functional refers to aspects of the software that may not be related to a specific function or user action such as scalability or security. E.g. How many people can log in at once? Non-functional testing is also performed at all levels like functional testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non-functional testing includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usability testing,&#xA;    Efficiency testing,&#xA;    Maintainability testing,&#xA;    Portability testing,&#xA;    Baseline testing,&#xA;    Compliance testing,&#xA;    Documentation testing,&#xA;    Endurance testing,&#xA;    Load testing,&#xA;    Performance testing,&#xA;    Compatibility testing,Security testing,&#xA;    Scalability testing,&#xA;    Volume testing,&#xA;    Stress testing,&#xA;    Recovery testing,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T18:12:58.967" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-05T19:08:08.407" Score="5" ViewCount="885" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in the process of writing Access Control tests for a system in the Utilities industry. A  component of the system is accessed depending on the role of the User (Role Based Access Control). There are two layers of Roles - The top layer is an Organisational one. i.e whether the User accessing the system is from an organisation that supplies Electricity, Gas or is a maintainence company, etc....   The second layer of Access control checks the Job role of the user, for example whether the user is a Call center user, a engineer, a Customer Service agent, etc...  This latter level of Access Control is set by a Power User in the organisation. Access is controlled to around 15 sub components within the system, some of which can be accessed by a particular user and some of which cant. Some of the components also link to one another.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To add, a user can be a member of multiple organisations (for example a Gas Company and a Electricity Company) and can have multiple Jobs within that organisation (a call centre agent and a Service manager). With all this, permissions will be set cumulatively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm writing tests but I'm not being strategic in designing my tests, which may mean I have too much coverage (duplication) or maybe not enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all the different permutations, what is the best way of designing tests for this system which is to be tested manually?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2063" LastEditorUserId="2063" LastEditDate="2015-02-06T19:27:28.077" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T19:27:28.077" Title="Testing Access Control" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12053" CreationDate="2015-02-05T20:04:17.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is important that you conduct the interview because you can decide if that senior person will gel in with the rest of the team, work well with them ( and you )  and be a positive force for the team. Having more experience is alright, but working with a team is more critical and needs to be evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11011" LastActivityDate="2015-02-05T20:04:17.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12064" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-06T01:57:47.153" Score="3" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked in ecommerce QA for `3 years now, and I am very familiar with selenium, as this has become kind of the industry standard for browser automation.  Is there something similar for testing games?  How does automation work in the game dev world?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T03:02:03.653" Title="Framework for automating in the game dev industry?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10495" CreationDate="2015-02-06T02:20:45.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't believe it is worth it in your case. Selenium IDE runs as a Firefox add-on and saves its test in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingmentor.com/selenium-tutorials/what-is-selenese/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenese&lt;/a&gt;. You can export it to Java and use HtmlUnit, but you will find that there may not be an equivalent command and you end up having to write your own code to fill the gap. I cover this in my blog, &lt;a href=&quot;http://timothycope.com/?p=286&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Using Selenium IDE you can watch your test run and see if elements look off while you sip your coffee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T02:20:45.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11882" CreationDate="2015-02-06T02:32:24.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Copy+Paste from &lt;a href=&quot;http://timothycope.com/?p=286&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;my blog&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem – Selenium Popup&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;You need to test an anchor whose target is _blank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/linking/_A_TARGET_95y98y108y97y110y107y.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/linking/_A_TARGET_95y98y108y97y110y107y.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution in IDE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Firefox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Selenium icon to the right of the address bar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/&lt;/a&gt; as your Base URL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the record button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/linking/_A_TARGET_95y98y108y97y110y107y.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/linking/_A_TARGET_95y98y108y97y110y107y.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Left-click the a new window link&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on the page and select verifyTitle A Whole New Window – HTML Code Tutorial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Close the new window/tab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on the original window/tab page and select verifyTitle HTML _blank – HTML Code Tutorial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Selenium IDE, click the record button to stop recording&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a pause 1000 step after the click step to give the window/tab time to load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a selectWindow A Whole New Window – HTML Code Tutorial step after the pause to connect to the new window/tab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a close step after the verifyTitle A Whole New Window – HTML Code Tutorial step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a selectWindow HTML _blank – HTML Code Tutorial step after the close step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Play Current Test Case to verify the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution in Java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Export the test from the IDE solution (above)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click File -&gt; Export Test Case As… and select Java/JUnit4/Webdriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save as test01.java in your project’s src folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refresh your project in Eclipse (F5)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix any errors in the code and save&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove package com.example.tests;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Test01.java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scroll down some and you will see some comments, like // ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [selectWindow | A Whole New Window – HTML Code Tutorial | ]]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some of Selenium IDE’s functions don’t have WebDriver equivalents just yet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before the link click event add String parentHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will get the parent window handle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the link click event add for (String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);}&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will switch us to the child window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the close event add driver.switchTo().window(parentHandle);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will switch us back to the parent window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click somewhere in the code file and select Run As -&gt; JUnit Test&#xA;Or, click the green run button on the Eclipse toolbar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A browser window should open and run the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test results should display on the left pane of the Eclipse window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2015-02-06T16:41:39.980" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T16:41:39.980" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11653" CreationDate="2015-02-06T02:39:13.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll find OWASP to be a great resource for security/penetration testing. Start &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/IOS_Application_Security_Testing_Cheat_Sheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for iOS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T02:39:13.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11611" CreationDate="2015-02-06T02:43:30.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't see your requirements but I imagine the behavior and design are intended to be the same across all devices (assuming it's responsive). In this case you would only have one set of test cases, with maybe something special for Android's hardware buttons (menu, back, etc). Test this same set of standards across multiple devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T02:43:30.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12064" CreationDate="2015-02-06T03:02:03.653" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on the tech powering your game. Unity has such testing tools (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.unity3d.com/2013/12/18/unity-test-tools-released/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T03:02:03.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12062" CreationDate="2015-02-06T04:27:20.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not have idea that if you are expert in automation testing or not. If you are then you can create automation script for each role and you can specify diff. logic that if role is call center executive then specified things should be accessible. So you can do that for each and every role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why I am telling you to use automation because suppose in future if you add new role with diff. access permission then you will have to test that new role as well as already created role. As a tester you will have to check for regression that if you add new role then already created role/access should nor disturb. So in this case automation will done your work very quickly for regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to go by manual testing then you can create test cases for each role and access. For ex: if role is manager then it should allow to access these menus , these items etc and then you can run manually all test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so in whole flow of testing from start to end your focus must on role based access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-02-06T04:33:07.753" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T04:33:07.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12062" CreationDate="2015-02-06T09:26:06.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you (i.e. management) are willing to take some risk you can use N wise testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But anyway, everything should begin with you having clear understanding of what is being tested. For that you should be organized and be able to track everything, a simple example would be using tables to cross features and test cases (Excel is really good at this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T09:26:06.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10018" CreationDate="2015-02-06T11:15:38.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;appPackage&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;appActivity&lt;/code&gt; capabilities should be used for installed Android apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They both can be found in the output of &lt;code&gt;adb logcat&lt;/code&gt; command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Connect a device or launch an emulator;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Execute your app;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Execute &lt;code&gt;adb logcat&lt;/code&gt; command;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Search the output for &lt;code&gt;Activity&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T11:15:38.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12075" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-06T15:46:26.297" Score="6" ViewCount="1217" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for approaches to measuring feature coverage (however you want to define that), and how BDDs can help (or be a neutral, or even negative factor) in such measurement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question is: do you measure feature coverage, and how do you do it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular, I assume that we in our QA function will have to do a fair amount of work to fill in specifications. &lt;strong&gt;We don't have&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Well defined acceptance tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Product owners who define user stories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers working on stories in a single sprint tracked through JIRA tickets (or similar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any catalogue which relates stories to features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QAs who understand our product really well, and are smart. One is writing automation tests; the others should be able to get up to speed with BDD writing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation testing can catch regressions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SDETs who write automation tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have a special definition of feature coverage, although I'm very open to the idea that maybe I should have such a definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8946" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T00:54:22.920" Title="Measuring feature coverage with BDDs" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10495" CreationDate="2015-02-06T15:56:02.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only you can really answer that. A good testing framework that can run functional test automation is software, like any other; you'd have to write it and maintain it, but you might find it easier to add tests when you don't have to worry about flakey record-and-playback, and once you have a decent framework, other developers can pitch in and write tests against it. Some basic smoke tests could also be plugged into a CI platform to aid in the deployment validation. However, I think for your team size, unit tests are a more important priority, so I'd work on getting those solid before you really dig into Selenium Webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ETA: Upon a second reading, I'm not certain I read your question properly the first time. I was assuming you were talking about going to Selenium with HTMLUnit, like @kirbycope suggested. If you're considering spending less time in Selenium and more time with unit- and integration-test frameworks, the answer is a resounding &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt;, it's worth it. Waitrmelon.com has this lovely chart that shows where you should be doing the bulk of your testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://watirmelon.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/idealautomatedtestingpyramid.png&quot; height=&quot;300&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unit and integration tests will be less fragile, require less maintenance, and ultimately run a lot faster than recorded Selenium tests ever will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2015-02-06T16:10:04.990" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T16:10:04.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12062" CreationDate="2015-02-06T15:56:38.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can design your test in a spreadsheet and fill out all the combinations. Look for and remove redundant cases. You can incorperate this matrix into your automation by using columns for User/pass to login then try to acess certain pages and use the matrix to assert acess is granted or not. Your automation will be lightweight and rely on the spreadsheet for all its data. This saves you from writing a test for each case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T15:56:38.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-06T21:59:00.370" Score="1" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried used apigen for generate documentation from netbeans i followed all steps from page but when i do this i found a file.txt with things that i do not understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not find a file.html with the documentation. Please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10995" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-02-06T22:30:48.353" LastActivityDate="2015-02-06T22:30:48.353" Title="Apigen Netbeans" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-02-12T20:48:40.553" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12079" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-07T00:52:59.693" Score="8" ViewCount="448" Body="&lt;p&gt;The scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scrum team consists of more developers than testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stories revolve around 80% of testing tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Why so much testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are asks of E2E testing for several user flows; regression testing for some on E2E level &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;most of which changes at upstream / UI so that automation is not an option always; component level new features being added and need feature testing; automation of these tests; Documentation &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;because the areas of testing and steps often encompass new domains and complicated environment setups&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Though ideally the product manager would let add technical user stories for QA too, most of the times, such automation backlog stories don't get prioritized over other testing tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to the above, most of the times, the QA need to concentrate on a lot of manual testing.&#xA;And hence, automation goes to a backseat.&#xA;Sometimes the features need to be pushed out so much soon, that the automation gets a backseat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question 1: &#xA;In these circumstances, how can a team manage coping up with automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question 2:&#xA;One of the things we did was ask our Developers to help complete automation (on a feature they haven't coded for). However, two things happen due to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA does not get a chance to improve automation skill set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As QA does not do automation anymore, (the criteria of performance reviews) the QA gets negatively impacted during the evaluation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to deal with this contradictory situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11026" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T00:45:42.130" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T09:05:15.767" Title="How to write automation when test engineers are constantly pulled to do manual testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12079" CreationDate="2015-02-07T01:03:29.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your management is so focused on short time returns that it will not invest in increasing your skills to improve your productivity - &lt;strong&gt;you should do it anyway in your own free time.&lt;/strong&gt; All tools and documentation are free, you just invest your time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course your progress would be slower, but after some time you should be able to show some results, proving to your managers that giving more support to test automation is good investment for company. Or if not, you gained skills which you can apply in a different company with better future (for both company and you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the saying goes: if you cannot change your company - change your company (meaning: vote with your feet, work for another one).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-02-07T01:32:23.807" LastActivityDate="2015-02-07T01:32:23.807" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12079" CreationDate="2015-02-07T02:57:48.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to redefine what the definition of &quot;done&quot; is for a ticket. A ticket is not complete until manual testing, documentation, and automation are done. Project Managers might get upset at first but it's not hard to win an argument when you tell them the increase quality means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-02-07T02:57:48.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12079" CreationDate="2015-02-07T04:53:45.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You think it's impossible! Not really. Here is how to accomplish this. Short and sweet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QAs are involved in pointing the stories. You decide in sprint planning/refinement if any automation needs to be done on the story. Everyone including QAs know the effort it's going to take. So, you point them keeping that in mind. And, you mention that as an acceptance criteria that automation needs to be done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technically for all new features you should be writing E2E testing and if so you don't need a different regression suit because one suit can be run on a regular basis(through CI).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;because the areas of testing and steps often encompass new domains and complicated environment setups&quot;: You shouldn't be writing any automation tests that cannot be fully automated. So, this scenario keep only manual and create documentations. And, I forgot to mention, when you write automation that's your test plans, no need to write manual tests plans and you concentrate fully on automation for that feature. There are plenty of ways to generate reports through tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA cannot have a backseat: Because there is technically no designated role in Agile as QA. All of them are team members and if stories are becoming heavier in QA lane then Devs have to step up and clear the QA lane. And, if you push the stories out without giving QA enough time or QA cannot finish them and you want them to be out, there is, &lt;strong&gt;of course&lt;/strong&gt; something wrong with story pointing. &lt;strong&gt;They are not pointed right.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose an automation tool and language which go with the application architecture. Such as select Java dependent tool(Selenium with Java) if you are a Java shop so that if QA falls behind Dev can easily pick up and finish,  re-patch or write some automation tests cases. This scenarios will also cover the improvement of QA's automation skills since they can easily take help from devs for writing code and such. It dramatically speed up the process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Make sure the proportion of QA and Devs are right otherwise QA will always be behind because sometimes writing automation is heavier than writing application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8398" LastEditorUserId="8398" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T14:02:56.173" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T14:02:56.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-07T08:01:35.667" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my office we worked with a software developer that he create some software for us and now he want to quit. We need to take the source of these softwares and deliver that to another developer . Is there a standard for doing this or something like checklist for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11028" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T05:17:42.060" Title="Standard to take source of software" Tags="&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12083" CreationDate="2015-02-07T17:27:19.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let them meet (or do an online call) and do a handover:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explain internals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installation documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploy documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most important thing is that it should be complete and the new developer should be able to build it without to much hassle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I suggest you place the actual code in some sort of version control systems if it is not already. If the new developer needs to access the code over the internet have them store it in &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://bitbucket.org/&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-02-07T17:27:19.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12053" CreationDate="2015-02-08T00:36:46.593" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard this phrase several times over the years, mostly from startups: &quot;hire someone smarter than yourself&quot;. I suspect one element of smarts is experience. You should approach the interview asking, &quot;what could this person teach me?&quot; and if it's the right fit maybe you can teach them something too!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10656" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T00:36:46.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11536" CreationDate="2015-02-08T03:49:20.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a Mac host, there is Keyboard Maestro.  For Windows hosts, there's AutohotKey.  For Unix hosts, there are AutoKey, Xnee, or XDotool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2015-02-08T03:49:20.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1425" CreationDate="2015-02-08T13:38:47.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't agree with the idea that &quot;if there is a refined specification of installation it's functional otherwise not&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thinking in that way is like &quot;do not describe in detail your non-functional requirements or they become functional&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that non-functional requirements need to be well specified. And they continue to be non-functional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apologies for my bad english. I'm improving it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10998" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T11:58:53.793" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T11:58:53.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12091" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T05:08:45.200" Score="1" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am going to attend an interview for calypso. They have a requirement for an automation engineer, and I want to know what kind of questions are expected. They haven't told me what tools they are using for automation. Their application is a cash management, treasury and liquidity management software. Can anyone suggest what kind of questions they might ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11036" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T11:53:08.707" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T03:24:52.517" Title="automation for financial applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T05:37:19.060" Score="0" ViewCount="4097" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any replacement of sendkeys in selenium as we have in coeded ui 'element.text'&#xA;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11037" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T06:18:33.597" Title="Replacement Of Sendkeys in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12092" CreationDate="2015-02-09T06:18:33.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;See the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25583641/set-value-of-input-instead-of-sendkeys-selenium-webdriver-nodejs&quot;&gt;answer to this question&lt;/a&gt;. I think setting the value in the HTML source will be the only alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T06:18:33.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12094" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T06:28:43.047" Score="1" ViewCount="49272" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium Webdriver with Java, and I need help handling sub child windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to handle four child windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Main window- Child window- Grand child - (to reach 5 child windows)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using code as follows, but facing problem on Grand child were controls are not at all working at any code change instances. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test {&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;    //System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;,&quot;E:\\Library\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://70.91.43.177/rcsnewjs&quot;);&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById('overridelink').click();&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtUserId&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtUserId&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;rcsadmin&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtPassword&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;delasoft&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;btnLogin&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;__tab_TabContainer1_TabPanel3&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    String MainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;    String Childwindow = MainWindow;&#xA;    String ChildWindow1 = Childwindow;&#xA;    String ChildWindow2 = ChildWindow1;&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;TabContainer1_TabPanel3_dmwmOutdoorAdvertising_btnAddPermits&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch(Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    for (String Handle : driver.getWindowHandles())&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (!Childwindow.equals(Handle))&#xA;        {&#xA;            Childwindow = Handle;&#xA;            driver.switchTo().window(Childwindow);&#xA;            Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;     try&#xA;     {&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;btnSelectOwner&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;     catch(Exception e)&#xA;     {&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;    for (String Handle1 : driver.getWindowHandles())&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (!ChildWindow1.equals(Handle1))&#xA;        {&#xA;            ChildWindow1 = Handle1;&#xA;            driver.switchTo().window(ChildWindow1);&#xA;            Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;      **Code is not reaching here. Which means controls are not working on the above opened window .**&#xA;&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/form/div[3]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/div/table/tbody/tr[4]/td/div/div[2]/div/table/tbody/tr[11]/td[5]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;     Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;     driver.switchTo().window(Childwindow);&#xA;     Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11038" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T15:36:16.447" LastActivityDate="2019-08-07T10:46:16.253" Title="How to handle sub child windows(more than 3) using Selenium Web Driver with Java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11536" CreationDate="2015-02-09T09:47:06.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can think of a few options-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/USB-Keyboard-Emulator_257478709.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a USB keyboard emulator maybe ?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use an RS232 output to drive and simulate an RS232 keyboard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ipmi remote console, if your platform supports it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T09:47:06.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11818" CreationDate="2015-02-09T12:41:32.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is an Angular application I would go for Protractor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor was made for Angular Apps. You don't have deal with elements not being visible yet due to page loads. Protractors deals with it for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know CodedUI des not provide this functionality. Correct me if I'm wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resource reason:&#xA;Most Angular projects are javascript intensive. Which means your devs will be able to maintain the protractor tests too. Might come in handy later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6581" LastEditorUserId="6581" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T14:35:56.983" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T14:35:56.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12097" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T12:54:04.227" Score="1" ViewCount="1347" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using JMeter to loadtest a webapplication.&#xA;We are using realistic throughput values based on Google Analytics. Each functionality has to deal with a different throughput level (eg. some pages are visited more than others)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I do a test per functionality, one after the other. Which is not ideal. I'm using the Throughput Shaping Timer plugin to control the amount of requests per minute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How in JMeter can I set different levels of throughput for different transaction controllers in one test?&#xA;Is this even possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6581" LastActivityDate="2015-04-12T08:22:47.943" Title="Different throughput per functionality in JMeter testplan" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T13:07:03.217" Score="3" ViewCount="682" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created test cases in test link and have reported the issues in jira. I want to link the issue no with the test link. How can this be done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you really know this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4663" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T17:51:09.077" Title="How to link testlink with jira?" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12099" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T13:35:03.247" Score="4" ViewCount="2768" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to add &quot;Custom fields&quot; while adding steps in testlink?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have added custom field from &quot;Define Custom Fields&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also assigned custom field from &quot;Assign custom field&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want to view the added custom field while adding steps, after&#xA;&quot;Expected Results&quot; field in grid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11046" LastEditorUserId="8398" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T13:52:20.753" LastActivityDate="2016-12-18T04:54:40.583" Title="How to add &quot;Custom fields&quot; while adding steps in testlink?" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12100" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T14:32:14.027" Score="1" ViewCount="87348" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in learning Selenium WebDriver and XPath. I am trying to get the &quot;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; Element of the Nested Table which Contains string '7-8-9.' Following is the HTML page code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;title&amp;gt;Sample&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table border = &quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;one&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;two&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;three&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table border = 1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;1-2-3&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;4-5-6&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;7-8-9&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;10-11-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this the test code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement  cell3 =  driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[contains(text() , '1-2-3'))]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(cell3.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help!&#xA;thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11048" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T11:33:01.330" Title="How to use Xpath 'contains()' function to locate a Web element in Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12100" CreationDate="2015-02-09T14:39:56.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, you don't want the &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; to do a lot of works. So, be little bit more considerate when you the write &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;You don't need to walk down the whole hierarchy to find the element with &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt;. Relative xpath would be enough for &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt;. Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/choosing-effective-xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//tbody//td[contains(text(),'1-2-3')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8398" LastEditorUserId="8398" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T14:45:08.180" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T14:45:08.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12102" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-09T15:38:52.423" Score="3" ViewCount="15614" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a fresh out of school software engineer, and have been asked to interview potential qa managers and directors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since they're management level, what sort of questions should I ask them? Company structure, guidelines and managerials experience, testing standards etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11050" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T12:33:19.453" Title="How to interview a QA Manager or Director?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12102" CreationDate="2015-02-09T15:53:01.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would assume that other people with managerial experience will ask (and evaluate) the candidate questions related to management skills, and your role is to check if they have real QA skills (but you should ask confirmation of my assumption - ask the person who asked you to participate what your role should be).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, you are checking if candidate has QA skills - see Related questions on right side of this forum. Ask about experience in technologies on resume relevant to your situation, some deep technical questions where answer is impossible to fake. As manager, s/he might not have such deep expertise, but it is good to know to both you and your colelagues - because maybe s/he promised such experience in resume, and is hoping that non-technical people will fail to notice such lack of skills. You would be surprised but it happened to us. With enough confidence, con-man can BS to a fairly senior technical position, and stay there for few months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask also some open-ended behavioral questions: examples of situation working under stress, handling misunderstanding, dealing with request which is impossible to fit to schedule, etc. So you will have better idea what is this person management style. And if s/he cannot provide examples, you can see that experience (in this universe) is not what resume suggested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T15:59:52.823" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T15:59:52.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12102" CreationDate="2015-02-09T15:58:58.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to check their QA skills then you can ask on following topics :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - What is their expertise? Experience in manual testing , automation testing , technical analysis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - What is STLC and How he/she follows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Testing terms &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Ask about Test cases , test plan , bug reporting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - What is main weakness and strength of that person&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - Ask like what if he approved software and client found bugs , How he will convince client?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 - What is BEST and WORST time during their QA job experience?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8 - Why started career as QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9 - What is future goal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10 - What is hobby?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;11 - Ask about Bug life cycle &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;12 - Ask about team management , How they can handle team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There can be lot of , but in my mind above looks important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T15:58:58.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11810" CreationDate="2015-02-09T17:06:48.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your understanding is fundamentally correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A test plan&lt;/strong&gt; is just that -- a test &lt;em&gt;plan&lt;/em&gt;. It is how you plan to go about testing an application or change to an application as a whole. The plan might include a description of what scenarios you need to cover, whether they will be automated tests or manual tests, whether you will do performance testing, in what environments (os, systems, browsers, etc) the tests will cover, and so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia says this about a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_plan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test plan&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A test plan is a document detailing a systematic approach to testing a&#xA;  system such as a machine or software. The plan typically contains a&#xA;  detailed understanding of the eventual workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A test suite&lt;/strong&gt; is a collection of test cases. Think of a test case as a file on disk, and the suite is a folder (though they might not be actual folders and files). A test suite is a way to organize all of your individual test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia says this about a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_suite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test suite&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...a test suite, less commonly known as a validation suite, is a&#xA;  collection of test cases that are intended to be used to test a&#xA;  software program to show that it has some specified set of behaviours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A test case&lt;/strong&gt; is what is actually performed during testing. A test case could be a single automated test, or it could be instructions for performing a manual test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia says this about a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test case&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A test case, in software engineering, is a set of conditions under&#xA;  which a tester will determine whether an application, software system&#xA;  or one of its features is working as it was originally established for&#xA;  it to do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastEditorUserId="1105" LastEditDate="2015-02-09T17:14:30.103" LastActivityDate="2015-02-09T17:14:30.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12107" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12149" CreationDate="2015-02-10T04:16:42.143" Score="3" ViewCount="1841" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just read a question related to ISTQB (Foundation Level) from a paper which is available in market :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q - What type of testing will you perform on internet banking solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Options : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. System integration &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. Functional testing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C. Non-functional testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D. Requirements testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And according to them answer is &lt;strong&gt;C. Non-functional testing.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with the answer , but on the other hand, I am confused that do we not require all other testing for the same application? Please help me to clear this doubt. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T12:15:54.373" LastActivityDate="2020-11-29T20:33:37.947" Title="Confused about internet banking testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12094" CreationDate="2015-02-10T06:21:17.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may have to switch to childWindow to do the operation on the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(Childwindow);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you will have to use driver switch to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can switch between windows as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Store the current window handle&#xA;String winHandleBefore = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;&#xA;//Perform the click operation that opens new window&#xA;&#xA;//Switch to new window opened&#xA;for(String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()){&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// Perform the actions on new window&#xA;&#xA;//Close the new window if that window no more required&#xA;driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;//Switch back to original browser (first window)&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(winHandleBefore);&#xA;&#xA;//continue with original browser (first window)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwaretestingboard.com/qna/15/change-focus-to-a-new-popup-tab-in-selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;visit this site.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10952" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-16T08:09:03.907" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T08:09:03.907" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12055" CreationDate="2015-02-10T06:23:31.687" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try getting attribute &lt;code&gt;&quot;checked&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. If your checkbox is selected, it will return true or it will return false or null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10952" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T06:23:31.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12010" CreationDate="2015-02-10T06:26:09.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can checkout my sample test automation project for OrangHRM using Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/qamate/orangehrm-selenium-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/qamate/orangehrm-selenium-automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my TestNG.xml file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;smoke-test-suite&quot; parallel=&quot;tests&quot; thread-count=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;ReportLocation&quot; value=&quot;reports&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;remoteURL&quot; value=&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;baseURL&quot; value=&quot;http://opensource.demo.orangehrmlive.com/&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;baseURL&quot; value=&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;internal&quot; value=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!--&#xA;        &amp;lt;test name=&quot;test_ff&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;OS&quot; value=&quot;WIN8_1&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;firefox&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;version&quot; value=&quot;34&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.qamate.orangehrm_selenium_automation.Tests.LoginTest&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;test name=&quot;test_ie&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;OS&quot; value=&quot;WIN8_1&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;internet explorer&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;version&quot; value=&quot;34&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.qamate.orangehrm_selenium_automation.Tests.LoginTest&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;test name=&quot;test_chrome&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;OS&quot; value=&quot;WINDOWS&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;chrome&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;version&quot; value=&quot;ANY&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.qamate.orangehrm_selenium_automation.Tests.LoginTest&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;--&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;test_chrome&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;OS&quot; value=&quot;WINDOWS&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;chrome&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;version&quot; value=&quot;ANY&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.qamate.orangehrm_selenium_automation.Tests.GoogleTest&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!--&#xA;            &amp;lt;test name=&quot;reportingTest&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.kagrana.base.BaseActionsTest&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;test name=&quot;reportingTest1&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.kagrana.base.BaseActionsTest1&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;test name=&quot;reportingTest2&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.kagrana.base.BaseActionsTest2&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;test name=&quot;reportingTest3&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.kagrana.base.BaseActionsTest3&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;test name=&quot;reportingTest4&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.kagrana.base.BaseActionsTest4&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;             --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above example, you can see the way I am specifying different browser combinations for different tests as parameters. From your test class you can read these parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. See below class file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package in.mayurshah.base;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import in.mayurshah.DTO.WebDriverConfig;&#xA;import in.mayurshah.util.Log;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.ITestContext;&#xA;import org.testng.ITestResult;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Optional;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;&#xA;&#xA;import in.mayurshah.DTO.TestCase;&#xA;&#xA;public abstract class BaseActions {&#xA;    protected WebDriver driver;&#xA;    protected static Log log;&#xA;    protected WebDriverConfig config;&#xA;    protected String baseURL;&#xA;    protected TestCase testCase;&#xA;    private static int testCaseCount = 1;&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * This gets invoked even before suite starts.&#xA;     * @param ReportLocation - Provide location where you want to store the report&#xA;     */&#xA;    @Parameters({&quot;ReportLocation&quot;})&#xA;    @BeforeSuite&#xA;    public void beforeSuite(@Optional String ReportLocation){&#xA;        log = new Log();&#xA;        log.setReportDirectory(ReportLocation);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;    @Parameters({ &quot;remoteURL&quot;, &quot;baseURL&quot;, &quot;OS&quot;, &quot;browser&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;version&quot;, &quot;internal&quot; })&#xA;    public void beforeTest(String remoteURL, String baseURL,&#xA;            String OS, String browser, String version, String internal)&#xA;            throws IOException {&#xA;        this.testCase = new TestCase();&#xA;        this.testCase.setExecutionEnvironment(&quot;{browser:&quot;+browser+&quot;,browserVersion:&quot;+version+&quot;,OperatingSystem:&quot;+OS+&quot;}&quot;);&#xA;        this.testCase.setParentURL(baseURL);&#xA;        this.testCase.setTestCaseId(&quot;KT&quot;+testCaseCount++);&#xA;        this.testCase.setScreenshotDirectory(log.getReportDirectory()+&quot;\\images&quot;);&#xA;        config = new WebDriverConfig();&#xA;        config.setRemoteURL(remoteURL);&#xA;        this.baseURL = baseURL;&#xA;        config.setOS(OS);&#xA;        config.setBrowserName(browser);&#xA;        config.setBrowserVersion(version);&#xA;        config.setIntenal(Boolean.parseBoolean(internal));&#xA;        driver = xRemoteWebDriver.getInstance(config, log);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.get(this.baseURL);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterMethod&#xA;    public void afterTest(ITestResult itr) {&#xA;        testCase.setExecutionTime((itr.getEndMillis() - itr.getStartMillis()));&#xA;        testCase.setTestCaseName(itr.getName());&#xA;        log.addTestCase(testCase);&#xA;        try {&#xA;            driver.close();&#xA;        } catch (Exception ignore) {&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        try {&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;        } catch (Exception ignore) {&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    @AfterSuite&#xA;    public void afterSuite(ITestContext itc) throws IOException{&#xA;        log.setTestSuiteName(itc.getSuite().getName());&#xA;        log.writeReport();&#xA;        log.zipAndEmailFile();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10952" LastEditorUserId="10952" LastEditDate="2016-11-17T09:32:54.477" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T09:32:54.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12112" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12114" CreationDate="2015-02-10T06:54:50.340" Score="0" ViewCount="1359" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on report generation. For generation I need date&amp;amp;time[time stamp] telling when the report is generated. For this purpose I have created a method which returns formatted date time values such that I can give the name to excel file.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am getting error at report generation.&#xA;My code is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Currenttime {&#xA;&#xA;public String getCurrentTime()&#xA;{&#xA;    return new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;yyyy.MM.dd_HH:mm:ss&quot;).format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;wd.write_xls(Auth,&quot;E:\\Automation\\USP_Automation_Main\\Report\\&quot;+ct.getCurrentTime()+&quot;_report.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ERROR:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.io.FileNotFoundException:&#xA;E:\Automation\USP_Automation_Main\Report\2015.02.10_12:18:41_report.xlsx&#xA;(The filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect)&#xA;    at java.io.FileOutputStream.open(Native Method)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Complete code for write xlsx:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String[][] write_xls(String[][] input,String filename,String tabname,int col) {&#xA;           System.out.println(&quot;input data lenght&quot;+input.length);&#xA;&#xA;           try {&#xA;               File excel = new File(&quot;E:\\output.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;               System.out.print(&quot;\t&quot;+filename+&quot;\t&quot;+tabname+&quot;\t&quot;+col+input.length+&quot;col&quot;+col+&quot;\n&quot;);&#xA;               XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();&#xA;               XSSFSheet sheet= workbook.createSheet(tabname);&#xA;               FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename);&#xA;               int cnt=0;&#xA;               int inc = 1;&#xA;               for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;input.length;i++)&#xA;               {    &#xA;                    XSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(cnt);&#xA;&#xA;                    for(int j=0;j&amp;lt;col;j++)&#xA;                    {                  &#xA;                        row1.createCell(j).setCellValue(input[i][j]);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    cnt++;&#xA;               }&#xA;                    workbook.write(out);&#xA;                    out.close();&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;report genrated..&quot;);&#xA;               } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;                    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;               }&#xA;            return null;&#xA;       }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditDate="2020-02-03T09:28:27.527" LastActivityDate="2020-02-03T09:28:27.527" Title="Setting Date &amp; Time in java" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;excel&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-10T07:57:24.620" Score="2" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;My project is running successfully in eclipse after creating executable, if I double click on project It's running through command prompt also I am able to execute with TestNG and after completion of execution without execution of targets program execution is completing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11056" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T05:21:32.457" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T05:21:32.457" Title="How to execute targets of build.xml from an executable (ex)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-06-29T05:27:04.283" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12112" CreationDate="2015-02-10T10:54:57.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your filename is illegal, colon &lt;code&gt;:&lt;/code&gt; is not allowed in files names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2015.02.10_12:18:41_report.xlsx&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1976007/what-characters-are-forbidden-in-windows-and-linux-directory-names&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1976007/what-characters-are-forbidden-in-windows-and-linux-directory-names&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would replace &lt;code&gt;getCurrentTime()&lt;/code&gt; with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/732034/getting-unixtime-in-java&quot;&gt;timestamp&lt;/a&gt; or a GUID if the name needs to be unique. If you need the date remove the illegal characters from your time formatter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T10:54:57.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12116" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-10T12:42:39.647" Score="2" ViewCount="737" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a test coverage tool that can show the call path/call graph of new untested code that  came from a merge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: I have a git repo (on github or bitbucket) and a test suite that covers X% on master, some other developer wants to contribute and do a fork and a pull request as usual, but he/she didn't included the tests (for many reasons). Then the tool show the untested call graphs that only came after the integration of this new code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11059" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-10T16:26:07.823" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T06:49:22.563" Title="Test coverage tool that shows call graph of untested new code from a merge" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12117" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-10T13:56:00.597" Score="2" ViewCount="1669" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a front-end Web developer who works for a small company. I also do some freelance work on the side occasionally. I would describe my skill set as more design-heavy than programming-heavy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a pretty good set of tools for testing. My Mac runs OSX apps, IE6-11 with VirtualBox, and iOS Simulator; a Nexus 7 gives me an Android touch environment to round out the majority of browsers I should be testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm lacking is any real QA protocol. My workflow usually consists of: Develop in Firefox, jump over to Chromium occasionally to make sure nothing obvious is going wrong, and then later in the process open up the VMs and start clicking around a bit to make sure nothing is really amiss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is hardly rigorous, definitely not standardized, and probably not even the best way to go about doing things. However, I can't imagine myself testing 10-15 browsers after every change either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not looking to do a tester's full-time job with the last ten percent of my time - I understand and respect the position's importance more than that. But in an imperfect world where I have to rely mostly on myself for testing, what are some good strategies for doing QA, striking a balance between thoroughness and efficiency? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that's too broad of a question, I'd like to focus on front-end design specifically more than things like 'does the data validate'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11060" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T22:49:13.377" Title="QA strategies for a front-end developer" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8803" CreationDate="2015-02-10T15:14:57.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the same issue and have yet to find an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a workaround you can use a loop and:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;searchBox.sendKeys(Keys.BACK_SPACE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11061" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-03-18T12:18:54.987" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T12:18:54.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12116" CreationDate="2015-02-10T16:25:21.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try Diff-Cover: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Bachmann1234/diff-cover&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Bachmann1234/diff-cover&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Diff coverage is the percentage of &lt;strong&gt;new or modified lines&lt;/strong&gt; that are&#xA;  covered by tests. This provides a clear and achievable standard for&#xA;  code review: If you touch a line of code, that line should be covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems Diff-Cover uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cobertura/cobertura&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cobertura&lt;/a&gt; XML coverage reports, those might or might not be available for the stack you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cobertura XML coverage reports can be generated with many coverage&#xA;  tools, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cobertura (Java)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;coverage.py (Python)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;JSCover (JavaScript)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T16:25:21.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12120" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12414" CreationDate="2015-02-10T17:05:43.887" Score="1" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any good UAT online management website that is simple and effective? I have been looking for a while now to find a website out there to help me design tests and write documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know spreadsheet is the answer but looking for something more robust, ideally with notifications to help communication developer/tester&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11062" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T20:57:10.810" Title="Is there any good UAT online management website that is simple and effective?" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12117" CreationDate="2015-02-10T21:31:32.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The basic strategy is risk assessment - where might the problems be and what will affect the users wallet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Do you know what your users are using - are you going to bother testing on IE8? You say you don't want to test 10-15 browsers - where did you get that number from? If you developing on Chrome then no need to test on Chrome, test on FF and Safari and however many versions of IE you have to support. Do you test all on every change? No, work out what your changes do and if they are likely to affect functionality or display or both. Test with different browsers every testing session rather than every one every time. Look at your past bugs and work out which ones cause the problems and focus on those&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Most programs follow the 80/20 rule or Pareto principle, 80% of the users spend their time in 20% of the features. Know the users and the important revenue earning workflow and make sure that works&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the usual tester answer is 'it depends' - you haven't give any details of your app. If it's free app and you don't care about the users, push out a build whenever you want. If you're building a banking app or medical app or health records then you're gonna have to be a lot more thorough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do better testing than 'click around' a bit - do a search for testing quick attacks or test heuristics cheat sheet and do some more intelligent testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1242" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T21:31:32.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10477" CreationDate="2015-02-10T22:43:09.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using something like this with selenium webdriver and firefox so I'm constrained to XPath 1.0 features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath(&quot;//input[starts-with(@id, 'foo_') and ends-with(@id, '_bar')]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That should in theory catch any id that looks like these that starts-with &lt;code&gt;foo_&lt;/code&gt; and ends-with &lt;code&gt;_bar&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;foo_1_bar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;foo_2_bar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;foo_beer_bar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;foo_and so on and so forth_bar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had some trouble making the matches with &lt;code&gt;ends-with&lt;/code&gt; in XPath 1.0, so I'd recommend using &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; wherever possible. This is however purely anecdotal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/xpath_functions.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3C's specs on XPath, XQuery, and XSLT Functions has been very helpful for me&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1613" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T22:43:09.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12117" CreationDate="2015-02-10T22:49:13.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what are some good strategies for doing QA, striking a balance between thoroughness and efficiency?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Focus on priority and correctness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find something important to prove to be working, like 'completing the registration process yields a new account'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describe explicitly how to execute the process and verify the result (the test case for correctness)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform the test case against each browser that matters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate it when you you have too many important things to prove than time to prove them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thoroughness is just adding more correct tests. Efficiency is worthless if the tests aren't correct; once they are correct just automate them and throw them at an n-sized cluster for as much efficiency as you can afford.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'd like to focus on front-end design specifically more than things like 'does the data validate'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to look into &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/facebookarchive/huxley&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;huxley&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the readme: &quot;Watches you browse, takes screenshots, tells you when they change&quot;. Might be the sort of thing to look into.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-02-10T22:49:13.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12097" CreationDate="2015-02-11T07:47:08.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter timers have their scope. Basically if you put a timer on the same level with all requests - it will impact all of them, if you put the timer as a child of the certain request - it will affect only this particular request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is possible to shape requests throughput individually. Even more, you can change throughput during test run if you'll use a JMeter Property as a throughput value and control it via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#beanshell_server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell server&lt;/a&gt; Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to use JMeter's Throughput Constant Timer&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T07:47:08.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12128" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-11T09:32:28.407" Score="7" ViewCount="4210" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder what's the common view on the following situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A bug was found, reported and fixed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The bug was verified on a given build and closed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After a while (next build; after a few builds) - the bug re-appeared.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reopen the closed bug, add information and continue from there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open a new bug and link to the previous one. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pros for Option 1:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keep all information in the same place &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reduce the bug count and as a result the bug management effort&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cons:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is a regression. Re-opening the existing bug means we don't count this bug as a regression.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The bug shows in the &quot;old bugs&quot; list (list of bugs that are opened for more than X days) - and this is incorrect information. It's not really an old bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pros and cons are inverted for Option 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's your opinion? How do you deal with this in your organization? Why this way? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks, Michael &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11070" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T10:29:09.660" Title="How to deal with repeat-bug: Re-open the existing (closed) bug report, or submit a new one?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12128" CreationDate="2015-02-11T09:49:37.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do following in your given situation  :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - If there are diff. build for ex: First you have test on local server and close bug and if that same bug found in staging / production server in same application then insert that bug as &lt;strong&gt;NEW&lt;/strong&gt;. So that can help us to identify some root cause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - If you closed bug in staging server and getting again on same server for same application then do &lt;strong&gt;RE-OPEN&lt;/strong&gt; it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a QA , I do above things. Because mostly developer fix bugs in local server but do mistake in upload to staging server so that is just upload mistake so  better we consider as &lt;strong&gt;NEW&lt;/strong&gt; bug for staging server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T09:49:37.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12128" CreationDate="2015-02-11T10:28:27.057" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would always go for opening a new issue and linking it to the old one. The defect might look similar in its behavior, but its possible the cause is totally different. If possible let another developer fix this new issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The added advantage of having one ticket with all the info is very slim, reducing the defect count is like giving management blindfolds, it is an new issue and people are again wasting time on it. If this happens to often, someone should take action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It really frustrates me if the same issues come up again and again, this clearly shows there is something missing in the development cycle process, which allows shortcuts and or sloppiness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have recurring defects the following actions might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create an automated test for it and run tests on each check-in, to find out when it breaks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do a root-cause analysis and understand how to prevent this from happening in the future&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-11T10:34:23.913" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T10:34:23.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11596" CreationDate="2015-02-11T15:35:18.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's an open issue on Selenium's bug tracker for this problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=8302&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=8302&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems a recent Windows security update broke the IEWebDriver. The good news is that today's round of Windows patches includes a fix (though one user reports that it still does not work for headless mode).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11076" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T15:35:18.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12132" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-11T15:50:50.723" Score="2" ViewCount="3262" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our site has a good number of reports that are using &lt;code&gt;SSRS&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;Crystal&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Excel&lt;/code&gt;. We are using &lt;code&gt;C#&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;. I have been searching for the best practices and best ways and tools to test the content of those report. I need to test &lt;code&gt;pdf/excel&lt;/code&gt; content or both depending on the report I am testing. I know Selenium does not have native support for this kind of testing. My question is what kind of tool I can integrate with Selenium to accomplish that. Open source preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to test pdf/excel content with C#?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the best practice?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8398" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:43:17.213" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:43:17.213" Title="Testing pdf/excel content with C#" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12133" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-11T16:06:00.303" Score="2" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio Load Tests allow various browser to be simulated in the load presented. The available browsers are given by &quot;.browser&quot; files in directories such as (for Visual Studio 2013):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\Common7\IDE\Templates\LoadTest\Browsers&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where can I find &quot;.browser&quot; files for recent versions of popular browsers? The versions provided with Visual Studio 2013 are quite old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T20:13:05.870" Title="Where can I find &quot;.browser&quot; files for the latest browsers" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12133" CreationDate="2015-02-11T20:13:05.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I have never used the Visual Studio load test functionality I think it works in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You specify some browser types and the load testers does HTTP calls with those browser &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;user-agent&lt;/a&gt;. Its not starting a real browser to make the calls, that would be to complex and consume lots of cpu and memory. The &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997561.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;browser list on MSDN&lt;/a&gt; contains browsers you can't even install on a windows machine like Safari for iPhone. This leads me to think this assumption is correct. This is also how other load test tools work, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jMeter&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://funkload.nuxeo.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Funkload&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you only need new .browser files if the back-end server serves different kind of content to these user-agents. For example mobile content, localisation or browser specifics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The .browsers file content looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Browser Name=&quot;YOURBROWSERNAMEHERE&quot; MaxConnections=&quot;6&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;Headers&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Header Name=&quot;User-Agent&quot; Value=&quot;YOURUSERAGENTHERE&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Header Name=&quot;Accept&quot; Value=&quot;*/*&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Header Name=&quot;Accept-Language&quot; Value=&quot;{{$IEAcceptLanguage}}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Header Name=&quot;Accept-Encoding&quot; Value=&quot;GZIP&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/Headers&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/Browser&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The browser name is just a display name to select it in the GUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The header-part is what a browser sends to the webserver to agree on how the data is delivered.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The user-agent is the fingerprint of the browser, explained here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first Accept is what kind of mime-type you will fetch, explained here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.newmediacampaigns.com/blog/browser-rest-http-accept-headers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.newmediacampaigns.com/blog/browser-rest-http-accept-headers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Accept-Encoding is used to define the compression settings, explained here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_compression&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_compression&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible more header fields are supported: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to create any combination of header settings to test any different types of content you web-server is serving browsers. I do wonder if you really need load this specific, I don't think the bottle-necks are in the different type of content, but in disk-IO and networking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-02-11T20:13:05.870" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12136" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-12T06:43:17.153" Score="0" ViewCount="3472" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can able to activate the drop down and able to select the value from it sometimes but sometimes i can't able to select the option for the drop down and i am facing an timeout error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='tabstrip-2']/div[1]/span/span/span[2]/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(15000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='ddlschedule_listbox']/li[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with Command duration or timeout: 35 milliseconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11080" LastEditorUserId="11080" LastEditDate="2015-02-12T13:42:37.857" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T06:54:39.753" Title="Sometimes can't able to select the options from drop down webdriver/java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-02-18T10:25:24.627" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12164" CreationDate="2015-02-12T08:43:02.583" Score="1" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are integrating with an out sourcing team to start automating our regular test cases&#xA;What is the best type of documents to explain our scenarios to the other team? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we want to explain to them how each module work; in each scenario there are use cases, do we have to explain these use cases in details? &#xA;and what if one of those modules has a fully integration with the other modules, should the document mention everything in details? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we are documenting everything like the next example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add user [use case one]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;active user [use case two] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;search for items [use case three ] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;.&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then we list all the steps in every use case using a template, we mention all steps, involved pages, what type of users are involved&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;do you thing that is informative? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6336" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T18:22:11.673" Title="Best documentation to start with before starting Automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12136" CreationDate="2015-02-12T09:17:29.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edit: updated reply to reflect the question better.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this code, Selenium selects the value in the dropdown. Possibly important: the value is visible (no scrolling needed) when the list is shown. But I'm using the same index as you, so that should make no difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beware, I'm not sure which demo page you used, I picked this one: &lt;a href=&quot;http://demos.telerik.com/kendo-ui/dropdownlist/remotedatasource&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://demos.telerik.com/kendo-ui/dropdownlist/remotedatasource&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            IWebDriver d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            d.Manage().Window.Maximize();&#xA;            WebDriverWait w = new WebDriverWait(d, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 10));&#xA;&#xA;            d.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://demos.telerik.com/kendo-ui/dropdownlist/remotedatasource&quot;);&#xA;            d.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;span[aria-owns=\&quot;products_listbox\&quot;]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            w.Until(driver =&amp;gt; Boolean.Equals(&quot;false&quot;, d.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#products_listbox&quot;)).GetAttribute(&quot;aria-hidden&quot;)));&#xA;            d.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//ul[@id='products_listbox']/li[2]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2015-02-13T06:54:39.753" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T06:54:39.753" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12144" CreationDate="2015-02-12T10:56:00.740" Score="1" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a test controller set up to run CodedUI tests remotely from Microsoft Test Manager. This has been running without problem for months. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However two days ago for no apparent reason (nobody was really using it at the time), its started to throw this DsBind error in the event viewer every 60 seconds. We can still run CodedUI tests remotely through the controller with no issue, however I'm trying to get the controller set up so that I can run manual tests and get test impact. That hasn't been working and so I'm trying to clean up any errors that might get in the way of that task. This is the most recent and most persistent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't managed to find much information on what causes this error either so hoping that some of you have seen it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1mULN.png&quot; alt=&quot;Event viewer of Test Controller&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10961" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T15:34:41.483" Title="How can I stop the visual studio test controller from throwing Error during DsBind operation: 5" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11981" CreationDate="2015-02-12T11:45:01.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will answer my own questions if somebody else stumbles unto this same problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, there is no (simple) way for doing this. Sudslibrary is based on suds and that support only Soap 1.1. Soap 1.1 does not support authentication with certification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If possible, publish version of the service you are testing that uses basicHttpBinding ( accessible with Soap 1.1) This way you will not need the certificates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T11:45:01.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12141" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12145" CreationDate="2015-02-12T12:04:00.240" Score="6" ViewCount="74040" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on selenium, while running Java code I tried to access a text box from the web page but &lt;code&gt;selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with Command duration or timeout error&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML code for text field :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;input style=&quot;width: calc(99% - 20px);&quot; class=&quot;edit-box eb-big&quot; id=&quot;edit-box-big&quot; name=&quot;title&quot; placeholder=&quot;Job Title *&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JAVA Code to access text field :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;title&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;title&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;title&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Job Title&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error Tree :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 30.04 seconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.44.0', revision: '76d78cf', time: '2014-10-23 20:03:00'&#xA;System info: host: 'Rajesh-PC', ip: '192.168.0.149', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_31'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=true, rotatable=false, handlesAlerts=true, databaseEnabled=true, version=35.0.1, platform=WINDOWS, nativeEvents=false, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true, locationContextEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried accessing element using xpath, name and css selector but every time I am getting same message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional html code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;        &#xA;            &#xA;        &#xA;        &#xA;            &lt;h2&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;            &#xA;        &#xA;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!-- card body --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;card-body inl-blck&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;logo-card-content&quot; name=&quot;logo-card-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;body-content&quot; name=&quot;body-content&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;edit-box eb-big&quot; id=&quot;edit-box-big&quot; name=&quot;input-name&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; placeholder=&quot;Text Box&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;edit-box&quot; id=&quot;empty-edit-box&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; placeholder=&quot;Text Box&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;expand-but more-but&quot; id=&quot;job-desc-more&quot; name=&quot;more-button&quot;&amp;gt;More&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;expand-but less-but&quot; id=&quot;job-desc-less&quot; name=&quot;less-button&quot;&amp;gt;Less&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;key-value&quot; id=&quot;key-val-card&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;card-col-1&quot; name=&quot;key&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;card-col-2&quot; name=&quot;value&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;tags&quot; name=&quot;tags&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;slider&quot; id=&quot;slider&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;slider-name&quot; name=&quot;slider-name&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;slider-align&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;slider-value&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div id=&quot;slider-type&quot; name=&quot;slider-type&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;slider-value&quot; id=&quot;experience-max&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;card-body-title&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;title-card-body&quot; name=&quot;title-card-body&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;expandable-list&quot; id=&quot;expandable_list&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;ul class=&quot;el-ul&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;el-item&quot; name=&quot;el-item&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;h4 class=&quot;el-title&quot; name=&quot;card-title&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt; &amp;lt;h4 class=&quot;el-title&quot; name=&quot;card-title2&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;!-- &amp;lt;span class=&quot;el-date light-font&quot; name=&quot;card-title-right&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &#xA;                &amp;lt;span class=&quot;el-date light-font&quot; name=&quot;card-title-right_2&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inner Section on Div.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    &#xA;&#xA;    &#xA;        &#xA;        &#xA;            &#xA;                //here's code for textbox which i would like to access.&#xA;                &#xA;                &#xA;                &#xA;            &#xA;        &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;        &#xA;    &#xA;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="10782" LastEditDate="2015-02-16T07:23:04.883" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T10:27:28.567" Title="selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not currently visible" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11785" CreationDate="2015-02-12T15:09:57.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is Java the primary language used for Selenium tests?&#xA;Do you recommend it over C# ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer C# over Java mostly because Eclipse doesn't come close to Visual Studio.  For a professional Tester/Test Architect/Test Programmer Visual Studio Ultimate is the best.  However, both Ultimate and Professional editions are 100% integrated with TFS which brings ALM (Applicaiton Lifecycle Managment) into the picture.  This means that via a fantastic Bug queue the QA Team can bring a disciplined development effort by using TFS as a just a bug queue at first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there everyone will see the Agile nature of TFS and will reject it at first as is normal for Waterfall based shops.  But if the QA team can be the catalyst for getting the entire shop into Agile the benefits to the QA team are huge.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio &quot;speaks&quot; Selenium via a NUGET package download.  If you want an IDE that is the best out there then C# is the only choice.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T15:09:57.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13017" CreationDate="2015-02-12T15:31:49.827" Score="0" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestComplete&lt;/a&gt; 10.50 demo version. My screen resolution is 1366 X 768, and when I try to map objects, the highlighted objects are a little bit indented to the left from the original object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you try to add NameMapping for &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gmail.com/intl/en/mail/help/about.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;www.gmail.com&lt;/a&gt; &quot;SignIn&quot; Link, the object highlighted is at the left of the the original SignIn Link so when running &lt;code&gt;Aliases.IE_Browser.Link_GmailSignIn.Click()&lt;/code&gt;, the action goes to a wrong space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one please help ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JTIED.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11088" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-11T16:21:27.107" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T17:22:18.037" Title="Is there a specific screen resolution that should be used when Mapping objects?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12139" CreationDate="2015-02-12T15:34:41.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I`ve stumbled onto this issue a while back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What helped me was this answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Could you please cross check your test controller setup to make sure everything is ok  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh546460.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh546460.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Local machine account and domain account often doesn't work well with test agent and controller. Work around for this issue is to use Lab service account. Lab service account to used to communicate with test agents. Refer this if you had like to try - &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd692846.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd692846.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other fix related to this issue in case you`re using a VM:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;I'm pretty sure, that this Problem is related to the time change task running during log-in.&#xA;I tried this ofter log-in:&#xA;The time was changed to 5/16/13 8 a.m.&#xA;1. Changing the date to a later date. I used 7/20/12&#xA;2. Starting the Build Service in the Team Foundation Server Admin Console&#xA;optional: config Build Controller and Agent&#xA;3. Running the scheduled task again (changing the date back to 5/16/12)&lt;/em&gt; &#xA;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope these help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T15:34:41.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12141" CreationDate="2015-02-12T18:51:22.090" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This often happens when there are multiple elements that match your search and one of them is hidden and the other is not.  If it finds the element that is hidden, you will get this error.  I would search through the DOM for any other element with the name &quot;title&quot;.  You may need to provide additional information to ensure the identifier is unique and finds only a single element, or use findElements and then select the correct one from the collection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An easy way to check if there are multiple elements is to use this in the console tab of the developer tools for your browser, this is the CSS selector for name=title: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$(&quot;[name='title']&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it returns multiple elements, you know this is the problem.  If not, let me know and maybe provide the entire (or more) html and I can help figure out what is going on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T18:51:22.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-12T19:58:44.810" Score="2" ViewCount="2718" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im new to python, or coding for that matter... Currently I have a python script to select one option within the dropdown menu, but I would like my script to repeat each time and select the next option. Theres about 50 different options within the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;l1  = &quot;Hong Kong, China (Chrome, Canary, Firefox)&quot;&#xA;&#xA;urlTextBox          = &quot;url&quot;&#xA;dropdownOption      = &quot;location&quot;&#xA;submitBtn           = &quot;.//*[@id='start_test-container']/p/input&quot;&#xA;homeBtn             = &quot;.//*[@id='nav']/li[1]/a&quot;&#xA;&#xA;urlTextBoxElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).\&#xA;    until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_id(urlTextBox))&#xA;&#xA;dropdownOptionElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).\&#xA;    until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_id(dropdownOption))&#xA;&#xA;submitBtnElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).\&#xA;    until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath(submitBtn))&#xA;&#xA;urlTextBoxElement.send_keys(webTeamPage)&#xA;Select(dropdownOptionElement).select_by_visible_text(l1)&#xA;submitBtnElement.click()&#xA;time.sleep(3)&#xA;homeBtnElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).\&#xA;    until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath(homeBtn))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T21:05:28.677" Title="How do I create a loop within my selenium python script to select every option within a dropdown menu" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12146" CreationDate="2015-02-12T21:05:28.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to answer my own question, Please see script below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    urlTextBox          = &quot;url&quot;&#xA;    dropdownOption      = &quot;location&quot;&#xA;    submitBtn           = &quot;.//*[@id='start_test-container']/p/input&quot;&#xA;    homeBtn             = &quot;.//*[@id='nav']/li[1]/a&quot;&#xA;    webTeamPage = &quot;personalwebpage.com&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    select = driver.find_element_by_id(dropdownOption)  #get the select element&#xA;    options = select.find_elements_by_tag_name(&quot;option&quot;) #get all the options into a list&#xA;    optionsList = []&#xA;&#xA;    for option in options: #iterate over the options, place attribute value in list&#xA;&#xA;        optionsList.append(option.get_attribute(&quot;value&quot;))&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    for optionValue in optionsList:&#xA;&#xA;        urlTextBoxElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).\&#xA;            until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_id(urlTextBox))&#xA;&#xA;        dropdownOptionElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).\&#xA;            until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_id(dropdownOption))&#xA;&#xA;        submitBtnElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).\&#xA;            until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath(submitBtn))&#xA;&#xA;        driver.find_element_by_id(urlTextBox).clear()&#xA;        urlTextBoxElement.send_keys(webTeamPage)&#xA;        submitBtnElement.click()&#xA;        time.sleep(3)&#xA;        homeBtnElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).\&#xA;        until(lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_xpath(homeBtn))&#xA;        homeBtnElement.click()&#xA;        print &quot;starting loop on option %s&quot; % optionValue&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(dropdownOption))&#xA;        select.select_by_value(optionValue)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastActivityDate="2015-02-12T21:05:28.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12107" CreationDate="2015-02-13T10:51:30.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Googling this question gives multiple sites where there are some example questions or mock tests for preparing for ISTQB foundation level certification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They illustrate well one of the problems in this kind of certification. None of the sites I found explained why this would be the correct answer (or asked for the applicant to explain it, for that matter). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with your opinion that none of the given options is correct in itself, without any further context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastEditorUserId="2338" LastEditDate="2015-02-13T12:18:49.170" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T12:18:49.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12157" CreationDate="2015-02-13T11:57:13.910" Score="2" ViewCount="4771" Body="&lt;p&gt;My client uses simple Selenium IDE scripts for regression testing. The issue is that when the scripts are shared, people's AD usernames and passwords are shared too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to put a stop to this by having a test account created with a shared password but they're not convinced this is a better way to go because of the security risk. I realise it's the same thing as what they're doing now... but that's a different discussion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, is possible to mask the password in the IDE or call an external file with the test username and password in? I think that would convince them to provide QA with a test account and not inherit the risk of fraudulent activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Dan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2015-02-13T12:07:20.483" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T00:35:36.063" Title="Hide a password in selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12152" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12156" CreationDate="2015-02-13T13:47:34.317" Score="2" ViewCount="11363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use Python/Webdriver to run through many client websites (and subpages within those websites) and take screenshots of each page. Currently, I have this working, but all clients are in their own files. Each client has the same subpages, so scaling and adding/removing can become tedious. I want to combine all the files into one file since they all use the same pages, but different base URL (per client). For example, myfirsturl.com and mysecondurl.com both have a /subpage1, /subpage2, /subpage3, etc. I figured using some sort of loop and/or nested loop was the best way to do this, but I can't figure this out. I am brand new to automation so I have a very beginner knowledge and mentality, so please be gentle :). After each step, I want to take a screenshot and save it for manual review/validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in English, it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to client1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take/save screenshot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to client1/subpage1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take/save screenshot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to client1/subpage2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take/save screenshot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to client2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take/save screenshot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to client2/subpage1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take/save screenshot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, after that is done in, say, Firefox, do it again in Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I know how to take screenshots. My question is how can I do the above sequence with loops, taking a screenshot of each page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11100" LastEditorUserId="11100" LastEditDate="2015-02-13T18:30:34.887" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T22:39:09.947" Title="How to use Python/Webdriver to go through multiple URLs and take screenshots using loops?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-02-23T19:19:27.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12152" CreationDate="2015-02-13T22:39:09.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure it's a low level question, but based on how I understand the question this would be my suggestion. I was a beginner once too and I remember how frustrating it can be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# make a list for everything you want to loop over&#xA;browsers = [&#xA;    'chrome'&#xA;    ,'firefox'&#xA;    ]&#xA;&#xA;client_urls = [&#xA;    'www.client1.com'&#xA;    ,'www.client2.com'&#xA;    ]&#xA;&#xA;sub_pages = [&#xA;    '/subpage1'&#xA;    ,'/subpage2'&#xA;    ]&#xA;&#xA;#create a list of all clients and pages&#xA;complete_urls = [client_url + sub_page for client_url in client_urls for sub_page in sub_pages] &#xA;&#xA;#check that list in each browser&#xA;for browser in browsers:&#xA;    #insert your code for creating a new webdriver for the given browser&#xA;    for complete_url in complete_urls:&#xA;        driver.get(complete_url)&#xA;        driver.get_screenshot_as_file()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T22:39:09.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12150" CreationDate="2015-02-13T22:59:47.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Haven't tried it myself, but it appears this &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/refactoror/SelBlocks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;firefox addon SelBlocks&lt;/a&gt;  has functions called &lt;code&gt;loadXmlVars&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;loadJsonVars&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Found reference to this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27416249/selenium-ide-read-file&quot;&gt;in a similar question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GL with that client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-02-13T22:59:47.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12158" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-13T23:31:37.700" Score="1" ViewCount="6053" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to coding and Python. Not sure where exactly I should be looking to fix this error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from UIMap  import tomcat8LoginPage,tomcat8urls,competitors&#xA;&#xA;class test_Competitors(unittest):&#xA;&#xA;def setup(self, driver):&#xA;    self.driver = driver&#xA;    self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;    self.driver.get(&quot;https://qa-tomcat8.ez-touch.net/acton/account/login.jsp&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;def test_Compete(self):&#xA;    driver = self.driver&#xA;    actions = ActionChains(driver)&#xA;&#xA;    ### Log-in and navigate to Competitors page ###&#xA;    self.fill_out_field\&#xA;        (10, driver.find_element_by_id\&#xA;            (tomcat8LoginPage ['usernameField']),'username2092')&#xA;&#xA;    self.fill_out_field\&#xA;        (10, driver.find_element_by_id\&#xA;            (tomcat8LoginPage['passwordField']),'Password2092')&#xA;&#xA;    self.click\&#xA;        (10, driver.find_element_by_id\&#xA;            (tomcat8LoginPage ['loginBtn']))&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(tomcat8urls ['newUIurl'])&#xA;&#xA;    self. click\&#xA;        (10, driver.find_element_by_xpath\&#xA;            (competitors ['inboundMenu']))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T14:20:15.287" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T01:26:58.713" Title="TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases module.__init__() takes at most 2 arguments (3 given)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12091" CreationDate="2015-02-14T08:03:58.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't be too worried about application-specific questions. Unless you have prior experience in the same business (cash mgmt &amp;amp; co), interview questions are meant to figure out if you know your stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know your stuff? Then don't tense up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they using the same tools you have experience with? Great, you'll have a lot to tell.&#xA;Are they using differen tools? No problem, tell them what you can do with other tools and about your general programming skills, and how you could transfer this knowledge onto their tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can answer most testing/theoretical/technical inquiries with (1) what you know, (2) what you've already accomplished (and how) and (3) what you see yourself capable of in the future.&#xA;The first two are easy, and the latter should be if you're somewhat ambitious. You can always refresh some QA theory beforehand. Also don't be afraid to be honest and mention, next to your strong qualities, what you don't know (but are willing to learn).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-02-14T08:03:58.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12158" CreationDate="2015-02-14T14:27:48.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if i know how you got your error. But i have faced this error lot of times and to me looks like its the same. I don't have enough reputation to comment and ask but still would like to answer it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem in your code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are trying to inherit from unittest which is a MODULE and not a CLASS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; import unittest&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; class A(unittest):&#xA;...     def A(self):&#xA;...        print(&quot;Something...&quot;)&#xA;... &#xA;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;  File &quot;&amp;lt;stdin&amp;gt;&quot;, line 1, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases&#xA;    module.__init__() takes at most 2 arguments (3 given)&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This shows all the attributes of the module :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; dir(unittest)&#xA;['FunctionTestCase', 'TestCase', 'TestLoader', 'TestProgram', 'TestResult', 'TestSuite', 'TextTestRunner', '_CmpToKey', '_TextTestResult', '_WritelnDecorator', '__all__', '__author__', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__email__', '__file__', '__metaclass__', '__name__', '__package__', '__unittest', '__version__', '_makeLoader', '_strclass', 'defaultTestLoader', 'findTestCases', 'getTestCaseNames', 'main', 'makeSuite', 'os', 'sys', 'time', 'traceback', 'types']&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you want to imherit a class like &quot;TestCase&quot; and not &quot;unittest&quot; itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try help(unittest) in python inyterpreter and you will get to know a lot about unittest .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a simple usage of unittest copied from the help :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class IntegerArithmenticTestCase(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    def testAdd(self):  ## test method names begin 'test*'&#xA;        self.assertEquals((1 + 2), 3)&#xA;        self.assertEquals(0 + 1, 1)&#xA;    def testMultiply(self):&#xA;        self.assertEquals((0 * 10), 0)&#xA;        self.assertEquals((5 * 8), 40)&#xA;&#xA;if __name__ == '__main__':&#xA;    unittest.main()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11108" LastEditorUserId="11108" LastEditDate="2015-02-14T14:36:36.533" LastActivityDate="2015-02-14T14:36:36.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12162" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-14T18:20:05.173" Score="1" ViewCount="3802" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to send email using Selenium , but I failed to locate the &lt;em&gt;To&lt;/em&gt; field and &lt;em&gt;email body&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This my code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public  void createEmail(){&#xA;&#xA;      WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;      driver.get(&quot;http://gmail.com/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;myUsername&quot;);;&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;myPassword&quot;);;&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;signIn&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;      driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(40, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;      // create the Email&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;span.gb_7.gbii&quot;)).click();&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;gb_71&quot;)).click();   &#xA;      driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;to&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11110" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-16T13:32:10.017" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T13:36:10.667" Title="Send email in Gmail using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2015-02-18T10:21:26.610" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12102" CreationDate="2015-02-15T02:22:20.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you are the only one in the company interviewing these candidates, stick with what you know. That's probably why your company asked you in the first place - because you know something about software development or how developers interact with testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't&lt;/strong&gt; try to ask a bunch of questions that random people recommend. &lt;strong&gt;Don't&lt;/strong&gt; ask a bunch of questions that you don't have experience with and the interviewee can just BS because you can't tell he difference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do&lt;/strong&gt; ask questions that might help you understand the way they work, how well they might fit in with the company culture, how they might deal with particular problems the company has dealt with, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your company probably isn't assuming you're a master programming or tester nor are they likely assuming you are skilled in management so don't over reach. If you've got the time come up with some questions you think are important and run them by the person / persons who asked you to sit in the interviews. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T02:22:20.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12137" CreationDate="2015-02-15T02:31:32.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best advice I can give you is to &lt;strong&gt;ask&lt;/strong&gt; the other team what information they need to be &lt;strong&gt;successful&lt;/strong&gt;. I've been in the opposite position where I'm supposed to automate tests others have made. Aside from this being a bad practice, creating too detailed documents or creating the wrong details will only waste both of your teams time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Send over what you have now, what you've created and then see what they respond with. You'll never know until you ask. They might want something closer to BDD specs then actual tests. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T02:31:32.933" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12102" CreationDate="2015-02-15T16:48:52.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should check with the hiring manager about your role on the interview team.  If I were asking you to interview managers, I'd be looking for your perspective on how this person will lead you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open ended behavioral questions are good, especially if they lead to a story.  Some questions that come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tell me about when you successfully mentored someone.  Tell me about&#xA;an unsuccessful mentor relationship. What happened? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you interact with your team members? (looking for staff meetings, status reports, 1:1 sessions, open door policy, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are your expectations of your team? What is the most important characteristic of a successful software engineer?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've experienced any kind of problem with work or projects, you might want to ask how the prospective manager would handle the situation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T16:48:52.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12128" CreationDate="2015-02-15T16:54:08.337" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would open a new bug, and refer to the old one.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also have a conversation with the development team about the duplication, more than just reporting the bug a second time.  They might not have fixed the true root cause the first time, or you are doing something that they don't expect in your testing.  A conversation could lead to better learning across the board (in addition to the bug report)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T16:54:08.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12100" CreationDate="2015-02-15T19:37:55.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a quick and dirty method that will be fragile and perform poorly, but will allow you to get your test working,  open the page in Firefox, open the development tools, find the element in the source viewer, right click, and there should be an option to create an XPath query. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just noticed the &quot;contains&quot; in the question, if that's important then ignore this answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastEditorUserId="609" LastEditDate="2015-02-15T19:50:22.250" LastActivityDate="2015-02-15T19:50:22.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12169" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-16T08:22:23.727" Score="3" ViewCount="2224" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good morning,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm on my final semester on my BSc in Information Systems. As a part of this semester, me and two colleges are working on a project with a large company providing services mostly based on the &lt;strong&gt;SharePoint&lt;/strong&gt; platform. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our task is to revise their testing process, with focus on &lt;strong&gt;testing the responsive design&lt;/strong&gt; of their SharePoint solutions, i.e. solutions run in browsers on different OS and different devices with different screen sizes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions is therefore regarding design testing. I've been reading up on the general software testing process, from test case design to script writing. I can not seem to understand &lt;em&gt;how (responsive) design testing is different from the &quot;general&quot; software testing process, if any?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, I've been looking at numerous products that might aid the responsive design test process. This product in particular  caught my eye:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/responsive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.browserstack.com/responsive&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a professional point of view, &lt;em&gt;would this product be viable for responsive design testing in a large company environment? Is there a more viable option?&lt;/em&gt; I know this question is vague, but I am simply looking for a professional opinion on this, since I have no professional experience with software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, as @milinpatel17 &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/10098/responsive-website-testing-tools&quot;&gt;stated in his answer to this question&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No matter which emulator or tool you use, it will never give you&#xA;  proper result as the original device. The reason behind this being the&#xA;  difference in the environment. The environment, that is, the hardware&#xA;  and software that a PC operates on is different than the one's of a&#xA;  phone. Hence, the browsers are also different and they render webpages&#xA;  and their content in a different way. The emulators running on your&#xA;  computer will try to give you as close results to a phone as possible&#xA;  but never the actual result as you will get on phones. So sometimes&#xA;  all the emulators will do is change the screen resolution but it will&#xA;  not render the script as a mobile browser would.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that the &lt;strong&gt;best&lt;/strong&gt; way to test your products and solutions is on actual devices. &lt;em&gt;Is this actually applied in practice? Are emulated environments the second best solution?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;To sum up my questions&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is (responsive) design testing different from the &quot;general&quot;&#xA;software testing process, if any?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Would &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com/responsive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; be viable for responsive design testing in a&#xA;large company environment? Is there a more viable option?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are companies testing their solution on every possible handheld&#xA;device, tablet etc. in practice? Are emulated environments the second&#xA;best solution?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11113" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T16:37:57.530" Title="Testing responsive design" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12141" CreationDate="2015-02-16T08:29:56.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This code worked for me as I used following code to locate element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@id='edit-box-big' and @placeholder='Job Title *']&quot;)).click()&#xA;&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@placeholder,'Job Title']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T10:27:28.567" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T10:27:28.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12169" CreationDate="2015-02-16T08:34:59.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically when you are going to test responsive design then make sure it works in all resolutions , Os , browsers and devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing diff. is just only one that you must focus on layout that how each and every element display in diff environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are lots of tool available on market which can help you to do responsive design testing but according to my experience Nothing is better than actual devices for tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, If we talk about devices availability , If you have only 1-2 Ios devices then those are enough to test that how design working in Ios devices because Ios has really good standard way for all its devices  , so by just checking in 1-2 Ios devices you can make sure that it will work perfect in all Ios devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when we talk about android devices , you will have to check in diff. company devices because for ex: Design which works proper in Samsung device , will may not work proper in sony Xperia device . so here it require huge collection of devices for perfect testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any company , if they say responsive it means design will work in all environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-02-16T08:40:45.623" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T08:40:45.623" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12172" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12173" CreationDate="2015-02-16T10:48:26.377" Score="1" ViewCount="1177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to check the status code of a URL by reading the URL from a CSV file and &quot;hitting it&quot; with a browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I achieve this functionality? Are there any tools for that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:10:31.380" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T04:50:02.020" Title="Are there any tools to test whether the response code is not equal to 404 or etc by reading the URLs from a CSV file" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12172" CreationDate="2015-02-16T11:05:33.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simplest would probably be to list your links in HTML format, and then run that page through a link checker tool. &lt;a href=&quot;http://wummel.github.io/linkchecker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's an open source example&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another solution is to set up a testing project in Visual Studio (or a similar environment). You can provide source data in CSV format, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23469100/how-to-run-a-test-many-times-with-data-read-from-csv-file-data-driving&quot;&gt;see this topic&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;It's fairly easy to have Selenium (or Coded UI) open the webpage and check the contents for a 404 message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T11:05:33.260" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12169" CreationDate="2015-02-16T11:11:27.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Response dive design testing; as the name suggests its about testing how a piece of software responds to various platforms and screen sizes. Platforms may include hardware, os and browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example; you are testing a website then you may find that the design is not the same in Firefox I stalled in Linux or Mac OS than that in windows. Similarly you will have to see the design is consistent on various other browsers and OS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you will have to see how the design responds on various handheld devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say large company, I guess they can set up a responsive design test lab, where they can purchase and maintain various different handheld device which developers and testers can use for testing. If they find its not feasible then you can go for Xmind for iOS and android SDK for emulators. If that too doesn't work then you can go for browserstack and purchase a license, but it requires a very high speed internet connection otherwise you will be testing a single page on a single devices for more than an hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plus various OS instances can be installed on developer and tester's system in virtual machines. You can use software like VMware or virtual box for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T11:11:27.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12162" CreationDate="2015-02-16T12:19:22.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try this, I found in another post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;to&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;to&quot;).sendKeys(&quot;data&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The TO field is a textarea. Adding .clear() seems to set the focus correctly, maybe there are other ways to give the textarea focus first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11970240/how-to-change-text-in-textarea-with-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11970240/how-to-change-text-in-textarea-with-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T13:36:10.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12172" CreationDate="2015-02-16T12:31:04.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Or just code it in your favorite language- Python, Perl, JAVA etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I estimate it in less than an hour of coding, verifying it and having a cup of coffee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T12:31:04.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12169" CreationDate="2015-02-16T14:31:56.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you have question about usability, you will not go wrong starting your search from useit.com website by Jacob Nielsen and his group, which provides whitepapers (and free summaries) about usability testing for more than a decade. Treasure-trove of good information, stuff like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.useit.com/articles/responsive-web-design-definition/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Responsive Web Design (RWD) and User Experience&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.useit.com/articles/responsive-design-intranets/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Responsive Design and Intranets and Importance of Content Prioritizatio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.useit.com/articles/5-reasons-for-responsive-design-intranet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;5 Reasons to Redesign Your Intranet Using Responsive Design, and 4 Reasons Not To&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your company has budget, you can but whitepapers and get more professional advice than you can get from random well meaning folks from internet like I am. If you don't have budget, read the free summaries :-) and subscribe to newsletter. Highly recommended reading, I follow it since forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T14:31:56.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12172" CreationDate="2015-02-16T15:20:22.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A nice automation question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question has already been asked on Stack Overflow, in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17637061/check-the-server-response-code-then-export-to-csv&quot;&gt;Check the server response code, then export to csv&lt;/a&gt;. I don't know how good your &lt;em&gt;python&lt;/em&gt; coding skills are, but most of the code is given on that page. It seems to aim to achieve exactly what you want to do. It probably will need tidying up and debugging first though :-( However, as &lt;em&gt;rSF&lt;/em&gt; suggests, it should only take an hour or two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import csv&#xA;&#xA;with open(&quot;urls.csv&quot;, 'r') as csvfile:&#xA;    urls = [row[0] for row in csv.reader(csvfile)]&#xA;&#xA;import urllib2&#xA;for url in urls:&#xA;    try:&#xA;        connection = urllib2.urlopen(url)&#xA;        print connection.getcode()&#xA;        connection.close()&#xA;    except urllib2.HTTPError, e:&#xA;        print e.getcode()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside, there is an online tool of the same functionality, &lt;a href=&quot;http://httpstatus.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Status Code Checker&lt;/a&gt;, although &lt;s&gt;coding that up&lt;/s&gt; using that programatically is probably more trouble than it is worth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10697" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T15:27:48.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2015-02-16T16:25:45.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't say which platform you are running on, but if you are running on Linux or Mac OS X, then you could use &lt;code&gt;cron&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The combination of Selenium and crontab has been asked about, and answered, on SE Stack Overflow a number of times already. Check out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20575751/execute-python-selenium-script-in-crontab&quot;&gt;Execute Python (selenium )script in crontab&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23908319/run-selenium-with-crontab-python&quot;&gt;Run selenium with crontab (python)&lt;/a&gt;, and;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11225698/cron-job-to-run-selenium-2-test-suite&quot;&gt;Cron job to run Selenium 2 test Suite&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10697" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T16:25:45.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12181" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-16T17:31:11.750" Score="4" ViewCount="17318" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been interviewing for a &quot;Test Automation Lead&quot; position and in the last two companies I was asked to &lt;em&gt;design&lt;/em&gt; a test framework for a given system during the interview. I didn't quite pull it off during the interviews, so here's what I was able to come up with so far. I'd appreciate any feedback or thoughts on the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem Statement&lt;/strong&gt;: Consider a credit card billing system that generates&#xA;  bills based on customer credit-card usage data and sends these bills&#xA;  out to the customers via email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There's an admin website where an admin can (after logging in) choose&#xA;  the billing period (e.g. current month, last month, or any arbitrary&#xA;  from_date and to_date) and then click a button to generate bills. This&#xA;  form submit (button-click) makes a REST call (say an HTTP POST) with&#xA;  &quot;from_date&quot; and &quot;to_date&quot; as URL query parameters to a server. This&#xA;  REST call triggers the bill generation batch process. The batch&#xA;  process queries a MySQL DB and generates the bills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The bills are formatted as simple HTML tables that are mailed to all the relevant customers&#xA;  in the DB for the given time period. Each bill contains details like&#xA;  total dues and minimum payment amount and the payment due date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Give an outline of how you would design and structure your test automation&#xA;  framework. What classes and class-hierarchies do you foresee, what&#xA;  helper classes might you use? Your design should ideally be DRY and&#xA;  avoid code duplication. When you start writing performance tests, can&#xA;  your framework reuse your existing functional test code to some&#xA;  extent? How would you add UI (e.g. Selenium-based) tests to your existing functional-verification framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component-level testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started talking about how I would test components in isolation first (I guess I like to think bottom-up tackling the easier sub-problems first). I would have a BillingRestHelper class that would abstract the lower-level details of making the HTTP call into a method sort of like &quot;def trigger_billing(from_date, to_date)&quot; which would return the HTTP status (200/400/403 etc). I'd then run data-driven tests for various input/output combinations and assert accordingly for +ve and -ve test cases. At this purely-REST-level I am not concerned with the correctness of the bills or even if they actually generate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For just the UI-level, I would have some Selenium-based framework that would check element positioning, login/logout, ability to submit the biling form, catch any JS errors etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assumed that the batch process could take hours or more for a real-world situation where a bank might have millions of customers. So to make things simple initially, I would have a well-controlled test environment consisting of credit-card transaction data for just 10 fake/sample customers in my test DB for the batch process. So after I trigger the billing generation, I don't have to sleep for hours (potentially) to wait for the emails to be sent out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd set my test-DB to an initial state from some well-known SQL file that will generate fixed, pre-determined billing data (that I can assert on later). Then I'd start up the billing server against this test-DB before actually triggering any billing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the 10 emails for 10 test-customers are sent to their test-email-accounts, I would programmatically login to email, open the bill HTML, assert on pre-known correct values of total amount due, due date etc.&#xA;This would test the correctness of the actual bill generation+mailer component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;end-to-end tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would then work on end-to-end tests that start from Selenium, all the way to verifying correctness of the generated bills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nonfunctional tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I would design and run perf-tests and tests against realistic data with lots of customers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;class design?!?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seemed to be okay but didn't impress the interviewer, who was looking for a high-level class design. I think he wanted to see which class inherits from what, do I use interfaces or abstract classes, or something like that. I'm not from a Java background, and I haven't really built my Ruby+Rspec/Python+PyTest-based test frameworks in a top-down manner like this before. I consider too much OOP and design patterns to be overkill for most test frameworks where a few solid specs (Rspec style) can do the job easily and quickly (but I could be wrong). Comments on this are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I muttered something about a SQLHelper class for setup that would load the well-known test data into MySQL. An EmailHelper class for handling all aspects of email. A BillVerifier class for doing the verification of the actual bill data from the email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This didn't go too well and I want to learn how to solve this kind of problem in an interview situation :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Help!&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I've been trying to google this: how to design a test automation framework for a given system, but haven't found much yet. Could someone please point me to any well-known or well-designed test automation suites for any opensource project on Github? Are there any relevant resources elsewhere on the Web, or even better, could someone directly help with the given billing-system problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6444" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2015-02-17T14:54:13.060" LastActivityDate="2018-03-29T17:28:27.050" Title="Design a Test Automation Framework for A Given 'XYZ' System?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12137" CreationDate="2015-02-16T18:22:11.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I want to echo milinpatel17 's answer. &#xA;If they are not cooperating NOW, at the start of the process when people should be psyched about it (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.1000advices.com/guru/project_mgmt_7phases.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.1000advices.com/guru/project_mgmt_7phases.html&lt;/a&gt; ), how would they be a few month into the project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically to your question: If you give them the scripts you now run manually, you will get an automated version of the scripts. But this is not efficient and not scalable. What you want is to re-think the test strategy with automation in mind. Think of types of actions you need automated (later, a number of actions will be put together into tests). This way the automation framework will be more modular, and allow you to bundle a number of action calls in a row into a test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think also in term of flows: The automation system should help you create possible flows through the system. Some of these flows are the tests you already have. But you don't have a whole lot since scripting flows for manual testing take a long time. If your automation system has flow building blocks (these are the &quot;actions&quot; mentioned above), and a way to specify a number of these via a text file, you now have a way to create many more flows than you had before, and can find all kind of assumptions the developers did on the order in which things HAVE to be in order to work well.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to compare your situation to Disney's &quot;the sorcerer's apprentice&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8gOh0wEgLg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8gOh0wEgLg&lt;/a&gt;). Is moving water from one place to another is best done with - albeit automated - pails? Automation allows you to think of totally different ways to achieve the same result. A pipe and a pump for example - which is way more efficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11070" LastActivityDate="2015-02-16T18:22:11.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12183" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-16T21:40:51.170" Score="1" ViewCount="973" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are building server side GCM and ApplePush application. And I need any ideas on how to perform load testing of our server against GCM and real devices. Sure, I can get 10 or 20 android phones and just spam them. But if there is way to simulate bunch of devices and get stats it would be realy great.&#xA;My real scenario is to push aboun 1mln messages per day(don't bother we a ready to the volume), and I want to be sure that we are doing things right&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also would be appriciat of any ideas in functional testing, mainly hits-and-tricks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same questions for ApplePush.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10937" LastActivityDate="2015-06-17T08:11:20.690" Title="Ideas of load testing Android Push server side application" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9348" CreationDate="2015-02-16T23:50:24.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id&quot;));&#xA;Select listBox = new Select(selectElement);&#xA;int size1 = listBox.getOptions().size();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11121" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-17T14:42:44.447" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T14:42:44.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12183" CreationDate="2015-02-17T04:50:04.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know and according to my experience with load testing , When you are going to test any mobile application, you will need to put load on web service of particular function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For load testing I recommend you to use : &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter-Load testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For functionality testing you can use : &lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selendroid&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above all are open sources. If you want to do load testing of 1000+ users then you can use cloud system. There are many good provides available. In my mind best is : &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Blaze meter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For layout testing I recommend you check app. in real diff. devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T04:50:04.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6889" CreationDate="2015-02-17T08:48:01.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The ISO 9126 has some kind of templates for its own implementation: metrics that can be used for each quality characteristics, guidelines for the measurement process and usage of the standard. You will need a full version of the standard to get it, because these are rarely described in the comments on the standard. So buy it, or grab a copy in your company if they bought it already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, even with the standard recommendations it is not easy to implement it practically. For a real-world implementation, you probably have to fall back on specific tools. I know that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.squoring.com/en/produits/tableau-de-bord-squore/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQuORE&lt;/a&gt; implements it, but other products may have an implementation of the ISO 9126 (or even ISO/IEC 250xx) too. In those cases, you rely on the company's knowledge and experience to fill the gap between the standard's definition and its actual implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that the SQALE quality assessment method provides interesting and practical templates, and it is based on the ISO 9126 standard for the quality model. As for open-source software, SonarQube proposes something quite close, but IMHO not as complete as the aforementioned proprietary tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://dashboard.castalia.camp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PolarSys maturity assessment&lt;/a&gt; initiative also defines its product quality according to the ISO 9126 quality attributes, and uses open-source stuff only (Disclaimer: I'm a contributor to this last project).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9418" LastActivityDate="2015-02-17T08:48:01.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-17T12:22:49.790" Score="1" ViewCount="1131" Body="&lt;p&gt;CSS style sheet: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;background: url(&quot;/olam/images/brand30/usage_meter/green-vertical.png&quot;) repeat-x scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to retrieve the URL, tried using below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String cssValue = driver.findelement(by.xpath).getCssValue(&quot;background&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(driver.findelement(by.xpath).getCssValue(&quot;background&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still unable to retrieve the background value, i am getting Null value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11128" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-02-18T14:21:25.033" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T14:21:25.033" Title="Retrieve the CSS value using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-17T19:30:35.623" Score="1" ViewCount="2810" Body="&lt;p&gt;Project structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebTeam&#xA;    __init__.py&#xA;    BasePage.py&#xA;    UIMap.py&#xA;&#xA;Pages:&#xA;    __init__.py&#xA;    Common.py&#xA;    ContactPage.py&#xA;&#xA;test:&#xA;    __init__.py&#xA;    CompetitorsTest.py&#xA;    CreateAnonData.py&#xA;    CreateKnownData.py&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import unittest&#xA;import time&#xA;&#xA;from selenium                                       import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui                  import WebDriverWait&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains        import ActionChains&#xA;from BasePage                                       import BasePage&#xA;from UIMap                                          import tomcat8LoginPage, tomcat8urls, competitors&#xA;&#xA;class test_Competitors(unittest.TestCase, BasePage):&#xA;&#xA;def setup(self):&#xA;    self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;    self.driver.get(tomcat8urls ['loginPageTomcat8'])&#xA;&#xA;def test_Compete(self):&#xA;    driver = self.driver&#xA;    actions = ActionChains(driver)&#xA;&#xA;    ### Log-in and navigate to Competitors page ###&#xA;    self.fill_out_field\&#xA;        (&quot;id&quot;,&#xA;            tomcat8LoginPage ['usernameField'],'username2092')&#xA;&#xA;    self.fill_out_field\&#xA;        (&quot;id&quot;,&#xA;            tomcat8LoginPage['passwordField'],'Password2092')&#xA;&#xA;    self.click\&#xA;        (&quot;id&quot;,&#xA;            tomcat8LoginPage ['loginBtn'])&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(tomcat8urls ['newUIurl'])&#xA;&#xA;    self. click\&#xA;        (&quot;xpath&quot;,&#xA;            competitors ['inboundMenu'])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the latest error I have gotten:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;  File &quot;CompetitorsTest.py&quot;, line 18, in test_Compete&#xA;  driver = self.driver&#xA;AttributeError: 'test_Competitors' object has no attribute 'driver'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T03:57:23.853" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T05:34:16.973" Title="Setting up Page Objects with python and seem to be getting every error possible" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12193" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-18T06:10:53.957" Score="4" ViewCount="396" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are very few tools available for WINCE Automation. We are running apps on devices running WINCE OS. Looking for pointers/learning's from folks who have done WINCE Automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tools Analysis?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pros / Cons of Evaluated Tools?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tool Recommendation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blogs/Pointers for the same if available? Answers from MS SDET folks from their product testing would also be very useful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-16T13:50:12.097" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T00:58:33.817" Title="WINCE Automation Tools, Looking for Learnings from Implementation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12193" CreationDate="2015-02-18T09:37:42.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe not the best or the most beautiful solution, but it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can install a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Network_Computing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VNC&lt;/a&gt; server on the device and then drive a test with a VNC-robot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WinCE VNC server: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smartlab.at/mobilevnc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.smartlab.at/mobilevnc/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;T-Plan VNC Robot: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.t-plan.com/robot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.t-plan.com/robot/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OpenSource version of VNC Robot: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/tplanrobot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sourceforge.net/projects/tplanrobot/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the WinCE development community is small and not many resources and or tools are available, Goodluck with finding a solid solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T09:37:42.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12190" CreationDate="2015-02-18T11:49:09.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/colors.html#propdef-background&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;background&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/about.html#shorthand&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;shorthand&lt;/em&gt; property&lt;/a&gt;. It's really just a convenient way of writing a bunch of real properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#getCssValue(java.lang.String)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;According to the JavaDoc&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;getCssValue()&lt;/code&gt; cannot retrieve shorthand properties. you have to ask for the individual properties, like &lt;code&gt;background-image&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;background-color&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2015-02-18T11:49:09.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12197" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-18T14:37:44.107" Score="0" ViewCount="4888" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to open a webpage and select options before submitting the form. The issue I am having is being able to selecting more than one option in the select box. Eventually I want to be able to deselect an option as well and submit the the form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A snippet of the relevant html and python code is below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Snippet of html:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select size=&quot;10&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$MainContent$lbCommodity&quot; multiple=&quot;multiple&quot; id=&quot;ctl00_MainContent_lbCommodity&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;101&quot;&amp;gt;Wheat - HRW&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;102&quot;&amp;gt;Wheat - SRW&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;103&quot;&amp;gt;Wheat - HRS&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;104&quot;&amp;gt;Wheat - White&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;105&quot;&amp;gt;Wheat - Durum&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://apps.fas.usda.gov/esrquery/esrq.aspx&quot;)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//select[@name='ctl00$MainContent$lbCommodity']/option[@value='801']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11139" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-19T18:27:33.150" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T03:59:22.863" Title="Selecting multiple options and deselecting options using Selenium with python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12197" CreationDate="2015-02-18T14:54:17.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;read up on Select object - &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/en/latest/api.html?highlight=select#module-selenium.webdriver.support.select&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/en/latest/api.html?highlight=select#module-selenium.webdriver.support.select&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use IDs or names, or even CSS before XPATH. Best practices, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work/8491#8491&quot;&gt;explained here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T18:54:08.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12201" CreationDate="2015-02-19T03:48:17.710" Score="2" ViewCount="1343" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain clearly timeline for different types of testing.&#xA;Where does Integration, Load, Stress testing and acceptance testing fit in?&#xA;when are test plan for each of them is prepared (and what these test plans are based on eg. design, analysis, requirements)?&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;It would be helpful to know where different types(performance, usability, regression etcetra) fit into levels(Integration, system, acceptance).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11145" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:04:17.320" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:04:17.320" Title="Comprehensive software testing timeline" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12200" CreationDate="2015-02-19T04:18:33.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each and every testing timeline is based on requirements , design and development size.It depends on project size, complexity etc. Also remember that not every project require all type of testing. So as a tester first of all it should be clear that which type of testing we will do for this particular project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test plan is always first step , So once requirement fixed you can start to create test plan. Testing can be start once design/development gets ready but you can create test plan once requirement fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test plan can contain following things as per &quot;Standard for Software Test Documentation’&#xA;(IEEE 829) :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 - Introduction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 - Objective &amp;amp; Tasks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 - Scope&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4 - Testing Strategy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;5 - Hardware Requirements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;6 - Environment Requirements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7 - Test Schedule&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;8 - Features to Be Tested&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;9 - Features Not to Be Tested&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;10 - Resources/Roles &amp;amp; Responsibilities&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;11 - Dependencies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;12 - Risks/Assumptions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;13 - Tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;14 - Approvals&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;15 - References&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each and every step should have very detail description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression testing can be done only when software is modified OR any new function added to software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;System testing is testing of whole system , If you do system testing then no need to do regression testing because you are checking everything so regression automation will be done here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acceptance testing can be done once all development completes , It is just comparison between your developed software and given requirement document to get confidence about level of quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usability mostly done at last to ensure that how easy system is to use.It can be done by end user also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing can be done if you require. You can do this to just know that how capable your system is if load comes on it. For ex: what will happen if my website will have traffic of 10K users in 2 hour. Mostly it can be done for large websites where possibilities of traffic is high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All I have provided above based on your given details in question. You have not describe that what type of system you are going to test so I provided answer as per my experience and on general base. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-02-19T04:24:58.780" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T04:24:58.780" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12203" CreationDate="2015-02-19T06:46:30.657" Score="-2" ViewCount="15147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing an automation testing framework using Selenium. I am trying to Locate which element my cursor is pointing to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for eg. there are two textbox &lt;code&gt;textbox1&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;textbox2&lt;/code&gt;. If I perform a tab swift operation in java to move focus form &lt;code&gt;textbox1&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;textbox2&lt;/code&gt; such that now &lt;code&gt;textbox2&lt;/code&gt; is at focus and the cursor position is moved, so is their any way to find in java whether the focus is actually shifted or not..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually try finding element such as,&lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;css&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt;.eg&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login_error&quot;)).getText().equals(&quot;Please enter Valid Data&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but finding by cursor is a new  challenge for me which I am not getting through.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;thanks in advance      &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-15T13:51:20.910" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T11:32:28.747" Title="Get element by cursor position in selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12202" CreationDate="2015-02-19T07:38:10.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To find out if a specific element has focus, call &lt;code&gt;element.equals(driver.switchTo().activeElement())&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17025282/selenium-check-if-a-webelement-has-the-focus&quot;&gt;More info in this topic.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T07:38:10.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12204" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12207" CreationDate="2015-02-19T07:51:27.900" Score="0" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Automation Testing. While writing an automation script using Selenium I am facing some issues. I have 7 Test Cases of which 2 Test Cases are repeatedly failing but when I check those cases manually they are giving expected results and passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused about these scenarios, as there are minor changes in these test cases, I am posting both pass and fail test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Passed Test Case&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(&quot;Scenario S1= Both Textfields Empty&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email_box&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email_box&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password_box&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password_box&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login_button&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000*2);&#xA;if(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login_error&quot;)).getText().equals(&quot;Please enter Valid Data&quot;))&#xA; {      System.out.println(&quot;S1:- Pass:Expected Error msg&quot;);    }&#xA;  else&#xA;  {     System.out.println(&quot;S1:-Fail:-Error not shown for both fields empty&quot;);      }&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;driver.navigate().refresh();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Failed Test Case&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //Scenario 4 invalid email-id using click special char&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Scenario S4= E-mail Id With Special Char &amp;amp; Blank Password&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email_box&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email_box&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;1#$%^&amp;amp;*()@%&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login_button&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000*2);&#xA;if(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login_error&quot;)).getText().equals(&quot;Please enter Valid Data&quot;)&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username_error&quot;)).getText().equals(&quot;Please enter a valid email&quot;))&#xA;{   System.out.println(&quot;S4:-Pass:Expected Error&quot;);    }&#xA;else&#xA;{   System.out.println(&quot;S4:-Fail&quot;);     }&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;driver.navigate().refresh();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-03T10:51:52.303" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T01:54:59.533" Title="Conflict in Automation testing and Manual testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12205" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-19T08:39:07.447" Score="0" ViewCount="484" Body="&lt;p&gt;Issue: A code change to how our Instagram feed works on the Y page resulted in a memory overflow under production traffic volume, that did not occur in lower (QA / Preview) traffic volume. When the overflow occurred, an AEM bug was triggered that wrote data to large files on the disk. These files grew to exceed disk capacity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was identified as disk space to be the problem. Hence, expanded it and sent it and later disk space exceeded again. Disk space was expanded again to fix the incident. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Query:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How good is Selenium at rapidly executing a script? The thought is, can this kind of issue be tested using selenium? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can 'Volume Testing' be performed using Selenium?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11146" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-19T09:06:10.693" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T09:06:10.693" Title="Volume Testing Using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12205" CreationDate="2015-02-19T08:52:33.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No , you can not do performance testing using selenium. Selenium is for functionality testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For performance testing please use : &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter for load testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T08:52:33.017" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12204" CreationDate="2015-02-19T09:16:51.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your test is failing and printing &quot;S4:-Fail&quot;? Double check the error messages on the site against the ones in your if clause. It may be failing because of trailing whitespace or something else not easily noticeable by eye. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this is a good chance to start using asserts to avoid this problem altogether. The great thing about using assertEquals is that it will show the expected and actual values when the assertion fails. This will solve the problem you currently face; your test is failing and you can't see why. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.junit.Assert&#xA;&#xA;String expectedLoginError = &quot;Please enter Valid Data&quot;;&#xA;String actualLoginError = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login_error&quot;)).getText()&#xA;String expectedUsernameError = &quot;Please enter a valid email&quot;;&#xA;String actualUsernameError = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username_error&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(&quot;The login error does not match&quot;, expectedLoginError, actualLoginError);&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(&quot;The username error does not match&quot;, expectedUsernameError , actualUsernameError)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T09:16:51.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12209" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-19T13:52:35.203" Score="5" ViewCount="578" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to configure RFT 8.6 with the installed browsers but getting errors while doing it, below are the configurations details of my setup followed up with the error I am facing...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RFT 8.6 on Windows 7 Professional SP1 ( 64bit)&#xA;JRE : 1.7.0 (C:\Program Files (x86)\IBM\SDP\jdk\jre\lib)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browser: Firefox 31.4 ESR and IE11&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem: 1. It is failing in diagnostic test while trying to test FF, below is content from &amp;quot;Details&amp;quot; tab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;____________________________________________________________________________&#xA;Java Enabled&#xA;  Java Enabled In Browser = false&#xA;JVM Information&#xA;    JVM Version = Error&#xA;    JVM Vendor = Error&#xA;General Enablement Information&#xA;    Bootstrap Loaded = Error&#xA;    Java2TestDomainImplementation Loaded = Error&#xA;    HtmlTestDomainImplementation Loaded = Error&#xA;    HtmlTestDomainImplementation Name = Netscape&#xA;____________________________________________________________________________&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem 2: It if failing to while trying to enable it from RFT &amp;gt; Enable environment', it is showing error message &lt;code&gt;' Failed to enable the browser. Browser location is c:\Program files\internet explorer'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11150" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T05:27:13.150" LastActivityDate="2021-04-06T10:00:00.213" Title="RFT 8.6 : Failed to enable Firefox31.4 ESR and IE11 browser with JRE 1.7 on Windows 7 Professional SP1 ( 64bit)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12172" CreationDate="2015-02-19T14:56:42.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that you should be able to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for it. JMeter acts on protocol level so in any case it will be faster than using a browser. Besides JMeter is designed for load testing so you will be able to check all the URLs in matter of seconds. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Components you'll need are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65138-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-02-19T14:56:42.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11533" CreationDate="2015-02-20T09:46:57.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use the Easyredmine package for our Redmine installation, so I don't know if this is different in &quot;basic&quot; Redmine. When you define workflow permissions, you have the option to omit unwanted statuses on the &quot;status transitions&quot; matrix. Those omitted statuses aren't shown to the user depending on their group permissions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DuguK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6985" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T09:46:57.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-20T10:09:09.793" Score="1" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest some effective tools used for field to field and screen to screen testing  of web apps where we can calculate the time taken to one field to another and one screen to another &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following are the performance testing requirements asked from a company from us &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XAa4G.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11163" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T12:58:10.013" Title="Suggest me some tools for field to field &amp; screen to screen testing of a web app" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12215" CreationDate="2015-02-20T10:35:35.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would take a look at the service &lt;a href=&quot;http://newrelic.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;New Relic&lt;/a&gt; offers. At first you want to verify  that the application can actually deliver these performance requirements in a test setup, afterwards you want to monitor that you keep delivering under higher real user load on the production servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;New Relic Browser is the only monitoring product that gives you everything you need—full visibility into the complete web page lifecycle for modern browser-side applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the full feature list at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://newrelic.com/browser-monitoring/features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://newrelic.com/browser-monitoring/features&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its the only tool I know that monitors the web-application traffic from browser-to-browser taking into account even the rendering speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it injects a bit of JavaScript into the pages to monitor and report the full application stack end-2-end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible alternatives (that I haven't used)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TraceView: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.appneta.com/products/traceview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.appneta.com/products/traceview/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-02-20T10:35:35.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-20T16:18:54.240" Score="15" ViewCount="9340" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a big test suite with around 300+ tests. Nowadays we are manually restoring &lt;code&gt;database&lt;/code&gt; and creating few Data Objects and hard coding some data to feed into the tests. However, there are a lot of tests that need more data and we are trying to generate them run time with tests. Problem is when database changes or the test suite run on a different machine with a different version of the database they are failing. My question is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the best practice to handle this scenario? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There has to be some way to handle the database known state. Just don't know what it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using &lt;code&gt;C#&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;NUnit&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;UI&lt;/code&gt; testings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8398" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T13:00:24.617" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T13:00:24.617" Title="Controlling database state in Selenium UI Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7502" CreationDate="2015-02-20T17:17:25.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void WaitForData (IWebDriver driver)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; {&#xA;&#xA;            var dt1 = DateTime.Now;&#xA;&#xA;            var diff = 0;&#xA;&#xA;            while (diff &amp;lt; 3)&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                var dt2 = DateTime.Now;&#xA;                var ts = dt2.Subtract(dt1);&#xA;                diff = (int) ts.TotalSeconds;&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11166" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T11:46:35.853" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T11:46:35.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12191" CreationDate="2015-02-20T20:39:15.180" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;code&gt;setup&lt;/code&gt; method should be &lt;code&gt;setUp&lt;/code&gt; for unittest. I'm not sure why they decided to name it that way, but that's just how it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;code&gt;setup&lt;/code&gt; is not a keyword it's not getting called, thereby making &lt;code&gt;self.driver&lt;/code&gt; throw an &lt;code&gt;AttributeError&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I did the same thing still not working for me any specific reasons ??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;from YFT_Pages.LogInPage import LogIn&#xA;from YFT_Pages.CreateAccount import CreateAccount&#xA;import unittest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@classmethod&#xA;def setUp(cls) -&amp;gt; None:&#xA;    driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path = r&quot;E:\Doc &amp;amp; Sw\chromedriver.exe&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;def test_LogIn(self):&#xA;    driver = self.driver&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://foottech.4thpointer.in/&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    createAccount = CreateAccount(driver)&#xA;    createAccount.user_Name(&quot;Shorya Kaushik&quot;)&#xA;    createAccount.user_Phone(&quot;8791517915&quot;)&#xA;    createAccount.user_Mail(&quot;Shorya@Test.com&quot;)&#xA;    createAccount.user_Password(&quot;123&quot;)&#xA;    createAccount.user_ConfPassword(&quot;123&quot;)&#xA;    createAccount.user_Role(&quot;Player&quot;)&#xA;    createAccount.user_submit()&#xA;&#xA;    login = LogIn(driver)&#xA;    login.userMail(&quot;shorya@test.com&quot;)&#xA;    login.userPassword(&quot;123&quot;)&#xA;    login.submit()&#xA;&#xA;@classmethod&#xA;def tearDown(cls) -&amp;gt; None:&#xA;    cls.driver.close()&#xA;    cls.driver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if &lt;strong&gt;name&lt;/strong&gt; == '&lt;strong&gt;main&lt;/strong&gt;':&#xA;    unittest.main()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11170" LastEditorUserId="42860" LastEditDate="2020-04-09T05:34:16.973" LastActivityDate="2020-04-09T05:34:16.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12221" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-20T21:37:26.683" Score="2" ViewCount="1290" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my first posting here. I already searched here and couldn't find an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm in the process of integrating Appium with Selenium Grid to run our iOS and Android mobile app test cases in parallel. I'm slowing digesting the concept of parallelism in Selenium Grid. I read in some articles about integrating with TestNG and also enabling parallelism in TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is why should I take this double approach of running test cases parallelly?. Isn't it enough to configure Selenium Grid and bind to Appium servers for each of the devices and automatically get parallel feature enabled? Why should I also enable parallelism in TestNG?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please advise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11171" LastActivityDate="2015-04-26T18:19:45.770" Title="Selenium Grid and TestNG Parallel option" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12222" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12226" CreationDate="2015-02-21T08:05:19.253" Score="1" ViewCount="11364" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some thing like there is a toggle button of having &quot;Show&quot; and &quot;Hide&quot; as values, I want to know the status of the button before i am going to perform some action on this toggle button.&#xA;The code looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;OC_hide_show&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;toggle&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;id1&quot; class=&quot;some class name&quot; data-role=&quot;isnsd&quot;   name=&quot;selectcommand&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;some class names&quot; role=&quot;application&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;Some class names&quot; role=&quot;img&quot; style=&quot;width: 0%;&quot;&amp;gt;Show&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;some class names&quot; role=&quot;img&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot;&amp;gt;Hide&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;          &#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ui&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11173" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-02-21T13:35:43.393" LastActivityDate="2015-02-21T17:59:27.097" Title="How to identify the status of a toggle button?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12218" CreationDate="2015-02-21T08:24:23.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's hard to provide input on your specific processes, but here's how I generally deal with Selenium automation. Maybe it can help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One separate database which contains all the data for the tests: data-driven testing. This means you'll likely have to compose Views (combining tables as necessary) which serve as the data source for test methods. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insert/Update/Delete scripts as a stored procedure on the application's database. Have your test class execute these scripts before running any tests. This way you force the 'variable' data in the application to a specific state which your automated tests expect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explanatory example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For a test method 'Customer login', the Selenium database provides &lt;code&gt;customer@login.com&lt;/code&gt; and password &lt;code&gt;1234&lt;/code&gt;. So the test method expects a customer profile screen after logging in with this data (if not it will fail).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The insert/update/delete scripts are executed before running the case. It will (1) delete the existing &lt;code&gt;customer@login.com&lt;/code&gt; profile in the application database, then (2) insert the profile with the correct password and settings. This way &lt;strong&gt;we know for sure&lt;/strong&gt; our test data is correct. If we don't execute this script, the profile could've been changed by manual tests, the password can be obsolete, ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:25:42.297" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:25:42.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12218" CreationDate="2015-02-21T10:03:25.010" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a really interesting question. I don't think we're entirely happy with our approach, and we discuss it regularly, but these are our constraints and what we've done so far (framework has been in use for about 3 years).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) We reload a skeleton database at the start of each test run. This has a minimal set of data, as little as possible - a user, minimal config. At one point we had an automated suite to generate this database regularly to ensure it stayed in sync. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We don't reload the DB for each test, because we don't want to slow down our test run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the time we started the framework, the underlying database was changing quite rapidly, and writing SQL scripts to modify the db directly would have required a lot of maintenance. It is still changing, just not as rapidly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) The general approach is that tests create the data they need via the API (e.g. customers, orders, etc), and if they make breaking changes (e.g. to config), then they need to undo them at the end of the test. Being able to use the API to set up data rather than the UI makes this much faster to do at run time. We also know the data will be representative, as that's how the UI creates the data (for the most part) so we don't have to worry about our test data gradually diverging from real live data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue we're facing now is that even the very minimal set of config that we have is restrictive - so we need to consider how we can generate different config, either by having multiple different skeletons, or by being able to modify that config at runtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is pretty easy to run the tests on another machine with a different version of the database - we just need to set up the automation user and change a few config settings (if they're needed by the subset of tests we're running). We have very little dependency on the actual underlying DB design - you could change 99% of the tables, and as long as the application code still worked, we'd still be able to run our tests. This has meant that for example, we have been able to use the UI tests to detect issues when making database changes in areas that aren't well covered by integration tests. This might not be an issue for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:25:55.187" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:25:55.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12218" CreationDate="2015-02-21T11:40:21.823" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As UI tests are slowish I think its important to be able to run them in parallel. In order to be able to run them in parallel, your data-management becomes even more complex, since if the tests use the same data-source they could change data into conflicting states and make tests randomly fail, that why the tests should all run in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/8516/3201&quot;&gt;isolation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am working on a new setup which looks a bit like the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimal dataset needed for all the tests (Generated from SQL scripts)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functions to generate users and test-data from code, preferable re-using the actual internal classes of the application. (To make sure when the application changes the generation of data also changes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testsets classes that describe and set up the actual test-data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testsets are generated into a backup file and the code checks if the backup is still valid based on a delta number which indicates the db version (updated by the developers for each database change).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each test run does the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test initialize&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the backup datasets are still valid and generate new data if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate a unique id for the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Restore a testset into a db with the unique id in the name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure application/test to use the correct DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the test&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrange (login, prepare extra application state, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Act (Actions to test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert (Verify actions are successful)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test clean up&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check logs for errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Restoring the database takes less than a second on our SSD's, not too much overhead here. For datasets that takes long to generate from scratch, we save the appended dataset to a separate backup file and restore it for each test run that needs it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because each test setups and uses its own personal database the test can be run anywhere and always work. The build server can now push the tests to multiple nodes and each test does not interfere with the other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers running the tests do not need to setup any data locally, because the tests will do it for them. We made a separate test runner which setups a testset locally so people can use it to run tests against it manually to reproduce a found issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional informations for your specific situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/dhananjaycoder/test-setup-and-teardown-in-unit-testing-using-nunit-part-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to use the setup and teardown in nUnit&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4218960/how-to-restore-sql-server-database-through-c-sharp-code&quot;&gt;Restoring database from C#&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:25:35.313" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:25:35.313" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12222" CreationDate="2015-02-21T17:59:27.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The logical guess would be checking the element property:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;bool isDisplayed = driver.findElement(By.XPath(&quot;//span[text()='Show']&quot;).isDisplayed;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should this not work (because you're using the CSS width instead of CSS display), try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String s = driver.findElement(By.XPath(&quot;//span[text()='Show']&quot;).getAttribute(&quot;style&quot;);&#xA;if(s.Contains(&quot;100%&quot;))&#xA;{&#xA;  // the show button is visible&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;  // the hide button is presumably visible&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-02-21T17:59:27.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12221" CreationDate="2015-02-22T08:29:52.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Appium is open source framework which helps you automate mobile application. We write automated tests for mobile application using Appium. Selenium is open source framework which helps you automate web browsers. We write automated tests for web application using Selenium. Selenium Grid is to create an infrastructure where you can work with multiple browsers, devices or simulators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestNG is testing framework which helps you invoke your tests and manage test suites. So TestNG is the one which helps you execute tests in parallel written using Selenium/Appium to be executed on infrastructure setup using Selenium Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10952" LastActivityDate="2015-02-22T08:29:52.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11674" CreationDate="2015-02-23T03:52:38.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found solution , I have installed following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Genymotion plugin for eclipse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Installed &quot;gapps-jb-20130813-signed&quot; to genymotion virtual device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Installed &quot;Genymotion-ARM-Translation_v1.1&quot; to genymotion virtual device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now everything working fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T03:52:38.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12229" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-23T06:11:49.920" Score="2" ViewCount="2988" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement where I am trying to automate the registration form which is in French language, while automating I am trying to get the text of the error messages which are in French(localised) language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example code snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String text=driver.getText(By.cssSelector(&quot;#first_name + label.error&quot;));//which gets the localised error message string&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I print the text some junk characters are getting printed.&#xA;Actual output which is printed: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Seulement alphabets, des chiffres et des espaces sont autorisï¿½&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expected output: &lt;code&gt;Seulement Alphabets, des chiffres et des espaces sont autorisés&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to &lt;code&gt;assertEquals(actualoutput,expectedoutput)&lt;/code&gt; which is getting failed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting the expected output from the &lt;code&gt;language.properties&lt;/code&gt; file where translated text is there(which is  UTF-8 converted and loaded as properties file).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have even tried to convert the actual output to UTF-8 with the below code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;byte ptext[] = text.getBytes(&quot;ISO-8859-1&quot;);&#xA;actualMessage=new String(ptext,&quot;UTF-8&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still it is not working getting printed with the junk characters as mentioned above. (&lt;code&gt;Seulement alphabets, des chiffres et des espaces sont autorisï¿½)&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Does the getText() gets the text in  UTF-8 converted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know your thoughts on this and help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&#xA;Sairkishna&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T11:53:13.327" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T12:54:13.610" Title="latin characters getting displayed as junk characters from the webdriver getText() command" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10375" CreationDate="2015-02-23T09:10:25.037" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would need 2 Thread Groups (TG).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure that &quot;Run Thread Groups consecutively&quot; under your test plan is UNCHECKED else you'll be having 2nd TG running after 1st TG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11186" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T11:51:32.137" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T11:51:32.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12229" CreationDate="2015-02-23T09:53:34.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;.properties&lt;/code&gt; files in Java use always ISO-8859-1. You are not able to save UTF-8 characters into &lt;code&gt;.properties&lt;/code&gt; files. You must save the characters as unicode escape characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example the value of the key must look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Seulement Alphabets, des chiffres et des espaces sont autoris\u00E9s&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/e9/index.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/e9/index.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this solution you do not need any convert of the character set in your Java code. Just read the content of your &lt;code&gt;.properties&lt;/code&gt; file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There exist also some nice Eclipse plugins to edit &lt;code&gt;.properties&lt;/code&gt; files who automatically convert text into the right format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T09:59:44.710" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T09:59:44.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-23T10:33:43.097" Score="2" ViewCount="1345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to login in app. using appium but getting following error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;  Command duration or timeout: 59 milliseconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class appi {&#xA;&#xA;public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;));&#xA;    File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;    File app = new File(appDir, &quot;myapp.apk&quot;);&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;device&quot;, &quot;Android Emulator&quot;);&#xA;   // capabilities.setSerial(&quot;192.168.xx.xxx:5555&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;,&quot;vds&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;19&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app-package&quot;, &quot;air.iNMyBabyPaid&quot;); //Replace with your app's package&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app-activity&quot;, &quot;com.ripl.earlythree.activities.SplashActivty&quot;); //Replace with app's Activity&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, app.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub/&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;&#xA;    //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//EditText)[1]&quot;));&#xA;      Assert.assertEquals(&quot;true&quot;, username.getAttribute(&quot;enabled&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;     if(username.isDisplayed())&#xA;     {&#xA;&#xA;        username.click();&#xA;&#xA;        username.sendKeys(&quot;sparent&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;     else&#xA;     {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot;Your element not found&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run program , It just open App. in emulator and then stops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T08:00:10.483" Title="Not able to find element using appium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12233" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12254" CreationDate="2015-02-23T11:06:06.413" Score="8" ViewCount="12857" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am completely new in load testing and want to start analyzing results of a load test.&#xA;My problem is that I need a reference for the answers to be sure about its correctness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are my question which are in the same area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is transaction in load test and its exact difference with request? what I have read in web pages is that &quot;a request is some amount of transactions&quot; but I'm not sure about it and I need a proof.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is TPS in load test? What I have read in website is &quot;The number of transactions in second&quot; The main question is that whether the transactions should be successful or not to be counted and what about throughput? Should only successful transactions should be counted or all transactions, and whether it has any difference with TPS or not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11187" LastEditorUserId="21577" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T21:38:34.880" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T21:38:34.880" Title="load test terms: What are Transactions, request, TPS,throughput?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8381" CreationDate="2015-02-23T12:24:43.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the code it looks that you are not initializing the WebDriver correctly. &#xA;You declared a private member of WebDriver and never used it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your SetUp method do the following change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setUp(){&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/Applications/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new ChromeDriver();              &#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.get(url);&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6639" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-24T20:06:29.187" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T20:06:29.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12181" CreationDate="2015-02-23T15:54:43.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about the billing system problem, however I've found these resources very helpful in understanding and setting up test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://safsdev.sourceforge.net/FRAMESDataDrivenTestAutomationFrameworks.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://safsdev.sourceforge.net/FRAMESDataDrivenTestAutomationFrameworks.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, specifically to Python + Pytest based frameworks that help in abstraction of test cases check out Robot Framework. It has detailed documentation and has a repo in github as well,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.googlecode.com/hg/doc/userguide/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://robotframework.googlecode.com/hg/doc/userguide/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The project has moved to &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://robotframework.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hops this helps, good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11189" LastEditorUserId="23103" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T02:50:43.183" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T02:50:43.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12236" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-23T16:48:01.190" Score="2" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Me and my colleges have been delegated the task to review a large company's testing process,&#xA;with focus on responsive design. As a part of our report, we've examined a couple of methods to assess the current test process as it is today, in order to find potential bottlenecks or improvement opportunities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An interesting approach is one suggested by William E. Perry in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.se/books?hl=sv&amp;amp;lr=&amp;amp;id=q1WwdUZd7IAC&amp;amp;oi=fnd&amp;amp;pg=PR6&amp;amp;dq=software%20testing%20process%20assessment%20method&amp;amp;ots=EamDvqpwWM&amp;amp;sig=q2Ggdv8VzMcyldiN7JOOfWkjP14&amp;amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Effective Methods for Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; (2006). In his book, Perry explains how to develop a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar_chart&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kiviat Chart&lt;/a&gt; or Footprint Chart (see figure 1) in order to get an overview of which parts of the process that are current for improvement. Perry refers to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qaiglobal.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quality Assurance Institute&lt;/a&gt;, which according to Perry have derived eight criteria that make a successful testing organization. The criteria are presented in figure 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aXcxE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Figure 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Figure 1, a Kiviat-Diagram, or Footprint Diagram, as suggested by Perry (2006)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Questions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I have no proffessional experience with test processes, some questions come to mind after reading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is this approach still valid and used today?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this methodology well established and recognized?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any other, more viable options?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11113" LastEditorUserId="11113" LastEditDate="2015-02-23T17:08:27.333" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T17:30:14.423" Title="Test Environment Assessment Methodology" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12236" CreationDate="2015-02-23T17:30:14.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Those sound like reasonable criteria, but our opinions are not as important as your stakeholders'.  You were asked to do this for a reason; perhaps someone in the organization thinks this large company's test process is deficient in some dimension.  Why not ask them whether there are any criteria besides the ones you listed that they would like for you to review?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T17:30:14.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11870" CreationDate="2015-02-23T19:12:39.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a very broad question. You may use some of these tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile/Scrum project management tool Version One. They have free and paid versions. I find this project management to be very effective and user friendly. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When choosing for bug tracking tool, find the best match for your team. Jira is one of the best one out there. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile/Device Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can use Google Emulator for free, built in Google Chrome Browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Git hub or SVN (Personally like Git hub)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You might want to automate your stable test cases for regression testing. Selenium IDE, Webdriver is a good one or Sahi.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11194" LastActivityDate="2015-02-23T19:12:39.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12239" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-23T21:08:41.707" Score="1" ViewCount="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I increase the quality of code while developing itself. Is there nay tool available which will analyse my code and tell which part of code will create performance issue. I dont want different graphs and statistics. I nee straightforward result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11195" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T02:30:32.970" Title="java software quality in eclipse while developing" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;qa-architect&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12241" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12250" CreationDate="2015-02-24T00:57:29.577" Score="2" ViewCount="443" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been asked to implement route test (integration) for a new application, but i have just a small idea of what is this, here's my thoughts about it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is to test the flow of a package through his final destination. I'm aware of tracert, but i'm not sure how to automate it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any clear explanation of what is testing routes in a integration or unit test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10538" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-24T09:45:58.710" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T09:51:10.567" Title="What is route test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12239" CreationDate="2015-02-24T02:30:32.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You asked about quality, but then you asked about performance, so I assume you are specifically interested in performance.  The short answer is no.   There are tools that will analyze performance while it is running to tell you which parts of the code are the busiest.  Those tools will not tell you whether you are using slow algorithms.  And a hot spot is not necessarily inefficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T02:30:32.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12172" CreationDate="2015-02-24T03:45:04.467" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across similar requirement so I used core Java's Connection URL API, &lt;code&gt;URLConnection&lt;/code&gt;.  It was much faster:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String  myString = null;&#xA;URLConnection urlConn = null;&#xA;try{&#xA;    URL url = new URL(&quot;enter url here&quot;);&#xA;    urlConn = url.openConnection();&#xA;    urlConn.setUseCaches(false);&#xA;    HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection)urlConn;&#xA;    InputStream is=null;&#xA;    if (httpConn.getResponseCode() &amp;gt;= 400) {&#xA;        if(httpConn.getErrorStream()!=null){&#xA;            is = httpConn.getErrorStream();&#xA;        }else{System.out.println(&quot;no error&quot;);}&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        is = httpConn.getInputStream();&#xA;    }&#xA;    myString = IOUtils.toString(is, &quot;UTF-8&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(myString);&#xA;}catch(Exception e){&#xA;    throw new RuntimeException(&quot;Exception while calling url:&quot;,e);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11196" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T12:41:04.840" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T12:41:04.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12245" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-24T06:44:50.767" Score="2" ViewCount="11192" Body="&lt;p&gt;After submitting a POST request with a button click from a webpage, I want to wait for 60 seconds and click a link on that same page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The wait for 60 seconds part, is that possible to implement with any keyword from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rtomac/robotframework-selenium2library&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;robot selenium2library&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11199" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-24T12:13:41.130" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T11:39:50.830" Title="Wait for a random time with robot selenium 2 library" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12245" CreationDate="2015-02-24T07:52:59.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following code should be added to robot selenium2 library in order to use this keyword:&#xA;Wait For  |  timeout&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def wait_for(self, timeout):&#xA;    timeout = robot.utils.timestr_to_secs(timeout)&#xA;    maxtime = time.time() + timeout&#xA;    while True:&#xA;        if time.time() &amp;gt; maxtime:&#xA;            break&#xA;        time.sleep(0.2)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11199" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T07:52:59.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12247" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12248" CreationDate="2015-02-24T08:46:29.773" Score="2" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am confused about automated testing. In my view Automated testing is the automation of test cases. Then what are automation tools like QTP and all? Do they automate test cases like I automate a test in perl?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11200" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T13:09:14.803" Title="I am little confused about automated testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12247" CreationDate="2015-02-24T09:17:32.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software suites like &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_QuickTest_Professional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QTP&lt;/a&gt; give a very broad tooling and or development framework to create, manage and drive tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would compare suites like this as a text editor vs a full fletched &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IDE&lt;/a&gt;, both can be used to develop software, but an IDE makes life easier most of the time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools like this often hide the complexity compared to running automated test from scratch with development tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-24T13:09:14.803" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T13:09:14.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12247" CreationDate="2015-02-24T09:20:28.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One use of automated tests is for regression testing. After changes to the application a suite of regression tests are run to check that existing functionality that should not have changed still works correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another use of automated tests is to apply load to a system to check its performance. This can be to measure transaction timings, to see how the system works with large numbers of users, to see how the system copes at 9am when everyone logs in at the start of the day, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests can be useful to run the same test case but with many different sets of input data. This is &quot;data driving&quot; or a &quot;data driven test&quot;. For example, each row of spreadsheet corresponds to one test case. Ie one execution of a test, but with different values. Each column of the spreadsheet provides different data values for the test, perhaps username, password, product to purchase, quantity to buy, address, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many other types of testing that can use automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools like QTP provide facilities to create and to run automated tests, also to perform analyses of how the tests performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T09:20:28.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12241" CreationDate="2015-02-24T09:51:10.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with most terminology this depends on the person and or the industry. Be sure to define terminology per workplace so that everyone has the same definition, in doubt always ask. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked in market research, where route testing would mean testing all possible paths through a questionnaire. Different questions would mean skipping and or adding extra questions for this run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the internet industry it could indeed mean what you describe, but testing this automated would need a specific network setup where you are sure about the input and output. You could  try to simulate this with multiple VM's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a unittest setting it might mean testing all the branches: &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/184807/branch-vs-decision-coverage-question&quot;&gt;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/184807/branch-vs-decision-coverage-question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T09:51:10.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12245" CreationDate="2015-02-24T12:11:35.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Putting a sleep in a selenium test is generally not the best solution. Selenium has keywords to wait for some condition on a page, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Wait%20For%20Condition&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wait for condition&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Wait%20Until%20Element%20Is%20Visible&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wait until element is visible&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Wait%20Until%20Page%20Contains&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wait until page contains&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://rtomac.github.io/robotframework-selenium2library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Wait%20Until%20Page%20Contains%20Element&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wait until page contains element&lt;/a&gt;. These are preferable, since the wait will usually be as short as possible. With a fixed-time wait, you may be waiting considerably longer than necessary, or you may not be waiting long enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, since you asked specifically about sleeping, the robot framework &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/libraries/BuiltIn.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BuiltIn&lt;/a&gt; library has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/libraries/BuiltIn.html#Sleep&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sleep&lt;/a&gt; keyword. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#time-format&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;time format&lt;/a&gt; it uses is described in the robot framework users guide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sleep | time | reason=none&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pauses the test executed for the given time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;time may be either a number or a time string. Time strings are in a&#xA;  format such as '1 day 2 hours 3 minutes 4 seconds 5milliseconds' or&#xA;  '1d 2h 3m 4s 5ms', and they are fully explained in an appendix of&#xA;  Robot Framework User Guide. Optional reason can be used to explain why&#xA;  sleeping is necessary. Both the time slept and the reason are logged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastEditorUserId="1105" LastEditDate="2015-02-24T16:13:03.330" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T16:13:03.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12233" CreationDate="2015-02-24T14:15:02.317" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some cases transaction can stand for a single request but more often it is a series of requests representing a piece of business logic like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User opens a site&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User opens login page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User performs login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User does some stuff&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User logs out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With some think times in between of course as a real life user doesn't hammer application continuously, he needs some time to type credentials, wait for page load, read information from page, etc. Failure at any point (1 to 5) will lead to the whole transaction failure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the following material which can shed some light on the terms being asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Glossary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65153-the-load-reports&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Load Reports&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T14:15:02.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11925" CreationDate="2015-02-24T14:57:21.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer this you have to ask a lot of questions. I would start with the following questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is changing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How significant of a change is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How large of an impact will the change have?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much risk of a defect is in the change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the consequences of a defect in this piece of the code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will people be fired if you miss something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-02-24T14:57:21.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13409" CreationDate="2015-02-24T20:41:42.450" Score="4" ViewCount="5897" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to launch my website by default in IE InPrivate mode so I can get rid of tons of code to handle multiple scenarios (listed below) script may counter during execution. My goal is to run browser in no previous history and etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google account has valid session and have signed up with our app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google account has valid session but not used to signup with our web app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google account has no session but have remembered previously entered Email/User.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google account has no session but have remembered previously entered Email/User and Password. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google account is never signed in or used with our app (most simple case) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Following built-in methods in BrowserWindow class aren't much helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;BrowserWindow browser = BrowserWindow.Launch(&quot;www.mysite.com&quot;);&#xA;BrowserWindow.ClearCache();&#xA;BrowserWindow.ClearCookies();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11127" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-06-08T08:03:25.497" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T13:48:46.573" Title="Coded UI - How to launch website in IE InPrivate Browsing mode?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12257" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30037" CreationDate="2015-02-24T22:00:40.587" Score="3" ViewCount="3604" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am stuck badly with this piece of code. I am trying to write a code to use existing Browser if it exists otherwise launch my website in new browser window. Currently, if browser is not open with title &quot;mysite&quot; it throw an exception and doesn't go into else {} block where I'm expecting it to launch mysite instead of getting failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [TestInitialize]&#xA;    public void Initialize()&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (BrowserWindow.Locate(&quot;mysite&quot;).Exists)&#xA;        {&#xA;            BrowserWindow.CurrentBrowser = &quot;ie&quot;;&#xA;            mParentWindow = BrowserWindow.Locate(&quot;odrive&quot;);&#xA;            mParentWindow.Maximized = !mParentWindow.Maximized;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            BrowserWindow.CurrentBrowser = &quot;ie&quot;;&#xA;            mParentWindow = BrowserWindow.Launch(&quot;www.mysite.com&quot;);&#xA;            mParentWindow.CloseOnPlaybackCleanup = false;&#xA;            mParentWindow.Maximized = !mParentWindow.Maximized;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11127" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T12:04:48.463" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T16:35:01.720" Title="Coded UI - How write code to use existing browser (if exists) otherwise launch new browser window" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12290" CreationDate="2015-02-25T02:08:26.017" Score="1" ViewCount="434" Body="&lt;p&gt;As HP UFT only support older versions of non-IE browsers, how can I install the older versions of Chrome? It seems obvious to others maybe, but I don't get it. I have 2 problems here and I will really appreciate if someone can point me to a solution.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. There is nowhere to download an older version of Chrome anymore&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. After I install an older version Chrome, it will automatically get updated to current version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9388" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T23:50:41.430" Title="How to install an older version of Chrome that HP UFT currently supports?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11925" CreationDate="2015-02-25T03:30:54.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Frankly speaking, too many test plans are a lot of boilerplate without substantive information. Over the years, I've tried to strip out rote process information entirely or place it in a separate process document and focus on these key items in the test plan document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'll mention here that documenting a test plan is the final step. Most of test planning is the work leading up to the documentation--understanding the requirements and technology and thinking through the topics below with the other members of the development team and the project stakeholders.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overview&lt;/strong&gt; - A general description of the new functionality, the intended user, etc. Trying to provide a context for determining success and asking good questions throughout the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scope&lt;/strong&gt; - What are you testing and what are you not testing? Again, these topics should be prompts to a good analysis/discussion.  What environments must be tested? What are the priorities of those environments? Are you doing load testing? Are you doing security testing? This is &lt;em&gt;high level&lt;/em&gt; stuff-not each use case or user story, but the big chunks of functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background Documents/resources&lt;/strong&gt; - links to specs, relevant technical white papers, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Environment/Setup&lt;/strong&gt; - What will be automated and what will be manual?  In which environment(s) will you be testing the code?  Identify needs for test data, test user accounts, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test scenarios/cases&lt;/strong&gt; - For us, we keep all our actual test cases in a separate tool -- we use Rally--but this is where you can capture all the scenarios you will be going through as one or two-liners.  It is well-nigh impossible to get everyone to go through all of the step-by-step test cases for even a small project.  But you can get all the stakeholders to sign off on this list.  Be sure to challenge them to think of ways this could fail because if it isn't on this list, it isn't getting tested.  Thoughtful input from the team and sign off on this list is very important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should have test scenarios to cover every requirement for the software. If you are in a project with specs and itemized requirements, you should document a traceability between requirements and test case. If your requirements are drawn up in the dirt, your test plan may be the place where your team has the discussion around the itemized requirements for the project.  That isn't ideal, but it happens a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Entry/Exit Criteria&lt;/strong&gt; - This can get a little boilerplate, but it's important to define what it takes to get into and out of QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assumptions&lt;/strong&gt; - If you have any uncertainties or things you are assuming will be the case for the project, foreground them here so you can discuss them in review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11215" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T03:30:54.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12261" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12281" CreationDate="2015-02-25T06:59:39.070" Score="1" ViewCount="651" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter: Could anyone explain me detailed explanation of the following terms in Graph Results?&#xA;I have looped single user request for 100 time (i.e no of samples :100) for www.google.com and then i got following result in graph results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    No of samples: 100&#xA;    Deviation: 86&#xA;    Latest Sample: 90 &#xA;    Throughput: 504.202/minute &#xA;    Average: 117 (average of what) &#xA;    Median: 89 (median of what)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and also which parameters are most important to observe to get its performance? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10865" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T08:10:14.730" Title="Jmeter: Could anyone explain me detailed explanation of the following terms in Graph Results?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12262" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-25T07:29:30.203" Score="2" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a disagreement with the dev team lead over whether a P0 bug has to be on the production server or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using JIRA as bug tracking system, and I've found this bug on another team's environment, but it's related to my team's module. I've informed the other team's lead developer, the team's QA. They stated that this issue is not related to their work, so I reported the problem as a bug on my team's JIRA board.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it's now the responsibility of the developers in my team, but my team's lead developer believes that P0 is for production bugs only, and this bug has no priority for now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I resolve the disagreement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6336" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T12:05:58.027" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T08:17:58.573" Title="Should the highest bug priority be limited to bugs found on the production server" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-02-25T07:44:13.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently, I found a P0 bug in the pre-production environment. I am the lead QA and I refused the deployment in production before correction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bug made a simple action not work (classical one, used by every single person of my company each day). The priority of a bug is not due to where or how it is found, but the severity and the effect of the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my team, when a bug blocks an action, but there is another way to do the action, the bug is judged less urgent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11178" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T12:21:13.977" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T12:21:13.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12264" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-25T07:49:57.533" Score="1" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does Quality centre 9.2 support Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Service Pack 4.&#xA;Hi Friends,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need your help in understanding compatibility between Quality center 9.2 and Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Service Pack 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nivedita Patel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11218" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:20:10.013" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:20:10.013" Title="HPQC 9.2 compatibility with Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Service Pack 4" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-02-25T09:02:53.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to take a step back and look at the whole picture- why did the dev lead objected to the P0 setting ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not because &quot;it is not in production&quot; (well, it is but there is a higher level reason for that) but because the company doesn't have an agreed and accepted definition for priority levels across all teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T09:02:53.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12266" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-25T10:56:04.247" Score="1" ViewCount="1991" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just want to automate mouse hover function for my project the scenario is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario : There is a text box, if i hover on it,the edit icon will enable and i have to click that icon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11080" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T14:56:37.033" Title="How to automate Mouse hover action in webdriver/java/kendo ui" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12266" CreationDate="2015-02-25T11:25:51.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To simulate complex (mouse) actions rather than working on the elements directly, use ActionBuilder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the reply in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9006/clicking-near-the-target-element-using-mouse-co-ordinates-inside-firefox-window/9010#9010&quot;&gt;this thread&lt;/a&gt; for a starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T11:25:51.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12268" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-02-25T12:06:19.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286726.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Coded UI tests&lt;/a&gt; are automated user interface tests which can be created with &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/visualstudio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Visual Studio&lt;/a&gt; starting from 2010 in each of the versions Ultimate and Premium.&#xA;It can be used to test user interface like Web, WPF, Silverlight and Windows Forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T17:44:52.530" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T17:44:52.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12269" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-02-25T12:06:19.227" Score="0" Body="Coded UI tests are automated User Interface tests that can be created with Visual Studio to test different kinds of user interface." OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T17:44:37.970" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T17:44:37.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-02-25T12:19:54.443" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, if there isn't a consistent definition of what constitutes top priority across all teams, there will be disagreement over what constitutes a top priority bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I have a few thoughts to offer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will this bug break core functionality if it is introduced to production? If the answer is &quot;yes&quot; then priority should be higher.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does this bug have a workaround that an end-user can employ? If the answer is &quot;yes&quot;, then priority should be lower.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does this bug occur in a high-traffic or high-visibility part of the application? If the answer is &quot;yes&quot;, then priority should  be higher (even if it's just a spelling mistake: presentation bugs lead users to think the software is lower quality because if the developers &quot;don't care&quot; about presentation, what else don't they care about? - perceptions matter a lot in this field).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the severity and probability of the bug? A severe bug (say, one that wipes user profiles) that is highly likely to occur will have a much higher priority than an equally severe bug that's very unlikely to occur. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How soon does your team plan to release the functionality that's related to the bug? If you're planning on releasing soon, that will increase the priority of the bug. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest that you document all these factors, then discuss the bug with your lead developer to come up with a mutually agreed-on priority. It's possible that even if this is an application breaking bug it won't occur in the production environment (I've seen those, and they do get a much lower priority because they don't go to production. I've also seen situations where something works perfectly in the development and test environments but is broken in production).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T12:19:54.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12271" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-25T14:11:02.597" Score="1" ViewCount="11458" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of a good place to download a selenium project that was written in C#?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been doing automation for the past ~1.5 years and i'm interested to see what other people are doing. How they are structuring their projects, managing their tests.  Anyone have good examples of complete projects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2020-04-27T19:53:46.683" Title="Example selenium project in C#?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12271" CreationDate="2015-02-25T14:17:25.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=c%23%20example%20selenium%20github&amp;amp;rct=j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;searched on Google for &quot;c# example selenium github&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and one result came up, looks like a full project: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/atosorigin/SeleniumExample&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/atosorigin/SeleniumExample&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think github might contain more examples and projects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T14:17:25.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12271" CreationDate="2015-02-25T15:19:38.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Github allows you to easilly filter out projects related to selenium and written using C#. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look at this list: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/search?l=C%23&amp;amp;o=desc&amp;amp;q=selenium&amp;amp;ref=searchresults&amp;amp;s=stars&amp;amp;type=Repositories&amp;amp;utf8=%E2%9C%93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/search?l=C%23&amp;amp;o=desc&amp;amp;q=selenium&amp;amp;ref=searchresults&amp;amp;s=stars&amp;amp;type=Repositories&amp;amp;utf8=%E2%9C%93&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T15:19:38.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12221" CreationDate="2015-02-25T17:17:04.650" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your test runner is the source of all activity driven through the Selenium Grid.  If you want more than 1 set of activity (more than 1 thread) to run at a time, then parallelism needs to come from your test runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestNG is the best ways to fork threads in my opinion, if all test activity comes from one test runner.  (Gradle and Maven Surefire are another option as well)   Now, on the other hand, if you have multiple systems executing separate test runners against a single Selenium Grid, then that means &quot;parallization is implied&quot;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T17:17:04.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-25T19:05:29.500" Score="5" ViewCount="3991" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very often, when my local or remote instance of Firefox is automatically updated, it stops working with the most recent version of Selenium WebDriver. They simply become incompatible until next version of WebDriver is released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to handle such cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shoud I turn off Firefox automated updates for the price of testing on outdated version of Firefox? Or there is some alternative?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-02-25T20:50:23.767" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T13:40:38.727" Title="Web browser (in)compatibility with Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10368" CreationDate="2015-02-25T20:36:48.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a more precise look at the error message. It says &quot;Element must be user-editable in order to &lt;strong&gt;clear it&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems like your issue relates not to &quot;Input Text&quot; keyword but to earlier one which you probably have in your test (like &quot;Clear Element Text&quot; one). Make sure that this keyword has also a valid locator set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it doesn't work you have also to make sure that the IDs for HTML-elements on your page are not generated dynamically each time you call the page (just check element's ID after refreshing the page). In this case &quot;ensureDebugId&quot; solution can be helpful. Please refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/site/mygwtexamples/home/testing/selenium-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official guide&lt;/a&gt; in order to see the example of how you can assure that you'll always have &quot;constant&quot; ID for a HTML-element in case of using GWT framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-02-25T20:36:48.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12277" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12348" CreationDate="2015-02-25T21:39:01.527" Score="4" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an issue with my automation (selenium-webdriver). Every time I click on a link, that link would open in a new tab ‒ this is not expected, and links do not have &lt;em&gt;_blank&lt;/em&gt; attr. set to them. My automation fails cause it stays on the first tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've tried setting up a new automation env on a new PC - same result. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've tried releasing Ctrl key using :controlKeyUp - same result&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This issue happened during bug-fixes merge from v1 to v2 of my product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. on a version with older code automation works fine with no issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.P.S. This issue is not reproducible manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: this is the HTML code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;SignIn&quot; id=&quot;aSignIn&quot; class=&quot;signin-link desktop-show&quot; title=&quot;Sign in&quot;&amp;gt;Sign in&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is the test code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-ruby prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element(:id, &quot;aSignIn&quot;).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8719" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-03-06T23:17:18.513" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T23:17:18.513" Title="Unwanted new tab opens every time I click on a link (which is not expected)" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ClosedDate="2015-03-06T14:26:31.030" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12283" CreationDate="2015-02-26T04:51:16.780" Score="4" ViewCount="677" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're about to release code on production. The code has some features that have not been fully end-to-end tested due to a number of circumstances. Devs have completed that features but then the scope has changed and we have put those features on hold haven't  fully tested them (and we don't have time to do it now). We don't want to remove those features from the code base, because we think those features were only postponed and in the future we will be able to reuse them. We are considering two solutions both of which I think are very risky from my QA perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First is having a flag at runtime that that can toggle a feature on or off. I &lt;a href=&quot;http://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1234000000262/ch09.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;have read&lt;/a&gt; that such approach is often used even to test features on production. A limited audience has this feature enabled (e.g. through a flag in request) and can provide feedback before the feature is enabled for everyone. The risk here is that still on production there will be untested code. Imagine a situation you have service endpoints A and B and some internal code C used by B. You have tested endpoint A and not B so you disable B on production. You're now happy but some time in the future A occasionally fails. In the result of investigation you come up with conclusion that A is also using C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second approach would be to remove endpoint B at compilation time so that the build artifact doesn't include it. Still, the problem with endpoint A using C occurs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is toggling unused feature enough to release untested code? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How if devs will be pushing on that feature how can I evaluate the risk and possible help mitigate it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T06:25:25.493" Title="Feature toggle on production" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12278" CreationDate="2015-02-26T05:10:11.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very interesting question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my experience as QA , I would like to suggest following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - If you are releasing BETA version then you can stay with new feature and release it with new feature. So you can get more review about from users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - If you are releasing main version then you should not release features which are untested means not tested by QA team. Because to release things without testing is itself a big risk.  And it can damage your business reputation , products other function at any level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If code is done from developer site then tell them to comment that untested feature code so in release that part will not be visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T05:10:11.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12278" CreationDate="2015-02-26T07:22:48.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is usually referred as A/B testing. I have personally tested this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With Feature Enabled - Testing performed for new feature and regression to ensure nothing is broken&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With Feature Disabled - Regression performed to ensure functionality remains intact. Automation / Required Manual tests will be run in case if this code is going to remain in production in feature disabled mode.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The challenge was when multiple features Feature1, Feature2, Feature3 are there. They could be enabled / disabled independently using a flag / keyword that would enable / disable feature at code level. In this case the combinations to test becomes more and more coverage is needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option available is (You can always manipulate to show the feature only to a certain percentage of users X%), This way you will be able to understand user responses for it. This limits large scale change for all users but only minimal set of users able to see the change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When untested code is pushed (it is usually feature disabled - general regression done on code). Never we had enabled feature which was untested. Once it is tested and certified then feature would be enabled in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advantage is you can quickly disable in case if there is any issue. All leading ecommerce sites have this feature running past few years. Now there are products / tools to aid A/B testing. This will help in quicker turn around, better UX decisions and customer experience. QA has a lot more work to ensure the combinations, feature disabled mode, general regression are working fine. Automation plays important role to handle regression for multiple combinations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2015-02-27T06:25:25.493" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T06:25:25.493" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12261" CreationDate="2015-02-26T07:52:49.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all check &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Glossary&lt;/a&gt; for definition of basic load testing terms&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to median and average, as per &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.blazemeter.com/knowledgebase/articles/65153-the-load-reports&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Load Reports guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#Samples&lt;/strong&gt; is the number of samples with the same label.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Average&lt;/strong&gt; is the average time of a set of results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Median&lt;/strong&gt; is a number which divides the samples into two equal halves. Half of the samples are smaller than the median, and half are larger. [Some samples may equal the median.] This is a standard statistical measure. The Median is the same as the 50th Percentile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;90% Line&lt;/strong&gt; (90th Percentile) meaning 90% of the samples took no more than this time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Min&lt;/strong&gt; is the shortest time for the samples with the same label&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Max&lt;/strong&gt; is the longest time for the samples with the same label&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error %&lt;/strong&gt; is the percent of requests with errors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Throughput&lt;/strong&gt; is measured in requests per second/minute/hour. The time unit is chosen so that the displayed rate is at least 1.0. When the throughput is saved to a CSV file, it is expressed in requests/second, i.e. 30.0 requests/minute is saved as 0.5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kb/sec&lt;/strong&gt; - throughput measured in Kilobytes per second. Time is in milliseconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is time in milliseconds for &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arithmetic Mean&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Median&lt;/a&gt; for all the requests correspondingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T08:10:14.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12282" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-02-26T11:46:31.743" Score="-3" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am going to start automated QA at my company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don’t know where to start, please give me some idea's and basic steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9027" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-02-26T16:59:04.490" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T20:31:53.343" Title="I am going to start automated QA" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-02-26T21:08:05.750" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12278" CreationDate="2015-02-26T13:12:06.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer is that you can never be 100% sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The longer answer is that this is also true for every other part of the product- you test it but can never test it for every possible scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The even longer answer is risk management and mitigation- &#xA;your developers and architects need to asses the risk in solutions A and B (feature flags vs. #ifdef-ing it), for example if the feature if an isolated module with few well defined API calls into it than the risk is low, but if the feature involves changes across all of the product code than the risk will be high.&#xA;As part of risk assessment you will also want to think of ways to mitigate the risks, for example regression testing around the affected areas or A/B testing like SIVA suggested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW totally removing the code is also a risk by itself since it might include bug fixes or other implicit changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T13:12:06.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12275" CreationDate="2015-02-26T15:41:37.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that you should uncheck &amp;quot;Install Maintenance Service&amp;quot; box during Firefox installation, in that case you should be protected from automatic updates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also avoid opening &amp;quot;About Firefox&amp;quot; window as Firefox is known to update itself when you open it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to what version of Firefox is supported, as per &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using Selenium with JMeter's WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; guide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locate your selenium*.jar file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mention version number before the extension, i.e. if it is &lt;code&gt;selenium-server-standalone-2.41.0.jar&lt;/code&gt; then version is &lt;strong&gt;2.41.0&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/java/CHANGELOG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Java Changelog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for &amp;quot;2.41.0&amp;quot; version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voila&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;v2.41.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=======&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Update to support native events for Firefox 28 (removed native event&#xA;support for Firefox 26). Native events are now supported for the&#xA;following Firefox versions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;17 (immediately previous ESR release)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;24 (current ESR release)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;27 (immediately previous release&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;28 (current release)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download one of the mentioned versions from &lt;a href=&quot;ftp://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mozilla FTP Site&lt;/a&gt; and get pie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T15:41:37.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12282" CreationDate="2015-02-26T16:05:21.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The basic step to start is to know why are you going for Automation? (Save time, money, resource)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Then what is the objective of your automation? (Test new feature, regression...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What is the scope of your automation? (UI, WS, ESB...)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What are the most critic features?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When you have a clear view about these, you will be able to choose tools to automate your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6560" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T16:05:21.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12282" CreationDate="2015-02-26T17:01:06.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google and read articles :) This might be a start: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.automatedtestinginstitute.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;view=article&amp;amp;id=1093:how-do-i-get-started-with-test-automation&amp;amp;catid=54:faqs&amp;amp;Itemid=76&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.automatedtestinginstitute.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;view=article&amp;amp;id=1093:how-do-i-get-started-with-test-automation&amp;amp;catid=54:faqs&amp;amp;Itemid=76&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe buy a book about the subject: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testing-software.org/book/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testing-software.org/book/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T17:01:06.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12282" CreationDate="2015-02-26T18:28:22.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be able to do QA, you would need to develop some &lt;strong&gt;problem-solving skills.&lt;/strong&gt; Like using google when you are trying to find some information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have much deeper problem than not knowing how to start QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, I left out for you to google what &quot;problem solving&quot; is, and how it relates to what you want to accomplish. You are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T18:28:22.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-02-26T18:51:09.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apparently, in your company there are at least two teams. Your team needs some functionality from application, and the other team is responsible to deliver it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Priority is just a meaningless category to prioritize work globally. You can set your own priorities as needed inside your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You tried to ask for help from other team. Seems that help is not coming. You need to ask your own developers, how hard it will be to find out where bug is, how to fix it, and if they will be allowed to patch the fix (or some process rules will prevent that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team can fix the bug easily, do so. Doing so you will help the other team which seems to be swamped. Tell them you are doing it to help them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team cannot fix it easily (will take too long to understand the area to make fix safe, and other team already understands that area well, so it will not be efficient use of your team time), manager of your team needs to talk to manager of the other team. Maybe your team can do something else to help the other team to get time to fix your bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all else fails, both managers have boss, and your manager can escalate it up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your bug is crucial to you, but irrelevant to users, it might be that it will not be fixed anytime soon. Develop workaround and checklist to contain it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P0 or not, it is all about triage and fixing most important bugs first, and finding who has the capacity to fix the bug right way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T18:51:09.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12282" CreationDate="2015-02-26T20:31:53.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote something down a while ago: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.xceptance.com/2013/06/19/test-automation-here-are-our-thoughts-on-it/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Automation – Here are our Thoughts on it&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today’s article can be seen as a survey reflecting our thoughts on web test automation in general. It basically lists personal experiences that we were able to gain in customer projects or conclusions that we arrived at in recent discussions on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to use these ideas and thoughts as input for your own discourse on test automation, whether it is about starting it, keeping it running, or just questioning it every once in a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do not claim that this is the only way of seeing things, so as always we are more than open to new input, arguments, or just a simple “Nah. Never!”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that some of these thoughts are directly related to web UI automation – just in case you can’t match locators, CSS, or XPath to your current automation problem... &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.xceptance.com/2013/06/19/test-automation-here-are-our-thoughts-on-it/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;read on&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T20:31:53.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12258" CreationDate="2015-02-26T23:50:41.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've used Google Chromium blog in the past, it is a repository of all the older builds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-continuous/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-continuous/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change your settings to manual update to newer versions, this will prevent automatic updates.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11189" LastActivityDate="2015-02-26T23:50:41.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12278" CreationDate="2015-02-27T04:16:17.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a BIG fan of feature toggles. It doesn't take too much work to mitigate the risks, and the benefits are well worth it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So my question is toggling unused feature enough to release untested code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. Feature toggles are not enough to mitigate the risks posed by releasing &lt;strong&gt;completely untested&lt;/strong&gt; code. However, when you test &lt;em&gt;around&lt;/em&gt; that code, feature toggles become a nearly &lt;strong&gt;perfect&lt;/strong&gt; way to release with very minimal risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How if devs will be pushing on that feature how can I evaluate the risk and possible help mitigate it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As QA, testing is obviously a big part of how you will help mitigate risk. But just as important, it’s your job to push for action at each step of the SDLC. For the best risk management, &lt;em&gt;everyone&lt;/em&gt; on the team must be involved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Risk Mitigation in 3 Stages&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. Prioritized and Focused Testing&#xA;2. Team Kickoff/Planning and Continuous Collaboration&#xA;3. Solid Rollout, Monitoring, and Preparation to Act Plan&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;1. Prioritized and Focused Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously in this situation, time restraints prevent fully testing the new feature. Not a problem. With a pinpointed testing approach, you will quickly hone in on and help eliminate potential risks. While a combination of manual and automated testing is ideal, it can be achieved using just manual. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;For the sake of this question, I will describe only this scenario – one where the feature toggles will NOT be turned on during this release.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Checking&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure there’s &lt;strong&gt;no possible way they could be toggled on production&lt;/strong&gt;. Limit permissions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure there is &lt;strong&gt;no trace of the feature&lt;/strong&gt;. Test manually navigating to urls. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Testing&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for irregularities in error quantities and site response time, not just in your code base, but across the product. &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform &lt;strong&gt;Automated Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: Run it often, early and late in the dev process. Run against old code currently on production versus new. Check for differences.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform &lt;strong&gt;Manual Regression&lt;/strong&gt;: Test these key areas:&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test areas you &lt;em&gt;know&lt;/em&gt; are &lt;strong&gt;closely connected&lt;/strong&gt; in code to the new feature. Then those that are &lt;em&gt;likely&lt;/em&gt; connected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test &lt;strong&gt;functionality that impacts a large percentage of the code base&lt;/strong&gt;to find any dependencies you may have missed&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your developer should be simultaneously getting code reviews to ensure the feature doesn’t reach further across the full product code in any unexpected ways&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test &lt;strong&gt;critical functionality&lt;/strong&gt; as well as &lt;strong&gt;commonly used features.&lt;/strong&gt; What does your app NEED to be able to do? What do most people use it for? What are the potential blockers that are the only reason some users use your site or app?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test the &lt;strong&gt;potential areas of highest risk.&lt;/strong&gt; This should be a team discussion hunting to prevent data loss, load/performance issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;To Be Continued As Soon As Possible...&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I apologize, but something has come up and I will have to finish the rest of the steps tomorrow. I’ll cover:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. The best way to implement feature toggles based on the feature scope&#xA;2. An absolutely solid plan for rolling out the release and feature toggle.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are &lt;strong&gt;crucial&lt;/strong&gt; for success, so I hope you get a chance to come back and take a peak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus, I promise to share some of my tips and tricks I’ve learned along the way, as well as a few examples of how feature toggles opened up new worlds of possibilities in some pretty unexpected ways. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7387" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T04:16:17.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12294" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12301" CreationDate="2015-02-27T12:26:51.197" Score="5" ViewCount="2054" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you test your unit-tests for false negatives (tests that pass but should have failed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I am writing a mission-critical class in JavaScript. To make sure every little nook and cranny is covered, we have well over 300 unit tests for it. From time to time, bugs are introduced but one or two relevant tests continue to pass, usually because of JavaScript's willingness to convert various data types to boolean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, one or two non-central tests pass for a long time, only to be revealed as false negatives upon close inspection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there well-worn patterns out there in the world used by great QA teams to hunt for false negatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11242" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-03-02T15:52:37.790" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T12:30:22.957" Title="How do you test your unit-tests for false negatives?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1001" CreationDate="2015-02-27T14:03:01.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming that a 'regular' web application is one that runs on bare metal or a virtualized infrastructure with tight SLAs (two nines and better) and doesn't requires scale or elasticity, then yes there is a big difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cloud VMs have an MTBF measured in months, so all components that your application depends on, computes, networks, storage, are error prone. Testing a cloud application thus becomes the problem of testing if your application behaves properly when any of these components fails. For the application to intelligently respond to failures cross-cuts into its functionality so fundamentally, cloud applications need to be tested differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second big difference injected by the highly unreliable components (but highly reliable infrastructure: please note that difference) is that there needs to be automation to deploy these components. That automation is integral to the functionality of the application and can exhibit very complex 'convergence' behavior. You suddenly need to test for idempotency of configuration processes, or forward progress on convergence. Those are attributes that small fixed asset applications never had to include in their operational QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, yes, big difference in QA approach between cloud applications and non-cloud applications. And clouds can be private or public, it is the MTBF characteristics of the components, elasticity, and scale that make the difference. Scalability is different from scale, and scalability does introduce a new functionality requirement, but testing for it is very different if you have 50 servers or 5000 servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11244" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T14:03:01.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2015-02-27T18:57:24.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although these two terms have been used to describe defects since the beginning of software development and testing, there are still many discussions on how to set these two defect terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been in the testing field for over 20 years, using many different testing tools and in many different organizations both public and private from which I have developed a way to define these fields based on the test phase that has been very affective and that both  business and development teams can agree with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Severity:&#xA;•   Severity is set based on the technical aspect of the failure during all test phases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Priority:&#xA;•   During SIT – set to indicate the fix order of the defects, when there are multiple defects for any given severity level.&#xA;•   During UAT - set based on the business requirement.&#xA;•   Combined SIT/UAT - set based on QA and Business agreement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Development Fixed and Delivered&#xA;•   During SIT the development team will fix defects based on severity and then priority.&#xA;•   During UAT or combined SIT &amp;amp; UAT the development team will fix defects based on Priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11247" LastActivityDate="2015-02-27T18:57:24.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12299" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-01T15:39:16.003" Score="0" ViewCount="1217" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I am facing problem to identify cause &lt;code&gt;@id&lt;/code&gt; is dynamic :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id='SubmissionWizard:LOBWizardStepGroup:LineWizardStepSet:WC7LineCoverageScreen:WC7LineCoverageCV:WC7ConditionsDV:5:CoverageInputSet:ConditionInputGroup:PolicyOwnerOfficerLV-body']//tr[RowIndex]//td[ColIndex+5]/div[@class='x-grid-cell-inner ']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above &lt;code&gt;@id&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SubmissionWizard:LOBWizardStepGroup:LineWizardStepSet:WC7LineCoverageScreen:WC7LineCoverageCV:WC7ConditionsDV:5:CoverageInputSet:ConditionInputGroup:PolicyOwnerOfficerLV-body&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In second attempt &lt;code&gt;@id&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SubmissionWizard:LOBWizardStepGroup:LineWizardStepSet:WC7LineCoverageScreen:WC7LineCoverageCV:WC7ConditionsDV:6:CoverageInputSet:ConditionInputGroup:PolicyOwnerOfficerLV-body&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot use contains also because similarity is there, so I need to handle this numbers before &lt;code&gt;coverageInputSet&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11254" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-03-01T16:16:50.003" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T10:10:34.913" Title="How to get unique xpath with dynamic @id?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-07T21:15:25.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12299" CreationDate="2015-03-01T18:32:18.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's just a counter (or another single value) that changes,  track it as a variable in your test method and concatinate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.Xpath(&quot;fixed path&quot; + counter + &quot;fixed path 2&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that's not enough, check &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/10342/how-to-find-element-using-contains-in-xpath&quot;&gt;this thread&lt;/a&gt; for some other tricks. It's basically the same question as yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-03-01T18:32:18.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12294" CreationDate="2015-03-01T21:09:19.160" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two (actually both are very similar) techniques in order to reveal the tests which tend to be &quot;false/positive&quot; ones – Error Seeding and Mutation Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The both principles are based on introducing the errors in the application's program code, mainly in the places where it will have the most dramatical effect for application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be for example changing the values of boolean operators (from &quot;true&quot; to &quot;false&quot;) or some arithmetic operations (from &quot;==&quot; to &quot;&gt;=&quot;) in order to see whether the test which is covering this functionality will fail or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a plenty of frameworks which automatically do that job for you. Please find related info in the already &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/246495/what-mutation-testing-frameworks-exist&quot;&gt;existing topic on StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to take a deeper look into theory of Error Seeding/Mutation Testing, the good start can be &lt;a href=&quot;http://laser.cs.umass.edu/courses/cs521-621.Fall10/documents/06-MutationTesting-R-2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this presentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-03-01T21:09:19.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12271" CreationDate="2015-03-01T22:50:57.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can look at this implementation in github. The code is written in c# using selenium, web driver. It implements Page object model&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sham332/CSharpSelenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/sham332/CSharpSelenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11258" LastActivityDate="2015-03-01T22:50:57.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12262" CreationDate="2015-03-02T08:17:58.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our highest bug priority is called &quot;system failure&quot;. So if a bug crashes the server or makes the whole application unuseable, like you cant login anymore, we use this priority. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this its regardless if the bug occures on beta, pre oder live. But such bugs are normally visible in early development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bugs which onnly &quot;crashes&quot; parts of the application are not allowed to get the highest priority. Furthermote as already set the priority also depends on if theres a workaround. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would say the first step to answer this question is to think about if the highest priority has further meaning like in our project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T08:17:58.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12299" CreationDate="2015-03-02T08:50:03.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is your ID, it is not good for testing anyways. If you cannot use contains, you have to drop the use of ID here and switch to classes and structure. Ask the programmers for test support and let them add meaningful semantic classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T08:50:03.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11999" CreationDate="2015-03-02T08:56:21.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;SMPP is complex, BUT basic sunny-day message transport is quite simple and straight forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I had a similar need I just wrote in Perl some code tot positive acknowledge a message and forwards it somewhere, I don't have (nor remember) the specifics but it was simple and took me only a few days to complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are too lazy to read the standard (like I was) you can use Wireshark to dissect some messages and start from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T08:56:21.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12307" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12308" CreationDate="2015-03-02T09:23:42.890" Score="5" ViewCount="2122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nervously looking at job posts, automation and programming is no longer &quot;good-to-have&quot;. It is almost a must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a manual tester looking to start working towards automated testing/test automation. I am completely &lt;strong&gt;overwhelmed&lt;/strong&gt; as far as where to start. I tried doing a quick Google search, to no avail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What programming languages do I need to be familiar with? What tools?&#xA;And just out of curiosity, what's popular in the job market?&#xA;For anyone who started in manual testing and is now an automated tester, what were some of the challenges?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice, words of wisdom, or links to other articles is welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Location, technologies, prior programming knowledge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. Europe&#xA;2. Web and mobile-application&#xA;3. Basic knowledge in Java&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My plan to become an automation tester:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; Learn Selenium using Java &amp;amp; TestNG. Learn QTP using VBScript,&#xA;&amp;gt; JMeter, LoadRunner for performance testing.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-07-03T14:58:35.117" LastActivityDate="2018-10-16T05:13:31.020" Title="What are good resources for a manual tester to transition to automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2015-03-02T09:57:04.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;After some good experience in manual testing , It is always good to move for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please start with following tools for automation testing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium web driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium support many programming languages like Java , c# , Python and some others also. It will help you to do automation testing for functionalists. For ex: Login , Register in website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter for Performance testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Jmeter you can do performance testing of applications. For ex: Load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good tutorials links :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/selenium-introduction/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Learn selenium web driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Learn Jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other lots of tools are available in market for automation. But it depends on your requirements that how and what you want automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my experience above 2 tools are very popular , open source and helpful for automation testing.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now If we talk about &lt;strong&gt;challenges&lt;/strong&gt; , then it is always there for any thing which you are going to try first time. But it can be learn easily if you understand how tools work and how you should use it as per your requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T09:57:04.460" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2015-03-02T10:08:12.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What programming language and test automation framework to learn first heavilly depends on a lot of factors like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The market you're trying to find a job at (USA, Europe, Asia)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The applications types you want to work with (Desktop, web- or mobile applications)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Previous programming experience with one of the languages (if applicable to you)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting an answer to those 3 questions above will help you to choose the right direction. There is no silver bullet in this case and you can't simply choose one programming language and one automation framework, learn all the basic stuff and be attractive to any employer on the market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would start learning in parallel two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One of the popular script programming language (like Python, Groovy, Ruby) in order to  get the basics of programming. There are hundreds of useful resources on the internet, where you can find tutorials, documentation and examples of how using the programming language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.codecademy.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeschool.com/paths&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.codeschool.com/paths&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;see the other options &lt;a href=&quot;http://alternativeto.net/software/codecademy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One or two of the widely-used test automation framework which is more or less independent (or supports more than one) from any of programming languages. This of course heavily depends on job/project context, but few good candidates are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; (take also look on Selenium IDE)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as you learn at least basics of those things, you'll be able to understand what you need exactly, and of course you'll also be able to demonsrate some basic skills with test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally I would recommend to be aware of technologies, development frameworks and programming languages you're working with. This will help you to have proper technical background which is very important to every tester, which want to understand how the software actually works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T10:08:12.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12310" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-02T10:08:36.437" Score="1" ViewCount="15136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on automation, while automating a form with number of drop-down's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with me is, when run the code in maximize mode of window it gives me an Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Cannot locate element with&#xA;  text: Computers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Build info: version: '2.44.0', revision: '76d78cf', time: '2014-10-23 20:03:00'&#xA;  System info: host: 'Rajesh-PC', ip: '192.168.0.120', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_31'&#xA;  Driver info: driver.version: unknown &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It touches the drop-down but the value is not being clicked. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I run same code in minimized window it execute all code successfully without any error, please go-through code of one drop-drown.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;industrySector-sector&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000*4); &#xA;new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;industrySectorsector&quot;))). selectByVisibleText(&quot;Computer Software&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;select[name=\&quot;industrySector-sector\&quot;] &amp;gt; option[value=\&quot;Computer Software\&quot;]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;industrySectorFilter&quot; class=&quot;custom-select select-width&quot; name=&quot;select-type&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select class=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;industrySector-sector&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;Industry Sector * &amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option data-type=&quot;43&quot; data-id=&quot;1&quot; value=&quot;Accounting - Finance&quot;&amp;gt;Accounting - Finance&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option data-type=&quot;43&quot; data-id=&quot;2&quot; value=&quot;Advertising&quot;&amp;gt;Advertising&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option data-type=&quot;43&quot; data-id=&quot;3&quot; value=&quot;Agriculture&quot;&amp;gt;Agriculture&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option data-type=&quot;43&quot; data-id=&quot;4&quot; value=&quot;Airline - Aviation&quot;&amp;gt;Airline - Aviation&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option data-type=&quot;43&quot; data-id=&quot;5&quot; value=&quot;Appliance&quot;&amp;gt;Appliance&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option data-type=&quot;43&quot; data-id=&quot;7&quot; value=&quot;Architecture - Building&quot;&amp;gt;Architecture - Building&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option data-type=&quot;43&quot; data-id=&quot;8&quot; value=&quot;Art - Photography - Journalism&quot;&amp;gt;Art - Photography - Journalism&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-03T22:31:35.990" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T06:30:15.387" Title="Selenium Cannot locate element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-07-18T06:54:07.683" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12312" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-02T13:39:57.393" Score="2" ViewCount="332" Body="&lt;p&gt;My boss and I had a meeting today and the topic was concerned with downtime for dev or QA. We currently work in an Agile environment. My boss wants to start working on dev for the next cycle while QA is going on for the previous sprint. His concern is that this goes against Agile convention. The compromise would be that the branches of development for the current sprint and future sprint would be kept separate. We agreed that it would behove us to reach out to the community and get feedback on the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:31:41.253" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:31:41.253" Title="Planning next sprint in Agile environment?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12312" CreationDate="2015-03-02T13:58:47.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, we're doing this exact thing you mention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing in the same three weeks as development is nefarious for testing time and quality overall, as you seem to have experienced. So, we're testing for two or three weeks after the development sprint has finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By delaying testing for a few weeks, you'll be working on a fully delivered sprint contract. This is beneficial in multiple ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no useless defects are logged (as would be when the stories are only partly developed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and the inverse is true: stories might impact each other. Once they're all developed, testing becomes much more interesting in terms of quality control.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, have a tester (or analyst) sit next to a developer and walk through the new screens or changes, &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; the dev sprint is done. It only takes an hour or two but gives the dev an opportunity to fix some easily spotted bugs before the actual testing round begins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it might go against the Agile spirit, but just like the V-Model or Waterfall, it is a theory. You need to modify it to make it work in your IT department. If you all feel that the change would improve the general development and testing process, don't hesitate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:31:34.037" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:31:34.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12314" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-02T17:03:56.073" Score="1" ViewCount="197" Body="&lt;p&gt;A typical job-post for a testing position:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirements:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Programming experience with Java, Python, VB or C#&#xA;Ability to write test cases and work with test-automation&#xA;Database knowledge&#xA;Experience in leading automation tools like QTP, Selenium, Ranorex&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, why do so many (nearly 90%) job lists post programming as a requirement? This is a testing position, not a programming position. I am very confused about his. Can someone explain this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11268" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T12:04:06.543" Title="Can someone clear-out these job posts for me once and for all?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-03-31T15:17:40.920" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12314" CreationDate="2015-03-02T17:07:22.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Position is &lt;strong&gt;test automation, not manual testing.&lt;/strong&gt; So obviously programming is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will NOT be developing production code, but automated test. You need different skill set from a developer, use different tools for different goals, use different design patterns, need different communication skills, because you will encounter different problems than core developers do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if your text is copied from job ad, it does not mean that HR/recruiter who posted the ad has full understanding what job all about. They were given keywords by hiring manager, and they slapped them together to get ad. It is &lt;strong&gt;your work as skilled professional&lt;/strong&gt; to understand your job, understand how skills might be misrepresented in job ad, and &lt;strong&gt;present your skills TO THEM&lt;/strong&gt; (gatekeepers who might have little clue about how job is performed in real life) &lt;strong&gt;in a way they will realize your skills are relevant&lt;/strong&gt;, so they will pass your resume to hiring manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot expect recruiters, or HR representatives, to be fully knowledgeable about all details of the job. &lt;strong&gt;Read every detail, and try to get insight from other professionals in the area, or even better, company insiders.&lt;/strong&gt; Quite often internal or vague terminology is used in job posting. Best recruiters know that, and know what hiring manager wants (info not mentioned in beyond job posting), because they know company or hiring manager, possibly even worked with him on hiring other candidates, or had some candidates for job rejected. As always, not all recruiters are best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, in ideal world it would be different - but we do not live in ideal world, AFAICT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-03-03T00:35:55.197" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T00:35:55.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12314" CreationDate="2015-03-02T17:40:21.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most automated testing frameworks require the user to either write in scripting language or in an actual programming language. Thus test automation equals writing code to run tests against the application. Maybe some frameworks work fully with recording the tests, but experience learns that recorded tests are harder to maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an automated test engineer I would also excepted you to have a basic understanding of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID_%28object-oriented_design%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;development patterns&lt;/a&gt;, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRY&lt;/a&gt;. In order to keep the test automation maintainable and clean, patterns as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;page object model&lt;/a&gt; can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T17:40:21.483" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12294" CreationDate="2015-03-02T18:36:31.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the techniques Victor mentioned, which introduce errors into the program code, you can also &lt;em&gt;introduce errors into the test code.&lt;/em&gt; I do this all the time as I'm test-driving new code. Make the test wrong, run it, and observe the results. Then make the test right... which might differ from how it was before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T18:36:31.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12314" CreationDate="2015-03-02T19:27:06.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My question is, why do so many (nearly 90%) job lists post programming as a requirement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without speaking to every job poster, this question is not answerable. I would guess that it's because test automation is more in vogue than manual testing, based on my on experiences of testing scalability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can only assume others have come to the same conclusion as I have that the cycle of hiring manual testers and then outsourcing their jobs isn't as productive as hiring automation testers in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is a testing position, not a programming position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the job requirements, this statement seems false. If someone asks for programming skills, then it's at least partially a programming position. Otherwise who is defining the position if not the organization seeking to fill it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am very confused about his. Can someone explain this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell: the job market is fickle. You'll see the same thing in other fields with things like DevOps changing the expectations of preexisting roles. Things change. It's tough but true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the plus side, automation testers tend to make much better salaries than manual testers and the resources for learning are everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a great time to be a QA if you want to dive in and get into automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T19:27:06.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11925" CreationDate="2015-03-02T19:39:15.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before you prepare a test plan, first understand the requirements thoroughly and make up your mindset to see the software in end-user perspective.Then jot down all your requirements to chunks of use cases. With the help of use cases try to create test suites. each test suite having logical value of use cases(The logic will help you strategic the testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think your self how to certify that particular software is having good quality(Objective)? for this prepare list of exit/acceptance criteria. Now to meet those exit criteria what are all required to test gives you entry criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Factorize the end user perspective to design/plan the way you test the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are able to do all the points said above then We can say Testing is planned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;The more you understand, more can be measured and more is quality&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11273" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T19:39:15.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11925" CreationDate="2015-03-02T20:09:21.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way test planning is &lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.com/2011/09/10-minute-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;done at Google&lt;/a&gt; might be insightful for you as it directly attempts to tackle the issues you're facing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a book that goes into more detail that I personally recommend called &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321803027&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How Google Tests Software&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly they focus on describing the three most important dimensions of the product (in the book they further describe how they quickly rank and prioritize the specific the descriptions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Attributes the adverbs and adjectives that describe the high level concepts testing is meant to ensure. Attributes such as fast, usable,&#xA;  secure, accessible and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Components the nouns that define the major code chunks that comprise the product. These are classes, module names and features of&#xA;  the application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Capabilities the verbs that describe user actions and activities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T20:09:21.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2015-03-02T23:30:11.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the best way to learn is to &quot;scratch your own itch&quot; - this has the advantage that you're immediately applying what you learn, which helps you learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you're currently testing a login page, spend time figuring out how to automate the checks you're doing.  Checking user permissions?  Figure out how to read the permissions from the DB, verify they match what you see in the UI, etc.  In other words, anything you're already doing now that has clear conditions (and doesn't require lots of human interpretation) is good for automating.  No specific technology recommendations as it's not clear what kind of environment you're in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say lots of people fall into automation somewhat naturally - they end up writing a batch script to setup or teardown their test environment . . . then they end up reading the database automatically and end up comparing it to what they see on the screen . . . etc, etc.  Lots of small steps building towards a goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing I'd stress is automation isn't something you learn and you're done with.  It's not like getting a cert . . . the fields constantly changing and there's constantly new technologies to learn, build on, try out new ideas, etc.  I think this is one of the things that ends up keeping a lot of people from transitioning from manual to automated testing - they seem to have the idea that they just need to &lt;em&gt;foobar&lt;/em&gt;, and by the time they learn &lt;em&gt;foobar&lt;/em&gt;, it may be dated (and in the worst case, not even applicable to what they wanted to use it for).  That's part of tech - new ideas, techniques, technologies, etc, keep it ever changing, and if you're going to be doing automation, you're going to need to keep learning and adapting . . . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T23:30:11.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12314" CreationDate="2015-03-02T23:46:20.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A typical job-post for a testing position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This job description seems to be describing someone who has more programmatic and automation experience than someone with testing experience. That's not to say the &lt;strong&gt;best&lt;/strong&gt; person for this job won't have both, but the JD seems to focus on desired automation skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't comment on this being &quot;typical&quot; of job descriptions, nor can I comment on what this particular company wants from this person. I can speculate as to why job descriptions might go this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My question is, why do so many (nearly 90%) job lists post programming as a requirement? This is a testing position, not a programming position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think &lt;strong&gt;testing&lt;/strong&gt; is? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;strong&gt;testing is&lt;/strong&gt; a skilled, technical investigation designed to reveal information about a product or service under test. By technical I mean it involves the use of technology. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means testers need to be &lt;strong&gt;skilled&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;effective technical investigators&lt;/strong&gt;. In order to investigate technology we may need to understand how it works from many different approaches including but not limited to black box and white box (where we understand the internal code). In order to be effective we need to deal with the growing and complex nature of software and so I think the future dictates testers understand and work with technology in a programmatic way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-03-02T23:46:20.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12323" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-03T00:28:36.420" Score="1" ViewCount="1505" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Tsung 1.5.1 load testing script that works on a different system crashes as soon as I start it, with the following cryptic Erlang error. What could be the cause?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ tsung -f test1.xml -l ~/Desktop start&#xA;Starting Tsung&#xA;&quot;Log directory is: /home/username/Desktop/20150302-1606&quot;&#xA;Config Error, aborting ! {{badmatch,{error,enoent}},&#xA;                  [{ts_config_http,parse_config,2,&#xA;                       [{file,&#xA;                            &quot;src/tsung_controller/ts_config_http.erl&quot;},&#xA;                        {line,63}]},&#xA;                   {lists,foldl,3,[{file,&quot;lists.erl&quot;},{line,1261}]},&#xA;                   {ts_config,parse,2,&#xA;                       [{file,&quot;src/tsung_controller/ts_config.erl&quot;},&#xA;                        {line,437}]},&#xA;                   {lists,foldl,3,[{file,&quot;lists.erl&quot;},{line,1261}]},&#xA;                   {ts_config,handle_read,3,&#xA;                       [{file,&quot;src/tsung_controller/ts_config.erl&quot;},&#xA;                        {line,85}]},&#xA;                   {ts_config,read,2,&#xA;                       [{file,&quot;src/tsung_controller/ts_config.erl&quot;},&#xA;                        {line,70}]},&#xA;                   {ts_config_server,handle_call,3,&#xA;                       [{file,&#xA;                            &quot;src/tsung_controller/ts_config_server.erl&quot;},&#xA;                        {line,206}]},&#xA;                   {gen_server,try_handle_call,4,&#xA;                       [{file,&quot;gen_server.erl&quot;},{line,607}]}]}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's nothing in the test log (&lt;code&gt;tsung.log&lt;/code&gt; is a zero-byte file). The &lt;code&gt;tsung_controller@*.log&lt;/code&gt; file contains the same error with the following additional information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=ERROR REPORT==== 2-Mar-2015::16:06:51 ===&#xA;** Generic server ts_config_server terminating &#xA;** Last message in was {get_monitor_hosts}&#xA;** When Server state == {state,undefined,&#xA;                           &quot;/home/username/Desktop/20150302-1606&quot;,0,0,0,&#xA;                           undefined,1,undefined,hostname,0,0,undefined,&#xA;                           undefined}&#xA;** Reason for termination == &#xA;** {{badrecord,config},&#xA;    [{ts_config_server,handle_call,3,&#xA;                   [{file,&quot;src/tsung_controller/ts_config_server.erl&quot;},&#xA;                    {line,335}]},&#xA;     {gen_server,try_handle_call,4,[{file,&quot;gen_server.erl&quot;},{line,607}]},&#xA;     {gen_server,handle_msg,5,[{file,&quot;gen_server.erl&quot;},{line,639}]},&#xA;     {proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3,[{file,&quot;proc_lib.erl&quot;},{line,237}]}]}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've installed Tsung from the Fedora package repository, and even tried removing the package and installing from source. The simple example scripts included with Tsung work without problem. The DTDs references at the top of the configuration file are valid and present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2908" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2015-05-17T19:08:14.160" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T19:08:14.160" Title="Tsung aborts with cryptic badmatch enoent Erlang error" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;tsung&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12323" CreationDate="2015-03-03T00:37:46.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem turned out to be that the Tsung script included a file that was not present on the local file system. My experience suggests that if Erlang gives an &lt;code&gt;enoent&lt;/code&gt; badmatch error, it can't find a file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the culprit. In a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;request&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag, the &lt;code&gt;contents_from_file&lt;/code&gt; setting points to a non-existent file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;http url=&quot;/path?param1=%%_parameter1value_%%&quot;&#xA;    content_type='text/plain' method=&quot;POST&quot; version=&quot;1.1&quot; &#xA;    contents_from_file=&quot;folder/post_content.txt&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2908" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T00:37:46.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12314" CreationDate="2015-03-03T12:04:06.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This looks like a position description for automated testing, which means writing automation code to run tests against the company's software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's possible in your area there's a bigger emphasis on automation than I'm accustomed to, along with the understanding that good test automation requires programming skill. This is a &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; thing, especially if, as you say, 90% of position descriptions have this kind of requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As other posters have said, the main purpose of any testing position is to test software. This requires technical skills even if there is no automation or programming involved - if you can read code you can trace logic and give more information to developers than simply &quot;this screen doesn't display the correct information&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With database skills, you can do things like step through a transaction and work out exactly where it's going wrong, or whether a problem is caused by bad data (or the application is expecting a different type of data than the database is supplying). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With programming skills, you can write code that will run defined tests - these won't be all the tests you perform, but they will allow you to know that nothing has broken that particular function. You can also write code to pump a lot of transactions through a system, or code to generate data, or code to archive application log files so you don't end up with a log file that's 2 GB of text and takes forever to load when you need to find what went wrong (I've done all these things).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T12:04:06.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12294" CreationDate="2015-03-03T12:30:22.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm seeing two distinct questions here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you write automated tests that don't generate false positives or false negatives?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you check existing automated tests for false positives or false negatives?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both have somewhat different answers: Dale's answer is a good one for writing tests in a way that protects against false positives and false negatives. Victor's is good for checking existing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few more thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With JavaScript, you can check data types and perform explicit casts as part of your comparison checks. It's awkward, but it tends to help. The same goes for any other weakly typed or untyped language. Using object-based comparisons rather than direct comparisons helps too (object.equals(otherObject) rather than object == otherObject). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When building the test, run it against failing and passing scenarios, as many as you can think of. You won't get them all, but this will help to make sure you don't accidentally pass a failing scenario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep each test as granular as possible. Depending on your tool and your language, this can be challenging - there is always a tension between granular, independent tests and DRY code. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where the code you are testing has dependencies, mock/fake/stub/shim them (including with good and bad data)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include boundary and intersection data - I've found that most hidden bugs tend to lurk around boundaries or around the intersection of multiple objects (which is where having a really good helper library that fakes out all the other objects with a wide variety of good and bad data is helpful)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data driven tests, preferably with the test data stored somewhere other than the test code. Having one test routine that cycles through every row in a CSV file (or some similar input) means it's a lot easier to add tests that could potentially cause false positives or false negatives than if the data has to be stored in code and recompiled.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple levels of testing help, too. Unit tests are fantastic, but having feature level and integration level automated tests as well as end-to-end automation helps to catch false positives and false negatives because of the different kinds of checking that's being done by each type of automated test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T12:30:22.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12329" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-03T13:42:40.357" Score="7" ViewCount="25947" Body="&lt;p&gt;For mobile application automation I am using appium and in that following things are mandatory: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebDriver wd;&#xA;    File app=new File(&quot;Path\\to\\WhatsApp.apk&quot;);&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities dc=new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;    dc.setCapability(CapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME,&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    dc.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;MOTO X&quot;);&#xA;    dc.setCapability(&quot;plateformVersion&quot;, &quot;4.4.4&quot;);&#xA;    dc.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;    dc.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, app.getAbsolutePath());     &#xA;&#xA;    dc.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.whatsapp&quot;);&#xA;    dc.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;com.whatsapp.Main&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    URL url=new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;);&#xA;    wd=new AndroidDriver(url, dc);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is OK for whatsapp as we can easily get but i wanted to know that how could i know any &lt;strong&gt;activityname&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;default contact dialler,camera&lt;/strong&gt; or any other default inbuilt functionality? Also how could i know xpath/id (like we do get in browser) in mobile app?&#xA;Is there any one who could help me with that? i am just beginner to appium.Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10865" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T10:57:55.057" LastActivityDate="2020-01-02T09:53:59.977" Title="Appium: How to find installed app's package name and its main Activity in Appium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12330" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-03T15:15:10.123" Score="1" ViewCount="2332" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is related to how should I approach with creating selenium automation framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I googled and studied few frameworks. Also, I created my own framework in which I was taking input from excel and executing the steps accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came to know about dictionary concept of QTP in selenium using Hash Map Util.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please provide input about how to implement this Hash Map dictionary or any reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4349" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-03T21:28:20.063" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T21:28:20.063" Title="Selenium Automation Framework Design Technique" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12330" CreationDate="2015-03-03T15:30:08.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work/8491#8491&quot;&gt;How to minimize maintenance&lt;/a&gt; - short summaries of best practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best way is to create test suite for an application. Abstract out generic parts. Then try to use generic parts on different test suite, and generalize what you need to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After three apps, you have a base for framework - you separated generic parts from specific parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to have incredible design skills - if you have those, you don't need to ask how. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me explain in more details: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone HAS skills to design framework upfront, s/he is one of a million and very likely will not waste time here to ask how. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if does not have skills, trying to start with framework BEFORE you solved special cases for few applications and developed a &quot;feel&quot; for problem area will end up in failure: you will add many features you THINK you need, or looks cool, or are good fit for different application, but fail YAGNI: you ain't gonna need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So IMNSHO &lt;strong&gt;starting with framework is wrong and waste of time&lt;/strong&gt;. Framework is a &lt;strong&gt;result of abstracting common parts from few solution you designed and proven to work&lt;/strong&gt;. Yes, it helps to use good design patterns from the beginning, but there is NO REPLACEMENT of solving real life problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course OP might be incredible skilled designer way beyond my skill level, and I am wrong. But i like my chances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently doing similar thing: building bunch of tests, and adding generic methods, so writing tests is getting easier. I already did big global refactoring three times, and maybe 30% of original design is preserved. Maybe OP has better skills than I do, and could foresee all that changes, and could have started with better design. Or maybe not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T17:48:40.397" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12330" CreationDate="2015-03-03T16:20:59.663" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your language, and building tools choices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Selenium, look into the PageObject model. That pattern will provide you with a very good starter point about how to structure and group your test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Building a framework is indeed, not an easy task. You have to have an eye for the future of what you would like to achieve and how far do you want that framework to take. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, you have several options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actor / Command pattern&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mixing things up with Cucumber&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mixing things up with Spock&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include it into the build process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make it live next to the application's own code base&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To list a few. Cucumber and Spock will give you the ability to use Given When Then style test cases which will make your tests more understandable. The more you understand them, the easier it will be to maintain and group them properly. The Actor / Command design pattern will give you some flexibility if you are testing a REST API for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have your actors who will &quot;execute()&quot; certain commands which all implement a common interface called Command. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, grouping can occur at project level. If you have a multi layered application with parts that differ, for example a portal for one time, or language, customer; another portal for admin users; a portal for various minuscule items. In that case, I would suggest creating a CORE library which is shared between INDIVIDUAL application relating projects. Building these could be achieved very easily with Gradle / Grails / Maven. The Core can be a shared library as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are ample of things in design and I think I only scratched the surface here, though I hope I could provide you with some starter points. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="153" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T16:20:59.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12333" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12335" CreationDate="2015-03-03T16:57:09.477" Score="7" ViewCount="1028" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to become a test automation engineer in the future. The thing that is concerning me is this:&#xA;I have always thought that test automation is using record-playback to test different application. But when I look at job-posts, nearly all of them require programming skills. Why is this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of a job-post (one of many, many, many who are the same).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Automation Engineer:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Responsible for authoring automated test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Automation using C# and Selenium Webdriver (Not Selenium IDE) / Sikuli&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Service layer testing using C# and one of NUnit, xUnit, etc. Familiarity with Moq a plus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Backend SOAP XML using SOAP UI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please Note: The QA Automation Engineer will author C# code (automation is not record and playback).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very scary to me. I am a manual tester wanting to become an automation engineer. Any tips?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11284" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2019-05-02T22:05:44.597" Title="Test Automation Engineer, no record-playback?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12333" CreationDate="2015-03-03T17:21:07.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;record-playback is extremely limited - in example, if you recorded today's date, how you will run your test tomorrow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good test can detect different situations and react accordingly - it is way beyond record-playback. So, good test are programs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tip for you: seems that many manual testers can feel the inevitable change to increase use of automated testing (NOT replacing manual testing). We have at least 3 such question every week, check previous answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T17:21:07.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12333" CreationDate="2015-03-03T17:54:59.103" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recording tests often leads to hard to maintain tests, therefore most experienced testers prefer hand coding automated tests over recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests often cover the same area multiple times, in order to setup data, or for example navigation. When a central part of the application changes this could result in multiple tests failing, all these tests need to be re-recorded or manual changed. Large applications could have thousands of automated test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is therefore, important that the test tool/framework supports reusability of steps, any duplicated steps should be centralised. Because of this step reuse and repeatability of steps often the frameworks introduce an API around one or more programming languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recording tests can be a great time saver for setting up a test for new functionality since most recording tools have the ability to export the test to code. The recorded tool will find most control selectors (unique identification of objects) for you. Afterwards, you can remove the duplication and clean up the test so it becomes more maintainable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another big plus is that developers can often run and update tests from their IDE, when changing functionality they can run the tests to verify they did not break anything or change the identifiers in the test without the need for an recording tool or a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do you need testers then? They have a different view on the world on how and what should be tested. Mainly you need them to make sure the right things get tested. Also I think they are less prone to taking shortcuts and have a love for testing in general, combining developers and testers in a team to create test coverage for all new functionality is dream come true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer relates to this question, why do you need development skills for testing jobs: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12314/can-someone-clear-out-these-job-posts-for-me-once-and-for-all/12316#12316&quot;&gt;Can someone clear-out these job posts for me once and for all?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T20:25:54.033" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12333" CreationDate="2015-03-03T17:56:11.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Automation is an extremely broad subject. It doesn't just mean performing regression testing or load testing with a specific tool, although that's often what employers want (it's easy to identify). The ability to create specific programmatic solutions to help you test is &lt;strong&gt;hugely valuable&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over the years automation tool vendors have tried to make the market bigger (create more sales) by lowering the barrier to entry for those tools. One of the ways they did this was through record and playback features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bret Pettichord (who co-authored Lessons Learned in Software Testing), gives a fascinating background on record and playback in his &lt;strong&gt;Keynote address is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_CUPs6xAWw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; video&lt;/strong&gt;. He talks about how the Selenium group created the IDE because they wanted to be popular knowing it was a terrible product. Anyways it's definitely worth watching. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question is very similar to another I answered: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/12322/1455&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/12322/1455&lt;/a&gt;. Being a skilled and effective technical investigator &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T17:56:11.103" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12330" CreationDate="2015-03-03T20:36:41.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to share more general answer to this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An absolutely must-have book which should be read by anyone touching the topic of designing the architecture of automated testing framework (regardless to programming language) is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.de/Experiences-Test-Automation-Studies-Software/dp/0321754069&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Experiences of Test Automation: Case Studies of Software Test Automation&lt;/a&gt; by Dorothy Graham and Mark Fewster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on real experience from a big number of software development projects, the authors have prepared short and concrete summaries on each of the aspects of test automation framework: from design to management issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll also find there a lot of insights, success and fail stories, and I hope it will be useful to you in the matter of avoiding the basic mistakes when designing your framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T20:36:41.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12310" CreationDate="2015-03-03T22:24:31.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its very hard to answers questions like this, without being able to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/news/2009/07/Selenium-Debugging-Tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;debug&lt;/a&gt; and run the test code it self, but here is a try going over your code top to bottom:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why are you using a sleep?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(1000*4);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you want to wait for the element to be visible as describe in the post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://software-testing-tutorials-automation.blogspot.nl/2014/02/selenium-webdriver-how-to-wait-till.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://software-testing-tutorials-automation.blogspot.nl/2014/02/selenium-webdriver-how-to-wait-till.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name(&quot;industrySectorsector&quot;))));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because maybe waiting 4 seconds is not enough when the screen is maximized, while it is when its minimized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The select the dropdown works a bit simpler according to this post: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12940592/how-to-select-an-item-from-a-dropdown-list-using-selenium-webdriver-with-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12940592/how-to-select-an-item-from-a-dropdown-list-using-selenium-webdriver-with-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You only need the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;industrySector-sector&quot;)));&#xA;dropdown.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Computer Software&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a - missing in the By.Name in your example code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you do not even need to click it to open, unless the onClick triggers an event to populate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You don't need to click on the dropdown element again afterwards, this is what the selectByVisibleText function is for &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Also I do not see a option &lt;strong&gt;Computer Software&lt;/strong&gt; in your HTML snippet, maybe its correct this option is missing?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T22:35:03.553" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8714" CreationDate="2015-03-03T23:34:17.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Similar question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/27943565/168205&quot;&gt;Non HTTP response message: The target server failed to respond: Is my server failing to handle load&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you upgraded recently to JMeter 2.10 or 2.11, you may have noticed&#xA;  increased errors of this type:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Socket closed&#xA;&#xA;Non HTTP response code: org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException (the target server failed to respond) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The increase of this type of errors can be explained by two settings&#xA;  changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;retry of failing request (idempotent ones only) has been disabled in JMeter 2.10&#xA;&#xA;stale check in HTTP Client 3 and 4 implementations has been disabled in JMeter 2.11&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11276" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-03-03T23:34:17.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12353" CreationDate="2015-03-04T07:05:05.033" Score="-1" ViewCount="1693" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have requirement that needs to check a  div on home page that contains sub images. I am trying like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Sample Code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports.openurl('www.google.com', &quot;Online Shopping | Buy Phones, Computers,Fashion&quot;);&#xA;driver.sleep(5000);&#xA;module.exports.scrollto(0,400);          &#xA;driver.isElementPresent(webdriver.By.xpath(fexpath)).then(function(present){&#xA;    if (present){&#xA;        //goes logic here&#xA;    }else{&#xA;        //everytime its going here                &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I am getting false as return value. I'm not sure what I'm doing wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-03-04T13:34:58.160" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T03:19:18.607" Title="After scrolling the page, xpath of a element is not present" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9649" CreationDate="2015-03-04T08:34:28.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to provide more context in order to get useful answers, what would you expect from a question about &quot;testing stationary applications&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mobile application is...an application and you test it as such in the context of the environment which happens to be mobile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes there are some relevant tools, but like in the stationary case using them depends on your needs, environment and knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest starting small (or big, depends on your point of view)- learn to test first,  and yes an Iphone 3gs is as good as any other phone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choose an application and start testing it... if you want to do something meaningful try an open source app. Google &quot;ios open source apps&quot; and choose something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://apps.wordpress.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WordPres for iOS&lt;/a&gt; (supports only iOS 7 that is not available for iPhone 3gs) and report real bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2015-03-04T21:01:23.290" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T21:01:23.290" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12342" CreationDate="2015-03-04T10:03:05.750" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;U should try scroll to element. it is in api. Element should be visible to interact with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did it occurs when windows is maximized?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did it work with css locator? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it browser dependent?(on all drivers or specific one).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T10:03:05.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12342" CreationDate="2015-03-04T15:17:32.787" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best practices recommend to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work/8491#8491&quot;&gt;use XPath as locator of last resort&lt;/a&gt;. Did you tried locating element by ID or name? Or even CSS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T22:43:11.067" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12277" CreationDate="2015-03-04T20:04:26.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;0 down vote unaccept&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will explain how we dealt with the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've implemented Google Analytics event tracking on our site, so it would check every link to see if it is an external one. A reg-ex for that was written to check links, but it did not incorporate the way I was bypassing basic authentication &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://LOGIN:PASSWORD@yoursite.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://LOGIN:PASSWORD@yoursite.com&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. Therefore GA thought every link was an external one and GA injected its .js with &quot;_blank&quot; attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8719" LastActivityDate="2015-03-04T20:04:26.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-05T08:00:41.417" Score="-3" ViewCount="695" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package mypackage;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;@SuppressWarnings(&quot;unused&quot;)&#xA;public class myclass {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        String baseUrl = &quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&quot;;&#xA;        FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        String underConsTitle = &quot;Under Construction: Mercury Tours&quot;;&#xA;       ((Object) ((org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver) (FirefoxDriver) &#xA;                 driver.manage1()).timeouts()).implicitlyWait(5, &#xA;                 TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        ((FirefoxDriver) driver).get(baseUrl);&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; linkElements = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;        String[] linkTexts = new String[linkElements.size()];&#xA;        int i = 0;&#xA;&#xA;        //extract the link texts of each link element&#xA;        for (WebElement e : linkElements) {&#xA;            linkTexts[i] = ((WebElement) e).getText();&#xA;            i++;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        //test each link&#xA;        for (String t : linkTexts) {&#xA;           ((FirefoxDriver) driver.findElements(By.linkText(t))).click();&#xA;    if (driver.getTitle().equals(underConsTitle)) {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;\&quot;&quot; + t + &quot;\&quot;&quot;&#xA;                        + &quot; is under construction.&quot;);&#xA;            } else {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;\&quot;&quot; + t + &quot;\&quot;&quot;&#xA;                        + &quot; is working.&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            ((FirefoxDriver) driver.navigate()).back();&#xA;        }&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private static FirefoxDriver FirefoxDriver(Object manage1) {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;        return null;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11300" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-05T08:10:34.530" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T08:23:25.390" Title="selenium webdriver getting error as with implicitlyWait was undefined" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12349" CreationDate="2015-03-05T08:14:33.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;((Object) ((org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver)&#xA;  (FirefoxDriver) &#xA;               driver.&lt;strong&gt;manage1&lt;/strong&gt;()).timeouts()).implicitlyWait(5, &#xA;               TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;manage + 1 ? I think your problem is the 1 in this line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you use a IDE (like &lt;a href=&quot;https://netbeans.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;netbeans&lt;/a&gt;), it should show where the error is.&#xA;Also do you have developers around, they should be able to help you with finding basic runtime issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-05T08:23:25.390" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T08:23:25.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12349" CreationDate="2015-03-05T08:20:01.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actual syntax is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, &#xA;                   TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in you case please remove 1 from below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;((Object) ((org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver) (FirefoxDriver) &#xA;                   driver.manage1()).timeouts()).implicitlyWait(5, &#xA;                   TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T08:20:01.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11946" CreationDate="2015-03-05T10:09:11.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had got the same issue with web performance test in Visual Studio 2013.&#xA;Some redirects in my application contains a white space in their url&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;Object moved to &amp;lt;a href=&quot;/Error/SubErr.aspx?GROUP=MED SH&amp;amp;amp;USER=DAVID GOUPIL&quot;&amp;gt;here&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When visual studio attempts this redirect, the web test returns a Bad request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I finally use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms243191.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebTestPlugin&lt;/a&gt; to encode each query string parameters before each requests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public override void PreRequest(object sender, PreRequestEventArgs e)&#xA;{&#xA;    foreach (var queryStringParam in e.Request.QueryStringParameters)&#xA;        queryStringParam.UrlEncode = true;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And add this event to the &lt;code&gt;PreRequest&lt;/code&gt; event on &lt;code&gt;MyWebTest&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private MyWebTestPlugin myPlugin = new MyWebTestPlugin();     &#xA;public MyWebTest()&#xA;{&#xA;    this.PreAuthenticate = true;&#xA;    this.Proxy = &quot;default&quot;;&#xA;    this.PreRequest += this.myPlugin.PreRequest;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11291" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T10:09:11.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12342" CreationDate="2015-03-05T10:46:12.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your suggestions Guys&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have solved my problem by using the javascript executor. Below is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = driver.findElement(webdriver.By.xpath(xpath));&#xA;driver.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="5767" LastEditDate="2015-03-06T02:01:13.280" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T02:01:13.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7028" CreationDate="2015-03-05T23:14:54.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try again with the latest version of the &lt;code&gt;maven-surefire-plugin&lt;/code&gt;. This is the config I am using which works fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.18.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parallel&amp;gt;all&amp;lt;/parallel&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;threadCount&amp;gt;10&amp;lt;/threadCount&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just keep in mind not to use non final static variables (if you really need them you could wrap them in a InheritableThreadLocal instance)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11310" LastActivityDate="2015-03-05T23:14:54.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-06T00:56:53.247" Score="1" ViewCount="674" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created a custom extraction for a query string. However, when I run the test, I receive the following error: Context parameter 'parameterName' not found in test context. Have you seen this error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11311" LastActivityDate="2015-04-05T08:38:32.533" Title="Custom query string extraction for visual studio web test" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12358" CreationDate="2015-03-06T07:41:38.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A common error message. Several causes are possible from you question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check whether the context parameter is actually there, perhaps there is a spelling mistake where is is set or where it is used. In the log showing the error message, look in the &lt;strong&gt;Context&lt;/strong&gt; tab which show all the context parameters. Also check in the &lt;strong&gt;Context&lt;/strong&gt; tab of one or two later requests as it may be set but not where or when you expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you have actually saved the extracted value into the context parameter. That needs code like:&#xA;ouro&#xA;    e.WebTest.Context.Add(this.ContextParameterName, theValueYourCodeExtracts);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure the extraction rule is called on the correct request of the test and make sure that the correct context parameter is named in the properties of that call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error you show reports &lt;code&gt;parameterName&lt;/code&gt; not found and that looks like a default name for the field, not a name that would be used in a real test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T07:41:38.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-06T15:10:19.273" Score="4" ViewCount="2146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to replace Firefox with PhantomJS for our PHPUnit-run Selenium tests. However, I haven't got a clue how to start. When we're using Firefox, something like this is in our code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;setBrowser(&quot;firefox&quot;);&#xA;$this-&amp;gt;setFirefoxBinary(&quot;/path/to/firefox&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, Phantom should probably be started as another service and when I run this command as suggested on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ghostdriver homepage&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; phantomjs --webdriver=8080 --webdriver-selenium-grid-hub=http://127.0.0.1:4444&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It just fails with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[INFO  - 2015-03-06T14:55:02.431Z] GhostDriver - Main - running on port 8080&#xA;[INFO  - 2015-03-06T14:55:02.438Z] GhostDriver - Main - registering to Selenium HUB 'http://127.0.0.1:4444' version:  using '127.0.0.1:8080' with org.openqa.grid.selenium.proxy.DefaultRemoteProxy as remote proxy.&#xA;[ERROR - 2015-03-06T14:55:02.462Z] GhostDriver - main.fail - {&quot;line&quot;:96,&quot;sourceURL&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;stack&quot;:&quot;\tat \n\tat global code (:/ghostdriver/main.js:78:37)&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;  :262 in error&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't been able to find any tutorials or anything for the new version 2.0, has anyone got it working?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10921" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T21:11:49.100" Title="PhantomJS 2.0 + PHPUnit + Selenium: anyone got it working?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12362" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-06T15:29:04.583" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for alternative ways for developers to specify and maintain a list of files that need to be installed on the target system - to be communicated to the build team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my small company we currently have an Excel spreadsheet system - a certain template for each product has a list of files together with attributes like what directory to install to, whether an EXE needs to be registered as a service, preserve contents on upgrade, etc....&#xA;The build team uses this spreadsheet as the sole source of information for creating InstallShield builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everyone seems to think the spreadsheet system is confusing. But no one has a better idea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do people do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11317" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T21:34:53.567" Title="Ways to specify list of files for a build?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12363" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-06T18:20:05.067" Score="0" ViewCount="514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been recently reading a lot about performance testing and I really like it. My plan is to move my career into that specialty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the best tools in demand right now?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is the future in performance testing? Good or bad, and why? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is performance testing critical and important for companies?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-07T09:40:03.737" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T06:38:40.697" Title="Performance Testing Career" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-03-24T04:59:40.080" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12365" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-06T21:59:34.693" Score="4" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created a web performance test for a Salesforce workflow using visual studio. I created a custom extraction to retrieve a parameter from a query string. However, the request with the query string is after the request that lists the query string parameters. When I attempt to do the extraction before the request, the parameter is not found (which would be expected). After significant research, I haven't been able to find a workaround. Thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11312" LastActivityDate="2015-03-06T21:59:34.693" Title="Passing a dynamically created query string for Salesforce application" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-07T03:00:59.547" Score="2" ViewCount="2692" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have my test written in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, for overnight run, my &lt;a href=&quot;http://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; machine do get locked. I want to understand if anyone has encountered and solved this issue before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: If I manually &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RDP&lt;/a&gt; into my Jenkins machine and have create an active session then all Sikuli test pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I cannot leave my Jenkins slave unlocked due to security or manually login via RDP in night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11320" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T12:15:46.397" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T12:15:46.397" Title="Sikuli with jenkins setup for continuous integration" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12367" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-07T07:02:12.683" Score="4" ViewCount="866" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are my settings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My &lt;strong&gt;SDK path&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;code&gt;-/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My &lt;strong&gt;APK path&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;-/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/platform-tools/Setmore.apk&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given &lt;strong&gt;Package name, Launch Activity,Platform Name, Automation Name, Platform Version and Device name&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In General Settings, I have enabled &lt;strong&gt;Check for Updates&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Prelauch appln&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I run &lt;em&gt;appium&lt;/em&gt; with the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;export ANDROID_HOME=&amp;quot;usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk&amp;quot;; '/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node/bin/node' lib/server/main.js --pre-launch --automation-name &amp;quot;Appium&amp;quot; --platform-name &amp;quot;Android&amp;quot; --platform-version &amp;quot;4.4&amp;quot; --app &amp;quot;/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/platform-tools/Setmore.apk&amp;quot; --app-pkg &amp;quot;com.adaptavant.setmore&amp;quot; --app-activity &amp;quot;.ui.SetmoreLoginActivity&amp;quot; --device-name &amp;quot;Google Nexus 4&amp;quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/Users/sathiya/.bash_profile: line 3:&#xA;/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/build-tools: is a&#xA;directory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/Users/sathiya/.bash_profile: line 5:&#xA;/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/platform-tools: is a&#xA;directory /Users/sathiya/.bash_profile: line 8:&#xA;/Users/sathiya/.p/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/platform-tools/apirofile:&#xA;No such file or directory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Starting Appium in pre-launch mode&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;info: Pre-launching app&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Using local app from command line:&#xA;/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/platform-tools/Setmore.apk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Creating new appium session&#xA;a10600c8-ec32-489d-8700-e772c0038efa info: Starting android appium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Getting Java version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;info: Java version is: 1.8.0_40&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Checking whether adb is present&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;error: uncaughtException: ENOENT, no such file or directory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/build-tools'&#xA;date=Sat Mar 07 2015 12:23:41 GMT+0530 (IST), pid=8102, uid=502,&#xA;gid=20,&#xA;cwd=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium,&#xA;execPath=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node/bin/node,&#xA;version=v0.12.0,&#xA;argv=[/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node/bin/node,&#xA;/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/lib/server/main.js,&#xA;--pre-launch, --automation-name, Appium, --platform-name, Android, --platform-version, 4.4, --app, /usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/platform-tools/Setmore.apk,&#xA;--app-pkg, com.adaptavant.setmore, --app-activity, .ui.SetmoreLoginActivity, --device-name, Google Nexus 4],&#xA;rss=82657280, heapTotal=66926080, heapUsed=44453472,&#xA;loadavg=[2.06689453125, 2.0908203125, 2.08740234375], uptime=73702,&#xA;trace=[column=null, file=null, function=Error, line=null, method=null,&#xA;native=true, column=18, file=fs.js, function=Object.fs.readdirSync,&#xA;line=765, method=fs.readdirSync, native=false, column=18,&#xA;file=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-adb/lib/helpers.js,&#xA;function=exports.getDirectories, line=100, method=getDirectories,&#xA;native=false, column=25,&#xA;file=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-adb/lib/adb.js,&#xA;function=ADB.checkSdkBinaryPresent, line=97,&#xA;method=checkSdkBinaryPresent, native=false, column=8,&#xA;file=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-adb/lib/adb.js,&#xA;function=ADB.checkAdbPresent, line=134, method=checkAdbPresent,&#xA;native=false, column=7,&#xA;file=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-adb/lib/adb.js,&#xA;function=Function.ADB.createADB, line=73, method=ADB.createADB,&#xA;native=false, column=9,&#xA;file=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/lib/devices/android/android-common.js,&#xA;function=androidCommon.initAdb, line=1059, method=initAdb,&#xA;native=false, column=21,&#xA;file=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/async/lib/async.js,&#xA;function=null, line=610, method=null, native=false, column=17,&#xA;file=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/async/lib/async.js,&#xA;function=null, line=249, method=null, native=false, column=13,&#xA;file=/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/async/lib/async.js,&#xA;function=iterate, line=149, method=null, native=false], stack=[Error:&#xA;ENOENT, no such file or directory&#xA;'/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/usr/local/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/build-tools',&#xA;at Error (native),     at Object.fs.readdirSync (fs.js:765:18),     at&#xA;exports.getDirectories&#xA;(/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-adb/lib/helpers.js:100:18),&#xA;at ADB.checkSdkBinaryPresent&#xA;(/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-adb/lib/adb.js:97:25),&#xA;at ADB.checkAdbPresent&#xA;(/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-adb/lib/adb.js:134:8),&#xA;at Function.ADB.createADB&#xA;(/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-adb/lib/adb.js:73:7),&#xA;at androidCommon.initAdb&#xA;(/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/lib/devices/android/android-common.js:1059:9),&#xA;at&#xA;/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/async/lib/async.js:610:21,&#xA;at&#xA;/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/async/lib/async.js:249:17,&#xA;at iterate&#xA;(/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/node_modules/async/lib/async.js:149:13)]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6779" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2020-04-19T11:06:20.750" Title="Unable to run Appium Version 1.3.6-(Ophiuchus) on Yosemite for Testing Android App on real device" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12366" CreationDate="2015-03-07T09:29:09.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the computer locks, the main screen is showing the login buttons, the Sikuli tests cannot see the application anymore. You need to disable the locking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you have to lock the physical machine I think your only option is to install a virtual machine on a physical machine. That way you can have the physical machine locked and the virtual-machine unlocked. No one can acces it this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the test run in a virtual environment it will not be aware of the operating system it is running on, this means it also does not matter if its locked or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at the free &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VirtualBox&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install an operating system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup as Jenkins slave&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable screen savers and screen locking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-06T10:01:53.750" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T10:01:53.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12363" CreationDate="2015-03-08T06:38:40.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good luck in your intention. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most popular proprietary/paid performance testing tools as for now are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/loadrunner-load-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP LoadRunner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/Products/Software-Testing/Performance-Testing/Silk-Performer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Borland Silk Performer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/dd293540%28v=vs.110%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Visual Studio Load Testing Framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each tool has free trial so you should be able to perform your own assessment, Loadrunner seems to be the most popular one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to free/open source tools, currently the choices are in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As aforementioned tools are free there is no problem to download and try out each one. However if your time is limited you can refer to &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; guide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing domain is very actual as it evidenced by Apple’s iPhone 6 Web Failure, outages of e-commerce sites on i.e. Black Friday, Xmas, NY, etc. when thousands of dollars is lost for each minute due to servers overload. Besides, due to work complexity, need to have experience in different domains apart from performance testing tool itself (application servers, databases, networking, etc.) makes performance testers more highly paid comparing to i.e. test automation engineers or manual testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T06:38:40.697" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1580" CreationDate="2015-03-08T11:11:39.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-tutorial.blogspot.in/2015/01/difference-webdriver-selenium-rc.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;These&lt;/a&gt; are three major differences between Selenium WebDriver and Selenium RC which might be of some help here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This post also has links to other blogs which talk further about the difference between Selenium WebDriver and Selenium RC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2015-03-08T11:11:39.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12372" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12376" CreationDate="2015-03-09T04:17:16.713" Score="1" ViewCount="2098" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is doing server OS upgrade, so as a tester I would want to know what types of testing is most helpful in this process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11329" LastActivityDate="2015-03-09T11:00:51.240" Title="What types of testing is right for server OS upgrade" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12373" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12382" CreationDate="2015-03-09T05:07:02.967" Score="3" ViewCount="3593" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing android app using appium. Everything is working fine but I want to know as tester that how can I get below parameters of APK :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - app-package&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - app-activity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using appium then you know that we have to define above 2 things in code to test app. At this stage , I need to ask value of above both to developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way that I can get value of those parameter directly? so it would like no need to ask to developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2020-11-25T21:00:47.503" Title="Android App testing with appium" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12372" CreationDate="2015-03-09T08:52:44.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Expecting you have a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development,_testing,_acceptance_and_production&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DTAP&lt;/a&gt; setup: Upgrade the Acceptance server OS and let any users depended on the services of the server accept that their applications are still working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For operational testing have a look at what &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Technology_Infrastructure_Library&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ITIL&lt;/a&gt; describes: &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.en.it-processmaps.com/index.php/Service_Validation_and_Testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://wiki.en.it-processmaps.com/index.php/Service_Validation_and_Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-03-09T08:52:44.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12375" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-09T10:21:56.770" Score="1" ViewCount="1156" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read it from &lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.in/2011/07/how-we-tested-google-instant-pages.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a Google blog&lt;/a&gt; that Google guys have used DOM concept to test Google Instant. But I did not understand it completely. Is it possible to use DOM concept anywhere while testing a web application if yes can I see some code for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11219" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-09T10:45:51.660" LastActivityDate="2015-04-12T19:55:36.703" Title="What is DOM (document object model) testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12372" CreationDate="2015-03-09T11:00:51.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please run through below check list and pick applicable ones for your environment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression Testing - Ensure Server, Features stable and running fine post upgrade&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For browser upgrades - Compatibility testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For specific machine upgrades (Not all machines upgraded) - If not all systems are upgraded then basic testing needs to ensure different versions of platforms do not have any impact. Connectivity of upstream and downstream system post upgrade is successful&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitor resource usage (CPU / DB) and measure if there is any abnormal spike. There could be override / change in default system param. This may hurt performance aspects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case of upgrade failure test the roll back strategy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All this upgrade need to be done from QA-UAT finally to prod&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Managing downtime during the upgrade (Read only access / fail over systems ?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-03-09T11:00:51.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2401" CreationDate="2015-03-09T13:15:09.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is focussing on the disadvantages of SilkTest I'd say. I hope the following answer is not just a personal opinion and I can provide proof for my reasons.&#xA;I'm using SilkTest (mainly Silk4J together with SAP, i.e. the Premium license) for 6 months now and I'd say the main reason is that the product &lt;strong&gt;does not provide enough added value&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;It simply doesn't save you that much time compared to another solution. All in all there is not one big no-go. Just the amount of missing details which makes me worry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Silk4J implementation for SAP is a very simple wrapper around the SAP scripting API. If you decompile the code, you'll see that many methods have a 1:1 mapping. Added value by Silk4J: you needn't deal with JNI and things like that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Silk &lt;a href=&quot;http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.borland.silktest.silk4net.doc%2Flangref%2FSAP%2FSAPClassReference_ref.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SAP class documentation&lt;/a&gt; is basically a copy of the SAP scripting API documentation. No added value. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://borland.uservoice.com/forums/163510-silk-test-feature-request/suggestions/6672882-improve-documentation-for-java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;my UserVoice request&lt;/a&gt; for two examples or &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28873934/difference-between-getcolumnheaders-getcolumnnames-and-getcolumntitles&quot;&gt;my own research on Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no Silk4J specific documentation available online, so I stick to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.borland.silktest.silk4net.doc%2FSILKTEST-E3909095-LANGUAGEREFERENCE-CON.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;.NET version&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To log on at SAP, you need to create your own script. There's no high level functionality which would allow to log on at a server with user name and password in one line. No added value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The product is not as self-explanatory as it should be. In 6 months I have opened 17 support requests. The support team reacts reasonably fast. Added value: well, it mainly mitigates shortcomings in documentation. I wish I could have resolved all cases on my own.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I also see the lack of good forums. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.microfocus.com/borland/test/silk_test/f/29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MicroFocus SilkTest Forum&lt;/a&gt; has many broken links. Doing a Google search, I seldomly end up there. Also, it's not a Q&amp;amp;A system like Stack Overflow. It's a forum, so the answer may be spread across many pages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reaction to suggestions is slow. Look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://borland.uservoice.com/forums/163510-silk-test-feature-request/category/89487-silk4j-silk4net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UserVoice suggestions&lt;/a&gt; and see when the suggestion was made, when it was responded to and what the response was.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Methods that are available for native Win32 windows are not available on SAP windows, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.borland.silktest.silk4net.doc%2Flangref%2Fcommon%2FTypeKeysMethodIKeyable_ref.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TypeKeys()&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They forgot to implement the method &lt;code&gt;getButtonId()&lt;/code&gt; on &lt;a href=&quot;http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.borland.silktest.silk4net.doc%2Flangref%2FSAP%2FSapToolbarControlClass_ref.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SapToolbarControl&lt;/a&gt;, which means that you cannot press a button on a toolbar control. It is possible to workaround.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SAP calculates the number of rows in a table inaccurately. It may return more rows than actually exist. Unfortunately SilkTest does not do the workaround for you, you need to do it yourself. No added value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The supported &lt;a href=&quot;http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.borland.silktest.classic.doc%2FSTCLASSIC-DC50EDA9-SUPPORTED-XPATH-SUBSET.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath subset&lt;/a&gt; is very limited. In addition, &lt;code&gt;?&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;*&lt;/code&gt; are wildcard characters, but they cannot be escaped.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/Products/Software-Testing/Performance-Testing/Silk-Performer/Features/truelog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TrueLog&lt;/a&gt; stores all actions and bitmaps in one large file. Even in simple cases, if you record screenshots for everything, the file is 100 MB immediately. There is no way yet to extract the bitmaps from the log. Support for disabling screenshots programmatically is possible, but not guaranteed to work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you store the SilkTest .T files in a repository (which you should), you'll find that the diff makes you crazy. I've implemented a &lt;a href=&quot;http://development.wellisolutions.de/winmerge-plugin-to-compare-silktest-files/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WinMerge plugin&lt;/a&gt; to mitigate this. This should have been provided by MicroFocus already. (Disclaimer: I'm the author of this freeware tool, if that wasn't clear).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have opened support requests for almost all of the issues, so this might be improved in future versions. I encourage everyone to do the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-03-09T13:15:09.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12379" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12430" CreationDate="2015-03-09T14:10:33.267" Score="2" ViewCount="369" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Appium and Cucumber with Ruby to carry out some UI tests on our application. I want to use the code below to select a button, with the same name but found in two different cells, for example cell 1 and cell 2. I do not want to use Xpath for this, I would really prefer to stick to using name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then(/^I click 'Like' on first file$/) do&#xA;  find_element(:name, &quot;Like&quot;).click&#xA;end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then(/^I click 'Like' on second file$/) do&#xA;  find_element(:name, &quot;Like&quot;).click&#xA;end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have any ideas on how to achieve this? Using each of these lines of code will only interact with the first button, and I would like a way to be able to interact with any of the 'Like' buttons in the Table Cells without resorting to Xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11335" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T13:11:33.503" Title="Appium (iOS) how to choose two UITableCells with the same name" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12381" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-10T02:10:28.970" Score="2" ViewCount="590" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team is looking for a performance testing tool that can work on both Win&amp;amp;Web application. Our application contains an SAP 3D Viewer inside.&#xA;We are considering Borland Silk Perfomer &amp;amp; HP Load Runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know any tool that can fit our spec? And what is the price of those tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11339" LastActivityDate="2015-06-06T14:19:26.970" Title="Performance Testing tool for win &amp; web applications" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;sap&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12373" CreationDate="2015-03-10T10:17:13.710" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to use &lt;strong&gt;adb&lt;/strong&gt; (Android Debug Bridge) tool (part of Android SDK). So, install application under test on target Android device or emulator. And you should run application to get current activity and package name. So, after running app execute the following commands from command line (android-sdk/platform-tools/adb):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb shell dumpsys window windows | grep -E 'mCurrentFocus|FocusedApp'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you will get something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;mCurrentFocus=Window{43270790 u0 com.estrongs.android.pop/com.estrongs.android.pop.view.FileExplorerActivity}&#xA;  mFocusedApp=AppWindowToken{44d67b88 token=Token{435e5990 ActivityRecord{434ee320 u0 com.estrongs.android.pop/.view.FileExplorerActivity t133&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, current activity is &lt;strong&gt;com.estrongs.android.pop/.view.FileExplorerActivity&lt;/strong&gt; and application package name is &lt;strong&gt;com.estrongs.android.pop&lt;/strong&gt; is this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install apk on device or emulator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute &lt;code&gt;adb shell&lt;/code&gt; from command line&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute command to get current activity from device(shell) shell:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;dumpsys window windows | grep -E 'mCurrentFocus|FocusedApp'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="7163" LastEditDate="2015-03-10T11:27:45.397" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T11:27:45.397" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9533" CreationDate="2015-03-10T10:32:45.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can follow the below procedure to install robot framework on your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Python  on your machine(python2.6 - min version)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install  wxPython(wxPython 2.8.12.1 )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Robot framework.&#xA;If RIDE is used only to edit test cases, Robot Framework does not need to installed at all. However, the Test runner plugin requires Robot Framework to be separately installed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install RIDE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Selenium2Library.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;C:\Python27\Scripts&amp;gt; easy_install robotframework-selenium2library&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;This will automatically install some packages(ex: docuitls,decorator) which are required to get Selenium2Library working on your system. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After a successful installation RIDE can be started from the command line by running ride.py as &lt;code&gt;C:\Python27\Scripts&amp;gt; ride.py&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11342" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-03-10T10:50:44.440" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T10:50:44.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12387" CreationDate="2015-03-10T14:02:06.653" Score="5" ViewCount="893" Body="&lt;p&gt;When SCRUM teams develop components individually, components which will be integrated to form a solution, my understanding is that there are 3 levels of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit testing: Test how the programmer sees the system &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component testing: Test how user sees this component. So mock all its&#xA;dependencies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration testing: Test how the user sees this solution with all&#xA;the integrated components&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a valid separation of testing concerns? Recently a team member questioned the need for component testing, if the component that I intend to mock is a library and not a service dependency. Is this a fair request?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11343" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T13:05:59.100" Title="What is the &quot;right amount of testing&quot;?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12384" CreationDate="2015-03-10T14:38:24.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually component testing is before integration testing. I believe first doing component testing and then moving to integration testing will not only save you time but you will be able to find bugs quite early before the integration takes place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Component testing is done with different things in mind and integration testing has a different purpose than component testing. &lt;em&gt;These cannot be substituted for each other&lt;/em&gt;. They are both essential to be on the quality path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T14:38:24.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12329" CreationDate="2015-03-10T14:56:38.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use UIAutomator. This will give you package name of currently active app. UIAutomator can be found at Android/sdk/tools/ .After launching UIAutomator, click on device screenshot button. But make sure, your device is connected to your system and debug mode is enabled. For Camera app, it gives package name as &lt;code&gt;com.sec.android.app.camera&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11334" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T14:56:38.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12384" CreationDate="2015-03-10T15:17:27.493" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Point of testing units and components before whole system is to localize bugs BEFORE they damaged some unrelated part of the system, causing confusing red herring error. If you mock the surroundings of a component, you eliminated moving parts - and localized the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you need to weight the effort to mock: because it is code, it &lt;strong&gt;will&lt;/strong&gt; have bugs and will have to be maintained too, if parts of the system it mocks are in flux.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always in engineering, it is about finding the right compromise between competing interests within limits you are facing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decision to mock such externality (or not) depends on many factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does external module adds time delay? If so, mocking it with canned answer might improve speed of unit testing. If not, and module has strong unit tests, you may want to keep real thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does calling external interface changes global status, like database changes? Will you keep the changes, or restore database (which takes time)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Was your system designed to mock certain external interface? If not, is it worth to add complexity, possibly breaking working code?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If interface is to outside vendor who  is very cooperative and has special QA subsystem for you to test, even keeping such externality might make sense, even with delay. Or crudely mock such service for developers, and use real thing for higher tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to pick your battles, use limited resources wisely. Where do you have more spare resources: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developers, to create advanced mock, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sysadmin, to create complicated multilayer system, with different levels of mocking, and deploying right code in right layer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA team time and focus, manually analyzing logs and tracebacks for errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA &lt;strong&gt;developing custom tools fit your exact process&lt;/strong&gt; (we use this approach a lot, low-hanging fruits because all is so custom)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;money to buy more servers to run continuous integration tests in close-to-real-production environment, even if slower (and with risk of red herring error message). Servers are cheap (compared with cost of sysadmin's time needed to administer complicated multilayer system) - it is single-time decision.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will NOT be able to cover all bugs by single approach. Instead, think about using multi-layer defense like Swiss cheese with holes: one slice has holes in it, but if you place multiple layers of cheese, and every layer has holes in different area, together they will cover sandwich without holes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-03-10T15:58:11.913" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T15:58:11.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10018" CreationDate="2015-03-10T15:47:46.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;));&#xA;File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, &quot;app/build/outputs/apk/&quot;);&#xA;File app = new File(appDir, &quot;app-debug.apk&quot;);&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;,&quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appium-version&quot;, &quot;1.0&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;4.4&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, app.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;Your package name&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;MainActivity&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explanation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Line 1: Get the Path to your Project's Root Directory&#xA;O/P: classPathRoot: /Users/john.doe/AppiumProject/app&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Line 2: Append the Path to the Directory of the folder where your &quot;.apk&quot; is placed, with the Project's Root Directory.&#xA;O/P: classPathRoot: /Users/john.doe/AppiumProject/app/build/outputs/apk/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Line 3: Append your &quot;.apk&quot; file name, with the Project's Root Directory(till your apk folder).&#xA;O/P: classPathRoot: /Users/john.doe/AppiumProject/app/build/outputs/apk/apk-debug.apk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Line 4 and onwards: Initiate Desired capabilitieas and set them as per your platform and device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11334" LastEditorUserId="22740" LastEditDate="2018-09-03T07:08:21.407" LastActivityDate="2018-09-03T07:08:21.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-10T16:51:47.490" Score="2" ViewCount="1328" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on finding an automated testing tool for a POC project at my organisation. In past I have worked on automation of desktop and web applications using Selenium,QTP and CodedUI. These tools are really powerful to perform automation in their own domains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem&lt;/strong&gt;: The application is a desktop app installed on your computer, the UI is HTML based which is embedded inside the desktop window. I tried using Spy++ to find window elements but can't get any elements on the screen (Links or labels etc.). The application communicates with remote services using JS and JSON (For regular updates and other data transfer purposes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know if anyone can direct me to a reliable tool which can be implemented in our continuous build environment and is not heavily dependent on the record and play type (hard coded) feature because then it would be impossible to use it again. Also it will be great to use languages such as C#, Java or Python so that the learning curve is not so steep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My Analysis till now and preference in descending order.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tool Name&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coded UI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Silktest(silk4J)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTWebkit test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RationalTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Squish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding a screen shot of the desktop application window and HTML Code used rendered inside.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kePY3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC &quot;-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN&quot; &quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;  &#xA;&amp;lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=ISO8859-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Scripts --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/jquery-1.4.2.min.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/api.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/log.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/utils.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/json.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/SoftwareManager.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/FulfillmentApi.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/messagebox.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/ui.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;../CommonScripts/tier.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;FulfillmentUi.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- CSS --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link type=&quot;text/css&quot; rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;../CommonScripts/ui.css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link type=&quot;text/css&quot; rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;FulfillmentUi.css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body id=&quot;UI/SOFTWARE&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div id=&quot;header&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;img src=&quot;../images/OP-logo.png&quot; id=&quot;logo&quot; alt=&quot;B&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;ul id=&quot;navList&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;li class=&quot;current  first&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;a href=&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Al\Service Agent\5.9.9.3130.1\resources\UiSections\SoftwareSection\FulfillmentUi.html&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;span class=&quot;arrow&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;Software&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;li class=&quot; &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Al\Service Agent\5.9.9.3130.1\resources\UiSections\MessagesSection\MessagesUi.htm&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;span class=&quot;arrow&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;Messages&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;li class=&quot;  last&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Al\Service Agent\5.9.9.3130.1\resources\UiSections\PreferencesSection\PreferencesUi.htm&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;span class=&quot;arrow&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;Preferences&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;table id=&quot;softwareTable&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- Software Inserted Here --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr id=&quot;BITR/IS&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;name&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;../images/icon_default.gif&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;AlS S&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;status&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Installation failed.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td class=&quot;action&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot; class=&quot;button&quot;&amp;gt;Retry &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot; class=&quot;button&quot;&amp;gt;Cancel &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5933" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T07:59:39.050" LastActivityDate="2016-06-25T10:45:44.680" Title="Automated GUI Testing of MFC/Dynamic HTML embedded Desktop Application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9545" CreationDate="2015-03-10T17:42:54.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using WordPress there is a cool plugin called '&lt;a href=&quot;https://wordpress.org/plugins/broken-link-checker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Broken Link Checker (WP Plugin)&lt;/a&gt;' that can crawl all the pages and build a report for broken or redirecting urls. You can also trust some online tools like '&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webtoolhub.com/tn561356-broken-link-checker.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Broken Link Checker&lt;/a&gt;' from WTH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11346" LastActivityDate="2015-03-10T17:42:54.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12391" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-10T22:03:42.163" Score="1" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing a research on Android testing methods and their evolution in time. Could someone point me in the right direction (recent articles, books) I'm finding a lot of material surfing blindly but it's hard to distinguish between obsolete methodologies and not.&#xA;What is the current state of the art in Android testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11349" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T10:56:45.717" Title="Evolution of Android testing methods" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-03-24T04:58:55.240" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9545" CreationDate="2015-03-11T05:50:22.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;More Tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Linkcheck - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.websitegoodies.com/tools/linkcheck.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.websitegoodies.com/tools/linkcheck.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Broken Links - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linktiger.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.linktiger.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other resources - &lt;a href=&quot;http://freenuts.com/top-10-free-online-spell-checkers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://freenuts.com/top-10-free-online-spell-checkers/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T05:50:22.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12391" CreationDate="2015-03-11T10:56:45.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The really good source of information related not only about testing on Android platform but mobile testing in general is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/mobiletesting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hands-On Mobile App Testing&quot; book&lt;/a&gt; by Daniel Knott.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It'll give you a general idea on how to approach to mobile testing and which techniques to use. Moreover it has plenty of information regarding testing tools which are currently trending on the market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T10:56:45.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12394" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-11T11:54:17.423" Score="1" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have application like to control mobile devices remotely from Web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Requirement is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    1. Login to the webpage (WPF app)&#xA;    2. Enter Phone Number in the search field on launched webpage &amp;amp; Click &quot;Connect&quot;&#xA;    3. Then SMS would be received on mobile device &amp;amp; then our application would be launched and Established Remote control session with that Mobile device&#xA;    4. Once connection established, then we can control mobile devices from web&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our application similar to &quot;Airdroid&quot; android app&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Controlling mobile devices (All OS devices) from Webpage. It is &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa970060%28v=vs.110%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WPF (xbap) app&lt;/a&gt; not a mobile website, that is we can launch URL in IE Browser (sample URL: &quot;http://***.com/web/WebConsole.xbap&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how to automate this requirement &amp;amp; which tool can be suitable for this?. Could anyone please provide suggestions. Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11353" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T01:44:18.123" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T02:52:52.730" Title="Which tools can automate remote control functionality from web to mobile devices" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12395" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-11T14:02:35.410" Score="2" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I export test execution plans from QA Director?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that there is a report called Execution/Execution Plans, which can export the execution plan itself. However, this information by itself is not useful, since I need the additional information which tests are associated with the test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried the &quot;Configure&quot; functionality and use the &quot;Asset&quot; tab to add the tests as the second level. Unfortunately the second level is disabled (greyed out).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mRHCO.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test Execution Plan Report Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to export the test plans in a way that I can associate the tests with them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T13:10:40.433" Title="How to export test plans from QA Director?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;export&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T08:52:29.200" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12419" CreationDate="2015-03-11T16:31:47.463" Score="1" ViewCount="633" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to setup Eclipse on my local drive for Selenium 2.0/WebDriver but getting the following error when opening the application:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Java was started but returned exit code=13&#xA;C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath\javaw.exe&#xA;-Dosgi.requiredJavaVersion=1.6&#xA;-Xms40m&#xA;-Xmx512m&#xA;-XX:MaxPermSize=256m&#xA;-jar C:\eclipse\\plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher_1.3.0v20140415-2008.jar&#xA;-os win32&#xA;-ws win32&#xA;-arch x86_64&#xA;-showsplash&#xA;C:\eclipse\\plugins\org.eclipse.platform_4.4.0v20140925-0400\splash.bmp&#xA;-launcher C:\eclipse.exe&#xA;-name Eclipse&#xA;--launcher.library&#xA;C:\eclipse\\plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.win32.win32.x86_64_1.1.200.v201&#xA;40603-1326\eclipse_1603.dll&#xA;-startup&#xA;C:\eclipse\\plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher_1.3.0.v20140415-2008.jar&#xA;--launcher.appendVmargs&#xA;-exitdata 2e60_5c&#xA;product org.eclipse.epp.package.java.product&#xA;-vm C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath\javaw.exe&#xA;-vmargs&#xA;-Dosgi.requiredJavaVersion=1.6&#xA;-Xms40m&#xA;-Xmx512m&#xA;-XX:MaxPermSize=256m&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...which I thought looked like a Java issue - so I tried installing the latest version and got this half way through:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;! Java update did not complete&#xA;Error code: 1603&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uninstalling &amp;amp; re-installing Eclipse IDE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deleting &amp;amp; re-installing Eclipse IDE files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Updating Java JDK&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Dan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; This is also preventing NetBeans from installing so it's definitely a Java issue. Just to clarify, I've tried NetBeans as well as Eclipse to find the root cause, I'm not trying to get them both working simultaneously. Getting this midway through the NetBeans installation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception:&#xA;java.lang.NullPointerException:&#xA;null&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2015-03-12T10:39:07.080" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T16:29:20.813" Title="Eclipse IDE and/or NetBeans not opening because of Java Error Code: 1603" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-03-16T00:55:15.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12394" CreationDate="2015-03-11T20:27:09.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;depending on what remote-control means and on network connectivity, look for web server app for [your platform]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/i-jetty/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;i-jetty&lt;/a&gt; on Android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-03-11T20:27:09.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12394" CreationDate="2015-03-11T22:12:13.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you want to drive different technologies end-to-end I think not many solutions will work. The browser, the web-app to remotely control a mobile device and the device it self.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at the open-source &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; its one of test frameworks which can interact with any application as long as you can see it. It uses partial screenshots to interact with applications. Aslong as the user interface is stable and does not change a lot this could be a solid choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;update&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;With the extra information you added to the question its might be possible to automate up to the controlling of the mobile device with &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286681%28v=vs.100%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MS Coded UI&lt;/a&gt;, if you have Visual Studio Premium+ you can try to record a test and see how far you get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-16T09:45:30.947" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T09:45:30.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12400" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-12T05:05:21.283" Score="1" ViewCount="10000" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on selenium webdriverjs. Now I want to know about reporting tools, as up to now I am not using any reporting tools. Now I have decided to use a reporting tool. Please suggest me best reporting tool and why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-19T17:08:14.803" LastActivityDate="2018-05-05T22:33:10.420" Title="How to generate a report for test case in selenium webdriver using javascript" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11818" CreationDate="2015-03-12T05:32:40.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If not protractor, why not use C# implementation of Selenium. I am not familiar with TFS or MTM, but I am sure they will be having some easy integration options with Selenium Webdriver running with C# client.&#xA;Before going to the costly options, try Selenium which is a very efficient and commonly used web application test automation tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="125" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T05:32:40.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12232" CreationDate="2015-03-12T06:20:47.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Issue is resolved by correcting &quot;app-package&quot;. I was using old app &quot;app-package&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T06:20:47.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12403" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-12T08:06:48.583" Score="-1" ViewCount="7186" Body="&lt;p&gt;Will anyone please provide how to write selenium testing code for login popup window for example like in paytm site. When click on login button, it opens a popup window. In that we have to write code to enter username and password and then login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11366" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-12T14:06:20.063" LastActivityDate="2019-06-29T03:43:43.760" Title="Selenium code for login popup window page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12400" CreationDate="2015-03-12T09:27:42.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;WebDriverJs is just the driver to control the browser. For the tests itself I recommend a JavaScript based testing framework like &lt;a href=&quot;http://qunitjs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;QUnit&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://mochajs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mocha&lt;/a&gt;. The test framework take care of the test reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mocha is also mentioned on the WebDriverJs &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wiki page&lt;/a&gt;. You can find more information about how the reporting works on the official websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QUnit: Bottom left of the website&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mocha: &lt;a href=&quot;http://mochajs.org/#reporters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chapter Report&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mocha provide different types of reports. Three of them generate HTML reports:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mochajs.org/#htmlcov-reporter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTMLCov&lt;/a&gt;: Shows the test coverage in a HTML page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mochajs.org/#doc-reporter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Doc&lt;/a&gt;: Shows the tests in a HTML page. (Without results. Just documentation of present tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mochajs.org/#html-reporter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML&lt;/a&gt;: Shows tests and results in a HTML page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/19974382/1345923&quot;&gt;stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt; someone descriped how to use the HTML reporter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T07:33:41.420" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12403" CreationDate="2015-03-12T09:39:46.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.seleniumhq.org/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record your steps&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open web-page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click login button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill in fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Submit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Export recording as code to Java or Python&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read other questions like &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/11785/how-does-one-get-started-with-web-test-automation-using-selenium&quot;&gt;How does one get started with web test automation using Selenium?&lt;/a&gt;&quot; or Google for some &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.nl/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&amp;amp;rlz=1C1MSIM_nlNL573NL574&amp;amp;ion=1&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;es_th=1&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8#q=selenium%20tutorial%20videos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;training video's&lt;/a&gt; to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt; Latest version of Selenium IDE does not support exporting, check this: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/34389/how-to-export-test-cases-in-the-latest-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;How to export test cases in the latest selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2019-04-30T08:46:46.373" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T08:46:46.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12010" CreationDate="2015-03-12T11:31:56.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This load test article is a great walkthru for your scenario - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/unittest/testng-selenium-load-testing-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mkyong.com/unittest/testng-selenium-load-testing-example/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T11:31:56.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12362" CreationDate="2015-03-12T15:30:27.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working at QA for a SW shop and the situation is different as developers, here, are doing the packaging themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, in your situation, I would ask them to provide a provisioning script (e.g. ansible script or any equivalent solution, &lt;a href=&quot;https://puppetlabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;puppet&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chef.io/chef/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;chef&lt;/a&gt;, etc.) that is readable and executable (the main point) by your build teams to understand the targeted state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From this, they can infer the proper InstallShield builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10612" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-11T17:20:09.407" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T17:20:09.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2015-03-12T16:41:49.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checklist for publishing a good bug report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for duplicates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for accuracy in all elements of the bug report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Roleplay as a different recipient (for example, a Test Manager) and ask if the bug report is really useful to them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make a list of mistakes in the past with bug reporting and run it through the report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for attachments, their sizes and relevancy to the context of this bug report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save a copy of your bug report in MS Word or other editors as everyone knows bug tracking systems, crash, too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assure that you spell-check all of the text in the bug report – especially with bug title&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assure that the bug report contains good grammar and your word choice is clear to all who will read this bug report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More &lt;a href=&quot;http://university.utest.com/bug-reporting-suggestions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:27:37.490" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:27:37.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-12T19:23:33.397" Score="5" ViewCount="4510" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing selenium tests, and following the convention of using Webdriver Waits to have the webdriver poll for an object before it tries to interact with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am frequently finding my tests are failing, and it seems like it is due to a race condition where I am interacting with an element before it has fully loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I go to my product catalog page, apply some filter, then click on one of the products (loaded by javascript after the filter is applied), sometimes the click will open a pop up, sometimes it won't.  My current solution is to throw in Thread.Sleep() to get around the race condition, but I know this is frowned upon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone else run into this?  What is the best solution?  Maybe polling the javascript to verify that the click event has loaded?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2021-03-27T17:17:13.157" Title="What to do when waiting for an element to appear isn't enough?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12410" CreationDate="2015-03-12T19:41:12.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Explicit Waits are not ideal. Look into using an Implicit Wait. Official documentation, &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a copy+paste should the URL change or something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An implicit wait is to tell WebDriver to poll the DOM for a certain amount of time when trying to find an element or elements if they are not immediately available. The default setting is 0. Once set, the implicit wait is set for the life of the WebDriver object instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;myDynamicElement&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;StackOverflow also has a few Q/As for &quot;selenium wait for element&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T19:41:12.917" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12410" CreationDate="2015-03-12T20:16:11.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Se2 experts suggest NOT USE IMPLICIT WAIT at all. &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15164742/combining-implicit-wait-and-explicit-wait-together-results-in-unexpected-wait-ti&quot;&gt;Especially don't mix them with explicit waits&lt;/a&gt; (Jim  Evans is Se2 core team member). So @kirbycope advice is against opinion of experts (and my own experience). But he correctly advises to search StackOverflow (where I found link above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What works well for me, is to (explicitly) wait for some other element (by ID), which is available when page is fully loaded. I created my own simple framework, using PageObject design pattern, which uses implicit waits ONLY (wait time is site-wide constant), and my code is more stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bizalgo.com/2012/01/14/timing-races-selenium-2-implicit-waits-explicit-waits/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Implicit ws explicit wait explained&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T20:16:11.280" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12132" CreationDate="2015-03-12T20:23:31.057" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I can point you in the right direction for MS Word, at least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/15s06t57.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Office Interop Assemblies&lt;/a&gt; in C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dotnetperls.com/word&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is an example from .Net Pearls:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;&#xA;&#xA;class Program&#xA;{&#xA;    static void Main()&#xA;    {&#xA;    // Open a doc file.&#xA;    Application application = new Application();&#xA;    Document document = application.Documents.Open(&quot;C:\\word.doc&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Loop through all words in the document.&#xA;    int count = document.Words.Count;&#xA;    for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt;= count; i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Write the word.&#xA;        string text = document.Words[i].Text;&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Word {0} = {1}&quot;, i, text);&#xA;    }&#xA;    // Close word.&#xA;    application.Quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T20:23:31.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12120" CreationDate="2015-03-12T20:57:10.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of projects out there. I have used FogBugz, BugTracker, JIRA, and TFS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for templates, I have found this very handy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a {role}, I want to {feature/action} so that I can {value}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conditions (optional)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Item 1...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Item 2...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design/Dev Notes (optional)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Item 1...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Item 2...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Criteria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Must allow ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Must prompt ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Must prevent ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Must display ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Broken Links {okay/unacceptable}&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If… then…., else, and, but&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Browsers&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;additional {browsers/devices}&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Styled&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Responsive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-03-12T20:57:10.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12375" CreationDate="2015-03-13T12:27:17.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I understand they compare the DOM of different build versions. If you expect the DOM to be same this could be a very fast way to verify you didn't change anything. Also see &lt;a href=&quot;https://css-tricks.com/dom/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page that explains the DOM&lt;/a&gt;, since there is some confusion about what it actually is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/dom-compare&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dom-compare&lt;/a&gt; to compare the DOM's, they also show some examples. It seems there is no easy way to get the actual DOM of a rendered page, I couldn't find one after some searches. I think you will need to hack some browser (good thing they are open-source) to get the run-time DOM. Save it and compare it to a previous save.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-13T12:38:01.003" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T12:38:01.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12416" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12420" CreationDate="2015-03-13T14:12:06.100" Score="12" ViewCount="46212" Body="&lt;p&gt;My client want to use Google's &lt;a href=&quot;http://googleonlinesecurity.blogspot.co.uk/2014/12/are-you-robot-introducing-no-captcha.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;No CAPTCHA reCAPTCHA&lt;/a&gt; (NCRC) to prevent robots completing an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA have automated this process, but if the business introduce NCRC into the form, then this will prevent QA from being able to automate the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is anyone aware of a way around this, whilst keeping the same build in Live and QA? I'm hoping there's a 'test mode' we can switch on for QA, but I can't find anything in the documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit / Solution:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/faq#what-happens-to-recaptcha-v1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;You can now automate reCAPTCHA v2&lt;/a&gt;, thanks to @Andrei Fierbinteanu for the link. This won't work on v1, so you need to upgrade. Just make sure you're using the correct keys in QA and Production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T10:45:37.307" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T00:20:54.537" Title="Automation and bypassing Google No CAPTCHA reCAPTCHA" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2015-03-13T14:26:14.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;i'm using this and it's working for me. It parses the url and i enter inside it the username and password, this way i can do the authentication via URL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void login(String username, String password){&#xA;        WebDriver driver = getDriver();&#xA;        String URL = &quot;http://&quot; + username + &quot;:&quot; + password + &quot;@&quot; + &quot;link&quot;;&#xA;        driver.get(URL);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7721" LastEditorUserId="7721" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T06:57:37.240" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T06:57:37.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12416" CreationDate="2015-03-13T16:25:39.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I understand, you have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's a local instance of reCaptcha, then you can look up the image ID in the database to find the code it's tied to.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/forum/topics/how-to-break-recaptcha-using-selenium-webdriver?commentId=751045%3AComment%3A243339&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclub.com/forum/topics/how-to-break-recaptcha-using-selenium-webdriver?commentId=751045%3AComment%3A243339&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have your Dev install a backdoor. So that when a specific input is received the application does not post the result to Google's API but rather allows you to move on as if the response from the API call was successful.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/12667949/1106708&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/12667949/1106708&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T16:25:39.503" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12396" CreationDate="2015-03-13T16:29:20.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution wasn't to delete the java path or to delete the java.exe and javaq.exe files - it was pretty much the opposite!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After uninstalling and re-installing JDK 8 (which took me to Update 40), I added the &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt; variable and directory to environment variables, which was the same as before, so I guess there was a version incompatibility which update 40 resolved&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the steps were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search for 'Environment Variables' in your Start Menu's search function and click on 'Edit environment variables for your account'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete the existing &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt; variable under the System Variables header&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download or update Java to the latest version and install&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If Eclipse or NetBeans still won't open, find the directory of the javapath folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the Environment Variables panel again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a new System Variable called &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt; and set the Value to wherever your javapath folder is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anywho, hope this helps someone in future. It was a nightmare for me but got there in the end!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r8oQT.png&quot; alt=&quot;Environment Variables panel&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T16:29:20.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12416" CreationDate="2015-03-13T16:58:12.873" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cleanest solution is to get it removed for QA environment (render it conditionally) - you have one right? You do test BEFORE deploying to production? So don't use CAPTCHA in environment where you run automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot, use &lt;strong&gt;automated humans:&lt;/strong&gt; there are companies which will &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.troyhunt.com/2012/01/breaking-captcha-with-automated-humans.html&quot;&gt;solve CAPTCHA for you&lt;/a&gt; - it is quite cheap, 1000 for a buck, with decent success rate, response within 15 secs. This of course will add complexity to your tests: your test need to submit CAPTCHA to vendor and get response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exactly same build&lt;/strong&gt; in QA and in production, when production prevents automated scripts, allows for manual testing only in QA. Someone should start to think and re-evaluate dogmatic requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the goal: blindly implement requirements (no questions asked), or create process which allows for productive development and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-03-13T17:53:04.963" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T17:53:04.963" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12416" CreationDate="2015-03-13T17:52:50.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to keep the same build for testing as production there needs to be some sort of toggle in the application. Preferable in a configuration file (or database setting). By default the useCaptcha setting is enabled, but in the test environment you disable this in the configuration file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means the code will have two paths&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One that does not load the captcha at all and continues without it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One that displays the captcha and requires user input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still you would need to manual test that it works without the configuration setting, but that only needs to be done once each release cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its up to the development team to help you make the application testable, this is common way for solving this challenge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T17:52:50.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10092" CreationDate="2015-03-13T19:02:27.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked with applications that have multiple components, but start looking funny and behaving oddly when you cross sessions in the same browser instance.  This is likely because the developer reused code, which is a good practice wherever possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would close the browser and then re-open it, get the url and continue in case this is what's happening to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.quit();&#xA;    //ignore my external method for driver management, just restart your browser instance&#xA;    PublicDesktopDriverConfig pDDC = new PublicDesktopDriverConfig();&#xA;    driver = pDDC.DriverType(driver);&#xA;    //configure your browser settings and timeouts  &#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    //get the url and continue&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the event that it's something the developer had to do that makes objects load at different paces, sometimes needing to support something like an older version of IE, sleep should do it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something of that nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a custom driver manager called PublicDesktopDriverConfig, but you get the idea.  Don't let that confuse you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8884" LastActivityDate="2015-03-13T19:02:27.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12410" CreationDate="2015-03-14T00:26:23.080" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try making a custom ExpectedCondition that will repeat whatever process you find unreliable. It works just like any other wait; it just repeats some function until it returns true or times out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't be intimidated by how much code there is. Like most java, it's mostly all just boilerplate you copy/paste :P&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case you want to click the element and then check if another element changes. If the change occurs, then stop trying and move on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an inelegant example I whipped up to give you the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your test you will wait for the click to succeed like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By elementToClick = By.cssSelector(&quot;foo&quot;);&#xA;By elementAfterClick = By.cssSelector(&quot;bar&quot;);&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeoutInSeconds, attemptIntervalInSeconds);&#xA;wait.until(CustomExpectedConditions.ClickSucceeds(elementToClick, elementAfterClick));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your custom expected conditions class will look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class CustomExpectedConditions {&#xA; public static ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt; ClickSucceeds(By preLocator, By postLocator) {&#xA;      //use this when you can't trust the the click to always succeed&#xA;      return new ClickSucceeds(preLocator, postLocator);&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally your actual expected condition will look like this: (note: in my example I'm checking if the element exists. You may need to only check isDisplayed())&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ClickSucceeds implements ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt; {&#xA;    private By locatorToClick;&#xA;    private By postClickSuccessLocator;&#xA;&#xA;    public ClickSucceeds(By locatorToClick, By postClickSuccessLocator) {&#xA;        this.locatorToClick = locatorToClick;&#xA;        this.postClickSuccessLocator = postClickSuccessLocator;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        //todo: make this cleaner&#xA;        Boolean success = false;&#xA;        if (!success) {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                WebElement targetElement = driver.findElement(this.locatorToClick);&#xA;                targetElement.click();&#xA;                success = !(driver.findElements(this.postClickSuccessLocator).isEmpty());&#xA;                //or success = driver.findElement(postClickSuccessLocator).isDisplayed();&#xA;            } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;                return null;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        else {&#xA;            return success;&#xA;        }&#xA;        return null;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers, hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-03-14T00:26:23.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12410" CreationDate="2015-03-14T11:34:40.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing that helped me sometimes in such cases is to evaluate the state of JQUery: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20414729/webdriver-wait-for-jquery-to-finish&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20414729/webdriver-wait-for-jquery-to-finish&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But of course if you use another library, it becomes tricky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally you can try to wait for the change you expect at the element, such as the added or removed class or the added content underneath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pause/sleep statement is evil but it might be your last resort. Maybe you can give some more insights into what changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-03-14T11:34:40.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-14T18:40:27.273" Score="5" ViewCount="1098" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia lists &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_virtualization&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;several tools&lt;/a&gt; used to virtualize services (create stubs).&#xA;Some of them are purely focused on developers, some of them have GUIs and are more QA/tester friendly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ones that look QA friendly are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IBM Rational Test Virtualization Server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CA Service Virtualization (formerly CA LISA)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parasoft Virtualize&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HP Service Virtualization&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SoapUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other tools that can be easily used by QAs that had no exposure to programming nor command line tools? Preferably tools with GUIs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11384" LastActivityDate="2018-10-08T19:03:18.457" Title="QA friendly stubbing and service virtualization tools?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12425" CreationDate="2015-03-15T13:05:49.747" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;CA Lisa &amp;amp; SOAP UI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both don't need any programming skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try with SOAP UI free version first, they have something like a mock service. Using it is pretty straight. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8306" LastActivityDate="2015-03-15T13:05:49.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11760" CreationDate="2015-03-15T15:37:53.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just gave &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.xceptance.com/en/xlt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XLT&lt;/a&gt; a try. It records the stuff in Firefox and you can replay it later in FF again, also as batch test. Works fine, does not need any other  tool. Also got it working with the FirefoxDriver and ChromeDriver without any additional tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CRnUM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is to make the file input element visible (line 13) and the type command will be accepted and executed happily by the Webdriver and the file will be uploaded. If you want, you can restore the original state of the element later again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I am affiliated with the tool XLT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The raw XLT Script Developer file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;testcase xmlns=&quot;http://xlt.xceptance.com/xlt-script/2&quot; version=&quot;6&quot; baseURL=&quot;https://www.designerexchange.com&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;action name=&quot;OpenStartPage&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;open&quot; value=&quot;https://www.designerexchange.com/index.php/sell/quote&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;action name=&quot;TUpload-0&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;type&quot; target=&quot;id=Quote_uName&quot; value=&quot;Test&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;type&quot; target=&quot;id=Quote_email&quot; value=&quot;mail@test.de&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;select&quot; target=&quot;id=Quote_item_id&quot; value=&quot;label=Alexander McQueen&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;type&quot; target=&quot;id=Quote_item_name&quot; value=&quot;Foo&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;type&quot; target=&quot;id=Quote_item_desc&quot; value=&quot;Bar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;click&quot; target=&quot;id=uploadmorelnk&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;codecomment&amp;gt;Make sure the modal dialog is open&amp;lt;/codecomment&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;waitForVisible&quot; target=&quot;//*[@id='quoteImgFrmId']//span[contains(@class,'heading')]&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;codecomment&amp;gt;Make the element visible, so the Webdriver can type&amp;lt;/codecomment&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;storeEval&quot; target=&quot;$('.dz-hidden-input').attr('style', '')&quot; value=&quot;test&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;codecomment&amp;gt;Set the file location&amp;lt;/codecomment&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;type&quot; target=&quot;//input[@type='file']&quot; value=&quot;/home/rschwietzke/tmp/new-logo-acceptance.png&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;codecomment&amp;gt;Click the upload&amp;lt;/codecomment&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;click&quot; target=&quot;id=dzuploadbttn&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;codecomment&amp;gt;Make sure the file is uploaded&amp;lt;/codecomment&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;waitForText&quot; target=&quot;//form[@id='quoteImgFrmId']&quot; value=&quot;*(100%)*&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;command name=&quot;click&quot; target=&quot;id=canceluploadbttn&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/testcase&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tool description: XLT is freely available with no license cost for regression testing. No registration required, not support contract, nothing, just download and go. It extends the Selenium concepts by supporting reusable modules, test data, and features test documentation that can be automatically generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastEditorUserId="769" LastEditDate="2015-03-16T22:50:31.210" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T22:50:31.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12416" CreationDate="2015-03-15T21:15:45.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this has to be the same copy you ship and you cannot modify it, you cannot test beyond the captcha. That is the reason of having captchas - to avoid automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the only option is to build in something into your app that makes testing possible. This of course will pose the risk of getting out into the field and mess things up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I only can imagine some ways of doing it without too much risk for live. According to the Google doc, your application still has to evaluate the result Google sends back, hence even with a false, you can permit the submit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;permit a list of really good unique keys as solution and rotate them with each new build (such as 987asdhats6df87a6s87df87a6sdf)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;implement an OTP and because you and the app know the start seed and are synced, you can pass in valid parameters (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-time_password&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-time_password&lt;/a&gt;), no list has to be maintained, hence you can even test later on live again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;evaluate on which installation/in which environment the software runs and enable or disable to verification of the captcha challenge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="769" LastActivityDate="2015-03-15T21:15:45.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11803" CreationDate="2015-03-16T04:54:32.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a good question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different testers and teams have very different opinions on the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I find using a very expansive definition of inputs tends to suit my purposes best. I find it useful to vary many of these &quot;inputs&quot; in different scenarios being executed in a set of tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll update this answer later when I'm back at laptop to make incorporate the following screenshot summarizing different types of possible test case &quot;inputs&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://help.hexawise.com/m/7438/l/108544-how-can-i-best-identify-variation-in-the-system-i-m-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://help.hexawise.com/m/7438/l/108544-how-can-i-best-identify-variation-in-the-system-i-m-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I can't add the image from my cell phone; just a link to it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other people find it sufficient for their purposes to have a much narrower definition of inputs for their purposes. At the end of the day, what's more important than what you call things like &quot;operating system&quot; and &quot;user type&quot; and &quot;method of entering data&quot; is that you include multiple different variations of each of them in your tests if it is appropriate to do so. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T04:54:32.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12379" CreationDate="2015-03-16T13:11:33.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find_elements(:name,&quot;Like&quot;)[0].click&#xA;find_elements(:name,&quot;Like&quot;)[1].click&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;button(1).click&#xA;button(2).click&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;ele_index(:UIAButton,1).click&#xA;ele_index(:UIAButton,2).click&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;buttons[0].click&#xA;buttons[1].click&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11392" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T13:11:33.503" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-16T13:41:32.100" Score="2" ViewCount="10654" Body="&lt;p&gt;If anyone knows any examples for generating an html report in the Mocha framework, please share it. I have done googling and tried a lot but I have not been successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T06:53:07.630" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T15:49:15.857" Title="How to generate HTML report with Mocha?" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12734" CreationDate="2015-03-16T13:46:28.620" Score="2" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've implemented a key-value collection, that's accessible as a dictionary (so values can be retrieved by keys) and a list of entries (key-value pairs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not a tester myself and I have a hard time coming up with a good test cases to see, if there isn't some bug in implementation - but I didn't find through google any &quot;typical&quot; cases for quite a typical functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've added bunch of records, I've retrieved them (by key, by iteration), comparing to the source keys and values lists, I've created a test where I add records then delete random ones to see, if all remaining are actually there, but I wonder what I might be missing, before I start using that collection in my code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize: can anyone provide a list - just high-level concepts - what to test a key-value collection for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11393" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T00:58:48.483" Title="What are typical unit tests for a key-value collection?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12403" CreationDate="2015-03-16T15:08:52.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agreed with above steps. You will also need to add script to handle the pop-up, drive switch. Add driver switch before steps &#xA;for pop-up window. &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(window name&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;This will help you: &lt;a href=&quot;http://santoshsarmajv.blogspot.com/2012/04/how-to-switch-control-to-pop-up-window.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://santoshsarmajv.blogspot.com/2012/04/how-to-switch-control-to-pop-up-window.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10563" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-06-29T03:43:43.760" LastActivityDate="2019-06-29T03:43:43.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12434" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-16T16:14:06.633" Score="6" ViewCount="351" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a simple script that will log in to a website, I am trying to run it through Jenkins job on a remote desktop, I have placed my code on GIT Hub and configured Jenkins to run test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My application supports only Internet Explorer, So I have to run test on IE(9.0) with webdriver 2.44.&#xA;If I run my test through Jenkins with Remote Desktop opened it works fine, but when I try to run the test without opening remote desktop, it opens the IE and navigate to Login page, set focus to &quot;user-id&quot; but thereafter doing nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can someone please suggest something? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards&#xA;VS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11394" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-05-08T10:19:06.420" LastActivityDate="2021-02-02T12:08:35.867" Title="Internet Explorer doesnot login to website of remote desktop is not opened" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-16T17:47:49.450" Score="1" ViewCount="1270" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to ensure that the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Use automatic configuration&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; checkbox is set to &lt;strong&gt;off&lt;/strong&gt; before my script starts.  Group policy keeps changing this.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get into the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Internet Options&lt;/em&gt;&quot; menu?  It is not recording the click on the &lt;code&gt;cog&lt;/code&gt; icon.  The shortcut keys are &lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;x&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;o&lt;/kbd&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I've tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Browser(&quot;NetStar Login&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Internet Options&quot;).WinTab(&quot;SysTabControl32&quot;).Select &quot;Connections&quot;&#xA;Browser(&quot;NetStar Login&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Internet Options&quot;).WinButton(&quot;LAN settings&quot;).Click&#xA;Browser(&quot;NetStar Login&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Internet Options&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Local Area Network (LAN)&quot;).WinCheckBox(&quot;Use automatic configuration&quot;).Set &quot;OFF&quot;&#xA;Browser(&quot;NetStar Login&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Internet Options&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Local Area Network (LAN)&quot;).WinButton(&quot;OK&quot;).Click&#xA;Browser(&quot;NetStar Login&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Internet Options&quot;).WinButton(&quot;OK&quot;).Click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T05:26:12.023" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T12:37:52.883" Title="Modify IE 'Internet Options' in HP UFT (QTP)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12360" CreationDate="2015-03-16T18:04:55.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was a bug in the latest version: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver/issues/394&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver/issues/394&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either you build your own executable with the hint provided, or wait for the fix (or use an earlier build).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11396" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T18:04:55.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12435" CreationDate="2015-03-16T18:48:42.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how I solved this.  Would love to hear better solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set WshShell = CreateObject(&quot;WScript.Shell&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;WshShell.SendKeys(&quot;+{TAB}&quot;) 'shift + tab&#xA;wait(1)&#xA;WshShell.SendKeys(&quot;{RIGHT}&quot;)'right arrow&#xA;wait(1)&#xA;WshShell.SendKeys(&quot;{RIGHT}&quot;)'right arrow&#xA;wait(1)&#xA;WshShell.SendKeys(Chr(13))  'enter&#xA;wait(1)&#xA;WshShell.SendKeys(&quot;o&quot;)      'o&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastActivityDate="2015-03-16T18:48:42.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12438" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-16T20:54:53.350" Score="2" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a chance to see a presentation on CATJS in GTAC this year. I impressed by the idea. But do we have similar thing in Java or Python programming. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://catjsteam.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://catjsteam.github.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11397" LastEditorUserId="11397" LastEditDate="2015-03-16T21:20:03.840" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:10:07.420" Title="Do we have an alternative to CATJS? Is there anything available for Java or Python similar to CATJS?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12438" CreationDate="2015-03-16T21:27:42.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;WebDriver is an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;upcoming W3C standard&lt;/a&gt;, so if CATJS dismisses it as &quot;we don't do WebDriver&quot; it raises a red flag to me immediately. Is there any good reason to NOT use industry standard solutions? Cool is fine for fun, if you can abandon it and move elsewhere with ease. If we invest man-years in developing production code I prefer stable platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I never heard of CATJS before and maybe it is seriously brilliant solution - it is not obvious why, or for what.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you are looking for projects like &lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selendroid.io/&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://appium.io/&lt;/a&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And SauceLab can run your tests even on devices you don't own. You can rent test time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="5767" LastEditDate="2015-03-17T17:06:08.283" LastActivityDate="2015-03-17T17:06:08.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12441" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-17T00:34:52.407" Score="2" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some good resources that I can use to improve my security testing skills, or just even my security analysis skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desktop client applications are the main target for this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11400" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T14:13:10.047" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T17:21:22.110" Title="How can I learn more about desktop software security and testing?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-17T13:07:24.057" Score="2" ViewCount="896" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to organize my automated tests in the source control [ GIT] - mostly Jprofiler/Jmeter, Selenium and SOAP tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the industry standards for organizing/managing the Automated Tests in a continuous delivery environment? I am planning to Mavenize the tests and organization but I am trying to find better approaches/ industry standards. Are there any articles/blogs which I can refer regarding the test management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11407" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T14:21:28.867" LastActivityDate="2016-01-16T18:19:21.297" Title="Best practices to organize the automated tests in a continuous delivery world" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-18T04:22:58.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12444" CreationDate="2015-03-17T14:56:13.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you looked into using cucumber to organize your tests?  Or just using a unit test framework like JUnit?  My automation is in C# stack, and we use specflow to organize our tests which is pretty nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-03-17T14:56:13.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12449" CreationDate="2015-03-17T18:18:05.470" Score="5" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Windows application that works on XP, Vista, Win7, Win8, Win 8.1, etc ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a very complicated program that can have computer slowdowns and compatibility issues with other commonly used pieces of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I make sure I test all commonly used applications alongside my application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*The combinations of OS's and applications that could run alongside my application is astronomical and impractical to test EVERYTHING. What are some good ways to go about testing for this type of scenario to ensure you are compatibility with all other software and operating systems out there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;**This could be manual or automated testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11411" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T15:26:07.313" Title="How do I make sure I test all commonly used applications alongside my application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12448" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12461" CreationDate="2015-03-17T20:58:48.983" Score="9" ViewCount="6731" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get my team to standardize on a tool to manage and keep track test cases.  Currently we have a bunch of documents in Google docs or other formats such as Confluence and the main requirement for now is to get things tracked in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm strongly considering GitHub (using Markdown to write the test cases) for now since I can start a repo which will have a easy to remember URL and test cases / test plans can get submitted / reviewed much like code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering if this is something others have tried or currently use.  Are there better alternatives?  My main requirement is just to have one place track/document test cases for the product tested.  Integration with bug systems like JIRA or with CI is optional (but desirable)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clarification:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I'm talking about manual test cases / scenarios mostly for the purpose of documentation.  i.e. a typical test case document might look something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Login test:&#xA;1. Visit test environment&#xA;2. Type in valid username/password&#xA;3. Press login&#xA;Verify login succeeds&#xA;... etc.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11413" LastEditorUserId="11413" LastEditDate="2015-03-20T20:08:36.290" LastActivityDate="2020-05-14T16:45:46.673" Title="Is it a good idea to use a GitHub repo to track test cases?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12447" CreationDate="2015-03-17T21:01:51.007" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By definition testing EVERYTHING will take INFINITE TIME.&lt;/strong&gt; Which I bet is less than optimal (unless your boss is OK with that - then you just found safe job for life :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to agree with your boss about some metrics to limit and prioritize &quot;everything&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make a survey among your customers which OTHER applications they use, on which platforms. Or make educated guesstimate according to literature, your specific industry etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, sort by platform and usage. Spend available resources on most widely used platforms/apps. As more testing resources are available (or you are able to automate part of tests), you can test more obscure platforms/apps. Rinse, repeat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plan where your application is expected to be 2 years from now (marketing department has idea), and what usage patterns will be expected then. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some suggestions: XP is dead, I cannot imagine wasting ANY resources on that. Tests/scenarios developed now should be valuable in the future too. If you have limited capacity now, it does not make sense to spent it on platform with limited future. And so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot agree on priorities with your boss, as &quot;where to start&quot;. Only one can be first. And go from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If one of your requirement is test automation, and you cannot run automated test on one platform: Good news! You just eliminated one dimension of your problem space! (If the platform is obscure enough to be ignored). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Develop some simple sanity tests for more obscure platforms/app combination, and more detailed/specific/automated for more important ones. There is &lt;strong&gt;no rule saying that you need to pay equal attention to important platforms and obscure ones,&lt;/strong&gt; just the opposite. As any engineering task, it is about finding good compromises (less attention to less important stuff).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-03-18T15:26:07.313" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T15:26:07.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12448" CreationDate="2015-03-18T07:58:06.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Git is not so good in managing binaries, and will not help you compare versions of non pure text documents, at least by default without adding a 3rd party diff tool to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T07:58:06.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12451" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13231" CreationDate="2015-03-18T08:16:37.380" Score="2" ViewCount="1165" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I followed this link &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abodeqa.com/2014/02/13/emailing-xslt-report-in-webdriverjava-using-ant-build-xml-automatically/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LINK&lt;/a&gt; to generate XSLT Report Using testng and to send email reports getting error message (Ex: package org.openqa.seleni&#xA;um does not exist, etc...0).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;build.xml code is:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;project name=&quot;XSLT&quot; default=&quot;sendMail&quot; basedir=&quot;.&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Defining property --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;project.dir&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;build.dir&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/build&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;jar.dir&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/Lib&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;src.dir&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/src&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;ng.result&quot; value=&quot;test-output&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Setting Classpath for jar files --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;setClassPath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;path id=&quot;classpath_jars&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pathelement path=&quot;${basedir}/&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${jar.dir}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;include name=&quot;*.jar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pathconvert pathsep=&quot;:&quot; property=&quot;test.classpath&quot; refid=&quot;classpath_jars&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Loading Testng &#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;loadTestNG&quot; depends=&quot;setClassPath&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;taskdef resource=&quot;testngtasks&quot; classpath=&quot;${test.classpath}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!--  Deleting directories --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;clean&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo message=&quot;deleting existing build directory&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${build.dir}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!--  Creating build folder to store compiled classes --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;init&quot; depends=&quot;clean,setClassPath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${build.dir}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Compiling java files --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;compile&quot; depends=&quot;clean,init,setClassPath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo message=&quot;&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo message=&quot;compiling……….&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;javac&#xA;    destdir=&quot;${build.dir}&quot;&#xA;    srcdir=&quot;${src.dir}&quot;&#xA;    includeantruntime=&quot;false&quot;&#xA;    classpath=&quot;${test.classpath}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;run&quot; depends=&quot;compile&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;testng classpath=&quot;${test.classpath}:${build.dir}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;xmlfileset dir=&quot;${basedir}&quot; includes=&quot;testng.xml&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/testng&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!--  adding XSLT report target to produce XSLT report --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;makexsltreports&quot; depends=&quot;run&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${project.dir}/XSLT_Reports/output&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/delete&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${project.dir}/XSLT_Reports/output&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;xslt in=&quot;${ng.result}/testng-results.xml&quot; style=&quot;/MFW/XSLT/testng-results.xsl&quot; out=&quot;${project.dir}/XSLT_Reports/output/index.html&quot; classpathref=&quot;classpath_jars&quot; processor=&quot;SaxonLiaison&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;param name=&quot;testNgXslt.outputDir&quot; expression=&quot;${project.dir}/XSLT_Reports/output/&quot;/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;param name=&quot;testNgXslt.showRuntimeTotals&quot; expression=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;param expression=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;testNgXslt.sortTestCaseLinks&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;param expression=&quot;FAIL,SKIP,PASS,CONF,BY_CLASS&quot; name=&quot;testNgXslt.testDetailsFilter&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/xslt&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!--  using javax.mail.jar and javax.activation.jar trying to send report as zip file --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;sendMail&quot; depends=&quot;makexsltreports&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;zip destfile=&quot;${project.dir}/XSLT_Reports/output.zip&quot; basedir=&quot;${project.dir}/XSLT_Reports/output&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;mail&#xA;    tolist=&quot;qa@gmail.com&quot;&#xA;    from=&quot;test@gmail.com&quot;&#xA;    subject=&quot;Email subject&quot;&#xA;    mailhost=&quot;smtp.gmail.com&quot;&#xA;    mailport=&quot;465&quot;&#xA;    ssl = &quot;true&quot;&#xA;    user=&quot;abc@gmail.com&quot;&#xA;    password=&quot;123456&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;attachments&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${project.dir}/XSLT_Reports/&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;include name=&quot;**/*.zip&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/attachments&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/mail&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;D:\MFW\XSLT&amp;gt;ant makexsltreports&#xA;Buildfile: D:\MFW\XSLT\build.xml&#xA;&#xA;clean:&#xA;     [echo] deleting existing build directory&#xA;   [delete] Deleting directory D:\MFW\XSLT\build&#xA;&#xA;setClassPath:&#xA;&#xA;init:&#xA;    [mkdir] Created dir: D:\MFW\XSLT\build&#xA;&#xA;compile:&#xA;     [echo]&#xA;     [echo] compilingààà.&#xA;    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to D:\MFW\XSLT\build&#xA;    [javac] D:\MFW\XSLT\src\spk\Testing.java:3: error: package org.openqa.seleni&#xA;um does not exist&#xA;    [javac] import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;    [javac]                           ^&#xA;    [javac] D:\MFW\XSLT\src\spk\Testing.java:4: error: package org.openqa.seleni&#xA;um.firefox does not exist&#xA;    [javac] import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;    [javac]                                   ^&#xA;    [javac] D:\MFW\XSLT\src\spk\Testing.java:5: error: package org.testng.annota&#xA;tions does not exist&#xA;    [javac] import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;    [javac]                              ^&#xA;    [javac] D:\MFW\XSLT\src\spk\Testing.java:9: error: cannot find symbol&#xA;    [javac]     @Test&#xA;    [javac]      ^&#xA;    [javac]   symbol:   class Test&#xA;    [javac]   location: class Testing&#xA;    [javac] D:\MFW\XSLT\src\spk\Testing.java:11: error: cannot find symbol&#xA;    [javac]             WebDriver d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    [javac]             ^&#xA;    [javac]   symbol:   class WebDriver&#xA;    [javac]   location: class Testing&#xA;    [javac] D:\MFW\XSLT\src\spk\Testing.java:11: error: cannot find symbol&#xA;    [javac]             WebDriver d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    [javac]                               ^&#xA;    [javac]   symbol:   class FirefoxDriver&#xA;    [javac]   location: class Testing&#xA;    [javac] 6 errors&#xA;&#xA;BUILD FAILED&#xA;D:\MFW\XSLT\build.xml:47: Compile failed; see the compiler error output for deta&#xA;ils.&#xA;&#xA;Total time: 1 second&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Folder Structure:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SDoq0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Folder Structure&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package spk;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class Testing {&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test() {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://google.co.in&quot;);&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8892" LastEditorUserId="8159" LastEditDate="2015-03-24T10:40:58.007" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T02:00:33.160" Title="Error: cannot find symbol in XSLT + TestNG Report" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12447" CreationDate="2015-03-18T12:15:26.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since more or less by definition you don't have unlimited time, you can't test &lt;em&gt;everything&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Peter says, you need to work out which subset of &quot;everything&quot; gets highest priority. I've got a few suggestions on that front:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have data on what operating systems your customers use, great. If not, get it. You want to know which OSs are most popular with your customer base, and which ones your biggest/loudest/most influential customers use. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have data on the other applications your customers use, also great. If not, get it. Here, you want to know the applications they use most, and - by preference - whether they've experienced any issues when using your software alongside those applications. Mine your issue tracking system and support department for this information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now comes the fun part - combinatorial math and grids. I've found it's easiest to map this in a simple spreadsheet: &#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Column A = supported versions of your software (hopefully there's only one, but I've been in a situation where my team was supporting multiple versions of the software)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Column B = Supported operating systems, ordered from most used to least used. I'd count the 32 and 64 bit flavors separately, because they are known to behave differently. If this is commercial (business) software rather than consumer software, you should be making a &lt;em&gt;strong&lt;/em&gt; argument to your boss that XP support has to go away. Businesses using XP in the USA are not in compliance with multiple regulations relating to information security and privacy. I don't know the legal landscape elsewhere, but I wouldn't be surprised to find the same kind of issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Column C = Other applications by major version (e.g. IE 8 gets a separate listing from IE 9, etc.), from most used to least used. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Columns D through as many as you feel necessary (optional) - repeat the applications list to cover the use of multiple other applications in conjunction with your software. Practically speaking, you probably only need to consider one or at most two extra columns (since most likely the other applications in use are going to be an email client, an office application, and possibly a browser)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've got this information, the total number of combinations to test is the number of items in A multiplied by the number of items in B multiplied by the number of items in C etc... The &lt;em&gt;time&lt;/em&gt; you would need is the amount of time it takes to thoroughly test the application (which itself is non trivial) multiplied by the number of combinations - it's likely to be in the months-to-years range for something like this and guaranteed to be more than your release cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, do some mining of your issue tracking system and find the combinations that give your software the most problems. I'd highlight these on the spreadsheet (using color-coding).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step is to go over this with your boss and give all the numbers as they stand. The goal here is to prioritize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have automation, you want to have configured virtual/actual machines matching the highest priority scenarios, and run automation against those on a regular basis. Depending on resourcing that means one or more virtual/actual machines, since something like this will need to run through GUI automation to simulate usage patterns and you really don't want to be installing/uninstalling software, much less operating systems. How often you run will depend on how often your application is built and what it takes to upgrade &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; your application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have automation, you'll be targeting a much smaller number of combinations and a much less comprehensive set of tests because you're still testing functional changes and other aspects of your software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T12:15:26.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12403" CreationDate="2015-03-18T14:31:01.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the popup are iframe. Hence you need to switch to the login iframe in order to enter the username and passwords as per your requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please try using following driver.SwitchTo().Frame(FrameName);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where Framename can be 0 - 1 and so on.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11419" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T14:31:01.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11516" CreationDate="2015-03-18T14:38:55.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per your question I think you are looking for a tool to automate windows application or desktop applications. &#xA;I suggest you take a look a Autoit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Autoit works for all the windows or the desktop based application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can even integrate it with selenium webdrivers to perform combined web and desktop based automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visit : &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11419" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T14:38:55.943" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12448" CreationDate="2015-03-18T17:02:28.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about test cases, but I use a GIT repo to save all my selenium test cases in (IDE and Webdriver using Python) in. As I update tests, I can push new versions, and GIT allows me to track changes easily and more importantly, why the change was made (I am a stickler for comments so the next person doesn't have to figure out why something was done a particular way). Has worked well for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11101" LastActivityDate="2015-03-18T17:02:28.083" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7361" CreationDate="2015-03-19T12:22:07.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had exactly the same issue some time ago. I was waiting for content of gxt window to be loaded and many times I failed because of timeout exception. Normally window was loading content about max 5 sec, but with WebDriver even 30 minutes was not enough.  What I found was that timeout happened because of WebDriver was causing DOM not to be properly loaded (freezing). &#xA;As a workaround I have found that simple window re-size is enough.&#xA;Probably your problem was already solved, but i put this to others that can face the same issue in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below there is method code to make your code cleaner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm always putting commonly used methods in some special class to not duplicate code lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void browserShake(WebDriver driver, int width, int height) {&#xA;    driver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(width+50, height));&#xA;    driver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(width, height));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11430" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T02:36:29.447" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T02:36:29.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12732" CreationDate="2015-03-19T20:39:04.187" Score="1" ViewCount="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this presentation, slide 79 plots TTR and Lines of code changed&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/fullscreen/jallspaw/ops-metametrics-the-currency-you-pay-for-change/79&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.slideshare.net/fullscreen/jallspaw/ops-metametrics-the-currency-you-pay-for-change/79&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've read, lines of code changed is a poor indicator of how much the code base actually changed functionally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some other metrics to use as a way to quantify the degree of change in a deploy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11441" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T00:52:43.740" Title="Quantifying change size in a deploy" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-20T07:36:38.557" Score="0" ViewCount="3478" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to TestNG. I'm using Hybrid Framework For Automation Testing, it's Hybrid Architecture based, in which Keyword(Java Methood name) and data is provided in Excel sheet, and based on that information each test case gets executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am not able to run the same test suite in multiple browsers at a time, so do you have any idea how I can integrate TestNG and do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want is if there is any way where I can specify:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run this many TC on Browser1 with user Role1,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and run 2nd suite on Browser2 With user Role2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My .xml File is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot; parallel=&quot;methods&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browserName&quot; value=&quot;firefox&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browserName1&quot; value=&quot;chrome&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.commonFunctions.ThreadLocalDemo&quot; /&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My TestNG class is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ThreadLocalDemo { &#xA;  @org.testng.annotations.Parameters({&quot;browserName&quot;}) &#xA;  @Test public void testMethod1(String browserName) &#xA;    throws { DriverScript.Main(); } &#xA;  @Test(dataProvider=&quot;browsername1&quot;) public void testMethod2(String browserName1) &#xA;    throws { DriverScript.Main(); } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The script code is at the link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B8YGjjoQPzG_NUY3Nk81SU5fNGs/view&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B8YGjjoQPzG_NUY3Nk81SU5fNGs/view&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11403" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-03-23T11:02:35.143" LastActivityDate="2020-02-05T02:41:45.643" Title="TestNG with Selenium Data and Keyword Driven Framework" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12438" CreationDate="2015-03-20T08:30:18.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answering the original question ,&#xA;Nothing in Java as far as I know , you probably already using test ng/spring-test so not much I can recommend .&#xA;Concerning peter answer , if you have a running automation with WD / selenium - great for you! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most chances you are still spending too much time on maintenance and can't run it on mobile web/ some browser properly (and other challenges, which some you can hear at this video &lt;a href=&quot;https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=gGdDc5SlBq4&amp;amp;list=PLSIUOFhnxEiDFckNDSjKWqOCtd8ksJrh4&amp;amp;index=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GTAC 2014: CATJS: Applications That Test Themselves&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Standard isn't a magic word which solves everything. Standards are great but some times you need to think different to solve a painful problem, &#xA;CATJS provide a different approach and different results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11444" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T13:10:07.420" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:10:07.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12448" CreationDate="2015-03-20T19:56:55.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Advice&lt;/strong&gt;: Store your documents in the &lt;strong&gt;easiest&lt;/strong&gt; place to find and access. Your goal should be to make it as simple as possible for the team members who actively use said documents so they continue to do so. If I was in your position I'd be asking this same question to those team members.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, if the service or tool needs to change later as more stakeholders want access then deal with that problem later. Find something that works now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;By tracked in one place I mean I can point a new hire or someone on the business team to one URL and they will be able to see all our test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Almost &lt;strong&gt;no one&lt;/strong&gt; will ever want to see your test cases or detailed documentation and that includes your team members. The goal of testing is to find information so your report to the team or project will be the most valuable and reference-able material. This comes from years of experience! lol. This is why modern / lean testing restricts the creation of documentation to the bare minimum. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the &quot;business users&quot; I've worked with over the years wouldn't be comfortable navigating a GIT repo, let alone know how to access one. (You said GIT repo, not GitHub which has an easy URL and displays markdown text in a mostly readable way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Currently we actually put files as Google docs on Google drive but the downside is mainly around discoverability - you need to know the link to the docs to view them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you'll have the same problem with any tool / product. The downside to storing stuff on GDocs is someone might not have a Google Account, in which case you just need to make said files public. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If discoverability is your main problem then I'd suggest including the link in your daily / weekly / stand ups or test reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-03-20T19:56:55.307" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-21T08:12:13.527" Score="0" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im currently trying to evaluate two different test tools (SpecExplorer vs Quviq Quickcheck) with regards to how many bugs they find in my code. The plan i have is to insert some faults in my code and evaluate how long it takes the tools to find the faults and how many they find. I want the method to be easy and manual but still be a valid method. I have been looking into fault injection but to my understanding fault injection is an automatic process requiring advanved tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is what are well estamblished methods for compairing testing tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11449" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T00:47:35.043" Title="Proper way of evaluating test tools" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12463" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14451" CreationDate="2015-03-21T15:07:29.550" Score="7" ViewCount="1569" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to see if this is possible... I am writing UI tests for web and mobile in Cucumber (using Protractor for web and Appium for mobile) and would like to store login details (email and password) in a text file (or another type of file). Is there anyway to run a Feature/Steps file to include a text file so the information stored within the file will be used when logging in to our web/mobile app? Not stored directly inside the Steps file for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was a question that came up during a recent meeting and I couldn't find an answer, so maybe someone else has come across this before?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's possible an explanation would be great!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11335" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T20:33:45.687" LastActivityDate="2019-12-29T13:28:08.657" Title="Cucumber + Protractor : What will be good practices to maintain test data in separate file?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12463" CreationDate="2015-03-21T23:13:24.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure, you can store credentials or other useful data in a text file. Here's an example from a StackOverflow question where someone is using a YAML file to store credentials, which they then load in env.rb: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23682817/how-to-store-and-call-data-from-yaml-file-using-ruby&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23682817/how-to-store-and-call-data-from-yaml-file-using-ruby&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-03-21T23:13:24.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12465" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13743" CreationDate="2015-03-22T03:46:22.817" Score="3" ViewCount="2259" Body="&lt;p&gt;I  trying to automate a hybrid app using the appium-selenium setup. &#xA;I  facing problem in getting the object properties. I am using ui automator to identify elements but it is unable to do the job. It is only identifying the outer or parent frame of the app and doesn't go beyond that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My appium version : 1.3.4.1&#xA;Chromedriver version: 2.4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried in both emulators (Genymotion) and physical devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Device environment: Android 4.2 above &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For handling hybrid apps we have to switch the contexts between Native view and Webview according to our needs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; contextNames = driver.getContextHandles();&#xA;    for (String contextName : contextNames) {&#xA;        // prints out something like NATIVE_APP or WEBVIEW_*&#xA;        System.out.println(contextName);&#xA;    }&#xA;    driver.context(contextNames.toArray()[1].toString()); // set context to&#xA;                                                            // WEBVIEW_*&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for Hybrid apps (developed using Angulas JS in my case) i could not find any tool to get the object properties. Only way i could find in using the inspect element feature of chrome and getting the xpath. However i was able to use inspect element only on emulators(genymotion). It did not work on real devices for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be good if any one could shed some more light on that area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11420" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-08-23T15:49:48.603" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T15:49:48.603" Title="Hybrid app automation using appium with selenium" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="15" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12466" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-22T11:08:07.217" Score="2" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing a test script in selenium webdriver (selenium 2.0) with C# for below HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-HTML prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;table id=&amp;quot;A_switch&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;tabswitch&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    ------&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot;  class=&amp;quot;page ribbonpage&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;ribbongroup&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    -------&#xA;    &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When  i click in above table  applied CSS for above  and   get replaced like below-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-HTML prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;table id=&amp;quot;A_switch&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;tabswitch selected&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&amp;quot;A&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;page ribbonpage selected&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&amp;quot;B&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;ribbongroup&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    --&#xA;    &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this test script, after clicking on this table I am finding and clicking on &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&amp;quot;B”&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything is working fine in Visual Studio debug mode only. When I am running it without breakpoint (release mode) sometimes &amp;quot;invisible element&amp;quot; exception and sometimes ‘timeout’ appears.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I searched over google it looks very generic error and should be fixed with below code -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebDriverWait waittime = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60));         &#xA;    var element = waittime.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.XPath(&amp;quot;//div[@id=’B’]/div[2]&amp;quot;)));&#xA;    Actions act = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    act.MoveToElement(element).Perform();&#xA;    element.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not working in my case and also, no luck if increase timeout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could somebody help me on the same as soon as possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11450" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T11:49:31.347" LastActivityDate="2020-09-25T12:03:30.293" Title="Selenium - how to avoid &quot;invisible element&quot; exception and timeouts" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10300" CreationDate="2015-03-23T01:14:22.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are human beings (developers, architects, managers and everyone involved in an IT project) we make mistakes. As PaulDonny mentioned earlier sometimes these mistakes can be costly and catastrophic. By finding these problems (and hopefully fixed by devs) the risk is reduced and the product is made safer to use. We don't add value to the product directly BUT, we DEFEND it's value. To answer your question please try to answer the below question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the Real Business Value of NOT having the problems that you found during testing in the final product?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11454" LastEditorUserId="11454" LastEditDate="2015-03-23T01:22:13.770" LastActivityDate="2015-03-23T01:22:13.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11980" CreationDate="2015-03-23T10:05:41.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should migrate action methods to TouchAction class, in case of swipe, try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y)&#xA;    Appium::TouchAction.new.press(x: start_x, y: start_y).wait(1000).move_to(x:end_x, y:end_y).wait(500).release(x: end_x, y: end_y).perform&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check API in here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.github.io/java-client/io/appium/java_client/TouchAction.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://appium.github.io/java-client/io/appium/java_client/TouchAction.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of coordinated you can also pass elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11392" LastActivityDate="2015-03-23T10:05:41.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12472" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-24T04:57:16.543" Score="2" ViewCount="2355" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing out some webservices, how do I estimate the Peak Load per second if I know the average number of hits I know the site is going to get in a day or get in a year.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likewise, if I know the Peak load, i.e. peak number of hits the webservice is going to get per second, then how do I calculate the average load from this figure? Are there any statistical methods for calculating this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need these for designing the stress testing of the service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11464" LastEditorUserId="11464" LastEditDate="2015-03-26T05:29:42.677" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T12:58:17.110" Title="Calculating Average Load from Peak load and vice versa" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12482" CreationDate="2015-03-24T10:48:09.640" Score="0" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently creating a test-plan for one of our new systems. As such &lt;strong&gt;we are looking for the right term&lt;/strong&gt; to describe the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;xxx&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; test takes place immediate after the deployment on production. It covers the vital functions of the system and the new release. But it will only skim these functions, as they have been thoroughly tested before during internal test and UAT phase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aim of this test is to assure that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the new features are available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;old core features did not break&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are considering&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_testing_%28software%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Smoke Test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In computer programming and software testing, smoke testing (also confidence testing, sanity testing) is preliminary testing to reveal simple failures severe enough to reject a prospective software release. &lt;strong&gt;A subset of test cases that cover the most important functionality of a component or system is selected and run, to ascertain if crucial functions of a program correctly work.&lt;/strong&gt; When used to determine if a computer program should be subjected to further, more fine-grained testing, a smoke test may be called an intake test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have set the part that matches our scenario to bold. What hinders us to use this term is that this kind of test shall take place &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; the actual release on production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ofnisystems.com/services/validation/operational-qualification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Operational Qualification&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Operational Qualification Protocol is a collection of test cases used to verify the proper functioning of a system. The operational qualification test requirements are defined in the Functional Requirements Specification. Operational Qualification is usually performed before the system is released for use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are not sure if this is the right term either. For one as it is taken from the validation aligned with &lt;em&gt;21 CFR Part 11&lt;/em&gt; and for the other that it lacks the character of a rough test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;Production Test&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Production Test takes place immediate after the deployment on production. It covers the vital functions of the system and the new release. But it will only skim these functions, as they have been thoroughly tested before during internal test and UAT phase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be to roll our own definition. As we have not found a source that defines this kind of test ... or probably our google-fu just was not good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11465" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T01:44:59.867" Title="Term to describe deployment test" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12486" CreationDate="2015-03-24T10:56:28.303" Score="0" ViewCount="1159" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some high level (UI) smoke test scenarios should be automated for the web application made for audio/video/chat conference calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least one to one(peer-to-peer) users should be used to simulate and to automate - i.e chatting between two users, that is - user #1 from browser Firefox send the message to user #2 from Chrome browser, and vice versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is - what is the basic structure of framework can be used for such specific approach, does it mean that for writing test scenarios two separate instances of WebDriver should be used, like fireFoxDriver and chromeDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6568" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2015-03-30T12:00:57.620" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T12:00:57.620" Title="Automation framework structure for two browsers simultaneous testing" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12729" CreationDate="2015-03-24T11:07:00.647" Score="4" ViewCount="301" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found that starting in software testing often requires a degree in a computer science related subject, but I can't find any QA only degrees. I understand the importance of prior computing knowledge (and therefore subjects like Computer Science is a relevant and appropriate pre-requisite), but rather than obtaining a degree in a generic field like Computing and Technology, does anyone know of a degree that focuses purely on software testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is: Are there any UK-based Universities that teach Software Quality Assurance and Testing? I'm really looking for a course that offers a degree in the field, rather than just a module contained within a more generic course. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; I've read a few articles on whether the need for Software Testing courses exists or not (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.smartbear.com/testing/why-not-train-testers-early-with-software-testing-degrees/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here's one from SmartBear&lt;/a&gt;) and it seems the community's in two minds about it. Personally, I see courses on Development all the time and, with the rise of technology and the need for Quality Assurance, I'm of the mindset that we should  develop careers for Software Testers. I mean, it's a legitimate career and the industry's crying out for more QA, so do you think we should support, encourage and share knowledge with those who want to become testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2015-03-24T11:19:28.343" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T23:48:49.700" Title="Universities teaching Software Quality Assurance &amp; Testing?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12477" CreationDate="2015-03-24T14:25:00.870" Score="2" ViewCount="16920" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Title pretty much explains everything. I'm searching for a way to change let's say&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h1 id=&quot;title&quot;&amp;gt;Title&amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h1 id=&quot;title&quot;&amp;gt;Nothing&amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm kind of desperate since&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;title&quot;)).Text;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;doesn't allow assignment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11468" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T13:38:20.613" LastActivityDate="2019-11-02T03:22:50.293" Title="How to change the Text of a IWebElement of Selenium in C#" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12476" CreationDate="2015-03-24T14:54:59.313" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quickly glanced over the properties and methods of IWebElement, doesn't look like they can set values.&#xA;However, you can easily execute some javascript snippet to change HTML in your page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver;&#xA;IJavaScriptExecutor js = driver as IJavaScriptExecutor;&#xA;js.ExecuteScript(&quot;document.getElementById(&quot;title&quot;).innerHTML = &quot;New text!&quot;;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You might need to escape the inner quotation marks, haven't been able to run an actual test. Or use single apostrophes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-03-24T14:54:59.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30418" CreationDate="2015-03-24T15:11:04.630" Score="3" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a way to have a negative test result on a site requiring HTTPS that has a http-&gt;https redirect. I already have steps showing the redirect, and I can use the --ssl-version-max=ssl3 flag in Chrome to make the request fail, but I'd rather not have to explain why SSLv3 is &lt;em&gt;essentially&lt;/em&gt; like not having SSL at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11469" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T18:11:10.283" Title="Anyone aware of a browser where HTTPS can be disabled entirely for negative testing?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12479" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-24T17:26:25.763" Score="2" ViewCount="2188" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I find this element by css this is what I have so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.simplecolorpicker &amp;gt; span[title*=#ff8081]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the image of the html:&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cmP5O.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11471" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-03-25T21:46:07.347" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T16:07:21.990" Title="Help finding child class with cssSelector syntax" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12481" CreationDate="2015-03-24T17:34:08.137" Score="0" ViewCount="9655" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this code below which seems to not go to the else if statement. It runs the first part but never seems to go to part 2, if element 1 is already selected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (!driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/span/span[1]&quot;)).isSelected() ) {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/span/span[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;} else if(!driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/span/span[2]&quot;)).isSelected() ) {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/span/span[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to happen is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Element 1 is not selected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else Click Element 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11471" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:43:38.347" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:43:38.347" Title="Help with else if statement Webdriver Selenium" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12480" CreationDate="2015-03-24T21:13:49.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I made your code readable.  Please do that from now on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your flow is as follows...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if span[1] is not selected then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click span[1]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;else if span[2] is not selected then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click span[2]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please clarify what precisely is happening so we can help you properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;EDIT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I mention above your second part is checking if span[2] is not selected...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If&lt;/strong&gt; Element 1 is not selected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Else&lt;/strong&gt; Click Element 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how you can follow your logic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (!driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/span/span[1]&quot;)).isSelected() ) {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/span/span[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;} else {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/span/span[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9071" LastEditorUserId="9071" LastEditDate="2015-03-25T13:40:39.477" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T13:40:39.477" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12473" CreationDate="2015-03-25T01:44:59.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Smoke testing&lt;/strong&gt; is the term teams I've been on used to describe the initial quick pass on brand new code (or at least a new build) to make sure nothing major is broken in a major way (that will block you from the majority of testing). This is the first step before you get into regression and rigorous new feature testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may consider &lt;strong&gt;Sanity Testing.&lt;/strong&gt; Usually smoke testing is one of the first stages of testing, sanity testing happens throughout to make sure major functionality is still working properly, and that new features are working as intended. I usually do one final sweep of sanity right before deploying to prod, and then one ON prod right after deploying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the term you are looking for, that is, a post-deploy check on production, I usually just call that a &lt;strong&gt;Prod Pass,&lt;/strong&gt; or much like the &lt;strong&gt;Production Test&lt;/strong&gt; you described. I say &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Prod Pass&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; because each one can be a little different depending on the type of release, and the name lets it be a little more vague. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Prod Pass&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; consists of:&#xA;1. All main functionality still works, all pages load, etc.&#xA;2. New features work as intended.&#xA;3. No spike in error logs, load times or irregular server or site behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've set up good logging and an alert system (I love &lt;strong&gt;Splunk&lt;/strong&gt; for this), then a huge part of this job is done for you automatically and it will be easy to quickly see if there's a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7387" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T01:44:59.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12474" CreationDate="2015-03-25T09:40:49.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would do it on this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a class with methods that you use to create new &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instances as easy as possible. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver userOne = DriverBuilder.getUserOne();&#xA;WebDriver userTwo = DriverBuilder.getUserTwo();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that you have two &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instances and you can control each on them separate. You do not have to use different browsers. Both instances can be the Firefox browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to work with &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instances across several unit tests, create a class that act as a pool/collection. You put initialized &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;s into it and get them, when you need. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Unit Test 1&#xA;DriverPool.put(initializedDriver, &quot;uniqueName&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// Unit Test 2&#xA;WebDriver chattingUser = DriverPool.get(&quot;uniqueName&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you have to be careful. If you put a lot of instances into the pool, there are a lot of browsers open and maybe your grid system is not able to handle them all. So you have to be sure, that you delete instances that you do not need anymore. Maybe this is the most challenging part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition: Try to keep everything that have to do with the initialization and handling of the &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;s outside your unit tests. Put this into &lt;code&gt;@Before&lt;/code&gt; methods or somewhere else. It is important to not mess unit tests up. They have to be easy to read and concentrate on testing itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This is just a theoretical solution. I do not know if this will solve your problem, but my mind says it should. The same apply the code examples.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2015-03-25T09:52:48.940" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T09:52:48.940" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12490" CreationDate="2015-03-25T16:43:28.927" Score="0" ViewCount="815" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some good checklists / point regarding units tests. Could anyone please give some good unit testing checklists?&#xA;I just need sample checklists as we are in the process of creating one common unit testing checklist across different projects in our company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11483" LastEditorUserId="11483" LastEditDate="2015-03-26T13:38:28.000" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T13:38:28.000" Title="Need some unit testing checklists" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-03-26T04:50:51.247" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12489" CreationDate="2015-03-25T16:50:51.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.com/2012/12/unit-testing-checklists.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; if it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T16:50:51.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12479" CreationDate="2015-03-25T17:43:35.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just one issue I see with your CSS selector.  When you select by attribute, you need to enclose the attribute value in quotes.  Other than that, the * is also probably unnecessary as this should be an exact match:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.simplecolorpicker &amp;gt; span[title='#ff8081']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CSS selectors are pretty awesome, there is no reason not to use them, but that does NOT mean you have to select everything by class name.  Even with CSS selectors, if you have relatively large pages, the performance of finding the element in the DOM is much improved if you use an ID.  I would ask your developers to add ID's to any static content, and if there is any dynamic content such as a list of items, then add an ID to the parent so you can locate that element by ID, then get the children.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2015-03-25T17:43:35.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12494" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12509" CreationDate="2015-03-25T21:36:55.807" Score="1" ViewCount="507" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been trying to set up appium to run android tests in an ubuntu machine. Here what i did so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up JRE and JDK (and set system variables);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installed node.js/npm without using &lt;em&gt;sudo&lt;/em&gt;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installed  Android SDK and an API Level 22 (and set system&#xA;variables);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installed Apache Ant (not configured yet);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;installed git (and set name and e-mail on &lt;em&gt;gitconfig&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i ran &lt;code&gt;npm install -g appium&lt;/code&gt;, here what i got:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! build error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! stack Error: &lt;code&gt;make&lt;/code&gt; failed with exit code: 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.onExit (/home/andre/node-v0.12.1-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/build.js:267:23)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:110:17)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:1067:12)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-32-generic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! command &quot;node&quot; &quot;/home/andre/node-v0.12.1-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js&quot; &quot;rebuild&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! cwd /home/andre/node-v0.12.1-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/ws/node_modules/utf-8-validate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! node -v v0.12.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v1.0.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! not ok &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! build error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! stack Error: &lt;code&gt;make&lt;/code&gt; failed with exit code: 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.onExit (/home/andre/node-v0.12.1-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/build.js:267:23)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:110:17)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:1067:12)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-32-generic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! command &quot;node&quot; &quot;/home/andre/node-v0.12.1-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js&quot; &quot;rebuild&quot;&#xA;  gyp ERR! cwd /home/andre/node-v0.12.1-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/ws/node_modules/bufferutil&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! node -v v0.12.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v1.0.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gyp ERR! not ok&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm WARN optional dep failed, continuing utf-8-validate@1.0.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm WARN optional dep failed, continuing bufferutil@1.0.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm WARN engine hawk@0.10.2: wanted: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.8.x&quot;} (current: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.12.1&quot;,&quot;npm&quot;:&quot;2.5.1&quot;})&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm WARN engine sntp@0.1.4: wanted: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.8.x&quot;} (current: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.12.1&quot;,&quot;npm&quot;:&quot;2.5.1&quot;})&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm WARN engine hoek@0.7.6: wanted: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.8.x&quot;} (current: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.12.1&quot;,&quot;npm&quot;:&quot;2.5.1&quot;})&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm WARN engine boom@0.3.8: wanted: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.8.x&quot;} (current: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.12.1&quot;,&quot;npm&quot;:&quot;2.5.1&quot;})&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm WARN engine cryptiles@0.1.3: wanted: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.8.x&quot;} (current: {&quot;node&quot;:&quot;0.12.1&quot;,&quot;npm&quot;:&quot;2.5.1&quot;})&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! git clone git://github.com/vojtajina/traceur-compiler Cloning into bare repository '/home/andre/.npm/_git-remotes/git-github-com-vojtajina-traceur-compiler-f4c43c65'...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! git clone git://github.com/vojtajina/traceur-compiler fatal: unable to connect to github.com:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! git clone git://github.com/vojtajina/traceur-compiler github.com[0: 192.30.252.128]: errno=Refused connection&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! Linux 3.13.0-32-generic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! argv &quot;/home/andre/node-v0.12.1-linux-x64/bin/node&quot; &quot;/home/andre/node-v0.12.1-linux-x64/bin/npm&quot; &quot;install&quot; &quot;-g&quot; &quot;appium&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! node v0.12.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! npm  v2.5.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! code 128&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! Command failed: git clone --template=/home/andre/.npm/_git-remotes/_templates --mirror git://github.com/vojtajina/traceur-compiler /home/andre/.npm/_git-remotes/git-github-com-vojtajina-traceur-compiler-f4c43c65&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! Cloning into bare repository '/home/andre/.npm/_git-remotes/git-github-com-vojtajina-traceur-compiler-f4c43c65'...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! fatal: unable to connect to github.com:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! github.com[0: 192.30.252.128]: errno=Refused connection&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this error at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR!     &lt;a href=&quot;http://github.com/npm/npm/issues&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://github.com/npm/npm/issues&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR! Please include the following file with any support request:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm ERR!     /home/andre/npm-debug.log&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10538" LastActivityDate="2015-03-27T13:42:14.900" Title="Error when installing appium through npm in ubuntu" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12495" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-25T22:19:29.557" Score="5" ViewCount="18737" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently running a bunch of automated tests and recording the results in a SQL database.  Has anyone built a reporting dashboard for automation results before?  What are some good open source tools for doing so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T04:13:40.620" Title="What are some good tools for implementing report dashboard for automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T08:50:58.973" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12496" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12497" CreationDate="2015-03-26T00:31:55.940" Score="0" ViewCount="1458" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;tbInput&quot; text=&quot;foo&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It turns out somebody wrote the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$(&quot;#tbInput&quot;).on(&quot;keypress&quot;, function (e) {&#xA;    if (e.keyCode == 13) {&#xA;        // bad code!&#xA;        e.preventDefault();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; the desired behavior, as pressing &lt;kbd&gt;enter&lt;/kbd&gt; to submit a form is often what the user wants to happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I test that pressing &lt;kbd&gt;enter&lt;/kbd&gt; on &lt;code&gt;#tbInput&lt;/code&gt; causes the form to submit during an automated test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I haven't figured out a way to simulate a keypress event that will cause a form submit.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jsfiddle.net/gwjnhujo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jsFiddle link&lt;/a&gt;  Have at it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11486" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T18:04:54.427" Title="How to test that pressing &lt;enter&gt; on an HTML input element causes the form to submit" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12496" CreationDate="2015-03-26T03:40:59.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What tool are you using to interact with the DOM? If you are using selenium, ENTER is an available keypress event that you can trigger on a particular element: &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/Keys.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/Keys.html&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing with javascript, you can trigger a keypress directly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var e = $.Event('keypress');&#xA;e.which = 13;&#xA;$('form').trigger(e);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In response to comment below, I see what you're getting at. I suspect that browsers specially handle that case of enter on a form field and fire a form submission event (after the keypress event has been evaluated)? So I don't think you can really emulate that behavior purely with javascript (though I may be wrong). I ran a quick test with selenium (which has as close to &quot;native&quot; browser events as you can get) and got the behavior you're looking for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; ff = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; ff.get('file:///home/justin/Desktop/test.html')&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; el = ff.find_element_by_css_selector('#tbInput')&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; el.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)&#xA;# Alert popped up twice!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you expect to be doing more UI testing along these lines, the investment in selenium might be worth it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5494" LastEditorUserId="5494" LastEditDate="2015-03-26T18:04:54.427" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T18:04:54.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12499" CreationDate="2015-03-26T07:18:14.313" Score="0" ViewCount="374" Body="&lt;p&gt;the code is &lt;strong&gt;self.close();&lt;/strong&gt; some times the window is closed and sometime it doesn't closed and not throwing any popup or alert. So i wanted to check whether the window is closed or still open? How it can be done through &lt;strong&gt;selenium&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6174" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T07:43:48.647" Title="How to check when self.close(); executed or not in java?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12498" CreationDate="2015-03-26T07:43:48.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming I understand your question correctly... You should store the ID (of the window you're trying to close) in a variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After calling the close method, check if the window ID still exists.&#xA;If it does, something went wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example in C#. Instead of the String.Equals check, you can also get a list of all windowHandles and check if the specific handle is still in it.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: didn't test this, just an idea to get you going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string handle = driver.CurrentWindowHandle;&#xA;driver.Close();&#xA;if (String.Equals(handle, driver.CurrentWindowHandle))&#xA;    throw new Exception(&quot;Not closed!&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T07:43:48.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12500" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12753" CreationDate="2015-03-26T09:22:47.980" Score="4" ViewCount="19079" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to create a test script in &lt;a href=&quot;https://nodejs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Node.JS&lt;/a&gt; using selenium webdriver and in case I need to send keyboard shortcuts to the driver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried finding the &lt;code&gt;//body&lt;/code&gt; element and sending them but only ctrl+a works there. Is there any alternative to that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to simulate &lt;strong&gt;ctrl&lt;/strong&gt; + &lt;strong&gt;tab&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;ctrl&lt;/strong&gt; + &lt;strong&gt;t&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11405" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-09T00:29:53.913" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T00:29:53.913" Title="How to send Keyboard Shortcuts to browser using Selenium and Nodejs" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;nodejs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12472" CreationDate="2015-03-26T16:58:16.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an indirect answer to your question, because I think you may be asking the wrong question.  I am not sure that either of the things you are asking for - a statistical way to determine peak load in 1 second from average load in a day, and vice versa - are necessarily that important when it comes to performance and load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is hard to determine a peak load based only on the average load.  Depending on the service, there may be promotions or special events that push the peak load up way way beyond what is normal or average.  What I have found through performance testing many different applications is that estimations of peak load are often wrong, and trying to guess at it is really pretty hit or miss.  If you have an application that is already in use and have production data for that application, that is usually the best indicator of future load, however even that can change dramatically if there is press about the site, or some event that pushes more users than expected to the site for a short period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb, I typically estimate to the best of my ability what the peak load will be (for a 1 hour period) and test with that, then I test with 5X that load, then I ramp up from that and go until the site is no longer functional to find the upper bounds of what kind of load the site can take.  So long as your site continues to function, even if it slows down, you are usually in pretty good shape, but doing 5X load or more usually uncovers other issues that cause servers to topple over or crash, and those are critical to fix if you ever expect to encounter spikes in usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, determining peak load in a second, or even a minute is not really important because your simulation should have varying delays between executions, so if you run at &quot;peak load&quot; for an hour or more, you will get a good realistic variance of load per second over the course of your run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all I had was average load for an hour, I would start with an estimate of 10X that for peak, but again, there are SO many variables to take into consideration, it really will be more specific to your web site or application and require some thought about how it is intended to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2015-03-26T16:58:16.563" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12503" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12752" CreationDate="2015-03-26T17:05:02.570" Score="3" ViewCount="3298" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm just beginner in this field. I have already created simple tests using Selenium in .NET environment together with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NUnit&lt;/a&gt;. I also hard coded the same or similar tests for my framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, behind the curtains, what are the differences between &lt;strong&gt;recording tests with Selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;manual-code them with .Net and NUnit&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is test recording using Firefox and Selenium IDE everything what I need? Or are there any disadvantages with this approach? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10909" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-20T18:28:22.930" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T08:55:57.730" Title="Test recording with Selenium IDE vs manual programming test framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10400" CreationDate="2015-03-27T09:54:24.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;we are testing Xray for Jira at the moment if it fits our needs. It works quite well. We will have to use the Xporter Extension as well because we want to keep the older versions of tests and the documentation separated from Jira in Confluence. The only bug I came across so far is that it is only possible to a single precondition to a test. It would be more comfortable to have the ability to attach more preconditions. But this can be work-arounded.&#xA;Hope this helps! &#xA;Bye, Wolfram&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11499" LastActivityDate="2015-03-27T09:54:24.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-27T12:34:55.297" Score="0" ViewCount="10750" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium Webdriver with Firefox (although the same behaviour occurs in IE and Chrome). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been using &lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().to().(&quot;&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; and it was working fine for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am passing in other URLs using &lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().to().(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The browser is loading the previously given URL not the one passed in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-04-01T13:50:20.037" LastActivityDate="2016-05-01T14:37:11.117" Title="Webdriver not navigating to passed in URL" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12494" CreationDate="2015-03-27T13:42:14.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Found the problem. Since i'm in a enterprise network, i'm behind a proxy. So i was unable to use git.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the commands below, i was able to clone folders using https instead http.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;git config --global url.&quot;https://github.com/&quot;.insteadOf git@github.com:&#xA;git config --global url.&quot;https://&quot;.insteadOf git://&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10538" LastActivityDate="2015-03-27T13:42:14.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12511" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-27T20:36:36.057" Score="2" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am the only one responsible for the quality of the company's products, so when I get a requirements elicitation, I don't have time to do all the documentation, i.e. I get the LR and I've been doing direct manual tests. The problem is that the products have a lot of business rule, so I would like to make at least the test cases, I can specify some rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You suggest me some lean model that can add value?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8865" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T22:09:25.723" Title="Lean documentation" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12519" CreationDate="2015-03-30T06:41:23.377" Score="0" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on WebdriverJS + NodeJS for selenium automation for one of the projects.I am facing an Issue with a login page, when the home page loads successfully after clicking on login link, login page title loads perfectly but the elements are not visible (means Email and password fields, login button etc..). After some time those elements are visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what is my mistake, I want to know why this is happening is it bcoz of slow internet connection? or something else. Please let me know if anyone faces this issue and have a solution to resolve it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T07:14:56.580" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T07:14:56.580" Title="Page elements are not visible even after complete page loading" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12516" CreationDate="2015-03-30T09:39:55.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, if you get an exception in your test script, add a wait function (&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25753014/selenium-webdriver-wait-till-element-is-displayed&quot;&gt;see the how-to via this link&lt;/a&gt;). That way, you'll only enter values in a control once that control is available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, if your page is loading very slowly even when going through it manually, it has nothing to do with Selenium. It seems like a performance and/or network issue, in which case this question should be asked not at the SQA community, but Stackoverflow (or another network-related community).&#xA;In any case you'll have to provide a lot more (technical) context info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T09:39:55.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12520" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12540" CreationDate="2015-03-30T10:14:05.057" Score="2" ViewCount="1603" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to verify a value using Selenium IDE, but the value is a variable contained within a table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the script below, the row and column is being defined (&lt;em&gt;16&lt;/em&gt; is the row, &lt;em&gt;5&lt;/em&gt; is the column) - but this will be impossible to maintain in future as it's constantly changing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//tr[@id='rgvTransactions_ctl00__16']/td[5]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;437.50&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best way to verify the value of &lt;em&gt;437.50&lt;/em&gt; but without defining the exact row and column?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2015-03-30T10:40:47.510" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T21:45:01.410" Title="Verifying a variable contained within a table with Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12266" CreationDate="2015-03-30T10:33:36.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assume that your text box has an ID eg: app_title, you can hover over it using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    element = @driver.find_element(:id,&quot;app_title&quot;)&#xA;    @driver.action.move_to(element).perform&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will place the mouse focus on the textbox and you will see your edit icon on the screen. After that it is simple, you can click on it using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    @driver.find_element(how,what).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11520" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-03-30T11:21:32.517" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T11:21:32.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12523" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12750" CreationDate="2015-03-30T12:06:14.563" Score="1" ViewCount="1046" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need help to build data driven framework for &lt;a href=&quot;http://watirwebdriver.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WATIR Webdriver&lt;/a&gt;. Here my concern is, can we build data driven framework by reading data from excel in Watir-webdriver as we have option in Selenium+Testng framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11522" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-20T17:58:48.330" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T18:07:36.710" Title="How Can i build Data Driven framework with Watir Webdriver where test data will be excel files" Tags="&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12524" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-30T13:18:51.823" Score="7" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;New to the site. Please let me know if this question is out of the scope of this forum, and if there is a better place to post it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have developed many applications both in a production environment and for personal use. In the production environment, we have dedicated software analysts, testers, and frameworks/procedures to self-test the code. However, with personal development there are only so many devices/platforms I can test my programs with, and only so much time in the world. I'd love to crowd source the testing, but my few attempts (namely this one: &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/android-betatesters/1SWl_v40v5I/5q3RPuLQPzQJ&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/android-betatesters/1SWl_v40v5I/5q3RPuLQPzQJ&lt;/a&gt;) has failed miserably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you recommend any communities that might be of service?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS- Please do not mistake this post as a shameless plug of my app. I am genuinely interested in finding/developing a community dedicated to beta-testing. I am not here only for self-service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11525" LastActivityDate="2020-08-18T07:20:58.907" Title="Where to find Beta-Testers" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12524" CreationDate="2015-03-30T14:05:18.920" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know of any free ones, but there are a number of services around that do exactly what you're after. Plus, they range from system or system integration testing to beta or user acceptance testing - so it really depends on your requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://bugwolf.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bug Wolf&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://99tests.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;99 tests&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bugfinders.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bug Finders&lt;/a&gt; to see if they suit your needs. Otherwise, Googling something along the lines of &quot;&lt;em&gt;crowd sourced testing&lt;/em&gt;&quot; or something more specific like &quot;&lt;em&gt;crowd sourced beta testing&lt;/em&gt;&quot; - you'll definitely find something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; I don't work for any of the companies listed but have looked at them previously for similar reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T14:05:18.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12524" CreationDate="2015-03-30T17:09:53.390" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Applause&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.applause.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Applausse&lt;/a&gt; the testing services based on their tester network from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;UTest&lt;/a&gt;, I have done some cross-browser and mobile app testing for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They offer scripted testcases and exploratory sessions where you pay per found issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amazon Mechanical Turk&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mturk.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Amazon Mechanical Turk&lt;/a&gt; you can define small work loads. Like install and do some action, give some feedback. I am not sure you can force people to use certainly mobile devices, but I think it should be possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-19T15:31:06.963" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T15:31:06.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-03-30T20:04:23.590" Score="1" ViewCount="1948" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning about software quality assurance on my own (self-education). I am using a lot of youtube videos and I'm also googling some of questions. I have just realized that there are differences between SQA and Software tester. So can someone explain to me, why/how are they different from each other?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11528" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-03-31T10:52:43.763" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T09:58:39.547" Title="What is the difference between a software quality analyst, and a software tester" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12132" CreationDate="2015-03-30T22:33:42.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Webdriver is a browser manipulation API only and as such the ability to read office or PDF files is out of scope of its capabilities, but the office interop libraries will allow you to read data from office files in C#, and there will be similar libraries for reading PDF documents. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T22:33:42.237" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1304" CreationDate="2015-03-30T22:49:35.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You seem to be trying to select the a tags based on an attribute which is on a font tag. Instead, try the xpath selector &lt;code&gt;//a[@target='SearchFrame']&lt;/code&gt; to select all the links. You can use Driver.SelectElements to return these as an &lt;code&gt;IEnumerable&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Sorry if the selector isn't quite right, I'm trying this on my phone so can't check back to the DOM you pasted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need the hrefs themselves, just project these using a lambda expression, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;query.Select(e =&amp;gt; e.GetAttribute&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(&quot;href&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you an &lt;code&gt;IEnumerable&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; containing the individual hrefs. Otherwise if you want the link texts, just select &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;query.Select(e =&amp;gt; e.Text);&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastEditorUserId="4338" LastEditDate="2015-03-30T22:55:46.223" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T22:55:46.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12527" CreationDate="2015-03-30T23:49:12.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that it is important to understand the difference between testing and QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one post you need to read on the topic by Michael Bolton, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/05/testers-get-out-of-the-quality-assurance-business/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testers get out of the QA business&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short version is that testers, who don't change code, are &lt;em&gt;assisting&lt;/em&gt; with quality, not &lt;em&gt;assuring&lt;/em&gt; it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2015-03-30T23:49:12.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2431" CreationDate="2015-03-31T02:39:28.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is what we did at my company: write a webapp that talks to Gmail over IMAP.   The webapp displays your inbox, or individual messages, in a form that is easy for Webdriver to process.  It can also display individual messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T02:39:28.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1997" CreationDate="2015-03-31T03:18:59.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how it can be done - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download selenium from here &lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenium&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming that you are on windows use - python setup.py install&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download IEDriverServer.exe and put it in your path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-py prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys&#xA;&#xA;driver = webdriver.Ie(&quot;C:\\Python34\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;)&#xA;//Your tests here&#xA;driver.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11530" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-03-31T11:03:44.100" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T11:03:44.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11516" CreationDate="2015-03-31T06:13:56.723" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt; might be a good fit for you. Sikuli uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components. Sikuli automates anything you see on the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11199" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T06:13:56.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12524" CreationDate="2015-03-31T06:34:45.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not check us out! We have 17 k beta testers in our community and they together own 470 different devices. You can do both private and public tests and also choose if you would like to pay the testers or if it's a free test. Have a look and see if our platform could work for you. &lt;a href=&quot;https://betafamily.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://betafamily.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11534" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T06:34:45.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12524" CreationDate="2015-03-31T07:28:39.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at a new platform called &lt;a href=&quot;http://rainforestqa.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://rainforestqa.com&lt;/a&gt;. It's a new approach to crowdtesting where you can arrange testers with different web/mobile environments. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a number of free test sessions you can execute, so you'll be able to evaluate the tool without needing to pay upfront&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T07:28:39.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3713" CreationDate="2015-03-31T08:51:36.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sahi is indeed a great tool. They provide wonderful support and assistance. For a developer who has no time to automate testing, Sahi is invaluable. It is simple, provides AJAX support and does not depend on HTML implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other tools are good if you have a dedicated team to handle testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11536" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T08:51:36.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12520" CreationDate="2015-03-31T21:45:01.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's unclear which part will be &quot;constantly changing&quot;. A lot of this depends on which parts of the source page will not change&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the row number will change and the row id is dynamic but has part that doesn't change, you could use the following xpath as your locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//tr[contains(@id,'rgvTransactions')]/td[5]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or an alternative css locator that does the same thing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tr[id*=rgvTransactions] &amp;gt; td:nth-child(5)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the column is changing as well that is more difficult, and hard to answer without understanding more about the source of the page you are working with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1893" LastActivityDate="2015-03-31T21:45:01.410" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12541" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12550" CreationDate="2015-04-01T11:50:18.233" Score="0" ViewCount="814" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have start learning Selenium WebDriver, but i am confused between Java and Python. Which language should i choose? I do have basic ideas of Core Java but haven't wrote a single piece of code with python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So please suggest me which is the better language for Selenium WebDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11553" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:42:30.673" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:42:30.673" Title="Which can be better to work with Selenium WebDriver - Java or Python?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-04-08T05:45:58.277" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-01T11:59:24.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They work equally well.  If you have never programmed before, it may be easier to start with Python.  If you want an eventual career as a developer, you will eventually want to learn Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T11:59:24.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-01T12:48:32.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium + Java has a lot of tutorials / examples / documentation available. I believe there's plenty of documentation available on using TestNG in Java or the ATU Graphical Reporter if you are into designing automation framework or reporting structures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you might find it easier to start Selenium with Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T12:48:32.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-01T13:59:54.400" Score="1" ViewCount="937" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a application that have 3 differents environment(development, qa and production) that are integrated with jenkins, my doubt is, where's the better environment to run automated tests development or qa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In development environment, the features are develop and changes are made.&#xA;In qa environment, the features and bugs are enable to test team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The intention here is run automated tests, to validate UI, we have integration tests and unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11555" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-01T17:01:26.473" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T17:08:33.077" Title="Automated tests with selenium must run in local environment or qa environment?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12544" CreationDate="2015-04-01T15:02:46.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the Op is asking two questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If, in the version control system, the code in QA is tagged (or branched) separately from code in development, which version should you use with the Selenium tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where should the Selenium tests run: on the developer's desktop or in the QA environment?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have enough organization/business/technology information to answer the OP's questions, but here are some considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developers don't like to run long-running tests.&lt;/strong&gt;  As a general rule, if you write a test that takes a long time to run, developers won't run it.  This is even more true if the test requires a lot of setup or if the test makes the machine unavailable for other work.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual testers may interfere with your automated tests, and vice versa.&lt;/strong&gt;  If you run your automation tests in the same environment as your manual tests, the tests may interfere with each other.  For example, imagine an automated test that registers a new user.  The test enters the user's name and email address, and then after the user is  registered, the test verifies that the name and email address are correct.  If a manual tester simultaneously uses the Edit button to change the user's email address, the automated test may fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative, of course, is to reserve a QA machine exclusively for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is convenient for a developer to be able to reproduce a test failure in their development environment.&lt;/strong&gt;  It is hard to diagnose and debug a problem if the developer can't reproduce it in their own environment.   So even if a developer won't run your long-running test as part of their development process, they might run it when a specific problem appears.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Whether you test the dev version, the QA version, or both depends on your goals, your development process, and your resources.&lt;/strong&gt;  If your goal is to catch bugs in QA, you  probably want to test with the QA version.  If your goal is to catch bugs earlier than that, you might want to test the development version -- but only if at any point in time, the development version is expected to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-01T17:08:33.077" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T17:08:33.077" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12472" CreationDate="2015-04-01T18:59:06.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only way you can do this is if you make an educated guess about the distribution of your data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise you're asking the impossible: Given an aggregated measure of center (the average) return an outlier (the peak).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to guess that your data is a normal distribution, then you should be able to derive the top nth percentile and use that as your peak (if you also know the standard deviation in addition to the average).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless your organization is expecting you to verify your system can withstand a black swan, this should be a completely rational way to choose your peak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-04-01T18:59:06.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-02T04:09:29.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According my experience JAVA is better if you think about scope and career. I agree with @user246.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you will have vast area , lots of tutorials to use java with selenium.  If you have good command over python programming then you should not switch to java for selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T04:09:29.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12524" CreationDate="2015-04-02T04:17:05.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try from freelancing sites. You will get lot of experienced testers there. You will have diff. testing experts there. You can choose best one according to your need and budget.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Utest community is also good solution. That is also collection of good testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T04:17:05.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-02T07:15:45.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At this point of time it doesn't matter which language you'll start with, 'cause both are relatively easy to learn considering the number of educational resources available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more important thing is the language your application under test is developed with. In case when the application under test written in Java and you do your automated testing usingPython, you don't have a chance to get a good support from the developers, which you as a newbie in programming will certainly need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that in your situation you have better to stick to the language which is mainly used by an application under test in order to be able to resolve programming issues quicker and get help from your development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T07:15:45.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12555" CreationDate="2015-04-02T15:37:37.713" Score="8" ViewCount="24989" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a student and for learning purpose I am looking for following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Open source projects who have a ready-made selenium test-suite, free for others to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can be any sort of web application, in any domains. (Examples could be Openbravo, Sweethome3D etc. ) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;all I want is that such applications have an entire code for test-suite, which I can run from my IDE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;preferably Java-coded selenium 2.0 tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any such OSS applications? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links to their selenium repositories?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded this - &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But unable to run tests as I couldn't find selenium-config repository-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Running Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The following steps should get you set up for running Selenium tests locally on your machine:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. Clone this repository to your local machine (not your devbox).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. Clone selenium-config repository to your local machine.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3. Copy config_default.yml file and name it config.yml (this will be your local config)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;4. Modify credentialsPath property in config.yml to point to credentials.xml file from cloned selenium-config repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can anybody guide me how to do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11566" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T06:51:58.887" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T06:51:58.887" Title="Free/Sample Selenium test suites (code) for Open Source projects" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12552" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-02T15:39:59.030" Score="1" ViewCount="1503" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Maven and TestNG to support my Selenium testing framework for a project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using a custom test listener to report results into TestRail (our TCM tool). I am also using another custom test listener to handle cleaning up HAR files leftover by only a few tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of my test classes have only the TCM test listener specified like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(groups = {&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;})&#xA;@Listeners({TestNGCaseResultsListener.class})&#xA;public class MyTestClass extends SeleniumTestRailTest { ... }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Maven Failsafe POM includes section is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;includes&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;**/folderOne/*.java&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;**/folderTwo/*.java&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;**/folderThree/**/**.java&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;**/folderFour/tests/*.java&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/includes&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am not specifying test listeners in the POM, via the command line, nor am I using a TestNG suite XML file.&lt;/strong&gt; The only times the listeners are specified is as annotations for the class as appropriate (see above). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I issue this command to run one of the TCM-listener-only tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mvn -Dgroups=a verify&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My HARfile cleanup listener (which is not attached to the test class that is running) will get fired off anyway when a test passes or fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that there is a test class that matches my Failsafe includes, which is annotated with the 'unwanted' listener. That class is in folderFour/tests/HARfiletest.java (following my includes described above.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that listener being loaded up even though that class isn't being used? Is there a way to avoid this from happening? I only want test listeners annotated on classes that actually have tests run, not from any other classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10996" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-02T16:11:35.093" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T17:20:36.147" Title="How to disable specific Maven and TestNG test listeners when running tests from groups?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12553" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12554" CreationDate="2015-04-02T17:49:23.670" Score="9" ViewCount="25321" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is be the focus of QA testing compared and UAT? Is it fair to say that QA testing is primarily about catching bugs or errors, while UAT is for validating that the business processes work appropriately?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11567" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2015-04-08T05:44:55.597" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T18:05:40.990" Title="Purpose of Quality Assurance (QA) testing vs User Acceptance Testing (UAT)?" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12553" CreationDate="2015-04-02T19:54:08.113" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA and UAT have different goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a commercial stand point QA is there to make sure the clients will accept the version during UAT. After UAT, taking it into production and making sure the client does not run into (too many) critical issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Client UAT is there to verify clients do not take a version into production that does not meet their minimal required workflow and make sure that they can continue working even when running into minor issues, not spotted at first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a personal standpoint the QA assists on the development teams side and the UAT is only on the client side. Both want the be able to assure the best product as possible. The client just should not trust the dev team's QA. The QA teams often focuses on general needs of multiple clients and issues that have arisen in the past. Where clients could be using the product in ways that are not specified and need to make sure these &quot;workaround&quot; features still work in newer versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QA&lt;/strong&gt; helps the dev team in having a fast feedback (quality) cycle for new features and to safeguard older features with automated or manual test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UAT&lt;/strong&gt; makes sure the client teams can work with newer version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, they are different phases in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development,_testing,_acceptance_and_production&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DTAP&lt;/a&gt; model, where QA is the T(est) phase and UAT is the A(cceptance) phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="22365" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T18:31:19.730" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T18:31:19.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12551" CreationDate="2015-04-02T20:19:58.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A quick search for &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=github%20selenium%20tests&amp;amp;es_th=1&amp;amp;rct=j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium tests on github&lt;/a&gt; results in multiple open-source projects hosting their test cases there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wikia: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins CI: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jenkinsci/selenium-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/jenkinsci/selenium-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mozilla Addons: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/Addon-Tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mozilla/Addon-Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other open-source project sites look at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.google.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T20:19:58.290" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12568" CreationDate="2015-04-02T20:52:34.350" Score="1" ViewCount="944" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the situation I am facing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created on JMX script, in which I gave the CSV data config which has defined Username &amp;amp; Password data for 2 Rows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thread Group : I Have given 2 Users 1 Iteration &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assertion : Main Sample only/Text Response /Contains&#xA;Current Thread Group/Current Thread&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without Assertion /With the Assertion for Username : When I looked at the Response body taking the right Username &amp;amp; Password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response Code: 200 and OK.&#xA;I have checked the following calls response code is fine and script ran successfully till Logout call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question : With the Assertion even though taking the Right values,fails on the Assertion.&#xA;Response Assertion : Test failed: text expected to contain /tt_perf1/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please advise me!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Rajani&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9258" LastActivityDate="2015-04-04T12:08:51.140" Title="Login assertion Fails" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12511" CreationDate="2015-04-02T22:09:25.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't have time to do all the documentation, test cases, strategy,&#xA;  test plan, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I almost always recommend producing the &lt;strong&gt;minimum necessary documentation&lt;/strong&gt;. Call it lean documentation, minimum viable documentation, whatever. You want just enough that helps plan and guide the testing you need to do. Anything more starts to lose value very quickly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically this means defining a strategy (high level test ideas) and setting up whatever systems, data, structures I need before I get into my testing. Test plan documents usually aren't necessary but you shouldn't spend much time on them anyways. Google is famous for their 10-minute test plans. Most test plans are throw away documents - once they are created, they are almost never used again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what you mean when you say test cases. Hopefully you don't mean heavily scripted / written tests that say &quot;step 1 do this, with this expected result&quot;. I've found this to be a waste of time and just not valuable (most times). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some tests will need to be designed in advance. Some may even need great detail. Most won't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Currently I am the only one responsible for the quality of the&#xA;  company's products&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're saying there is no one in the company other than yourself who is responsible for the quality of the products? The programmers you work with aren't responsible for building quality in? There are no managers, executives or a CEO that takes responsibility for the companies product? If this is truly the case there is nothing you can do. After all you can't &lt;strong&gt;test quality in&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final words of advice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are worried about your value (that's a good thing), be smart with your time. If you feel like you're spending too much time on a test or effort that isn't producing valuable results, stop and re-evaluate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-04-02T22:09:25.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12003" CreationDate="2015-04-03T07:57:38.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the way as per the &lt;a href=&quot;http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-core/1.0/reference.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;select($this-&amp;gt;byId('month'))-&amp;gt;selectOptionByValue(2);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;select(&quot;month&quot;, &quot;label=Option label&quot;);&#xA;$this-&amp;gt;select(&quot;month&quot;, &quot;value=Option value&quot;); &#xA;$this-&amp;gt;select(&quot;month&quot;, &quot;id=Option id&quot;); &#xA;$this-&amp;gt;select(&quot;month&quot;, &quot;index=Option index&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-03T14:14:07.870" LastActivityDate="2015-04-03T14:14:07.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12559" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-03T13:07:45.303" Score="2" ViewCount="1613" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a small question regarding selenium automation. I am using selenium automation for one website(live). Does its performance depend on internet speed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:41:43.807" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T16:53:21.117" Title="Does Selenium depend on internet speed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12559" CreationDate="2015-04-03T13:30:20.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it most certainly does.&#xA;Selenium can only address elements once they're loaded, but that loading (controls, ajax calls, ...) is depending on your connection (and browser).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, I had a perfectly working script with nice explicit waits for our test environment. But the execution on the production website went bad in places, because the ajax calls were delayed by the proxy (or whatever the exact technical issue is). I even had to use some fixed waits (I know!) because the explicit waits didn't suffice for one reason or another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-04-03T13:30:20.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12553" CreationDate="2015-04-03T15:59:43.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb you can think of it as the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UAT is the QA for people who request the software to make sure the request is fulfilled.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA team is usually more technical and can troubleshoot issues that go past the enhancement request and how it affects the system overall. This may involve 3rd party data warehousing, reporting, communication with other 3rd party systems, whereas UAT will usually not deal with other systems (unless requests are explicit for those).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4394" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-03T16:02:03.590" LastActivityDate="2015-04-03T16:02:03.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12559" CreationDate="2015-04-03T16:54:25.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aosabook.org/en/selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; article that describes Selenium architecture and how Selenium works. Quote from the article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebDriver controls browsers that are running in other processes.&#xA;  Although it's easy to overlook it, this means that every call that is&#xA;  made through its API is an RPC call and therefore the performance of&#xA;  the framework is at the mercy of network latency. In normal operation,&#xA;  this may not be terribly noticeable—most OSes optimize routing to&#xA;  localhost—but as the network latency between the browser and the test&#xA;  code increases, what may have seemed efficient becomes less so to both&#xA;  API designers and users of that API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastEditorUserId="11513" LastEditDate="2015-04-03T17:00:32.783" LastActivityDate="2015-04-03T17:00:32.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12564" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14072" CreationDate="2015-04-03T20:44:55.493" Score="0" ViewCount="341" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Test plan looks like this:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;MAIN SCRIPT &quot; -Test Plan&#xA;            Stepping Thread Group&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     Test Fragment&#xA;                  Include Controller - TT3.jmx&#xA;                  Include Controller - TT6.jmx&#xA;&#xA;         &quot;TT3&quot; Thread Group&#xA;                    Does  some actions like Login,Select Projoect,Logout&#xA;                    No.Of Users  : 7&#xA;                   CSV Dats Config  file : For UserName &amp;amp; Password(TT3.csv)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;         &quot;TT6 End&quot; Thread Group&#xA;                  Does  some actions like Login,Select Projoect,Logout&#xA;                    No.Of Users  : 2&#xA;                   CSV Dats Config  file : For UserName &amp;amp; Password(TT6.csv)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When  I exectued the test Throws below error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;2015/04/03 12:40:11 INFO  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: loadIncludedElements -- try to load included module: E:\JMETER\J_Scripts\TT3_UsingPort8080.jmx&#xA;2015/04/03 12:40:11 WARN  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: No Test Fragment was found in included Test Plan, returning empty HashTree&#xA;2015/04/03 12:40:11 INFO  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: loadIncludedElements -- try to load included module: E:\JMETER\J_Scripts\TT6_UsingPort8080.jmx&#xA;2015/04/03 12:40:11 WARN  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: No Test Fragment was found in included Test Plan, returning empty HashTree&#xA;2015/04/03 12:40:12 INFO  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: loadIncludedElements -- try to load included module: E:\JMETER\J_Scripts\TT3_UsingPort8080.jmx&#xA;2015/04/03 12:40:12 WARN  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: No Test Fragment was found in included Test Plan, returning empty HashTree&#xA;2015/04/03 12:40:12 INFO  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: loadIncludedElements -- try to load included module: E:\JMETER\J_Scripts\TT6_UsingPort8080.jmx&#xA;2015/04/03 12:40:12 WARN  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: No Test Fragment was found in included Test Plan, returning empty HashTree&#xA;2015/04/03 12:41:33 INFO  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: loadIncludedElements -- try to load included module: E:\JMETER\J_Scripts\TT3_UsingPort8080.jmx&#xA;2015/04/03 12:41:33 WARN  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: No Test Fragment was found in included Test Plan, returning empty HashTree&#xA;2015/04/03 12:41:33 INFO  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: loadIncludedElements -- try to load included module: E:\JMETER\J_Scripts\TT6_UsingPort8080.jmx&#xA;2015/04/03 12:41:33 WARN  - jmeter.control.IncludeController: No Test Fragment was found in included Test Plan, returning empty HashTree&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could some one please advise me what am I missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Raj&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9258" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T12:17:23.693" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T12:17:23.693" Title="Stepping Thread Group throws error" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12565" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-04T01:06:17.387" Score="1" ViewCount="1083" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the title says i'm getting this exception when running my coded U.I Test. Currently i've researched and i cant pin point on whether this is an issue with IE9 or with my program or even VS itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have debugged my program bringing it to the same point that it failed before and it did not fail but continued and didnt receive the error.&#xA;(note i didn't run this from the beginning since it would of taken over an hr again).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm currently running VS 2013 Ultimate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Test is running on browser IE9 v 9.08112&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test usually bombs out as its in the middle after an 1hr or so.  So i dont know if the lenght of this has an issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here is my stack trace:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test method verifyEachCarouselOnLetter threw exception:  The Internet&#xA;  Explorer window is not available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.UITestControlNotAvailableException&#xA;  at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.IE.IEWebControlElement.EnsureValidTopWindow()&#xA;  at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.IE.BrowserHtmlNode.EnsureValid()&#xA;  at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.IE.BrowserHtmlNode.get_HtmlElementNode()&#xA;  at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.IE.BrowserHtmlNode.get_Name()&#xA;  at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Common.UIMap.UIMapUtil.FillPropertyFromUIElement(UIObject&#xA;  obj, IUITechnologyElement element)  at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Common.UIMap.UIMapUtil.FromUIElement(IUITechnologyElement&#xA;  element, UIObject obj)at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Common.UIMap.UIMapUtil.FromUIElement(IUITechnologyElement&#xA;  element)at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.Playback.GetUITestControlString(UITestControl&#xA;  control)at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.UITestControl.EnsureValid(Boolean&#xA;  waitForReady, Boolean refetch) at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.UITestControl.GetPropertyValuePrivate(String&#xA;  propertyName)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.UITestControl.GetPropertyPrivate(String&#xA;  propertyName)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.UITestControl+&amp;lt;&gt;c__DisplayClass3b.b__3a()&#xA;  at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.CodedUITestMethodInvoker.InvokeMethod(Func`1&#xA;  function, UITestControl control, Boolean firePlaybackErrorEvent,&#xA;  Boolean logAsAction) at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.UITestControl.GetProperty(String&#xA;  propertyName)at&#xA;  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.HtmlControls.HtmlHyperlink.get_Target()The&#xA;  Internet Explorer window is not available. Ignoring exception as&#xA;  PlaybackErrorOption.Retry was chosen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone point me in the right direction as too what this issue might be since i'm currently clueless.  I dont really have a clue on where to start since i already debugged this and could not recreate it and because my test will take over hrs to run and i don't want this to continue to happen without the test finishing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11578" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-19T16:47:21.647" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T16:53:24.077" Title="I'm getting the exception &quot;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.UITestControlNotAvailableException&quot; even though control is available" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11870" CreationDate="2015-04-04T03:26:56.437" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;An area missed in earlier answers is working with your development team. You need to ensure that not only the lead, but each member of the test team has a good relationship with the development tea, counterparts. The developers are your greatest allies. Get the devs to write some more robust unit tests. Explain and have them buy off on your test plans and strategy. Ensure there's good communication between the disciplines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, the item around UI automation will be painful if the test team write automation against the UI as-is, and mostly it works, and then in the next sprint the developers changed ids of elements which would break your automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you have a clear and open channel of communication and partnership with the development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11580" LastActivityDate="2015-04-04T03:26:56.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12567" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-04T05:22:00.613" Score="0" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to check a weather data is rendered in a page or not dynamically when page is loaded in html.Also wanted to know weather data that has appended dynamically is valid or not.Wanted to know how can i check its performance and also any tool that  help in performing this task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10763" LastActivityDate="2015-04-05T14:38:47.403" Title="How to do performance testing of dynamic website?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12556" CreationDate="2015-04-04T12:08:51.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does response body always contain &lt;code&gt;tt_perf1&lt;/code&gt; or it varies basing on CSV Data Set Config? If so, you need to put the variable into the assertion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assertions have their scope. It can be applied to individual sampler, sampler group or all samplers. If you expecting just one sampler to have this &quot;tt_perf1&quot; value - add assertion as a child of that sampler. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assertion field to check also matters. By default it applies to main sample only and looks up in text response. If your &quot;tt_perf1&quot; is in the URL - assertion will fail unless you configure it to look into URL field. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on JMeter assertions see &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in 3 Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt; guide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-04T12:08:51.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12569" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12745" CreationDate="2015-04-05T02:15:41.850" Score="1" ViewCount="949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anybody tried scripting json response assertions in CA LISA Tool.&#xA;All I could find was string match where I was giving &quot;key&quot;:&quot; value&quot; exactly to ensure the presence of that combination in my web service response. But sometimes, there might be multiple same &quot;key&quot;:&quot; values&quot; in my response and this may not be an ideal way to match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some help with scripted assertions where I can check something like &quot;key[1]&quot;:&quot; value&quot; matches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8306" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-19T16:38:17.887" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T17:37:11.360" Title="JSON Assertions in CA LISA" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12567" CreationDate="2015-04-05T07:04:10.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact any load testing tool has validations and assertions. If you're looking for free and open source solution the most promising tools as for now are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt;, it highlights main features of aforementioned load testing tools, contains sample demo script and results and ends with comparison matrix. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-05T07:04:10.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12567" CreationDate="2015-04-05T14:38:47.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question seems to imply that you need to check whether the page is correct during the performance test.  There is a price to be paid for checking correctness during a performance test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;these tools are optimized for performance testing rather than functional testing, and so you may have to go through more effort to check a page's correctness than you would in a functional test using something like JUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checking correctness will require your test machine(s) to work harder, so you may need to run the test on more machines in order to generate enough load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some other options to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make the performance test and the functional test separate tests.  Use a load-testing tool for the performance test, and something like JUnit for the functional test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the functional part by hand while the performance test is running.  This is what I normally do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-05T14:38:47.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-06T06:25:40.550" Score="1" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to mobile automation. I need to know the ways we can achieve triggering automation scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to trigger my testing scripts when mobile OS is upgraded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to trigger my testing scripts when my app is upgraded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11587" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-08T07:47:37.467" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T23:59:22.107" Title="Triggering Appium testing scripts in IOS/Android" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12574" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12576" CreationDate="2015-04-06T06:26:39.907" Score="7" ViewCount="4721" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working as QA/Tester for the last 4 years. I know there are a lot of different position titles in testing such as &lt;em&gt;QA&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Tester&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Quality analyst&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Test Manager&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Technical analyst&lt;/em&gt; and some others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have had experience with website testing, software testing and mobile app testing; I do manual as well as automation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, after 4 years of experience if I get a job in a new company what title/position I should tell them to write in my offer and appointment letter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I started my career I got position as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Tester&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and then I got &lt;strong&gt;&quot;QA&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; from the last 2 different companies one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So please help me to find and set suitable position/title for me in a new company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T02:55:11.867" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T17:35:35.217" Title="About QA title/Position" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12574" CreationDate="2015-04-06T09:54:53.723" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, there's a difference between QA and testing (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12527/what-is-the-difference-between-a-software-quality-analyst-and-a-software-tester/&quot;&gt;see the reply here&lt;/a&gt;). From what I can gather in your post, you seem to be testing, not assuring quality (but in practice, I reckon this terminology gets mixed up sometimes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, the job content is much more important than the title. For example, for new testers, they'd shouldn't mind having &quot;junior tester&quot; on their payslip in their second or third year, as long as they keep learning all kinds of things (writing test plans, first steps in automation, ...). Better so than a title which sounds better while one's not progressing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you're a tester, why not follow the ISTQB division of roles?&#xA;They're clear, simple and every test professional should understand what is meant by them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will you be performing test design and analysis reviews, next to test execution?&#xA;You're a &lt;strong&gt;test analyst&lt;/strong&gt; then. Sometimes you'll also read &lt;strong&gt;software tester&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;software test engineer&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will you be doing the above, but with automated tests? You're a &lt;strong&gt;technical test analyst&lt;/strong&gt;. If it'll be a balanced mix of both, why not say &lt;strong&gt;(technical) test analyst&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also be leading a small team (&lt;strong&gt;test coordinator, test lead&lt;/strong&gt;).&#xA;With 4 years of experience, &lt;strong&gt;test manager&lt;/strong&gt; is a position you're probably not hunting right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if you insist, you can have them add &lt;strong&gt;medior&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;senior&lt;/strong&gt;, although it's more something for your resume than for an official job title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T05:19:35.493" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12574" CreationDate="2015-04-06T17:27:06.827" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Internal to a company titles don't mean much titles can be easily inflated. I've met people that were Managers and Vice Presidents but they either managed no one, or just a few people. Banks are notorious for this. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External to a company titles can set certain expectations with respective customer segments. Titles can also help recruiters and potential employers screen you for appropriate jobs (without actually understanding the nature of what you do and how you did it). This is often where title inflation or title naming becomes important for an individual. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Junior, Senior, Lead and Distinguished titles. These titles might refer to your seniority, experience, position or respect within a company. I think larger companies tend to make these distinctions but this might be something you want to know for future placement. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't believe there is such a thing as Quality Assurance in software so I never use the term QA. Whenever I get the chance to set my title I always set it to Software Test Engineer or some variation of this. &lt;strong&gt;I think it helps set the right expectation&lt;/strong&gt; of what value I offer and what I can do. You may not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My suggestion&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make a title that you like, that you feel comfortable with people calling you or that you think helps people or stakeholders understand what you do. Also search around for what titles are commonly used in your industry and what future job you aspire to. Then work with your new company on something appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Assuming you're a tester, why not follow the ISTQB division of roles? They're clear, simple and understood by everyone (in the business of testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is simply not true.&lt;/strong&gt; I've met dozens, maybe even hundreds of people in the testing industry and very few follow the ISTQB division of roles. (In fact I can't think of any person or company that does this.) In fact the division of roles makes very little sense to me because it creates a division around work that I think every tester does (or should do) namely: analysis, review, test design, test execution and automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-04-06T17:27:06.827" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12577" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-06T20:24:11.857" Score="0" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is some advice in organizing automated testing so that they do not interfere with each other? For example eventually automated tests can get out of control if it is run on the same data. Obviously a new instance is required but does your automated test have an additional testing suite to set up preliminary data and then clean the instance after each test or set of tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T05:22:31.060" Title="How to prevent test conflicts when automating testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12577" CreationDate="2015-04-07T05:22:31.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check the replies on &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12218/controlling-database-state-in-selenium-ui-testing/12223#12223&quot;&gt;the question asked here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest way is to create database scripts which clean up and reset data whenever you're running a test suite. That way, you'll have the same starting point every time - so that excludes unexpected data as a reason your tests fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T05:22:31.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12495" CreationDate="2015-04-07T06:23:03.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ATU Graphical Reporter is an Open Source Reporting utility for TestNG. It is basically  a listener for generating customized graphical reports. Following reports can be generated by this listener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Line Charts &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bar Charts &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pie Charts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details from the report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An Index page -  A Start Page, you can set any Description in this page&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A Consolidated Report Page - Displays all the Runs in the form of Line and Bar Charts&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A Current Run Report Page - For each run, The Current Run page shows the number of Test cases executed in a tabular format along with the Iteration details, a Summary section and a Pie Chart&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A Test Case Report Page - This Page gives the information about a Test Case with detailed steps in a tabular format along with the screenshot, a Summary section, Execution Platform details, Author Details and provides information about Failure / Skipped / Parameters&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0QdNz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience: I have used this reporter in a Selenium WebDriver+TestNG project. It is easy to setup and creates a nice visually appealing report for &lt;strong&gt;each run&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information taken from: &lt;a href=&quot;http://automationtestingutilities.blogspot.in/2014/04/ATUReporterForTestNG.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://automationtestingutilities.blogspot.in/2014/04/ATUReporterForTestNG.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T06:23:03.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-07T06:28:37.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer to your question is dependent upon your familiarity of the programming language. You should use the language which you are more familiar with and feel comfortable using it. When you will be writing scripts, you will have to implement complex scenarios, which will require you to write complicated logic and once you are done with it, in the future you will have to customize or edit the script depending upon changes in the requirement of SUT. So if you are not comfortable with the language you choose you might end up in a pickle...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T06:28:37.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12541" CreationDate="2015-04-07T08:20:06.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should write on programming language which you know better and make sure that your colleagues familiar with Java or Python in case of your support. I guess your question has answer and you should start to write on Java. But you will not get any pain if you will try to learn Python because Python is easier to understand in my opinion.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T08:20:06.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12495" CreationDate="2015-04-07T08:28:44.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to use fine reporting tool such as Allure framework.  Here is an example of report:&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WZx9W.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Allure is based on standart xUnit results output but adds some supplementary data. Any report is generated in two steps. During test execution (first step) a small library called adapter attached to testing framework saves information about executed tests to XML files. We already provide adapters for popular Java, PHP, Ruby, Python, Scala and C# test frameworks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allure is provided by Yandex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://allure.qatools.ru/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://allure.qatools.ru/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2015-04-07T08:28:44.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12588" CreationDate="2015-04-07T17:02:31.987" Score="13" ViewCount="12174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading up on implicit and explicit waits and found the following two statements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Implicit wait is not considered a good practice because different browsers have different loading times and implicit wait will cause&#xA;  different results in different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried to find the blog where I read this, but couldn't find it. But, a similar view is expressed in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingdiaries.com/selenium-webdriver-wait/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next quote is from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-webdriver-waits-selenium-tutorial-15/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When compared to Explicit wait, Implicit wait is transparent and&#xA;  uncomplicated. The syntax and approach is simpler than explicit wait.&#xA;  Being easy and simple to apply, implicit wait introduces a few&#xA;  drawbacks as well. It gives rise to the test script execution time as&#xA;  each of the command would be ceased to wait for a stipulated amount of&#xA;  time before resuming the execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Is it a bad practice to use implicit wait? Should one use &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; explicit wait?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: From the Selenium Documentation, it is clear that one should not use both the waits together. I am asking only about implicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:42:13.420" LastActivityDate="2021-01-19T09:35:33.957" Title="Is it a bad practice to use implicit wait in Selenium Webdriver? Should one use only explicit wait?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-07T18:23:43.693" Score="1" ViewCount="14020" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to click the parent of an element if the text within the child matches a certain string. I am using &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; to find the text and &lt;code&gt;:xpath,&quot;../../&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to find the parent. &#xA;Here is ruby code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; test=@driver.find_element(:xpath,&quot;//*[contains(.,'602384710')]&quot;)&#xA;puts test&#xA; puts test.find_element(:xpath, &quot;../..&quot;).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML snippet of the element I want to target is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;tv-card-link&quot; href=&quot;/my-account/tv/overview?ban=7AhDHZ0ZYFVI1m8B2HmvrQ&amp;amp;tv_instance_id=_A5Xvou4fk-WsIWSnSkG2A&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;tv-card-wrapper&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;tv-card-icon&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;tv-card-details&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;tv-card-id&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        602384710&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the code, I want to click on the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; if I find the text &lt;code&gt;602384710&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;When I was testing, the &lt;code&gt;puts test&lt;/code&gt; prints out the address of Selenium WebElement so I know that works. However, selenium is unable to find the parent of the element. The error I get is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;../..&quot;} (Selenium::WebDriver::Error::NoSuchElementError)&#xA;[remote server] file:///C:/Users/X169804/AppData/Local/Temp/webdriver-profile20150407-7120-6gmcur/extensions/fxdriver@go&#xA;oglecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10271:in `FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_'&#xA;[remote server] file:///C:/Users/X169804/AppData/Local/Temp/webdriver-profile20150407-7120-6gmcur/extensions/fxdriver@go&#xA;oglecode.com/components/driver-component.js:603:in `fxdriver.Timer.prototype.setTimeout/&amp;lt;.notify'&#xA;./features/step_definitions/ss-login_step.rb:26:in `/^I click on plan number (\d+)$/'&#xA;features\ss-login.feature:16:in `Then I click on plan number 602384710'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I may be missing a simple thing. Any help appreciated :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11591" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T07:34:48.103" Title="Finding grandparent of an element using xpath in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12585" CreationDate="2015-04-07T18:41:11.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have two options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're using findElement relative to another WebElement, your XPath needs to start with a dot (the element as your starting point). See the accepted answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/10014/selenium-webdriver-findelement-in-scope-of-webelement-doesnt-work&quot;&gt;in this topic&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, the XPath &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; goes looking in child nodes too.&#xA;You could try to immediately target the link element like so:&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;&quot;//a[@class='tv-card-link' and contains(.,'602384710')]&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T17:27:19.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12589" CreationDate="2015-04-07T20:14:24.820" Score="0" ViewCount="2486" Body="&lt;p&gt;So when my test pass it will show the &quot;yeah&quot; word in the end, however when it fails , it will only show and exception &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; and the word &quot;Failed&quot; will not show up anywhere. its like else statement is not there. What should i do to make the word Failed show up when the test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class CreateAccount(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    def setUp(self):&#xA;        global driver&#xA;        driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;        driver.implicitly_wait(10)&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.copy.com&quot;)&#xA;        driver.maximize_window()&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    def test_main(self):&#xA;        createNewAccount = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&#xA;            &quot;/html/body/main/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/form/div[5]/div[1]/a&quot;)&#xA;        createNewAccount.click()&#xA;&#xA;        firstName = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dom_id_3']&quot;)&#xA;        lastName = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dom_id_4']&quot;)&#xA;        emailField = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dom_id_5']&quot;)&#xA;        passwordField = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dom_id_6']&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        submitButton = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&#xA;            &quot;/html/body/main/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/form/button&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        firstName.send_keys(&quot;mike&quot;)&#xA;        lastName.send_keys(&quot;mano&quot;)&#xA;        emailField.send_keys(&quot;koko1jjjjjk2h5k86@qa.test&quot;)&#xA;        passwordField.send_keys(&quot;test12&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        submitButton.click()&#xA;&#xA;        xpath = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&#xA;            &quot;/html/body/main/div/article[2]/div[4]/header/div[2]/div/div[4]/a&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        **if xpath.is_displayed():&#xA;            print(&quot;yeah&quot;)&#xA;        else:&#xA;            print(&quot;Failed&quot;)**&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    def tearDown(self):&#xA;        driver.quit()&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;if __name__ == &quot;__name__&quot;:&#xA;    unittest.main()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11603" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:48:12.350" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:48:12.350" Title="is_displayed with python and web driver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12583" CreationDate="2015-04-07T21:04:51.440" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: &lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt; it is a bad practise, unless you have a very very very good reason, do not use implicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/28067495/1088584&quot;&gt;This Stack Overflow answers&lt;/a&gt; really puts the difference in great detail. &lt;strong&gt;(read this!)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once had someone on my team who thought it was a good idea, until I started researching why all our tests had such a long starting time. Somewhere in our setup the implicit wait was increased to some seconds, causing every test start to be seconds slower and even longer to run. We checked the loading indicator was not there, leading to use the full implicit wait time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;if checking for absence of element must always wait until timeout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe in some situations its handy to add a couple of (milli)seconds for each search, incase you want to find similar elements and you know you have to wait a X period. Increase the implicit wait for some steps and then set it back to 0, never just increase it for the whole run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FluentWait&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think the syntax of the explicit wait is to verbose, have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/12248779/1088584&quot;&gt;this FluentWait example&lt;/a&gt;. Put this function somewhere and use it to find elements that you need to wait for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T09:23:30.840" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12587" CreationDate="2015-04-07T21:22:53.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your if statement feels like it's not even there because when your test encounters and exception and dies, that if statement effectively is not even there. The line of code that is dying is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&#xA;    &quot;/html/body/main/div/article[2]/div[4]/header/div[2]/div/div[4]/a&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your if statement never gets a chance to run. This makes sense because you have to find a thing before you can determine if it is displayed or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since your code is stopping on an exception, but you want it to continue, you'll need to handle that exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try:&#xA;    xpath = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;/html/body/main/div/article[2]/div[4]/header/div[2]/div/div[4]/a&quot;)&#xA;except NoSuchElementException, e:&#xA;    print(&quot;Failed&quot;)&#xA;    raise NoSuchElementException(e) #or any other exception you find more relevant&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="5767" LastEditDate="2015-04-08T17:43:08.047" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T17:43:08.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12573" CreationDate="2015-04-08T05:53:26.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should integrate your tests in to a continuous integration pipeline, and then you can automatically trigger the tests whenever there is a code change to your source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T05:53:26.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12591" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-08T06:37:00.320" Score="1" ViewCount="5904" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test following application as seen below in the price. I am confused about writing test scenario and test cases. Is there anyone who can help me how to write test scenario and test cases by giving few examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MjnI9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="11222" LastEditDate="2015-04-08T18:44:31.810" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T18:44:31.810" Title="How to write test scenario and test cases for one time password" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12591" CreationDate="2015-04-08T06:43:10.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;why are you confused ? &#xA;If you know how to use OTP and how does it work then prepare a list of use cases, if not then you should start by understanding the system you are testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T06:43:10.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12594" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12595" CreationDate="2015-04-08T07:37:33.233" Score="2" ViewCount="965" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently rolling out some quality principles and associated techniques in our development team. What proved essential in my last projects was the four-eyes-principle, i.e. that before each commit, the piece of code is presented to a peer that is being aware of the quality principles of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in this new team, the development is taking place distributed within different physical locations, so simply switching room and present code is not possible before checking in to version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The consequence would be that code goes into version control that might have flaws in it just for the purpose that the other peer can review it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're developing C# code within Visual Studio and use &lt;a href=&quot;https://subversion.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Subversion&lt;/a&gt; as version control system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea about methods or tools how to overcome that problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11572" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-09T12:24:35.113" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T12:24:35.113" Title="Four eyes principle in a distributed team" Tags="&lt;review&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12594" CreationDate="2015-04-08T08:01:03.117" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Branch the code before review and merge it into the main release branch after the review is accepted/completed. See this blogpost for more idea's: &lt;a href=&quot;http://share.ez.no/blogs/arne-bakkebo/branching-and-code-review-procedures-qa-4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://share.ez.no/blogs/arne-bakkebo/branching-and-code-review-procedures-qa-4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Subversion you can look into simulation shelve-sets and let the sets be reviewed before checked-in: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jason.famularo.org/simulating-tfs-shelvesets-in-subversion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jason.famularo.org/simulating-tfs-shelvesets-in-subversion&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better would be to upgrade Subversion to either TFS or Git and use either TFS reviews or Git branches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pre-commit reviews&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some tools support pre-commit reviews, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Atlassian Crucible: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/crucible/overview/code-review-pre-commit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.atlassian.com/software/crucible/overview/code-review-pre-commit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MS TFS: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.devart.com/review-assistant/docs/index.html?custom_checkin_policy.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.devart.com/review-assistant/docs/index.html?custom_checkin_policy.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-09T12:24:05.553" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T12:24:05.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12591" CreationDate="2015-04-08T08:59:33.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considering &quot;classic&quot; architecture where you have back-end, mobile operator which delivers SMSs with OTP and front-end (where user enters received OTP), you have several options to test this functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to simplify the testing procedure and make it more applicable for automated testing, I would exclude mobile operator part (as the one related to 3rd party supplier) from the testing by introducing the opportunity to somehow get generated OTP by tester directly (I would consult here with developers in order to see whether this potentially possible in your system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you'll be able to verify whether the OTP generated by back-end and entered on front-end will be accepted by back-end, without introducing mobile operator into scenario (assuming that this part is stable and corresponds to availability expectations) The simplified scenario looks in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You initiate OTP generation by back-end&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You get OTP from back-end directly (from the database, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You enter OTP on the front-end in order to verify whether it'll be accepted by back-end&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you have also consider corner-cases like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unavailability of mobile operator web-services/APIs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reuse of OTP by one/several users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting more than 1 OTP from single user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T08:59:33.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12714" CreationDate="2015-04-08T09:26:52.253" Score="4" ViewCount="1055" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am actually working on how to manage the execution of many jUnit classes calling the same database, the tests interact using Web-services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is possible, it would be a great help if you would show me the paths i need to explore (technical aspects) knowing that the reset of the database is not an option, neither is the creation of many user/database instances...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11609" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:18:20.087" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:18:20.087" Title="Handle conflicts in parallel execution of jUnit testruns using the same database" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12599" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-08T09:55:57.143" Score="3" ViewCount="1648" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate user interaction on a web application which is having embedded java applet in it. Based on what I've found on the internet I know there are specific testing frameworks like FEST-swing for Java or Abbot for C# which can be good to solve this problem. My question is: are there similar testing frameworks but which would be native for python? Or maybe it is possible to use FEST-swing with Jython?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will appreciate any kind of help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11610" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2015-04-09T19:59:12.013" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T21:28:45.907" Title="How to connect to Java Applet using Python" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-15T04:48:13.633" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12472" CreationDate="2015-04-08T12:58:17.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that peak load follows general &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pareto principle&lt;/a&gt;, at least basing on my experience during &quot;peak&quot; periods application served 80% of requests during 1-2 hours time frame and remaining 20% of requests were more or less equally distributed between remaining 20 hours in a day. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you need some &lt;strong&gt;explained formulae&lt;/strong&gt; take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19159-01/819-3680/6n5sqn12j/index.html#abfcc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Establishing Performance Goals&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19159-01/819-3680/6n5sqn135/index.html#abfct&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Estimating Peak Load&lt;/a&gt; articles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you looking for &lt;strong&gt;defining&lt;/strong&gt; average and peak load which your application is capable of, check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/last-minute-preparation-cyber-monday-load-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Last Minute Preparation for Cyber Monday. Load Testing - Here's what you can do in a day.&lt;/a&gt; guide. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T12:58:17.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12602" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-08T14:08:00.333" Score="4" ViewCount="259" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium in my Groovy application as a Maven dependency. Now I'm looking for a way to log the used Selenium Version to the console.&#xA;I tried this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  BuildInfo info = new BuildInfo();&#xA;  def infoString = info.toString();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;code&gt;infoString&lt;/code&gt; only contains:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried reading the version from the classpath of the project and though this works in a Java project in a groovy project the classpath no longer contains the used selenium version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a java project, the &lt;code&gt;infoString&lt;/code&gt; also contains the used version, revision etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be very much appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11612" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T12:12:41.003" LastActivityDate="2021-04-10T17:01:05.120" Title="Getting and logging the selenium version used in a groovy project" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12585" CreationDate="2015-04-08T15:30:54.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tested this XPath online. Please try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(.//div,602384710)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T15:30:54.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12585" CreationDate="2015-04-08T15:39:37.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a wild guess without any testing, but shouldn't it just be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find_element(:xpath,&quot;//*[contains(.,'602384710')]../..&quot;).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that when searching with the results of a find_element it cannot go back up the tree anymore, from then on it will only search within the already found results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-08T15:39:37.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12605" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12612" CreationDate="2015-04-08T23:05:12.477" Score="1" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some applications are resource intensive, example using location, accelerator, web services and running constantly in the background. Such apps tend to behave differently on test devices that are fairly &quot;un-polluted&quot;.&#xA;If we want to test the apps on a device that is most similar to most end-users' devices example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;having lots of other apps, that may be using a lot of similar resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with part or most of flash memory is used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;running other resource heavy apps that maybe also be running in the background (example: health and fitness apps, audio streaming apps etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a best way to simulate such a scenario on test devices in the lab?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11620" LastEditorUserId="11620" LastEditDate="2015-04-08T23:18:38.000" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T09:17:21.227" Title="Testing mobile apps on power users' device" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12606" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-09T02:24:47.313" Score="0" ViewCount="408" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Java with Selenium Webdriver. I am currently writing a script to verify a contact has been added to a contact list from a form. The workflow is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The menu of our application uses Angular js while the rest is a frame. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I click on the menu I need &quot;contacts&quot;, &#xA;I then switch to frame, to interact with the objects in the iframe, &#xA;I click on the list I would like to open, and within the frame, the page loads the the list of contacts. The issue I am having, once the list is loaded, the webdriver no longer can find the elements within the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;source code:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!--&#xA;&#xA;     HEADER &#xA;&#xA;    --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!--&#xA;&#xA;         CONTENT &#xA;&#xA;        --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; height=&quot;*&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;div id=&quot;listDetails&quot; style=&quot;width: 958px; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); height: 694px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;table width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; border=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;!--&#xA;&#xA;                         BEGIN HEADER &#xA;&#xA;                        --&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;tr style=&quot;background: url(../image/msn/table_heading.png) bottom left repeat-x&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;!--&#xA;&#xA;                             END HEADER &#xA;&#xA;                            --&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;!--&#xA;&#xA;                             BEGIN DATA ROWS &#xA;&#xA;                            --&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;rowEven&quot; onmouseout=&quot;style.backgroundColor=''&quot; onmouseover=&quot;style.backgroundColor='#FFFFCC'&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td nowrap=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; border-bottom: #DDDDDD dotted 1px; color: #666666; cursor:pointer; padding-right: 10px&quot; onclick=&quot;openContact ('l-sf-lead-1f26:0')&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    String tableHeader = &quot;//*[@id='listDetails']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement emailField = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement pwField =driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;pw&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement loginBtn = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginbutton&quot;));&#xA;    //assertTrue(&quot;checking site title&quot;, driver.getTitle().startsWith(&quot;Act-On :: Login&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    //Logging in -&amp;gt; to new ui.&#xA;    emailField.sendKeys(aoEmailtomcat8);&#xA;    pwField.sendKeys(password);&#xA;    loginBtn.click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    driver.navigate().to(newUI_URL);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;&#xA;    //Clicks on Contacts Menu&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(contactsMenu)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(marketignListMenu)).click();&#xA;    driver.switchTo().frame(&quot;content&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;&#xA;    //Clicks on List&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(defaultList)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(fistItemList)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;&#xA;    //Does not locate the element, FAILS!&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(tableHeader));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T15:36:51.903" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T15:36:51.903" Title="Finding Element on a webapplication built using frames" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12608" CreationDate="2015-04-09T06:40:19.937" Score="0" ViewCount="5027" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to validate the maximum character limit of the text field in webdriver/java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11080" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T09:12:10.090" Title="How to validate maximum character check in webdriver/java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12607" CreationDate="2015-04-09T07:29:20.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have some input fields, most likely you also have some limitations related to max. number of chars which user can enter there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say you have text input field which allows user to enter up to (and inclusive) 255 chars. In this case simplified test scenarios will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User enters any number of valid chars (the number of chars should be &amp;lt;255) -&gt; no error message should be shown next to input field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User enters 255 valid chards to input field -&gt; no error message should be shown next to input field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User enters any number of valid chars (the number of chars should be &gt;255) -&gt; appropriate error message should be shown next to input field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can pretty easilly implement those scenario using webdriver and java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For all 3 scenarios you have to implement additional method which will generate random string of specific lenght. You can find &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/1802944/1254211&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; some examples of such methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T09:12:10.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12609" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-09T08:46:12.270" Score="0" ViewCount="1751" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am asking about what skills should a test engineer with one year test experience have?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-09T09:07:01.630" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T21:59:00.530" Title="Which skills are required for a tester with only one year of experience" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-04-09T22:16:15.440" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12609" CreationDate="2015-04-09T08:53:22.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to me 1 year experienced tester should have following skills :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Create test case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Create test scenario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Able to understand requirements easily&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Should be capable to use any good bug tracking system [Depends on company &#xA;where tester works]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Analysis skill improvement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - Bug life cycle understanding&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 - Software life cycle understanding&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8 - Theory knowledge of all basic testing concepts and models&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above list is according to me. Each and every company has diff. requirements and diff. expectation when they hire tester so May be there can be like above or diff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T08:53:22.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12606" CreationDate="2015-04-09T08:55:21.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please post your frame html code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure your driver is switching to frame successfully. Is &lt;strong&gt;Content&lt;/strong&gt; your frame name? You can switch to frame using three different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&amp;lt;frame name&amp;gt;);&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(&amp;lt;frame index&amp;gt;); // Zero- based index&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(&amp;lt;frame element&amp;gt;); // use driver.findElement method to find the frame first and pass as a parameter&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As @Helping Hands said never use &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep&lt;/code&gt;, use &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; to wait until page or element loads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11599" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-04-09T10:47:50.013" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T10:47:50.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12605" CreationDate="2015-04-09T09:17:21.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no magic here, you will have to install and run those apps.&#xA;Consider using dogfood devices by your team, considering the low prices of mobile devices this shouldn't be too expensive even for a big team.&#xA;Bug bashing is also a good way to exercise devices.&#xA;The downside is that you loose some control over testing, but you can gain some of it back by giving your team some hints about what do you want to achieve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T09:17:21.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12609" CreationDate="2015-04-09T12:42:04.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Doesn't matter for how many years a person works as a software tester. He/she must be, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Critical thinker&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keen observer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good at bug advocacy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ever learning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to adapt, improvise and overcome hurdles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to extract domain knowledge from team, and other resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the list may go on and on depending on how many people add to it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T12:42:04.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12615" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-09T15:58:38.463" Score="0" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please help me to automate the below  scenario through selenium webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Application values are stored in the web table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;STID STNAME AGE&#xA;1    Sachin  24&#xA;2    Kumar   25&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and similarly in Database also my data stored in the student table as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;STID STNAME AGE&#xA;1    Sachin  24&#xA;2    Kumar   25&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to compare the data from the application and database data whether data are matching or not.&#xA;Could you please provide the code for this.&#xA;Regards&#xA;Sachin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11600" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T15:58:38.463" Title="Please help me to automate the application through selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-04-10T02:56:44.347" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12609" CreationDate="2015-04-09T17:50:54.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to me, these skills are important:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Flexibility: Tester should be flexible enough to take up any task. Example, one should be able to work on manual, automation and other types of testing (mixed roles).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Knowledge (1-2 years): In terms of knowledge, other answers have covered most of the aspects (SDLC, STLC, QA Processes, Defect life cycle, Analytical Skills, Test Cases and Test Scenario, Quality Center).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Good Communication Skills: This is a plus point if the role requires interacting with the client.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Team player &amp;amp; learning attitude: Self-explanatory. One should continuously develop their skills.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Domain Knowledge (1 year old?): 1 year is good enough to get some basic domain knowledge (HR, Banking, Insurance. etc)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Certifications - Again this is just a plus point (probably Istqb). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T17:50:54.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12619" CreationDate="2015-04-09T18:04:09.373" Score="6" ViewCount="6960" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could anyone please give some important differences between KANBAN and SCRUM with respect to testing? &#xA;Any examples are most welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-09T21:33:25.790" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T03:13:32.127" Title="Differences between KANBAN and SCRUM with respect to testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;&lt;kanban&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-09T18:46:16.327" Score="1" ViewCount="2095" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm about to script performance tests for a system with REST interface. I'm looking for a performance tool that let me prepare XHR requests dynamically, i.e. simulate what JavaScript application does. For instance, to request a CSRF token from one REST endpoint and include it in a header of a subsequent HTTP request. The tool should also handle cookie-management just like any Web browser does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional nice-to-have requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the tool should allow scripting tests in Java, as most of the team is skilled in Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have considered multiple tool but each of them has some drawbacks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt;, apart from nice GUI, provides also an API but it seems quite rusty and cumbersome to use. Also, I'm not sure if I can define requests dynamically, based on the results of previous request. Does it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt; is Java framework, but test cases must be scripted in Jython. This requires the team to learn Python and also introduces some incompatibility problems: I had hard time to reuse some existing Python libraries. On the other side, I needed to pay some more attention when casting Java objects into Python. Why, the hack, guys couldn't make Java framework with Java test cases?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt; has quite intuitive DSL for defining requests programmatically (almost like REST-Assured), but is in Scala. That's a cool language but again we're not proficient in it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I wanted to reuse framework for functional REST tests, &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/rest-assured/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;REST-Assured&lt;/a&gt;, but I've read, it introduces much overhead to the performance tests + I would need to add support for reporting myself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other alternative I missed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-04-09T20:18:25.293" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T21:26:44.600" Title="Performance tool for scripting HTTP requests dynamically" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12617" CreationDate="2015-04-09T21:32:50.150" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;With respect to testing they are the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanban&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Kanban&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Scrum&lt;/a&gt; are both iterative &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile&lt;/a&gt; development models, the goal is to get the most important tasks fully done (including testing) as soon as possible. The product should be potentially shippable at the end of the iteration. The difference is with Scrum the end is a set date, with Kanban it could be anytime the features that need releasing are done. In Scrum you plan a fixed period of time and with Kanban you plan just in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As there is no testing phase after a Scrum or Kanban iteration, the testing must be completed during the iteration, preferably during the story/task scope. It is therefore very important to automate all possible test work, because during the next iterations there won't be time to do a full manual regression (unless you scale-up your test efforts over-time accordingly). Often teams use &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_programming#Practices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XP practices&lt;/a&gt; to asure continuous quality. In order to find automation candidates apply time boxed manual &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/articles/et-article.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt; methods. The automation is there to ensure old features keep working and the team can keep delivering new features in a sustainable pace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggested books to reads are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/hklean/lean-from-the-trenches&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lean from the trenches&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/minibooks/kanban-scrum-minibook&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Kanban and Scrum, making the best of both (free e-book)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="8767" LastEditDate="2015-04-13T08:20:04.543" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T08:20:04.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12609" CreationDate="2015-04-09T21:59:00.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is very subjective and depending on the job and product, but there are some essential skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Basic development skills&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Understanding the life of a developer is import to be able to connect to them and really assist them. Secondly automation of tests is becoming ever more important in a world with a focus on continuous delivery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quick learner&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From new tools, applications, techniques and of-course domain knowledge. You need to be able to truly understand requirements and adapt quickly to the changing world around you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Loose the ego&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers have no value for ego, be able to clearly communicate with developers, clients, managers. You are here to assist them in improving quality from requirements until delivery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have these three you will probably have a great career as a Software Test Engineering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-09T21:59:00.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12617" CreationDate="2015-04-10T01:47:16.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kanban is not a software development methodology. It does not prescribe any method of development or testing.  You use Kanban for visualizing - and improving - what you are already doing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you are currently a Scrum team, and have specific testing/ test automation practices, you can continue to use the same with Kanban as well.  If you are using other methods, including iterative or waterfall, you can use the test processes that you use there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, what @Niels has said makes perfect sense.  We ourselves are a product development shop and use Kanban to build a Kanban product.  When a developer picks a user story, they not only write the code for that, they also write the test case(s) to test them and automate them at the same time. Like @Niels said, we usually make a release when we have 20 items in our Done column!  Usually, that works out to about 3 weeks cadence - which works perfectly for our SaaS customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes Kanban interesting is this aspect of it - that you could be continuously developing, integrating, testing and releasing at a cadence that you feel comfortable with - and so the whole concept of Continuous Delivery becomes much more 'natural' with Kanban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you haven't read it yet, I'd highly recommend reading David Anderson's book that is generally considered the Bible of Kanban - &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0984521402&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Kanban: Successful Evolutionary Change for Your Technology Business&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. If you are interested in using Scrum &lt;em&gt;with&lt;/em&gt; Kanban, you should read &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lulu.com/shop/corey-ladas/scrumban-essays-on-kanban-systems-for-lean-software-development/paperback/product-4098141.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Scrumban - Essays on Kanban Systems for Lean Software Development&lt;/a&gt;&quot; by Corey Ladas. Finally, you may also find this blog post interesting - &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.digite.com/the-nextgen-agile-tester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The NextGen (Agile) Tester&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11638" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-10T06:56:29.457" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T06:56:29.457" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12626" CreationDate="2015-04-10T03:43:05.517" Score="8" ViewCount="6314" Body="&lt;p&gt;After reading so many answers and forums it makes me confused. Some people say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium webdriver is a browser automation tool and it has nothing to do with the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some other showing JARs and code that how we can connect selenium to the database and we can test database using selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would really like to know if we can do database testing using selenium? If yes then which databases tool it supports like Mysql, SQL server, Oracle...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if selenium is not suitable for database testing then please recommend to me the best tool for database testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T22:12:08.653" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T22:12:08.653" Title="Is selenium webdriver capable of database testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12623" CreationDate="2015-04-10T07:06:57.820" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium Webdriver is a web test automation framework and primarily used for functional testing of front-end part of the application (that piece, that the user sees in his/her browser).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this framework is open source and can be relatively easily extended, someone could have already implemented some additional libraries for interacting with the database. But as I've already said, this is not the primary goal of framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming you don't need to test your database in a very special way so that I would advise you to take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt;, which is also web testing automation framework with great community and short learning curve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With help of Robot Framework, you can easily combine both &quot;front-end&quot; testing with database testing, since it already has available database libraries, which extend its' functionality and don't require you to write much code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The very good thing about Robot Framework is that you can to either use existing libraries or write your own in order to extend the framework's functionality in the way you need. Moreover you can do it with Java or Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the examples of Robot Framework database libraries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ThomasJaspers/robotframework-dblibrary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/ThomasJaspers/robotframework-dblibrary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://franz-see.github.io/Robotframework-Database-Library/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://franz-see.github.io/Robotframework-Database-Library/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:09:45.613" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:09:45.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12625" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-10T09:42:53.433" Score="1" ViewCount="15789" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an xpath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id='00QE000000gQ9fv_ACTION_COLUMN']/a[2]/span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this xpath &lt;em&gt;00QE000000gQ9fv&lt;/em&gt; is dynamic and &lt;em&gt;_ACTION_COLUMN&lt;/em&gt; remains the same.&#xA;I stored &lt;em&gt;00QE000000gQ9fv&lt;/em&gt; in a String variable as recordId i.e:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String recordId = 00QE000000gQ9fv &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want an xpath that contains recordId variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11643" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-10T13:33:59.990" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T14:30:13.493" Title="How to write xpath with variable?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12623" CreationDate="2015-04-10T09:59:36.567" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium itself is only a framework to drive web-browsers, but you can combine it with some code to check and or manipulate the database the application under test uses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use Selenium with a programming language then you can use the same language in combination with a database library to access and change the database. Supported databases depend on if a library is available for the used programming language, but most databases are supported by most languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often you use a unit-testing framework to drive tests, the unit-test frameworks are used to Arrange (setup) a state, do an Action (with or without Selenium) and Assert the test outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two things you might want to test to verify database content with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After an action trigger in the web-application check the database state is correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With a certain data-set the web-application displays the data correctly in its interface&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to test a database without a web-application on top then this is not the framework you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:09:24.453" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:09:24.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12623" CreationDate="2015-04-10T10:57:47.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver itself cannot be used to test databases, but the language you are using to code your WebDriver tests (eg. C# or Java, etc.) can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8217" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T10:57:47.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12970" CreationDate="2015-04-10T11:04:28.003" Score="2" ViewCount="983" Body="&lt;p&gt;When running tests with the NUnit GUI application, is it possible to change the location of where NUnit creates the TestResult.xml file after the test has completed? It is usually created in the same folder as the solution or dll file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it can be changed when using the command line nunit-console.exe but I haven't been able to find an option to change it on the GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8217" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T11:17:30.633" Title="Is it possible to change the location of NUnits TestResult.xml" Tags="&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12625" CreationDate="2015-04-10T11:13:57.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create a string variable and use it (for example) as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string strMyXPath = &quot;//*[@id='&quot; + recordId + &quot;_ACTION_COLUMN']/a[2]/span&quot;;&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(strMyXPath)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8217" LastEditorUserId="8217" LastEditDate="2015-04-10T14:30:13.493" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T14:30:13.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12630" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-10T11:15:26.713" Score="13" ViewCount="36460" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to testing. I would like to know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is component testing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do I write component test cases?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please explain with examples if possible to make it more helpful for me to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11645" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T06:17:59.473" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T02:34:17.323" Title="What is component testing and how to write component test cases?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12630" CreationDate="2015-04-10T11:39:38.377" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Component testing is testing of specific module or program.It may be done in isolation from rest of the system depending on the life cycle model selected for that particular application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stub and driver are used for competent testing. These both are consider as component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best example is given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose you are testing one application which have 3 modules called X ,Y and Z.&#xA;and think that each module is depends on above like Y is depends on X  , Z is depends on Y. Now if developer developed Y module and as a tester if you want to test it then you need to use stub &amp;amp; driver as module X and Z. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on above example it will be easy to write test case for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T11:39:38.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12633" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12789" CreationDate="2015-04-10T12:33:20.650" Score="2" ViewCount="11249" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a SOAPUI Project file with number of test suits. I have wrote a maven project to run that project file.&#xA;I am running that maven project (pom.xml) through jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see in the pom.xml have enabled Junit Reporting and Print Report configurations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can get a simple test result/report like below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6LyJH.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UpEye.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sH3Kq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is whether there is a plugin,tool or any other method to get a more visual, detailed test result report.preferably a html type report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My pom.xml file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;project xmlns=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0&quot;&#xA;     xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&#xA;     xsi:schemaLocation=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;modelVersion&amp;gt;4.0.0&amp;lt;/modelVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;soapTest&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;soapTest&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;packaging&amp;gt;jar&amp;lt;/packaging&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.0-SNAPSHOT&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Maven 2 SoapUI Sample&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;url&amp;gt;http://maven.apache.org&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;pluginRepositories&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pluginRepository&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;SmartBearPluginRepository&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;url&amp;gt;http://www.soapui.org/repository/maven2/&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/pluginRepository&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pluginRepository&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;eviwarePluginRepository&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;url&amp;gt;http://www.eviware.com/repository/maven2/&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/pluginRepository&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/pluginRepositories&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.smartbear.soapui&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;soapui-maven-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;5.1.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;projectFile&amp;gt;soapui-project.xml&amp;lt;/projectFile&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;outputFolder&amp;gt;${project.build.directory}/reports&amp;lt;/outputFolder&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;junitReport&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/junitReport&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;exportAll&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/exportAll&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;printReport&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/printReport&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;testSuite&amp;gt;Authenticate&amp;lt;/testSuite&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;phase&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/phase&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11646" LastEditorUserId="11646" LastEditDate="2015-04-10T12:46:55.537" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T04:46:04.613" Title="generating html report from soapui test results when running from maven &amp; jenkins" Tags="&lt;junit&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12630" CreationDate="2015-04-10T13:32:29.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing of separate software component is known as component testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Component testing means testing of single part of software/Website. This can be program module , single function etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you have website which has 2 page registration process. Now assume that 2nd page data is depend on 1st page data , and if developed has done code for only 1st page then tester can test only 1st page so this is called one component testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9461" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T13:32:29.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12618" CreationDate="2015-04-10T13:41:21.927" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was looking too for a nice JAVA library for such REST testing.&#xA;But finally, I discover &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/request/request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;requestjs&lt;/a&gt; working with nodejs.&#xA;It's really easy to use. For instance,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;request(&quot;http://your.url&quot;, {qs: param1: value1})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11647" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T13:41:21.927" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12618" CreationDate="2015-04-10T16:02:14.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter, Grinder and Gatling all do what you want to do out of the box.  If you get into the documentation, or find walk-throughs online, you can find examples for all of them.  The common term in most performance tools to pull a value from one request and store it as a variable for future requests is extraction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter is pretty extensible, and is what my team is using with a bunch of custom extensions we have added to add a few features that are missing out of the box that other tools such as Load Runner or Visual Studio Load Test have out of the box.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would caution against doing TOO much logic to recreate what the javascript on a page does.  Simple things like extracting a CSRF token and using it in a subsequent request is pretty standard, but if your javascript is for example creating a complex JSON object and sending it as the body of a post or a put, you probably don't want to use the performance tool to dynamically do that.  Writing code that does that can cause your performance tests to slow down and require a lot more users in order to simulate the load that you need to be able to generate, then you would need to find a bunch of additional hardware or virtual machines to use as clients to generate your load.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A better approach would be to have a setup phase that creates a bunch of request bodies ahead of time, or even have a set of hard coded request bodies that you can use, then when the test is running it just pulls from those pre-created bodies.  This allows you to scale your tests much more easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T16:02:14.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12618" CreationDate="2015-04-10T17:15:42.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend you to try coding to generate custom requests. This would help automate functional tests, as well do some decent perf tests. I was able to generate upto 50 req/ sec&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager, CloseableHttpClient and ThreadPoolExecutor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sample example code - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/aksivaram2k2/DemoRest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/aksivaram2k2/DemoRest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is example code, you can customize as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-04-10T17:15:42.510" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12602" CreationDate="2015-04-11T09:09:13.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure on how to get the Selenium version through code. I dont think there are any methods to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, the version is clearly mentioned in the CHANGELOG file that comes along with your Selenium installation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read the version from this file. Below is the content of the log file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;v2.43.0&#xA;  ======= WebDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Updating Native events to support Firefox 24, 31 and 32   * Add&#xA;  note on stale element checks and a WebElement.................&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastActivityDate="2015-04-11T09:09:13.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12618" CreationDate="2015-04-11T10:31:23.500" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter is a good choice. Kindly find answers on your queries below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, I'm not sure if I can define requests dynamically, based on the results of previous request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can. Particularly for REST web services I would recommend installing &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ExtrasWithLibsSet/&quot;&gt;Extras with Libs Set&lt;/a&gt; of JMeter Plugins project which provides &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JSONPathExtractor/&quot;&gt;JSON Path Extractor&lt;/a&gt; so you will be able to work with response&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to request a CSRF token from one REST endpoint and include it in a header of a subsequent HTTP request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Absolutely the same approach, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-csrf-protected-web-sites&quot;&gt;How to Load Test CSRF-Protected Web Sites&lt;/a&gt; guide for more information and real-life examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The tool should also handle cookie-management just like any Web browser does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is, just add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your test plan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter also includes &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_Sampler&quot;&gt;JSR223 Sampler&lt;/a&gt; with full access to JMeter and underlying Java APIs so if you need to write custom code in your test you can put it there.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-11T10:31:23.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12641" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-11T13:51:09.470" Score="1" ViewCount="301" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as testers are concerned, apart from testing the application thoroughly and finding good bugs, what other factors are there/ or what other things the testers can do which can prove their worth within the scope of a project. This can be junior or senior testers both including the test lead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2015-04-11T15:22:44.363" Title="Apart from testing and finding good bugs what other things the testers can do?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12641" CreationDate="2015-04-11T15:16:56.047" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some ideas (not exhaustive, as is never the case with testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On a higher level, contribute to establishing a test strategy, master test plans, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Static reviews of analysis documents and requirements&lt;/strong&gt;! This implies finding defects before they're even developed. Testing at its most valuable. You're really challenging the analysts' work in a healthy way. Every clarification to the requirements is (hopefully) one defect less to log when testing the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similar to the previous point: &lt;strong&gt;peer reviews&lt;/strong&gt; within the testing team. Test plans, test scenarios and test cases, automated test scripts... It doesn't harm to have those checked by another tester, so the quality of the testing itself remains at a high level.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Become an application (and/or domain) &lt;strong&gt;expert&lt;/strong&gt;. Testers, once they've spent a some time on a project, have seen many modules and features pass by (and went through them in depth). This means, more than anyone, they have a very broad and deep understanding of many features - usually even more than end users (who do not know every little business rule in the requirements). And testers are the first ones with hands-on experience. This application/domain knowledge can be of great value, most likely to trainers and end users (especially in smaller organizations, in my experience), and in the end even analysts (who usually work in their own key areas).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Organize &lt;strong&gt;acceptance tests&lt;/strong&gt; and guide business people through them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduce test automation and test management &lt;strong&gt;tools&lt;/strong&gt;, if needed. Writing custom tools (this can be as simple as a browser plugin to create test data) is always handy. Provide often needed SQL queries/scripts so less technical testers can consult or modify the database too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suggest or implement &lt;strong&gt;improvements&lt;/strong&gt; to the overall (testing) process. This also includes carrying any &quot;lessons learned&quot; over to future projects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cleaning up of legacy or outdated &lt;strong&gt;test documentation&lt;/strong&gt;. Create decent test documentation if it doesn't exist (and more: for example, a tips &amp;amp; tricks manual for new testers on the team).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2015-04-11T15:22:44.363" LastActivityDate="2015-04-11T15:22:44.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11508" CreationDate="2015-04-12T15:54:41.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;code&gt;className&lt;/code&gt; selector isn't working, because those are two different class names - you can't use both at once. Try either of these selectors to see if they find the X correctly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;fancybox-item&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;fancybox-close&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But remember to double-check that there aren't any other elements on the screen with the same class, otherwise the selector won't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2015-04-12T15:54:41.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12375" CreationDate="2015-04-12T19:55:36.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The blog post is about determining whether Instant Pages renders web pages correctly.  Or to be more precise, it is about &lt;strong&gt;determining whether Instant Pages renders a web page the same way that Chrome would ordinarily render a page&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Chrome renders the page the same way in both cases, but renders the page the wrong way, their test will not detect the problem.  This is a pretty typical strategy for tests in which the requirements are fuzzy and/or there are too many test cases to test exhaustively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The gist of the method described in the blog post is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We automatically scan each page, pixel by pixel, but look at what element is visible at the point on the page, not the color/RGB values. We then do a simple measure of how closely these pixel measurements match. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can map a pixel to an element because they know the spacial extent of every element, and they know about every element because Chrome has that information in the DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it is always possible that the two instances of the page will have structural differences.  Less of that will happen if you sample those pages at around the same time, e.g. if you run the tests in parallel.  Of course, you may still find cases where the page structures differ.  The blog post describes how they deal with that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where the pages where different we built a web page that showed the&#xA;  differences between the two pages by rendering both images and&#xA;  highlighting the difference. It was quick and easy for the developers&#xA;  to visually verify that the differences were only due to content or&#xA;  other non-structural differences in the rendering. Anytime test&#xA;  automation scales, is repeatable, quantified, and developers can&#xA;  validate the results without us is a good thing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software testing always requires coping with change.  The job is easier if you can find automatic ways to distinguish between the changed parts and the static parts.  The mechanism described in the blog post does that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the OP asked whether you could use this technique to test web applications.  You could imagine capturing a web applications requirements as pair of DOMs, where each pair consists of a DOM before and after performing an action.  I personally think &lt;strong&gt;this would be a terrible way to test a web application because you would spend an inordinate amount of time maintaining your test cases&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-12T19:55:36.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12451" CreationDate="2015-04-13T04:35:45.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium standalone jar and testNg jars are missing . So just keep these jars in you Lib folder and this will resolve your problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since in build.xml you have provided jar location to lib folder. So please keep all your jar files in lib folder and this will start working without showing any error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good Luck &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11663" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T04:35:45.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-13T08:40:41.610" Score="2" ViewCount="6621" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to run concurrency test on website. I need to check various parameters such as response time, request send to site, data received, and whether the data is received correctly (e.g. if multiple users log into the site, are the data displayed for user). The data of one user should not be displayed to any other user. How do I do automation for such a scenario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have checked JMeter and Blaze meter but done with concurrency testing it has multiple user, request, response time, not no way to check concurrency.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, suppose user &quot;A&quot; logs into the website but after logging into site he see details of person &quot;B&quot; so is there anyway to check  this scenario? I am using all open source tools for testing, such as selenium,jmeter, java etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-03T00:47:11.753" LastActivityDate="2015-05-03T00:47:11.753" Title="How to test multiple user concurrency for a website?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12630" CreationDate="2015-04-13T09:34:31.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component testing&lt;/strong&gt; is a method where testing of each component in an application is done separately.  Suppose, in an application there are 5 components. Testing of each 5 components separately and efficiently is called as component testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Let’s take an example&lt;/strong&gt; to understand it in a better way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose there is an application consisting of three modules say, module A, module B and module C. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developer has developed the module B and now wanted to test it. But in order to test the module B completely few of it’s functionalities are dependent on module A and few on module C. But the module A and module C has not been developed yet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case to test the module B completely we can replace the module A and module C by stub and drivers as required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ref&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-component-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;component-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11635" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T09:34:31.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12653" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-13T09:41:18.007" Score="0" ViewCount="839" Body="&lt;p&gt;having code like this, with WebElement inside of class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;    public void testTable() {&#xA;       WebElement simpleTable = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;items&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    simpleTable.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how can i access webelements from other class to use it insine other class ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;        public void testTable2() {&#xA;&#xA;         //-?????--&#xA;        simpleTable.click();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11668" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T10:09:28.823" Title="Access WebElement in selenium testng" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-20T20:17:47.353" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12649" CreationDate="2015-04-13T10:01:01.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is a little bit general, that's why I'll also give you a general answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Concurrency&lt;/em&gt; can be measured in different ways. Let's assume you have a web-site where the users can execute some actions by interacting with some elements on the web-pages. Here if we're talking about &lt;em&gt;concurrency&lt;/em&gt;, we are meaning concurrent (simultaneous) users interacting with web-pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this situation your would have to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define most popular usage scenarios of the web-site by users (Google Analytics or other web-analytics platform can help here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record with help of tool (like Jmeter proxy) those scenarios and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ParameterizedController/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;parametrize&lt;/a&gt; them in order to make as realistic as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define baseline numbers of your performance test:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many users are &quot;normal&quot; for your web-site? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many users are &quot;normal&quot;+20% for your site?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many users are &quot;normal&quot;+50% for your site?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all of that you'll be able to creat your load/concurrency model where will be defined how many user simultaneously interact with your application, and with what level of load (+20% from normal, +50% from normal, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the tool implementation of such model will of course vary. But the most important things is to build a realistic load model in order to simulate user actions/interactions with web-site as close as possible to reality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T10:01:01.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12653" CreationDate="2015-04-13T10:09:28.823" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way is to separate out the details of the &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; and methods to do with clicking on it, into separate classes - keeping a separation between the code which directly interacts with the UI and the code which does the testing logic. This is a design pattern called the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/a&gt;, and your code will end up looking a bit like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.mycompany.myaut.pages&#xA;public class HomePage {&#xA;    public void activateTable() {&#xA;        WebElement simpleTable = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;items&quot;));&#xA;        simpleTable.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void reorderTable() {&#xA;        WebElement simpleTableColumnOne = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;column1&quot;));&#xA;        simpleTableColumnOne.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;package com.mycompany.myaut.testcases&#xA;public class homePageTests {&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void viewingTheSimpleTable {&#xA;        homePage HomePage = new HomePage();&#xA;        homePage.activateTable();&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void reorderTheSimpleTable {&#xA;        homePage HomePage = new HomePage();&#xA;        homePage.activateTable();&#xA;        homePage.reorderTable();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the page objects deal with exactly how you interact with the web elements on the page, and expose those actions with public methods. Each test case can call those methods to perform the actions they need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS If you're using Eclipse, you don't need to just rewrite your code to get it arranged this way; instead, you can use the Refactor tools to make it easier and safer, step by step, extracting your test code out into new classes and methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2015-04-13T10:09:28.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12660" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-14T07:32:29.273" Score="4" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unable to record in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MonkeyTalk&lt;/a&gt;, the record button stays disabled&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I took the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created a sample android project in eclipse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created libs folder in the android project and copied monkey talk agent into the libs folder(monkeytalk-agent-2.1.10.jar)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on project and configured to Configure -&gt; Convert to AspectJ Project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on project and select AspectJ Tools -&gt; Add to AspectJpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Opened the AndroidManifest.xml and copied the below two lines in that XML file to give permission&#xA;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on the android project and navigated to project properties-&gt; Java Build Path-&gt; Order and Export tab -&gt; checked AspectJ Runtime Library.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on project -&gt;Run -&gt;Android application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After that, I created a sample project in MonkeyTalkIDEProfessional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And then I created a sample test script in the project(Right-click on project and navigated to New -&gt; Script).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clicked on android connection icon and selected the option(Android Emulator) option. In this case, the record button of MonkeyTalkIDEProfessional is disabled.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I get the record button enabled?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6798" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T05:33:42.243" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T05:33:42.243" Title="Using MonkeyTalk to test android app, the record button stays disabled" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;monkeytalk&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12661" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-14T07:37:37.987" Score="1" ViewCount="1360" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to target &lt;strong&gt;email text field&lt;/strong&gt; inside form which resides in iframe .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;iframecontainer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;iframe&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;headerText resultHeader&quot;&amp;gt;Result:&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;iframewrapper&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;iframeResult&quot; class=&quot;result_output&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;view&quot; xsrc=&quot;tryhtml_input_readonly.htm&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;form action=&quot;demo_form.asp&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         **Email**: &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;email&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;        Country: &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;country&quot; value=&quot;Norway&quot; readonly&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; value=&quot;Submit&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;footerText&quot;&amp;gt;Try it Yourself - &amp;amp;copy; &amp;lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com&quot;&amp;gt;w3schools.com&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;      &#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please help me to do it with Watir-webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11522" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T18:13:56.760" Title="How can find iframe which is DIV &gt; Iframe &gt; form &gt; text field with watir-webdriver" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2015-04-23T23:36:33.507" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12662" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-04-14T09:44:10.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;PHP is a popular general-purpose scripting language for web development.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://php.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Details.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11594" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T09:54:45.240" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T09:54:45.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12663" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-04-14T09:44:10.047" Score="0" Body="PHP is a widely used server based scripting language. To learn more please visit http://php.net/" OwnerUserId="11594" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T10:47:50.087" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T10:47:50.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2015-04-14T11:17:49.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The severity is to know the impact of the issue on the health of the software whereas the priority is to order it for fixing. &#xA;The crashes are always logged at highest severity . However if its in the main flow of the application, its priority will also be high whereas if the crash encounters in a very rare scenario , the priority is set low , generally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11678" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T11:17:49.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12649" CreationDate="2015-04-14T11:23:02.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter Provides different &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#assertions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Assertion&lt;/a&gt; types so you can easily apply an assertion to your request to check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response body/headers/message/code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request duration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response size&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in 3 Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt; guide for detailed information on each assertion provided. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check concurrency i.e. via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ActiveThreadsOverTime/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Active Threads Over Time Listener&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/HitsPerSecond/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Server Hits per Second&lt;/a&gt; graph or both. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T11:23:02.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12668" CreationDate="2015-04-14T11:45:44.427" Score="8" ViewCount="1133" Body="&lt;p&gt;The QA manager in our organization is demanding that our dev team, which I am the manager of, do the smoke testing after we set up the testing environment and before the QA team begins testing, i.e. he wants us to sign off on the environment and to say that it is stable enough for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I was wondering if this is a common practice in many organizations. If not, what are the more common practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11679" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:18:12.090" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:18:12.090" Title="Smoke testing by Dev team" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12666" CreationDate="2015-04-14T11:57:12.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds reasonable that you deliver an environment which at-least starts. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_testing_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Smoke tests&lt;/a&gt; often just consist of a check that the application starts and some basic functions work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think its a best practise is to setup a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; environment which:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Builds the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Runs the unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Runs some integration-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Runs some GUI tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploys to testing environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After step five the QA-team can start working on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get their help to setup the integration and GUI tests that they need for it to be able to start testing on it. I would let the QA-team define the Smoke test and let the Dev team automate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-14T12:09:14.123" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T12:09:14.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12666" CreationDate="2015-04-14T13:26:57.660" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot speak for the industry in general, but at places I have worked, &lt;strong&gt;developer-initiated smoke-testing is a common practice if builds delivered to QA tend to be unreliable&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a job as a test lead on a team that required developers to smoke-test the builds.  At first it was a painful process, taking up most of a developer's time for an entire morning.  &lt;strong&gt;Eventually we automated the deployment and wrote some automated smoke tests&lt;/strong&gt;.  That freed up some developer time while giving the QA team an indication of whether testing the latest build was a good use of their time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;developers do the smoke tests&quot; policy &lt;strong&gt;forced developers to pay more attention to the quality of the code they were checking in&lt;/strong&gt;, which of course was the whole point.  &lt;strong&gt;Over time, the build quality improved and the smoke test became less necessary&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-16T11:19:58.783" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T11:19:58.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12666" CreationDate="2015-04-14T16:45:28.320" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with @user246 and  @Niels van Reijmersdal, but it grew longer than comment. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If developers are allowed just &quot;throw code over the wall&quot; to QA, even if basic smoke test will fail in QA environment, they will have no incentive to fix the smoke testing process - and eventually automate most of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goal is not kick the can down the road and make the failure someone else's problem - &lt;strong&gt;goal is to make most productive use of the time of every member of the team.&lt;/strong&gt; If smoke tests fail, developers should be able to find cause faster - so it will be better use of team's time that QA manual testers trying to figure it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-04-14T16:45:28.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12670" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-14T23:18:26.227" Score="2" ViewCount="1165" Body="&lt;p&gt;First a little disclaimer, I'm not an automator, but I'm trying to learn.  I'm trying to maintain code that someone else wrote.  We are using Appium capabilities to launch the APK under test on an emulator and then launching the tests.  The problem is that in our latest build our APK now checks for another APK and if it's not installed it will prompt the user to install it.  So now the scripts do not work because I'm not clicking the 'Install' or 'Cancel' button on the install process.  My question is what is the best way to fix this so that my tests aren't failing.  I'm thinking either-&#xA;1.) Install the second SDK before my app has a chance to check for it (I do not need to test that now), I'm using the scripts for regression of existing functionality&#xA;2.  Have the scripts click the &quot;Install&quot; button.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with #1 is that I don't see how to install more than 1 APK using the Android Set Capabilities.  The problem with #2 is that I'm not sure how to inspect the elements on the install package and click Install?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question- Can you use setCapabilites to install more than 1 APK or is it possible to use Appium to prompt an install?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8472" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T06:57:47.280" Title="Is it possible to use Appium to install a second APK?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12671" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-14T23:40:42.063" Score="1" ViewCount="231" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a new test plan suite. &#xA;I have used TestLink for years and this seems so outdated and slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Price does not matter, open source, paid, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm looking for is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fast (web based application?) For multiple users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple flow, create multiple test cases quickly without waiting for web load times (test link fails here).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy metric reporting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code coverage if possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possibly plugin for jira but not a dependency on jira.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bulk test execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code Coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation API (Integrate our automation successes into the manual plan)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modern, up to date, active community?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above are only suggestions of what I'm looking for, if anything rings a bell please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11657" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:02:06.820" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:02:06.820" Title="Recommended Test Suite management software" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12367" CreationDate="2015-04-15T02:02:58.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might have installed SDK Studio, If you did, then try these configurations.&#xA;They worked for me.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;export ANDROID_HOME=/Users/ivcmbp020adm/Library/Android/sdk&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;export PATH=${PATH}:$ANDROID_HOME/tools:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11691" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-08-13T11:35:40.877" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T11:35:40.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12673" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-15T03:40:06.720" Score="-3" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this xpath generated from firebug but I need to use a CSS selector in my code. Just take the xpath as the code. So my code has 7 div tags where 7 div tag has 2 div tag and then &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;btn btn&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. So how do write my CSS Selector for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;html/body/div[7]/div[2]/a[1] : - Class = &quot;btn btn&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class = &quot;btn btn&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag has an attribute class which is unique on the web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11692" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-15T11:57:31.697" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T01:14:39.707" Title="Selenium - what is the CSS for the following Xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2015-04-17T17:13:02.283" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12674" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-15T03:56:04.467" Score="0" ViewCount="1433" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I'm learning automation testing using Eclipse, Selenium Webdriver, and Java. I'm practicing.&#xA;I'm trying to select the label 'Consumer Electronics' from the Ebay dropdown menu and search only in that category.  Below script is what I have.  It runs but what I notice is even though it will open the drop down and highlight 'Consumer Electronics', it actually is still searching in 'All Categories'. I'm using css to select 'Consumer Electronics'.&#xA;What am I doing wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;public class EbayTest {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.ebay.com/&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;_nkw&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Klipsch Status&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;_sacat&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;option[value='293']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='gh-btn']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11693" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T01:30:14.907" Title="How to select category from Ebay dropdown list?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-17T18:54:27.197" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12674" CreationDate="2015-04-15T05:14:17.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able to access Ebay in my pc because of some firewall restriction , but I can help you by example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to use &lt;strong&gt;Select&lt;/strong&gt; object to select value from dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For ex :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/automation-practice-form/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Select sel = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;continents&quot;)));&#xA;sel.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Australia&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to pass your actual dropdown id and text of dropdown value which you want to select. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T05:14:17.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-15T06:25:13.103" Score="1" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to start recording from the 3rd page of my application as I have recorded scripts for first 2 pages.&#xA;One option is : I can record from beginning and delete the scripts of first 2 pages so that i can get the recorded scripts of 3rd page but could you please suggest if there is any option to start recording from 3rd page ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : 1st and 2nd page is related to my login page and 3rd page is navigation page after login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11695" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T14:56:49.407" Title="How to record in jMeter from some inbetween page (Not from Starting page)" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12670" CreationDate="2015-04-15T06:57:47.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of course it's better to take care about your test environment before test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means if you have to have another app installed in test environment prior to test execution, you had better to do it in some &lt;em&gt;TestSuiteSetUp&lt;/em&gt; class which will do common work preparing your application and environment for test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case the easiest way would be to use appium-adb library which gives you opportunity to use standard adb commands in appium. With help of this you'll have to implement following simple logic (simplified pseudocode):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if is_application_installed(application) then&#xA;return true&#xA;else install_application()&#xA;&#xA;is_application_installed(application)&#xA;fill out this method with code from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11392183/how-to-check-programmatically-if-an-application-is-installed-or-not-in-android*&#xA;&#xA;install_application(application_to_install)&#xA;adb install -r application_to_install&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;strong&gt;is_application_installed&lt;/strong&gt; method checks whether the app is already installed, and &lt;strong&gt;install_application&lt;/strong&gt; takes care of installing the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T06:57:47.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12676" CreationDate="2015-04-15T07:08:47.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to fact that the first 2 pages are login ones, you have also to take care of user session which will be created after login procedure on those pages, in order to later be able to navigate to page 3 (this can be done by Cookie Manager component where you'll define valid session cookies manually).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, I think you should better stick to the approach you've described since it doesn't require much work to be done, but just delete 1st and 2nd pages you've visited during recording the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you can also play with &quot;URL patterns to include&quot; option of &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt; but it gives you less flexibility as your script will grow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T07:08:47.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12671" CreationDate="2015-04-15T08:05:36.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the price is not a matter, then &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/products/tfs-overview-vs.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TFS&lt;/a&gt;. However, it is not a TM tool, it is a full development pipeline, management, CI, everything tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been working with it for years and I found it a very good tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6115" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T08:05:36.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12671" CreationDate="2015-04-15T08:50:04.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestRail&lt;/a&gt; based on my experience. We are completely satisfied with our needs and expectation from Test Case Management system. And it also meets all your requirements (but without code coverage as far as I know).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T08:50:04.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12666" CreationDate="2015-04-15T08:55:14.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Continuous integration server (Jenkins, Teamcity etc.) with unit-tests and automated functional smoke test test run before build is our choice in perfect work flow. And we have some checklist for developers that they should execute before their commit to repository at initial state before we do not have Continuous Integration server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T08:55:14.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12661" CreationDate="2015-04-15T08:56:06.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to access elements in frames you first need to switch to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to use &lt;code&gt;driver.switch_to.frame &quot;iframeResult&quot;&lt;/code&gt; first and afterwards try to find or interact with the input elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2618" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-20T18:13:56.760" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T18:13:56.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12684" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-15T16:58:39.493" Score="1" ViewCount="13969" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String str = &quot;//*[@id=&quot;Result&quot;]/h2&quot;;&#xA;WebElement vele = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(str));&#xA;String vin = vele.toString();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Vin is&quot;+vin);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The result is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[FirefoxDriver: firefox on WINDOWS (dcb60bbf-03e4-40df-8985-fbb35a988add)] -&amp;gt; css selector: #Result &amp;gt; h2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should get result as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2G3AM51N6M2768439&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My HTML code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;document&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script language=&quot;javascript&quot;&amp;gt;window.onload = showLoad('random', 'random');&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form method=&quot;post&quot; action=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;input&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;button&quot; class=&quot;random&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; value=&quot;Generate Random VIN&quot; onclick=&quot;showResult('random', 'random')&quot; name=&quot;mk_vin&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;Result&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;2G3AM51N6M2768439&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;hr/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;vin&quot; class=&quot;verifybox&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; maxlength=&quot;17&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;vin&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;button&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; value=&quot;Verify VIN&quot; onclick=&quot;showResult('verify', document.getElementById('vin').value)&quot; name=&quot;ck_vin&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;about&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;footer&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/document&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11692" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-03T10:52:16.450" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T10:52:16.450" Title="How to get the text present between &lt;H2&gt; tag" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12684" CreationDate="2015-04-15T17:44:26.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why use XPath in your CSS selector? Just try this (assuming your selector is correct for the page you want to test).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement vele = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#Result h2&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to get the text of the WebElement. What you're doing is converting the webElement &lt;em&gt;object&lt;/em&gt; to its string representation. Use this method instead:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(&quot;Vin is &quot; + vele.getText());&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#getText()&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the documentation here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2015-04-15T18:42:06.877" LastActivityDate="2015-04-15T18:42:06.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12684" CreationDate="2015-04-16T00:59:55.987" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hey there's two issues here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) you're calling ToString on an IWebElement. Try calling vele.Text instead of vele.ToString() instead. This will get you the text of the element rather than a taxi representation of the IWebElement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) you're using an xpath selector, but you're telling Webdriver that you want to use css selector to locate the element. You can use By.XPath with the code you have instead, the xpath you have written (str) is valid and should match ok. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastEditorUserId="4338" LastEditDate="2015-04-16T01:05:02.070" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T01:05:02.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12673" CreationDate="2015-04-16T01:09:23.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer might not seem very useful right now, but tools which automatically generate xpath or css for an element pretty much never do a good job of creating a selector which is not brittle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I strongly advise that you spend a day or two learning in depth either xpath, or css (Webdriver supports either,  css selectors tend to be a bit quicker) as it is not complicated, and not rely on automatically generating selectors, they really cause a lot of problems and very very weak tests that break quickly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if we add in another div somewhere in the middle of the other 7 you already have before your element, the xpath you have there breaks entirely. Xpath in the right hands can be well written and quite robust. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quick answer : btn is the class on your link. It looks like it's been decorated with the same class twice (smells wrong to me).. The css selector would be a.btn if the btn class is unique on all a tags like you said. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastEditorUserId="4338" LastEditDate="2015-04-16T01:14:39.707" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T01:14:39.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12666" CreationDate="2015-04-16T01:21:25.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work, a developer is expected to get their new feature deployed to the Dev environment and make sure that it and the platform are both still functioning at a very basic level. We had a period where quite a lot of new work checked in and deployed to Dev did not work at all, and got pushed straight back pretty much right away. I think that level of smoke testing from devs should be expected, as a handover period of the feature to QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest should ideally be covered by CI and any new, non covered functionality be picked up by the QA team, once the feature is in a testable state. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means the Dev on the feature tests a few of the most basic functions of that feature once deployed to Dev to ensure its ready for the QA team to pick up, the Dev should absolutely not be spending much more than about twenty minutes doing this sanity check for most work: once it's deemed the feature is running then QA can pick up from there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T01:21:25.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12674" CreationDate="2015-04-16T01:27:20.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I won't add the same as what's already been said, but.. I noticed one of your selectors is by option value 293, or similar As a rule of thumb, try not to use numerical or 'generated' selectors on things like this, as if there were another option added to the drop down you might end up selecting a totally different option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T01:27:20.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11777" CreationDate="2015-04-16T01:30:15.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you looked into SoapUI? This is pretty comprehensive, fairly powerful and also fairly well known by QAs for testing REST services. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T01:30:15.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12693" CreationDate="2015-04-16T06:50:25.580" Score="2" ViewCount="412" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using eclipse luna 4.4.1, adb is installed on linux system to test android app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have recorded a monkeytalk script. So my question is how to run that monkeytalk recorded script in 500 times. But in every loop the value of input data should be change(Validation stuff).&#xA;For example : I recorded sign up account. So that need to run it 500 times to create 500 diffrent account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6798" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T06:18:13.563" Title="how to run monkeytalk recorded scripts in multiple times?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;monkeytalk&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12671" CreationDate="2015-04-16T08:06:05.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently having the same issue you have with Testlink. I've tried to gather information on other tools in other departments of my company, and it seems that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.squashtest.org/en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Squash&quot;&gt;Squash&lt;/a&gt; is a pretty good tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is divided into two parts: SquashTM for manual testing and SquashTA for automatic testing, which seems to fit your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've played a bit with SquashTM on a local installation, and it seems to fit most of my personal needs, and i'm currently evaluating the cost to do a migration from Testlink to Squash. I'm not sure it will cover all your needs, but it can't be worse than Testlink in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last important thing, it's open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8767" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T08:06:05.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12691" CreationDate="2015-04-16T08:07:08.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Run the MonkeyLab tests from the commandline: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk-documentation/monkeytalk-faq#1.13&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk-documentation/monkeytalk-faq#1.13&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a able to run a single test from the command line then wrap it around a &lt;a href=&quot;http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO-7.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bash script that loops&lt;/a&gt; 500 times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example bash script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/bin/bash &#xA;COUNTER=0&#xA;while [  $COUNTER -lt 500 ]; do&#xA;  java -jar monkeytalk-runner.jar -agent iOS yourtestfilename.mt&#xA;  let COUNTER=COUNTER+1 &#xA;done&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Driven&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems MonkeyTalk supports looping with CSV files. It will loop the test-script for each line in the CSV file. See the documentation here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk-documentation/monkeytalk-user-guide/data-driving-scripts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk-documentation/monkeytalk-user-guide/data-driving-scripts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T06:18:13.563" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6035" CreationDate="2015-04-16T09:56:18.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To test the Native and Hybrid Apps, Appium and Calabash are the best options.&#xA;You can test your app on both platforms i.e. Android and iOS using any of the above tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium can be used if you are already familiar with selenium and free to use multiple supported languages for scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Calabash is mainly used with ruby language and have its own calabash commands to perform the gestures with the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11595" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T09:56:18.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12698" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-16T10:27:05.383" Score="4" ViewCount="39081" Body="&lt;p&gt;In registration form address field if it is empty application, message shows in red color. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I capture this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11711" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-03T01:34:35.610" LastActivityDate="2015-09-13T05:39:50.940" Title="Selenium webdriver: detecting element color" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12699" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-16T10:34:51.573" Score="3" ViewCount="1287" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm really struggling to automate some drag and drop functionality in a web app.  All I need to do is click a link on a top menu bar, hold down on it and select the first menu option.  It works fine in Chrome but I need it to work in FF.  Currently using FF 37 and Selenium 2.45.  My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;    driver.switchTo().frame(0);&#xA;    Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    //click 'Content' button, this will expose the 'New' button&#xA;    WebElement contentDropDownButton = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='topPane']/div[1]/div/*//*//*[text()[contains(.,'Content')]]&quot;)));&#xA;    action.moveToElement(contentDropDownButton).clickAndHold();&#xA;    action.perform();&#xA;&#xA;    //capture 'New' in a WebElement and then click and hold on it&#xA;    WebElement newButton = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[starts-with(@id, 'fw_dijit_UIPopupMenuItem')][text()[contains(.,'New')]]&quot;)));&#xA;    action.moveToElement(newButton).clickAndHold();&#xA;    action.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like I say, works fine in Chrome.  What would be the best approach to handling this and can someone suggest code?  I don't &lt;em&gt;think&lt;/em&gt; I actually need to 'click' or 'hold' on either of the Content or New buttons as a real interation will work with a simple mouse hover.  I'm just not sure how to recreate this with webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5776" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T14:52:57.850" Title="Selenium Webdriver: Firefox: 'Cannot press more then one button or an already pressed button'" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12698" CreationDate="2015-04-16T10:40:00.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to provide more information to be given any particularly detailed answers, but essentially the test case would navigate to your form and clear any text from the address field (you may need to enter some text then clear text from the field depending on how your form works).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this you should be able to see the application message, so you need to write a selector which matches this message, and then assert that the message text is as you expect it to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can provide the DOM of the page once the message is shown, and other useful info I can provide more information to help, otherwise this is about as much as I can say.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T10:40:00.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12698" CreationDate="2015-04-16T10:48:19.263" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Steps: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open page with form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leave fields empty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Submit form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for message to appear with an &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Explicit wait&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert message text and color are correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;.GetCSSValue(&quot;color&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; on a webElement to get its color value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an example look at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19668893/getcssvalue-color-in-hex-format-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19668893/getcssvalue-color-in-hex-format-in-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T10:53:29.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12702" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-16T11:41:07.967" Score="1" ViewCount="16116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new in using selenium web driver. Can you help me which Element should I use? Here is the code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;btn btn-sm blue&quot; data-toggle=&quot;dropdown&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-gear&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-angle-down &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've already tried the class which is &lt;code&gt;class=&quot;btn btn-sm blue&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and its xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id=&quot;grdEmails&quot;]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[8]/div/a &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but none of this has been work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I commit error whenever I run my script using C# language and it say &quot;IllegalLocatorException&quot;. I've tried a lot of classes/xpath/id etc(which I know it doesn't appropriate to use just to work my script). Can somebody help me to solve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;IWebElement btnAction = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;btn btn-sm blue&quot;));&#xA;btnAction.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11712" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T11:40:30.263" LastActivityDate="2020-05-18T07:44:49.780" Title="Locating button element in modal and/or new window" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12703" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-16T12:19:29.660" Score="2" ViewCount="578" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running Selenium tests (with Protractor) on several browser at the same time to speed up the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins starts the tests and receives the output in a console. To make things more readable I am figuring out how to show the test results differently. With xunit, html, or another reporter (I am using Mocha as testframework for Protractor). Any tips are welcome here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem: when running test simultaneously on multiple browsers Selenium outputs the used browser and Operating System between the results.&#xA;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[launcher] Running 13 instances of WebDriver&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;[chrome ANY #1e] &#xA;[chrome ANY #1e] Using the selenium server at http://172.20.20.208:4444/wd/hub/&#xA;[chrome ANY #1e] &#xA;[chrome ANY #1e] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes the output less readably. Plus when I choose to print the results those lines are not put between html tags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to hide this information?&#xA;Or any other ideas on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6581" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T22:42:01.283" Title="Do not show browser and OS in Selenium console output" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12710" CreationDate="2015-04-16T15:58:24.463" Score="1" ViewCount="2133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope this day finds you well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm working on an automation suite and I've run into an annoying problem when it comes to switching windows.  I have a script which clicks a button which opens in a new window.  I'm able to switch to that new window but only intermittently.  Here's my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    mainWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;    objAdminPage.clickButtonForNewWindow();&#xA;&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    System.out.println(handles);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;This is the main handle &quot; + mainWindowHandle);&#xA;&#xA;    for(String winHandle : handles){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;In the loop &quot; + handles);&#xA;        if(!winHandle.equals(mainWindowHandle)){    &#xA;            driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);    &#xA;            System.out.println(winHandle);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to be the standard way of doing things.  The script saves the current window handle, then gets all handles, loops over them until it finds the one which isn't the current window and the driver switches to it.  And this works.....sort of.  Often when I run the script it won't switch to the new window, leading to failed tests and badness.  I've scattered sysouts through the code as you can see and I've noticed that on failure I'm only getting one handle in the handles set, not both.  What seems to be happening is that the system is charging ahead and the set is being created before Selenium can get both handles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm able to get this to run reliably if I make a Thread.sleep(1000) call prior to creating the set but I really don't like having to do this.  It seems inelegant and I've not seen this being necessary elsewhere.  If anyone has any better solutions or knows why I'm having to hack the system like this I would greatly appreciate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running Selenium 2.45.0 MacOS 10.9.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11715" LastActivityDate="2020-09-25T04:12:48.500" Title="Problem with switching windows in Selenium WD" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12706" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-16T16:01:12.140" Score="2" ViewCount="1051" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question might sound very odd to you all but just wondering if this is possible for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay so I have written 10 cases for my login page in selenium using C# .net. But they take quite a lot of time to run one by one . SO I was wondering of there is a way that I can run few cases like 3-4 or may be more cases together . Like As I click on Run Selected Test it runs 3 cases together and then 3 and 3 and so on cause right now I have these 10 only but in future these cases might go upto 150 or something. SO just wondering if this is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help will be much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8825" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T10:00:28.723" Title="Opening Multiple windows of firefox in the same test case" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;.net&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12707" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-16T16:43:17.963" Score="3" ViewCount="946" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know, which is the best way to run automated and acceptance tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because now I have two environments, which are develop and qa, but I don't know if the better way to run these tests is during the build of project in develop environment or after deploy in qa environment, Could you give me your opinion about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11555" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T10:32:09.750" Title="The best time to run acceptance-tests with Cucumber/selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12707" CreationDate="2015-04-16T18:15:32.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;to my experience in automation test, it is more valuable to run in qa environment but you should communicate with developer frequently on changing part which may affect your automated test cases so you can prepare your automated test cases during development phase and give priority to more static features of the product to prevent updating automated cases more frequently. Also running acceptance cases may run in both environment but my suggestion is share key test cases of accaptance test cases to developer team and let them run before they give package to qa environment, also you can guide and help them to run these cases so both of you can agree on the test result and it prevents blocking test the package in qa environment. In qa environment you can run all acceptance test cases and automated test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11576" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T18:15:32.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12707" CreationDate="2015-04-16T18:26:43.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If QA and DEV environments are equal (have the same dependencies installed, the same build, etc.), there is no much sense to run acceptance tests on both of them, since it will be just duplicated execution and additional overhead in terms of analysing test results on two environments instead of one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acceptance tests&lt;/em&gt; are the tests which provide you additional confidence in what you're doing. You'll get maximal value from using them in case if you run those test on the environment which is as close to production on as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You haven't mentioned what's your deployment process so that it's really hard to say exactly where to execute acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But nevertheless consider following issues when dealing with acceptance testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance tests should test mostly application functionality on the system level and not the components in isolation;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance tests should be run prior to every production deployment, regardless on how you deploying (with &quot;big&quot; builds containing several commits or using &quot;continuous deployment&quot; approach);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that will help you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T18:26:43.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12705" CreationDate="2015-04-16T19:01:58.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using a sleep I would wait until more then one window is present. &lt;code&gt;driver.getWindowHandles().size()&lt;/code&gt; returns the number of windows, it should be one more then before the &lt;code&gt;clickButtonForNewWindow&lt;/code&gt; action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 10000&#xA;while(driver.getWindowHandles().size() &amp;gt;= 1 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; System.currentTimeMillis() &amp;lt; endTime) {&#xA;  // loops for 10s&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T19:01:58.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12706" CreationDate="2015-04-16T19:13:56.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most test runners support running tests in parallel. I am not really into C#, but have a look at these posts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.yauheni.me/2009/12/design-of-selenium-tests-for-aspnet_19.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.yauheni.me/2009/12/design-of-selenium-tests-for-aspnet_19.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/vstsqualitytools/archive/2009/12/01/executing-unit-tests-in-parallel-on-a-multi-cpu-core-machine.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/vstsqualitytools/archive/2009/12/01/executing-unit-tests-in-parallel-on-a-multi-cpu-core-machine.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.dmbcllc.com/running-selenium-in-parallel-with-any-net-unit-testing-tool/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.dmbcllc.com/running-selenium-in-parallel-with-any-net-unit-testing-tool/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems other SO users have had good experience with the Gallio test runner for .Net: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3840028/parallel-testing-with-selenium-grid-using-c-sharp-unit-tests&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3840028/parallel-testing-with-selenium-grid-using-c-sharp-unit-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it should be possible to run more then one test on a single machine. After you are getting more and more tests, you will want to run them for each check-in with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms181712.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;build server&lt;/a&gt; against a &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/a&gt; or a cloud grid like &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt; to speed up things even more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-04-16T19:13:56.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12707" CreationDate="2015-04-16T19:22:24.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Run all the tests just right after the build as soon as possible, before deploying to the test environment. Developers should have feedback about their check-ins as soon as possible. Also you say the test-env is used for manual testing, why would you want to risk deploying a non working build. Certainly if you could have run the tests first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short the ideal flow looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check-in new code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run all tests&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First the unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second the slower acceptance tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploy to test-env&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run small test to see deploy was successful&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless both environments are really different I see no need to run al the tests again in the test-env.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To save power I would not run the acceptance tests and deployment if the unit-tests are already failing. Make it a priority to always keep all the test passing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes sure the test-env always works and manual testers will not be wasting time reporting broken builds which are already covered by automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-18T10:32:09.750" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T10:32:09.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12713" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24395" CreationDate="2015-04-16T20:46:18.477" Score="2" ViewCount="867" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm facing an issue when application I'm testing is opening a second level popup (I mean, a popup that rises another popup). I'm using Selenium for Java, version 2.42.2, with IE Driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code currently manages all other flows and single pop ups windows, but when a second level popup appears my webdriver object gets irresponsive and just stuck in any method that try to get invoked. When this happens, I need to manually close the popup window and then driver method continues the execution of invoked method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it worth mentioning, if I call the second popup from the main page (not from another popup) I am able to manage it without problems, so the problem seems to be related with the number of nested windows more than a specific problem for the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look on below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String url = &quot;/example.jsp&quot;&#xA;int counter = 0;&#xA;boolean windowDetected = false;&#xA;&#xA;// Waiting until page with given url gets detected&#xA;// It tries 10 times before it continues&#xA;while (counter++ &amp;lt; 10 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; !windowDetected) {         &#xA;&#xA;  waitForSeconds(1); // Just invokes Thread.sleep method, &#xA;&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;before getting handlers, iteration &quot; + counter + &quot; of 10&quot;);   &#xA;  Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handlers = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;after getting handlers, number of handlers: &quot; + handlers.size());&#xA;&#xA;  for (String handler : handlers) {&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Moving to &quot; + handler);&#xA;      driver.switchTo().window(handler);&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (NoSuchWindowException e) {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Window not found, it probably redirected to a different window&quot;);&#xA;      break;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    if (driver.getCurrentUrl().contains(url)) {&#xA;      windowDetected = true;&#xA;      waitForPageLoading(); // It just verify current page status to be completed&#xA;      break;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to position properly the driver in specific window with above code in other application pages, but when having the second level popup it just hangs on line Set handlers = driver.getWindowHandles(); that is the first method called on driver object after popup appeared. Similarly, if I had called another driver method like driver.getPageSource() the same would have happened in that method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not able to change application structure (my scope is only for testing it), so doing changes in web application code is not an option for me now. I have read on different options like trying Robot class, but I think it will be difficult to implement with more complex pages and difficult to maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea of how can I solve this issue? Many thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best regards,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alberto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11721" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T01:27:09.430" Title="Web driver gets blocked after getting a second level popup (popup inside another popup)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12598" CreationDate="2015-04-17T02:50:53.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No magic bullet.  If you have a &quot;multi-tenant&quot; schema -- a schema that represents multiple, independent sets of data -- you may be able to run each concurrent test in a different data set.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is hard to be more specific about this without knowing more about your database, but here is an example.  Consider an application as a service for managing employees.  One instance of the service handles multiple companies, so the database has a company table, and all employee information is associated with a company.  If you want to run concurrent tests, you might run each in a different company so that they do not interfere with each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that isn't possible, you might consider altering your schema so that it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; possible.  Sometimes is makes sense to adjust your software so that it is easier to test.  Think about how that might apply to your own application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T02:50:53.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12715" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12985" CreationDate="2015-04-17T06:58:16.440" Score="1" ViewCount="319" Body="&lt;p&gt;My first question. I'm using 2.8.0 where verifyTextPresent is deprecated but I'm using it because verifyText requires the use of CSS locators and our data changes from time to time. Anyway, these days, I fire Selenium and do the testing as usual. However, it shows a no-match even though the text is present on the web page (and this behaviour is for one page only). What can I do about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:popupDers('02','2014','CULT','454','eng');&quot;&amp;gt;Cultures of Migration&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium IDE code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;/programscourses/currentcourses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyTextPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Cultures of Migration&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11701" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T01:26:19.380" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T01:26:19.380" Title="Selenium doesn't match the text present" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12716" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12717" CreationDate="2015-04-17T07:51:09.080" Score="2" ViewCount="15094" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have currently a python code that should grab a link from google. &#xA;However, google uses a somewhat different method to linking. how could I grab the &lt;code&gt;data-href&lt;/code&gt; instead of just &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is the html example of a google link, the code is different when I use firefox.. there is no data-href:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a &#xA; href=&quot;/url?    sa=t&amp;amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;amp;cd=2&amp;amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;amp;ved=0CC0QFjAB&amp;amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dongemondcollege.nl%2F&amp;amp;amp;ei=ihIwVdTqKtDYaoSjgMAP&amp;amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNEvpxj60GxhQekQ2qI6QXDP2Vso1g&amp;amp;amp;sig2=DuKoiCbIcI0ncx8D4gnSaA&amp;amp;amp;bvm=bv.91071109,d.bGQ&quot;&#xA; onmousedown=&quot;return rwt(this,'','','','2','AFQjCNEvpxj60GxhQekQ2qI6QXDP2Vso1g','DuKoiCbIcI0ncx8D4gnSaA','0CC0QFjAB','','',event)&quot;&#xA; data-href=&quot;http://www.dongemondcollege.nl/&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; Dongemond College &amp;amp;gt; Algemeen &amp;amp;gt; Home&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the Python code that should grab the link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;def getLinks(source):&#xA;&#xA;    websiteLinks = []&#xA;    for link in source.find_all('a'):&#xA;        url = link.get('href')&#xA;        if url:&#xA;            if '/search?' not in url:&#xA;                websiteLinks.append(url)&#xA;    return websiteLinks&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11724" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-17T20:30:31.833" LastActivityDate="2020-07-21T02:49:05.103" Title="How to get data-href instead of href with selenium in python?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12716" CreationDate="2015-04-17T08:11:15.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;data-href is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_attributes.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an attribute of a HTML tag&lt;/a&gt;, try to use get_attribute method, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;url = browser.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//a&quot;).get_attribute(&quot;data-href&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/en/latest/api.html#selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement.get_attribute&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/en/latest/api.html#selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement.get_attribute&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or this for examples: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12579061/python-selenium-find-object-attributes-using-xpath&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12579061/python-selenium-find-object-attributes-using-xpath&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T08:33:52.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12719" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-17T09:50:33.457" Score="0" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;I look for a solution to get hardware information about remote servers using java code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11727" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T13:23:40.707" Title="Collect system and hardware informations of remote (apache and tomcat) servers from java code" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-04-17T17:12:23.937" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12676" CreationDate="2015-04-17T10:25:27.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest ways are using browser extensions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're using JMeter's proxy look for something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/quickproxy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QuickProxy&lt;/a&gt; Firefox addon. Using it you can switch browser between using proxy and direct connection in a single click. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/search/BlazeMeter?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Google Chrome&lt;/a&gt; extension - can be easier as it doesn't require any proxy configuration.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T10:25:27.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12719" CreationDate="2015-04-17T11:31:47.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Server monitoring is more a operational task then testing, have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://serverfault.com/questions/44/what-tool-do-you-use-to-monitor-your-servers&quot;&gt;https://serverfault.com/questions/44/what-tool-do-you-use-to-monitor-your-servers&lt;/a&gt; most server monitoring tools have an API that can be used to get the info from a programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have a look at the open-source &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nagios.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nagios&lt;/a&gt; it has Java API plugins: &lt;a href=&quot;http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Addons/APIs/Java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Addons/APIs/Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:14:55.583" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T11:31:47.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9174" CreationDate="2015-04-17T13:34:34.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I accomplished a similar thing by running the SoapUI tests within the Maven Build&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/test-automation/maven/maven-2-x.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.soapui.org/test-automation/maven/maven-2-x.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;one of the outputs is &quot;junitReport : Turns on creation of JUnit-reports, (true/false)&quot; which will then let you use any of of the million JUnit graphing tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps in finding your solution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T13:34:34.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7897" CreationDate="2015-04-17T23:34:11.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The symbolic solver in the slide cannot deduce that an integer multiplied by 4 cannot be 17.  This is a statement about that particular solver at that point in time, not about solvers in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T23:34:11.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12475" CreationDate="2015-04-17T23:48:49.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no  UK-based university offers a degree exclusively in software testing.  If there were such a degree plan, you would find it in Google search results, along with all other degree plans at UK-based universities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other ways to get an education that is relevant to software testing, however.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-17T23:48:49.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8498" CreationDate="2015-04-18T00:38:23.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can I find that the input is constant when its a complex piece of code like UI of web-page (like a hash?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on how you use Jenkins, there may be a build number associated with the test.  You can look for code changes associated with that build. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can I Get that input data from Jenkins or other place? For UI automation of web-sites&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins has a REST API.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Remote+access+API&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Remote+access+API&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can i solve this problem of verification of input being constant in a general way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how to answer this.  What kind of generality?  If you version your SUT and your tests, you should be able to determine differences.  Of course your test could have other dependencies whose differences are harder to classify/quantify, e.g. running against a production database backup that changes every week or running a time-dependent scheduler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T00:38:23.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12462" CreationDate="2015-04-18T00:47:35.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are no well-established methods for comparing test tools.  You need to evaluate them based on your own requirements.  If you don't know what your requirements are, try using both tools and write down what you learn.  Or if one tool is free and the other costs money, try the free tool first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T00:47:35.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12458" CreationDate="2015-04-18T00:52:43.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are no well established, reliable methods for quantifying change in a deploy.  There are metrics you can use like lines of code, size of binary, number of checkins, and number of fixed bugs.  None of them by themselves are consistent indicators of quality or volatility, but they may serve as rough indicators at a large enough scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T00:52:43.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12441" CreationDate="2015-04-18T00:55:10.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://security.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;.  It is described as &quot;a question and answer site for Information security professionals&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T13:14:44.087" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T17:21:22.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12432" CreationDate="2015-04-18T00:58:48.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Googling for Java Hashmap test.  I very quickly found &lt;a href=&quot;https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/pivot/trunk/core/test/org/apache/pivot/collections/test/HashMapTest.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, and I am sure you can find many others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T00:58:48.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10386" CreationDate="2015-04-18T01:13:58.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are comparing apples and oranges.  Selenium works off the DOM, not off the page source.  For a more fair comparison, try opening the browser debugger and searching for &quot;cloud front&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T01:13:58.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10253" CreationDate="2015-04-18T01:19:03.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider conditions that cause zero iterations, one iteration, a few iterations, and a very large number of iterations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T01:19:03.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12739" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12743" CreationDate="2015-04-18T07:51:55.163" Score="1" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one scenario say example In shoppong cart web application , in the ceckout page while selecting the address,I have two drop downs&#xA;which are states and city. we needd to select the state and city and need to validate delivery charge based on the state and city&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here my question is, I am taking the all states with city names together as a pair in a CSV file and I am executing the above said scenario for each pair of state and city.So my doubt is how many max number of records is it capable to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: In my current execution it was executing up to max 136 records after that it was terminating the execution and also I am logging the success condition  to console and failure condition to text file.&#xA;My Enviroment : Selenium webdriver with javascript(node.js) + mocha framework +windows+excel sheet(800)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T16:01:26.587" Title="Max no.of records can we test in selenium by using data driven framework" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5103" CreationDate="2015-04-18T12:52:07.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is a reasonable list, but people tend to solve these problems by glueing different frameworks together.  In particular, saving results to a database, generating reports, and sending emails may be well-served by Jenkins.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium has APIs for a number of languages -- I assume that is the part you want to script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Virtually any open-source testing framework will run on Linux, except perhaps for those that are for testing software that is operating system specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T12:52:07.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8224" CreationDate="2015-04-18T13:22:15.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Writing this answer on behalf of the OP, who answered the question in a comment.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/528567/how-can-i-simulate-a-disk-full-error-in-a-windows-environment&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/528567/how-can-i-simulate-a-disk-full-error-in-a-windows-environment&lt;/a&gt; describes multiple methods for filling the entire disk.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-04-18T13:22:15.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12739" CreationDate="2015-04-19T16:01:26.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think a set limit does not exist and tests should run until you stop them. I do wonder if you really need to check all pairs and if isn't that easier checked in a unit-test. It should also be possible to write unit-tests for JavaScript actions that populate drop-downs. Check only a couple of pairs in the actual GUI, because testing all pairs with Selenium feels like a waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you are running into a Browser issue (maybe memory issues in the client side code after repeating the same over and over again).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot find the cause to the halt (because its to time consuming to debug) try to split up the tests in a couple of smaller ones that each try a 100 combinations instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T16:01:26.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12599" CreationDate="2015-04-19T16:37:08.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to write your test-cases in Python you could have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://marathontesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://marathontesting.com/&lt;/a&gt; as I found in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/14154726/1088584&quot;&gt;this SO post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand the MarathonITE supports Applet testing: &lt;a href=&quot;http://marathontesting.com/tutorials/page/2/#!prettyPhoto[]/1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://marathontesting.com/tutorials/page/2/#!prettyPhoto[]/1/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T16:37:08.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12569" CreationDate="2015-04-19T16:42:47.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I couldn't find much info about the CA Lisa tool, but if it uses a programming language then most have &lt;a href=&quot;http://json.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a JSON parsing library&lt;/a&gt; to make your life easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not then you could write your own: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17063690/how-to-write-a-basic-json-parsing-class&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17063690/how-to-write-a-basic-json-parsing-class&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T16:42:47.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12565" CreationDate="2015-04-19T16:53:24.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Internet Explorer window is not available&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is your error, possible causes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Window is renamed to something else along the way?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Window is closed by a test step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Internet Explorer crashed? IE is not known for its stability, certainly not version 9. Check the Windows application logs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Memory leaks: Maybe running a single test for an hour in it is not a good idea. Do your users also use it for an hour? If so maybe check for memory leaks in the client-side code. I have had a JavaScript browser application using absurd amounts (in the GigaBytes) of memory in IE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try to record the test run to a video and check the steps in the playback: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286596.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286596.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-19T16:53:24.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12618" CreationDate="2015-04-20T15:13:46.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You didn't say the tool needs to be open-source and/or free. That would add a bunch of commercial tools to your list like Loadrunner and Rational Performance Tester&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both LR and RPT allow you to script in Java, but I believe if you &quot;record&quot; with loadrunner, the script would be in LR scripting language, which is C-like. Both tools have powerful libraries for capturing and reusing tokens, doing asserts on responses and managing cookies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11750" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T15:13:46.240" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12523" CreationDate="2015-04-20T18:07:36.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Frameworks like Selenium and Watir itself do not provide functions to get data from sources like Excel. They are designed to automate and drive web-browsers with method that simplify this process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with most automation frameworks you combine them with a programming language and a test-runner. For most programming language Excel reading libraries are available, for Ruby this would be something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/zdavatz/spreadsheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;spreadsheet&lt;/a&gt; read &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/zdavatz/spreadsheet/blob/master/GUIDE.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the example guide&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your data driven test framework would combine all four: Watir, testrunner, Excel library and programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you are also using &lt;a href=&quot;https://cukes.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt; I would also have a look at the follow SO post: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20955361/importing-csv-as-test-data-in-cucumber&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20955361/importing-csv-as-test-data-in-cucumber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T18:07:36.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12503" CreationDate="2015-04-20T19:39:34.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would always vote for hand-coding automated test over the use of &lt;em&gt;Record and Playback&lt;/em&gt;. With programming test-cases its much easier to keep the tests &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DRY&lt;/a&gt; and if you think about maintainability of the tests up-front this will safe you a lot of time in the end. Some record and playback tools do support cutting up recordings in pieces and or replacing frequently used parts. But its hard (or maybe even impossible)  to implement a Selenium best practise like the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/a&gt; with a recording tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt;. Overal test recordings are harder to maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless you have a very small set of test-cases and very limited time avoid using a &lt;em&gt;Record and Playback&lt;/em&gt; tool like Selenium IDE. (This is true for any &lt;em&gt;Record and Playback&lt;/em&gt; testing tool, not just web-based or Selenium testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still these tools have some value and can be handy sometimes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get started quick with a new test &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;See how the test recorder finds the control elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might be needed for example when you automate an menu and it disappears before you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools#dom-and-styles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;an element inspector&lt;/a&gt; on them and you don't have access to the code, because this element is part of a commercial library.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you already started creating a lot of test-cases in the IDE, no worries. The IDE has an export feature under the file menu, which exports the steps to C# code and already wrapped in NUnit test methods. You should be able to refactor this to the Page Object Model and be on the right track in no time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T08:39:49.347" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T08:39:49.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12500" CreationDate="2015-04-20T20:22:45.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;WebDriver cannot be used todo browser specific actions, it can only be used to drive the web-page. Although sending the keys CTRL-TAB might switch tabs WebDriver will still think you are in the previous window.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Switching Tabs as you want is thus actually something different. Each tab is actually a window organised in a tab like look-and-feel. Thus you have to use &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window('windowName');&lt;/code&gt; to switch &quot;tabs&quot; and to find the window names use &lt;code&gt;driver.getAllWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt; which returns a list of windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For sending key combinations with the JavaScript version of WebDriver have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/javascript/class_webdriver_ActionSequence.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ActionSequence&lt;/a&gt;. It has a small example and &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/javascript/enum_webdriver_Key.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here is a list of possible keys&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;new webdriver.ActionSequence(driver).&#xA;keyDown(webdriver.Key.CONTROL).&#xA;keyDown(webdriver.Key.TAB)&#xA;keyUp(webdriver.Key.CONTROL).&#xA;keyUp(webdriver.Key.TAB).&#xA;perform();&#xA;driver.swithTo().window('name');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/webdriverio/webdriverio/issues/138&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;thread&lt;/a&gt; also shows the difference between WebDriverJS and &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver.IO&lt;/a&gt; including examples how-to use the keyDown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T05:52:32.107" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T05:52:32.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12755" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-20T21:00:22.113" Score="3" ViewCount="5846" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Selenium and have searched for a solution for this, but cannot find one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to drill down into a nav containing a collapsable directory tree. The folder nodes' content starts as an empty div that is populated when their &quot;+&quot; icon is clicked. The problem is that I cannot find anything within the newly populated div. I am using find_element_by_link_text() and have tried find_element_by_partial_link_text() with a fragment. I've even done a find_elements_by_tag_name() and the new elements (anchors) are not listed with those that exist outside of the new div.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The entire nav is contained within an iframe - is there a switch_to method that would apply?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a sanitized example of what the HTML looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;KnownID&quot; ...&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;html ...&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;body ...&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;unknown_id_first_subtree&quot;&amp;gt; ... &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;unknown_id_nth_subtree&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div id=&quot;unknown_a&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;table&amp;gt; &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt; &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt; &amp;lt;td width=&quot;however wide the indent&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;!-- Child nodes begin here --&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;table&amp;gt; &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt; &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;td class=&quot;treeCell&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;a id=&quot;unknown_id&quot;&amp;gt; this toggles the tree node display &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;a id=&quot;unknown_id&quot;&amp;gt;This is the text I know&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;div id=&quot;subtreeContainer_unknown_id&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;!-- Empty place holder to hold expanded content --&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;!-- Repeat above pattern for each tree entry --&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;   ... closes out the nth_subtree&#xA;    repeats&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The empty place holder is populated when the node is expanded. I do not know any of the ID's when my script runs, all that I know is the text of the link (&quot;This is the text I know&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The IDs of the elements are, of course, available at run time, and I can construct the ID of the various elements I need to use by replacing the prefix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to find_element_by_xpath the first entry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(text(),'A')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with both FirePath and Seleninum. I can find &quot;B&quot; in &quot;A/B&quot; using FirePath with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(text(),'A')]/../../../../../..//div[@id='subtreeContainer_$div$fileFolder_div_ff8']//a[contains(text(),'B')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, that string does not work when I issue it from Selenium using find_elements_by_xpath(). (I use the plural version because several entries match (&quot;A&quot;, &quot;A1&quot;, &quot;A2&quot;) a single left fragment, just look for the one that I want in that list.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code that I wrote is basically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath = &quot;//&quot;&#xA;segments = [ &quot;A&quot;, &quot;B&quot;, &quot;C&quot;, ...]&#xA;for segment in segments:&#xA;  xpath += &quot;a[contains(text(),'%s')]&quot; % segment&#xA;  anchors = driver.find_elements_by_xpath(xpath)&#xA;  subTreeId = None&#xA;  for anchor in anchors:&#xA;    if anchor.text == segment:&#xA;      id = anchor.get_attribute(&quot;id&quot;)&#xA;      openId = &quot;open&quot; + id&#xA;      find_element_by_id(openId).click()&#xA;      subTreeId = &quot;subTreeId&quot; + id&#xA;      WebDriverWait(driver, 60).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, subTreeId)))&#xA;      xpath += &quot;/../../../../../..//div[@id='%s']//&quot; % subTreeId&#xA;      break&#xA;  if subTreeId is None:&#xA;     fail()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first iteration works and opens the first level of sub-tree, however, the second pass fails with this string:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(text(),'A')]/../../../../../..//div[@id='subtreeContainer_$div$fileFolder_div_ff8']//a[contains(text(),'B')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is the same as the one above and I can cut-n-paste this string into FirePath and it finds the node (nodes, actually, &quot;B&quot;, &quot;B1&quot;, &quot;B2&quot;, ...) - sorry to repeat myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thinking is that when I &quot;click&quot; the &quot;openId&quot; element, Selenium's concept of the &quot;current node&quot; changes and so should the xpath, however, I was not able to get that concept to work by not carrying the prior xpath forward (I changed the &quot;+=&quot; to just &quot;=&quot; for the xpath assignment just before the &quot;break&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks (again), I appreciate the help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11755" LastEditorUserId="11755" LastEditDate="2015-04-21T17:03:03.757" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T18:29:13.990" Title="Selenium webdriver with python - cannot find dynamic content" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12756" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-20T21:09:52.097" Score="2" ViewCount="1378" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement ELR = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;trades-list&quot;));&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list = driver.findElements(&#xA;  By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(@id,'trade-summary-92')]&quot;)&#xA;);&#xA;&#xA;String[] tradeId = null; &#xA;for(int i = 0; i &amp;lt; list.size(); i++ )&#xA;{&#xA;    String str = list.get(i).getAttribute(&quot;id&quot;);&#xA;    tradeId[i] = str.substring(23);&#xA;    System.out.println(tradeId[i]);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;str will contain following list is the output of &lt;code&gt;String str = list.get(i).getAttribute(&quot;id&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;trade-summary-92222&lt;br/&gt; &#xA;  trade-summary-93333&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  trade-summary-94444&lt;br/&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I want to print 92222, 93333, 94444 in the string tradeId. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting the following error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException:&#xA;  String index out of range: -4     at java.lang.String.substring(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.traderev.selenium.multipleBrowser.main(multipleBrowser.java:71)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11692" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-20T21:19:38.957" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T21:19:20.960" Title="How do I copy substring to array of strings" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12756" CreationDate="2015-04-20T21:31:46.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you come to 23 in &lt;code&gt;tradeId[i] = str.substring(23);&lt;/code&gt;, your strings like trade-summary-92222 are only 19 characters long, not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;19 - 23 = -4, which is what your errors says its can't find the last 4 characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For readability and a partial string you could use: &lt;code&gt;public String substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code would become:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tradeId[i] = str.substring(19-5, 19);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or try just this to get the last five&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tradeId[i] = str.substring(str.length() - 5);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or to prevent the exception if the string becomes shorter then 5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tradeId[i] = str.substring(Math.max(0, text.length()-5)); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tradeId[i] = str.substring(s.lastIndexOf('-') + 1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-20T21:31:46.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9042" CreationDate="2015-04-21T01:15:55.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No.  The issue here is that these mappings are not 1-1; in other words, there is no single, definitive mapping between these formats.  Each mapping requires additional heuristics that (I assume) are built into the conversion software you are interested in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, I think there is hope.  You can probably find APIs for extracting data from each of these formats.  You can use those APIs, along with knowledge of how your conversion software is supposed to behave, to test your conversion software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T01:15:55.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11862" CreationDate="2015-04-21T04:54:41.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer to use XPATH against CSS selectors, because in dynamic applications, the CSS can by changed. In this case, there is possibility to use Xpath locators with functions &lt;strong&gt;contains&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;starts-with&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ends-with&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.XPATH, '//element[contains[@attribute,'text']]')&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.XPATH, '//element[starts-with[@attribute,'text']]')&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.XPATH, '//element[ends-with[@attribute,'text']]')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;element&lt;/em&gt; - The HTML element &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;attribute&lt;/em&gt; - The HTML's inner attribute&#xA;(id, class, value..etc) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;text&lt;/em&gt; - Specific or unique text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11759" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T04:54:41.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9042" CreationDate="2015-04-21T07:14:57.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to user246 answer- languages like Perl or Python have libraries to read textual and non-textual formats like PDF, DOC or XML. Once you read the file into a data structure comparison is relatively easy, but keep in mind that reading itself converts the file to something new, and like user246  wrote there are no simple rules for conversion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T07:14:57.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12755" CreationDate="2015-04-21T07:31:57.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Refresh the browser AFTER clicking the '+' icon and then use find_element or find_elements functions. &#xA;Something like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;+&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.refresh()&#xA;elements = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name(&quot;a&quot;)&#xA;    for element in elements:&#xA;        if &quot;your_link&quot; in element.get_attribute('href'):&#xA;            element.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I faced a similar problem in finding the dynamically generated/displayed menu item and the above solution worked for me. This solution may not work if the menu collapses again after refreshing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11761" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T07:31:57.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12767" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-21T09:22:41.880" Score="2" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the following overarching purpose (mission statement) for an application:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In order to help keep a healthy and refreshing sleep regime, or in order to limit computer-related addictive behaviours, computer users can automatically lock their devices for certain befitting times in a tamper-proof manner.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would creating a Gherkin feature or scenario for the user request below (and later implementing it to pass) be unfitting and bloating the app or does this request actually fit under the scope of this app somehow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Could you please also provide the option to shut down the device on lockdown, not just lock it.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it does fit then how exactly is it linked to the overall value statement?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11763" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:21:29.317" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:21:29.317" Title="Outside or within remit - should a BDD scenario be created for this user request" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12702" CreationDate="2015-04-21T11:18:47.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think the By.ClassName does not support spaces in the selector.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the element is a new window, you first need to switchTo() the window, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10298841/webdriver-csharp-c-sharp-cannot-switch-between-windows&quot;&gt;see this for an example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;a[class='btn btn-sm blue']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(@class, 'btn') and contains(@class, 'btn-sm') and contains(@class, 'blue')]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T11:18:47.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12633" CreationDate="2015-04-21T11:45:15.967" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can define your reports via the commandline arguments of testrunner.  So for example if you want your report in HTML then just add -FHTML onto your runner &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a Pro only feature though;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;F : Sets the format of the report specified with the -R option, for Printable reports this is one of PDF, XLS, HTML, RTF, CSV, TXT, and XML. For Data Export this is either XML or CSV (SoapUI Pro only)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full list of arguments here&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/test-automation/running-functional-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.soapui.org/test-automation/running-functional-tests.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T11:45:15.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12699" CreationDate="2015-04-21T14:19:39.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To perform a 'mouse hover' action, you need to concatenate all of the actions that you want to achieve in one go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the actions object you should first move the menu title, and then move to the sub menu item and click it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my attempt at sample code to perform Mouse hover action using your paths;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;WebElement contentDropDownButton = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='topPane']/div[1]/div/*//*//*[text()[contains(.,'Content')]]&quot;)));&#xA;actions.moveToElement(contentDropDownButton);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement newButton = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[starts-with(@id, 'fw_dijit_UIPopupMenuItem')][text()[contains(.,'New')]]&quot;)));&#xA;actions.moveToElement(newButton);&#xA;actions.click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T14:19:39.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12266" CreationDate="2015-04-21T14:36:40.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To perform a 'mouse hover' action, you need to concatenate all of the actions that you want to achieve in one go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the actions object you should first move to the text box, and then move to the edit icon and click it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my attempt at sample code to perform Mouse hover;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Move to the Textbox    &#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    WebElement textbox = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.className(&quot;textbox&quot;)));&#xA;    actions.moveToElement(textbox);&#xA;&#xA;//Wait for the edit button to become available then click it    &#xA;    WebElement editButton = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.className(&quot;editButton&quot;)));&#xA;    actions.moveToElement(editButton);&#xA;    actions.click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-04-21T14:36:40.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6874" CreationDate="2015-04-21T15:03:53.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution I would use is the WebDriver's driver.switchTo().frame() method but avoiding the index number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can select the window you want using;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A number. (0 based index normally but NOT always with IE)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A name or ID.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A previously found WebElement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Head1&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-07-21T16:03:43.010" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T16:03:43.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12553" CreationDate="2015-04-22T05:55:57.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The meaning unfortunately depends on the company you are working for and on the methodology you are following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Referring to the testing in the scope of software development I'd say that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QAT is the verification performed by the supplier on the product or service under development. It can be composed by simple manual testing or it could be an entire framework of different tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UAT is the test suite that the final user will perform to accept the product, service. The UAT should be stated together with the customer before the project kick off, so that the development and qa team can have a clear idea about (independently from the user requirements specification) the customer needs and expectations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-22T06:53:44.280" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T06:53:44.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12649" CreationDate="2015-04-22T06:19:08.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not a typical load testing project when you need to create 100 thousand virtual users. More than half of all web load tests are conducted with just a thousand virtual users or less, because higher load is not actually anticipated on the target web site in production. Note that we are not talking about the number of users per day or hour. Those are concurrent users working with the web site simultaneously, in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the same time a huge load mentioned in the title of this article is not a fantasy. Such tests are really required for web sites with growing audience and advanced client functionality. Imagine any web site that delivers customizable user-dependent content updating dynamically: stock quotes, online meetings and chats, monitoring tools, etc. When a user of such web application leaves an open browser page, it keeps refreshing every minute sending a repeating request to the web site. In such case a typical user session may last for hours resulting in a rather big number of concurrent sessions at any time moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11666" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T06:19:08.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12777" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-22T08:04:11.970" Score="0" ViewCount="1401" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am investigating the use of Cucumber in my company, but I will need a good test management tool to store test results, and do reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone recommend a test management tool that can work with Cucumber?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note that I have taken a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2095/what-test-management-tool-to-manage-cucumber-tests&quot;&gt;What test management tool to manage Cucumber tests?&lt;/a&gt;. This was in 2012 and there is nothing suitable there that I can use, and I am hoping for an update on the info)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11775" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T17:12:43.560" Title="Test Management Tool for Cucumber" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12777" CreationDate="2015-04-22T08:11:57.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cucumber is your test-management tool, not? The scenario's are the test-cases for the requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the cucumber book&lt;/a&gt; explains how you can structure your features in a logical way to use it as documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you combine &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/masterthought/cucumber-reporting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cucumber-reporting&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; to run the cucumber steps and archive the results per build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3dwHq.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T08:11:57.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12706" CreationDate="2015-04-22T10:00:28.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used NUnit originally when I wrote my C# cases.  Turns out NUnit did Not support parallel running of cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is however &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=pnunit&amp;amp;r=2.5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PNUnit&lt;/a&gt; which does do what you want(now integrated into the latest NUnit but is still documented as PNUnit).  There is some documentation and examples &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.plasticscm.com/documentation/technical-articles/pnunit-parallel-nunit.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T10:00:28.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-22T10:31:08.640" Score="3" ViewCount="585" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying &lt;a href=&quot;http://eclipse.org/jubula/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jubula&lt;/a&gt; to automate test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have connected to UAT agent and started. But, Start object mapping mode is not clickable. I created test case and added component but I don't map with aut(application under test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to start object mapping mode in Jubula?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11781" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-23T08:34:42.283" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T08:34:42.283" Title="How to start object mapping mode in Jubula?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;jubula&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12781" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-22T11:44:38.567" Score="2" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;wcf client test&#xA;I am using wcf test client in vs 2010 tools. &#xA;First when i started tool, values came with null.&#xA;I want to change value's dropdownlist with my default values.&#xA;How can i do it?&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ttFjj.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11782" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T21:57:46.903" Title="wcf client test in vs 2010 tools" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8422" CreationDate="2015-04-22T15:38:21.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you're looking for is called a javascript profiler. Most modern browsers include some kind of a profiler with their developer toolkits. Here are some links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/cpu-profiling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chrome JS Profiler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Profiler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Firefox JS Profiler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good code profiler (JS or not) will tell you who started what function call (stack trace or call tree), how long the particular function was running and possibly what resources it is using over time. Some profilers do flame charts which are a great way to visualize resource utilization and latency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a screenshot from Chrome JS Profiler:&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B0dPu.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11750" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T15:38:21.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12784" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-22T18:50:41.527" Score="0" ViewCount="2259" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm starting to build a set of simple automated tests. &#xA;I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.yahoo.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the first line (where I instantiate the WebDriver), I am getting the following exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/common/base/Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What have I missed? I know what &lt;code&gt;NoClassDefFoundError&lt;/code&gt; means - the class can't be found, but I'm not familiar with the class in question here. I have selenium-java-2.45.0 on my buildpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11787" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-04-22T20:00:26.887" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T13:40:40.223" Title="Unable to launch firefox with Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12756" CreationDate="2015-04-22T21:19:20.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are getting a nullpointer exception because you're trying to assign values to index locations in a null array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This statement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String[] tradeId = null; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String[] tradeId = new String[list.size()]; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so when you later do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tradeId[i] = str.substring(s.lastIndexOf('-') + 1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will be a space in the array reserved for that value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T21:19:20.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12784" CreationDate="2015-04-22T21:20:16.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You also need &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.45/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenium-server-standalone-version.jar&lt;/a&gt;, because the tests run against a Selenium server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test starts the server, then it starts the test, the server starts the browsers and the test communicates over the server to the browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duplicate of &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5134953/noclassdeffounderror-in-java-com-google-common-base-function&quot;&gt;this SO question&lt;/a&gt;, this also contains possible other solutions, it describes possible other jars needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead I would use &lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt; as it downloads all depencies for you, see this blog post to get you started: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wunderkraut.com/blog/creating-and-running-a-simple-selenium-webdriver-test/2011-09-15&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wunderkraut.com/blog/creating-and-running-a-simple-selenium-webdriver-test/2011-09-15&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T21:20:16.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12781" CreationDate="2015-04-22T21:57:46.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://dotnetmentors.com/how-to-start-with-creating-wcf-services-and-test-using-wcftestclient.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt; (bullet 11. Testing WCF Service with WCFTestClient) you should double click the request in the left three where you can setup input and the expected response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-22T21:57:46.903" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12633" CreationDate="2015-04-23T04:46:04.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used maven sure fire report plugin and this question and the answer explains how i did it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29671601/maven-sure-fire-plugin-report-empty&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29671601/maven-sure-fire-plugin-report-empty&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11646" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T04:46:04.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12792" CreationDate="2015-04-23T06:22:41.817" Score="0" ViewCount="21014" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a collection of media item on a web page and all media items have the same class.  The elements do not have IDs.  I do not want use XPath selectors.  When I use class name, it will pick only the first item, but I want click on the second item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement ele = wd.findElement(By.className(&quot;vfmThumbnail&quot;));&#xA;ele.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11783" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-23T14:13:59.643" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T14:13:59.643" Title="how to iterate over a collection of items in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12790" CreationDate="2015-04-23T06:53:20.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want all elements that match your selector, use &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt;. This will return a list which you can iterate through.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List rows = wd.findElements(By.className(&quot;vfmThumbnail&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2015-04-23T06:58:47.440" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T06:58:47.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12790" CreationDate="2015-04-23T07:16:27.207" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to use &lt;strong&gt;driver.&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.html#findElements-org.openqa.selenium.By-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;findElements&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; instead. It returns a list of all WebElements. All means also the not visible elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here some code to iterate thru the list and only do something with the displayed items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements = driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;vfmThumbnail&quot;));&#xA;java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; i = elements.iterator();&#xA;while(i.hasNext()) {&#xA;    WebElement element = i.next();&#xA;    if (element.isDisplayed()) {&#xA;      // Do something with the element&#xA;    }&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-23T12:59:35.103" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T12:59:35.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12780" CreationDate="2015-04-23T08:27:30.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The prerequisites for starting the object mapping mode are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;project is created and opened&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a connection has been made to the AUT Agent (if this is successful, the &quot;Stop AUT Agent&quot; button on the toolbar will be enabled)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an AUT has been configured via the project properties&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the AUT has been started. Your AUT is successfully started if the AUT can be seen to be running, and it is listed in the &quot;Running AUTs&quot; view.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typical problems can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;when working with RCP AUTs: the prerequisite steps to configure the application have not been made. These are documented in the user manual and mentioned in this FAQ: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testing.bredex.de/faqs/how-do-i-configure-jubula-to-test-rcp-applications.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testing.bredex.de/faqs/how-do-i-configure-jubula-to-test-rcp-applications.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One of the required steps mentioned above has been missed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11794" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T08:27:30.090" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2015-04-23T11:18:22.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you will benefit if you research the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Basics of Java (as pointed out in other answers): &#xA;You may need to know some libraries/concepts like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apache POI: To read/write to excel files, in case you read test data from an excel file and pass it to your test script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XML Parsing: In case you pass test data from an XML file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestNG: Testing framework with a reporting structure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ATU Graphical Reporter (just a suggestion): This goes well with TestNG and gives great reports.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;XPath and Css-Selectors - Here, I mean you should be able to construct well formed XPath and CSS-Selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;External Tools like  AutoITx4Java or AutoIT - You may need to know this tool in case a part of your script deals with Windows popups. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T11:18:22.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12796" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-23T13:23:11.507" Score="2" ViewCount="7532" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know there is a difference between assert and verify in Junit; the assert results in a runtime exception, causing test method execution to abort. To overcome this problem, we can have verify which will make test case fail, but allowing test execution to proceed rather than getting aborted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I doubt there is any such built in approach in testNG. I do understand that best practices say, there should not be multiple asserts in same test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, in practical world, we do come across scenarios where we need to have multiple checkpoints in one test case and we don't want our test method to abort because of one check point failure (test execution should proceed despite failure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we use a soft assert mechanism, similar to verify, which will not abort test method when there is a checkpoint failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;getMailUrl&quot;)&#xA;public void testMail(email,subject);&#xA;Assert.assertFalse(subject.isEmpty);//1st checkpoint&#xA;Assert.assertNotNull(email); //2nd checkpoint&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(email, &quot;feedback@yoursite.com&quot;); //3rd checkpoint&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I want test execution to proceed, even if the 1st checkpoint (validation of subject being not empty) fails. Definitely we will be not be using assert (hard assert). We will need concept of soft assert similar to verify (facilitated by Junit). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand, we have to build a customListener implementing TestNG interfaces or extending existing listeners such as TestListenerAdapter.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am still struggling - how can we do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9357" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-04-24T12:24:06.650" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T12:32:59.410" Title="How can I ensure testNG test method does not abort if any assert fails" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12784" CreationDate="2015-04-23T13:40:40.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you need to add the &quot;selenium-server-standalone-version.jar&quot; since your server runs against that. I guess you would have added &quot;selenium-java-version.jar&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11799" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T13:40:40.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12796" CreationDate="2015-04-23T14:08:33.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using asserts just use ifs. If its a fail add an error string to a temp array. At the end of the test assert that the temp array is empty, as the fail reason print out the strings in the array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure why you would continue the test after the first fail, since it failed someone needs to look into anyways. The fixer should run the full test after fixing and see what else is broken as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T14:08:33.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12012" CreationDate="2015-04-23T14:23:37.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally its recommended to keep them outside the application environment itself.  In part because the running of the tests will confuse results (for example if you are testing the response time of the system then the load of the test runner will directly skew results)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can kick off the run on code changes using a build server such as TFS/Jenkins/Bamboo.  This would also allow you to run separate suites if your changes relate to backend or frontend systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T14:23:37.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11707" CreationDate="2015-04-23T14:35:12.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could create a test that checks the following when a file is created:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new File(filePath).exists()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case its false just throw an exception.  If you want that as a JUnit then just wrap it in an assert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read up more on the File Class I used in the example &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/io/File.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T14:35:12.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-23T14:39:30.780" Score="3" ViewCount="525" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in an &quot;Agile&quot; environment and as the developer, I have been asked by QA to write some test cases and to extensively review existing ones. This seems very backwards to me. Am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11800" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T01:52:02.707" Title="Should the development team ever write test cases or review them in depth?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12802" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12806" CreationDate="2015-04-23T14:55:28.547" Score="0" ViewCount="12131" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I loop a different string into the email field, or a variable without actually having to make a list that consist of 100 different emails. For example is there a way i can send &lt;em&gt;money@qa.test&lt;/em&gt; to the email field then &lt;em&gt;money1@qa.test&lt;/em&gt; and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException&#xA;import unittest&#xA;class CreateAccount(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    def setUp(self):&#xA;        global driver&#xA;        driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;        driver.implicitly_wait(10)&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.copy.com&quot;)&#xA;        driver.maximize_window()&#xA;&#xA;def test_main(self):&#xA;    createNewAccount = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;/html/body/main/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/form/div[5]/div[1]/a&quot;)&#xA;    createNewAccount.click()&#xA;&#xA;    firstName = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dom_id_3']&quot;)&#xA;    lastName = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dom_id_4']&quot;)&#xA;    emailField = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dom_id_5']&quot;)&#xA;    passwordField = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dom_id_6']&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    submitButton = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;/html/body/main/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/form/button&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    firstName.send_keys(&quot;mike&quot;)&#xA;    lastName.send_keys(&quot;mano&quot;)&#xA;    emailField.send_keys(&quot;money@qa.test&quot;)&#xA;    passwordField.send_keys(&quot;test12&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    submitButton.click()&#xA;&#xA;    try:&#xA;       xpath = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;/html/body/main/div/article[2]/div[4]/header/div[2]/div/div[4]/a&quot;)&#xA;       print(&quot;Yeah&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    except NoSuchElementException:&#xA;       print(&quot;Failed&quot;)&#xA;       raise Exception(NoSuchElementException)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;def tearDown(self):&#xA;   driver.quit()&#xA;&#xA;if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:&#xA;    unittest.main(warnings='ignore')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11603" LastEditorUserId="11603" LastEditDate="2015-04-23T15:40:19.113" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T21:46:31.127" Title="Python selenium - how can I loop a function to make 100 Copy accounts using different emails" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12801" CreationDate="2015-04-23T15:26:48.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Agile teams need to be &lt;a href=&quot;https://kenschwaber.wordpress.com/2013/11/03/cross-functional-teams/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cross-functional&lt;/a&gt;, its handy if the team members itself are also cross-functional in their &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agileskillsproject.org/skill-levels/charts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile skills&lt;/a&gt; including testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing you want to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrumalliance.org/community/articles/2012/january/a-sprint-is-not-a-mini-waterfall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;prevent is having a mini-waterfall within a sprint&lt;/a&gt;. This leads to all the testing to be pushed into the end of the sprint, which could in turn bring your sprint commitments in danger. Start testing as soon as possible and prevent testing bottle-necks in the team is a must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developer role is more then just stamping out code, personally I think there is a 33% rule, where work is spread out over your time in these three main groups:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirements&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand why and for who you are building it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coding&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing sessions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated integration / GUI tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The order can be mixed, certainly if you apply &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_programming_practices#Test_driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XP practices like TDD&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I get the feeling you are asked to write and review manual test-cases.&#xA;Focus on automating all test-cases (if possible), this is necessary to have a potential ship-able product after each iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So creating test-cases in a TDD or &lt;a href=&quot;http://guide.agilealliance.org/guide/bdd.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BDD&lt;/a&gt; like manor to be able to automate them during the sprint seems like something everyone in the team should do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reviewing older test-cases might also be necessary. Just like you have good reasons to clean and re-factor older code, do the same with your test-cases. Similar to code-reviews, review if the test-cases make sense, just like everything made by humans it will have a mistake here and there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And last but not least: Quality is owned by the team, not just your QA person in the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-23T20:54:04.230" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T20:54:04.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12715" CreationDate="2015-04-23T15:45:28.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe as simple as the element hasnt loaded yet.  Try putting a wait in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;location of the element&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to add this step in before your verify text step. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-04-26T15:58:49.233" LastActivityDate="2015-04-26T15:58:49.233" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12215" CreationDate="2015-04-23T16:11:31.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first two navigation measurements are client side, browser rendering and possibly javascript execution. You can use browser developer tools and javascript profiling toolbox to measure these interactions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ref:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome timeline: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/timeline&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/timeline&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome JS Profiler: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/cpu-profiling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/cpu-profiling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox Timeline: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Timeline&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Timeline&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firebug: &lt;a href=&quot;http://getfirebug.com/network&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://getfirebug.com/network&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox JS Profiler: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Profiler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Profiler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what your drop-down does but for reports and enquiries, there is server interaction involved now. There are two parts to this. The server call/response and the front end drawing and rendering. The draw/render part you can use the same tools as above to evaluate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The server call/response will have to be tested separately, under concurrent call conditions. You will have to simulate a condition where several users are making calls to the server at the same time, and monitor how the server behaves and how quickly (or slowly) it is able to respond.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some free/open source tools that enables this type of testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Grinder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gattling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some popular commercial tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HP LoadRunner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IBM Rational Performance Tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Microsoft Visual Studio Team Suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11750" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T16:11:31.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12802" CreationDate="2015-04-23T16:23:19.633" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're trying to register 100 accounts, this is a simple addition to your code to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for i in range(100):&#xA;    email_address = &quot;money&quot; + str(i) + &quot;@qa.test&quot;&#xA;    firstName.send_keys(&quot;mike&quot;)&#xA;    lastName.send_keys(&quot;mano&quot;)&#xA;    emailField.send_keys(email_address)&#xA;    passwordField.send_keys(&quot;test12&quot;)&#xA;    submitButton.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T16:23:19.633" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3250" CreationDate="2015-04-23T17:35:07.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the MonkeyTalk website currently they do support HTML reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk/features-benefits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the feature list&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;HTML, XML, xUnit reporting for tests and suites&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MonkeyTalk provides detailed and summary reporting, with screenshots&#xA;  that let you zero in on test failures. Reports come ready-to-view in&#xA;  HTML with complete, step-by-step detail. MonkeyTalk's summary reports&#xA;  are compatible with the popular &quot;xUnit&quot; standards, allowing&#xA;  integration with all popular management tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems they worked on these features somewhere in 2013 and it seems finished as we speak: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/content/how-write-passfail-html-report-monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/content/how-write-passfail-html-report-monkeytalk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-23T17:35:07.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12801" CreationDate="2015-04-24T01:02:01.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is unusual, but then so is the composition of your team.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You didn't say how much detail you are expected to include in your test cases.  It may be enough to write each test case as a single, declarative sentence, and then leave it up to your QA team to execute.  That way, you give your QA team a sense for what to test but you don't spend too much of your scarce time on test cases.  (You also avoid writing details that may change in the next release.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question title asks whether the dev team should ever review test cases in depth.  It think it's reasonable for the dev team to review the goal of every test case.  If the dev team is reviewing step-by-step, click this then type that, kind of instructions, it may be time to think about changing the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-24T01:52:02.707" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T01:52:02.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12553" CreationDate="2015-04-24T09:50:28.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA (Quality Assurance Testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technology Oriented Tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional Component&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integrated features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements specification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design Specification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interface level entry points&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis testing tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI end to end features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prior to UAT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UAT (user acceptance testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business Oriented Testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business Scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real World business needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI end to end features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Final and Integrated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prior to signoff/prod deployment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11666" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-24T09:55:32.743" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T09:55:32.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12796" CreationDate="2015-04-24T12:00:16.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG has a feature called &lt;em&gt;soft assert&lt;/em&gt;. This kind of assert doesn't stop the test when assert is failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First initialize it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.asserts.Assertion;&#xA;import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert;&#xA;&#xA;public class MyTest {&#xA;  private SoftAssert softAssert = new SoftAssert();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then use it in your test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;getMailUrl&quot;)&#xA;public void testMail(email,subject) &#xA;softAssert.assertFalse(subject.isEmpty);//1st checkpoint&#xA;softAssert.assertNotNull(email); //2nd checkpoint&#xA;softAssert.assertEquals(email, &quot;feedback@yoursite.com&quot;); //3rd checkpoint&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-24T12:32:59.410" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T12:32:59.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12813" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-24T13:34:57.530" Score="2" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've done a bit of vbscripting in the past to automate tasks as a sys admin and recently I've taken a position in QA and really want to double down on scripting common tasks for repeated tests; both for myself as well to delegate project work to other people and minimize training. (&quot;go here, do this, launch this, tell me what happens.&quot;) Most of what needs to be done is setting up tests in a web app and then poking some things on a kiosk and scanning some barcodes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had an ingenious idea convert my scripting from vb to js and use flex my jQuery knowledge so my scripts would be browser agnostic. This doesn't work for a couple reasons. You can't import js outside of the browser, and jQuery requires a window with a document. I've looked into testing platforms like Selenium as well as PhantomJS/SlimerJS/CasperJS and they all require an installation of some sort. Especially if I want to eventually automate actions on kiosks installations are out of the question. I'd also prefer avoiding installing on the testers PCs so much that I'd rather just continue to vbscript for IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone point me toward a solution I might be overlooking? Perhaps a portable automation app, or vbscript library which won't care what browser may be opened when the script is launched?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11806" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-24T15:48:27.037" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T15:48:27.037" Title="Browser Independent Automation Library" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12813" CreationDate="2015-04-24T15:08:42.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are overlooking is one simple fact: if solution what you half-proposed was feasible, Google engineers would be working to make it available for last few years. And in my experience they are VERY smart, it is futile to try to outsmart them (at least for me - maybe you are much smarter).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browsers &lt;strong&gt;ARE&lt;/strong&gt; genuinely different, and packing all the differences in one module, so any browser can be used from Selenium using same API  &lt;strong&gt;is amazing&lt;/strong&gt;. It is called adapter design pattern. Also, Selenium is coming W3C standard for browser automation, so just get used to it, I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-04-24T15:08:42.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12815" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-25T10:29:34.477" Score="8" ViewCount="8155" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a a streaming application that I am going to test. I don't really know how to do this. Do I need a special plugin (if so, why)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is it difficult to record a scenario for streaming a video, and you need a special plugin instead? Why is it difficult to simulate with just recording?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples are HLS or other streaming technologies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T02:58:19.730" LastActivityDate="2019-11-06T23:51:11.720" Title="How do you stress test a video streaming app?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12816" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-25T10:47:27.147" Score="1" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter web driver is used for measuring performance metrics of browsers, but it requires writing of scripts. Is there any way I could record these scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11809" LastEditorUserId="11809" LastEditDate="2015-04-30T12:23:20.317" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T13:37:48.417" Title="Jmeter plugin webdriver sampler" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12815" CreationDate="2015-04-26T06:23:31.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that you can start with &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-http-live-media-streaming-hls-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Load Test HTTP Live Media Streaming (HLS) with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide followed by what dzieciou suggests if there still will be open questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-26T06:23:31.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12818" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-26T06:28:39.227" Score="3" ViewCount="1080" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter has a webdriver sampler. We have to write the scripts. We have scripts written in opkey, a selenium based tool. Can we integrate both of them. So that we don't have to write scripts in jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11809" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T13:04:11.113" Title="Jmeter Web driver sampler" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12816" CreationDate="2015-04-26T06:49:10.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the moment it is not possible to record these scripts. There is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; project which can record browser actions and export the recording into several programming languages, however supported languages list doesn't include JavaScript. Besides Selenium IDE produces quite &quot;dirty&quot; code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would suggest developing scripts from scratch. A lot of code snippets  for the most common actions mostly in Java are available over the web. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver JavaDoc&lt;/a&gt; is a good start and &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt; guide for the most commonly asked queries followed by solutions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-26T06:49:10.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12820" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-26T13:10:24.647" Score="0" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;For one of my uni projects I have to test and compare how different protocols handle audio and video data transfer. So I have protocols like RTP, RTMP and RTSP. What should I do to test them myself and get information about data loss, transfer speed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11814" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:54:15.900" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:54:15.900" Title="How do I test protocol data transfer speed and data loss?" Tags="&lt;protocols&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12820" CreationDate="2015-04-27T07:13:53.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use a network impairment tool, for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/netem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;netem&lt;/a&gt; on Linux,to introduce data loss or bandwidth limitations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T07:13:53.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12825" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-27T11:29:24.590" Score="2" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am searching for fast ways to log into web applications(or start being logged).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applications use cookie authentication stored in db that expire after some time. Magic url for login instantly is not allowed option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer start being logged into application(without log in every time). I prefer solution that not change applications login elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think about changing cookie expire time in database, still I want to to know how other solve simillar problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7205" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T19:43:44.873" Title="Fast login to application (magic url alternatives)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12818" CreationDate="2015-04-27T13:04:11.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure what language is being used in opkey, JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverTutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; currently supports only JavaScript via &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/Rhino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSR223 / Mozilla Rhino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt; to learn how to implement the most common activities in JavaScript. I believe that some refactoring will be still required, however using regex replacements if may be done relatively fast. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-27T13:04:11.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12828" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12837" CreationDate="2015-04-28T06:09:27.457" Score="1" ViewCount="621" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a startup with a limited number of developers [4-5]. We work on all open source platforms like Java, jQuery, Springs for development of web based applications. For integration, we use Github. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being the only tester, it is quite difficult to prepare a proper test plan for the team. Also we follow an agile process for development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest to me what type of testing you would prefer: manual or automated? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking forward to automated processes. Can you suggest which architecture is suitable for such a type of team &amp;amp; testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also welcome suggestions about unit testing, continue testing, functional, performance and load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need suggestions and direction with all your experience and efforts in this field. I am currently working with Selenium, Jmeter, BlazeMeter and Eclipse for testing but manual work seems more time-consuming. Development and testing should be managed properly and efficiently [proper time constraint].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T12:02:24.947" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T13:25:48.167" Title="How to perform Testing Process-Automation/ manual -web application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12828" CreationDate="2015-04-28T07:11:09.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all in agile environment there should not be any question related to responsibility of QA work. You all guys are more or less equally responsible for testing. Where developers should take care of writing unit tests along with Automated UI tests. For my organization we are using Node.Js based UI testing tool (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt;) so the developers are quite comfortable in writing UI tests along with their development tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you asked what kind of testing you should prefer, I'll say an ideal practice of testing should contain number of tests in following order: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unit Test &gt; Component Test &gt; Integration Test &gt; Automate GUI Test &gt;&#xA;  Manual Test &gt; E2E Test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You guys should concentrate more on writing unit tests for your application and manual work should be done only for smoke testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Framework: At the moment POM (&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page object model&lt;/a&gt;) framework looks good for selenium UI test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to recommend few urls where you can find better idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/agile.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Practice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing strategy for microservice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page Object&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://watirmelon.com/tag/testing-pyramid/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing Pyramid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11219" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T07:11:09.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12831" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-28T07:37:33.683" Score="0" ViewCount="551" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test my site on mobile and tab devices. But I don't have any real device for it.&#xA;Please help me to find a cloud device testing tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9027" LastEditorUserId="8767" LastEditDate="2015-04-29T10:47:09.673" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T15:13:11.000" Title="How to find good cloud device testing tool?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11529" CreationDate="2015-04-28T08:35:45.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to access the element on which the clicks are getting missed using CSS selector rather that id or xpath. This worked for me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11827" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T08:35:45.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12833" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12834" CreationDate="2015-04-28T08:52:53.330" Score="0" ViewCount="9480" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I use case when hub and node are on the same network - here is how I do this:&#xA;launch hub: &lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.45.0.jar -role hub -port 4444&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;launch node:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.45.0.jar -role webdriver&#xA;-port 5555 -hub http://MY_IP:4444/grid/register -nodeTimeout 960 &#xA;-nodePolling 5 -unregistIfStillDownAfter 20000 &#xA;-browser browserName=&quot;chrome,version=42,maxInstances=1,platform=WINDOWS&quot; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so it works fine, but if node is in other network - lets say - at my home PC, I can't connect that node to my hub that is located at my work PC.&#xA;For this purpose I've got from my admin an external IP, this time I could access hub from other network - in my &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:4444/grid/console&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:4444/grid/console&lt;/a&gt; now I can see that remote node as failed: Operation timed out &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what should be done more to configure and to establish connection?&#xA;Appreciate you help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6568" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T11:17:39.980" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T11:17:39.980" Title="How to connect node to hub that are in different networks" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12833" CreationDate="2015-04-28T11:15:52.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally both your home and the company networks are fire-walled, letting no external traffic in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two possible solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Poke holes in the company firewall for Selenium traffic back and forth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a VPN-tunnel between both&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Poking holes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure the firewall and routers forward any traffic on port 4444 to the company internal Selenium hub &lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt; the HUB computer has a external ip and is not blocking traffic on port 444&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure only the home IP can connect to these rules. You don't want the whole internet to connect to your Selenium hub.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VPN tunnel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your home systems makes a VPN connection to the company network, now the home computer acts if it is on the company network.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect to the hub with the internal IP address, just like you would&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would &lt;strong&gt;prefer the VPN solution&lt;/strong&gt;, its more secure, better to maintain and easier to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also keep in mind, firewalls have dozens of possible rules which could interfere with the traffic going back and forth. This is not really a testing question since its about connecting a client and a server from a home to an company network. Using selenium does not really matter, since it uses a basic client/server model. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For analysing network issues its better to post a question on one of the other SE network sites. Or just ask your network administrator to assist you in more detail, he/she should be able to get this working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.saucelabs.com/reference/sauce-connect/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sauce-Connect&lt;/a&gt;, instead of using your own home-computer utilize the machines of SauceLabs over a tunnel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T11:15:52.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12825" CreationDate="2015-04-28T11:22:15.667" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;? It is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Free and open source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mutithreaded by design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cookie-manager-jmeter-not-cookie-jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to deal with cookie-based authentication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTML_Link_Parser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML Link Parser&lt;/a&gt; so it could act like a spider&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T11:22:15.667" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12828" CreationDate="2015-04-28T13:25:48.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope your team understands that &lt;strong&gt;you cannot &quot;assure&quot; quality by testing&lt;/strong&gt; - quality must be designed and coded in, and &lt;strong&gt;&quot;A&quot; in QA stands for &quot;Assistance&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; - you can provide information what is current status of quality, if it improves or not, and suggestions how to improve your internal procedures to improve quality in the most effective way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;strong&gt;for a startup, time to market is the most important metrics,&lt;/strong&gt; if your customers are willing to tolerate some glitches (but not too many, because &lt;strong&gt;you are building also brand name recognition.&lt;/strong&gt; If users dislike what they see, they may decide it is not worth, and will badmouth your product even later when quality improved.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will take you time to establish process and procedures for automated testing, so you will likely &lt;strong&gt;start with manual testing, and try to automate parts which makes most sense:&lt;/strong&gt; takes most time, are used in multiple areas/paths, most straightforward. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, you unlikely will be able to write automated tests to all the features 4 developers are able to implement - so most of your time will be spent manual testing. It may even make sense to have &lt;strong&gt;separate manual tester&lt;/strong&gt; (who needs to understand problem area, but not how to write the code) and developer of automated tests (who needs to be a coder, but does not require knowledge of all the libraries which code app uses). Different skillsets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit tests should be written by person who knows tested unit the best - it's developer,&lt;/strong&gt; as he writes unit's code (or even before coding, test first, as in test-driven development - google is your friend). Developers should also help you establish continuous integration process - always do only what causes most pain and has best return to time invested. Don't worry too much about architecture (just avoid obvious stupid mistakes), focus on speed to market. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is team effort. But you (as coder for testing) can specialize on automated UI tests (because they require specialized knowledge, unrelated to knowledge of internal core libraries of your system as your developers need) and &lt;strong&gt;tools needed to improve the process.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T13:25:48.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-28T13:26:01.473" Score="2" ViewCount="708" Body="&lt;p&gt;Part of my verification checks include verifying log files on Linux machines.&#xA;When entering a defect sometimes the log files also contain useful information.&#xA;With Putty I create a remote shell on the machine, however verifying each log file with Grep, Tail or MultiTail is a tedious job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know of tools that allow following scenarios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Present the log files in an webapplication on my Linux machine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Present the Linux log files in a Windows application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitor automatically the log files while monitoring for a trigger condition that I can set, so that I get a message somehow. Since the types of logs are quite different, it is difficult to say exactly which trigger condition. A regular expression would be most flexible of course.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had expected these would exist, but a websearch didn't return much beyond tail -f.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11833" LastEditorUserId="11833" LastEditDate="2015-04-28T14:24:04.213" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T08:18:40.923" Title="How to monitor Linux log files on Windows?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12838" CreationDate="2015-04-28T14:24:34.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;much beyond tail -f&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is THE best answer, I am not a Linux expert, nor is this in the scope of this SE and the original question is too wide. But Linux has one of the best log processing tool sets, tail being part of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example you can use tail -f with grep then redirect the output to a file will create a trigger for you. Using Lucas example-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tail -f file | grep --line-buffered my_pattern &gt; trigget-file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can track it from windows using remote shell, or even by sharing the directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If going through multiple log files is tedious than use a shell script to do it for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2015-04-29T08:18:40.923" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T08:18:40.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12840" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-28T14:54:19.587" Score="2" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing can sometimes get tricky. Especially when the application is very complex. I am currently working on a project and I have no idea how to test this. I work a lot with CMS based websites and intranets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very security-heavy application. Very similar to this one: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.behaviosec.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.behaviosec.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The security is in the unique way that the user enters information,&#xA;  similar to a digital fingerprint. The unique identifier is your&#xA;  behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application registers your movements. Your speed, pressure and many other variables. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Merely recording and load-testing this wont work, so I have to manually script this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any solutions? I am using JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11837" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-06-28T19:28:49.540" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T08:41:50.090" Title="How to load test a very complex, security heavy application?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12838" CreationDate="2015-04-28T19:23:21.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try this approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tail -f file | grep --line-buffered my_pattern&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should meet all 3 criteria, given a robust enough regex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I originally learned this from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7161821/how-to-grep-a-continuous-stream&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7161821/how-to-grep-a-continuous-stream&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-04-28T19:23:21.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12843" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12853" CreationDate="2015-04-28T23:21:04.763" Score="2" ViewCount="1332" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi so currently I'm working with Selenium webdriver in Eclipse.. I'm testing a web app and having data driven from an excel sheet. There is optional information and you can click 'ADD' and then a pop up comes up.  Is it possible to say something like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;ADD&quot;)).click();&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;actions.sendkeys(SSN).perform(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but only have it do this if SSN data is present on the excel sheet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11693" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-29T17:01:32.723" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T17:01:32.723" Title="How to click on element only if data exists in excel table?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2015-05-06T16:06:47.647" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12845" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-29T08:03:06.277" Score="2" ViewCount="9801" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem. I would like to do &lt;strong&gt;sequential http request with JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;with simultaneous users&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example : I've got 100 users and at the same time they try to do :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do stuff 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do stuff 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this order : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my results I don't want to have &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User 1 do : login, stuff 1, stuff 2, logout, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;after that &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User 2 do : login, stuff 1, stuff 2, logout, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to have &lt;strong&gt;at the same time User 1 and 2 try to login&lt;/strong&gt; after that they do their stuff and logout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in my results I can have this &lt;strong&gt;example&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Login user 1 &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Login user 2 &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Stuff 1 user 1 &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Stuff 2 user 1 &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Stuff 1 user 2 &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Stuff 2 user 2 &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Logout user 2 &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Logout user 1 &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11842" LastEditorUserId="11834" LastEditDate="2015-04-30T10:41:32.283" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T11:25:56.730" Title="JMeter test simultaneous users with sequential requests" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12840" CreationDate="2015-04-29T08:35:11.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Beyond the regular web functionality like login, navigation through the site, launch I would suggest using hardware simulation to fake mouse and keyboard inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the easiest solution will be one of the single board computers like Raspberry Pi, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=41&amp;amp;t=13874&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt; this thread for example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T08:35:11.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12831" CreationDate="2015-04-29T11:40:00.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/features/#features-manual-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://testingbot.com/features/manual-browser-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestingBot&lt;/a&gt; support manual and automated testing on real devices over the internet. You get a session to the device and can interact with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; offers a similar service, but on virtualized devices. The other providers give the feelings its on real devices, but they could be virutalized too. This might also be something you could do yourself for free: &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/tools/devices/emulator.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://developer.android.com/tools/devices/emulator.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also check the &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/ripple-emulator-beta/geelfhphabnejjhdalkjhgipohgpdnoc?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ripple Emulator&lt;/a&gt; if your main focus is to test how your-sites look at different resolutions and mobile-browser features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-04-29T12:01:00.780" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T12:01:00.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7361" CreationDate="2015-04-29T13:23:49.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void waitForElementPresent(By locator) {&#xA;    try{&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(locator));&#xA;&#xA;    }catch(TimeoutException timeout){&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt;= 30; i++) {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                boolean exists=false;&#xA;                driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;                driver.findElement(locator);&#xA;                exists=true;&#xA;                if (exists) {&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                } &#xA;                driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;                // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;                if(i==30){&#xA;                    throw e;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11847" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T13:23:49.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11885" CreationDate="2015-04-29T15:54:27.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing GUI testing automation for native desktop applications and I use &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/pywinauto/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pywinauto&lt;/a&gt; Python library based on Win32 API. Code looks very pythonic and human readable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there were some pitfalls: pywinauto supported 32-bit only and it's not frequently updated (latest major update was at 2006). I had to port it to &lt;strong&gt;64-bit&lt;/strong&gt;, but now it meets all our requirements. Our current &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pywinauto/pywinauto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;version of pywinauto&lt;/a&gt; works on &lt;strong&gt;Python 3.x&lt;/strong&gt; as well. And we have plans to implement UI Automation API extensions to support WPF and many other apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pywinauto can capture screenshot of any control with Pillow or PIL package. So we use image comparison for some specific custom controls containing advanced graphics. Of course, we keep some balance between gold images storage size and time of its manual update if there are some acceptable changes in graphics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11848" LastEditorUserId="11848" LastEditDate="2015-06-16T11:44:42.447" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T11:44:42.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12851" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12852" CreationDate="2015-04-29T16:33:42.187" Score="44" ViewCount="202275" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This is a canonical question, intended to provide a comprehensive answer to many related questions&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the course of a Webdriver test, I want to upload files. However, this opens a native file picker, which Webdriver doesn't seem to support interacting with. How do I interact with it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:04:11.107" Title="How can I work with file uploads during a Webdriver test?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="19" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12851" CreationDate="2015-04-29T16:33:42.187" Score="38" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Uploading files using Webdriver&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: this answer applies to Selenium 2. Apparently Selenium 3 changed the interface again.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Locally&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the file is on the same machine or a mapped network drive, this is actually really straightforward: You need to &amp;quot;type&amp;quot; the path to the file into the file upload control. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;element = driver.find_element_by_id(&amp;quot;fileUpload&amp;quot;)&#xA;element.send_keys(&amp;quot;C:\myfile.txt&amp;quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Code from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/6129464/719165&quot;&gt;This SO answer&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Using RemoteWebDriver&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to enable the transfer of the file from your local machine to the remote machine so it can be uploaded, you need to set what's called a File Detector. Java example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.setFileDetector(new LocalFileDetector());&#xA;    WebElement upload = driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;myfile&amp;quot;));&#xA;    upload.sendKeys(&amp;quot;/Users/sso/the/local/path/to/darkbulb.jpg&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Code from, and more information located at, &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/resources/selenium-file-upload&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T12:22:42.567" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12843" CreationDate="2015-04-29T16:55:43.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would do this the same way you do any other conditional in Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (!SSN.isEmpty()) { //Assuming SSN is a string variable &#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;ADD&quot;)).click();&#xA;    actions.sendkeys(SSN).perform();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a basic programming question; as such, I would suggest picking up a book or an online course about Java programming, as it will help you with your automation tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T16:55:43.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12825" CreationDate="2015-04-29T17:49:49.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You seem to be doing tests that verify the user's frontend experience, correct? Functional tests of some sort? That means you're probably going to have to authenticate like a user would, at least once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can avoid automating the login form if you capture the HTTP request generated when you click &quot;submit&quot; and playing it back. This will save a little bit of time waiting for the login page to load. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can store the cookie and re-use the same cookie between tests. This may cause state leakage between tests, but it will save some time if logging in is resource-intensive. Store the cookie information some place all your tests can get at it, like inside a static class or in a file. Have each test attempt to use the cookie and, if they get rejected, log in normally. That way, only the first test that runs after a cookie expires has to log in normally, and the rest can piggyback on that. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T17:49:49.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12466" CreationDate="2015-04-29T18:19:43.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Several things I notice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are you sure the element is, in fact, visible when in release mode? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are you storing a reference to div B before you click on div A? If the code deletes and re-creates div A, your old reference to div B won't be valid anymore. Try doing a find just before you need to click on div B.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Why are you using Actions in the middle of your code there? What problem is that attempting to solve? element.click() will act as though the element was clicked on; you don't have to simulate the mouse moving unless the underlying page is concerned with the mouse moving. It will click in the right place on its own. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You're waiting for the second div inside div B to be visible instead of waiting for div B to be visible. If there is no second div inside div B, this will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Why are you storing the result of your wait and then clicking on that? Shouldn't you be using a find() instead?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T18:19:43.793" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11863" CreationDate="2015-04-29T18:27:39.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to store the values in some sort of data structure, like a list or an array. Then, once you have the values, you can perform a sort on them. For example, you can call Arrays.sort(theArray).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information about sorting: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.homeandlearn.co.uk/java/sorting_arrays.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.homeandlearn.co.uk/java/sorting_arrays.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T18:27:39.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10249" CreationDate="2015-04-29T18:45:55.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fair warning: You're not going to be able to do this unless you're comfortable reading code. This is a technical task, which is why it's usually left to developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main goal is to discover &lt;strong&gt;what isn't being covered&lt;/strong&gt;. Any coverage tool ought to be able to identify what lines aren't being covered. Where your expertise comes in is in identifying what scenarios aren't being covered based on the lines. How would someone end up at the lines that aren't covered? What equivalence partitions are missing in the test cases? What paths are lacking?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next big concept you can bring to the table is &lt;strong&gt;risk analysis&lt;/strong&gt;. For each area that's not covered, what's the risk to the business if there's a defect in that area? Ultimately, if the risk is super low, it may not be worth the time to get adequate coverage. However, if there are critical pieces of functionality that are never being exercised, that ought to be a major red flag you can wave. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T18:45:55.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10249" CreationDate="2015-04-29T19:19:26.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is interesting that the question title refers to &lt;em&gt;code coverage&lt;/em&gt; but the mission statement in the question refers to &lt;em&gt;analyzing the code base&lt;/em&gt;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you plan to analyze the code base, consider doing some &lt;em&gt;refactoring&lt;/em&gt;.  One effective way to &quot;prevent introducing bugs in critical components in the future&quot; is to refactor the code to eliminate duplication (a common source of errors) and accommodate changes.  You can never anticipate every possible change to a source base, but often you can rework the code so that common changes are easier and less-error prone to make.  For example, if your library needs to interface with a variety of file formats, then by the time you have interfaced with 4 file formats, you can probably predict some of the changes you will need for the 5th file format.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-04-29T19:19:26.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12845" CreationDate="2015-04-29T20:57:39.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I have a hard time understanding what you exactly want to achieve, I will try to summarise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want 100 different concurrent users running a jMeter test at the same time, all these users run the same steps after each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means three things: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build a jMeter test for the steps. (I would &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;record the steps&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running the test with 100 concurrent users, use ramp-up 0, see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16077262/jmeter-concurrent-users-count&quot;&gt;JMeter concurrent users count&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17288545/jmeter-understanding-ramp-up&quot;&gt;JMeter understanding ramp up&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running the test with 100 different logins, see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5623489/multiple-user-logins-in-jmeter&quot;&gt;Multiple user logins in jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T10:54:17.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5663" CreationDate="2015-04-29T23:17:35.923" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using firefox then you can set preference for default timeout:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;fp = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()&#xA;fp.set_preference(&quot;http.response.timeout&quot;, 5)&#xA;fp.set_preference(&quot;dom.max_script_run_time&quot;, 5)&#xA;driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=fp)&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will stop page load after 5 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9232" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-30T01:11:06.070" LastActivityDate="2015-04-30T01:11:06.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12862" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-29T23:28:46.847" Score="0" ViewCount="1479" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting the following error while trying to verify an assertion. I tried adding wait, but it didn't help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.AssertionError: expected:&amp;lt;Risk Assessment Form: Completed&amp;gt; &#xA;but was:&amp;lt;[[ChromeDriver: chrome on XP &#xA;(73e81e18d39e6aaa89afd908b8438a82)] -&amp;gt; css selector: div.container-fluid &amp;gt; h3]&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is the code that I am writing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; page2.selectCreateRiskAssessment();&#xA; new WebDriverWait(driver, 30).until(&#xA;              ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(&#xA;              By.linkText(&quot;View Risk Assessment&quot;))&#xA; ); &#xA; assertEquals(&quot;Risk Assessment Form: Completed&quot;,&#xA;              driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.container-fluid &amp;gt; h3&quot;))&#xA; );     &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9200" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T19:54:05.450" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T19:54:05.450" Title="Assertion error when comparing the text of an element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-30T07:24:14.667" Score="1" ViewCount="13832" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a site testing for compatibility issues and responsive designs on IE,Chrome,Firefox,Safari.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Firefox the testing was completed with ease as it had the developer options and there by pressing the Ctrl+m gives you get the different resolution screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same is not applicable for IE,Safari.&#xA;Under Google Chrome I tried the Inspect Element and then the Toogle device mode and is slightly difficult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to test the responsive design without using any tool so could you please suggest me on How the above can be done&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11856" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T11:11:29.057" Title="How to do manual testing for responsive designs on various resolutions in Internet Explorer,Google Chrome and Safari" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;ie8&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12863" CreationDate="2015-04-30T07:55:15.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use a virtual machine and install the browsers on there, then you can resize or set the resolution of the machine to match the size you want to test on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5azwb.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can install your own operating system on the free VirtualBox &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.virtualbox.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can download free images from Microsoft which have a license for a couple of weeks. You will have to re-download then in a later stage. Its full versions of windows where you can also install other browsers on. Find them on: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.modern.ie/en-us&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.modern.ie/en-us&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For mimicing mobile browsers on your machine have a look at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/ripple-emulator-beta/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/ripple-emulator-beta/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-30T07:55:15.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-30T07:59:17.123" Score="17" ViewCount="74027" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is the FluentWait is different from WebDriverWait?&#xA;I am using WebDriverWait having the polling interval set to : 500 miliseconds. Still, WebDriverWait returns after some delay (i.e. 2 - 3 seconds after the element load is completed)? Any opinion here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11857" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-04-30T13:09:49.450" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T01:41:47.557" Title="How FluentWait is different from WebDriverWait?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12863" CreationDate="2015-04-30T08:41:06.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create a desktop background with overlapping boxes at the resolutions you need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resize the browser windows to match those boxes as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes a lo-fi solution is the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10480" LastActivityDate="2015-04-30T08:41:06.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12862" CreationDate="2015-04-30T08:50:09.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.container-fluid &amp;gt; h3&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The findElement returns a WebElement and not its text and thus you cannot compare them like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebElements have a function &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; to return the text of the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The assert should look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertEquals(&quot;Risk Assessment Form: Completed&quot;, &#xA;             driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.container-fluid &amp;gt; h3&quot;)).getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-04-30T08:50:09.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12863" CreationDate="2015-04-30T09:26:35.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chrome you can check with the help of inspect element press F12 and select device symbol on that left side top.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then select device mode those you want to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11859" LastActivityDate="2015-04-30T09:26:35.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12851" CreationDate="2015-04-30T10:27:25.887" Score="14" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Upload a file using Robot class&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This method is for handling the Windows File Upload dialog, which cannot be handled using Selenium. Please follow below steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on the &lt;code&gt;File Upload&lt;/code&gt; / &lt;code&gt;Choose File&lt;/code&gt; button, so that the File Upload dialog is displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;uploadbutton&quot;)).click;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Copy your file's absolute path to the clipboard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;StringSelection ss = new StringSelection(&quot;D:/Test/Test1.docx&quot;);&#xA;Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(ss, null);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Paste the file's absolute path into the &lt;code&gt;File name&lt;/code&gt; field of the File Upload dialog box&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//native key strokes for CTRL, V and ENTER keys&#xA;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastEditorUserId="11513" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T06:39:49.003" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T06:39:49.003" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12851" CreationDate="2015-04-30T10:39:35.367" Score="11" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Upload a file using AutoIT&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;About AutoIT:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AutoIt v3 is a freeware BASIC-like scripting language designed for automating Windows GUI and general scripting. It uses a combination of simulated keystrokes, mouse movement and window/control manipulation in order to automate tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This method is for handling the Windows File Upload dialog, which cannot be handled using Selenium. Please follow the below steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AutoIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open  SciTE Script Editor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Below script is used to detect the windows file upload dialog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WinWaitActive(&quot;File Upload&quot;) //File Upload is the dialog's title&#xA;Send(&quot;Full path of the document&quot;) &#xA;Send(&quot;{ENTER}&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save the above script file as &lt;code&gt;Script.au3&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compile the file from SciTE Editor and you will get an &lt;code&gt;Script.exe&lt;/code&gt; file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Steps to be followed while running the test:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on the File Upload / Choose File button, so that the File Upload dialog is displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;uploadbutton&quot;)).click;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Invoke the &lt;code&gt;Script.exe&lt;/code&gt; file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;Script.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;Script.exe&lt;/code&gt; file will handle the file upload&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:04:11.107" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:04:11.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12866" CreationDate="2015-04-30T12:36:52.733" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implicit Wait:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;An implicit wait is to tell WebDriver to poll the DOM for a certain amount of time when trying to find an element or elements if they are not immediately available. The default setting is 0. Once set, the implicit wait is set for the life of the WebDriver object instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;myDynamicElement&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When to use:&lt;/strong&gt;  Not recommended&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit wait:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;An explicit waits is code you define to wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code. WebDriverWait by default calls the ExpectedCondition every 500 milliseconds until it returns successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 10))&#xA;  .until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;myDynamicElement&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When to use:&lt;/strong&gt;  If element takes a long time to load. Also, used to check property of an element (presence, clickability. etc). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FluentWait&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;For each FluentWait instance, you can specify:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequency with which FluentWait has to check the conditions defined.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ignore specific types of exception waiting such as NoSuchElementExceptions while searching for an element on the page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maximum amount of time to wait for a condition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When to use FluentWait&lt;/strong&gt;: When you try to test the presence of an element that may appear after every x seconds/minutes (Just an example, this is my guess of where such a thing can be used).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Waiting 30 seconds for an element to be present on the page, checking&#xA;// for its presence once every 5 seconds.&#xA;Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; wait = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver)&#xA;    .withTimeout(30, SECONDS)&#xA;    .pollingEvery(5, SECONDS)&#xA;    .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement foo = wait.until(new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, WebElement&amp;gt;() &#xA;{&#xA;  public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;  return driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;foo&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastEditorUserId="11513" LastEditDate="2015-04-30T12:48:03.083" LastActivityDate="2015-04-30T12:48:03.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12874" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12881" CreationDate="2015-04-30T14:08:10.897" Score="2" ViewCount="27218" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario like clicking on the images of home page and validating page title. I am facing an issue say I am using the &lt;code&gt;getTitle()&lt;/code&gt; function to get a page title to validate but it's returning the current URL, so my test case failed by comparing with the page title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my question: Why is it returning a current URL instead of a page title? If anyone faced this issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : This does not occur every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-01T12:42:17.827" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T13:14:08.153" Title="getTitle() returning current URL instead of page title" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-30T21:20:37.147" Score="0" ViewCount="480" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded the Chrome Driver and i am able to execute my tests on Chrome. However Only local connections are allowed for it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can i execute it globally on any machine without changing anything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9200" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T16:35:24.497" Title="How to execute Selenium + Junit Tests on Chrome" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5988" CreationDate="2015-05-01T05:41:54.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A qa architect is a person who design the building block of qa process. Basically this is more relevent to test automation where many things comes in picture. So his role is to place and consult the optimized way to place the block so that whole system is stable economic  scalable, fast and optimized. Test automation uses a lot of resources like machines. Tools and services so this guy is responsible to stablish the system which follow the above mentioned guidelines. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11871" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T05:41:54.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12874" CreationDate="2015-05-01T08:16:54.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    String baseUrl=&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;;&#xA;    String expectedTitle=&quot;Google&quot;;&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;    String actualTitle=driver.getTitle();&#xA;    if(actualTitle.equals(expectedTitle)){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Test Pass&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else{&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Test Failed&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is working fine get the page Title in String and then Compare it with your Actual Title and if that matches then Test Pass&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T08:16:54.987" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12874" CreationDate="2015-05-01T13:14:08.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using &lt;code&gt;getTitle()&lt;/code&gt;, try the below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement title = driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;title&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(title.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T13:14:08.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12441" CreationDate="2015-05-01T18:29:15.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it happens, I was facing the same question as you are now, just last year. I`ve managed to get a good entry level sites and am going to list them below. However, the most fun I had was playing with Kali linux, maybe give that a shot as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, another entry level tool that you can play with(and I highly recommend it) is OWASP Zap - Proxy attack - pretty straight forward to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://forums.utest.com/viewtopic.php?f=17&amp;amp;t=1338&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://forums.utest.com/viewtopic.php?f=17&amp;amp;t=1338&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pentesterlab.com/exercises/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.pentesterlab.com/exercises/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;-&lt;a href=&quot;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://forums.kali.org/forumdisplay.php?6-Kali-Linux-General-Use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://forums.kali.org/forumdisplay.php?6-Kali-Linux-General-Use&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/net-penetration-testing-test-case-cheat-sheet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/net-penetration-testing-test-case-cheat-sheet/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T18:29:15.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12381" CreationDate="2015-05-01T18:31:32.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure if you have dismissed JMETER already, or if I'm missing anything. If not, you should probably give it a spin, since it's a free alternative to others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-01T22:38:57.627" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T22:38:57.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10431" CreationDate="2015-05-01T18:51:27.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a sketch of the solution in Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(text(),'&quot; + text + &quot;')]&quot;));&#xA;verifyThat(list.size(), both(greaterThanOrEqualTo(1).and(lessThanOrEqualTo(3)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;standard WebDriver methods to get a list of matching nodes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;verifyThat&lt;/code&gt; that in contrast with &lt;code&gt;assertThat&lt;/code&gt; is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumexamples.com/blog/guide/using-soft-assertions-in-testng/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;soft assertion&lt;/a&gt;: it does not terminate the test after first failure but will report all expressions for which the page failed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hamcrest.org/JavaHamcrest/javadoc/1.3/org/hamcrest/Matchers.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hamcrest matchers&lt;/a&gt; that let you write more complex assertions (like 'this node set appears 1-3 times') and provide improved failure reporting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, your UI devs can create XPath expressions with Chrome through &lt;code&gt;Inspect element&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;Copy XPath&lt;/code&gt; for a selected element. Automatically generated expressions might be hard to read, though, but you would need to run small usability lab with them to understand that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think using Selenium is the fastest solutions, but you are already working with Selenium and have access to the application and page state with Selenium, so this is the most straightforward solution. If you need faster solution, you would need to work directly on HTTP and HTML level, e.g., using &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/rest-assured/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RestAssured&lt;/a&gt; framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-01T18:57:45.110" LastActivityDate="2015-05-01T18:57:45.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12876" CreationDate="2015-05-02T07:03:46.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create one folder Util in your test project and place the chrome drive in that.&#xA;in your driver and set the system property with the relative path. Now wher ever you take your code your chrome driver will also get copied and driver setup will always read the system property from the relative path. This way it can be run  from any machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11871" LastActivityDate="2015-05-02T07:03:46.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-02T09:56:57.523" Score="2" ViewCount="1212" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on &quot;Cucumber-Jvm (Using Maven Project) + Selenium WebDriver + PageObjects + Allure Report&quot;, I am able to run my script but enable to run my script and also unable generate &quot;Allure&quot; report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are the codes, feature file, pom.xml, etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pom.xml&lt;/strong&gt; : Reference POM url - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;project xmlns=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0&quot; xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&#xA;  xsi:schemaLocation=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;modelVersion&amp;gt;4.0.0&amp;lt;/modelVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;parent&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.sonatype.oss&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;oss-parent&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;7&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/parent&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Allure Cucumber-JVM Adaptor&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;ru.yandex.qatools.allure&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.4-SNAPSHOT&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;licenses&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;license&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;The Apache Software License, Version 2.0&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;url&amp;gt;http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;distribution&amp;gt;repo&amp;lt;/distribution&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/license&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/licenses&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;scm&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;url&amp;gt;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;connection&amp;gt;scm:git@github.com:allure-framework/allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor.git&amp;lt;/connection&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;developerConnection&amp;gt;scm:git:git@github.com:allure-framework/allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor.git&amp;lt;/developerConnection&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/scm&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;issueManagement&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;system&amp;gt;GitHub Issues&amp;lt;/system&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;url&amp;gt;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor/issues&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/issueManagement&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ciManagement&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;system&amp;gt;TeamCity&amp;lt;/system&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;url&amp;gt;http://teamcity.qatools.ru/&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ciManagement&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;developers&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;developer&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;id&amp;gt;clicman&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Viktor Sidochenko&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;email&amp;gt;viktor.sidochenko@gmail.com&amp;lt;/email&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/developer&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/developers&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;mailingLists&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;mailingList&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Allure Mailing List&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;post&amp;gt;allure@yandex-team.ru&amp;lt;/post&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/mailingList&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/mailingLists&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;UTF-8&amp;lt;/project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;1.7&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;1.7&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;compiler.version&amp;gt;1.7&amp;lt;/compiler.version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;allure.version&amp;gt;1.4.5&amp;lt;/allure.version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;aspectj.version&amp;gt;1.8.4&amp;lt;/aspectj.version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;ru.yandex.qatools.allure&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;allure-core&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${allure.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;pom&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;ru.yandex.qatools.allure&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;allure-java-aspects&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${allure.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;jar&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;ru.yandex.qatools.allure&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;allure-commons&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${allure.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;jar&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;jar&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-core&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;jar&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;jar&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!--   &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.sonatype.oss&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;oss-parent&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;9&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.commons&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;commons-lang3&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.3.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;gherkin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.12.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;jar&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.sonatype.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;nexus-staging-maven-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.6.5&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;extensions&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/extensions&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;serverId&amp;gt;ossrh&amp;lt;/serverId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;nexusUrl&amp;gt;https://oss.sonatype.org/&amp;lt;/nexusUrl&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;autoReleaseAfterClose&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/autoReleaseAfterClose&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-compiler-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;encoding&amp;gt;UTF-8&amp;lt;/encoding&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.18.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- parallel execution configuration --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;parallel&amp;gt;classes&amp;lt;/parallel&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;threadCount&amp;gt;8&amp;lt;/threadCount&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;includes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;include&amp;gt;**/*Test.java&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/includes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;testFailureIgnore&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/testFailureIgnore&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;argLine&amp;gt;&#xA;-javaagent:${settings.localRepository}/org/aspectj/aspectjweaver/${aspectj.version}/aspectjweaver-${aspectj.version}.jar&#xA;&amp;lt;/argLine&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;listener&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;value&amp;gt;ru.yandex.qatools.allure.cucumberjvm.AllureRunListener&amp;lt;/value&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/property&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.aspectj&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;aspectjweaver&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${aspectj.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature file location:&lt;/strong&gt; src/test/resources and &lt;strong&gt;Name of the feature file:&lt;/strong&gt; OpenAndclose.feature&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: OpenAndClose&#xA;&#xA;    Scenario: OpenAndClose Browser&#xA;    Given user opened firefox browser&#xA;    Then user-entered URL&#xA;    Then user closed firefox browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;And codes at:&lt;/strong&gt; src/test/java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestRunner class:&#xA;&#xA;package openANDclose;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;&#xA;import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;&#xA;import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;&#xA;&#xA;@RunWith(Cucumber.class)&#xA;@CucumberOptions(dryRun=false, monochrome = true, features= &quot;src/test/resources/OpenAndclose.feature&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;public class OpenAndClose_TestRunner {&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step Definitions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package openANDclose;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;&#xA;import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;&#xA;&#xA;public class OpenAndClose_StepDefinitions {&#xA;&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Given(&quot;^user opened firefox browser$&quot;)&#xA;    public void user_opened_firefox_browser() throws Throwable {&#xA;            driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Then(&quot;^user entered url$&quot;)&#xA;    public void user_entered_url() throws Throwable {&#xA;        OpenAndClose_PageObjects.user_opened_firefox_browser(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Then(&quot;^user closed firefox browser$&quot;)&#xA;    public void user_closed_firefox_browser() throws Throwable {&#xA;        OpenAndClose_PageObjects.user_closed_firefox_browser(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page Object Class:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package openANDclose;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;&#xA;public class OpenAndClose_PageObjects {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver ;&#xA;&#xA;    public static WebElement element=null;&#xA;&#xA;    public static WebElement user_opened_firefox_browser(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://google.co.in&quot;);&#xA;        return element;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static WebElement user_closed_firefox_browser(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;        return element;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;After running &quot;Allure&quot; report from command prompt, getting below error message and error report.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below from: mvn clean test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oVKFD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;mvn clean test&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below report from: mvn site&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KuoYw.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;mvn site&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:22:18.750" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:22:18.750" Title="Cucucmber-Jvm (Using Maven Project) + Selenium WebDriver + PageObjects + Allure Report" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12831" CreationDate="2015-05-02T09:58:04.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Their is  more cloud site present for testing in mobile devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://crossbrowsertesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://crossbrowsertesting.com/&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N.T-- They are all commercial Enterprise service. You can try a demo for these cloud services in some limited devices or some few minutes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastActivityDate="2015-05-02T09:58:04.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12888" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-02T10:15:57.003" Score="1" ViewCount="262" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new in web service testing with SoapUI. I refer SoapUI own documentation resource for testing. But their is not discussed all features step by step properly. And not also discussed for advanced web service testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please say some good resource  for web service testing with SoapUI not SoapUI pro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N.T- I will be thankful if anyone post his own web service testing process video tutorial with SoapUI not SoapUi pro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastActivityDate="2019-02-02T02:16:00.293" Title="Documentation for Web Service testing with SoapUI" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12889" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-02T12:18:21.707" Score="2" ViewCount="1612" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently we found a concurrency problem in our Web app. It came out that  a class in a third-party library is not thread-safe and when it is shared between multiple threads, then access to it must be somehow synchronized. This finding was a by-product of load testing of our Web application with many concurrent users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if for finding concurrency issues I should run more focused tests in addition to load tests? Or maybe it is enough to run traditional performance tests? Or maybe I should change something in performance tests so they detect such issues better? E.g., &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make test scenarios more complex, including more endpoints in one scenario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run threads with random delays to increase the chance of interesting interleavings between accessing the shared resource.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2015-05-03T08:19:27.437" Title="How to test Web app for concurrency problems?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12889" CreationDate="2015-05-02T14:26:20.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a black art.  It is hard to test for concurrency problems in a methodical way.  In other words, it is hard to construct functional test cases that will verify whether concurrency works correctly.  We tend to find concurrency problems as a side-effect of load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it is a good idea to combine as many kinds of operations as you can in the same test, i.e. instead of all threads doing the same thing, different threads do different things.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The time intervals during which concurrency problems occur may be very small.  Factors such as network latency and thread contention will already introduce random delays.  I'm not sure that adding intentional delays will matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-02T22:16:51.977" LastActivityDate="2015-05-02T22:16:51.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12889" CreationDate="2015-05-03T08:19:27.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a strong believer of the approach of running performance tests on production environment complete replica as it will allow to cover the following cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;scalability issues&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interoperability#Software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;interoperability issues&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/how-analyze-results-load-test-using-blazemeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;network issues&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you encounter a performance problem, bottleneck, degradation additional investigation will be required to get to the bottom of the problem, identify point of failure and report or fix associated problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-05-03T08:19:27.437" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12892" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12893" CreationDate="2015-05-03T14:39:02.733" Score="10" ViewCount="98598" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;code&gt;webdriver.Firefox&lt;/code&gt; and I'm trying to send the following custom header:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.headers = { 'Authorization': 'Basic %s' % b64encode(bytes(self.args.user + ':' + self.args.password, &quot;utf-8&quot;)).decode(&quot;ascii&quot;) }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.driver.get(self.base_url + &quot;/&quot;, headers=self.headers)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is similar way as shown &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/19524069/55075&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, but I'm guessing it's using completely different driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I've the error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TypeError: get() got an unexpected keyword argument 'headers'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've checked the old issue &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=2047&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;#2047: How to add a header to a request?&lt;/a&gt;, but it's closed as duplicate of another &lt;em&gt;Won't Fix&lt;/em&gt; issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there any way of simply test the site using Selenium which is behind Basic Authentication?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One suggestion is to &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.mogotest.com/2010/06/23/how-to-perform-basic-auth-in-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;use proxy&lt;/a&gt;, however I don't believe such simple functionality doesn't exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2840" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2021-01-28T12:29:43.633" Title="How to send Basic Authentication headers in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12892" CreationDate="2015-05-03T19:11:50.637" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've tested using format &lt;code&gt;http://user:pass@host&lt;/code&gt; and it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in Python (in &lt;code&gt;setUp() of MyClass(unittest.TestCase)&lt;/code&gt; class) this should look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.base_url = &quot;http://user:pass@host&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Java based on &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=34&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;#34 at code.google&lt;/a&gt;, the following code should work as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void login(String username, String password){&#xA;    WebDriver driver = getDriver();&#xA;    String URL = &quot;http:// + username + &quot;:&quot; + password + &quot;@&quot; + &quot;link&quot;;&#xA;    driver.get(URL);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;network.http.phishy-userpass-length&quot;, 255);&#xA;driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;driver.get(http://username:password@www.basicauthprotected.com/);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;network.http.phishy-userpass-length&quot;, 255);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;host&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;selenium = new WebDriverBackedSelenium(driver, &quot;http://&amp;lt;user&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;password&amp;gt;@&amp;lt;host&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.start(&quot;addCustomRequestHeader=true&quot;);&#xA;selenium.windowMaximize();&#xA;selenium.addCustomRequestHeader( &quot;Authorization&quot;,&quot;Basic &quot;+&quot;YWRpZGFzOmFkaWRhczEyMyM=&quot; );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or eventually by sending keys using &lt;code&gt;SendKeys()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SendKeys(&quot;myUser&quot;);&#xA;SendKeys(&quot;{TAB}&quot;);&#xA;SendKeys(&quot;MyPassword&quot;);&#xA;SendKeys(&quot;~&quot;); // Enter&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or by using &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/Alert.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alert&lt;/a&gt; API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/5672407/55075&quot;&gt;Basic Authentication for FirefoxDriver, ChromeDriver and IEdriver?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Chrome, please follow: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/9888323/55075&quot;&gt;How to override basic authentication in selenium2 chrome driver?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However each one of above has some downsides, so the feature needs to be more portable and there are some plans to do that (see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/453&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;#453 at GitHub&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2840" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T11:35:08.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12894" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12896" CreationDate="2015-05-04T03:42:38.303" Score="3" ViewCount="4705" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should we do negative test cases testing by automation. Generally I heard that we can do functional and regression automation. I am doing same. I am using selenium web driver for automation and doing all functional and regression testing using it. But thing is all tests are positive here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would like to know that should we do automation for negative testing or it is better to do it manually? Because I think if we go for automation for negative testing then it will be lot of code to be done..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Ex: I have register form and field is there called &quot;Password&quot; , &lt;strong&gt;Now validations for fields are &quot;Password must be of minimum 6 characters and must contains letter,digit and special character&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in above case positive automation will be easy as I will test direct by insert valid password , But for negative testing of that field will have lot of cases so should we do automation for that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know best way for negative testing. Right now I am preferring manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:15:32.440" Title="Negative testing automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12894" CreationDate="2015-05-04T07:29:12.283" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't matter so much &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; you'll be automating, rather &lt;strong&gt;why&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are these negative tests included in your regression sets?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are these tests executed manually every time you run your automated scenarios?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Will it eventually save the test team time and resources should it be automated?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing that testing frameworks can usually deal with &lt;em&gt;expected errors&lt;/em&gt;, it's perfectly feasible to automate negative tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T07:29:12.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12894" CreationDate="2015-05-04T07:35:09.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your password example is a classic example in favor of automation, once you have the infrastructure for entering a password and detecting rejection adding more cases should be simple and cost effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use the term Negative Testing to describe a type of scenario, but keep in mind that it is functional the same way as any other sunny day scenario, entering a wrong password is something users are allowed to do and not something evil.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real &lt;strong&gt;Negative&lt;/strong&gt; tests are somewhat more meaningful when used in the code level, for example checking for NULL pointers- this is not something a user of a function should do (unless it is part of normal usage of course)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to summarize- you should do negative testing and you should build your automation in such a way that it is not requiring  &quot;lot of code to be done&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T07:35:09.040" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12897" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-04T08:37:01.393" Score="4" ViewCount="8640" Body="&lt;p&gt;is there any way to test an application which is &lt;strong&gt;already&lt;/strong&gt; installed For Eg. i want to test the &lt;strong&gt;calculator&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;google map&lt;/strong&gt; application ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;my Current Appium version is 1.3.4.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T04:31:35.780" Title="how to do a Testing on an Already Installed Android application using Appium + Selenium ?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12898" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-04T11:02:19.330" Score="1" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started work as junior QA and after 2 months of manual testing my boss told me to learn about automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that I should test app which has been written in JavaScript for Windows Phone 8.1 and Windows Mobile. I searched for topics on the internet but I didn't found anything interesting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any advice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11883" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-05-04T12:44:54.987" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T03:27:45.040" Title="Windows Phone 8.1 metro JS app testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12863" CreationDate="2015-05-04T11:23:30.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Firefox you can check with the help of inspect element press F12 and select Responsive Design Mode symbol near to close developer tools,then write the resolutions that you want to test.&#xA;eg: 1440x900 (MacBook Pro 15.4)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In  chrome you can check with the help of inspect element press F12 and select device symbol on that left side top , then select device mode those you want to test.Here also you can write the resolution of devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certain sites are also there for checking responsive designs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11666" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T11:23:30.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12903" CreationDate="2015-05-04T11:27:37.763" Score="2" ViewCount="6198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written some tests in Selenium using NodeJs and I am looking for a way to use those tests for stress testing web apps. Is there any tool that combined with selenium can do the trick?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am actually looking for is a tool that is &quot;Selenium like&quot;. Basically I want to open a webpage and execute custom javascript in the console to perform my tests. The extra part that selenium does not cover is running the test multiple simultaneous times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11405" LastEditorUserId="11405" LastEditDate="2015-05-04T11:54:31.560" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T09:15:27.263" Title="Stress and Load Testing using Selenium-like tool" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12863" CreationDate="2015-05-04T12:20:16.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:You can use inbuilt mode in chrome browser for responsive design testing.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With help of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;device mode&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; you can do following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test your responsive designs by emulating different screen sizes and resolutions, including Retina displays.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evaluate your site's performance using the network emulator, without affecting traffic to other tabs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visualize and inspect CSS media queries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accurately simulate device input for touch events, geolocation, and device orientation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enhance your current debugging workflow by combining device mode with the existing DevTools.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enabling device mode&#xA;Turn on device mode by pressing the Toggle device mode toggle device mode icon off icon. When device mode is enabled, the icon turns blue and the viewport transforms into a device emulator.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also toggle device mode on and off using the keyboard shortcut:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ctrl+Shift+M&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (or Cmd+Shift+M on Mac).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ref: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/device-mode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/device-mode&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternative Options:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;You can right click on an element on a page and then select Inspect Element option from context menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally I would suggest you to use chrome extensions for testing responsive design of your web application. Such as following extensions; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Responsive Web Design Tester - &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/responsive-web-design-tes/objclahbaimlfnbjdeobicmmlnbhamkg?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/responsive-web-design-tes/objclahbaimlfnbjdeobicmmlnbhamkg?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Responsive-web-design testing tool- &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/responsive-web-design/gkmaomcbenajgclicfopaempggmbghka?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/responsive-web-design/gkmaomcbenajgclicfopaempggmbghka?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11635" LastEditorUserId="11670" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T13:08:55.070" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T13:08:55.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12900" CreationDate="2015-05-04T12:25:50.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(You did not say how many simultaneous users you need to simulate for your stress test.  My answer assumes you need to simulate more than 5 or 10.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using your Selenium tests as the basis for stress testing is an attractive idea.  After all, they are already written/debugged.  You would like to check the same things under load, so they seem relevant.  And you would rather not have two different kinds of tests, using different tools/frameworks, to maintain.  If one instance of a Selenium test is a functional test, couldn't one thousand instances be a stress test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, there are some issues that get in the way of reusing your Selenium tests for stress testing; see for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5389/looking-for-open-source-java-based-tool-for-performance-testing/5390&quot;&gt;Looking for open source, Java-based tool for performance testing&lt;/a&gt;.  Here are two issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is expensive.  You cannot run many instances of Selenium on the same machine at the same time.  In my experience, you need at least ten times as many machines using Selenium as you would with JMeter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Much of the logic in your function tests is wasted on a load test.  The kinds of bugs you will find running at scale will be different from what you will find in a functional test, e.g. lock contention and algorithms that do not scale well.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T12:25:50.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12900" CreationDate="2015-05-04T13:20:39.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I found using Selenium Grid can help with doing a load test . I can start multiple hubs that can run the tests that I have already written in parallel. Although Selenium Grid has not been created for this particular reason. It can be used for stress testing as running multiple hubs (each hub supports up to five instances of each browser) on a server machine can do the trick&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11405" LastEditorUserId="11405" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T09:15:27.263" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T09:15:27.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12904" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-05-04T16:02:45.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a special tag that is designed to be used only by the system for questions that have had all of their other tags removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All questions in the system must have at least one tag. Normally, it is not possible to submit new or edited questions that do not have tags; the system will reject the submission until a valid tag is applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few unusual situations that can cause this tag to be applied. When a tag has existed for six months and only been used on one question, and no tag wiki has been created for the tag, the system deletes the tag. When the community decides that a given tag can never be appropriate &amp;#8212; for example, because it is misspelled or is off-topic &amp;#8212; moderators may remove the tag from the site &lt;em&gt;en masse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When one of these deletions removes the last tag from a question, the system adds the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/untagged&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;untagged&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;untagged&lt;/a&gt; tag to that question so that the &quot;all questions must have at least one tag&quot; rule is not broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can help clean up some of these questions! If they're good questions, edit them to remove the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/untagged&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;untagged&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;untagged&lt;/a&gt; tag and add more descriptive tags. If they're not so good, use the usual tools: downvoting, flagging and voting to close/delete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11374" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T11:45:27.453" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T11:45:27.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12905" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-05-04T16:02:45.650" Score="0" Body="&#xD;&#xA;This is a special tag that is designed to be used only by the system for questions that have had all of their other tags removed. Do not add this tag to existing questions, it is reserved for use by the system to identify posts with no valid tags." OwnerUserId="11374" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-05T19:44:10.373" LastActivityDate="2015-05-05T19:44:10.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12906" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-04T18:41:48.700" Score="2" ViewCount="10522" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to download a file from a website using a webdriver. But my browser is shutting down before it was able to properly export. I inserted a &lt;code&gt;wait()&lt;/code&gt; before I call &lt;code&gt;dispose()&lt;/code&gt; but it is not waiting for the time I have specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am doing an implicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, seconds));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems to do nothing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Any ideas??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11889" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditDate="2020-01-28T12:56:33.927" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T12:56:33.927" Title="Selenium WebDriver not properly waiting" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12909" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-04T21:33:38.397" Score="0" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;Isn't end to end already tested when you do different levels of functional tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;1. Test A -&gt; B (but to do this, need to do x -&gt; z)&#xA;2. Test C -&gt; F (but to do this, need to do A -&gt; B)&#xA;3. and so on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11895" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T09:59:05.553" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T09:59:05.553" Title="Why is end to end testing needed?" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-05-20T20:29:52.773" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12909" CreationDate="2015-05-04T21:50:07.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We need end-to-end testing because our assumptions about how components interact are never completely accurate.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also ask why we need to test A-&gt;B if we're testing A-&gt;B-&gt;...-&gt;Z.  Testing A-&gt;B by themselves helps with &lt;em&gt;diagnosis&lt;/em&gt; because we can narrow down any bugs to A, B, and interactions between A and B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-05-04T21:50:07.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12911" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31248" CreationDate="2015-05-05T03:21:24.827" Score="3" ViewCount="2807" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am going through some examples and some books in relation to Cucumber usage and it looks like &lt;code&gt;@And&lt;/code&gt; annotation is never being caught by the regex. I mean it is a valid Gherkin keyword and &lt;strong&gt;it is&lt;/strong&gt; being used in the scenarios but I can see no references to it in the actual code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastEditorUserId="2551" LastEditDate="2015-05-05T06:30:03.843" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T20:18:40.720" Title="@And annotation in Cucumber" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12912" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-05T07:11:06.637" Score="5" ViewCount="26553" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a html div like this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div if=&quot;url&quot; class=&quot;img-alt__graphic ng-scope&quot; ng-style=&quot;ieCSSFilters&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url(www.xxxxxxx.com;size=270x360);&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this div tag I don't have an id attribute, so how do I use the class attribute to check if the image is loaded or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code Snippet: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class QA {&#xA;    public WebDriver driver; &#xA;    private String baseUrl;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) { &#xA;        QA mv =new QA(); &#xA;        mv.launch_test(); &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void launch_test() &#xA;    { &#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver(); &#xA;        baseUrl = &quot;http://www.optimum.net&quot;; &#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement image1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class,'global-header__brand')]&quot;));    &#xA;&#xA;        Boolean imageLoaded1 = (Boolean) ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return arguments[0].complete &amp;amp;&amp;amp; typeof arguments[0].naturalWidth != &quot;undefined&quot; &amp;amp;&amp;amp; arguments[0].naturalWidth &amp;gt; 0&quot;, image1); &#xA;        if (!imageLoaded1) &#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;1. Image is not present&quot;); &#xA;        }&#xA;        else &#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;1. Got it&quot;); &#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        driver.close(); &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11898" LastEditorUserId="15006" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T15:59:46.780" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T15:59:46.780" Title="How to check is image is loaded or not in selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="14" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-05T12:01:07.257" Score="0" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a lot of tests in QADirector. The largest of our 26 projects has more than 1100 test scripts. Since QADirector is no longer supported, I'm looking for possible migration paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only know migration path to me is to SilkCentral using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microfocus.com/_ex/community/knowledgebase/TelligentArticleResources/1348_tmqadmigrationutility.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SilkCentral &#xA;TestManager Migration Utility (PDF)&lt;/a&gt;. However, we don't own a SilkCentral license (yet) and according to the feedback of the support, they have never migrated such a large database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other alternatives for converting the tests of QADirector into a format matching any other test tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I'm aware the nature of this question could be flagged as &quot;too broad&quot;. If your vote for &quot;too broad&quot;, please proove your flag by mentioning at least one possible way in the comments - because I doubt there is more than one (if any) answer out there.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T12:56:47.070" Title="Migration path(s) for tests in QADirector" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;export&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12851" CreationDate="2015-05-06T01:27:33.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you just want to send the file to the webserver, you can do it with a headless http client, for example using the mechanize library in Ruby or Perl, or the the Request library in Python.  You don't need to do everything from the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example, using python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')}&#xA;&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; r = requests.post(url, files=files)&#xA;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; r.text&#xA;{&#xA;  ...&#xA;  &quot;files&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;file&quot;: &quot;&amp;lt;censored...binary...data&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;  },&#xA;  ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1780" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2015-07-30T22:25:53.410" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T22:25:53.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12916" CreationDate="2015-05-06T02:51:16.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We operate Enterprise Tester. A test management tool that is used by global organsiations as a replacement for QA Director. We offer the ability to migrate all your data (requirements, tests, executions and bugs plus the relationships) across to Enterprise Tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check us out at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catchsoftware.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;www.catchsoftware.com&lt;/a&gt; if you'd like to or drop me a line directly.&#xA;Regards&#xA;Bryce&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11911" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-06T05:34:42.830" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T05:34:42.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12923" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12941" CreationDate="2015-05-06T03:02:43.683" Score="3" ViewCount="2318" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been trying to mouse hover on element , first time it hover properly and hold but then never it does same. I can see that it is trying to hold hover but runs too fast and effect comes like just blink on element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement hover =  driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='frmDashboard']/div[1]/div[1]/ul/li[4]/a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA; Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA; action.moveToElement(element).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried all type of wait , sleep methods here but no success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T07:27:39.717" Title="Any chance to hover on element for specific time?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2015-05-06T05:33:36.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used Java Thread and Robot with Selenium to automate windows active directory authentication. You may refer to my response here &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11522434/how-to-handle-login-pop-up-window-using-selenium-webdriver/30067944#30067944&quot;&gt;Windows Authentication using Selenium and Java Thread&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11912" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T05:33:36.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11873" CreationDate="2015-05-06T07:18:28.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an alternative to the answer I accepted above, I'm now using the following code when I need to do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var dropdown = Driver.FindElement(element);&#xA;var optionList = new List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;();&#xA;optionList = dropdown.Text.Split(new[] { &quot;\r\n&quot; }, StringSplitOptions.None).ToList();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I can search within the list for a string to see if it is present in the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7141" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T07:18:28.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12900" CreationDate="2015-05-06T07:35:01.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; is designed for load testing and it provides Selenium support via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverTutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The WebDriver Sampler uses JavaScript language for tests definition so minimal refactoring will be required and your tests should mostly work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt; guide for tips and tricks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternative options are using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/a&gt; or cloud-based services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T07:35:01.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12923" CreationDate="2015-05-06T10:05:04.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't succeeded in hovering either, but if hovering is needed for example to make some element visible, you can simulate the effect with this kind of javascript construction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.execute_script(&#xA;    &quot;$('.my_class').css('display','inline-block')&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would make the element with class &quot;my_class&quot; accessible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T10:05:04.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12906" CreationDate="2015-05-06T16:19:35.037" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't sound as if you need to use Selenium to download the file, just for the browser session. If that is the case, how about instead of downloading the file through the web browser, you pass the browser's session information over to an HTTP library and request the file to be downloaded?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a specific example, in Python, I would find the URL I am trying to download. Then I would use driver.get_cookies() to ensure I captured the cookies in my current browser session. Finally, I would pass the URL and the cookies to a method which would use requests library to download the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An added bonus to this approach: when you need to download multiple files using the same session information, you can gather all the URLs first and download the files from those URLs separately, even splitting the list of URLs between workers fetching the files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: The question &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2197/how-to-download-a-file-using-seleniums-webdriver&quot;&gt;How to download a file using Selenium's WebDriver?&lt;/a&gt; adds more information on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1113" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T17:23:26.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12876" CreationDate="2015-05-06T16:35:24.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to run Webdriver commands on a remote machine, Selenium Server must be installed on that machine. What I usually do to enable IE and Chrome support is place the IE and Chrome drivers right alongside Selenium Server. I can then create a batch script with the complete command, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.44.0.jar -timeout=20 -browserTimeout=60 -Dwebdriver.ie.driver=C:\selenium\IEDriverServer_32.exe -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=C:\selenium\Chromedriver.exe&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That starts the server with the extra drivers and some custom settings. That way it's easy to start Selenium properly, either on startup or on demand depending on my use case for that machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T16:35:24.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12912" CreationDate="2015-05-06T16:37:53.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Webdriver doesn't have eyes; therefore, there's a hard limit to the amount of GUI validation it can do. It can't tell you if the image that was served looks correct, or if it is broken. What it can tell you is that that image file was included in the HTML for the page. You'd need a human to verify that the page looks correct visually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T16:37:53.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12431" CreationDate="2015-05-06T16:47:03.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at the source code for mocha: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mochajs/mocha/tree/master/lib/reporters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mochajs/mocha/tree/master/lib/reporters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears that there's a built-in HTML reporter. Have you tried running &lt;code&gt;mocha -R html&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T16:47:03.697" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8218" CreationDate="2015-05-06T17:56:14.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This error means that you have forgotten to include a dependency in your project. It's been suggested on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5134953/noclassdeffounderror-in-java-com-google-common-base-function&quot;&gt;stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt; that the dependency you forgot might well be &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/downloads/list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenium-server-standalone-version.jar&lt;/a&gt;. Does adding that jar to your project help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T17:56:14.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12935" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-05-06T21:22:13.370" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-05-06T21:22:13.370" LastActivityDate="2015-05-06T21:22:13.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12936" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-05-06T21:22:13.370" Score="0" Body="an organized collection of data, typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality, in a way that supports processes requiring this information." OwnerUserId="11374" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T08:33:40.430" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T08:33:40.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-06T21:58:23.903" Score="6" ViewCount="28862" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made a Windows Forms app to host my GUI for running selenium tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the user presses the &quot;run test&quot; button, it launches an instance of chromedriver and runs the selected selenium test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, let's say that while the test is running, the user decides they want to stop the test, or simply not have the entire test run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a button on the form that calls FixtureTearDown() in case this were to happen. FixtureTearDown is simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (_driver != null) _driver.Quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you DO press this &quot;stop test&quot; button, the driver closes, but the selenium test keeps executing the script as if the webdriver were still open, which then throws errors (because it can't find elements because the driver is closed, duh) and causes my Windows Forms app to crash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is there a way to gracefully halt the running of a selenium script? Thanks in advance for the help, and i apologize if this is a dumb question, i am still new to selenium and c# in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11928" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T16:14:45.303" Title="How to stop running selenium tests AFTER webdriver.quit()?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9904" CreationDate="2015-05-07T04:07:00.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try and convert this to the Python equivalent. Check &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/TipsAndTricks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Firefox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.setPreference( &quot;intl.accept_languages&quot;, &quot;es&quot; ); &#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.AddArguments(&quot;--lang=es&quot;);&#xA;ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python equivalent that worked for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from time import sleep&#xA;driver_location = &quot;res/chromedriver.exe&quot;&#xA;&#xA;options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()&#xA;options.add_argument('--lang=es')&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_location, chrome_options=options)&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;)&#xA;sleep(3000)&#xA;driver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastEditorUserId="11513" LastEditDate="2015-05-07T04:18:51.897" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T04:18:51.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12916" CreationDate="2015-05-07T05:48:12.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest for HP Quality Center or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getzephyr.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Zephyr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also can try this tool &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qmetry.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.qmetry.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T05:48:12.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12923" CreationDate="2015-05-07T07:27:39.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the sample URL you have provided, the below &lt;strong&gt;C#&lt;/strong&gt; code appears to work every time for me (four attempts).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, I'm not hovering for a specific time (why would you?) but in this case until a new element becomes visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this doesn't resolve your issue, please provide more feedback and the actual code and HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(driverPath);&#xA;            driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&#xA;            WebDriverWait w = new WebDriverWait(driver, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://mrbool.com/how-to-create-menu-with-submenu-using-css-html/26146&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            IWebElement lnk_mainMenu_Channel = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//a[@href='http://mrbool.com/articles/listcomp.asp' and @class='menulink']&quot;));&#xA;            IWebElement lnk_subMenu_Mobile = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//ul[@class='submenu']//a[@href='http://mrbool.com/channel/mobile']&quot;));&#xA;            w.Until(d =&amp;gt; lnk_mainMenu_Channel.Displayed);&#xA;&#xA;            Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;            action.MoveToElement(lnk_mainMenu_Channel).Perform();&#xA;            w.Until(d =&amp;gt; lnk_subMenu_Mobile.Displayed);&#xA;            action.MoveToElement(lnk_subMenu_Mobile).Click().Build().Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T07:27:39.717" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8218" CreationDate="2015-05-07T10:40:27.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually 'throws exceptions' is the only way to get error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If error comes from your setup or dependency it will not shown If you remove throws statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not confident about which exception is coming then write 'throws Exception'. It will throw all exception by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now come to your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code perfectly fine working. &#xA;Just check your jar file and classpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also check your JRE and clean your project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T10:40:27.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12906" CreationDate="2015-05-07T10:49:39.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that we can tell Selenium that we would like it to wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception that it cannot find the element on the page. We should note that implicit waits will be in place for the entire time the browser is open. This means that any search for elements on the page could take the time the implicit wait is set for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;someid&quot;)));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This wait if maximum time to wait until element is not clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way is explicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here so many conditions are available e.g. clickable,visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(10000);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last way to slow your execution is use &quot;Thread.sleep(milisecond);&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is is very hard type of coding.Not recommended for every script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2018-05-24T10:24:34.990" LastActivityDate="2018-05-24T10:24:34.990" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12912" CreationDate="2015-05-07T10:55:08.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you required Image validations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way is to compare your screenshot.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/grp/post/2102114-230457057&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check this link 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21179019/how-to-compare-set-of-images-in-java-using-pixel-based-image-comparision-metric&quot;&gt;check here to get answers.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, you have to check it by yourself.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Note: You can check if an element is not loaded in the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T12:21:07.960" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T12:21:07.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12937" CreationDate="2015-05-07T11:12:51.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please use &lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; both in the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.close – It closes the the browser window on which the focus is set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.quit – It basically calls driver.dispose method which in turn closes all the browser windows and ends the WebDriver session gracefully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingdiaries.com/driver-close-and-driver-quit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reference&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T05:24:42.023" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T05:24:42.023" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12947" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-07T11:25:11.460" Score="1" ViewCount="421" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our vision is to have central storage of consolidated test cases across all departments and to store it as a separate project in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/alm-software-development-testing/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP ALM&lt;/a&gt;. This would allow us to collect test cases across different projects and store it in a common project in HP ALM.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is this a good approach and what pro's / cons will it give us?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Many projects are using BPT testing and some projects are  doing manual testing in HP ALM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11939" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T13:56:58.033" LastActivityDate="2015-12-06T14:11:36.883" Title="Should I consolidate test cases across projects by using a common project in HP ALM?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12215" CreationDate="2015-05-07T12:58:10.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of your goals are unrealistic/unachievable.  An example is the 10 millisecond field to field transition time.   Most Monitors in desktop use refresh at the 60hz rate, which leaves each frame on the screen for 16-17ms.  Some studies suggest that the barrier for human perceptibility is about 50ms.  So, to even test this you would need specialized hardware and software that most of your users are not going to have deployed due to cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The remainder of the items are easily covered by a standard automated functional testing tool with built in timing capability. Even though automated functional tools have built in timers (well, most of the tools anyway), few people seem to take advantage of this capability for timing and thus collection of performance information earlier in the QA cycle, instead of leaving questions of performance to the &quot;performance team.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your last two items can be accomplished using a headless database query tool which returns the first byte of the returned data set.  Some automated functional testing tools have the capability of connecting to a database directly to run such queries, but not all. Setting a timer is key here as well.  You can also pull a profiling report to cross check the performance of a particular set of queries across a variety of parameter sets. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T12:58:10.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12618" CreationDate="2015-05-07T13:08:36.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at LoadRunner from HP or Cloud Test Lite from SOASTA.  You can pull your JavaScript code into either tool to use to prep your XHR requests.  Both tools have an excellent track record for both REST and SOAP support as well as emulation of standard browser capability for cookies and the ability to extract data from a response to place into a subsequent request.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The native language for LoadRunner is C.  You can transpose the code to Java or VB if you wish with the associated higher resource cost per virtual user.  For CloudTest it is JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both tools are no cost at the lowest license level, up to 50 users for LoadRunner and up to 100 threads to CloudTest.  Keep in mind a real browser would have more than one download thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T13:08:36.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2015-05-07T13:12:38.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a manual tester you likely don't have the foundation skills yet in place to be a performance tester, independent of tool.  Look to the automated functional testing tool path.  Here you will need to leverage your refined functional testing skills along with development skills to answer questions related to functional quality.  If you want to add an extra &quot;bump&quot; in value, begin timing page loads, looking at the developer tools section of the browser for inappropriately staged resources or missing resources and providing this performance impact information early for fixing earlier (and associated cost savings).  After all, it cannot scale to many unless it is first performant for a single user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T13:12:38.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12381" CreationDate="2015-05-07T13:20:53.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of the classical big tools, such as Mercury/HP LoadRunner, Silk/Borland/Microfocus Performer &amp;amp; Rational/IBM Performance Tester all have strong client-server testing backgrounds.  Most of these tools began in the two tier client-server arena and support collection (recording) or development in dozens (in once case over 30) difference interfaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LoadRunner historically has been the technically strongest tool in this set, supporting the largest number and types of interfaces, followed by Borland/Microfocus and IBM.  There was a note above asking about architecture of the add ins and this is key.  Understanding what is the next upstream server component and how the widget communicates is critical.  You may even have to mix protocols/interfaces in a single piece of test code and you will need a tool which supports them all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T13:20:53.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2015-05-07T13:23:00.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a single user, check out Charles Proxy.  While Shunra's offerings (now a part of HP) are the presidential armored Cadillac of solutions, and well worth the money, sometimes they are overkill.   Charles can slow down the connection to allow you to look at the performance as it degrades over connection speed just fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.charlesproxy.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T13:23:00.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5062" CreationDate="2015-05-07T14:03:04.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;On Linux, you can use the trickle command to limit a process's network speed.  Here is the short description from the trickle website:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;trickle is a portable lightweight userspace bandwidth shaper. It can run in collaborative mode (together with trickled) or in stand alone mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;trickle works by taking advantage of the unix loader preloading. Essentially it provides, to the application, a new version of the functionality that is required to send and receive data through sockets. It then limits traffic based on delaying the sending and receiving of data over a socket. trickle runs entirely in userspace and does not require root privileges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T14:03:04.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12954" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-07T14:41:29.403" Score="2" ViewCount="281" Body="&lt;p&gt;We need to consolidate Test cases across all projects.We have an idea of using Synchronizer.I am totally new to it. Currently we are using ALM 11.5 version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how to synchronize test cases from one projects to another.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11939" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T08:47:10.997" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T08:47:10.997" Title="Test cases can be synchronized in HP ALM 11.5 using Synchronizer .How is it possible?" Tags="&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-01-23T12:07:11.603" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12888" CreationDate="2015-05-07T14:55:09.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check this great blog: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/web-services-api-testing-tool-soapui-tutorial-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/web-services-api-testing-tool-soapui-tutorial-1/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second you can check the free courses here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://soapui-tutorial.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://soapui-tutorial.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11255" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-05-07T18:33:04.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12937" CreationDate="2015-05-07T16:22:26.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I solved it, but it might not be best practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, in each test method I assign that method to a current thread variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;targetThread = Thread.CurrentThread;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then, when the user presses the stop test button, I kill the thread. It works like a charm. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void haltScript()&#xA;{&#xA;    targetThread.Abort();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;of course, I'm quitting the driver also, but this seems to work for stopping the execution of the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11928" LastEditorUserId="28183" LastEditDate="2018-04-24T16:14:45.303" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T16:14:45.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12947" CreationDate="2015-05-08T03:29:32.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no staight-forward answer to your question but, here are a few guidelines that may help you choose the best approcah for your organisation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is having a consolidated test cases suite the most efficient method of managing test cases in the context of your organisation and projects undertaken? The reason it's important that you know the answer to this question is because many times while the testing team wants to have a consolidated test cases suite, the departments may be operating in silos which would result either in duplication, inconsistency or becomes unmanageable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming you have decided to consolidate test cases - Think how these test cases are going to be used in the future. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can consolidate them based on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different applications &amp;amp;  their functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User roles if that is the dominating factor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business processes if it is a workflow is a dominating factor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or a combination of these. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, this differs from organisation to organisation and project to project depending on how the test cases are going to be used in the future.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11761" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T03:29:32.283" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12960" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-08T09:12:09.923" Score="1" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for some studies, papers, statistics, ... about the (hopefully positive) impact of software testing in IT projects, especially the use of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-based_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;model based testing&lt;/a&gt; (MBT).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read about the chaos report published by the standish group but I'm not sure whether its really sound?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastEditorUserId="11948" LastEditDate="2015-05-08T12:19:30.833" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T17:22:22.237" Title="Studies about the impact of testing (especially model based testing)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10450" CreationDate="2015-05-08T10:08:31.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, wait for the page to load completely (Code from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/18631629/4720017&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; question).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void waitForLoad(WebDriver driver) &#xA;{&#xA;ExpectedCondition pageLoads = new&#xA;    ExpectedCondition() {&#xA;        public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            return (Boolean)((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).equals(&quot;complete&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    };&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(pageLoads);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clear Username field and then type username&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username.clear();&#xA;//verify username is equal to &quot;&quot;&#xA;if(username==&quot;&quot;)&#xA;username.sendKeys(&quot;your username&quot;);&#xA;//verify username is typed correctly&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clear password field and then type password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;password.clear();&#xA;//verify username is equal to &quot;&quot;&#xA;if(password==&quot;&quot;)&#xA;password.sendKeys(&quot;your password&quot;);&#xA;//verify password&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above + using some explicit waits is just to make the script a little more stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11888" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T10:08:31.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8218" CreationDate="2015-05-08T10:19:33.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;code&gt;NoClassDefFoundError&lt;/code&gt; is thrown when the JRE can't find a class. In your case, it can't find the class &lt;code&gt;com.google.common.base.Function&lt;/code&gt;, which is not added to your classpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add the guava-18.0.jar to the classpath of the project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user11888" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T10:19:33.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12960" CreationDate="2015-05-08T13:53:16.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A study from the early 90's about software ? I can hardly call it relevant to today's software industry.&#xA;The change in technology is far more than just a gradual increase in scale, it requires totally different approach.&#xA;Terms like continuous delivery, SaaS, testing in production or A/B testing are related to much more than another suite of functional or load tests they require a totally different approach to development and even the product and customers themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T13:53:16.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12911" CreationDate="2015-05-08T14:01:44.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It happens, because @AND keyword is parsed like the keyword prior to it. So, in case your test looks like that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@When user logs in application&#xA;@And navigates to landing page&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it's similar to the the case below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@When user logs in application&#xA;@When navigates to landing page&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, I stick to avoid using @AND keywords, because binding mismatch could occur if someone will insert a step which begins from different keyword. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@When user logs in application&#xA;**@Then check that userpic is displayed**&#xA;@And navigates to landing page&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example @AND keyword will be remapped to keyword @THEN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2304" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T14:01:44.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12967" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="12968" CreationDate="2015-05-08T14:04:32.903" Score="3" ViewCount="31118" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some script which is written with selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, I have put some assert statement in between script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When an assert statement fails my script stops execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to continue my script after a failed assert statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-08T15:28:06.197" LastActivityDate="2019-07-23T11:48:26.550" Title="Is there any way to continue selenium web driver script after assert fails?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12967" CreationDate="2015-05-08T14:23:45.743" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, use soft assertions &lt;a href=&quot;http://javadox.com/org.testng/testng/6.8/org/testng/asserts/SoftAssert.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Soft assertions are assertions that do not terminate the test when they fail but their results are included in the test execution report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More articles on that topic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19091526/how-soft-assertions-work&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19091526/how-soft-assertions-work&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rameshbaskar.wordpress.com/2013/09/11/soft-assertions-using-testng/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://rameshbaskar.wordpress.com/2013/09/11/soft-assertions-using-testng/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://beust.com/weblog/2009/06/25/soft-asserts/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://beust.com/weblog/2009/06/25/soft-asserts/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2019-07-23T11:24:47.577" LastActivityDate="2019-07-23T11:24:47.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="12969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12967" CreationDate="2015-05-08T14:32:53.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can create extension methods for directly asserting elements. &#xA;There you can wrap the assert statements with a try catch. In the catch, you can add the exception message to a log if you have one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static class SafeAssertExtensions&#xA;{&#xA;    public static void AreEquals(this IWebElement element, string expectedText)&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (element.Text == null)&#xA;            {&#xA;                throw new NullReferenceException(&quot;The element text property is null.&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            Assert.AreEquals&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(element.Text, expectedText, &quot;The text- {0} was not as expected- {1}&quot;, element.Text, expectedText);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception ex)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Log.WriteLine();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add similar methods for the other types of validations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use it directly over your elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;textFieldElement.AreEquals(&quot;your sample text content&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11255" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T14:32:53.810" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12628" CreationDate="2015-05-08T15:55:06.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After running my tests in NUnit GUI I can manually go into (Tools-&gt;Save Result as XML) then a file explorer is popped allowing me to select where the XML file is saved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-05-11T11:17:30.633" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T11:17:30.633" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12898" CreationDate="2015-05-08T18:29:29.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Visual Studio you can create a Coded UI Test. &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn747198.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here is an example&lt;/a&gt; from the MSDN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can use Selenium and the Windows Phone driver. &lt;a href=&quot;https://winphonewebdriver.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Available on CodePlex&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T18:29:29.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12715" CreationDate="2015-05-08T18:44:26.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use waitForText. It will check for the element and if found assert it's text content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.google.com/&lt;/a&gt; as the Base URL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;/&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=About&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;About&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-08T18:44:26.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12975" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-09T04:43:50.353" Score="1" ViewCount="727" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to automation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am testing my web application (php) using ranorex automation tool. Whenever I record my test case, it is recording perfectly but when I play my test case it stops(sometimes get hanged) at the middle and fail my test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the reason that is creating this issue? Also, can anybody suggest good video tutorials for beginners for Data driven testing with global parameters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11955" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T05:28:22.420" Title="Automation Testing with Ranorex" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-20T20:29:32.407" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12967" CreationDate="2015-05-09T10:28:18.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Failed assertion is nothing more than &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/AssertionError.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AssertionError&lt;/a&gt; which is a subclass of &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Throwable&lt;/a&gt; so you can treat it as any other exception. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    //some assertion&#xA;} catch (AssertionError err) {&#xA;    //print error to the log&#xA;    //take screenshot&#xA;    //do whatever you want&#xA;    //do nothing&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually it is being followed by &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/exceptions/finally.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;finally&lt;/a&gt; block where the same (or other) exception is re-thrown to mark the test as failed (test case nature assumes that it is designed to test a single small bit of functionality and if some step has failed - further testing doesn't make much sense)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt; provides relevant code snippet (it's in JavaScript but the idea should be the same) under &quot;How do I Take a Screenshot When I Hit Errors?&quot; chapter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-05-09T10:28:18.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12978" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-09T10:31:39.143" Score="0" ViewCount="2548" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to compile my maven test project in intellij and everytime i compile, i get this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Buildfile: /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/build.xml&#xA;&#xA;setClassPath:&#xA;&#xA;init:&#xA;&#xA;clean:&#xA;   [delete] Deleting directory /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/build&#xA;&#xA;compile:&#xA;     [echo] making directory...&#xA;    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/build&#xA;     [echo] classpath------: /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/target/MavenProject-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar&#xA;     [echo] compiling...&#xA;    [javac] Compiling 2 source files to /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/build&#xA;    [javac] /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/src/test/java/com/acton/AppTest.java:5: package org.openqa.selenium does not exist&#xA;    [javac] import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;    [javac]                           ^&#xA;    [javac] /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/src/test/java/com/acton/AppTest.java:6: package org.openqa.selenium.firefox does not exist&#xA;    [javac] import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;    [javac]                                   ^&#xA;    [javac] /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/src/test/java/com/acton/AppTest.java:15: cannot find symbol&#xA;    [javac] symbol  : class WebDriver&#xA;    [javac] location: class com.acton.AppTest&#xA;    [javac]         WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    [javac]         ^&#xA;    [javac] /Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/src/test/java/com/acton/AppTest.java:15: cannot find symbol&#xA;    [javac] symbol  : class FirefoxDriver&#xA;    [javac] location: class com.acton.AppTest&#xA;    [javac]         WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    [javac]                                ^&#xA;    [javac] 4 errors&#xA;&#xA;BUILD FAILED&#xA;/Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/build.xml:78: Compile failed; see the compiler error output for details.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my build.xml file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!-- ========== Initialize Properties =================================== --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property environment=&quot;env&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;wspace.jars&quot;            value=&quot;${basedir}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;wspace.jars&quot;            value=&quot;/Users/un/.m2/repository&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;test.dest&quot;              value=&quot;${wspace.jars}/build&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;test.src&quot;               value=&quot;${wspace.jars}/src&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;test.reportsDir&quot;        value=&quot;/Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/reports&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;path id=&quot;testcase.path&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pathelement location=&quot;${test.dest}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${wspace.jars}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;include name=&quot;*.jar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;setClassPath&quot; unless=&quot;test.classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;path id=&quot;classpath_jars&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${wspace.jars}&quot; includes=&quot;**/*.jar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pathconvert pathsep=&quot;:&quot; &#xA;        property=&quot;test.classpath&quot; &#xA;        refid=&quot;classpath_jars&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;init&quot; depends=&quot;setClassPath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tstamp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;format property=&quot;start.time&quot; pattern=&quot;MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm aa&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tstamp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;condition property=&quot;ANT&quot;&#xA;               value=&quot;${env.ANT_HOME}/bin/ant.bat&quot;&#xA;               else=&quot;${env.ANT_HOME}/bin/ant&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;os family=&quot;mac&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/condition&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- all --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;all&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- clean --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;clean&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${test.dest}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- compile --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;compile&quot; depends=&quot;init, clean&quot; &amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;delete includeemptydirs=&quot;true&quot; quiet=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${test.dest}&quot; includes=&quot;**/*&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/delete&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo message=&quot;making directory...&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${test.dest}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo message=&quot;classpath------: ${test.classpath}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo message=&quot;compiling...&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;javac &#xA;        debug=&quot;true&quot;&#xA;        includeantruntime=&quot;true&quot;&#xA;        destdir=&quot;${test.dest}&quot;&#xA;        srcdir=&quot;${test.src}&quot;&#xA;        target=&quot;1.5&quot;&#xA;        classpath=&quot;${test.classpath}&quot;&#xA;    /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- build --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;build&quot; depends=&quot;init&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;usage&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt;&#xA;        ant run will execute the test&#xA;    &amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;path id=&quot;test.run&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${wspace.jars}&quot; includes=&quot;**/*.jar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- run --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;run&quot; &amp;gt;  &#xA;    &amp;lt;delete includeemptydirs=&quot;true&quot; quiet=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${test.reportsDir}&quot; includes=&quot;**/*&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/delete&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;java jar=&quot;${wspace.jars}&quot; fork=&quot;true&quot; spawn=&quot;true&quot; /&amp;gt;  &#xA;            &amp;lt;junit fork=&quot;yes&quot; haltonfailure=&quot;no&quot; printsummary=&quot;yes&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;classpath refid=&quot;test.run&quot; /&amp;gt;  &#xA;&#xA;              &amp;lt;!--  &amp;lt;classpath =&quot;${test.classpath}&quot;/&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;  &#xA;            &amp;lt;batchtest  todir=&quot;${test.reportsDir}&quot; fork=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;            &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${test.dest}&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;&#xA;&#xA; &amp;lt;include name=&quot;AppTest.class&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;  &#xA;            &amp;lt;/batchtest&amp;gt;    &#xA;                &amp;lt;formatter type=&quot;xml&quot; /&amp;gt;  &#xA;                &amp;lt;classpath refid=&quot;testcase.path&quot; /&amp;gt;  &#xA;        &amp;lt;/junit&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;junitreport todir=&quot;${test.reportsDir}&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;                &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${test.reportsDir}&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;                    &amp;lt;include name=&quot;TEST-*.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;  &#xA;                &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;  &#xA;                &amp;lt;report todir=&quot;${test.reportsDir}&quot; /&amp;gt;  &#xA;            &amp;lt;/junitreport&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure where im doing wrong, any help is appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastEditorUserId="10981" LastEditDate="2015-05-09T17:05:55.653" LastActivityDate="2015-05-09T20:18:41.850" Title="Ant compile failed, packages do not exist" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12980" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-09T20:18:37.287" Score="3" ViewCount="1752" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for data flow testing tool/software. I have searched many times on  the internet. But, I couldn't find any of them to fulfill my requirements. For example, &lt;a href=&quot;http://pestt.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pestt&lt;/a&gt;, this tool for control flow testing. Tool/software I'm looking for is described as follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's free or open source,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has documentation and tutorial,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desktop or web-based application, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programming language for testing doesn't matter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I desire if the tool can generate data flow graph from given source code program, test requirements, test path, and coverage result in statistic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone know the tool/software, but it doesn't meet my description. Feel free to post a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary of &lt;strong&gt;data flow testing&lt;/strong&gt; can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.khannur.com/stb6.2.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11109" LastEditorUserId="11109" LastEditDate="2016-12-31T04:20:58.587" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T07:26:23.930" Title="Data Flow Testing Tool/Software" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12978" CreationDate="2015-05-09T20:18:41.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most likely, Selenium is not in your class path, which appears to be exactly &lt;code&gt;/Users/username/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/target/MavenProject-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is surprising that you refer to this as a Maven project, and yet you choose to build it with Ant.  Maven is also a build tool, and I believe IntelliJ can build using Maven if you configure your IntelliJ module the right way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-05-09T20:18:41.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12975" CreationDate="2015-05-10T17:27:27.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe the test playback does not wait long enough for the element to appear, but as you do not give a lot of info about what your are testing and how its a bit of guessing work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would read up on how to wait for elements with Ranorex: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/test-automation-code-examples.html#c3197&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/test-automation-code-examples.html#c3197&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-10T17:27:27.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12715" CreationDate="2015-05-11T06:39:35.480" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;open&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;/programscourses/currentcourses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=CULT 454&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one worked for me, thanks everyone for  replies and comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11701" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T06:39:35.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8464" CreationDate="2015-05-11T07:43:06.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;this code work for me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();         // Clear Cookies on the browser&#xA;    driver.close();                             // Close a single browser window&#xA;&#xA;    ProfilesIni firProfiles = new ProfilesIni();        &#xA;    FirefoxProfile wbdrverprofile = firProfiles.getProfile(&quot;default&quot;);          &#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver(wbdrverprofile);                 &#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11967" LastEditorUserId="11967" LastEditDate="2015-05-15T01:35:03.037" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T01:35:03.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12143" CreationDate="2015-05-11T16:21:10.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe its one of the following issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The element was found on the location it clicks, but the page was not done rendering yet and the element is pushed into another location before the actual click. Since older version of IE could be somewhat slower this used to happen a lot to me. Make sure you wait until the page is done rendering or add a small timeout before the click to verify this is the case.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The element is actually bigger, for example its a div with a much larger size. You might be trying to click the center of the div instead of link text. Make sure you are really clicking the link text and not the center of another element.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T16:21:10.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2689" CreationDate="2015-05-11T16:34:21.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reinstall the computer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't manage to clean it far enough to reinstall this piece of software in a different language and you do not want to use a Virtual machine for evaluation. I don't see any other short term solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this questions is already so old I voted to close it, because it does not make any sense anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T16:34:21.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6290" CreationDate="2015-05-11T16:55:29.383" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really like the answer from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/issues/1622&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; Philip Beadle posted in a comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's a bad idea to test the core browser's behaviour as it's not your &#xA;  logic, i.e. you should not need to test that arrow keys work with&#xA;  options since that's something your browser implements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; (JavaScript) examples how to handle the drop from the same link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var options = element(by.id('s2id_customFilter'));&#xA;    options.sendKeys('textofyouroption')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And another one when the text changes a lot or is dynamic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var optionsElements = element(by.id('s2id_customFilter')).all(by.tagName('option'));&#xA;    optionsElements.count().then(function(count) {&#xA;      console.log('I have ' + count + ' options')&#xA;    });&#xA;    optionsElements.get(1).click(); // click on 2nd option&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to do something similar in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T16:55:29.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12362" CreationDate="2015-05-11T17:18:00.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I believe in &lt;em&gt;the automate everything pattern&lt;/em&gt;, if you cannot automate it your doing it wrong. Using Excel sheets sounds like another piece in the process that could be prone to human error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://helpnet.installshield.com/installshield18helplib/AutomatingProcesses.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;installshield documentation&lt;/a&gt; talks about that you can automate, nearly everything:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;InstallShield enables you to automate build processes through the&#xA;  automation interface without having to directly open the InstallShield&#xA;  interface and make changes in different views. By calling methods,&#xA;  setting properties, accessing collections, and so on, through the&#xA;  automation interface, you can open a project and modify its features&#xA;  and component data in many of the same ways that you would in the&#xA;  InstallShield interface. In addition, you can build a release using&#xA;  the Build method of the InstallShield automation interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would mean the steps are all in code in the version control system, and not in loose documentation or Excel sheets. After updating the InstallShield project have the build system install the system and run some automated tests against it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe also read-up on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DevOps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DevOps&lt;/a&gt; practises: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mobify.com/blog/devops-101-best-practices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mobify.com/blog/devops-101-best-practices/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully the build team is inspired by the DevOps automate it all and they become your best friends in assisting getting everything up and running :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-11T17:18:00.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12992" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-11T17:19:01.860" Score="2" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I used mouse events and did get a working solution that is pretty ugly :).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I may be at a point that automating this page will not be possible. I am trying to click a popup menu that appears upon clicking an image (arrow). The problem is once I click the arrow, the popup menu does not exist anywhere that I can find. I cannot inspect its element either. It crashes the &quot;inspect element&quot; in IE (page must load in IE) and a using a third party extension DebugBar also does nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whats happening is that in some cases when I select the popup link it opens in a new frame on the same page. The javascript changes everything for the new frame. When it instead uses a new URL (pop up window) I won't have problems navigating. Only when I need the new frame to appear so that I can get the new elments on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a9CTV.png&quot; alt=&quot;A brief picture of the menu.&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if anyone have any ideas I could try. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To click the arrow I have to navigate the DOM using an Xpath as the id does not exist. (the &quot;import&quot; icon is a button separate from the arrow) Maybe there is something I can do with calling javascript in the source?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the target in many places is the UCF_Mainframe. Just most of the changes happen in the javascript (which I can view all the functions by viewing source). What I believe is happening is the popup is all javascript rendered so its probably just an onclick event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main body:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;TD id=import title=&quot;Import&quot; class=clsHeaderItem selectedImg=&quot;x&quot; unselectedImg=&quot;null&quot; targetArgument=&quot;&quot; target=&quot;UCF_X&quot; url=&quot;&quot; dataFrame=&quot;null&quot; popUp=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;TABLE style=&quot;TABLE-LAYOUT: fixed&quot; cellSpacing=0 width=&quot;100%&quot; cellpading=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;TBODY&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;TR&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;TD class=&quot;BorderTop BorderBottom BorderLeft&quot; height=55 width=&quot;100%&quot; align=center&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;SPAN id=0&amp;gt;Import&amp;lt;/SPAN&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;DIV align=center valign=&quot;middle&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;DIV style=&quot;PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; PADDING-TOP: 2px&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;IMG id=0 src=&quot;x&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;IMG id=0 src=&quot;xx&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;IMG id=1 src=&quot;x3&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;---Arrow Element Here&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/TD&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/TR&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/TBODY&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/TABLE&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/TD&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I saw with creating a action builder was that it doesn't behave exactly like a mouse cursor so when you hover over the area it doesn't see it because there are no elements being hovered over it. Though I have not tried this extensively yet. Maybe I could try manually changing the mouse cursor location and than &quot;click&quot; but this is probably an ugly way to do things so I will wait to try it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all this fails I will have to end up going directly to the DB which I don't want to do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11971" LastEditorUserId="11971" LastEditDate="2015-05-11T18:48:23.227" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T11:48:22.517" Title="Clicking a Non Existent DOM item" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13007" CreationDate="2015-05-12T02:23:22.483" Score="1" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test an application which does not have any specification or user manual. It has evolved over a period of time and there are no similar products in the market yet. I know exploratory testing is the way to go but where do I start? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11761" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T10:55:03.450" Title="How to test an application without any specification?" Tags="&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12997" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27060" CreationDate="2015-05-12T02:35:26.133" Score="1" ViewCount="580" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a set of automated checks running in a VM. The same cases are scheduled to executed against Chrome, Firefox and IE browsers. Internet explorer tests always fail with a black screen. Why? How can I solve this issue? &#xA;I've tried suggestion like leaving the VM logged on and so on but didn't help...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11761" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T10:12:15.220" Title="Why does my Selenium - python automation fails for IE browser in VM?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="12998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12996" CreationDate="2015-05-12T05:48:10.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At first review this Application Properly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then create test scenario and Risk Management.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If any problem about Application's any functionality, then communicate with Client and Project Manager.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T06:58:34.287" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T06:58:34.287" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12980" CreationDate="2015-05-12T06:00:54.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can manage data flow testing using Mindmap Tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edraw Mind Map is a free mind map software with rich examples and templates which make it easy to create mind maps, brain-storming diagrams, project timeline, life planner, SWOT analysis and sketch maps. Check more details in Edraw Site&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please check this tool &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.edrawsoft.com/freemind.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;EDraw&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wisemapping.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wisemapping.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-10T08:39:48.977" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T08:39:48.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13002" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-12T07:46:05.293" Score="0" ViewCount="11805" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to test an iPhone app on my Windows laptop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any tool / simulator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I install the build on that simulator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11980" LastEditorUserId="7340" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T08:10:23.913" LastActivityDate="2020-08-12T05:23:42.180" Title="I want to test iphone app on my windows laptop" Tags="&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-05-20T20:19:02.850" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13002" CreationDate="2015-05-12T08:15:07.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although &lt;a href=&quot;https://eclipse.org/downloads/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eclipse&lt;/a&gt; is for developing iPhone apps, you can still use it to simulate an iPhone and use it on Windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has been asked on StackOverflow: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2839875/iphone-app-development-on-eclipse-ide&quot;&gt;iPhone Development on Eclipse IDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7340" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T08:15:07.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13004" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-12T08:24:54.940" Score="0" ViewCount="1801" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently setting up PageObject with PageFactory Automation tests. I currently have a screenCapture.java and I try to call the method within the screenCapture when there's an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code from screenCapture:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void screenshotOnError() throws IOException {&#xA;    long epoch = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;    String ssTimestamp = String.valueOf(epoch);&#xA;&#xA;    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;/Users/sqadan/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/screenshots/&quot; + ssTimestamp + &quot;.jpg&quot;));&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and here's the code that's calling the screenshotOnError method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    try {&#xA;        username.sendKeys(myUsername);&#xA;        password.sendKeys(myPassword);&#xA;        loginButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;        logs.InfoDetails(&quot;Login successful&quot;);&#xA;    }catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;        logs.errorDetails(&quot;Login unsuccessful&quot;);&#xA;        s.screenshotOnError();&#xA;        Assert.fail();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I currently have this test to purposely fail, but when it does, I get a NPE exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;at com.acton.util.screenCapture.screenshotOnError(screenCapture.java:24)&#xA;at com.acton.team.inbound.actonLogin.doLogin(actonLogin.java:46)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T20:36:14.133" Title="Getting NPE on screencapture with an error" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13002" CreationDate="2015-05-12T09:05:06.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there are no known iPhone emulators for windows on which you can test iPhone applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only alternative I can think of is installing Mac OS X in a virtualbox virtual machine and run XCode and the iOS emulator in an virtual machine. Although this might be a legal issue, since you are not allowed to virtualize Mac OS X under Windows. Never the less see this blog explaining how to install it in a VM: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.macbreaker.com/2015/01/virtualbox-yosemite-zone.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.macbreaker.com/2015/01/virtualbox-yosemite-zone.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want todo real iPhone development and testing cheaply your best bet is to buy a second hand Mac Mini.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T09:05:06.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13002" CreationDate="2015-05-12T09:18:08.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use this simulator: iPadian &lt;a href=&quot;https://ipadian.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://ipadian.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11609" LastEditorUserId="46308" LastEditDate="2020-08-12T05:23:42.180" LastActivityDate="2020-08-12T05:23:42.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12996" CreationDate="2015-05-12T10:17:51.950" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get familiar with the application by using it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to get an overview and notice the different areas / components you recognize.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the application from a user point of view.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A lot of questions will come up in your mind. Write them down and clarify them later with business analysts and developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aks the following questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What type of users use our application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many users we have?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What technology is behind the application? (Programming Language, Services, Dependencies, Hardware etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which browser, operating system and so on is supported?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which features are the most important ones?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a page in your intranet Wiki or something similar to notice each single information you get. On this way you can take a look there, if you forget something and you can give it to other people that are new in the compony.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure that this list is not nearly complete. But I hope it will help you. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T10:17:51.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13008" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-12T10:50:48.813" Score="3" ViewCount="89874" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Question is How to check whether the element is clickable or not ?.Is there any method to chat that like isElementVisible() or IsElementPresent() and etc ... Please let me know if one is having a knowledge about this problem. My scripting language is javascript+Node.js and using selenium webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T17:33:39.750" LastActivityDate="2019-07-23T17:28:35.270" Title="How to determine whether element is clickable or not?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-05-20T20:18:44.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13009" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-12T11:00:01.867" Score="4" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am analyzing a web application and want to predict the maximum users that application can support. Now i have the below numbers out of my load test execution 1. Response Time 2. Throughput 3. CPU&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the application use case SLA Response Time - 4 Secs CPU - 65%&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i execute load test of 10 concurrent users (without Think Time) for a particular use case the average response time reaches 3.5 Seconds and CPU touches 50%. Next I execute load test of 20 concurrent users and response time reaches 6 seconds and CPU 70% thus surpassing the SLA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application server configuration is 4 core 7 GB RAM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going by the data does this suggests that the web application can support only 10 user at a time? Is there any formula or procedure which can suggest what is the maximum users the application can support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TIA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11982" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T08:26:28.477" Title="Estimating maximum users that an application can support" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12992" CreationDate="2015-05-12T11:48:22.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;when I select the popup link it opens in a new frame on the same page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For webdriver, you have to explicitly move the driver to a new frame. If you can identify the frame, you can use &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame()&lt;/code&gt; to find elements inside it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T11:48:22.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13008" CreationDate="2015-05-12T11:54:06.643" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can click text. It just (usually) doesn't DO anything. Everything that exists CAN be clicked -- you can move your pointer over it and click the mouse. Whether the application does anything with that click event is up to the logic behind the page, which Selenium can't help you with because it doesn't know how your application works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example with clickable text: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsfiddle.net/xqnxkhuw/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://jsfiddle.net/xqnxkhuw/&lt;/a&gt; (click the words in the lower-right panel to see it in action)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what you're after is really domain knowledge, which we can't help you with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T11:54:06.643" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13012" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-12T12:03:04.057" Score="5" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had some questions around system/integration test. We have a development team and a full QA team, which does customer focused testing for our product. We want to introduce a middle test team which is more of an extension of the engineering orr, a system integration test team if you will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thinking about the rules for what the developers are expected to test, what this new team is expected to test, and the final QA customer team. The problem it is supposed to solve is the QA team gets code which is not really tested well, and falls apart right away, since developers are doing unit tests mostly, and QA is doing scale, customer focused scenarios. We are doing smoke to take care of the immediate fall apart, but want to do some more, take a bit of load off the devs, but not all the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The project is in python and its a bunch of different modules that interact with each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers today do only unit tests, class level, and some very very limited &quot;system&quot; level tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was interested in finding out what other folks do for a mix like this. I want the developers to do more &quot;System&quot; level testing, something where they test their components end to end in the system perspective also, at some scale larger than one operation or two concurrent operations. But I am coming up against the question of what is expected out of this new team in that case. The only things I can think of are scale and a full all-components-together testing, but thats something the QA team will do in any case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11899" LastEditorUserId="11899" LastEditDate="2015-05-12T13:58:25.757" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T13:46:11.473" Title="System integration testing" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13015" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-04-14T16:20:41.280" Score="0" ViewCount="330" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently had some trouble getting automatic testing working on a new machine. I'm using Codeception and Selenium, and everything worked fine on my old Windows 8 machine (I'm now on Ubuntu). My coworker has also run the tests without problems on his Macbook. This is a Laravel project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I try to run the tests (with &lt;code&gt;./vendor/bin/codecept run acceptance&lt;/code&gt;), a Firefox window opens, but does not resize to the specified window size, and never shows any content. After a minute or two, this is the terminal output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Codeception PHP Testing Framework v2.0.9&#xA;Powered by PHPUnit 4.4.1 by Sebastian Bergmann.&#xA;&#xA;  [UnknownServerException]                       &#xA;  Process timed out after waiting for 45000 ms.&#xA;&#xA;run [-c|--config=&quot;...&quot;] [--report] [--html[=&quot;...&quot;]] [--xml[=&quot;...&quot;]] [--tap[=&quot;...&quot;]] [--json[=&quot;...&quot;]] [--colors] [--no-colors] [--silent] [--steps] [-d|--debug] [--coverage[=&quot;...&quot;]] [--coverage-html[=&quot;...&quot;]] [--coverage-xml[=&quot;...&quot;]] [--coverage-text[=&quot;...&quot;]] [--no-exit] [-g|--group=&quot;...&quot;] [-s|--skip=&quot;...&quot;] [-sg|--skip-group=&quot;...&quot;] [--env=&quot;...&quot;] [-f|--fail-fast] [suite] [test]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I close the window before the error is displayed, then &lt;em&gt;another&lt;/em&gt; Firefox window opens, but it resizes correctly and begins running the tests. Huh? I can't even computer...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does this happen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Originally, when I closed the first window, I was getting another error, but upgrading to the latest Selenium (2.45.0) fixed that problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11931" OwnerDisplayName="Scott Weldon" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:22:30.837" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:22:30.837" Title="Why does Codeception / Selenium give &quot;UnknownServerException&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13012" CreationDate="2015-05-12T13:47:58.617" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds as if you want to avoid giving QA a build that falls apart right away.  One way to address this is to add a smoke test to the development cycle.  There are &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=smoke-testing&quot;&gt;other SQA questions&lt;/a&gt; that cover smoke testing, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12666/smoke-testing-by-dev-team&quot;&gt;Smoke testing by Dev team&lt;/a&gt;.  I won't try to repeat that information here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One goal of smoke-testing is to encourage developers to deliver QA builds that at least pass a minimum level of quality.  Another goal is to avoid wasting the QA team's time.  Delegating smoke-testing to the middle QA team might cut down on wasted time for the final QA customer team.  I do not think it would encourage developers to improve the quality of the QA builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T13:47:58.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12143" CreationDate="2015-05-12T17:22:18.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sort of thing isn't usually related to screen resolution but instead to browser zoom level. Is IE set to zoom at all? Sometimes this can accidentally occur due to accidental activation of keyboard shortcuts, so do actually check. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T17:22:18.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13012" CreationDate="2015-05-12T17:33:46.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;User246 is right, smoke testing by dev team should give QA team more stable product to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am concerned about your whole approach. &lt;strong&gt;You cannot &quot;assure quality by more testing&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt; Better approach (better use of time of all the people involved) is to realize that &lt;strong&gt;quality has to be build in, and it is everyone responsibility,&lt;/strong&gt; not only QA. QA provides information about current status of product quality, but cannot &quot;assure&quot; it if developers do not care about quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better use of intermediate QA team time (best return on time invested) would be to develop automated test for most important functionality and use continuous integration to check for any regressions. Run all those automated test in order of increasing complexity (smoke test first, then happy path of important functionality, then rest). Manual QA testers would test some tricky/specific scenarios for which you do not have automated tests yet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T17:33:46.917" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10033" CreationDate="2015-05-12T18:11:15.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best way it to talk to your internal customer and/or user interface designer find out what customers want, and what your team wants to deliver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they want confirmation dialog (consistently across your app), you fail the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If UI designer wants to avoid extra click to dismiss dialog (and add i.e. some message in the header or other less annoying place), you need to change requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any differences between requirements and implementation should start dialog (ideally, before implementation happened but you know that developers are often not the best in communication). Maybe implemented way is better, and requirements needs to change (because customer did not envision better way, and asked for inferior way). Maybe it is worse, and code needs to change. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you will never know until you ask customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T18:11:15.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13020" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-12T21:18:32.817" Score="0" ViewCount="3318" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im not sure why, but ever time my screenshot is executed, the images are saved as blank.&#xA;heres the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void screenshotOnError() throws IOException {&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    long epoch = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;    String ssTimestamp = String.valueOf(epoch);&#xA;&#xA;    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;/Users/sqadan/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/screenshots/&quot; + ssTimestamp + &quot;.jpg&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the code that's calling this method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    @Test&#xA;    public websiteProspector_beta doLogin(String myUsername, String myPassword) throws IOException {&#xA;    logs.InfoDetails(&quot;Logging into Tomcat8- 2092&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        username.sendKeys(myUsername);&#xA;        password.sendKeys(myPassword);&#xA;        loginButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(driver.getPageSource().contains(cF.homePage), true);&#xA;        logs.InfoDetails(&quot;Login successful&quot;);&#xA;    }catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;        logs.errorDetails(&quot;Login unsuccessful&quot;);&#xA;        tU.screenshotOnError();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T23:02:39.560" Title="Blank screenshot with WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13020" CreationDate="2015-05-12T23:02:39.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your screenshot function is creating a new WebDriver instance each time and then taking a screenshot of the default blank page in firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try passing in your test's WebDriver instance so you get a picture from your test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static public void screenShotOnError(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    long epoch = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;    String ssTimestamp = String.valueOf(epoch);&#xA;    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;/Users/sqadan/Desktop/workFiles/maven/MavenProject/screenshots/&quot; + ssTimestamp + &quot;.jpg&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then call it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tU.screenshotOnError(driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5767" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T23:02:39.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12021" CreationDate="2015-05-12T23:35:24.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's only difficult until you learn how to program.  :)  If you're already using Java and Selenium then you know how to program.  You will have to learn how the code you're testing works and you will need to learn how to write unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tl;dr you can do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user1780" LastActivityDate="2015-05-12T23:35:24.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12975" CreationDate="2015-05-13T05:28:22.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please view these videos : &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/user/RanorexChannel/videos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/user/RanorexChannel/videos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First you practice in different test suite's functional testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then learn about different testing Frame work (Data Driven Testing,Hybrid Testing, Keyword-Driven Testing ) and start testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visit these sites &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/screencasts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ranorex.com/support/screencasts.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;2.&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/lesson-3-data-driven-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/lesson-3-data-driven-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T05:28:22.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13002" CreationDate="2015-05-13T05:50:03.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can install iPhone apps in windows laptop.But this is not correct environment for iPhone apps. You can miss different GUI bugs.&#xA;Must test apps in real device. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can test apps in Cloud like ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://xamarin.com/test-cloud&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://xamarin.com/test-cloud&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T05:50:03.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13025" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-13T06:29:30.233" Score="0" ViewCount="1349" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anybody help me out of getting tool tip from a  tag which is the object location where there is no title or any other attributes that contain the tool tip value.&#xA;My object location is present in the below tag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;rect style=&quot;cursor: pointer; stroke: rgb(192, 192, 192); stroke-opacity: 0.000001; fill-opacity: 0.000001; fill: rgb(192, 192, 192);&quot; x=&quot;634.5&quot; y=&quot;46.5&quot; width=&quot;50&quot; height=&quot;130&quot; rx=&quot;1&quot; ry=&quot;1&quot; stroke=&quot;#c0c0c0&quot; stroke-opacity=&quot;0.000001&quot; stroke-width=&quot;1&quot; fill-opacity=&quot;0.000001&quot; fill=&quot;#c0c0c0&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the tool tip value is &quot;Standard, DLOB, 16,545,429&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11997" LastEditorUserId="3218" LastEditDate="2015-05-13T12:27:25.727" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T17:46:21.317" Title="Tooltip from a &lt;rect&gt; tag of svg" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13012" CreationDate="2015-05-13T07:25:17.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What we currently use in our continuous integration system is the multiple layered environments, which may also cater for your needs. Let me describe it a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dev Environment - Mostly Dev`s localhost setup in which code gets build and unit tested. What we learned here is that involving a tester early on to help with the scenarios helps a huge deal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Test - Successful builds delivered to QA(might start here with the new team), deployed and tested early on. Dev implication should be just support here for configuration/bugs. I wouldn`t have the dev team do &quot;More&quot; testing since they are biased on their &quot;little babies&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UAT env - to me this mostly looks like the description for your current QA team. Quality of the builds will be greater than System(might want to use a branching system on this one). Also we use this env to let the customers QA Team do their work here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PreProduction - Most accurate replica of the prod environment, mostly used to check the deployment process + quick smoke testing by the UAT/Systest team. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T07:25:17.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13009" CreationDate="2015-05-13T07:33:06.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That sounds very underwhelming to be honest. But it is not a bad thing though because you might have spotted something bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would actually let the load run for a while, check which processes are eating up the resources and actually do a bit of debugging to see what`s going on inside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that is the expected behavior of the app.(which i doubt) try using other tools to run the load tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T07:33:06.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13008" CreationDate="2015-05-13T07:46:31.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is only valid if Element has disabled property in HTML DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to check whether the element has &quot;disabled&quot; attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more on that here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_input_disabled.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML  disabled Attribute&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_textarea_disabled.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Textarea disabled Property&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_fieldset_disabled.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML  disabled Attribute&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11222" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T18:05:43.047" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T18:05:43.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13030" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-13T08:55:53.287" Score="2" ViewCount="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're using Jenkins to run tests against DB over TLS. For that JDK on Jenkins node requires DB certificate to be installed in the keystore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have added certificate to JDK keystore and it worked fine until we upgraded minor version of JDK (from 1.8.11 to 1.8.45). It looks like every time we upgrade JDK, keystore is refreshed. Is there a way to avoid reinstalling certificates every time we upgrade JDK?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T08:55:53.287" Title="Jenkins looses certificates each time we upgrade JDK" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-07-05T21:30:47.327" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13008" CreationDate="2015-05-13T10:37:01.453" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First Solution&lt;/strong&gt; : By default you cannot find the element is click able or not you must have to perform click action on that element and after clicking on the element check any unique locator after click event perform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second Solution&lt;/strong&gt; : check the element tag name&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String tagname=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id&quot;)).getTagName();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if it is button then check it's attribute is not disabled. then it is click able.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T10:37:01.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13008" CreationDate="2015-05-13T10:41:39.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do this test as little different way.I am using exception of wait.You can also use more time for wait object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Code written in Java&#xA;public static boolean isClickable(WebElement webe)      &#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(yourWebDriver, 5);&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(webe));&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call this method in your class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;boolean bst = className.isClickable(&quot;your element&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If bst is true then element is clickable otherwise not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2019-07-23T17:28:35.270" LastActivityDate="2019-07-23T17:28:35.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13004" CreationDate="2015-05-13T10:55:49.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/em&gt; (NPE) can occur in some situations. To prevent them, try to avoid these situations: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your browser should be open in screen. You can not minimize while taking screenshot. This is a known limitation - screenshot captures only work with opened/window display.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Remove turn off display option from sleep mode. If your test system has display off while in sleep mode, you will receive a null pointer exception because there is no display to take a screenshot of.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This scenario is very rare: If you have dual screens and you are working in primary window while running your test case in the secondary screen, you will get a null pointer exception. It's best to run your test cases in the primary screen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've eliminated these possible causes, if you're still getting null pointer exceptions taking screenshots, you could try these links to see if they help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10947101/how-to-capture-screenshot-in-selenium-webdriver-using-java-without-window-being&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10947101/how-to-capture-screenshot-in-selenium-webdriver-using-java-without-window-being&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T11:34:59.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13036" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-13T11:02:29.897" Score="1" ViewCount="18901" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium webdriver with python. I am not able to find a way in python by which I can switch the webdriver to a new browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My web application have  multiple links and buttons&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clicking on any of  them leads to a new browser window being opened.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for clicking on buttons and link I have used below code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;input[type=\&quot;submit\&quot;]&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;btn1&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;#linksPlace &amp;gt; #OIT&amp;gt; a&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For selecting subsequent browser windows, I have used below code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for handle in driver.window_handles:&#xA;    print handle&#xA;    driver.switch_to_window(handle)&#xA;    driver.get_window_position(handle)&#xA;    driver.save_screenshot('E:\Selenium scripts\demo.png')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However  I am not able to navigate to that new browser window. I have used below command as well, but things didn't work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     driver.switch_to_window(driver.window_handles[-1])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way by which I can navigate to new browser window?&#xA;I have seen that there are functions which exist in java and c# to do the same, but struggled so far in python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12001" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T16:47:44.317" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T16:47:44.317" Title="how can i switch to the new instance of browser in python selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-05-20T20:18:15.060" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13025" CreationDate="2015-05-13T11:43:27.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is, tooltips are a browser thing (because they are ultimately an OS thing), not a web thing. The tooltip itself isn't attached to the DOM; therefore, webdriver can't &quot;see&quot; it. If the text is generated from something on the DOM, webdriver can read that, but in your example it is not.  So there's no way to do this that I'm aware of.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T11:43:27.160" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11837" CreationDate="2015-05-13T12:04:03.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what testing library (if any) you are using to execute the tests; I'm going to assume jUnit here, because that's what most people use for testing in Java. Similarly, I'm not sure if you're using ant or maven with this project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Using JUnit&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can invoke the JUnit test runner from the command line using the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -cp .:/usr/share/java/junit.jar junit.textui.TestRunner [classname]&lt;/code&gt; for JUnit 3.x, or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -cp .:/usr/share/java/junit.jar org.junit.runner.JUnitCore [classname]&lt;/code&gt; for 4.x&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this will only run one class full of tests, and you indicated wanting to run multiple. The way you string together multiple test classes into a single unit to execute in JUnit is by using a &lt;strong&gt;suite&lt;/strong&gt;,like follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * All smoke tests in one easy suite!&#xA; *&#xA; */&#xA;@RunWith(Suite.class)&#xA;@SuiteClasses({ FooSmokeTests.class, &#xA;    BarSmokeTests.class,&#xA;    BazSmokeTests.class})&#xA;public class AllSmokeTests {&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can run AllSmokeTests (which is the name of my test suite) with either of the above commands (depending on your JUnit version),  and it will execute FooSmokeTests, BarSmokeTests, and BazSmokeTests in turn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Using Maven&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your project is built with Maven, you can also execute the tests using maven itself. First, ensure that your pom.xml indicates which tests to run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.12.4&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;default-test&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;phase&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/phase&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;   &#xA;        &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;includes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;smokeTests/AllSmokeTests.java&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/includes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &amp;quot;include&amp;quot; line tells it to run AllSmokeTests (the suite I made above) by default, and nothing else. You can have multiple includes here to run multiple files, or if you make a suite like I did, you can put the suite here. Or you can put multiple suites. The sky is the limit!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, from the command line, inside the directory where your pom.xml is, just run &lt;code&gt;mvn test&lt;/code&gt;. This will build and run your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Using ant&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always use Maven for my test projects, but ant should have similar capabilities using the jUnit task. I found the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/12906335/719165&quot;&gt;on StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;property name=&amp;quot;target.dir&amp;quot;   value=&amp;quot;${basedir}/target&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&amp;quot;main.destdir&amp;quot; value=&amp;quot;${target.dir}/classes&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&amp;quot;test.srcdir&amp;quot;  value=&amp;quot;${basedir}/src/test/java&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&amp;quot;test.destdir&amp;quot; value=&amp;quot;${target.dir}/test-classes&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Execute all classfiles you've compiled in test-classes directory --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;junit fork=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot;&#xA;    maxmemory=&amp;quot;128m&amp;quot;&#xA;    includeAntRuntime=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classpath&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pathelement path=&amp;quot;${main.destdir}&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pathelement path=&amp;quot;${test.destdir}&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classpath&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classpath refid=&amp;quot;test.classpath&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;formatter type=&amp;quot;plain&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;batchtest&#xA;        todir=&amp;quot;${junit.batchtest.todir}&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;fileset dir=&amp;quot;${test.destdir}&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/batchtest&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/junit&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is set up to run every test class, which is a common setup; presumably, you could also target that to a specific test class and run that, or run multiple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Using vanilla Java&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're not using jUnit at all, but just have your code in a method, you can set up a main() method with the signature &lt;code&gt;public static void main(String [] args)&lt;/code&gt;. Then you can execute the code with something like &lt;code&gt;java -jar myJar&lt;/code&gt; to execute the main method inside the compiled jar myJar. You might need to edit the manifest if eclipse didn't update it; see &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar/appman.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this documentation&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T12:04:03.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13039" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13042" CreationDate="2015-05-13T12:08:35.010" Score="9" ViewCount="1528" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen the term &quot;fixture&quot; used in a number of different contexts, and I suspect I don't quite understand what is meant by the term, because I see it used to mean things that I didn't think it meant. At a high level, can someone provide a clear, concise definition of the term?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T19:40:36.863" Title="What is a 'fixture'?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13039" CreationDate="2015-05-13T12:25:37.300" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the Wikipedia definition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_fixture&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fixture&lt;/a&gt; is pretty clear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A test fixture is a fixed state of the software under test used as a&#xA;  baseline for running tests; also known as the test context. It may&#xA;  also refer to the actions performed in order to bring the system into&#xA;  such a state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In generic xUnit, a test fixture is all the things that must be in&#xA;  place in order to run a test and expect a particular outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems its a way to make sure a system is in a certain state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-13T19:40:36.863" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T19:40:36.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12916" CreationDate="2015-05-13T12:56:47.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We Migrated from previous tool to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.melioratestlab.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Meliora testlab&lt;/a&gt;. As suggested, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/fi/fi/software-solutions/application-lifecycle-management.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP ALM&lt;/a&gt; has also possibility to migrate the test data. Both tools can easily handle your amount of test scripts. For both tools you can ask the manufacturer to migrate the data for you or import it yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T12:56:47.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13039" CreationDate="2015-05-13T13:13:11.697" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, in Fitnesse or other BDD frameworks it is the &quot;glue&quot; (an intermediary software layer) that connects test scripts with the system under test (SUT). E.g. translates test commands to SUT API and responses from SUT API back to the test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My observation is this is also a reason why BDD often fails. Non-technical testers and business analysts complain there is no fixture to test new feature of the SUT and developers say it is not their problem to write them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T13:13:11.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13039" CreationDate="2015-05-13T14:18:19.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use NUnit which has a bunch of material around the word &quot;Fixture&quot; they have something called TestFixture which is declared at the beginning of your code and is defined as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;This is the attribute that marks a class that contains tests and, optionally, setup or teardown methods.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T14:18:19.760" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13045" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-13T15:25:29.580" Score="2" ViewCount="13484" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know the default answer to handling explorer.exe is to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/12872/11987&quot;&gt;use AutoIT&lt;/a&gt;, but AutoIT utilizes Java Runtime to use the exported .exe to upload the file and close the dialog. My tests are all in Protractor since this is an AngularJS app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;selectFile&lt;/code&gt; function is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selectFile: function(image) {&#xA;  var path = require('path');&#xA;  var image_path = path.resolve(__dirname, image);&#xA;&#xA;  this.uploadButton.click();&#xA;  this.uploadButton.sendKeys(image_path);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've run my full suite of tests in Chrome, Firefox, and IE11. Chrome and Firefox just leave the file upload window open and carry on their tests in the background. IE absolutely will not continue after clicking the upload button. The dialog box must be dealt with somehow, but my test can't even get to &lt;code&gt;this.uploadButton.sendKeys(image_path);&lt;/code&gt; with that window open.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to kill that File Upload box via Javascript, whether it be by process id or something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More detailed info on my attempts at getting around this are on my &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/30200305/4892895&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow question&lt;/a&gt; from before I knew this site existed. Since you all are more specialized, perhaps I can get more / different answers here, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11987" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T09:45:54.743" Title="How to Handle the File Upload dialog in Protractor for IE11?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12245" CreationDate="2015-05-13T18:40:05.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mention in the comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What happens in my application is, after POSTing something, it takes sometime to update everything(indexing involved), for that specific reason we need to wait sometime and refresh the page, otherwise if I use wait for condition/wait until element is visible/wait until page contains/wait until page contains element , I cannot refresh the page when any of those keywords wait for the expected element and hence it will definitely fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can define a custom wait action that will do exactly what you want, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; wait = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;( driver )&#xA;                .withTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    wait.until( new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() { &#xA;        @Override &#xA;        public Boolean apply( WebDriver webDriver ) {&#xA;            driver.navigate().to(appURL);&#xA;            //Check for data here. Return true if the data is what you want it to be&#xA;        }&#xA;      } );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage to doing this is that if it takes less than 60 seconds, you will exit early, making your test faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-13T18:40:05.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7065" CreationDate="2015-05-13T19:40:07.513" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we look at the try and catch we can see that we normally use catch (Exception e); but in the case of Webdriver we will have to use catch (Throwable e).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So try to use this:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement getPasswordField() {&#xA;    SmallLoginLocators slogin = PageFactory.initElements(wd, SmallLoginLocators.class);&#xA;    WebElement password;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        password = slogin.passwordField1;&#xA;    } catch (**Throwable** e) {&#xA;        password = slogin.passwordField2;&#xA;    }&#xA;    return password;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This resolved my issue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12008" LastEditorUserId="5767" LastEditDate="2015-05-14T07:53:20.357" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T07:53:20.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11837" CreationDate="2015-05-14T06:27:35.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your question I'm assuming that you want to run your automation tests built using java one after the other using a batch file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can run the tests using a batch file. Open a notepad and add your tests (binaries) like below and save is as YourTestFilename.bat&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;echo off&#xA;% java C:/Test/Test1&#xA;% java C:/Test/Test2&#xA;% java C:/Test/Test3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;% java C:/Test/Test1&#xA;% java C:/Test/Test2&#xA;% java C:/Test/Test3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Double click the batch file. If you want to schedule it, you can use Task Scheduler in windows to run your batch file. Checkout the below links to see how to schedule a task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://windows.microsoft.com/en-au/windows/schedule-task#1TC=windows-7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://windows.microsoft.com/en-au/windows/schedule-task#1TC=windows-7&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.7tutorials.com/how-create-task-basic-task-wizard&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.7tutorials.com/how-create-task-basic-task-wizard&lt;/a&gt;​&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11761" LastEditorUserId="11761" LastEditDate="2015-05-15T01:08:09.850" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T01:08:09.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11513" CreationDate="2015-05-14T08:25:34.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Selenium features the server and client are running in separate processes. Therefore when mocking time with a tool like Timecop, the browser controlled by Selenium will still see the unmocked system time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simple case: Synchronizing the client’s time with the mocked server’s time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;= render &quot;layouts/sinon&quot; # the card attached partial&#xA;Advanced case&#xA;Synchronizing the client’s time with the mocked server’s time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Include this partial in your layout and the Selenium browser will automatically be synchronized to a time mocked with Timecop:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if defined?(Timecop) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; Timecop.top_stack_item&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unix_millis = (Time.now.to_f * 1000.0).to_i&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if defined?(MOCKED_CLIENT_TIME_OFFSET) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; MOCKED_CLIENT_TIME_OFFSET&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unix_millis = ((Time.now + MOCKED_CLIENT_TIME_OFFSET.hours).to_f * 1000.0).to_i&#xA;:javascript&#xA;sinon.useFakeTimers(#{unix_millis});&#xA;Transposing the client’s time relative to the server’s time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows you to test scenarios where the server and client are in different timezones. To do this, use the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I am a client in a timezone 8 hours behind the server's timezone # transpose the time&#xA;When I am a client in the server's timezone # reset the time&#xA;Step definitions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When /^I am a client in a timezone (\d+) hours behind the server's timezone$/ do |hours_behind|&#xA;  overwrite_constant &quot;MOCKED_CLIENT_TIME_OFFSET&quot;, -(hours_behind.to_i)&#xA;end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When /^I am a client in the server's timezone$/ do&#xA;  overwrite_constant &quot;MOCKED_CLIENT_TIME_OFFSET&quot;, 0&#xA;end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11666" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T08:25:34.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11837" CreationDate="2015-05-14T08:40:02.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest just exporting a jar file for your project. All the libraries will be packaged together in the jar files(including TestNG) and you can simply double click on the jar file to start your tests. Make a runner file that calls all the tests you have to run one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;External resources (if any), will have to be available for the jar file though. The external resources might include your test data (if any) or Portable browsers (example portable firefox).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click on Project -&gt; Export -&gt; Runnable jar file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give a name and file path for the jar file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select option - &lt;em&gt;Extract required libraries into generated JAR&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And Finish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Troubleshooting&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the java version for the machines that you will be running your jar file on. Programs compiled with java 7 will mostly not run if the machine has java 6. Either compile with java 6 or update the jre on the target machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the jar file does not launch, try using Jarfix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T08:40:02.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1941" CreationDate="2015-05-14T09:59:55.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver;      &#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above will close all open browser windwos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver;      &#xA;driver.close();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will close current browser window in focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12014" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-05-14T12:46:23.790" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T12:46:23.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7065" CreationDate="2015-05-14T12:32:13.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;password = slogin.passwordField1;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is a simple assignment. It's not the line that throws the exception. PageFactory will attempt to lazy-initialize the field when it is &lt;strong&gt;used&lt;/strong&gt;, not just referenced; I'm not 100% clear on whether assignment is considered a use, but it's very likely that it's the return statement that's throwing instead. For this use case, I'm thinking letting PageFactory initialize your field is doing more harm than good. I'd say, use a traditional find here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be written entirely without exceptions that way, too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement getPasswordField() {&#xA;    SmallLoginLocators slogin = new SmallLoginLocators();&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; candidates = wd.find(By.Name(slogin.PASSWORD1));&#xA;    if (candidates.size &amp;lt;= 0) candidates = wd.find(By.Name(slogin.PASSWORD2));&#xA;    return candidates.get(0);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T12:32:13.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13009" CreationDate="2015-05-14T14:25:36.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;without Think Time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is critical to the question you are asking. Can I ask why you're performing a test without think time? In the real world, users cannot type in data and click submit at the rate an automated script can. If you do not insert timers and pauses into your automated script, you are &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; really measuring performance under 10 real world user load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same server setup will be able to support several times the user load you're measuring once you bring in think time. The multiplication factor can vary, depending on how long the user takes to submit pages (simple login page vs filling out a survey page for instance). It can possibly even be an order of magnitude higher. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is value in running tests without think times, especially if you're looking to evaluate code efficiency on the server end. Or if your aim is only to compare two servers. But if your objective is to measure how many users your server can support, please simulate load as close to real user behavior as you possibly can! This includes think times, iteration packing, ramp-up, order of transactions etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Going by the data does this suggests that the web application can support only 10 user at a time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, from the data you posted, it actually suggests a number between 10 and 20 (think-time-less) users. You can find a more precise measurement by testing at 15 users and possibly at 11, 12, 13.. etc as well (think binary-search).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11750" LastEditorUserId="11750" LastEditDate="2015-05-14T14:31:02.237" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T14:31:02.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13056" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13057" CreationDate="2015-05-14T19:49:28.603" Score="1" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am helping my friend with some medical records verification. In short, I have to through hundreds of medical records and pinpoint certain ones for verification. I want to be able to search through these hundreds of records. The problems is that the medical records can only be viewed in a protected and private HTML document, which means I cannot extract them to a pdf. I believe that the documents are in from a asp.net database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My best hope is to literally have my computer take a picture of the entire webpage. The computer screenshots, scrolls down, screenshots, scrolls down, screenshots .... etc. Does anyone know any program that will automate this iterative process. Once I have a pdf, I can easily parse it into searchable text. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12018" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T05:27:27.903" Title="Look for a program that systematically scans an entire html document." Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13056" CreationDate="2015-05-14T19:59:52.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Selenium Webdriver to automate this task. It can read the DOM of the HTML, and extract information from it; it controls a browser the same way you do, so anything you can do manually it can do (with a few exceptions). I would suggest looking into that rather than taking screenshots and parsing them as PDFs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T19:59:52.353" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13056" CreationDate="2015-05-14T20:01:17.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2 (webdriver) is designed to do exactly what you need. It allows you to simulate whatever real users can do with a browser: log to a website, click on buttons, fetch content of HTML elements, and analyze the text using any tools necessary. You can use different kinds of locators to identify HTML elements to process (ID, name, CSS class, link text etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advantage of having text from HTML elements over images is obvious: much easier to process programmatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium has bindings for many languages, but IMNSHO Python would be the best bet, because it also has excellent text processing features. Including regular expressions, if you want superweapons, but you can mostly avoid it by smart parsing and/or splitting. Unless you are expert in another language, of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-05-14T20:25:32.953" LastActivityDate="2015-05-14T20:25:32.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13059" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-14T23:32:14.507" Score="1" ViewCount="32329" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to cucumber. I have created a cucumber project but cannot seem to run the project. Every time I do, I get an error: &lt;code&gt;java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a file or directory:&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Here is how my project is set up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;|-src&#xA;  |-test&#xA;    |-java&#xA;      |-com&#xA;        |-project&#xA;          |-cucumber&#xA;              -Tester.java&#xA;              -MyFeature.feature&#xA;              -TestRunner.java&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here's what is in Tester.java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Tester {&#xA;&#xA;@Given(&quot;This is test one&quot;)&#xA;public void TestOne(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;@Given -- This is test one&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@When(&quot;This is test two&quot;)&#xA;public void TeestTwo(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;@When -- This is test two&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Then(&quot;This is test three&quot;)&#xA;public void TestThree(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;@Then -- This is test three&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@And(&quot;This is test four&quot;)&#xA;public void TestFour(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;@And -- This is test four&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@But(&quot;This is test five&quot;)&#xA;public void TestFive(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;@But -- This is test five&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here's what is in tester.feature:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: About Testers&#xA;&#xA;  In order to get a high paid job&#xA;  As a Tester&#xA;  I want to learn Automation&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Scenario: I am a Manual Tester&#xA;  Given This is test one&#xA;  When This is test two&#xA;  Then This is test three&#xA;  And This is test four&#xA;  But This is test five&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here's what is in testRunner.java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(Cucumber.class)&#xA;@CucumberOptions(&#xA;        format = {&quot;pretty&quot;, &quot;json:target/cucumber.json&quot;},&#xA;        features = {&quot;/src/test/java/com/project/cucumber&quot;}&#xA;)&#xA;public class testRunner {}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the error i am getting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a file or directory: /src/test/java/com/project/cucumber/cucumber&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.io.FileResourceIterator$FileIterator.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FileResourceIterator.java:54)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.io.FileResourceIterator.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FileResourceIterator.java:20)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.io.FileResourceIterable.iterator(FileResourceIterable.java:19)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberFeature.loadFromFeaturePath(CucumberFeature.java:101)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberFeature.load(CucumberFeature.java:54)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberFeature.load(CucumberFeature.java:34)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.RuntimeOptions.cucumberFeatures(RuntimeOptions.java:201)&#xA;    at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Cucumber.java:60)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)&#xA;    at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:101)&#xA;    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:87)&#xA;    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit46ClassesRequestBuilder.collectWrappedRunners(JUnit46ClassesRequestBuilder.java:90)&#xA;    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit46ClassesRequestBuilder.getClassesRequest(JUnit46ClassesRequestBuilder.java:51)&#xA;    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4TestRunnerUtil.buildRequest(JUnit4TestRunnerUtil.java:91)&#xA;    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:39)&#xA;    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212)&#xA;    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastActivityDate="2020-03-22T05:03:51.123" Title="cucumber java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a file or directory:" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13059" CreationDate="2015-05-15T00:43:37.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the error you are getting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a file or directory: /src/test/java/com/project/cucumber/cucumber&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the file path:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;/src/test/java/com/project/cucumber/cucumber&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your project directory, you list out the directories as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;/src/test/java/com/project/cucumber/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, there's one too many &quot;cucumber&quot; somewhere in your setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only place I can see in the paste that references this path is this line: &lt;code&gt;features = {&quot;/src/test/java/com/project/cucumber&quot;}&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you tried removing &quot;cucumber&quot; from that line? Perhaps the framework you're using is automatically adding &quot;/cucumber&quot; to your path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T00:43:37.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9496" CreationDate="2015-05-15T04:43:17.337" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check this code. It works properly in IE. All you need to set some capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities ieCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;&#xA;ieCapabilities.setCapability(&quot;nativeEvents&quot;, false);    &#xA;ieCapabilities.setCapability(&quot;unexpectedAlertBehaviour&quot;, &quot;accept&quot;);&#xA;ieCapabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignoreProtectedModeSettings&quot;, true);&#xA;ieCapabilities.setCapability(&quot;disable-popup-blocking&quot;, true);&#xA;ieCapabilities.setCapability(&quot;enablePersistentHover&quot;, true);&#xA;&#xA;driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(ieCapabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12020" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-05-15T12:55:10.677" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T12:55:10.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13063" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-15T05:50:34.610" Score="0" ViewCount="3068" Body="&lt;p&gt;The steps in the test suite are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add function.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Response of Add function in Divide function with Property Transfer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increment value if response is less than 15.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to use conditional Go to option to do this. How can I achieve this with the &lt;strong&gt;free&lt;/strong&gt; version of &lt;em&gt;SoapUI&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-07-12T11:33:40.983" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T19:06:42.367" Title="How to use conditions in SoapUI (not pro)?" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12329" CreationDate="2015-05-15T11:33:08.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For finding the application package and Activities you can use the &lt;code&gt;App info&lt;/code&gt; application from google play store  &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.migali.soft.apkinfo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.migali.soft.apkinfo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T11:33:08.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13063" CreationDate="2015-05-15T13:03:23.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can &quot;cheat it&quot; by using a groovy script to perform your conditional go to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you put your values into properties called Properties;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import com.eviware.soapui.model.testsuite.TestRunner&#xA;&#xA;String incrementvalue = context.expand( '${Properties#incrementvalue}' );&#xA;//convert to int as properties are strings by default&#xA;int convertedincrementvalue = Integer.parseInt(incrementvalue);&#xA;&#xA;if(convertedincrementvalue &amp;lt; 15)&#xA;testRunner.gotoStepByName([&quot;The name of the step you want to go to&quot;])&#xA;else&#xA;log.info(&quot;Continued&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T13:03:23.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13068" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13069" CreationDate="2015-05-15T13:39:07.493" Score="2" ViewCount="2139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently use TestNG's assertFalse to make sure a particular element is Not shown when not logged in on a site. eg&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; assertFalse(isElementPresent(PageElements.PDFLinkText),&quot;PDF link present when not expected&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this is functional, Selenium will wait for the full timeout to ensure it doesn't appear latter during load.  Is there a way to make it check for the element Without the implicit wait?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-18T16:20:36.633" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T13:58:32.547" Title="Efficent way of checking if Element is Not Present" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13068" CreationDate="2015-05-15T14:22:20.497" Score="8" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; cheeses = driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;cheese&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElements()&lt;/code&gt; does not wait, but returns list of elements (located by locator). List is empty if nothing is found (&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reference&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, Selenium elders very strongly advise to use only explicit waits (no implicit). And especially warn about &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15164742/combining-implicit-wait-and-explicit-wait-together-results-in-unexpected-wait-ti&quot;&gt;mixing implicit and explicit waits&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my work experience (in Python), converting to pure explicit waits substantially increased the stability of the test (decreased flakiness).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In response to @dzieciou comment about style vs performance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always give priority to programmer's productivity, even if generated code will be 10% slower (compilers are getting ever better). Remember, the most important speed in programming is &lt;strong&gt;speed to the market&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 90% of your computing time is spend in communication between your script and the browser, outside of your control and independent of the language you use, then it makes strong sense to use the language in which you are most productive (can write, debug and maintain most code per day). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use language in which you are twice as productive, even if such code will be half as slow as say C# code (and it would not be: OOP languages with dynamic dispatch are inherently slower than statically compiled, like C), it still does not matter: Something would take 110 sec instead of 100 sec (your code taking 20 sec instead of 10 sec, rest is spent in libraries and communication outside your control).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can deliver twice the value, and server running the test will spend extra 10% time running the tests. Nobody cares, and if: just buy faster server, they are cheap, compared to programmer's salary. If you can buy 10% faster server for 1 month salary, it pays for itself in 1 month. And after that all is just gravy, double your productivity for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T13:58:32.547" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T13:58:32.547" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13070" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-15T18:05:01.670" Score="1" ViewCount="224" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to set up a web performance test in Visual Studio 2013 (the online tutorials seem targeted at earlier versions of VS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I right click in my solution explorer and select Add ... then Web Performance test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Immediately an IE browser window pops up, and in the background IDE I see a button saying &quot;stop recording&quot;. Okay, so I'm recording, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I click through a few things on our web app, then I click &quot;stop recording&quot; in VS and nothing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The panel where I would expect to surface some kind of activity seems blank!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CqDqH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I click run test it immediately says &quot;Passed&quot;. Doesn't appear to be doing anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried running this from a separate instance of Visual Studio as well as from the same solution as our web app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when I click &quot;Show recorder&quot; nothing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm running VisualStudio 2013 Update 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12032" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T12:50:41.810" Title="Web performance test does nothing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13059" CreationDate="2015-05-15T18:35:37.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fixed the issue by removing '/' before the 'src'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastActivityDate="2015-05-15T18:35:37.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13072" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-16T04:20:18.697" Score="3" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need complete start to end scrum process for testing a change.&#xA;From taking a bug/enhancement from the product backlog , getting a BRD/FSD, writing Test scenarios......to........logging bugs to Jira or what ever is the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T10:19:29.973" Title="What is the complete scrum process for testing a change from start to end" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13045" CreationDate="2015-05-16T05:14:30.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can't interact with the native OS file browser dialog directly,&#xA;  but we do some magic so that if you call&#xA;  WebElement#sendKeys(&quot;/path/to/file&quot;) on a file upload element, it does&#xA;  the right thing. Make sure you don't WebElement#click() the file&#xA;  upload element, or the browser will probably hang. &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/FrequentlyAskedQuestions#Q:_Does_WebDriver_support_file_uploads?&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source - Selenium WebDriver Wiki.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor uses WebDriverJS (&lt;a href=&quot;https://angular.github.io/protractor/#/control-flow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;). Check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://angular.github.io/protractor/#/api?view=webdriver.WebElement.prototype.sendKeys&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Protractor sendKeys() API documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T05:14:30.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13009" CreationDate="2015-05-16T05:34:11.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer your question simply, use this tool from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webperformance.com/library/tutorials/CalculateNumberOfLoadtestUsers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebPerformance.com&lt;/a&gt;. I agree with the other answers/comments that 10 is a pretty low number. The lowest I even consider a stress test would be 100 as that is the default connection pool size for SQL Server 2008 that I have actually seen on a production server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The low hanging fruits for optimization will include; gzip compression, minification of js/css/html, lazy loading, and a caching mechanism (like memcached).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T05:34:11.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13072" CreationDate="2015-05-16T05:46:41.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are asking for is a book full of knowledge. Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrum-institute.org/Introduction_to_Scrum_A_Real_World_Example.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;real world example&lt;/a&gt; from the International Scrum Institute to get the ball rolling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, this question &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/166982/scrum-real-life-example&quot;&gt;has been asked&lt;/a&gt; in other Stack sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T05:46:41.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13076" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-16T06:15:30.693" Score="4" ViewCount="1955" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a big dispute in the software testing world. In general, a test case is a pair of an input and an expected output (or as many books say, it mostly has just a single step: do sth and check it). ISTQB seems to be compliant with this.  Of course in order to perform a test, one often has to follow certain actions/steps (start a module, open a window, navigate somewhere...) but these supporting steps are not intended to have an expected result if the test is verifying e.g. correctness of a calculation. But most testers do the following:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;TC1 - Verify that file bigger than 10 mb cannot be uploaded&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Step 1  Open a window - Ex:Window is opened&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Step 2  Invoke the file dialog - Ex: The dialog is shown&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Step 3  Click on the Browse button - Ex: File browser window appears&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;...&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Step N Select a file bigger than 10 mb and confirm - Ex: An error message appears&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps 1-3 are generic and possibly repeated for any similar actions involving a file browser. They are necessary for the final step but I do not think they should be verified in the same test case. Because if step 2 fails, the test case fails even though the actual test condition checked in the last step is correct!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking, I would consider this a test procedure as it actually consists of a few test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there something I am missing? I do not have access to ISO 29119 but I have read that it defined input as &quot;a comprehensive descriptions of the actions/and or data&quot; - which would mean all the steps would be performed as a part of input and not verified separately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the usage of steps then, does it really make sense to use them as I describe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="2740" LastEditDate="2015-05-16T09:11:50.720" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T17:38:30.330" Title="Should test cases contain more than one step with expected result (ISO 29119 definition)" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13077" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-16T06:34:46.920" Score="0" ViewCount="18511" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have IE 11 browser on Windows 8.&#xA;I'm trying to automate a simple search but I am getting an exception. (The script works in Firefox)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made regedit changes according to instructions given in &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/InternetExplorerDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/InternetExplorerDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Created a QWORD value since I have 64 bit machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following error appears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException: Unable to find element on closed window (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else can I do to overcome this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T11:25:41.080" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T14:31:29.487" Title="Unable to run selenium webdriver script in IE11" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13072" CreationDate="2015-05-16T10:13:01.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scrum does not define any processes for testing, its more about a general iterative software development workflow and describes communication points and artefacts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cycle of a Scrum sprint is that the team commits to a certain number of stories and at the end of their sprint. Those stories should meet the teams &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrum.org/Resources/Scrum-Glossary/Definition-of-Done&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;definition of done&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Which should including testing practises, but the team should come up with what they need to bring the highest quality to make and keep their stakeholders happy. I would start with the most simplest DoD and add steps as your are running into issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things to keep in mind when defining a test process into the DoD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to prevent a mini waterfall, do not plan testing at the end of the sprint or task. Read this post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilecoachjournal.com/index.php/2014-02-03/scrum/a-sprint-is-not-a-2-week-waterfall/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.agilecoachjournal.com/index.php/2014-02-03/scrum/a-sprint-is-not-a-2-week-waterfall/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduce XP practises like TDD and make sure each story has automated test coverage: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_programming_practices#Test_driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_programming_practices#Test_driven_development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Less is more, do not introduce a full fletched process into an Agile workflow, unless its absolutely necessary. Make sure you have a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vanreijmersdal.nl/589/continuous-improvement-with-retrospectives/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;continuous improvement process&lt;/a&gt; going and have a natural evolution of the teams workflow, with a focus on better quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix defects created in the sprint in the sprint and make sure the product is a in releasable state at any time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read the book Agile Testing: &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://agiletester.ca/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Handling defects is a more complex topic and could be handled in different ways, either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep a zero bug policy. In the next sprint first fix all the defects, learn from them and lower &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.versionone.com/agile-101/agile-scrum-velocity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the teams velocity&lt;/a&gt; accordingly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plan in defects like any other story, since defects are just changes like any other feature, why would they be handled differently?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that not all defects are equal. Some might lower customer satisfactions, while others might be used as features by some clients. Be sure to prioritise defects in the same way as features. Thats why I like the number 2 better then the number 1, but don't let your bug-list grow out of control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-16T10:19:29.973" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T10:19:29.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12831" CreationDate="2015-05-16T13:07:35.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please see if below links are of any help to you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main providers of cloud services for mobile testing: like Perfecto Mobile, Keynote DeviceAnywhere, SOASTA, CloudMonkey and more can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.in/2015/02/mobile-application-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Moreover you can also find some examples of other mobile application testing tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qtp.blogspot.in/2012/10/cloud-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can find companies providing cloud testing services or are involved in cloud testing services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T13:07:35.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13077" CreationDate="2015-05-16T16:36:53.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard to say without seeing your code but a quick search on StackOverflow shows that people with similar error messages are having issues related to IE's Protected Mode (&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21330079/i-o-exception-and-unable-to-find-element-in-ie-using-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;) or: &lt;code&gt;capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24746777/selenium-nosuchwindowexception-in-ie-11&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T16:36:53.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13081" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13082" CreationDate="2015-05-16T21:04:49.677" Score="1" ViewCount="2391" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to run a test which requires that I corrupt a specific .exe file.  For security reasons I cannot upload this file to &lt;a href=&quot;http://corrupt-a-file.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://corrupt-a-file.net/&lt;/a&gt;.  Is there a known tool for Windows that I can use, or a recommended technique?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12036" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T22:28:20.417" Title="How do I corrupt an .exe for testing" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13081" CreationDate="2015-05-16T22:28:20.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we define corrupt as not being able to start the executable, just open it with a text editor (like &lt;a href=&quot;https://notepad-plus-plus.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;notepad++&lt;/a&gt;) and change some text around and save. Some executables might be to large to open, but I think a good text-editor should be able to handle most. Open the executable, if it still works, change more text around :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The smallest changes will often result in a broken application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe have a look at the file with a &lt;a href=&quot;http://mh-nexus.de/en/hxd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;hexeditor&lt;/a&gt; and change some of the important bits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-16T22:28:20.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-17T06:01:06.717" Score="1" ViewCount="2713" Body="&lt;p&gt;Running firefox portable (which I know used to work) is now producing an error &quot;The path is not of a legal form.&quot; when trying to load profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var binary = new FirefoxBinary(@&quot;C:\FirefoxPortable\FirefoxPortable.exe&quot;);       &#xA;var profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;var driver = new FirefoxDriver(binary, profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions ?&#xA;It should load default profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12039" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T11:25:52.047" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T14:58:09.580" Title="C# Selenium Webdriver &quot;The path is not of a legal form.&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;.net&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-04-18T11:19:43.080" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13083" CreationDate="2015-05-17T06:35:16.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you try this and see if you still get the same error? Also rebuild your entire project to be sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File pathToBinary = new File(&quot;C:\FirefoxPortable\FirefoxPortable.exe&quot;);&#xA;FirefoxBinary ffBinary = new FirefoxBinary(pathToBinary);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T06:35:16.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13076" CreationDate="2015-05-17T19:44:38.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking these concepts are mostly misunderstood and the standards, if any, are not followed by the companies in most cases. I would, at least, from my experience can tell software are so versatile to put them in such categories/boundaries. Additionally, as a Senior Q.A I have been practicing testing the scenarios/test cases out of box with having the goal to find out what happens if I do that or this. In order to replicate the possible user's behaviors there are thousand different scenarios I always come up with which of course have some expected result. In that case, I do not think about test cases or steps to be frank with you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, when I write automation test cases I tend to keep each test(often referred as test cases) independent, which is also the best practice in this industry. And, test is followed by an Assert, which is the expected behavior(positive and negative) by the software. If otherwise happens, the test usually marked as fail. I generally consider the end result to decide if the test should be marked as pass or fail. However, if it fail somewhere in the middle, say the test steps for the sake of argument, I investigate to point out the issue if related to something unexpected and if so marked them as fail. So, in that case I can say, the software did not behave as expected and, thus it failed. So some kind of result is expected from every step. It's also worth of mentioning that multiple asserts for every steps in test is considered as bad practice and I do not follow them either. Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8398" LastActivityDate="2015-05-17T19:44:38.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13086" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-05-17T21:01:40.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt; is an open source multi-protocol distributed load tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The purpose of Tsung is to simulate users in order to test the scalability and performance of IP based client/server applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tsung is written in Erlang to take advantage of that language’s concurrency support.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tsung will send X TPS every second even if tested system cannot cope - so you can expose bottlnecks.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The tool can simulate very large numbers of users per server, making it ideal for analyzing and testing the performance of large-scale applications, such as instant messaging solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tsung scales well (it’s been used to simulate tens of thousands of users), it supports forms and HTTP sessions, and includes some niceties like proxy recording, ‘thinktime’ support, and a choice of random or ordered traffic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tsung is available free of charge under the GPLv2 license as an open-source software product.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It is protocol-independent and can be used to stress HTTP, WebDAV, SOAP, PostgreSQL, MySQL, LDAP, Jabber/XMPP servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung homepage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/processone/tsung&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung @ github&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://attentionshard.wordpress.com/2011/04/26/scaling-to-30k-tsung/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Scaling to 30K: Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://beebole.com/blog/erlang/test-performance-and-scalability-of-your-web-applications-with-tsung/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test the Performance and Scalability of Your Web Applications With Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://src-main-java.blogspot.com/2011/06/tsung-installation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Test using Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://austinmills.name/2008/09/12/using-tsung-for-load-testing-rails-or-web-apps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using Tsung for Load Testing Rails or Web Apps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2015-05-18T13:05:03.683" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T13:05:03.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13087" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-05-17T21:01:40.867" Score="0" Body="Tsung is an open-source multi-protocol distributed load testing tool." OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2015-05-18T13:04:54.233" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T13:04:54.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2414" CreationDate="2015-05-18T00:10:33.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(u'//a[text()=&quot;Foo text&quot;]')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or dedicated driver method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Foo text&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt; if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For troubleshooting, check this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/18023678/55075&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; at SO, as maybe your page isn't loaded yet, so you probably need to write a wait wrapper to wait for an element to appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2840" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T00:16:04.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13076" CreationDate="2015-05-18T02:10:35.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different testers have different ideas about test cases.  Sometimes, a test itself is called a test case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test case is one particular instance or variation of a test or test&#xA;idea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test procedure is a way of performing a test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test activity is a line of investigation that fulfils some part of&#xA;the test strategy. It can encompass many test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no best practice or an ideal standard because it all depends on the context. The term is used interchangeably in different organizations &amp;amp; sometimes in different projects within the same organisation. Regardless of what terminology you use, its important that everyone in your organization or at least your project speak the same language to avoid confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11761" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T02:10:35.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13090" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-18T08:33:21.717" Score="3" ViewCount="4385" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to mobile automation and Appium and unable to find a way to get xpath or locate an element, getting following node details in uiautomatorviewer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;index:0&lt;br&gt;&#xA;text:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;resourceid:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;class: android.view.View&lt;br&gt;&#xA;package: com.divami.balfour&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cB1NM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Node tree structure and Node details image for element text field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12046" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T08:40:32.790" Title="How to locate or write Xpath for an element of an Hybrid app which has only class and no other attribute" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13025" CreationDate="2015-05-18T11:13:35.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your code example, you've only given one small part of the svg - the &lt;code&gt;rect&lt;/code&gt;. Is this a larger svg that has a tooltip just on the rect? If so, the tooltip is likely generated through javascript. You can get it through the JavaScriptExecutor - but you need to figure out which javascript function to call that will return the correct text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1893" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T11:13:35.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13076" CreationDate="2015-05-18T11:18:58.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;+1 for it depends&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the upload operation in your example can only be done through the mentioned failed menu than it is difficult to not fail it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OTOH maybe you are part of the &quot;upload team&quot; and all you want to do is verify this small operation and not end to end integration, so failing the test is out of the question &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach (I use it with Microsoft Test Manager now) is having tests Passing, Failing or considered as Blocked if something is blocking you from testing the thing you wanted to test. This usually requires your test scripts to be build the right way, for example using common setup() and tardown() functions as an easy way to separate the main test logic from the surrounding environment &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T11:18:58.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13093" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13098" CreationDate="2015-05-18T11:30:42.530" Score="1" ViewCount="2436" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am searching with a keyword &quot;Mobiles&quot; in search box it given the 450 results now i want verify that whether it is displayed 450 products not .&#xA;My problem is per page we are displaying the 30 products as a result ,after we need to click On &quot;LOAD MORE&quot; link to see the remaining products ,but i am unable click on LOAD MORE button due to it is present at the bottom of a page if I scroll my page to that button and click again it displays the another 30 products in the same page , so now again i need to click on LOAD MORE link but again it will be at the bottom of the page due to that it is giving ELEMENT IS INVISIBLE exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shortly what I want is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any method in selenium to scroll to particular element and clicking on it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: My Evn is Selenium+javascript+node.js.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T17:12:37.283" Title="click on the button/link by scroll to the element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2015-05-18T11:35:33.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is useful when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code. Selenium or Watir identifies web elements by ID, Name, XPath etc. on the contrary Sikuli finds the elements by image/screenshot which is easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2981" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T11:35:33.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13036" CreationDate="2015-05-18T12:19:39.617" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem could be that the page in the new window is still loading while you are trying to interact with it, so you might need to add in a wait condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I've done this, I've added in waits to make sure that the new window has actually been opened, and then to make sure the page in the new window is loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait&#xA;&#xA;# wait to make sure there are two windows open&#xA;WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda d: len(d.window_handles) == 2)&#xA;&#xA;# switch windows&#xA;driver.switch_to_window(driver.window_handles[1])&#xA;&#xA;# wait to make sure the new window is loaded&#xA;WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda d: d.title != &quot;&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;code&gt;window_handles[1]&lt;/code&gt; is usually the new window - if you need to, you can double check that it isn't actually the window you are in (by comparing to &lt;code&gt;driver.current_window_handle&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there is probably a better way in your case to test for page load other than the presence of the title - you could check for a specific element depending on the source of your page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1893" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T12:19:39.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13070" CreationDate="2015-05-18T12:50:41.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer was buried in some MSDN documentation that was challenging to google-reach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/visualstudioalm/archive/2013/09/16/using-internet-explorer-11-and-not-able-to-record-a-web-performance-test-successfully.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/visualstudioalm/archive/2013/09/16/using-internet-explorer-11-and-not-able-to-record-a-web-performance-test-successfully.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also ... don't forget to enable the test tool. Might have to check a couple places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12032" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T12:50:41.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13093" CreationDate="2015-05-18T17:12:37.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope that I am understanding your question fully, I am going to attempt to answer it the best that I can. If you give selenium a location of the element, it should be able to click it; no matter how far scrolled down the page it is. Give the location of your button to selenium and it should click it wherever it is, however many times you need it to click it. Just make sure you give selenium a good locator for it, something like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath&quot;//a[contains(@href, '*add href*') and contains(text(), 'LOAD MORE')]&quot;.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course where &quot;a&quot; is make sure you change it to whatever your element is, @href is another thing that you will need to change to whatever your button has in the html, and the last section of &quot;text(), 'LOAD MORE')&quot; is assuming the button has text on it that reads &quot;LOAD MORE&quot;. Without any of your code this is the best I can do. Let me know if you have other questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T17:12:37.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2015-05-18T19:36:07.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer Sikuli for quick tests of a specific functionality/defect, and then Selenium for regression/catch-all E2E tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Some examples of my usage&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The functionality of questionnaire. Checks for UI text based on ids, and then runs through all permutations of the questionnaire to check that all behavior and page redirects are as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run through &lt;code&gt;--suite=all&lt;/code&gt; at the end of each story to make sure nothing was broken elsewhere in the app. It's quick and runs in the background, and can test in multiple browsers at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coding is done in Protractor, which compliments our AngularJS app.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seems more stable and refined to me, with much better documentation and resources online if something were to act up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Minor point, but it's much easier to show &quot;real&quot; work is being done in Javascript as opposed to the Sikuli style of code. Devs and higher ups see it as more real engineering being done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Quick metrics for running through a process as a real user would. I can very quickly put together a script that will use Python to keep track of how long the script is running at different points, then have my mouse taken over and the app gone through like a real person would. Not milliseconds like Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli isn't just for screenshots! On a previous project when I did the above for my manager, I used regions instead of screenshots. It helped since our lists we needed to click on were pulled from an api, and the source changed frequently. Made that script useful regardless of the tile it was choosing (I just had it pick the first in the list)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If there's a front end ready but identifiers aren't in place yet/at all, Sikuli doesn't care and just goes to work. You don't need access to the code at all, which works well if you're distant from the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We once had a defect that was easy enough to reproduce, but the only issue it caused was that our grids overlapped and just &lt;em&gt;looked&lt;/em&gt; wrong. Sikuli made it easier to look for a fuzzy image of the overlapping and check if it was still doing that each build.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Minor, but Python is a very easy language to learn, and is supported natively by Sikuli. Your tests can be a hybrid of the &lt;code&gt;click(picture1.png)&lt;/code&gt; and Python to have a wide range of functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally think Selenium is better for test maintenance, but Sikuli makes test creation a breeze. Also, Sikuli better mimics how a user would go through the app since it takes over the mouse rather than running in the background. Selenium strikes me as much better for larger work and a professional setting. Time and a place for both, I suppose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11987" LastActivityDate="2015-05-18T19:36:07.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13101" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-18T23:58:57.783" Score="2" ViewCount="910" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im trying to set up cucumber over my page object.&#xA;I currently have as my login page object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy (id  = cF.username)           public WebElement username;&#xA;@FindBy (id  = cF.password)           public WebElement password;&#xA;@FindBy (id  = cF.loginButton)        public WebElement loginButton;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public websiteProspector_beta doLogin(String myUsername, String myPassword) throws IOException {&#xA;    logs.InfoDetails(&quot;Logging Into Tomcat8- 2092&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        username.sendKeys(myUsername);&#xA;        password.sendKeys(myPassword);&#xA;        loginButton.click();&#xA;        {...}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and my step description as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    @And(&quot;^I log into ao$&quot;)&#xA;public void i_log_into_ao() throws Throwable {&#xA;    actonLogin = new actonLogin(driver);&#xA;    actonLogin.doLogin(cF.loginUsername, cF.loginPassword);&#xA;    throw new PendingException();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i run it, it successfully runs the first two steps, however when it comes to an object with @findby, I get this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;at com.acton.PageObjects.loginPage.actonLogin.doLogin(actonLogin.java:41)&#xA;at com.acton.cucumber.cucumberSteps.i_log_into_ao(cucumberSteps.java:41)&#xA;at ✽.And I log into ao(com/acton/cucumber/login.feature:6)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason why I know it's due to the @Findby is because when I change the login page object to use &quot;driver.findelement(By....&quot; it's successful with no errors.&#xA;is there something im missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to cucumber and automation all together, any help i can get is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10981" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T15:37:08.157" Title="Cucumber not finding @Findby annotations" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13117" CreationDate="2015-05-19T00:49:17.497" Score="1" ViewCount="1041" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to set up Atlassian Bamboo trying to get a minimal build plan off the ground. Our current set up is pretty basic. We have several projects that we git clone onto either a stage or a prod server. Currently when we want to deploy we ssh into the correct host, navigate to the directory where the project lives and pull down the changes manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bamboo has an SSH task, but it only allows you to execute one command on that ssh task. I need to run &lt;code&gt;cd /www/stage/project_dir&lt;/code&gt; and then &lt;code&gt;git pull origin master&lt;/code&gt;. Can someone point me in the right direction in setting this up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12052" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T20:24:01.690" Title="Simple SSH/Git pull continuous integration?" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12524" CreationDate="2015-05-19T08:09:12.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also have a look at those below, I already worked as a tester for &lt;a href=&quot;https://test.io/de/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test.io&lt;/a&gt;. There were interesting tests from major companies like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.immowelt.de/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;immowelt.de&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blacklane.com/en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blacklane&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://test.io/de/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test.io&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testbirds.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testbirds&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rapidusertests.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rapidusertests.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2058" LastEditorUserId="2058" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T15:39:28.053" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T15:39:28.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12897" CreationDate="2015-05-19T10:16:12.690" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you could do it. Here is sample approach to accomplish it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. First, get the application package name&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the application package name, use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb shell 'pm list package -f' |grep calculator&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;note the APK file and the package name. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package:/system/app/SecCalculator2/SecCalculator2.apk=com.sec.android.app.popupcalculator&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the apk file is &lt;strong&gt;/system/app/SecCalculator2/SecCalculator2.apk&lt;/strong&gt; and the package name is: &lt;strong&gt;com.sec.android.app.popupcalculator&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Get the launch-able Activity name&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, pull the application APK's from devices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb pull /system/app/SecCalculator2/SecCalculator2.apk&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then use &lt;strong&gt;aapt&lt;/strong&gt; to get the launchable Activity name:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; aapt dump badging SecCalculator2.apk&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for &lt;strong&gt;launchable-activity&lt;/strong&gt; in the results, or use grep to filter it. The result should be similar like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; launchable-activity: name='com.sec.android.app.popupcalculator.Calculator'  label='Calculator' icon=''&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On these sample, the launchable activity name is: &lt;strong&gt;.Calculator&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Now, create the DesiredCapabilities&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;create your desired capability to launch the installed applications. Make sure to match the &lt;strong&gt;appPackage&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;appActivity&lt;/strong&gt; from the steps above. (this sample is using java).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;    cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;ANDROID&quot;);&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;S5&quot;);&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;5.0&quot;);&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.sec.android.app.popupcalculator&quot;); &#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;,&quot;.Calculator&quot;);  &#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;noSign&quot;, true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then, just create the test scripts and automate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12054" LastEditorUserId="12054" LastEditDate="2015-05-19T10:34:55.467" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T10:34:55.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-19T11:14:21.067" Score="2" ViewCount="231" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium. I heard that in real time we will not use xpaths generated by tools..rather we will write our own. So i decided to learn writing xpaths. Can u please suggest how to practice writing xpaths and are there any tools where we can validate our written xpaths over scripts..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12057" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-19T11:36:30.827" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T05:31:00.300" Title="How to validate xpaths in selenium over scripts" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13105" CreationDate="2015-05-19T11:37:13.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;you have to install firebug + firepath in mozilla firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jHXDn.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it will also provide you generated xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UkKc6.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also write the created xpath in the text field and press enter and it will validate the xpath&#xA;.//*[contains(@placeholder,'Enter your email')]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for creating xpath and locator search on google about &lt;code&gt;locator strategies in selenium&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastEditorUserId="11874" LastEditDate="2015-05-19T11:43:08.150" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T11:43:08.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13102" CreationDate="2015-05-19T13:55:51.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;could you not run a batch file/shell script on the server that contains the two commands?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T13:55:51.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13077" CreationDate="2015-05-19T14:03:01.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I got the same error I edited settings in &lt;strong&gt;Internet Explorer&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tools -&gt; Internet option -&gt; Security&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Change security from high to medium-high or medium and UN-check Enable Protection Mode&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second problem I found is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=3072&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sendkeys Working too Slow&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this problem I used &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/2.45/IEDriverServer_Win32_2.45.0.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IE 32 Bit Driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will solve your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T11:27:30.997" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T11:27:30.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13101" CreationDate="2015-05-19T14:39:04.167" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you run &lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements&lt;/code&gt;? The PageFactory magic won't actually parse the annotations until you do so. I usually put into the constructor a line like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that it runs when I construct the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T14:39:04.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13111" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-19T16:41:25.383" Score="6" ViewCount="5712" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOAPUI&lt;/a&gt; to test &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAP&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOAP&lt;/a&gt; web services.But now i have to Test Rest Services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that SOAPUI can be used to test &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;REST&lt;/a&gt; services too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But can SOAPUI be considered as Standard Testing tool for REST webservices from a QA standpoint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12062" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-20T10:02:57.153" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T07:28:52.213" Title="Tools for REST webservice testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-19T19:01:41.203" Score="1" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I help maintain a very large automated regression test suite for java web applications. Because of the size of the suite, running the tests in parallel is a requirement. I need to reduce the number of test users I create, but at the same time I want to avoid any global state/concurrency issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What solutions do you have for reducing the number of tests users you create in your automated regression suite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12065" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T18:45:18.693" Title="Reducing the number of test users in automated regression runs?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13113" CreationDate="2015-05-19T19:58:53.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing I would start with is ensuring that you aren't testing more than one type of user repeatedly.&#xA;Check out &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_partitioning&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;equivalence partitioning&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T19:58:53.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2015-05-19T20:09:07.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of devs I know use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PostMan&lt;/a&gt;, a Chrome app. I have written &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/kirbycope/RESTful/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;my own&lt;/a&gt; tool using .Net that allows me to use pre-formatted requests with a given type reflected from a .dll file. A REST client is like a browser. It makes a request and does something with the response (like printing out the JSON response).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T20:09:07.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13102" CreationDate="2015-05-19T20:24:01.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is still &lt;a href=&quot;https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/BAM-12298&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an open ticket&lt;/a&gt; to get the enhancement you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To elaborate on Adurbe's answer:&#xA;You could drop a .sh file onto your server and then call it via Bamboo. Check out this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/305035/how-to-use-ssh-to-run-shell-script-on-a-remote-machine&quot;&gt;StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt; question and look over the answers to find what will be best for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T20:24:01.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2015-05-19T21:10:42.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use Postman for considerable basic testing during the early stages of development. We then have used Gatling (&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gatling.io/#/&lt;/a&gt;) to facilitate load, regression, and stress testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12069" LastActivityDate="2015-05-19T21:10:42.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13105" CreationDate="2015-05-20T05:21:03.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On writing xpaths: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/xpath_syntax.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a great reference website if you like reading documentation.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On validating xpaths: You need to run the tests and validate they're clicking on and finding the correct elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's a syntax issue with your locator, the test will fail since whatever XML parser Selenium uses in your language will throw an exception if you have a malformed xpath. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8116" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T05:21:03.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13105" CreationDate="2015-05-20T05:31:00.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check below reference links :---------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/xpath-tutorial-for-selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/xpath-tutorial-for-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniummaster.com/sitecontent/index.php/introduction-to-selenium-automation/selenium-ide/115-selenium-ide-xpath-tutorials&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniummaster.com/sitecontent/index.php/introduction-to-selenium-automation/selenium-ide/115-selenium-ide-xpath-tutorials&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T05:31:00.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3898" CreationDate="2015-05-20T06:31:36.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have mentioned in the question &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;automating the process of web applications which we can't done manually(Eg regression testing) we use automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well there's nothing that can't be done manually or at least that's what I think.&#xA;But regression testing can most definitely be done manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way every testing is done by human - even what you consider automation. So I guess eventually its all manual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still you can use tools to help you with your testing. Where you would be doing something repeatedly you can write &amp;amp; run scripts for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T06:31:36.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2015-05-20T09:29:45.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From functional point of view - yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you considering performing load testing at some point I would start looking into starting web services testing automation with a tool which is capable of running requests in multithreaded manner like &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/g3/features.html#Standards&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T09:29:45.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13124" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-20T11:39:23.263" Score="1" ViewCount="1225" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not able to switch on newly opened frame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are the firebug details for my opened frame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot; style=&quot;overflow: hidden; height: 100%; border: medium none; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head id=&quot;Head1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body class=&quot;ui-layout-container&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; onload=&quot;changeHashOnLoad();&quot; style=&quot;overflow: hidden; width: auto; height: auto; margin: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; bottom: 0px; left: 0px; right: 0px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form id=&quot;form1&quot; action=&quot;Layout.aspx&quot; method=&quot;post&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;aspNetHidden&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&amp;gt; //&amp;lt;![CDATA[ var theForm = document.forms['form1']; if (!theForm) {     theForm = document.form1; } function __doPostBack(eventTarget, eventArgument) {     if (!theForm.onsubmit || (theForm.onsubmit() != false)) {         theForm.__EVENTTARGET.value = eventTarget;         theForm.__EVENTARGUMENT.value = eventArgument;         theForm.submit();     } } //]]&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;/WebResource.axd?d=fqV81KWLWhVg-lLAb4IT61Rf7nenS5CfBLW8eORCIqb7qWR5ebnXv0WLAGMAjel0UlUanbUozV0ld0Q4kzHM9PmUJF_BtBl1TXTKBUvGOWk1&amp;amp;t=635586541120000000&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;aspNetHidden&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;wrapper&quot; class=&quot;ui-layout-pane ui-layout-pane-center ui-layout-container ui-layout-pane-hover ui-layout-pane-center-hover ui-layout-pane-open-hover ui-layout-pane-center-open-hover&quot; style=&quot;display: block; position: absolute; margin: 0px; left: 0px; right: 0px; top: 0px; bottom: 32px; height: 213px; width: 1366px; z-index: 0; visibility: visible; overflow: hidden;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;header-wrapper&quot; class=&quot;ui-layout-north ui-layout-pane ui-layout-pane-north&quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; margin: 0px; top: 0px; bottom: auto; left: 0px; right: 0px; width: auto; z-index: 0; height: 75px; display: block; visibility: visible; overflow: visible;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;container&quot; class=&quot;ui-layout-center window-tab ui-layout-pane ui-layout-pane-center ui-tabs ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-layout-pane-hover ui-layout-pane-center-hover ui-layout-pane-open-hover ui-layout-pane-center-open-hover&quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; margin: 0px; left: 0px; right: 0px; top: 83px; bottom: 7px; height: 123px; width: 1366px; z-index: 0; overflow: hidden; display: block; visibility: visible;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;ui-tabs-nav ui-helper-reset ui-helper-clearfix ui-widget-header ui-corner-all&quot; role=&quot;tablist&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default ui-corner-top&quot; role=&quot;tab&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; aria-controls=&quot;tab-0&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;ui-id-1&quot; aria-selected=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default ui-corner-top ui-tabs-active ui-state-active ui-state-hover ui-state-focus&quot; role=&quot;tab&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-controls=&quot;tab-39&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;ui-id-2&quot; aria-selected=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a id=&quot;ui-id-2&quot; class=&quot;ui-tabs-anchor&quot; href=&quot;#tab-39&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot;&amp;gt;BOS Parameters&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;spantab-39&quot; class=&quot;ui-icon ui-icon-close&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;Remove Tab&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default ui-corner-top&quot; role=&quot;tab&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; aria-controls=&quot;tab-8&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;ui-id-3&quot; aria-selected=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;divRightContent&quot; class=&quot;ui-layout-content&quot; style=&quot;border-left: 1px solid rgb(222, 222, 222); border-right: 1px solid rgb(222, 222, 222); float: left; position: relative; height: 0px; visibility: visible; display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;AccessKeyPanel&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;tab-39&quot; class=&quot;ui-tabs-panel ui-widget-content ui-corner-bottom&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; height=&quot;100%&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; scrolling=&quot;auto&quot; data-long-desc=&quot;Masters/BOSSetting.aspx?Rts=010000000010&amp;amp;css=icon-add-template&amp;amp;skey=&amp;amp;title=BOS%20Parameters&amp;amp;id=39&amp;amp;tname=BOS%20Options&quot; src=&quot;Masters/BOSSetting.aspx?Rts=010000000010&amp;amp;css=icon-add-template&amp;amp;skey=&amp;amp;title=BOS%20Parameters&amp;amp;id=39&amp;amp;tname=BOS%20Options&quot; style=&quot;display: block;&quot; onload=&quot;showTab(this);&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;ui-id-2&quot; role=&quot;tabpanel&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;true&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;false&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;tab-8&quot; class=&quot;ui-tabs-panel ui-widget-content ui-corner-bottom&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; height=&quot;100%&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; scrolling=&quot;auto&quot; data-long-desc=&quot;Masters/Customer.aspx?Rts=111101000010&amp;amp;css=icon-add-template&amp;amp;skey=&amp;amp;title=Customers&amp;amp;id=8&amp;amp;tname=Customer&quot; src=&quot;Masters/Customer.aspx?Rts=111101000010&amp;amp;css=icon-add-template&amp;amp;skey=&amp;amp;title=Customers&amp;amp;id=8&amp;amp;tname=Customer&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot; onload=&quot;showTab(this);&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;ui-id-3&quot; role=&quot;tabpanel&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12075" LastEditorUserId="12075" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T10:26:30.653" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T10:26:30.653" Title="Not able to switch on newly opened frame" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-05-01T23:27:59.393" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2015-05-20T11:45:40.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Part of the issue with RESTful Web APIs is there really isn't a standard as of yet. If there is a WADL for the Web API than SoapUI will typically work well. If not, than you're going to spend as much time, if not more, using SoapUI to work with your system than you would with any of the slew of tools that either exist or can be custom created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am typically a proponent of SoapUI and if you are familiar with the workings of SoapUI, Groovy and such, and have others tests using it than I would likely suggest that you stick with SoapUI. If not, you might want to start looking into other tools and see which one fits your needs best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Postman is good for making basic requests and doing smoke testing. JMeter is good for load testing. But ultimately, if SoapUI is what you are comfortable with than it will offer you what Postman and JMeter can offer you as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend SoapUI, even though it may not be the best suited for your needs, it seems to be the best suited for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T11:45:40.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13126" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-20T11:58:07.740" Score="1" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excel file which is Source file. this file will be migrated to multiple tables.&#xA;I need to compare Source file to destination after migration. This process of comparison should be automated...Any help will be appreciated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12076" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T15:01:17.920" Title="automate comparison of source records to Records in destination after migration" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-05-27T17:23:39.130" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13126" CreationDate="2015-05-20T12:31:10.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have successfully used ExcelCompare from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/na-ka-na/ExcelCompare&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/na-ka-na/ExcelCompare&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its a command-line tool which you can give two excel files/sheets and it will compare everything and print out difference with cell/cords and the difference in text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to parse its text output in a continuous integration environment to check automatically if the new version of the Excel output is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; excel_cmp xxx.xlsx yyy.xlsx&#xA;DIFF  Cell at     Sheet1!A1 =&amp;gt; 'a' v/s 'aa'&#xA;EXTRA Cell in WB1 Sheet1!B1 =&amp;gt; 'cc'&#xA;DIFF  Cell at     Sheet1!D4 =&amp;gt; '4.0' v/s '14.0'&#xA;EXTRA Cell in WB2 Sheet1!J10 =&amp;gt; 'j'&#xA;EXTRA Cell in WB1 Sheet1!K11 =&amp;gt; 'k'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T12:31:10.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13124" CreationDate="2015-05-20T19:41:38.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;IE driver is sometime difficult(and frustrating) to make work when things are running properly on chrome and firefox. For your specific example, I have had issues with window order in the IE driver in the past. So the number of windows that you have open may not correspond to what window you actually are trying to access. You have to write your own handler for the window order, because you cannot rely on what the IE driver gives. Before I write an example for you, I just noticed the comment on your original post that has an awesome code sample. FDM gives a great example with his comment on your original post, JimEvans wrote an example script in his post on stackoverflow that may help you in this situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T19:41:38.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13113" CreationDate="2015-05-20T19:48:08.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I am writing automation around &quot;New&quot; logins, you really have to ask yourself: &quot;Is this new user necessary?&quot; a lot of times in my earlier years I would create a new user each time I did a test, and realized I only needed to create a few to handle all of my testing steps. This may not be the prettiest answer, but following best practices will minimize the number of &quot;Useless&quot; tests that don't add value to your testing suite. This does require you to refactor quite a bit of your code, but that is really the only answer I know of. Make sure you absolutely need to create a new user for the test that you are running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T19:48:08.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11794" CreationDate="2015-05-20T19:58:03.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Setting up Selenium tests to run on Safari browser is a fairly complex process. You need to install Safari Extensions Developer Certificate in your machine and also install selenium webdriver as an extension in Safari Browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also there are some stability issues with Safari browser automation &amp;amp; Selenium combination on Mac 10.9 OS and below. The stability is much better on Mac Yosemite OSX &amp;amp; Safari 8.0.x combination along with Selenium v2.45.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detailed steps for the setup can be seen &lt;a href=&quot;https://itisatechiesworld.wordpress.com/selenium/selenium-webdriver/steps-to-get-safari-webdriver-running-on-mac-osx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12078" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-20T20:33:05.873" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T20:33:05.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13113" CreationDate="2015-05-20T20:40:27.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One possibility: Run each thread against its own instance of the application. Depending on the cost of instances, this may be too expensive. But it does eliminate crosstalk among tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2015-05-20T20:40:27.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13132" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-21T00:30:39.640" Score="2" ViewCount="6274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running my scripts on selenium webdriver and after every 2-3 test case I am getting this pop-up &quot;Firefox stopped working&quot;. How should I handle this pop-up?&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KorNQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12080" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T14:43:33.017" Title="Firefox has stopped working" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="211" CreationDate="2015-05-21T03:16:01.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA efforts should be involved from planning to deployment and even post-release bug review. QA engineers should be product experts who can plan before a Dev even touches the keyboard, assist Devs in delivering the right functionality, and give timely feedback by testing the code developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a mistake to keep the tester or QA engineer's involvement at the end of the line. Everything costs more the further down the line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing activities are involved as soon as the code is deployed to an environment, unless you can lead off with some automation ahead of project code completion. A tester is a role to be filled during a window of the development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12069" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T03:16:01.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3238" CreationDate="2015-05-21T03:31:14.103" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you can bring a lot of experience or a portfolio of projects to the table you may be out of luck for a development or QA job. Perhaps an internship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Square one is probably tech support. I know it is not the dream, but there is a great need for them in tech companies. Once you are there you can show your chops and desires for working in another part of the company. Support is the farm that all other departments draw from. It is a relatively easy entry point to get in a tech company and prove yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12069" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T03:31:14.103" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-05-21T03:31:14.103" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13136" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-21T06:10:54.753" Score="1" ViewCount="1315" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to create a command to capture screen shots on every click command automatically without manually inserting capture screenshot command in Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12083" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-21T07:09:52.927" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T11:36:46.423" Title="How to combine click and capture screenshot commands in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13136" CreationDate="2015-05-21T06:30:37.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following example is in Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can combine these. First &quot;click&quot; and then take screnshoot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11781" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T06:30:37.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13136" CreationDate="2015-05-21T07:09:13.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE has a Rollup feature:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rollup – This option allows user to combine multiple test steps to act&#xA;  like a single command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to combine the click and the screenshot into a rollup with parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rollup login example with paramaters: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sanjitmohanty.com/2012/07/06/using-the-rollup-feature-of-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://sanjitmohanty.com/2012/07/06/using-the-rollup-feature-of-selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7801/how-to-use-rollup-command-in-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;How to use rollup command in selenium ide?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://software-testing-tutorials-automation.blogspot.in/2013/09/how-and-where-to-use-rollup-command-in.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://software-testing-tutorials-automation.blogspot.in/2013/09/how-and-where-to-use-rollup-command-in.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I think you might want to drop Selenium IDE for programming Selenium/WebDriver in a programming language like Java, because this gives you way more flexibility. I view Selenium IDE more as a toy that proves a concept, but not really as a tool that is a production ready for a lot of test-cases. Lucky it supports an export to a couple of programming language, so your effort is not lost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T07:28:36.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13124" CreationDate="2015-05-21T08:51:46.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you checked to see if it's a possible timing issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems dumb but response times between browsers can sometimes give odd results like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10480" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T08:51:46.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10268" CreationDate="2015-05-21T09:21:53.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found out a very simple way to create Jmeter test scripts depending upon the required scenario. &#xA;What I do is, I record my scripts using a chrome extension - blazemeter. It records all the actions I perform on a website. Then the script generated by it can be exported and used in jmeter. In jmeter you can edit the ramp up and threads and everything as per the need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testacy.co.in/performance-testing-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;I have written an article on it here -&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T09:21:53.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13126" CreationDate="2015-05-21T10:07:57.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel like there should be better tools out there to do exactly what you want but I don't know of any..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would probably end up doing is to create a DB-connection from Excel to your 3 tables (Top Menu-&gt;Data-&gt;From Other Sources). This gives you access to the &quot;migrated&quot; data from within Excel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then compare column-by-column with the source Excel data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To keep it clean and tidy you can separate each table and source data in it's own sheet and use any Excel compare tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've personally used Florencesoft's tool successfully:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.florencesoft.com/excel-diff/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.florencesoft.com/excel-diff/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10716" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-21T15:01:17.920" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T15:01:17.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6874" CreationDate="2015-05-21T10:31:13.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File file = new File(&quot;G:\\Selenium\\All_Jars\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,file.getAbsolutePath() );&#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;//Maximize the window       &#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.rediff.com/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Get all window handles&#xA;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; allHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;&#xA;//count the handles Here count is=2&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Count of windows:&quot;+allHandles.size());      &#xA;&#xA;//Get current handle or default handle&#xA;String currentWindowHandle = allHandles.iterator().next();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;currentWindow Handle&quot;+currentWindowHandle);&#xA;&#xA;//Remove first/default Handle&#xA;allHandles.remove(allHandles.iterator().next());&#xA;&#xA;//get the last Window Handle&#xA;String lastHandle = allHandles.iterator().next();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;last window handle&quot;+lastHandle);&#xA;&#xA;//switch to second/last window, because we know there are only two windows 1-parent window 2-other window(ad window)&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(lastHandle);&#xA;System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;body&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12086" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-05-21T11:24:26.180" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T11:24:26.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12996" CreationDate="2015-05-21T10:55:03.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My advice; Get hold of an actual USER. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do whatever it takes, wine, dine, open doors, knock on doors etc. Just get hold of an user and use time with him/her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goal should be to try to understand what problems the application is supposed to solve and how these problems are solved today. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in addition you might just accidentaly get a representative for your reference user group...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10716" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T10:55:03.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13144" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-21T11:09:08.147" Score="4" ViewCount="700" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am scheduled for a technical interview with a company next Wednesday, they provide an electronic payment system for healthcare providers, healthcare clients, and healthcare payers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am told by the recruiter to study my SQL and be prepared to make up test cases when given a test topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also told to explore topics such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobility testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stress testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Development Life Cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test documentation:&#xA;What are the necessary components of a good test case?&#xA;What is a test plan for and what does it consist of?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look at a transactional web page what are the observable elements and how do you go about testing them?  For example, navigation elements, input fields, buttons, labels...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also elements which aren't readily visible like a custom style sheet.  What is the roll of &quot;Style Sheets&quot; in a UI implementation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two most important topics I must familiarize myself with by next Wednesday are SQL and inventing test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main questions to you, kind sirs and mams, are, in an SQA interview, what sort of direction should I head in for learning and practicing my SQL? I have only rudimentary knowledge of MySQL from project courses I have taken at my school, I've never worked with SQL before. What are some sources that I can rely on for learning good, practical skills that a good Software Tester should have? What SQL concepts should I absolutely know before I head in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of test topics should I expect? I have never written any official test cases or test plans before. The sort of testing I do with my code is to just sprinkle print statements all over my projects and eventually track down where the bugs are. I've never even used the debugger in Eclipse, save maybe once or twice. I feel that I am very unprepared for the sort of documented approach to testing software they are going to test me on. How can I prepare myself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12087" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T15:32:59.157" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T04:21:19.950" Title="Need guidance on how to prepare for an SQA interview" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13145" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-21T11:14:37.493" Score="2" ViewCount="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is anyone aware of test software which:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;allows users to record test scripts (without requiring them to have programming knowledge).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can &quot;view&quot; the screen rather than relying on apps which use a standard form &amp;amp; control libraries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This second requirement is due to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have some systems written in 4D (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.4d.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.4d.com/&lt;/a&gt;), which uses its own forms (i.e. most test software can only see the main window; not sub windows).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have some systems which run over terminal services, which we'd ideally like to test over terminal services (as opposed to installing the test software on the terminal server, or having a fat client for testing).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12088" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T14:12:55.567" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T14:12:55.567" Title="Test Software for Non-Standard Forms &amp; Terminal Services" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-21T11:21:33.720" Score="2" ViewCount="946" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am flabbergasted but none of these queries seems to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Defect Severity&quot; = &quot;critical&quot;&#xA;&quot;Defect Severity&quot; = &quot;1-critical&quot;&#xA;&quot;Defect Severity&quot; = &quot;Critical&quot;&#xA;&quot;Defect Severity&quot; = critical&#xA;&quot;Defect Severity&quot; = 1-Critical&#xA;&quot;Defect Severity&quot; = &quot;1&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I spent 30 mins browsing the web and Atlassian for examples..none.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The option '1-Critical' for field 'Defect Severity' does not exist. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for each of those..Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12089" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T15:32:40.293" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T15:32:40.293" Title="How to add JIRA board quick filter query for severity?" Tags="&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13147" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13151" CreationDate="2015-05-21T11:24:01.037" Score="2" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a group of &quot;testers&quot; (basically students etc., no professional testers and purely black box) who basically do not find bugs but rather use the app as expected in the live environment, something like end-to-end tests with different goals (perform 200 purchases or as much as possible and look for crashes etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say the &quot;ALPHA testing&quot; is the closest one as this is a simulation of real use done by other people than developers or professional testers but still done in-house.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T14:07:26.570" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T14:07:26.570" Title="Is there a correct term for testing done by &quot;testers&quot; hired just to use the app as in real life?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13148" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-21T11:25:21.130" Score="1" ViewCount="445" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting the below error (attached is the snapshot), while implementing Watir for Windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to put HTTP_PrOXY in path as well as CMD console, but still it's showing the same error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am following the below link for implementation - &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/watir/watirbook/blob/master/manuscript/installation/windows.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/watir/watirbook/blob/master/manuscript/installation/windows.md&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/t7C40.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please help me to know what is required?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12090" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T15:31:34.153" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T15:31:34.153" Title="Getting Error - &quot;ArgumentError: HTTP request path is empty&quot; during Installation" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13124" CreationDate="2015-05-21T11:32:18.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution I would use is the WebDriver's &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame()&lt;/code&gt; method but avoiding the index number. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can select the window you want using;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A number. (&lt;code&gt;0&lt;/code&gt; based index normally but &lt;code&gt;NOT&lt;/code&gt; always with &lt;code&gt;IE&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A name or ID.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A previously found WebElement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Head1&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T13:01:23.573" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T13:01:23.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-05-21T12:05:14.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically you bring in real users for a usability test, but if they're looking for bugs, I'd say it's an &lt;em&gt;ad-hoc&lt;/em&gt; manual test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T12:05:14.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-05-21T12:11:01.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are different ways to classify testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to classify it based on the level of testing, I would call it &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;system testing&quot; or &quot;end-to-end testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, since you are working with a system that is fully integrated already. Since they are working in an environment that is close to the live environment, they are not only making sure that the software is functionally correct, but also that it can function in the desired environment, which is something that lower levels of testing may not fully be able to accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to classify it based on the type of testing, it could be &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatibility_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;compatibility testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, since you are running it in an environment that mimics the live environment and you can ensure that users will have a positive experience. It could also be considered &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;acceptance testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt; (probably &quot;factory acceptance testing&quot;, since your employees are performing it instead of the customer or users), but this usually implies that it's specifically performed against the requirements to ensure the complete system works as expected and not more &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_hoc_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ad-hoc testing&lt;/a&gt;. You may also be able to call it Alpha testing, since the use of an independent test team is acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on your comment, I would call the type of testing that is being performed &quot;&lt;strong&gt;system ad-hoc alpha testing&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;strong&gt;end-to-end ad-hoc alpha testing&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. By including the term &quot;system&quot; or &quot;end-to-end&quot;, you make it clear that the software and required hardware have already been integrated and likely been tested at a unit and integration level. The use of &quot;ad-hoc&quot; states that there aren't formal test plans or procedures that are being executed, but the testers may be given high level goals to accomplish through any means they see fit and report failures or issues. The use of &quot;alpha&quot; makes it clear that it's internal testing before the software is exposed to outside customers or users. Finally, it's important to include &quot;testing&quot; since you are still performing this work to find issues with the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, defining the objectives of the testing and managing the testing process is more important than finding the right name for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="684" LastEditorUserId="684" LastEditDate="2015-05-21T13:22:42.307" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T13:22:42.307" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-05-21T14:28:51.727" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Be careful what you measure, because that is what are you going to get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask for 200 purchases, you will not get experience (and testing scope) what you would get by 200 different users making a purchase. You will get one user repeated 200 times. Which is better than nothing but does not tell you how your system will respond to 199 other ways to perform the purchase transaction. So it is almost useless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a term &lt;strong&gt;&quot;sapient testing&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. When sapient human is using website and looking for edge cases and bugs. It is very different from &lt;strong&gt;unleashing 200 monkeys bang the keyboards&lt;/strong&gt; and report results which they find reportable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Years ago our customer used '200 monkeys' approach to test the app we were developing for them (complicated application to handle non-performing mortgages - when people start paying, get behind on payments, get forbearance and/or refinance, add fees to principal, and possibly get foreclosure). They did not want to invest time in training students to understand what is going on. We got &lt;strong&gt;daily&lt;/strong&gt; dozens of reports of &quot;strange (for testers) behavior&quot;, of which &lt;strong&gt;99.5% was correct behavior, which testers were not aware of.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All that was huge waste of time for developers to try understand what testers were doing (because they were also not trained to write good bugs, to save money on training as I said), so we get actionable bug report only after multiple emails exchanges. Then, we reported back that this is required functionality. After few weeks, futility of the approach became apparent, and 200 monkeys were transferred from testing to something more productive. Most of the results of their &quot;testing&quot; was discarded and not fully researched, because it became obvious it provides NO information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T14:28:51.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13144" CreationDate="2015-05-21T16:21:26.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My main questions to you, kind sirs and mams, are, in an SQA&#xA;  interview, what sort of direction should I head in for learning and&#xA;  practicing my SQL?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could download &lt;a href=&quot;http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MySQL&lt;/a&gt; to your local machine and play with it there. (You could probably search Google for quick install instructions.) That might get you familiar with the database application MySQL but probably won't help much if you know nothing about SQL. If you want to learn how to use the SQL language / syntax I'd recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://sql.learncodethehardway.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Learn SQL The Hard Way&lt;/a&gt;. It's free and Zed's teaching programs are usually pretty good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you have little to no experience with software testing, which is going to put you at a disadvantage. Luckily there are a few references you can check out that might give you some pointers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3716/what-does-a-sofware-qa-person-need-to-know-to-perform-their-job-essentially?rq=1&quot;&gt;What does a Sofware QA Person Need to Know to Perform Their Job (Essentially)?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/55/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-positions?rq=1&quot;&gt;How should you interview for QA positions?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/476/how-do-you-prepare-yourself-for-a-testing-position?rq=1&quot;&gt;How do you prepare yourself for a testing position?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually recommend people check out James Bach's &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/htsm.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Heuristic Test Strategy Model&lt;/a&gt; because it gives you: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A basic overview of the 9 most used test techniques (Functional, Performance, Automation, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guideword heuristics you can use to evaluate a product (might be good to have this open during the interview) and use to generate test ideas (or test cases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This document is designed to help you build a test strategy which you will need to do before you can really design tests (see the point above). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for documentation like Test Plans, as I mention in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9735/how-to-write-test-plan&quot;&gt;How to write a test plan&lt;/a&gt;, a test plan typically contains the logistics of the testing project and your test strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The big thing to remember is if you don't understand what some word means (test plan, test case), ask. There are no standard definitions. Good decisions can only be made with the appropriate context so make sure you understand what is being asked before you answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T16:21:26.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-05-21T16:35:13.320" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The activity you are describing what I call &quot;User testing&quot; (assuming that the students are relevant representatives of actual users of the app).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sound to me that the &quot;User testing&quot; is done in a testing phase that I would call &quot;Alpha testing&quot; which would have a milestone at the end, and a fix period, before &quot;Beta testing&quot; starts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beta testing would be testing with real users, real load etc. in a real-world app ecosystem. (Which could include testing of the payment model, support system, SLAs, error handling, help line, user manuals as well as the app itself).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10716" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T16:35:13.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13146" CreationDate="2015-05-21T20:13:00.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is because the field name you are looking for is likely &quot;priority&quot; and not &quot;severity&quot;. Here is the query I use to find any blockers in QA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;status = &quot;Ready for QA&quot; AND priority = Blocker ORDER BY created ASC, updatedDate ASC&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Priority&quot; can equal &quot;Blocker&quot;, &quot;Severe&quot;, &quot;Major&quot;, &quot;Minor&quot;, or &quot;Trivial&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out the official documentation on &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/display/JIRA/Advanced+Searching&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;how to use advanced filters&lt;/a&gt; in JIRA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T20:13:00.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13145" CreationDate="2015-05-21T20:22:04.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/teststudio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Telerik Test Studio&lt;/a&gt; for web applications. It doesn't require any knowledge of programming and has an intuitive interface. The test runner can be put on any of the VMs you might be using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is not a web application, the only thing I have worked with would be &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIT&lt;/a&gt; (which can have a steep learning curve).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T20:22:04.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13144" CreationDate="2015-05-21T20:37:40.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[W]hat sort of direction should I head in for learning and practicing my SQL?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;W3Schools has good info on SQL. There are many flavors of SQL (MySQL and T-SQL are the big ones) but the basics are the same for the queries you'll likely use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What SQL concepts should I absolutely know before I head in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can SELECT and JOIN, you probably have enough to validate data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What kind of test topics should I expect? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who knows really. Cover your bases and check out the links Chris Kenst shared in his answer. I like to ask questions not related to testing but rather problem solving; &quot;How many ping-pong balls will it take to fill up a limo?&quot; From your questions it sounds like an entry-level position so they won't expect you to know everything but you should make it clear that you know how to find the answers. &quot;I don't know, but I am sure but I am sure I can find out using Google and/or StackOVerflow.&quot; Do not try to BS your way through any question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T20:37:40.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-05-21T20:50:17.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lots of terms&lt;/strong&gt; could describe this, depending on what you want to describe. For example you could describe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the testers, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the potential problems they face, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the coverage, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the oracle(s) they used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the activities they perform &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and/or their testing approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on your question it seems like you are &lt;strong&gt;trying to describe the testers&lt;/strong&gt; (or who's doing the testing), correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the students are part of your target market you could say &lt;strong&gt;targeted user testing&lt;/strong&gt; or just &lt;strong&gt;user testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If they are &lt;strong&gt;subject matter experts&lt;/strong&gt; than say that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alpha or Beta testing&lt;/strong&gt; usually refers to the product's status or readiness but could also describe who does the testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dog fooding, pair-testing, localization testing all sort of fit into describing the testers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Real life testing&quot; could be called, as uTest refers to it as, &lt;strong&gt;In The Wild&lt;/strong&gt; testing. &lt;strong&gt;Exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;ad-hoc testing&lt;/strong&gt; generally refers to the approach (see the last bullet point in the first list). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course many of these terms are complimentary so you could say your company did &quot;in the wild testing with a targeted group of users who performed user acceptance testing through an exploratory approach.&quot; I don't know why you'd do that but you could. =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T20:50:17.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9345" CreationDate="2015-05-21T21:07:46.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://page-objects.readthedocs.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;page-objects&lt;/a&gt; library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12098" LastActivityDate="2015-05-21T21:07:46.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8997" CreationDate="2015-05-22T04:22:37.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO the node config file is not formatted correctly (should be a valid JSON file). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the &lt;code&gt;&quot;version&quot;:&quot;6.1&quot;&lt;/code&gt; the value should be string, and the &lt;code&gt;“hubHost”: “192.168.28.74”:&lt;/code&gt; &amp;lt;--- shouldn't contain colon after the host hub address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And IMO you should define: &lt;code&gt;&quot;hub&quot;: &quot;http://&amp;lt;address&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;port&amp;gt;/grid/register&quot;,&lt;/code&gt; too on the configuration area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here is some example of a valid node config:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; {&#xA;     &quot;capabilities&quot;: [&#xA;         {&#xA;             &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;Android&quot;,&#xA;             &quot;version&quot;: &quot;4.4&quot;,&#xA;             &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1,&#xA;             &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;ANDROID&quot;,&#xA;             &quot;deviceName&quot;: &quot;08b8c683&quot;&#xA;         }&#xA;     ],&#xA;     &quot;configuration&quot;: {&#xA;         &quot;cleanUpCycle&quot;: 2000,&#xA;         &quot;timeout&quot;: 300,&#xA;         &quot;browserTimeout&quot;: 300,&#xA;         &quot;hub&quot;: &quot;http://localhost:4444/grid/register&quot;,&#xA;         &quot;host&quot;: &quot;localhost&quot;,&#xA;         &quot;maxSession&quot;: 1,&#xA;         &quot;port&quot;: 4733,&#xA;         &quot;hubPort&quot;: 4444,&#xA;         &quot;hubHost&quot;: &quot;localhost&quot;,&#xA;         &quot;url&quot;: &quot;http://localhost:4733/wd/hub&quot;,&#xA;         &quot;register&quot;: true,&#xA;         &quot;registerCycle&quot;: 5000,&#xA;         &quot;role&quot;: &quot;node&quot;&#xA;     }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12054" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T04:22:37.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13163" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-22T06:20:13.523" Score="1" ViewCount="3744" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to start using Jmeter for performance testing but I am unable to run it on my system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i tried to open Jmeter.bat through command line it display these errors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.Throwable: Could not access C:\Users\hp\Desktop\apache-jmeter-2.13\lib&#xA;&#xA;        at org.apache.jmeter.NewDriver.&amp;lt;clinit&amp;gt;(NewDriver.java:99)&#xA;java.lang.Throwable: Could not access C:\Users\hp\Desktop\apache-jmeter-2.13\lib&#xA;\ext&#xA;        at org.apache.jmeter.NewDriver.&amp;lt;clinit&amp;gt;(NewDriver.java:99)&#xA;java.lang.Throwable: Could not access C:\Users\hp\Desktop\apache-jmeter-2.13\lib&#xA;\junit&#xA;        at org.apache.jmeter.NewDriver.&amp;lt;clinit&amp;gt;(NewDriver.java:99)&#xA;java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.jmeter.JMeter&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at org.apache.jmeter.NewDriver.main(NewDriver.java:260)&#xA;JMeter home directory was detected as: C:\Users\hp\Desktop\apache-jmeter-2.13&#xA;C:\Users\hp\Desktop\apache-jmeter-2.13\bin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already set path of java. I am using java version 1.8.0_75.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11980" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T07:04:45.930" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T11:50:58.220" Title="JMeter does not run in windows 7 (64-bit)" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13164" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-22T10:33:42.127" Score="0" ViewCount="1373" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ClfmW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Log In request two tags (Email and Password) are present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to use this request Email value in another Test Case (Email Validation) test step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please give solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastEditorUserId="11878" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T10:44:12.757" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T11:36:01.833" Title="how to transfer data in multiple test case in Soap UI (open source)" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13147" CreationDate="2015-05-22T13:43:29.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. That situation is defined as Alpha Testing. According to the ISTQB, Alpha Testing is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alpha Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Simulated or actual operational testing by potential users/customers or an&#xA;independent test team at the developers’ site, but outside the development organization.&#xA;Alpha testing is often employed for off-the-shelf software as a form of internal acceptance testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T13:43:29.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13166" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-22T13:59:08.267" Score="4" ViewCount="1724" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Automation Testing.  By googling about Selenium I gained a some  knowledge on Selenium. But I have small doubt i.e., Selenium will support the multiple languages like Javascript with Node.js, Java, Php, .Net, and Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do we get any addition features by using the different technologies/language? Or else it was just flexiblity for a developers to work with Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-23T13:38:20.347" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T16:39:00.067" Title="Selenium with multiple languages gives any additional features" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13168" CreationDate="2015-05-22T14:11:54.607" Score="0" ViewCount="579" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found that an interesting example and I struggle with classification (which is quite important for our metrics):&#xA;There is an issue with a hardware button, when it is kept pressed, it toggles the ON/OFF conditions (as if holding a power button caused continual turning on/turning off of a device). The action should happen only once, of course.&#xA;I struggle whether this is a functional or a non functional issue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The spec says: &lt;em&gt;when the button is pressed and X is not shown, show it. When it is pressed and X is shown, hide it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does work like that but in addition, continuous holding of the button causes X to show &amp;amp; hide repeatedly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking about non-functional requirement but cannot think of any that would fit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T14:45:45.453" Title="Functional or non-functional issue: a button kept pressed causes troubles" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13167" CreationDate="2015-05-22T14:14:57.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered that it's not an issue in the design or implementation, but a defect in the requirements? The spec that you quoted doesn't mention what to do in this particular case. I would call this a defect in the requirements and say that the requirement was incomplete or unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When classifying this requirement, I would try to avoid classifying it as functional or non-functional, since the defect is in your requirements specification, not a product that has functional and non-functional characteristics. If that's not possible, if you have or can create a &quot;documentation&quot; type under non-functional defects, then that would be suitable and could be used to capture other requirements, design document, test plan/procedure document, user manual, and so on defects as well. Alternatively, &quot;usability&quot; would be my next choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="684" LastEditorUserId="684" LastEditDate="2015-05-22T14:45:45.453" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T14:45:45.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13166" CreationDate="2015-05-22T14:36:37.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use Selenium IDE to make tests and export to C# you will find that not all commands are availible. So you dont gain any features but you might lose some in the translation process. Essentially, a thrid party plugin converts from Seleniese to whatever language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use whatever language you feel comfortable using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-05-23T13:39:18.367" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T13:39:18.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9036" CreationDate="2015-05-22T14:36:58.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;By IDE you can't check the code (scripts), but you can check the results of running code (scripts) - the HTML tags or their changes.&#xA;More variability to Selenium IDE you can add with Selblocks plugin, which allows you to make conditions and jumps.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T14:36:58.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2963" CreationDate="2015-05-22T14:43:20.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems Countries WSDL path is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try TempConvert Wsdl as an example in W3Schools Web site:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/webservices/tempconvert.asmx?wsdl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/webservices/tempconvert.asmx?wsdl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you load the wsdl from SoapUI tool you will see 2 operations belongs to this web service:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CelciusToFahrenheit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FahrenheitToCelsius&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T14:43:20.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13166" CreationDate="2015-05-22T20:55:08.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So selenium was created in java, so they have all of the advantages of updates and community for questions. I personally like C# because of my background with the .NET technologies. I know that people have recommended that I switch to java because of the community base, and how quickly things are updated for their technology. So to answer your question, none of the languages have a necessarily &quot;additional features&quot; but java is going to be your best bet for most up to date. I hope that answers your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-05-22T20:55:08.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13166" CreationDate="2015-05-23T13:53:31.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The interesting part of Selenium (the part that controls the browser) -- is a Javascript library that runs in the browser.  The multi-language API is a set of libraries that talk to that Javascript library.  Each API has the same browser control primitives.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other libraries that might make working with Selenium more convenient, e.g. support for page objects.  Those are not part of the Selenium project and may not be available in every language that Selenium supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T13:53:31.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13176" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-23T14:00:44.740" Score="3" ViewCount="905" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a user is working on a particular test case in Test plan module.He is copying that test case to some other project but he wants to make sure no other person should work on it or just a information (a flag set ) to show that he is working on particular test case. How could it be achievable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11939" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T15:30:54.640" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T15:30:54.640" Title="How to lock particular test case in Test plan module when some one is working in Particular TC" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13177" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-23T19:49:18.477" Score="1" ViewCount="3315" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a date picker option on my website where I have to pick up a date for after 2 weeks from current date, how do I do that using java programming language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12080" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T04:12:54.363" Title="How do I write a Java code for date picker where I can choose random dates every time" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12141" CreationDate="2015-05-23T19:55:24.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;element is visible in your viewport, if not, try calling &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/en/latest/api.html#selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver.WebDriver.maximize_window&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maximize_window()&lt;/a&gt; in order to maximize the current window that webdriver is using,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your element is not appearing twice (under the same selector), and you're selecting the wrong one,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if your element is hidden, then consider making it visible,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you'd like to change value of hidden element, then use &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/3387/2840&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.execute_script()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to achieve that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This basically happens, because Selenium is designed to imitate user interaction, so you can't access/change element that normally the user cannot interact with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2840" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-05-23T19:55:24.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13179" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-24T13:10:53.697" Score="0" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created page object model framework using Selenium Web Driver,TestNG and ANT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem: Single Test case is executed successfully but while executing them together some test cases fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reason: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser is not able render DOM quickly which creates &lt;code&gt;StaleElementException&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementExeception&lt;/code&gt; etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server is taking time to respond to request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Work Around:&#xA;In my framework I am re-running failed test cases automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12117" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T18:09:09.227" LastActivityDate="2020-11-19T18:56:25.633" Title="Not able to execute 700 Test Cases on Firefox and Chrome" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13177" CreationDate="2015-05-25T04:12:54.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The below code should give you two weeks from the current date &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;dd/MM/yyyy&quot;);&#xA;    Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();&#xA;    c.setTime(new Date()); // Use today date&#xA;    c.add(Calendar.DATE, 14); // Adding 14 days which is two weeks from the current date&#xA;    String output = sdf.format(c.getTime());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selecting this date from the date picker will require knowing what type of date picker is used in your website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out the below link for more on how to select if using selenium&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21398575/select-a-date-from-date-picker-using-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21398575/select-a-date-from-date-picker-using-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11761" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T04:12:54.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13181" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-25T09:26:38.720" Score="3" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone here followed a model whereby a test engineer is embedded in the development organization? We are thinking of following a model where:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test engineer is embedded in the development organisation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Works with the feature owner for a sprint, and gets the functional unit test done for the feature. Also works on QA tests whilst embedded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Takes these tests and runs them as part of the QA process also.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone else followed the model, and have any suggestions/gotchas based on their experiences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11899" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-27T11:06:09.023" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T10:44:45.977" Title="Test engineer embedded in development organisation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13179" CreationDate="2015-05-25T10:48:03.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to troubleshoot / evaluate below options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is your test machine having low configuration or in a different network ? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you run tests on machine which has Application installed is it faster ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you batch it and run tests ? instead of running it altogether ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you distribute the cases. Compile the the project as a jar. Deploy it in multiple machines. Run selected set of cases from each executable ? This way you have multiple test machines sharing the load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-running failed test is good option, You many need to isolate / trouble shoot those failed tests. Can you split those cases (long running cases further)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have personally observed timeout issues when machines are in different domain. I have tried to map network drives locally, install app on the test machine, increase configuration of test machines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This mostly looks to be infrastructure issue, network issue. Alternatively you can try distributing cases across multiple machines. Instead of running 700 cases I would try building up in 10, 20, 50, 100 and start distributing them across multiple nodes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T10:48:03.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13183" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-25T12:01:20.700" Score="0" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to integrate Telerik Test Studio with TestLink.&#xA;Does anyone know how to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12120" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T02:50:07.233" Title="How can I upload Telerik Test Studio test results to TestLink" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13184" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-25T13:20:25.167" Score="0" ViewCount="1043" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a selenium framework in combination with TestNG. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to export a list of all test names are their associated descriptions? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T14:45:52.017" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T06:36:25.427" Title="Export list of testNG tests within a project/suite?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13163" CreationDate="2015-05-25T20:13:44.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ClassNotFoundException&lt;/code&gt; occurs if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) the jar containing the class definition is not present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) there exists some duplicate definition of a class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.jmeter.JMeter&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means that the jar file is missing/corrupted, due to which you're getting this error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try these methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if this class is present in     &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;JMETER_HOME&amp;gt;/lib/ext/ApacheJMeter_core.jar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if this jar file is not broken.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try to use fresh installation of last available jmeter version &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check integrity of downloaded jmeter archive against PGP or MD5 signatures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check that $JAVA_HOME is defined and points to JDK 1.6.0 or higher.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-25T20:22:52.053" LastActivityDate="2015-05-25T20:22:52.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13186" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-26T01:10:49.040" Score="-4" ViewCount="15767" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am a beginner in manual testing.What are  the possible  scenarios for testing the radio button and link field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12124" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T11:18:51.367" Title="How to write a test case for radio button and link field?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-27T09:58:15.653" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10136" CreationDate="2015-05-26T01:39:13.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can use test case templates. These test case templates will be available when you a creating steps for test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12125" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T01:39:13.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13189" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13217" CreationDate="2015-05-26T07:03:46.357" Score="1" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester with very limited coding experience . Knowledge of which automation tool would help me to cope up with the testing industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12126" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-05-26T14:47:04.530" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T15:21:25.170" Title="Jump to test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-05-27T17:20:25.213" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13186" CreationDate="2015-05-26T07:10:08.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scenario for a radio button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the radio button is triggering any event , if so check if that's happening.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select the button and continue with the execution , check expected result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not select the button and continue with the execution . check the expected result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are multiple radio buttons check whether selecting one removes the others(main purpose of having a radio button)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the text and other minor things are in place.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12126" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T07:10:08.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13189" CreationDate="2015-05-26T07:13:45.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Knowledge of coding is fundamental before jumping into tools. you need to be comfortable to write utilities / small tools as part to automate / eliminate your manual tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a continous process to master. For automation you need to choose your area of interest - mobile, web, web services. All of these would need java basics and fundamentals (xml handling, http client, logging, DB connectivity, testNG, OOPS etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are sites dedicated for this example - toolsqa.com, seleniumtests.com. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T07:13:45.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13189" CreationDate="2015-05-26T07:19:32.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its always best decision to move for automation after some good experience in manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are lot of benefits of automation and you can do regression , functional and some other testing using automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you to start from Selenium web driver for automation. But before move to selenium you should have following skills :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Basic programming knowledge &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Logic development skill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Database knowledge would be plus&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Website structure , web services etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium supports Java , Python , Ruby , C# and php so if you have basic skill on any one of these languages then it would be more easy to start automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More Detail about Selenium is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-05-26T07:25:17.963" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T07:25:17.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13181" CreationDate="2015-05-26T08:57:50.617" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did and do now, but you didn't go far enough with your model.&#xA;The test engineer is part of a team, not a stranger dropped into it. Some, like Microsoft, take it to extreme and drop the &quot;test&quot; title altogether but let's focus on the more conservative case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an integral part of a team the test engineer is part of the whole development cycle, not only for Agile teams but also when doing iterative or waterfall-ish development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zooming in and out of features shouldn't be the special case but the routine, the same as code-writers do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T08:57:50.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13186" CreationDate="2015-05-26T11:18:51.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can have a lot of scenarios- both for the radio button and link field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me list a few of them- I will categorize them separately&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Radio Button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In radio button test cases, you can test for the following conditions&#xA;UI cases &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     -Is the Radio Button visible on webpage.&#xA;&#xA;     - Does the radio button lists all the required options&#xA;&#xA;     - Radio button should show the correct options against the radio buttons.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional - Listed above are good scenarios by @Anarch. Apart from these you can check &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     - If the radio button allows for single or more than one selection.&#xA;&#xA;     - If single selection, are you able to select more than one option (negative test case)&#xA;&#xA;     - If multiple options can be done, is it happening.&#xA;&#xA;     - If any event is supposed to be triggering, is it triggered.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Validation : Scenario 2,3  listed above are good enough to check for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Link Field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A link field should have these test cases :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   -Is the Link field visible on webpage.&#xA;&#xA;   - Input box for entering links is present.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   - Should recognize hyperlinks&#xA;&#xA;   - Check expected vs actual behavior for different types of url (static and dynamic)&#xA;&#xA;   - Is it able to validate the incorrect or broken links&#xA;&#xA;   - Should only accept links (not garbage or incorrect texts)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are something that are coming on top of the mind right now. It should be based on how much extensively you want to test both. No of test cases can be increased or decreased based on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T11:18:51.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13195" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13203" CreationDate="2015-05-26T12:49:13.280" Score="0" ViewCount="919" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two windows default, working on second window. Here I have clicked on some link which opens another window. Now I am trying to shift my focus to this opened window, but unable to focus it. &#xA;Initially I have taken &lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; obj1=driver.getWindowHandles();&lt;/code&gt; which have two values. After clicking on link I have taken another set as &lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; obj2=driver.getWindowHandles();&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the for each loop I am adding the strings of the obj2 to obj1, if the obj2 is added then I am writing the code line as &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(obj2-- which is added)&lt;/code&gt; but I am getting error like this..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Error message: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: DevTools returned unknown type:webview&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=43.0.2357.65)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.7.236900,platform=Windows NT 6.1 SP1 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 9 milliseconds&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-05-26T18:43:09.197" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T20:14:58.137" Title="Unable to move the control from parent to child window" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13207" CreationDate="2015-05-26T14:16:16.020" Score="0" ViewCount="1184" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started writing unit tests recently and need to test reading fields in a spreadsheet (.xlsx and .xls), my biggest question is: &lt;br&gt;Should I create a spreadsheet by code using Apache POI or use external spreadsheet models that are used in software? &lt;b&gt;What is the best practice?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12134" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:05:20.837" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:05:20.837" Title="Unit testing with external files" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13199" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-26T14:31:43.840" Score="4" ViewCount="6015" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a cucumber project in Ruby using Selenium Webdriver and Chromedriver and I would like to know if a page I access is up or in maintenance. To do this, I would like to access the response-headers of the HTTP Get request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12136" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T15:30:13.140" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T15:30:13.140" Title="Getting response headers with Selenium Webdriver / Chromedriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13189" CreationDate="2015-05-26T16:16:41.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scripting languages will allow you to develop tools to automate your own routine tasks. Python is widely considered as best first language for beginners, and there are many free online courses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another good language to know is bash (if you use Linux).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are competent Python programmer, you will see that automated QA tests are just regular Python programs which use Selenium webdriver library to interact with a page opened in a browser. No magic. Simple programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later, you can learn other languages, if you need to. Most are very similar in concept to Python (Java, C++, C# are just object-oriented variants of C, as Python is, and after learning python you will see they just use slightly different syntax to work basically same way, with Python helping you more to declare variables and their types). All these belong to Algol family (with Perl, Ruby, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some languages are significantly different, and knowing Python (or any other language) will not help. Lisp, Forth, Erlang, Prolog, Haskel are completely different languages (very different from Java/C bandwagon, and completely different from each other) and learning them will expand your mind - but it might be painful learning experience, like learning your first language. But is might be fun to peek how they work, so you can see difference between syntax of language and the semantics. Syntax is easy and deceiving. Semantics is hard and powerful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Javascript is another good language to know, but it is NOT good for beginners - will not help you write good code in a way that Python does, and will allow you to acquire bad habits from bad code posted all over Internet. Syntax is deceptively like C/Java, but semantics is from Scala/Lisp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each search should start with Google and wikipedia. You may also want to look up &quot;blub programming language&quot; - construct to compare the power of programming languages, and read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/hundred.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;language for next 100 years&lt;/a&gt; about evolution of programming languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T16:16:41.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13166" CreationDate="2015-05-26T16:39:00.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Read essay about the evolution of programming languages &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/hundred.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;language for next 100 years&lt;/a&gt; and another one, finding a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/avg.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;language to beat averages&lt;/a&gt; which explores language expressive power, using Blub as example (to avoid religious wars - because selecting a language is for many people emotional issue like selecting a sports club).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you start test automation you need to &lt;strong&gt;learn programming. Python is widely considered as best language to learn programming&lt;/strong&gt; (helps programmer to handle many tasks which C/C++/C#/Java does not) and has excellent Selenium bindings (and is excellent language for QA tests, because C#/Java are more focused on optimizing computer performance, while Python optimizes &lt;strong&gt;programmer's productivity&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T16:39:00.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13227" CreationDate="2015-05-26T17:38:30.170" Score="1" ViewCount="2222" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using specrun in visual studio to run my specflow unit tests.  I have found that after a certain number of tests fail, specrun will stop and skip any remaining tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I run all tests regardless of failures?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T13:59:59.183" Title="Specrun - don't stop executing tests after a certain number fail" Tags="&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13195" CreationDate="2015-05-26T17:42:52.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though I have never faced this issue, it seems familiar. I saw this error message returned on one of my friend's test script. I then searched and found the following links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29765847/unknown-error-devtools-returned-unknown-typewebvie&quot;&gt;Link1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30359621/webdriverexception-message-unknown-error-devtools-returned-unknown-typeservi&quot;&gt;Link2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My friend's issue got resolved after he followed advice given in 2. You can try the resolutions mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T17:42:52.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13199" CreationDate="2015-05-26T17:53:19.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned, Webdriver explicitly decided not to include the ability to inspect HTTP traffic in their project. The recommended technique is to use a proxy to capture the browser traffic by specifying the proxy address in your desired capabilities. Then, you can inspect traffic from the proxy. A common proxy is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Browsermob Proxy&lt;/a&gt; - it was forked from Selenium years ago, and it has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jarib/browsermob-proxy-rb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ruby gem&lt;/a&gt; that allows you to inspect &amp;amp; modify requests and responses, including response headers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, for your purpose it does sound like it may be enough to check it with a ruby HTTP client instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4378" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T17:53:19.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13199" CreationDate="2015-05-26T18:54:51.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It may be easier to just openAndWait() the URL and do some conditional logic to see if the page displays a maintenance message or not.&#xA;Incorporating a proxy (as mentioned in other responses) for this one use case sounds like a rather expensive operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I have setup a proxy to ensure that a tracking pixel (Google Analytics or Omniture, for example) fires and it's values are asserted. For that I have used the Fiddler core, but not in combination with Selenium (I was using Telerik Test Studio which has it built in).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T18:54:51.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13183" CreationDate="2015-05-26T19:08:26.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There isn't any built in support for TestLink (&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.telerik.com/teststudio/features/integration/bug-tracking/Configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;). You could integrate it manually through VB or C# code (&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.telerik.com/teststudio/advanced-topics/coded-steps/coded-step&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;coded step&lt;/a&gt;) where when a test fails, it does whatever you want it to (Ex., Upload the test result via an API POST method). I would try the TestLink forums to get help with that if it's a route you want to explore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, copy+paste!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T19:08:26.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13198" CreationDate="2015-05-26T19:39:28.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How the spreadsheet/workbook is created shouldn't matter. You may have some issues with cells whose value is derived from a formula though. I like to work with .csv files if at all possible. They are much easier to parse if you write the java code yourself (without using 3rd party libraries).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few examples for Excel file types, from HelloSelenium.com, that I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.helloselenium.com/2014/09/how-to-perform-data-driven-using-excel.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HOW TO PERFORM DATA DRIVEN USING EXCEL FILE (.XLSX) IN SELENIUM WEBDRIVER ?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.helloselenium.com/2014/09/how-to-read-data-from-excel-file-xlsx.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HOW TO READ DATA FROM EXCEL FILE (.XLSX) USING APACHE POI?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T19:39:28.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13181" CreationDate="2015-05-26T20:32:21.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many different approaches will work it the people involved want them to work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And vice versa, arrangements which will work in one company will not work in another if people involved do not want them to work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is called &quot;company politics&quot;, and is better answered in workplace subforum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-05-26T20:32:21.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13216" CreationDate="2015-05-27T00:29:32.110" Score="5" ViewCount="160" Body="&lt;p&gt;The startup I work for is looking into outsourcing our manual testing to an unaffiliated testing lab called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.applause.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Applause&lt;/a&gt; (formerly uTest). Right now the Operations team is doing all the manual labor, and none of them have training as testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applause offered us a one-month trial period, after which we would enter into a 12-month contract provided they meet a set of conditions agreed upon by both parties. What criteria should I ask for that would be fair to both parties? I feel as though I cannot ask for measurements like &quot;x amount of bugs&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some example criteria that Applause has used in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correctly identify the severity of defects (to within 80% accuracy) which they provided&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issues logged as always occurring are in fact reproducible using the steps, and environment provided 80+ %&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issues contain appropriate level of detail and information (i.e. log files, screen shots, etc) required 80+ %&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases and environments covered and completed within the time requested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12144" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-27T08:41:50.830" LastActivityDate="2019-01-23T18:30:47.150" Title="How can I evaluate a 3rd party testing service?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13209" CreationDate="2015-05-27T00:48:56.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot outsource understanding of your system - and you cannot test what you do not understand how it works (or hire someone who does not have time to learn your system to test it). So i would expect that it will be your company responsibility to develop test scripts, expected answers, and what service automate for you is clicking and checking results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, having adversarial relations with QA is IMHO a recipe for disaster which will end up in blame-shifting and finger-pointing. maybe that's why they changed name from uTest to Applause?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About my experience with a bit similar service (testing by untrained users) see &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13147/is-there-a-correct-term-for-testing-done-by-testers-hired-just-to-use-the-app/13152#13152&quot;&gt;this my answer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T01:15:00.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13209" CreationDate="2015-05-27T07:45:06.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard good things about uTest, but I am not sure they are a good choice for every product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I tested a simple application for mobile Android devices their services were priceless- a wide range of devices, geographic locations and field tests all defined in the contract to some degree for example- test in X Y Z cities or continents, using 10 out of the 20 most used devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure they are a good fit when the product becomes complicated and a lot of resources are needed, either time, hardware, installation or configuration since this will dull their advantage of agility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottom line is the same as for any other employee or contract- you must have trust. An item like &quot;Correctly identify the severity of defects&quot; is a source for endless argues is you don't like the services you get and looking for a way out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T07:45:06.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13209" CreationDate="2015-05-27T08:36:38.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that you rather pay for them to work for two months with option to extend that to 12 months or whatever you need. That way you don't have to argue if some criteria has been fulfilled, you can get out of the deal if you are not satisfied with them, and ultimately only lose much smaller amount if they fulfill things to the letter, but are still not what you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T08:36:38.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13214" CreationDate="2015-05-27T10:03:17.860" Score="3" ViewCount="22107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I installed netbeans and then Selenium Client Driver and the step i have done after installing Client Driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open NetBeans IDE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Goto File-&gt;New Project-&gt;Categories Java and Projects Java Application and click next.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give the Project Name and Destination where it it will be saved and click finished.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right Click on project which is shown on the left side of NetBeans and select Properties&#xA;5.Add all jars with in the selenium-2.37.0 folder (selenium-2.37.0 + selenium-java-2.37.0-srcs.jar +All jar in libs folder)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After Completing this much steps also I couldn't start working on it..can anyone please tell if any other process I need to do after this, also please tell me how to start writing codes, because  Iam new to webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11666" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-27T11:00:48.097" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T17:04:59.230" Title="How to configure Selenium Webdriver with netbeans?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13213" CreationDate="2015-05-27T10:58:01.687" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of downloading and using your own Selenium jars I would use &lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Maven is used as a build tool and will download any dependencies you might need, like the latest version of Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download &amp;amp; Install Netbeans with JDK at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html&lt;/a&gt; (Also install JUnit with the installer)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Install Firefox&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a new project: Maven -&gt; Java Application&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Under project files edit pom.xml and add Selenium dependency&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-xml prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.45.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Right click project-name to get a menu and select: New -&gt; Other. Pick the JUnit Test from the Unit Tests category. Next -&gt; Finish.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pasted the following code to replace the JUnit test file&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class NewEmptyJUnitTest {&#xA;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;  public void hello() {&#xA;    WebDriver driver  = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;      driver.get(&quot;http://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13213/how-to-configure-selenium-webdriver-with-netbeans&quot;);&#xA;      WebElement acceptAnswerLink = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;vote-accepted-13214&quot;));&#xA;      acceptAnswerLink.click();  &#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hit Ctrl-F6 to run the unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The result should be that Firefox starts opening this page and accepting this answer ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put the files on github: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/NetbeansMavenSelenium&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/NetbeansMavenSelenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-27T17:04:59.230" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T17:04:59.230" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13181" CreationDate="2015-05-27T12:01:00.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been in this scenario quite a few times. Depending on your skill level and personality you can be either the weak link or the driving force of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Communicate&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talk to the product owner. Understand the requirements. Clarify the stories. Ensure that everyone is on the same page with the exact same expectations. Your primary task should be as an advocate between the Development team and the users. Ensuring that neither Dev nor Users is chasing any golden gooses and that everyone knows their role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find defects before they exist&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talk through every story. Allow the product owner and the Developer to discuss how they envision the end product. Develop a list of potential issues or tricky areas and ensure that they are covered prior to development. Make it clear that the developer not only can come to you for any questions but that you will happily assist them in any way through the process in order to create the best possible solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study study study&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Know your product, inside and out. If you have dev experience, do code reviews regularly. If not, learn how each piece functions (do this with dev experience as well). Learn the people on the team. Learn how to manage the Users/Owners expectations. Learn your Developer's strengths and weaknesses. Work closely with everyone and earn their respect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Take charge&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have established yourself within the team as someone that can be relied on people will naturally look to you for the solutions to their problems. This opens up the ability to ensure that issues are corrected properly prior to their creation which is a huge win for everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caffeinate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expect a lot of work early on depending on the status of the project. Your main goal currently should be to take the knowledge from everyone in the team and consolidate it while learning the patterns and abilities of your colleagues. This will usually mean long days and potentially nights as well but if you achieve it, it will become one of the best jobs you've ever had and is extremely rewarding when you start getting consistent and constant successes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2015-06-02T11:05:37.497" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T11:05:37.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13209" CreationDate="2015-05-27T12:25:55.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you look at their &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Device Fragmentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scope of testing, (white box / black box) test aspects, App store testing, versioning, Security testing, memory usage and usage of best practices (mind maps, automated tools, carriers etc..)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tools used / Automation Efforts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Previous projects in similar domain / expertise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meaningful Measure of Number of priority issues identified at early cycle of projects / Test efforts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production issues support / fixes / troubleshooting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Skillset of resources / Knowledge Transfer after testing in terms of tools, processes/ Support for Reproducing issues after release to production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are multiple companies. You can invite them with a summary of above info and their charges. After a detailed discussion you can arrive at pros / cons of each provider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="737" LastEditDate="2015-05-27T12:39:46.813" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T12:39:46.813" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13189" CreationDate="2015-05-27T13:55:42.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At least one programming language initial knowledge is a must (syntax, basic entities, cycles, conditions, operators, etc.). Although the majority of tools offer record-and-replay capabilities, in most cases recorder test won't replay properly without modification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to tools, it depends on the area. I'll list the most popular free and open source tools, hopefully it'll be helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desktop Applications testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ldtp.freedesktop.org/wiki/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LDTP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Web Applications testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Watir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile Applications testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://calaba.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Calabash&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performance Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For aforementioned performance testing tools &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; guide should help you to choose. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T13:55:42.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13218" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-27T14:00:29.653" Score="6" ViewCount="1953" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing this query in HP ALM 11.52 and facing the error&#xA;&quot;Conversion failed when converting the varchar value '&lt;em&gt;userid&lt;/em&gt;' to data type int&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Query is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select * &#xA;from Testcycl&#xA;join Audit_Log on tc_test_id = au_entity_id&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the &lt;em&gt;userid&lt;/em&gt; is a string and it is unable to convert it to data type int. How can we resolve this error in the HP ALM Query builder?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12150" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-05-27T17:18:47.073" LastActivityDate="2021-04-04T08:03:50.360" Title="Conversion failed when converting the varchar value to data type int" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;sql&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13189" CreationDate="2015-05-27T15:21:25.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... with very limited coding experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most answers are glossing over this statement. Selenium/Webdriver is a very popular resource as it's free and open source. You can use Selenium IDE to record and click to make test cases and export them to whatever language you are most comfortable using. However, it is going to require some coding on your part as not all commands are supported in all languages. Java probably has the best support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When considering tools you need to look at the overall cost and not the initial cost (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.benchmarkqa.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/BenchmarkQAs25thAnniversary-Top25TipsforBetterSoftwareQuality.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;). In terms of man hours, Selenium can become quite expensive, especially if you are not a proficient programmer. I always suggest &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/teststudio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Telerik Test Studio&lt;/a&gt; in cases like this. The trial is free so I would make a test in Telerik and then make a test in Selenium and see which you like better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T15:21:25.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13220" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-27T19:33:55.713" Score="1" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a GIS API that used the OpenLayers 2 library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I performed the unit tests with QUnit and the code coverage is done with BlanketJS. It works like a charm. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I am writing the integration tests (automated testing) with Selenium WebDriver 2 (java version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current app is basically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an HTML page,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a JavaScript file with the GIS API  (this has been tested with QUnit)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a JavaScript file where I manage the elements of the HTML page, using jQuery and so on (I wanted to cover this file and know how much I have tested from it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been reading about code coverage for Selenium WebDriver and I came across &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7691/code-coverage-for-web-applications&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, which is certainly a good solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I think it means that I should run the tests on an other machine. Is there a simpler way to perform the code coverage of such a project? I mean, is there a way to do it on my machine, without installing SonarQube and stuff like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The app is quite small for now, so I would prefer a simpler way to do the test coverage of the JS file mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forgive me if this question sounds repeated or noob-like, but I am a newbie with Selenium WebDriver that is looking for simple things to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12148" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T01:59:16.557" Title="How to get the test coverage from a GIS API tested with Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13220" CreationDate="2015-05-27T20:47:51.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did a Google search and came across &lt;a href=&quot;https://innovatorsdelight.wordpress.com/2014/05/05/collecting-javascript-code-coverage-during-a-selenium-automation-test-run/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt; that seems to fit the bill. It goes over how to use JSCover with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-27T20:47:51.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13222" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13223" CreationDate="2015-05-28T07:19:17.940" Score="1" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to get the background image url which is defined in a css class . Is it possible to do by using selenium webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;Sample Text with Logo&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to achevie the logo url but that url is defined in the title class.&#xA;If any solved these type of issues please let me know &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-05-28T07:25:18.007" LastActivityDate="2015-06-06T08:12:14.653" Title="Is it possible to access the css class using webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13222" CreationDate="2015-05-28T07:46:46.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get property background URL by following code &lt;code&gt;.getCssValue(&quot;background&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;your site URL&quot;);&#xA;String url = driver.findElement(By.Xpath(&quot;//path&quot;)).getCssValue(&quot;background&quot;)&#xA;System.out.println(url);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above will print background Image URL as per your need. Please replace actual URL and your title div xpath in above code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-06T08:12:14.653" LastActivityDate="2015-06-06T08:12:14.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12035" CreationDate="2015-05-28T12:57:43.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;...a bit of necroposting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use Extractor component you have to correctly set &lt;code&gt;Field to check&lt;/code&gt; value.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In your case it will be &lt;code&gt;URL&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/06lkV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HTTP Sampler&#xA;    Regular Expression Extractor&#xA;        Reference Name:             GUID&#xA;        Regular Expression:         Guid=(.+?)&amp;amp;&#xA;        Template:                   $1$&#xA;        Match No (0 for Random):    1&#xA;        Default value:              NOT_FOUND&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T12:57:43.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13226" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-28T13:20:41.523" Score="-2" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question here is I would like to integrate Zephyr or any other tool with &lt;strong&gt;JIRA&lt;/strong&gt; which could answer all my queries below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is Zephyr/any tool all about and how its going to work for QA ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the advantages when compared to other tools ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will it support if I want to integrate with other tool ( JIRA ) ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if we have 'n' number of existing projects so once I install Zephyr/any tool what should be the preliminary checks which has to be performed from our end? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What version of JIRA will Zephyr/any tool support if we integrate ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many users can use Zephyr/any tool ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How it works for different size projects ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How it works in case of Test Case Preparation, Execution, Reporting ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How good is the tool when I integrate Zephyr/any tool with JIRA ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once I uninstall the tool Zephyr/any tool will it hamper any of my data which is present previously ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How about the maintenance &amp;amp; support ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if I wanna crash any project completely ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other than Zephyr/any tool server where the complete data can be stored ? Can we make a copy of it ? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does this particular tool support Automation as well ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me finding solution? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note :&lt;/strong&gt; Ready to go with Paid tools but it should answer my above mentioned queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6879" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-28T13:51:16.410" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T09:57:18.883" Title="Test Management Tool Integration with JIRA" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-05-29T20:36:08.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13202" CreationDate="2015-05-28T13:59:59.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to fix this by adding stopAfterFailures=&quot;-1&quot; to the Execution node in default.srprofile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Execution retryFor=&quot;None&quot; testThreadCount=&quot;1&quot; testSchedulingMode=&quot;Sequential&quot; stopAfterFailures=&quot;-1&quot; /&amp;gt;    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T13:59:59.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13241" CreationDate="2015-05-28T15:52:39.463" Score="2" ViewCount="354" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm kind of new to software testing. I'm like a first-year student in computer programming who is not familiar with the testing field. So I'm looking for a few books that would give a high-level overview of this field as opposed to diving into a lot of details. (Maybe a book for business people or Managers as opposed to geeks and engineers.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please introduce me to some of these types of books?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12163" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T15:09:21.330" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T15:09:21.330" Title="Books giving a high-level overview of software testing?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13184" CreationDate="2015-05-28T16:10:31.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So if you use eclipse to handle your testing they use JUnit by default. If you right click in the &quot;Package Explorer&quot; whitespace you have the option to &quot;Export&quot;. This pops a modal that allows you to grab whatever information you need and export it for viewing. Here is a link with some information, but with a few clicks I was able to export my test suite and its descriptions without any problems. Hope this answers your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agile.csc.ncsu.edu/SEMaterials/tutorials/import_export/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://agile.csc.ncsu.edu/SEMaterials/tutorials/import_export/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T16:10:31.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13228" CreationDate="2015-05-28T17:36:14.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of really good books out there for software testing, my favorite book that I have read so far would be &lt;strong&gt;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/strong&gt; by &lt;em&gt;Lisa Crispin, and Janet Gregory&lt;/em&gt; here is the amazon book link Click &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This book covers a lot of really great Agile testing methodologies and material, if you are unaware of &lt;strong&gt;Agile testing&lt;/strong&gt;; I really suggest that you look into it! The industry is really heavy into the idea of agile development and it is a valuable asset to a company to have people who know how to use it effectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is another link to a list of good software testing books: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fromdev.com/2012/04/8-best-software-testing-books-every-qa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fromdev.com/2012/04/8-best-software-testing-books-every-qa.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For programming books, that is a little more difficult. I would learn what your company is currently using, or technologies that you are interested in and go from there. Usually you need to have a language in mind so you can grab a beginners book an start from there. Personally I started with C# with the book &lt;strong&gt;C# Primer Plus&lt;/strong&gt; by &lt;em&gt;Klaus Michelsen&lt;/em&gt; here is the amazon book link Click &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0672321521&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You didn't specify whether or not the books should be free, so I just suggested what I have used personally. Take a look, and hopefully that answers your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-05-28T17:36:14.430" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12451" CreationDate="2015-05-29T02:00:33.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please use below xml file and from command prompt go to project location and run as &quot;ant generateReport&quot; (Should have ANT). Let me know if you have any questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;.xml file:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;project name=&quot;TestAutomation&quot; basedir=&quot;.&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;LIB&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/lib&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;BIN&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/bin&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;path id=&quot;master-classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pathelement location=&quot;${BIN}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${LIB}&quot; includes=&quot;*.jar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;generateReport&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${basedir}/testng-xslt&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/delete&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${basedir}/testng-xslt&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/mkdir&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;xslt in=&quot;${basedir}/test-output/testng-results.xml&quot; style=&quot;${basedir}/testng-results.xsl&quot; out=&quot;${basedir}/testng-xslt/index.html&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;param expression=&quot;${basedir}/testng-xslt/&quot; name=&quot;testNgXslt.outputDir&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;param expression=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;testNgXslt.sortTestCaseLinks&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;param expression=&quot;FAIL,SKIP,PASS,CONF,BY_CLASS&quot; name=&quot;testNgXslt.testDetailsFilter&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;param expression=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;testNgXslt.showRuntimeTotals&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;classpath refid=&quot;master-classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/classpath&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/xslt&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8159" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T02:00:33.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13232" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13234" CreationDate="2015-05-29T06:28:35.843" Score="0" ViewCount="3918" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anybody help me out? I have an app which displays a popup as soon as the app (url) is launched. The popup contains images, text, checkbox and button.&#xA;I can able to locate the checkbox and button using firebug but when I use the same in code to handle that, it get fails and throws an error as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;**//div[@class='modal-dialog']/div/div/button[@type='button']/span[text()]**&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried with ways as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alert-- but it is telling that not an alert&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frame-- &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(0)&lt;/code&gt; is passed but after that the same error as above described&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XPath-- no use same error as above.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: It is an ecommerce app.&#xA;Can anybody please help me out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2015-05-29T11:51:24.303" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T12:02:05.730" Title="Unable to switch to a popup" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13233" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-29T06:44:29.843" Score="0" ViewCount="1687" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario&lt;/strong&gt;:  In an application, I have collapsed button on expanding that, its submenu are listed and clicking on submenu open that particular page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting the following error when clicking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: d is undefined&#xA;    Command duration or timeout: 10.07 seconds&#xA;    Build info: version: '2.31.0', revision: '1bd294d', time: '2013-02-27 20:53:56'&#xA;    System info: os.name: 'Windows XP', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.1', java.version: '1.6.0_23'&#xA;    Session ID: 59cdfb73-3810-4de5-ae57-4410176c344d&#xA;    Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;    Capabilities [{platform=XP, acceptSslCerts=true, javascriptEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, rotatable=false, locationContextEnabled=true, version=17.0.1, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, databaseEnabled=true, handlesAlerts=true, browserConnectionEnabled=true, nativeEvents=true, webStorageEnabled=true, applicationCacheEnabled=true, takesScreenshot=true}]&#xA;     at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;     at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)&#xA;     at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)&#xA;     at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)&#xA;     at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:187)&#xA;     at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:145)&#xA;     at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:554)&#xA;     at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.execute(RemoteWebElement.java:268)&#xA;     at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.click(RemoteWebElement.java:79)&#xA;     at com.ptgi.dhpbx.core.BasePage.click(BasePage.java:79)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to click on the collapsed button but not able to click on sub-menu using any of ID, xpath or CSS locator. Using javascript I am able to click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Next step&lt;/strong&gt;: There are checkboxes on the page and throws the same error when running the script. While recording with IDE two lines are recorded for checking the checkbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;click  &amp;quot;//input[@id='input-5']&amp;quot;&#xA;click  //section[@id='main']/article/div[2]/div/div/div/ins&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DOM&lt;/strong&gt; is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;section id=&amp;quot;main&amp;quot; data-bind=&amp;quot;router: { transition:'entrance' }&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &amp;lt;article data-view=&amp;quot;views/voicemail/voicemailSettings&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; data-active-view=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;header&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p data-i18n=&amp;quot;pbx:voicemailSettings.subtitle&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Specify which calls are sent to voicemail, send voicemail recordings to your email, change your voicemail passcode and set voicemail greetings.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;emptyBlock20&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;header&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;contentContainer&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;form-element indentRight&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;icheckbox-radio&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;icheckbox_square-blue focus hover&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input id=&amp;quot;input-5&amp;quot; type=&amp;quot;checkbox&amp;quot; data-bind=&amp;quot;CustomCheckBox: {checked: allCallsToVm}, click: function() { busyCallsToVm(allCallsToVm()); noAnsCallsToVm(allCallsToVm()); } &amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;forwardCallRadio&amp;quot; tabindex=&amp;quot;5&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;position: absolute; top: -20%; left: -20%; display: block; width: 140%; height: 140%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; opacity: 0;&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;ins class=&amp;quot;iCheck-helper&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;position: absolute; top: -20%; left: -20%; display: block; width: 140%; height: 140%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; opacity: 0;&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;label class=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; data-i18n=&amp;quot;pbx:voicemailSettings.sendAllCallsToVM&amp;quot; for=&amp;quot;input-5&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Send all calls to voicemail&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Rakesh&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12170" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-25T11:01:30.040" LastActivityDate="2020-08-25T11:01:30.040" Title="Error when clicking element::: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: d is undefined" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13232" CreationDate="2015-05-29T06:50:16.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use the &lt;code&gt;driver.getWindowHandle()&lt;/code&gt;, this method returns only the handle for current window ( your main window). If another pop-up window opens, you will need to call  &lt;code&gt;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = driver.getWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt; to return a list of all available handles. And then you call &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(handles.get(handles.size() - 1))&lt;/code&gt;. This will switch to the last listed window handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11781" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-29T12:02:05.730" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T12:02:05.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13226" CreationDate="2015-05-29T09:57:18.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of answering to your individual questions, I will just answer the last sentence: Help you finding the solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For many Test management tools that integrate with Jira, the way of working will support you well ( you are satisfied with questions 3 to 14 ) What will be ( a bit ) different, is their approach to test management. ( Questions 1 and 2 ) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I suggest you to try out few tools that have the integration to Jira and see if you like them and if they are fit for your organization. Our company uses Meliora Testlab, you mentioned Zephyr and HP ALM supports integration as well. There are also many, many others. &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/app/jira/popular?category=Testing+%26+QA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/app/jira/popular?category=Testing+%26+QA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you might want to consider if you want to have one way or two-way integration with Jira. One way is simpler - you edit the issues always in Jira. Downside is that they might not support your testing quite as well ( how to pick test cases which found the defects for retesting, for example) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T09:57:18.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13236" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13404" CreationDate="2015-05-29T12:52:05.310" Score="0" ViewCount="850" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have run a test in TFS (using Visual Studio Online 90 day trial). I let the test fail and I can see that it failed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dt14R.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test result&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can also double click the test to see more details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jQsk1.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test details&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it doesn't seem possible to see all the individual steps and the comment which I entered when executing the test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bCo2F.png&quot; alt=&quot;Comment entered during test execution&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How can I access the comments for a failed test in TFS?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-02T06:39:23.377" LastActivityDate="2019-09-30T11:45:18.773" Title="How to see test result details (comments on test steps)" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13237" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-29T14:26:48.823" Score="2" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am in charge of developing a blackbox automated testing framework using C# and Selenium web driver and using this framework to automate our current manual regression suite.  The system under test is an ASP.NET web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each test may rely on a complex aggregate of data.  For example, to test the creation of an 'activity', a 'client' must be present with a 'service' against which the 'activity' is to be created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should data required for such a test be managed?  Should the test assume it to be present?  In this case, the test would simply create the activity. Or, should the test create the requisite data?  In this case, the test would create the client, create the service, then create the activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're thinking of the following potential solutions and are debating the merits of each:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;db is blank, test creates data needed, db is wiped after each test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-pro: test and data are together, tests can not affect each other&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-con: long run time, more complex tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;db is blank, fixture creates data needed for all tests, db is wiped after each fixture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-pro: test and data are close&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-con: tests within a fixture can effect each other&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;db is populated with requisite data, tests assume requisite data is present&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-pro: faster run time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-con: test and data are separate.  tests more likely to affect each other&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which, if any of these approaches is considered best practice?  If none of the above, what approach is considered best practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastEditorUserId="10717" LastEditDate="2015-05-29T20:03:32.153" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T20:52:28.750" Title="Should Automated Test rely on each other or be kept seperate?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13240" CreationDate="2015-05-29T14:51:55.320" Score="1" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;WebApplication has Calender Ajax Control twice on same page. I cannot use id's as ids get generated  by Ajax call dynamically . So identifying it using xpaths and classnames.  I can identify First calender controll uniquely but when I click on second , Ajax call generates similar div for second call , so those locators become invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody suggest how to tracel this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12050" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T06:57:37.513" Title="Webdriver Java : How to identify two identical Ajax Control using xpath" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13228" CreationDate="2015-05-29T15:04:59.367" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can have a look into &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.nl/books/about/Software_Testing.html?id=MTEiAQAAIAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;software testing by ron patton&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its good for new commers in testing field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12050" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-30T09:19:16.560" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T09:19:16.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13238" CreationDate="2015-05-29T15:41:42.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the elements are completely equal (in terms of nodes and attributes), one way to tell them apart is with the Xpath predicate &lt;code&gt;last()&lt;/code&gt; or simply call the n-th element with &lt;code&gt;[n]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you know the second calendar is added below the first, you can use either of the above, depending on your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/xpath_syntax.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/xpath_syntax.asp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T15:41:42.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13228" CreationDate="2015-05-29T18:35:33.343" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I highly recommend &quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&quot; by Bret Pettichord, Cem Kaner, and James Bach. In my opinion, this is the best book for an overview of software testing, without digging in too deeply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a review on my blog: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/12/book-lessons-learned-in-software.html&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/12/book-lessons-learned-in-software.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have finished this one, you can find some others here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Books&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Books&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend &quot;Perfect Software: And Other Illusions about Testing&quot; by Gerald M. Weinberg for your second read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will have read some of the classic books by some of the well-known experts in the field. Not a bad start...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2015-05-29T18:40:41.500" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T18:40:41.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13237" CreationDate="2015-05-29T19:44:39.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don´t know if I got your special case right but in general it is better to keep test cases seperate in sense of having as less dependencies as possible between them. Thus for example it is easier to execute each test case standalone if you wish or need to. If you have a lot of dependencies you will alway have to run a lot of stuff even if you just want to check one single test case. To minimize dependencies you need to define clear pre and post conditions for each test case. You could also consider defing pre/post conditions for different levels - e.g. test suite vs. test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides that I think there is a lot of other things to consider regarding test cases dependencies e.g. robustness and maintenance of test cases, reporting and so on. Imagine an automated reporting which creates a Jira task for each failed test case. If you have strong dependencies between test cases such an automated reporting could create a lot of mess in your Jira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. hehe .. you´ve edited your post while I wrote my answer. So I want to add - plz clarify What is the difference between your second and third point? And .. tests that affect each other --&gt; no good ;-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12176" LastActivityDate="2015-05-29T19:44:39.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13238" CreationDate="2015-05-30T06:57:37.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;As I read your question I have found this scenario while I am practicing automation.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class = 'abc' id='*dynamic*'&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div class = 'pqr'&amp;gt;date1&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class = 'abc' id='*dynamic*'&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div class = 'pqr'&amp;gt;date2&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Here you need to understand that you have all div as same structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-So you can use xpath only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Let`s try this this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-wrong Xpath :  &lt;code&gt;//div[@class='abc']/div[@class='pqr'][1]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-true Xpath : &lt;code&gt;(//div[@class='abc']/div[@class='pqr'])[1]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Here [1] is for first child with same place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-This xpath is find first class=abc and then found class=pqr then it returns list of two element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-This list can not be handled by wrong xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Wrong xpath gives two element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-For take first date picker :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; (//div[@class='abc']/div[@class='pqr'])[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-For take second date picker :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  (//div[@class='abc']/div[@class='pqr'])[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-This will sure your problem for sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2015-05-30T06:57:37.513" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13247" CreationDate="2015-05-30T15:43:04.557" Score="2" ViewCount="34981" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to click a button using webdriver. Firepath is able to find the button using the xpath I'm giving but selenium is throwing null pointer exception.&#xA;This page contains two buttons with same id and so, I tried traversing the hierarchy and found one button with a longer xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;section id=&quot;overview&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button id=&quot;sign-me-up&quot; class=&quot;next col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1&quot; ng-  click=&quot;onclick($event, 'owner')&quot;&amp;gt;Sign Up Now&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code looks like this:&#xA;I tried several things here. Three different ways to see whether the element is visible or clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(//section[@id='overview']/button)).click();&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(//section[@id='overview']/button[@id='sign-me-up'])).click();&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(signupButton)).isDisplayed();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For any of this above, selenium is throwing null pointer exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm missing something obvious here. Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full Stack Trace:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FAILED: OnboardAnIndividualProperty&#xA;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;    at com.ys.page.SMBSignupLandingPage.assertIndividualOwnerPage(SMBSignupLandingPage.java:31)&#xA;    at com.ys.tests.SMB.OnboardIndividualApplicationToApprovalState.OnboardAnIndividualProperty(OnboardIndividualApplicationToApprovalState.java:34)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:84)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:714)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:901)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1231)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:329)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:291)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:240)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1224)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1149)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1057)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:111)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:204)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:175)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even this throws the NullPointerException:&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(//section[@id='overview']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that mean I'm not passing the driver somewhere?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12183" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-30T21:05:20.390" LastActivityDate="2020-07-08T08:24:12.203" Title="Selenium not finding button and throwing null pointer exception" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13246" CreationDate="2015-05-31T14:55:37.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver API JavaDoc&lt;/a&gt;, if no matching elements are found then the &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; is thrown by &lt;code&gt;findElement()&lt;/code&gt; method, not &lt;code&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/code&gt;. So the root cause of your problem is not a wrong XPath expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, your stacktrace and your source code suggests this is a problem with &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; variable not initialized: you try to call &lt;code&gt;findElement()&lt;/code&gt; method on a &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt; object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to confirm that is to print the &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; value: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(&quot;driver=&quot; + driver); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;just before the exception is thrown, i.e., before line 31 of the &lt;code&gt;SMBSignupLandingPage&lt;/code&gt; class. Or simply run the application in debug mode, put breakpoint in same line and evaluate the value of the variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-05-31T15:08:18.550" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T15:08:18.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13248" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13249" CreationDate="2015-05-31T19:19:26.163" Score="6" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking into running tests in production that sign-up a paid user. From the sources I've seen (&lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/google-test-automation-conference/2014/presentations&quot;&gt;Google test automation conference&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/seliot/archive/2011/06/07/testing-in-production-tip-it-really-happens-and-that-s-a-good-thing.aspx&quot;&gt;Microsoft Blog&lt;/a&gt;) it looks like testing in production (after local, and staging testing of course) is a good practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason we would want to test paid signup, is to ensure the system is working end-to-end on production servers, and immediately detect any breakage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to boost our revenue numbers with these fake signups though. I can keep a database table of the test users, but I was wondering what is usually done to prevent this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or do most people rely on server health checks and log monitoring, rather than confirming the end-to-end process is working?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12185" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T16:35:17.970" Title="Testing Paid Signup in Production" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testability&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13248" CreationDate="2015-05-31T20:20:58.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You definitely want to smoke test on production. If there is an issue you want to know first. Automated tests should help there. Your payment system will probablly have a different account than your staging environment, so best to double check the whole process so you can sleep at night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the metrics, you need to have some mechanism to label the account as a test account so that it is not considered. For example, if the test account's email address matches your domain or some fake test domain then your report would exclude it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T20:20:58.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13237" CreationDate="2015-05-31T20:52:28.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked in each of these scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DB is cleared after each test.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pro: No artifacts left over so test are a little easier to write.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con: The DB restore can take the longest if you do something, then roll it back repeatedly. You also need to ensure the rollback is successful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DB is cleared after each test cycle.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pro: No artifacts left over so test are a little easier to write.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con: You also need to ensure the rollback is successful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tests check for existence of data and creates as necessary.&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pro: The test do not rely on the DB state.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Con: Takes more time to write tests. You also need to ensure the rollback is successful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 1 and 2 are easier to develop and will likely execute quicker than Option 3. However, the test created for 1 and 2 should not be ran on production (by changing your Base Address, for example). Option 3 takes a bit more work upfront and may take longer to run loops and create data, but that should be a moot point. Does it matter that your automated tests take 5 minutes instead or 3? Not really when you compare to doing anything manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-05-31T20:52:28.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13251" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-05-31T21:04:36.960" Score="1" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've made a web-application and want to know how many resources are used for different operations in browser. Could you tell me some software.&#xA;I want to know it for IE, Chrome and any others - Memory, CPU, graph in time for every browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12187" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-05-31T21:15:56.363" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T11:31:24.523" Title="Program to test resources used in browser sessions" Tags="&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13251" CreationDate="2015-06-01T00:41:09.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Windows comes with an app called &lt;a href=&quot;https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc749249.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows Performance Monitor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can set up monitors by process (each browser/tab will have it's own process). So long as the tab is open you can set it up to be monitored. You can track CPU usage, memory, all kinds of stuff. It also has charts to visualize your metrics over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T00:41:09.533" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13228" CreationDate="2015-06-01T00:47:07.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;The Art of Software Testing&quot; by Glenford Myers has been a staple for over 25 years. The middle chapters do go into details of testing but at a high level. It has also been updated for Agile and Mobile in the third edition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T00:47:07.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13251" CreationDate="2015-06-01T11:31:24.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As well as the windows performance monitor, all the browsers come with developer tools which include a fair amount of monitoring, especially of load times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you combine perfmon for CPU and memory use with the browser dev tools for load times, you should have everything you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T11:31:24.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13255" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-01T12:04:54.577" Score="0" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a SQA Engineer and would like to learn complete team foundation server as a tester. Please suggest me any book. Video tutorials will be appreciated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-01T12:15:36.270" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T10:48:01.937" Title="Learn Team Foundation Server 2010 or 2013 as a Tester" Tags="&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13255" CreationDate="2015-06-01T12:15:18.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pluralsight.com has &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pluralsight.com/search/?searchTerm=tfs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a lot of video tutorials for TFS&lt;/a&gt;, some are test specific like: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pluralsight.com/courses/microsoft-test-manager-2013&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.pluralsight.com/courses/microsoft-test-manager-2013&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pluralsight is not free, but the Monthly subscriptions start around 30$, which seems very reasonable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T12:15:18.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13248" CreationDate="2015-06-01T16:05:23.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have same situation in my project. As a tester we just navigates to payment page, and tries to submit with fake or no data and get valid validation error. In addition to that, we always test ‘Paid Signup in Production’ with real payment. I’m sure, your place someone has valid card to make payment and reimburse or submit credits based on the policy. Best thing is to use real data (payment) to ensure paid premium subscriptions works end to end in production in every major release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11544" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T16:05:23.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6601" CreationDate="2015-06-01T16:47:51.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Google Chrome browser and performing operations on the Facebook register page. So I want to select Birth Month from &lt;strong&gt;&quot;month&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; dropdown list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; SelectElement ss = new SelectElement(driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;month&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA; Console.WriteLine(ss.Options);&#xA; foreach(IWebElement  element in ss.Options)&#xA; {&#xA;      if(element.Text == &quot;Jun&quot;)&#xA;      {&#xA;           element.Click();&#xA;      }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12086" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-06-01T23:33:56.713" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T23:33:56.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9553" CreationDate="2015-06-01T16:56:46.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple example to count the number of opened windows is go to www.rediff.com&#xA;you will get atleat 2-opened windows.&#xA;1 - rediff.com Home Page.&#xA;2 - Ad window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below is the simple code to count the no of opened wind and get windowhandle code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(&quot;G:\\Selenium_Csharp\\Jar\\chromedriver_win32&quot;);&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.rediff.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        String originalWindowHandle = driver.CurrentWindowHandle;&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(&quot;original Window handles are: &quot; + originalWindowHandle);&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Title of original Page:&quot; + driver.Title);&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;        System.Collections.ObjectModel.ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; windowHandles = driver.WindowHandles;&#xA;&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Count the no. of opened windows: &quot;+windowHandles.Count);&#xA;        foreach (String window in windowHandles)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Console.WriteLine(window);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12086" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T16:56:46.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13261" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-01T17:11:23.280" Score="1" ViewCount="12216" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example of Handling PopUp in selenium webdriver using C#.Net&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TextFixture]&#xA;public class PopUp   &#xA;{&#xA;    IWebDriver driver = null;&#xA;    IWebElement element = null;&#xA;    [SetUp]&#xA;    public void setUP()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver(&quot;G:\\Selenium_Csharp\\Jar\\chromedriver_win32&quot;);&#xA;        IOptions options =  driver.Manage();&#xA;        options.Window.Maximize();&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;file:///G:/Selenium_Csharp/POPUP/alert.html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [Test]&#xA;    public void HandlingAlert()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//button[@onclick='alertFunction()']&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        IAlert alert = driver.SwitchTo().Alert();&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(alert.Text);&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;        //alert.Accept();&#xA;        alert.Dismiss();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [Test]&#xA;    public void HandlingPrompt()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;file:///G:/Selenium_Csharp/POPUP/prompt.html&quot;);&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//button[@onclick='promptFunction()']&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        IAlert alert = driver.SwitchTo().Alert();&#xA;        alert.SendKeys(&quot;Avinash&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;        alert.Accept();&#xA;        //element = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;promptdemo&quot;));&#xA;        //element.Text == &quot;Hello Avinash! Welcome to Selenium Easy..&quot;;&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;        wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists(By.Id(&quot;promptdemo&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;        element = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;promptdemo&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(&quot;Hello Avinash! Welcome to Selenium Easy..&quot;,element.Text);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [Test]&#xA;    public void HandlingConfirmation()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;file:///G:/Selenium_Csharp/POPUP/Confirmation.html&quot;);&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.XPath((&quot;//button[@onclick='confirmFunction()']&quot;))).Click();&#xA;        IAlert alert = driver.SwitchTo().Alert();&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(alert.Text);&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(2000);&#xA;        alert.Accept();&#xA;        driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TearDown]&#xA;    public void tearDown()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver = null;&#xA;        element = null;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12086" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T20:01:29.587" Title="Handling PopUp windows in selenium webdriver by using c#.net" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-10-31T16:56:20.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13261" CreationDate="2015-06-01T18:12:10.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ToolsQA also has a good write up, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/switch-commands/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. It is Java but the same concepts apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T18:12:10.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13255" CreationDate="2015-06-01T18:24:02.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/ff637362.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official documentation&lt;/a&gt;. It isn't specific to testers. For that read, &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/fda2bad5.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Application Lifecycle Management with Visual Studio Team Foundation Server&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the onset of learning anything new, I usually watch the most viewed video on YouTube for my term as a primer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T18:24:02.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13275" CreationDate="2015-06-01T21:46:07.387" Score="0" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am executing automated tests through Salesforce's Apex Test Execution, and was wondering if there was a way to connect these test results to work items in Microsoft Test Manager? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12200" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T12:18:49.213" Title="Is there a way to link Apex Test Results to MTM" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13144" CreationDate="2015-06-01T22:28:05.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aside from the required technical information described from the previous answers, be prepared to answer abstract questions that test the way you approach a problem. For example at a recent interview, I was asked what kind of test cases I would create for testing the quality of the chair I was sitting in. I was also asked to solve a riddle involving dice. The important thing about these questions was not if I got it right or not, but rather demonstrating the thought process of tackling a problem from multiple angles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12200" LastActivityDate="2015-06-01T22:28:05.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13228" CreationDate="2015-06-02T00:05:09.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So i'm looking for a book in this field which doesn't go into the&#xA;  details, but give me an insight about many things in this field.(Maybe&#xA;  a book for commercials or Managers and not for geeks and engineers.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend Gerald Weinberg's &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0932633692&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Perfect Software: And Other Illusions about Testing&lt;/a&gt; for a few reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It explains what we should expect from testing, what are the main challenges are, and what is wrong with common practices and attitudes from high level:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For example, Weinberg explains the impossibility of complete testing in an easy to understand manner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That fact it covers very basic concepts and misconceptions in a high level way is reason enough for managers (or anyone else who hasn't been a tester) to read it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is relatively easy to read (not very technical; not programmatic)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's only about 200 pages, so it's a relatively short read&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Perfect Software is too high-level than I'd recommend checking out Cem Kaner's &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0989811921&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Foundations of Software Testing Workbook&lt;/a&gt;. It's not as comprehensive as his older book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471358460&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing Computer Software&lt;/a&gt; but it's more relevant and up to date. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I see that Joe also mentioned this book but I'm attempting to explain why this book among all the other is probably the best choice. )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-06-02T00:10:40.893" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T00:10:40.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9170" CreationDate="2015-06-02T04:41:22.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Software Quality Assurance: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latent defects are the those which arises in the field, and unknown until they reported by the field staff.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More bugs during development phase, chances are more latent defects will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12204" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T04:41:22.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13269" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13277" CreationDate="2015-06-02T05:14:15.947" Score="0" ViewCount="1273" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on one of the php web site, the home page consists of a background image and on the top of the image there is a button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my problem is whenever I am doing automation for this web site, the home page was loading very slowly due to the image but it is not happening when I am opening the home page manually. Please let me know what the possible reasons are for the home page opening very slowly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-02T19:24:21.547" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T10:01:21.070" Title="Page was loading very slowly when compared to manual process" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13270" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-02T10:40:12.463" Score="0" ViewCount="9212" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a calendar object in the web page, not developed internally. It's a datetime picker. How do I read the selected value from it through selenium ide?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance guys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12206" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-02T14:38:26.700" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T19:53:08.733" Title="How to read date value from a calendar through selenium ide" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13270" CreationDate="2015-06-02T10:57:06.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Datapicker is a table. So navigate the each cell. If a particular cell matches value xx then select it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement dataWidget = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ui-datapicker-div&quot;));&#xA;List &amp;lt;webelement&amp;gt; rows=dataWidget.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;List &amp;lt;webelement&amp;gt; columns=dataWidget.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;td&quot;));&#xA;for (WebElement cell: columns){&#xA;  //Select xx. Date&#xA;  if(cell.getText().equals(&quot;15&quot;)){&#xA;    cell.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;15&quot;)).click();&#xA;    break;&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11781" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-02T11:52:51.060" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T11:52:51.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13272" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-02T11:20:45.247" Score="0" ViewCount="1217" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have knowledge of selenium and want to implement data driven framework.&#xA;So, I need basic knowledge for this at a starting level so that I can proceed in my organization&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastEditorUserId="8698" LastEditDate="2015-06-03T07:02:51.867" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T15:47:20.033" Title="Want to build data driven framework with selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-06-05T17:37:11.130" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13273" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-02T11:24:16.650" Score="4" ViewCount="2249" Body="&lt;p&gt;Had a question about what other folks do for regression testing. Let me lay out what we currently have and what I think it should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have smoke tests, which are just some minimum tests for build verification.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have functional tests for features, which can be used to verify individual features coming into sprints. This tests individual features and not from the system perspective.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have a QA kind of test suite which tests the product, with and without failures.  More customer like, if you will.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My confusion is, what should regression include?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create component suites, out of both the set of feature tests for (2) and (3). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Initial regression would pick component tests based on what was changed, and run it for both feature and QA suites.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once a week, run the full (2) and (3) suites, all components. Also use these suites for daily builds? Not sure what the difference is for you guys between whats tests run on daily jenkins build and QA automated regression testing when it comes to QA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you guys for such situations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11899" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-06-04T17:50:24.843" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T17:50:24.843" Title="Scope of regression testing" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13273" CreationDate="2015-06-02T12:00:19.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apologies in advance for a quick/simplistic answer - it's crunch time here!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current client have automated around 80% of regression testing, the rest is done manually with an offshore team, where the basic rule of thumb is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;If you change B, test A and C&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e., everything around the change - there's no point in your regression team (or the automated regression pack) repeating the functional tests you've already carried out as it doesn't add value and is just duplicating work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It already sounds like you're on the right track - though i'm a little confused about point b. Personally, I'd run the entire regression suite for each release (unless it takes too long to run) because the objective is to detect regression issues, not unit testing issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that makes sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T12:00:19.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13264" CreationDate="2015-06-02T12:18:49.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There doesn't appear to be a prebuilt connection tool, so you'd need to work with the Salesforce and Team Foundation Server APIs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be done, but it will take some programming. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T12:18:49.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13273" CreationDate="2015-06-02T12:24:00.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes time to complete a roll out we do the following. Its important to note this phase is ran on a previous version test template with no previous data. We are also in the process of pulling a portion of our regression suite to automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shallow exploratory. Test basic navigation and control functionality per page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deep Exploratory. Similar to shallow but with more logic behind but not specific. This includes search results, display issues, Sorting, Etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once the bugs from this section have been resolved we move on to the actual regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We currently have a google doc with each area of the system. Each area is marked with a priority to designate how much of a fine tooth comb we should be looking. First we verify the pass test to see if everything is working as intended. Then try to break anything we can on the page spending more time on high priority items. For us this would constitute the billing section of our program.&#xA;-Once the focus section regression is completed we move on to our regression suite use cases that are stored on Test Lodge. They are basically specific use cases with step by step description and preconditions that simulate actual standard use cases and at times encompass multiple parts of the system. These are very beneficial as it will help cover standard cases that will be uncovered either in Beta or release which is always helpful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T12:24:00.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13269" CreationDate="2015-06-02T12:32:00.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your issue appears to be in the cache based on the comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When an automation suite kicks off it will typically clear all of the cache and treat it like the very first time that browser has ever been run. This will cause any scripts or images that are large and have longer loading times to be re-downloaded/processed/whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is really good for automation because it leads to clean, fresh runs that don't have stored data that corrupt the run. The problem though is that it will slow down the application drastically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are ways to disable this piece within most automation tools, though I would personally recommend against doing this unless you specifically wanted the test(s) to contain cached data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, I would recommend reaching out to the parties responsible for this and see if the uncached load times are acceptable. If not, file a defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-03T10:01:21.070" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T10:01:21.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13270" CreationDate="2015-06-02T12:33:20.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure what time picker you are using but at my work this was a real pain. We use the Telerik Rad Date Picker which is common from my understanding. If there is no textbox associated with it to grab an ID and Text i would recommend encapsulating a method to run javascript and return a value. Each DatePicker should come with an API with different commands to set and retrieve the current selected date like so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/help/aspnet-ajax/calendar-client-side-basics.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/help/aspnet-ajax/calendar-client-side-basics.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void setDate(String date)&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        String script = string.Format(&quot;$find('{0}').set_selectedDate(new Date('{1}'))&quot;, Id, date);&#xA;        util.runScript(driver, script);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just an example of how i set the date but should be really beneficial by just plugging in the command to get the date as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T12:33:20.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13272" CreationDate="2015-06-02T13:12:19.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't start with designing framework: &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_aren%27t_gonna_need_it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt; principle &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?YouArentGonnaNeedIt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;applies&lt;/a&gt;. Start coding. Implement tests, refactor common parts - and framework will emerge. Difference is, this framework will have only features you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By definition, if you have to ask how to design a testing framework (don't already have skills to do it right), you should not try to foresee what you may need - because you cannot do it right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Become a skilled programmer, and after trying for a while, you will see what works for your situation. Also, read code of other more skilled coders. Join some relevant open source projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-06-02T13:17:24.387" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T13:17:24.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13280" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-02T13:37:46.237" Score="7" ViewCount="2122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every now and then I see a question coming by asking how to implement a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dorothygraham.co.uk/patterns/desPatterns/dataDriven.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;data driven&lt;/a&gt; test framework in combination with a automated testing framework like Selenium. This gives me the feeling this is used or requested a lot in the industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess I have never build any &quot;real&quot; data driven test suits, unless you count build some arrays which I feed into function data driven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My biggest worry is separating the test data from the actual automated test in separate files. Which does not help the readability of tests. Also it feels harder to maintain in a version control system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Am I missing out on something, or are data driven patterns overrated?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the Pro's and Con's from building data driven tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real-life examples would be greatly appreciated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-06-24T11:40:08.997" LastActivityDate="2019-07-30T08:08:30.740" Title="Data driven testing patterns - Pros and Cons and good examples?" Tags="&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13281" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13288" CreationDate="2015-06-02T13:38:36.007" Score="1" ViewCount="933" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some sources, e.g. ISTQB, claim that security testig is a functional one. This would be compliant with ISO 9126 (which the ISTQB is based on) but it goes against most other sources - as far as I know, security is a non functional requirement. In ISO 25010, security is one of the quality characteristics (non functional).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe security testing is non functional testing as we do not test functionality, we examine the system from this perspective the same way we test performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T17:47:46.137" Title="Security testing - functional or non-functioal, ISO 9126 vs ISO 25010" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13282" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13289" CreationDate="2015-06-02T13:50:55.977" Score="3" ViewCount="5906" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working a full-time job in QA that does not utilize Selenium. However, I am interested in learning about how to use it and wanted to know what steps I should take to gain knowledge of Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12200" LastActivityDate="2020-12-24T15:51:39.057" Title="What are the steps I should take to learn Selenium on the side?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13280" CreationDate="2015-06-02T14:00:49.203" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Data driven tests work well when you have a lot of test cases that can be expressed as points in a parameter space.  Some advantages of data-driven approach are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases are easier to add or remove than when they are expressed as code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You duplicate less test code and consequently are less susceptible to code/paste errors in your test code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Someone other than a developer may be able to write the test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some potential disadvantages are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Often times, your test cases cannot be modeled easily as points in a parameter space.  Once your model becomes too complicated, the notation for expressing the test case is just as complicated as a programming language.  At that point, you are better off sticking with the programming language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introducing a new test parameter may require editing lots of test cases.  You can make trade-offs between the verbosity of your data format and its malleability, e.g. a CSV representation may be less flexible than a JSON format because the latter could allow for default values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the data is stored in a separate file, you are susceptible to the same kinds of complaints made about any external configuration file (e.g. Spring XML files, translation files, or log4j configuration files), i.e. it's a little harder to view the data and the code at the same time.  I think this issue is manageable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used a data-driven approach to test a workflow, where each test case was a sequence of (action, expected state, expected values).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also used data driven-testing for a &lt;em&gt;comparator test&lt;/em&gt;, where I compare the behavior of two different versions of a service using a set of  requests.  For each request, I send the request to both versions of the service and then compare the responses.  If the responses differ, I may have found a bug.  This is different from a functional test but can still be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T14:00:49.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13280" CreationDate="2015-06-02T14:05:31.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not claim to be expert, just try to do due diligence research before diving in, and use best practices, so... :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO start by trying to implement a pattern is wrong approach (trying to force pattern into solution). I start with &quot;exploratory coding&quot; and try to get the feeling what would be best approach (maybe after I have few years of experience with Selenium, I would develop better feel what works where). In few test I was able to field, data driven test was appropriate solution for few of them, and for most it was not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One good example of a data driven test was test ( &lt;strong&gt;Example 1&lt;/strong&gt;) which replays data entered by user to plan complex multi-page activity in real production. We capture all form data (widget ID and value) entered, move them to our test copy of production environment, and replay the data. Users have a lot of different customization, and we do not have good way to guess what combination makes best sense, so capturing user's input and replaying it makes a lot of sense (instead of just running exactly same combination of test inputs repeatedly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another ( &lt;strong&gt;example 2&lt;/strong&gt; ) was calculating complex price of a multi-leg trip. Problem was again to generate trip with meaningful data. We did not need ALL the complexity from example 1 above, so we captured &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; of the complexity, and designed data structure which allowed test designed to enter such trip in a concise manner (arrival of one leg is departure of next, using same vehicle and crew, departure time approximated from travel time for previous leg and some padding, etc). It helped to prepare consistent test data for trip evaluation (again using real customer's trips).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T14:05:31.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13282" CreationDate="2015-06-02T14:06:48.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way to get started with selenium without having a business objective is to look for a website that you use often and ask yourself if there is a way you can automate what you do on that site that can help you on a daily basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have a goal download the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE plugin for firefox&lt;/a&gt;. Record the actions you want to automate. Then you will be able to export the recording to a variety of programming languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you will have an example tailored to your needs that you can expand on and use as a reference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12208" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T14:06:48.067" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13286" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-02T15:11:04.633" Score="0" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to create a test case, for this code, in .NET:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static string GetCaseClient(Case cCase)&#xA;{&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            string cClient = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;            if (cCase.CaseParties != null &amp;amp;&amp;amp; cCase.CaseParties.Count &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;            {&#xA;                var caseParty = cCase.CaseParties.FirstOrDefault(x =&amp;gt; x.AttorneyEFMId == cCase.FilingAttorneyEFMId);&#xA;                if (caseParty != null)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    cClient = caseParty.PartyRole == CasePartyRole.Person ? string.Format(&quot;{0} {1} {2}&quot;, caseParty.FirstName, caseParty.MiddleName, caseParty.LastName) : caseParty.Name;&#xA;                }&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                    var casePartySelf = cCase.CaseParties.FirstOrDefault(x =&amp;gt; x.AttorneyEFMId == &quot;Self&quot;);&#xA;                    if (casePartySelf != null)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        cClient = casePartySelf.PartyRole == CasePartyRole.Person ? string.Format(&quot;{0} {1} {2}&quot;, casePartySelf.FirstName, casePartySelf.MiddleName, casePartySelf.LastName) : casePartySelf.Name;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            return cClient;&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return string.Empty;&#xA;        }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12209" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-03T12:42:15.690" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T12:42:15.690" Title="How to write test cases for .NET" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;.net&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-06-05T17:37:35.523" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13280" CreationDate="2015-06-02T15:16:03.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One example: Data driven testing is useful for performance or load testing. This is where many (often hundreds or more) simulated users run a small number (often less than ten) test cases against a server. Commonly these tests cases are data driven with user-name and password, so each simulated user logs in as a different user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T15:16:03.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13281" CreationDate="2015-06-02T17:47:46.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;ISO 25010 is an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=22749&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;updated revision&lt;/a&gt; of ISO 9126. Security is considered &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-functional_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;non-functional&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T17:47:46.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13282" CreationDate="2015-06-02T18:04:59.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So for me C# was my language of choice, unlike Brandon Garlock suggests I am going to suggest that you don't use selenium IDE(because you know some code). If you know code, even remotely know code I would recommend writing your own scripts; mainly because of the control and reliability you can have, while building your own tests from the ground up. I started with the following youtube video &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/uRJL0zu7U6k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Got selenium up and running in visual studio, and then just began playing around with its functionality. Hopefully this helps you in your search.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T18:04:59.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13273" CreationDate="2015-06-02T18:19:07.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I asked a similar question awhile back. Perhaps the answers located here may also be of assistance as you evaluate what would be the best fit for your organization. Based on the feedback I received from stackexchange, I modified our process to a mini-regression suite at every release. It tests only the showstopper level features. If I don't find bugs, I can finish it in around 4 hours testing simultaneously on 2 different platforms (OS level and internet), including our mobile app and device communications such as time clocks. I am the only tester; there is no automation for our mini-regression suite. If I find bugs, naturally it takes longer to finish the mini-regression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the link. Let me know if you have any questions.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/541/internal-acceptance-test-not-automated-how-long-should-it-take&quot;&gt;Internal Acceptance Test (not automated): How long should it take?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T18:19:07.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13282" CreationDate="2015-06-02T18:56:06.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Video that DEnumber50 posted is what i used to get everything ready to play around with C# VS and was very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would look up BAT(Black Box Automated Testing) Architecture with selenium. Then take a look at the website you wish to test and write down a list of test. It is important to keep your test separate from the Architecture you will be using in your test. It is my opinion that test driven design is the best way to approach the subject so just let the test drive what you need. So for each test write the classes and methods to facilitate the test. There should be no actual code within your test and similarly no NUnit(Program i use to run the test) assertions in the architecture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some links that i found helpful along the way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cB1DX1LRMEE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cB1DX1LRMEE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/resources/selenium-testing-framework-part-3-putting-it-all-together&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/resources/selenium-testing-framework-part-3-putting-it-all-together&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageFactory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageFactory&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://simpleprogrammer.com/2013/09/28/creating-automated-testing-framework-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://simpleprogrammer.com/2013/09/28/creating-automated-testing-framework-selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ueuLVZTDkk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ueuLVZTDkk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.fogcreek.com/the-abuse-and-misuse-of-test-automation-interview-with-alan-page/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.fogcreek.com/the-abuse-and-misuse-of-test-automation-interview-with-alan-page/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://simpleprogrammer.com/?s=framework&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://simpleprogrammer.com/?s=framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://james-prescott.com/2014/02/01/tutorial-setting-up-selenium-webdriver-visual-studio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://james-prescott.com/2014/02/01/tutorial-setting-up-selenium-webdriver-visual-studio/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://anoopjshetty.wordpress.com/2014/05/20/test-automation-framework-in-page-object-pattern-using-c-selenium-specflow-and-nunit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://anoopjshetty.wordpress.com/2014/05/20/test-automation-framework-in-page-object-pattern-using-c-selenium-specflow-and-nunit/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a big fan of simple programmer he had a two hour talk explaining page modeling and automating test responsibly it is in his blog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T18:56:06.727" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13282" CreationDate="2015-06-02T20:19:20.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for all the responses, they have provided great resources. For others interested, I also stumbled upon this website that seems helpful: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://university.utest.com/automation-tools-selenium-the-basics/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://university.utest.com/automation-tools-selenium-the-basics/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12200" LastActivityDate="2015-06-02T20:19:20.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13293" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-03T07:00:58.650" Score="2" ViewCount="380" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote a junit 4 test case. The test is using selenium web driver. It works fine when running from eclipse. I then copied the exported jar file to jmeter lib/junit folder. The class name and test name is populating when I am selecting &lt;strong&gt;Search for Junit 4 annotations&lt;/strong&gt; checkbox. You can find this from screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/W1peU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as soon as I start load test by clicking the green play button, the &lt;strong&gt;Search for Junit 4 annotations&lt;/strong&gt; checkbox gets cleared and thereby no class and test name is passed to the load test. Please guide me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12217" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T11:12:41.143" Title="Junit 4 checkbox in jmeter getting cleared when running test" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2015-06-03T08:54:13.433" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some great answers already, so just to add a little one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a team with any amount of testers greater than one, develop a style guide for bug reporting and stick to it. This will reduce by at least 50% the chance of a coder trying to strangle one of your teammates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10480" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T08:54:13.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13295" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13307" CreationDate="2015-06-03T09:18:49.380" Score="1" ViewCount="781" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked in incident management and code analysis, as well as testing (manual, functional, and regression).&#xA;I have a new offer as a QA consultant.&#xA;Automation testing, understanding requirements ,manual testing etc....&#xA;The way of working is scrum agile.&#xA;Can I work in this scenario with the above background?&#xA;Is it easy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-03T13:55:49.403" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T23:23:45.683" Title="Roles and responsibility as Quality Assurance Consultant" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-06-05T17:35:30.627" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13255" CreationDate="2015-06-03T10:48:01.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also read this blog: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.microsoft.co.il/shair/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.microsoft.co.il/shair/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has been very beneficial for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T10:48:01.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13286" CreationDate="2015-06-03T12:30:06.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would read up on howto create .Net unit-tests: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/get-started/code/create-and-run-unit-tests-vs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/get-started/code/create-and-run-unit-tests-vs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afterwards try to create unit-tests for each possible inputs and verify expected outputs. Try to cover each if and its possible states/branches. Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd537628.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;code coverage tools&lt;/a&gt; to check you are hitting the full function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T12:30:06.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13299" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-03T12:54:33.620" Score="1" ViewCount="4304" Body="&lt;p&gt;In LoadRunner 11.03, after the scenario has finished running (and also while the scenario is running), under 'Available Graphs' &amp;rarr; 'Transaction Graphs', there is a graph called 'Trans Response Time':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mtIf7.png&quot; alt=&quot;Loading image..&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mtIf7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maximize image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'Trans Response Time' Graph should show a graph consisting of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; points whereby &lt;code&gt;y = the duration of last recorded transaction&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;x = the timestamp of last recorded transaction&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's take the red line for example. Per the numbers below the chart, the maximum recorded duration (&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; axis) is 54 seconds. &lt;strong&gt;However the graph does not show this.&lt;/strong&gt; Looking at the graph, we see no points with &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; axis = &lt;code&gt;54&lt;/code&gt; seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2lHCY.png&quot; alt=&quot;Loading image..&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2lHCY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maximize image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for the other 3 lines on the chart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, when I load the scenario results in LR Analysis. LR Analysis has a section which shows the 'Average Transaction Response Time' graph. This graph consists of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; points whereby &lt;code&gt;y = the average duration of the last recorded transaction and all transactions before it&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;x = the timestamp of last recorded transaction&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gD1Og.png&quot; alt=&quot;Loading image..&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gD1Og.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;maximize image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As can be seen, the &lt;strong&gt;shape&lt;/strong&gt; of the two graphs are identical. This proves that it's highly likely they are indeed identical, and that the Controller is showing the 'Average Transaction Response Time' graph instead of the 'Transaction Response Time' graph it so claims.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a bug with LoadRunner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we show the  &quot;transaction response time&quot; graph (&lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; the &quot;average transaction response time&quot; graph) in LoadRunner Controller?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11978" LastEditorUserId="11978" LastEditDate="2015-06-19T19:22:18.460" LastActivityDate="2015-09-26T12:13:54.787" Title="How to show &quot;transaction response time&quot; graph in LoadRunner Controller?" Tags="&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13295" CreationDate="2015-06-03T13:30:56.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have plenty of background.  You need to focus more on what you'll be actually doing - many engineering roles in software require you to have a foundational param (with specific reqs..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've never worked in Agile (Scrumming is just a part of agile BTW) then start getting familiar with it - it's really not that bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, I would personally just get an idea of how they do their tracking/UAT/Etc and go from there.  What are you worried about exactly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12222" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T13:30:56.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13301" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13302" CreationDate="2015-06-03T14:00:17.833" Score="6" ViewCount="2125" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private IWebDriver driver;&#xA;private ChildSearchPage currentChild;&#xA;private IWebElement divMeetingsTab { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;Content_InfantTab1_divMeetings&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement btnNewMeeting { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;Content_btnNewMeeting&quot;)); } }&#xA;private DatePicker datePicker { get { return new DatePicker(driver, MeetingDateId); } }&#xA;private TimePicker timePicker { get { return new TimePicker(driver, TimePickerId); } }&#xA;private IWebElement lblMessage { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;LblMessage&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement btnMeetingSearch { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;Content_btnSearch&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement btnEditMeeting { get { return driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;/html/body/form/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[10]/a/img&quot;)); } }&#xA;private Utilities util;&#xA;private IWebElement btnCreate { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;BtnCreateUpdate&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement btnAddProvider { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;DgTherapists_ctl01_cmdInsert&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement txtProviderSearchFirstName { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;TxtFirstName&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement txtProviderSearchLastName { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;TxtLastName&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement btnProviderSearch { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;BtnSearch&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement lnkProviderSearchSelect { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;dgProvider_ctl02_HypSelectProvider&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement lblProviderName { get { return driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;DgTherapists_ctl02_Label1&quot;)); } }&#xA;private IWebElement lblTherapistsName { get { return driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;html body form#Form1 table.TableContent tbody tr td table#Content_dgPatientMeetingList.Grid tbody tr.GridItemStyle td&quot;)); } }&#xA;private const String MeetingDateId = &quot;dtcMeetingDate_datePicker&quot;;&#xA;private const String TimePickerId = &quot;dtcMeetingDate_timePicker&quot;;&#xA;private const String IFrame = &quot;iframDialog&quot;;&#xA;private const String InnerHtml = &quot;innerHTML&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;public String getProviderNameResults(String FirstName, String LastName, String ProviderFirstName, String ProviderLastName)&#xA;{&#xA;    util.WaitForPageLoad(driver, 5);&#xA;    currentChild.childSearch(FirstName, LastName);&#xA;    util.WaitForPageLoad(driver, 5);&#xA;    divMeetingsTab.Click();&#xA;    util.WaitForPageLoad(driver, 5);&#xA;&#xA;    txtProviderSearchFirstName.SendKeys(ProviderFirstName);&#xA;    txtProviderSearchLastName.SendKeys(ProviderLastName);&#xA;    btnProviderSearch.Click();&#xA;    util.WaitForPageLoad(driver, 5);&#xA;&#xA;    return lblTherapistsName.Text;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is in C#. The properties used are read only properties that I just use driver find element commands to retrieve. My question is why is it that I can't 100% depend on a test to pass because it can't find an element. I am even waiting either 5 seconds or until an element is found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My hope is that I can trust automated testing with selenium to work efficiently. Any advice would be appreciated. This happens with all of my methods but figured I would use this as an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-03T15:47:45.203" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T05:48:51.840" Title="Why does selenium fail every so often when running more complex tests because it can't find an element on the page?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13301" CreationDate="2015-06-03T14:25:22.163" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WaitForPageLoad()&lt;/code&gt; continue's after all the data for the page has been retrieved and I think when the browser &lt;code&gt;OnLoad()&lt;/code&gt; function is called. Its possible the browser is still executing JavaScript or processing CSS. Meaning your elements might not be visible on the page just yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of waiting for the page to load you should use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an explicit wait&lt;/a&gt; to wait for the element you want to interact with to be visible. This StackExchange answer shows a C# example of the webdriver wait function: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/7312740/1088584&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/7312740/1088584&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might only need to wait for the first element of the page to be visible. The other elements prolly will be there and ready. Unless an action changes the view with JavaScript or loads another page. So you could try to limit the usage of the waits until you really need them, but to prevent &lt;a href=&quot;http://sk176h.blogspot.de/2013/05/flickering-scenario.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flickering tests&lt;/a&gt; its better just to always wait for the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T14:43:09.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13295" CreationDate="2015-06-03T16:32:19.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have a very good background to apply, depending of the company maybe you have to learn something more than you know but just like everything in this life, nobody's born knowing everything. As Nike says Just do it! &#xA;Finally want to share a very interesting article about QA role in agile teams &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/qa-role-what-it-really&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/qa-role-what-it-really&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12226" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T16:32:19.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13305" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13308" CreationDate="2015-06-03T17:59:28.630" Score="2" ViewCount="9854" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hello I am currently trying to figure out how to get the count of how many rows are displaying in an HTML Grid on a page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From researching several stack exchanges some people reference GetXPathCount but my compiler does not recognize this command nor can i find search results for a name space to make it work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferably i would like to use something using By.Id or By.CssSelector. Could anyone assist me in a solution? Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2019-01-21T17:15:33.277" Title="How to get a grid row count with Selenium in C#?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13295" CreationDate="2015-06-03T18:58:21.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You seem to be focused on the technical aspects of doing software QA. I would say your background is good for doing test automation and finding bugs that are results of technical obstacles. However, it takes a strong will to put up with the amount of animosity you may have to control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find troubling is that no one is bringing up the intense social requirements in being in Software QA. You need to be able to be understand the customer to make sure the requirements are in the customer's best interests. You need to be the customer's advocate. This could mean defending costly features. Worse of all you may be fighting a losing battle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will spend every day worrying about the worse case scenario. While the developers on the team are building up to some grand masterpiece you need to be the one who brings them down to earth. You may very well find a bug that sends the whole thing crumbling to the ground.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may be viewed as overhead. Someone who is not actually producing anything. The developers are the golden children who will take us to the promise land. Software QA doesn't actually produce anything. Plus our developers have started doing TDD so there won't be any bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if this isn't bad enough you are going to be a consultant. This doubles the pressure being placed on you. Now you will be an outsider telling people that their baby is ugly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am taking the worse case scenarios. The problem is that there is a large amount of people in the industry who's view of Software QA is either negative or Archaic. You may very well be lucky to have an enlightened client who sees how valuable you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said incident management and code analysis are similar professions from a social standpoint. I would say if you are happy and confident in you career so far, than the Software QA is probably not a huge jump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12208" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T18:58:21.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13305" CreationDate="2015-06-03T19:21:48.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The code that was entered by Brandon Garlock won't work for C# which you included in your tags, here is the C# version to help with the row count:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;//table[@id='yourIDhere']//tr&quot;)).Count;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware that if you have a grid header row, you will want to filter that out so it doesn't throw off your count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2019-01-21T17:15:33.277" LastActivityDate="2019-01-21T17:15:33.277" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13309" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13310" CreationDate="2015-06-03T21:07:01.440" Score="0" ViewCount="1520" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an element onscreen that I am attempting to click, my test runner is telling me that SyntaxError: The expression is not a legal expression. I am trying to access an ' i ' tag on a button. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my call  to the driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//i[contains(@class, 'icon-magnifier']&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my HTML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button type=&quot;submit&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;i class=&quot;icon-magnifier&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use the cssselector as my reference but when cut and paste from firebug it is ridiculously lengthy. Let me know what you would suggest to access this element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T06:48:22.803" Title="Cannot find element with &lt;i&gt; tag in selenium C#" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13309" CreationDate="2015-06-03T21:59:37.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are missing a &lt;code&gt;)&lt;/code&gt; in there: &quot;&lt;code&gt;//i[contains(@class, 'icon-magnifier')]&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the cssselector would look like: &lt;code&gt;By.cssSelector(&quot;.icon-magnifier&quot;&lt;/code&gt;) unless you have multiple icon-magnifier's it should find this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="27720" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T06:48:22.803" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T06:48:22.803" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11795" CreationDate="2015-06-03T23:20:34.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that is a really old thread but just in case somebody comes here from a recent search maybe it's useful these slides about Agile Testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.slideshare.net/abagmar/what-is-agile-testing-how-does-automation-help&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://es.slideshare.net/abagmar/what-is-agile-testing-how-does-automation-help&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12226" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T23:20:34.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13295" CreationDate="2015-06-03T23:23:45.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can I work in this scenario with the above background?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, &lt;strong&gt;anything is possible&lt;/strong&gt;. It's really hard to give advice without knowing more about you and your background. Describing your background in a short post on a forum like this isn't easy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming the company who extended you the offer, knows about your current background and wants to hire you and you feel like you can adapt to the new situation then &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt; you'll probably be fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it easy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nothing is easy&lt;/strong&gt;. Some things may appear to be easy but if you look deep enough and long enough you'll begin to see complexity with most aspects of software. Testing is the same. As long as you are &lt;em&gt;willing to learn and hungry enough to explore&lt;/em&gt; and search for ways to get better then you'll probably be ok. If you've never built automation before but you are willing to try and you put in lots of effort you will probably be successful over the long run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will be lots to learn. Learn about Software Testing, learn about your customers, learn about what it's like to work in an agile environment with scrum and learn as much as you can about anything you think you need to do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-06-03T23:23:45.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13314" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-04T05:37:31.607" Score="1" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a link which is having the &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; attribute as &lt;code&gt;javascript:void(0)&lt;/code&gt;, but it is having the &lt;code&gt;onclick&lt;/code&gt; function. In the &lt;code&gt;onclick&lt;/code&gt; function &lt;code&gt;dev&lt;/code&gt; is use to log the number of hits to be database through ajax calls and based on the ajax response they are redirecting to another URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that when I try to click on the above said link, it is not redirecting to any other URL and also not trapping any errors for click function. So I hope &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; method executed successfully, but the page was not redirected to another URL. It is stopping me going further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help or suggestions on this is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0);&quot; onclick=&quot;get_insert_update_click('http://www.samplewebsite.com/1250290CR','Showcase','1250290CR','CARS_PAGE','CAR_IN_FEATURED_CARS');&quot; id=&quot;listing_image_290&quot; name=&quot;listing_image_290&quot; class=&quot;font_size_15&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img width=&quot;155&quot; height=&quot;103&quot; src=&quot;http://samplewebsite.com/public/uploads/processed/155x103-1409227190127_main_l.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample Script  to click on link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,800)&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;listing_image_290&quot;)));&#xA;try {&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;listing_image_290&quot;)).click();                                &#xA;} catch(Exception e){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;error&quot;);  &#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2015-06-05T11:12:45.093" LastActivityDate="2018-08-17T16:06:54.553" Title="click() method is not working" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13301" CreationDate="2015-06-04T05:48:51.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One neat thing you could try is to implement your own wait condition, I don't know the C# bindings, I use it with Java.  But maybe you can adapt this to your needs if you think it could help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt; readyStateComplete(final WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    return new ExpectedCondition() {&#xA;        public Object apply(Object o) {&#xA;            JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;&#xA;            return js.executeScript(&quot;document.readyState&quot;).equals(&quot;complete&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public String toString() {&#xA;            return &quot;Waiting for the document to reach 'complete' status&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;    };&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a property in the page document that you can access with javascript called readyState.  This readyState property has one of 5 statuses as described here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_doc_readystate.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_doc_readystate.asp&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;And you can invoke the above function like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30); // Timeout in seconds&#xA;wait.until(readyStateComplete(driver));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The wait.until() method will only return after the ExpectedCondition you pass it returns true.  In this case the executed javascript will only return &quot;complete&quot; when the page has completely loaded, meaning, all synchronous and asynchronous javascript will have been completed.  For something a bit faster, you can instead use the value &quot;interactive&quot; which is triggered when the DOM is done changing.  But not necessarily after javascript has finished executing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Depending on if you use something like jquery, the javascript string could be different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T05:48:51.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13314" CreationDate="2015-06-04T07:32:05.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I dont see &quot;title_link_1013&quot; in your HTML code, how should it find your &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; ? Maybe use the ID instead? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;listing_image_290&quot;)).click(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T07:32:05.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13293" CreationDate="2015-06-04T08:00:27.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps something is wrong with your setup, for instance you didn't copy Selenium libraries to JMeter's classpath (/lib folder of your JMeter installation). JMeter does not &quot;discard&quot; JUnit4 checkbox, moreover if you save your file and reopen it - it will persist. So check &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file for any warnings and errors and resolve them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, there is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; plugin which provides Selenium integration via custom sampler so you won't need to recompile/replace the jar if you need to update something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T08:00:27.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13318" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-04T09:00:45.630" Score="2" ViewCount="545" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are looking for certifications / awards / recognition that are awarded to the whole testing team or the company. I am &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; looking for individual certifications like ISTQB, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The purpose of these certifications would be to show that the QA / QC team, in our company, is recognized by &lt;code&gt;xyz&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was looking at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingawards.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;softwaretestingawards.com&lt;/a&gt; and it seemed to be something that we are looking for, but unfortunately it is only for companies doing business in Europe, while we are limited to UAE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pointers would help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5987" LastEditorUserId="7340" LastEditDate="2015-06-04T20:54:07.830" LastActivityDate="2019-10-25T05:36:03.253" Title="Software testing awards/certification/recognition at Team/Company Level" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;certification&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13318" CreationDate="2015-06-04T12:34:05.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure where you are based out of, but you could look into the ISO90001 in Europe. It is a quality management certification that applies to companies: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iso9001.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.iso9001.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12200" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T12:34:05.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13322" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-04T13:50:08.107" Score="1" ViewCount="7942" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to using applications to test backend APIs. I've always just manually tested using the front-end applications. What I would like to do is to use an app that is designed specifically for backend API testing. So far, I've been directed to SoapUI, Postman, and Runscope. But I'm at a loss as I am more of a test analyst than I am a programmer, despite having experience automated testing in Selenium with JavaScript, Python and Ruby. Any suggestions? Thoughts? Warnings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11348" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2015-06-04T13:54:53.863" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T15:29:07.187" Title="API Testing Using SoapUI vs Postman vs Runscope" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-06-05T17:38:59.277" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13322" CreationDate="2015-06-04T14:40:23.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For simple user-friendly tool to test REST API, POSTMan is a great tool. It is easy to use. And, best for smoke testing. You can create request quickly. However, since you have some experience in automated testing. I would recommend to have automated test using JUnit. Basically, you need three thing to create automated test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create Http Client.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected response data object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Junit test &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11544" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T14:40:23.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13322" CreationDate="2015-06-04T15:29:07.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.runscope.com/radar/xj5jdktq7m0r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Runscope&lt;/a&gt; provides a Web UI for creating tests. There is no code to write for standard assertions.  You can write more complex assertions using Javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a cloud based service, which allows tests to be run from data centers around the world, which is useful when testing response times.  You can also use our local agent to test APIs that are behind your firewall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Individual test steps can be linked together with variables allowing you to take data from the first API request and use it as a parameter for the next request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Runscope tests can be integrated with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.runscope.com/ghostinspector&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ghost Inspector&lt;/a&gt; to allow tests that combine both API and Web UI testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work as a developer advocate for Runscope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12237" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T15:29:07.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13326" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-04T15:44:46.690" Score="9" ViewCount="21154" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running selenium tests in C# and every now and then I get this error while initiating or running my tests: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server for&#xA;http://localhost:7055/xxxxx timed out after 60 seconds.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This occurs when instantiating the firefox driver when running my test suite:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  var driver = new FirefoxDriver();  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen seen some threads on it (like this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22322596/&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22322596/&lt;/a&gt;) but that was from over a year ago.  Does anyone know of any workaround or solution to this intermittent problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T15:06:24.607" Title="The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server timed out after 60 seconds" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13272" CreationDate="2015-06-04T15:47:20.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would tend to disagree with the comment of not designing and just coding.  As with any testing you should aim to plan and find issues in requirements Before writing code.  Its harder to change things later!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am quite a fan of Page Object Model (POM) as an approach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/page-object-model-framework-introduction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/page-object-model-framework-introduction&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/page-object-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/page-object-model/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach keeps your tests, data and page elements separate from one another. For me, this makes the tests easy write, and just as importantly, to maintain.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if a test fails following this model its unlikely the test conditions have changed after it initially passed.  That means the test code will probably not need changing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has the element moved? Update the element location&#xA;Has the data changed? Update the data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following concepts like &quot;one test, one assert&quot; will also mean your errors will likely tell you exactly what needs updating to fix your tests.  Or better yet, what to raise a bug about ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T15:47:20.033" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13228" CreationDate="2015-06-04T16:08:15.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My choice would be  &quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&quot; by Bret Pettichord, Cem Kaner, and James Bach.  When I moved from dev to testing this was the first book I bought and I've lent it to many new testers since then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T16:08:15.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6601" CreationDate="2015-06-04T16:14:35.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using c# with selenium.  I prefer not to use xpaths but tend to package up my most commonly used methods.  This one will allow me to select from a droplist (assuming the devs have done their job as expected and put IDs on both the droplist and the elements within the droplist):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static SelectElement ActionGetSelectElementById(this WebSiteBase unitTest, string id)&#xA;    {&#xA;        IWebElement elem = FindElementById(unitTest, id);&#xA;        if (elem.TagName != &quot;select&quot;)&#xA;        {&#xA;            throw new InvalidCastException(&quot;Element is not a select element, ID: &quot; + id);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        return new SelectElement(elem);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T16:14:35.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13248" CreationDate="2015-06-04T16:35:17.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on where you live and whom you work for, fake money transfers on a production system could have serious legal consequences. Same for undocumented money transfers between departments within the business. Consult the legal department in writing if you have one, otherwise your boss, regarding refunds/reimbursements and the necessary documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kirby's suggestion to install a &quot;back door&quot; on the production system has some merit -- a transaction that didn't happen doesn't have to be canceled. But if you do that, document it and plan on some audit procedures -- who did use it when, and do you know why? Instead of string-matching of domain names, consider a flag in the database that can be set at need. Other departments like marketing are likely to jump on the bandwagon if they learn about these &quot;freebie accounts&quot; ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should still smoke-test the live payment process, but that should be &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; carefully planned and documented test to get maximum information out of your business transaction. Then undo it in accordance with your legal requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would never make that part of an automated test suite if money changes hands for real, even in tiny amounts. One concern among many, the automation would need to enter the account credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T16:35:17.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13273" CreationDate="2015-06-04T16:48:36.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the tests are automated, run them as early and as often as possible on the main branch. In the best case, you can pinpoint which merge had the culprit. At the very least, it will narrow the list of suspects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's assuming the tests don't cost you anything -- no manual steps, no extra servers and licenses beyond those you have anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T16:48:36.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13333" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-04T16:51:39.150" Score="1" ViewCount="1067" Body="&lt;p&gt;After picking up some priority backlogs, what exactly is the role of a QA tester? I mean what are the actual steps, starting from understanding the requirements  and types of documentation if needed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there is a lot of stuff on the internet, but it isn't really helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-06-05T16:20:17.460" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T15:41:00.600" Title="What are steps of software testing life cycle?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-06-05T17:35:52.900" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13333" CreationDate="2015-06-04T18:17:26.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is my opinion that QA, Typically on a team using Agile development methodology, is an integral part of the software production team. Your primary goal is to verify developed software is appropriate to be released to the client by analyzing from their perspective. Here is a list of some of the typical responsibilities i have or have had as a QA analyst.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design and implement use cases(Common relevant processes the user performs on a frequent basis) and additional test cases to be run against feature cases and or bug fixes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designing Automated black box testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Planning regression tests suites.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performing research into best practices and helping the development process as a whole in terms of QA.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyzing new development in terms of risk and using that risk to help guide development.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of an average day at my company if there is feature cases or bug fixes they are top priority above everything else. Patches are above roll out. Our goal is to get patches out as quickly as possible so I start with those then move on to the roll out items. Once testing is performed i move on to either wiki documentation for new functionality or i develop black box automated testing using C# and Selenium Web driver. Occasionally i will spend this extra time performing research on best QA practices to enhance the company and my overall process. Two books i would recommend are the following to get a better grasp of QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lesssons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything by Greggory or Bach is solid i know Bach has his own website you can find &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T18:17:26.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13335" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13337" CreationDate="2015-06-04T18:30:04.320" Score="0" ViewCount="6394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a URL I am attempting to verify through my test, basically I click on the image of a product and it takes me to the item description page. At the end URL string for this items description page, there is an added (addthis.com) string for social media purposes. My question is how can I assert the URL if it changes browser to browser and session to session?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;URL ending&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;url + &quot;/shop/en-US/products/berry-blue#.VXCXwEb0_-s&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code Call&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.AreEqual(url + &quot;/shop/en-US/products/berry-blue#.VXCXwEb0_-s&quot;, driver.Url);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The string at the end &quot;VXCXwEb0&quot; is what is changed dynamically. Is there anyway to assert this URL while ignoring these characters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T18:40:42.287" Title="Verifying URL while ignoring part of its string" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13335" CreationDate="2015-06-04T18:38:54.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use a String.split command. The way it works is that you can split a string into an Array at a certain marker. So in this case for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Split using the period and you would have three strings in an array&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/shop/en-US/products/berry-blue#&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VXCXwEb0_-s&quot;, driver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Url&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can split the 2nd in the list above on the _ character in a new array which would give you the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VXCXwEb0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-s&quot;, driver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also do it in reverse order first on the _ then a period on the first string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T18:38:54.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13335" CreationDate="2015-06-04T18:40:42.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Uri class has a property called PathAndQuery that will strip off the fragment identifier (the part after the #).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.AreEqual(&quot;/shop/en-US/products/berry-blue&quot;, new Uri(driver.Url).PathAndQuery);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to test the host name too, you will need to add that back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12237" LastActivityDate="2015-06-04T18:40:42.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13333" CreationDate="2015-06-05T08:00:47.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was given this webpage to read, by my QA Manager: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.projectmanager.com/blog/tips-for-quality-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tips for quality testing&lt;/a&gt;. It really tells you what testers need to do to be a good tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few pointers I have learnt from reading such material, is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find quality bugs and not quantity of bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare your documents early, as in create your documents / test scripts early before you start actual testing (I'm guilty here again).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was also given this webpage to have a read through : &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.bughuntress.com/testing-tips-tricks/4-things-all-testers-should-stop-doing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Things that all testers should stop doing&lt;/a&gt;. There is a point in this article (that I mentioned above):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Power is not in numbers :&lt;/strong&gt; It’s never the amount of defects you should be headed to, but their value. If you have located 10, 30, 50, no matter, defects during the session priorities them first and then only decide what to do with them. Some may require rapid attention from developers, others can wait. No actual matter what the case, you should be responsible for highlighting places that require immediate fixes and if you will report a whole bunch of multi-level bugs, you will only achieve chaos. Developers are like children; don’t make things even more complicated for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7340" LastEditorUserId="7340" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T15:41:00.600" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T15:41:00.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12098" CreationDate="2015-06-05T09:22:39.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This can be done through &quot;Bug Tracking&quot; in the test case which helps us to link directly through JIRA &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goto &lt;strong&gt;Test Execution&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;Click on test case not the test suite &#xA;On your right hand side check for the Bug Management and hover on it you will find a link which opens up a pop up asking for the BUG ID. Please give the bug ID which is relevant to that particular test cases and save it. &#xA;Then the Build along with the Relevant Bug is shown with the URL in that particular test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6879" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T09:22:39.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13341" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13348" CreationDate="2015-06-05T11:48:31.783" Score="3" ViewCount="2109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been doing automation for websites and mobile apps since last year. I am using Java,Selenium webdriver, and TestNG. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I have one big project to do automation and I would like to first set its proper structure in terms of programming such as packages,utility,classes, etc. and need and expert who can help me here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Project description is given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - It is something like find candidates, employers.&#xA;2 - Search jobs by consultant team and contact candidates.&#xA;3 - Diff. Role there like Admin,HR,Data entry operator,Manager. Every role has diff. permissions like Function which HR can access maybe data entry operator cannot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I want to know how I can define an automation structure for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 - Create packages of all diff. Roles &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 - Create all global methods in utility package. Ex:login, register&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 - Create methods role-wise as per role packages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;4 - There are many diff. modules also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in future if any other testers want to continue scripting then they can understand above structure easily and can find particular module code easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest to me things to improve above structure? Or a good model to follow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-05T16:18:41.230" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T18:34:00.223" Title="How can I setup structure of automation for given project" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13341" CreationDate="2015-06-05T12:25:33.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer to use a Test Driven Design approach when setting up the frame work. The relevant code needed should just fall into place. I also develop my code based on a pages classes hierarchy. What this means is that each page in my website is represented similarly in the architecture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T12:25:33.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13346" CreationDate="2015-06-05T14:26:50.007" Score="2" ViewCount="1731" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some manual tests which I can convert to almost any needed format, e.g. CSV, XML or Excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to import import those manual tests to TFS?&lt;/strong&gt; Which format is needed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already looked in both user interfaces, the web-based UI and the standalone version &quot;Testing Center&quot;, but didn't find an appropriate link or button. The ability of importing tests is rather critical to us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my previous company IIRC they have imported requirements from an Excel sheet, but I did not participate in that operation. So I guess it could be possible if I could just find the right button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI: I am using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Studio Online&lt;/a&gt; trial period to figure it out. Not sure how much this differs from a real TFS installation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:06:12.453" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T10:06:12.453" Title="Importing manual tests to TFS" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13344" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-05T15:07:02.873" Score="3" ViewCount="450" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been a QA in an agile environment before, but I've now found myself at a company that practices Extreme Programming to the T. I was wondering where you guys think that a somewhat traditional tester might fit into such an environment or development cycle. In particular, all of the devs here are iterating with TDD and writing their own automated tests and pushing to their CI as soon as they are done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was hoping someone might direct me to some literature on the matter or share some of their experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6301" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T00:31:10.047" Title="QA in an Extreme Programming Agile Environment" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13343" CreationDate="2015-06-05T15:08:28.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there are two ways to import work items to TFS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mass add/edit using Excel: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286627.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286627.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Case Migrator(Not updated for the newest TFS version): &lt;a href=&quot;http://tcmimport.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tcmimport.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12097" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T15:08:28.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13343" CreationDate="2015-06-05T15:19:00.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Excel, I do the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Team Tab and then click on New List, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect to your TFS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose Input List then click OK&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on choose columns so we get all the necessary ones for creating test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Work Item item is set to &quot;All Work Item Types&quot;, change this to &quot;Test Case&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Add Required and you should have about 8 columns, the click ok&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now you should see a slightly different excel worksheet.&#xA;-Change the work item type on the first line to &quot;Test Case&quot; and it should auto populate the defaults&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on how complicate your test case is you can add and tweak columns to add test steps. When done you can publish the tests to TFS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a Grid option on the online &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/get-started/test/create-tests-vs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/get-started/test/create-tests-vs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12250" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T15:19:00.297" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13333" CreationDate="2015-06-05T17:29:23.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/what-do-qaers-and-testers-do.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/what-do-qaers-and-testers-do.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every company is different.&#xA;But here are some of the things my QA Teams do, in no particular order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review and respond to requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Participate in design reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Participate in architecture reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create and maintain Test Cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute Test Cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load/Stress/Volume/Performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Internationalization testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Localization testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installation testing, post-installation testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyze Results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write and update Bug Reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create and distribute Bug Status Reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create and Maintain test automation assets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Help&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify bug fixes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create test data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Participate in Code Reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conduct &quot;Lessons Learned&quot; sessions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mentor junior testers/QAers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conduct interviews of potential team members&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plan for future releases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide estimates of required test efforts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attend miscellaneous meetings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Research upcoming releases, new technologies, and new methods&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Teach others about products which have just been tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up and maintain test environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discuss features, bugs, etc with Developers, Support and Product Management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reproduce customer-reported problems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Publish lists of fixed bugs for customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintain a Knowledge Base of known problems, limitations, workarounds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate new tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate new methods and procedures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chair the Production Control Board&#xA;Keep track of upcoming releases to platforms of interest (such as Windows and Internet Explorer versions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T17:29:23.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13341" CreationDate="2015-06-05T18:28:31.890" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if you're familiar with the page object model, but you might be interested in it.  You create a class hierarchy that resembles the page structure of the site you're testing.  This model completely separates the WebDriver code and the TestNG code by creating this page interface that gives tests a universal way to interact with a particular page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a web page is simple and has only one state, then it gets one class that contains all it's behavior.  If a page is more complex than that, create a smaller page hierarchy where you give an abstract super page object the common attributes all states share.  Then split each state or component of that page into it's own sub-classes.  With this model, actions on a page that trigger a redirect or state change will return a reference to the page object that represents it.  Using this model, your tests can just progress through the chain of actions that travel from page to page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try giving this page a look: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or this official page object example by the selenium team: &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This model plays well with method chaining, where your page behavior methods which don't redirect or change a page's state can return a reference of itself.  This allows you to chain multiple actions back to back in a single statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2015-06-05T18:34:00.223" LastActivityDate="2015-06-05T18:34:00.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11611" CreationDate="2015-06-06T12:32:54.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays developers make a responsive application than not required to write different test cases for all application. Tester can write one time test case for general modules of application according to the project requirement for each platform.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In which starting with the general test cases which is all most same for the Android , iPhone or window App like install , Uninstall, Registration , Login , Voice Call Handling ,Low Battery , Charger Effect etc&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;After that every device platform OS have different  UI &amp;amp; UX then required to write the some different test cases for android, iphone ,Windows Application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-06-07T13:53:04.097" LastActivityDate="2015-06-07T13:53:04.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-06T16:28:19.127" Score="3" ViewCount="5300" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please I want to know How to set up Jmeter ramp up time ? &#xA;and if having error in some requests due to the ramp up time &gt;&gt; ignore the test or how can I handle this problem ?&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12158" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T19:29:16.460" Title="How to set up Jmeter ramp up time?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13363" CreationDate="2015-06-06T16:54:11.857" Score="2" ViewCount="413" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am setting up a lab to do some testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per policy, the lab must be separated by a jumphost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This lab contains database and application servers that mirror the production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am about to install my development tools (Visual Studio) in my case in the lab so they can talk to the application and database servers there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is somewhat annoying to have to use a remote session to get to Visual Studio in my case and deal with the small lag time etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't really have an option right?  I could install visual studio on my laptop, copy code over and run it.  But then when I need to step through code to do debugging I cannot really do that without visual studio installed in the isolated lab...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you have your environment set up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12259" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T09:42:31.357" Title="Best practices for isolated lab setup" Tags="&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13352" CreationDate="2015-06-08T04:05:24.090" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ramp-up period is the time required for all threads representing virtual users to start.&#xA;I.e:&#xA;  This is configuration of test plan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Number of Threads (users): 100&#xA;Ramp-up Period (in seconds): 10&#xA;Loop Count : No&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;lt;== It means that every 0.1 second (=ram-up period/number of threads) a new thread starts giving 100 running threads after 10 seconds. &#xA;       So, in your case, you can adjust according whatever you want. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on what you're trying to achieve you can also use the following test elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Synchronizing_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt; - to hold the threads until specified number will be reached and release them at the same moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; - to specify exact load in requests-per-second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For second question: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;if having error in some requests due to the ramp up time &gt;&gt; ignore the&#xA;  test or how can I handle this problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;lt;== You can set it on your &quot;Thread group&quot;, there're 5 actions for your selections:&#xA;    - Continue&#xA;    - Start Next Thread Loop&#xA;    - Stop thread&#xA;    - Stop test&#xA;    - Stop test now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YX99Q.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-06-08T12:36:46.743" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T12:36:46.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9826" CreationDate="2015-06-08T07:01:57.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1- As you said you dont want to use any Third Party tool, then you can not handle windows browse or upload file button using selenium because its syntax is like this-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Example:&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;file&quot; id=&quot;browsecv&quot; name=&quot;browsecv&quot;&amp;gt; /&amp;lt;input&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;you can search it on below link and then inspect for **&quot;browse&quot;** button&#xA;link: http://my.naukri.com/manager/createacc2.php?othersrcp=9280&amp;amp;wExp=N&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- you can not handle any controls whose attribute or field is hidden. in simple you cannot handle Hidden element using Selenium.&#xA;3- CAPTCHA -&gt; Either in the form of image or Number Can not handle by selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12086" LastEditorUserId="12086" LastEditDate="2015-06-08T07:22:45.027" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T07:22:45.027" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2015-06-08T07:08:13.407" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should Know Object oriented Concepts by using any programmig language like: C#, Java etc.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;You should know the Collection framework in C# or Java to handle the objects.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You should know the HTML.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You should know JavaScript.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;you should know Excel manipulation in java or C#.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;you should know how t connect database in java JDBC and in c# ADO.Net.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You should know the JUnit or NUnit Testing framework and their Annotations or Attribute.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You should know any IDE either Eclipse or Visual Studio.&#xA;External tools like Point position or AutoIt v3 etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12086" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T07:08:13.407" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-08T07:18:56.460" Score="2" ViewCount="474" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Jmeter, I have one scenario where I need to do a load test i.e editing a user's details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt; Need to login with credentials &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt;Need to update the values &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above steps need to be performed for 500 users. My doubt is when I am editing the user details I don't want to edit all the details of the user. I just want to change the status of the user to inactive. For this I have recorded the script, to do this I need to pass the id of the user and all values which I am not changing. Is the right way taking all these values in a excel sheet and passing those values to request? Is there any way to achieve it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help/ideas are highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T01:47:22.897" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T05:05:54.080" Title="Creating a test script for editing the user details using the jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2015-06-08T07:27:58.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to do that in selenium webDriver is to extend your preferred WebDriver (e.g. FirefoxDriver) and override the execute methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write a &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(yourWaitTime)&lt;/code&gt; in every execute method before return.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Voila there is your speed reduce:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Override&#xA;protected Response execute(String driverCommand, Map&amp;lt;String, ?&amp;gt; parameters) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;        // wait 500 millis and after that run command&#xA;        Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;    } catch (InterruptedException ex) {}&#xA;    return super.execute(driverCommand, parameters);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12272" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T07:16:11.830" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T07:16:11.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9826" CreationDate="2015-06-08T08:44:35.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't simulate a recovery from a system crash (either loss of internet or machine crash).  I'd usually cover these manually to ensure that the devs are posting data in an appropriate transaction (to avoid partial posts).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T08:44:35.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13344" CreationDate="2015-06-08T11:35:02.103" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short version&lt;/strong&gt;: regardless of the development methodology, &lt;em&gt;your role is to provide information about the overall quality of the application&lt;/em&gt;. You do that via testing anything that isn't included in the developer-maintained automation, and reviewing the developer-maintained automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The long version&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/300/good-resources-for-traditional-testers-adapting-to-an-agile-environment?rq=1&quot;&gt;This question&lt;/a&gt; and its answers is a good starting point. Moving beyond that, you've got several directions you can go with testing in this environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the requirements/user stories/use cases&lt;/strong&gt; - whatever the requirements documents are called, the dev team is working of something that says what to build and possibly what the user acceptance tests are. Part of your role is to review these &lt;em&gt;in context with the rest of the application&lt;/em&gt; and look for hidden assumptions, missed or invalid conditions, and other such things. With a large, complex product, that means you'll need a lot of knowledge about the product and the customer/user base.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the tests&lt;/strong&gt; - If you've got any experience with automation, review the dev automation code, and see what, if anything, you can find that's been missed. Even in the best environment with the best developers, something will be missed. In a large, complex product, it's a guarantee that some conditions will be overlooked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the user interface&lt;/strong&gt; - there are no automation tools that can substitute for an intelligent human interacting with the application and finding places that are awkward, ugly, or just plain counterintuitive. If you want to really have fun, you can play with personas here and mimic different user profiles (including the unexpected ones, like the CEO's bored 3-year-old who likes the pretty pictures and flashy lights). This is also where you find if form fields have been protected against illogical inputs (negative ages and so forth), cross-validation (birthdate is later than hire date, configuring on-sale periods that can never occur, being able to configure a setting that's incompatible with something you've already selected, and so forth).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the end-to-end processing&lt;/strong&gt; - It's almost guaranteed that the full process flow was developed in separate slices. If the developers didn't have the full flow in mind while they built, there will be gaps (there may be gaps anyway). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T12:18:28.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13353" CreationDate="2015-06-08T14:47:41.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally for me, I find it easiest to run tests off of my local machine. I integrate my testing suite with the nightly builds, and they are run at the end of the build for my testing environment. So when I arrive in the morning I can take a look at the results sheet, and get people on the issues right away. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Visual studio is tied by a user&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, and cannot be installed machine to machine. Below is some information I found on using your license with multiple computers from the following stack overflow question &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4676042/visual-studio-licensing-per-user-or-per-machine&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4676042/visual-studio-licensing-per-user-or-per-machine&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Visual Studio is licensed per user. You can have one installation on your laptop and another on your desktop as long as they are both used by you only (or any other user has a license). Here's  Microsoft's whitepaper on licensing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T14:47:41.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13364" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24144" CreationDate="2015-06-08T14:51:43.280" Score="2" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a load test in visual studio 2013. I build the load test from web performance tests and have each web performance test load data with a web test plugin the data goes into the context parameters. The web test plugin seems to work (if I throw exceptions in it, the test fails) during the load test. However, in examining the results it is clear that the data is not loaded or at least not used. Also in its behavior it is clear that not all data is available: failure due to missing data. When run within a wrapper web performance test, the web tests I use in the load test all work as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my questions are aimed at people with more loadtest experience than I have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there indeed a difference between loadtest context parameters and webtest context parameters within that load test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How would I go about if I want to load data for each webtest within my load test to update the context parameters in the loadtest?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6130" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T12:38:00.053" Title="Coordinate webtests in loadtests in vs2013" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13344" CreationDate="2015-06-08T15:15:09.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like they might be looking for more of a Test Analyst. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have the expertise to know what tests should be performed even if you aren't performing writing the tests yourself, and crucially you should know what tests cannot or should not be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10480" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T15:15:09.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11611" CreationDate="2015-06-08T15:18:24.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would start by defining your core functionality requirements, then work from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep as much of the testing as universal as possible, and break out into separate features/sheets for platform specifics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10480" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T15:18:24.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9826" CreationDate="2015-06-08T16:36:07.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bar code reader can't be tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are using TestNG then you can do load testing,please read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/unittest/testng-selenium-load-testing-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12231" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-08T17:41:46.490" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T17:41:46.490" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10276" CreationDate="2015-06-08T17:43:05.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the solution at &lt;a href=&quot;http://stuffandtech.blogspot.in/2012/03/android-quick-tip-adb-over-wifi.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://stuffandtech.blogspot.in/2012/03/android-quick-tip-adb-over-wifi.html&lt;/a&gt;. It worked for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps from article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect with USB debugging and do &lt;code&gt;adb tcpip 5555&lt;/code&gt; result is:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;restarting in TCP mode port: 5555&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now do &lt;code&gt;adb connect &amp;lt;you'r devices IP adress&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; result is:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;connected to (you'r devices IP adress)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should now be able to debug against you'r device as usual as long as it is connected to the same WiFi as you'r computer. A simple test: &lt;code&gt;adb devices&lt;/code&gt; Should give the output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;List of devices attached: you'r devices IP adress device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12278" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-09T15:13:17.610" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T15:13:17.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13369" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-08T18:46:00.620" Score="3" ViewCount="606" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a fresher and just completed my M.TECH COMPUTER&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am very much interested in making my career in QA, I am fundamentally clear about all the testing and methods ..Can i choose it..? As a fresher will a company consider me or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And WHAT THINGS should I start learning that can help me in getting a job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12279" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:04:33.960" LastActivityDate="2021-01-09T21:34:52.950" Title="What should I do to get a job in QA? Do companies generally go for fresher as software testing engineer or QA?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13369" CreationDate="2015-06-08T19:05:49.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you should have any issues being a freshman and getting a job as a QA person. When I first started out I went to my school counselor and got a list of jobs and internships for my career path and decided to go with an automation internship. I got crap for pay, but the experience lead me to the job that I have currently and it's been wonderful. Start learning all you can about the industry and what companies are looking for specifically. A couple of things I would recommend would be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Agile&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; development and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Automation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; testing (I recommend selenium). These are two great things to start your career with.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T19:05:49.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13369" CreationDate="2015-06-08T20:07:03.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I took my internship as a sophomore in college while pursing my computer science degree. It was decent money considering and the exp is invaluable. I worked in an agile environment and was the founder of the automated testing framework using C# and Selenium. Employers when searching for QA engineers in school are looking for people who are motivated and have a high level of critical thinking skills not exp otherwise they would hire out of the field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T20:07:03.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2015-06-08T20:08:43.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firefox selenium web extension has an option to make the test run slower or faster using a sliding bar. Not sure if IE or Chrome has this if not i would just use the debugger. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T20:08:43.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13369" CreationDate="2015-06-08T23:02:14.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with everyone about learning Selenium.  Get comfortable with both QA developer tools like Selenium WebDriver, TestNG or JUnit (for Java) or another testing framework for your language of choice, as well as testing methodologies and tools used by manual testers.  If you can't land a job as a QA developer directly, a lot of companies will more readily hire someone who is a mix role between manual and automated testing which is a great door to walk into, especially if they give you room to grow.  In the case of not having a lot of professional experience to prove yourself with, express your desire to learn and improve.  A good employer will recognize that as a long term investment opportunity and will hopefully least at least consider you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2015-06-08T23:02:14.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13396" CreationDate="2015-06-09T05:44:45.100" Score="3" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been in the Banking and Finance Industry for almost a year as a Quality Assurance Engineer. I am planning to explore other options and expand my knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would getting Certifications like below help my career?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Certified Associate in Software Quality (CASQ)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Certified Software Quality Analyst CSQA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Certified Manager of Software Quality (CMSQ) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially when I'm planning to work abroad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12282" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-09T07:07:10.677" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T03:18:01.493" Title="Would having a Certificate help?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-09T06:11:32.203" Score="1" ViewCount="571" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to send the testNG reports directly through mail to the stakeholders once its complete execution. What is the best possible way for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T10:26:36.320" Title="Can I email the testNG reports directly through selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13375" CreationDate="2015-06-09T07:01:28.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes and No. Hiring managers might like certifications, but here in the Netherlands the two most asked certifications are ISTQB and T-Map. So the ones you name might not be useful in Europe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1055/do-istqb-iseb-testing-certificates-prove-that-someone-can-test&quot;&gt;Do ISTQB/ISEB Testing Certificates prove that someone can test?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I am a follower of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.professionaltestersmanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.professionaltestersmanifesto.org/&lt;/a&gt; movement, and I choose to be not certified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I, as a professional software tester, believe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That standards compliance is no substitute for knowledge and skills,&#xA;  and that possessing a certificate demonstrates neither.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That companies have been convinced that only certified testers should&#xA;  be hired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That organizations who use certification as a surrogate for rigorous&#xA;  selection processes place the quality of their testing at risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That organizations who make money from creating or promoting standards&#xA;  and certifications are biased in their thinking by the potential&#xA;  financial rewards of convincing organizations that only certified&#xA;  testers are professional testers. Those organizations may include&#xA;  those who sell training, consulting or other related services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That testing benefits from diversity and not homogeneity: that testing&#xA;  is not a profession that can be standardized but instead needs to&#xA;  remain an intellectual professional activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;That choosing not to be certified does not mean I do not take my&#xA;  profession seriously. It is because I take my profession seriously&#xA;  that I choose not to be certified.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T07:26:25.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13378" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13494" CreationDate="2015-06-09T07:51:34.323" Score="4" ViewCount="5118" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked with &lt;a href=&quot;http://testlink.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestLink&lt;/a&gt; for a few years and I don't really understand why it is recommended all over the place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;doesn't make test creation easy. In many cases, where I was just asked to create a test, I needed to define a requirement, associate things here and there, create a test plan etc. That is a huge overhead on the test management side for someone who is just asked to perform a test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;has a bad usability. It doesn't use the power of modern web browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;makes customizing reports hard&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is hard to track changes in tests (version history)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the key features of TestLink that makes it so powerful that thousands of testers obviously love it? The &lt;a href=&quot;http://testlink.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestLink website&lt;/a&gt; itself doesn't do good advertisement. It just says &quot;Get it&quot;, &quot;Forum&quot; and &quot;Issues&quot;. There is no list of key features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, first of all it's a freeware tool, but then...? How could I first convince myself and then my boss to use TestLink instead of something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T19:35:52.763" Title="What makes TestLink so widely accepted?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13358" CreationDate="2015-06-09T08:22:10.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; to read the information from .csv file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the file has to be Excel and you cannot convert it to CSV you can still get information from it but it will be a little bit tricky. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/what-every-performance-tester-should-know-about-extracting-data-files-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Extract Data From Files With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; to learn how to do it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T08:22:10.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-09T09:28:27.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think its because its &lt;strong&gt;free&lt;/strong&gt; of costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When evaluation test-case management tools in the past we put TestLink aside pretty fast, it felt clumsy and also its looks &amp;amp; feel was horrible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We eventually settled on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestRail&lt;/a&gt;, but as I was not part of the manual test teams I don't know if they are really happy with it. But functionally it felt good, I did some practical cases in it and some test-runs with Jira integration. To test how the whole workflow would work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T09:28:27.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-09T09:33:24.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;there are two factors- price (or lack of) and being one of the least bad tools in the market.&#xA;How could you convince your boss to use it? easy- decide on a set of features important to you, test some tools (most of them are easy to setup, some have online demo projects) and fill in a table with grades per feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you color code the grades (e.g. excellent-green, terrible-red, OK but not brilliant-yellow) you'll most probably find that testlink is mostly yellow, and others are green-red meaning it is not perfect but at least not terrible in any area&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T09:33:24.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13353" CreationDate="2015-06-09T09:42:31.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are not enough details in the question, but since you mentioned the possibility to remote access into the lab than visual studio can be used for remote debugging there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T09:42:31.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13375" CreationDate="2015-06-09T10:48:45.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might help you land a first job, but in my experience hiring, certs are no indication of a good hire, beyond teaching some technical language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10480" LastEditorUserId="10480" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T13:47:44.063" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T13:47:44.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-09T11:22:46.133" Score="4" ViewCount="1805" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to deploy an application on websphere application server(8.5.5) from Jenkins using websphere deployer plugin. I have attached the two required jars. I can telnet the WAS server from jenkins server. I am receiving a connection successful message for Test connection button present in webspere deployer plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am receiving following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error deploying to IBM WebSphere Application Server: org.jenkinsci.plugins.websphere.services.deployment.DeploymentServiceException: Failed to install artifact: Failure uploading archive to server&#xA;at org.jenkinsci.plugins.websphere.services.deployment.WebSphereDeploymentService.installArtifact(WebSphereDeploymentService.java:167)&#xA;at org.jenkinsci.plugins.websphere_deployer.WebSphereDeployerPlugin.deployArtifact(WebSphereDeployerPlugin.java:193)&#xA;at org.jenkinsci.plugins.websphere_deployer.WebSphereDeployerPlugin.perform(WebSphereDeployerPlugin.java:171)&#xA;at hudson.tasks.BuildStepMonitor$3.perform(BuildStepMonitor.java:45)&#xA;at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.perform(AbstractBuild.java:761)&#xA;at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.performAllBuildSteps(AbstractBuild.java:721)&#xA;at hudson.maven.MavenModuleSetBuild$MavenModuleSetBuildExecution.post2(MavenModuleSetBuild.java:1046)&#xA;at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.post(AbstractBuild.java:670)&#xA;at hudson.model.Run.execute(Run.java:1766)&#xA;at hudson.maven.MavenModuleSetBuild.run(MavenModuleSetBuild.java:531)&#xA;at hudson.model.ResourceController.execute(ResourceController.java:98)&#xA;at hudson.model.Executor.run(Executor.java:374)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure why this is coming. I tried to manually deploy application and that went well. After that when I tried to redeploy it using this plugin, it uninstalls the manually deployed application but fails while uploading new one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any guess why this is happening?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7597" LastActivityDate="2019-04-15T09:02:00.380" Title="Remote deployment on WAS using websphere deployer plugin of jenkins" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13344" CreationDate="2015-06-09T11:30:38.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of our software suppliers operates in this manor but we still found 39 bugs when testing their latest delivery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark Smith.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T11:30:38.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-09T11:31:44.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, it's free. There are no licensing costs, and in my experience the time costs of learning and using the tool well are comparable with any other tool regardless of license cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also open to modification, which means if there's a programmer with the right skillset, you can add features you need, customize at the source code and database level, and do a whole lot more than the obvious (the time cost, of course, is not trivial). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has some features I like and have not seen in the comparable tools I've used (Team Foundation Server/MS Test Manager, and Rally), particularly the versioning of test cases and results: it prevents the confusion when old results are no longer valid because the test case has been edited to fit changes to the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's typically a case of what tool best fits your needs &lt;em&gt;and budget&lt;/em&gt;. If TestLink is good enough for your needs despite the ugly UI and awkwardness, then go with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T11:31:44.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13390" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-09T14:37:43.617" Score="1" ViewCount="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are looking for a solution that can track when we send out the release notes to our clients and then storing the notes externally for the clients.  If there is one solution for both that would be great but we will probably put our release notes on our blog and just point clients there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any insight. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12290" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T14:13:26.337" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T14:13:26.337" Title="Release note notification" Tags="&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-06-11T11:14:40.017" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10276" CreationDate="2015-06-09T15:08:05.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follow the steps mentioned below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb tcpip 5555&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This should give the output:&#xA;restarting in TCP mode port: 5555&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now knowing the IP of your Android device (Settings-&gt;About-&gt;Status) type the following into the terminal:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;adb connect &amp;lt;your device's IP address&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You should now get the output:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;connected to &amp;amp;lt;your device's IP address&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You should now be able to debug on your device as usual as long as it is connected to the same WiFi as your computer. A simple test:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;adb devices&lt;/code&gt; should give the output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;List of devices attached: &amp;amp;lt;your device's IP address device&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can debug on your mobile wireless with one basic condition that both laptop and mobile should be connected to the same WiFi network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12291" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T13:01:50.040" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T13:01:50.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13393" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-09T15:40:20.327" Score="4" ViewCount="1260" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're using TestComplete at this company, and we're intertwining a bit of scripting in our Keyword tests. I'm thinking about just turning it into just Page Object Model type tests since the recording can be tedious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone gone through a big project with Page Object Model with TestComplete and can speak to its merits/demerits?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2855" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T13:39:46.353" Title="Is it a good idea to use Page Object Model with TestComplete?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13390" CreationDate="2015-06-09T16:33:31.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a mailing list set up with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mailchimp.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MailChimp&lt;/a&gt; with our customers email to send out release notes. The release information isn't public. You can track emails with Google Analytics. The clients will be able to refer to all previously published emails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10656" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T16:33:31.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12360" CreationDate="2015-06-09T16:53:43.683" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Or there's a third alternative to what Vangelisz suggested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a dirty &amp;amp; quick way to fix the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fire up your favorite hex editor and edit/view the phantomjs executable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ dhex /usr/bin/phantomjs&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For ghostdriver is written in javascript and embedded in the phantomjs distribution as plain-text, look for the line that's causing the bug:&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/uSHNp25.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Remove the line by filling up it with &lt;code&gt;0x20&lt;/code&gt; (space) values. The line that you need to find and fill with ascii space characters is this: &#xA;&lt;code&gt;platform: ghostdriver.system.os.name + '-' + ghostdriver.system.os.version + '-' + ghostdriver.system.os.architecture,&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/WAqUtRw.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And then run as usual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ phantomjs --webdriver=8080 --webdriver-selenium-grid-hub=http://127.0.0.1:4444&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[INFO  - 2015-06-09T16:30:16.636Z] GhostDriver - Main - running on port 8080&#xA;  [INFO  - 2015-06-09T16:30:16.636Z] GhostDriver - Main - registering to Selenium HUB '' version:  using '127.0.0.1:8080' with org.openqa.grid.selenium.proxy.DefaultRemoteProxy as remote proxy.&#xA;  [INFO  - 2015-06-09T16:30:16.689Z] HUB Register - register - Registered with grid hub:  (ok)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow up: &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/neuro-sys/41e368839a9b20dafb34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://gist.github.com/neuro-sys/41e368839a9b20dafb34&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12293" LastEditorUserId="12293" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T21:11:49.100" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T21:11:49.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13375" CreationDate="2015-06-09T17:04:28.840" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way to help your career is to learn how to test and become very good at it. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/958&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach&lt;/a&gt; has a really good post directed at new testers, that is worth reading (lots of recommendations) and he says this about certifications:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don’t get certified. There are no respectable commercial testing certifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are forced to get certified for some reason, do not take it seriously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s not an achievement, it’s just a conveyor belt that extracts your money and gives you nothing you couldn’t get for the price of a Google search.&#xA;True certification remains this: the respect of respectable people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of the post has good resources for learning how to test. There are also a few posts here that might be useful: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/624/developers-have-code-kata-to-practice-skills-what-test-equivalents-are-there&quot;&gt;Developers have code kata to practice skills. What test equivalents are there?&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2571/where-to-get-feedback-on-my-testing-skills&quot;&gt;Where to get feedback on my testing skills?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always worry about what happens during an interview when I'm asked to demonstrate my testing ability (like a sample page) or give some verbal walk through of how I'd test something. That's when you either show you truly understand testing or you just talk a big game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T17:04:28.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13369" CreationDate="2015-06-09T17:08:37.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to get some experience that you can show or talk about. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;UTest&lt;/a&gt; is really good for freshers because you can jump in and get paid and develop your skills a bit as part time / contractor and get experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Filing bugs with open source projects is good. If you build software start a GitHub account so you can shows people your code examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10656" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T17:08:37.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13282" CreationDate="2015-06-09T17:21:20.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sauce Labs has good &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://info.saucelabs.com/SeleniumBootcampwithDaveHaeffner.html?_ga=1.178726125.87243300.1433870052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bootcamp&lt;/a&gt;&quot; using Ruby and WebDriver that is free (but you have to sign up to download). I've done it in spare time and was fun. Lots of example code and an example website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10656" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T17:21:20.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13375" CreationDate="2015-06-09T19:18:42.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Would getting Certifications like below help my career?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitely Maybe. It probably matters where in the world you intend to work, and for what kinds of companies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to explore that question a while back. In my locale, I concluded that the answer is &quot;It probably won't matter&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/software-qa-certifications-aid-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/software-qa-certifications-aid-to.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-06-09T19:18:42.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6346" CreationDate="2015-06-09T19:23:58.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've handled this before by killing the process with &lt;code&gt;driver.quit();&lt;/code&gt; and then re-initializing the driver and getting the URL. That will definitely kill the session, because it's running in a new JVM. Since it's the same test, you can still pass strings and integers to the new driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplified Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.quit();&#xA;driver = new firefoxdriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if this is a bad practice, but it will definitely work.  It's solved session problems for me in the past.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8884" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T22:47:22.257" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T22:47:22.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13375" CreationDate="2015-06-09T20:45:53.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have one year of experience with the Banking and Finance Industry, that's good! Experienced or not, having a certification is good and proves that you have knowledge and know how to use the knowledge. Yes, it's helpful for your career. Put the certification and your one year experience as a bonus. HR will be interested in hiring you from this perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May I suggest to you, a basis tester certification from ISTQB, which is known as CTFL. After getting this certification, you can add/upgrade with advance tester certification from ISTQB. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certification boards offer certification because they want the corporate business to have trust in testers and make it look professional.       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12294" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T15:38:12.197" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T15:38:12.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2015-06-10T00:56:52.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have fork some collection of software testing book awhile ago. Give look of the index.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Index&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software testing theory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Standards in software testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing of Free and OpenSource Software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing with different programming languages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I am still new and my reputation still low, I cant post more that 2 link. But you can check all the book and ebook link at my github repo files &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/RobbiNespu/free-software-testing-books/blob/master/free-software-testing-books.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HERE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12294" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T00:56:52.717" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-06-10T00:56:52.717" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13403" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-10T03:25:56.243" Score="0" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are having issues with further phases of projects copying/re-using test scripts that are not suitable for that phase. When the desired outcome for that phase is not reached, our phase is being blamed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone advise if there is a way of restricting/locking down/preventing test scripts from being copied by users? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12300" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T10:16:53.800" Title="Is there a way to restrict/prevent copying of test scripts in ALM11" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13236" CreationDate="2015-06-10T07:40:44.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;AFAIK there are certain limitations to the online version of the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a screenshot of how it looks on my side in Microsoft Test Manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There also some information at the bottom that can`t be seen in the SS below reering to Links and History.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nOWoX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2015-06-10T16:51:02.070" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T16:51:02.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13405" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-10T09:56:00.487" Score="5" ViewCount="6131" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is Test Architecture Design? I have used Test Design Specification and Test Case Specification before but have not heard of a Test Architecture Design document before. I'm not sure what I should write for this testing document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My project is an embedded software device. I need to re-engineer the device and produce a Test Architecture Design. So far, the only reference I have found is &lt;a href=&quot;http://qualab.jp/materials/SOFTEC2012-2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://qualab.jp/materials/SOFTEC2012-2.pdf&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to deliver the Test Architecture Design document before I start creating another testing document such as a Test Design Specification. My guess is that this is a combination of static testing and dynamic testing (blackbox testing technique).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12294" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T18:35:21.697" LastActivityDate="2019-07-18T09:59:17.593" Title="Test Architecture Design document?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;static-testing&gt;&lt;dynamic-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13090" CreationDate="2015-06-10T10:03:03.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try this:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//View[@content-desc='PASSWORD']/../EditText&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T02:34:49.120" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T02:34:49.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13393" CreationDate="2015-06-10T10:12:43.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes. It's documented in &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/55305/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also you can find an example &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.smartbear.com/t5/Functional-Web-Testing/Page-Object-Pattern-with-TestComplete/td-p/89188&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to understand better / start with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-10T11:54:50.987" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T11:54:50.987" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12256" CreationDate="2015-06-10T10:18:05.227" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can run it using&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;BrowserWindow.Launch(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;, &quot;-private&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Official information is available &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/888978/Starting-an-InPrivate-instance-of-Internet-Explore&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;on CodeProject&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2015-06-10T13:45:48.490" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T13:45:48.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13376" CreationDate="2015-06-10T10:26:36.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are at least 2 approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If Jenkins is used in your company, you create a job that runs tests and then e-mails report by &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Email-ext+plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Email ext plugin&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or you can add such functionality to @BeforeSuite method with &lt;a href=&quot;https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/java/mail/usingjavamail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaMail&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T10:26:36.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13411" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-10T10:27:09.997" Score="2" ViewCount="49" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to understand aspects of automatic test case generation (tcg) from models. During my research, I came across two &quot;techniques&quot; called &lt;strong&gt;sematic driven tcg&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;symbolic execution based tcg&lt;/strong&gt;. About the latter, I found some information sporadically that helped me to understand this approach a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't know how to understand semantic driven in the context of automatic test case generation. I can imagine that semantic information are connected to the model from which the tc are generated. But how? And which (semantic) information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any connection between these two approaches?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:23:29.383" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:23:29.383" Title="Understanding semantic driven and symbolic execution based test case generation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13405" CreationDate="2015-06-10T11:06:39.157" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like software developers create a software architecture describing how to software is built from a very high level perspective, you can do the same from a testing point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my cases (involving software testing), the test architecture contains many elements which are also present in the software architecture diagram.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It differs from the software architecture in those elements which you want to replace for testing purposes, e.g. you could replace hardware by a simulator. For the same reason, I often have many test architecture diagrams, each differing in a small number of components replaced by a simulator for testing a specific aspect of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, a test architecture may includes a setup for load testing. From that diagram, one should be able to figure out how much hardware/software you need in order to generate the load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my latest test architecture, I use virtualization in order to store specific states and versions of the software product. From the test architecture it is possible to figure out how many states I expect, what disk space is needed and how many CPUs and how muh RAM the virtualization server is expected to have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test architecture described before is mainly for PC software. This may differ for embedded products, e.g. you may want to explain how the device's inputs and outputs are triggered (e.g. via Labview) or how you want to test power surges and what additional hardware is needed to create those surges. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also want to describe the data flow, e.g. way you get test data into the device and results out of the device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T11:06:39.157" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13164" CreationDate="2015-06-10T11:21:36.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am afraid you can'd do it via the GUI.  However, you can set property files for another case via a groovy script with something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tCase = prj.testSuites['TestSuiteName'].testCases['TestCaseName']&#xA;tCase.setPropertyValue( &quot;MyProp&quot;, someValue )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some reason you cant perform it as a single line in my expirience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/scripting---properties/tips---tricks.html#1-1-Get-and-Set-properties&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.soapui.org/scripting---properties/tips---tricks.html#1-1-Get-and-Set-properties&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T11:21:36.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13415" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-10T11:35:45.707" Score="1" ViewCount="9599" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to write JMeter requests in Java. I found some examples by googling but I am not understanding how to assert the response i.e. the way we use Response Assertion to check whether the page was loaded successfully or not. Please share step-by-step process for JMeter with java coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-10T18:48:23.113" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T16:30:25.677" Title="Jmeter with java coding" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-01-08T16:35:53.107" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13415" CreationDate="2015-06-10T13:30:58.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please refer the below link.&#xA;Thought this might work.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://javaworks.wordpress.com/2013/06/28/beanshell-assertion-in-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://javaworks.wordpress.com/2013/06/28/beanshell-assertion-in-jmeter/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12306" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T13:30:58.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13417" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-10T18:41:52.750" Score="4" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company plans to install and use CAST from castsoftware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone else had experience with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I plan for a large, involved project? Or is this something relatively simple and transparent as far as testing is concerned?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything I should be worried about here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-06-10T18:41:52.750" Title="What can I expect if we implement CAST Software?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9434" CreationDate="2015-06-11T01:10:01.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, I think you should capture the element first, just use capture by cssSelector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.CSSSelector(&quot;span.appt-details-dropdown-service-title&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR, if the element is not captured by using CSS above, I think this element is temporary hidden then we should use ActionClass to action on the parent element first, --&gt; click the sub-child element after. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On your given html, it's not the &quot;Select&quot; actually, so I don't think we can use SelectElement class. &#xA;If it's , we can use:&#xA;The HTML will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;optionID&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;Value&quot;&amp;gt;Option&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;NotValue&quot;&amp;gt;Not Option&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the select class will be following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;optionID&quot;)); &#xA;Select select= new Select(selectElement);&#xA;select.selectByValue(&quot;Value&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="9058" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T06:32:26.460" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T06:32:26.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2689" CreationDate="2015-06-11T02:07:45.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alexei, here's the working link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwaresupport.hp.com/group/softwaresupport/search-result/-/facetsearch/document/KM176290&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://softwaresupport.hp.com/group/softwaresupport/search-result/-/facetsearch/document/KM176290&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T02:07:45.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9934" CreationDate="2015-06-11T02:29:22.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Highly recommend to look at &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://allure.qatools.ru&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Allure Test Report&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; framework, &lt;br&gt;it allows attaching screenshots &amp;amp; files (during execution &amp;amp; on failure, as you need).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few useful links, as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-csharp-commons/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Allure C# library&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ilya-murzinov.github.io/articles/allure-csharp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Getting started guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T04:24:27.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12898" CreationDate="2015-06-11T03:27:45.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There's one more new and promising tool — &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/Winium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winium&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few more comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn747198.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coded UI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; — official, from Microsoft; languages are Microsoft ones (C#, etc.). &lt;br/&gt; It should be stable, but scalability (parallel run) is a question, also you need some time to get familiar with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/Winium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; — third-party, promising &amp;amp; actively developed. Right now supports native mobile apps &amp;amp; Silverlight apps, web &amp;amp; hybrid apps are coming. Most popular languages are supported. It's Selenium-based, so with Selenium experience it's easy to start. &lt;br&gt; Scalability: can be included in SeleniumGrid, &amp;quot;out of box&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/forcedotcom/windowsphonedriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windows Phone Driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - third-party, only for testing mobile web on Windows Phone. Not actively developed / supported right now. Has some limitations. Also Selenium-based, so supports many languages, scalable &amp;amp; easy-to-start for Selenium-experienced engineers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T03:27:45.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5261" CreationDate="2015-06-11T03:32:33.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/Winium.StoreApps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winium.StoreApps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;free &amp;amp; open-source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;actively developed &amp;amp; supported&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;supports many programming languages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;based on Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;scalable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also there are official &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn747198.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coded UI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; tools from Microsoft.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T03:32:33.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2015-06-11T04:37:21.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ToolsQA&lt;/a&gt; is awesome. Please have a look and do go step by step. You will learn quite a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12311" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T11:46:23.297" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T11:46:23.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13403" CreationDate="2015-06-11T05:49:03.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no experience with the specific system, but it sounds to me like a culture or administrative problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are the different phases part of the same department? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who coordinates the test strategy?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there an overall test budget?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T05:49:03.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-11T07:09:17.723" Score="1" ViewCount="1175" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement to fetch the ID of a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag based on the country name (&lt;code&gt;TestIndia1&lt;/code&gt;). I am trying to edit the record, but while editing, it requires the ID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So please let me know how to fetch the ID from the &lt;code&gt;html&lt;/code&gt; using a regular expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot; id=&quot;241&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; class=&quot;ui-widget-content jqgrow ui-row-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td role=&quot;gridcell&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;width: 30px;&quot; aria-describedby=&quot;list2_cb&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input role=&quot;checkbox&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; id=&quot;jqg_list2_241&quot; class=&quot;regular-checkbox cbox&quot; name=&quot;jqg_list2_241&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;jqg_list2_241&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td role=&quot;gridcell&quot; aria-describedby=&quot;list2_subgrid&quot; class=&quot;ui-sgcollapsed sgcollapsed &quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a style=&quot;cursor:pointer;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;ui-icon ui-icon-plus&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td role=&quot;gridcell&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; aria-describedby=&quot;list2_mc_country&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;inline-edit-link &quot; href=&quot;http://example.com|id|241&quot;&amp;gt;TestIndia1&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T14:21:05.047" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T19:01:48.200" Title="Extracting an HTML ID using Jmeter regular expression extractor" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13426" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-11T07:58:20.310" Score="10" ViewCount="424" Body="&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/13393/3201&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt; asks if the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Objects&lt;/a&gt; pattern for automated GUI testing works for bigger projects. But as the question was focused on a single testing tool/framework I think its a good idea for a bit more general question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We just started using the Page Objects pattern in a 4Mil LOC product and around 2000 views/pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leads to the following question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the Pro's and Con's of the Page Objects pattern in large scale projects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anything you should keep in mind when setting up Page Objects for large scale projects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T09:19:06.140" Title="Does the Page Objects pattern scale?" Tags="&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13427" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-11T08:15:59.313" Score="3" ViewCount="2008" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if there are alternative patterns for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page Objects&lt;/a&gt; pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What possible design patterns are there for automated GUI testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Description and pro's and con's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple usage example&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sources e.g. Blogs, whitepapers...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Best practises&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-11T08:24:12.300" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T15:23:17.363" Title="Alternative automated test design patterns for the Page Objects pattern" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13428" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13456" CreationDate="2015-06-11T12:26:38.447" Score="2" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;The focus always seems to be on short stories and then the code that goes with them tends to have units tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other areas or levels should I be testing in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The context is for SaS (Software as a Service) applications being developed in an Agile environment using a variety of Scrum and Kanban techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-06-12T11:45:23.903" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T12:09:13.367" Title="What should I be testing, aside from unit testing, in an agile environment?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;&lt;kanban&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13431" CreationDate="2015-06-11T12:50:10.393" Score="4" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our development teams are good on writing unit tests and also for using the same framework (rspec in our case) for writing integrated tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a strong desire to increase automated UI testing.  The desire has been expressed for the QA group to spearhead this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When actually trying to do this however we have run into a lot of obstacles, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ui element tagging tends to be brittle.  We decided that using &lt;code&gt;data-attributes&lt;/code&gt; and specifically in our case data attributes that start with &lt;code&gt;data-qeeg-&lt;/code&gt; to effectively namespace them to our QE Area for the eg application.  We'd like to have full control within this name space but we are getting a lot of feedback from developers about the exact names we use.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;testers tend not to have some of the technical skills or experience that developers do.  It's quite hard to find testers who are have a strong technical skills set in programming.  this tends to perpetuate the (terrible) idea of testers as 2nd class citizens who are 'not good enough' to be the programmers they 'would really rather be'.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;duplication of effort.  There is frequently push back from developers saying they have already written unit or even integrated (but non-ui) tests.  Why do we need to duplicate a lot of their functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Co-ordination with developers.  Having to follow all the same processes for change that developers use, does not seem to work well when we are making small changes to the UI to make automated UI testing easier.  Developers have a tendency to want folks they work with to be skilled and experienced in other areas and can get frustrated with testers who are not.  This seems to lead to a lack of trust and a 'always need to review it' mentality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Code reviews for element tag changes.  The need for reviewing the code that is actually doing the automation seems reasonable and for that we fit into our organizations code review rules.  However for the tagging of web UI elements that is an essential part of our work we are constantly slowed down by needing review and then often lengthy discussion of what are essentially naming conventions.  We like to do peer review but when all our work if effectively dependent on 'programmer approval' it slows us down, demotivates us and makes us feel like 2nd class citizens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;QE's have a role in each ticket.  Manually testing tends to be quick and easy and fits within the times being spent on the ticket during its other phases.  A problem arises when we want to automate the manual steps in that the automation takes a while to write and the 'needs testing' queue starts to back up and pressure build to just 'get the ticket out'&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we overcome these obstacles and successfully introduce and grow Automated UI testing in our organization?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T21:30:56.777" Title="How can I successfully introduce automated user interface testing to my organization?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13415" CreationDate="2015-06-11T13:22:29.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/5-ways-launch-jmeter-test-without-using-jmeter-gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;5 Ways To Launch a JMeter Test without Using the JMeter GUI&lt;/a&gt; guide to learn how to run existing JMeter test scenario from Java code and how to create a JMeter test purely in Java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/blazemeter/jmeter-from-code/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jmeter-from-code&lt;/a&gt; snippet for working example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to implementing assertions, you can create a simple test plan i.e. having one request and one assertion, load it via &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/save/SaveService.html#loadTree(java.io.File)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SaveService.loadTree()&lt;/a&gt;&#xA; method and inspect resulting &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jorphan/collections/HashTree.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HashTree&lt;/a&gt; to see how does it look under the hood. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T13:22:29.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13429" CreationDate="2015-06-11T13:47:15.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The issues in the question sound pretty typical of Selenium users and development/QA teams in general.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ui element tagging tends to be brittle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing make the most sense when the interface stays the same but the implementation changes.  If a page tends to change a lot, it may make more sense to test it by hand, or to test it with a combination of automated smoke tests and manual detailed tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default, a developer is unlikely to care whether their UI breaks your automated tests, because they don't feel the pain of breaking those tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;testers tend not to have some of the technical skills or experience that developers do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that characterization is largely true.  Most strong developers do not want to test, because testers tend to not be compensated or given the visibility that developers are.  Salary surveys on job search sites like Indeed will back this up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, just because a tester is a below-average developer does not mean they can't be great at their job and effective at using tools like Selenium in appropriate ways.  You need to find ways to let developers and testers take advantage of what they are already good at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;duplication of effort. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is a fair question.  Zero overlap is unrealistic, but UI test ought to focus on testing the UI, not on testing the business logic that's already covered by other kinds of tests.  Your team needs to figure out what that means specifically for your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Co-ordination with developers. &#xA;  Code reviews for element tag changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds as if developers need to own element tagging.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Manually testing tends to be quick and easy and fits within the times being spent on the ticket during its other phases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you write an automated test, you trade off risk and reward, just as you do when you decide whether/how to test something manually.  You may need to evaluate whether you are automating the highest-yield targets.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular, &quot;automate everything&quot; is a strategy that leads to lots of high-maintenance, low-value code that does little to improve quality.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you should &lt;strong&gt;review what you are automating to convince yourselves and your developers that you are using automation in high-value ways&lt;/strong&gt;.  If you can't convince  your developers that your tests have value, developers will not be inclined to help you.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T13:47:15.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13429" CreationDate="2015-06-11T13:47:26.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An answer to your second bullet point, from one project I've experienced recently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Allow the QA department to draft developers as extra testers for UI tests. Allow the developers to spend some time on automating UI tests. Suddenly a lot of boring, repetitive tests got automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make the testers/test analysts available to help with unit tests, especially the enumeration of negative test cases. They tend to be good at it, while many developers have blind spots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T13:47:26.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-11T15:10:56.860" Score="5" ViewCount="8507" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking at speeding up my automation using a headless browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried converting my tests to use PhantomJS but test stability took a big hit. Some pop ups don't seem to render correctly, tests die in the middle of execution with no valuable error displayed..   Has anyone had any luck with headless browser automation in .NET?  If so, what browser are you using?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T14:40:29.450" Title="Options for headless browsers for .net?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13427" CreationDate="2015-06-11T15:23:17.363" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had similar question few years back. At that point I had only seen page object based implementation. In my current company we have a single framework that manages mobile, web, web services. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A nice presentation of page object challenges is available in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/abagmar/perils-of-pageobject-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.slideshare.net/abagmar/perils-of-pageobject-pattern&lt;/a&gt;. There is also a youtube session on the same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of Page Object Challenges are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duplication of Code for Data heavy validations (Reusing similar / validations) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintenance &amp;amp; Scaling Challenges&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple frameworks for Mobile, Web etc is hard to manage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a Reference Pattern (Similar to Business layer page object pattern in slides)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Custom API Drivers for Web Driver, Selenium or other drivers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Common utility, data, database service, web service classes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Mobile, Web with reuse of utilities, data, DB access, Web Services, You have page object, template design pattern, factory design pattern during implementation. This really depends on situation and need. It also evolves over period of time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Website can pass / manage session state with session_id, cache variables etc, similarly when we move across pages we create a parent object and store required state of values, when we move to next successive page, we use those states / values in related pages / actions. This is something advanced concept that &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; makes frameworks mimic http state / session state etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm working on example code for this explanation. I will share it in Github soon&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T15:23:17.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13428" CreationDate="2015-06-11T15:52:30.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit testing is a great way to test code with specific endpoint values and compare them with expected results, but there are many things that unit testing cannot cover. Unit tests provide you with a &lt;strong&gt;linear&lt;/strong&gt; test, for the software. Automation should cover a more broad approach to what the software actually does.  &lt;strong&gt;Agile&lt;/strong&gt; is a difficult space to implement automation, and it needs to have ample time to be set up. After the framework is up and running, you can add tests in your suite sprint-by-sprint to cover the material developed. So to answer your question, other areas for automation include a wide variety of things. I would recommend you speak to your Project Manager to see what they expect from your automation. Currently for me I write automation for: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;End-To-End Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect/Feature Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the items that I am responsible for, and this is what my testing encompasses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T15:52:30.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13433" CreationDate="2015-06-11T15:58:43.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Option 1: &lt;a href=&quot;http://triflejs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trifleJs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I haven't tried this but it was recommended in a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10161413/headless-browser-for-c-sharp-net&quot;&gt;similar StackOverflow question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 2: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2010/03/30/using-htmlunit-on-net-for-headless-browser-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Convert HtmlUnit from Java to C#&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have used HtmlUnit in its Java form and it is great.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T15:58:43.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13437" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13442" CreationDate="2015-06-11T17:24:29.380" Score="0" ViewCount="11991" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know if there's any way to know the absolute position of the browser's visible canvas.&#xA;Ex: if I'm at a webpage and I scroll down 200px, I would like to know I'm on the coordinate {X,200}.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to do this using Selenium Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS - I know that the Element has the property Position, which returns his absolute position on the page. I'm not sure if this may help, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12136" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T21:19:13.700" Title="Get browser's current position using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13438" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13441" CreationDate="2015-06-11T18:46:20.797" Score="0" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked to come up with a document for a staging environment and what requirements QA would have for such an environment. My main question would be &quot;What do you look for in a staging environment as a QA professional&quot;. Here is a list of things that I can think of right off the top of my head, but anything that could add to this list would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that the environment can be specifically managed by QA, meaning that QA will only be doing builds to this environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that the DB is as close to production as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help or suggestions would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T17:41:18.500" Title="What items do you look for in a staging(test) environment" Tags="&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13439" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13440" CreationDate="2015-06-11T19:39:30.300" Score="6" ViewCount="2300" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm going to be starting a Job here in a few weeks, I've been doing QA for about 6 years now. Pretty much your standard Test Plans/Testing with a little normal SysAdmin stuff that sometimes comes with the task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had some good ideas implemented in companies, as far as tracking requirements/test plans/issues differently, and they seem successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this new position will be me laying down the foundation for QA. Right now things are done in what seems to be as needed as far as QA goes, requirements are gathered and sometimes kept in different locations, same with test plans (which are done by developers right now).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my job will be sort of centralizing this, or developing a Flexible way of QA'ing the Software (Web/Mobile development).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it seems the challenge will be centralizing everything, while creating test plans/ or ways of testing similar requirements that is flexible enough to span projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had a few ideas, however, all my previous test work was windows based (So test plans in TFS or Microsoft Test Manager). I wanted to get some ideas from everyone here, or anyone that has started a QA department from scratch. I was also going to see if there were any books on the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thoughts were mainly keeping projects separated for issue tracking (not sure of the software we will use yet). And keeping test plans for common I guess &amp;quot;actions/elements&amp;quot; that are repeated between different customers and executing those. Eventually maybe using selenium to save those &amp;quot;common&amp;quot; elements as test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I've never set something up like this before solo, so I've been doing quite a bit of reading. Any books/suggestions would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user5852" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T12:51:37.260" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T12:51:37.260" Title="Setting up QA Department from Scratch (Web Development)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13439" CreationDate="2015-06-11T21:03:16.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My thoughts were mainly keeping projects separated for issue tracking (not sure of the software we will use yet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a fan of Atlasssian's products. You can get issue tracking with JIRA, documentation with Confluence, communicate with HipChat, and host source code on BitBucket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I work now, uses these. I came from a .Net stack that used TFS and I have to say I like Atlasssian's products for the smaller LAMP stack team I work with now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But i've never set something up like this before solo, so i've been doing quite a bit of reading. Any books/suggestions would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't come across any books that tell you how to setup a QA department. For QA books, I do recommend &quot;Lean Software Development&quot; by Poppendieck and &quot;The Art of Software Testing&quot; by Myers. Benchmark QA also has &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.benchmarkqa.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/BenchmarkQAs25thAnniversary-Top25TipsforBetterSoftwareQuality.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;25 Tips For Better Software Quality&lt;/a&gt;&quot; that should give you some pointers for building up a solid QA department.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T21:03:16.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13438" CreationDate="2015-06-11T21:12:49.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do you look for in a staging environment as a QA professional[?]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If at all possible your 'staging' environment will be analogous to your Production environments. The web server would be hosted by the same provider and using the same Apache or IIS version. The SQL server would be the same too. You might request a nightly replication so you have actual user data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;anything that could add to this list would be appreciated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For code deployments, QA should gate features/code branches. Currently, I use Jenkins to listen to the 'staging' branch. So when I merge a feature branch into 'staging', Jenkins builds/deploys the code. Find a CI tool that works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the code is satisfactory, we (QA) will merge 'staging' into 'master' and then delete the feature branch to clean up the repo. We clean up the repo so that the repo is small (BitBucket currently limits us to 2GB per repo) and so that dev's wont fat finger the wrong branch when doing a checkout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T21:12:49.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13437" CreationDate="2015-06-11T21:19:13.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This has been asked a few times on StackOverflow and every answer I found points to using &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScriptExecuter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;StackOverflow &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25733877/selenium-how-do-you-check-scroll-position&quot;&gt;Example 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;StackOverflow &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12293158/page-scroll-up-or-down-in-selenium-webdriver-selenium-2-using-java&quot;&gt;Example 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T21:19:13.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13429" CreationDate="2015-06-11T21:30:56.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ui element tagging tends to be brittle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tool you end up using will find elements in different ways. So you'll likely change up based on the tool you use. Hopefully the tool you pick makes it easy to change 'selectors' (find element logic).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;testers tend not to have some of the technical skills or experience that developers do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look into using Telerik Test Studio. It can be used by the average QA person but it's functionality can be expanded upon with C#. There are many alternatives out there, but this is by far my favorite for entry level automation. It's similar to Selenium IDE in test creation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;duplication of effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers write unit tests that pass. That is not helpful to QA other than a Happy Path sanity check. Also, Unit/Integration Tests != UI Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Co-ordination with developers. Code reviews for element tag changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not all that necessary unless the element is too difficult to find using your selected tool. I have asked for the data-* attribute before, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A problem arises when we want to automate the manual steps in that the automation takes a while to write&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could test while automating, but that could be a waste if the ticket gets sent back and refactored. Make automation part of the process, same as Test Plans, and tell them to deal with it. Do they want it done fast or done right? In time you will find that automating is now second nature and a quick task. Again, that comes with time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-11T21:30:56.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13326" CreationDate="2015-06-11T23:03:33.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of simple &lt;code&gt;new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/code&gt; try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new FirefoxDriver(new FirefoxBinary(), new FirefoxProfile(), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(180));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-12T07:24:29.713" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T07:24:29.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13426" CreationDate="2015-06-12T00:00:22.360" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, yes, it does.  However there isn't really a single way to implement this model that just works.  You have to really think about the structure of your website in terms of it's pages, and figure out how you can represent that structure in your code.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For one company I worked for, I used the page object model against pages that were very simple such that each had a single state.  This made it easy for a one class one page approach.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another company had a website where it's page structure was more app-like that you had a single &quot;super&quot; page with many many states.  Using this I created a framework that had a class hierarchy to roughly match the structure of the page states.  Rather than a single class single page, I had each &quot;component&quot; that represented a state as it's own class and extended them appropriately.  This way each component acted as a container for all it's own inner states, allowing a portion of the page to defined once, then extended wherever necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T00:00:22.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12863" CreationDate="2015-06-12T04:58:05.847" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes , I have tested a responsive site into the Different browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Google Chrome Browser to test the Responsive view press F12.-&gt; Click on 'Toggle Device Mode' , Using this option we can select the different type of device mode.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sOB97.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another option is we can add app which is  &quot;Responsive Web Design Tester&quot;, using this on right click menu Responsive Web Design Tester option is available with different device mode.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P7Zky.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Mozilla Firefox , Open Web developer tools (ctrl+Shift+I) is available -&gt; Into the select Responsive Design View (ctrl+Shift+M) -&gt; Into this option Different view is available of the different device.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/knEI6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In IE 8 - 11 Responsive testing you can use site of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com/&lt;/a&gt; and also addon in firefox to check the IE Responsive as Below Snap.&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i2Clm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2015-06-18T11:11:29.057" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T11:11:29.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-12T05:54:58.210" Score="0" ViewCount="374" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting stuck at below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;lstType=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlGeneralType']/option&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;int i,j;&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;the no of type&quot;+lstType.size());&#xA;&#xA;for(i=1;i&amp;lt;=lstType.size();i++){&#xA;  lstType.get(i).click();&#xA;  List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; slctsubType=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ddlGeneralSubType']/option&quot;)); &#xA;&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;the no of type&quot;+slctsubType.size());&#xA;  for(j=1;j&amp;lt;=slctsubType.size();j++){&#xA;    try {&#xA;      slctsubType.get(j).click();&#xA;      Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;      WebElement save= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='generalClassificationEditModal']/div[@class='modal-footer']/a[text()='Save']&quot;));&#xA;      save.click();&#xA;      Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;      if(save.getText()==null){&#xA;        //  driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='generalClassificationModal']/div[@class='modal-footer']/button[text()='Close']&quot;)).click();&#xA;          driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='#classification'and contains(@onclick,'OpenEditGeneralClassification();')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;      }&#xA;      else {&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;         //driver.findElement(By.xpath((&quot;//div[@id='generalClassificationEditModal']/div[@class='modal-footer']/button[text()='Close']&quot;))).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath((&quot;//div[@id='generalClassificationEditModal']/div[@class='modal-footer']/button[text()='Cancel']&quot;))).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='#classification'and contains(@onclick,'OpenEditGeneralClassification();')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;      } &#xA;    }&#xA;    catch(org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException e){&#xA;      e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting an error message thrown by this line of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;slctsubType.get(j).click(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-07-13T18:53:52.463" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T12:48:23.260" Title="StaleElementReferenceException in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12863" CreationDate="2015-06-12T06:33:14.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; , they has more than 500 platform, I just pick the browsers, according to resolution. Also, I can call API, and automate testing by integrating with Selenium do check on local.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T06:33:14.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13447" CreationDate="2015-06-12T06:40:14.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you have written the code to select all the the options from drop downlist. but you should select at the most one element. so that you are getting &quot;StaleElementReferenceException in selenium&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means that some where the reference to the existing element is getting dereferenced, which means element=null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is here in for loop:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(j=1;j&amp;lt;=slctsubType.size();j++){&#xA;try{&#xA;    slctsubType.get(j).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above code you are selecting all the options from drop down list.&#xA;you have to select only one option on any condition like value or text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12086" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-07-15T12:48:23.260" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T12:48:23.260" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13447" CreationDate="2015-06-12T06:57:42.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There're 2 causes why this happens:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The element has been deleted entirely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The element is no longer attached to the DOM.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, I think because the element j has not visible in slcsubType so, it cannot click on &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;slctsubType.get(j).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;I think you should use &lt;code&gt;Explicit Wait&lt;/code&gt; and wait until these elements appear,and then click. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-12T09:05:43.070" LastActivityDate="2015-07-12T09:05:43.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13451" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13452" CreationDate="2015-06-12T07:25:12.463" Score="2" ViewCount="526" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I'm automating Chrome on Windows 8.1 with JavaScript using Selenium's WebDriverJS.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt;  To get started with WebDriverJS for Node, I downloaded a copy of the ChromeDriver and selenium-server-standalone jar file and placed them in E:\Selenium directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt;  I wrote the following &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;BrowserTest.js&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driver = require(&quot;selenium-webdriver&quot;);&#xA;function createDriver() {&#xA;    var driver = new driver.Builder()&#xA;        .usingServer('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub')&#xA;        .withCapabilities(driver.Capabilities.chrome())&#xA;        .build();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(10000);&#xA;    return driver;&#xA;}&#xA;var driver = createDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;driver.getTitle().then(function (title) {&#xA;    console.log(title);&#xA;});&#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3)&lt;/strong&gt;  Then I started Selenium Standalone Server, and tried to run my js code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;E:\Selenium&amp;gt; Node BrowserTest.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But it throws the following error:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;E:\Selenium&gt; node BrowserTest.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;fs.js:500 return binding.open(pathModule.makeLong(path), stringToFlags(flags), mode); ^ Error: ENOENT, no such file or directory 'E:\Selenium\webdriver\logging.js' at Error (native) at Object.fs.openSync (fs.js:500:18) at Object.fs.readFileSyn &gt; (fs.js:352:15) at Object.Context.closure.goog.retrieveAndExecModule (E:\Selenium\node_modu les\selenium-webdriver_base.js:129:23) at :1:6 at Object.exports.runInContext (vm.js:64:17) at Context.closure.closure.vm.createContext.CLOSURE_IMPORT_SCRIPT (E:\Selenium\node_modules\selenium-webdriver_base.js:101:12) at Object.goog.importScript_ (E:\Selenium\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\goog\base.js:873:9) at Object.goog.importModule_ (E:\Selenium\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\goog\base.js:894:14) at Object.goog.writeScripts_ (E:\Selenium\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\goog\base.js:1251:16)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please tell me how to resolve the Error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12327" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-12T07:58:11.927" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T02:43:31.407" Title="Automating Chrome on Windows 8.1 with JavaScript using Selenium's WebDriverJS" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13451" CreationDate="2015-06-12T07:45:02.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From your steps it seems you haven't installed selenium package for Node.js.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute &lt;code&gt;npm install selenium-webdriver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then run the test again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T07:45:02.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13453" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-12T08:07:02.087" Score="3" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;When developing multi-platform test framework (e.g. mobile-focused) there can be several ways to use PageObject pattern. For instance, platforms can be separated at least:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;at the level of locators &amp;amp; methods (i.e. 1 element will have several locators)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;at the level of whole pages/screens (i.e. 1 abstract page will have several implementation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... (your suggestion may be here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;How do you think: What's the advantages of each one? Is there the best one to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T01:44:31.893" Title="Multi-platform testing | What PageObject approach to use?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="963" CreationDate="2015-06-12T11:56:01.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that you need to start by presenting a comprehensive approach to QE to the team so that they can see how it will fit in with Agile Development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me a comprehensive approach to QE basically means a comprehensive approach to testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this I start with these four quadrants:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Integrated  |  Performance&#xA;--------------------------&#xA;Unit        |  Exploratory&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to be sure that the base code works as intended (Unit Tests), that it integrates correctly with datastores and other dependencies (Integrated Testing), that it performs reasonably (Performance).  Finally you want a human to look at how everything works together to achieve the desired business goals (Exploratory).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then look to talk about how long testing takes - particularly writing automated testing and most particluarly in getting a framework 'off the ground'.  I also talk about the testing ratio of the tester/QE person (if broken out separately).  If there is 1 tester to 4 developers and some tickets take twice as long to test (a common scenario) then there is an inherent problem.  Having laid this out I then suggest the solution:  we are a team and everyone does testing.  Developers should already be familiar with the value and need for unit tests so this is just building on top of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, for the question of where/how/when to start with making QA (testing) more efficient if the team is transitioning from waterfall to agile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;For unit tests by developers&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing unit tests for code is fundamental to current software development.  It didn't exist for me 20 years ago but now it is just a basic requirement.  It's not just 'a good practice', it's the accepted basic way to make sure the software keeps working.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So if folks aren't doing unit testing now it's time for more action than just an email or a lunch-and-learn.  Folks need to be re-trained.   It can be on-site or off-site but we are talking weeks and months here not hours and days.  New folks may need to be hired.  Existing folks may need to learn to how to balance the value of their experience with the need to continue learning and changing.  I am.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;For integrated UI testing by developers and QA&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Drive change with the common theme of where, how and when QA tests, to emphasize the change in testing close to production - a characteristic of waterfall - to testing as part of development as required by Agile development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Where:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with production  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;move to testing staging  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;move to testing locally  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;How:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initially start with QA testing manually to learn the domain and workflows and learn any existing bugs or 'features'.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then move to simple UI automation with scripts and gui IDE tools.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then move to programmatic solutions using web driver  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then expand to multi-device and browser testing with both physical devices and remote services.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;When:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start by testing current production  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move to also testing a staging environment for code about to be released  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move to also testing Pull Requests before they are merged into master  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move to also testing alongside development and planning testing before development starts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-30T18:17:42.533" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T18:17:42.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13428" CreationDate="2015-06-12T12:09:13.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;During each iteration for each story I like to-do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During planning: Are we building the correct feature? I try to look from a user perspective instead of a technical&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During development: Prepare test-data, pair program with developers and question UX of new developments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After development: Risk analyses with a code review, do the unit-test cover all the changes? Did we hit something else that is brittle?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing of the new functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create at-least one or two automated GUI tests from the knowledge of the exploratory testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write, update and &quot;test&quot; user documentation. Testing here is both grammar, but also question if it is understandable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggest reads: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Book: &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Blog: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thoughtworks.com/de/insights/blog/qa-role-what-it-really&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The QA Role - What Is It Really?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T12:09:13.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5" CreationDate="2015-06-12T13:09:08.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes , I have wrote a test case of Web application , Mobile Application according to the requirement and also module wise.To write the Test cases different format we are using, but in which some field is required to write the test cases.Commonly to write the test case we can use the excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o9IV6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See above image of the test case , in which Test case description , Expected Result , Actual result,precondition field should be required.Into the test case remember that Expected and Actual Result should be same. Into the Mobile Application define all field also required into write mobile App test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2015-06-12T13:14:24.723" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T13:14:24.723" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-06-12T13:09:08.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5" CreationDate="2015-06-12T14:10:29.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ArrangeActAssert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the AAA pattern&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test name:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arrange&lt;/strong&gt; all necessary preconditions and inputs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Act&lt;/strong&gt; on the object or method under test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assert&lt;/strong&gt; that the expected results have occurred.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although designed for Unit-Tests. I think it covers all you need also for manual test-cases. Creating asserts for each step in your Act seems overkill, although sometimes I want to be sure that after the Arrange something is in a certain state and I do add Asserts in the Act for this reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep your tests small and short and try to keep the least number of Asserts as possible. Try to keep the Act steps to a maximum of 10 or try to split up the test in multiple cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't see a need for a notes field, since that is what the defect tracker is for. If a test-case fails report it! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-12T14:24:02.093" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T14:24:02.093" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-06-12T14:10:29.427" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13438" CreationDate="2015-06-12T17:41:18.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As Kirby said, realistic servers and realistic data. It might be necessary or desirable to scrub personal data from the staging system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A way to add specific test data in an easy, reliable way. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I wouldn't want QA to manage the system. Better if it is done by the same people who manage the productive system, or unintentional differences might creep in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give some thoughts where it stands relative to your firewalls. Does it have to be inside or outside?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastActivityDate="2015-06-12T17:41:18.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13425" CreationDate="2015-06-13T14:06:43.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the request which returns that HTML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If response is not XHTML-compliant check &lt;code&gt;Use Tidy&lt;/code&gt; box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reference Name: arbitrary JMeter Variable name, i.e. &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XPath Query: &lt;code&gt;//a[text()='TestIndia1']/ancestor::*/tr/@id&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refer the extracted value as &lt;code&gt;${ID}&lt;/code&gt; where required. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Useful links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath 1.0 Language Specification&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-xpath-extractor-jmeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using the XPath Extractor in JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-06-13T14:06:43.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-13T16:50:16.867" Score="2" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of quality requirements (also known as &lt;em&gt;non-functional requirements&lt;/em&gt;) that have been explored over the years both in theory and practice. Examples are: &lt;em&gt;performance&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;security&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;reliability&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over the last decade, the field of software development has increasingly paid attention to &lt;em&gt;User Experience (UX)&lt;/em&gt;, as an emerging software quality that can act as one competitive edge for the software products and services. Still, many software development organizations face challenges in finding a suitable way to approach &lt;em&gt;UX&lt;/em&gt;, and keep that on the agenda together with other quality requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my view, understanding similarities and differences between &lt;em&gt;UX&lt;/em&gt; and more explored quality requirements can be one first step in addressing the challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are the similarities and differences between &lt;em&gt;UX&lt;/em&gt; (as a software quality) and more explored quality requirements (such as security, performance, reliability, etc.)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate if you include concrete examples in your 'answers' when you compare the latter two categories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12342" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-13T14:02:00.463" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T08:26:33.527" Title="What are the similarities and differences between UX as a software quality and other quality requirements?" Tags="&lt;non-functional&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12425" CreationDate="2015-06-13T18:39:07.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are at least 2 easy-to-use stub tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/clafonta/Mockey/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mockey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mocky.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mocky&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (for single responses only)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They both have GUI. Take a look.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-06-13T18:39:07.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13462" CreationDate="2015-06-13T19:11:32.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;more explored quality requirements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know that I'd consider &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=3&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0CCkQFjACahUKEwib8Yjnq43GAhXFN4gKHRbLAC4&amp;amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUser_experience&amp;amp;ei=Hnx8VZvqBcXvoASWloPwAg&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNHf38m1K8zenXZVIixCb2jMaLGBzQ&amp;amp;sig2=R6tB0VKfBsjgppue_rXM_Q&amp;amp;bvm=bv.95515949,d.cGU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Experience&lt;/a&gt; to be less explored than security or performance or any other category of software quality; maybe just newer. I'm no expert and I've only read a few books on the subject but I see more and more resources coming available on the topic. As for it being a requirement with equal footing to other quality categories, I think that's very dependent on the &lt;strong&gt;project environment&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what are the similarities and differences between UX (as a software&#xA;  quality) and more explored quality requirements (such as security,&#xA;  performance, reliability, etc.)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we look at a model like the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/htsm.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quality Criteria categories of the HTSM&lt;/a&gt;, we can see &lt;strong&gt;Usability&lt;/strong&gt; (or how easy is it for a real user to use the product?) as one of the ten categories of quality we might consider important for a given project or product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In fact if you've never viewed the Quality Criteria categories, I'd suggest you start there. You can probably generate a list of similarities and differences between many of them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My impression&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UX &lt;em&gt;seems&lt;/em&gt; like a far more salient subject for software developers to understand, especially when compared to something more nebulous like security. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For example, depending on the application, security can be a very important dimension of quality (think protecting user passwords, credit card numbers, etc.) but building and testing for security is a very difficult thing. How many different ways can some hacker or tester get access to a user's password?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UX by it's vary nature is more visual and more noticeable. As a consequence I think it's also easier to test for (or at least gives the impression of being easier to test for). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-06-13T19:11:32.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13462" CreationDate="2015-06-14T00:06:47.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think UX is often miss-interpreted as design. Design is often an acquainted taste and therefor it is pretty much untestable, but usability testing is something different. It is important that user can use the product with only minimal training, but more important it should feel logical and non repetitive within the users &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mental model&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During evaluation of a new products, I spend less time thinking about possible security and or performance issues, then if it delivers what I expect from it. If the user experience is bad, I do how ever question if the product will also lack in the other departments. I think that UX therefor also functions as a form of marketing of the products reliability, although it might be irrelevant, it might set the tone of my thought process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like security and or performance testing, usability testing is often not performed at all unless a client asks for it or when issues have arisen in the field recently. Its relatively expensive and the return on investment feels very low. The sales team can't sell a product without the needed features. They can sell stuff that is insecure, slow and which has a horrible user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user experience is the one thing that is most in your face and will make users happy far more then security and performance, unless your a bank. Since users do not care about security. Performance is only relevant if they know better and faster systems, but if its the only tool for the job often they will probably accept slowness as well. But extra clicks, ohboy! A chance of getting &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RSI&lt;/a&gt;, help! This is a real issue for most user groups. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good read is &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.nl/books/about/Rocket_Surgery_Made_Easy.html?id=9Q3OQVyX_-QC&amp;amp;redir_esc=y&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rocket Surgery Made Easy: The Do-It-Yourself Guide to Finding and Fixing Usability Problems&lt;/a&gt;, it suggests a solid strategy to find usability issues with only a fair amount of effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not really sure you can compare security, performance, reliability and usability testing. They all cover a different aspects of the software product lifecycle. Also the people who are concerned about these &quot;requirements&quot; topics have different roles and responsibilities within most companies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security: System administrators and public relations (due to privacy issues)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance: System admins, users and managers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliability: Legal department&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability: Users and (efficiency) managers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would wonder how can we estimate the risk of each group and where should we focus our efforts on. Development teams are always under time pressure, making their main similarity a question of can we afford to skip this type of testing or can we not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T08:26:33.527" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T08:26:33.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9874" CreationDate="2015-06-14T08:59:19.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check this link &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingbrain.com/tutorials/soapui-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingbrain.com/tutorials/soapui-tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt; . There you can find some pdf tutorials about SoapUI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12345" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T08:59:19.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13469" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-14T14:12:09.400" Score="1" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;A company I've started working for uses a QA process I haven't come across before, and it seems flawed to me. I'm keen to know what we should do to fix this process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use a JIRA workflow. After our developers have sent a new/fixed software item to QA, we will fail the item if the new/fixed functionality is incorrect. We will also fail the item if regression testing fails, indicating that the change has introduced a new bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I haven't come across before is our process if any of the following come to light during  testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A baseline bug is discovered (i.e., a bug that was already present in the software before the new version was created);&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The usability of a new feature is realized not to be ideal, so that although the new version meets the specification, we need to specify it differently and make a new change to the software;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A new business requirement comes to light, such that we need to re-spec and make a new change to the software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In cases like these we are encouraged by management not to create a new work item, so we &#xA;regularly have to return such items to the developers as &quot;failed&quot; in order for the new software change to be made. This makes it somewhat complicated to keep track of changes in JIRA, as any one JIRA item can become somewhat confusing, with different issues at different stages of completion logged against the one item, whose title may no longer be meaningful in the context of the current focus. Also it does create bad feeling with the developers, who understandably feel their fix has not &quot;failed&quot;, and can even end up being disciplined by the company for items taking longer to develop than originally estimated, or the number of times their items have been returned as failed from QA .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What change should we make to our QA process to overcome this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12348" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T16:08:18.633" Title="The meaning of failure - what is the flaw in our process?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13469" CreationDate="2015-06-14T14:56:30.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We can't tell you how to fix your process because it depends on your own circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, this does not sound like a hard problem solve.  It sounds as if your Jira configuration is not expressive enough for your workflow.  If it were me, I would do start by &lt;strong&gt;getting agreement on which workflow problems need fixing&lt;/strong&gt;.  It sounds as if you already have an opinion about that.  Some problems are probably more urgent than others, so it would help to prioritize them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, you need to &lt;strong&gt;decide whether to address those issues in Jira&lt;/strong&gt;.  I believe you can add fields and customize the workflow in Jira.  You might also decide that some things don't belong in Jira.  For example, you might choose to keep the feature list in Confluence instead.  Of course you haven't said whether someone is available to customize Jira.  If not, you will need to solve the problem in some other way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T14:56:30.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-14T20:40:17.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;where I was just asked to create a test, I needed to define a requirement,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not true, requirements are not mandatory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;associate things here and there&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what things are you talking about? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;create a test plan &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hmm test plans are not an strange thing, and in addition: how many time do you need to create a test plan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it will be good to understand what your etc includes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That is a huge overhead on the test management side for someone who is just asked to perform a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to create the following elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Test Project                  (time needed: less than 1 min)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) at least 1 Test Suite         (time needed: less than 1 min)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) all test cases you need       (time needed: depends of level of detail)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) at least 1 Test Plan          (time needed: less than 1 min)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) at least 1 Build              (time needed: less than 1 min)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) link test cases to Test Plan  (time needed: less than 1 min)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are ready to run your test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12353" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2015-06-15T11:16:23.900" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T11:16:23.900" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-14T20:48:33.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ok, first of all it's a freeware tool, but then...? &#xA;  How could I first convince &#xA;  myself and then my boss to use TestLink instead of something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As other people have said, you first need to understand what are you looking for then you can write down a comparison matrix between all test management tools you are evaluating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, after filling the matrix, you will be able to find for yourself the answer you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28585130/matrix-comparison-between-spiratest-and-testlink-test-management-tools&quot;&gt;Matrix Comparison between Spiratest and Testlink Test Management Tools&lt;/a&gt; as an example/starting point&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12353" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T11:16:00.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7420" CreationDate="2015-06-14T21:04:19.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just changed Erki M. code a bit, it worked perfectly with me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void waitForAjax(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(driver, 180).until(new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;        public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;            return (Boolean) js.executeScript(&quot;return jQuery.active == 0&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    });&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12354" LastActivityDate="2015-06-14T21:04:19.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13474" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-15T05:13:19.320" Score="3" ViewCount="15200" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been keep on getting NoSuchElementException whenever I try to get an web element. I know that the web element becomes present after some time. So, I've explicitly waited for 5-10 seconds until the web element gets loaded but even then I am still getting NoSuchElementException. Does anyone know how to prevent this exception? Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;String s=System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;);&#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, s+&quot;\\Chrome090615\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;ChromeDriver driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;try{&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://site21.way2sms.com/content/index.html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='username']&quot;).sendKeys(&quot;9XXXXXXXXX&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='password']&quot;).sendKeys(&quot;XXXX&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='loginBTN']&quot;).click();&#xA;    if(driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='ebFrm']/div[2]/div[1]/input&quot;).isDisplayed()==true)&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='ebFrm']/div[2]/div[1]/input&quot;).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    else {&#xA;        new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;ebFrm&quot;)));&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Waiting for 5 secs&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    boolean ispresent=driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='sendSMS']/a&quot;).isDisplayed();&#xA;    driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='sendSMS']/a&quot;).click();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Clicked sendSms&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='sendSMS']/a&quot;).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm getting exception for the &lt;strong&gt;'sendSMS'&lt;/strong&gt; id. Whenever it tries to find this element, it throws NoSuchElementException all the time!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12359" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T11:01:06.300" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T13:55:30.910" Title="Selenium Webdriver: No such element exception even though element gets available after waiting for some time" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13474" CreationDate="2015-06-15T05:26:37.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, wait for the element you'll be clicking. Right now you're waiting for a different element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/selenium-wait-until-element-is-present&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/selenium-wait-until-element-is-present&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, if you still get that error, the ID is probably wrong and thus not actually present on the page (in the same frame).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And why do you use XPath to locate by ID? Using &lt;code&gt;findElementById&lt;/code&gt; is much cleaner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T05:26:37.727" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13469" CreationDate="2015-06-15T05:34:54.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second and third bullet points are arguably not bugs at all. They're new feature requests. Invent a list where &lt;strong&gt;anyone&lt;/strong&gt; -- testers, programmers, marketing, subject matter experts -- can suggest a new feature. Sticky notes on a wall will do. That new request gets prioritized like any other request. (By contrast, a policy might be that regression bugs &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be fixed at once.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the first bullet point, Jira has a relation called &quot;discovered while testing&quot;. That means you have the bug in the system, and you can track when/why it was found, but you don't imply the bug is with the new feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T05:34:54.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-15T07:27:41.727" Score="0" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;IEDriver: 2.39, 2.46, Selenium WebDriver: 2.45. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is whenever I try to execute the scripts in IE browser the browser fluctuates during the script execution. I tried with a couple of IE drivers and Selenium WebDrivers but no use. Could anyone provide me the solution for this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-11-29T07:40:15.387" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T07:28:41.347" Title="IE browser shakes when launched by the webdriver script" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1624" CreationDate="2015-06-15T09:19:26.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw this blog has some Open Source project links.  These are Desktop applications where you can get involve and improve your testing skills.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://payilagam.com/blogs/software-testing-training-with-top-4-live-projects/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://payilagam.com/blogs/software-testing-training-with-top-4-live-projects/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12347" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T09:19:26.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12527" CreationDate="2015-06-15T10:17:20.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To put it simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA is a &lt;strong&gt;process&lt;/strong&gt;-oriented activity - evaluation, review and improvement of processes across the software development life cycle. Better processes=&gt;better product (quality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QC (Quality Control) is &lt;strong&gt;product&lt;/strong&gt;-oriented and involves dynamic testing and static techniques such as reviews, inspections etc. Products are e.g. specifications, design documents, code itself, database models etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is not a QA activity. However, it provides inputs (e.g. root cause analysis of an issue might discover a problem in the development processes) and therefore they are related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically speaking, quality analyst would be someone doing QA activities..or it can be someone dealing with non-functional requirements (qualities) of the system.&#xA;In the end, it always depend on the company and its culture. I have seen so many companies calling manual testers &quot;QA Analysts&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T10:17:20.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11715" CreationDate="2015-06-15T11:10:15.110" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are no. of good reasons you can share to become / shift to Testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Tester can get the complete application knowledge whereas A developer, though they are good in a particular module, cannot get complete knowledge of the application most of the times.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Tester, after having years of experience - can have two ways to travel - either in Testing or as a Business Analyst.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Tester can work as an end user, where he / she can enjoy the real functionalities of the application.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12347" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T11:10:15.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13369" CreationDate="2015-06-15T11:57:18.617" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had started  my career as QA trainee. So , If you want to make your career in QA field, then join as trainer or intern and try to get an experience as trainee ,also understand the testing methodologies and technical  how to find  issue and focus on our product /service Quality. Try to familiar with the QA Developer Tools like the Selenium, JUnit etc. After Getting some Experience you can definitely start your career as Testing Engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T11:57:18.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12630" CreationDate="2015-06-15T12:35:26.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component testing&lt;/strong&gt; is that in which we test those test objects which are separately testable as a isolated unit without integrating with other components (e.g. modules, programs, objects, classes, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing of separate software component is known as &lt;strong&gt;component testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component Testing&lt;/strong&gt; is considered as the Module Testing, because we are testing each module or component differently and effectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose there is only an one project which consists of 10 components and we are testing each component differently and effectively than it is known as component testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A group of component is known as &lt;strong&gt;module testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component testing&lt;/strong&gt; is fulfilled by programmers on the code written by them and with the support of development environment, such as a unit test structure or debugging tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component Testing Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Example there are two web pages. In one of the web pages there are a many certain fields like username, address, mobile no. etc in which data has to be entered.  In the other (second) web page also there are certain fields which carry forward the data from the first page. Testing the functionality of these individual pages is called Component Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can write test case of component like as below snap format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VVHws.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2015-06-15T12:48:40.567" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T12:48:40.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13487" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-15T13:04:23.643" Score="5" ViewCount="1000" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the best approach to make test data configurable ? Through XML file or properties file or any other way. But must not be hard coded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What approach should be taken to run the same Test Suit multiple times with   different test data ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suppose I want to test login functionality with different type of user like Admin , Customer, Manager and many more.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to write test in selenium. Which approach is best ? Is there different test data file for same test suit or single file of all user ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12364" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-15T14:01:07.287" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T17:54:40.810" Title="Generate test data in which format" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12527" CreationDate="2015-06-15T13:14:25.253" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software quality analyst&lt;/strong&gt; is responsible for applying the principles and practices of software quality assurance throughout the software development life cycle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the tasks of software quality analysts are:[citation needed]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Participate in QMS management review meetings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Approves the QMS documents of which QA manager is the main author.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Undertake internal quality audits.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plan and conduct quality audits of subcontractors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintain and update training and audit databases to provide reports /   indicators for discussion during QMS management review meetings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify problems or deficiencies in products and QMS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resolve problems QMS implementation issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform Internal Quality Audit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Participate in External Quality Audit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Track all the software related metrics in terms of schedule,effort,defects etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the model followed by project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software Tester :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A technician who conducts prescribed tests on software programs and applications prior to their implementation to ensure quality, design integrity and proper functionality. They apply rigorous testing methods including extensive end-user simulations to uncover program &quot;bugs&quot; which are then eliminated by the software programmers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T13:14:25.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13487" CreationDate="2015-06-15T14:21:54.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you want to do Data Binding (also called Data Driven Testing). You can parse a CSV file and have your test run as many times as there are rows in the file. Each row can have columns for username and password. You will need to add appropriate logging so that when a test 'fails' you know which iteration it failed on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you read in the csv file depends on your language of choice, but in general working with csv is easier than xls/xlsx.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T14:21:54.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13487" CreationDate="2015-06-15T14:22:25.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all:There is no best approach. There are just several approaches and you have to decide which one is your favorite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;What is the best approach to make test data configurable ? Through XML file or properties file or any other way. But must not be hard&#xA;  coded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like it to put the test data in properties files, read the data and put them into objects. e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;user.admin = user1#password1&#xA;user.manager = user2#password2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would create a &lt;code&gt;User&lt;/code&gt; class that is able to contain the needed data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my point of view, properties files are really easy to read (e.g.: Java already have a class to handle them.). With comments, some space lines and good key names they can also be easy to read and maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can give it a try, but in the end you should decide which is the best way to organize your property files and the keys in them. I do not know how the architecture of your testing framework is, so this is also a important point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;What approach should be taken to run the same Test Suit multiple times with different test data ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There exist different approaches I know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a set of different test data (multiple property fies) and made it configurable. You could have a test run configuration. You need a properties file, which contains the current test run configuration. You can set the config via Maven and/or Jenkins.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can work with the power of randomess. E.g. for your accounts: &lt;code&gt;users.admin = user1#password1; user2#password2; user3#password3&lt;/code&gt; Now you can pick one of these accounts randomly. The negative point on this is, that theoretical can happen that several runs in a row use the same data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For both approaches you need to log which test data was used, so that you are able to check passed and failed test cases with the correct data and that you can read the result on the right way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T14:22:25.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17204" CreationDate="2015-06-15T15:45:32.957" Score="1" ViewCount="3325" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a little bit confused in &lt;code&gt;testNG&lt;/code&gt; assertion methods. My question is simple - is there any difference between &lt;code&gt;Assert.assertTrue&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Assertion&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean difference between following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertTrue(true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assertion hardAssert = new Assertion();&#xA;hardAssert.assertTrue(true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And why we need multiple ways to do checks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12313" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T11:52:18.413" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T20:04:05.460" Title="TestNG + java. Difference between Assert.assertTrue and Assertion?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-15T16:32:55.910" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, you say in a comment that it would have been easier to make a Word document. If your test needs are indeed so simple that a Word document fulfils them, then you don't need TestLink or any other test management tool. But just as most organisations that try to use Word/Excel as their issue-management tool soon discover the drawbacks, so they also discover the disadvantages of using them for test management for all but the smallest of projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On your specific points: you don't need to define a requirement. Yes, you need to define a project, plan and build, but that isn't very complex. Certainly it isn't after you've done it once. It's probably fair to say there is room for improvement in the documentation, but IME that applies to most tools, both paid and free. &quot;Bad usability&quot; is a judgement call; I wouldn't agree with it, although the UI is indeed not cutting-edge. It is indeed true that building custom reports is not easy. But until very recently I found the standard reports entirely sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes TestLink so widely accepted? (apart from being free). I can only answer from my own experience. I found it pretty easy to learn and have found it reliable. Installation was straightforward and mature compared to a couple of competitors I investigated. There's a lot in it: I've used it at three organisations and so far it has had all the functions we needed. YMMV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12365" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T16:32:55.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13487" CreationDate="2015-06-15T17:33:54.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many, many approaches, each having its pros and cons when it comes to simplicity of reading, easiness of modifying data, easiness of modifying data schema (refactoring), easiness of parsing data, type of data you want to model. &#xA;If you were I would experiment. I would pickup the simplest approach (properties) to see if fits your problem. Here's the list of more approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Properties file&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: simple&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: schema-less - you need to write your own parser if you want to model more complex data structures (e.g. subproperties or multi-dimensional data)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CSV&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: models well tabular data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: may not be sufficient for more complex data structures&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XML&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: self-descriptive, models well tree-like data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: Very verbose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spring-based XML&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: All pros of XML + binding for refactoring and editing from IDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: like in XML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JSON, YAML&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: Good trade-off between self-descriptiveness and conciness&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DB&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: Centralized access, though everything above can be centralized (+versioned) using any versioning system&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: Hard to refactor, when you want to change schema, requires opening SQL client each time you want to modify it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Beans in your programming language&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: Tightly bound to your test code but still not hard-coded, easy to refactor together with your test scripts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: Sometimes to verbose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-06-15T17:54:40.810" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T17:54:40.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13076" CreationDate="2015-06-15T17:38:30.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In general, a test case is a pair of an input and an expected output&#xA;  (or as many books say, it mostly has just a single step: do sth and&#xA;  check it). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test case or a simply &quot;a test&quot; is an experiment we run in order to reveal some information about a product or service. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;one often has to follow certain actions/steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only if you are taking the approach of (heavily) scripted testing. For example if you take more exploratory approach you try several different ways to test an upload file size limit. For more research look at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9303/exploratory-testing/10096#10096&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But most testers do the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most testers where? That you work with? Again I would imagine most people who do testing take a primarily exploratory approach. I don't have any hard evidence of this but in my experience and from those I talk to (including a lot of programmers), they tend to work in a more natural form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should test cases contain more than one step with expected result?&#xA;  What is the usage of steps then, does it really make sense to use them&#xA;  as I describe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to guess I'd say you are using a &quot;test management system&quot; that lists things out in a scripted way? The truth, is not every test you are going to run will have an expected output because you may not have any way to understand what Oracle is appropriate. (An Oracle is a way to recognize a problem.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T17:38:30.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-15T20:08:44.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it´s because the Testlink is constantly updating and suit to the new test trends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my companie we used the Testlink for manager all test project a few years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The friendly usability and strong performance grow up the Testlink to the best tool available. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12368" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T20:08:44.753" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13469" CreationDate="2015-06-15T20:33:51.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is always wiggle-room with these sorts of points, but I would say you are correct in thinking that the first and third issues should be treated as new issues (bug and feature request respectively). Including logically separate issues in one JIRA issue is only a good idea if they are so tightly bound that neither one can reasonably be fixed without fixing the other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the second one, it depends. If it's a question of the users coming up with a bright new idea, then probably better to make it a new feature. If on the other hand (and I have met this frequently) a programmer manages to fulfil the letter of a specification while severely misunderstanding the spirit of it, then I can understand people asking to get it sorted within the scope of the same issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HOWEVER: I have seen this sort of &quot;stuff it in the same issue&quot; mentality arise as a result of excessively rigid release procedures which insist that the definitive list of issues in a release has to be fixed in advance. If that is the situation you are in, then &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; is the problem that needs to be fixed first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all cases, a spirit of co-operation between the different groups and a desire to produce a good result is worth much more than the precise details of the formal procedures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12365" LastActivityDate="2015-06-15T20:33:51.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-16T03:10:19.710" Score="2" ViewCount="1786" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 8 years experience in manual testing. I've just gotten interested in automation testing now. Just wanted to know if learning selenium at this point of my career will add value. If yes, then in what way will it help me to grow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12370" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T15:11:25.087" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T22:40:30.430" Title="Will learning selenium add value to my career?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-06-16T03:20:06.220" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you should move to automation after this great experience in manual testing. I think you are little bit late , Tester should move to automation as soon as possible for strong career. Many tester move to automation just after 1-2 years experience in manual testing. It is depends on opportunity for automation and interest of tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your decision is good but first of all you should have following when you are thinking to move for automation and especially for selenium :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 - Good logic development skill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 - Interest in programming&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 - Basic command over any one programming language from selenium&#xA;  supported [Java,Python,Ruby,Php,c#]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you move and start for automation , It will help in following way to your career :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 - Salary package is high for automation tester rather than manual&#xA;  tester&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 - You will have many good scope for career based on automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 - Automation testing will help you to save time and efforts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-06-16T06:10:32.897" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T06:10:32.897" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13375" CreationDate="2015-06-16T06:57:38.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm finding in the UK more recruitment agencies are asking for ISEB/ISTQB Foundation Certificate, not sure whether this is required by companies using them, or they are using it as a 'quality gauge'. Agencies tend to know little or nothing about testing so this may be their only tool at their disposal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May be possible that having a certificate means you get an interview for a role and if you aren't you don't?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been in testing for 20+ years (and I've never need or felt the urge to sit one of the exams) IMHO based on colleagues I've worked with, I wouldn't be able to tell who was and wasn't certified unless I had interviewed them and in was on their CV/Resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T06:57:38.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-16T07:15:12.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We started our research on the tool which I could integrate with JIRA and came to a conclusion that testlink is free tool and why we do not try it. &#xA;After comparing some of the paid tools, I found TESTLINK is the best one to go with. &#xA;I integrated successfully and later started exploring testlink end to end according to my knowledge it helped us in mapping from test link with ticket in JIRA. &#xA;I was able to work with all the set of test management activities. &#xA;I was also able to saggregate my test cases with different configurations and there was no hard work required to rewrite but instead I was able to create a &quot; platform &quot; &amp;amp; this feature is provided in testlink and was able to run test cases successfully. &#xA;This was very imp for us as QA as we have to work on different devices and environments. &#xA;When the reports were generated then I could be able to customize with which my customer would see it in the format as required. Newer version is flexible and faster than the older one. &#xA;Last but not the least its a FREE TOOL which has great features !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6879" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T07:15:12.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-06-16T07:16:50.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of-course it will add value, automated testing is partly programming. Understanding the challenges the developers have while making software products you test is very good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With 8 years of experience you could be under 30 or 55+ in age, depending on how old you are I would decide if you want to learn programming skills and pick it up or not. Also even if test automation will not become your primary work, you might need to hire and or work with &quot;Software engineers in Test&quot; and understanding their work might greatly enhance insights in the work you do and not do as a manual tester in a team where tests are also automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-19T18:12:26.523" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T18:12:26.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13506" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-16T07:57:48.643" Score="1" ViewCount="639" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a test case is assigned to the person who maintains the test and a tester gets associated with a test point, which is a specific configuration of a test, then how does the tester know which tests they should be running?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can't query a tester field or have an assigned to me equivalent for tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like a big oversight in this tool or I'm just using it in the wrong way. I know that you can filter in Test Manager to a specific tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm struggling to understand how you can manager a team of testers, if they can't see what tests they need to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference, I have already read: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29614300/can-i-query-on-the-tester-field-in-tfs&quot;&gt;Can I query on the tester field in TFS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:47:42.770" Title="Viewing test points (instance of a test case) associated with a tester in TFS (MS Test Professional)" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-06-16T10:57:41.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Learning new technical things will definitely boost your career.  That too, a free software like Selenium with huge employment, will certainly uplift the career ladder.  A&#xA;* Your experience will help to manage teams.  If you know Automation, you could drive a team with automation skills as well.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;* There are no. of onsite chances (if you wish to go to abroad) which is added benefit here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One necessary thing here is - Learning Automation or Selenium should be your own interest (as you stated).  This decision should not be taken for job openngs which may end up with spoiling the total career. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12347" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T10:57:41.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-06-16T15:49:34.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried programming in some languages easy for beginners, like Python? Did you like it? If you did, adding test automation to your skills is positive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you did not like programming, adding skills for a job you do not enjoy will make you miserable and makes no sense. You may consider becoming a test manager instead (or continue to be an even better manual tester). Or consider learning usability design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium means writing (and debugging) programs. Many smart people do not want to be programmers, and are perfectly fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T13:04:10.737" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T13:04:10.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13453" CreationDate="2015-06-16T16:07:53.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not expert on responsive design for mobile devices, but AFAIK most differences should be different CSS styling for the same HTML, using same locators for all page formats. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you have a valid point that some CSS might i.e. hide navigation for small screen into button (requiring extra click to expand it if present). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approach which I would consider (we are not there yet, but getting closer): Each pageobject has method to perform activities, which would behave the same for the pageobject user (hiding the differences between platforms). If activity needs special handling, in ideal world this should be detected by presence of extra button on some platforms, and click it if needed to implement the behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's see opinion of experts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T16:07:53.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13512" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13564" CreationDate="2015-06-16T16:11:23.737" Score="6" ViewCount="3758" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying to understand the standards (ISO) but so far, I find it very confusing.&#xA;50% of books state Functionality naturally belongs under Functional requirements, while the other 50% state that Functionality, as a quality factor, deals with non-funtional aspects of functionality. Some just show a list of NFRs and include Functionality (ISO9127) or Functional suitability (ISO25010), some exclude them explicitly.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; What is correct? If these quality models are to present quality factors, those should be truly non-functional but it contradicts the definitions in ISO itself (Degree to which a product or system provides functions that meet stated and implied needs when used under specified conditions = isnt clearly functional?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example from Google Books - I really do not understand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Full model of software quality consists of following &lt;strong&gt;non-functional&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  qualities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;Functional suitability&lt;/strong&gt;: Degree to which a product or system provides functions that meet stated and implied needs (&lt;strong&gt;functional&#xA;  requirements&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what does the above definiton say? That non-functional characteristic is actually functional?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But in most sources, Functional suitability is considered NFR..one of the many is shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C5iiy.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others say that ISO25010 do not address functional requirements at all...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT: So I believe those claiming that this standard deals with functionality are truly wrong, in the ISO document, I found the following:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The scope of the models excludes purely functional properties (see&#xA;  C.6), but it does include functional suitability (see 4.2.1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="2740" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T16:06:21.410" LastActivityDate="2020-05-07T09:44:18.103" Title="Requirements confusion - Functional suitability as Non-functional characteristic (ISO25010)" Tags="&lt;standards&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13439" CreationDate="2015-06-16T16:21:35.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trac&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TRAC&lt;/a&gt;. It free/open source integrated wiki for documentation, bug tracker, subversion/Git/mercurial/... code repository, and code viewer. Code viewer is smart enough to parse comments in code and correctly interpret them as hyperlinks to docs or bug tracker. Comments in bug tracker can expands to changeset, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atlassian wiki (confluence) is very unlike other wiki (adding styles formatting to plain text (markdown), so text is more complex to reuse (or use by outside tools). Usually you get better and more flexible tools from open source community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-06-26T19:43:56.750" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T19:43:56.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13512" CreationDate="2015-06-16T20:16:47.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can think of a product as someone's attempt to satisfy a list of requirements.  Ideally, those requirements are someone's attempt to solve an actual problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a myopic point of view, QA is about verifying that a product satisfies requirements.  But the definition quoted in the question points to a deeper definition of quality: whether a product actually solves the original problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-06-17T01:10:59.457" LastActivityDate="2015-06-17T01:10:59.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-06-16T21:23:01.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience, Yes. It definitely helped my career. I was recently in the job market and in my area all of the good jobs wanted automation experience.  If QA is the path you want to continue to follow I would suggest learning Selenium with either Python, Java, or C#. Those are the 3 you will see most often. As someone stated above, salaries are higher and a lot more opportunities over manual testing. Search for QA jobs in your area and see what the requirements are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11693" LastActivityDate="2015-06-16T21:23:01.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13530" CreationDate="2015-06-16T21:59:15.007" Score="3" ViewCount="429" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of surrounding companies are adopting a testing framework called &lt;strong&gt;Protractor&lt;/strong&gt;, I am wondering if anyone has any advice on where to get started with this automation tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T16:33:47.913" Title="Looking for protractor resources, wanting to get into this automation tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13517" CreationDate="2015-06-17T02:44:38.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard from co-workers JavaScript isn't the easiest language to use with Web Driver and protractor is based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://testautomation.applitools.com/post/94994807787/protractor-vs-selenium-which-is-easier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web Driver&lt;/a&gt;. Something about all the asynchronous calls. You might try web driver with Ruby. Sauce Labs has a Bootcamp available for &lt;a href=&quot;http://info.saucelabs.com/SeleniumBootcampLP.html?utm_source=sqe&amp;amp;utm_medium=em&amp;amp;utm_campaign=sebootcamp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;free&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10656" LastActivityDate="2015-06-17T02:44:38.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13439" CreationDate="2015-06-17T03:00:48.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though you specifically say you want separation of responsibilities I'll go ahead and recommend to you &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.informup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;InformUp&lt;/a&gt; which is a full-featured ALM with requirements management, test case management, bug tracking and built-in wiki. By the way, as an ex-Microsoft stack person you say you are, you'll be right at home with InformUp's IIS based stack. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want to stick to separation though, I'll recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/youtrack/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YouTrack&lt;/a&gt; (by JetBrains) as the bug tracker and SquashTM as the management suite.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YouTrack is, in my experience, everything Jira is in terms of abilities and has the added bonus of having a 10-user free package (opposed to Jira's 10 user for 10$ package. Why pay, even 10$, when you can get the same quality for free?)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.squashtest.org/en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SquashTM&lt;/a&gt;, though I doubt many have heard about it, I know I didn't until few months ago, is a rock-solid (in my 2 months of use experience) management suite with everything you need.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having numbered my tools I would recommend using ALM (central management and bug-tracking tool) 10 times out of 10 in favor of separate management and bug-tracking tools -- it's easier, more centralized, more controllable. For me, I gave up InformUp exactly due to it being IIS-bound where both YouTrack and SquashTM also offer Linux compatibility (and I'm a Linux fan, alas :)). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12386" LastEditorUserId="12386" LastEditDate="2015-06-18T19:42:54.827" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T19:42:54.827" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12183" CreationDate="2015-06-17T08:11:20.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; Here's a good guide &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-server-to-send-push-notifications-with-gcm-to-android-devices-using-python&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt; to send a single push notification using Python&lt;/a&gt; (look at &amp;quot;Step Five&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Step Four&amp;quot; sections).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; In order to send multiple messages at once you can use the simple bash script, like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for run in {1..10}; do&#xA;  python ~/test_push.py&#xA;done&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. More solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instead of python script you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://codingfingers.com/index.html%3Fp=11055.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this bash script for Android&lt;/a&gt; (there's also Ruby example how to send push to APNS).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also you may look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jleclanche/django-push-notifications#sending-messages-in-bulk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;django-push-notifications&lt;/a&gt; library.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-17T08:11:20.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13521" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13528" CreationDate="2015-06-17T08:25:48.630" Score="2" ViewCount="3369" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario in which I need to execute the selenium scripts through servlets. I mean I will get the same input from the front end (Web UI) by passing those values to selenium classes then I will execute those classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Created a servlet&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Created an object for selenium class and called the main function in the servlet post method&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But unfortunately, I am not getting any result or exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="7340" LastEditDate="2015-06-17T12:17:10.083" LastActivityDate="2020-08-04T16:55:37.507" Title="Executing the selenium script through servlets" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13522" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-17T09:02:39.623" Score="2" ViewCount="1775" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to find a solution for test automation for webbased &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GIS&lt;/a&gt;/mapping application that is using &lt;a href=&quot;http://openlayers.org/two/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OpenLayers 2.x&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://leafletjs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Leaflet&lt;/a&gt; as JavaScript libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm oriented on evaluate Selenium WebDriver (or other similar tools, suggestion? ...): are there somewhere examples / tutorials / experiences or similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-17T10:33:22.620" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T10:42:27.993" Title="Solution for Test Automation for web gis/mapping application?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13522" CreationDate="2015-06-17T10:43:28.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at the examples at their sites, I think using Selenium might be hard since the maps are rendered in images. Maybe a image based testing tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; is worth trying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have build a GIS system based on the Google Maps API in the past and we did successful test this with Selenium, but as Google uses canvas this was also not easy and straight forward and often resulted in brittle tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to get in contact with the developers (on GitHub) of these libraries and post some questions there how they would do end-2-end testing of their implemented framework for a client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also have a look how these libraries are testing them selves&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/openlayers/openlayers/tree/master/tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/openlayers/openlayers/tree/master/tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Leaflet/Leaflet/tree/master/spec&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Leaflet/Leaflet/tree/master/spec&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-06-17T10:43:28.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13521" CreationDate="2015-06-17T12:25:57.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best approach is save the values from the servlet to a Database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install &lt;code&gt;continuous Integration server&lt;/code&gt; like &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jenkins&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and create a Java project to check for new entries in database. Set cron job for this build. Actually Jenkins has all these features you just have to specify the time interval.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: If the time interval is set to 10 mins the script will run for every 10 mins . If new entries are present pass the build else fail the build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tePCe.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the build is passed then execute the selenium script. There is an option for it in Jenkins &amp;quot;Build after other projects are built&amp;quot;. In the Selenium script use the values from the database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mwIJy.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the database have a column like checkbox. Initially leave it unchecked update it after the selenium script has run.By this technique you can distinguish between new entries and old entries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Advantages of this approach (jenkins)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Build history of failures and successes of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;E-mail notifications can be set up. Then test reports will be sent to the specific e-mails after execution. Any build failure can be reported as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For more advantages of Jenkins look &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Jenkins+Best+Practices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently I've implemented a integrating servlet and Jenkins using the above technique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you... if you have any queries kindly get back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12351" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T06:37:24.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13525" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-17T12:44:43.993" Score="0" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to upload a file using Selenium on Windows 7 using AutoIt following this tutorial &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The web page I'm using is this one &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/automation-practice-form/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.toolsqa.com/automation-practice-form/&lt;/a&gt; (click on &quot;Choose File&quot; button ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you are my Java code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package practiceTestCases;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class AutoIt_00 {&#xA;&#xA;private static WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/automation-practice-form&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;photo&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;C:/Users/xxx/Desktop/testAutoIt_03.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&#xA;    //driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this is the AutoIt code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#region --- Au3Recorder generated code Start (v3.3.9.5 KeyboardLayout=00000410)  ---&#xA;WinWaitActive(&quot;C:\Users\520\Desktop\testAutoIt_03.au3 - SciTE&quot;,&quot;&quot;)&#xA;Send(&quot;{TAB}&quot;)&#xA;WinWaitActive(&quot;C:\Users\520\Desktop\testAutoIt_03.au3 * SciTE&quot;,&quot;&quot;)&#xA;Send(&quot;{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}&quot;)&#xA;WinWaitActive(&quot;Caricamento file&quot;,&quot;&quot;)&#xA;MouseClick(&quot;left&quot;,242,415,1)&#xA;Send(&quot;{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{TAB}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{DOWN}{UP}{UP}{UP}{ENTER}&quot;)&#xA;#endregion --- Au3Recorder generated code End ---&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried to move in the window where select my file using keyboard and not the mouse hoping to semplify my job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When execute the Java code it works, connect to the web site, open the window for the file choice but after this nothing happens ..... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you very much in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cesare&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastActivityDate="2015-06-17T12:44:43.993" Title="Upload file in Selenium using AutoIt?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-07-05T22:56:08.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13526" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13677" CreationDate="2015-06-17T14:10:44.610" Score="2" ViewCount="20030" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium Web Driver on Windows 7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to test a web application and I've to use a SSL certificate to enter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how to select the right certificate to use my application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm in this situation now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MPDrm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(NOTE: I've put also the AutoIt window to add some info .....)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7640/how-to-select-security-certificate-from-security-dialog&quot;&gt;How to select Security Certificate From security Dialog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found a good answer but I'm quite a newbye in Java so it's not so easy for me understand how to use this code that is exactly what I need to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone tell me which libraries I've to import? Or, some others alternatives?  Thank you very much in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T11:46:54.047" Title="Select SSL certificates using Selenium web Driver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-17T15:18:53.537" Score="1" ViewCount="1387" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to test (using selenium webdriver) if clicking a button causes the right file download dialog to appear. For the automated part of the test I don't have to download the actual file, checking the filename and the window title would be enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a first glance, I see no way to get this OS-specific dialog box. Do you know a way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two questions &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8274/selenium-wget-download-file&quot;&gt;selenium wget download file&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2197/how-to-download-a-file-using-seleniums-webdriver&quot;&gt;How to download a file using Selenium's WebDriver?&lt;/a&gt; are the opposite of my question -- I need the dialog, not the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit/Clarification&lt;/strong&gt;: The system under test has a button to download a file which gets saved with the native OS dialog, and the default filename in the dialog is set from the header in the server response. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated API test: Call the server, examine the header.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual (full) GUI test: Klick the button, save the file, examine the filename and the contents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated (limited) GUI test: Klick the button, examine the filename, abort. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third bullet point is the one I'm asking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-07-16T13:16:09.097" Title="Testing Download Dialog Box with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13521" CreationDate="2015-06-17T20:16:38.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have also added another solution which you wanted to implement ie) passing the values from the servlet post method to your selenium test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Download selenium java client driver &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/2.46/selenium-java-2.46.0.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extract the downloaded jar and add the selenium-java-2.46.0.jar and all the other jars in libs folder into /WEB-INF/lib folder of the deployed web app&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will add a basic script which i tested and was working fine as an example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Servlet post method&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp)throws ServletException,IOException&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        resp.setContentType(&quot;text/html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        String url=req.getParameter(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;       //add the parameters to be passed to the main method of the selenium test into a string array&#xA;&#xA;        String[] urls=new String[1];&#xA;&#xA;        urls[0]=url;&#xA;&#xA;        //pass the string array as an argument to the main method&#xA;&#xA;        Seleniumclass.main(urls);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SeleniumTest&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public class Seleniumclass {&#xA;&#xA;        public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;            driver.get(args[0]);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt; : You cannot call the testng test directly from the servlet post method like main method bcause testng is a testing framework but you can write the post values from a servlet to a file and then trigger the testng.xml file from your servlet program.In your selenium script read the values from file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trigger testng xml file&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestListenerAdapter adapter = new TestListenerAdapter();&#xA;&#xA;TestNG testng = new TestNG();&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; suites = Lists.newArrayList();&#xA;&#xA;//path to xml&#xA;&#xA;suites.add(&quot;/home/vicky/testng.xml&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;testng.setTestSuites(suites);&#xA;&#xA;testng.run();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you...if you still face any issues kindly get back&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12351" LastEditorUserId="12351" LastEditDate="2015-06-18T05:38:30.587" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T05:38:30.587" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13529" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-18T04:48:45.073" Score="2" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any tools to calculate Response for a class (RFC) metric for PHP?&#xA;Both &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.phpmetrics.org/documentation/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhpMetrics&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://pdepend.org/documentation/software-metrics/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PHP Depend&lt;/a&gt; don't support it.&#xA;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12393" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T04:48:45.073" Title="Response for a class (RFC) metric tools for PHP" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-01T23:15:48.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13517" CreationDate="2015-06-18T05:33:31.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a list of useful resources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://angular.github.io/protractor/#/tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Official Quick Start guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/tree/master/docs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Official Docs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kramnameloc.com/getting-started-with-protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Getting starting guide&lt;/a&gt; by Mark Colevan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ng-newsletter.com/posts/practical-protractor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Practical guide, with example application&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://product.moveline.com/testing-angular-apps-end-to-end-with-protractor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Some advanced techniques&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=idb6hOxlyb8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Video lesson&lt;/a&gt; by Jim Lavin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-06-18T05:33:31.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13531" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-18T12:23:47.943" Score="2" ViewCount="694" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a simulation of the test suite I want to run with selenium webdriver. Running through everything will generate 128 test-cases which are too ambiguous. I plan to reduce it to 32 by only allowing it to run by making 4 as the divisible factor. So, that it only executes at 4, 8, 12, 14, 16, 20 .... How do I achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Class1&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static String[] test1 = { &quot;1&quot;, &quot;2&quot; };&#xA;        public static String[] test2 = { &quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot; };&#xA;        public static String[] test3 = { &quot;3&quot;, &quot;4&quot; };&#xA;        public static String[] test4 = { &quot;c&quot;, &quot;d&quot; };&#xA;        public static String[] test5 = { &quot;5&quot;, &quot;6&quot; };&#xA;        public static String[] test6 = { &quot;e&quot;, &quot;f&quot; };&#xA;        public static String[] test7 = { &quot;7&quot;, &quot;8&quot; };&#xA;&#xA;        public static int count = 0;&#xA;        public static String[] lines = { };&#xA;        static int[] counter;&#xA;&#xA;            public static void Main(String[] args)&#xA;            {&#xA;                foreach(var i in test1)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    foreach(var j in test2)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        foreach (var k in test3)&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            foreach (var l in test4)&#xA;                            {&#xA;                                foreach (var m in test5)&#xA;                                {&#xA;                                    foreach (var n in test6)&#xA;                                    {&#xA;                                        foreach (var o in test7)&#xA;                                        {&#xA;                                            ++count;&#xA;                                            counter = new int[count];&#xA;                                            var allButFirst3Numbers = counter.SkipWhile(c =&amp;gt; c % 3 != 0);&#xA;                                            String str = allButFirst3Numbers.ToString();&#xA;                                            File.WriteAllText(@&quot;C:\Users\ken4ward\Desktop\Tidy\WriteLines.txt&quot;, str.ToString());&#xA;                                                String Readfiles = File.ReadAllText(@&quot;C:\Users\ken4ward\Desktop\Tidy\WriteLines.txt&quot;);&#xA;                                                Int32 myInt = Int32.Parse(Readfiles);&#xA;                                                String start = myInt.ToString() + &quot;   &quot; + &quot;(&quot; + i + &quot;  &quot; + j + &quot;  &quot; + k + &quot;  &quot; + l + &quot;  &quot; + m + &quot;  &quot; + n + &quot;  &quot; + o + &quot;)&quot;;&#xA;                                                Array.Resize(ref lines, lines.Length + 1);&#xA;                                                lines[lines.GetUpperBound(0)] = start;&#xA;                                                File.WriteAllLines(@&quot;C:\Users\ken4ward\Desktop\Tidy\Writing.txt&quot;, lines);&#xA;                                        }&#xA;                                    }&#xA;                                }&#xA;                            }&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12396" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T19:55:57.540" Title="Skipping iteration for test cases" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2017-10-03T18:48:49.697" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2015-06-18T21:26:53.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we decided to implement a centralized test case management system in our company, the team spend a lot of time analyzing and evaluating various available tools.I was actually surprised  and rather impressed that companies like Yahoo, Toshiba, Texan Instruments, etc. (full list is available on the Testlink website) have used Testlink in some projects during sometime in the past. Final decision was to implement Testlink and am really happy with how things have turned out to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Benefits we saw with Testlink Tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Free, so no massing/operational budget approval required, we just requested dedicated server from IT department&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open source, so was able to customize the features that we wanted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seemless integration with JIRA, which was already used by out teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have sevaral off shore offices and Testlink allows the Leads/Project QA lead/ PM's to keep track of the project real time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy to use and thus less effort for training teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web based tool, can access from anywhere, office or home&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helps for knowledge transfers when people leave. The data/ test are always in the test suite so we can ensure consistent quality of the software. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, we are happy with Testlink. In addition we create regular database backups as part of risk management strategy. Yes, there are some areas of improvement, e.g. more flexibility with user management, ability to import test cases from Excel, better reports etc., but these issues are not deal breakers for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day, we need to remember that the Tool selected should meet the business present and future needs. Testlink may or may not meet your company requirements, but it is still a simple effective tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12401" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2015-06-19T11:12:02.450" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T11:12:02.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13535" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-19T07:28:12.870" Score="5" ViewCount="564" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using SpecFlow to write automated test cases for a project. I'm writing them in Visual Studio 2013 It's cool and the intellisense works, but I have some issues with it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to limit the number of command examples intellisense shows? I don't need 10 examples for one common command, a couple would be enough, they take up too much space.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to have a scrollbar for the intellisense popup? Currently there isn't one, and because of the many examples I can't see what other commands are available.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like the popup has been cut off and it is supposed to have a scrollbar (I cropped the right side of it, but the height is shown in full):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sQts4.png&quot; alt=&quot;SpecFlow Intellisense&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10867" LastEditorUserId="10867" LastEditDate="2015-06-19T07:52:24.930" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T07:52:24.930" Title="How to improve SpecFlow intellisense in Visual Studio" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-14T11:40:00.557" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13536" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-19T11:43:35.510" Score="6" ViewCount="4847" Body="&lt;p&gt;Equivalence Partitioning for Name field:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirement says the &lt;code&gt;Name&lt;/code&gt; field shall:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accept alpha numeric characters and special characters `!@#$%&amp;amp;*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimum 4 characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maximum 40 characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First character must be a letter. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many equivalence partitions can be there in such a case? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to consider various permutations and combinations in such a case?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3 basic partitions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition 1: &amp;lt;4 character (invalid condition)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition 2: &gt;40 characters (invalid condition)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition 3: between 4&amp;amp;40 (Valid condition)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now under each of these partitions, again we have various combinations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition 4: only alphabets (Again two more such as lower case and upper case)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition 5: Only numbers (invalid condition)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition 6: Only special characters (Invalid Condition)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition 7: Alphabets and numeric&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition 8: Alphabets and special characters&#xA;and so on...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There there will be so many combinations and on what basis shall we decide?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly: Assume that we have several fields in a form (Such as user registration). Again in such case there will be several permutations and combinations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best technique for deciding test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12414" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T13:36:45.100" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T17:12:21.040" Title="Equivalence Partitioning for Name field" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13538" CreationDate="2015-06-19T15:07:54.587" Score="1" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;issue summary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I need to use my client table to lookup name, address, etc &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;my client table has 2 million rows, but only 167,000 unique clients, so I need&#xA;to find the most current &quot;max&quot; entry for each &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;most current entry is easy to find using a group by with max that gives me the &quot;PK&quot; for the rows I want (&quot;PK&quot; is max date &amp;amp; ID) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I concatenate date || ID and use an IN to make sure I get the correct row from my subquery &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this runs slow since I have 167,000 values for my IN statement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;issue screen print&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tgnE0.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;oracle version&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;session Metadata (getDatabaseProductVersion):  Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12420" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-19T22:05:28.790" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T22:05:28.790" Title="SQL - data testing - Oracle 11g lookup tables" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13537" CreationDate="2015-06-19T15:10:26.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;issue solution - exact same results, but much faster execution&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fm7lW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12420" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-19T22:04:50.317" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T22:04:50.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13539" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13918" CreationDate="2015-06-19T15:53:24.397" Score="6" ViewCount="9633" Body="&lt;p&gt;We want to add formal testing an quality assurance to our application API.&#xA;It is written in Python using Flask with Restless and outputs JSON.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is what is the best way to test our API? It is relatively small, has about 40 endpoints most of which have GET, POST, PUT and DELETE request methods. Is it worth writing unit tests for every endpoint + request method combination?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally we would like to do continuous integration testing with something like Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12421" LastActivityDate="2020-05-28T21:37:07.193" Title="Testing a Python REST API" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13540" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13541" CreationDate="2015-06-19T17:39:28.397" Score="2" ViewCount="2424" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;issue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm a &quot;data tester&quot; and I test websites by writing SQL queries then using Excel to process the data and validate data during test execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes we want to use R1C1 nontation in our VBA (e.g. 478,9) but usually we prefer A1 notation (e.g. I478)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, range objects return numbers (e.g. ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count would return 9 not &quot;I&quot;) but business people refer to &quot;column I&quot; never to &quot;column 9&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The point is we need a way to convert R1C1 notation to A1 notation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12420" LastEditorUserId="12420" LastEditDate="2015-06-19T17:41:56.590" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T17:41:56.590" Title="Excel VBA: convert R1C1 notation to A1 notation" Tags="&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13540" CreationDate="2015-06-19T17:40:31.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use the Excel &lt;strong&gt;Address&lt;/strong&gt; function&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Vtv1F.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12420" LastActivityDate="2015-06-19T17:40:31.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13512" CreationDate="2015-06-20T08:35:58.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional Suitability&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This characteristic represents the degree to which a product or system provides functions that meet stated and implied needs when used under specified conditions. This characteristic is composed of the following sub characteristics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional completeness. Degree to which the set of functions covers all the specified tasks and user objectives.&#xA;Functional correctness. Degree to which a product or system provides the correct results with the needed degree of precision.&#xA;Functional appropriateness. Degree to which the functions facilitate the accomplishment of specified tasks and objectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Non-functional Characteristic&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the obvious features and functions that you will provide in your system, there are other requirements that don't actually DO anything, but are important characteristics nevertheless. These are called &quot;non-functional requirements&quot; or sometimes &quot;Quality Attributes.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some examples of non-functional requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance requirements &#xA;Requirements about resources required, response time, transaction rates, throughput, benchmark specifications or anything else having to do with performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Operating constraints &#xA;List any run-time constraints. This could include system resources, people, needed software, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Platform constraints &#xA;Discuss the target platform. Be as specific or general as the user requires. If the user doesn't care, there are still platform constraints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accuracy and Precision &#xA;Requirements about the accuracy and precision of the data. (Do you know the difference?) Beware of 100% requirements; they often cost too much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modifiability &#xA;Requirements about the effort required to make changes in the software. Often, the measurement is personnel effort (person- months).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Portability &#xA;The effort required to move the software to a different target platform. The measurement is most commonly person-months or % of modules that need changing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reliability &#xA;Requirements about how often the software fails. The measurement is often expressed in MTBF (mean time between failures). The definition of a failure must be clear. Also, don't confuse reliability with availability which is quite a different kind of requirement.  Be sure to specify the consequences of software failure, how to protect from failure, a strategy for error detection, and a strategy for correction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security &#xA;One or more requirements about protection of your system and its data. The measurement can be expressed in a variety of ways (effort, skill level, time, ...) to break into the system.  Do not discuss solutions (e.g. passwords) in a requirements document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usability &#xA;Requirements about how difficult it will be to learn and operate the system. The requirements are often expressed in learning time or similar metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2015-06-20T08:35:58.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13543" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-20T11:34:59.163" Score="1" ViewCount="954" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have developed a web page which takes all inputs for test cases such as: locators, input data, urls to open, etc. I run the page in tomcat server. Whenever I'm executing the test case with that web page, the browser is opening in my local system and goes fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to share this url so when others use this link to execute the selenium code, the browser should be open in their system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to do this? If so, please let me know. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-06-22T11:07:46.397" LastActivityDate="2020-06-04T16:38:05.413" Title="Running selenium scripts through web" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-21T09:03:19.557" Score="2" ViewCount="5333" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a test where I should log in. It passed given the proper inputs but when I change its password/username to garbage, it still passes. I'm new to this and I really think I missed something here. Please help me out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-------------------[config.js]-------------------------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    'use strict';&#xA;    &#xA;    var config = {&#xA;    &#xA;        seleniumAddress : 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',&#xA;        specs           : [ 'test/e2e/features/login/login.feature' ],&#xA;        baseUrl         : http://someUrl.com,&#xA;        capabilities    : {&#xA;            browserName : 'chrome'&#xA;        },&#xA;    &#xA;        onPrepare   : function () {&#xA;            var width  = 1024;&#xA;            var height = 600;&#xA;    &#xA;            global.dv = browser.driver;&#xA;    &#xA;            dv.manage().window().setSize( width, height );&#xA;    &#xA;            // This will tell the Protractor not to wait for angular&#xA;            global.isAngularSite = function(flag) {&#xA;                browser.ignoreSynchronization = !flag;&#xA;            };&#xA;        },&#xA;    &#xA;        framework : 'cucumber',&#xA;    &#xA;        cucumberOpts : {&#xA;            // define your step definitions in this file&#xA;            require : 'test/e2e/features/login/spec.js',&#xA;            format  : 'pretty'&#xA;        }&#xA;    &#xA;    };&#xA;    &#xA;    exports.config = config;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-------------------[login.feature]-------------------------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Login&#xA;&#xA;  As a user, I should be able to have login creadentials so that I can login to the system&#xA;&#xA;Scenario: Valid login creadentials&#xA;&#xA;    Given I login using valid creadentials&#xA;&#xA;    Then I should be logged in&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-------------------[page.js]-------------------------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    'use strict';&#xA;    &#xA;    ( function () {&#xA;    &#xA;        var navigate = function () {&#xA;            browser.get( '' );&#xA;        };&#xA;    &#xA;        var login = function ( username, password ) {&#xA;            this.username.sendKeys( username );&#xA;            this.password.sendKeys( password );&#xA;            this.loginButton.click();&#xA;        };&#xA;    &#xA;        var LoginPage = function () {&#xA;            this.username     = dv.findElement( by.css( '[data-ptor=&amp;quot;loginEmail&amp;quot;]' ) );&#xA;            this.password     = dv.findElement( by.css( '[data-ptor=&amp;quot;loginPassword&amp;quot;]' ) );&#xA;            this.loginButton  = dv.findElement( by.css( '[data-ptor=&amp;quot;loginButton&amp;quot;]' ) );&#xA;        };&#xA;    &#xA;        LoginPage.prototype.navigate = navigate;&#xA;        LoginPage.prototype.login    = login;&#xA;    &#xA;        module.exports = LoginPage;&#xA;    &#xA;    } )();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-------------------[homepage.js]-------------------------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    'use strict';&#xA;    &#xA;    ( function () {&#xA;    &#xA;        var navigate = function () {&#xA;    &#xA;            browser.get( '/#home' );&#xA;    &#xA;        };&#xA;    &#xA;        var HomePage = function () {&#xA;            this.homeIndicator = dv.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;        };&#xA;    &#xA;        HomePage.prototype.navigate = navigate;&#xA;    &#xA;        module.exports = HomePage;&#xA;    } )();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-------------------[spec.js]-------------------------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    'use strict';&#xA;    &#xA;    var LoginPage      = require( '../../features/login/page.js' );&#xA;    &#xA;    var HomePage       = require( '../../features/homepage/homepage.js' );&#xA;    &#xA;    var chai           = require( 'chai' );&#xA;    &#xA;    var chaiAsPromised = require( 'chai-as-promised' );&#xA;    &#xA;    chai.use( chaiAsPromised );&#xA;    &#xA;    var expect = chai.expect;&#xA;    &#xA;    module.exports = function () {&#xA;    &#xA;        var loginPage;&#xA;        var homePage;&#xA;    &#xA;        this.Before( function ( callback ) {&#xA;    &#xA;            loginPage = new LoginPage();&#xA;            homePage  = new HomePage();&#xA;            isAngularSite(false);&#xA;            loginPage.navigate();&#xA;            callback();&#xA;    &#xA;        } );&#xA;    &#xA;        this.After( function ( callback ) {&#xA;            //logout&#xA;            callback();&#xA;        } );&#xA;    &#xA;        // First Scenario&#xA;        this.Given( 'I login using valid creadentials', function ( callback ) {&#xA;            loginPage.login( 'username', 'password' ); //valid creadential&#xA;            callback();&#xA;        } );&#xA;    &#xA;        this.Then( 'I should be logged in', function ( callback ) {&#xA;            expect(homePage.homeIndicator).toEqual('http://someUrl.com/#home');&#xA;            callback();&#xA;        } );&#xA;    &#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12430" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T11:49:19.840" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T11:49:19.840" Title="Using Protractor Cucumber JS: When running a test, the test passes when it shouldn't" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6035" CreationDate="2015-06-21T09:47:17.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For iOS and Android you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for Windows Phone you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/Winium.StoreApps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Winium&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both tools are &quot;selenium-based&quot;, meaning that they have same basic API, and you can use same language and tools to write tests for all three platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12360" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-21T13:39:45.770" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T13:39:45.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13546" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13548" CreationDate="2015-06-21T13:25:40.907" Score="1" ViewCount="1931" Body="&lt;p&gt;What frameworks / tools enable to automate testing on Windows Phone 8 platform?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in testing of all application types, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile web&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Native apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hybrid apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Silverlight apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T03:31:09.173" LastActivityDate="2019-05-27T06:45:52.893" Title="What tools can be used to automate testing on Windows Phone 8?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13546" CreationDate="2015-06-21T13:28:24.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All-in-one:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeeTest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile web:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://winphonewebdriver.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windows Phone Web Driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/andrebrov/BridgIt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BridgIt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Native apps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn305948.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CodedUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/Winium.StoreApps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winium.StoreApps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/windows-phone-8-bootstrap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;windows-phone-8-bootstrap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hybrid apps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn305948.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CodedUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/Winium.StoreApps.CodedUi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winium.StoreApps.CodedUi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Silverlight apps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/winphonedriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windows Phone Driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P.S. If you know other solutions, please share. Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-05-27T06:45:52.893" LastActivityDate="2019-05-27T06:45:52.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="98" CreationDate="2015-06-21T13:54:24.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's also a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/atinfo/awesome-test-automation/blob/master/python-test-automation.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;good list of Python test tools&lt;/a&gt; from automated-testing.info community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T13:54:24.920" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-06-21T13:54:24.920" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13536" CreationDate="2015-06-21T14:21:56.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The three basic partitions look good if you use an alphabetic character in the first position and valid characters everywhere else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next partition would be a valid length with valid characters but starting with a non-alphabetic character.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last partition would be a valid length with an alphabetic character in the first position and at least one illegal character after that (not alphanumeric and not any of !@#$%&amp;amp;*).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless I'm totally confused that should be all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T14:21:56.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2015-06-21T20:09:52.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.httpmaster.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HttpMaster&lt;/a&gt; which focuses on REST and API testing.&lt;br /&gt;It supports dynamic parameters, validation of response data, various data viewers, etc. You can also save all your test definitions as HttpMaster project (single file) to reopen them later or use on another machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12433" LastActivityDate="2015-06-21T20:09:52.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13536" CreationDate="2015-06-22T09:33:59.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, you don't need to test conditions defined by partitions 4-8 on groups defined by partitions 1 and 2. These groups of input strings &lt;strong&gt;fail a requirement&lt;/strong&gt;, and are therefore invalid. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Fail fast, fail often!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, you have another &quot;sink-or-swin&quot; requirement that can cut your testing in half. Literally. Either the first character is a valid alphabetical character (&quot;a&quot;-&quot;z&quot; or &quot;A&quot;-&quot;Z&quot;, inclusive) or not. Again, &lt;em&gt;&quot;Fail fast, fail often!&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you've got groups of input strings 4-40 chars long (inclusive), with a valid first char, is the time to test your partitioning scheme, which is a good one. You might, should actually, also include: &lt;em&gt;input string made up of alphanumeric chars and &lt;strong&gt;invalid&lt;/strong&gt; special chars, e.g. &quot;-&quot;. &quot;;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as permutations goes, since you can't test &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; possible permutations, you should &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; test edge-cases and a random sampling of the &quot;regular&quot; cases. In your case I'd go with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leave the input field empty and try to validate (this is a special case of invalid input, where the input is translated as &lt;em&gt;Null&lt;/em&gt;, not just invalid) (invalid, of course!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1/2/3 chars, randomly drawn from a pool of &lt;strong&gt;both&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;valid&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;invalid&lt;/em&gt; chars (invalid!) (Why the insistence on &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; valid and invalid pools?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 chars, all alphabetical chars&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 chars, all numerical (invalid! &lt;em&gt;Why?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 chars, all &lt;strong&gt;valid&lt;/strong&gt; special chars (invalid! &lt;em&gt;Why?&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 chars, randomly drawn from pool of &lt;em&gt;valid&lt;/em&gt; chars (you tell me, what's the expected result here? Think before you answer!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 chars, at least one, &lt;em&gt;randomly positioned&lt;/em&gt; in the string, is an &lt;em&gt;invalid&lt;/em&gt; special char (invalid, of course)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;40 chars, randomly drawn from pool of &lt;em&gt;valid&lt;/em&gt; chars (Again, tricky)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5-39 (inclusive) chars, randomly decided, chars randomly drawn from a pool of &lt;em&gt;valid&lt;/em&gt; chars (Last of the tricky ones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, if you can automate -- automate! Above I've listed 9 test cases categories. If you only run one test case from each &quot;category&quot; I can &lt;strong&gt;assure&lt;/strong&gt; you you'll not have found bugs in the form validation mechanism. You need to run at least 5-6 test cases &lt;em&gt;from each &quot;category&quot;&lt;/em&gt; to be &lt;em&gt;fairly&lt;/em&gt; convinced that it's &lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt; certainly bug-free. If you can't automate... buddy, I hate being in your shoes, you've got your work cut out for you. :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12386" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T09:33:59.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8012" CreationDate="2015-06-22T13:57:38.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across a similar issue in our organisation. We wanted to practice BDD but many of our projects didn't lend themselves well to automation - either we were limited by time or by technical expertise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We built a simple RubyGem called &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/danbuckland/crudecumber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Crudecumber&lt;/a&gt; to allow testers to step through the tests manually and pass, fail or skip each step using the keyboard in the command line. An HTML report is automatically generated and opened at the end of the test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment there are limitations in that it won't work in Windows or with Cucumber 2.0. It is open source however so this may be fixed in the future. I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12439" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T13:57:38.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13555" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-22T14:06:11.827" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Current scenario&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm a data tester, and I test insurance contracts, and each policy has many &quot;roles&quot;, &quot;features&quot;, &quot;history items&quot; etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A standard SQL query with all data joined will return 20-30 rows all jumbled together&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We need a way to review each policy (aka contract) in an organized and systematic way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So, instead of creating 1 big query, we create 7 related queries.  Each related query uses &quot;contract #&quot; as a PK (primary key).  We put all the queries in a workbook and we're well on our way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The problem is, we still have a lot of data processing to do, we can review each &quot;policy&quot; across all these sheets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We need a simple, efficient and highly automated method to review our Excel workbook&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12420" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-21T14:32:20.180" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T16:01:05.220" Title="Excel worksheets: summarize a bunch of sheets using indirect" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-23T16:51:35.023" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13555" CreationDate="2015-06-22T14:06:11.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create a &amp;quot;summary&amp;quot; worksheet that connects all related worksheets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this concept works for any data with a shared PK (primary key)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;all we're really doing is using standard VLookup functionality of Excel, but with an important twist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;instead of hard coding our VLookups we'll use Excel's INDIRECT function to execute our VLookups based on column headings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the big advantage here is that we can add/remove/change columns and since our ODB (operational database) has 1,200 tables, we have a lot of variations (beyond the scope of this overly simplistic Q&amp;amp;A)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/d4zOd.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/31cvv.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12420" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T14:06:11.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13539" CreationDate="2015-06-22T14:15:22.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For manually testing an API, I like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt;. It's a Chrome app so it won't tie into Jenkins as far as I know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;API testing is pretty simple, though. You could write a simple framework that makes use of a &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/http.client.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Http Client&lt;/a&gt; that hits all your end points and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17536916/python-django-how-to-assert-that-unit-test-result-contains-a-certain-string&quot;&gt;performs assertions on the JSON&lt;/a&gt; responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2020 UPDATE: Postman is its own app now and you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://learning.postman.com/docs/postman/collection-runs/command-line-integration-with-newman/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Newman&lt;/a&gt; to run Postman collections.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2020-05-28T21:37:07.193" LastActivityDate="2020-05-28T21:37:07.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13558" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-22T16:50:41.363" Score="3" ViewCount="1620" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate mobile web testing using &lt;a href=&quot;https://ios-driver.github.io/ios-driver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ios-driver&lt;/a&gt;. The safari browser does not open even though the simulator launches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The configuration as shown on terminal by running the command &lt;code&gt;java -jar ios-server-standalone-0.6.6-SNAPSHOT.jar -newSessionTimeoutSec 40 -port 5555&lt;/code&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Running on: Mac OS X 10.10 (x86_64)&#xA;Using java: 1.8.0_45&#xA;Using Xcode install: /Applications/Xcode.app&#xA;Using instruments: version:6.3.2, build: 57082&#xA;Using iOS version 8.3&#xA;iOS &amp;gt;= 6.0. Safari and hybrid apps are supported.&#xA;Applications :&#xA;CFBundleName=Safari,CFBundleVersion=600.1.4,/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator8.3.sdk/Applications/MobileSafari.app&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Java code I used is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities caps = IOSCapabilities.iphone(&quot;Safari&quot;);&#xA;caps.setCapability(IOSCapabilities.SIMULATOR, true);&#xA;RemoteWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(&quot;http://localhost:5555/wd/hub&quot;), caps);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following lines are displayed on terminal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;59:05:611 WARNING InstrumentsCommandLine.start instruments crashed (40 SEC)&#xA;59:06:040 WARNING NewSessionNHandler.safeStart Instruments failed to start in the allocated time ( 40sec):Didn't get the capability back.Most likely, instruments crashed at startup.&#xA;59:06:476 WARNING NewSessionNHandler.safeStart app has crashed at startup :normal&#xA;59:06:482 INFO IOSServerManager.findAllMatchingApplications Safari application requested for SDK version: 8.3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help from anyone would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12278" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T03:36:48.103" LastActivityDate="2019-01-05T05:00:17.050" Title="Unable to open Safari app on iPhone simulator while running Selenium test using ios-driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13560" CreationDate="2015-06-22T16:56:52.827" Score="1" ViewCount="1079" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn Selenium web driver (or JUnit), but I'm hesitating on whether to learn it or not because my work is not focused on testing. I do maintain and develop Java web based applications and as a part of my job and I do manual testing on applications before I send it to Production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I spend my time learning some of the automation testing world? Or should I spend time learning topics related to development software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12443" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T15:17:14.740" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T00:53:32.140" Title="Is it worth it to learn an automated testing software as a Java web developer?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13559" CreationDate="2015-06-22T17:20:09.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on a lot of variables for your situation, knowledge is always something most people would strive to expand. Take into consideration some of the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How is your current work being tested? If you have a QA department for member of your team, they should be responsible to test it with Automation and the necessary Manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Testing&lt;/strong&gt; is going to be the biggest value you can add to your company, and it saves people a lot of money by writing quality unit testing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you are required to conduct all of the testing on your code before it is release ready, then I would suggest you learn some automation skills to make your time testing your code more efficient.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just a few points that I would like to make here, but the most important thing that a developer could do for the code that they write is &lt;strong&gt;Unit Testing&lt;/strong&gt; not necessarily automation with selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T17:20:09.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13559" CreationDate="2015-06-22T18:11:44.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tests &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; software. Writing tests &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; programming. The difference is which libraries you use and what problems you are trying to solve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you need to distinguish between the needs of your company (where you work), and the needs of your career. How does your current work align with your interests, and where can you see yourself in the future? Talk to your manager about how you can contribute to profits of your company. Maybe the company will pay you to get training in QA test automation - take the opportunity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if the company is not paying for classes (or at least giving you time to learn new skills on your own while paying you salary), do what is best for &lt;strong&gt;your&lt;/strong&gt; career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To improve your skills as a software developer (regardless of the area you will apply your skills), IMHO the better return on time invested would be to learn more languages (especially if Java is the only language you are proficient in, as the title of your post suggest). Top candidates would be a dynamically typed language like Python, and Javascript for front-end development. And at least basics of CSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: Yes, learn test automation if you are interested in it, or if the company pays you to do it. If not, you can gain more skills (better return on time invested) learning something different from your current skillset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T14:28:29.587" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T14:28:29.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13469" CreationDate="2015-06-22T20:16:39.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basic flaw in your process is that your process creates adversarial relationship between developers and testers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;it does create bad feeling with the developers, who understandably&#xA;  feel their fix has not &quot;failed&quot;, and can even end up being disciplined&#xA;  by the company for items taking longer to develop than originally&#xA;  estimated, or the number of times their items have been returned as&#xA;  failed from QA .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This in IMHO fatal flaw. Punishing developers for something they cannot control like requirement change will make the best developers leave. Maybe your management thinks your developers are not competent enough to try the best without punishment - and maybe they are right, as a result of such treatment, competent developers &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; leave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Company should hire competent developers, and assume that any bug which sneaked to production was mistake, not malice. Have post-mortem about how such mistake avoid in the future, not who is to blame and how to punish him or her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, new features and improved understanding is new request, not a failed bug (especially if developer would be punished for the &quot;failure&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goal both developers, QA testers, and management should be to deploy best product to satisfy most important user's needs, in available time and budget.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-06-22T20:16:39.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-22T22:37:05.860" Score="3" ViewCount="1485" Body="&lt;p&gt;I keep getting errors with my storeEval script. In IDE the log keeps giving me &quot;[error] Threw an exception: missing ; before statement&quot;. I don't know what to do because I have tried putting a similar command in this test from another test that works and it'll fail as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=poCostForRow0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;EclipseCost&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;rollup&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;completeOrder&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;rollup&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;loginApollo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=projectNameForRow0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=poCostForItem0ForPO0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;ApolloCost&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;javascript { storedVars[&amp;amp;quot;EclipseCost&amp;amp;quot;].substring(9,16);}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;y&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12199" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T13:05:24.917" Title="IDE: [error] Threw an exception: missing ; before statement" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13512" CreationDate="2015-06-23T03:32:00.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;At first let's look at the definition of &lt;code&gt;functional requirement&lt;/code&gt; term from ISO/IEC 27000:2014 standard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;functional requirement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  requirement that specifies a function that a system or system component must be able to perform&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— So &lt;code&gt;functional requirements&lt;/code&gt; are what software should do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, coming back to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;functional suitability&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  degree to which a product or system provides functions that meet stated and implied needs (functional requirements)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Functional suitability&lt;/code&gt; is measured value of comparison between&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;things that software can actually do&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and things that software should do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— That's why &lt;code&gt;functional suitability&lt;/code&gt; is non-functional requirement. It covers not only the functions software is expected to do, but also what it really does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T17:07:17.540" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T17:07:17.540" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13558" CreationDate="2015-06-23T03:41:59.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First thing to try is to increase &lt;code&gt;newSessionTimeoutSec&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;80&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;120&lt;/code&gt; secs.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I.e. run instead:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;java -jar ios-server-standalone-0.6.6-SNAPSHOT.jar -newSessionTimeoutSec 120 -port 5555&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it doesn't helps below is mdiwakar's solution from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ios-driver/ios-driver/issues/221&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;discussion of similar issue on GitHub&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am using mac VM, it seems the issue was instruments were crashing&#xA;  and i believe VM were very slow. I did the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Added Safari Option to have clean session capability&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;2) Upgraded to use selenium 2.37 instead of 2.35&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;3) Increased the TIMEOUT_SEC to 40 from 20 NewSessionHandler.java(configurable param)&#xA;  &lt;br&gt;4) Small change args.add9(&quot;-v&quot;) to InstrumentsApple.java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With the above mentioned changes I am able to run my tests with less&#xA;  frequent crashes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T03:59:27.183" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T03:59:27.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13563" CreationDate="2015-06-23T04:10:55.847" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of &lt;code&gt;javascript&lt;/code&gt;&lt;strong&gt;{&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;strong&gt;}&lt;/strong&gt; try to use &lt;code&gt;javascript&lt;/code&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;strong&gt;)&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;em&gt;(round brackets)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T04:10:55.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2015-06-23T05:45:17.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Important Java concepts with respect to Selenium :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Condition statement and looping statement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exception Handling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Methods of String class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List and Set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upcasting and Runtime Polymorphism&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OOPs concepts with examples&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12448" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2015-07-08T22:19:12.690" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T22:19:12.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2015-06-23T06:53:41.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since this is one of the top hits on google ill provide the ruby solution if you cant use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://username:password@url&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://username:password@url&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can use system input but doing it on windows and on mac are different. Here is the solution on a mac:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would have to detect if the test is running on windows or mac first and then do the corresponding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  t1=Thread.new{&#xA;    @browser.get 'url';&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;  t2=Thread.new{&#xA;    sleep (10)&#xA;    #replace these lines with the windows corresponding if on windows.&#xA;    %x(osascript -e 'tell application &quot;System Events&quot; to keystroke &quot;username&quot;')&#xA;    %x(osascript -e 'tell application &quot;System Events&quot; to keystroke tab')&#xA;    %x(osascript -e 'tell application &quot;System Events&quot; to keystroke &quot;password&quot;')&#xA;    %x(osascript -e 'tell application &quot;System Events&quot; to keystroke return')&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;  t1.join()&#xA;  t2.join()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the windows solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;t1=Thread.new{&#xA;    @browser.get 'url'  &#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;t2=Thread.new{&#xA;    sleep (5)&#xA;    wsh = WIN32OLE.new('Wscript.Shell')&#xA;    wsh.AppActivate('browser') #fx. firefox&#xA;    wsh.SendKeys('username{TAB}password{ENTER}')&#xA;}&#xA;t1.join()&#xA;t2.join()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12450" LastEditorUserId="12450" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T08:06:40.713" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T08:06:40.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13536" CreationDate="2015-06-23T07:05:10.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Negative tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LT 4 chars&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GT 40 chars&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GT 3 chars with non-alpha in pos 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non allowable special character in pos 2 - 40 (1 test, not all positions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Positive Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GT 3 chars with lower case alpha in pos 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GT 3 chars with upper case alpha in pos 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark Smith.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T07:05:10.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13570" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-23T07:44:56.060" Score="2" ViewCount="6073" Body="&lt;p&gt;Java + Webdriver + PageObject. I have a question about pages organization. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this moment I have class which contains all pages in the project. At start all pages are initializing, and it looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class AllPages {&#xA;&#xA;    private AddFilesPage addFilesPage;&#xA;    private ConfirmDialogPage confirmDialogPage;&#xA;&#xA;    public AllPages(WebDriver webDriver, WebDriverWait wait) {&#xA;        addFilesPage = new AddFilesPage(webDriver, wait);&#xA;        confirmDialogPage = new ConfirmDialogPage(webDriver, wait);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public AddFilesPage getAddFilesPage() {&#xA;        return addFilesPage;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public ConfirmDialogPage getConfirmDialogPage() {&#xA;        return confirmDialogPage;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder - what if I will do remake like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class AllPages {&#xA;&#xA;    private WebDriver webDriver;&#xA;    private WebDriverWait wait;&#xA;&#xA;    public AllPages(WebDriver webDriver, WebDriverWait wait) {&#xA;        this.webDriver = webDriver;&#xA;        this.wait = wait;  &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public AddFilesPage getAddFilesPage() {&#xA;        return new AddFilesPage(webDriver, wait);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public ConfirmDialogPage getConfirmDialogPage() {&#xA;        return new ConfirmDialogPage(webDriver, wait);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think it easier to add new pages - just one getter, instead of&#xA;field, create in constructor and getter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in page constructor I can add wait for elements, so when I use page&#xA;it automatically wait for loading&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;slower, because we not reuse pages (will init every time we call it).&#xA;But does it critical?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maybe another disadvantages, could you please tell what you think?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T18:59:31.003" Title="PageObject. Should I initialize all pages at start or not?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13570" CreationDate="2015-06-23T09:21:38.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, no and no. :) Do not initialize all your page objects at the start, what if your application keeps growing and growing. We already have hundreds of page objects, this could potential slow down all your tests in the suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We always use the following way to access a Page: &quot;Methods return other PageObjects&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example from Ubuntu acceptance testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An UAT checks a user story. It will involve the journey of the user&#xA;  through the system, so he will move from one page to another. Lets&#xA;  take a look at how a journey to reset the stop watch will look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;stopwatch = clock_page.open_stopwatch() &#xA;stopwatch.start()&#xA;stopwatch.reset()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means you only instantiate pages when you are going to use them, after an action results into a new page being visible or opened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read their full article to get an idea how the Ubuntu team implements the PageObject pattern: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/start/platform/guides/acceptance-testing-using-the-page-object-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/start/platform/guides/acceptance-testing-using-the-page-object-model/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T09:31:18.240" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T09:31:18.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13572" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-23T10:01:01.297" Score="2" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are huge amounts of structural coverage criteria (see e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.german-testing-board.info/fileadmin/gtb_repository/downloads/pdf/glossar/CT_Glossar_EN_DE_V23.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB-Standard&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.verifysoft.com/en_ISO_26262_Road_Vehicules_Functional_Safety.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISO26262-Standard&lt;/a&gt;), ranging from control-flow to data-flow coverage, applied to source code or to specifications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So which coverage criteria are NOT structural?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details: I can think of some non-structural coverage criteria, but have no idea whether there are more, and do not have a citable reference that covers non-structural coverage criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exemplary non-structural coverage criteria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coverage of requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coverage of input values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coverage of GUI elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1246" LastEditorUserId="1246" LastEditDate="2015-06-26T20:36:43.213" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T10:18:09.590" Title="What non-structural coverage criteria are there?" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9007" CreationDate="2015-06-23T10:05:35.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(40, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my code, above 2 lines used and I commented the second line, it's working fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(40, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12453" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2020-01-07T07:54:27.503" LastActivityDate="2020-01-07T07:54:27.503" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13570" CreationDate="2015-06-23T12:13:08.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_aren&amp;#39;t_gonna_need_it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt;: You ain't gonna need it. So why do extra work if you will not need it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link from &quot;original wiki&quot;, created by Ward Cunningham in &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WelcomeVisitors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1995&lt;/a&gt; and recommended read for all software developers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/xp/YouArentGonnaNeedIt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt;: &quot;Always implement things when you &lt;strong&gt;actually&lt;/strong&gt; need them, never when you just &lt;strong&gt;foresee&lt;/strong&gt; that you [may] need them.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-06-23T14:23:56.673" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T14:23:56.673" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13543" CreationDate="2015-06-23T12:31:38.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where ever the selenium library is running is where the browser will run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are planning on putting this on a server, you'll have trouble if there is nobody logged in to the console. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should look at Selenium Grid which allows the browser to run on a different machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are cloud based services for these clients, for example, Browser Stack &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T12:31:38.070" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13612" CreationDate="2015-06-23T15:55:00.877" Score="0" ViewCount="13781" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing for a certain web application, I was faced with an issue of handling auto-complete scenarios. An example of this kind could be found here &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.magicbricks.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MagicBricks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have few questions related to how we are supposed to handle such auto-complete scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Suppose I am entering a search word in the search box like Gurgaon. How does the auto-complete get populated? Is this due to some JS function written at back or does it pick values from a database?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am no champion at JS, but I can see that the the  with id localityKeywordDropDown has a visibility set to hidden. So the drop down options are not visible without entering any value. If I am writing test for it, how can I wait for these values to get populated? Right now I can think of using explicit waits, where I can wait for element to be present (correct me if I am wrong).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Suppose I am entering a text- Gurgaon Sector 51, which is at the bottom of the key words matching Gurgaon. How can I verify that the search string that I have searched is present within that list (using some kind of assert I would suppose)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume that a few of the questions might cross the boundaries of SW Testing, so pardon me if this is the case. Any resources, links, relating to how we can handle these kind of scenarios will be appreciated. I found one here &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20675138/how-to-test-autocomplete-using-selenium-and-python&quot;&gt;Handling auto complete using Selenium and Python&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not quite sure if I understand how that is working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T07:25:55.920" Title="Understanding how to handle auto-complete using Selenium and Python" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13570" CreationDate="2015-06-23T18:06:26.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an interesting question that I have been pondering myself. I am currently using a PageObject design using PageFactory IWebElements (C#).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not follow this requirement: &quot;Methods return other PageObjects&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will share my design and let others decide if this approach is &quot;also&quot; bad. This approach may do what you are trying to do but a little cleaner. Tons of ways you can do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently my design is top level class files (like your &quot;AllFiles&quot; but smaller) with all page objects included in that &quot;web&quot; portion or pages to help make test scripts/cases easier to write for the user who doesn't know how to program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MyAccount.cs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MyAccountPage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MySettingsPage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MainDomainPage.cs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different pages...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each page could consist of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;MyAccountPage.cs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Header (common menu links that is contained in ALL account pages)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Other Elements for page...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soo my unit tests of MyAccount are all in the same unit test file.&#xA;(pseudo code)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        [SetUp]&#xA;        public void TestSetup()&#xA;        {&#xA;            new TWebDriver();//Autogenerates the TestFixture Browser type&#xA;            MyAccount = new MyAccount(DomainType); //we use different   domains/servers for the same page sometimes. Instantiate all pages inside MyAccount    &#xA;        }&#xA;        [Test]&#xA;        public void MyTestIsLoaded(){&#xA;            MyAccount.MyAccountPage.LoadPage();&#xA;            //Navigate to My Settings page.&#xA;            MyAccount.MyAccountPage.Menu.MySettings.click();&#xA;            Assert.True(MyAccount.MySettingsPage.isLoaded());&#xA;&#xA;            //Navigate back to MyAccountPage just to show how my code kind of works&#xA;            MyAccount.MySettingsPage.Menu.MyAccount.click();&#xA;            //Navigated to MyAccount page by clicking the menu link &quot;MyAccount&quot;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was redirected from myaccount to the MainDomainPage I would also have to instantiate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MainDomainPage= new MainDomainPage(DomainType);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason I have chosen this design of not returning other page objects is because I have a library that mimics all elements in a webpage. I prefer to have one function for clicking a button/login/search results. Not expected success/failure ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public abstract WebPageElement.cs&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extends WebPageElement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TextBox  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Label &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Image &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LinkImage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc...&#xA;Each element contains specific functions related only to its object, unlike selenium where it contains all methods even if it doesn't relate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All pages (but not partial pages such as common code shared between pages as they are just classes defined inside a page object file. eg. A popup dialog (widget) would not be a page but a class defined inside a page.) extend my written PageObject.cs class which includes generic functions and variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    internal static IWebDriver _DRIVER;&#xA;    private static IWait&amp;lt;IWebDriver&amp;gt; _wait;&#xA;    Methods()...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here all pages will share the same driver and wait object. This allows test scripts to change the timeout as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leaves each page object to include just the elements found on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;       public Constructor(){&#xA;        PageFactory.InitElements(PageObject._DRIVER, this);//pageobject is the base class but since its static must be referenced directly&#xA;        Image = new LinkImage(_image, _imagelink, _imgHow, _imglHow); //IwebElement, IWebElement, string, string&#xA;        UserName = new TextBox(_username, _unHow); //IWebElement, string where the values are.&#xA;       }&#xA;&#xA;    public LinkImage Image { get; protected set; }&#xA;    public TextBox UserName { get; protected set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PageFactory portion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; private const string _unHow = &quot;UserName&quot;;&#xA; private const string _imgHow = &quot;Password&quot;;&#xA;&#xA; [FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = _imgHow)] private IWebElement _image;&#xA; //Code deleted&#xA; [FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = _unHow)] private IWebElement _username;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes representing a webpage very fast for code development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand the concept of not instantiating things not used which this does do but I have found this to be a simpler option for writing test cases where we want no code knowledge. The extent it does is wethere the global file MyAccount is instantiated in TestCaseSetup() vs TestFixtureSetup() that is shared by most unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thoughts?&#xA;Bad design?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would love input on this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not read a convincing argument to stay away from this approach as the pages &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; separated into common groups (to avoid 100+ page objects in one file). I learned about this design (using WebPageElement objects to wrapper all functions for each type of object like a button) from an online article by a professor that used something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11972" LastActivityDate="2015-06-23T18:06:26.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13581" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-23T20:50:34.740" Score="1" ViewCount="483" Body="&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I have narrowed the problem to its possible source see Update 2 and you can skip the intro.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issue is that selenium &quot;thinks&quot; it has clicked a link when the link click was never actually executed. The problem is due to a timing issue for InternetExplorer as Firefox doesn't seem to have this same issue (at least as often).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue occurs when I am on a particular page, open a popupdialog widget on that page, than close it and than try to continue to navigate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sample code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Already navigated to Myphotospage.&#xA;Account.MyPhotosPage.isLoaded();//Just to show its been loaded not required code.&#xA;Account.MyPhotosPage.ButtonUploadPhoto.click(); //Shows widget to user&#xA;Account.MyPhotosPage.DialogUploadPhoto.File.setText(Directory)//Do stuff...&#xA;Account.MyPhotosPage.DialogUploadPhoto.ButtonOK.click(); //Close dialog&#xA;Assert.IsTrue(Account.MyPhotosPage.isLoaded()); //Check that the page is still loaded&#xA;&#xA;Account.MyPhotosPage.Menu.MyContacts.click(); //Navigate to a new page.&#xA;//FAILS THIS NEXT LINE SINCE PREVIOUS CLICK DID NOT ACTUALLY CLICK Though&#xA;//Selenium acts as if it did.&#xA;Assert.IsTrue(Account.MyContactsPage.isLoaded()); //Checks that new page is laoded&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main page contains dynamic images which means user can upload as many as they want so the elements id can dynamically change. The dialog uploads a new image to the page. I think this contributes to the slower loading/unloading times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I wait between each IWebElement reference using WebDriverWait timeout of 10 seconds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;_WAIT.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible); //PDEUDO Code. My code is slightly different.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how the current execution behaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It navigates to page. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It popups the dialog &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It closes Dialog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It immediately states the page is loaded though the &quot;widget&quot;&#xA;could still actually be open or unloading itself. This can be seen with Console.WriteLines being written to output before the widget has fully closed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It thinks the&#xA;page is loaded. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It waits for IWebElement to be visible and&#xA;executes the click command when visible before widget is unloaded or page is actually fully rendered.&#xA;(Account.MyPhotosPage.Menu.MyContacts.click())&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it thinks the element is visible and clicks it early, it doesn't actually navigate to the new page. Though selenium thinks it clicked the element successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I add a thread wait it fixes the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&#xA;Account.MyPhotosPage.DialogUploadPhoto.ButtonOK.click(); //Close dialog&#xA;Thread.Sleep(5 seconds);&#xA;...&#xA;Account.MyPhotosPage.Menu.MyContacts.click()//Navigate to new page&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The dialog box makes selenium think the backpage isLoaded or that an element was clicked even though it was not registered. So selenium C# code acts as if the element was clicked on the main page while the widget still has focus or unloading (closing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So increasing wait times does not fix the issue as it thinks the elements ARE visible and were clicked even though the browser did not register it. But by adding the System wait it has more time to load the page (or unload the widget) allowing the functions to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design Notes:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;If you are interested this may help clarify my design approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I go into more detail in a response on this post: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/13579/11972&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/13579/11972&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short I define the main page as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public MyDialog;&#xA;public MyPhotosPage()&#xA;        {&#xA;            PageFactory.InitElements(_DRIVER, this); &#xA;            MyDialog = new MyDialog(); //PageFactory is executed in the constructor for the dialog page object.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Browser:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;InternetExplorer 11&#xA;FireFox seems to work more frequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Goal:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I would like it to fully load without adding System waits. Any ideas? I prefer using some type of explicit waits. Have not tried using Driver implicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Updated for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current wait strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;while (ignoredException)&#xA;            {&#xA;                try&#xA;                {&#xA;                    PageObject._WAIT.Until(d =&amp;gt; visibility(element));&#xA;                    ignoredException = false;&#xA;                }&#xA;                catch (StaleElementReferenceException)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    //Ignored Exception&#xA;                }&#xA;                catch (NoSuchElementException)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    //Ignored Exception&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                catch (WebDriverTimeoutException e)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    //Timeout Exception&#xA;                    throw new UnabletoFindElementException(e.Message + &quot; Element Locator: &quot; + tag + &quot;  &amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;  &quot; + e.InnerException);&#xA;                }&#xA;                catch&#xA;                {&#xA;                    //Unexpected exception&#xA;                    //Rethrow same exception.&#xA;                    throw;&#xA;                }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My visibility method was adapted from ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible (cs file)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; try&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Checks that the element is in the DOM by accessing its attributes.&#xA;            iwe.GetAttribute(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;            //checks that the element is visible. An element can be visible but not currently in the DOM (such as popup dialogs) which is why I added trying to access the IWebElement.&#xA;            if (iwe.Displayed)&#xA;            {&#xA;                return iwe;&#xA;            }&#xA;            return null;&#xA;        }&#xA;            // It internally Throws a NoSuchElementException if the element does not exist. Return null to the user for the Wait.Until() function.&#xA;        catch (NoSuchElementException)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return null;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue I am having the click method actually &quot;passes&quot; the wait function even though it has not actually been clicked so the browser recognizes it. this same issue can be seen manually when you try to click a link before the page is fully loaded. Sometimes it will not register that mouseclick because internet is going slow. (At least I have seen this in the past).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2: Issue identified&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I have narrowed the problem further. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get random errors like Nullreference or StaleElementException (element no longer exists). What is happening is in the widget when I click submit, it begins unloading the dialog and refocuses on the main page. I noticed it does a quick refresh of the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would begin my code and it would &quot;access&quot; the page elements and randomly fail on different lines of code when the page begins the refresh. So the WaitForElement method passes but than fails later during the refresh since the elements no longer exist in the DOM for a short period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess my only way to fix this is to add System waits (which I hate) as I don't want my test cases to handle this error on the front. To give the page enough time to refresh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could explain why the link &quot;clikc&quot; doesnt work as it has not refreshed its state so it ignores it until after the refresh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T17:39:10.590" Title="Selenium Timing Issue With Dialogs (Widgets) In Current Page" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-24T06:12:06.640" Score="1" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium webdriver and I'm confused about how to select a framework in selenium automation testing. Basically I am trying to automate a dynamic websites. &#xA;Can anyone guide me on which type of parameters(factors) are followed to select a framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12464" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T14:59:35.810" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T01:21:47.717" Title="How to choose a framework for small dynamic web based projects?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-07-05T22:57:22.013" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13586" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-24T07:51:48.463" Score="2" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a situation to get the location of the file from drive, and I need to use the file location in Jmeter. Is this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12466" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-24T14:59:40.220" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T12:12:27.073" Title="How to get the file location from online drives and use it in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-01-26T19:00:42.847" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13586" CreationDate="2015-06-24T09:48:32.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most cloud storage services come with tooling that mounts the drive somewhere in your local filesystem, you should be able to access the files like any other file on your computer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now in jMeter just point to this local file path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you do not specify which &quot;online drive&quot; you are using, I would Google for something like: mount (replace with your cloud storage provider) as local drive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or use a tool like: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.netdrive.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.netdrive.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T09:48:32.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13598" CreationDate="2015-06-24T09:50:48.967" Score="3" ViewCount="5594" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following html:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;dialog-components&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;h2 class=&quot;dialog-title&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;help-link&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;a href=&quot;http://google.com&quot;&amp;gt;Helps&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    Expected Result&#xA;  &amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I want to getText: &quot;Expected Result&quot;. But when I tried to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String text = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.dialog-components&amp;gt;h2&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The text is &quot;Helps/nExpectedResult&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get my expected text result?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-06-28T01:20:05.710" LastActivityDate="2015-06-28T01:20:05.710" Title="Selenium Webdriver: How can I getText() if there's another text within div?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13581" CreationDate="2015-06-24T11:02:44.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like the method that is used by the conversion from Selenium IDE to Selenium C# personally, which is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;            if (second &amp;gt;= 60) Assert.Fail(&quot;timeout&quot;);&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (IsElementPresent(By.Id(&quot;blargh&quot;)&quot;))) break;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception)&#xA;            {}&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This gives full control over the loop, what happens when it can't find it and allows you to build in logic to try and manage it in the case of a failure with ease.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T11:02:44.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7902" CreationDate="2015-06-24T17:47:43.127" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Also JMeter concurrent threads are not &quot;concurrent users&quot; as real-life people do pauses between actions on web pages. If you don't set any pauses in your tests then 20 concurrent threads will stand for something like 200-250 concurrent users.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, I am in an argument with a client about this fact. They are thinking 50 Threads = 50 Users. But there are no thread delays in the tests. This in no way then represents 50 Users. I wish Jmeter didn't put the (users) in brackets when configuring threads - as they are not the same thing.&#xA;I went back to the client, I profiled the web logs, and I averaged out 15 second delays. I reran the test with these delays....this reduced the response times by 70%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a very important point and can affect the results significantly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12472" LastActivityDate="2015-06-24T17:47:43.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13536" CreationDate="2015-06-24T19:28:39.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider 3 parameters to decide on partitioning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Position&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Size&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and Input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With respect to &lt;strong&gt;Position&lt;/strong&gt;, I would create 2 partitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alphabetic character at 1st position&lt;/strong&gt;, with rest as a valid condition (i.e size between 4 to 40, valid set of input).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Non-Alphabetic character at 1st position&lt;/strong&gt;, with rest as a valid condition (i.e size between 4 to 40, valid set of input).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With respect to &lt;strong&gt;Size&lt;/strong&gt;, I would create 3 partitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Size &amp;lt; 4&lt;/strong&gt;, with rest as a valid condition (Alphabetic character at 1st position, rest as a valid set of input).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Size &gt;=4&amp;lt;=40&lt;/strong&gt;, with rest as a valid condition (Alphabetic character at 1st position, rest as a valid set of input).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Size &gt;40&lt;/strong&gt;, with rest as a valid condition (Alphabetic character at 1st position, rest as a valid set of input).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With respect to &lt;strong&gt;Input&lt;/strong&gt;, I would create 2 partitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Valid input&lt;/strong&gt; with rest as a valid condition (Alphabetic character at 1st position, size &gt;=4&amp;lt;=40)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Invalid input&lt;/strong&gt; (one of the character is illegal in input) with rest as a valid condition (Alphabetic character at 1st position, size &gt;=4&amp;lt;=40)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12473" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T06:50:58.787" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T06:50:58.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13593" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-24T21:48:02.867" Score="1" ViewCount="2502" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between Class Under Test (CUT) and Object Under Test (OUT)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;CUT is used to test a class&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;and OUT is used to test an object.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm unable to find any difference other than the above-mentioned one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12475" LastEditorUserId="15527" LastEditDate="2019-11-05T04:16:50.020" LastActivityDate="2019-11-05T04:16:50.020" Title="Class Under Test vs Object Under Test" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-24T22:45:16.960" Score="2" ViewCount="1333" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate mobile web testing using &lt;a href=&quot;https://ios-driver.github.io/ios-driver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ios-driver&lt;/a&gt; on an iPhone 6 plus (real device). The Safari browser opens but the specified URL (google.com in this case) is not opened (i.e. only &quot;about:blank page&quot; is displayed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The configuration as shown on a terminal by running the command &lt;code&gt;java -jar ios-server-standalone-0.6.6-SNAPSHOT.jar -newSessionTimeoutSec 40 -port 4444 -beta&lt;/code&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Running on: Mac OS X 10.10 (x86_64)&#xA;Using java: 1.8.0_45&#xA;Using Xcode install: /Applications/Xcode.app&#xA;Using instruments: version:6.3.2, build: 57082&#xA;Using iOS version 8.3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The device I have connected is also recognized properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Java code I used is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IOSCapabilities capabilities = IOSCapabilities.iphone(&quot;Safari&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(IOSCapabilities.SIMULATOR, false);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(IOSCapabilities.UUID, &quot;UID-of-Device&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;, true);&#xA;RemoteIOSDriver webDriver = null;&#xA;try {&#xA;    webDriver = new RemoteIOSDriver(new URL(     &quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;} catch (MalformedURLException e1) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;    e1.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;webDriver.get(&quot;https://www.apple.com/&quot;);&#xA;webDriver.quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following error is displayed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: is Safari started and with the focus ? &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help in solving this error would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12278" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T02:15:07.637" LastActivityDate="2019-12-10T12:02:40.337" Title="Unable to open the specified URL on a real device while running Selenium tests using ios-driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13593" CreationDate="2015-06-25T06:08:11.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please note that this is a generic answer; your environment may have its own interpretation that differs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;In short a class is the code that describes what the object does.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; The object comes into existence when the class code is called and one particular object is instantiated. When it is instantiated the object sits in your computer memory ready to do its work; its  properties are filled with the particular values that belong to it. One class can be called multiple times to instantiate all the needed variations of the class.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Class book is called repeatedly to fill the Library object with all the book titles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this case &lt;strong&gt;Class Under Test&lt;/strong&gt; would be the test about the variations the class allows, that instantiation can succeed, that nice failures are shown for illegal instantiation attempts etc. &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Is this class suitable to put into Library and can it do all that we need from it there? Does it have a title property, guaranteed? Is it ensured the title cannot be changed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Object under test&lt;/strong&gt; would be that the successfully instantiated object behaves well. That the properties and methods do the work they should do. &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Does this library book properly show its title &quot;War and Peace&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not help that often class and object are used interchangeable. Also see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diffen.com/difference/Class_vs_Object&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Class vs Object&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T06:08:11.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13163" CreationDate="2015-06-25T06:41:36.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Re-download from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.apache.org/dist/jmeter/binaries/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.apache.org/dist/jmeter/binaries/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If above doesn't help launch &lt;code&gt;cmd&lt;/code&gt; in 32-bit mode and run &lt;code&gt;jmeter.bat&lt;/code&gt; from it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T07:03:38.510" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T07:03:38.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13676" CreationDate="2015-06-25T08:42:02.670" Score="0" ViewCount="1077" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had to test a web mapping application that use OpenLayers 2.x, using Selenium Web Driver in Java and using Firefox (I'm on Windows 7). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found only this issue: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28682195/how-to-use-openlayers-drawfeature-with-selenium-webdriver-in-java-double-click&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28682195/how-to-use-openlayers-drawfeature-with-selenium-webdriver-in-java-double-click&lt;/a&gt; that doesn't solve my problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had to test the identify function on features on the map, so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select the identify button on my toolbar (I'm able to do this ... so no problem ...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on a point feature on the map (I'm not able to do this ....)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Close the dialog that shows the felatire descriptive data (I'm not able to do this ....)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't give the url of my application because it's not public but I can use this simple test case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dev.openlayers.org/releases/OpenLayers-2.13.1/examples/markers.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dev.openlayers.org/releases/OpenLayers-2.13.1/examples/markers.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that shows my use case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clicking on the map, you'll see the feature details and then close the dialog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you're my code that doesn't work &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package myTestProjects;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;&#xA;public class identifyOpenLayersTest_02 {&#xA;&#xA;private static WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args)  throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    // Create a new instance of the Firefox driver&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Create a new instance of the Firefox driver ...&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    //Put a Implicit wait, this means that any search for elements on the page could take the time the implicit wait is set for before throwing exception&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    // It is always advisable to Maximize the window before performing DragNDrop action&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Maximize the window ...&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);        &#xA;&#xA;    // Launch the OpenLayers 2.x marker sample &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Launch the OpenLayers 2.x marker sample  ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L); &#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://dev.openlayers.org/releases/OpenLayers-2.13.1/examples/markers.html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Create a new Action instance &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Create a new Action instance ...&quot;);&#xA;    Actions act = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    // Find the viewport inside in witch there is the map   &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Find the viewport inside in witch there is the map ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;    WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;OpenLayers_Map_2_OpenLayers_ViewPort&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    // Start the action sequence &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Start the action sequence  ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;    act.click().perform();&#xA;&#xA;    // Identify marker&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Identify marker at 285, 111 ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;    act.moveToElement(el, 285, 111).click().build().perform();            &#xA;&#xA;    // Print TEST = OK!!&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;TEST = OK !!&quot;);&#xA;    //driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestions? Samples? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T03:01:36.010" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T03:01:36.010" Title="Selenium Web Driver and OpenLayers 2.x: How to do an identify on a map?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13588" CreationDate="2015-06-25T10:42:18.823" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get the nodevalue of the element using Javascript&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;document.getElementsByClassName('dialog-components')[0].getElementsByTagName('h2')[0].childNodes[2].nodeValue;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;executescript&lt;/strong&gt; to execute JavaScript in the context of the currently selected frame or window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below is an example in java&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to add return since you need to return the value to the caller&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String expectedresult = (String)((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return document.getElementsByClassName('dialog-components')[0].getElementsByTagName('h2')[0].childNodes[2].nodeValue;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tested the above code it was working fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you...Kindly get back if you have any problems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12351" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T10:42:18.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13593" CreationDate="2015-06-25T12:44:39.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It grow too long for a comment, so here it goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Class is like a recipe, objects is like food prepared according to it (instance of a class). You cannot test class, like you cannot taste recipe: only instance of that class is something you can interact with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course all instances of a class should behave the same, so you can think about &quot;testing a class&quot; when you really test instances of that class (objects). So the source of your confusion is just a mental shortcut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T12:44:39.723" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13601" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13602" CreationDate="2015-06-25T13:42:17.607" Score="0" ViewCount="2254" Body="&lt;p&gt;So my question deals with iterating over multiple open windows at a time. Suppose I am opening a website (best example would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.naukri.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Naukri&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as the page loads, two more pop up windows open up. My thought was to iterate on these open windows and get the title of each one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I wrote :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.get('http://www.naukri.com/')&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait(driver,15).until(lambda d: len(driver.window_handles)==3)&#xA;&#xA;    print(driver.title)&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[1])&#xA;    print(driver.title)&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[2])&#xA;    print(driver.title)`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my question is that- this works, as far as we know that three windows are active. In this case, we don't know the exact number, how are we going to iterate through them? I thought of using this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for handle in driver.window_handles:&#xA;       driver.switch_to.window(handle)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But since the window name changes every time the page loads, this becomes unusable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;list1=[]&#xA;list1=driver.window_handles&#xA;&#xA;for x in list1:&#xA;    print(driver.title)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this prints the first window title three times instead. What should be my approach here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T14:55:47.060" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T15:38:00.457" Title="Iterating across various open windows using Selenium and Python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13601" CreationDate="2015-06-25T13:48:23.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you need to switch to desired window before printing the title:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;handles = driver.window_handles&#xA;for ii, hh in enumerate( handles ):&#xA;    driver.switch_to.window(hh)&#xA;    print 'window %s has title %s' % (ii, driver.title)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-06-25T15:38:00.457" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T15:38:00.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13603" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-25T14:42:58.503" Score="6" ViewCount="548" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to test a standalone application on the Citrix platform using JMeter. I have installed the Citrix receiver as well as the JMeter ICA plugin for the same. But I am not able to launch the Citrix web form through JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried recording the events using Badboy, but the script is erroring out when trying to export to JMeter as it fails to recognize 'Click' and 'Execute' requests captured in the Badboy script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help on this would be highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12479" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T11:42:02.123" LastActivityDate="2020-02-07T20:39:53.280" Title="Unable to launch Citrix application through JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3355" CreationDate="2015-06-25T16:05:35.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked on an agile team where we used a notecard for each story. Once we committed to a story we wrote out the user acceptance criteria on the back of the card. The language used was important because you do not want to provide a solution within a story, so your criteria has to address the problem being solved rather than how to solve it. This made it so that anyone on the team could test it to determine if it was satisfied. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you assign a developer who did not work on a story perform that final test once it is done to move it to the &quot;done done&quot; column? I would not change your iteration length if it seems to be working for you. Instead, adjust the number of points you commit to for each iteration if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we built up our team, we added automated regression testing and used our BA to do the manual regression testing. Eventually we did get QA resources, and I agree with everyone else who tells you what a benefit they are!! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5091" LastActivityDate="2015-06-25T16:05:35.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13607" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-26T08:52:46.347" Score="3" ViewCount="2101" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to access iFrame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;frame1&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%; height: 100%; display: block;&quot; tabindex=&quot;100&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;head xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;body id=&quot;tiny1&quot; contenteditable=&quot;true&quot; onload=&quot;window.parent.get('frame1').onLoad.dispatch();&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I want to &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; to the body with &lt;code&gt;id=tinymce&lt;/code&gt;. But when I tried to &lt;code&gt;switchTo().frame&lt;/code&gt;, it does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Java code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void enterArea(String object, String content){&#xA;        String driverWindows = driver.toString();&#xA;        driver.switchTo().frame(selenium.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='frame1']&quot;)));         &#xA;        String driverIFrame = driver.toString();&#xA;        WebElement contentTextArea = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 3))&#xA;                .until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='tiny1']/p&quot;)));&#xA;        contentTextArea.sendKeys(content);&#xA;        driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two &lt;code&gt;driverWindows&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;driverIFrame&lt;/code&gt; always return the same string, it means the &lt;code&gt;web driver&lt;/code&gt; has not switched, right? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you help me access to  elements? &#xA;Please do let me know if require any further details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-09-12T11:29:18.383" LastActivityDate="2018-09-12T11:29:18.383" Title="Unable to handle iFrame in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13607" CreationDate="2015-06-26T10:05:02.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;driver.getWindowHandle()&lt;/code&gt; to see if the focus has switched to another window. This method returns a unique id for every frame.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;By.Id(&quot;frame1&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; to locate by id, this is much cleaner than XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;sendKeys&lt;/code&gt; is equivalent to typing text on the keyboard. But you're sending this to a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element; as far as I know this will result is nothing. You need an editable control to type text into.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T10:05:02.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13624" CreationDate="2015-06-26T10:45:54.253" Score="0" ViewCount="32153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I Downloaded the war file from the Jenkins site and started on custom port.&#xA;&quot;INFO: Jenkins is fully up and running&quot; is shown after running several instructions. But when I tried it on a browser with &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:port&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:port&lt;/a&gt;&quot; it is not connecting. It's throwing a message: &quot;the webpage is not available&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My system contain java version 1.6 and the downloaded version of Jenkins is 1.5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know how to resolve this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-26T21:36:20.943" LastActivityDate="2021-02-19T19:51:43.307" Title="Unable to launch the Jenkins on browser" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13585" CreationDate="2015-06-26T14:52:05.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its difficult to get an idea of what you are after without a bit more information but a bit of background;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Webdriver is a framework which helps you select and manipulate elements within a webbrowser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is compatible with a number of languages now.  Java, C#, etc&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You will likely need a testing framework such as JUnit or TestNG.  These allow you to perform Asserts (basically pass/fail conditions).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created a base suite using Java+TestNG which might help you get up and running. It's free to use, share, and Improve! &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ECiurleo/webdriverBase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/ECiurleo/webdriverBase&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This project uses a build manager called Maven.  This will download all the dependant files you need automatically when you open the project.  Hopefully it will give you a starting point from which to build on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T14:52:05.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13611" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-26T15:08:33.880" Score="-3" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;The application has to be automated. What test cases I will consider to automate .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T21:44:40.053" Title="Steps for identifying test cases to automate" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-07-01T11:16:20.003" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13578" CreationDate="2015-06-26T15:27:30.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a quick look at the site, it appears that you only see the elements in the source after you mouseover so first thing to do is enter &quot;guragon&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Wait for the results&#xA;        WebElement autofill= wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;keyword_suggest&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you will then need to iterate through the divs/spans below it to create a list of results and check if it is returned&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allElements = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='keyword_suggest']/div/span&quot;)); &#xA;&#xA;    for (WebElement element: allElements) {&#xA;          System.out.println(element.getText());&#xA;          if (element.contains(&quot;THE NAME YOU WANT&quot;)){&#xA;          break;&#xA;          }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps! (please note that although i tried to make the code applicable some is psudo code)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T15:27:30.840" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13611" CreationDate="2015-06-26T18:38:29.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A generic answer here is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Essential stuff like login. It's a start.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy to automate functions to acquire some coverage, fast.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs as you encounter then, this is good practice and already receiving attention anyway.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fragile functionality as determined by your developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This list goes on, of course. In the end 100% coverage is the goal. Which never will be reached. But that is another story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T18:38:29.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13607" CreationDate="2015-06-26T18:41:51.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(frameName)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11544" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T18:41:51.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12099" CreationDate="2015-06-26T19:52:59.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please, check the below mantis answer &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mantis.testlink.org/view.php?id=5100&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mantis.testlink.org/view.php?id=5100&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12495" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T19:52:59.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12099" CreationDate="2015-06-26T20:10:23.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;it's not possible, as you can see when creating custom fields there is no option for custom fields for Test Case STEP&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6038" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T20:10:23.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13611" CreationDate="2015-06-26T21:44:40.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When trying to figure out what to automate I like the questions (and advice) from this &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/18-what-to-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Elemental Selenium Tip&lt;/a&gt;. It basically says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A great way to increase your chances of automated web testing success is to map out a testing strategy. And the best way to do it is to answer these four questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does your business make money?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do your users use your application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What browsers are your users using?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What things have broken in the application before?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you map out a strategy based on these ideas. I like to throw my strategy into a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3162/are-mind-maps-useful-as-a-testing-tool&quot;&gt;Mindmap&lt;/a&gt; so I can share it with the rest of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure you can automate easy things but ideally you'd be able to start with the easy as you work towards the important things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-26T21:44:40.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13572" CreationDate="2015-06-27T01:20:16.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coverage of state transitions&#xA;Coverage of environment combinations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It says, that structural is everything which is based un underlying code or alike.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't really see any practical use of this division.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T01:20:16.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13585" CreationDate="2015-06-27T01:21:47.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenide.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenide&lt;/a&gt;. It's just a more convenient and readable Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1781" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T01:21:47.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13586" CreationDate="2015-06-27T08:05:04.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that all online drives solutions have APIs allowing building client programs and manipulating data programmatically. From JMeter you can use 2 options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SOAP or REST API. Both are HTTP-based and you will be able to use JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Sampler&lt;/a&gt; to execute API call. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Java API. JMeter is a pure Java application and it provides &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#BeanShell_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell Sampler&lt;/a&gt; which is capable of executing arbitrary &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.beanshell.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell&lt;/a&gt; code (valid Beanshell code in 99% of cases is valid Java code). So you can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;download your online drive Java Client API library (usually .jar file)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;copy .jar file(s) to /lib folder of your JMeter installation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using Beanshell Sampler develop code to locate the file on the online drive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use the file location in JMeter script or wherever you need it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for documentation on SOAP/REST or Java API for your online drive for details on method to access file location and see &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to use BeanShell: JMeter's favorite built-in component&lt;/a&gt; guide to learn more on Beanshell scripting specifics in Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T08:05:04.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13572" CreationDate="2015-06-27T10:06:44.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are the following types of test coverage criteria:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;structural criteria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;data criteria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;fault-model criteria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;requirements-based criteria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;criteria based on explicit test case specifications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;criteria based on statistical methods for random test data generation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;criteria based on mutation-analysis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All criteria except the first one are non-structural.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information sources:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=8hAGtY4-oOoC&amp;amp;lpg=PP1&amp;amp;pg=PA109#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Practical Model-Based Testing: A Tools Approach&lt;/a&gt; book, page 109;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://is.uni-paderborn.de/uploads/tx_sibibtex/Coverage_Criteria_for_Testing_DMM_Specifications.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coverage Criteria for Testing DMM Specifications&lt;/a&gt; thesis, page 12;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Justyna_Zander/publication/235641058_A_Taxonomy_of_Model-Based_Testing_for_Embedded_Systems_from_Multiple_Industry_Domains/links/09e4151236657dc884000000.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Taxonomy of Model-Based Testing for Embedded Systems from Multiple Industry Domains&lt;/a&gt; article, page 9;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=nxe6BQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA314&amp;amp;pg=PA314#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Model-Based Testing&lt;/a&gt; article;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cse.chalmers.se/edu/year/2012/course/DIT848/files/06-Selecting-Tests.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Model-Based Testing&lt;/a&gt; lecture, page 2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T10:18:09.590" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13622" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-06-27T15:14:11.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Test Like a User&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is built on top of &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which uses native events and browser-specific drivers to interact with applications as a user would.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;For AngularJS Apps&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt; supports Angular-specific locator strategies, which allows the testing of Angular-specific elements without any setup effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Automatic Waiting&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You no longer need to add waits and sleeps to your test. Protractor can automatically execute the next step in your test the moment the webpage finishes pending tasks, so you don’t have to worry about waiting for your test and webpage to sync.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Additional Resources&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/style-guide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor Style Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/CarmenPopoviciu/protractor-styleguide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Unofficial Protractor Style Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10697" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T16:15:42.393" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T16:15:42.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13623" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-06-27T15:14:11.750" Score="0" Body="An end-to-end test framework for AngularJS applications. Protractor runs tests against applications running in a real browser, interacting with it as a user would." OwnerUserId="10697" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T17:28:38.143" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T17:28:38.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13609" CreationDate="2015-06-27T18:33:57.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Niels has already mentioned try this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:8080/jenkins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:8080/jenkins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:port&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:port&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let us know if this works&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-06-27T18:33:57.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13625" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-27T18:55:06.567" Score="2" ViewCount="43085" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read that there is no &quot;sure shot&quot; way of knowing that an image is loaded or displayed on a webpage using Selenium. I want to know the reason behind it, as to why this is completely not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried three different kinds of checks and I see they all return the incorrect result, i.e. even if the image is broken, the result returns true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using JavaScript Executor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get('http://demo.tanmaysarkar.com/sample_04.html')&#xA;&#xA;image1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//img[contains(@alt,'image two')]&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;bool(driver.execute_script(&quot;return arguments[0].complete &amp;amp;&amp;amp; typeof arguments[0].naturalWidth != \&quot;undefined\&quot; &amp;amp;&amp;amp; arguments[0].naturalWidth &amp;gt; 0&quot;, image1))&#xA;&#xA;if not bool:&#xA;    print('d')&#xA;&#xA;else:&#xA;    print('c')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This returns 'c' for image two on the given webpage, which should not be the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using size attribute&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if image1.size != 0 :&#xA;    print(&quot;good&quot;)&#xA;else:&#xA;    print('food')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again returns 'good', which I'm not expecting it to do. And finally, being captain obvious:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using is_displayed( ) method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if image1.is_displayed():&#xA;    print('foo')&#xA;&#xA;else:&#xA;    print('fii')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;prints 'foo', which again is not expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm curious to know what else I can to do a sort of assert truly if the image is shown or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can checking for a 404 error code help here? I am taking this from this example that I came upon - &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/67-broken-images&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Broken Images check&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help/suggestion/explanation would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T05:10:32.097" LastActivityDate="2020-11-24T12:47:31.247" Title="Verifying if an image Is displayed on a webpage" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13627" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-28T08:50:39.760" Score="1" ViewCount="2285" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unable to click the hidden link (&quot;WatchBanking&quot;) after using &lt;code&gt;moveToElement()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement lnkW2yB=dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='/personal/ways_to_bank/ways-to-bank-landing']&quot;));&#xA;    Actions act=new Actions(dr);&#xA;    act.moveToElement(lnkW2yB).build().perform();&#xA;    WebElement Span=dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(text(),'Bank with your Watch')]&quot;));&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(dr,20);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(Span));&#xA;    act.moveToElement(Span).build().perform();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000L);&#xA;    WebElement lnk=dr.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;WatchBanking&quot;));&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(lnk));&#xA;    act.moveToElement(lnk).click(lnk).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It moves to the span (&quot;Bank with your Watch&quot;) and shows the link (&quot;WatchBanking&quot;), but it's not clicking on &quot;WatchBanking&quot; due to its immediate disappearance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please give me any solution on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12499" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T11:41:56.860" LastActivityDate="2019-06-07T09:51:17.883" Title="Mouse hover Action - Unable to click hidden link" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13299" CreationDate="2015-06-28T11:04:36.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is a good question!&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Controller&lt;/strong&gt; is showing “average” response time since in online it receives only “&lt;strong&gt;aggregated&lt;/strong&gt;” values from all vusers/hosts.&#xA;Controller has no details(per vuser)  in “live” mode.&#xA;Only after scenario completion, Analysis gather (collate) all the details from all LGs (where they were kept during scenario run) and allow customer analyze them “offline” in Analysis.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Analysis&lt;/strong&gt; will enable you to drill down up to certain single transaction of certain vuser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dan Belfer, LoadRunner QA team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12500" LastActivityDate="2015-06-28T11:04:36.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12840" CreationDate="2015-06-28T15:49:43.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Web apps consist of two parts: front-end and backend. Front-end lives in a browser instance, so you don't need to verify front-end itself for more than one users, while backend you should -- it will collect data from many users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, still overloaded backend may impact performance of the frontend, because I expect there's some &quot;thread&quot; in JavaScript that buffers usability data in the background and sends them occasionally to the backend. When a backend is overloaded it may not able to process all incoming data, so frontend becomes non-responsive. You could e.g., load test backend with multiple users requests and see whether you are still able to use frontend as one of the users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may also happen this monitoring &quot;thread&quot; is so resource-consuming that it interferes with main functionality of the app, e.g. you are not able to fill in or scroll document. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sum, I would perform three types of performance tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load test backend with monitoring and non-monitoring requests and check its response time: JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load test backend with monitoring and non-monitoring requests and check how responsive frontend in the browser is (subjective application responsiveness): JMeter + you playing with the app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open some complex part of the Web app with many JavaScript widgets and play with it for a long time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess also that buffering strategy (how much data can be buffered before sending them) might be an input variable in those tests, e.g., your developers might be curious what buffering strategy  is the best, so I would play with multiple different strategies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T07:16:26.483" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T07:16:26.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2015-06-29T06:59:44.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2 Testing Tools: Beginner’s Guide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/6gtSIg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://goo.gl/6gtSIg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing web applications using Selenium is made simple with this tutorial. Written for those &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with no prior experience, it helps you learn through practical exercises and code samples. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The perfect entry point to Selenium 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About This Book&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automate web browsers with Selenium WebDriver to test web applications&#xA;Set up Java Environment for using Selenium WebDriver&#xA;Learn good design patterns for testing web applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who This Book Is For&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a Software Quality Assurance professional, Software Project Manager, or a Software &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developer interested in automated testing using Selenium, this book is for you. Web-based &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;application developers will also benefit from this book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What You Will Learn&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn the basics of breaking down a web application for testing&#xA;Understand AJAX calls and how they work with your tests&#xA;Create basic scripts that allow you to recreate issues quickly&#xA;Set up Firefox Driver, Firefox profiles, and extensions&#xA;Get your tests working on mobile devices&#xA;Migrate your tests from Selenium RC to Selenium WebDriver&#xA;Handle tests quicker by running them in parallel and reduce build time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Head First Java, Second Edition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goo.gl/3oYac8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://goo.gl/3oYac8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Head First Java delivers a highly interactive, multisensory learning experience that lets new &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;programmers pick up the fundamentals of the Java language quickly. Through mind-stretching &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;exercises, memorable analogies, humorous pictures, and casual language, Head First Java &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;encourages readers to think like a Java programmer. This revised second edition focuses on &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java 5.0, the latest version of the Java development platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12510" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T06:59:44.900" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-06-29T06:59:44.900" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6592" CreationDate="2015-06-29T07:06:27.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://amzn.to/29j6D9j&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium WebDriver Practical Guide&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating automation test scripts for your web applications with Selenium WebDriver has never &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;been easier thanks to this user-friendly book. All you need is a basic knowledge of Core &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java, and then the practical tutorials supply the rest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About This Book&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Covers basic to advanced concepts of WebDriver&#xA;Learn how to design a more effective automation framework&#xA;Explores all of the APIs within WebDriver&#xA;Acquire an in-depth understanding of each concept through practical code examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who This Book Is For&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a quality assurance/testing professional, a software developer, or a web &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;application developer looking to create automation test scripts for your web applications, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is the perfect guide for you! As a prerequisite, a basic knowledge of Core Java is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;expected, although any previous knowledge of WebDriver or Selenium 1 is not needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What You Will Learn&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn the basic design of Selenium WebDriver and understand how it overcomes the limitations &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;of its predecessor&#xA;Set up and use Selenium Grid&#xA;Discover the various mechanisms used to locate web elements&#xA;Perform advanced actions such as drag-and-drop, double-click, right-click, and action &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;builders on web pages&#xA;Explore the advanced features of WebDriver such as handling cookies, taking &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;screenshotsmanaging timeouts, and browser navigations&#xA;Acquire an understanding of the various WebDriver implementations such as Firefox Driver, IE &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Driver, and Chrome Driver&#xA;Explore WebDriver EventListeners&#xA;Design effective automation frameworks using the PageObject pattern&#xA;Learn how to deal with the latest features of WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://amzn.to/29j6tyI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlock the full potential of Selenium WebDriver to test your web applications in a wide range &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;of situations. The countless recipes and code examples provided ease the learning curve and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;provide insights into virtually every eventuality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About This Book&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn to leverage the power of Selenium WebDriver with simple examples that illustrate real &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;world problems and their workarounds&#xA;Each sample demonstrates key concepts allowing you to advance your knowledge of Selenium &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver in a practical and incremental way&#xA;Explains testing of mobile web applications with Selenium Drivers for platforms such as iOS &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and Android&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who This Book Is For&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This book is intended for software quality assurance/testing professionals, software project &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;managers, or software developers with prior experience in using Selenium and Java for testing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;web-based applications. This book also provides examples for C#, Python, and Ruby users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What You Will Learn&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Understand Locators and use various locator methods to build reliable tests&#xA;Build reliable and maintainable tests with Selenium WebDriver API&#xA;Use PageFactory Pattern to build a robust and easy- to-maintain test framework&#xA;Build data driven tests and extend Selenium API to implement custom steps and checks&#xA;Learn to integrate and use ATDD/BDD tools such as JBehave, SpecFlow, and FitNesses with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver&#xA;Set up iPhone/iPad &amp;amp; Android simulators and devices for testing your mobile web application&#xA;Set up Selenium Grid for faster and parallel run of tests, increasing test coverage and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;reducing test execution time&#xA;Capture screenshots and videos of test runs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12510" LastEditorUserId="12510" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T03:04:37.153" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T03:04:37.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13439" CreationDate="2015-06-29T12:47:52.673" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Building the QA department from scratch is in a sense a great opportunity, as you don't have the old practices to get rid of, but then again you probably need to stress the the importance of the QA to others to get the support your departments will need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for centralizing stuff, you will probably want to pick a solution that support requirements, manual- and automated testing well as well as issues. It will be so much easier for you when all these things work together. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For requirements: Developers probably have a idea where they keep requirements / user stories / design docs already. Still, your testers benefit if they can import relevant part of that info to their testing tool for test design / test execution purposes. If the developers can be persuaded to use your test management tools requirement part - all the better. Pick a good one and they will!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test automation / manual testing: For web dev it makes sense to automate stuff. But, almost ever ALL the things are not worthwhile to automate. There is a place for manual testing. Pick a tool that can combine these two. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Issues management is a must. If it is well integrated to your testing tool, it helps you pick tests for re-testing / finding the problematic areas in your app under test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.melioratestlab.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Meliora Testlab&lt;/a&gt; for test management/ALM, and it does it's part great. It is especially efficient with team communication. I would also recommend looking at &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt;. It has a smart approach on automated testing ( although you will need an addon to run Selenium tests with that). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides getting the tools in place I recommend giving a thought early on what is expected of everyone on the project. It is not advicable to retrict people from doing what is most efficient, but QA manager will want to make sure there are not gaps on what people are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7947" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T12:47:52.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2015-06-29T12:49:37.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1935182579&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Effective Unit Testing&lt;/a&gt; by Lasse Koskela&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not really generic as some already mentioned books. The subtitle of the book is &quot;A guide for Java developers&quot; and all the examples are written in JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, the major part of the book is it's Catalog of &quot;test smells&quot;. There we get nice list of usual mistakes/bad practices (and advices on how to avoid them) that are often encountered in unit testing in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12515" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T12:49:37.210" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-06-29T12:49:37.210" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13637" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-06-29T12:55:21.653" Score="2" ViewCount="254" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one web page, all the elements on that page are generated by java script code. I want to click on one of the button on that page, I was able to do this using the chrome driver,FF Driver but failed to achieve the same with Remote Web Driver class. If anybody worked around it, please let me know. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-06-29T23:57:55.210" LastActivityDate="2020-01-13T01:14:31.130" Title="Clicking on java script generated dynamic elements using Remote Web Driver in selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13627" CreationDate="2015-06-29T13:22:17.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If link is not visible, &lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(lnk));&lt;/code&gt; will time out. Wait cannot succeed if link is hidden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, Selenium does only what user could do. If user cannot click on a link because it is hidden, Selenium cannot either. That's the whole point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T13:22:17.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13639" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13640" CreationDate="2015-06-29T15:39:15.817" Score="3" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if there is a template for test case documentation online, preferably on excel. After searching for some useful information, I am not finding anything I like. I have written these by myself over the years and am just trying to speed the process up. I realize that I will be making my own by tweaking what I find, but I need a good starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2019-10-28T15:50:35.153" Title="Good resource for a test case document" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13639" CreationDate="2015-06-29T18:20:19.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This link should be a good start: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/test-case-template-examples/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/test-case-template-examples/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12200" LastActivityDate="2015-06-29T18:20:19.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13641" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-06-30T20:14:31.400" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-06-30T20:14:31.400" LastActivityDate="2015-06-30T20:14:31.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13642" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-06-30T20:14:31.400" Score="0" Body="LoadRunner is a performance testing tool by HP." OwnerUserId="9071" LastEditorUserId="9071" LastEditDate="2015-07-01T11:16:32.720" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T11:16:32.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13654" CreationDate="2015-07-01T05:16:16.907" Score="3" ViewCount="1024" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to write first time ios app test cases. I don't understand the different cases between android application and ios application of the same application. I know functionality-wise both are the same, which cases are included into the ios application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2019-04-18T06:54:44.217" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T06:54:44.217" Title="Define different cases of Android test cases and ios test cases in same application" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13644" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-01T05:18:24.543" Score="4" ViewCount="1587" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a particular end to end test scenario which am trying to automate using Selenium Webdriver. If I automate the whole scenario into one test case, the test case is going to take a minimum of 25 minutes to complete which I don't think would be ideal. The scenario is somewhat like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a new competition. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add teams to Competition. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate matches   using automatic Fixture generation tool. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter Results to matches.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Publish Results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking of breaking it down into multiple test cases, each testing a specific functionality but still interconnected. So the first test case will verify creation of a competition. The second test case will add teams to competitions created in the first test case And so on... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure automated test specialists have already faced this sort of issue and already designed a solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12528" LastEditorUserId="12528" LastEditDate="2015-07-01T05:49:01.547" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T15:51:05.923" Title="How to break down a single test case that covers an entire process into multiple interconnected tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13644" CreationDate="2015-07-01T10:13:26.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you are using Selenium webdriver for automation, u can use cucumber framework approach to breakdown the test cases. A simple Gherkin format is used to breakdown the test cases, and also helpful to reuse the code number of times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/cucumber/first-cucumber-selenium-java-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.toolsqa.com/cucumber/first-cucumber-selenium-java-test/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above link gives the cucumber format UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure. You can break the tests and minimize the time in scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T10:13:26.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13637" CreationDate="2015-07-01T10:49:22.080" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you creating object for the &lt;code&gt;RemoteWebdriver&lt;/code&gt; class and setting the capablities for the firefox browser and chrome browser, on which you want to run the tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;RemoteWebDriver driver=new RemoteWebDriver();&#xA;capability = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pass the capability object to the driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T01:14:31.130" LastActivityDate="2020-01-13T01:14:31.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13648" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-01T10:58:19.217" Score="1" ViewCount="9575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to automation (Selenium ). I am working as manual tester and recently got a task related to selenium automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have basic knowledge of selenium and very good knowledge of C#. I can create a simple test in Selenium like login, check mail, send mail etc., but all this is in one page and has no input from excel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need a framework that takes input from and compares expected results with excel data. I can change example code according to my needs.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12072" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-07-01T11:29:23.140" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T10:26:16.243" Title="Selenium framework using C# and excel" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13648" CreationDate="2015-07-01T11:05:42.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just use an Excel library to load data from Excel files and use that data in your Asserts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C# and Excel: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/657131/how-to-read-data-of-an-excel-file-using-c&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/657131/how-to-read-data-of-an-excel-file-using-c&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C# and Asserts: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.visualstudio.testtools.unittesting.assert.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.visualstudio.testtools.unittesting.assert.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T11:05:42.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-01T12:20:13.603" Score="-1" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please provide what a Performance Test Automation Tool Stack is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12532" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:54:45.493" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T03:45:32.457" Title="Performance Test Automation Tool Stack" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-07-05T22:54:56.070" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13650" CreationDate="2015-07-01T12:41:59.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope this is repeated question. &#xA;The Answer to this question can be found in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30999552/which-is-the-best-performance-testing-tool-when-i-dont-know-the-client-applicati/31003937#31003937&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30999552/which-is-the-best-performance-testing-tool-when-i-dont-know-the-client-applicati/31003937#31003937&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T12:41:59.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13650" CreationDate="2015-07-01T12:52:56.667" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most popular tools are listed below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tech.yandex.com/tank/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yandex.Tank&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/us/en/software-solutions/loadrunner-load-testing/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HP LoadRunner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neotys.com/product/overview-neoload.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NeoLoad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here are few comparisons of them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grinder vs Gatling vs Tsung vs JMeter (September 2015)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blackanvil.blogspot.com/2006/06/shootout-load-runner-vs-grinder-vs.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LoadRunner vs Grinder vs JMeter (June 2006 not up to date anymore)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/performance.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter vs NeoLoad vs JMeter (November 2017)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more comprehensive list of tools also look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/performance.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;www.opensourcetesting.org&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastEditorUserId="5126" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T03:45:32.457" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T03:45:32.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13643" CreationDate="2015-07-01T14:24:07.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although you will be testing on different devices, the test cases should be the same for both operating systems. The test cases should define functionality and expected results given fixed inputs. Although Android and ios are different, I assume you want the application to functionally run the same in both environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12200" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T14:24:07.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13665" CreationDate="2015-07-01T14:52:11.693" Score="1" ViewCount="3423" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found several questions related to this one particular travel website &lt;a href=&quot;http://makemytrip.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MakeMyTrip&lt;/a&gt;, so I tried to automating it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was successful in selecting the primary details and getting on the Flight listings page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to select the cheapest flight combination out of the available options. Now the website has an option, which always shows the lowest flight combination. I was hoping to use it to book the flight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LPAXs.png&quot; alt=&quot;Flight Listings&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the way I thought was doing this-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recognising that the cheapest Flights tab is present- using &lt;code&gt;present_of_element_located&lt;/code&gt; expected conditions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clicking on the Book button to get to next page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue I am facing is recognizing the Cheapest Flight tag. I tried to recognize it by xpath, but the test failed because it didn't find the element. &#xA;I am using Firebug to check the xpath, and it comes as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id='content']/div/div[2]/div/div/div[3]/div[4]/a[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried this xpath, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='stk_btm_toptabs']//a[@class='stk_btm_chpFlight'][text='cheapest Flights']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but failed both times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question here is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why did the Firebug generated xpath fail?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mistake in my xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I tried removing these checks to directly click on book button but it is also failing, probably because the tag comes a tad second after the page loads. And that is why I was thinking of waiting until the time the tag is loaded and visible on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the piece of code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, &quot;//div[@class='clearfix']//a[@class='stk_btm_chpFlight'][text='cheapest Flights']&quot;)))&#xA;&#xA;    bookbtn=driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='content']/div/div[2]/div/div/div[3]/div[3]/div/div[2]/span/span[2]/a&quot;)&#xA;    bookbtn.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T06:40:05.180" Title="Selenium webdriver not recognizing div element" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13639" CreationDate="2015-07-01T15:03:14.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a few links which may also be useful to you :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=4217458&amp;amp;mid=download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=4217458&amp;amp;mid=download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=4189478&amp;amp;mid=book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=4189478&amp;amp;mid=book&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=1671349&amp;amp;mid=download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=1671349&amp;amp;mid=download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=850017&amp;amp;mid=download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=850017&amp;amp;mid=download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=824754&amp;amp;mid=download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/index.php?document_srl=824754&amp;amp;mid=download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T15:03:14.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2015-07-01T15:04:59.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://xebialabs.com/products/xl-testview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tool&lt;/a&gt; that was just launched by a company called &lt;a href=&quot;https://xebialabs.com/products/xl-testview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XebiaLabs&lt;/a&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the tool is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://xebialabs.com/products/xl-testview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestView&lt;/a&gt; and does exactly what you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;XL TestView is the first test results management and analysis tool&#xA;  that allows you to define and execute tests across your full spectrum&#xA;  of test tools, then aggregate and visualize the results to provide&#xA;  insight into your application's quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12535" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-01T18:36:40.207" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T18:36:40.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13659" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13671" CreationDate="2015-07-01T16:21:28.993" Score="2" ViewCount="515" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I was in an interview and they asked these questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What test methodologies are applicable for web-based software but not for desktop?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can Severity or Priority change during bug life cycle?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12536" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-07-02T11:14:03.300" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T11:34:18.767" Title="Test methodologies applicable for web based and not for desktop" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13644" CreationDate="2015-07-01T17:23:19.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently in a similar situation, except not with Selenium, but with CodedUI. I think for the concept the technology does not really matter. We have defined a critical path with functional locations that are most critical to our application. This because we have nearly no automated test coverage and want to start with the most important parts first, this to give fast feedback to our developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We start the testrun with a minimal dataset, just the bare minimum to start the application. Afterwards we create users, give them rights, enter maintenance data and walk through the whole workflow of our application in an automated test chain. The whole chain now takes around 30 minutes to execute and is growing rapidly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be able to start a part of the test chain standalone we cut the critical path into 100+ smaller tests. Each test Arranges the data, Acts the function and Asserts that it was succesful. Then it saves its database state to a backup file which is named after its class + methodname and the database version number. (If the database version is increased all these backups are invalided and deleted.) The arrange function of the next test in the chain depends on the previous test and starts with a function &lt;code&gt;DependsOn(Class.testMethod)&lt;/code&gt;. The &lt;code&gt;DependsOn()&lt;/code&gt; function, checks if a database backup exists and if so restores it and brings the application in the expected state. If it does not exist it executes the previous test in the chain and restores the backup file created by that test. Its possible that a test started later in the chain, calls a lot of other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our single test flow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load backup of application state of previous test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login and bring the application on the correct page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrange some more data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Act test steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert outcome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logout/close application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save application state to backup file with unique TestMethod name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be important to login, navigate and logout the application. This way you are sure the start of the test is in the expected state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it is possible to re-run tests in the end of the chain very fast, because they just need to restore the previous state and act its steps. This beats running the test for 25 minutes just to see it fail due to a human error in your test code... :) This makes test debugging easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For test development I would suggest to be able to run the chain on a virtual machine and in find a easy way to get the application states to your development machine, so that you do not have to wait for appending new tests to the chain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reasons not todo this&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests depends on other tests. If one test in the beginning of the chains fails, the whole chain fails. This could be a problem if the reasons it fails is a low priority or if you do not run your tests on each checkin and fixing it costs a lot of time. In this &quot;failed&quot; state other developers might be breaking functionality further up the chain and you are not aware of.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saving and restoring the application state costs time and is a bit overhead.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It makes the test framework more complex and its not always clear on which tests to depends. Certainly for newcomers to the test suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have forks half way in our chain which have started to live their own life.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changing tests in the beginning of the chain can be dangerous, later tests can fail, because of changed background data. This could be time consuming in researching tests fails.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why are we doing this then???&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main reason is because its currently very hard to generate the test data from code. We want all test-data to be generated, because we don't want to maintain test databases for each test, nor do we want to duplicate database queries from the original code. Also we don't want to repeat all the setup steps for each test run, because this would make the individual test run very slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Our future and preferred solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Slowly we are working on Classes with which both the tests and the application can create states and data. Preventing code duplication and updating tests after the code was changed. We have special TestSet classes which call the application classes and models to generate the state we want and provide the application state we expect. Eventually we will not need our chain anymore hopefully. But refactoring and restructuring all the background data is very time consuming in a 10+ year old application with millions of lines of code, also this process is dangerous without test coverage. Slowly we are moving out of this Legacy situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to be able to run each test in isolation, because as the test suite grows you want to be able to run them in parellel to speed up the testrun. Also you want to run the whole suit per checkin, so it becomes less time consuming to figure out what broke something. Even better you want to run the tests before the checkin is checked-in, with a pre-commit hook, to prevent the main branch to contain a broke state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-01T18:28:11.647" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T18:28:11.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13659" CreationDate="2015-07-01T18:16:43.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am assuming that the first question you ask is: &lt;strong&gt;what are test methodologies for web based and for desktop based applications?&lt;/strong&gt; because it doesn't make sense when I read it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test methodologies differ greatly between web and desktop applications, that is a wide topic to get into. I can put a few topics on the items listed but there are many good internet resources to lay that out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Web&lt;/strong&gt; - relies solely on a browser to test, requires multiple browser testing for valid testing data, need to be mindful of network outages and it's behaviors, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desktop&lt;/strong&gt; - relies solely on a users computer to test, requires multiple OS testing for valid testing data, need to be mindful of computer limitations to run the software, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Those again, are just &lt;strong&gt;a&lt;/strong&gt; few, I could go on with differences for days between these two categories.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity, priority can definitely change during the life cycle; even though it isn't considered &lt;strong&gt;'best practice'&lt;/strong&gt;. Information coming in might change the aspect of the work that is taking place. So for instance: &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You begin work in a sprint where a &lt;strong&gt;'login'&lt;/strong&gt; page is being reworked to better suite the customers, this isn't a very high priority because it will be a new page that will replace an existing one that works. During the sprint lifecycle something happens to the existing page that is preventing users from logging in, priority is upgraded on the item by &lt;strong&gt;business decision&lt;/strong&gt;; instead of patching the existing page they would like to roll out the new login page at the end of the sprints work to adequately fix the problem at hand. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T18:16:43.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13659" CreationDate="2015-07-01T22:11:05.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Methodologies&lt;/strong&gt; for the web based applications describes about the different types of testing methods, which should be used for ensuring the quality of the product. Testing Methodologies include Unit Testing, Functional Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing and Acceptance Testing etc. These methodologies are part of the Test Plan and one has to define the same before starting the actual testing. Yes, one can always come back and update the test plan for any new method which is required for quality of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember Testing Methodologies are very different from Testing Approach, as some people mix both the terms and practices, though both can be part of same Test Plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second query, yes you can change Severity and Priority of Bug during Bug life cycle, even during Bug Triage meetings Priority and Severity of bugs are discussed and then updated if required. As the name 'Priority' itself suggest 'Importance of Bug' so it is Testing stage dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-01T22:11:05.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13664" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-02T03:04:07.017" Score="2" ViewCount="3107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Python to write a Selenium test script and I have not been able to use it to enter data for a text area. Entering data into this area appears to trigger a JavaScript function that caches the data for later submission to the server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the test Selenium successfully enters the value into the text area but upon saving it the value disappears and my system throws a validation error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using IE 11 (the app is only partially functional in Firefox or Chrome).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the Python code for updating the text area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get_element_by_id('product_description').send_keys('This is a product')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am now trying to figure out how to get the page to trigger the JavaScript code so that the data is properly configured for submission to the server. I have tried several different methods to do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get_element_by_id('product_description').clear()&#xA;driver.get_element_by_id('product_description').click()&#xA;driver.get_element_by_id('product_description').send_keys('This is a product')&#xA;driver.get_element_by_id('product_description').send_keys(Keys.TAB)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other ways to enter data into this text area? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5794" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:59:02.750" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:59:02.750" Title="Problem with Selenium send_keys function and JavaScript event triggered by data change" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13656" CreationDate="2015-07-02T06:55:29.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is your element placed inside an iFrame? If it's in iFrame, you should switch driver to that iFrame first and then try to access the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also try accessing the element with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.clearfix.stk_btm_toptabs.text-center&amp;gt;a.stk_btm_chpFlight.active&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T06:40:05.180" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T06:40:05.180" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13594" CreationDate="2015-07-02T07:32:05.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This looks like an issue with the driver. Looks like a bug with the code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ios-driver/ios-driver/issues/369&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/ios-driver/ios-driver/issues/369&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update 3/24/2017: The linked issue is still open. The driver appears to have continuing issues with this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-24T19:23:44.153" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T19:23:44.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13668" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-02T08:41:30.747" Score="2" ViewCount="11421" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently experimenting with the Python version of Selenium Web Driver. Using the driver has been straight forward so far but I have been struggling recently with the issue of mocking &lt;code&gt;HTTP&lt;/code&gt; responses. Is there a Python package that allows you to mock &lt;code&gt;HTTP&lt;/code&gt; responses in web applications programmatically ? i.e. it allows Selenium to send real &lt;code&gt;HTTP&lt;/code&gt; requests (by clicking on a link in the application for example) but then intercepts them and sends back fake &lt;code&gt;HTTP&lt;/code&gt; responses that were created by me via code. Those fake responses will, of course, be displayed by the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has to be one that can integrate perfectly with Python Web Driver and does not interfere with its communication with the web application. A bonus would be to be able to tally all the requests made to a specific URL (or URL regular expression)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on neo's suggestion below, I implemented the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; I downloaded the original browsermob-proxy (JAVA version) and saved it in &lt;code&gt;C:\Users\johnsmith\Computer_Code\browsermob-proxy-2.1.0-beta-1\&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; I installed the Python client of browsermob-proxy. The egg file was installed in &lt;code&gt;C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3)&lt;/strong&gt; I created a fake HTML page and saved it in &lt;code&gt;C:\Users\johnsmith\Computer_Code\Python\Automation_Testing&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML page code is shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;title&amp;gt;Welcome to my fun page&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;meta charset = &quot;UTF-8&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;Search Python.org&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;Mocking is not going well so far !!&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;img src = &quot;http://i.imgur.com/EjcKmEj.gif&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4)&lt;/strong&gt; I navigated to the folder in step 3 above using the command line and then executed the following command: python -m SimpleHTTPServer&#xA;This started a server on port 8000 for the purpose of serving the fake HTML file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5)&lt;/strong&gt; I wrote the following simple code that uses Selenium WebDriver to try and navigate to the Python home page. Using Browsermob's rewrite function, I tried to replace the real response to the request for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.python.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.python.org&lt;/a&gt; with the fake HTML page in step 3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# contents of Selenium_WebDriver_Mocking_test.py&#xA;&#xA;import browsermobproxy&#xA;import selenium.webdriver as driver&#xA;import time&#xA;&#xA;website_homepage_url = &quot;http://www.python.org&quot;&#xA;&#xA;server = browsermobproxy.Server(&quot;C:\Users\johnsmith\Computer_Code\\browsermob-proxy-2.1.0-beta-1\\bin\\browsermob-proxy&quot;)&#xA;server.start()&#xA;proxy = server.create_proxy()&#xA;&#xA;profile = driver.FirefoxProfile()&#xA;profile.set_proxy(proxy.selenium_proxy())&#xA;browser = driver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)&#xA;&#xA;proxy.new_har(&quot;Python.org&quot;)&#xA;proxy.rewrite_url(website_homepage_url, 'http://localhost:8000/Fake_Search_Results_Page.html')&#xA;browser.get(website_homepage_url)&#xA;&#xA;time.sleep(10)&#xA;&#xA;proxy.har  # returns a HAR JSON blob&#xA;&#xA;server.stop()&#xA;browser.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The result of running the above code was a page with the following message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error response.   Error code 404.   Message: File not found.   Error code explanation: 404 = Nothing matches the given URI.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where did I go wrong ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12545" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T19:33:33.917" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T19:33:33.917" Title="Mocking HTTP reponses in Selenium Web Driver using Python" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13669" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-02T09:58:18.860" Score="1" ViewCount="4733" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one scenario i.e.. I have one web view to take all actions(click,send-keys,opening new window) and locator types(ex: xpath,id,name and cssClassName) with these values I am going to create a selenium script and executing using selenium grid (All these things will be happens with the help of servlets).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Issue : Lets take the sample scenario, I have three machines A,B and C . In the machine A is configured as a server hub and Machine B and C are configured as a Node's . So when I am try to create and execute the selenium script through WebUI(which is explained above) ,the browsers was opening in either machine B or C but I want to open a browser in which machine webUI was used to create a selenium script.Is it possible ???.If yes please let me know&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T14:32:06.043" Title="Executing on a selected node in selenium grid" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13670" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-02T10:22:00.630" Score="1" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a situation I'm trying to handle. I am using webdriver, C#. when I tried using the CSSSelector it is just reading the parameter as a string. Kindly look into it.This is the HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;select2-container select2&quot; id=&quot;s2id_UserRole&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot; class=&quot;select2-choice&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot;&amp;gt;   &#xA;***&amp;lt;span class=&quot;select2-chosen&quot; id=&quot;select2-chosen-7&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;***&#xA;&amp;lt;abbr class=&quot;select2-search-choice-close&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;   &#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;select2-arrow&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;s2id_autogen7&quot; class=&quot;select2-offscreen&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;select2-focusser select2-offscreen&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; aria-haspopup=&quot;true&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;select2-chosen-7&quot; id=&quot;s2id_autogen7&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;select2-drop select2-display-none select2-with-searchbox&quot;&amp;gt;   &#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;select2-search&quot;&amp;gt;       &#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;s2id_autogen7_search&quot; class=&quot;select2-offscreen&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;       &#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; autocorrect=&quot;off&quot; autocapitalize=&quot;off&quot; spellcheck=&quot;false&quot; class=&quot;select2-input&quot; role=&quot;combobox&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;true&quot; aria-autocomplete=&quot;list&quot; aria-owns=&quot;select2-results-7&quot; id=&quot;s2id_autogen7_search&quot; placeholder=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;   &#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;   &#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;select2-results&quot; role=&quot;listbox&quot; id=&quot;select2-results-7&quot;&amp;gt;   &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element I'm trying to get the ID is a dropdown with this kind of ID: &lt;code&gt;id=&quot;select2-chosen-7&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. The &quot;select-chosen-&quot; is static and numeric part is dynamic. After reading forums, all suggestion does not seem to have the answer. At the end this is the code I'm using which is still not working -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement DropDownPath = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;*[id^='select2-chosen-'][id*='select2-chosen-']&quot;));&#xA;SelectElement DropDown = new SelectElement(DropDownPath);&#xA;DropDown.SelectByText(UserConstants.UserRoleText);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12396" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T10:22:00.630" Title="Select a dropdown element with dynamic ID using Webdriver, C#" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;css&gt;&lt;dynamic-testing&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="11" ClosedDate="2015-07-08T21:44:53.770" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13659" CreationDate="2015-07-02T11:34:18.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with, there is no formally defined list of standard test methodologies. That said, there are a number of test &lt;em&gt;methods&lt;/em&gt; that are better suited to web applications than desktop applications:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTML validation - even if a desktop uses HTML display in some or all of its screens, it's not going to be as accessible as right-click - view source in any browser.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'headless' testing - with some web applications it's possible to define the request, send to the server, and parse the response without involving the user interface at all. This is typically not possible in a desktop application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing - Load testing is almost exclusively web-based. Every load test tool I've seen is designed to send HTML requests to a web server. Even if a desktop application uses N-tier architecture, it's unlikely to use HTML to handle communication between the server and the clients.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Penetration testing - unless a desktop application client communicates to a server behind a firewall, it's unlikely to be targeted by penetration testing: most of the tools available focus on web applications, as does most of the penetration testing I've been involved with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your second question, yes, absolutely a bug's severity and priority can change during its lifecycle. Some reasons for changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the bug causes more/fewer problems than it appeared to when reported. That will cause the severity to change accordingly. For instance, a bug that appears initially to be a simple display error might turn out to be the only visible indicator of internal data corruption (I've seen this happen).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the business focus changes, or time shifts: a bug that allows non-admin users unlimited access to the system might be medium priority at the start of a release cycle, but if not fixed it will be a much higher priority at the end of the release cycle (I've seen this, too).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T11:34:18.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13385" CreationDate="2015-07-02T13:30:24.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got the solution. From past days I have been checking the console output of jenkins but not &quot;jenkins.err.log&quot; file. There I have found UnknownHostException which is solved by adding the remote ip address into my hosts file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12410" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T13:30:24.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13673" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13674" CreationDate="2015-07-02T14:05:52.640" Score="0" ViewCount="1947" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a way to specify what tests run when using specrun's command line (runtests.cmd).  Is there a way to only run tests with a specific flag or specific feature file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is there another tool for kicking off tests other than runtests.cmd?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T14:11:20.670" Title="Specify what tests to run from SpecRun command line?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13673" CreationDate="2015-07-02T14:41:32.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found out that you can filter tests in the Default.srprofile, for example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Filter&amp;gt;@myTag&amp;lt;/Filter&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will only run tests with the tag @myTag.&#xA;More info is provided here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org/media/specrun.html#US18&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.specflow.org/media/specrun.html#US18&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastEditorUserId="8937" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T14:11:20.670" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T14:11:20.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13597" CreationDate="2015-07-02T19:57:43.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've solved!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you're the code that works!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package myTestProjects;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.ProfilesIni;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class identifyOpenLayersTest_02 {&#xA;&#xA;private static WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args)  throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    //Create a new profile and load my Firefox default profile &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Creo un nuovo profilo e vi carico il profilo Firefox di default ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;    ProfilesIni profile = new ProfilesIni();        &#xA;    FirefoxProfile ffProfile = profile.getProfile(&quot;default&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Create a new instance of the Firefox driver using my new Firefox profile  &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Creo una nuova sessione del browser Firefox ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver(ffProfile);&#xA;&#xA;    //Put a Implicit wait, this means that any search for elements on the page could take the time the implicit wait is set for before throwing exception&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    // It is always advisable to Maximize the window before performing DragNDrop action&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Maximize the window ...&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);        &#xA;&#xA;    // Launch the OpenLayers 2.x marker sample &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Launch the OpenLayers 2.x marker sample  ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L); &#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://dev.openlayers.org/releases/OpenLayers-2.13.1/examples/markers.html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Create a new Action instance &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Create a new Action instance ...&quot;);&#xA;    Actions act = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    // Find the viewport inside in witch there is the map   &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Find the viewport inside in witch there is the map ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;    //WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;OpenLayers_Map_2_OpenLayers_ViewPort&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;olAlphaImg&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    // Start the action sequence &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Start the action sequence  ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;    act.click().perform();        &#xA;&#xA;    // Perform the click operation that opens new window&#xA;    // Identify marker&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Identify marker at 285, 111 ...&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;    act.moveToElement(el, 285, 111).click().build().perform();  &#xA;&#xA;    // Print TEST = OK!!&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;TEST = OK !!&quot;);&#xA;    //driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the solution is about you've to consider that the markers are directly on the map image, so they are components of the browser page, so you've to refer to the right element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;core&quot; code is about this rows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;OpenLayers_Map_2_OpenLayers_ViewPort&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;olAlphaImg&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The commented row is the wrong code row referring to the viewport, the right code row refers to the object &quot;olAlphaImg&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's all!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this could be useful for others!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cesare&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T19:57:43.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13526" CreationDate="2015-07-02T20:09:10.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've solved!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surfing on the web I've found this post &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniummonk.blogspot.it/p/how-to-handle-ssl-cerificates.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniummonk.blogspot.it/p/how-to-handle-ssl-cerificates.html&lt;/a&gt; that gave me the solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to use the &quot;Firefox profile&quot; (I use the default one ...), so I can have all the certificates I need to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you're the new code that works&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package myTestProjects;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.ProfilesIni;&#xA;&#xA;public class GAMOPERA_Test_01 {&#xA;&#xA;private static WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args)  throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    ProfilesIni profile = new ProfilesIni();&#xA;    FirefoxProfile ffProfile = profile.getProfile(&quot;default&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;    // Create a new instance of the Firefox driver&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Creo una nuova sessione del browser Firefox ...&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver(ffProfile);          &#xA;&#xA;    //Put a Implicit wait, this means that any search for elements on the page could take the time the implicit wait is set for before throwing exception&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    // It is always advisable to Maximize the window before performing DragNDrop action&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Massimizzo la finestra del browser ...&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);&#xA;&#xA;    //Launch the Sistema Piemonte Home Page&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Mi collego a Sistema Piemonte ...&quot;);&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;&amp;lt;my_site_url&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L);          &#xA;&#xA;    // Find the element Accedi o &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Accesso tramite certificato digitale ...&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[6]/div/div/div[2]/form/table/tbody/tr[3]/td/input&quot;)).click();        &#xA;&#xA;    //driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;loginbutton&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000L); &#xA;&#xA;    // Print TEST = OK!!&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;TEST = OK !!&quot;);&#xA;    //driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this could be useful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12388" LastActivityDate="2015-07-02T20:09:10.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="986" CreationDate="2015-07-03T05:55:02.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try any one Book in the below Link, Which is Good QA Book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/top-20-best-agile-development-books/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/top-20-best-agile-development-books/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fromdev.com/2012/04/8-best-software-testing-books-every-qa.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.fromdev.com/2012/04/8-best-software-testing-books-every-qa.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwareqatest.com/qatbks1.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwareqatest.com/qatbks1.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T09:09:36.773" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T09:09:36.773" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-07-03T05:55:02.083" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13669" CreationDate="2015-07-03T08:06:25.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each node has three configuration items: browserName, version and platform. The version is a &quot;free&quot; format. If you give each of your nodes a made up version name (999,998 and 997) then you can use the Grid capability to force a test the run on the version name of choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start the nodes with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; -browser version=999&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your test ask for a capability:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;capability.setVersion(&quot;999&quot;);  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If only one node has this version, the test should start the run on that node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more info about Grid configration look at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-03T09:47:39.163" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T09:47:39.163" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12403" CreationDate="2015-07-03T09:18:56.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do this by following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;click on the login button&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;use the command -&gt;  d.switchTo().activeElement();&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here 'd' is the Webdriver instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you may check if there is any frame in the pop up or not. Because you have to switch to the pop up and then iframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helped :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12560" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T09:18:56.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13683" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-03T11:35:29.663" Score="1" ViewCount="2935" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TUkqX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a situation I'm trying to handle. I am using webdriver, C#. The image above is the dropdown I want to select from. This is how it works, to select from the element, first click it and a text box to enter whatever you want to pick from the list appears. Once the search is made, then select the element. The code is below.&#xA;The first body of code denotes when it has not been clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;select2-container select2&quot; id=&quot;s2id_UserRole&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot; class=&quot;select2-choice&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot;&amp;gt;   &#xA;        ***&amp;lt;span class=&quot;select2-chosen&quot; id=&quot;select2-chosen-9&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;***&#xA;            &amp;lt;abbr class=&quot;select2-search-choice-close&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;   &#xA;            &amp;lt;span class=&quot;select2-arrow&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;b role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;s2id_autogen9&quot; class=&quot;select2-offscreen&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input class=&quot;select2-focusser select2-offscreen&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; aria-haspopup=&quot;true&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;select2-chosen-9&quot; id=&quot;s2id_autogen9&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element I'm trying to get the ID is a dropdown with this kind of ID: id=&quot;select2-chosen-9&quot;. The &quot;select-chosen-&quot; is static and numeric part is dynamic. After reading forums, all suggestion does not seem to have the answer. At the end this is the code I'm using which is still not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got to understand that the search is a text which has this body of code. The code below depicts that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; autocorrect=&quot;off&quot; autocapitalize=&quot;off&quot; spellcheck=&quot;false&quot; class=&quot;select2-input&quot; &#xA;role=&quot;combobox&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;true&quot; aria-autocomplete=&quot;list&quot; aria-owns=&quot;select2-results-3&quot; id=&quot;s2id_autogen3_search&quot; &#xA;placeholder=&quot;&quot; aria-activedescendant=&quot;select2-result-label-11&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code I have tried but still not giving the right output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; DropDownPath = driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;span[id^='select-chosen-']&quot;));&#xA;for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; DropDownPath.Count; ++i)&#xA;{&#xA;    if (DropDownPath.Count == 3)&#xA;    {&#xA;        new UserValidate(driver).WaitElementVisible(DropDownPath[2].ToString());&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(DropDownPath[2].ToString())).Click();&#xA;        IWebElement ele = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#s2id_autogen3_search&quot;));&#xA;        SelectElement DropDown = new SelectElement(ele);&#xA;        DropDown.SelectByText(&quot;SuperAdimn&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12396" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:04:20.613" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:05:03.023" Title="Dynamic ID selecting text from dropdown" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;&lt;dynamic-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13664" CreationDate="2015-07-03T15:02:09.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It rather sounds like your first port of call should be talking to your development team to find out exactly what processes are affecting the text entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's definitely something moer than you know if those steps aren't providing results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10480" LastActivityDate="2015-07-03T15:02:09.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13683" CreationDate="2015-07-03T18:17:39.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your code logic seems okay but there are some parts which need to be changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First when you want to search a non static value in dynamic id, searched value should match correct pattern so your pattern can not find expected span , this code line should be changed to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.CssSelector(&quot;span[id^='-chosen-']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comment : I hope there is not any span which includes &quot;-chosen-&quot; in it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is a spelling mistake, please changed last line to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DropDown.SelectByText(&quot;SuperAdmin&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11576" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:05:03.023" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:05:03.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13686" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-04T07:54:23.740" Score="0" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to check the mail has been sent in the gmail?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have entered the mail id and sent the mail. It is giving me the line the mail has been sent. How to verify that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12567" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-04T09:00:47.693" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T12:51:20.487" Title="How to check the mail has been sent in the gmail?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13686" CreationDate="2015-07-04T09:08:09.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make sure you add a unique identifier to the subject. Open the send mail screen (by clicking the button in the left menu) and check the item is in there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If looking in the &quot;send mail&quot; screen is not enough, because you want to verify the mail is received by the other end. Then have a look at a service like &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailtrap.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mailtrap&lt;/a&gt;. You can send emails to their account, they catch the mail and then you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.mailtrap.apiary.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;API&lt;/a&gt; with which you can programmatically check the mail is received correctly. Mailtrap has a free tier, which should be sufficient for testing small amounts of email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T09:08:09.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13686" CreationDate="2015-07-04T12:18:47.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I addressed this with a small webapp that uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://javamail.java.net/nonav/docs/api/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaMail&lt;/a&gt; API to talk to Google's mail service over &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IMAP&lt;/a&gt;.  The webapp supports URLs like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/inbox/username=xxx&amp;amp;password=xxx&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This returns metadata (e.g. subject line, message number, recipient, received date) about the most recent 20 messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/message/username=xxx&amp;amp;password=xxx&amp;amp;id=xxx&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This returns the body of the specified message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/attachment/username=xxx&amp;amp;password=xxx&amp;amp;id=xxx&amp;amp;attachmentId=xxx&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This returns the specified attachment of the specified message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our QA staff use Selenium, so the output is formatted in HTML with lots of element IDs and element classes.  Of course you could could just as easily return XML or something like JSON or YAML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T12:18:47.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13686" CreationDate="2015-07-04T12:51:20.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the  MailTrack for Gmail  to check the mail has been sent or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/mailtrack-for-gmail/ndnaehgpjlnokgebbaldlmgkapkpjkkb/related?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/mailtrack-for-gmail/ndnaehgpjlnokgebbaldlmgkapkpjkkb/related?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/track-opened-gmail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/track-opened-gmail/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T12:51:20.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13597" CreationDate="2015-07-04T13:24:01.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your code example and the url you provided I figure that you just want to find a specific Element on your map click it and if the popup window opens your test is successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how you can do this in a much simpler way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ClickMarkerOnMapOpensCorrectPopupTest {&#xA;&#xA;private static WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;private static final By orangeMarkerLocator = By.id(&quot;OL_Icon_58&quot;);&#xA;private static final By orangePopupLocator = By.id(&quot;OpenLayers_Feature_61_popup_contentDiv&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args)  throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://dev.openlayers.org/releases/OpenLayers-2.13.1/examples/markers.html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Because you are searching for only one element you will search by id &#xA;    // (given that your html is consistent regarding usage of ids)&#xA;    WebElement orangeMarker = driver.findElement(orangeMarkerLocator);    &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // in your example you don't need actions, WebElement's click method is enough&#xA;    orangeMarker.click();&#xA;&#xA;    // now just make sure, that your popup is really displayed, then your test is successful&#xA;    WebElement orangePopup = driver.findElement(orangePopupLocator);&#xA;&#xA;    if (orangePopup.isDisplayed()) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;TEST = OK !!&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;TEST = NOT OK !!&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Step 3 in your desciption says you also want to close the popup again, which is possible via clicking your marker&#xA;    orangeMarker.click();&#xA;&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;} &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really need to &quot;test&quot; functionality for your product, then I would advise you use a test-framework such as testNG, which makes it way easier to handle several tests and correct behavior in case of failing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My example is not the way I would have written that text regarding Assertions, Exceptions etc., I used your example to make it easier to understand/follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12569" LastActivityDate="2015-07-04T13:24:01.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12098" CreationDate="2015-07-05T14:35:16.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is one link which I followed to connect TestLink with JIRA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://santexgroup.com/blog/integrating-jira-with-testlink-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://santexgroup.com/blog/integrating-jira-with-testlink-3/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may also help you out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/grp/post/1842435-271397324&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.linkedin.com/grp/post/1842435-271397324&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-05T14:35:16.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8821" CreationDate="2015-07-05T16:37:16.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you provide more details about values you have used in you Thread Group like it may be possible that you have used the setting 'Action to be taken after a Sampler error' as 'Stop Test' in this case as soon as JMeter encounters an error (which may be after 9 active users in your case) it will stop test and user count will start decreasing. But scenarios like these can be made more clear only after you provide complete information about the Thread Group and Setting of CSV file used (if any).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the expected behavior as mentioned in earlier response to this issue, even if thread has nothing else to do; then too it should log 25 entries i.e. one entry for each user, which is not the case, as only 9 entries are getting logged in database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-05T16:37:16.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13693" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-06T05:56:04.680" Score="0" ViewCount="1405" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to verify that an element exists on a page next to another element. I'm using Selenium WebDriver with Python bindings, but can't figure out how to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12579" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T08:53:48.830" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T08:53:48.830" Title="Verify two elements exist next to each other on a page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13696" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13824" CreationDate="2015-07-06T11:22:31.140" Score="0" ViewCount="1205" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble with making IE use proxy pac file. But it works ok with Firefox and Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Prepare proxy config&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;proxyPacFile = &quot;file:///&quot; + proxyPacFile;&#xA;&#xA;Proxy proxyPAC = new Proxy();&#xA;proxyPAC.setProxyAutoconfigUrl(proxyPacFile);&#xA;proxyPAC.setProxyType(ProxyType.PAC);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Set proxy config to capabilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS, true);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_USE_PRE_PROCESS_PROXY, true);              &#xA;capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxyPAC); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Then start RemoteWebDriver with that capabilities&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it doesn't work for IE. In connection settings I can see that address to file is correct, but IE doesn't open any page. Meanwhile in Firefox and Chrome everything works ok. Here's how I set capabilities for them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    case CHROME:                &#xA;        capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();                &#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxyPAC);             &#xA;        break;&#xA;&#xA;    case FIREFOX:&#xA;        capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;&#xA;        FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();              &#xA;        profile.setPreference(&quot;network.proxy.type&quot;, 2); &#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.PROFILE, profile);&#xA;&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxyPAC);             &#xA;        break;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need some extra capability for IE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12313" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T15:40:19.677" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T13:40:37.133" Title="Internet Explorer and proxy PAC file problem" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12906" CreationDate="2015-07-06T13:04:49.940" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't use Thread.sleep or ImplicitlyWait. The best way to wait something is explicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to use      &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(driver, 60).until(new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;                @Override&#xA;                public Boolean apply(WebDriver webDriver) {&#xA;                    return // check if file downloaded&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;            });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T13:04:49.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13693" CreationDate="2015-07-06T13:09:31.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every WebElement has a getLocation() method. You can get X and Y of the first element, then get X and Y of another element. After that just compare them to check which element is going first, and which is going next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12313" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T05:16:50.303" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T05:16:50.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12906" CreationDate="2015-07-06T14:56:20.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anything change on the page when the file has loaded?  If it does then explicitly wait for that change to occur.  I've got a packaged method in my common library that I employ in these situations (packaged so I don't need to write the entire code each time) with a default timeout set to a value that I'd reasonably expect the action to be completed within E.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static IWebElement WaitForElementToAppearOnPage(this WebSiteBase unitTest, IWebElement element, double timeout = 30.00)&#xA;        {&#xA;            var wait = new WebDriverWait(unitTest.Selenium, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeout));&#xA;            return wait.Until(driver =&amp;gt; element);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use similar methods to wait for the page to load or for ajax calls to complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-07-06T19:30:31.473" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T19:30:31.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13693" CreationDate="2015-07-06T15:29:29.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try out &lt;a href=&quot;http://galenframework.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Galen&lt;/a&gt;; it's designed for testing responsive web design across different platforms and different sized viewports, so its all about how web elements are laid out on screen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Layout testing seemed always a complex task. Galen Framework offers a&#xA;  simple solution: test location of objects relatively to each other on&#xA;  page. Using a special syntax and comprehensive rules you can describe&#xA;  any layout you can imagine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T15:29:29.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-06T15:42:38.737" Score="0" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my webdriver testcases does a file upload to the website, in order to test that attachments can be added to message posts. This is implemented easily enough with a single line of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;fileInputControl.sendKeys(fullFilePath);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is how to define, as part of the test data parameters, a string which represents a known sample file available for upload. I developed the testcase on my windows 7 PC, and the sample Chrysanthemum.jpg file is pretty much guaranteed to exist in anybody's Pictures folder (assuming they're running Windows 7), so I've got this code defining the test data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;fullFilePath = System.getenv(&quot;PUBLIC&quot;) + &quot;\\Pictures\\Sample Pictures\\Chrysanthemum.jpg&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that now I now need to start running this test on other OSes which I'm not as familiar with: Android, OSX, iOS, Windows 8, Windows 10. Does anybody know if there are similar 'sample' files which I can rely on in those platforms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T19:20:39.677" Title="On different OSes, what standard files can I assume exist which can be uploaded?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13644" CreationDate="2015-07-06T15:51:05.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium and C# via visual studio, running the tests via Nunit.  If run in their entirety my suite of tests would take over 12 hours to complete (I'm testing chrome, firefox and a single IE version in the automated suite).  My devs have assisted by providing the basic framework including the database calls and functions to alter the web.config, snapshot data etc. My tests are structured in a single solution but grouped into projects and sub-divided to cover specific functions.  The crucial thing when testing in this way is data design to make sure I keep the data sets as small as possible.  This means that some of my tests have quite a bit of 'setup' in the Arrange section but this can be minimised by using multiple data sets. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage is that I don't have to run the entire suite of tests and can concentrate on specific areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T15:51:05.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13469" CreationDate="2015-07-06T16:08:18.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a new feature doesn't pass a 'usability' check I'd expect to negotiate how to log the incident with the developers.  If it just needs a minor change (our specs are not intended to tell the devs exactly what to do but to allow them to make the best interpretation of the requirement) then I'd expect it to be added into the existing work item.  If it's a significant change that has to go back to Analysis I'd expect a new work item.  If the item has caused a related area of software to fail (we have a large degree of inherited code in some of our legacy systems) then I'd expect this to go against the original work item.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the main, I base my decision on &quot;will the system work without this change&quot; - if it works it's a new item, if it doesn't it's the original item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12238" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T16:08:18.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9179" CreationDate="2015-07-06T16:19:50.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;code&gt;selectWindow&lt;/code&gt; command to set the focus on a different window, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command         Target               Value&#xA;------------------------------------------&#xA;waitForPopUp                         15000&#xA;selectWindow   title=Hello World&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8647" LastActivityDate="2015-07-06T16:19:50.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13866" CreationDate="2015-07-06T21:13:18.470" Score="0" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;The example is Google Maps. Let's say I want to make certain that the code that I've written for placing markers on the map is correct. Is there an established way to test this? Ideally I would want to confirm that the expected marker(s) exist and are within a certain distance tolerance from the expected point?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4282" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T18:32:19.650" Title="How to test whether embedded third-party content within my web app is correct?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13668" CreationDate="2015-07-07T05:54:06.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had used &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;browsermob-proxy&lt;/a&gt; and its &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/neoalienson/browsermob-proxy-py&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python client&lt;/a&gt; successfully in one of my project by using rewrite url to load mocking content. browsermob-proxy is a proxy server for the browser to connect with during testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume you are hosting a webserver with mock content on localhost:8899, below example will load the mock content whenever the browser try to load content from test.html&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from browsermobproxy import Server&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities &#xA;from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options&#xA;&#xA;# start a proxy server that intercepts browser requests&#xA;server = Server(&amp;quot;browsermob-proxy/bin/browsermob-proxy&amp;quot;)&#xA;server.start()&#xA;proxy = server.create_proxy()&#xA;&#xA;# set the browser to use the proxy server&#xA;options = Options()&#xA;options.add_argument(&amp;quot;--proxy-server={0}&amp;quot;.format(proxy.proxy))&#xA;dCaps = DesiredCapabilities.CHROME&#xA;dCaps['loggingPrefs'] = { 'browser':'ALL' }&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options,desired_capabilities=dCaps)&#xA;&#xA;# add the rewrite rule into the proxy server&#xA;proxy.rewrite_url('text.html', 'http://localhost:8899/mock.html')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it supports regular expression,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PUT /proxy/[port]/rewrite - Redirecting URL's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;matchRegex - a matching URL regular expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;replace - replacement URL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T06:03:17.530" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13708" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-07T06:03:58.987" Score="0" ViewCount="1074" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Manual Tester having 2.9 yrs of experience&#xA;Now that i want to learn Selenium., can anyone tell me what all i need to learn in Java which helps in learning Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12587" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T13:22:13.633" Title="Java concepts needed to learn selenium" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-07-08T21:41:13.153" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13708" CreationDate="2015-07-07T06:56:06.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its good to move for automation testing. If you want to use JAVA as programming language with selenium then at basic level you should have following knowledge :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Basic logic development skill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Java data types&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Conditional statements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Basic theoretical knowledge like what is class , object , method , function , package etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to me above are enough to start with selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good tutorials are given below : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javatpoint.com/java-tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JAVA TUTORIAL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/selenium-introduction/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SELENIUM WEBDRIVER TUTORIAL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T06:56:06.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13708" CreationDate="2015-07-07T07:02:46.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You basically need only core java for selenium webdriver.If you don't have any background of programming in general, i would suggest you to go for step by step tutorial like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javatpoint.com/java-tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise in my opinion these are the bare minimum things that you need to know &amp;amp; have hands on,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object &amp;amp; Class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overloading &amp;amp; Overriding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Constructor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inheritance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interface&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exception Handling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java Collections.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9381" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-07T07:12:22.167" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T07:12:22.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2015-07-07T09:47:46.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.navicat.com/products/navicat-for-sqlite&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Navicut sqllite tool&lt;/a&gt; seems better option. There is one feature for synchronization of sql lite databases. Data and schema both. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://prntscr.com/7ps6ya&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://prntscr.com/7ps6ya&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12594" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T09:47:46.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13713" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-07T10:14:14.290" Score="0" ViewCount="708" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two images - one is a screenshot of my application; the other is a reference image.  How can I compare the two of them to determine if they are the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12595" LastEditorUserId="12716" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T19:37:32.873" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T22:52:27.857" Title="Selenium IDE - Captured screen shot comparision" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;image-based-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-07T12:50:48.787" Score="5" ViewCount="427" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am executing my Selenium tests against a Grid server, hosted on a different machine. My grid invocation is (bat file): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd c:\&#xA;start java -jar c:\selenium-server-standalone-2.46.0.jar -role hub -registerCycle=5000 -browserTimeout=60&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;start java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.46.0.jar -role webdriver -hub \ &#xA;http://localhost:4444/grid/register -port 4445 \ &#xA;-Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=C:\chromedriver.exe \&#xA;-browser=&quot;platform=WINDOWS,browserName=chrome,maxInstances=&quot; \&#xA;-browser=&quot;browserName=firefox,maxInstances=1&quot; \&#xA;-Dwebdriver.ie.driver=C:\IEDriverServer.exe \&#xA;-browser=&quot;browserName=internet explorer,maxInstances=1&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Disregard '\', I'm using this for formatting on StackExchange only. My file is one line). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some more details.... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OS: Win 7 Pro &#xA;IE Version: 8&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything works great for the first 25 or 26 tests, and then they all fail after that (approx. 200). If I run these locally, they pass. It's kind of hard to catch, but it seems that when the problem happens, after my call to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.Close();&#xA;Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;Driver.Quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... that Grid fails to close the current Internet Explorer handle and then creates a new one. So now, I have two handles open. The most instances of IE I have ever seen open is 3-4. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I check my node instance after it's finished running, I have the following exception: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;20:17:49.725 INFO - Available nodes: [http://172.30.33.246:4445]&#xA;20:17:49.741 INFO - Trying to create a new session on node http://172.30.33.246:4445&#xA;20:17:49.741 INFO - Trying to create a new session on test slot {seleniumProtocol=WebDriver, browserName=internet explorer, maxInstances=1, platform=WINDO&#xA;WS}&#xA;20:17:52.845 WARN - IOException thrown while closing Closeable.&#xA;org.seleniumhq.jetty7.io.EofException&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.http.HttpGenerator.flushBuffer(HttpGenerator.java:939)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.AbstractHttpConnection.flushResponse(AbstractHttpConnection.java:612)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.AbstractHttpConnection$Output.close(AbstractHttpConnection.java:1001)&#xA;        at com.google.common.io.Closeables.close(Closeables.java:79)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.io.IOUtils.closeQuietly(IOUtils.java:45)&#xA;        at org.openqa.grid.internal.TestSession.writeRawBody(TestSession.java:440)&#xA;        at org.openqa.grid.internal.TestSession.forward(TestSession.java:266)&#xA;        at org.openqa.grid.web.servlet.handler.RequestHandler.forwardNewSessionRequestAndUpdateRegistry(RequestHandler.java:88)&#xA;        at org.openqa.grid.web.servlet.handler.RequestHandler.process(RequestHandler.java:111)&#xA;        at org.openqa.grid.web.servlet.DriverServlet.process(DriverServlet.java:83)&#xA;        at org.openqa.grid.web.servlet.DriverServlet.doPost(DriverServlet.java:67)&#xA;        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)&#xA;        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:820)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.servlet.ServletHolder.handle(ServletHolder.java:565)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.servlet.ServletHandler.doHandle(ServletHandler.java:479)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.session.SessionHandler.doHandle(SessionHandler.java:225)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.handler.ContextHandler.doHandle(ContextHandler.java:1031)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.servlet.ServletHandler.doScope(ServletHandler.java:406)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.session.SessionHandler.doScope(SessionHandler.java:186)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.handler.ContextHandler.doScope(ContextHandler.java:965)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:117)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:111)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.Server.handle(Server.java:349)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.AbstractHttpConnection.handleRequest(AbstractHttpConnection.java:452)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.BlockingHttpConnection.handleRequest(BlockingHttpConnection.java:47)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.AbstractHttpConnection.content(AbstractHttpConnection.java:894)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.AbstractHttpConnection$RequestHandler.content(AbstractHttpConnection.java:948)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.http.HttpParser.parseNext(HttpParser.java:857)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.http.HttpParser.parseAvailable(HttpParser.java:230)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.BlockingHttpConnection.handle(BlockingHttpConnection.java:66)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.server.bio.SocketConnector$ConnectorEndPoint.run(SocketConnector.java:254)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.runJob(QueuedThreadPool.java:599)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool$3.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:534)&#xA;        at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;Caused by: java.net.SocketException: Software caused connection abort: socket write error&#xA;        at java.net.SocketOutputStream.socketWrite0(Native Method)&#xA;        at java.net.SocketOutputStream.socketWrite(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.net.SocketOutputStream.write(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.io.ByteArrayBuffer.writeTo(ByteArrayBuffer.java:354)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.io.bio.StreamEndPoint.flush(StreamEndPoint.java:159)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.je&#xA;&#xA;tty7.io.bio.StreamEndPoint.flush(StreamEndPoint.java:177)&#xA;        at org.seleniumhq.jetty7.http.HttpGenerator.flushBuffer(HttpGenerator.java:863)&#xA;        ... 33 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to have all of these tests passing when running on the Grid server. And again, they all pass locally while running in IE8. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11970" LastActivityDate="2018-04-22T01:58:05.197" Title="Selenium Grid2 - IOException thrown while closing Closeable." Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13708" CreationDate="2015-07-07T13:22:13.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to learn programming. &lt;strong&gt;Python is commonly considered better, simpler language for learners than Java&lt;/strong&gt; (which is jokingly called not object-oriented, but object-obsessed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you understand &lt;strong&gt;basic programming concepts&lt;/strong&gt; (variable, loop, procedure, function, data types and collections, exceptions, debugging your code), &lt;strong&gt;learning other similar languages is much easier&lt;/strong&gt;. Python has Selenium binding which are very similar to Java, so once you learn Python API, Java is almost the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many online python courses, on edx.com, coursera, etc. First you need to learn how to split task to simpler tasks, design data structures to support your tasks, which is language-independent, so it makes sense to learn it in beginner-friendly language. Also, Python has interactive mode, which allows for much simpler experimenting with language features (and debugging).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good thing is that in Python, basic familiarity with concepts like class, object, collection etc is enough (you need to know how to use libraries but no need to define your own classes when you begin), which makes programming much simpler for beginners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Python works much harder to make programming more intuitive&lt;/strong&gt; (for what you pay small penalty that Python code is a minuscule bit slower than Java, but it does matter only for applications which need the speed - which is not the case for Selenium tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T13:22:13.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13716" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-07T13:49:48.170" Score="2" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;My problem is as follows. Currently I am on a project, where we have a standard product that gets changed/bespoke for each client individually. My task is to create a test approach, in order to test the product, but also test for each client individually. As we are a small testing team, testing for each client individually will become impossible if we get to a large amount of clients. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, please can I ask if someone has been in a similar situation to give guidance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12598" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-07-08T11:38:15.963" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T06:10:23.563" Title="Organizing testing for product with multiple client customization versions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2015-07-07T17:44:51.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many ways to download file in Selenium, one of the easiest way in Firefox using Firefox Profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First add preferences in profiles and specify the MIME type of file and then you can open Firefox with above preferences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found below article interesting which cover above scenario: &lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/how-to-download-files-using-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Download files in Selenium Webdriver&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12603" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-24T07:52:34.977" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T07:52:34.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12310" CreationDate="2015-07-07T17:59:09.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;industrySectorsector&quot;))). selectByVisibleText(&quot;Computer Software&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't see &quot;Computer Software&quot; in your HTML file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe try &quot;div + select &gt; option&quot; for your selector. So... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;div + select &amp;gt; option&quot;)); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to get all option elements, and then you can iterate through them calling getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;) to get the text. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11970" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T17:59:09.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13716" CreationDate="2015-07-07T20:44:47.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation would be to build an automation suite, on the base of the product. Then, to have your testers &lt;strong&gt;manually test&lt;/strong&gt; the differences in the product based off of your &lt;strong&gt;client requirements&lt;/strong&gt;. Unless you hire other testing resources, automation will do a lot of the testing for you, in the base product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-07-07T20:44:47.187" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13721" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-08T07:41:12.643" Score="0" ViewCount="3801" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having a problem with Selenium2 using Firefox version 39.0 and Firefox webdriver while testing a page based on Apache MyFaces Trinidad 1.0.6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I imitate press on CheckBox, TextBox becomes visible, however, sendKeys doesn't work all the time, even if I wait until &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated&lt;/code&gt; or use &lt;code&gt;Thead.sleep(x)&lt;/code&gt; (even though it's the worst case), &lt;code&gt;Unable to locate&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Not found in cache&lt;/code&gt; problems are being thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another problem - while clicking on tabs of page, some can be pressed and it works, and some while being pressed, Selenium just pretends to put &quot;Mouse&quot; on it and link is being showed in the bottom left corner. Double-press doesn't work either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is this some kind of AJAX background method that screws me up with cache problems and not clicking, or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void bclick(String ids, int msec) &#xA;{ &#xA;    new WebDriverWait(driver, 25).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(ids))); &#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(ids)).click(); &#xA;    waitTime(msec); &#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my main method for clicking on elements, however it is unstable sometimes with some buttons(simple html buttons).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12610" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-07-08T11:36:16.603" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T20:52:42.873" Title="Check if dynamic objects are loaded with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11676" CreationDate="2015-07-08T09:03:21.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not &quot;Waterfall testing&quot; , The term &quot;waterfall&quot; is used for one approach to the entire software development lifecycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Waterfall Model was first Process Model to be introduced. It is also referred to as a linear-sequential life cycle model.  It is very simple to understand and use.  In a waterfall model, each phase must be completed fully before the next phase can begin. This type of model is basically used for the for the project which is small and there are no uncertain requirements. At the end of each phase, a review takes place to determine if the project is on the right path and whether or not to continue or discard the project. In this model the testing starts only after the development is complete. In waterfall model phases do not overlap.&#xA; &lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wNZJc.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main Benefits of waterfall model is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This model is simple and easy to understand and use.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is easy to manage due to the rigidity of the model – each phase has specific deliverables and a review process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this model phases are processed and completed one at a time. Phases do not overlap.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Waterfall model works well for smaller projects where requirements are very well understood.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and , You can will get basic knowledge &amp;amp; also learn about from here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/agile-waterfall-hybrid-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/agile-waterfall-hybrid-model/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T09:03:21.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9273" CreationDate="2015-07-08T09:59:36.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can offer a new video tutorial:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yatZBNufNVw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing Android apps with Appium - from setup to first test on OS X&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;That might be very helpful for this purpose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12613" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T09:59:36.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13721" CreationDate="2015-07-08T11:21:56.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer for waiting right amount of time for elements to be ready for interaction using Apache MyFaces Trinidad 1.0.6. is to execute java script code with &lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/code&gt; and check state of &lt;code&gt;_Request Queue_&lt;/code&gt; if it's ready:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void ajaxWait() {&#xA;        Boolean state = (Boolean)((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;return TrPage.getInstance().getRequestQueue().getDTSState() == TrRequestQueue.STATE_READY&quot;);&#xA;        new WebDriverWait(driver, 180).until(new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;            public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;                JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;                System.out.println(js.executeScript(&quot;return TrPage.getInstance().getRequestQueue().getDTSState() == TrRequestQueue.STATE_READY&quot;));&#xA;                return (Boolean) js.executeScript(&quot;return TrPage.getInstance().getRequestQueue().getDTSState() == TrRequestQueue.STATE_READY&quot;); //     return jQuery.active == 0&#xA;            }&#xA;        });&#xA;        if (!state) {&#xA;            waitTime(500);&#xA;        }&#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;waitTime(long mills)&lt;/code&gt; method  is a simple &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; method used for waiting some time for page to fully load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12610" LastEditorUserId="2551" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T09:11:55.643" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T09:11:55.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13726" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-07-08T12:24:55.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A description of one or more actions with the expected outcome or system response. The outcome determines whether the System under test (SUT) operates correctly. Correct operation consists of satisfied requirements, correct error recovery and usability, among other things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test-cases can be formal or informal, manual or automated. In this last case it is sometimes referred to as test script. Preconditions can be part of a test case. The full suite of test-cases should determine if the SUT is ready for release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The canonical reference here is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/testdesign/Kaner_GoodTestCase.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;What Is a Good Test Case?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="103" LastEditDate="2015-07-08T22:09:31.413" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T22:09:31.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13727" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-07-08T12:24:55.787" Score="0" Body="A description of one or more actions with the expected outcome, used to determine whether a system operates correctly." OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-16T02:50:52.040" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T02:50:52.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13730" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-08T19:10:10.713" Score="0" ViewCount="3954" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;how to check Coordinated Universal Time UTC conversion for date field in the application for different location,region.&lt;/strong&gt;  or when we should go for UTC conversion and when not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12622" LastEditorUserId="12622" LastEditDate="2015-07-09T03:26:22.627" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T03:26:22.627" Title="what are the scenarios to be checked for time zone(UTC)" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-07-08T21:42:30.310" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13730" CreationDate="2015-07-08T20:05:33.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Time conversion is &lt;strong&gt;much more complicated&lt;/strong&gt; than you imagine, because different countries/locales switch to daylight saving time at different dates, it is not just one sweep change. And switching back is also not coordinated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.timeanddate.com/time/dst/events.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.timeanddate.com/time/dst/events.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.timeanddate.com/time/us/arizona-no-dst.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.timeanddate.com/time/us/arizona-no-dst.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to convert time between locations, you need to know also the date when conversion should be calculated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-07-08T20:05:33.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13716" CreationDate="2015-07-09T00:00:46.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An automated test suite for the primary product before it gets customized is a good way to go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could go a step further and automate the creation and testing of the bespoke components too. If the group that handles the bespoke part is also your testing team then simplifies the politics. If your automation scripts are checked into source control then you can always go back and recreate a particular bespoke component. Knowing what was done is so valuable when testing and troubleshooting.  And! There's great satisfaction in saying, &quot;I ran the script the way I always do. If there are problems, it wasn't me.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You didn't state if the bespoke parts are compiled differences or configuration differences. Either way, scripting the compiling, composition, and testing of all components will make your life much easier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2667" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T00:00:46.747" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13344" CreationDate="2015-07-09T00:31:10.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/13362/8929&quot;&gt;Kate Paulk's answer&lt;/a&gt; shows that there is still space for some manual testing and quality assurance oversight even amongst a team with effective automated practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;However, it is a shrinking space to occupy&lt;/strong&gt;. I would try my best to take on a more 'T-shaped' role. I think a technically minded tester could really add unique value to that team by stepping out of the strict boundaries of manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Take responsibility for more technical tasks.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;We can all think of a host of miscellaneous technically activities that are done by developers. Not because these tasks are programmer things per se, but it's hard and developers are usually the best technical problem solvers. &quot;T-shaped&quot; testers are already pitching in here.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extend the automated tests.&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;I'm sure you've found the tests developers write leave out a lot of the edge cases you have patiently been recording. Good. Add them in. Adapt the user input test for your extra long string or your extra horrible clump of unicode. I think this is one of the most valuable things a tester can do, but it is a road that cannot be traveled very far without investing some effort in learning how to understand and write code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incidentally, the developers can make my second suggestion easier for you with parametrised tests and test orchestration tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumber_%28software%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;. Talk to them about this and make sure when you  do start change tests that they're code reviewing your stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T00:31:10.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13559" CreationDate="2015-07-09T00:53:32.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated testing is software and needs developers. If you write good integration tests all day you're a developer by any reasonable standard. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be sceptical if someone told me automation was the domain of the manual testers. You may find Qa teams staffed by developers, but that's a different thing. Definitely learn about automation, it is a core developer skill. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also may be aware of test driven development, where you write the unit tests first then the code. You can do the same thing with automated integration tests, and it's pretty useful trick to have up your sleeve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T00:53:32.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13735" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-09T02:20:50.343" Score="2" ViewCount="481" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I got a task to find a tool that can be used to test web UI. I found Selenium IDE and also used to it. But the problem is that I have to test on Chrome and IE as well. I tried Selenium WebDriver - it works but needs long time to code. Can you guys suggest me any other tool like Selenium IDE or any plugin I can use to test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am doing anything wrong kindly guide me as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12623" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T13:37:48.043" LastActivityDate="2021-01-04T11:40:33.617" Title="Tools for automating UI testing for web" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13716" CreationDate="2015-07-09T06:10:23.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the approaches that can be used to aid in automated testing of &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; the client specific builds is to adjust the design to simplify both test and the production of client specific builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Influence the design such that all the clients have the same code, with all the functionality present, but with which functionality is available to the specific client being determined by one, or more, of licence file options, licence server replies, registry entries, configuration file contents. You can then have a test suite that tests all of the product functionality with all of the functionality enabled and a client specific test that simply has to confirm which features are available and unavailable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another option is to have the base product structured into core items and customer specific items and a configuration tool that reads the client specific details and outputs them to &lt;strong&gt;both&lt;/strong&gt; a set of compile time options and a set of test options/limits.  Then your test suite will consist of the core functionality tests plus those tests enabled/tailored for the client.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either, or both, of these options will probably require some restructuring and rework of the product code base but &lt;strong&gt;in addition to&lt;/strong&gt; improved test coverage and reduced test time, &lt;em&gt;both well worth the investment by themselves&lt;/em&gt;, they will also result in the following improvements for the coding department:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some clear delineation between core code and client specific code&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this will speed up the generation of client specific code,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;simplify source code version control,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;possibly allow some division of responsibility between programmers,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ease the roll out of bug fixes, etc., &lt;em&gt;e.g. an important change in the core code section should possibly result in notifications or updates for all customers major changes in customer specific code should not but can you currently easily tell which is which?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Either approach will tend to make the generation of the customer specific build, &lt;em&gt;and the associated tests&lt;/em&gt;, more of a configuration exercise than a programming one possibly allowing the support or project staff to do it freeing up your talented programmers for more productive work and speeding the response to customer specific requests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will often allow the identification of the code that should possibly be refactored into generic functions rather than a multitude of customer specific functions.  This in turn will often allow testing and bug fixing before the customer has made up their minds about something. e.g. If alarm sounds and duration vary between customers then a generic alarm module can be specified, developed and tested that takes an input file name identifying one, or more, specific format of audio file plus reads a specific setting from a configuration source.  This can then be adjusted, without code changes with just configuration changes at any time up to, and possibly beyond, customer delivery.  Since you have, hopefully, already tested all the valid inputs and the fall backs for erroneous inputs last minute customer changes only require testing that the customer is happy with the settings that they have selected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As both a software engineer and a tester I would always rather work a little harder and smarter once, &lt;em&gt;then be able to move on to something else&lt;/em&gt;, than use a quick hack over and over again and possibly risk forgetting for one, or more, customers/occasions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T06:10:23.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13737" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-09T06:29:36.563" Score="3" ViewCount="1745" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on automation of a website using Selenium and C#, but I am stuck in a situation where on a button click a new webpage dialog opens and on that web page dialog we have to select some value and click on save button. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem is I am unable to switch to that webpage dialog and even F12 window not working on that webpage dialog this website is only working on IE so no other option. Please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is post screenshot of webpage dialog and HTML code of button which open that dialog box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;INPUT onclick=showClose(); id=ucTicketDetail1_btnClose &#xA;title=Close style=&quot;BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px;&#xA;BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px&quot;&#xA;src=&quot;../images/tasks.gif&quot; type=image name=ucTicketDetail1$btnClose&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gb5kw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12072" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-09T20:02:51.600" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T17:13:31.753" Title="Handle drop down on web page dialog selenium C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13735" CreationDate="2015-07-09T06:49:51.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you please specific your kind of test? You want to do regression testing or ... If selenium web-driver is taken a long time, I think you should consider to :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;1- iMacro:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/imacros-for-firefox/?src=hp-dl-upandcoming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/imacros-for-firefox/?src=hp-dl-upandcoming&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;2- Sauce labs: &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But before you get approach to automation, please discuss with your team or your upper manager about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1 - Project Scope&#xA;2 - Budget&#xA;3 - Human Resources&#xA;4 - AUT characteristics&#xA;5 - Your working process&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those metrics will likely affect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. If the project should have automation or not.&#xA;2. If yes, which tool to support. &#xA;3. When have tool, which resource to prepare. &#xA;4. When have tool and team, how to adjust the working process to best optimize the automation&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be honest, automation(web-driver) takes time and effort to fully see its value, so take your time :-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T06:49:51.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13737" CreationDate="2015-07-09T09:24:01.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to switch to the window and then perform whatever you are going to perform on the child window. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though I am not familiar with C#, this is how I would try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;btn1=driver.find_element_by_id('ucTicketDetail1_btnClose') &#xA;#guessing this is the id of button that triggers the webpage dialog to open&#xA;&#xA;btn1.click()&#xA;&#xA;newWindow=driver.window_handles[1]&#xA;&#xA;#switch to new window&#xA;driver.switch_to.window(newWindow)&#xA;&#xA;#get the element id you want to interact&#xA;element1=driver.find_element_by_id(idofElementyouwanttointeract)&#xA;&#xA;#use select for dropdowns&#xA;Select s1=new Select(element1)&#xA;&#xA;#select the dropdown option using the text&#xA;s1.select_by_visible_text('text')&#xA;&#xA;#click on save button&#xA;savebtn2=driver.find_element_by_id(idofSaveButton).click()&#xA;&#xA;#return to original window&#xA;driver.switch_to.default_content&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is in Python, but you can use this to convert it into C#. A possible solution is also provided here :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3986/how-can-i-switch-to-new-window-using-webdriver&quot;&gt;How can I switch to new window using webdriver?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T09:24:01.560" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2015-07-09T13:24:42.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you are looking for tools for functional testing of your application, I can recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;. It is a powerful tool for testing the UI of your application automatically.  At the end of every test run an XML based report is generated, containing screenshots if anything went wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12628" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T17:10:05.367" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T17:10:05.367" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-07-09T13:24:42.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13735" CreationDate="2015-07-09T14:52:41.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;BadBoy&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;WatiR or WatiN (it has WaitN test recorder and supports IE 6, 7, 8 &amp;amp; 9 and Firefox 2.x &amp;amp; 3.x)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tools too for testing Web UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, are you looking for free tools only? &#xA;There are number of paid tools which provide multiple browser support and very easy to use and implement. But again you have to discuss this thing first within your project, even if your client is not willing to pay for this, you can still share the cost within multiple projects (if that's possible in your organization).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your side as a proactive action, you can create a &lt;strong&gt;DAR (Decision Analysis Report)&lt;/strong&gt; for both Free and Paid tools considering the below mentioned parameters and thus share your report with the management and show your findings. Whichever tool you choose you need to learn it a bit and then you can use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Platforms, Technology and Types supported&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Features provided and required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual and Automatic Test creation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change Management/Maintenance of Test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Results Management and Reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data In, Data Out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Training required and Tester skillset&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration with the Test and task management tool (you would like that failed test cases should get reported automatically to your bug tracker)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ease of use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Online support, discussion forums and service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T14:52:41.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12465" CreationDate="2015-07-09T18:28:27.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to use the Appium Inspector to find the xpath of the element, and then call xpath within your test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium also contains a step to switch contexts between native and web. I believe it is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;switch_context(context)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10494" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T18:28:27.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10018" CreationDate="2015-07-09T18:33:20.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can absolutely download an apk file to your mac. If you are getting the apk off of a build server, just download and then provide the path to the app within the appium gui. If you are using command line, provide the path in your desired capabilities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can install android studio and get access to source code. Then build from source and provide the build path to the GUI or capabilities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10494" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T18:33:20.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12465" CreationDate="2015-07-09T20:02:36.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither uiautomator nor Appium will help you to identify webview elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;— You can do this with Chrome Developer tools&lt;/strong&gt;, look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/remote-debugging&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Remote Debugging on Android with Chrome&lt;/a&gt; guide. It will work for hybrid apps as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2015-07-09T20:02:36.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13746" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13756" CreationDate="2015-07-09T20:13:44.460" Score="7" ViewCount="558" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've just started at a Web Development company that does websites/mobile apps. I've done QA for 5-6 years now and they wanted someone that had QA experience but wasn't set in their ways to be their QA lead for their new QA dept. (Which just consists of me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past, the company had kinda taken an ad-hoc approach, no real standardized approach to collecting requirements etc... However, now they are doing a normal Scrum approach, tracking user stories in Jira (Which I think personally is a good start).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my previous job, we had very strict requirements defined at the beginning of a project (Like a LOT of requirements) based off an FSD (Functional Spec Document). I would write my test cases based on these. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, User Stories tend to be a little more generic and vague while still identifying the requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best process for really creating test cases/test plan based off of this. I feel like conventional test cases (IE: User clicks this button: Steps:  Expected Result: etc...) seems a little...slow and cumbersome? and requires a lot of maintenance especially if things change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously automating everything is impossible...but is there like a halfway point maybe? My idea is to create acceptance tests based on the user story, I've read about cucumber and Gherkin...which seems cool because you can write a High-level Acceptance test that can be automated later. This kinda covers the Front Acceptance Test end while making automated tests later not be such a hassle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I missing anything? I guess I wonder about all the &quot;conventional&quot; test cases...and if/when they are needed. After my experience with doing them and spending more hours than I'd like to admit writing STEPS/EXPECTED OUTCOME/Etc.... x10000 they just don't seem as needed...is this wrong? I just wanna make sure what I said doesn't sound....well stupid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:28:03.440" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:29:00.893" Title="&quot;Conventional&quot; Test cases in an Agile environment?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13747" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14212" CreationDate="2015-07-10T00:42:08.353" Score="-3" ViewCount="1585" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think by default Django will create a new and empty test database to run the test cases. Is it possible to configure Django to use an existing database instead of creating a new one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;===&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: The technologies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Language: Python&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Framework: Django&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser interaction: webdriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10898" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-08-08T22:47:30.190" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T15:43:19.237" Title="How to specify an existing database for django to use?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2015-12-10T18:55:30.883" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13746" CreationDate="2015-07-10T01:28:44.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are on the right track. I used to do the granular test plans until relatively recently. I have gone the direction of making a Test Plan mostly consisting of User Stories. You need to remember your audience when writing &lt;em&gt;anything&lt;/em&gt;. My Test Plans are part of the deliverable to clients so it makes the most sense that anyone can read it and use it. That means cutting out the granular, technical stuff that made something you could explain in 5 sentences into a 200 row spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part about automation shouldn't be a major factor this early into the game. As J M Juran says, people want to automate to be quicker but they end up automating bad processes. I recommend you take the time to iron out your manual processes and then decide what is worth automating and how.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T01:28:44.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13735" CreationDate="2015-07-10T01:34:45.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your company has some cash, buy Telerik Test Studio. It will do IE, Firefox, Chrome, and soon mobile. It is way easier than Selenium. The only drawback is no OSX, which means no Safari. I use a Mac as my main machine so I manual test on that and then automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T01:34:45.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13746" CreationDate="2015-07-10T06:29:02.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the exact same questions as you when I started the &quot;testing&quot; compartment in my current Agile project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is indeed not feasible to write and maintain test cases in the tradition format. User stories are delivered every few weeks and change rapidly afterwards. Test cases would become obsolete faster than you can write them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One approach that I found useful in our small Agile team is &lt;strong&gt;session-based testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;You can find some explanation &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/sbtm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/articles/sbtm.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because we're using Microsoft Test Manager,  I've created a custom template based on this SBT method. (No use sharing it here because it's not in English.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main advantages are: one test charter is linked to all related bugs and test execution history. One test charter also contains all relevant tips and tricks needed to test the user story in question. There's little administrative overhead. Worth looking into, as you can easily adapt this idea to your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:28:39.713" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:28:39.713" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13751" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-10T06:29:28.710" Score="0" ViewCount="3747" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I click a checkbox with Selenium Python, if I don't have any id which defines the checkbox?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12639" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-11T03:17:09.843" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T03:17:09.843" Title="How to click a checkbox with Selenium Python without an id?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-07-16T17:37:58.607" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13746" CreationDate="2015-07-10T07:16:35.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Obviously automating everything is impossible...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you think teams that practice &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_delivery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous delivery&lt;/a&gt; are working?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being Agile means that you optimize the feedback cycle on all levels, for long-running projects a rule of thumb should be to automate everything. This means the whole pipeline up-to deployment in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would rather say: &lt;strong&gt;of-course automating everything is possible!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just work with the development team and make it testable. Cut out any pieces of infrastructure or external libraries that are &quot;untestable&quot; and replace them with something else that is testable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love the BDD concepts, but if your team is not using it as a communication tool between with the business it might be a layer of waste since it adds overhead when creating automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;you can write a High-level Acceptance test that can be automated&#xA;  later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automation should be done before releasing the functionality described in this acceptance test. If you don't you will start falling behind with test automation. How can the team release new features that build on top of these in the next iteration? Manual testing? Writing and executing manual test-cases is not sustainable in an ever fast-changing world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:29:00.893" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:29:00.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13751" CreationDate="2015-07-10T07:17:55.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although an &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; is by far the easiest, there are many other options to locate an element on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All provided alternatives are listed here, with examples: &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/en/latest/locating-elements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/en/latest/locating-elements.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T07:17:55.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13735" CreationDate="2015-07-10T07:20:55.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Telerik test studio - licensed &#xA;iMacro&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://applitools.com/sign-up/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Applitool&lt;/a&gt; - UI based automation (pxl to pxl verification, layout, content etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you need a help on above things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user12621" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T07:20:55.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13751" CreationDate="2015-07-10T08:32:32.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can opt from a range of locating mechanisms- apart from id. You can use the name, the xpath, the css, tagname, etc. for locating a webelement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a detailed tutorial about locating mechanisms&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/locators-in-selenium-ide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/locators-in-selenium-ide.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT : Here is an example where you can use Xpath to select the checkbox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AUT : &lt;a href=&quot;http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/checkboxes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Heroku App&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can select the checkboxes using xpath as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id='checkboxes']/input[1]')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id='checkboxes']/input[2]')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-10T08:38:21.553" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T08:38:21.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13746" CreationDate="2015-07-10T13:28:59.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with, I'd suggest browsing the answers of the questions showing as related, particularly &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6134/test-automation-in-agile?rq=1&quot;&gt;Test Automation in Agile?&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/11795/agile-tester-vs-traditional-tester?rq=1&quot;&gt;Agile Tester vs Traditional Tester...........?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as test case writing, it doesn't really matter &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; you handle that, as long as someone who is moderately familiar with the application can follow your test cases. The main things you need are the &lt;strong&gt;goal&lt;/strong&gt; of the test case (I often state this at a high level in the title of the test case, e.g. &quot;Users with permission level admin or higher can access feature X&quot;), the &lt;strong&gt;desired outcome&lt;/strong&gt; (you can take &quot;does not crash&quot; as implicit in all of these if you have a stability non-functional requirement as part of the user stories), and the &lt;strong&gt;actual results&lt;/strong&gt;. That's the minimum necessary, and can be stated in English or in a Cucumber-style fixture. I'll typically state the generic case, then have a list of data-specific cases I plan to look at (usually exploring around boundaries and crucial configurations). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach you take is going to depend on the dynamics of your team and the nature of your web applications, but I can make some suggestions here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developers should be writing unit tests&lt;/strong&gt; and these should form the bulk of the automation. Your role with these tests is to work with developers to generate &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; unit tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developers should be writing module/integration tests&lt;/strong&gt; and these should be your next largest number of tests. Once again, you need to work with developers to help generate good tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testers or Developers write system-level tests&lt;/strong&gt;. These tests have some overlap with integration tests, but largely cover system processes from end to end. If you can't do this kind of testing through your application API you have a problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All the unit, integration, module and system tests should be automated and run with every build&lt;/strong&gt;. These are all &quot;headless&quot; tests in that they don't interact with the GUI, so they run quickly. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If there is any way to avoid GUI automation short of manually testing everything, use it&lt;/strong&gt;. GUI automation is slow, expensive and even with the best design can require a large maintenance cost. You want to avoid this wherever possible. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tester-built automation should happen early in the next sprint&lt;/strong&gt;. The reason for this is that automating something that hasn't stabilized is wasted time. The ROI for any automation lies in future releases, not in the current cycle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When starting, look for high value and easy to automate and maintain tests&lt;/strong&gt;. This is particularly important when you're looking at something with several years of development and no automation of any kind in place.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also - and this is particularly important - &lt;strong&gt;You may not be able to automate everything&lt;/strong&gt;. Many of the most experienced folk here will tell you that you should automate 100% of the tests that &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; be automated - the fun is in working out what those are. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things that can't or shouldn't be automated are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look and feel - until computers can beat the human eyeball and brain at pattern recognition and complain about awkward/unwieldy processes, this has to be done manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not all widgets (web or otherwise) can be accessed by automation tools. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can automated checking printouts, but it's clumsy, time-consuming, and very error-prone. The alternative: automate checking the printout text and run a printout for a manual lookover is a whole lot easier, faster (and therefore cheaper) and less likely to break.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unless you know how power-users actually use your application you can't automate that. When you do know how they use it, the best you're likely to be able to do is make sure all the shortcuts keep working.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T13:28:59.697" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13757" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-10T13:34:55.757" Score="2" ViewCount="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;For software, it is often beneficial to use &lt;code&gt;ISO9126/25010&lt;/code&gt; as a roadmap for test coverage (e.g. functionality, reliability ...) and I wonder, is there something like that for HW?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some categorization I could use as a checklist of basic &quot;areas for testing&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T11:40:37.887" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T11:40:37.887" Title="Is there any standard/guideline to follow on HW testing as ISO9126?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-07-01T20:28:22.467" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13759" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-10T14:57:52.650" Score="2" ViewCount="1118" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for ways to implement continuous integration testing for Windows desktop application we're developing. Basically, we need the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After new build finishes start VM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploy new build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run testing scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first, I tried Vagrant but later came to conclusion it's cumbersome, since VM configuration is static, and I can't use single configuration for multiple VMs as some ports must be forwarded to host and they will collide. Now, I'm considering using OpenStack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: are there ready-to-use testing platforms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12642" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T08:12:33.117" Title="Continuous integration testing for Windows desktop application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="48" CreationDate="2015-07-10T16:49:31.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you wrote in the comment your are mainly looking for performance testing and functional testing,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For performance testing I would recommend you user &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter&lt;/a&gt;. It is a java based tool so it should work really fine and for web applications I would suggest you record your test scripts using Blazemeter (an extension of Google Chrome). Here is a tutorial to help you with it - &lt;a href=&quot;http://testacy.co.in/performance-testing-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testacy.co.in/performance-testing-jmeter/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For functional testing I would suggest you to use Selenium Webdriver and if you are familiar with the TestNG framework of Webdriver that would be more preferable. Since Selenium is open source project you will get a lot of help from countless blogs and forums dedicated to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Milin Patel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Tester&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testacy.co.in&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testacy.co.in&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T16:49:31.533" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-07-10T16:49:31.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13762" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13778" CreationDate="2015-07-10T19:42:10.880" Score="4" ViewCount="6982" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am setting up an automation framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Brand new project (i.e. no scripts)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(clarification: brand new project as in everything is brand new, new db, new code, new automation, everything - yay new projects!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stack is Java/Javascript/Mongo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want these tests to be fast and independent. So I will be testing one item at a time. The question comes in when there's something I need existing data for. I cannot restore databases for these tests, so a DB snapshot is out of the question.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example scripts:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create new entry from a newly created user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Questions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I try to get developers to setup an API method for testing, or create a SQL query to just create the data. My gut reaction is that I don't want to run SQL queries like that to insert and delete data. But I am not sure I can justify asking for those API methods to be created. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the pitfalls/benefits of each way? Is there any other way to accomplish it other than running another 'create user' script before 'create new entry from a newly created user'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4394" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T02:19:57.167" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:20:16.343" Title="How to manage test data in database" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9735" CreationDate="2015-07-10T20:53:09.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the above mentioned headers, a test plan should include following sections too along with their description&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Entry and Exit criteria&lt;/strong&gt;: for starting the testing phase and calling it out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suspension and Resumption criteria&lt;/strong&gt;: during testing there may be several instances when you need to suspend your testing because of single or multiple reasons. This section contains those conditions that when you/team need to suspend testing and when to resume the same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Acceptance Criteria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bug/Defect Management process&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Team composition with Roles and Responsibilities&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Milestones and Deliverable&lt;/strong&gt; (with planned start and end dates)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again as said above by others, don't consider this as hard and fast list as a 'Line drawn on a rock'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your test plan should be in accordance to your project plan and SDLC model being followed in your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't add too much of stuff in your plan, just keep it concise and to the point. I have seen that many people create test plan just to add another document to their project repository and with due course of time it gets outdated, team starts testing in a different way mentioned in the test plan. Using new strategy or approach is not bad, rather its a good thing to keep yourself and your strategies updated, but at the same time you should keep your test plan/related documents updated too. So the process should be that first you update your plan and then implement it, instead of doing it otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-10T20:53:09.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13762" CreationDate="2015-07-11T02:56:49.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my recommendation in order of preference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;API &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQL (Avoid and may be used as a stop-gap-measure until API is available)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create user script (takes time and may have false positives)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most applications these days have such APIs and if your application doesn't have these these it may be worth considering in upcoming sprint/releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you need to use SQL, goes without saying, you should externalize them from your test scripts so that any change in table/sql doesn't impact your test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12649" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T02:20:16.343" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:20:16.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13762" CreationDate="2015-07-11T06:52:29.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some tests are better run via a test API as they can then test sections of code that may be unreachable or very hard to reach &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; a test API does not test the database interface so you also need to test with SQL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most important thing to remember is &lt;strong&gt;Never, &lt;em&gt;Ever&lt;/em&gt;, run untested code on a live database&lt;/strong&gt; - you could &lt;em&gt;potentially&lt;/em&gt; do an immense amount of damage or possibly make a subtle change that is hard to isolate and takes years to track down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that you need to test with the API for robustness and functionality &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;both&lt;/strong&gt; with a small, &lt;em&gt;test&lt;/em&gt;, database that you can easily check for changes, introduce &quot;problem&quot; records, etc., and with an &lt;strong&gt;offline&lt;/strong&gt; snapshot of the real database for load tests and to ensure that the real data doesn't contain problems that you haven't thought of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T06:52:29.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8428" CreationDate="2015-07-11T16:51:57.967" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Converting Telerik Test Studio cases into Selenium WebDriver will require a lot of rework, because Test Studio uses completely different technology, framework and syntax for example you find logic expression are different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only benefit you can get if you have used Nunit in both Test Studio and Selenium WebDriver, as both tools are compatible with Nunit, when you write code in Test Studio it asks for template and you can choose either of following:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MbUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VsUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;xUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;once you select template is converts recorded steps into code using C# and &lt;strong&gt;TelerikTestingFramework&lt;/strong&gt; i.e. ArtOfTest.WebAii, which is totally different framework used in Selenium. But using &lt;strong&gt;NUnit + C#&lt;/strong&gt; in both tools will make your work easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short there is no shortcut to convert Test Studio cases in Selenium, it may require a lot of work, depending upon &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many cases you need to convert&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How complex are you test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For how long you require these test cases &lt;em&gt;(if you know that you need to execute them only 2 more times and you have valid license of Test Studio till that time, you can live with two different platform test cases)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more hurdle for you is mixture of Recorded and coded test cases in Test Studio, as recorded test cases can only be executed in Test Studio standalone version, VSTS plugin or using run time edition of Test Studio. Selenium can't execute your Test Studio's recorded cases. In addition to it, ask to Telerik Support team too for help, their support center is good and reply well on time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You first need to analyze the effort you have to put in for converting test cases, and your effort if you freshly write down these test cases in Selenium and then decide which option you should choose. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you choose to convert them, just keep on taking backup at regular intervals and define your strategy of conversion, don't go for converting all test cases in one go; &lt;strong&gt;categorize them in groups (may be based on priority/complexity/size)&lt;/strong&gt; and then execute your strategy by targeting one sample of test cases at a time. This will give a clear indication about the coverage and amount of cases converted/ remaining.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-11T16:51:57.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13768" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-07-12T06:42:57.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_(software)#Selenium_WebDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; is the successor to Selenium RC. Selenium WebDriver accepts commands (sent in Selenese, or via a Client API) and sends them to a browser. This is implemented through a browser-specific browser driver, which sends commands to a browser, and retrieves results. Most browser drivers actually launch and access a browser application (such as Firefox or Internet Explorer); there is also an HtmlUnit browser driver, which simulates a browser using HtmlUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike in Selenium 1, where the Selenium server was necessary to run tests, Selenium WebDriver does not need a special server to execute tests. Instead, the WebDriver directly starts a browser instance and controls it. However, Selenium Grid can be used with WebDriver to execute tests on remote systems (see below). Where possible, WebDriver uses native operating system level functionality rather than browser-based JavaScript commands to drive the browser. This bypasses problems with subtle differences between native and JavaScript commands, including security restrictions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, this means that the Selenium 2.0 API has significantly fewer calls than does the Selenium 1.0 API. Where Selenium 1.0 attempted to provide a rich interface for many different browser operations, Selenium 2.0 aims to provide a basic set of building blocks from which developers can create their own Domain Specific Language. One such DSL already exists: the Watir project in the Ruby language has a rich history of good design. Watir-webdriver implements the Watir API as a wrapper for Selenium-Webdriver in Ruby. Watir-webdriver is created entirely automatically, based on the WebDriver specification and the HTML specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of early 2012, Simon Stewart (inventor of WebDriver), who was then with Google and now with Facebook, and David Burns of Mozilla were negotiating with the W3C to make WebDriver an internet standard. In July 2012, the working draft was released. Selenium-Webdriver (Selenium 2.0) is fully implemented and supported in Python, Ruby, Java, and C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T08:23:49.477" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T08:23:49.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13769" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-07-12T06:42:57.833" Score="0" Body="Used for questions about using Selenium WebDriver, a browser automation framework frequently used to automate testing in a browser." OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T06:48:27.173" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T06:48:27.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13625" CreationDate="2015-07-12T13:19:35.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are testing for a specific image at a specific resolution then you could either compare the image with the reference image or quicker calculate the MD5 of the image and compare it with the expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be sure and wait for the page to be loaded, including images, before validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2015-07-12T13:19:35.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-12T17:57:36.410" Score="0" ViewCount="1908" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we write the code to automate the browser then what is the need of upcasting in the code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Webdriver Some_Variable = new FirefoxDriver(); //Run time Polymorphism&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question: What is the need to do this? Can't we just do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver Some_Variable = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I already know that &lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver&lt;/code&gt; is a class which implements a WebDriver interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already know if after casting, I will have access only to the current reference type class members even our object is from &lt;code&gt;FireFoxDriver&lt;/code&gt; and our reference of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;. Any unique class member in &lt;code&gt;FireFoxDriver&lt;/code&gt; will not be visible to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12625" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-13T16:07:04.520" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T14:51:51.953" Title="Upcasting FirefoxBrowser to Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13771" CreationDate="2015-07-13T01:47:42.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a good programming practice to type the variable to be the the least-specific subclass that you actually care about.  That way, your code is more reusable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, if you actually need to call methods on &lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver&lt;/code&gt; that aren't defined on &lt;code&gt;Webdriver&lt;/code&gt;, you should type &lt;code&gt;Some_Variable&lt;/code&gt; to be &lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver&lt;/code&gt;.  If you don't need to do anything Firefox-specific, you should type &lt;code&gt;Some_Variable&lt;/code&gt; to be &lt;code&gt;Webdriver&lt;/code&gt;.  That way, it will be easier to use the same code with &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;InternetExplorerDriver&lt;/code&gt; or whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you aren't sure whether you need Firefox-specific methods, start by typing &lt;code&gt;Some_Variable&lt;/code&gt; to be &lt;code&gt;Webdriver&lt;/code&gt;, because you &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; sure you will need to use &lt;code&gt;Webriver&lt;/code&gt; methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-14T14:51:51.953" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T14:51:51.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10164" CreationDate="2015-07-13T06:37:53.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I resolved the error using &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18645205/set-chromes-language-using-selenium-chromedriver&quot;&gt;this SO post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The accepted answer from the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can do it by adding Chrome's &lt;a href=&quot;http://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;command line switches&lt;/a&gt; &quot;--lang&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Basically, all you need is starting &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/code&gt; with an&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/chrome/ChromeOptions.java#105&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ChromeOption&lt;/a&gt; argument &lt;code&gt;--lang=es&lt;/code&gt;, see API for details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The following is a working example of C# code for how to start Chrome&#xA;  in Spanish using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.AddArguments(&quot;--lang=es&quot;);&#xA;ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Java code should be pretty much the same (untested). Remember, locale&#xA;  here is in the form language[-country] where language is the 2 letter&#xA;  code from ISO-639.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebDriver getDriver(String locale){   &#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;driver/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;--lang=&quot; + locale);&#xA;    return new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void initializeSelenium() throws Exception{&#xA;    driver = getDriver(&quot;es&quot;); // two letters to represent the locale, or two letters + country&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12514" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T05:25:48.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13625" CreationDate="2015-07-13T06:54:19.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope below given points may help you strong to see how this can be done:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find a web page which contains a broken image. Or you can create in your local system. Open your class file and write a code to locate an image such as below.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can use different image attributes(Eg. alt, name etc.) to locate image using XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; WebElement ImageFile = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//img[contains(@id,'Test Image')]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write a JavaScript executor code to verify if image is present in page. It can be done as shown in below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Boolean ImagePresent = (Boolean) ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return arguments[0].complete &amp;amp;&amp;amp; typeof arguments[0].naturalWidth != \&quot;undefined\&quot; &amp;amp;&amp;amp; arguments[0].naturalWidth &amp;gt; 0&quot;, ImageFile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write a code to print desired output as per image presence state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (!imageLoaded1) {&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Image not displayed.&quot;);&#xA;} &#xA;&#xA;else {&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Image displayed.&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Done. Your method should look like below after performing above steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void CheckImage() throws Exception {&#xA;driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;WebElement ImageFile = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//img[contains(@id,'Test Image')]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    Boolean ImagePresent = (Boolean) ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return arguments[0].complete &amp;amp;&amp;amp; typeof arguments[0].naturalWidth != \&quot;undefined\&quot; &amp;amp;&amp;amp; arguments[0].naturalWidth &amp;gt; 0&quot;, ImageFile);&#xA;    if (!ImagePresent)&#xA;    {&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot;Image not displayed.&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Image displayed.&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run your test. It should identify if image is displayed in web page and will print appropriate result in console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12514" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T21:28:54.843" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T21:28:54.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13762" CreationDate="2015-07-13T12:04:04.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here's how I'd approach this situation (the tl;dr version):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Analyze your options and give an indication of the risks involved&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Your risk analysis should show your preferred option as having the lowest risk (expressed as a relative number, e.g. 1 being the highest risk and 25 the lowest) and state a few of the biggest risk factors for each potential solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let the business decide the cost in time and money of each option and choose which one to go with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More information and my suggestions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing you absolutely need is a test environment under your control. Even if backup/restore operations aren't possible in this environment, you &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; have a non-production environment where you can work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't say if this is a long-established application with no automation, or a newer one, and you also don't mention the language it uses. I'm in a similar situation with a massive enterprise-level classic ASP web application, and an API is out of the question. The code is too tightly interwoven with the GUI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are ways you can work around the situation, &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; you can get a controlled test environment in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the database uses stored procedures, you can call these to set up the data you need and later remove that data to maintain a more-or-less clean data set. For instance, you create a user through the normal interface, and verify that all the user's data lands in the database in the correct table(s) and format(s), then in your next test where you perform an action with a newly-created user you use a stored procedure to create the user, then run the action in the normal interface.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can periodically reset the database so that you don't overload it with your test data (where backup/restore is not an option, this is the second-best option)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After you create your test environment, you can strip it down to just the configurations/customers/options that you are testing with. In situations like mine, where you have thousands of customers all using the same application database, you only need one customer per distinct configuration set, and you may be able to use pairwise analysis to trim things down further, particularly if some of the options aren't mutually exclusive or there are combinations none of your customers use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's possible to get the programmers to build an API, then do so: it will simplify your automation requirements immensely. Being able to test business logic via API and reserve GUI automation and/or manual testing for end-to-end scenarios where it's not feasible to work with API calls is a huge time-saving both in test development time and in test run time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T12:04:04.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13762" CreationDate="2015-07-13T12:59:19.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you have RW access to the source:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Build your own APIs/Test Harness into a test solution referencing the source code. This will give you a massive amount of benefits including familiarity with the code, additional unit/integration test coverage and ensuring that you're test set up is executing exactly the way that a user's data would be set up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will also allow you to build the hooks for a strong automation suite into a testing project that can then just execute the chunks of code and be able to narrow down any issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you don't have RW access&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would avoid raw insert/update statements if at all possible. I would recommend a quick dirty selenium run that sets up the data and then slowly work on that until it is in a maintainable state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, don't update/insert data. It will become stale and it could potentially cause false positives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T12:59:19.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13781" CreationDate="2015-07-13T13:37:39.127" Score="2" ViewCount="2239" Body="&lt;p&gt;So i haven't used cucumber yet, but have been exploring it deeply. Right now I'm starting up a QA dept (just me right now) for a Small Web-Dev company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been researching the heck out of every QA thing under the planet, and i've seen cucumber mentioned a lot. Before my job here I was used to the old-style &quot;write 500 test cases&quot; that get as specific as &quot;click here...expected result: button gets clicked&quot;....etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've realized this isn't maintainable, that being said Cucumber seems like an interesting path into BDD. That being said...where are Feature files actually stored? Right now were trying out testrail, and using Jira for User stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My idea is to use the Gherkin Language/Cucumber to create acceptance tests, and then maybe Jenkins to actually run the tests on a daily basis or something. (and run them myself on my computer as well off). But Im not sure how/where to store them.....what does everyone else do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side Question: There seems to be a lot of hate on cucumber...on the web, but yet a lot of people use it? Why's that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T19:21:29.300" Title="Cucumber: Where do you store your Feature Files/cukes?" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13780" CreationDate="2015-07-13T14:05:08.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would store the Cucumber features files next to the code it tests in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revision_control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;version control system&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way your tests will reflect the &quot;current&quot; version even if you branch or release versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have build a lot of tests based on Cucumber (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JVM version&lt;/a&gt;), personally I was very happy with it in a tester / product owner role. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a developer perspective it adds an extra layer of complexity and overhead when creating tests. The goals of the feature files should be communication between the business units and the development teams. If none reads the feature files except developers I can understand some peoples frustration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-13T14:14:33.197" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T14:14:33.197" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13783" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13793" CreationDate="2015-07-13T16:13:33.993" Score="2" ViewCount="276" Body="&lt;p&gt;So it seems not all tests can be automated, and for small teams the effort in creating or &quot;Automating&quot; manual tests might be more work than worth it in some cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What then? Im trying to diverge away from the old &quot;Step Based: Expected Result&quot; test plans, which are really specific and when requirements change....so do those. So I've taken a look at Session Based/Exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems like probably the right way to do it? Is there something else that's better for Agile for a small team that doesn't have the manpower to automate everything? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is the old way actually better? If you are trying to look for full coverage it seems theirs a gap between automated testing and then the manual type of exploratory testing (Which...maybe I'm wrong, but it feels almost like smoke testing but you don't really have a specific test &quot;plan&quot; for it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T19:04:35.553" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T13:00:27.237" Title="Agile Manual Testing: For the Tests that you CAN'T Automate?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13785" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13800" CreationDate="2015-07-13T16:46:03.127" Score="6" ViewCount="359" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an ideal world we'd have Acceptance Tests--&gt;Unit Tests--&gt;Integration Tests--&gt;Test Plans and Automated GUI Tests (With Selenium or something).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But where does it start to get cut out when you just don't have the testing resources?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit Tests are usually created by devs, so thats less of a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But Test Plans/Integration Tests (With Rspec/Cucumber/etc...) and then writing Plain ol Test Plans (Old school style: Expected Result/Actual Result/Steps/etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im the Sole QA, so with multiple projects it's basically impossible for me to do so, the company is rather small...so hiring more testers/QA isn't always the option. It seems to me that having Acceptance Tests is a must have, and possibly testing sessions for bugs...but I'm wondering if the old school type of test plan....really make sense? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, they seem lengthy and time consuming, and also take away any possible &quot;Automation&quot; R&amp;amp;D and implementation, which is what I'm really struggling with. However Automation and implementing some sort of CI process also takes a lot of time, which could be used for writing test plans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now i've been researching Automation testing in my spare time trying to figure out the best course of action, while doing exploratory sessions and recording the bugs in Excel (Lame I know, but I gotta start somewhere)....Where do you go from here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T19:09:23.117" Title="What to do with Limited Time/Testers - What is most Important?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-13T16:47:57.973" Score="2" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to test cordova application which uses bluetooth to talk with custom hardware? Do I need to sniff traffic to make sure they are working well or?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12670" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T15:49:16.757" Title="Testing Cordova apps and bluetooth" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-11-07T12:31:13.170" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13785" CreationDate="2015-07-13T17:09:53.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both Acceptance tests and Integration tests could be either manual or automated. Unit tests make sense ONLY automated, and I assume your developers write unit tests (as they should).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with manual testing most often used and most recently changed functionality first, where detecting a problems has best value for time invested. But ask your manager for permission to spend some time on automation (instead of manual testing of some obscure functionality), to automate regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automate most often used functionality first, and add more as you have time, possibly saving time by letting program to test basic functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T17:09:53.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13783" CreationDate="2015-07-13T17:14:22.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest possibly assigning some &quot;free play&quot; time with a minimum number of participants, specific classes of player or levels of experience and with a number of objectives and/or story points from the core functionality and from the latest couple of sprints to try to achieve within the time period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could be followed by a structured feedback including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could core points be achieved within time limits&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could recent story points be achieved&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability of interface&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Accuracy and applicability of naming, tips, etc.,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Responsiveness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and some less structured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Problems noted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;General Impressions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suggested Improvements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly this could be followed with a &quot;Can you break it&quot; session with questions of could you - how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually you would look to have at minimum an experienced user, an inexperienced but technically aware use &lt;em&gt;possibly a member of another team or a teenager&lt;/em&gt;, a totally inexperienced user if training is not normally provided &lt;em&gt;consider a member of clerical or non-technical managerial staff for this&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;a typical customer end user&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can consider allowing anonymous feedback but if so the user should indicate level of experience and background which for the short term will render it less anonymous in the short term but will allow weighting of the results with customer representative feedback on usability being given a very high weighting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Version control your results/feedback with a reference to as your source code version information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, consider using a screen recorder and possibly a video camera for supplementary information, the first so that if it turns out that clicking on the pixel at [12,42] crashes the app or does something strange you can reproduce the problem. The second will let you see when the user is having problems knowing what to do next even if they say that they had no problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Most important plan, structure, ensure that you can reproduce and aim to compare apples with apples not with mangoes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T17:14:22.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13783" CreationDate="2015-07-13T17:26:06.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;ANY test CAN be automated, given enough resources (time and manpower) - but for many tests such effort does not make sense. If user interface or functionality is under constant churn, you are better off do just manual tests, because developing automated test (programs) takes more time, so may not be able to keep up with development (unless you have as many testers as developers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-07-13T19:02:30.523" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T19:02:30.523" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13762" CreationDate="2015-07-13T19:01:23.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, as @Steve Barnes says, you should NEVER run test on production database. If you do, you are asking for problems, and you WILL get them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, part of your test should be test of creating user: if you create user via SQL script and not your app functionality, you are not testing that, and you are creating special program which needs to be maintained. If 2 years from now there is a change in how new user is created, will you remember to (1) go back to your script which creates users and (2) fix it correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless creating users adds huge performance penalty, you are better off using integration-level functionality of your application (so you can test them), instead of deep system API. (I assume you are writing integration/acceptance level tests, not unit tests, where you test code unit in separation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I did in similar situation was to create new bunch of data (new company, new users with different roles) which were names using naming conventions so you can obviously see (1) they are test entities (2) who belongs where. So in example my code started with generating random tag XYZ, then creating TestCompanyXYZ, AdminXYZ1, RegUserXYZ1, RegUserXYZ2, etc. Then, I run it is test environment, not in PROD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless you are as cool as this guy, of course: &lt;a href=&quot;http://memegenerator.net/instance/59548834&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://memegenerator.net/instance/59548834&lt;/a&gt; - then go ahead and test in PROD :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-07-13T19:01:23.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13792" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13798" CreationDate="2015-07-13T22:44:04.940" Score="3" ViewCount="49634" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am clicking a link which takes me to new page, but I don't know how to proceed after that. When I try to find an element by id in the next page it gives me error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;myid&quot;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;&#xA;browser.get('myurl')&#xA;elem = browser.find_element_by_id('closeMessageButton') # Find the search box&#xA;elem.click() # this takes me to new link&#xA;&#xA;# now I am searching id from new page&#xA;elem = browser.find_element_by_id('newpage_id')  #&#xA;elem.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.obeythetestinggoat.com/how-to-get-selenium-to-wait-for-page-load-after-a-click.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.obeythetestinggoat.com/how-to-get-selenium-to-wait-for-page-load-after-a-click.html&lt;/a&gt; but couldn't succeed in implementing for my case.&#xA;I think the information in browser is not updated yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12674" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:59:06.533" LastActivityDate="2021-01-13T16:27:02.240" Title="how to proceed after clicking a link to new page in selenium in python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13783" CreationDate="2015-07-14T02:40:30.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you are trying to look for full coverage it seems theirs a gap between automated testing and then the manual type of exploratory testing (Which...maybe I'm wrong, but it feels almost like smoke testing but you don't really have a specific test &quot;plan&quot; for it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay, from this description, I think the problem may be that you are limiting your definition of exploratory testing to just completely freestyle unplanned exploration. (I may be wrong, that's just what I'm reading in to the above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people sitting down for a SBTM session will plan their coverage - just not in a heavyweight document, but in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2293/how-do-you-write-clear-succinct-test-charters-for-exploratory-testing-sessions&quot;&gt;test charters&lt;/a&gt;. This lets you get a high level view of what you are covering, and also, because at the end of the session you also add new charters that you've realised are needed, it allows you to be flexible to incorporate newly discovered or changing requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of a charter (from this blogpost &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/2006/04/rigorous-exploratory-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rigorous Exploratory Testing&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Exercise the Publish feature in various ways to find any instances where a valid publish request does not complete successfully or where the user does not receive any feedback about the actions the Publish feature took on their behalf.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For further reading, I'd recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Elizabeth Hendrickson's&lt;/a&gt; awesome book, &lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/ehxta/explore-it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Explore It!&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. It's a fantastic fit for an Agile team (unsurprisingly, considering the author).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If time is the issue, then I would also recommend that it can help to break down the automate/manual distinction a little, and instead think about &quot;tests we want to keep&quot; vs &quot;tests we just need to run once&quot;. It can be very quick to write throwaway scripts that automate part of what you're wanting to do, but then do the rest manually - e.g. capturing results that you can evaluate yourself later, or getting through a common set of steps repeatedly to the point where you want to start varying things. (This may sound obvious, but an awful lot of teams don't think of doing this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T02:40:30.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13785" CreationDate="2015-07-14T03:07:43.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ouch. No, the old school sort of test plan doesn't make much sense in your context. The only reason I can see for doing them is if you had a contractual requirement with a client to deliver them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will anyone read them except you? (If no - then stop doing them now!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you re-read them, what do you use them for? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To remind you of how to do something (is it already in user docs? Is there a team wiki where you can document how to set up some tricky config once, instead of in multiple places? Or better still, get other people to do it as well!). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or to remind you what you did last time (can you just use one-liner test ideas, or mindmaps to help you note down details in a very fast and frugal way?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing that you &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; be able to do (depending on politics) is to step back from trying to &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; all the testing, and instead &lt;em&gt;advise&lt;/em&gt; on all the testing. I.e. pair with developers/product owners to discuss/plan what needs to be covered, and then help them to do this, rather than trying to do it all yourself. This is the most sane approach (using a scarce resource as a coach rather than trying to spread them so thin they can't get anything done), but it's also considered utterly unimaginable crazy fool stuff in too many organisations. I don't know what your context is. You may find that you can do a little bit of this - e.g. get a friendly developer on one project to help you implement automated acceptance checks, but other devs may not be willing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T03:07:43.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13796" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-14T04:51:47.700" Score="1" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to build a new framework based on Cucumber and Page Object Pattern. Could you please advice me what approach to take based on your experience before doing automation project like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the structure of project?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I organize code to be able re-useable for 2 projects (the framework will be applied for other projects but different step_definitions)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T16:04:33.993" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T11:22:29.167" Title="Things to consider when starting project with Cucumber and Page Object Pattern?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9934" CreationDate="2015-07-14T06:32:19.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Microsoft Test Manager (MTM)&lt;/strong&gt; supports attachments and it is integrated with Team Foundation Server (TFS). While you executing the test cases you can add screenshots or files to the failed steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T06:32:19.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13792" CreationDate="2015-07-14T10:38:30.587" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that you don't switch to opened window, and webdriver searches for elements in the old page instead of the newly opened one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String winHandleBefore = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;        for(String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()){&#xA;            driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This java method's part switches to the newest window. Also consider maximizing it, because sometimes tests masses up in not maximized windows.&#xA;Another point: waiting. Try to read here about different types of &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12858972/how-can-i-ask-the-selenium-webdriver-to-wait-for-few-seconds-in-java&quot;&gt;wait&lt;/a&gt;. Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12610" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-07-18T15:42:53.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13785" CreationDate="2015-07-14T11:59:27.523" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short version&lt;/strong&gt;: Don't sweat on automation or test cases. Chances are you won't get time to build it because there's too much that has to be manually tested &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt;. Instead focus on building light-weight, easy to maintain documentation of the key elements of the software you're testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The longer version&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my world. I'm the sole tester in a team of 10, supporting multiple applications and projects. To make things even more entertaining, the applications we support are not unit tested (mostly because it's next to impossible - classic ASP does not allow unit testing, and old-school VB6 may be worse). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The suggestions below are based on my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start by defining a short list of tests to use as a smoke test&lt;/strong&gt; (in my case &quot;short&quot; means it takes about an hour to run these manually). These should cover the most critical functionality of the software and/or the things users do most. It doesn't matter how you define them, as long as you can easily reference them. These are the tests you run for every release of the application in question. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keep your test cases for enhancements and new functionality at a high level&lt;/strong&gt;. I typically give a short descriptive scenario for the test case, such as &quot;User with admin profile can see the button. On click, the button takes the user to site X&quot;. In my experience you only need more detail if you've got a developer who codes exactly what's in the specs without any thought to wider implications (and by &quot;exactly&quot; I mean if the design doc doesn't explicitly say how many pixels spacing between page elements the page elements will have no spacing - and then argues that the code matches spec so it's not a bug).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you can use an integrated application lifecycle management tool, do it.&lt;/strong&gt; If not, use whatever works. I've found wikis are useful if there's no ALM available. (The advantages of ALM tools like Team Foundation Server and so forth is that your builds, test cases, source control, and bug/issue management tools are all in one central repository which makes cross-linking a lot simpler)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Domain knowledge is your friend&lt;/strong&gt;. Talk to as many people as you can about modules that tend to have problems, external dependencies, usage patterns, customers you can't afford to upset, and so forth. This helps you work out the highest risk areas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Document dependencies&lt;/strong&gt;. You don't need much detail here: I created a set of wiki pages (using an antique version of SharePoint's built-in wiki engine) that start with a list of all the modules in the application and which ones can be affected by changes to other modules. Each module has a page describing (briefly) the page function, the conditions where the module is read-only, and a bulleted list of things I need to consider any time I have to test changes to that module. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You will become the go-to person for application knowledge&lt;/strong&gt;. This is why I suggest if you have to look up something more than once, you put a reference to it somewhere easily located. Software developers typically develop in-depth knowledge of the modules they work with. Testers and QA people typically develop a broad knowledge of the software, and when you're the one and only, that means you wind up knowing how to do almost everything the application allows you to do (and usually quite a few things it shouldn't let you do).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T11:59:27.523" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-14T12:16:10.707" Score="0" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;p&gt;Planning to automate testing for Multiple Environments (Desktop, WEB and Mobile). &#xA;Searching for the most comfortable and cost efficient tool to use. Found some tools: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;eggPlant&lt;/a&gt;, TestComplete and T-Plan Robot.&#xA;Can anybody suggest me any tool I missed or give me advice, what tool is better from the listed ones above? :)&#xA;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12677" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T07:05:56.437" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T07:05:56.437" Title="Searching for the most comfortable and cost efficient tool to implement Test Automation for Multiple Environments (Desktop, WEB and Mobile)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11818" CreationDate="2015-07-14T14:07:23.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all gather all requirement to automate particular application. From all aspect like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test coverage to automate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequency of test execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then after based on requirement go with the tool selection. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application is completely web based and should be tested on cross browser on different environment then you can go with Selenium and Protractor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application is desktop/web based but only will be tested on windows environment then you should go with Coded-UI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used both Selenium as well as Coded-UI. Coded-UI is little bit complex to start with but once you understand core concepts you will find it easy to use and maintain all test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6865" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T13:26:15.173" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T13:26:15.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13801" CreationDate="2015-07-14T15:21:47.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally for me and the company we like using selenium and using &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt;. To be honest it's the best multiple platform tool I have used, so its worth taking a look at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T15:21:47.927" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13804" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13805" CreationDate="2015-07-14T18:24:20.703" Score="1" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are in the IV&amp;amp;V phase of a web application, which is being developed and tested by a completely separate team. So, the client for which we are working has two vendors one which is developing and testing the software and other is &lt;strong&gt;‘We’&lt;/strong&gt; the IV&amp;amp;V team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a part of this team we are not concerned about their internal practices, daily activities, team composition and their trackers for task and issues. What we are concerned about the Quality and Delivery of the product, Code Review, Test Plan review, Test Cases review, Process being followed by them should be as per Industry standards &amp;amp; guidelines and responsible for pre-UAT (i.e. we will execute sampled test cases/Validate the flow of the application) &lt;em&gt;(this all detail might be required for phrasing context of my question)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We used to have all of the following and few other metrics, when I was part of the actual testing team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect Density&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect Leakage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect Removal Efficiency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Cases Passed/Failed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case execution efficiency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my questions are:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are these metrics relevant for me when I am doing IV&amp;amp;V of a project?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do I need any quality metrics from their side?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If answer of 2 is Yes, What are other metrics, which I should ask them to provide from IV&amp;amp;V point of view both for Functional and Non-Functional requirements?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T01:55:52.110" Title="IV&amp;V relevant Quality metrics" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13804" CreationDate="2015-07-14T18:33:37.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are these metrics relevant for me when I am doing IV&amp;amp;V of a project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techopedia.com/definition/24836/independent-verification-and-validation--iv&amp;amp;v&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IV&amp;amp;V&lt;/a&gt; is to have someone look at your project with a fresh pair of eyes and report anything that doesn't match the outlined requirements. This 3rd party wont need anything besides the list of requirements, really. Just think, do they care if your previous tests are passing and failing? Nope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do I need any quality metrics from their side?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will probably only receive a list of &quot;issues&quot; found while they manually tested. You can derive some metrics from this if you wish, but what benefit is there? Just fix the issues and your dev/qa team can write up the new test cases for things they didn't think of for future regressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2015-07-15T01:55:52.110" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T01:55:52.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13786" CreationDate="2015-07-14T18:37:56.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go the simplest route; do input-output testing. Perform some action and verify the result. If the communication fails, so does your test as the expected result/response will not occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T18:37:56.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13785" CreationDate="2015-07-14T18:47:52.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It seems to me that having Acceptance Tests is a must have, and possibly testing sessions for bugs...but I'm wondering if the old school type of test plan....really make sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acceptance tests are based on a ticket's Acceptance Criteria. A testing session for bugs... I think you mean a smoke test. Which I advice before every deployment, at a minimum. The &quot;old school test plan&quot; is exhaustive and benefits no one. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/13746/11015&quot;&gt;our discussion&lt;/a&gt; on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Right now i've been researching Automation testing in my spare time trying to figure out the best course of action, while doing exploratory sessions and recording the bugs in Excel (Lame I know, but I gotta start somewhere)....Where do you go from here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn automation, most people start out with Selenium IDE. Get your bugs into a shared system. At least, use Google Docs so you can share the sheet easily with devs and no one who wants to look at it will need M$ Office. There are plenty of online tools for Issue Tracking. A popular one is JIRA. I have used alternatives like BugTracker and FogBugz, but JIRA is by far my favorite (beating out TFS, too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T18:47:52.170" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13759" CreationDate="2015-07-14T18:55:13.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on your CI tool, you could just have it kick off a PowerShell or Bash script. That script can be made to handle everything you just mentioned. It is not exactly an out-of-the-box solution, but will only take a few hours to setup if you know a bit about scripting and know what command line commands to call in your script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used to have script that I would run after a build. To run it I would hop on the VM and double-click the file on the desktop. It would copy the build over and then fire off automated tests. When the automated tests finished they would handle the reporting (I use Telerik Test Studio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you are using a Windows Desktop Application, your automated tools are limited to, pretty much, just AutoIT. Whose scripts can be called via command line (in your deployment script).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T18:55:13.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13801" CreationDate="2015-07-14T20:46:07.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Telerik's Test Studio&lt;/strong&gt; is also a good tool and will provide you required support and features. You can use this tool for testing Web, Mobile, Desktop (but only WPF) applications. test Complete is also a good tool which will suffice your requirements (advantage is it supports more variety of Desktop applications). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, cost wise Test Studio is cheaper than Test Complete and it offers Performance + Load test features too in same license. You may need to consider the Performance testing feature too when selecting tool, as NFRs also vital part of delivery quality &lt;em&gt;(sometimes it got completely neglected)&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also go for free tools but then you need to use multiple tools for the same like Selenium (web), Selendroid (android) and Robot (desktop). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you can go for paid tools (depending upon project budget and ROI) then Test Complete and/or Test Studio are good tools. Start with evaluation of these tools and create POC using Trial versions, then create a &lt;strong&gt;Short Summary&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(if you require for your own analysis only)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Descriptive Analysis&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(if you need to provide it to management/client for license procurement)&lt;/em&gt; to decide which too is good for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use some technique for analysis like:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Rating method&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Decision tree analysis, etc.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this will provide you a clear picture which tool you should go for (based on features, requirements, support, cost and others) and can show your &lt;strong&gt;Decision Analysis Report&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;POC&lt;/strong&gt; to customer/ project members to support your decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T20:46:07.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13810" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13811" CreationDate="2015-07-14T20:59:32.557" Score="1" ViewCount="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm sitting my ISEB Intermediate on Thursday and, going through some mock papers now, I've been presented with a problem statement which (no matter how many times I read it), I just can't understand how they arrive to a different conclusion. So bear with me on this one...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem statement:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The project manager is concerned that poor quality releases are being delivered by development and this is affecting the time necessary to complete testing and will ultimately effect the project deadline. You have offered to help identify entry criteria for system testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following entry criteria would you recommend for system testing in the circumstances described above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. 100% of the code coverage is achieved&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. Development have tested the release in their environment and it works with no major issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c. All high risk requirements have been tested&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d. Relevant boundary and partition tests have passed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e. System testing environment has been tested and passed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;f. Static analysis has been performed and there are no outstanding issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. a, b and c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. b, d and e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C. b, d and f.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D. a, c and e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So first time round, I incorrectly answered A. Which is fine... I get why it isn't A. (it's unreasonable for QA to expect Dev are able to achieve 100% code coverage at unit integration level)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had another go and figured it &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; be D... but that's wrong also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** &lt;strong&gt;Spoiler alert!!!&lt;/strong&gt; ** The correct answer is B. So apparently it makes more sense to suggest that relevant boundary and partition test have passed unit integration rather than ensuring that all high risk requirements have been tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that sound right? Or am I completely missing the point of reasonable entry criteria for system testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T22:16:48.053" Title="Unsure of how ISEB Intermediate answer is correct" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;iseb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13810" CreationDate="2015-07-14T21:41:27.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You know that (a) is wrong, which eliminates A and D. Not sure why you thought it might be D: it shares wrong (a).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to decide between B and C answers. Both suggest (b) and (d). Difference is: Which one to add along (b) and (d)?  (e) or (f)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So question is: why (e) and not (f):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;e. System testing environment has been tested and passed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;f. Static analysis has been performed and there are no outstanding issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(e) looks more promising for me - and I never studied for ISEB, even entry level :-). Static analysis seems similar to 100% coverage; not a real executable test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-07-14T22:16:48.053" LastActivityDate="2015-07-14T22:16:48.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13812" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-14T23:57:11.810" Score="5" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to write a script/framework to automate testing of our program.  I need to figure a way to verify/validate the results, either using regular expressions or diffing the results against a known/good/expected results file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was warned if we go the route of diffing files, if someone decides to change the format/output of the program, then we'd have to regenerate all the files to diff against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we could also argue that the same thing would happen with the regular expression route too, that if the output is changed that drastically, we'd need to edit and test the regular expressions too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, with that said, that comes back to my original question; which method is better for verifying output from automated testing?  If there's another method, I'm all ears.  =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5514" LastEditorUserId="5514" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T16:42:35.473" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T11:38:31.310" Title="In what cases are diffing result files better than using regular expressions when verifying test automated output" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13813" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13814" CreationDate="2015-07-15T05:57:15.423" Score="1" ViewCount="5431" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to send an email after executing the test cases with an attachment of testng generated emailable-report.html file ,But I am resulting in error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please find the stack trace here and do needful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;javax.mail.MessagingException: IOException while sending message;nested exception is:&#xA;java.io.FileNotFoundException: D:\test-output (Access is denied)&#xA;at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.sendMessage(SMTPTransport.java:421)&#xA;at hb.util.SendMail.sendMail(SendMail.java:148)&#xA;at hb.util.SendMail.execute(SendMail.java:29)&#xA;at hb.listeners.CustomListener.onTestFailure(CustomListener.java:41)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Invoker.runTestListeners(Invoker.java:1895)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Invoker.runTestListeners(Invoker.java:1879)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:778)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:901)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1231)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:329)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:291)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:240)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1224)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1149)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1057)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:111)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:204)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:175)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T09:04:21.060" Title="send testng report(emailable-report.html) file through mail after executing all test cases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13813" CreationDate="2015-07-15T06:31:43.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you're sending emailable-reports while your test is running you're getting &lt;code&gt;FileNotFoundException&lt;/code&gt; .Reports get generated only after test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt; : If you're sending your emailable reports for the test which has already been executed then you will get previous test report as the current test is still running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have explained about the solution to this problem in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31237318/testng-emailable-report-issue/31266239#31266239&quot;&gt;Post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to send a mail when ever the test case is failed. So I am&#xA;  trying to attach the emailable-report.html file because it's having&#xA;  all the data. so I am trying attach that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can send the mail with the error which occurred but you cannot attach the report in the mail as the test is still executing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//This method will automatically be called if a test fails&#xA;            public void onTestFailure(ITestResult result) {&#xA;&#xA;                //returns the test which failed&#xA;                result.getMethod().getMethodName());&#xA;&#xA;                //create an object of the send mail class and call the method which send the mail and pass the test name which failed as an argument to it.&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to attach reports then you have to set it as a post build option either using &lt;code&gt;jenkins&lt;/code&gt; or tools like &lt;code&gt;maven,ant&lt;/code&gt;.Or the other option is to generate your own custom report from the test results which you have got from methods &lt;code&gt;onTestSuccess&lt;/code&gt;(passed tests),&lt;code&gt;onTestFailure&lt;/code&gt;(failed tests),&lt;code&gt;onTestSkipped&lt;/code&gt;(skipped tests)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you...Kindly get back if you have any doubts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12351" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T09:04:21.060" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13759" CreationDate="2015-07-15T07:28:28.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As your building Windows desktop applications have you looked at what MS has to offer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think their &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/features/lab-management-vs.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Lab Management&lt;/a&gt; tools are designed for these challenges. Combined with &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms181712.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TFS build server&lt;/a&gt; its should be able to bootstrap an test environments on the fly for each build and test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here an article about combining TFS, Lab Management and &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286726.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CodedUI&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://visualstudiomagazine.com/articles/2011/07/01/pfcov_tfs2010-builds.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://visualstudiomagazine.com/articles/2011/07/01/pfcov_tfs2010-builds.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T07:28:28.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13785" CreationDate="2015-07-15T08:11:29.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first three things that come to my mind are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you get the product owner to test new functionality? As they know what they want (as opposed to what they asked for) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't have a test plan, have a one page check list that you can print off and tick off, just so you don't forget any major areas of functionality. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start automating simple things, and think off them as regression tests. It's easy to break rarely used (by developers/testers) and harder to test functionality that is important to end users e.g forgot password &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T08:11:29.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13817" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-15T09:39:00.970" Score="1" ViewCount="4067" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I record a script in Jmeter I get hundreds of samplers that I don't need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I identify which samples can be deleted without impacting the script functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-26T15:34:26.810" LastActivityDate="2020-02-26T15:34:26.810" Title="Recording a script in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13818" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13844" CreationDate="2015-07-15T10:18:41.233" Score="3" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently developing a framework for automated GUI-testing of an application that is well underway in terms of development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the test project has been at a stand-still for quite some time, development of the application is further down the road. The result of this being that I have to write a whole bunch of tests, once I have a suitable framework to use. &#xA;At this point, most of the underlying services, DB structure and business logic is stable / implemented. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, my question is this:&#xA;When is a good time to develop new automated test, and who should be responsible for this?&#xA;Can the developer of a task be assigned with the responsibilty to determine and, if neccesary, implement an automated test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12591" LastEditorUserId="12591" LastEditDate="2015-07-15T11:49:47.033" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T11:38:05.967" Title="When is a good time to develop new automated GUI tests in an existing application still under development?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13818" CreationDate="2015-07-15T11:47:35.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;GUI features are dependant on underlying DB, Services, Business logic. Before the gui is stabilized you can focus on automating services, db layer. This would help you focus on sub-systems. Also, when you need to do End to End tests, example- GUI - Service - DB level tests it would help reuse those validations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend GUI automation when the underlying services, DB, business logic are stable / implemented. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T11:47:35.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13818" CreationDate="2015-07-15T11:51:35.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When is a good time to develop new automated test, and who should be responsible for this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developing the structure of the automation can begin very early on in the process. Once the requirements are set the objects can start getting built out, be put into classes and a lot of the assertions can be built that way all that remains is ToDos that hook into the UI itself to grab the data from the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who should be responsible for this is really an unanswerable question. Ultimately, whoever gets paid to do it/your company feels is responsible for it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can the developer of a task be assigned with the responsibilty to determine and, if neccesary, implement an automated test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, anyone can do it. Typically speaking it would fall into the hands of QA but if your company lacks the resources for QA to be able to manage it than having development handle it will usually lead to be a better product and less calls in the middle of the night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T11:51:35.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13817" CreationDate="2015-07-15T11:52:32.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to refine your scripts for the unwanted requests as per below mentioned ways&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First you should exclude all the static content &lt;strong&gt;(like CSS, images, js files, .properties files, .ico etc.)&lt;/strong&gt; from your recording, as requests for these samples should be from cache and keeping these requests will only make your script lengthy and heavy. So, in your HTTP recorder there is an option to Exclude unwanted samplers, just add all those extensions which you want to exclude there and they will not be recorded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use this Exclusion, most of your unwanted requests/samples will get reduced automatically and instead of hundreds of request you will see few requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your application is communicating to other application/URL through some plugin or other way round, then you need to delete those requests from your recorded script. Just look at the URL which is being called from sampler detail, if that URL does not belong to your application (i.e. IP/domain name is different from yours) then delete such samplers e.g. call being placed to facebook, twitter, some live-chat support plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You need to keep only those HTTP requests which are calling/hitting your application GET/POST method for either posting your request with some parameters and getting response from the server. Any request which is neither posting anything or not getting any response from the server should be deleted. For this too you need to verify samples from their detail.'&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When using step 3, first try with '&lt;strong&gt;Deactivating&lt;/strong&gt;' the samples, if your script works after deactivating then delete those deactivated requested. This is just a backup plan, in case your script doesn't work after delete or you delete some required request by mistake then by using Deactivating method you can still get it back and make your script working. &lt;strong&gt;It is just to avoid some rework (else script need to be re-recorded), Once you get used to this process you can directly go with the delete sample step, instead of first making it inactive and then deleting them.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another method is not to go by recording process, just add blank HTTP samplers to your test plan and then modify your URLs/requests which are actually needed, but for this process you need to have in depth knowledge about the application and which methods are called for performing a feature e.g. for saving a record you need to add the samplers for 'Add', 'View' and 'Save' functions. This method of creating script is bit tricky and time consuming in initial phase but then you don't need to record and then delete samplers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-15T13:41:10.700" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T13:41:10.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13822" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-15T13:30:02.363" Score="0" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could anyone help with the explanation of fields of some common listeners in Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T14:46:00.560" Title="Jmeter listeners - any website for the same...?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-07-16T17:31:51.897" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13823" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-15T13:35:50.050" Score="0" ViewCount="1623" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I record a plan many unwanted samples are generated which I don't want. How can I achieve this....? How to handle HTTP URL of all the samples. Say I will login and then after successful login view a graph by clicking on a drop down on the homepage.&#xA;There are only 2 or 3 steps but while recording the plan some 20 samples are generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T06:10:02.090" Title="One issue with Jmeter recording" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13696" CreationDate="2015-07-15T13:40:37.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it turned out, Internet Explorer 11 disable to read pac file pointing to them as a file:///. The problem solved by transferring the file to an internal Web server and pointing to it as http link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T13:40:37.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13818" CreationDate="2015-07-15T14:02:50.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually developers write unit tests (because unit tests are close to the code developers know well).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated GUI test use different instrumentation (Selenium?) so need a bit different skillset. Sometimes might be even developed in different language: because GUI tests are inherently slower, it might make sense to use language like Python which allows you to develop tests quickly and in form more readable to domain experts, than if main app is developed in say Erlang. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So GUI tests usually fall under QA team responsibility, if it has capacity and skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you have just few manual testers, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and want automated GUI tests quickly, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and cannot hire test engineers for QA, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then the only developers available are your core developers. :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But IMHO core developers writing automated GUI tests would not be ideal. Not only they need to develop knowledge in a toolchain not relevant for core development, but also employing another set of eyes to read the specifications and implementing test might reveal subtle misunderstanding which would not surface if same person (with same misunderstanding) develops both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T14:02:50.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13823" CreationDate="2015-07-15T17:57:23.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are only 2 or 3 steps but while recording the plan some 20&#xA;  samples are generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is because when you record a test then not only your actions but along with that all the static content which is being used for completing your request gets recorded. So you will see lots of requests for images, style sheets, Java script files etc. in your recorded samples. JMeter by default record all these components until you tell it to exclude the same. So either you need to delete these not-required requests or you can exclude the same from recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer these links for how to exclude the requests: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In additon to this, this question is almost similar to the question already posted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13817/recording-a-script-in-jmeter&quot;&gt;Recording a script in Jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer this question for more details on your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T17:57:23.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13822" CreationDate="2015-07-15T18:14:44.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you please elaborate your question, i.e. which common listeners you are talking about like:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aggregate Report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View Results in tree&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View Results in table&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and which fields explanations you need like:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of Samples (# Samples)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;90% line&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because JMeter has lots of listeners and a performance tester needs to summarize his/her report in a manner that he/she can target different level of Audience for displaying report like Management report will be different from Developer report. For preparing such reports, one may need to use multiple listeners for creating a Performance report to please every mass of Audience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you update about the name of listeners or their fields you are looking for; will update you about the explanation of fields and you can refer the following links too &lt;strong&gt;(from Stack Overflow and Jmeter site)&lt;/strong&gt; as someone has already asked &amp;amp; answered similar question:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10448516/apache-jmeter-listener-results-interpretation&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10448516/apache-jmeter-listener-results-interpretation&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Aggregate_Report&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Aggregate_Report&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nico.vahlas.eu/2010/03/30/some-thoughts-on-stress-testing-web-applications-with-jmeter-part-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://nico.vahlas.eu/2010/03/30/some-thoughts-on-stress-testing-web-applications-with-jmeter-part-2/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second Part: Information about the listeners you have asked&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.    View Results tree:&lt;/strong&gt;  This listener is used when you want to validate your test, see the HTML response to verify whether, your recorded and modified test (e.g. after using XPath extractor, CSV files) is running correctly or not. If you are not getting the HTML of the expected page then it means that there is some issue with the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use this listener for validating the Request posted by the JMeter to server, if you have used a &lt;strong&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/strong&gt;, then using &lt;strong&gt;‘Request’&lt;/strong&gt; tab of this listener you can see what actually has been posted by JMeter.&#xA;It can also be used for seeing the response of your request i.e. it tell whether the response is &lt;strong&gt;‘OK’, 200&lt;/strong&gt; etc. or for errors it tells you &lt;strong&gt;‘500’, ‘404’&lt;/strong&gt; and its details.&#xA;For more information refer to this link &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;But don’t use this listener in actual test, as it consumes a lot of memory.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.    View Results in a Table:&lt;/strong&gt; As the name suggest this listener provides the table view of the results, instead of grouping samples with their name, it provides the individual result of each sample. Let’s say you execute a test for 100 user load and it contains a request to some Test.aspx page, then using this listener, instead of getting only Average value, you will know the individual response time of each user separately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will know the start time of each sample, this is helpful when you are using some timers and want to see whether time is actually working as required or not, as this tells you which request got delayed and by what time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Again this too is a heavy listener&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; so should not be used while running actual tests. Definitely you can use this listener for digging out more over results, but that can be done even after completing tests, just open your existing .jtl file in this listener and it will give you the table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_in_Table&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_in_Table&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.    Summary Report:&lt;/strong&gt; This is a light weight listener which is actually used for preparing reports, as it shows almost all the required information. It groups the samples based on their name and then provide the average time for grouping. This provides ‘Std. Dev.’ Value for the executed tests, which is required in management reports for Statistical Analysis of the results. You should read about the Variance and Std. Deviation first (if not already know) for knowing this field more as this is very usable field value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Summary_Report&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Summary_Report&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.    Simple Data writer:&lt;/strong&gt; This is one of the lightest listeners of JMeter which doesn’t display any data but used in script for creating .jtl file, especially when executed in non-GUI mode. This reduces the size of the scripts and consumes less memory, helpful in bigger and heavy load tests. JTL file saved in this listener can be opened in any other in-built listener for creating reports.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Simple_Data_Writer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Simple_Data_Writer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to this you can read about the Plugin listeners of JMeter, most commonly used is the &lt;strong&gt;‘Perfmon Metrics’&lt;/strong&gt; this providers information about the resource utilization of the servers (Application and DB servers). Since, Resource Utilization is one of the Key Performance Indicator for determining the performance of system (specially scaling part). Using this you can monitor the &lt;strong&gt;CPU, Memory, Network I/O etc&lt;/strong&gt;. values of servers under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T14:46:00.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13762" CreationDate="2015-07-15T20:48:58.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some pitfalls I encountered by using simple database operations. Some might be applicable for API and SQL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the best order to enter data?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;E.g. I need to enter customer. So I fill a table of zip codes first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What kind of data is available?&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;E.g. I need a valid zip code. Only a third of the table is loaded. Ofcourse mine is not in the table, so I need another zip code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What kind of relationships must be made before testing?&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;E.g. So this customer wants to order. What is the name of his company? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are the business rules for the test data?&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;E.g. A customer can only work for one company.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some database operations can bypass checks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which test data am I using?&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;E.g. I have an order for red balls. Is this the order I placed yesterday or today? &#xA;Tip: make test data day and time dependent. E.g. “Red 15-jul-2015 10 am.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12692" LastActivityDate="2015-07-15T20:48:58.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13832" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-16T04:12:36.123" Score="1" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here is the Scenario&lt;/strong&gt; : &#xA;When i login to the application, a graph is displayed with some main menus on the left side of the page.&#xA;The graph takes some time to get displayed say 3 to 4 seconds but the buttons are displayed early.&#xA;I want to measure how much time the graph is taking to get displayed after successful login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NgrOK.png&quot; alt=&quot;This is what is displayed when i login&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T15:23:05.720" Title="In Jmeter, After Login, A graph is displayed apart from some menus" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13823" CreationDate="2015-07-16T06:10:02.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can filter out &quot;unwanted&quot; requests which may include completely external resources like banners, images from 3rd-party websites, Google Analytics, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is recommended to remove such requests as external websites isn't something you can control and your test should focus solely on the application under test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1903905-excluding-domains-from-the-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Excluding Domains from the Load Test&lt;/a&gt; guide to learn how to efficiently filter out external resources. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to best practices and what requests need to be made, I'm a strong believer of &quot;reality&quot; approach - load test should be as close to real browser behaviour as possible. So&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browsers download &quot;embedded resources&quot; like scripts, styles, images, etc. - JMeter test should do the same&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browsers download embedded resources, but do it &lt;em&gt;only once&lt;/em&gt; - on subsequent requests aforementioned resources are being returned from browser's cache. So it is recommended to add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cookies are quite important for authentication, state-management, etc. Add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T06:10:02.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13834" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-16T06:46:22.290" Score="2" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have requirements to do the load test on RPC calls(web services) with huge data for example 50,000 users and etc.., So what are the dependencies to vary the results(I mean it varies from server configuration,like that I need to know what the dependencies are)? And can we set the server configuration from Jmeter? Please let me know if there are any options in jmeter to increase the load gradually to meet the maximum limit of that server. What will happen when the load reaches its maximum value?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T19:09:06.520" LastActivityDate="2015-08-16T19:53:49.283" Title="Can we set server configuration while doing load testing using Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13835" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-16T07:08:02.220" Score="2" ViewCount="5463" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Jmeter plan which has couple of samples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While running only the first time the &lt;strong&gt;connec time&lt;/strong&gt; is non-zero positive number otherwise it is coming out to be 0 for all the other samples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the script is a recorded one.&#xA;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Thd1Z.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T22:51:47.520" Title="Connect time(ms) in jmeter is coming out to be 0" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13836" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-16T07:13:38.633" Score="1" ViewCount="2229" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium. I want to verify data shown in grid on my web application page with database value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have gone through blogs, and what I have found is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;em&gt;Selenium Webdriver&lt;/em&gt; in C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i. Connect to database and execute the query and get data.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;ii. Get parent element of data shown on screen and loop through its child element and match the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any better way available to validate data (let's say data in grid) shown on web page with database using &lt;em&gt;selenium webdriver?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using IDE: I have searched for this but I have not found any way to connect selenium IDE with database (in my case, SQL Server).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if I have missed something or misunderstood the concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12698" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T17:08:05.413" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T12:48:22.197" Title="Verify grid data in selenium webdriver using c#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6706" CreationDate="2015-07-16T07:35:31.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I searched google and found another which is pretty GOOD. You can find them &lt;a href=&quot;https://udger.com/resources/ua-list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://useragentstring.com/pages/useragentstring.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12417" LastEditorUserId="12417" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T12:17:43.990" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T12:17:43.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-16T07:39:44.593" Score="2" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would we assess a Test Planning/Test Execution/ practices in an organization is at Level 1, Level 2 etc. What would be the practices of each Level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where we can think practices are evolving to higher standards as we increase to another level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&#xA;Sashi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5617" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T19:10:22.933" Title="How to assess Testing Maturity in an organization" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13842" CreationDate="2015-07-16T08:16:02.450" Score="7" ViewCount="28374" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to do load test with 10000 users using JMeter. I want to know whether my system is capable of doing that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My System Configuration :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RAM: 4 GB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Processor : Intel core 2 quad 2.50 GHz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OS: windows 7 (64 bit)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please let me know if it is not possible suggest me the alternative&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T18:45:07.797" LastActivityDate="2019-06-27T16:35:25.743" Title="Maximum number of threads supported by JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13840" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-16T08:46:05.173" Score="1" ViewCount="1474" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have got some jmeter scripts which have used BSF preprocessor. I don't what type of programming it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sample code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Random=Parameters;&#xA;var DayOfLogs =&quot;&quot;;&#xA;if (Random == 1)&#xA;{&#xA;    DayOfLogs = &quot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quot;;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T20:37:05.733" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T07:00:48.710" Title="What type of script is written in BSF preprocessor..?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13839" CreationDate="2015-07-16T08:46:20.273" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;'10000 users' using jmeter is pretty tough on single machine considering given configuration, the maximum number of threads supported by jmeter will be 300 to 400 depending on your script, eventually jmeter will get stuck with 'OutOfMemoryError' and it will create a very large dump file. it would be best to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;distributed jmeter&lt;/a&gt; and simulate distributed '10000 users' for creating load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12699" LastEditorUserId="12699" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T08:54:27.143" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T08:54:27.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13839" CreationDate="2015-07-16T09:11:11.403" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This greatly depends on the system you are running jMeter on and how heavy the test is. Your system does not look heavy enough for 10k concurrent users, from the jMeter documentation I get the feeling 1k is the target limit for each machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&lt;/a&gt; for running your tests from multiple remote jMeter nodes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the event that your JMeter client machine is unable,&#xA;  performance-wise, to simulate enough users to stress your server or is&#xA;  limited at network level, an option exists to control multiple, remote&#xA;  JMeter engines from a single JMeter client. By running JMeter&#xA;  remotely, you can replicate a test across many low-end computers and&#xA;  thus simulate a larger load on the server. One instance of the JMeter&#xA;  client can control any number of remote JMeter instances, and collect&#xA;  all the data from them. This offers the following features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Saving of test samples to the local machine Managment of multiple&#xA;  JMeterEngines from a single machine No need to copy the test plan to&#xA;  each server - the client sends it to all the servers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can use your colleague's desktops in the evening and or in the weekend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or try running the remote nodes in the cloud, this might be very cost effective for large loads as you only pay for the machines as you use them, beats buying more and or better desktops/servers to load test from. See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.http503.com/2012/run-jmeter-on-amazon-ec2-cloud/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.http503.com/2012/run-jmeter-on-amazon-ec2-cloud/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T09:11:11.403" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13835" CreationDate="2015-07-16T10:49:00.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check keep-alive settings of your samplers. With keep-alive turned on for all samplers each thread would establish connection only once, at the start of test, and reuse it for other requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12700" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T10:49:00.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13818" CreationDate="2015-07-16T11:38:05.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the application developers have been building unit and integration automation that runs with each build, you aren't as far behind as you would be if no low-level automated checks existed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA is usually in charge of automated GUI checks and may also be in charge of some of the high-level headless automated checks (such as API testing and the like). Depending on how many people are available, this can be the responsibility of a dedicated automation group, or it can be something the &quot;regular&quot; testers do (in which case, if time is not explicitly allocated your situation happens).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My preference if it can be done is to build the framework early and plug in the specific high-level tests once the API/GUI/whatever has stabilized. If your business logic is handled by API, you can (and should) run most of your business logic tests through the API rather than the GUI, and minimize GUI automation (it's always going to be slower and more fragile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some suggestions for catching up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start with automating the low-effort, high-ROI tests&lt;/strong&gt; - these are the areas of the application that get most use and/or are most bug-prone. Your goal should be to have GUI automation covering the 20% of the application that will get 80% of the use (this is one reason why automating login is one of the first things many automation projects do).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use a data-driven approach wherever possible&lt;/strong&gt; - Unless your application is very different from most larger projects, there will be a lot of tests that use more or less the same process but differ in data. If you can run each set of these through one set of code with a data repository (ideally stored &lt;em&gt;outside&lt;/em&gt; the automation code) you've made a big step to keeping your automation code clean and DRY. You've also made a significant investment in maintainability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remember that automation code is &lt;em&gt;code&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - It will have bugs, and should be reviewed. It will also be very likely to be &lt;em&gt;more&lt;/em&gt; complex than the application code since you are writing code that manipulates other code without full access to the other code. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't just automate your manual tests&lt;/strong&gt; - I can't stress this enough. Automated tests need to harness what computers are good at: doing repetitive tasks over and over without changing anything about how they do it. This is perfect for things like entering multiple different orders into an application and checking that the tax calculations are correct. It doesn't work nearly as well for things like testing usability or layout. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Look to what the test is trying to achieve&lt;/strong&gt; - every test has a purpose which isn't necessarily what it does. That purpose might be ensuring that logged in users see only what their permissions level permits them to see (log on as low-privilege user) or it might be to simulate a particular user role (log on as cashier and perform a shift close). Once you've decided the purpose of the test, you can work out the best way to automate it (or if it's worth automating: if an action is likely to happen once a year it may not be worth automating compared to something that will happen daily).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T11:38:05.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13845" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-16T13:54:45.790" Score="2" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I try to capture &quot;warning message&quot;, the &lt;code&gt;NoAlertException&lt;/code&gt; is being thrown. For example I enter a user name and wrong password and click on &quot;submit&quot; button; now a message will be displayed saying &quot;&lt;em&gt;Please enter a correct password&lt;/em&gt;&quot;. I am trying to get this message but I could not find the right code. Can any one help me to get the message?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12701" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2015-07-16T17:38:23.950" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T18:01:40.550" Title="Cannot capture the warning message: NoAlertException" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13836" CreationDate="2015-07-16T14:23:34.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We did it the same way using C#. Unless it is really slow I would leave it like this. &#xA;The only suggestion I would have would be to give each cell a unique identifier so you can use the quick &quot;by id&quot; locator. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also check that the MAX+1 rows / columns don't exist if you want to be really rigorous. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T14:23:34.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3724" CreationDate="2015-07-16T14:48:40.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.midori.jira.plugin.betterexcel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Better Excel Plugin&lt;/a&gt; provides an enhanced Excel export feature&lt;/strong&gt; for JIRA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has strong data types (the built-in feature produces all text output)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It supports formulas, functions, pivot tables and all the bells and whistles in Excel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can be automated and scripted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is compatible with Open Office and Numbers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.midori-global.com/products/jira-better-excel-plugin/#comparison&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;full comparison and documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12702" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T14:48:40.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13838" CreationDate="2015-07-16T15:54:02.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As is often the case, there are competing definitions as to what constitutes each level. If there is a particular model you are attempting to follow you will find the definition(s) vary slightly but follow a general theme. I have tried to outline below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Level One: Initial - Testing is Ad-Hoc. In particular during a crisis, procedures are ignored or not implemented. Often under the guise of &quot;to be faster&quot;&#xA;&#xA;Level Two: Repeatable - Testing is basic, but planned. There might be test strategies, test plans, test cases which are run at the end of a project based on requirements. Normally, a waterfall model is followed at this level.&#xA;&#xA;Level Three: Defined - Testing follows a SDLC with specialist testers carrying out tests throughout the cycle. A simple example is the V-Model where testing is involved at a number of touchpoints. This is also the first level to take into account Non-Functional testing.&#xA;&#xA;Level Four: Managed - Testing is carried out at every stage of the SDLC, including reviews of requirements and designs. This is often considerd the first level of true agile testing. Testing is peer reviewed and external stakeholders are involved at each stage.&#xA;&#xA;Level Five: Optimizing - The ideal. This is where the testing process itself is tested and improved. It is often said that at this level &quot;everyone is a tester&quot;, with everyone on the team contributing to the testing and process improvement.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="12200" LastEditDate="2015-07-17T19:10:22.933" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T19:10:22.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13849" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-16T16:16:57.380" Score="5" ViewCount="2688" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a Mobile App project and I am particularly focused on the Video module of it. Scenario I am looking to Automate. is there a open source tool that can do this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scroll Down to the Video module in the App&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click on the Video&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes a Get request--&gt; Gets the playlist from the server&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See how much time does it take to load the Ad in the player&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After Ad is done --. verify If the Video &quot;Get&quot; Call is made and Video starts Playing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12703" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T12:15:13.620" Title="Is there a tool to test Videos in a Mobile App" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9655" CreationDate="2015-07-16T17:40:02.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I try the scroll down with loop, it's great with Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/usr/bin/python&#xA;# -*- coding: utf8 -*-&#xA;&#xA;scroll_time = 13&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;scroll = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;element_name&quot;)&#xA;for num in range(0, scroll_time):&#xA;    scroll.send_keys(Keys.PAGE_DOWN)&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12705" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T17:40:02.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13834" CreationDate="2015-07-16T17:53:44.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So What are the dependencies to vary the results(I mean it varies from server configuration,like that i need to know what are the dependencies) ? And can we set the server configuration from the Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You set the target URL. JMeter makes a series of network requests to whatever endpoint you specify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please let me know is there any option in jmeter to increase the load gradually to meet the maximum limit of that server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you set the &quot;ramp up&quot; for a &quot;thread group&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what will happen when load reaches to its maximum value ??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your tests will run to completion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you could benefit from reading the tutorial: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also recommend watching a How-To or two on YouTube (most are 10 minutes long).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T17:53:44.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13835" CreationDate="2015-07-16T18:00:10.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This value of connection time and keep-alive setting, is more usable when application is running on SSL handshake. If this setting is on and once the connection has been established, response times will decrease. Connection time value is important to know if the changes in response times you’re seeing are caused by these connections being established or if they are due to a resource being exhausted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Earlier versions of JMeter doesn't show Connection time as a separate parameter, the latency in JMeter includes the connection time. So you’ll need to subtract the connect time from latency to get pure latency value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T18:00:10.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13845" CreationDate="2015-07-16T18:01:40.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is a browser pop-up, you'll need to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#moving-between-windows-and-frames&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;switchTo()&lt;/a&gt; that window. Otherwise (modal/light-box) you shouldn't have an issue finding it in the DOM using DevTools' element highlighter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T18:01:40.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13840" CreationDate="2015-07-16T18:05:10.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't what type of programming it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like JavaScript to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T18:05:10.040" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13832" CreationDate="2015-07-16T18:09:27.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This doesn't seem in-line with what JMeter is built to do: create load on a server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you'd be better off doing this sort of thing in Selenium. For manual testing, just use the network tab of DevTools in most modern browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T18:09:27.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13721" CreationDate="2015-07-16T18:18:37.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I imitate press on CheckBox, TextBox becomes visible, however, sendKeys doesn't work all the time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out the official documentation on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;waits&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Another problem - while clicking on tabs of page, some can be pressed and it works, and some while being pressed, Selenium just pretends to put &quot;Mouse&quot; on it and link is being showed in the bottom left corner. Double-press doesn't work either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your DOM might be in a state of flux as you are trying to interact with it. After any action modifies the DOM your next step should wait for the element before interacting with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T18:18:37.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13713" CreationDate="2015-07-16T18:22:58.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried using &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.telerik.com/teststudio/features/recorder/verifications/image-verification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;image comparison&lt;/a&gt; before with Telerik Test Studio. It did the job, but my app at the time changed so much that it was too much effort to update the test with a new image. I am sure there are other tools out there, but I would only go after it if your image will remain fairly static.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T18:22:58.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13832" CreationDate="2015-07-16T18:54:09.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I got your issue correctly then, there is a work around of doing this, you just either need to know/find out which HTTP requests are made for displaying Graph or which requests are made after Login and displaying navigation links in Left. Once this is known, just move those requests (cut-paste) to a different Controller &lt;strong&gt;(you can use Simple Controller for this)&lt;/strong&gt;, and when you execute the script, listener will show you the Response time for the Graph requests (new Controller) separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dtL7q.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is easy to know which requests are made for Displaying graph if Graph section is a separate page which is being displayed after login; for example: if your application under test is like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Login.aspx:&lt;/strong&gt; Login page required for login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Home.aspx:&lt;/strong&gt; Homepage with Left Navigation links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. GraphContainer.aspx:&lt;/strong&gt; page containing graph which is displayed inside Homepage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If structure is like this then it is easy for you to separate the requests and then adding them to separate Controllers in JMeter, even without adding new controller you can tell the response time for the graph requests in this kind of application structure. If not then apply another work around, jot down the request or sequence number of request &lt;strong&gt;(this is a feature in JMeter 2.13 that it displays sequence number before request URL)&lt;/strong&gt; which are send before displaying graph, once that request or sequence number is known, all major requests after that will be related to Graph feature only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This complete work around will work positively, as I too have tried it for couple of performance tests where a same action provide multiple results or I need to separate response time like in your scenario.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T18:54:09.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13849" CreationDate="2015-07-16T21:01:06.390" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; would probably fit the bill. It uses the iOS simulator (comes with XCode) to run Selenium tests. For Android it uses the Android SDK (comes with Android Studio).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-16T21:01:06.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13840" CreationDate="2015-07-17T07:00:48.710" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Out of box JMeter provides the following scripting languages for BSF:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JavaScript via &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/Rhino&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mozilla Rhino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beanshell via &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.beanshell.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beanshell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given &lt;code&gt;var&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/var&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;statement&lt;/a&gt; it looks like JavaScript is being used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, the language needs to be selected in the &quot;Language&quot; dropdown, otherwise BSF PreProcessor will fail with the &quot;unsupported language&quot; exception, take a look there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6BigW.png&quot; alt=&quot;BSF PreProcessor&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general it is recommended to use JSR223 Test Elements (sampler, pre/post processors, assertion, timer) for any JMeter scripting as other languages have known performance problems and can ruin your test in case of more or less severe load. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#jsr223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Elements&lt;/a&gt; section of &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#best_practices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Best Practices&lt;/a&gt; for explanation and &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/beanshell-vs-jsr223-vs-java-jmeter-scripting-its-performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beanshell vs JSR223 vs Java JMeter Scripting: The Performance-Off You've Been Waiting For!&lt;/a&gt; article for details of installation groovy scripting engine into JMeter, groovy scripting best practices and different scripting approaches benchmarks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T07:00:48.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13832" CreationDate="2015-07-17T07:06:08.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like your application is using AJAX request(s) to display the graph. You need to capture the requests somehow and execute along with main GET request to the page. You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Transaction_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Transaction Controller&lt;/a&gt; to measure and record the whole sequence execution time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to AJAX thing itself, JMeter doesn't provide a relevant sampler to exactly simulate browser's behaviour, you will need to implement the logic yourself. Some approaches are listed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-ajaxxhr-enabled-sites-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Load Test AJAX/XHR Enabled Sites With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T07:06:08.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13083" CreationDate="2015-07-17T11:47:00.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quickly written block of code that navigates here and logs in using your code and it works. Your problem likely exists elsewhere in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;        var binary = new FirefoxBinary(@&quot;C:\FirefoxPortable\FirefoxPortable.exe&quot;);&#xA;        var profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;        var driver = new FirefoxDriver(binary, profile);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(@&quot;http://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13083/c-selenium-webdriver-the-path-is-not-of-a-legal-form&quot;);&#xA;        driver.FindElementByCssSelector(&quot;.topbar-menu-links &amp;gt; a:nth-child(2)&quot;).Click();&#xA;        driver.FindElementByCssSelector(&quot;#se-signup-legend &amp;gt; p:nth-child(1) &amp;gt; span:nth-child(2)&quot;).Click();&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Insert email address please&quot;);&#xA;        driver.FindElementByCssSelector(&quot;.form-bottom &amp;gt; div:nth-child(1) &amp;gt; input:nth-child(1)&quot;).SendKeys(Console.ReadLine());&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Insert password please&quot;);&#xA;        driver.FindElementByCssSelector(&quot;.form-bottom &amp;gt; div:nth-child(2) &amp;gt; input:nth-child(1)&quot;).SendKeys(Console.ReadLine());&#xA;        driver.FindElementByCssSelector(&quot;.form-submit &amp;gt; input:nth-child(1)&quot;).Click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T11:47:00.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13849" CreationDate="2015-07-17T12:15:13.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Common UI testing tools (Appium and others) will answer most of your requirements except for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Video starts Playing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is tricky and can be achieved to some degree depending on the level of confidence you require.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simplest solution is using the UI tool to get a few screenshots spaced in time, than compare them to each other (verifying that they are different enough)&#xA;or to the source video.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More complex solutions would capturing the actual video either on the device or externally, for example using a high speed camera or HDMI cable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T12:15:13.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9655" CreationDate="2015-07-17T16:44:36.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest using the ActionChains (Actions in Java) class to do so. I tested the above code in both FF and Chrome and I am able to scroll down using the &lt;code&gt;Keys.PAGE_DOWN&lt;/code&gt; keystroke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.get('http://flipkart.com/')&#xA;&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_link_text('Bath Towels').click()&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait(driver,15).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.ID,&quot;offertags&quot;)))&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    act= ActionChains(driver)&#xA;    act.move_to_element(driver.find_element_by_id('offertags')).click()&#xA;    act.send_keys(Keys.PAGE_DOWN).perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I first used the &lt;code&gt;click( )&lt;/code&gt; method to click on the webelement and then sent the key stroke. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T16:44:36.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6963" CreationDate="2015-07-17T18:13:58.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do something like...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if   |   !selenium.isChecked(&quot;my_checkbox&quot;)&#xA;   waitForElementPresent   |   name=my_checkbox&#xA;   click                   |   name=my_checkbox&#xA;   waitForValue            |   name=my_checkbox   |   on&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code above will check to see if the box is checked.  If not, then it will check the box and verify that it's checked [on].  The only downfall to the method above is I haven't found a way to do this with a checkbox using anything except NAME or ID.  I haven't gotten this to work using XPATH or CSS, which would help in the even that the box doesn't show a change in status [xpath] when you check/uncheck it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12720" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T18:13:58.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13705" CreationDate="2015-07-17T18:32:19.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like you are trying to test Google maps, rather than your own code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there was something wrong with the marker, is there anything you can do about it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would do some manual testing to make sure you are calling the Google API correctly and then leave it at that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there some odd corner cases you are worried about? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T18:32:19.650" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1772" CreationDate="2015-07-17T19:30:06.040" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My two cents, mainly based on one of your points - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tolerance for repetition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is a somewhat negative point..........that I wrote myself!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do repetitive, boring work, then chances are that your job will be automated or you will be replaced by a low-cost resource from an offshore country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;burned out severely with programming last year&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without going into details, how did that happen ? You have 10 years of exp. If you've survived this long, then you can probably survive longer. If I were you, I would not pick a fancy, technically challenging project. I'd pick the routine stuff in development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12722" LastActivityDate="2015-07-17T19:30:06.040" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13785" CreationDate="2015-07-18T11:38:47.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kate is dead-on with her suggestion about the short version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are REALLY pressed for time, these are the steps I take:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to save your team time and pain, and you do that by focusing on potential issues that are going to be much less costly if we catch them sooner rather than later. I usually start by asking myself &quot;what feature(s), if broken will…”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;block me from the majority testing,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be particularly difficult/time-consuming for the developer, or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;require fixes that are potentially wide-reaching and will therefore result in me needing to re-test other scenarios in my test plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The faster I get those bugs back to my developer, the faster he or she can commit a fix. The earlier in the process I do that, the less likely it will be that I’ll need to re-test things that the new commit might have impacted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the most basic happy path surrounding NEW code, for 10 minutes.&lt;/strong&gt; If you aren't able to perform the most basic functions of a new feature, you need to get the code back in the hands of your developer as soon as possible. Chances are, if something is broken here, it could be a longer fix.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test functionality that impacts a large percentage of the code base as a whole.&lt;/strong&gt; This is where we find dependencies that we didn't think could &lt;em&gt;possibly&lt;/em&gt; be impacted by our changes. It’s much better to find these early, because they could indicate a need for deeper code reviews, and also wider regression testing and an adjustment to your test plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the critical functionality, and the most commonly used areas.&lt;/strong&gt; What does your app NEED to be able to do? What do most people use it for? What are the potential blockers that are the only reason some users use your site or app?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test the potential areas of high risk.&lt;/strong&gt; Data loss. Load/Performance issues. This should be part of a conversation you have as a team - what are the biggest risks involved in this sprint? What are the worst-case scenarios? This is also the time where it’s most beneficial to test in a stage environment that replicates production as closely as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then normal regression testing on down to edge cases and thinking of creative ways to break stuff (my favorite part).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on how limited time is, you will have to make tough decisions of what to shorten and cut based on the situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lastly, when you can do documentation that takes a short amount of time now, but will save exponential amounts in the future - DO IT.&lt;/em&gt; Make the time, even if it's not until later after the release goes out. &lt;strong&gt;You will then always be making the most of limited time.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7387" LastActivityDate="2015-07-18T11:38:47.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13869" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-18T13:04:13.063" Score="2" ViewCount="1778" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anybody tell with example what is the meaning of Test Items in test Plan document (as per IEEE 829). Most of the sites just specify only theoretical aspects without mentioning practical examples. I am not sure what is the item that we are not testing. Obviously all the items have to be tested. Also we have separate sections for Features to be tested and not to be tested. Is this not redundant with features to be tested?&#xA;Also if we indicate the list of features not to be tested, why we need to indicate the list f features to be tested? When features are listed in requirement document, obviously all of them have to be tested. But exclusions if any may be listed in Features Not to be Tested I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional Comments dated 23-August&#xA;My question is how Items to be tested is different from features to be tested?Also, requirement document keeps changing.  So SRS and release notes could be input to test team.Features not to be tested could be features that may not be testable or may be tested elsewhere or few features that are not included in the current release as indicated in the release document. Accordingly such exceptions could be specified in Features Not to be tested section. So the point is that features to be tested need not be there in test plan, instead specify only Features not to be tested. Obviously features to be tested = All requirements from the SRS - Features not to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12414" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:55:19.773" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:55:19.773" Title="Test Items in IEEE829" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13871" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13872" CreationDate="2015-07-18T16:33:51.607" Score="2" ViewCount="1385" Body="&lt;p&gt;All who are working in Software Industry know that &lt;strong&gt;Risk Management&lt;/strong&gt; is vital part of the Software Quality too. Even for non-IT industry Risk management is equally important, as the Risk might have high impact on the cost, quality, delivery, people and other areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I read about this topic (as I already searched a lot for this) I am not able to satisfy myself with the information. I have some questions and doubts related to this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some link says that &lt;strong&gt;Risk Management&lt;/strong&gt; should be part of Test Plan and some lays emphasis on it inclusion in Project Plan, I think it is not right to write same risk at two places and tracking them down at two different locations will increase effort. &lt;strong&gt;So, which plan should actually contain Risk Management, or it should be completely a separate document?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multiple times I hear about the term &lt;strong&gt;Risk Mitigation and Risk Contingency plans&lt;/strong&gt;, during Risk Management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What actually Risk Mitigation and Contingency are &lt;em&gt;(few examples will really be helpful for me)&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes, I found that only Mitigation plan is more used and known to persons, but not enough information is there on Contingency plan. Why is that so?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Whose responsibility is to define Mitigation and Contingency plan?&lt;/strong&gt; As in our project anybody goes to the Risk register and write something in it. But there should be some industry level standards on who should define which plan. What are those standards and guidelines?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most of the time, the person defining the Risk also covers the Risk in  the Mitigation plan.  I think this should not be allowed.  Do you agree?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Both Risk Management and Incident Management are same or different?&lt;/strong&gt; If different then what line differentiates between them?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T22:12:17.650" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T22:12:17.650" Title="Risk Management in Software Quality?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;planning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13871" CreationDate="2015-07-18T18:40:51.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to skip answering the parts of the question that do not make sense or are primarily opinion based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;So, which plan should actually contain Risk Management, or it should be completely a separate document?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most software organizations don't do this at all or are not formal about it, so you can probably do whatever you want.  If you think it actually matters, you need to consult someone in your organization, or your customer, or  your contract with your customer, or the standards document that your contract with your customer refers to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;What actually Risk Mitigation and Contingency are (few examples will really be helpful for me)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is subtle.  You have a plan for something -- call it Plan A -- and you are concerned about Something Going Wrong.  You &lt;em&gt;mitigate&lt;/em&gt; a risk by taking measures that will lower the impact if Something Goes Wrong.  A &lt;em&gt;contingency&lt;/em&gt; is a Plan B, an alternative you can use if Something Goes Wrong that makes Plan A impossible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example.  Let's say you are planning for a deployment of a new release this weekend.  This release has some new features that are really complicated, and it's possible some of them might have serious bugs.  A mitigation plan might be to pay the entire development team to be on site this weekend in case something goes wrong.  A contingency plan might be to roll back to the previous release until the bugs can be fixed and tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the distinctions between the plans in the example.  With the mitigation plan, we take measures to make Plan A successful even if something goes wrong.  With the contingency plan, we have a Plan B for when Plan A fails.  Also, the mitigation plan calls for &lt;em&gt;doing something extra&lt;/em&gt; (besides planning) before or during Plan A, whereas the contingency plan does not necessarily call for doing anything extra unless Plan A fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's nothing to prevent you from having a mitigation plan &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; a contingency plan.  The real point, I think, is that there are different ways to plan for risk.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Both Risk Management and Incident Management are same or different? If different then what line differentiates between them?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Risk management is about keeping things working when things go wrong.  Incident management is about investigating why something went wrong and figuring out how to prevent it from happening again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You make a risk management plan before the bad thing happens.    You perform incident management after the bad thing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you are a responsible oil company, and your risk is an oil spill, your risk management plan might be to buy oil spill insurance.  (This would be a mitigation plan to prevent you from going out of business in case you are forced to pay a large sum of money to clean up the damage.)  For the oil company, incident management would mean determining why the oil was spilled and what could be done to prevent another oil spill in the same way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T15:31:16.430" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T15:31:16.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13817" CreationDate="2015-07-19T09:09:31.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Exclude all the external domains which are not related to the web application you're testing. I.e. if it displays map from Bing - remove this sampler, if application plays video from Youtube - remove it as well as you ain't gonna need it. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1903905-excluding-domains-from-the-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Excluding Domains from the Load Test&lt;/a&gt; guide for details on how to filter out unwanted domains.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you open File -&gt; Templates -&gt; Recording in JMeter and look at the HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder configuration, you'll see that some content types are being excluded from recording, e.g. bmp, css, js, gif, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cIcWz.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter PRoxy&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;So if you replicate this configuration - requests to these images will be filtered out.  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually it is not correct to completely remove these requests as real browsers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;download all these &quot;embedded resources&quot; like scripts, styles, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do it &lt;strong&gt;only once&lt;/strong&gt;, on subsequent requests resources are being returned from browser's cache&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &quot;good&quot; configuration would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Excluding images, scripts and styles from recording&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configuring HTTP Request Samplers (better via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt;) to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download Embedded Resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use concurrent pool of 2-4 threads for it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt; to replicate browser's behaviour w.r.t. embedded resources.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T09:09:31.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13871" CreationDate="2015-07-19T14:53:16.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coming to this from the safety critical side of the industry I would say that your Risk Management Plan should start with a Corporate level &lt;strong&gt;Risk Management Policy&lt;/strong&gt; that states how you are going to manage the risk aspects of all of your work, for example how risks are categorized, what documentation, testing policies, etc., must be in place and what type of people can sign off on which types or levels of risk - this will normally site various specifications such as DO-178B.  This document would normally detail the companies policy regarding various &lt;strong&gt;contingencies&lt;/strong&gt; including things like liability insurance to minimize financial exposure, required staff backgrounds and qualifications, sub-contracting policies, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The company would normally be expected to maintain an &lt;strong&gt;Incident Register&lt;/strong&gt; in which any actual, or near, problems with the companies products. This should be reviewed on a regular basis and every time that there is a new major or serious incident and is used to check if any of the policies or procedures need to be reviewed or changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each project would normally then have a &lt;strong&gt;Risk Management Plan&lt;/strong&gt; which specifies &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;for that project&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; what steps are to be taken and possibly specific &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;contingency planning&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for that project and a &lt;strong&gt;Risk Register&lt;/strong&gt; which is used to record any possible risks that are raised at any point and the actions taken to &lt;strong&gt;mitigate&lt;/strong&gt; the specific risks, i.e. to ensure either that they don't occur or that the impact is minimized if they do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Risk Management Plan&lt;/strong&gt; should dictate that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the developers address each risk identified in the &lt;strong&gt;Risk Register&lt;/strong&gt; and how they document the actions that they have taken to mitigate each identified risk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the &lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt; documents how to test to ensure that each risk identified in the Risk Register, &lt;em&gt;possibly other than those that have been rated as very improbably and with minimal impact&lt;/em&gt;, has been successfully addressed by the developer and the documentation needed to record that detail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget that developers, test designers and testers all have a professional &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;duty of care&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to ensure that if there is a risk, that they can reasonably anticipate, &lt;strong&gt;whether it is in the risk register or not&lt;/strong&gt;, that impacts the users, or others, safety they should ensure that it is both added to the risk register and tested against to ensure that it has been &lt;em&gt;successfully&lt;/em&gt; mitigated against, i.e.: Just because you have an insurance policy in case something goes wrong it doesn't mean that you can ignore the possibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different industries and different countries have different standards to ensure that this documentation is all done correctly, for the aviation software industry DO-178C is most commonly used.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just some of the applicable standards:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DO-178C Avionics software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ARP4761 (Safety assessment process)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ARP4754 (System development process)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DO-248B (Final Report for clarification of DO-178B)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DO-254 (similar to DO-178B, but for hardware)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IEC 61508 Functional Safety of Electrical/Electronic/Programmable Electronic Safety-related Systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISO/IEC 12207 (software life cycle process development standard)&#xA;ED-153 (Guidelines for ANS software safety assurance)&#xA;Modified_condition/decision_coverage&#xA;DO-178B Aerospace&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T14:53:16.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13812" CreationDate="2015-07-19T17:48:50.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO investing in a transition to a standardized results storage in a database will pay off big time in the long run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;changes to script output would only require matching changes in the&#xA;method of normalizing the results before storing them in the DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;validating results would become simple comparisons between standard DB field&#xA;values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easy to handle various structure changes in complex testing environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12211" LastActivityDate="2015-07-19T17:48:50.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13877" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-20T01:55:43.190" Score="2" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario:&lt;/strong&gt; We have a PL/SQL task and are interested in its performance with certain configurations of the database. This includes global features of the database along with the addition of hints for the optimizer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; Is it sufficient to run the test once for each configuration to take a measurement (memory used, elapsed time, CPU time etc). Or should more samples be required. If the latter how does one determine the least number is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Addendum&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying to elude to trying to understand how performance of the query changes when one factor changes - e.g number of entries in a particular table. This is so we can gain understanding and prediction of performance for high data loads. Also to try to find if any of these factors does not produce exponential growth in usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One assumes that for each data point the test needs to be fun multiple times - so how many times is required?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12732" LastEditorUserId="12732" LastEditDate="2015-07-22T01:17:47.980" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T08:00:39.403" Title="Performance of a database for a particular task" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-20T06:37:59.563" Score="0" ViewCount="1208" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I select an item &lt;code&gt;Option 3&lt;/code&gt; in drop down as below? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;k-widget k-dropdown k-header form-control required&quot; style=&quot;padding: 0px;&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; role=&quot;listbox&quot; aria-haspopup=&quot;true&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;true&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-owns=&quot;assignee_listbox&quot; aria-disabled=&quot;false&quot; aria-readonly=&quot;false&quot; aria-busy=&quot;false&quot; aria-activedescendant=&quot;assignee_option_selected&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;k-dropdown-wrap k-state-default&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;select id=&quot;assignee&quot; class=&quot;form-control required&quot; style=&quot;padding: 0px; display: none;&quot; name=&quot;assignedUserId&quot; data-role=&quot;dropdownlist&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;28941&quot;&amp;gt;Option 1&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;28938&quot;&amp;gt;Option 2&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;28940&quot;&amp;gt;Option 3&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;28942&quot;&amp;gt;Option 4&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;28943&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot;&amp;gt;Option 5&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;28939&quot;&amp;gt;Option 6&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to select the option 3 on drop-down list, below is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public Page selectAsignee(String asignee){&#xA;        try{&#xA;            WebElement dropdownAsignee = connector.waitForControl(SBConstant.XPATH,dropdownAssignee,3);&#xA;            // My xPath is //select[@id='assignee']&#xA;            Select select = new Select(dropdownAsignee);&#xA;            select.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Option 3&quot;);&#xA;            return this;&#xA;&#xA;        }catch (StaleElementReferenceException s){&#xA;            s.toString();&#xA;        }&#xA;        return this;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's unable to select option 3 although web driver can detect the select with id =&quot;assignee&quot;. &#xA;After run this code, it throws the error like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not&#xA;  currently visible and so may not be interacted with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm hoping someone can point out an error on my part that will make this all better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T09:17:53.110" Title="Selenium Webdriver: How can I avoid the error &quot;ElementNotVisibleException&quot; when trying to select option in dropdown list?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13887" CreationDate="2015-07-20T07:15:00.680" Score="0" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that JSON is another way for data transmission like XML.&#xA;Now there might be some data transmitted with JSON tags (like in xml tags).&#xA;so my questions is why people are using JSON.&#xA;secondly how would we know that the server is returning JSON ...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T11:00:15.957" Title="Why are there JSon processors in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13878" CreationDate="2015-07-20T08:21:34.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Implement Explicit wait , Check below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; WebElement Element = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 30))&#xA;.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(xpathofyourdropdown));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add above code just before your selenium find dropdown. It will wait till dropdown loads with values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T08:21:34.967" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13878" CreationDate="2015-07-20T09:17:53.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19637507/java-webdriver-element-not-visible-exception&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19637507/java-webdriver-element-not-visible-exception&lt;/a&gt; suggest to Click the Select first to open the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The click will do two things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to scroll to the element to get it in the current view port&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the dropdown, now the options are also visible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T09:17:53.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13885" CreationDate="2015-07-20T11:18:31.140" Score="1" ViewCount="17281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt;. I have &lt;code&gt;datepicker&lt;/code&gt; on a web page, and I want to set a date into that control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;code&gt;.SendKeys(&quot;12/31/2015&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;, but it does not select that date on the screen. It shows 31/__/2015 only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how can I set datepicker's value?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: &lt;code&gt;Datepicker&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;AjaxControlToolkit:CalendarExtender&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12698" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2015-07-21T06:05:34.417" LastActivityDate="2016-07-17T09:45:46.783" Title="Set date in datepicker using Selenium WebDriver and C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13812" CreationDate="2015-07-20T11:38:31.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd go with a database or file system equivalent (such as CSV) for a number of reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQL querying is a lot easier to learn, use, and maintain than regex &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Updating your baselines for changes is a matter of a simple update statement or file copy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can control what appears in your baselines and output if you pipe all your output to file/database (or if the application uses a database you just query that to check your results)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You don't need anything more than a text editor to read or write to CSV files. That reduces licensing costs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your baseline data and output data live outside your test code so if you use a compiled language you don't need to rebuild your test code for any baseline changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding a column to a CSV file or a database is trivial. Rewriting a regex is not (unless you're a guru in the things).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T11:38:31.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13884" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13886" CreationDate="2015-07-20T12:04:55.353" Score="1" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please tell me the difference between kanban tool and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mantisbt.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mantis&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bugzilla.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bugzilla&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually I am confused with the working of these tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11666" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T12:26:33.643" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T14:08:35.730" Title="kanban tool and Mantis,Bugzilla" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13882" CreationDate="2015-07-20T12:24:08.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the Datepicker is not your code you don't need to test it's functionality, so what I would do is write a JavaScript snippet that sets it to the required value, then execute that in the browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T12:24:08.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13884" CreationDate="2015-07-20T12:25:53.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both mentioned products are defect trackers, probably with their own style and workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanban_(development)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Kanban&lt;/a&gt; is a visual process management system, both tools have a Kanban plugin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mantis: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cgaspard/mantiskanban&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cgaspard/mantiskanban&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugzilla: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/kanbanzilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mozilla/kanbanzilla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect both products to deliver similar features with respect to defect tracking and planning with the Kanban plugin. If you want to know which one to choose, install both and see if your requirements fit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The difference&lt;/strong&gt;: between a &lt;strong&gt;defect-tracker&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Kanban&lt;/strong&gt; is that one is a tool to manage defects, the other is to manage a process workflow. The development workflow would include fixing defects, but also requirements and maybe other tasks. A defect tracker is a just a list with known defects (and details like how to reproduce) and their state, open, closed, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/agile/kanban&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;A brief introduction to kanban&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T12:31:09.987" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T12:31:09.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13879" CreationDate="2015-07-20T12:33:12.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;JSON is a lightweight format, while XML is a considered a heavy weight format. So, to transmit the same amount data, you'll need fewer bytes in JSON,which may improve the performance if you are sending lots of data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also considered more &quot;human readable&quot; than XML. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for how you know if a server is sending JSON data, it should say so in the mime type in the headers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T12:33:12.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13877" CreationDate="2015-07-20T12:37:52.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would run it a number of times for each configuration and average the results (maybe a dozen times?) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the important thing is to make sure that the system is in the same state before each run, otherwise the database may be, for example, using cached execution plans. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most obvious way to get a somewhat consistent environment would be to restart the database service before each run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T12:37:52.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13869" CreationDate="2015-07-20T13:28:26.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Items were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;•   Version of product (what you are testing at each stage)&#xA;&#xA;•   Design decomposition (relationship of specific modules to test plan, test cases)&#xA;&#xA;•   Limitations of product under test (restrictions, assumptions, caveats, etc.)&#xA;&#xA;•   Other product-level restraints on testing&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T13:28:26.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6911" CreationDate="2015-07-20T14:41:23.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know I am late but I want to share this with the community. I am not sure if you could solve your problem to record a JMeter script, but I want to tell you another way to build a script, because I think is pretty simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my work, we created a simple windows command line which uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; sessions to create JMeter scripts. You can find our program &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/hdlopez/ScriptGenerator/tree/master/Binaries%20.NET%204.5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. You must record your sessions with Fiddler, pretty straightforward. If you want to improve the organization of the future generated script, mark with a comment every step of your session. For instance, let´s say that you are recording a test case consisting in search something in google. Your first step will be open www.google.com and then, the second one will be type your query in the search box and hit &quot;search in google&quot;. To improve the JMeter generation and help the generator to understand your session, select all the request in your Fiddler session corresponding for the first step, and mark them with a comment, for example &quot;step 1&quot;. Then, select all the requests corresponding to your second step and mark them as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally execute the program to create the JMeter script in the following way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Abstracta.ScriptGeneratorCLI_4.5.exe -h myapp.com -p 80 -a home -f C:\scripts\yourFiddlerSession1.saz -f C:\scripts\yourFiddlerSession2.saz -o C:\script\outputFolder\&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The program will create the script and will store it in a file called _AutogeneratedName.jmx located at your output folder (in the example, C:\script\outputFolder).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can type help for more info&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-h, --host=VALUE           (required) host name where your web app is&#xA;                           hosted. Example: https://myapp.com/home, host =&#xA;                           myapp.com&#xA;-p, --port=VALUE           port number where your web app is listening.&#xA;                           Example: https://myapp.com/home, port = 443&#xA;                           This must be an integer. By default the value is&#xA;&#xA;                           80.&#xA;-a, --app=VALUE            relative application name. Example:&#xA;                           https://myapp.com/home, app = home&#xA;-o, --output=VALUE         (required) output path&#xA;&#xA;-f, --fiddlerPath=VALUE    (required) fiddler session path&#xA;  --help                 show this message and exit&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps someone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12496" LastEditorUserId="12496" LastEditDate="2015-07-20T17:25:19.140" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T17:25:19.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12702" CreationDate="2015-07-20T15:25:15.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your class locator isn't working because that element has several different classes; they're separated by spaces in the html. If the best way to identify that element on your screen is by checking all the classes, then you can do with a css selector like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;a.btn.btn-sm.blue']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice the dots between the class names; that is telling webdriver to find an &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; element which has the class &lt;code&gt;btn&lt;/code&gt; and has the class &lt;code&gt;btn-sm&lt;/code&gt; and has the class &lt;code&gt;blue&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4430" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T15:25:15.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13892" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13893" CreationDate="2015-07-20T17:12:08.167" Score="0" ViewCount="245" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a software requirement like &quot;User shall be give a warning if value entered is &gt;100&quot; The requirement does not speak anything about the higher value. So obviously it is an open boundary condition. So how shall we conduct testing with invalid condition? What is the higher value I can consider for testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12414" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T06:32:39.987" Title="Testing open boundary conditions" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13892" CreationDate="2015-07-20T17:33:27.410" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is difference between &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Boundary Testing&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_partitioning&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Equivalence partitioning&lt;/a&gt;. With Equivalence, 101 will suffice. For Boundary, you'll need to know (or best guess) the data type. For example, if it is an INT, you can test a value larger than an INT supports. Normally, in this case the number would 'wrap around' to the negative end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T17:33:27.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10268" CreationDate="2015-07-20T20:19:58.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should try using the &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Stepping Thread Group&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; of JMeter. It is not a default Thread Group of JMeter but you can install the same using JMeter plugins and can use that plugin for creating customized and stepped load for achieving the scenario described by you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also add multiple Stepped Thread Groups for different load pattern in single test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/SteppingThreadGroup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/SteppingThreadGroup/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testingfreak.com/jmeter/stepping-thread-group/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testingfreak.com/jmeter/stepping-thread-group/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T20:19:58.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13892" CreationDate="2015-07-20T23:12:37.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If requirements coverage is your testing goal then any number &gt;100 will do, such as 101. If you wish to be more thorough, then a list of commonly mishandled values such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; can be a useful starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12741" LastActivityDate="2015-07-20T23:12:37.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13132" CreationDate="2015-07-21T02:35:26.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got the same issue when I use Firefox 39 with Selenium 2.45. After that I upgraded to Selenium 2.46 and the issue got resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the problem is the Firefox and Selenium version agreement.&#xA;Note: the default setting will make the Firefox update automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12742" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-21T11:04:32.793" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T11:04:32.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13892" CreationDate="2015-07-21T06:32:39.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the value is a floating point or double type then I would suggest the following list of test values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At &amp;amp; Over Limit: 100, 100.0000000000001 (number of zeros depending on the resolution of your float type at 100) &amp;amp; 101&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under Limit: 99.999999999999 (number of nines depending on the resolution of your float type at 100), 99, 0.0 (&lt;em&gt;always worth checking&lt;/em&gt;), -99, -100, -101&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Special numbers that the developer may have got wrong, e.g.: 256, 32769, 65536, MAXINT+1, MAXLONG+1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bad Floating Point Numbers: +INF, -INF, NAN, SNAN - &lt;em&gt;the question arises what is the code supposed to do in these cases&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T06:32:39.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13899" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13926" CreationDate="2015-07-21T07:02:07.833" Score="2" ViewCount="4021" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario to do load test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex : Each user has to request to 10 urls in the application.This scenario has to be done for 500 or more users . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I am trying with 20 users it's giving a &quot;500-Internal server error&quot;. Up to 15 users it's serving properly . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where it is went wrong? From server side or coding side?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also I want to know what would be the server configuration for serving more than 500 requests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T15:19:34.973" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T15:19:34.973" Title="server configuration to serve 500 requests in jmeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13527" CreationDate="2015-07-21T08:08:57.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I managed to achieve this, but it is a bit complicated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't automate the OS specific download dialog, if you could that would be a huge security hole. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I did was to get the computer running the selenium test to pretend to be the client (I was using a selenium grid) and download the file and then check the contents. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To pretend to be the client I had to :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;on the server, make a copy of the &quot;http only&quot; cookies and send them as part of the page with the download button (pre-pending with 'download-test' to give them a unique name) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;then use selenium to extract these values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;craft a request for the download url, adding the extracted cookies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check the contents of the downloaded file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it's not a complete real world test, but it's pretty close. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="609" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T08:08:57.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13899" CreationDate="2015-07-21T09:15:35.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good you found a bottleneck, now as with all automated test failures you can question, is it the test, the code or the infrastructure. We cannot answer your situation for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would advice to have a developer and a server-admin nearby when performing load tests. The server-admin should monitor and configure the infrastructure and when the infrastructure is not the issue then consult the developer to see if its a test or code issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case you need to research why you are getting 500 errors, check server logs, application logs, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible other load-test issues you could run into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Max number of connections on the test computer, but also on the server-side&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firewall blocking with denial of service protection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember what your goal is. My personal load testing goal is often to find bottle-necks in the full-stack, from client, to application, to database and back. Which part of the stack handle the least am-mount of connection/data, what area needs focus of performance improvement. Other-wise it could be to guarantee being able to handle X number of users over a given time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T09:15:35.373" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13879" CreationDate="2015-07-21T11:00:15.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can figure out that your server returns JSON by i.e. looking into &quot;Content-Type&quot; HTTP Response Header, if it contains &lt;code&gt;application/json&lt;/code&gt; - the server is talking JSON. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FFNwk.png&quot; alt=&quot;JSON Content Type&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to JMeter and JSON - in 99% of cases it would be REST API load testing, to learn how it could be done using JMeter - check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing SOAP/REST Web Services Using JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T11:00:15.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13877" CreationDate="2015-07-21T11:06:07.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; which is capable of producing severe load using JDBC protocol. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to test your database:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/jdbc/index-091264.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Oracle JDBC Driver&lt;/a&gt; for your Oracle installation and drop it to lib folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Connection_Configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JDBC Connection Configuration&lt;/a&gt; test element and specify Oracle connection details (driver class name, JDBC url, credentials)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JDBC Request Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and put your query there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat step 3 for all queries you're interested in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#listeners&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Listener&lt;/a&gt; to visualize results. I.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Aggregate_Report&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aggregate Report&lt;/a&gt; should be fine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure virtual users and loops count&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run test for each configuration and compare results. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/secret-building-database-test-plan-with-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Real Secret to Building a Database Test Plan With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more detailed explanations and instructions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T11:06:07.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13906" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-21T11:55:17.333" Score="1" ViewCount="532" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an application where trial credentials expires after a week and if user tries to login after that, they see only few things enabled.This is one of the example. Similarly, verifying expiry of premium and gold membership.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the solution which probably most of you will suggest is updating the timestamp in DB. Can someone suggest me something other than this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12750" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T16:52:29.207" Title="How can I automate a test scenario of account expiry or account at different time transition?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13906" CreationDate="2015-07-21T12:13:46.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can pass the &quot;now&quot; time into the function which verifies the expiry (and obviously also the function which creates the credentials). The test function calls it with a hard-coded time, and the production function calls it with the actual current time. For example (untested):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def credentials_valid(credentials, now):&#xA;    return credentials.expiry &amp;gt; now&#xA;&#xA;def test_should_return_false_for_expired_credentials(self):&#xA;    now = datetime(year=2000, month=1, date=1)&#xA;    future = now + timedelta(second=1)&#xA;    credentials = create_credentials(now)&#xA;    self.assertFalse(credentials_valid(credentials, now))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastEditorUserId="951" LastEditDate="2015-07-21T12:19:06.017" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T12:19:06.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13906" CreationDate="2015-07-21T12:16:23.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are running the tests in a VM, with an offline snapshot of the DB also in a VM, there is no reason not to advance the VM system date/time as necessary. You could even do the same without a VM but with standalone isolated hardware and the actual system date/time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has the advantage of mimicking the real world situation better than modifying backwards the users account creation date/time as the database would be unmodified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on your test scripting environment and your OS your test scripts should be able to issue a system time command to set the time - as pointed out in the comments if the DB polls the time periodically you should allow long enough for the system to conduct a poll before continuing, &lt;em&gt;usually at least 1.5 times the poll rate&lt;/em&gt; unless the system API has a time refresh call available, even then you should allow a little time to pass after issuing the refresh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastEditorUserId="5641" LastEditDate="2015-07-21T13:57:53.137" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T13:57:53.137" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13909" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13910" CreationDate="2015-07-21T12:38:42.053" Score="1" ViewCount="15650" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to check if title = google&#xA;if yes then hit yahoo.com&#xA;else do nothing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;could anyone please help with this. I am new to Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T08:00:59.537" Title="How to use the If controller in the Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13909" CreationDate="2015-07-21T12:46:28.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First use the xpath extractor and extract the string from title&#xA;the xpath would be &lt;strong&gt;//title&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Give the reference name say &quot;t&quot;&#xA;and default as &quot;Not Found&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Next&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;use in the if controller give condition as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;${t}&quot; == &quot;Google&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;add a sampler in it which hits yahoo.com.(Make sure you use https in protocol inside sampler)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add a &lt;strong&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/strong&gt; in the Thread Group&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run the plan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You should get 2 HTTP Requests made&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;now make the condition in IF as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;${t}&quot; == &quot;Facebook&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Run the plan&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;You will get only 1 HTTP Requests made&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Because the If condition failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T12:46:28.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13909" CreationDate="2015-07-21T13:10:27.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The jMeter &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverSampler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web Driver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; plugin describes a situation like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WDS.browser.get('http://google.com')&#xA;if(WDS.browser.getTitle() == 'Google') { &#xA;  WDS.browser.get('http://yahoo.com') &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T13:10:27.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13906" CreationDate="2015-07-21T14:42:39.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am going to coin this &lt;strong&gt;user246's First Law of Testing: everyone who tests software will eventually need to test something with a deadline&lt;/strong&gt;.  (I'm sure several hundred thousand other testers have coined the same law.)  Although the specifics vary from one problem to the next, there are two essential solutions: either change the clock or change the deadline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Changing the clock&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most obvious way to change the clock is to literally change the operating system's definition of the current time.  This is risky because there are probably other systems running on the same machine that will behave incorrectly if you change the system time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The risk is lower if you run your software inside of a disposable virtual machine, i.e. a VM that you plan to destroy when the test is over.  However, some VMs (e.g the Xen hypervisors in Amazon EC2) synchronize the VM clock with the host's clock no matter what you do, so this option may not be available to you.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, unless you are testing an operating system, changing the operating system's time is just a way to change an application's definition of time.  Sometimes a developer will have the foresight to provide a way to override the application's definition of time.  Using this feature probably requires that the tester be able to restart the application.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Changing the deadline&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't change the clock, you  may be able to change the deadline.  Sometimes a developer has the foresight to provide a way to override deadlines.  There may be a way to override the deadline when it is calculated; for example, if the trial membership is supposed to last 7 days, there may be a way to force the trial membership to last 5 minutes instead.  If you can't override the deadline before it is calculated, there may be a way to change the deadline after it is calculated via a database query or a special web form or whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your developers may know of a way to do this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the techniques for testing a deadline require special testability features.  These features are not  necessarily easy to write, and you won't get them by default.  If it's hard for you to test deadlines, it may be worth asking your developers for help or advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T16:52:29.207" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T16:52:29.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13906" CreationDate="2015-07-21T15:52:24.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have several choices, although none are perfect. In the order I prefer to use them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Database/data manipulation&lt;/strong&gt; - unless you have a ridiculously complex data structure (been there) or no access to the database in question (been there, too), this is the simplest, safest way to manipulate expiry/deadlines.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setup/configuration manipulation&lt;/strong&gt; - configure your membership types to expire within some short timeframe. A sequence I've used for manual testing is to create the data on day 1, using a set up that will expire within 24 hours of creation. On day 2, I can test expiry.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mocking tools&lt;/strong&gt; - a mocking tool such as Microsoft shims that will intercept any calls to &lt;code&gt;now()&lt;/code&gt; and return the date of your choosing can be used if you have the programming skill to integrate these into your automation (not every automator does, particularly if their primary experience is through record/playback tools).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Application API hooks&lt;/strong&gt; - this method usually requires the assistance of the developers, and may not be available. In addition, if the hooks are only present in a special build, you won't be testing against the same code used by your customers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modifying system time&lt;/strong&gt; - This has a number of problems because most operating systems check against a canonical time source and will either force the system time to the canonical value or fail to run, fail to communicate, and sometimes simply fail when the system time is too far out of sync with the canonical time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modifying system time zone&lt;/strong&gt; - this method can work if your application uses an unsophisticated method of checking time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T15:52:24.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13877" CreationDate="2015-07-21T19:56:43.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever we think about the performance aspect of the Application/ Database/ feature or whatever. Never go for single results set or single iteration. You need to collect enough data for the statistical analysis of the result for reaching to an answer that your subject under test is performing Good or Bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is simple fundamental of Statistics that &lt;strong&gt;&quot;More data you have more precise/accurate your result will be&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; i.e. you will be more near to the correct result &lt;strong&gt;(with limit --&gt; 0)&lt;/strong&gt;. Hence you need to collect data for multiple samplers. You can again relate this with the results provided by JMeter i.e. &lt;strong&gt;90%&lt;/strong&gt; line (for example), if you have only 1 sample then your &lt;strong&gt;Average, Min., Max. and 90%&lt;/strong&gt; will be same and when you have more data all values will be different and same will happen with your Std. Deviation too and you will be plot a good graph for analysis and reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, answer to your question &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it sufficient to run the test once for each configuration to take a&#xA;  measurement (memory used, elapsed time, CPU time etc). Or should more&#xA;  samples be required&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;is YES, you should have more samples.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These more samples you can generate using the JDBC sampler of Apache JMeter, for this either you can run your script for Single user but for Multiple Rounds (if you don't want to put concurrent user load on your scenario) Or you can run multiple threads at once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Collect data for 400-500 samplers and that too multiple times like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your script for single user (i.e. No of Threads = 1, but number of rounds = 500)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run this above mentioned scenario multiple times a day e.g. once in morning, then in afternoon, 3rd one in evening.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For more precision, you can repeat steps 1 and 2, for multiple days (3-4 days) and then compare &amp;amp; average out the results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try tuning the Database between your various rounds of execution to see if that tuning and optimizing is helping you in +ve direction (that's how performance testing and performance tuning goes hand-in-hand), but never go with single sample or single round results only always have mutiple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-21T19:56:43.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13917" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-21T21:55:03.317" Score="9" ViewCount="332" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company opens a new subsidiary and my task is to establish the complete QA (QA, not testing) from scratch. For Quality control (testing, reviews, audits etc.) I intend to adopt TMMi Maturity Level 2 with some changes. But for QA, I am not really sure - as QA deals with process conformance and improvement, I have no idea where to start. The standard IEE 730 does not really help as it is for projects and I need to set up organizational high level QA.&#xA;I would be extremely grateful for some guidance, reference etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12759" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T11:58:42.093" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T11:58:42.093" Title="Establishing QA in a new company - models/guidelines to follow?" Tags="&lt;standards&gt;&lt;management&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13539" CreationDate="2015-07-22T02:48:26.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For automatically testing an API in a CI/CD scenario, try &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.runscope.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Runscope&lt;/a&gt;. It integrates with several build/deploy tools, including Jenkins (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.runscope.com/docs/api-testing/integrations#jenkins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;see Jenkins integration instructions here&lt;/a&gt;). In fact, I just put out a Jenkins plugin for Runscope that makes it super simple -- API tests are just build steps. You'll find GitHub link to plugin on second link above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can run tests against endpoints in the cloud, in a private staging environment (VPC, behind firewall, etc.) or even on your localhost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Runscope is an API testing and monitoring solution. You can build simple multi-step tests in minutes without any coding required; however, you're also able to code assertions using JavaScript (Chai assertion library). To execute a test, you can trigger it remotely with an HTTP call, or if you're monitoring production, you can use those same tests which execute on a scheduled interval (as often as once per minute).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I work at Runscope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12244" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T02:48:26.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13919" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-22T05:15:48.297" Score="4" ViewCount="24511" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a video consultation application where I need three separate windows to remain open simultaneously for a test case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using keyword driven framework using java with selenium and following code to open up new instances of chrome every time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void OPEN_BROWSER(String object,String data){     &#xA;    Log.info(&quot;OPENS NEW BROWSER&quot;);&#xA;    try{                &#xA;            System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,     &quot;C:/chromedriver.exe&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;            ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;&#xA;            options.addArguments(&quot;use-fake-device-for-media-stream&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            options.addArguments(&quot;use-fake-ui-for-media-stream&quot;);&#xA;            DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();&#xA;            capabilities.setCapability(&quot;chrome.binary&quot;,&quot;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chrome.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);&#xA;&#xA;            driver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&#xA;             Log.info(&quot;Chrome browser started&quot;);&#xA;             System.out.println(&quot;Chrome browser started&quot;);&#xA;        }catch (Exception e){&#xA;        Log.info(&quot;Not able to open the Browser --- &quot; + e.getMessage());&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Not able to open the Browser --- &quot; + e.getMessage());&#xA;        DriverScript.bResult = false;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;public static void GOTO_URL(String object, String data){&#xA;    try{&#xA;        Log.info(&quot;Navigating to URL&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.get(data);&#xA;        //driver.navigate().to(data);&#xA;        Log.info(&quot;Chrome browser started&quot;);&#xA;    }catch(Exception e){&#xA;        Log.info(&quot;Not able to navigate --- &quot; + e.getMessage());&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Not able to navigate --- &quot; + e.getMessage());&#xA;        DriverScript.bResult = false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is every time I am trying to call GOTO_URL function, since a new webdriver is launched from OPEN_BROWSER function , it takes more than 5 minutes to load a URL and even more in some cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be really appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12760" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T16:19:36.007" Title="Selenium webdriver for chrome too slow" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13877" CreationDate="2015-07-22T06:42:24.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are multiple contributing factors affecting query execution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Isolation levels (This decide concurrency / deadlocks when same data access by multiple sessions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Indexes (This will decide execution plan seek / scan which will effect query execution time / performance)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to look at execution plan of the complete proc. You need to look at top contributing factors (IO / CPU / Order / Sort / Temp Tables)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step #3 you can arrive at basic data set. With large (product similar) data set you can arrive at Step #3 and Step #2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For understanding Isolation levels and impact on concurrent access, you need to run all processes which would simulate concurrent data access. There are define DB Counters and execution plan details which can fetch required details&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T06:42:24.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13921" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-22T06:46:30.963" Score="1" ViewCount="4272" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is simple snippet of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(className = &quot;element-to-press&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement elementToPress;&#xA;&#xA;// some other code&#xA;&#xA;Keys move = Keys.ARROW_DOWN;&#xA;gridContainer.sendKeys(move);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Firefox&lt;/strong&gt; everything works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Chrome&lt;/strong&gt; I've got &lt;code&gt;&quot;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: cannot focus element&quot;&lt;/code&gt; error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Safari&lt;/strong&gt; does not react for &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I've tried to use another approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Keys move = Keys.ARROW_DOWN;&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;actions.moveToElement(element).click(); // to focus on element&#xA;actions.sendKeys(move).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code fixed &lt;strong&gt;Chrome's&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;&quot;cannot focus element&quot;&lt;/code&gt; error, but browser still does not react for &lt;code&gt;Keys.ARROW_DOWN/Keys.ARROW_UP/Keys.ARROW_LEFT/Keys.ARROW_RIGHT&lt;/code&gt; events &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Safari and Firefox do not react for &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot understand what is going on and how I can make my code run for all this browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Environment&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;OS X 10.9.5&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Latest version of Chrome/Safari/Firefox&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium version 2.44.0&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPD&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/users/3122133/madhan&quot;&gt;Madhan&lt;/a&gt; has found an universal solution &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31547459/selenium-sendkeys-different-behaviour-for-chrome-firefox-and-safari/31559637#31559637&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12584" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T14:37:26.890" Title="Selenium sendKeys() different behaviour for Chrome, Firefox and Safari" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-01-26T18:55:18.507" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10136" CreationDate="2015-07-22T09:11:17.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bit late but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;just create a new test plans - add test steps and save/check-in.&#xA;Then in the tree-view right click the created testplan and click on 'Mark as Template Test'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now when you create a new testplan or modify an existing one, you can right-click on a test step and select 'Call to test'. Then select the template test u created before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helps to share test steps with multiple tests easily and maintain them at one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12765" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T09:11:17.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13923" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-22T10:41:07.583" Score="2" ViewCount="42754" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to &lt;strong&gt;automated testing&lt;/strong&gt; with Selenium Web Driver I am not able to work out how to test drop down lists without using the select command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using &lt;strong&gt;xpath&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;select by id&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;class name&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;css selector&lt;/strong&gt;, but the drop down list does not open or select the child item in the list. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide me with code samples for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;html body.modal-open.page-overflow div.modal-scrollable div#responsive.modal.hide.fade.modal-overflow.in div#update_data1.modal-body form#finv div#rootwizard3 div.tab-content div#tab1.tab-pane.no_padding.active div.form_row div.field div#dn_chzn.chzn-container.chzn-container-single a.chzn-single span&quot;)).submit();&#xA;            Select drpname = new  Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[4]/div/div[2]/form/div/div[3]/div[1]/div/div/div/a&quot;)));&#xA;            driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[4]/div/div[2]/form/div/div[3]/div[1]/div/div/div/a/span=1001 (2015-04-29 10:49:11)&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    drpname.getOptions();&#xA;    drpname.getFirstSelectedOption();&#xA;    drpname.selectByIndex(1);&#xA;    drpname.selectByVisibleText(&quot;1000 (2015-04-29 10:47:45)&quot;);&#xA;    drpname.selectByValue(&quot;1000 (2015-04-29 10:47:45)&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML I am trying to test is here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yjoe2.png&quot; alt=&quot;http://i.stack.imgur.com/yjoe2.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12766" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-24T05:48:59.640" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T06:28:00.893" Title="Selenium WebDriver Drop Down List Testing With Div tag in java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-09-13T13:56:03.150" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13923" CreationDate="2015-07-22T12:02:43.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the issue here because your &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; has &lt;code&gt;style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. In this case, I think you should click on the div first and try to Select option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below is my code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement divClick = driver.findElement(&quot;//div[@class='form_row']/div&quot;);&#xA;divClick.click();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement dropdown = driver.findElement(&quot;//select[@id='dn']&quot;);&#xA;Select select = new Select(dropdown);&#xA;select.selectByVisibleText(&quot;your text here&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try it first. Hope it helps for you. If there's any error, please let me know. &#xA;When trying to find element, try using the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;dynamicElement = (new WebDriverWait(driver, second))&#xA;                 .until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;your css here&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T19:34:43.400" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T19:34:43.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13925" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13929" CreationDate="2015-07-22T13:59:38.027" Score="2" ViewCount="3728" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use Robot Framework to run our tests and we do use the Run command to execute some Powershell scripts to perform some external tasks.  This works when we set up the command line parameters in one variable but I'd like to be able to set up the parameters when I execute.  Is there a way to configure the run command with extra variables that can be passed to a script?  Ideally I'd like to be able to do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;run powershell.exe myScript.ps1 -var1 variable1 -var2 variable2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course the format will be set as per the Robot framework structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T14:55:33.087" Title="Can you run Powershell scripts with command line parameters in Robot?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;powershell&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13899" CreationDate="2015-07-22T18:43:35.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can capture the server utilization by yourself too either use the Jmeter plugin &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/StandardSet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/StandardSet/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this will provide you the &lt;strong&gt;CPU, Memory, Network I/O etc. utilization&lt;/strong&gt; of the server and then you can check whether any of these things are creating bottleneck for you. may be you will find that on increasing the number of users from 15 to 20, CPU usage goes beyond 90% which is too high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For resource utilization if you don't want to use the plugin then you can use the '&lt;strong&gt;Perfmon&lt;/strong&gt;' inbuilt tool of windows (but only if you have Windows based server).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another is to verify which URL out of the 10 under test is creating a bottleneck i.e. 500 error is being reported by which URL and then your probability of finding URL for debugging will increase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also contact the Developer or IT-Admin team to ask, if the server is blocking more than 15 requests from the same IP, may be your application does not allow this thing, so for load testing you need to get this thing turned-off from the Load Test server &lt;em&gt;(we sometimes have to do such tweaking for load testing)&lt;/em&gt;, as some application and some times IT team deliberately apply this kind of setting to block multiple requests from single IP, just to keep network traffic in control and prevent unwanted requests hitting servers for security reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more way of debugging is increase your load in stepped way i.e. try running your script for &lt;strong&gt;1, 5, 7, 10, 15, 17, 20&lt;/strong&gt; users load and see the &lt;strong&gt;Throughput&lt;/strong&gt; graph of your results, &lt;strong&gt;if it shows a parabolic path or you may observe that every time your Throughput increases up to 15 users but for 17 and 20 users it goes on decreasing then&lt;/strong&gt;, you hit the &lt;strong&gt;break point&lt;/strong&gt; and your server is not capable of handling more than 15 requests. In that case try upgrading the hardware e.g. add some Memory or an extra core for handling more users and then again execute your script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T18:43:35.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10253" CreationDate="2015-07-22T18:52:24.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the 'For' and 'While' loop statements, try the Boundary Value Analysis (BVA) and Equivalence partitioning testing approaches. By using these approaches you will be able to create cases for the pending part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-boundary-value-analysis-in-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-boundary-value-analysis-in-software-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/what-is-boundary-value-analysis-and-equivalence-partitioning/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/what-is-boundary-value-analysis-and-equivalence-partitioning/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-22T18:52:24.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13925" CreationDate="2015-07-23T05:19:54.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to use something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;KEYWORDS = &quot;powershell.exe %s %s %s&quot; % (Var1, Var2, Var3)&#xA;Run Keywords @{KEYWORDS} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the help pages &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/libraries/BuiltIn.html#Run%20Keywords&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also use the python extensions to generate and execute the command(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastEditorUserId="5641" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T05:57:33.033" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T05:57:33.033" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13909" CreationDate="2015-07-23T08:00:59.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the request which hits Google and configure it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reference Name: anything meaningful, i.e. &lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regular Expression: &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;title&amp;gt;(.+?)&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Template: &lt;code&gt;$1$&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;other fields may be left as they are&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#If_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;If Controller&lt;/a&gt; at the same level as request hitting Google lives and use the following expression &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;${title}&quot;==&quot;Google&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using XPath Extractor is not very recommended as it builds entire DOM tree in memory for locating a single word, it is not very efficient and may cause performance overhead or even out of memory errors in case of immense loads. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So use Regular Expression Extractor where possible and consider XPath or CSS extractors only if you have to deal with complex multiline DOM which may change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other recommendations on JMeter usage and fine tuning see &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-performance-and-tuning-tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Performance and Tuning Tips&lt;/a&gt; guide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T08:00:59.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13899" CreationDate="2015-07-23T08:21:19.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are few potential problems along with possible workarounds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're hitting hardware limits, i.e. server doesn't have enough CPU, RAM, Network or Disk IO to handle 20 users. It may be tested via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PerfMon&lt;/a&gt; plugin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Errors are caused by network connection between JMeter and Application Under Test issues. Check &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-analyze-results-load-test-using-blazemeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Connect and Latency&lt;/a&gt; metrics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If points 1 and 2 are fine, it may be something wrong with underlying software (HTTP/Application server, database, proxy, etc.) Usually default installation isn't suitable for high loads to it needs to be tweaked. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And finally it may be a problem with your application code. In that case look into the logs and use profiler tool to see what happens under the load and where the bottleneck is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T08:21:19.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13933" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-07-23T09:22:07.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a special tag that is designed to be used only by the system for questions that have had all of their other tags removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All questions in the system must have at least one tag. Normally, it is not possible to submit new or edited questions that do not have tags; the system will reject the submission until a valid tag is applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few unusual situations that can cause this tag to be applied. When a tag has existed for six months and only been used on one question, and no tag wiki has been created for the tag, the system deletes the tag. When the community decides that a given tag can never be appropriate &amp;#8212; for example, because it is misspelled or is off-topic &amp;#8212; moderators may remove the tag from the site &lt;em&gt;en masse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When one of these deletions removes the last tag from a question, the system adds the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/untagged&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;untagged&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;untagged&lt;/a&gt; tag to that question so that the &quot;all questions must have at least one tag&quot; rule is not broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can help clean up some of these questions! If they're good questions, edit them to remove the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/untagged&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;untagged&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;untagged&lt;/a&gt; tag and add more descriptive tags. If they're not so good, use the usual tools: downvoting, flagging and voting to close/delete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11374" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T15:16:40.133" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T15:16:40.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13934" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-07-23T09:22:07.620" Score="0" Body="This is a special tag that is designed to be used only by the system for questions that have had all of their other tags removed. Do not add this tag to existing questions, it is reserved for use by the system to identify posts with no valid tags." OwnerUserId="11374" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T19:05:33.063" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T19:05:33.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13939" CreationDate="2015-07-23T10:29:51.597" Score="3" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking into testing a translation of a website into Hebrew.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would there be any common bug/issues that may occur on this language that I should keep an eye out for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12782" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T14:51:15.657" Title="Common localization bugs with Hebrew" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13936" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-23T10:36:12.420" Score="0" ViewCount="479" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing a new mobile application we were tasked to analyse performance.&#xA;We already did some load testing at the backend. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, now we would like to see which API calls take the longest to process on our actual device. Are there any tools that allows us to analyse this? &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I checked out APM such as NewRelic and Crittercism which would be a great fit for our process. The thing is, we only want to use this in our QA environment.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Basically is there anything like NewRelic for only a couple different users?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: This is a native application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12785" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T04:08:54.163" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T14:27:48.130" Title="Measure resource intensive actions in a mobile application" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13713" CreationDate="2015-07-23T12:32:29.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE does not provide a way to compare images.  You can retrieve pixels from an image in Javascript, but only if the image is in a Canvas element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect you can find a command-line program that checks whether two images are identical.  (It might be as simple as a byte-by-byte comparison of two files.)  Some tools are more sophisticated; see for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://yahoo.github.io/blink-diff/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T22:52:27.857" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T22:52:27.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13938" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-23T13:17:47.587" Score="2" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KPehW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KPehW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Why I am getting 'jira (Interface: soap) Bug id' if I am integrating with REST?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am integrating with REST then I should get the message as 'jira (Interface: rest) Bug id'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using below codes for Integration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;JIRA LOGIN NAME&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JIRA PASSWORD&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;https//testlink.alssian.net&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testlink.atlassian.net/rest/api/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://testlink.atlassian.net/rest/api/latest/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;JIRA PROJECT KEY&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JIRA ISSUE TYPE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12787" LastEditorUserId="12787" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T11:50:34.607" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T11:50:34.607" Title="Why I am getting 'jira (Interface: soap) Bug id' if I am integrating with REST" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2017-09-12T15:30:36.703" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13935" CreationDate="2015-07-23T14:51:15.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hebrew is right-aligned and can cause trouble especially when mixed with left-aligned languages. There are a few tips &lt;a href=&quot;http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/web/tips/align.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T14:51:15.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13940" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-07-23T14:56:41.743" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T14:56:41.743" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T14:56:41.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13941" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-07-23T14:56:41.743" Score="0" Body="Development framework created by Microsoft." OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T15:17:51.277" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T15:17:51.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13942" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13944" CreationDate="2015-07-23T15:09:56.980" Score="1" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for an application like selenium but for mobile devices such as android/IOS would anyone have any applications that would suit this description? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12782" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T11:41:47.980" Title="Automated testing for mobile applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13943" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-23T15:13:50.353" Score="2" ViewCount="763" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a small confusion about decision table testing. We basically use decision tables to arrive at various possible combinations and then decide what conditions need to be tested and what need not be tested. But how decision table will help in checking invalid conditions? How do we decide how many invalid conditions have to be tested?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume I have below decision table. The requirement says if Blower State is OFF, AC request state shall be OFF and Air Condition state shall be OFF. Ambient temperature condition in this case is don't care. So obviously I need not test with more than one set of data when blower state is OFF. That is why I have considered only one case for blower state OFF condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly if AC User Request State is OFF, temperature condition is don't care. So I have put only one case with AC user request OFF. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So totally I arrived at 4 test cases instead of 8 test cases, considering all combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my question is: To check the robustness of the system, don't we need to keep the blower in OFF state and (Ambient temperature &gt; user request temperature) and test that Air conditioning system is OFF? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly don't we need to keep the ambient temperature &gt; user request temperature and test for air conditioning system when AC User request is OFF?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be several other negative testing scenario like this. How do we select negative test scenario also using decision table?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;x in below table indicates don't care condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AASd4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AASd4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12414" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T11:41:52.150" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T12:50:28.597" Title="Testing for invalid conditions using decision table technique" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13942" CreationDate="2015-07-23T15:55:12.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you looked at Appium? I haven't used it but I think it's pretty much selenium for native app testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://appium.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T15:55:12.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13942" CreationDate="2015-07-23T16:07:01.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, if you are looking for tool similar to Selenium for mobile application testing, then you should go for &lt;strong&gt;'Selendroid'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer   &lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selendroid.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selendroid&lt;/strong&gt; is a test automation framework fully compatible with Selenium, that's why it is called as 'Selenium for Android'. It can be used on emulators and real devices and can be integrated as a node into the Selenium Grid for scaling and parallel testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use the same for iOS mobile application testing with its iOS driver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ios-driver.github.io/ios-driver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ios-driver.github.io/ios-driver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in paid tools then you can also try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Complete    &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/mobile-module/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/mobile-module/overview/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Studio &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/teststudio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/teststudio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ExperiTest (supports even Blackberry and Windows)     &lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://experitest.com/automation/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Saucelabs   &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T17:35:40.520" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T17:35:40.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13946" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14000" CreationDate="2015-07-23T16:30:51.323" Score="0" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating a report for my manager to help track what stage in the testing process her testers are in.  We currently use VS 2012 for the development and MTM for test writing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried creating a Query-based Test Suite in MTM that displays all tasks for certain testers/projects with no linked Test Cases.  I can't figure out how to output these results.  I can display all the tasks assigned to tester but can't marry the requirement of no test associated to backlog item. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds somewhat straightforward.  Can anyone help? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12737" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T13:25:27.387" Title="Visual Studio 2012 or MTM for Administrative reports?" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13946" CreationDate="2015-07-23T16:34:25.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest method is to use the TFS Web Portal reports section and create a new report there using the SSRS report builder. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can create a TFS query that gives you the information and connect to your TFS project with Excel, then link to that query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way will get you that data you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T16:34:25.557" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13948" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-07-23T18:57:53.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Management of test plans from test cases to requirements. It integrates with Visual Studio and Team Foundation Server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/features/testing-tools-vs.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/features/testing-tools-vs.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T19:43:34.860" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T19:43:34.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13949" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-07-23T18:57:53.820" Score="0" Body="Microsoft Test Manager" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T19:43:25.447" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T19:43:25.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13950" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13955" CreationDate="2015-07-23T19:52:38.353" Score="3" ViewCount="3088" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently learning page object model (POM) and I am trying to access a specific web element using @FindBy but I am not sure how to correctly write the syntax for my element into @FindBy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;a[dta-qid='inventory']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is how do I place &lt;code&gt;a[da-qid='inventory']&lt;/code&gt; correctly into @FindBy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By, &lt;code&gt;a[da-qid='inventory']&lt;/code&gt;, what I mean is that it selects every &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element whose &lt;code&gt;da-qid&lt;/code&gt; value begins with &lt;code&gt;'inventory'&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="12793" LastEditDate="2015-07-23T20:03:11.873" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T18:29:41.900" Title="Page Factory @FindBy" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13942" CreationDate="2015-07-23T19:55:44.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I up-voted GKS1's answer because I have used Appium and it's great, once you get it setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will also recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/teststudio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Telerik Test Studio&lt;/a&gt; if you have the funding. It currently only supports iOS but Andorid is coming soon. A major benefit is that it uses physical machines rather than the XCode iOS Simulator. I have found minor differences in emulated devices compared to physical ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T19:55:44.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13950" CreationDate="2015-07-23T19:58:50.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't give you an exact answer without seeing the full element, but the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#locating-ui-elements-webelements&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official documentation&lt;/a&gt; on selectors ought to help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T19:58:50.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13936" CreationDate="2015-07-23T20:03:21.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If all you are interested in is how long an API call takes, just use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PostMan&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to view how long it takes on your physical devices than you can use an &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools/docs/remote-debugging&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Android phone with Chrome&lt;/a&gt; and a &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/safari/tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iOS device with Safari&lt;/a&gt;. Once setup, you can use the Network inspector tab of DevTools to monitor your requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T20:03:21.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13950" CreationDate="2015-07-23T20:26:58.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(css=&quot;a[dta-qid='inventory']&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used that kind of locators in my last project and it's worked like charm. I hope this is that You want :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2015-07-23T20:26:58.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13956" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13969" CreationDate="2015-07-23T22:24:10.547" Score="0" ViewCount="1080" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using the HTTP(s) recording controller in Jmeter for some time particularly for performance testing. Now I am exploring something really cool. I don't know if its feasible and need your suggestions/inputs on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I plan to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Android/IOS App hybrid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recording custom requests only from Jmeter ( my App makes tons of request to fetch data from different sources). I am looking to record only request which start with &quot;Ads.abc.abc&quot; ( this request has 100 custom parameters that are build within the App) and then for the captured request, have assertion on these custom parameters( yes, on the request that was captured and not the response)and then have some custom script which will basically assert how many &quot;ads.abc.abc&quot; requests were captured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a full blown framework, I need Jmeter to launch programatically--&gt; then set up the HTTP recording controller and start recording all the calls from my app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12703" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T18:09:05.987" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T18:09:05.987" Title="Custom rules or script for Https recording in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13957" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-24T05:15:15.650" Score="6" ViewCount="105344" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the interviewer asked the below question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tell me the best positive and negative test cases for Login page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone provide me with the best answer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12798" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T12:13:58.823" LastActivityDate="2019-02-07T11:44:12.423" Title="Positive and negative test cases for login page" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2015-07-24T05:59:04.653" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many answers for this question, but first what come's in mind, are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Positive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Data:  login: X password: Y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;User Log in correctly using proprietary data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Negative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;login: [not registered login] V password: Y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;User can't log in with unregistered login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;login: X password: [Bad password] B&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;User can't log in with proprietary login and bad password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pre condition: System unavailable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;login: X password: Y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;User can't log in to system with proprietary login and password (servers are down, no internet connection, etc )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I make mistake please someone correct me, but I always use something like this (and much more) and it's work well. Sorry for not formatting text but I'm in work and don't have much time ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T05:59:04.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13917" CreationDate="2015-07-24T06:16:56.500" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had the same request a few years ago indeed. The company I am working for decided to set up a dedicated QA dept.&#xA;After an initial period of research we decided to adopt an international standard, in particular ISO 9001:2008 (we are now TUV certified).&#xA;The standard is not a step by step guide and sometimes it is really difficult to understand how to match all of the requirements, but in the end it helped us a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The standard is divided into 8 chapters but only the last 5 really explain how to create your quality management system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal suggestion is to remember that creating a QA system is a really hard task and it never really ends because you need to work on a continuous improvement of the processes, and you'll be even required to deal with people not ready to change their way of working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T12:17:12.277" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T12:17:12.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13961" CreationDate="2015-07-24T06:40:45.193" Score="2" ViewCount="6477" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are in discussion about the work of members for the QA in our project. For that our QA manager wants to get list of all the HP ALM defects our QA team has worked on in a specific time window. He wants to see which status these tickets have to reveal the project manager that the low number of successfully finished tickets and the growing number of unsolved tickets is not caused by &quot;non / slow&quot; working members of the QA but of the rubbish work of the developers because in his eyes many tickets are not worked on or go back to developers after they were &quot;fixed&quot; by the them, because they still contain issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He asked me to create a filter in HP ALM for that the he can easily go through the list, watch the defect details etc. I tried to filter by &quot;changed at&quot; or own labens like &quot;planned for release x.y.z&quot; but I always only getting the current values of the defects but I can't filter about history events of them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is now: Is there a way to create a filter for defects that shows a list of tickets the QA team (let's say user1, user2 and user3) have worked on in a given period of time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T06:42:55.537" Title="How to filter history events of defects in HP ALM?" Tags="&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13960" CreationDate="2015-07-24T06:42:55.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no directy way to filter tickets over history events as you can - as you already noticed - only filter about current attribute values. But you can search in the history of any objects by using the &lt;strong&gt;Dashboard&lt;/strong&gt;. Here is an example how you can create a filter for your needs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to &lt;strong&gt;Dashboard&lt;/strong&gt; and there to &lt;em&gt;Analysis View&lt;/em&gt;: Press the green cross and choose &lt;em&gt;New Excle Report&lt;/em&gt; ( or press &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;E&lt;/kbd&gt;. Enter a name and open the &lt;strong&gt;Configuration&lt;/strong&gt; Tab. There you can see a query window and yes you can query the ALM database using SQL and not only filters like in other dashboard reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For first we need some information about that database. Simple click on &lt;strong&gt;Help &gt; Documentation Library&lt;/strong&gt; in the head menu and in the opening help window on &lt;strong&gt;HP ALM Project Database Reference&lt;/strong&gt; inside the &lt;strong&gt;API References&lt;/strong&gt; section. Then a &quot;download&quot; of the database reference start where you get information about the schema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's start to build the query. For that we can use the earlier opened &lt;em&gt;Query&lt;/em&gt; window. We could directly work inside this sheet but I prefer to work with the &lt;em&gt;Query builder&lt;/em&gt; (opend by pressing the button with the pencil icon in the menu). The nice thing about this tool is that you got the database tables on the right sight which you can easily integrate in your query and you can &quot;filter&quot; them by their technical name and/or by their labels the users of ALM see in the &quot;normal&quot; views like the defect overview. Therefore you can test your query without fully creating the report (note that this will only show you a maximum of the first 10 rows in the report) or execute the query but not creating an excle file of it.&#xA;As you can see in the database reference the defects are stored in the &lt;code&gt;BUG&lt;/code&gt; table while the history of all objects is stored in the &lt;code&gt;AUDIT_PROPERTIES&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;AUDIT_LOG&lt;/code&gt; tables. With this information in mind we can build the following query:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT  BG_BUG_ID,&#xA;        BUG.BG_STATUS,&#xA;        BUG.BG_DETECTION_DATE,&#xA;        BUG.BG_PRIORITY,&#xA;        BUG.BG_SEVERITY,&#xA;        BUG.BG_SUMMARY&#xA;&#xA;FROM BUG&#xA;WHERE  BG_BUG_ID in (&#xA;        SELECT  CAST(AU_ENTITY_ID AS INT)&#xA;        FROM AUDIT_PROPERTIES&#xA;        LEFT JOIN AUDIT_LOG ON AP_ACTION_ID = AU_ACTION_ID&#xA;        WHERE (AU_USER IN ('user1', 'user2', 'user3')) AND&#xA;        (AP_TABLE_NAME = 'BUG')    AND&#xA;        (AU_TIME between '25/06/2015' and '18/07/2015')&#xA;        GROUP BY AU_ENTITY_ID)&#xA;&#xA;ORDER BY BG_BUG_ID&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some information about that query:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No &lt;code&gt;;&lt;/code&gt; at the end is needed, normally it will create an error (at least in our ALM version)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As you cann see we select some data from the &lt;code&gt;BUG&lt;/code&gt; table (orderd by &lt;em&gt;ID&lt;/em&gt;) where the ID is a list of history events stored in the &lt;code&gt;AUDIT_PROPERTIES&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We select all those audits which were done by the users &lt;em&gt;user1&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;user2&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;user3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We also only want only audits that where done in a specific time window (here June 26 to July 18). &lt;strong&gt;NOTE&lt;/strong&gt;: As you can see these are german dates as in our ALM instance they are stored as german dates. Change them to the layout in your instance (If you don't know the layout, just use the normal &lt;em&gt;changed at&lt;/em&gt; filter of the defect list, select a date from the calender and copy the automatically created value from the filter list (and cut out the hours,minutes etc). Also remember about how &lt;code&gt;between&lt;/code&gt; function works! It excludes the given borders - so the query above will only select audits really done from June 25 to July 17.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And we only want to recieve &lt;code&gt;AU_ENTITY_ID&lt;/code&gt;s of &lt;code&gt;BUG&lt;/code&gt; entities, but no requirements or tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you are almost done. We know &lt;strong&gt;GENERATE&lt;/strong&gt; the report and open the creating excle file. As you can see you got a nice list with the defects that your users were worked on in the given period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that - as you want to create a ALM filter of your report - we need some help of an text editior to create the ID list for the filter. I would have liked to use &lt;code&gt;group_concat&lt;/code&gt;to create a nice list of all IDs which you can just copy paste inside your filter but this function is not standard &lt;code&gt;SQL&lt;/code&gt; but only &lt;code&gt;MySQL&lt;/code&gt;. So I'll use &lt;em&gt;Notepad++&lt;/em&gt; for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mark and copy the first coloum (&lt;em&gt;BG_BUG_ID&lt;/em&gt;) out of your excle sheet and paste it into an empty notepad sheet. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove the header line so that you only have a long list of numbers, one number in each line&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then open the &lt;strong&gt;Finde and Replace&lt;/strong&gt; window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter &lt;code&gt;[\r\n]+&lt;/code&gt; into the &lt;strong&gt;FIND&lt;/strong&gt; field and &lt;code&gt;OR&lt;/code&gt; (notice the spaces around the OR!) inside the &lt;strong&gt;REPLACE WITH&lt;/strong&gt; field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the radio button for using regular expressions in the left down corner which activated checkbox &lt;em&gt;finds &lt;code&gt;\r&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;\n&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press the &lt;strong&gt;Replace All&lt;/strong&gt; button to get a single line where all numbers are sperated by &lt;code&gt;OR&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove the last &lt;code&gt;OR&lt;/code&gt; from the end of this list.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy the generated line from the notepad sheet into the &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt; filter field of your ALM and activate the filter - voila&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To handle them over to your QA or the other project members you should save the filter as a public favorite using the &lt;strong&gt;Favorites&lt;/strong&gt; menu option.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T06:42:55.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13962" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-24T07:11:57.940" Score="0" ViewCount="2214" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to retrieve the password from the password text box. I tried by using below code but it's not working. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the HTML code of the input:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;password&quot;&#xA;      placeholder=&quot;Password&quot;&#xA;      class=&quot;input identityinput&quot;&#xA;      id=&quot;password&quot;&#xA;      name=&quot;pw&quot;&#xA;      onkeypress=&quot;checkCaps(event)&quot;&#xA;      autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&#xA;      onkeyup=&quot;if(this.value != ''){&#xA;                document.getElementById('clrPw').style.display='block';&#xA;               } else {&#xA;                document.getElementById('clrPw').style.display='none';&#xA;               }&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12799" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T18:08:57.137" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T18:08:57.137" Title="How to Retrieve the password from the password text box" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11630" CreationDate="2015-07-24T08:31:11.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends the size of the company you are looking to work for.&#xA;If you are going for localization in a multinational organization you may not need to know any of the languages as their are so many they may have linguistic department or may even outsource the work load depending on the volume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking to work for a smaller company that their product only reaches a few different languages it will depend on each individual company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are set on learning a new language maybe look into the amount of countries speak each language and see what industries are big within them countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example, Spanish is used in many countries so would be more practical than Irish as it would only be used by a handful of people within its own country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12782" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T08:31:11.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2015-07-24T09:37:23.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, Agree with above answer, many ways to answering this question, in such I try to define a positive and Negative test cases of the Login page as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Positive Test Case&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Verify the Correct username,Correct password - Login Successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Negative Test Cases&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Verify the Incorrect username,incorrect password- Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Verify the Incorrect username,incorrect password- Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Verify valid username and empty password. -Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Verify empty username and valid password. - Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Verify some password(can be a registered/unregistered)- Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) Verify case changed username /password.- Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7) Verify registered user's login id and  password -Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8) Verify registered username and password.- Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9) Verify to enter disable(Blocked) email address.- Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10) Verify to unverified Email address. - Can't Login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T09:37:23.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13962" CreationDate="2015-07-24T09:37:34.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You search for the wrong id:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You search for id &lt;code&gt;Passwd&lt;/code&gt; but your field has the id &lt;code&gt;password&lt;/code&gt; so change the statement to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; By.id(&quot;password&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T09:37:34.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13966" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13975" CreationDate="2015-07-24T09:59:15.443" Score="1" ViewCount="9045" Body="&lt;p&gt;What exactly is the usage of HTTP Cookie manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we determine, while writing a script that the website needs a HTTP Cookie Manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T19:19:13.183" Title="Jmeter - HTTP Cookie Manager" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13967" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-24T10:23:23.823" Score="5" ViewCount="35790" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to JMeter and I want to learn how to login to a website using JMeter. So I selected Flipkart site for creating my first test. The steps which I have followed are mentioned below:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created a Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created a Thread Group with&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No of Threads = 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ramp-up Period = 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loop Count = 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used HTTP Cache Manager:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checked the option 'Use a Cache-Control/Expires Header when processing GET requests'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Max Number of Elements in cache = 5000&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used HTTP Request Defaults:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server name = &lt;strong&gt;www.flipkart.com&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used HTTP Cookie Manager:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checked the option 'Clear Cookies each iteration?' &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cookie Policy = compatibility and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implementation = HC3CookieHandler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path = / &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method = GET&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parameters(added) = username :: xxx@gmail.com and password :: *****&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Listeners used are &lt;strong&gt;'Summary Report'&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;'View Results Tree'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used Response Assertion with following configuration: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apply to: Main sample and sub-samples &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response field to Test = Text Response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pattern Matching Rules = Contains &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Patterns to Test (added): Hi xxx@g!&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After adding all these elements and configuring the same as mentioned above, I executed the script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After execution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It shows a result in Response Assertion = Assertion error: false and Assertion failure: true, Assertion failure message: Test failed: text expected to contain /Hi xxx@g!/&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know where I have made mistake(s), as I am unable to proceed further with JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7979" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T18:09:01.553" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T12:44:44.437" Title="How to login to a web-application using JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13936" CreationDate="2015-07-24T10:50:28.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; tool (free and open source) to simulate concurrent mobile application users activity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter is capable of recording mobile traffic and replaying it with configurable number of virtual users. You can use either built-in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1946705-mobile-recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile Recorder&lt;/a&gt; service to capture the traffic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T10:50:28.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13956" CreationDate="2015-07-24T10:55:25.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can filter out &quot;unwanted&quot; domains via &quot;URL Patterns to Exclude&quot; input of the HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example regular expression to exclude Google and Facebook traffic will look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;^((?!google|facebook).)*$&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to starting JMeter's proxy programmatically, there is no obvious way of doing that, however you can consider switching to &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1946705-mobile-recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile Recorder&lt;/a&gt; solution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T10:55:25.943" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13936" CreationDate="2015-07-24T11:20:41.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Android Studio for taking such kind of profiling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Launch Android Device Monitor after connecting your debug device.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Start Method profiling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now, perform an activity that you would want to measure. Like, moving from one view to another that might also include some network communication with backend.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once the activity is completed, click on stop method profiling.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, with the report that you get out of it, you will be able to analyse the amount of time each method has taken to perform each of its activities. It would also tell you how much RAM was utilized in the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also note that the app would be slower while doing this debug, but basically you will get an idea of which threads are slower and which activities take longer time to react.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/tools/debugging/ddms.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://developer.android.com/tools/debugging/ddms.html&lt;/a&gt; has more details under Method profiling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10802" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T11:20:41.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13967" CreationDate="2015-07-24T14:23:40.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you just started with JMeter, then I will suggest you to first go through this link &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will help you a lot in starting with JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, as you are new to JMeter, then you should go with the Recording option provided by JMeter, using that you will not need to add Sample Requests by your own and it will ease your work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to it, you should register yourself to &lt;strong&gt;'Blazemeter'&lt;/strong&gt; (registration is free) &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/&lt;/a&gt; and they will provide you 5 videos of JMeter, 1 video on 1 day and it will help you a lot in building your test plans and enhancing your knowledge of JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lastly, you should create your tests on your organization applications&lt;/strong&gt;, because most of the live running sites/application, doesn't allow requests from same IP and they block the same, just to avoid unwanted traffic &lt;em&gt;(this may not be your case as you are using only 1 user)&lt;/em&gt;, but still you should try creating your tests on your web-application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These were the general issues, which you need to take care of. Now the issues which I see with your created plan are:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have used the &lt;strong&gt;'Cookie Manager'&lt;/strong&gt; but not specified any cookie that is being used in your application &lt;em&gt;(which is Flipkart in your case)&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Cookie Manager&lt;/strong&gt; should contain the name and value of all the cookies being used, else you will not be able to login and maintain session after login. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples:&lt;/strong&gt; Cookies like ASP.NETSessionID (for .Net applications), JSessionID (for Java application) and many more, depending upon your application under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For login you have used only Username and Password in you request, but there can be other parameters too, which will be required for the successful login. They can be &lt;strong&gt;SessionID&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;ViewState&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;EventValidation etc.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(again depending upon your application)&lt;/em&gt;. Without these you will not be able to login. You can see all these parameters once you follow the recording process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Most of the times, applications uses some token keys like &lt;strong&gt;CSRF token&lt;/strong&gt;, some Unique ID &lt;em&gt;(which is generated on just hitting the base URL like 'flipkart.com')&lt;/em&gt; but is passed on to the subsequent requests for &lt;strong&gt;Authentication&lt;/strong&gt;. For such unique IDs you will need to use the &lt;strong&gt;'Regular Expression Extractor'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another reason for your script not be working is that, you are using single &lt;strong&gt;HTTPRequest&lt;/strong&gt; with Path &lt;strong&gt;'/'&lt;/strong&gt; and passing on &lt;strong&gt;Username&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Password&lt;/strong&gt; to this request, but as far as I know &lt;strong&gt;'/'&lt;/strong&gt; is the request for the base URL and for passing on &lt;strong&gt;Username&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Password&lt;/strong&gt;, there will be some other &lt;strong&gt;POST&lt;/strong&gt; request &lt;em&gt;(like flipkart.com/login)&lt;/em&gt; which will use your credentials as parameters and then allow you to login &lt;em&gt;(if Authentication is pass)&lt;/em&gt;. Such requests too are missing from your test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the debugging purpose, you should validate your result in &lt;strong&gt;Tree Listener&lt;/strong&gt; too &lt;em&gt;(which you have already added)&lt;/em&gt;, once you execute your script '&lt;strong&gt;Response Data'&lt;/strong&gt; tab of this listener will display the HTML response of your request, from there you can verify whether the response shown is of your application under test or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-24T14:52:23.043" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T14:52:23.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-24T14:39:28.453" Score="2" ViewCount="807" Body="&lt;p&gt;I already have Watir-Ruby scripts running on a macintosh which uses Firefox as the browser to run the automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been given a linux server where the Jenkins build is going on. I got to put my scripts in that server and the automation needs to kick off once the build is done. Will Jenkins on linux be able to trigger UI Automation on a macintosh or will the UI Automation run on the linux machine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12803" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2015-07-30T06:44:06.110" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T01:56:19.397" Title="Regarding running Watir scripts for UI Automation from Jenkins CI - How to hook up Jenkins and watir-automations" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13664" CreationDate="2015-07-24T15:54:17.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've figured out how to deal with this issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sprymedia.co.uk/article/visual+event+2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Visual Event&lt;/a&gt; tool to determine that edits to data in the text box triggered the JQuery change event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, I learned a bit of JQuery so that I could use it to set the field value and fire the change event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I replaced my original code with the snippet below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.execute_script(&quot;$('.product_description').val('This is a product'); $('.product_description').change();&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach appears to work consistently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5794" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T15:54:17.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13966" CreationDate="2015-07-24T19:07:01.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What exactly is the usage of HTTP Cookie manager&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/strong&gt;, stores and send the cookies just as a browser do. If your HTTP Request response contains a cookie, the Cookie Manager automatically stores that cookie and will use it for all future requests to that particular web site. Use of cookies eventually becomes necessary when you application has to maintain session, like once your logs in to an application, it maintains the session of that user so that he/she can work inside the application. If that session is not maintained (via Cookie Manager in case of JMeter), then user will logged out of the application as soon as he/she sends next request which requires Authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can take it like this, if your application have a session or uses cookies, then your script will not work without adding cookies in cookie manager, as then your script will not be able to maintain the session and the users (Threads) will be kicked-off the application as soon as they enter into it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each JMeter thread has its own &quot;cookie storage area&quot;. So, if you are testing a web site that uses a cookie for storing session information, each JMeter thread will have its own session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do we determine, while writing a script that the website needs a&#xA;  HTTP Cookie Manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One way is if you know about the application (which ideally a performance tester should know) that whether application maintains any kind of session or not. This should be part of the Performance test planning and Requirement gathering sessions conducted before starting with the Performance testing. So, you should gather this information before hand either ask the Developers, QAs working with that application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another way is using any kind of developer tool like &lt;strong&gt;HTTPWatch&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Fiddler&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;IE Developer Tool bar&lt;/strong&gt; etc. as these tools will clearly tell you what all cookies are being used by your application and which request requires which cookie.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using the reverse methodology &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;(this may sound little weird, but really helpful)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, use &lt;strong&gt;'View Results in Tree'&lt;/strong&gt; listener in your test plan, then without adding &lt;strong&gt;Cookie Manager&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(as at this point you don't know whether you require it or not)&lt;/em&gt; run your script. We both know that it will fail, but let it get fail. Then from the &lt;strong&gt;'Sampler Result'&lt;/strong&gt; tab of the Tree Listener you will get knowledge that whether &lt;strong&gt;'Your application is using any cookies or not? If yes then what are the name of cookies being used?'&lt;/strong&gt;. Once you get the cookies name from there, you can add the same to your cookie manager.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lastly, Thumb rule is 'If your application is having any kind of session, authentication then you will definitely need HTTP Cookie Manager in your JMeter script'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also refer to the below mentioned links for more details&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cookie-manager-jmeter-not-cookie-jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cookie-manager-jmeter-not-cookie-jar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lincolnloop.com/blog/load-testing-jmeter-part-1-getting-started/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://lincolnloop.com/blog/load-testing-jmeter-part-1-getting-started/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-24T19:19:13.183" LastActivityDate="2015-07-24T19:19:13.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13976" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14013" CreationDate="2015-07-25T10:03:50.950" Score="2" ViewCount="353" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Cucumber and want to understand how to use default param in a feature file &lt;code&gt;testcase.feature&lt;/code&gt; for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;And User click Delete on task action&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the step definition, the params could be anything because I use (.*). &#xA;However I want user to be limited to one of 3 values such as &quot;Create&quot;, &quot;Edit&quot;, &quot;Delete&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I define it in step definition, below is my current code implementation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@And(&quot;^User search (.*)on tasklist$&quot;)&#xA;    public void searchTask(String taskObject) throws Throwable {&#xA;        TaskboardPage taskboardPage = new TaskboardPage(sbConnect);&#xA;        taskboardPage.searchTask(taskObject);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could I user @And(User search (?: Create | Edit | Delete) on tasklist)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2018-10-12T02:47:29.380" LastActivityDate="2018-10-12T02:47:29.380" Title="Selenium&gt;Cucumber: How can default parameter be limited for steps?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="13977" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="13978" CreationDate="2015-07-25T20:49:22.647" Score="0" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;What consideration and why do you need to take account to when you gonna implement a test automation tool that is drop-or-click or hard coding (SoapUI, watin, seleniumhq etc)? Any pros and cons?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9176" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:01:34.290" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:01:34.290" Title="Test Automation Tool - drop-or-click or hard coding" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13977" CreationDate="2015-07-25T21:21:20.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say it comes down to your familiarity with programming in general. Entry level people will use Selenium IDE, Telerik Test Studio, or something like that (record and click). The minute you need something that isn't right out of the box, you are going to need to learn/use programming to make custom steps. This would be exporting Selenium IDE to Java and running you custom code using JUnit, for example. In Telerik, it would be a 'coded step' with VB or C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you choose the programmatic route you should consider its impact on your department. If you go with a programmatic approach then your new hires will either have to be skilled in your chosen toolkit or you will have to train them up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing is cost analysis. How long will it take you to train a new hire or manual tester to use the tool? How long does it take to do the same task in each tool you compare? How much daily effort is there is keeping things running? Time is money and I have found that while free tools &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; get the job done it just takes longer. Paid tools often come with the framework to integrate with source control, email you results, run at scheduled times on specific computers and browsers, reports for bugs over time, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-25T21:21:20.237" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13979" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-26T07:16:41.260" Score="4" ViewCount="2193" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Quality Assurance Analyst. In order to expand my horizon I am studying Lean Six Sigma. I found it very interesting. I am trying my best to spare time to attend seminars and study books in order to learn it. Good thing is, now I am now aware of many new processes like, Kaizen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is - how Six sigma is beneficial for a QA/tester? I am concerned that as a QA/tester, my path is correct or should I go for some other training/certification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your time!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="7486" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T08:27:12.420" LastActivityDate="2021-05-01T06:22:35.133" Title="How Six sigma is beneficial for a QA/tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13980" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-26T07:29:21.880" Score="7" ViewCount="1464" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two different bugs, Gold and Latent. Both exists in application from (lets say) Sprint 1. I would be thankful if you could tell me the difference between Gold bug and Latent bug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastActivityDate="2019-09-03T07:29:08.197" Title="What is the difference between Gold bug and Latent bug?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13967" CreationDate="2015-07-26T07:34:56.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking into flipkart website:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method to perform login should be POST&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to pass a dynamic parameter along with username and password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s5e9I.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s5e9I.png&quot; alt=&quot;Flipkart site&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you test plan should be amended as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method: &lt;code&gt;GET&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path: /&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regular Expression Extractor - to extract that &lt;code&gt;FK&lt;/code&gt; from response and store it into JMeter Variable &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;HTTP Request &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method: &lt;code&gt;POST&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path: &lt;code&gt;POST /account/loginWithoutOtp&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parameters: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;contact_id: email&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;password: password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;__FK: value from step 7 (it is likely that you need to tick &quot;Encode&quot; box as well)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1743642&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using RegEx (Regular Expression Extractor) with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for detailed information on one of the most popular ways of doing correlation in Apache JMeter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T07:34:56.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13980" CreationDate="2015-07-26T07:44:41.807" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latent Bug&lt;/strong&gt; : A latent bug is a bug which is present in the system from previous iterations or release (in your scenario Sprint 1). They are either low priority bugs, which either went undetected or were not reported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a good description : &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9170/what-is-a-latent-bug&quot;&gt;What is a latent bug?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Golden Bug&lt;/strong&gt; : If a bug happens to appear, in every iteration or release, affecting the major module, with high priority and high severity, then it would be classified as a golden bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T07:44:41.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13983" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-26T10:27:58.280" Score="10" ViewCount="53926" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where can I find sample or real Selenium projects. All the material I can find on github and on internet are basic, and never intermediate or advanced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does a real Selenium project look in real life? How can I find sample code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-26T12:08:57.230" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T14:57:31.803" Title="How to find real world Selenium projects" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13983" CreationDate="2015-07-26T14:00:49.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where can I find sample or real Selenium projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find selenium sample code and projects at the below mentioned links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/GettingStarted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/enterprise-java/testng/testng-selenium-integration-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/enterprise-java/testng/testng-selenium-integration-example/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qaautomation.net/?p=263&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.qaautomation.net/?p=263&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, these are the sample codes, which will help you in getting started with Selenium. Other than this there are several good communities, which will help you in starting up with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qtpselenium.com/samplevideos/selenium/seleniumvideos.php#java_webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://qtpselenium.com/samplevideos/selenium/seleniumvideos.php#java_webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This link offers a very good set of training videos which will help you a lot in learning Selenium along-with real time project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;All the material I can find on github and on internet are basic, and&#xA;  never intermediate or advanced. How does a real Selenium project look&#xA;  in real life?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See, no one is going to post his/her complete real project over a public site to share it with all users, because of multiple reasons (out of which most important is Security) they can't expose the project and all of its scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, all the sites/forums are for the guidance and they can tell you the best practices and recipe of creating a test project using Selenium or any other tool. In the last it totally depends upon you which suggestion and framework you are going to choose and then based on the selected ingredients you final dish will have its own look. Selection can be based upon Cost, Manpower, ROI, Skillset and Time available for example if you are using Selenium with Java using a Data Driven model then your project will have a different look if you used Keyword based test model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to it with addition of more and more test cases (Simple, Complex etc.) to your project, it will gain shape of a real world project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can I find sample code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always get the sample code from the different sites as mentioned above, for getting you particular problem or road block solved, but unless you start building your tests you will not know the problems you are going to face (as different projects may have its own challenges). You can post your issues on this site too and you will get an answer on how you can move on with your code issue and with due course of time, you will start refining your test cases and project too as per best practices of Selenium/Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T14:00:49.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13983" CreationDate="2015-07-26T14:57:31.803" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://dev.wikia.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikia&lt;/a&gt; project has &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;their Selenium tests&lt;/a&gt; online, looks like a little bit more then just examples. It contains a Page object factory and hundreds of tests and looks like it is pretty active with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests/graphs/commit-activity&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;multiple commits&lt;/a&gt; per day. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test cases: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests/tree/master/src/test/java/com/wikia/webdriver/testcases&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests/tree/master/src/test/java/com/wikia/webdriver/testcases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found this when I answered this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12551/free-sample-selenium-test-suites-code-for-open-source-projects?rq=1&quot;&gt;Free/Sample Selenium test suites (code) for Open Source projects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect more open source projects to have their tests online, maybe you need to look better :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T14:57:31.803" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8912" CreationDate="2015-07-26T16:00:57.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.sourceforge.net/javadoc/org/junit/Ignore.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Junit ignore tags&lt;/a&gt; are a good fit here , add this to the tests you don't want to run and that way it will not run the tests that are tagged to be ignored&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5662" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T12:15:25.487" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T12:15:25.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13950" CreationDate="2015-07-26T18:29:41.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This syntax might help u check out.&#xA;@FindBy(locator=&quot;locator value&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement elementName;&#xA;Don't forget in POM we follow encapsulation concept&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12816" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T18:29:41.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13988" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-26T19:33:38.623" Score="2" ViewCount="1872" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm tired of test automation because I don't feel challenged anymore. 99% of all automation I work with is straight forward, with click and type and no heavy logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any tips on websites with very complex functionalities to test with webdriver? Is Facebook a good example? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T09:32:34.583" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T02:21:52.113" Title="Website with complex functionalities?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13785" CreationDate="2015-07-26T20:12:55.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mentioned having a handle on testing, but wanting to know more about documentation in limited time scopes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case, my advice would be to get into Jira or another bug-tracking software asap. I like to keep a regression testing google doc spreadsheet which I then insert links to relevant bugs in Jira. That way you, fellow testers/devs/PMs, can all see previous bugs and get an idea of which areas are vulnerable over time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then for each release, you use the same doc, just adding a new column. That way, you have everything in one place, rather than multiple excel files that are difficult to go through. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that make sense? I can describe in more detail if you like or answer any questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7387" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T20:12:55.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13988" CreationDate="2015-07-26T20:26:21.873" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have had a very hard time automating the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.nl/maps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Maps&lt;/a&gt; API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Surf to Google maps: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.nl/maps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.google.nl/maps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find an area with known location&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the known location (without the use of mouse-coordinates, should also work when zooming, etc...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the location box with details opens&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retrieve the phone number&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very hard, because Google maps uses a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/html/html5_canvas.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;canvas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T20:26:21.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13988" CreationDate="2015-07-26T20:42:47.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Single Page Applications type which last time gains more and more popularity can be hard to automate, because this type of pages are dynamically loaded. Every action on page can load new div from server without reloading whole page, just for example simple paste table to div.&#xA;Webdriver cache webelements on page load, and dynamical loading of html without reload can lead do Stale Element Reference Exception or even to No Such Element Exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I made mistake and someone can correct me, please do this, but this is my personal opinion :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2015-07-26T20:42:47.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13979" CreationDate="2015-07-27T04:57:13.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of my peers (past and present) have ISTQB certs. That is specifically QA. If you want to learn lean, I suggest buying a book on the Toyota Production System as there is no meaningful cert for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T04:57:13.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13988" CreationDate="2015-07-27T05:05:36.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A CMS can be challenging. You have content moving, user permissions, generated IDs, etc. Try out WordPress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I snapped out of the automation boredom once I hired someone to take it over and I took on security testing and process improvement. Start with OWASP for security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T11:10:50.297" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T11:10:50.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13995" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-27T10:14:34.677" Score="0" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to locate table column containing text 'Name', and it fails while using &lt;code&gt;cssSelector&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;'Unable to locate element'&lt;/code&gt; but works with XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried all the 3 below options with different browsers but it throws error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;td:contains('Name')&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;td[textContent = 'Name']&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;td[innerText = 'Name']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas same can be located by XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//td[contains(text(),'Name')]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain please why it is failing for the css and is there anything which I am missing out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12820" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:04:03.150" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:04:03.150" Title="Finding column with certain text works using xpath but fails with cssSelector" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13988" CreationDate="2015-07-27T10:59:48.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out some interesting challenges on &lt;a href=&quot;https://challengers.flood.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://challengers.flood.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12821" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T10:59:48.133" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3662" CreationDate="2015-07-27T12:55:34.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also you can get it from a data source like excel file. For example if you want to get CustId column of your excel you can use following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;&#xA;   &quot;eventType&quot;: &quot;check&quot;,&#xA;&#xA;   &quot;emailAddress&quot;: &quot;email@emailtesting.com&quot;,&#xA;&#xA;   &quot;source&quot;: &quot;mobile&quot;,&#xA;&#xA;   &quot;customerSegment&quot;: &quot;gold&quot;,&#xA;&#xA;   &quot;custId&quot;: $(DataSource#CustId)&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T11:13:15.327" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T11:13:15.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13988" CreationDate="2015-07-27T13:12:02.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this is what you are looking for but as is case for a lot of people we don't have a choice of what to automate. So what I personally try to do is also figure out what can I do that would prove useful for the software but still be exciting. One of the things is performance testing. I haven't seen too much that automated tests also maintain a historic evidence of performance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am thinking of is something like recording performance information in a database to be able to perform some analytics on it. Like tie in build numbers and page performance, optimally with added firebug waterfall network tab information as well. That will let you know if some elements specifically might be slowing it down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be gotten with New Relic, but with automated tests you also happen to know the context of what you were trying to do. So it's on thing to know how fast a page loads (with a given query maybe) and what was previous page, and another knowing if there were multiple other things added that are supposed to show for that query which might let you analyze if the same page performs differently with 2 different contexts. (if this idea is interesting I can go more into it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TLDR; Track Performance stats for pages you load, and do analytics on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4394" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T13:12:02.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="13999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-27T13:24:00.157" Score="2" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter has many Listeners. How do they work and how is different types of graphs and results generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T06:14:57.697" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T07:26:01.497" Title="Can any one explain how the Jmeter listeners work" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13946" CreationDate="2015-07-27T13:25:27.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can customize a report or export it to a Word or Excel File using TFS API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T13:25:27.387" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13999" CreationDate="2015-07-27T13:50:44.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter produces some basic fields/result_field. JMeter doesn't create everything you see in different types of Listeners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can give this a try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate atleast 100 samples (As large amount of data is required for some listeners), using a single sampler (request)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use as many Listeners as you want of different types (say 15 types of listeners)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the plan....&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now in the filename field of all the listeners give series of names of files&#xA;like&#xA;a1.jtl&#xA;a2.jtl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see the screen shot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ndkGH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ndkGH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now again run the plan. Go to the files and open them in some good editors like notepad++.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your surprise you will find the same data in all the files irrespective of the type of listener generating the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Crux of the matter is :&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;JMeter gathers only handful of information from the run the rest information which is shown in different Listeners is &lt;strong&gt;COMPUTED&lt;/strong&gt; by the JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-27T21:24:23.260" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T21:24:23.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13988" CreationDate="2015-07-27T14:32:27.167" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Test automation&quot; means more than just automating user interfaces that run in a web browser.&lt;/strong&gt;  Someone with good programming skills should be able to find many other ways to use software to test software.  Here are are couple of examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Write API-level integration tests&lt;/strong&gt;.  If developers test, they probably focus on unit tests.  There is a middle ground between unit testing and UI testing, e.g. testing backend systems that interact with each other.  Often these backend systems cannot be tested effectively via the UI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Write test data generators.&lt;/strong&gt;  Sometimes the first job in a test cycle is to create test data: business objects that the software manipulates, starting with user accounts.  If these are created manually, you can add value by automating the process.  For a long-running batch process, you might write a sampler that pares down a large dataset to a smaller one that runs in a reasonable amount of time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T14:32:27.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-27T15:17:03.723" Score="1" ViewCount="285" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to make a test to login on 5 different sites. The issue is that some of them have a login button, and the others display directly the login form, to fill the username and password. &#xA;The only thing in common between those sites that have a login button is that their class contains a &quot;login&quot; text in the name. I am using the POM model for the pages and identify the elements in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(how = How.ID, using = &quot;txtPassword&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement passwordField;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to find those login buttons using &quot;contains&quot;? &#xA;What would be the best practice to handle this kind of operation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12822" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T07:26:07.690" Title="Testing automation - identify a button using contains" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2015-07-27T16:17:29.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I work for IT Central Station, a platform for crowdsourced IT reviews. The easiest way to check out these various products on our site may be to look at a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itcentralstation.com/products/comparisons/apache-jmeter_vs_neotys-neoload?tid=thread-pr06-cm06-t012-l01&amp;amp;cop=9623&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;comparison page&lt;/a&gt; of these products you are researching. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking into other tools aside from JMeter and Selenium, you may want to look at StormRunner, HP's newer tool. A few of our real users have reviewed it &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itcentralstation.com/product_reviews/hp-stormrunner-load-review-32683-by-stephen-dimitrov?tid=thread-pr06-cm06-t011-l02&amp;amp;cop=9623&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;recently&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12824" LastEditorUserId="12824" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T17:21:57.053" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T17:21:57.053" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14003" CreationDate="2015-07-27T16:44:21.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;best practice will be to use page object design pattern. Then, each page has login method, which does login in a page-specific way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T16:44:21.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14003" CreationDate="2015-07-27T17:27:24.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to go by something else than &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;, check &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/FindBy.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, you can use &lt;code&gt;className&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;css&lt;/code&gt; - depending on your exact HTML code.&#xA;So for example, you could have something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(how = How.className, using = &quot;login&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement passwordField;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, you can define the login buttons in a broader sense so all of them match a single definition.&#xA;Of course, like Peter's reply suggests, if these are different pages and you want to apply the POM strictly, you could have a different class for each page. Might seem more work to maintain at first, but what if one of your five pages changes the HTML class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T17:27:24.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14008" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-27T17:40:48.813" Score="4" ViewCount="3100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to use VSTS 2013 ultimate as a Performance (Load) test tool for one of my project, I have my prior experience in JMeter, but client want only VSTS performance report. I have studied and used VSTS for my hands-on over this tool. As we know every tool has its on way of capturing and executing tests which differs from the other tools, so is in the case of VSTS; I am little unclear about the performance parameters which are provided by VSTS in its load test reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again I tried to search for them but some how different sites are confusing me more with their answers. Here are my questions related to the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the difference in &lt;strong&gt;Avg. Page Time&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Avg. Response Time&lt;/strong&gt; in VSTS? Which should be greater &lt;em&gt;ideally (I know there can be some exceptions)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am always getting &lt;strong&gt;Transactions/Sec&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Total Transactions&lt;/strong&gt; values as 'Zero', what I need to do for getting these values? How can I create transactions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is exactly &lt;strong&gt;Avg. Test Time&lt;/strong&gt;? Is this the time taken for executing the load test under consideration? If, yes then does it mean that this is the time in which one iteration of execution can get completed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Values like 95%, 90% etc. which are shown in the Table view, these are the Avg. Page Time or Avg. Response Time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The goal which is set in the requests is compared against the Avg. Page Time or Avg. Response Time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every time I close and start VSTS and run load tests, it shows results for that duration only e.g. if I have executed a test 5 times, it will show me 5 results in the Test Result section and I can switch to any result I want (fine); but when I restart VSTS on same or next day and execute the test it shows me results for only that day not for earlier days and no such option is shown in the execution drop down of &lt;strong&gt;Test Results&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Test Run&lt;/strong&gt; windows too. I know VSTS stores results in a database which exists at some location on my system but don't know how to display those older results in VSTS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have referred below mentioned links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb385841.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms404677.aspx#TestResults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21268328/what-exactly-is-page-response-time&quot;&gt;Link 3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/72304e95-2272-40ab-8bd4-a3ce5806b303/load-testing-avg-transaction-time-vs-avg-response-time-vs-avg-test-time?forum=vststest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T19:27:13.677" Title="Visual Studio 2013 Performance results analysis issues" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12618" CreationDate="2015-07-27T18:34:20.127" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firsly, I work at IT Central Station, a crowdsourced platform for real user IT reviews. Interesting comparisons, if you're looking at JMeter, Gatling and other similar tools you may want to check out a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itcentralstation.com/products/comparisons/apache-jmeter_vs_neotys-neoload?tid=thread-pr06-cm06-t013-l01&amp;amp;cop=9623&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;comparison&lt;/a&gt; page where you can see real user feedback on JMeter and HP StormRunner that speak specifically about script performance tests and may be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12824" LastEditorUserId="12824" LastEditDate="2015-07-31T21:26:44.600" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T21:26:44.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13785" CreationDate="2015-07-27T19:09:23.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to add two more points which will be difficult for firms but as this topic is not limited to this (at least in my opinion) two other possibilities. Both can't be done by QA only. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Make your code open source. &#xA;By making the code open source you'll get more reviewers and more feedback on source code and there will be more installations of your product with more practical users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) A thing that mostly games could do, but also other software, Inspired by Blizzard: Open a public test realm where players can play preview versions and give feedback about issues. For &quot;normal&quot; software a open demo version (like testlink eg) could be a similar way to go. &#xA;This is something the game for which I code in my freetime does this now as we don't have any &quot;internal&quot; testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T19:09:23.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14008" CreationDate="2015-07-27T22:19:53.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms404656(v=vs.140).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN page&lt;/a&gt; should have all the answers. If you are still confused, go higher up in the page tree to work on your foundation level knowledge. I won't copy+paste the wall of text as the MSDN has been up longer than StackOverflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-27T22:19:53.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13979" CreationDate="2015-07-28T01:23:21.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is likely to be geography specific. Where I live, certifications are risky; admitting to having them can actually count against you by suggesting a lack of experience or a narrow view of how software quality work should be performed. Here, in Seattle, WA, I would recommend looking at local community college programs, reading books on software testing, work experience, and / or contributing to open source projects online over certification. I understand that certifications are highly desirable in other areas, even within this same country. The level of role you are seeking may also be relevant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for local QA meetup groups, and ask there. You really need local information for this, IMO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T01:23:21.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13976" CreationDate="2015-07-28T01:45:00.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. However, you are referencing that string later on; if you use &quot;(?: Create | Edit | Delete)&quot;, you will be using a non-capturing regular expression and will not capture the argument into taskObject, meaning you won't have that value when you later attempt &quot;taskboardPage.searchTask(taskObject);&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect you want to use a capturing regular expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@And(&quot;^User search (Create|Edit|Delete) on tasklist$&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article has some great information on regular expressions for Cucumber, including a good section on capturing vs. non-capturing groups:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agileforall.com/2010/07/just-enough-regular-expressions-for-cucumber/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.agileforall.com/2010/07/just-enough-regular-expressions-for-cucumber/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, with Cucumber you can specify any regular expression within those parentheses, and you will be able to match only strings that match the whole regular expression. Cucumber is just using regular expressions to match steps and to capture arguments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T01:45:00.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13988" CreationDate="2015-07-28T02:21:52.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would definitely recommend broadening the types of testing you are doing, as well as seeking out more complex functionality to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you ever done performance testing? Reliability testing? Security testing? Database testing? What about designing scripts that actually crawl the functionality of your website without you telling them what to do, and take screen shots as they go? What about fuzzing on those input fields? How can you create software that tests while you are out of the office and records interesting scenarios that you can then look at more closely when you get in the office? User246 mentioned API testing - this is, IMO, very good advice! API testing is actually quite easy, but often very intimidating - and you can provide a lot of value by testing from the API primarily, then only using UI automation for E2E tests and tests to make sure that the API is being called correctly (UI automation is expensive to maintain, so you generally want to limit how much you rely on it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want to focus on testing using Selenium, I would suggest sites where you do not create data but do interact with data in rich ways.  Google Maps is great because there are complicated ways to interact, tons of data already there, and you as a user can do many things without entering text. Google Images could also be fun to work with. Instead of testing, you could also try writing small UI scripts with Selenium that, e.g., analyze metatext on a page. Maybe write a script to browse Coursera and find all courses with the word &quot;software&quot; in their title or description. Or maybe, automate a task you normally do manually. Can you create a small tool where you put in the date, time, and description for an event on the command line, and it browses to Google Calendars, logs in for you, and puts that event on your calendar? While you wouldn't do this in production code (you would use a Google Calendar API and not UI tools), it can be a fun way to build your skills if you really like UI testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Facebook is less good for testing than many Google products because so many interactions require you to enter information, which makes it expensive to test against (and could also result in you being black-listed if your behavior &quot;looks&quot; abusive). G+ or any highly social site will have the same problem. Think about sites you visit to get information, not sites you visit to give information. On the other hand, Facebook and other social media could be great to practice on to automate your everyday tasks - as long as you are okay with the risk of some very visible errors!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure that, whatever you do, you think carefully about the effect your behavior will have on any live site that you are testing against! Not all sites can handle heavy traffic or random inputs without breaking. Testing against a major site like Google Maps shouldn't be an issue (unless you are spamming their APIs, in which case they will probably blacklist you), but a smaller organization may have bugs that could bring down their site if you test too hard. Be a good citizen!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T02:21:52.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2015-07-28T03:09:30.977" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Telling the interviewer &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; is less important than telling them &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt;. They asked for the two best cases - not just a list of cases. This means that you need to explain to them why these cases are &quot;better&quot; than the many other cases you could have offered up. It doesn't matter if you give good answers if you cannot also explain why they are good answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A great place to start might be to ask what the interviewer means by &quot;best&quot;. Does he or she mean, &quot;Most valuable tests if only two tests are written&quot;? &quot;Most interesting&quot;? &quot;Most efficient at uncovering bugs&quot;? &quot;Most valuable in terms of time to implement&quot;? These kinds of questions suggest that the interviewee understands that different people throughout the business may value different things. &quot;Best&quot; from the project owner's perspective may not be the same as &quot;best&quot; from the perspective of the technical lead or the business owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the interviewer says, pick whatever definition of best makes sense to you (a common response):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best positive case is generally the &quot;Happy path&quot; case - the most common case that will happen. If that test case passes, it tells you that your system is basically functioning for the main situation. It also is the test case that covers the broadest swath of the user experience. For this scenario, this would be a valid user logging in with a common username (no fancy characters) and a correct simple password (as simple as the security requirements will allow). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best negative case, if time is limited, is nothing more than entering a simple username and an incorrect but also simple password. The basic functionality of a login page is to deny users with incorrect passwords, and that no other behavior matters if the login page cannot do this. If more time is available, I would say that the best test case is fuzzing the password field using any value other than the correct password for a given user, and then checking for successful logins, exceptions, and other inappropriate results. I would want to talk to the developers and business owners to determine what results would be inappropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally would also volunteer to give some other interesting cases, to let the interviewer know that I &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; come up with, e.g., servers unavailable, edge cases in the registration process, SQL injection, tests to make sure the login process isn't too fast (allows attackers more attempts in less time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, though, the interviewer will be happy with any answer that demonstrates depth of knowledge. Don't just think about technical depth. The answer &quot;entering a valid user with an invalid password&quot; has almost no technical depth - but mentioning the swiftness of implementation and the value of covering the basic functionality of rejecting incorrect passwords demonstrates highly valuable business awareness, and is the kind of answer I would expect from a senior QA engineer. An &quot;interesting&quot; answer that indicates technical depth is what I would expect from a mid-level engineer, and a list of mostly functional test cases is what I would expect from someone who is relatively junior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, I do interview QA engineers from time to time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T03:09:30.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14016" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-28T05:16:07.087" Score="0" ViewCount="1688" Body="&lt;p&gt;This will be a interview question from Amazon. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What should be the testing approach of 100 Television Products?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What will be the Scenario &amp;amp; how long it will take to complete this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody post answer for this question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7979" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-11-03T09:02:57.780" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T09:02:57.780" Title="What should be the testing approach of 100 Television Products?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13980" CreationDate="2015-07-28T06:12:52.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latent Bug:&lt;/strong&gt; The bug that is not identified in the past versions of the software application. which is not fetch or display in past versions of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also refer this Link : &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_defect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_defect&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Golden Bug:&lt;/strong&gt; The bug that is occurred in every instances of the application with severity level high and with high priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also refer this Link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gold-Bug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gold-Bug&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T06:12:52.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14018" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-28T07:25:28.783" Score="5" ViewCount="5888" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an online advanced/intermediate tutorial on Selenium Webdriver. Preferably using Java. I've searched a lot but could not find such a course/tutorial. Almost 99% are very basic, and I would like to do more advanced testing with Selenium Webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T13:02:49.453" Title="Advanced selenium webdriver tutorial/course" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-07-30T06:40:58.883" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13999" CreationDate="2015-07-28T07:26:01.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;By default JMeter stores the following metrics it its results file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;timeStamp,elapsed,label,responseCode,responseMessage,threadName,dataType,success,bytes,grpThreads,allThreads,Latency&#xA;1438068133842,0,HTTP Request,1000,Test successful,Example Thread Group 1-1,text,true,0,1,1,0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter Listeners basically parse this data and represent it in more human-readable form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process is quite resource-consuming in case of immense load so it is recommended to disable all the listeners during load test execution and perform the analysis on JMeter results file after the run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ubik-ingenierie.com/blog/automatically-generating-nice-graphs-at-end-of-your-load-test-with-apache-jmeter-and-jmeter-plugins/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automatically generating nice graphs at end of your Load Test with Apache JMeter and JMeter-Plugins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-performance-and-tuning-tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Performance and Tuning Tips&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T07:26:01.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14003" CreationDate="2015-07-28T07:26:07.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You always can use xpath, for example simple xpath for button with text &quot;Login&quot; will be (with findby of course):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(xpath=&quot;.//button[text()='Login']&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement loginButton;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if You want to locate button that contains few words and You want to use only for example two of it, this will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(xpath=&quot;.//button[contains(text(), 'Login to')]&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement FirstLoginButton;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T07:26:07.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14016" CreationDate="2015-07-28T07:26:43.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are details missing from the question so asking clarification questions would be the first step, the next step should be summarizing your assumptions.&#xA;Since this is Amazon you should keep in mind while answering some ility words&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scalability &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parallelism of the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross platform (well, this is not a ility word)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Traceability, debuggability and logging&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then think about your test framework and how do you want to show results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember- interview question are not always about right or wrong but about how do you think, or about things that were not explicitly asked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T07:26:43.003" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14018" CreationDate="2015-07-28T07:50:06.177" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some good Selenium tutorial for beginner/Intermediate/Advance are given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/selenium-introduction/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ToolsQA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/selenium-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Guru99&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T07:50:06.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14018" CreationDate="2015-07-28T09:01:33.307" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you checked on youtube.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are enormous resources out there on various topics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can share one link here about how to create and use xpath locators for simulating actions on the web elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/vcT4Ic5pbEA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/vcT4Ic5pbEA&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/3crs-xBnkxc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/3crs-xBnkxc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12833" LastEditorUserId="12833" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T13:02:49.453" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T13:02:49.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13995" CreationDate="2015-07-28T09:06:26.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;cssSelector&lt;/code&gt; does not have selector that works with text. That's why it does not work :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to use an alternate way. Why not xpath if it works fine? Or hierarchical CSS approach. That should work fine as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12833" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T21:38:48.840" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T21:38:48.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2015-07-28T13:12:21.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Foundations of Software Testing ISTQB Certification&lt;/strong&gt; by &lt;strong&gt;Rex Black&lt;/strong&gt; is also a very good book for starting with Software Testing, especially who seek to get certified as &lt;strong&gt;CTFL&lt;/strong&gt; (Certified Tester Foundation Level) from &lt;strong&gt;ISTQB&lt;/strong&gt; (International Software Testing Qualifications Board). This books contains all the basic stuff required for starting carrier in Software Testing and Quality Assurance. While this is good for beginners in Manual Testing, for Performance testers there is another good book &lt;strong&gt;The Art of Application Performance Testing&lt;/strong&gt; by &lt;strong&gt;Ian Molyneaux&lt;/strong&gt;, this books will clear the concepts of Performance Testing like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is Performance testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is it required?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why most Testers/organizations fails to achieve and implement performance testing and NFRs?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance Planning and Execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more deep dive knowledge of software testing and quality, you can refer &lt;strong&gt;'Advanced Software Testing'&lt;/strong&gt; by &lt;strong&gt;Rex Black&lt;/strong&gt;, it helps in preparation of Advance level certifications of ISTQB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T13:12:21.500" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-07-28T13:12:21.500" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14028" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-28T14:41:54.310" Score="4" ViewCount="4168" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to learn Appium for a new project. I read through the manuals and the official documentation and I have one question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the tutorials seem to focus on &lt;code&gt;Eclipse + Android SDK +Appium.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, when I tried to download Android SDK, I mistakenly downloaded Android Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, my question is- can we use Android Studio plus Appium? Since Studio is an IDE, I suppose it would allow this? Am I totally lost here or can I use this IDE for Appium testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-06T07:11:16.577" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T07:11:16.577" Title="Android Studio and Appium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14028" CreationDate="2015-07-28T15:04:22.107" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll need the Android SDK at least for adb, otherwise you will not be able to communicate with a device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are confusing the IDE either Eclipse or Android Studio and the enabling environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just install the SDK, or check if it is not already installed since AFAIK it is now part of Android Studio installations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T15:04:22.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2168" CreationDate="2015-07-28T15:12:15.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a long time, a new positive answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HPQC 12.20 Community Edition 12.20&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is free software ( permanent non-expiring license, 5 users ), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;runs well on &#xA;Win8Pro with SQLServerExpress&#xA;( so no need for special os or database versions anymore)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and might be permanent playground for anybody interested in scripting via the OTA interface :-), released 2015-01-15.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See my homepage about &quot;HP Quality Center Community Edition&quot;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hemmerling.com/doku.php/en/alm.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.hemmerling.com/doku.php/en/alm.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;and OTA&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hemmerling.com/doku.php/en/alm02.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.hemmerling.com/doku.php/en/alm02.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12836" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T16:11:56.357" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T16:11:56.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14018" CreationDate="2015-07-28T16:00:40.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can go for below mentioned links too, they contain good stuff for Intermediate and Advance level:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumeasy.com/selenium-webdriver-tutorials&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Easy&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-tutorial-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoftwareTestingHelp&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;(I myself use this link as it explains concept in a very good manner)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need videos for learning Advance Selenium then you can go for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qtpselenium.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QTPSelenium&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;it's not free but very good stuff &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;(if you require this)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T16:57:15.783" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T16:57:15.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3551" CreationDate="2015-07-28T19:47:37.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll add &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/teststudio/load-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Telerik Test Studio&lt;/a&gt; to the list. I use it for 10,000 virtual users across 5 PCs. If you can afford it, I couldn't recommend it enough. Way easier to use than JMeter. Also, my automated tests are in the same project, so there is no context switching or new tool to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T19:47:37.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14033" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14034" CreationDate="2015-07-28T20:24:16.913" Score="2" ViewCount="708" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Selenium WebDriver for Python video I'm watching instructs me to copy ChromeDriver to &lt;code&gt;/usr/local/bin&lt;/code&gt;. When I view my &lt;code&gt;$PATH&lt;/code&gt;, I can see &lt;code&gt;/usr/local/bin&lt;/code&gt;, but if I &lt;code&gt;cd&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;/usr/local/bin&lt;/code&gt; it says the directory does not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;echo $PATH&#xA;/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin&#xA;&#xA;cd /usr/local/bin&#xA;-bash: cd: /usr/local/bin: Not a directory&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python came pre-installed in OS 10.9.5 and it's in &lt;code&gt;/usr/bin&lt;/code&gt;. Should I just copy ChromeDriver to &lt;code&gt;/usr/bin&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12837" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-31T00:38:46.387" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T00:38:46.387" Title="Can/should ChromeDriver be installed on the same PATH (usr/bin) as Python, easy_install, etc.?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14033" CreationDate="2015-07-28T21:26:57.500" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can put ChromeDriver wherever you like if you specify the path:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;chromedriver_path = &quot;&amp;lt;path_to_chromedriver&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chromedriver_path)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's really up to you if you want in &lt;code&gt;usr/local/bin&lt;/code&gt; or elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12838" LastEditorUserId="12838" LastEditDate="2015-07-28T21:32:48.777" LastActivityDate="2015-07-28T21:32:48.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11611" CreationDate="2015-07-29T06:36:15.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes,you need to write Test Cases for different Devices. In simple words just follow the &quot;Compatibility Testing&quot; or &quot;Cross Browser Testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12798" LastEditorUserId="25588" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T06:04:49.183" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T06:04:49.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-29T07:05:03.187" Score="0" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestRail&lt;/a&gt;&quot; tool (Manual Testing) I have attached two documents in TestRuns and Results while executing the Test case. Now I have to remove one document, how to remove the one document?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12798" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T03:26:30.933" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T03:26:30.933" Title="TestRail: Remove documents from TestRun or TestResult" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14038" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-29T07:25:16.893" Score="2" ViewCount="457" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need to test whether an email is getting sent to a specific email ID (Gmail) when a specific action is done from the application under test. Can we automate this using telerik test studio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12842" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:56:58.273" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:56:58.273" Title="Can we use telerik test studio to check automated email functionality?" Tags="&lt;email&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14038" CreationDate="2015-07-29T07:42:07.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/download/teststudio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Telerik test studio&lt;/a&gt; has a 30 day trail, maybe just try it? I would see no reasons why this could not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailtrap.io/#features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MailTrap&lt;/a&gt; to catch emails send from the system under test and then use their API to check the email has arrived from a script/test. This sounds better then logging into gmail to check the email has arrived.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-29T07:42:07.670" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14037" CreationDate="2015-07-29T09:27:20.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Test run, when You enter to test case, with attached document, in right column You can see this attachment. When You run with mouse pointer to this attachment, there will appear icon to delete. Bellow there are example of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vR1Tc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vR1Tc.png&quot; alt=&quot;attachment&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2015-07-29T09:27:20.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-29T11:16:53.517" Score="2" ViewCount="13292" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on an script which is using a while loop and I am not able to properly understand the behavior of while loop.&#xA;like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When does the condition become false...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From where does it takes inputs, like if sample fails even then the condition becomes false....?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How &amp;amp; What type of conditions can we specify in While.&#xA;I am not finding any good details of while loop on web&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T12:00:12.423" Title="While loop working in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14041" CreationDate="2015-07-29T13:30:35.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;While Loop controller&lt;/strong&gt; execute its samplers until the condition specified is not set to &lt;strong&gt;False&lt;/strong&gt;. The condition can be any variable or function that eventually evaluates to the string 'false'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you need to specify a variable or function in While Loop, that has value  'true' and becomes 'false' somewhere else in the script. Once it changes to 'false', JMeter will exit the While loop. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you are using a &lt;strong&gt;X-Path&lt;/strong&gt; extractor in your script which have a variable named &lt;strong&gt;Status&lt;/strong&gt; and its value changes from '&lt;strong&gt;Start&lt;/strong&gt;' to '&lt;strong&gt;Finish&lt;/strong&gt;' during the execution and you want to execute your script till '&lt;strong&gt;Finish&lt;/strong&gt;' has not been met, then you can use the expression &lt;code&gt;${__javaScript(&quot;'${imp_Status}'!='finish'&quot;,)}&lt;/code&gt; in your While loop and it will execute the samplers under While controller till the status = finish is met.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used the same in an eCommerce site, where the condition was that 'User is not allowed to Check-Out products until he purchases items of some amount X' i.e. minimum amount for Check-Out. So we have stored this value of items to be purchased in a Variable and then used the same in While Loop, so that until amount not reached to X, keep of adding products using the samplers which are inside the While loop controller. Once the amount become &gt;= X, the While loop exits and proceeded to Check-Out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer to below links for more details&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7886132/jmeter-while-controller&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7886132/jmeter-while-controller&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30452343/how-to-use-while-loop-in-jmeter&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30452343/how-to-use-while-loop-in-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#While_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#While_Controller&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-07-29T13:30:35.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14038" CreationDate="2015-07-29T15:19:32.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, this you can validate using Telerik Test Studio but for this you need to add test case of 'Gmail login and checking Inbox'. I will say to use this test case of Mail check as a separate test case in Test Studio and then call it as a Child test case in your Master case, once the particular action is taken. So, your whole test suite will look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Master Test case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step1: Login to application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step2: Perform action on which mail should be send&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step3: Extract the subject (if your application uses some different subject for different actions), store this in a variable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step4: Validate the message shown in the application after performing action like 'Mail has been sent successfully'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Step5: Call Child test case of verifying mail sent or not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;--- Child Test Case ---&#xA; - Login to Gmail&#xA; - Open Inbox (if not default)&#xA; - Validate mail arrived or not, verify the extracted subject from step3&#xA; - If not, then add a wait and verify again after refreshing the Inbox &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(this is just to ensure that if there is any delay in sending mail then you verify Inbox after that delay too, because sometimes mail sending services have a scheduler which runs after every configured amount of time, lets say after every 5 mins mail will be sent then you should validate the mail received functionality after a time of 5-6 mins.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For making it more robust you can place Step2 of Mater test case in a 'IF' statement, i.e. if Action is taken then only you need to fire the Child test case else not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-29T15:19:32.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14044" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-29T17:50:55.340" Score="6" ViewCount="9688" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company recently began migrating from using &lt;em&gt;QTP&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;Selenium webdriver&lt;/em&gt;.  We are looking for a test management tool similar to &lt;em&gt;Quality Center&lt;/em&gt; (what is &lt;em&gt;QTP&lt;/em&gt; primaly for) that would work well with &lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt;. We need a tool to schedule and run our tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions for &lt;strong&gt;free open source or other inexpensive tools&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've searched but have only seen old threads.&#xA;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11693" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-07-30T11:16:06.857" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T05:36:14.263" Title="Test management tool for Selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2015-07-29T18:16:47.620" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know what features QC delivers for running automated tests, but this is what I would do to maintain a Selenium test-suite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a test runner for Selenium just use a unit-test runner in the language you are developing your tests in. Most &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XUnit&quot;&gt;xUnit&lt;/a&gt;-tests runners generate the same result files, which can be parsed by &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/xUnit+Plugin&quot;&gt;report generators&lt;/a&gt; for reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To schedule these test-runs I would advice using a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; server, and to let all tests run on each commit/check-in in the source control system. (Understand which new code breaks what test, as soon as possible.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For CI products look at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;, open source. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt;, commercial but with limited free version.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For more systems look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_continuous_integration_software&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_continuous_integration_software&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setup a digital wallboard to show the feedback of the CI server or let it send notifications by email or chat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more human readable test management that can easily be combined with Selenium look at these open source tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org/&quot;&gt;jBehave&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or other &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot;&gt;BDD&lt;/a&gt; frameworks: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/brief-comparison-bdd&quot;&gt;https://dzone.com/articles/brief-comparison-bdd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-29T18:57:58.023" LastActivityDate="2015-07-29T18:57:58.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11777" CreationDate="2015-07-29T18:44:55.303" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that when I wrote this jQuery was built into Postman. &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.getpostman.com/2016/08/30/jquery-replaced-by-cheeriojs-in-postman-sandbox/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Since v4.5.0 it has been replaced by CheerioJS and Lodash&lt;/a&gt;, so &lt;strong&gt;this solution won't work with v4.5.0+&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I successfully got custom HMAC SHA256 header signing in Postman working using Pre-request script. Here's how I did it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/docs/jetpacks_pre_request_scripts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Postman documentation&lt;/a&gt;, you can't set request headers directly. In the pre-request script you have to assign the header value to a global or environment variable, and then use the header variable in the header key-value editor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of using environment variables in Headers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s0cuy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s0cuy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the pre-request script I wrote to generate the values needed, and assign to the header variables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var key = 'my_api_key';&#xA;var base64Secret = 'my_b64_secret';&#xA;&#xA;function newGuid() {&#xA;    return 'xxxxxxxxxxxx4xxxyxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'.replace(/[xy]/g, function (c) { var r = Math.random() * 16 | 0, v = c == 'x' ? r : r &amp;amp; 0x3 | 0x8; return v.toString(16); });&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;function epochTime() {&#xA;    var d = new Date();&#xA;    var t = d.getTime();&#xA;    var o = t + &quot;&quot;;&#xA;    return o.substring(0, 10);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// Load required 3rd party JS libs via jQuery&#xA;// http://stackoverflow.com/a/11803418&#xA;&#xA;$.when(&#xA;    $.getScript( &quot;https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jsSHA/2.0.1/sha256.js&quot; ),&#xA;    $.getScript( &quot;https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/crypto-js/3.1.2/components/md5.js&quot; ),&#xA;    $.getScript( &quot;https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/crypto-js/3.1.2/components/enc-base64-min.js&quot; ),&#xA;    $.Deferred(function( deferred ){&#xA;        $( deferred.resolve );&#xA;    })&#xA;).done(function(){&#xA;&#xA;    var time = epochTime();&#xA;    var nonce = newGuid();&#xA;    var method = request.method;&#xA;    var encodedUri = encodeURIComponent(request.url).toLowerCase();&#xA;&#xA;    // Build the request body string from the Postman request.data object&#xA;    var requestBody = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;    var firstpass = true;&#xA;    for(var param in request.data)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if(!firstpass){&#xA;            requestBody += &quot;&amp;amp;&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;        requestBody += param + &quot;=&quot; + request.data[param];&#xA;        firstpass = false;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    var b64BodyContent = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;    if(requestBody){&#xA;        // MD5 hash and convert the request body string to base 64&#xA;        b64BodyContent = CryptoJS.MD5(requestBody).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Base64);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    var rawSignature = key + method + encodedUri + time + nonce + b64BodyContent;&#xA;&#xA;    // Generate HMAC SHA256 signature&#xA;    // Using library: http://caligatio.github.io/jsSHA/&#xA;    var shaObj = new jsSHA(&quot;SHA-256&quot;, &quot;TEXT&quot;);&#xA;    shaObj.setHMACKey(base64Secret, &quot;B64&quot;);&#xA;    shaObj.update(rawSignature);&#xA;    var signature = shaObj.getHMAC(&quot;B64&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    postman.setEnvironmentVariable('key', key);&#xA;    postman.setEnvironmentVariable('time', time);&#xA;    postman.setEnvironmentVariable('nonce', nonce);&#xA;    postman.setEnvironmentVariable('signature', signature);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12850" LastEditorUserId="12850" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T12:45:30.607" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T12:45:30.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14047" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-30T01:33:53.260" Score="1" ViewCount="28" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does integration testing replace other forms of testing with a single comprehensive test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12852" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T06:30:24.777" Title="Integration Testing for project management" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-07-30T06:46:18.853" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14050" CreationDate="2015-07-30T07:58:53.120" Score="1" ViewCount="594" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to set &lt;strong&gt;Eclipse&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Selenium&lt;/strong&gt; and our projects at some central level from where other tester can access code, modify code, update code etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until now I was alone doing automation scripting to my local pc using &lt;strong&gt;Selenium&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Java&lt;/strong&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;Eclipse&lt;/strong&gt;. Now we have multiple testers that do automation scripting. So I want something like a server. How can I set up this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-07-31T00:38:29.460" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T00:38:29.460" Title="How to setup selenium , projects and eclipse at one central point like server so multiple tester can write automation code at same time?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14049" CreationDate="2015-07-30T08:13:10.377" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Put all the tests into a code &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revision_control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;version control&lt;/a&gt; system. Preferable in the same version control system as the application under test works with. This way the tests are version-ed with the code it tests. This way you could go back in time and build the application and run the tests against it. You will need this if you need to support multiple versions of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The GIT version control system has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeschool.com/courses/try-git&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;free course at code school&lt;/a&gt; to get you started. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team is distributed have a look at online/hosted version control systems like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Github&lt;/a&gt;: only free if your code is public&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bitbucket&lt;/a&gt;: free for small team, not public&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/version-control-vs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Studio online&lt;/a&gt;: free upto 5 users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For local version control systems look at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Local git server: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5507489/git-server-like-github&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5507489/git-server-like-github&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stash: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/stash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.atlassian.com/software/stash&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TFS: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_Foundation_Server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_Foundation_Server&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also why do I need version control? Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/mac/basics/why-use-version-control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt;. (I even use version control when working alone, always!) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T09:33:41.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13973" CreationDate="2015-07-30T09:56:53.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two directions you can take if you want to run the UI test on a Mac with Jenkins:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup a Jenkins slave on the Mac and execute all Jenkins steps on that node. Example blog post: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.samsaodev.com/how-to-setup-a-jenkins-slave-running-mac-osx-for-ios-projects-part-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blog.samsaodev.com/how-to-setup-a-jenkins-slave-running-mac-osx-for-ios-projects-part-1/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup a Selenium Webdriver grid and let Jenkins run the tests on the Mac grid node: &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But Linux can run Firefox WebDriver tests just fine, question if they really need to run on the Mac :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe aslso read: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24685928/selenium-grid-with-cucumber&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24685928/selenium-grid-with-cucumber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T09:56:53.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2015-07-30T11:49:42.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to Niels answer that CI-Servers like Jenkins are the tool of choice for automated test execution (which I strongly support), I like to point out that there are also plugins available for transferring the test results from Jenkins to a full blown test management application for archiving and reporting as well as merging them with other test results as e.g. unit tests or manual test results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example would be the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Klaros-Testmanagement+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins Klaros-Testmanagement Plugin&lt;/a&gt; which adds a Build-Publisher to automatically transfer the results to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.klaros-testmanagement.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Klaros-Testmanagement&lt;/a&gt; which is both available in a free Community Edition as well as a commercially supported version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I am working on both of these implementations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="876" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T11:49:42.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14054" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-30T14:03:30.760" Score="6" ViewCount="358" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.inflectra.com/SpiraTest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SpiraTest&lt;/a&gt;'s&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Selenium Webdriver's&lt;/em&gt; collaboration. My objective - launch a Selenium test written in &lt;em&gt;Java&lt;/em&gt; on &lt;em&gt;Eclipse&lt;/em&gt;. Can the SpiraTest quality management tool &lt;strong&gt;run&lt;/strong&gt; .exe or .bat files and then get the outcome of them to &lt;strong&gt;show test results&lt;/strong&gt;? I've found some information about &lt;em&gt;Spira RemoteLaunch&lt;/em&gt; plug-in, however, the amount of information is meagre and misleading. Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12610" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-02-14T09:05:25.857" LastActivityDate="2020-02-14T09:05:25.857" Title="Integrating Selenium Webdriver tests written in Java to SpiraTest" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14055" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14062" CreationDate="2015-07-30T15:25:52.120" Score="5" ViewCount="1879" Body="&lt;p&gt;So we are a small company, and we have a lot of communication between teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said I am actually the first official QA of the group, and will be starting the QA group and leading the way for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't have a budget for tons of software so I've been making due with Google Sheets. And so far it seems to be working for triage purposes. We will start putting in issues that are still left over (plus new ones), after moving to production, into Jira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this makes sense? I feel weird using just a spreadsheet for this, but it works for us as it's easy to share and is free (which sure doesn't hurt).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I've been laying out my test charters in the first page (don't know if that makes sense, I'm new to the exploratory testing sort of way but it seems to make the most sense for me being the only QA. Large test cases I don't really have &quot;time&quot; for) and then adding subsequent sheets for each &quot;Round&quot; of testing, and anything that wasn't fixed gets moved to the next sheet. Also we use Color Highlighting during the &quot;round of testing&quot; to identify &quot;Fixed Issues - Green&quot; &quot;Ready to Retest - Blue&quot; &quot;New issues - White&quot; and &quot;Failed Retest- Red&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone else use excel sheets a lot for testing/issues? Does it work for you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Side note:&#xA;For columns right now I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Issue #/Bug Type (IE Functional/Error Handling/UI/Steps to Reproduce/Expected/Actual/Severity)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything else that may be helpful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2015-07-30T18:50:59.803" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T12:22:19.370" Title="Issue Tracking Spreadsheet... anything wrong with this?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14055" CreationDate="2015-07-30T15:58:59.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One team, one system. Do not create separate spreadsheets, be transparent instead. I would Keep track of your whole project in a single tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jira is build to be defect/issue tracker. This is what it was original designed for. Just use it! :) Before development for requirements, during development for defects and communication, after development for maintenance requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to separate pre-production defects from productions defects use the version field. Add some ALPHA/BETA versions or maybe a 0.1 version codes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jira can also prioritize issues and you can also add non defect/development tasks into. You can also build custom workflows in Jira for your own new ticket types, this way you can make any workflow you see fit, with unlimited custom fields. It should be able to handle anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T15:58:59.907" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14055" CreationDate="2015-07-30T17:30:31.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working with spreadsheets is not bad and strange, it all depends upon the scope and type of tracking you want to do, if you have a limited scope of test cases, issues and requirements, then you can stick to the excel sheets but in long run you will need some tracker which will make your work a lot easier and will itself perform some of your tasks which do in excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the use of tracker you can create customize reports, track issues to closure, send automated mails to Assigners, Reporters and other stake holders. The most important benefits which you will get with any such trackers are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No one is allowed to bypass the process, only an Assignee can close a task or a coding task must be first reviewed by its reviewer and than it can be sent for testing. This you can achieve with custom workflows.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can link your issues and tasks for creating a better grouping and hierarchy, so that you have a clear view that which development task has how many Coding Defects, Bugs and Requirement Issues linked to it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With the thoughtful use of tracker, you even don't need to maintain a separate sheet for the RTM, same can be done over the tracker and it will again save your time and effort from maintaining 1 more document.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Having a history and comments section, which is not that easy to see and maintain in excel sheets. No need to worry about the version of tasks and issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Track down the estimated effort and the effort being spent over a task, as such calculations are done by trackers automatically&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More than that it will give you an actual feel that you are working in a processed manner and task is moving from start to complete phase by its own (this may sound little non-technical but this too is important factor). Once you use a tracker you will know it's features and importance in your day-to-day work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working with different SDLC models and adapting your issues according to that model with in no time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All the team members will see the same data (although it can be controlled through security configuration) and have their own access, thus no need to maintain separate sheets for different group of peoples.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these features are well provided by JIRA and its a good tool to use and work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end, there is no tool now-a-days that doesn't supports MS Excel, so you can always Export and Import issues from the tracker into an excel sheet and then create your own charts and reports (Pivot table) easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T17:30:31.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11999" CreationDate="2015-07-30T18:35:35.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It may be of some help to you. We have once done the same thing in one of our project where we had to test &lt;strong&gt;USSD&lt;/strong&gt; (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data) and &lt;strong&gt;SMS&lt;/strong&gt; (Short Message Service) using the &lt;strong&gt;SMPP&lt;/strong&gt; (Short Message Peer-to-Peer) protocols. Goal was to find a break-point where the CPU usage goes above 80% and Memory usage goes above 70%, for this we had to put load over the application with tones of &lt;strong&gt;SMS&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;USSD&lt;/strong&gt; codes being fired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have used the tool &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumsoftware.com/user-guide.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SMPPSIM&lt;/a&gt; for this purpose, it provides the functionality of sending and receiving lots of &lt;strong&gt;SMS&lt;/strong&gt; using the &lt;strong&gt;SMPP&lt;/strong&gt; protocols. The only challenge was its configuration which took a lot time for me and my colleague to complete, for the &lt;strong&gt;USSD&lt;/strong&gt; part we used both &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;SMPPSIM&lt;/strong&gt;. Application has complete tree-node structure defined for purchasing products like buying a message pack which can be accessed via &lt;strong&gt;USSD&lt;/strong&gt; code &lt;strong&gt;*111*12*3#&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(for example, this code is pointing to a product which can be purchased via USSD call)&lt;/em&gt;. JMeter simulated load with &lt;strong&gt;500&lt;/strong&gt; concurrent users running for Forever &lt;strong&gt;(Loop Count = Infinite)&lt;/strong&gt; and then hitting the web interface of &lt;strong&gt;SMPPSIM&lt;/strong&gt; which in turn was calling the &lt;strong&gt;USSD&lt;/strong&gt; code &lt;strong&gt;*111*12*3#&lt;/strong&gt; through different mobile numbers &lt;em&gt;(test numbers)&lt;/em&gt; passed via CSV files to &lt;strong&gt;SMPPSIM&lt;/strong&gt; and then buying &lt;strong&gt;1000s&lt;/strong&gt; of products simultaneously which increases load over the server to find the breakpoints. From the SMPPSIM and application logs we used to calculate that how many SMS and USSD products got success and how many got failed to deliver &amp;amp; check-out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The irony of the solution was it took several days in its configuration &lt;em&gt;(as everything was being configured over Linux servers and I didn't have knowledge of working over black screens with Linux commands)&lt;/em&gt;, but it worked and served our purpose well. After that we presented report got the application performance tuned and released the project successfully. I will suggest you too to use the &lt;strong&gt;SMPPSIM&lt;/strong&gt; but first need to do a little study about the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T18:35:35.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2015-07-30T18:56:33.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe TestRail can be edited to be able to spin off automated tests within the TestRail site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.gurock.com/testrail-custom/automation-trigger&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.gurock.com/testrail-custom/automation-trigger&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2015-07-30T18:56:33.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2015-07-31T02:30:42.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to have a look at Open source options, here is a comprehensive link of such test management tools &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/testmgt.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Test Management Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T02:30:42.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14061" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14065" CreationDate="2015-07-31T05:23:41.773" Score="1" ViewCount="5253" Body="&lt;p&gt;My application is developed using .Net and now I need to automate this application using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, please guide me which Selenium jar and IDE I have to use to do automation.&#xA;I know, for Java application I will use Eclipse and Selenium Java jars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So can use Eclipse with Selenium C# jars for my .Net application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12861" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-31T08:15:36.563" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T10:12:00.367" Title="Can I use Eclipse for .Net application with Selenium jars?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14055" CreationDate="2015-07-31T05:28:35.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/3201/niels-van-reijmersdal&quot;&gt;Niels van Reijmersdal&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/12541/dhiman&quot;&gt;Dhiman&lt;/a&gt; already mentioned the most important point. I'd like to give a look into my experience as my situation was quite similar to yours now some years ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm on a small freetime project (a browser game) and in the past years we tried to build up at a QA too which is a bit more problematic with only users who do the &quot;work&quot; in their freetime and are not teached into testing / QA. We also tried several ways to handle our issues from sheets over different issue trackers (sheets [excle and google], self written php/mysql page, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mantisbt.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mantis bugtracker&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.redmine.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;redmine&lt;/a&gt;). In this post I will also havbe a look into &lt;a href=&quot;https://de.atlassian.com/software/jira&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JIRA&lt;/a&gt; (was used in my university bachelor project first) and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/de/de/software-solutions/application-lifecycle-management.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HP QC/ALM&lt;/a&gt; (we use in the company I work for).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sheets / self written small PHP/MySQL-&quot;Tracker&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The first things we tried was using sheets and a small webpage for tracking open issues. For the beginning it was okay just to collect the issues and have a list of it. As you we used several colors to identify the status of issues. The advantages are clear: No / Low cost and available to all without real work. But quite fast we moved away from this for the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not much space for descriptions &amp;lt;-&gt; Loosing track of the issues due heavy descriptions. Always moving the cells to show / hide the descriptions and so on or have several related documents to see the details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No history of issues. That was the most important point why we moved away. We could'nt track the history of an issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bad search to e.g. look if a bug already tracked&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No syncronisation (at the beginning, using excle sheets)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No privilidges for different users to change status etc. (Everyone could edit anything)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No work flow &quot;restrictions&quot; (Even if we had a defined workflow you could change the status as you wanted and skip phases, e.g. by changing the fields to &quot;Closed&quot; and noone would notice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would advise you too use an issue tracker instead of sheets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue trackers&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;We then moved to &lt;em&gt;mantis bugtracker&lt;/em&gt;. It was a huge step for us to have a good look at the tickets, privilidges to seperate at least some actions to different users. We could define a small work flow for issue status. But after some time one of us got in contact with redmine and two people (one QA at his work, one learned software engineer) tried it in a test instance. After only a few hours we know that we want to change because we could define the workflow, user groups and priviledges very detailed. We could define own fields, integrate version control, had a better handling (e.g. changig the status of multiple tickets at once) and much more. As there was also an import plugin to import from mantis to redmine we could take over our tracked issues. Okay we got some trouble because we moved from ISO to UTF8 and the status could not be exactly transmuted but it was quite good and saved us to import the issues manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The comparison between &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt; is like two people arguing about the car they want to drive. The one wants a green car type A while the other one wants a blue car type B. What I want to say this this: The difference between them isn't huge. But for my personal I like redmine more as I think keeping track of issues is much easier and the administration and workflow definitons too - or short I think redmine is more powerful. I got in contact with &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; at my university bachelor project and we had the problem that I was the 11th person in our team. But JIRA had only 10 free license at this point (some years ago, maybe changed). So I showed the team manager and one of the &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; administrator our &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt; project and hold a presentation what they could to with &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt; - there were some points they had problems with in &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; which they could do in &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt; easily but I don't remember them, sorry. After the presentation the admin installed &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt;, moved the issues from &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; to it and we used &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt; from them on and could save the money for further licenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As already said there are no huge differeces but I think redmine is more flexible and it's free of charge regardless how many users you have. You wrote in your question that you already have &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; so you I assume you have a server for it. Then you would also have a server for &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt; and no need to spend money for it. I don't know how large your team is but if it will grow you may get in trouble with &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; licenses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you would be open source (what I don't think as you spoke about company) github with the build in issue tracker would be a free alternative too, but it is not so powerfull like &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A side note on &lt;em&gt;HP QC/ALM&lt;/em&gt;. As it's quite expensive it won't come into focus at all but in my experience it can only plays its strenght if you use all aspects (requirements, issue tracking, testing) of it. Just for the issue tracking I really don't like it because of the handling. I don't think this would be a viable investment for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Yeah this answer sounds like a payed commercial for &lt;em&gt;redmine&lt;/em&gt; but it's just a short summary of my experience keeping issues tracked in small teams with no or limited money. If you are happy with &lt;em&gt;JIRA&lt;/em&gt; use it. But if I understand your comments right you are in testing phase at this moment. May you could give redmine another try to have a look on which tool is better suited for you - maybe you don't see a difference at the beginning / all but I think this comes with the detailed requirement of your team to the tool. Would probably to broad for this here, e.g. on my freetime game we don't use the &quot;expected time effort&quot; tracking of redmine but in my university we had to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would emphasize the posts of Niels van Reijmersdal and Dhiman that you should use a tracking tool instead of spreadsheets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T05:28:35.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14061" CreationDate="2015-07-31T07:57:01.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could, but you shouldn't. You can just create tests in Visual Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nuget.org/packages/Selenium.WebDriver/2.47.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium NuGet packages&lt;/a&gt; and write the tests in C#.&#xA;This beats having two development envs, one for the app and one for the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an getting started guide: &lt;a href=&quot;http://automatetheplanet.com/getting-started-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://automatetheplanet.com/getting-started-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or this older one without the NuGet package, but the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dotnet download&lt;/a&gt; from SeleniumHQ: &lt;a href=&quot;http://james-prescott.com/2014/02/01/tutorial-setting-up-selenium-webdriver-visual-studio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://james-prescott.com/2014/02/01/tutorial-setting-up-selenium-webdriver-visual-studio/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T07:57:01.447" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14061" CreationDate="2015-07-31T10:12:00.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I'm getting from your description of problem is that you have a website developed in C# and need to test it. If you're thinking of writing tests, using Selenium, then it shouldn't matter which language your website is developed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have a website developed in C# and still use Python/Java code to write Selenium scripts and then test it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the best features of this tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can use the latest version of any IDE (Eclipse, PyCharm), use the Selenium bindings ( Java jars for Eclipse, Python bindings for Pycharm), and start writing your test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answer to your question :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't use C# Selenium bindings in Eclipse, but you can use Java jars in Eclipse, to test your website, which is developed in C#.&#xA;However if you want to still use C# to write test cases, then you can use C# bindings in Visual Studio to do so (I think Niels has explained it in detail).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T10:12:00.367" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8508" CreationDate="2015-07-31T14:23:18.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;White Box Testing In The Absence of Functional Requirements&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, lacking requirements, we read the system code to attempt to discern what it was supposed to do, and then write tests based on that knowledge.  This can arise when someone is asked to automate tests for a legacy system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a place for white box testing, but it is not a substitute for actually knowing what the system is supposed to do.  White box testing without a knowledge of actual requirements also risks enshrining system logic errors in your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative (aside from getting some requirements) is to use &lt;em&gt;comparator tests&lt;/em&gt;.  You run two versions of a system using the same inputs and then compare the outputs.  This kind of test is less precise than a functional test; if the outputs do not match, you know something has changed, but you do not know whether the change represents a new bug, a correct bug fix or intentional feature change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T14:23:18.013" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-07-31T14:23:18.013" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14068" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-31T15:12:15.813" Score="-3" ViewCount="2000" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where can I download TestNG-6.8.5 JavaDoc Jar file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12867" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-08-02T16:30:33.193" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T16:30:33.193" Title="Where can I download TestNG-6.8.5 JavaDoc Jar file?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-08-04T15:08:26.137" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14068" CreationDate="2015-07-31T15:37:52.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can download the same from the location&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://search.maven.org/#artifactdetails%7Corg.testng%7Ctestng%7C6.8.5%7Cjar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://search.maven.org/#artifactdetails%7Corg.testng%7Ctestng%7C6.8.5%7Cjar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T15:37:52.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14071" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14073" CreationDate="2015-07-31T16:11:07.107" Score="-4" ViewCount="4948" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where can I download Selenium-2.47 or Selenium-2.47 JavaDoc Jar file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12868" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:46:15.880" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:46:15.880" Title="Where can I download Selenium-2.47 Jar files?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-08-04T15:08:17.810" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12564" CreationDate="2015-07-31T16:37:30.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are not using the &lt;strong&gt;Include Controller&lt;/strong&gt; in a right way, it is required to use &lt;strong&gt;Test Fragment&lt;/strong&gt; in your Included test plan which is missing in the example provided by you. Without the use of &lt;strong&gt;Test Fragment&lt;/strong&gt; your &lt;strong&gt;Include Controller&lt;/strong&gt; will not get executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer to the mentioned links for &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Include_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Include Controller&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Fragment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Fragment&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-manage-large-jmeter-scripts-jmeter-test-fragments&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-manage-large-jmeter-scripts-jmeter-test-fragments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T16:37:30.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14071" CreationDate="2015-07-31T16:49:43.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Selenium download page contains both a link to Selenium and the JavaDoc: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The download page also links to the Maven locations: &lt;a href=&quot;http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-server/2.47.1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-server/2.47.1/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T16:49:43.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14074" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-07-31T16:51:51.557" Score="2" ViewCount="890" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have a test case where user clicks on a button to send an e-mail and user's default e-mail client opens up. In my case I am using outlook as my default e-mail client. What would be the best way to automate this flow. I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the GEB framework&lt;/a&gt; and I have never automated any external component before. It would be great if someone could atleast point me to the right direction to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12872" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-07-31T17:19:21.157" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T09:50:08.643" Title="Identifying and sending an e-mail in outlook using Geb-Groovy framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14074" CreationDate="2015-07-31T16:59:55.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With web-automation frameworks you cannot test beyond the browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Auto-IT&lt;/a&gt; can be triggered (with &lt;code&gt;Process.Start()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Exec()&lt;/code&gt;) from the test to do an action that needs input from the operating system outside of the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case I wonder if just checking the button has the correct &quot;mailto:&quot; link would not be enough. The browser &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mailto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mailto: system&lt;/a&gt; always fires up the default browser. You may expect that the operation system supplier has tested that this works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T16:59:55.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14074" CreationDate="2015-07-31T17:43:44.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are probably two parts to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing every condition that triggers launching an email client.&lt;/strong&gt;  I would use a web-based email client for this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing the logic that launches email clients.&lt;/strong&gt;  Since there are lots of possible clients, and you can't drive these with a web automation framework, I recommend testing this by hand.  If this logic is not expected to change often, it may not make sense to spend money writing/maintaining automated tests for it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-07-31T17:43:44.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9377" CreationDate="2015-07-31T20:36:44.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;See, JMeter is a performance testing tool which generates load over the application and thus provides the Response Time. Like any other Load testing tool, it too never launches browser physically, it will just place calls to the application server based on the HTTP requests which are there in your script. You will not see 1 or 10 browser instances running, only calls getting places to the application can be seen in the log file of server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter WebDriver should be used to evaluate a real-life user experience. It is meant to measure the load times of pages when the system is experiencing high loads. The HTTP Request doesn’t really “render” the page and it can’t execute JavaScript. That’s why the WebDriver Sampler is so valuable - JMeter isn’t a browser and it overcomes limitations posed by this fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, don’t use the WebDriver Sampler to create the load! You’ll need around 1 CPU core per virtual user to keep the JMeter resource consumption within an acceptable range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The scenario i want to do is, I want all the 10 users to login at the&#xA;  same time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This you can do with JMeter, you can generate load but not multiple instances of FF, for this you need to create a test plan in JMeter and using that your all 10 users will be able to login to the application as concurrent users (based on your test plan configuration). For this task you can refer to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter-Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is recommended to keep the value of Thread Group = 1, when you are using &quot;jp@gc - Web Driver Sampler&quot; script.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter allows the creation of multiple threads, and each thread is responsible for creating load on the server. However, for the Web Driver use case, the user should be prudent in the number of threads they will create as each thread will have a single browser instance associated with it. Each browser consumes a significant amount of resources, and a limit should be placed on how many browsers the user should create. However, the load testing cloud providers may help to scale WebDriver test up to thousands of real browsers, look at BlazeMeter for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;From experience, the number of browser (threads) that the reader creates should be limited by the following formula:&#xA;&#xA;C = N + 1&#xA;&#xA;where C = Number of Cores of the host running the test and N = Number of Browser (threads).&#xA;&#xA;e.g., if the current reader's host has 4 cores, the formula would yield:&#xA;&#xA;4 = 3 + 1&#xA;&#xA;meaning that the script should have a MAXIMUM of 3 threads.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T17:03:09.787" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T17:03:09.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14071" CreationDate="2015-08-01T11:52:09.757" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can download directly from Selenium side&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;select Version which would you like to want download.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java    2.47.1  2015-07-29  Download    Change log      Javadoc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12879" LastActivityDate="2015-08-01T11:52:09.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14083" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-08-02T05:17:22.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://HP%20Unified%20Functional%20Testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP Unified Functional Testing&lt;/a&gt; is a software testing solution by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hewlett-Packard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Main features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate testing of GUI and API's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Powerful visual user experience and toolset&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy conversion of manual tests to automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration with HP Business Process Testing and HP Application Lifecycle Management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Previous versions name &lt;em&gt;Quick Test Pro&lt;/em&gt;, or short QTP,  (&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/hp-qtp&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;hp-qtp&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;hp-qtp&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-02T16:30:17.957" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T16:30:17.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14084" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-08-02T05:17:22.807" Score="0" Body="HP Unified Functional Testing software provides functional and regression test automation for software applications and environments. It supports keyword and scripting interfaces and features a graphical user interface." OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-02T16:30:02.817" LastActivityDate="2015-08-02T16:30:02.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14085" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-02T14:16:35.123" Score="0" ViewCount="1505" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for complex test cases that will challenge my WebDriver Java skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have such an example? Links? Own test cases that has put your automation skills to the test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T18:34:07.887" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T19:09:48.753" Title="Where to find complex test scripts using Selenium/WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-09T08:50:25.177" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14086" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14123" CreationDate="2015-08-03T05:13:09.953" Score="6" ViewCount="3431" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to create a test plan for one website which is of medium size. I have got many test plan templates from the internet but those are too lengthy and perfect for testing team and big websites. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I am a little confused about what should I remove and what I need to add in that predefined test plan template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is there any perfect test plan template which I can use for one website and I am the only tester. In future, I will have to follow the same plan. So I need a test plan template which is enough for one tester and medium website testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; I will customize test plan according to website specification but for starting I need generic template which suit above need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2019-05-17T14:10:17.940" LastActivityDate="2019-05-17T14:10:17.940" Title="How to create test plan when there is one website and one tester" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5505" CreationDate="2015-08-03T05:39:12.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug Tracker lets you stay on top of everything to do with your project or tasks, but sometimes your stories need a little something extra.Fortunately when some of our customers feel that way, they share the results. Here’s a roundup of recent test related Third Party Tools to help you make the most of your bugs in Tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12514" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T05:39:12.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14086" CreationDate="2015-08-03T06:43:11.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Medium size web application,you can write a test plan from the Software testing help , in which all description wise all field name is displayed and also one sample of test plan is also displayed, you can use it, from the below Link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/how-to-write-test-plan-document-software-testing-training-day3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/how-to-write-test-plan-document-software-testing-training-day3/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T06:43:11.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7724" CreationDate="2015-08-03T06:58:48.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for itcentralstation.com, a review site for enterprise tech solutions. I found this review for HP Quality Center where the reviewer writes that the solution has bindings with HP QTP which is a test automation tool, with the addition of BPT (Business Process Testing). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some additional excerpts from the review regarding improvements to the users organization and how the solution could be improved:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP QC makes it easier to maintain the scripts and also organize them into various business areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A comprehensive solution aiming for total Test management. It has bindings with HP QTP which is a test automation tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Backup strategy is lacking in QC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though we can create QC project files to create a backup, there is size limitation when you restore the backup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itcentralstation.com/product_reviews/hp-quality-center-review-32263-by-prashanth-janakiraman?tid=thread-cm008-t017&amp;amp;cop=8136&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.itcentralstation.com/product_reviews/hp-quality-center-review-32263-by-prashanth-janakiraman?tid=thread-cm008-t017&amp;amp;cop=8136&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12889" LastEditorUserId="12824" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T12:18:14.997" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T12:18:14.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-03T08:52:29.450" Score="5" ViewCount="1762" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have learnt that a &quot;Scrum Master&quot; is the one who facilitates the &quot;continuous improvement&quot; process during a Sprint retrospective. From my experience, the retrospective leads to improving the (testing) process itself, depending on the need of the team. That said, is it beneficial for a manual tester to go for Scrum Master certification? &#xA;I understand that it is always good to learn new things, new methodologies. But, can a manual tester be a Scrum Master? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a similar question on the below link. however, I was not convinced and my focus is more on Certified Scrum master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your time!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7069/qa-as-scrum-master&quot;&gt;QA as Scrum Master&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7486" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:44:15.343" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:45:05.913" Title="Scrum Master certification for manual tester? Boon or not?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14562" CreationDate="2015-08-03T08:52:33.923" Score="6" ViewCount="50784" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I wait for element to be clickable in Selenium WebDriver? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I execute my tests in Firefox or Internet Explorer I have no problems, but when I try to run it on Chrome, I get an element is not clickable error when I try to click on the submit button. I tried with verifying that the  element is there and it is visible and enabled. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please give your answers in C#. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12890" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T14:36:46.580" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T07:18:09.617" Title="How to wait for element to be clickable in WebDriver with C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7724" CreationDate="2015-08-03T09:07:42.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt; for several years (8-10) now. And are currently planning to fully switch to &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; in the next 1 1/2 year. As &lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; is used by all developers and testers (Scrum) now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me working with &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt; always was overall unpleasant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Crashes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes lost test step data while writing the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Strange formating&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pro&lt;/strong&gt;'s about &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can make custom workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good for requirement based development with workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External user access with limitation on what they can see&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cons&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Old / outdated (Though I have seen a HTML5 client of it, maybe that one&#xA;works better)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also orignally made for not agile development I guess&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Crashes / bug / quirks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;TFS&lt;/em&gt; - As we are still writing our testplans in &lt;em&gt;QC&lt;/em&gt;, I can not say too much about testing with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12765" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-03T11:01:49.377" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T11:01:49.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14093" CreationDate="2015-08-03T09:08:33.527" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anybody can be the Scrum Master, just make sure the Scrum Master has no other conflict of interest roles as Product Owner, Manager or Stakeholder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I think testers have the potential to be great Scrum Masters, because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers discover problems/defects, but often do not demand a certain solution. Its up-to-the owners of the issue to find the best solution. This places us already in a sort of &lt;strong&gt;servant leader&lt;/strong&gt; situation, which could lead to team to accept findings from a tester more easily than from a manager or a co-developer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on &lt;strong&gt;quality&lt;/strong&gt;, also in processes. As testers often have a broader role. From requirements till deployment. Getting people out of their silos might be easier if you understand the full process end2end.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Continuous improvement&lt;/strong&gt; should already by a part of your job, how do you prevent defects from reoccurring. This could also be applied to other parts of the SDLC.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers should be better at &lt;strong&gt;communication&lt;/strong&gt; with different roles than for example developers. Since they have more interaction when escalating quality issues and or trying to reproduce issues. Testers should be able to communicate with Users, Managers, Developer and Stakeholders in their own language. Where most developers are just too technical and traditional project managers are not at all technical.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just somethings that come to mind. Getting the certification might be a good reason for a team to let you try the Scrum Master role for a while in an existing team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your company already uses Scrum doing the certification is a good idea anyway. &lt;strong&gt;Understanding and improving your Scrum knowledge is good for any member of a Scrum team, I would advise anyone on a Scrum team to do a training, read a good Scrum book and or do the certifications.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:44:51.697" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:44:51.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14094" CreationDate="2015-08-03T09:25:20.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may caused by any web elements which is overlapping with submit button. For an example, you have clicked on a dropdown and item lists are long so it may over lap the submit button. FireFox and IE can click on the submit button in this scenario but chrome can not.&#xA;You can scroll to the submit button and click on it.&#xA;you can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By locator));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12891" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T04:20:52.967" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T04:20:52.967" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-03T09:28:21.183" Score="0" ViewCount="7206" Body="&lt;p&gt;My code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot;&#xA;       placeholder=&quot;Label&quot;&#xA;       class=&quot;other[] form-control&quot;&#xA;       name=&quot;projectsurvey[1438590696705][choosekey][1438590696705][]&quot; &#xA;       value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;code&gt;name projectsurvey[changes][choosekey][changes]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using this to try to find the item: &lt;code&gt;xpath(&quot;//*[starts-with(@name,'projectsurvey','choosekey')])&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The firebug xpath is showing like this : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*[@id=&quot;choice1438590696705&quot;]/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the firebug xpath changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[@id=&quot;choice143.......&quot;]/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I find this element by xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other way to find this element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12892" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-06T11:14:45.833" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T06:37:40.820" Title="How to find element with dynamic names in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13967" CreationDate="2015-08-03T12:00:47.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;        Please check this attached image.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/H8OJy.png&amp;lt;br&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/H8OJy.png&amp;lt;br&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/R2ciS.png&amp;lt;br&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/R2ciS.png&amp;lt;br&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I making some mistake to get the output. Can you explain me how to add RegEx in my TestPlan &amp;amp; please point out where have i went wrong. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7979" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T12:00:47.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14093" CreationDate="2015-08-03T12:01:56.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Niels van Reijmersdal already pointed out anybody can be Scrum Master as long as there is no conflict of interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But personally I wouldn't do a certification for Scrum Master - if I want to be a tester and scrum master. Better invest the time and money in certified (&lt;strong&gt;agile&lt;/strong&gt;) tester course IMHO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumguides.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can also find a scrum guide - quite short though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you already are working in the scrum and have some experience with it, you could ask your current Scrum Master if it would be possible to let you try this role for one or two sprints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12765" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:45:05.913" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:45:05.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14098" CreationDate="2015-08-03T13:56:08.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use 'contains' :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[contains(@name, 'projectsurvey[143') and contains(@name, 'choosekey][143')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12784" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T13:56:08.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14098" CreationDate="2015-08-03T17:14:21.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had more complicated situation, even 'contains' was not enough. I got list of all elements of type (find by TAG_NAME), then looped over the list to find elements of interest by parts of id and class name. I had even to find matching pairs of  elements with parts of name generated dynamically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of flexible list processing in Python, it was not too hard. I try to avoid XPATH: real programming language like Python, which I already know, gives me more flexibility and is easier to maintain, than cryptic and obscure XPATH expressions. YMMV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T17:14:21.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14103" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-03T17:36:53.433" Score="1" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I'm newbie to Quality Assurance.I'm going through some problem that the developers are leaving the email traces in the websites deployed live. We are only knowing about it when an employee leaves and his/her email starts to bounce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, for instance, Bishant just left the company &amp;amp; his email is deleted and now we get “Mail delivery failure” notifications from a website that was deployed over 2 years ago.&#xA;Normally what developers do is for testing purpose they add their email address in site configurartion page or some time in code as well(which is very bad practice). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to make sure that there should not be such email addresses in the system.As a QA Engineer from my side what will be the strategies to get rid of this issue in future&#xA;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12902" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T11:30:38.137" Title="Prevent testing email in production" Tags="&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14104" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14107" CreationDate="2015-08-03T17:46:19.847" Score="4" ViewCount="920" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should release management accept anything less than 100% pass on automated tests?  Is a 97% pass on automated tests a typical thing or is it a sign of test automation problems that need to be fixed?  If you get less than a 100% pass, how do you get release operations to look at the report and consider the test results when all they do is complain that the tests failed?   What do other companies do when they have tests suites that do not run perfectly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am hoping for an answer that provides insight on how I should tackle this problem. Should I spend more time on perfecting tests or should I spend time educating people to read the accurate test reports and make educated estimates?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T22:11:49.687" Title="Should release management accept anything less than 100% pass on automated tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14103" CreationDate="2015-08-03T17:53:17.847" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best and easiest way to do this kind of testing and to get rid of this issue is to have a test email ID like 'DemoTest@domain.com', and use this email ID for your and developer's testing purposes, i.e. where ever in system you need to enter the email ID use this one and proceed further, by this way your problem of mail bounce will get resolved regardless of any person is in company or not, this email ID will always remain active. Secondly, you can keep credentials of this email ID with you (QA person), Developer (Technical Lead) and PM (Project Manager), so that there are no dependency issues. In this case even if anyone of you leave the project or company then your work will go on.&#xA;Remember this test email ID can be of your company or any other email provider like Gmail, yahoo etc. But for security reasons I will suggest to have test email ID of your company only this will allow better security of data. you can get one created from client as well, so that they receive such mails from production server.&#xA;Another thing you must know that adding personal email ID in code and configuration is bad practice, especially when that code needs to be deployed to production server. At that time, you should highlight this issue as well. As a member of QA team you are not only responsible for bugs and testing but the overall quality and health of the project, which is being hampered by this activity. Make this part of your checklist that either you or deployment team needs to check that there is no personal email ID in application after deployment which belongs to your organization. If there is any, then replace it with your TestDemo email ID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-08T11:30:38.137" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T11:30:38.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14104" CreationDate="2015-08-03T18:01:20.260" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should spend more time understanding your application and importance of different features. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not make sense to postpone important release, which delivers important new features which give you advantage over competition because of a bug in some obscure feature which rarely anyone uses. But you would not want to knowingly release software with bug which can compromise safety of people or their lives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When our tests do not run perfectly, we follow the same triage process: investigate the bug, how big a problem it is for how many users, find any workarounds if possible, and assess the danger of new bugs created by fixing this one, then put the bug in the pipeline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that tests are programs, and therefore can contain bugs: reporting bug when there is none, and non reporting when bug is present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course regression bugs have usually higher priority, because they should be easier to fix, and they deliver functionality users expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-08-03T22:11:49.687" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T22:11:49.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14104" CreationDate="2015-08-03T18:11:14.033" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two sides of this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Your result is not 100% because there is an issue with the Automation test designed by you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is the problem, then definitely you need to improve your automated test cases, so that they execute perfectly (not in terms of approach) but in terms of requirement and coverage. Once they are corrected your result will be 100% and same will be reflected in your reports which can then be shared with the release management team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Now the other part is 'Is there a problem with your application, which is throwing some errors because of which result is not 100%'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this situation normally we refer to the test plan or the SLA which should be there in the contract. &lt;strong&gt;Test plan&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;SLA&lt;/strong&gt; (shared with management and client) should provide you the value that under which release is acceptable like in our case one of the client which I worked has clearly said that anything below &lt;strong&gt;100%&lt;/strong&gt; is not acceptable (whether it is related to functionality, UI or Language requirement). Hence for us until all test cases are passed we never give a &lt;strong&gt;'GO'&lt;/strong&gt; for the release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, something should also be there is your case formal or informal communication, if your test plan says than with &lt;strong&gt;'Low'&lt;/strong&gt; priority bugs and above &lt;strong&gt;95%&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;strong&gt;Quality index&lt;/strong&gt; (i.e. passed test cases) your application is ready for deployment then, you are good to go and there you need to highlight this thing in your Test Report and Release notes (if any) and communicate the same to the release management team too. At this point you will need to educate them that your pass criteria matches the agreed upon condition and so it is a Green light. Create your report in same way where on first look the impression goes that you are meeting the agreed &lt;strong&gt;SLA&lt;/strong&gt; and hence, further explanation may not be required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, if your test plan or SLA says it should be 100% then you can't go ahead. This time you will hold on the release and inform the client about the condition that you have 97% pass and 3% fail (with details), then let him decide, because sometimes for meeting the deadline you can compromise over 1 small feature but rest of the X-1 features should work perfectly fine, which will change your &lt;strong&gt;97% to 100%&lt;/strong&gt;, but keep this decision with Client or Management as you should not delay the release from your end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T18:11:14.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14103" CreationDate="2015-08-03T19:25:09.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Emails and any other &quot;magic strings&quot; should be in configuration, and might be set differently for development, testing, and production. Even better, don't put individual emails there but mailing list. Then all members can react, and if any one member is on vacation, answer is not left in the limbo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-08-03T19:25:09.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9259" CreationDate="2015-08-04T06:57:11.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have recently launched &lt;a href=&quot;http://backtrac.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://backtrac.io&lt;/a&gt; project that also allows you to run set of screenshots and compare them. One of main features right now is ability to compare your production and staging environments. In this way you can see what is going to be changed very efficiently and in this way catch bugs early.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12909" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T06:57:11.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14112" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-04T07:06:43.673" Score="0" ViewCount="9443" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is with respect to one API &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;IP&amp;gt;empcbdb/index.php/emp/PRO10&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PRO10 is the emp ID which gives me accurate data for that particular employee in response as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;PRO10&quot;,&quot;firstName&quot;:&quot;Gandalf&quot;,&quot;lastName&quot;:&quot;The Gray&quot;,&quot;dateOfJoining&quot;:&quot;2006-02-13&quot;,&quot;totalExperience&quot;:&quot;10 years&quot;,&quot;designation&quot;:&quot;Senior Tech Lead&quot;,&quot;team&quot;:&quot;Lame List&quot;,&quot;salary&quot;:125000,&quot;remarks&quot;:&quot;NA&quot;,&quot;performance&quot;:&quot;B&quot;}&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to verify data for 100 employees using Jmeter. Can someone please help me figure out how it can be done in Jmeter? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The API is generated from CouchBase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know any further information is needed from my end. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12910" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T16:15:12.933" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T16:15:12.933" Title="API testing using jmeter: How to verify the response data of 100 different employees" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14113" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14116" CreationDate="2015-08-04T08:05:40.207" Score="5" ViewCount="24310" Body="&lt;p&gt;What kind of syntax is it possible to use in HP-ALM string filtering?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example something like this: &lt;code&gt;*accounts?*(error|enter)*&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ipEZc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ipEZc.png&quot; alt=&quot;HP-ALM defects pane&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T10:18:22.077" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T14:59:08.840" Title="How to filter defects / requirements by summary / name in HP-ALM with regexp-like syntax?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14114" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-04T08:40:07.350" Score="1" ViewCount="611" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to automate the testing for a web application. No manual test cases are available. The application mainly shows graphs of consumption(Kendo Charts).&#xA;What can I check to determine whether the test has failed or passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T11:07:45.160" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T12:03:16.577" Title="What items to check for test case to pass in Selenium automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14114" CreationDate="2015-08-04T09:15:52.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know does Kendo Charts have html structure, but if they do, You can check on the first place visibility of components on every chart (if they aren't visible, than test fail), if there is possibility to get values of charts You can prepare charts with custom values, get the charts attributes and compare it to given data (if values are different that given ones than test fail).&#xA;Another think is You should do this on different browsers, and so: Firefox it's let's say out of the box with selenium,  but You can check it on Chrome, and if You want to play a little bit more ambitious, You can setup selenium Grid and try to run for example Internet Explorer on virtual machine of windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in ideas other people, because this can be nice case :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T09:15:52.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14113" CreationDate="2015-08-04T09:28:52.447" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there are only locigal conditions and wildcards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe if you have a description like &lt;code&gt;This is my test-ticket&lt;/code&gt; you can search for it with something like &lt;code&gt;*test*&lt;/code&gt;. This works like if you use the SQL-Statement &lt;code&gt;LIKE&lt;/code&gt; with a front and a back &lt;code&gt;%&lt;/code&gt;. So &lt;code&gt;test*&lt;/code&gt; would not find the example as it does not start with &lt;code&gt;test&lt;/code&gt;. Same with &lt;code&gt;*test&lt;/code&gt; as there are characters behind it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have whitespace in your search you have to put it into double quotes ( &lt;code&gt;&quot;&lt;/code&gt;) like this: &lt;code&gt;&quot;*my test*&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you can combine those terms with &lt;code&gt;and&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;or&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;(&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;)&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;NOT&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt; (see list in the select filter condition dialog).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there are not more regExs but I'm not sure. I didn't find anything in the documentation about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-06T06:42:49.167" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T06:42:49.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14114" CreationDate="2015-08-04T09:51:44.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is totally depends on your requirement and based on that you can decide that if test is pass or fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally you can verify following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Correctness of data which graph represents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Graph layout in different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Ensure that if data changed then is it reflecting in graph or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - If there are multiple types of chart then verify all one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Finally as I told depth testing can be done based on requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest that do not use automation for this type of testing. Better to use manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T12:00:44.347" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T12:00:44.347" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14114" CreationDate="2015-08-04T10:47:21.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless there is specific interactions with the charts, don't test the charts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automatic testing of charts is very hard to maintain, certainly when you update the library. In this case expect the supplier of the charting library to test the chart rendering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe test that one chart is shown correctly to test that the library is implemented correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its more valuable to test the data that is feeded to the charts. The data is what counts. For a webapplication I would expect the data is fed with a web-service call, see if you can test the calls and their output instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-04T12:03:16.577" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T12:03:16.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14086" CreationDate="2015-08-04T11:12:43.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So is there any perfect test plan template which I can use for one website and I am only tester&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think you will find this perfect test plan on the web. It is upon you to modify the closest one to suit to your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found this website to be extremely helpful which searching for artifacts/resources related to SW Testing :&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vietnamesetestingboard.org/zbxe/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Vietnamese Testing Board&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search for the test plan and then go to the FILE tab in the search results, you'll find a lot of good documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T11:12:43.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14112" CreationDate="2015-08-04T13:33:34.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First way&lt;/strong&gt; is to use the &lt;strong&gt;Assertions&lt;/strong&gt; in your script for validating the output data. In your case I will suggest you to use the &lt;strong&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/strong&gt; and pass the matching criteria from a &lt;strong&gt;CSV file&lt;/strong&gt;, using '&lt;strong&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/strong&gt;' configuration element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you will mention &lt;code&gt;${firstName}&lt;/code&gt; in the response assertion, and the CSV file should be containing the values of FirstName for all 100 employees (this list you can get from the Database and save it as a CSV file), but this list should be in same sequence as the list which is there in your input CSV file. So you will have 2 CSV files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CSV 1&lt;/strong&gt; : for feeding your script for 100 users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CSV 2&lt;/strong&gt; : Firstname of users which is the list of &lt;strong&gt;Expected&lt;/strong&gt; result&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now variable in the response assertion will pick value from the 'CSV 2' file and compare it with the actual result which will be there in the response of the execution (as you have shown). If both matches (Actual Result same as Expected Result) then Assertion is &lt;strong&gt;Pass&lt;/strong&gt;, else &lt;strong&gt;Fail&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In similar way you can apply assertion to 'Lastname', 'Date of Birth' etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/enterprise-java/apache-jmeter/jmeter-response-assertion-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/enterprise-java/apache-jmeter/jmeter-response-assertion-example/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second way&lt;/strong&gt; will be to extract the values from the response of your script result using a Regular Expression Extractor and then saving it one by one in a file. Then you can pick that file and compare it with you expected result. For this you will need to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regular Expression Extractor for extracting the data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beanshell post processor for saving the data in a text file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to use the below mentioned code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Empfirstname = FirstName of the employee extracted using the Regular Expression Extractor&#xA;firstname = vars.get(&quot;Empfirstname&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// Emplastname = LastName of the employee extracted using the Regular Expression Extractor&#xA;lastname = vars.get(&quot;Emplastname&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;f = new FileOutputStream(&quot;/path/Employee_details.csv&quot;, true);&#xA;p = new PrintStream(f); &#xA;this.interpreter.setOut(p); &#xA;print(firstname+ &quot;,&quot; + lastname);&#xA;f.close();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After execution of this script, you will get Employee_details.csv which will be containing 100 employee records and then you can compare it with your expected result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T13:33:34.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2015-08-04T14:50:42.507" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Thor (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mightythor.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.mightythor.net&lt;/a&gt;), it integrates with jmeter and ALM.  It's free and all the functionality is available (no professional version filtering)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12917" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T11:19:08.900" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T11:19:08.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14086" CreationDate="2015-08-04T15:17:19.690" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So is there any perfect test plan template which I can use for one&#xA;  website and I am only tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. There is no such thing as a &quot;perfect test plan template&quot;. Instead of perfection, strive for &quot;good enough for your needs&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you are the sole tester, start out with something simple. Note what you are testing, when you are testing, the environment you are using for testing, and the tests you expect to execute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grow this template as your needs change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These might give you some ideas: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Templates&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/search/label/Templates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In future I will have to follow same plan. So I need test plan&#xA;  template which is enough for one tester and medium website testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your needs change, the application changes, others are recruited to help, etc - it doesn't make sense to follow exactly the same plan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are being told that you must anyway, you might want to ask why. Be guided by the response you get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T15:17:19.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14124" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14126" CreationDate="2015-08-04T15:34:27.050" Score="1" ViewCount="593" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a Ubuntu system which has both Python 2.7 and Python 3.4 installed. I was trying to install the &lt;code&gt;ddt&lt;/code&gt; library for creating data driven test cases. However when I try installing using &lt;code&gt;pip&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pip install ddt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the following error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception:&#xA;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py&quot;, line 122, in main status = self.run(options, args)&#xA;File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py&quot;, line 283, in run requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)&#xA;File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py&quot;, line 1436, in install requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)&#xA;File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py&quot;, line 672, in install self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)&#xA;File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py&quot;, line 902, in move_wheel_files &#xA;pycompile=self.pycompile,&#xA;File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py&quot;, line 206, in move_wheel_files clobber(source, lib_dir, True)&#xA;File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py&quot;, line 193, in clobber os.makedirs(destsubdir)&#xA;File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py&quot;, line 157, in makedirs mkdir(name, mode)&#xA;OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ddt-1.0.0.dist-info'&#xA;&#xA;Storing debug log for failure in /home/rahul/.pip/pip.log  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second last line points me in the direction that &lt;code&gt;pip&lt;/code&gt; is trying to install &lt;code&gt;ddt&lt;/code&gt; for Python 2.7, which I don't want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I install &lt;code&gt;ddt&lt;/code&gt; for Python 3.4? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:37:17.230" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:37:17.230" Title="Installing ddt on Ubuntu with Python 3" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14124" CreationDate="2015-08-04T16:12:34.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I corrected this was to manually copy the &lt;code&gt;ddt&lt;/code&gt; files from &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copied the following two files :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ddt.py&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ddt.pyc&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the directory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ddt-1.0.0.dist-info&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any body could come up with a better solution, then please add your answer. It would be more than welcome :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T16:12:34.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14016" CreationDate="2015-08-04T19:59:39.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ask a question like this to my interviewees. There is no right answer. The question is an exercise in problem solving and how you would tackle it. Like tickets you will be assigned, the requirements are vague and it is up to you to get clarification by asking the right questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What should be the testing approach of 100 Television Products? How long it will take to complete this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of products? Do the products differ in any way? Is there a test plan already? Historically, how long has this taken in the past? So on and so on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My similar interview questions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much would you charge to wash all the windows in Denver?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many ping-pong balls would it take to fill a limo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For more, check out the &quot;Google interview questions&quot; on the web&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-08-04T19:59:39.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2015-08-04T22:38:19.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The level of Java knowledge depends on what you want to do with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may just want to write some simple test automation scripts in which case basic Java knowledge is sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to make your test automation code re-usable, then object oriented programming concepts are important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to create a framework, then learn advanced Java concepts like polymorphism, abstract classes, interfaces, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See more on this topic on &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.ca/2015/08/how-much-java-do-i-need-to-learn-for-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://test-able.blogspot.ca/2015/08/how-much-java-do-i-need-to-learn-for-selenium.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer:&lt;/strong&gt; poster is the author of the linked blog post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12921" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T17:59:17.470" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T17:59:17.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2015-08-05T03:20:13.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Working on Selenium WebDriver with Java , you can focus on below Java concept and other related stuff, I am just giving you bigger picture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java Basics (oops concept &amp;amp; programming concept)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java Collection Framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java FileOperations (using apache POI or Jexcel) , ExceptionHandling , logger would be plus point.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Junit or TestNG to start with unit testing so you can assert your test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to have knowledge of HTML basics so you can use them in selection elements using various mechanism mainly with ID , Xpath , CSS Selector which is vital for working with selenium framework ( Most Important).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for Day to day working efficiency need to learn Jenkins(conceptually) , Maven &amp;amp; repository operations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are several standard framework is used by companies so look at them and understand it , like Page object pattern, Hybrid framework , keyword Driven framework etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you have any doubt in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12697" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T03:20:13.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14131" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14134" CreationDate="2015-08-05T05:53:46.017" Score="5" ViewCount="217" Body="&lt;p&gt;Morning,&#xA;what are an acceptable time and tasks to analyse a defect as a tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following situation: As our QA teams waits for a new client version and our preparations are quite done we had a look at some tracked defects and double checked them to try to give more input to the devs by analysing the error. In the particular case my QA manager and I spent almost four hours together trying to break down the error (checking usage of application, time spans, data base entries etc.) without finding the cause for the error. An additional hour I spent together with one of our devs to finally break it down by debugging application and database procedures to find out that a SQL-Query could not handle some results in the right way and fails. The thrown error was misleading, as the statement which broke didn't had an own error message definied so the last definied errormessage (still current in the out-parameter) was thrown but had nothing to do with the real error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After talking with my QA manager about what was the cause at the end we asked ourself how far we should go for analysing. For this current case the time spent was not problematic as we got some time at the moment, but we couldn't see a logical point to stop in times where we have more work to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So my questions are&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is an acceptable time to spend as a tester for analysing and breaking down a problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where do you draw the line between the tasks of a tester and a developer by breaking down a defect? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T08:05:15.513" Title="What are acceptable time to spend and taks to be done analysing a defect as a tester?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14112" CreationDate="2015-08-05T07:48:42.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given you're testing REST API I would suggest using combination of &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1740850-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set config&lt;/a&gt; (to read expected results from external CSV file) with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JSONPathAssertion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON Path Assertion&lt;/a&gt; to validate the response and fail the test if there is a mismatch between expected and actual result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T07:48:42.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14131" CreationDate="2015-08-05T07:58:14.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw acceptable time/effort ranging from 0 (outsourced testing to almost un trained testers) to infinity and beyond (combined engineering team with engineers that know their way through the code and product).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YOUR answer will vary according to (just throwing some ideas):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your skills and knowledge e.g. how familiar are you with the product, code and coding&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Urgency of the bug compared to other tasks that you or your team have, how busy the developers are, the company/division/team work load today and in the coming hours/days/weeks&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is expected by your manager, manager's manager and so on&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you want to do it ? for example as an example to others that &quot;testers can code&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the above means that even for you there is no single correct answer, usually that's what &quot;bug meetings&quot; (or whatever they are called in your company) are for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T07:58:14.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14131" CreationDate="2015-08-05T08:05:15.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Timebox it and afterwards evaluate. I would say time-box one hour and then see how probable it is the tester will find the steps to reproduce the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often its easier for developers to reproduce the issue, since they understand the code for that part. And they are more proficient in code-debuging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T08:05:15.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14136" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-05T09:19:17.850" Score="8" ViewCount="370" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm responsible for introducing QA to two teams in the same company (let's call them A and B). None of them had any systematic QA before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A and B&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;develop two different products&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use different programming languages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use different project frameworks (scrum vs waterfall)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are on very different stages of the product development process (prototype vs has been used by customers for many years)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use different bug tracking tools (TFS vs fogbugz)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: Does it make sense trying to introduce the same tools and processes to both teams (which would probably make things easier for me in the end). Or should I accept that I need two different approaches for both teams (which would make the changes for the developers smaller/fewer, but mean that I had to juggle with tools etc. between the two teams).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE March 30 2017&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I got many interesting responses, I want to give you an update on the progress during the last months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until december, I worked only with one of the teams and I'm rather happy with the development we achieved:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We established a working process between UX designers, developers, support, product owners and QA.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA is done mostly by the QA people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA people have a saying in the release management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We are in the proccess of introducing automated tests, even automated GUI tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA people is not just me anymore, but me plus one college student who works on exploratory testing and one college student who works on&#xA;automated tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We have a general consensus on the importance of QA people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In december, I started working in the other team as well. Here, the team is larger, the product more complex and more buggy. Consequently, the progress is not as quick as I hoped. So far,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Old, big, buggy features have been tested thoroughly for the first time (despite being used by clients for years...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New, big features are being tested thorougly (It makes me sad that I even have to mention that as &quot;progress&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New patches and features are being tested more thoroughly than before, which results in many patches and features not making it into their planned release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A rough process between product management, developers and QA has been established, but I'm definitely not happy with it yet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm not the only QA person here anymore, but have two college students who help me with manual tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concerning the initial question about the integration of approaches and tools for the to teams, I'm a bit disappointed to have to say that there is basically no overlap between the processes of the two teams. I'm even more disappointed to say that I don't see this happening in the next months either. It's basically a problem of having not enough time to change the existing processes. There is more than enough work for a full time QA person in each of the teams and I have to do both jobs. Since it has been made pretty clear to me that we will not hire an additional QA person, I concentrate on baby steps in both teams. For the first product, this means:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting a decent code coverage with automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Establishing a process on how to deal with the results of the automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pushing for a better release management (namely more involvement of the product owners)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working on the process between support and QA, since the product has left the prototype phase and is being used by many of our clients&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second product, my next steps are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automating the process of building a new testable version (right now it inolves a lot of copy+insert and waiting)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introducing a tool to handle release tests instead of an excel sheet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pushing for prioritizing bugs higher&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pushing for specifications and bugs to be documented in a way that people who haven't worked with the product for 5+ years can test the features and patches, too&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, I'm still busy with introducing basic QA processes. Maybe in a couple of months, I can work more on the integration of the QA of the two products. The current situation (I even have designated days to work on each of the products and work in different offices to be closer to each team) is not satisfactory. If you have any more opinions and suggestions, I'm always happy to read them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12912" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T11:31:06.273" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T11:31:06.273" Title="Different testing approaches for different teams?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14137" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-05T10:59:12.190" Score="9" ViewCount="21861" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the pros and cons of using Robot Framework with selenium2Library (webdriver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one is the better option for web application testing -  TestNG or Robot Framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12929" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T11:18:12.483" LastActivityDate="2021-02-10T11:18:24.550" Title="TestNG vs Robot Framework - pros and cons" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14136" CreationDate="2015-08-05T11:04:43.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are SO going to hate this answer. It is Yes and Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is some possibility to integrate between TFS and fogbugz.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fogcreek.com/fogbugz/docs/70/topics/sourcecontrol/setup/TeamFoundation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fogcreek.com/fogbugz/docs/70/topics/sourcecontrol/setup/TeamFoundation.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goals should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maximum tool level integration (to input info only once).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define overlap between procedures and utilize this&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimize differences (hard to do with such different approaches)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acquire support and define a time-line to reduce your worst time consuming differences.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should clearly communicate the investment the differences between the teams requires of the QA process and what lacks result wise as a consequence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in the end any streamlining is for management to decide. You can massage and adapt and create proposals to improve... but inertia is against you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T11:04:43.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14136" CreationDate="2015-08-05T11:36:15.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use the same tool, as it will make your work easier, because in that case you will have to track only 1 tracker, but as far as processes are concerned, I doubt that you will not be able to follow the same process as your both project are based on different SDLC (Scrum and Waterfall, as mentioned by you). So if SDLC is different whole game play is different for both projects, because in one project you will have User Stories, Story point, Product Backlog, Scrum Master etc. that too with sprints, which will not be in case of Waterfall project. Thus following same approach and process will not benefit you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than this your testing approach can be same for both the projects (depending upon the scope), as the approach will not depend over the programming language being used. It will depend upon the timeline, scope and future aspects of the projects e.g. if it is a long running project with lots of regression cycle then you should go for Automation else you can live with Manual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your testing approach and methods can be more or less same but process will be different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T11:36:15.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14140" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14221" CreationDate="2015-08-05T11:49:49.457" Score="0" ViewCount="26811" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one requirement, I need to read the test data from the excel sheet and after the test case execution I need to write in to excel sheet as PASS/Fail/ Skip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used TestNG framework,Below are sample code/approach Which I have followed but no luck I am always getting result as 1(SUCCESS),even test case fail also.Please some body help me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterSuite&#xA;public void write(){&#xA;    int result = Reporter.getCurrentTestResult().getStatus();&#xA;    if(ITestResult.FAILURE == result){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;AFTER METHOD IN FAILURE:: &quot;+result);&#xA;    }else if(ITestResult.SUCCESS == result){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;AFTER METHOD IN SUCCESS:: &quot;+result);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else if(ITestResult.SKIP == result){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;AFTER METHOD IN SKIP :: &quot;+result);&#xA;    }&#xA;Output : AFTER METHOD IN SUCCESS:: 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T01:56:56.960" Title="Setting TestNG test case result as PASS/FAIL as per my requirement" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14136" CreationDate="2015-08-05T11:57:17.980" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Bookeater says, you absolutely want to unify tools and processes between the teams. That said, I'm going to offer some extra advice because I've been in this situation (and to some extent I am still in this situation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hasten slowly&lt;/strong&gt; - Each team has built up a process and toolset that works for them. A newcomer telling them they have to change everything is not going to go over well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start by gaining trust&lt;/strong&gt; - Both teams need to see you as a valuable team member and trust that you know what you're doing. You won't get that by pushing change: you will get it by doing things like setting up integration between the two systems and explaining that you're doing this to make life easier. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First steps&lt;/strong&gt; - Your first process change should be setting up integration, and you do it so you don't have to work with two separate systems (you can position this as making sure you don't accidentally file anything in the wrong place leading to it being missed or delayed). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expect pushback&lt;/strong&gt; - it took me well over a year as the first test specialist to &quot;teach&quot; my teams that they wanted me to be involved in all phases of development. I floated the idea, let it be rejected, then when items reached me for testing I asked all the awkward questions that would have saved everyone time and effort if they'd been caught during the design phase. To some extent I am still pushing for this, only now it's with an agile process and I'm pushing for more awareness/oversight of the big picture the agile process is working with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expect a long adaptation time&lt;/strong&gt; - I've been at my current workplace for 2.5 years. In that time two development teams have merged into a single team, the application lifecycle management process has gone from spreadsheets and SharePoint lists through TFS to Rally and is still evolving. There is still a development team that is entirely external to my team and assorted other development activities that involve people who don't interact with my team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Respect the team processes&lt;/strong&gt; - The teams are using the processes they have now because those processes &lt;em&gt;work&lt;/em&gt; for them. I'm going to guess that the team working with the established application is the Waterfall team - with a known, well-understood system a Waterfall SDLC can be very effective. You may need to work the two SDLCs for several years.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're in this for a long haul - you're going to need a lot of patience and tact, as well as make a number of compromises. Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T11:57:17.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14142" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-05T12:29:43.520" Score="6" ViewCount="9999" Body="&lt;p&gt;Java or Javascript? or maybe another language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me choose the programming language I should learn for Selenium automation and its benefit over other. Any pro's and con's?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12931" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T14:21:37.943" LastActivityDate="2018-04-21T20:39:48.553" Title="I want to learn Selenium but not sure about the language I need to learn for automation" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;languages&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14143" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-05T13:26:43.533" Score="3" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in defining a minimum set of high-level operations which should be validated over a page using the &lt;strong&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/strong&gt; in Selenium Automation Framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I know about the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Navigate&lt;/strong&gt; - Used to navigate to the page. Implemented as &lt;code&gt;navigateToHomepage()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fill&lt;/strong&gt; - Used to fill any forms or sections of form on the page. Implemented as &lt;code&gt;fillLoginPage()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;fillEmployeeAddressSection()&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Submit&lt;/strong&gt; - Submit the form. Implemented as &lt;code&gt;submitCustomerCreationPage()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cancel&lt;/strong&gt; - Cancel the form submission.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Back&lt;/strong&gt; - Navigate back from page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Click&lt;/strong&gt; - Click any field on page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verify&lt;/strong&gt; - Verify any field related attributes/values on page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Upload/download&lt;/strong&gt; - Perform upload/download of a file on page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expand/collapse&lt;/strong&gt; - Expand/collapse any sections on page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Close&lt;/strong&gt; - Close the page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other high-level operations that should be added to the above list?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: I'm looking for atomic page-level operations and not business/functionality level operations. Create, Edit, View, Delete, Search, etc. are business/functional level operations. For example, creation involves navigation to the page (Navigate), filling the form (Fill) and click on Save (Submit). As you can see creation is not atomic in nature to the page, it is a function of the application and not the page. I hope this explanation improves the clarity of the question. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastEditorUserId="6897" LastEditDate="2015-08-06T07:29:47.857" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T14:20:48.133" Title="What high level operations should be tested on a page from Automation perspective?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14055" CreationDate="2015-08-05T13:30:24.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a smallish engineering team. There is an in-house issue tracker built many years ago that we use for customer and internal bugs; however, for testing of features, I use excel. The excel spreadsheet is uploaded to sharepoint. I log the issues with a hyperlink to my documentation (steps to reproduce). The developer reviews the issues and documentation and updates the spreadsheet with fixed or any questions they have. Not very 21st century, but as you know, it all goes back to the team, the environment and what works best for both at that time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T13:30:24.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14142" CreationDate="2015-08-05T13:51:02.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn from scratch I think that Java will be good, because there is a huge amount of support from the community in this language (I think most of the people use Java with WebDriver). I've started with Java and for any question or trouble there always was somebody that could help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I'm using Python with Selenium, and experience that there is a very big difference in support from the community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that with Javascript you will have little support because this language is used with WebDriver less often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T16:37:16.583" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T16:37:16.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14142" CreationDate="2015-08-05T14:00:27.927" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;See, you can learn Selenium with any language, whether it is C#, Java, Ruby, Python etc. It doesn't matter whether the application you are going to test has been developed in the same language that you would use to write your test scripts, you can test an application developed using C# in Selenium with test scripts written in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to that, you don't need to learn any of these languages completely for working with automation. You should know the basic stuff and as you go on with testing and creating test cases you will keep on searching about the issues being faced and how they can be resolved, which in turn will enhance your programming skills as well. Selenium with Java is more easy and much better to use and learn, you will get lots of examples, training material, forums and communities for the same. Don't need to learn complete Java for this, only basics are enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But above all if you are more comfortable with other options, then they are not bad, if you don't have any past experience in programming and are starting from scratch Java is good option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-09T03:27:53.857" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T03:27:53.857" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14142" CreationDate="2015-08-05T14:08:25.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am assuming that you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;want to become competent programmer, with goal to learn programming beyond Selenium automation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have nobody around to ask for guidance (if you do, ask locally) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;also want to be able to write simple tools supporting QA tasks, and beyond. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Python is widely considered as best language for beginners&lt;/strong&gt; (MIT among others). It works much harder for programmer (to make programmer life easier). Because is not as object obsessed as Java is, beginner programmer can write simpler procedural code using existing objects without the need to dive deeply to object design. There are many excellent free online books and courses to learn Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One important feature why learning Python is simpler than Java is &lt;strong&gt;Python console/interpreter.&lt;/strong&gt; It allows learner to &lt;strong&gt;learn Python one line at a time,&lt;/strong&gt; experimenting and playing with language, instead of writing complete page of code like with Java (and trying to debug it as a whole).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another important reason why Python beats Java is flexibility to create data structures in Python. Lists, dictionaries, returning multiple values from a function is trivial in Python. &lt;strong&gt;Python is excellent language to parse and manipulate data in text files,&lt;/strong&gt; you would want to learn it for that reason anyway (Java sucks in this task).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java or Javascript might be good as second language (if you feel the need), when you understand basics of programming. Yes, &lt;strong&gt;Java is bit faster&lt;/strong&gt; - but speed of execution is irrelevant for a beginner, or for automating Selenium. Javascript is a must for web front end developer - but &lt;strong&gt;Javascript is more quirky, confusing and less forgiving&lt;/strong&gt; than Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know Python, Java, Javascript (and I learned many other languages before these three), so IMHO my opinion is based on more experience than people who know only one or two languages. &lt;strong&gt;First language you learn is very important,&lt;/strong&gt; it forms base to understanding other languages, and bad habits of thinking from first language could be hard to overcome later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Python is excellent glue language&lt;/strong&gt; which will allow you to write tools helping your other QA tasks. Recent example from our experience: get log messages from last 100 SVN logins, parse bug numbers and comitters, get bug status from bugzilla database, and print report (to make sure that bugs with commits are in proper status). Python is excellent for this, Java, C# or JS - less so. So you likely &lt;strong&gt;want to learn Python anyway,&lt;/strong&gt; to write such little custom tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, Python is bit a niche language (people often learn it as 4th or later language, or not at all) - &lt;strong&gt;you have the opportunity to learn it as your first.&lt;/strong&gt; Check one hour &lt;a href=&quot;https://hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu/~DYOO/python/idle_intro/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Python intro&lt;/a&gt; and you will get idea what Python can do, and how easy it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go with Python, and when you learn those other languages, you will see why Python was the best choice for a beginner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I said, first language is very important because it will affects how you think about programming. This type of cognitive bias has name &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BlubParadox&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Blub paradox&lt;/a&gt; - a term coined by &lt;strong&gt;famous programmer and founder of Y-combinator seed fund &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Graham_%28computer_programmer%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Paul Graham&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  in article &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/avg.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beating Averages&lt;/a&gt; - where he explained how &lt;strong&gt;he become millionaire by using Lisp&lt;/strong&gt; (even more dynamic language than Python) &lt;strong&gt;instead of Java&lt;/strong&gt; in his startup. We may safely assume that he knows about using programming languages which make programmer productive :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This type of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;cognitive bias&lt;/a&gt; can explain why people who know only static languages like Java or C# do not &quot;trust&quot; Python and rarely recommend it to others, and @Kyralessa comments are perfect example of such blub programmer. I did not asked him, he volunteered, honest! :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two free online edX courses to learn Python for beginners:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.edx.org/course/cs-all-introduction-computer-science-harveymuddx-cs005x#!&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CS For All: Introduction to Computer Science and Python&#xA;Programming&lt;/a&gt;, self-paced   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.edx.org/course/learn-program-using-python-utarlingtonx-cse1309x#!&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Learn to Program Using Python&lt;/a&gt;, starts Jan 2016, likely will get archived.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T15:17:16.213" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T15:17:16.213" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14113" CreationDate="2015-08-05T14:08:37.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the answer from bish: You can also filter like this:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;*text1*text2*&lt;/code&gt; - so you do not need to put the filter into double quotes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually I filter on different fields like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assigned to - me&#xA;Status - &quot;not closed and not tested and not rejected&quot; (without quotes)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further information:&#xA;After you have configured a filter you can save it as a favorite. Just click on &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Favorites&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and then on &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Add to Favorites&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Efcto.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Efcto.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;QC Organize Favorites&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either save them under &lt;em&gt;private&lt;/em&gt; so only you can use it or save them under &lt;em&gt;public&lt;/em&gt; so everyone with access can use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows you to easily switch between several filters and use the favorite and then adapt it to your current need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12765" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-06T06:47:28.913" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T06:47:28.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14142" CreationDate="2015-08-05T14:12:09.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TIOBE Index&lt;/a&gt; Java is still the number one language for programming. Java will also net you the most online support because of this on for example Stack Overflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JavaScript is becoming more popular though, certainly with the rising of &lt;a href=&quot;https://nodejs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NodeJS&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would &lt;strong&gt;bet on JavaScript&lt;/strong&gt; more then Java or C#, since its the language of the web. For a decent JavaScript starting training have a look at the JS &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codecademy.com/en/tracks/javascript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Codecademy track&lt;/a&gt; course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver.IO&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/a&gt; for JavaScript versions of Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-05T17:53:03.787" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T17:53:03.787" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14143" CreationDate="2015-08-05T14:12:38.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all depends what high level operations you have on your page. The requirement of High level functionalities differ from application to application and page to page. Some of the pages may not be having any or some of the options mentioned by you but some may have additional operations like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit : Change the record to edit mode&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete : Delete the selected record(s) after confirmation message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate : For validating the data entered is having any issue or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dropdown for single selection, Multiple selection, Search and Select&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save : Only save the data entered till now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logout : Logging out of the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invoke Javascript functions like on Entering Email Address and moving focus some other fields become active.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search : operation on listing pages with Pager (Previous, Next, First and Last)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search : provided at the top of the page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next : For moving to next page of the same record (if application have more than 1 page).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say instead of preparing a general list, you should first go what your application have and what you need to validate from your list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T14:12:38.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14142" CreationDate="2015-08-05T15:28:28.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two sides of your question which I am interpreting (and may be I am wrong), but this is how I see it :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can choose your language based on the ease of learning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can choose your language based on the support for that particular implementation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's talk about first- I have used both Python and Java implementations and I agree with Peter, that Python is a lot easier and simpler to learn compared to Java, and as such, if you are a complete novice, I would suggest you go with Python. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also it is fairly easy to install and use, and hence I would prefer it over Java implementation any day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, here comes the second point, which both &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/12541/dhiman&quot;&gt;Dhiman&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/11207/wmarchewka&quot;&gt;wmarchewka&lt;/a&gt; have outlined is the support for Java implementation of Selenium. You will find a lot of support for Java with Selenium, since most of the online guides and tutorials, you'd find will help you with Java and Selenium, and not Python. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I don't mean to imply that you wouldn't find any Python plus Selenium resource, but it is not at the level of Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, personally haven't used the Javascript version, but I know that as Node.JS and other such JS libraries get popular, eventually JS would be the language of choice for many.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I would say it's up to you to decide, which one is better suited for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T02:27:13.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14137" CreationDate="2015-08-05T15:43:42.727" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG has been created as an alternative to JUnit in unit testing.&#xA;While, RobotFramework has been created for acceptance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each has remarkable features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestNG&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestNG is easily integrated into maven cycle and used mostly with &lt;strong&gt;Data Driven testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestNG is pure Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Annotations are easier to understand&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases can be grouped more easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parallel testing is possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestNG supports only Java (so this is one of the limitation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot Framework allows &lt;strong&gt;Keyword Driven Testing&lt;/strong&gt; and even behavior driven one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot Framework was initially written in Python but latest version has Java bindings as well. Robot is highly extensible, in python, java, and/or any .NET language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot Framework is a generic, application and technology independent framework.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot can be used for REST and SOAP service tests, database tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both have great reporting frameworks and both can be attached to various Continuous Integration like Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, both have Selenium support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should decide that which features you require for your testing and then use the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-05T15:43:42.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14153" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17550" CreationDate="2015-08-06T03:47:47.170" Score="5" ViewCount="500" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver API&lt;/a&gt; allows browsers to be automated, such as for end-to-end testing. Specific implementations exist, such as the standalone &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/InternetExplorerDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;InternetExplorer Driver&lt;/a&gt; executables or the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/FirefoxDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FireFoxDriver&lt;/a&gt; extension. These implementations take commands sent over the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON Wire Protocol&lt;/a&gt;. Please correct this if I'm wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions is two-fold:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What protocol do the WebDriver implementations use to talk to the browser?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why don't browsers implement the JSON Wire Protocol directly? It seems that the WebDriver bit must implement both JSON Wire and whatever protocol it uses to &#xA;talk to that browser, and then the browser must implement that protocol as well. This seems like a considerable duplication of effort.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The argument that browser size should be minimized seems relatively weak, since browsers have to implement the latter protocol anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol#Server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium docs&lt;/a&gt; claim that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[the term &quot;server&quot;] may also refer to a &lt;strong&gt;specific browser that implements the wire protocol directly&lt;/strong&gt;, such as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/FirefoxDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FirefoxDriver&lt;/a&gt; or IPhoneDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That doesn't make sense - FirefoxDriver isn't a browser. As far as I can tell, it's an XPI extension for Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;UPDATE&lt;/em&gt;: I've asked the question on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/selenium-developers/cRXB9SNu2Ww&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Developers&lt;/a&gt; mailing list and it seems that the WebDriver-browser protocols are undocumented and vendor-specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12928" LastEditorUserId="12928" LastEditDate="2015-08-09T02:08:09.160" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T23:38:30.550" Title="What language/protocol do web browsers use for accepting automation requests?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14055" CreationDate="2015-08-06T05:52:03.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Possible issues with using spreadsheets are that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you are dependent on an external company for &lt;em&gt;software for&lt;/em&gt; access to your historic tickets. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the only workflows are manual - no enforcement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you will eventually run out of space or the sheet will get too big to handle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;difficult to add attachments such as screenshots of the problem, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest setting up an instance of &lt;a href=&quot;http://trac.edgewall.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;trac&lt;/a&gt; issue tracking software on a server within your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Free&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web interface - no client software to install&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version control integration for:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;svn&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;git&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hg&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bazaar, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automatically email the originator on changes to their ticket&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automatically email team member on ticket being assigned to them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Querying/filtering the data &amp;amp; reports exportable as .csv &amp;amp; .tsv or as an RSS feed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Custom roles and workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Timeline &amp;amp; Roadmap features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T05:52:03.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14156" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-06T07:31:09.750" Score="-2" ViewCount="8008" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please suggest to get the elements present in drop down menu using Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12940" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T10:23:10.123" Title="How do I get elements from drop down menu in Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2015-08-13T01:47:09.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14156" CreationDate="2015-08-06T07:51:08.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since drop down contains more than one values, so we need to make selection out of a range of options. So there are three ways of getting or selecting elements from a drop down using the &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; class of Selenium webdriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using the index of element in drop down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using the Value of element in drop down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using the text of element in drop down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this block of HTML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id = &quot;designation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value = &quot;MD&quot;&amp;gt;MD&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value = &quot;prog&quot;&amp;gt; Programmer &amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value = &quot;CEO&quot;&amp;gt; CEO &amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;- Using index of element&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;code&gt;select_by_index(index)&lt;/code&gt; method in Python or the equivalent method in Java &lt;code&gt;selectByIndex( )&lt;/code&gt; to get the element by the index position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above block, if I want to select the programmer option then I would achieve this as &lt;code&gt;select_by_index(1)&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-Using the value of element&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;code&gt;select_by_value(value)&lt;/code&gt; method in Python or the equivalent method in Java &lt;code&gt;selectByValue( )&lt;/code&gt;to get the element using the value of the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above block, if I want to select the programmer option then I would achieve this as &lt;code&gt;select_by_value('prog')&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-Using the text of the element&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;code&gt;select_by_visible_text(text_of_option)&lt;/code&gt; method in Python or equivalent method in Java &lt;code&gt;selectByVisibleText( )&lt;/code&gt; to get the element using the text with which the drop down element is displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above block, if I want to select the programmer option then I would achieve this as &lt;code&gt;select_by_visible_text('Programmer')&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to get a list of all the options in the drop down, then it is quite easily achievable using the Python library using the &lt;code&gt;options&lt;/code&gt; attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;s1=Select(driver.find_element_by_id('designation'))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;print(s1.options)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-06T07:56:36.980" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T07:56:36.980" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14159" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-06T10:34:49.743" Score="3" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working in a startup as a manual and automation QA engineer. New features gets applied to our site every 2 weeks. Whenever a redesign project comes up, such as a product page redesign, we keep forgetting to handle all the other numerous features that were implemented in the last few years. People who implemented those features have often moved out of the team, and details are forgotten. This is usually happening with minor features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was searching for ideas on how to keep track of all the features in the website. Ideally, when we add a new requirement, we should be able to easily identify the impact of the new project on existing ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using Excel to create a trace of every field in a feature to its impact on different parts of the website. Is this the correct way to approach tracing? It has been very time consuming, and we don't have a good template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T18:00:10.560" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T18:00:10.560" Title="Impact Flow Tracking for feature updates &amp; changes" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14160" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14178" CreationDate="2015-08-06T10:35:21.963" Score="2" ViewCount="465" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a situation when it whould be useful to have parent-child defect relationship:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parent defect: 'Print' button only creates blank word document (it should be filled in with data)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Child defect: 'Print' button creates word document with incorrect data&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when the parent bug is fixed the child is to be checked compulsory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when the child bug is fixed there is defenetly no need to check the parent bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-08-27T06:41:06.533" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T06:41:06.533" Title="Does parent-child defect relationship exist in HP ALM" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14159" CreationDate="2015-08-06T10:40:40.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should follow tracability matrix and always add new requirements/Features to same matrix so old will be there as record and also you will be able to track new. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tool Excel is fine as start level but I would suggest to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/products/tfs-overview-vs.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TFS&lt;/a&gt; to log all old and coming requirements. It will allow you to maintain all requirements/Features history in very good way. TFS is easy to manage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T10:40:40.833" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14156" CreationDate="2015-08-06T10:41:27.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/Select.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/Select.java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here is a class designed for this in the bindigs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are looking for the Select class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/Select.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/source/browse/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/Select.java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would need to 'find' the actual select element, not the individual options. Find that select element, and let Selenium &amp;amp; the Select class do the rest of the work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'd be looking for something like (s being the actual select element):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;s&quot;);&#xA;Select select = new Select(selectElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Select class has a handy getOptions() method. This will do exactly what you think it does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allOptions = select.getOptions();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can do what you want with allOptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source : &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16768318/how-can-i-get-all-elements-from-drop-down-list&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16768318/how-can-i-get-all-elements-from-drop-down-list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for  a dropdown give the Script enough time to look for the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12882" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T10:23:10.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14136" CreationDate="2015-08-06T12:50:43.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I would like to start with the Bug Tracking tools. What about the old bugs logged? If you ask one of them to move to the same tool, their information (bug history)is lost. But, if the team that just started the product development is ready to move to fogbugz, then you can always request the team to do so. Learning any bug tracking tool is a matter of couple of hours. This way, you need to take care of only one tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different protocols, different programming languages and different bug tracking tools do not cause any significant change in the process to be followed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, when it comes to frameworks, definitely, the same process cannot be applied to both. Scrum and waterfall processes is like technology and Dinosaurs respectively. Scrum falls under Agile and Agile QA processes are way different than the traditional waterfall. Both the products will have to be handled in the way they are being formed. Applying the process followed for waterfall on Agile is going to be a disaster and vice-versa.&#xA;Unfortunately, on the processes part, you and in fact your entire QA team will have to think differently on both products. Personally, I feel it is a challenging opportunity for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a lot information on Agile QA processes to be implemented. You can refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrumalliance.org/system/resource_files/.../AgileQA.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.scrumalliance.org/system/resource_files/.../AgileQA.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;and&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/abagmar/agile-qa-process&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.slideshare.net/abagmar/agile-qa-process&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12939" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T16:15:26.427" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T16:15:26.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14098" CreationDate="2015-08-06T13:24:18.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on how many more similar elements you have on the page, an xpath like the following may do what you need:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@type='text'][contains(@class,'form-control')][contains(@name,'projectsurvey')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T13:24:18.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14136" CreationDate="2015-08-06T14:10:25.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a little thing to contribute. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that there are some questions to answer in order to decide:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you need integrated metrics or will you have separated metrics for each team? The impact on the decision is direct. I mean, if you will make a team learn and change the tool they are used to use, it has to add value to the organization because it will have a cost. Otherwise, you should get used to use two tools independently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm basing my answer according with my experience, doing consultancy to different teams, where I have to adopt more than make them change, unless it has a very clear contribution to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps! tell us please your conclusion about the topic :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12944" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T14:10:25.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14143" CreationDate="2015-08-06T14:20:48.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considering your focus on atomic page operations, I would add some basic operations on popups, like ClosePopup, AcceptPopup, CancelPopup. Perhaps depending on the technology you should add some extra functions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12944" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T14:20:48.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14086" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:23:21.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might consider using a mind map instead of a traditional test plan. It will provide you a document artifact and be lighter weight since your project is medium sized. People can still collaborate on it if need be by adding / updating nodes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.xmind.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;xmind&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;or &lt;a href=&quot;http://freemind.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;freemind&lt;/a&gt; are pretty popular choices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12948" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T16:23:21.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14168" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:34:38.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP-ALM is a web based tool to manage the application life-cycle right from project planning, requirements gathering, until testing &amp;amp; deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ALM also provides integration to all other HP products such as UFT and Load Runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It started out as Quality Center, a test management tool developed by Mercury interactive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/hp-alm-introduction.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/hp-alm-introduction.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Application_Lifecycle_Management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Application_Lifecycle_Management&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:16:56.320" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:16:56.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14169" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:34:38.433" Score="0" Body="HP-ALM or Application Life Cycle Management Tool supports various phases of the software development life cycle from planning to deployment." OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:16:45.863" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:16:45.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14170" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:39:44.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP Quality Center is a tool to manage application quality across the entire application life-cycle. The solution provides requirements management, release and cycle management, test management, defect management and reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP Quality Center is a component of HP-ALM or HP Application Lifecycle Management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/hp-alm&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;hp-alm&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;hp-alm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:16:11.737" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:16:11.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14171" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:39:44.763" Score="0" Body="HP Quality Center is a tool to manage application quality across the entire application life-cycle" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:17:02.657" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:17:02.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14172" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:49:17.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language. It was designed and developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro &quot;Matz&quot; Matsumoto in Japan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to its authors, Ruby was influenced by Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including functional, object-oriented, and imperative. It also has a dynamic type system and automatic memory management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/cucumber&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;cucumber&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;cucumber&lt;/a&gt; is written in Ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:16:08.130" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:16:08.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14173" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:49:17.563" Score="0" Body="Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language.&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:16:40.870" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:16:40.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14174" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:54:00.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI/URL) and may be a web page, image, video or other piece of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although browsers are primarily intended to use the World Wide Web, they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The major web browsers are Firefox, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Opera, and Safari.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:16:15.133" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:16:15.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14175" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-08-06T16:54:00.973" Score="0" Body="A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web." OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:16:59.600" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:16:59.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14176" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-06T17:39:39.050" Score="0" ViewCount="582" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone uses a design pattern where there is an object (similar to a page object) which has fields for each input in an HTML form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess the fields would be nullable and then the page object would have a method FillOutForm() which takes in the form mapping object. It would fill out the form based on the object, and ignore any fields that are null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does that make any sense? Anyone else use a similar design pattern?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T15:49:50.560" Title="Selenium - Best practice, mapping an object to HTML form?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14176" CreationDate="2015-08-06T18:06:37.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it makes sense.  To quote Martin Fowler in &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Despite the term &quot;page&quot; object, these objects shouldn't usually be built for each page, but rather for the significant elements on a page. So a page showing multiple albums would have an album list page object containing several album page objects. There would probably also be a header page object and a footer page object. That said, some of the hierarchy of a complex UI is only there in order to structure the UI - such composite structures shouldn't be revealed by the page objects. The rule of thumb is to model the structure in the page that makes sense to the user of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to write automated UI tests, I recommend reading Fowler's article.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T18:06:37.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14160" CreationDate="2015-08-06T19:50:15.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not 100% sure but I don't think there is such a feature. you can only link defects on the same level. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt; And you can also link requirements and tests but that has nothing to do with this topic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T19:50:15.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14140" CreationDate="2015-08-06T20:39:46.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can alter your approach to include a configuration method using @AfterMethod, then you can pass in a paramater for ITestResult, which holds the results for the most recently completed test method.  That class has a method called getStatus() that will give you the status of that test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of how to use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterMethod&#xA;public void fetchMostRecentTestResult(ITestResult result) {&#xA;&#xA;    int status = result.getStatus();&#xA;&#xA;    switch (status) {&#xA;        case ITestResult.SUCCESS:&#xA;            //do something&#xA;            break;&#xA;        case ITestResult.FAILURE:&#xA;            //do something else&#xA;            break;&#xA;        case ITestResult.SKIP:&#xA;            //and something else&#xA;            break;&#xA;        default:&#xA;            throw new RuntimeException(&quot;Invalid status&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T06:56:05.650" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T06:56:05.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14180" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14188" CreationDate="2015-08-06T21:03:03.217" Score="5" ViewCount="12381" Body="&lt;p&gt;Previously I have done some work for a client and a conversation went much like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Client&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;I want to test my product, that is web based. What would you recommend?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;&lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt; is a great tool for automation for web based applications, I would recommend looking into this open source tool.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Client&lt;/strong&gt;: &quot;I am not conserned with the front end testing of my application, so I don't think that selenium would be a good tool for&#xA;  the integration testing that I am looking for.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't really know how to answer to this. So my question here is simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is selenium a good tool to use for integration testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can selenium be used for integration testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:16:37.450" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:16:37.450" Title="Selenium and it's ability to do integration testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14181" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-06T21:19:49.653" Score="1" ViewCount="7006" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I launch &lt;em&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;IEDriver&lt;/em&gt; and click the submit button (manually and automatically), it does not send the inputs. It works outside of webdriver though, I can click the submit button and send the inputs but in webdriver, it doesn't seem do anything. Is this something wrong with webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: The &lt;em&gt;selenium&lt;/em&gt; version is the latest &lt;code&gt;2.47.0&lt;/code&gt; along with &lt;em&gt;Chrome&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Chromedriver&lt;/em&gt;. I can't provide the link to the webpage since its a private server. We're using &lt;em&gt;ExtJS 4&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;XPATH&lt;/em&gt; that I used is &lt;code&gt;//span[text()='Submit All']&lt;/code&gt;. Here is the code for the button &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;button-1429-btnInnerEl&quot;&#xA;      class=&quot;x-btn-inner x-btn-inner-center&quot;&#xA;      unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&amp;gt;Submit All&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12950" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T14:54:51.360" LastActivityDate="2017-10-01T13:36:25.487" Title="Submit button not working in Selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9082" CreationDate="2015-08-06T23:02:17.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use the latest version of JMeter, Firefox and Webdriver plugin. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver Sampler plugin 1.3.0 supports Firefox 39&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver Sampler plugin 1.2.1 supports Firefox 33&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver Sampler plugin 1.2.0 supports Firefox 26&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once everything is downloaded and configured you will need to delete these files (if not already deleted) from you &lt;strong&gt;JMeter lib directory&lt;/strong&gt;:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;- httpclient-4.2.6.jar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;- httpcore-4.2.5.jar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;- httpmime-4.2.6.jar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you will see that every jar file which is mentioned above will be having two versions like &lt;code&gt;httpmime-4.2.6.jar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;httpmime-4.5.jar&lt;/code&gt; and you need the latest one only, so while your JMeter is closed, delete these old version of files. After that run your script, it should execute correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details refer to the link &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-06T23:16:19.677" LastActivityDate="2015-08-06T23:16:19.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14180" CreationDate="2015-08-06T23:14:18.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, Selenium can be and is used for Integration testing and it is a good tool for that. You can use Selenium with &lt;strong&gt;TestNG framework which is designed to cover all categories of tests:  unit, functional, end-to-end, integration, etc..&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Refer to &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt; site, it's first line states that it is used for Integration testing with Data Driven Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Acceptance testing and Acceptance test-driven development (ATDD) or for Keyword Driven Testing model you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/robotframework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot&lt;/a&gt; Framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T11:05:24.000" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T11:05:24.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14156" CreationDate="2015-08-07T05:27:03.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;some id&quot;)));&#xA;dropdown.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Some Text&quot;);.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will access control to a dropdown but make sure that you have given enough time using &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(&quot;3000&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; command. You can use &lt;code&gt;ByVisibleText()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Byindex()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Byvalue()&lt;/code&gt; to get the desired text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12363" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T05:27:03.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14185" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-07T06:25:37.980" Score="1" ViewCount="2728" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me out in finding the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary-value_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Boundary Value Analysis&lt;/a&gt; for date fields like &quot;Day&quot; or &quot;Month&quot;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12798" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T06:51:32.383" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T09:19:24.903" Title="Boundary Value Analysis" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14186" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14192" CreationDate="2015-08-07T07:18:54.100" Score="2" ViewCount="9214" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to reuse the same sequence of steps in different test scenarious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, scenario of testing printing functionality and testing calculation functionality both need address entering. So it would be better to reuse these steps (enter City, Street, Building, Appartment Number).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I create Address filling pattern? And how can I add it to another test instance between it's test steps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As it was mentioned by @bish we can copy test steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GCO0u.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GCO0u.png&quot; alt=&quot;Copy steps to clipboard&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's a copy by value, not by link. So when you add country to the address pattern it will not be in test instances where you copied the steps (in the print testing, in the calculation testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T08:43:34.073" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T13:55:56.483" Title="How to reuse test steps in HP ALM test plan?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14185" CreationDate="2015-08-07T07:54:49.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you've read about Boundary Value Analysis, you must know that we test the extreme limits of inputs in this type of testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you have asked for &quot;Day&quot; or &quot;Month&quot;, let me try and give you combination of both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;- Non Leap Year ( eg is  year 2007,2009)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can use these combination of inputs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Test Data exactly at the boundary of the input&lt;/em&gt; (01/01/2007 or 01/31/2007 for months with 31 days and 04/01/2007 or 04/30/2007 for months ending with 30 days)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Test Data below the boundary of the input&lt;/em&gt; ( that would be a combination of invalid months like 00/00/2007 or 00/01/2007)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Test Data beyond the boundary of the input&lt;/em&gt; ( again a combination of 32/08/2007 or 32/13/2007). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Test for one extra day in Feb&lt;/em&gt; ( try entering 29/02/2007- which shouldn't be accepted)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-For leap year&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test the three scenarios from above.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now we know that in leap year, we have one extra day in February, so the last scenario (29/02) would be acceptable. Add one more day and then test it (something like 30/02/2008)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T07:54:49.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14180" CreationDate="2015-08-07T08:17:57.200" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR:&lt;/strong&gt; Yes, but keep in mind that Selenium is only part of the integration test tool chain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we define integration testing as something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Integration testing is the phase in software testing in which individual&#xA;  software modules are combined and tested as a group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then Selenium is only part of the integration testing phase, since it does not combine the product into a group or checks data consistency. It just drives the product as user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration test steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploy product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup environment (database, users, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Selenium tests on full-stack (browser, webservice, datastore and back)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now with Selenium you can only verify the user visible results. Lets say you deleted some records and in the user view it looks correct, but maybe the delete deleted more then the user has access rights to see. How do you check? You will need some extra library or tools with your test-runner framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also Selenium is not ideal for testing web-service API's, you might need something for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is just the driver for the web-application user interface. I think its maybe the most important part of the test-stack, but you will need a build-server, unit-test framework, data setup and verification tools, report parsers, etc... :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/516915/how-to-automate-integration-testing&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/516915/how-to-automate-integration-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T08:56:36.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14189" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-07T08:59:31.523" Score="1" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am passing &lt;code&gt;sendKeys( )&lt;/code&gt; through search grid to search a particular string.I am able to click that search text but its not clicking the search string ,Below is the html for that search text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input  name=&quot;ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtSessionName&quot;&#xA;        type=&quot;text&quot;&#xA;        onchange=&quot;javascript:setTimeout('__doPostBack(\'ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtSessionName\',\'\')', 0)&quot;&#xA;        onkeypress=&quot;if (WebForm_TextBoxKeyHandler(event) == false) return false;&quot;&#xA;        id=&quot;ContentPlaceHolder1_txtSessionName&quot;&#xA;        class=&quot;search-icon&quot;&#xA;        placeholder=&quot;Session Title/Track Name&quot;&#xA;        onkeyup=&quot;ShowSearch();&quot;&#xA;        title=&quot;Session Name&quot;&#xA;        autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&#xA;        style=&quot;width: 300px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used with below code but not working:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First try&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtSessionName&quot;).sendKeys(searchSessionText);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second try&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebELment= driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtSessionName&quot;));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor rightexecutor = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;rightexecutor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].setAttribute('value','searchSessionText')&quot;, Element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Third try:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement&#xA;Element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$txtSessionName&quot;));&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;builder.moveToElement(Element).sendKeys(searchSessionText).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fourth try:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement&#xA;Element=driver.findElement(DesignerLocators.EmailTemplateEditorTemplateName);&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;builder.moveToElement(Element).click().sendKeys(searchSessionText).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fifth try&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement Element=driver.findElement(DesignerLocators.EmailTemplateEditorTemplateName);&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;builder.moveToElement(Element).click(Element).sendKeys(searchSessionText).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T13:17:07.040" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:17:07.040" Title="search string text in search grid is not working using send keys" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14190" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14191" CreationDate="2015-08-07T10:50:53.270" Score="14" ViewCount="171229" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium web driver and appium as this is mobile application automation,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to check that if element is there or not and based on that I have put conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; long starttime = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA; long endtime = starttime + 60*1000; // 60 seconds * 1000 ms/sec;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;while(System.currentTimeMillis() &amp;lt; endtime)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    notcount = driver.findElement(By.id(AppConstants.notificationcount));&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;if(notcount.equals(null))&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;No Element found&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    //SOME ANOTHER STEPS&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here issue is when element is not there , instead to redirect to ELSE part , selenium stops execution and throwing exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not want to use List -findelements here as that is taking long time to find element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-08-10T03:03:37.103" LastActivityDate="2020-12-24T17:22:32.027" Title="How to continue script when element is not found in selenium" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14190" CreationDate="2015-08-07T11:59:24.043" Score="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; will return an empty list if no matching elements are found &lt;strong&gt;instead of an exception&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To check that an element is present, you could try this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Boolean isPresent = driver.findElements(By.yourLocator).size() &amp;gt; 0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will return true if at least one element is found and false if it does not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Text copied from: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7991522/selenium-webdriver-test-if-element-is-present&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7991522/selenium-webdriver-test-if-element-is-present&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another posbility is to use a Try/Catch construction, see this for more info: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6521270/webdriver-check-if-an-element-exists&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6521270/webdriver-check-if-an-element-exists&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T11:09:27.683" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T11:09:27.683" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14186" CreationDate="2015-08-07T13:06:11.287" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can do that. For this you need to save your common/shared test steps in a new test case and then change it to a template using &lt;strong&gt;'Mark as Template Test'&lt;/strong&gt;. Then where ever you need these shared steps, open that test case and in the test step section of that case select the option &lt;strong&gt;'Call to Test'&lt;/strong&gt; and then select the shared test case template which you want to import.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/19qDY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/19qDY.png&quot; alt=&quot;Call to Test Button&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way when you change the template steps, it will be reflected to all other cases too. Content has been taken from this link &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/10136/can-test-cases-have-shared-steps-in-hp-quality-center&quot;&gt;Can test cases have &amp;quot;shared steps&amp;quot; in HP Quality Center?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:27:49.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7406" CreationDate="2015-08-07T13:08:21.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, record the test without using Proxy. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.smartmeter.io/blog/improve-jmeter-script-recording-introducing-smartmeter-recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SmartMeter Recorder&lt;/a&gt; uses Chrome plugin for test recording thus avoiding any difficulties with setting up the proxy server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12960" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T13:08:21.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6440" CreationDate="2015-08-07T14:06:19.247" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the same kinds of tests are repeated again and again, eventually the same set of test cases will no longer be able to find any new bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To overcome this “Pesticide Paradox”, it is really very important to review the test cases regularly and new and different tests need to be written to exercise different parts of the software or system to potentially find more defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12963" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T14:18:33.393" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T14:18:33.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14190" CreationDate="2015-08-07T14:31:30.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;(note I haven't tried this in java, but this is how to do it in C#)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should place the findelement in a &lt;em&gt;try/catch&lt;/em&gt; block, so that if the element is not found you can catch the exception and do the correct thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;selector&quot;));&#xA;} &#xA;catch(NoSuchElementException)&#xA;{&#xA;    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Element does not exist!&quot;);&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I will note that it looks like you are trying to implement your own webdriver wait behavior, so maybe look into the first answer here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11736027/webdriver-wait-for-element&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11736027/webdriver-wait-for-element&lt;/a&gt; which explains how to wait for elements with explicit waits in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T15:08:30.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14196" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14453" CreationDate="2015-08-07T14:36:24.110" Score="0" ViewCount="9885" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a small test using C# in Selenium Webdriver, for this test I first used Selenium IDE and then converted that IDE code to C# code and created Project in VSTS C#. But while running the same I am getting an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;An unhandled exception of type 'OpenQA.Selenium.NoSuchElementException' occurred in WebDriver.dll&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This error occurs at this point&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.AreEqual(&quot;My Timesheet&quot;, driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;My Timesheet&quot;)).Text);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched the same over StackExchange but not able to get the exact solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28864493/net-selenium-nosuchelementexception-webdriverwait-until-doesnt-work&quot;&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt;, &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17491423/need-c-sharp-to-break-on-selenium-first-chance-exceptions&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt;, &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16443825/selenium-dom-not-refreshing-after-javascript-has-loaded-element&quot;&gt;Link 3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a id=&quot;&quot; href=&quot;#null&quot; title=&quot;&quot; onclick=&quot;getTimesheet(this, 1, true)&quot;&amp;gt;My Timesheet&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T15:45:05.373" Title="Unhandled exception in Selenium Webdriver with C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14190" CreationDate="2015-08-07T14:54:22.340" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are experiencing is a &lt;strong&gt;fast-fail&lt;/strong&gt; type of behavior when you use &lt;code&gt;.findElement&lt;/code&gt; .   You don't really need to use &lt;code&gt;.findElements(el)&lt;/code&gt;   to get a soft-fail behavior.  What you could do is something like this instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void checkElementPresence(final WebDriver driver,final By by,final String errorMsg){&#xA;  new WebDriverWaitWithMessage(driver,10).failWith(errorMsg).until(new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;(){&#xA;    @Override public Boolean apply(    WebDriver webDriver){&#xA;      try {&#xA;        return driver.findElement(by).isDisplayed();&#xA;      }&#xA; catch (      NoSuchElementException ignored) {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;      }&#xA;catch (      StaleElementReferenceException ignored) {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;      }&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But requires this support class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected static class WebDriverWaitWithMessage extends WebDriverWait {&#xA;&#xA;        private String message;&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriverWaitWithMessage(WebDriver driver, long timeOutInSeconds) {&#xA;            super(driver, timeOutInSeconds);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriverWait failWith(String message) {&#xA;            if (message == null || message.length() == 0) {&#xA;                throw new IllegalArgumentException(&quot;Error message must not be null nor empty&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            this.message = message;&#xA;            return this;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public &amp;lt;V&amp;gt; V until(Function&amp;lt;? super WebDriver, V&amp;gt; isTrue) {&#xA;            if (message == null) {&#xA;                return super.until(isTrue);&#xA;            } else {&#xA;                try {&#xA;                    return super.until(isTrue);&#xA;                } catch (TimeoutException e) {&#xA;                    throw new TimeoutException(message, e);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T22:57:20.037" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T22:57:20.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14176" CreationDate="2015-08-07T15:49:50.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do. I use Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In page object, I use dictionary to map locator names to locator values. So even if locator value changes, its name stays same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To fill the form, I create good old Dictionary, mapping locator names to values to be filled. Sometimes page fields needs to be filled in exact order, in that case I use Ordered Dictionary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Base page (from which all pages inherit) have fill() method which gets dictionary (possibly ordered), replaces locator names to real locators which page defines, and locates widgets using these locators and fills them using provided values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was quite obvious, once I realized I need Ordered Dict, to keep form fields filled in required order. All was inspired Fowler's post on pageobject pattern linked in @user246 answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T15:49:50.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14201" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-07T18:08:09.650" Score="1" ViewCount="1678" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I run my test cases individually they run ok and pass. But when I run a test suite, some of the test cases fail and when I re-run the test suite, the same test cases pass but fails another set of test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I introduced wait cycles between all the test cases. I have 1000's of test cases and I kept doing that for each and individual test cases. in between code, after each test script(case)... but I want to know how to deal with such fails when there are 1000's of test cases.  I don't know if I am doing it right. Please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12966" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T07:20:10.427" Title="QTP Test cases fail sometimes and pass sometimes. Individually they pass" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14215" CreationDate="2015-08-07T18:22:18.977" Score="3" ViewCount="707" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a general question, which pretty much is, How do I test &lt;a href=&quot;http://lucene.apache.org/solr/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOLR&lt;/a&gt; queries using Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose we have a SOLR query JSON file, which pretty much looks like a huge pile of text containing values in form of &lt;strong&gt;Key-Value&lt;/strong&gt; pair. From this file, I want to assess particular value(s), e.g. the title of an article list page which may have a lot of different title values. Then I need to match this value(s) to the front end to see if they are equal or not, e.g the SOLR query text/JSON file has a value like &lt;code&gt;&quot;title&quot;:&quot;2006 Ford Expedition: Used Car Review&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. I want to test this thing with Selenium to see if it matches correctly to the article list page value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the SOLR results were a web page it will be easy to do this but since the SOLR query gives a text file, I can't access the value. And the SOLR query always gets updated so its result might change. Thus, I need a convenient affirm way to access particular values and test this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-10T08:35:48.543" LastActivityDate="2019-01-11T04:40:44.003" Title="Using Selenium to test SOLR queries" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14202" CreationDate="2015-08-07T19:50:35.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can tell you the approach, because we have we used similar thing in our project but not with Selenium. I think this will work with Selenium too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First you need to open the text file in browser (Firefox) using Selenium &lt;em&gt;(this can be done, launch browser and set the navigation URL which should be the path of that text file)&lt;/em&gt; and then move your focus to that Tab/Window &lt;em&gt;(if not already there)&lt;/em&gt;. Once your focus is moved, find the &lt;strong&gt;Key&lt;/strong&gt; using the &lt;strong&gt;findElement&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;RegEx&lt;/strong&gt; functions. Using a loop save all the &lt;strong&gt;Value(s)&lt;/strong&gt; for that &lt;strong&gt;Key&lt;/strong&gt; to a &lt;strong&gt;Excel file&lt;/strong&gt; (not text file as comparison will be easy in Excel then text). Once all values are saved in Excel, pick value from Excel one-by-one using a loop (get the count of rows in Excel for starting loop) and compare the same to the front end values. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update your excel for the comparison result i.e. if Values are equal mark &lt;strong&gt;'Pass'&lt;/strong&gt; in excel else &lt;strong&gt;Fail&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Not Found&lt;/strong&gt;. Then the Excel will show you the final result set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By this way if result in SOLR text file is updated then that will update only your excel sheet values (which you founded by using RegEx) and that excel sheet is again compared to the updated values of Front end. Hence, update of SOLR text file should not affect your script &lt;strong&gt;(Assuming name of KEY is not changed or updated)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-07T19:56:25.730" LastActivityDate="2015-08-07T19:56:25.730" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-07T20:22:44.617" Score="4" ViewCount="6002" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate the file comparison which are available in different formats. &#xA;Is there any tool which can be helpful for this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12964" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:13:58.227" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:13:58.227" Title="Automating file comparison (different formats like csv, text etc)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16870" CreationDate="2015-08-07T21:37:22.967" Score="4" ViewCount="2305" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now I am trying with a Java library called tn5250j, which provides scripting capabilities, but it is not well documented and I didn't find much on the Internet.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have experience with this library, or with any other tool in order to automate test cases for a COBOL program, running on an iSeries/AS400 server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12944" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T02:43:26.540" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T02:43:26.540" Title="Automating test cases for COBOL programs" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T21:41:07.287" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14204" CreationDate="2015-08-08T10:42:25.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter can read the files with its &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Sampler&lt;/a&gt; (just specify &lt;code&gt;file&lt;/code&gt; in &quot;Protocol&quot; input and full path to your file in &lt;code&gt;Path&lt;/code&gt; input. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter can apply &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Assertions&lt;/a&gt; to conditionally mark tests as passed or failed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter can parse binary formats like MS Word, Excel, PDF, etc. so supported formats will be not limited only to txt and CSV. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/what-every-performance-tester-should-know-about-extracting-data-files-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Extract Data From Files With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for comprehensive information on how this could be done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-08T10:42:25.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14207" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-08T18:06:48.033" Score="8" ViewCount="21142" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there methods for testing 2FA signup or login? I would assume judicious use of dummy phone numbers and/or emails would be involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2634" LastActivityDate="2021-03-22T19:14:27.530" Title="Is it possible to automate testing involving Two-factor Authentication?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14208" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-09T06:30:40.753" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the distractions you face daily while doing testing in your office? Are there any steps to cope up with those, like how do you manage to get the job done with utmost quality in between those distractions? Could you give any examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T01:36:35.103" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T01:36:35.103" Title="Distractions in software testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-05-24T12:34:37.477" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14208" CreationDate="2015-08-09T08:36:39.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One question: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is your office space like?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Distractions often are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/items/2008/12/29.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ubiquitous&lt;/a&gt;. You can only try to circumvent. Headphones is one option, changing work hours is another. Changing your &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/fog0000000339.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;expectations&lt;/a&gt; is a third.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what you need to do is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find out average/acceptable performance. You may not have a problem at all.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Detect production breaking habits, circumstances and possibly colleagues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Omit, avoid, condition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change your own behaviour. Come in early when everyone else comes in late for example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acquire headphones, turn your desk to the wall, whatever works best.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Colleagues often are hardest to cope with when breaking your concentration with frequent easy to solve questions or just plain chitchat. Set aside fixed working hours for uninterrupted work, COMMUNICATE these with the reason, put up a sign on your desk while these last.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T01:36:09.317" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T01:36:09.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14208" CreationDate="2015-08-09T13:47:29.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I try the following things when I am getting distracted while working:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I work at lunch time, usually when everyone leaves for lunch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meetings are one more distractions. So if there is no planned meeting, I would skip them off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Listening to music or I just keep headset to make myself focus.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If some tasks got delayed due to unplanned meetings/discussions - I would try to complete when everyone leaves office or come early and finish the task first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I try to keep myself away from group of testers sits together, without unnecessary discussions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4616" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-08-10T11:55:40.020" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T11:55:40.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14205" CreationDate="2015-08-09T15:26:16.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not expirienced in COBOL so also not in testing it but here are some links I found on google. If they are useful I can't evaluate. (&lt;em&gt;@All: But as this text is too long for comment I put it as an answer.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gse-nordic.org/2013/S604%20-%20What%20is%20zUnit%20-%20A%20journey%20into%20unit%20testing.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Presentation: zUnit  - A journey into unit testing COBOL and PLI applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/site/cobolunit/about&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;COBOLUnit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.veryant.com/support/phpkb/question.php?ID=151&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Post about COBOL automating tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microfocus.com/assets/9-functional-testing-of-cobol_tcm6-203958.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Presentation about silktest which should be for automating COBOL&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This shows you what you've tested but won't automate it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.semanticdesigns.com/Products/TestCoverage/COBOLTestCoverage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;COBOL Test Coverage Tool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T15:26:16.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13747" CreationDate="2015-08-09T15:43:19.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how to set databases in &lt;em&gt;django&lt;/em&gt; in general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/#std:setting-DATABASES&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Django Settings: DATABASES&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is about &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/testing/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;writing and using tests in &lt;em&gt;django&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; while this link is about using &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/internals/contributing/writing-code/unit-tests/#using-another-settings-module&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;unit tests in &lt;em&gt;django&lt;/em&gt; and configure database settings for it&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's all from the django manual. I can't evaluate if it helps as I'm not into &lt;em&gt;django&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T15:43:19.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14207" CreationDate="2015-08-09T17:18:48.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As long as you can provide these inputs from a external source like &lt;strong&gt;CSV file&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Excel&lt;/strong&gt; etc. it is possible. But if you want to automate authentication like receiving an &lt;strong&gt;OTP&lt;/strong&gt; on mobile number and then using it for authentication then it will not be possible, as such things are introduced to avoid any Robotic or Automating behavior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again same will not be possible if you have to authenticate using some RSA key or any other token generator device. In most of the cases we have to skip such functionalities for automation or you can say they are exceptions e.g. one of the application we authenticated uses &lt;strong&gt;Static + RSA&lt;/strong&gt; generated password on the login page, thus for testing purpose we always use commented the use of &lt;strong&gt;RSA&lt;/strong&gt; token in configuration file. After that the Static password should be correct one and RSA key value can be anything &lt;em&gt;(but the count of key should be valid)&lt;/em&gt;, in this way we implemented our tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such, features are exceptions to automation or you can say such tweakings needs to be done sometime in code for achieving testing. These things are usually part of the analysis which a QA do, to see &lt;strong&gt;What can be Automated and What can't be?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes,&lt;/strong&gt; you can automate the same if you are saving this generated OTP or any kind of dynamic password which is being sent to mobile numbers, somewhere in your database. Then you need to connect that Database using the Automation tool (which is possible with almost every tool like JMeter, Test Studio, Selenium) and then extract that &lt;strong&gt;Unique Key&lt;/strong&gt; value from database and use it in your automation code for successful authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-09T17:18:48.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14219" CreationDate="2015-08-10T08:26:38.337" Score="1" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any standard format for reports i.e. order of the columns in the reports? For example, we have usually ID's, Names, Dates. Addresses, Amount etc in the reports. Is there any standard for the order of these columns? Because i have to standardized and test a huge portal containing these kind of similar reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12974" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T14:40:22.130" Title="Standard format for Reporting" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14202" CreationDate="2015-08-10T08:46:29.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure Selenium is the right tool to test JSON API's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JSON Viewer&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you could add a JSON viewer extention to the browser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome: &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/jsonview/chklaanhfefbnpoihckbnefhakgolnmc?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/jsonview/chklaanhfefbnpoihckbnefhakgolnmc?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox: &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/jsonview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/jsonview/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Internet Explorer: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/216175/View-JSON-in-Internet-Explorer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/216175/View-JSON-in-Internet-Explorer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After installing the viewer, JSON will not be downloaded as a text file, but displayed as a text page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parse downloaded file&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also load the downloaded file from Java with a JSON Parser and then do asserts on the JSON object. Have a look at this blog post: &lt;a href=&quot;http://crunchify.com/how-to-read-json-object-from-file-in-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://crunchify.com/how-to-read-json-object-from-file-in-java/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternatives&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would look at something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-driver/rest-driver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rest-driver&lt;/a&gt; to test the JSON return values, since there is no real need for a browser, unless you have a complex session setup. Also read this question for more API testing tools: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12135309/automated-testing-for-rest-api&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12135309/automated-testing-for-rest-api&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T08:52:17.643" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14216" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-10T10:23:58.647" Score="1" ViewCount="8983" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using page object model. Here is XPath that I have written for Heading of the page and stored it in the &lt;strong&gt;heading&lt;/strong&gt; WebElement variable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy( xpath = &quot;//div[@class='page-title category-title']&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement heading;`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal is to get or extract the XPath back from the element &lt;strong&gt;heading&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;I have tried printing it but the result I am getting is, &lt;code&gt;System.out.println(heading)&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;gave me: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[FirefoxDriver: firefox on WINDOWS (4520a9a1-c58b-4b34-ae3e-48613e6e7005)] -&amp;gt; xpath: //div[@class='page-title category-title']]`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And my expectation is : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='page-title category-title'] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as a string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8557" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T14:36:49.393" LastActivityDate="2019-09-09T12:17:14.533" Title="Retrieving xpath from stored webelement variable" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14217" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-10T10:49:35.333" Score="9" ViewCount="474" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying on understand what are the common skills and knowledge that candidates for technical testers are missing and thus failing at job interviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason I ask those questions stems from the time we spent and invested into finding the right testers for projects in two companies I have been to. For the last several months, we have been searching for a technical testers for regular positions, rejecting more than 20 candidates on a way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found some common reasons for rejecting candidates (below), but I wonder whether they are common only for our projects or my local market. If those skills are more common, maybe there's some training missing in my area? Or maybe testers do not know what skills they need to learn? Or maybe those skills are more common for developers and we should try to convert them into testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overestimation of one’s programming skills&lt;/strong&gt;. Many candidates thought that if they were scripting tests in Selenium, then they know programming. An example of such a failure was when an experience test automation engineer was not able to implement simple function that parse integer from a string. Programming goes much beyond Selenium scripting and I think is a vital skill when a tester is supposed to write backend test and contribute to the test automation library.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Poor test case design skills&lt;/strong&gt;. Many candidates for more business-like positions (or simply black-box testing positions) were not able to apply test case design techniques for real problems even though they had ISTQB certificates that certify they should. They were also often unaware of possible negative test cases that could trick the system or crash it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reluctant to troubleshoot bugs&lt;/strong&gt;. Many candidates failed at troubleshooting bugs they reported, leaving the whole responsibility to the developer. While the line who should do what is negotiable and depends on many factors&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, I believe basic troubleshooting information can lead to better cooperation between testers and developers and thus shorten the time necessary for fixing the bug. The classical failure in this area was when a tester could not explain during interview what was the architecture of the system they had tested in their previous position and thus could not pinpoint where potential integration bug could occur.  When such testers were employed, they often reported bug reports that were hard to reproduce for developers and thus often closed as invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faught, D. R., How to Make your Bugs Lonely: Tips on Bug Isolation.  ANNUAL PACIFIC NORTHWEST SOFTWARE QUALITY CONFERENCE; 471-480;  2004&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T15:51:36.617" LastActivityDate="2018-12-12T05:27:43.143" Title="What skills technical testers candidates are missing?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14216" CreationDate="2015-08-10T14:30:47.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know why you want the output like this , but i can think of one way of getting you the class name instead of the whole xpath,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(heading.getAttribute(&quot;class&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which will give you result as &lt;strong&gt;page-title category-title&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can prefix &amp;amp; postfix with you xpath string if only you want the output like that, then again as i said, i don't know why you need output string like that,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(&quot;//div[@class='&quot;+heading.getAttribute(&quot;class&quot;)+&quot;']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to know out of curiosity, whats the purpose of doing this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9381" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T14:30:47.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14214" CreationDate="2015-08-10T14:40:22.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For users, it is preferable that first few columns are in the sort order. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another good heuristics is to group short fields and related fields, and put important/required fields to left, and optional/unimportant fields to the right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T14:40:22.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14220" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-10T14:47:34.187" Score="5" ViewCount="22313" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to import test cases from &lt;strong&gt;Excel&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;TFS 2013&lt;/strong&gt;. For this I have already gone through the link &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13343/importing-manual-tests-to-tfs&quot;&gt;SQA&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/get-started/test/create-tests-vs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;VSTS&lt;/a&gt;, but my issue is not getting resolved from these links. I can't use &lt;strong&gt;'Test Case Migrator Plus'&lt;/strong&gt; as for running any exe on my machine I need to ask special permissions from the IT help desk team which is in itself a big task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Issue is I am not able to import &lt;strong&gt;Steps&lt;/strong&gt; i.e. &lt;strong&gt;Action&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Expected Result&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;TFS&lt;/strong&gt; from &lt;strong&gt;Excel&lt;/strong&gt; sheet. On trying to import these from Excel, everything &lt;em&gt;(all actions and their expected results)&lt;/em&gt; get imported to one single column only, like shown below&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DyTLa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DyTLa.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen that when I export test cases from TFS to Excel then &lt;strong&gt;Actions&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Expected Result&lt;/strong&gt; get exported as &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;P&amp;gt;Step1&amp;lt;/P&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;P&amp;gt;Result 1&amp;lt;/P&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;P&amp;gt;Step2&amp;lt;/P&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;DIV&amp;gt;&amp;lt;P&amp;gt;Result 2&amp;lt;/P&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/DIV&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;Steps&lt;/strong&gt; column, so as per this pattern I configured &lt;strong&gt;Actions&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Expected Result&lt;/strong&gt; in my &lt;strong&gt;Excel&lt;/strong&gt; sheet with same &lt;strong&gt;DIV&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt; tags, but on importing they are not getting imported as required rather they are getting import to single column as shown above and all test cases sheet gets messed up in TFS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In actual after import Steps should look like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OC8xr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OC8xr.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How this thing can be achieved from Excel to TFS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2019-11-05T13:28:36.820" Title="Importing Test cases from Excel to TFS" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14140" CreationDate="2015-08-10T14:48:25.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Slightly different approach, this worked for me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterMethod&#xA;public void writeResult(ITestResult result)&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        if(result.getStatus() == ITestResult.SUCCESS)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            //Do your excel writing stuff here&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if(result.getStatus() == ITestResult.FAILURE)&#xA;        {&#xA;            takeScreenshot(dateTimeStamp,driver,methodName);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Log Message:: @AfterMethod: Method-&quot;+methodName+&quot;- has Failed&quot;);&#xA;            //Do your excel writing stuff here&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if(result.getStatus() == ITestResult.SKIP)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Log Message::@AfterMethod: Method-&quot;+methodName+&quot;- has Skipped&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch(Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;\nLog Message::@AfterMethod: Exception caught&quot;);&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9381" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T14:48:25.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14085" CreationDate="2015-08-10T14:56:22.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22034583/automating-qlikview-charts-using-selenium&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; question asked by me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found portals built using qlikview charts rather very complex &amp;amp; tricky to automate using selenium.Find a demo &lt;a href=&quot;http://ap.demo.qlik.com/QvAJAXZfc/opendoc.htm?document=qvdocs%2FRetail%20Omni-Channel%20Analytics.qvw&amp;amp;host=Demo11&amp;amp;anonymous=true&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9381" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T14:56:22.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14223" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-10T16:01:28.117" Score="1" ViewCount="558" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having a problem with my continuous integration, using Selenium IDE I can use &lt;code&gt;clickAt&lt;/code&gt;, but while trying to build the &quot;program&quot; in eclipse I always get the error saying that &lt;code&gt;clickAt&lt;/code&gt; is an &quot;Unsupported command&quot;, what should I do ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12981" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-10T17:54:19.173" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T17:54:19.173" Title="&quot;clickAt&quot; not working in Eclipse using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14223" CreationDate="2015-08-10T16:47:13.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I always get the error saying that clickAt is an &quot;Unsupported command&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will get this when converting Selenium IDE code to any language. It simply means that the webdriver version you are using doesn't have a 1-to-1 functionality match with the IDE options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what should I do ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;actions&lt;/a&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/8536/11015&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; SO answer for an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T16:47:13.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14217" CreationDate="2015-08-10T17:05:00.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If those skills are more common, maybe there's some training missing in my area?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what your &quot;area&quot; is but, training and certifications can be done online via ISTQB (on-line or in person).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Or maybe testers do not know what skills they need to learn? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that like CS, QA can come from many backgrounds; ranging from manual to automation specialist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Or maybe those skills are more common for developers and we should try to convert them into testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A dev would still require training and will be more expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I'll cover each bullet point:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Overestimation of one’s programming skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happens all the time. The only way to gauge is to test. In past interviews I have been asked and have asked others to write a simple coded test. Point out that Selenium IDE can be used, but the test needs to be executed using something like JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Poor test case design skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asking them to provide coded examples in the interview will shed light on test design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reluctant to troubleshoot bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often this requires domain knowledge. Having steps to reproduce ought to be enough for any dev to turn on debugging and step through.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T17:05:00.590" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14226" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14228" CreationDate="2015-08-10T18:50:39.013" Score="0" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to click on a oneselectmenu and select an item made of primefaces JSF using protractor js.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heres my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  it ('should pesquisa', function () {&#xA;    browser.get('localhost:8080/myapp/geral.xhtml');    &#xA;&#xA;    var agruparPorFocus = element(protractor.By.xpath('//div[@id=&quot;form-pesquisa:consultarPor_panel&quot;]/div/ul/li[4]')).click();&#xA;    var agruparPorInput = element(protractor.By.id('form-pesquisa:consultarPor_input'));&#xA;&#xA;   });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I'm getting this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ElementNotVisibleError: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with&#xA;Build info: version: '2.45.0', revision: '5017cb8', time: '2015-02-26 23:59:50'&#xA;System info: host: 'Lilian-fx', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '3.13.0-53-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_45'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;   Stacktrace:&#xA;     ElementNotVisibleError: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with&#xA;Build info: version: '2.45.0', revision: '5017cb8', time: '2015-02-26 23:59:50'&#xA;System info: host: 'Lilian-fx', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '3.13.0-53-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_45'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;    at Array.forEach (native)&#xA;Error&#xA;    at [object Object].&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (/home/lilian-fx/workspace/protractor/fwLite/spec.fwl.js:60:115)&#xA;    at runMicrotasksCallback (node.js:337:7)&#xA;From: Task: Asynchronous test function: it()&#xA;Error&#xA;    at [object Object].&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (/home/lilian-fx/workspace/protractor/fwLite/spec.fwl.js:49:2)&#xA;    at Object.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (/home/lilian-fx/workspace/protractor/fwLite/spec.fwl.js:5:1)&#xA;&#xA;Finished in 17.565 seconds&#xA;5 tests, 4 assertions, 1 failure&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that is the HTML code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ui-helper-hidden-accessible&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input id=&quot;form-pesquisa:consultarPor_focus&quot; name=&quot;form-pesquisa:consultarPor_focus&quot;&#xA;    autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ui-helper-hidden-accessible&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;select id=&quot;form-pesquisa:consultarPor_input&quot; name=&quot;form-pesquisa:consultarPor_input&quot;&#xA;    tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; onchange=&quot;PrimeFaces.ab({s:'form-pesquisa:consultarPor',e:'change',p:'form-pesquisa:consultarPor'});&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            Meia Hora&#xA;        &amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            Dia&#xA;        &amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            Mês&#xA;        &amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;option value=&quot;4&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            Ano&#xA;        &amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label style=&quot;width: 335px;&quot; id=&quot;form-pesquisa:consultarPor_label&quot; class=&quot;ui-selectonemenu-label ui-inputfield ui-corner-all&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    Dia&#xA;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ui-selectonemenu-trigger ui-state-default ui-corner-right&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ui-icon ui-icon-triangle-1-s ui-c&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-selectonemenu-item ui-selectonemenu-list-item ui-corner-all&quot;&#xA;data-label=&quot;Meia Hora&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    Meia Hora&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-selectonemenu-item ui-selectonemenu-list-item ui-corner-all ui-state-highlight&quot;&#xA;data-label=&quot;Dia&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    Dia&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-selectonemenu-item ui-selectonemenu-list-item ui-corner-all&quot;&#xA;data-label=&quot;Mês&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    Mês&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;o&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;o&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-selectonemenu-item ui-selectonemenu-list-item ui-corner-all&quot;&#xA;data-label=&quot;Ano&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    Ano&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12986" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T02:10:56.707" Title="Protractor on JSF" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-10T20:00:14.480" Score="0" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an iOS app that uses 2FA for certain account related features. I'd like to create some UI automation tests for those features, but they require receiving either SMS messages or email. On a simulator, there is no such way to access SMS. I think it might be possible to access the email instead, but that would involve opening up Mobile Safari and logging into an email account- do iOS automation frameworks even support that level of granularity for accessing UIWebViews?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it even possible to have automated tests for 2FA? One presumes that if there's a way to access the test account's SMS or email accounts- so on a device, not in the simulator- it might be feasible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2634" OwnerDisplayName="Apophenia Overload" LastActivityDate="2015-08-10T21:07:11.917" Title="Is it possible to UI automate testing involving Two-factor Authentication for an iOS app?" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-08-13T01:46:40.827" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14226" CreationDate="2015-08-11T02:10:56.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first line of issue log itself tells you what is happening. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ElementNotVisibleError: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;means that the protractor cannot find this element to interact with. This may be because the element may be visible on the browser after some time ( may be due to some AJAX call).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would suggest you is to have a kind of wait implemented so that you can wait for a specific period of time, until the element is visible and then access it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never use Protractor, but a quick search tells me that you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/commit/9bc1c53e40161521b0c125a810f86235c974f100&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/a&gt; to achieve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a good &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27737333/expected-conditions-in-protractor&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; which tells you how you can implement a custom wait (called Explicit Wait) using the ExpectedConditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T02:10:56.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14229" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-11T05:30:09.493" Score="1" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my current project, we have started to develop a Mobile app besides the Web-app. So, I'm curious and want to have your advice about :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the difference between mobile app vs web-app? When testing mobile app, what are things that we need to focus on?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When defining the process, (called Mobile testing process), what's the process that you will suggest to your PM, PO to have a best quality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the difficult thing that you meet or you think we will meet in mobile testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any comment is welcome. &#xA;Thank you a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9058" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T07:15:42.470" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:21:06.707" Title="Mobile testing process: pro vs cons" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14230" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-11T06:55:32.577" Score="3" ViewCount="555" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to &quot;Manual Testing&quot;. Just wanted to know the difference between Smoke Testing and Sanity Testing with software examples for better understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12798" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T09:26:15.327" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T09:26:15.327" Title="Difference between Smoke Testing and Sanity Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-08-13T01:47:24.913" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14231" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-11T07:33:31.017" Score="2" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a External HDD manufacturing company. We have product label on each External indicating the serial number, Part Number and Name of the product. We are manufacturing different models so the product name is different for each models. I just want to ensure that correct product label is sticked for the correct model. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my idea was to capture the text on the product label and make computer to identify the text from the picture and verify it with the data in the server. This way I can make sure about the quality. But I don't know how and where to start. So I need  help on this issue and direct me in right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12990" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T07:36:36.183" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T09:14:34.603" Title="Software to capture and read text using camera" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14230" CreationDate="2015-08-11T07:34:39.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Smoke Testing&lt;/strong&gt; : After a new build, Smoke testing an application means checking that the critical functions of the application still work. Smoke testing is done to reject any badly broken software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main idea behind this test is that if the primary application functionality is not working, then there is no point carrying on further testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a typical smoke test for a web application would be that is launches successfully. If the web application returns a 404 error or fails to lunch, then there is no point in testing anything further. We need to fix the bugs so that the primary functions work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanity Testing&lt;/strong&gt; : After receiving a build with minor changes in the code or functionality, a subset of regression test cases are executed that to check whether it rectified the software bugs or issues and no other software bug is introduced by the changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The objective is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; to verify the new functionality, but to verify that the developer has applied some  rationality or 'sanity' while fixing the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll find a lot of good links if you search on Google, where you can find a much detailed description. Here are two such links : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/smoke-sanity-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/smoke-testing-and-sanity-testing-difference/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T07:34:39.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14231" CreationDate="2015-08-11T08:25:42.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should start from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tesseract-ocr&lt;/a&gt; (former known as HP Labs OCR). I had used it for captcha for web automation long time ago. The accuracy is very high given that you have a good image quality. The image quality should no be a problem in your case if you provide good lighting on the label. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your setup would be capture the image to a local file, then use tessearct-ocr to read characters for you in specific regions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T08:25:42.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14229" CreationDate="2015-08-11T11:57:12.420" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing concept will remain same for mobile like UI Testing, functional Testing, Security Testing, Performance Testing and a lot more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there are lot of things need to check in mobile which is not covered in web testing. This is Good &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tmap.net/sites/default/files/Checklist_Mobile_App_Testing_0.docx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mobile application testing checklist.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other some example of things, different in mobile testing are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Testing in different devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Testing with different networks like wifi , 4G, 3G, 2G etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your Testing cycle will be same just will need different test cases than website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2019-05-03T13:05:12.407" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T13:05:12.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14236" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-11T13:14:38.563" Score="0" ViewCount="2017" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here is the Scenario:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am testing a Restful web service. I am simulating JMeter as an endpoint. &#xA;In actual there are 13000 End points that communicate with the Web services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am simulating same 13000 endpoints as threads. I am unable to determine the ramp up time.&#xA;I feel that keeping lest ramp up time will make my computer unstable as the individual threads use some amount of RAM so collectively 13000 threads will use lots of memory.&#xA;I am reading data for each thread from  .csv (unique data for each endpoint) file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have separate machines for performing testing.&#xA;I will run these tests on my machine with 8 GB of RAM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest your valuable inputs.&#xA;Will the ramp up time impact my test results..?&#xA;How will it impact and its adverse impact when the time is less or more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T11:03:21.557" Title="How much Ramp up time should I set" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14236" CreationDate="2015-08-11T14:00:45.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;See 13000 threads is a huge amount, which can cause your machine to get hang and other issues like &amp;quot;Memory Out of Index&amp;quot;, High CPU usage etc. and that depends upon your script too i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How many requests are there in your script? -- Generally REST requests are not that heavy and I am considering that you have only 1 REST request in your script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How many listeners and what type of listeners you have used? -- Use light lisenters like 'Data Writer', 'Aggregate Report'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't use any Assertion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best possible way would be to use distributed environment but it is not possible in your case (as you mentioned). So you must specify the Ramp Up time in your script to avoid loss of your machine and time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the question is how much Ramp Up you need to specify. The best way is to go by Hit and Trial method. You first need to execute your script for 1000 or 2000 threads load, and then see if it works fine or not. If it is not working fine then add some Ramp Up as this will provide some time to JMeter to have some rest and get back its breath. Start with Ramp Up of 10 secs for 2000 threads and see the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If this works fine then it indicates that you can load upto 200 threads per second, so set your Ramp Up for 13000 threads accordingly. But if you think 2000 threads is easy target then go for 5000 threads.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If this doesn't work fine then increase your Ramp Up time in such a way that you get that threshold value (i.e. Ramp Up = X) at which your script works fine for 2000 threads and decide you Ramp Up for 13000 threads accordingly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are no hard and fast rules for setting up Ramp Up time, it all depends on your machine, its configuration, JMeter heap size, your script, its size and elements being used in your script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T14:00:45.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14242" CreationDate="2015-08-11T17:29:40.817" Score="1" ViewCount="1841" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen a couple of ways to test if an element exists. One way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private boolean existsElement(String id) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(id));&#xA;    } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;    return true;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And another way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Boolean isPresent = driver.findElements(By.yourLocator).size() &amp;gt; 0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but adding an exception to test something isn't good practice and using the size method will take too long if you have an implicit wait. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other efficient ways to test for existence? If not, which of the two will be the preferred way to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T20:06:20.187" Title="Existence of an element" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14239" CreationDate="2015-08-11T17:54:48.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.html#findElement-org.openqa.selenium.By-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official documentation&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;findElement should not be used to look for non-present elements, use findElements(By) and assert zero length response instead&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easy to put that in a wrapper method, and temporarily reduce the implicit waiting time to a very low number. An example in C#, kind of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static bool isElementPresent(IWebDriver d, By locator)&#xA;    {&#xA;        d.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100));&#xA;        bool isPresent = driver.findElements(locator).size() &amp;gt; 0;&#xA;        d.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(defaultTimeVariable);&#xA;        return isPresent;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T18:01:28.547" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T18:01:28.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14241" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-11T19:01:10.253" Score="10" ViewCount="3268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm under the impression that most of the E2E selenium tests are flakey. A major reason seems to be timing issues. Another one is that they often test against servers that are not controlled by the test itself (and so are not guaranteed to be available).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have you worked in a project where the E2E selenium were stable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How were the flakeyness issues solved?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4745" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T06:22:13.743" Title="How to avoid flakey E2E selenium tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14239" CreationDate="2015-08-11T19:51:34.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;FDM has the right idea.  Since his example is C#, I thought I'd provide a Java equivalent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/*&#xA; * Returns true if the at least one element is found.&#xA; * If none are found, a list of size 0 is found.&#xA; */&#xA;public boolean doesElementExist(String id) {&#xA;    return driver.findElements(By.id(id)).size() != 0;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example is very basic and doesn't try waiting for an element.  If you wanted to allow the method to have a grace period to let the element appear, you could do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/*&#xA; * Wait up to 5 seconds for an element to become present.  Returns true if the element becomes present &#xA; * within the time limit, otherwise false.&#xA; */&#xA;public boolean waitAndCheckPresence(String id) {&#xA;    int secondsToWait = 5;&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        new WebDriverWait(driver, secondsToWait).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(id)));&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    } catch (org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException e) {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, you should be able to avoid setting webdriver's implicit wait to be a large number because it can make certain operations like finding elements slow down your test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; with the many &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; options to create on call reactive delays is a better way to go about it so you aren't globally affecting your entire test.  Always minimize the scope that your code affects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do need to change your implicit wait, you can do it with this code &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);&lt;/code&gt; to make it near instant.  But remember to change it back after otherwise you will introduce potential undefined behavior into your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2015-08-11T20:06:20.187" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T20:06:20.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14241" CreationDate="2015-08-11T20:34:10.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;End to end testing will always have a certain amount of flakiness.  If you work on a single app or website full time then you start to figure out the characteristics of it and how to deal with them.  Timing issues is usually the problem for myself... But getting to know how to use the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; class with &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; helps dramatically since it lets you make on call reactive wait conditions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pay attention to what the DOM is doing during an action, not just the element directly, but the elements around it too.  If clicking a button causes the surrounding DOM to do stuff, then creating wait conditions for those other elements as part of your delay might be necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One final suggestion on the topic of timing.  Look up how to write your own &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; methods.  You can write custom tailored conditions to wait on.  This gives you a lot of flexibility for those little timing issues you always run into, but can't find a convenient solution prepared by Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example for writing your own custom expected conditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt; exampleCondition(final WebElement anElement) {&#xA;    return new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            // you can do something with anElement here.  If false is returned, the condition&#xA;            // is not satisfied and this method will be invoked again and again until either&#xA;            // true is returned, or the time limit is exceeded.&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public String toString() {&#xA;            return &quot;I am a condition&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;    };&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any parameter can be defined as long as it's final, and can be used inside your anonymous implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use this like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(driver, secondsToWait).until(MyExpectedConditions.exampleCondition(someWebElement));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T06:22:13.743" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T06:22:13.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14244" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-11T23:42:12.897" Score="4" ViewCount="160" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am writing a piece of software that needs to be highly reliable for years at a time how can I simulate years of test data in a shorter time frame? Say hours instead of years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the problem is highly generic but imagine a piece of software that listens to a network adapter, reads the inputs, does some display, and then takes basic inputs, returning them through the network adapter. At times, different data sets might come through the network interface simultaneously but just flooding the network adapter with packets would not give me the results I need from the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I basically need to test for long term issues that are more subtle and arise after specific events occur rather than logical assertions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things I would like to test as an example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ten years of no user input, just network input and display&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ten years of heavy usage over both user input and network input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Randomly generated patterns of low to medium to bursts of high usage over years of simulated time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13001" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T05:58:07.217" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T13:56:28.053" Title="How do you simulate years of real world conditions in a testing framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14244" CreationDate="2015-08-11T23:48:19.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can not help you there but I can point out some common issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;power outages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;day light savings time changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;leap years&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;network outages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-08-11T23:48:19.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17003" CreationDate="2015-08-12T04:45:16.993" Score="2" ViewCount="217" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a software test engineer and want to improve my manual testing skills so that I can utilize them in my organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest any good exercises specially for manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12987" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-15T09:07:54.300" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T09:07:54.300" Title="Suggest any open source projects to improve my manual testing skills" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14247" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-12T06:01:05.810" Score="1" ViewCount="11727" Body="&lt;p&gt;After any changes made to the web service in our project we test the Web Service by providing data to the web services and then check if accurate data has come to the application by checking the graph on the web portals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am facing a problem in getting the data from the tool tip so that I can assert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium. I have to first mouse-hover on the bar (graph) and then a tooltip item appears having the value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get the value so that I can compare it with my actual data.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rz1Q5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rz1Q5.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find the code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    act.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='chart']/svg/g/g[1]/g[4]/g[1]/path[3]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    act.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[14]/text()&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the HTML &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`div class=&quot;k-tooltip k-chart-tooltip&quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; font: 12px Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 255); opacity: 1; background-color: rgb(0, 0, 255); top: 212px; left: 1068px;&quot;&amp;gt;16,042&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T07:35:09.737" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T14:42:20.400" Title="How can I get the value of the tooltip" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2015-08-12T06:31:38.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First thing you need to do is whenever they ask this question you need to tell then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First you need to do smoke testing whenever we are writing any testcase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to write &quot;test case&quot; for login button functionality. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then username and password with different test case using positive and &#xA; negative test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Positive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should allow to enter minimum number of characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should accept alphanumeric and special characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password should allow alphanumeric with encryption (*****)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password should allow to enter minimum characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Negative:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check with more than required characters (If validity is six characters and the tester gives eight characters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check with different username and different password to access the page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13002" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-23T11:07:14.547" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T11:07:14.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14229" CreationDate="2015-08-12T06:54:31.610" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What's the difference between mobile app vs web-app? When testing mobile app, what are things that we need to focus on?&#xA;Ans: If you mean mobile website by web app then: mobile app needs to be installed to use whereas mobile web is the mobile compatible same website as you see at desktop with fewer options compatible to mobile screen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When defining the process, (called Mobile testing process), what's the process that you will suggest to your PM, PO to have a best quality?&#xA;Ans: Testing process is almost same as you follow while testing desktop/web application. Just you need to increase the compatibility scope like above mentioned areas of internet connectivity, mobile devices and os and also check the stability of app like -- its not crashing or taking too much RAM to slow down the device etc..&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What's the difficult thing that you meet or you think we will meet in mobile testing?&#xA;Ans: Repetitive cycles of Regression of multiple builds on multiple devices, this will be pain area, solution is to automate a certain percentage, at least few complete cycles will definitely help you.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T06:54:31.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14263" CreationDate="2015-08-12T07:40:57.350" Score="0" ViewCount="2760" Body="&lt;p&gt;Threads - 3000&#xA;Ramp up time -60 secs&#xA;300 failed threads..&#xA;Only 1 HTTP Request sample is there in the script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In response of successful threads a hexadecimal is returned&#xA;&quot;000F4590000C01014C00006D00010240D9EF&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For failed threads response is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;java.net.SocketException: Socket closed   at&#xA;  java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)     at&#xA;  java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(Unknown Source)     at&#xA;  java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)   at&#xA;  java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)   at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractSessionInputBuffer.fillBuffer(AbstractSessionInputBuffer.java:166)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.io.SocketInputBuffer.fillBuffer(SocketInputBuffer.java:90)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractSessionInputBuffer.readLine(AbstractSessionInputBuffer.java:281)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:92)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:61)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractMessageParser.parse(AbstractMessageParser.java:254)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.AbstractHttpClientConnection.receiveResponseHeader(AbstractHttpClientConnection.java:289)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnection.receiveResponseHeader(DefaultClientConnection.java:252)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.conn.ManagedClientConnectionImpl.receiveResponseHeader(ManagedClientConnectionImpl.java:191)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.MeasuringConnectionManager$MeasuredConnection.receiveResponseHeader(MeasuringConnectionManager.java:201)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.doReceiveResponse(HttpRequestExecutor.java:300)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.execute(HttpRequestExecutor.java:127)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.tryExecute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:715)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:520)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:906)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:805)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPHC4Impl.executeRequest(HTTPHC4Impl.java:517)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPHC4Impl.sample(HTTPHC4Impl.java:331)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerProxy.sample(HTTPSamplerProxy.java:74)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase.sample(HTTPSamplerBase.java:1146)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase.sample(HTTPSamplerBase.java:1135)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.process_sampler(JMeterThread.java:434)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.run(JMeterThread.java:261)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please help understand this.&#xA;Can we say that in 1 min, the AUT can handle only 2700 requests.&#xA;And this is a bottle neck.&#xA;since 300 out of 3000 have failed..&#xA;By failed i mean, JMeter was not proceeding further after 2700 active threads. It had stuck so I had to stop the run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T13:19:09.427" Title="Running the JMeter script for 3000 threads, but script is getting stuck at 2700 threads" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14253" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14267" CreationDate="2015-08-12T08:35:10.117" Score="2" ViewCount="4705" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you create test steps with parameters in test instance you can set up several test configurations (to run the same test with different set of parameters).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rgu1h.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Rgu1h.png&quot; alt=&quot;3 sets of params&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test instance with params (and sets of params) could be used in another test instance as &quot;Call to Test&quot; (If it's marked as test template). But it looks like there is only one fixed set of params for 'Called Test'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EiJoU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EiJoU.png&quot; alt=&quot;params in &amp;#39;Call to Test&amp;#39;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The task is to pass params from calling test's &quot;Test Configuration&quot; to the called test. Is it possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P.S.:&lt;/strong&gt; till now the best solution I have is to copy test steps and not to call it, but it will not be possible to edit these substeps just in one place any more (as they are not substeps but steps as it is). You will have to change them in every test instance they are used in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T09:28:18.420" Title="How to pass test configuration parameters to 'Call to Test' in HP ALM" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14246" CreationDate="2015-08-12T09:44:27.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are demonstrating the need to learn. Very good indeed! Here is some advise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Correct language usage. If you want to come across well and communicate effectively you need to take the time for this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Read up on methodology. Know your terms and apply them correctly. Avoid common pitfalls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Apply you mind. Look up existing test cases of good quality. Make sure you come to understand the how &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; why. Talk to other testers and developers, what are they worried about in the functionality? Initiate 2-sided discussions to come to good test approaches. Read up your bug database. How to catch these in your next test case? Etc Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Think up more approaches as you go along and &lt;em&gt;have fun&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T10:23:13.373" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T10:23:13.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14257" CreationDate="2015-08-12T09:54:56.147" Score="7" ViewCount="19225" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester and my responsibility is the web, mobile application testing in which I need to test a web service but I have not used any automation tools yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me a manual way to perform web service testing. Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The web service is &lt;strong&gt;REST&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T09:17:40.237" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T09:17:40.237" Title="How can I test Web service without any automation tool and only using manual" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14255" CreationDate="2015-08-12T10:35:49.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest using an open source tool such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.soapui.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will allow you to send requests to your end points and, in turn, see the responses.  Should you choose to extend your test from manual into automated (ie run the same test again along with other tests) then SoapUI also gives you that option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T10:35:49.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14255" CreationDate="2015-08-12T10:47:11.690" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the REST service testing &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.httpmaster.net/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;HttpMaster&lt;/a&gt; are good tools. It supports dynamic parameters, validation of response data, various data viewers, etc. If you are looking for performing load testing of the REST services than &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/g3/features.html#Standards&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; open source tools can be considered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This data is taken from the post&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13111/tools-for-rest-webservice-testing&quot;&gt;Tools for REST webservice testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="22151" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T11:18:26.757" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T11:18:26.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14236" CreationDate="2015-08-12T11:03:21.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not knowing use case of your application is quite hard to tell exact ramp-up value, in my view virtual users arrival rate should be something like 25-50 users per second. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to JMeter side of things performance, first of all:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your test in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#non_gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;command-line non-GUI mode&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable all the Listeners (if any)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depending on your operating system, locate &lt;code&gt;HEAP=-Xms512m -Xmx512m&lt;/code&gt; line in either &lt;em&gt;jmeter&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;jmeter.bat&lt;/em&gt; file and increase &lt;code&gt;-Xmx&lt;/code&gt; parameter to 6G or 7G&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-performance-and-tuning-tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Performance and Tuning Tips&lt;/a&gt; guide for more recommendations on JMeter configuring tips and tricks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T11:03:21.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14252" CreationDate="2015-08-12T11:23:41.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like you are hitting against the capabilities of the box you are running the suite on.  This is a common problem using JMeter as its faiirly resource hungry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try running it headless and if that increases your number slightly it may help you reach that elusive 3000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a guide on ways to accomplich this;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/5-ways-launch-jmeter-test-without-using-jmeter-gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/5-ways-launch-jmeter-test-without-using-jmeter-gui&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T11:23:41.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14247" CreationDate="2015-08-12T11:49:48.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the Graph is inside a frame then probably you need to switchTo Frame and perform the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that is not the case, then if possible can you provide the sample for the barchart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8557" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T11:49:48.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14252" CreationDate="2015-08-12T13:19:09.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to be server issue, that it is not able to handle heavy load specified by you. But still there can be multiple reasons for your script not working with 3000 users and 60 Ramp up time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your Ramp Up value is low then required, try same script with higher value of Ramp Up period. Ramp up value is a significant factor for controlling heavy loads using JMeter or any other load testing tool. You should try same script multiple times with different Ramp Up values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increase your JMeter heap size, this value allows JMeter to utilize your machine RAM and then can handle complex script and heavy load. Refer this link &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2286750/jmeter-outofmemoryerror&quot;&gt;Heapsize&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capture server resources using JMeter plugin &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perfmon&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4192722/how-to-measure-cpu-and-memory-during-load-test&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4192722/how-to-measure-cpu-and-memory-during-load-test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resources can be one of the bottle necks for handling this load, capturing this value will give you the indication that where your server is not responding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try with different loads and multiple iterations too. Never base your results or report on single iteration of result. Try same iteration/cycle multiple times (3-4 times) and then see the behavior of the application under load. In your case don't think that application can handle 2700 users with 60 Ramp Up, try 3300 or 2500 users with same rampup and see if you that you get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As per your case, if you run for 2500 every user should pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and for same case when 3300 users are there, then too you should get 2700 as pass.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you get the above results then you can say that 2700 is the threshold value, but before reaching to that conclusion you should try above mentioned scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run JMeter in non-GUI mode &lt;em&gt;(I think you already be doing this)&lt;/em&gt; and follow other &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Best Practices&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T13:19:09.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14266" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-12T14:30:39.570" Score="2" ViewCount="5224" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a WCF Restful web service which communicates with thousands of hardware endpoints. These end points communicate on daily basis with the service within a time span of 5 hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are about 13000 endpoints currently and its increasing day by day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to make sure that even if on some day the endpoint count increases to 50000 or 100000, the WCF web service should be able to handle it within the same time span of 5 hours or even less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running a script i.e I am hitting the service with JMeter, but what should I explain the Client about the performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T14:55:11.520" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T14:55:11.520" Title="How should I present my report or result of the performance test to my client" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14253" CreationDate="2015-08-12T15:00:21.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution is simple: you need to leave &lt;code&gt;Called Test&lt;/code&gt; parameters empty so they would be marked with &lt;code&gt;?&lt;/code&gt; symbol in call step. Have a look at this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rPbQ0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rPbQ0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Call to Test with empty parameter&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Call &amp;lt;Expert Parameter - controlTrafficNetworkType&amp;gt; with the following parameters: network type = ?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you create the new test configuration (param/value pairs) there will be desired parameter from &lt;code&gt;Called Test&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N.B.:&lt;/strong&gt; Default values are not implemented by default. After test instance creation you still need to copy Default values in every test configuration data where it's supposed (You can select all the params holding &lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt; pressed and copy all the values at a time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LeZ2y.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LeZ2y.png&quot; alt=&quot;Copy default values button&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Copy Default Values button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-08-13T12:19:23.443" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T12:19:23.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14266" CreationDate="2015-08-12T15:14:20.237" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should show them a report in which you include &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response Time&lt;/strong&gt; (if there is any kind of SLA with client that each of the 13000 users will get a response in X seconds). If this doesn't matter in how much time users are getting response then leave this value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on the result of Response Time mark your test as Pass or Fail in your report. If your &lt;strong&gt;Result &gt; X&lt;/strong&gt; then &lt;strong&gt;Fail&lt;/strong&gt;, else &lt;strong&gt;Pass&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;strong&gt;Throughput&lt;/strong&gt; to show them server capacity in increasing way i.e. run your script for different set of you users (10000, 13000, 15000, 20000) and show them how server capacity is getting impacted.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should present your report in a &lt;strong&gt;Graphical format&lt;/strong&gt; (Bar chart or line graph), there are two reasons for this:-&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Client and management generally understands, like and get impressed by graphical reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Graphs are easy to interpret and trend line for the low and higher load can easily be generated from graphs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In your report, provide results for multiple iterations and rounds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you know that in future the count of hits may increase to 50,000 then in your report add results for values more than 13,000. It will show that you have results for future analysis too and it will help in scalability part of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;strong&gt;Resource utilization&lt;/strong&gt; values too to your reports but in a separate sheet like &lt;strong&gt;CPU utilization&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Memory usage&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Network I/O&lt;/strong&gt; etc. and highlight the bottle neck, if any.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If there any errors in your result, then highlight that&lt;/strong&gt;, for example if at 20,000 users you have response time more than SLA or 5000 requests are failing then highlight this thing in your report. Better to use percentage value that for 20,000 records 20% samples are failing. Don't hide errors as revealing such things later on or if application fails to complete 20,000 requests in future then it will be a question and issue for your report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keep your report and graph simple&lt;/strong&gt;, do not add too many bright and different colors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tell them all the Risks in application through your report&lt;/strong&gt;, may be separate sheet. So, that ball is not in your court and team (including client) can define any mitigation plan for the risks. You work is to provide results with all analysis and providing suggestions through your report, by raising flags. It is the work of team (management) and client to decide further action plans.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add only those values and points which you can explain&lt;/strong&gt;, don't add bluff to your report. Client generally asks questions about the report and things related to that. Not answering any question will be -ve point on your side, so take your time and read more about the result values before scheduling any meeting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get your report reviewed and spell checked before presenting it to client. Correct the formatting. Don't add too much values e.g. its not required to copy-paste the complete JTL file in report, don't add all values like 90%, Average, Max. Min. etc. As this will create a lot of confusion and will make a mess in report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add preface and introduction chapter to your report, this is a thing which may not be noticed but should be included in report to briefly describe your Performance Plan, Approach and Steps taken by you. Tell them:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is Response Time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is Throughput value and its impact?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Challenges faced (if any)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last not least, make your report robust i.e. use formulas in your excel report in such a way that if client asks you to create a new report after some performance tuning, then you just need to copy-paste values from the JTL file and all your graphs, tables and other results should get populated automatically.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is an example of report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LhQXm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LhQXm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e4QeO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e4QeO.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-12T15:27:07.517" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T15:27:07.517" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14247" CreationDate="2015-08-12T17:15:58.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The chart looks like an SVG chart. So you would need to go to the particular bar and then get the tool tip using the &lt;code&gt;.text&lt;/code&gt; attribute - if you're using Python or using the &lt;code&gt;getText( )&lt;/code&gt; -in case you're using Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of such a chart (it's a pie chart)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://yuilibrary.com/yui/docs/charts/charts-pie.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SVG Pie Chart&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how I got the tool tip text for the Violet portion of the pie chart :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def setUp(self):&#xA;    self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;    self.driver.maximize_window()&#xA;    self.driver.get('http://yuilibrary.com/yui/docs/charts/charts-pie.html')&#xA;&#xA;def test_tootltip(self):&#xA;    driver = self.driver&#xA;&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;getting the xpath for the violet portion&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    violetcolor= driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[contains(@class,'yui3-svgSvgPieSlice')][@fill='#66007f']&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;tooltip xpath&#xA;&#xA;       tooltipactual=driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@id,'_tooltip')]&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    print('for violet part')&#xA;&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;click on the violet part so that the tooltip appears on the DOM&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    violetcolor.click()&#xA;&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;get the tooltip text&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    e = tooltipactual.text&#xA;&#xA;    print(e)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;def tearDown(self):&#xA;    self.driver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the tool tip text in the console out put as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  day: Monday&#xA;  taxes: 2000&#xA;  24.24%` &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which can then be used to assert the values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T17:15:58.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14271" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-12T23:47:38.097" Score="2" ViewCount="391" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am senior in college and I just got hired in QA. My first task is to create a workload model. However I am not sure what to do. I was hoping if anyone can point me to a good example. I have to calculate TPS, pacing, and concurrent users. Any formulas/guides are appreciated. This is my first task so I would like to make it as good as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13017" LastActivityDate="2015-08-12T23:47:38.097" Title="How to create a workload model?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-14T11:40:20.560" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14272" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14452" CreationDate="2015-08-13T00:28:58.870" Score="2" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in the process of creating a unit test and I'm trying to optimize it by creating a helper file to replace some repeated code. In doing so some of my expects will end up in this helper file, as it is written now. I'm using the Mocha testing framework and the Chai assertion library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it ok for these expects to be in the helper file?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it best practice to keep all expects located within the test file?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13018" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T17:24:08.653" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T19:01:44.733" Title="Should assertions/expectations be solely in spec or test file?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14255" CreationDate="2015-08-13T05:08:15.037" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As already mentioned here, there are lot of open source tools like SOAP UI etc.. and plugins like POSTMAN, RESTCLIENT etc... which can be used to send GET/POST request and check response. &#xA;Other than these, if you are comfortable using java, you can write a simple code using httpclient library to send GET/POST request and validate the response. At the same time you can create a simple Data Driven test where you can have variety of requests, this will help you in increasing the test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If its works for you, I can post a simple example also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T05:08:15.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14246" CreationDate="2015-08-13T05:20:50.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to already mentioned suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First understand what you are testing, think as an end user.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the environment where your product is deployed or hosted. This will help you in checking system beyond the regular functional testing like: if the latest release is not creating too much logs thus filling up memory and the decreasing performance, or may be the new release is writing sensitive information in logs etc... &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the domain and interfaces, this will help you in gauging the impact and then in turn, will help in estimating the test scope.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure your slippages are converted into test cases, this will help you in increasing the test coverage and avoiding the same mistake in future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its always a good practise to have a regular meeting with Production Support / Technical Support guys, because these are guys who gets the real time issues and they resolve them. Meeting with them, will help you in understanding the product and real time issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to avoid repetitive tasks as when you do the same task again and again, then being a human, you are prone to loose things. Best thing automate those repetitive task, if not full fledged automation system then at least small small utilities to help you in your daily task.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last - don't afraid of code, before getting into testing, always ask developer what he has changed and how it will impact other modules, to get a clear picture of what to test or not to test.&#xA;Thanks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T05:20:50.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14266" CreationDate="2015-08-13T09:23:50.067" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter result files are quite plain and some postprocessing is required to make them readable and understandable. Usually of interest are following metrics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perceived system performance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perceived user experience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System performance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1932764-performance-metrics-for-websites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Metrics for Websites&lt;/a&gt; guide for above and more metrics highlighted and explained. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some approaches on how you can visualise results to you could demonstrate them to someone else:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use custom Listeners provided by &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt; project. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ubik-ingenierie.com/blog/automatically-generating-nice-graphs-at-end-of-your-load-test-with-apache-jmeter-and-jmeter-plugins/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automatically generating nice graphs at end of your Load Test with Apache JMeter and JMeter-Plugins&lt;/a&gt; article for example on how it can be done&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://loadosophia.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Loadosophia.org&lt;/a&gt; cloud service where you can upload your test results and get the output in nice and professionally looking form. You can check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://loadosophia.org/examples/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;some examples&lt;/a&gt; to get an idea how it will look like. Also there is an option to export results as PDF file. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course first of all you need to take a look at results by yourself and if there are any issues - raise them and include into the report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T09:23:50.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13433" CreationDate="2015-08-13T09:35:43.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Selenium Remote Web Driver. &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5094605/is-there-an-htmlunitdriver-for-net&quot;&gt;As detailed in this SO question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(DesiredCapabilities.HtmlUnit())&#xA;IWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(DesiredCapabilities.HtmlUnitWithJavaScript())&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would stick to a non-headless browser. Chrome is the fastest here. It's far easier to debug and, from my experience, even HtmlUnitWithJavaScript JavaScript does not play nice with JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T09:35:43.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3825" CreationDate="2015-08-13T10:20:40.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why don't you use c# code itself ?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Outlook.Application oApp = new Outlook.Application();&#xA;                Outlook.NameSpace olNameSpace = oApp.GetNamespace(&quot;mapi&quot;);&#xA;                Outlook.MAPIFolder oInbox  = olNameSpace.GetDefaultFolder(Outlook.OlDefaultFolders.olFolderInbox);&#xA;                Outlook.Items oItems  = oInbox.Items;&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Total : &quot; + oItems.Count);&#xA;                oItems = oItems.Restrict(&quot;[Unread] = true&quot;);&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Total Unread : &quot; + oItems.Count); //Unread Items&#xA;                Outlook.MailItem oMsg;&#xA;&#xA;                for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; oItems.Count; i++)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    oMsg = (Outlook.MailItem)oItems.GetFirst();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                    //oMsg.Display(true);&#xA;&#xA;                    Console.WriteLine(oMsg.Links);&#xA;                    IE browser1 = new IE(oMsg.Links);&#xA;                    Console.WriteLine(oMsg.SenderName);&#xA;                    Console.WriteLine(oMsg.Subject);&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13025" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T10:20:40.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13433" CreationDate="2015-08-13T11:04:55.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If PhantomJS is giving you trouble I do not think there are any good headless alternatives at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you could try is setup a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virtualmachine&lt;/a&gt; to run the tests against that, this way it runs against a real browser, but its not in the way on your desktop. Even better is to setup a &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium grid&lt;/a&gt; and run the tests there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If setting up a Virtualmachine or a grid is to much effort have a look at something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Saucelabs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T11:04:55.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14281" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14282" CreationDate="2015-08-13T12:06:02.060" Score="5" ViewCount="21578" Body="&lt;p&gt;What settings do I need to use so I can check latency time in Jmeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13033" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T05:28:19.087" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T05:28:19.087" Title="How to check latency time in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14281" CreationDate="2015-08-13T12:58:54.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to use the &lt;strong&gt;Tree listener&lt;/strong&gt; and/or &lt;strong&gt;Table Listener&lt;/strong&gt; in JMeter, &lt;strong&gt;Sampler result&lt;/strong&gt; tab of Tree listener provided the value of both &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Latency Time&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Load Time&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(this image has been taken from google and just for reference, Tree listeners looks exactly same)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0m1PX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0m1PX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This lisnter will provide the result of individual samples, i.e. you have to select the sample one-by-one for Latency time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you want Latency of each request in one go, you need to use the&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_in_Table&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Table Listener&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o3ocw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o3ocw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latency&lt;/strong&gt; is a difference between time when request was sent and time when response has started to be received.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response time&lt;/strong&gt; (= Sample time = Load time = Processing Time + Latency Time) is a difference between time when request was sent and time when response has been fully received.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer these links &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/what-every-performance-tester-should-know-about-extracting-data-files-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/what-every-performance-tester-should-know-about-extracting-data-files-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18510846/jmeter-latency-vs-load-timesample-time&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18510846/jmeter-latency-vs-load-timesample-time&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T12:58:54.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3408" CreationDate="2015-08-13T13:10:06.907" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always loved using Scooter Software - Beyond Compare (limited to 2 links) to visually compare between folder, files etc. Group of them or single. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should help with an easy to use Visual Compare. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Daniel has created a great BC File Extension &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scootersoftware.com/vbulletin/showthread.php?11878-JSON-File-Format&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Forum Link &lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/dhcgn/SQLite-Tools/wiki/Beyond-Compare-SQLite-Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How To on GitHub&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It uses simple export with command line to do compare SQLite DB. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not even post the Images / Screenshots. If someone can do so and add to this answer please do so. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13028" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T13:10:06.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14284" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-13T13:59:18.963" Score="1" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;Starting automation at my job and currently the way I've been doing it by xpath and button description. There are only classes, no id's, and right now dev is re-doing the UI. Therefore, CSS selectors will probably not be reliable. However, going off the button description doesn't seem reliable either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to create an xpath or find an element using the client-side JS? Everything is written in Java and I'm using selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying to do something to this effect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Buttons.clickLink(&amp;quot;rio.features.settings.userMgmt.riogrid.toptoolbar.getControlByName(&amp;quot;create&amp;quot;).body&amp;quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that possible or is there a better way than using the button description?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, this is what I'm dealing with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-HTML prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;     &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;yui3-u nav-button&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;yui3-u-1 nav-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;yui3-u img-holder&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;yui3-u nav-text&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  Reports&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13034" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T11:49:25.047" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T11:49:25.047" Title="Is there a way to find Element by xpath-Javascript?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14285" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14286" CreationDate="2015-08-13T14:16:48.477" Score="2" ViewCount="10975" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test plan with 100 users and I would want to loop through them once for sake of debugging, hence one user once and second user and so on.  I know I can use Once only controller to limit one user being run only once. What other setting should I use so that users don't overlap each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't want to rely on ramp up period to distance users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-10T07:32:28.393" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T07:32:28.393" Title="Running JMeter threads in sequential mode" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14285" CreationDate="2015-08-13T14:27:57.717" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1&lt;/strong&gt;: You can keep the user count as 1 and Loop count as 100 in your thread group. This way your script will be executed 100 times, without concurrency of users and one user at a time. you can use CSV file if you want to change the user login credentials and other data at each loop starting i.e. different data for different user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2&lt;/strong&gt;: Another solution is (a kind of workaround and it will too provide what you need), add 100 thread groups to your test plan in JMeter. Keep the User and Loop count as 1 in each thread group i.e. copy-paste the same and select the option &lt;strong&gt;&amp;quot;Run Test Group consecutively&amp;quot;&lt;/strong&gt; in your test plan. You will get the desired result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pAQte.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pAQte.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add &lt;strong&gt;Tree Listener&lt;/strong&gt; to see if you are getting sequential requests or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T14:48:43.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14287" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-08-13T15:30:17.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Representational State Transfer (REST) is a software architecture style for building scalable web services. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Courtesy of Wikipedia.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T05:25:51.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T05:25:51.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14288" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-08-13T15:30:17.397" Score="0" Body="Representational State Transfer (REST) is a software architecture style for building scalable web services." OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T05:24:06.360" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T05:24:06.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14289" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-13T17:26:38.353" Score="3" ViewCount="1438" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few libraries that needs to be tested under multiple versions of python. I have defined each library as a plan. For each plan I have two stages: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup (Source Code Checkout + &quot;make install&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each &lt;strong&gt;Run Tests&lt;/strong&gt; stage has multiple jobs, currently &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Python 2.7&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Python 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of these jobs consists of two tasks, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make test2.7 &lt;em&gt;(creates nosetests.py27.xml)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JUnit task to read nosetests output&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I expect to happen is:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Setup&lt;/strong&gt; stage should run once, only when it is finished, the &lt;strong&gt;Run Tests&lt;/strong&gt; stage commence. The &lt;strong&gt;Run Tests&lt;/strong&gt; jobs should be able to take advantage of the environment set up in the Setup stage, and the shell will be in the same working directory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each job in the &lt;strong&gt;Run Tests&lt;/strong&gt; stage will run in parallel, and their individual test output should be aggregated for the complete plan results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to be supported by the description given on the plan's configuration &lt;strong&gt;Stages&lt;/strong&gt; tab: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Each stage within a plan represents a step within your build process.&#xA;  A stage may contain one or more jobs which Bamboo can execute in&#xA;  parallel. For example, you might have a stage for compilation jobs,&#xA;  followed by one or more stages for various testing jobs, followed by a&#xA;  stage for deployment jobs.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What happens actually is:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of the jobs in the &lt;strong&gt;Run Tests&lt;/strong&gt; stage fails as if the &lt;strong&gt;Setup stage&lt;/strong&gt; never happened or the state of the shell is not what I expect. The error shown is: &lt;code&gt;&quot;make: *** No rule to make target&lt;/code&gt;test2.7'. Stop.&quot;`&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After adding some &lt;code&gt;@echo &quot;$(shell pwd)&quot;&lt;/code&gt; lines to my &lt;strong&gt;Makefile&lt;/strong&gt;, I notice that the stages are in fact &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; running in the same build_dir -- Setup runs in $(PROJECT)-$(PLAN)-JOB1 and the first job in &lt;strong&gt;Run Tests&lt;/strong&gt; runs in $(PROJECT)-$(PLAN)-PY27&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to configure the stages to run in the same build_dir? Or is there another way to configure multiple test runs within my plan that I should use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13040" LastEditorUserId="13040" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T19:22:03.243" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T03:57:44.417" Title="How to set up stages within test plan to use the same build_dir on Atlassian Bamboo?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3587" CreationDate="2015-08-13T17:40:08.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1783982705&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Design Patterns and Best Practices&lt;/a&gt;. Great book for learning Selenium and Ruby, and what is even more important for learning best test automation practices along the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13041" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T17:40:08.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3587" CreationDate="2015-08-13T20:51:16.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this post is a few years old but I wanted to bring up another option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My company bought a copy of the ruby version of &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumguidebook.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Selenium GuideBook&lt;/a&gt; by Dave Haeffner, who also does the &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Elemental Selenium Tips&lt;/a&gt; newsletter. The book costs about $60 but is very much worth it. I've gone through the book a few times, using the code examples and I love it. Got me up and running using Selenium WebDriver using Ruby and RSpec doing automated acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2015-08-13T20:51:16.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14289" CreationDate="2015-08-13T21:00:59.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Artifacts&lt;/strong&gt; is the answer. That, and a bit of restructuring of my &lt;em&gt;Bamboo Stages&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This being a &lt;em&gt;Python&lt;/em&gt; project, the files required to build it are only:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Makefile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;setup.py&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;setup.cfg&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;requirements.txt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The source directory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;code&gt;Setup&lt;/code&gt; job's configuration, I created a shared artifact for each of those (using tar to roll up the source dir).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I removed the &lt;code&gt;make install&lt;/code&gt; task from the &lt;code&gt;Setup&lt;/code&gt; stage, so that stage's only tasks are the &lt;code&gt;Source Code Checkout&lt;/code&gt; one and a new target &lt;code&gt;make tarball&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each of the test runner jobs, I added shared artifact dependencies for each of the artifacts that were just created, and added a &lt;code&gt;make untar&lt;/code&gt; and a version specific build task (&lt;code&gt;make install2.7&lt;/code&gt;, etc..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13040" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-14T15:21:57.283" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T15:21:57.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9254" CreationDate="2015-08-14T04:20:29.600" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;weather GUI and slkuli are open soure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13044" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T04:20:29.600" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12083" CreationDate="2015-08-14T05:17:42.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the question is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We need to take the &lt;strong&gt;source&lt;/strong&gt; of these softwares and deliver that to another developer . Is there a standard for doing this or something like checklist for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say the &lt;strong&gt;standard&lt;/strong&gt; way is that source (and with source I mean &quot;real&quot; source code, documentation, tests, ...) code is stored in a version controll system like &lt;em&gt;GIT&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;SVN&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Synergie&lt;/em&gt;, ..., and is &quot;delivered&quot; to another developer by just giving him access to this the repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you don't get in trouble to deliver the &lt;strong&gt;source&lt;/strong&gt; even if the old developer has already left the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this obviously doesn't hand over knowledge about the product. For this you need to do a handover like Niels already mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T05:17:42.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14255" CreationDate="2015-08-14T07:13:26.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to test the web service manually, and unfortunately it is only possible with some interface. Web services are not visible and only applications can communicate with this.&#xA;So my suggestion is test the Applications  that are using the web services.&#xA;Doing so you will be indirectly test the web services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T07:13:26.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14299" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-14T10:37:02.843" Score="2" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;Project (written on pure C language) under test has a lot of files with source code and a lot of unit test cases (more than million files and tests). And we don't want to execute all unit test cases after each changes. That's why we need to execute only unit test cases which relates to changes in source code. I have some thoughts how to do this from scratch. But is it possible to do this task by using some tool or unit-test framework? I really appreciate any help you can provide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="12033" LastEditDate="2015-08-23T18:50:46.610" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T05:32:27.320" Title="Framework which allows to execute unit test cases when function under test changed accordingly" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;c&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14301" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-14T12:31:13.893" Score="5" ViewCount="3651" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a web &lt;code&gt;API&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;REST&lt;/code&gt;ful) which is used by our mobile applications. Untill now we were manually testing it through mobile devices. Now, as per our client requirement, we need to automate the process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing is one of the important tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My problem&lt;/strong&gt; is: I don't have an idea of how web &lt;code&gt;API&lt;/code&gt;'s work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of this &lt;strong&gt;my questions&lt;/strong&gt; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What questions should I ask the developers so that I can proceed with automating?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which tools should I consider from &lt;code&gt;JMeter&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;SOAPUI&lt;/code&gt;? (Costs are not an issue)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T10:55:06.607" LastActivityDate="2019-07-18T06:40:54.900" Title="I am about to automate the Web API testing, how to initiate" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14302" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-14T12:39:52.920" Score="2" ViewCount="873" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is my result of Load test with JMeter. What my client is asking is, when should we consider up scaling of our system.&#xA;How can you determine the bottlenecks in the below results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also for 1000 samples with 100 Ramp up time, the Avg has increased, this is unusual because it should have decreased if we compare with the other 2 records with lesser Ramp up time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Red portions are the failed tests where JMeter had hung and was not proceeding. Also from this I concluded that with 50 Ramp up time and 1000 users, our system cannot work. Is it correct...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me interpret this result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cjWIN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cjWIN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T13:00:25.270" Title="How should I intrepret the JMeter result" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14241" CreationDate="2015-08-14T13:15:38.210" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is one of the reasons why &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/#testing-end-to-end-tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;M.Fowler&lt;/a&gt; said &quot;Write as few end-to-end tests as possible&quot;. General recommendation is to try to cover as much as possible in your lower level tests (which are faster) e.g.  Unit, Integration, Component Tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have no other options:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try to use headless solutions e.g. phantomJS. It may help to have less flakey tests which are failing due to the behaviour of the Graphical Elements in  the normal browsers.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you found your tests are flakey because of timing issues, try to add/modify desired methods in the Selenium and use them. Example is &lt;code&gt;waitUntillElementIsShown()&lt;/code&gt; method.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Also, &quot;Retry&quot; mechanism can help i.e. re-execute all of the test cases which are failing after each test-suit execution(your Test Automation Job in the CI).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2015-08-14T14:11:22.330" LastActivityDate="2015-08-14T14:11:22.330" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14302" CreationDate="2015-08-14T14:10:22.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have any &lt;strong&gt;SLA&lt;/strong&gt; defined from the client side, then you should compare the Response Time to that &lt;strong&gt;SLA&lt;/strong&gt; like your client says application should have 5 secs of Response time with 500 users, then if your application is not showing that behavior then you need performance tuning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have any &lt;strong&gt;SLA&lt;/strong&gt; then you can use the general theory, that any response time &lt;strong&gt;Greater than 4 seconds&lt;/strong&gt; is a long delay and causes issues to end users too (this is based on &quot;&lt;strong&gt;The Art of Application Performance Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; by &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ian Molyneaux&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;), although exceptions are always there (How heavy is your application/page, Number of users, Network I/O etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plot graph for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joecolantonio.com/2011/07/05/performance-testing-what-is-throughput/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Throughput&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Response Time&lt;/strong&gt; against users. Means User Number should be on &lt;strong&gt;X-axis&lt;/strong&gt; and Throughput, Response Time should be on &lt;strong&gt;Y-axis&lt;/strong&gt;. In ideal situations Throughput should be a parabola (in actual situation a distorted parabola) i.e. First it should increase with users and then after attaining a maximum value it should decrease with users, while Response Time should be increasing linearly with users. So the point where &lt;strong&gt;Throughput&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Response Time&lt;/strong&gt; graph intersects each other after Throughput has attained it maximum value, that point is the &lt;strong&gt;Threshold&lt;/strong&gt; point, this is the number of maximum users supported by your application with current hardware configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If this Threshold value of users is less than required than you need to Performance Tune your application and need to upgrade the Hardware.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If this value is more than required than no need to performance tune or upgrade hardware.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Refer this image as an example for Throughput vs Response Time graph&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aW7tQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aW7tQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if after this analysis you think that hardware upgrade is required than analyze the Resource Utilization results, to see where is bottleneck in hardware i.e. you need more CPU Cores or RAM or anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if target is &lt;strong&gt;1000&lt;/strong&gt; users then no there should be &lt;strong&gt;0% error&lt;/strong&gt; in your results, because error shows that users got some weird page or message, High Response time is different from Error page. So error should be 0% for the target number of users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; We generally take &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.512774.n5.nabble.com/90-line-calculation-td514325.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;90% line&lt;/a&gt; value whenever we talk about Response Time in our analysis, for the worst case part you can go for the Maximum value too. But remember this is the maximum time taken by any user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer this link for more detailed information &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.manageengine.com/products/qengine/performance-testing-report-analysis.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.manageengine.com/products/qengine/performance-testing-report-analysis.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, read &quot;&lt;strong&gt;When do I stop&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; part of this link, it's good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nico.vahlas.eu/2010/03/30/some-thoughts-on-stress-testing-web-applications-with-jmeter-part-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://nico.vahlas.eu/2010/03/30/some-thoughts-on-stress-testing-web-applications-with-jmeter-part-2/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T13:00:25.270" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T13:00:25.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14301" CreationDate="2015-08-14T14:46:48.537" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What questions should I ask the developers so that i can proceed with&#xA;  automating?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends what kind of test you want to have, if it is only end2end testing  then &quot;Base URI&quot; should be enough for you. If you need to test more than that (e.g Tests which need mocking), you may need to have access to the project code to add your test code there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For performance Testing JMeter and &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt; could be useful.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For end2end API testing, I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://frisbyjs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Frisby&lt;/a&gt; very easy to config and use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For tests which need to be close to the application code (e.g. Mocking dependencies), then you can go with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jayway/rest-assured&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rest-assured&lt;/a&gt; (java).  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, all of them could be integrated to the well-known CI tools such as Jenkins, BAMBOO etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T08:41:41.073" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T08:41:41.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14309" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14324" CreationDate="2015-08-14T15:37:27.587" Score="5" ViewCount="435" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in finance and my firm would really like me to automate our execution platform's testing suite. Right now the tests communicate directly with the system; they are extremely brittle and tightly coupled to changes in the SUT (System under Test). I want to abstract it in the form of a testing framework, but I'm having a hard time thinking of a good design strategy to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now the app has this kind of behavior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Listens for request from client&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform few operation(s) based on some logic on that request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modifies the message to be in the form of the specific exchange (vague because it is a complex process and the information added/modified isn't important)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sends it off to the exchange&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above is the general workflow, but it can also do internal rejects for things that range from bad client requests, invalid exchange definitions, etc. It also publishes updates from the exchange back to the client and several other internal systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given the above application description, how would you design a framework to test it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for answers that are at the design level. The implementation details are not important at the moment as I am looking for places to get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13050" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T05:24:43.687" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T12:04:09.427" Title="How should I design a testing framework for a trading system?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;sockets&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14310" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14312" CreationDate="2015-08-14T17:48:08.687" Score="0" ViewCount="1731" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to verify if a pop-up appears, so I went to inspect element of the link and I tried to match the ownerID from the element to that of the url that pops-up but the issue that I have is that when I inspect element, the element string is messy and it's not easy to extract the ownerID from it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DfoRy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DfoRy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to get the ownerID value, which is highlighted in yellow, then I want to match this ownerID to the pop-up's URL ownerID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are more efficient ways to test this other than the way I mentioned please let me know. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T15:02:54.820" Title="Verify if popup appears using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14311" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-14T19:37:25.627" Score="0" ViewCount="930" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having a bit of a hard time designing my page object. What sort of methods should be in there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I put wrapper methods for driver functionalities (e.g &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(...)&lt;/code&gt;) or shall I create a method that does all of these things: &lt;code&gt;create Select&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;select by index&lt;/code&gt;, etc... ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way, in the actual test class, I won't have multiple lines, and just call a method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8804" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T11:28:27.230" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T09:48:44.093" Title="What exactly should be in a page object?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14310" CreationDate="2015-08-15T00:25:20.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I don't think there is enough information to make any alternate suggestions.  It would be better if the popup has some visible text that's unique enough then you can use it for identification.  Also, when you say popup, do you mean &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A dialog box? Or,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An alert? Or,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A lightbox component?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one way in which you can get to that &lt;strong&gt;ownerId&lt;/strong&gt; specifically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like the element's attribute data-atcui-config holds a JSON object as it's data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the &lt;strong&gt;HTML&lt;/strong&gt; that you posted, you could get a WebElement instance to that node with something along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// This is where we will put the final value.&#xA;int ownerId;&#xA;&#xA;// Lets get the web element first.&#xA;WebElement myElement = &#xA;    webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;span[span-atcui-role='popup']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;// Now that we have the web element, we'll instantiate a JSONObject for easy parsing.&#xA;JSONObject json = new JSONObject(myElement.getAttribute(&quot;span-atcui-config&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;// Now lets get the raw url out of that big JSON string.&#xA;String url = json.getString(&quot;url&quot;); // Get the url&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;// From here we're just parsing the url as a normal string, this can be done many ways.&#xA;Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(&quot;^.*?(?:\\?|&amp;amp;)ownerId=(\\d+)(?:&amp;amp;|$).*$&quot;);&#xA;Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(url);&#xA;&#xA;if (matcher.find()) {&#xA;    ownerId = Integer.parseInt(matcher.group(1)); // Get the number from the first group&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few notes about this solution: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I didn't run this through a compiler, so it probably won't work as it is.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even if it does compile, my regex is a bit fuzzy and that particular pattern is one I found online, so that may not do what quite I think it does...  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is basically happening here is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We target the html node we care about by using a &lt;strong&gt;CSS&lt;/strong&gt; selector that targets only that node and getting an instance of the WebElement.  Once we have the WebElement, we want to get the value of it's &lt;strong&gt;span-atcui-config attribute&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we can determine that the attribute's value is &lt;strong&gt;JSON&lt;/strong&gt;, we can instantiate a new &lt;strong&gt;JSON&lt;/strong&gt; Object that we'll use to parse it.  The &lt;strong&gt;JSON&lt;/strong&gt; object will let us easily get the URL by calling &lt;code&gt;getString(String key)&lt;/code&gt; to get it's value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we have the URL, and we know that the URL has a parameter called &lt;strong&gt;ownerId&lt;/strong&gt; and has some integer value.  So this is where my potentially shoddy regex comes into play, we use a negative look ahead to get the first found series of numbers that come after an instance of '&lt;strong&gt;ownerId&lt;/strong&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once we have our pattern and matching objects instantiated with our &lt;strong&gt;Regex&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;URL&lt;/strong&gt; string.  We can check to see if it finds our pattern, and then get it as the first group. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: A better way to parse the URL String after you get it might be to follow the accepted answer on this question &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10728093/how-can-i-get-this-url-parameter-with-regex&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10728093/how-can-i-get-this-url-parameter-with-regex&lt;/a&gt;.  It uses HttpClient, so you'll need to be able to bring in external dependencies in order to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 2: A better Regex might be &lt;code&gt;[&amp;amp;?]ownerId=(\d+)&lt;/code&gt; for simplicity.  Just match it to result group 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T15:02:54.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-15T09:13:43.880" Score="4" ViewCount="659" Body="&lt;p&gt;What can be the scenarios/test cases for an online assessment platform where we can choose test slots according to our convenience.I have done the testing of the UI but what can be corner cases which can be fatal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13053" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T10:39:39.190" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T19:13:35.130" Title="Suggest corner cases to test online assessment platform for slot booking" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14136" CreationDate="2015-08-15T15:36:10.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel very happy to answer this question as I faced same situation recently.&#xA;I worked 3 year as QA engineer and then I got an opportunity to start &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Process Implementation&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in an organization, as they wanted to be Agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I Did -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I used &lt;strong&gt;TFS&lt;/strong&gt; (previously they were using &lt;strong&gt;Mantis&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I target only one team, (company has 9 product and their teams).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I explained everything about Scrum (methodology) and TFS (tool). And motivated them to start working in &lt;strong&gt;Scrum&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After 2 sprints of 2 and 3 weeks I invited team leads and PM of rest of the team in sprint review meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it has been only 2 months and I started &lt;strong&gt;SCRUM&lt;/strong&gt; in 3 products.&#xA;So I think we should focus team by team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13055" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T05:26:19.830" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T05:26:19.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3584" CreationDate="2015-08-16T14:58:30.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know your post is quite old, but there is a library for testing PDF content: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/codeborne/pdf-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/codeborne/pdf-test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very easy to use.&#xA;Just write on assert like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PDF pdf = new PDF(new File(&quot;src/test/resources/50quickideas.pdf&quot;));&#xA;assertThat(pdf, containsText(&quot;50 Quick Ideas to Improve your User Stories&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7236" LastActivityDate="2015-08-16T14:58:30.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14281" CreationDate="2015-08-16T19:10:50.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A little amendment to Dhiman's answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't use View Results Tree and/or View Results in Table listeners for anything but tests development or debugging as they are very resource intensive. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't use JMeter GUI for actual load test, use GUI only for tests development and troubleshooting as again GUI thread consumes a lot of resources and can ruin your test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/dear-abby-blazemeter-how-do-i-run-jmeter-non-gui-mode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;run JMeter in command-line non-GUI mode&lt;/a&gt; as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -n -t /path/to/your/testplan.jmx -l /path/to/testresults.jtl &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it will produce results file like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1439751824751,4771,HTTP Request,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,1591,1,1,4771&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latency is the last column, in above case it's &lt;code&gt;4771&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Field names are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;timeStamp,elapsed,label,responseCode,responseMessage,threadName,dataType,success,bytes,grpThreads,allThreads,Latency&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can &quot;tell&quot; JMeter to print field names in CSV results file by setting the following property:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.print_field_names=true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once test completes you can open &lt;code&gt;testresults.jtl&lt;/code&gt; file with the listener like &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Aggregate_Report&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aggregate Report&lt;/a&gt; and perform analysis as normal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-16T19:10:50.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14318" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-17T02:23:12.367" Score="1" ViewCount="10443" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I am trying to use a list element, this error is showing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Type mismatch: cannot convert from WebElement to List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in appium. Please help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List &amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;a=driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;android.widget.EditText&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13061" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-17T05:25:19.190" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T12:21:07.197" Title="Type mismatch: cannot convert from WebElement to List&lt;WebElement&gt;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14319" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-17T05:18:24.197" Score="4" ViewCount="1081" Body="&lt;p&gt;For anyone who has experience with using markdown to write test cases would you recommend it for test cases? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am specifically thinking instead of the HPQC step - expected - actual  style, or given-when-then format for test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="166" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T20:03:10.900" Title="Should I use markdown as a test case format?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14320" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-17T07:13:20.087" Score="1" ViewCount="917" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unable to run jmeter JMX file using gradle task 'jmeterRun' which is having test for database checkpoint. I am getting error message &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Could not return Connection java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found&quot; in the jmeter.log file.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my JDBC Connection Configuration:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6q7An.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6q7An.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is build.gradle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; apply plugin: 'jmeter'&#xA; apply plugin: 'java'&#xA;&#xA;  dependencies {&#xA; testRuntime &quot;com.oracle:ojdbc6:11.2.0.3&quot;&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; buildscript {      &#xA;&#xA;    repositories {&#xA;        mavenCentral()&#xA;    }&#xA;    dependencies {&#xA;        classpath &quot;com.github.kulya:jmeter-gradle-plugin:1.3.2-2.9&quot;&#xA;        //classpath &quot;com.github.kulya:jmeter-gradle-plugin:1.3.4-2.13&quot;&#xA;        classpath &quot;kg.apc:jmeter-plugins:1.1.3&quot;&#xA;        classpath &quot;kg.apc:jmeter-plugins-standard:1.1.3&quot;&#xA;        classpath &quot;kg.apc:jmeter-plugins-extras:1.1.3&quot;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;jmeterRun.configure {&#xA;jmeterTestFiles = [file(&quot;src/test/resources/Zone_RR_CRUD.jmx&quot;)]&#xA;jmeterPropertyFile = file(&quot;src/test/resources/jmeter.properties&quot;)&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jmeter.log&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;2015/08/17 12:05:05 WARN  - jmeter.protocol.jdbc.config.DataSourceElement: Could not return Connection java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:oracle:thin:@coredb-useast1c01-02.qa.ultradns.net:2115:CUE1C2Q&#xA;    at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:604)&#xA;    at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:221)&#xA;    at org.apache.avalon.excalibur.datasource.JdbcConnectionFactory.newInstance(JdbcConnectionFactory.java:182)&#xA;    at org.apache.avalon.excalibur.pool.InstrumentedResourceLimitingPool.newPoolable(InstrumentedResourceLimitingPool.java:655)&#xA;    at org.apache.avalon.excalibur.pool.ValidatedResourceLimitingPool.newPoolable(ValidatedResourceLimitingPool.java:145)&#xA;    at org.apache.avalon.excalibur.datasource.ResourceLimitingJdbcConnectionPool.newPoolable(ResourceLimitingJdbcConnectionPool.java:91)&#xA;    at org.apache.avalon.excalibur.pool.InstrumentedResourceLimitingPool.get(InstrumentedResourceLimitingPool.java:371)&#xA;    at org.apache.avalon.excalibur.pool.ValidatedResourceLimitingPool.get(ValidatedResourceLimitingPool.java:97)&#xA;    at org.apache.avalon.excalibur.datasource.ResourceLimitingJdbcDataSource.getConnection(ResourceLimitingJdbcDataSource.java:188)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.jdbc.config.DataSourceElement$DataSourceComponentImpl.getConnection(DataSourceElement.java:286)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.jdbc.config.DataSourceElement.getConnection(DataSourceElement.java:146)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.jdbc.sampler.JDBCSampler.sample(JDBCSampler.java:85)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.process_sampler(JMeterThread.java:434)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.run(JMeterThread.java:261)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same thing is working fine when I placed &lt;code&gt;ojdbc6.jar&lt;/code&gt; into &lt;code&gt;jmeter/lib&lt;/code&gt; folder on my local machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no idea how it will work when I run through gradle task i,e. jmeterRun. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13063" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T05:47:59.110" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T22:31:04.987" Title="Unable to run Jmeter (database test) script using gradle" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14342" CreationDate="2015-08-17T10:22:35.453" Score="1" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt; jQuery(function()&#xA;{jQuery(&quot;#chart&quot;).kendoChart({&quot;chartArea&quot;:{&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#f7f7f7&quot;}&#xA;&quot;title&quot;:{&quot;position&quot;:&quot;top&quot;}&#xA;&quot;legend&quot;:{&quot;visible&quot;:false}&#xA;&quot;series&quot;:[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Consumption&quot;&#xA;&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#0000FF&quot;&#xA;&quot;type&quot;:&quot;column&quot;&#xA;&quot;data&quot;:[&quot;1320649&quot;,&quot;1301971&quot;,&quot;1312053&quot;,&quot;0&quot;,&quot;0&quot;,&quot;0&quot;,&quot;0&quot;]}]&#xA;&quot;seriesDefaults&quot;:{&quot;column&quot;:{&quot;stack&quot;:true}}&#xA;&quot;categoryAxis&quot;:[{&quot;labels&quot;:{&quot;rotation&quot;:360&#xA;&quot;visible&quot;:true}&#xA;&quot;majorGridLines&quot;:{&quot;visible&quot;:false}&#xA;&quot;line&quot;:{&quot;visible&quot;:false}&#xA;&quot;title&quot;:{&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Date&quot;}&#xA;&quot;categories&quot;:[&quot;08/10 \n Mo&quot;&#xA;&quot;08/11 \n Tu&quot;&#xA;&quot;08/12 \n We&quot;&#xA;&quot;08/13 \n Th&quot;&#xA;&quot;08/14 \n Fr&quot;&#xA;&quot;08/15 \n Sa&quot;&#xA;&quot;08/16 \n Su&quot;]}]&#xA;&quot;valueAxis&quot;:[{&quot;labels&quot;:{&quot;format&quot;:&quot;n0&quot;}&#xA;&quot;line&quot;:{&quot;visible&quot;:false}&#xA;&quot;title&quot;:{&quot;text&quot;:&quot;G&quot;}}]&#xA;&quot;tooltip&quot;:{&quot;template&quot;:&quot;#=kendo.toString(parseFloat(value)&#xA; \u0027n0\u0027)#&quot;&#xA;&quot;visible&quot;:true}});}); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This data is generating SVG charts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code is inside HTML. Also the values above are &quot;,&quot; separated like title,legend,series etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want the data from the data string. It has daily consumption values. I want each of them so that I can apply assert to check the success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get the number in some variable in my java code (webdriver)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="12033" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T08:53:18.067" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T12:12:30.350" Title="Want to get value from the below code snippet through Web Driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14309" CreationDate="2015-08-17T12:04:09.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand correctly, you're working with an n-tier system that communicates via something resembling an API. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given this assumption, I'd build a framework that allows the creation, transmission, receiving and parsing of messages to and from the application. At this point your actual test data can be in any format, and don't need to be coupled to your code. You also remain independent of any changes to the client (which can either be set up with automation testing separately if needed or tested purely manually). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I'd handle the design:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test harness that calls the other routines&lt;/strong&gt;. This would be your &quot;master&quot; that runs whatever tests you've defined. I'd data drive it, giving it a set of messages and expected outcomes for each message. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Message sender&lt;/strong&gt;. This is a pretty simple thing that uses the communications interface of your application to send messages and receive any responses. I'd set it up to pull the host and port from some kind of config setting so you don't have that information in with your code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Message parser&lt;/strong&gt;. This module would analyze responses and broadcast messages for the specific patterns you're expecting. Since you're storing these outside your code, updates can be fairly minor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Message builder/loader&lt;/strong&gt;. Depending on how sophisticated you want to be, you can build your messages from raw data (this is more flexible and allows you to do things like reuse message headers, but has an added cost in setup and maintenance time) or simply load a file containing the full message (which is simpler but can need bulk replacement if some part of the message format changes).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your process flow would work something along these lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On start, your test code looks for the tests to run. These would be stored in an external file/data store that allows you to easily modify the test list without needing to change code. (I'd use a config flag to tell the code where to look)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test data defines which test messages to send and what responses to look for. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depending on your situation, you may have an initialization routine to start the application and wait until it's ready to receive messages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test harness loops through each test in turn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each test, the harness calls the message builder/loader for the message to send.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then the harness calls the message sender and captures the response.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The harness takes the response and passes it to the parser to determine the result of that test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The harness reports (either using the built-in reporting of your test engine, or a custom format) the result of the test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once all tests have been run, the harness would perform any cleanup needed, including shutting down the application if need be, collating report results, closing any open files and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T12:04:09.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14325" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14338" CreationDate="2015-08-17T14:16:19.293" Score="1" ViewCount="1585" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have started &lt;strong&gt;IV&amp;amp;V&lt;/strong&gt; of a project and the actual Test team of that project is maintaining Test cases over TFS. That team has already created and executed some part of the test cases. My part is to review Test cases and execution process, but I am facing an issue that 'I am not able to see the execution history of the test cases'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TFS 2013 (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I tried to see history using VSTS Ultimate, Microsoft Test Manager and TFS Web Explorer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) displays me the status of only 1 execution round, while &lt;strong&gt;I want to see the history of past executed rounds&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(if any)&lt;/em&gt; and what was the status of test cases when they were executed earlier?, this status is required to build a progress report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T11:26:09.177" Title="Not able to see Test Run History in TFS" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14311" CreationDate="2015-08-17T20:23:47.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Page objects can be flexible and should reflect the way you write and maintain your tests.  For myself, I typically keep my page objects as compact and stateless as possible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your pages have a lot of re-usable components, you can put those into smaller classes that encapsulate that functionality independently, then you can use composition to integrate it into any page object that requires it's features.  This can reduce the clutter of what can feel like an unwieldy sized page object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of element management, you could write a container class that accepts a CSS selector or XPath and can get you elements on call.  You can also store the selectors as instance fields in your page object to be used on command in your methods to get WebElements exactly when they're needed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The methods you write for your page object should not reveal the inner WebDriver workings to the test and test writer.  If an element can be typed into and read from.  It would be better to have two methods perform those explicit actions than it would be to expose the WebDriver layer and return a WebElement or other WebDriver object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the best strengths of the page object model in my opinion is that it creates a total separation between the test layer and WebDriver layer in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2015-08-17T20:23:47.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13759" CreationDate="2015-08-18T08:12:33.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't found ready to use solution capable of what I was looking for. So, I combined some building blocks: KVM/Libvirt transient VM + Salt automation + Robot framework testing. Altogether it allows to run multiple VMs on multiple hosts, running predefined tests. In theory, it also allows for distributed testing, with Salt Orchestrate and Robot framework Remote. But I haven't explored it yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12642" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T08:12:33.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14332" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-18T10:08:57.523" Score="3" ViewCount="728" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do we have to test on emulators or a real devices for testing mobile applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13073" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-11T19:12:22.250" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T19:12:22.250" Title="Mobile application testing on emulators or devices" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14332" CreationDate="2015-08-18T10:40:43.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's your choice actually. You can choose to only test your applications on emulators and not real devices- but that would be choosing a dangerous path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We want our testing to closely resemble the real world scenario as much as possible. So testing should be done, as much as possible on real devices. Because real devices would provide your the real world scenarios like Interrupts- like calls, Network fluctuations etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T10:40:43.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-18T10:42:38.703" Score="6" ViewCount="27022" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know how to set the &lt;strong&gt;Timeout&lt;/strong&gt; in milliseconds for &lt;strong&gt;HTTP Samplers&lt;/strong&gt; that are generated by using recording controller. Is there any way to configure this at one place, so that it will be applied to all requests and what is the default Connection Timeout time and Response Timeout time in JMeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Highly appreciates any helps or ideas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-17T14:04:26.367" LastActivityDate="2021-05-28T09:44:22.790" Title="Setting a Connection time out in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14332" CreationDate="2015-08-18T10:48:11.507" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do we have to test on emulators or a real devices for testing mobile&#xA;  applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why not both?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some functionality of mobile applications can be well-tested on emulators. Often this mean UI, basic features, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other features may require real devices, particularly if you have device-specific functionality, or functionality that takes advantage of specific hardware features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One approach would be to choose a device and its associated emulator, then test using both. Make note of what could have been tested equally well using just the emulator, and what would require the actual device. Then let that experience be your guide for other devices, and for future versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T10:48:11.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14325" CreationDate="2015-08-18T11:26:09.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Microsoft Test Manager, in the Testing Center view, select Test, then Analyze Test Runs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll get the test run history for all runs of your current test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qafg3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qafg3.png&quot; alt=&quot;TFS Test Run History&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T11:26:09.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14335" CreationDate="2015-08-18T11:31:44.310" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a way possible to do this. You need to add a &lt;strong&gt;'HTTP Request Default'&lt;/strong&gt; configuration element from &lt;strong&gt;'Configuration Elements'&lt;/strong&gt; option i.e. Right click test plan and add this &lt;strong&gt;'HTTP Request Default'&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this &lt;strong&gt;'HTTP Request Default'&lt;/strong&gt;  there is an option &lt;strong&gt;Connect&lt;/strong&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;'Timeouts (milliseconds)'&lt;/strong&gt;, you can specify your connection timeout value in this field and it will be applied to all child samplers. If this 'HTTP Request Default' is added at &lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt; level then it will be applied to all samplers and all thread groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kTNkV.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kTNkV.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to specify individual Connection Timeout, then you can specify it in same field of each sampler. Individual sampler Connection timeout will &lt;strong&gt;override&lt;/strong&gt; the 'HTTP Request Default' connection timeout value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9pxqL.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9pxqL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more way is there but I haven't used that, you can specify this value in &lt;strong&gt;JMeter.properties&lt;/strong&gt; file located at bin directory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# set the socket timeout (or use the parameter http.socket.timeout)&#xA;# Value is in milliseconds&#xA;#httpclient.timeout=0&#xA;# 0 == no timeout&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uncomment the &lt;strong&gt;'httpclient.timeout'&lt;/strong&gt; property and specify its value. I have used the 'HTTP Request Default' solution and it works, but not used properties file solution, so you should check its effect using &lt;strong&gt;Table Listener&lt;/strong&gt; before actually using it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-use-jmeter-to-record-test-scenarios&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-use-jmeter-to-record-test-scenarios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T11:48:44.417" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T11:48:44.417" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14340" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-18T11:59:20.023" Score="1" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test template &lt;code&gt;Fill in account information&lt;/code&gt; with params: &lt;code&gt;account_number&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;email_address&lt;/code&gt;. The template is called in test &lt;code&gt;Legal entity registration&lt;/code&gt; twice and should be called with different parameters: the first time for registration and the second time for an update (with another data).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in &lt;code&gt;Legal entity registration&lt;/code&gt;'s test configuration there are only two parameters &lt;code&gt;account_number&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;email_address&lt;/code&gt; which are used in both calls...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how can I have test configuration like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;account_number_1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;email_address_1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;account_number_2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;email_address_2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The solution till now:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is to set fixed parameters in the second call e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wMwhx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wMwhx.png&quot; alt=&quot;Fixed params example&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and configuration settings only applied to the first pair of params.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:24:43.833" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:24:43.833" Title="How can I set different parameters for two different calls to Call to Test in HP ALM" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14332" CreationDate="2015-08-18T12:09:52.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer is: &lt;strong&gt;Real Devices&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the point is if you can afford it. As it could be relative expensive if you want to test multiple devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you only have limited budget/resources, then use real devices for &lt;em&gt;Android&lt;/em&gt; and simulator for &lt;em&gt;iPhone&lt;/em&gt; (since &lt;code&gt;iOS&lt;/code&gt; simulator is proved to be stable and trustable well).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you don't have any budget, go with simulator/emulator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T08:34:37.080" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T08:34:37.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14322" CreationDate="2015-08-18T12:12:30.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I first took the the above data in a string.&#xA;then i used the regex to extract the &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &quot;data&quot;:[&quot;1320649&quot;,&quot;1301971&quot;,&quot;1312053&quot;,&quot;0&quot;,&quot;0&quot;,&quot;0&quot;,&quot;0&quot;]}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;part. After this i again used the regex to extract the numbers only and so on and so forth. It was tedious but it worked good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I took regex according so that on any day if the string changes some how my code should be able to handle it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here is my code :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='statictics-chart-enforce-reload-wrapper']/script[1]&quot;));&#xA;        String str = ele.getAttribute(&quot;innerHTML&quot;);&#xA;        String mydata = str;&#xA;        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(&quot;data\&quot;:\\[(.*?)]&quot;);&#xA;        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str);&#xA;        if (matcher.find())&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(matcher.group(1));&#xA;            mydata=matcher.group(1);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        String arr[] = mydata.split(&quot;,&quot;);&#xA;        for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;7;i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            day[i]=Integer.parseInt(arr[i].replace(&quot;\&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;));&#xA;            System.out.println(day[i]);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way I am able to get the values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do let me know if any one has a more simpler version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T12:12:30.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14345" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-18T14:39:07.777" Score="1" ViewCount="2720" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to generate 13000 users/threads in 1300 seconds (RAMP up time), it is getting stuck after say executing some 12000 threads and then I have to stop the test which fails the remaining threads/samples(since I have only 1 sample).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The response I am getting on stopping the test is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.net.SocketException: Socket closed&#xA;    at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractSessionInputBuffer.fillBuffer(AbstractSessionInputBuffer.java:166)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.io.SocketInputBuffer.fillBuffer(SocketInputBuffer.java:90)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractSessionInputBuffer.readLine(AbstractSessionInputBuffer.java:281)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:92)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:61)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractMessageParser.parse(AbstractMessageParser.java:254)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.AbstractHttpClientConnection.receiveResponseHeader(AbstractHttpClientConnection.java:289)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnection.receiveResponseHeader(DefaultClientConnection.java:252)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.ManagedClientConnectionImpl.receiveResponseHeader(ManagedClientConnectionImpl.java:191)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.MeasuringConnectionManager$MeasuredConnection.receiveResponseHeader(MeasuringConnectionManager.java:201)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.doReceiveResponse(HttpRequestExecutor.java:300)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.execute(HttpRequestExecutor.java:127)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.tryExecute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:715)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:520)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:906)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:805)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPHC4Impl.executeRequest(HTTPHC4Impl.java:517)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPHC4Impl.sample(HTTPHC4Impl.java:331)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerProxy.sample(HTTPSamplerProxy.java:74)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase.sample(HTTPSamplerBase.java:1146)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase.sample(HTTPSamplerBase.java:1135)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.process_sampler(JMeterThread.java:434)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.run(JMeterThread.java:261)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not getting what the issue is..&#xA;If I am increasing the RAMPUP time, the Response is a HTTP response (200).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the issue due to my local machines configuration...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T12:00:45.913" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T17:31:43.760" Title="Does my CPU and RAM configuration affect my JMeter Performance test results" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14345" CreationDate="2015-08-18T15:15:37.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per the issue mentioned by you, it looks like problem described by &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.apache.org/jmeter/JMeterSocketClosed&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeterSocketClosed&lt;/a&gt; . You should refer this link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for the second part:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does my CPU and RAM configuration affect my JMeter Performance test&#xA;  results&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and about the Heapsize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it impacts. Your system configuration too affects your JMeter script and its performance, as depending upon that configuration, your system can generate heavy load and can handle complex scripts. If your configuration is low or you have provided less RAM to JMeter then also you can get issues while running the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For increasing the RAM allocated to JMeter, Open the jmeter.bat or jmeter.sh file from the bin directory and then search for the property 'heap' in that file and update its value to 1 GB (1024) or 1.5 GB (1536), &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;New value should be &lt;strong&gt;&quot;set HEAP=-Xms1024m -Xmx1536m&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Or &lt;strong&gt;&quot;set HEAP=-Xms1024m -Xmx1024m&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  as by default it is 256 MB only, Xms indicates the starting RAM the jvm will take, and Xmx will be the maximum it is allowed. After that try again running your script and see if this resolves your issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you increase this value too much then you may get error while starting JMeter inside the CMD window, in that case decrease this value of heapsize, 1024 MB value should not cause this issue of JMeter not starting, so you can run JMeter without any problem but for value above this you have to be careful &lt;em&gt;(but in that case too don't worry it will not affect any script or will not corrupt any data, only JMeter will stop working and on reverting it back it will again start working)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference taken from &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25521368/java-net-socketexception-socket-closed-jmeter&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25521368/java-net-socketexception-socket-closed-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T15:23:58.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14332" CreationDate="2015-08-18T17:46:07.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need a reason on why you need to test using devices as well as emulators you need to look no further than this article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fastcodesign.com/1669877/infographic-heres-why-designing-android-apps-is-so-hard&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.fastcodesign.com/1669877/infographic-heres-why-designing-android-apps-is-so-hard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Designing interfaces for 11000+ screen sizes is too much. Trying to shortlist that into a couple dozen is still more phones than most developers can afford. You will need to find other ways of testing your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can test on real devices using the Xamarin Test Cloud:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://xamarin.com/test-cloud&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://xamarin.com/test-cloud&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can test on emulators as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mobiletest.me/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mobiletest.me/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13080" LastEditorUserId="13080" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T18:44:37.127" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T18:44:37.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-18T19:23:28.870" Score="4" ViewCount="606" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a team of 2 QAs and we just started at a company which have a windows client software application with no documentation and no test cases. What would you recommend as a tool to start building an automated test suite for this application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the best options in the follow cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Commercial tools? (If money is no issue)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Budget friendly or low cost tools? (considering the cost and features provided by tool)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Free / open-source tools?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13083" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T08:37:10.120" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T19:24:18.480" Title="Recommendations for Windows Client software Automation tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14332" CreationDate="2015-08-18T19:37:16.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do we have to test on emulators or a real devices for testing mobile&#xA;  applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Joe Strazzere&lt;/strong&gt; on this point, that one should go for both Emulators and Device testing as per the process and that too first test on Emulators and then on actual devices. But I would like to add few more relevant points to the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether you should go for emulators or for devices, it depends upon number of factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Budget of the project/application:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should ask client and management that, Who will bear the cost of devices? Because at the e.o.d you have to show the ROI for the investment made. So don't go for too many devices in one go. See what devices are available within your organization and what devices client will provide. If you don't have sufficient budget then go for selected device only and for other level of testing use emulators. Which are generally free and cheaper than devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Timeline of the project:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't go for multiple devices and multi-platform testing, if you have to deliver early. Quality is time consuming, but if your client doesn't have time, then you have to skip the emulator testing and jump over the real devices. &lt;strong&gt;End users are not going to run the application on emulators&lt;/strong&gt;, so device testing is must. Also, if you pull extra resources for testing then it will again cost you more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Managing the Resources and real time behaviour:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the use of real devices you can validate the real time scenarios like Phone call in between using mobile application, interaction with other applications etc. Also, with the use of real devices you can manage resources and time, it may not be possible for testers to access the emulators in off-office hours, but you can handover the device to them to play around &lt;em&gt;(Exploratory testing and Adhoc testing)&lt;/em&gt; at home, during travel, during weekend etc. It may sound awkward but it will definitely add some value to your testing and bugs to your tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ease of access:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you will directly go for devices then it may be more time consuming in beginning, as during the initial phase of testing, you will find lot of issues or you can say that the Rate at which issues are being encountered will be high. So, during that duration you will get yourself killed when you again need to rush to your machine for logging that issue, taking snapshot from the device, sending it to your machine &lt;em&gt;(email or data cable or other means)&lt;/em&gt; and then logging the bug. This will cause a continuous interruption in your flow of testing and execution of test cases. This problem will get resolved if you use Emulators in beginning and once application is stable and Rate of issue encountered is decreased, you should move your testing to device, decreasing your hustle and saving your frustration and time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all the above analysis, one thing is sure, that you must test the application on atleast one not-outdated device of each OS e.g. if your application is going to support iOS and Android then, test it on one actual device of each type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which device should be targeted?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to it, get more information about the end users of the application, where it is going to launch, study about that country and get the data which type of devices are more widely used in that geographical area. Then based on that study select the devices. You can go for the cloud based &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.perfectomobile.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;device testing&lt;/a&gt; too, using that you will be having access to multiple devices from single machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had done this kind of study and analysis when we have to launch mobile application of one of our web-application for the European client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T19:37:16.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14351" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14352" CreationDate="2015-08-18T20:23:34.677" Score="1" ViewCount="5868" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, I just downloaded the Selenium WebDriver and the ChromeDriver and got a sample working in VS2013. All is good so far, but then I started thinking about how I would write regression tests on an internal site and the thought of painstakingly writing the script by hand to open the site, navigate the pages, and check the values struck me as tedious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw the FireFox IDE, which looks promising except we don't have FireFox and can't install it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are people doing to generate scripts in Chrome or IE aside from hand-coding or using the FireFox IDE software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13084" LastEditorUserId="13084" LastEditDate="2015-08-18T20:30:10.880" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T02:49:27.567" Title="What are my options for generating a Selenium script?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14351" CreationDate="2015-08-18T20:39:07.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the strengths of WebDriver is how powerful it is as a programming tool.  It gives you the full power of the language whose bindings you're using.  No generation tool is going to be able to generate even 90% of what you want.  Tools like Firefox IDE will only at best generate something that you can use as a baseline if theres a piece you're having trouble figuring out, but there will be zero optimization and error correction if anything were to go awry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver doesn't require very much programming skill to get started, but, you'll find that by hand writing your tests that your automation will improve with you.  If you want to rely on a program to do most of the scripting work for you, you might be better off choosing another automation framework that has a better feature set for what you're looking to get out of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T20:59:43.067" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T20:59:43.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14353" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-18T22:12:28.883" Score="3" ViewCount="3679" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been automating tests for our restful api's using retrofit and testNG.&#xA;Basically, I create a POJO-Model... send the request in retrofit and do the assertions on the model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public interface GitHubService {&#xA;  @GET(&quot;/users/{user}/repos&quot;)&#xA;  List&amp;lt;Repo&amp;gt; listRepos(@Path(&quot;user&quot;) String user);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public vod testGitHub(){&#xA;  Repo repo = GitHubService.listRepos(&quot;me&quot;).get(0);&#xA;  Assert.equals(repo.getRepositoryName(), &quot;MyFirstRepository&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really like the approach, I can easily integrate it into Selenium integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I've noticed a few people want to focus on API Testing with JMeter. &#xA;I've only used JMeter for load/performance testing... not functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems good for a functional test.. if you only have a handful, but if you have 400-500 test cases.. it seems like a nightmare to maintain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you recommend pros/cons about using JMeter for functional tests, and recommend any other good API test frameworks, unless retrofit already looks good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13082" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T06:50:15.717" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T06:50:15.717" Title="Automating Restful API -- Tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="465" CreationDate="2015-08-18T23:18:55.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is difficult to convince the QA manager of the usefulness of the test automation framework if the&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;recorded scripts play back correctly; a lot of time, they don't&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the number of recorded scripts is low&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the recorded scripts do not require any custom changes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the application is rather stable&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the manager, the time for recording the scripts is the most important especially if those scripts do not break.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But start changing the application often, increase the number of scripts and customize the recorded scripts and soon the usefulness of the test automation framework is clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had this discussion recently with a colleague that was asking the same question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why cant we just record and play the scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/08/from-record-playback-to-automation-code.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;I have detailed our conversation in this article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12921" LastActivityDate="2015-08-18T23:18:55.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14351" CreationDate="2015-08-18T23:44:05.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will not get too far with test automation by relying on record and playback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test automation tools (QTP, RANOREX) typically allow you to make changes to the recorded script in an action grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the changes that you can make are very limited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if you look at the code that resulted from the recording, it is very difficult to read, understand and change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It pays off to make the effort of &lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/08/from-record-playback-to-automation-code.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;learning a programming language, unit testing, a test automation framework and page object model&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer:&lt;/strong&gt; poster is the author of the linked blog post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12921" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T17:58:07.667" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T17:58:07.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14356" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-19T00:06:07.537" Score="1" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the options available for integrating Selenium web driver .net framework with HP QC? I know API is available from QC but I am looking for existing frameworks or tools that I can use for same.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12482" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:23:53.153" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:23:53.153" Title="Integration of selenium and HPQC" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14207" CreationDate="2015-08-19T06:03:48.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It mostly depends on whatever you have access to both authentication server and authenticated client. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to automate OTP using email. But it required either own email server or email account on a real server, for example gmail or yahoo. It may be possible to automate OTP via SMS by using google voice and redirecting SMS into your email address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the KBA use case it is pretty easy to automate. My approach was to set up answer (let say last word of the question) and than just parse which question was asked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13071" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T06:03:48.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-19T06:13:15.933" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement to do load test on an API (which is having response as a json .No UI and etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best component to use to test with 100 users or more .Which thread group is best to use .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone has any examples please share alongwith screenshots here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T12:00:23.547" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T10:13:45.400" Title="Load generating on server using Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14359" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-19T06:14:48.173" Score="1" ViewCount="760" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where should I store XPath variables - in a class or in  an external file? &#xA;What are the (dis)advantages of these approaches?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13071" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T02:54:23.683" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T02:54:23.683" Title="Where to store XPath variables" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14361" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-19T06:24:09.207" Score="2" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to do load testing with 100 users. Please let me know what are the components to use in jmeter. Please suggest me the best way to achieve the best results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T10:04:28.700" Title="Load testing with jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14255" CreationDate="2015-08-19T06:50:10.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firefox has a rest posting addin. You can also use Excel VBA httppost capability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T06:50:10.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14363" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-19T07:04:37.217" Score="5" ViewCount="1910" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to automation testing and also to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/downloads/r/rft/&quot;&gt;RFT tool&lt;/a&gt;. I tried record and playback by hard-coded values. Now I want to make my scripts dynamic. Hence I use Excel as an external file to fetch data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I fetch data from Excel into RFT?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13090" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-19T08:42:54.767" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T02:20:47.123" Title="How to fetch data from Excel to Rational Function Tester (RFT) automation tool?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14353" CreationDate="2015-08-19T08:37:59.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a tool designed for APIs testing - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;, you can try it out and see how it goes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to JMeter - yes, it can be used for functional testing. If your concern is about test scripts readability and maintainability you can check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://gettaurus.org/docs/Index/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Taurus&lt;/a&gt; - new automated tests configuration and execution engine with clear syntax and very good reporting. You can use it as a JMeter wrapper and your tests will be readable, understandable, editable and VCS-friendly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/taurus-new-star-test-automation-tools-constellation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Taurus: A New Star in the Test Automation Tools Constellation&lt;/a&gt; article for details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T08:37:59.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14345" CreationDate="2015-08-19T08:43:57.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does. So do Network and Disk IO. If any of them exceeds threshold of 70-80% of maximum available capacity - it may have negative impact on your load test results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should monitor load generator(s) health just like system under test health to make sure that things go as expected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that you following recommendations from &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-performance-and-tuning-tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Performance and Tuning Tips&lt;/a&gt; guide&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it won't help - it may be the case that your system cannot generate 13000 concurrent users and you need to consider &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Distributed Testing&lt;/a&gt; when one JMeter master orchestrates a number of slave instances acting altogether as a single entity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T08:43:57.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14361" CreationDate="2015-08-19T14:04:49.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use the following components in JMeter for creating and running you script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thread Group&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTTP Request Default&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cookie Manager&lt;/strong&gt; (if your application have any cookies or your script uses any kind of session)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cache Manager&lt;/strong&gt; (for managing the caching, if there is any)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Controllers&lt;/strong&gt; (Simple or Recording or Transaction, depending upon your need)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTTP Samplers&lt;/strong&gt; (if you are using recording option then you don't need to add it manually, these samplers will get automatically recorded). If testing a &lt;strong&gt;Soap WebService&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Database&lt;/strong&gt; then you need to add &lt;strong&gt;Soap&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;JDBC&lt;/strong&gt; Sampler respectively.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Timers&lt;/strong&gt; (should be added if you want to achieve a more realistic scenario, as in actual end user interface, each user will think for 2-4 seconds before clicking on any new link, also known as 'Think Time')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Post-Processors&lt;/strong&gt; (Regex or Xpath, if you have any dynamic parameters like &lt;strong&gt;ViewState&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;CSRF&lt;/strong&gt; Token etc. which is required and unique for every user)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/strong&gt; (for providing different input values for different users)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assertions&lt;/strong&gt; (only for debugging just to check if your script is working fine or not, Disable them during actual execution)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Listeners&lt;/strong&gt; ('View Results in Tree' listener for validating the script and for saving results and analyzing them later use 'Aggregate Report' or 'Simple Data Writer')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'PerfMon Metrics Collector'&lt;/strong&gt; listener for collecting data about server resource monitoring like CPU, Memory, Network I/O and Disk I/O etc. (J&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/StandardSet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Meter Plugins&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/test_plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Creating a test plan&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Best Practices&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T14:04:49.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14363" CreationDate="2015-08-19T14:21:41.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this first you need to create an excel, in which yo have specified first row as the column/field names like FirstName, LastName, Address and DOB etc. in the first row and values in the subsequent rows of the same sheet. Save this file &lt;em&gt;(better to save as CSV as they are more lighter than Excel and will not decrease performance when you have a number of test cases)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you need to &lt;strong&gt;Create a test data pool&lt;/strong&gt; from the File menu and import your created data file. After that associate the same with your test script and your script will start picking data from your data source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For step-by-step flow of how to use the same, refer the following links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/06/1024_Tarkar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/06/1024_Tarkar/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/10/automateintegrationtestswithrationalfunctionaltester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/10/automateintegrationtestswithrationalfunctionaltester/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T14:21:41.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14371" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14376" CreationDate="2015-08-19T14:23:43.313" Score="3" ViewCount="2267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just started working for a company as a QA Automation Lead, and have been informed that someone will be joining me to start the testing efforts here at this company. I have just found out who this person is, and it is someone from a customer service role that has never done QA work in previous jobs; and my responsibility is to train this person. My questions are: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Where would you start to teach someone how to do QA?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Are there any good references that I could get him to look at before this person starts?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T16:38:05.367" Title="Training a non-QA employee to do QA" Tags="&lt;training&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14372" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14377" CreationDate="2015-08-19T14:34:35.117" Score="0" ViewCount="1651" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need an example of a file with &lt;strong&gt;full list of all allowed characters&lt;/strong&gt; in file name, for testing of command line tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;abc@#$%^&amp;amp;012346789.....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Upd&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Windows 2000-...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With examples for testing of batch parameters escaping, like &lt;code&gt;%1&lt;/code&gt; and such things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9283" LastEditorUserId="9283" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T12:45:16.227" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T12:45:16.227" Title="File with full list of all allowed characters in file name, for testing of command line tool" Tags="&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13869" CreationDate="2015-08-19T15:13:00.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the part of your question &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Also we have separate sections for Features to be tested and not to&#xA;  be tested. Is this not redundant with features to be tested? Also if&#xA;  we indicate the list of features not to be tested, why we need to&#xA;  indicate the list f features to be tested? When features are listed in&#xA;  requirement document, obviously all of them have to be tested. But&#xA;  exclusions if any may be listed in Features Not to be Tested I guess.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will try to explain this to you in a simple way. If we are both referring to the standard template of the test plan then both these parts &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Features to be tested&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Features not to be tested&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; come under the header &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Scope&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. Now unless and until we define the scope it is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Undefined&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. This is also correct in terms of Synonyms &amp;amp; Antonym (Define, Undefined) and also in terms of Maths i.e. anything which is &lt;strong&gt;not define is undefined = infinity&lt;/strong&gt;. So, if you don't define the scope then it means your scope is infinite and you are in trouble at that time, because &quot;Infinite - X = Infinite&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirement documents are for our understanding, analysis and reference. Once you have created your test plan you should stick to it and execute your testing as per this plan only, so you should very clearly know from this plan that &lt;strong&gt;what, when and how&lt;/strong&gt; you need to test and what you don't need to test or worry about. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to it, the moment you say to your manager and/or client that you don't know the scope included and excluded, you are gone. Both of them want everything to be clearly communicated to whole team in black &amp;amp; white so that everyone is on same page, as there are always exceptions associated to Requirement documents. And as part of QA too you should be very clear about your scope of testing. &lt;strong&gt;Without this you are like a person in middle of sea without any magnetic compass.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Features to be tested + Features not to be tested = Scope&lt;/strong&gt; = Requirement document, but don't say it like Features not to be tested = Requirement document - Features to be tested. As scope is being built by these two sub-sections, not the other way round.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Live example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm too working on a test plan where we are defining the same things, and while doing so many a times you will have to again break a use case and a features into sub parts like one of the feature is creating a new record and then digitally sign it using bio-metric authentication via a finger print scanner or a iPad. Now, out of this whole feature we can't test the bio-metric authentication part as hardware is required for the same which is not available, so we have clearly mentioned this part in out of scope section. So, that client and team know that this thing has not been validated and provided effort also doesn't include some part of the feature &lt;em&gt;(a justification for effort too)&lt;/em&gt;. Once the scope is clear and defined we can start our testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not always 'Everything or all items are to be tested' - It is this can/will be tested and this can't/will not be tested (where this = definite value); depending upon multiple factors like Resources, Skills, Timeline, Priority and Complexity etc. This is how things work practically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T15:13:00.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14371" CreationDate="2015-08-19T15:56:40.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Avoiding philosophical answers, I'd say that you should decide which developing\testing methodology you are going to follow. Then, you should clearly understand the skills and background of this guy and provide him proper books and (why not?) web forums like this one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perform a wide overview of the software you are going to test (is it only testing?) and start with the training on the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the helper is the right one the rest will follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Just a suggestion, try to always be honest about your expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T15:56:40.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14371" CreationDate="2015-08-19T16:11:32.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will say that you can start in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Take an initial interview of the person, not for rejection or selection but just to know the skillset of the person. I generally ask analytical questions just to know the general ability, analytical and reasoning skills of the person. These are important asset of a tester. He should have a good problem solving attitude and never give up skills which are required for finding bugs, reproducing issues and running same test case/scenario multiple times.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reasoning is required for one-to-one or one-to-many discussion with developers about the defects and how it can be reproduced.&#xA;By these sessions you will know the capability of the candidate and where you need to improve and train him.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;After that start his training (below is what I do and follow)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Train him/her how to put himself/herself in customer or end user shoes; it is too of utmost importance, as a tester needs to behave like multiple set of customers. Every customer will fill a form or submit an application with different mind-set, different values and different technique. Tester should use these different combinations to find more defects before end user finds it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a training plan with topics, planned dates and rating for him/her. You can cover topics like STLC, Workflow models and processes, what is testing and why required, Testing Techniques, Testing Methods, Approaches, Test Case, Test Data creation, Priority &amp;amp; Severity, Defect Life cycle etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make him learn testing terminologies like BRD, RTM, USD, SRS, FRS etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assign some manual testing topics to him/her on daily basis, which he should study in and after office hours. Tell him to google the same, you can too provide some good and useful links to him for study. Ask questions to him about the provided topics, let him briefly explain the same and then provide your feedback. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regular feedback is important for his improvement. Update the plan on regular basis. Add or delete topics you are required to do. Tell him about your expectations, where he lacks and where he is good.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Provide some assignments to him where he needs to read the requirement, give you reverse presentation, create test cases, you review his test cases, he will update the test cases, execution of test cases, finding defects and logging them (let’s say in excel). Review his logged defects for proper Priority, Severity, Description and Steps to reproduce etc. Provide such more assignments (may be from google or from the actual on going product). After 2-3 assignments ask for estimates from him, so that he knows whether he is capable of doing assigned task ion his provided time or not.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Train him more about the negative scenarios, as this the area where generally things don’t work. You should test his tested work and then provide him feedback that what defects he left in the application and how to approach for them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keep him stick to the manual testing only, until he starts picking up things and his basics are clear. Don’t rush him for Automation and NFR testing (Performance and Security testing). Once basics are done, move him to automation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Along with training involve him in your project too, where he needs to work finally. Start with assigning him fixed bugs, which he needs to re-test, as the bugs will be having all the required information he needs for verifying it. But don’t let him close the fixed bugs, just collect status from him and then let the actual person again re-test the same and then close it. After this, show him where he had made mistakes, he might presented you in his report that a defect can be closed, while it is actually not fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Involve him in each requirement discussion meetings, tell him to take notes and publish the minutes. Review his minutes and then publish to all stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T16:11:32.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14371" CreationDate="2015-08-19T16:38:05.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the new person is from customer service, we can safely assume manual tester (no programming/automation skills), but knows well the application to be tested. Should be excellent explorative tester!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simple start is to develop testing scenarios, and learning how to fill good bug report (with steps to reproduce the bug) and triage bug severity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading list:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwareqatest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwareqatest.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/11/merely-checking-or-merely-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2009/11/merely-checking-or-merely-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://mhay68.tumblr.com/post/1648223018/what-makes-a-good-bug-report&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://mhay68.tumblr.com/post/1648223018/what-makes-a-good-bug-report&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/476/how-do-you-prepare-yourself-for-a-testing-position&quot;&gt;How do you prepare yourself for a testing position?&lt;/a&gt; (with books to read)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/55/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-positions&quot;&gt;How should you interview for QA positions?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/QWjobs.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/QWjobs.pdf&lt;/a&gt; - Recruiting testers&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.exampler.com/testing-com/writings/classic/mistakes.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.exampler.com/testing-com/writings/classic/mistakes.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://kaner.com/?page_id=8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://kaner.com/?page_id=8&lt;/a&gt; - testing courses&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://bbst.info/?page_id=9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://bbst.info/?page_id=9&lt;/a&gt; - with links to QA terminology&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/eviltester/the-evil-testers-guide-to-web-testing-slideshare&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.slideshare.net/eviltester/the-evil-testers-guide-to-web-testing-slideshare&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T16:38:05.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14372" CreationDate="2015-08-19T16:43:31.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is unanswerable, since I think you need a blacklist instead of a white list. Think about non English languages and how many characters that you would need to be on your whitelist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if you really need to test with a filename with all permutations. I think that the code saving the file needs to catch when the file cannot be saved and return a clear message. Now you only have just two cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a valid filename and save it, verify the file is on disk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use an invalid filename and verify you get the message. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The operating system should handle the saving and figure out if the name is valid or not. Also non allowed characters are operating system depended, you might need multiple lists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at these questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1976007/what-characters-are-forbidden-in-windows-and-linux-directory-names&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1976007/what-characters-are-forbidden-in-windows-and-linux-directory-names&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2357133/identifying-os-dependent-invalid-filename-characters-in-java-6-not-7&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2357133/identifying-os-dependent-invalid-filename-characters-in-java-6-not-7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://serverfault.com/questions/150740/linux-windows-unix-file-names-which-characters-are-allowed-which-are-unesc&quot;&gt;https://serverfault.com/questions/150740/linux-windows-unix-file-names-which-characters-are-allowed-which-are-unesc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want to use a filename this is the one I tend to use it looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ThisIsAVeryLongFilename abc...xzy1234567890!@నేనుÆды.test.ext&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I take multiple characters from different languages (atleast Asian, Europian and Russian) from this UTF-8 test page: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.columbia.edu/~kermit/utf8.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.columbia.edu/~kermit/utf8.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T16:58:33.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14378" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-19T17:23:22.330" Score="3" ViewCount="615" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to take an interview of a QA Lead. Can anybody give me suggestion as to what kind of questions that will be asked apart from regular testing definitions and general questions like how to handle a team etc.? Are there any examples of really good questions? Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10493" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T08:15:16.077" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T08:15:16.077" Title="What type of questions should be asked if I am taking an interview of QA / Testing Lead" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14345" CreationDate="2015-08-19T17:31:43.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps the easiest way to narrow down the problem is to divide the JMeter work between two machines.  Install JMeter on a second machine and run both at the same time, but have each JMeter instance simulate half as many users.  If that fails, the problem is probably on the server side; or if it succeeds, the problem is on the JMeter side.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the problem is on the JMeter side, and you are constrained to run JMeter on only one machine, you should check the JMeter documentation that &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/6225/dmitri-t&quot;&gt;Dmitri T&lt;/a&gt; mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T17:31:43.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14378" CreationDate="2015-08-19T17:56:35.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My favorite is this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'll give you a software to test next Monday. You will have to finish test activities to release it on Friday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'll ask you next Wednesday how is your progress. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you manage to give me appropriate information?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expect the person plan the activities with a test inventory, defines a coverage and provide metrics, a percentage of the progress according with the defined coverage criteria.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If s/he talks about prioritization, much better! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12944" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T14:22:31.473" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T14:22:31.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6911" CreationDate="2015-08-19T20:43:19.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the mentioned solution. I can tell you that such issues of opening, accessing files occurs when using Proxy server recording option using JMeter, especially when one is trying it on HTTPS. For such things I have always used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.badboy.com.au/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BadBoy&lt;/a&gt; for recording and creating JMeter script. Download its free version and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to your application using it, while recording is ON&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you have performed all the required actions, stop the recording&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save your script as a JMX file, this option is there in the File menu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Import this JMX file in JMeter and see if it solves your issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T02:50:41.553" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T02:50:41.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14299" CreationDate="2015-08-19T21:27:18.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With such a large system, I'm assuming that the code is built into many different individual libraries. One way you can narrow down the list of unit tests is to identify and run only those unit tests that are found in the same library as the code change. This approach also assumes local functions aren't exported to become public outside of the module that has been changed, so it's unlikely that unit tests for a changed function might reside in a different library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13099" LastActivityDate="2015-08-19T21:27:18.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-20T09:35:27.877" Score="2" ViewCount="1065" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on Appium for an android device. So here I am trying to select a radio button -say OneWay in Spice Jet for booking a flight and using the xpath, but I am getting issue's as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: stale element reference: element is not attached to the page document&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/stale_element_reference.html&#xA;Driver info: io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;TypeError: Failed to execute 'createNSResolver' on 'Document': parameter 1 is not of type 'Node'. &quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T16:55:49.387" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T04:45:29.623" Title="Failed to execute 'createNSResolver' on 'Document': parameter 1 is not of type 'Node'" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-20T09:45:00.920" Score="7" ViewCount="50431" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the most important components/parts of a well-written test plan document for a testing project. Consider you are testing a Financial web app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is test plan a part of overall test strategy document? Are the 2 documents merged in commercial testing projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide a real world, test plan document , if possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13102" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:02:17.913" LastActivityDate="2019-06-27T03:57:42.677" Title="Components of a Test Plan document?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14361" CreationDate="2015-08-20T10:04:28.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all I would start with creating a test &quot;skeleton&quot; - basically record your test scenario using JMeter's built-in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter proxy Step-by-step&lt;/a&gt; guide to get started. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have initial test script you can parametrize it, add external data sources, perform correlation if needed add virtual users, run the test and analyze results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/get-started-scripting-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Getting Started: Scripting with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for quick ramp-up and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Component Reference&lt;/a&gt; section of JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Manual&lt;/a&gt; for comprehensive information on all the test elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T10:04:28.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14358" CreationDate="2015-08-20T10:13:45.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope you not using JMeter in GUI mode. If you do - please switch to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#non_gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;command-line non-GUI mode&lt;/a&gt; as JMeter GUI is very resource intensive and may ruin your test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#listeners&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Listeners&lt;/a&gt;: if you have View Results Tree or View Results in Table listeners added and enabled - remove or disable them as they consume a lot of CPU and RAM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow recommendations from &lt;a href=&quot;http://JMeter%20Performance%20and%20Tuning%20Tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Performance and Tuning Tips&lt;/a&gt; guide - this way you will be able to simulate much more than 100 virtual users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another piece of advice: if you going to do some testing on REST API - it's likely that you'll have to deal with JSON data. Vanilla JMeter's JSON support is not so good so I recommend using the following test elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JSONPathExtractor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON Path Extractor&lt;/a&gt; - to perform correlation if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JSONPathAssertion/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON Path Assertion&lt;/a&gt; - to conditionally set pass/fail criteria &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are available via &quot;Extras with Libs&quot; set of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt; project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T10:13:45.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14385" CreationDate="2015-08-20T10:18:27.010" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are the most important components/parts of a well-written test plan document for a testing project. Consider you are testing a Financial web app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per IEEE 829 standards, the components of a Test Plan document should be :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Plan identifier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;References&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Items&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risks &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Items to be tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Features excluded for testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Pass and Fail Criteria &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resumption/Suspension Criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test deliverables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Environment Set Up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Training and Staffing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team Member Responsibilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Schedule&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Planning for Risks and Contingency Plans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Approvals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read in detail about this here : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fit.vutbr.cz/study/courses/ITS/public/ieee829.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;IEEE 829&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it is not mandatory to include each and every thing mentioned here. I have seen many test plans missing many components from this check list. In commercial companies ( like MNC's) , there is a specified custom format, which is roughly based on these standards ( or any standard that the company follows).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is test plan a part of overall test strategy document? Are the 2 documents merged in commercial testing projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test strategy defines the overall testing approach to be followed during the testing and as such, it should be a different document, a high level definition of the testing that we are going to follow. However, it is not an unfamiliar situation, when test strategy is defined inside the test plan itself ( a practice in my current organization).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we are talking about an overall strategy here, so Test Plan would be an essential part of a test strategy. You can have a single high level Test Strategy document for a project and then have various test plans, which are created as per the test strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very good documented example would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingexcellence.com/test-strategy-and-test-plan/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please provide a real world, test plan document , if possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find a lot of such test plans on internet. A good place would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.coleyconsulting.co.uk/testplan.htm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T10:18:27.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14384" CreationDate="2015-08-20T10:27:57.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quoting the Selenium docs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A stale element reference exception is thrown in one of two cases, the first being more common than the second:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The element has been deleted entirely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The element is no longer attached to the DOM&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In you case, please check if the element you're trying to find is available or not available on DOM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second issue is a current issue in Appium- see &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium/issues/5454&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T10:27:57.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14351" CreationDate="2015-08-20T11:01:33.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with what the people said, but just in case, you could check this out:&#xA;Selenium Builder &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/builder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/builder&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I've used it and I prefer this approach rather than IDE, however, after you learn the main commands, it's better to directly code your scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12944" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T11:01:33.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14391" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14398" CreationDate="2015-08-20T11:25:56.717" Score="1" ViewCount="1771" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying a build an automated testing framework, using Selenium WebDriver to simply login a website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I run the following code, the only thing that happens is a new internet explorer window pops up stating &quot;This is the initial start page for the WebDriver server.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class WebSeleniumClient {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args){&#xA;&#xA;    File file = new File(&quot;C:\\Users\\Picheal\\Desktop\\Selenium Web Driver\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, file.getAbsolutePath()); &#xA;&#xA;    // Creates InternetExplorer Driver &#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(); &#xA;&#xA;    //Opens Login&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt;= 500; i++){&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://ams2.enoah.com/Home/Login?returnurl=%2f&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(i);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // Finds login form and inputs credentials &#xA;    WebElement user  = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;dnn_ctr780_Login_Login_JLSystems.NOAH_txtUsername&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement pass = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;dnn_ctr780_Login_Login_JLSystems.NOAH_txtPassword&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    user.sendKeys(&quot;********&quot;); &#xA;    pass.sendKeys(&quot;********&quot;); &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My console looks like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Started InternetExplorerDriver server (64-bit)&#xA;2.47.0.0&#xA;Listening on port 63771&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually don't ask questions but this is a just strange behavior. I believe this may be an error in eclipse. I deleted all my code, saved, and ran the same again, and still I got the same result - a new internet explorer window only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12018" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T14:56:06.377" LastActivityDate="2016-03-20T13:43:16.190" Title="Running application doesn't execute any code but opens a new window" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-20T13:32:51.387" Score="4" ViewCount="955" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked to automate the tests while developer has finished only some part of the change in the current sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have no framework&lt;/strong&gt;, but I have been asked to concurrently automate the tests, so by the time coding part is done, automated test cases will be in pipeline for execution and thus whole process will be faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible? And Should it be done in this way? I have to use selenium for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T13:44:40.770" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T16:55:56.710" Title="Is it possible to automate tests for in progress sprint" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14392" CreationDate="2015-08-20T14:13:00.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes it is possible (as saying goes &quot;it is a matter of simple programming&quot;, which is a joke btw) but if changes are expected could be huge waste of time. Manual testing is better fit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual/explorative testing allows you to give feedback to developers much quicker, and you are also developing scenarios which might be worth automating for e2e testing (or not).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not all tests should be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary of comments debate: Even if best practices of TDD suggest to create (unit tests) before code, in my experience fast round of agile explorative testing can show shortcomings of UI design and hints for redesign. So unit test will have little or no change, but UI (business requirements) might change significantly, as customer realizes flaws in original UI design. Or not: then just automate (some of) manual tests. In my experience, there are always some manual test left behind which did not made it to automation. TDD is not a silver bullet - nothing is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T13:14:09.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T13:14:09.607" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14359" CreationDate="2015-08-20T14:15:27.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually I keep them in my code specially during the implementation and before SUT is stable. Also when it is in the code, you have more control who/how can access and modify them.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;On the other hand, keeping them in a separate file can help in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Updating them easier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Having separate XPath files for different environments and switching between them based on some build/deploy parameters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T14:20:41.117" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T14:20:41.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14392" CreationDate="2015-08-20T14:15:41.150" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tests should be part of the Sprint stories &lt;a href=&quot;http://guide.agilealliance.org/guide/definition-of-done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the story acceptance criteria are known you should be able to start defining which test-cases you want automate before the tasks is done. When coding is done, developers and tester should make sure the tests are fully implemented before starting on new stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you could build a skeleton test during the coding-phase this might make it faster to implement the end-2-end tests for the story. Think about things you can prepare like &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page objects&lt;/a&gt;, the Arrange/Act/Asserts in &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ArrangeActAssert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AAA&lt;/a&gt;. Even if the naming of the objects is not final, the flow of the story should be clear by now to begin writing some code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prevent &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrumalliance.org/community/articles/2012/january/a-sprint-is-not-a-mini-waterfall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mini-waterfalls&lt;/a&gt; in sprints, certainly do not start testing after the sprint is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T14:34:32.797" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T14:34:32.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14385" CreationDate="2015-08-20T14:32:38.253" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are the components of a test plan, which should be included.&#xA;1. &lt;strong&gt;Summary&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1. &lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt; - Provide an overview of this document in this section&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2. &lt;strong&gt;Scope of testing&lt;/strong&gt; - The scope of testing needs to be clearly defined. The plan should define items / features that are in scope or out of scope for the testing phase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- 1.2.1. **Features To be tested** - All features/use cases which are to be tested&#xA;&#xA;- 1.2.2. **Features Not to be tested** - All features which are not to be tested&#xA;&#xA;- 1.2.3. **References** - SRS, BRD, FRS references used for the scope&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.3. &lt;strong&gt;Milestones&lt;/strong&gt; - List down all the minor and major milestones along with planned start and end dates&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.4. &lt;strong&gt;Deliverables&lt;/strong&gt; - List down all the deliverables from the testing phase along with their acceptance criteria&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resources&lt;/strong&gt; - Mention all the physical and non-physical resources that will be used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1. &lt;strong&gt;Hardware&lt;/strong&gt; - List down the hardware requirements for the testing phase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2. &lt;strong&gt;Environment details&lt;/strong&gt; - Provide a list of the various environments that will be used for the testing phase along with their purpose and configuration details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.3. &lt;strong&gt;Testing tools&lt;/strong&gt; - Provide a list of the tools that are required for this phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.4. &lt;strong&gt;Team composition&lt;/strong&gt; - List down the names of the team members who will be involved in the testing phase, along with their roles and responsibilities&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.5. &lt;strong&gt;Training Requirements&lt;/strong&gt; - If any skill set or training is required&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Strategy&lt;/strong&gt; - Describe the testing strategy which will be followed in the project. Also, define the different types testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.1. &lt;strong&gt;Types of testing&lt;/strong&gt; - List out different types of testing that will be conducted in the testing phase. Elaborate the different testing specifications given by the customer and provide details on how different types of testing would be conducted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.2. &lt;strong&gt;Entry and Exit Criteria&lt;/strong&gt; - Write down the entry and exit criteria of the testing phase i.e. when you will start testing and when you stop testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.3. &lt;strong&gt;Suspension and Resumption Criteria&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section to write down the suspension and Resumption during the testing phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.4. &lt;strong&gt;System Acceptance Criteria&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section to describe the system acceptance criteria based on which the project acceptance will be received&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Planning&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.1. &lt;strong&gt;Test Schedule&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section to document the detailed test plan. This would include a detailed work breakdown structure (WBS) of all activities related to testing along with resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.2. &lt;strong&gt;Test Design&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section to document the procedure for preparing test cases. Explain the various fields of the test cases. Expand this section to include the process for review and approval of test cases and how the documents will be shared among stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.3. &lt;strong&gt;Test Execution&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section to detail the process that will be followed for testing - how testing would be conducted, and how testing results would be captured and shared.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bug Tracking Process&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section to describe the process for recording bugs found during the various testing cycles and the workflow for tracking these bugs to closure. This section would also provide details as per the sections below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.1. &lt;strong&gt;Bug tracking tool&lt;/strong&gt; - Detail about the tool being used for defect logging and tracking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.2. &lt;strong&gt;Bug reporting&lt;/strong&gt; - Provide details of the various fields against which information needs to be entered while reporting a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.3. &lt;strong&gt;Bug lifecycle&lt;/strong&gt; - For example: New/raised --&gt; open/assigned --&gt; resolved/fixed --&gt; closed/verified. Also, specify who will be responsible for conducting triage meetings and how any conflicts will be resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NFRs Testing&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section to define plan for the Non-functional testing like Performance, Security, Usability etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.1. &lt;strong&gt;Tools used for NFRs&lt;/strong&gt; - name of the tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.2. &lt;strong&gt;NFR Goals&lt;/strong&gt; - Mention all the goals for performance testing for Response time, Throughput etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk Management&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section for documenting the risks involved in testing and their Mitigation plan. Assign priority and impact to all risks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reporting and Communication Plan&lt;/strong&gt; - Write down the reporting and communication plan for the testing phase. Identify Key contact personnel from both on-site and off-shore teams and representatives from the client side.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measurement Plan&lt;/strong&gt; - List down the metrics that will be used to track the progress of the testing phase and assess whether the objectives of this phase have been met or not. Like Defect Leakage, Defect Removal Efficiency etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assumptions and Dependencies&lt;/strong&gt; - List out the assumptions and dependencies associated with this phase and any risks that may exist pertaining to these.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appendix&lt;/strong&gt; - Use this section to provide expansion of abbreviation and attach reference documents and templates&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is test plan a part of overall test strategy document?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Plan and Test Strategy can be separate documents and sometimes they are merged together. This all depends upon the person creating these documents and scope of the application. If project is bigger in size and a complete testing project then it make sense to have different documents, else create a single document for both. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.geekinterview.com/talk/9651-test-strategy-vs-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Difference&lt;/a&gt; in Test plan and Test strategy document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the simple steps to be taken care of for creating a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/writing-test-strategy-document-template/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Strategy&lt;/a&gt; document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer this link for the test plan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/test-plan-sample-softwaretesting-and-quality-assurance-templates/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;samples and components.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-20T15:04:47.523" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T15:04:47.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14392" CreationDate="2015-08-20T14:46:08.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is possible to do it and how you can do it, is one part (which Niels already mentioned) but the other part is what developers should do to make it happen.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicitly they need to have a testable design/architect i.e. the application is testable even though the full stack is not completed yet. As an example, they should follow 'decoupling practice'. It helps you (as a tester) to mock/stub those components which are not ready yet.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want a better and faster solution? Help them to write  valuable test cases and ask from the team to follow &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TDD&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T14:46:08.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14391" CreationDate="2015-08-20T14:53:10.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The issue is with the IE versions, your machine should be having both IE versions i.e. 32-bit and 64-bit and when you start the 'IEDriverServer.exe' it calls the 64-bit IE version while you are using 32-bit IEDriverServer.exe. I faced this issue too and observed that when any tool starts IE then 64-bit IE is launched by default (I was on Windows 7 and IE-9), because they pick default settings of the system which is usually 64-bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So either make 32-bit Internet Explorer default or download the 64-bit IEDriverServer.exe from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Downloads&lt;/a&gt; and use the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For making 32-bit IE as default refer this link &lt;a href=&quot;http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/ie/forum/ie9-windows_7/is-there-a-way-to-set-the-default-browser-to-32bit/bd51a9b1-7216-4fa6-acbd-696b04981da4?auth=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;32-bit Default IE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-21T13:02:41.100" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T13:02:41.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14399" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14414" CreationDate="2015-08-20T16:51:48.630" Score="0" ViewCount="521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if there is a way to define tests (something like unit test) for installers, specifically installers made in WiX and InstallShield.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13108" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T08:12:23.973" Title="Is there any tool to automate test for installers (WiX or InstallShield)" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14349" CreationDate="2015-08-20T20:35:13.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the free tools you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Winium&lt;/a&gt;. And if you want to go for commercial tool then &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/desktop-module/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestComplete&lt;/a&gt; is a good tool in that league.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T20:35:13.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14392" CreationDate="2015-08-20T22:25:23.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitely possible but it's all about resources(number of testers, good understanding of coding, time for other QA related activities etc.). Also, selenium or similar can be a good starting point as it provides robust framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12482" LastActivityDate="2015-08-20T22:25:23.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14402" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14412" CreationDate="2015-08-20T23:50:55.493" Score="2" ViewCount="1081" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company I sometimes have trouble with getting across to developers as to why we testers shouldn't be testing in &quot;debug&quot; towards the end of the project. That said I'm not quite sure WHEN we should move from an e.g. MS Visual Studio &quot;debug&quot; generated build to a &quot;release&quot; generated build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any ideas on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From past experience for example, we would have &quot;release only&quot; issues where the devs would say &quot;release doesn't initialize pointer variables while debug does this by default&quot; which would be the cause of some release build issues. They would then go back and initialize these pointers to NULL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article does help but doesn't have quite the answers I'm looking for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/420343/separate-debug-and-release-builds&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/420343/separate-debug-and-release-builds&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12542" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T13:49:11.777" Title="When to switch from &quot;Debug&quot; build testing to &quot;Release&quot; build testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5577" CreationDate="2015-08-21T03:11:20.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think, CSV just like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;username, password&#xA;username1, password1&#xA;username2, password2&#xA;username3, password3&#xA;username4, password4&#xA;username5, password5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13112" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T03:11:20.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14402" CreationDate="2015-08-21T04:19:47.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testern should not test in debug mode, but only devs should do this in their development tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good testing strategrie provides the following enviroments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developement enviroment for development tests (with debugmode switchable by the devs for on/off&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration eviroment for the QA to test the software under real conditions - this especially means debug mode off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Live enviroment &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the devs can make theier development tests with debug mode or without it while the QA tests under real conditions. Maybe before the software goes live you want a forth enviroment for the customers acceptance test. But this depends on your company. Some can and want to afford this, some use the integration enviroment for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T04:19:47.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14349" CreationDate="2015-08-21T04:21:53.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you company works with the HP QC/ALM then QTP is a good tool to automate as its also from HP to work together with QC/ALM. (But it has to be licened)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T04:21:53.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14391" CreationDate="2015-08-21T07:32:46.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If test is running successfully on other browser then there is configuration issue of IE on machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure version of Selenium, IE driver and IE browser are compatible  &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/java/CHANGELOG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ref. selenium release log&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also verify required configure mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/InternetExplorerDriver#Required_Configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6865" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T07:32:46.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14410" CreationDate="2015-08-21T07:39:32.000" Score="19" ViewCount="4569" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you find more bugs than you fix, then what should you do with the ever expanding bug queue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The queue can grow for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The bug is deemed too low priority to be worth fixing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The bug is edge case that has a low probability of happening&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The business is prioritizing new functionality over fixing issues and is willing to accept this form of debt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You're either not finding or fixing bugs during development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has been proposed in my team, that we close bugs older than x days, as they will get re-submitted if they're still an issue. Assuming you prioritize the higher severity bugs and try and fix known bugs in new changes, then this doesn't seem like too wild of an idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-21T07:49:45.917" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T05:28:43.917" Title="Should you close old bugs?" Tags="&lt;bug-priority&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T07:44:17.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug is Bug , it does not matter how old it is. As a tester you should not close bug if it is not resolved yet by developer and verified by tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Close old bug without solve and insert it again that will just increase bug counts. It is fine that you concentrate on high priority bugs first but to close without resolve seems wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if that bug is from requirements which is removed or totally changed then tester can take approval from client in written that because of this requirement change , particular bug is meaningless and we should close. In this way you can close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T05:28:43.917" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T05:28:43.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T07:55:36.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would not close bugs - you can &quot;park&quot; them - but it shouldn't look like the bugs are resolved.&#xA;In our software release cycle we have ~2 months bug fixing phase - in this phase most developers are only fixing bugs no new features. This lets us get rid of most low priority bugs. And makes the product more &quot;round&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end this helps you to ship a better product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12765" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T07:55:36.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T08:00:32.870" Score="16" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I would say that product owner (or whoever ultimately decides what the team works on) can decide that some bugs will not be fixed for one reason or another. Then I would close those bugs documenting this fact so that later it is clear what has happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't close them just based on time as I see it should be conscious decision to close them and time itself isn't good enough indicator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:47:12.630" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T12:47:12.630" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14349" CreationDate="2015-08-21T08:05:52.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used AutoIT a lot - TestComplete is great too. Quick test Pro is excellent (and pricey) and hooks up to HP QC (as stated elsewhere) - that's a real forward-facing investment which will pay dividends in the future. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used AutoIT to create small tools to automate UIs on legacy logging tools which didn't implement an automation interface of their own: the UI snooping tool which AutoIT installs as part of the package is great for finding UI control IDs for automating, and the documentation for AutoIT is second to none. Install the full SciTE editor and you'll get highlighting and code completion, with in-IDE tools to syntax check and build into standalone executables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13114" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T08:05:52.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14402" CreationDate="2015-08-21T08:09:54.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing in debug mode will only let you reliably test truly surface stuff, like UIs. There's so much extra stuff loaded &quot;under the hood&quot; - like stack frame protection - when running in debug, that you're end-stage-loading the testers finding nasty stuff like memory allocation and stack problems (depending on what language you're using).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any formal testing should really be done in release - the good news is that it's possible to &quot;debug&quot; without &quot;full&quot; debugging - Visual Studio can generate symbols, etc without actually enabling full debug, allowing a sort of &quot;best of both worlds&quot;, with code which is build without the _DEBUG define.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13114" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T08:09:54.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T08:11:25.653" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to consider each of the cases separately:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Low Priority&lt;/strong&gt; - Low priority bugs do not stay low priority always. They always have a tendency to become high priority if enough of the users complain (or a important customer raises it). Closing doesn't seem to be a good option.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edge Cases&lt;/strong&gt; - Remember &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murphy%27s_law&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Murphy's law&lt;/a&gt;. These tend to happen and they happen when you least expect it. Closing them is not an option.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Business Priority&lt;/strong&gt; - Even when the business priorities are different,  bugs still exist. If the new version of software is green field, these bugs might not make sense - but still need to be verified.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not finding or Fixing bugs&lt;/strong&gt; - Time to talk to the development team :)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, I am not for closing the bugs till they are fixed. What I suggest will be to use the priority and category fields in tracking tool and keep them hidden if needed. A bug entry takes time and effort - and it is waste of energy to close them without resolving them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8250" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-21T12:55:05.220" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T12:55:05.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14399" CreationDate="2015-08-21T08:12:23.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try TestComplete - I believe we use it to test installation here. Essentially you're just testing driving another windows application: if the environment can let you check registry entries and file content then so much the better (I don't work in TC at the moment and can't recall).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AutoIT could do it (I have used AutoIT a lot).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13114" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T08:12:23.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T08:14:00.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think coming up with a good strategy of closing defects is very wise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once worked in a team which had over 3000+ major, minor and trivial bugs of which most were at-least 2-3 years old in the tracking system. At one point we wanted to start cleaning this and started fixing them. The result was hours and hours wasted on badly written defect reports that we could not reproduce either because it was already fixed and/or just not correctly described. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as never ending lists of features can be demotivating so will long lists of defects. You do not want to be alerted again and again for items you are not going to fix in the near future. Figure out what needs focus for the upcoming 2-3 months and plan accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep the blocking and critical defects at all times, but decide if you are going to fix the Major-Trivial defects and if not within a release-cycle time period archive them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would try to get teams to go with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/198696/keeping-agile-with-zero-bug-defect-policy&quot;&gt;&quot;Zero-defect&quot; policy&lt;/a&gt;, do not create technical-debt and really understand how much new features (without defects) the teams can deliver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T13:01:40.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14349" CreationDate="2015-08-21T11:51:51.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am working on a project using the commercial &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286726.aspx?f=255&amp;amp;MSPPError=-2147217396&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coded UI&lt;/a&gt; of Microsoft. You can try the record and playback in a trail version of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/products/visual-studio-enterprise-vs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual studio enterprise&lt;/a&gt;. (We are not using the recording tool, but handcoding tests with the page objects pattern, personally I do not like record&amp;amp;playback tools, but for testing that it works it might be good.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also an open source project which uses the MS UI Automated libraries, have a look at this answer for a code example: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8802/what-are-some-good-open-source-ui-testing-tools-for-testing-windows-gui/9201#9201&quot;&gt;What are some good open source UI Testing tools for testing Windows GUI?&lt;/a&gt; (Should work with free Visual studio community)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one issue with these frameworks that the underlying application needs to implement the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms753107%28v=vs.110%29.aspx?f=255&amp;amp;MSPPError=-2147217396&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UI Automation&lt;/a&gt; hooks, most standard Windows / MS (.Net) application should though. Else it will fallback to clicking on coordinates, which might not be very maintainable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T12:12:00.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14418" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-21T13:18:33.443" Score="2" ViewCount="912" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing a problem with JMeter. Like if I am login with my account with Team (In my application one module is Team in which we have to fill some fields which are common for all users, I want to login with different user, create a team and fill the fields). Can we fetch team URL from CSV file if we stored this in a CSV file? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@ Is this possible with Selenium and/or JMeter without opening browser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13119" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-21T14:53:55.783" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T14:53:55.783" Title="Load testing using JMeter with multiple concurrent users account" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14418" CreationDate="2015-08-21T13:45:47.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible with JMeter without opening browser. You can pass the URL as a parameter using the CSV file. For this you need to use '&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1740850-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KXJEv.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KXJEv.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After passing the URL from the CSV file, you can fill all the fields required for creating a team from the CSV too, this way you will have different data for different teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-21T13:51:35.513" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T13:51:35.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8563" CreationDate="2015-08-21T16:02:01.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, you can not connect them in a way that you can pass useful date between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T16:02:01.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T18:39:21.320" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you close a bug, there should be a reason for closing the bug.  The most obvious, of course, is &lt;em&gt;fixed&lt;/em&gt;, but &lt;em&gt;could not reproduce&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;not a bug&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;won't fix&lt;/em&gt; are equally valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Could Not Reproduce&lt;/em&gt; means exactly that - the person assigned to fix the bug has followed the step to reproduce the bug (your bug report does include those, right?) but cannot get the bug to occur &lt;em&gt;on their development system&lt;/em&gt;.  This status doesn't mean that the bug doesn't exist, merely that there are additional steps or conditions for the bug to occur; I have, for example, had bugs that occurred only under very specific &lt;em&gt;temperature&lt;/em&gt; conditions.  If this bug is important - see below - then it needs to go back to the testers to isolate the true conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Not a Bug&lt;/em&gt; means that the behavior is not a bug, but that it is working as designed.  You'll often see this when testing games - the tester believes something different should happen, but that is not what is in the design document.  The tester might well be right, but testing is generally the wrong time for major design changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Will Not Fix&lt;/em&gt; is similar, but rather than working as design, it's a minor problem that won't greatly affect most users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that not all bugs are created equal.  Those which crash on start-up on every platform have the highest priority, while those which cause an insignificant graphical glitch under unusual circumstances would get a much lower priority.  Programmers need to concentrate on fixing bugs based on their priority; as time goes by and the dreaded ship-date approaches, entire categories of bugs will be placed into the &lt;em&gt;will not fix&lt;/em&gt; state.  These bugs might be fixed in a later patch, but not right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So who assigns priority?  Initially, the testers will, using some form of checklist or rubric.  Next, the QA lead &amp;amp; programming lead should discuss new bugs before finalizing the categorization and assigning them to programmers to fix.  The priority isn't fixed; additional testing might indicate the bugs are more or less serious, or occur more or less frequently.  And, of course, as the delivery date approaches, some bugs seem far less important...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once a bug has been resolved by the programmer, it still isn't closed.  If it's been marked as &lt;em&gt;fixed&lt;/em&gt;, then it has to go back to QA to verify that it has been fixed.  &lt;em&gt;Could not reproduce&lt;/em&gt; can either go back for more testing or left to sit if it's unimportant.  &lt;em&gt;Not a bug&lt;/em&gt; will typically need some confirmation that it's working as designed, while &lt;em&gt;will not fix&lt;/em&gt; generally needs some sign off from upper management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13127" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T18:39:21.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T19:08:07.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two issues in the question: how you use your bug tracking system, and how your deal with having too many bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't plan to fix a bug, you might as well make that apparent in your bug tracking system; these systems work best when they reflect reality.  Any decent bug tracker will let you record whether the bug was closed because it was fixed or because you chose to ignore it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are lots of reasons why you might have more bugs than your developers can fix.  Some reasons are actually software problems (e.g. developers writing too many bugs); some may not be (e.g. your testers are too picky, or lots of the bugs are duplicates, or lots of bugs are false positives.)  Different organizations (at different times) have varying tolerances for bugs, too.  If your product is too buggy, your users will let you know, and you'll realize something needs to change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-08-21T20:09:48.580" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T20:09:48.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-21T19:23:51.813" Score="1" ViewCount="434" Body="&lt;p&gt;In one interview they asked me about the agile testing. &quot;How often testing cycle happens in your project after successful build?&quot; I'm new to agile methodology in testing. Please let me know how to answer this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12124" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T07:33:23.967" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T07:33:23.967" Title="For successful build how many test cycles are required" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T19:33:40.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, closing a bug simply because it's old is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; a good idea.  My organization used to do this as a policy, but it caused a number of problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The bug can look like it's fixed&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  Test teams would run queries to see which bugs were closed between two releases.  If a bug was closed, that test case was no longer run (since the issue was presumed to be fixed) until the next major release cycle.  This resulted in old, typically low-priority bugs frequently disappearing and re-appearing.  To a manager, this can even look like your team keeps making the same mistake over and over again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;You lose potentially-valuable debugging information&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  A new bug will be filed if the issue is encountered again, but the new bug report is not connected to the original bug report.  For bugs that are poorly understood or that only reproduce infrequently, you need all the information that you can get in order to debug it.  It's usually more productive to add more information to an existing bug report than it is to file a second bug report for the same issue.  For most bug tracking databases of a non-trivial size, it's not practical for a submitter to manually dig through all of the closed bugs for a possible match (it's hard enough getting them to look through the &lt;em&gt;open&lt;/em&gt; bugs).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;It can encourage people to ignore problems&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  Have a problem that's not mission-critical and that has a particularly difficult or unpopular solution?  Just ignore it long enough and it will go away on its own.  This is definitely &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; what you want to encourage your developers to do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hiding problems is almost always a bad thing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. The only thing worse than having a hundred old bugs hanging around is to have a hundred bugs &lt;em&gt;that you are no longer aware of&lt;/em&gt;.  This will almost guarantee that they'll never get fixed, and won't prevent you from making the same mistakes again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a while, my group re-evaluated our policy and determined that it was making things worse, not better.  We changed our policy so that instead of closing out old bugs, we had periodic meetings (after the end of each major project release/milestone) where we re-evaluated bugs that were over a certain age.  This helped us understand &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; these old bugs existed in the first place, and why they've been able to stick around for so long.  Many of them ended up being closed out, but for specific, meaningful reasons (e.g. the bug report didn't have enough information to start investigation, the test case was incorrect, or because the associated feature was cancelled and the issue is now moot) instead of simply because they were old.  After a few rounds of this, our organization got better at identifying these sorts of bugs and changing our processes so that they didn't get filed in the first place.  We were able to actually &lt;em&gt;solve&lt;/em&gt; the problem of a large bug backlog instead of merely hiding it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this dances around the big issue, though.  If you're creating bugs faster than you're fixing them, then you're headed for major problems.  You really need to re-evaluate your development practices and make sure that you're &lt;em&gt;improving&lt;/em&gt; the quality of your code base over time, not making it buggier.  If you have that many bugs that are low-enough priority to ignore for an extended period of time, then it could also be a hint that your test plans are focusing on the wrong things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13128" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T19:33:40.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14425" CreationDate="2015-08-21T20:04:08.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For The &lt;strong&gt;Agile Model Driven Development&lt;/strong&gt; (AMDD) life cycle, it may depend upon number of factors like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of user stories to be covered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duration of the Sprint&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complexity of the PBI's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of testers working in that sprint and their efficiency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most important - Skillset of the development and testing team. If your development team is new to project and technology, then QA team will require more testing cycle for a stable build.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without these factors you should not specify testing cycles number 'N'. Each development cycle will be followed by a testing cycle to ensure the quality of the product as a whole. Also, Extreme Programming (XP) is currently one of the most well known agile development life cycle model which uses TDD (Test Driven Development), which if followed correctly will reduce the number of unwanted testing cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-22T14:45:51.150" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T14:45:51.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14392" CreationDate="2015-08-21T20:36:00.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing that our team does is to write the Detailed Design for the test case in a code file as comments.  This is a lot like manual testing at this point, but the start of the automated test is in place without having any actual test code (which would likely change).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional information:  Comments are the detailed steps wrapped in  tags which are extracted by Doxygen and used as the official test case documentation. Detailed steps include &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;specifics on where test data comes from (e.g., data driven), &#xA;  actions performed and on which controls actions are performed, and &#xA;  details of exactly what will be verified along with the expected result and where the actual result will be found. &#xA;  Code signatures for any expected helper methods are added at this time.  With this level of detail already specified before the actual test code is added there is excellent documentation for the peer review of the proposed test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastEditorUserId="1803" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T16:55:56.710" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T16:55:56.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-21T22:12:45.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you find more bugs than you fix, then what should you do with the&#xA;  ever expanding bug queue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It has been proposed in my team, that we close bugs&#xA;  older than x days, as they will get re-submitted if they're still an&#xA;  issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a bad idea, depending on what &quot;Close&quot; means in your context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &quot;close&quot; means &quot;we won't have to look at that bug any longer&quot;, then you have to assume the same issue will pop up next time you test significantly. Then, someone (the tester?) will have to decide &quot;should I submit a new big report, reopen the old one, or just ignore the issue entirely&quot;. Each of these three alternatives has problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seek a different status than &quot;Closed&quot;. Perhaps &quot;Deferred&quot; or &quot;Later&quot; exist in your bug tracking system. Those statuses might mean &quot;we know about the bug, aren't going to fix it in this release, but will re-triage for the next release&quot;. That would be my preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, spend some time on diagnosing why you have so many unfixed bugs, and work on a solution for that problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-08-21T22:12:45.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14430" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-22T02:22:59.043" Score="0" ViewCount="265" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a need for a software package or other method to help &lt;strong&gt;track dependencies&lt;/strong&gt; between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;different components within a single piece of software e.g. devs change something related to a system or even screen - we know we test related areas X,Y and Z&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;cross product dependencies e.g. we update a web service for one product, we know this affects another three products&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We don't have great specification documents either so we will have to create this dependency map as we move forward learning and testing the related software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked around a fair bit and mostly find software related to tracking code-level dependencies - not higher level dependencies between systems or products. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of a good tool to do this? Ideally it'd be visual or have an option for visual output e.g. have the ability to create a visual diagram. Ideally it'd be able to track dependencies both ways e.g. if we change X we know to test Y, but also if we touch Y we can know to test X.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12542" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T21:02:12.523" Title="Tool or method to track inter-product and cross-product dependencies" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14435" CreationDate="2015-08-22T05:42:46.400" Score="1" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's easy to specify the requirements for web-applications used on laptops (max-min screen width, set of browsers, set of OS) e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;screen from 1280 x 802 to 1600 x 992px liquid layout, and static for bigger screens&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;browsers IE9-11; Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Safari (last version)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OS Windows, Mac OS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are billions of mobile devices which can handle web-applications. So how would you specify the range application is developed for? And testing strategy to cover this range?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The criteria I've found so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;operating system: Android / iOS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;landscape and portrait layout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;width from X1 to X2 px adaptive layout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;should I specify devices directly Samsung XXX, BlackBerry XXX, iPhone X...?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-10T13:40:08.197" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T13:40:08.197" Title="How to specify mobile devices web-app to be tested for in the Requirements?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;compatibility-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14432" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-08-22T07:01:52.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a special tag that is designed to be used only by the system for questions that have had all of their other tags removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All questions in the system must have at least one tag. Normally, it is not possible to submit new or edited questions that do not have tags; the system will reject the submission until a valid tag is applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few unusual situations that can cause this tag to be applied. When a tag has existed for six months and only been used on one question, and no tag wiki has been created for the tag, the system deletes the tag. When the community decides that a given tag can never be appropriate &amp;#8212; for example, because it is misspelled or is off-topic &amp;#8212; moderators may remove the tag from the site &lt;em&gt;en masse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When one of these deletions removes the last tag from a question, the system adds the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/untagged&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;untagged&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;untagged&lt;/a&gt; tag to that question so that the &quot;all questions must have at least one tag&quot; rule is not broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can help clean up some of these questions! If they're good questions, edit them to remove the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/untagged&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;untagged&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;untagged&lt;/a&gt; tag and add more descriptive tags. If they're not so good, use the usual tools: downvoting, flagging and voting to close/delete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11374" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-08-23T08:48:13.440" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T08:48:13.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14433" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-08-22T07:01:52.307" Score="0" Body="This is a special tag that is designed to be used only by the system for questions that have had all of their other tags removed. Do not add this tag to existing questions, it is reserved for use by the system to identify posts with no valid tags." OwnerUserId="11374" LastEditorUserId="11374" LastEditDate="2015-08-23T19:25:52.647" LastActivityDate="2015-08-23T19:25:52.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14425" CreationDate="2015-08-22T12:43:20.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct way for you to answer would be something like &quot;I'm new to Agile, so I don't really know.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have non-Agile experience, you could expand on your answer and talk about the number of test cycles on the projects you tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you have read enough about Agile to feel confident that your reading applies to this particular context, then you could say something like &quot;I'm new to Agile, but I have read that ...&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't know a technology or methodology, I find it better not to guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T12:43:20.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14431" CreationDate="2015-08-22T13:10:11.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen this kind of specifications in companies where their users are provided with specific devices, as for example, doctors inside a hospital to access to the patients clinical registers... because they know that the app (or web) will be used only for a reduced set of devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example, is when you are focusing on a specific market (China, US, etc.). Then, you'll probably know which are the most typical devices, but it's so dynamic (after one year there will be different set of most-used devices).&#xA;As I see it, it doesn't make sense to specify this. It's probably better to let this job to the test team, adjusting the set of devices on each release... according to the current most-used set. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps!&#xA;Regards&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12944" LastActivityDate="2015-08-22T13:10:11.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14299" CreationDate="2015-08-24T03:31:19.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google does this kind of thing.  They automatically determine the dependencies in their source code and then use that information to determine what tests to run.  You can read about it in &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321803027&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How Google Tests Software&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, Google's system is proprietary.  I do not know of a commercial or open-source equivalent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T03:31:19.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14299" CreationDate="2015-08-24T05:32:27.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not know of any framework/tool that supports this. Have a look at GNU global (&lt;a href=&quot;http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/global/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/global/&lt;/a&gt;) - it provides a comprehensive tagging for C programs and command line tools to find references. May be you can build some shell/perl scripts around this to achieve what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8250" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T05:32:27.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11618" CreationDate="2015-08-24T08:17:43.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Splinter does not support find_by_class_name. Splinter has support for find_by_option_by_text and find_option_by_value but it does not look like you have the option tag in the html.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try using find_by_css instead for the list elements. This code snippet assumes your list items are visible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.find_by_css('.option1')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they are invisible, you will need to trigger the parent element by click or hover, or by forcing the list items to be visible. If this is still not working, a little more html will help in understanding exactly what is going on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13148" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T08:17:43.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2015-08-24T11:29:16.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To help answer this question, you just need to focus on the difference between what a positive test case and a negative test case is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A positive test case confirms some expected functionality. E.g: A user with a valid username, and the corresponding password can log in successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A negative test case tests for unexpected or invalid conditions, and confirms that the code can hold up in these circumstances. Generally, most exploration is found here.. For example, for a website: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cannot log in without valid, matching credentials.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the username allowed to contain non printable characters? If not, this is invalid on the 'create user' section.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the username is allowed to contain non printable characters, the code handling login can deal with them and no error is thrown.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empty fields on the login screen stop the user logging in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The user must be logged in to access any other area of the site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The user must be logged in to call any webservices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastEditorUserId="4338" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T11:35:03.683" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T11:35:03.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14196" CreationDate="2015-08-24T11:42:53.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try a couple of things..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it work using a different selector, e.g: By.XPath(&quot;//a[text()='My Timesheet']&quot;) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that doesn't work either, selenium may be trying to get the element before it has finished loading in the DOM. So we need to wait and retry to get the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do that by using Webdriver implicit waits, or maybe implementing something like the below extension method on IWebDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static IWebElement GetElement(this IWebDriver driver, By selector, int tries = 10)&#xA;{&#xA;    for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt;= tries; i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            return driver.FindElement(selector);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (WebDriverException)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(200);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    return null;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the element is still not found, you could increase the number or retries. Sounds possible that your DOM may be taking a long time to populate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will override WebDriver's normal behaviour, to return null if an element is not found, so be sure to carry out null checking after using it if you do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T11:42:53.063" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14407" CreationDate="2015-08-24T12:26:27.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite being an edge case, or low priority, if you can still reproduce the reported bug, and the expected functionality of that system still dictates that it is a bug (instead of just an old requirement which is no longer valid), then it's still a bug, and should be left as so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't say its the QA's responsibility to maintain the product backlog (the product owner would do this) but in my opinion, a valid bug is still always a valid bug until it is fixed, and leaving these items in the backlog can provide good insight into the overall state of the software under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T12:26:27.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14392" CreationDate="2015-08-24T12:34:13.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its possible, but requires very good communication between developers and QA, and often a technical understanding of how the solution is to be implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you are working on a login page, and underlying authentication HTTP endpoint, you can start writing test automation for the endpoint before any work is done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This service would likely have tests to check that a valid request is granted a session token, and that invalid requests get a HTTP 401 response, etc. the service doesn't need to exist to start writing the tests, you just need to know the outline of the functionality and a decent enough idea of how it will do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also start writing the page object model for the login page if you have a decent idea of what functionality it should provide.. e.g it may likely have the following methods (this functionality would be decided upon and formalised during sprint planning):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login(string username, string password)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ForgotPassword(string username, string email)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The login page would likely have the following private fields:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;private WebElement LoginTextbox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;private WebElement PasswordTextbox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;private WebElement ForgottenPasswordButton&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do need to stay wary of how likely various parts of this are to change, and dont waste time developing against something which will end up being completely different to what you have written tests against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T12:34:13.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-24T12:53:41.080" Score="1" ViewCount="631" Body="&lt;p&gt;I set up &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; and trying to record a test by logging into a website and browsing it. Issue is, I can log in to that site but, I can't browse the site as following error appears:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JSONException: Error occurred during object input read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any solution for this? I haven't found any answer over web too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13150" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T19:25:18.167" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T08:09:54.913" Title="Error while recording with JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14445" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-24T13:37:06.650" Score="3" ViewCount="342" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working as a Test Engineer for the past 4 years. Mostly I worked on Java and .net based web applications. I don't have any experience in testing the web sites developed with WordPress, Drupal, Joomla etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will testing methods change if web sites are developed on different platforms? If yes, please let me know what the difference is and how can I develop my skill-set to test those websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T08:07:02.490" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T08:07:02.490" Title="How is manual testing different from one platform to another" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14446" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-24T13:49:46.987" Score="3" ViewCount="26543" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm creating some test cases using Selenium WebDriver in C# for a web application. That web application uses different frames for different elements and those frames are not having any Name and ID. After doing some googling I found that frames can be referred with the number too, starting from '0'. So, I used the same; as some of the elements which were throwing error earlier are now working after I used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().Frame(1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used it randomly and it worked, but when I use &lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().Frame(0);&lt;/code&gt; for referring to the earlier frame it didn't work, for this I have to use &lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&lt;/code&gt; for going  back to the last frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this the correct method of handling frames without Name and ID?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to provide correct numbering to frames? Lets say there are 7-8 frames then, how I know which frame is at 0, 1 , 2 ...etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why this reverse method of handling frame is not working?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T14:45:08.403" Title="How to find frames without Name and ID using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14445" CreationDate="2015-08-24T14:07:56.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked on .NET, JAVA, Wordpress, Sharepoint and PHP applications in different domains and found that for Blackbox testing there is no difference in the testing methods for Manual testing. Unless you are not bothered about the test environment, Once a build is successful, deployed and ready for testing, you are ready to execute your same test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the application I worked in, is having older version in Wordpress and newer version where whole application was re-builted was in JAVA, first we tested the Wordpress application (for its 2 releases and then JAVA application from scratch). The only difference was we learned from the client bugs of Wordpress application and modified our test cases to cover the scenarios which were not covered earlier and executed the same on JAVA version. Only the approach over which test cases were built was modified as executing same test cases with same approach wouldn't have changed anything (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6440/what-is-meant-by-the-term-pesticide-paradox-in-testing-point-of-view&quot;&gt;Pesticide Paradox&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Methodologies always remains the same i.e. independent of technologies, else while providing definition of Methods you must have seen disclaimers that this testing method is for .NET and JAVA, not for PHP and Wordpress. Since such disclaimers are not there, it means they are generic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, for some NFRs testing like Security testing your testing methods will depend upon the technologies being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T14:07:56.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14446" CreationDate="2015-08-24T14:19:17.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For unnamed iFrames I think I would use the SRC attribute, since this should be unique:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.XPath(&quot;//iframe[contains(@src,'&amp;lt;the contents of the src here')]&quot;))&#xA;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the frame numbers may change each run depending on the order of loading of the browser. Not sure when it gets its internal ID, I would not depend on it for a page with 7+ iFrames.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T14:30:19.580" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T14:30:19.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14449" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14450" CreationDate="2015-08-24T15:11:05.797" Score="2" ViewCount="262" Body="&lt;p&gt;After pressing &lt;code&gt;Call to Test&lt;/code&gt; button &lt;code&gt;Select a Test&lt;/code&gt; dialog window opens. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rEGvO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rEGvO.png&quot; alt=&quot;Filtering on Select a Test window&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to make filtering down to the desired folder (e.g. containing on different levels &quot;03.&quot; &amp;amp; &quot;Templates&quot;) so to save time while using these templates?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-25T13:43:36.493" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T13:43:36.493" Title="How to do filtering in 'Call to Test' dialog in HP ALM?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14449" CreationDate="2015-08-24T15:29:33.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The right way is to filter by 'Subject' and not by 'Path'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gtHqr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gtHqr.png&quot; alt=&quot;filtering conditions&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that there is only desired path displayed in &lt;code&gt;Call to Test&lt;/code&gt; dialog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T15:29:33.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12463" CreationDate="2015-08-24T15:30:59.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way is to store these User/Pass in application property files. I am using Spring though you can check this &lt;a href=&quot;http://crunchify.com/java-properties-file-how-to-read-config-properties-values-in-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; to see how you can read the application property.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this way, you can have and save multiple username and password for different staging environments in an external file.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example your property file (release.properties) contains:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    mainpage.loginEmail1 = foo@bar.de&#xA;    mainpage.pass1 = 1234&#xA;    mainpage.loginEmail2 = foo2@bar.de&#xA;    mainpage.pass2 = 6666&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in your Cucumber scenario (.feature) you have:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given I am logged in with user no &quot;2&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in your step implementation:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Value(&quot;${mainpage.loginEmail1}&quot;)&#xA;private String loginEmail1;&#xA;@Value(&quot;${mainpage.loginEmail2}&quot;)&#xA;private String loginEmail2;&#xA;&#xA;@When(&quot;^I am logged in with user no no \&quot;([^\&quot;]*)\&quot;$&quot;)&#xA;    public void logInWithUser(final String userNo) {&#xA;            switch (userNo) {&#xA;&#xA;            case &quot;1&quot; :&#xA;                userName = loginEmail1;&#xA;                break;&#xA;&#xA;            case &quot;2&quot; :&#xA;                userName = loginEmail2;&#xA;                break;&#xA;}&#xA;pageUIAuthPage.loginAs(userName, yourPass);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T09:08:13.377" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T09:08:13.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14272" CreationDate="2015-08-24T16:06:54.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The concept of a unit test is that that test can run as a self contained test.  It will test one behavior is true/false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using helper files is fine as long as changes are consistent and won't affect the behavior of previously written tests.  In other words, you shouldn't put anything in your helper that is unique to a single test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-24T17:22:24.613" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T17:22:24.613" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14196" CreationDate="2015-08-24T19:32:41.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used this and it worked for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().Frame(1);            &#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;   Assert.AreEqual(&quot;My Next Question&quot;, driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*........&quot;)).Text);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;catch (AssertionException)&#xA;{&#xA;  // verificationErrors.Append(&quot;Element was not displayed&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;string element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='request........&quot;)).Text;&#xA;Console.Write(&quot;Number of pending requests are: &quot; + element);&#xA;System.IO.StreamWriter file = new System.IO.StreamWriter(@&quot;E:\New\test.txt&quot;);&#xA;file.WriteLine(&quot;Number of pending requests are: &quot; + element);&#xA;file.Close();&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Pending&quot;)).Click();            &#xA;driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;logout-link&quot;)).Click();&#xA;driver.Quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T15:45:05.373" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T15:45:05.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14378" CreationDate="2015-08-24T20:11:52.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read this one online and really liked it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;7) To what extent should developers do their own testing or do you believe testing is the responsibility of the QA team?  &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.testmunk.com/10-interview-questions-for-qa-managers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;from here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first focus is on whether they have the technical skills to perform the job in general.  Your second focus should be on whether they'd be a good fit at your specific workplace.  I'd want to know how they handle conflicting release schedules, who is ultimately responsible for a release, is it ever OK to go cowboy and give a shipit without testing, etc.  Think about what kinds of conflicts have come up in YOUR company involving QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11719" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T20:11:52.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14378" CreationDate="2015-08-24T20:41:47.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the QA Lead will have responsibility for a number of test engineers, I would ask questions around coaching and how this person would ensure that the test engineers are doing a great job and are developing in their roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13145" LastActivityDate="2015-08-24T20:41:47.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7432" CreationDate="2015-08-25T06:24:16.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to use below format to avoid quotes errors: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='btnContr']/input[@value='Cancel']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8871" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T02:57:51.370" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T02:57:51.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14458" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-25T07:27:13.977" Score="6" ViewCount="11482" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am beginner in writing test cases. I am working on a live mobile testing project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider a test case to login to a Mobile application:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test case Description&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To verify that user is able to sign into the account successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test case steps&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Launch the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Enter valid email address and password into the 'email' and 'password' input fields respectively.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Observe that user is able to sign into the account successfully.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expected Result&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;User must be able to sign into the account successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the correct , generally accepted way to write test cases steps. Should we write the line 'Observe' in the 3rd step. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Please give some good examples of complete test case and the words used by professional testers?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13157" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:16:27.017" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:16:27.017" Title="How to write proper Test Case steps?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-25T07:49:13.627" Score="3" ViewCount="6494" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have an iOS application (written with Obj-C and now starting to incorporate Swift) that we want to write tests for using &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our test team comprises of people who have little programming experience.&#xA;However, most of our developers (apart from the iOS devs, obviously) are intimately familiar with Python and are using it in our production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are not sure which language to pick for writing our tests with, although I, personally, am leaning towards Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any specific reason to pick Java over Python?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="627" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T08:18:31.837" LastActivityDate="2019-08-19T08:07:56.793" Title="Which language to choose for Appium - Python or Java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14459" CreationDate="2015-08-25T08:29:07.987" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any specific reason to pick Java over Python?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not really. It depends on which language &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; feel more comfortable with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;However, most of our developers (apart from the iOS devs, obviously)&#xA;  are intimately familiar with Python and are using it in our production&#xA;  environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So go with Python. Then Devs can also contribute to e2e Test Automation (faster).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T08:48:18.713" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T08:48:18.713" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14459" CreationDate="2015-08-25T08:32:25.147" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oh Boy! you might start another one of the Java vs Python vs Other language war. These are kind of question which are always answered with preference for a specific language in mind. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me- I would prefer &lt;strong&gt;Python&lt;/strong&gt; over Java, because of one reason : &lt;strong&gt;Its simplicity&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Our test team comprises of people who have little programming experience. However, most of our developers (apart from the iOS devs, obviously) are intimately familiar with Python and are using it in our production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say this, I am interpreting that your test team has little programming experience , although it is something which is not alien to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked on both Python and Java, implementation of Selenium and Appium, and I've felt that Python is a lot easier to grasp and code with, compared to Java- but this is completely a personal opinion. People may differ from this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I've felt is that Python is a lot easier to begin with and for people like your team members would definitely find it easy to learn, as compared to Java (again- a personal opinion). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a lot easier to write simple code in Python as compared to Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me take a simple example- A simple Hello world program &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Python, it would simple be as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;print('Hello World')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where as in Java, it would be :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class HelloWorld {&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;   System.out.println(&quot;Hello, world!&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Python program is much smaller, simpler and easier to understand than a Java program, which comes in handy when you have a team, which has less or no technical prowess (programming knowledge).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/7552/peter-masiar&quot;&gt;Peter Masiar's&lt;/a&gt; answer to this question for more reason as to why you should choose Python : &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14142/i-want-to-learn-selenium-but-not-sure-about-the-language-i-need-to-learn-for-aut/14151#14151&quot;&gt;I want to learn Selenium but not sure about the language I need to learn for automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T11:03:18.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14458" CreationDate="2015-08-25T09:38:14.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testcase format&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like one of the following formats:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ArrangeActAssert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Arrange Act Assert&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guide.agilealliance.org/guide/gwt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Given When Then&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These give a clear separation between test phases and steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is the test situation setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the action under test (try to keep action steps under 10, preferable less)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is verified&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to write the step details of test-cases greatly depends on who the target audience is. You could give more or less details, some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Very detailed: Manual testers without application knowledge, steps need to be 100% exact.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A bit detailed: Client acceptance testing, guidelines to trigger client into testing their personal workflows.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Less detailed: Automated tests, high level steps might be sufficient in the test-case descriptions. Just enough to be able to understand what needs to be automated. Details are later defined in the tests it self.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Language&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You ask about which words to use. This often depends of the domain of the applications. Different industries might use different terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be sure others understand your test-cases try to use a bit of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usability_testing#Hallway_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hallway testing&lt;/a&gt; with them. Let someone else execute the testcase while you watch what they are doing without giving them any assistance. Improve the testcase and try again with someone else until the testcase is self explanatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be sure to prevent &lt;a href=&quot;http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/ambiguous&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ambiguous language&lt;/a&gt;, set a shared language between teams and tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T11:08:09.777" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T11:08:09.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14463" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-25T09:57:04.787" Score="3" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;At this moment I write my test cases in Markdown. So they can be version-controlled (I use Git). From Markdown I can render the sources into either HTML or PDF, it can be automatized through a shell script, so it's not a problem to rebuild PDFs every time I want to fix a small typo or whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These test cases are manually performed, but sometimes have corresponding autotests in either Selenium IDE or Selenium WebDriver. They are always built after a manual test is ready and checked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm moving towards creating data-driven test cases, separating instructions from data (which is no more than strings and numbers). So I thought about storing data in some format, which would allow me to use the same data source both for manual tests and for autotests. This would allow me to reuse autotests with new data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've drawn a flowchart of how I imagine the whole system to work. Making data-driven automated tests seems like no trouble. It's easy to read &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/13495/12295&quot;&gt;either an XML or Properties (key=value) file&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But how do I make human-readable instructions from raw data?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any ready solutions for building Markdown or any other text format?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is a good practice to build human-readable instructions from raw data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the possible flaws of the whole idea?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LE0H9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LE0H9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12295" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T22:37:22.247" Title="Both machine- and human-readable data-driven test cases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14444" CreationDate="2015-08-25T12:28:21.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In majority of cases JMeter should print the relevant information into &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try clean session: delete browser's cache, cookies, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can try &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1528451-chrome-extension&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Chrome Extension&lt;/a&gt; instead of JMeter's proxy to see whether it resolves your issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T12:28:21.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14466" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-25T15:02:14.083" Score="2" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;We made an action list about where to improve in the enterprise software but we are not sure about where to start. These are the list of things we are going to implement but not sure about the priorities. Any thoughts about how to approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Software Quality Action List&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Centralized Monitoring by using Elastic Search&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implementing Microservices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move to Rich domain model from anemic domain model&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement Dependency Inversion &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement Aspect oriented programming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement Code Contracts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement Test Automation by unittest integrated to CI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13166" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-18T20:40:50.493" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T17:41:36.960" Title="How to approach software quality in a big enterprise project" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;planning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14467" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-25T16:37:54.150" Score="1" ViewCount="425" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using DataProviders, on TestNG, my test method has asserts that will fail since the data passed in navigates to a different url. Is there a way to work around this, i.e. a way for the data to only be injected to certain/specific asserts? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;VINNumbers&quot;)&#xA;public String[][] VINNumbers() {&#xA;    return new String[][] {&#xA;            {&quot;2T1BU4ECC834670&quot;},&#xA;            {&quot;1GKS2JKJR543989&quot;},&#xA;            {&quot;2FTDF0820A04457&quot;}&#xA;    };&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;VINNumbers&quot;)&#xA;public void shouldNavigateToCorrespondingVinEnteredIn(String VIN) {&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(findYourCarPage.getURL() + VIN);&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(reactSRP.dealerListingMSRPIsDisplayed());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The assert test whether or not the page has an MSRP displayed, but not all dataproviders will have an MSRP displayed so it will fail. The only dataprovider that has it is the first array. Is there a way for dataproviders to be called to specific asserts? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="12793" LastEditDate="2015-08-25T17:35:51.970" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T05:31:51.733" Title="Dataproviders and Asserts" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14469" CreationDate="2015-08-25T16:56:07.600" Score="1" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im not sure what you would call this exactly, or what kind of testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But say you have your main branch for Product A, (lets assume we are using Git). Bob creates a branch to work on Feature XXY, Bob needs to test XXY.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So besides Unit Tests that are ran against the XXY Branch, what are other ways to test such a branch...and what is this kind of testing even called?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T17:09:03.647" Title="Testing feature/branches independently?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14468" CreationDate="2015-08-25T17:09:03.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some time ago we had a tool installed on a server named &lt;code&gt;testManager&lt;/code&gt; which has a simple GUI to switch branches on a server. If you can manage the project specific points of your tests (times for each branch and config files for several databases etc.) you can use this tool for testing different branches on a testserver. But as said you can only one branch at one time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to google the tool but I didn't found it and the dev who brought it in has gone and we dropt the tool as we changed our server structure some years ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T17:09:03.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14500" CreationDate="2015-08-25T17:26:59.180" Score="1" ViewCount="318" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone used these? I'm in the market for a simple issue tracking tool and all of our code bases are stored on GitLab (or they have been). We have a relatively small team and while I was looking for Issue tracking tools for our team I thought....well heck why not use GitLabs integrated Issue tracking tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Since the users are there and it's &quot;free&quot; as in we've been using it so it wouldn't cost any additional money)...is there really any downside to this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean for a Huge team it might not make sense, but our team is only like 4-5 devs and 1 qa (me)...it seems like a fine solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone using it have any pro's/con's?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T12:17:32.610" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T12:17:32.610" Title="GitLab/GitHub for issue Tracking?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14471" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-25T20:47:49.550" Score="3" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new at testing, so my apologies in advance if my question is very primary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started my job as a Tester 4 months ago. I am using Java, Selenium and Sikuli to write tests for applications. I know that my question is very wide but I was wondering what other stuff should I learn to be a better tester? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any package of different tool kits and frameworks that if I learn them I could call myself a good tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again my apologies to ask such a wide question but I am really lost between too many frameworks and tools and ways of testing and need to follow a track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13171" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:09:31.820" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:09:31.820" Title="What set of toolkits and frameworks should I learn to be considered as a good tester" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2015-08-25T20:51:32.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing web services, try &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.runscope.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Runscope&lt;/a&gt;. You can test services on your local machine, on staging, as well as those running in the cloud -- all using the same test definition. For production monitoring/testing, you can set up schedules to run automatically. For CI, you can trigger tests to run against your service in any environment. There's a usage tier that's completely free of charge, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12244" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T20:51:32.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14471" CreationDate="2015-08-25T22:10:22.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;is there any package of different toolkits and frameworks that if I&#xA;  learn them I could call myself a good tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good testers aren't defined by a magic set of toolkits and frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good testers are defined by their ability to test in lots of contexts - automated, manual, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular, good testers are good thinkers who can understand the need of the company and the system-under-test and apply their background and knowledge to get the job done in the time given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-08-25T22:10:22.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14474" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-25T22:35:01.867" Score="-1" ViewCount="2117" Body="&lt;p&gt;Steps: Select and Enter the largest order values below (this largest values change the location &amp;amp; Values every time). See the image for more understanding. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://challengers.flood.io/start&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://challengers.flood.io/start&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GsVTB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GsVTB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13197" LastEditorUserId="13197" LastEditDate="2015-08-27T16:11:23.443" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T14:05:53.773" Title="Select and Enter the largest order values below: How to do that in Selenium Webdriver using Java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14471" CreationDate="2015-08-25T23:35:59.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can enhance your java-Testdriver scripts by &lt;em&gt;datadriven&lt;/em&gt; ability. With such, you can do much more tests with single script. Disadvantage is, you have to think about maintain datasets for different tests. Datadriven testing is followed by technology leaders as Tosca Testsuite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing you can try with Selenium is mastering Xpath to make better and more robust locators of HTML or whatever you test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I do agree with Joe Strazzere, it is too wide question. Nothing (frameworks, methodologies or tools) will assure, you will be better tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2015-08-26T00:02:20.023" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T00:02:20.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2588" CreationDate="2015-08-26T00:19:17.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(I find it very strange that other answers are all about security. I could not find any indication from the OP about a security requirement)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try googling &quot;Test Network Stack&quot;, at the time of writing it found these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/packetdrill/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/packetdrill/&lt;/a&gt; - no source code changes since 1st May 2014&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cwrap.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://cwrap.org/&lt;/a&gt; - likely no ethernet support, only for testing xNIX applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://isic.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://isic.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt; - has security application, but has IP Stack testing in mind. Has a low version number, but you're using it to test, not for production, so that shouldn't matter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://iwl.com/protocol-testing/ip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://iwl.com/protocol-testing/ip&lt;/a&gt; - Commercial device costing up to $5k. I like how they've listed their tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://fedorahosted.org/lnst/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://fedorahosted.org/lnst/&lt;/a&gt; - appears to be the best option. Focuses on bridge, team, bond, VLAN etc, but also for ordinary network devices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling for network stack security testing would be complimentary, but I wouldn't think as comprehensive as, software purpose built for testing network stack functional compliance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13175" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T00:19:17.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14471" CreationDate="2015-08-26T03:31:02.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/68/joe-strazzere&quot;&gt;Joe&lt;/a&gt; is absolutely correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you have been given a duty to prepare a tea. You have been given a tea pan, and the ingredients to make tea (water,sugar, milk, tea leaves, and some ginger as well ). All these ingredients are from different brands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the tea as your end product and the ingredients to be the various components which will allow you to integrate and prepare a final product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, when you're preparing tea, your function is to properly mix all the ingredients-irrespective of the brands and prepare a nice, properly cooked tea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you think would your mettle as a cook would be measured?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it be measured how good you prepared tea- it's overall quality, or would it be measured on the basis of how you used X brand of tea leaves, mixed with Y brand of sugar, and Z brand of milk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be skilled enough to be not bothered by the brands/make of the ingredients. Instead, you should be skilled enough to know, how these all, in spite of being different, can be mixed and cooked together to prepare a nice hot cup of tea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The essence of this example, is that instead of being caught up in all the spider web of frameworks and tools, you need to rather hone your all-round skills- skills which rise above the boundaries- of which tool, technology, you use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few good reads that would serve the purpose :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ebaytechblog.com/2013/01/31/becoming-a-world-class-tester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ebaytechblog.com/2013/01/31/becoming-a-world-class-tester/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/10-qualities-that-can-make-you-a-good-tester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/10-qualities-that-can-make-you-a-good-tester/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T03:31:02.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14467" CreationDate="2015-08-26T05:31:51.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the data provider, pass another string to indicate whether to execute the assert or not. Change your &lt;code&gt;assertTrue&lt;/code&gt; to check for that. Something like following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;VINNumbers&quot;)&#xA;public String[][] VINNumbers() {&#xA;    return new String[][] {&#xA;            {&quot;2T1BU4ECC834670&quot;, &quot;true&quot; },&#xA;            {&quot;1GKS2JKJR543989&quot;, &quot;false&quot; },&#xA;            {&quot;2FTDF0820A04457&quot;, &quot;false &quot;}&#xA;    };&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;VINNumbers&quot;)&#xA;public void shouldNavigateToCorrespondingVinEnteredIn(String VIN, String validVIN) {&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(findYourCarPage.getURL() + VIN);&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(&quot;false&quot;.equals(validVIN) || reactSRP.dealerListingMSRPIsDisplayed());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8250" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T05:31:51.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6601" CreationDate="2015-08-26T06:30:14.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you have to locate the web-element uniquely presented as select list on UI, you can use Firebug for that to find list element's id, name, xpath or css path. Then create SelectElement object passing this element locator attribute. To select an option in the list, you can choose any option like SelectByValue or SelectByText.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;&#xA;class SelectingOption&#xA;{&#xA;    static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;        IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();    //Launch Firefox browser&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.abc.com/&quot;); //Go to application URL&#xA;&#xA;        //Authentication and navigation code to page where select list there&#xA;&#xA;        SelectElement se = new SelectElement(driver.FindElement(By.id(&quot;select_element_id&quot;))); //Locating select list&#xA;        se.SelectByText(&quot;Item1&quot;); //Select item from list having option text as &quot;Item1&quot;&#xA;&#xA;        //se.SelectByValue(&quot;Item1&quot;); //Select item from list having option value as &quot;Item1&quot;&#xA;&#xA;        //Following code to selecting item from list&#xA;&#xA;        driver.Quit(); //Quitting the Firefox&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13178" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T06:30:14.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14459" CreationDate="2015-08-26T06:34:09.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will go for Python because of it's simplicity. Python code looks readable and can be easily understood and even others who have very limited programming skills can also join in later phase of automation to accomplish voluminous scripting/data addition work if you have put a nice data driven framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13178" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T06:34:09.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14474" CreationDate="2015-08-26T06:46:42.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Walk through all the child's of the list of bullets, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/28045084/1088584&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; for an idea how todo this in Java.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save their values in a temporary array/list &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://javahungry.blogspot.com/2013/08/largest-or-maximum-value-in-array-java-calculate-find.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a MAX function&lt;/a&gt; to find the highest score in the array/list. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you have the highest score you can find the bullet you want to click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We cannot give you a code example without the HTML of the page and or knowing which programming language you are using for Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T19:25:32.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14600" CreationDate="2015-08-26T08:07:50.443" Score="1" ViewCount="1287" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZCmnt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZCmnt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After opening the modal window or modal overlay , performing any click operation within the modal takes very long time. It doesn't throw any exception neither does the execution stops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;selectRecord&quot;)).click();// It opens a pop-up containing records .&#xA;log(&quot;Pop-up opened&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;record_1&quot;)).click();&#xA;Reporter.log(&quot;record clicked&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the pop-up opens webdriver get's hanged for very long time and the next click operation is not performed (ie clicking on element with id record_1) neither does it comes to next line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using the following environment :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FF : 34.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium : 2.44&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggest some workarounds if there's an issue with Selenium itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5492" LastEditorUserId="5492" LastEditDate="2015-08-26T12:08:54.427" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T00:05:53.097" Title="Selenium hangs for modals in firefox browser for very long time" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14485" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-26T10:11:09.347" Score="0" ViewCount="10326" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have set up 2 PCs as selenium hub &amp;amp; node.Now, I am trying to browse a URL in that node, from a console app that runs in the hub. But there is an error when initialising the browser.Both PCs run on windows 7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//setting up the hub&#xA;Process.Start(&quot;cmd.exe&quot;, &quot;/C java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.47.1.jar -role hub&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//setting up the node&#xA;string Command1 = &quot;/C cmdkey.exe /add:\\DES100 /user:abcd /pass:abcd123&quot;;&#xA;string Command2 = &quot;psexec.exe \\DES100 -w D:\\Selenium java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=D:\\chromedriver.exe -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.47.1.jar -role node -hub http://hubip:4444/grid/register&quot;;&#xA;Process.Start(&quot;cmd.exe&quot;, string.Format(&quot;{0} &amp;amp;&amp;amp; {1}&quot;, Command1, Command2));&#xA;&#xA;//open the browser&#xA;&#xA;//ERROR AT BELOW LINE&#xA;IWebDriver NewDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri(&quot;http://100.100.10.100:4444/wd/hub&quot;), &#xA;                                DesiredCapabilities.Chrome(),TimeSpan.FromSeconds(180));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ERROR The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server for URL&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://100.100.10.100:4444/wd/hub/session&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://100.100.10.100:4444/wd/hub/session&lt;/a&gt; timed out after 180 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13181" LastEditorUserId="13181" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T05:52:28.620" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T05:52:28.620" Title="how to launch Chrome using remote webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14485" CreationDate="2015-08-26T10:56:52.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; mentions this remedy for this error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using the RemoteWebDriver and you get the The path to the chromedriver executable must be set by the webdriver.chrome.driver system property error message you likely need to check that one of these conditions is met:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The chromedriver binary is in the system path, or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Selenium Server was started with -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=c:\path\to\your\chromedriver.exe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check if you are not missing any of these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T10:56:52.390" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14471" CreationDate="2015-08-26T12:23:58.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to be a greater tester, you need to cultivate a mindset of curiosity and skepticism.  Without that, knowing tools and frameworks is useless.  On the other hand, not knowing tools and frameworks will slow you down.  That knowledge is not sufficient, but it's necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you expect to read your developers' code, you should learn whatever languages they're using, along with whatever unit-testing framework they use, if they do unit-testing.  You might also want to familiarize yourself with the libraries used to access external systems, e.g. SMTP/IMAP/POP, HTTP, SQL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond that, you should let your work drive the tools you use.  One of the best uses of automation is to &lt;em&gt;create test data&lt;/em&gt;, so you should learn tools that allow  you to get data into your systems.  That might mean getting really good at SQL and database management tools, or using Curl in interest ways, or using Python to create big data files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T12:23:58.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14492" CreationDate="2015-08-26T13:32:18.307" Score="5" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are testing without requirments you can rely on your own logic and common expectation from your user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's say I'm testing a button &lt;code&gt;Process and Send&lt;/code&gt; (input stuff for data is working fine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6477C.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6477C.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I press the button, and see the correct results of data processing on the screen, but there is no sending action is happening or it's happening but there is no way for user to guess where it is send to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question: what kind of bug reports should be created?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sending functionality is not working&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Missing fields for specifying destination for sending processed data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorrect naming of &lt;code&gt;Process and Send&lt;/code&gt; button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-08-27T08:15:52.250" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T08:15:52.250" Title="How should I do functional testing without Requirments?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14490" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-26T13:35:19.780" Score="4" ViewCount="18329" Body="&lt;p&gt;Monkey testing is a software testing technique in which the testing is performed on the system under test randomly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exploratory testing is simultaneous learning, test designing and execution.Tester does not follow a strictly defined process. So whats the difference between both test approaches? Also is Ad-hoc same as Exploratory?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13187" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-26T14:05:11.927" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T04:47:12.630" Title="Difference between Exploratory Testing , Monkey Testing and Ad-hoc Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14491" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-26T13:43:25.783" Score="7" ViewCount="1653" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a SCRUM MASTER in a TEAM of 10 people (6 DEV, 1 Designer &amp;amp; 3 QA).&#xA;My organization has just started working in SCRUM methodology and we are having a problem in resource management -&#xA;Current Scenario - Our Sprint 1 is near to completion (last week of Sprint is going) now at this point we see that Developers have no task, as the PBIs completed from their end, All the Major BUGs resolved and verified. Now only Testing team is working in Sprint as they have to complete some of the Stability testings and running failed test cases again. So, developers are free and there are no tasks for them. How to handle this case?&#xA;Possible solutions that come in mind (and I am not satisfied with any of these) are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Start new Sprint, as DEV can start working of new PBIs (&lt;strong&gt;BUT&lt;/strong&gt;: Then QA will have the pressure of both Current and upcoming sprint at the same time) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask DEV to read PBIs and thinking about Ideas of next implementation at least (&lt;strong&gt;BUT&lt;/strong&gt;: I don't want a team to discuss Ideas separately, as Sprint planning is a soul of SCRUM where QA and DEV together sit and discuss the IDEAS)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask DEV to do some research and all in order to enrich their knowledge and strength for a better team. (&lt;strong&gt;BUT&lt;/strong&gt;: My Boss does not agree to pay 6 Developer to do unwanted research for 5 Days) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide some IDEAs or if you have any real experience kindly share the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13189" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:46:07.487" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:46:26.227" Title="How to handle Idle team members in Sprint" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14489" CreationDate="2015-08-26T13:59:05.633" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because there are no requirements, I would say go with your first option.  You are relying on normal expectations based on the button text.  If the bug is rejected, you can ask why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better yet though, find someone who should know (PM/BA/Customer or maybe even the dev) and find out what it's supposed to do.  The more information you have, the better bug report you can create and the faster it can be resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T13:59:05.633" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14490" CreationDate="2015-08-26T14:01:05.537" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I once tested a Windows client UI by randomly banging on the keyboard while my coworker randomly moved and clicked the mouse.   I found bugs that way, and I could reproduce them, but (at least initially) I couldn't tell you the exact set of keystrokes and mouse clicks that triggered the problem.  That is &lt;strong&gt;monkey testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt; is testing without a script or a predefined set of test cases.  Perhaps the  main idea about exploratory testing is that it is possible (and productive) to start testing with an ambiguous or loosely-defined goal.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; says this about exploratory testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;According to Cem Kaner &amp;amp; James Marcus Bach, exploratory testing is more a mindset or &quot;...a way of thinking about testing&quot; than a methodology. They also say that it crosses a continuum from slightly exploratory (slightly ambiguous or vaguely scripted testing) to highly exploratory (freestyle exploratory testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are not meant to be non-overlapping categories of testing; rather, they are different ways of approaching the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how ad-hoc testing is supposed to differ from exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-08-27T19:29:20.757" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T19:29:20.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14491" CreationDate="2015-08-26T14:11:49.713" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems you have a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrumalliance.org/community/articles/2012/january/a-sprint-is-not-a-mini-waterfall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mini water-fall&lt;/a&gt;. Everyone in the team should help finish the Sprint. Let the developers help with the Stability testing and re-running failed test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers and QA do not exist in Scrum, to quote the Scrum guide:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scrum recognizes no titles for Development Team members other than&#xA;  Developer, regardless of the work being performed by the person; there&#xA;  are no exceptions to this rule;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to find a way to make the individual members more &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.crisp.se/2009/02/27/henrikkniberg/1235769840000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cross-functional&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a certified Scrum Master, I would expect you know this, maybe you should read the recent &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/038534645X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scrum book of Jeff Sutherland&lt;/a&gt;. I just finished it and its worth the read even if you do not use Scrum :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just some feedback on your ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Start new Sprint for as DEV can start working of new PBIs (BUT: Then&#xA;  QA will have the pressure of Current and upcoming sprint together)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA will keep falling behind and even more behind. QA will take shortcuts to get back in pace, don't do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ask DEV to do some research&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Research is nice, but better is to write more automated tests or removing technical-debt by refactoring code to be better maintainable. This will make the team faster in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:46:26.227" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:46:26.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2015-08-26T14:23:19.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to agree with PaulDonny's first sentence.  There is no standard tool for web services.  All of the answers here give great examples of tools that work well.  As much as I personally dislike SoapUI, I have seen testers use it very well for REST services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to present two additional options however.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first, which really only works well if the service is in .NET, is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb552364(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WCF Test Client&lt;/a&gt;.  Although it says WCF, I've seen it work well for many services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second, which is my personal preferred, is to roll your own.  For each of the services that I test, whether they be REST or SOAP, I build out a windows form to interface with the service with elements for each of the variables in the URI and the payload, as well as elements to change the verb, content type, headers, etc.  Throw in the ability to do impersonation, links to documentation, health checks etc, and you've got yourself a one stop shop for testing your service.  It takes some extra work up front, and some additional maintenance, but, works like a charm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T14:23:19.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14496" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-26T16:53:47.480" Score="3" ViewCount="571" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a &lt;code&gt;Symfony2&lt;/code&gt; web project using &lt;code&gt;PHPUnit&lt;/code&gt; for the unit tests. Recently I added functional tests with the package &lt;code&gt;phpunit/phpunit-selenium&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have added tests to do a login, then to create an item and the tests successfully checks the item has been created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is time now to create a functional test that logs into the web and deletes an item. This pre-assumes that the item exists. So I need to setup a fixture at some place to ensure the &quot;known state&quot; pre-test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note 1: I already do have a 'test' environment different from the 'production' one, so installing fixtures is what I need, no matter if the &lt;code&gt;DB&lt;/code&gt; remains cluttered after the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note 2: I don't think it matters, but just in case: The &lt;code&gt;php&lt;/code&gt; and its tests runs in one server, the &lt;code&gt;mysql&lt;/code&gt; runs in another one and the &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt; in a third server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder what are the best practices in devops-oriented companies for this situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I am thinking to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a full-structure, few-data SQL text file that contains the happy-path data and edge cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have the setup call a test-helper class like MySQLFixtureLoader&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have the MySqlFixtureLoader to clean the test DB and execute the SQL file &quot;as is&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tests now may run as the state is known.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cleanup is not needed in teardown.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this is like &quot;clean&quot;, this has a handicap, and it is that if you run the tests accidentally in production, you reduce production to smoke.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively I am thinkg to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Off-test, from time to time (ie: once per month, once per week, once per day) clone the &lt;code&gt;production-db&lt;/code&gt; into the &lt;code&gt;test-db&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a no-structure, few-data SQL test file that ONLY contains &lt;code&gt;INSERT&lt;/code&gt;s and patches the production data with newer data ontop.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exercise the tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cleaup in teardown so the resulting DB does not contain the tests cases anymore (so it equals the original prduction data). Probably executing another SQL file that is control-versioned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is is like less clean, because kills repetaibility. But ensures that run in production the risk of destroying drastically drops to near zero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Less clean because using production data could pass the tests today, and fail them tomorrow, while neither the product code neither the test code has been changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead it also tests the software in &quot;that particular MySQL server&quot; that for example can be overloaded if cluttered with real data that would not exists in a clean fixture (for example in a search among 1 billion lines instead of the same search in just 1 thousand lines).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But... anyway, questions that arise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should the fixture loaded in the &lt;code&gt;setUp()&lt;/code&gt;? Maybe in the &lt;code&gt;setUpBeforeClass()&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is better? To have SQL code in the test suite? Or some helping file also committed to the &lt;code&gt;git&lt;/code&gt; and run an external &lt;code&gt;mysql&lt;/code&gt; import it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I could consider to have like a &lt;code&gt;fixture database&lt;/code&gt; and clone it to the &lt;code&gt;test database&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;setup()&lt;/code&gt;, but it is like less versionable (or you would need to pre-seed the fixture DB each time you clone or pull from the repo, just in case someone else added new test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should the test DB be based the production data and add the test cases on it? Or should it be clean and small so it is &quot;repeatible&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I just &quot;add whatever needed for that test&quot; and then teardown by deleting that so I could safely run the test suite on the production site without risk of deleting all?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I rely on a pre-filled system that does not load automatically?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already know things that I &quot;could&quot; do. What I'm asking is what have you done in the real-field, ie: in your real-life companies, that solves this issues and works clean an nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13193" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T19:36:27.527" Title="How do I put a MySQL fixture in a PHPUnit driving a Selenium2?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14497" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-26T17:09:49.210" Score="2" ViewCount="982" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am expecting a pop-up upon closing the browser. For example, when you are shopping and you have items in cart and in the middle of the checkout process, you wanted to close the tab/browser, at that time the site should give you a pop-up asking &quot;Are you sure you want to leave?&quot; or something similar!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium with python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I do, &lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt; it just closes the browser. It does not give any pop up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other method that I can use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13195" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T03:56:54.433" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T17:43:59.923" Title="Expecting a popup upon closing the browser" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14490" CreationDate="2015-08-26T17:27:54.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In non-technical English, &quot;ad hoc&quot; means &quot;something done for a particular purpose, as and when necessary&quot;. The literal translation of the Latin phrase is &quot;to this&quot;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/ad-hoc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/ad-hoc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Ad hoc testing&quot; would be something done as a &quot;one-off,&quot; for example devising tests to diagnose the &lt;em&gt;cause&lt;/em&gt; of a particular problem, as distinct from re-running a larger standard set of tests to check that the problem had been &lt;em&gt;fixed&lt;/em&gt; correctly without causing any side-effects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An ad hoc test could be exploratory testing, monkey testing, or any other test methodology that is appropriate to the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13196" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T17:27:54.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14470" CreationDate="2015-08-26T21:18:22.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Almost any serious tool can be used effectively in a small team. &#xA;However, learn and explore the tools are important; its secondary features can be crucial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding GitHub issue tracking, it's important to not only register bugs and issues, but also use it completely: Address the issue to milestones (end of sprint, e.g.), correctly label, etc, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One team will probably have problems if the tool do not fit its process of development. The most important resource is the people, and tools must be used to improve the way people do their craft, not pivot it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2015-08-26T21:18:22.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14485" CreationDate="2015-08-27T07:48:41.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Process.Start(&quot;cmd.exe&quot;, &quot;/C java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.47.1.jar -role hub&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You didn't specify any port for the hub. Then the default hub -port is port 4444. I'm wondering why you were trying to connect &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://100.100.10.100:5555/wd/hub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://100.100.10.100:5555/wd/hub&lt;/a&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://100.100.10.100:4444/wd/hub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://100.100.10.100:4444/wd/hub&lt;/a&gt;&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13159" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T07:48:41.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14008" CreationDate="2015-08-27T08:06:48.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For point 6 of the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load test results are stored in a data base. They can be accessed as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open any &quot;.loadtest&quot; file. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;From the load test editor's command icons click on &lt;strong&gt;Open and manage results&lt;/strong&gt;. The command is also available in the context menu of the load test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The top text field specifies the database to use. The default value should be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The bottom text area shows the stored results for the test named in the second text field. This defaults to the current test. This field can be altered to name a different test or to show all the stored test results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select the test to show and click &lt;strong&gt;Open&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The data base containing the results can fill up. Some versions of SQL (eg SQL Express) have a maximum data base size. Sometimes it is useful to run a load test on one computer then copy the results to another computer for detailed analysis. The &lt;strong&gt;Open and manage load test results&lt;/strong&gt; window has three more facilities for managing the results. By using the &lt;strong&gt;Export&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Remove&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Import&lt;/strong&gt; commands, test results can be extracted from the data base and archived elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One or more test runs can be selected and then &lt;strong&gt;Export&lt;/strong&gt;ed. The output is a &quot;.ltrar&quot; file. These &quot;.ltrar&quot; files can be huge but they compress significantly into ZIP files.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One or more test runs can be selected and then &lt;strong&gt;Remove&lt;/strong&gt;d from the data base, ie deleted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An &quot;.ltrar&quot; file can be &lt;strong&gt;Import&lt;/strong&gt;ed into the data base.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The commands that open and manage results are only available from an open load test file. The load test does not need to do anything, it just needs to exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T08:06:48.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14491" CreationDate="2015-08-27T10:11:28.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can be a good time for developers to either catch up on some tasks (paying off various types of tech debt) or get a head start on some code redesign for next sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also not necessarily a bad thing to start on next sprints work, as it might help with having a more steady stream of work. As you might find there isn't a great deal to test at a start of a sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you need to work out, is how do you make the testing requirement less bumpy. i.e. how do you test earlier, so you don't need such a big time at the end of the sprint to test changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastEditorUserId="5422" LastEditDate="2015-08-27T10:21:30.697" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T10:21:30.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6826" CreationDate="2015-08-27T11:58:46.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is also the long option which uses selenium's element displayed functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://w3c.github.io/webdriver/webdriver-spec.html#dfn-element-displayed&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3C specifications for element displayed&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&#xA;b = webdriver.Chome()&#xA;b.get('https://google.com')&#xA;els = b.find_elements_by_css_selector('*')&#xA;hidden_els = [el for el in els if not el.is_displayed()]&#xA;print(hidden_els)&#xA;b.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13148" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T11:58:46.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14518" CreationDate="2015-08-27T17:15:07.913" Score="0" ViewCount="1119" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to run performance tests in Jenkins using JMeter. I have the following shell script &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -n -t JMeterTest.jmx -l Test.jtl&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to run jmeter locally in my project using &lt;code&gt;jmeter&lt;/code&gt; or by doing &lt;code&gt;/usr/local/bin/jmeter&lt;/code&gt;. But I don't know how to do it in Jenkins. Can anyone help me? Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13214" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T12:42:23.777" Title="jmeter: not found in Jenkins" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1986" CreationDate="2015-08-27T20:46:25.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailosaur.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mailosaur&lt;/a&gt; in the past to do the exact same thing, and plan to use this again.  I'm hoping that in a few days I will have this implemented in my automation framework.  There are other services as well that provide it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13217" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T07:01:23.450" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T07:01:23.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14507" CreationDate="2015-08-27T20:50:42.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you have JMeter installed on a jenkins slave?  If so, do you have it setup to use jmeter as a symlink.  That's really all you need to do.  What is the exact error you have?  jmeter not found?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13217" LastActivityDate="2015-08-27T20:50:42.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14511" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-27T22:58:35.873" Score="1" ViewCount="2079" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new using Selenium IDE (and as a QA).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm testing my Web application on Firefox and I have an export button that downloads an Excel file. My problem is how to handle the window dialog native of the browser (in this case, the download window), because when the download step is executed I get this error: &lt;code&gt;Timed out after 30000ms&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I searched on the Internet about this topic, but I can't found a solution to my problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to handle the native windows of Firefox use Selenium IDE, without using Selenium Driver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll appreciate any help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13218" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T16:44:21.510" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T20:04:48.067" Title="Handle Firefox native dialog windows with Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14491" CreationDate="2015-08-28T03:20:18.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to move to a &lt;strong&gt;Kanban&lt;/strong&gt; solution where you can establish a WIP limit. As your developer completes their tasks in the story, they can start on another set of tasks in another story with no downtime (unless there are dependencies). When your WIP limit has been reached, then the team swarms to complete the 'in progress' stories. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite simple solution for your concern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13220" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T03:20:18.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14458" CreationDate="2015-08-28T05:04:09.553" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as QA and also to write a test cases of mobile application and  web application. In Both Application  required in writing the test cases are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case id&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case(unit to test)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Preconditions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Input test data&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Priority&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Steps to be executed&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Expected result&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Actual result&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pass/Fail&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Comments&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and for more information see below of reference link in which all Negative and positive test cases of login page is displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.9lessons.info/2011/02/how-to-write-test-cases-for-login.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.9lessons.info/2011/02/how-to-write-test-cases-for-login.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://w3lessons.info/2014/08/23/a-lesson-on-testing-login-page-example/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://w3lessons.info/2014/08/23/a-lesson-on-testing-login-page-example/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T05:13:00.803" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T05:13:00.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14511" CreationDate="2015-08-28T07:20:23.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you can change the settings of Firefox so that it just download without showing a download file dialog. &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/change-firefox-behavior-when-open-file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/change-firefox-behavior-when-open-file&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot handle native OS dialogs with Selenium IDE, if you can't disable the download dialog, then your only option is dropping the IDE and writing Selenium tests in code and combine it with something like Auto-IT: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T16:57:01.607" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T16:57:01.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14516" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14558" CreationDate="2015-08-28T08:38:08.700" Score="3" ViewCount="12337" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to click on a download link which will open in a new tab in pdf format.I want to do some actions on newly open tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to switch to newly open tab but when I am trying to do any operation its giving exception &quot;no such element exception&quot; bcoz of still it is focused on previous tab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://somewebsite.com/&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;download&quot;)).click();  //By clicking on this it will open a new tab &#xA;for(String winHandle:driver.getWindowHandles()){&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T05:05:25.803" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T19:37:15.190" Title="switching between tabs in a browser" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14524" CreationDate="2015-08-28T12:26:13.640" Score="0" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very much confused which &lt;strong&gt;tool&lt;/strong&gt; to be used for a &lt;strong&gt;web based project&lt;/strong&gt; on &lt;strong&gt;what basis&lt;/strong&gt; we should &lt;strong&gt;choose an automation tool&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-08-28T19:04:43.247" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T07:42:09.980" Title="how to know which tool is appropriate for automating website?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-08-30T08:54:03.800" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14507" CreationDate="2015-08-28T12:42:23.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't have JMeter startup script in your PATH - it is expected that Jenkins doesn't find it. Try providing the full path or something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/usr/local/bin/./jmeter&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, Jenkins &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Performance+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Plugin page&lt;/a&gt; recommends launching JMeter via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.lazerycode.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Maven Plugin&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.programmerplanet.org/projects/jmeter-ant-task/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ant task&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/5-ways-launch-jmeter-test-without-using-jmeter-gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;5 Ways To Launch a JMeter Test without Using the JMeter GUI&lt;/a&gt; guide for detailed explanation of JMeter unattended execution options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T12:42:23.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14517" CreationDate="2015-08-28T12:59:56.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have knowledge of programming language like java, C# etc., you can go for Selenium Webdriver or Selenium RC. Its very nice tool which is widely used, with many functions to automate web based applications. (And its open source too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need tool with less programming headache, you can use Robot Framework, Which internally uses Selenium webdriver itself. But its Keyword driven, you can save your self from coding. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://robotframework.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13226" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T12:59:56.677" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14359" CreationDate="2015-08-28T13:22:15.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am only working with &lt;strong&gt;Page Objects&lt;/strong&gt; which makes it pretty straightforward to keep them inside the page object where it is used, meaning &lt;strong&gt;inside a class&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually this way you are accomplishing some things that are important for successful automation projects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DRY principle&lt;/em&gt; (only this one class contains and cares about your&#xA;xpath)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ease of use&lt;/em&gt; (no loading/transformation of external data necessary)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Readability&lt;/em&gt; (other/new programmers/testers will find the necessary&#xA;info at one place, this keeps complexity in check)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12569" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T13:22:15.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14247" CreationDate="2015-08-28T13:34:25.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe this question was already resolved, but here's an example that I use in my test project. I use C# and the web application uses kendo charts too.&#xA;I created a method just to capture the tooltips values and return a string. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public string GetTooltipValue()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(400);&#xA;        IWebElement waitToolTip = Wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.CssSelector(&quot;div.k-tooltip.k-chart-tooltip&quot;)));&#xA;        String tooltipText = Driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;div.k-tooltip.k-chart-tooltip&quot;)).Text;&#xA;        return tooltipText;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It uses a Thread.Sleep on the first line because sometimes there is a delay between click on the chart and the tooltip be shown. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13228" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T13:34:25.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14517" CreationDate="2015-08-28T16:05:59.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When choosing any tool you need to evaluate the options available to you.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;First step is to get a list of tools that are out there (google is your friend).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I begin evaluating  I tend to make a list of criteria and give each tool a mark out of 10, for example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Features – Does the tool offer the features you think you will need?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Usability – How usable is the system?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Scalability – As the number of tests you are performing increases,&#xA;can the tool support this?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learning curve – Does the tool use existing technologies/languages&#xA;you are familiar with or do you need to learn again from scratch?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cost – Always important!!!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Community Support – If you need help, are there questions on Stack ;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Integration – will the tool integrate with other tools, eg will it&#xA;run on Jenkins?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this will help you narrow down your options to one or two. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point I would tend to suggest putting together a small proof of concept to get a feel of the tool.  No matter how appealing the tool's website or demo is, don't put all your eggs in one basket until you have got it working yourself!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T07:42:09.980" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T07:42:09.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14474" CreationDate="2015-08-28T19:30:17.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First: have to figure it out Max value then have to select the radio button then have to type max value into text box, hope you understate guys!! If you don't know how to do it, please don't assume it..I know everybody expert in here... please help me with the solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with this bellow code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement NUMBER1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='new_challenger']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/div/span/label&quot;));  &#xA;WebElement NUMBER2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='new_challenger']/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[1]/div/span/label&quot;));&#xA;WebElement NUMBER3 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='new_challenger']/table/tbody/tr[4]/td[1]/div/span/label&quot;));&#xA;WebElement NUMBER4 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='new_challenger']/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[1]/div/span/label&quot;));&#xA;WebElement NUMBER5 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='new_challenger']/table/tbody/tr[6]/td[1]/div/span/label&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;String [] Value = {NUMBER1.getText(), NUMBER2.getText(), NUMBER3.getText(),     NUMBER4.getText(), NUMBER5.getText()};&#xA;for(int i=0; i&amp;lt;Value.length; i++){&#xA;System.out.println(Value[i]);&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;List b = Arrays.asList(ArrayUtils.toString(Value));&#xA;System.out.println(Collections.max(b));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it doesn't give me the max value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13230" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-08-29T15:52:38.117" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T15:52:38.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14517" CreationDate="2015-08-28T23:25:01.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You must consider what are your needs, and measure those needs against tools which can meet most or all of those needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I consider a test automation tool, here are some general needs I measure the potential tools against:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/things-i-like-to-have-in-my-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/things-i-like-to-have-in-my-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-08-28T23:25:01.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14552" CreationDate="2015-08-29T10:30:51.240" Score="1" ViewCount="8438" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to check whole application and I need to handle an Icon, where after click a file is downloaded. &#xA;How to handle it? Is there any other way, than NOT to click on the icon?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T15:55:10.867" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T12:10:36.927" Title="How to handle a download file in Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13563" CreationDate="2015-08-29T10:59:18.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;try to change THIS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;javascript { storedVars[&amp;amp;quot;EclipseCost&amp;amp;quot;].substring(9,16);}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;y&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for THIS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storedVars['EclipseCost'].substring(9,16)&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;x&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(works for me)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't have to use &lt;code&gt;javascript {}&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;storeEval&lt;/code&gt; which is designed for single statement. The error was probably caused by use of storeEval itself. If you switch &lt;code&gt;storeEval&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;storeExpression&lt;/code&gt;, it would work, cause is designed for javascript processing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2015-08-29T11:04:56.243" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T11:04:56.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13136" CreationDate="2015-08-29T11:24:09.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use click and screenshot in following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;click | elementXpath&#xA;waitforvisible | elementIndicatesPageChangedXpath&#xA;captureEntirePageScreenshot | ${scrnPath}${date} ${TCResult} ${TCName}-{TCstepName}.png&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which waits until page elements after click are loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be combined in JavaScript plugin, where you can do all actions with a single NEW command (for example clickAndScreenshot) and use it as Selenium core extension (see options). Probably some scripts already exist, but not exactly you need. You have to write one. Good programming skills in JavaScript are necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://refactoror.wikia.com/wiki/Selblocks_Reference&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SelBlocks&lt;/a&gt; and write your own Function which will do the job and you can use Stored variables in naming of the screenshot as I do above. You can click it trough in S-IDE by yourselves. Little programming skills are necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases u have to handle parsing of the parameters, because more than one is necessary. Use storeExpression of S-IDE and JavaScript &lt;code&gt;x.search(searchvalue)&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;x.substring(searchvalue)&lt;/code&gt; functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2015-08-29T11:36:46.423" LastActivityDate="2015-08-29T11:36:46.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14517" CreationDate="2015-08-30T07:57:59.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I always choose automation tool basing on the main programming language of the product under test &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I also try to use swiss-army-knife options if possible, for instance performance testing tool for functional automation instead of &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Watir&lt;/a&gt; or whatever as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;almost all of them provide record-and-replay feature which simplifies and speeds up the process of tests development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;protocol-based tests execution speed is much higher&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;running tests in parallel is something performance testing tools support out of the box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can always use either full test or lesser subset for identifying performance bottlenecks and ensure that there are no degradations caused by new functionality or bug fixes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wider protocols support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use free and open source software where possible as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can always look into sources to see how this or that bit is implemented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if some feature is missing, incorrectly works or isn't optimal - you can implement or change required functionality and contribute your improvements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully above approaches will help you to identify the best strategy and narrow down tools list to manageable and reasonable size. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; guide for example research of identifying a test tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-08-30T07:57:59.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6742" CreationDate="2015-08-31T03:37:02.077" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to learn many things before being able to work in test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The skills are ordered from 1 to 13 so that it is easy to understand how they develop:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;13 Test Automation (basic skills)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;12 Learn Page Object Model&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;11 Learn Object Oriented Programming in Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10 Learn the WebDriver framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9 Learn JUNIT                                                            &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8 Learn the Java basics&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 Learn Eclipse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 Learn how to create XPATH locators&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 Use browser plugins (Firebug, Firepath, FireCookie)                     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 Learn HTML and CSS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 Read how the HTTP protocol works, get and post requests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 Understand how browsers work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 Manual Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.ca/2015/08/how-to-learn-test-automation-with-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;How To Learn Test Automation With Selenium&quot;&gt;See more details on this article: &quot;How to Learn Test Automation With Selenium&quot; on test-able.blogspot.ca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13242" LastEditorUserId="13242" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T14:45:50.427" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T14:45:50.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-31T07:12:58.310" Score="3" ViewCount="10223" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am searching for open source tool to test the performance and functionalities of  a &lt;strong&gt;desktop&lt;/strong&gt; application functionalities like generating reports, starting and ending time of each operation like report rendering and maintain the log of every single action as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other recommendation  for desktop applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T15:11:44.047" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T15:11:44.047" Title="Performance test open source tool for desktop applications" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14531" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-31T11:01:51.423" Score="2" ViewCount="802" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to do parameterization for TestNG in Eclipse but the annotation &lt;code&gt;@parameter&lt;/code&gt; is not being shown.&#xA;How to add &lt;code&gt;@parameter&lt;/code&gt; annotation for TestNG in eclipse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10495" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T21:38:15.927" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T05:22:51.790" Title="How to add @parameter annotation for TestNG in Eclipse" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14530" CreationDate="2015-08-31T13:36:29.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you test performance of a web application, the important aspect is the server side. You can also improve performance on the client side with tools like pageSpeed or Yslow.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When you ask for performance testing tools for windows applications, I think you should see which protocol the application uses to communicate with the server, and look for a performance testing tool to stress this protocol. &#xA;Perhaps you are trying to improve performance on a desktop application with no communication with any server, in that case I guess the option that best fit for you is a profiling tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12944" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T13:36:29.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14533" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-08-31T13:37:01.900" Score="4" ViewCount="608" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any tips or good links for how to best organize projects in HP-UFT?  I'm just beginning to use UFT rather than MTM and am finding some aspects unwieldy.  What I'm trying to do is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a separate solution for each client application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inside of that, have functional tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a single task that executes all functional tasks in the specified order&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What it looks like is that I'll need to create each functional task, then create a &quot;Test All&quot; task that calls each action.  Is there a better way to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13244" LastEditorUserId="13244" LastEditDate="2015-08-31T17:10:36.730" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T13:59:37.230" Title="HP-UFT Organizing Test Projects" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14530" CreationDate="2015-08-31T14:56:40.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure what performance testing means in you context, but there are several GUI testing tools (you can look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedias' List of GUI testing tools&lt;/a&gt;) that might be used for your purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application has an API that allows accessing functionality BELOW the GUI than you can use a generic automation framework or even plain programming language to test it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T14:56:40.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14490" CreationDate="2015-08-31T17:20:24.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Monkey testing has it's perks, particularly if a test is being recorded so that when an exception is generated there's an understanding of what caused the exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ad hoc testing is useful for testing a resolution to a specific bug (retesting).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scripted testing is great for regression situations where you need to exercise all of, or the bulk of, functionality of the software in a new version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exploratory testing (my personal favorite) is useful during development, particularly when coupled with Agile development.  This allows QA Analysts and Testers to run through the software at their own leisure, often in between other types of testing that may be dictated by the development cycle, to run manual checks and balances against various functions and modules of a given piece of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my current position, I tend to perform exploratory testing that is related to other ad hoc or scripted testing that I currently am doing as mandated by my tasks for the current sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13244" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T17:20:24.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14491" CreationDate="2015-08-31T17:29:19.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Neils van Reijmersdal isn't wrong, but such a strict view of Scrum isn't always healthy as every team is different, and the needs of every project vary.  Scrum is meant as a guideline for successful development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All development groups at my company (a software company with many divisions, each with their own products) have both engineers and QA analysts as separate functions.  However, this does not mean that the engineers cannot perform QA tasks, or vice versa, as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We tend to face the opposite issue, where in QA we are waiting for tasks to be completed by engineers.  This is an easier problem to solve since exploratory testing is always an option (and there is never a &quot;zero defect&quot; situation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your particular issue, if there are truly no testing or development tasks available in the current sprint you can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bring PBIs from backlog into the current sprint, even if only the development tasks are completed and the testing tasks get completed in the next sprint.  There is nothing wrong with this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the time for training.  Use Pluralsight or Udemy or other online courseware options, have cross-training among the engineers, or have the engineers self-learn with books or small secondary projects related to the business.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the time for the engineers to meet with business analysts for cross-job training and education (this can go both ways).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have the engineers generate very basic test case scenarios for modules that they expect to be testing before releasing to QA.  These are often basic validation scenarios, and can help the next sprint go more smoothly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, the first is generally what we do - move items from backlog to the current sprint with only the development tasks.  If there's time, pull in a testing task for the PBI as well, if not, the testing task can be part of the next sprint.  This keeps all members of our team having work available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13244" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T17:29:19.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14531" CreationDate="2015-08-31T18:41:29.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you trying to add TestNG parameters annotations to pass parameters to your test method?&#xA;TestNG uses &lt;code&gt;@Parameter&lt;/code&gt; annotation for this purpose. Try with capitalized letters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;&#xA;@Parameters&#xA;public class helloWorldTest {&#xA;    @Parameters(value=&quot;blah&quot;)&#xA;    public void testHelloWord() {&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11544" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T08:49:53.560" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T08:49:53.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14490" CreationDate="2015-08-31T19:19:40.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exploratory Testing&lt;/strong&gt; is a testing approach that allows you to apply your ability and skill as a tester in a powerful way.Testers have to understand the application first by exploring the application, finding out about the software. Exploratory testing is a simultaneous process of test design and test execution all done at the same time. The focus of exploratory testing is more on testing as a &quot;thinking&quot; activity. See it &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/exploratory-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pros and Cons&lt;/a&gt;. It is a bit formal process than Ad-hoc testing. &lt;a href=&quot;http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/ad-hoc-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sometimes it is referred as improved version of Ad-hoc&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ad-hoc&lt;/strong&gt; testing is an informal testing type with an aim to break the system. This testing is usually an unplanned activity . It does not follow any test design techniques to create test cases. This testing is primarily performed if the knowledge of testers in the system under test is very high. This testing requires no documentation/ planning /process to be followed. Usually &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/adhoc-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ad-Hoc&lt;/a&gt; testing is performed after the formal test execution. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/adhoc_testing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;It has following types&lt;/a&gt;:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buddy testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pair Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monkey Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ad-hoc testing is itself known as &lt;strong&gt;Monkey&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Random&lt;/strong&gt; testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T18:19:56.753" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T18:19:56.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14353" CreationDate="2015-08-31T20:01:34.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter is aimed more at load testing, it is also used for functional testing, but there are better alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For integration testing of REST APIs you can try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.httpmaster.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HttpMaster&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;It supports dynamic parameters and the possibility to assess response data with validations which can be combined into logical expressions.&lt;br /&gt;Nice feature is also the ability to specify global hostname, global query string, and other global data in a project. This can be really helpful with test management because global data can be reused and you are not required to define it for each and every test item. Thus you can change some global piece of data and this change will be immediately visible across all affected test items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13250" LastActivityDate="2015-08-31T20:01:34.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14201" CreationDate="2015-09-01T02:36:04.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Putting in arbitrary sleep times is usually a very bad idea when it comes to test automation. Instead of putting in sleeps between test steps (or test cases), it is far better to put in checking mechanisms to ensure that the system under test is ready for the next test step (or test case).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a generic example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Do Step A&#xA;sleep 10 seconds&#xA;Do Step B&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; pass &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt; but will break very easily, and also potentially waste much time. What if sometimes your system becomes ready after 0.5 seconds? You are needlessly spending 9.5 seconds without performing any meaningful task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that you had to sleep for 10 seconds tells you that whatever you did in Step A puts the system under test in a state such that it takes time for it to become ready for step B.  So figure out the conditions that need to be met for the system to become ready for step B, then check that those conditions are met. (This could be turned into another test assertion in itself, and often, is a good idea to do exactly that.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus a much better way of progressing is follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Do Step A&#xA;Wait for the system to become ready for Step B&#xA;Do Step B&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implementing the waiting step usually involves a loop and a time out, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;initTime = getCurrentTime()&#xA;goodToGo = False&#xA;while (getCurrentTime() - initTime) &amp;lt; timeOut:&#xA;    if condition to perform step B is met:&#xA;        goodToGo = True&#xA;        break&#xA;    sleep(checkInterval)&#xA;if goodToGo:&#xA;    PASSED - We can proceed to step B&#xA;else:&#xA;    FAILED - Something is wrong&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar code blocks to the above occur regularly in our automation testing code base. The value for &lt;code&gt;timeOut&lt;/code&gt; should be high enough such that if &lt;code&gt;timeOut&lt;/code&gt; is reached (i.e. &lt;code&gt;goodToGo == False&lt;/code&gt; at the end of the loop) you know for sure that a failure condition has occurred, but low enough such that the whole test run isn't delayed too much when such a failure condition occurs. &lt;code&gt;checkInterval&lt;/code&gt; should be set to a reasonable value so that we move onto step B quickly after the system becomes ready, but not put too much stress on the system by polling too often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a final note, intermittently passing test cases can often mean intermittent issues with the system being tested. What is the actual &lt;em&gt;root&lt;/em&gt; cause? Why does putting in arbitrary sleeps in between test cases cause your test cases to pass?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester, I would be extremely curious to know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13251" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T02:36:04.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14546" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-01T11:31:56.030" Score="1" ViewCount="576" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class DifferentMeterLogin &#xA;{&#xA;        public WebDriver driver;&#xA;        //public String baseUrl = &quot;https://website.com/&quot;;&#xA;        //private String username=&quot;1003852@us&quot;;&#xA;        //private String password=&quot;password&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        @DataProvider&#xA;        public Object[][] testData() &#xA;        {&#xA;            Object data[][]=new Object[2][2];&#xA;&#xA;            data[0][0]=&quot;1003852@us&quot;;&#xA;            data[0][1]=&quot;password&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;            data[1][0]=&quot;1003854@us&quot;;&#xA;            data[1][1]=&quot;password&quot;;&#xA;            return data;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        @BeforeSuite&#xA;        public void setUp()&#xA;        {&#xA;             driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;             driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;             driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @AfterSuite&#xA;        public void testDown()&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        @AfterTest&#xA;        public void logOff()&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.navigate().to(&quot;https://website.com/Account/LogOff&quot;);&#xA;            //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='logoffstatus']&quot;)).click()&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;@Test(priority = 1,dataProvider = &quot;testData&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        public void loginConsumerPortal(String username, String password)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Logging in...&quot;);&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;https://website.com/&quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_username&quot;)).clear();&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_username&quot;)).sendKeys(username);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_password&quot;)).sendKeys(password);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;button&quot;)).submit();&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Submitted&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @Test(priority=2)&#xA;        public void isLoginSuccessfull() throws InterruptedException&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Checking if successfull login&quot;);&#xA;            Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Dashboard&quot;, driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='ConsumerDashboard-cnt_int']/h4&quot;)).getText());&#xA;            Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;**--------------------------------------------------------------------------*&#xA;*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have different types of login credentials. I should be able to login with all types of id's and visit all menus.&#xA;I am using only firefox and using TestNG data provider to provide data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The problem is :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test is using 1 browser, whereas it should have used multiple windows.&#xA;Firefox handles sessions separately for all profiles i guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am thinking is there should be 2 windows of Firefox opened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but that is not happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="12033" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T11:38:03.063" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T10:26:30.717" Title="Logging in Firefox on same portal with different Credentials using TestNG Data provider and Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7138" CreationDate="2015-09-01T11:52:42.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please review my article: &lt;a href=&quot;http://united.softserveinc.com/blog/automated-performance-testing-desktop-app/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Testing of Desktop Applications&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Also, check full description of the solution in &lt;a href=&quot;http://united.softserveinc.com/getattachment/blogs/united-blog/August-2015/automated-performance-testing-desktop-app/Automated-Performance-Testing-of-Desktop-Applications.pdf/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T11:52:42.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14551" CreationDate="2015-09-01T13:24:01.573" Score="3" ViewCount="678" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Jmeter. I know how to use it and configure necessary things. Today I got one requirement from client that they are having website and they need load testing for that website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am little confuse that how to plan test for this website? I will start from 20 users but then what to set other things? For ex: How many interval should I put between 2 users? , switch interval between 2 pages etc. Is there any another things do I need to include in plan?  I want to do load testing in real way so can get exact capacity of website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9461" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T14:21:01.813" Title="What is common plan for load testing using Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14549" CreationDate="2015-09-01T14:13:04.310" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;First ask your client that &lt;strong&gt;'How many users their website intend to support?'&lt;/strong&gt; From client you should get the number of users during &lt;strong&gt;Peak Load&lt;/strong&gt; (Y) and &lt;strong&gt;Normal Load&lt;/strong&gt; (X) and their expected Response Time, &lt;strong&gt;some clients say make it as fast as possible, but never go for this wording, ask him about the numbers&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then start running your script from &lt;strong&gt;1 to X to Y&lt;/strong&gt; in an incremental way like 1, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 (X), 500 (Y) etc. After running your script for these number of users you will get the Response time i.e. for 200 users you will get Response Time as 4 ms, then compare it with the goal provided by client and mark your load test as pass or fail. &lt;strong&gt;While running load scripts target only the pages/ functionalities which will be most widely used and exposed to public users&lt;/strong&gt;, you don't need to load test the restricted or Admin functionalities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly increasing the load will give you a threshold value which your application can support. If this value is less than the Peak Load value then your test Fails, else its Pass. Calculate the Server Resource Utilization values too like &lt;strong&gt;CPU&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Memory&lt;/strong&gt;, Disk I/O and Network I/O to support your results (even if not asked by client, provide this as input from your end).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, coming to RampUp time, this is also required to create a more real scenario as in actual world hitting a Submit button by 200 users at same moment of time is rare (depending upon the application and its use). So, if the client provides it then good, but if not then first try running your script without Rampup and then increase it if you find your script is causing trouble while execution e.g. if your Normal Load is 200 and you provide 4 Ramup for 200 users then it is OK. &lt;strong&gt;But do mention the used Rampup in your reports.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;Timers&lt;/strong&gt; between consecutive actions, and &lt;strong&gt;CSV&lt;/strong&gt; files for more real scenario i.e. Let the user wait and think for 1-2 secs. before clicking on next page or action. But again, don't include this &lt;strong&gt;Wait Time&lt;/strong&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;Response Time&lt;/strong&gt; results, else it will be very high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not least, if your client doesn't provide the Normal and Peak Number of users (which ideally he should) then see previous login reports from the server or Database history to get this value. Check in DB that what is the normal user base and how many logins are there in a day or hour. &lt;strong&gt;For this you have to do a little study of client and/or users for which the application is intended to, but this is quite important to know.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;Capacity&lt;/strong&gt; of the server plot the &lt;strong&gt;Throughput&lt;/strong&gt; against &lt;strong&gt;Response Time&lt;/strong&gt; in a line graph, and where you find Throughput decreasing continuously after increasing to a maximum value and the point it intersects with Response Time is the Capacity i.e. &lt;strong&gt;Maximum no. of users supported&lt;/strong&gt;. For this refer the CPU and Memory usage too, so if you find at 150 users your server &lt;strong&gt;CPU and Memory&lt;/strong&gt; has gone above &lt;strong&gt;80%&lt;/strong&gt; then you should take the 150 as the Capacity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the client it is good to hear when you say application supports 150 and where as it can actually handle 200, but if you say it can handle 200 where as it actually supports 150 then it will be a negative impact on you and your whole report. So, always go for the minimum value founded by your during load test, and say it like &lt;strong&gt;'This is the minimum value supported by application, it may handle additional +50 users too'&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-01T14:21:01.813" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T14:21:01.813" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14525" CreationDate="2015-09-01T14:47:34.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was a bit tricky. Answer could be: Selenium IDE cannot do that. Download dialogs cannot be handled from IDE. But this is jus a half of the question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we need to handle somehow the situation, that there is a clickable Icon followed by download dialog, we should somehow test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution&lt;/strong&gt; is settings of the Firefox. We can setup Firefox to download a file of certain type wihout any dialog. Then you can just click the download link. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Settings in Firefox is located here: Hamburgermenu - Options - Applications - file type on your choice&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select Download the file directly. You have to check dowloaded files manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option could be to display file in Firefox (if possible), for example XML, PDF or SVG file, but I did not manage to focus IDE to another tab and support for managing Firefox tabs is not available so far (matter of possible change).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T12:10:36.927" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T12:10:36.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2701" CreationDate="2015-09-01T17:14:58.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's how I'm doing it in VB with FirefoxDriver.  I created a wrapper for the webdrivers, but without a wrapper it looks something like this. IWebDriver has two handle controls; CurrentWindowHandle and a collection of WindowHandles. The handles in WindowHandles are in the order in which they were created, so getting the last handle in the list gets the window you just opened. In my experience CurrentWindowHandle is NOT the new window, but the window in which you executed the javascript command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To open a new window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim script As String = &quot;window.open()&quot;&#xA;Dim jScript As IJavaScriptExecutor = CType(driver, IJavaScriptExecutor).ExecuteScript(script)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To switch to the most recently opened window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim lastWindowOpened As Integer = driver.WindowHandles.count - 1&#xA;driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles(lastWindowOpened))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Close or otherwise do something to each handle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;For Each window In driver.WindowHandles&#xA;   driver.SwitchTo().Window(window)&#xA;   driver.Close()&#xA;Next&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13246" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T17:14:58.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2015-09-01T20:23:52.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't forget Serenity aka Thycidides (&lt;a href=&quot;http://thucydides.info/docs/serenity-staging/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://thucydides.info/docs/serenity-staging/&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;It is in that sense a test management tool as it excels in creating a living test documentation for you which is also a great test report.&#xA;You can use it with JBehave or Cucumber or just with plain jUnit.&#xA;It depends on maven or grade to run the tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13259" LastActivityDate="2015-09-01T20:23:52.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14555" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14561" CreationDate="2015-09-01T22:32:15.113" Score="7" ViewCount="8307" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have extensive Python-based application, with many E2e tests (and of course unit tests), all in Python).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We started e2e test in FitNesse (Selenium1, with Python fixtures) many years ago. Recently we developed internal webdriver (Selenium2) based tests framework, with pageobjects and other best practices (with Jenkins as runner), using Python as main language for e2e test (as is for core application). Test flakiness decreased, writing test is more flexible, we like webdriver based e2e tests a lot, happy campers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers are adding Angular layer on top (with backend still in Python) on some pages (most pages are in Jinja). Angular pages will use Karma/jasmine for unit tests (written in JavaScript). So far so good, following best practices as practical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers suggest very strongly that we (QA) should write e2e tests in Protractor/Jasmine/JavaScript. We are a bit reluctant, because we invested lots of effort to FitNesse and webdriver tests (hundreds of running tests) and would prefer Python over JavaScript. Python is, and will remain, our main development language, and we want to avoid duplication existing Python/pageobject framework in JavaScript/Jasmine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;would like keep FitNesse for a while (too many tests, will take long time to reimplement them all, and will esier to move Fitnesse tests to webdriver then to jasnime), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;like Python/Webdriver a lot (very productive environment, easy to develop web page automation tasks for production needs way beyond e2e testing), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;would like to avoid adding third incompatible language (jasmine/javascript) for e2e testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that protractor may know more about Angular properties of the page elements, but is the pain of switching Python-&gt;Javascript worth it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions (all related, same question from different POVs):  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is Protractor so much more superior to plain Webdriver (even if&#xA;Protractor is layer on top of Webdriver), that it is worth to switch&#xA;to e2e tests in Protractor, abandoning our python pageobject code?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does Protractor have some superior abilities for Angular e2e testing which are not easy to reimplement by adding good locators alongside those generated by Angular?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or does it make sense to have two parallel e2e testing frameworks, Protractor/JavaScript for Angular-based pages, and Webdriver/Python for 80% of the pages which are non-Angular?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or Webdriver is just fine (after adding some locators) so we will not miss much, and will be happy in plain webdriver in Python? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there some open-source project which simulates Protractor capabilities, but uses (mostly) Python? Is it even possible?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27380994/can-angularjs-apps-automated-with-selenium-if-yes-why-should-we-use-protractor&quot;&gt;Can angularjs apps automated with selenium? if yes, why should we use protractor?&lt;/a&gt; on SE but we have strong preference for Python as main language (which Comment suggest might be OK, giving me hope).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that answer is always &quot;it depends what you prefer&quot;, but would like to know what hidden obstacles and traps we might encounter on either path, from people who been there done that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT, much later:&lt;/strong&gt; I learned that newer version on Angular (2+) abandoned the support for angular-specific locators (model/binding/scope) and support only standard locators (id/name/css class etc). With the only advantage of Protractor over Python/Webdriver gone, I see &lt;strong&gt;no reason&lt;/strong&gt; to move to different (and inferior, IMHO) language and abandon all our investment in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T14:36:13.540" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T14:36:13.540" Title="E2E testing of Angular app with Python backend: Protractor/JavaScript vs webdriver/Python" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14560" CreationDate="2015-09-02T02:51:15.850" Score="2" ViewCount="962" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing load testing of one website. Website is hosted on another server i.e Godaddy.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have installed Jmeter on my local machine and configured necessary things to start load testing. When I increase no. of users through Jmeter and check my pc CPU usage , it shows high up and down and also, physical memory gets full during heavy load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is I am putting load on server then why it affects local pc CPU usage and memory? Am I doing something wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-02T03:10:09.257" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T11:38:05.377" Title="Does load testing affect local pc CPU usage and physical memory?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14557" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14571" CreationDate="2015-09-02T04:59:16.147" Score="0" ViewCount="2295" Body="&lt;p&gt;hi everyone i am new to &lt;strong&gt;mac system&lt;/strong&gt;, on window system we read and write data from &lt;strong&gt;excel&lt;/strong&gt; sheet what about &lt;strong&gt;mac?&lt;/strong&gt; if &lt;strong&gt;notes&lt;/strong&gt; is an answer provide me a &lt;strong&gt;java code to read and write data from notes&lt;/strong&gt; file.&lt;strong&gt;strong text&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T07:22:05.667" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T07:22:05.667" Title="how to read and write file on mac system using java?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-09-08T07:17:47.553" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14516" CreationDate="2015-09-02T06:37:37.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here it is the working code for switching  between two tabs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://somewebsite.com/&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;download&quot;)).click();  &#xA;thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;for(String winHandle:driver.getWindowHandles()){&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(winHandle); &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T06:37:37.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14559" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-02T06:43:18.870" Score="1" ViewCount="160" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best session-based test management tool for larger companies? We have multiple test engineer groups, some with up to 7-8 testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any professional tools to support larger organizations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13145" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-02T11:14:36.187" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T20:10:13.250" Title="What is the best session based test management tool for larger companies with groups of 10-15 testers?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-18T14:52:51.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14556" CreationDate="2015-09-02T06:43:33.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are running the JMeter on your local machine. The load on your local machine comes from creating the requests to be sent to the server and handling the responses from the server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to check for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-performance-and-tuning-tips&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt; for performance tuning tips, such as running real load tests in non-gui mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T06:43:33.043" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14555" CreationDate="2015-09-02T09:50:09.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on an angular app with python/selenium e2e tests. The main difference is that protractor offers not just selection logic (model, binding, etc.) but also implicitly waits for angular page load, url changes, model updates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make up for these missing pieces. We had to have a fair amount of explicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not used it personally, but it may be worth looking at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/kpodl/pytractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;pytractor&quot;&gt;pytractor&lt;/a&gt;, which is a python adaptation of protractor. It does not seem to be actively maintained at this point though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13148" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T09:50:09.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14094" CreationDate="2015-09-02T10:11:27.980" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below code should help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static class WebDriverExtensions&#xA;{&#xA;    public static IWebElement FindElement(this IWebDriver driver, By by, int timeoutInSeconds)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (timeoutInSeconds &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;        {&#xA;            var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds));&#xA;            return wait.Until(drv =&amp;gt; drv.FindElement(by));&#xA;        }&#xA;        return driver.FindElement(by);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10952" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T07:18:09.617" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T07:18:09.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2015-09-02T10:15:11.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Jenkins CI and TestRail. Also we have our own framework which makes reporting much more easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/selenium-webdriver-software-testing/kspl-selenium-helper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/selenium-webdriver-software-testing/kspl-selenium-helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10952" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T10:15:11.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14564" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14651" CreationDate="2015-09-02T13:52:16.240" Score="4" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess how is this usually done? since a lot of times you don't get precise requirements from the client?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The User Stories change so often, and sometimes feel very vast. Is it typical to create an Acceptance test plans off of every User Story? ...especially when they aren't testable in the current states sometime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T05:55:20.663" Title="Acceptance test plans off User Stories?" Tags="&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14564" CreationDate="2015-09-02T16:46:46.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few clarifications needed here, before I can help you out in the right direction, as per your query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Are you working in an Agile/Scrum model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Why are the 'Requirements' unclear?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Why do the user stories change so often?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4- Why are the user stories so vast?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you may find that your testing is hampered, and you are being set up to fail by bad process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, User stories should be small- less than 2 weeks worth of work to deploy to production. &lt;strong&gt;Requirements&lt;/strong&gt; (acceptance criteria) should be clear and unchanging for the most part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If these variables are controlled, you won't need acceptance test planning, just testing of the story to the satisfaction of the Product Owner so they may '&lt;strong&gt;Accept&lt;/strong&gt;' the User Story and deploy it to production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7728" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-02T17:17:40.327" LastActivityDate="2015-09-02T17:17:40.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9174" CreationDate="2015-09-02T19:50:35.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;EDIT: let me show you what I have done with my project.&#xA;First of all my project is a SoapUI-Maven project, to automatically check a rest web service.&#xA;So, in one of my steps tests, I wrote a line in a .csv with the result that I want to measure along time.&#xA;With this csv holding the data, just had to set it up in a graphical chart, I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.highcharts.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HighCharts&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;To load it in Jenkins , you have to install the 'anything-goes-formatter' plugin, which I think it has some security risks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally got somthing like this:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bavMi.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bavMi.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13270" LastEditorUserId="13270" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T22:33:03.403" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T22:33:03.403" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12463" CreationDate="2015-09-03T09:44:13.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can store the credentials in yaml files, and then load the yaml files in the test steps or add the credentials to your global context. (ie. Given a user) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend keeping the files separate, one for mobile and one for web app. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the web app I am guessing you are using javascript since you mentioned protractor. You can look at something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nodeca/js-yaml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jsyaml&lt;/a&gt; to load yaml into json. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For appium you can look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.1.0/libdoc/yaml/rdoc/YAML.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;yaml gem&lt;/a&gt; for ruby. I have not done yaml loading on java so I do not have recommendation there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13148" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T09:44:13.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14570" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-03T09:49:53.303" Score="2" ViewCount="4048" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario , where I need to move the test cases of one project (Say Project 1) to another project (Project 2). Can anyone help me on how to move them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest any way of doing this, even if it is possible from Backend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13254" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T19:49:02.947" LastActivityDate="2018-03-09T06:17:35.400" Title="Copy Test Cases from one project to another in TestLink" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14557" CreationDate="2015-09-03T10:20:59.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;File format doesn't change no matter Windows it or Mac. I believe you need to look into &lt;a href=&quot;http://poi.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache POI&lt;/a&gt; library documentation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/what-every-performance-tester-should-know-about-extracting-data-files-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Extract Data From Files With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for code snippets and useful links. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T10:20:59.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14570" CreationDate="2015-09-03T10:24:27.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a possibility to export the test suite from Project 1 as an XML file. And import the XML file Test suite to the Project 2. You will find test cases in the Project 2.  I suggest you to read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://demo.testlink.org/latest//docs/tl-file-formats.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this official document&lt;/a&gt; about how to import/export test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: As you are importing test cases with the same External ID's, try to remove external ID tags from exported XML. External ID is the generated number of TC visible in Testlink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T14:06:06.090" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T14:06:06.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14557" CreationDate="2015-09-03T10:34:12.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to use JExcel API: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/jexcelapi/files/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sourceforge.net/projects/jexcelapi/files/&lt;/a&gt; . And here is an example how to use it: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/amazpyel/sqa_training/tree/master/Classwork&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/amazpyel/sqa_training/tree/master/Classwork&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7163" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T10:34:12.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14574" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-03T11:02:44.057" Score="0" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can same Test Case be executed by two different users in TestLink?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same test case (under the same test plan) can be assigned for execution to two different users, but can they be actually executed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't see any &quot;Save Execution Result&quot; button for the second user once the test case is executed by first user. So as per my knowledge it can't be executed. But still wanted to confirm whether is it possible? or Does TestLink provides such a functionality/feature? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13254" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-11T02:58:44.937" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T12:23:47.477" Title="Can same TC be executed by two different users in TestLink?" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14530" CreationDate="2015-09-03T12:36:53.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance Testing of Desktop applications is oxymoron. Desktop application is used by one, at most two persons at a time. So if generating a report takes 5 seconds it will take 5 seconds no matter how many users are pushing the button. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It takes 9 month for a woman to born a baby. 3 women won't produce a baby in 3 month. 0.5 woman won't give you a baby in 18 month. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use a tool i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikuli-script.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; to automate the process so you won't have to do the same buttons clicking every day for each new build, it will be possible to conditionally fail the test if report generation takes more than 5 seconds. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your desktop application relies on a backend server(s), i.e. pushing &quot;generate report&quot; button sends the relevant request to the database or any other server via a network protocol, desktop application waits for the response and renders it. In that case you can reveal bottlenecks like &quot;what happens if 500 users request a report at the same moment&quot;, &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; this simulation needs to be done on &lt;strong&gt;network&lt;/strong&gt; level, not in the GUI level. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in that case you can take any load testing tool which supports that protocol which application uses for talking with its backend and simulate the required load. Modern free, open source multi-protocol testing tools are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them support record-and-replay capabilities at least for HTTP and HTTPS protocols so if your application supports proxy settings you can configure it to use one of the above tools as a proxy and quickly record your load test for later replaying with increased amount of virtual users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; for extended information on aforementioned tools.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T12:36:53.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14576" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-03T13:17:46.290" Score="3" ViewCount="665" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am recording user scenario using QTP 11.0. So I have set up URL to open in IE 11 in &lt;code&gt;Record and Run Settings&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After starting record Security Windows dialog pops up over IE window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jQdv9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jQdv9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I fill in all the information and click 'OK'. All the actions are displayed in test recording window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZUgde.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZUgde.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is generated VB Script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Window(&quot;Internet Explorer_2&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Безопасность Windows&quot;).WinEdit(&quot;Edit&quot;).Set &quot;login&quot;&#xA;Window(&quot;Internet Explorer_2&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Безопасность Windows&quot;).WinEdit(&quot;Edit&quot;).Type  micTab &#xA;Window(&quot;Internet Explorer_2&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Безопасность Windows&quot;).WinEdit(&quot;Edit_2&quot;).SetSecure &quot;55e843e24276e91e&quot;&#xA;Window(&quot;Internet Explorer_2&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Безопасность Windows&quot;).WinEdit(&quot;Edit_2&quot;).Type  micTab &#xA;Window(&quot;Internet Explorer_2&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Безопасность Windows&quot;).WinObject(&quot;DirectUIHWND&quot;).Type  micTab &#xA;Window(&quot;Internet Explorer_2&quot;).Dialog(&quot;Безопасность Windows&quot;).WinButton(&quot;ОК&quot;).Type  micReturn &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after the authorization is complited and web-page is loaded, not a single action is recorded. Does anyone know how to deal with it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Researches till now:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Checked &lt;code&gt;Object Identification...&lt;/code&gt; parameters for Web:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F0cv7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F0cv7.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Checked &lt;code&gt;Web Event Recording Configuration...&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZgdDP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZgdDP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T13:45:42.150" LastActivityDate="2019-12-13T10:00:50.130" Title="QTP stops recording actions after Security Window dialog closes" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14576" CreationDate="2015-09-03T14:03:46.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have a solution, but only a posible workaround:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The URL spec supports passing username &amp;amp; password, so that you don't have to enter it manually (in the security popup, which seems to cause the problem). In your automation, you could try navigating to the URL as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://login:password@your.url.ru&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where login is your username and password is the password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in Internet Explorer MS disabled that feature, so you need to enable it manually, &lt;a href=&quot;http://darrellgrainger.blogspot.fr/2013/09/dealing-with-http-basic-authentication.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;as described here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After enabling it as described in the linked article, you're better off testing it yourself before feeding the URL through your automation, so that you're 100% sure it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTH&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13263" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T14:03:46.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14530" CreationDate="2015-09-03T14:15:48.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends a bit of what performance indicators you'd like to measure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. when testing timing, you may want to set certain indicators where to start the action (e.g. click a button) and when the action has completed (e.g. report was printed/shown) and simply measure the time inbetween. My current client does that manually on a per release base and measures e.g. compile times of a reference project. It's effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Windows Task Manager, Sysinternals Process Explorer, or Windows Performance Monitor comes in handy when measuring process load, RAM usage, etc., whereas perfmon can also record it over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTH,&#xA;alex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13263" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T14:15:48.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2015-09-03T14:27:27.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We needs to remember two magic words  “requirements and specifications” and then approach toaster, vending machine, alarm clock, pen etc etc as any other usual application under test with different testing types like functional testing, usability testing, white box testing, black box testing, performance testing, load testing and so on and so on   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13282" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T14:27:27.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14581" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14604" CreationDate="2015-09-03T14:43:19.670" Score="2" ViewCount="5533" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried a lot and tired now :(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to Load test a Website. I have configured all things, specified all necessary extractor &amp;amp; expressions and try to login, but it is giving me &lt;strong&gt;Response code: 302&lt;/strong&gt;. I can see that &lt;strong&gt;GET LOGIN &amp;amp; POST LOGIN&lt;/strong&gt; requests working perfect but page which is coming just after login is getting 302 in JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I have recorded a script using proxy to verify that if I am passing all values and expressions correctly or not , and found that I am doing it right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now what could be reason of not able to login when try to perform without record. I have read all type of solutions from internet but still there is not success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOLVED BY FOLLOWING :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Add Cookie manager &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Set CookieManager.save.cookies=true in jmeter.properties. By default it was false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9461" LastEditorUserId="9461" LastEditDate="2015-09-03T15:23:47.577" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T09:32:17.470" Title="Not able to login in site using JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14582" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-03T15:17:18.473" Score="2" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some efficient and non-tedious ways to document my page objects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I first did was take screen shots of my screen and label each page object to its corresponding web element but this turned out to be a night mare and now I am wondering of more convenient ways to document my page objects so that others can digest which methods or page elements go where with little effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use selenium and page object model to run my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T06:56:43.683" Title="How to document my page object" Tags="&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-03T15:20:27.360" Score="2" ViewCount="722" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to do simple recording of actions in Web-page using HP QTP 11.0. QTP is ran under admin user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The settings used are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Record and Run Settings&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &lt;code&gt;Web&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &lt;code&gt;Open the following address when a record or run session begins&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tools&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &lt;code&gt;Options&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &lt;code&gt;Web&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &lt;code&gt;Advanced&lt;/code&gt; checkbox &lt;code&gt;Enable Web Support for Microsoft Windows Explorer&lt;/code&gt; tried both selected and not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tools&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &lt;code&gt;Web Event Recording Configuration&lt;/code&gt; set to &lt;code&gt;High&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &quot;played&quot; with &lt;code&gt;Tools&lt;/code&gt; &gt; &lt;code&gt;Object Identification&lt;/code&gt; in dropdown &lt;code&gt;Environment&lt;/code&gt; select &lt;code&gt;Web&lt;/code&gt; and added &lt;code&gt;visible&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;Mandatory Properties&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;WebEdit&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;WebCheckbox&lt;/code&gt; etc. all web-starting stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I press &lt;code&gt;Record&lt;/code&gt; browser is opened on the specified Google page, but all the actions I do are not recorded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also tried downgrading to IE 10, 9 the result is still the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-04T13:21:35.040" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T03:12:35.357" Title="QTP 11.0 not recording actions in IE 11" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14582" CreationDate="2015-09-03T15:41:19.727" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend avoiding external documentation because no one wants to maintain it.  Instead, use comments in your code and useful names for your classes and methods.  And ask someone to review some of your code specifically with those considerations in mind.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T15:41:19.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-03T17:01:14.690" Score="1" ViewCount="1512" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to write an automated JUnit test script with Selenium Web Driver to load a Wikipedia page and then change the title of the page loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.regex.Pattern;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.junit.*;&#xA;import static org.junit.Assert.*;&#xA;import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class wikiTest {&#xA;  private WebDriver driver;&#xA;  private String baseUrl;&#xA;  private boolean acceptNextAlert = true;&#xA;  private StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();&#xA;&#xA;  @Before&#xA;  public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    baseUrl = &quot;https://www.wikipedia.org/&quot;;&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;  public void testwiki() throws Exception {&#xA;      WebDriverWait wait;&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl + &quot;/&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;searchInput&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;searchInput&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;fish anatomy&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;go&quot;)).click();&#xA;    wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;    //driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;firstHeading&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    /* in here I want to change the title of the page&#xA;    */&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @After&#xA;  public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;   // driver.quit();&#xA;    String verificationErrorString = verificationErrors.toString();&#xA;    if (!&quot;&quot;.equals(verificationErrorString)) {&#xA;      fail(verificationErrorString);&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private boolean isElementPresent(By by) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      driver.findElement(by);&#xA;      return true;&#xA;    } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;      return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private boolean isAlertPresent() {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;      return true;&#xA;    } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {&#xA;      return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private String closeAlertAndGetItsText() {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;      String alertText = alert.getText();&#xA;      if (acceptNextAlert) {&#xA;        alert.accept();&#xA;      } else {&#xA;        alert.dismiss();&#xA;      }&#xA;      return alertText;&#xA;    } finally {&#xA;      acceptNextAlert = true;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13286" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T11:37:11.797" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T11:37:11.797" Title="Change the title of a webpage in JUnit test with Selenium Web Driver" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14585" CreationDate="2015-09-03T17:29:32.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure why you would ever want to do that, but one way is to simply execute some javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;    &#xA;&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;document.title = 'new title'&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Changing text on a webpage (as per the comments) is achievable with pretty much the same method. just execute some javascript. so, inside the quotes instead of &lt;code&gt;document.title = 'new title'&lt;/code&gt; use &lt;code&gt;document.getElementById('firstHeading').innerHTML = 'new text'&lt;/code&gt; or for modern browsers use &lt;code&gt;textContent&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;innerHTML&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13257" LastEditorUserId="13257" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T18:25:08.717" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T18:25:08.717" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14525" CreationDate="2015-09-03T17:58:06.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can configure selenium to handle the download dialog in your code.  Here it is in Ruby:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# create a download directory&#xA;@download_dir = File.join(Dir.pwd, UUID.new.generate)&#xA;FileUtils.mkdir_p @download_dir&#xA;&#xA;# create a new profile&#xA;profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Profile.new&#xA;&#xA;# set the download directory&#xA;profile['browser.download.dir'] = @download_dir&#xA;&#xA;# set that you want to use the custom directory (1 = default path, 2 = custom, 0 = desktop)&#xA;profile['browser.download.folderList'] = 2&#xA;&#xA;# set what mime types of files to download automatically&#xA;profile['browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk'] = 'application/pdf'&#xA;&#xA;# if you're downloading a pdf you'll want to tell firefox to allow a pdf to be handled within the browser&#xA;profile['pdfjs.disabled'] = true&#xA;&#xA;# attach the configured profile to the driver.&#xA;@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, profile: profile&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13257" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T17:58:06.987" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2015-09-03T20:28:22.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, let me tell you my opinion on your plan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My plan to become an automation tester:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Learn Selenium using Java &amp;amp; TestNG. Learn QTP using VBScript,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;JMeter, LoadRunner for performance testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would just focus on learning Selenium using Java and JUNIT or TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you look at job trends on www.indeed.com, the number of Selenium jobs is just going up compared to the number of QTP jobs .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This applies to the North American market only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to test automation for web and mobile apps, Selenium is the number one choice for many reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a better investment to learn Selenium than other tools not only for the typical reasons (free, open source, language independence, etc) but also because&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;vendor tools started allowing you to use selenium scripts (example: Test Complete from SmartBear)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it will not take long before browser vendors will implement selenium drivers of their own; as soon as the selenium w3c draft becomes official, browser vendors will probably use it and build their own drivers that will be included in the browser&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, Java is a much better choice than VB Script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that it is probably the best language choice for Selenium as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the Selenium WebDriver framework is built in Java&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;most of the WebDriver documentation is available in Java&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;if you need help, most developers know Java or C# (which comes from Java as well)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree that it is overwhelming to learn test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to know not only what skills to learn but also in what order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article should help with a simple process of learning automation from zero:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/08/how-to-learn-test-automation-with-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/08/how-to-learn-test-automation-with-selenium.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, since practice makes everything perfect, use this link on how to create your first webdriver project:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/08/how-to-create-your-first-selenium-webdriver-project.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/08/how-to-create-your-first-selenium-webdriver-project.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the second item from the plan (JMETER, LoadRunner), start with JMETER.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not many companies are using LoadRunner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know Jmeter well, LoadRunner should not be too difficult to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you learn Selenium and Java first, this will help with getting Jmeter as some of the core technologies are used by both tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;both use xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;both use Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;both need html and http knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jmeter allows you to add selenium scripts to the load test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13242" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T20:28:22.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12333" CreationDate="2015-09-03T21:23:22.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All vendor test automation tools have record and playback components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These components are probably being used more for marketing the automation tools for manual testers than for test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a manual tester starts working on test automation, he looks first into shortcuts that will make him effective ASAP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And record and play modules provide the illusion of a shortcut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as soon as the tester records a few scripts and use them for a little while, he will realize how limited and ineffective is record and play in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a conversation with a colleague recently on exactly this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See it detailed on this link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/08/from-record-playback-to-automation-code.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/08/from-record-playback-to-automation-code.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13242" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T21:23:22.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13499" CreationDate="2015-09-03T22:40:30.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many benefits that come from learning test automation with selenium and java (or other language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want your career to focus on functional testing or lead/manager roles, learning test automation will help mostly with your overall testing education.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if you start thinking about expanding your skills from functional testing to testing types that are more technical, selenium and java are the correct step in that direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By more technical testing types, I understand&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test automation  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;api testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They all need a good grasp of core skills such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a programming language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;xml and xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;html and css&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regular expressions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;http and browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing more than functional testing means that you will be able to wear multiple testing hats which makes you more employable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you just compare pure manual testing jobs with test automation ones, the competition for the first job type is very high compared with the second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hear again and again about test automation positions that stay not filled for a long time due to not enough testers with automation skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See more about moving from manual testing to automation on this article:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/07/from-manual-testing-to-test-automation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/07/from-manual-testing-to-test-automation.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13242" LastActivityDate="2015-09-03T22:40:30.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14593" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14598" CreationDate="2015-09-04T05:37:48.343" Score="3" ViewCount="973" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been requested to perform load testing for website and after that decision to purchase new server will depends on me so I do not want to take any wrong decision or risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirement:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Put load on 15 pages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Delay/Interval between 2 threads/users 30 seconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Start with number of users &lt;strong&gt;15&lt;/strong&gt; [Will increase till 50 step by step]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Run Test for 30 Minutes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My test plan:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Added Thread group with &lt;strong&gt;Number of threads : 15&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Ramp-up Period [Seconds] : 1800&lt;/strong&gt; , &lt;strong&gt;Loop Count : 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Added HTTP Request Default&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Added Cookie Manager&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Added HTTP request for all 15 pages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Added Constant timer with every request with &lt;strong&gt;milliseconds: 30000&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;[Is this correct? will it put 30 seconds delay between every 2 threads/users?]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - Added Listener: View Result Tree with every request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 - Added listeners: Summary report, Spline Visualizer as a common listener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So my questions are simple:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Is above test plan is correct based on requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Do I need to add more listener or plugin to get a more detailed report of load testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just want to ensure above as I need real performance result so that based on the result we can optimize our server or purchase a new high configurable server to handle more users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T10:12:08.200" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T10:12:08.200" Title="Am I missing anything professionally in my JMeter plan?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-04T08:55:49.147" Score="1" ViewCount="1992" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unable to get the tool tip from a tag. The snippet of the HTML is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &amp;lt;table class=&quot;tiger-stripe&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;oddrow&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div id=&quot;div_2&quot; class=&quot;betterTip fltlt&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;p id=&quot;a_2&quot; class=&quot;betterTip&quot; lang=&quot;$div_2_Tip?width=300&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div id=&quot;div_2_Tip&quot; class=&quot;ToolTip&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;p class=&quot;Tooltip&quot;&amp;gt;Evaluate value : 400.00&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;p class=&quot;Tooltip&quot;&amp;gt;Actual value : 646.69&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;p class=&quot;Tooltip&quot;&amp;gt;Description : Payment Amount Back must be &amp;lt; Max Payment.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in the above html code the tool tip location is in the first paragraph tab but the tool tip text is present in the next paragraph tag&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to get the tool tip from various methods like &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;getAttribute()&lt;/code&gt; but no use. Can any one help me out?&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fKQ8j.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fKQ8j.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions a =new Actions(driver);    &#xA;&#xA;a.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//table[@class='tiger-stripe']/tbod‌​y/tr[2]/td[2]/div[@id='div_2']/p[@id='a_2']&quot;))).perform(); &#xA;&#xA;String toolTipText1= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//table[@class='tiger-stripe']/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/di‌v[@id='div_2']/p[@id='a_2']&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;title&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;tool tip text: &quot;+toolTipText1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T02:54:22.930" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T17:56:03.263" Title="Selenium WebDriver: Can anyone help me out in getting the tooltip?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-09-11T18:39:04.150" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14594" CreationDate="2015-09-04T10:07:48.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your xpath doesn't seem to be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String toolTipText1= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//table[@class='tiger-stripe']/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/di‌v[@id='div_2']/p[@id='a_2']&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;title&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you see your HTML, the text that is shown in the tooltip is contained in another div id then what you are using. Also, you're trying to get the title attribute, which as per the HTML is blank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try using this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   String toolTipText1= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//table[@class='tiger-stripe']/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/di‌v[@id='div_2_Tip']/p[@class='Tooltip']&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T10:07:48.760" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14593" CreationDate="2015-09-04T13:44:44.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will your plan is right for most of the things, I am listing down only those things which you need to add/update.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add Cache Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Taking care of Timers: Note that timers are processed before each sampler in the scope in which they are found. &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So if you want to delay each user by 30 seconds for All 15 pages, then you should add this Constant Timer at the end/start of Thread Group/Controller and all your HTTP Request of 15 pages should be inside one Controller. It will execute like this &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ckj4O.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ckj4O.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now  second scenario if you want to delay each of the 15 page requests by 30 seconds for each user, then add this Timer as child element of each HTTP Sampler, by this way every user will pause for 30 seconds before clicking on the next page. If each page is in a separate Controller then add Timer as child of the first request inside the Controller. (I think this is what you want to achieve)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pcijr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pcijr.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want hybrid of both scenarios, then using RampUp time will help you &lt;em&gt;(which you have already used)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Timer is for delay between Requests/pages and RampUp is for delay between users.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now the next thing, which I think is missing in your plan as per the requirement is 'Running script for 30 mins.' For this you can either use 'Jmeter Scheduler' or you can use the command &lt;code&gt;'jmeter -Jduration=1800 -n -t /path/to/your/test/plan.jmx'&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;This will let your script to be executed only for 30 mins.&lt;/strong&gt; Duration provided is in seconds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RampUp time which you have used as 1800, this you have used for the purpose of running script for 30 mins., but this is not the intent of RampUp or you can say RampUp is not used for this purpose, this should be used for providing delay among Threads.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perfmon Metrics Listener&lt;/a&gt; this will provide the value of CPU, Memory etc. of the server which is being loaded. For this you will need to install the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/StandardSet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jmeter Plugin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;(on JMeter machine)&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Server Agent&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(on server)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once script is final, Disable or Delete the Tree Listener, as this heavy listener and will slow down JMeter processing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your scripts in non-GUI mode, using the Command Line or the Batch file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-04T14:28:50.090" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T14:28:50.090" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14531" CreationDate="2015-09-04T20:35:08.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how you pass parameters from your testng.xml file into your tests using TestNG.  There are 2 ways you can do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;&#xA;import org.testng.ITestContext;&#xA;&#xA;public class helloWorldTest {&#xA;&#xA;    @Parameters(value=&quot;blah&quot;)&#xA;    @Test       &#xA;    public void testDirectParameters() {&#xA;        System.out.println(blah);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test       &#xA;    public void testIndirectParameters(ITestContext context) {&#xA;        String blahString = context.getCurrentXmlTest().getParameter(&quot;blah&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(blahString);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2015-09-04T20:47:22.010" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T20:47:22.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14484" CreationDate="2015-09-04T20:38:47.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, carefully downgrade your Firefox to version 31 or 31.0.6  and it should work.  Firefox support is sketchy after version 32 or later since native events aren't handled any more.  So, if you use firefox 32 or later, you need to be very careful to avoid native events (such as driver.get or driver.navigate.to) and try to use Javascript wherever possible (or already implied, such as in driver.findElement).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T20:38:47.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14516" CreationDate="2015-09-04T20:43:27.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend something like this.  Sometimes on window change there is no guarantee you have window focus such as when browser is configured to NOT change to new tab when new tabs open:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://somewebsite.com/&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;download&quot;)).click();  &#xA;Sleeper.sleepTight(3000); // new window should have focus at this point&#xA;getLatestWindowFocused(driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a million ways you can do this, but here is an example, and it all depends on what happens to work for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void getLatestWindowFocused(WebDriver driver) &#xA;{&#xA;    String mostRecentWindowHandle;&#xA;    for(String winHandle:driver.getWindowHandles()){&#xA;        mostRecentWindowHandle = winHandle;        &#xA;    }&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(mostRecentWindowHandle);&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    js.executeScript(&quot;window.focus();&quot;);&#xA;    js = null;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2015-09-07T17:20:13.843" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T17:20:13.843" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12495" CreationDate="2015-09-04T20:51:16.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you follow the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thoughtworks.com/radar/languages-and-frameworks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ThoughtWorks radar&lt;/a&gt;, it suggests you use a open source project called &lt;a href=&quot;http://dashing.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dashing.io&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, Jenkins or other CI servers provide some dashboard capabilities such as with &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Dashboard+View&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Dashboard+View&lt;/a&gt;  and with &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Sectioned+View+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Sectioned+View+Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-09-04T20:51:16.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14593" CreationDate="2015-09-05T07:01:59.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What &quot;load&quot; you're talking about? Given request per 30 seconds 15 users will execute 900 requests in 30 minutes - 0.5 request per second. 50 users will execute 3000 requests in 30 minutes - 1.6 requests per second. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your current server is capable of handling this load - you can postpone acquiring a new one for now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to know how many requests per second your server is capable to serve with reasonably low response time - you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ThroughputShapingTimer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Throughput Shaping Timer&lt;/a&gt; (if you need stepping load)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-05T07:01:59.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14581" CreationDate="2015-09-05T07:25:08.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common reasons are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;missing or incorrect mandatory dynamic parameter. In that case you need to identify it, extract from 1st response via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt; and use the extracted value in 2nd request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;missing &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in case of external authentication (Basic HTTP, NTLM or Kerberos) - missing or improperly configured &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Authorization_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Authorization Manager&lt;/a&gt; - see &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/windows-authentication-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows Authentication with Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for more information on how to bypass external authentication challenge with JMeter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-05T07:25:08.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14185" CreationDate="2015-09-07T02:10:58.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the wiki page that you have linked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Boundary value analysis is a software testing technique in which tests&#xA;  are designed to include representatives of boundary values in a range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first step is to understand the above sentence. Do you understand it? If not, which part of the sentence do you not understand?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the sentence, it naturally follows that the first step to performing BVA is to determine the actual boundaries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Day: for some months, the boundaries are 1 to 31, for others, the boundaries are 1 to 30, and for February, the boundaries are either 1 to 28 or 1 to 29 depending on the year. So for BVA you would be testing around values such as 0, 1, 2 for the lower boundary, and 27, 28, 29. 30, 31, 32 for the upper boundary. Since the actual boundaries are related to month and year, it would not be possible to perform &lt;em&gt;correct&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;meaningful&lt;/em&gt; BVA just on the day field alone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Month: 1 to 12 (or 13 if you are on Chinese calendar I guess). Thus you want to test around 0, 1, 2 for the lower boundary and 11, 12, 13 for the upper boundary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13251" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T02:10:58.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14607" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-07T10:19:12.530" Score="1" ViewCount="1606" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we enter text in google search textbox it auto-suggest the options, the objects changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to click the &lt;em&gt;Search&lt;/em&gt; button which was earlier &lt;em&gt;Google Search&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created the &lt;em&gt;Google Search&lt;/em&gt; button with &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; property and &lt;code&gt;btnK&lt;/code&gt; is the value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now as the property changes to &lt;code&gt;btnG&lt;/code&gt;, so how I can retrieve the properties and then use this property value to identify the object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds like dead-end because object changes and so we cannot retrieve it's value. I believe we can use dynamic property here. But I am stuck here! I am using &lt;em&gt;Selenium webdriver with Java&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14323" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-09T12:03:54.683" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T23:47:04.927" Title="Get runtime property for the same element" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14204" CreationDate="2015-09-07T13:47:20.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since comparing different file formats doesn't seems like a straightforward task, and possibly requires some logic, I believe the best answer would be to code it yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There plenty of libraries to make reading and parsing easy in many of the popular (and less popular) programming languages, but anyway csv and text files are the easiest even if you have to start from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-09-07T13:47:20.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14607" CreationDate="2015-09-07T22:17:12.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that in this specific case the name property is dynamic, I would recommend trying an alternative selector that is static instead. For example, using google.com, we can select the button using the code below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[value='Google Search']&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do wish to stick with checking a dynamic value, you can check for part of the name using contains in the css selector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[name*='btn']&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should pull in both the google search button and I'm feeling lucky button. I recommend the approach further above that uses value in the selector because it is more specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13148" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T23:47:04.927" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T23:47:04.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14612" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14632" CreationDate="2015-09-08T04:00:01.693" Score="2" ViewCount="4329" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to put load on website using below scenario :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Users - 15&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Ramp-up time - 900&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Loop count - Forever&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Added Time to each request with 30000 milliseconds [30 seconds]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scheduler :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duration : 600 seconds [10 Minutes]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here plan is to run test for &lt;strong&gt;10 minutes&lt;/strong&gt; with 15 users and wait between 2 requests should be &lt;strong&gt;30 seconds&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But My test is running for 12-15 minutes , Why? Not sure.. Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T04:47:56.697" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T09:31:12.003" Title="My Load test is not stopping after specific time" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10018" CreationDate="2015-09-08T06:35:21.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should have &lt;code&gt;.apk&lt;/code&gt; file with you and provide path in file path for mac&lt;code&gt;(/filename.apk)&lt;/code&gt; on windows&lt;code&gt;(\\filename.apk)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String apkpath=&quot;/Users/fidel/Downloads/Test.apk&quot;;&#xA;File app=new File(apkpath);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then set the below capability&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, app.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect device and pair your system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Appium (you can see log on Appium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-13T15:54:08.330" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T15:54:08.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2811" CreationDate="2015-09-08T06:55:17.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think, I rushed and just added code. Tested Ok below code with Selenium 2.4, python 2.7 Linux OS: mint17 Debian base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# for fresh FF profile&#xA;#profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile() &#xA;profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile(&quot;./firefox_profiles/selenium&quot;)&#xA;profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile(profile_path)&#xA;driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://whatismyip.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel, it's good idea to have absolute path. In fact, put it in conf file so you can use it for various deployment instances and OSes.&#xA;Relative path have to start from location where you have selenium .py file. It should work in same way on Windows. NOT tested on windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14335" LastEditorUserId="14335" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T08:16:06.440" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T08:16:06.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14617" CreationDate="2015-09-08T06:57:47.190" Score="1" ViewCount="1057" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a skype type of application and I want to check the packet loss for that application. Can anyone suggest me the best tool for the same.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14336" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T14:46:04.360" Title="Best tool to check the packet loss for an IOS app?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14616" CreationDate="2015-09-08T07:39:29.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well it depends, and to get the best answer you will have to decide where and how do you want to look at packets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best place to look for packet loss is the application itself since packets can get lost inside the application or on their war from the OS network stack to the application. Skype for example shows some of this information in the &quot;Call Technical Info&quot; windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You an look further up the pipeline, but this will require the packets to have a sequence number or time stamps (or both) otherwise you will not be able to identify the loss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jailbroken IOS devices can run a sniffer program on the device, or alternatively you can listen on an atached wi-fi, or use &quot;Remote Virtual Interface&quot; to listen on a USB tethered PC.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T07:39:29.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14185" CreationDate="2015-09-08T09:19:24.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the example of testing date field with the &lt;strong&gt;Boundary Value Analysis&lt;/strong&gt; technique might be too broad to explain. Apart from the correct and incorrect date boundary. I would like to ask you to add your &lt;strong&gt;Test requirement&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Test objective&lt;/strong&gt; to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given an example situation; I'm testing the show booking web application which one of the requirement is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If user makes a booking for show date between 5th - 10th of every month, they will get 10% discount.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When apply &lt;strong&gt;Boundary Value Analysis&lt;/strong&gt; for this testing, we interest in the boundary value for each partition of input to make sure the functionality is correct.&#xA;Therefore the date 4th, 5th, 10th and 11th should be considered to be tested. and the result should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show that book on the 4th  =&gt; no discount&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show that book on the 5th  =&gt; 10% discount&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show that book on the 10th =&gt; 10% discount&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show that book on the 11th =&gt; no discount&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find that we have no need to test all possible of input to make sure the functionality is correct. We use this technique to reduce number of test case but still remain the same level of confident when test the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We usually use the &lt;strong&gt;Boundary Value Analysis&lt;/strong&gt; technique with another technique called &lt;strong&gt;Equivalence Partitioning&lt;/strong&gt; to choose effective input in range to be tested. Please check it out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T09:19:24.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14620" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14638" CreationDate="2015-09-08T10:41:06.630" Score="3" ViewCount="1282" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing load testing using Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have hosted IIS server on &lt;strong&gt;Machine X&lt;/strong&gt; and one website is running using same server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am putting load on website with 30 users for 30 minutes , during load testing run when I access server and check CPU graph and memory usage , it does not have any effect which feels like load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any my mistake here? not sure what is happening!! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything runs properly and Jmeter generating reports also. But I just want to verify that is there any my mistake here? Because at least there should be some up-down in server pc CPU graph and memory usage during load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T09:16:02.940" Title="Server has no effect in CPU graph , memory usage etc during load testing" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14621" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-08T11:20:24.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions related to testing of desktop-applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T09:09:57.293" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T09:09:57.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14622" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-08T11:20:24.527" Score="0" Body="Questions related to testing of desktop-applications" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T09:09:51.253" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T09:09:51.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-08T12:55:25.793" Score="4" ViewCount="5821" Body="&lt;p&gt;For instance , Exploratory testing can be labeled as a Test 'approach' and not a test technique like Boundary Value Analysis(BVA), Equivalence partitioning etc. Also, Context-driven testing is an approach, not a technique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the basic differences between software testing approach and a technique? How can they be compared? Also what's a Testing style?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13267" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T11:37:08.050" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T12:36:50.063" Title="Difference between Test Approach and Test Technique?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14625" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-08T13:34:56.920" Score="5" ViewCount="5946" Body="&lt;p&gt;C: Create &lt;br&gt;&#xA;R: Retrieve&lt;br&gt;&#xA;U: Update&lt;br&gt;&#xA;D: Delete &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can a tester verify that CRUD operations are working fine in Web App/Database testing? Please explain with real examples!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13267" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-26T11:37:58.403" LastActivityDate="2020-03-26T11:37:58.403" Title="How to test CRUD operations in Database Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14625" CreationDate="2015-09-08T14:17:32.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CRUD&lt;/strong&gt; stands for Create, Read, Update and Delete. &lt;em&gt;(Retrieve may occasionally be substituted for Read.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different users may have different &lt;strong&gt;CRUD&lt;/strong&gt; cycles based upon the requirements of the system. A customer, for instance, might have the ability to create an account, retrieve it upon return to a website, update billing information, or delete it if necessary. An operations manager, by contrast, might create product records, (Read) call them up as needed, (Update) modify packaging or raw materials details or delete it if the product was discontinued.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Live Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should test such operations from both Front-end (User Interface) and Backend (Database queries) e.g. you have a web application where you as an Admin create users and maintain their data. So,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login to application as the Admin user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the Create user page, enter all necessary information for creating user like Firstname, Lastname, Email ID, User name, Phone no. etc. -- &lt;strong&gt;This is the create operation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hit the save button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now, go back to the user list and search for that user record and open its detail page, verify all the information is as it has been entered by you -- &lt;strong&gt;This is the Retrieve operation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Database, fire a query on the User table and search for your created record, verify all the values are as it has been entered by you on the UI, also they are in the same field column where they should be e.g. sometimes Last name on UI is wrongly mapped with First name in DB, so you should verify these things too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From the UI, edit that user record and update the Email ID or any other preferences. Save the changes and again verify the changes on UI and DB too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now, Update the value directly from the DB for any field of the user record, and see that change should be reflected on the UI too &lt;em&gt;(be sure that all referenced tables are also updated by you if there is no such trigger to update reference tables)&lt;/em&gt; --- &lt;strong&gt;This is the Update Operation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete the record from the UI and verify that it should no more be visible on the User List and it should not be in the DB too, &lt;strong&gt;but here you need to validate the data according to the Business requirements&lt;/strong&gt; e.g. you client says on Delete user data should be there in DB but it should be &lt;strong&gt;Inactive&lt;/strong&gt; (like Active = 0, for the deleted user). Then you need to verify it accordingly that data exists in DB with Active = 0 and it should not be shown over the UI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete the User record from the DB directly (as per Business requirements) and see the changes are reflected on UI or not. Here double-check your query which you are going to execute, else you have delete whole table or multiple users or their data might get corrupted. So, always verify you delete commands before executing them. Now, when deleting from the DB directly, delete from the referenced tables, else data will be corrupted and there can be some errors shown over the UI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the formats of the data being stored in Database e.g. Date format, Time Format (if your application supports multiple time zone then it should be verified for different time zones). Validate where your application saves NULL and where it saves '   ' (i.e. Blank). This NULL and Blank sometimes seems to be same but during retrieve it may cause issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the next level, you can create your own &lt;strong&gt;Stored Procedures&lt;/strong&gt; (SP) for verifying these &lt;strong&gt;CRUD&lt;/strong&gt; operations, once you know about the queries and tables being used, you can create these SP where on firing the Delete SP, it will itself verify the main and referenced tables and provide you with the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the DB testing, you need to read about the &lt;strong&gt;queries&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;syntax&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;keywords&lt;/strong&gt; required for creating and executing queries. Syntax of different DB differs from each other in one or more respect, so you should first read about the DB on which you want to perform the DB testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:12:04.067" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:12:04.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14624" CreationDate="2015-09-08T14:39:31.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;Test Approach&lt;/strong&gt; is the test strategy implementation of a project, defines how testing would be carried out. It is always followed by Test Techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Techniques&lt;/strong&gt; are the ways or methods required to follow the defined approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In laymen terms:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say you are in a war and your aim is to win that war (like every individual). Now, you will define an Approach to win that war e.g. create small circle, surrounding the enemies and destroy everyone inside that circle and move ahead &lt;strong&gt;(This is the approach)&lt;/strong&gt;. For achieving this Approach you will implement methods like First threw bombs inside that circle and then start firing the remaining enemies inside that circle &lt;strong&gt;(This is the technique)&lt;/strong&gt;. Here you have two methods two fulfill your approach (Bombing and Firing). This is the difference in Approach (Way of viewing/testing) and Technique (How to view/test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Another example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/answer/Testing-methodologies-testing-strategies-and-testing-types&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;In soccer/football&lt;/a&gt;, teams use &lt;strong&gt;Approaches&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Techniques&lt;/strong&gt;. Some approach include double-teaming the opponent's most aggressive player, choosing a more defense-oriented lineup or keeping the game pace slow with a team known for rapid strikes. Techniques frequently define how this approach are implemented. For instance, having two mid-fielders, with one being more defense-minded. Continuously pushing the ball to the outside and leveraging short passes in the classic triangle is a technique for implementing a slower approach to the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both testing Approach and Techniques are totally different terms intended for a different purpose. For the style I will say it is more closely related to the technique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T14:55:26.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9600" CreationDate="2015-09-08T15:53:52.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that the driver.get()  (and the driver.navigate().to()) methods both use native events to navigate the browser.  Firefox native events are supported only for up to version 31.0.6 of Firefox.  If your using a later version of Firefox portable (v32+), it's not going to work that easily.  That is the reason that you see the browser open and your .get call fails.   So, all you need to do is create your own navigate method that navigates with Javascript instead of using the Selenium native event. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void nonNativeNavigateBrowser(WebDriver driver, URL url)&#xA;{&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js;&#xA;    if (driver instanceof JavascriptExecutor) {&#xA;        js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;    js.executeScript(&quot;window.location.href('&quot; + url.toExternalForm() + &quot;');&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T15:53:52.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14633" CreationDate="2015-09-08T17:34:22.117" Score="1" ViewCount="2345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to navigate on a web browser that has multiple iframes that are all tagged with the id of &quot;InlineDialog_Iframe&quot;. When I try to switch to the window I get a stale reference exception, which makes sense because the element that was used before was removed from the page. The HTML gives only a src as an alternate element reference but using this line of code doesn't effectively switch the frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement popUpQuery = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//iframe[contains(@id, 'InlineDialog_Iframe')and contains (@src, '/AdvancedFind/QueryProperties.aspx?dType=1&amp;amp;feature=dashboard')]&quot;));&#xA;        driver.SwitchTo().Frame(popUpQuery);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can I do to recognize this iframe element? and what is the best practice for a naming these?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T17:44:38.947" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T14:46:56.243" Title="Handling multiple Iframes with same name" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14631" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14708" CreationDate="2015-09-08T18:34:02.533" Score="2" ViewCount="1136" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an automation method, via Selenium with Java, that can verify if a carousel rotates after clicking it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I highlighted the Right arrow as Red box which should rotate after clicking it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RDMfu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RDMfu.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T11:04:26.023" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T17:02:00.320" Title="Verifying a Caraousel should rotate after clicking - Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14612" CreationDate="2015-09-08T18:41:06.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;See, JMeter has two ways of stopping the test which is being executed:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stop&lt;/strong&gt;: This command is used to stop the JMeter and its execution immediately, &lt;strong&gt;in this threads are killed&lt;/strong&gt;. You will find &lt;strong&gt;Stoptest.bat/ Stoptest.sh&lt;/strong&gt; files inside bin directory of JMeter. If you fire this file manually then too your test will stop abruptly. Stopping test in this way may corrupt your JTL file, as the end tag may be missing in the JTL file which will throw an error while opening it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shutdown&lt;/strong&gt;: This means stop  gradually - threads exit at next opportunity, i.e. when current samplers have finished their process. &lt;strong&gt;Shutdown.bat/Shutdown.sh&lt;/strong&gt; files inside the bin directory are used for this purpose. This command will not harm your script and results file, but it will let the JMeter wait and finish for the last request sent by it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now, coming to your issue&lt;/strong&gt;, when using duration or JMeter scheduler; it uses the Shutdown command i.e. when your script duration &lt;em&gt;(which is 10 mins.)&lt;/em&gt; is over Shutdown will be fired by JMeter on its own to tell JMeter to exit test but in a orderly/polite manner, that's why some additional time to gracefully shut down all the test threads is taken by JMeter in this case, increasing your overall execution time. &lt;strong&gt;But once your script duration is over no new request will be fired, only completion of already fired requests will be there.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want this graceful stopping of the test as this increases the total time of your script, then you should use the Stop command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-08T18:57:52.413" LastActivityDate="2015-09-08T18:57:52.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14630" CreationDate="2015-09-08T19:06:33.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not just place all the frame handles the driver currently has into a list then you will have all the window handles into a list and can target each individual one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or use the findElement&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; method, &lt;strong&gt;plural&lt;/strong&gt;, since they all have the same id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void navigateThroughMultipleIframes() {&#xA;    String parentWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    for (String currentWindow : handles) {&#xA;        driver.switchTo().frame(currentWindow);            &#xA;    } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this, the Set handles holds all the frames the driver currently is holding and then switches to the very last iframe. You can manipulate however you want by modifying the code to go to the specific iframe you want in the Set named handles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void l() {&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; iframes = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;id=InlineDialog_Iframe&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this since all your iframes have the same id then the list named iframes holds all the iframes that has that unique id. It is sorted by which the driver finds first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="12793" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T14:46:56.243" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T14:46:56.243" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14634" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14639" CreationDate="2015-09-08T20:46:56.420" Score="1" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a long form ~22 fields with no client side validation, and it gives an error message which just reads &quot;Error&quot;, after i hit the submit button? how can i go about testing it? any suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14352" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T14:44:48.370" Title="Test a Form with no client side validation" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2015-09-23T23:09:03.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3713" CreationDate="2015-09-09T00:18:59.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;SAHI is a web browser automation tool, so I'll focus on that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently tested about 10 professional applications. They pretty much fundamentally do the exact same thing when it comes to web automation. They have different features and different ways to do thing. Most insist on going straight to some kind of GUI or fancy layout for the test. When converting it to a more useful script it becomes rather complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sahi cuts the crap and focuses on a simple scripting even non-programs can easily read what is going on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of other application contains other features not need for web automation. So unless you need them I would not bother with them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During testing some professional applications costing way more then Sahi where not very stable, they would just randomly stop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some applications do have more features like a small screen shot of every step taken etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14357" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T00:18:59.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14624" CreationDate="2015-09-09T07:17:55.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to ISTQB (v2.3) &quot;Standard glossary of terms used in Software Testing&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test approach:&lt;/strong&gt; The implementation of the test strategy for a specific project. It typically includes the decisions made that follow&#xA;  based on the (test) project’s goal and the risk ATM assessment carried&#xA;  out, starting points regarding the test process, &lt;strong&gt;the test design&#xA;  techniques&lt;/strong&gt; to be applied, exit criteria and test types to be&#xA;  performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test technique (Test design technique):&lt;/strong&gt; Procedure used to derive and/or select test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the difference: approach is more project based and technique is more fundamental term, we define test techniques to be used in our test approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: Test approach is about project's scope, objectives, test types and tools, also about applied test techniques: structure-based, specification-based, people-based, coverage-based, problems-based, activity-based, evaluation-based whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;strong&gt;Exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt; is a test design technique as well as Boundary value analysis (BVA), Structure-based testing (context-based, less used term).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T12:36:50.063" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T12:36:50.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14620" CreationDate="2015-09-09T08:08:41.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;check access logs on the tested server. You can see (and count) all incoming requests there. 30 users does not sound as much of a load but it really depends on how many requests they generate and on the nature of the tested application (simple static web vs. complex business logic). Do you have any pauses between requests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12960" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T08:08:41.380" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14634" CreationDate="2015-09-09T09:10:15.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To begin with, if there is no validation on client side at all, you need to have a proper error message why it is failing. So report it as a bug or improvement.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Meanwhile, you can check the log files in the server with the hope that there is any useful info there explaining what is the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2015-09-09T09:34:31.720" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T09:34:31.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14546" CreationDate="2015-09-09T10:26:30.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A quick fix would be to unite both Test methods into one that has the full user session life-cycle from login to logout with all related tests. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    // remove @AfterTest annotation&#xA;    public void logOff()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(&quot;https://website.com/Account/LogOff&quot;);&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='logoffstatus']&quot;)).click()&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(priority = 1,dataProvider = &quot;testData&quot;)&#xA;    public void loginConsumerPortal(String username, String password)&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Logging in...&quot;);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://website.com/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_username&quot;)).clear();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_username&quot;)).sendKeys(username);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_password&quot;)).sendKeys(password);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;button&quot;)).submit();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Submitted&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Checking if successfull login&quot;);&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Dashboard&quot;, driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='ConsumerDashboard-cnt_int']/h4&quot;)).getText());&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&#xA;        // Run other checks&#xA;&#xA;        logOff();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, however, your aim is to run tests while both users are logged in, you would need to use separate windows (not just separate tabs) of Firefox, as the same profile is shared by all Firefox tabs (this includes session cookies). It is possible, but the performance trade-off for starting up multiple Firefox processes is considerable (this would add to test execution time), so I would not recommend it unless it is really necessary.&#xA;Also, the test structure would need adjustments, as for parallel tests you would need to separate actions, intended for each window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T10:26:30.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14634" CreationDate="2015-09-09T10:26:41.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Report that it is unusable as user is not given relevant information. This is a serious bug, especially if it is an important form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to say something more in it's current state, ask for specification on what should be valid values or value combinations for each field. Then test border cases of each field separately and maybe some random other combinations for a good measure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T10:26:41.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6019" CreationDate="2015-09-09T10:50:03.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that you need coordinates for the event, which are not filled by fireEvent.&#xA;Maybe clickAt might work for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAt&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=area[alt=&amp;amp;quot;frontTrunk&amp;amp;quot;]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;1,1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T10:50:03.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-09T12:24:55.237" Score="1" ViewCount="525" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Mac Yosemite 10.10.3 and Eclipse Kepler (4.3). I installed latest TestNG from the official site &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testng.org&lt;/a&gt; and added it successfully from Help menu but TestNG option is not showing under run as or under properties of the project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to set the path of it or what else I can do to get this done?&#xA;Please help.&#xA;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:24:58.140" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:24:58.140" Title="Unable to run as TestNG in Eclipse Kepler or Luna on Mac machine" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1355" CreationDate="2015-09-09T12:58:38.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the latest rewritten version (1.0.1) of facebook/php-webdriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$optionCssSelector = WebDriverBy::cssSelector(&quot;#order_images_row_wrapper .order-wrapper .merge-image-select option[value='2']&quot;);&#xA;$this-&amp;gt;driver-&amp;gt;findElements($optionCssSelector)[0]-&amp;gt;click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14363" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T12:58:38.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14620" CreationDate="2015-09-09T14:27:58.827" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For your issue about the &lt;strong&gt;CPU&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Memory&lt;/strong&gt; usage graph, I will recommend you to use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/StandardSet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter plugin&lt;/a&gt; and use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Perfmon Metrics Collector&lt;/a&gt; listener of this plugin in your scripts. Also, you will need to place and start a file &lt;strong&gt;StartAgent.bat&lt;/strong&gt; (StartAgent.sh for Linux systems) on the server and open the port &lt;strong&gt;4444&lt;/strong&gt; on your server. Once this all is done, JMeter will capture the &lt;strong&gt;CPU, Memory, Disk I/O&lt;/strong&gt; etc. &lt;em&gt;(what all metrics you want)&lt;/em&gt; of the server and will plot the graph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This plugin is recommended for capturing server resource utilization, when using JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, regarding the up-down of the graph, if your application is heavy enough to shoot up the CPU and Memory of the server even for 10 users, then these graphs will show you the required up-downs, still to be double sure check the graphs once by increasing the load to 20, 30 etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For verifying all requests are hitting the server or not there are multiple ways:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are using IIS, then check the IIS logs for the requests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application includes any kind of Add, Update or Delete functionalities, then hit back to the Database to see if respective table/column values are getting updated or not e.g. for Add operation one new row for each user/thread should be added to the table, so if you have 30 users in script and each user is creating some data then at the end of the script your record count should get increased by 30.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application includes any kind of Login, then check the Login history or DB table which maintain the login history of the user.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Assertions in your script to validate the response provided by script is as expected or not, if requests are not hitting the correct URL or server then your assertion will fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify your results in the Tree listener, this will show you the complete HTML of the request response being rendered, from there you will get an idea while your script is actually hitting the correct server or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T14:27:58.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14634" CreationDate="2015-09-09T14:44:48.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the application under test is a web based (unfortunatelly the question is not exact enough), you can get detailed error message from the browsers. Firefox or Chrome can give you a lot info trough developer tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Chrome: Press Ctrl+Shif+I or F12, from Context &#xA;more info here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Firefox: Press F12 or use Firebug Plugin, from context Inspect Element&#xA;more info here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Page_Inspector&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Page_Inspector&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interresting parts to get more details about the error are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network folder - each request is here with its response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Console folder - it is javascript console, some frontend errors does not do any network request/response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cookies folder - sometimes cookie contains important information about transaction/s&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T14:44:48.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14631" CreationDate="2015-09-09T15:34:37.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would verify that when the element is clicked, that the other elements change. So specifically look at the &lt;strong&gt;text&lt;/strong&gt; that is being changed on the page. Something like this would work for a verification:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.IsTrue(driver.PageSource.Contains(&quot;*Expected text*&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this is C# code that I use for some quick validations, and something with more complexity can also be written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-09-09T15:34:37.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14648" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14662" CreationDate="2015-09-09T23:47:19.567" Score="5" ViewCount="10036" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a satisfactory test plan, that I have been using to test with from single load generation server to our application server which reads data from a CSV file. I have been been asked to setup and start testing with a distributed system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I setup JMeter in a Master - Slave configuration, and it successfully starts the remote system and starts execution. The problem that I am having is JMeter not able to find the data file on the remote server or that it can't read it in. I have seen similar issues before, but it was corrected by cleaning up some formatting issues.  If I run the remote server in standalone mode, it reads the file and executes the test just fine. Does anybody have any suggestions or thoughts on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8829" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T19:12:15.997" LastActivityDate="2020-03-03T05:36:03.167" Title="Issue with Reading CSV file when doing Distributed testing in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1181" CreationDate="2015-09-10T00:00:48.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try using the following command: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;send_keys(driver.find_element_by_css_selector('#select_something'), value)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, you need to redefine send_keys as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;def send_keys(element, keys):&#xA;  for key in keys:&#xA;    element.send_keys(key)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sending keys one by one is more reliable and less buggy. Syntax is in python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14367" LastEditorUserId="14367" LastEditDate="2015-09-10T22:17:44.053" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T22:17:44.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14353" CreationDate="2015-09-10T00:12:23.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using SOAPUI for functional testing of Rest API Calls. We are using the free version of it, and have created scripts to make it data driven reading information from excel spreadsheets and generating it's own reports. We probably have a 1,000 or more test cases for one project and another project with several thousand test cases. &#xA;I would recommend staying away from JMeter for Functional testing, it is not really designed for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8829" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T00:12:23.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14564" CreationDate="2015-09-10T05:55:20.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other thing that many companies neglect in Agile, Extreme and even Waterfall working is that you need to have a test section on board as well and while the developers are working to fulfill a given story point, feature or requirement the test team should be developing the tests, &lt;em&gt;(in extreme these need to be developed &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; the developers start),&lt;/em&gt; and that in some industries the test team actually needs to be bigger than the development team.  That said it is usually a good practice to rotate at least some of the development staff into testing this gives them insight into writing testable code and a break from coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the agile model while the development sprint is addressing developing a given user story for development, &lt;em&gt;(it can't change then otherwise it can't be developed),&lt;/em&gt; the test team should also be developing the tests, and agreeing with the product owner that the tests demonstrate that the story can be closed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the scope of a user story is vast then it is likely a spike so will need to go through a sprint to define it first after which it should be more testable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T05:55:20.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23370" CreationDate="2015-09-10T06:24:44.870" Score="6" ViewCount="29146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was testing web services manually using Postman or REST client. I want to automate testing here. I use REST with JSON format. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Questions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to use target URL ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to pass header values? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to pass payload ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also please provide examples with code, as it will help me a lot . Thanks in advance.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14369" LastEditorUserId="28987" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T20:25:01.447" LastActivityDate="2018-07-06T06:42:28.260" Title="Suggest me the best way to automate REST web services with JSON using Java" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;rest&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13403" CreationDate="2015-09-10T06:29:08.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ALM provides an option to restrict access wherein you can give members only view access this disables copy &amp;amp; cut functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T06:29:08.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14582" CreationDate="2015-09-10T06:56:43.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even i feel external documentation is a burden, better way will be distributing page elements meaningfully in into different smaller classes with comments and apt names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T06:56:43.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14332" CreationDate="2015-09-10T06:59:50.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well it depends on your project, if devices are readily available that's the best way to test. I have found many a times issues found on real devices aren't reproducible on emulators. So, the best bet will be to test on actual device and certify quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T06:59:50.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14656" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-10T08:55:08.913" Score="0" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently debating what constitutes a bug and a story. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is no evidence for expected behavior then, Are all perceived issues are bug?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a change is made in a story that wasn't detailed in the criteria of the case, is that a bug?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is any additional change not specified in a case a story? Even if it seems like a bug. e.g. is so obviously wrong that the oversight in the case should have been spotted.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How far should you go with this train of thoughts? It feels overly pedantic but I'm trying to weigh up the benefits of being more rigid with the propositions above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5422" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T00:28:44.117" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T00:28:44.117" Title="When is a bug a story and a story a bug" Tags="&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14652" CreationDate="2015-09-10T09:53:29.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many possible ways to automate 'API Calls', The best automation tools would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for functional tests and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/vlucas/frisby&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;frisby.js&lt;/a&gt; for testing API endpoints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;frisby.js is a REST API testing framework built on node.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The '&lt;strong&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/strong&gt;' application, is an open source software, a 100% pure 'Java application' designed to load test functional behavior and measure performance. It was originally designed for testing Web Applications but has since expanded to other test functions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, JMeter API's can be used in &lt;strong&gt;java program&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is a JMeter API Documentation for more information on JMeter API, Also Please refer to this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19147235/how-to-create-and-run-apache-jmeter-test-scripts-from-a-java-program&quot;&gt;thread&lt;/a&gt;, to understand how to run an entire test plan programmatically from or within a Java program. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be best to create a test plan .JMX file using JMeter GUI and run it in JMeter 'non-GUI' mode.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For creating a test plan in JMeter GUI. you could find more information in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2546/where-can-i-find-good-jmeter-tutorials&quot;&gt;thread&lt;/a&gt;.  Well this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/learn-jmeter-performance-testing-jmeter-tutorial-series/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; was very helpful to me for learning to create 'JMeter scripts'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a basic understanding of javascript, you can try 'frisby.js' referring to this &lt;a href=&quot;http://ian_lin.gitbooks.io/javascript-testing/content/chapter4.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt;. I believe both these tools are perfect for API coverage.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12699" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T14:56:14.993" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-10T10:19:12.040" Score="0" ViewCount="1469" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to modify content value of Example table of Scenario of JBehave story file through a Step-file (Java-method) will it be possible ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;strong&gt;Story file&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario :Modifying_Example_Table&#xA;&#xA;Given Previous values of example_table_row &amp;lt;Product_Sold&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Given Change the status of Product_Sold by Java method    &#xA;&#xA;Given Print both previous and current status of Product_Sold&#xA;&#xA;Examples:&#xA;&#xA;|Product_Sold |&#xA;&#xA;|&quot;No&quot;|&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So can we update the value of Column Product_Sold by the step&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Given Change the status of Product_Sold by Java method&quot; &#xA;as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;|Product_Sold |&#xA;&#xA;|&quot;Yes&quot;| &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;!--value of Product_Sold changed from &lt;strong&gt;&quot;No&quot; to &quot;Yes&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; that I want by some code inside Step file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step File&lt;/strong&gt; : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Given(Change the status of Product_Sold by Java method )&#xA;public void SomeJavaMethod()&#xA;{&#xA;//Some ExampleTable code to modify the value of  tabular parameter &quot;Product_Sold&quot;    &#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so what should be the code  inside above method in step file ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14373" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T12:30:48.770" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T08:22:15.390" Title="How to modify/update content of tabular parameter in JBehave example table" Tags="&lt;jbehave&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14660" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-10T13:44:28.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions related to evaluation of the application's compatibility with the computing environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-10T23:09:38.640" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T23:09:38.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14661" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-10T13:44:28.757" Score="0" Body="Questions related to evaluation of the application's compatibility with the computing environment." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-10T23:09:07.937" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T23:09:07.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14648" CreationDate="2015-09-10T14:15:08.603" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to resolve this issue is to place the &lt;strong&gt;CSV&lt;/strong&gt; file on all servers &lt;strong&gt;(Master and Slaves)&lt;/strong&gt; inside the &lt;strong&gt;Bin&lt;/strong&gt; directory of JMeter and &lt;strong&gt;don't specify any path for the CSV file&lt;/strong&gt; inside the your JMeter test plan i.e. don't use C:\Data\Files\abc.csv in your test plan, &lt;strong&gt;use only abc.csv&lt;/strong&gt; (and place this file in Bin directory). Also, it will be good to keep the test plan too in the Bin directory of the Master system JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you want to use the relative path like C:\Data\abc.csv, then make sure that this location exists on all the Slave systems and CSV file is present there at this location on all Slave systems. This thing may not work if your slave systems have different OS, like one slave is using Windows and another is Linux, then you should go with the first method which is the simplest and easiest one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T14:15:08.603" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9807" CreationDate="2015-09-10T17:06:23.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Handling pop-up is a better approach then disabling them, but in case of advertisement pop-up it is fine to disable them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To completely disable the pop-up, go to &lt;strong&gt;Tools &gt; Options &gt; Content&lt;/strong&gt; and check the option for &lt;strong&gt;Block pop-up windows&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14376" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-11T13:29:52.343" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T13:29:52.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14656" CreationDate="2015-09-10T18:11:08.527" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In short:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/user-story&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;user story&lt;/a&gt; describes desired behaviour of the system focussing on results and written in plain understandable language. More formally: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A user story is a tool used in Agile software development to capture a description of a software feature from an end-user perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_bug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bug&lt;/a&gt; is something wrong in the system. Either a violation of requirements or something that will bother a user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A software bug is an error, flaw, failure, or fault in a computer program or system that causes it to produce an incorrect or unexpected result, or to behave in unintended ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;That being said,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If there is no evidence for expected behaviour then are all perceived issues a bug?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means you need to talk to the developer and/or use common sense,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If a change is made in a story that wasn't detailed in the criteria of the case, is that a bug?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you have an problem with procedure that does not necessarily means a bug is caused,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Is any additional change not specified in a case a story? Even if it seems like a bug. e.g. is so obviously wrong that the oversight in the case should have been spotted.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be the other way around, a use case should hold more detail than a story. There may not be a neat mapping between them anyway of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is always difficult to stay focused as a team while changes sweep through the already worked on features. That is why no such changes should be allowed during sprints. The above suggests that some mix-ups got in as there seem to be mismatching versions and/or discrepancies in the work to be done. Time for some Backlog Grooming?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2015-09-10T18:11:08.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14668" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-11T07:41:43.013" Score="2" ViewCount="244" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a manual tester.I need to learn automation because my company has mobile application projects in pipeline process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So please suggest which tool should I learn ? Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-11T10:01:19.187" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T14:14:23.690" Title="Which automation tool should be learn for mobile devices?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-09-17T05:16:27.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14244" CreationDate="2015-09-11T07:56:08.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How much are you willing to invest ?&#xA;The simplest and most common way I have used is running a system at medium to high load continuously for weeks or months. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the high end I can imagine an over clocked system running x N faster so you can squeeze years into weeks or months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a way to partially work around the problem and use mock instead of the slower parts of the system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T07:56:08.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14668" CreationDate="2015-09-11T09:30:32.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is very broad and is one of those question which is bound to get biased replies based on User's opinions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you say, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So please suggest which tool should I learn&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no definitive, clear-cut answer, until we understand the projects that are in pipeline are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, on the top of my head, I can name quite a few mobile automation tools here :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://calaba.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Calaba.sh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robotiumtech/robotium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robotium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Monkeytalk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a link of such tools, which I compiled in my blog few months ago :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://qatechnicals.wordpress.com/testing-tools/best-mobile-automation-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://qatechnicals.wordpress.com/testing-tools/best-mobile-automation-tools/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T09:30:32.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14668" CreationDate="2015-09-11T11:17:15.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am working as a manual tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I understand correctly the term &quot;manual tester&quot; then the first and most important  thing to learn is programming- a language but also concepts and principles, the language and environment are not that important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T11:17:15.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14624" CreationDate="2015-09-11T11:22:25.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Approach is basically the entire prerequisites required for testing a module. It is a strategy used to fulfil all the testing demands of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Technique is basically the steps or method followed to successfully test a module/project. There are various type of test technique such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Cause effect graphing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Equivalence partitioning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Boundary value analysis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.Error guessing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.Decision Tables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing Style is the methodology you follow or believe in for testing. Either manual or Automated! It is more or less related to testing technique. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14391" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T11:22:25.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14648" CreationDate="2015-09-11T13:36:08.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy CSV files to the same location on all the slave machines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use forward slashes - &lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt; as file separators no matter of operating system:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Linux/Unix/MacOSX &lt;code&gt;/folder/anotherfolder/file.csv&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows: &lt;code&gt;C:/folder/anotherfolder/file.csv&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not use JMeter Variables in CSV file path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1740850-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using CSV DATA SET CONFIG&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details on using dynamic data in JMeter tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T13:36:08.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13090" CreationDate="2015-09-11T14:13:13.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So this is somewhat of an answer, but may not be one that works for you depending on your circumstances. X-Path seems like a good idea when you need to find something, but I have found in my situations (automating a web application) they are very brittle and when something on the page changes, the X-Path is normally broken. My recommendation is going back to a dev on the project and having them add some sort of unique identifier like an ID. I am not too familiar with mobile development but I'm sure there is some kind of unique identifier that could be put on that field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6053" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T14:13:13.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14332" CreationDate="2015-09-11T17:43:15.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As other users have said you should do it on both. It comes down to what your needs are and $$. Getting real devices to cover the entire spectrum is expensive, often unrealistic endeavor for a small company and is just not practical for testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your lab should be a combination of both solutions. Cloud services can get expensive if you rely on them too much. Services like Testdroid provide a great array of devices but depending on your subscription plan and the length of the tests you run and how often, your bill can grow pretty quickly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Emulators can only get you so far since you'd want to test some type of integration with your app or site and although close at times, emulators are not the real thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome has a very decent solution on the developer console, good for checking layout and rendering. Genymotion is another tool for Android that does the job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real devices are great for business rules and exploratory testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, the demographic of your user base will determine how much freedom and risks you can take while developing your mobile solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14397" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T17:43:15.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-11T17:52:11.980" Score="0" ViewCount="3323" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently stuck at a place while writing a script for clicking a link on a page using VB Script in QTP.&#xA;Please guide how to achieve this. Any help will be highly appreciated. I am stuck here and cannot proceed further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12964" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T21:47:50.493" Title="script for clicking link in QTP/UFT" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14656" CreationDate="2015-09-11T18:01:19.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with Bookeater.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bug is anything that affects the value of the product. This can be an error, poor performance, a security breach, poor user experience or even poor execution of a feature. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A story is a short description of a behavior. Explained by the business in a language and format that can be understood by developers and business people alike. It is not meant to contain a lot of details since its purpose is not to describe the implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any misses stating the desired behavior, implementation and execution of the feature will qualify as a bug as long as it affects the value of the product. I state the value of the product because if a new design is rolled out for a site and the font face was not specified, but the type used does not affect the site. Users can read all the information they need and information seems to display fine, then this would not be a bug even though is something that wasn't specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a story changes enough that the initial request is buried under new variables then that should be considered a new story and worked on around that basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14397" LastActivityDate="2015-09-11T18:01:19.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14678" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14679" CreationDate="2015-09-11T18:34:17.473" Score="4" ViewCount="20838" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the Java Selenium WebDriver implementation. I'm searching for a string literal in an  tag which has a  tag in the middle, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h4&amp;gt;Some regular text &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;followed by strong text&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; followed by regular text&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm able to create an xpath selector for the first 2/3 (i.e., through the end of the strong tag), but not for the rest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//h4[contains(text(),'Some regular text ')]&quot; +&#xA;            &quot;/descendant::strong[contains(text(), 'followed by strong text')]&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I cannot finish the xpath path selector. Perhaps matching the first two-thirds is sufficient, but I wanted to find out for my own edification / completeness. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14399" LastEditorUserId="13168" LastEditDate="2015-09-11T19:54:38.737" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T15:44:28.470" Title="Using xpath to confirm &lt;h4&gt; text with a &lt;strong tag&gt; in the middle" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14678" CreationDate="2015-09-11T19:06:20.647" Score="4" Body="&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;//h4[contains(text(),'Some regular text ')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are starting correct, though the first part, &lt;code&gt;//h4[contains(text(),'Some regular text ')]&lt;/code&gt;, looks for any &lt;code&gt;h4&lt;/code&gt; at any depth, with among its immediate children a text node containing &lt;code&gt;Some regular text&lt;/code&gt;. Meaning, if that text appears &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt; element, it will also match the &lt;code&gt;h4&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;/descendant::strong[contains(text(), 'followed by strong text')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You chose &lt;code&gt;descendant::&lt;/code&gt;, which means it will search at any depth from &lt;code&gt;h4&lt;/code&gt; for a &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt; element. If you had &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; it would also find it. If that's the intend, leave it as is. If not, and you want an immediate child, then use just &lt;code&gt;/strong[...]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your XPath as a whole will select that &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt; element containing the text &lt;code&gt;followed by strong text&lt;/code&gt;, with an ancestor &lt;code&gt;h4&lt;/code&gt; as specified before. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Perhaps matching the first two-thirds is sufficient&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say this is ⅔ of what you wanted to achieve. Do you mean you need to select the text node? In that case, append the expression with &lt;code&gt;/text()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, this XPath returns &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt;. It will return nothing if it can't find both texts the way you specified it. Otherwise it will return the &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt; element. If you just need to verify its existence, you are done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;through the end of the strong tag&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not quite right, but I understand the confusion. XPath does not see tags, it sees elements (or more generally: nodes), which is the whole of the opening tag and the closing tag, all its descendants, processing instructions, attributes and namespaces. As such, and as suggested, you can then query whatever is inside the &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;element&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Update (selecting following sibling)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After your comment, I think the rules are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any &lt;code&gt;h4&lt;/code&gt; with an immediate child &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt; contains text &lt;code&gt;X&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inside &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt;, contains text &lt;code&gt;Y&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt;, contains text &lt;code&gt;Z&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be written as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;//h4[text()[1][contains(., 'X')]]&#xA;    /strong&#xA;       [contains(., 'Y')]&#xA;       [following-sibling::text()[1][contains(., 'Z')]]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Written in such a way that it still returns the &lt;code&gt;strong&lt;/code&gt; element. If you want the whole &lt;code&gt;h4&lt;/code&gt; to be returned, write everything as a predicate of it (though for a boolean test whether this returns &lt;em&gt;anything&lt;/em&gt;, this obviously won't matter):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;//h4&#xA;    [text()[1][contains(., 'X')] &#xA;        and text()[last()][contains(', 'Z')]]&#xA;    [strong[contains(., 'Y')]]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(for illustration, it uses a slightly different approach for the third text match)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14400" LastEditorUserId="178" LastEditDate="2015-09-12T15:44:28.470" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T15:44:28.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14680" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-11T21:12:04.727" Score="1" ViewCount="64143" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing this &lt;code&gt;'Cannot insantiate class'&lt;/code&gt; error on running one of my test cases in Selenium webdriver using Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the class of the functionality of the test,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Pages;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;&#xA;import Lib.lib;&#xA;&#xA;public class KnowledgeBase extends lib{&#xA;&#xA;    By sortBylink = By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/featured-studies-grid/div[2]/featured-studies-toolbar/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div&quot;);&#xA;    By featuredOption = By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/featured-studies-grid/div[2]/featured-studies-toolbar/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/ul/li[1]&quot;);&#xA;    By mostRcnt = By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/featured-studies-grid/div[2]/featured-studies-toolbar/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/ul/li[2]&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    String featOption = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/featured-studies-grid/div[2]/featured-studies-toolbar/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/ul/li[1]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&#xA;    String mostRecent = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/featured-studies-grid/div[2]/featured-studies-toolbar/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/ul/li[2]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&#xA;    public void initSBy() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.findElement(sortBylink).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1500);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void selectfO() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.findElement(featuredOption).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void selectMr() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.findElement(mostRcnt).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void sortBy(String sProp) throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.initSBy();&#xA;&#xA;        if (sProp == &quot;featOption&quot;) {&#xA;&#xA;            this.selectfO();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        else if (sProp == &quot;mostRecent&quot;){&#xA;&#xA;            this.selectMr();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        else {&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Incorrect option. Test failed.&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my Test Case Class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package TestCases;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import Lib.lib;&#xA;import Pages.KnowledgeBase;&#xA;import Pages.LoginPage;&#xA;&#xA;public class sortingTextKB extends lib {&#xA;&#xA;    LoginPage uLogin = new LoginPage();&#xA;    KnowledgeBase sortObj = new KnowledgeBase();&#xA;&#xA;    //Logging In&#xA;    @Test (priority = 1)&#xA;    public void loggingIn() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        uLogin.loginToKB(&quot;uzii@test.com&quot;, &quot;uziiiii&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Sorting&#xA;    @Test (priority = 2)&#xA;    public void sortIn() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        sortObj.sortBy(&quot;Most Recent&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my Lib class, that contains the chrome driver configuration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Lib;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;&#xA;public class lib {&#xA;&#xA;    protected static WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeTest&#xA;    public void chrome_extension()&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;--start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.testsite.com&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterTest&#xA;    public void quit()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run my test case class, I am getting the following error,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.testng.TestNGException: &#xA;Cannot instantiate class TestCases.sortingTextKB&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:38)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance1(ClassHelper.java:387)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance(ClassHelper.java:299)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getDefaultInstance(ClassImpl.java:110)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getInstances(ClassImpl.java:186)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestNGClassFinder.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestNGClassFinder.java:120)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.initMethods(TestRunner.java:409)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:235)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:205)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestRunner.java:160)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG$1.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG.java:141)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG$DelegatingTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG.java:271)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner$ProxyTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(SuiteRunner.java:561)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.init(SuiteRunner.java:157)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(SuiteRunner.java:111)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunner(TestNG.java:1299)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunners(TestNG.java:1286)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1140)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1057)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:111)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:204)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:175)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:29)&#xA;    ... 21 more&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;    at Pages.KnowledgeBase.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(KnowledgeBase.java:22)&#xA;    at TestCases.sortingTextKB.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(sortingTextKB.java:12)&#xA;    ... 26 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is line 22 of &lt;code&gt;KnowledgeBase&lt;/code&gt; class,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String featOption = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/featured-studies-grid/div[2]/featured-studies-toolbar/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/ul/li[1]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know why I am facing this &lt;code&gt;'cannot instantiate class'&lt;/code&gt; error. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14403" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T13:05:12.360" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T07:09:36.510" Title="Cannot Instantiate class error - Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-11T21:17:24.327" Score="1" ViewCount="2034" Body="&lt;p&gt;this is not a logical question as such, but I really need to know what is the most effective way of writing xpath during selenium webdriver automation. Please explain a bit with few examples. Any help will be highly appreciated. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14404" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:16:06.163" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:16:06.163" Title="Most effective way of writing xpath?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-09-14T14:33:31.577" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14682" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-12T09:15:34.003" Score="1" ViewCount="10357" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked to learn about Test Plan, Test Suite, Black Box Testing, Test Cases. Can anyone guide me in which order should I start learning? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also what are the necessary test cases for Android application testing and how to write test cases in excel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14368" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T13:08:07.867" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:33:34.140" Title="Test suite, Test plan, Test cases for Android application" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14682" CreationDate="2015-09-12T10:15:31.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please do visit the site: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com&lt;/a&gt;. Very practical details about types of testing and how to write test cases, test plan. Even there is particular section for Mobile Testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14407" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T10:15:31.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14684" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-12T15:55:53.327" Score="2" ViewCount="12215" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now I'm running selenium test script in which I have get data from a CSV file and paste in a site.So can I copy data from a CSV file and paste in a test script in &lt;strong&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be of great help if you could provide method to make changes in a CSV file using a &lt;strong&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14408" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T19:11:29.653" LastActivityDate="2021-01-28T11:21:31.973" Title="Can I copy data from a CSV file and use it in a website using only Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12698" CreationDate="2015-09-12T17:43:21.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can user &quot;getcssvalue&quot; in java to get css attributes of element. Below is example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; String headerColor = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='LoginName']/h1&quot;)).getCssValue(&quot;backgroud-color&quot;);&#xA;   Assert.assertEquals(&quot;some message&quot;, &quot;#FFFFFF&quot;, headerColor);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(headerColor.contains(#FFFFFF)){&#xA;  System.Out.Print(&quot;Color Mathes&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA; {&#xA;System.Out.Print(&quot;Color Mathes&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;some time color code should be displayed in rga format eg:  rgba(45, 45, 45, 1), so instead of  #ffffff you have to use  rgba(45, 45, 45, 1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14409" LastEditorUserId="14409" LastEditDate="2015-09-13T05:39:50.940" LastActivityDate="2015-09-13T05:39:50.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14684" CreationDate="2015-09-12T18:20:45.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not exactly what you are asking, but it can suit your needs.&#xA;You can use &lt;strong&gt;SelBlocks&lt;/strong&gt; Plugin to enable data-driven testing for Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Convert your CSV to XML file as is required by &lt;code&gt;ForXML&lt;/code&gt; command&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make use of data in your test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SelBlocks implements other functions as conditions if-else-endIf, for cycle and others.&#xA;You can find SelBlocks here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20191029191611/https://refactoror.fandom.com/wiki/Selblocks_Reference&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SelBlocks 2.1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the StoredVariables plugin will be usefull to get info what is going on in Stored variables during the script creation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example following XML will fill stored variables for each cycle of your test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;testdata&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;vars testcycle=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; Param1=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; Param2=&amp;quot;5&amp;quot;  Result=&amp;quot;50&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;vars testcycle=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; ...&#xA;...&#xA;&amp;lt;/testdata&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test can look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;forXml | data.xml&#xA;storeEval | storedVars['Param1'] * storedVars['Param2'] == storedVars['Result'] | ResultOfTheCycle&#xA;if | storedVars['ResultOfTheCycle']&#xA;   echo | cycle ${testcycle} Passed &#xA;else&#xA;   echo | cycle ${testcycle} Failed&#xA;endIf&#xA;endForXml&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-28T11:21:31.973" LastActivityDate="2021-01-28T11:21:31.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14681" CreationDate="2015-09-12T19:19:27.913" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First: Ask your developers, if there could be unique identifiers in the tag parameters. Could be id, name or proprietal parameter. For example angular is using ng-* parameters for each object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Study Xpath Tutorial (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xpath_intro.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xpath_intro.asp&lt;/a&gt;) to master your Xpath skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To create the particular xpath expression quickly, I use this steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;copypaste whole tag of the object you need to locate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;exchange &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write &lt;code&gt;[@&lt;/code&gt; behind the tag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delete the rest in exception of parameter identifying the object &lt;code&gt;parameter=&quot;value&quot;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write &lt;code&gt;]&lt;/code&gt; on the end of xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can combine xpath expressions to get specific path and distinguish between similar objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to use Xpath axes (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xpath_axes.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xpath_axes.asp&lt;/a&gt;) as &lt;code&gt;/descendant::&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/preceding-sibling::&lt;/code&gt;, ... etc. instead of full path. Developers often change structure of their code and structure of HTML can change a lot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case parameter contains some string, use &lt;code&gt;contains(@parameter,&quot;value&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; clausule.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case parameter starts with some string and rest is rubbish, use &lt;code&gt;starts-with(@parameter,&quot;value&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; clausule.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use dot &lt;code&gt;contains(.,&quot;value&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; for text content of the web tag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example for google code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form class=&quot;search-form&quot; name=&quot;search&quot; action=&quot;http://www.google.com/search&quot; method=&quot;get&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input id=&quot;sbi&quot; class=&quot;search-input&quot; type=&quot;search&quot; x-webkit-speech=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;q&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can write xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//form[@name=&quot;search&quot;]/descendant::input[@type=&quot;search&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//form[@name=&quot;search&quot;]/descendant::input[starts-with(@class,&quot;search&quot;)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code could be shorter (&lt;code&gt;//input[@id=&quot;sbi&quot;]&lt;/code&gt;) but in case id is changing during development, or there is more search dialogs/inputs on the page, it is practical to distinguish the position by parental element. Expression is more robust during development cycle and therefore you will not need to come back to it again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes elements in the page are changed during developmnet, for example&#xA;several &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags is replaced by &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags, but parameters will stay. Consider to replace a tag by &lt;code&gt;*&lt;/code&gt; in your xpath expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2015-09-12T19:19:27.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8563" CreationDate="2015-09-13T12:26:14.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Steps to attach Jira Bugs to Testlink:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Jira -&gt; Open the story for which you want to mark execution -&gt; Click on the &quot;QE&quot; tab -&gt; In the Testlink field, enter public URL of testlink story -&gt; Save the changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now open Testlink -&gt; Test Execution -&gt; Select the Story -&gt; For every test case there is &quot;Bug Id&quot; field -&gt; Enter the JIRA bug id to that case -&gt; Select Pass/Fail option -&gt; Execute the plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14413" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-09-13T20:06:10.270" LastActivityDate="2015-09-13T20:06:10.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14680" CreationDate="2015-09-14T01:58:03.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use @BeforeMethod annotation in place of @BeforeTest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T14:19:53.387" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T14:19:53.387" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14682" CreationDate="2015-09-14T03:17:37.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally when it comes to implementation , correct order is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Create Test Plan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Create Test Cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Execute Test Cases [It includes all testing. i.e Blackbox]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what are the necessary test cases for application testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly it is depends on what flow and functionality application includes. You can check common mobile application check list : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tmap.net/sites/.../Checklist_Mobile_App_Testing_0.docx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile App. Testing Checklist&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how to write test cases in excel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please download best test case sample from here : &lt;a href=&quot;http://thesoftwaretesting.com/test-cases/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Login Test case Sample&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope these all help you better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T03:17:37.737" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14682" CreationDate="2015-09-14T05:24:51.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have been asked to learn about Test Plan, Test Suite, Black Box Testing, Test Cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like you to summon our search god, known to us as Google. One query and there is a bucket full of results returned, which have all the information that you need. I expect, most likely your prayer would be answered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go by this order :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black Box Testing&lt;/strong&gt; :  A software testing technique whereby the internal workings of the item being tested are not known by the tester.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/Black_Box_Testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Black Box Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Cases&lt;/strong&gt; : A test case is a set of conditions or a set of variables according to which a tester would test or determine if the system is working as per requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more at &lt;a href=&quot;https://qatechnicals.wordpress.com/fundamentals/test-cases/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Cases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt; : A test plan is the official documentation that lists scope and activities. It gives you a baseline while formally testing a software product or a module.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more at &lt;a href=&quot;https://qatechnicals.wordpress.com/fundamentals/test-plan/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Plan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Suite&lt;/strong&gt; : Test suite is a container that has a set of tests which helps testers in executing and reporting the test execution status.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/test_suite.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Suite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, more often than not, starters seem to have a confusion in getting difference between Test Plan and Test Suite. Here is a good &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9119/test-suite-vs-test-plan&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; to understand the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, coming to part 2 of your question-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And also what are the necessary test cases for Android application testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a very broad question. And it depends solely, how your application is designed and how it works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can create test cases based on exploring your application and refer to this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14458/how-to-write-proper-test-case-steps&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; on how to write good test cases. If your application is based on a requirement, you can design test cases, which cover the requirements. Otherwise, explore the app and try to think about the cases/scenarios that user may face. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if your application needs an email login- then you can create scenarios when a user tries to log in using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;valid id and valid password&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;invalid id and invalid password&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;no id and password&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;invalid id (or password) and valid id(password) and vice-versa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to next part of your question &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how to write test cases in excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of templates available on web. Summon the search god and it shall reply. You can copy one of those and use that, in your test plan. Above template provided (by Helping Hands), should be a good start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update : I found a very good example of a basic test case template here :&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5383/looking-for-an-excellent-example-of-using-a-spreadsheet-for-test-case-management&quot;&gt;Test Case Template&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;And, also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/test-case-template-examples/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T20:47:50.500" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14692" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-14T06:04:25.413" Score="2" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn &lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selendroid&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know what language I need to know before starting with selendroid.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I know selenium using Java.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For selendroid, do I have to learn android?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14418" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T09:11:51.657" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T12:46:21.177" Title="What language is required when learning Selendroid?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14692" CreationDate="2015-09-14T06:10:52.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can start selenium using java programming language. , Helpful tutorial you can find below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium web driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium support many programming languages like Java , c# , Python and some others also. It will help you to do automation testing for functionalists. For ex: Login , Register in website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start with selendroid , you do not need to learn android. Selenium web driver is enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T06:10:52.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14694" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-14T08:38:28.513" Score="5" ViewCount="13642" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to JMeter and trying to run a test from behind a corporate proxy. I read on the same from apache site and followed the same process so as to run the test. However, i am still  unable to record a test from behind the proxy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This message always appears after pressing on 'Start' recording:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qHzDs.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qHzDs.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, I have changed apache port to 8000 as in below and made it different &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This time after pressing on start was this message&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/isf0B.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/isf0B.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14420" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:48:36.317" LastActivityDate="2019-03-04T10:36:37.637" Title="Getting error using JMeter behind a proxy" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14694" CreationDate="2015-09-14T09:05:55.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you are on the right track, that last message should have generated certificate in BIN folder of your JMeter, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;your jmeter/bin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certificate name will be: &lt;strong&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RoTRB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RoTRB.png&quot; alt=&quot;Certificate&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You just need to import that certificate in browser in which you are going to record your script using JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T15:07:43.917" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T15:07:43.917" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14694" CreationDate="2015-09-14T09:10:59.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First add a Recording Controller in your Thread Group.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next add a &lt;strong&gt;HTTP(s) test script recorder&lt;/strong&gt; in the work bench.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on the &lt;strong&gt;HTTP(s) test script recorder&lt;/strong&gt; .&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the Global Settings, change port from 8080 to any other number say - 7777.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZHTKZ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZHTKZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to Mozilla Firefox Options.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Advanced settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Network tab.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Connection Settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OmYsI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OmYsI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change to Manual proxy settings and change to port to 7777&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save the settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What was happening when you were trying to run the script earlier.&#xA;Actually the port on which you are trying to run the script on, is already in use by some other application and that is why you are getting the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T09:10:59.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14668" CreationDate="2015-09-14T10:13:08.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In additional to functional testing tools in case of your mobile application performs network communication with the backend server you might want to check the performance in case of several hundreds or thousands simultaneous mobile applications operations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case consider using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; in combination with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1946705-mobile-recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile Recorder&lt;/a&gt; to record the activity of a single application and replay it with increased number of threads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T10:13:08.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14652" CreationDate="2015-09-14T11:12:20.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;If I am understanding your requirement correctly for functional testing, then:&#xA;&#xA;First check what is the format of request and response.&#xA;As you said its JSON, you can easily do this using JAVA. Use java package - org.json.JSONObject to create request and validate JSON format.&#xA;You can send request and get response by this simple code:&#xA;&#xA;        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();&#xA;        HttpGet GetRequest = new HttpGet(&quot;ServerURL&quot;);&#xA;        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(GetRequest);&#xA;use packages: import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;&#xA;&#xA;you may need to download apache - httpClient jar also.&#xA;&#xA;Once you have the response, read it using some reader, like:&#xA;&#xA;BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader( new  InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));&#xA;Convert this response into a string like:&#xA;&#xA;    String line = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;    StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();&#xA;    while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null)&#xA;    {&#xA;        result.append(line);&#xA;    }&#xA;Finally you have the string response, this can be further analysed by using java package - org.json.JSONObject. Analyse the JSON response like:&#xA;&#xA;JSONObject js = new JSONObject(hudsonRTBObjectJSONString);&#xA;Hope this helps&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T11:12:20.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14700" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-14T11:12:51.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;checking that the documented requirements and models are consistent and meet stakeholder needs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T08:06:56.783" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T08:06:56.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14701" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-14T11:12:51.217" Score="0" Body="checking that the documented requirements and models are consistent and meet stakeholder needs" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T08:06:59.357" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T08:06:59.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14702" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14703" CreationDate="2015-09-14T12:15:23.397" Score="1" ViewCount="369" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5cOVg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5cOVg.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to enter credentials using Selenium (Java)? I am not able to enter credentials in the Pop-up window, which is shown above.&#xA;Please help me in this. Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13208" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T13:11:00.207" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T13:11:00.207" Title="Authentication pop-up issue with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-09-15T10:29:46.070" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14702" CreationDate="2015-09-14T12:39:06.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is common known problem. Solution that I've implement in my automation test is simple:&#xA;to open page without basic http authorization You must use url with template: login:password@site. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;page: xyz.com&#xA;login: admin&#xA;password: adminpassword&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;url: &lt;code&gt;admin:adminpassword@xyz.com&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T12:39:06.473" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14704" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-14T13:18:35.447" Score="3" ViewCount="1261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a web application which needs to be tested in multiple browsers in multiple environments (i.e. Chrome, Firefox, and Internet Explorer in both Windows and Linux* (*with the obvious exception of Internet Explorer)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests have been written in Java using JBehave, Selenium, and SerenityBDD (Thucydides)). These tests exercise an underlying REST API, testing if objects may be successfully created and deleted using the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium Grid, and would like to run the tests on parallel nodes; however, the concern is that as the tests exercise an underlying REST API, there could be conflicts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to pass in parameters to the tests as a parameter within the Jenkins job configuration which runs the tests, so that there is a slight difference in the tests dependent on the node in which they are executing? (e.g. An object named 'MYOBJECT-CHROME' is created on Chrome, versus an object named 'MYOBJECT-FIREFOX' on Firefox, meaning any REST API conflicts can be avoided?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This seems similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8335/how-to-manage-application-data-when-running-multiple-tests-in-parallel&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, however it addresses running &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; tests in parallel so they may be executed faster; rather than running the &lt;em&gt;same&lt;/em&gt; tests in parallel on different environements; due to these differences the answers do not seem to apply.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14423" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:11:22.243" Title="How can I avoid conflicts running Selenium tests in parallel, when they must exercise an underlying REST API?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jbehave&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14704" CreationDate="2015-09-14T13:40:12.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question seems to imply that each browser/environment combination is a separate Jenkins job.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins jobs can have parameters.  They are manifested as environment variables.  How you propagate those environment variables into your test depends on how you run your test; you will need to read your Jenkins.  See the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Parameterized+Build&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins documentation&lt;/a&gt; for details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative might be to code the test to generate unique object identifiers.  You could write a function that takes the browser type and environment as input, and uses that information plus the current timestamp to generate a unique ID.  How you implement that function depends on the syntax of your object IDs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T13:40:12.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14668" CreationDate="2015-09-14T14:14:23.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from the tools told by &lt;em&gt;log_file&lt;/em&gt;, you can also take a look on &lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeeTest&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/Products/Software-Testing/Automated-Testing/Silk-Mobile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Silk Mobile&lt;/a&gt;, which are very similar and both intended for native app automation on iOS, Android, Windows Phone, Windows Mobile, BlackBerry and Symbian.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, these tools record steps and present them in a visual script interface, letting you export them to many programming languages. Therefore, maybe the first thing you should learn is JUnit, which will give you the ability to modify those scripts and make them more robust and powerful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9180" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T14:14:23.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14430" CreationDate="2015-09-14T16:07:21.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That complex information that you want to obtain requires a complex environment, since it involves code, tests and higher concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my point of view, requirements could be the center of that integration. For instance, you could connect a requirement with a change request that will contain all code submissions related to that requirement fulfillment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, that requirement can also be traced to tests that will cover it. Therefore, a code modification will lead to a suspicious trace to the requirement, and then you will know which exact scripts you have to retest to ensure your system's regression. This will also work with cross-project requirement traces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask for a specific suite to get this, you could use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/Products/Requirements-Management/Caliber/Integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Borland Caliber&lt;/a&gt; for requirement management, StarTeam for SCCM (or TFS) and Silk Central for test management (or HP Quality Center). With that configuration you will be able to track traces both ways and also will have a traceability diagram to get a visual insight of all elements involved. I'm sure there will be other suites and tools that could give you similar results, but this is the only one that I have used and I know it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9180" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T16:07:21.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14631" CreationDate="2015-09-14T17:02:00.320" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've written an article about the same topic, with examples in Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingexcellence.com/how-to-test-carousel-rotation-with-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingexcellence.com/how-to-test-carousel-rotation-with-selenium-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2563" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T17:02:00.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14709" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-14T17:36:55.287" Score="2" ViewCount="688" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement to run a process that itself requires the functionality of the Firefox browser. Currently, I run this process on a laptop, so having Firefox running is not a problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, we would like to move to a server deployment Windows AND Linux. The issue is I can find set up instructions for Linux, but I can't find Windows support or documentation for the same. Can Selenium be run on Windows and if so can anyone point me to some documentation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14427" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:26:09.537" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:26:09.537" Title="Selenium Virtual Frame Buffer on Windows" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8802" CreationDate="2015-09-14T18:37:32.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's more than one project on codeplex.com for automating the UI testing of Windows GUI, among all the other stuff there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been using &quot;UIAutomation Powershell Extensions&quot; &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://uiautomation.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://uiautomation.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8423" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T18:37:32.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14715" CreationDate="2015-09-14T19:43:32.577" Score="4" ViewCount="15435" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to choose the best tool to perform Load and Performance testing on my web based application. The content of the application is based on Jasper reports and I want to see the behavior of the application when it is accessed simultaneously by 500 users (for example).&#xA;I've worked with &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; but for me it is a little bit complicated and now I've find out about &lt;strong&gt;Locust.IO&lt;/strong&gt;, a Python framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know your opinion.&#xA;What would you choose between these two and why? Which is the best language for Load and Performance testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14428" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T19:58:24.633" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T06:34:41.877" Title="Python or Java for Loading and Performance testing" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14711" CreationDate="2015-09-14T20:25:13.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;welcome to SQA Stack Exchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the tools JMeter and Locust.IO, you have asked for opinion, which is completely out of scope of this site, as this site excludes opinion based questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But just want to shed some light over few concepts. &lt;strong&gt;Performance testing&lt;/strong&gt; is completely independent of the language being used for creating performance scripts. Performance test results or your application performance may depend upon the language and technology used for building the application but not on the language used for testing its Response Time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a simple way, if you have to cover a distance of 60 miles then both Motorcycle and Car will take same time if both are running at same speed (remember both are running on different technologies), see what you are comfortable with. Selection of vehicle may depend upon the Budget or width of the road.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as any of the tools being considered are used in an efficient and recommended way, there is no difference which you are using. I have worked on JMeter and found it compatible with all types of Web Applications (.Net, JAVA, Wordpress, PHP, SharePoint etc.). But you should see if you are comfortable with using it or not. I have worked on other tools like Grinder, Test Studio, Load Runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For selecting a Performance test tool, the important part of the tool lies in the report it provides and how easy it is to understand and analyze, all the effort and time will go in vain, if one is not able to understand or explain the output i.e. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where is the bottle neck?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If performance test is pass or fail?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If application is supporting required number of users or not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do we need hardware upgrade?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will say try both the tools &lt;em&gt;(as both are supporting web applications)&lt;/em&gt; with your application for some simple scenario &lt;em&gt;(like developers use to print 'Hello World')&lt;/em&gt; and then see which one is easy, time saving &amp;amp; understandable to you and suffice your needs, then go for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-14T20:36:23.680" LastActivityDate="2015-09-14T20:36:23.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-15T05:05:38.317" Score="4" ViewCount="6517" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the code for transferring control       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) { &#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(handle);&#xA;&#xA;    ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; windowTab = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;(driver.getWindowHandles());&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(windowTab.get(1));&#xA;&#xA;    String url = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(url);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the issue is that while am printing the URL, it prints two times.&#xA;After giving the control to the new window I have to perform all operations in that window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this enough for doing that or are there any modifications I have to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12363" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T01:18:13.013" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T18:21:19.173" Title="I am automating a page which will open up a PDF while clicking on a link. After that I have to do the operations in the newly opened window" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14711" CreationDate="2015-09-15T08:06:20.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most prominent load testing tools as for now are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend checking out &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; article which provides enough information to decide which one suits your needs in the best way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personal recommendation: if your project is based on Jasper Reports it means that it is Java based so I would choose JMeter as it is also pure Java application so you and developers could talk and use one language. JMeter can also be added to Continuous Integration process as it have Ant Task, Maven Plugin, can be launched via command-line or directly from Java code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you consider JMeter too complex you can look at the new automation framework - &lt;a href=&quot;http://gettaurus.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Taurus&lt;/a&gt; which supports executing existing JMeter, Gatling, Grinder, Locust and Selenium tests and has capability of defining load test scenario in human-readable YAML files. In terms of simplicity it seems to be the best option available for the moment.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T08:06:20.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14694" CreationDate="2015-09-15T08:15:37.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change default JMeter HTTP(S) Test Script Recorded port to be different from default 8080. The easiest and quickest option is using &quot;Recording&quot; template (File -&gt; Templates -&gt; Recording). See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-save-%E2%80%98loads%E2%80%99-time-using-jmeters-template-feature&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Save ‘Loads’ of Time Using JMeter's Template Feature&lt;/a&gt; for instructions on using existing and creating new templates. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure your browser to use localhost as a proxy host and port 8888. Make sure that &quot;no proxy for&quot; input is blank or doesn't contain stuff like 127.0.0.1, localhost, ::1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you're sitting behind the corporate proxy - you can &quot;tell&quot; JMeter to use your company proxy settings via the following command-line arguments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-H, --proxyHost &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;    Set a proxy server for JMeter to use&#xA;-P, --proxyPort &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;    Set proxy server port for JMeter to use&#xA;-N, --nonProxyHosts &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;    Set nonproxy host list (e.g. *.apache.org|localhost)&#xA;-u, --username &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;    Set username for proxy server that JMeter is to use&#xA;-a, --password &amp;lt;argument&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#options&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;full list of command-line options&lt;/a&gt; to learn about other command-line arguments which you may find useful&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T08:15:37.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14717" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-15T09:03:53.450" Score="1" ViewCount="1310" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My HTML code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;selectrepo&quot; class=&quot;col-md-5 col-md-offset-1 select ng-dirty ng-valid-parse ng-valid ng-valid-required ng-touched&quot; ng-required=&quot;true&quot; ng-model=&quot;locFrmdata&quot; ng-disabled=&quot;!locPathdet&quot; name=&quot;select&quot; required=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option id=&quot;dfltval&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot; value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Kiezen&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option id=&quot;locDet+'0'&quot; class=&quot;ng-binding ng-scope&quot; value=&quot;\keur\BVGO&quot; ng-repeat=&quot;locationDet in childRepos track by $index&quot;&amp;gt;\keur\BVGO&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is the WebDriver code I'm writing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String repos =  new String(&quot;\keur\BVGO&quot;);&#xA;Select repo = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;selectrepo&quot;)));&#xA;repo.selectByVisibleText(repos);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and also &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;repo.selectByValue(&quot;\keur\BVGO&quot;);&#xA;repo.selectByVisibleText(&quot;\keur\BVGO&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I find this element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12892" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T11:13:35.913" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T02:24:21.433" Title="Convert regex to string in webdriver selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-12-10T22:00:12.283" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14718" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-15T09:23:28.907" Score="2" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on android automation testing. I need to install some .apk files in an emulator. So I have a few questions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where should I get the .apk file?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do I install the .apk file?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T15:31:16.047" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T04:15:59.070" Title="How to install an app in the Android SDK emulator" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14719" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-15T10:02:19.543" Score="2" ViewCount="650" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new in automation testing and I don't know how to start writing scripts for test cases.  Can anybody tell me where I can write scripts for test cases and how? Give me some examples too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14433" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-15T11:20:03.627" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T12:19:55.123" Title="where can we write vbscript for testing of software?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8378" CreationDate="2015-09-15T10:03:43.010" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do this by using JMeter Scheduler:&#xA;In Thread Group tick the Scheduler and set the value as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start Time and End Time: No need to input. keep them as they are, because they have no significant after entering Duration and Startup delay value. Delay overrides Start Time, and Duration overrides End Time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you want to run the test for 2 min. Input the value as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duration (seconds):&lt;/strong&gt; 120&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Startup delay (seconds):&lt;/strong&gt; 0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Eww79.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Eww79.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it's the time to run the test: Run -&gt; Start&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2981" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T10:03:43.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14719" CreationDate="2015-09-15T11:38:34.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To automate using VBScript you have a few options that I know of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QTP&lt;/strong&gt; - this is the &quot;Gold standard&quot; tool and is entirely VBScript-based. It's also extremely expensive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestComplete&lt;/strong&gt; - this is one of the cheaper big box tools. TC supports multiple script languages including VBScript&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also build your own using classic ASP or the Windows Scripting Host if you wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advice on how to start writing tests and examples isn't going to be terribly useful to you until you've done some more research: automated test cases are &lt;em&gt;extremely&lt;/em&gt; variable depending on what exactly they're testing. I've written everything from completely headless API tests to tests that install the latest version of a Windows application, restore a known database, log in as a known user and perform a sequence of events before closing out and comparing the state of the database against a baseline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend working with an automation tool and using the tutorials provided until you understand how everything fits together. Then if you have more specific questions you can ask them here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T11:38:34.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14717" CreationDate="2015-09-15T11:52:11.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you try to escape special symbols?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;repo.selectByVisibleText(&quot;\\keur\\BVGO&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastEditorUserId="8842" LastEditDate="2015-09-16T12:16:35.260" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T12:16:35.260" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13832" CreationDate="2015-09-15T12:05:03.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try to use WebDriver plugin which interacts with UI elements. It support explicit wait on some conditions like IsElementVisible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T12:05:03.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14684" CreationDate="2015-09-15T12:13:20.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not good idea to use Selenium IDE to modify cvs files. Actually IDE is very simple and was not intended to execute extra functionality. It is better to export code to Java and then implement code for file operations: read, write, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T12:13:20.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14718" CreationDate="2015-09-15T12:24:47.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get apk using chrome plugin &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/apk-downloader/cgihflhdpokeobcfimliamffejfnmfii?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;APK Downloader&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;To install apk use ADB command: &lt;code&gt;adb install path_to_apk_file&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2015-09-15T12:24:47.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14729" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-15T16:50:43.500" Score="1" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider ClassA that has a method that takes an argument, say a string.&#xA;This method then passes the argument to ClassB to do something with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should ClassA be assuring that the argument is valid (string type, correct format, etc) or should ClassA not worry about it since ClassB is equipped to check this? Since ClassA is not doing anything with the argument except passing it to ClassB, an exception will be thrown regardless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def ClassA:&#xA;    def method(self, arg1):&#xA;         '''&#xA;         Do I need:&#xA;&#xA;         if type(arg1) is not str:&#xA;               raise TypeError()&#xA;&#xA;         if ClassB has this?&#xA;         ''' &#xA;         classb = ClassB(arg1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14441" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T18:30:32.770" Title="Data type/value of argument checking" Tags="&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-11-16T12:10:23.807" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14458" CreationDate="2015-09-15T23:13:52.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is simply too much variation between different teams of testers and business contexts to provide a one-size-fits-all answer here. There are good and valid reasons that different teams around the world use very different test documentation approaches when it comes to test case writing styles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You and your colleagues should familiarize yourself with several different approaches that other teams use. Think about the pro's and con's of using formalized and detailed script structures as opposed to the pro's and con's of other &quot;documentation-light&quot; approaches. Once you're aware of the options available, you should consciously adopt approach that works best for your context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These 3 sources are directly on point and provide more examples for your consideration than I can get into here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Cem Kaner's excellent piece &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/GoodTest.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What's a Good Test Case?&lt;/a&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A presentation I gave at an STP conference called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/JustinHunter/documenting-software-testing-instructions-a-survey-of-successful-approaches&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Documenting Software Testing Instructions - A Survey of Successful Approaches&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This other similar question on StackExchange: &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/559/when-writing-manual-test-cases-and-scripts-how-much-detail-is-too-much-detail-w&quot;&gt;When writing manual test cases and scripts, how much detail is too much detail when documenting the steps&lt;/a&gt;?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Image - &quot;Topics&quot; slide from these presentation slides:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slideshare.net/JustinHunter/documenting-software-testing-instructions-a-survey-of-successful-approaches&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.slideshare.net/JustinHunter/documenting-software-testing-instructions-a-survey-of-successful-approaches&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yCriE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yCriE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T06:03:56.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14694" CreationDate="2015-09-16T06:43:19.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;https://portswigger.net/burp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Burp Suite&lt;/a&gt; application to set proxy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T06:43:19.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14740" CreationDate="2015-09-16T07:51:13.607" Score="3" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;Community,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently doing development and tests for a Windows Desktop Application that plays together with some PLCs. One of my main tasks is to perform Functional Tests on a System Level for each Alpha/Beta version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a Test Document (MS Word) that defines the test cases and has an Accpeted/Not Accepted mark for each test case. When encountering errors, a screenshot is taken and put together with some short description into the Test Document. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All other deviations/observations that are not related to the Functional Tests are put into a separate Word Doc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the tests, I'm creating some overview spreadsheet that lists all results and is a base for discussion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, every now and then some tests will fail. Some bugs are so huge that they'd be blocking the release and require a bugfix that results in a new delivery that results in a new build for the possible release. This build will then be retested. The failed test cases are to be repeated and possible other test cases also, depending on the impact of the change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common procedure results in creating a new copy of the (empty) test document and executing the test cases. Of course, most of the other cases won't be executed and will have no result in their checkbox. This doesn't look nice and is also not easy to get an overview (e.g. if you have two or more retest documents).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes we're also creating a Test Plan (Word) that defines a subset of the Test Cases to be executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Handling these documents is a bit tricky:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;no linkage from overview to failed testcase (manual search)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;test case document rather long (~60 pages), keeping an overview hard&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;for each retest of a failed build, a new copy of the word document is created&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recording test results and reviewing them is hard for me&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any recommendations for handling the documents, recording results and decisions and versioning the documents on a per release/build base? How are you doing it? Examples welcome!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW: The toolset (MS Office) can't be changed (boss sez so).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot,&#xA;Alex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13263" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T11:30:19.450" Title="Handling of Test Documents throughout Retests" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;review&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14734" CreationDate="2015-09-16T08:23:49.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a huge question!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've worked at similar places where they want a QA team to work without the QA tools like bug-tracking software, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're being forced to use Microsoft Office, then it might be worth splitting up the document, so rather than tracking the defects in one test document per iteration, you could literally have one page per defect (Description, Steps to Reproduce, Branch/Revision Info, Test Evidence), printed out, and keep physical copies - which sounds like it'll be easier to maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine like when companies went from a physical kanban and using post-its on a board to a digital kanban, you'll be doing it the other way round.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other option is (and we've used this before) an Excel sheet. Be warned, it takes up a huge amount of time... but it's quite easy to copy and paste the data between sheets (one new sheet per iteration) and with its graph features it's quite easy to create metrics for your stakeholders. It's also easy to duplicate, edit and share Excel documents and keep on top of version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might update this at some point. Just wanted to throw in my two cents :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps,&#xA;Dan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T08:23:49.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10323" CreationDate="2015-09-16T10:24:33.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, since you mention &lt;em&gt;&quot;through the testing&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, I would like to remark that TDD is more a design methodology than a testing one. This means that you don't have a specific testing phase, because tests are defined as a first step and then all coding should be aimed to get those tests pass. &lt;em&gt;&quot;The testing&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is a continuous process that will check every code contribution against existing tests to clarify if your code is improving or worsening the project goals achievement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are working with sprints, your initial effort should be addressed to write new (failing) tests for your user stories and write the minimum necessary code to make them pass. Then, if you have spare time before the sprint ends and the next one comes, that would be the perfect moment for refactoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, this is not a universal truth and will change from one team to another. Just try to keep in mind what your main goal is and don't let refactoring tasks make you lose your track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, you can take a look on this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/255509/how-does-tdd-make-refactoring-easier&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/255509/how-does-tdd-make-refactoring-easier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9180" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T10:24:33.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13643" CreationDate="2015-09-16T10:35:33.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even though Test cases might be the same but you need to keep these things in your mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The layout of each device could be different. Android phones are available in different layout and sizes. This poses a challenge for the testers to test the application on every possible device. On another hand, Apple has limited device portfolio which can be tested easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different layout and sizes result in a resolution to vary from device to device. Chances are there that android app may not function as intended on all the devices. This means the android app needs to be optimized for each device. This increases the number of scenarios to be tested thus increasing the testing efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hardware specifications also need to be taken into consideration during. The processor speed and memory play a significant role in certain apps to function smoothly. An application designed for high-end phones might not work with low-end phones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hence while testing these points’ needs to be remembered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14391" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2019-04-17T08:05:34.937" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T08:05:34.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14734" CreationDate="2015-09-16T11:30:19.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the mandate to use Microsoft Office, I'd look at using spreadsheets to manage the test execution, working something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The master list of all test cases for the project is either a Word document or an Excel spreadsheet, linked from the Test Plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each test run can be either a separate spreadsheet or a worksheet within a single spreadsheet, depending on how complex the system is. For a highly complex system, I'd use one spreadsheet with worksheets set up for each logical grouping of test cases (e.g. configuration test cases would be one worksheet)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first worksheet on any test run would contain a &lt;em&gt;summary&lt;/em&gt; of test results, including a list of failed test cases (create these as internal links to the actual test case and result by doing a copy - paste as link).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The summary would also include pass/fail percentage possibly itemized by test case priority. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a defect is severe enough to block further testing, this would also be noted on the summary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have no other means to track defects, I'd use a separate spreadsheet and link to it so that you can number and link any defects you find. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your spreadsheets would live in a network share where every member of the team had access to them. For multiple testers, you might consider sharing them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative, if by &quot;Microsoft Office&quot; your boss includes Access, would be to build an Access database with all this information and overlay it with some simple forms to make data input, searching, and retrieval easier (this assumes you have the SQL knowledge to do this). It would take a while to set up but would take a lot of the manual effort out of your test recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T11:30:19.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14741" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14745" CreationDate="2015-09-16T12:02:57.203" Score="2" ViewCount="2032" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to switch between tabs in Java application using QTP 11.0. The problem is that tab buttons are not seen by qtp object spy as separate objects, the whole tab pane is seen as JTabbedPane:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DXfuW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DXfuW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas how to accomplish this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now trying to perform click operation on JTabbedPane using x, y coordinates:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;java window name&quot;).JavaTab(&quot;JTabbedPane name&quot;).Click 220, 10,&quot;LEFT&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But don't know how to debug cause I can't see the actual place where the click is performed in application...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T07:02:38.867" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T07:02:38.867" Title="How to select tab buttons in java tab panel with QTP/UFT?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14742" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-16T12:10:54.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP QuickTest Professional 11.0 (QTP 11) is the version of the QuickTest Professional functional and regression test automation tool, and the successor to QuickTest Professional 10.0 developed by Hewlett-Packard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-16T17:42:49.467" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T17:42:49.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14743" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-16T12:10:54.690" Score="0" Body="HP QuickTest Professional 11.0 (QTP 11) is the version of the QuickTest Professional functional and regression test automation tool, and the successor to QuickTest Professional 10.0 developed by Hewlett-Packard." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-16T17:43:01.180" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T17:43:01.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14744" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-16T12:46:12.193" Score="5" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;aqString[&quot;Format&quot;](&quot;%.2f&quot;, numb);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the returned number used &quot;,&quot; as a decimal point before - which is correct since I'm in Norway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suddenly - like a few days ago - it started to return the decimal point as &quot;.&quot; which is not the standard in Norway. I have no problem working around this, but since we haven't changed the locale settings on the machine or changed anything (that I'm aware of), this should not happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've output my current locale with &lt;code&gt;aqEnvironment.LanguageForNonUnicodePrograms&lt;/code&gt; and it's correct. I suspect this would only output the windows setting anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to change how TestComplete returns a decimal point? Could some settings in an obscure &lt;code&gt;.ini&lt;/code&gt; file has changed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any input would be appreciated. I would just like to know how this happened. I'm going to change the flow anyway in order to make the nightly runs turn green, but I feel like I could learn something here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9219" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T05:42:25.717" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T05:42:25.717" Title="How could aqString[&quot;Format&quot;] in TestComplete suddenly change format when machine's local did not change?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14741" CreationDate="2015-09-16T13:51:39.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution was trivial, tab is selected by its name with a function &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;java window name&quot;).JavaTab(&quot;JTabbedPane name&quot;).Select &quot;Tab Name&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T13:51:39.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14746" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-16T13:59:07.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;VBScript (Visual Basic Scripting Edition) is an Active Scripting language developed by Microsoft that is modeled on Visual Basic. It is designed as a &quot;lightweight&quot; language with a fast interpreter for use in a wide variety of Microsoft environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-17T14:34:16.170" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T14:34:16.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14747" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-16T13:59:07.107" Score="0" Body="VBScript (Visual Basic Scripting Edition) is an Active Scripting language developed by Microsoft that is modeled on Visual Basic. It is designed as a &quot;lightweight&quot; language with a fast interpreter for use in a wide variety of Microsoft environments." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-17T14:34:18.923" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T14:34:18.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14729" CreationDate="2015-09-16T16:31:44.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Brenden In my experience, it is better to keep the validations as close to the end user or top of the stack as possible and have the underlying workers be as generic as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, you should probably even consider moving the validation from classB to classA so that your classB is free of the constraint and becomes a bit more generic to be called by other consumers with different needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14455" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T16:31:44.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14965" CreationDate="2015-09-16T20:40:02.973" Score="3" ViewCount="6516" Body="&lt;p&gt;What will be a good test strategy to test sorting? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario where when clicking on a sort, i.e. sort the make/model from Z to A, then the listing should be sorted alphabetically from Z to A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I test this? I use TestNG and Selenium using page object model. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I do click on, sort make/model from Z to A, then the page reappears with one make, e.g a bunch of Volvo's because there are so many of them and no other make appears on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-09-16T23:02:33.657" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T13:33:40.503" Title="Test strategy for sorting" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14749" CreationDate="2015-09-16T22:51:28.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If all the results are on the same page, it should be pretty straightforward. You'll need to fetch the cell you've sorted, probably require a comparator of some kind, and just verify that each cell is ascending (or descending, as the case may be) from the previous cell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're using pagination it's going to be harder. You would need to go through each page sequentially and verify not only that each page is consistent, but also that the first element of each page is consistent with the last element of the previous page. This isn't an impossible task, clearly, but it does  complicate the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But like any sort verification, your basic strategy will be to start at the second cell and compare to the first cell, then move to the third and compare to the second, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2015-09-16T22:51:28.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16197" CreationDate="2015-09-17T01:22:09.663" Score="4" ViewCount="1542" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it advisable to use Sikuli along with Appium ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried finding an image after launching app on device using Appium, but sikuli returned an error saying &quot;cannot find img/x.png on the screen&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-18T14:08:06.113" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T11:42:39.010" Title="Sikuli and Appium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14753" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-17T08:11:09.927" Score="3" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to make two http requests. The first request generates an xml variable whose value is an integer. Now I have to make a second http request and I must use the first request integer value in part of the second http request path(url)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14461" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-17T11:21:42.917" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:30:56.260" Title="Jmeter problem with http request" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14749" CreationDate="2015-09-17T08:37:24.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strategy is automation. Could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Brutal force: read all values on all pages to a field variable and compare each with it's neighbor. Simple task for test automation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optimised: sequentional read of the parameter and compare with the previous and next value, regardless of independently switching to the next page, if you reach end of the list.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoidance: You will not test it at all as there are SQL statements with ORDER BY and you will test the database then. You will test the sorting manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First vs last element: You will test just comparison of the first and last element in the list, so you are testing, if the sorting buttons are working, not if the sorting is right for each element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to think about the very same values in the whole list (no order then) so  use &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/code&gt; intead of &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will make use of following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;selenium.storeXpathCount(xpath, variableName)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T16:32:37.817" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T16:32:37.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14311" CreationDate="2015-09-17T09:40:37.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The code that orcestrates your code shouldn't be interacting with selenium. Neither should it be interacting with thin wrappers for selenium activities. You should create &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;page objects&lt;/a&gt; that should appear from the outside to  simply do the thing the page should do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's important to no expose the internal detail of how your selenium works (which is why my IWebElements are always private). Here's a simplified example of a page with a form that adds a 'foo'. Notice I'm not clicking buttons from outside, I'm simply adding a 'foo' and letting the CreateFooPage encapsulate the messy details of how I do that. Similarly, if I had a page with a table of 'Foos' I would create a page that exposed a &lt;code&gt;Collection&amp;lt;Foo&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; rather than any table related detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class CreateFooPage&#xA;{&#xA;    public CreateFooPage(IWebDriver webDriver)&#xA;    {&#xA;          Driver = webDriver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private IWebDriver Driver { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    private IWebElement NameTextBox&#xA;    {&#xA;        get&#xA;        {&#xA;            return Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;Name&quot;));&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private IWebElement SaveButton&#xA;    {&#xA;        get&#xA;        {&#xA;            return Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;save-button&quot;));&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // How I expose the creeate functionality&#xA;    public void CreateFoo(string name)&#xA;    {&#xA;        NameTextBox.Clear();&#xA;&#xA;        NameTextBox.SendKeys(name);&#xA;&#xA;        SaveButton.Click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // How I would expose a table of elements&#xA;    public IEnumerable&amp;lt;Foo&amp;gt; Foos&#xA;    {&#xA;         get { throw new NotImpelementedException(); }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test code can now be free of Selenium code. It can do it's job of ochestrating  and asserting, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public void I_can_add_a_foo(){&#xA;      string name = &quot;bar&quot;;&#xA;       _site.CurrentPageAs&amp;lt;CreateFooPage&amp;gt;.CreateFoo(name);&#xA;      Assert.IsTrue(_site.CurrentPageAs&amp;lt;CreateFooPage&amp;gt;.Foos.Any( foo =&amp;gt; foo.Name = name));&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastEditorUserId="8929" LastEditDate="2015-09-17T09:48:44.093" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T09:48:44.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14753" CreationDate="2015-09-17T11:36:41.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Post-processor&lt;/a&gt; in your first request and extract the Integer value from the response using either &lt;strong&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt;, once this value is extracted and stored in a variable as per extractor syntax, use this variable in your next HTTP request URL (path) and this will pass the required value, making your script working as required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer below links for step-by-step guide of using Post-Processor in JMeter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/en/portal/articles/1743642-using-regex-regular-expression-extractor-with-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/en/portal/articles/1743642-using-regex-regular-expression-extractor-with-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-xpath-extractor-jmeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-xpath-extractor-jmeter-0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T17:30:56.260" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:30:56.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13012" CreationDate="2015-09-17T13:46:11.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I realize this question is 4 months old, but given what it's about, I figured I'd add my thoughts as you may still be working on putting this team together and determining roles and all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it sounds from what you described like the dev team does black-box testing and then the QA team does white-box testing, yes?  If that's the case, I see this middle team as being grey-box testers.  Where they are considered QA integration testers, but have some access to the low-level particulars of the inputs and outputs of each system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that kind of fit, it might look like this:  The Devs have their local environments where they code and do black-box unit tests and then build their code into an integrated environment.  This &quot;middle&quot; team uses this integrated environment where they are responsible for its data and configuration and perform specific integration test scenarios. They can both run the integrated system in this environment as well as get whatever access to the source details is deemed appropriate.  Then systems and configuration that pass integration testing get built into the next environment that the white-box QA testers and/or users test in where they will run full process scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that makes sense.  Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9234" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T13:46:11.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14717" CreationDate="2015-09-17T13:46:51.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to use the next xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='selectrepo']/option[text()='\\keur\\BVGO']&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastEditorUserId="8842" LastEditDate="2015-09-18T09:18:01.300" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T09:18:01.300" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14761" CreationDate="2015-09-17T18:15:51.237" Score="2" ViewCount="2247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had someone help me write test cases last week, but he did not understand the shared steps and iterations piece of the puzzle. As a result, he mangled my shared steps. My fault, I didn't train him well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see the changes in the history, but don't know how to revert those changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the easiest/best way to revert changes to test cases in MTM/TFS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14396" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T18:52:06.077" Title="What is the best way to revert changes to test cases in MTM/TFS?" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14760" CreationDate="2015-09-17T18:52:06.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, you an only see the changes in the &lt;strong&gt;History section&lt;/strong&gt; of the &lt;strong&gt;Summary Tab&lt;/strong&gt;, but there is no way to revert the changes made to the test cases. Refer to this post for more details on this &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/e8baeee4-da3f-4623-87e5-be501a40af97/can-restore-my-previous-version-of-test-case-?forum=vsmantest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/e8baeee4-da3f-4623-87e5-be501a40af97/can-restore-my-previous-version-of-test-case-?forum=vsmantest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not only the issue with TFS, other Project management tools like JIRA, also not have such a feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there is a workaround of doing this, if you have your old backup in excel then you can restore the same. For doing this pull the current/updated test cases from the TFS in Excel and override them with your old backup using copy-paste, keeping the ID of the test cases same. Then Publish the same back to TFS, for this you may use the utility &lt;a href=&quot;http://tcmimport.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'Test Case Migrator Plus'&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way which can be used in this scenario (in case you don't have backup), is to Pull the updated test cases from the TFS in excel and then update the same in excel manually and then publish it back to TFS, because it will be time saver to update test cases in excel then in TFS directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T18:52:06.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14762" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-17T20:47:32.930" Score="4" ViewCount="1568" Body="&lt;p&gt;The process which we generally follow for quality is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everytime we receive a Requirement document, we study the same, analyse it, discuss it and then after multiple rounds of the same process it is finally kicked-off i.e. Business Requirement Document (&lt;strong&gt;BRD&lt;/strong&gt;) is reviewed and approved and can be referred both by developers and QAs. So as a part of QA team we are assigned with the task of creating test cases as per the BRD, sometimes we have mock-ups to refer and most of the times we don't have any mock-ups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the issue being faced is we are able to create test cases as per BRD, but they are always not enough because BRD covers only the &lt;strong&gt;Happy paths&lt;/strong&gt; or you can say the &lt;strong&gt;positive&lt;/strong&gt; sides of the product i.e. How product is expected to work., it doesn't contain anything about the real world interference of the product or the negative cases. Due to all this, many issues are reported during the dynamic testing phase, when system is actually being used or tested. Such bugs/issues are reported which are not documented at all during the test case creation phase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of all this, test report many a times says test cases are passed (not 100%) but still there are lot of bugs or in easy way many bugs exists at tracker which do not have any Test case ID &lt;strong&gt;(ideally every bug should have a test case ID, may not be 100% but at least 80-90%)&lt;/strong&gt;, to overcome this situation many a times QAs have to create or update test cases according to the bugs (which I know is not a good practice). This problem becomes more severe when we don't have any mock-ups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How such bugs can be captured, using the &lt;strong&gt;Proactive&lt;/strong&gt; approach i.e. create test cases first and during their execution report the bugs (if any) or the approach we are following is fine?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How one can be sure that, only the execution of created (reviewed and approved) test cases will lead to good quality?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As many issues are related to -ve scenarios which are missed in documentation. Either we need to change/update Testing Approach or we need to update the mind set (resource training etc.) for creating test cases. I hope many other manual testers have faced the same issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T05:36:28.787" Title="How to ensure Quality of the product with test cases?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14762" CreationDate="2015-09-17T20:51:20.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not all test cases will derive directly from a requirement. The requirements document is a necessary, but not sufficient basis for test coverage. If there are bugs not linked to test cases, you must try and see if there are paths through the software that are not being tested at all (if this is the case, write a new test case that can &quot;find&quot; the bugs that were orphaned).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14465" LastActivityDate="2015-09-17T20:51:20.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14762" CreationDate="2015-09-18T05:42:47.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Cases from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements Perspective (Functional Cases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implementation Perspective (If Implementation has some Async processing, Queuing, Batch processing, Depending on implementation you can deep dive to cover +ve and -ve implementation cases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support Perspective (Depending on above implementation aspects Supportability, alerting, retry, notification aspects)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer Perspective (Data Migration, User Friendly aspects, Mimic actual customer workflows at every level (agent, store manager, admin, operations etc..)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pair up with dev and do early testing to get better knowledge on above areas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meet customer to get better perspective of different usage patterns for different roles (agent, store manager, admin, operations etc..)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It takes time to build knowledge of product, understand customer expectations and bridge both expectations from QA perspective. This is a recursive excercise with repetitive learnings in building the knowledge and familiarity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are pointers to address key core areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T05:42:47.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14762" CreationDate="2015-09-18T05:46:39.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem is specific on how to handle bugs coming out of -ve testing where there is a lack in -ve test cases.&#xA;As above answer says: all test cases can't be derived from requirements directly, the real world scenarios comes up with the questions you ask from Business Analyst. for that you need develop the attitude of end user to understand the actual usability of the application being developed, once you have that you'll not be bound by the requirement rather you'll be the one who can give a valuable and constructive feedback to Business Analyst and in turn your test cases will have a fair coverage. &#xA;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T05:46:39.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14766" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-18T10:52:17.723" Score="3" ViewCount="1233" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to extract &lt;code&gt;jsessionid&lt;/code&gt; from a sampler's response and reuse it for a third sampler. The sampler in between these two is an independent HTTP request which must not utilize any &lt;code&gt;jsessionid&lt;/code&gt;s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm able to do this &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;manually&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; using a &quot;Regular Expression Extractor&quot; for the first sampler and requesting for &lt;code&gt;jsessionid=${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; in the third sampler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Pg3JX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Pg3JX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'd like to accomplish this using the components specifically engineered for this purpose, like &lt;em&gt;&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-adv-web-test-plan.html#session_url_rewriting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pre Processor &amp;rarr; HTTP URL Re-writing Modifier&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/em&gt; and etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we do URL rewriting for non-subsequent requests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&#xA;&amp;bull; Adding   &quot;HTTP URL Re-writing Modifier&quot; to the third sampler doesn't work, because it will attempt to parse the response from the second sampler instead of the first one.&#xA;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&#xA;&amp;bull; Adding &quot;HTTP URL Re-writing Modifier&quot;  to the second sampler doesn't work too, because while it is able to extract the &lt;code&gt;jsessionid&lt;/code&gt; successfully, it uses that &lt;code&gt;jsessionid&lt;/code&gt; for the second sampler instead of the third one.&#xA;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11978" LastEditorUserId="11978" LastEditDate="2016-01-06T00:30:37.977" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T00:30:37.977" Title="How to do non-subsequent URL rewriting in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14768" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14806" CreationDate="2015-09-18T11:35:57.917" Score="5" ViewCount="902" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a way to downgrade Chrome/Mozilla/Opera. Other than switching between different developer channels, I am not aware of a way to downgrade to a previous stable version of Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please recommend any online tool or explain the procedure how to downgrade it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-09-18T13:57:40.617" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T10:44:29.017" Title="How to downgrade browser versions other than Internet Explorer?" Tags="&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;configuration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14768" CreationDate="2015-09-18T12:30:16.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3785991/can-i-run-multiple-versions-of-google-chrome-on-the-same-machine-mac-or-window&quot;&gt;This SO discussion&lt;/a&gt; recommends:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using different browser versions on different accounts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;creating several installations of a browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T12:30:16.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12102" CreationDate="2015-09-18T12:33:19.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions should definately cover:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimation techniques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risk analysis, impact, probability, mitigation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Planning, approaches, tools, e.x. gantt diagram, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vision, strategy of services/processes improvement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA processes, services&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing strategies, Test documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation and process optimization strategies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Standards (e.g. ISO 9001:2008), test types, awareness of test certifications (ISTQB)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soft skills check, ability to conduct interviews and mentoring activities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T12:33:19.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14771" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-18T12:41:49.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cross browser testing involves checking compatibility of your application across multiple web browsers and ensures that your web application works correctly across different web browsers and their versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-19T06:47:36.103" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T06:47:36.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14772" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-18T12:41:49.280" Score="0" Body="Cross browser testing involves checking compatibility of your application across multiple web browsers and ensures that your web application works correctly across different web browsers and their versions." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-19T06:47:32.100" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T06:47:32.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14773" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-18T13:17:34.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The process of testing to determine the portability of a software product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-19T06:47:28.440" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T06:47:28.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14774" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-18T13:17:34.980" Score="0" Body="The process of testing to determine the portability of a software product." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-19T06:47:40.457" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T06:47:40.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14768" CreationDate="2015-09-18T14:06:27.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Managing multiple browser setups on a single machine sounds like a nightmare.&#xA;Also I wonder how many browsers you really need to support, have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netmarketshare.com/browser-market-share.aspx?qprid=2&amp;amp;qpcustomd=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Browser market share per version&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think services like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/features#features-manual-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/features#features-manual-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testingbot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testingbot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are better suited for your browser testing needs. They offer loads of browser versions to manually or automatically test with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative you could setup a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virtual machine&lt;/a&gt; and install an oldversion of these products in it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For firefox look at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For chrome has a look at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oldversion.com/windows/google-chrome/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.oldversion.com/windows/google-chrome/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of these modern browsers do automatic updates, be sure to disable this after installing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T10:44:29.017" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T10:44:29.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14776" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-18T14:08:52.237" Score="3" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am involved in an effort to write a set of regression test scripts for a point of sale system.  We are using ISO standards such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingstandard.org/part4.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-4&lt;/a&gt; to determine our test techniques.  For various operations I have been applying boundary value analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For one specific operation on the till we can print out type balances (sales, refunds etc).  The lower boundary is well defined as 0.00.  However, the upper boundary is some magic number in the billions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could include a test script to say &quot;test for this stupidly high number&quot;.  However, I know that (through manual testing) it will be a huge effort.  Many of these sub totals are limited in that the transactions have limits in themselves.  For example, the system will only allow refunds of a maximum of 500.00 per transaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can safely assume (by looking at client figures) that something like 99,999.99 would be a more realistic upper boundary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it acceptable to re-define boundaries from functional to testable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should I document the upper boundary as undefined/untestable, and capture a test scenario in some other test analysis approach (such as creating an equivalence class partition of &quot;testable range&quot; or use an &quot;error guessing&quot; approach to make sure such a large number doesn't break the system)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14377" LastEditorUserId="14377" LastEditDate="2015-09-23T08:25:06.477" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T08:25:06.477" Title="How to apply boundary value analysis to a practically unlikely/impossible boundary?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14777" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14878" CreationDate="2015-09-18T14:22:04.657" Score="2" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I handle Java dynamic objects in QTP 11.0? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a smoke test scenario where simple search is performed and the first occurance in JavaTable is selected (by double click) then sub-window opens (JavaWindow). I can add this subwindow to the Object Repository and make any action with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test runs fine until database changes. Then subwindow is opened by clicking on another item (first item has changed) also sub-window name has changed correspondingly to selected item's name. And QTP throws &lt;code&gt;Object not found in object repository&lt;/code&gt; error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the sub-window structure is still the same and basic actions I want to check is the same. How can I handle this situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T10:58:48.277" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T08:35:47.127" Title="How to handle java dynamic objects in QTP?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;qtp-11.0&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14768" CreationDate="2015-09-18T14:39:14.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spoon.net/browsers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this website&lt;/a&gt; i think it is best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or you have to download the older version browser then install and then you have to disable the automatic update and use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or you can use install virtual machine and install specific browser you want in to that VM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T14:39:14.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14776" CreationDate="2015-09-18T14:42:27.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it acceptable to re-define boundaries from functional to testable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing a value that represent a physical property you can safely limit yourself, although it is a good idea to document it somewhere and double check your assumptions (see the first F16 flights at Dead Sea heights of far below 0)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case I would invest this little effort and test this limit, you can never tell where will this piece of code end, or how bad inflation will be making numbers much much higher&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-09-18T14:42:27.260" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14781" CreationDate="2015-09-18T15:11:44.857" Score="1" ViewCount="5539" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've looked at resources like &lt;a href=&quot;http://zsoltfabok.com/blog/2012/09/cucumber-jvm-hooks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;here&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sukesh15.gitbooks.io/cucumber-jvm-test-framework-/content/cucumber_-_more_details/tagged_hooks.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, but these solutions are not working for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to do: without involving much heavy machinery (unless I have to) and without using a third-party service (not an option), I want to run my features/tests against several different browsers without having to manually change the WebDriver initialization. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for instance, I have two test runners right now that look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(Cucumber.class)&#xA;@CucumberOptions(&#xA;    format = {&quot;pretty&quot;, &quot;html:target/html/&quot;},&#xA;    features = {&quot;src/test/resources&quot;},&#xA;    tags = &quot;@Firefox&quot;&#xA;)&#xA;public class FirefoxTest {&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and another test runner for Chrome. I have four feature files that begin like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Chrome @Firefox&#xA;Feature: I want to test this..&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then I have StepDefinition classes that look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Before(&quot;@Firefox&quot;)&#xA;public void setUpFirefox() {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;in page object firefox&quot;);&#xA;    driver = getDriver(&quot;Firefox&quot;);&#xA;    pageObject = PageFactory.initElements(driver, PageObject.class);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Before(&quot;@Chrome&quot;)&#xA;public void setUpChrome() {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;in page object chrome&quot;);&#xA;    driver = getDriver(&quot;Chrome&quot;);&#xA;    pageObject = PageFactory.initElements(driver, PageObject.class);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And an AbstractStepDefinition class that looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class AbstractPageStepDefinitions {&#xA;protected static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;protected WebDriver getDriver(String browser) {&#xA;    //System.out.println(&quot;browser: &quot; + browser);&#xA;    if (driver == null) {&#xA;        if (browser.equals(&quot;Chrome&quot;)) {&#xA;            System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\580782\\Desktop\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;            ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;            options.addArguments(&quot;--start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;            driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if (browser.equals(&quot;Firefox&quot;)) {&#xA;            driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    return driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the Firefox test runner, my System.out.println statements print:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;in page object firefox&#xA;in page object chrome&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is the @Before(&quot;@Chrome&quot;) hook being called in each step definition class when I specify with @CucumberOptions( tags = &quot;@Firefox&quot; )?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14399" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T12:45:57.807" Title="Using tagged hooks to run tests with different browsers" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14780" CreationDate="2015-09-18T15:39:24.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because you are using the tags (@Chrome and @Firefox) at the beginning of your feature file (Feature). And both of them will be executed for each scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another solution is to switch between the browsers via your job configurations  and system property i.e. each job executes some scenarios for a specific browser. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Before(&quot;@web&quot;)&#xA;    public void beforeScenario() {&#xA;        LOG.info(&quot;BeforeScenario in hook: initializing WebDriver&quot;);&#xA;        initContext();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;........&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void initContext() {&#xA;&#xA;        String browser = System.getProperty(&quot;browser&quot;, &quot;local&quot;);&#xA;        if (browser.equals(&quot;firefox&quot;)) {&#xA;            Capabilities caps = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;            try {&#xA;                context = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(hubUrl), caps);&#xA;            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {&#xA;                throw new RuntimeException(&quot;Something wrong with hub url &quot; + hubUrl);&#xA;            }&#xA;        } else if (browser.equals(&quot;chrome&quot;)) .....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you set what browser you desire in your system property via job configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2015-09-21T12:45:57.807" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T12:45:57.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14717" CreationDate="2015-09-18T16:52:07.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why do you not use following:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;repo.selectByVisibleText('\keur\BVGO');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='selectrepo']/option[text()='\keur\BVGO']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only single quotes disables interpolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11200" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T13:09:48.020" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T13:09:48.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14466" CreationDate="2015-09-19T17:41:36.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would rate each of these improvements on 2 dimensions: &#xA;- The impact to quality if it was implemented&#xA;- The ease/quickness/cost that the improvement can be implemented&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have any high impact, easy to do items - those are your first priorities. Otherwise, you might want to take the highest from each category.  (one easy, one high impact)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably already have some idea of the improvements that your stakeholders are looking for.  For example: better delivered quality, faster performance, faster/more efficient development cycle, better reliability/availability, etc.   These areas can help you identify which of your ideas will have greater impact. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, for better delivered quality, perhaps unit testing would have a high impact.  For better availability, maybe monitoring. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the cost (or time) to implement, your list looks like its mostly filled with ideas for new development, or lots of rework. The monitoring idea could be put in place without developing new code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2015-09-19T17:41:36.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14766" CreationDate="2015-09-20T08:06:35.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs-repository.info/2014/07/understanding-jsessionid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSESSIONID is usually a cookie&lt;/a&gt; so you can use JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cookie-manager-jmeter-not-cookie-jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to refer its value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;code&gt;CookieManager.save.cookies=true&lt;/code&gt; line to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (it resides under /bin folder of your JMeter installation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add HTTP Cookie Manager to your Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Restart JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refer &quot;jsessionid&quot; value as &lt;code&gt;${COOKIE_JSESSIONID}&lt;/code&gt; where required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-20T08:06:35.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14788" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14790" CreationDate="2015-09-21T10:43:07.680" Score="10" ViewCount="93671" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to selenium and HTML. I want to perform click operation for the elements &quot;Users&quot; and &quot;Admins&quot; as one after another. Below mentioned is the HTML code, unfortunately I can't modify it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul id=&quot;nav&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a class=&quot;mainmenu&quot; title=&quot;List of Users&quot; menuid=&quot;nav_0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;title&quot;&amp;gt;Users&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;arrow&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;ul class=&quot;sub-menu&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;a class=&quot;mainmenu&quot; title=&quot;List of Admins&quot; menuid=&quot;nav_0-sub_0&quot;&amp;gt;Admins&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a class=&quot;mainmenu&quot; title=&quot;List of Contents&quot; menuid=&quot;nav_1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;title&quot;&amp;gt;Contents&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a class=&quot;mainmenu&quot; title=&quot;Repos&quot; menuid=&quot;nav_2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;title&quot;&amp;gt;Repository&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;       &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used XPath like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='nav']/li[1]/a[contains(@title, 'List of Users'] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other ways to get the element like matching the text value? Because the list elements order is dynamic, so the current position of the element &quot;Users&quot;(&lt;code&gt;li[1]&lt;/code&gt;) might get change later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13277" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2018-11-30T20:57:55.843" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T08:22:11.210" Title="Webdriver: How to find the element using text() in xpath?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14788" CreationDate="2015-09-21T11:00:43.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per given description, it seems that list of users will be maintained in HTML's List Item having common title=List of Users. So you can use something like below code to click on dynamic list items(here, users).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; Userlist = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;a[title='List of Users']&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;for(WebElement ulist : Userlist)&#xA;{&#xA;    //Do your action, e.g. click() with each user name.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14297" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2018-11-30T20:57:50.793" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T20:57:50.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14776" CreationDate="2015-09-21T11:53:59.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a situation where a set of test data designed specifically for unusual/rare test scenarios comes in handy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way I'd deal with your situation is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up two or more extremely high-priced items (preferably at a little under the maximum allowed price for a single item in the system).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your POS system allows quantity limits, ensure the high-priced items do not have quantity limits.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can turn off transaction size limits, turn off transaction size limits.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explore any keyboard shortcuts your application offers for transactions - you may be able to perform an auto-add or similar operation by holding down a key: I've done this to quickly generate a mass of transactions in a system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that set of basic configuration in place, you should be able to determine whether it's feasible to test the maximum limits and the likelihood of them being encountered in real-world scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T11:53:59.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14793" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-21T13:23:35.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Report is a document summarizing testing activities and results (final or produced at regular intervals, to report progress of testing activities against a baseline). It also contains an evaluation of the corresponding test items against exit criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-09-23T22:03:37.637" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T22:03:37.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14794" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-21T13:23:35.120" Score="0" Body="Text Report is a document summarizing testing activities and results (final or produced at regular intervals, to report progress of testing activities against a baseline). It may also contain an evaluation of the corresponding test items against exit criteria." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="166" LastEditDate="2015-09-27T23:46:29.210" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T23:46:29.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7754" CreationDate="2015-09-21T13:24:22.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately I cannot help you with installing Jenkins (though I don't think it's really difficult) because in my case I already had it installed by DevOps people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But creating a new job that runs your automated tests is not a big deal. Before doing this please check following things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you want Jenkins to show fancy graphs with tests results (without this there is probably not much sense in setting up this job) you need to be sure that the tool/framework you use is capable of saving the test results to the XML files with special structure recognised by Jenkins/Hudson. Some of the tools have this support out of the box, for some others you will have to install additional libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To login on the remote server and execute scripts there you need an SSH access to that server and you need to add those credentials to the settings of Jenkins. For this, open '/configure' URL in Jenkins and find 'SSH remote hosts' session. Click 'Add' button to add new credentials and don't forget to save the settings afterwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You MIGHT have issues with one machine not capable to login to another via SSH because of missing certificates, so you need to double-check this with your system administrators/DevOps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this, do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hit the 'New item' button on the left side of Jenkins main page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Choose 'New freestyle project'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the top, enter project name and description&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Scroll down and click 'Add build step' button. Select 'Execute shell script on remote host using ssh'. In 'SSH site' drop-down, select your SSH credentials and enter the command in 'Command' field. In my case, I had a bash script which spins up a vagrant machine that checks out the latest test version and runs them against another server. The commands in my case are looking like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cd /var/acceptance-tests/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;./ci-main-acceptance-tests.sh&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sshpass -p &amp;quot;password&amp;quot; scp -r /var/acceptance-tests/output 192.168.40.14:$WORKSPACE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With first command I navigate to the folder with bash script, then I run it and with the last command I copy the results in XML to the server where Jenkins is located (unfortunately I don't know better way to do it other than using sshpass util and in this case I need to write a password in plain text).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click 'Add post-build action' and choose 'Publish JUnit test result report'. For the example, above 'Test report XMLs' field value would be '\output*.xml'. Check 'Retain long standard output/error' checkbox as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's basically all (in this example I'm not covering additional settings you may change in the job).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14489" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T13:24:22.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14796" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-21T13:36:50.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; is an open source test automation framework for use with native, hybrid and mobile web apps. It drives iOS and Android apps using the WebDriver protocol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T18:24:28.937" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T18:24:28.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14797" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-21T13:36:50.767" Score="0" Body="Appium is an open source test automation framework for use with native, hybrid and mobile web apps. It drives iOS and Android apps using the WebDriver protocol." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-27T23:46:58.910" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T23:46:58.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14798" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-21T13:38:12.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; is an open-source tool for Visual Automation and Testing developed at MIT using images to locate GUI elements on the screen and allows to act on them with mouse and keyboard, uses Jython as scripting language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T01:22:33.957" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T01:22:33.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14799" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-21T13:38:12.867" Score="0" Body="Sikuli is an open-source tool for Visual Automation and Testing developed at MIT using images to locate GUI elements on the screen and allows to act on them with mouse and keyboard, uses Jython as scripting language." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-21T16:17:31.460" LastActivityDate="2015-09-21T16:17:31.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14800" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-21T14:33:34.783" Score="4" ViewCount="452" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are looking to measure the length of time it takes for certain key pathways to become 'usable' e.g. certain styling elements will have loaded in and some information ajaxed in on a page. Ideally this could be automated as we currently monitor load times in browser in a manual fashion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The amount of load is not of primary importance in these tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written JMeter tests for load, but JMeter does not natively measure the time it takes for ajax requests etc. I have also looked at Gatling briefly, but am unfamiliar with scala.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am aware of the JMeter WebDriver plugin, but have also heard that selenium is not good for these kind of tests, as it can add load to the server itself, skewing results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14374" LastEditorUserId="14374" LastEditDate="2015-09-21T15:59:35.103" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T13:14:03.063" Title="What tools are recommended for end to end page load time testing (including ajax and styling elements)?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14800" CreationDate="2015-09-21T15:03:00.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are familiar with &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt;, the you should use the same for load testing the Ajax enriched web applications. You need to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-ajaxxhr-enabled-sites-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;JSR223 Sampler&quot;&lt;/a&gt; for this purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also go for the licensed tools like VSTS, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neotys.com/product/technologies-web-application-load-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Neoload&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/Products/Software-Testing/Performance-Testing/Silk-Performer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Silk Performer&lt;/a&gt; and Load Runner (very expensive).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T15:56:17.287" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T15:56:17.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12400" CreationDate="2015-09-22T02:03:23.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am only using Selenium WebDriver with Java so I cannot answer your question about JS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But with Java, you can generate your own HTML reports using one of the JUNIT classes, &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.czweb.org/apidocs/org/junit/rules/TestWatcher.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestWatcher&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestWatcher allows you to override the failed() and succeeded() JUNIT methods that are called automatically when a test passes or fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also override the starting() and finished() JUNIT methods that are called automatically when a test is about to start and when it finishes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since TestWatcher is a JUNIT class, I hope that you can use it from JavaScript as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in some code examples, please see this article:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.ca/2015/09/how-to-generate-selenium-webdriver-html-report.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How To Generate SELENIUM HTML reports&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13242" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T02:03:23.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11727" CreationDate="2015-09-22T05:16:31.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can describe a little about my experience of developing a tool used on android mobile, it may help you in finding a way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what I did, I created an app on android which used to browse the URL and play advertisements on it and perform some actions using javascript. For that, I first understood what is android life cycle and how to capture events in android. On events, I wrote my code using javascript to perform actions and validations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example may give you how you can proceed on building a tool provided you've already analyzed what you actually want to test.&#xA;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastEditorUserId="21451" LastEditDate="2018-10-29T00:43:47.943" LastActivityDate="2018-10-29T00:43:47.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14768" CreationDate="2015-09-22T06:36:17.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are online services that provide access to older browser versions (Chrome, Firefox, IE, ...) like &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingbot.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testingbot&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To download older versions of Chrome, try this URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chrome-unsigned/desktop-W15K3Y/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chrome-unsigned/desktop-W15K3Y/&lt;/a&gt;$version/win/chrome-win.zip&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14506" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T06:36:17.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11727" CreationDate="2015-09-22T07:59:23.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In one sentence, ADB and UI Automator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a few more words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADB is your bridge into Android, you can actually run Linux shell commands ON the device, start activities, launch intents and even send key events. ADB is run from the command line, but this means you can easily integrate it into your favorite programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI Automator deals with the UI itself, you can analyze the structure of the application and send user responses to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;many tools are based on those elements, so I suppose they are the best way to start with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="21451" LastEditDate="2018-10-29T00:43:54.183" LastActivityDate="2018-10-29T00:43:54.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14808" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-22T08:01:20.920" Score="7" ViewCount="904" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using appium 1.4.8 on mac and I'm automating native app using selenium. I am stuck in a situation where I need to tap each element in a list. I wrote below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List allKeywords=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//UIAApplication[1]/UIAWindow[2]/UIATableView[]/&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;TEST TAPS ON THE EVENT SENT BY EXCEL SUCCESSFULLY &quot;+allKeywords.size());&#xA;&#xA;for(int j=0; j&amp;lt;=allKeywords.size(); j++){&#xA;&#xA;    try{&#xA;        Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;        allKeywords.get(j).click();&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;TEST TAPS ON THE EACH KEYWORDS &quot;);      &#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    catch(WebDriverException e ){&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        captureScreenshot(driver, &quot;tagsTappingImg&quot;);    &#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;}   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am getting an error message :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 772 milliseconds.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This error is shown when control tries to tap on next to the first element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-05-08T10:13:37.647" LastActivityDate="2021-02-02T14:01:00.357" Title="Getting web driver exception message while tapping list elements using appium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14800" CreationDate="2015-09-22T08:41:16.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the amount of load is not important and you only want to know which elements in your webpage are consuming more time (from a single client perspective) you could take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://yslow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YSlow&lt;/a&gt;. It also gives you recommendations on how to improve your load time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you need to check this within stress conditions, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/Products/Software-Testing/Performance-Testing/Silk-Performer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Silk Performer&lt;/a&gt;'s TrueLog includes very similar page statistics and recommendations, from DNS lookup to AJAX requests and object rendering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9180" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T08:41:16.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14808" CreationDate="2015-09-22T08:47:03.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to cast the list element in Web Element. As below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;allKeywords=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//UIAApplication[1]/UIAWindow[2]/UIATableView[]/&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14297" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T08:47:03.447" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-22T12:41:56.310" Score="3" ViewCount="456" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently started a project in which all testing has been done with zero documentation.  I need to start creating a Regression suite and propose it to my manager.  I have done regression testing earlier, but I have never put together such a document.  What do I absolutely need to include and what should I include, any tips or templates would help greatly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14510" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T13:07:19.420" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:59:28.930" Title="Regression Proposal for project with zero testing documentation" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14812" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-22T12:53:12.123" Score="0" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked this question in an interview. Please share your opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The interviewer asked me &quot;what's difference between system test and system integration test&quot;. I gave the below answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Test&lt;/strong&gt; – The process of testing an integrated system to verify that it meets specified requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Integration Test&lt;/strong&gt; – Testing the integration of systems and packages; testing interfaces to external organizations (e.g. Electronic Data Interchange, Internet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then he asked me &quot;what's the difference between automated system test and automated system integration test?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14511" LastEditorUserId="14511" LastEditDate="2015-09-23T10:41:12.973" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T10:41:12.973" Title="what's the difference between automated system test and automated system integration test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-09-23T22:59:57.053" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14812" CreationDate="2015-09-22T13:01:33.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hopefully your interviewer understood that there are no universal definitions for those terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is one interpretation.  A &lt;strong&gt;system test&lt;/strong&gt; exercises an entire system, focusing on common workflows rather than edge conditions.  Sometimes people refer to individual parts of a system test as an &lt;strong&gt;end-to-end&lt;/strong&gt; test.  An &lt;strong&gt;integration test&lt;/strong&gt; exercises interactions between specific components (possibly including external systems that you do not control).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;System tests are for testing the most important parts of an entire system.  Integration tests are for testing the developers' assumptions about how components interact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I left out the word &quot;automated&quot; out of that answer because it doesn't change the distinction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T18:49:09.573" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T18:49:09.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14402" CreationDate="2015-09-22T13:49:11.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This will depend on what level you are testing.  As you have tagged the question as manual testing I will assume you are testing functionality that will be available to a client/user.  In that case you need to be testing on the release build because this is exactly what the client/user will be running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The debug build is a system in transition.  It serves use to the developer as they can step through code line by line.  The debug can do things differently (as you have said in the OP).  The developers should never be handing over a debug build expecting a tester to sign off as &quot;ready for release&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly early in a cycle a developer can hand over a debug build for a sanity check or precursor to a bigger release.  This can help testers flag issues earlier than waiting for a release-ready build.  Like I said above, I would never recommend to sign off on a debug build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14377" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T13:49:11.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14816" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-22T14:05:28.187" Score="1" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using Equivalence Class Partitioning to generate test cases you need to choose appropriate test data (such as input values) based on your partitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I care about other test scripts generated by other means when generating my test data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I create some linkage in my documentation so that the same inputs are avoided across different scripts?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I avoid common entry that would appear in use cases?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I avoid boundary values that would appear in test cases generated from boundary value analysis?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, is there an overwhelming argument of making these test scripts completely independent and therefore not worrying about the test cases in other scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14377" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T20:26:05.013" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T20:26:05.013" Title="How to choose appropriate test data for equivalence class partitions?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14811" CreationDate="2015-09-22T14:32:32.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;some good ideas can be found in &lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/posters/TheTestEye_SourcesForTestIdeas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;37 Sources for Test Ideas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;some highlights- look for similar products and similarities in other products, what are the business needs and goals, official standards and de facto standards, and most important think like a user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T14:32:32.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14811" CreationDate="2015-09-22T15:11:43.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say, there is no definite answer to that. The task you have is quite creative and you will have to improvise but here are few thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with some essential and common features like login/logout, reset password, user registration etc. and add them to the regression suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk to the people in your team, especially product people. Try to determine what are the essential user journeys in your product, go through them and create tests cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If that's possible, try to look at the bugs history for the project to see where most of the critical/high priority bugs occur&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14489" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T17:42:52.227" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:42:52.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14800" CreationDate="2015-09-22T15:18:09.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;None of the load testing tools will execute JavaScript. So the choices are in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://yslow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YSlow&lt;/a&gt; - for semi-automated checks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; - for fully automated checks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter + &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; if you later plan to convert your test into a load test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T15:18:09.233" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-22T17:46:32.840" Score="2" ViewCount="378" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm somewhat new to automated testing and this is a general testing design question based on my current project: A client has a question/answer tool in Excel that is being ported over to a jekyll/javascript site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different questions lead to different answers, i.e. a decision tree. One such question/answer test has a large decision tree and as such, the cucumber feature file for this section is large (including comments, of which there are many, 1500 lines). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have many java methods (i.e., there are only a handful of different gherkin lines). The feature files read like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;When I read &quot;some text here&quot;&#xA;Then I answer &quot;Yes&quot;&#xA;When I read &quot;this new text&quot;&#xA;Then I answer &quot;No&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on. I realize, because of the limited number of answers, I can replace&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Then I answer &quot;Yes&quot; with&#xA;&#xA;Then I answer Yes or Then I answer No&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And at the end of these question/answer, the tool responds with a wall of text, many of which repeat (and some &quot;fragments&quot; are repeated in almost every scenario). So I can hard code the text fragments into page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm getting to, though: how do I improve upon this design? Even with the improvements (storing common phrases in methods), I have a feature file that is 1500 lines long (all the scenarios are related to one tool / &quot;view&quot;). The decision tree will have been extracted to yaml files, and I'm wondering if it would make sense to have minimal java methods and create scenarios from parsing the yaml? Or When each page object is created, read a yaml file with specific text that it should contain? As it is, I think my tests are brittle (i.e., have to be changed if the language of a question or answer is changed); but I have to test for specific language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14399" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T18:21:37.613" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T17:18:33.833" Title="International + locale automation : Is this good practice to load large amount of data into cucumber / selenium via yaml files for test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14811" CreationDate="2015-09-22T17:59:28.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other suggestions here are good ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some additional thoughts from my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Format matters less than content: if you and your manager have something you can work with, you have enough to start with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You don't want to try to cover everything from the start. You're new to the project: you don't have enough context to cover everything.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your first priority for regression is the critical functionality and anything you need to access the critical functionality (in other words, don't sweat log on/log off - you'll cover that while you're testing critical functions for your customers).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with a high level description of the functionality you're looking at: &quot;non-taxed transactions&quot; might be an example. Or &quot;delete a product&quot;. You can always add more information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For manual regression, I recommend keeping it as light and simple as you possibly can. Humans get tired and lose focus no matter how dedicated they are.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will need to know the most used configuration settings. These will be the core of your manual regression tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Long term, look to identify potential automation candidates and potential expanded regression candidates. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You want to work towards a multi-tier regression suite: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a short regression smoke test that covers the most critical items (manual)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a longer manual regression suite that can be used when there's a need in a particularly fragile part of the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a set of automated regression suites run on a regular basis that you expect to always pass and are continually monitoring to make sure they're still relevant and are constantly adding new tests to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a set of specialized automation regression suites that may require a very long run-time but provide exhaustive checking of crucial parts of the system (such as tax calculations). These can be used when the calculation engines change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T17:59:28.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14823" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-22T18:55:44.923" Score="2" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a newbie in software testing and I got some questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I improve my skills in software testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any game or something similar that I can learn, which in turn can improve my ability in software testing? For instance in computer programming you can improve the logical way of thinking by playing chess.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9176" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-22T20:07:27.840" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T03:20:14.353" Title="Advice in Software Testing" Tags="&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-09-23T23:06:22.490" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14823" CreationDate="2015-09-22T19:13:11.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can I improve my skills in software testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/13228/11015&quot;&gt;books&lt;/a&gt; and resources online. I have found Wikipedia is apt for covering things at high levels (search for &quot;Software Testing&quot; and read every referenced page). Beyond that nothing compares to real world experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any game or something similar that I can learn which in turn can improve my ability in testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't found anything like this (there are 'games' on GitHub to test your Git knowledge, for example). I would say try to cheat at games by looking for and exploiting bugs. Like how people &quot;dupe&quot; items in online games. Really, the QA mindset is &quot;how can I change the inputs or processes to come up with a result the dev's didn't think about&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T20:09:00.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14823" CreationDate="2015-09-22T20:05:16.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing you can do is to come up with edge use cases for your application: entering very large or very small values, submitting null values, clicking a button repeatedly, etc. To measure your improvement you should make a list with brief descriptions of the tests you will run and keep track of the results you are getting. As you do this more and more you will develop an intuition for the type of steps that will lead to discoveries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14515" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T20:05:16.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14816" CreationDate="2015-09-22T20:22:55.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should I create some linkage in my documentation so that the same&#xA;  inputs are avoided across different scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you should create the same to avoid repetition of input data and expected results. Doing this your number of test cases will get reduced to required value, this will save you execution time and test case maintenance effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should I avoid common entry that would appear in use cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a practice of Equivalence Partitioning, your values should not overlap i.e. when partitioning is done, none of the value should be in multiple partitions or groups. Each partition will have its own set of unique values valid for that partition only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should I avoid boundary values that would appear in test cases&#xA;  generated from boundary value analysis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should consider these values too, as for the complete and effective testing Boundary values should also be tested. Equivalence partitioning and Boundary value analysis are closely related and can be used together at all levels of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend to go through this link for a good example of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/equivalence-partitioning-boundary-value-analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Equivalence Partitioning testing.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-22T20:22:55.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14749" CreationDate="2015-09-23T00:00:37.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You said you're using the Page object model to separate your Web code from your orchestration and assertions. Let's not lose that good design principal when designing this test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you haven't already, abstract a table on your Web page into a collection (eg string[]) on your page object. Find out how to check a string[] is alphabetically ordered, which your assertion code will have to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The complex part is that the data lives on multiple pages. You're going to have to move through each page, appending string[]'s, until you have all the data and can make assertion. It's a close run thing, but I'm leaning towards saying this navigate-append goes in the page object, as pageanation of this data seems more Web related than an interesting characteristic of the info on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T00:00:37.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14823" CreationDate="2015-09-23T03:20:14.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a newbie in this field, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First of all you need to be clear on the basic concepts. There are hell lot of links and wonderful blogs by guru's of this field. You just need to search and understand what they've mentioned. You'll find some very &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13228/a-book-giving-the-whole-picture-of-software-testing-with-no-in-depth-details&quot;&gt;links&lt;/a&gt; here on SQA Stack Exchange.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you're working for a firm or company, &lt;strong&gt;try to understand&lt;/strong&gt;- what you've learnt from point 1, how is it applied in daily QA and testing process. This will give you the real world idea of what you learnt from point above.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;While doing point 2, try to understand, &lt;strong&gt;HOW&lt;/strong&gt; the process it working and question WHY is it working that way (this is my way of working btw). Questioning &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, will help you the understanding correct flow ,of how the system under test, is working and this will enable you to understand, the risks and potential threat areas. Questioning &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; intrigues you to try and approach the flow with a different perspective (sometimes with a negative mindset to break the system).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you're assigned a testing task, first understand &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;what is there to test&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Many times people deviate from this and end up doing what they were not asked to do.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Improve your &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;communication skills&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; while you work on a bug or a defect, especially, when you are presenting one. Most testers don't emphasize on this, but this is a really important skill, that you can learn right away. It is very important for a tester to be precise and be clear about what he wants to state.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any game or something similar that I can learn, which in turn can improve my ability in software testing? For instance in computer programming you can improve the logical way of thinking by playing chess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go with what Kirbycope has said. Try exploiting the cheats and if you're successful in one, just don't stop at that. Try to see &lt;strong&gt;WHY&lt;/strong&gt; that cheat is there in first place. What went wrong? What point did the flaw came? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T03:20:14.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14831" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14832" CreationDate="2015-09-23T05:30:26.067" Score="1" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to press function keys like F12 using selenium (java). Please help me in this.&#xA;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13208" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T06:29:29.107" Title="Function Key issue with selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-09-23T21:54:34.470" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14831" CreationDate="2015-09-23T06:29:29.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;you can easily do that using:&#xA;Robot rt = new Robot();&#xA;rt.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_F12);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T06:29:29.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14788" CreationDate="2015-09-23T06:36:43.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try creating xpath with &lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[contains(text(),'Users')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[contains(text(),'Contents')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6489" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2018-09-17T23:56:01.447" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T23:56:01.447" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14835" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-23T08:45:32.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing performed to exercise the interfaces and interactions between integrated components or systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-23T11:20:53.823" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T11:20:53.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14836" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-23T08:45:32.757" Score="0" Body="Testing performed to expose defects in the interfaces and in the interactions between integrated components or systems." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-27T23:45:43.137" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T23:45:43.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14837" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-23T10:17:37.583" Score="6" ViewCount="94697" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Scroll element in the page is actually a div with scroll bound to it. Here is the HTML snippet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;slimScrollBar&quot; style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0%  rgb(137, 137, 137); width: 12px; position: absolute; border-radius: 0px; z-index: 99; right: 1px; top: -13px; opacity: 0.6; height: 224.835px; display: block;&quot;/&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried with the following code, but it didn't  work out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement scrollArea = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.slimScrollBar&quot;));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; &#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollTop = arguments[1];&quot;,scrollArea, 250); &#xA;Thread.sleep(1000); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help is appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13277" LastEditorUserId="14388" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T13:14:22.300" LastActivityDate="2020-02-20T10:46:43.237" Title="Webdriver : How to perform scroll down an element (example div) using selenium?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2015-09-23T10:41:15.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest Python as it is very easy to learn. If you are going to use Selenium webdriver then you can go through the documentation and sample code at &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13178" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T10:41:15.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14839" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-23T10:59:19.463" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-09-23T10:59:19.463" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T10:59:19.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14840" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-23T10:59:19.463" Score="0" Body="Process used by automation testing tools to reproduce actions performed by user during test sessions." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-23T22:03:48.980" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T22:03:48.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13884" CreationDate="2015-09-23T14:08:35.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Niels said, Kanban serves a process management by visualization,&#xA;while bug tracker is meant to track specific aspects of a certain, not-visualized process. &#xA;I think, that this does not necessarily mean that one cannot use kanban for bug tracking, does it? Reason I think so is, because I do it.&#xA;I'm a &lt;a href=&quot;http://kanbantool.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;kanban tool&lt;/a&gt; user, and have a couple of different boards. One for general process management, one for bug tracking, one for maintenance work. Works great for all instances. &#xA;Kanban is just very flexible. Hope this is of help also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14530" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T14:08:35.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14848" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-23T20:20:53.843" Score="1" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;To do automation testing using Test Manager and Visual Studio Coded UI Test Project, should the web application be built in .NET technologies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14534" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:02:53.197" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:02:53.197" Title="Should the web application be built using microsoft technologies to do Automated testing in Test Manger" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14849" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-23T22:08:46.490" Score="2" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have Test Manager 2013 installed in my laptop. When I click on Testing Center - Test - I don't see &quot;Do Exploratory Testing&quot; option on it. I only see Run tests, Analyze Test runs, Verify Bugs but when I see videos on youtube they have more options. Why is that ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14538" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-25T08:34:54.693" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T09:09:56.853" Title="I don't see Do Exploratory Testing in my Test Manager 2013" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14378" CreationDate="2015-09-23T22:56:47.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I'd want to take a step back from what questions, and figure out &quot;what kind of information do I need?&quot;, before I figure out how to get it. I'd be asking myself questions like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What responsibilities does this person have? Are they expected to give a ship/no ship decision, or just to inform it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What skills do they need in order to get that work done? How much coaching of others would they be expected to do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who will they need to work with?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does the team currently work? Are they expected to change that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much support are we able to give initially?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on. Johanna Rothman has &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jrothman.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/HiringGeeksThatFitTemplates.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a fantastic template for doing a job analysis&lt;/a&gt;. You can timebox it to half an hour, it doesn't have to take forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One important question: is this person actually a manager in all but name? Sometimes companies try to get someone cheap (though I actually don't agree that managers should always be paid more than team members). If this person &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; going to be a line manager, then there is one question that may be very revealing: &quot;Have you ever had to fire anyone?&quot; It may put people off taking your job, but at least candidates who aren't willing to admit that management is all about making hard decisions will filter themselves out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2015-09-23T22:56:47.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14851" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14853" CreationDate="2015-09-24T04:25:44.887" Score="1" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to identify whether the site is developed in PHP or Dot Net from QA Point of view?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main purpose of asking the question was to know if there is any difference which a QA can make out just by looking at the site. It does not matter whether the site is developed in PHP or Dot Net, but the thought behind asking the question was to know the ways with which a QA person can identify it without checking the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are some ways with which we can identify it, what are they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14539" LastEditorUserId="14539" LastEditDate="2015-09-25T04:20:12.943" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T04:20:12.943" Title="Difference between PHP and Dot Net from QA Point of view" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2015-09-24T22:58:11.560" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14852" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14879" CreationDate="2015-09-24T05:04:21.693" Score="1" ViewCount="624" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to execute code as shown below. But the error prompted is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException:]A new session could not be created. (No app set; either start appium with --app or pass in an 'app' value in desired capabilities, or set androidPackage to launch pre-existing app on device)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have installed an app and trying to perform some actions like entering the username, password etc. But I am unable to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I include &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;File app = new File(&quot;apk location&quot;), caps.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, app.getAbsolutePath())&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to execute the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am unable to perform actions on the already installed app. Can anybody provide the solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&#xA;&#xA;public void configurationSettings() throws MalformedURLException{&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;    caps.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;    caps.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;    caps.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;4.4.2&quot;);&#xA;    caps.setCapability(&quot;packageName&quot;, &quot;com.example.hybridtestapp&quot;);&#xA;    caps.setCapability(&quot;activityName&quot;, &quot;com.example.hybridtestapp.MainActivity&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), caps);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void hybridAppFunc(){&#xA;    List &amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; all = driver.findElementsByClassName(&quot;android.widget.EditText&quot;);&#xA;    all.get(0).sendKeys(&quot;appium user&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@AfterClass&#xA;public void closeApp(){&#xA;    driver.closeApp();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-24T13:28:13.493" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T12:48:04.850" Title="Unable to perform the actions on already installed app in android" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14851" CreationDate="2015-09-24T09:21:45.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In ASP.NET websites you can usually find two hidden controls on every page named &lt;code&gt;__VIEWSTATE&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;__EVENTVALIDATION&lt;/code&gt;. Keep that in mind if you are executing performance tests, because these parameters can be very tricky and you will probably need to manually correlate them in order not to lose session control. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, dynamic controls created on ASP.NET pages usually have names like &lt;code&gt;ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_myTextBox&lt;/code&gt;, where &quot;myTextBox&quot; is the name given by the programmer, &quot;ContentPlaceHolder1&quot; relates to the area where it is included and &quot;ct100&quot; is the default prefix inserted by .NET engine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9180" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T09:21:45.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14871" CreationDate="2015-09-24T09:36:23.720" Score="0" ViewCount="737" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I insert this collection of objects into a single value? (for a POST request)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;data&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;Idtest&quot;: 1,&#xA;    &quot;Nametest&quot;: &quot;test&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;OBJECT&quot; : {&#xA;                  &quot;ID&quot;:1,&#xA;                   &quot;NameTest&quot;: &quot;BLA&quot;&#xA;                }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The parameter is: OBJECT.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And I want to insert in a value field this collection: {&quot;ID&quot;:1,&#xA;&quot;NameTest&quot;: &quot;BLA&quot; }&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this step possible in SOAPUI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14544" LastEditorUserId="14544" LastEditDate="2015-09-24T09:42:29.477" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T20:14:53.287" Title="SOAPUI - Insert a collection of objects in a single value field" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12389" CreationDate="2015-09-24T09:46:57.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there is no such tool to server your need, because your need it not optimized. Obviously there is a critical testability issue in your application. I suggest you to talk to the developers of the application, ask them to provide automation hooks for you. One of the option is to expose the DOM or HTML COM objects to test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4993" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T09:46:57.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14459" CreationDate="2015-09-24T09:55:55.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, this is very old, but the answers in here are focusing only in language independently that he said he wanted to use appium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your devs had a clear preference, then go with that, if not, then I would say go with java, because the java-client its kept more updated and the community using java is way bigger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;python client: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/python-client&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/appium/python-client&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;java client: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/java-client&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/appium/java-client&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Community forum: &lt;a href=&quot;https://discuss.appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://discuss.appium.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11392" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T09:55:55.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14858" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-24T10:00:58.960" Score="2" ViewCount="1115" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this line, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;importbutton&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is throwing exception: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with Command duration or timeout: 20.08 seconds.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is the html code for above,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;text-center msg&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn-w center-block btn btn-default reveal&quot; ng-click=&quot;gplus_login()&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; name=&quot;importbutton&quot;&amp;gt;Import Gmail Contacts&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14546" LastEditorUserId="14388" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T13:14:16.873" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T13:14:16.873" Title="Unable to click on button" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14858" CreationDate="2015-09-24T10:21:23.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Include an implicit or explicit (favorably, the later), before this click statement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an example of how you use &lt;strong&gt;Explicit wait&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebdriverWait wait1= new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;WebElement ele= wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityof(elementtobechecked);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then include your click statement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver. findElement(By.name(&quot;importbutton&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use &lt;strong&gt;implicit wait&lt;/strong&gt; (which I wouldn't recommend), then you can use :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the Selenium documentation to refer more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a good &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-webdriver-waits-selenium-tutorial-15/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T10:21:23.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14860" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-24T10:28:46.187" Score="3" ViewCount="4800" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two CSV files which I need to use in a loop. I am using jp@gc - Variables from CSV file. The contents are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;File #1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File successfuly parsed, 10 variables found:&#xA;${1} = e79d29ec-f356-4682-b601-fa6b41c1b40a&#xA;${2} = b0c4c235-60c4-462b-bab4-89e65da8e00c&#xA;..........&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;File #2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File successfuly parsed, 10 variables found:&#xA;${0} = 88F6470E3E45921AEC8240A4A1C837F323C96E5DB8D06F959A42CE068E5D6477&#xA;${1} = 2A2EE03FA798D359963C47F6DB97194BB2F6E053489DBE1539367697679E2D5E&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a couple of of HTTP requests which will use these values, for each run every request has to take a new value from the CSV file. I have tried using the logic controllers with no luck. Anyone who had success with something similar willing to help me out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14549" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:06:29.350" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T04:17:47.813" Title="JMeter looping through CSV" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14858" CreationDate="2015-09-24T12:11:53.210" Score="-1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    if(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;importbutton&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;    system.out.Println(&quot;test passed&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;importbutton&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Else&#xA;    system.out.Println(&quot;test Fail&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this you might get Successs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2015-09-25T04:50:30.923" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T04:50:30.923" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14864" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14881" CreationDate="2015-09-24T13:11:45.283" Score="3" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a machine-learning invention that can be applied in the narrow field in which I work (mainframe system programming). My English is not supreme but I need to define what I am working on (for marketing and documentation purposes) very business-y and correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me explain what is the thing I am looking a word (or expression) for:&#xA;We have 500 tests that are run in parallel. They aim at simulating a typical mainframe load while the testware sniffs for a system failure. &#xA;Once a system failure occurs, the current modus operandi is that I, MANUALLY, try to reduce the 500 test set to a subset (I call it &quot;the special mix&quot;) that will reproduce the problem but with less noise and less functionality being tried (leading to faster root cause analysis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence, I am looking for the &quot;test or tests that, when run, causes the system failure&quot;... Well, the test doesn't &quot;cause&quot; the failure... The system developer allowed the logical error into the code...&#xA;&quot;Relevant&quot; also doesn't work... All the tests are relevant :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best I have right now: &quot;exact scope subset that reproduces the failure&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14552" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:51:55.913" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:51:55.913" Title="What is a good word for: &quot;A test that, when executed, successfully detects a failure&quot;" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14865" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-24T13:22:35.713" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to run other tests in TestNG after one test is failed using Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(priority=1)&#xA;    public void Online1(){&#xA;//code     &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(priority=2)&#xA;    public void Online2(){&#xA;//code     &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above code, if priority 1 fails then priority 2 automatically get failed, I want to execute priority 2 even if 1 gets failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13208" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T16:30:06.930" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T18:26:02.617" Title="Issue in executing testcases in TestNG(java)" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14848" CreationDate="2015-09-24T17:13:09.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, as far as I understand CodedUI just like Selenium drives the browser, so it should work on any website using any back-end technology. Although the browser support is somewhat &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj835758.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;limited&lt;/a&gt; to specific IE, FireFox and Chrome versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though I would advice in using the same programming language/stack as the website under test, this way the developers can help you better and it might be possible to re-use code of the application for data generation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T20:29:12.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14849" CreationDate="2015-09-24T17:36:41.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per the MSDN, your team may be using TFS version prior to 2012, in such a case you will not be able to see 'Do Exploratory testing' option in MTM 2013. You will need to use TFS version 2013 for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer to this &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh191621(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for more details and search for the word &lt;strong&gt;'I don't see Do Exploratory Testing.'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T17:36:41.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13919" CreationDate="2015-09-24T18:03:54.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16179808/chromedriver-is-extremely-slow-on-a-specific-machine-using-selenium-grid-and-ne&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16179808/chromedriver-is-extremely-slow-on-a-specific-machine-using-selenium-grid-and-ne&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Turn off automatic proxy detection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;chromeOptions.Proxy = null; // Or similar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14557" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T18:03:54.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14497" CreationDate="2015-09-24T19:48:15.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make sure you have a JavaScript popup handler for your test before closing the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;&#xA;browser.get(&quot;http://abc.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;alert = browser.switch_to_alert()&#xA;alert.accept()  # If you don't want to accept it it's alert.dismiss()&#xA;browser.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;else:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;print(&quot;No popup&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14558" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-24T20:05:54.970" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T20:05:54.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14855" CreationDate="2015-09-24T20:14:53.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it should help you, use a external source like CSV file in your &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/data-driven-tests/functional-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI script&lt;/a&gt; and pass the required value as a variable from CSV file to your script, in this way what ever is there in your CSV file it will get passed as value in your script (i.e. in your script variable will be replaced with the value) during execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer this link for more details on &lt;a href=&quot;https://learnsoapui.wordpress.com/2012/05/19/groovy-datasource-teststep-dataloop-teststep-using-groovy-in-soapui/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to use external source in SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T20:14:53.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14872" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14873" CreationDate="2015-09-24T20:46:06.163" Score="4" ViewCount="201" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a way to pull the html or text content of a  so I could work with it for a method which validates links amongst text of messages displays on a webpage.  I am using selenium and java.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &quot;This link&quot;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;&amp;gt;http://www.google.com&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &quot;exists.&quot; &#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been researching ways to pull the html of the link from a single message and most of what I have encountered allows you to pull the text of the 'href' attribute or the link text.  It may not be possible.  Preferably, I would like to pull all the content from the div.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried something similar to this below but it returns '&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com&lt;/a&gt;'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement e = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;String content = e.getAttribute(&quot;innerHTML&quot;);  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried using xpaths using contains() and text().  Both return the text of link but not anything else.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas what I could try?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14559" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T03:56:44.917" Title="How to pull content of a div into a String" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14872" CreationDate="2015-09-24T22:02:42.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement e = driver.findElements(By.xPath(&quot;//a/..&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will select the parent element, the &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; in this case, of every &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to add a predicate (that is, a condition) for which to filter, you can do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement e = driver.findElements(By.xPath(&quot;//a[contains(@href, 'http:')]/..&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I chose &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt; as start, which searches the whole document. If you want to search only a part, change that to an XPath expression that only selects that part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14400" LastActivityDate="2015-09-24T22:02:42.210" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14762" CreationDate="2015-09-25T05:36:28.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tets cases based on requirements are useful, and needed, to performe a regular acceptance test showing that the product works correctly with the expected behaviours (user requirements).&#xA;Several different test types should be added and regularly performed by the team for a complete test but, for the aim of your question, you should incude in your test plans at least the cases needed to reproduce most critical bugs you have found. Useless to say that in this case we are talking about regression check that should be managed implementing testing automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T05:36:28.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-25T05:43:22.983" Score="7" ViewCount="2767" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in Selenium WebDriver (Java with TestNg). I'm trying to create a framework of my own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question here is what would be the better option to store my objects (basically all the webelements of my website under test), Page Object Model or External Property file? Why? Is there a better method than those?&#xA;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14561" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T07:36:20.670" Title="Page Object Model or External property file for Selenium Object Repository" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14877" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14886" CreationDate="2015-09-25T08:43:46.637" Score="2" ViewCount="965" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a semi-large company that plans to move away from HP ALM, I'm looking for an alternative software management tool. At the moment HP ALM is not being used optimally and since it's expensive it's being phased out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The company has around 20 projects running, and there are probably a hundred testers busy at any given time with manual testing, but also running acceptance and regression tests on several environments. New releases ship every two weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The testers however are very used to working with ALM, and don't really want to change their ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know of a test management tool that has similar features (requirement tracking all the way from test case creation up to defects, testing libraries for test reuse and tree file views) that integrates well with JIRA? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have been looking at XQual, Zephyr for JIRA and TestRail&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14566" LastEditorUserId="14566" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T07:02:10.827" LastActivityDate="2021-02-05T06:24:36.897" Title="Alternative for HP ALM (QC) + Jira" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14777" CreationDate="2015-09-25T09:30:48.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution is to remove parameters that are changed in &lt;code&gt;Test Object Details&lt;/code&gt; and add description properties that will describe your object well enough to distinguish from others. (This is done after object is added to Object Repository by means of Object Spy)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case I removed &lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt; property (it was changing) and added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;toolkit class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to_description&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;class_path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DvD5p.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DvD5p.png&quot; alt=&quot;Add-remove descripption properties&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T08:35:47.127" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T08:35:47.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14852" CreationDate="2015-09-25T09:38:32.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using &lt;code&gt;appPackage&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;appActivity&lt;/code&gt; in your Desired Capabilities instead of &lt;code&gt;packageName&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;activityName&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();  &#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);  &#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);  &#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;4.4.2&quot;);  &#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.example.hybridtestapp&quot;);  &#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;,&quot;com.example.hybridtestapp.MainActivity&quot;);  &#xA;driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), caps);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-25T14:05:54.053" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T14:05:54.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14864" CreationDate="2015-09-25T10:55:32.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about somethings like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;minimized failure reproduction set&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling for this I found some research people are doing tring to automate this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.st.cs.uni-saarland.de/publications/files/burger-issta-2011.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.st.cs.uni-saarland.de/publications/files/burger-issta-2011.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2338" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T10:55:32.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14865" CreationDate="2015-09-25T11:37:03.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use TestNG's &lt;code&gt;alwaysRun&lt;/code&gt; attribute. This is quite self explanatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(alwaysRun=true) &#xA;  {&#xA;      //TestCode.&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14297" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T11:37:03.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2015-09-25T12:38:28.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My take on iPhone testing is mAutomate. Here are some interesting features I liked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quick event record &amp;amp; play&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assertion  &amp;amp; Regression on text elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support for Hybrid apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stress testing via random events generation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visual presentation of a testcase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14569" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T12:38:28.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14884" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-25T13:32:57.793" Score="2" ViewCount="5290" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need to upload an image using the relative path, which I would like to run on both IDE and command line. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code which runs with the absolute path,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;         File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;));&#xA;         File picturesDir = new File(classpathRoot, &quot;/pictures&quot;);&#xA;         File picture = new File(picturesDir, &quot;profileImage.jpg&quot;);&#xA;         String picturePath = picture.getAbsolutePath();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13277" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-12T15:51:02.563" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T15:51:02.563" Title="Webdriver : How to upload a file using relative path in java?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-15T04:48:23.057" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14885" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-25T13:48:09.400" Score="1" ViewCount="633" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between using sendkeys() and autoit, which helps to upload images. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13277" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T15:32:47.377" Title="Webdriver : To upload images using the sendkeys() and autoit tool" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14877" CreationDate="2015-09-25T13:54:04.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've had the same issue here (we had less users than you though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We found all JIRA's plugins not enough (very far from what QC/ALM gives). They may be good enough for simple manual testing and if you don't need evoluated features. But if you comes from ALM it will be really a downgrade. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For us, TestRail was better than all the JIRA plugins but still, it was missing some fundamental features and the GUI was really different from ALM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end we went with XStudio. Not perfect in terms of ergonomy but this is definitely what looks the more like QC/ALM. after 6 month, I must admit that I tend to even prefer it to QC/ALM. The price is pretty good and there are often new versions. So far so good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maike&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4437" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T13:54:04.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14885" CreationDate="2015-09-25T14:02:51.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sendkeys( )&lt;/code&gt; is a command used for sending input from the keyboard e.g. for entering some value in the input field, the keys/values typed inside the &lt;code&gt;Sendkeys( )&lt;/code&gt; command will be entered in the respective field during execution of test for web based applications. They are confined to the browser. Using &lt;code&gt;SendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; command you can directly set the path of the file to be uploaded in the respective &lt;strong&gt;Upload file field&lt;/strong&gt;, so when this line of code is executed your upload field will have the specified file as attached but it will not open the windows explorer for finding and attaching the file. It may get fail sometimes, depending upon the application (although in the tests created by me, I haven't seen it getting failed) but have seen related posts over &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28069315/unable-to-upload-file-using-sendkeys-on-input-element&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/forums/selenium/152118-sendkeys-not-working-file-upload.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SQAForums&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; is used to interact with the desktop to do things like downloads &amp;amp; uploads. Automating these sorts of workflow is tricky in Selenium. Using AutoIt (3rd party) in Selenium helps in recording and executing desktop based scenarios. You can create your desktop interaction scripts in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIT and then call it from your Selenium test scripts&lt;/a&gt;. This is a more efficient method of handling Windows pop-ups and dialogues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T14:42:11.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14876" CreationDate="2015-09-25T14:04:51.173" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my framework, I do not write code for any of the the webelements. I just store the locators (it is in Python, so simple dictionary literal works pretty well) in pageobject file for the page. I generate webelement from that as I need them - this saves lots of code. I could pretend I use factory pattern, but I don't - it is all much simpler than that, because Python's dynamic typing ignores type nazis and makes difficult things simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice would be not to start with framework. Start with coding what you need, and refactor as you learn more what your code need. Unless you are really experienced Java hacker with lots of OO design experience - and if you were, you would not be asking this question here, I guess? :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T14:04:51.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14889" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14910" CreationDate="2015-09-25T15:03:38.403" Score="7" ViewCount="6072" Body="&lt;p&gt;My page object model class is getting rather long. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I create a different class with the same name as the page object model with a 2 added at the end. Or does this go against the page object model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T07:12:33.043" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T07:12:33.043" Title="How do I split my PageObject Model classes?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14220" CreationDate="2015-09-25T18:33:25.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;After waiting long for this question, I am answering it myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I too searched a lot but didn't get any way for importing test cases from Excel to TFS in right format. One has to use &lt;strong&gt;Test Case Migrator Plus&lt;/strong&gt; for importing test cases from Excel to TFS. Perhaps Microsoft has restricted import from Excel to TFS (using tags as described in question) for avoiding some kind of scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case Migrator Plus&lt;/strong&gt; is a good, easy and only way for doing this. Our client agreed to this and he will raise an approval request for granting permissions to install and execute this import exe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-25T18:33:25.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14892" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-26T06:21:32.060" Score="5" ViewCount="1788" Body="&lt;p&gt;Autoit has an order value, which I want to pass it to the database as an argument to get table contents of that order id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried passing from &lt;em&gt;command-line&lt;/em&gt;, but I don't want the arguments to get passed from the command line. I am using Selenium web driver with Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T05:24:49.073" LastActivityDate="2021-04-07T04:03:25.423" Title="How to pass arguments to selenium from autoit script" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2015-09-26T11:21:20.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to achieve this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can directly pass the credentials in url so it will skip authentication window.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;em&gt;AutoIT&lt;/em&gt; which will help you to acheive the same in your test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the article will guide you: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/handle-windows-authentication-using-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://learn-automation.com/handle-windows-authentication-using-selenium-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14580" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-09-27T23:44:59.917" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T23:44:59.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14896" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14905" CreationDate="2015-09-27T09:09:00.683" Score="1" ViewCount="49" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for automated way to capture HTML after I do some actions on the web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example I select some item in dropdown and HTML changes- I want to capture that HTML and dump into file. As result I will end up with many different HTML files on my hdd. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking it might be possible to achieve that by using Selenium, or maybe some other plugin which would give me possibility to save HTML in automatic manner to file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your advices! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14585" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T11:52:02.960" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T13:41:16.957" Title="Capture HTML after element has been changed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14898" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-27T19:15:15.367" Score="1" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got an offline app that has been built on HTML/CSS/JS and it runs only on 'iPad iOS 8.4' within a wrapper application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The interactions are very simple: You can go from page to page and you can have any UI elements that a website can have, but being an offline app you cannot have any HTTP request and any dependencies must be included within the directory containing the &lt;code&gt;.html&lt;/code&gt; file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The structure of the app is: Each HTML page is its own standalone directory so any dependencies must be included within that directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Production Dir structure looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;page1&#xA;  |--page1.html&#xA;  |--style.css&#xA;  |--scripts.js&#xA;&#xA;page2&#xA;  |--page2.html&#xA;  |--style.css&#xA;  |--scripts.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no way for &lt;strong&gt;page1&lt;/strong&gt; to use any of the dependencies that &lt;strong&gt;page2&lt;/strong&gt; have and vice-a-versa, its just the way the app works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;strong&gt;grunt&lt;/strong&gt; to build this app in a way one would build a website and then produced the folder structure you see above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I don't have to update styles in every folder if there is a global change&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Development folder structure looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; app&#xA;  |--page1&#xA;      |--page1.html&#xA;  |--page2&#xA;      |--page2.html&#xA;  |--sass&#xA;      |--styles.scss&#xA;  |--javascript&#xA;      |--page1.js&#xA;      |--page2.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What tools/frameworks can I use to test an application like this, where I don't need to do cross browser testing only testing on an iOS device iPad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14593" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T14:33:55.913" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T13:44:02.647" Title="Testing tools for a front-end HTML5 app" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14889" CreationDate="2015-09-27T22:47:52.480" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that you should create a page object class for each page of the site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a single page site, you can create page widgets instead of page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The page widgets will correspond to components of the web page (example: footer, header, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the number of your page object classes increases, you should create a base class that all page object classes will inherit from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you 3 layers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test scripts: use the page objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;page objects: use the base class for interacting with the site&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;base class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See on this article a sample project about how to create page objects:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/09/how-to-write-better-automation-code-with-TDD.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://test-able.blogspot.com/2015/09/how-to-write-better-automation-code-with-TDD.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alex&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13242" LastActivityDate="2015-09-27T22:47:52.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14906" CreationDate="2015-09-28T09:58:00.310" Score="1" ViewCount="182" Body="&lt;p&gt;A component can be added to a single sampler by attaching it as a child of the sampler. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SmEhm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SmEhm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A component can also be added to &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; samplers within a thread group by attaching it as a child of the thread group. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mE2om.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mE2om.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've got a component that needs to be added to multiple selected samplers, but &lt;strong&gt;not all&lt;/strong&gt; samplers. Currently what I'm doing is mass copy-and-paste duplication:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TBdeA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TBdeA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though it works, it's a clear violation of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY&lt;/a&gt; and gets extremely tedious for real scenarios. (When the component needs to be updated (e.g. changing the regex &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;sesskey&quot; value=&quot;(.*?)&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to something else), I'd need to manually update it in x20 places.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can a &lt;strong&gt;single&lt;/strong&gt; component be assigned to multiple selected samplers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11978" LastEditorUserId="11978" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T03:43:56.053" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T03:43:56.053" Title="How to assign a component to multiple selected samplers in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14901" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-28T11:46:39.337" Score="-1" ViewCount="1161" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to perform unit testing of embedded &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; code in Code Compose Studio (CCS) for MSP430G2553 target board?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14339" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T14:59:09.663" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T15:32:14.750" Title="How to perform unit testing of embedded C code in CCS for MSP430G2553?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;c&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14902" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14915" CreationDate="2015-09-28T12:14:45.477" Score="1" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have just moved from HP ALM version 11.52 to 12.20, but in new version we have encountered a problem: all attachments won't open (we use IE10, IE11).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User double clicks on attachment link.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Progress bar is displayed for short time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Progress bar disappears and nothing happens after that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Previously: image was opened in new window. (I've checked &lt;code&gt;Downloads&lt;/code&gt; folder and have not found anything of this kind)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see &quot;Edit step window&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dwMoL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dwMoL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know how to handle this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2018-03-27T07:17:50.263" LastActivityDate="2019-10-24T19:04:48.507" Title="HP ALM 12.20 not opening attachments" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;hp-alm-12.20&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14903" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-28T12:26:54.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP Application Life Cycle Management 12.20 (HP-ALM 12.20) is an application life cycle management tool that supports various phases of the software development life cycle from planning to deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T05:45:28.877" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T05:45:28.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14904" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-28T12:26:54.073" Score="0" Body="HP Application Life Cycle Management 12.20 (HP-ALM 12.20) is an application life cycle management tool that supports various phases of the software development life cycle from planning to deployment." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T05:45:25.903" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T05:45:25.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14896" CreationDate="2015-09-28T13:41:16.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact any sniffer tool has required functionality. The most popular are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wireshark.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wireshark&lt;/a&gt;. The simplest example is &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/httpfox/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTPFox&lt;/a&gt; extension for Firefox browser.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; as it capable of capturing HTTP requests and write responses into files. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference material:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeters-superpower-http-proxy-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter's Superpower: The HTTP Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter proxy Step-by-step&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T13:41:16.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14900" CreationDate="2015-09-28T14:44:55.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand your problem and pain area. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, as far as I know, there is no automated way other than copy-paste, you have to copy paste the required elements in all the required samplers, &lt;strong&gt;but&lt;/strong&gt; you can reduce this copy-paste effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, add the required element to only one selected sampler as a child of that sampler (as required by you), then copy that element and select all the required samplers using &lt;strong&gt;Ctrl + Left Click&lt;/strong&gt; and once this selection is done, Paste the copied element, it should be added as child to all the selected samplers in one go only, i.e. your repetition will be saved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, if you are comfortable with the structure of the &lt;code&gt;.jmx&lt;/code&gt; file, then open your script with the help of &lt;strong&gt;Notepad++&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;EditPlus&lt;/strong&gt; or some other editor, and then add the element in your script directly in the text file (this may again require copy-paste). But remember to take backup of your script first (if you are using this method), as this may corrupt your script (if any tag or statement is pasted wrongly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like every other tool JMeter too have certain limitation(s) and you can assume this as one of the Usability limitation of JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T14:49:57.663" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T14:49:57.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14907" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14909" CreationDate="2015-09-28T15:02:33.943" Score="1" ViewCount="728" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm trying to make an automated test for a type of survey. Just imagine a bunch of questions each page with some options like &quot;agree/strongly agree/etc...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the issue is, while the questions themselves on each page are always the same, but their order of appearance is always random. So I've been trying to think of a way to possibly put this is an automated test. (it was a task given to me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the order of the questions changes, the labels themselves change...and TBH I'm not super familiar with Selenium (I'm using IDE) so I'm not sure how I would go about creating a test for this, since every time the test is run the order of the questions changes on each page. Also it's worth noting that one page of questions can be entirely different next time...so even on the same PAGE the questions that appear isn't always the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-28T15:30:15.753" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T09:08:51.343" Title="Selenium - Automated test with Random-ish data? Doable?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14901" CreationDate="2015-09-28T15:32:14.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several good unit test tools available for PC development.  Unit testing on an embedded system, however, presents some unique issues.  For instance, typically, a unit test is something that is run automatically after a successful build of changes that have been submitted to the version control system.  This is most easily coordinated on a development machine rather than an embedded target such as an MSP430 using a cross compiler.  Infrastructure for loading and executing each unit test on the target platform is something that has to be customized for each target platform which is extremely expensive time wise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another challenge with embedded systems is they often do not have basic reporting mechanisms. If you are developing a coffee maker, it is unlikely to have a stdio or stderr stream (much less any communications port) to report any results from the unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best approach I have seen is to use a unit test framework on the development system, which is often a different compiler.  This is not a perfect solution since there can be subtle differences in implementations between compilers, but still much better than no unit tests at all. A book that may be helpful is &lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/jgade/test-driven-development-for-embedded-c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Driven Development for Embedded C&lt;/a&gt; by James Grenning.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T15:32:14.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14907" CreationDate="2015-09-28T15:56:43.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first question is - do the questions needs to be in a random order? Part of being a QA is to give feedback on product decisions.. if it doesn't make sense, why is it part of the product design?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that there's a good reason why they're random..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all of them share a similar div/html element ID, then you can use a CSS selector to grab a list of the similar elements, e.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By questionLocator = By.cssSelector(&quot;div[id*='question-']&quot;);&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; questions = getDriver.findElements(questionLocator);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then iterate through that list to answer your questions. If it's multiple pages, loop this per page, like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By questionLocator = By.cssSelector(&quot;div[id*='question-']&quot;);&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; questions;&#xA;&#xA;while (morePages) {&#xA;        questions = getDriver.findElements(questionLocator);&#xA;        for (WebElement question : questions) {&#xA;            // do something with question&#xA;        }&#xA;        morePages = areThereMorePages();&#xA;        if (morePages) clickNext();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll have to code some extra logic to work out whether you're on the last page or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach only works if each question is indistinguishable from one another. It'll work pretty bluntly, and you can randomly fill in each question, but won't allow for any logic - nor will you be able to do any recall of your answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to do something more complex, you will need to capture some identifying information from the web element. I've built tests for dynamic questionnaires, and the approach I took was to parse a unique question ID from the HTML element, and then query the application API/Database with that question ID, returning a Question object with which I could work out how to answer that specific question. This allowed a high degree of complexity, including multiple answers, optional answers, different types of question, quiz completion percentages..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8211" LastEditorUserId="8211" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T09:08:51.343" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T09:08:51.343" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14889" CreationDate="2015-09-28T16:29:08.697" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. Do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; just split your pageObject into pageObject2, 3, 4, etc. This goes for all programming - split your classes logically by function, not arbitrarily!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your page object should be the source of truth for that specific page. When you start trying to interact with your page, does it really make sense that you should search between MyForm.java and MyForm2.java when trying to find a submit button?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that Martin Fowler, one of the popularisers of the PageObject pattern, states that Page Objects do not &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot;&gt;need to be full webpages&lt;/a&gt;. They simply just link together related elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;There's an argument here that the name &quot;page object&quot; is misleading because it makes you think you should have just one page object per page. Something like &quot;panel object&quot; would be better - but the term &quot;page object&quot; is what's become accepted. Another illustration of why naming is one of the TwoHardThings.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you can break down your pageObject into discrete, reusable chunks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, on a project I worked on, we had a similar widget for search-as-you-type that was used on a number of pages. There were a number of different elements to interact with and methods that could be used against this single small part of the page (enter search, select first answer, count number of answers.. etc). This search element appeared on quite a few pages. Instead of repeating the exact same code on different pages, we created a separate class for this object and included that as a public object on every PageObject it appeared on. Calling a search on a page was as easy as doing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;myDashboardPage.searchWidget.enterSearch(&quot;search text&quot;);&#xA;myUserPage.searchWidget.selectFirstAnswer();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With no duplication of code on the pageObjects, and a logical hierarchy of pages -&gt; widget -&gt; html elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8211" LastActivityDate="2015-09-28T16:29:08.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14911" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-29T07:16:57.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_%28programming_language%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;C (pronounced &quot;See&quot;, like the letter C)&lt;/a&gt; is a general-purpose computer programming language developed between 1969 and 1973 by &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Ritchie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dennis Ritchie&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bell Telephone Laboratories&lt;/a&gt; for use with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;UNIX operating system&lt;/a&gt;. Its design provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions, and therefore it found lasting use in applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language. It is a highly efficient procedural oriented programming language, has emphasis on functions whereas modern object oriented programming languages tend to emphasize data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although C was designed for implementing system software, it is also widely used for developing portable application software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C is one of the most widely used programming languages of all time and there are very few computer architectures for which a C compiler does not exist. C has greatly influenced many other popular programming languages, most notably &lt;code&gt;C++&lt;/code&gt;, which began as an extension to C.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T05:45:22.713" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T05:45:22.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14912" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-29T07:16:57.580" Score="0" Body="C is a general-purpose computer programming language used for operating systems, libraries, games and other high performance work. It is clearly distinct from C++. It was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie for use with the Unix operating system." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T13:15:24.200" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T13:15:24.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14837" CreationDate="2015-09-29T07:28:56.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For   &lt;strong&gt;Scroll down&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,250)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or, you can do as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jse.executeScript(&quot;scroll(0, 250);&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;Scroll up&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,-250)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jse.executeScript(&quot;scroll(0, -250);&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14616" LastEditorUserId="14388" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T13:14:19.707" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T13:14:19.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14898" CreationDate="2015-09-29T07:33:44.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Run the App in an iOS simulator that comes with Xcode, then test with selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://techblog.polteq.com/en/running-tests-on-a-xcode-iphone-simulator-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://techblog.polteq.com/en/running-tests-on-a-xcode-iphone-simulator-3/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you also could consider is using Appium, which is quite similar to selenium.&#xA;Included blogpost has a very detailed explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.technet.com/b/antino/archive/2014/09/22/how-to-set-up-a-basic-working-appium-test-environment.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.technet.com/b/antino/archive/2014/09/22/how-to-set-up-a-basic-working-appium-test-environment.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14566" LastEditorUserId="14566" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T09:58:21.030" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T09:58:21.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14902" CreationDate="2015-09-29T08:16:45.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have made rollback and reinstall HP ALM 12.20 on the server and on local machines, this helped to solve the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T08:16:45.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-29T08:46:41.230" Score="1" ViewCount="1546" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to click on a link which displays a popup. But, I'm receiving the following exception: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with Command duration or timeout: 15.12 seconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Account information&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Change Password&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;changeEmail&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and html:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-9 col-sm-8 col-xs-12 frmmargin&quot; ng-show=&quot;!externalUser &amp;amp;&amp;amp; isextranalUser==true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-sm-12 col-xs-12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a ng-click=&quot;hidesuccessmsg()&quot; data-toggle=&quot;modal&quot; target=&quot;-self&quot; href=&quot;#changeEmail&quot;&amp;gt;Change Password&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know what I'm missing here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14547" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T09:51:57.943" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T09:51:57.943" Title="Solution on ElementNotVisibleException in Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14917" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-29T08:51:17.527" Score="0" ViewCount="9982" Body="&lt;p&gt;Root CA certificate: apachejmetertemporaryrootCA created in JMeter bin directory You can install it following instructions in component reference documentation (see installing the jmeter CA Certificate for HTTPs recording paragraph) Please check the details below when installing the certificate in the browser CN=_DO NOT INSTALL unless this is your certificate (jmeter root CA) OU=username:XXXXXXXXX, C=US Fingerprint(SHA1):XXXXXXXXX Created:XXXXX&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12305" LastActivityDate="2015-10-03T11:19:40.983" Title="What's the way to resolve the following error in jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-10-05T19:33:00.893" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14916" CreationDate="2015-09-29T09:31:25.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;try below code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    if(driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Accountinformation&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;    {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Displayed&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;fail&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="14297" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T12:32:39.677" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T12:32:39.677" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14916" CreationDate="2015-09-29T10:29:45.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend you to use any of the below &lt;code&gt;wait&lt;/code&gt; methods. You may find success with any of these 3 methods, but it is always a good practice to use &lt;code&gt;Explicit Wait&lt;/code&gt; as you are instructing the web driver to specifically look for what you need, instead of blindly waiting till the entire DOM gets loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit Wait:&lt;/strong&gt; (Most Preferred)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;elementID&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;elementID&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implicit Wait:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sleep:&lt;/strong&gt; (Try to avoid this unless absolutely necessary)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: It'll be more helpful if you can provide the link you are trying to test, so that we can help you with a more accurate answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14388" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T10:29:45.057" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14877" CreationDate="2015-09-29T12:54:50.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using TestRail and Jira and usually have around 10 concurrent projects. We are about to upgrade to TestRail v5 to take advantage of the extended Jira integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T12:54:50.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14922" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-29T14:51:57.450" Score="4" ViewCount="1163" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I ran into a situation where we are having constant Backend/API issues and  because of the same, I can't continue with the testing. I was wondering if it is somehow possible to use a server or a proxy which gets the API request and I can send it as a response. &lt;em&gt;(Basically I wanna manually send a response to see if the app behaves as it is supposed to)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we will create a &quot;new&quot; app that is just running against my local machine and I can send the responses that I'm not able to test. I would rather test some of these cases myself. I wonder if it even possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should this be left for the developer to handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any insight and ideas would be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14624" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T16:00:54.600" LastActivityDate="2016-09-24T11:13:18.973" Title="Android App api testing with mock" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mock&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14923" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14924" CreationDate="2015-09-29T15:30:49.203" Score="1" ViewCount="52" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm at an organization where QA is basically kept in the dark when it comes to requirements/technical design. Documents are created usually during the Requirement gathering phase, but then by the time implementation is done, that documentation is basically worthless. Then, I'm given tasks to test DEV work that is very sparse in information. This results in me spending a lot of time talking to DEV/BA after-the-fact. Is this common, and if so, what are good practices in this situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2855" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T15:58:02.323" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T15:58:02.323" Title="How to test effectively when DEV/BAs design separately?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14923" CreationDate="2015-09-29T15:54:37.683" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, this is not a common practice. QAs are and should be kept in light and every communication involved related to the requirements. The sole purpose of the documentation created during the requirement gathering phase is to keep it updated and validate the application according to that document, so this document serves as the single point of information for all DEV, BA and QAs. Interpretation of this document can be differ for different roles and that's where discussion and requirement analysis comes into scope i.e. to bring everyone on same road. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remember, any defect caught in the requirement phase is easy to track &amp;amp; fix and saves a lot of effort and time for the whole team&lt;/strong&gt;, so Active Involvement of QAs in Requirement discussion and Analysis meetings/calls/documentation etc. is must and standard process in Industry. QAs has to validate the system at the end and they have to provide sign-off, so if they don't know about the requirements how they will validate. Even in some Organizations QAs are not allowed to talk to DEV, their point of contact is either their QA Lead or BA &lt;em&gt;(this is what we are currently following)&lt;/em&gt;, because a DEV will tell you what he/she have implemented as per their understanding but not as per what was required (No offense for DEV's please).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I too had worked in such a situation where QAs were not billable to client and hence they were treated as a liability&lt;/strong&gt;, but they were considered responsible for client issues. So, we acted proactively (my team lead at that time) and involved ourselves in requirement meetings forcefully. Initially we too felt ashamed that why we are getting into meeting where we are not called, but with due course of time, it proved fruitful, when we started providing inputs, asking questions, raising non-agreement flags for some solution we thought are not good for users etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your situation too, you need to get yourself involved in requirement meetings/calls/discussions by force, raise continuous concerns for this to your &lt;strong&gt;PM, Team Leads or even senior management&lt;/strong&gt; (if required), because if &lt;strong&gt;Quality suffered you will suffer and company too has to suffer&lt;/strong&gt; (Organization name will be impacted). Prepare Minutes for the meetings, updated the requirement document for the changes discussed, obtain sign-off from the BA and Technical lead. This is part of your job so don't worry what DEV/BAs will think. This may take some time to get it implemented but it is not a big task to achieve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T15:54:37.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3115" CreationDate="2015-09-29T16:51:57.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/E6tYm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/E6tYm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got a simple idea just create a set of User Parameters &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Name: dob   &#xA;User_1$: {__Random(1,28)}/${__Random(1,12)}/${__Random(1922,2000)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will return a semi-random date in the format DD/MM/YYYY for user 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14629" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-09-29T17:11:45.340" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T17:11:45.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14926" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-29T18:15:45.650" Score="7" ViewCount="612" Body="&lt;p&gt;Background: Our QA organization is considering using NCover Collector to gather code coverage information for manual and automated GUI tests (this is a desktop application). NCover will only work on our .NET applications and components. 60% of our application is C++ and we would get a lot of value if we could obtain coverage numbers for the C++ portion of our code base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an equivalent of NCover Collector for C/C++ code bases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14631" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T11:17:44.760" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T08:11:28.817" Title="C++ coverage tool for QA personnel" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13195" CreationDate="2015-09-29T20:14:58.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is due an old ChromeDriver version, check and update the ChromeDriver to the newest version here &lt;a href=&quot;http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.19/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.19/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14634" LastActivityDate="2015-09-29T20:14:58.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14928" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14929" CreationDate="2015-09-29T22:58:41.543" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;My locators are all hard-coded into the tests.&#xA;How can I extract these into variables?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-31T14:27:02.060" LastActivityDate="2015-10-31T14:27:02.060" Title="How can I move all my seleniumIDE locators to javascript variables (like page objects)?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14928" CreationDate="2015-09-29T22:58:41.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create a file with your locators (that you are using in the 'target' field in this format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storedVars[&quot;css_state_discount_7&quot;] = &quot;css=input[name='auto_policy[state_discount_ids][]'][value=7]&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle_count&quot;] = &quot;css=select[name='auto_policy[_x][vehicle_count]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle1_auto_year&quot;] = &quot;css=select[name='auto_policy[autos_attributes][0][year]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle1_auto_make&quot;] = &quot;css=select[name='auto_policy[autos_attributes][0][make]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle1_auto_model&quot;] = &quot;css=select[name='auto_policy[autos_attributes][0][vehicle_model]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle1_auto_submodel&quot;] = &quot;css=select[name='auto_policy[autos_attributes][0][submodel]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle1_ownership&quot;] = &quot;css=select[name='auto_policy[autos_attributes][0][ownership]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle1_ownership_input&quot;] = &quot;css=input[name='auto_policy[autos_attributes][0][ownership]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle1_primary_use&quot;] = &quot;css=select[name='auto_policy[autos_attributes][0][primary_use]']&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storedVars[&quot;eqv_claim_type&quot;] = &quot;Vehicle Hit Animal&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;eqv_claim_date_month&quot;] = &quot;Aug&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;eqv_claim_date_year&quot;] = &quot;2014&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;eqv_claim_insurance_paid&quot;] = &quot;100&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;eqv_relation_to_primary_driver&quot;] = &quot;Child&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;eqv_driver2_first_name&quot;] = &quot;john&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;eqv_driver2_last_name&quot;] = &quot;grimley&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, in the Selenium IDE use them in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0hN88.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0hN88.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you point to the file with SeleniumIDE -&gt; Options -&gt; Options and then point to the file as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MGpUu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MGpUu.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T11:17:37.033" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T11:17:37.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14926" CreationDate="2015-09-29T23:20:33.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple that we've used before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bullseye:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bullseye.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bullseye.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cppunit: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/cppunit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sourceforge.net/projects/cppunit/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T08:11:28.817" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T08:11:28.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14931" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-30T01:24:31.813" Score="1" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating an C# / Web Driver automation script that uses a Page Object Framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to check certain dollar amounts on a page (premium and tax amounts) and verify that they are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what I need to do is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read in the premium and tax amount values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiply the premium times the tax rate (which is stored in a separate class)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare the result with the tax amount that is on the page using an assert statement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the HTML from the page where the premium and tax amounts display.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;first-col&quot;&amp;gt;Premium:&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;$805.00&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;first-col&quot;&amp;gt;NJ State Tax:&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;$40.25&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I can locate the premium and state tax amounts using the following code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;//td[contains(text(),'Premium')]&quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement premium { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;[FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;//td[contains(text(),'State Tax')]&quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement stateTax { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I am unsure how to retrieve the values and perform the comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14638" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T11:18:48.793" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T11:18:48.793" Title="C# Web Driver Page Object Framework: Retrieve Dollar Values from a &lt;td&gt; using class identifier" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14932" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-30T03:51:28.207" Score="2" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any term in software engineering like Real Load Replay or Real Data Replay? My manager said to me, to learn about this topic. But I have never seen this topic. Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T01:20:04.157" Title="Real Load Replay" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14922" CreationDate="2015-09-30T05:12:11.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We used NodeJS to help as out of a similar situation. We designed a mock server on NodeJS and configured REST API to hit Node sever and fetch responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T05:12:11.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14931" CreationDate="2015-09-30T05:59:01.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your XPaths localize these elements, because these contain the text you've specified:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;first-col&quot;&amp;gt;Premium:&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;first-col&quot;&amp;gt;NJ State Tax:&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want the &lt;strong&gt;next&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;td&lt;/code&gt; where the actual values are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, try adding &lt;code&gt;/following-sibling::td&lt;/code&gt;, like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;//td[contains(text(),'Premium')]/following-sibling::td&quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement premium { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T05:59:01.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14936" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-30T06:49:36.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software quality assurance (SQA) consists of a means of monitoring the software engineering processes and methods used to ensure quality.[citation needed] The methods by which this is accomplished are many and varied, and may include ensuring conformance to one or more standards, such as ISO 9000 or a model such as CMMI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQA encompasses the entire software development process, which includes processes such as requirements definition, software design, coding, source code control, code reviews, software configuration management, testing, release management, and product integration. SQA is organized into goals, commitments, abilities, activities, measurements, and verifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software quality assurance, according to ISO/IEC 15504 v.2.5 (SPICE), is a supporting process that has to provide the independent assurance in which all the work products, activities and processes comply with the predefined plans and ISO 15504.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-31T12:33:58.180" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T12:33:58.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14937" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-30T06:49:36.063" Score="0" Body="quality management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T16:17:01.053" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T16:17:01.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14938" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-30T08:07:59.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions regarding automation of web applications for testing purposes according to specific of used web browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a list of popular web automating tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eggplant_Functional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eggPlant Functional&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMacros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iMacros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QF-Test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;QF-Test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranorex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex Studio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahi_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sahi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAtest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SQAtest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testcafe.devexpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestCafe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TestComplete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestComplete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_Studio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Studio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watir&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WatiN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_QuickTest_Professional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HP UFT&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="29024" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T17:27:44.470" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T17:27:44.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14939" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-30T08:07:59.613" Score="0" Body="Questions regarding automation of web applications for testing purposes according to specific of used web browser." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T13:15:20.990" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T13:15:20.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14877" CreationDate="2015-09-30T08:25:10.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the testers are used to QC/ALM interface, they would find &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/en-GB/Products/Software-Testing/Test-Management/Silk-Central&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Silk Central&lt;/a&gt; very intuitive, because they are very similar. It has out-of-the-box integration with both JIRA Agile (for user story/requirement coverage) and JIRA issue tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testing supports offline execution, screenshot and video capture, scripts with visual assets to help the tester, shared steps libraries...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the automation side, it is integrated with JUnit, NUnit, Silk Test, Windows Scripting, and command line, among others; supporting Keyword Driven Testing to ease reuse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Free 45-day trials can be downloaded from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/en-GB/Products/Software-Testing/Test-Management/Silk-Central/Product-Trial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.borland.com/en-GB/Products/Software-Testing/Test-Management/Silk-Central/Product-Trial&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9180" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T08:25:10.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14941" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-09-30T12:43:58.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions regarding email notification, email validation and verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T16:17:09.457" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T16:17:09.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14942" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-09-30T12:43:58.493" Score="0" Body="Questions regarding email notification, email validation and verification." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T15:42:29.030" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T15:42:29.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14943" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-30T13:31:52.497" Score="1" ViewCount="932" Body="&lt;p&gt;Architecture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;USSD platform &gt; Which is written in Java and interact with ESME.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;USSD Application &gt; Which is written in Java and interacts with Java application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Emulator &gt; Generally a class which interacts with Platform and exchange xmls &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there is no web interface where we can use Eclipse tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The platform is an independent server. USSD Application runs on Tomcat and Emulator class runs as an independent Java application when both other are already running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what approach can be used to automate the flow of such applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, we manually configure database tables, and generate a request using emulator class and gets output on the eclipse console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How input can be automated and output can be verified??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8353" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:26:56.037" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:26:56.037" Title="How can we automate a USSD application not using Selenium or QTP" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="14945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14932" CreationDate="2015-09-30T14:21:45.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should have something to do with capturing traffics to production server and replaying it on to a test server to observe how it will perform when pushed to production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14648" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T14:21:45.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14946" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14947" CreationDate="2015-09-30T16:57:25.923" Score="1" ViewCount="303" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm a little bit confused at getting started at writing my own Automated test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference the majority of my company's apps are Ruby on Rails technology, I looked into using Cucumber, but I think that's a down the road thing I want to get used to writing the actual test scripts first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I've been looking at using Capybara and Selenium to do the web automation, but most of Capybara's docs are about interacting with normal web page elements. Most of our stuff is in 'Ruby on Rails' but does that matter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I actually write the test scripts are they actually the RSpec scripts required for testing? That's where I'm getting confused. Just as a base test I want to go to a site and click a dropdown (just to make sure I have everything set up correctly). But I'm not sure if I should be looking at Capybara docs or RSpec docs or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and does it matter if the web application is a RoR app or a normal HTML/CSS/JS app if I'm going to use Capybara(W/Selenium driver) or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess im trying to figure out the exact process of what needs to be done to start automation testing a RoR app using capybara. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="12629" LastEditDate="2015-09-30T17:32:55.820" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T17:54:06.607" Title="Confused over different Automation terminology (Web Testing)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14946" CreationDate="2015-09-30T17:54:06.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For web/UI application testing, what's behind the scenes typically should not matter. For instance, just because your app is running on RoR, your web/UI tests don't have to be written in Ruby. After all, you're testing the application generated web interface, not the code (that's a different type/scope of testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to just get down to brass tacks and start building tests for your web application, check out the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;, a Firefox plugin for Selenium. If you're not familiar with Selenium already, there's a learning curve; however, there is a big community behind it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;, headless WebKit browser where you can script tests, navigating/manipulating the DOM, support for CSS selectors, JSON and more. If you know JavaScript/Node well, this is a great tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ghostinspector.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ghost Inspector&lt;/a&gt;, a SaaS based testing tool for web applications. Use the Chrome plug-in recorder to navigate your application and it will automatically create a UI test for you. It also takes snapshots and creates a video of the testing session. It's kind of  Phantom/Casper/Selenium wrapped into an easy to use testing app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12244" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T17:54:06.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14948" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-30T18:49:47.767" Score="3" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in a small enterprise environment, a dozen or so developers, no full time QA specialist, no dedicated testing resources. Project leads and developers and subject matter experts all contribute to test case development, and test cases are executed by developers, subject matter experts, business staff who will ultimately use the software in production, etc. We execute our tests in various non-production environments, but, most of our non-production environments are populated with actual data from production. Our test case management tool is behind our perimeter firewall as are the non-production application systems under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since a variety of people can execute test cases, testing is more convenient if our test case instructions are very explicit, i.e., login to &lt;a href=&quot;https://.../login&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://.../login&lt;/a&gt; with username &quot;BOB&quot; and password &quot;TESTING789!2015&quot; ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, explicitly revealing login credentials, even to a test application, is a questionable security practice, and in our situation, the system under test does contain a copy of production data so it does contain genuinely confidential data. (Note the staff that we select to execute tests are staff who are authorized to see confidential data in production, but, the test management tool authorizations probably aren't managed with the same diligence with which we would manage production system authorizations, so there is potential for the test case credentials to provide a vector for unauthorized staff to login to the test system and see the test system copy of confidential data.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatives as I see them include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Write test cases for convenience of testers, explicitly revealing credentials, and manage authorizations to the test case instructions to minimize the security risk. (Accept the risk that authorizations to the test case management tool probably aren't managed with the same diligence as the actual production systems.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Write test cases without credentials, i.e., &quot;supply valid username&quot;, &quot;supply valid password&quot;, and use telephone or sneakernet to distribute passwords, and accept the risk that testers will write down passwords, and accept the risk that testers will be less willing to cooperate with testing efforts, but, possibly reduce testing-induced security risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Use shared &quot;lastpass&quot; or &quot;password safe&quot; mechanisms to distribute test case credentials, requiring testers to deal with additional complexity, and accept the risk that testers will be less willing to cooperate with testing efforts, but, possibly reduce testing-induced security risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What alternatives am I overlooking? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do other organizations do about credentials in test instructions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14655" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T11:29:33.870" Title="Balancing security with tester convenience: should you put credentials in test instructions?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14948" CreationDate="2015-09-30T19:05:52.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used option 1 and 2 on occasion.  Two other options I've used are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Setup test servers to not require authentication.  Obviously if your test servers are identical to your prod servers this would be a huge security issue.  Where we have done this all the test data was bogus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Encrypt passwords.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-encryption.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Maven 2.1+ offers password encryption&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T19:05:52.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14948" CreationDate="2015-09-30T20:30:24.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In one situation when we copied production data to QA, we set passwords of all outside users to one know value. So testers can log to account of a real user in QA (with copy of the data from PROD, all settings and stuff), but don't need to know user's valid login credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will not prevent someone looking into any user's data, but will prevent tester to use learned login credentials in PROD. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this might be valid in your situation or not, depending if you are concerned if someone looks at some specific data in QA. If so (you have say real phone numbers and you want to prevent testers from seeing them), you can scramble just those data fields for additional protection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-09-30T20:30:24.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14951" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-09-30T22:03:57.513" Score="1" ViewCount="56" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just got the Mockito framework for Java to try out mocking with JUnit. Trying it brought me to a basic question that I am sure is obvious but I have had trouble finding any answer for, probably because I don't have a concise way of asking it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say I have a class A that contains and uses instances of Class B. Now I can mock B and pass the mocked object to class A instance all is well and good, coupling is removed from my unit test. However, now if Class B changes in a way that breaks Class A, how will I know that occurred, since my mocked class B will still perform the same way? It kind of seems like you would want the Class A tests to fail to indicate that the change in B requires a change in A as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it just that you shouldn't mock in composition scenarios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14659" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T01:35:10.053" Title="How to avoid hidden bugs caused by test doubles?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14951" CreationDate="2015-10-01T01:35:10.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the same scenario could happen even if class A uses class B but does not contain class B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to mitigate that risk is to write unit tests for class B that validate the assumptions embedded in your mock.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T01:35:10.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14954" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-01T07:02:09.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mocking and faking are ways to isolate code or components to ensure that unit-tests run against the testable unit of code only without actually utilizing other components or dependencies of an application. Mocking differs from faking in that a mock can be inspected to assert the results of a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reasons for use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a unit test, mock objects can simulate the behavior of complex, real objects and are therefore useful when a real object is impractical or impossible to incorporate into a unit test. If an actual object has any of the following characteristics, it may be useful to use a mock object in its place:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object supplies non-deterministic results (e.g., the current time or the current temperature);&#xA;It has states that are difficult to create or reproduce (e.g., a network error);&#xA;It is slow (e.g., a complete database, which would have to be initialized before the test);&#xA;It does not yet exist or may change behavior;&#xA;It would have to include information and methods exclusively for testing purposes (and not for its actual task).&#xA;For example, an alarm clock program which causes a bell to ring at a certain time might get the current time from the outside world. To test this, the test must wait until the alarm time to know whether it has rung the bell correctly. If a mock object is used in place of the real object, it can be programmed to provide the bell-ringing time (whether it is actually that time or not) so that the alarm clock program can be tested in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most commonly, isolation frameworks are used to dynamically build a mock, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/moq/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Moq&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ayende.com/blog/tags/rhino-mocks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RhinoMocks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.typemock.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TypeMock&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/products/mocking.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JustMock&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.easymock.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;EasyMock&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/mockito/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mockito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/powermock/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PowerMock&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/padraic/mockery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mockery&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nsubstitute.github.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nsubstitute&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/jmockit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMockit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sinonjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SinonJs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T15:28:13.477" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T15:28:13.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14955" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-01T07:02:09.970" Score="0" Body="Mocking and faking are ways to isolate code or components to ensure that unit tests run against the testable unit of code only without actually utilizing other components or dependencies of an application. Mocking differs from faking in that a mock can be inspected to assert the results of a test." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T16:47:47.353" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T16:47:47.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14201" CreationDate="2015-10-01T07:20:10.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tests that sometimes fail are usually an indication that the tests used can't handle the inherent instability of your system.&#xA;You would either need to make the tests react to changes in the system, or you'd need to introduce wait times that would make the test more failsafe.&#xA;You could also loop certain parts of your test X times before they fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either use a more stable testing environment or adapt your tests to the environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14566" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T07:20:10.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2015-10-01T09:33:03.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nowadays, irrespective of being a developer or tester we all need to know a development language and my advice will be: either Java or Python both are doing equally good; but learning python is easier, number of lines of code in python is also very less for given functionality, maintainability of code is easier and structuring is also very simple compared to Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However resource availability (namely libraries, tools, end to end integration support) for Java is a little higher as Java is widely used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless there a is big turnaround in Python from past 4-5yrs and it's taking over the software industry and future seems to be Python as it's evidently introduced even at schooling level (in India &amp;amp; rest of the world I am not that sure though) and there exists no Java in there and C++ is optional. Lots of Python utilities are available to fulfill the needs of most of the technical sectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From jobs point of view of today there are more jobs for Selenium with Java than Selenium with Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java is a really good language too, but it takes more to learn Java than Python. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now how long you want to code is one of the important decision you need to make!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14667" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T11:21:19.237" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T11:21:19.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14980" CreationDate="2015-10-01T09:44:38.530" Score="5" ViewCount="3660" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is working on its API which is RESTful JSON Web API. So far, all my testing was done using Selenium WebDriver. Starting from one and more tests I manage to create some sort of framework. This API will be also part of the web portal we use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was given task to look for some tools that can help us automate the API tests and also help in future tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have looked up for HP and UFT with other set of tools. Also, SoapUI NG Pro seems be a good tools for this kind of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you guys help me out here and point out some pros and cons based on your experience. Every help will be much appreciated. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10909" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T13:13:35.703" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T05:11:43.387" Title="RESTful JSON Web API Testing - what tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14959" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-01T10:50:19.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;API testing is a type of software testing that involves testing APIs directly and as part of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;integration testing&lt;/a&gt; to determine if they meet expectations for functionality, reliability, performance, and security. Since APIs lack a GUI, API testing is performed at the message layer. API testing is now considered critical for automating testing because APIs now serve as the primary interface to application logic and because &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GUI tests&lt;/a&gt; are difficult to maintain with the short release cycles and frequent changes commonly used with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile software development&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DevOps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DevOps&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T15:28:08.727" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T15:28:08.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14960" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-01T10:50:19.870" Score="0" Body="API testing is a type of software testing that involves testing APIs directly and as part of integration testing to determine if they meet expectations for functionality, reliability, performance, and security." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T15:42:41.690" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T15:42:41.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14961" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-01T11:26:47.530" Score="2" ViewCount="932" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have QA, Staging and Production environments. Out of these QA environment is changing(new build) almost daily (if its not the case with everyone lets just imagine it, for sake of the problem).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every time a new build comes the locators (XPath, ID, Name, CSS, Class etc.) changes and fail the Automation testcases. I want to prepare my Automation testcases in way that it won't fail even when locators changes i.e. when new build comes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My answer is prepare one properties file for each environment i.e. QA.properties, Staging.properties and Production.properties. Each property file has object repositories. Find and write new locators everytime there is change. But that would be a time consuming task, finding and then writing new locators everyday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is their any optimal way of doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T13:10:19.783" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T13:55:21.700" Title="How to handle regularly changing AUT in webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14948" CreationDate="2015-10-01T11:29:33.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The method used at my current location is a slight variation on the suggestions above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each team member has a personal superuser login whose password is known only to them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each team member then resets passwords on users in the dev, test, and staging environments and logs in as those users. For the applications where passwords expire they usually alternate between two known, common passwords.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team members also create users with known, common passwords. The known, common passwords are standard to the team. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases will simply give the privilege level of the user required, and the team member can either user approach 2 or 3 depending on the needs of the test case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T11:29:33.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14969" CreationDate="2015-10-01T13:01:52.363" Score="0" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I have a record with 20 fields (web app): name, address, age, ... etc. And I enter a test case in MTM with those fields (with dummy test data):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&#xA;@name in name field&#xA;@address in address field&#xA;@age in age field&#xA;....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I open the web app that I'm testing, I would like to populate fields with the dummy data that I have prepared for some undetermined amount of iterations with the same fields, various data (action play). Is there a way to accomplish this using TFS (MTM)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14575" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T17:59:11.853" Title="How would I approach the task of populating mulitple fields when running test with MS TFS (MTM)" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2015-10-01T13:16:17.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;SoapUI (or SoapUI Pro if the extra features appeal to you) would suffice. You can create a test suite, that has all the test calls you want to make under it and execute the entire test suite and save reports from it. You can use groovy scripts to automate parameterisation, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a Performance testing point of view, I've used both HP Loadrunner and JMeter to automate/performance test API calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8894" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T13:16:17.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14749" CreationDate="2015-10-01T13:33:40.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My rule of thumb when designing UI tests is to do a basic check that the UI works, but coverage of the exact logic really should be shifted further down the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testing pyramid&lt;/a&gt; (this will save execution time, plus lower level tests are better suited to it). A simple check of the first and last elements should suffice. That said, if you don't have good coverage on a lower level, some coverage is better than none.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, let's say you can retrieve a list of elements in your page object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By stuffSelector = By.id(&quot;stuff-&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; getStuffList(){&#xA;   return getDriver().findElements(stuffSelector);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// alternative java8 solution which makes it easier dealing with strings instead of webelements&#xA;public List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; getStuffStringList() {&#xA;    return getDriver().findElements(stuffSelector).stream()&#xA;         .map(WebElement::getText)&#xA;         .collect(Collectors.toList());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have pagination, you'll have to loop whilst there are more pages and add it to the list as you go:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; getPaginatedStuffList() {&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; stuff = getStuffList();&#xA;    boolean morePages = areThereMorePages(); // implement this yourself&#xA;&#xA;    while(morePages) {&#xA;        clickNextButton();&#xA;        stuff.addAll(getStuffList());&#xA;        morePages = areThereMorePages(); &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    return stuff;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you can then do is get an unsorted list before it's sorted, hit your UI sort, and grab a second sorted list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then sort your first list through code, and make sure that it's the same as your second list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list1 = somePage.getStuffList();&#xA;somePage.sortStuff();&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list2 = somePage.getStuffList();&#xA;&#xA;// sorts list1 according to a comparator - I've simply compared the texts of the elements but you may wish to do something more complex..&#xA;list1.sort((e1, e2) -&amp;gt; e1.getText().compareTo(e2.getText()));&#xA;&#xA;// feel free to iterate over the whole list if you really want&#xA;assertThat(list1.get(0).getText()).isEqualTo(list2.get(0).getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, this is pretty verbose, though. If you have access to the excellent &lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AssertJ&lt;/a&gt; libraries, you can assert a list is sorted using a comparator directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; stuff = somePage.getStuffList();    &#xA;assertThat(stuff).isSortedAccordingTo((e1, e2) -&amp;gt; e1.getText().compareTo(e2.getText()));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8211" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T13:33:40.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14966" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14967" CreationDate="2015-10-01T16:04:04.830" Score="2" ViewCount="2696" Body="&lt;p&gt;Doing some research on GIT has me interested that my company isn't using it as a best practice. I recently read through this diagram that is highly recommended by a lot of people and am wondering the following question &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Where does the testing take place?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Here is the link for the workflow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Git branching model by Vincent Driessen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would assume that testing would take place in the release branch, but I also see a few other places that might require testing. Thanks for your help ahead of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T18:04:46.873" Title="Where does QA fit into a common git branch flow" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14966" CreationDate="2015-10-01T16:44:44.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This greatly depends, but if you only start testing in the release branch its way to late. I think QA should be integrated into the development teams and not as an after thought.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked on two teams who used a similar branching flow as the git-flow from Vincent. I will tell you where we do what kind of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature branch&lt;/strong&gt; (before merged into the develop branch)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add Unit, Integration and Acceptance/GUI-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time boxed manual exploratory testing session&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Develop / Sprint branch&lt;/strong&gt; (Feature gets merged here when it meets our Definition of Done)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Product owners: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plays with the new feature on an automated deployed version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shows potential users the new feature on in online demonstration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Release branch&lt;/strong&gt; (Develop gets merged here once every (1-3) sprint(s))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User acceptance tests (Deploy to client acceptance environment)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual regression tests (if any)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current team releases every 3-4 sprints (of 3 weeks long), we also do the following extra testing in a release sprint:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Master&lt;/strong&gt; (Release gets merged here, when all bugs have been fixed ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upgrade to all clients&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hotfix&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing of changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a merge to another branch or release we always:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-run all the automated tests, in order to find any integration issues as soon as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploy to a staging environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If possible you want to-do as much automated testing and use a continuous delivery model and release new features as soon as possible. By which you minimize the ammount of manual testing done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T18:04:46.873" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T18:04:46.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14055" CreationDate="2015-10-01T17:25:38.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use both. We use (highly customized) Bugzilla to track/triage bugs and feature requests, and excel spreadsheet to track items related to upcoming release. Some bugs (all but the simplest changes) might have multiple entries in the spreadsheet, and sometimes bug is split into two phases - and few items are deferred for next release (and if so, new bug as &quot;phase 2 of bug 1234&quot; are created).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bugzilla allows us to keep the history of the changes&lt;/strong&gt; as bug goes through the workflow process, including audit many months later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spreadsheet allows us to track more minute details&lt;/strong&gt; which will be all (most) implemented within 2 weeks so are &lt;strong&gt;in fresh memory&lt;/strong&gt; and there is no need of preserving change history (they are just flipped from requested to implemented, according to priorities). It also a&lt;strong&gt;llows us to see overall picture&lt;/strong&gt; how the release is shaping up across all bugs/change requests included in the release (and with all the minute details which is not worth entering into bugzilla).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we would start now, we would probably &lt;strong&gt;used Trac&lt;/strong&gt;, because (beyond what Steve Barnes mentioned in his good answer) it includes also &lt;strong&gt;wiki for technical documentation&lt;/strong&gt;, integrated with bug database, and changeset viewer in the browser. Wiki documentation is a killer feature IMHO (I am big on docs), but we started with a separate wiki before Trac (our project is rather old as you can see) and there is no will to redo the customizations from bugzilla in Trac, even if everyone agrees it would be cool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jira becomes quite expensive quickly, especially if you want to use some more expensive plugins for bigger teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T17:25:38.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14963" CreationDate="2015-10-01T17:52:46.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you need to create your test cases in MTM and enter values for the parameters in the Parameters section of the test cases (I guess this you have already achieved). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2EasI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2EasI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you move to the '&lt;strong&gt;Test&lt;/strong&gt;' tab of your MTM and select the child tab '&lt;strong&gt;Run Tests&lt;/strong&gt;', add your test suite to be executed to this tab (if not already added). Then, when you click the '&lt;strong&gt;Run&lt;/strong&gt;' option then MTM will get changed to a side panel bar and will prompt for '&lt;strong&gt;Starting Test&lt;/strong&gt;' (as shown below), now you need to check the checkbox '&lt;strong&gt;Create Action Recording&lt;/strong&gt;' and navigate to the application in Internet Explorer (as per your test steps).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ySqjt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ySqjt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your actions are being recorded for this test case, now copy the parameter 1 (like Firstname, by clicking on the parameter) and then enter it in its required field on the application Form. Once you do this, your Parameter '&lt;strong&gt;@Firstname&lt;/strong&gt;' will automatically gets mapped with the '&lt;strong&gt;First Name&lt;/strong&gt;' field on the application form and it will show you a yellow sign (like shown for Database in front of the parameter name in execution panel as shown below). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0aMGK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0aMGK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do this for all the 20 parameters you have and MTM will map then automatically and save your recording. Now, you can play back your actions for different type of test data using the '&lt;strong&gt;Play&lt;/strong&gt;' option and then MTM will insert test data in all 20 (mapped) fields automatically for the different combination of parameters as defined by you and will perform further actions as recorded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/25fLT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/25fLT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you don't need to manually enter all test data parameter combinations and your test steps (actions) will get recorded and executed on run time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can refer these links (&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd293545.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link1&lt;/a&gt;  and &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286714.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link2&lt;/a&gt;) for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-01T17:59:11.853" LastActivityDate="2015-10-01T17:59:11.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14971" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-01T20:27:18.180" Score="3" ViewCount="265" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to give background about the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few weeks back I started using VSTS Ultimate 2013 for Performance and Load testing (this is Client's demand to use only VSTS), earlier than that I have worked on other tools for the Performance and Load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, we have to implement a Sync point known as &lt;strong&gt;Rendezvous point&lt;/strong&gt; in VSTS performance tests (Rendezvous point is basically Load Runner term as far as I know). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This Rendezvous point instruct virtual users to wait during test&#xA;  execution for multiple virtual users to arrive at a certain point, in&#xA;  order that they may simultaneously perform a task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched a lot and found that VSTS does not have this functionality as in built feature (not at least up to VSTS 2012). Reference &lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/3bf319bc-c4d8-4b96-b6ba-ad6b3fda1dce/how-can-we-put-rendezvous-point-in-vsts-2012&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had found a &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/billbar/archive/2006/02/09/528649.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; which states that this kind of thing can be achieved only by writing code in VSTS, but this link also states that this is for Unit and Web test created in VSTS that are being used as Load test, whereas I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/987255/Load-Test-in-Cloud-using-Visual-Studio-Ultimate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Record and playback&lt;/a&gt; functionality &lt;em&gt;(similar to the process described in this link)&lt;/em&gt; of VSTS Ultimate 2013 for Recording Web Performance test and then using them as Load tests. So, how this solution can work for me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas on how I can achieve this thing in VSTS 2013 Ultimate and What I need to do for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T20:19:46.950" LastActivityDate="2021-04-16T09:47:31.663" Title="Sync/Rendezvous point in VSTS 2013" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14932" CreationDate="2015-10-02T04:54:53.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It was Database Real Application Testing. &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Yes it is same &quot;Oracle Real Application Testing&quot; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oracle 11g Real Application Testing is able to capture the workload on an Oracle 10g database then replay it on an 11g database to see what has improved, remain unchanged, and what has regressed.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T04:54:53.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14961" CreationDate="2015-10-02T06:28:07.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you avoiding full/absolute xpaths?  How much does the text the user sees change in relation to xpaths?  If for example you want to click a save button, rather than using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/div[4]/div/div/div/table/tr[2]/td[2]/button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//button[normalize-space(.)='Save']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to enter some text into a two column table (labels on the left, inputs on the right) rather than use something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/div[4]/div/div/div/table/tr[2]/td[2]/input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would go with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td[normalize-space(.)='First Name']/../following-sibling::*/td/input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I go a bit further in extracting these xpaths to utility methods where I am passing in the text bit.  So for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void typeIntoLabeledInput(String label, String text) {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//td[normalize-space(.)='&quot; + label +&#xA;        &quot;']/../following-sibling::*/td/input&quot;)).sendKeys(text);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These xpaths will run a bit slower than absolute xpaths it's a bit of a trade off between your time keeping them up to date and the time it takes the tests to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5241" LastEditorUserId="5241" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T07:28:36.603" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T07:28:36.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14974" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-02T06:51:09.280" Score="1" ViewCount="1216" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently trying to automate Adobe CQ5 web based application using Selenium Web driver. Is it feasible to automate this application? As this applications is basically designed by the BA guys by selecting the standard templates and design the page by drag and drop the components from sidekick and provide the properties for the components. Then activate the designed page. Once the page is activated the user can publish the page. Any suggestions please!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to create a wrapper methods for Mouse Right Click, Double Click, Context Menu options like New, Open, Save, Delete? Similarly I have 5 popup windows where the user clicks OK button. Locator ID for OK button keeps changing every time we refresh the page. Hence the script is not able to identify the OK button. We are working on a workaround to click the OK button to save the Content Paragraph component. Moreover, the main observation is that each component behavior and identification properties are unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any solution is highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14673" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T14:52:30.277" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T14:57:23.067" Title="Automating Adobe CQ5 web based application using Selenium Web driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13669" CreationDate="2015-10-02T11:51:53.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        // settings.setBrowserName(&quot;firefox&quot;);&#xA;        settings.setPlatform(Platform.WIN8_1);&#xA;        // Node 1 will be Launched with FF in  Windows 8 &#xA;&#xA;        settings.setBrowserName(&quot;chrome&quot;);&#xA;        settings.setPlatform(Platform.LINUX);&#xA;&#xA;        // Node 2 will be launched with Chrome in Linux&#xA;&#xA;        driver = new RemoteWebDriver(hubURL, settings);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        // Maximize the Browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14675" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T11:51:53.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2015-10-02T12:25:38.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; as it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;free&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can be used for load testing as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can be used for both &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RESTful and SOAP web services&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;provides &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JSONPathExtractor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON Path Extractor&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JSONPathAssertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON Path Assertion&lt;/a&gt; for correlation and conditionally setting pass/fail criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can be integrated with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverSampler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; so it will be a swiss-army-knife solution for all your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T12:25:38.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14961" CreationDate="2015-10-02T13:55:21.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Get your developers involved.&lt;/strong&gt; It sounds as if you already know how to write locators that are less susceptible to change.  Those techniques still require that certain properties of the page stay the same.  If IDs, names, CSS properties, and so on are constantly changing, you may need to talk to your developers about what you are trying to accomplish and how their HTML changes impact you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If your pages change constantly, it may not make sense to use automation.&lt;/strong&gt;  Automation makes the most sense when the implementation changes but the interface stays the same.  If  your pages change so much that you can't write reliable locators, ask yourself whether you would be better off testing by hand.  Or whether you should only automate the pages that don't change as much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T13:55:21.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14974" CreationDate="2015-10-02T14:57:23.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have had a look at how pages are created using Adobe CQ5 from a video tutorial &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PKZuIk-hUec&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, and I think Selenium should be able to handle automating this, or in other words, you can automate the web page creation (and adding other controls) using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it feasible to automate this application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think so. Since it is a web page application, I think you should have no issues automating this using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How to create a wrapper methods for Mouse Right Click, Double Click, Context Menu options like New, Open, Save, Delete&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would need to explore the API for the selected language that you choose. Selenium gives you the freedom of having your test designed independently of how it has been developed. It doesn't matter your website is designed using CQ5, Java, PHP. You can use Java written Selenium script to test the CQ5 application. No headaches there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Locator ID for OK button keeps changing every time we refresh the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium provides you several other methods to recognize a web element (using XPaths, CSS, Name, Link Text) etc, so you can choose another mechanism which suits you the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T14:57:23.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14979" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14982" CreationDate="2015-10-02T15:21:26.997" Score="3" ViewCount="1697" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the element is present in the html but, for the element to come into view it needs to be scrolled up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When clicking on this element Selenium webdriver does not throws any error but it does not click and moves to the next step without clicking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any way to check if it is not displayed, because &lt;code&gt;ele.isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; returns true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit : It is the problem with Internet Explorer only it seems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14679" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-03T06:31:44.203" LastActivityDate="2015-10-03T06:31:44.203" Title="The element is not clicked if the element is not visible on the screen even if it is displayed" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2015-10-02T15:21:56.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;ReadyAPI/SoapUI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI based so non-technical members can use it fairly easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assertions are built in so validations are available for the most part&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Majority of use cases can be implemented without customizations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can leverage functional tests for load/performance with additional LoadUI license&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cost - yearly license fee per user, per SmartBear product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reusability - lots of redundancy between test cases and test suites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can't fix issues with product - not open source. Need to wait for support team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jmeter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can create tests using GUI easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests can be easily modified to be used for load/performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depending on webserver, can take production traffic and replay it for testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding customizations (plugins) not as easy as it would seem&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Community - sometimes hard to find solutions to problems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Readability - looking through tests to understand what is going on can be tedious&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to use a BDD framework such as Cucumber. If your team is already writing tests using Selenium (and I assume a programming language such as Java), you can integrate these into the Cucumber framework, and you can add API tests here too. Its fairly easy to implement (if you are comfortable writing code), its free (Java/Cucumber/whatever http package you use), and it integrates very well with CI (Jenkins plugins), providing nice reports. Community is very involved and supportive. Tests are written in plain english using Gherkin, so anyone should be able to easily define scenarios and understand what tests are doing. Lastly, lots of repeatability - you can reuse steps very easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14677" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T15:21:56.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15017" CreationDate="2015-10-02T16:48:02.857" Score="2" ViewCount="5581" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium and working with xpath.   I am using selenium and java to write automated tests for chat messaging web application.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a way to take a webElement which contains multiple formatted text strings in HTML and add it to an array.  For example, the following message contains three words each have a type of formatting applied to it(Bold, Italics, Underline).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ms-txt&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&amp;gt;Test&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&amp;gt;Message&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&amp;gt;One&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to take each formatted message add it to array/list using Selenium/java.  I would assume the array would look like the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;0 : &amp;lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&amp;gt;Test&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;1 : &amp;lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&amp;gt;Message&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &#xA;2 : &amp;lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&amp;gt;One&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some caveats is the message is a single message and this would be its contents. This array/list would be used later to validate the formatted contents of a single message. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I figure I could always take the content of the div and pull the HTML content into a string then perform another operation to take the string put each formatted substring into an array/list.  I would rather find a way to pull the HTML substring and add it to an array/list from the get-go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas what I could try?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14559" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T08:22:18.190" Title="How to add HTML/text content of a &lt;div&gt; into an array/list?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14979" CreationDate="2015-10-02T16:53:41.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3475119/css-properties-display-vs-visibility&quot;&gt;display vs visibility in CSS&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Displayed element might be rendered (taking space on the page)  but invisible (hidden)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T16:53:41.137" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14983" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="14988" CreationDate="2015-10-02T18:03:09.267" Score="2" ViewCount="778" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a project, where we need to test both the UI and UX, and that needs to happen in separate. &#xA;How do I implement the UX part of this? UI for one thing, can be tested using Selenium, but UX part is tricky, because it depends on the User perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the suggestions I have found in our team discussions, is to have UX scenarios, built in during the Usability Testing of the application. How does this suggestion sound? I am open to any more ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched SQA SO, but apart from &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13462/what-are-the-similarities-and-differences-between-ux-as-a-software-quality-and-o&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, nothing seems to be substantial in this regard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T21:18:42.520" Title="How would you differentiate between UI (User Interface) and UX (User Experience) testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14983" CreationDate="2015-10-02T18:58:34.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;UI testing is about testing the mechanical aspects of the UI, e.g. &quot;Does filling out this form and clicking this button do what's expected?&quot;  You can automate parts of UI testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UX testing is about measuring how human beings interact with your UI, e.g. whether they are confused by the UI, or it frustrates them, or (in a bigger sense) lets them accomplish whatever they have been led to believe it will do.  I don't know how to automate UX testing.  Ideally, this happens with people who fit your user profile and who do not know you or care what you think, i.e. not the developer sitting next to you or your manager or the marketing person down the hall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T18:58:34.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14983" CreationDate="2015-10-02T19:02:55.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;See as per my knowledge I will say that both differs to each other many respects but yes they are often either miss-considered or one of them is not considered at all (and that is UX testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UI testing&lt;/strong&gt; is more related to &lt;strong&gt;GUI testing&lt;/strong&gt; (Graphical User Interface) i.e. the overall look and feel of the application. It put stress on the appeal of the application like the positioning of the fields, Color of the buttons, tabs. In my opinion this testing is quite important because this is the thing which differentiates between Homemade food and Restaurant food, because there all the dishes are well dressed and served. Also, from user perspective (human perspective) first thing which catches mind attention are the looks of the application and when you get a new release (lets say after 6 months) and you find UI to be updated/changed then definitely it gives a impression that something has changed in the application (especially the end users). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the senior people of the organization (who got a product developed) pay more attention to this UI testing as they need it to be in sync with other products and company Logo and its color etc. I have worked for a client where even 1 pixel of UI distortion was not considered good as they use to pay more (or equal) attention to both UI and functionality. This testing becomes more tedious when you have to test multiple browsers (because sometimes designer have to design browser level CSS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now coming to UX&lt;/strong&gt; i.e. User Experience testing. In our Organization this kind of testing is done by a separate team (known as &lt;strong&gt;SAU&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Security Accessibility and Usability testing)&lt;/strong&gt; and very often we include QAs from other projects (we don't include our team QAs for this testing). This testing includes Overall experience of the User with application (User can compare it with other standard applications too, if he/she wants). It includes Accessibility and Usability of the application for different types and different minds of users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. User here tests that for creating a new record he need to make 5 extra clicks which can be saved, How easy and user friendly is the application is for him/her as a user? So, it can be done manually with Users enriched with such knowledge. That's why I mentioned earlier that we don't include our regular QAs in this testing, because by the time we reach to this stage of testing they already had a mind set that application works in this way, hence they were not able to find UX issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UX testing is often neglected or not considered during the delivery of projects for many reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T19:09:13.583" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T19:09:13.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14983" CreationDate="2015-10-02T20:18:24.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding, in simplest terms:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI testing - does the User Interface work as intended?&#xA;UX  testing - is the intended User Interface even good in the first place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI testing is the job of QA (make sure all the buttons work, verify expected behaviors, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UX testing is for a separate team entirely. A UI can have no defects or bugs, but it might still be a horrible user interface in terms of usability, and that's where UX comes in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastEditorUserId="8937" LastEditDate="2015-10-02T20:57:04.107" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T20:57:04.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="34236" CreationDate="2015-10-02T20:56:50.127" Score="1" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a scenario-based manual test script and would like to reference my TFS test cases for detailed steps, so the script can just say &quot;Add an item to the cart by running Test Case 1100&quot; instead of including all the steps needed in the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to directly start running a test case from a URL in TFS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14396" LastActivityDate="2018-06-14T13:54:01.607" Title="Start the TFS Web Test Runner From a URL" Tags="&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14983" CreationDate="2015-10-02T21:18:42.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;All answers properly describe the distinction between UI and UX testing. But how to &lt;strong&gt;test UX&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Popular method to test differences between two designs is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A/B_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;A/B testing&lt;/a&gt;. But to get statistically significant results, you need to test on big samples  (hundreds or thousands) of users (randomly assigning design A to one set of users, and design B to the rest, and measuring differences of whatever you want to improve).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other that that, UX is validated by heuristics and &quot;rules of thumb of good UX design&quot;, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nngroup.com/articles/top-10-mistakes-web-design/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Top 10 Mistakes in Web Design&lt;/a&gt;. Jakob Nielsen website is treasure trove of UX ideas, he does UX for living for 20+ years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-10-02T21:18:42.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11982" CreationDate="2015-10-03T11:10:22.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look into the error logs. You can find them in the path definied in &lt;code&gt;config.inc.php&lt;/code&gt; of testlink. The variable is called &lt;code&gt;$tlCfg-&amp;gt;log_path&lt;/code&gt;. Default is &lt;code&gt;/var/testlink/logs&lt;/code&gt; for Unix but you can change it whatever you want, even on win.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Than you will find more information about it in the log. For me it was that &lt;code&gt;cURL&lt;/code&gt; was not activated for the issue tracker to work with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-10-03T11:10:22.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14990" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15021" CreationDate="2015-10-03T11:12:37.710" Score="0" ViewCount="595" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how I can assign a test case to a specific user. Is there a way to assign it to the role &quot;tester&quot;, so that any free tester can execute it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T17:45:15.273" Title="Testlink: How to assign test cases to a role?" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14917" CreationDate="2015-10-03T11:19:40.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're talking about this dialog on start of JMeter's proxy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M2lGh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M2lGh.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter proxy&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not an error at all. It is about self-signed certificate which is required when you record HTTPS traffic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you recording plain HTTP - you can simply ignore this information box. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you record HTTPS/SSL - you'll need to take an extra step to install ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt file (it's being generated in bin folder of your JMeter installation) into your browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/recording-https-traffic-jmeters-proxy-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Recording HTTPS Traffic with JMeter's Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt; guide for more detailed explanation and some troubleshooting tips. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-03T11:19:40.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14992" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-03T13:52:22.803" Score="3" ViewCount="1206" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner Software tester. I have started to learn test automation of web apps using selenium webdriver in java. Till now I can just automate simple login functionality. I want to know all about test automation frameworks? What are some good practices to implement a framework. How to use design patterns in a framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any good books, tutorials, material to learn about automation frameworks for a beginner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14688" LastEditorUserId="8685" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T14:04:45.823" LastActivityDate="2021-04-29T09:16:37.203" Title="What is Software Test Automation Framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14992" CreationDate="2015-10-03T18:33:39.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I liked the &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Selenium Testing Tools Cookbook&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. You should try it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When people use a proven structure of handling (maintenance of script, running test) automation test scripts, which is suitable as per their requirement that’s an automation framework. Anyone can create his or her own framework as well which might be customized as per need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the most common and use frameworks are: Keyword driven, Behavior  driven (cucumber-Jvm), Data Driven ,TESTNG frame work etc. People can also mix it and can make hybrid framework too!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to search of Google. A lot books of  are there. You can also search and read first to get the familiar with the ideas before you pick a book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14692" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T15:10:00.380" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T15:10:00.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14016" CreationDate="2015-10-03T22:30:47.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, you should gather the end user requirements i.e. about TVs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, the question is incomplete. It just said about &quot;TV&quot;. In this case, you need to throw lot of questions about TV before you start creating test scenarios and estimating the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What type of TV?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the dimension of the product?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of features that TV supports?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it a Smart TV, Plasma TV, LED, LCD, HD etc?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of TV accessories are in-scope?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI aspects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance aspects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Durability aspects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliability aspects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;End-user warranty details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security aspects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Power supply options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you need to create use cases and get a sign-off from the manufacturer. After sign-off, you can start creating test scenarios and test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5197" LastActivityDate="2015-10-03T22:30:47.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="14999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14992" CreationDate="2015-10-04T03:34:05.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is what Google translated me when I searched the meaning of the word Framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;an essential supporting structure of a building, vehicle, or object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a basic structure underlying a system, concept, or text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is precisely what Test Automation Frameworks are all about in Software Testing also. I assume you know what automation means and so I'm not gonna go into that. Coming directly on your questions :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know all about test automation frameworks? what are they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Framework can be defined as a set of guidelines which when followed produce beneficial results&lt;/strong&gt;. When speaking in terms of Software testing, these can be set of guidelines like coding standards , test-data handling , object repository treatment etc. which when followed during automation scripting produce beneficial outcomes like increase code re-usage , higher portability , reduced script maintenance cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the most commonly used frameworks are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Module based framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Library Architecture&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Driven&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keyword Driven&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hybrid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Behavior Driven&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can easily find definitions of these on web. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/test-automation-frameworks-selenium-tutorial-20/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is a detailed description of all of these&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other to read about Test Frameworks are these :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.colorado.edu/%7Ekena/classes/5828/s12/presentation-materials/ghanakotagayatri.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.evoketechnologies.com/blog/popular-test-automation-frameworks-uft/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.evoketechnologies.com/blog/popular-test-automation-frameworks-uft/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what are some good practices to implement a framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While implementing a test framework you might want to consider quite a few things like cost and budget, resource, expectations. &lt;a href=&quot;https://qatechnicals.wordpress.com/fundamentals/automation-testing-frameworks/factors-to-consider/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is a detailed description in my blog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to use design patterns in a framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this depends on how and which framework are you going to use. For example, POM (Page Object Model) seems to be a popular choice with frameworks having Selenium as automation tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good books :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tutorial.top10inaction.com/best-automation-testing-books/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link with a list of good books&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.in/Designing-Implementing-Test-Automation-Frameworks/dp/1782171029?tag=googinhydr18418-21&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;One for QTP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pluralsight.com/courses/automated-testing-framework-selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;One for Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the links mentioned above should serve well for other purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-10-04T03:34:05.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3253" CreationDate="2015-10-04T05:17:21.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Drawing 3 points which will create a polygon and the last double click ends the drawing process code described bellow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;xpath of canvas&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    Action drawAction = builder.moveToElement(element,135,15) //start points x axis and y axis. &#xA;              .click()&#xA;              .moveByOffset(200, 60) // 2nd points (x1,y1)&#xA;              .click()&#xA;              .moveByOffset(100, 70)// 3rd points (x2,y2)&#xA;              .doubleClick()&#xA;              .build();&#xA;    drawAction.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12527" LastActivityDate="2015-10-04T05:17:21.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2015-10-04T22:45:19.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you want to test the feature or the performance of your API?&#xA;To performance you can use JMeter, that is the more famous tool to performance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To tests features and HTTP methods, you can use SOAPUI that is good, but is not free, if you are acquainted with javascript you can use frisby.js or chakram.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11555" LastActivityDate="2015-10-04T22:45:19.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2015-10-05T01:29:57.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is coming from a .NET background but the concepts apply to any language/environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I write my tests in Gherkin/SpecFlow which has a good syntax for viewing what the test is at a high level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: GET /recipes&#xA;    Given I've set my authentication token&#xA;    When I get &quot;/recipes&quot;&#xA;    Then only my recipes should be downloaded&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I've made the request my assertions are pretty simple. I look for the following pieces in this order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The response's status code (200, 403, 422, etc...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The JSON Schema (&lt;a href=&quot;http://json-schema.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://json-schema.org&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The data of the response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use this order because the test will break at the faster/smaller assertions first. I.e testing the status code is faster than pulling data from the db and mapping it to JSON.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The assertion syntax is deeply influenced by &lt;a href=&quot;http://frisbyjs.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Frisby.js&lt;/a&gt; with a syntax similar to the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ValidateResponse(lastResponse)&#xA;    .ExpectStatus(HttpStatusCode.OK)&#xA;    .ExpectJsonSchema(JsonSchema.Recipes.Detail)&#xA;    .ExpectJson(SerializedDataAsJson());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14704" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T01:29:57.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15005" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-05T05:42:24.713" Score="1" ViewCount="1268" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;oPortalUser_LoginID&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxx&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;oPortalUser_Password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xx&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;xxx&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After clicking on Login button, it takes lot of time to load. So am not able to identify an element from the next line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='LftNav']/ul/li[7]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried implicit and explicit waits. But its not working every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12363" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-05T17:23:11.343" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T17:23:11.343" Title="My page takes long time to load so am not able to identify an element from the page.Please provide me a solution" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15005" CreationDate="2015-10-05T05:45:24.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;if u tried with Implicit and Explicit wait last try with below code you might get success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@id='text3']&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2015-10-05T05:56:55.903" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T05:56:55.903" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3840" CreationDate="2015-10-05T05:50:21.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;if u are using testng framework the and test time out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(timeOut=1000)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T05:50:21.193" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2015-10-05T06:18:09.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;By looking at your question I have one possible solution for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your test platform supports it, try adding priority to each test method, because multiple @Test methods run in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-10-05T11:20:38.703" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T11:20:38.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14594" CreationDate="2015-10-05T06:55:09.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to use Actions for this. in this am printing the mouse hover message in Google &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Actions ToolTip1 = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    WebElement googleLogo = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='hplogo']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;    ToolTip1.clickAndHold(googleLogo).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perform mouse hover action using 'clickAndHold' method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get the value of Tool tip by using 'getAttribute' command&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    String ToolTipText = googleLogo.getAttribute(&quot;title&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(ToolTipText, &quot;Google&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Tooltip value is: &quot; + ToolTipText);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12363" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T06:55:09.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14594" CreationDate="2015-10-05T07:50:04.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; webElements=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='Tooltip']&quot;));   &#xA;         for(int i=0;i&amp;lt; webElements.size(); i++)   &#xA;         {  &#xA;         System.out.println(webElements.get(i).getText());  &#xA;         }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should print the text for all the tool-tips present here as the class name for all the tool-tips is &quot;Tooltip&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-10-05T11:33:56.237" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T11:33:56.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15005" CreationDate="2015-10-05T08:41:37.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checkout this link:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/978740/javascript-how-to-detect-if-document-has-loaded-ie-7-firefox-3&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/978740/javascript-how-to-detect-if-document-has-loaded-ie-7-firefox-3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can use javascript to check if the document has loaded or not, and can perform your actions accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T08:41:37.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15013" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17216" CreationDate="2015-10-05T08:43:25.713" Score="1" ViewCount="4133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have mapped Requirement to Test Cases in ALM.  There is a need in my current project to map Requirement to Scenarios and then map Scenarios to Test Cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Req1 -&amp;gt; Scenario1 -&amp;gt; TestCase1&#xA;Req1 -&amp;gt; Scenario1 -&amp;gt; TestCase2&#xA;Req1 -&amp;gt; Scenario1 -&amp;gt; TestCase3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried creating this structure in ALM.  I put 'Scenario1' under 'Req1' in requirements tab and mapped all 3 Test Cases to 'Scenario1' (both 'Req1' and 'Scenario1' are created as 'Functional).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When all the Test Cases are 'Passed', I see 'Scenario1' getting updated as 'Passed' but 'Req1' is still in 'Not Covered' status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/11A7T.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/11A7T.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I have to also map all the Test Cases to 'Req1' as well?  or Is there any other cleaner way to achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastEditorUserId="2862" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T11:38:45.103" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T16:12:25.230" Title="HP ALM 12.01: How to do a mapping of Requirement -&gt; Scenarios -&gt; Test Cases?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;hp-alm-12.01&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-05T08:59:15.547" Score="3" ViewCount="451" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you create &lt;code&gt;Call to Test&lt;/code&gt; there is a choice to set &lt;code&gt;Actual Value&lt;/code&gt; of each parameter in called test (let's name it &lt;code&gt;hard-value&lt;/code&gt;). If you do not specify the value it's possible to specify it in &lt;code&gt;Test Configuration&lt;/code&gt; parameters (let's name it &lt;code&gt;link-value&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I have told in post &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14340/how-can-i-set-different-parameters-for-two-different-calls-to-call-to-test-in-hp&quot;&gt;'Set different params for two calls to test in single test-set'&lt;/a&gt; it's only possible to use &lt;code&gt;hard-value&lt;/code&gt; (as there is no answers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I need to improve my test-sets and also change several &lt;code&gt;hard-value&lt;/code&gt; params.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jtm0f.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jtm0f.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Edit test step&lt;/code&gt; button opens call to test without any possibility to edit &lt;code&gt;hard-value&lt;/code&gt; params (and to edit anything at all). And I can't see any other way of even trying to edit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution till now:&lt;/strong&gt; create new call to test and delete old one (it's too bad cause you have to fill in about ten params instead of editing single one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2021-02-22T15:00:45.133" Title="Is it possible to edit 'hard-value' parameters of 'Call to Test' in HP ALM?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;hp-alm-12.20&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15015" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15023" CreationDate="2015-10-05T09:04:24.943" Score="1" ViewCount="5002" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've a variable &lt;code&gt;foobar&lt;/code&gt; defined with the value &lt;code&gt;my_value&lt;/code&gt;. When the sequence &lt;code&gt;${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; appears within a test component, it is converted into &lt;code&gt;my_value&lt;/code&gt;. How can we stop this conversion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples that do not work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is &lt;code&gt;my_value&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\\${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is &lt;code&gt;\my_value&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\\\${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\$\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\\$\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\\\$\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$\\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\$\\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\\$\\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\\\$\\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$\\\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\$\\\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\\$\\\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\\\$\\\{foobar}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;\$\{foobar\}&lt;/code&gt; (output is input)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of the inputs above produces the output  &lt;code&gt;${foobar}&lt;/code&gt;. How can we &lt;strong&gt;escape&lt;/strong&gt; the sequence &lt;code&gt;${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; to avoid it being converted into &lt;code&gt;my_value&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note: I know that using BSF string works, e.g. &lt;code&gt;${__javaScript(&quot;\$foobar&quot;)}&lt;/code&gt; but that's an extremely &lt;em&gt;hacky&lt;/em&gt; (and messy) fix.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11978" LastEditorUserId="11978" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T02:57:28.423" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T05:16:38.197" Title="How to escape JMeter variables within test components?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15016" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15031" CreationDate="2015-10-05T11:16:44.733" Score="1" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am performing Black-box testing on a DLL. First API I have is &lt;code&gt;connect&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;connect&lt;/code&gt; accepts certain parameters, performs certain operations (Which include COM port and/or LAN access) and if it is first call then launches an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to call &lt;code&gt;disconnect&lt;/code&gt; after every test to clear up what &lt;code&gt;connect&lt;/code&gt; has done to have a clean environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probem is &lt;code&gt;disconnect&lt;/code&gt; is also a function given by same DLL and I will be testing it after this. But I don't want to depend on any other API of DLL-Under-Test during it's test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way by which I can clear Memory allocated, Applications triggered, Port bindings by a DLL externally?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8222" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T12:05:39.063" Title="Clearing data loaded by a DLL" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14981" CreationDate="2015-10-05T12:08:18.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to get &lt;code&gt;innerHTML&lt;/code&gt; attribute of the div.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//*[@class='ms-txt']/div&amp;quot;)).getAttribute(&amp;quot;innerHTML&amp;quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T08:22:18.190" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T08:22:18.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14981" CreationDate="2015-10-05T13:45:02.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should try to avoid xpath. It's usually slow in comparison with other methods, and when trying to get nested elements, xpaths can be get long and unmantainable.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Anyhow, if what you want is to just pull the visible string, you can use &lt;code&gt;yourElement.getText()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In this particular case, if you want to get the texts into a list, you could simply do something like:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; texts = new ArrayList&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;ms-txt&quot;)).findElements(By.tagName(&quot;span&quot;)).forEach(e -&amp;gt; texts.add(e.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note that this is Java 8. For 7 and before, you would need a normal for loop)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6740" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T13:45:02.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14992" CreationDate="2015-10-05T15:20:06.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a beginner, you are by definition not (yet) able to design proper framework, so don't waste your time. Start coding, and framework will emerge from your code after you make it work and refactor out code specific to your use case. Possibly after you do it second or third time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check &quot;page object&quot; design pattern, I used it to great benefit to my in-house framework. &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work/8491#8491&quot;&gt;This answer&lt;/a&gt; (and the question) has more links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T15:20:06.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15015" CreationDate="2015-10-05T15:40:19.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the functionality of JMeter (like any other tool) to pass value of parameter when it's related variable is encountered with correct syntax. Even if I use some other tool and syntax of tool says when you encounter &lt;code&gt;'${Firstname}'&lt;/code&gt; variable then replace it with its value as bound by the user, it will replace the same no matter whether I want to replace it at that time or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for your issue, you can implement this with the help of 2 variables (if there is a possibility in your script) e.g. use variable &lt;code&gt;${foobar1}&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;${foobar2}&lt;/code&gt; and bind only variable &lt;code&gt;${foobar1}&lt;/code&gt; with a CSV file of other parameter but don't bind &lt;code&gt;${foobar2}&lt;/code&gt; with any parameter. Now, use &lt;code&gt;${foobar1}&lt;/code&gt; only at those places in your script where you want to replace it with its value and at other places use &lt;code&gt;${foobar2}&lt;/code&gt;, in this way when your script is executed &lt;code&gt;${foobar1}&lt;/code&gt; will be replaced with the value and &lt;code&gt;${foobar2}&lt;/code&gt; will be used as it is (i.e. your input will be output). When variable is not bound to any value then it will passed as it is to the script during execution in JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to use two variables as mentioned above and then bind &lt;code&gt;${foobar2}&lt;/code&gt; with the value &lt;code&gt;${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; i.e. the value of second variable should be &lt;code&gt;${foobar}&lt;/code&gt; in your CSV, so when script is executed &lt;code&gt;${foobar1}&lt;/code&gt; is replaced with actual value and &lt;code&gt;${foobar2}&lt;/code&gt; will be replaced with value &lt;code&gt;${foobar}&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more work around for this is possible if you have to achieve this configuration for different HTTP Requests as shown below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: This is what you want to achieve&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fSSTI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fSSTI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, you need to use the CSV file (variables) only within the HTTP Request scope as shown below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hjeMd.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hjeMd.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; This will increase your effort, but as said these are the work-arounds which will provide you what you want to achieve without using BSF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T15:40:19.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14990" CreationDate="2015-10-05T17:45:15.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used TestLink a lot but, as per what I have used it seems not feasible. Because you can assign test cases only to a Role-User (a person generally from Tester role) for execution and update, but it can't be assigned only to a Role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For resolving your issue and for achieving what you are trying to do, you can create a dummy user (Passive user) which should not be existing in realty but only in your system like '&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/-1/community&quot;&gt;Community user&lt;/a&gt;' of &lt;strong&gt;SQA&lt;/strong&gt; and assign it Tester role. So, any test case(s) assigned to this user should be considered as &lt;strong&gt;'Open for execution by any tester'&lt;/strong&gt; test cases and any tester can pick them for execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you see that there is no such feasibility in your project to create such a user then you should assign such test cases to either QA Lead or Team Lead (one who is not responsible for execution) and treat those cases as &lt;strong&gt;'Open for execution'&lt;/strong&gt;. This will not require any new user or anything else, such you need to inform all for this change of process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-05T17:45:15.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13293" CreationDate="2015-10-06T03:39:19.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see the same with version 2.13, I actually tried 2.11 and the checkbox is not being cleared. Try downloading version 2.11 from &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.apache.org/dist/jmeter/binaries/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://archive.apache.org/dist/jmeter/binaries/&lt;/a&gt; (haven't tried 2.12)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14716" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T03:39:19.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15015" CreationDate="2015-10-06T05:16:38.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually there is no way to do it differently. Another non-scripting option is replacing 1st character (which is &lt;code&gt;$&lt;/code&gt;) with equivalent provided via &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__char&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__char()&lt;/a&gt; function like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ${__char(36)}{foobar}=${foobar}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ryWpS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ryWpS.png&quot; alt=&quot;Char function&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also it is not very recommended to use JavaScript (or any other languages except &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.groovy-lang.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;groovy&lt;/a&gt;) for scripting as it may become the bottleneck in case of severe loads and ruin your test. So consider using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#jsr223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Test Elements&lt;/a&gt; and make sure that you select &quot;groovy&quot; language in the dropdown. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/beanshell-vs-jsr223-vs-java-jmeter-scripting-its-performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beanshell vs JSR223 vs Java JMeter Scripting: The Performance-Off You've Been Waiting For!&lt;/a&gt; article for more details, different scripting engines performance benchmarks, groovy engine installation instructions and scripting best practices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T05:16:38.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15025" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-06T07:02:26.307" Score="7" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have come across different estimation techniques like &lt;code&gt;Delphi&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;WBS&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;3 point estimation&lt;/code&gt; etc. These techniques work only when you know about the application(website).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's suppose I have to give estimates for a website which I never worked on, not even my team members have any experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I can give testing estimates of a website which is built on the Insurance domain but I or my team member only know about the Investment Domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How are we going to give estimates for unknown application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T12:19:35.623" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T12:19:35.623" Title="Giving test estimation for unknown application" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15026" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-06T08:39:19.790" Score="2" ViewCount="47094" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried with the xpath like &lt;code&gt;&quot;//HTMLtag[contains(text(),'Yourtext')&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;contains(text(),'Yourtext')]&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, but this case worked for the particular html tag and not for the different tags. how to make it to work for different tags like &#xA;&lt;code&gt;&quot;//HTMLtag[contains(text(),'Yourtext')]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//HTMLtag[contains(text(),'Yourtext')]&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here is the HTML snippet. Have to select admin of group from the below code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;widget&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;widget-body&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h3 class=&quot;h3b&quot;&amp;gt;Admin&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h4 class=&quot;h4a&quot;&amp;gt;Group&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;widget-body&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h3 class=&quot;h3b&quot;&amp;gt;Admin&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h4 class=&quot;h4a&quot;&amp;gt;Class&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is appreciated...!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13277" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T10:15:45.850" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T14:13:22.617" Title="How to use multiple condition in xpath?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15036" CreationDate="2015-10-06T09:40:30.763" Score="1" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;General User acceptance testing test cases of any application or software.&#xA;Test cases of user acceptance testing like some of below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add tab functionality in a form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shortcut keys of saving any form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to check user acceptance testing in any application or form? How to check it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT PART:&#xA;Just wanted to know what should be in general test scenarios of User acceptance testing. I am listing some below:&#xA;1. Tabbing functionality in a form&#xA;2. Shortcuts in applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like above two, what are others??????&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14539" LastEditorUserId="14539" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T06:54:22.603" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T14:12:52.827" Title="How can we do User acceptance testing Manually?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-10-07T05:54:04.203" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15025" CreationDate="2015-10-06T10:31:33.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few things you can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide an estimate for providing the actual test estimate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go and talk with people that DO know, then guesstimate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add time for learning and for risk. Usually you will not get away with giving a range instead of a target date.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At least make an inventory of what is available in terms of documentation, previous test efforts, bug databases, whatever you can lay your hands on to increase &quot;precision&quot; and decrease risk. Comparing it with a familiar alike project will help as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have a real good way to measure progress. Chop it up in very small pieces if you can.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aim to do the most complex test cases early or as soon as you can in the project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Both up front and while you are at it, keep informing all parties of progress and how the risk management plays out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T10:47:01.293" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T10:47:01.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15026" CreationDate="2015-10-06T11:22:05.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You haven't explained the requirement very clearly, but perhaps the answer is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[h3='Admin' and h4='Group']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you shouldn't use &lt;code&gt;contains()&lt;/code&gt; to test whether a node contains some string, unless you specifically want to allow it as a substring: you should use the &lt;code&gt;'='&lt;/code&gt; operator. And you should avoid using &lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; to fetch the text nodes: this would fail to match, for example, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;...&quot;&amp;gt;Admin&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's nearly always better to match on the string-value of the element, which is what happens when you just select the element node as an operand of &lt;code&gt;'='&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14721" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T14:13:22.617" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T14:13:22.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15025" CreationDate="2015-10-06T11:40:03.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Bookeater's excellent answer, I can make a few suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with the timeframe that you'd need for a familiar domain of about the same size, and double it. In your documentation, note that the time includes learning the new domain, rework because during that learning phase your team will misidentify issues, and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify business experts you can use for reference and get their agreement to help when you need to know something business-related. Name them in your documentation as knowledge experts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can, try to list the assumptions and base criteria within which the application is working. This can be poorly documented if at all, particularly in a large application with a long history, and may not appear in use cases because &quot;everyone knows&quot; that's how things work (this is my life - I try to document these assumptions as I run into them, but there's a long way to go).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plan to maintain a copy of the application prior to the changes you're testing as well as the version you're testing. That way, you can use the original version as your &quot;oracle&quot; for how existing function should work - and include this in your estimate documentation since you'll be effectively testing a number of things at least twice, once on the original application to determine how it &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; behave, and once on the upgrade to determine if the behavior matches. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If at all possible, ask others - developers, project management, and so forth - how long it took to test the application in the past, and whether they were familiar with it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're coming in to a new application in an unfamiliar domain, you can get a crude estimate via a combination of the number of pages in the site, the number of form fields per page, and the amount of scripting on each page (which implies the number of decision branches). I'd state any such estimate in terms of &quot;this is an initial estimate to give an approximate &lt;em&gt;order of magnitude&lt;/em&gt;. My team would need &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; time to research the system and locate domain experts to give a more detailed estimate&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T11:40:03.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15016" CreationDate="2015-10-06T12:05:39.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I'd structure this is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First, I'd test the connect method. Disconnect would then be a part of my post-test cleanup.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second, I'd test the disconnect method. Connect would be part of my pre-test setup.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After this, I'd test other methods in the API, with connect in the pre-test setup and disconnect in the post-test cleanup.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basic pattern would be (pseudocode)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[@test_setup]&#xA;TestSetup () {&#xA;    API.Connect()&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[@test_teardown]&#xA;TestTeardown () {&#xA;    API.Disconnect()&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[@test_method_no_setup] &#xA;Test_Connect () {&#xA;    API.Connect()&#xA;    // Add assertions here&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[@test_method_no_teardown]&#xA;Test_Disconnect() {&#xA;    // Connect should have run as part of the setup&#xA;    API.Disconnect()&#xA;    // Add assertions here&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[@test_method]&#xA;Test_Other() {&#xA;    // Connect should have run as part of the set up&#xA;    // Perform desired API call&#xA;    // Add assertions&#xA;    // Disconnect should run as part of the teardown&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exact structure will depend on your testing framework and how it handles setups and teardowns. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is simply to place the connect into your setup and disconnect into your teardown &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; you've verified both and recorded the results somewhere. At that point you can include some basic exception handling in the setup/teardown methods to report an error if after running &lt;code&gt;API.Connect()&lt;/code&gt; the dll doesn't report that it is connected (similar for disconnect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T12:05:39.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15013" CreationDate="2015-10-06T12:16:46.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Status of the requirement is automatically changed to &lt;code&gt;Passed&lt;/code&gt; when all test cases from test set are passed, all test cases that cover the requirement are in this test set. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easy to do: when you add tests to the test set, select &lt;code&gt;Requirements tree&lt;/code&gt; tab &gt;&gt; select the requirement &gt;&gt; press &lt;code&gt;Add all tests that cover this requirement&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wKiVH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wKiVH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And do not forget that after execution off test set you should refresh requirements table to see the change of a status:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3j61g.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3j61g.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T12:30:21.017" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T12:30:21.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15033" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15042" CreationDate="2015-10-06T12:33:08.710" Score="2" ViewCount="5163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on selenium automation for one of the project, I have a number of test cases I want to create a separate log file for each and every test case &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example :&lt;/strong&gt; Suppose I have two test cases with names X and Y, when I execute all the test cases (X and Y), then I need to create folder (in parallel to execution) with current time stamp and inside that folder I need to create two log files with name same as the test case names (i.e. X and Y) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please help if any body having idea&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : I am using Log4j framework with java language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T14:18:49.637" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T13:48:08.157" Title="Creating a log file for each and every test case with executed test case name" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15027" CreationDate="2015-10-06T12:52:51.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty general QA question, so the answer will be more general ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Basically you need to look over the requirements fro that form in order to create the user acceptance testing scenarios. In case you have them you can parse them and create scenarios that cover all the requirements / criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you do not have any requirements, you should talk with your product owner, scrum master or anyone in your company that wanted this forms implemented into the product. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, a usual form should some input fields and a submit button. You should test those can be seen correctly in all major browsers (or the one that the product targets). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also test that what you submit in the form has an effect in your product / application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this answer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8574" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T12:52:51.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15025" CreationDate="2015-10-06T14:16:25.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regardless of how careful and conservative you will be when making the estimate, &lt;strong&gt;most likely you will be wrong.&lt;/strong&gt; So is important to find out &lt;strong&gt;who is carrying the risk of budget overrun, what will be the consequences of the wrong guess?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this a &quot;fixed price&quot; contract and you will you have to eat the cost of overrun? Or is customer willing to pay you (possibly reduced) hourly rate for project extension?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is delay possible (even if not preferred), or is release date fixed (say by law or external circumstances) and not movable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what will be the consequences of the failure? It this control system for a nuclear power plant, or yet another social platform?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have a customer on site who can make decisions if identified behavior is bug or feature? Because while customer is making decision, clock is ticking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You get the idea. For different answers to above questions, I would use different padding factors to whatever guesstimate I would establish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T17:16:32.193" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T17:16:32.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15027" CreationDate="2015-10-06T14:47:40.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;User acceptance testing, by definition, must always be done manually.  This is the last step of testing where end users verify that the software functions the way that they expect it to, and lay out any deficiencies prior to the software being put into production (preferably).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are currently automating UAT, it isn't UAT but is rather a form of regression testing.  An excellent definition of UAT is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The acceptance test is a set of independent tests performed by the customer.  The user defines acceptance criteria with the assistance of the QA organization&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While bare, this definition (provided by a training manual from Skill Focused Training) is about a succinct as it gets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question more specifically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The user or client organization should define expectations early on.  This should be the guide to software design and development to begin with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During development, QA should be ensuring that any actionable pieces of the design are exercised.  This process continues with each major change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the software is in a beta state or later, the customer/client should be allowed to exercise the software on their own and ensure that their expectations are met based on the initial definitions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rework can happen here, during beta, based on client feedback&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13244" LastEditorUserId="13244" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T14:12:52.827" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T14:12:52.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15037" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-06T15:27:54.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acceptance testing by users/customers at their site, to determine whether or not a component or system satisfies the user/customer needs and fits within the business processes, normally including hardware as well as software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T15:55:20.293" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T15:55:20.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15038" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-06T15:27:54.530" Score="0" Body="Acceptance testing by users/customers at their site, to determine whether or not a component or system satisfies the user/customer needs and fits within the business processes, normally including hardware as well as software." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T15:55:25.370" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T15:55:25.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15039" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15041" CreationDate="2015-10-06T16:03:38.520" Score="2" ViewCount="1397" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can we add reporting capabilities to Selenium based UI automated testing, such as reports on failed and passed tests, recurring failed tests, etc.? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14726" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T02:50:38.033" Title="Reporting capabilities for automated tests using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15040" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-06T16:30:53.617" Score="3" ViewCount="1040" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a while I wrote test for our web application using the Page Object framework. But test after test, I notice, I always wrote the same kind of assert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MyPage page = navigateToMyPage();&#xA;page.setField1(&quot;foo&quot;);&#xA;page.setField2(&quot;faa&quot;);&#xA;page = page.save();&#xA;assertThat(page.getField1(), is(&quot;foo));&#xA;assertThat(page.getField2(), is(&quot;aaa));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm thinking about a PageObjectValidator. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MyPage page = navigateToMyPage();&#xA;page.setField1(&quot;foo&quot;);&#xA;page.setField2(&quot;faa&quot;);&#xA;page = page.save();&#xA;page.validate(); // or Validator.validate(page)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is to centralize all the assert for a page, to not repeat them in each test (DRY) and to not forget one assert.&#xA;Behind the scene, the setField1(String) function will put its parameter within a simple POJO, and the validate will iterate over all the properties of the POJO to do the assertion (to take an easy example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think about this idea? I'm not able to find any such example over web, If anyone have already implemented such a framework, provide your inputs here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11647" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T19:08:46.493" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T11:05:12.757" Title="Webdriver - Page Object Validator" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15039" CreationDate="2015-10-06T19:40:27.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest combining Selenium with a test-runner like &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jUnit&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt;, then you can parse the results into a nice report with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-core/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Allure (also lists more test-runners)&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step is to run all the test on each build, with a build-server like &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; and report broken build/tests with visual indicators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://allure.qatools.ru/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Allure&lt;/a&gt; is a reporting framework to parse xUnit test results, looks pretty nice&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt; has reporting, read this blog post to get started: &lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/generate-reports-selenium-using-testng-xslt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://learn-automation.com/generate-reports-selenium-using-testng-xslt/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-06T19:46:37.903" LastActivityDate="2015-10-06T19:46:37.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15033" CreationDate="2015-10-07T00:49:33.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;appenders&lt;/code&gt; to achieve this. Try the process below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write a logic to create directory at runtime with timestamp.&#xA;Use DateFormat and Date to get timestamp as you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;File dir = new File(DateFormatObj.format(DateObj));&#xA; dir.mkdir();&#xA; System.setProperty(&quot;tempFolder&quot;,dir.getAbsolutePath());&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write logic for appender in each test case (or log4j.xml i didnt try that out).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;FileAppender fileApp = new FileAppender();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;// Assuming your class name is your test name&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; `fileApp.setFile(System.getProperty(&quot;tempFolder&quot;) + &quot;\\&quot; + &quot;this.getClass().getSimpleName()&quot; + &quot;.log&quot;);`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Call folder creation method as your Test Case/Suite starts. Logs will be generated specific to your test case and all will move to folder created.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T02:53:41.363" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T02:53:41.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15039" CreationDate="2015-10-07T02:50:38.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This answer is for users who are using PyCharm/want to explore PyCharm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Selenium based tests, PyCharm allows you to obtain the test results. If you click the &lt;code&gt;Explore Test Results&lt;/code&gt; option at the &lt;code&gt;Test Runner&lt;/code&gt; tab, of Pycharm, a nice HTML of your tests results open up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It allows you to take results in following three formats :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Custom , apply XSL template.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To view results in browser :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Select the &lt;code&gt;Open Exported File&lt;/code&gt; check box &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will automatically open your test results in your default browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T02:50:38.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15045" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-07T06:18:08.950" Score="1" ViewCount="3300" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having a problem on handling google authentication pop up window in robot framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process I want to automate is -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a button( Sign in with google) is clicked , google authentication pop up window appears&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then I have to enter my username and password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then  click sign up button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While running the robot framework test script , everything working fine upto clicking the 'Sign in button', but after that am not able to view the Google-authentication window in browser !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found some similar questions around here , but those solutions didn't work for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my test script -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Library  Selenium2Library&#xA;Test Setup  Open Browser  http://xyz.com  firefox&#xA;Test Teardown  Close All Browsers&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;Test1&#xA;   Open xyz and verify login&#xA;&#xA;*** Keywords ***&#xA;Open xyz and verify login&#xA;  Maximize Browser Window&#xA;  Click Element  id=my-signin2 #To click 'Sign in with google' link in main page&#xA;  Select WIndow  title=Sign in - Google Accounts #To select the new pop up window&#xA;  Input Text  id=username  username&#xA;  Input Text  id=pswd   pswd&#xA;  Click Button  id=signup&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, While running the test case getting an error like this -&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;Keywords select window fails&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Value Error : Unable to locate window with title 'Sign in - Google accounts &amp;quot; !&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried with URL instead of title, that also didn't work!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched a lot for this issue in google, but didn't get any proper solution for this particular issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you guys can help me to solve this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14732" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T07:56:43.523" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T07:56:43.523" Title="Unable to handle Google Authentication pop up window in robot framework test case" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15047" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-07T12:27:56.237" Score="2" ViewCount="10153" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I want to check whether checkbox is selected or not and then have to perform select action. But here &lt;code&gt;isselected&lt;/code&gt; method always giving false output, because the script is selecting the checkbox if it is not selected and deselecting if it is selected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;wrapper-tagline primary checkbox check-success&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;checkbox&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; checked=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label class=&quot;main-title section-option&quot; for=&quot;checkbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Show Section&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;section-option-wrapper&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggested solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14734" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T14:11:31.617" LastActivityDate="2021-04-05T17:27:44.533" Title="isselected() method returning false always why?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15048" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-07T12:39:33.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP Application Life Cycle Management 12.01 (HP-ALM 12.01) is an application life cycle management tool that supports various phases of the software development life cycle from planning to deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP ALM 12.01 further enhances and refines the Web Client capabilities introduced in HP ALM 12.00.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T13:18:00.110" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T13:18:00.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15049" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-07T12:39:33.077" Score="0" Body="HP Application Life Cycle Management 12.01 (HP-ALM 12.01) is an application life cycle management tool that supports various phases of the software development life cycle from planning to deployment." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-09T06:40:37.467" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T06:40:37.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15050" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15054" CreationDate="2015-10-07T12:55:31.243" Score="4" ViewCount="36806" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any option in Robot framework to set the value of a variable &quot;TRUE&quot; or &quot;FALSE&quot; depending upon a condition ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to run a keyword only if a condition is TRUE, i.e. a keyword should run only if a particular ID exists in present screen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my test script - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Library  Selenium2Library&#xA;Test Setup  Open Browser  http://xyz.com  chrome&#xA;Test Teardown  Close All Browsers&#xA;&#xA;*** Variables ***&#xA;${IdExist}  None&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;Test1&#xA;  Open Application and check page content&#xA;&#xA;*** Keywords ***&#xA;Open application and check page content&#xA;  Maximize Browser Window&#xA;  Sleep  2s&#xA;  Click Element  id=Start&#xA;  Sleep  2s&#xA;  ${IdExist} = Page Should Contain Element  id=hamburger-icon&#xA;  Run Keyword if   &quot;${IdExist}&quot; == &quot;PASS&quot;  Click Button&#xA;&#xA;Click Button&#xA;  Click Element  id=hamburger-icon   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a Correct way of writing a test script to set the value for a variable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;${IdExist} = Page Should Contain Element  id=hamburger-icon&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found this particular piece of code in a website ! &#xA;But, while running the above test case, the value of the variable is not getting set as TRUE / PASS  value, even though the particular icon exists in present screen (The keyword &lt;code&gt;Click Button&lt;/code&gt; is not at all triggering!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other effective way to handle this particular scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I missing something? Please help me to solve this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14732" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T14:04:43.457" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T14:54:06.257" Title="How to set a value for a variable in Robot framework test case?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12329" CreationDate="2015-10-07T13:16:36.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) From Google Play Store, Search and Install &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.migali.soft.apkinfo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apk Info free&lt;/a&gt;&quot; app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Launch Apk Info free app and you can grab packge name &amp;amp; app activity of your targeted application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Ui Automator is there for finding xpath and id of an element but it supports or works only on MAC system, for windows u must communicate with ur develelopers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T08:56:03.347" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T08:56:03.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15053" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15055" CreationDate="2015-10-07T14:20:17.430" Score="1" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working for a young startup (eLearning) and we are actually in an early stage where our (dev) performance is measured by working features at the end of a sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A company with a really good VRT product wants to work with us (1 month free and after that they want money). But I do not know if it is necessary yet. Because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we do not have many visitors at our site (yet)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we have a really good deployment performance (several times a day)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we've already behat running (dev- and on test system via jenkins)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that a really large site needs such tests. Because they lose much money, if there is a bug on their live system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know if there are other reasons for using such tests in an early startup that is already live, but has even no QA team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are the indicators for a need of such VRT product?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14735" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T11:57:10.610" Title="When to use visual regression testing for web?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15050" CreationDate="2015-10-07T14:48:09.903" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The syntax is cumbersome, but there are a couple things you can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't care about the message returned by the first keyword, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/libraries/BuiltIn.html#Run%20Keyword%20And%20Return%20Status&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Run keyword and return status&lt;/a&gt;. This is perhaps the easiest solution, since the keyword will return either &lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${status}=    Run keyword and return status&#xA;...    Page should contain element    id=hamburger-icon&#xA;Run keyword if  ${status}   Click button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want the status of a keyword and also what it returns, you can call &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/libraries/BuiltIn.html#Run%20Keyword%20And%20Ignore%20Error&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Run Keyword and Ignore Error&lt;/a&gt;, which returns two values: &quot;PASS&quot; or &quot;FAIL&quot;, and the return value or error message from the keyword. You can then use the &quot;PASS&quot; or &quot;FAIL&quot; result in your if statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${status}    ${result}=    Run keyword and ignore error&#xA;...    Page Should Contain Element  id=hamburger-icon&#xA;Run keyword if    &quot;${status}&quot; == &quot;FAIL&quot;&#xA;...    Click button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastEditorUserId="1105" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T14:54:06.257" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T14:54:06.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15053" CreationDate="2015-10-07T15:00:42.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;VRT is required for validating the &lt;strong&gt;User Interface&lt;/strong&gt; of the application. It targets the overall Look and Feel of the aplication including &lt;strong&gt;CSS&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;HTML&lt;/strong&gt;, Quality and type of images, alignment &amp;amp; positioning of the various fields and user controls, &lt;strong&gt;Style Guide&lt;/strong&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In today's competitive world when there are lost of similar web applications (eLearning), one has to come up with certain features different from other applications it can be Content, Accessibility, Cost and User Interface (ofcourse). UI is the first thing which will catch an user's attraction, so this must be validated. Again, this testing becomes utmost important if your application if supporting Multiple Browsers and Mobile platforms and that too with multiple resolutions &amp;amp; most important different mind set of peoples (I think, there is no reason in current times of not providing support to these features). It is also required if you want your application to be &lt;strong&gt;responsive&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per me, competition is more when it comes to startups as they have to grow and for growth they need to work and deliver extra set of features and improvements. But, if your application is already live and you have already received a good user response then priority of this testing can be reduced. Ofcourse, with the delivery of new features and use of new technologies you have to maintain and nurture the Quality of the product (both in functional and non-functional ways) to avoid broken CSS and Style guide with new features, as breaking CSS is easy, but testing it is hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked in a project where competition was there between different applications of the same client for achieving highest rating for both Functional and Non-Functional features (like GUI, Performance, Security etc.). So client has 2 members of special team for validating only the UI of the application across different browsers (thank god we didn't have mobile support at that time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many tools (free and licensed) available in market for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rightmove.co.uk/dev/blog/visual-regression-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;VRT&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;But as mentioned by experts in earlier post of SQA that biggest &amp;amp; most efficient tool for validating the visual appearance of a web application is Human eye and brain.&lt;/strong&gt; So, you can go for manual testing too, but your problem becomes more bigger when you added 'No QA team' is there for carry this kind of testing either manual or automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have been in your place, I will talk to the third party that after 1 month of free trial, I (including other team members) will analyze their findings &amp;amp; reports and if we find that they are adding some good values to my application, then we can continue with them, else terminate the contract. Another option, is to hire a QA for this activity (obviously not only for VRT but also for functional testing too, if feasible). This will be more efficient and good paying option in long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9259/visual-regression-testing&quot;&gt;Courtesy to the existing post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T15:09:26.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15056" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15064" CreationDate="2015-10-07T15:17:59.707" Score="5" ViewCount="222" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an application that is currently in production, one module of code is being modified. Is it necessary to re-test the whole application or is it enough to just test functionality associated with that module?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14741" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T15:25:58.633" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T21:01:07.487" Title="What to test after code change in a single module?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-10-21T03:52:25.413" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15056" CreationDate="2015-10-07T15:22:43.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the simplest of question which is handled by a simple google search.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am assuming you are not a part of QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, it is always better to test whole application- not every thing but only the critical parts, to ensure after the change, nothing is broken. This is called Regression testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please read about it &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/regression-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T15:22:43.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15040" CreationDate="2015-10-07T15:31:25.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If some asserts are always true, you can put them in the pageobject. But I found that most of my asserts depend on the situation, and test has more knowledge what is true - so for me makes more sense to make most asserts in test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you repeat some asserts often and from multiple tests, you can place them into a page method, but still call it from a test, when appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T15:31:25.770" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15061" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-07T15:31:59.067" Score="4" ViewCount="7293" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently studying test automation with Selenium and Java. It's very fun, but I have only done basic stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been thinking about something fun that I can do with selenium, for instance, automate daily tasks that I do. The problem is that I cannot think of anything so I would like to get your ideas on some hobby selenium projects that I can do? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10725" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T16:12:03.127" Title="Daily tasks/Anything fun &amp; challenging to automate with Selenium?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-10-09T17:11:54.097" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15061" CreationDate="2015-10-07T15:47:01.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try automating your daily manual tasks which you have to repeat manually every day like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filling Timesheet in your project tracker, feed your test with a CSV file or excel sheet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changing status of the issues/tasks/defects over the tracker&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating new bugs/defects over the tracker (you can create selenium projects which will pick up your bugs found during manual testing and will create the same over your tracker like JIRA, TFS web explorer, HP-ALM etc.). This is what I have done (not with selenium but with Test Studio during its learning phase. We have to import test cases and defects from Client HP and one more tracker to local JIRA on daily basis for tracking purpose. So, we created a test script in Test Studio for this complete activity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Selenium with JMeter for the purpose of performance testing (if you are interested in performance and load testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what you can do to enhance your Selenium skills and ease your day-to-day tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-07T15:56:12.210" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T15:56:12.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15061" CreationDate="2015-10-07T15:51:56.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was learning Selenium, I would try automating the most basic scenarios in a web page like filling out login forms, and then going ahead with whatever I want to do. That gave me plenty of new things to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/live-selenium-project.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; to be very helpful, as it gives plenty of information and a brief know how of what you can expect in real life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T15:51:56.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15056" CreationDate="2015-10-07T19:47:12.763" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say there is no concrete answer to this. Sure there are idealistic 'regression test everytime', but we are rarely afforded the luxury. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it then comes down to risk management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this module critical - ie worst case scenario what can it break. Ex:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is it a change in how a profile is being saved? Is the profile being used as part of the whole system or is it just a side page that doesn't have any critical parts?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much time do you have?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this module known to be very complicated? or is it super straightforward?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are sort of basic questions that come down to estimation of any type of testing but becomes more important in the 'just one change'. You want to make sure you cover the worst case scenario and know what can be the fallout from not having regression tested it. And make sure the team knows about the risks. It might be worth it to just test the code change itself, or you might be shooting yourself in the foot. It really depends on system and feature complexity (and in developer skill as well).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4394" LastActivityDate="2015-10-07T19:47:12.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9572" CreationDate="2015-10-08T00:07:41.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;MSVS does not support only HTTP, I'm using it to test soap requests, and with adding web reference to my WebService in my testing project, I don't have to deal with building the SOAP request, MSVS deals with serialization and deserialization automatically. Also, with the power of a real programming language, you can test what ever you like, for example DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14744" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T00:07:41.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-08T02:10:46.497" Score="4" ViewCount="2513" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to measure the productivity of software testing in agile teams? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14746" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T14:06:00.683" Title="How to measure productivity in agile testing?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15066" CreationDate="2015-10-08T04:50:12.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software testing should be a core part of the iteration cycle, better to measure the teams productivity as a whole. Its a team effort and coding and testing are not separate partial tasks you can measure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Productivity in Agile is measured in how much valuable working software is delivered.&#xA;To quote the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;manifesto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Working software is the primary measure of progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some &lt;strong&gt;metrics&lt;/strong&gt; that can you can use to see if the teams testing efforts are on par:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of delivered defects vs number of delivered features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code coverage of all automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Velocity over time should increase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T04:50:12.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15056" CreationDate="2015-10-08T05:00:12.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not necessarily, if you can clearly understand the impact of the changes and how the underlying code effects other parts of the system. I would do a risk analyses with the developers and decide which parts need re-testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you build the application on top of something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;micro services&lt;/a&gt; and each part has a clear interface it should be very doable to locate all the elements the change has impact on and only test those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even better automate all of the testing and let the build server do the work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T05:00:12.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15061" CreationDate="2015-10-08T06:00:10.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lot of things you can do using selenium , Some examples are given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Fill your daily timesheet and mail it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Save data to excel/txt file from any website&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Import data to any form from excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Check broken links for any webpage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Get all links from web page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - Do functional test using selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 - Bug Tracking tool management&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8 - Get Reports with particular filter. For ex: Download Google analytic report daily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And A Lot more you can do with Selenium webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T06:00:10.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15070" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15096" CreationDate="2015-10-08T10:12:38.600" Score="2" ViewCount="954" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've a  BeanShell Assertion within a HTTP Request sampler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oGWk2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oGWk2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The previous result can be obtained using the script &lt;code&gt;ctx.&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/threads/JMeterContext.html#getPreviousResult()&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;getPreviousResult()&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, but how can we get the result &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; the previous result?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11978" LastEditorUserId="11978" LastEditDate="2015-10-08T10:28:23.207" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T16:24:15.117" Title="How to get previous result x2 in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15040" CreationDate="2015-10-08T11:37:50.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all you are thinking in right direction , so as to attained modularity. I have implemented this in my project (some sort of this) . &#xA;You can try like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public bool validate(object pageCalled)&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            assertThat(pageCalled.getField1(), is(&quot;foo&quot;));&#xA;            assertThat(pageCalled.getField2(), is(&quot;aaa&quot;));&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception ex)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Console.WriteLine(&quot;FAIL : &quot; + ex.Message);&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this way if all asserts are passed  it will return true and if anything turns out to be failure, exception will be catched and false will be returned.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please reply if it works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14752" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T11:37:50.383" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15066" CreationDate="2015-10-08T11:53:00.277" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short version: If you're trying to measure productivity on an individual basis you're doing software development wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The longer version: Productivity, especially on an individual level, is something that can only apply to a situation where what's being produced is fundamentally similar. No two software projects are the same, and with Agile development, no two sprints are the same. Often they're not similar enough to make valid comparisons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider these situations, all of which I've encountered in my career (in the same company, and sometimes in the same sprint):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developer A writes a lot of code quickly and tends to throw it 'over the wall' to testers. As a result, the code usually - but not always - has a lot of defects and rework. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developer B writes code more slowly, includes a lot of unit testing, and usually works with testers from the start. The code rarely has defects, but when there are defects they tend to be the kind that are difficult to identify and equally difficult to fix and retest.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project C is a small, clearly-defined addition to existing functionality. Both the developer and tester are intimately familiar with the application and this specific functionality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project D is large, complex, and not clearly defined. Nobody on the team has expertise in the project domain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tester E is dedicated to the project being sprinted on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tester F is juggling three different projects and maintaining automated regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sprint G is dedicated to a single project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sprint H includes work from multiple projects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project I has no defined schedule&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project J has a contracted delivery date and customer-defined required feature set.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can anyone measure individual productivity - or even team productivity - in circumstances this varied? This doesn't even touch the tester's level of skill or knowledge of the domain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester with over ten years experience, I have times when - despite being the only tester in my organization - I am unable to do any testing because my other responsibilities have a higher priority. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the closest to a valid productivity measurement that anyone can get is team velocity, and this is only useful as a broad predictive measure (&quot;Team X averages 50 points per sprint. This is a 250 point project, so if team X works on it, the project will not be completed in fewer than 5 sprints.&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T11:53:00.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15073" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-08T12:03:34.283" Score="1" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;SQL have one field i.e. Date&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My application's UI have three drop down &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Day&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Month&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Year&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I inserted its value using CONCAT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$c3date=  @trim(stripslashes($_POST['c3year']. '-' . $_POST['c3month'] . '-' . $_POST['c3day']));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and values are stored in Database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I view the 'Day', 'Month' and 'Year'? I need separate values of 'Day', 'Month' and 'Year'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12595" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-08T14:25:36.177" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T14:32:15.997" Title="My Application is in Php, Using XAMPP SQL" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-10-08T19:46:31.170" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15066" CreationDate="2015-10-08T13:09:57.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Productivity is a tricky word and I'm not sure it's something that you could measure easily from a complex activity such as testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A colleague wrote a blog &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.opencredo.com/2013/11/06/validating-your-test-strategy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; which talks about some valid issues with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been on projects where our productivity was measured by how many automated tests we delivered. Clearly this is an incredibly poor metric - but I've seen it done even to this day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you accept that delivering automated tests is similar to the act of development in general, you can start to use comparisons to developers. Measuring the productivity of development is also extremely hard, though! Rely too much on pure delivery metrics and all notion of quality goes right out the window, which ends up bogging you down in the long term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some ways you can start to measure the quality of testing work.. but inevitably some of these are tradeoffs and you are going to take a holistic view of things. IMO delivering a few good quality tests is better than a crapton of bad ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quality and maintainability of testing code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quality of test analysis (e.g. breadth of scenarios covered, sensible requirements parsing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect discovery rate (of course, you might just have good quality code from developers and not find many!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time between code commit and the testing team spotting the defect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input to product decisions, retros, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Speed of acceptance test delivery&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8211" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T13:09:57.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15073" CreationDate="2015-10-08T14:32:15.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your date field value is stored in a field of SQL Database (as mentioned by you), then you can view the same using simple SQL queries either using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/sql/func_datepart.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Datepart&lt;/a&gt; (Month, Date) or &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1781946/getting-only-month-and-year-from-sql-date&quot;&gt;Select&lt;/a&gt; YEAR (YourDate), MONTH (YourDate), DAY (YourDate);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both will return you the desired values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-10-08T14:32:15.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15076" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15077" CreationDate="2015-10-08T15:39:09.393" Score="3" ViewCount="344" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm somewhat new to the BDD world. I've been using Cucumber a little bit for automated testing, but I'm unable to automate everything due to general manpower/time restrictions. However, as I write acceptance test plans from User Stories I'm trying to keep them in the Gherkin format (hopefully that's right? let me know if that's the &quot;wrong way&quot; to go about it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Testrail right now, as each &quot;test case&quot; is going to be a 'feature'. (ideally, I can then turn these into automated tests down the road easily).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, should each user stories be mapped 1:1 to a &quot;feature&quot; (aka acceptance test cases)? Or can a feature contain multiple user stories (in the form of scenarios maybe)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully what I'm saying makes sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T10:42:24.240" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T10:42:24.240" Title="BDD Test Plans: Should features be the same User Stories?" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15076" CreationDate="2015-10-08T16:19:14.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience at work a feature is a user story. There's a 1:1 relationship between a feature (as in Specflow) and a user story (as in BDD). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14726" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T11:25:17.423" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T11:25:17.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-08T19:20:44.563" Score="1" ViewCount="14395" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created some selenium scripts for one of the websites of my client. The scripts are in my local machine, running successfully. I want show a demo to my Project Manager on his personal laptop(he does not want to install selenium on his personal computer). I developed scripts using selenium webdriver + maven + Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2015-10-09T08:16:43.323" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T03:11:07.527" Title="Running selenium scripts on remote machine" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15025" CreationDate="2015-10-09T05:42:44.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to propose you a different point of view: &quot;don't you know anything about the website you are requested to test?&quot; So, take all of the time they are available to offer you then organize your tests accordingly. Estimating a test is harder than estimating the development of the same software even if you have a good knowledge of the software you are going to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T05:42:44.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15056" CreationDate="2015-10-09T05:49:59.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Niels wrote you do not need to test the entire application but you can limit your test to the part of the software affected by the code changes. I would even add that if the output of the modified software is the input of another module (e.g. your software produce a csv file that you load with another module for plotting the csv data) you have also to test that module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T05:49:59.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15081" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15082" CreationDate="2015-10-09T05:50:06.073" Score="1" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;Required Features:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Open Source&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Can be used on Web Applications&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Can be used on GUI's&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Runs on Windows&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Can simulate mouse movement&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Can simulate keystrokes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Record and playback capable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14762" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T06:05:40.840" Title="What are good Regression Testing Tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2015-10-19T15:53:55.397" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15081" CreationDate="2015-10-09T06:00:09.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you are looking for Automation testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to me you can use following tool for regression testing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver Detail&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Learn Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Record and Playback using Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GUI Automation testing Tool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using above tool you can perform all things which you have listed in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also when we think about tool , it comes to automation tool. Other way is manual regression testing and that can be done manually and there is no tool use in that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium works only with Web applications. For window applications you can use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/qtp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QTP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-10-09T06:05:40.840" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T06:05:40.840" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15078" CreationDate="2015-10-09T08:13:53.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Project managers and client should be more worried about the result of the tests then running the actual tests. In order to get an impression, maybe you can record the tests and they can play back the video. The build-server running the tests could even record the full test run if you want, services like SauceLabs have these videos available by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a recording is not enough there is only one solution: Install Selenium, Java and Maven. If you run the tests from the command-line Eclipse should not be needed, but you do need the application hosted somewhere with the correct version. Also you will need to put the test source in version control so the runner can collect the newest tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you setup a build server which runs the tests and records the video. Anyone can then view the results of the tests on a central location and can if wanted see the video of the whole test run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would be more impressed when a supplier has the whole build chain automated and can download test results from a recent build, then when a project manager runs some tests on his local laptop and doesn't know what todo when it stops working, because he is not technical enough. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T08:13:53.347" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14892" CreationDate="2015-10-09T08:42:50.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could store them in an .INI file and read this during your tests in your @BeforeClass using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Preferences args = new IniFile(new File(fname));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since my tests are coming from HP ALM and the &lt;code&gt;testng-suite.xml&lt;/code&gt; is generated automatically, I simply added my arguments as parameters into the XML.&#xA;You could also use AutoIt to add the lines into your &lt;code&gt;testng-suite.xml&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite verbose=&quot;-1&quot; name=&quot;TestAutomationTest.MBC-POS-Suite&quot; configfailurepolicy=&quot;skip&quot; preserve-order=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;selenium.url&quot; value=&quot;https://dfs.com&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can access them then in your test method, each parameter is one argument in your test method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;@Parameters({&quot;selenium.url&quot;, &quot;timeOut.msec&quot;})&#xA;public void testMethod(String url, int timeout)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14720" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T08:42:50.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15085" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-09T09:21:05.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions related to the skills needed to accomplish any kind of testing tasks or perform in a specific role in software quality assurance and testing teams&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-09T14:06:00.657" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T14:06:00.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15086" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-09T09:21:05.567" Score="0" Body="Questions related to the skills needed to accomplish any kind of testing tasks or perform in a specific role in software quality assurance and testing teams" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-09T14:05:55.230" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T14:05:55.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15087" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15091" CreationDate="2015-10-09T09:36:04.120" Score="5" ViewCount="575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working as a software tester for the last 4 years. I have the following skills and day job experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Manual Testing of websites &amp;amp; Mobile Applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Automation using Selenium webdriver &amp;amp; TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Automation using Appium for Android and iOS mobile applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am in doubt about what next to learn to improve my skills in QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I learn &lt;strong&gt;WebdriverJS&lt;/strong&gt; OR &lt;strong&gt;Junit&lt;/strong&gt; OR &lt;strong&gt;PhantomJS?&lt;/strong&gt; or any other tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-10-11T05:02:17.477" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T07:44:57.153" Title="What should I learn next as QA" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15093" CreationDate="2015-10-09T10:29:58.333" Score="2" ViewCount="12119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any option in robot framework to upload a csv file ( or any kind of file ) from local machine ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my testing scenario - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While clicking on  'Upload file' button a new window will pop up ( It's not part of application, it's a common windows explorer(libraries) pop up menu - [Please refer screenshot] )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/21TJA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/21TJA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then, I have to upload a csv file from my system to our web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But am not able to do anything after pop up window appears in screen !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any option to select the windows pop up menu using the keyword &#xA;&lt;code&gt;Select Window&lt;/code&gt; or any other alternative option ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's possible, then how to specify the filename in the pop up window ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to resolve this issue !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ &lt;em&gt;Note - I am using Selenium2Library &amp;amp; chrome browser&lt;/em&gt; ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any sample test case is more helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[ I came to know that , using &lt;code&gt;Choose File&lt;/code&gt; keyword we can achieve the same, but I couldn't find it's sample usage anywhere and this keyword will only work with Firefox . I cann't use firefox for this testing because of the issue which I mentioned here : &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/15045/unable-to-handle-google-authentication-pop-up-window-in-robot-framework-test-cas&quot;&gt;Unable to handle google authentication window using firefox in robot framework&lt;/a&gt; ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14732" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:09:21.897" Title="How to upload a csv file from local machine using robot framework script?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15090" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16061" CreationDate="2015-10-09T13:29:10.720" Score="0" ViewCount="1093" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was learning jenkins integration with selenium scripts.So I have created a job and executing the build, in the console output I am able to see all the statements which are I am printing and the test was completed also but Progress bar is showing as EXECUTING THE BUILD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mrHrm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mrHrm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Refer the image marked location&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T10:33:04.727" Title="jenkins build execution is taking too much time for a selenium job" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15087" CreationDate="2015-10-09T14:00:02.340" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a part of testing you should start looking into the NFRs testing like Performance, Load, Security, UX etc. testing. Study about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://agileinaflash.blogspot.com/2009/04/furps.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FRUPS+&lt;/a&gt; . Performance testing too is equally important as other functional testing, as I have seen many projects to get failed/escalated to higher levels which failed to deliver good performance and Performance testing indeed is a very vast topic to be covered especially about:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is it and its impact?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to measure performance?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different tools available in market&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance planning and execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System monitoring etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, a days many performance testing tools provide integration with functional testing tools (like JMeter with Selenium, HTTPWatch with WatiR/WatiN etc.). Performance in mobile applications is a big challenge as there you have very limited resources and mobile applications are more in trend now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, you can also start with the security testing/&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Top_10_Privacy_Risks_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OWASP&lt;/a&gt;. This again includes mobile applications. Another area to be looked upon is Database testing; this too is a good, technically sound, interesting and required feature for testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are from testing point of view and require &lt;strong&gt;Dynamic + Static testing&lt;/strong&gt; involvement and will increase your technical knowledge too about the applications under consideration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running a new tool may not be a big deal for you if you have good command on one tool as your concepts are clear and you yourself have worked good in one tool, definitely you can explore more tools for adding up to your knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go for some kind of certification (if you not already have) this will add value to you resume and skillset too. But not having &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9969/will-getting-a-software-testing-certification-benefit-me-in-my-career&quot;&gt;certification&lt;/a&gt; doesn't mean that you don't have knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From QA point of view there is a lot to be covered and you can start with that too, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Participation in requirement analysis and review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual and Automated test cases review for other team members&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Involve yourself in Client meetings/calls (if not directly then indirectly i.e. sit in call as a passive user but make notes and analyze the client requirements)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are more QAs in your team, ask to start mentoring a fresher/junior (I assure you will learn a lot from this mentoring, but only if your manager permits so, as it depends from Organization to Organization)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Involvement in Static testing/Reviews/Demo etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is much more in this line but to start with these are good options. Responsibilities of your QA line may also depend upon your team and Organization, but if you develop capability and show learning skills you should definitely get opportunity to implement them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T14:00:02.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15088" CreationDate="2015-10-09T14:18:49.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to upload file using the Windows explorer then you need to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/upload-a-file-using-selenium-webdriver-with-autoit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIT with Selenium&lt;/a&gt;, this will simulate your windows action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should try using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework-seleniumlibrary.googlecode.com/hg/doc/SeleniumLibrary.html?r=2.9#Choose%20File&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ChooseFile&lt;/a&gt; function for uploading the file directly. Refer to these link (&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16896685/how-to-upload-files-using-selenium-webdriver-in-java&quot;&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10811839/uploading-a-text-file-by-clicking-a-browse-button&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt;) for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T14:18:49.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15088" CreationDate="2015-10-09T15:10:25.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution is to use &lt;code&gt;Choose File&lt;/code&gt;. You claim it only works on Firefox, but I use it on chrome regularly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that your web page has an input element with an id of &quot;file_input&quot;, and you have a file on disk named &quot;/tmp/testfile.txt&quot;, you would use it like this (in pipe separated format for clarity, but you can use any format):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| | Choose file | id=file_input | /tmp/testfile.txt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T15:10:25.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15061" CreationDate="2015-10-09T16:12:03.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can automate updating CV in job portals and try automating sending mails by taking data from excel sheet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14774" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T16:12:03.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15070" CreationDate="2015-10-09T16:24:15.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not possible to get &quot;older&quot; sample result than previous result is always previous and when next sampler is being executed it's being overwritten by current, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use bsh.shared namespace to hold the &quot;interesting&quot; sampler result. In order to do so add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#BeanShell_PostProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beanshell PostProcessor&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the sampler, which result you need to store and put the following code into &quot;Script&quot; area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bsh.shared.result = prev;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your Beanshell Assertion you will be able to get response code as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String code = bsh.shared.result.getResponseCode();&#xA;if (code.equals(&quot;202&quot;)) {&#xA;    //do what you need&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demonstration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ew4B3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ew4B3.png&quot; alt=&quot;bsh.shared.namespace.demo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://How%20to%20Use%20BeanShell:%20JMeter&amp;#39;s%20Favorite%20Built-in%20Component&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use BeanShell: JMeter's Favorite Built-in Component&lt;/a&gt; guide for more Beanshell tips and tricks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T16:24:15.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15087" CreationDate="2015-10-09T16:37:57.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation would be to become more competent in programming, preferably in Python (excellent language for small admin tasks and generic data fiddling), and learn Linux administration with good understanding of networking. There is no limit to scaling up your skills in these areas, and neither technology will ever go away - not in your lifetime, so it is a safe time investment. And it will make you more rounded professional, not pigeon-holed into QA only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For both, you can get excellent free online courses on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.edx.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;edX.org&lt;/a&gt;, I can highly recommend the platform and the courses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to dive into JavaScript, learning Protractor to test Angular applications, but IMHO this is less preferable, because it is a narrow skill-set limited to QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially if you learn in your free time you want to expand your skill-set into adjacent territories. Get paid to specialize in work, but in your free time expand your skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T07:44:57.153" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T07:44:57.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-09T21:01:25.680" Score="3" ViewCount="1776" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using JIRA for Agile programming using 'Stories'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stories have sub-tasks to complete the work and we would like to use X-Ray tests as sub-tasks, but the only issue type JIRA makes available for sub-tasks is 'Technical Task'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we configure JIRA to have X-Ray test available as a Story sub-task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14775" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T11:27:27.380" LastActivityDate="2019-12-17T13:02:10.370" Title="Is it possible to configure Jira/X-Ray so that the X-Ray tests can be used as sub-tasks?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15087" CreationDate="2015-10-09T22:46:38.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently at the same point. I work for 3 years in QA. I strongly believe that if you have mastered the job you are currently doing in your present position you should consider expanding your knowledge in fields closely related to QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is that it does not really matter if you use Selenium and then learn Robot Framework, and then Watir or Windmill. I feel that if you master one of them and you are a good programmer you can pick up anything else in a day or two. Besides I don't think that a company can afford to have people using what ever tool they feel like when they have set up their work environment with one that works and are satisfied with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would advise you (as I am doing) to learn Linux administration / Docker / Ansible / Selenium Grid / Amazon Web Services / Load/Performance/Security testing and try to combine QA, DevOps, SysAdmin, Scaling to try to automate your testing pipeline.&#xA;As I am seeing it, anything can enhance my testing pipeline. &#xA;Examples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn Jenkins to automate the test execution&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn docker so you can have more than one branch to test on staging server&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn a Load testing tool and then Ansible/Fabric(Python) and AWS API to manage the load testing infrastructure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up a Selenium Grid to cut enormously the time your tests are running&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and many more....&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I see it, you are not always going to be a Tester. You'll want to become a QA Engineer or even a QA Team leader with DevOps and high scalability background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6176" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T22:46:38.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9434" CreationDate="2015-10-09T22:53:35.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Python :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element = wd.find_element_by_xpath(&#xA;&#xA;&quot;//ul[@class='appt-dropdown-menu']/li[2]/span[@class='appt-details-dropdown-service-title' and contains(.,'Facial')]&quot;&#xA;&#xA;)&#xA;&#xA;element.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6176" LastActivityDate="2015-10-09T22:53:35.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15087" CreationDate="2015-10-10T06:05:03.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my point of view it makes sense to dig into the next areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performance Testing&lt;/strong&gt;. There are some good &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;free and open source tools&lt;/a&gt;, you can choose one and master it. Don't try to learn the specifics of them all, creating and running a performance test is easier and lesser part of the process, the main point is results analysis, bottlenecks and saturation points definition and localization, recommendations on what needs to be done to improve performance. This role assumes knowledge of different network protocols, databases, operating systems, application and web servers, proxies, load balancers, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DevOPS&lt;/strong&gt;. Continuous integration and delivery is already area of big interest and it is constantly growing. The process of building the product, performing automated tests (including performance), deployment and packaging is something, controlled by DevOPS. Usually they need to know at least one scripting language to automate OS processes, programming language like Python to extend automation to tasks which OS cannot handle, have advanced experience on variety of operating systems, configuration management systems like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chef.io/chef/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chef&lt;/a&gt; container systems like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.docker.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Docker&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Management&lt;/strong&gt;. Finally you can become a manager. I cannot provide any recommendations on how to achieve the position as requirements and responsibilities differ from company to company, from country to country, etc. Be prepared that everyone will hate you: bosses - for taking care of subordinates and trying to get more time, more budget, etc. and subordinates for trying to hit the deadlines and to track the progress. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-10T06:05:03.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15102" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-10T09:26:14.437" Score="3" ViewCount="5234" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which css selector's correct for the following HTML code ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;active editing&quot; data-index=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div class=&quot;view&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;input class=&quot;edit&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get the &lt;code&gt;edit&lt;/code&gt; field but my selector doesn't work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find(Condition.cssClass(&quot;active editing&quot;)).find(&quot;.input&quot;).setValue(...) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14780" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:03:13.893" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:03:13.893" Title="Correct CSS selector for selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15103" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-10T12:43:05.137" Score="2" ViewCount="4046" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a series of applications my team is building we would like to test our import and export functionality which requires the respective upload and download to be automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The functionality is simple but tied to the UI; the end-user needs to be able to click on a button on the web UI and then the resultant export file is downloaded. With uploads, the idea is to have a local file relevant to the application and then use the web UI to upload said file and then test the import functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally I am looking for the ability to do this via Selenium IDE but as I understand it that is not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can this be done via Selenium WebDriver (via C#)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, what is the best strategy to test this functionality? I'd like to test this as the end user and not simply pointing to some back-end URL to perform these tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14777" LastActivityDate="2018-09-25T07:51:57.557" Title="Testing the Downloading/Uploading of files with Selenium IDE/WebDriver/Other?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11505" CreationDate="2015-10-10T20:16:17.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it depends on the cloud. The testing you are asking about is testing on a deployed cloud, I assume you don't have a test cloud to verify things before you upgrade. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, you will want to have a set of scripts that can validate the basic functionality of the cloud from a non-privileged user/tenant of your cloud and from an admin perspective, these can be as simple as checking connectivity between VMs, making sure resources can be created/deleted and connected to each other. These scripts should be non-destructive and clever enough to clean after themselves when they finish. They should be run regularly, but specially before and after upgrades. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another useful test for the cloud is image verification. Making sure imported images are functional and ready to use (discard/remove otherwise). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14784" LastActivityDate="2015-10-10T20:16:17.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15102" CreationDate="2015-10-10T22:03:19.327" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your edit class is unique on the page, then you can do &lt;code&gt;.edit&lt;/code&gt;  If you need to be a bit more specific, you could do more along the lines of &lt;code&gt;.active.editing input.edit&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point is, theres no &quot;right&quot; answer here, there are often many different css selectors you can build that can point to the same element.  You want to find the balance between being short, concise and unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example using this with webdriver could be&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.edit&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2015-10-10T22:03:19.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15103" CreationDate="2015-10-11T06:08:59.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The way to do it with Firefox browser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;File download:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;&#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;,2);&#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&quot;,false);&#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.dir&quot;, @&quot;c:\path\to\downloads\folder&quot;);   &#xA;profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;,&quot;MIME/TYPE&quot;);     &#xA;FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&#xA;driver.Get(&quot;http://path/of/your.file&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;change &lt;code&gt;MIME/TYPE&lt;/code&gt; to be correct MIME type of the file(s) you're uploading, for instance: &lt;code&gt;application/pdf&lt;/code&gt; for PDF files, &lt;code&gt;application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template&lt;/code&gt; for MS Word 2007+ .docx files, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;File upload: it is quite enough to provide full path of the file you need to upload to &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/dotnet/html/M_OpenQA_Selenium_IWebElement_SendKeys.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SendKeys&lt;/a&gt; method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement element = FindElement(By.Locator.of.your.file.type.input);&#xA;element.SendKeys(@&quot;c:\full\path\to\file\for.upload.txt&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The other way to simulate files upload/download is using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; tool, it is free, open source and designed for load testing so you will not only be able to test functionality, but also assess performance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;File Download: it is enough to add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Save_Responses_to_a_file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Save Responses to a file&lt;/a&gt; Post Processor to save response data to specified location&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4vge.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U4vge.png&quot; alt=&quot;Save Responses to file&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;File Upload: use &quot;Send Files with the Request&quot; field of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler as per image below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LhZal.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LhZal.png&quot; alt=&quot;HTTP Request for file upload&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-performance-test-upload-and-download-scenarios-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance testing: Upload and Download Scenarios with Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for more detailed instructions on how to conduct your use case with JMeter&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T06:08:59.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14244" CreationDate="2015-10-11T12:42:28.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This would sound like a generic answer, but this worked for me in past. When I had a problem like this in testing phase of currently a big app, I paid attention to little events which were happening. In my case, events were like this:&#xA;1. A new user is registered&#xA;2. User adds xyz as a friend&#xA;3. User logs out&#xA;(I had about 50 of them before moving to the next step)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I wrote a simulation script which triggers such events in random order. Some events were dependent on another - the script took care of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, I programmed a runner which basically triggered multiple events simultaneously in the app. I would configure, say 5 events, per second - and it would start shooting them. Because it was all random, it looked like a real-world live app traveling in time machine to future. In about 3 weeks, I could simulate several years of data and cases. But to be honest, in the end, this looked good more in theory as I lost touch with goals of building this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14788" LastActivityDate="2015-10-11T12:42:28.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14574" CreationDate="2015-10-12T05:33:04.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes it is possible. The most recent is displayed as the current result. But you will see both in the execution history. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second user should execute the test in the exact same way as the first user. I.e select the result state and click save or save and next. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they can't I would check the second user has access to execute tests on that plan / project. Are they able to run tests that are in the not attempted state?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also what version of testlink are you running? My experience is mainly with v1.9.3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14794" LastEditorUserId="14794" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T19:35:00.407" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T19:35:00.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15090" CreationDate="2015-10-12T05:33:54.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some basic items I can recommend checking:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure selenium service is running.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are using selenium as a OS service, then browsers are also opened in background - perhaps they're running but not visible?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you want to visually debug selenium, then run selenium from terminal as a logged in user.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To make sure selenium server is running you can check URL:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hostname:4444/selenium-server/driver/?cmd=getLogMessages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://hostname:4444/selenium-server/driver/?cmd=getLogMessages&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14788" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T05:33:54.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15047" CreationDate="2015-10-12T06:10:01.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; boolean v=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='checkbox']&quot;)).isSelected( );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try the above code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14774" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-13T13:25:53.007" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T13:25:53.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3713" CreationDate="2015-10-12T06:23:24.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Sahi for few years, all I have to say is its very simple and effective when its come to executions. We use Sahi OS, still we manage to automate most of the scenarios. Scenario like file upload, can do with this, but with Selenium you need to create exe file using Autoit in order to overcome its. Scripts are simple and same scripts able to run in difference browser. There are few occasion its get stuck or fail but most cases its works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Major advance I see in Sahi is you don't need to write wait or wait for page load functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once more thing, In Sahi its identify object by its types,&#xA;Ex; Let say you have a login page, So Sahi will identify how many text fields, password fields and button were on that page.&#xA;By using above feature, can write scripts which will not depend on object id, name or location(XParth)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Selenium in order to do that you have to write a code for that, in Sahi its already have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.............&#xA;Thanks&#xA;Dev&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14795" LastEditorUserId="14795" LastEditDate="2015-10-12T06:28:26.677" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T06:28:26.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14876" CreationDate="2015-10-12T08:01:15.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Page Object Model. It follows encapsulation concept. In POM you develop web elements as private members, you will have parameterized constructor and member functions. Actual initialization of web elements happens inside member functions so no elements will be loaded into the stack at the time of constructor creation there by increasing the processing speed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14774" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-13T13:25:58.473" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T13:25:58.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15115" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15138" CreationDate="2015-10-12T09:41:14.400" Score="1" ViewCount="17034" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing an automation test script for our web application using Robot framework and Selenium2Library. One of my test case involves the following scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to run a particular test case only if web page contains more than one &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; tag with a similar &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any specific keyword in robot framework to set the value of a variable as a count of html tags having same id's ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a similar html code am dealing with : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;dashboard&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;........&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;dashboard&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;........&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to store the total number of div tag's with &lt;code&gt;id=dashboard&lt;/code&gt; in a variable &lt;code&gt;${Count}&lt;/code&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with that , can we make use of Comparison/Relational operators directly in Robotframework test scipt ? &#xA;i.e , can I write a test case similar to this : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Run Keyword If  ${Count} &amp;gt; 1  Found More Elements&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please help me to resolve this issue ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14732" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T16:10:20.393" Title="How to get no. of elements with particular 'id' using robot framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8524" CreationDate="2015-10-12T11:26:10.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package parametricJunitTests;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.Arrays;&#xA;import java.util.Collection;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;&#xA;import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;&#xA;import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@RunWith(Parameterized.class)&#xA;public class ParameterizedTests extends DriverHandler {&#xA;&#xA;    private String username;&#xA;    private String password;&#xA;&#xA;    public ParameterizedTests(String username, String password){&#xA;        this.username = username;&#xA;        this.password = password;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Parameters(name=&quot;{0}&quot;)&#xA;    public static Collection&amp;lt;Object[]&amp;gt; data(){&#xA;        Object[][] data = new Object[][] {{&quot;some1@something.com&quot;, &quot;howdy123&quot;}, {&quot;some1else@someting.com&quot;, &quot;howdy456&quot;}};&#xA;        return Arrays.asList(data);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void abLogIn(){&#xA;        Page_Objects login = new Page_Objects(driver);&#xA;&#xA;        login.userName(username);&#xA;        login.password(password);&#xA;        login.loginButtonClick();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one way of creating parametric data and using (with JUnit) it for testing. Ideally you use data from another document, an excel cheet maybe. But like this you may code it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This particular example has 2 other classes: one which defines and and contains the logic to use the relevant page objects, and another class which handles drivers using @Before and @After&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14800" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T11:26:10.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15117" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15132" CreationDate="2015-10-12T14:17:12.140" Score="4" ViewCount="301" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm newly adapted to BDD and have been using Cucumber for Test Automation, but I also use the &quot;Gherkin&quot; style for writing acceptance tests (that I will hopefully be able to automate in the future, but since I'm a one-man show I have to do what I can with the time available)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I'm basing these acceptance test cases off of User Stories produced in Jira. The user stories are very typical IE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a user, I want to be able to Sign Out of my account, edit/change my&#xA;  password, and edit my name/account information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretty basic User Story, so for my &quot;Feature/Scenario&quot; I have (Storing them in testrail for now):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: User Account Functions&#xA;I want the ability to sign out of my account, edit my password, and edit my user account information&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario:&#xA;Given I have created an account&#xA;And I am signed in&#xA;When I select the Sign Out option&#xA;Then I should be signed out from the web application&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Scenario:&#xA;Given I have created an account&#xA;And I am signed in&#xA;When I go to my account page&#xA;And change my password&#xA;Then my password should be updated to the new password&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Scenario:&#xA;Given I have created an account&#xA;And I am signing in&#xA;When I go to my account page&#xA;And Edit my account information&#xA;Then my account information should be saved with the new information&#xA;But not contain any of the old information&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So they just seem so...basic? and short. But the thing is I don't see the point in adding unnecessary detail (or imperative like steps to these). Is this right? I mean I'm pretty new to the BDD style/Gherkin style of writing. But I mean it gets the point across, I just look at it and it looks so short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe that's the point however? Because I could do a step by step test plan, but that doesn't really benefit anyone? Especially if I'm going to perhaps eventually automate these? But I'm thinking about for instance even if I didn't automate these, does the writing style still make sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T10:41:07.023" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T10:41:07.023" Title="BDD Acceptance Tests feel....short?" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15118" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-12T14:25:00.817" Score="3" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a device running Win CE that is having issues with the USB bus failing intermittently. Manually, it takes me hours to reproduce the bug so I'm trying to automate this process. So how do I detect USB failure on this device from another PC?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A little background:  There is power at the USB port, just no data activity between D+ and D-.  Also, I will be reproducing this bug by controlling relays that are attached to hard button inputs to the device to simulate user interaction.  Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14803" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T16:49:16.800" Title="Detect USB bus failure on Win CE device from a separate PC" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15119" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-12T17:08:48.910" Score="3" ViewCount="255" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you handle your automation deadlines if Appium/iOS/Android versions keeps updating and these updates have issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you test with the old versions for your deadlines or test with the updated versions? But what if the updated versions gives errors and you end up not being able to run your tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How long do you guys wait until you upgrade to the new versions to run your automation tests? How do you handle this period when there are changes to the Appium or iOS or Android versions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T11:09:14.640" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T16:15:13.247" Title="How do you handle your automation deadlines if Appium/iOS/Android versions keeps updating and these updates have issues?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15115" CreationDate="2015-10-12T17:34:20.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see that you are using Selenium. You can use that to get a list of web elements with same attribute and then use it in your check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allelementwithsameid = driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;dashboard&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you're using the &lt;code&gt;findElements( )&lt;/code&gt; method to get all the elements, which have the id &quot;dashboard&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, check if the length of the list is greater than zero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if((allelemtwithsameid.size()&amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Size greater than zero. can use the element&quot;);&#xA;  count=allelementwithsameid;&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; else {&#xA;  //use some exception handling code here.&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I don't have much knowledge of Robot plus Selenium, but I think you can use the &lt;code&gt;&quot;count&quot;&lt;/code&gt; variable in your Robot framework's code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My Java coding skills are not the best. But I think you would get the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T17:34:20.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15119" CreationDate="2015-10-12T17:52:48.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing with old versions makes little sense. Only do it to familiarize QA team with new features (if changes are not radical), and develop testing protocols  and tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To deal with changes in system to be released, we use &quot;soft freeze&quot; and &quot;hard freeze&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During &quot;soft freeze&quot; changes in released software need to be approved by QA (and are evaluated for likelihood of breaking system under test), and/or chances to adding new unknown bugs. It depends on developer, affected subsystem, and complexity of the change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During 'hard freeze&quot; we run all tests again, and no changes in released software are allowed. Most patches  requested during &quot;hard freeze&quot; are delayed for after the release. Or if decision is made that urgent patch has to be made before release to &quot;hard frozen&quot; system, there is understanding that defects might sneak in, which QA was not able to detect, because system under test was changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Idea is that &lt;strong&gt;QA cannot &quot;assure&quot; that release has no (unknown) bugs, but provide best information to management about the risk&lt;/strong&gt; of releasing software with bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Decision to release&lt;/strong&gt; on a given date (or postponing the release to allow for more testing, if necessary) &lt;strong&gt;is management decision,&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;role of QA is to approximate the risk.&lt;/strong&gt; Fixing the bugs is responsibility of developers, and evaluation the risk/value is management decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We all work as a team (developers, QA, management) to deliver the best (most features) and most reliable system in the time and personnel available. If you do not have such level of trust, and after botched release there is fingerpointing, shifting the blame, and searching for sacrificial goat to blame, everyone will start padding the estimates and speed of the development will decrease. Let management to manage the project, but QA should provide best info about the status of the project it can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding versions of the third party software, you need to decide which versions you support (with the limited resources you have), which versions you do not, and which versions will get obsoleted in some defined timeframe. Do you have control over which version your user use? If not, some users will have to deal with bugs limited to their version - and again, your management has to decide what threshold of such bugs is acceptable. So you may not support most recent &quot;bleeding edge&quot; version (if you decide so), only 2-3 previous &quot;stable&quot; versions. Then you need to detect which version user uses, and issue proper message. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, your role is to investigate the risk involved with different versions, and provide info to management to make business decisions and allocate resources as makes business sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T16:15:13.247" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T16:15:13.247" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15102" CreationDate="2015-10-12T20:32:25.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Chrome: open DevTools, find you element in the DOM explorer, right-click the element and select 'Copy CSS Path'. You can test this using Selenium IDE and setting the target to &quot;css=path_from_chrome&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T20:32:25.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15078" CreationDate="2015-10-12T20:39:09.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use Jenkins (CI) there is a sweet Selenium plugin that you can run test on 'slaves'. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QzAnUzqAsqE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here is a video&lt;/a&gt; of the author of both giving a demo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-12T20:39:09.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15124" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15126" CreationDate="2015-10-12T20:48:20.890" Score="1" ViewCount="16694" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot access elements inside of an iframe, I have tried the call:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement iframeSwitch = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//iframe[contains(@id, 'contentIFrame1')and contains (@title, 'Content Area')]&quot;));&#xA;driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframeSwitch);&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;hlx_markertemplateid_ledit&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;Test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a sample of the HTML for the Table&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table id=&quot;hlx_markertemplateid_lookupTable&quot; class=&quot;ms-crm-Lookup&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; lookupid=&quot;hlx_markertemplateid&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%; table-layout: fixed;&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;hlx_markertemplateid_c hlx_markertemplateid_w&quot; controlmode=&quot;normal&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a sample of the td&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;div id=&quot;hlx_markertemplateid_lookupDiv&quot; class=&quot;ms-crm-Lookup ms-crm-InlineLookupEdit ms-crm-Hidden-NoBehavior&quot; role=&quot;list&quot; ime-mode=&quot;auto&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;width: 0px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;ul class=&quot;ms-crm-InlineLookupEdit&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;label class=&quot;ms-crm-Hidden-NoBehavior&quot; for=&quot;hlx_markertemplateid_ledit&quot;&amp;gt;Marker Template Required&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;input id=&quot;hlx_markertemplateid_ledit&quot; class=&quot;ms-crm-InlineInput ms-crm-InlineLookupEdit&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; ime-mode=&quot;auto&quot; maxlength=&quot;1000&quot; style=&quot;ime-mode: auto;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like the iframe switch is successful(because there are no errors for that call) but I cannot access any of the content on the iframe. Thanks for your suggestions ahead of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T05:03:36.880" Title="Cannot access elements in iframe" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15125" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-13T05:20:42.540" Score="1" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following code in selenium web driver :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(emailField.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;), email);&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(passwordField.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;), password);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I inspect the element for the user name field and the password field (using firebug), I can see a &quot;value&quot; attribute for the user name field but not for the password field. But the code works. How is this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-13T13:26:02.783" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T14:44:49.517" Title="value attribute not visible for password field" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15124" CreationDate="2015-10-13T05:31:16.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I could send the text &quot;Test&quot; to the input text box inside iFrame. I used findById . Code is in Java but you can modify accordingly for C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement iframeSwitch = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;contentIFrame1&quot;));&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(iframeSwitch);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Switched&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;hlx_markertemplateid_ledit&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14297" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T05:31:16.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15125" CreationDate="2015-10-13T07:22:19.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The value is what's shown in the input field. So even if the value attribute isn't there, it implicitly has the value of what's been entered in the field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, this is a Selenium regression test from their GitHub:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        [Test]&#xA;        public void CanRetrieveTheCurrentValueOfATextFormField_textArea()&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.Url = formsPage;&#xA;            IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;emptyTextArea&quot;));&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(string.Empty, element.GetAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;            element.SendKeys(&quot;hello world&quot;);&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(&quot;hello world&quot;, element.GetAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T07:22:19.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15128" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-13T08:11:40.233" Score="0" ViewCount="1096" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate Chrome Extension. But I am trying to avoid tools that use Image recognition of coordinate system. Is there any way to automate or at-least Identify individual Objects on the Extension GUI Not based on Image or coordinate but on the basis of a unique identifier.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14812" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:56:34.027" Title="Object Spy for Chrome Extensions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13786" CreationDate="2015-10-13T08:24:48.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose not, but why do you ask us ? ask your clients- developers, marketing, sales, management and customers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the custom app part of your responsibility ? if not, than you can &lt;strong&gt;probably&lt;/strong&gt; assume that bluetooth is working, but what if you are using Cordova wrong, or your hardware is not well supported causing you to work in lower performance or reliability ? imagine everything is working as planned, but when you sniff it you see that each message is sent twice (been there, seen that...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T08:24:48.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15118" CreationDate="2015-10-13T09:21:57.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It could be anything from a host or device device driver problem, firmware problem (digital part), analog problem and I even saw bad cables causing intermittent problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have access to the WinCE USB drivers (e.g. through logs, or debug prints added to the code) than it's a good place to start isolating the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what is your budget ? there USB bus sniffers/analyzers in different levels and price ranges. Using them will require some learning and time invested, so even the cheaper ones are not free, but they might help you visualize what is going on on the bus, some can record and playback the session or run simulations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T09:21:57.373" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15128" CreationDate="2015-10-13T09:47:42.627" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right click on the Element you want to Inspect and Select option Inspect Element from the context menu.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;All the elements on the web page will be displayed and you can inspect the element you want.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you want to search for any specific xpath,Css selector or want to create one, click on the inspector window and pres Ctrl+F from keyboard.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now you can type and create xpath and css selector for the web-elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T09:47:42.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15117" CreationDate="2015-10-13T10:28:52.713" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This looks fine. BDD feature files is meant to be at a level to give useful information to product folks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each step you can call lower level steps if you want to give more specific information (or more reusable actions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this one for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given I am signed in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might just call within it &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; // enter the username&#xA; GivenIEnterInTheField(string value, string fieldID)&#xA; // enter the password&#xA; GivenIEnterInTheField(string value, string fieldID)&#xA; // click the button&#xA; GivenIClickOnTheButton(string buttonId)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is also readable, but not necessary for the top level steps or feature file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6398" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T10:28:52.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15133" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-13T11:01:26.583" Score="13" ViewCount="19399" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to know what is the standard rule for creating username/login ID. Should it be case-sensitive? If I have successfully created three accounts (user2, useR2, USER2), should I consider this a bug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T22:11:44.960" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T10:15:11.650" Title="Should username/login ID be case-sensitive?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;input-field&gt;&lt;form&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2015-10-13T11:12:03.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case of username it isn't case-sensitive so user2 = useR2 = USER2&#xA;but in password case those are 3 different passwords because password will be encrypted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T11:12:03.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2015-10-13T11:18:41.270" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it's not a bug by default. This depends on the requirements of the system, there is not global rule for situations like this. Some operating systems allow the same user with different casing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even the user part of an email adress (username@hostname.tld) is not case sensitive in all cases. For more info see the question &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9807909/are-email-addresses-case-sensitive&quot;&gt;Are email addresses case sensitive?&lt;/a&gt; on Stack Overflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2018-08-02T10:15:11.650" LastActivityDate="2018-08-02T10:15:11.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2015-10-13T11:57:29.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with @Niels. This cannot be considered as a bug, solely on the basis of being able to create accounts with different set of upper case letters. You should refer to the requirements, to see if it specifically distinguishes between upper case and lower case in case of account creation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no rule to check in this scenario. For Gmail allows you to log in using &lt;code&gt;USERNAME@gmail.com&lt;/code&gt; as well as &lt;code&gt;username@gmail.com&lt;/code&gt;. It can't be considered a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T11:57:29.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2015-10-13T13:16:22.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checking for case sensitivity itself isn't a bug in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd consider it a bug, if the user &lt;strong&gt;doesn't&lt;/strong&gt; get informed about the username being case sensitive.&#xA;Otherwise one may wonder, why he sometimes can log in fine (Username1) and sometimes gets an error message (username1).&#xA;In other cases the case-sensitivity is used to add an extra (but very thin) layer to the security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For usability reasons, if a username is case sensitive it shouldn't be allowed to create accounts with the same name but different capitalization.&#xA;This part I'd definitely see as a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14815" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T13:16:22.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15115" CreationDate="2015-10-13T15:27:46.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium2Library has a keyword named &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Get%20Matching%20Xpath%20Count&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Get Matching XPath Count&lt;/a&gt; which can return the number of items that match an xpath. The documentation even includes an example of counting items based on an id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${Count}=    Get matching xpath count    //div[@id='dashboard']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Along with that , can we make use of Comparison/Relational operators&#xA;  directly in Robotframework test scipt ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes you can, exactly like you showed in your question (assuming &lt;code&gt;Found More Elements&lt;/code&gt; is a keyword):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Run Keyword If  ${Count} &amp;gt; 1  Found More Elements&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T16:10:20.393" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T16:10:20.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2015-10-13T15:40:38.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd consider this as a matter of usability/UX. Most services I know use case-insensitive logins, and most people I know use to blame services with case-sensitive logins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I'd say you should check the requirements, and, depending on the result, consult with BA/PO/PM, or whoever you have on the project, and ask him a) if anyone ever thought about login case-sensitivity and b) which option would be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If requirements say it should be case-sensitive, you can also talk to your manager, ask him why he thinks it should be so and share your opinion on the matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5608" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T15:40:38.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15056" CreationDate="2015-10-13T21:01:07.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I regression test all associated modules and functionality with a bug fix, not just the 1 module where the fix was made. As previously mentioned, this is the purpose of regression testing (to verify nothing was broken when a modification was made; to verify that functionality did not regress.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2015-10-13T21:01:07.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8638" CreationDate="2015-10-14T04:22:29.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have good knowledge about programming language and if you have enough time for automation, then can proceed with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have a very good knowledge of programming language and you don't have enough time to automate then can go with Sahi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14795" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T11:10:30.160" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T11:10:30.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15144" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-14T07:00:15.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions related to testing of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Graphical_control_elements&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;input fields&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Including different types of input: text, number, radio, checkbox, time, password etc. Main focus here is testing  &lt;a href=&quot;http://ui-patterns.com/patterns/InputFeedback&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;input feedback&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_validation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;data validation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Graphical_control_elements&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Graphical_control_elements&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://ui-patterns.com/patterns/InputFeedback&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ui-patterns.com/patterns/InputFeedback&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_validation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_validation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T16:50:03.033" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T16:50:03.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15145" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-14T07:00:15.390" Score="0" Body="Questions related to testing of input fields" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-16T10:29:10.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T10:29:10.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15047" CreationDate="2015-10-14T07:13:40.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I too faced the same problem.  In my case I observed that the class name was changing on selecting/de-selecting the check box.For example the checkbox element when de-selected appears somewhat like this:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;checkbox&quot; id=&quot;current_year&quot; name=&quot;current_year&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and when it is checked/selected it appears lke this:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;checkbox checked&quot; id=&quot;current_year&quot; name=&quot;current_year&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I therefore used the class attribute in my xpath to determine if the checkbox is selected or not. For example to check if the checkbox is selected I used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='current_year' and @class='checkbox checked']&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and to check if the checkbox is not selected I used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='current_year' and @class='checkbox']&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check if any attribute in the checkbox element is changing on selecting it and can use the same to check if the checkbox is selected or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T07:13:40.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15119" CreationDate="2015-10-14T07:19:19.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is important to note the difference between system under test versus test system failures.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It is also important to assess this risk as early as possible during test planning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General rule is to test in the known functional test environment that is as up-to-date as possible. If the risk materializes that new relevant 3rd party software releases during testing, try it out quickly.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In case of large problems roll back and escalate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; you control yourself so never should break you process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;Android&lt;/strong&gt; usually you will get away with proper bug registration and possibly a minor release later down the line as adoption is slower (albeit at the upper end first).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;iOS&lt;/strong&gt; the situation is a lot worse as Apple enforces early adoption through company policy and update options. Here best have your developers eye pre-releases and possibly try out a beta ahead of the main release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking Murphy this should happen just about 10 out of 10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T07:19:19.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15087" CreationDate="2015-10-14T07:42:28.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think QA is more then just (automated) testing skills and tooling knowledge. Learn how to learn one tool and you can learn em all. I would focus on more general quality concepts and how to introduce these into a companies life-cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The earlier quality is introduced into the process the better. Often there is a lot to win outside of adding test coverage. Personally I think &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_programming_practices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XP practises&lt;/a&gt; have a lot to offer. Doing an Agile/Scrum training and trying to work better in teams are skills usefull even in non software development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agileskillsproject.org/skill-levels/charts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Agile self and peer assessment tools&lt;/a&gt; to find area's you can improve and develop your software life-cycle skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T07:42:28.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15149" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-14T07:53:06.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions related to testing input forms of web or desktop applications. Testing may cover restriction on fields input, feedback, validation, any kind of limitation or changes of the form (e.g.: new fields, cascading fields, enabling/disabling fields).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/input-field&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;input-field&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;input-field&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T13:56:32.650" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T13:56:32.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15150" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-14T07:53:06.007" Score="0" Body="Questions related to testing input forms of web or desktop applications" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T16:50:05.787" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T16:50:05.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2015-10-14T08:49:15.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all depends on your project requirements and tools to be used. To start with automation testing you don't necessarily need to master any language upfront. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, knowing a programming language what your tool is going to be used or designed is helpful. It's better to start with understanding the concepts and framework for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For selenium webdriver,as all said, one can start with basic Java skills. For the question of Python vs Java, a few factors play a role&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type of project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation Requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type of Tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scripting language required to operate the tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lately the type of framework &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, it's always complementing to have scripting skills. For QA, Perl, Python, VBScripting etc are a few of the useful skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14824" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T11:08:44.763" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T11:08:44.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2015-10-14T11:12:59.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no standard rule. Every application decides how to handle user names and whether case sensitivity is needed/wanted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application is supposed to be case-sensitive and isn't, that's a bug. If it's not supposed to be case-sensitive and is, that's a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T11:12:59.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15155" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-14T12:49:13.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://windows.microsoft.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows&lt;/a&gt; is a family of graphical operating-systems developed by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft&lt;/a&gt; for server, client, and mobile platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recent Versions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-8/meet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows 8&lt;/a&gt;, the successor to windows-7, was released to the market on&#xA;October 26, 2012. It was designed to be used on both tablets and&#xA;conventional PCs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/OEM/en/products/windows/Pages/windows-8-1-overview.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows 8.1&lt;/a&gt;, the first major update to Windows 8, was released on&#xA;October 17, 2013.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows 10&lt;/a&gt; was released on July 29, 2015.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resources&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/windows/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows Developer Center&lt;/a&gt; – Microsoft's developer portal for Windows Application Development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN Library&lt;/a&gt; – documentation for the Microsoft Windows platform API and other Windows development offerings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Windows&lt;/a&gt; on Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T13:08:49.583" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T13:08:49.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15156" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-14T12:49:13.453" Score="0" Body="Windows is a family of client, server, and mobile operating systems developed by Microsoft. Use this tag only if your question relates to using Windows APIs or Windows-specific behavior. Questions relating to using or troubleshooting Windows are off-topic." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T13:40:01.250" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T13:40:01.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15157" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-14T13:41:04.920" Score="0" ViewCount="920" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new at this, so please can you tell me how to learn to write test scenarios for web and mobile MANUAL testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14832" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:28:44.673" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:28:44.673" Title="How to write test scenarios and test cases for manual testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-10-15T19:07:27.850" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15159" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15168" CreationDate="2015-10-14T14:34:33.403" Score="2" ViewCount="4148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am pretty much confused with these terms. I have surfed the net, but didn't find any detailed explanation. I want to know the difference between a &lt;code&gt;task&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;scenario&lt;/code&gt; and a &lt;code&gt;use case&lt;/code&gt;. And how are they related?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14836" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T11:11:03.150" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T05:45:23.623" Title="Difference between 'task', 'scenario' and 'use case'?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15161" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15166" CreationDate="2015-10-14T14:50:29.663" Score="1" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently started learning selenium and Java. I need your assistance as to how should i go about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14837" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T18:12:11.750" Title="Learning Java &amp; selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-10-15T05:05:43.010" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8638" CreationDate="2015-10-14T15:15:57.637" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another alternative for teams adopting CI/CD is catjs  ( open &amp;amp; free ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Catjs  represent a new approach for automation and works ( without additional configuration/code/app) on both desktop and mobile .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, no need for sync point and additional maintenance even if the UI is  in its early stages .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We enable developers to automate their code in UI level and gain true agility  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://catjsteam.github.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://catjsteam.github.io&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Will be happy to assist if needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;disclaimer I'm also the product owner of catjs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11444" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2015-10-16T10:44:26.423" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T10:44:26.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15161" CreationDate="2015-10-14T15:32:27.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to selenium group. Make sure you are strong in OOPS concepts and core Java. Selenium gives you power to automate web applications and soon you're going to get that power. At early stage only start automating your day to day browsing activities like opening and logging into your social websites, sending mail to a friend etc. Not to worry it is an easy tool to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14774" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-14T18:12:11.750" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T18:12:11.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15157" CreationDate="2015-10-14T16:31:30.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with manual testing u should thoroughly understand customer requirement. Scenarios are nothing but high level customer business work flows. From one requirement you can derive many scenarios and they may be negative scenario or positive scenario. For example requirement says username text field should accept 10 characters.You derive scenario like username text field should not accept more than 10 characters(-ve) and username text field shlould accept 10 or within 10 characters (+ve)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14774" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T16:31:30.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15161" CreationDate="2015-10-14T17:30:49.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA. This is a broad question as there is no particular start point- where you can start as a learner in here. However, I would like to give you few tips .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you have not mentioned whether you have a prior knowledge of Java or not, so I am basing my assumption that you're a newbie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 1 : Clear your Java basics. Start from the bottom and work your way up. Since Selenium doesn't requires a whole lot of complex Java code (until absolutely necessary, you should be good to go once you have a good, firm knowledge of Core Java basics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get a good book and practice more to have a good code flow. You can roughly follow this pattern :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data types and variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about the operators and operations they perform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to add Decision making statements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrays&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Loops for multiple iterations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Classes and Objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Constructors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;String and String operations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;File and File operations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be enough for you to start with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 2 : Learning Selenium should be easy once you have gone through Java. But, remember that it is not always about coding only. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with basics- like setting up the Webdriver (many people fail here and this is the most tricky part).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you're done, start with learning the basic operations (opening a web page, running your test across different browsers- one at a time, filling forms etc.). Learn how the code works, how the web elements are recognized and interacted with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then work your way up to using waits, handling JS alert boxes and such. Gradually try implementing your knowledge in your daily work and it will help you learn more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can dive into stuff like handling multiple windows, tabs, modal windows, iframes, keyboard events, mouse hover over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you have a good book by your side to clear you concepts, and there are a lot of tutorials on the web, which will help you out. In case of any issues you face with, there are people over here that will always help you out (#SoReadyToHelp). Feel free to ask a question if you're stuck somewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My recommendation :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Online tutorials : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/selenium-tutorial-selenium-webdriver-tutorials/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ToolSQA&lt;/a&gt; has one of the detailed and best step by step tutorials. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/selenium-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Guru99&lt;/a&gt; is another one. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.in/Selenium-Webdriver-Java-Learn-Examples/dp/1495450201&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; is a good book to start you with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T17:30:49.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15159" CreationDate="2015-10-14T17:52:56.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Task:  Work Item type in TFS to identify and manage any type of work product to be produced.  We don't use this term exclusively as testing-specific terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Case:  In software and systems engineering, a use case is a list of action or event steps, typically defining the interactions between a role (known in the Unified Modeling Language as an actor) and a system, to achieve a goal. The actor can be a human, an external system, or time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario Testing (we call these User Scenarios): Scenario testing is to make sure that end to end functionality of application under test is working as expected. We work closely with Marketing, Technical Support, and other internal groups to develop our User Scenarios.  Expected Results are more qualitative -- does the system work for the specific user need being tested in the scenario.  This type of testing is performed after the Requirement Verification has been completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T17:52:56.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15159" CreationDate="2015-10-14T18:40:27.637" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Task:&lt;/strong&gt; A task (in layman terms) is basically a piece of work which needs to be done/accomplished. This term is not only used in Software Industry but also in other industries and organizations e.g. in Banks everyone is assigned some tasks of Teller, Approving request, opening accounts etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per the &lt;strong&gt;business dictionary&lt;/strong&gt; task is defined as 'The smallest identifiable and essential piece of a job that serves as a unit of work, and as a means of differentiating between the various components of a project.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software industry it is used for distribution of work items among team members. It can be either combination of sub-tasks (like delivering an item will involve following sub-tasks or a single work item as standalone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it all depends that upto which level of breakup is required for tracking and accomplishing a parent task. Even in your day to day life you create tasks in the form of To-Dos either in your Laptop/ Outlook/ Sticky Notes/ Physical notes etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6088/difference-between-requirement-use-case-and-scenario&quot;&gt;Scenario&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;  It is the real life situation in which the end-user/customer uses/interacts with the system and came across various failures(if there are any). Hence we generally used to say Real world scenario. A scenario is therefore usually written in narrative form, perhaps with pictures and illustrations as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/24717/do-you-use-scenarios-and-use-cases-as-one-or-separate&quot;&gt;Use Case&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; A use case is a methodology used in system analysis to identify, clarify, and organize system requirements. The use case is made up of a set of possible sequences of interactions between systems and users in a particular environment and related to a particular goal.The use case should contain all system activities that have significance to the users. A use case can be thought of as a collection of possible scenarios related to a particular goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again remember that creating both Use Cases and Scenarios is also a Task to be completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer to this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/04/r-3217/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for more granular details over Use Case, Scenario and Test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-10-14T18:40:27.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15169" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-15T02:53:20.940" Score="1" ViewCount="1214" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to use Parameters with &lt;code&gt;DataProvider&lt;/code&gt; together in &lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  @Parameters({&quot;safaf&quot;})&#xA;&#xA;  @DataProvider(name=&quot;sss&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;  public void hhhhh (String safaf){&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14681" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T11:14:27.757" LastActivityDate="2019-12-21T10:02:14.137" Title="Parameters with DataProviders" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15169" CreationDate="2015-10-15T04:11:12.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it can be done.&#xA;Parameter passing in TestNG can be done two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;@Parameter&lt;/code&gt; tag and you pass the value from your &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Useful when your dealing with simple parameter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&lt;/code&gt; tag&#xA;Useful if your reading values from prop file or database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your testng.xml will look something of this sort:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite123&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test name=&quot;test123&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;safaf&quot; value=&quot;blah&quot;/&amp;gt; &#xA;   &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;class name=&quot;DataProvider123&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T04:15:15.257" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T04:15:15.257" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15171" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15172" CreationDate="2015-10-15T06:09:00.653" Score="1" ViewCount="5161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using the CSV data set config for login multiple users, but cannot read the parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://prntscr.com/8rh0ed&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread group screenshort&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CSV data set config screenshot: &lt;a href=&quot;http://prntscr.com/8rh09c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Screenshot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Http request default page : &lt;a href=&quot;http://prnt.sc/8rh0my&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Screenshot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;login parameter screenshot :  &lt;a href=&quot;http://prntscr.com/8rh002&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Screenshot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;View result tree screenshot: &lt;a href=&quot;http://prnt.sc/8rh09c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Screenshot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done all above processes but not able to solve the problem.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Other screenshots are added in comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone explain all process step by step. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14830" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T11:40:35.647" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T11:40:35.647" Title="How to login multiple users with different inputs in different threads in JMeter using CSV data set config" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15171" CreationDate="2015-10-15T06:39:14.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to use ${email} instead of $(email) also for password.&#xA;You can check details in previously &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8798273/use-csv-parameters-in-jmeter-httprequest-path/8800525#8800525&quot;&gt;answered question here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14840" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T11:39:17.223" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T11:39:17.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15174" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-15T09:09:30.760" Score="8" ViewCount="1041" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which set of guidelines should be used in a big testing team to reduce differences in created screenshots. Devs and PMs could go crazy from different ways five testers create screenshots and highlight them. As I see it would be great to have short guidelines for all testers and there are three of them till now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;color usage in images &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tools used to create screenshots&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;naming of images&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Color usage in images&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Orange color for highlighting errors (personally don't like red cause I want to have good relations with Devs. See also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2263874/Teachers-shouldnt-use-red-coloured-pens-mark-homework-like-shouting-upsets-pupils.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Teachers should stop using red pens to mark homework&lt;/a&gt;), green for highlighting correct behaviour and for short comments what actually should be done to fix the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools used to create screenshots&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To reduce differences in style and avoid usage of old, inconvenient tools (e.g. Paint). And to use tools created especially for this purpose (e.g. TechSmith's Jing or SnagIt)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Naming of images&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Timestamp followed by clear description what is going wrong. Like in TechSmith tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;2015-10-14_1531_[description of the image clear to human being]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The image should be mentioned by name in bug description or in comments to bug report (Otherwise why do we need this image and why should I or Dev, PM check attachments if it's not mentioned in bug-report?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other suggestions? Is there anything wrong in my idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;added several tools for screenshots and image edition as suggested by @Dhiman&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT (2015/11/11):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of now we don't use timestamp in image names (it's enough of create time in image-file attributes), but we added release number and server to the name. E.g.: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;58.1.3_[Test_server_name]_[Image_name_clear_to_human].png&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's very usefull for regression testing you see the configuration where the problem was found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T08:46:20.937" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T08:46:20.937" Title="Best guidelines to create images for bug reports in big testing team?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;screenshot&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15174" CreationDate="2015-10-15T09:23:40.073" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your suggestions are very good, it is always good to have clear guidelines. Though they should not be set in stone and should be used as a guideline and not as a rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full-screen&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to reproduce the issue I want as much information as possible. A screenshot can tell a thousand words. Some people make only a screenshot of the part they think is important, but I always want a full desktop screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full-screen images include the time, the URL and or other screens and selections the user might have. This info is often key in fast reproduction of the issue. This will help developers and testers when re-producing or re-testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T09:39:36.273" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T09:39:36.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3661" CreationDate="2015-10-15T10:13:12.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can use Apache POI for interacting with Excel Files for Selenium WebDriver (under JUnit framework). You can also use TestNG instead of JUnit if anybody wants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following things can be done by using Apache POI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i) Reading data from Excel (both .xls and .xlsx)&#xA;ii) Writing data to Excel (both .xls and .xlsx)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use JExcel for reading and writing in Excel. But the limitation is that it doesn't support .xlsx format&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2981" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T10:13:12.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15177" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-15T10:22:51.420" Score="0" ViewCount="670" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a mobile project, but I got stuck with it, as I cannot Locate any element for this Login pop-up Box through UIAutomator Viewer, the only elements being displayed by the UIAutomator viewer are the web Elements that are beneath the Login pop-up box. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I go about identifying the Username, Password input boxes, Sign In button and any other element(s) on this Login pop-up box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u0h8V.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u0h8V.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14846" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T15:32:53.140" LastActivityDate="2021-04-11T22:04:05.377" Title="Unable to Locate Elements through Automator Viewer on Login Pop-up Box" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15204" CreationDate="2015-10-15T11:58:08.583" Score="4" ViewCount="6957" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are testing extensive high loads on our Web Sites and Web Services. We use JMeter and other tools for this purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say for ex. We have 5000 users/ second scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;these scenarios our local machines or any other Virtual machines fail to test due to heavy memory consumption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can people suggest their valuable inputs on what configuration of server should I buy for my testing purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;currently we are planning a 16GB Ram Xeon Server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I need inputs from experts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="15499" LastEditDate="2015-12-18T14:54:28.097" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T14:54:28.097" Title="What is recommended hardware infrastructure for running heavy JMeter load tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15174" CreationDate="2015-10-15T13:59:04.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Images for bug reports should:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;contain all the information needed.  So for browser screenshots use the whole browser window so people can see the browser, browser version and any toolbars that reflect installed tools and any footer toolbars that show info.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;not contain irrelevant information.  I am not a fan of the whole desktop screenshot as it includes too much non-relevant, distracting and possibly even personal, information.  Also it often means you then have to zoom in to see the actual window and issue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;be taken in a format that allows the image to be shown embedded into your ticket tracking system if you are using one.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;show the flow that leads to the error.  In this case I expand 'screenshot' to include using a movie and I use QuickTime (OSX) to do screen recordings.  This can be incredibly helpful when bugs are hard to find and reproduce.  For movies you may want to limit yourself to a part of a window in order to save space and reduce file size.  Remember that a 9&quot;x9&quot; movie is nine times bigger than a 3&quot;x3&quot; (9*9=81 and 3*3=9)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;be annotated with additional text to help indicate the problem.  Commonly done with red to circle items or write comments.  This can be done on top if images using free or low cost tools such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quickpicturetools.com/en/add_text/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.quickpicturetools.com/en/add_text/&lt;/a&gt; For example:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o9quP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o9quP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;should contain date in the filename format when available by default.  Many screensavers use a data and time in the filename.  Make this a required procedure.  This addresses one of the main useful things of a full screenshot.&#xA;Also &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/picture-is-not-worth-thousand-words.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/picture-is-not-worth-thousand-words.html&lt;/a&gt; highlights the following:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A picture doesn't explain how we got there&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A picture by itself doesn't explain what is right, and what is wrong&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A picture doesn't explain the expected result&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A picture doesn't help when searching&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So make sure you supplement a picture with such context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I do NOT pay attention to date stamp and screenshot file name description.  I put all that meta-data into the bug tracking system that includes the screenshot, e.g. Trello, Jira, Pivotal Tracker, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T21:43:21.710" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T21:43:21.710" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15171" CreationDate="2015-10-15T14:23:35.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The issue which you are facing is because of the wrong usage of parameter syntax in your script. You have used &lt;code&gt;login = $(email) and password = &amp;amp;(password)&lt;/code&gt; which is wrong way of declaring and using CSV file parameters in JMeter. The correct syntax is &lt;code&gt;${parametername}&lt;/code&gt; for using parameters in JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So use, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;login = ${email}&#xA;password = ${password}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and your script will work fine, remember name of parameters is case sensitive. Go through this &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1740850-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T14:23:35.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15174" CreationDate="2015-10-15T15:19:47.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will answer/go through your points one by one and will try to add some valuable information in addition to your useful &amp;amp; precised description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Color usage in images&lt;/strong&gt;: Highlighting becomes critically important when creating bugs related to GUI. Regarding the color, we have been using &lt;strong&gt;Red (R =255, G=B=0)&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Blue (R=G=0, B=255)&lt;/strong&gt; color only for highlighting in our team (via SnagIt) from last couple of years and didn't faced any issue with any developers. I have gone through the posted article and will say, If highlighting bugs with red color can lead to team issues then creating bugs is more offensive then that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you can use Red color without any issue as this is part of job which team should understand (I don't mind your Orange color idea too), but Red color is more eye catching. We have defined two colors because sometimes the area which you want to highlight already have either same background or border, which makes highlighting not usable. So, define two color for highlighting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools used to create screenshots&lt;/strong&gt;: I already mentioned that SnagIt is most widely used and feature enriched tool for capturing and editing images for creating bugs, User Guide, Release Notes etc. It also provides '&lt;strong&gt;Auto Scroll&lt;/strong&gt;' option which is very usable and time saving when you need to take screen shot of complete page, else you will end up taking multiple shots and then adding them to one. Can't tell about Jing as I haven't used it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the first two in the list here (Snipping Tool and FastStone Capture) are only for Windows.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;No OSX or Linux version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lXiNz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lXiNz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Naming of images&lt;/strong&gt;: What we are using this regard is very much similar to your defined guideline i.e. the &lt;code&gt;DateTimestamp_PageName_SectionName(if multiple sections/tabs are there on page)_DefectedFunctionality/Feature&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition all this, I completely agree to &lt;strong&gt;'Niels van Reijmersdal'&lt;/strong&gt; idea of &lt;strong&gt;Full Desktop capture&lt;/strong&gt; and just adding to it; I have seen that full screen captures also helps in determining the path of that particular page which contains error e.g. if your application maintains/displays the navigation path (Breadcrumbs) then that path is quite important for developers (especially new developer in big application) as it will easily leads them to that page without help of any other team member.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, you need to define the usage of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Text Boxes (their border, fill color, Easily readable Font &amp;amp; Font size) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrows, Pointers, Lines (Color and Width)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SnagIt Stamps (very useful for defining steps in images)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will say keep the guidelines and all these settings simple, little flexible &amp;amp; light. In my last project we have created a client shared document for these guidelines (not for the purpose of bug reporting specifically, but mainly for User documentation purpose) and have made it part of Induction process for new QAs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T02:08:05.857" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T02:08:05.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14684" CreationDate="2015-10-15T16:18:49.160" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can do it using Selenium IDE. You can read data from CSV files and use it to fill forms/fields in your application using Selenium IDE. For this you will need to add extension to Selenium IDE which can be downloaded from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/abhijain2618/csvreader&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Download this 'CSVRead_Selenium-IDE.js' file from the specified location and add it to your IDE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2GS9b.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2GS9b.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that you first need to add the command '&lt;strong&gt;readCSV&lt;/strong&gt;' file to your IDE script and in &lt;strong&gt;Target&lt;/strong&gt; paste the full path of your saved CSV file like &lt;code&gt;'file://C:/Users/dhi/Desktop/login.csv'&lt;/code&gt;. Then, store your defined parameters with the help of 'storeCellValue' command, variable name in Target field and cell location as Value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once, this is done, use the defined variable name in the Value field of the command where you need to paste/fill it. In all your script will look like this.&#xA;I too have used this and it works fine for reading data from CSV files and filling up forms/fields in application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jtAKN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jtAKN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5f3gP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5f3gP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OIX4q.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OIX4q.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this &lt;a href=&quot;http://openselenium.com/?tag=selenium-ide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for more detail information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-15T17:12:08.077" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T17:12:08.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15188" CreationDate="2015-10-15T22:03:05.937" Score="5" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Background&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the previous company I worked for, we had manual tests since 2004 and until I left. In the beginning, these were very simple Word documents with 3 columns. The first column contained an icon, one for a step and one for verification. The second column contained an instruction to the tester. The third column was empty for the result. It looked like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NtGow.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NtGow.png&quot; alt=&quot;Manual testing with a Word document&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I changed the company and found that the new company has a similar approach, but using three different file formats: Excel (very similar to above Word documents), plain text in Notepad++ and manual tests in MicroFocus QADirector, but only using the most basic Yes/No-style questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Problems of this approach&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problems I see with such a manual approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the overall result of such manual tests must be determined by someone in a manual and error prone way (Word and TXT at least, Excel could depend, QADirector was the only format calculating it).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;missing metadata makes it almost impossible to select a subset of tests for retesting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testers unlike developers are not familiar with version control, so there is seldom a &quot;backup&quot; or base line available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Question&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's now 2015 and there are lots of tools for automating tests. On the long run, automating tests saves effort and money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are manual tests in pen and paper style still popular or is it just a statistical accident that I worked in two companies doing testing like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is still popular, why? I see the problems, but what are advantages of such an approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-05-20T12:47:43.167" Title="Why are manual tests in pen and paper style still popular?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15185" CreationDate="2015-10-15T22:03:05.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Manual testing, say with Word documents, indeed has some advantages, especially if you actually print the document:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;really anyone understands the concept: give someone a sheet of paper, tell him to follow the steps and place a checkmark if it's ok or a cross if not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result of that, you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;save cost for a professional test tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;save training costs you'd have for the test tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;potentially hire untrained people, saving cost&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it scales well: just print more copies and you can perform tests in parallel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result of that, you reduce time to market, earning more money.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it does not need IT hardware&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result of that,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you save cost for IT hardware&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you save cost for a IT administration and maintenance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the process it quite fault-tolerant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;anyone can evaluate the reports: give him the papers, tell him to check for crosses and build a report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result of that, you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;save cost for a professional reporting tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;save training costs you'd have for the reporting tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;potentially hire untrained people, saving cost&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you don't print the Word document, it still leaves you with a reduced skill set for the testers: basic Office knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2015-10-15T22:03:05.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15185" CreationDate="2015-10-16T05:17:07.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just because there are tools for automating testing on the market doesn't mean they work for everyone. See my question about &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/11516/tool-for-automatic-gui-testing-of-gupta-windows-applications&quot;&gt;Tool for automatic GUI testing of Gupta Windows Applications&lt;/a&gt;: we have two tools but we can't use either for full automatic testing because they can't reliably identify GUI elements. So we must do manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, there are things in our system that must be done manually, like putting paper forms into the scanner to test the scanner and its result XML. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would really like to see more automating testing in my company, but in addition to the technical problems (see above) there are also limited resources on the development side, so the manager can't assign resources to implement automating testing (like writing unit tests, improving the GUI for identification of elements, continuous integration). In addition, our company is part of government, which has software standards (because of licensing) and requirements to use a particular software--whether or not it fits our particular needs / wishes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more example: We manually found an error in our application that only occurs when two users on different machines do the exact same thing simultaneously (clicking the mouse at literally the same second). I don't know a way you could automate something like this. And even if you could, would it be worthwhile to put effort into automating such an uncommon error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-20T12:47:43.167" LastActivityDate="2017-05-20T12:47:43.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15174" CreationDate="2015-10-16T05:33:26.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At our company we use screenshots quite rarly for bug reports, mostly only to show visual errors as a screen can tell more than 1000 words. To highlight we normally use green for correct behavior and a blue (or torquise) to highlight non-correct behavior - this comes due two points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better contrast to the GUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoiding red/green blindness problems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But of course an strong description of the problem to every screenshot is a must. The screenshot is only an addition to the wording of the bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In more than 95% our tests / bug reports we use the video tool HP Screen Recorder (as we work with HP ALM anyway) and these videos can be visited frame by frame so you can see every single step e.g. when the GUI is build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even it's a bit offtopic: Guidelines for our video snaps are also include &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Full Screen (to see other open programs, URLS etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Showing the &quot;Info&quot; screen with version number you made the video&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Showing some base data (if relevant for the bug, maybe a calculation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show all steps you do until the error occurs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding textboxes / errors / highlighting frames to the videos to give information to the viewer like &quot;I'm pressing F12 now&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helps the developers a lot to identify the causes of errors when they are are not straight-forward caused by the point where they occured but because of &quot;failures on the way&quot; or because of bad base information the tester isn't aware of - and so it may not be in the bug reports. And this is often the case because the quality of some of our bug reports come from the persons who work with the software in the end and who are not trained in how to write good bug reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T05:33:26.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15191" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-16T07:13:31.213" Score="0" ViewCount="16604" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just need to know the answer to &quot;What are the Types of Validation Testing?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14863" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T11:20:15.410" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T11:20:15.410" Title="What are the Types of Validation Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-10-19T14:56:12.003" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15192" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-16T08:05:01.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is an interchange format intended to be machine and human readable. JSON is defined by &lt;a href=&quot;http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RFC 7159&lt;/a&gt; which is completely language independent, but uses conventions familiar to programmers of the C-family of languages, including C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, Perl, Python and many others. These properties make JSON an ideal data-interchange language. It is often used in lieu of XML because of its lightweight and compact structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JSON is based on two elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A collection of name/value pairs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An ordered list of values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JSON defines six types of values: null, numbers, strings, booleans, arrays and objects. Note that with regards to objects, the order of members is not significant, and the behaviour of a JSON parser when duplicate member names are encountered is undefined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;strong&gt;JSON is not the same thing as JavaScript object literals&lt;/strong&gt;. Rather, JSON is a common format to serialize from and deserialize to objects in most languages. For more information, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://benalman.com/news/2010/03/theres-no-such-thing-as-a-json/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;There is no such thing as a JSON object in JavaScript&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also: &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/jsonp&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;jsonp&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;jsonp&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/xml&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;xml&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;xml&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/s-expression&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;s-expression&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;s-expression&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/javascript&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;javascript&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;javascript&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/rest&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;rest&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;rest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JSON libraries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsonp.java.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSR 353 (JSONP)&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/douglascrockford/JSON-java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON-Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/douglascrockford/JSON-js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaScript&lt;/a&gt; (only needed if not natively supported)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/flori/json&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruby&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Useful links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.json.com/json-example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON Example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/JSON&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON on Mozilla Developer Network&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/json?sort=frequent&amp;amp;pagesize=50&quot;&gt;FAQ in Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-16T10:44:23.670" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T10:44:23.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15193" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-16T08:05:01.530" Score="0" Body="JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a 100% textual data interchange format originally inspired by JavaScript objects. It is widely used in RESTful web services. Parsers for JSON exist in nearly all languages, and libraries also exist which can deserialize JSON to native objects or serialize native objects to JSON." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-16T10:43:18.710" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T10:43:18.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15194" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-16T08:33:55.437" Score="1" ViewCount="606" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on the OATS (Oracle Application test suite) tool for OFT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Written code in Java by using the property file &amp;amp; added the data bank to the script. It takes only the first values both in the email/password field. But data bank has 5 values, all values have to parse in email/password field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to parse the multiple values using the data bank property or with.CSV file within code written in functional testing. It works fine when I click on Iterate button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help out how to write the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the code written:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import oracle.oats.scripting.modules.basic.api.*;&#xA;import oracle.oats.scripting.modules.browser.api.*;&#xA;import oracle.oats.scripting.modules.functionalTest.api.*;&#xA;import oracle.oats.scripting.modules.utilities.api.*;&#xA;import oracle.oats.scripting.modules.utilities.api.sql.*;&#xA;import oracle.oats.scripting.modules.utilities.api.xml.*;&#xA;import oracle.oats.scripting.modules.utilities.api.file.*;&#xA;import oracle.oats.scripting.modules.webdom.api.*;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class script extends IteratingVUserScript {&#xA;@ScriptService oracle.oats.scripting.modules.utilities.api.UtilitiesService utilities;&#xA;@ScriptService oracle.oats.scripting.modules.browser.api.BrowserService browser;&#xA;@ScriptService oracle.oats.scripting.modules.functionalTest.api.FunctionalTestService ft;&#xA;@ScriptService oracle.oats.scripting.modules.webdom.api.WebDomService web;&#xA;&#xA;public void initialize() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    browser.launch();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Add code to be executed each iteration for this virtual user.&#xA; */&#xA;public void run() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    web.dialog(&quot;/web:dialog_unknown[@text='Content from the Web site listed below is being blocked by the Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration.' and @index='0']&quot;).clickButton(0);&#xA;    web.window(&quot;{{obj.AvitekDB.window}}&quot;).navigate(&quot;{{obj.AvitekDB.URL}}&quot;);//Launch Browser &amp;amp; Placing the Avitek Url&#xA;    web.link(&quot;/web:window[@index='0' or @title='Avitek Medical Records Application - Microsoft Internet Explorer']/web:document[@index='0']/web:a[@text=' Start using MedRec! ' or @href='http://localhost:7011/medrec/index.action' or @index='2']&quot;).click();//Click on the Start Using Medrec Button&#xA;    web.link(&quot;/web:window[@index='1' or @title='Oracle WebLogic Server - Medical Record Sample Application - Microsoft Internet Explorer']/web:document[@index='0']/web:b[@text='Login' or @index='1']&quot;).click();//Click on the Patient Login&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    getDatabank(&quot;AvitekDB&quot;).getNextDatabankRecord();&#xA;    web.textBox(&quot;{{obj.AvitekDB.EmailTxtBx}}&quot;).setText(&quot;{{db.AvitekDB.Email}}&quot;);//Username&#xA;    web.textBox(&quot;{{obj.AvitekDB.PasswordTxtBx}}&quot;).setText(&quot;{{db.AvitekDB.Password}}&quot;);//Password&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    web.link(&quot;{{obj.AvitekDB.SubmitLnk}}&quot;).click();//Click Submit&#xA;    web.link(&quot;{{obj.AvitekDB.LogoutLnk}}&quot;).click();//Click Logout&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void finish() throws Exception {&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4712" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T04:45:42.630" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T04:45:42.630" Title="How to parse the multiple values using data bank or CSV file in OFT(Oracle functional testing)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-28T11:01:11.097" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15191" CreationDate="2015-10-16T09:25:03.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is not so easy to answer, since there are several sources and they distinguish between validation and verification and types and levels.&#xA;So in an interview question, it's important to listen closely to find out what exactly is asked. Terminology and context is important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Verification vs. validation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A main point is to distinguish between validation and verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-verification-in-software-testing-or-what-is-software-verification/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB: what is verification&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verification is the check of the product against the specification (&quot;Am I building the product right?&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-validation-in-software-testing-or-what-is-software-validation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB: What is validation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation is the check of the specification against the user's needs (&quot;Am I building the right product?&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-quality-assurance.org/cmmi-verification.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CMMI - Verification&lt;/a&gt; (emphasis mine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Verification in CMMi is a Software Quality Control (SQC) process that addresses the question: Are we building the product correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This process looks at &lt;strong&gt;specifications, standards and guidelines to ensure that they have been correctly applied&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-quality-assurance.org/cmmi-validation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CMMI - Validation&lt;/a&gt; (emphasis mine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Validation in CMMi is a Software Quality Control (SQC) process that addresses the question: Are we building the correct product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] the essence of the question is, when this software product is placed in its proper environment &lt;strong&gt;does it fulfill the goals and needs of the end user&lt;/strong&gt;, as expressed in the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISO 9000 also defines &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.praxiom.com/iso-definition.htm#Verification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;verification&lt;/a&gt; (emphasis mine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Verification is a process. It uses objective evidence to confirm&#xA;  that &lt;strong&gt;specified requirements&lt;/strong&gt; have been met. Whenever specified&#xA;  requirements have been met, a verified status is achieved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are many ways to verify that requirements have been met.&#xA;  For example you could inspect something, you could do tests,&#xA;  you could carry out alternative calculations, or you could&#xA;  examine documents before you issue them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.praxiom.com/iso-definition.htm#Validation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;validation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Validation is a process. It uses objective evidence to confirm that the&#xA;  requirements which define an &lt;strong&gt;intended use or application have been&#xA;  met&lt;/strong&gt;. Whenever all requirements have been met, a validated status is&#xA;  established. Validation can be carried out under realistic use&#xA;  conditions or within a simulated use environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are several ways to confirm that the requirements which define&#xA;  an intended use or application have been met. For example you could&#xA;  do tests, you could carry out alternative calculations, or you could&#xA;  examine documents before you issue them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that in ISO 9000, the practical way of performing verification and validation overlaps (&quot;for example you could do tests&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Four types of verification&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://it.toolbox.com/wiki/index.php/Verification_and_Validation#Types_of_Verification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Toolbox.com&lt;/a&gt;, the four levels are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component Testing, verifying a software element (unit)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration Testing, verifying if the units work together&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Testing, verifying that the system meets the requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance Testing, verifying that the system satisfies accepance criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the four types are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inspection (reviews)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis (mathematical verification)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing (white-box testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Demonstration (black box testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In comparison, &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-are-software-testing-levels/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB lists 8 testing levels&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component integration testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System integration testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alpha testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Beta testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so it's not 100% clear if there are really only four types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.coleyconsulting.co.uk/testtype.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Coley Consulting&lt;/a&gt; thinks there are five types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interface testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Four types of validation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/validation_testing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tutorialspoint&lt;/a&gt;, validation testing in the V model has the four activities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit Testing, validating the program&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration Testing, validating the design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Testing, validating the system / architecture&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Acceptance Testing, validating against requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how this overlaps the four levels of verification defined by Toolbox.com. It seems that the terminology is not used consistently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;An acceptable answer in an interview&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an interview, you could have answered as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;explain what validation and verification are, since this this is the part with least ambiguousity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reassure whether you understood the question correctly. Let confirm that the term is really &quot;validation testing&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;explain that this term is only defined vaguely / differently by different sources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;explain which definition(s) you know&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ask which definition should be used in this interview question&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you know that definition: answer the question; if you don't: state that you assume the definitions shouldn't be too different and give a definition you know&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T08:22:26.853" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T08:22:26.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15197" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-16T11:28:04.007" Score="4" ViewCount="6219" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I am able to test an API method using JSON request in Fiddler and can view the response correctly. Also web services can be tested in SoapUI. So what's the difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14865" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-16T14:11:37.640" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T01:30:24.120" Title="Difference between SoapUI and Fiddler testing tools?" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15200" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-16T13:54:47.880" Score="1" ViewCount="1844" Body="&lt;p&gt;I saw there is already a question on this, as well as an answer in this link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12777/test-management-tool-for-cucumber&quot;&gt;Test Management Tool for Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;But I have a doubt, as is suggested I used Jenkins and created a job to execute my Cucumber tests and get the corresponding report. But my question is....what if I want to execute some of the cucumber tests manually? where should I store those results and how? I know there are many TC management tools but it would be helpful to have one where you decide if you want to execute it manually or automatically so you maintain only one tool and not 2.&#xA;Does anyone know if there is something like that, that I can use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14872" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T09:33:18.037" Title="Test Management Tool for Cucumber part 2" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-01-24T12:18:27.950" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15200" CreationDate="2015-10-16T14:22:19.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might not be the best solution but you can integrate your automated tests (cucumber) with some TC management like Testlink in a way that, after each job execution, cucumbers scenarios will be pushed to Testlink via Testlink API and will generate Manual scenarios there for you.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We implemented it in our project but I should say it is not the cleanest approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T14:22:19.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15243" CreationDate="2015-10-16T14:36:24.733" Score="1" ViewCount="3629" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;options&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;li data-raw-value=&quot;smt-b1bbdd96-f135-48ae-8744-e920942dd7a3&quot; class=&quot;selected&quot; data-sys-status=&quot;running&quot;&amp;gt;3.   LIELA LEGAL SISTĒMA ( EN - LV )&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to select the specific item with the attribute value in the data-war-value attribute. So far  have just made the way to the section but stopped at the selection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(baseUrl + TextTranslate);&#xA;new SelectElement(driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;options&quot;))).SelectByText(sysID);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the test with this kind of code I get this error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test Outcome: Failed Test Duration:   0:00:08,7050235 Result&#xA;  StackTrace:    at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.UnpackAndThrowOnError(Response&#xA;  errorResponse)    at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.Execute(String&#xA;  driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)    at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.FindElement(String mechanism,&#xA;  String value)    at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.FindElementByClassName(String&#xA;  className)    at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.By.&amp;lt;&gt;c__DisplayClass12.b__10(ISearchContext&#xA;  context)    at OpenQA.Selenium.By.FindElement(ISearchContext context) &#xA;  at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.FindElement(By by)    at&#xA;  FirstUnitTest.LetsMT_Tests.TranslateText() in&#xA;  C:\Users\edgars.karkis.TILDE\Documents\Visual Studio&#xA;  2015\Projects\FirstUnitTest\FirstUnitTest\LetsMT_Tests.cs:line 59&#xA;  Result Message:    Test method FirstUnitTest.LetsMT_Tests.TranslateText&#xA;  threw exception:  OpenQA.Selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such&#xA;  element: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;class&#xA;  name&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;options&quot;}   (Session info: chrome=46.0.2490.71)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.20.353145&#xA;  (343b531d31eeb933ec778dbcf7081628a1396067),platform=Windows NT 10.0&#xA;  x86_64)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried to select/ click the item, but the error repeats, that the element could not me found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(baseUrl + TextTranslate);&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;translateSystemContainer&quot;)).Click();&#xA;new SelectElement(driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;options&quot;))).SelectByText(sysID);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14874" LastEditorUserId="14388" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T16:37:37.347" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T16:37:37.347" Title="How to select from drop-down list in selenium c# by specific attribute value?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15197" CreationDate="2015-10-16T14:44:52.967" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is similar to real world examples, both &lt;strong&gt;Motor Cycle&lt;/strong&gt; (2 wheeler) and &lt;strong&gt;Car&lt;/strong&gt; (4 wheeler) provides approximately same speed and can carry a person from one place to another, so why two (or in actuality more than two) types of vehicles are there and that too with further classifications (different brand designing different vehicles) i.e. because each vehicle offer some unique features which other may not offer and they both differ in some respect like &lt;strong&gt;Mileage, Size, Cost, Capacity, Comfort, Safety&lt;/strong&gt; etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, in software market there are many tools available for functional, performance, security etc. testing (some paid and others free). Each tool provides some set of features (or extra features) which are not provided by other tool (or if provided by others they may not be in same way). Some tools are costly, easy to use, feature enriched, supports lot of protocols, can also be used for performance etc. while others not. In the same way there are certain limitations and feature gaps which are provided by SoapUI, but not by Fiddler and vice-a-versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is a free and open-source packet analyzer. It is used for network troubleshooting, analysis, software, communications protocol development and education. Fiddler captures HTTP and HTTPS traffic data between browsers and servers. One of the most powerful capabilities Fiddler offers is capture of traffic from almost any device (iOS, Android, Windows, Mac and so on). Personally, I have used and saw people using Fiddler for the purpose of debugging and capturing traffic for Performance tuning and resolving issues. It will capture all the network traffic (although you can control that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/about-soapui/what-is-soapui-.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; cross-platform Functional Testing solution. With an easy-to-use graphical interface, and enterprise-class features, SoapUI allows you to easily and rapidly create and execute automated functional, regression, compliance, and load tests. In a single test environment, SoapUI provides complete test coverage and supports all the standard protocols and technologies. So, this tool offers many such features not provided by Fiddler and it works with service calls interactively. It captures only that traffic/calls which you tell it to capture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have used it mainly for SOAP based WebService(s) Functional and Performance testing and it's very good at that. It is available in both Free and Licensed editions and I found this more easy to use than Fiddler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, it all depends upon your needs and requirement, if your requirement and end-to-end testing is achieved by using Fiddler and you already have experience in using it than you should go for it, but if you are comfortable with SoapUI and want to expand your testing area than use that tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many people use &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26078778/how-to-use-soapui-and-fiddler-together-for-soap-services-over-https&quot;&gt;both&lt;/a&gt; i.e. they use Fiddler to see the actual request/response on issuing web service calls using SOAP UI. This &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/249303/Testing-and-Monitoring-WCF-Service-using-soapUI-an&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; provides you step-by-step guide on using both tools together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T15:00:08.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15178" CreationDate="2015-10-16T16:42:37.750" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is impossible to say something like &quot;this hardware will able to simulate that much virtual users&quot; as the maximum load you can produce from hardware strongly depends on the nature of your test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if your test is simple hammering one or several pages with GET requests - you'll be able to simulate X users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your test assumes massive pre/post processing, uses parametrisation and assertions, - it will be less, i.e. X / 2. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would go for the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that all the recommendations from &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-performance-and-tuning-tips&quot;&gt;JMeter Performance and Tuning Tips&lt;/a&gt; are applied &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with i.e. 100 concurrent users and mention how much CPU and RAM are used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increase concurrency to 200, measure CPU/RAM once more&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continue increasing concurrency till resource consumption reaches ~80% of total CPU or RAM, whatever comes the first. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you an idea what will be hardware requirements for 5000 concurrent users for that particular load test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware that 5000 concurrent users doesn't necessarily mean 5000 requests per second as users need some time to &quot;think&quot; between requests, they don't hammer application non-stop, so think time + page load time needs also be considered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if user thinks for 10 seconds between requests and page load time is 2 seconds, it means that each user can do 5 requests per minute. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5000 users will do 25000 requests per minute which is ~415 requests per second and this load can be produced by single modern mid-end hardware. If you decide to go that way - simulate throughput instead of concurrency - take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Throughput_Timer&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T16:42:37.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3238" CreationDate="2015-10-16T17:23:56.167" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience people that started as SQA, as an entry point for being a developer, has failed. The best SQA I ever met were people that started their careers as developers and then moved to SQA for several reasons...and I am one of them. When I was a developer, also a senior one, I was always limited to take part to specific and limited part of the software under development and I was losing the visibility of the entire picture, only switching to QA I started to be involved in high level decisions and I finally reached the management floors. If you ae passionate about software development it does matter where you start, you'll be successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-10-16T17:23:56.167" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2015-10-16T17:23:56.167" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15206" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-16T20:06:09.193" Score="1" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;While adding user information in a website I'm recording the steps. After I added a patient the web site will auto generate a unique number and by taking that unique number I have to search in the next screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do I copy that unique auto generated number and pass it to another page and search the user information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using record and playback feature of MTM2012 for automating this functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when I record the steps while filling out the patient's information the website generates a unique value after patient is added. I need to copy that unique value and navigate to another page in the web site and paste it in a search box and search.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I always copy that unique value and paste in the next page to search patient's record.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Dhiman the unique value is just displated on the UI and i need to cpy it from there and paste it on the different page and search&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14877" LastEditorUserId="6736" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T14:09:48.803" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T14:09:48.803" Title="How to pass values from one page to another in MTM?" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15252" CreationDate="2015-10-16T21:51:00.577" Score="2" ViewCount="3000" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's one tag in my XML response whose elements (JSON Data) always come in different order. Is there any way to create a contains assertion with AND/OR operations or should I just use a Script Assertion? How could I accomplish this verification with XPath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edit:&lt;/em&gt; I'm using the Community Edition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14878" LastEditorUserId="14878" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T13:58:35.613" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T14:21:17.500" Title="AND/OR Operation in Contains Assertion in SOAP UI" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15185" CreationDate="2015-10-17T06:03:12.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performing test plans on printed papers should not be considered as a common practice for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;physical documents could get lost&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you should have a safe space for storing them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it's difficult to look up for an old test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;environmental staff&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and many more&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However there are at least two cases for performing tests in printed paper:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you are executing the commissioning of a software and the final result has to be signed for a formal acceptance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you are performing an inspection and you are physically not allowed to use a laptop or a mobile device&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T06:03:12.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7421" CreationDate="2015-10-17T08:09:52.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you make sure you do not duplicate test cases at different levels?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, set expectations about what's tested on each level. E.g. validation may be tested on Unit level while the fact the validation is applied can be tested on Component Level (Services, Controllers) and System Level (JavaScript, HTML). See an example of how to build Test Pyramid for Single Page apps: &lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/test-pyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Building Test Pyramid to optimize automated testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally all the test levels need to be written/maintained/reviewed by the same people. There are multiple ways of doing this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get rid of dedicated AQA engineers. Devs can write all the tests on their own. Manual QA or BA would need to be available for the consult on what cases to cover.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move away from QA as Quality Assurance to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5MN1JWRM1I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QA as Quality Assistance&lt;/a&gt; by introducing people who're very good at testing but instead of testing they teach Devs how to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entrust AQA with privileges to review/update/reject tests at all the levels - including Unit Tests written by Devs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you recognize redundant test cases&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be effectively detected by reviewing the code that was written previously. Once in a while we can retrospect the tests and see whether they &lt;em&gt;duplicate&lt;/em&gt; each other and whether the &lt;em&gt;coverage&lt;/em&gt; is sufficient. You may include Manual QA in these reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to ensure that the tests are very readable and the test cases are easily implementable - this will help in finding the holes and duplicates and won't impose high maintenance costs if these are found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When a case is discovered on UI level that could be tested at unit level, do we add it to the unit test suite?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Absolutely. Though different people may do this - either AQA if those people exist, or Devs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I understand the area is wide, hence I'm more interested in hands-on experiences and lessons learned than silver bullet solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In spite of all the given attention, Test Pyramids are still not widely spread. And therefore you should take all the information with grain of salt even from authoritative sources. As for now most of the hubbub about the Pyramid is concentrated in QA circles. But those need to widen to include Devs since without people who can write maintainable code it won't be possible to implement solid pyramids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T08:09:52.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15210" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-17T09:07:39.563" Score="3" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test a suite of ecommerce websites which are more or less similar in technology and functional flows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which automation framework will allow me to test a single portal end to end and also to test selected functionality across multiple portals.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I considered POM but there is quite a lot of duplication in it because some flows and pages for things like login, registering, etc. are the same for all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried a library style approach for each but that requires too many ifs and buts in script and is too fragile for then requirements change over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14883" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-18T20:59:55.717" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T01:16:16.747" Title="Which automation framework will allow me to have common functions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-17T12:31:07.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have three broad choices: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A fully built out tool center&lt;br&gt;&#xA;an example of a fully build out tools center is HP Quality Center&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A programming language &amp;amp; framework(s)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example Ruby, Python or C++ that allows for logic, conditionals, variables and functions.  I would choose a framework such as ruby's rspec and capybara to write the code.  Another option to consider is Jasmine which will actually run its cases in a browser.  Which framework to choose may depend on the existing back end technology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can use the selenium IDE to develop some simple prototype cases but you will want to export/switch to the above solutions for the functionality you need.  Another option is to use selenium with a programming language by using its webdriver approach.  Lots more on that on the selenium web site.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-17T12:51:55.137" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T12:51:55.137" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7421" CreationDate="2015-10-17T12:59:42.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found this to be a touch and touchy sticking point in several organizations.  I frequently see QA testers get excited about doing UI testing only to be brought down by the &quot;we already have a unit test for that&quot; conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I now take this approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI testing will duplicate units tests and that's ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing, once an experiment is now mainstream.  It's getting normal to expect 80-100% of code to have unit tests.  So when I write higher level UI automation tests I expect that most of the things I am exercising will have lower level unit tests.  That's ok.  I'm making sure all these parts work together and in order to do that I have to create, manipulate and use the same objects and code.  But I am now more interested in how they work when all put together as frequently the interfaces are where unexpected things break.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found in practice that to get a well-balanced pyramid you should do a little bit of planning.  Right now in my current organization I've created 20 top level UI tests (in selenium), we have 100 integrated feature tests using rspec-capybara and about 1000 unit tests in rspec.  To maintain this going forward we review tickets during sprint grooming and decide if new/changed automated UI testing should be done with the ticket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T12:59:42.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15185" CreationDate="2015-10-17T13:18:18.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Manual tests in pen and paper are still popular because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;almost no setup or configuration is required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they can be started immediately at any time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no programming knowledge is required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;programmers are in &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; short supply and and are &lt;strong&gt;very&lt;/strong&gt; expensive in most places&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;almost anyone can do them including entry-level or remote overseas folks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;real humans are still involved and they are better at spotting &lt;em&gt;unplanned&lt;/em&gt; things that are wrong&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they are flexible.  You can quickly change when you don't have to maintain a testing infrastructure  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they are fast in the short term and you don't get stuck with test suites that run for hours.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the results are recorded in a format that provides structure as guidance to testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there is no &quot;it works on your machine but not mine, configuration issues&quot; which burn time and $&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automated UI testing can result in brittle or fragile tests that don't add value but do take time &amp;amp; $&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically it makes the testing cheap, easy to do and widely available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note - I am not defending manual testing!  I think automated testing IS the way to go.  I am just looking to answer the exact question posed of &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; it is still popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-10-17T13:18:18.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15214" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-17T13:59:09.650" Score="2" ViewCount="891" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using cucumber js + selenium webdriver + Webstorm IDE.&#xA;What is the most convenient way to debug my tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14885" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T09:38:35.210" Title="Debug cucumber js selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-17T23:53:04.830" Score="1" ViewCount="502" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a computer science degree years ago and currently have 2.5 years full-time working experience at a Canadian Bank doing QA/Performance Testing using tools such as HP Loadrunner and Performance Center 11.5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially, I was applying for QA manual testing position, but they offered me a performance testing position due to my computer science background.  I accepted the job offer.Time flies and it has been almost 2 and half year now.  My salary is still kinda low around 50K canadian dollar.  I believe it's about time for me to move forward.  At this moment, I feel like going to work is a total waste of time.I don't enjoy my work at all.  The only benefit of working at a bank is the fact that it's a stable 9-5 job.  However, everyday from 9-5, it feels like a total waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I don't really like coding for automation/performance testing. Unlike normal developer, coding for automation/performance testing is simply scripting the workflow, which is the most boring(But may not be the easiest) type of programming. To me, it's not really &quot;creating&quot; something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 1:&#xA;If I continue in QA path, where should I go? I really don't want to do performance testing anymore and I don't want to touch the Loadrunner tool anymore.  With 2.5 years of QA Performance Testing experience, where should I go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 2:&#xA;Change to a developer job at a Startup/small company.  I wonder what will be my initial salary? Will my 2.5  years QA performance testing experience become a waste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14890" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T21:39:09.500" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T01:11:49.993" Title="What should be the next steps for my career?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15216" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-18T12:09:00.050" Score="2" ViewCount="1329" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just finished my third selenium hobby project. The program that I have done was quite big and took a long time, with a lot of multithreading and coding. The program is basically a &quot;cheap flights&quot; program, where you pick a place you want to go (Hawaii for example), and when (2015-12-02 to 2015-01-01). The program then goes to 20-30 different airline companies and returns the cheapest or/and the fastest tickets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was very fun and I learned &lt;strong&gt;A LOT&lt;/strong&gt;. Do you guys have any tips on more fun projects/programs you can do with selenium? Maybe anything fun that you have done with Selenium, beside test case automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10664" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T21:38:50.763" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T10:34:04.757" Title="Interesting Selenium projects?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-11-15T23:58:18.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15217" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-18T15:22:51.050" Score="3" ViewCount="2936" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today I attended an interview. These are the questions that I thought I needed more clarification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What are the types of testing that can be conducted on the first build which was released in the first sprint in agile development model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To whom we will report the status in scrum call? Can scrum master be a product owner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is a software which converts the data inside a file according to the mapping sheet. We have to upload the input file and the mapping sheet and output is converted file.&#xA;Derive scenarios and test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How testing varies from web applications to desktop applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12536" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-09T13:16:45.553" LastActivityDate="2021-01-23T18:19:33.400" Title="Types of testing can be done on a first build" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15215" CreationDate="2015-10-19T02:44:19.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been in testing and development. Go to development. In testing all you do is find problems, but you don't solve them. You can get paid more in development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OK -- that's grossly oversimplified, but it's to make a real point. The other oversimplified point is you will almost certainly make rather more in development, especially if you are in the U.S. In fact I think even in pure testing you could probably make half again as much almost anywhere else, even at a bank. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was a crazy time when startup folks got paid crazy (high) amounts, that time isn't now, startups I hear are likely to pay less nowadays, but I bet generally more than than the figure you mentioned at the bank. You can also find startup efforts within an established company, that could be more dynamic than the company as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The company culture and processes have a big effect whether you are straight coder or tester. Some places follow Microsoft's SDET model, which I think is rather more ideal for software engineers in testing.  If you read about it, test engineers are theoretically a lot more closely involved in the development process, including more visibility into code. Other places, the software is a black box. Anyway I interviewed at a place recently for a test engineer position; they followed an SDET approach, and on top of that, they regularly rotated engineers back into pure development, after spending time in testing, and so forth. They also said they followed a test driven development approach as a standard.  So consider looking for a place like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've done tons of performance work.  You say you don't like performance testing. Let me ask, besides running and maybe creating the performance tests, do you know how to solve the performance issues themselves? Like, can you utilize JMeter to find a performance bottleneck, alter the configuration, and increase throughput?  Because you should be learning things like that, and employers do pay for that skill. If you've learned some things like that, two thumbs up, put it on the resume. If you haven't gained that skill, find out if you can get more in the loop at your site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some specific points:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You don't grow and learn if you aren't challenged, if you aren't pushed out of your comfort zone, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;write down the accomplishments and skills you would like to see on your resume in 2 or 3 years. Like &quot;Created Junit-based test harness for the new product&quot;; &quot;Automated tests for the client web site with Selenium&quot;; &quot;Developed live graph control in Javascript for web control&quot;; &quot;Write components and applications Java in Eclipse and Netbeans&quot;; &quot;Ruby scripting&quot;; &quot;automation of build systems&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Think about where you want to be geographically, what you want to do, find what kind of companies are there. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Research companies on Wikipedia, Linkedin, Glassdoor, internet news. Look at their job postings and see what they are looking for. That strongly varies with locality, some places might be more C/C++, other places might be dominantly .Net/Java, some place more scientific computing, others more financial services.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to some meetups in your locality and see what other folks are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14892" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T02:44:19.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15217" CreationDate="2015-10-19T03:19:47.183" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to answer the first two points because I think the other two should be put as separate questions instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are the types of testing that can be conducted on first build which was released in first sprint in agile development model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no specific check-list. It depends solely on the architecture and complexity of the project. Team size and availability of resources, module risks and integration are also points to be considered while finalizing this process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the testing that I think are absolutely necessary are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build Verification Testing (Or Smoke Testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would give real emphasis on Unit testing of the individual modules, because the sooner you'll find and flush out defects, the better the build will be going forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For reference, there is an excellent &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/423/what-kind-of-testing-should-a-developer-do-before-passing-a-build-to-the-qa-team&quot;&gt;discussion&lt;/a&gt; on SQA SE regarding this. You can find a lot of good answers here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another good &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/answer/Software-testing-during-the-build-and-release-phase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now getting to the second point:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To whom we will report the status in scrum call?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you're confusing a scrum meeting with a status update call. &lt;strong&gt;They are not same at all.&lt;/strong&gt; The daily scrum meeting is not used as a problem-solving or issue resolution meeting. Issues that are raised are taken off-line and usually dealt with by the relevant subgroup immediately after the meeting. The daily scrum meeting is not a status update meeting in which a boss is collecting information about who is behind schedule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't update status in the Scrum call, rather you &lt;strong&gt;inform&lt;/strong&gt; the team of the following three things :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What I did yesterday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What I will do today&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any obstruction/problems coming your way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By focusing on what each person accomplished yesterday and plans to accomplish today, the team gains an excellent understanding of what work has been done and what work remains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though I'm not a 100% sure on who heads or leads the scrum call, since both Scrum master and Product Manager are expected to attend and participate. My understanding is the Scrum master heads it (at least in my organization), since he is to act a facilitator for Product owner and teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can scrum master be product owner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes, he can be&lt;/strong&gt; (though it is not favoured) and in my previous organization I have seen this happen. But there are various down-sides to this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you would be better off reading both the scenarios when the Product owner acts as a Scrum master or vice versa &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.pluralsight.com/scrum-master-and-product-owner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T10:39:38.707" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-19T05:45:02.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I feel you should try to put POM in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a super class in which you can contain your common objects, which can be re-used there by avoiding duplication.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Divide your child POM classes as per functionalities. Say: Login keeps all objects related to it in a class file, so this class will have all login objects for different portals(I hope I made myself clear).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to implement modularity by making your tests, functionality specific, say Login based on different page objects as inputs you can verify the functionality across portals using a number of scripts (based on your requirements).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;All I wanted to convey here is a Login package will have all test scripts related to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To verify on single portal or multiple can be easily done if you follow above and design your test suite accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T11:19:12.343" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T11:19:12.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12702" CreationDate="2015-10-19T06:18:56.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Finding element by css-selector:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;a.btn.btn-sm.blue']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finding element by xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(//a[@class=&quot;btn btn-sm blue&quot;]));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T06:18:56.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14717" CreationDate="2015-10-19T06:30:14.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The below code works for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;selectrepo&quot;)));&#xA;dropdown.selectByValue(&quot;\\keur\\BVGO&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;code&gt;selectByIndex&lt;/code&gt; for selecting the value;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;selectrepo&quot;)));&#xA;dropdown.selectByIndex(1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T06:45:34.553" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T06:45:34.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15224" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-19T06:59:14.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_service&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;web service&lt;/a&gt; is an application that responds to requests using a protocol built on top of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP&lt;/a&gt; (see also &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/http&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;http&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;http&lt;/a&gt;), the protocol of the World Wide Web. The term can also designate the application protocol itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some web services follow the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;REST&lt;/a&gt; (representational state transfer - see also &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/rest&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;rest&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;rest&lt;/a&gt;) principle, where communication takes the form of requests from a client and matching responses from the server, and the server does not keep track of successive requests from a client (no sessions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W3C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3C&lt;/a&gt; standardizes &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Services_Description_Language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WSDL&lt;/a&gt; (see also &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/wsdl&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;wsdl&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;wsdl&lt;/a&gt;) to describe web service protocols and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOAP&lt;/a&gt; (see also &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/soap&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;soap&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;soap&lt;/a&gt;) to structure messages encoded in &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XML&lt;/a&gt; (see also &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/xml&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;xml&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;xml&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T16:50:19.817" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T16:50:19.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15225" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-19T06:59:14.413" Score="0" Body="A web service is a method of communication between two electronic devices (machine-to-machine interaction) over a network (e.g.: the World Wide Web)." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T16:49:40.540" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T16:49:40.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-19T11:37:52.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most frameworks can do what you need for this, but there will be a fair amount of custom code needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use Page Object Model with inheritance as JustARandomGuy has suggested. By creating a base login class with the common login functionality/features and using an inherited login page object for the aspects of login which are unique to the page you can keep your code much cleaner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another method that helps with this situation is to use a config file with your script runs - let the config file define all your objects and groups, e.g. if the functionality of the login page is the same across all sites but the field is named differently, you might build your config file something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;site&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;sitename&amp;gt;Site1&amp;lt;/sitename&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pages&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;page&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;pageuri&amp;gt;/login&amp;lt;/pageuri&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;username&amp;gt;txtUserId&amp;lt;/username&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;password&amp;gt;txtPassWord&amp;lt;/password&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;submit&amp;gt;cmdLogin&amp;lt;/submit&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/page&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- etc... --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/pages&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/site&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other ways to store that kind of information - but if it lives in a user-editable location outside your code-base, it becomes much easier to handle any changes to page schema or field names. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within your script, you'd reference variables that pull from the reference file for your site data, so instead of something like &lt;code&gt;FindById('txtUserId')&lt;/code&gt; you might use &lt;code&gt;FindById(useridFieldName)&lt;/code&gt; with the value of &lt;code&gt;useridFieldName&lt;/code&gt; set on load of the module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used this approach in some very large (1/2 million lines of code, plus at least that many rows of data) automation projects, and had a lot of success with maintainability and extensibility. I've been able to add new functionality by adding four rows of data, and maybe a dozen lines of code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T11:37:52.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15228" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-19T12:33:58.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions regarding moving toward a personally determined career goals in the field of software quality assurance and testing. May include educational, organizational and personal development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T16:50:13.860" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T16:50:13.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15229" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-19T12:33:58.947" Score="0" Body="Questions regarding moving toward a personally determined career goals in the field of software quality assurance and testing." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T16:50:25.087" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T16:50:25.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15207" CreationDate="2015-10-19T14:09:13.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can achieve this kind of configuration using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/functional-testing/assertion-teststep.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Grouping Assertions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; method. You can create mutliple contains assertions and group them to form a grouping assertion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once assertions have been created (two or more), they can be grouped as shown below.  Grouped assertions can use either an AND or OR logic for more sophisticated assertion management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AND&lt;/strong&gt;: All assertions evaluated to VALID will assert a PASSED group condition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt;:  At least one assertion within the group must evaluate to VALID to assert a group PASSED condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing/limitation is, this feature may only be available with PRO version of SoapUI (but first you should check on your version too). Hope this helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T14:02:10.063" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T14:02:10.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15232" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-19T14:17:14.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An assertion is a statement, which aborts a program when it evaluates to false. Assert is typically used for debugging and situations which should never happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is normally bad practice to use asserts in deployed software, because it typically provides information that is useful only to programmers; exceptions are preferred in this case. Also, assertions are not for use in validating input or in other situations where exceptions are preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, asserts can be used frequently when testing, to make sure that design requirements are met (for example, when designing-by-contract), and in debugging to make sure that code which is incorrect fails as quickly as possible. Assertions often give line numbers and file names, which makes tracking down where code failed easier than with other methods like core dumps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T15:03:51.430" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T15:03:51.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15233" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-19T14:17:14.403" Score="0" Body="An assertion is a statement, which aborts a program when it evaluates to false. Assert is typically used for debugging and situations which should never happen." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-19T15:03:54.067" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T15:03:54.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15215" CreationDate="2015-10-19T14:27:04.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how you feel as I have been in the same boat, though thankfully not for as long as you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had a computer science degree years ago and currently have 2.5 years full-time working experience at a Canadian Bank doing&#xA;  QA/Performance Testing using tools such as HP Loadrunner and&#xA;  Performance Center 11.5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Initially, I was applying for QA manual testing position, but they&#xA;  offered me a performance testing position due to my computer science&#xA;  background. I accepted the job offer.Time flies and it has been almost&#xA;  2 and half year now. My salary is still kinda low around 50K canadian&#xA;  dollar. I believe it's about time for me to move forward. At this&#xA;  moment, I feel like going to work is a total waste of time.I don't&#xA;  enjoy my work at all. The only benefit of working at a bank is the&#xA;  fact that it's a stable 9-5 job. However, everyday from 9-5, it feels&#xA;  like a total waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leads me to believe that overall you're not satisfied with your job. It probably doesn't challenge you and you are bored. This happened very quickly with me when I was doing performance testing with LoadRunner. This is a very bad sign for you and your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that after 2 years in the industry and you're only at 50k is a bit shocking. If you switch companies and you know you're stuff, depending on your area, you could likely get a 50% increase in pay. This likely wouldn't satisfy you still though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, I don't really like coding for automation/performance testing.&#xA;  Unlike normal developer, coding for automation/performance testing is&#xA;  simply scripting the workflow, which is the most boring(But may not be&#xA;  the easiest) type of programming. To me, it's not really &quot;creating&quot;&#xA;  something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand this struggle. I consistently work on creating new tools and building out fixes and taking on dev tasks with my current company. It really helps me in multiple ways. I am one of the best with the software at the company (some devs know it better, not many know the system as a whole as well as I do though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also scratches the itch to create something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Option 1: If I continue in QA path, where should I go? I really don't&#xA;  want to do performance testing anymore and I don't want to touch the&#xA;  Loadrunner tool anymore. With 2.5 years of QA Performance Testing&#xA;  experience, where should I go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Option 2: Change to a developer job at a Startup/small company. I&#xA;  wonder what will be my initial salary? Will my 2.5 years QA&#xA;  performance testing experience become a waste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any other suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please share your view&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Thanks Joe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find a company without a dedicated QA department&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your boss is responsible for the SUT than they will be more open to you doing what you want/need to do in order to get the job done. This leads to you being able to QA, build automation, performance test, development tasks and work on side projects. It will keep you busy and make you extremely valuable to the company and build out your skill-set and resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current company dissolved it's QA department and assigned QA as a responsibility of the Dev managers. This was quite scary but at the end it led to everyone's primary concern being to get the job done. This changed my job from being a mundane controlled environment of knowing my role to being a dynamic position where I could take on any task I could accomplish. I was able to rise quickly through the team and become an invaluable member of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T14:27:04.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-19T17:09:03.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go down to the protocol level as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You won't be sensitive to markup changes, request/response + assertions should be enough to check baseline functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP request-based scripts are easier to maintain as they're not so fragile and development is much easier as record-and-replay is more likely to be repeatable than UI-based test which you need to do from scratch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test execution time will be much faster as it won't be necessary to actually &quot;render&quot; page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;functional tests can be converted to load tests at any time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coverage will not be limited to HTTP protocol only, you'll be able to handle situations like NTLM/Kerberos SSO, executing database queries using results for assertions or parametrisation, test FTP servers, mail servers, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most promising free and open source tools for the moment are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; guide for comparative view of the aforementioned tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T17:09:03.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15236" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-19T20:02:04.010" Score="2" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;My boss has given me the assignment of interviewing one of the new automation engineers. The only task left is the technical one, and I have been thinking about a good test that I could give him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking of giving him the assignment &quot;make a Sudoku bot with webdriver&quot;. Is this good? Too difficult? I really want to make sure that we hire a good automation tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10725" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T11:09:48.703" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T12:36:06.160" Title="Is this a good test for a selenium developer?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2015-10-19T23:01:45.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I'm using as solution that works across OS and Browsers is a MITM Proxy. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rac2030/CAPS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/rac2030/CAPS&lt;/a&gt; which alows you to set the SSL Context yourself giving you the freedom wo use any method you want to gather that context (I use this for an Entrust based authentication using Smartcards and from a special Test certificate store) but usually stick with client certificates as this works across OS and especially from our CI Setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8011" LastActivityDate="2015-10-19T23:01:45.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15238" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-19T23:30:33.200" Score="2" ViewCount="49" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to design a test system  to test an embedded realtime software. What is the best option for creating a test system like below? &#xA;Is it possible to use TTCN-3 to control hardware components like UART or Digital I/O Card to stimulate SUT?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; _________________________&#xA;|   Test Operator Client  |  &amp;lt;- Test Script  [Operator]&#xA; -------------------------   &#xA;   | Test Behavior    ^&#xA;   v                  | Test Result &#xA; ________________________&#xA;|  Test Execution Server |&#xA; ------------------------   &#xA;    | Stimulation (Send UART Message, Set Digital Output etc...) &#xA;    |              ^&#xA;    |              | Observe SUT Response ( timestamp, digital/analog IO etc...)&#xA;    v              |  &#xA; ___________________________________&#xA;|   System Under Test (Real Time)   | &#xA; -----------------------------------&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14909" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:01:19.133" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:01:19.133" Title="Designing test system that includes a test client, a test server and a system under test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-11-20T03:29:35.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15236" CreationDate="2015-10-20T01:00:33.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is this good? Too difficult?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be better to give them a real task and see how they do. I have been in interviews where I had 2 hours to write up a series of tests and then had to walk through it. You want something that will test their knowledge of best practices. Things like testing AJAX calls, login pages, finding elements with dynamic IDs, and the like. For example, one of the sites I test hijacks the form for login so you have to let the JavaScript load before submitting or you'll just end up on the same page. The best practice there would be to wait for the page to load. How that's done can differ from person to person but ultimately you are looking for them to go as fast as the app allows without the use of 'pause'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T01:00:33.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15216" CreationDate="2015-10-20T01:05:47.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Few Challenging Things I have done in the past year:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WordPress admin can be a PITA because the IDs are dynamic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sign Up for some account using Mailinator and/or Gmail to verify the email&#xA;address.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a Unix Time Stamp to come up with a unique username.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use runScript to do something, like re-size the browser window to&#xA;test responsive design.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T01:05:47.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15215" CreationDate="2015-10-20T01:11:49.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Option 1: If I continue in QA path, where should I go? I really don't want to do performance testing anymore and I don't want to touch the Loadrunner tool anymore. With 2.5 years of QA Performance Testing experience, where should I go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LoadRunner is just another tool like JMeter, so that's going to be a plus for you on the job market. Take that and run with it. Automation positions are in demand and pay more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Option 2: Change to a developer job at a Startup/small company. I wonder what will be my initial salary? Will my 2.5 years QA performance testing experience become a waste?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was on this fence about a year and a half ago. What I ended up doing was taking a QA job at a software agency (makes apps, sites, saas, etc). It was a good move because it pays the same as entry-level dev and I get to work on tons of cool projects. The fact that I don't test the same thing day in and day out has done wonders for my love of the work I do. Also, there are so many tech stacks (LAMP to .Net) that I get to work with, which makes me even more valuable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T01:11:49.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15210" CreationDate="2015-10-20T01:16:16.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My two cents: Telerik Test Studio. It can do anything. No really, if it's not built in, just write some C#. I have done RESTful API tests, UI automation, and load testing (to name a few). It's great but comes at a price. Use it a little and compare to all the stuff you have to setup with something like Selenium and its easy to show the bosses that the initial purchase is covered by the time it saves you. It is certainly cheaper than many other options like UTP and MTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T01:16:16.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15202" CreationDate="2015-10-20T01:25:26.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new SelectElement(driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;options&quot;))).SelectByText(sysID);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you are trying to find the element where &lt;code&gt;class=&quot;options&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, which is a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. You can't 'select' a UL. You can select if it's a  list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, check &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5471515/webdriver-c-sharp-select-a-value-from-drop-down&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T12:54:53.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15197" CreationDate="2015-10-20T01:30:24.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fiddler is a proxy that lets you view all network traffic, like WireShark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SoapUI is a full fledged testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My recommendation is to try POSTman. It's a free API testing tool, you can save your test into collections if you need to reuse them. I use POSTman for my initial testing and then use a CSV + PowerShell (using the HttpClient from .net 4.5+) combo to make my regression type tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T01:30:24.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15236" CreationDate="2015-10-20T03:35:18.543" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sudoku puzzle is not good task to measure skill of automation tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to suggest some good task which you can assign to test skill of selenium automation tester :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Basic test for register form where all type of fields available , ie : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/automation-practice-form/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.toolsqa.com/automation-practice-form/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Data driven task , For ex: Get data from excel , Import data to excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Implement explicit wait , work with Iframe , child windows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Integrate TestNG and generate test report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - Alerts handling&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - OOPs concepts implementation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7 - Work with site when element changes dynamically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above are my suggestions , Everything is depends on your need , your projects , your environment. Make sure whenever you are going to hire any candidate for automation testing, you should ask question for skills which you are using in your daily job or your QA team is using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no meaning to ask questions about Sudoku puzzle because once candidate joins he/she will not work to create Sudoku puzzle. It is good idea to measure logical skill but give more importance to actual need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T04:09:16.413" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T04:09:16.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15159" CreationDate="2015-10-20T08:07:19.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For any terminology in SQA check official documentation &lt;a href=&quot;http://castb.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/istqb_glossary_of_testing_terms_v2.3.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Standard glossary of terms used in Software Testing&quot; v2.3&lt;/a&gt;. From the document we can see that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use case:&lt;/strong&gt; A sequence of transactions in a dialogue between an actor and a component or system with a tangible result, where an actor can be a user or anything that can exchange information with the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is only steps of the basic workflow or extensions (shown in diagram or as a sequence of steps). It shows project skeleton and very useful to check the goals team should accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of Use Case diagram from wiki:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c90zU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c90zU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test scenario&lt;/strong&gt; term sends to &lt;strong&gt;Test procedure specification&lt;/strong&gt; (so this is more preferable) A document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution ATM of a test. Also known as test script or manual test script. [After IEEE 829]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test scenario is a detailed sequence of steps to accomplish testing of some functionality. Commonly test scenario is written in atomic steps that is clear to everyone (even a newbie tester can study the system by executing test scenarios). &lt;code&gt;Test scenario&lt;/code&gt; is a part of &lt;code&gt;Test specification&lt;/code&gt; and has many &lt;code&gt;Test Cases&lt;/code&gt; (low level actions) associated with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally lets talk about differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test scenario&lt;/strong&gt; is about detalization VS &lt;strong&gt;Use Case&lt;/strong&gt; is about generalization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test scenario&lt;/strong&gt; is about small part (easy to evaluate) of functionality VS &lt;strong&gt;Use Case&lt;/strong&gt; is about the whole system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Task&lt;/strong&gt; term as it was mentioned by @Dhiman is not a specific term for software testing, so it could have very wide range of meanings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T08:13:54.720" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T08:13:54.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3499" CreationDate="2015-10-20T08:44:31.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Late solution but posted as a reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My project is also using Ajax in order to bring new content (down scrolling). After 20 posts there's a banner you can click on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used the code below to scroll down the 20 posts and then click on the banner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: sendKeys&#xA;Target: &quot;&amp;lt;The Xpath of the 20th post (the post just before the banner)&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I used the command &lt;code&gt;clickAndWait&lt;/code&gt; in order to click on the banner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11389" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-10-20T12:56:02.740" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T12:56:02.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15216" CreationDate="2015-10-20T10:34:04.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe try something Stocks/Shares related.  The dynamic nature of the values give you a good deal of scope for asserts as does the relevant news items associated with a share.  Maybe checking the relevance of those articles?  You could then expand into additional features like verifying graph data and RNS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The combination of dynamic data and &quot;fuzzy&quot; news associations could make an interesting (but not easy!) project &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T10:34:04.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15236" CreationDate="2015-10-20T12:36:06.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think a sudoku solver is a good technical test as I think it would be too time intensive to see some results how the candidate work behavior is and how his/her knowlege is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on your application I would suggest to let him tests parts of it. This would show you how good the candidate can handle new situations / applications to test. And maybe you (as in term of companies QA) see some new ideas for testing your own application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also offer him a look at your application which may also help the candidate finding out for himself (on a personally way) if he can imagine to work with that application. Maybe you can also make something like a test scenario where you hide some bugs into your application and the candidate should find them (without knowing that they exist) - I'm thinking to something like these TV documentations where they tests car repair shops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least you can always fall back on core scenarios what are quite common but essentiel to see basic skills, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login dialog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create new Account / personal Data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create, fill out forms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Handle incoming forms and assert the correct value of something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T12:36:06.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15251" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-20T13:14:27.717" Score="3" ViewCount="689" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to integrate &lt;em&gt;STB tester&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;Appium&lt;/em&gt; so that I can automate video validation test cases of my app. Could anyone give me some tips where to start?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have setup &lt;em&gt;STB tester&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Appium&lt;/em&gt;. What steps should I do next to proceed further?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14913" LastEditorUserId="24282" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T15:10:03.880" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T15:10:03.880" Title="Integration of STB tester with appium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;stb-tester&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15207" CreationDate="2015-10-20T14:04:40.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So basically I found out the way to do it through a Groovy Script. I used the JsonSlurper util as with Groovy is really flexible and allows me to manage the XML Response as a Key-Value data structure. An example of my solution is shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import groovy.json.JsonSlurper&#xA;def xPath = '//ADDITIONAL_INFORMATION'&#xA;def addinfo = context.expand( '${verifyTransaction#ResponseAsXml#'+xPath+'}' )&#xA;def object = new JsonSlurper().parseText(addinfo);&#xA;&#xA;assert object instanceof Map;&#xA;&#xA;assert object.key_1 == 'Information1'&#xA;assert object.key_2 == 'Information2'&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps somebody with the same question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14878" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T14:04:40.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15253" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-20T16:03:52.323" Score="1" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I eviciantly force a timeout in an &lt;code&gt;OPC XML.da&lt;/code&gt; Connection to force a reconnection and therefore (maybe) a new subscription of real time tags?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To check weather our dev or the manufacturer device is not disposing correctly of old sessions or does not check for reconnections timeout limits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am supposed to try to shut down manufacturer &lt;em&gt;OPC Server&lt;/em&gt; by reaching 100 subscriptions  using a third party tool to prove our dev team is right and that it is a manufacturer problem - or not . I told them&#xA;a free third party tool is *kassel dOPC Explorer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an elegant way to do this? I mean except opening one connection and then trying to shut down network connection or crash the application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our application is using &lt;em&gt;DANSrvNet4&lt;/em&gt; to connect to the &lt;em&gt;OPC Server&lt;/em&gt;. Apparently I have no idea how to simulate this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8797" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T02:10:21.017" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T02:10:21.017" Title="Simulate Timoute and reconnect to OPC server" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-02-04T00:53:37.033" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15254" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15275" CreationDate="2015-10-20T16:31:14.673" Score="0" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;Enterprise-level content management systems (CMS), like Sitecore and EPiServer utilise reusable components and blocks that be added anywhere in a template. To a lesser extent, Umbraco mirrors this behaviour with macros. With this functionality in place, there are a significant amount layout possibilities for the administrator. However, the QA cannot come close to testing even a small percentage of the permutations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the convention for testing these layout ordering variations?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11322" LastEditorUserId="11322" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T09:54:22.857" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T09:54:22.857" Title="Manually testing CMS components (blocks) layout permutations and variations?" Tags="&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15274" CreationDate="2015-10-20T18:00:46.200" Score="6" ViewCount="310" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been struggling a bit when writing test cases. Our team follows a 2 week sprint, and I'm writing acceptance test cases on these user stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried the BDD format (Given/When/Then) and it feels...short. I'm not automating everything (although what I do automate I automate after development is stable, and I use cucumber). I'm not sure if this is the right way to go (Although I love the BDD methodology and I want to try it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then again this is also an &quot;outline style&quot;, a kind of a &quot;Verify X works this way&quot; with a sort of checklist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not really sure which way makes the most sense, and really what the advantage/disadvantage is. I'm not really looking for a &quot;Which is better&quot; but more of a &quot;Which makes more sense for BDD&quot; or &quot;advantages/disadvantages&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T11:09:00.543" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T20:50:36.963" Title="Style of acceptance test cases? (BDD)" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15272" CreationDate="2015-10-20T18:52:32.627" Score="4" ViewCount="16735" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to create a demo for a new web-application using Selenium Webdriver Java, this demo is being created for a client meeting (as to show him, compatibility of Selenium with their application). But my bad luck I got stuck on the very login page. I have to use client provided machine for this (so I am not the administrator of the system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is when I try to log in manually, I am able to log in without any problem, but when I fire the same steps using Selenium Webdriver, it is hitting the login button but processing stops after 1-2 seconds (tried many times).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In place of &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt;, I have tried &lt;code&gt;sendKeys(Keys.ENTER)&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;sendKeys(Keys.RETURN)&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;Also, I have tried launching Firefox with different user profiles too like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ProfilesIni profile = new ProfilesIni();&#xA;FirefoxProfile myprofile = profile.getProfile(&quot;abc.Default User&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(myprofile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but these solutions are not working. I tried the same kind of scripting on other applications (like Gmail, Flipkart etc.) and they are working fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I know that there is some kind of javascript which is fired on clicking of the login button which is required for login (but have found that with other tools like Test Studio, VSTS Coded UI and &lt;strong&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt; this case is working fine for this application).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even after using a different profile (as mentioned in the mode above), Firefox instance launched by Selenium is different then when it is manually launched. But I have tried with different profiles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have tried after converting Selenium IDE code into the WebDriver but still same issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T08:42:56.840" LastActivityDate="2019-02-13T04:16:09.870" Title="Not able to login into application using Selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6359" CreationDate="2015-10-20T19:28:17.540" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/Bouke/11261620&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;installation instructions&lt;/a&gt; referenced by @dimitry-cheremushkin have been changed and recommend using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pyenv&lt;/a&gt; instead. Tox and Pyenv can be used together like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First we ensure we have &lt;code&gt;pyenv&lt;/code&gt; installed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ brew update&#xA;$ brew install pyenv&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then we install all the needed python versions with &lt;code&gt;pyenv&lt;/code&gt;. This might take time. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/downloads/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;python.org/downloads&lt;/a&gt; for available versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ pyenv install 2.6.9 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; pyenv ... &amp;amp;&amp;amp; pyenv install 3.5.0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the directory of our setup.py, let us run &lt;code&gt;pyenv local ...&lt;/code&gt; as below. It will create &lt;code&gt;.python-version&lt;/code&gt; file that stores the versions to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ pyenv local 2.6.9 2.7.10 3.2.6 3.3.6 3.4.3 3.5.0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;code&gt;pyenv&lt;/code&gt; installed the Python distributions to a dir &lt;code&gt;~/.pyenv/shims&lt;/code&gt;. To let them to be found instead default Python, the dir must be prepended to the PATH environment variable. Even though more &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv#basic-github-checkout&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;permanent solutions&lt;/a&gt; exist, the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv#neckbeard-configuration&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;does the trick for one terminal session&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ eval &quot;$(pyenv init -)&quot;&#xA;$ echo $PATH&#xA;/Users/myname/.pyenv/shims:/usr/bin:...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following &lt;a href=&quot;http://tbb.co/using-tox-and-pyenv-for-testing-and-development/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;has been recommended&lt;/a&gt; to be run to ensure the shims have correct packages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ pyenv rehash&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, let us assume the following &lt;code&gt;tox.ini&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[tox]&#xA;envlist = py26,py27,py30,py31,py32,py33,py34,py35&#xA;[testenv]&#xA;deps=&#xA;    nose2&#xA;    unittest2&#xA;commands=nose2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally we can run &lt;code&gt;tox&lt;/code&gt; in all the environments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ tox&#xA;...&#xA;py26: commands succeeded&#xA;py27: commands succeeded&#xA;py30: commands succeeded&#xA;py31: commands succeeded&#xA;py32: commands succeeded&#xA;py33: commands succeeded&#xA;py34: commands succeeded&#xA;py35: commands succeeded&#xA;congratulations :)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14918" LastActivityDate="2015-10-20T19:28:17.540" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15256" CreationDate="2015-10-21T05:13:27.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also faced a similar problem with my application.&#xA;Clicking the element through action class worked for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Your ID Here&quot;));&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;builder.moveToElement(webElement).click(webElement);&#xA;builder.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If clicking with action class does not work, you can also try clicking element by Javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Your ID here&quot;));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, webElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastEditorUserId="14567" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T05:44:03.153" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T05:44:03.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15278" CreationDate="2015-10-21T05:48:18.947" Score="1" ViewCount="6530" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I set the &lt;em&gt;number of threads&lt;/em&gt; to 50 and &lt;em&gt;ramp up time&lt;/em&gt; to 750 - does it mean that 15 users will come on site every second?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes then how can I set a delay between users? Because for requests I am using a constant timer to set delay between requests. But how do I set delays between users? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T06:36:32.220" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T16:42:55.733" Title="Setting up RAMP UP TIME and delay between requests in JMETER" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-21T05:59:25.307" Score="36" ViewCount="50256" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't understand the differences between the following terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot;&gt;Behavior-driven development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot;&gt;Test-driven development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ATDD - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_test-driven_development&quot;&gt;Acceptance test-driven development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanban&quot;&gt;Kanban&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_%28software_development%29&quot;&gt;Scrum&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do these terms work in the agile methodology? What's the difference from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall_model&quot;&gt;waterfall&lt;/a&gt; approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14860" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T21:36:49.593" LastActivityDate="2021-01-06T06:16:23.993" Title="Exactly how are BDD, TDD, ATDD, Kanban and Scrum different from a waterfall approach?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="22" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15263" CreationDate="2015-10-21T07:09:11.507" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kanban and Scrum are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilemanifesto.org/&quot;&gt;Agile&lt;/a&gt; process frameworks and therefor have short iterative development cycles as compared to the longer separate phases of waterfall projects. Agile projects focus on getting a working product in short iterations, each iteration should deliver a piece of deploy-able product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BDD, TDD and ATDD are not development methodologies and can be used in waterfall projects. They are techniques to design requirements and test-cases which can be automated. Often they are used in Agile software development, because they give a fast feedback cycle for requirements and code under development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because Agile development does not have a separate testing phase its important that most if not all testing is automated. Applying BDD or TDD makes sure each new development has automated test coverage and the behavior is safe guarded iteration after iteration. This is why these practices are more important in Agile development than in Waterfall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/&quot;&gt;the Art of Agile&lt;/a&gt; book, although it describes another Agile flavor &lt;em&gt;eXtreme Programming&lt;/em&gt;. It clearly describes technique's like TDD how and why they are used. Another good read is &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T08:21:58.067" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T08:21:58.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15266" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-21T11:35:07.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WorldWideWeb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;World Wide Web&lt;/a&gt; (abbreviated as WWW or W3, and commonly known as &quot;the Web&quot;) is a technology that connects various kind of systems with interlinked hypertext documents accessed using networking protocols.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The credit of inventing World Wide Web goes to many researchers, but It was &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tim Berner-Lee&lt;/a&gt; also known as TimBL who not only proposed the idea of WWW but also gave his full contribution in development of 3 very significant technologies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invention of URL (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Locator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Uniform Resource Locator&lt;/a&gt;) and URI (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Identifier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Uniform&#xA;Resource Identifier&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The HyperText Markup Language (HTML)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designing of a Protocol for HTML - HTTP (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HyperText Transfer&#xA;Protocol&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The World Wide Web is an interconnected network which works as a bridge not only between two terminal ends (Web browser &amp;amp; Web server) but it also connects client machines to database servers with controlled access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a Web browser (client), one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia, and navigate between them via hyperlinks, the default port for requests and responses via HTTP protocol is port 80.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A web server on other hand receives the client's requests and generates the proper response for it, like &lt;em&gt;404 Page Not Found&lt;/em&gt; or renders the web content on client machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T21:24:32.267" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T21:24:32.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15267" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-21T11:35:07.587" Score="0" Body="General questions related to all aspects of the world wide web. For specific portions, use the specific tag for it, such as [uri], [websites], [html] and [http]." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-25T13:35:17.677" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T13:35:17.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15263" CreationDate="2015-10-21T11:48:09.147" Score="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen TDD/BDD/ATDD used interchangeably with Scrum/Kanban/Agile, so the confusion is understandable. Here's my take on the differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Waterfall&lt;/strong&gt; is a software development methodology where each kind of development activity happens in a separate phase (requirements gathering, design, development, testing...). Typically, waterfall projects work best where the problem the software is intended to solve is fully knowable and clearly defined. Not many software projects meet that criteria - it's the &lt;em&gt;unknown unknowns&lt;/em&gt; that cause problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agile&lt;/strong&gt; is a software development &lt;em&gt;philosophy&lt;/em&gt; that aims to focus more on short cycles with all development activities happening simultaneously (although not on the same parts of the project at the same time - as new requirements are discovered, the team builds them into their design while working on developing and testing areas they designed in previous cycles). There are a number of Agile methodologies including:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scrum&lt;/strong&gt;, which focuses on constant communication between team members via frequent short ceremonies. I've often seen Scrum used as the framework for an agile process, with a Kanban board used as the primary tool to communicate progress to people outside the team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kanban&lt;/strong&gt;, which focuses on the Kanban board (at least in my experience). The board holds the tasks agreed on for an iteration, and team members choose tasks to move them to the different state columns as they work. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are other agile methodologies, but the Scrum/Kanban combination is one of the more common varieties.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TDD/BDD/ATDD&lt;/strong&gt; are software development &lt;em&gt;techniques&lt;/em&gt; that can be used in any methodology although aspects of all three are often part of a team's agile approach.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TDD&lt;/strong&gt; is Test-Driven Development: the idea is that unit tests are written &lt;em&gt;first&lt;/em&gt;, then enough code is written to make the tests pass. The pure TDD cycle is to write one failing unit test, then enough code to pass the test. Then a second failing unit test, then enough new code to pass both tests. And so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BDD&lt;/strong&gt; is Behavior-Driven Development: this technique operates at a slightly higher level than TDD while still following the basic principle of writing the test, then coding to pass the test. BDD is usually the lowest level that will use the &lt;em&gt;Given-When-Then&lt;/em&gt; pattern to describe the test (e.g. &quot;Given that I have logged in, When I click the My Orders link Then I will be directed to the Order List page&quot;). It can be difficult to distinguish between BDD and ATDD - the difference here is subtle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ATDD&lt;/strong&gt; - is Acceptance-Test-Driven Development: this and BDD are often, in my experience, used interchangeably, particularly if the acceptance test is expressed in the Given-When-Then pattern (such as: &quot;Given that I am a logged-in user, When I go to My Orders Then I will see a list of all the orders I have made in the system, ordered from the most recent to the oldest.&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's not uncommon to see blends of all three techniques used: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User requirements are written as one or more user acceptance tests (that fail)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each acceptance test is decomposed into one or more behaviour tests (that fail).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each behaviour test is decomposed into one or more unit tests (that fail). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At this point coding begins and each level iterates until all the user acceptance tests are passing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:50:38.593" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:50:38.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15206" CreationDate="2015-10-21T14:53:34.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know (and I used MTM) about MTM, it seems not feasible with the record and playback feature of MTM. This is just a simple recorder which has been designed and provided to help manual tester to ease and accelerate their job of manual testing. All validations (Pass/Fail) still needs to done manually by the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to go further in testing using MS products, then you need to enter the rabbit hole and start using Coded UI, your first level of analysis of MTM can be helpful in creating and using Coded UI tests, as you can convert your recorded MTM test cases into Coded UI code and then can manipulate them for any level of testing (like Copy and retain a generated value and passing it to another page -- which is your required functionality). So, you nee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to support above mentioned text I found this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The record and playback in Microsoft Test Manager is designed to&#xA;  assist the manual tester, it is not a complete automation solution. It&#xA;  helps to make retesting easier and more precise. All validation is&#xA;  done manually in Test Manager, in saying that - Test Manager records&#xA;  when you input Parameters so this means that it is easier to convert&#xA;  these recordings to a Coded UI Test. This enables programmatic&#xA;  validations and you can do more complex scenarios as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So Microsoft Test Manager is focused around helping the manual testers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Coded UI tests are performed in Visual Studio and can be created from&#xA;  a recording in Test Manager and is intended for a specialist type&#xA;  role, normally you would want a bit of programming knowledge. bit it&#xA;  would still be possible to create basic tests with simple validations&#xA;  using the recording tool in visual studio&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, you will need to start using Coded UI, for achieving these kinds of mentioned scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T14:53:34.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15263" CreationDate="2015-10-21T15:20:43.260" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kate's answer is great, but I want to throw in my 2 cents for differentiating TDD/BDD/ATDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TDD&lt;/strong&gt; is writing tests first and letting those tests drive the development of your application. This introduces the idea of Red/Green/Refactor. The basic process is to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a failing test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make the test pass with application code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactor the application code for maintainability, performance, etc. (while keeping tests green)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that TDD is a high level concept and can be applied at any level of testing in the pyramid (unit, integration, acceptance).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BDD&lt;/strong&gt; is a technique for doing TDD. You frame your tests so that they test application behavior and NOT specific scenarios. That may seem a bit nuanced, and it is. And it is the reason that BDD is so interchangeably used with TDD and ATDD. Consider this test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe Calculator do&#xA;  it &quot;returns 2 when I add 1 and 1&quot; do&#xA;    expect(Calculator.add 1, 1).to eq 2&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this test? Well, we've framed it so that it ONLY tests that &lt;code&gt;1 + 1 == 2&lt;/code&gt;. We're not testing a behavior, but instead, a specific data set. We're not proving that &lt;code&gt;2 + 1 == 3&lt;/code&gt;. Or &lt;code&gt;99 + 1 = 100&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what if we framed our test like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe Calculator do&#xA;  context &quot;when adding 1 to a number&quot; do&#xA;    it &quot;returns the next sequential number&quot; do&#xA;      expect(Calculator.add 1, 1).to eq 1.next&#xA;    end&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems super trivial (and my example definitely is), but this test proves that &lt;code&gt;1 + 1 == 2&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;6 + 1 == 7&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;1500 + 1 == 1501&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's BDD in a nutshell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BDD is a high level concept too and can be applied to any level of the testing pyramid. A declarative approach to acceptance testing is kind of inherently BDD. But you can do imperative acceptance testing that is more tied to specifics and generally less BDD in nature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing should be BDD in my opinion. I find that it often is, though it's not often framed that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ATDD&lt;/strong&gt; is testing from the business' perspective. We're not concerned with the HOW but the WHAT. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where a unit or integration test concerns itself with the implementation (the API returns the correct status code), an acceptance test concerns itself with the result (the user can log in). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ATDD is taking this tenet of acceptance testing, automating it, and letting those tests drive the development of the application. Thus you can see how the TDD fits into ATDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, all of these terms have been mixed, picked apart, and redefined too many times. When I'm discussing their implementation with a coworker, I think it's helpful to define them to set a common foundation. My BDD is not always the same BDD that my coworker is referring to. The same goes for ATDD and (to a lesser extent) TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Changed a bit about BDD to clear up my thoughts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TDD is a process. BDD and ATDD are techniques for doing TDD. Writing a unit test, then coding to make that unit test pass is also TDD. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But TDD has become synonymous with that last example, and I think this is where a lot of the confusion comes from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5657" LastEditorUserId="5657" LastEditDate="2015-10-21T19:31:40.460" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T19:31:40.460" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2015-10-21T15:49:59.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way we have accomplished this is sending keys to the browser window. Agreed its not the best solution but its quick and works. We did this on IE9 with the selenium web driver for IE and the scenario we wanted to automate was a submit button click that would end up downloading a file on the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way we accomplished this was clicking submit on a thread because submit blocks till the action is taken to either progress or cancel the download on the download bar. Then wait for few seconds and send Tab keys to the browser which eventually ends the focus on the save button (Sending &lt;kbd&gt;ALT&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;S&lt;/kbd&gt; would work if you just want to save in the default location in IE) but in our case we wanted to save the file with a specific name in a specific location. Once on the save button send the Down arrow key which opens up the menu on the save button and then a couple of down arrow keys more followed by Enter opens up the save as dialog. Here is the code snippet (written in C#):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt; Thread ts = new Thread(new ThreadStart(()=&amp;gt; submitButton.click();));&#xA; ts.start();&#xA; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);&#xA; System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait(&amp;quot;{TAB}&amp;quot;);&#xA; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA; System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait(&amp;quot;{TAB}&amp;quot;);&#xA; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA; System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait(&amp;quot;{TAB}&amp;quot;);&#xA; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA; System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait(&amp;quot;{DOWN}&amp;quot;);&#xA; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA; System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait(&amp;quot;{DOWN}&amp;quot;);&#xA; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA; System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait(&amp;quot;{ENTER}&amp;quot;);&#xA; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Save dialog opens up. Send more keys to write name of file and then send &lt;kbd&gt;ALT&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;S&lt;/kbd&gt; to download it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14930" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-27T10:22:24.653" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T10:22:24.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15256" CreationDate="2015-10-21T18:58:25.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the login form is 'hijacked' via JavaScript your test might be running too fast. So if you open the url, enter values, and submit it won't work. You can try adding a 'pause' for 1500ms after opening the page to give the JS time to load (as a test of this theory). To submit the form a click() on the button should work. You could also try 'submit' form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T18:58:25.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15255" CreationDate="2015-10-21T18:59:22.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The more detailed the test case, the more time you will spend on revisions  as the software evolves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The less detailed the test case, the more you are leaving it up to your testers to read between the lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you should try it both ways and see how it goes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T18:59:22.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15255" CreationDate="2015-10-21T20:50:36.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend doing both approaches, for different purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given / When / Then is good for testing &lt;em&gt;communication&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; This format brings assurance that what you are testing is what the business owner / requirements writer intended. The bugs mainly caught by these tests, IME, are ones where the business owner intended X and the dev did Y. Often, these tests (if the devs read them) will &quot;catch bugs&quot; before they are implemented, because the dev will come to tell you that the test is wrong. A conversation with the business owner usually clears up where the issue is, and often it is a communication issue. These tests will also catch basic &quot;the feature doesn't work&quot; issues that somehow leak through the developer's unit tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;strong&gt;Given / When / Then tests often carry a substantial amount of overhead&lt;/strong&gt;. First, writing the G/W/T format tends to take more time than a checklist, especially to write this format &lt;em&gt;well&lt;/em&gt;. Second, to get the most value from G/W/T tests, you need to ensure that both the business owner and the developer read them before coding starts. Often developers, especially, horde their precious work time - the less you have for them to review, the more likely they are to be involved. Finally, IME maintenance for tests implemented with G/W/T languages like Cucumber tends to be more costly than e.g., JUnit tests, mostly because there is the additional &quot;English&quot; layer on top of the libraries. Moving from English to code effectively has some quirks that do create additional maintenance work. It's easy to end up with test steps that seem to do one thing in English but actually do another in code, especially if you have multiple test implementors. In general, you want a test pyramid - acceptance tests should be the smallest group of tests, then system integration tests, then component integration tests, then unit tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, &lt;strong&gt;I use the Given / When / Then format for only those things that have clear requirements around them that the business owner cares about.&lt;/strong&gt; For some code, this will include mainly happy path scenarios while the engineers will be the best ones to determine how error cases should be handled. In other cases, there are requirements around error cases that the business cares about deeply and additional Given / When / Then style outlines will be needed for those cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I usually then use a list or checklist to cover the other scenarios or test work that the business owner doesn't care about.&lt;/strong&gt; This is mostly error cases, but will also include things like logging, metrics, documentation, very technical aspects of the feature like queue processing performance, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T20:50:36.963" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15254" CreationDate="2015-10-21T21:44:51.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Obviously, you can't test everything. The question then is, how can you test as many of the most important things in the time you have available? This is a big question as written, and I'm only going to be able to cover it at a very high level. Apologies if I am not answering at the level you wanted, or if this answer is too basic :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First of all, try and come up with equivalence classes.&lt;/strong&gt; There should be some broad categories of error types that you can test for, specifically. Wrapping around the edge, resizing the screen, large numbers of blocks, etc. Do a rough sort of these equivalence classes in priority order, and start writing automated tests for them from highest priority to lowest. Prioritize based on the reduction in risk you think you will achieve for the time it takes to automate that test. Deprioritize tests that are hard to automate, or put them on a list of manual tests. These automated tests will become your regression test suite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find that there are some cases where you have lots of parameters and cannot test all the combinations; in these cases, you may have to do some research into combinatorial testing to work out the proper way to get the best coverage with the time and resources you have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Work with the developers (who absolutely need to be writing unit tests - you won't have time to do all the unit tests as well unless your dev / test ratio is less than 1) to ensure that tests are being written at the proper level. Many things should be covered in unit tests with mocks that may not need additional coverage in integration tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test as much as you can without the UI; UI tests are the most expensive to maintain. Anything you can test at the API level or lower will be more free time to spend on exploratory testing (below). Make sure your tests at the UI level include saving screen shots on failure, so you can see what the error looks like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In addition, plan on investing in manual exploratory testing.&lt;/strong&gt; There are a lot of approaches to exploratory testing; one you should probably start with is taking the equivalence classes you haven't automated yet and start testing around them, manually, taking careful notes as you go. You will probably discover additional equivalence classes and tests as you go - either perform them as you think of them, or capture them somewhere so you can add them to your prioritized list later. When you find bugs, make sure you add automated regression tests for those bugs or create a workitem / JIRA ticket / etc. to track the missing test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exploratory testing is something of an art, and there are many techniques that people use to be more successful. James Bach and James Whittaker are both good resources, IME.  James Bach has &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/articles/what_is_et.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a good introduction to exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt;, and James Whittaker's &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj620911%28v=vs.120%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;exploratory testing tours&lt;/a&gt; may also be helpful.  These &quot;tours&quot; are different ways to look at your software to uncover different classes of bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you have the time and resources&lt;/strong&gt;, I would investigate to &lt;strong&gt;see if you can create some automated exploratory tests.&lt;/strong&gt; These are tests that generate scenarios to test according to some algorithm, usually involving some random behavior but also some logic based on what you think would be interesting to examine, and then run a series of checks to determine if the scenario that was generated might have a bug in it (Do the logs have exceptions? Are elements overlapping on the screen that shouldn't be? Is too much memory being used? Did you get a stack overflow? Etc.). You can probably come up with good checks based on bugs you find through normal regression testing and manual exploratory testing. If the test might be hitting a bug, the test will try to capture any useful information - screenshots, exception stack traces, etc. - and will save that information somewhere for you to go over the next day and triage for real bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated exploratory tests can run overnight and cover far more &quot;turf&quot; than what you could do manually, but will miss some bugs that will be really obvious to the human eye. At the same time, they may also catch some bugs that aren't always visible, but could cause problems under some circumstances (especially memory issues, etc., which can be tedious to test by hand). Good design is critical to making these tests as useful as they can be, as you may want to use several different algorithms to generate scenarios and use configuration to alter how often you use which algorithm, so your automated exploratory tests can mature along with the code base. Note that this style of testing is very important for a high level of polish, but also is time-intensive and resource-intensive. You simply may not have time to engage in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2015-10-21T21:44:51.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-22T05:12:38.940" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am working on automation project. I have completed all test cases and executing in my local. Now my Project Manager wants to be execute it in a server so any one can access and execute the scripts. Is there any possible to place in a server. Please let me know If any chances ASAP&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="8468" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T06:40:48.867" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T13:42:35.803" Title="Setting up central system to run selenium scripts" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15262" CreationDate="2015-10-22T06:09:58.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;number of users (called threads) the Ramp-Up Period, leave the the default value of 1 seconds. This property tells JMeter how long to delay between starting each user. For example, if you enter a Ramp-Up Period of 5 seconds, JMeter will finish starting all of your users by the end of the 5 seconds. So, if we have 5 users and a 5 second Ramp-Up Period, then the delay between starting users would be 1 second (5 users / 5 seconds = 1 user per second).&#xA;you can monitor that by adding &quot;View Result in Table&quot; in the Start time column&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T06:09:58.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15263" CreationDate="2015-10-22T06:17:03.647" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between Waterfall methodology and an iterative methodology (agile, Scrum, etc.) is that Waterfall requires each step of a defined process be performed to completion in a particular sequence.  In an iterative methodology you complete small slices of the problem at a time by gathering just a few requirements and coding each one to completion, then seeking feedback from your users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Waterfall&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Waterfall you follow a rigid pattern.  You gather all the requirements you can, then you analyze them, then you design a solution, then you code a solution, then you test the solution, then you deploy the solution.  This originated in the engineering processes of the physical world long ago, and was carried over to the software world because it's a process that is well understood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The problems with Waterfall&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main problem with Waterfall is that if it's not perfectly done up front, costs or quality will suffer.  If the tester finds a bug, they report it to the coders.  The coders look at it and may say &quot;well that's a flaw in the design&quot;, and hand it up to the designers.  The designers say &quot;well, this is what's in the requirements.&quot;  So they go back to the analysts, and so on, and so on.  They fix the requirements, pass the fixed requirements to the designer, who modifies the design, who gives it to the coders, etc.  Every mistake is extremely expensive to fix.  To avoid this cost Waterfall requires intense attention to every detail at every step.  The requirements must be reviewed by designers, testers, and the stakeholders.  The designs must be reviewed, the code must be reviewed, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is where Waterfall can lead to poor quality.  If the tester passes a bug to the coders, the coders may look at it and say &quot;this will take a big design change to fix correctly, or we can just put a patch here.&quot;  Management will almost always say &quot;do the patch, because it's faster than fixing the entire design and we have a deadline to meet.&quot;  And it doesn't take a lot of patches to turn a flexible design into a brittle product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other problem with Waterfall is the lack of continual feedback from the users.  The Waterfall process can take months or years.  By the time their product is fully delivered, the team may have interpreted the requirements differently, and developed something completely different from what was intended or desired.  Or the market for the product may have changed, and the product is no longer needed.  All that work becomes a sunk cost that never delivered a dime of value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iterative product management&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an iterative approach that uses Behavior Driven Development and Test Driven Development the cycle of product development is dramatically shortened.  In some methodologies such as Scrum, iterations can be defined in terms of weeks; in others, iterations can be done in days, hours, or even minutes.   With BDD requirements are gathered, and then specifications are written in the form of functional tests.  One common complaint of developers is that requirements are poor; in BDD a poor requirement is immediately identified because it's impossible to write a test for it. So the requirements are fixed almost as soon as they're being written.  This reduces many problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These functional (behavioral) tests obviously fail, because there is no code written yet to pass them.  The developers then write just enough code to pass the tests (they do this in short TDD cycles, building up the feature by creating a quick skeleton first, then adding bits of the feature one piece at a time.)  During this activity, the developers may discover flaws or omissions in the specifications; fixing them is often as cheap as asking the stakeholder a clarifying question, fixing the test, then fixing that code module.  The key is the faster the feedback, the cheaper it is to course correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Driven Development then builds code through a three step process:  red, green, refactor.  When they start development, they write a test that fails (failing tests show up as red).  By the act of writing the test first, the developer must think about the interface to the module they're writing, and how to make it easily testable.  Stateless logic is easier to test than stateful logic, so they have incentive to write stateless code, dividing their code into service objects and value objects.  Code that is easy to test is code that is modular and easy to use.  This provides the first step in good design.   They then write enough code to pass the test (it's green.)  Now they can refactor the code with confidence.  They refactor the code they've just written in order to eliminate duplication, and to adhere to the SOLID design principles.  The act of refactoring imparts good qualities associated with modularity:  tight cohesion and loose coupling, which make the code module easy to use and easy to reuse.  And the tests serve as continual proof to the developers that their changes are not harmful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Waterfall is inverted&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TDD turns the Waterfall model upside down:  you test the requirements first, then you test your code, then you write your code, and then you finally impart good design to the code.  Because the team is producing tiny slivers of functionality that are always fully tested, quality starts high and stays high.  Because the design principles are followed during refactoring, the code is modular, flexible, and reusable.  And because the stakeholders are continuously involved in reviewing and using each little sliver of functionality, they can make changes at any time without incurring huge costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Iterating works because it's continually answering two questions:  &quot;are we building the product right?&quot; and &quot;are we building the right product?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The problems with iterative&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is where iterative approaches have limits:  meeting deadlines with a specific list of features.  A product owner needs to see that the team is heading to a goal, and they can even get a measure of the pace of progress, but the actual features available on date X can't be perfectly predicted very far in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also becomes a problem when an iterative team has to interface with external teams.  If both teams are agile, they'll understand each others' issues; but if one team is a hardware team or service organization, their flexibility is often out of their control.  This can lead to friction and such interactions must be carefully managed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to choose between Waterfall and Iterative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are long debates on whether Waterfall is the best choice to develop a product, or iterative.  The arguments in favor of Waterfall are that it has been successfully used for a very long time.  Some people are really good at Waterfall.  Managers and executives have to work with budgets and deadlines, and the Waterfall steps are easy to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not intuitive that iterative approaches produce higher quality products; it's also uncomfortable to be told &quot;we'll have some kind of product for you on January first, we can assure you that it'll work perfectly, but it may not be the product you're thinking of today.&quot;  These debates go on and on, but don't help answer the question of which methodology to choose.  It turns out the debates are focusing on the wrong things.  There is an easy test to determine whether a product should be built with waterfall or iterative, and that is to measure the cost of deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The cost of deployment&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider a web site.  You can deploy a new version of the web site by clicking a mouse - that's as cheap as it gets.  Consider a smartphone app that can be deployed by sending a new version to the app store - also fairly cheap.  Even a traditional computer program can have updates delivered to clients via the web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider a tough-to-deploy client, such as the software that runs an alarm clock.  You can iterate all you want in the comfort of your office, but once you send those clock orders to an offshore factory, and 10,000 clocks are sitting in a shipping container on the dock or have been delivered to the store shelves, it's far too late to be updating their software.  The production and installation of hardware makes iteration of those steps too expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then there are the impossible to iterate products.  Anything that impacts health or safety has certain standards of design and testing that are mandated by government or industry agencies; and the current standards do not allow for iterative approaches to design.  You can't deliver 5% of an air traffic control system and expect planes to keep safely flying. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mixing Waterfall with Iterative&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to the alarm clock example, it's tempting to use iterative development on the software or firmware portions of the product in order to guarantee high quality, and to use Waterfall to effectively manage the production of the hardware.  Such a mix has to be done carefully.  Iterative approaches cannot guarantee deadlines will be met, but factories, component orders, installers, and freight shipping is usually scheduled months in advance and can't be delayed without significant costs.  In these cases you may have to look at custom approaches.  Perhaps the hardware can be designed to be flexible - a dummy blank button on version 1.0 of the product could hide the missing SuperWakeyAlarm feature that gets delivered with version 2.0.  Perhaps the boxes get printed without the missing feature, but when it's delivered to the factory, the boxes get a &quot;New! Improved!&quot; sticker that touts the new feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, iterative approaches deliver higher quality software faster and cheaper than Waterfall; but not every project is suitable for iterative product management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14949" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T06:17:03.647" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15251" CreationDate="2015-10-22T07:46:50.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, if I understand correctly STB tester captures video only through HDMI- is your app and device capable of that ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes than you could probably ignore the remote control part of the tester or send dummy commands, then just use the analyzed video results in parallel to appium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T07:46:50.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15276" CreationDate="2015-10-22T10:43:13.357" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the solution is to setup Continues Integration server like Jenkins, Hudson, TeamCity or something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may need also a Selenium Hub/Grid to scale better both for the number of tests and browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T13:42:35.803" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T13:42:35.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15262" CreationDate="2015-10-22T16:42:55.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All virtual users defined in &quot;Threads&quot; will be started during the &quot;Ramp-up&quot; time. Divide threads number by ramp-up time to know how many users will be arriving each second. If you don't like what you're seeing you can consider using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/SteppingThreadGroup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Stepping Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/UltimateThreadGroup/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ultimate Thread Group&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually you can just provide enough users and focus on controlling how often they will be sending requests via &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ThroughputShapingTimer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Throughput Shaping Timer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T16:42:55.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15284" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15285" CreationDate="2015-10-22T21:24:23.530" Score="0" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like many web software shops we all have macs.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What tools are built in or easily and cheaply available for macs in performing QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T21:31:14.467" Title="What tools are available on my mac for performing QA for web applications?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-10-23T12:53:20.007" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15284" CreationDate="2015-10-22T21:24:23.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For screenshots do &lt;kbd&gt;shift&lt;/kbd&gt;-&lt;kbd&gt;apple&lt;/kbd&gt;-&lt;kbd&gt;4&lt;/kbd&gt;.  This save it in a &lt;code&gt;.png&lt;/code&gt; format that is good for inserting into tools like Jira&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To add text on top of screenshot snip is a free mac store download&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Snip is a screen-capture application that can capture the active window or custom areas. Drag to zoom in/out the screen shot; add labels, texts and handwriting contents of your choice and save it to your device or the clipboard.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For either workflow or animation testing use Quicktime Screen Recording to capture a movie (&lt;code&gt;.mov&lt;/code&gt;) file.   Easy access with &lt;kbd&gt;[apple]&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;space&lt;/kbd&gt; then type &lt;code&gt;qa&lt;/code&gt; and pick it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For notes you can use Text Edit to create basic text documents&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-22T21:31:14.467" LastActivityDate="2015-10-22T21:31:14.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15200" CreationDate="2015-10-23T01:31:34.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this tool &quot;cucumbumbler&quot; (it uses a tag driven mechanism to identify manually executed test cases from automatable ones) should be perfect fit for your scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also includes a pretty cool reporting feature/test suite (A book).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer to below wiki link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/TimWalker/cucumbumbler/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/TimWalker/cucumbumbler/wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Git repo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/TimWalker/cucumbumbler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/TimWalker/cucumbumbler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T01:31:34.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15124" CreationDate="2015-10-23T05:03:36.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I faced the similar issue, so used the following approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;actionObject = new Actions(firefoxDrvrInstance); &#xA;actionObject.MoveToElement(find element here).Perform(); &#xA;firefoxDrvrInstance.FindElement(blah blah).Click(); &#xA;firefoxDrvrInstance.SwitchTo().Frame(firefoxDrvrInstance.FindElement(blah blah));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;let me know if anything is not clear here...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code is in C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14752" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T05:03:36.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15291" CreationDate="2015-10-23T06:13:53.820" Score="3" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently wrote an automated firmware test for a handheld oscilloscope, where I obtain screenshots using its own screenshot feature, then process the images using OCR software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am requested to port this test to handheld Digital Multimeter. Something that looks like &lt;a href=&quot;https://avalanche.tessco.com/productimages/250x250/981689.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem is HHDMM doesn't have a built-in screenshot feature. So I plan to attach a camera on top of the screen to obtain screenshot images. The images must then be automatically retrieved by PC for further processing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no previous experience or knowledge regarding camera selection for this type of purpose. Can anyone educate me about that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14967" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T07:44:55.950" Title="Suggest cameras for screen capture in Automated Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15289" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-23T07:28:58.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hardware could refer to different kinds of electronic devices, tools and equipment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_hardware&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;computer hardware&lt;/a&gt;, the collection of physical elements that comprise a computer system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Networking_hardware&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;networking hardware&lt;/a&gt;, devices facilitating the use of a computer network&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_hardware&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;electronic hardware&lt;/a&gt;, interconnected electronic components&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_component&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;electronic components&lt;/a&gt;, a basic electronic element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_electronics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;digital electronics&lt;/a&gt;, the hardware used by digital computer systems that can be controlled by software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T09:33:05.267" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T09:33:05.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15290" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-23T07:28:58.893" Score="0" Body="Questions related to testing of physical components of a computer or any other digital or electronic device. It is recommended to specify the model of your hardware in this question." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T21:24:14.677" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T21:24:14.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15288" CreationDate="2015-10-23T07:44:55.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some from experience, I am not a camera expert in any way-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cameras have a few features you care about plus some eco system concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interface- &quot;webcam&quot; USB cameras, standalone cameras with card or USB interface to pull images from but doesn't allow control over shooting (capture, start, stop, zoom) and then there all kinds of hybrids or more professional cameras.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Image- resolution (even 640x480 could be enough to identify screen reading from an HHDMM), frame rate of video (you'll need high FPS for video, low numbers will probably do fine for  your case), compression or lack of (I suppose you have no need for RAW images, but smaller png's could be a plus), color depth&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Physical properties- lens quality and characteristics (aka zoom or auto focus), physical size and attachments (can you add a tripod ?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software- on and off the camera, API or software suite on a connected PC, image processing online or offline, software drivers and support&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Price...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In your case&lt;/strong&gt; I really think that a cheap webcam is more than enough, then use some code to capture images.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T07:44:55.950" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15292" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-23T08:45:59.963" Score="4" ViewCount="290" Body="&lt;p&gt;There many tools for testing REST APIs by mimicking a client, but I need the other side- test my client.&#xA;I wrote a simple server using Flask, but I was hoping for something that includes builtin logging, scripting and configuration out of the box with no need for coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-09-03T17:56:45.403" Title="Testing a REST API client" Tags="&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15292" CreationDate="2015-10-23T08:57:51.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://frisbyjs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Frisbyjs&lt;/a&gt;. It is built on top of node.js and Jasmin suitable for end2ent testing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I would say easy to config and use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T08:57:51.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12403" CreationDate="2015-10-23T09:27:25.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this! Use paytm URL instead of linkedin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testlinkedin() throws Exception {&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/&quot;);  //Use your web URL&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Sign Up&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;button.fb-btn&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;&#xA;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt;handles = driver.getWindowHandles();//To handle multiple windows&#xA;firstWinHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;handles.remove(firstWinHandle);&#xA;String winHandle=handles.iterator().next();&#xA;if (winHandle!=firstWinHandle){&#xA; secondWinHandle=winHandle;&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(secondWinHandle);   //Switch to popup window&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Username&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;pass&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;pass&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Password&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;u_0_2&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;__CONFIRM__&quot;)).click();}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure to declare these string variables as,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String firstWinHandle;  &#xA;public String secondWinHandle; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14768" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T09:27:25.433" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7885" CreationDate="2015-10-23T09:37:35.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an alternative you can try this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt;handles = driver.getWindowHandles();//To handle multiple windows&#xA;firstWinHandle = driver.getWindowHandle(); //To get your main window&#xA;handles.remove(firstWinHandle);&#xA;String winHandle=handles.iterator().next();  //To find popup window&#xA;if (winHandle!=firstWinHandle){&#xA;secondWinHandle=winHandle;&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(secondWinHandle); //To switch to popup window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure to add some delay after switching to next popup,&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000); &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14768" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T09:37:35.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15296" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-23T09:48:18.197" Score="2" ViewCount="7173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to set performance requirements for web application. I am interested in performance from user experience view so I plan to measure time from request is sent until onLoad event is fired in the browser. I am aware that each application is different and performance requirements might differ as well. Still it will be good to have some guideline values that can help assess performance and set up targets. Does any of you have some stats/report that present average/max page load times for recent web application or some studies that can help in setting up performance targets?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14970" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T10:56:00.573" Title="Performance requirements for web application" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15297" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-23T10:18:58.593" Score="1" ViewCount="7050" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to attach java doc file that contains selenium commands &amp;amp; functions so that on hovering to them in my code, i can easily learn about &amp;amp; can use them in better way.&#xA;I tried with multiple solutions still found such error,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open Declaration &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   WebElement org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver.findElement(By arg0)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: This element neither has attached source nor attached Javadoc and hence no Javadoc could be found&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14768" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-03T09:21:15.190" LastActivityDate="2017-03-18T19:28:10.390" Title="Is there any way to attach selenium based java doc file in eclipse?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15297" CreationDate="2015-10-23T11:10:35.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Download latest java source from below link&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/2.48/selenium-java-2.48.2.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/2.48/selenium-java-2.48.2.zip&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right Click on Project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build Path =&gt; Configure Build Path =&gt; Libraries tab&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jadk1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jadk1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit Source Attachment &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/THNgU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/THNgU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give path of above downloaded file path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click OK&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5572" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T11:10:35.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2015-10-23T11:18:41.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the most frequently asked question by many interviewers. In addition to above answers you can better explain by providing a relevant example that differentiates both terms.&#xA;For an eg., Say if i'm testing any shopping channel or An order &amp;amp; inventory system based application &amp;amp; after testing most of the relevant modules of orders,customers &amp;amp; products,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I found quantity(stock) shown after product being added is incorrect.Now in such case Once developer resolve the issue i need to retest it whether it saves the product with correct stock or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since products module is connected with orders, i need to check that the same added product has been reflected to the inventory list with same stock or not while making an order. This can be termed as regression testing as it affects to other modules also due to the change in inventory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14768" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T11:18:41.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-23T11:26:56.170" Score="2" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have had some issues where an update or delete operation on the database would update/delete more records then expected. This has passed multiple layers of testing and reviews. Now I am looking for some tool that can help me to test only the correct records where updated or maybe another strategy to prevent situations likes this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.red-gate.com/products/sql-development/sql-compare/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQL compare of Red gate&lt;/a&gt;, this works pretty good, but data setup and compare is a bit time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe there is a easier and or better way to prevent data loss when using update/delete queries in code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which tool, possible run-able from the command-line&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated, if so please explain how&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other testing techniques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Process steps during development cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you tackle this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-23T11:58:11.760" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:26:18.137" Title="Compare SQL database after delete/update statements" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10488" CreationDate="2015-10-23T12:31:52.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Traditionally Linux GUIs are just a thin layer over a command line application, consider testing the command line application separately than test the GUI using a mock application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T12:31:52.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15300" CreationDate="2015-10-23T13:16:09.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way I could do it would be through SOAPUI. I perform the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create an empty project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a test suite for all the planned test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each test case, add a JDBC test step that guarantees the consistency of the database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add assertions to check, count, validate that just the registries that were intended to be deleted were removed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though I must say I'm not really sure this is the easiest way to tackle the problem, I talk from my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14878" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:26:18.137" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:26:18.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15296" CreationDate="2015-10-23T14:04:48.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be precise and very specific there are no certain guidelines and benchmark defined for the web application related to their Performance. This is a thing which comes to mind of every QA, but unfortunately there are no worldwide or Organization wise accepted standards for the Response Time. It depends upon a number of factor including (but not limited to) Quality of Code, Server Configuration, Complexity of Application and code, Expected/Actual User Load, Time when user hit the server, Bandwidth etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as per the book &quot;&lt;strong&gt;The Art of Application Performance Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; by &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Ian Molyneaux&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, there is something mentioned about what you are looking for (&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; This is should not be taken as Line drawn over stone)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following list summarizes research conducted in the late 1980s (Martin 1988) that attempted to map user productivity to response time. The original research was based largely on green-screen text applications, but its conclusions are probably still relevant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Greater than 15 seconds&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This rules out conversational interaction. For certain types of applications, certain types of users may be content to sit at a terminal for more than 15 seconds waiting for the answer to a single simple inquiry. However, to the busy call-center operator or futures trader, delays of more than 15 seconds may seem intolerable. If such delays can occur, the system should be designed so that the user can turn to other activities and request the response at some later time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Greater than 4 seconds&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;These delays are generally too long for a conversation requiring the end-user to retain information in short-term memory (end-user’s memory, not the computer’s!). Such delays would inhibit problem-solving activity and frustrate data entry. However, after the completion of a transaction, delays of 4 to 15 seconds can be tolerated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 to 4 seconds&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;A delay longer than 2 seconds can be inhibiting to operations that demand a high level of concentration. A wait of 2 to 4 seconds at a terminal can seem surprisingly long when the user is absorbed and emotionally committed to completing the task at hand. Again, a delay in this range may be acceptable after a minor closure. It may be acceptable to make a purchaser wait 2 to 4 seconds after typing in her address and credit card number, but not&#xA;at an earlier stage when she is comparing various product features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Less than 2 seconds&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;When the application user has to remember information throughout several responses, the response time must be short. The more detailed the information to be remembered, the greater the need for responses of less than 2 seconds. Thus, for complex activities such as browsing camera products that vary along multiple dimensions, 2 seconds represents an important response-time limit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also, before mentioning the above content writer himself has marked.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;By the way, if you were hoping I could point you to a generic industry&#xA;  standard for good and bad performance, you’re out of luck because no&#xA;  such guide exists. There have been various informal attempts to define&#xA;  a standard, particularly for browser-based applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, just go through these lines and then discuss the same with the client/higher management and then decide your benchmark based on your &lt;strong&gt;study, User Load, Application framework, Future scope of application etc.&lt;/strong&gt; For instance you can take reference of a similar application which is currently live in market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, these are the goals/benchmark which you have to define, but they are always negotiable depending upon conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-10-23T14:04:48.867" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15304" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-23T15:47:32.227" Score="2" ViewCount="11402" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;strong&gt;Selenium Webdriver with C#&lt;/strong&gt; for creating Automation test cases and have encountered an issue i.e. not able to automate the file download windows pop-up. On doing search over web, I found that this is a normal issue and there is a way to handle this with Selenium (not only 1 way but couple of ways), I have tried the following solutions but nothing is working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Setting preferences of Firefox to automatically save files. I tried this but the Firefox instance which is launched by me (manually) is different from the instance launched by Selenium, so any setting done by me is not getting reflected to the Automated script. In addition to it, I don't want to go with this solution &lt;em&gt;(although I tried)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using solution combined from this &lt;a href=&quot;https://decoupledlogic.wordpress.com/2013/12/11/selenium-webdriver-file-download-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16746707/how-to-download-any-file-and-save-it-to-the-desired-location-using-selenium-webd&quot;&gt;SO Question1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1176348/access-to-file-download-dialog-in-firefox&quot;&gt;SO Question2&lt;/a&gt;, in addition to it I explored from questions over SO and SQA related to this and; I have implemented something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile prof = new FirefoxProfile();    &#xA;FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(prof);    &#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&amp;quot;http://test.com/&amp;quot;);    &#xA;driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();    &#xA;String title = driver.Title;&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&amp;quot;name-1&amp;quot;)).Click();    &#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&amp;quot;address-1&amp;quot;)).Click();    &#xA;prof.SetPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.dir&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;C:\\Dhiman\\&amp;quot;);&#xA;prof.SetPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.folderList&amp;quot;, 2);    &#xA;//prof.SetPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&amp;quot;, false);    &#xA;prof.SetPreference(&amp;quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;application/zip&amp;quot;); &#xA;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[1]/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/form/fieldset/div[8]/a&amp;quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this too is not working, as using this code &amp;quot;A new instance of Firefox is launched every time it is executed and that instance doesn't  contain any download preference for 'Compressed Zipped Folder', even if I save it in the current instance, it is not shown when this script is executed again.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution I think can work for me, but here the Firefox is causing issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lastly, I found that I can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIT&lt;/a&gt; for this, but that is a separate tool and I will need an approval from the Client and their IT department for downloading, installing and running that tool (a long long process with lots of approvals) as I am working on client provided machine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How this issue of downloading files can be resolved without using AutoIT? IS there a way to resolve this Firefox issue permanently?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any more information is required, just out the same query/info. needed in comments section of this question and will add that information too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please read the full question, as the problem is not only related to downloading, and I have already gone through SO links, some of them are referenced in questions itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T18:01:32.923" Title="Downloading a file using Selenium Webdriver C# not working" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-23T23:40:43.113" Score="3" ViewCount="1655" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just started learning Selenium.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'd like to know how much knowledge of SQL I should have in order to be able to learn Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14984" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T11:11:34.040" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T14:14:52.850" Title="How much SQL knowledge do I need to learn Selenium Testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;sql&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15306" CreationDate="2015-10-24T07:00:32.400" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;For writing Selenium tests itself, &lt;strong&gt;none&lt;/strong&gt;. Selenium does not use SQL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if the application under test uses SQL, maybe you need a bit of knowledge to setup test data for your tests. For basic SQL knowledge have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codecademy.com/courses/learn-sql&quot;&gt;the free SQL course at Codecademy&lt;/a&gt;. This should probably be enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T07:00:32.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15296" CreationDate="2015-10-24T07:42:13.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A number of tools which can help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wireshark.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wireshark&lt;/a&gt; - network sniffer, allows to inspect network packets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://yslow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YSlow&lt;/a&gt; - page load analyser which has some useful built-in presets you can use as a baseline. Also it can provide some recommendations on how page load speed could be improved. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A load testing tool to check how does you application behave under the load. The best of free and open-source are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; article which highlights the main features of the aforementioned tools, has sample test with load reports and comparison matrix. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-24T07:42:13.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15309" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-24T22:03:34.837" Score="3" ViewCount="6649" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working on a script for hours and I can't seem to figure out a way to make headless and automated automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(&#xA;            BrowserVersion.INTERNET_EXPLORER_11, true);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;site&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By&#xA;            .className(&quot;vote-apple&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement apple = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;vote-apple&quot;));&#xA;    apple.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this works if I switch my driver to FirefoxDriver, it seems to break when &#xA;I run this code with a HTMLUnit Driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.ScriptException: TypeError: Cannot call method&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have any clues as to why this is happening, it would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14992" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T11:55:34.143" Title="Selenium HtmlUnit: How do I disable JS errors?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15310" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15342" CreationDate="2015-10-25T06:10:30.493" Score="2" ViewCount="14718" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing an automation test script using Robot Framework &amp;amp; Selenium2Library for testing our web application. One of my test cases involves checking the CSS style attribute of an HTML tag. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any option in Robot Framework to obtain the CSS style attributes of an HTML element? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my HTML: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;check_style&quot; style=&quot;width:20px;height:20px;background-color:#ffcc00;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I have to store the background color of this particular html tag into a variable &lt;code&gt;${bg_color}&lt;/code&gt;.  Is there any specific keyword in Robot Framework to do this process?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please suggest an effective way to handle this situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14732" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T19:25:04.463" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T07:56:37.730" Title="How to find the CSS style attribute of a particular HTML element using Robot Framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15312" CreationDate="2015-10-25T10:27:03.550" Score="8" ViewCount="32702" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using .NET's C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thrilled to learn how to start a web driver session with your local cookie data &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/27679811/1219280&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The browser now starts with my bookmarks and cookies loaded (I tested accessing sites that require authorization, to which I have already logged in in the past and saved the credentials).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, for some reason, my web driver instance will not respond to a simple &lt;code&gt;GoToUrl()&lt;/code&gt;. In fact, the command prompt is always reporting about the session timing out after 60 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is interesting, &lt;strong&gt;nevertheless&lt;/strong&gt;, is that the following &lt;strong&gt;code will work if I simply suppress the line that adds the cookie path argument&lt;/strong&gt;. (I have done lots of stuff with ChromeDrive already).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;    options.AddArgument(string.Format(&amp;quot;user-data-dir={0}&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;C:/Users/Me/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data&amp;quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    IWebDriver wd = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;&#xA;    wd.Navigate().GoToUrl(&amp;quot;http://www.google.com&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried other ChromeDriver overloads, such as the one that uses a ChromeDriverService, to no avail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My chromedriver.exe obviously exists in D:/ (otherwise I would get a different error message).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's wrong ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14996" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T13:57:59.210" Title="Adding user-data-dir option to ChromeDriver makes it not work and timeout only" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15311" CreationDate="2015-10-25T10:56:30.067" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;After further research, come across the following links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/886&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/886&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=962&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=962&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/capabilities&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/capabilities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I did not see any definitive conclusion, someone hinted that the problem occurs when there is another chrome instance already open.&#xA;I then made sure this does not happen - and now my webdriver instance opens with the desired profile and &lt;strong&gt;works&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I understand, seems this is a expected behavior - you cannot have two instances running the very same profile. You may ask, then, how come I can run multiple web driver instances with no problem ? Well, this happens because instantiating a webdriver object - without specifying a specific profile - creates a temporary one. So all instances one opens run on different profiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14996" LastEditorUserId="14996" LastEditDate="2015-10-25T11:04:25.143" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T11:04:25.143" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15306" CreationDate="2015-10-25T13:34:47.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Data Driven testing / Validation I used SQL Queries. It depends on your test scenario, Few Examples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You perform a UI operation. Results are listed. You can perform the&#xA;same query from DB and check records count match &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you add a new user / delete a user from front end. You can perform DB query and validate records updated / deleted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For multipage search results sql record count is easier to verify count of records in GUI / DB Query&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decent knowledge of SQL select query and joins is good enough for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T13:34:47.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15306" CreationDate="2015-10-25T14:04:35.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key part of your question is &quot;to &lt;em&gt;learn&lt;/em&gt; selenium&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To learn selenium you don't need SQL knowledge inh order to be able to write good selenium test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However a broader answer includes the following scale:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Junior Developer on a small system, tightly defined role using Selenium IDE with other frameworks available for querying data (e.g. RubyOnRails ActiveRecord).  Here you would have a limited use for SQL and it would not be a requirement for learning this 'flavor' or usage of Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mid-level developer on more complex systems that have several components and other systems that are interacted with, e.g. a service orientated architecture will find it hard to know what's really going under 'under the hood' without being able to do SQL queries to look at the records they are creating and updating through the web interface.  They may my using the seleniumIDE with patterns such as Page Object or they may be using web driver in conjunction with programming languages such as C, Ruby, Python, Java, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Senior Developers on complex system will find SQL knowledge and access essential to doing their job and being able to perform backend queries on complex data sets and conditions that are not exposed through the application interface.  They use selenium with web driver and run cases both locally and remotely on test server providers.  They understand workflows and how the back end data model is implemented in a Relational Database Management System and how it records transactions and state changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-10-25T14:12:42.717" LastActivityDate="2015-10-25T14:12:42.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5756" CreationDate="2015-10-25T21:07:24.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my view as a Test Engineer - I have to be more detailed oriented with requirements and clear in understanding of product vision, goal &amp;amp; business values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Psychological - &lt;em&gt;keeping mind fresh&lt;/em&gt; is more important task for tester, I suggest you follow this idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Think a product in 3D view, you view more dimensions. (3D can be any new dimensions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Short Term Product Goal, Medium Product Term Goal, Product Long Term&#xA;Goal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Product, Product Clients, Product Services)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Old UI/UX, Current UI/UX, New possible UI/UX)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do some research in online about similar product or clone product &amp;amp; use them (you may get new idea).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Divide the all product in smaller parts while testing, so you cover all parts in automation or manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T02:36:29.160" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:36:29.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15316" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-26T06:08:35.653" Score="5" ViewCount="7110" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing an automation test script using Robot Framework &amp;amp; Selenium2Library for testing our web application (I am writing test cases in  &lt;code&gt;.txt&lt;/code&gt; format)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am having a problem on handling two different input fields using Robot Framework. I have to change the values of these two input types using RF.&#xA;So far I couldn't find any specific keywords to perform this functionalities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the different input fields I have to test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Range Input Field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kJbvN.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kJbvN.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;html code :  &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;range&quot; id=&quot;fontSize&quot; min=&quot;8&quot; max=&quot;20&quot; step=&quot;1&quot; value=&quot;12&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the testing scenario : I have to move the slider to a different location &amp;amp; I have to check the value of input range field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Color Picker&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QcJ93.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QcJ93.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the testing scenario: I have to move the pointer through out the color picker window &amp;amp; Select a particular color from the color picker ( I have to store the selected color into a variable for future reference) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't get any particular solution for handling this issue.  Is there any keywords in robot framework to test 'Range Input Field' &amp;amp; 'Color Picker'? Can you please suggest asolution for this issue &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14732" LastEditorUserId="14732" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T07:25:30.983" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T07:56:48.053" Title="Handling different input fields using Robot Framework" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15324" CreationDate="2015-10-26T07:40:39.367" Score="2" ViewCount="4986" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know whats the difference between hard-coding user (1 user) credentials to a HTTP Request while threads is 20 and using a CSV Data Config that reads 20 user credentials while the thread count is 20.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my understanding there are 20 threads generated regardless on the method, what I want to know now is the logic that is taking place. Are this methods similar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T17:36:48.200" Title="JMeter threads vs users" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15317" CreationDate="2015-10-26T08:08:34.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@ Puven Mannen Test users are simulated using threads in JMeter. ( You can check here more - &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-expert.blogspot.com/2010/03/how-apache-jmeter-simulates-multiple.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter-expert.blogspot.com/2010/03/how-apache-jmeter-simulates-multiple.html&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T08:08:34.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14378" CreationDate="2015-10-26T08:17:06.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions are depend on previous experience - 60% Q technical &amp;amp; 20% Q test process, 20% Q test reporting to manager level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T08:17:06.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2015-10-26T08:46:47.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use simple technique using Truth Table &#xA;Example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;T indicates True &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;F inducates False &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now see the below chart: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;T * T = T&lt;/code&gt; (means correct user name and correct password result must be login )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 2&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;T * F = F&lt;/code&gt;(means correct user name and invalid password result must be failed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 3&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;F * T = F&lt;/code&gt;(means invalid user name and correct password result must be failed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 4&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;F * F = F&lt;/code&gt;(means invalid user name and invalid password result must be failed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here you can say Case 1 is Positive test case while remaining are negative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14823" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T18:01:10.813" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T18:01:10.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14992" CreationDate="2015-10-26T11:31:14.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think of Software Test Automation Frameworks as being a collection of tools that allow you to write automated test cases.  Selenium itself is a framework as it defines syntax and apis of how to interact with it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Another example is ruby on rails and rspec-capybara.  Ruby also has mini-test.  Pyhton has zope.testing, py.test and nose, java has testNG and Junit among many others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which to pick will depend on your existing infrastructure, technical proficiency, developers withskills available&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T11:31:14.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15322" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-26T12:50:58.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tag for general questions about automation related to testing performed by interacting with the software via the graphical user interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T14:00:15.587" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T14:00:15.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15323" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-26T12:50:58.137" Score="0" Body="Tag for general questions about automation related to testing performed by interacting with the software via the graphical user interface." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-03T15:14:34.523" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T15:14:34.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15317" CreationDate="2015-10-26T14:06:31.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shorter answer&lt;/strong&gt; in single line is &quot;Yes, both types uses same method but CSV if preferred because this provides real world data &amp;amp; analysis.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long answer&lt;/strong&gt;, for JMeter or any other performance test tools (as far as I know about others), it doesn't matter if you are using any CSV/Excel or any other data input method or not for creating load, as long as the number of threads are same (exception is related to application, which I tell later in answer). Performance test tools are concerned about the Load not about the input methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But, yes using parameterization in Performance testing is a recommended, preferred and good practice&lt;/strong&gt;, because of many reasons like:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Want to test how the application react with different type of users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Want to test how the application react with different type of data sets being returned from a search query.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Want to achieve a more closer real world scenario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See, what a load test tool do? It only simulates 100s or 1000s of users  and provide their results; which can't be generated manually. It means tool has to perform the work and task of 100s of users and every user is different in real world (with their test data, their permission set etc.). That's why we use CSV files to feed performance tests, so that it can provide results as per the different users load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We do performance testing, to achieve benchmarks and to satisfy all&#xA;  users need, what if we satisfy only 1 user need and generalize it to&#xA;  rest of the &lt;strong&gt;N-1&lt;/strong&gt; users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another, reason is for making the performance tests &lt;strong&gt;Robust&lt;/strong&gt;, for example &lt;em&gt;(based on applications I have load tested)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If application is having a business logic that 1 user can login only 1 time and if same user login again, then he/she will be logged out from 1st session. In such a case you have to pass all required 20 or more users via CSV files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another is, lets say your application have some Business logic which accepts current date or some ID which is unique in application, now for the former part if you need to run your tests over a week or month, then either you need to change the script or just change the CSV file value and in the later case as the ID should be unique, so for creating 20 records you can't use the same hard coded value, hence you need to parameterize values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application has different role users and permission set of different role of users is different and so the logic behind getting permission set. Now, if you use same user all the time, then either because of caching or because of getting same permission set again and again, you will not get the generalize result, it will be specific only for that hard coded role user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In addition to it&lt;/strong&gt;, you will see the benefit of using CSV files, when you need to do volume testing (part of performance), here you will need to first create data with different data sets and then do performance testing, here using CSV files you can easily create multiple sets of data and increase size of your database. Load testing a Facebook shared image with 1000 comments with 100 users and load testing a Facebook image with no comment with 100 users both are different scenarios and with CSV file you can easily create 1000 comments with different or same number of users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because, firing a select query over 10 record table and 10,000 record table will show performance change and for setting benchmark you will need to insert these 10,000 records first in your application and then display them through application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-26T14:16:11.357" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T14:16:11.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14885" CreationDate="2015-10-26T15:32:47.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It are two ways of populating an HTML INPUT type FILE form field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SendKeys&lt;/strong&gt; works on all operating systems and for all browsers where you can set the internal value of the INPUT field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Auto-IT&lt;/strong&gt; works only on Windows and should only be used for browsers where you cannot manipulate the internal INPUT field value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure why people would prefer the Auto-IT version, I would always try and get the SendKeys version working. I would get developers to change the file upload to use INPUT, so that the SendKeys version works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-10-26T15:32:47.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15327" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-26T20:57:46.440" Score="4" ViewCount="5727" Body="&lt;p&gt;While creating test scripts in Selenium WebDriver using C#, I have used Explicit wait (after going through this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-webdriver-waits-selenium-tutorial-15/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;) and have also gone through &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25374382/how-to-wait-for-element-to-load-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14916/elementnotvisibleexception-in-selenium/14919#14919&quot;&gt;SQA&lt;/a&gt; links for the same. So, I implemented it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Class1.cs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace SeleniumProject {&#xA;    public class WaitClass&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static void WaitForElementLoad(FirefoxDriver driver, By by, int timeoutInSeconds)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //string name = &quot;TEST&quot;;&#xA;            if (timeoutInSeconds &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;            {&#xA;                WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds));&#xA;                wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(by));&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    } }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then used it in &lt;strong&gt;Class2.cs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace SeleniumProject&#xA;{&#xA;    [TestClass]&#xA;    public class StartTesting&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static FirefoxDriver driver;&#xA;        [TestMethod]&#xA;        public static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.test.com/&quot;);&#xA;            driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&#xA;            String title = driver.Title;&#xA;            int timeinterval = 10;&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Test Link&quot;)).Click();&#xA;            WaitClass.WaitForElementLoad(driver, By.LinkText(&quot;Child Test link 2&quot;), timeinterval);&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Child Test link 2&quot;)).Click();&#xA;            //System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;            WaitClass.WaitForElementLoad(driver, By.Name(&quot;firstname&quot;), timeinterval);&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;firstname&quot;)).SendKeys(Firstname);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but, using it this way I get an error message for the Class1, frequency of this error is like 2 out of 10 iterations, because of this I have a feeling that either this is not a &lt;strong&gt;good + reliable&lt;/strong&gt; method for explicit wait or I am doing something wrong here. I was earlier using &lt;strong&gt;Timeinterval&lt;/strong&gt; as &lt;strong&gt;5 secs.&lt;/strong&gt; but after this error I changed it to &lt;strong&gt;10 seconds&lt;/strong&gt; and still getting same error randomly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error which I get is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8cwXA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8cwXA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T10:05:35.253" Title="Explicit wait is not reliable with Selenium C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15328" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-27T01:16:51.140" Score="3" ViewCount="31138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using selenium IDE- &#xA;I am looking for a way to locate and or verify a value in a table. There are more columns in the table, but I am only concerned with the first 4. Also the number of rows varies as well as the location of the value I am looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, say, I am looking for username there. the username = “fred”, who could exist in any row 1 to 10.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; How could I locate and verify that user exist?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VYtr5.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VYtr5.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15007" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T06:00:07.130" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T08:08:11.493" Title="How can I verify text exist within a table using Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15329" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-27T06:09:25.463" Score="4" ViewCount="2422" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a suite which consists of 2 test cases. When I run this suite, the results should be 1 passed and 1 failed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I am trying to run the failed test cases through &lt;code&gt;TestNG-failed.xml&lt;/code&gt; file, it is executing the both testcases instead of failed test case. I referred the &lt;code&gt;TestNG-failed.xml&lt;/code&gt; which is having the both passed and failed test cases mentioned under the test tag. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to execute only failed test cases. Please help me to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T20:50:33.860" LastActivityDate="2019-08-27T23:00:55.140" Title="Running failed test cases in TestNG" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="853" CreationDate="2015-10-27T06:21:07.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try clicking the element through Action class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Your ID Here&quot;));&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;builder.moveToElement(webElement).click(webElement);&#xA;builder.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If clicking with action class does not work, you can also try clicking element by Javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Your ID here&quot;));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, webElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T06:21:07.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15328" CreationDate="2015-10-27T06:59:19.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is two different task in selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create loop in selenium. Dig this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11033321/how-to-loop-tests-in-selenium-ide/11061700#11061700&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Apply table data finding logic. &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/18110123/3251682&quot;&gt;Link&lt;/a&gt; can help you&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6865" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T06:59:19.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15332" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-27T07:28:10.767" Score="2" ViewCount="1697" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the most frequently asked questions of QA by team leads or other business representatives is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We're getting close to the planned release date. What do you think -&#xA;  is the software ready? Can we move forward with the release?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as we know, no software can be made 100% bug free. What should be the answer given by QA in this case? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14768" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:14:27.320" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:14:27.320" Title="What should be the answer given by QA when asked if software is ready for release" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15333" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15334" CreationDate="2015-10-27T08:43:22.027" Score="2" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Last weekend (at least in CET-timezone) there was the timeshift from daylight saving time (DST) to normal time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought I had captured all negative effects of &quot;my&quot; application after last years timeshift but as I had to notice I had not. This brought me up to the question: How to test timeshifts, especially the critical &quot;negative&quot; one from DST to normal?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there are workarounds this problems by setting the severs to a non-timeshift-zone (like UCT) but assuming your server is set to CET (or any other timezone with timeshifts) how could this be tested? What has to be thought about? Is it enough to manually set the clock of the server?&#xA;What about client software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm almost sure there are more points you should be aware of but these are the ones that came into my mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T16:11:50.387" Title="How to test timeshifts?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15333" CreationDate="2015-10-27T08:50:43.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your system, but usually manually moving the clock, or moving your NTP server's clock, is as close as it gets to reality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If applicable consider also testing interfaces to other systems where the clock might move a little after or before yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T08:50:43.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14992" CreationDate="2015-10-27T09:44:59.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; defines Test Automation as a framework that provides the basis of test automation and simplifies the automation effort. The main advantage of a framework of assumptions, concepts and tools that provide support for automated software testing is the low cost for maintenance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The programming language used to write the software is also a big factor to consider in choosing the right Test Automation Framework. For example, if you are to test a C# written application, NUnit might be the best. Java also has JUnit, PyUnit for Python, RSPEC for Ruby and many other automation frameworks. Also, there are other automation tools that works well in most languages, Selenium and Geb are good examples. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might find this &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unit_testing_frameworks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; useful too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8685" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T09:44:59.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15336" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-27T09:54:24.003" Score="1" ViewCount="1131" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have around 200 test cases for my system stored and managed using Testlink. However, I noticed that when I deleted one test case, the latest number of test cases still remains 200.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to automatically adjust the test case count id every time the user deletes a test case or simply re-orders the test case sequence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8685" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T00:54:44.967" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T00:54:44.967" Title="How to reorder the test case number on Testlink?" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15332" CreationDate="2015-10-27T10:48:47.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That question is the entire reason that the QA team exists. As QA engineers it is our job to test the application and get an idea of its quality and whether or not it is fit for purpose. As such, there are three answers possible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, I think the application is ready for release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, I think we shouldn't release because the quality is insufficient&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can't give you a good answer because insufficient testing has been performed to be able to give an accurate assessment, so I would advise against releasing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should always make it clear to your client and/or team lead what exactly you will be testing, which areas of the application you will be focussing on more heavily, etc. so that they can know what to expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, inevitably there will be issues with the application that you did not catch. When this happens, it is important to analyse the situation: Is this an issue that you should have caught? If yes, is it something that should normally have come out in the tests you did or was there a gap in the testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's in the name: QA is about Quality Assurance. This means that not only should you continuously evaluate the quality of the application, you should also keep evaluating the quality (and quantity) of your own testing to ensure you are still covering what needs to be covered and that the depth of your testing corresponds with what's required in each area. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T10:48:47.410" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15310" CreationDate="2015-10-27T10:55:25.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will find the &lt;a href=&quot;https://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/Selenium2Library.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;answer here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;For reference, in this case I would use the keyword &lt;code&gt;Get Element Attribute&lt;/code&gt; and compare it against the expected result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T07:56:37.730" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T07:56:37.730" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2015-10-27T11:20:15.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are focussing on the letter of the question over the spirit. Ask yourself, &quot;why is this person asking me this question in an interview&quot;? The answer is that most likely, they are not really interested in the subject matter itself, they just want to get an idea of how you work and what your thought process is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, you should worry less about what the 'best' answer is and more about explaining why you come to the conclusions you're drawing. I would start by describing the questions you would ask in order to get the required context that will allow you to make a better judgement on what aspects of the login page are important. Make no assumptions here: although it's rare, there is always a chance that the actual mechanics of the login page are not really important in this case and that the visual aspect is valued the highest here. A good tester doesn't just blindly start testing, they will try to get an idea of what the client expects first. This means asking about the requirements of the login page and about the business value of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you do make assumptions, verify them with the interviewer. A simple &quot;I assume the security of the login system is the most important aspect here, would that be correct in this case?&quot; will do the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T11:20:15.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15332" CreationDate="2015-10-27T11:35:24.803" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question of &quot;Is this application/feature/fix ready for release?&quot; is one that can't be answered &lt;em&gt;accurately&lt;/em&gt;, because - as the OP said - there's no way to be sure that there are no bugs in the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More than that, depending on the situation, the business could have reasons for releasing despite the concerns of QA or testers that the software is not ready for production (I've been there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our role in this situation is simply this: &lt;strong&gt;Give the business the information they need to make an &lt;em&gt;informed&lt;/em&gt; decision whether or not to release&lt;/strong&gt;. That can be in the form &quot;Yes, I think it's good to go - there are no critical bugs and I've tested everything I can think of&quot;, it can be a matrix of test case results, or it can be something else entirely. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, we give the business a risk assessment from our perspective, ideally looking at these areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What has been tested&lt;/strong&gt; - features and functions that have been tested and in how much detail. This includes the outcome of tests and bugs that have been reported and fixed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What has not been tested&lt;/strong&gt; - any feature or function that wasn't tested and why it wasn't tested, as well as the risk of releasing with that part of the software not tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Known bugs&lt;/strong&gt; - any reported bugs that were not fixed, why they weren't fixed, and if you know it, when the team intends to fix them. If there are workarounds for the known bugs, they get included here as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Any caveats&lt;/strong&gt; - any quirks of the software that you've come across which aren't actual bugs but could cause support calls - this information often winds up in readme files and goes to the support staff so they know how to advise customers who call about these items (some examples include the software requiring a specific version of a supporting framework, or that it's not compatible with some piece of hardware).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk assessment&lt;/strong&gt; - the summary of how comfortable we are with releasing given all the information above. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The format you use to communicate the information isn't relevant: what matters is that it's something everyone involved understands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T11:35:24.803" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15332" CreationDate="2015-10-27T12:26:20.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the software meets the definition of done it is ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the answer to your question is that all the folks involved need to agree on the definition of done.  Formally called 'requirements gathering' before Agile took over the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get together and, for for better or worse agree on how the system should perform in terms of features, usability, performance and bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initial page should should be under 10 seconds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Subsequent pages should load in under 5 seconds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User should be able to buy a widget with their visa card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User should get an email confirmation that they bought something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page should allow for browsing and searching products&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search for products should show images and price&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an Agile world these will be quite minimal as the idea is that you will discover what to work on each week with a meeting of minds of developers, qa and product (&quot;3 amigos&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T12:26:20.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15310" CreationDate="2015-10-27T14:04:02.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the Selenium2Library &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Get%20Element%20Attribute&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Get Element Attribute&lt;/a&gt; keyword to get the style attribute:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| | ${style}= | Get element attribute | id=check_style@style&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then either use a regular expression to find the background color attribute or do some additional parsing. The latter would be easier to do in python than with robot keywords.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you understand regular expressions, something like the following might work. Of course, you'll probably want to add some bullet-proofing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| | ${style}= | get element attribute | id=check_style@style&#xA;| | ${color}= | evaluate | re.search(&quot;background-color: *(.*?);&quot;, '''${style}''').group(1) | &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: you might not get the same literal value as is in the raw HTML. For example, on my machine &lt;code&gt;${color}&lt;/code&gt; comes back as &lt;code&gt;rgb(255, 204, 0)&lt;/code&gt; even though the color in the HTML is &lt;code&gt;#ffcc00&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T14:04:02.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15333" CreationDate="2015-10-27T16:11:50.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;DST is my pet peeve. Our application provides services for travelers moving between timezones. Because different countries have different rules, starting and ending DST on different dates (so timezone difference is not always the same). It is really a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.timeanddate.com/time/dst/daylight-saving-debate.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;huge problem&lt;/a&gt;, causing constant changes, costing billions of dollars to manage and fix constantly, for no discernible benefit at all. For instance, why USA and Europe cannot switch to DST on same weekend, so the mess (and schedule conflicts) will be limited to one weekend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have to deal with DST changes in just one timezone, your life is easy... :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, a link to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.timeanddate.com/time/dst/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;future changes in DST in different timezones&lt;/a&gt; may help. Until politicians decide to make some more &quot;improvements&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;lt;/rant&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T16:11:50.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15344" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-27T16:38:05.747" Score="7" ViewCount="355" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me give you all a brief description:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we have a client which has left the company. They refused to renew their project. The primary reason was that during the course of time, the client was with the company the overall quality metrics were always red (below expectations). There were lots of defects in production. And even after a second re-implementation from scratch, the quality metrics were not up to what the client required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the client was a major source of revenue (one of the big four corporate houses in their field), there was a lot of noise among the leadership as to where and why did this client quality metrics went so wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So while brainstorming, about what went wrong, one of the team members suggested this point: That over the years, the QA/Testing team dedicated to the client was never stable. Team members came and went and this client became infamous as a dumping ground for somebody who is either out of work (on bench) or who has failed to meet the performance expectations (though it was not the case always). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this brings a question to my mind: Does the stability of team members affect the overall quality achieved?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that this is an opinion based question and we kinda hate those types, but I am looking for some view points on this matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T19:32:05.923" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T19:41:49.140" Title="Importance of Stability of QA Team for overall quality itself" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15428" CreationDate="2015-10-27T17:50:52.223" Score="6" ViewCount="5632" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm experiencing timeouts when Webdriver connects to the Chrome browser in headless acceptance tests setup on Linux.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using the following setup to run the tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vagrant machine with Ubuntu 14.04&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running tests in headless mode using xvfb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium, ChromeDriver 2.20.353124, Google Chrome 46.0.2490.80&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capybara as a layer on top of Selenium, RSpec for asserts, Spinach as a main test runner + some other gems (I can provide the full list if required)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ruby 2.1.5&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tests are being run either by executing the Jenkins job (which just logins via SSH to remote server and executes the script which spins up vagrant box and runs the tests) or manually by starting vagrant box on local machine and running the tests inside it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application under test is on the remote server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The command to run the tests looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xvfb-run --server-args=&quot;-screen 0 1024x768x24&quot; rake ci:chrome:en&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last one is the name of rake job which calls an executable within ci_reporter_spinach Gem (required to generate reports for Jenkins) which in turn calls Spinach tests runner itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests I'm running are using multiple instances of Chrome browser, utilising $capybara_session_manager for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue I have is happening very inconsistently, about 10% of the tests runs fail at the initial prerequisites steps when I'm initializing a new session for the user and open new browsers. That's how it looks when the debugging is enabled:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;D, [2015-10-27T16:18:09.769591 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog] Connecting:    127.0.0.1:9516&#xA;D, [2015-10-27T16:18:09.770319 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog] Sending:    POST http://127.0.0.1:9516/session&#xA;D, [2015-10-27T16:18:09.770437 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog] Data:   {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:  {&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;chrome&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;ANY&quot;,&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;cssSelectorsEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;:false,&quot;nativeEvents&quot;:false,&quot;rotatable&quot;:false,&quot;chromeOptions&quot;:{&quot;detach&quot;:true},&quot;chrome.detach&quot;:true}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here test stops some time and then fails with error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Net::ReadTimeout&#xA;    /home/vagrant/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/net/protocol.rb:158:in `rescue in rbuf_fill'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because the browser fails to respond in 60 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I enable the debug mode that returns me pry session on any test fail, I'm able to initiate the session creation once again by calling:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pry(main)&amp;gt; $capybara_session_manager.for_back_office.driver.browser&#xA;D, [2015-10-27T16:26:44.938492 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog]  Connecting: 127.0.0.1:9517&#xA;D, [2015-10-27T16:26:44.939049 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog] Sending: POST http://127.0.0.1:9517/session&#xA;D, [2015-10-27T16:26:44.939254 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog] Data: {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;chrome&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;ANY&quot;,&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;cssSelectorsEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;:false,&quot;nativeEvents&quot;:false,&quot;rotatable&quot;:false,&quot;chromeOptions&quot;:{&quot;detach&quot;:true},&quot;chrome.detach&quot;:true}}&#xA;D, [2015-10-27T16:26:45.320160 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog] Status: 200&#xA;D, [2015-10-27T16:26:45.320328 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog] Benchmark: 0.380709069 seconds&#xA;D, [2015-10-27T16:26:45.320417 #25406] DEBUG -- : [httplog] Response:&#xA;{&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;cbb6d5d5bb994f804ef46aecf3ea3a3b&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:0,&#xA;  &quot;value&quot;:{&quot;acceptSslCerts&quot;:true,&quot;applicationCacheEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;browserConnectionEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;chrome&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;chrome&quot;:{&quot;userDataDir&quot;:&quot;/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.QYfMR8&quot;},&quot;cssSelectorsEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;databaseEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;handlesAlerts&quot;:true,&quot;hasTouchScreen&quot;:false,&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;locationContextEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;mobileEmulationEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;nativeEvents&quot;:true,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;Linux&quot;,&quot;rotatable&quot;:false,&quot;takesHeapSnapshot&quot;:true,&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;:true,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;46.0.2490.80&quot;,&quot;webStorageEnabled&quot;:true}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was not able to find any good solution for this one in google. One important point - I was not able to reproduce the error when running tests locally on OS X machine in non-headless (i.e. with real browser) mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I&quot;m pretty much sure that the error has nothing to do with the tests itself or the application under tests, it is something related only to communication of Webdriver and Chrome browser and xvfb is also affecting this somehow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14489" LastEditorUserId="14489" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T17:58:18.787" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T19:01:08.313" Title="Selenium WebDriver sometimes fails to connect to the browser when running tests in headless mode" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15344" CreationDate="2015-10-27T18:22:06.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The importance of stability in QA&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen this over and over again. My current company has a rather high turnover (I am actually leaving it in 3 weeks). The turnover has primarily been on the development side with some on the QA side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Turnover on the development side is tough but with strong knowledgeable QA it can make it easier. A strong QA will understand the development side and be able to bring new developers up to speed quickly. Turnover on the QA side is a bit harder in my opinion. Often times Developers do not understand the QA side, honestly everyone outside of the QA usually doesn't understand it. Usually when a person leaves, they are leaving with intimate domain knowledge that would be extremely difficult to transfer with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This type of knowledge not only increases the risk of an issue slipping through QA but it can also hinder hitting deadlines because a more experienced QA would know the exact impacts. By lacking the domain knowledge, this puts the new QA in an extreme disadvantage and essentially in a trust relationship with the developers to understand what the impact of a change is. This can be extremely bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The benefits to stable QA&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA processes are more efficient and streamlined    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements are more thoroughly checked and verified &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Less defects in production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easier to on-board new employees&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overall lowered cost of development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Would stable QA have prevented your situation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably, no promises. Stable unskilled/motivated QA is just as bad as unstable QA. It all just depends. Judging by your statement, this seems like a low priority for the company so chances are it was doomed from the start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T18:22:06.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15317" CreationDate="2015-10-27T18:31:12.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your test scenario. Best practice is simulating different users each having its own session. By &quot;session&quot; I mean not only username/password combination but also the whole bunch of entities which are belong to user like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cookies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Headers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cache&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when it comes to web application performance testing you need to make your test as realistic as possible and simulate a real user using a real browser. So make sure you follow the next steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Real browsers download images, scripts and CSS files. To simulate this behavior configure your &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; Sampler(s) to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retrieve All Embedded Resources from HTML Files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use concurrent pool of 2-5 threads for it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest and recommended way to do it is using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real browsers download images, scripts and CSS files but they do it only once. On subsequent requests these entities are being returned from browser cache. Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt; to replicate this behaviour.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; which represents browser cookies and deals with cookie-based authentication. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1743654-how-to-make-jmeter-behave-more-like-a-real-browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to make JMeter behave more like a real browser&lt;/a&gt; for more detailed above recommendations explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T18:31:12.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15348" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15349" CreationDate="2015-10-27T20:20:15.057" Score="2" ViewCount="1426" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating a test for presenting a demo to my management and client using Selenium WebDriver in C#. In this test I need to find an element (a radio button), but for that I want to use the nested find element statement. Although, I can find the required element directly using ID or Name but, I want to do it in other way round (let me explain why).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element which is I need to select can be selected by using following code and its working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;exp-3&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, my requirement is to pass both &quot;the Find Logic&quot; and its respective to be selected &quot;Value&quot; via some CSV or Excel file; so I need this (kind of):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;Years of Experience&quot;)).FindElement(By.Id(&quot;exp-3&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and after using external source it will look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.TagName(From CSV File 1)).FindElement(By.Id(From CSV File 2)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. find the div/control first and then find the required element and, using this I need to change only the CSV files without changing the Find logic and its value (as per me).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, is the HTML of the page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;control-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label class=&quot;control-label&quot; for=&quot;exp&quot;&amp;gt;Years of Experience&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;exp-0&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;exp&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;1    &#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;exp-1&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;2&quot; name=&quot;exp&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;2    &#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;exp-2&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;3&quot; name=&quot;exp&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;3    &#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;exp-3&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;4&quot; name=&quot;exp&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;4    &#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;exp-4&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;5&quot; name=&quot;exp&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;5    &#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;exp-5&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;6&quot; name=&quot;exp&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;6    &#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;exp-6&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;7&quot; name=&quot;exp&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label class=&quot;radio inline&quot; for=&quot;exp-6&quot;&amp;gt;7 &amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know how I can do this and if there is a better/efficient way to achieve the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P.S.&lt;/strong&gt; I don't want to use XPath as UI of the actual application is dynamic, so XPath of the elements will change during run time, while other parameters like ID and Name will not change (as discussed with Developers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-27T20:30:30.850" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T20:34:05.690" Title="Problem with selecting an Element from a div using nested FindElement option" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15348" CreationDate="2015-10-27T20:34:05.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; by &lt;code&gt;name=&quot;exp&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, which will give you list of elements. Then you can iterate over this list, interrogating each element about other relevant properties (or comparing to separately read CSV file), and pick the right one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T20:34:05.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15344" CreationDate="2015-10-27T20:57:21.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there are defects in production, that's not the fault of QA. The defects were created by developers. While I think it's true that a high performing QA team can help find defects that might go unnoticed by a lesser team, at the end of the day it's the development team that is the one screwing up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been a developer most of my career, and if my company ships defects that impact the customer, I've never once thought to blame QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, if you work in an agile environment, it is the team as a whole that is to blame, not just one part of the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T20:57:21.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13917" CreationDate="2015-10-27T20:59:55.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having gone through the CMM adaptation I'll point out that it isn't just what is inside the QA process that matters. The QA process needs inputs and outputs and having a formal (written) process means that the inputs and outputs must be standardized as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having QA is one of the first level of processes that needs to be developed when improving an organization's &quot;maturity level.&quot; If you look at the wiki article on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability_Maturity_Model_Integration#Maturity_levels_in_CMMI_for_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CMM Implentation&lt;/a&gt; you can get an idea of what process that the group together at different levels. The idea is that you can't go from one level to the next until all processes at the current level are under control.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might &lt;em&gt;partially&lt;/em&gt; implement a higher level process earlier, but the process can't be operating at the its &quot;maturity level&quot; unless all process at that level and below are working too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of what I'm getting at is that QA and QC are really different functions. QA basically means that you checking to be sure that everyone is following the written processes. QC is a feedback for process control. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So consider measuring a hole which has been drilled. So the QC tech measures holes after the fact and finds that they are getting towards the minimum diameter, thus he tells the machine operator that the drill bit needs to be changed with a new one. The QA guy checks to see that the QC guy made the measurement, and that the machine operator changed the bit as required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So all in all you need to think not just about not just your QA/QC functional but how the organization's overall maturity is changing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Having formal processes is an uphill climb. There will no doubt be organizational resistance.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The beauty is when people start blaming the process instead of finger pointing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll also add that adulation of the heroic is a sure sign of organization immaturity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15018" LastActivityDate="2015-10-27T20:59:55.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15355" CreationDate="2015-10-28T05:56:59.877" Score="12" ViewCount="4212" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a tester's point of view when do we say that a product is &lt;strong&gt;stable&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the product still &lt;strong&gt;stable&lt;/strong&gt; when it contains a known bug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T10:02:34.723" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T10:02:34.723" Title="When can we say a product is stable?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="937" CreationDate="2015-10-28T06:08:28.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might to late to answer the op, but for others to land on the page with a similar question, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/products/presenter-video-express.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adobe Presenter Video Express&lt;/a&gt;. You can easily load other applications while PVX is recording your screen (or for that matter your webcam feed also if you choose to do so) and there are multiple editing options(trimming, pan and zoom, annotations etc.) once you have your screen recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15020" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T06:08:28.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15353" CreationDate="2015-10-28T06:21:49.807" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would call a software that runs consistently without crashing as stable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the second question, yes a 100% bug free software is a myth (if i may).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There still can be numerous bugs which are hidden and to name a few :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs of implementation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs of unclear specification.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs of poor documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs of misunderstood requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs of portability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs of testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that's a reason why we have bug trackers, reports and subsequent releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T06:21:49.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15353" CreationDate="2015-10-28T06:40:32.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that there is an application free of bug but i can say that this application is stable when if there is no performance problems with it and the major and critical issues covered&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T06:40:32.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15353" CreationDate="2015-10-28T06:53:40.007" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing a product and using a product is always different. Bugs might not really block the using of the system. Products mature by using them and by then fixing critical defects that are found. This leads to a stable and solid software product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stable often means something different in software development, it means the products behaviour does not change anymore. Its users can trust that patches/bugfixes will not change the behaviour of the software. Also read &lt;a href=&quot;http://bitdepth.thomasrutter.com/2010/04/02/stable-vs-stable-what-stable-means-in-software/&quot;&gt;this blog&lt;/a&gt; which explains the difference between stable (release) and stable (mature).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a testing perspective I would not use the word stable, rather &quot;shippable&quot; or &quot;releasable&quot;. I always question what can we do to get more confidence in the product so that it can be shipped. If I cannot come up with more realistic effort to increase quality lets ship-it or push it to user acceptance. The users should tell you if it stable enough to put in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T11:19:32.523" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T11:19:32.523" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-28T09:10:48.407" Score="1" ViewCount="571" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are moving our applications to responsive UI [C#]. Please suggest how best to use automated testing tools [Selenium] on a responsive UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15025" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T14:59:53.433" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T14:59:53.433" Title="Responsive UI tools for automation testing with C# selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-10-28T16:45:29.467" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15359" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-28T10:43:08.313" Score="1" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement where in i have to filter the records and get the union of two columns in QC API. Need help if someone has tried and was successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15030" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T10:43:08.313" Title="Is it possible to filter on column1 = &quot;value1&quot; OR column2 = &quot;value2&quot;, showing the union of the two filters?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-27T18:15:12.363" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15353" CreationDate="2015-10-28T11:59:28.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It bit tricky question &amp;amp; also give you chance to how confident with your answer in that moment, and bring a light on your work ( how you tested ) .....&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Waterfall&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;As a Tester if you not notice any issues/bug those effecting the &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application business logic - no issues on all level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functionality - not effecting to end users in critical way &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI/IX - no critical issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance is - ok&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can say &quot;&lt;strong&gt;product is stable&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SCRUM&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;If you are in SCRUM methodology, then its a collective responsibility to say that product is stable or not to Product owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T11:59:28.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15358" CreationDate="2015-10-28T12:16:21.140" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would personally consider each breakpoint a unique site within selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can set the window size using something similar to the following;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In either your base class or at the top set the various sizes you wish to test (that way if they change you need only update one place)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dimension expectedWindowSizeMobile = new Dimension(600, 500);&#xA;Dimension expectedWindowSizeTablet = new Dimension(1024, 768);&#xA;Dimension expectedWindowSizeDesktop = new Dimension(1288, 988);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then within your individual tests set it appropriately for example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().setSize(expectedWindowSizeTablet)&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;TabletMainImage&quot;)).isDisplayed()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().setSize(expectedWindowSizeMobile)&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;MobileMainImage&quot;)).isDisplayed()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can have a set of tests run at each size point checking for the presence of the appropriate elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T13:04:37.957" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T13:04:37.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15362" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-28T13:04:21.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Image Based Testing uses image recognition to identify and control application objects or GUI components. It is often used when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T13:35:59.380" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T13:35:59.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15363" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-28T13:04:21.567" Score="0" Body="Image Based Testing uses image recognition to identify and control application objects or UI components. It is often used when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T13:36:02.793" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T13:36:02.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14992" CreationDate="2015-10-28T14:09:33.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In simple words, a framework is a set of rules or guidelines that you define to follow when ever a test automation suite is designed. &#xA;It can start with the naming convention of a variable to the folder structure, the way you want to separate the data and code, test case, validation etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The aim of having a framework is to make you and your team's life easier; in terms of modularity, readability, easy debug and scalability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15035" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T14:09:33.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15368" CreationDate="2015-10-28T14:14:30.387" Score="2" ViewCount="438" Body="&lt;p&gt;Community, I'm trying to add an assertion for an XML Response that verifies the size of the info of one of the tags. So for example, this is my response:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;description&amp;gt;This is your password&amp;lt;/description&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;password&amp;gt;j1WzoPi&amp;lt;/password&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I would like to write an script assertion that checks if the size is null (empty xml tag) or if it has data, then checks the size of the string. I've tried with xPath and XML Holder, but still not getting what I want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14878" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T08:24:05.407" Title="Assertion about size of an XML tag" Tags="&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15306" CreationDate="2015-10-28T14:14:52.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unless you are doing any database or backend testing, you dont need any SQL knowledge for selenium. Selenium is a UI automation tool.&#xA;In case if your test data is separated by any Database, you may require SQL queries to retrieve data from the DB; that would be only plain language + DB connection. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15035" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T14:14:52.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15365" CreationDate="2015-10-28T14:31:22.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Regexp is your friend&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;matches(//ns:XPathToIt/ns:password,'\w{7,}')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The \w{7,} will match a string with 7 characters. In the Expected Result put &quot;true&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/functional-testing/validating-messages/validating-xml-messages.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI Assertions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T14:31:22.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15369" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15380" CreationDate="2015-10-28T14:58:21.770" Score="2" ViewCount="12929" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am creating some test cases in Selenium WebDriver using C# (I can't use Java as client has said so). These are sample test cases which will be used for presenting a demo to client and senior management, so my intentions are to make the test cases as robust as I can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am using an Excel file as input and this excel file contains information for all the elements which are there on the page under test. So, I will be creating one excel per page/module. Further, I am reading this excel file in a separate class (.cs file) and then using that in another class (.cs file). So, you can say this excel is a kind of object repository for me (earlier I used CSV file but then switched to Excel). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For making it more flexible I added following code in Excel class, where I will first find which column contains a matching element name and then using its Locator value (I have done this, because I want to get rid of the sequence in which elements are added in excel file, so that if some other member adds elements in this file, he/she don't need to care about the order of elements in file and same used in code).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void GetTestPageElements()&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; rowValue = new List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; { };&#xA;&#xA;            var ExcelFilePath = &quot;C:\\Dhiman\\Practice-Automation-Form.xls&quot;;&#xA;            Excel.Application xlApp = new Excel.Application();&#xA;            Excel.Workbook xlWorkbook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(ExcelFilePath);&#xA;            Excel.Worksheet xlWorksheet = xlWorkbook.Worksheets.get_Item(&quot;PageElements&quot;);&#xA;            Excel.Range xlRange = xlWorksheet.UsedRange;&#xA;            int rowCount = xlRange.Rows.Count;&#xA;            int colCount = xlRange.Columns.Count;&#xA;            //Console.WriteLine(rowCount);&#xA;            //Console.WriteLine(colCount);&#xA;            for (int j = 1; j &amp;lt;= rowCount; j++)&#xA;            {&#xA;                rowValue.Add(xlRange.Cells[j, 1].Value2.ToString());&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(rowValue[j-1] + &quot;  &quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;            Console.WriteLine(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;            //Console.WriteLine(a);&#xA;            for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; rowValue.Count; i++)&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (rowValue[i].Equals(&quot;Partial Link Test&quot;))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    LocatorOfPartialLinkTest = xlRange.Cells[i + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;                }&#xA;                if (rowValue[i].Equals(&quot;Link Test&quot;))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    LocatorOfLinkTest = xlRange.Cells[i + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;                }&#xA;                if (rowValue[i].Equals(&quot;First name&quot;))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    LocatorOfFirstName = xlRange.Cells[i + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;                }&#xA;                if (rowValue[i].Equals(&quot;Last name&quot;))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    LocatorOfLastName = xlRange.Cells[i + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;                }&#xA;                if (rowValue[i].Equals(&quot;Sex&quot;))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    LocatorOfSex = xlRange.Cells[i + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;                }&#xA;                if (rowValue[i].Equals(&quot;Years of Experience&quot;))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    LocatorOfExperience = xlRange.Cells[i + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;                }&#xA;                if (rowValue[i].Equals(&quot;Date&quot;))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    LocatorOfDate = xlRange.Cells[i + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            rowValue.Clear();&#xA;            xlWorkbook.Close();&#xA;            xlApp.Quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Excel File:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cyp4F.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cyp4F.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issues:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I fear that if there are 50 or more such elements on a page then I will end up with lots of IF statements, is this a correct and efficient way of doing this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will using such a large number of conditions, make my test case slow for execution?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the alternative/better way of doing this like using CSV/XML instead of Excel, etc.?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T09:56:15.737" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T09:56:15.737" Title="Efficient way of reading data from Excel in Selenium C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15370" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-28T15:12:58.757" Score="1" ViewCount="556" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a part of my class project I need to implement UI testing and QA testing on my sample android app which I have developed in Eclipse a while ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking to run the Robotium as part of UI automation test.&#xA;And I am implementing the JUnit for unit test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am stuck up with tools for QA testing. Can some one suggest me the tools for QA testing in Android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14975" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T11:10:53.903" Title="Android Quality Assurance Tool for Android" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-11T07:16:39.350" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14220" CreationDate="2015-10-28T15:19:28.807" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same issue when migrating tests from a legacy tool to TFS. It was simply not possible, independent of any choices offered by Excel and TFS (really, I tried them all and wrote a 43 page document about my test conversion efforts).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally I was able to workaround the issue like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In TFS, switch to the grid view&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Excel select all steps and copy it to the clipboard&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Back in TFS, paste the steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use three columns in Excel, you can even import many test cases into TFS at once. Column 1 needs to contain the test name, column 2 the action and column 3 the expected result. This image helps you to better understand it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GEjLT.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GEjLT.png&quot; alt=&quot;Many test cases: copy Excel to TFS&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on what you have as input, you can also do it with a bit of code, e.g. in C#. Just append some text, split columns by &lt;code&gt;\t&lt;/code&gt; and rows by &lt;code&gt;\r\n&lt;/code&gt;. Use &lt;code&gt;Clipboard.SetText()&lt;/code&gt; and then paste in TFS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T15:19:28.807" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15317" CreationDate="2015-10-28T15:27:24.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a good thread on this topic here that I have used for my reference.  I think you will find it useful&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7902/what-is-the-concurrent-users-in-load-testing-using-jmeter&quot;&gt;what is the concurrent users in load testing using Jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think an important not form that thread is 'Also JMeter concurrent threads are not &quot;concurrent users&quot; as real-life people do pauses between actions on web pages. If you don't set any pauses in your tests then 20 concurrent threads will stand for something like 200-250 concurrent users.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15037" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T17:36:48.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15353" CreationDate="2015-10-28T15:55:29.447" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There are no universal criteria for when a product is ready to release.&lt;/strong&gt;  You make that decision in the context of your business goals and your customer's expectations.  A first-release website for uploading cat photos will have very different criteria from a mature banking application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And who decides what those criteria are?  There may be isolated, dysfunctional companies where the tester makes those decisions, but everywhere else, it's a group decision, because no single person knows the whole story.  The people who talk actually talk to customers -- sales, customer support, marketing -- will have a better sense than the tester for how risk-averse your customers are.   The technical people -- the developers, testers, and operations staff -- will have a better sense for the impact of a problem.  Some selection of those people will decide when the product is ready to release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T15:55:29.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15369" CreationDate="2015-10-28T15:55:54.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even many hundreds of if statement will not cause any noticeable slowdown, but you may consider &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/06tc147t.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;switch/case statement&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your goal is only parsing and reformatting text files, you may consider learning IronPython. It has .NET bindings (so you can create Excel spreadsheets and write to them), and you will learn new skill :-) One of best uss cases for python is flexible text manipulation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQLite is flexible and simple SQL (single user) database, if you want simple yet flexible persistent data repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Warning: After you learn Python, C# will seem to you clunky. I know that Python did it to me, and I had to switch jobs :-/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T16:05:17.127" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T16:05:17.127" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15370" CreationDate="2015-10-28T16:05:55.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; it is one of best test automation framework for mobile devices. &#xA;If You are familiar with Selenium WebDriver You should like it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T16:05:55.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15309" CreationDate="2015-10-28T17:23:46.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I got from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#htmlunit-driver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium site&lt;/a&gt; is that JavaScript is disabled by default in HtmlUnit and it seems you have enabled it in your script and that's why you may be getting this issue. Try, once with default settings of the HtmlUnit i.e. with JavaScript as disabled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With WebDriver, we had to make a choice; do we enable HtmlUnit’s&#xA;  JavaScript capabilities and run the risk of teams running into&#xA;  problems that only manifest themselves there, or do we leave&#xA;  JavaScript disabled, knowing that there are more and more sites that&#xA;  rely on JavaScript? We took the conservative approach, and by default&#xA;  have disabled support when we use HtmlUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to it, you will find from this post over &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19646612/javascript-not-being-properly-executed-in-htmlunit&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt; that using HtmlUnit will/may cause lots of issue with JavaScript and it is a pain area. It also tells that one facing the issue as mentioned by you, should try the same script with different browser versions, so you should try the same with IE 10 (it that works for you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T15:45:37.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15369" CreationDate="2015-10-28T17:27:54.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb397926.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LINQ&lt;/a&gt;. This will allow you to 'query' the spreadsheet and pull in the data based on these queries. An example using excel can be found &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd920313(v=office.12).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the execution of it, I would use an enum or array of the different parameters accepted, select those items and then process by the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the test cases grow out of hand (IE millions/billion of rows) than this may have issues iterating over every row, but I wouldn't think this would be a legitimate problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T17:27:54.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15370" CreationDate="2015-10-28T17:36:52.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of tools available in market for your QA testing part of Android apps. A couple of them you can find below:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; (already suggested by wmarchewka)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotium.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robotium&lt;/a&gt; (Paid tool)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/testing-tools/eggplant-mobile-eggon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;EggPlant&lt;/a&gt; (paid tool)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selendroid&lt;/a&gt; (Free tool)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; (Free)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can find more information over these and other tools at this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.optimusinfo.com/blog/top-10-mobile-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T17:36:52.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15353" CreationDate="2015-10-28T17:45:24.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that a product is stable when it is obsolete - cynical but often true (40 years of experience as a software engineer / architect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15042" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T17:45:24.413" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15369" CreationDate="2015-10-28T20:37:04.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found one more way (definitely there can be other ways too) to do this, and using that I don't need to use IF statement and Loop. This has also reduced my lines of code by 50%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;LocatorOfPartialLinkTest = xlRange.Cells[rowValue.IndexOf(&quot;Partial Link Test&quot;) + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;LocatorOfLinkTest = xlRange.Cells[rowValue.IndexOf(&quot;Link Test&quot;) + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;LocatorOfFirstName = xlRange.Cells[rowValue.IndexOf(&quot;First name&quot;) + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();    &#xA;LocatorOfLastName = xlRange.Cells[rowValue.IndexOf(&quot;Last name&quot;) + 1, 2].Value2.ToString();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Posting it as an answer, because I found this as an alternate to my existing implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-28T20:42:44.817" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T20:42:44.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15353" CreationDate="2015-10-28T22:17:04.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have used this criteria to measure software stability in the past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The known, unfixed bugs are &quot;Acceptable&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The rate of new (Critical/High/Medium/Low/etc.) bugs is below an &quot;Acceptable&quot; level.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, &quot;management&quot; decides the definitions of &quot;Acceptable&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These definitions are used because you can never know when you've found all the bugs.  The rate of new bugs is a SWAG as to the number of still-unknown bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just one definition of software stability.  All sorts of other criteria are/can be used to determine if/when the software should progress to the next step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14944" LastActivityDate="2015-10-28T22:17:04.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15370" CreationDate="2015-10-29T02:41:50.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to answers given by Dhiman and wmarchewka, here is another list of mobile testing tools for Android :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cloudmonkeymobile.com/monkeytalk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MonkeyTalk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://calaba.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Calaba.sh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeeTest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/en-GB/Products/Software-Testing/Automated-Testing/Silk-Mobile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Silk Mobile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://catjsteam.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CatJS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T02:41:50.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15384" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-29T08:25:06.803" Score="1" ViewCount="10084" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on Jenkins to run my scripts but I am facing the following issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Running TestSuite Starting ChromeDriver 2.20.353124&#xA;  (035346203162d32c80f1dce587c8154a1efa0c3b) on port 7652 Only local&#xA;  connections are allowed. log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for&#xA;  logger (org.apache.http.client.protocol.RequestAddCookies). log4j:WARN&#xA;  Please initialize the log4j system properly. log4j:WARN See&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig&lt;/a&gt; for more info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: Chrome failed&#xA;  to start: exited abnormally   (Driver info: chromedriver=2.20.353124&#xA;  (035346203162d32c80f1dce587c8154a1efa0c3b),platform=Linux&#xA;  3.2.0-29-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) Command duration or timeout: 60.44 seconds&#xA;  Build info: version: '2.47.1', revision: 'unknown', time: '2015-07-30&#xA;  11:02:44' System info: host: 'hb-Veriton-Series', ip: '127.0.1.1',&#xA;  os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '3.2.0-29-generic',&#xA;  java.version: '1.7.0_55' Driver info:&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:206)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:158)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:595)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:242)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.(RemoteWebDriver.java:128)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.(RemoteWebDriver.java:141)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.(ChromeDriver.java:170)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.(ChromeDriver.java:159)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.(ChromeDriver.java:148)&#xA;    at com.hb.MFA.BaseClass.getDriver(BaseClass.java:146)   at&#xA;  com.hb.MFA.BaseClass.configureDriver(BaseClass.java:44)   at&#xA;  com.hb.MFA.DSW.setUp(DSW.java:14)     at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)     at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:84)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:564)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:213)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:138)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeBeforeClassMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:175)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:107)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)    at&#xA;  org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)    at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:348)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:343)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:305)   at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:254)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)   at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1224)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1149)  at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1057)   at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGExecutor.run(TestNGExecutor.java:178)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGXmlTestSuite.execute(TestNGXmlTestSuite.java:92)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGProvider.invoke(TestNGProvider.java:96)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)  at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)     at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray2(ReflectionUtils.java:208)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:159)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:87)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:153)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:95)&#xA;  EXCEPTION ::: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.20.353124&#xA;  (035346203162d32c80f1dce587c8154a1efa0c3b),platform=Linux&#xA;  3.2.0-29-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) Command duration or timeout: 60.44 seconds&#xA;  Build info: version: '2.47.1', revision: 'unknown', time: '2015-07-30&#xA;  11:02:44' System info: host: 'hb-Veriton-Series', ip: '127.0.1.1',&#xA;  os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '3.2.0-29-generic',&#xA;  java.version: '1.7.0_55' Driver info:&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;    at com.hb.Utility.Util.getscreenshot(Util.java:86)  at&#xA;  com.hb.MFA.DSW.run(DSW.java:58)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)     at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:84)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:714)   at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:901)    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1231)  at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)    at&#xA;  org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)    at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:348)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:343)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:305)   at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:254)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)   at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1224)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1149)  at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1057)   at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGExecutor.run(TestNGExecutor.java:178)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGXmlTestSuite.execute(TestNGXmlTestSuite.java:92)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGProvider.invoke(TestNGProvider.java:96)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)  at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)     at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray2(ReflectionUtils.java:208)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:159)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:87)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:153)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:95)&#xA;  Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 62.704&#xA;  sec &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE! run(com.hb.MFA.DSW)  Time elapsed: 0.322 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&#xA;  FAILURE! java.lang.AssertionError: null   at&#xA;  org.testng.Assert.fail(Assert.java:94)    at&#xA;  com.hb.MFA.DSW.run(DSW.java:64)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE :: This was arising when I run jenkins on ubuntu server,when I run on windows mechaine everything was fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2015-10-30T05:06:43.033" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T14:27:36.280" Title="Jenkins fails to start Chrome" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14992" CreationDate="2015-10-29T08:41:44.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Framework is a structure which helps building and maintaining the test scripts easily.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can have a automated test script without a framework but after a few months if someone asks you to modify that or reuse that code, it would definitely be a nightmare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case a proper structure would be very helpful.&#xA;A structure which defines where the test data comes from, where the output will go, which code will deal directly with the browser, what is the never changing part in the automation etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start building test scripts using POM, and slowly you will be able to figure out the problems.&#xA;Then you can start solving them one by one easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T08:41:44.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-29T09:13:26.167" Score="1" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have incorporated google analytic code into my website, however, I don't want Google to crawl through my website for some days. If I run &quot;robot.txt&quot;, still my website can be viewed in google search result page. I don't want it to be shown at all for the specified period of time? &#xA;How can I stop google from crawling my website? Also, how can I set the duration? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15052" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T09:39:51.323" Title="How can I stop Google from crawling my website?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-10-29T11:45:16.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15386" CreationDate="2015-10-29T09:39:51.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to set below code in robot.txt ( you need to stop googlebot looking at your website )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User-Agent: googlebot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disallow: /&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its not happen in one day, Its take some time when google next time crawling your website then it not access your website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T09:39:51.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15399" CreationDate="2015-10-29T10:10:45.460" Score="2" ViewCount="4691" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FhKaI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FhKaI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need help, I'm in a situation where, I need to perform Load testing and I am using JMeter to perform load test. How can I configure CSRF token in JMeter as it's showing &lt;strong&gt;403 Error&lt;/strong&gt; on the links. The back-end sets the CSRF token in the browser and also uses random challenge for authentication purpose. Please suggest me how I should proceed in such situation. Is using open source technology preferable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T05:59:21.767" Title="Load Testing on CSRF enabled website with JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15389" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15525" CreationDate="2015-10-29T10:16:22.557" Score="1" ViewCount="676" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to perform rest testing, like &lt;strong&gt;strong text&lt;/strong&gt; rest client but issue here is website which I am performing testing sets CSRF token in browser in such situation rest client gives &lt;code&gt;403 error&lt;/code&gt;, is there any alternative way to perform these test(s). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T13:49:43.870" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T04:51:15.593" Title="REST Testing for CSRF Enable Website" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15390" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-29T11:06:58.680" Score="1" ViewCount="1868" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to execute my test on more then one device.&#xA;So how to get logcat for every device?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(&quot;logcat&quot;).getAll();&#xA;File logFile = new File(logPathWithFile);&#xA;PrintWriter log_file_writer = new PrintWriter(logFile);&#xA;for (LogEntry temp : logEntries) {&#xA;log_file_writer.println(temp);&#xA;}&#xA;log_file_writer.close();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This only creates one file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T15:25:44.077" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T06:47:08.840" Title="Appium: How to get adb logcat for multiple android devices" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15390" CreationDate="2015-10-29T11:29:44.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have multiple devices attached to your system, you can get logs for specific device by following the below mentioned steps: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Get the device id of your device.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can get this by running the command &lt;code&gt;adb devices&lt;/code&gt; in your terminal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2.Now use the following command:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb -s serialNumberOfDevice logcat&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give logs specific to the device whose serialNumber has been given in the adb command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T11:29:44.440" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-29T12:13:15.740" Score="3" ViewCount="4368" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which sentence is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Defects have been fixed and tested by QA. No issues found furthermore. So, what should QA has to write?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect XXX has been verified. No issues found.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;OR&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Defect XXX has been validated. No issues found&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T12:44:05.877" LastActivityDate="2021-03-22T11:28:54.770" Title="Bugs Verified or Bugs Validated?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15392" CreationDate="2015-10-29T12:27:31.367" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Verified:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adj.  1.  verified - proved to be true; &quot;a verified claim&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think validated means the same, both are used for confirmations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the sentence should be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Defect XXX &lt;strong&gt;fixes&lt;/strong&gt; have been verified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since its not the defect that is verified, that would mean it was reproduced, but you want to say it was resolved correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would just set a company standard, it doesn't really matter what the terminology is, as-long everyone in your company understands what it means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe its better to ask on &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://english.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:38:46.520" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T12:45:28.580" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15394" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-29T12:31:03.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing that involves the execution of the software of a component or system, testing the dynamic behavior of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, dynamic analysis refers to the examination of the physical response from the system to variables that are not constant and change with time. In dynamic testing the software must actually be compiled and run. It involves working with the software, giving input values and checking if the output is as expected by executing specific test cases which can be done manually or with the use of an automated process. This is in contrast to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;static testing&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Unit tests&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;integration tests&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;system tests&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;acceptance tests&lt;/a&gt; utilize dynamic testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T13:07:55.120" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T13:07:55.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15395" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-29T12:31:03.520" Score="0" Body="Testing that involves the execution of the software of a component or system, testing the dynamic behavior of code." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T13:08:27.313" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T13:08:27.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15396" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-10-29T12:35:59.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An attribute of data that indicates correctness with respect to some pre-defined criteria, e.g., business expectations, requirements on data integrity, data consistency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-30T10:52:00.833" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T10:52:00.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15397" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-10-29T12:35:59.720" Score="0" Body="An attribute of data that indicates correctness with respect to some pre-defined criteria, e.g., business expectations, requirements on data integrity, data consistency.&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-10-30T10:51:38.477" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T10:51:38.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15384" CreationDate="2015-10-29T12:56:32.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you passing the DISPLAY parameter to your Jenkins job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default Jenkins will try to run in headless mode. You need to setup Xvfb and pass the DISPLAY number to your job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To add the the DISPLAY property&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In you jenkins settings add a global property&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;key: DISPLAY&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;value: 0:0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On your server start Xvfb in the background:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xvfb :0 -ac -screen 0 1024x768x24 &amp;amp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T12:56:32.253" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15388" CreationDate="2015-10-29T13:15:31.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can use open source tool JMeter for load testing of this application and it will work perfectly fine. Regarding your issue of &quot;Cross-site request forgery&quot; (CSRF) token, you need to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-regular-expressions-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regex&lt;/a&gt; for the same. Actually, this CSRF token is generated at run time and can be used only once, so if you use its hard-coded value in your script (i.e. recorded value) then you will ran into trouble, because that is a used token and is no more valid for use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done load testing of a eCommerce site in my organization which too used this CSRF token for authentication purpose. I too used JMeter and there I used &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for extracting and passing value of CSRF token to subsequent request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case this CSRF token is generated at the very first hit/request to the application, so I added 'Regular Expression Extractor' as child of that request and passed it to next request(s) where it was being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to it, use Cookie Manager too for maintaining the session (if your application have one), if not being used already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try the same and your issue will get resolved. Just to eliminate your feeling about 'use open source technology', I can tell you JMeter is a very good tool for performance testing of web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T13:48:45.887" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T13:48:45.887" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15400" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-29T14:54:50.200" Score="10" ViewCount="26158" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a website I am testing we have various links that download PDF files to the users computer.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our selenium suite runs nightly on bamboo, if we were to download the various files overnight it would cause the hard disk to fill up in short order. The  Selenium job itself is sandboxed and can't access the file system to delete the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is best practice for testing file downloads with this setup? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few potential scenarios;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download the file and perform some kind of cron cleanup serverside (this might not be viable).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the URL of the file location is as expected but don't download the file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the link and accept the presence of a dialogue box as sufficient coverage (without downloading the file)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T16:37:44.880" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T22:35:00.850" Title="How best to test file download links using Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15400" CreationDate="2015-10-29T15:02:41.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way to handle download functionality and pop-ups, is to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIT&lt;/a&gt; with Selenium for testing download/upload files functionality &lt;em&gt;(hope this is what you are asking)&lt;/em&gt;. This &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; will provide you step-by-step guidelines over how easily you can use AutoIT with Selenium for such functionalities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, downloading and uploading files is related to windows/desktop functionality and this is where territory of Selenium shows issues, but with the help of AutoIT (Desktop testing tool) you can handle these windows pop-ups and manage your downloads too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find some information &lt;a href=&quot;https://decoupledlogic.wordpress.com/2013/12/11/selenium-webdriver-file-download-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and over &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1176348/access-to-file-download-dialog-in-firefox&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt;, on how you can handle download functionality with Selenium itself &lt;em&gt;(but unfortunately, this didn't work for me, because of my machine issue and so I switched to AutoIT)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T15:08:35.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15402" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15404" CreationDate="2015-10-29T15:07:21.683" Score="0" ViewCount="3198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently joined a company and we are looking to standardize our testing frameworks and tools across multiple (many legacy) products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this, I'm seriously considering the Selenium Test framework for automated regression of web based systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are its unique advantages? Specifically, what features does Selenium posses that are unique and not present in competing frameworks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T15:17:24.187" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T15:17:24.187" Title="What are features of the Selenium Test framework that are not present in other tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-12-17T12:49:58.963" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15392" CreationDate="2015-10-29T15:23:06.457" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Verification&lt;/em&gt; answers the question:  &quot;Are we building the product right?&quot;  Does it conform to its specification?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Validation&lt;/em&gt; answers the question:  &quot;Are we building the right product?&quot;  Is it doing what the user really needs/wants?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the question, it depends on the nature of the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you confirm the fixes for defect now allow the product to function as intended, you have &lt;em&gt;verified&lt;/em&gt; the fixes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you confirm the fixes for the defect change the behavior to fulfill the intended usage, you have &lt;em&gt;validated&lt;/em&gt; the fixes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T15:23:06.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15402" CreationDate="2015-10-29T15:25:13.400" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although, this question is too broad to answer but in short I can say &lt;strong&gt;'It depends upon number of factor which tool you want to use'&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project/Organization budget&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scope of Automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Skillset available with team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complexity/functionalities of automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tool support, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't just compare the tools theoretically, use them for different types of applications which you want to support with that tool and then decide based on your findings which tool you want to go with. Every tool has some limitations, some advantages, some dis-advantages and some assumptions which has to be considered while selecting a tool, as this is a big decision especially when it is a licensed tool and you have to use it for number of applications and have to show &lt;strong&gt;ROI&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, coming to your question in detail. I have tried (compared) Selenium, Telerik's Test Studio and Test Complete for one of our web-application long ago &lt;em&gt;(so after a detailed analysis we selected Test Studio, the only reason was that application was rich in Telerik's control, hence we selected their own testing tool and that time we supported majorly IE browser)&lt;/em&gt;. But have found Selenium to be a powerful tool for testing of web-applications &lt;strong&gt;(which is your target)&lt;/strong&gt;. So, if you want to go for free tool, then Selenium is a very good option to with and it is very popular among QAs in automation field. You can extend its use for Mobile, Desktop, Performance testing with use of free extensions, plugins and frameworks. While for other tools as mentioned by you either you have to buy multiple tools or you have to buy extension of same tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our organization too is using Selenium with a wide range of projects (Mobile and Web applications).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, these are some limitations of Selenium (which are no blocker for you):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its and open source tool so in case of any technical issues you need to rely on the selenium community forums to get your issue resolved. While for paid tool you just need to raise ticket and will get solution. But, selenium has a vast community and user support.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to know at least one of the supported language very well in order to automate your application successfully. With other tools like Test Complete and Test Studio (it have a power recorder) you can go with recording, but at some point you have to enter into coding.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No inbuilt reporting capability so you need plugins like JUnit and TestNG for test reports. This is what other paid tools provide you i.e. in built good looking reports.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lot of challenges with IE browser.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Things which Selenium offers but others doesn't are:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No Fee i.e. Free Tool (A bigger factor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support for multiple languages you can use Java, C#, Python and ROR etc. for creating test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lots of Testing frameworks to choose from (others have only one pre-defined framework to be used).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute tests in parallel on multiple OS, browser combinations using Selenium Grid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supports all the popular browsers and versions (others too support multiple browsers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integrate with DEV and CI environment seamlessly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Most important:&lt;/strong&gt; Already grown and more growing use of Selenium in automated testing, that almost every QA opening mention that person should know about Selenium. So, a good value to your career, skill set and resume.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Courtesy to following links:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingmentor.com/selenium-tutorials/limitations-of-selenium/&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingmentor.com/selenium-tutorials/limitations-of-selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gallop.net/blog/tag/test-automation-tools-comparison/&quot;&gt;http://www.gallop.net/blog/tag/test-automation-tools-comparison/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you compare selenium with the mentioned tools, you will find that every tool development company has already compared and published that analysis for people e.g. this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/ranorex-vs-selenium.html&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; and have shown their tool is much better ;-) &lt;em&gt;(I call it a sales strategy)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T17:48:23.090" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T17:48:23.090" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15327" CreationDate="2015-10-29T15:26:26.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I used the explicit wait as outlined by SeleniumHQ.  I found it quite stable in operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.Url = &quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;IWebElement myDynamicElement = wait.Until&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;((d) =&amp;gt;&#xA;    {&#xA;        return d.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;someDynamicElement&quot;));&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General caveat, I almost always recommend implicit waits if you have an element you are waiting for.  That way if it loads quicker than 10 seconds you are not needlessly extending your test runs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T15:26:26.937" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15413" CreationDate="2015-10-29T15:35:49.867" Score="2" ViewCount="1153" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;WHY&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for options and possible full solutions if someone has already done something similar. I am testing web-based applications using C# Selenium with VS2015 by writing tests that automate the browser and make sure its doing what its supposed to be doing. I have written a whole test suite to test every inch of the website. It is tedious to manually run these tests during the day and then fix them as they come up, so I am looking for a solution that will help me automatically run this test suite every night at a specific time (like midnight) and receive a log/output file of it after that I can check in the morning to see what passed/failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background Info&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using C# Selenium in VS2015 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using TeamCity for CI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Want to run these tests on its own server (Mac, MS, Linux, doesn't&#xA;matter, as long as it works)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Needs to run HEADLESS but emulate Firefox (no browser/display with Selenium -    leaning&#xA;toward Linux solution since its has Xvfb)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Output/Log required to review next day&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solutions I have looked into&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently since we are using TeamCity, I had an idea that we could make a separate server for this nightly testing. But what else is required? Is there an easier way? TeamCity has a scheduler so I can do the build at specific time at night every night, but how does one go about automatically making it run the specific test suite in the form of a VS project file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything will be helpful, even if distantly related or complicated as long as I have some information I can go off of and try and do this on my own!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thanks :)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15060" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T10:47:05.230" Title="Looking for a HEADLESS C# Selenium automatic nightly regression test solution" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15406" CreationDate="2015-10-29T16:55:57.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you do stick with TeamCity, I would probably recommend creating a separate build agent as opposed to a whole server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find details of how to set up a test suite &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.jetbrains.com/display/TCD9/Visual+Studio+Tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That build step can then be &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.jetbrains.com/display/TCD9/Configuring+Schedule+Triggers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;scheduled with various triggers&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you also have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/products/tfs-overview-vs.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TFS&lt;/a&gt; as an alternative to TeamCity (which does also offer &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.jetbrains.com/dotnet/2013/03/12/teamcity-plugin-for-visual-studio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IDE integration&lt;/a&gt;).  As you would expect, being another Microsoft product the intergration with Visual studio is seamless.  You are then able to schedule these to run regularly overnight.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-03T09:25:47.193" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T09:25:47.193" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15408" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-29T17:29:35.333" Score="3" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work as a HW quality control guy but for the first time I am the one who should produce the report.&#xA;I have no template but definitely there needs to be something like &quot;device version&quot; information (e.g. HW revision X, Firmware 1.1.3 etc.). Is there a common term in English/ technical English that describe that? I was thinking about &quot;Device specification&quot; or &quot;Configuration&quot; but neither sounds good to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15064" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T22:40:25.620" Title="What is the correct terminology for &quot;configuration information&quot; in a test report" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15408" CreationDate="2015-10-29T17:33:45.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Get previous report for the same or similar project, and follow established precedents, using terminology other people in your company use. If you cannot, and English is not your first language, talk to some native English speaker in your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T17:33:45.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15408" CreationDate="2015-10-29T17:37:18.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, &quot;Test item&quot; is the subject of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &quot;Test item configuration&quot; or &quot;Test item version&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a IEEE standard (829) which offers quite a comprehensive outline. They use &quot;Test items and their identifiers&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15065" LastEditorUserId="15065" LastEditDate="2015-10-29T17:46:11.507" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T17:46:11.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15408" CreationDate="2015-10-29T18:54:25.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;HW revision X, Firmware 1.1.3 etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use the term 'Environment'. It looks like JIRA does too, &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/jira/what-is-an-issue-270829373.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T18:54:25.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15412" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15414" CreationDate="2015-10-29T19:05:57.600" Score="5" ViewCount="2762" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now, here the confusion starts.&#xA;I was creating some test cases using Selenium WebDriver with C# and thought of using a testing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My task is to create functional test cases which can later be used for Regression testing of the application; only for the +ve flows, like if a new build come, I will execute that test suite and will see major functionalities like 'creating a user with valid values' is working or not?. So, this is the main purpose of automated test cases to capture +ve flows which can be re-run N number of times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started using NUnit + Selenium WebDriver for the same and created few test cases for my first presentation/demo. In the meantime, I contacted a developer who told me he is creating his unit test cases in NUnit. So, I went back to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;NUnit site&lt;/a&gt; whose very first line states that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What Is NUnit?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NUnit is a unit-testing framework for all .Net languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I got this blog &lt;a href=&quot;https://gregorybeamer.wordpress.com/2006/03/17/nunit-is-not-unit-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; over some web search and it confused me totally, as may be asked some questions in presentation. I know it may depend upon how we use this framework but still have queries to clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Questions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is NUnit only a Unit testing framework? If Yes, then it means I am creating unit test cases which a developer is already doing. So, my work is not adding any value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can NUnit be used for Functional/Regression testing? If Yes, then&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How it can be used? and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why NUnit says it is a unit testing framework?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I may be asked these questions, so need to prepare for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T08:57:55.613" Title="Can NUnit be used for Functional and Regression testing?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15406" CreationDate="2015-10-29T19:10:08.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I actually saw this being done by Microsoft during STAR West. They showed me that there is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nuget.org/packages/Selenium.WebDriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Nuget package for Selenium web driver&lt;/a&gt;. IIRC, they were using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nuget.org/packages/PhantomJS/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt; for headless browsing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I had an idea that we could make a separate server for this nightly testing. But what else is required?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That depends on your application and environment. I wouldn't do nightly tests. If your tests run at night because your test take so long, go back and fix that. Maybe split up into separate BVT and full regression suites. However, if you don't gate code going into that environment (i.e. you do not merge changes to staging yourself) then you might want to have a nightly test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T19:10:08.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15412" CreationDate="2015-10-29T19:25:38.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is NUnit only a Unit testing framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NUint is a .Net port (commonly used with Visual Studio) of JUnit (which is commonly used with Eclipse). So it's different than the standard 'unit tests' in a VS project. Generally those unit test are testing each function of the application. xUnit tests do test through the UI level. I think your hangup is on the term 'unit test', which simply means testing a single function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can NUnit be used for Functional/Regression testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can chain xUnit tests to do a full UI regression without using Microsoft Test Manager or Visual Studio Pro. NUnit runs tests in alphabetical order so I got into the habit of using a number convention so it's easier to slip in new tests, like '010 - Login' then '020 - Update Profile'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T19:25:38.140" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15400" CreationDate="2015-10-29T19:30:10.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is best practice for testing file downloads? Assert the (static link) URL on click is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium can't interact with anything outside of the browser, unless you incorporate AutoIT like @Dhiman pointed out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are you trying to assert here? Is the link working? You could extract the url and hit it, then make sure the response is 200 (OK). Or, just make sure the link is what you expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-10-29T19:30:10.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15412" CreationDate="2015-10-30T05:39:08.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're using NUnit as test runner for Specflow for our functional and regression tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14726" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T05:39:08.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15418" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-30T06:13:16.880" Score="1" ViewCount="1073" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I'm using Selenium Webdriver for c# and PDFBox to automate the PDF text of a report. Now, using PDFBox, we have the ability to parse a pdf given a URL link, with &lt;code&gt;URL = new URL(&quot;link of pdf&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;. However, this takes the URL link directly without preconditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I access the pdf that I'm trying to parse with the direct URL address, I get a &lt;code&gt;resource not found&lt;/code&gt; error. I would need to log in to view the actual report, which is done using my Selenium code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I link Selenium with PDFbox, so that instead of the code opening a new URL that goes directly to the Denied Permissions URL, it would go to the PDF Report that's already preloaded on the screen, with the same URL address?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code I'm trying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     URL url = new URL(&quot;link of url&quot;);&#xA;BufferedInputStream input = new  BufferedInputStream(url.openStream());&#xA;    PDFParser parsepdf = new PDFParser(input);&#xA;    parsepdf.parse();&#xA;    textofpdf = new PDFTextStripper().getText(parsepdf.getPDDocument())&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15075" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:27:11.273" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:27:11.273" Title="PDF Automation using URL opened in Selenium, not a new URL" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15412" CreationDate="2015-10-30T08:52:23.453" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can use NUnit for functional testing. But still it is a unit-testing framework. No, you are not creating unit-tests by using a unit-testing framework to write functional tests. A unit-test is testing just a single methods input and output, by writing end-2-end tests it by definition cannot be a unit-test. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing frameworks are often combined with other testing frameworks like Selenium or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org/&quot;&gt;Specflow&lt;/a&gt; to write functional tests. NUnit is in that case used as test-runner and assert framework. I think using the same tooling base for all your tests simplifies installation and knowledge needed to build and run tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NUnit is designed for unit-testing, that you can combine it with other software is nice, but not the development teams focus. Thus they call it a unit-testing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-10-30T08:57:55.613" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T08:57:55.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15420" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-30T08:58:52.517" Score="2" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have defined `loginpage.js':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'use strict';&#xA;&#xA;( function () {&#xA;&#xA;var ptor;&#xA;var navigate = function () {&#xA;    //browser.ignoreSynchronization = true ;&#xA;    ptor = protractor.getInstance();&#xA;    ptor.ignoreSynchronization = true;&#xA;    ptor.waitForAngular();&#xA;    ptor.get('http://store.demoqa.com');&#xA;    //browser.get('http://store.demoqa.com/');&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;var login = function ( username, password ) {&#xA;    this.username.sendKeys( username );&#xA;    this.password.sendKeys( password );&#xA;    this.loginButton.click();&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;var LoginPage = function () {&#xA;    this.username     = dv.findElement( by.id( 'log' ) );&#xA;    this.password     = dv.findElement( by.id( 'pwd' ) );&#xA;    this.loginButton  = dv.findElement( by.id( 'login' ) );&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;LoginPage.prototype.navigate = navigate;&#xA;LoginPage.prototype.login    = login;&#xA;&#xA;module.exports = LoginPage;&#xA;&#xA;} )();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I call loginpage in &lt;code&gt;spec.js&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;this.Before( function ( callback ) {&#xA;&#xA;    var loginPage = new LoginPage();&#xA;    isAngularSite(false);&#xA;    loginPage.navigate();&#xA;    callback();&#xA;&#xA;} );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I run the test, the following error displays:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;c:\Users\binhlex\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\atoms\error.js:108&#xA;  var template = new Error(this.message);&#xA;                 ^&#xA;NoSuchElementError: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;log&quot;}&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.47.1', revision: '411b314', time: '2015-07-30 03:03:16'&#xA;System info: host: 'HSSSC1PCL02018', ip: '192.168.197.24', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_60'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;    at new bot.Error (c:\Users\binhlex\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\atoms\error.js:108:18)&#xA;    at Object.bot.response.checkResponse (c:\Users\binhlex\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\atoms\response.js:109:9)&#xA;    at c:\Users\binhlex\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\webdriver\webdriver.js:379:20&#xA;    at [object Object].promise.ControlFlow.runInFrame_ (c:/Users/binhlex/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/goog/../webdriver/promise.js:1857:20)&#xA;    at [object Object].goog.defineClass.notify (c:/Users/binhlex/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/goog/../webdriver/promise.js:2448:25)&#xA;    at [object Object].promise.Promise.notify_ (c:/Users/binhlex/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/goog/../webdriver/promise.js:564:12)&#xA;    at Array.forEach (native)&#xA;    at [object Object].promise.Promise.notifyAll_ (c:/Users/binhlex/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/goog/../webdriver/promise.js:553:15)&#xA;    at goog.async.run.processWorkQueue (c:\Users\binhlex\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\goog\async\run.js:130:15)&#xA;    at process._tickDomainCallback (node.js:409:9)&#xA;[launcher] Process exited with error code 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, a browser opens but it does not open any url in address bar.&#xA;Am I doing anything wrong while defining the pageobject and call to &lt;code&gt;navigate&lt;/code&gt; function from loginpage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My full code can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33373738/protractor-cucumberjs-browser-get-does-not-work&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33373738/protractor-cucumberjs-browser-get-does-not-work&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15077" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T09:47:45.513" Title="Protractor-Cucumber: PageObject" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-26T18:36:30.773" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15344" CreationDate="2015-10-30T09:39:08.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In all honesty, it sounds like the client was actually partly to blame for this - although your company should have seen the churn in the QA department and at least asked some questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If both your company and the client had entered into more discussions on quality (managing expectations etc) then maybe this wouldn't be a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The underlying story here sounds like a company with very poor communications, both internal and external - people being dead-ended onto a project which apparently was one of the company's main revenue streams??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And &quot;noise in management&quot; sounds very much like management are not open, honest and approachable too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you need to look a little further afield than just the QA department - I'd be looking for a job elsewhere, I think. That company sounds like it's on a downward, management-sponsored spiral.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13114" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T09:39:08.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15425" CreationDate="2015-10-30T12:26:29.207" Score="7" ViewCount="961" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile we favour immediate communication over documentation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, in QA we still have a need and desire to document the process to provide structure and guidance.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What high-level structure in our documentation would accommodate this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:33:47.563" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:33:47.563" Title="How can I organize QA documentation within an Agile environment" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15424" CreationDate="2015-10-30T12:26:29.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've introduced the following structure which includes a section that reflects the Agile Testing Quadrants for Unit, Integrated, Performance and Exploratory testing.&#xA;Each link goes a detail page for that area which outlines what is being done for our company in that area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1AzHZ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1AzHZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T12:26:29.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15426" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-30T16:21:51.553" Score="2" ViewCount="616" Body="&lt;p&gt;This test does a login on a non-angular site, then switches to angular app and performs the testing. I found that regular bindings &lt;code&gt;by.css&lt;/code&gt; work, but custom ones like &lt;code&gt;by.binding&lt;/code&gt; don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('show-rights: TC15269-restrictions', function () {&#xA;&#xA;    var page = new Page();&#xA;&#xA;    it('should display the restrictions', function () {&#xA;        //login on a non-angular site&#xA;        browser.ignoreSynchronization = true;&#xA;        browser.get('channel/moonlight-1202275');&#xA;        //redirects to the user login&#xA;        element(by.css('#username')).sendKeys = 'User1';&#xA;        ...&#xA;        //this click will do 2 redirects, the last one being the angular app &#xA;        signIn.click();&#xA;        browser.wait(function () {&#xA;            return browser.getCurrentUrl().then(function (currentUrl) {&#xA;                return currentUrl.indexOf('channel/moonlight-1202275') &amp;gt; -1;&#xA;            });&#xA;           }, 15000));&#xA;        //mark app as Angular&#xA;        browser.ignoreSynchronization = false;&#xA;        //this will fail&#xA;        expect(element(by.binding('formattedType')).isPresent()).toBe(true);&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the html &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;{{ formattedType }}&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Protractor version &lt;strong&gt;2.5.1&lt;/strong&gt;, angular &lt;strong&gt;1.3.17&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To fix it, I'm refreshing the page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;//mark app as Angular&#xA;browser.ignoreSynchronization = false;&#xA;&#xA;//this fixes the custom selectors issue:&#xA;browser.refresh();&#xA;//this now works&#xA;expect(element(by.binding('formattedType')).isPresent()).toBe(true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there another solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15079" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T00:58:41.043" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T00:58:41.043" Title="Protractor custom bindings don't work after multiple redirects" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15424" CreationDate="2015-10-30T16:31:37.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have daily builds, Below are some of the lessons that worked for us&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Knowledge Part) - Documented notes (critical discussions, one-liners - running notes are usually captured and shared after design discussions, MOM etc..). This is a quick reference used during testing, preparing test scenarios. We usually shared test queries, SQL queries written during testing in a shared folder. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Quick Coffee Discussions) Quick stand up for status and peer discussions and conversations while sharing bugs/discussions around them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Test Case Management) - Test cases were written/reviewed/shared via TCM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Track Discussions) We use slack for conversations. All project discussions are saved her, Discussions / Decisions not captured in documents are often referred back to discussions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(With Remote Teams) slack works well even with remote team setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Common team folder to share utilities, tools developed, clean up scripts. Consolidated mail during weekends on summary/weekly status calls across teams/bug stats &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:33:41.087" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:33:41.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15345" CreationDate="2015-10-30T16:49:36.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to determine what was causing the issue.&#xA;After new session initialization:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;session = Capybara::Session.new(driver)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was calling following method to maximise the browser window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;session.driver.browser.manage.window.maximize&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like sometimes a new browser window is opening too slow and when Capybara tries to maximise the window, this request times out because browser wasn't opened yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the possible solutions is to check that browser window really responds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try_a_few_times { session.driver.browser.title.include? 'data:,' }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where try_a_few_times is a name of method that does the catch/retry:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  def try_a_few_times(how_many=5, tries=0, &amp;amp;block)&#xA;    begin&#xA;      yield&#xA;    rescue Exception =&amp;gt; exception&#xA;      raise exception if tries &amp;gt; how_many&#xA;      puts exception if Environment.debug?&#xA;      sleep 1&#xA;      try_a_few_times how_many, tries + 1, &amp;amp;block&#xA;    end&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still have no idea why this was happening only when I run tests in headless (xvfb) mode but now I was able to get rid of this error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14489" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T16:49:36.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15388" CreationDate="2015-10-30T18:48:05.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record your use case several times&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mention which request parameters are changing. Pay attention to Request Headers as well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once you identify what values need to be correlated - use one of the following post processors to extract dynamic bits, convert them to &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Variables&lt;/a&gt; and using in next requests &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSS/JQuery_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSS/JQuery Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-csrf-protected-web-sites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Load Test CSRF-Protected Web Sites&lt;/a&gt; guide for example of bypassing CSRF protection with JMeter in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.djangoproject.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Django&lt;/a&gt; web application &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T18:48:05.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15344" CreationDate="2015-10-30T21:08:03.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience team stability can be achieved in different level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zero level - Define test team core Values, Mission, Goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic level - Hiring right skilled person or Hiring right fresh university students who eager to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;High level - Having a Right team lead and or Test manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Team lead play key role - Technical / Business, Soft spoken, Helping nature, Motivator team lead can bring more fruitfully results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Internal hiring 40% - 60% -- Companies need to find Internal gems and give next level promotion, so people stay long in team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Listing more to testers issues - Many companies &amp;amp; management never listen internal problems what test team is facing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continues knowledge sharing &amp;amp; updating - Senior people must be mentor for new people to grow others in team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="14998" LastEditDate="2015-10-30T22:22:06.607" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T22:22:06.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15408" CreationDate="2015-10-30T22:40:25.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you providing this report(document) for end customers then &quot;x.x.xV Setup Guide/Help&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you providing this report(document)for internal test team &quot;x.x.xV Configuration Guide&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you providing report for external technical team &quot;Test items and identfiers&quot; better use IEEE standerds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2015-10-30T22:40:25.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-31T07:49:38.600" Score="1" ViewCount="12323" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here I'm using LinkedIn for the learning purpose &amp;amp; want to perform the action on Edit profile=&gt; Work experience=&gt; Add position. Here &quot;Add position&quot; button comes under work experience which becomes visible on hovering to that specific area. Look at my code,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login-email&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;email id&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login-password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login-password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;submit&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Home&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Profile&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/* To scroll the page down */&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,250)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/* To hover mouse on required option*/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions hover=new Actions(driver);&#xA;hover.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;id('background-experience')/div[1]/div/button[1]&quot;)));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;id('background-experience')/div[1]/div/button[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;/* To Edit company name */&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;id('companyName-positionCompany-position-editPositionForm')&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;id('companyName-positionCompany-position-editPositionForm')&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;testing company&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is continued to edit work details but when I execute, it stops the page at work experience &amp;amp; not able to click on add position button to edit work.&#xA;It gives error on &quot;edit company&quot; code line. Can anyone help me perform the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14768" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T12:17:55.350" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T08:21:08.190" Title="Selenium webdriver-Not able to click on button which becomes visible on hovering only" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15400" CreationDate="2015-10-31T07:50:53.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@ Adurbe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;load the page with the download link, find the  element on the&#xA;page, click on it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(“foo”)).sendKeys(“AbsoluteFileLocation”);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt; input type=&quot;file&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;DELETE&lt;/code&gt; the downloaded file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;File downloadedFile = new File(&amp;lt;fileLocation&amp;gt;);&#xA;downloadedFile.delete();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T10:52:52.397" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T10:52:52.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-10-31T08:08:24.163" Score="1" ViewCount="8143" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing an automation test script using Robot Framework &amp;amp; Selenium2Library for testing our web application ( in &lt;code&gt;.txt&lt;/code&gt; format ). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of my test cases involves to select few lines of text from web page, following with this text selection, some text formatting options will render in page to modify the style of that particular selected text ( Please refer the following image ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZoXTY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZoXTY.png&quot; alt=&quot;Text selection&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XNnfi.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XNnfi.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Is there any specific keyword in Robot Framework to select few text or few lines of text from a webpage ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the &lt;code&gt;HTML&lt;/code&gt; code of the particular section : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;         I am writing an automation test script using Robot Framework &amp;amp; Selenium2Library for testing our web application(in '.txt' format).&#xA;     &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with that, can I store the selected text field into a variable ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) If I Select &lt;code&gt;bold&lt;/code&gt; from the text formattings option, &lt;code&gt;html&lt;/code&gt; code will change like this : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;         I am writing an &amp;lt;b&amp;gt; automation test script &amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; using Robot Framework &amp;amp; Selenium2Library for testing our web application(in '.txt' format).&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any method in Robot Framework to get the text field inside a particluar html tag ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, Can I store the text field in between html &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag?&#xA;[ But id's willn't be there ! ]  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14732" LastEditorUserId="14732" LastEditDate="2015-10-31T08:33:05.337" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T14:18:33.287" Title="How to select few text lines using Robot Framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15424" CreationDate="2015-10-31T22:03:53.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its depend on your organization how they distribute responsibilities as test team member in scrum/agile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In SCRUM good documentation cover::&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Stories, Test Case, Test Data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation regression testing env setup process details &amp;amp; how to run them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test process documents &amp;amp; User manual update.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No. of test cases in the sprint, pass vs failed no. test cases in acceptance criteria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:32:58.710" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:32:58.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14932" CreationDate="2015-11-01T07:20:06.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@ Muhammad Ali Khamis - &#xA;Your manager talked about &quot;performance simulation&quot;, Production Env VS Test Env.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oracle Database replay Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Workload capture&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Workload pre-processing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Workload replay&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis and reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2015-11-01T07:20:06.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15438" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-01T09:06:13.380" Score="2" ViewCount="4340" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can switch between two tabs/windows but my requirement is to know or get active window between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my project, on a click of a webElement of a page a random pop(tab/window) gets opened and I would like to know whether that(new) window has focus or my original page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to use JNA Api to get the active window and its title but my web page is&#xA;remotely located.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like know the active window title of a browser or system which is remotely located(need this for all platforms and browsers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perfect solution is greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15089" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T16:26:46.127" Title="How to get an active window title between two browser tabs/windows using Selenium Java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15433" CreationDate="2015-11-02T00:56:15.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to use &lt;code&gt;perform()&lt;/code&gt; function on the main menu link to hold the menu list till the time Selenium identifies the required sub-menu link and then click on it. I have modified your code (just added a &lt;code&gt;perform()&lt;/code&gt; function on line 2).Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions hover=new Actions(driver);&#xA;hover.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;id('background-experience')/div[1]/div/button[1]&quot;))).perform();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;id('background-experience')/div[1]/div/button[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T03:05:22.940" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T03:05:22.940" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15447" CreationDate="2015-11-02T06:26:20.923" Score="2" ViewCount="378" Body="&lt;p&gt;I dont have any coding experience and right now i am in the field of Manual testing , I have to learn Testing Automation . Now what basics for which language i have to start working on?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15095" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T12:21:53.110" Title="What basic language and documents I have to learn for Testing Automation ? I don't have experience in any language and I am in Manual testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;languages&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-11-02T15:34:25.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15440" CreationDate="2015-11-02T07:02:13.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should start to learn programming language JAVA if you are thinking to move for web application automation testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For functional automation testing Selenium webdriver is best to start , Please have a look with following for more details :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Download Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/selenium-tutorial-selenium-webdriver-tutorials/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium &amp;amp; Java tutorials&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium supports many other programming languages like Python, Perl, Ruby, php, c#. so you can start to learn any of these to work in automation testing. Java is just my suggestion.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T07:39:49.847" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T07:39:49.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15442" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-11-02T07:39:16.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft UI Automation (UIA) is the accessibility framework for Microsoft Windows. UIA provides programmatic access to most user interface (UI) elements on the desktop, enabling assistive technology products such as screen readers to provide information about the UI to end users and to manipulate the UI by means other than standard input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UIA is targeted at providing &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistive_technology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;UI accessibility&lt;/a&gt; (and is a successor to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Active_Accessibility&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Active Accessibility&lt;/a&gt; at that), as well as facilitating &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GUI test automation&lt;/a&gt; (in particular, it's the engine &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio#Editions_feature_grid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Coded UI Test&lt;/a&gt; is based on). UIA's property providers support both &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Win32&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Win32&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET_Framework&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;.NET&lt;/a&gt; programs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latest specification of UIA is found as part of the Microsoft UI Automation &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Open_Specification_Promise&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Community Promise Specification&lt;/a&gt;. Microsoft claims that portability to platforms other than Microsoft Windows was one of its design goals. It has since been ported to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mono_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mono&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T22:36:04.853" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T22:36:04.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15443" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-11-02T07:39:16.500" Score="0" Body="Microsoft UI Automation (UIA) is the accessibility framework for Microsoft Windows. UIA provides programmatic access to most user interface (UI) elements on the desktop, enabling assistive technology products such as screen readers to provide information about the UI to end users and to manipulate the UI by means other than standard input.&#xD;&#xA;Please, use &quot;uiautomation&quot; tag for general questions about UI automation." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T13:59:57.667" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T13:59:57.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15440" CreationDate="2015-11-02T08:09:30.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is depends on What your company is doing / Where you are going to use Test Automation . If you are planning to use The test automation at work , it would be wise to learn the technologies your company planned to use . If this is for you own  I would like to suggest below &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;01) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; - For Web Automation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;02) &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/TestStack/White&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Stack White&lt;/a&gt; - For Windows Desktop Application Automation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;03) Appium - For Mobile Testing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these 3 technologies are Free and Generic so that can be used for creating any advance testing framework also good for learning compared to Easy-to-use tools . 02) Technology Requires knowledge in c# , and both Selenium and Appium can be use with c# . So if you are planning to Test Stack White as well   Learning C# would be ideal . Otherwise Java also a good choice &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8326" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T08:09:30.933" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15445" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-02T09:02:30.733" Score="1" ViewCount="6860" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;&#xA;&#xA;import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Response.OutputType;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.file.File;&#xA;&#xA;public class Gmail_login {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http:\\google.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;D:\\google.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15097" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T14:50:15.347" Title="unable to take screen shot using webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="11" ClosedDate="2015-11-03T16:04:34.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15445" CreationDate="2015-11-02T09:41:27.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This should do the work :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; import java.io.File;  &#xA;    import java.io.IOException;  &#xA;    import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;  &#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.By;  &#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;  &#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;  &#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;  &#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;  &#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;  &#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.Test; &#xA;&#xA;    public class Gmail_login {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http:\\google.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;D:\\google.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively take clue from this question on how to take screenshot using Java : &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T14:48:30.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15440" CreationDate="2015-11-02T10:29:24.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@nikzz_0402&#xA;You need to look within the company what kind of project they have. Also ask developers view on it- what kind of automation they want for project. More then that consider Mike Cohn automation pyramid &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Fxa8.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Fxa8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Now according to project you can investigate automation possibilities, tools and you also get to know what programming languages you need to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T11:35:45.450" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T11:35:45.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15445" CreationDate="2015-11-02T11:11:05.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;      public void getscreenshot() throws Exception &#xA;      {&#xA;              File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;              //The below method will save the screen shot in d drive with name &quot;screenshot.png&quot;&#xA;              FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;D:\\screenshot.png&quot;));&#xA;      }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15100" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T11:44:36.350" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T11:44:36.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13980" CreationDate="2015-11-02T11:11:07.447" Score="-1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Latent Bug - A bug that has been unobserved on two or more release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Golden Bug - The bug that is occurred in every instances of the&#xA;application with severity level high and with high priority.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="14998" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T12:37:24.167" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T12:37:24.167" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13318" CreationDate="2015-11-02T11:35:19.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Organisations &amp;amp; events You can earn it for your organization in different levels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recognition you can get having the business partnership with testing&#xA;tool companies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISO 9001 good one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Affiliation with university.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Affiliation with testing organisations &amp;amp; participate in events.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T11:59:50.610" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T11:59:50.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15451" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-02T12:15:17.570" Score="0" ViewCount="1387" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am integrating QTP 11.0 autotests with HP ALM 12.20 so I could run them directly from ALM. So I've done everything according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/qc/qtp_qc_integration.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quality Center - QC-QTP Integration&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;installed QuickTest_Add-in_for_ALM-QC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set up HP ALM connection to QC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;saved the test in Quality Center Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;added Test Resources (Shared Object Repositories, libraries)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;added Test to the Test Lab and executed test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the problem I've got when starting test from HP ALM's test lab is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OXf9g.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OXf9g.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW: there was a time when the test executed once, but then the problem came back again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;grant access to everyone to the user temp area (%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know what to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extra questions / info to clear up things:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you open test files using QTP from ALM/QC Test Plan (as for me, after 'Save as' operation, I am trying to open the file and I've got the message &lt;code&gt;&quot;Test [test name] does not exist&quot;&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Test Plan on the tab Test Script of the autotest the message is shown &lt;code&gt;&quot;Can't load test from C:\Users\\[user]\AppData\Local\Temp\TD_80\87\6732cc74\Test\1107\1107\1107&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, but still when I close it there is a kind of test structure displayed in &lt;code&gt;Keyword View&lt;/code&gt;. But when I open this path from QTP everything is fine!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T12:37:18.470" LastActivityDate="2021-04-05T05:06:40.747" Title="&quot;Unable to open the [test name] test.&quot; message when starting QTP autotest from QC" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;qtp-11.0&gt;&lt;hp-alm-12.20&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15440" CreationDate="2015-11-02T12:21:53.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Web test automation: Sahi &#xA;* Don't need to have programming language knowledge in depths.&#xA;* Use only java-scripts language( can do with Java also).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On negative side, its bit tricky on setting up.&#xA;So if you need help on this can provide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desktop application: AutoIT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is great tool but its complex in scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;............&#xA;Thanks&#xA;Dev&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14795" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T12:21:53.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15453" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-02T12:31:27.567" Score="0" ViewCount="715" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get fields or objects in Desktop application with TestComplete. But get a problem, because I can't get ID, because there are no ID! But other properties such as MappedName, FullName.. can change by themselves when I do new start of application.. And in the end, there are no stable and unique properties that I can use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is any of you had the same problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, help me to solve this problem. I need to write automation tests (I use Visual Basic language)..but don't know how I can get the objects then...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15102" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T14:26:46.800" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T21:29:02.097" Title="TestComplete_ Object identification" Tags="&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15438" CreationDate="2015-11-02T14:03:15.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you perform a simple &lt;code&gt;getCurrentUrl()&lt;/code&gt; before you click, then after that event do another &lt;code&gt;getCurrentUrl()&lt;/code&gt;, if the values match, then your original window has focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pseudo code (assuming you want the focus Not to be the popup);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string pageBeforeClick = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;click(YourPageElement);&#xA;string pageAfterClick = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;assertEquals(pageBeforeClick, pageAfterClick, &quot;Your active window is the popup&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously you can wrap the last line in an &lt;code&gt;if-else&lt;/code&gt; statement if that's what you require.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T16:26:46.127" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T16:26:46.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15445" CreationDate="2015-11-02T14:50:15.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used this code and it is working fine, you can try the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Gmail_login {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;http:\\google.com&quot;);&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;            System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;&#xA;         try{&#xA;                //take screenshot and save it in a file&#xA;                File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;&#xA;                //copy the file to the required path&#xA;                FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot,new File(&quot;C:\\Dhiman\\Automation\\screenshot.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;         catch(Exception e){&#xA;                //if it fails to take screenshot then this block will execute&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Failure to take screenshot &quot;+e);&#xA;         }  &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T14:50:15.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14932" CreationDate="2015-11-02T15:27:24.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea behind Real Load Replay is having a set of test data reproducing conditions and combinations from real use of the application instead of creating it from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very useful when you need to test inputs, web petitions and any kind of data which does not include personal nor sensitive information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from database replay, you have tools to recreate real data on other environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, &lt;a href=&quot;http://leonsbox.com/blog/2013/06/04/improving-testing-by-using-real-traffic-from-production/?utm_source=twitter&amp;amp;utm_medium=twitter&amp;amp;utm_campaign=twitter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gor&lt;/a&gt; is a simple tool with a listener on a production environment which sends part of this real traffic to test environments, where it is replayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9180" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T15:27:24.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15402" CreationDate="2015-11-02T16:16:05.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;First things first- The question title and description don't match each other. You're asking features of Selenium that are not present in other tools, while in body you're asking the limitations. That's a dampner :-(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to the question- Dhiman has an excellent answer and he has covered almost all the points. Selenium as a functional web-testing tool is intensely powerful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the power of waits to handle AJAX calls, while you can use the power of various classes present inside the Selenium API to interact with dynamic web elements like Pop-ups, Modal windows, Drag-Drop Scenarios, Hover-over Menus etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you're talking about limitations, let me put forward some of the limitations I have personally felt, using Selenium over the last one and a half years :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No Support for Captcha/Barcode Readers&lt;/strong&gt; : Well that's the whole point of Captcha- so that it can't be automated and read by machines. If you want to automate this, you need to use external API's (and I'm not sure if they are successful).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium can't use proxy to connect to other websites:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;That's because Selenium, technically is already a proxy, and you can't really configure it to go through another proxy (at least not that I know of).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cross Browser Issues&lt;/strong&gt; : It is true that Selenium gives you the flexibility to run your tests across browsers. It is also good at that. But since there are browser specific binding, you can't really be sure if a method is going to perform  same way on Chrome, the same way it performs on Firefox. A good example is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumwithjavapython.wordpress.com/selenium-with-python/basics-of-webdriver/taking-screenshot-of-a-page/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Screenshot conundrum&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issues and Limitations while testing with Flash&lt;/strong&gt; : I know that now a days Flash is used less in web applications. However, in case you website has any, you will find it hard to automate with Selenium. Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14339540/testing-flash-applications-on-web-using-selenium&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; on SO that discusses this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problems in automating Java applets&lt;/strong&gt; : You can read more about this on this SO &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10765682/how-to-automate-java-applet&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Points 4 and 5 are only situation specific, so they don't come into picture unless you have these in your web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T16:16:05.537" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15402" CreationDate="2015-11-02T22:11:44.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to @Dhiman's excellent answer, and noting that limits mentioned by @log_file was not a problem for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium is W3C standard for browser automation,&lt;/strong&gt; so it is here to stay.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For competent programmer, &lt;strong&gt;programming&lt;/strong&gt; (instead of session recording) &lt;strong&gt;is not a bug, but a feature.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With competent programming team, you can develop pageobjects and reuse them in extremely flexible ways. We have multiple ways to generate data to feed into our integration testing system:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one of the paths collect some transaction data from production and replays them in testing system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another use of Selenium is to generate reports for the same datapoints in production and testing, and compare them to detect the differences. Because we replay data, we can analyze detected differences and automate major part of the diff analysis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and of course standard regression tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in some sense, some of our tests are data-driven (we can generate data sets for test, instead of endlessly replaying the same tests). Fuzzying, border conditions testing - just generate proper data sets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in our experience, record/replay test are very fragile and sensitive to UI changes. After even a small change, many tests needs to be updated. With pageobject design pattern, such changes are localized and much simpler to manage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not have experience using other competing automation framework (beyond dabbing into our legacy FitNesse a bit). But our &lt;strong&gt;company policy is to use open source tools for production whenever possible,&lt;/strong&gt; because in our experience the response from &lt;strong&gt;commercial support is often delayed way into the future, and often forces you to &quot;upgrade treadmill&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;   - solution is &quot;yes, we will fix it in next version of our library&quot;, so skipping version upgrades (as we like to do) would not be possible. From our POV such approach is unreliable - they are solving their problem, not ours. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;With open source systems,&lt;/strong&gt; if we do have some problem, usually someone else already solved it, and &lt;strong&gt;solution is discoverable&lt;/strong&gt; by google search and some own development. Or you can always try to solve it yourself or hire an expert on hourly rate &lt;strong&gt;(buy time with money),&lt;/strong&gt; which is not possible with closed systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With 2 years of experience in Selenium, I would not consider switching to proprietary test system if I can avoid it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, cross-browser testing is a problem, and IE is as usually the biggest offender - because MSFTies think that being incompatible with web standards will allow them to hang on the chunk of the market they have. If your IE customers are minority, incompatibilities are MSFT's problem not yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-11-02T22:31:57.003" LastActivityDate="2015-11-02T22:31:57.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-03T05:49:23.607" Score="0" ViewCount="1476" Body="&lt;p&gt;My test cases are successfully executing through the terminal and Maven in my local environment but when I run the tests in a Jenkins job, they fail due to the browser size. (I have taken a screenshot and from the screenshot I determined that browser size was small.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(One thing I am not clear on is - Is the browser size dependent on the system screen size?) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test tries to select a value from drop down but due to end of the page Selenium fails to select the value from drop down. The test passes locally, as the page is rendered so that the drop down is on screen and does not need to be scrolled to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SzlN1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SzlN1.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshot of running test showing parts of the page must be scrolled to reach them.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any one is aware about this issue please share your views and experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="14423" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T04:48:15.837" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T04:48:15.837" Title="When running Selenium tests on another machine, page element renders offscreen so tests fail" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14992" CreationDate="2015-11-03T07:27:33.810" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation framework not comes up at the start up. Can have at the beginning but its better to comes up after with the requirement and current automation challenges face in the projects. So in the beginning its just automating the test scenarios and its fine. Once that phase is done then move into better way of doing things which become test automation framework for your projects. where you identify what are the challengers face with iteration wise and how we going to address those. How we going to maintain the code with minimum efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14795" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T07:27:33.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15392" CreationDate="2015-11-03T07:45:02.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally in cases where a defect has been tested and is found to be fixed , it is termed as Defect has been VALIDATED.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11420" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T07:45:02.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15459" CreationDate="2015-11-03T11:07:23.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Setting the browser size in selenium is limited by the resolution of the display (Xvfb or similar on a build server).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example if your browser size is set as below, it can only fill the maximum of the display. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dimension expectedWindowSize = new Dimension(1288, 988);&#xA;driver.manage().window().setSize(expectedWindowSize)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically it behaves the same as if you have a browser physically on your screen.  If you increase the build server's resolution, you will find it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be done using something similar to;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xvfb :0 -ac -screen 0 1024x768x24 &amp;amp;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An easier solution is if you scroll down the page within Selenium to find the element you want before interacting with it.  You can do that with something like the below;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;his will scroll until the element is in view :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_of_dropdown&quot;));&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);&#xA;//click on dropdown and so on&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-03T11:36:02.777" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T11:36:02.777" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15453" CreationDate="2015-11-03T12:38:41.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With a desktop application you've got several ways you can do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Have the developers set a distinctive ID for every field&lt;/strong&gt; - This is by far the best option because it will save you a lot of time and is relatively low effort on the part of the dev team. It may not be possible if you are working with an application that uses specialized components or is written with a tool TestComplete doesn't fully support.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Look for properties that don't change with each build&lt;/strong&gt; - This is more time-consuming, but can be done by looking for labels, captions, and so forth. Your test code may need to do things like find the button with the caption &quot;Update&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manually map the objects you're dealing with to an object name &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; choose&lt;/strong&gt; - TestComplete will automatically map an object name to its name and path within the application. You need to edit the mapping to identify the object by something that doesn't change, then give the mapped object a unique name you can use throughout your script code. This has the added advantage that when an object is removed from a form or moved to a different form, you don't need to make major changes to your code - you modify the object map, the navigation code, and the code that interacts with that specific item to use the new flow, and you're done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use keyboard shortcuts if all else fails&lt;/strong&gt; - this is the worst way to deal with the items, but it can be done: your application will have keyboard shortcuts (or at minimum, tab stops). Using them to get to the part of the application you're working with is fragile and will cost you a lot in rework every time the forms and process flows change, but it will give you a way to reach the objects you need to interact with. Sometimes this is the only way you can interact with an object - if your version of TestComplete doesn't fully support the application components, this may be your only option.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used all these methods, and combined them - where components didn't give me any other means to access them, I used the tab/keyboard shortcuts and keystrokes method (and commented my code &lt;em&gt;extensively&lt;/em&gt;). Elsewhere I used IDs if I could get the developers to provide them, and static properties if I couldn't. And everything I could get an object handle on got mapped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T12:38:41.350" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="185" CreationDate="2015-11-03T12:39:10.673" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In house built testing tools are more efficient when your product is unique then traditional one. In my experience In house built testing tools more effective according to your product needs. Challenge is your team need to update test tool time to time with product major changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2015-11-03T12:39:10.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15453" CreationDate="2015-11-04T05:14:09.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have done something like below.&#xA;First we know the object type, ex; textfield, passwordfield or button ext,..&#xA;This object wont change only we can proceed or else you need to find difference type unique value.&#xA;Then we write small function to get object count of that object type.&#xA;Then we can identify the object from that.&#xA;Ex;&#xA;Let say your page have two text fields, then scripts will return two for object type text. &#xA;Then you can access first one or second one.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.smartbear.com/t5/Functional-Web-Testing/I-am-getting-more-object-number-than-actual-values-when-I-try-to/m-p/103022#M25323&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://community.smartbear.com/t5/Functional-Web-Testing/I-am-getting-more-object-number-than-actual-values-when-I-try-to/m-p/103022#M25323&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14795" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T05:14:09.000" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15473" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-04T06:32:44.537" Score="1" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a HW area. Recently I have been given a device to test (just hardware validation) but there is no detailed specification, just a block diagram where each block performs certain functions. As I need to produce a report with coverage criteria, my only idea is to use these block as inputs to my coverage analysis but still it it cannot be precise as I do not know all functions these blocks are capable block. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15065" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T08:59:16.817" Title="Identifying test coverage for item without detailed specification" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7531" CreationDate="2015-11-04T06:44:21.470" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not just two levels: NOW or LATER.  NOW means address it now, as in before you go to lunch/go home. LATER means that your boss keeps it on his list, until too many things become LATER, and then it effectively becomes somebody else's problem, since it will take another &quot;discovery&quot; to reintroduce the bug/inconvenience to the &quot;NOW or LATER&quot; decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If something is annoying or inconvenient, but assigned the LATER label, it will not cause a problem by itself, but enough of these and somebody will force part of the collection into NOW.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15134" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T06:44:21.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15479" CreationDate="2015-11-04T07:14:08.167" Score="5" ViewCount="765" Body="&lt;p&gt;Boundary Value Analysis is, according to ISTQB - a black box technique. How can anyone agree with that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most developers write unit tests following equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis to make sure the edge cases are covered. Am I missing some specific distinction that makes sense in this case? I can see some IEEE documents too refer to Boundary Value Analysis as a black box technique. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15065" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T11:31:57.937" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T11:31:57.937" Title="Why does ISTQB say Boundary Value Analysis is a black box technique" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;boundary-value-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15475" CreationDate="2015-11-04T07:30:36.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different terms ad terminologies have different meaning to people. It depends on an individual's understanding and thought process as to how they perceive, understand, accept and use terminologies, methods, processes or anything for that matter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why don't you describe here what Boundary Value Analysis means to you and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T07:46:57.013" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T07:46:57.013" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7531" CreationDate="2015-11-04T07:40:38.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The importance of any label is only as much as you make of it. It's just a label and not a law. There is no specific standard for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most appropriate practice to follow for labeling bug severity is to sit down with your project team and decide? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what suggestions you have for it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Would they like to make any changes to your suggestions?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they have better option/proposal that is acceptable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can do it with anything,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Numbers &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alphabets Words&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Color Codes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or any other thing that you can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug severity is only for conveying a message of the importance of how badly a bug can affect the software and that it needs to be fixed immediately or can be dealt with after other priority fixes. This message can only be conveyed most effectively when the team and you use a system that all understand equally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T07:40:38.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15514" CreationDate="2015-11-04T08:05:38.493" Score="1" ViewCount="1593" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a good reporting tool for Python tests-specifically the one which supports Python 3.0+, with Selenium, built using the default &lt;code&gt;PyUnit&lt;/code&gt; framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have come across only one tool, which is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/HTMLTestRunner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTMLRunner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it doesn't serves the purpose, since it doesn't supports Python 3.0+ (I tried the GIT repository but return empty handed). I am trying to port the code to Python 3.0, but I want an option in case I fail (or time constraints come in to play).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-core/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Allure&lt;/a&gt;, but since it supports only &lt;code&gt;PyTest&lt;/code&gt;, I am not able to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody has used any other tool other than this. Please suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T13:57:05.593" Title="Reporting for Python tests built using PyUnit" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15475" CreationDate="2015-11-04T08:09:28.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;h2&gt;BVA and unit tests&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on when and how the developer implements the unit test. If the developer writes the test first (as recommended by test driven development, TDD), it's a black box test, because he doesn't see the implementation. In that case, the test conditions can only be based on the software specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the developer writes a unit test after implementing the method, it depends:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;he can write the test looking at the implementation and taking the boundary values from the implementation. That's a white box test. However, the values used for testing might be different from the specification.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;he can write the test not looking at the implementation. In that case it's like writing the test before implementing the method and thus a black box test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;BVA and system tests&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same applies to system tests. You could look at the source code and then perform tests from the boundaries you recognize there. Then that's a white box test. The question is: is that useful? Typically not, since you test something that was not necessarily defined in the specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more useful test is the black box test: look at the specification, not the code, determine the boundaries and then perform the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Boundary tests exist as white box and black box tests. However, from the usefulness I can understand that ISTQB has defined them as black box test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T08:09:28.783" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15473" CreationDate="2015-11-04T08:59:16.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for all metrics, it's a matter of definition, e.g. in unit tests you distinguish between&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;line coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;branch coverage &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One line of code can have many conditions, of which not all are evaluated due to short-circuiting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, test coverage could be defined as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;block coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;function coverage (a block has several functions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;test coverage&quot; is not precise enough, so you should ask someone who can make a decision about it. Be prepared to be asked for your opinion. If so, mention your favorite coverage type and give some reasons why that coverage type is better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From tester's perspective I'd say a fine granular coverage method (function coverage) is preferable, since it enables you to identify gaps in testing and define new tests more easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, from management perspective, someone may decide for the rough coverage (block coverage), e.g. if they want to hide problems for business reasons. In such a case, you can still create the detailed report (function coverage) for yourself and pass the summary report (block coverage) to your boss. Since it is a 1:n relationship, that should be easy to achieve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such an approach enables you to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get your work done, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;satisfy your boss and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be prepared for the situation that you need to provide more details on short notice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T08:59:16.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15481" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-04T09:29:53.827" Score="6" ViewCount="225" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently in our company we use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/codegram/spinach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Spinach&lt;/a&gt; as a BDD framework and test runner for our automated acceptance tests. We also use Selenium as a browser driver, Capybara as an additional layer on top of it and Ruby as a programming language for writing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, Spinach (which is more or less similar to Cucumber) does not have parallelisation support out of the box. I was not able to find a decent 3rd party library as well, besides &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/grosser/parallel_tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; but it is a not a perfect solution because after parallelising the threads it is not gathering all the results back in one place which makes it being useless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have two repositories with tests, one of them takes 1h 30m to run and another one needs 50m for that. Both of those are ridiculous numbers. Unfortunately, we are not able to put efforts in rewriting our tests using another framework (like Cucumber or RSpec) because it will take too much time even with re-using already existing PageObjects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm searching for any possible solutions of running tests with Spinach in parallel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14489" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-16T17:06:31.473" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T06:37:16.947" Title="How to Run tests in parallel with Spinach BDD framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15485" CreationDate="2015-11-04T10:10:19.537" Score="7" ViewCount="1161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to understand the following concept - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Testing is done parallel with other activities and thus it is not a&#xA;  stand alone activity, it is a complete process called &lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/software-testing-life-cycle/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;STLC&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  (Software Testing Lifecycle)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can somebody explain this concept? I mean how is really testing done with other activities?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15137" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T00:36:50.197" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T00:36:50.197" Title="Why testing is not a stand alone activity" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15482" CreationDate="2015-11-04T11:09:20.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The software testing life cycle includes more steps than just the practical &quot;doing&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;In short&lt;/strong&gt; it starts with reviewing the design / requirements, going over to planing and designing your tests, execute the tests (often called &lt;em&gt;testing&lt;/em&gt;) and finishes with reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think you connect the word &quot;testing&quot; only with the &quot;doing&quot; while having an application running and you check if a functions works as intended. But testing is more than that. The link you provides yourselfs shows this quite good in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T11:09:20.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15484" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-04T11:17:42.803" Score="11" ViewCount="51025" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I minimize the browser window which has been launched via Selenium Webdriver? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see that there is a method to maximize (&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/remote/RemoteWebDriver.RemoteWebDriverOptions.RemoteWindow.html#maximize%28%29&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt;), but I cannot find the converse for minimize. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried resizing and repositioning the window, however this does not work the same way as minimize. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to do this in Selenium? Or can this only be done through Robot key events (e.g. &lt;kbd&gt;Windows&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;D&lt;/kbd&gt;) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15138" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T13:47:28.893" LastActivityDate="2021-01-02T10:59:16.077" Title="How to minimize the browser window which was launched via Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15482" CreationDate="2015-11-04T12:20:34.637" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is not a standalone activity because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;resolving bugs means talking with product and development to make sure that the bugs are well understood and that the path to correct them makes sense for all.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;understanding business requirements and what an application is trying to achieve means working with business users and product owners&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;understanding software configuration means working with developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;understanding the enviromental setup and requirements can involve devops&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;understanding the issues that users are reporting that should be tested against can involve customer support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in Agile environments (probably the majority based on some surveys I've seen), qa doesn't stand alone but has to work hand-in-hand with product and development as changes are made in an iterative fashion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there should a constant flow of information with the rest of the organization about what they understand the application does and what the organization wishes it to do now and in the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T14:15:34.107" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T14:15:34.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15486" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15487" CreationDate="2015-11-04T13:13:52.690" Score="6" ViewCount="8025" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that test cases are written in human readable language, whereas test scripts are written in code and mostly done for automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But can anyone tell me what else make them different from each other? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any logical difference between them or are these interchangeable terms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15137" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T13:51:16.520" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T03:40:01.767" Title="what is difference between Test Cases and Test Scripts?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15486" CreationDate="2015-11-04T13:33:01.440" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_case&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-case&lt;/a&gt; is the &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_script&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-script&lt;/a&gt; is the &lt;strong&gt;how&lt;/strong&gt; of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its possible to defined high level test-cases to describe what needs to be tested.&#xA;The test-scripts contain all the detail to really execute the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T14:04:17.103" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T14:04:17.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15482" CreationDate="2015-11-04T14:18:19.340" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Carpenters have this saying: &quot;Measure twice, cut once.&quot;  Before you cut a piece of wood, you measure it twice, because the cost of remeasuring is much less than the cost of recutting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;plan before you act&quot; principle applies to software, too.  We make lots of decisions when we create software.  We aren't even aware of some of them.  The right amount of process can reduce the number of bad decisions. That happens before a QA person tests the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In theory, keeping your QA staff involved in all aspects of the software lifecycle allows a QA perspective to catch mistakes early.  My experience is that you only get that with a very engaged and knowledgable tester.  In practice, getting the tester involved everywhere may be less valuable than the theory suggests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correspondingly, giving non-testers input into the test process can improve the test process -- but only if those parties are engaged and knowledgable about testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The STLC page you mentioned decomposes the test process into activities, each of which requires  different skill sets.  That's a idea worth knowing if you are training to be a tester or managing a test team or test process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You asked how it works in practice.  A test process in one organization will look familiar to another organization, but they will vary depending on the personalities involved and the nature of the business.  I think most will skip or be informal about some of those activities.  For example, most testers at my company do not review each other's test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T14:26:13.397" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T14:26:13.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15484" CreationDate="2015-11-04T14:19:42.310" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer to your question: Unfortunately, &lt;strong&gt;Selenium&lt;/strong&gt; do not provide any built-in function for minimizing the browser window, there is only function for maximizing the window. But there are some work around for doing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You want window to be out of sight, then you need to use this code. by using it browser window will be out of your sight and you will not be able to see what is running, but don't worry your test cases will keep on executing. It is tried and tested work around.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6643951/how-could-i-start-a-selenium-browserlike-firefox-minimized&quot;&gt;Reference Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().setPosition(new Point(-2000, 0))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can use PhantomJS for running your test cases, download and install it from this &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/download.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;  and simply change the line &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and you don't need to change any more code. Your browser will run in an hidden mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2609/running-webdriver-without-opening-actual-browser-window&quot;&gt;Reference link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the Robot class and windows shortcut keys for the same (as already mentioned by you).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T14:19:42.310" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15329" CreationDate="2015-11-04T16:20:43.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;your TestNG-failed.xml can be formed similar to the following to run specific (subset of) tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;webapp-webdriver&quot; verbose=&quot;8&quot; data-provider-thread-count=&quot;7&quot; parallel=&quot;tests&quot; thread-count=&quot;7&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;webapp-webdriver&quot; preserve-order=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;firefox&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;org.your.pagetests.ClassName&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;methods&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;include name=&quot;TestName&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;include name=&quot;TestName2&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/methods&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;  &#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-04T16:20:43.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-04T22:09:14.827" Score="3" ViewCount="3140" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am wondering what the best way to structure context injection is.  I know that page objects should be instantiated / disposed of as they are needed (don't initialize all page objs at the start of a test).  I am wondering what the best way of passing a page object around between tests is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Approach one:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Every time you navigate to the new page, just add it to the scenario context  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; [Given(@&quot;I am on the homepage&quot;]&#xA; public void GivenIAmOnTheHomepage(){&#xA;     ScenarioContext.Current.Set(new Homepage().NavigateTo());&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; [Then(@&quot;The homepage should have a banner&quot;]&#xA; public void ThenTheHomepageShouldHaveABanner(){&#xA;    var homepage = ScenarioContext.Current.Get&amp;lt;Homepage&amp;gt;();&#xA;    Assert.IsTrue(homepage.BannerIsDisplayed());&#xA; }     &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you navigate to another page, the homepage isn't disposed  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; [When(@&quot;I click on the FAQ link&quot;)]&#xA; public void WhenIClickOnTheFAQLink(){&#xA;    var homepage = ScenarioContext.Current.Get&amp;lt;Homepage&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;    FAQPage FAQ = homepage.ClickFAQLink();&#xA;    ScenarioContext.Current.Set(FAQ);&#xA;&#xA;    //homepage is not disposed, even though we are no longer on the homepage!&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Approach two:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Store the current page object using a key, use that key to access it every time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; [Given(@&quot;I am on the homepage&quot;]&#xA; public void GivenIAmOnTheHomepage(){&#xA;     ScenarioContext.Current.Set(new Homepage().NavigateTo(), &quot;currentPage&quot;);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; [Then(@&quot;The homepage should have a banner&quot;]&#xA; public void ThenTheHomepageShouldHaveABanner(){&#xA;    var homepage = (Homepage)test[&quot;currentPage&quot;];&#xA;    Assert.IsTrue(homepage.BannerIsDisplayed());&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; [When(@&quot;I click on the FAQ link&quot;)]&#xA; public void WhenIClickOnTheFAQLink(){&#xA;    var homepage = (Homepage)test[&quot;currentPage&quot;];&#xA;&#xA;    FAQPage FAQ = homepage.ClickFAQLink();&#xA;    ScenarioContext.Current.Set(FAQ, &quot;currentPage&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    //homepage is disposed&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is more likely to have typos, and if I want to pass more than just page objects around (like the current customer that we are using, or a promotion code) the number of keys can add up and get confusing. Also, casting the current page every time you want to access it feels messy.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr/&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have any recommendations for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastEditorUserId="8937" LastEditDate="2015-11-04T22:14:32.550" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T09:51:53.617" Title="Specflow and selenium, best practice for passing page objects between steps?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9441" CreationDate="2015-11-05T02:55:47.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try typing this in the textfield, &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#160;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#160&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's regex that replaces these input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;val = val.replace(/&amp;amp;#(\S*)\d;/g, ' ').replace(/&amp;amp;#(\S*)\d/g, ' ');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15152" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:56:13.347" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:56:13.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15496" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T03:21:40.927" Score="0" ViewCount="2276" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    //import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;    //import org.apache.bcel.generic.Select;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;    //import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;    //import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;    //import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;    //import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;    public class Big_Basket {&#xA;&#xA;        public static void main(String []args){&#xA;&#xA;             WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                    driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;                    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;                    driver.get(&quot;http:\\www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;The webpage name is :&quot;+ driver.getTitle());&#xA;&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Big Basket&quot;);&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;btnG&quot;)).click();&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='rso']/div[1]/div/table/tbody/tr[4]/td[1]/div/span/h3/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;The webpage name is :&quot;+ driver.getTitle()); &#xA;&#xA;                    driver.get(&quot;http://bigbasket.com/&quot;);&#xA;                    WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ftv-city-selectboxdiv&quot;));&#xA;                    Select se=new Select(element);&#xA;                    se.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Bangalore&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;area_selection&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                    WebElement element1=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;area_selection&quot;));&#xA;                    Select se1=new Select(element1);&#xA;                    se1.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Jayanagar 4 Block, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India&quot;);&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;area_selection&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Jayanagar 4 Block, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India&quot;);&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;area_selection&quot;)).equals(&quot;Jayanagar 4 Block, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India&quot;);&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;#set_visitor_address&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_q&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id_q&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Apples&quot;);&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='auto_search']/div/form/input[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;                    driver.close();&#xA;                    driver.quit();  &#xA;    }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The error occurring is&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The webpage name is :Google&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;.//*[@id='rso']/div[1]/div/table/tbody/tr[4]/td[1]/div/span/h3/a&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 23 milliseconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.48.2', revision: '41bccdd', time: '2015-10-09 19:55:52'&#xA;System info: host: 'shaheena-PC', ip: '192.168.0.10', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_51'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=true, rotatable=false, handlesAlerts=true, databaseEnabled=true, version=42.0, platform=WINDOWS, nativeEvents=false, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true, locationContextEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;Session ID: bc42f0ec-5a72-4787-8f1b-b585a36de4a0&#xA;*** Element info: {Using=xpath, value=.//*[@id='rso']/div[1]/div/table/tbody/tr[4]/td[1]/div/span/h3/a}&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:206)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:158)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:647)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:353)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByXPath(RemoteWebDriver.java:490)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByXPath.findElement(By.java:361)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:345)&#xA;    at Big_Basket.main(Big_Basket.java:29)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;.//*[@id='rso']/div[1]/div/table/tbody/tr[4]/td[1]/div/span/h3/a&quot;}&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.48.2', revision: '41bccdd', time: '2015-10-09 19:55:52'&#xA;System info: host: 'shaheena-PC', ip: '192.168.0.10', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_51'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_(file:///C:/Users/shaheena/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous518124023766071695webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10659)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElement(file:///C:/Users/shaheena/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous518124023766071695webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10668)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h(file:///C:/Users/shaheena/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous518124023766071695webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12534)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_(file:///C:/Users/shaheena/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous518124023766071695webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12539)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/&amp;lt;(file:///C:/Users/shaheena/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous518124023766071695webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12481)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used all locators type to find element again i'm getting same error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15153" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T15:21:10.917" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T15:21:10.917" Title="unable to find element" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15496" CreationDate="2015-11-05T04:18:57.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are using incorrect xpath syntax to click on link , Correct code is : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Big Basket&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;btnG&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='rso']/div[1]/div/table/tbody/tr[4]/td[1]/div/span/h3/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have removed .(dot) from your xpath and it is working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T04:18:57.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15522" CreationDate="2015-11-05T05:26:35.320" Score="2" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a new mobile application testing tool called SeeTest. We have done a feasibility study and decided to opt for SeeTest as tool of choice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we are facing few challenges I would distribute them into different questions so that it is easier to focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, since SeeTest is a wonderful tool and famous for reducing lines of code to be written ( by using code export). I know it’s very comfortable, but I am equally fearful that it might cause issues once the automation test scripts starts piling on. So my question is recording and exporting the scripts a good option and what are the consequences of using it extensively in the project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Addendum: Tool supports creating projects, recording and storing multiple scripts into it, but am planning to export the code in Java and to use Eclipse IDE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15154" LastEditorUserId="15154" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T05:43:07.110" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T23:13:08.723" Title="SeeTestAutomation: Is code export/record the correct way ? What are cons?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T07:11:20.897" Score="2" ViewCount="23369" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to build a framework using Selenium. There is a scenario where I need to download a file, and there is another where I need to upload one.&#xA;I've gone through the option in AutoIt, but it doesn't allow me to put in a varying filename. Then I came across Robot where in I can send custom strings. &#xA;However, for some reason, the piece of code is not entering text into the field.&#xA;I see that the cursor is in the field, but the text is not getting entered. &#xA;What could be the reason?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, is there an option to make the mouse click on a particular button, say Open/Cancel using Robot?(Just like AutoIT can do)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    String text = &quot;sampledoc.txt&quot;;&#xA;    StringSelection stringSelection = new StringSelection(text);&#xA;    Clipboard clipboard = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard();&#xA;    clipboard.setContents(stringSelection, stringSelection);&#xA;&#xA;    r.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;    r.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;    r.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;    r.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15138" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T16:43:10.377" Title="How to handle file upload and download using Robot Class?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15501" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T07:41:02.043" Score="2" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running a load test from JMeter and uploads the results to Loadosophia using the Loadosophia.org Uploader plugin. I use stepping thread groups to achieve a ramp-up period of about 35 seconds during which I add 12 threads. These 12 threads then loop thru the different requests for 10 minutes. If I monitor the test in JMeter while running it I can see in the top right corner that 12/12 threads are active for that period. However, in Loadosophia it says that my average virtual user count is around 6.2 and if I look at the virtual user graph I can see that is going up to 7 then down to 3 then up again etc... I don't get a flat line at 12 virtual users in the graphs in Loadosophia. Can someone explain to me why I see these results in Loadosophia?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15157" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:27:25.620" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:27:25.620" Title="Loadosophia Virtual Users not correct?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15494" CreationDate="2015-11-05T09:51:53.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Spinach and write tests in Ruby but I face the same issues when writing my tests - looks like managing page object context across the steps is a common problem when using Cucumber-like BDD frameworks. I think one can hardly find a perfect and universal solution for this one. All of them have their pros and cons. I tried several approaches (the code snippets are in Ruby but the logic behind is very much the same):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach 1&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;code&gt;current_page&lt;/code&gt; approach (which you also described) seems to be widely used. The main idea is to pass the page object context in the instance variable and change it in page objects when you call the method which navigates to another page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;step 'I am on the homepage' do&#xA;  @current_page = Pages::Homepage.new&#xA;  @current_page.should be_loaded&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;step 'I go to the contact page' do&#xA;  @current_page = @current_page.go_to_contact_page&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;step 'I should be on the contact page' do&#xA;  @current_page.should be_contact_page&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the context switching happens on the PageObject side:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def go_to_contact_page&#xA;  @session.find('.contact-page-link').click&#xA;  Pages::ContactPage.new #returning new contact page to the @current_page&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this approach is quite elegant and is especially good for the wizard-like flows where you have to go through several steps (like purchasing an item, for example). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, for applications with more complicated logic, especially when the amount of tests grows and you start to re-use some steps between several test scenarios to avoid code duplications you start facing some issues when in some step you expect one page object in &lt;code&gt;@current_page&lt;/code&gt; but you get another one. Debugging and maintaining such tests becomes a real pain sometimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach 2&lt;/strong&gt;: just initiate a new page object in every step and do not use the instance variables. In this case you always know which page object you are using in current step. This is especially important for shared steps (I don't know how it works in SpecFlow but in Spinach you have to store shared steps in separate files):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;step 'I am on the homepage' do&#xA;  homepage = Pages::Homepage.new&#xA;  homepage.should be_loaded&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;step 'I go to the contact page' do&#xA;  homepage = Pages::Homepage.new&#xA;  homepage.go_to_contact_page&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;step 'I should be on the contact page' do&#xA;  contact_page = Pages::ContactPage.new&#xA;  contact_page.should be_loaded&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I mentioned, this looks more clear but at the same point too verbose. Also, in the tests with a lot of steps you will create a lot of objects in the memory which might be bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach 3&lt;/strong&gt;: the one you said to be anti-pattern but I don't really think so: initiating all PageObjects at the beginning of the test. In Spinach this could be done using &lt;code&gt;before&lt;/code&gt; hooks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;before do&#xA;  @home_page = Pages::HomePage.new&#xA;  @contact_page = Pages::ContactPage.new&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;step 'I am on the homepage' do&#xA;  @homepage.should be_loaded&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;step 'I go to the contact page' do&#xA;  @homepage.go_to_contact_page&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;step 'I should be on the contact page' do&#xA;  @contact_page.should be_loaded&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, tests are less verbose and you create less objects. This will not work if you need to pass some unique parameters when initializing the PageObject but from my experience you need this very rarely (and still, you can use a mix of two approaches in this case).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that my answer is not providing a perfect solution for your problem but as I mentioned I don't believe there is a perfect and universal one. I think it will give some food for thought anyway. Looking forward to hear about this from others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14489" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T09:51:53.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15504" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T11:01:12.697" Score="1" ViewCount="393" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a PHP web application, with base language English and native support for Japanese &amp;amp; Chinese. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We want to automate some part of it's localization testing, such as&#xA;Link text, button text validation. (This seems doable with selenium).     However, how we should verify the texts with big paragraphs e.g. FAQs?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Also, we have a team in Japan which provides translation on PHP page&#xA;itself.( Ideal would be to send it in key-value pair). How should I transform such files so that I can easily refer in code?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What would be the set of use cases that we can think of automating?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14297" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T10:25:01.177" Title="What all use cases we can automate in localization testing_selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14028" CreationDate="2015-11-05T11:43:02.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;can we use Android Studio plus Appium?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Yes! you can. Lets break down things here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium: A driver for your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android Studio: A code editor(IDE) built for Android. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the example of using the java driver for Appium. Now what we are really doing is running unit tests in Java. That's all it does at the base. These unit tests, are in turn capable of automating the android controls. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you say that you want to use Appium in Android studio, what you can do is create a new java module and start writing your tests in that. If you already happen to have an android project source code, then also just add that java module into the project and start writing your tests there. You can treat it as a normal java project and run the tests from Android studio run button, as you would do in eclipse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4254" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T11:43:02.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15506" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-11-05T11:59:50.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;SeeTest is a set of tools developed by &lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Experitest&lt;/a&gt; for mobile device automated and manual functional testing and performance testing. Including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SeeTest Automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SeeTest Manual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SeeTest Cloud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SeeTest Network Virtualization&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadRunner for mobile load testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T09:49:42.280" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T09:49:42.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15507" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-11-05T11:59:50.357" Score="0" Body="SeeTest is a set of tools developed by Experitest for mobile device automated and manual functional testing and performance testing." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T09:49:21.527" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T09:49:21.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T12:04:15.740" Score="2" ViewCount="1625" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to get code coverage of my android app using jococo and appium? From what I understand, Appium takes the built apk and uses that for running the tests. So, is there any way around this so that we can enable code coverage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4254" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T01:28:46.503" Title="Can Appium be used to test code coverage with Jococo for android?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15545" CreationDate="2015-11-05T12:19:02.737" Score="6" ViewCount="44163" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Selenium is it possible to identify the object by its type?&#xA;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;FirstName&quot; value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here can I identity the above element by its type of &quot;text&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14795" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T09:49:45.407" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T03:11:46.147" Title="Selenium how to identify an object by its type?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15486" CreationDate="2015-11-05T12:19:53.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the two tend to be interchangeable but if you are studying for the ISTQB Foundations exam they will give specific definitions for each one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, from my experience people in your team will always ask for test cases, I've never actually heard test scripts being referred to. (outside of Automated Test cases/scripts)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5297" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T12:19:53.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15511" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15577" CreationDate="2015-11-05T13:01:27.443" Score="2" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying nowadays to make both MTM &amp;amp; clear quest &quot;ALM&quot; synchronized in other words I am trying to import defects to MTM and also when trying to add a new one will sync to Clear quest directly and also  can see defects on MTM and when generating a report from MTM Can see both test cases and defects submitted and their status. &#xA;I tried Integration tool but i didn't reach a good result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T19:32:40.487" Title="How to Make Microsoft Test Manager and Clear quest synchronized" Tags="&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15509" CreationDate="2015-11-05T13:05:59.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can identiy a page element like that with  a css selector&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[type='text']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T13:05:59.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15509" CreationDate="2015-11-05T15:10:57.907" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are the answer to your questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Selenium is it possible to identify the object by its type. Ex;&#xA;  Here do we able to identity above object by its type call text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible to identify the objects by its type. As already mentioned by @Michael Durrant, you can use the CssSelector for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type='text']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Then do we able to count how may object were on the page where its&#xA;  type is text. Lets say some time page may contain more than one object&#xA;  which type is text. So I need the count in that case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, this too is possible using Selenium. You need to use the following code for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int i = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type='text']&quot;)).size(); //this will provide the number of elements with mentioned type&#xA;System.out.println(i);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finally do we able to do separate action after identify those objects.&#xA;  Lest say i need to enter difference values into text fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This you can do in a multiple ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 1:&lt;/strong&gt; Using the index of the elements. Once you know the number of elements you can set different value of each element using their index position e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type='text']&quot;)).get(1).sendKeys(&quot;Name&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, index of elements will start from '0', so if there are 4 elements on your page; then their indexes will be 0, 1, 2, 3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 2:&lt;/strong&gt; Store your elements to a Array list and then set value of these list elements. You can use CSV/Excel or any other external file too for setting value of these list elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type='text']&quot;)).toArray();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T15:19:27.400" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T15:19:27.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15478" CreationDate="2015-11-05T16:21:54.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So after some deliberations and code changes (not much), I was able to port the HTMLRunnner code to Python 3.0+ compatible mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ran a simple test suite using the HTMLRunner and I can see an HTML report created out of it. It's not as fancy as Allure but it does the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option suggested by @Amazpyel is Nose, although I haven't tried it out yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any body wants to use the HTMLRunner Python 3.0+ code, here it is in my GIT : &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/zac11/HTMLRunner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTMLRunner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T16:36:42.333" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T16:36:42.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15515" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T17:24:56.297" Score="0" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to adhere to the fail-fast methodology when writing automated end-to-end tests, but there's a problem I see with the methodology that I'm not sure how to get around. What happens when there are multiple unrelated points of failure in a test that are introduced at the same time? Your test will fail fast on the first one and not run to completion, so you won't know about the rest of them. You won't be able to even find out about the rest of them until the first point of failure is fixed. This can lead to a frustrating back-and-forth with developers as they fix one problem and you immediately bring them a new one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specific scenario I'm thinking of is entering data into a form on a webpage. If the DOM properties you use to access elements on the page have changed for some reason and your test can no longer find them, wouldn't you rather know about all of them at once, so you can bring a list of them to the developer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5581" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T18:51:30.287" Title="Fail-fast methodology when there are multiple points of failure in a test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15515" CreationDate="2015-11-05T18:11:53.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How you handle this is largely based on your tool set. Many tools have a continue on failure option for each test step. What might help in these cases is before doing a test that interacts with elements, first do an element verification test. I got into this habit when using Telerik Test Studio, which saves the element locators in a repository of sorts I can update all the ones that failed in the element verification test and they would then work for any tests that called those element locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T18:11:53.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15518" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T21:38:02.687" Score="0" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the website I'm testing, when I do fill few forms and submit, it  creates a file in the file system. I was able to record all the steps filling the form but later I have to validate if the file is created. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I validate if the file is created using MTM?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T03:36:22.487" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T04:54:44.380" Title="How to detect if the file was created in the file system using MTM?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15519" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T21:51:17.533" Score="0" ViewCount="613" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to Put paramaters for the MTM test case in excel sheet and call them instead of having them by defining @parameter in test case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can it be done by coded UI ? if so how and where to change the file location?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T17:04:32.860" Title="Instead of Putting Parameters in the Test case of MTM Can i have them in excel sheet?" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15520" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-05T21:57:31.250" Score="1" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I create 2 test cases and run individually in MTM it works fine but when I make them as shared script and put them in one single script file and try to run it. It types same character in the input text box again and finally fails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for ex : instead of typing &quot;Software&quot; it types &quot;SSSoooftware&quot; some thing like that and fails the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T13:56:46.870" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T13:56:46.870" Title="When I create 2 test case and record, it works fine individually but when I make them as 2 shared scripts it fails" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15498" CreationDate="2015-11-05T22:30:50.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Happy to answer a SeeTest Automation tool related question, have been working with the tool for almost 2 years now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with you on SeeTest Automation being a wonderful tool , but I would say a No-No to just doing record and code export.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well the good thing here is you have just started the project and I believe you haven’t put efforts on creating test scripts (now if you have put in lots of efforts, am sorry you might want to put some rework into it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if you have seen SeeTest scripts there are many lines of code which are repetitive like creating a ‘Client’ variable instance, setting device, setting android version, setting device speed and many more. Now each of your script needn’t do all these start-up tasks, may be you separate it out and place in a class file and use it wherever required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code exports usually contains lots of locators with xpath, you might want to reduce that wherever possible. Xpath are known to cause performance issues and creates flaky test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abstraction is an important concept while creating your test scripts; I feel you should use Page Object Model Pattern, may be separate out all app functions into a different class say a Function Library class, this way of creating multiple layers of classes and spreading data across them will reduce maintenance work which will kick in once your project plans a new release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to conclude I would suggest you to use code export wisely, there are scenarios where recording is useful like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locating few tricky elements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simulating complex user actions on Mobile Apps like Swipe, Pinch or few others.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use code export but do a code refactoring (as mentioned above) once you put in the IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="14370" LastEditDate="2015-11-05T23:13:08.723" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T23:13:08.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15519" CreationDate="2015-11-05T22:35:14.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, this can be done using CodedUI.  There is an excellent, step-by-step instruction here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee624082.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee624082.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the DataSource examples at the bottom to see how to specify the file location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1803" LastActivityDate="2015-11-05T22:35:14.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15508" CreationDate="2015-11-06T01:28:46.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it’s possible to get code coverage using Appium.  We had similar issue few years back on using Appium and Emma (not Jococo, but I believe your problem can be solved using the same technique used by my team).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the instrumentation detail, in console type &quot;adb shell pm list instrumentation&quot; after you installed the instrumented app on to your device/emulator. Copy the whole path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;desiredCapabilities.setCapability(&quot;androidCoverage&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;instrumentation &amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call this method when your test case is end and just before you quit the driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.endTestCoverage(&quot;com.intuit.turbotaxuniversal.END_EMMA&quot;, &quot;/data/local/coverage/coverage.ec&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also refer to following commits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium/issues/1889&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/appium/appium/issues/1889&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/0.18.x/docs/en/android_coverage.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/0.18.x/docs/en/android_coverage.md&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T01:28:46.503" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15389" CreationDate="2015-11-06T04:51:15.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do it with burp :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just make sure that you check Rest style url parameters &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jbn1Q.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jbn1Q.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps you can do were :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)intercept the request with proxy of burp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)Right click navigate to engagement tools --&gt;CSRF poc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)generate a csrf token with invalid/vulnerable parameters&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4)check with browser to get the request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detailed part can be found &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.portswigger.net/customer/portal/articles/1965674-Methodology_Cross-Site%20Request%20Forgery%20%28CSRF%29.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2859" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T04:51:15.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15526" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-06T05:25:53.603" Score="0" ViewCount="7457" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are the three most popular design patterns in JAVA. Most Selenium WebDriver projects are build on these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the difference between these three, with examples?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does Choosing a pattern also depends on kind of project you want to automate? Example if it is shopping, social networking etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Structural(Skeleton) difference? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2094211/difference-between-singleton-and-factory-pattern&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2094211/difference-between-singleton-and-factory-pattern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but couldn't understand and came out with these questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T12:23:41.373" Title="Difference between Singleton, POM, Abstract design patterns" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-06T06:48:14.263" Score="0" ViewCount="18338" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on Automation project for E-commerce site. In some pages unexpected popup's(ex:ad's) are displaying. Because of that my script was failing by throwing exceptions like &lt;code&gt;ElementNotFoundException&lt;/code&gt; and currently &lt;code&gt;Element is not Interactable&lt;/code&gt; etc.. . Here these ad's are not specific to particular page. It may come at any page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know, Is there any way to handle these type of scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:25:27.977" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:26:29.530" Title="Handling the unexpected popup ad's in website" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15532" CreationDate="2015-11-06T07:59:57.157" Score="1" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example : Multilingual sites can not be checked manually ,because it will take more time and slows down process, so we test them by automated tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it also not possible to test multi-threaded and multitasking systems manually ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if no then why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15137" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T08:47:23.637" LastActivityDate="2015-11-08T08:07:12.300" Title="can we manually test multithreaded and multitasking system?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15519" CreationDate="2015-11-06T08:51:05.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like something on the lines that you are after has been implemented in the 2014/2015 branch. I`ll leave some links below so you can take a look for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently on 2012 and I don`t have that. It looks like we might need to upgrade :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997832.aspx#SharedParameters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997832.aspx#SharedParameters&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/news/2014-may-20-vso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/news/2014-may-20-vso&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/news/2014-apr-3-vso&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/news/2014-apr-3-vso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T08:51:05.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15528" CreationDate="2015-11-06T10:27:13.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is your application ? how loaded do you expect it to be ? what are the risks involved ? can you and the stakeholders tolerate some bugs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can manually test something, even on large scale, using crowd sourcing services, or even by testing in production an alpha version by selected users. If the expected load is not high than you can even do it using a few of you coworkers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T12:03:56.123" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T12:03:56.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15534" CreationDate="2015-11-06T10:43:36.743" Score="0" ViewCount="3411" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I click &quot;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&quot;'s &lt;kbd&gt;Start&lt;/kbd&gt; button, there is a popup telling me that the cert is created in the bin folder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TOX2f.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TOX2f.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the bin folder I see two files:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.usr&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both files are 1326 bytes and are BeyondCompare states that they are &lt;strong&gt;identical&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----&#xA;MIIDmjCCAoKgAwIBAgIEZrkKjTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADB1MQswCQYDVQQGEwJTRzEaMBgGA1UE&#xA;CxMRVXNlcm5hbWU6IE1RQWRtaW4xSjBIBgNVBAMMQV8gRE8gTk9UIElOU1RBTEwgdW5sZXNzIHRo&#xA;aXMgaXMgeW91ciBjZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZSAoSk1ldGVyIHJvb3QgQ0EpMB4XDTE1MTEwNjEwMDIxM1oX&#xA;DTE1MTExMzEwMDIxM1owdTELMAkGA1UEBhMCU0cxGjAYBgNVBAsTEVVzZXJuYW1lOiBNUUFkbWlu&#xA;MUowSAYDVQQDDEFfIERPIE5PVCBJTlNUQUxMIHVubGVzcyB0aGlzIGlzIHlvdXIgY2VydGlmaWNh&#xA;dGUgKEpNZXRlciByb290IENBKTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAJ5uaWRG&#xA;m5W5LFHdP7KXrv8yUwIFQfDOY2u7WGuFNarkJWywABLFNvAJcYBrpJPrKxuyC0quOB9x3ZmQ5QZi&#xA;MFW/mgFhk3G+Om4kvUfMhnmmdI7cTU6rE/9h3bh12V8ZU8Emo+xVftHeMQPy4vapm5ueyoUSHDJv&#xA;bZquuml7mb8i6JVLW828PorD7Q0tNT2IgxXaD3Jpt3CKjh0XCbj5EPTgeyXaghKvcWR/B3jV6Jvm&#xA;1X/FY9L58Ls++b+TxiNY9DGJ2bMKenFcRhqHmzQrxsi7JtedIUknG9IgD7VDewKi8Oil7HiPza8H&#xA;nYEX5F9TKt3szmxCQqZ65X6+4U2fAA0CAwEAAaMyMDAwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAdBgNVHQ4E&#xA;FgQUR0eMaOT6l3KAykUQb82Eo61XuwkwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggEBAHEwHrT2vUaamyIkMcF3&#xA;8ob2GU9NR8tIJR0MZI32K92yfGT6bGINiLZjIXjGJBS8obeg2CPjBhCe3BHZxZUpAXuIePkm1mk6&#xA;h5m2LwMwfGxKKsLtQdiMPJSf8TO+O2oQZzlpR8k1SLStSN3A7p68XthfvNBijsKhR86mj1J5IM28&#xA;0CmjhzcTujZsY4Vkk0+SrKhGkiIBjN+x+nh023iuDdNvW24nBKgMPrGTIBH8TqwMHP0z+Jv7awoe&#xA;ApCbXHlmeuM0ZtPwu6NLxnrFKC/FlPVkY/rqoCtSPSnHUch0qMS0GM9UEDwzI/8pmIEdY5KxAvJN&#xA;fc8/SE8tqyU0ghpWO9w=&#xA;-----END CERTIFICATE-----&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure, 'ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt' holds the cert info. But why does JMeter generate two identical files?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the purpose of 'ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.usr'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&#xA;&amp;bull; Tested on v2.13 r1665067.&#xA;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11978" LastEditorUserId="11978" LastEditDate="2015-11-06T11:14:28.170" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T11:14:28.170" Title="JMeter's ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt vs ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.usr" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15533" CreationDate="2015-11-06T10:55:20.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This certificate is for browsers Firefox,Chrome and Internet explorer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List item&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.usr&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This certificate is for browser opera.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference 1  : &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter Recording and Certificates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference 2 : &lt;a href=&quot;http://qnalist.com/questions/4534395/ssl-proxy-recording-does-not-work-with-opera-yet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter Certificates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T10:55:20.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15519" CreationDate="2015-11-06T15:25:41.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you will not be able to do this using MTM only i.e. using the MTM functionality you can't feed your test cases with external sources like an Excel/CSV etc, atleast till version 2013 this functionality is not available. MTM is just a simple recorder which has been designed and provided to help manual tester to ease and accelerate their job of manual testing. All validations (Pass/Fail) still needs to done manually by the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to do Data Driven testing, then you need to take your test cases one step ahead by using Coded UI, it will provide you a lot of features, frameworks and flexibility for creating and maintaining test cases. Using Coded UI you will have two options of doing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One is to use the record and playback functionality of Coded UI and then generating code from the recorded test cases. Even, in this step you can save time by using the already recorded test cases of MTM and converting them to Coded UI. You just need to select the option '&lt;strong&gt;Use an existing action recording'&lt;/strong&gt; over the code generation screen and it will save your time of recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8LDGI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8LDGI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By this way your test cases will be available in both MTM and Coded UI.&#xA;Reference links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee624082.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Already mentioned in earlier answer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://decisivedata.net/blog/data-driven-coded-ui-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://decisivedata.net/blog/data-driven-coded-ui-test/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to use the excel sheet via code in Coded UI test cases. For this you need to write code for using the excel file and pass it to your fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23269093/data-driven-coded-ui-test-with-excel-file-as-a-data-source&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23269093/data-driven-coded-ui-test-with-excel-file-as-a-data-source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T15:25:41.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15518" CreationDate="2015-11-06T17:18:11.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I want to tell you that MTM offers a very limited functionality for automating the test cases. It has been designed just to ease and accelerate the test execution job manual testers or you can say its purpose is to increase the speed and number of iterations of manual test cases, which can work by simple record and playback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, coming to your issue. Answer to your problem is somewhat not good or efficient to implement using MTM, it depends upon upto what extent you are fine with automation provided by MTM for your mentioned test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case 1:&lt;/strong&gt; If you just want to validate if the file is created and stored somewhere (downloaded) on the system, then you can do that using MTM; as it will record all (almost all) your desktop actions too. So you can navigate to the folder (Downloads or other) and can see if your file is downloaded or not. But, I afraid that you may not be able to validate the name of the file using MTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case 2:&lt;/strong&gt; If your file is create somewhere on the server and its name is getting displayed on your web application's page or any field over the web application, then you need to provide the exact name of that field (using Firebug or IE Developer tool bar) in your test case and then during execution MTM will provide the value of that field. So, you will get the value of file name field (i.e. name of the file created) and from there you will know that file has been created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997706.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997706.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997832(v=vs.120).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997832(v=vs.120).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case 3:&lt;/strong&gt; If your file is created on the server and it's name is not getting displayed on the UI, but it is getting stored in the DB or you want to apply some kind of validation over the file name, then you need to use Coded UI for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See, MTM use is restricted to filling forms, clicking buttons, links etc. and providing multiple parameters by inserting multiple rows in the test case for running same test case more number of times. If you want to go beyond these functionalities, then you need to jump over Coded UI or other tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; All above content is related to MTM 2013, as I have used that version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T17:18:11.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15527" CreationDate="2015-11-06T18:14:31.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please let me know, Is there any way to handle these type of scenario's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on your toolset, you could check for the pop-up and close it if it exists (with each page load). If it's a modal (and not an alert or new window) that will be a bit easier, especially in Selenium (or Selenium IDE with the SideFlow plugin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T18:14:31.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15526" CreationDate="2015-11-06T18:31:36.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the difference between these three, with examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look at the wiki pages for each; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Singleton&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Maven#Project_Object_Model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;POM&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_factory_pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Abstract&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In software engineering, the &lt;strong&gt;singleton pattern&lt;/strong&gt; is a design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to one object. This is&#xA;useful when exactly one object is needed to coordinate actions across&#xA;the system. The concept is sometimes generalized to systems that&#xA;operate more efficiently when only one object exists, or that&#xA;restrict the instantiation to a certain number of objects. The term&#xA;comes from the mathematical concept of a singleton.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A Project Object Model (POM)&lt;/strong&gt; provides all the configuration for a single project. General configuration covers the project's name, its owner and its dependencies on other projects. One can also configure individual phases of the build process, which are implemented as plugins. For example, one can configure the compiler-plugin to use Java version 1.5 for compilation, or specify packaging the project even if some unit tests fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;abstract factory pattern&lt;/strong&gt; provides a way to encapsulate a group of individual factories that have a common theme without specifying their concrete classes. In normal usage, the client software creates a concrete implementation of the abstract factory and then uses the generic interface of the factory to create the concrete objects that are part of the theme. The client doesn't know (or care) which concrete objects it gets from each of these internal factories, since it uses only the generic interfaces of their products. This pattern separates the details of implementation of a set of objects from their general usage and relies on object composition, as object creation is implemented in methods exposed in the factory interface.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does Choosing a pattern also depends on kind of project you want to automate? Example if it is shopping, social networking etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you read the wikis it should be clear depending on your project, it's not necessarily the project type in the sense that you asked. It more a choice of how you need to instantiate and use the object(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Structural(Skeleton) difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, this ought to be made clear by looking over the definitions and examples of the wiki articles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T18:31:36.677" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15541" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15543" CreationDate="2015-11-06T19:57:39.737" Score="9" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're trying to define the process for cross-browser testing testing done by developers before handing off to QA. There's a point where you don't necessarily want a developer doing all the testing themselves, but they should be doing some basic verification on the work they've done. My question is what is a good way to define that point where the dev has done enough testing to hand off? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11153" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T12:43:52.300" Title="Dividing line for developers on cross browser testing before handing off to QA" Tags="&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15541" CreationDate="2015-11-06T20:42:40.907" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;TL DR: Establish a baseline, tinker, and react.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general developers should not worry too much about cross browser testing. Yes, it's a problem, and yes, they need to be aware of it, but I would keep it to a minimum. Let them focus on great functionality first, and not that developers shouldn't care about quality (because they totally should!) but in general they should defer that to the experts in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are obvious cases where they should. If they're fixing a bug specific to a browser or browser version, clearly they need to test on that browser and version. Ideally they check the other browsers in this case too, since cross browser bugs are most likely to produce other cross browser bugs when you fix them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okay, so there's one side that says leave it all to the QA, and one that says obviously there's a little that devs have to do. &lt;strong&gt;Where is the happy medium?&lt;/strong&gt; And the only answer to that depends greatly on your individual organization. You can learn this only through uncontrolled experimentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start off with very little cross browser testing (and, in general, other types of unexpected developer testing). After gathering metrics for a few sprints or releases, identify the types of testing that would have caught these bugs faster. It might be cross browser testing. It might only be one or two browsers that often cause problems. It might be ones that interface with a certain other system. Modify the developer's test scripts they follow to include those specific kinds of tests. Then wait to see if your rates in those areas go down &lt;em&gt;significantly&lt;/em&gt;. And the significantly part is important. If you've increased your developer testing time by 10% for a 10% drop in bugs in that area, &lt;em&gt;I'd say&lt;/em&gt; that's a loss (because that developer time could have been spent on a dedicated QA person who would have probably caught more). If you drop by 50% in that area, suddenly it starts to pay off more. But what I think doesn't matter. It's about what's best for &lt;em&gt;your organization&lt;/em&gt; that does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the thresholds are will be determined by the costs incurred by your organization in terms of how much faster bugs get fixed, how many fewer bugs are reported, and more importantly how the schedule is impacted. (That's the goal, right? Reduce bugs so developers don't spend their time re-coding what they already did?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Like so many things in SQA, you have to establish a baseline, tinker, and react.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-11-06T20:42:40.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-06T22:17:00.770" Score="1" ViewCount="30952" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning selenium and writing automation script for &lt;a href=&quot;http://store.demoqa.com/products-page/your-account/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get value of the error message, I identified &lt;code&gt;Error Message WebElement&lt;/code&gt; using xpath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;.//*[@id='ajax_loginform']/p[@class='response']&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using the &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;getAttribute(&quot;innerhtml&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; functions but both return null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sure that the Error Message is identified because TestNG told me that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way when I use following xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;.//*[@id='ajax_loginform']/p[contains(text(), 'ERROR')]&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the &lt;code&gt;Error Message&lt;/code&gt; is not identified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my java test code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginVerification {&#xA;&#xA;private WebDriver driver;&#xA;private String baseURL = &quot;http://store.demoqa.com/&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Login Data&quot;)&#xA;public static Object[][] loginData(){&#xA;&#xA;    return new Object[][]{{&quot;admin&quot;, &quot;password&quot;}, {&quot;tester&quot;, &quot;password&quot;}};&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void configure(){&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(baseURL);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//Verify that user cannot login with invalid account&#xA;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;Login Data&quot;)&#xA;public void verifyUserCannotLoginWithInvalidAccount(String username, String password){&#xA;    //Click on My account link&#xA;    WebElement myAccountLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='account']/a&quot;));&#xA;    myAccountLink.click();&#xA;&#xA;    //input username, password&#xA;    WebElement usernameTextbox = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;    usernameTextbox.sendKeys(username);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement passwordTextbox = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;    passwordTextbox.sendKeys(password);&#xA;&#xA;    //click login button&#xA;    WebElement loginButton = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login&quot;));&#xA;    loginButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;    //verify that &quot;ERROR: Invalid login credentials.&quot; display&#xA;    WebElement errorMessage = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ajax_loginform']/p[@class='response']&quot;));&#xA;    String innerHTML = errorMessage.getAttribute(&quot;innerhtml&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(innerHTML);&#xA;    System.out.println(errorMessage.getText());&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(errorMessage.getText(), &quot;ERROR: Invalid login credentials.&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@AfterTest&#xA;public void cleanUp(){&#xA;    //driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3QqPZfCExA6YXdybHJjS0dBV00/view?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is my project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15173" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T09:03:06.790" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T11:16:41.087" Title="Get Text of a WebElement" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15509" CreationDate="2015-11-07T03:11:46.147" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A slightly different interpretation of the question just in case :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say you have already located one or more elements in your test and you want to identify them by their 'type' html attribute...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Lets locate the first found input tag&#xA;WebElement someElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input&quot;)); &#xA;&#xA;// And now lets store it's type&#xA;String typeOfElement = someElement.getAttribute(&quot;type&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you want to deal with a list of elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Locate all input tags on the page&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; someElements = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;input&quot;)); &#xA;&#xA;// Now iterate through them and check for our desired match&#xA;for (WebElement anElement : someElements) {&#xA;    if (anElement.getAttribute(&quot;type&quot;).equals(&quot;text&quot;)) {&#xA;        // Do something&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T03:11:46.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15544" CreationDate="2015-11-07T03:33:04.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I solved the first problem by using &lt;strong&gt;explicitly Wait&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//wait until error message display&#xA;    expliciticWait.until(&#xA;            ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(&#xA;                    By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ajax_loginform']/p[@class='response']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    //verify that &quot;ERROR: Invalid login credentials.&quot; display&#xA;    WebElement errorMessage = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ajax_loginform']/p[@class='response']&quot;));&#xA;    String innerHTML = errorMessage.getAttribute(&quot;innerhtml&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(innerHTML);&#xA;    System.out.println(errorMessage.getText());&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(errorMessage.getText(), &quot;ERROR: Invalid login credentials.&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the second problem is when I identify error message using following XPath expression still not solved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;.//*[@id='ajax_loginform']/p[contains(text(), 'ERROR']&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to use this XPath expression because the web updates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15173" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-14T11:16:09.540" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T11:16:09.540" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15547" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15556" CreationDate="2015-11-07T07:10:28.980" Score="6" ViewCount="3414" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have been doing automation testing since last 2 years and I am following below ways for any website and mobile application automation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create Global Method class where I implement all test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create class for constant values where I put all constant values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create Utility package and Add class under it to invoke browser and webdriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I do data driven and all within global method class.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above is easy for me and also easy to maintain as well. But When I look at Page Object Model , I got confuse because many people are saying page model object is easy to manage but how? It require to create methods for each field and becomes long time taking when we have form with 100+ fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have checked page object model example &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Please help me that how can I decide that which model I should use for automation. I know it is depends in project and requirements but still I need some good hints. And Suggest other models also if suitable.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T06:40:19.970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T06:40:19.970" Title="Use Page Object vs other models for Automation in Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2015-11-11T03:58:23.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15541" CreationDate="2015-11-07T12:38:48.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a good question with no &quot;right&quot; answer as a great many factors come into play and the right answer depends on your individual situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Factors to consider are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer:qa ratio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer group size&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;company size and resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;amount of javascript in the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;current browser usage of your software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer uniformity of local browsers used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automation and continuous integration of UI tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to run automated UI tests with alternative drivers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tools used for cross-browser testing and their availability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tools available to developers for easy cross browser testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;availability of developers to spend time not coding the back end&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to run automated UI tests with alternative browser drivers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I call it 'the dev-qa slide' ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-11-07T12:43:52.300" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T12:43:52.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8430" CreationDate="2015-11-07T12:51:10.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I've asked the PM to help find the steps, and he responded that he wouldn't be able to do any more than I to find it, so would be not helpful to try.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are in an unfortunate, but fairly clear situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do not have enough information to reproduce the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need more information and steps to reproduce from the PM and or the customer(s).  If political or organizational issues are screwing this up, that is unfortunate (and very common).  But it doesn't change the facts.  You need more information.  Keep the message the same and keep calm.  Talk to your PM and be clear - you cannot fix a bug you cannot reproduce and you cannot currently reproduce.  Sound like a 'broken record' and stick your ground.  Reject &quot;well, do your best&quot; messages politely with &quot;I've done my best and I can't reproduce it&quot;.  then say nothing and allow for an awkward silence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T12:51:10.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13783" CreationDate="2015-11-07T13:00:27.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile QA I focus on the testing quadrants&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OhqSQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OhqSQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I focus on my developers doing a good job in Q1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I work to write good automated UI tests in selenium and capybara for Q2&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Exploratory testing is essential and is represented in Q3&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Performance and load in Q4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For exploratory testing (Q3) this is where I cover those 'hard to cover',. 'not worth automating', 'visual', 'judgement involved', 'domain knowledge required' forms of exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The quadrant helps me keep track of all the relevant areas to consider in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also refer you to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&lt;/a&gt; which includes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To further explain, comparison can be made of freestyle exploratory testing to its antithesis scripted testing. In the latter activity test cases are designed in advance. This includes both the individual steps and the expected results. These tests are later performed by a tester who compares the actual result with the expected. When performing exploratory testing, expectations are open. Some results may be predicted and expected; others may not. The tester configures, operates, observes, and evaluates the product and its behaviour, critically investigating the result, and reporting information that seems likely to be a bug (which threatens the value of the product to some person) or an issue (which threatens the quality of the testing effort).&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-07T13:00:27.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15568" CreationDate="2015-11-07T14:20:20.823" Score="11" ViewCount="2274" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is exact difference between TDD and BDD? Could you please briefly explain them to me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15175" LastEditorUserId="12085" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T20:49:52.043" LastActivityDate="2020-11-23T07:52:46.160" Title="What is exact difference between TDD and BDD?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15551" CreationDate="2015-11-07T18:05:45.710" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both are a form of test driven development, since you write the tests upfront. The main difference is that TDD tests are technical tests often &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;unit-tests&lt;/a&gt; created during developing of a feature and are written just before you implement a part of the feature in the code-base. Where BDD tests are often written before the coding starts and are human readable and anyone should be able to understand what they test. BDD tests are used as &lt;a href=&quot;http://specificationbyexample.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Specification by Example&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But its a bit more complex than that as BDD frameworks like &lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JBehave&lt;/a&gt; can also be used to write unit-tests, but also for end-2-end integration tests. And nothing is really forcing you to make the tests readable by non developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a third term &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ATDD&lt;/a&gt; (Acceptance test-driven development) which is how BDD was called before the BDD era. This makes the difference between the both a little bit more clear. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggested reads are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Online TDD chapters&lt;/a&gt; of the Art of Agile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://specificationbyexample.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;specification by example&lt;/a&gt; book&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.manning.com/books/test-driven&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Driven&lt;/a&gt; book.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I think we should find another name for TDD which makes it clear that its a cycle for writing unit-tests, because now its so broad that any tests defined before the coding could be called a form of TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I not confuse you more, but the main difference is technical tests testing the working of methods (TDD) vs human readable tests describing the behavior (BDD). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T21:44:28.027" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T21:44:28.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15528" CreationDate="2015-11-08T08:07:12.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Majority of modern applications are multithreaded. For instance any mobile application &quot;hello world&quot; level has at least 2 threads: GUI and the thread where main logic is being executed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The absolute majority of test scenarios can be tested manually and automation should be considered and implemented when investment into automation will provide a benefit, for instance if you have 100 tests and plan to execute them 100 times in upcoming year, it's better to have them automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to performance testing, the main goal is to check how will your application behave under anticipated load. You can make some assumptions by using a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiling_(computer_programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;profiler tool&lt;/a&gt; check application/database logs to see any long-running operations or queries, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However some certain scenarios cannot be tested manually especially edge cases, for instance how your application behaves under prolonged load, what is number of concurrent users when errors start occurring and what kind of errors are they, does the system recover after overwhelming load and if yes how fast, etc. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/why-%E2%80%98normal%E2%80%99-load-testing-isn%E2%80%99t-enough&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Why ‘Normal’ Load Testing Isn’t Enough&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-08T08:07:12.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15547" CreationDate="2015-11-08T11:02:15.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally architecture of System Tests should comprise Page Objects, Business Layer and Test Cases. The fact that your Page Object gets bigger with the number of the fields &lt;em&gt;makes sense&lt;/em&gt;. It will happen. The complexity of Page Objects gets higher with the complexity of UI. All in all you need to keep a mapping to the page somewhere. Even if you find a way to get it out from Page Objects, it will still exist in a different place. So you can't do anything about that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; do is to ensure that the selectors of your page elements are easy to maintain - there are IDs, Names, custom attributes in HTML helping to find an element. Then you'll find that your Page Object isn't that complicated anymore. This is so crucial for the maintenance that you need to ensure everyone on the team understands that and is okay with adding anchoring info into the HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another problem that may arise with Page Object is what to do if elements repeat on multiple pages. The solutions include: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nesting Page Objects. E.g. having &lt;code&gt;UserInfoBlock&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;QuestionPage&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;UserListPage&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just accessing &lt;code&gt;UserInfoBlock&lt;/code&gt; from your Test Cases (or better - Business Layer).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/evolution-of-automation-test-engineer.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; to find more info on how the layered architecture of the tests should look.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastActivityDate="2015-11-08T11:02:15.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15547" CreationDate="2015-11-08T11:57:02.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Page Objects are great in the right circumstances.  They allow growth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially when you only have a few fields on one page, they are not of much use.  Each field is probably fairly unique already and identifying them is trivial and short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the application grows the following starts to happen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the same field is in multiple spots on the same page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the same field or collection of fields are on different pages, e.g. many 'help' or 'login' buttons.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the number of fields grows and different approaches by developers leads to style clashes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the correct way to identify elements become a longer string of finders cluttering up the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;names of fields and containers change over time, sometimes consistently, other times not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more business logic is added.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these circumstances having the selector finders embedded in the test code leads to brittle, duplicate, error-prone, hard to maintain code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centralizing them in one place addresses these issues and helps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce duplication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clarify readability of actual tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;separate business logic from selector identification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;help reduce change and churn due to layout and styling changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;encourages the same approach as all the selectors are in one spot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if selectors appear on multiple pages, page objects will help guide you to one identifier, such as id, that will be usable.  You'll be forced to think about good naming and name spacing up front.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-08T11:57:02.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14876" CreationDate="2015-11-08T12:39:59.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that your are using Java I would go with page object methods.&#xA;For the way they are used, either approach will work.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example I have converted tests and in one form I was using variables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storedVars[&quot;css_phone&quot;] = &quot;css=input[name='auto_policy[phone]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_email&quot;] = &quot;css=input[name='auto_policy[email]']&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_street&quot;] = &quot;css=input[name='auto_policy[street]']&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and in the other approach these became (ruby) page object methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def css_phone&#xA;  &quot;input[name='auto_policy[phone]']&quot;&#xA;end  &#xA;&#xA;def css_email&#xA;  &quot;input[name='auto_policy[email]']&quot;&#xA;end  &#xA;&#xA;def css_street_address&#xA;  &quot;input[name='auto_policy[street_address]']&quot;&#xA;end  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but their use was essentially the same.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing to focus on was creating good unique selectors that would not be brittle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page Objects are great in the right circumstances.  They allow growth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially when you only have a few fields on one page, they are not of much use.  Each field is probably fairly unique already and identifying them is trivial and short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the application grows the following starts to happen:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the same field is in multiple spots on the same page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the same field or collection of fields are on different pages, e.g. many 'help' or 'login' buttons.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the number of fields grows and different approaches by developers leads to style clashes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the correct way to identify elements become a longer string of finders cluttering up the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;names of fields and containers change over time, sometimes consistently, other times not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more business logic is added.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these circumstances having the selector finders embedded in the test code leads to brittle, duplicate, error-prone, hard to maintain code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Centralizing them in one place addresses these issues and helps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce duplication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clarify readability of actual tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;separate business logic from selector identification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;help reduce change and churn due to layout and styling changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;encourages the same approach as all the selectors are in one spot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if selectors appear on multiple pages, page objects will help guide you to one identifier, such as id, that will be usable.  You'll be forced to think about good naming and name spacing up front.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-11-08T19:38:19.297" LastActivityDate="2015-11-08T19:38:19.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15560" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-08T20:39:46.530" Score="3" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I perform testing for 'the internet of things'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;the network of physical objects or &quot;things&quot; embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity, which enables these objects to collect and exchange data...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I am a quality engineer with programming background. Is there any Internet of Things simulator by which I can test without actual hardware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15162" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-11-09T06:27:17.010" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T09:07:25.027" Title="How to do Internet of Things testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15560" CreationDate="2015-11-08T20:58:23.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You test each device separately.  Yup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;installed browsers, e.g. chrome, firefox, safari, internet explorer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;browsers through virtual machines, e.g. Parallels, Virtual Box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;browsers through services, e.g. sauce labs, browserstack&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;android phones through Android Studio and it's simulator tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iPhones through xCode and the iOS simulator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-08T20:58:23.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15560" CreationDate="2015-11-08T21:04:38.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume by &quot;iot&quot; you  mean &quot;Internet of Things&quot;.  That term refers generally to anything with an Internet connection, and more specifically to anything with an Internet connection other than a computer, e.g. toasters, themostats, refrigerators, sprinkler systems, and automobiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to create a simulator, you need a definition of what you want to simulate: in this case, a network protocol.  There is no universal &quot;Internet of Things&quot; protocol (except perhaps for TCP/IP), and so there is no universal Internet of Things simulator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, any vendor who wants software vendors to support their platform will need to provide a simulator and/or publish their protocol.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-11-08T21:04:38.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15527" CreationDate="2015-11-09T03:19:54.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to control the JS Alert in the &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt;, if you are using &lt;code&gt;TestNG&lt;/code&gt; (or in the &lt;code&gt;def setUp( )&lt;/code&gt; if using &lt;code&gt;PyUnit&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Steps would be something like this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initialize your test (getting the URL and maximize the window etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for 30 seconds to check for &lt;code&gt;alertIsPresent( )&lt;/code&gt; using &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If alert is present, then accept the alert and continue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If wait fails, then do something (print something like alert not present) and carry on with your work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-09T03:25:53.650" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T03:25:53.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15551" CreationDate="2015-11-09T04:40:11.527" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding my view points here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;TL;DR : BDD focuses on the behavioural aspect of the system rather than the implementation aspect of the system that TDD focuses on.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;BDD&lt;/code&gt; gives a clearer understanding as to what the system should do from the perspective of the developer and the customer. &lt;code&gt;BDD&lt;/code&gt; allows both the developer and the customer to work together to on requirements analysis that is &#xA;contained within the source code of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;TDD&lt;/code&gt; gives the developer an understanding of what the system should do.&lt;code&gt;TDD&lt;/code&gt; encourages coders/designers to design as little as needed. Tests in &lt;code&gt;TDD&lt;/code&gt; help the programmer see clearly what to build and stop when they've built it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;TDD&lt;/code&gt; implies that you must test every method in your application (&lt;strong&gt;well, not every method, but at least a good coverage of them&lt;/strong&gt;) asking them -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;When I execute you with this parameters what effects do you have?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;BDD&lt;/code&gt; implies that you must test every user behaviour (&lt;strong&gt;again, &quot;every&quot; is the best situation, but sometimes you can't test every behaviour&lt;/strong&gt;) using a different language: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;When the user goes into this page, fill this form and send it what can they see after?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice that in &lt;code&gt;TDD&lt;/code&gt; what you ask is &quot;&lt;em&gt;what is the application doing?&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and in BDD you are asking &quot;&lt;em&gt;What can see the user&lt;/em&gt;?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my understanding,&lt;code&gt;TDD&lt;/code&gt; is more exhaustive, but has a problem- it is more dependent on the implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you change the name of a class, method, what a method returns, etc. you must change the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;BDD&lt;/code&gt; is more pragmatic- I don't care about the internal implementation but about what the user can do and can see. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you change the internal implementation (you change the webservices you are using, the name of a class or the algorithm) but the user still see it's working you are Ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's to hoping TDD vs BDD wars don't start again :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding some useful TDD vs BDD link from SO :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/135218/what-is-the-difference-between-writing-test-cases-for-bdd-and-tdd&quot;&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2509/what-are-the-primary-differences-between-tdd-and-bdd&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.mattwynne.net/2012/11/20/tdd-vs-bdd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gaboesquivel.com/blog/2014/differences-between-tdd-atdd-and-bdd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T04:40:11.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15527" CreationDate="2015-11-09T04:59:26.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To provide an exact solution to the question screenshot of the popup is necessary (I am just gonna state out all possible scenarios).&#xA;A popup can be an alert or an ad in a iframe or an ad in a new window and all these are treated in different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming its an Alert, log_file has already provided you the solution, i.e. to use &lt;code&gt;alertIsPresent&lt;/code&gt;(), and accept or dimiss it as per your requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assuming the ad is in &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt;, follow the below approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo.frame(driver.findElement(By.id(locatorToIdentifyFrame)));       &#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(locatorToCloseAd)).click(); //Close Ad&#xA;driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); // Return to main window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assuming the ad in the &lt;code&gt;window&lt;/code&gt;, follow the below approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String mainWinHandle = driver.getWindowHandle(); // Get your main window&#xA;String subWinHandle = null;&#xA;&#xA;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; allHandle = driver.getWindowHandles(); // Fetch all handles&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; iterator = allHandle.iterator();&#xA;while (iterator.hasNext()){&#xA;    subWindowHandler = iterator.next();&#xA;}&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(subWindowHandler); // switch to popup &#xA;&#xA;//Write code to close Ad or skip                                            &#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(parentWindowHandler);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you need to use &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; in all the three scenarios and based on your need, please put them into a function and call them in your &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; (not all but atleast in those scenarios where you suspect an unexepected ad might appear).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:26:29.530" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T20:26:29.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15560" CreationDate="2015-11-09T05:44:30.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the premise of question is very broad. So when you say &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How to learn and do internet of things testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It covers a very broad scope of IoT testing. You can't do each and every type of testing for IoT. It's very difficult and due to various issues, seems to be a herculean task. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To learn how to start with IoT testing- let's say Performance Testing, I would suggest you to explore following topics :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing using/in Protocol Simulation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of Data recorders in Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of Virtualization&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I came across a very good paper on IoT testing and challenges and how to overcome it, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/the-internet-of-things-qa-unleashed-codex1233.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-As for second question, I don't think it will be hard to get any actual simulator for such things- although you can try out some options suggested by Micheal- they seem to be good starting options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T05:44:30.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15551" CreationDate="2015-11-09T06:18:59.037" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TDD (Test Driven Development)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who's involved: &lt;strong&gt;Developers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Summary: Developers start writing code by first defining tests (in general unit tests). It could sound strange, but this practically guarantees a high code-coverage and in particular it forces developers to &lt;strong&gt;think&lt;/strong&gt; about what they are doing. TDD &lt;em&gt;can be applied to any kind&lt;/em&gt; of software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BDD (Behaviour Driven Development)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who's involved: &lt;strong&gt;Anyone&lt;/strong&gt; (in theory)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Summary: It allows defining a priori the expected behaviours of a software. &#xA;There are several tools, like &lt;strong&gt;Cucumber&lt;/strong&gt;, for writing &quot;Behaviours&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should write the expected behaviour using a predefined syntax that will be translated into code by developers and into test by QA. &#xA;BDD cannot be applied to any kind of software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T15:17:07.713" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T15:17:07.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15560" CreationDate="2015-11-09T09:07:25.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Forget about fancy titles, think about it methodologically and you'll be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with what you know about &quot;Internet&quot; and &quot;Things&quot;, read products definitions and requirements, think about user expectations and add lot of common sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One small tip- I would start with one of the micro computer/controllers such as arduino, raspberry pi or beagle board.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T09:07:25.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15547" CreationDate="2015-11-09T14:58:02.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on your coding style and programming language, page object can be very simple. My page objects have only one method to fill form values (or more than one only if input is very complicated, but still just few). And these methods all use universal fill() form, which accepts (optionally ordered) dictionary of locators and values to be filled. And this universal fill() method lives in base class anyway. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love Python because it allows for such very compact code, and very flexible creating of data structures (data literals) and powerful one-liners like list comprehension. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T14:58:02.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8430" CreationDate="2015-11-09T17:46:38.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had been in number of such cases, in some cases I was able to use reverse engineering techniques and try to replicate them in house and then ask client for confirmation if my inhouse environment matches with their environment, if yes provide them temp workaround or fixes. Some times temp workaround helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a page and alert screenshot, and you have access to code base, then probably you can try combinations of test cases to mimic it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most of the the cases, i have seen, its environment which is to be blame, I  have done some work for small business, and quite often their software is more screened compared to software from big and famous companies,some times its firewall which strips headers, sometimes they close connections too fast etc ,sometimes they use extremely legacy browsers etc etc.Get the wireshark trace or fiddler trace or maybe browser dev console trace will help you a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is from the screenshot/data, go the code where it generates those alerts,and see under conditions those alerts can be generated in house etc etc and then provide them some temp workaround till you get some fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15197" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T17:46:38.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15511" CreationDate="2015-11-09T19:32:40.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ClearQuest is owned by HP, so they make it easy to integrate with HP's suite of tools. There is, at least, an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSSH5A_8.0.0/com.ibm.rational.clearquest.schema.ec.doc/topics/c_using_cq_api.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;API&lt;/a&gt;. I did find &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kovair.com/adapters/clearquest-integration/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a tool by Kovair&lt;/a&gt; that might be the tool you need. It acts as an integration bus between MTM/TFS and ClearQuest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-11-09T19:32:40.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15579" CreationDate="2015-11-10T04:53:49.003" Score="1" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately after upgrading SeeTest Automation to v 8.7.85, we are getting an  error as 'The APK file should have an Internet permission in order to launch application in instrumented mode'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are stuck at this error and have contacted SeeTest team but wasn't fruitful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone else facing this issue ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Everything works fine on build 8.4.55, but as per client commitments we need to use latest version available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15203" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T05:11:54.007" Title="APK 'Internet Permission' is missing on SeeTest Automation tool" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15578" CreationDate="2015-11-10T05:11:54.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, this looks to be issue in your apk file than SeeTest Automation tool problem (so no surprise that SeeTest tool team weren’t much helpful).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is something either you or someone from your development team can fix, this issue is due to missing permission in your AndroidManifest.xml file. To fix this, open your &lt;code&gt;AndoridManifest.xml&lt;/code&gt; and add the below line &lt;strong&gt;before the application tag&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;uses-permission android:name=&quot;android.permission.INTERNET&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this try importing the new app into SeeTest, hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T05:11:54.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15392" CreationDate="2015-11-10T06:54:24.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general QA verifies an validates features and not defects so both the sentences could be misleading for your colleagues and the management. Why don't you simply write &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Defect XXX has been resolved.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-11-11T15:15:06.480" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T15:15:06.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15581" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-10T11:02:12.633" Score="0" ViewCount="501" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using the APK info app to know what activities' name are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  package name.v2.acyivities.SplashActivity&#xA;&#xA;  package name.v2.acyivities.OnBoardingChooseRegion&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then I create the DesiredCapabilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public AndroidDriver remoteRunningDevice() throws  Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, MobileConfig.platformName);&#xA;&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, MobileConfig.emulatorDeviceName);&#xA;&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, MobileConfig.emulatorPlatformVersion);&#xA;&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;app-package&quot;, MobileConfig.appPackage);&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;,&quot;MobileConfig.appPackage&quot; +&quot;.v2.acyivities.OnBoardingChooseRegion&quot;);&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;noSign&quot;, true);&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(MobileConfig.url), cap);&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    return driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it can't be run and result is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I solve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14923" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T19:46:12.147" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T09:00:28.190" Title="How do I test on an already-installed Android application using Appium + Selenium?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-07-27T08:12:51.160" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15582" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-11-10T11:30:11.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A screenshot, screen capture (or screen-cap), screen dump, screengrab is an image taken by the computer user to record the visible items displayed on the monitor, television, or another visual output device. Usually, this is a digital image using the operating system or software running on the computer, but it can also be a capture made by a camera or a device intercepting the video output of the display.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshots are highly important in software testing as they can be used to demonstrate a program, a particular problem a user might be having, or generally when display output needs to be shown to others or archived.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-10T13:56:33.110" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T13:56:33.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15583" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-11-10T11:30:11.250" Score="0" Body="A screenshot, screen capture, or screen dump is an image taken by the computer to record the visible items displayed on the monitor or another visual output device, but it can also be a capture made by a camera or a device intercepting the video output of the display" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-10T13:56:37.017" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T13:56:37.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15584" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-10T11:41:29.470" Score="0" ViewCount="521" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please confirm does any of the following automation tools provides support for &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.versionone.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Version One&lt;/a&gt; (Agile Project Management Software)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15206" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-11-10T12:53:58.987" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T12:53:58.987" Title="Which automation tools support Version One" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-11-10T15:55:05.973" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15584" CreationDate="2015-11-10T12:10:56.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems Version One has an API which should let you build support for any tool. The tools you name are not yet on the Version One integration list, but depending on your requirements it might be easy to implement for you team themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.versionone.com/product/integrations/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Version One integrations page&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As organizations begin to scale agile VersionOne’s open, web-service&#xA;  API and SDKs (JAVA &amp;amp; .NET) allow you to integrate with your existing&#xA;  software development tools to create a central hub for collaboration&#xA;  and management across the enterprise. Available for both SaaS and&#xA;  On-Premise, integrations include IDEs; defect trackers; continuous&#xA;  integration, test, and source code management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T12:10:56.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15586" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15598" CreationDate="2015-11-10T12:35:37.497" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in a very huge PHP project, but for many reasons the whole project was never tested until now. FYI, the project consists in a lightweight enterprise PHP framework based on Laravel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My task is create a test plan for the project and I thinking about  the best approach for this kind of project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first option is start with unit tests using PHPUnit, but I don't know if I can ensure the test of all important methods, 'cause the methods were created without a planned test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For sure, I'll do some manual test, but also I don't know any good technique to do it in large projects without a previous test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is: Which is the best approach to test this type of software? Are there some specific technique for late tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15140" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T11:43:03.523" Title="Which approach should be used for late tests in large projects?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2015-11-10T15:18:23.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to add &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Huddle/PhantomFlow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomFlow&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Huddle/PhantomCSS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomCSS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pros:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good visualization report by D3 library. You can also generate the visualize user flow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A action (click, type, select, etc.) can be added to the test by PhantomJS' javascript.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The screenshot quite stable from the PhantomJS headless browser.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cons:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only run for PhantomJS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to write javascript to make it run as your application user flow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T15:18:23.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15588" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-10T16:08:11.313" Score="1" ViewCount="58764" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating some test scripts using Selenium WebDriver in C#. The AUT contains a left menu in which the position/ordering of the links depend upon the 'User Preferences' and a lot of factors/configuration from Admin and user side, so XPath is not an option for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used IDE for recording the same and then generating the code, but by default IDE also used XPath, so I added some commands by myself in recorded script and tried to find the element, with the 'Find' button provided in Selenium IDE. After a couple of tries it worked in IDE, i.e. IDE highlighted the element which I want to find, but when I copied the same code in VSTS it is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code generated by IDE, I am not able to get the reason why this is working in IDE and not in VSTS code, I haven't seen any other command to show such a behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;span:contains(Issues Management)&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code throws element not found/similar error when executed in WebDriver but works fine in IDE. I have seen a similar post over &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/forums/selenium/152218-css-selector-works-ide-but-not-webdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQAForums&lt;/a&gt;, but that too doesn't explain it's reason well. I am using Firefox as a browser for creating these tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML of the element is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;rpLink rpExpandable&quot; title=&quot;MyServices&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rpOut&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rpExpandHandle&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rpText&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;Issues Management&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;menuItemRole&quot;&amp;gt;Container menu item&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The complexity is there can be multiple elements with the same text 'Issues Management' on the page, but as far as I know they will be under a different section/class name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2015-11-11T03:55:54.497" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T16:45:35.887" Title="Selenium: Select 2nd item by both class and with certain text?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-10T16:09:03.240" Score="-1" ViewCount="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Scenario: I enter transaction data and submit that data to the application. The application responds with a transaction ID. I then take the Submission Transaction ID and use that ID to query the application. The goal is that the submitted data and the received data are the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue - The transaction ID is located only on the generated source page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium IDE is there a way that I can retrieve that transaction ID from the generated source page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15211" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T14:21:11.273" Title="Can a value be retrieved from Generated Source, using Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-03T15:39:09.383" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15588" CreationDate="2015-11-10T16:12:26.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Use [0] for the first instance&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may be due to the seleniumIDE selecting a first instance by default&#xA;You can achieve this manually with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;CssSelector(&amp;quot;span.rpText:contains(Issues Management)&amp;quot;)[0]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if the class is unique then use it in the selector, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;css:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.&#xA;  FindElement(By.CssSelector(&amp;quot;span.rpText:contains(Issues Management)&amp;quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&#xA;&amp;quot;/descendant::a[@class='post-rpText'][2]:contains('Issues Management')&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T01:41:26.243" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15591" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-10T16:24:52.393" Score="-1" ViewCount="64584" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium WebDriver and I am automating an end to end test. My doubt here is, all the data for the test is stored in an excel file which contains more than 15 columns of data. Each @Test annotation (I am using TestNG) requires one or two or three of the column data. Basically I need to split the 15 Columns of data according to the @Test annotations (for each single action). How exactly to do this? Every time using @DataProvider and creating two or three parameters for the same and writing the code to read data seems to be too redundant. Kindly help me here on how to do tackle this in a better way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15213" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T14:06:32.890" Title="How to handle multiple columns of Data from Excel using Apache POI for Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15591" CreationDate="2015-11-10T16:40:16.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Read the complete excel at the start of your test, store the column headers in a array/list and then by using the first row as column header feed your test e.g. in a Test annotation, you require data for Firstname, Lastname and Address columns only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, in that test write the code to read values of rows below the column Firstname and insert the same into the Firstname field. This way you don't need to care about the order in which your excel has been created i.e. whether Firstname is at the 2nd column or 14th column it doesn't matter. Below is the code for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;); &#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize(); &#xA;&#xA;            FileInputStream file = new FileInputStream(&quot;C:\\Dhiman\\Automation\\seleniumtest.xls&quot;); &#xA;            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);&#xA;            HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);&#xA;            int noOfColumns = sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();&#xA;            //System.out.println(noOfColumns);&#xA;            String[] Headers = new String[noOfColumns];&#xA;            for (int j=0;j&amp;lt;noOfColumns;j++){&#xA;                Headers[j] = sheet.getRow(0).getCell(j).getStringCellValue();&#xA;            }&#xA;                for (int a=0;a&amp;lt;noOfColumns;a++){&#xA;                    if(Headers[a].equals(&quot;Address&quot;)){&#xA;                        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;)).sendKeys(sheet.getRow(1).getCell(a).getStringCellValue());&#xA;                        break;&#xA;                        }&#xA;}&#xA;      workbook.close();&#xA;      file.close();&#xA;      driver.close();&#xA;      System.exit(0);&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using this need to get the value of 2-3 columns as required by you and can fill the respective field in the application. I haven't used TestNG in my tests, but you will get a clear idea from this implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-11-10T16:45:40.597" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T16:45:40.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15581" CreationDate="2015-11-10T16:44:57.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public AndroidDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.android();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, deviceName);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;android&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.VERSION, osVersion);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;YOUR PACKAGE NAME&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;MainActivity&quot;);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, appPath);     &#xA;&#xA;driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:&quot;+port2+&quot;/wd/hub&quot;),capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can use UIAutomator to find your package name. Device name and OS version can be found using 'adb devices'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11334" LastActivityDate="2015-11-10T16:44:57.770" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15594" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15595" CreationDate="2015-11-10T18:07:18.330" Score="18" ViewCount="71250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium webdriver with Java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test needs to verify when you save your login information and close the browser and reopen it then those credentials remain and are saved on a new session. So I want to close the current session and reopen it in order to verify if a cookie persists on the page however Selenium deletes all stored session data so the test case will always fail. Is there any way to prevent Selenium from deleting the stored session data after closing the browser for the specific test case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I do run it I get a no such session error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T15:30:46.077" LastActivityDate="2020-04-27T10:57:23.973" Title="Selenium: How to access the same session in a new window?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15594" CreationDate="2015-11-11T05:08:41.400" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I believe you cannot prevent deletion of Session data once you close the browser. But, you can store the cookies of your first instance and copy it to new instances using a &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().getCookies()&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before calling &lt;code&gt;driver.close(&lt;/code&gt;) method in your test, make sure to save the cookies using following piece of code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; allCookies = driver.manage().getCookies();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above &lt;code&gt;allCookies&lt;/code&gt; variable you can define global as you wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for next instance onward,in the beginning of your test use the below piece of code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;for(Cookie cookie : allCookies)&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this will copy all cookies present earlier to this session, so after this proceed with further logic as per your requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="14370" LastEditDate="2015-11-11T05:14:29.673" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T05:14:29.673" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14244" CreationDate="2015-11-11T06:37:07.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me try to give some inputs based on what we do to compress several years in a few days.&#xA;Database: if the application under testing is connected to a database, you can take data from existing databases (or simulate them if your application is new) and automate insertion, update and deletion using directly the api of your &quot;piece of software&quot;.&#xA;Network: using performance counters properly set for your application/service, you could analize the bad or not common behaviours of the network, and then you could simulate them with automated scripts that compress those behaviours in a short period.&#xA;HW Resources: limit the resources of your system (it's simple with virtual machines) or simulate long period of heavy load to check how the system responds under stressing conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T06:37:07.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15953" CreationDate="2015-11-11T09:48:21.007" Score="2" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a role which requires an automated tester.  Mainly this will take the form of writing automating tests using Selenium Webdriver written in Java.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to develop a technical test ensure the candidates &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can read and understand code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can write code using good practice&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want the test to be balanced toward a automated tester (as opposed to a developer).  Part 1 I have accomplished by writing a (complicated) test myself, printing out the source code and the candidate has to follow the steps on a browser and telling me if the test passes or if any of the asserts fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you recommend I accomplish part 2?  Ideally I would benefit from scenarios and what skills you think they highlight in the candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T15:47:59.707" Title="What is a good automated tester interview technical test scenario?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15586" CreationDate="2015-11-11T10:02:15.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you have access to the original requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, I would suggest you go back to these and build yourself a test plan.  Because testing has come at the end of the process, my guess is they also haven't given you enough time to test everything (been there!).  I would therefor focus on the high risk and areas of ambiguity.  By which I mean, if you read the requirements and you are not Sure of what it is asking for, its also likely an area misinterpreted by the developer(s). Test that bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have a degree of understanding of the systems and its stability, then I would begin to analyse what areas will have most value being automated.  You won't be able to do it all in one go, but again, focus on the areas where automation will save you the most time and catch the highest risk issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T10:02:15.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15586" CreationDate="2015-11-11T10:12:39.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@James From my experience, I can suggest you test plan / strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go in Pragmatic but structure is essential.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Risk application test matrix.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create Test scenario matrix.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use MoSCoW principle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If needed involve the end user / stakeholder for review application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later you can review again the test plan and strategy and make improvement from past experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T10:12:39.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-11-11T11:22:22.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For second part I can suggest a way based on what we have used in our organization &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could give a example of a simple web application i.e - Simple form -&gt; Thank You Page ..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then ask to design and develop a automation script for the given scenario . Then you can see whether he/she is using Page Object model for the design and  also  coding standards are followed or NOT &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8326" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T11:22:22.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15586" CreationDate="2015-11-11T11:43:03.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the manual tests, I would suggest a cradle to grave approach witrh as large a business scenario as you can find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No idea about your business terms, but e.g.:&#xA;Create a user. Log in with the user. Do something with user profile as user like change password.&#xA;Create a customer/subscriber/item. Add account to cust/item. Add billing details. Add address. Add product. Check out / close off / end-of-life the item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go through the lifecycle of whatever the noun is in the business segment, and do all the verbs to it.&#xA;If you have a long enough but not too intricate test scenario, executing it will expose weaker areas of the system. Then make a risk based approach on where to focus with more tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't try to find corner cases. Stick to principle business functionality. That's what the system is there for after all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTH&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15221" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T11:43:03.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-11-11T11:53:04.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Give the candidate a one hour practical test. Ask for as many test points / validations as possible. You will know if you like what you see. Setup shouldn't be hard, because you don't need to develop an entire framework to run a few tests that output pass / fail to the console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Selenium is hard to get going with in an hour, let them use &lt;a href=&quot;http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net/gettingStarted.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HtmlUnit&lt;/a&gt;  - it is in Java, and whether you assert or test, it's the same. You want to prove that the candidate can implement the principle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a case where a candidate spent the entire hour trying to write scaffolding code and didn't test anything. That is a tell tale sign.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A goal could be: do 20 equivalence class tests on this edit box; or: here are manual steps - automate them. Those have a clear pass/fail outcome.You have to decide what you want in a candidate and test for that. Knowing Selenium doesn't imply knowing testing. I am wary of tool jockeys. I employ people who fundamnentally understand what they are doing and the tool is just a tool of of a certain fit-for-purposeness. For that case HtmlUnit, Splinter, Selenium, WATiR etc. all essentially do the same if you understand the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An automator often has to fix tests that don't work any more. Give the candidate a broken test (in your harness/framework, whatever) and get her to fix the test. Or let the candidate create a simple test and export it to Java (it's been a while), then parameterise with data from a csv file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15221" LastEditorUserId="15221" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T08:03:20.850" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T08:03:20.850" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-11-11T12:22:33.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since a candidate experienced in selenium web driver should be familiar with frameworks, show an already built simple framework and ask him/her to explain it and see how well he/she can articulate the selenium webdriver concepts and java concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T12:22:33.333" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14244" CreationDate="2015-11-11T12:45:36.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can get data from an existing similar system and stream it to the new system (maybe with some massaging), it could simulate long periods of use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you understand the format of the input, write a program that simulates it as closely as possible, and produce copious amounts of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is hard to do time based simulation in condensed time. Time has nuances on systems, waves of flow, peak periods, real-world factors etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15221" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T12:45:36.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9021" CreationDate="2015-11-11T13:44:18.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in mobile automation testing, you can check some courses on udemy, e.g. courses which covers Appium tool: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/mobile-automation-using-appiumselenium-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/appium-selendroid-tutorials&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link2&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Appium is one of the most used tools for mobile atuomation testing: both native and web&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T13:44:18.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10032" CreationDate="2015-11-11T13:51:13.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check udemy for some courses, this one is one of most popular: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/certified-web-application-tester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8842" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T13:51:13.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14244" CreationDate="2015-11-11T13:56:28.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are looking for is often referred to as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_reliability_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Software reliability testing&quot;&gt;Software reliability testing&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Some I have found useful in the past are;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.barringer1.com/nov07prb.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Good details but long&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-reliability-testing-in-software/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Simplified ISEB definition&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I won't repeat to much from the various sources, but at its heart is defining &quot;what constitutes reliability?&quot; You need to define these scenarios then extrapolate from the result base you have available.  This includes, Feature, Load and Regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with anything, the further in the future you plan, more more scope you have to get it wrong, so make sure you make the stakeholders aware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T13:56:28.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15609" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-11T16:07:34.887" Score="4" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;In one of the projects I am involved with, the team is running a continuous integration/continuous deployment and in development they have a bunch of unit tests as part of the nightly builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this goes to production, they are still running the same tests, every night, even if the code doesn't change and even if they've already been run on dev and then stage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this make sense or should I disable them?&#xA;The advantage I see is that we have more of identical codebase fordev and production but the downside is the increased load on the server.&#xA;What do you recommend?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15223" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T16:21:34.237" Title="Running unit tests on production build?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15609" CreationDate="2015-11-11T16:21:34.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would only run the tests on a code change, better on each code change and not just in the night. You want to know which code change broke what test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case this would mean when you branch the code to a production version (which is a sort of code change) you run all the tests one more time and that is it. Only when you hot-fix the production code you run the unit tests again. Deploy only versions that have had all tests run successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe some tests function as a sort of monitoring of state or database consistency. I cannot find another reason to run them each night. Maintenance scripts should not be hidden in unit-tests though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T16:21:34.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15611" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15612" CreationDate="2015-11-11T17:05:28.810" Score="1" ViewCount="613" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run a test in Selenium IDE, and at the end of the test it looks for the DOM element that is commented out this looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- QID: Q1447180888OFH--&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously the numbers are generated dynamically and I just want to validate that the &lt;strong&gt;&quot;QID:&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; portion is appearing. I am thinking I will have to use the starts-with() command, but not sure if this will work with a commented line of code. Any help with this would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T16:15:39.273" Title="Selenium IDE assertion, text in commented body tag" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15611" CreationDate="2015-11-11T18:58:51.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask your developers to put the comment into &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; with some good name or id, and try to investigate that element (when you can at least locate it - as you have it currently, you cannot even locate that DOM chunk).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that does not work, you may try to get a span with ink and paper of same color with text &lt;code&gt;QID: Q1447180888OFH&lt;/code&gt;, so it will be a real (even invisible) HTML text, which you can get by &lt;code&gt;text&lt;/code&gt; attribute of that element with no problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, I do try avoid XPATH locators like a pox. :-) Best practices for Selenium suggest to use locators in this order: id &gt; Name &gt; CCS class &gt; XPath. XPATH locators are fragile and slow. Better to spend some time talking to developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding IDs and names is trivial for developers and huge benefit for QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If mission of QA is defined as &quot;Make developers look good&quot;, developers &lt;strong&gt;want&lt;/strong&gt; to help QA. Win-win.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-11-13T16:15:39.273" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T16:15:39.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15611" CreationDate="2015-11-11T21:16:02.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the position of the comment is static you can use an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#locating-by-xpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Xpath locator&lt;/a&gt;. To get the Xpath, inspect the page using Chrome (or Firefox with Firebug), find the element, right-click and select Copy Xpath. Here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Page for Example: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_comments.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_comments.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Comment to Find: &amp;lt;!-- PRINTING STARTS HERE --&amp;gt;&#xA;// Use the following value for your *TARGET*&#xA;xpath:/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div/comment()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-11-11T21:16:02.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15614" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-12T10:10:17.347" Score="1" ViewCount="784" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u5S2r.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u5S2r.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After input in company name field, from auto-suggest list I want to select last value in QTP 12.51.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please see attached image and waiting for reply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T02:17:23.147" Title="In Qtp 12.51, how to select web element from auto-suggest list? Please see attach screenshot" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3411" CreationDate="2015-11-12T12:32:50.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This has been added in Visual Studio 2012 Update 1.&#xA;It adds an Edit button when running a test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1154" LastActivityDate="2015-11-12T12:32:50.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15616" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-12T12:37:34.267" Score="0" ViewCount="3058" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am actually new to JMeter.&#xA;I have an issue - I have an application (developed in SharePoint) for which I have to load test. So while login, we will get a pop-up where we enter username and password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem here is JMeter is not recording the values that we enter into that pop-up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me in fixing this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15236" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-11-12T16:41:26.887" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T16:46:19.553" Title="How can I record a pop-up in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15611" CreationDate="2015-11-12T14:41:20.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like it could be possible to reach comment element iside oyu body tag with &lt;code&gt;//body::comment()&lt;/code&gt;, but unfortunatelly it is not possible in Selenium IDE as it results in &lt;code&gt;error = TypeError: e.scrollIntoView is not a function&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to experiment with following knowledge of Xpath contained in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3887613/xpath-to-select-commented-code&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt;, but bear in mind, that Xpath in Selenium IDE could differ. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have influence to the development of the product, I recommend that the ID will be inserted into another tag (div/span) which stays hidden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-11-12T14:41:20.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15616" CreationDate="2015-11-12T16:31:43.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your issue is common for SharePoint applications. Actually your application is using Windows Authentication method and JMeter can't record this because Jmeter records only web browser actions. You have two options for handling this authentication/scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have to use the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Authorization_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Authorization Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for this pop-up. Using this you still will not be able to record that pop-up, but when you playback/run your script, then the credentials used in the HTTP Authorization manager will be used for login and JMeter will get a successful Authentication. This &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-http-basic-authentication-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; will provide you step-by-step guideline on how to use this Authorization Manager.&#xA;Make sure you use the latest version of JMeter, as I myself faced this issue that Authorization Manager is not working correctly in JMeter 2.9 version (which I had used long time ago with SharePoint application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another solution is to &lt;strong&gt;switch off the Windows Authentication and trun-on the Form Authentication&lt;/strong&gt;. After doing this your application will ask for credentials as other web-applications through a login page. Generally, I have seen that SharePoint applications (which I have load tested) have both Form and Window authentications and later one is given the preference or later one is the default one. But switching to Form Authentication is not a bigger task for Configuration manager/Developers &lt;em&gt;(they might say no, it will take a lot of time, but trust me it should not a whole day task to do).&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Once this is ON&lt;/strong&gt; over the server, you are good to go without any issue and Authorization Manager is also not required then. Use this as a backup plan, in case your HTTP Authorization manager doesn't work or creates issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used this second solution too, when the first didn't work for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-11-12T16:31:43.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15619" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-12T16:54:20.693" Score="2" ViewCount="980" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working in a software house and we need to assure quality in different configurations. Some example of these configurations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser          - B1, B2, B3 or B4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operative System     - OS1, OS2 or OS3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database             - DB1, DB2 or DB3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is a simplification of the current number of combinations we have to test, but in this simplification we have 4 * 3 * 3 = 36 possible combinations, for each we need one different test environment. The current approach is to run every test in every combination, so each test will run in all different test environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have thousands of tests that need to run continuously and running each test in so many environments takes too much time and most of the tests don't add value to run in all configurations. If I'm running a browser test, I don't care what database the server has installed, it’s enough to run the test in all different browsers (4 in this example instead of 36).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to distribute the tests by all the different test environments, so that a tests is only selected to run in more than one environment if strictly necessary to ensure quality. Can you please tell me how any companies are handling with this sort of problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: To complement the information to my question, most of my tests aren't write in Selenium, I also want to distribute unit and integration tests to reduce the feedback loop. I already can assign the tests that I want to run on one machine (independently of the language), I'm trying to find a way to distribute the tests in the best way possible and I have cases that I need to run the tests in more than one test environment. There are other companies trying to solve the &quot;fast feedback&quot; problem with this approach? Or academic research?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15220" LastEditorUserId="15220" LastEditDate="2015-11-13T14:14:56.017" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T14:23:05.667" Title="How can I distribute tests for environments with different configurations?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;configuration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15619" CreationDate="2015-11-12T17:14:03.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am correctly understanding your problem- then &lt;strong&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/strong&gt; would be a good solution. It allows you to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Distribute your tests across multiple machines for execution (parallel processing).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can perform multi-browser and multi-os testing of your web application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what a simple pictorial representation would look like. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VEfal.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VEfal.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also take help of third party services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt;. You can go through the comparison between both services &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackshare.io/stackups/browserstack-vs-sauce-labs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read about Selenium Grid, it's set up and an easy test script &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-grid-selenium-tutorial-29/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-11-12T17:14:03.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-12T19:40:28.197" Score="2" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is in regards to GNOME 2 running on a CENTOS 5 box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get the &lt;a href=&quot;https://fedorahosted.org/dogtail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dogtail&lt;/a&gt; automation tool to work with my given box for the purpose of testing a QT application. Versions .7 (which is specifically for GNOME 2) and .9 (which didn't specify what version it was supposed to be for) don't appear to have the bridge to get QT's widgets to show up in Dogtail's Sniff functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QT-AT-SPI (bridge used in later versions) downloads I've seen are all for GNOME 3, not GNOME 2. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a version of this bridge (or another method) available to get Dogtail to work with QT applications on GNOME 2?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, is there a similar tool that would be able to be used to GUI test a QT application without changing the binaries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15241" LastActivityDate="2015-11-12T19:40:28.197" Title="Getting Dogtail to work with QT on GNOME 2" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-12T21:29:58.843" Score="4" ViewCount="532" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to automate the tests on a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebKit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebKit&lt;/a&gt;/WebView browser that is embedded in a Mac&amp;nbsp;OS&amp;nbsp;X desktop application, preferably using &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_%28software%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; or some Mac-based tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppleScript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AppleScript&lt;/a&gt; or Automator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm unable to figure out automating an embedded browser on Mac, though we have done it for a Windows/CEF combination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15244" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2015-11-12T22:28:13.930" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T05:02:45.303" Title="Is it possible to automate tests on an embedded WebKit browser on Mac OS X?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-13T04:21:44.497" Score="1" ViewCount="975" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to set up appium test headless with java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void startAppiumServer() throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;//        Process process;&#xA;    String APPIUMSERVERSTARTCMD = &quot;cmd /c &quot; + &quot;\&quot;C:/Program Files (x86)/Appium/node.exe\&quot; &quot; +&#xA;            &quot;\&quot;C:/Program Files (x86)/Appium/node_modules/appium/bin/Appium.js\&quot; &quot; +&#xA;            &quot;--address 127.0.0.1 --chromedriver-port 9516 --bootstrap-port 4725 &quot; +&#xA;            &quot;--selendroid-port 8082 --no-reset --local-timezone --log G:/log_appium.txt&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();&#xA;    Log.debug(&quot;Send command : &quot; + APPIUMSERVERSTARTCMD);&#xA;    final Process pr = rt.exec(APPIUMSERVERSTARTCMD);&#xA;&#xA;    new Thread(new Runnable() {&#xA;        public void run() {&#xA;            BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pr.getInputStream()));&#xA;            String line = null;&#xA;&#xA;            try {&#xA;                while ((line = input.readLine()) != null)&#xA;                    System.out.println(line);&#xA;            } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }).start();&#xA;&#xA;    pr.waitFor();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the appium app did not launch. if i except &quot;cmd /c &quot;, appium will run successfully. But the test just run appium, don't do something else. I want to run my test case after appium launched. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   @BeforeSuite&#xA;public void initAndroidTest() throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    LaunchAppium launchAppium = new LaunchAppium();&#xA;    launchAppium.startAppiumServer();&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;&#xA;        AppiumRemote remote = new AppiumRemote(driver);&#xA;&#xA;        driver = remote.remoteDevice();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        homePage = CommonFlow.goToMainPage(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    }catch (Exception ex){&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public static AndroidDriver getDriver() { return driver; }&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void runLogin(){&#xA;    LoginTester login = new LoginTester();&#xA;    login.runTest(driver, homePage);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to solve this problem.&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14923" LastActivityDate="2016-01-17T11:31:45.233" Title="How to launch appium headless?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-20T04:22:39.933" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11715" CreationDate="2015-11-13T05:16:40.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a person who did the same transition (dev to QA ) and also conducted interviews for similar cases I can give you few tips &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't  say you don't like coding , or not good at coding&lt;/strong&gt; . When an organization interested in hiring a person with dev background for QA position , they might be looking for a candidate for Test Automation (probably ) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to highlight the fact that you are seeing holistic view  of software rather than each technical component&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to convince them how you see things different , in end-user perspective and give some examples for Bugs,Omissions or UX issues you see in common software - &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8326" LastEditorUserId="8326" LastEditDate="2015-11-13T05:38:38.750" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T05:38:38.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15627" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-13T09:43:14.380" Score="1" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here is my testng.xml:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;com.mycompany.app_maven-project_jar_1.0-SNAPSHOT&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;src/main/resources/testng.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Regression Tests&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;username&quot; value=&quot;rashRodeo&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;password&quot; value=&quot;rashRodeo@1234&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.maven.regressionTwo.functionalTwo.TestNGTestsTwo&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;methods&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;exclude name=&quot;enterSearchTextDTWO&quot; /&amp;gt;                     &#xA;             &amp;lt;/methods&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;here is my @Test using the parameters above:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;@Parameters ({&quot;username&quot;,&quot;password&quot;})&#xA;public void checkForParameters(String username, String password) {&#xA;&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;Username is :&quot;+username+ &quot; Password is: &quot;+password);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what is wrong here, why it is getting skipped?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15116" LastActivityDate="2016-06-11T11:07:34.107" Title="@Parameters getting Skipped, just basic tests" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15627" CreationDate="2015-11-13T10:57:42.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you give the following in the xml it works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;./testng.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly is the error message you get?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-11-13T13:33:48.953" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T13:33:48.953" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15589" CreationDate="2015-11-13T14:21:11.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;code&gt;storeText&lt;/code&gt; command to save the text of an element into the specified variable, and then use the &lt;code&gt;assertText&lt;/code&gt; command to assert that another element has that text. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7091218/how-can-i-store-a-dynamic-text-value-in-selenium-ide-and-use-it-later-in-differe&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7091218/how-can-i-store-a-dynamic-text-value-in-selenium-ide-and-use-it-later-in-differe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11208" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T14:21:11.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15619" CreationDate="2015-11-13T14:40:25.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One school of thought is to make sure you test every pair of configurations at least once.  This isn't provably better than testing every combination, but it does reduce the number of combinations.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=pairwise-testing&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=pairwise-testing&lt;/a&gt; for more questions and answers about that technique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I'm faced with this problem, I make some judgement calls on which combinations are most likely to have problems.  You will figure out some of that from experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also try reducing the dimensionality of your configuration space by performing more specific tests on smaller configuration subspaces.  For example, instead of running every test on every combination of browser, DB, OS, and fifty other variables, do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run some more specific tests that only focus on DB and OS, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run your other tests on the browsers and the fifty other variables plus just one DB and OS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-11-13T19:44:42.363" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15619" CreationDate="2015-11-14T08:08:54.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it a requirement having everything (browser, db and os) installed in the same machine? If not, let me propose what we do in my company because in the real world there are really much more than 36 combinations (service packs for os, hotfixes for db, etc.).&#xA;Based on our internal acceptance criteria, we would install &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;all of the browsers in one machine (in theory even in the same machine of the os), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;then we would have one machine for each os (in your case three), and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;only one machine with the databases (again three databases in your case).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end you have 1+3+1 = 5 machines (i suppose you have a cluster with VMWare or HyperV) that can stay turned on at the same time, and you can perform the automatic tests avoiding the combinations between browsers and db that are not useful for the aim of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-11-14T10:28:37.370" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T10:28:37.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15633" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-14T08:16:24.240" Score="2" ViewCount="719" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work with e-commerce websites and I am wondering how much of the tests should be automated. I plan on automating the login and check out functionalities but what about clicking links to navigate throughout the website? I am using Selenium webDriver so it takes time to collect the web elements and coding it into Java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15258" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-11-14T18:01:11.410" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T18:01:11.410" Title="What proportion of tests cases should be automated via Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-11-16T18:05:52.097" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15633" CreationDate="2015-11-14T14:29:13.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot automate 100% if it’s a large application. Instead of relying totally on automation, it is better use a combination of automation and manual testing. Just like with any tool Selenium Webdriver also has some limitations such as automation in the IE browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for which tests to automate (in terms or functionality), it should be generally tests that have been identified as regression tests and areas that are considered to be stable. In companies that I worked in that’s what they chose to automate (i.e regression test cases)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cost of automation can be high at the start in terms of setup, training the resources and maintaining the tests. It is also important to have a well-designed framework in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Login and checkout functionalities are generally good scenarios to start with provided that these pages/functionalities will not change for a while.&#xA;So how much should be automated? We need to pick and choose wisely. Keep in mind that maintenance of the test will accumulate overtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that, if you have you have thousands of users visiting you website simultaneously, testing this would require a load testing tool (e.g jmeter)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T14:29:13.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15633" CreationDate="2015-11-14T15:11:17.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You've implied UI automation in your question, however testing should be seen within the broader context of unit - integrated - performance - exploratory - testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every situation is different and you should combine your efforts in the above 4 areas as appropriate for the situation at hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the former in mind, I also like the well-known concept of the testing pyramid whereby a few single end to end UI test automation cases can sit on top of a code base that, at the bottom layers has hundreds or thousands of unit test cases for the backend logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to &quot;how many test cases to automate in selenium&quot; as opposed to manual testing and the like, you may find doing a risk based assessment will help.  It will get you to think about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what are the potential losses if functionality if broken?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how much effort will it take to automate core cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how many times you want to do the testing, i.e. how many and how often you do new versions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what other issues or desired features exist that would provide greater revenue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a different tack, you may find &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9826/what-kind-of-test-cases-can-we-not-automate-in-selenium-webdriver-java?rq=1&quot;&gt;What kind of test cases can we not automate in selenium webdriver - java&lt;/a&gt; interesting.  It talks about functionality that you &lt;em&gt;literally&lt;/em&gt; cannot easily automate with current tools, for things like captcha, gestures, video, payment gateway timeouts, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T15:11:17.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15633" CreationDate="2015-11-14T16:58:43.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Read about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test pyramid&lt;/a&gt;, find a good balance between the different types of testing. Not to much not to little :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-11-14T16:58:43.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8430" CreationDate="2015-11-15T08:08:46.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps an alternate way to replicate the said issue would be to request the client to share his / her Application User id and assuming you already have the timestamp of when the issue occurred from the screenshot shared by the client, go into the application / middleware logs and identify the issue from the logs (based on shared user id and time of occurence) and backtrack in the application logs to identify the sequence of events, n keep backtracking till you hit a different function. Granted its a somewhat tedious process, but until you check the logs you'll never know if its an issue with the application code or an issue with the test data used by the client, or something totally different such as a browser/pc/application/environment parameter or setup issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15266" LastActivityDate="2015-11-15T08:08:46.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15641" CreationDate="2015-11-16T04:51:54.327" Score="2" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing a POC on Sikuli, stuck with an issue using moveTo() method. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error received: &lt;code&gt;TypeError: moveTo(): 1st arg can't be coerced to org.sikuli.script.Location&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All lines of code written were as per Sikuli tutorial on their website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not able to proceed further, any help asap will very much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;region_1 = Region(110,320,99,23)&#xA;region_2.moveTo(region_1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15273" LastEditorUserId="15273" LastEditDate="2015-11-16T05:37:05.317" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T05:37:05.317" Title="Sikuli: moveTo method" Tags="&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15640" CreationDate="2015-11-16T05:24:48.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;moveTo()&lt;/code&gt; method accepts &lt;code&gt;location&lt;/code&gt; object as parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a common mistake which happens while using Sikuli. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try correcting your code to :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;region_1 = Region(110,320,99,23)&#xA;location_1 = Location(x,y)&#xA;region_1.moveTo(location_1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer to below url for more information on Sikuli Region:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://doc.sikuli.org/region.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://doc.sikuli.org/region.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T05:24:48.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-16T10:18:49.727" Score="0" ViewCount="176" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium automation testing. One of my projects uses fluent style of selenium code. I am facing an issue with this pattern, my application behaves login differently, if it is a new user [login for the first time] the set of pages are different from normal login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg:- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;New User: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LoginPage -&gt; Security Questions -&gt;...-&gt; final page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Old user: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LoginPage -&gt; Advertisement -&gt; final page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to handle this situation in fluent style of coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15026" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-16T11:03:18.283" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T11:03:18.283" Title="How to use fluent style of coding in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2095" CreationDate="2015-11-16T10:30:52.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two questions &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Need for management tool where we can associate the tests to the requirements and have the reports.&lt;/strong&gt; You don't need any other management tools to associate the tests to requirements since that is done using cucumber feature files. For reports from Gherkin, you can use the cucumber-jenkins plugin on Jenkins, export you test results in JSON files after each test run and publish Cucumber reports as a post execution step.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools that read the Cucumber feature files.&lt;/strong&gt; There are tools that read Cucumber files and allow you to easily share, manage and search your product's live documentation online from the feature files.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example &lt;a href=&quot;https://relishapp.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://relishapp.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15014" LastEditorUserId="15014" LastEditDate="2015-11-16T12:44:55.120" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T12:44:55.120" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15643" CreationDate="2015-11-16T10:44:47.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/fluent-selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fluent&lt;/a&gt;  grants you additional options for commands and usage in addition to those offered by Selenium Webdriver itself.  What this means is you can use the fluent options And those offered as standard in java/Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Neither forces a particular work flow upon you for how application manages login(s).   As such you can just write your tests as you would normally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the sake of code practices I would suggest you create a shared library for your login functionality so the code can be reused across tests and avoid duplication.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T10:44:47.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-16T15:38:41.330" Score="0" ViewCount="4448" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;strong&gt;log4net&lt;/strong&gt; for creating execution logs of test cases which are created and being executed using Selenium Webdriver in C#. I was able to implement the logging functionality but I am facing an issue with the same or you can say I have a query related to this logging feature. I have seen that every web link which provides information about this logging has shown it in a way like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;logger.Info(&quot;Browser is launched&quot;);&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(BaseURL+&quot;&quot;);&#xA;logger.Info(&quot;Navigate to the URL provided by the user&quot;);&#xA;driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&#xA;logger.Info(&quot;Maximize the window&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. I have to use this line &lt;code&gt;'logger.Info'&lt;/code&gt; at all such places where logging is required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way in which I can avoid using it repetitively? i.e. I use &lt;code&gt;'logger.Info'&lt;/code&gt; only at one places and it creates logs for the whole test case execution automatically, means I want to avoid repeating this line again and again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference links (these links shows that I have repeat this code of line):-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/how-to-create-log-files-in-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;learn-automation.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/log4j-logging/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;toolsqa.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/log4j-tutorial-selenium-tutorial-26/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;softwaretestinghelp.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eyecatch.no/blog/logging-with-log4net-in-c/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;eyecatch.no&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T13:09:38.797" LastActivityDate="2016-04-16T14:25:08.963" Title="Logging in Selenium Webdriver using Log4net" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-04-19T06:42:33.280" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2095" CreationDate="2015-11-16T16:02:36.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Chuck, really you shouldn't be storing your feature files in any TCM program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you are writing acceptance tests in Gherkin format and the automating specific ones I've been using Testrail. It has a pretty good API and UI scripts (Im using one that does highlighting on the Gherkin keywords).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then take some of those and create feature files out of the ones im going to automate (which I will then proceed to keep in our repo of choice).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T16:02:36.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2095" CreationDate="2015-11-16T18:05:50.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider using a ticket management system such as Trello, Jira, or Pivotal Tracker or TestLink.  I would look to use the same system that I am using for managing new features, tasks and bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T18:05:50.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15654" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-16T19:23:23.757" Score="1" ViewCount="723" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have Patient's FirstName and LastName in the test case of MTM. I want to use them in Coded UI. Is there any method I can call the parameters from test case to use in Coded UI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-16T06:09:28.470" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T18:33:46.513" Title="How to get parameters from microsoft test manager to Coded UI?" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15654" CreationDate="2015-11-16T19:36:43.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can do this, but you may not want to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only method I know of to use MTM test case parameters in Coded UI is to retrieve them via the TFS API - which is rather less simple than it appears. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's more information about doing this available here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.infosupport.com/accessing-test-case-parameters-in-an-associated-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blogs.infosupport.com/accessing-test-case-parameters-in-an-associated-automation/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caveat: I've never tried this myself, so this is as much detail as I can offer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T19:36:43.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15656" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-16T20:12:55.790" Score="2" ViewCount="3791" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium webdriver (Java) and ran into a problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made the method, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void escape() {&#xA;        Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        action.sendKeys(Keys.ESCAPE).build().perform();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it does not work for Safari. It works for all other browsers (IE, Firefox, Chrome) except Safari. What will be the alternate escape method for Safari using selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:31:42.243" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T14:11:30.747" Title="Escape key for Safari using Selenium" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15656" CreationDate="2015-11-16T21:14:39.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like the error is in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;action.sendKeys(Keys.ESCAPE).build().perform();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html#perform--&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;perform&lt;/a&gt; is meant to be called as a method of &lt;em&gt;sendKeys&lt;/em&gt;, not as a method of &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html#build--&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;build&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/20266441/1106708&quot;&gt;This answer&lt;/a&gt; on SO has an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;action.sendKeys(Keys.ESCAPE).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-11-16T21:14:39.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15658" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-16T22:17:30.310" Score="1" ViewCount="6025" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just started my career as a Junior Tester&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step1: Requested XML Data using HTTP Request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Path: /vitalhub/rest/patientlists&#xA;    ResponseData:&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot; standalone=&quot;yes&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;patientLists lastRefresh=&quot;2015-11-16T15:48:21.050-05:00&quot; count=&quot;4&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;patientList modifiable=&quot;false&quot; uid=&quot;0000000000204016&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;vhSysSrc&amp;gt;cerner&amp;lt;/vhSysSrc&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Test List&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/patientList&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;patientList modifiable=&quot;false&quot; uid=&quot;0000000000204019&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;vhSysSrc&amp;gt;cerner&amp;lt;/vhSysSrc&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;123&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/patientList&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;patientList modifiable=&quot;false&quot; uid=&quot;0000000000204021&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;vhSysSrc&amp;gt;cerner&amp;lt;/vhSysSrc&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Random Patient List&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/patientList&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;patientList modifiable=&quot;false&quot; uid=&quot;0000000000204023&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;vhSysSrc&amp;gt;cerner&amp;lt;/vhSysSrc&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Custom List&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/patientList&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/patientLists&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step2: Added a XpathExtractor as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   Reference Name: listName&#xA;   Xpath Query:patientLists/patientList/name/text()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step3: Added debugSampler and these were the results&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   JMeterVariables:&#xA;   JMeterThread.last_sample_ok=true&#xA;   JMeterThread.pack=org.apache.jmeter.threads.SamplePackage@393d25f8&#xA;   START.HMS=134134&#xA;   START.MS=1447267294003&#xA;   START.YMD=20151111&#xA;   TESTSTART.MS=1447709583847&#xA;   applicationDomain=VitalHubChart&#xA;   bulkCiphers=NONE&#xA;   deviceId= dev1&#xA;   devicePassword=vitalhub123&#xA;   key=55fbcb5c-f71a-42ce-995e-72a7c44145b3&#xA;   key_1=55fbcb5c-f71a-42ce-995e-72a7c44145b3&#xA;   key_matchNr=1&#xA;   listName=Test List&#xA;   listName_1=Test List&#xA;   listName_2=123&#xA;   listName_3=Random Patient List&#xA;   listName_4=Custom List&#xA;   listName_matchNr=4&#xA;   password=testcp&#xA;   sessionId=f3e8a037-d6e6-4ed4-b5db-993c713417f0&#xA;   sessionId_1=f3e8a037-d6e6-4ed4-b5db-993c713417f0&#xA;   sessionId_matchNr=1&#xA;   user=testcp&#xA;   userName=testcp&#xA;   userPass= testcp&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step4: Added an other Http Request to get the results by using ListName&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Path: /vitalhub/rest/patientLists/name/${listName_1}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By using Step4 I can just get info of a single list. I have to change it to &lt;code&gt;listName_2..4&lt;/code&gt;  to get different list results&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I  automate these requests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; loop and &lt;code&gt;RegularExpressionExtractor&lt;/code&gt; and tried using &lt;code&gt;BeanShellPostProcessor&lt;/code&gt;, but was unable to solve it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be thankful if anyone can answer my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15283" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-17T02:46:01.470" LastActivityDate="2019-05-07T10:29:53.473" Title="How to use multiple variables of results in one Http Request in other Http Request" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-16T23:48:49.417" Score="0" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked in manual testing for about 3 years and took a break for the past 2 years.I am now trying to get back in the game,but want to update myself, which will complement my testing skills and aid in getting a job.I am considering learning automation tool like selenium or getting into any of the ETL testing tools.Can you please share your thoughts on which would be better?Thanks a ton.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15284" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T07:07:43.353" Title="What additional skills can a manual tester acquire to get back into the industry?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-11-17T12:28:41.867" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15659" CreationDate="2015-11-17T01:20:40.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without knowing what skills you currently have, it's pretty hard to suggest new skills to acquire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you should consider acquiring any skills that you don't have which are required in your local market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium might be appropriate. Agile testing might work. Mobile testing might make sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But also performance testing, website testing, etc, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check your local job sites to see what kind of skills are in demand for the kinds of jobs you want, and go from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T01:20:40.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15659" CreationDate="2015-11-17T07:07:43.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For working as a manual tester probably you'll not be requested to know testing tools, it would be more useful having a general good experience with operating systems, databases and network tools. Those are the base for executing manual test that is not a simple point and click. So my suggestion is looking around to understand what techonologies the software houses of your target are looking for and go that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T07:07:43.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1039" CreationDate="2015-11-17T09:20:58.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know I'm gravediging here but here goes anyway:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2.X offers mechanism to automaticaly &quot;jump&quot; to modal alert and accept or decline prompt. Code example (JAVA webdriver):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().alert().accept();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info about this methods &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.TargetLocator.html#alert--&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15286" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T09:20:58.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15663" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15668" CreationDate="2015-11-17T09:21:56.953" Score="0" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;The requirement is almost implemented with an exception of one single and simple but critical bug (the bug is like &quot;constant X should be added to the final value&quot;). As soon as there is a high priority of evaluation correctness the bug is crucial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP ALM has two fields for requirement status:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;direct cover status (is about test runs, tests which cover this requirement)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;status (is about the phase of requirement lifecycle)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Direct cover status&lt;/code&gt; is clear to be set as &lt;code&gt;Failed&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is &lt;code&gt;Status&lt;/code&gt;. I can not leave status as &lt;code&gt;In Testing&lt;/code&gt; cause we have already tested the requirement. And I can not say the requirement status is &lt;code&gt;Not Implemented&lt;/code&gt; cause devs need to do just a simple fix. And it's strange to set the status as &lt;code&gt;Implemented&lt;/code&gt; cause there is a crucial bug after implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which status should be set in this case? Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-20T07:04:03.673" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T07:04:03.673" Title="Status of the requirement which has a critical bug" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15200" CreationDate="2015-11-17T11:57:01.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I know there are many TC management tools but it would be helpful to&#xA;  have one where you decide if you want to execute it manually or&#xA;  automatically so you maintain only one tool and not 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard this problem before from many testers and teams. While we were developing Test Collab's automation feature - we wanted to solve it. It took a few iterations but we did solved it. How, you may ask? You define automation variables right where you define the test cases, so in a project, for example, you can have total 100 test cases, 20 of which are automated. Now from single app, you can trigger these automated cases or assign those 80 manual test cases to testers because of the common interface for triggering automated/manual tests. This really saves time when you are doing lot of testing on daily basis and also brings everything in one single app. If you would like to check out, I suggest you try our tool first: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcollab.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testcollab.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then jump to the automation settings: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcollab.com/blog/screencast-test-automation-with-test-collab/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testcollab.com/blog/screencast-test-automation-with-test-collab/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Disclaimer: I'm co-founder of Test Collab.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T11:57:01.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15663" CreationDate="2015-11-17T12:49:01.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd consider this more of a process question than a tool-specific question: a requirement has a critical bug in the implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is that the critical nature of the bug should mean that the requirement is consider &lt;strong&gt;not implemented&lt;/strong&gt; until the bug has been fixed. At that point it returns to &lt;strong&gt;in testing&lt;/strong&gt; while the correction is tested and the acceptance tests are re-done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for this is that with a critical bug, no matter how simple the fix is, the software can't be released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T12:49:01.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15669" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-17T13:26:54.093" Score="1" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team creates some kind of machine learning algorithm. We have an executable module, which gets input and produces output as files in some format. Thus each of our tests is such file. After module is executed we can analyze a result with other tool and get some parameters. Our goal is to maximize some output parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before we had all test files (one file per test) kept in one place, in a folder and it worked well just with running the script calling algorithm module for each file and gathering the results in a single file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we have a need to attach some metadata for tests, for example, if some case is problematic, we could add a tag signalizing a type of problem in there. Or we could also attach case source tags. Also it would be great to keep history of parameters values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question: is there a software which allows to manage not unit tests or tests based on source code, but tests based on data sets? I understand, that may be such software must be configured by creation of test sources and output-data adapters, but right now I cannot find anything which could do such job at all except TestComplete which costs. It would be great if this software have a web-interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for any hints!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15288" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T19:01:11.187" Title="Automated software for data set management" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15332" CreationDate="2015-11-17T13:56:09.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked this question a countless times during countless releases by nervous and excited project managers. Theoretically, this question does not make sense. If the PM well and truly diligently reads the daily testing status report sent by the QA team (which PM's rarely do), he should be well aware of the 'state' the application is in. But being the project manager(especially in a service based company where he/she is handling multiple projects), he/she is always surrounded by countless issues and rarely gets the time to read reports in full detail. In that case, I kind of forgive the PM and tell my interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My criteria is based on how close the application meets the test closure criteria at the end stages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Critical / Major functionality is tested and works fine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No major open Sev 1 / Sev 2 issues or blockers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No last minute scope changes or change requests which impact the testing work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all the above hold true, then I would say that the app looks good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10783" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T13:56:09.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3744" CreationDate="2015-11-17T14:06:19.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation would definitely help. It will help in reducing the time for regression testing. But if you have Sprints running in tight schedules, you won't have much time for automating the test scripts. In such a case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Define your testing acceptance criteria at the start of the Sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Run a round of system testing on the application / new feature when released for QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Focus on testing the main functionality and detect critical bugs as early as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Your best bet to start regression would be at the start of the second round of testing, i.e. when the defect fixes start rolling in. This will help to ensure that existing functionality is not impacted by the scope change / new feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e) If your regression test suite is large, you might need to prioritize the tests to be run. You definitely don't need to run the full gamut of tests. Test only those areas which are directly impacted by the scope change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Long run, Automation is definitely the best bet. If not Supported by the client, take some time off and try automating the app. Even if it is not supported by the client (budget issues etc.), explain to your PM about the value add for automation.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10783" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T14:06:19.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15672" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15698" CreationDate="2015-11-17T14:24:28.880" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm making a project that needs to break some big workflows into pieces and I need to know how many possible flows does the Workflow (that I have &quot;inputed&quot;) before has.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know any software that can tell me that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15291" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T13:08:14.947" Title="Is there a software that tells the number of possible flows when &quot;inputing&quot; an workflow?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11546" CreationDate="2015-11-17T14:26:06.900" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, It returns in the order only&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implimentation of getOptions() method in Select class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; /**&#xA;   * @return All options belonging to this select tag&#xA;   */&#xA;  public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; getOptions() {&#xA;    return element.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5572" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T14:26:06.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15499" CreationDate="2015-11-17T14:37:34.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Upload&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No need to use Autoit or Robot class for uploading a file in browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using WebDriver itself we can achieve that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pass the absolute file path to file locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type='file']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;/home/test/uploadthis.png&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Download&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For downloading a file we need to set it in browser preferences. It varies based on browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firefox&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;,2);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&quot;,false);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.dir&quot;,&quot;/home/Desktop/&quot;);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile&quot;,&quot;text/csv&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;DesiredCapabilities dc = DesiredCapabilities.firefox(); &#xA;dc.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.PROFILE, profile);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(dc);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5572" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T14:37:34.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15650" CreationDate="2015-11-17T14:51:26.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Write some wrapper class with all the WebDrive Methods (add log messages there) and use those methods in your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class WebDriverMethods {&#xA;&#xA;  public static final LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(WebDriverMethods.class.getName());&#xA;  public void click(By by) {&#xA;     //click logic&#xA;     LOGGER.info(by+&quot;Clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  public void type(By by,String data) {&#xA;     //sendKeys logic&#xA;     LOGGER.info(data+&quot; data entered in &quot;+by);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;   // write all the required methods&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use above methods in your testcase to get logs for each step performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5572" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T14:51:26.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-17T15:45:23.620" Score="1" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should I approach the task of constructing automation to test a video platform?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, how does YouTube tests their video editor. Can this even be done with automation? Are there existing tools to achieve this or do I need to write it from scratch? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15293" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T15:45:23.620" Title="How does YouTube test their video editing platform?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2015-11-18T13:53:29.987" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15658" CreationDate="2015-11-17T17:03:10.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way is using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#ForEach_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ForEach Controller&lt;/a&gt; configured as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input Variable Prefix: &lt;code&gt;listName&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Output Variable Name: anything meaningful, i.e. &lt;code&gt;currentList&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &quot;_&quot; before number?: &lt;code&gt;checked&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hRHng.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hRHng.png&quot; alt=&quot;ForEach Controller&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you will be able to iterate all the &lt;code&gt;listName_X&lt;/code&gt; variables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/12grw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/12grw.png&quot; alt=&quot;ForEach Controller in action&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-regular-expressions-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using Regular Expressions in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for another example which extracts all HTML links from web page and hits them all using ForEach Controller.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T17:03:10.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-17T18:54:58.140" Score="0" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently interviewed for a job as a developer in test, and the interviewer asked me if I had any previous experience with servlets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This questions was totally odd because they don't use servlets at all, and I can't see how webdriver is used together with servlets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When is servlets necessary for webdriver? To build APIs or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15296" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-11-17T19:46:51.940" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T20:23:21.340" Title="Webdriver + servlets, do they add up?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15679" CreationDate="2015-11-17T19:01:14.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Servlet is one of available server-side technologies to generate HTML web pages. From WebDriver point of view it is really not relevant how HTML web page it tests has been generated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T05:39:36.567" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T05:39:36.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15669" CreationDate="2015-11-17T19:57:56.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software tools available for any task are very dependent on the language you use. You did not mentioned yours (my language of choice and reference is Python, one of the reasons is because it has such great tools and community). But most common languages do have most common tools, and all of the good ones are open-source and you can adapt/enhance them for your own usage, so here is idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was looking at python-coverage tool. They have runmode when they measure coverage of code by unit test. Then, after a change in code, they can analyze the diff and re-run just unit tests executing the changed code. So you can adapt similar tool in your preferred language for similar use. Or measure which data sets exercise which code. or whatever you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must realize that your use case is extremely specific and unlikely you will find some tool which does what you want &quot;out-of-the-box&quot;. You will need a lot of customizations for any tool which will get you half-way to your goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why I like to use open-source. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T19:57:56.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15663" CreationDate="2015-11-17T20:08:14.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If requirement is tested, and fails, there are two possibilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release it with a known bug, and create (and prioritize) the bug to be fixed in one of next releases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If bug is so critical that product cannot be released, it goes back to development, and when fixed, it will have to be re-tested in full once again. You have no idea if fix did break some other functionality or not until you tested it. Simple bug fixes are known on occasion to break system in a very subtle way. Tester's work is never finished: we just test as many of use cases as we can in available time, and pray that the rest will not have any critical bug. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So status should be &quot;in development&quot;, and we'll see you after you fixed it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot &quot;prove&quot; that software has no bugs: only check that subset of known bugs was fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T20:08:14.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15683" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15684" CreationDate="2015-11-17T20:59:56.523" Score="0" ViewCount="1581" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if someone has some advice for running load testing in visual studio, preferably with a selenium webdriver script. I know that JUnit can be integrated with JMeter, so that you can test load on a certain automated test. But I cannot find any information on load testing in visual studio with a selenium type script. Basically, the test is login to the system as a user, get requirements for student, upload documents, and submit the file. This is easily achieved in selenium, but I am wondering how to simulate 1, 10, 25, 100, MAX users. Thanks for your insight ahead of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T10:39:42.280" Title="Load testing selenium scripts in visual studio" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15683" CreationDate="2015-11-17T23:27:18.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend looking into Visual Studio load test tool. You will need an Ultimate license. This tool will make it much easier to do all the things necessary to create a &lt;em&gt;useful&lt;/em&gt; performance test while minimizing time to script and hardware needed to drive the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read more here...&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/dd293540(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/dd293540(v=vs.110).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand you have the Selenium scripts already created but that will not save you much time compared to what it would take to scale out a Selenium test into a valid/useful performance test. Using Selenium to performance test would adding a layer between Visual Studio and the system under test that is not needed. It would be the wrong tool for the job. I hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9454" LastActivityDate="2015-11-17T23:27:18.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15679" CreationDate="2015-11-18T05:00:14.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;May be interviewer is interested in developing an custom web framework/Tool.So in that case, we use servlets as server side technology to develop web applications. &#xA;And I think this is one of the way to use, I am sure there will be multiple uses of webdriver+servlets&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T05:05:34.550" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T05:05:34.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15624" CreationDate="2015-11-18T10:26:44.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void startAppium()throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;    String command = &quot;appium --session-override -p &quot;+port+&quot; --chromedriver-port &quot;+chromePort+&quot; -bp &quot;+bootstrapPort;&#xA;&#xA;    String output = runCommand(command);&#xA;&#xA;    if(output.contains(&quot;not&quot;))&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;\nAppium is not installed&quot;);&#xA;        System.exit(0);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public String runCommand(String command) throws InterruptedException, IOException&#xA;{&#xA;    p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);&#xA;&#xA;    BufferedReader r = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));&#xA;    String line=&quot;&quot;;&#xA;    String allLine=&quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    while((line=r.readLine()) != null){&#xA;        allLine=allLine+&quot;&quot;+line+&quot;\n&quot;;&#xA;        if(line.contains(&quot;Console LogLevel: debug&quot;))&#xA;            break;&#xA;    }&#xA;    return allLine;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should start appium server. And if you set appium path in your PATH variable then you don't have to pass full appium path. &#xA;Just call startAppium() in your test class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11334" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T10:26:44.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15683" CreationDate="2015-11-18T10:39:42.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is possible to do, but old versions of NUnit doesn’t deal well with multi-threaded code.  Ie NUnit itself was design to be single threaded.&#xA;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=pnunit&amp;amp;r=2.5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PNunit&lt;/a&gt; which will give you that functionality.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using NUnit 3 or above has PNunit included.  You can find more information on how to use it on &lt;a href=&quot;http://nunit.org/index.php?p=parallelizable&amp;amp;r=3.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T10:39:42.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15690" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-18T11:53:38.760" Score="4" ViewCount="150990" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to click on Administration panel. The &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; contains a class attribute and inner text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get an error saying &quot;unable to locate element&quot;. What am I doing wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;div class=&quot;item-inner&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;span class=&quot;title&quot;&amp;gt; Administration &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;i class=&quot;icon-arrow&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C# code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  var admi = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//span[contains(@class,'title')]  [contains(text(),'Administration')]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;  admi.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15305" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T12:21:09.813" LastActivityDate="2019-07-05T15:31:14.293" Title="Trying to find span element by class and text with selenium c#" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15691" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-18T12:17:28.053" Score="-3" ViewCount="443" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have already changed the jmeter.bat size to set &lt;code&gt;HEAP=-Xms1024m -Xmx1024m&lt;/code&gt;. But after changing heap size I am still getting a heap size error message. What do I need to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For error message seen below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2015/11/18 14:52:40 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:100000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:52:51 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:25000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:53:38 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:140000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:53:41 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:20000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:54:23 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:180000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:54:34 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:20000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:55:13 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-41 &#xA;2015/11/18 14:55:13 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-41 &#xA;2015/11/18 14:55:14 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:50000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:55:38 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:20000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:56:00 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:120000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:56:04 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:140000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:56:36 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:50000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:57:08 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:80000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:57:29 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:160000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:58:46 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:80000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:59:09 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:140000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 14:59:50 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:100000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 15:01:16 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:180000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:16 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-39 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:16 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-39 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:19 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-35 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:19 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-35 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:33 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-44 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:33 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-44 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:38 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-37 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:38 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-37 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:02:58 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:160000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 15:03:05 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:120000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 15:06:15 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:140000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 15:07:01 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:180000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 15:07:49 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-45 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:07:49 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-45 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:07:53 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-34 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:07:53 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-34 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:09:35 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:160000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 15:13:41 WARN  - jmeter.timers.SyncTimer: SyncTimer Synchronizing Timer timeouted waiting for users after:180000ms &#xA;2015/11/18 15:14:44 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-50 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:14:44 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-50 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:14:55 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-47 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:14:55 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-47 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:20:34 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: TS_stage 1-49 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:20:34 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-49 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.gui.action.Start: Stopping test &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Stopping: TS_stage 1-31 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 WARN  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Interrupting: TS_stage 1-31 sampler: hotels &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Stopping: TS_stage 1-28 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 WARN  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Interrupting: TS_stage 1-28 sampler: spa &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Stopping: TS_stage 1-27 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 WARN  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Interrupting: TS_stage 1-27 sampler: nightlife-lounges &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 WARN  - jmeter.util.JMeterUtils: Interrupted in thread TS_stage 1-28 java.lang.InterruptedException&#xA;    at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:503)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue.invokeAndWait(EventQueue.java:1232)&#xA;    at javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(SwingUtilities.java:1346)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.util.JMeterUtils.runSafe(JMeterUtils.java:1322)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.visualizers.SummaryReport.add(SummaryReport.java:182)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector.sendToVisualizer(ResultCollector.java:595)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector.sampleOccurred(ResultCollector.java:571)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.ListenerNotifier.notifyListeners(ListenerNotifier.java:84)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.notifyListeners(JMeterThread.java:796)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.process_sampler(JMeterThread.java:456)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.run(JMeterThread.java:261)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)&#xA;&#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-28 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Stopping: TS_stage 1-33 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 WARN  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Interrupting: TS_stage 1-33 sampler: vip service &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 WARN  - jmeter.util.JMeterUtils: Interrupted in thread TS_stage 1-31 java.lang.InterruptedException&#xA;    at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:503)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue.invokeAndWait(EventQueue.java:1232)&#xA;    at javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(SwingUtilities.java:1346)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.util.JMeterUtils.runSafe(JMeterUtils.java:1322)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.visualizers.SummaryReport.add(SummaryReport.java:182)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector.sendToVisualizer(ResultCollector.java:595)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector.sampleOccurred(ResultCollector.java:571)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.ListenerNotifier.notifyListeners(ListenerNotifier.java:84)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.notifyListeners(JMeterThread.java:796)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.process_sampler(JMeterThread.java:456)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.run(JMeterThread.java:261)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)&#xA;&#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-31 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 WARN  - jmeter.util.JMeterUtils: Interrupted in thread TS_stage 1-33 java.lang.InterruptedException&#xA;    at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:503)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue.invokeAndWait(EventQueue.java:1232)&#xA;    at javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(SwingUtilities.java:1346)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.util.JMeterUtils.runSafe(JMeterUtils.java:1322)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.visualizers.SummaryReport.add(SummaryReport.java:182)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector.sendToVisualizer(ResultCollector.java:595)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector.sampleOccurred(ResultCollector.java:571)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.ListenerNotifier.notifyListeners(ListenerNotifier.java:84)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.notifyListeners(JMeterThread.java:796)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.process_sampler(JMeterThread.java:456)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.run(JMeterThread.java:261)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)&#xA;&#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-33 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 WARN  - jmeter.util.JMeterUtils: Interrupted in thread TS_stage 1-27 java.lang.InterruptedException&#xA;    at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:503)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue.invokeAndWait(EventQueue.java:1232)&#xA;    at javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(SwingUtilities.java:1346)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.util.JMeterUtils.runSafe(JMeterUtils.java:1322)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.visualizers.SummaryReport.add(SummaryReport.java:182)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector.sendToVisualizer(ResultCollector.java:595)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.reporters.ResultCollector.sampleOccurred(ResultCollector.java:571)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.ListenerNotifier.notifyListeners(ListenerNotifier.java:84)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.notifyListeners(JMeterThread.java:796)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.process_sampler(JMeterThread.java:456)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterThread.run(JMeterThread.java:261)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)&#xA;&#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: TS_stage 1-27 &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine: Notifying test listeners of end of test &#xA;2015/11/18 15:45:11 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.JMeterMenuBar: setRunning(false,*local*) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15307" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T12:25:27.443" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T17:31:44.637" Title="Getting Heap size error in jmeter i.e memory out of heap" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-10-03T13:48:55.893" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15692" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15695" CreationDate="2015-11-18T12:24:38.390" Score="3" ViewCount="24334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked this in an interview. I knew about Alpha/Beta release testing , but had no idea about Pilot testing in Software Engineering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please explain in details with real life examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T12:50:22.807" LastActivityDate="2020-01-02T20:24:01.660" Title="Difference between &quot;Pilot&quot; Testing and &quot;Beta&quot; Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15692" CreationDate="2015-11-18T12:35:07.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pilot testing involves having a group of users try the system prior to its full deployment in order to give feedback on its performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beta testing is testing of the product in the user environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, beta testing takes place in real time user environment and pilot testing in development environment. A selected group of users do pilot testing whereas beta testing is carried by all users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="6797" LastEditDate="2015-11-18T12:55:22.940" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T12:55:22.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15692" CreationDate="2015-11-18T12:38:18.670" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pilot testing is when a select group of end users try the system under test, before deployment, to provide feedback about the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Limited users use the product in pilot testing, and product is installed at the end customer to validate once the product is ready for the production in beta testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beta testing is done at the client side (last stages of development cycle) and all end users use the system and see whether the system is working as per their given requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is done after pilot testing is successful and the defects found in case of pilot testing are fixed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PS: This question would be having a million Google results since it is one of most basic testing interview questions.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T05:28:40.217" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T05:28:40.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15691" CreationDate="2015-11-18T12:55:10.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the following remedies :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Remove all the listeners that you have in your Jmeter test plan. Try restarting and then see what happens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the above step doesn't remove's the errors, try running Jmeter in a non-GUI mode using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -n -t testplan.jmx -r&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These should do away the errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T12:55:10.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15690" CreationDate="2015-11-18T12:58:12.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to avoid the use of contains as your method of finding an element.  This will mainly cause you issues later down the line when other elements unintentionally match&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you use something more like;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//div[@class='item-inner']/span[@class='title']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example still isn't ideal, and ideally you should ask your developers to add in a unique ID for you to utilize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T02:19:45.270" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T02:19:45.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15672" CreationDate="2015-11-18T13:08:14.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the technical answer to your question is no, there are some methods which help you limit the number of scenarios you need to cover to provide suitable coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I particularly like the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pairwise_comparison&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pairwise&lt;/a&gt; methodology&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luckily there is a (no longer free) tool called &lt;a href=&quot;https://hexawise.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hexawise&lt;/a&gt; that helps you make sense of it without a mathematics degree!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A particularly simple example is testing Credit Cards.  This method will help you formulate the minimum numbers of tests to test each variation of card available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T13:08:14.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15692" CreationDate="2015-11-18T13:42:58.887" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an interviewer, getting one of the text book replies will mainly loose point for the candidate. The correct answer should be something along the lines of &quot;it depends&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non standardize definitions change from company to company and from team to team, even the first two answers from ashu and log_file are inconsistent with each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-11-18T13:42:58.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15703" CreationDate="2015-11-18T17:06:57.337" Score="0" ViewCount="2548" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the webpage I'm testing, there are 3 options in a drop down and on selecting each option, rows in a table gets populated. I'm just trying to locate the table value through xpath and I am getting an the exception. Sharing the code I tried and the page source snippets. Please, help me out!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   System.out.println(&quot;\n Unbranded Sample Packs tests: &quot;);&#xA;      Reporter.log(&quot;   Unbranded sample packs validation   |&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;      WebElement sp=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/div[1]/div/div/a/button&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;      if(sp.isDisplayed())&#xA;      {&#xA;          sp.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;          Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;          String spurl=driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;          if(spurl.contains(&quot;unbranded-sample-packs&quot;))&#xA;          {&#xA;&#xA;              //Business card sample kit:&#xA;&#xA;                WebElement w1=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/button&quot;));&#xA;                w1.click();&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/ul/li[1]/a/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;                WebElement p=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;                if(p.isDisplayed())&#xA;                {&#xA;&#xA;                    if(p.getText().equals(&quot;£8.00&quot;))&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        System.out.println(&quot;\n Business card sample kit displays the correct page&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    else&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        System.err.println(&quot;\n Business card sample kit option displays the wrong page !&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                    System.err.println(&quot;\n Prices are not displayed&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;            // Reseller Catalogues:&#xA;&#xA;                WebElement selectorElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/button&quot;));&#xA;                try &#xA;                {&#xA;                    WebElement sE=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/button/span[2]&quot;));&#xA;                    sE.click();&#xA;                } &#xA;&#xA;                catch (NoSuchElementException e) &#xA;                { &#xA;                    selectorElement.click();&#xA;                    WebElement sE=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/button/span[2]&quot;));&#xA;                    sE.click();&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                try &#xA;                {&#xA;                    WebElement elementOfInterest = selectorElement.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/ul/li[2]/a/span&quot;));&#xA;                    elementOfInterest.click();&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;\n Reseller catalogues option is clicked&quot;);&#xA;                } &#xA;&#xA;                catch (NoSuchElementException e) &#xA;                { &#xA;                    selectorElement.click();&#xA;                    WebElement elementOfInterest = selectorElement.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/ul/li[2]/a/span&quot;));&#xA;                    elementOfInterest.click();&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;\n Reseller catalogues option is clicked&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;            //  Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/ul/li[2]/a/span&quot;))); dropdown.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Reseller Catalogues&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    /*      &#xA;         * &#xA;         * JavascriptExecutor executor= (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;                executor.executeScript(&quot;document.getElementById('ID').style.display='block';&quot;);&#xA;                Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ID&quot;)));&#xA;                select.selectByVisibleText(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;                Thread.sleep(6000);    &#xA;&#xA;        */&#xA;                new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                if(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;                {&#xA;                    new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;                    if(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;)).getText().equals(&quot;£10.00&quot;))&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        System.out.println(&quot;\n Reseller Catalogues displays the correct page&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    else&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        System.err.println(&quot;\n Reseller Catalogues displays the wrong page !&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                    System.err.println(&quot;\n Prices are not displayed&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;            //Unbranded sample pack option is selected&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                WebElement selectorElement1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/button&quot;));&#xA;                try &#xA;                {&#xA;                    WebElement sE=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/button/span[2]&quot;));&#xA;                    sE.click();&#xA;                } &#xA;&#xA;                catch (NoSuchElementException e) &#xA;                { &#xA;                    selectorElement1.click();&#xA;                    WebElement sE=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/button/span[2]&quot;));&#xA;                    sE.click();&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                try &#xA;                {&#xA;                    WebElement elementOfInterest = selectorElement1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/ul/li[3]/a/span&quot;));&#xA;                    elementOfInterest.click();&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;\n Unbranded Sample pack option is clicked&quot;);&#xA;                } &#xA;&#xA;                catch (NoSuchElementException e) &#xA;                { &#xA;                    selectorElement1.click();&#xA;                    WebElement elementOfInterest = selectorElement1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/ul/li[3]/a/span&quot;));&#xA;                    elementOfInterest.click();&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;\n Unbranded Sample pack option is clicked&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                new WebDriverWait(driver, 6).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;)));&#xA;                WebElement p3=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                if(p3.isDisplayed())&#xA;                {&#xA;&#xA;                    new WebDriverWait(driver, 6).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;)));&#xA;                    WebElement p4=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/div/a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;                    if(p4.getText().equals(&quot;£12.00&quot;))&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        System.out.println(&quot;\n Unbranded Sample Pack displays the correct page&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    else&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        System.err.println(&quot;\n Unbranded sample pack displays the wrong page !&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                    System.err.println(&quot;\n Prices are not displayed&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;\n 'Finished size' dropdowns validated \n&quot;);&#xA;                Reporter.log(&quot;   'Finished size' dropdowns Validation done   |&quot;);&#xA;          }&#xA;          else&#xA;          {&#xA;              System.err.println(&quot;\n Sample Pack button links to a wrong path&quot;);&#xA;          }&#xA;&#xA;      }&#xA;      else&#xA;      {&#xA;          System.err.println(&quot;\n Sample packs button is not available&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;\n Unbranded Sample packs validated \n&quot;);&#xA;      Reporter.log(&quot;   Sample packs Validation done   |&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page Source:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CbMsq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CbMsq.png&quot; alt=&quot;Page source for Dropdown options&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qouvC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qouvC.png&quot; alt=&quot;Page source for table&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T18:04:07.933" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T10:47:08.217" Title="I get an exception, &quot;Element is no longer attached to DOM&quot; when I run my code, but In Debug mode, it works fine. I'm using Java and TestNG" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15499" CreationDate="2015-11-19T01:04:53.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me, pressing an &lt;kbd&gt;Enter&lt;/kbd&gt; before the &lt;kbd&gt;Control&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;V&lt;/kbd&gt; works. Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        StringSelection ss = new StringSelection(DocSampleFilePath);&#xA;        Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(ss, null); //copy the above string to clip board     &#xA;        Robot robot;&#xA;        robot = new Robot();&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        robot.delay(2000); &#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL); //paste the copied string into the dialog box&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER); //enter    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11977" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T16:01:34.617" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T16:01:34.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15700" CreationDate="2015-11-19T03:25:30.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using chrome browser it might help if you update the chromedriver.exe to the latest version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;stale element&quot; and &quot;no such element&quot; errors was fixed in ChromeDriver 2.19&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which browser does this code run on? FF? Chrome?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T08:12:40.533" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T08:12:40.533" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15700" CreationDate="2015-11-19T03:32:29.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe you are getting this error because : You are immediately (before the page load could finish) searching for an element and finding it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;there are 3 options in a dropdown and on selecting each option, rows&#xA;  in a table gets populated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When dealing with asynchronous pages use proper waits after every anticipated page-load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Insert an explicit wait after the selecting element from drop down and wait for the new content to load. Search for the element you want only after the wait statements. This will also increase the robustness of your tests significantly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="14370" LastEditDate="2015-11-19T03:37:44.270" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T03:37:44.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15484" CreationDate="2015-11-19T05:13:44.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also resize the window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Dimension n = new Dimension(360,592);  &#xA; driver.manage().window().setSize(n);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="9427" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T02:54:48.593" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T02:54:48.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15692" CreationDate="2015-11-19T06:53:47.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pilot Testing answers to the question: does this new product/service have a potential market? Pilot testing allows people involved in marketing and business strategies to take decisions for investments. When we do pilot testing the software is just a bit more than a prototype.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beta Testing answers to the questions: Does the product/service fulfill the customers’ requirements or expected behaviors? Beta testing could help companies to confirm if a product is ready for the distribution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly it's not a common question for a job interview, anyhow I hope you have even received more technical questions to show your competencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T05:30:08.187" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T05:30:08.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15706" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-19T08:59:02.737" Score="0" ViewCount="49" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reproducing conditions of heavy HTTP traffic on ruby app, which would mean occasionally sending 500 error codes (or others), or sending the response too slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, which libraries makes this kind of work easy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14788" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T17:21:23.443" Title="What are some latest popular libraries to emulate slow/busy/unexpected HTTP behavior?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13527" CreationDate="2015-11-19T09:02:10.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had this same problem but our tests were limited for Windows OS, so we designed a simple AutoIT script for it which would return exit code = 0 (if popup was detected) or 1 (if not detected).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This error code was checked within the selenium test script itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14788" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T09:02:10.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15482" CreationDate="2015-11-19T10:03:50.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe that a software tester should be involved at all stages of a website or software development. As a software tester, you are just as important as the developer and often have a more general knowledge of the item that is being tested than a developer may have. (Developers may just specialize a small component of a piece of software) If involved from the requirements or design stage you will be able to spot problems with requirements, offer suggestions on how things can be improved at an early stage and just as importantly get to know what work you have coming up so you can plan your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've recently published a blog post &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.testlodge.com/the-role-of-qa-in-agile/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blog.testlodge.com/the-role-of-qa-in-agile/&lt;/a&gt; providing some tips of how a software tester should work with an agile team and be involved at all stages from planning to the retrospective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T10:03:50.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15332" CreationDate="2015-11-19T10:16:26.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer on if a product / website / software is ready to ship should come from the entire team and not just the software tester or QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A developer will most likely have unit tests and these will give a good indication on if the software is stable. (The test coverage will of course determine how much weight these have in any final decision)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A developer will also have a gut feeling as to how good / stable the code is. They are the ones who have seen the inner workings of the product and know if there are some possible areas that could cause a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Any client or product owner should also be involved. Have their requirements been met, have they done any uat testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What external factors (e.g. an ad campaign) are happening which could make you want to wait until its over before releasing any new update and reduce risk during high traffic periods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The designer will also have an opinion. They will always be able to spot small but important things which are not right which more than often can be put right very quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course a software tester will have a very good feeling as to how stable the software is and confidence will grow with the more time they can spend testing, but their feedback shouldn't be combined with the entire teams thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastEditorUserId="5365" LastEditDate="2015-11-20T15:31:56.430" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T15:31:56.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3744" CreationDate="2015-11-19T10:30:04.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When working with Agile, you should be continually testing throughout the sprint. If you have been involved during the planning stages (which you should be) you will have a good idea of what is coming up, how long each task will last and when you are likely to be able to start testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After each story is completed, you should have the developer provide a quick handover and allow you to start testing straight away. This will not only spread your workload out, but more importantly allow you to identify any problems early on in the sprint rather than right at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is still a good idea to perform a manual regression test at the end of the sprint (regardless of how many automated tests you have), but as by then you should have hopefully already covered all the new functionality, this can just be a quick sweep of any critical areas of the software / website that is being tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T10:30:04.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15706" CreationDate="2015-11-19T11:02:41.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please remove the &quot;latest&quot; and &quot;popular&quot; from the title, why would you care about popularity and age ?&#xA;The old and reliable Linux netem can help you with actually blocking networking traffic using different patterns.&#xA;I suppose that you can use fiddler at the replier level, or just write some code to mimic a server and randomly return errors, using Flask and Python for example this will take only a few 10's LOC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T11:02:41.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15706" CreationDate="2015-11-19T11:23:36.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have accomplished similar using SOAPUI/ReadyAPI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More or less it grants you the ability to send whatever HTTP requests you like to the server.  Make one that specifically causes you 500 errors and what ever other conditions you want.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Included in the program is a limited load testing functionality, but that can be (easily) extended using LoadUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the applications I mention are made by a single company called &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SmartBear&lt;/a&gt; and they offer both pro and free editions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good starting point are this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/functional-testing/teststep-reference/http-request/.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/http-recording/http-recording.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T11:23:36.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15544" CreationDate="2015-11-19T12:03:54.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your Xpath for the error appears incorrect. and should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id=&quot;ajax_loginform&quot;]/p[1]/strong&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will notice in the HTML the &quot;Error&quot; is within  tags and not the &lt;p&gt; itself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;ERROR&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Assert will need to be updated accordingly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(errorMessage.getText(), &quot;ERROR&quot;, &quot;Expected error message not returned, instead returned&quot; + errorMessage.getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then add an additional assert to the remaining text if required. &#xA;I have also added in an error message as this will be invaluable for debugging as your project expands and is generally good practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T12:03:54.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15718" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15745" CreationDate="2015-11-19T13:44:25.027" Score="3" ViewCount="496" Body="&lt;p&gt;All REST API's that I've built have always had a good series of unit tests to verify that they are working as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One downside to this approach is that the testing almost always happens on either a development or a CI server and they don't verify everything is running correctly on a live or a clone of the live servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is anyone able to recommend any additional tools for checking the API at a higher level when deployed to a server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&#xA;Scott&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T13:42:08.710" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T10:34:10.907" Title="Which tool to use for testing REST API?" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-11-10T12:14:38.080" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15719" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-19T14:26:15.673" Score="3" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Datatable three rows are present. After clicking on Add button new row is generated and I need to put input values from datatable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem:&lt;/strong&gt; How to identify field of each row dynamically for inserting values?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Script:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Datatable.GetSheet(5)&#xA;    rowcount=Datatable.GetRowCount&#xA;    For i=1 to rowcount&#xA;         Datatable.SetCurrentRow(i)&#xA;         lenth =Datatable.Value(1,5)&#xA;         width= Datatable.Value(2,5)&#xA;         height= Datatable.Value(3,5)&#xA;         weight=Datatable.Value(4,5)&#xA;         piece=Datatable.Value(5,5)&#xA;Browser(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).Page(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).WebEdit(&quot;ship_info1[length_val]&quot;Set lenth &#xA;Browser(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).Page(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).WebEdit(&quot;ship_info1[width_val]&quot;).Set width &#xA;Browser(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).Page(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).WebEdit(&quot;ship_info1[height_val]&quot;).Set height &#xA;Browser(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).Page(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).WebEdit(&quot;ship_info1[weight_val]&quot;).Set weight &#xA;Browser(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).Page(&quot;Magma MCR&quot;).WebEdit(&quot;ship_info1[total_pieces]&quot;).Set piece&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this script,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in first row, web element name is &lt;code&gt;&quot;ship_info1[height_val]&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for next added row, web element gets chnaged to &lt;code&gt;&quot;ship_info2[height_val]&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I want to select this web-element dynamically. Please see the attached image.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zvsxx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zvsxx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11878" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-21T13:23:38.810" LastActivityDate="2021-04-05T17:07:00.693" Title="In QTP 12.51, how to identify dynamical element generated using ajax/jquery form" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15718" CreationDate="2015-11-19T14:59:37.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/product/ready-api/soapui-ng/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ReadyAPI/SoapUI NG Pro&lt;/a&gt;.  It can be used to test and assert against the REST service. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/test-automation/running-from-command-line/functional-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;param options&lt;/a&gt; in the Pro version, run via command line, is to set the environment (-E) which means you can run the same suite against multiple endpoints fairly trivially as steps within your CI tool (or whichever method you prefer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T14:59:37.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15722" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-19T15:54:18.827" Score="1" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this question from a colleague. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He asked me how to specify one or more test cases from a specification, that does NOT expect a signal. In other words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if anyVariable == true&#xA;  ComponentX must not send a signal to ComponentY&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyVariable is true, some stuff is executed and afterwards anyVariable is set back to false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had 2 ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just test whether ComponentY does not receive a signal iff anyVariable is true (weak)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do as in (1) but wait some time &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to (2) one could wait as long as anyVariable == false again. &#xA;But what if it never becomes false again?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there some other approaches to test a &quot;scenario&quot; like described above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any ideas or discussions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-11-20T03:54:28.830" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T00:32:17.390" Title="How to test something &quot;NOT&quot; receiving" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15691" CreationDate="2015-11-19T17:31:44.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is not error, it is warning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is not connected to heap size by any means&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're using Synchronising Timer presumably to kick off some request by multiple threads at the same time. The warning is about you don't have enough threads to group. Just increase &quot;Number of Threads (users)&quot; at &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; level and that should be it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeter-synchronizing-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using the JMeter Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt; guide for comprehensive information on the web element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-19T17:31:44.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15725" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-20T06:40:43.173" Score="9" ViewCount="661" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one of the challenge am facing with a new project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are facing a difficult task in deciding and getting everyone on board as to who will handle ownership of test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am aware that only if test automation is owned by the team, it has better chances of providing value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers in the team would want to treat test automation as their responsibility and are reluctant to relinquish control and on the other side, developers are shying away from taking additional responsibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like get some insights on project which has faced similar dilemma. To convince and kick start the test automation soon, I need to ascertain advantages or disadvantages of this task being done by a developer or a tester (with basic knowledge of coding).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The project is planned to run in an Agile way. It is Web based application on Java. Prefreed tool for automation is Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15340" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-11-20T11:17:50.687" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T14:32:52.620" Title="Ownership of test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15726" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-20T07:05:05.240" Score="5" ViewCount="480" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testers in Agile project, it is very difficult to focus on testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are so many tasks to completed and to name a few :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prepare stories for the future sprint with business analysts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;discuss stories of the current sprint with developers and BAs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keep an eye on broken build on CI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;work with product owner for the demo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;help developers with test data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;environment set-up or unit testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integration test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;take care of non-functional testing when needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support prod release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test in different environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can often leave very little room for actual testing. Isn't agile testing flawed ? (Just kidding !)&#xA;So, my question here is what should be the ideal way to prioritize tasks, should we be splitting test teams to smaller chunks to handle such situations ?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Wouldn't that make a tester lose system-level perceptive from a broader contact ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15340" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-11-22T02:08:11.213" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T02:08:11.213" Title="Lack of focused testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15725" CreationDate="2015-11-20T07:15:05.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to suggest that testers should handle automation scripting. Because developer has development tasks also there and in future it may be possible that because of parallel development tasks , they may not be able to maintain automation tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also for any testing , prospective and mindset is totally different of developers and testers. &lt;strong&gt;According to ISTQB glossary , Developer can not do effective testing because of lack of objectivity.&lt;/strong&gt; I agree because goal and mindset of developer and tester is different and they behave/work in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you allow your tester team to do automation scripting then it is possible that they can cover many more test cases and scenarios. So here test coverage will be high by testers than developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T07:15:05.583" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15725" CreationDate="2015-11-20T09:13:52.720" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll have to discuss this with your team and company, among other things it depends on the internal culture, skills, schedules and even internal politics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FWIW I've seen both successful and miserable results from the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test team owning entire automation, from the infrastructure to test cases and execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Separate infrastructure team, separate team adding test case and executing them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same as above but with another sub team working closely to developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One team to rule them all, aka &quot;combined engineering&quot;. This may require a team dedicated to maintaining and building the test infrastructure itself&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T09:13:52.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15726" CreationDate="2015-11-20T09:19:49.943" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;When working with agile (or any methodology) I would suggest making your &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.testlodge.com/qa-and-development-working-in-parallel/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testers part of the team&lt;/a&gt;, rather having a separate QA team which is isolated from all the work. (This also means sitting the testers with the developers if you are in the same office.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your points above you have listed a lot of tasks, these tasks are not the sole responsibility of the tester, the whole team needs to be getting involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;prepare stories for the future sprint with business analysts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preparing stories should be done by the product owner and if this is not possible, then the whole team should be sharing the responsibly and ideally doing this before any planning session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Discuss stories of the current sprint with developers and BAs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This shouldn't be needed in agile, everyone should have been in that planning meeting, so have a good idea of what is going on to start with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;keep an eye on broken build on CI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as much the dev's responsibility as the testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Work with product owner for the demo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, let the developers get involved with this, they are the ones who worked on the stories, so they should also teke responsibility for demoing them. On a previous project I was involved in, each developer was responsible for putting a short demo together of each of the stories that they worked on and would take it in turn to show these to the product owner. The tester would still be in the room and give an update on the QA side, but it was the developers who actually did the demo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You get the idea, share the workload ....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following article may also interest you that we have written &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.testlodge.com/the-role-of-qa-in-agile/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blog.testlodge.com/the-role-of-qa-in-agile/&lt;/a&gt; which goes into more detail on how a tester can get involved with a QA team when working with agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do have a team of many testers, then one thing you could do to keep the communication going between them is let them have a scrum of scrums, where they all meet briefly and provide each other with an update. (This doesn't have to be once a day, experiment with different time periods and find out what works best.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T16:58:23.727" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T16:58:23.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15499" CreationDate="2015-11-20T11:17:51.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Upload File&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy your Path in Clipboard (as Shown in the code)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Press &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;V&lt;/kbd&gt;and hit &lt;kbd&gt;Enter&lt;/kbd&gt; using robot class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;StringSelection selection = new StringSelection(file);&#xA;Clipboard clipboard = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard();&#xA;clipboard.setContents(selection, selection);&#xA;&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-11-20T13:07:40.950" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T13:07:40.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15544" CreationDate="2015-11-20T12:15:13.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Explicit wait, Comment all your code after loginButton.click(); and add following 2 lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ajax_loginform']/p[1]&quot;), &quot;ERROR: Invalid login credentials.&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicit wait will wait until your text condition appears, if your text does not appear within 30 sec it will throw an error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T12:15:13.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15690" CreationDate="2015-11-20T12:26:49.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use following Xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@class='title']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also make sure variable in which you are saving the element is of WebElement type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T12:26:49.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15656" CreationDate="2015-11-20T12:32:00.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try using robot class of java, following is the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE);&#xA;r.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T08:58:22.387" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T08:58:22.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15735" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-11-20T12:59:48.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestComplete is a functional automated testing platform developed by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smartbear.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the SmartBear Software&lt;/a&gt;. TestComplete gives testers the ability to create automated tests for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Windows&lt;/a&gt;, Web, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Android (operating system)&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iOS&lt;/a&gt; applications. Tests can be recorded, scripted or manually created with keyword driven operations and used for automated playback and error logging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete is broken out into three modules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desktop&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each module contains functionality for creating automated tests on that specified platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete is used for testing many different application types including Web, Windows, Android, iOS, WPF, HTML5, Flash, Flex, Silverlight, .NET, VCL and Java. It automates functional testing and back-end testing like database testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-20T16:17:11.753" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T16:17:11.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15736" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-11-20T12:59:48.583" Score="0" Body="TestComplete is a functional automated testing platform developed by the SmartBear Software." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T16:58:17.607" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T16:58:17.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15740" CreationDate="2015-11-20T15:20:53.850" Score="1" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to write and execute some test scripts and provide evidence on a short time-frame. The basic scenario revolves around creating work requests in one system, and approving or rejecting them in another system. Each individual test begins with the creation of a work request, so I have a unit test for that. Rather than copy those into my other tests (since if I change the test for creating a work request I now have to change all of them) I'm just making my first step &quot;Create a work request as in scenario 1&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the pros and cons of this approach? Is this considered a best practice? Is there a better alternative to this approach (other than... not allowing this to get into a time crunch where I have to skimp on the quality of my test scripts... obviously...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T11:15:45.173" Title="When creating a manual test script, can I reference other test scripts?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15738" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-20T15:32:07.613" Score="1" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for some piece of software that allows me to track interaction during manual testing to log what was tested (which elements were clicked, what was written to the input, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start this tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute some manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop this tool and generate report (maybe with screenshots) -&#xA;.xmind, .xml, .txt, doesn't really matter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to wrap psr (windows utility) in C#, but our tested application is half Windows MFC and half web app in chromium, so PSR didn't handle chromium window well (it didn't recognized single web elements).&#xA;Can you recommend me a tool, that works with both technologies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15352" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T21:39:07.390" Title="Tracking manual testing interaction" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15738" CreationDate="2015-11-20T15:46:42.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of test tracking tools or test case management tools,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some SaS ( pay by user)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestRail&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testlodge.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLodge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some one off purchases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj635157.aspx?f=255&amp;amp;MSPPError=-2147217396&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft Test Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoftBear Test Complete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some FreeWare&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://moztrap.mozilla.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MozTrap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with any software selection, carefully consider why you want to use the product and what you want it to help you achieve.  All those I have provided as examples allow you to manage your manual tests (and import them to get you started).  You can then &quot;run&quot; your suites and keep track of tests you have / have not completed.  As you requested, they will all make you pretty reports to report back to the boss!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to &quot;track&quot; your tests then SmartBear's and Microsoft's solutions allow you to record your actions.  There is often a (large) cost associated with the functionality but I would actually recommend you attempt to outline your tests Then follow them to ensure they are repeatable, but again, evaluate the various options and select the one best suited to your specific needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T15:46:42.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15737" CreationDate="2015-11-20T15:53:08.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My general rule of thumb is the same if you are automating or running/writing the tests manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;If a dependent class/script changed would your tests fail as a result&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the answer is yes, its not appropriate to reference the script.  If the answer is no, then it may well be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Script 1 (login success)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to login page www.12345.com/login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter Username &quot;admin&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter Password &quot;password&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Script 2 (click button)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run &quot;Script 1 (login success)&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example, if I were to update &quot;Script 1&quot; with new valid login credentials then &quot;Script 2&quot; would remain unchanged.  That would make it an appropriate candidate to be referenced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other potential questions to ask when considering referencing other test steps;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is the referenced step always required?&lt;/strong&gt;  For example, if i login in a previous test then will you still be able to follow the test steps?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does referencing a script add additional complexity?&lt;/strong&gt; Referencing one consistent test can be viable but if you separate out 4 or 5 then it can become very complicated to follow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does referencing a script save time in execution?&lt;/strong&gt; If you only need to login in 2 out of 100 tests, then referencing the other scenario might actually take longer than following it in a linear manner.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-23T11:15:45.173" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T11:15:45.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15706" CreationDate="2015-11-20T17:21:23.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; is one of the most popular &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;free and open source load testing tools&lt;/a&gt;, it is cross-platform, has GUI and provides record-and-replay functionality via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;built-in proxy server&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simulating different networks is covered in &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.apache.org/jmeter/Controlling%20Bandwidth%20in%20JMeter%20to%20simulate%20different%20networks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Controlling Bandwidth in JMeter to simulate different networks&lt;/a&gt; article, basically you need to change one property: &lt;code&gt;httpclient.socket.http.cps=0&lt;/code&gt; for HTTP or &lt;code&gt;httpclient.socket.https.cps=0&lt;/code&gt; for HTTPS protocol. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;cps&lt;/code&gt; stands for &quot;characters per second&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. 500 HTTP Code isn't something you can &quot;send&quot;, it is something you will receive in case of server internal error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T17:21:23.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15725" CreationDate="2015-11-20T20:33:21.260" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't specify whether the developers are already writing tests at lower levels than the UI, e.g. unit/component/API level tests. It's also not clear how closely the developers and testers work together currently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd agree with Rsf that it depends very much on internal culture, skills etc, which only you and your team can decide. But here are some suggestions for things that might factor into your decision making:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testability&lt;/strong&gt;. As the people building the application, the developers have a lot of power to enhance the testability of the app. If they're building the automation too, then they obviously have some motivation to make life easier for themselves, but if the team works well together, they can help enhance testability just by talking to the people automating the UI and being willing to make changes to help - could be something small, like adding an id, or something a little bigger, like adding the ability to clear a cache so you don't have your tests failing occasionally because you can't reset the state of something. Discuss what the best way is for the team to improve testability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Investigating failures&lt;/strong&gt;. When the tests fail, who will spend time figuring out what the issue is? If the first person to pick that task up is a tester, will they work with a developer? Will they get to a certain point and hand over to a dev? What is that point, and what priority will you &lt;em&gt;as a team&lt;/em&gt; give to getting failing checks to green again? (Note: if the team doesn't care about fixing/investigating failing tests - then maybe they shouldn't bother spending the time writing them.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How easy/quick are they to run?&lt;/strong&gt; This is related to the previous point. If it's hard to set up and run the tests, or they take 12 hours to run - no developer will want to run them. Investing in building good infrastructure is worth doing as a team, regardless of who writes the tests that run on it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understanding overall coverage&lt;/strong&gt;. If you have different people writing unit tests, API test, UI tests - they need to talk at some point, to figure out what's already covered by other tests, what could be pushed down to a lower level, what is missing from all of them and really should be covered somewhere. This could be as straightforward as a 5-10 minute chat at some point in the process, or it could be a formal review. Whatever will work for the team. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Creating a maintainable, reliable framework&lt;/strong&gt;. You will probably want to sit down and refactor from time to time, as you learn more about what you need (and see what's causing issues). Would it still be valuable for developers to pair on this, even if they are not usually writing tests for the framework? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think my main suggestion though would be that you shouldn't consider test automation as a single task that has to either be done by one group or another. It's actually a number of different tasks and skills, and you could either choose to divide those tasks between the groups, or you could also share work by having members of both groups pair on tasks where needed. There are more options than either/or.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T20:33:21.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2015-11-20T20:59:12.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone interested enough to open this question should &lt;em&gt;absolutely&lt;/em&gt; make time to watch Martin Hynie's talk, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/2015/04/testbash-video-whats-in-a-name-experimenting-with-testing-job-titles-martin-hynie/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;What's In a Name? Experimenting with Testing Job Titles&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He essentially conducted an 18 month experiment with renaming the test team in his company with different names (from Tech Research to Business Analysis and more): it had a surprising and immediate effect on how testers were treated - from suddenly being invited to meetings, the outcry when titles were changed back to software tester, the perception that the renaming meant that this had brought entirely new skills into the organisation (when most of the team had been there over five years!). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion: names make a far bigger difference than you might realise, and the actual skills your test team possess may well be overlooked because people don't expect them from a test team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T20:59:12.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15738" CreationDate="2015-11-20T21:23:30.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIT&lt;/a&gt; and record macros as you test. If it were web browser only, using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;'s click-and-record would be just fine. In the past I have also kept &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/download/fiddler/fiddler2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; running as I tested. Those logs can be packaged and added to the tickets for the developers to comb over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-11-20T21:23:30.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15718" CreationDate="2015-11-20T21:36:32.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PostMan&lt;/a&gt; (free Chrome App) to create tests and save them into a collection. You can then fire off the collection as needed (like after a build).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T09:15:22.773" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T09:15:22.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15746" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15773" CreationDate="2015-11-20T22:01:08.797" Score="1" ViewCount="1540" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Coded UI in VSTS 2013 for creating automated tests using Coded UI Test Builder. I am able to create tests successfully but not able to view their result files. I found that there is a folder &lt;strong&gt;TestResults&lt;/strong&gt; at the project location but it contains only images. I am not able to find the &lt;code&gt;.trx&lt;/code&gt; files for the test results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I tried using the below settings for saving the result files to a different location, this works but as soon as the test case execution is over, test result folders created at this location disappears. In addition to it I am not able to find anything related to this execution in the &lt;strong&gt;Test Results&lt;/strong&gt; window, only &lt;strong&gt;Test Explorer&lt;/strong&gt; window shows the progress and execution result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;RunSettings&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;RunConfiguration&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;ResultsDirectory&amp;gt;C:\Dhiman\CUITTestResults&amp;lt;/ResultsDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/RunConfiguration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/RunSettings&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used the following links for the reference&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/jj635153.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/jj635153.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14754354/vs2012-unit-tests-how-to-change-the-location-of-the-testresults-folder&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14754354/vs2012-unit-tests-how-to-change-the-location-of-the-testresults-folder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need the &lt;code&gt;.trx&lt;/code&gt; files so that I can create HTML report from them using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://trx2html.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trx2html&lt;/a&gt; application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T16:24:22.560" Title="Not able to find Coded UI .trx result files" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15738" CreationDate="2015-11-21T07:35:16.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you write C# code you probably already use Visual Studio, if so evaluate Microsoft Test Manager because it is fully integrated with Visual Studio and Team Foundation Server. Microsoft Test Manager has a dedicated set of features for running and managing manual tests with the possibility to import stack traces directly from your builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you could consider Telerik Test Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T07:35:16.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11935" CreationDate="2015-11-21T07:38:07.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Randomized testing certainly makes more sense than testing by example. Different situations would need different solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Random Users (or other objects)&lt;/em&gt;: need that they are created every time test runs. Or they pick it by some query, but this is less robust.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Testing validation&lt;/em&gt; with random data is the simplest - you generate required values with existing libraries and check if validation passed or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Testing algorithms/calculations&lt;/em&gt; may require more complex approach - Property Based Testing. Instead of checking the output value you check the properties of the result. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Randomized Behaviour&lt;/em&gt; is another nice technique when you can invoke random functions of your system. This can be achieved with Model Based Testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find more information about different techniques in &lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/randomized-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another question is how to &lt;strong&gt;simplify&lt;/strong&gt; tests that leverage randomization: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most of the time you can afford creating your own domain model for the tests (or reusing classes used for production code). Such objects (e.g. &lt;code&gt;User&lt;/code&gt;) when created can have &lt;em&gt;all the required fields filled by default&lt;/em&gt;. E.g. if User needs username, password, email then you generate them randomly when you create a user (e.g. &lt;code&gt;User.random()&lt;/code&gt;). If in tests you check username in particular, you can override it with the one needed for the tests. This way only data needed for the tests will be present in tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Do not move data from the code into external files&lt;/em&gt; - otherwise you won't be able to randomly generate them or this will be much harder.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Build test pyramid&lt;/em&gt; to keep most of the tests at Unit, Component levels. If you have thousands of System tests then the odds of collisions are getting higher because old records are left from previous runs. This may be an issue for the cases when you test min boundary for unique fields (e.g. it's 1 symbol). Lower level tests don't have this problem because they don't have storage or it's short living.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Use specialized libs&lt;/em&gt; like &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/qala/datagen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Datagen&lt;/a&gt; for Java or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/random-ext&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;random-ext&lt;/a&gt; for JS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastEditorUserId="14881" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T21:21:40.753" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T21:21:40.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15718" CreationDate="2015-11-21T07:51:32.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's Java, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jayway/rest-assured&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RestAssured&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;get(&quot;/lotto&quot;).then().assertThat().body(&quot;lotto.lottoId&quot;, equalTo(5))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option for JVM based language is Groovy's &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jgritman/httpbuilder/wiki/RESTClient&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RestClient&lt;/a&gt; which is going to look even better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assert 5 == rest.get('/lotto').data.lotto.lottoId&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the number of these tests should be lower than the number of unit/component tests devs wrote. These tests will be slower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often it's also possible to re-use the very same Component tests Dev wrote, but run them in 2 modes - as System tests and as Component tests. You'd just need to create an abstraction that separates the way tests access the SUT. In most cases though it's not necessary and just a small number of System tests is enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastEditorUserId="14881" LastEditDate="2015-11-21T07:58:20.960" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T07:58:20.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15718" CreationDate="2015-11-21T12:58:39.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First list out the rest actions you are supporting and the actual URL's in your application.  These are also called endpoints of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then create test skeletons and templates that can be used and applied for each of the supported rest actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T12:58:39.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12479" CreationDate="2015-11-21T14:48:33.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is always a balance between over and under specifying it.&#xA;Over specify and tests become too brittle, i.e. they easily break when the page is changed.  Under specify and the selection is not unique enough to guarantee actually selecting the right element.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would consider using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.bgTypes .bgTypeOption *[role=button] # If button is unique&#xA;.bgTypes .bgTypeOption *[title=&quot;#ff8081&quot;] # Multiple buttons, Title distinguishes&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also like the selection to be as readable as possible, in order to act as documentation (like tests) and the above read &quot;for this application thing called bgTypes, for one bgType option, a button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also try to add an id or data-attribute that helps in the source code if possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T14:48:33.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2015-11-21T14:55:55.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Quality Engineer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most recently (last 3 years) in my last two positions I've been going by Quality Engineer.  This puts the person at a similar level to Software Engineer and has reflected the desire for folks who are more more technical, are writing code and creating automated solutions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality Assurance is all too frequently associated with &quot;Manual Testing&quot; (once of the reasons why I don't just say &quot;testers&quot;, though I do feel the need to do that sometimes in the right situations.  QA is also often an entry path for new engineers or interns and so doesn't have the same weight of Quality Engineering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T14:55:55.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15754" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-21T15:49:15.240" Score="0" ViewCount="957" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me with sample code please. &#xA;I have to login with SSL client certificate to authenticate in IE, this UI only works in IE. &#xA;I have this Autoit Script but the popup is not being read by Autoit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WinWaitActivate (“Request For Permission to Use a Key”)&#xA;Send(“{SHIFTUP}{SHIFTUP}{TAB}”)&#xA;Send(“password”)&#xA;Send(“{ENTER}”)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v94MA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v94MA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried with Java Robot and: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(&quot;Request For Permission to Use a Key&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15366" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:27:03.437" LastActivityDate="2019-05-02T10:02:00.383" Title="How to Code this SSL Certificate Dialog, with Selenium IEdriver &quot;request for permission to use a key&quot; IE 8 9 11" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15755" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15757" CreationDate="2015-11-21T16:48:50.707" Score="0" ViewCount="3889" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();&#xA;         driver.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;    String baseUrl = &quot;http://www.biletix.com/search/TURKIYE/en#!city_sb:istanbul,date_sb:weekend&quot;;&#xA;         driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;          WebElement myDynamicElement =&#xA;                    new WebDriverWait(driver, 220).until(&#xA;    ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;all_result&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;         System.out.println(  myDynamicElement.getText());&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Timed out after 220 seconds waiting for presence of element located by: By.id: all_result&#xA;Build info: version: '2.48.2', revision: '41bccdd', time: '2015-10-09 19:55:52'&#xA;System info: host: '-PC', ip: '192.168.1.203', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_79'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.timeoutException(WebDriverWait.java:80)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(FluentWait.java:261)&#xA;    at Main.main(Main.java:167)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element with ID: all_result&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.48.2', revision: '41bccdd', time: '2015-10-09 19:55:52'&#xA;System info: host: '-PC', ip: '192.168.1.203', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_79'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: HtmlUnitDriver&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElementById(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1018)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ById.findElement(By.java:218)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver$5.call(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1715)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver$5.call(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.implicitlyWaitFor(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1363)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElement(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1711)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElement(HtmlUnitDriver.java:606)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.findElement(ExpectedConditions.java:911)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.access$0(ExpectedConditions.java:909)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions$6.apply(ExpectedConditions.java:181)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions$6.apply(ExpectedConditions.java:1)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(FluentWait.java:238)&#xA;    ... 1 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives above errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when i use firefox like that,no errors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;String baseUrl = &quot;http://www.biletix.com/search/TURKIYE/en#!city_sb:istanbul,date_sb:weekend&quot;;&#xA;driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement =&#xA;                        new WebDriverWait(driver, 50).until(&#xA;                        ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;all_result&quot;)));&#xA;System.out.println(  myDynamicElement.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For html driver, unworking code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();&#xA;     driver.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;String baseUrl = &quot;http://www.biletix.com/search/TURKIYE/en#!city_sb:istanbul,date_sb:weekend&quot;;&#xA;     driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;      WebElement myDynamicElement =&#xA;                new WebDriverWait(driver, 220).until(&#xA;ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;all_result&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;     System.out.println(  myDynamicElement.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(BrowserVersion.FIREFOX_38);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also did this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;          capabilities.setBrowserName(&quot;Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:24.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/24.0&quot;);&#xA;          capabilities.setVersion(&quot;24.0&quot;);      &#xA;          capabilities.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but still same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15367" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-11-22T06:31:35.410" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T06:31:35.410" Title="Can not find selenium webdriver element in HtmlUnitDriver but can find it in Firefox" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15754" CreationDate="2015-11-21T17:07:15.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use you browser window name to find the window. Then perform the certificate accept sequence. That should solve your problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/functions.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/functions.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SeleniumTest.java&#xA;&#xA;package tests;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Handling_Windows_Based_Prompt {&#xA;&#xA;      public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{&#xA;      WebDriver c1 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;      c1.get(“http://my.test..in”);&#xA;      Runtime.getRuntime().exec(“E:\\authenticationFF.exe”);&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA;    authenticationFF.au3&#xA;&#xA;    WinWaitActive(“Authentication Required”,””,”10″)&#xA;    If WinExists(“Authentication Required”) Then&#xA;       Send(“CHENNAI/sumand{TAB}”)&#xA;       Send(“smartek@1212{ENTER}”)&#xA;    EndIf&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-22T06:35:33.393" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T06:35:33.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15755" CreationDate="2015-11-21T18:06:19.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As i wanted a headless browser, i tried to use &lt;code&gt;phantomjs&lt;/code&gt; and i succeed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File file = new File(&quot;lib/phantomjs-2.0.0-windows/bin/phantomjs.exe&quot;);  &#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;phantomjs.binary.path&quot;, file.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;WebDriver driver = new PhantomJSDriver();&#xA;String baseUrl = &quot;http://www.biletix.com/search/TURKIYE/en#!city_sb:istanbul,date_sb:weekend&quot;;&#xA;driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because i dont want to use firefox driver and htmlunitdriver rhino is low for this, i tried phantom and it is really cool. Thanks everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15367" LastActivityDate="2015-11-21T18:06:19.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15758" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15790" CreationDate="2015-11-22T09:56:29.483" Score="1" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a collection of REST API tests, WebDriver based tests, Appium based tests and additional tests that run via shell. All written in C#. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All tests are written as VS unit tests, and in the case of the shell tests, are executed via a visual studio unit test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently all I have is a collection of VS unit tests, which I'm pretty happy with. However, I need to support some extra flow control for the test run. &#xA;If one of the tests fails, I wish to run some other specific tests, and run the failed one again at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which tool or tools can support this logic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15369" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T14:55:46.760" Title="Tool(s) for running C# tests with flow control" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15725" CreationDate="2015-11-22T10:45:14.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are too many variables currently not reported in your question, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how many members will join the team? And will they be in common with other projects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do you expect to have dedicated testers and developers? Or can they change role?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;will product owner be dedicated to the project or shared with other teams/projects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do testers have coding skills?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If testers and developers are different members of the team and testers have programming skills, I suggest you to split the automation tasks into two:&#xA;Developers: they should write unit tests and component tests for assuring the stability of core parts of the software;&#xA;Testers: they should write functional tests with the aim of validating and verifying the user requirements. Functional tests may include end to end testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Useless to say that manual testing is another story and should be managed separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-11-23T06:30:48.653" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T06:30:48.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15758" CreationDate="2015-11-22T11:12:58.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you ever thought to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Telerik Just Code: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/help/justcode/faq-how-to-use-unit-test-window.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.telerik.com/help/justcode/faq-how-to-use-unit-test-window.html&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or, Nunit: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nunit/nunit/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/nunit/nunit/wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of them can help you to add more control to you test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T11:12:58.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15722" CreationDate="2015-11-22T20:11:52.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure whether you have access of your project internal database or logs of any jobs that need to process your data, but this would be your best try IMHO.&#xA;For example, let's take your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    if anyVariable == true&#xA;       ComponentX MUST NOT send a signal to ComponentY&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, since &lt;code&gt;ComponentX&lt;/code&gt; will not send a signal to &lt;code&gt;ComponentY&lt;/code&gt; leaves you kind of naked, with not much that you could do. In this case, you should go the opposite way. Based on your example that will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if anyVariable == false&#xA;       ComponentX MUST send a signal to ComponentY&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, this means that &lt;code&gt;ComponentX&lt;/code&gt; will be processed by a job (e.g. ESP, API, WebService, etc) or just trigger some SP from your DB, just to mention a few. Well, now this means that a trace of that processing will remain somewhere, like some logs for your job, data updated or inserted in your database, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, going back, to follow your example, to verify the &quot;not happening&quot; functionality, you will check that there are no traces in the locations mentioned above. This will assure that what doesn't need to happen will not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this all depends on how the application under test is built, because usually developers will want to have some traces for &quot;not happening&quot; features too, mostly for debugging purposes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastActivityDate="2015-11-22T20:11:52.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15764" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="47000" CreationDate="2015-11-23T08:28:57.037" Score="4" ViewCount="777" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test my application with some remote numbers (e.g. South African). What I will do is call an API which itself sends certain USSD message on the number. I want to check the behaviour of the mobile. Is any service available for such testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15374" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T12:10:21.483" LastActivityDate="2021-03-05T04:57:27.693" Title="How can I test Remote mobile device for SMS and USSD messages?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-23T09:08:43.670" Score="2" ViewCount="4038" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been assigned to verify posted data on a website developed on wordpress. Data has been posted manually through wordpress admin panel. I have given ms excel sheet and I have to verify every record from ms excel to website. There are near about 1000 records. It is really weird to verify all 1000 records one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any automation tool for this task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2016-01-10T07:27:17.667" Title="Is there any automation tool to verify data with ms excel sheet?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15765" CreationDate="2015-11-23T09:44:26.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If u have knowledge of selenium then, &#xA;you can use Selenium Webdriver with java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the excel data using Apache POI &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the data from website (which you are comparing) using driver.gettext() method with its element locator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use assert ,if/else or control structure to verify.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-09T08:23:36.463" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T08:23:36.463" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15764" CreationDate="2015-11-23T09:49:18.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did such testing with my previous telecom company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Method 1:&lt;/em&gt; Search in google &quot;receive sms online verification&quot; you end&#xA;with number of virtual number websites, select your required country.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Method 2:&lt;/em&gt; If you using any specific SMS gateways then use SMPP&#xA;Protocol tool provided by the SMS platform company, it show the&#xA;status when SMS is delivered to customer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Method 3:&lt;/em&gt; Make few friends from that country and tell them to check&#xA;your sent SMS status on their mobile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T02:58:00.747" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T02:58:00.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15768" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-23T10:52:36.463" Score="2" ViewCount="885" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a software architect &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we use selenium tests with nunit and c#&#xA;i am trying to run jmeter load testing using firefox jmeter recorder (for blazemeter)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i was sure selenium has its own cross platform language that you write to but looking at the tests my teams wrote i see it all 100% c# and typed c#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how can i take some of their tests and put them in the jmeter? does anyone know of a way to do this ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15377" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-11-23T11:10:25.057" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T18:13:44.447" Title="Testing using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15768" CreationDate="2015-11-23T11:31:38.293" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I am aware the answer is that its not possible.  This mainly comes down to JMeter depending on JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blazemeter themselves &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;don't offer&lt;/a&gt; support for it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T11:31:38.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15770" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-23T11:38:44.027" Score="1" ViewCount="4770" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using squid as forward proxy server .&#xA;How Can I test performance of squid ? &#xA;Is there any tools to test proxy server ? &#xA;I am using ab2 tools for my test  .&#xA;Is it good enough to get trust-able Result ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15375" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:57:21.463" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:57:21.463" Title="How to Test Forward Proxy Performance" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;proxy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15765" CreationDate="2015-11-23T15:51:18.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It may be worth considering &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will allow for a fairly low learning curve to get you up and running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumframework.com/data-driven-framework/data-drive-with-excel/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; to use it in conjunction with excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although other tools are available which will accomplish the task, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;, the setup time may not prove beneficial in the scenario you describe.  But here is a tutorial if that is the direction you &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/data-driven-testing-excel-poi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;choose&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T15:51:18.070" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15746" CreationDate="2015-11-23T16:12:20.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run my Coded UI tests from the commandline with &lt;code&gt;/Logger:trx&lt;/code&gt; this generates a .trx file &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;vstest.console.exe &quot;MyApp\Debug\MyApp.CodedUI.Test.dll&quot; /tests:TestCase1,TestCase2 /Logger:trx&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You find the vstest.console.exe in your VS directory: &lt;code&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\Common7\IDE\CommonExtensions\Microsoft\TestWindow\&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T16:12:20.430" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15679" CreationDate="2015-11-23T20:23:21.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that servlets are particularly ever absolutely necessary for Selenium WebDriver, but I have seen some custom cases where they are used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One case in particular dealt with running Selenium Grid in AWS. It's actually a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mhardin/SeleniumGridScaler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;github project&lt;/a&gt; that allows you to take advantage of EC2 auto-scaling capabilities in AWS for your Selenium Grid nodes. Your test(s) talk to a servlet to get the status of the grid/nodes, and EC2 instances are spun up as nodes and attached to the hub depending on how many browsers/threads you requested to the servlet. Pretty neat stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15387" LastActivityDate="2015-11-23T20:23:21.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15776" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-24T07:26:50.063" Score="1" ViewCount="2031" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know how do I use the regex in jmeter to capture tokens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below this the regex I have created&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B3b8k.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B3b8k.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I have pass the values&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Uie6b.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Uie6b.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is the end results&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k9Jp9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k9Jp9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm suppose to get something like this admin:1448270860004:8b54935ad909437ed271f93c4487cdda. How do I do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13005" LastActivityDate="2016-04-23T18:21:55.143" Title="Using regex to capture authentication token" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15777" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15784" CreationDate="2015-11-24T08:34:40.083" Score="1" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need support to take ideas for a new project for my company. &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a Tool that is composed from a lot of modules that are written in Java, bash scripts and other languages. &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tool takes a file as input and produces a lot of file as output. &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The input file is compiled from customers, and is composed with more than 1000 parameters, that can also not be there. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Normally we receive until 1000 input files at day, and the most of them are processed automatically. A minimum of these files have problems and are processed manually with the tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every 3 months there are changes that we have to introduce in the tool and there are not only one responsible form modules, but we are in 15 people that work on it, with different Java, script levels of knowledge. &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this moment we want to have a tool that help us to see, if we made changes, that the older input files also work (like as Regression test). &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The people that will develop this system are developers (mostly Java, with good knowledge of Javascript and Spring). &lt;br&gt;&#xA;The people that will configure the scenarios are not developer, but technicians. &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now the questions are: &lt;br&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA; 1. it is better to start over the tool, or better to start over single modules? &lt;br&gt;&#xA; 2. how to manage the complexity of input file with a lot of parameters and the same at output with file with a lot of parameters to check?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ideas are:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;for 1. make a great effort over the tool, can during a lot of time, with not feedback for a long time (we don't know where we are going), but we have a &quot;Integration&quot; check&lt;br&gt;&#xA;for 1. start over a single module give us a faster feedback, but we lose the &quot;Integration&quot; check&lt;br&gt;&#xA;for 2. we have to configure every possibility as input, and check all outputs at level of tool and module -&gt; great scenario configuration at beginning, great maintenance of new scenarios, high time traversal of test for all scenarios, high quality &lt;br&gt;&#xA;for 2. configure the main scenarios -&gt; medium scenario configuration at beginning, medium maintenance of new scenarios, medium time traversal of test for all scenarios, medium quality &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think there are other options now. But I don't know which or I don't know what or where read to find ideas or solutions about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Txs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15392" LastEditorUserId="15392" LastEditDate="2015-11-24T10:18:15.260" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T13:25:09.540" Title="Test Tool for our environment" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15778" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-24T08:54:43.573" Score="2" ViewCount="2816" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I set the value to &lt;a href=&quot;https://codemirror.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;codeMirror&lt;/a&gt; text field through Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to click on the text field through xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But not able to set a value to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; method, but it's not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried first clicking the text field and then using &lt;code&gt;sendkey()&lt;/code&gt; method, still no luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[5]/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[3]/div[1]/pre&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: HTML code is as mentioned below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;CodeMirror-scroll&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; draggable=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative; min-height: 100%;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;CodeMirror-sizer&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 29px; min-height:75.5px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative; top: 0px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;CodeMirror-lines&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative; outline: medium none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;CodeMirror-measure&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative; z-index: 1; display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;CodeMirror-cursor&quot; style=&quot;left: 4px; top: 0px; height: 14px;&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15394" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T03:52:45.500" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T13:33:03.797" Title="How to send value into codeMirror textfield through Selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9254" CreationDate="2015-11-24T10:20:47.567" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/Winium.Desktop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/2gis/Winium.Desktop&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winium.Desktop is an open source test automation tool for automated testing of Windows application based on WinForms and WPF platforms. Winium.Desktop.Driver implements Selenium Remote WebDriver and listens for JsonWireProtocol commands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15395" LastEditorUserId="12000" LastEditDate="2019-09-21T09:27:57.473" LastActivityDate="2019-09-21T09:27:57.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-24T10:42:21.747" Score="5" ViewCount="645" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on load testing in one of e-commerce websites mean while I came across one question i.e.,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am doing the load testing from India. Whether it will be having any changes in results if  I do load testing from USA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note :&#xA;By considering the same environment and application is on live server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-11-24T12:15:21.887" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T17:32:14.950" Title="Are load testing results affected by location, e.g. India vs. USA" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15768" CreationDate="2015-11-24T10:49:00.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are not locked to Blazemeter and JMeter, you can accomplish similar with Microsoft's own &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn250793.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;load testing tool&lt;/a&gt; (but there is a cost associated)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a &lt;a href=&quot;http://fluentbytes.com/testing-your-web-application-with-selenium-and-mtm-part-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; on how to integrate the two, hopefully it will help as a starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-24T11:14:23.440" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T11:14:23.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15780" CreationDate="2015-11-24T12:00:44.560" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very likely you will get differing results.  Especially in response times.  This is mainly due to latency caused by the Geographical distribution.  This will become important if response times is one of the metrics you are using to understand the website's ability to cope/scale under load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple reflection of this is; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://amazon.co.uk/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://amazon.co.uk/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;and compare it to &lt;a href=&quot;http://amazon.co.jp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://amazon.co.jp/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the differences in &quot;hops&quot; it makes to reach the server and the latency caused by opening a CMD window (on windows) and entering the following command&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tracert amazon.co.jp&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;followed by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tracert amazon.co.uk&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing to remember is that your load tests are comparisons of like for like.  Running one load test from India and another from the USA means you are comparing differing setups which may lead to confusion in interpreting the results.  If you run them all from India, conceptually that's fine, but (I'm guessing) the main users would be US based. I would therefore recommend running the tests from US servers if you can.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Services such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Blazemeter&lt;/a&gt; offer this functionality (as a service).  You can also achieve similar if you run your existing JMeter suite from a remote location. For example, by running it from an AWS instance in that local (US East (Northern Virginia)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-25T11:25:05.287" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T11:25:05.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15783" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15789" CreationDate="2015-11-24T12:09:32.627" Score="1" ViewCount="211" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a method that uses the &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt; class to access a sub menu link. After hovering the main menu link I need to pause before clicking on the sub menu link. So I added a &lt;code&gt;thread.sleep()&lt;/code&gt;. At this point the IDE throws an exception with 2 quick fixes as a suggestion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Add throws exception&quot; or &quot;surround with try catch block&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which one should I use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void goToAddNewPost() {&#xA;    Actions actions = new Actions(driver);      &#xA;    WebElement menuHoverLink = driver.findElement(posts);   &#xA;    actions.moveToElement(menuHoverLink).build().perform();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;    WebElement subLink = driver.findElement(addNew);        &#xA;    actions.moveToElement(subLink).click().build().perform();       &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-24T13:46:16.107" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T11:20:58.270" Title="Exception Handling when accessing sub menu" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15777" CreationDate="2015-11-24T12:16:24.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your description your areas for failure are in the interactions between the modules as opposed to put in x file get y file out.  This means tools that mimic user behavior may not be the most applicable place to improve your test coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, I would recommend focusing on Unit testing coverage with a framework such as TestNG or JUnit. There are many tool to help you understand the coverage of the unit tests, the one we happen to use is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/manage-code-coverage-by-unit-tests-with-sonar/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sonar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unit tests you write can be incorporated into a CI process (&lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; or similar) which will act as a regression suite on commit of new code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T12:16:24.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15777" CreationDate="2015-11-24T13:25:09.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could just create a batch job that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;takes a file input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;runs your tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;produces the output file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compares the new output file to a saved baseline&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reports a &quot;failure&quot; if there are any differences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run this batch job for as many of your saved baseline files as necessary (perhaps all 1000) until you have the desired level of confidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T13:25:09.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15783" CreationDate="2015-11-24T14:09:18.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go by Helping Hands answer, and wrap this in between a &lt;code&gt;try-catch&lt;/code&gt; block to catch an exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void goToAddNewPost() {&#xA;&#xA;try{&#xA;&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);      &#xA;WebElement menuHoverLink = driver.findElement(posts);   &#xA;actions.moveToElement(menuHoverLink).build().perform();&#xA;Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;WebElement subLink = driver.findElement(addNew);        &#xA;actions.moveToElement(subLink).click().build().perform();&#xA;&#xA;}catch(NoSucElementException e){&#xA;     System.out.println(&quot;No such element is found&quot;)&#xA;}catch(TimeoutException e1){&#xA;     System.out.println(&quot;Timed out but no element found&quot;)&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be the probable code , which should give you an idea. Here is a good &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/exception-handling-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;read&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, I would recommend you use a &lt;code&gt;Wait&lt;/code&gt; condition in your tests, instead of the &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep( )&lt;/code&gt;, that you are currently using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T14:09:18.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15304" CreationDate="2015-11-24T14:18:25.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you take a step back and think Why you are performing this test, then it is likley to prove the following;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The URL is to the correct file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A file is present at that location&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the file download locations are static, maybe it is enough to have an assert that checks the URL endpoint is what is expected.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want some additional peace of mind the file hasn't moved, do an AssertFalse on a 404 being returned if you do click the link.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, this avoids you having to handle the download itself but answers the questions you were asking in the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tend to avoid actually downloading files using automated suites as it will inevitably lead to deleting the files later to avoid the HDD filing up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T14:18:25.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11546" CreationDate="2015-11-24T14:32:51.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;List is defined as part of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/List.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A synopsis is, you can put items into the List in any order you wish, and that is the order in which that are returned unless you specify otherwise.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T14:32:51.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15783" CreationDate="2015-11-24T14:41:40.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you ignore what the IDE recommended (which is likely aimed at Java as opposed to Selenium users). As a general rule, test suites don't want to handle exceptions. Each test should pass/fail on a single criteria. As such, if you think something might break, write a test for it.  So, instead of handling exceptions, use an Assert to determine if the element(s) are present or not (with an appropriate failure message).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AsserTrue(driver.findElement(addNew), &quot;addNew element not present&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach will prove invaluable when you run the tests as part of a suite.  You want the test to fail, and give you its reason for doing so, without having to look at the log files to establish the cause.  It will also help intergrate with CI tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bamboo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend removing your Thread.Sleep() and instead replace it with an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;implicit wait&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-25T11:20:58.270" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T11:20:58.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15758" CreationDate="2015-11-24T14:55:46.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nunit has &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=actionAttributes&amp;amp;r=2.6.1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ActionAttributes&lt;/a&gt; which are similar conceptually to @DependsOn in TestNG.  Simple version, you can have flows of tests depending on their outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caveat:- I generally don't recommend its usage as although in and of itself, it can be used appropriately, it can very quickly add to the complexity of the testing framework.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Before you start using it, I suggest you sit down and map out all your scenarios with your team and consider the maintainability of the code going forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T14:55:46.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11604" CreationDate="2015-11-24T15:45:46.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;try this if drop down has search functionality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findelement(by.xpath(&quot;your drop down arrow button or select button path&quot;)).click&#xA;driver.findelement(by.xpath(&quot;your drop down search text box path&quot;)).sendkeys(&quot;values &quot;);&#xA;driver.findelement(by.xpath(&quot;your drop down search text box path&quot;)).sendkeys(Keys.arrowdown, keys.enter);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15399" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-24T20:12:43.547" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T20:12:43.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15746" CreationDate="2015-11-24T16:24:22.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, we couldn’t get the .trx file when we run the coded UI test in the VS 2012 IDE now, one solution is that you could run it in &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182488.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;command line&lt;/a&gt; eg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MSTest /testmetadata:Bank.vsmdi /resultsfile:BanktestResults.trx&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T16:24:22.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15793" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-24T16:26:05.370" Score="2" ViewCount="798" Body="&lt;p&gt;We want to move from MS Word to a web-based tool for our release notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What software do you use? Ideally, we want to use the same tool to track bugs and generate the Release Notes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15401" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-11-29T07:40:00.877" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T07:40:00.877" Title="What software do you use to write release notes?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-11T12:36:12.387" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15793" CreationDate="2015-11-24T16:39:27.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend a Wiki.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would allow you and your team to collaboratively update the release notes and also maintain versioning (a very important feature when you look back after something went wrong!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Couple of free options;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MediaWiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jspwiki.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSPWiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both can contain links to your other tools but if you want full integration it often comes at a cost like;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/confluence/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jira/Confluence&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.countersoft.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Countersoft/Gemini&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my office we take advantage of the integration made available by the Atlassian Suite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-25T14:42:32.067" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T14:42:32.067" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15803" CreationDate="2015-11-24T17:36:44.800" Score="2" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to do some testing on 3G for a client and I have found no other way to do so without standing in the elevator. To avoid that, is there any way to force my iPhones to stay connected on 3G only? I have Mac Minis available that I could use as a proxy if that's an option. I've looked around a bit and found one idea that doesn't apply to my situation. It says go to Settings &gt; Cellular &gt; Voice &amp;amp; Data and change some settings, but it's not listed. It could be because I have AT&amp;amp;T on the devices, but I'm not sure. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15403" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T23:16:21.620" Title="Force 3G connection for iPhone?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-11-25T12:13:30.597" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15793" CreationDate="2015-11-24T17:45:13.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on whether you ship the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For company-internal software, a Wiki works fine.  MediaWiki is free; Confluence requires a license fee but is popular.  Atlassian, the maker of Confluence, also makes Jira, a popular  bug tracking tool.  Jira requires a license fee too.  You can query Jira, stuff the results into a Confluence page, and then edit the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ship your software (or make it available for download), you may need to package the release notes in something more portable than a Wiki page.  Consider Google Docs because it's great for collaborative editing.  As far as I know, Google does not publish their own bug-tracking tool, but there are probably other bug-tracking tools that integrate with Google Docs.  Once your release notes are ready, you can export them to a PDF or whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T13:21:05.197" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T13:21:05.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15770" CreationDate="2015-11-24T17:52:03.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Theoretically you can use &lt;code&gt;-X&lt;/code&gt; parameter so traffic will go through squid, however interpreting the results won't be that easy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would choose one of the following tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; guide for more information on above options including sampler load reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given you're asking about &lt;code&gt;ab&lt;/code&gt; I guess you're Linux user, so the chance you go for  &lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt; is quite high. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/user_manual/benchmark.html#benchmarking-a-proxy-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Benchmarking a proxy server&lt;/a&gt; documentation chapter in that case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T17:52:03.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15768" CreationDate="2015-11-24T18:13:44.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSONWire&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;protocol&lt;/strong&gt; which is cross-platform. It provides different client libraries i.e. for C#, Java, Python, Ruby, JavaScript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have tests developed in C# - the easiest option to convert them into JMeter test is record and replay. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can just record running Selenium tests with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter's Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow instructions from &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Proxy Step by Step guide&lt;/a&gt; to get recorder up and running. By default it launches proxy on port 8080&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure Selenium tests to use JMeter proxy. C# and Firefox example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;string jmeterProxy = &quot;localhost:8080&quot;;&#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.Proxy proxy = new OpenQA.Selenium.Proxy();&#xA;proxy.HttpProxy=jmeterProxy;&#xA;proxy.SslProxy=jmeterProxy;&#xA;profile.SetProxyPreferences(proxy);&#xA;FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener to check whether your test is doing what it should be doing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform parametrization if required (like different usernames for different virtual users) it is usually being done via &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1740850-using-csv-data-set-config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set config&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html#adding_users&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Add virtual users&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the load test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T18:13:44.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15802" CreationDate="2015-11-24T19:49:34.823" Score="3" ViewCount="647" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently looking for ideas to test my application for Man in the middle (MITM) vulnerabilities. I was thinking about using Fiddler or Cain to examine the network traffic to see if a MITM attack is even possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a quick background: &#xA;I have two applications that use the same stack, one runs on an external network and the other runs on an internal network and accepts authenticated connections from the external application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to test the connection to ensure that nothing can be sent over in plain text (which is where Fiddler and Cain come into play). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to see if anyone out there has done any similar testing and if you had any suggestions for testing MITM attacks. It should be noted that both applications are not web based.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15406" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T14:33:25.807" Title="Ideas for testing for Man in the middle attack vulnerabilities?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15801" CreationDate="2015-11-24T23:14:58.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; to inspect network traffic. In addition to clear text passwords you can try to reuse a session token by making a call using Fiddler or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PostMan&lt;/a&gt;. Also, checkout OWASP's &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ZAP&lt;/a&gt; scanner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T23:14:58.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15796" CreationDate="2015-11-24T23:16:21.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Go to Settings&gt;General&gt;Cellular and turn Enable LTE to Off&lt;a href=&quot;https://discussions.apple.com/thread/4482992&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt; [Source]&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-11-24T23:16:21.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15718" CreationDate="2015-11-24T23:18:54.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, as it is always recommended  focus on low-level test as much as possible and write high-level test as few as possible (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Martin Fowler&lt;/a&gt; -Test Pyramid).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For high-level web-service test besides what others mentioned, I would recommend:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://frisbyjs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Frisbyjs&lt;/a&gt;: Easy to config and use. Suitable for end-2-end web-service&#xA;testing. No mocking/stubbing is possible in contrast to others e.g. rest-assured. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Give Python a try ! It is as&#xA;easy as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;response = requests.post(url, data=data_json, headers=headers)&#xA;assert (response.json() ...)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2018-11-20T10:34:10.907" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T10:34:10.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15805" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-24T23:38:58.643" Score="1" ViewCount="2046" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am first time learner of Selenium with Python and I am facing the below issue.&#xA;When I click on a &quot;Download template&quot; link in an application, the OS give the User with the options &quot;Open&quot; or &quot;Save&quot; or &quot;Save as&quot;. The script which I provided below is not able to click on &quot;Open&quot; or &quot;Save&quot; or &quot;Save as&quot; to save the file in to the desired default location on the system whoever run the script.&#xA;Once the file is stored in to a path in local machine then the script need to upload the same downloaded spread sheet using the link &quot;Process New Spreadsheet&quot; in the same application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please help me to give the complete code to &quot;Save as&quot; the downloaded spread sheet in to a default path in the System and then the code to have the same spread sheet uploaded using the link &quot;Process New Spread sheet&quot; link which is present in the same application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appreciate your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the code which work till clicking on the &quot;Download Template&quot; link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import time&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from webbrowser import Chrome&#xA;import profile&#xA;driver = webdriver.Ie('C:/Selenium/IEDriverServer')  # Optional argument, if not specified will search path.&#xA;&#xA;driver.get('http://vmslccb05:8082/');&#xA;time.sleep(5) # Let the user actually see something!&#xA;link = driver.find_element_by_link_text('Download Template')&#xA;link.click()&#xA;time.sleep(5)&#xA;&#xA;profile.set_preference('browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk', &quot;application/xml,text/xml&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;class textpath(object):&#xA;    pass&#xA;driver.find_element_by_name(&quot;Internet Explorer&quot;).send_keys(textpath)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_name('Save as').click()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id('Save as').click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15407" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-11-25T06:34:39.397" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T19:57:32.630" Title="Selenium with Python in IE 11: Unable to click on the Open or Save or Save as in the OS popup window" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-04T08:32:21.587" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15793" CreationDate="2015-11-25T00:09:42.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use Jira-Confluence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also used it at my last job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my current job we initially only has Jira (Bug Tracking) and were using evernote (shudder) for documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had the pleasure of recommending Confluence.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Because we were already an Atlassian customer it was a snap to add it and we were using it a coupler of hours later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T00:09:42.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15793" CreationDate="2015-11-25T06:34:41.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use MS TFS for tracking bugs and enhancements then we query the repository through the TFS APIs and write the content on MS Word template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: there are more ways for querying the TFS database, the simplest is creating a new TFS report with your preferred layout and execute it on a regular basis. The report outcome can be exported in several formats, included Word, and you can attach it to your release or publish it in your company/product website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The final result looks really nice and professional and it is totally automated without the need of manual editing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just take care of filling accurately the bugs database with all of the required information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-11-28T10:03:04.733" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T10:03:04.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15810" CreationDate="2015-11-25T08:34:44.163" Score="1" ViewCount="3499" Body="&lt;p&gt;The task is to open (click) menu item, e.g. &lt;code&gt;File &amp;gt;&amp;gt; Open&lt;/code&gt; using QTP 11.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K265x.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K265x.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check here &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17635/how-to-spy-drop-down-menu-in-qtp-uft&quot;&gt;how to spy drop-down menu properties with object spy&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the code that is autogenerated by QTP when I drag-and-drop &lt;code&gt;JavaMenu &quot;File&quot;&lt;/code&gt; from object repository:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;File: Test.java&quot;).JavaMenu(&quot;File&quot;).Select &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expected (from my experience of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14741/how-to-select-tab-buttons-in-java-tab-panel-in-qtp&quot;&gt;working with Java Tabbed Pane&lt;/a&gt;) that the next code should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;File: Test.java&quot;).JavaMenu(&quot;File&quot;).Select &quot;Open&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But encountered &lt;code&gt;Run Error: Inappropriate quantity of arguments or assigning value of property: JavaWindow(&quot;...&quot;).JavaMenu(&quot;...&quot;).Select&lt;/code&gt; (my translation of localized QTP message)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it lools like &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; should not take any arguments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T07:01:54.207" LastActivityDate="2019-06-28T07:35:41.387" Title="How to select an item in java menu with automation tool QTP/UFT?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;menu&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15809" CreationDate="2015-11-25T08:34:44.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution is to access menu items on drop-down pane with &lt;code&gt;descriptive programming&lt;/code&gt; and use &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; function without arguments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;File: Test.java&quot;).JavaMenu(&quot;File&quot;).JavaMenu(&quot;label:=Open&quot;).Select&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works fine, but finally I came to the usage of pure descriptive programming (DP) to avoid usage of object repository:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;label:=File: Test.java*&quot;).JavaMenu(&quot;label:=File&quot;).JavaMenu(&quot;label:=Open&quot;).Select&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T09:45:10.120" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T09:45:10.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15811" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15812" CreationDate="2015-11-25T09:12:37.283" Score="3" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a bit of a dilemma, I have recently taken over an automated suite of tests written in Selenium/Java for a legacy project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trouble is, the suite has consistently had a 40% Fail rate and as such has historically been ignored.  What I mean by that is if a new test fails then people have simply stopped looking at why and they are ignored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I better off commenting out/@ignoring/removing the failing tests to have the suite pass and re-enable the tests as I fix them over time? Or is it preferable to leave the failing tests and slowly fix them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T06:50:26.857" Title="How best to start making a suite of broken tests relevant again?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15811" CreationDate="2015-11-25T09:45:33.977" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;First priority should be for everyone to trust the test suite again, failing tests suites will not give this feeling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disable all the broken tests and run all the tests a hundred times to also get rid of all the flickering tests (that work sometimes, but not always).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start running the tests on each commit or at-least daily to make sure the tests can be trusted to work and find issues and not fail because of any other thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can start working on all the disabled tests and enable them again one by one. But maybe focus on more critical parts of the application that have high risk or are known to be brittle. Maybe the old tests are not really worth your time. Decided that on a case by case basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T09:45:33.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15811" CreationDate="2015-11-25T10:38:13.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Better you separate tests which are running 100% successful.So at least your 60% test cases get ready to automate. After that you can concentrate on failed tests and fix them time by time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not completely remove/delete failed tests because it is better to fix already created things rather than to create completely from beginning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-11-25T10:45:56.623" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T10:45:56.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15815" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-11-25T11:52:29.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A menu is a user interface mechanism that provides the user a means to view and execute application operations. Menus can be simple lists, or can be hierarchical with sub-menus. Typical menu types include drop-down menus that are accessed from a menu bar and context menus that are accessed by clicking on a control. Menus often have accelerator keys which provide the user a quick way to open a menu or execute a menu operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-25T14:13:24.210" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T14:13:24.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15816" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-11-25T11:52:29.790" Score="0" Body="A menu is a user interface mechanism that provides the user a means to view and execute application operations. (Generic; please use platform and/or language tags when possible instead)" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T08:57:28.953" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T08:57:28.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14378" CreationDate="2015-11-25T13:07:34.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It varies from place to place depending on their culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on my experience, and the way I prefer to interview people for lead positions then the technical, process and managerial parts will take most of the interview time but the answers to them will not have a right or wrong answer, and will usually lead to a short discussion and followup questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to bear in mind that the interviewer is trying to understand how do you think, how do you solve problems or how smart are you and not how much knowledge you memorized over the years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that for most of the questions any answer is accepted as long as you can justify it in the right context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T13:07:34.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15801" CreationDate="2015-11-25T14:33:25.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I do not much knowledge or experience in Security testing, so my assumption may be flawed&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the ways, you can test for the MITM is by simulating one on your test system. You can then analyse your system , and find the possible loopholes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I see this &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/33374/whats-an-easy-way-to-perform-a-man-in-the-middle-attack-on-ssl&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; where they have given this process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This other link &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4343483/how-to-test-a-man-in-the-middle-https-proxy&quot;&gt;talks&lt;/a&gt; about a Software which acts as a MITM proxy. There are some test cases discussed, which you can take a clue from and use them in your testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools : &lt;a href=&quot;http://tools.kali.org/tag/ssl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This might be of some help for you&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T14:33:25.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15776" CreationDate="2015-11-25T14:34:23.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you want the Auth token to enable login authentication in the request. Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1743663-how-to-use-jmeter-for-login-authentication-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; on a means of accomplishing this task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T14:34:23.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15778" CreationDate="2015-11-25T14:59:10.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have had a play with the field.  Newly entered text creates a new tag depending on where it is entered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;!-- Create a simple CodeMirror instance --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;lib/codemirror.css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;lib/codemirror.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;  var editor = CodeMirror.fromTextArea(myTextarea, {&#xA;    monkey&#xA;    lineNumbers: true&#xA;  });&#xA;  monkey&#xA;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These changes then create new values as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;pre class=&quot; CodeMirror-line &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span style=&quot;padding-right: 0.1px;&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;cm-property&quot;&amp;gt;monkey&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;span style=&quot;padding-right: 0.1px;&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;cm-variable&quot;&amp;gt;monkey&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Realistically, this will mean you need to insert the value in the specific location (xpath) required and I don't think you can accomplish it by simply selecting the box and sending keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T08:57:19.287" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T08:57:19.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15780" CreationDate="2015-11-25T17:32:14.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will. According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Glossary&lt;/a&gt; JMeter's &quot;Response Time&quot; is actual server's response time + latency and when application under test and JMeter are on different world's ends it'll take some time for request to reach the server, same for the response. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-analyze-results-load-test-using-blazemeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Analyze the Results of a Load Test&lt;/a&gt; as an evidence of the Latency metric importance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-25T17:32:14.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15823" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-26T06:08:29.223" Score="0" ViewCount="1521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a tool to automate a few steps in android mobile on UI level like enable Mobile data/wifi, Download an app from play store, Sign in to google account, Download an apk using mobile browser.Can someone please point out which open source tool available on market is suitable.Also it would be great if it has record and playback feature like Selenium IDE for web testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14849" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T08:22:38.900" Title="Any open source tool for recording android mobile user interaction with playback like selenium IDE for web?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15824" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-26T06:44:39.747" Score="4" ViewCount="945" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company just started to practice Unit Testing (MS Test) on an ever-enhancing legacy system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The system is build with a core functions and developers are developing new features (by adding new Class Library) and integrating to core system through interface such as Overriding or Implements method from the base of core functions. Each of the Class Library we have developed has a standard method &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest&lt;/code&gt; and is a protected override method, that has codes that does processing such as calling to external web service supplier, assigning response object and etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, In each of the individual class library may/may not has utility function methods such as &lt;code&gt;ConvertValue()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;AssignValueToObject()&lt;/code&gt; method etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As what we have raised in a heated argument/discussion, there are people a small group of developers suggest that we only test Utility Function Methods (i.e. &lt;code&gt;ConvertValue()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;AssignValueToObject()&lt;/code&gt;) whilst ignoring the need to test the code in protected override &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest()&lt;/code&gt; method and suggest that we should only test &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest ()&lt;/code&gt; exception handling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, a few of the colleagues do support to test even in &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest()&lt;/code&gt; method as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My leader is also saying testing &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest()&lt;/code&gt; is &quot;too high level&quot; but I would think that a Unit Test should conduct from the entry point of the new features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please advice on the best practice point of unit test entry which is practice in the industry / development culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are changes-prone situation on &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest()&lt;/code&gt; whereby a supplier might change their WS endpoint which we requires changes and update on our &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest()&lt;/code&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Majority of the Result Assigning code is in &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Has no intention to conduct Unit Test on Legacy code (core system) at the moment as it is too large to be covered. Refactoring codes on legacy codes is not an option.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15423" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-29T08:14:36.260" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T01:54:55.620" Title="Best Practice of Unit Test Entry Point" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15811" CreationDate="2015-11-26T06:50:26.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We experienced the same situation when we started creating the automated test suite indeed the team have created hundreds of automated tests (you know, if you are a passionate tester it is a funny activity) but the suite was not structured and many tests was similar, sometimes duplicate or simply too complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, as you said, the suite was not reliable even if it contained several really useful tests because it was always unclear if the result of each test run should have been evaluated or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we decided to (and we had the opportunity to do it) comment all of the failing tests and then we performed a general refactoring of the suite (involving one of our software architect) with the aim of reducing the amount of tests and improving the maintenability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T06:50:26.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15824" CreationDate="2015-11-26T07:02:10.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Writing unit test on a legacy code is daunting task. Since you are just starting to implement unit test, its better to start simple and on new modules you are developing. Later you can apply the learnings on the older modules. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code should be in such a way it allows unit testing. Mainly the class you want to test should support mocking and external components/classes which are not part of the current class should be derived from interfaces. So that you will be just doing unit testing or else you will be doing integration testing of all the related components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make it unit testable you might need to touch all the related classes and re-write them so that it can be testable. Any change will be a breaking change unless you have test harness for them. If you are new to unit testing, you need to get comfortable to write unit test in line with your project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be better if you start on the newly created components. Then you can be confident of the practice first then you can apply this learnings on the legacy code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are confused on which methods to write unit tests in a particular class, you can follow these two points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TLDR; You are not testing methods of a class, you are testing functionality.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A class's functionality is exposed by its public method and not its&#xA;private methods. Every public method should have its own unit test&#xA;method. If you have only ProcessRequest as public method, your test&#xA;case should address only ProcessRequest's functionality nothing&#xA;more. You should test the class as an outsider, you should not be&#xA;aware of private members/private methods. You should test only&#xA;publicly visible properties and methods. As a general rule don't&#xA;make members public for the sake of testing, there can be&#xA;exceptions. But functionality should be testable without peering&#xA;into internal state of the class.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every conditional branches in a method should have its own unit test. Which is roughly equal to - test case for each condition in if..else,switch..case, exception handling etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15424" LastEditorUserId="15424" LastEditDate="2015-11-26T08:19:22.583" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T08:19:22.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15827" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15829" CreationDate="2015-11-26T09:01:53.250" Score="1" ViewCount="3299" Body="&lt;p&gt;How 100 user hit a site at a time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I created a test plan for an eCommerce site to process checkout &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thread group = 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ramp up = 0 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Loop count= 100&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what I get is, 2nd thread is started after completing the 1 st one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want all the thread to start at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone ans for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T07:52:50.707" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:48:06.930" Title="How to run simultaneous threads with Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15823" CreationDate="2015-11-26T09:08:38.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are quite a few available.  If you have experience in Selenium Webdriver then I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selendroid&lt;/a&gt;.  Easy to use but doesn't offer click and record.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools with click, record and run functionality, tend to be commercial some of the big names are;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/mobile-automation-testing/android-test-automation.html?gclid=Cj0KEQiA-NqyBRC905irsrLr-LUBEiQAWJFYTsYSQhCSoSxQ9EWxTXQ6sRxNcT_M59iujG7OW6vayREaAn3p8P8HAQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex Android Test Automation&#xA;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/mobile-module/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestComplete Mobile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can vouch for them both, but my preference is Ranorex as I find its data driven tools more accessible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T09:08:38.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15827" CreationDate="2015-11-26T09:30:05.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the field &quot;Number of Threads&quot; to set as many threads as required for your load test (eg. 100). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ramp-up period which is the number of seconds that JMeter will take to create all 'n' threads gradually instead of starting the system with 'n' threads in one go. In your case, that is set to 0.  Try increasing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The field &quot;Loop Count&quot; is used to set the number of times each thread should run for eg. 100. You can select the checkbox 'Forever' if you want to threads to run as the checkbox suggests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T09:30:05.153" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15832" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16243" CreationDate="2015-11-26T13:03:23.473" Score="0" ViewCount="2247" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [ERROR - 2015-11-26T10:17:14.013Z] Session [9dd2e3a0-9426-11e5-986e-45afd4903e2f] - page.onError - msg: TypeError: null is not an object (evaluating 'a.getElementById(&quot;ButtonID&quot;).addEventListener')&#xA;&#xA;  :262 in error&#xA;[ERROR - 2015-11-26T10:17:14.016Z] Session [9dd2e3a0-9426-11e5-986e-45afd4903e2f] - page.onError - stack:&#xA;  (anonymous function) (http://c.supert.ag/digitouch-dijital-pazarlama/biletix/supertag-code-v30.js:9)&#xA;  fireTag (http://c.supert.ag/digitouch-dijital-pazarlama/biletix/supertag-code-v30.js:9)&#xA;  fireBaseContainer (http://c.supert.ag/digitouch-dijital-pazarlama/biletix/supertag-code-v30.js:9)&#xA;  t (http://c.supert.ag/digitouch-dijital-pazarlama/biletix/supertag-code-v30.js:9)&#xA;  (anonymous function) (http://c.supert.ag/digitouch-dijital-pazarlama/biletix/supertag-code-v30.js:9)&#xA;&#xA;  :262 in error&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am visiting this page after clicking a region from right, for each event name there, in a while loop i go to that links and take event dates- hours from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biletix.com/search/TURKIYE/en#!date_sb:today&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.biletix.com/search/TURKIYE/en#!date_sb:today&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it gave the error i wrote at the beginning, after 6. or 7. page. But despite that error, it can give what i want, name date and hour. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use this at first page to wait to be clicked.(for clicking region):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(driver, 120).until(&#xA;        ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;mpcat_zones\&quot;]/div[2]/ul/li[2]/a&quot;))).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, i use this to wait until loading the elements i wanted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; new WebDriverWait(driver, 120).until(&#xA;            ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;all_result&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is driver. I did not define any options, capabilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;file = new File(&quot;lib/phantomjs-2.0.0-windows/bin/phantomjs.exe&quot;);   &#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;phantomjs.binary.path&quot;, file.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;        driver = new PhantomJSDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(biletixURL);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error occurs always at same place. Before giving output of that page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.biletix.com/etkinlik/SSD50/TURKIYE/en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.biletix.com/etkinlik/SSD50/TURKIYE/en&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And sometimes, it gave error of &lt;code&gt;element not found, gave up. stop&lt;/code&gt; And can not load or give output anything. But i created a explicit wait, i gave code of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And after explicit wait, i get the source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just executed and immediately it closed after that error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [ERROR - 2015-11-26T11:17:46.905Z] WebElementLocator - _handleLocateCommand - Element(s) NOT Found: GAVE UP. Search Stop Time: 1448536666506&#xA;&#xA;  :262 in error&#xA;[ERROR - 2015-11-26T11:17:48.241Z] WebElementLocator - _handleLocateCommand - Element(s) NOT Found: GAVE UP. Search Stop Time: 1448536668217&#xA;&#xA;  :262 in error&#xA;[ERROR - 2015-11-26T11:17:49.221Z] WebElementLocator - _handleLocateCommand - Element(s) NOT Found: GAVE UP. Search Stop Time: 1448536669166&#xA;&#xA;  :262 in error&#xA;[ERROR - 2015-11-26T11:17:51.552Z] Session [5192ff30-942f-11e5-90e2-3ba3937b2cfc] - page.onError - msg: TypeError: null is not an object (evaluating 'filterStartDate.toString')&#xA;&#xA;  :262 in error&#xA;[ERROR - 2015-11-26T11:17:51.554Z] Session [5192ff30-942f-11e5-90e2-3ba3937b2cfc] - page.onError - stack:&#xA;  getDateIntervalFilter (http://www.biletix.com/scripts/search.js?v=:1033)&#xA;  initQuery (http://www.biletix.com/scripts/search.js?v=:571)&#xA;  doRegionFilter (http://www.biletix.com/scripts/search.js?v=:1049)&#xA;  dispatchEvent (:0)&#xA;  U (phantomjs://webpage.evaluate():119)&#xA;  $ (phantomjs://webpage.evaluate():108)&#xA;  $ (phantomjs://webpage.evaluate():101)&#xA;  gh (phantomjs://webpage.evaluate():141)&#xA;  sh (phantomjs://webpage.evaluate():152)&#xA;  (anonymous function) (phantomjs://webpage.evaluate():152)&#xA;  (anonymous function) (phantomjs://webpage.evaluate():152)&#xA;  (anonymous function) (phantomjs://webpage.evaluate():153)&#xA;&#xA;  :262 in error&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Java and eclipse and Selenium. I dont understand why it cant load the page and cant find element sometimes, despite wait time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic scenearia is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to first page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click and choose a region with &lt;code&gt;phantomjs&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get&#xA;all page source and after regex pattern matching (to get names and&#xA;urls), go that urls in a while loop of &lt;code&gt;match()&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At that page,&#xA;get only hour (i already took name and date in previous page after&#xA;clicked via &lt;code&gt;regex&lt;/code&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give output to console for each process in&#xA;&lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt; loop. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.close ()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15367" LastActivityDate="2019-01-07T22:43:19.893" Title="Phantomjs stack error" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15823" CreationDate="2015-11-26T19:40:49.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checkout MonkeyRunner for android but It's not record an playback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ranorex is good for record and playback. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T19:40:49.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15805" CreationDate="2015-11-26T19:57:32.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Robot class(java.awt package) should work.&#xA;Please go through this blog for a better understanding &lt;a href=&quot;http://ardesco.lazerycode.com/index.php/2012/07/how-to-download-files-with-selenium-and-why-you-shouldnt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ardesco.lazerycode.com/index.php/2012/07/how-to-download-files-with-selenium-and-why-you-shouldnt/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T19:57:32.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2015-11-26T20:06:29.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find case-sensitivity in passwords to be a standard feature in most of the major sites that I use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed in many of them the password requirements frequently include &quot;&lt;em&gt;both an upper and lower case letter&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and for that to work obviously the password must be case-sensitive itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T20:06:29.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2015-11-26T20:47:46.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides all tools mentioned in other answers, you might also try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.httpmaster.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;HttpMaster&quot;&gt;HttpMaster&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has some nice features for REST API testing like global parameters, data validations, request chaining, it also includes command line interface for test automation. Its GUI is quite nice and simple to use, but you should be running Windows since HttpMaster is only supported on Microsoft OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13250" LastActivityDate="2015-11-26T20:47:46.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15837" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-27T01:16:21.467" Score="3" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written some E2E testcases using protractor, selenium-server and angularjs, now I want to run the same testcases(with or without any change) again and again by setting some time interval for running, is there any way to do this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen jasmine and grunt, but I think they will work if found any change in file, but I have required to run all testcases after some interval(still if there is no change in file)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15433" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T03:01:18.757" Title="Scheduling time interval : Protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-27T01:21:34.770" Score="2" ViewCount="1787" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to reduce the run time of my Protractor tests, so I want them to run parallel on multiple app servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor can by multiCapabilities to open multiple instances of webdriver, but for all of them the &quot;baseUrl&quot; is the same. In my application, 2 suites that run at the same time against same app server, can influence each other. So I need a way to manage a queue of &quot;baseUrl&quot;s and every suite that start to run will get another baseUrl from that queue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I want to be sure that if 2 test ask for baseUrl from the queue at the same time, they will get 2 different url's and not the same one. Can someone give me a direction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15433" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T00:58:02.223" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T00:58:02.223" Title="Parallel execution : Protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15839" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-27T01:26:44.453" Score="1" ViewCount="744" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering is there anyway to do E2E testing for an offline app with protractor? I cache my pages in the application cache and store data using localForage, testing it online is fine, but I also need to test it offline, is this even possible? If not what are the solutions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15433" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T09:02:37.273" Title="Protractor on offline app? Does it work?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15840" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-27T06:10:11.470" Score="0" ViewCount="1236" Body="&lt;p&gt;We want to load test a web application using load/stress tests in Visual Studio Enterprise 2015. With the number of concurrent virtual users in mind, how do we know when running these tests locally is not enough (as in when can one machine not provide sufficient load for the tests)? Similarly, if we move to a test controller and a small number of agents on-premises, how can we figure out the limits of our test setup?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The data is sensitive, so we'd rather not move to Visual Studio Online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15435" LastEditorUserId="15435" LastEditDate="2015-11-27T09:24:18.040" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T09:31:31.347" Title="Limits of load tests from one machine / small controller-agent network" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9872" CreationDate="2015-11-27T07:45:54.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can see the changes made in the properties view for e.g. Test Case Editors. There is an entry in there for &quot;changes&quot; when the change tracking is active.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11795" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-11-29T07:39:24.697" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T07:39:24.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15842" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15855" CreationDate="2015-11-27T08:17:58.923" Score="1" ViewCount="4295" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have followed the steps given in article &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingdiaries.com/mobile-performance-testing-record-script-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingdiaries.com/mobile-performance-testing-record-script-jmeter/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I set manual proxy in phone and started the recorder but none of my requests are recorded. Will this method really work? I wanted to perform load testing on my native app (mostly the sign-in scenario) Please take a look and let me know.&#xA;I know blazemeter support recording and perform load test but I prefer working only with Jmeter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14849" LastActivityDate="2019-03-08T03:26:28.243" Title="Unable to record Android native app requests in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15840" CreationDate="2015-11-27T09:10:47.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The number of virtual users (VUs) that one computer can handle depends on the complexity and duration of the individual test cases. Many factors contribute to the complexity, including: number of requests, number of plugins called and what they do, number of extraction and validation rules. As complexity increases so does the usage of memory (RAM) and CPU time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My rule of thumb is to assume that one computer can support between 250 and 500 VUs. Having done some basic analysis I have a better understanding of how the tests operate and how many computers will be needed. Microsoft publish &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff937706(v=vs.140).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;these recommendations&lt;/a&gt; for the VUs per computer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your tests (or some of them) are available try running a load test on one computer with 50 VUs and repeat with 100 or 200 VUs. Look particularly at memory and CPU usage. That should give some data from which you can estimate what one computer will support, but remember to leave plenty of headroom in both measures. (I do not want to commit myself on how much headroom to leave.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing to consider is the network bandwidth available between the test computers and the system under test. The bandwidth on some network links may limit the number of VUs that can run your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(There was a small confusion in the first version of this question. When spreading the VUs across multiple computers, you will need one controller and several agents. The controller manages the test and collates the results into the results database. The agents computers execute the tests.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="6752" LastEditDate="2015-11-27T09:31:31.347" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T09:31:31.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15845" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15857" CreationDate="2015-11-27T09:30:22.717" Score="3" ViewCount="12039" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is it different from a Requirement Traceability Matrix (RTM)? Please explain with real life scenarios and examples. Also include or link reference material that might help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:46:27.977" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T13:24:46.203" Title="What is Bi-directional Traceability Matrix?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9548" CreationDate="2015-11-27T12:36:01.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Break out tests into the various kinds of test, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit tests that are written along with application code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integrated tests that test dependencies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performance tests that test both response and volume&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manual tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and think about what is needed for your business, for your industry.  A new startup with little funding will do quite different testing from Facebook.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, think about the testing pyramid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        ui&#xA;     Integrated&#xA; Performance &amp;amp; Load&#xA;Individual Unit Level&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should have a few high level ui cases but hundreds or thousands of low level unit cases (that mock and stub out actual services).  In terms of test duplication between level, I actually expect ALL high level integrated tests to, in some ways, duplicate what is covered by low level unit tests.  For example a user registering on the site and making a purchase might be one end-to-end ui test, however it will use a number of pieces of code that have unit tests to achieve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Time to run is also a factor.  You should have unit test suites that run in under 5 minutes.  Unfortunately many companies have test suites that run for 2 or 4 or even 24 hours.  This means they now have technical debt that can cripple them if not addressed.  Addressing this will mean major culture changes and it will be really hard.  They have lost control of their process and they now have a serious problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-11-27T12:36:01.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-27T17:38:58.267" Score="2" ViewCount="939" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been researching this problem for an hour now and it's getting kind of frustrating. I have a project in Bugzilla that I need to give read only access to some users (our BRM team). When I go to groups, I only see two checkboxes: &quot;Can add to this group&quot; and &quot;member of this group&quot;. When I'm googling this, though, other people manage to have three checkboxes: &quot;Can add to this group&quot; &quot;Is a private member (write access)&quot; and &quot;Is a public member (read access)&quot;. The post I saw with that info was from 2005, and we're on version 4.4.2 now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now maybe I'm using the wrong approach altogether. My current line of attack is to use the group memberships to make them simply a read only member of the group. But I'm open to any other possible way to accomplish this, including custom scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-11-27T22:17:53.140" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T02:04:49.930" Title="Give read only access in Bugzilla" Tags="&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15847" CreationDate="2015-11-27T23:55:10.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to look at the Bugzilla site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Group permissions are specified in the their documentation, section &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bugzilla.org/docs/2.18/html/groups.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;3.10.4. Common Applications of Group Controls&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2016-08-12T19:39:05.040" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T19:39:05.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15849" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-28T11:44:12.400" Score="0" ViewCount="3799" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I use different urls within a single jmeter test plan for one browser, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given an e-commerce site called www.flipcart.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to visit various pages on the site such as &quot; search result &quot;, &quot; Home page&quot;, &quot;Checkout page&quot;, one by one within a single jmeter test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-29T07:41:13.713" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T19:45:07.437" Title="How to visit multiple URLs within a single jmeter Test Plan" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15850" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-28T12:00:04.370" Score="0" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to use Jmeter but I was not clear about the use of timer in Jmeter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one please let me know how timer is useful for load testing Jmeter and where it is beneficial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-29T07:54:55.967" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T08:03:36.430" Title="What is the use of Timer and how to use it in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15851" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-28T12:06:19.260" Score="2" ViewCount="1193" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to use &quot;access log sampler&quot; for two websites. for first one I get the logs but for 2nd logs were not generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1st one having SSH/SSL certificated&#xA;2nd site having expired SSL. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May I know what is the reason for not getting the logs for the 2nd website?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T06:57:37.683" LastActivityDate="2020-12-08T21:07:45.783" Title="Use of Access Log sampler in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;performance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15078" CreationDate="2015-11-28T14:25:48.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you could use selenium grid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/07_selenium_grid.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/introduction-to-selenium-grid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Setting up Grid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Machine == Hub&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PM's machine == Node&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T14:25:48.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15842" CreationDate="2015-11-28T15:42:29.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might be the case your application talks to backend using SSL, in that case some extra tweaks may be required:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android network configuration tool won't proxy SSL connections so you may have to use 3rd party tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.proxydroid&amp;amp;hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ProxyDroid&lt;/a&gt; for setting it up. Not sure about iOS devices, I don't have any. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You'll need to install JMeter's self-signed certificate on the device. Locate &lt;code&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&lt;/code&gt; file in /bin folder of your JMeter installation (it is generated when you start JMeter's proxy first time) and deliver it somehow to the device, i.e. send yourself a mail message with the certificate attached. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easier way is using &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.blazemeter.com/customer/portal/articles/1946705-mobile-recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile Recorder&lt;/a&gt; service which provides simple interface where you can download &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man-in-the-middle_attack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MITM&lt;/a&gt; certificate in order to be able to record secure traffic, inspect requests and export them as JMeter JMX file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T15:42:29.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15827" CreationDate="2015-11-28T15:55:30.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter acts as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It starts threads (which stand for virtual users) during ramp-up period&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Threads start executing samplers upside down (or according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#logic_controllers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Logic Controllers&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When thread doesn't have samplers to execute and loops to iterate it's being shut down&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html#adding_users&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adding Users&lt;/a&gt; section of JMeter User Manual for more detailed explanation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you want 100 concurrent users - make sure you provide not only 100 threads, but enough loops so threads could remain up and running for the anticipated test time otherwise you can run into situation when some threads have already finished their work and some of them haven't been started yet. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're looking for the way to run single (or multiple) request(s) by 100 threads at exactly the same time - use &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeter-synchronizing-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;100 concurrent users don't mean 100 requests per second, actual throughput will depend on response time. If you need to simulate load 100 requests per second - use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Throughput_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ThroughputShapingTimer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Throughput Shaping Timer&lt;/a&gt; (the last one is available via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt; project)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-28T15:55:30.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15845" CreationDate="2015-11-28T21:11:08.087" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Requirement Traceability matrix maps the user requirements with the test cases. In simple words, the matrix helps in determining if all the requirements have been covered(i.e there are test cases which can be traced back to the requirements).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 3 types of RTM:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Forward:Requirements-&gt;Test Cases  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Backward: Test Cases-&gt;Requirements  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bi-directional: Forward+Backward&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer the following link for a better understanding:   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/traceability-matrix.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/traceability-matrix.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:46:38.160" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:46:38.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15845" CreationDate="2015-11-29T07:48:49.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bidirectional traceability&lt;/strong&gt; is the ability to trace both forward and backward (i.e., from requirements to end products and from end product back to requirements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It means tracing the code from requirements and vice-versa throughout a Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are in the course of your project, your fundamental aim would be to ensure that each and every requirement is translated into code. Tracing right from the requirements through the architecture and design, to the code, to ensure that the objectives or more precisely requirements have been met is referred to as the process of establishing Forward Traceability. A well maintained requirement documentation, like RTM, can be your guide in this process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you think about maintenance, invariably, due to economic and technical considerations your client will come back to you. At this juncture, you will debug; or rather you will hunt for various types of bugs. You should be in a position to go back to the requirements of corresponding code or architectural components. To achieve this you ought to trace back your code and design to their corresponding requirements. This process is called Backward Traceability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read more about the entire traceability process &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.compaid.com/caiinternet/ezine/westfall-bidirectional.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T07:48:49.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15850" CreationDate="2015-11-29T08:03:36.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter, by default doesn't add any waiting/pausing time between two or more consecutive requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now imagine that you sent a thousand requests to the web server under test in matter of seconds. What will this do? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will cause an overload and Jmeter will overwhelm your test server by making too many requests in a short span of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To overcome this, we have the concept of timers in Jmeter. Timers allow JMeter to delay between each request which a thread makes. When you add more than one timer to a Thread Group, JMeter keeps the amount of the timers and pauses for that amount of time before executing the samplers to which the timers apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jmeter &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/timers-in-jmeter-tutorial-series-6/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;official documentation&lt;/a&gt; has an excellent read on this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can have a detailed &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/comprehensive-guide-using-jmeter-timers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;read&lt;/a&gt; of the timers in this tutorial by Blazemeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another helpful link would be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/timers-jmeter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not the least, please explore more using Google. There are a lot of resources on timers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-11-29T08:03:36.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15861" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-29T22:36:02.627" Score="2" ViewCount="276" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a program with many classes. I manage the DI with Guice, btw.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to write in-progress tests to my code (unit tests and higher level).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have few questions\difficulties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How high should my tests be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there is no &quot;right\wrong&quot; answer.&#xA;If I write the test too high it might be difficult for me to simulate all test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I write the tests too low, every class\structural re-factoring I'll do will break the tests and that would be very tedious to maintain. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess the solution is combining both? Or is there any best-practice guideline?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How would you call tests that call the highest API of my code, when I use mocks only for out-of-process services (DB, Http service etc)? They are not unit-tests because I don't mock all dependencies?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is the best practice to inject mock using Guice in PROD code?&#xA;create a mainModule class for each test-class? but then if I want a different data from the mock for each test - then I'll have as many mainModule classes as many test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could add a concrete example, but I thought the question might be cleared in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15455" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-11-30T07:35:46.393" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T08:26:25.133" Title="How high level should be my unit-test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15861" CreationDate="2015-11-30T02:51:53.533" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking the advantages of Low-level tests outweigh High-levels due to many reasons e.g. Unit tests are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Faster (executed in memory) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Isolated (In contrast with High-level test, easier to troubleshoot)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliable (no flaky test)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I would say easier to maintain in long-term. Also it helps code read-ability a lot if written in the correct way.  Hence &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test-pyramid&lt;/a&gt; is recommended.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing Strategies in Microservice&lt;/a&gt; (page 7-17) can give answers to your 1st and specially 2nd questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-11-30T08:26:25.133" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T08:26:25.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-30T04:47:25.120" Score="5" ViewCount="22491" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a type and search drodown which will appear after user type in the value.&#xA;I need to click on the dropdown which contains the name of the drop down field. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem here is that there is no unique attribute present (No unique class, no unique name) &amp;amp; the id keeps on changing after every login so cannot take id also.&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8QZHS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8QZHS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8698" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T13:46:31.010" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T05:56:00.180" Title="How to select an element whose id is dynamic and keeps changing" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15824" CreationDate="2015-11-30T05:54:47.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's the thing about useful legacy systems. They are so useful, people want to keep them around, even as changes occur to user's needs, and to the environment of platform and middleware that they live in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this reason - the sure knowledge that there will be changes to the system, now and in the future - &lt;em&gt;unit testing should be principally and almost exclusively concerned with the black box testing of classes and objects&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;White-box testing of object internals means the tests break every time you refactor the code or change the system's functionality. This makes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the test code very fragile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the test results indicative rather than re-assuring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the test code very expensive to maintain and keep in lock-step with the code-base it provides testing services to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the things you need to have unit tests for:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assertions on incoming messages&lt;/strong&gt; - for both query and command messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assertions should be just either side of each of the boundary conditions, and also a mid-point in the range of acceptable data.  (= 5 assertions per method, for a method that acts on a range of integers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore a set of 5 assertions per valid incoming message in the Class's protocol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expectations on outgoing &lt;em&gt;command&lt;/em&gt; messages&lt;/strong&gt;, using a Mock object that has a message protocol matching that of the live object it is sending to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Command messages are ones which change the state of an attribute, aka have a &lt;em&gt;side-effect&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other tests do not demonstrate anything useful, and/or are too fragile, and require enormous amounts of effort to create and maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a very persuasive discussion video of exactly this topic, with worked code examples in Ruby.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/URSWYvyc42M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Magic Tricks of Testing (link)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15457" LastEditorUserId="15457" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T00:10:36.853" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T00:10:36.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15861" CreationDate="2015-11-30T06:47:14.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I understand you are covering both tester and developer role in your team, as a consequence the time at your disposal for the testing is very limited and the outcome has to be maximized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case my suggestion is to identify the part of your software that can be considered the core library (or libraries) and write unit tests for all of the public methods, then you can write specific automated tests (someone calls them functional tests) for the verification/validation of the main features of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everyone of us, even if we have testers in our team, has to find a compromise but unit testing the core components is really important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T06:47:14.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15866" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15946" CreationDate="2015-11-30T07:06:40.367" Score="2" ViewCount="756" Body="&lt;p&gt;To learn what kind of &quot;software&quot; project my automated testing team faces (I consider test automation a certain kind of software project), I assessed the size of our automated (functional, GUI-focussed) test suite. One key figure imho is the number of lines that our scripts consist of, surely listing comment and blank line separately from real code lines. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now I'd like to find popular reference projects&lt;/strong&gt;, either automated test suites, or applications, &lt;strong&gt;and their LOC figures&lt;/strong&gt; to give an impression if our LOC count is astoundingly high (which I think it is), or not, in comparison to the test coverage (and other automated testing features) delivered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where can I find such figures? Where should I search?&lt;/strong&gt; All I find easily is the LOC wikipedia article listing LOC figures for popular OS software project sources. In particular, I failed to find automated test suites' metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I think this does not make a big difference, our project is HP ALM- and HP UFT-based, with BPTs (i.e. business process testing tests, and components).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: I do understand LOC count is not the sole key indicator to look at, not even the most important one. It is, however, one of the most tangible ones that I have, enabling me to trigger thinking about what the code does, what coverage it delivers, if that is the kind of coverage we want, and if so, if it is efficiently maintainable -- and what alternatives we might have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="587" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T10:21:16.653" Title="Examples for LOC figures, of test suites, and software projects?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15863" CreationDate="2015-11-30T09:57:53.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this and let me know If it works&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='x-boundlist-item']/parent::div&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;//Wait until Element is visible&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='x-boundlist-item']&quot;)).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T09:57:53.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15868" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-30T10:00:01.717" Score="6" ViewCount="1153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have designed a hybrid(keywords and data in same excel sheet) framework using &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;Java&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;TestNG&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;Maven&lt;/code&gt;. I am using &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Singleton Pattern&lt;/code&gt; . I am using different type of HTML locators in my framework like &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;css&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt;. I run tests on UNIX environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was told that using id instead of &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; is faster. But how do we measure it, because when I use &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; and when I use &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; in both cases test gives output in same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from avoid using &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt;, what are other points to take care of to make project improve lot in case of speedy execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T20:16:32.363" Title="Test, Improve performance of WebDriver Automation framework" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15868" CreationDate="2015-11-30T13:20:00.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A typical way to measure the length of a short operation is to measure the total time required to perform the operation many times, divided by the number of times you performed it.  How many times?  It depends on the operation; I usually start with a small number and keep doubling it, or multiplying by ten, until the answer has as much precision as I need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are innumerable ways to make software faster but you did not provide enough details to recommend anything specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T13:20:00.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15868" CreationDate="2015-11-30T13:20:56.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may not be a full answer to your question but I think it fits to the topic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering about the &quot;id is faster than xpath&quot; and start searching. &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16788310/what-is-the-difference-between-css-selector-xpath-which-is-betteraccording-t&quot;&gt;This SO-Question/Answer&lt;/a&gt; gives an answer which sounds quite logical. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then I found these two Blogs from &lt;em&gt;Elemental Selenium&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/32-xpath-vs-css&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPATH vs CSS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/33-xpath-vs-css-revisited&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Css Vs. X Path, Under a Microscope&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which shows that XPATH is faster than CSS. In the second one the author describes that he used the &lt;code&gt;benchmark&lt;/code&gt; lib from ruby for his measurements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For benchmarking I used the library that's available in Ruby's standard lib called 'benchmark'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as you see the numbers of his comparion you see they don't diverge so much, so I think it's better to use CSS because of the compatibility as not all browsers implementing XPATH the same way. (And yes that's not part of your question)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T13:20:56.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15851" CreationDate="2015-11-30T14:42:49.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Access Log Sampler is used to generated logs in JMeter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a &lt;code&gt;.txt&lt;/code&gt; file where you saved your test plan and In access sampler, there is an option to browse this file &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Log file: &quot;&quot; Provide the path of .txt file here and save your test plan&#xA;Run your script and check the log file. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note: Server Port is required to use &quot;Access Log sampler and your site should be SSL certified&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T06:55:53.803" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T06:55:53.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15847" CreationDate="2015-11-30T16:34:23.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bugzilla is a rather old Perl project. Not that many people can hack Perl anymore. Last time I hacked some changes to heavily customize our Bugzilla, but I would prefer not to touch that code anymore. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we needed similar functionality, instead of hacking Perl I used the FOSwiki bugzilla plugin and DB query plugin. It allowed me to define queries, displaying relevant data from Bugzilla in a series of wiki tables, and create a link to the full bugzilla page for updates (which required login).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We considered migrating from Bugzilla to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trac&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Trac&lt;/a&gt; (which is in Python, our preferred language, and has tight integration to wiki for tech docs), but it is lot of hassle (because we heavily customized Bugzilla to fit our process, with more than dozen custom fields, and would need to redo the customization). And one of these days we will do it - but not yet. When we do, customizing it would be much more fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's amazing (for me) how these old Perl projects (Bugzilla, FOSwiki) continue to deliver value a decade later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T18:13:00.500" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T18:13:00.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15851" CreationDate="2015-11-30T18:39:05.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you show 1st line of log for website 1 and website 2. It might be the case that you need to &quot;prepare&quot; the log so JMeter could &quot;consume&quot; it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/15851/use-of-access-log-sampler-in-jmeter&quot;&gt;How to use Access Log Sampler to Generate Traffic with JMeter?&lt;/a&gt; article for example of access log conversion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T18:39:05.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15849" CreationDate="2015-11-30T18:55:33.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Home Page&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;JMeter Is Not A Browser&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JMeter is not a browser. As far as web-services and remote services are concerned, JMeter looks like a browser (or rather, multiple browsers); however JMeter does not perform all the actions supported by browsers. In particular, JMeter does not execute the Javascript found in HTML pages. Nor does it render the HTML pages as a browser does (it's possible to view the response as HTML etc., but the timings are not included in any samples, and only one sample in one thread is ever viewed at a time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can use 3 different &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Samplers&lt;/a&gt; each having different Path and you'll be able to hit 3 pages, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lU5Fx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lU5Fx.png&quot; alt=&quot;3 different pages&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to simulate different distributions, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search Results - 60% of users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Home Page - 30% of users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkout - 10% of users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Throughput_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Throughput Controller&lt;/a&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/running-jmeter-samplers-defined-percentage-probability&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Running JMeter Samplers with Defined Percentage Probability&lt;/a&gt; guide for several use cases, from simplest to more complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T18:55:33.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15877" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-11-30T20:02:24.960" Score="1" ViewCount="1818" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a first time learner of Selenium with Python and I'm facing the below issue: When I click on a &lt;code&gt;Download template&lt;/code&gt; link in an application, the OS give the User with the options &lt;code&gt;Open&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Save&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Save as&lt;/code&gt;. &#xA;It looks like the Selenium webdriver with Python can not support the OS level popup window and we need to use &lt;em&gt;AutoIT&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Robot&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user &lt;em&gt;Minion4&lt;/em&gt; has suggested to use &lt;em&gt;Robot&lt;/em&gt;. The comments are below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Robot class(java.awt package) should work. Please go through this blog for a better understanding &lt;a href=&quot;http://ardesco.lazerycode.com/index.php/2012/07/how-to-download-files-with-selenium-and-why-you-shouldnt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ardesco.lazerycode.com/index.php/2012/07/how-to-download-files-with-selenium-and-why-you-shouldnt/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this link the Java code is provided. I'm not very clear on how to use this Java code in my Selenium webdriver python script provided below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please help me how do I use the &lt;em&gt;Robot&lt;/em&gt; Java code to be called from the Selenium webdriver Python script in order to &lt;code&gt;Open&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Save&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Save as&lt;/code&gt; the excel file in to any desired location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appreciate your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the code which work till clicking on the &lt;code&gt;Download Template&lt;/code&gt; link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import time&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from webbrowser import Chrome&#xA;import profile&#xA;driver = webdriver.Ie('C:/Selenium/IEDriverServer')  # Optional argument, if not specified will search path.&#xA;&#xA;driver.get('http://vmslccb05:8082/');&#xA;time.sleep(5) # Let the user actually see something!&#xA;link = driver.find_element_by_link_text('Download Template')&#xA;link.click()&#xA;time.sleep(5)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15469" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T12:15:18.643" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T04:22:42.443" Title="Selenium Webdriver with Python - Unable to click on &quot;Open&quot; or &quot;Save&quot; or &quot;Save as&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15868" CreationDate="2015-11-30T20:16:32.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see two possible intepretations of your question here. The first is &quot;How can I improve the speed of how elements are found on a page?&quot;. Another is &quot;How can I improve execution speed of my suite of tests?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first question has some answers already. You've found that &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; doesn't provide much speedup, so you're almost at the end of the road there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second question has more answers. Remember that if you're using WebDriver for end-to-end test automation, there's many, &lt;em&gt;many&lt;/em&gt; things that affect your tests, such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser rendering of HTML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser JS compilation and execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Internet connection speed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSS Styling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DOM Generation and updating&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen resolution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application load time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser navigation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTML structure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server-side application logic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Client-side application logic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These may all affect how stable your tests are, and in turn how well they run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get better run-time performance, I'd suggest the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Make sure your network connections/Internet connections are reliable and as fast as possible.&lt;/strong&gt; Latency causes your apps to run more slowly which in turn causes tests to run more slowly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use physical or virtual machines with good hardware specs.&lt;/strong&gt; Running on low-powered machines (in terms of RAM or CPU) may cause flakiness in your web app which in turn causes flaky tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Run your tests in parallel as much as possible.&lt;/strong&gt; Divide large suites into smaller suites that can be run independently at the same time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avoid writing low-value tests.&lt;/strong&gt; End-to-end tests are inherently long-running tests, and so tests that don't contribute much to understanding your application waste run-time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Write deterministic tests.&lt;/strong&gt; Tests that don't require a lot of overhead in terms of setup and teardown run quicker and more reliably. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience these are effective ways to get your test run-time down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2015-11-30T20:16:32.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15879" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15886" CreationDate="2015-11-30T22:26:24.353" Score="0" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am tasked with &lt;strong&gt;testing an algorithm for posting items to social media&lt;/strong&gt;. Essentially the algorithm just takes articles from the DB and posts them to the associated social media accounts, with the stipulation that no demo-graphical area can post the same version twice. We are seeing scenarios where the algorithm is colliding with other articles just after release. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My question is: How would I handle testing for something like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thoughts are to create 30 or so users in the same region and run the schedule, and manually check for collisions. But even still, I cannot give 100% assurance that articles wont be posted on the same account multiple times by just testing a few created users. Any suggestions to a better test strategy would be extremley helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T09:10:18.063" Title="How to test an algorithm for posting to social media" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-01T06:24:13.983" Score="5" ViewCount="7780" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every time I verify mail through Gmail, it shows a page &amp;quot;Verify It's Your page&amp;quot;. How can I be able to enter OTP code for verification as each time I run the test cases I get new OTP code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to click the activation link to activate my login account through the tellurium, but when the process goes from Gmail &amp;gt; sign-in and then a new page opens Verify Its You, and now for me to get verified, I have to enter OTP code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to achieve this scenario using Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14860" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T05:23:54.597" LastActivityDate="2021-04-06T14:04:15.477" Title="How to enter OTP code for verification using Tellurium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15881" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15884" CreationDate="2015-12-01T06:45:59.937" Score="3" ViewCount="3924" Body="&lt;p&gt;I added &quot; Access log Sampler&quot; in my test plan and i get the logs as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1448892504061,2131,806 /,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,21945,1,1,1953&#xA;1448892506225,385,809 /aluminium.html,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,30911,1,1,210&#xA;1448892506615,389,811 /titanium.html,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,31369,1,1,207&#xA;1448892507008,366,851 /titanium/titanium-axle-adjuster-bolt-m8-x-45mm-nut-4.html,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,27321,1,1,200&#xA;1448892507381,609,872 /checkout/cart/,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,15289,1,1,403&#xA;1448892508003,3227,877 /checkout/onepage/,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,16812,1,1,2478&#xA;1448892511246,171,880 /js/varien/accordion.js,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,1653,1,1,171&#xA;1448892511424,346,881 /skin/frontend/base/default/js/opcheckout.js,200,OK,Thread Group 1-1,text,true,6113,1,1,346&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But i am unable to understand clearly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help to know how to understand the error or failure of system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="6335" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T10:35:59.623" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T10:35:59.623" Title="How to read Logs In jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14378" CreationDate="2015-12-01T06:56:36.437" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follow my suggestion for the interview:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have only one week for testing software A and software B created by two indipendent teams, after this week both software will be released. In the previous testing sessions the QA team has reported 9 bugs for software A and 3 for software B (same priority and severity). How will you arrange the time of the team for the remaining week?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T06:56:36.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15881" CreationDate="2015-12-01T08:30:39.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can configure jmeter to add an header line with the column names by modifying the &lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.print_field_names&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;jmeter.properties&lt;/code&gt; file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default, the columns are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;timeStamp        - unix timestamp of the request&#xA;elapsed          - time elapsed&#xA;label            - a label (page title or url)&#xA;responseCode     - http response code&#xA;responseMessage  - http response message&#xA;threadName       - name of the jave thread that did the request&#xA;dataType         - mime type of the response&#xA;success          - boolean, true if request successful&#xA;bytes            - size of the response body&#xA;Latency          - latency in ms&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6335" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T08:30:39.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15881" CreationDate="2015-12-01T08:33:57.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use listener to understand the Logs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer below steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click &quot;thread group” add -&gt; listener -&gt; aggregate report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now select your Access Log Sampler&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Gqtsc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Gqtsc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter the IP Address or hostname&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter the port&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you want to download the images, set &quot;Parse images&quot; to true&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select a file for &quot;log file location&quot;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0z67o.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0z67o.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select the aggregate report&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter &quot;results.jtl&quot; for filename&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now you can run the script and get the logs explained in the aggregate report.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt; : You can use different reports instead of the aggregate report depending on your requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T08:33:57.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15879" CreationDate="2015-12-01T09:10:18.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;100% assurance &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will never be 100% sure, but sometimes testing in production will greatly improve your chances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What will you need ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Great feedback and telemetry from your real customers&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Somekind of A/B testing framework so you can remotely control which user uses what (this needs to be implemented both as a server side to control behavior and a client as part of the product)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Possibly a small(ish) group of beta testers&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that you can run tests on real users and in big enough scale to be confident.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T09:10:18.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15887" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15927" CreationDate="2015-12-01T09:25:05.930" Score="3" ViewCount="1819" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Incident&lt;/strong&gt;: Any event occurring that requires investigation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect&lt;/strong&gt;: Any flaw in a component/system that can cause a component/system to fail to perform its required functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is a Test incident report &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; than a Normal Defect/Bug report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide a sample incident report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T03:37:14.477" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T18:09:48.657" Title="How do we create a &quot;Test Incident&quot; Report?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15889" CreationDate="2015-12-01T09:38:08.787" Score="1" ViewCount="16607" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing a program to automate some actions on a website using Python and Selenium and I need to click a button with this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;button login&quot; data-popup=&quot;login&quot;&amp;gt;Change User&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;log_but2 = &quot;//button[@class='button login']&quot;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(log_but2).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried many combinations of Xpath but neither of them can locate the button, in addition I don't get any error, simply the program continue like it has clicked on it and get another error.&#xA;Someone can help me please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15478" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T09:43:52.900" Title="Can't click a button [Python + Selenium]" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15888" CreationDate="2015-12-01T09:43:52.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can't use the compound class in xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try below code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;log_but2 = &quot;//button[@data-popup='login']&quot;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(log_but2).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T09:43:52.900" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15890" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-01T10:29:24.810" Score="3" ViewCount="710" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing a problem while doing localization testing using selenium web driver and java, how to find out the languages supported by a web page? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to achieve is following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter the URL for localization testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want to show the languages supported by the website to the User Automatically.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then depending upon user chosen language L10N/I18N process goes on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T19:15:55.653" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:47:59.097" Title="How to find out which languages are supported by a website?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15891" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15892" CreationDate="2015-12-01T10:59:25.347" Score="1" ViewCount="6003" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am executing a scenario with JMETER in which I login to the application and logout In the Thread group I use the following settings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Number of Threads: 10&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ramp up Time : 20&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Loop count: 5&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not using HTTP Cookie Manager Component so I should get error HTTP request when 2nd thread try to login but scenario executes cleanly without any error I want to have error when I am not using HTTP Cookie Manager Component&#xA;correct me if I am wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T19:15:33.437" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T19:15:33.437" Title="JMETER Cookies &amp; Sessions" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15891" CreationDate="2015-12-01T12:37:39.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;See, if by error you mean that you are expecting a failed request (red color request response) because of not using the Cookie Manager, then it is never the case or this is not how JMeter works. Lets say you have the following scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Login (Login page)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Detail Page (accessed after successful login)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for accessing the &lt;strong&gt;User detail page&lt;/strong&gt; your application needs session, so you have to use Cookie Manager in your script. &lt;strong&gt;But&lt;/strong&gt;, if you have not used Cookie Manager and executed your script without that, then your script result will not show any error or failed request; &lt;strong&gt;because when JMeter sent request to User Detail page, it will get response, but in response it will get the login page again (as there was no session so application returned the login page in response to user detail page).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why you will not see any error in your responses; if you dig down and see the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Response Data&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; tab of the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Tree Listener&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; then you will find that in response you have got the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Login page&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; where the expected was &quot;&lt;strong&gt;User Detail page&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; hence your test case should be considered as failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how JMeter works, it send request and receive a response no matter what is the response. For verifying the response and making your test case failed, you should add a &lt;strong&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/strong&gt; in your script, then it will get failed, as in that case &lt;strong&gt;Expected Response&lt;/strong&gt; will not be same as the &lt;strong&gt;Received Response&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to it, cookie manager is used to maintain session of the current thread/user, not for the subsequent threads. So, if you are not using Cookie Manager, then your each thread/user will not be able to successfully perform any operation after login which requires session, as application will not find any session Id for that. Every second thread will have its own session which will be used for performing operations it has nothing to do with session of the earlier thread session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T12:54:16.247" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T12:54:16.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15893" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16013" CreationDate="2015-12-01T13:26:17.957" Score="2" ViewCount="964" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am sending a request with a custom accept header of &lt;code&gt;application/content.bundle.v1+zip&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The REST service promptly responds;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HTTP/1.1 200 OK&#xA;content-type: application/content.bundle.v1+zip&#xA;connection: keep-alive&#xA;content-encoding: gzip&#xA;transfer-encoding: chunked&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of the unrecognized content-type SOAPUI providing me the zip file as a RAW sting of Data.  Is it possible to change the content-type of the response so that SOAPUI interprets it as a standard &lt;code&gt;application/zip&lt;/code&gt; which in turn it would treat as an attachment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T10:26:02.837" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T16:57:36.150" Title="Change media type of SOAPUI response" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15894" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-01T14:15:29.907" Score="1" ViewCount="1056" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company has recently decided to start training me on test automation. They have asked me to look into courses that will enable me to start automating repetitive test cases and also regression packs. My company doesn't have automation in place so it's hard to ask people what they would suggest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bit of background; My company is a .net house that builds CMS solutions using Episerver, Umbraco etc. From discussions, my company will be using Microsoft test manager in TFS, but I'm not familiar with the automation frameworks used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone been in this position? My company is willing to invest a lot of time and money so I need to make sure I'm learning the right subjects/skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What did you learn that helped with the transition to automation? e.g. c#, java, sql, strong programming knowledge, good knowledge of databases, selenium courses etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be greatly appreciated and any links to learning material/suggested courses would really help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15483" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T09:36:07.503" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T09:29:23.923" Title="Suggested training/Learning to move from manual testing to Automated testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15895" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15898" CreationDate="2015-12-01T15:12:00.040" Score="1" ViewCount="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have a quick question: In our &quot;stories&quot; usually at the starting sprints, a lot of the cards are related to how things are going to be coded (classes and such).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make sense to make test scenario's based off of these? Understandably I won't be making acceptance tests (UATP's) off of these types, but I am wondering if it makes sense to write test plans/scenario's &quot;in general&quot; on cards like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On one hand, I am not sure how the end &quot;visual/UI&quot; will look like so I feel like my scenario will be written pre-maturely but, on the other hand, it does let me get a head start on test plans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:58:49.243" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:58:49.243" Title="Test Scenario's on Coding Framework Stories?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15894" CreationDate="2015-12-01T15:17:59.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even if you may end up using C#, consensus of experts suggests that &lt;strong&gt;Python is the best language for beginner programmers.&lt;/strong&gt; Use either standard Python for Windows, or IronPython for .NET (which allows for some cool stuff). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning 2 languages (C# later I assume) will allow you to distinguish between complexities/quirks in language vs in algorithm, which will make you better programmer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no reason to waste time learning java, C# is better fit and Java adds very little.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQL/databases would be helpful and &quot;nice to know&quot; but secondary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find a good developer who can mentor you&lt;/strong&gt; while learning programming (computational mindset) and debugging. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be helpful if your mentor know Python. Python is good tool to know for parsing text files, shuffling files in directories etc, creating small little custom tools, even if would be not used to writing automated tests. And if you can get away with it, write your tests in Python, for increased productivity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work on your googling skills.&lt;/strong&gt; Good start would be to find at least a dozen questions similar to yours in this very forum related to how automated tester can learn programming and transition to test automation. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why Python is especially good as first language?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First language is the hardest to learn, so it should be easy, but allow to build important understanding of important programming concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/124783/why-is-python-recommended-as-an-entry-level-programming-language&quot;&gt;Programmers.SE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Opinion of &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.trinket.io/why-python/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a teacher of programming with Art History background&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href=&quot;http://pgbovine.net/python-teaching.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhD in CompSci&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://lifehacker.com/which-programming-language-should-i-learn-first-1477153665&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;lifehacker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My favorite features for beginners are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;interpreter&lt;/strong&gt; allows beginner to start learning and experimenting in first 10 minutes, way before concept of program is explained. And later, explore libraries. Instead of writing simple program to test a library, you just poke around in interpreter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;debugger&lt;/strong&gt; allows to explore programming objects as they exists in live code (and not as you thought they will).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dynamic strict typing&lt;/strong&gt; so programmer does not have to declare variable types like in Java (variable names &quot;just work&quot;), but wrong type conversion fails (unlike dynamic weak typing in Perl and JavaScript), friendly to both beginner and expert, and scaling to big projects better&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;whitespace for code structure&lt;/strong&gt; has dual benefit of enforcing what is &quot;best practice&quot; in all other languages, and making &lt;strong&gt;code of other people&lt;/strong&gt; easier to read - which simplifies sharing the code and creating communities around it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;runtime errors instead of checked exceptions&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;helpful community friendly to beginners&lt;/strong&gt; with lots of free online resources for beginners and experts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MIT uses Python as first language. Google has philosophy &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2560310/heavy-usage-of-python-at-google&quot;&gt;&quot;Python where we can, C++ where we must&quot;&lt;/a&gt;,  and &lt;a href=&quot;http://paulgraham.com/hundred.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python is language for next 100 years&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For hilarious rant against strong typing and forced OO in Java read &lt;a href=&quot;http://steve-yegge.blogspot.com/2006/03/execution-in-kingdom-of-nouns.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Execution in the Kingdom of Nouns &lt;/a&gt;. Do not miss the fairy tale &quot;For the lack of the nail&quot;, converted to Java as the example of OO running amok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning Python will make you a better programmer in other languages. Especially if you will follow &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Zen of Python&lt;/a&gt;, rules of life in and out of programming like: &lt;strong&gt;In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T18:19:31.820" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15894" CreationDate="2015-12-01T16:22:36.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excellent answer from Peter Masiar. I'd like to add that scripting is mainly a technical skill, while testing as you did it before is mainly a functional skill. The jump may be impressive. Yet, knowing both technical &amp;amp; functional aspects is an important career asset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't be afraid toying with a few different languages, as they all have something to teach you. Python is an obvious start, and be sure to toy a little bit with the 4 paradigms(all present in Python) : imperative procedural, functional, object. &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.newrelic.com/2015/04/01/python-programming-styles/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here is an example link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Scripting is a specific subset of computer programming, and knowing every paradigm helps you finding better solutions to your problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T16:22:36.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15895" CreationDate="2015-12-01T16:28:38.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on how you write your test plans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that specific case, you can at least do preparatory work, with structure, without details, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;create a customer, enter an invalid age, checke there is an error message, enter a valid age, check the creation works&quot;. If you happen to need more detail in your test plan(really depends on the shop), detail can arrive later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this works for pass-through testing. For static testing(Let's take that field in that screen, and make it suffer as much as we can), you can't forecast anything yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT after comment :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then all you have is the underlying structure of your test strategy. It's a starting point, but not much more. Still, with some imagination, you can already prepare a few cases : the &quot;invalide age&quot; case is something I've never seen written in a spec, no matter what form it takes. Still, it should be coded &amp;amp; tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I say underlying strategy as you'll have to go through everything to make a full test : every screen, every test case, but also every technical component. It's not common to begin a functional test from there, but as it's your only starting point, if I understand correctly...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastEditorUserId="15487" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T19:22:19.267" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T19:22:19.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-01T18:31:09.043" Score="1" ViewCount="1291" Body="&lt;p&gt;I havea grid of 18 nodes testing our application. Currently I have written a rest-api, which returnes the CPU information on the machine through a java servlet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's working, but it is not nice. How do you monitor grids for webdriver? Are they specific frameworks/tools for this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10725" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T22:07:20.377" Title="How do you monitor Selenium Grid?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7205" CreationDate="2015-12-01T19:28:31.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QTP Automation have list of Frameworks available, but before using any of them you need to check for your project specific need.&#xA;Below some types of Automation Frameworks listed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data driven framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Key word driven framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Library Framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hybrid Framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BPT framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some more are there so you need to check the need of your project and implement any one approach to make your test more easy and smooth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example : I have requirement of testing same set of test cases with lakhs of different set of data, in that case i ll be using data driven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helped you! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T09:35:52.897" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T09:35:52.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1366" CreationDate="2015-12-01T19:34:13.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked on both the versions of QTP but the issue isn't came to me, it can be happening due to below issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the browser which you are working on is not upgraded, like IE8 to IE9&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for the OR if you have created one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try writing descriptive script properly as &lt;code&gt;Window(&quot;name:=main&quot;).Page&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I guess its scripting issue not QTP.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try for the IE you are working like IE 9, you have all patches installed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T09:35:57.917" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T09:35:57.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7315" CreationDate="2015-12-01T19:39:06.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's not working in QTP, check which version of Java you are using. After that check the support QTP gives for different versions. It happened to me once, and I degraded my machine to Java 1.6. So it can be one of the issue!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T09:36:23.673" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T09:36:23.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15719" CreationDate="2015-12-01T19:48:23.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding you want to dynamically fetch values for all the Ship info's , so in that case as you are keeping a loop for every row, you need to just put the code of updating values inside the loop and use &lt;strong&gt;Regular expression&lt;/strong&gt; for Ship_info name, a wildcard for Ship_info.* for handling 1 ,2 etc values of different rows and also you can handle the same in loop by Ship_info.i .&#xA;There are multiple ways to handle this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15489" LastEditorUserId="27479" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T08:00:59.037" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T08:00:59.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15614" CreationDate="2015-12-01T19:52:27.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So to select value from Autosuggest list, first you need to make sure atleast the value which you want to select or the position of that element in the list.&#xA;Than you can click on that perticular item by either taking the text validating it with the desired input or we can directly click on the 4th position element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also for the same case if it all you are stuck, try using record and playback, you will get the approach of handling such cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&#xA;Hope it was helpful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15489" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T19:52:27.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15451" CreationDate="2015-12-01T19:56:27.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this you need to check a option in QTP in your machine, which says allow all HP users to run ALM somthing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That can be one reason of this error!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;try it once.&#xA;Also, please clarify if you are using BPT framework in QTP of ALM implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15489" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T19:56:27.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14676" CreationDate="2015-12-01T19:58:40.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For that you can write descriptive or directly drag and drop that link from OR and add event in the last for click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Browser(&quot;Google&quot;).Page(&quot;Google Search&quot;).Link(&quot;Help&quot;).Click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15489" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-12-01T21:47:50.493" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T21:47:50.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14583" CreationDate="2015-12-01T20:00:52.103" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working with IE11 needs some patches to be installed than only you can work with IE11, without patches you can work on IE8, even IE9 require list of patches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15489" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T20:00:52.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15887" CreationDate="2015-12-01T20:29:27.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically an incident can be a defect or can be a feature. During testing you log suspicious behaviour which you cannot state for sure as a bug and only after further investigation can be titled as defect. In the defect report will be links to features/design specifications/discussion which provide enough evidence on deviation from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15490" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T20:29:27.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15899" CreationDate="2015-12-01T22:07:20.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can view all of the nodes that are connected to the running hub/server by navigating to the following address in your browser: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://'hub_IP_address':'port'/grid/console#&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will show what machines are connected, and it will show you which of the browsers are in use for each node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2015-12-01T22:07:20.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15914" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15936" CreationDate="2015-12-02T05:03:58.680" Score="0" ViewCount="2267" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have this web source&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;Family&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div class=&quot;Male&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div id=&quot;m-1234&quot; class=&quot;boy&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div id=&quot;m-5678&quot; class=&quot;boy&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div id=&quot;m-9012&quot; class=&quot;boy&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to save id starts with 'm-' in array and want to click on these elements in loop using selenium IDE.&#xA;Much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10680" LastEditorUserId="15495" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T09:36:19.797" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T00:09:48.353" Title="How to save elements in array in selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15402" CreationDate="2015-12-02T05:37:04.423" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is at present the most intense Open Source Automation device accessible. It depends on java scripting to a huge degree. It is more suited for the new methodology like agile of coding and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Supports languages like Java,Python,Perl,Ruby,c# and php etc. but QTP supports only vbscript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has support for all of the popular browsers like Internet Explorer, Firefox, Mozilla, Safari etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is useful for paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is Freeware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE Easy to install.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is the only tool of selenium that allows us to record user actions on browser window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run multiple tests at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15476" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T05:37:04.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14583" CreationDate="2015-12-02T06:18:48.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please see this as a comment, but it's too long to post it as such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to a post on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/forums/hp-unified-functional-testing-uft-mercury-quicktest-pro-qtp/151497-qtp-11-support-ie-11-a.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source: Forum post on sqaforums&lt;/a&gt; which points to the product matrix, IE11 is not supported by QTP 11:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Following is the support matrix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;QTP 11 supports only IE 9.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;QTP 11.5 supports only IE 9.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;QTP 11.53 supports IE 10.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;QTP 12 supports IE 11.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T06:18:48.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15917" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15931" CreationDate="2015-12-02T07:59:38.453" Score="0" ViewCount="726" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a good QTP recovery scenario called &quot;Any error&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6R6yO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6R6yO.png&quot; alt=&quot;&amp;#39;Any error&amp;#39; recovery scenario&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still QTP is not firing recovery scenario in several cases (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.knowledgeinbox.com/articles/qtp/recovery-scenario/why-is-my-recovery-scenario-not-getting-fired/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;as I've found here&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Script Errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object Not in Object Repository (OR)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modal dialog blocking execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Associated Library is not found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Activate Recovery Scenario setting is not configured properly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are going to execute a set of tests automatically (VB script that executes one test after another), as soon as you come to an error which can not be seen (and also handled) by QTP recovery scenario all the test will not be executed from this time, testing process would stuck at this point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to avoid this problem (need automation solution!), how to reset QTP test execution without recovery scenario (to close/kill qtp process, open next test in qtp)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Till now:&lt;/strong&gt; I see solution as setting timeout for test execution (e.g. Test1 - 1:30) if timeout is expired and test is not completed the test should be closed. But there is no good-looking timeout realization as I see in VBScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-12-03T07:29:44.537" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T14:12:51.323" Title="QTP is not firing recovery scenario" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15918" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15956" CreationDate="2015-12-02T08:10:12.847" Score="0" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a JMeter learner and you are supporting me to learn. I am very grateful to all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just wanted to know if I can customize the log columns. By default they are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TimeStamp        - unix timestamp of the request &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;elapsed          - time elapsed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;label            - a label (page title or url)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;responseCode     - http response code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;responseMessage  - http response message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;threadName       - name of the jave thread that did the request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dataType         - mime type of the response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;success          - boolean, true if request successful&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bytes            - size of the response body&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Latency          - latency in ms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;eg: Can I display date instead of Timestamp in my log file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="12033" LastEditDate="2015-12-02T12:29:40.627" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T17:52:25.880" Title="Can I customize logs in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8343" CreationDate="2015-12-02T10:30:49.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Oracle 10g or 11c please add ojdbc7.jar to your Jmeter/lib folder. Close your Jmeter and open it again. Worked for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15502" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T10:30:49.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15918" CreationDate="2015-12-02T11:10:34.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please go thru this link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13999/can-any-one-explain-how-the-jmeter-listeners-work&quot;&gt;Can any one explain how the Jmeter listeners work&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will explain you how listeners in general work and how the log file is interpreted by the listeners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T11:10:34.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15894" CreationDate="2015-12-02T13:07:22.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing you need to know here is that Microsoft Test Manager is a tool for test management and assisting manual testing than it is for test automation. TFS is a full application life-cycle management tool, and MTM will not run without a linked TFS server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automation tools that integrate seamlessly with TFS/MTM are Microsoft CodedUI and Microsoft unit testing (although other types of unit test frameworks are also supported).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test cases can be created in MTM, the TFS web portal, and Visual Studio. The last time I checked, the only place a test case can be linked to automation code is in Visual Studio. I believe in TFS 2013 and higher test suites can be created in the TFS web portal as well as in MTM, but I don't think even later version of TFS allow remote management of automation from anything except MTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, you should, in theory, be able to use any language that Visual Studio supports to build automation - the way you link automation to test cases in the TFS ecosystem is to associate a test case with a coded method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the language to use, I'd suggest that you go with whatever your programmers use because that way you'll have two advantages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can get help from programmers with the more difficult code issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may be able to have programmers help write automation code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience any modern language is much like any other modern language. Once you get familiar with the syntax, they all use similar structures and you can google for standard libraries and methods (and if they don't exist, probably find out how to do what you need on Stack Overflow). The only caveat I'll give is that if you start with a language that doesn't use pointers, you'll have trouble migrating to one that does. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The big thing to remember is that automation &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; coding. Good coding practices apply, and you will be constantly maintaining and refactoring and building on the automation you create.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T13:07:22.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15914" CreationDate="2015-12-02T13:50:58.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't address the m part but the following will store the id's and may help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeAttribute //div[@id='Family']/div[@class='Male']/div[@class='boy'][1]@id var1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/A7zVP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/A7zVP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T13:50:58.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15887" CreationDate="2015-12-02T14:43:53.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An incident is just something that did not happen as forecasted. It can be because :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tester didn't do the scenario properly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a technical bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a functional bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before even thinking about reporting, the tester must investigate as far as he can(how far depends greatly on the shop), and at least chek the error does not come from himself(forgot a prerequisite, didn't do things in order, had wrong expectations...). It's a classical to have misunderstood the specs, and written a wrong test scenario. Better detect it before raisong a bug...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once he's sure the origin of the incident is not from his side, then he can begin to think about reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both reports can be very similar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional : &quot;&lt;em&gt;typed 0,955€ in the amount case. Expected a pop-up warning. Had the value rounded at 0,95 instead&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical : &quot;&lt;em&gt;typed 0,955€ in the amount case. Expected a pop-up warning. Had the application crash instead&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And don't forget the context in the report. Example : &quot;&lt;em&gt;Choose any foreign currency. Choose any stock whose value is below 1 in this currency. Bug does not happen when stock value is at 1 or above, of for our national currency&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T14:43:53.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15928" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-02T14:53:49.070" Score="2" ViewCount="18089" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to enter the text in a textbox, but I am getting an error as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: Element must not be hidden, disabled or read-only&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anybody can help me regarding this issue to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T08:54:45.977" LastActivityDate="2021-04-23T06:16:48.697" Title="Unable to enter the text in a text box" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15928" CreationDate="2015-12-02T15:32:42.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Include what you are using to select the IWebelement on the page in the question above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try opening the html page with the textbox in chrome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hamburger menu &gt; More tools &gt; Developer tools, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click on the textbox &gt; Inspect element. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click &gt; Copy css text/Copy XPath text. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then compare the result with what your using to select the element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the xpath/css the same? Change it to what you copied. Does it work now?&#xA;If you are selecting by id? Does that match? Change it to the id in the highlighted text, does it work now?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6398" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T15:32:42.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15917" CreationDate="2015-12-02T16:02:38.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To check the way recovery scenario failing to handle the cases described above I have added the following code to QTP test script (errors tested &lt;code&gt;Object Not in Object Repository (OR)&lt;/code&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;code&gt;Script Errors&lt;/code&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'       to check recovery after fail that is not handled by QTP's recovery scenario - Object Not in Object Repository (OR)&#xA;JavaDialog(&quot;Does not exist&quot;).JavaButton(&quot;Save&quot;).Click&#xA;&#xA;'       to check recovery after fail that is not handled by QTP's recovery scenario - Script Errors&#xA;a = 2/0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the test from QTP window it failes as expected (No recovery scenario is fired):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B5idB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B5idB.png&quot; alt=&quot;qtp fails as expected&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when the test is started by vbscrip (for more information check &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13907603/how-can-i-run-a-qtp-test-from-the-command-line&quot;&gt;How can I run a QTP test from the command line?&lt;/a&gt;) all these errors are skipped (test execution goes on as well as recovery scenario are not fired!):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cjCLP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cjCLP.png&quot; alt=&quot;errors are skipped by QTP&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still all test should be limited by execution time, so &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17340/how-to-limit-test-execution-time-in-uft&quot;&gt;here is the question about test execution time limitation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T14:12:51.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15932" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-02T16:48:15.950" Score="2" ViewCount="1330" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently come across &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/FindBy.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;@FindBy&lt;/a&gt; as a method of locating elements within webdriver.  What are the benefits or disadvantages of this approach compared with the to more common approach of using &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;findElement&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are examples of the two methods;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement searchButton = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;btnSearch&quot;))&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(id = &quot;btnSearch&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement searchButton;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T02:06:28.770" Title="Benefits of @FindBy annotations" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15932" CreationDate="2015-12-02T18:33:38.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking they are the same, @FindBy might be more suitable for PageObject Pattern.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18436102/selenium-findby-vs-driver-findelement&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T18:33:38.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10371" CreationDate="2015-12-02T19:20:31.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way to help keep track of the commits attached to the JIRA is to include the Jira associated with the fix in the commit comment.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;By doing so, it will link the commit to the Jira and you will be able to see all of the code/tests that were committed to a given Jira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2015-12-02T19:20:31.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15935" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-02T21:38:59.287" Score="1" ViewCount="941" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as Manual Tester with 5+ years of experience. I have good experience about SOAPUI. Performed Functional Testing using SOAP. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the automation can be done using Groovy Script. So, I thought to study groovy script and want to implement in the project for learning purpose.I do not have any experience of Selenium or performance. I thought a way to enter Automation is by learning Groovy as it will take less no of days as compared with Selenium or QTP. I am very much apprehensive that within 15 or 20 days groovy script could be learned and implemented in SOAPUI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know whether groovy script has a very limited role in Testing. Whether learning Groovy Script is beneficial or not? Let me know the demand of groovy script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15515" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T11:23:59.083" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T11:23:59.083" Title="Groovy Script in SOAP UI: What is the scope of groovy script in Testing and beneficial for Future growth?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;groovy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15914" CreationDate="2015-12-03T00:09:48.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this using while to address 'm-' part&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cr8mn.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cr8mn.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should work :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15495" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T00:09:48.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15935" CreationDate="2015-12-03T02:04:00.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started learning automation down the exact same route.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is to download a Java IDE and work with Groovy and Java together. Remember Java will, for the most part, work as groovy. So learning Java will help you with Groovy (And slightly vise versa).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will this lead to a career in automation? Probably not, but it's a good grasping point. Learn the basics with Groovy and SoapUI but keep your eye on Java and Selenium as those a far better on your resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T02:04:00.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15932" CreationDate="2015-12-03T02:06:28.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;By using the @FindBy you're pulling the initialization of the code out of dirty, clunky, visually ugly and potentially confusing code into nice neat annotations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, your removing the WebDriver nearly completely from the object, again keeping it clean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They do the same functionality practically though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Makes maintaining the code far easier long term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T02:06:28.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15894" CreationDate="2015-12-03T02:14:15.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Work with co-workers to introduce you to C#, Visual Studios and such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have an understanding of it, learn about Unit Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal favorite flavor is using Selenium Page Objects with SpecFlow in C#. For me it provides the most extensive code reusability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for my recommendation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing several development languages, I typically try to stick with the local flavor at the company/team. This way if you quit, get hit by a bus, have a family emergency or want to take a vacation progress doesn't halt. Someone else can help. Also, your company has already paid your tutors and most developers would love to assist QA to become more technical and understand their struggles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T02:14:15.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15890" CreationDate="2015-12-03T02:22:07.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask your BA,PM,SA, PO or any of the other chickens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Chickens refers to the people who make decisions about the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T02:22:07.160" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15894" CreationDate="2015-12-03T02:44:29.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My suggestion:  Start with the Selenium IDE in firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Home: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Downlad 2.9 at &lt;a href=&quot;http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-ide/2.9.0/selenium-ide-2.9.0.xpi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-ide/2.9.0/selenium-ide-2.9.0.xpi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within minutes you can have real test cases running against web pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use variables, page objects, learn css and xpath and good object naming and so much more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later on move on to a &lt;em&gt;framework&lt;/em&gt; built on top of a language, for example rspec-capybara, built on top of ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I myself have done this actual path in more than one company where I've been the one introducing automated UI testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting at the other end with a programming language like Ruby or Python is a great idea, but will not be for everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T02:44:29.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15944" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-03T06:26:38.133" Score="1" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my code to automate the installation of an OpenText's product. But when the installer is loaded the &lt;code&gt;Next&lt;/code&gt; button is not clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I checked the button with &lt;em&gt;Au3Info_x64&lt;/em&gt; and focused on the button, it didn't show any value of it. So I cant identify it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way that it will automatically click the &lt;code&gt;Next&lt;/code&gt; button so that I can automate this process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NewCars {&#xA;&#xA;  public static String jvmBitVersion()&#xA;  {&#xA;    return System.getProperty(&quot;sun.arch.data.model&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    String jacobDllVersionToUse;&#xA;    if (jvmBitVersion().contains(&quot;32&quot;)){&#xA;    jacobDllVersionToUse = &quot;jacob-1.18-x86.dll&quot;;&#xA;    }&#xA;    else {&#xA;    jacobDllVersionToUse = &quot;jacob-1.18-x64.dll&quot;;&#xA;    }&#xA;    File file = new File(&quot;lib&quot;, jacobDllVersionToUse);&#xA;    System.setProperty(LibraryLoader.JACOB_DLL_PATH, file.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;&#xA;    AutoItX x = new AutoItX(); &#xA;    Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;C:/Users/kjain/Desktop/Process Platform Install/OpenText Process Suite Platform 10.8/OpenText_CARS_2.5.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    x.winWaitActive(&quot;OpenText CARS&quot;, &quot;Next&quot;, 2000)strong text&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    x.send(&quot;{ENTER}&quot;);      &#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15521" LastEditorUserId="10489" LastEditDate="2015-12-03T06:48:37.123" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T15:42:24.370" Title="Unable to automate install shield with AutoIT" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-11-25T04:19:09.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15928" CreationDate="2015-12-03T08:13:52.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the snippet of the code for WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  driver.switchTo().frame(&amp;quot;WallItemItemDetail_ifr&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// select the editor and do the input &#xA;&#xA; driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;tinymce&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(&amp;quot;editor done&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// switch back to the default window &#xA;&#xA; driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15524" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2021-03-26T02:09:56.273" LastActivityDate="2021-03-26T02:09:56.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="15946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15866" CreationDate="2015-12-03T10:09:35.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So you need real-world examples of LOC metrics in a software sources and a test suite LOC volume, right? I can share some rough metrics for one real-world project. Never heard about representative figures. It highly depends on technologies and tools you're using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The applications are written in C++ (Windows only though). Metrics were done with simple Python script (no complicated parsing, just simple things).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1 289 287  total lines&#xA;1 072 302  total non-empty lines&#xA;1 014 829  total non-commented lines (lines starting with &quot;//&quot; excluded, but /* */ included)&#xA;5617  classes in *.h files&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The GUI test suites are written in Python (using &lt;a href=&quot;http://pywinauto.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pywinauto&lt;/a&gt; library).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The total Python metrics include pywinauto code and running/reporting auxiliary libs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;147 157  lines in *.py files&#xA;122 582  non-empty lines in *.py files&#xA;101 832  non-commented lines in *.py files (lines starting with &quot;#&quot; excluded)&#xA;988  classes in *.py files&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Test code itself (no pywinauto, no running/reporting libs):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;39 322  lines in *.py files&#xA;31 544  non-empty lines in *.py files&#xA;26 826  non-commented lines in *.py files (lines starting with &quot;#&quot; excluded)&#xA;162  classes in *.py files&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably some cross-platform project metrics would be more useful, if you were found it for me. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. pywinauto is about 26k non-commented LOC now (and 3.5k LOC of GUI unit tests with 97% of code covered). It's not cross-platform yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.P.S. So for pywinauto the tests are 13% of total LOC (with 97% statements covered), for the real-world project it's ~10% of total LOC (with ~80% of functions and ~60% of conditions covered). I don't know how it's good or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11848" LastEditorUserId="11848" LastEditDate="2015-12-03T10:21:16.653" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T10:21:16.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15935" CreationDate="2015-12-03T13:31:30.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Groovy runs on the standard Java runtime.  What this means is that you can use groovy as a stepping stone into java and selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you I would use Groovy Scripts to extend your SoapUI suites as a starting point.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/820414/Automating-SoapUI-using-Groovy-A-Walk-Through&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;walkthrough&lt;/a&gt; really useful when I was starting out&#xA;And because loops have some quirks in SoapUI I'd suggest you read &lt;a href=&quot;https://groovyinsoapui.wordpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T13:31:30.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15951" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16066" CreationDate="2015-12-03T15:16:08.910" Score="1" ViewCount="765" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have two different environments and for those environments the endpoint &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; the path changes, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://env-qa.domain.com/path1/serviceName&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://env-qa.domain.com/path1/serviceName&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://env-uat.domain.com/path2/serviceName&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://env-uat.domain.com/path2/serviceName&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know how to use the Environments feature to change the Endpoint URL (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://env-qa.domain.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://env-qa.domain.com/&lt;/a&gt;) but how do I change the path (e.g. /path1/serviceName)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked through the Environments help, etc. but can't find anything that tells me how to do this. The help is ... sparse and much of it is out of date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7791" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T12:01:51.407" Title="How do I change/toggle the path in all my SoapUI tests?" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15952" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16161" CreationDate="2015-12-03T15:46:06.787" Score="4" ViewCount="1032" Body="&lt;p&gt;So im trying to get better at writing Declarative style cucumber tests that make sense, I think the hardest &quot;Keyword&quot; for me to properly form into a feature file is the &quot;Given&quot; keyword.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know &quot;Given&quot; is meant to set up a stage....but I feel like a lot of things that could be put into the &quot;Given&quot; portion of a feature file, really belong in the &quot;When&quot; portion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example lets take a simple &quot;Login&quot; feature file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes more sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given I have entered a valid username and password&#xA;When I login&#xA;Then I should see X content&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given I have an account for the site&#xA;When I login to the site with a valid username and password&#xA;Then I should see X content&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it's just wording, but still im trying to improve my writing style. But im not sure which one actually makes the most sense? (Obviously this is relevant to many examples, login was just one easy one I could thing of)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T01:56:33.840" Title="The Usage of &quot;Given&quot; in Cucumber?" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15597" CreationDate="2015-12-03T15:47:59.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for everyone's input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created a test scenario which has a number of areas requiring resolution.  I have made it freely available on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ECiurleo/Webdriver-Interview-Task&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt; so it can benefit others.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the areas it helps assess the candidate are;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did they follow the guidelines set out in the documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are the test errors appropriate to explain the cause of the failure(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they write appropriate test descriptions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can they make appropriate judgments on the validity of tests which &quot;pass&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T15:47:59.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15954" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-03T16:22:07.490" Score="4" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project that involves streaming video with audio to/from various cloud streaming services with intermediate encoding steps (i.e. mixing with additional overlays).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each stage in the complex process has been tested in isolation, and we have mocked up a local environment for internal testing purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to put together a UAT script package that caters for a fully live configuration.  In this configuration, the client will receive 4 outputs going through various pathways.  For example, one video/audio stream goes through two cloud services.  The source video/audio is a live recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can write suitable tests for comparing the audio/video delays between each pathway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am struggling to come up with a viable solution to testing any of these pathways against the source video/audio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am considering using Skype, by having it record the audio (as a minimum, maybe video too) during a live recording.  I can then measure the delays in this audio output against the output streams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would end up with a recording via Skype, and a recording via the stream.  From this I can calculate a delay.  How do I calculate the time delay between the live recording and the Skype recording?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is critical as we are promoting our various pathways as &quot;within x seconds&quot; and wish to provide the customer a means of proving this during their UAT cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14377" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T09:04:06.043" Title="Measuring audio delay" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15918" CreationDate="2015-12-03T17:52:25.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can, it is controllable by the following property:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.timestamp_format=ms&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It defaults to milliseconds since beginning of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Unix Epoch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to change the format, any valid &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SimpleDateFormat&lt;/a&gt; value will play, for instance &lt;code&gt;yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss.SSS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.timestamp_format=yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss.SSS&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (it's located under JMeter's /bin folder) and after JMeter restart you'll see different timestamps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt; for more detailed information on JMeter properties and ways of working with them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T17:52:25.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15957" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-03T20:02:46.473" Score="3" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a tool or service where I can test my website from different provinces in Canada. I looked into VPN services but they don't offer specific locations in Canada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15258" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T14:28:48.217" Title="Looking for tool/service to test website from different provinces in Canada" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15959" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15960" CreationDate="2015-12-03T20:53:21.817" Score="3" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cross-module testing is a specific term that is only used internally in some organizations. To be more clear, it is also call mix-up testing, a cross testing activity between scrum teams. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am intending to research this testing approach so that I can implement it in my company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it similar to cross-functional testing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are differences between mix-up testing and integration testing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the best way to practice mix-up testing in an agile development? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any example of organization or company practices for cross module testing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can share you experience about mix-up testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or can you suggest any materials related to this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15520" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T17:11:36.233" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T17:11:36.233" Title="Mix-up Testing in agile development" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15959" CreationDate="2015-12-03T23:20:07.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider it to be integrated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have different areas of functionality in the organization.  The different areas have team of people supporting them.  Each team will test their part of the product or system and then rely on other teams to do their part.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The problem is that there are interactions between them and that &lt;em&gt;these&lt;/em&gt; interactions should be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in a medical setting you may have teams for registration, labs, pharmacy, xray, inpatient etc, but who tests that when a patient is registered with 'x' characteristics you can then perform y lab tests and z x-rays.  Or in a SAS (Software as a Service) company, how to ensure that new customers of various characteristics can register, can buy various products, and can do it through devices and browsers of various types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-12-03T23:20:07.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15986" CreationDate="2015-12-04T04:09:23.853" Score="1" ViewCount="1801" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Firefox Developer Edition 44.0a2 (2015-12-03) tried to install Selenium IDE, it does not install. how can i install it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, standard Firefox works fine with latest selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15495" LastActivityDate="2015-12-06T23:52:53.313" Title="Cannot install Selenium IDE in with Firefox Developer Edition" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15965" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-04T06:54:35.413" Score="3" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;When QA teams receive a software build, how do they normally test? Given is the random list of test techniques.... arrange them in order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoke testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sanity testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15537" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:05:06.913" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T14:46:01.650" Title="Determine the order of Testing in a Project?" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15966" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-04T07:01:55.073" Score="5" ViewCount="20308" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile Testing, what are some of the most common estimation techniques with context to the QA process. What are story points?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15538" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T07:33:23.020" Title="How Agile/Scrum Teams estimate Testing Effort?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15966" CreationDate="2015-12-04T07:48:01.717" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile teams are cross-functional teams. They estimate the work from design to delivery often on a story based level. This includes the testing work, since testing should be part of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://guide.agilealliance.org/guide/definition-of-done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Story points are the relative size of the complexity of the task at hand. Read more about &lt;a href=&quot;http://scrumorakel.de/blog/index.php?/archives/48-Estimating-relative-sizes-e.g.-story-points.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;estimating with relative sizes in this blog&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I as a tester part of an Agile team always sit in with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planning_poker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;planning poker&lt;/a&gt; sessions and estimate just with the team, keeping in mind the complexity and size of the testing efforts needed to complete the story to done. If I know the area we are working on lacks a lot of automated test coverage I will give the story a higher estimate then the programmers in our team, often we average out the points in these cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T07:48:01.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15959" CreationDate="2015-12-04T07:58:23.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What we simply did in such a case was we sat with testers from different teams and defined scenarios crossing different features and modules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T07:58:23.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15965" CreationDate="2015-12-04T07:59:20.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Know your product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have a lot of regression problems? Do regression first.&#xA;Do you have frequent technical break-ups? Do smoke testing first.&#xA;It's the opposite : your application is very stable, so it's important to focus on the new features : Do Functional testing first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rationale is to go for the low-hanging fruit, which is different on each tree. Minimize your effort for finding the maximum of bugs as early as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastEditorUserId="15487" LastEditDate="2015-12-04T21:37:14.763" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T21:37:14.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15971" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-12-04T08:25:07.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this tag for question related to inquiries about software suitable for some specific tasks. Also use with problem specific tags altogether (e.g. security-testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T15:14:01.223" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T15:14:01.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15972" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-12-04T08:25:07.747" Score="0" Body="Use this tag for question related to inquiries about software suitable for some specific tasks. Also use with problem specific tags altogether (e.g. security-testing)" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T15:13:55.053" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T15:13:55.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6422" CreationDate="2015-12-04T11:46:04.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to suggest a modern test case management tool that I have been involved with creating - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testlodge.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestLodge&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestLodge has been completely designed based on user feedback and focuses on being productive, easy-to-use and will allow you to easily manage test cases and execute runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestLodge includes a free trial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastEditorUserId="29044" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T02:24:02.287" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T02:24:02.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15965" CreationDate="2015-12-04T20:05:40.983" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are too many factors to be taken into account before selecting the correct testing sequence and sometime not all of the tests you have listed are really needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyhow, let's imagine the worst case when your QA team receives a new  build ready to be tested, I would follow the sequence below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoke testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sanity testing (to be skipped when the software is not stable enough)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the following link could help you to clarify your doubt: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/smoke-sanity-testing.html&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/smoke-sanity-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-04T20:19:30.453" LastActivityDate="2015-12-04T20:19:30.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15977" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="15984" CreationDate="2015-12-04T22:18:01.123" Score="4" ViewCount="240" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where should I start if I want to automate and learn/improve my programming skills at the same time?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used selenium webdriver + python and it was really cool, also tried some watir + ruby and now I'm trying out robot framework + selenium2library and my question is coming from here, cause it's not really programming, sure you can upgrade your xpath &amp;amp; css &amp;amp; html skill, but in a keyword driven framework with its own syntax, that's not really it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what solution is the best if I want to write automation tests and for it to be programming also?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14887" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T12:01:41.157" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T12:01:41.157" Title="Best approach to learn programming and start test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-12-07T03:47:59.517" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15978" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-05T06:53:09.170" Score="3" ViewCount="2133" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why aren't &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/webcomponents/customelements/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;custom tags&lt;/a&gt; supported yet in Selenium WebDriver? I realise the W3C web components proposal is still under review, but browsers are already implementing them widely (angular apps come to mind e.g. &lt;code&gt;ng-app&lt;/code&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15496" LastEditorUserId="15496" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T19:31:43.467" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T19:31:43.467" Title="Find custom elements in webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15957" CreationDate="2015-12-05T08:16:27.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It strongly depends on the budget that you can invest in this testing session indeed, there are companies offering third party testing services.&#xA;For example there is a famous platform called uTest-Applause (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.applause.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.applause.com/&lt;/a&gt;) offering that kind of service all around the world (so I suppose that Canada is included).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-05T08:25:51.677" LastActivityDate="2015-12-05T08:25:51.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15977" CreationDate="2015-12-05T13:12:44.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;. It is a generic test automation environment based on visual patterning and offers integration with several different programming languages: Python, JRuby, Java and more to come.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the Sikuli Q&amp;amp;A takes place on &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com&quot;&gt;stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt; which is much more programming related than SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2015-12-05T13:12:44.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15982" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-05T18:05:48.850" Score="0" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new in software testing in relation to performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found an interesting testing tool named JMeter for my project that is created in ASP.net MVC&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next question is about how I should go about the performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should I have an isolated phase for performance testing? or &#xA;  should it done in development phase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9176" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-09T02:47:25.557" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T05:33:52.490" Title="Apply Performance Testing with JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3874" CreationDate="2015-12-05T19:07:26.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, your UI tests are acting as real users, what your tests are experiencing are also what real users are experiencing. So, bugs like this, no matter they're known or not, should always be exposed to your team since users are also suffering until they are fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15561" LastActivityDate="2015-12-05T19:07:26.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15977" CreationDate="2015-12-05T21:44:34.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably your doubts about the programming limitation in the test automation are a consequence of the fact that you are trying to create an automation framework starting from the user-interface of your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, as clearly explained by Mike Cohn with his Test Pyramid(&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/the-forgotten-layer-of-the-test-automation-pyramid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The forgotten layer of the test pyramid&lt;/a&gt;) the most of the tests of your automation should be developed as Unit Tests (that is pure programming; take a look at TDD for more info), while the UI testing (automated or not) should only partially cover your framework and tools like Selenium or Appium are enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T10:08:24.617" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T10:08:24.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15963" CreationDate="2015-12-06T23:52:53.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is what I did to install the IDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&lt;/a&gt; with Firefox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Add to firefox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on install once the file is downloaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After installing,restart the browser and it should work.&#xA;The version of IDE I'm using is 2.9.1 and the Firefox developer edition 44.0a2 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastActivityDate="2015-12-06T23:52:53.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15989" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-07T12:05:53.893" Score="1" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one test case with java selenium webdriver. When I go to the login, everything is OK, but when I go to the other click in the new show, driver can´t find the object. Selenium IDE captured the target, but that is not working in the code and I get: &lt;code&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&lt;/code&gt;. I have tried with all types of by.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   public void bAdministracionUsuario() throws InterruptedException&#xA;    {   &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            bAdministracionUsuario =  driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//li[3]/ul/li/a/span&quot;));&#xA;            bAdministracionUsuario.click();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14606" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T15:26:05.990" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T22:47:13.600" Title="Driver lost focus" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-07-07T10:41:48.920" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15991" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-07T15:03:50.920" Score="-1" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone explain a real life example of software risk estimation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T07:49:08.957" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T07:49:08.957" Title="Real life example of software risk estimation" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2015-12-07T19:39:27.327" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15982" CreationDate="2015-12-07T15:40:35.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter is a great load testing tool, that you could use to look into the performance of your web application. I wouldn't do any performance testing until the website is in a somewhat stable state, so you are able to get the best results from the tests. One thing to consider when using this tool inside of an ASP.net Microsoft solution, is that Jmeter plays best with a java environment. If the tools are at your disposal look for MS test tools inside of visual studio, they work extremely well to test ASP.net applications, and you are able to perform a wider set of tests at greater ease. As a general rule you are looking to do performance testing after you are &lt;strong&gt;done with the GUI testing phase&lt;/strong&gt; of development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T15:40:35.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15991" CreationDate="2015-12-07T15:42:38.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, imagine you're editing a software for managing hospital(as I answer you, I'm also watching a script that tests that ours is OK). You're making the new version, in accordance with your country's new regulation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software based risks&#xA;In an hospital, users usually have old  crappy PCs, and servers are of varying quality. The main risk to manage &amp;amp; identify here, is in terms of performance. Both your client-side &amp;amp; your server-side should stay below the capacity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;==&gt; Low-level risk for anything existing, medium-level for new things based upon new technologies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project based risks&#xA;This is more about your own firm, though the hospital can be impacted. Thanks to project history, you know more or less how long will be the development of standard features, and have a good idea of the number of times QA will receive new versions. A more risky things is brand new features, in new technologies, going to uncharted territories. Or new domains you're covering, for example if you're going to radiography for the first time, you'll get more surprises.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;==&gt; Medium-level risk for most elements, High-level for edge-level new components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer based risks&#xA;The biggie. Hospital have 2 kinds of risks, legal &amp;amp; health-based. Legal are annoying, because an error in the accounting can delay payment of several elements. Health-based can be catastrophic, as it can kill people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;==&gt; Medium-level for legal &amp;amp; accounting elements, maximum risk for health-level elements. Even existing one. Any regression here(imagine a duplication of a medecine prescription) can kill a patient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing effort will follow the risk level, mitigated by the knwown level of trouble each area usually knows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T15:42:38.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15994" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-12-07T16:16:49.750" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T16:16:49.750" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T16:16:49.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15995" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-12-07T16:16:49.750" Score="0" Body="For questions regarding the security of test environments." OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2015-12-07T16:16:49.750" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T16:16:49.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15982" CreationDate="2015-12-07T18:27:31.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to start performance testing as early as you can as if there will be a huge bottleneck it is better to have it identified and fixed at early stages as if it occurs somewhere in pre-release it may cause a huge overhead in regards to efforts required to fix it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;start testing as soon as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add a build step running JMeter test to continuous integration system, for instance there is &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Performance+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins Performance Plugin&lt;/a&gt; so in case of performance degradation you'll be able to flag it to developers. It may be a short test with not that high load just to protect from regressions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run full performance test when major feature is added&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're new to JMeter I believe &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/aspnet-login-testing-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ASP.NET Login Testing with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article will be extremely useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T18:27:31.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="15998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15887" CreationDate="2015-12-07T20:08:08.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the difference between &quot;Incident&quot; and &quot;Defect&quot; treads on a very thin line. They are often confused to be same. In nutshell, all defects are incidents but all incidents are NOT defects. &#xA;The TIR contains the details of actual vs expected results and any other investigation points(why the test failed,impact of the failure etc)&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;According to IEEE, it is called an Incident report and not a bug report because the discrepancy between Actual and expected results may occur for reasons other than a fault in the application(defect).&lt;/strong&gt; An incident may occur due to reasons like(but not limited to) hardware mis-configuration,wrong test data, inconsistent design.&#xA;The following link contains a sample test incident report template according to the IEEE standard:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ufjf.br/eduardo_barrere/files/2011/06/SQETestIncidentReportTemplate.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ufjf.br/eduardo_barrere/files/2011/06/SQETestIncidentReportTemplate.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastActivityDate="2015-12-07T20:08:08.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1450" CreationDate="2015-12-08T05:12:40.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though I am late but I have some practicals using sfapi.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jagdeepjain/selenium-flex-demo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/jagdeepjain/selenium-flex-demo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15578" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T05:12:40.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14531" CreationDate="2015-12-08T05:22:51.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;including above make sure that you have included testng jar in your project.&#xA;If you have maven:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.testng&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;testng&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;6.9.4&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15579" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T05:22:51.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-08T08:23:26.533" Score="0" ViewCount="839" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm unable to click on &lt;strong&gt;Plus&lt;/strong&gt; button and &lt;strong&gt;Minus&lt;/strong&gt; button.&#xA;My xpath is as &lt;code&gt;//div[4]/span[2]&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though my xpath is correct, I am getting an exception.&#xA;I have also synced it using waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;css/ziprooms.min.css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; autoscroll=&quot;true&quot; ng-view=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;header class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; scrolldata=&quot;&quot; waypoint=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;header-home&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-loginBox ng-scope ng-hide&quot; ng-show=&quot;modalbox&quot; ng-include=&quot;'templates/loginbox.html'&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-login ng-scope ng-hide&quot; validation=&quot;&quot; ng-show=&quot;signinbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-signup ng-scope ng-hide&quot; validateup=&quot;&quot; ng-show=&quot;signupbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h4&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form class=&quot;clearfix ng-pristine ng-invalid ng-invalid-required ng-valid-email&quot; novalidate=&quot;&quot; ng-class=&quot;{'submitted': submitted2}&quot; method=&quot;post&quot; name=&quot;signup&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;zr-book&quot; type=&quot;submit&quot; ng-click=&quot;submitted2=true; signupotp();&quot; value=&quot;Sign Up&quot; title=&quot;Sign Up&quot; name=&quot;signup&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-fpwd ng-scope ng-hide&quot; validatef=&quot;&quot; ng-show=&quot;fpwdbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-overlay&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-logo&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-contact&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;videoContent&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-blueStrip&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form class=&quot;clearfix ng-pristine ng-valid&quot; date-cal=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-zip-25&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-zip-15&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-zip-15&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-zip-15&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;icon-minus&quot; ng-click=&quot;minus('guest')&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;guest&quot; class=&quot;zr-search&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; value=&quot;1 Guest&quot; readonly=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;guest&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;icon-plus&quot; ng-click=&quot;plus('guest')&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-zip-15&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;zr-zip-search&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/header&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;section class=&quot;zr-section-1 ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;section class=&quot;zr-section-2 ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;section class=&quot;zr-section-3 ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;section class=&quot;zr-section-4 ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;section class=&quot;zr-section-5 ng-scope&quot; filtercity=&quot;&quot; ng-include=&quot;'templates/seo.html'&quot; ng-controller=&quot;TabController as tab&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;footer class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; ng-include=&quot;'templates/footer.html'&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;js/libs/angular.min.js&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;js/libs/angular-route.min.js&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;js/libs/angular-carousel.min.js&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;js/libs/angular-touch.min.js&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;js/libs/pikaday.min.js&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;js/libs/angular-scroll.min.js&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;js/app.min.js&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;pika-single is-bound is-hidden&quot; style=&quot;position: static; left: auto; top: auto;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;pika-single is-bound is-hidden&quot; style=&quot;position: static; left: auto; top: auto;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15583" LastEditorUserId="12033" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T15:22:36.550" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T15:22:36.550" Title="Even though my xpath is correct I am getting error as org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16004" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-08T09:11:18.933" Score="1" ViewCount="393" Body="&lt;p&gt;On clicking the link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;xxx&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the below div should be appended to the webpage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;desc cloned&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;wrap&quot;&amp;gt;                                             &#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;desc_wrap&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;heading&quot;&amp;gt;xxx&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;price&quot;&amp;gt;Standard&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;text&quot;&amp;gt;Some Text&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;close&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;I have created the phantomjs driver as:&#xA;I have created the driver as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities caps = DesiredCapabilities.phantomjs();&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;, true);&#xA;caps.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;caps.setCapability(CapabilityType.SUPPORTS_FINDING_BY_CSS, true);&#xA;caps.setCapability(PhantomJSDriverService.PHANTOMJS_CLI_ARGS,new String[]{&quot;--ignore-ssl-errors=yes&quot;,&quot;--ssl-protocol=any&quot;,&quot;--web-security=false&quot;});&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;applicationCacheEnabled&quot;, true);&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;acceptSslCerts&quot;,true);&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;handlesAlerts&quot;, true);&#xA;caps.setCapability(PhantomJSDriverService.PHANTOMJS_GHOSTDRIVER_CLI_ARGS, new String[] { &quot;--logLevel=2&quot; });&#xA;caps.setCapability(PhantomJSDriverService.PHANTOMJS_EXECUTABLE_PATH_PROPERTY, PhantomJSpath);&#xA;caps.setCapability(&quot;phantomjs.page.customHeaders.Accept-Language&quot;, &quot;en-GB&quot;);&#xA;driver = new PhantomJSDriver(caps);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and to click the link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;xxx&quot;)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code is working for firfox driver. In phantomjs there is another block where the same code works except that the css_class of the division to be added is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15584" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T23:08:34.540" Title="Division not appended on click event in phantomjs" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-07-18T06:53:16.690" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16003" CreationDate="2015-12-08T09:17:22.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try the below xpath. Its more &lt;strong&gt;dynamic&lt;/strong&gt; and less &lt;strong&gt;fragile&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the xpath you are using seems to be incorrect. It doesn't seem to be the fourth div.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using a relative div (eg. //div) and a unique path ahead (like your are using span with a unique class name) then you don't need to give a number(sequence number) with the div.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;for plus button&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;code&gt;//span[@class = 'icon-minus']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;for minus button&lt;/strong&gt;- &lt;code&gt;//span[@class = 'icon-plus']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="12033" LastEditDate="2015-12-08T09:33:26.617" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T09:33:26.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14204" CreationDate="2015-12-08T09:36:40.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are several tools available and my favourite one is WinMerge ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://winmerge.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://winmerge.org&lt;/a&gt; ).&#xA;You can download the entire package and start using it through the User Interface so that you can be confident with the available features, then you can use it programmatically in two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using the plugins ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://manual.winmerge.org/Plugins.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://manual.winmerge.org/Plugins.html&lt;/a&gt; ); or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;executing it with command line ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://manual.winmerge.org/Command_line.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://manual.winmerge.org/Command_line.html&lt;/a&gt; ).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WinMerge is an Open Source software released under the GNU General Public License.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T09:36:40.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15978" CreationDate="2015-12-08T13:00:36.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find custom elements by using the tagName;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example of how to find an element that looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iframe src=&quot;...&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement frame = driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;iframe&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full documentation is available on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium API&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest you maintain a separate list (or Enum) of your custom elements as they are dynamically generated so easily changed in the code base which could lead to a high number of tests needing updating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T13:00:36.430" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16008" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-08T13:19:04.233" Score="0" ViewCount="921" Body="&lt;p&gt;While passing a value, system selects a different value from the drop down in selenium web driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the code written:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Users_RadGrid_ctl00_ctl02_ctl03_RCNewJobType_Input']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Users_RadGrid_ctl00_ctl02_ctl03_RCNewJobType_Input']&quot;)).sendKeys(mystring[5]);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Users_RadGrid_ctl00_ctl02_ctl03_RCNewJobType_Input']&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN,Keys.ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15587" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-07-15T12:00:29.747" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T12:00:29.747" Title="Selenium: Incorrect drop down option selected" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16009" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16020" CreationDate="2015-12-08T14:00:22.697" Score="8" ViewCount="936" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a financial web-based application having the back-end built on SQL Server. As far as DB testing is concerned, I test simply whether any value/input entered in the UI application is saved successfully in the DB. I sometimes test stored procedures and functions with dummy values and then validate the output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel that I am not doing DB testing as good as I should do. What are some best-practices/methods which can be used by a test engineer to do better database testing. What other aspects/factors should one test so that quality of the application can be assessed more efficiently?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T16:57:48.400" LastActivityDate="2020-03-26T15:20:28.813" Title="How to do more effective database testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16009" CreationDate="2015-12-08T16:47:45.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_Injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQL Injection&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load Test (may expose &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187030.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;max connections&lt;/a&gt; and/or slow queries)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Boundary testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T16:47:45.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16008" CreationDate="2015-12-08T16:53:31.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Minion4 pointed out, you want to use '&lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/Select.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;select&lt;/a&gt;' and not 'sendKeys'. You can select by Value, ID, Index, or Visible Text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T16:53:31.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15989" CreationDate="2015-12-08T17:05:28.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If by 'new show' you mean new window, then you'll have to fill in the gap that Selenium IDE leaves when exporting to Java by using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/switch-commands/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;switch&lt;/a&gt; command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an example in another SQA answer, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/12066/11015&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T17:05:28.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15893" CreationDate="2015-12-08T17:13:41.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/scripting---properties/tips---tricks.html#6-Changing-response-before-it-gets-validated&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; tip/trick you can modify the response's header. The example shows modifying the content but you should be able to get the gist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if( request.response == null )&#xA;return&#xA;&#xA;// get response content&#xA;def content = context.httpResponse.responseContent&#xA;&#xA;// manipulate content&#xA;content = content.replaceAll( &quot;555&quot;, &quot;444&quot; )&#xA;&#xA;// write it back&#xA;context.httpResponse.responseContent = content&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T16:57:36.150" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T16:57:36.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16009" CreationDate="2015-12-08T18:33:52.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Database testing may include validating the Schema of the database, trigger testing, procedure testing, testing the ACID properties and a lot many things.&#xA;You may include the security and performance aspect as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For details you can refer these websites:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/database-testing-process/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/database-testing-process/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/data-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/data-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T18:33:52.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15880" CreationDate="2015-12-08T19:47:23.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I might have a solution. But I'm not sure if this is the correct approach.&#xA;You can download the backup codes from google for your account and then select the &quot;use backup code&quot; for signing into the account. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The backup codes can be stored in an excel and then can be entered sequentially.&#xA;Of course, the backup code is valid only once and you'll have to download a new set once you have exhausted that.&#xA;Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastActivityDate="2015-12-08T19:47:23.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16009" CreationDate="2015-12-09T04:18:54.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do many type of testing for/with database , Some my suggestions are given below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Validation and Verification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing to check which query taking long time to get data and need to optimize&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Table structure and fields , In some companies they don't have DB specialist for database stuff so developers design database and in come cases they add unnecessary fields and tables which reduce data retrieval performance. So as tester you can suggest to remove things which can be manage from same table instead of creating new.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password encryption&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Active/Deactivate flags&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After above list rest is depends on application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T04:18:54.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16009" CreationDate="2015-12-09T06:14:45.583" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reposting from my blog notes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Database Testing involves the following Activities for a OLTP System&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Table Schema, Column names as per Design Document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Column Length and DataType&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Unicode Support (Storing Chinese/Japanese Characters) - NVARCHAR Datatype&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Indexes on Table (Clustered, Non-Clustered), Triggers for Auditing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Primary Key and Foreign Key Constraints defined on the Tables as in Design Document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Default Values of Columns, NOT NULLABLE columns, Constraints defined on Columns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Database Testing (Performance Tuning &amp;amp; Functional Testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is more towards White-box testing, Verifying the SQL Statements, Queries in the Procedure from a performance perspective. The objective here is to ensure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Access Methods (Seeks over SCANS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify JOINs used and ensure its Optimal (Nested vs Merge Vs Hash)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Very Logging and Auditing Enabled for Error Handling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Errors are logged and they contain Error Message, Supporting Details of Error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Coding Guidelines (Set based Operation vs Cursors, Try-Catch Block). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Isolation levels used. Recommend used of Read-Committed Snapshot isolation level to avoid potential blocking issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify Rollback is handled in Transactions (Eg. Order Creation is failed due to PK Violation, Entire Transaction should be rolled back, All tables associated with the transaction need to be rolled back)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Profiler, Activity Monitors, DMV queries to find top IO, CPU consuming queries, You can find more details in Performance Tuning Section&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:26:48.277" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:26:48.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9679" CreationDate="2015-12-09T06:47:51.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://checkpanel.com/regression-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Checkpanel&lt;/a&gt; is a free online tool for managing recurring checks like regression tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is extremely easy to use, not overloaded and logs all test results for future reference. It has multi user support. You can define how often you want to test each item and be reminded of overdue tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I am the founder of Checkpanel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15595" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T06:47:51.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16022" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-09T08:50:47.523" Score="1" ViewCount="1628" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are unit testing tools used when we code typescript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best and most efficient?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15599" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T11:51:00.510" Title="TypeScript Unit testing tools?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-01-08T13:18:38.657" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15845" CreationDate="2015-12-09T08:57:44.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bidirectional traceability needs to be implemented both forward and backward (i.e., from requirements to end products and from end product back to requirements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the requirements are managed well, traceability can be established from the source requirement to its lower level requirements and from the lower level requirements back to their source. Such bidirectional traceability helps determine that all source requirements have been completely addressed and that all lower level requirements can be traced to a valid source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information please visit &lt;a href=&quot;https://seeingfuture.wordpress.com/2012/02/16/bi-directional-traceability-matrix-cmmi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qualitytesting.info/forum/topics/what-is-forward-and-reverse-traceability-matrix&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15597" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T10:08:34.323" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T10:08:34.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16024" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16028" CreationDate="2015-12-09T10:06:02.743" Score="3" ViewCount="4405" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Ubuntu 12.04 OS, I need to check a website for browser Compatibility with IE, I have already tried Playonlinux and Wine Softwares. but IE is repeatedly crashing, Is there any option to have IE on Linux?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15597" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T11:52:44.063" Title="How to test website in IE for Ubuntu 12.04 os" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16022" CreationDate="2015-12-09T10:20:08.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my search to unit-test in TypeScript I found &lt;a href=&quot;https://theintern.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Intern&lt;/a&gt; most interesting as you can also write the tests in actual TypeScript instead of JavaScript. I most say that I haven't really used it in production, just some small experiments as proof of concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an article explaining how to use it combined with TypeScript: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sitepen.com/blog/2015/03/24/testing-typescript-with-intern/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.sitepen.com/blog/2015/03/24/testing-typescript-with-intern/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks pretty promising when you are using TypeScript and you are looking for a unit-testing setup that supports source maps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;import registerSuite = require('intern!object');&#xA;import assert = require('intern/chai!assert');&#xA;// Assume that we now have a version of our model in TypeScript:&#xA;import SimpleTodoModel = require('todo/model/SimpleTodoModel');&#xA;&#xA;registerSuite({&#xA;    name: 'SimpleTodoModel',&#xA;    // Assume we have a promises interface defined&#xA;    'default data'() {&#xA;        var emptyModel = new SimpleTodoModel(),&#xA;            id:string = emptyModel.get('id'),&#xA;            length:number = emptyModel.get('todos').length,&#xA;            incomplete:number = emptyModel.get('incomplete'),&#xA;            complete:number = emptyModel.get('complete');&#xA;        assert.strictEqual(id, 'todos-dojo',&#xA;                    'Id should default to &quot;todos-dojo&quot;');&#xA;        assert.strictEqual(length, 0,&#xA;                    'Todos array should default to an empty array.');&#xA;        assert.strictEqual(incomplete, 0,&#xA;                    'Incomplete count should default to 0.');&#xA;        assert.strictEqual(complete, 0,&#xA;                    'Incomplete count should default to 0.');&#xA;    }&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T10:20:08.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16082" CreationDate="2015-12-09T10:32:05.080" Score="6" ViewCount="941" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a difference between &lt;strong&gt;automated tests&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;test automation&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, what are the main goals of the individual  tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15597" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T10:44:43.330" LastActivityDate="2021-05-01T06:00:55.793" Title="What is the difference between automation tests and test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16026" CreationDate="2015-12-09T10:44:31.810" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated tests&lt;/strong&gt; are tests that can be run automated, often developed in a programming language. In this case we talk about the individual test cases, either unit-tests, integration/service or end-2-end tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test automation&lt;/strong&gt; is a broader concept and includes automated tests.&#xA;From my perspective it should be about the full automation of test cycles from check-in up-to deployment. Also called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_testing&quot;&gt;continuous testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous integration server picks-up changes in the source code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Starts running the unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploys (automated) to an integration environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Runs automated integration tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploys (automated) to an acceptance environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Runs automated end-2-end tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploys (automated or manual) to production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a combination of making automated tests by developers or testing engineers and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DevOps&quot;&gt;DevOps&lt;/a&gt; people automating deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T11:59:00.300" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T11:59:00.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16024" CreationDate="2015-12-09T10:55:11.760" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Internet Explorer is not native to Ubuntu/Linux so installing IE locally will give you different behaviors than IE on Windows (as you are forcing compatibility with unofficial APIs). As such, I would recommend against that approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead I would suggest running IE with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machine&quot;&gt;Virtual Machine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft has created some customized Windows VHDs with the purpose of allowing web designers to test websites in Internet Explorer 6 to 11 and Microsoft Edge, for Free for 30 days:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can run these which can be run via most virtual machines (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads&quot;&gt;Virtualbox&lt;/a&gt; being my preference)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can download the virtual machine images from this website provided by&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.modern.ie/en-us/virtualization-tools#downloads&quot;&gt;Microsoft&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T10:55:11.760" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16024" CreationDate="2015-12-09T11:29:16.130" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a former virtualbox user, my preference for testing my apps on ie8, ie9, ie10 and ie11 is now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parallels.  a paid piece of software (about $80-$100) that I now consider invaluable for my IE testing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.parallels.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.parallels.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also like Parallels because you can set up bookmarks for the URL's you frequently test and they are the next time you go to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parallels also does 2 really useful things automatically - it syncs your desktop so that files places on either desktop get auto transferred to the other desktop.  Nice.  Also Parallels automatically connects your existing printers so when you go to print in your windows vm the output gets sent to your main machine and its printer.  These two conveniences make its use a lot easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Windows-IE you download time-limited trials and save snapshots so you can just rollback to them when the trial expires.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to that we also use browserstack which lets you just use an external service.  This is a solution but not an answer to actually running IE locally.  However it does let one look at thousands of other devices and versions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used to use virtual box which lets me run windows virtual machines but since I found Parallels I find that much easier to use and maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sauce Labs is another external provider that provides a lot of valuable extras such as automatic screen shots and even movies of the workflow!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-12T11:52:44.063" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T11:52:44.063" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16030" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-12-09T12:13:13.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional testing is a quality assurance (QA) process and a type of black-box testing that bases its test cases on the specifications of the software component under test. Functions are tested by feeding them input and examining the output, and internal program structure is rarely considered (not like in white-box testing). Functional testing usually describes what the system does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional testing does not imply that you are testing a function (method) of your module or class. Functional testing tests a slice of functionality of the whole system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional testing differs from system testing in that functional testing &quot;verifies a program by checking it against ... design document(s) or specification(s)&quot;, while system testing &quot;validate[s] a program by checking it against the published user or system requirements&quot; (Kaner, Falk, Nguyen 1999, p. 52).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional testing has many types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoke testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sanity testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T15:14:04.593" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T15:14:04.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16031" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-12-09T12:13:13.157" Score="0" Body="Functional testing is a quality assurance (QA) process and a type of black-box testing that bases its test cases on the specifications of the software component under test." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-12-09T15:13:57.927" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T15:13:57.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15982" CreationDate="2015-12-09T14:49:26.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I were you I would use &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd504817.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ASP.Net Profiler&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will integrate nicely with your development (I am assuming Visual Studio because of the language choice).  If you want to expand that into &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webperformance.com/library/reports/load-testing-asp-dot-net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load Testing&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/836608/stress-testing-asp-net-application&quot;&gt;Stress Testing&lt;/a&gt; I would recommend those I have linked as a bit of further reading&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a budget available I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jetbrains.com/resharper/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Resharper&lt;/a&gt;  and in particular &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jetbrains.com/profiler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dotTrace&lt;/a&gt; within it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter is a very good Load testing tool but isn't designed as a Performance Testing tool. Also, I have found it difficult to integrate into a .Net development environment due to the underlying technology differences. But your mileage may vary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T14:49:26.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16037" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16038" CreationDate="2015-12-09T16:23:28.287" Score="5" ViewCount="209" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before actually starting testing we do smoke testing and after that we start the actual testing. Can we take the results of the smoke testing session as pre-condition and assumption while writing test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes/no then why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15137" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T04:16:35.420" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T14:39:31.293" Title="Can a smoke test be a pre-condition and assumption for a test case?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16037" CreationDate="2015-12-09T16:47:26.450" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question asks whether other test cases can cite smoke testing as a dependency.  The answer depends on the purpose of the dependency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the purpose is to &lt;strong&gt;narrow down what your test cases need to cover&lt;/strong&gt;, that's fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the purpose is to &lt;strong&gt;exploit a side-effect of the smoke test&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g. to take advantage of configuring the software in a certain way, or creating specific kind of data, you need to be careful.  Generally, it is a bad idea to make assumptions about the order in which test cases are executed, because the order can change.  Your example is mitigated by the fact that the tests you depend on are smoke tests, which by definition run before anything else.  Still, a better practice would be to divide the smoke test into two parts: a &lt;strong&gt;setup process&lt;/strong&gt; for the side-effects that your other other tests depend on, and one for the &lt;strong&gt;actual smoke-tests&lt;/strong&gt;.  That way, if you ever want to run your other tests without first running the smoke tests, you will know how to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-12-12T14:39:31.293" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T14:39:31.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12997" CreationDate="2015-12-09T18:11:43.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check and see if the VM is going into hibernate mode. We dealt with something similar and had to configure the machines to remain unlocked and on in order to ensure we were able to run at any time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T18:11:43.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16009" CreationDate="2015-12-09T20:50:07.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At this point I suppose you have already received the most of the info you need, anyhow I'll try to provide some input based on your answer to my comment: data integrity and data validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing data integrity: widely speaking it includes even the data validation testing but in a simplified check it consists of verifying that insert, update and delete operations preserve the data into your repository. Your check will verify that the data access layer of your application maintains the referential integrity preserving your data from corruption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing data validation: your check will verify that the data will be saved and retrieved respecting the correct data type and the expected range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2020-03-26T15:20:28.813" LastActivityDate="2020-03-26T15:20:28.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16037" CreationDate="2015-12-09T21:09:48.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that in an official master test plan a smoke test can be accepted as pre-condition for starting with formal test plans, or at least it would be difficult for me to justify a not formalized condition as trigger for a testing session.&#xA;Everything changes if your smoke test is composed by a predefined sequence of steps but,  in that case, you are not performing a real smoke test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke tests are really useful when you need to quickly reject a build and you do not want to invest your budget testing poor quality versions of a software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-09T21:09:48.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16044" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-10T03:53:44.073" Score="1" ViewCount="620" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to set up one of my Selenium Grid nodes using PhantomJS. (The rest of the nodes are all working fine with Firefox browsers) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now generally, when we configure a node, we launch a &lt;code&gt;selenium-standalone-server-&amp;lt;VERSION&amp;gt;.jar&lt;/code&gt; and apply a configuration we want for that specific node using a command line or using json configuration file. In case we want to use &lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver&lt;/code&gt;, we don't need to do anything else. If we want to use another browser, For example Chrome, we will just place a ChromeDriver executable on the node machine. So far so good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now when I am reading the instructions for PhantomJS configuration I see that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I don't need to have a separate copy of GhostDriver (PhantomJS driver) as it is embedded into PhantomJS itself. That is fine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I do have to register the node using phantomjs itself like that for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;phantomjs --webdriver=8080 --webdriver-selenium-grid-hub=http://127.0.0.1:4444&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;rather than using the &lt;code&gt;selenium-standalone-server-&amp;lt;VERSION&amp;gt;.jar&lt;/code&gt;, like for any other browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's what seemed a bit unusual to me. Why is that different for PhantomJS? Does that mean that selenium server is somehow embedded into the phantomjs package as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect to have same kind of configuration as with any other browser, meaning add a phantomjs as one of the available profiles into my &lt;code&gt;nodeConfig.json&lt;/code&gt; file and have a phantomjs package sitting somewhere on the same node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, I still need to launch the &lt;code&gt;selenium-standalone-server-&amp;lt;VERSION&amp;gt;.jar&lt;/code&gt; if I have other browser running on that node (which I do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:28:09.000" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:28:09.000" Title="Why a PhantomJS grid node is defined differently compared to other browsers" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16045" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16047" CreationDate="2015-12-10T08:50:05.590" Score="5" ViewCount="1133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had an interview a day ago, the interviewer asked me about phases of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SDLC&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have answered the question, now my question is: We as automation testers deal with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_testing_life_cycle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;STLC&lt;/a&gt;, is it necessary to answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SDLC&lt;/a&gt; related questions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T09:23:18.037" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T10:41:33.850" Title="As a tester should I answer questions about general SDLC in job interview" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16045" CreationDate="2015-12-10T09:08:15.483" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of-course you should a try to answer all questions in a job interview and if you don't know you can answer that you don't know, much better then making up bullshit. It might be good to openly question how this question relates to the job offering if you think its outside of the scope of the actual job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SDLC&lt;/a&gt; I would expect all team members in a software development team to have a basic understanding of software development lifecycles and what their part in it is. Thus I think this is a perfectly valid question to ask an automated tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With answering any question you could try steer towards something else like the STLC and explain how this more important for you as an automated tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-10T10:41:33.850" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T10:41:33.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16045" CreationDate="2015-12-10T09:19:53.803" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, the important thing in the question is to be sure you understand the world beyond your nose. Of course you're not directly impacted by the SDLC, but still, 80% of the shop around you will be. In other words, the recruiter asks the question to ensure you are able to get out of your role, and see things as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's important for your career to be able to know things beyond your own role. It helps a lot in senior roles, and sometimes even in junior ones, when suddenly you have to cooperate with the team nearby(be it product development, specs writing, commercial, whatever...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not only you have to answer the question(as excellently explained by Niels), but you have to appreciate a company that tries not to lock you into a closed role - and therefore give you more cards to play for the next move in your career path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T09:19:53.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14159" CreationDate="2015-12-10T10:18:21.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;from my understandings you have SRS of any web based product, when product released the SRS will be updated so follow these steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. get updated SRS document from Project Management Team.&#xA;2.create an excel containing UI and fuctionality of each page.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this way you can maintain it, in short maintain your SRS it will be easier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T10:18:21.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16052" CreationDate="2015-12-10T11:17:56.073" Score="0" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any opensource application is available for to test hybrid application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15322" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T19:41:09.623" Title="I am looking for an application to test hybrid mobile application for android/IOS" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-12T19:47:27.953" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12049" CreationDate="2015-12-10T12:06:02.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ISTQB describes non-functional tests as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non-functional testing includes, but is not limited to, performance testing, load testing, stress testing, usability testing, maintainability testing, reliability testing and portability testing. It is the testing of &quot;how&quot; the system works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T12:06:02.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16049" CreationDate="2015-12-10T19:41:09.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Manual Testing, you can use the emulators provided with the IDEs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/iOS_Simulator_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XCode Simulator&lt;/a&gt; (iOS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/tools/help/avd-manager.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Android Studio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are online versions of both available online from services like BrowserStack.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation there are drivers for Selenium, JUnit tests in Android Studio, Unit tests in Xcode, or &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; (which uses the emulators from XCode and Android Studio and runs Selenium tests). If you go the automation route, Appium seems to be the most popular at this time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-12-10T19:41:09.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14086" CreationDate="2015-12-11T01:03:03.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For most apps start by testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;signup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;logout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;edit user info&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delete user (admin)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add item&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;edit item&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delete item&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for each of the above test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;happy....   The user uses expected values and defaults, Minimal approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sad........     The user uses invalid values and gets error messages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;options.. The user adds optional or additional information, maximal approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider testing in 4 quadrants:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;              |&#xA;  Integrated  |  Performance&#xA;  __________________________&#xA;              |&#xA;  Unit        |  Exploratory&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And using the testing triangle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;              ui tests                    |     few (dozens)&#xA;           integrated tests              /|\&#xA;          individual unit tests         /\/\/\  many (thousands)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've got all the above tested you'll likely have a good sense of what to test next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T01:09:41.203" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T01:09:41.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16056" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16058" CreationDate="2015-12-11T05:23:25.993" Score="5" ViewCount="9125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had an interview and they asked me how you will perform API testing? What should be my perfect answer? I explained what ever I have experienced with API testing but I felt that they were not satisfied with my answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have answered as follow :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally I test following things while do API Testing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data accuracy &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Validations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error codes if API returns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I told that I use SOAP UI to test API. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know perfect answer for this question and please suggest other tool as well which help me to do API testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T09:06:10.550" Title="How do you perform API Testing? I had an interview question" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16057" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-11T05:31:08.363" Score="2" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have learned various theoretical testing methods and test case generations through university's quality assurance course. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the techniques that interest me is &lt;strong&gt;Graph Coverage&lt;/strong&gt; which is a theory to visualize each operation (e.g. click a button) as a node and the transition as edge (DAG). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prime Path Coverage&lt;/strong&gt; is used to create high coverage while minimizing the number of test cases. This is very useful for functional testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if we are to test a web application, the operations that can be done to use the application can be represented as a graph, and we can find the prime paths in the graph in order to derive test cases. We can always use equivalence partitioning to feed in different inputs to the paths to test for correct outputs. The combination of graph coverage and equivalence partitioning can help QA to find the minimum number of test cases that cover the most.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this method sounds pretty functional on paper, how practical is this technique and how often this is used in the industry?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15634" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T10:30:13.787" LastActivityDate="2016-01-10T19:22:28.037" Title="Is it common in the software industry to use graph coverage for their functional front-end tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16056" CreationDate="2015-12-11T06:55:21.957" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, an API is such a loaded term. It can be REST, SOAP, RMI, or native C++ library API, etc., so the tooling will depend on that. Particular test scenarios will depend on that as well. For instance, for REST or SOAP over HTTP you may want to check popular HTTP-related attacks like HTTP Response Splitting, etc. You may also check if API is well-defined, e.g. in case of REST it is RESTful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next thing is that you may test API in isolated, small scenarios, where you check expected responses for valid and invalid inputs. This may go two ways, either through equivalence class partitioning and boundary checks, or with fuzz testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, API is just an interface to a system or a library living in a certain context: it may have different states and may be just a part of different flows. So I would verify that as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already mentioned some security tests, but there's a whole set of other non-functional tests you can run against API, performance tests included.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T06:55:21.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16059" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-11T06:56:23.047" Score="1" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Selenium IDE is able to get information about the recorded controls by subscribing to the events raised by the Firefox browser. This way it is able to write handlers for the subscribed events. Is this correct? Or is it a totally different approach? Could you help us in improving our understanding about this recorder functionality of Selenium IDE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15265" LastEditorUserId="15265" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T05:13:37.770" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T05:13:37.770" Title="Working principle behind the recorder in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-12-11T14:04:37.520" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16060" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16086" CreationDate="2015-12-11T07:37:13.507" Score="4" ViewCount="251" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone experience of load-testing a web application hosted on Amazon-EC2 by using the JMeter that is also hosted on Amazon EC2 instance &lt;strong&gt;(separate instance)&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share best practices and tips while doing so. I am specifically interested if it will have &lt;strong&gt;any negative-impact on 'results'&lt;/strong&gt; since both are hosted on Amazon EC2 instances (using same regional zone).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastEditorUserId="15499" LastEditDate="2015-12-13T06:06:46.977" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T06:06:46.977" Title="Will there be any negative impact, If I load test an Amazon-EC2 hosted application from JMeter (also AWS-EC2 hosted)" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15090" CreationDate="2015-12-11T07:51:39.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have to use &lt;code&gt;quit()&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;close()&lt;/code&gt;, because of that it is happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T10:33:04.727" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T10:33:04.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16056" CreationDate="2015-12-11T10:16:32.430" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general your answers were valid. But to create a better impression you could communicate the points which show you have deeper understanding of APIs and API testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can mention about web services, APIs REST, SOAP, WSDL, XML, JSON, different methods (POST, GET, DELETE) etc so they get the perception that you have technical understanding of these technologies&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It will be good to share if you have any prior experience of testing APIs. How you did test designing/documentation for them. Which tools (manual/automated both) you used. why &amp;amp; how.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can test following factors in APIs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;data, data type, data order, data completeness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;authorization checks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;http status codes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;response time out implementation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;security and performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For further tips: &lt;a href=&quot;https://mathieu.fenniak.net/the-api-checklist/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://mathieu.fenniak.net/the-api-checklist/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T10:16:32.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16057" CreationDate="2015-12-11T10:43:52.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. In my opinion its usage really depends on factors like project nature, development model etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Such graphs, techniques, methodologies may be used in long-term projects with highly complex and functional application&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On other hands these could be considered over-kill on a 3-6 months project with a less functional application or in an agile environment&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we talk industry wise, then my wild-guess is usage of such techniques could not be more than 30%. So, while these are not very common but that does not make them 'bookish only. I hope you got the point :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T10:43:52.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15725" CreationDate="2015-12-11T11:18:50.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Frankly, this is a modern bane of many testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you need to do is remind people in your teams (and higher up) that Everyone is working towards the same goal and its important that everyone in the team is respected for their areas of knowledge and specialism.  You are a memeber of the development team who happens to specialize in writing Webdriver tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your question you mention ownership of test automation.  I presume this is something along the lines of running and checking the results of a nightly webdriver suite.  Explain to your team that if you are on holiday for a couple of weeks then the daily checks will need to continue regardless.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Provide training to them so they can cover should the need arise.  Running tests that no one looks at the results for Benefit no one, make sure that is understood by the team as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make sure automated tests are written I would suggest you add the automated tests to the Definition of Done for a story.  Help define these during your planning meeting as part of the requirements in the story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In agile, a tester is BA, PO, Dev and Tester.  So are all the Devs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change will take time, don't expect it to occur overnight.  But once the teams sees the benefits it brings, they won't want to go back!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good areas to read further are &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrumalliance.org/community/articles/2013/june/testers-working-in-an-agile-team&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gov.uk/service-manual/making-software/testing-in-agile.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T11:18:50.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16057" CreationDate="2015-12-11T11:54:03.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not common in rapid development &lt;em&gt;per&lt;/em&gt; project but graphic representation of data, especially front-end, is very useful over a long period of time OR even multiple projects AT a time. My best answer is it's most likely more common in bigger companies with bigger teams as well as cross-team cooperation that agile is/has been inspiring in teams. However if &lt;strong&gt;Prime Path Coverage&lt;/strong&gt; can reduce the number of test cases which in turn reduces test case maintenance AND provide insight into business intelligence and end user experience then I'll bet it's popular in and around forward thinking startups or SMME's. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15642" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T11:54:03.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15951" CreationDate="2015-12-11T12:01:51.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Couple of options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Duplicate the suite, one with one path, one with the other.  This could cause you maintenance headaches though&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a variable for the property (template) and have a conditional go to in a test script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Groovy Script (If env = UAT go to Properties (UAT))&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Properties (Live endpoint)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Property Transfer to endpoint of Test Steps&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test steps&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Groovy Script (Go to End Step, code at bottom)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Properties (UAT endpoint)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Property Transfer to endpoint of Test Steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Groovy Script (Go to Test, code at bottom)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;End Step&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Groovy Script (Go to End Step)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testRunner.gotoStepByName(&quot;End Step&quot;)&#xA;log.info 'Gone To End Step'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Groovy Script (Go to Test Steps)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testRunner.gotoStepByName(&quot;Test steps&quot;)&#xA;log.info 'Gone to Test steps'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T12:01:51.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16068" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-11T13:50:52.580" Score="-1" ViewCount="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just trying to dig as deep as I can to find the most clear-cut best practices as I can, but I am having trouble finding code or tutorials that are anything but absolute basic and then they just hand you off to &quot;Oh here's how to add to 14 on the calculator. YOU'RE ALL SET!&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would there be any real need for sort of an end to end tutorial/blog sort of WordPress site that would cater towards more advanced learning? I have sort of started a blog and then I totally re-designed it to start off easy enough for newer manual QA's to read it, but give them a deep, full understanding. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am at the point now where I want to bring in a few other writer's as I am getting to the actual functional coding part now. I have a few topics in mind: Correct usage of waitforready, using if element.exist vs waitforready bool == false, Finding hidden elements in the DOM using the tree, and clear cut ways to pick reliable locators that will last.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a good idea, where would I go to look for volunteers interested in writing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the current content is viewable at SmartTester.net&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15644" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T20:27:10.797" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T20:27:10.797" Title="Is there a need for advanced learning resources for automation testers?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-14T03:44:56.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16069" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-11T14:56:27.653" Score="3" ViewCount="3215" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've generated following script in VUGEN (LR Community Edition) and getting the following error when replaying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Action.c(36): Error -35061: No match found for the requested parameter &#xA;&quot;CorrelationParameter&quot;. Check whether the requested boundaries exist in the &#xA;response data. Also, if the data you want to save exceeds 9999 bytes, use &#xA;web_set_max_html_param_len to increase the parameter size   [MsgId: MERR-35061]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Output:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Action()&#xA;{&#xA;web_set_max_html_param_len(&quot;9999&quot;); &#xA;/*Correlation comment - Do not change!  Original value='x-AR3oHRoaXc9bX3qP2PLkxYiQg_q8TvLTRPK9Ope0D02-hgNuxiJq1lC3aRGYptDP8YxEv3k2JwXD5RJo2SXuf4vh41' Name ='__RequestVerificationToken_2' Type ='ResponseBased'*/&#xA;    web_reg_save_param_ex(&#xA;        &quot;ParamName=__RequestVerificationToken_2&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;LB=type=\&quot;hidden\&quot; value=\&quot;&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RB=\&quot; &quot;,&#xA;        SEARCH_FILTERS,&#xA;        &quot;Scope=Body&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;IgnoreRedirections=No&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RequestUrl=*/scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/*&quot;,&#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_url(&quot;scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;URL=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t1.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;/*Correlation comment - Do not change!  Original value='pjstSpLHCLNXxzjr5q58357xuyDChqEcqBHG489Ouzvoy1zw0uSq6hb60mZSUQWz44eIn4cJ/We4jZZiOysixJSOP641W5b5k3Ig+57gqIoVzmLp6vF52fhgUPOZbIXU542AOg==' Name ='CorrelationParameter' Type ='ResponseBased'*/&#xA;    web_reg_save_param_ex(&#xA;        &quot;ParamName=CorrelationParameter&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;LB=\&quot;Url\&quot;:\&quot;/signalr\&quot;,\&quot;ConnectionToken\&quot;:\&quot;&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RB=\&quot;,&quot;,&#xA;        SEARCH_FILTERS,&#xA;        &quot;Scope=Body&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;IgnoreRedirections=No&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RequestUrl=*/negotiate*&quot;,&#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net_2&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;EncodeAtSign=YES&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t2.inf&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;,&#xA;        ITEMDATA,&#xA;        &quot;Name=__RequestVerificationToken&quot;, &quot;Value={__RequestVerificationToken_2}&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=Email&quot;, &quot;Value=alifar.hangill@gmail.com&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=Password&quot;, &quot;Value=password&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=RememberMe&quot;, &quot;Value=false&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_convert_param(&quot;CorrelationParameter_URL2&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;SourceString={CorrelationParameter}&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;SourceEncoding=HTML&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;TargetEncoding=URL&quot;,&#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_custom_request(&quot;abort&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;URL=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/signalr/abort?transport=serverSentEvents&amp;amp;connectionToken={CorrelationParameter_URL2}&amp;amp;connectionData=%5B%7B%22name%22%3A%22notificationhub%22%7D%5D&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/QuickWizard&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t3.inf&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;EncType=application/json; charset=UTF-8&quot;,&#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_url(&quot;Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;URL=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/QuickWizard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t4.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;GetSalesCycle&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Widgets/GetSalesCycle&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t5.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sort&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=group&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=filter&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;MandrillOpenWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Widgets/MandrillOpenWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t6.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sort&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=group&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=filter&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;GAAreaChart&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Widgets/GAAreaChart&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t7.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sort&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=group&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=filter&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;DocumentWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Widgets/DocumentWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t8.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sort&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=group&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=filter&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;LeadSourceWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Widgets/LeadSourceWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t9.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sort&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=group&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=filter&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;MandrillDeliveredWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Widgets/MandrillDeliveredWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t10.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sort&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=group&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=filter&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;GetInvoicesStats&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Widgets/GetInvoicesStats&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t11.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sort&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=group&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=filter&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;ResolvePendingIssueWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Widgets/ResolvePendingIssueWidget&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t12.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sort&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=group&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=filter&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_add_cookie(&quot;.ASPXAUTH=68AEAF321CD8294497F19F05B936960681A25C158A40E12EA6C41E57E13BF40F02DEB0F51EBC0A5A4A0B049A733027FBB952ECED967658503ED14B63FE2FFEA97380EBB708DF4E13DAF42D6F473A519F4EDF1F1A1887B110C3C294483CC452288949A0353124C88BEC877A4AA6BAA52102C09FA7; DOMAIN=scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    web_custom_request(&quot;abort_2&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;URL=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/signalr/abort?transport=serverSentEvents&amp;amp;connectionToken=EOS2PQ4lJ3ps%2B8i5qe4k680RORMBlFoR2ahxk12cStBZVx3ZvDlMHVAvCsJJ1ub62xUFvLsUgPBy25gYqo0dTFK6dTv4VTbhgdvoSX3%2BemDZ32qLTQx%2BUSXdoIl3oR5ZzGPCuQ%3D%3D&amp;amp;connectionData=%5B%7B%22name%22%3A%22notificationhub%22%7D%5D&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t13.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;EncType=application/json; charset=UTF-8&quot;, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;LogOff&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/Account/LogOff&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CRO/Dashboard&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t14.inf&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;,&#xA;        ITEMDATA,&#xA;        &quot;Name=__RequestVerificationToken&quot;, &quot;Value=mgKPnNE50ng7ibltWTO__OHsMHln0KfuJ4GuTVMbc0sLeh5k_xkM2Q-XS5jZGezVMjzwfObUnRaKZwymH5xxxNrcE34YSMj3WNFn5srD2zuh6avR0&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    return 0;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-08-10T07:52:53.210" LastActivityDate="2019-09-16T15:16:12.137" Title="How to correct Correlation problem in loadrunner" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11885" CreationDate="2015-12-11T16:44:16.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We’ve been using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/automated-gui-testing-tools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt; for quite a while now and we are really happy with this tool. &#xA;It supports web, desktop and mobile applications, so we need not use three or more different tools for testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also nice that the test modules can be reused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15646" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T16:44:16.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16060" CreationDate="2015-12-11T16:55:04.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of my clients use AWS and I perform load testing without issue. Note that doing it from one source your network/bandwidth/router/adapter could be the bottle neck. It would be best to spread out the load over multiple machines/networks for more accurate results. What you are most interested in when doing these tests is how the server reacts to the load and not necessarily the response times on the client side. With AWS you can put on monitoring tools to look at the CPU/RAM usage while under load. If the CPU/RAM is being heavily tasked, increase your instance size to see if that helps. You should also have monitoring on your RDS/DB. &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/cloudtrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CloudTrail&lt;/a&gt; can inform you of slow queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T16:55:04.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16068" CreationDate="2015-12-11T17:46:33.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We already do have such resource, it is called &quot;Google&quot; :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now seriously: feel free to blog about your interests, but you cannot predict reliably interest of other people, and tasks they need to solve. If you can, &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; should be your business, and not blogging about QA :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your selected path to learn advanced stuff might be optimal for you (or might not - you don't know what you don't know, famous &quot;unknown unknowns&quot; of Donald Rumsfeld), but your optimal path very likely will not match interests and needs of others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So don't try to &quot;cater to advanced learning&quot;. Post about what you learned, and if you post good material, people will find your best posts (using Google), and may even read some others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are competing for attention with many thousands of very smart people, chances are that even if you are extremely smart, there are few people smarter than you (and that is OK). On Internet, information has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_tail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;long tail&lt;/a&gt;, but because audience is so huge, even most obscure bits of info have some value to someone. You just cannot know for whom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And of course I can also be wrong - I was wrong before, and sure I will be again. Prove me wrong! Go ahead and create a blog with excellent resources for learning!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T20:19:12.023" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T20:19:12.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16057" CreationDate="2015-12-11T18:12:29.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Such approach might be required is some extreme cases like nuclear power station or software for a space probe (where you have no second chances), but for standard applications (95%) such approach will be overkill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QA is chronically understaffed, and it is rational business decision.&lt;/strong&gt; Adding new features gains new customers (and sustains business), while announcement on a yearly industry conference that &quot;despite upgrading to new libraries, our software still works&quot; will not get you much press attention. If your old software has no known bugs (is perfect), while your competitor has just few bugs (no major ones) but features your app is lacking, guess which business will grow and which will stagnate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in real world, your goal is not to analyze all combinations of the possible inputs, and test cases covering them, but regression test more common &quot;happy paths&quot;, and listen to your customers and fix what is most annoying for them. Usually there is more bugs to be fixed than resources available to do it. So you triage, and some bugs will become obsolete before that got fixed because application changed enough that they are not relevant anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T18:12:29.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16057" CreationDate="2015-12-11T18:28:46.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is an appealing idea but there are serious impediments to making it work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to create the DAG.  This can be a lot of work.  Either you try to crawl the UI to auto-discover the DAG (that's a research project -- see &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cs.umd.edu/~atif/publications.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Atif Memon's research at the University of Maryland&lt;/a&gt; or you create (and update) the DAG manually, for each release.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you want to test for more than crashes, you also need a model for how the UI should behave, e.g. a state machine.  This too can be a lot of work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, QA teams do not have the time to maintain DAGs and UI models, so they focus on ad-hoc approaches.  Making DAG-based testing effective will require better tools than we have today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T18:28:46.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-11T20:56:12.930" Score="0" ViewCount="630" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test case with below mentioned code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void _001_Search()&#xA;{&#xA;    BrowserWindow brw = BrowserWindow.FromProcess(proc_browserProcessNo);&#xA;    TopLeftNavigationLinks_Elements.ClickLink1TopNavigationLink(brw);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It uses two non-test methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Method1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace Links&#xA;{&#xA;    public class TopLeftNavigationLinks_Elements&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static void ClickLink1TopNavigationLink(BrowserWindow brw)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Find the Link1 top nvaigation menu link and click it&#xA;            var elementName_ToBeLocated = LocateUIElementByIdentifiers.GetElementLocators_FromUiElementsSheet(str_sheetName, &quot;ele_Link1&quot;);&#xA;            GenericFunctions_ForLocatingElements.FindHyperLink_Click(brw, elementName_ToBeLocated.Item1.ToString());&#xA;            logger.Info(&quot;Link1 was found and clicked&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Method2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace Functions&#xA;{&#xA;    public class GenericFunctions_ForLocatingElements&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static HtmlHyperlink FindHyperLink_Click(BrowserWindow brw, string str_uiElementPrimaryLocator)&#xA;        {&#xA;            XmlConfigurator.Configure();&#xA;            Boolean bol_hyperLinkFound;&#xA;            HtmlHyperlink html_hyperLink = new HtmlHyperlink(brw);&#xA;            //Verify if the browser window exists or not&#xA;            if (brw.Exists)&#xA;            {&#xA;                html_hyperLink.SearchProperties.Clear(); //Clear the existing Search Logic&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;                //Find the HyperLink with the InnerText verify if it exists or not&#xA;                html_hyperLink.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.InnerText, str_uiElementPrimaryLocator, PropertyExpressionOperator.Contains);&#xA;                Mouse.Click(html_hyperLink);&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(str_uiElementPrimaryLocator);&#xA;                bol_hyperLinkFound = html_hyperLink.Exists;&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(bol_hyperLinkFound.ToString());&#xA;                //Verify if the HyperLink exists or not with the specified Search logic&#xA;                if (bol_hyperLinkFound)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    logger.Info(html_hyperLink.ToString() + &quot; found by InnerText&quot;);&#xA;                    if (html_hyperLink.Enabled) //Verify if the HyperLink is enabled or not&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        Mouse.Click(html_hyperLink); //Click the HyperLink&#xA;                        Console.WriteLine(&quot;3&quot;);&#xA;                        logger.Info(html_hyperLink.ToString() + &quot; is clicked&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    else&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        logger.Info(html_hyperLink.ToString() + &quot; can't be clicked because it is not enabled&quot;);&#xA;                        Assert.IsTrue(html_hyperLink.Enabled, &quot;HyperLink with InnerText &quot; + str_uiElementPrimaryLocator + &quot; is not enabled&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                    //Display this message if HyperLink not found by InnerText&#xA;                    logger.Info(&quot;HyperLink with InnerText &quot; + str_uiElementPrimaryLocator + &quot; not found&quot;);&#xA;                    Assert.IsTrue(bol_hyperLinkFound, &quot;Hyperlink with InnerText &quot; + str_uiElementPrimaryLocator + &quot; not found on the &quot; + brw + &quot; window.&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                Assert.IsTrue(brw.Exists, &quot;Browser window for finding the Hyperlink with InnertText &quot; + str_uiElementPrimaryLocator + &quot; does not exist&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            return html_hyperLink;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the issue is, Coded Ui is not Clicking the HyperLink, it is able to find the same but not clicking the link. While if I use the following code in Method1 and doesn't use Method2, Mouse Pointer is moved to that link and it is able to click the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace Links&#xA;{&#xA;    public class TopLeftNavigationLinks_Elements&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static void ClickLink1TopNavigationLink(BrowserWindow brw)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Find the Link1 top nvaigation menu link and click it&#xA;            var elementName_ToBeLocated = LocateUIElementByIdentifiers.GetElementLocators_FromUiElementsSheet(str_sheetName, &quot;ele_Link1&quot;);&#xA;            HtmlHyperlink h = new HtmlHyperlink(brw);&#xA;            Console.WriteLine(elementName_ToBeLocated.Item1);&#xA;            h.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.InnerText, elementName_ToBeLocated.Item1, PropertyExpressionOperator.Contains);&#xA;            Mouse.Click(h);&#xA;            logger.Info(&quot;Link1 was found and clicked&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why Coded UI is not able to Find and Click the element using Method1 and Method2 both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2015-12-11T21:03:44.013" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T13:41:45.843" Title="Issue with Coded UI hand written Test cases" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16060" CreationDate="2015-12-11T22:14:43.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following what Kirbycope mentioned, it is a good idea to profile the response time at two levels i.e:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long finishing the process takes within the application e.g. it takes 2 ms to update a record.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long the whole API call takes to finish (from sending the request to receiving the response)  i.e. previous time + network e.g. 50 ms.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most probably for the 1st layer you need to profile the response time from within your application and keep the duration somewhere, e.g. Header.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The 2nd layer is measured by most of the Test Performance Tools like JMeter. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't be surprise if the majority of time is spend on Network etc (not layer 1). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the consequence of the previous point, closer you test hosts to the application, better response time you get. Consider where the service consumers are located.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Although &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/autoscaling/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoScaling&lt;/a&gt; supposed to be the safety net for applications on AWS, don't forget that bringing up a new instance is not a boolean! You might be interested to monitor the behavior of your application then. In this direction I think some Infrastructure Reliability Testing is worth. For example have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Netflix/SimianArmy/wiki/Chaos-Monkey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chaos Monkey&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T22:14:43.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15588" CreationDate="2015-12-11T22:43:36.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;contains&quot; isn't a valid css selector, so it won't work (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_selectors.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this CSS Selector Reference&lt;/a&gt;).  I read somewhere it was part of a draft version of CSS once, but got cut (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/PR-css3-selectors-20091215/#content-selectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xpath may still be an option; even if the order of elements on the page is uncertain, you can use a partial xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@class='rpText' and text()='Issues Management']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also chain findElements to narrow things down if that doesn't work for some reason&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;a[title='MyServices']&quot;)).findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//span[text()='Issues Management']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14380" LastActivityDate="2015-12-11T22:43:36.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16026" CreationDate="2015-12-12T00:51:47.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some linguistic analysis might also help clarify:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated Tests - in this case, &quot;Tests&quot; is a noun; the test is a thing. &quot;Automated Tests&quot; are particular types of tests; ones whose execution has been automated via some kind of code so that a person does not have to manual execute the test. You can have 1, 2, 3.... hundreds of automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Automation - this can be a noun as in the subject of &quot;Automation&quot; with &quot;Test&quot; indicating the type of automation. But, it is also refers to an activity; the activity of automating a given test or set of tests. As said previously; &quot;Test Automation&quot; is a broader concept than &quot;Automated Tests&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15467" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T00:51:47.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-12T01:53:25.037" Score="1" ViewCount="1403" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is a common question, but I have a requirement where I need to read values from XML file. Sturcture of the XML file is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot; ?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;root&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;uielements&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Page name =&quot;Page1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child123&quot; value=&quot;Search123&quot; type=&quot;type1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child124&quot; value=&quot;Search124&quot; type=&quot;type2&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child125&quot; value=&quot;Search125&quot; type=&quot;type3&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child126&quot; value=&quot;Search126&quot; type=&quot;type4&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/Page&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;Page name =&quot;Page2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child123&quot; value=&quot;Search123&quot; type=&quot;type1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child124&quot; value=&quot;Search124&quot; type=&quot;type2&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child125&quot; value=&quot;Search125&quot; type=&quot;type3&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child126&quot; value=&quot;Search126&quot; type=&quot;type4&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/Page&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;Page name =&quot;Page3&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child123&quot; value=&quot;Search123&quot; type=&quot;type1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child124&quot; value=&quot;Search124&quot; type=&quot;type2&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child125&quot; value=&quot;Search125&quot; type=&quot;type3&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child126&quot; value=&quot;Search126&quot; type=&quot;type4&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/Page&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;Page name =&quot;Page4&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child123&quot; value=&quot;Search123&quot; type=&quot;type1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child124&quot; value=&quot;Search124&quot; type=&quot;type2&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child125&quot; value=&quot;Search125&quot; type=&quot;type3&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;element name=&quot;ele_child126&quot; value=&quot;Search126&quot; type=&quot;type4&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/Page&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/uielements&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/root&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to get value of the 'value' attribute, based on the page name and element name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page name will be unique in one file, while element name can be duplicate but unique inside one page name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Earlier, I was using something like below code for getting this value, but now I have one more attribute i.e. Page name and below logic is no more working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string name = &quot;'ele_child123'&quot;;&#xA;string find = &quot;//element[@name=&quot; + name + &quot;]/@value&quot;;&#xA;string attrVal = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode(find).Value;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T11:28:28.490" Title="How to read value from XML" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-11T12:37:12.730" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13090" CreationDate="2015-12-12T06:12:32.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A literal approach would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//EditText[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This simply goes to the 2nd Edit text field on the page. For something simple like a sign-in page this would be ok since you aren't likely to add/remove text fields. However, as Butch notes, this kind of literal path can be brittle on pages with multiple elements that are frequently changing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to design a 'smarter' xpath locator much like Dmitry stated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His looks for the specific View element (PASSWORD) regardless of its position and then navigates to back up to the parent node VIEW (using '../') then back down to the EditText element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15651" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T06:12:32.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16085" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-12T09:17:13.550" Score="0" ViewCount="677" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Page factory model - I need number of elements in list, I am trying in the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**[FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;//*[@id='ABC']/div&quot;)]&#xA;public List&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; allElements;&#xA;Console.Write(&quot;Number of Elements: &quot; +allElements.Count);**&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run my test I am getting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ERROR system.argumentexception: object of type&#xA;  'castle.Proxies.IwrapsElementProxy_1' cannot be converted to type&#xA;  'System.Collections.Generic.List 1 [OpenQA.Selenim.IWebElemen]'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure what is going wrong here. Any input is much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15654" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T12:15:41.457" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T12:15:41.457" Title="Need help with getting list of items in Page factory, c#" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16060" CreationDate="2015-12-12T11:18:36.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There shouldn't be any negative impact, it's even better - you won't have to worry about network issues and bandwidth. Just make sure that you follow JMeter best practices, to wit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run JMeter in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#non_gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;command-line mode&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable all &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#listeners&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Listeners&lt;/a&gt; during test run]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tweak &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.apache.org/jmeter/JMeterFAQ#JMeter_keeps_getting_.22Out_of_Memory.22_errors.__What_can_I_do.3F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java Heap&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cubrid.org/blog/dev-platform/how-to-tune-java-garbage-collection/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Garbage Collection&lt;/a&gt; options according to your EC2 instance parameters  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you're using &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/elastic-ip-addresses-eip.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Elastic IP&lt;/a&gt; or other load balancing mechanism make sure you add &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/dns-cache-manager-right-way-test-load-balanced-apps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DNS Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T11:18:36.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16078" CreationDate="2015-12-12T13:27:08.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got the solution for the above issue, the code line &lt;code&gt;html_hyperLink.SearchProperties.Clear();&lt;/code&gt; was causing problem, after removing this line test cases are working fine as required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T13:27:08.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16088" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-12T14:43:47.280" Score="2" ViewCount="496" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have built a navigation app (android and iOS)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to automatically\manually test its battery consumption while navigating from A to B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And compare it to the battery consumption of external apps like Google maps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you advise me to do so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For external application I usually use &lt;code&gt;appiu&lt;/code&gt; for ui automating. But it requires connecting to a computer with a USB which charge the battery as I test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;android&lt;/code&gt; I know I can use &lt;code&gt;robotium&lt;/code&gt; and disconnect the smartphone from data-charging USB. But then how can i test the battery consumption?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;iOS&lt;/code&gt; - what is the equivalent to &lt;code&gt;robotium&lt;/code&gt; or in general, how would you test it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15455" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T12:51:46.123" Title="how to compare my app battery usage to other apps usage?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15402" CreationDate="2015-12-12T18:27:47.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on the exact requirements your application has. We have been in a similar situation some time ago and we did a lot of research on this topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have found a nice comparison of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/ranorex-vs-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex vs. Selenium&lt;/a&gt; which helped us in the decision-making process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in the end it is the best choice to give the tools a try and test them by yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15656" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T18:27:47.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12038" CreationDate="2015-12-12T20:51:21.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whitebox is a keyword used for defining a test category that is opposite to blackbox testing.&#xA;The difference between the two is really straightforward:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whitebox testing is performed with a knowledge of what there is behind the scenes. Talking about software testing it basically means you can access the source code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;blackboox testing is performed against an interface. You know the input and evaluate the output but you are not allowed to know what happens inside the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general blackbox testing is often performed by alpha and beta testers and it mainly consists of manual testing sessions, the whitebox testing indeed allows to dig deeper into the structure of the software. One of the main advantages of being a whitebox testers is having the opportunity to automate test cases and then physically locate where the tested code is failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moving from blackbox to whitebox I think is a big chance for you to improve your skills on the field of software testing and you'll have the possibility to start using  a lot of tools already available on the market, and many of them are free. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For giving you more detailed info about automation tools you should add some more info about the technologies are currently adopetd by your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-12T21:03:54.787" LastActivityDate="2015-12-12T21:03:54.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16091" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16461" CreationDate="2015-12-13T00:00:37.247" Score="1" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;Navigate to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://html5-demos.appspot.com/hangouts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;custom elements&lt;/a&gt; example, open a console and type in &lt;code&gt;document.body.getElementsByTagName(&quot;*&quot;).length&lt;/code&gt; - you should get 6 returned as the result. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using webdriver, try &lt;code&gt;(def d (execute-script &quot;var n = document.body.getElementsByTagName(\&quot;*\&quot;).length; return n;&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; and a count on that returns 5. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is webdriver auto-filtering my results? The custom element &lt;code&gt;hangout-module&lt;/code&gt; is not returned.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15496" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-01-09T15:24:40.400" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T18:01:28.053" Title="Webdriver auto-filtering results" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16095" CreationDate="2015-12-13T01:26:16.680" Score="3" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my application there is a 'Reset' button and upon pressing  the reset button some fields in application page should be enabled and some should be disabled. Along with reset button, there are other buttons like save and cancel which are working fine but the expected behaviour of the 'Reset' is not happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to ask what severity should I assign to this kind of defect related to reset button?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Severity has following options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)Critical&#xA;2)High&#xA;3)Minor&#xA;4)Trivial&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have assigned 'High' severity to this defect. Have I done wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, what priority can this defect have?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Priority has values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)High &#xA;2)Medium &#xA;3)Low.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also raised this question &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34242198/severity-of-reset-button&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T09:12:20.093" Title="Evaluating severity of a defect of a reset button" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-17T12:49:46.753" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-13T06:17:34.280" Score="5" ViewCount="23211" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to do an assert to make sure a correct XMLHttpRequest is made.  I know that I can get the exact Request URL from the Developers Console -&gt; Network tab -&gt; XHR tab's general information section. Currently, I'm using Eclipse with TestNG and JAVA as my programming language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://example.crowdynews.com/crowdynews/usa/politics/ &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above is the site I'm testing, and what I need to verify (with AssertTrue) is the Request URL for the &quot;Republican&quot; option in the drop down menu located at the top left of the screen.  I'm not sure how to retrieve that specific URL.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've spent an hour online trying to find a solution for you, but to no avail.  I noticed that JMeter did get mentioned a bit in some of the links I read.  If anyone knows how to do this or could point me to the documentation I could read that would help, I'd be very appreciative. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15658" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T19:46:24.907" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T20:05:34.187" Title="How do I verify a Link URL using Selenium Webdriver / TestNG?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16093" CreationDate="2015-12-13T07:41:25.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see multiple solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parse HTML page you test, e.g., with some XML+XPath+JSoup libraries, and check whether element you selected has a right link. This will not work with XHR/AJAX requests, that are sent with JavaScript.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the element you want, e.g., with Selenium Web Driver, and capture the HTTP traffic with HTTP proxy, e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://bmp.lightbody.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserMob Proxy&lt;/a&gt;. This would work with XHR/AJAX requests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Variation of the above, but you're not checking links in XHR requests, you just check the right information has appeared on the page, e.g., related to Republicans. All this can be done with Selenium Web Driver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, you may test correctness of JavaScript only, e.g., that executing certain JavaScript function a correct &lt;code&gt;XmlHttpRequest&lt;/code&gt; is generated before sending it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will elaborate on 2nd solution as seems to match your actual needs. Here's a &lt;em&gt;sketch&lt;/em&gt; of the solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ProxyServer proxy = new ProxyServer();&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy);&#xA;driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;proxy.newHar(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://example.crowdynews.com/crowdynews/usa/politics/&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Republicans&quot;)).click();&#xA;Har har = proxy.getHar();&#xA;final String expectedUrl = &quot;http://statistics.crowdynews.com/bb?d=crowdynews&amp;amp;s=us-politics-demo&amp;amp;a=topic_rep‌​ublicans&amp;amp;t=1449977726129&quot;;&#xA;assertThat(har.getLog().getEntries().get(2).getRequest().getUrl(), is(equalTo(expectedUrl)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need more I suggest you browsing through for BrowserMob Proxy tests in &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy/blob/master/browsermob-core/src/test/java/net/lightbody/bmp/proxy/BrowserTest.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GitHub repository&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T20:05:34.187" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T20:05:34.187" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16092" CreationDate="2015-12-13T08:42:17.530" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question would require an entire book as answer and probably it would not be enough exhaustive. Anyhow, first of all you should know what methodology has been adopted by your dev team or at least what you mean for priority and severity then you should also define the severity and priority levels. What is high? What is low? What is critical?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in order to give you some inputs for you to start your evaluation I can say that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity (if it is as I expect an objective evaluation of how the unexpected behaviour is critical): If clicking the reset button you corrupt the system you should set level critical while if the only consequence is that you have to clean up textboxes, combos, etc. you should set it as low (it doesn't matter if you have to reset tens of fields it is only annoying but it is not a dangerous action)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority (if it is as I expect a point of view like the customer's one): Is it blocking you by performing further tests of the system? So the priority is high otherwise it is low. The difference with the severity is that when the number of tracked bugs will start decreasing you can change the priority of bugs according to the list of remaining malfunctions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-13T13:40:30.400" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T13:40:30.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16096" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-13T09:16:29.167" Score="0" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created some testcases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the test cases, test the functionalities are working fine and also test as the retrieved data are expected data that was displayed after you have clicked on the respective function.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using those functionalities we go through the presentation, business and data layers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the test case completion, I was not sure, that i have used GUI tool, selenium tool or unit testing. I Don't have a clear picture between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My primary question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should I go for a tool like selenium, unit testing or both and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Info:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;These testcases are for critical functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9176" LastEditorUserId="17409" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T02:54:01.807" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T02:54:01.807" Title="GUI testing Tool or Unit Testing Tool" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16096" CreationDate="2015-12-13T13:33:38.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably you're talking about some kind of smoke testing. Usually it's done as a system/integration testing. Unit testing is a responsibility of every developer not a QA engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;So if you're from testing team, the answer is using GUI tests for the whole software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you develop some critical components, writing good unit tests are highly desired for your component. Unit testing relates to calling small atomic pieces of the component (unit) under test: functions and methods of classes. So you need to know how every function works. And you definitely need to talk about system level test automation to your colleagues from QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're a project manager or a team lead or all-in-one guy who get all job done, of course both directions are important. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11848" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T13:33:38.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11565" CreationDate="2015-12-13T16:52:51.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution to your problem could be adopting something like &quot;Octopus deploy&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://octopus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://octopus.com/&lt;/a&gt;), it is quite simple systems that you can automatically launch when a successful build completes. Octopus will deploy the latest build in two or more environments configuring every build based on your needs (for example editing properly the web.config). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T16:52:51.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14530" CreationDate="2015-12-13T17:10:02.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is your desktop application a smart client connected to a server or a standalone application?&#xA;If it a standalone application you could you the performance monitor available on Windows systems (see also Alexander's answer in this thread), it is not open source but it is a powerful tool for a deep monitoring of how you application is behaving.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For using the performance monitor you have to decide what KPIs are important for you then you have to choose the right counters (there are hundreds available on Windows) and start your analysis. The performance monitor tool allows you to record the counters and the visualize them in a chart for evaluating long run monitoring sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T17:10:02.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16100" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16101" CreationDate="2015-12-13T18:11:05.773" Score="1" ViewCount="1026" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use to execute tens of manual tests plans sessions for identifying the build to be marked as release candidate and we mainly use Microsoft Test Manager and Excel. Both of them are fine but have some limitations so now I am looking for new tools for executing and tracking the results of manual test plans.&#xA;Main features of the tool (no one is mandatory):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integrated with Visual Studio for quick bug tracking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integrated with a source control like TFS or a repository as SharePoint for having an audit history&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;powerful user interface for creating, managing and running test plans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reporting features for sharing test results and trends&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open source or freeware would a plus but not necessary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;any other business&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions will be really appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T11:22:44.810" Title="Alternative to MTM and excel for tracking manual test plans" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16100" CreationDate="2015-12-13T20:29:52.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My favorite test management  tool is Test Rail. This is a web based test management solution. I've found it to be easy to create and modify multiple test plans and tests. It also integrates with TFS and Visual Studio ( I don't have first hand experience with that however. We are a Atlassian/GIT shop). It is easy to generate test reports and custom test runs for your test passes with this tool which is another plus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another good feature is the API that they have. This can be a great resource when you make tests automated as you can have them update the test pass online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have a free trial so I would definitely check it out. It is a very versatile tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Test Rail Website&quot;&gt;Test Rail Website&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15651" LastEditorUserId="15651" LastEditDate="2015-12-13T20:37:01.883" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T20:37:01.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12444" CreationDate="2015-12-13T23:47:13.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most shops I know keep the tests in the same codebase as the programs and so under the same source code control mechanisms.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The tests are run when code is pushed (both master and branches for developers).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Please be more specific about what you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-12-13T23:47:13.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14680" CreationDate="2015-12-14T03:25:01.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like your &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; instance is created in one class(&lt;code&gt;lib&lt;/code&gt;, (should start with Capital letter BTW)) but  you are trying to access it in another class(&lt;code&gt;KnowledgeBase&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use a class instance in another class, you have options. Some of them are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add a getter method&lt;/strong&gt;. Add a &lt;code&gt;public getDriverInstance()&lt;/code&gt; method  in the class where the instance is created that will just return the &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; instance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keep everything in the same class&lt;/strong&gt;. Keep the driver initialization method as well as the tests themselves in the same class. That's obviously a messy solution but it will work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use a Dependency Injection framework&lt;/strong&gt;. You can use a DI framework like Spring, PicoContainer, etc.., which is probably the cleanest solution but has some learning curve to it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T03:25:01.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13721" CreationDate="2015-12-14T04:07:19.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use java script: &lt;code&gt;document.readyState === &quot;complete&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to determine whether a page has loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to that, note that in many cases, using the Selenium &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt; class for clicking on items is preferred over a direct &lt;code&gt;driver.click()&lt;/code&gt; as it better simulates a real click. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T04:07:19.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16106" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-14T06:28:13.340" Score="2" ViewCount="5542" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a number of test cases in C# for UI which uses Selenium Webdriver (I am new to Selenium).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to run a particular test case out of N number of test cases through command prompt and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NUnit&lt;/a&gt; by creating a .bat file which can be run using task scheduler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pointers would be very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15664" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T08:50:41.627" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T08:50:41.627" Title="Execute a particular test using command prompt and Selenium, NUnit, Test cases written in C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16106" CreationDate="2015-12-14T07:23:42.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of creating a .bat file to schedule the tests you should think about setting up a continious integration. With this you can automatically run all your tests for example when a developer commited a change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea of tests is to proove the functionality of the product when it changes not to be run at fixed times. When there were no changes you run the same tests multiple times against the same product. When there were multiple changes since your last execution it's more difficult to see which of the changes broke the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T07:23:42.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16106" CreationDate="2015-12-14T08:17:34.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can run a single test from the command line using the &lt;code&gt;nunit-console&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;Open command-prompt and change directory to the NUnit &lt;code&gt;bin&lt;/code&gt; installation folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To run a single test use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;nunit-console /run:TestsToRun &amp;lt;path_to_dll&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.&#xA;If your test has the following structure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace TestsNamespace&#xA;{&#xA;    public class TestsClass&#xA;    {&#xA;        //your tests go here&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you'll need to use in the command line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;nunit-console /run:TestsNamespace.TestsClass &amp;lt;path_to_dll&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read more about the &lt;code&gt;nunit&lt;/code&gt; command line options &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=consoleCommandLine&amp;amp;r=2.6.4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T08:17:34.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16096" CreationDate="2015-12-14T09:46:54.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Info: These testcases are critical functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Judging by the above statement, I'd say you need to have both unit tests and UI automated tests (or integration as well depending on the architecture layer and systems integrated).&#xA;&lt;br&gt;However, there are pros and cons on using both (that mostly depends on the organization, engineer in charge of creating one type or all of them).&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For unit tests I'd go for pros with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;extremely fast to run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easy to create (taking for granted that the code is of high quality standards and unit testing &quot;friendly&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;better understanding of the code (by unit testing your code you may reveal cases you did not anticipate and will help you define the a better behavior of the code)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can catch high severity or show stopper bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for cons, I'd go with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;increased overhead of amount of code to write. Having in mind that every class and method in your code will need to be tested, this can impact your ability as a developer to ship new features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one of the most important aspects, you cannot tests your UI (while you can unit test your JS for instance, it still doesn't assure you that you're on the safe side, especially for critical systems)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As for the UI tests, for Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;very good for validating user journeys and flows on the UI level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they can cover end-to-end flows that communicate with 3rd party systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;like unit tests, can catch high severity or show stopper bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;may be able to check UI functionality where it is not always possible to test otherwise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI tests can be very brittle (will fail due to UI changes even though&#xA;functionality hasn't changed. E.g. identifiers like ID have been&#xA;changed on your page)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the execution will be considerably slow compared to unit tests as you have to wait for the system to launch and for connections with 3rd party system that can take a long time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you will need to depend on a 3rd party tool (open source or paid)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, I'd go with unit tests for the critical core functionality and UI tests that will also cover that critical functionality from the UI side (or end-user point of view).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T09:46:54.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14680" CreationDate="2015-12-14T09:49:27.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few problems here. The construction of your classes is confusing and will give you issues if not corrected.&#xA;First, &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt; is run once before the entire suite of tests (This is a common error).  You would instead want either &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;@BeforeMethod&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;@BeforeMethod&lt;/code&gt; would be a better choice as it would ensure a fresh browser before each test method. You'll need a matching &lt;code&gt;@AfterMethod&lt;/code&gt; as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, you are extending all of your Classes from the same Lib class. This is a very unwieldy design pattern. Instead create a class with all of your test setup and tear down. Extend the classes with the actual tests from this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From here you can pass the driver to the Page objects and Knowledgebase object using a &lt;code&gt;getdriver()&lt;/code&gt; method as suggested by Eugene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ChromeTest {&#xA;    private ChromeDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;    public void beforeMethod(){&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        //additional setup&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;     @AfterMethod&#xA;     public void afterMethod(){&#xA;         driver.quit();&#xA;         //additional tear down &#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;     public ChromeDriver getDriver (){&#xA;         return driver;&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Classes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class UiTest extends ChromeTest {&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test1(){&#xA;        KnowledgeBase kb = new KnowledgeBase(getDriver());&#xA;        //Rest of your test code&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refactor your page and KnowledgeBase classes to use the passed in driver instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class KnowledgeBase{&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    public KnowledgeBase( WebDriver webDriver ) {&#xA;        driver = webDriver;&#xA;    }&#xA;    //rest of your methods&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By refactoring your classes and methods as noted above it will vastly simplify your code which will make the logical errors easier to find if not fix it outright. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15651" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T01:06:57.513" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T01:06:57.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15551" CreationDate="2015-12-14T12:13:02.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Driven Development &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD is the technical team that all cases of unit tests will be written &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD is installed for testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD encourages technicians to design as little as necessary &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD help the programmer clearly see what to build and when to stop stop built.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD focuses aspect of the implementation of the system &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD methodology is Inside-Out, TDD is more like a development tool for building testable, modular architecture. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tdd = Refactoring + TFD Behavior Driven Development &#xA;then BDD is to take care of the functional aspects thereof. the average can be understood by non-developers too &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD applies the narrative format (Since when, then format) &#xA;BDD encourages everyone to build as little as necessary. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The act of writing examples BDD style gives everyone on the project a clear understanding of what it means to a function and when to stop its construction. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD focuses on the aspect of system behavior is a BDD methodology outside inward. It starts out by identifying the business results, and drill down into the feature set that will achieve those based outcomes.each is captured as a &quot;story.&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD = TDD + incremental analysis of needs &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15597" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T12:19:21.503" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T12:19:21.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3956" CreationDate="2015-12-14T14:47:53.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main advantage is that a Webdriver and RC suites are they allow you to use a programming language in creating your test scripts (not possible in Selenium IDE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following programming languages are supported by WebDriver (but others have some 3rd party support)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;.Net&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PHP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Python&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perl&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ruby&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where they differ;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver is faster than Selenium RC since it speaks directly to the browser uses the browser's own engine to control it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium RC tends to be slower Than Webdriver since it uses a Javascript program called Selenium Core. This Selenium Core is the one that directly controls the browser, not you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver can also support HtmlUnit.  A headless browser which is very useful in certain circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T14:47:53.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16114" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16139" CreationDate="2015-12-14T15:06:25.777" Score="3" ViewCount="1731" Body="&lt;p&gt;So if you were to look at wikipedias list of the different types of test cases you'll see a huge list. In an ideal world QA would have an infinite number of hours to create test plans for all the different types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course we don't live in an ideal world, so a lot of times we have to compromise and create what is viable and important given the time allotted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, what &quot;types&quot; of test cases generally have the largest impact? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me it seems like Acceptance Testing is of course a huge one for anything a customer is going to be getting. Unit testing is important, but generally done by developers. Plus any type of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agiledevelopment.org/agile-talk/defining-acceptance-criteria-using-the-steel-thread-concept&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;steel thread&quot; testing&lt;/a&gt;, but sometimes people clump those up with Acceptance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what else is left. I suppose this question could be seen as an &quot;opinion&quot; based question. But I think it has an actual answer. Im just trying to gauge if you were to prepare a minimum viable set of test plans, which types generally make the most impact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-14T15:19:57.107" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T06:49:00.103" Title="Agile: Most important &quot;types&quot; of test cases?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16114" CreationDate="2015-12-14T16:17:48.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Acceptance tests and Unit tests are critical to testing on Agile teams, but you can't forget to continue to consistently test non-functional requirements (Usability, Performance, etc.) and whatever additional testing needs to be done to ensure there is enough coverage at all levels (subjective per team) to confidently send the completed code to the business partners for Validation/Acceptance Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2015-12-14T16:17:48.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16116" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16118" CreationDate="2015-12-15T05:21:23.227" Score="5" ViewCount="677" Body="&lt;p&gt;I explored following tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium web-driver, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by myself (current company supports me to learn) with help of StackOverflow (you guys) and with my effort. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my question is: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;is it good to tell interviewer that I learned all those things by myself or by getting certified from some institute which has more value towards getting a job?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:14:24.127" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:14:24.127" Title="Learning myself or getting certified?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16116" CreationDate="2015-12-15T05:24:25.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have done certification then it is fine to tell that you did otherwise be honest with interviewer and tell that What ever you know about selenium web driver is from your own efforts and self learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honesty has more impact than any other thing so be honest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have impression in mind that certification will impact more in interview then it is not always true. It is depends on interviewer , Some believe in certification where some believe in skills only. Candidate have certificate it does not mean that he is expert in that particular skill. They may be expert and May not be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T05:36:42.877" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T05:36:42.877" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16116" CreationDate="2015-12-15T05:59:49.583" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I consider that &lt;strong&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/strong&gt; has more value in Job Market as compared to Appium. Simply because requirements for web-automation are higher as compared to mobile-automation. This results in more jobs for WebDriver skills as compared to Appium. So you should have strong webdriver scripting, framework designing skills. Appium will be good as a side-kick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding certification/self-learning comparison, I believe &lt;strong&gt;hands-on experience of automating a large/complex application&lt;/strong&gt; is more valuable as compared to certification. If I am in your place (specifically for indo-pak job market), I will not spend money on certification. Instead, I will try to do hands-on automation of large application assuming it as a real project. If you do that and just share your experiences with interviewer, then it will create a better impression IMO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes, it is fine to tell that you learned all these things by your-self or from online resources.&lt;/strong&gt; Self-learning is a great attribute for any automation engineer and I believe it is valued more than certification. But as suggested previously, you should not just learn the basics but also the advance concepts like framework designing, continuous integration etc. If you do that then it will definitely value more than any certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastEditorUserId="15499" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T06:27:16.867" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T06:27:16.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3956" CreationDate="2015-12-15T06:23:41.437" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Webdriver is faster, as compared to RC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Webdriver mimics much more closer to real-life interaction; as compared to RC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver supports more languages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver is more actively followed/supported now; RC is past&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;details: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/introduction-webdriver-comparison-selenium-rc.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/introduction-webdriver-comparison-selenium-rc.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T06:23:41.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16116" CreationDate="2015-12-15T06:40:32.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Showing the ability to go out and learn something on your own is a big plus. However, don't stop there. It is even better to show how you implemented the technology at your current job (either by request or on your own) and how you managed to solve a problem with it. Making a note that you have a passion (hopefully) for the technology and its application is also a plus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium has been around longer so there are more jobs (numbers wise) for people that have skills in that area. However, there is a good demand for people with skills in implementing Appium mainly because there are few people that know it and know how to use it well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also like to note that it is VERY important that you also learn the tools and programming skills that go hand in hand with Appium and Selenium. You should be well versed in Unit Test Frameworks (as they apply to automation) and the design patterns that are commonly used (factory, page object). These will be greatly valued as there are many people who can use Selenium (and to a lesser extent Appium) but few who can implement it in a way that is useable in the context of the CI, multi-environment, distributed systems, that more and more companies are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But to get back to your question...I would also suggest that you create an automation project and post it on Github to showcase to interviewers/QA Leads/SDETs/Developers that you do know what you are doing. Just make sure that the code is perfect and you have it peer reviewed/proofread!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15651" LastEditorUserId="15651" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T05:38:12.910" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T05:38:12.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16114" CreationDate="2015-12-15T07:02:33.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is an &quot;opinion&quot; based question but I think that there is not a standard answer because in the Agile world the time is divided into sprints and each sprint contains one or more user stories. The point is that the US of a sprint sometimes are more focused on the back end of the product and sometimes are focused on the front end so the effort of testers changes from time to time and should properly be tuned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal idea is that you should avoid creating automated UI testing at the very beginning because when you present the UI to stakeholders often you receive requests of changes (even if minor requests) and the consequence is that you have to re-do part of the work (move the buttons from here to there, I don't want a combo I prefer a flat list, etc.). So I'd mainly focus on APIs automation (it depends on your software and tools you use) because of the minor risk of changes and manual test plans oriented to satisfy the Acceptance Criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T09:43:48.983" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T09:43:48.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16122" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T07:54:46.023" Score="2" ViewCount="1883" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a flight reservation system, the number of available seats in each plane&#xA;model is an input. A plane may have any positive number of available seats, up to the&#xA;given capacity of the plane. Using Boundary Value analysis, a list of available – seat&#xA;values were generated. Which of the following lists is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. 1, 2, capacity -1, capacity, capacity plus 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. 0, 1, capacity, capacity plus 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C. 0, 1, 2, capacity plus 1, a very large number&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D. 0, 1, 10, 100, capacity, capacity plus one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please answer with an explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15680" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-06T11:17:19.817" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T11:17:19.817" Title="How does Boundary Value Analysis work?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;boundary-value-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16122" CreationDate="2015-12-15T08:08:14.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Option (B) will be correct answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(B) 0, 1, capacity, capacity plus 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why? Let first understand BVA..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Boundary value analysis (BVA) is defined in Wikipedia as a software testing technique in which tests are designed to include representatives of boundary values in a range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, Seat numbers can range from 1 to capacity. So these will be 2 valid values lying on boundary of range. For invalid values, we will simply take value before to minimum valid value and value next to maximum valid value. As shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;       ... -2 -1  0 1 .........capacity  capacity+1 .....&#xA; ------------------|-------------------|-------------------&#xA;invalid partition 1   valid partition   invalid partition 2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the boundary values will be 0,1, capacity and capacity+1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;valid boundary values = 1, capacity&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;invalid boundary values = 0, capacity+1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check this link for more examples and to get better understanding:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/what-is-boundary-value-analysis-and-equivalence-partitioning/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/what-is-boundary-value-analysis-and-equivalence-partitioning/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastEditorUserId="15499" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T09:56:49.033" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T09:56:49.033" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15954" CreationDate="2015-12-15T08:12:21.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest possible solution is to send the time data explicitly in the audio/video channel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go for the video streaming, that's easy peasy. Just put a clock in front of a camera and there you go. On the receiving end put another clock in front of a camera and Skype composes them both into a picture-in-picture, easy for comparison, though not so easily automatable. But surely easy to read 'manually'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you only use audio, that's more complex. You need to use a trick to send time reference. But it can be done quite easily too. For example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start Skype streaming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make a computer beep at a certain moment precisely &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read out loud the time of the beep or have the machine do this for you&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat this for complex reference or stats as many times as needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the receiving end you need a tool to pinpoint the reception time either manually or by a beep detector, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may be a bit rough, but I hope it has put you on the right track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15673" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T09:04:06.043" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T09:04:06.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16122" CreationDate="2015-12-15T08:25:25.970" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;B. 0, 1, capacity, capacity plus 1 is the correct answer.&#xA;In BVA we consider valid as well as invalid values. The minimum number of seats that a person can book is 1 hence we will try to book something which is less than the minimum number and more than the maximum number.&#xA;0 is less than minimum number -Invalid partition&#xA;1 is a valid value so it is a valid partition&#xA;capacity +1 is more than the max capacity hence again its an invalid partition.&#xA;We have covered all the scenarios of BVA by giving all the valid and invalid inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15681" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T08:25:25.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16126" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T08:31:38.867" Score="0" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the usual responsibilities for a mid-level employee with 2 to 3 yrs of experience and familiar with a load runner tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15682" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T12:23:53.653" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T12:23:53.653" Title="What does a performance engineer test on a day-to-day basis?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-15T13:08:26.953" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16127" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16131" CreationDate="2015-12-15T08:48:49.370" Score="2" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a &lt;code&gt;Bugzilla&lt;/code&gt; server and I found a security issue. If I make logout on web interface I still can read bugs by direct link. Enumerating bug ID in the URL I can read &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; bugs already exists.&#xA;I was unable to found how to restrict access &lt;code&gt;Bugzilla&lt;/code&gt; for unauthorized (not logged in) users?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13058" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T10:01:17.617" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T10:01:17.617" Title="How to restrict bugzilla non-authorized access?" Tags="&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2015-12-15T15:46:22.353" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15954" CreationDate="2015-12-15T08:50:16.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tomasz had a great start, let me add some details and pieces of advice-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't use Skype as a recording device, it has an inherited semi-random delay of itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A clock is not good enough as an accurate synchronization device since your stream will probably have low(ish) variable frame rate limiting you accuracy.&#xA;A good approach will be to embed timing into the stream itself, for example by increasing a counter on each frame, and displaying it using a bar code (2d or 3d)- this way you will be able to automatically extract data from the stream.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Audio you can add spikes in the audio stream, or simply create an audio file with spikes. Make sure to space them enough so they are further away then the maximum delay you expect + some. You then can use a scope or audio editing software to compare and figure out the delay.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T08:50:16.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16129" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T09:07:25.190" Score="2" ViewCount="1009" Body="&lt;p&gt;We want to maintain test case versioning only using GIT (or other DVCS tools).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What aspects of git could we take advantage of that would let us do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15683" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T04:09:50.437" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T22:26:59.060" Title="Maintain test case versioning ONLY with help of git (or any other version control tools)" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;version-control&gt;&lt;git&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-16T04:11:48.737" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16126" CreationDate="2015-12-15T09:09:26.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your daily routine will be completely dependent on your company and the responsibilities you have in your role.  In simple terms below are some of the potential things in the day to day of a (performance) tester&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attend agile ceremonies (standup, look ahead, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evaluate previous performance reports &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Raise any issues and prioritize accordingly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evaluate areas new test coverage could be implemented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement new test coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document the changes you have made&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T09:09:26.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16127" CreationDate="2015-12-15T09:14:52.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to stop external access then one way is to set Apache Password Protected Directories with .htaccess File&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will mean any user accessing below a certain DIR level will require a password for access.  Please note, this access is independent from the access granted by Bugzilla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple instruction guide is available &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-setup-apache-password-protect-directory-with-htaccess-file/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T09:14:52.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16129" CreationDate="2015-12-15T09:23:54.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many Test Case Management Systems offer some form of version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestRail&lt;/a&gt; is one such tool and &lt;a href=&quot;https://discuss.gurock.com/t/test-case-versioning/666&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;offers the functionality&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TestRail automatically saves the history of your test cases and you&#xA;  can see the different changes of a test case via the History tab in&#xA;  the sidebar of the test case pages. TestRail doesn't currently allow&#xA;  you to execute tests against old test case versions though. If you&#xA;  would like to execute tests against different branches, we recommend&#xA;  duplicating the relevant test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a tool like GIT will keep versions of the file the tests are in, but not of the individual tests themselves.  This is fine if you want to keep it as an archive but maybe less useful if you want it as a peer-reviewed/organic document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T22:26:59.060" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T22:26:59.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16129" CreationDate="2015-12-15T09:42:04.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excel and Word documents are not optimal to store versioned in &lt;a href=&quot;https://git-scm.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;git&lt;/a&gt;. Best is to find a format for writing test-cases in plain text files. This will help the versioning with a code version control system like git. So that you can see a clear history and helpful diffs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have a look at using &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gherkin&lt;/a&gt; to write and describe the test cases. Then in the future you can even try to automate them with &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example Gherkin acceptance test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Refund item&#xA;&#xA;  Scenario: Jeff returns a faulty microwave&#xA;    Given Jeff has bought a microwave for $100&#xA;    And he has a receipt&#xA;    When he returns the microwave&#xA;    Then Jeff should be refunded $100&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/hwcuc/the-cucumber-book&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Cucumber book&lt;/a&gt; suggests you structure the features as a manual with the use of Chapters. This way it could also function as documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T09:50:56.583" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T09:50:56.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16083" CreationDate="2015-12-15T10:07:16.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using a similar logic to what you already have I would simple loop through based on your xdoc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System.Xml.Linq;&#xA;XDocument xdoc = XDocument.Load(&quot;uielements.XML&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;string name = &quot;'ele_child123'&quot;;&#xA;string find = &quot;//element[@name=&quot; + name + &quot;]&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        foreach (var childElem in xdoc.XPathSelectElements(find))&#xA;        {&#xA;            string childName = childElem.Element(&quot;value&quot;).Value;&#xA;            Console.WriteLine(childName);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T11:28:28.490" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T11:28:28.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16116" CreationDate="2015-12-15T10:23:48.017" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I am interviewing candidates, one of the main things I look for is their enthusiasm and capacity to learn.  I am a firm believer in the versatility of testers being a cornerstone to their effectiveness.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that in mind, if I am looking for someone to write Selenium tests in Java and they have 5 years experience, but they don't have a piece of paper that Says they can then I don't really mind.  I would much rather someone who (under their own initiative) learnt new skills and tools.  The fact their company wasn't able to sponsor them to do a certification doesn't mean they can't perform the role effectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The kind of person I will never look to hire is someone who has all the paper qualifications but can't demonstrate to me their capacity to &quot;think outside the box&quot;.  If they get stuck (as is normal) and sit there waiting for someone rather than attempting to problem solve themselves, that is a big warning sign.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T08:18:48.553" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T08:18:48.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16129" CreationDate="2015-12-15T11:12:20.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With git you could use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;branches for different versions.  You have to manually keep them in sync&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;forks for different versions.  When used for versioning it makes maintenance unweildy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tags to mark release points.  Lets you have a version history that doesn't change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;submodules.  You could put a different version in modules but I really would advise not to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T11:12:20.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15692" CreationDate="2015-12-15T11:56:52.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1.Pilot testing involves having a group of end users try the system prior to its full deployment in order to give feedback on its performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Beta testing is testing of the product in the user environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Its is evident that beta testing comes at last in development cycle; whereas pilot testing takes place before deployment of the system. Also, beta testing takes place in the real-time user environment and pilot testing in the development environment. A selected group of users does pilot testing whereas beta testing is carried by all users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15597" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T13:11:01.200" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T13:11:01.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16114" CreationDate="2015-12-15T12:37:34.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does depend quite a lot on the user story, but there are some general guidelines, with more or less the following order of priority:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Essential Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - By definition, the user story can't be accepted if it doesn't pass acceptance testing. The exact form the acceptance tests take will depend on the user story: for back end focused user stories, acceptance tests could well be performed by the tester or by another developer, where front-focused user stories are more likely to see acceptance tests performed by the product owner or customer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developer and Unit Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - Whether automated or not, these tests will happen before the user story is made available to the test specialists. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steel thread Functional Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - Functional testing of steel thread for the user story will happen. It may or may not be automated depending on the nature of the user story, the maturity of the team, and the time available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other Functional Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - If there is time available (and realistically, even with an agile methodology there is likely to be pressure to complete features within a time frame the team does not find comfortable - I've yet to work in a situation where there is no time pressure), functional testing outside the steel thread will happen. This covers a lot of ground, particularly since even at the user story level if there isn't a really &lt;em&gt;good&lt;/em&gt; software architect on the team there's likely to be important functionality missed in user stories (especially when user stories are customer-driven and the application serves multiple customers).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - In my experience regression may or may not happen during a sprint, but it will definitely happen prior to release. If tester automation is being written, it will usually fall into the regression test bucket. My experience with automated regression is that &lt;em&gt;if time is not allocated to develop, maintain and analyze automated regression, it will not be done&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Security/Penetration Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - I'll perform functional tests with an eye towards security and penetration issues, but this is a very specialized field, and many testers (including me) lack the skills to properly test an application for security issues. As a result, security and penetration testing is often an afterthought.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performance Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - The issues that apply to security testing also apply to performance testing. Teams with good architectural designers will build for good performance and scalability, but the expertise needed to perform good load and performance tests means that these are often afterthoughts and may not happen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - Theoretically, usability should be designed in from the start, but without a usability specialists, that doesn't always happen. I've often seen usability issues reported by customers after release.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Compliance Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - Whether ensuring the software meets the appropriate regulatory standards is a must-test, a should-test, or a will-test-if-there's-time depends on the software: in some industries, such as health care in the USA, it's a must-test. Casual games, not so much because that segment isn't nearly as heavily regulated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list could go on forever at this point, but you get the idea. My experience is that some teams will make some of the test types I've classed as &quot;other&quot; essential. I've never encountered any industry that treats all of them as essential.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T12:37:34.603" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16140" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T13:09:44.527" Score="3" ViewCount="392" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a tester I want to generate more out of the box ideas, so that I can test all positive as well as negative test scenarios and find most critical defects before the product is released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any thinking/ideation tools, methods/techniques that might help me think better and generate ideas fast?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15688" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T04:09:59.763" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T04:09:59.763" Title="What are some good thinking tools that a tester can use to generate ideas?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-17T12:50:20.507" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16140" CreationDate="2015-12-15T13:23:30.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mindmaps&lt;/strong&gt;: I love to create a mindmap of what I am going to test, certainly if it is a larger or complex area. Read &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3162/are-mind-maps-useful-as-a-testing-tool&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; for how to use mindmaps as a testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more example mindmaps with testing as subject have a look at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/resources/mindmaps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/resources/mindmaps/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T13:23:30.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16140" CreationDate="2015-12-15T13:32:14.647" Score="5" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I shared this more than once &lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/posters/TheTestEye_SourcesForTestIdeas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;37 Sources for Test Ideas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Become a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skepticism&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Skeptic&lt;/a&gt;, it will change your view of the product but also of life&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T13:32:14.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15952" CreationDate="2015-12-15T13:49:13.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; is a precondition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; is a user action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; is testable outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when we keep this in mind you should choose your second option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; I have an account for the site (precondition).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; I login to the site with a valid username and password (user&#xA;action).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; I should see X content (testable outcome).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15686" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T13:57:25.163" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T13:57:25.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16144" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T14:00:32.233" Score="1" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;If software verification focuses on the quality of the completed products, should it also check that we have actually built the right product? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should it also help in monitoring tool wastage and obsolescence?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15680" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-18T04:28:16.407" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T04:28:16.407" Title="What should software verification focus on?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-15T20:53:24.070" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16114" CreationDate="2015-12-15T14:22:40.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to propose that you consider what is needed to support an opinion that the quality of what is being delivered is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/articles.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;James Bachs Good Enough Articles&quot;&gt;&quot;Good Enough&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In as much as we try to develop systems in general with the end user in mind, asking this question helps you to design the type of data you need to collect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found that the generic answers that we would typically get can't really be answered. Questions like &quot;How's the testing going?&quot;, &quot;How much testing is left to do?&quot;, &quot;Why does it take so long to test a website for God's sake???&quot; aren't entirely helpful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to help the person posing the question to better understand what it is they want. How much testing is left to do can become, &quot;Have we covered all of the features in the software?&quot;, &quot;How many tests are left to run?&quot;, &quot;How much regression testing do we need to do before we can ship?&quot;, &quot;Have all of the bugs that were fixed for the release been closed as a result of testing?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answering those type of questions means we cannot get away with saying things like &quot;Testing is going well&quot;, &quot;We're nearly finished&quot;, &quot;Well if they didn't deliver the code so late we'd be able to get home on time for my Son's birthday party and I wouldn't be here waiting to find out if the build will even work.....&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead we can say, &quot;Of the 10 stories, 4 have met their acceptance criteria, although we have to execute a performance test run on those stories, we expect it to take 2 working days to have the results. The 6 other stories have not met their acceptance criteria and we are currently reviewing that with the Product Owner. We have identified 20 additional tests across those 6 stories that should be executed based on our understanding of unspecified integration requirements that arose as the we tested the stories. All of this data is present in Jira, attached to each Story as a Testing sub-task.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AS I said at the start, it is more important to know how you want to tell the story and how the Product Owner wants to hear it. That will determine the data you need to capture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the very least your data needs are simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Story&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance Criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Executed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Type&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Status of Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs Found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that you start to add elements that allow you to extend your reporting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Product Feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risk&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log Data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;..... You get the picture :)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you can break down the various activities that are carried out while testing the product, you will see what are the most important type of testing you need to execute. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note: I have studiously avoided referring to test cases, scenarios, scripts etc. The reason is simple. Knowing what you need to collect, when you collect it and how you collate it will dictate the form of the testing documentation you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apologies if I meandered a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="553" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T14:22:40.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T14:38:31.973" Score="1" ViewCount="672" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have considered to use Selenium to test the critical functionality, that is written in a test case, and we are two developer only, no test team or QA user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using different computer hardware with different version of windows but we use the same browser and VS tool version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before the production phase we need to use the Selenium to test the critical function, should everything be done in a test or development phase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can only one person who can use Selenium suite at a time (due to settings etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9176" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T08:38:30.320" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T08:38:30.320" Title="Selenium in Test or Production Phase" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16147" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T14:59:28.053" Score="4" ViewCount="3710" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of our apps work against a set of files (files that have to be analyzed, backed up, converted etc.), so before running an automated test, the system running the application needs to be in a state where certain files are in the right place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would call this the &quot;test environment&quot;, but I'm not sure if that is the correct term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trialling some test automation tools, and neither of them have a features to easily copy files around before running a test, or suite of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could write a script to run just before the tests are run, but it seems like this should be dealt with by the automation tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the normal way of setting up a &quot;test environment&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15691" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T19:08:45.240" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T09:48:21.340" Title="How should I set up a test environment before automated tests are run?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16147" CreationDate="2015-12-15T15:28:51.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several tools available over the web but my favourite one is &lt;a href=&quot;https://octopus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Octopus Deploy&lt;/a&gt;, because after a relative simple configuration it can deploy your build, setting up automatically your testing environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The configuration can be done through a user friendly interface and, it's important at least for me, it's free for a limited number of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.octopusdeploy.com/display/OD/Installing+Tentacles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tentacles&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (an agent to be installed on every machine that you plan to deploy software to).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really appreciate also the fact that the always annoying setup related to configuration files can be totally automated.&#xA;Please note that it is not a testing framework (it does not allow to run tests), it allows &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; to perform an automated deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastEditorUserId="12085" LastEditDate="2016-01-18T09:48:21.340" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T09:48:21.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16146" CreationDate="2015-12-15T15:28:56.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are familiar with selenium you can develop record/playback as quick test options for dev team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It would be great if you can share your tests with dev for them to independently execute / reuse tests you developed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From QA perspective you can develop data driven / reusable / framework level code. This will ensure you contribute for your framework in long run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Earlier the bug detected lower the cost of fixing it. Since its a single member team you can offload / engage dev at earlier phase to identify / test at early stages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once your dev team is able to use raw selenium (recorded - tests) you can focus on QA tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T15:28:56.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16147" CreationDate="2015-12-15T15:38:03.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm struggling with the same problem at the moment, but the solution is somewhat dependent on your specific context.&#xA;For &quot;slow running&quot; tests you can use puppet/chef and friends, they are classic tools to handle environment configuration but they are not meant to be used in test runners.&#xA;Other solutions I have heard of, especially for python environments, are using a preconfigured virtualenv, installing from a local pypi server using 'pip install requirements.txt'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T15:38:03.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16147" CreationDate="2015-12-15T15:42:52.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tools can do what their designers anticipated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your own custom scripts can do what you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I prefer a tool which can simply call my own scripts, like Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T15:42:52.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16147" CreationDate="2015-12-15T15:44:24.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer to use separate tools for deployment/configuration and running tests, because a tool that focuses on one thing will do better than a tool that tries to do everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are innumerable tools for automating deployments, where a deployment includes installing binaries and configuration files.  Some popular ones include &lt;a href=&quot;https://puppetlabs.com/puppet/what-is-puppet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Puppet&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ansible.com/how-ansible-works&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ansible&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some problems, it can help to run the test within a prepackaged, isolated environment, either with virtual machines (e.g. using VMWare or VirtualBox) or containers (e.g. using Docker).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T15:44:24.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16147" CreationDate="2015-12-15T15:44:27.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe setting up a VM of your environment is a solution you can look into.  So as part of running your tests, you spin up a VM (which has everything where it should be) then run your suite of tests within it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T15:44:27.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16154" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-15T16:29:41.553" Score="0" ViewCount="1618" Body="&lt;p&gt;I googled and found most of scripts were written in Jbehave with junit. But I'm trying to integrate Jbehave with testNG framework. And the following were I tried so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feature file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: Check the google search engine&#xA;Given : Open the google home page www.google.com&#xA;When : Enter test automation in search box&#xA;Then : Proper result should be displayed in results page&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test step class file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class GoogleSearchEngine_Steps {&#xA;&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Given(&quot;Open the google home page $url&quot;)&#xA;    public static void openUrl(String url) throws Exception {&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;            driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.get(url);&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Exception ex) {&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @When(&quot;Enter $searchKeyword in search box&quot;)&#xA;    public static void searchKeyword(String searchKeyword) throws Exception {&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='gs_htif0']&quot;)).sendKeys(searchKeyword);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='tsf']/input[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Exception ex) {&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Then(&quot;Proper result should be displayed in results page&quot;)&#xA;    public static void result() throws Exception {&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Exception ex) {&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I have stuck to create a test runner class file using TestNg. I'm not sure How to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can somebody help me to create a test runner class file which will execute the above code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15693" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T22:29:45.717" Title="How to integrate Jbehave and TestNG?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;jbehave&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16144" CreationDate="2015-12-15T19:42:30.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would answer i and iii for these reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i) verification is the act of saying 'does this actually do what we built?'. The intention of software development is to build software that works the way you intended. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;iii) verification during unit testing or continuous testing helps the developer correct mistakes they have made as part of a continuous loop, or ensure that they have made the correct choices otherwise. Verification is the core part of Test Driven Development practice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Validation is different, and is more similar to asking the question 'is what we built fit for the purpose of its use', or 'did we build the right thing' rather than verification which could be thought of as 'did we build it right'. Answer ii is an example of validation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastEditorUserId="4338" LastEditDate="2015-12-15T19:48:45.343" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T19:48:45.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16085" CreationDate="2015-12-15T19:59:27.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am only on my phone right now so can't try out any tests for this, but the problem here looks like the findsby attribute for the page object factory in Selenium is expecting to locate and return only a single instance of IWebElement rather than the collection you are trying to have it locate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if there is an additional attribute that tells Web Driver that the locator is for an IEnumerable of elements instead, but that's where I'd start looking. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T19:59:27.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15928" CreationDate="2015-12-15T20:12:58.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the element you are selecting the actual element which receives the text? Without being able to see the html you are working on, you may be sending the text to a container for the actual input element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4338" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T20:12:58.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16144" CreationDate="2015-12-15T20:25:33.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Noone of the proposed option is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T20:25:33.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10226" CreationDate="2015-12-15T23:57:12.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't gone looking for such services, but I doubt that they would work out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current static analysis tools can deliver very useful information, but they need to be tuned for best results. This tuning is an upfront cost that you have to pay (either by doing it or by paying the vendor to do it for you) once per code base, regardless of how often you run the tool. That comes in addition to the time it took to develop the tool, which of course is independent of how many times you run the tool. The only part of static analysis tools that costs more when you use it more is the processor time on a beefy machine — and if you want you can rent that bit out easily, but it's only a small part of the total cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The time it took to develop the tool itself is to a first approximation constant, and as a second approximation a function of the number of different customers (extra features, support). Once again how often you run the tool doesn't matter. The upshot is that economically speaking, there is no reason to charge you less because you use the tool less often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moving on from the economics to the technical side, I take strong objection to your statement that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We also do not necessarily need to run the tool daily or nightly - our release frequency isn't that fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; run static analysis tools nightly! Ideally, if they're fast enough, run them for each commit. Static analysis is not something you do just before the release: at that point, it's lost a lot of its value. If a bug can be found both by static analysis and by runtime testing, let static analysis tell you, because you'll fix it quicker that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Static analysis tells you where your code looks suspicious. These are the places that you need to focus more on, maybe get a second pair of eyes on, and test more thoroughly, perhaps with some additional asserts. The feedback from static analysis is more useful before you do any debugging, because static analysis gives you a lot more direct feedback. The output of a (good) static analysis tool is something like “if &lt;code&gt;x &amp;gt; y&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;p == NULL&lt;/code&gt; then there is an array access out of bounds at line 1234”. Being told that when the code is still fresh in your mind is a lot more helpful than waiting a week, then finding that one of the stress tests is crashing at line 2345, and spending three days with a debugger to find just where the heap had gotten corrupted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The proper order of things is static analysis first, then runtime testing, then manual review. Each steps benefit from having the previous step weed out the problems it could detect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="534" LastActivityDate="2015-12-15T23:57:12.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15952" CreationDate="2015-12-16T01:02:21.960" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you need a Given step? I'd argue that you don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;When I log in&#xA;Then I see X content&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's a valid test to me. The fact that the username and password are &quot;valid&quot; is inherent to the passing test. You don't need &quot;Given I have an account for the site&quot; because that's obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5657" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T01:02:21.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15952" CreationDate="2015-12-16T01:56:33.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it is described in &quot;The Cucumber For Java Book&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We use &lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; to set up the context where the scenario happens, &lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; to&#xA;  interact with the system somehow, and &lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; to check that the outcome&#xA;  of that interaction was what we expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's the basic explanation. But don't forget that Cucumber doesn't really care how you use these keywords. For example you might end up with a scenario that looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: Attempt withdrawal using stolen card&#xA;  Given I have $100 in my account&#xA;  Given my card is invalid&#xA;  When I request $50&#xA;  Then my card should not be returned&#xA;  Then I should be told to contact the bank&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And don't forget the &lt;em&gt;And&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;But&lt;/em&gt; keywords that you can use to add more steps to each &lt;em&gt;Given&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;When&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Then&lt;/em&gt; section. So you could rewrite the previous example like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: Attempt withdrawal using stolen card&#xA;  Given I have $100 in my account&#xA;  But my card is invalid&#xA;  When I request $50&#xA;  Then my card should not be returned&#xA;  And I should be told to contact the bank&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you still find &lt;em&gt;Given&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;When&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Then&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;And&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;But&lt;/em&gt; a little verbose. There is an additional keyword you can use to start a step: * (an asterisk). So you could have written the previous scenario like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario: Attempt withdrawal using stolen card&#xA;  * I have $100 in my account&#xA;  * my card is invalid&#xA;  * I request $50&#xA;  * my card should not be returned&#xA;  * I should be told to contact the bank&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To Cucumber, this is exactly the same scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T01:56:33.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16146" CreationDate="2015-12-16T07:00:00.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The critical test / smoke test should runs on development and all other environments, as all tests should be repeatable with automation, and efforts have been spent on writing the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume you use Selenium for Web application testing, when multiple users run the same suite on the same environment, same time, test depends on data could fail if other test is updating the data. So you should avoid running the same suite on the environment and time. Using continuous integration tools such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; can queue tests jobs to prevent that from happening. It is easy to configure with &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Selenium+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;selenium plugin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T07:00:00.843" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10226" CreationDate="2015-12-16T09:21:21.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are (at least) two levels of static analysis. There are the &lt;code&gt;lint&lt;/code&gt;-like analysers that can be run quickly and, as said in @Gilles' answer, can perhaps should be run on every build. (I read that &lt;code&gt;lint&lt;/code&gt; was separate from the early C compilers for performance reasons. The computers and compilers were slow and lint checks have added significant extra time to the compilation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other analysers that require a significant expenditure of time to run them and to analyse the outputs. I worked in a team that used &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MALPAS_Software_Static_Analysis_Toolset&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Malpas&lt;/a&gt; (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://malpas-global.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;) to formally analyse a large software system. The analysis took somewhere between 20 and 50 man-years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question desires:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;code analysis tools that use formal methods / abstract interpretation&#xA;  to evaluate all execution paths of code and guarantee that they will&#xA;  be free from run time exceptions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To achieve this, you should expect to spend a significant amount of time on the analysis. You have to ask yourself - is it really worth it? Will people die or be hurt if the system does not work properly? If not then ask your accountants to balance the cost of failures against the cost of ensuring that the system does not fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T09:21:21.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16166" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17034" CreationDate="2015-12-16T11:20:18.953" Score="4" ViewCount="1043" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just started to learn JMeter with recording scripting, but which I have not got a proper result of the Login with multiple users login because of the session id, Please suggest to me a proper way to record the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T12:45:56.133" Title="How can I record the script of Login page with multiple users( Different session id) in JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16167" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16176" CreationDate="2015-12-16T11:21:26.963" Score="1" ViewCount="5557" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using QTP 11.0 on my PC quite a long time and had no problem with Java-apps (Java 7 Update 21 x86) identification (OS Windows 7 Pro 64-bit). But when I tried to install QTP on the server through RDP (also running under OS Windows 7 Pro 64-bit) I came across a problem with identification of java objects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S4Nvt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S4Nvt.png&quot; alt=&quot;Java objects identified as OS Windows objects&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So Java objects are identified as OS Windows objects (expected: JavaWindow --&gt; JavaDialog).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone knows what to do please help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any good advice is also appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expected result:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u2Q8z.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u2Q8z.png&quot; alt=&quot;Java object could be expected in details&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RESEARCHES TILL NOW&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First attempt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have installed QTP 11 patch &lt;code&gt;QTP_00699&lt;/code&gt; for Java from &lt;a href=&quot;http://relevantcodes.com/qtp-11-0-patches/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;all QTP 11 Patches (downloadable from HP directly)&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;No result.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also did not expect any result cause I'm testing java 32-bit app (and on my PC it works fine without patch), but still there is a hope that it could change registry or system values in a proper way (maybe...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second attempt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reversing java environment variables path (_JAVA_OPTIONS &amp;amp; IBM_JAVA_OPTIONS) and starting java-app from console prompt set to java bin directory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre7\bin&amp;gt;javaws &quot;C:\_qtp\testapp.jnlp&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the post in HP UFT Community Home &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.hpe.com/t5/Unified-Functional-Testing/Object-Spy-sees-a-java-app-as-window-class-instead-of-javawindow/td-p/5828245&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Object Spy sees a java app as window class instead of javawindow class?&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;No result.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ALSO: the same action on my PC lead to QTP not being able to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Third attempt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Editing system registry. According to the post in HP UFT Community Home &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.hpe.com/t5/Unified-Functional-Testing/QTP-11-00-not-identifying-java-objects-properly/td-p/6461616&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;QTP 11.00 not identifying java objects properly&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Difference I've found there is no &lt;code&gt;QuickTest Professional&lt;/code&gt; folder in &lt;code&gt;HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Mercury Interactive&lt;/code&gt; so I can not save anything, but I am happy file is deleted beforehand :) (on my local PC there is even no &lt;code&gt;Mercury Interactive&lt;/code&gt; folder in &lt;code&gt;HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And nothing was found for “%appdata%\HP” so there is nothing to rename! :) (my local PC has it)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After repair - &lt;strong&gt;No result&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fourth attempt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uninstall QTP patch and QTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One more time &lt;strong&gt;Third attempt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May be repair helped and:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;QuickTest Professional&lt;/code&gt; folder was found in &lt;code&gt;HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Wow6432Node\Mercury Interactive&lt;/code&gt; so deleted it there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;QuickTest Professional&lt;/code&gt; was found for “%appdata%\HP” so renamed it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reboot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install QTP (tested java-app visibility - &lt;strong&gt;No result&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install QTP patch QTP_00699 &lt;code&gt;Support Testing on 64Bit Applications&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;No result.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install QTP patch QTP_00709 &lt;code&gt;Updates for HP QTP 11.00 [Critical]&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;No result.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fifth attempt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reinstall JRE 1.7.21. &lt;strong&gt;No result.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not downgrade to 1.6 because 1.7 version is working fine on my PC with the same QTP installation. (Still I tried: did not help)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T09:02:43.723" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T09:02:43.723" Title="QTP does not identify / recognize java objects" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;qtp-11.0&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16170" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-16T15:05:52.057" Score="6" ViewCount="531" Body="&lt;p&gt;As in many IT jobs we work with two environments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration: for QA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Development: for developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a general rule of thumb on what to do when for a bug the developer says it is ok in Development environment but it cannot be validated in Integration environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reasons for this happening might be that the services cannot be duplicated or because of third party involvement e.g. Payment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2388" LastEditorUserId="2388" LastEditDate="2015-12-16T15:29:05.593" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T07:12:37.963" Title="A bug is fixed in Development environment but cannot be validated in Integration environment" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16170" CreationDate="2015-12-16T15:33:27.357" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Push to make everything testable in the integration environment. The location you are testing in should mimic the production environment as closely as possible. Most payment providers should also have a testing interface, even credit-card validation has fake numbers to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the devs can confirm they fixed it, use their environment, maybe even pair test with a developer so you feel confident to put it into production. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If something is only testable in the production environment I would get some extra developer eyes and do a risk analyses to see if we have covered everything. Afterwards making an educated guess if we can gamble to put it into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T15:33:27.357" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14349" CreationDate="2015-12-16T19:24:18.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many good tools available out there. Since you have not mentioned which exact requirements you have, I would suggest using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/windows-desktop-test-automation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt; because it supports a lot of different software technologies, frameworks and 3rd party controls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a commercial tool which allows you to record your tests even without coding (but if you want to code, you can do it, too)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15701" LastActivityDate="2015-12-16T19:24:18.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16174" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-16T19:57:07.880" Score="1" ViewCount="929" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to get the test steps count of all the test cases separately from the test lab. Since test cases pulled in this test set is from different folders of test plan so I need some query which can give me result in based on Test set in test lab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15702" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T00:39:19.000" Title="How to get the test steps counts of a Test set in Test lab?" Tags="&lt;hp-alm-12.20&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16167" CreationDate="2015-12-17T07:38:58.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TLDR:&lt;/strong&gt; Java v1.8 was installed on the server (It is not supported by QTP 11.0, only starting from UFT 12.02) check &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnqtp.com/complete-support-matrix/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;QTP/UFT vs Java JDK Support Matrix&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DETAILS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to check&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to &lt;code&gt;Start&lt;/code&gt; --&gt; &lt;code&gt;Control Panel&lt;/code&gt; and click on &lt;code&gt;Java [XX-bit]&lt;/code&gt;. On the &lt;code&gt;Java Control Panel&lt;/code&gt; select tab &lt;code&gt;Java&lt;/code&gt; and press the button &lt;code&gt;View...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On my local PC (Java is recognized by QTP):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NNPAM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NNPAM.png&quot; alt=&quot;Java 1.7 is used to run jnlp&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And on the server:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pPYMt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pPYMt.png&quot; alt=&quot;Java 1.8 is used to run jnlp&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disabling checkbox &lt;code&gt;Enabled&lt;/code&gt; against platform &lt;code&gt;Java 1.8&lt;/code&gt; solves the problem of Java objects recognition in QTP 11.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There were two folders in &lt;code&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java&lt;/code&gt; directory:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jre1.8.0_65&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jre7&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;Java Console Log&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dbnuT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dbnuT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why this problem could happen&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java 1.8 was installed some wierd way. And I paid no attention to support matrix cause it was obvious to me that I use the same version on local PC and on server. Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On app starting time it was always this picture:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Btv3R.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Btv3R.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't you know it's Java 1.8 starting right now :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As you know from the &lt;strong&gt;Second attempt&lt;/strong&gt; of this question I started jnlp-file right from the jre7 directory:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre7\bin&gt;javaws &quot;C:_qtp\testapp.jnlp&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There was only Java 7 Update 21 on the &lt;code&gt;Programs and Features&lt;/code&gt; panel:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bAgmY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bAgmY.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T07:49:46.483" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T07:49:46.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16185" CreationDate="2015-12-17T08:34:27.383" Score="7" ViewCount="3923" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have practically tested web-services/APIs &lt;em&gt;(testing back-end requests of mobile apps, JMeter scripting for a web-application)&lt;/em&gt; but when it comes to differentiating between web-services/APIs(REST/SOAP) my concepts are quite vague on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a black-box tester, all these look same to me. All of them take some parameters which we send in a request and then verify the response for it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;if there are any differences in these technologies from black-box testing perspective. If Yes, then what are the differences? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And what level of understanding is really required by a tester (specifically a black-box tester) who is directly testing these technologies. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: There are many search results for this topic on google but they all focus on listing the technical differences which I feel are relevant to developer. My intent here is to understand these technologies  and their differences from a Tester's perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastEditorUserId="15499" LastEditDate="2015-12-18T04:37:14.133" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T10:06:19.203" Title="Difference in Web Services &amp; REST/SOAP API from Black-box Tester perspective" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16166" CreationDate="2015-12-17T11:50:01.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For session ID management I would use &lt;a href=&quot;http://techcrunch.com/2015/12/16/brazils-congress-has-shut-down-whatsapp-tonight-and-the-rest-of-the-social-web-could-be-next/?ncid=rss&amp;amp;utm_source=feedburner&amp;amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;amp;utm_campaign=Feed%3A%20Techcrunch%20%28TechCrunch%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP URL Re-writing Modifier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your sessions are cookie based then I would suggest &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T11:50:01.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16147" CreationDate="2015-12-17T12:29:19.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally you should think of tests as doing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execution&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Given X, When Y happens, Then expect Z&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Teardown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This actually occurs at two (or more) levels:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Entire test suite&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Certain files, constants, database commands, etc. need to be run before the entire test suite.  Often there is no 'tear-down' in this area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each test&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Each test should also have the three stages of setup, execute, teardown.  One of the primary items here is frequently the database.  Initially it should be empty.  Then the test suite starts and it is seeded with common data, then an individual test runs and it is populated with specific set for that test.  After the test runs it is important that the db transaction is rolled back or that the db is empty again (if no whole suite seed data).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Other.  There may also be groupings of tests that require specific setup, for example a specific service to be running.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that's the big picture.  For the gritty details of what procedures to run in what cases, it is really going to depend on too many factors to effectively answer here.  These include your: business, development environment, datastores, multi-service architecture, existing test infrastructure, test approach, languages of choice, the list is very long.  If you have more specifics you could use them for more specific questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for your script, some tools will alleviate the need for custom scripts, others will still require it.  There's nothing wrong per-se with scripts however its generally best to try and reduce the number of components and the integration, knowledge, maintenance, etc. they require.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuous integration tools that will run your tests in the cloud, such as as Jenkins or CircleCI can be expected to have the capability to run scripts and setup tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-21T03:29:51.953" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T03:29:51.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12553" CreationDate="2015-12-17T12:43:33.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quality assurance and UAT have different goals.&#xA;Quality assurance is a type of static testing wherein you verify the documents like BRD and FRS documents to make sure that you are following the correct practices as laid down by your organization to enure a quality product. &#xA;QA involves inspections,code review, walk through, feed-back etc. A more formal approach would be wherein a moderator is engaged and meeting between tester and developers takes place to make sure everything is on track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UAT-User acceptance testing is a dynamic testing and by that we mean executing the code to check whether the product build is according to the user requirements or not.It involves testing the product from users perspective to make sure the product which has been build would be accepted by the users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15681" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T12:43:33.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16177" CreationDate="2015-12-17T13:24:02.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on your question I'm assuming:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You want to know the distinction between web services, APIs, as well as REST and SOAP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether the technical implementation of these matter to you when it comes to testing in a black box capacity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So lets start with some definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Web services and APIs:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always like the W3C description of a web service:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'A Web service is a software system designed to support interoperable&#xA;  machine-to-machine interaction over a network.'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this means a Web service is a system somewhere on a network (either internal or on the web) that provides resources or actions to other systems such as a mobile app, a web browser or another Web service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The API is a means to access the web service.  Much like, for example, selenium-webdriver has bunch of methods that form an API to trigger your browser events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;REST and SOAP&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So with the above in mind, REST and SOAP are architectural approaches in how a Web Service and it's API is created and how it communicates with other Web Services.  I'm not going to go into the differences here, but you can find details on each style here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;REST - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SOAP - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAP&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Crudely put you can see the differences in REST and SOAP in the requests you make, specifically in the payloads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;So in answer to your second question:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes it does matter in a black box capacity.  The choice of REST or SOAP architecture matter to you because they determine how you would generate your requests for the service. For example, sending a SOAP request to a REST service will probably result in the web service rejecting it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, what tests you design would be determined by what the Web service does and what the API allows.  So if it's a tax calculator service you will be interested in how the service crunches numbers whereas if it's a database service you will be interested in how it stores and retrieves data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend that although you might not know the code inside and be able to test in a White box capacity it's worth finding out what the service's responsibility is and how it has been implemented to ensure you run effective and relevant testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15712" LastEditorUserId="15712" LastEditDate="2015-12-17T16:35:55.613" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T16:35:55.613" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16177" CreationDate="2015-12-17T14:56:12.903" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;short answer- No&#xA;a little longer answer- No there's no significant difference testing wise&#xA;I think you answered the question yourself &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;All of them take some parameters which we send in a request and then verify the response for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;only the mechanism is different&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T14:56:12.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12553" CreationDate="2015-12-17T15:26:53.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of good points here - especially that every development company will use these terms slightly different based on their own models.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a QA Analyst, and I primarily perform unit and system testing in line with new code during a given sprint (Agile development).  As code changes or is added, I test the units and corresponding systems to verify functionality based on design document and business needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we prepare to launch a major version of the product, we do beta testing as a form of UAT where the clients will test based on how they use the software day-to-day.  This is both a technology and a business testing situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When our software is installed with a new client or upgraded at an existing client, UAT comes into play making sure the new version (or new software) works as the client expects, and this couples with training to ensure they understand how the software is supposed to function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13244" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T15:26:53.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12444" CreationDate="2015-12-17T16:28:47.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would avoid any 'industry best-practices' in approaching how you organise your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to advise without knowing what your development context is, but I would look at what parts of the application my tests are checking and then attempt to merge those tests into the same repository as the code that's being checked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example if you have a bunch of SOAP tests I would assume (maybe incorrectly) that they are testing a web service so I would group those tests with the repository for that web service.  You could then bake the running of those specific tests within Maven build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15712" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T16:28:47.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16177" CreationDate="2015-12-17T19:04:19.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to know if there are any differences in these technologies from black-box testing perspective. If Yes, then what are the differences?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Serializing/deserializing messages&lt;/strong&gt;. SOAP Web services define message format through WSDL standard, so it is easy to automatically generate client stubs from it. There's a similar standard, WADL, for RESTful services, but is not widespread, so usually you need to take care of serializing/deserializing yourself or rely on clients provided by service providers, dev team, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verifying response compliance to the schema&lt;/strong&gt;. For SOAP you can validate whether a SOAP response payload complies to the XSD schema. For RESTful services, as said before, usually there's no such schema, so validating of the structure must be done in a different way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Transport protocols&lt;/strong&gt;. SOAP Web services can use different bindings as a transport protocol, HTTP, IIOP and other, so you may need to test it as well, because often same service exposes different functionalities under different bindings. RESTful services goes always over HTTP.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Architecture validation&lt;/strong&gt;. RESTful services rely on the grammar of HTTP protocol, so part of verification might be whether methods like POST, PUT, GET, etc. are used properly, or whether HTTP response status codes (200, 4xx, etc.) are used for the right errors. WSDL for SOAP Web Services leaves more freedom here. There are also many other concepts in REST style, like stateless requests (no cookies) that can be validated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Security&lt;/strong&gt;. RESTful services rely on HTTPS for secure transport layer and may rely on HTTP Basic Authentication. SOAP Web services additionally may rely on WS-Security extension.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verifying documentation&lt;/strong&gt;. If you care about documentation, then first thing for SOAP Web services is read docs in WSDL and XSD files. RESTful services do not have a fixed way of documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And there are much more differences between those services, nicely compared in the paper from WWW 2008 conference, &lt;a href=&quot;http://wwwconference.org/www2008/papers/pdf/p805-pautassoA.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;RESTful Web Services vs. “Big” Web Services: Making the Right Architectural Decision&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And what level of understanding is really required by a tester (specifically a black-box tester) for these technologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depends, how those services have been defined in detail, how far you want to go with testing and what matters for you and your company:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It might be helpful to learn XPath or JSON path, if your services are using XML or JSON for payload. XQuery is optional here. For most functional tests it's enough to stop here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It might be helpful to learn how to write or generate client stubs for both types of services in your favourite programming language, if you don't want to use SOAP UI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It might be worth to learn how to automatically validate XML against XSD (XML Schema) with your favourite programming language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For both it might be worth to learn about basics of HTTP protocol, what most common headers, methods and error codes mean. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you care about proper architecture, read about basics of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ics.uci.edu/~fielding/pubs/dissertation/rest_arch_style.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RESTful architectural style&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you care about security testing, for both it might be worth to learn about some HTTP related attacks, e.g., HTTP response splitting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software for accessing services:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;REST services&lt;/strong&gt;: for HTTP GET method you can simply use Web browser, for other HTTP methods you may need dedicate software, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/postman/fhbjgbiflinjbdggehcddcbncdddomop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Postman add-on&lt;/a&gt; for Chrome, &lt;a href=&quot;http://curl.haxx.se/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;curl&lt;/a&gt; Unix command or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOAP UI&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SOAP services&lt;/strong&gt;: you need dedicated software, e.g., SOAP UI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also generate client stubs, but that depends on your programming language. E.g., for testing REST services in Java I use &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/rest-assured/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;REST-Assured&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://square.github.io/retrofit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Retrofit&lt;/a&gt; libraries. For SOAP I used &lt;a href=&quot;http://cxf.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache CXF&lt;/a&gt; to generate client stubs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-12-18T10:06:19.203" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T10:06:19.203" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16177" CreationDate="2015-12-17T19:21:03.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're testing a GUI that interacts with some back-end service, and your only concern is that what you enter in the GUI gives you the expected outcome when the service is done, it doesn't matter what type of back-end service is used (An example might be testing credit card authorization in your system with a new protocol - you don't care how the protocol is implemented, all you care is that the test card number that should give you a approval actually does give you an approval).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if you're testing some feature or aspect of the service itself, then it matters a great deal: you need to know what format to put the request in, what format the response should take, and you need to be able to read the logs if the response doesn't give you the result you expect. If you're automating, the kind of service has a big impact on how easy/difficult it is to automate in your specific tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T19:21:03.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14559" CreationDate="2015-12-17T20:10:13.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I once had a similar demand on a Scrum based project and we used JIRA, so this answer is dependant on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We set up a new sub-issue type and created the necessary fields for Session based metrics.  Then we tied those sessions directly to the story when it was being tested which helped us track our progress.  We then used the JIRA API to pull out the necessary information for reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15712" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T20:10:13.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15400" CreationDate="2015-12-17T20:25:06.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with KirbyScope I wouldn't test this with Selenium at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use an http client to make the necessary requests to authorise and then GET the PDF and then assert on the response and content return to ensure it was a valid PDF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could do this either programmatically or with a tool like JMeter (and have your JMeter script run via command line)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15712" LastActivityDate="2015-12-17T20:25:06.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16189" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-17T20:33:48.457" Score="5" ViewCount="840" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some Coded UI test cases which are using external files e.g. XML files that contain the Element Name and ID to be located over a page. This XML file is used by Test Cases (under TestMethod attribute) for finding a Field with its Name and ID (e.g. TextBox) and then setting its value. This input value is being provided by the CSV file (so I have used the DDT approach of Coded UI and deployed these CSV files using the Deployment Item Attribute). For locating XML files I have used the below logic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Directory.GetParent(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()).Parent.Parent.FullName.ToString() + &amp;quot;\\&amp;quot; + System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name.ToString() + &amp;quot;\\Elements\\&amp;quot; + str_fileName&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had to use this because during run time Coded UI creates a temporary directory something like this &lt;code&gt;username_machinename 2015-12-16 14_46_38&lt;/code&gt; and tries to find the XML file here, but since they are not under Deployment Attribute, so they are never copied. By using the above logic I was able to locate them in Build folder (Debug/Release) and then test cases were working fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But since yesterday I have moved all my test cases to TFS and this above logic is no more working. Because, now Coded UI tries to find these XML Files inside Temp Folder at location &lt;code&gt;C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Temp\WebTests\Elements\GlobalActionElements.xml&lt;/code&gt;, while it should look for them inside Debug Folder. Actually, after I moved to TFS, the location provided by my code is of Temp Folder not of Debug Folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using the &lt;strong&gt;TestSettings&lt;/strong&gt; File, but with that too it goes to same Temp location and test cases are not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It only works in one case, when I use the &lt;strong&gt;Runsettings&lt;/strong&gt; file, but there I have to provide the Absolute path for the TestResults folder, else that too doesn't work. I don't want to use the absolute path, as going forward it may change and then someone has to update it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All XML files have already been marked with &lt;strong&gt;Copy to output directory = Copy Always&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Build Action = Content&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T12:09:44.297" LastActivityDate="2020-12-11T19:06:55.687" Title="Coded UI Test case execution issue" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-17T21:38:47.427" Score="3" ViewCount="1065" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've found various links for sending TestNG reports to be emailed after test executions here are two of the links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://loganathan1988.wordpress.com/2014/11/03/how-to-email-automated-test-execution-reports-as-an-attachment-using-java-mail-api-in-selenium/comment-page-1/#comment-9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://loganathan1988.wordpress.com/2014/11/03/how-to-email-automated-test-execution-reports-as-an-attachment-using-java-mail-api-in-selenium/comment-page-1/#comment-9&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.assertselenium.com/java/emailable-reports-for-selenium-scripts/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.assertselenium.com/java/emailable-reports-for-selenium-scripts/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've downloaded mail.jar as well but don't know how to configure all this with my project to send an email after test execution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:28:15.763" LastActivityDate="2020-12-12T16:05:25.540" Title="TestNG reports email after test executions" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14682" CreationDate="2015-12-18T02:19:53.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Honestly, today I believe that most businesses don't care for many papers, delivered value, go for it. Forget test cases, test plans. &lt;em&gt;A mind map can help you much more&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today most environments are agile, no one has time to look at thousands of papers with a lot of text. Using a &lt;em&gt;mindmap&lt;/em&gt; you can &quot;draw&quot; your ideas and be faster and intuitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8865" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T02:33:34.140" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:33:34.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16193" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16195" CreationDate="2015-12-18T03:40:19.130" Score="2" ViewCount="794" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to make pause command dynamic like define it first and multiple or divide it (in shortest form) in test as shown below: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OzKij.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OzKij.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15495" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T05:55:18.450" Title="Multiple the variable passed in pause command in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16193" CreationDate="2015-12-18T05:22:51.093" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can make use of storeEval command in Selenium IDE. Using it you can add, divide, multiply any variable with desired value and then use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Command: storeEval&#xA;Target: storedVars['delay']*2&#xA;Value: doubleDelay&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table cellpadding=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;thead&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;New Test&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/thead&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;store&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;delay&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storedVars['delay']*2&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;doubleDelay&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${doubleDelay}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.questionselenium.com/2012/10/echo-storeeval-and-storedvars.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;reference for storeEval&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15718" LastEditorUserId="15718" LastEditDate="2015-12-18T05:55:18.450" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T05:55:18.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16193" CreationDate="2015-12-18T05:46:31.923" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium docs mention that Javascript can be used in Selenium IDE in two ways. With script-parameters (storeEval etc) and with non-script parameters (direct javascript). The easier solution to  your problem is using non-script parameters in your selenium-ide commands. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply replace &lt;code&gt;${delay}/2&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;javascript{storedVars['delay']/2}&lt;/code&gt; and so on.. as shown in attached screenshot. You can also use &lt;code&gt;echo&lt;/code&gt; command to verify if this solution is working as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KWW5N.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KWW5N.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details, I recommend reading official selenium docs: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#javascript-and-selenese-parameters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE official documentation on using javascript&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T05:46:31.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15504" CreationDate="2015-12-18T10:25:01.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes we can automate localised , get the data for the labels and link text of localised content in some file or excel sheet, you can convert it into UTF-8 or Shift-JIS  and getText, or Value of that particular webelement &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T10:25:01.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14751" CreationDate="2015-12-18T10:50:09.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually it is possible to use Sikuli for mobile too. With Appium.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dzaiats.github.io/appium-sikuli-driver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here is example&lt;/a&gt; of how to do it. &#xA;in this project is described the process how to setup and how to use this framework. Examples are attached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15722" LastEditorUserId="15722" LastEditDate="2015-12-19T11:42:39.010" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T11:42:39.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14898" CreationDate="2015-12-18T13:09:18.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have not mentioned which type of testing you want to do. If you want to do &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/automated-functional-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;automated functional testing&lt;/a&gt;, I can recommend Ranorex. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this tool you can directly record tests on your iPad. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15701" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T13:09:18.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16199" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-18T15:37:18.233" Score="5" ViewCount="4228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to test mobile app battery consumption on android. I am new to this. Is there anyone who can guide me about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T11:36:10.003" Title="How to test battery consumption of mobile app?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16199" CreationDate="2015-12-18T16:05:41.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Go to Settings -&gt; About Phone -&gt; Battery Usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2015-12-18T16:05:41.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16201" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-18T23:02:45.437" Score="2" ViewCount="760" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;findElement(By.xpath(&quot;&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; method is not throwing exception and the program keeps waiting at that line and doesn't proceed further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried using &lt;code&gt;classname&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;cssSelector&lt;/code&gt; but nothing helped.&#xA;In my html I don't have id for the element which I'm trying to capture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;his is my actual code where I'm testing for dropbox elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean dropBoxtest(WebDriver driver,String userQuery) &#xA;{ &#xA; try&#xA;    { &#xA;     driver.findElement(By .xpath(&quot;//div[@id='Panel']/span[2]/ul&quot;));          &#xA;     List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; dropbox = driver.findElements(By .xpath(&quot;//div[@id='Panel']/span[2]/ul/li&quot;)); &#xA;     if (!dropbox.isEmpty()) {    &#xA;     flag = false; do some operations here &#xA;     }&#xA;     return flag; &#xA;     catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); &#xA;    } &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please kindly help me on this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15729" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-19T07:15:44.453" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T00:44:02.390" Title="Find Element method is not throwing exception when elements are not there" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-01-04T04:58:25.530" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2015-12-19T13:30:28.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would approach this as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use the Firefox browser SeleniumIDE plugin.  You'll be able to write tests you can run in a few minutes.  You'll learn a ton about html, js, selecting elements, css, id's, classes, naming tests, codifying Given, When, Then and so much more.  Once you are comfortable with that, modify the tests to use a page object pattern with javascript variables (don't worry if that doesn't mean much now) to identify the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Study webdriver.  Eventually you'll want to move from the seleniumIDE (which is great but strictly limited for long term projects) to a programming language where you use a driver like Webdriver in combination with a programming language like Python, Ruby, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn programming.  Start learning Ruby/Python and little bits of shell scripting.  Buy and read books, use sites like code academy and code school.  Study, study, study.  It may takes months to get a toehold, years to become productive and decades to become highly proficient.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Combine programming and webdriver knowledge.  Once you have some familiarity with a language, look to start using the test frameworks that are available for that language.  This may be selenium webdriver but it could also be (for Ruby for example) a framework like rspec-capybara&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are somewhat sequential but you can also do some of the steps at the same time.  For example while writing seleniumIDE tests you can be learning a programming language and the test frameworks it supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term &quot;strongest&quot; language doesn't have clear (or any) meaning in terms of software and automation.  You could specify characteristics such as &quot;easy to learn for beginners&quot; or &quot;produces most efficent code&quot; or &quot;well suited for automation&quot;.  If the last case it's probably going to be the question of what testing frameworks exist for that language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scripts &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; useful automation tools.  They are just limited in terms of long-term growth and maintainability.  You will want to use a modern object-oriented language to write concise yet easy to read and maintain, programs.  Even then, command line scripts, e.g. in bash, can be an essential part of automating testing as they can be used to setup data, files, databases, etc before or after automated tests are run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T13:30:28.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14898" CreationDate="2015-12-19T13:37:47.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Install Firefox and the SeleniumIDE plug and write simple automated tests with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Export to a programming language such as C#, Ruby or Python as desired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2015-12-19T13:37:47.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16206" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16212" CreationDate="2015-12-20T12:03:57.983" Score="-2" ViewCount="1783" Body="&lt;p&gt;Course Name: Software Quality Assurance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need 25 test scenarios to verify user login that contains just two fields&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be Positive scenario or negative scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15737" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2015-12-21T07:42:59.453" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T07:42:59.453" Title="simple login test scenarios" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-21T06:47:12.887" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2015-12-20T12:53:51.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The path &lt;strong&gt;Manual QA -&gt; Automation QA is not optimal&lt;/strong&gt;. You can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spend 3-5 years as a programmer, then 1 year of automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or you can start with test automation right away and spend another 20 years torturing yourself. And after that there still be a slim chance you'll be doing it right.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Automation is not for a QA who learnt how to write code. It's for programmers who know how to test. Without proper skills in programming you won't be able to implement a proper &lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/test-pyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Pyramid&lt;/a&gt; because it requires the knowledge of Dev frameworks. You won't become a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRP29wFqu20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quality Assistance&lt;/a&gt; because you'd need to give technical advice to Developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there is still something that you can do without deep programming skills. And this is very common among AQA. But the results are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Either Devs write the technical part and then you write the actual test cases on top of that. But this is rare since not a lot of Devs know how to or want to write easy-to-use frameworks. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or you'll be writing plenty of fragile System Tests that take a lot of time and don't bring satisfaction to the team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other problem with MQAs who became AQAs is that Dev team often doesn't have respect to these people. That depends on the culture of course, but I noticed this unfortunate behaviour in multiple teams. And this is hardly the career that most people want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you really want to become an AQA my advice is to change the career path and &lt;strong&gt;become a programmer&lt;/strong&gt;. After that if you still have a passion for testing, you can start specializing on test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T12:53:51.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13735" CreationDate="2015-12-20T14:56:52.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can recommend Ranorex. It works both with coding and without (just by capturing the actions). It also supports cross-browser web test automation (Chrome, Firefox, IE and Safari) as you can read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/web-test-automation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12628" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T14:56:52.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12373" CreationDate="2015-12-20T17:45:50.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can install 3rd party App on phone or emulator , I recommend you to install &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.intelloware.apkinfo&amp;amp;hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apk Info&lt;/a&gt;&quot;  It always help me to get package and activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15740" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T17:45:50.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15669" CreationDate="2015-12-20T18:20:07.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the time being &lt;a href=&quot;http://allure.qatools.ru/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Allure Framework&lt;/a&gt; is probably the most advanced reporting tool for testing. It has adaptors &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/allure-framework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;for many languages&lt;/a&gt;. It allows you to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create steps and sub-steps in your tests. Sub-steps are good for detailed logging.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-core/wiki/Attachments&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Attach files&lt;/a&gt; like text files, JSON, XML, images, etc. You can view them right from the report in the steps. I think this is the metadata attachments that you seek for.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add marks like &lt;code&gt;@Issue&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;@Story&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;@Feature&lt;/code&gt; that are going to be shown in different places in the report. It's possible to group by Features and Stories (Behaviour tab).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create test suites that's a different way of grouping of tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has a plugin architecture, so I suppose it's possible to add your plugins that will generate your own reports. But I haven't seen that done in practice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It also works with parameterization, but a test-framework needs to support this (e.g. TestNG has &lt;code&gt;@DataProviders&lt;/code&gt;). Though for big string parameters or when there are many params it's better to use attachments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can add descriptions for the tests as some kind of sub-title where you could add extra explanations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can either use a test framework for this or you could &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/allure-framework/allure-core/wiki/Creating-Allure-Adapter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;write you own adaptor&lt;/a&gt; which is not complicated - you'll need to use Allure classes/files to createStep, createSuite and so forth. Though for different languages it'll be a bit different. It'll generate XML for you and then will transform that XML into HTML report (via Maven, CLI, CI, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastActivityDate="2015-12-20T18:20:07.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16199" CreationDate="2015-12-21T04:59:46.897" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;adb&lt;/code&gt; to get battery consumption of your app by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb shell dumpsys batterystats [your.package.name]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The result is very detail, so you may need to use &lt;code&gt;grep&lt;/code&gt; to fine grain information you want and then import result into your continuous integration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you only need to know an over view of battery usage for all your tests in a controlled environment, &lt;code&gt;adb shell dumpsys battery&lt;/code&gt; should be enough. You can grep the battery level by &lt;code&gt;adb shell dumpsys battery | grep level&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have further information from &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/tools/performance/batterystats-battery-historian/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Android official site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T04:59:46.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16206" CreationDate="2015-12-21T06:43:10.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very unusual to write test scenarios with such limited information. I only write simplified tests as it can be developed into scenarios easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume pressing enter in password field would initial login, and below logins are valid,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;username: correct, password: correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;username: correct1, password: correct1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;username: speical1, password: #$%^&amp;amp;*()!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;username: longpass, password: 123456789012345678901234567890&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[blank] means no character is input&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive. username: correct, press ENTER, password: correct. Show welcome page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive. username: correct, press TAB, password: correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive. username: correct , password: correct. Assume space at the end will be trimmed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive. username: correct1, password: correct1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive. username: speical1, password: #$%^&amp;amp;*()!. Test special characters in password.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive. username: longpass, password: 123456789012345678901234567890&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive/negative. username: longpass, password: 12345678901234567890. Some system trims long password while some doesn't&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct1, password: correct. Show login error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct, password: correct1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: [blank], password: [blank]. Show username required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct, password: [blank]. Show password required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: [blank], password: correct. Show username required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct, password: wrong. Show login error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: wrong, password: correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case sensitiveness. It depends on whether the login/password is case sensitive/insensitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;15&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive/negative. username: CORRECT, password: correct. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive/negative. username: correct, password: CORRECT. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQL Injection&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;17&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: ' OR '1'='1, password: correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct, password: ' OR '1'='1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: &quot; OR &quot;1&quot;=&quot;1, password: correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct, password: &quot; OR &quot;1&quot;=&quot;1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQL Injection. Assume the develop check for space but the SQL database allows no space between operator and string&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;21&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: ' OR '1'='1, password: correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct, password: ' OR '1'='1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: &quot; OR &quot;1&quot;=&quot;1, password: correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct, password: &quot; OR &quot;1&quot;=&quot;1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;25&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative. username: correct, password: correct. should land on the welcome page. Copy URL of the welcome page and then logout. Paste the URL on the browser and press ENTER. The welcome page must not display. It must redirect to login page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And many more depends on the database you use and your creativity. You need to write another 25 as your tutor is monitoring this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6668" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T06:43:10.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-21T08:02:46.113" Score="2" ViewCount="2481" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem with switching frames in Selenium. I'm using Firefox Webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first step I'm switching to &lt;code&gt;Masterpass_frame&lt;/code&gt; then I click on a button to force the frame to reload. Then I need to put values into the login form which is in &lt;code&gt;MasterPass_wallet_frame&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried switching to the &lt;code&gt;MasterPass_wallet_frame&lt;/code&gt; by &lt;code&gt;switchTo.defaultContent()&lt;/code&gt; and then &lt;code&gt;switchTo.frame(&quot;MasterPass_wallet_frame&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; but nothing is happening. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any ideas how to do that? It's my first big problem in Selenium. I'm still learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the html code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;MasterPass_container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;MasterPass_frame&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://sandbox.masterpass.com/lightbox/version232/Switch/index.html?allowedCardTypes=master%2Camex%2Cdiners%2Cdiscover%2Cjcb%2Cmaestro%2Cvisa&amp;amp;allowedLoyaltyPrograms=&amp;amp;allowedShipToCountries=US%2CAU%2CBE%2CBR%2CCA%2CCN%2CFR%2CIL%2CIT%2CNL%2CRO%2CSG%2CES%2CSE%2CAE%2CGB&amp;amp;shippingLocationProfile=&amp;amp;callbackUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fsandbox.masterpass.com%2FCheckout%2FMerchantDemoCallback%3Fconsumer_key%3DNeqwj09Ay7dYCB0D38HwjrEbyAWQpsgbdKYdjPTtdbe4fe96!467a4c6c7341586a584d5a554766526a7154786a4b513d3d&amp;amp;flow=checkout&amp;amp;locale=en-US&amp;amp;merchantCheckoutId=a4a6w3nlg59yjh02zn7v21h030a78pon&amp;amp;requestedDataTypes=&amp;amp;requestToken=ca01084580335b3c432ffbc2743055108737284b&amp;amp;version=v6&amp;amp;pairingRequestToken=108f1df6326733182b551bdc045db70c483d1024&amp;amp;requireShippingDestination=true&amp;amp;clientOrigin=https%3A%2F%2Fsandbox.masterpass.com&amp;amp;targetOrigin=https%3A%2F%2Fsandbox.masterpass.com&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;MasterPass_frame&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html class=&quot;js canvas geolocation video audio localstorage sessionstorage texttrackapi track formvalidation fieldsetdisabled styleableinputrange no-details&quot; lang=&quot;en-us&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body id=&quot;iframe-body&quot; class=&quot;switch-frame&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;MasterPass_animation_overlay&quot; class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;closeContainer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;headerPanel&quot; style=&quot;display: block;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;topNotificationContainer&quot; class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;top-notification-overlay&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;mainPanel&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;walletWindow&quot; class=&quot;mp-frame&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;MasterPass_wallet_frame&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;590&quot; width=&quot;690&quot; style=&quot;height:100%;&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; src=&quot;https://wallet.beta.upaid.pl/portfel?merchant_return_url=https%3A%2F%2Fsandbox.masterpass.com%2Flightbox%2Fversion232%2FSwitch%2Fcallback.html%3Foauth_token%3Dca01084580335b3c432ffbc2743055108737284b&amp;amp;flow=checkout&amp;amp;locale=en-PL&amp;amp;targetOrigin=https%3A%2F%2Fsandbox.masterpass.com&amp;amp;clientOrigin=https%3A%2F%2Fsandbox.masterpass.com&amp;amp;walletId=uPaidV6b&amp;amp;acceptable_cards=master%2Camex%2Cdiners%2Cdiscover%2Cjcb%2Cmaestro%2Cvisa&amp;amp;checkout_identifier=a4a6w3nlg59yjh02zn7v21h030a78pon&amp;amp;requestedDataTypes=&amp;amp;oauth_token=ca01084580335b3c432ffbc2743055108737284b&amp;amp;pairingRequestToken=108f1df6326733182b551bdc045db70c483d1024&amp;amp;checkout_version=6&amp;amp;merchant_name=andresTest638&amp;amp;auth_options=NO_3DS&amp;amp;cardinal_merchant_id=mcpaypass&amp;amp;amount=2500&amp;amp;currency=840&amp;amp;order_number=1450682352687&amp;amp;suppress_shipping_address=false&amp;amp;merchantSuppressSignup=false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html lang=&quot;en&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body class=&quot;pl&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;main-window&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;sidebar-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;main-layout-container &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;height: 100%;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;main-content login&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form class=&quot;form-horizontal max-height&quot; accept-charset=&quot;UTF-8&quot; action=&quot;https://wallet.beta.upaid.pl/auth/login&quot; method=&quot;POST&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;ayF6G1K5HJvpmcx8ikaGCBgzjw3gvFuYyhCsdf7U&quot; name=&quot;_token&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;ayF6G1K5HJvpmcx8ikaGCBgzjw3gvFuYyhCsdf7U&quot; name=&quot;_token&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;loginType&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;WEB&quot; name=&quot;loginType&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;container-fluid max-height&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;header class=&quot;content-header&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;modal fade languageModal&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;myLanguageModal&quot; role=&quot;dialog&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;row wrapp wrappedd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-1 col-sm-1 col-md-4&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;wallet-logo&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;advertising&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;sm-app-link&quot; class=&quot;blued sm-blued link full-display&quot; data-target=&quot;.downloadModal&quot; data-toggle=&quot;modal&quot;&amp;gt;Pobierz aplikację Wallet&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a id=&quot;app-link-mobile-large&quot; class=&quot;blued sm-blued link&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; href=&quot;https://upaid.pl/app&quot; style=&quot;display: none&quot;&amp;gt;Pobierz aplikację Wallet&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-md-offset-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h4 class=&quot;disnone&quot;&amp;gt;Wybierz sposób akceptacji płatności&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;disnone sign-in-buttons-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;web&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;prefix&quot; class=&quot;prefix-switch form-control&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; value=&quot;+48&quot; name=&quot;prefix&quot; data-target=&quot;.prefixModal&quot; data-toggle=&quot;modal&quot; readonly=&quot;readonly&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;login-input form-control&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;login&quot; placeholder=&quot;Adres e-mail lub numer telefonu&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 errors-red&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;mobile&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;forget-password col-xs-12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;hr class=&quot;big-margin-hr&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;footer class=&quot;main-footer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;safari-user-modal&quot; class=&quot;modal fade&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;safariInfo&quot; role=&quot;dialog&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15744" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T02:56:33.210" LastActivityDate="2016-04-23T03:15:06.627" Title="Facing a problem while switching frames with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16244" CreationDate="2015-12-21T09:16:36.120" Score="0" ViewCount="878" Body="&lt;p&gt;how do i use list for selenium web driver in java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to select id which are continuously changing, and one id is in one row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;need to select id from each &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;tr id=&quot;tr-132885-id&quot; class=&quot;bgwhite&quot; onmouseout=&quot;hilightOnMouseOver('tr-132885-id','out')&quot; onmouseover=&quot;hilightOnMouseOver('tr-132885-id','in')&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;td class=&quot;companynm-td&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;div id=&quot;expand-132885-div&quot; class=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;         &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;expandCompanyDetail('185159','132885','show','current','1');return false;&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13033" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-23T08:23:58.170" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T14:56:55.703" Title="how do i use list for selenium web driver in java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7431" CreationDate="2015-12-21T09:59:03.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;White-box testing usually involves tracing possible execution paths through the code and working out what input values would force the execution of those paths. Quite simple techniques exist by which the tester (usually the developer who wrote the code) can work out the smallest number of paths necessary to test, or &quot;cover,&quot; all the code. Some types of static analysis tool will do the same job, more quickly and more reliably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Structure-based techniques(white box testing) can also be used at all levels of testing. Developers use structure-based techniques in component testing and component integration testing, especially where there is good tool support for code coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Structure-based techniques are also used in system and acceptance testing, but the structures are different. For example, the coverage of menu options or major business transactions could be the structural element in system or acceptance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15597" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T09:59:03.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16216" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-21T11:52:38.927" Score="1" ViewCount="2363" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is file attachment and than import script I am getting the following error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Action.c(128): Error -26488: Could not obtain information about submitted file &quot;C:\Users\domix\Documents\VuGen\Scripts\Credit_Report\Aaron IMPORTER.htm&quot;: _stat32 rc=-1, errno=2 [No such file or directory]. Using an empty file      [MsgId: MERR-26488]&#xA;&#xA;web_submit_data(&quot;Upload&quot;, &#xA;&quot;Action=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CustomerReports/Upload?ConsumerID=40&quot;, &#xA;&quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;&quot;EncType=multipart/form-data&quot;, &#xA;&quot;RecContentType=application/json&quot;, &#xA;&quot;Referer=http://scoretestsrv.cloudapp.net/CustomerReports/Details/40&quot;, &#xA;&quot;Snapshot=t10.inf&quot;, &#xA;&quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;ITEMDATA, &#xA;&quot;Name=name&quot;, &quot;Value=Aaron IMPORTER.htm&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;&quot;Name=chunk&quot;, &quot;Value=0&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;&quot;Name=chunks&quot;, &quot;Value=1&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;&quot;Name=file&quot;, &quot;Value=Aaron IMPORTER.htm&quot;, &quot;File=Yes&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;LAST);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please explain how to correct this error (This is where I am upload the file and importing it into system)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T07:16:35.470" LastActivityDate="2021-01-05T18:03:50.337" Title="Loadrunner file upload and import error" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16217" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-21T11:55:43.113" Score="2" ViewCount="157" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to perform some tests to web application with interesting interface. I faced with the following issue: there is a process with progress bar and while process is not finished, &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt; couldn't interact with page. Progress bar percentage and status message are received by page thru &lt;strong&gt;very long&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;ajax&lt;/code&gt;. It works very interesting:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page sends request to start process (aka form submit)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page receives data with popup window and shows it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page sends request to get progress bar status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page receives every few seconds &lt;strong&gt;a part&lt;/strong&gt; of response with status and current progress&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page receives &lt;strong&gt;the end&lt;/strong&gt; of response (aka code 200)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, while process is running, page is 'downloading' the response. It this period, &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt; couldn't execute (or something else) its scripts in page.! Selenium perform all actions (also, searching elements, clicks on it and so on) thru executing some js in page context  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &lt;code&gt;document.readyState == 'complete'&lt;/code&gt;, but... browser shows like it is loading something (yes, it is, it is loading the response).    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure that I can somehow modify the page to avoid such 'locking'. It is possible to tune selenium settings to allow him to work while something is loaded? I'm interested in reading in real-time the progress status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13058" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T08:11:02.543" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T09:15:06.523" Title="Selenium couldn't do anything while browser is loading long ajax response" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14877" CreationDate="2015-12-21T13:32:38.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for IT Central Station, and you might find some of the real user reviews on our site to be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see all major alternative to HP ALM on IT Central Station, with user reviews details why they chose each solution to help you make your decision. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itcentralstation.com/categories/application-lifecycle-management-suites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.itcentralstation.com/categories/application-lifecycle-management-suites&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth noting that when it comes to HP ALM, several user reviews have noted that they evaluated other solutions, including TFS, IBM CLM, Jira Grasshopper and more, and decided to stay with ALM based on factors including ease of use, and integration with other tools. You can read their reviews here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itcentralstation.com/products/hp-alm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.itcentralstation.com/products/hp-alm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12889" LastEditorUserId="12889" LastEditDate="2015-12-23T12:51:18.750" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T12:51:18.750" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1448" CreationDate="2015-12-21T13:36:22.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good Communication skills.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conviction. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Grasping capability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inquisitiveness and exploring the software and business requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diplomacy(specially to handle developers).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic programming skills.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15748" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T13:36:22.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16220" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-21T14:23:27.313" Score="2" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are in the process of implementing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tibco.de/products/automation/application-integration/activematrix-businessworks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TIBCO Business Works&lt;/a&gt; as part of our new service layer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We aim to test this in isolation, so black box testing and then attached our legacy back end database. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We will likely use a test harness so we can create a fully automated suite. The harness will either be bought or built internally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for peoples experiences in testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This product or similar service bus products? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What type of strategy did you take?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did you build your own harness or go out to market?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9197" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-21T15:11:02.460" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T15:11:02.460" Title="TIBCO Business Works" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-30T12:49:01.497" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16214" CreationDate="2015-12-21T14:58:52.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask your developers to add a name (which does not need to be unique) to relevant elements. find_elements (Java may have different spelling) returns a LIST of elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot have name, you can find by CSS class. Xpath is locator of last hope, too brittle and too slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2015-12-21T14:58:52.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16222" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-22T01:29:22.060" Score="6" ViewCount="4344" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know there are different factors that would make it higher or lower. I'm looking for a base percent to use for estimating the testing of the software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to do this because testers/QA are often not consulted about the estimates used to bill customers for new projects they request: instead my employer uses a base percentage to come up with an estimate, so if the development team effort is estimated at 500 hours, the expected test/QA effort is set at 20% of development effort (100 hours).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need a set of broad guidelines that my company can use to generate test estimates around these general principles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A flat base percentage of development effort as a starting point&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any factors that would increase test effort and by how much (such as needing certification by a third party increases test effort by 50%)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any factors that would decrease test effort and by how much (such as integrating an embedded component that can't be accessed by the test team) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15752" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-12-22T13:17:41.750" LastActivityDate="2020-12-14T17:03:54.773" Title="What are good heuristics to generate testing time estimates as a percentage of development time" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-estimation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2721" CreationDate="2015-12-22T06:02:15.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's something I found on some other &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/showflat.php?Cat=0&amp;amp;Number=434141&amp;amp;page=0&amp;amp;fpart=all&amp;amp;vc=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SQA forum&lt;/a&gt; while searching for the same functionality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/download.php?Number=447923&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Qc to Excel Add-in for Excel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just need to make sure of a couple of things for this to work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract this file into the path - Appdata&amp;gt;Microsoft&amp;gt;Addins&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Change the Macro security settings in Microsoft Excel so that macros can be enabled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15754" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T06:02:15.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16222" CreationDate="2015-12-22T06:51:34.827" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the methodology of SDLC we are using, ex: if it is agile development with continuous-integration in place,then it should take 30 percent of development time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like 15 days development of sprint, then time taken for testing should be 4.5 working days, if key features of applications automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also depends number of QA resources involved in testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2015-12-22T08:11:49.353" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T08:11:49.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16222" CreationDate="2015-12-22T08:11:20.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always like to advocate my &lt;strong&gt;33% rule&lt;/strong&gt; for Agile software development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cycle contains three major parts (which should be executed in parallel if possible)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements, design, user stories and other documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coding (with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID_(object-oriented_design)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOLID patterns&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing (including unit-tests, integration tests, end-2-end tests and continuous-integration)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not spend an average of 33% on each of the three groups you will create &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_debt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical debt&lt;/a&gt; and should think about the long term consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2020-12-14T17:03:54.773" LastActivityDate="2020-12-14T17:03:54.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14682" CreationDate="2015-12-22T10:33:14.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Suite &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Black-box Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt;: In Test plan you can understand whole application, Flow on your android application and after create test plan &amp;amp; test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black-box testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Testing without having any knowledge of the interior workings of the application is called black-box testing.Black box testing includes only input and output process&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Suite:&lt;/strong&gt; Test suite means validation. check all validation for mandatory fields&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case:&lt;/strong&gt; Create test case for your mobile application continue to testing period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T10:33:14.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14682" CreationDate="2015-12-22T10:48:03.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Ripal Patel had provided best solution in addition to that you should be good at concept of &quot;Test Plan, Test Suite, Black Box Testing, Test Cases&quot; all these things, refer this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/SmartBear-Mobile-Testing-Checklist-V2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; it will help you to create Test Scenarion and Test cases for Mobile App&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T10:48:03.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16096" CreationDate="2015-12-22T11:21:48.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit Testing:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ldra.com/en/software-quality-test-tools/group/by-software-life-cycle/unit-system-integration-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ldra.com/en/software-quality-test-tools/group/by-software-life-cycle/unit-system-integration-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI Testing: Ranorex GUI automation projects are easily integrated into existing development environments, thus allowing to extend continuous integration processes with Ranorex UI testing. Additionally, straightforward report generation helps to reduce debugging time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T11:21:48.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16216" CreationDate="2015-12-22T11:25:41.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned in the forum post, LoadRunner captures any form based file uploads as &lt;code&gt;web_submit_data&lt;/code&gt; with the file name (and location) within the list of data within the request. An example request:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; web_submit_data(&quot;FileUpload&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Action={URL}&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Method=POST&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;EncType=multipart/form-data&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;TargetFrame=&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;,&#xA;    ITEMDATA,&#xA;    &quot;Name=File&quot;, &quot;Value=C:\\testdata\\readme1.txt&quot;, &quot;File=yes&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;    LAST);[enter link description here][1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-23T08:30:23.350" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T08:30:23.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16199" CreationDate="2015-12-22T11:36:10.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Go to Settings &gt; About phone &gt; Battery Usage &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The top battery drainers:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mobile apps are going to use battery, but some take it to the next level, and there is a common thread between those specific apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Power-saver modes:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check power saving mode in your mobile friends or foe..?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Low battery Performance:&#xA;Mobile app development and testing teams must also be aware of how an app performs on devices that do not throttle battery use when the tank is running on empty.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T11:36:10.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16174" CreationDate="2015-12-22T11:48:53.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create folder structure in Test Lab (most of the time same as in&#xA;Test Plan but not necessary) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now Pull the corresponding test cases from Test Plan to Test Lab&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5UN9O.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5UN9O.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this article you are going to learn how to create folder structure in Test lab and Mapping or pulling test cases from Test Plan to Test Lab.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T11:48:53.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16088" CreationDate="2015-12-22T12:12:28.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check your battery status for iOS: Go to Settings → General → Usage Usage. Under the section at the top labeled   Battery, tap Battery Usage. Check usage and stand by status in that you can view last charger time and remaining percentage. &#xA;iPhone 5s battery life 10h 57m 24s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check your battery status for Android:&#xA;The apps home screen gives an adequate quick-glance overview of battery usage according to category: phone calls, screen time, WiFi activity, etc. With the App Sucker, however, you can get a more detailed breakdown of CPU usage, including all details.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T12:12:28.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16222" CreationDate="2015-12-22T13:33:08.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I need a set of broad guidelines that my company can use to generate&#xA;  test estimates around these general principles&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of trying to come up with magic formula factors, it would better to use historical estimates and actuals, tempered by smart people using their intelligence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find a past project that is similar to the new project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about the factors that could make this project different, and how they apply to this new context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask the people who will actually be charged with carrying out the work what they think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then make your estimate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Too often, we crank projects through a guesstimation machine, then decide that the number is too high. We make up a number we think will sell, and hand over an untenable situation to the testers. Then we wonder why they can't hit the targets and become demoralized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/01/estimation-guesstimation-and.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2011/01/estimation-guesstimation-and.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2015-12-22T22:03:00.790" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T22:03:00.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16222" CreationDate="2015-12-22T13:45:10.243" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short version:&lt;/strong&gt; If possible go through your organization history and look at total test time for each project and total development time for each project. From this you can calculate the average and typical dev/test ratios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The long version:&lt;/strong&gt; It depends on the organization, the development methodology in use, and many other factors including how much legacy code is grandfathered into the application(s) the organization maintains and builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are a number of techniques that help to generate broad heuristics for first-pass test time estimates:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Historical Time Taken&lt;/strong&gt; - As a rule, the typical dev/test time ratio in an organization is relatively stable. There will always be projects that fall outside the norms, but if you can data mine to retrieve actual dev time vs actual test time per project, the outliers become obvious.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it a Typical Project&lt;/strong&gt; - A development project that is typical of the organization's projects is usually going to have an actual dev time vs test time ratio close to the organization's historical norm (if in your organization it's normal for testing to take about 1/2 the time development takes, then new projects that don't require anything unusual in dev or test will probably require testing to take about 1/2 the time development takes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are There External Dependencies&lt;/strong&gt; - In my experience any dependencies outside the project team's control will increase the amount of test time required and increase the proportion of test time required. Most of this time will involve trying to determine whether that bug is with the third party software or your software (again, my experience only).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Potential Regression Impact&lt;/strong&gt; - Any new feature has the potential to cause regression, but in large, complex applications, particularly applications with a lot of legacy code, there will be areas of the system that are more fragile than others. If the projects interacts with these, test time should increase by at least 50% (more if there is no automated regression around that part of the system). In extreme cases I've seen test time be estimated as much as 300 - 500% of development time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How Automatable Is It&lt;/strong&gt; - As a general rule new features should be added to automated regression, and the time required for this factored in to the estimates (in my experience this be can anything up to 100% of development time to the test effort depending on how well the automation is designed - I've added new feature support to automated regression with as little as an additional 10% of developer effort where it was a case of plugging in a new routine to handle the new flow, updating a few case statements, and adding some data to the test driver files and baseline files. I've also had to build completely new automated regression handling to cover gaps. The former takes a lot less time).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does the Organization Include Automation Time&lt;/strong&gt; - This is a big one. If the organization is unwilling to include time to update test automation to cover the new functionality, the ratio will be lower, but the maintenance and manual regression time in the future will be much higher and there's a significant risk of increasing issues with technical debt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T13:45:10.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10225" CreationDate="2015-12-22T19:32:58.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sosy-lab.org/~dbeyer/CCVisu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CCVisu&lt;/a&gt; was designed to vizualize clustering in graphs, and in particular to detect files in a repository that tend to be modified together. It was applied to Mozilla's mail component; you can find an example graph in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sosy-lab.org/~dbeyer/CCVisu/manual/main.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;manual&lt;/a&gt; and in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://svn.sosy-lab.org/software/ccvisu/trunk/examples/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;examples&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;code&gt;mozilla-mailnews.log&lt;/code&gt; is the input, and I expect the most useful output is &lt;a href=&quot;https://svn.sosy-lab.org/software/ccvisu/trunk/examples/mozilla-mailnews.svg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SVG&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CCVisu is a bit dated and only supports CVS and Subversion as version control systems. It also supports RSF, which is easy to generate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;git log --format=format: --name-only | tr -s '\n' |&#xA;awk '{if (/^$/) n++; else print &quot;CCG\t&quot; n &quot;\t&quot; $0}' &amp;gt;my-cochange.rsf&#xA;ccvisu.sh -inFormat RSF -i my-cochange.rsf -outFormat SVG -o my-cochange.svg&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="534" LastActivityDate="2015-12-22T19:32:58.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2015-12-23T00:19:49.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getzephyr.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Zephyr&lt;/a&gt; has a feature called a ZBot that acts as a execution proxy to run your tests, triggered from &quot;planned unit test&quot; phases in the Zephyr UI.   We implemented a Spring-MVC REST web-service test runner and a user in Zephyr can click a &quot;execute&quot; button on a testcase, and it sends the command through the ZBot and calls our web service to run the tests.  Does exactly what is asked by the PO.   Also, the web-service responds with a JSON packet containing information on where the URL to the test report is and the video of the test sot that Zephyr UI is able to display the results.   Also, Zephyr has its own reporting feature for these tests that gives you an aggregate view of the results of your testing cycles and phases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T00:19:49.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15297" CreationDate="2015-12-23T00:23:59.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What your looking for is a &quot;Selenium plugin&quot; for your IDE.  I don't think such a thing exists.   &lt;strong&gt;All you get is the default &quot;intellisense&quot; documentation.&lt;/strong&gt;  There is no way you can get more than that without a native IDE plugin integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best thing you can do is just reference the official online Javadoc for Selenium  and/or create your own javadoc HTML page for your own Selenium project's classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2015-12-23T17:50:33.187" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T17:50:33.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16217" CreationDate="2015-12-23T00:34:37.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are geting a pop-up window that shows a progress bar, you really need to do a driver.switchTo(windowHandle) to switch to that window and monitor the progress bar.   Then, when the popup is done (or automatically closes) make sure you switch back to the main window handle.   I think that is why it appears your Selenium can't do anything, because it is trying to act on the wrong window handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T00:34:37.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16201" CreationDate="2015-12-23T00:38:33.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something like this might help you.   I think this explains why the .findElement did not return an exception; its because .findElements will never return an exception, but instead will return an empty list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.slf4j.Logger;&#xA;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;&#xA;...&#xA;private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ThisTestClass.class);&#xA;...&#xA;public Boolean dropBoxTest(WebDriver driver, String userQuery) &#xA;{ &#xA;   try {&#xA;       By ul = By.xpath(&quot;.//div[@id='Panel']/span[2]/ul&quot;);&#xA;       By li = By .xpath(&quot;.//li&quot;);&#xA;       By chained = new ByChained(ul, li);&#xA;       List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; dropbox = driver.findElements(chained); &#xA;       if (!dropbox.isEmpty()) {    &#xA;         flag = Boolean.FALSE; &#xA;       }&#xA;       return Boolean.TRUE;&#xA;   } catch (WebDriverException wde) { &#xA;       LOGGER.info(&quot;Error finding element &quot; + chained, wde);&#xA;       return Boolean.FALSE;&#xA;   } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, look into using Selenide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="1857" LastEditDate="2015-12-23T00:44:02.390" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T00:44:02.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15832" CreationDate="2015-12-23T00:49:57.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you use this dependency in your code?   I wonder if using this dependency might help?   Yes, use phantomjsdriver 1.2.1 with phantomjs binary 2.0.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.codeborne&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;phantomjsdriver&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T00:49:57.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16214" CreationDate="2015-12-23T04:04:54.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is a way to list URLs, you can change the &lt;code&gt;By.tagName&lt;/code&gt; to your required selector like &lt;code&gt;By.id&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = FirefoxDriver();   &#xA;driver.get(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;)); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11160" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T04:04:54.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16189" CreationDate="2015-12-23T05:16:53.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286726.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Use UI Automation To Test Your Code&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;follow this steps using link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a Coded UI Test project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a coded UI test file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record a sequence of actions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the values in UI fields such as text boxes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View the generated test code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add more actions and assertions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T05:16:53.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15887" CreationDate="2015-12-23T06:04:01.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Incident Report: detailing, for any test that failed, the actual versus expected result, and other information intended to throw light on why a test has failed. This document is deliberately named as an incident report, and not a fault report. The reason is that a discrepancy between expected and actual results can occur for a number of reasons other than a fault in the system. These include the expected results being wrong, the test being run wrongly, or inconsistency in the requirements meaning that more than one interpretation could be made. The report consists of all details of the incident such as actual and expected results, when it failed, and any supporting evidence that will help in its resolution. The report will also include, if possible, an assessment of the impact upon testing of an incident.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T06:04:01.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16189" CreationDate="2015-12-23T09:30:50.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;TestContext&lt;/code&gt; object within a Coded UI test has a number of members with &lt;code&gt;Directory&lt;/code&gt; in their name allowing access to various directories while the test is running. Hence the complex &lt;code&gt;Directory.GetParent ...&lt;/code&gt; should not be necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23469100/how-to-run-a-test-many-times-with-data-read-from-csv-file-data-driving/25742114#25742114&quot;&gt;This answer&lt;/a&gt; has some notes on how to data drive Coded UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several ways of deploying files for a test. They include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding the file to the solution and setting its properties for deployment, as shown &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23469100/how-to-run-a-test-many-times-with-data-read-from-csv-file-data-driving/25742114#25742114&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;.testsettings&lt;/code&gt; file has a &lt;code&gt;Deployment&lt;/code&gt; section.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;.testsettings&lt;/code&gt; file has a &lt;code&gt;Setup and cleanup scripts&lt;/code&gt; section that allows batch files (etc) to be called. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An attribute in the source code. This method is mentioned in the question.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something from these deployment methods should allow your file to be copied as required for your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T09:30:50.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16250" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-23T11:40:25.187" Score="1" ViewCount="1693" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following HTML code is for clicking a button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;button id=&quot;listbtn&quot; class=&quot;btn btn-info&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; name=&quot;listbtn&quot;&amp;gt;Create&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have tried the following locators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Create&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;// driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;listbtn&quot;)).submit();&#xA;//driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;listbtn&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;//driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;btn btn-info&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;//driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='listbtn']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;//driver.findElement(By.xpath((&quot;td[class='btn btn-info'][value='Create']&quot;))).click();&#xA;&#xA;//driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Cancel&quot;)).click();&#xA;//WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='listbtn']&quot;));&#xA;//driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='listbtn']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when clicking run, it shows invalid locator -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The following is the error exception Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.InvalidSelectorException:&#xA;The given selector btn btn-info is either invalid or does not result in a WebElement. &#xA;The following error occurred: InvalidSelectorError: Compound class names not permitted&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 24 milliseconds For documentation on this error, please visit: &#xA;seleniumhq.org/exceptions/invalid_selector_exception.html&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15777" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T10:58:18.117" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T07:58:48.513" Title="How to find an anchor with a button in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16250" CreationDate="2015-12-23T16:30:37.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use CSS selectors, thus it would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;a button[id='listbtn']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2015-12-23T16:30:37.717" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16252" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-23T18:38:03.387" Score="5" ViewCount="1705" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should a single use case with multiple validations be separated into multiple test cases? For example, let's say the use case is a customer updates their user name. This name change will be visible in the account header, profile details, and messaging center. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would you have 1 test case with multiple validation steps(header, profile, and message center) or would you have 3 test cases(one for each validation)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15781" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T09:35:20.933" Title="Should a single test execution with multiple validations be separated into multiple test cases?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-24T01:06:40.313" Score="5" ViewCount="447" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using a different style of Automation framework in our project (as per client request) wherein we have designed a JSP page and this page contains links and buttons through which each functionality of our application can be accessed (say on the JSP I select 'Purchase' it will open browser whichever is intended and runs a test to verify that functionality). We are using Tomcat server for deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my question is if I introduce Selenium Grid setup into the mix (again as requested by client), is it sufficient that I run my Tomcat server on the Hub and I can access my JSP on all the nodes connected?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T05:23:13.673" LastActivityDate="2020-12-08T12:04:30.613" Title="Tomcat Server when used amongst Selenium Grid setup" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16252" CreationDate="2015-12-24T06:15:35.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the number of steps required to verify header/profile etc. are not too many then I should keep it in the same test. Otherwise, I prefer separate test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also, I will look at refactoring the tests so that the 'user name change' test becomes part of tests related to header/profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8250" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T06:15:35.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16257" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-24T06:48:20.003" Score="1" ViewCount="20183" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to select the item from dropdown in selenium webdriver using java, but not able to select it. Its showing element not found exception and in html tag drop down is hidden.&#xA;html code are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  div style=&quot;width:49%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;select id=&quot;menu_id&quot; class=&quot;select-block&quot; onchange=&quot;showSubmenu(this.value);&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Select Category&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;CASINO&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;ACCOMMODATIONS&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;DINING&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;4&quot;&amp;gt;ENTERTAINMENT &amp;amp; EVENTS&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;SPA &amp;amp; FITNESS&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;8&quot;&amp;gt;GOLF &amp;amp; SPORTS&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;9&quot;&amp;gt;MEETING, WEDDINGS &amp;amp; GROUPS&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;10&quot;&amp;gt;PACKAGES&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option value=&quot;11&quot;&amp;gt;NIGHTLIFE &amp;amp; LOUNGES&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;btn-group select select-block&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;dropdown-arrow dropdown-arrow-inverse&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button id=&quot;menu_id&quot; class=&quot;btn dropdown-toggle clearfix btn-primary&quot; data-toggle=&quot;dropdown&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;filter-option pull-left&quot;&amp;gt;Select Category&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;caret&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;dropdown-menu dropdown-inverse&quot; role=&quot;menu&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;selected&quot; rel=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;&quot; href=&quot;#&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;4&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;6&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;7&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;8&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;9&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These is the script I'm using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;submenu=topbanner.getSelectSubMenuLink(); &#xA;&#xA;Select se1=new Select(submenu); &#xA;&#xA;se1.selectByIndex(1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above code I am using object repository concept and path I have written under findby keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(xpath=&quot;//select[@id='menu_id']&quot;);&#xA; private WebElement selSubMenuLink;&#xA; public WebElement getSelectSubMenuLink() &#xA;&#xA;{ &#xA;  return selectSubMenuLink; &#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15308" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T03:29:19.227" LastActivityDate="2019-06-07T13:46:19.693" Title="How to select hidden dropdown list in selenium webdriver with java?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16254" CreationDate="2015-12-24T09:17:42.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your jsp/tomcat server is basically another webpage/webapp.  As such, as long as it it accessible from all the nodes, there is no need to duplicate it.  This setup will mean you will need to put extra thought into your window switching as it will be used repeatedly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T09:17:42.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16252" CreationDate="2015-12-24T10:00:59.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask yourself what happens is one of three tests fails, in theory the test will be marked as &quot;Not passed&quot;. If you extend this approach to the whole test plan it will not be simple to quickly identify failures because you need to read failed cases one by one. Finally, based on my experience I would not collect two or more verifications on a single case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T10:00:59.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16252" CreationDate="2015-12-24T10:06:08.053" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When possible it is generally a good idea to break out the different assertions into separate cases even though they will repeat the same setup/teardown.  The reason is that when one of the assertions fail you want to know that specifically, with text that describes the test and the specific assertion and if bundled together with other assertions, that may not be obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, after trying to create a new record incorrectly you want to assert:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no new record&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a failure message on the screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The failure message is colored red&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is not a success message on the screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the test failed at assertion 1, should the other assertions be run?  Should they all be reported on as failures?  If all three assertions fail will it be clear what the underlying problem is?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Having the 4 assertions together makes answering these questions harder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the example you reference it might happen that (only) one of the places where the information is shown is changed, so having a separate test that says exactly where each check is will be more informative when it fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have multiple expectations you should also see if your test framework allows you to share setup between multiple test cases.  If it does then these can just be separate test cases that are sharing a common setup in the setup - execute - teardown process for each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some test frameworks will also exit on the first assertion failure so if there are relevant failures for different reasons these will not be identified until the initial failure is fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some frameworks allow the assertions to be grouped together, sharing setup, with output showing more information on the grouping that is used and the specific assertions that fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-25T12:30:05.050" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T12:30:05.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16252" CreationDate="2015-12-24T10:12:49.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For scenario you mentioned, Its better if we prefer 1 test case with multiple validation because there are not too many validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are expecting more validation for user name changes in future, then you should separate it out in different test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T10:12:49.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15765" CreationDate="2015-12-24T10:24:31.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use selenium and Java combination for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a Script which will read all the data from website.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Java POI API for reading data from excel, use this link for help &lt;a href=&quot;http://viralpatel.net/blogs/java-read-write-excel-file-apache-poi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://viralpatel.net/blogs/java-read-write-excel-file-apache-poi/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare the data taken from selenium with excel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-01-10T07:27:17.667" LastActivityDate="2016-01-10T07:27:17.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14446" CreationDate="2015-12-24T10:36:19.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find an frame and then switch to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement frame = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;lt;your frame xpath&amp;gt;));&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(frame);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T10:36:19.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16213" CreationDate="2015-12-24T10:48:47.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you have to switch to &lt;code&gt;MasterPass_frame&lt;/code&gt; and then &lt;code&gt;MasterPass_wallet_frame&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//iframe[@id='MasterPass_frame']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//iframe[@id='MasterPass_wallet_frame']&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then try finding elements of login form and insert values in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T10:48:47.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9434" CreationDate="2015-12-24T11:06:54.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you create a drop down using HTML &lt;code&gt;ul&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt; tags, then to access the drop down list, First you have click on Drop down box then try finding &quot;Facial&quot; element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T11:06:54.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12702" CreationDate="2015-12-24T11:17:06.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using below code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@class='btn btn-sm blue']&quot;));&#xA;button.click(); // Click on button or any other action which you want to perform on button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2015-12-24T11:17:06.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16267" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18649" CreationDate="2015-12-24T15:23:04.603" Score="4" ViewCount="5986" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to integrate Test Link (version 1.9.14) with my JIRA cloud instance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was earlier using the JIRA (interface- SOAP) to connect with JIRA, but wasn't successful, because JIRA, has deprecated SOAP interface after version 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I tried to configure using JIRA (interface- REST)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My configuration file is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;issuetracker&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;username&amp;gt;my_username&amp;lt;/username&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;password&amp;gt;my_password&amp;lt;/password&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;uribase&amp;gt;https://myjirainstance.atlassian.net/&amp;lt;/uribase&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;!-- CRITIC - WITH HTTP getIssue() DOES NOT WORK --&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;uriapi&amp;gt;https://myjirainstance.atlassian.net/rest/api/latest/&amp;lt;/uriapi&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;uriview&amp;gt;https://myjirainstance.atlassian.net/browse/&amp;lt;/uriview&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;userinteraction&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/userinteraction&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- 1: User will be able to manage following attributes from GUI --&amp;gt;  &#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Issue Type, Issue Priority, Affects Versions, Components --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- 0: values for attributes will be taken FROM this config XML from  GUI --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Configure This if you want be able TO CREATE ISSUES --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;projectkey&amp;gt;MYS&amp;lt;/projectkey&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;issuetype&amp;gt;10004&amp;lt;/issuetype&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/issuetracker&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After saving, I am seeing that the connection is still showing to be &lt;code&gt;KO&lt;/code&gt; (not connected). &#xA;The weird thing - I cannot see any error messages in the Events Logs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to check if my REST URI is correct, using SOAP-UI, . I used the URI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;https://myjirainstance.atlassian.net/rest/api/latest/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it returned a 404 error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone tried this linking before? If so, what am I doing wrong in the configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2016-01-05T19:15:44.410" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T11:43:31.077" Title="Integrating JIRA with Test Link using REST Interface" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16269" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-25T05:20:22.593" Score="0" ViewCount="4533" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read and heard from many peple that Selenium is used by many people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know if there is a better tool than Selenium in relation to open source?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9176" LastEditorUserId="8852" LastEditDate="2015-12-26T21:42:53.980" LastActivityDate="2015-12-26T21:42:53.980" Title="Are there GUI test tool better than Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-12-28T09:42:20.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16270" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-25T15:00:24.883" Score="1" ViewCount="9649" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work on manual/functional testing of a Banking/Payment web application. This application allows cash transfers from many different savings/checking accounts to a central account which corporation use to improve cash flow and liquidity. I can test simple scenario's like ACID principle of Database transactions must be followed. Front end is built in Asp.NET MVC and SQL Server 2012 is used in back-end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am having problem with generating out of the box test ideas/scenarios. I am good at testing positive use cases but dont think from different angles.My focus is not on test automation/api testing but on core functional testing. A customer can create/delete/update profiles(accounts) and can do a lot of other things. Please help in devising a test strategy for testing a Payment gateway, so that i can do more negative testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15798" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T18:15:45.103" Title="Test Ideas for testing a Payment/Banking Application?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-28T18:09:11.307" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16270" CreationDate="2015-12-25T16:44:52.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Banking Applications&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Banking applications are one of the most complex websites, from a testers point of view. They :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have loads of functionality (Money Transfers, Credit cards, Reports, Billing, Payments)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Large Scale Integration- of the various functional modules listed above&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complex Business Workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real time processing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;High rate of transactions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transactions that should be ultra-secure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tons of reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need a massive storage system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should be prone to disaster&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, when you say, that you want to devise a testing strategy, for a banking application, you need to keep the above points in mind and then design your tests and testing strategy accordingly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When talking about a banking application, a testing strategy should, include end-to-end testing methodology, involving multiple software testing techniques. Your testing strategy should ensure that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Total coverage of all banking workflows and business requirements is achieved.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key aspects like Security and Functional testing should assigned top most priority&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data integrity is maintained&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;User Acceptance/Experience should be good.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keeping in mind, all the above core points, I would, hypothetically device  testing scenarios that would include and cover the following testing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database Processing/Storage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Acceptance and User Experience &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you have to go further down in the listed types (and these are not limited to this in any way), and design your test cases, to ensure the points mentioned above are covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This link by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/banking-application-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guru99&lt;/a&gt; website has a good number of scenarios listed for login in a banking application. You can take a reference from this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another good read is &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.aspiresys.com/testing/top-5-aspects-to-consider-when-testing-financial-applications/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Payment Gateways&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our very own and beloved &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/422/kate-paulk&quot;&gt;Kate Paulk&lt;/a&gt;, has written a well explained post here : &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/11938/payment-gateways-checklist&quot;&gt;Payment gateways checklist&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be enough to answer your queries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T16:50:05.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16270" CreationDate="2015-12-25T18:03:44.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;This application allows cash transfers from many different savings/checking accounts to a central account which corporation use to improve cash flow and liquidity&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;and&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;A customer can create/delete/update profiles(accounts) and can do a lot of other things&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would make sure you have test cases that check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Account identifiers are for valid accounts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From and two accounts/users are not suspended&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is enough funds in the from account&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transfer amount is numeric with up to 2 decimals for cents&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transfer amount is positive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transfer amount is reasonable, e.g. &amp;lt; $1 million&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Differences based on which account the transfer is from are correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sum of the two transactions (debit and credit) is zero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple 'from' accounts can be specified if this is a requirement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Date used for the transaction is valid and correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any relevant user or job ids are recorded for the transfer correctly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any transfer code used can be seen in the audit trail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can create a profile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can't create an admin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can update a profile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can't update another customers profile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can delete a profile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can't delete another customers profile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can't view another customers profile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can do a lot of other things&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An admin can create an admin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An admin can view any profile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An admin can view transfers between any accounts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An admin can suspend any account&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is a sufficiently detailed audit trail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transfer is allowable under federal law limiting the number of such transactions per month&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-25T18:15:45.103" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T18:15:45.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16269" CreationDate="2015-12-25T19:46:23.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is an industry standard for web GUI. But desktop GUI automation is almost an untilled field. There are several disparate tools that are able to deal with few types of GUI. I know only one cross-platform open source project for GUI testing based on accessibility technologies (therefore text-based): it's &lt;a href=&quot;http://ldtp.freedesktop.org/wiki/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LDTP&lt;/a&gt;. But in my mind the interface is really ugly. That's why LDTP is not so popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Really nice tools are not cross-platform. &lt;a href=&quot;http://pywinauto.github.io/docs/#some-similar-tools-for-comparison&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;One of the docs&lt;/a&gt; point to some of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Python tools&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;pywinauto (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pywinauto/pywinauto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/pywinauto/pywinauto&lt;/a&gt;) is a very pythonic tool but it can manipulate only native GUIs on Windows (UI Automation API support is on the way)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;PyAutoGui (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/asweigart/pyautogui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/asweigart/pyautogui&lt;/a&gt;) - it’s&#xA;  a cross-platform but there is no windows/controls manipulation at all.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;AXUI (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/xcgspring/AXUI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/xcgspring/AXUI&lt;/a&gt;) - this is one of the wrappers&#xA;  around UI Automation API.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;winGuiAuto&#xA;  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/archives/winGuiAuto.py.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/archives/winGuiAuto.py.html&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;  another module using Win32 API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Other scripting language tools&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Perl Win32::GuiTest (&lt;a href=&quot;http://winguitest.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://winguitest.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ruby Win32-Autogui&#xA;  (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robertwahler/win32-autogui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/robertwahler/win32-autogui&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ruby RAutomation&#xA;  (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jarmo/RAutomation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/jarmo/RAutomation&lt;/a&gt;) - there are 3 adapters: Win32&#xA;  API, UIA, AutoIt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;C# Winium.Desktop&#xA;  (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/2gis/Winium.Desktop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/2gis/Winium.Desktop&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;others&#xA;  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/functional.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/functional.php&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h3&gt;Other free tools&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;AutoIt (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.autoitscript.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.autoitscript.com/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;See collection at:&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/atinfo/awesome-test-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/atinfo/awesome-test-automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some tools use Machine Learning algorithms to find the elements on the screen by gold picture matching (Sikuli, PyAutoGUI), but they are still not reliable enough and can be chosen if you really need cross-platform solution or in some complicated cases where accessibility technologies are not available (GTK apps on Windows, for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. I'm trying to keep &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pywinauto/pywinauto/wiki/UI-Automation-tools-ratings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;some tools rating&lt;/a&gt; up-to-date if a popularity on GitHub/SO matters to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11848" LastActivityDate="2015-12-25T19:46:23.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-26T11:51:35.593" Score="1" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have to inspect element 8. When click the element 8 on webpage.It should redirects to next page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;text_overflow-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a targrt=&quot;_parent();&quot; href=&quot;subscriberall.php?key=138&quot;&amp;gt;8&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried the following locators&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  //a[@href=&quot;subscriberall.php?key=138&quot;]&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;8&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When run the above code in selenium webdriver. What actually happened means, it inspects element 8. But it doesnot clickable to next page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15777" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-26T12:18:46.740" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T16:32:55.717" Title="Access webelement in Selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-26T22:26:01.403" Score="1" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am a quality engineer and I am working as automation and white box tester. I create automation suite in java and do white box test of java application how can I jump to java or J2ee development whether I have to do any side projects to show my development experience?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15162" LastActivityDate="2015-12-27T05:28:16.783" Title="Want to be a developer" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2015-12-28T12:50:38.053" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16275" CreationDate="2015-12-27T05:28:16.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a interesting question. I can share my route of becoming Dev from QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For a product two things are important - Functional Knowledge &amp;amp; Technical Expertise. After working couple of years I become subject matter expert for my product. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I was looped in for all design discussions. It was mutually beneficial to share technical functional expertise and technical learnings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I wanted to move to DEV, I was asked to focus on some of DEV Skills to ramp up. Also, there was no open position as well at that point &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After working on for couple of months there was opportunity due to attrition in Dev Team. This was a great opportunity with plus for Functional Expertise and focussed learnings for Dev&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It was quite challenging and a great learning in Dev role, I recommend move to DEV within your current project as you would have functional advantage of product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="737" LastActivityDate="2015-12-27T05:28:16.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16277" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-27T12:31:44.010" Score="3" ViewCount="3307" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a black-box tester. Usually whenever a test fails, I write the reason for its failure under 'Actual results' section of the test case and attach a screenshot/image for evidence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when a test case has passed I just attach the screenshot and mark it done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it the correct practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15806" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:59:08.617" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:59:08.617" Title="Should I fill 'Actual Results' section when a Test cases is pass?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-27T12:37:02.420" Score="1" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just started working as a manual/black-box tester in a QA team. I am currently learning about testing techniques/practices from others. What are some good resources which i can use to make a good foundation in software testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please link reference material including websites , blogs, free courses etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15806" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:09:55.117" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:09:55.117" Title="What are some best resources of self study for a beginner black-box tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2015-12-27T13:07:13.847" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="726" CreationDate="2015-12-27T12:46:21.170" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the primary benefit is that they can&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Join the development conversation and help improve the product&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with the developers and talk about technical terms and understand them when heard.  Although I often prefer black-box testing (not knowing the internals), I find that understanding the tech setup is a key skill.  When something breaks a tester with a technical background will be more equipped to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;find the transaction(s) in the log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;understand the details of the log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be able to query the database for related data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;join in code reviews for quality code and tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be able to write new tests and update existing ones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;know the concept of happy, sad and optional test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have the respect of the developers as a first class citizen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be able to read the code itself where the issue is occurring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be able to read the tests and understand what they are doing wrong&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;provide guidance on good coding practices and why they matter over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;fyi, I was a developer for 20 years then became a Quality Engineer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-01-05T12:06:43.097" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T12:06:43.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16277" CreationDate="2015-12-27T12:53:56.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well if the test case is passing, then what is the need to specify any reason. However, you may enter comments in the section mentioned, as &quot; &lt;strong&gt;the test case met the expected results&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I am trying to test a login, with a valid username and valid password, and the test case passes, then I can mark it as passed, and mention in comments as : &quot;&lt;strong&gt;The test case met the expected results. A user with valid username and password is able to login&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-12-27T12:53:56.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1900" CreationDate="2015-12-27T13:46:20.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My roadmap is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the ticket (feature/chore/bug) workflow and how does QA fit in?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have QA present at grooming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have QA present at the daily standup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a step for QA to pair with developers on tests plans before development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a step for QA to sign off on tickets before considered complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define how QA record bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define how are bugs triaged&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define how QA interact with the product manager and with customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determine the human resourcing plan and ratio of devs to QAs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow the book &quot;&lt;em&gt;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Non-Agile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How detailed are the specifications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How regulated is the environment and what are the quality requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I have a good sense for all the above I would move to focus more generally on how to build a good development team using resources such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.6fusion.com/2013/05/31/how-to-build-a-kick-ass-development-team/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.6fusion.com/2013/05/31/how-to-build-a-kick-ass-development-team/&lt;/a&gt; which focuses on empowerment and trust. Also, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/agile/teams/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.atlassian.com/agile/teams/&lt;/a&gt; for a focus on trust and good engineering practices.  See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/articles/coding-culture&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.infoq.com/articles/coding-culture&lt;/a&gt; for more focus on the people and the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:25:40.937" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:25:40.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16277" CreationDate="2015-12-28T00:22:46.523" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say no.  Your tests Should be written with an expected true/false criteria.  As such a pass says all it needs to say.  If there is a &quot;but&quot; or a &quot;only when&quot; then i would suggest you add new tests to cover those scenarios and improve your coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One caveat to this is if you need to add the screenshot to Prove you carried out the test, but that points to bigger trust issues..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T00:22:46.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16277" CreationDate="2015-12-28T07:26:08.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good practice would be to include an &quot;Expected result&quot; field to every test case so that you can define the goal of the test case just once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Defining the &quot;Expected result&quot; is useful also because it allows you to better separate cases when the result of the same action could be different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said when a test case passes you can just flag it as successful and the final result of the case will be implicit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T07:26:08.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16284" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-28T07:54:15.283" Score="1" ViewCount="224" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some heuristics to generate test scenarios to test a web application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand how test scenarios are different from test cases or how to use heuristics to generate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15811" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T13:56:45.307" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T13:56:45.307" Title="Heuristics for creating complex test scenarios?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16284" CreationDate="2015-12-28T13:19:32.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's how I look at test scenarios and test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case&lt;/strong&gt; - small, self-contained, tests precisely one thing (the thing can be a system action such as &quot;log on with correct credentials&quot; and may or may not have a number of implicit requirements, prerequisites, or steps)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario&lt;/strong&gt; - sequence of related test cases performing an end-to-end test of a system function. An example using the log on test case above could be:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log on with correct credentials (user has sysadmin rights)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to user management module (implicit requirement: this test case will fail if the sysadmin rights are not applied to the user)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add new user X with predefined user profile Y (implicit requirements: the profile for the new user has been defined as part of system setup)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log on as user X.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the list of available modules matches the expect list of available modules.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My heuristics for generating test scenarios are pretty basic: I look at user patterns, common end-to-end tasks, and so forth. From that and the possible configuration options, I can generate an endless list of potential test scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples of the heuristics I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Common tasks for each available privilege level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Common tasks for each common configuration set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reported bug clusters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implicit requirements/prerequisites (i.e. in order to do X, I need to have done Y)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User patterns (e.g. power users work almost entirely through keyboard shortcuts, so generate scenarios where all the navigation and functionality is triggered by keyboard shortcuts)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't need anything more complex than this because these kinds of heuristics will generate complex scenarios once I start using different combinations of possible options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T13:19:32.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16277" CreationDate="2015-12-28T15:16:01.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you blackbox test is for validation to comply with contract,industry standard etc&#xA;it has to be very formal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Date and initial on every page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sign on the last page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Attach test log if it is an automated test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Provide screenshot only if necessary, try an automated test with log&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failed Test will not be accepted in this case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15784" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2015-12-28T15:16:01.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16288" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-29T05:15:21.610" Score="1" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any tools similar to firebug/firepath that i can use to test the locators on the internet explorer browser? &#xA;I was running an xpath which works in firefox but fails in IE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15819" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T12:47:58.113" Title="What are the debug tools that i can use for GUI Automation on Internet Explorer?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16293" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-29T10:15:08.053" Score="3" ViewCount="7592" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can we maintain Selenium scripts when the application changes? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, how do we define and manage automation to keep it up to date with changes in the application being tested?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15824" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-27T07:38:06.087" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T07:40:40.770" Title="How should automation maintenance be handled? (Selenium)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16293" CreationDate="2015-12-29T10:41:35.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As if your question is much unclear to me, from my understandings if you are using selenium web driver then there are a lot of automation frameworks available to maintain the selenium scripts. One of them is Page Object Model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The chief problem with script maintenance is that if 10 different scripts are using the same page element, with any change in that element, you need to change all 10 scripts. This is time consuming and error prone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A better approach to script maintenance is to create a separate class file which would find web elements, fill them or verify them. This class can be reused in all the scripts using that element. In future if there is change in the web element, we need to make change in just 1 class file and not 10 different scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach is called Page Object Model(POM). It helps in making code more readable, maintainable, and reusable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/page-object-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refer this.&lt;/a&gt; Hope it will help you !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-27T07:40:32.077" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T07:40:32.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16293" CreationDate="2015-12-29T11:18:00.327" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;To make your selenium scripts work well with a changing product do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use good css identifers.  Use ID when available.  Avoid layout tags such as &lt;code&gt;TABLE&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;H3&lt;/code&gt;, etc.  Avoid css styling such as &lt;code&gt;.button&lt;/code&gt; that doesn't describe the actual item even if unique on the page in question.  Look for a balance between over-specifying which is an issue with pages that change over time or are dynamically generated by a web application framework, and under-specifying which raises the issue of not identifying the fragment uniquely enough.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a page object model.  Identify your html fragments in one place and give them meaningful names.  Then your tests can actually be readable in an english-like fashion and when a fragment is used in multiple places you will only need to change the definition in one place when that part of the page changes.  Put a lot of time and effort and thinking into how you name objects and mature it over time.  This is one of the toughest parts of automation (and programming in general!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Break out large tests into more smaller tests.  Lots of small tests is generally better than a few large ones.  It is generally easier to maintain them, they are easier to read and when they break it can be clearer as to the actual issue.  You can also choose to run subsets more easily such as smoke tests, fast tests, slow tests. happy tests, sad tests, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work closely with the developers making the changes.  Enable them to run the same selenium tests before they are finished.  Work with them on naming objects and naming standards.  Share tools with them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-29T17:05:13.893" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T17:05:13.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16296" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-29T11:21:33.417" Score="0" ViewCount="1454" Body="&lt;p&gt;I an getting the error while running the script for the default magento checkout. &#xA;The rest of the script is working properly but on checkout getting 403 error.&#xA;I am not getting why it is happening. So anyone can help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T14:59:01.777" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T15:17:55.027" Title="Getting Forbidden error while running the jmeter script" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16293" CreationDate="2015-12-29T12:39:20.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you mean something like version control? Your developers use probably SVN or GIT, so all your tests should be stored there as well. This way you can checkout any old version of the code and the right tests for it will be checked out too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15825" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T12:39:20.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16298" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-29T13:48:51.797" Score="1" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;which domain knowledge other than software engineering can help a tester generate good test ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any books , courses, philosophy, theories , puzzles etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15826" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T16:29:05.143" Title="What material can help a tester generate more and better ideas?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2015-12-31T13:19:32.693" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16298" CreationDate="2015-12-29T16:29:05.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Research and Analyze. Period&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think these two tools are enough for a tester to generate creative ideas. And I would like to give you a simple example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talking of your question, if you would have researched the SQA website well enough, you'd have known that the question put forward by you have been asked multiple times- &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/16140/what-are-some-good-thinking-tools-that-a-tester-can-use-to-generate-ideas?rq=1&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9577/how-to-become-a-more-creative-software-tester?rq=1&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. If you would have used the power of search engine and used these, you probably wouldn't have asked these questions at the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, analyse the various points, links, videos put forward in the above links and I am sure you will benefit out of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : My answer is in no way bashing you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T16:29:05.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16293" CreationDate="2015-12-29T16:35:22.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The same question has been asked multiple times :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/4/building-slow-to-break-regression-tests&quot;&gt;Building &amp;quot;slow to break&amp;quot; regression tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8470/how-can-i-structure-selenium-tests-in-a-way-that-minimises-the-maintenance-work?rq=1&quot;&gt;How can I structure Selenium tests in a way that minimizes the maintenance work?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you to go through both these links because it has loads of ideas and suggestions people have mentioned as to how you can build a properly maintainable test framework. Also I could  think of this particular &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3933/how-do-i-keep-selenium-test-cases-dry?rq=1&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; , which talks about the principle of &lt;strong&gt;DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself)&lt;/strong&gt; to be particularly apt for your scenario. Please go through it as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T16:35:22.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16302" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-29T17:08:23.520" Score="0" ViewCount="704" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for real world test cases to practice on. I have Googled a lot but I cannot find solid, good practice material. E-commerce, hotel-websites is of big interest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15831" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T08:43:16.157" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T09:18:16.537" Title="Where can I find sample/real world test cases?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2015-12-30T12:28:22.293" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16302" CreationDate="2015-12-29T20:26:50.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For some common basic scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User login (e.g. ensuring that the user can login, passwords cannot be obtained, sessions expire, SQL injection is caught and can't cause havoc, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing (e.g. what happens when many users are connected to the site)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chaos testing (e.g. what happens when portions of the site go down, such as the database, parts of the load balancers, etc.; look at tools like ChaosMonkey)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presumably the site has some search functionality, so that needs to be looked as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully these categories will get you going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11580" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T20:26:50.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16306" CreationDate="2015-12-29T20:31:11.230" Score="4" ViewCount="483" Body="&lt;p&gt;Occasionally I'll find a bug that is so minor, so miniscule, so unimportant that I know it will get buried under all the high priority bugs. The bugs I find in the application are things like &quot;The Tab order between two items is reversed&quot; in the face of the occasional &quot;Opening the application twice and spinning around three times counter clockwise will set your computer on fire&quot; bugs. I have a growing backlog of bugs that will never get solved, and there is some work involved not just for me in every &quot;fluff&quot; bug I write, but also for others. My team has to triage the bug, and it has to be considered with every iteration whether it will be picked up to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I understand that such careful scrutiny shows that 1.) I'm paying attention to detail and 2.) I'm testing the application, it doesn't seem from my end like I'm bringing much value to the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I approach bugs like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12795" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T15:24:49.873" Title="How should I approach bugs that I know will never be solved?" Tags="&lt;bug-priority&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16274" CreationDate="2015-12-29T21:09:21.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;NOTE: You should ask your developers to put in a unique id in the page element so that it will be reusable. The attributes you have now will not suffice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually an element is not clickable if you don't associate your page object to the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; tag. So, when your developer adds a unique id into the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; tag (let's say id = unique) then this should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;u a[id='unique']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T21:09:21.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16304" CreationDate="2015-12-29T22:48:52.953" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on your example &quot;fluff&quot; bug, which is not really that fluffy: keep logging small bugs, and do more to convince your team to fix them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=byZmT73R1a8C&amp;amp;lpg=PT10&amp;amp;ots=rOFE8uDUo-&amp;amp;dq=%22minor%20bugs%20are%20worth%20reporting%20and%20fixing%22&amp;amp;pg=PT11#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22minor%20bugs%20are%20worth%20reporting%20and%20fixing%22&amp;amp;f=false&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; addresses this head-on in a page called &quot;Lesson 72: Minor bugs are worth reporting and fixing.&quot; A few key quotes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;they concluded that cheap fixes (of minor bugs) could have prevented over half the technical support calls for this product. [...] Any product can get by with a few minor defects. But as the number increases, customer confidence declines. More disturbing is the corrupting effect of tolerating these bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend reading all of Chapter 4, &quot;Bug Advocacy.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some teams are more wiling than others to go back and do minor bugfixes. Talk to your colleagues individually and figure out who your allies are. If your team can clean up the small bugs on a regular basis, it will significantly improve your product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that remains a struggle, do your best to catch and fix bugs before you sign off on new features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5207" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T22:48:52.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16304" CreationDate="2015-12-29T22:49:12.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is common for some bugs to never be fixed because it's always considered to be more worthwhile for the business to either fix different ones, perform tasks or (most commonly) implement new features to achieve new business objectives and increase revenue.  I experience this myself particularly with old browser bugs that I have to keep testing and seeing and knowing that other devs don't have to see them as they are not exactly testing IE8.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some options are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep them in the backlog and revisit them each week.  This way you spread the pain and increase the likelihood of attention.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make a schedule to fix, say, 1 per month, so they only take a small % of time in comparison to new feature work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix them on technical fix fridays.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have an occasional 'bug fix week' just for fixing old bugs even small ones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put them in the icebox and consider looking at them periodically or occasionally.  or never.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete them and rely on the product owner or the team to remember the little stuff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on educating the team more on good practices and approaches and why to do them and what the aniti-patterns are.  Then tickets that are relevant will then have had the general case made for them up front.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T10:15:29.737" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T10:15:29.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16302" CreationDate="2015-12-29T22:51:56.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In bug reports for similar applications or even your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good bug report should define steps to reproduce the issue and expected test cases, much like a test case. Also, very often bug reports are turned into tests and included into regression test suite. So if the application you're testing has already some bugs reported you can use them to learn and practice how to write test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T09:18:16.537" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T09:18:16.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16274" CreationDate="2015-12-29T23:18:59.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@href=&quot;subscriberall.php?key=138&quot;]&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;8&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could be a variety of reasons why the above locators do not work. I also noticed a typo in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a targrt=&quot;_parent();&quot;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be very advantageous to check your error log from the IDE/Terminal and copy/paste them so we can get a better idea of what specific issue you are having with the locators. If the element cannot be found that could mean the xpath query you wrote above has a dynamic key=XXX which is very brittle. In this case you may want to change it to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//u/a[contains(@href, 'subscriberall.php?key=')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14937" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T23:18:59.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13923" CreationDate="2015-12-29T23:45:20.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This doesn't appear to be a traditional select list. Based on a very similar jQuery dropdown I believe you will first want to click the below element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;dn_chzn&quot;....&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do this with the simple locater below &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;dn_chzn&quot;)).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point the dropdown should be open. The list of options is actually nested in the element I list below, which unfortunately is not expanded in the screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;chzn-drop&quot;....&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once more based on a similar jQuery plugin, an xpath query you could use I have listed below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='chzn-drop']//li[contains(text(),'1001 (2015-04-29 10:49:11)')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Replace the dropdown selection text in the contains() portion of the query with the text of the element you would like to select.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14937" LastActivityDate="2015-12-29T23:45:20.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16257" CreationDate="2015-12-30T01:10:07.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This dropdown select list is linked to the button due to the data-toggle being utilized. In this instance you will actually not want to use the locators for the select list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To open the drop down you will need to click the button that has a linked id with the select list&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button id=&quot;menu_id&quot; class=&quot;btn dropdown-toggle...&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the locator below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@id='menu_id']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unordered list below the button corresponds to each of the select options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li rel=&quot;NUMBER&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This xpath query can be set to select the desired option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@id='menu_id']/..//li[@rel='1']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@id='menu_id']/..//li&quot;)).get(1).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can replace the number in &lt;code&gt;@rel='NUMBER'&lt;/code&gt; with the number of the li tag that is linked to your desired select option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reasoning behind including the &lt;code&gt;@id='menu_id'&lt;/code&gt; within the xpath query instead of just making a direct query is to make it less brittle due the likelihood of other drop downs on the page sharing identical code leaving the id as a unique identifier to latch onto.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14937" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T04:20:09.183" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T04:20:09.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16293" CreationDate="2015-12-30T01:45:38.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is asking, &quot;How do I keep my automation up to date with my app?&quot; There is no easy answer to this.  There are three possible outcomes when the app changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test suite does not require any changes&lt;/strong&gt;.  The app implementation changed but the interface did not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test reports false positives&lt;/strong&gt;.  The test reports a bug but the app is fine.  If someone investigates every test failure, they will presumably update the test to fix the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test reports false negatives&lt;/strong&gt;.  The test passes but the app has bugs.  There is no magical way to find these problems; you need to know the app and the tests well enough to realize that they are out of sync.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default, especially when ownership of a test suite is handed off to someone else, no one worries about false negatives.  Identifying them required reading and understanding the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T01:51:56.503" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T01:51:56.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16313" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16317" CreationDate="2015-12-30T05:43:14.877" Score="0" ViewCount="623" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is if -I write all test scenarios for specific module in one excel sheet with stating number of test cases can be written and another excel sheet for test cases (for specific module) would this approach work well for Agile methodology?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: we were not ready to use any tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T08:24:21.760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T21:02:50.530" Title="Approach to write Test scenarios and Test Cases" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-01-05T05:49:05.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14458" CreationDate="2015-12-30T06:10:04.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Case Format for mobile application and web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case Id (it's unique)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Module Name &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sub-Module Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Case Steps (Numbers or alphabetic like, 1,2,3 or a,b,c)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Case Description &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input Data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation ( check (*) mandatory fields validation and mention it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected Results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual Results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Priority (High, Medium, Low)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Case Status (Pass or Fail)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T06:10:04.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16304" CreationDate="2015-12-30T07:20:57.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;bug may be major or minor need to be fixed ASAP because as a black box testers we don't know the code structure and objects used in it so severity of that bug might be high or low , fixing those minor bugs at release time might produce functional issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you following agile methodology and that bug is out of scope for first iteration the have a word regarding bug with yours seniors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if the bug is minor introduced at release of product keep informed about it, if minor bugs are more in numbers then client or customer wont happy at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T07:20:57.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16304" CreationDate="2015-12-30T07:56:25.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the most important tester's tasks is to find bugs, track them clearly in order to allow developers to reproduce them and set the right priority and severity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I fully understand you concern when you spend hours reporting minor bugs but even finding minuscule issues you are providing value to the product and, as a consequence, to the company. Trust me if I say that when you present a new product to customers even a wrong tab order could be embarrassing if the user tries to move between fields with the TAB key. Tens of minor bugs are really annoying when you use a software on a daily basis and users start thinking to the product as non reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are working on an Agile team you should have a product owner and perform testing sessions on regular basis, that one will be the moment for evaluating all of the new issues and changing the priority of the existing ones if required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T07:56:25.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16313" CreationDate="2015-12-30T08:29:30.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Helping Hands correctly said- Agile doesn't dictates the way or the format in which you write or arrange test cases. But for your greater good, you should have separate excel sheets for different modules (considering the application isn't a huge one with lots of functionality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be a lot easier to manage and execute test cases (manually), following this approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T08:29:30.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16318" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2015-12-30T08:36:08.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test strategy is an outline that describes the testing approach of the software development cycle. It is created to inform project managers, testers, and developers about some key issues of the testing process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T09:45:33.923" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T09:45:33.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16319" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2015-12-30T08:36:08.683" Score="0" Body="A test strategy is an outline that describes the testing approach of the software development cycle. It is created to inform project managers, testers, and developers about some key issues of the testing process." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T09:45:30.907" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T09:45:30.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16321" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-30T10:22:07.577" Score="5" ViewCount="3563" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/#/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt; defines a number of ways to define throughput profile for performance tests. Either through a number of arriving users:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;setUp(&#xA;  scn.inject(&#xA;    nothingFor(4 seconds), // 1&#xA;    atOnceUsers(10), // 2&#xA;    rampUsers(10) over(5 seconds), // 3&#xA;    constantUsersPerSec(20) during(15 seconds), // 4&#xA;    constantUsersPerSec(20) during(15 seconds) randomized, // 5&#xA;    rampUsersPerSec(10) to(20) during(10 minutes), // 6&#xA;    rampUsersPerSec(10) to(20) during(10 minutes) randomized, // 7&#xA;    splitUsers(1000) into(rampUsers(10) over(10 seconds)) separatedBy(10 seconds), // 8&#xA;    splitUsers(1000) into(rampUsers(10) over(10 seconds)) separatedBy(atOnceUsers(30)), // 9&#xA;    heavisideUsers(1000) over(20 seconds) // 10&#xA;    ).protocols(httpConf)&#xA;  )&#xA;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or by limiting a number of requests per second:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;setUp(...).throttle(&#xA;  reachRps(100) in (10 seconds),&#xA;  holdFor(1 minute),&#xA;  jumpToRps(50),&#xA;  holdFor(2 hours)&#xA;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where can I learn how to define a proper throughput profile for my application? What cases should I focus on? I know it might be specific for my application but maybe there some generic introduction for defining throughput?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T10:28:51.623" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T09:13:10.520" Title="How to define throughput profile for performance tests?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;gatling&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16322" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-30T12:19:14.107" Score="0" ViewCount="1217" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using HP Quality Centre, how can I rename test cases in bulk, within a test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15839" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2015-12-30T18:56:49.690" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T19:12:06.977" Title="How can i rename the bulk testcases in testplan in HP Quality Centre?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16313" CreationDate="2015-12-30T14:26:29.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The very idea of agile is that you have to find out &lt;em&gt;what works best for you&lt;/em&gt;. If you follow a rule written by anyone external to the project without at least questioning it, then you're not agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that spirit, I'd say that if a sheet becomes too big(read : you begin to feel it's huge when you work with it)n then it's time to split the sheet. And if you begin to split by module, then do it fully for staying consistent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T14:26:29.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16296" CreationDate="2015-12-30T15:17:55.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;HTTP Response code 403 stands for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_403&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forbidden&lt;/a&gt;, the most likely your login attempt did not succeeded or application expects some parameter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener and inspect requests and responses to detect if they match your expectations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For successful logging into a Magento application you need the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you add &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cookie-manager-jmeter-not-cookie-jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you extract &lt;code&gt;form_key&lt;/code&gt; parameter from the first response and pass it with the next request. It can be done with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSS/JQuery_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSS/JQuery Extractor&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, &quot;good&quot; CSS/JQuery Extractor configuration to get &lt;code&gt;form_key&lt;/code&gt; value will look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2uGCO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2uGCO.png&quot; alt=&quot;Magento form_key&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer extracted value as &lt;code&gt;${FORM_KEY}&lt;/code&gt; where required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T15:17:55.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13517" CreationDate="2015-12-30T16:33:47.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend knowing WebDriver fairly well and the basics of the template side of AngularJS before learning Protractor. I think a really good course for learning protractor is the &lt;em&gt;Udemy Protractor: End to End testing Framework for AngularJS apps&lt;/em&gt;. &#xA;As stated in a previous answer the javascript syntax is different from the Java, C# or Ruby implementations of WebDriver but you get used to it pretty quickly and you don't necessarily need to know how a javascript promise works to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor Basics: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/angularjs-protractor-tutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.udemy.com/angularjs-protractor-tutorial/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14937" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T16:33:47.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16313" CreationDate="2015-12-30T21:02:50.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile methodologie does not require any specific tool and, above all, does not provide limitations to the team. On the flip side of the coin it is important to arrange your testing sessions to be executed inside sprints so, it is the way you use tools that really matters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I do not see any specific drawbacks in using Excel for Test Scenario and Test Cases (of course you will lose the powerful of specific softwares), maybe you could separate Scenarios in Word files while using Excel sheets for tracking progressive test runs (one sheet for each new execution).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2015-12-30T21:02:50.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16328" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-30T21:09:05.563" Score="1" ViewCount="944" Body="&lt;p&gt;if I run my test suite (Selenium WebDriver) with test cases giving text output only using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(&quot;some text&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Build status is successful using Jenkins&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;whenever it comes to the step where (sendKeys) involved build gets failed status with following message&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Build step 'Execute Windows batch command' marked build as failure Finished: FAILURE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g step&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do i need to use headless browser or any plug-in to achieve success&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the content of run.bat file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -cp bin;lib/* org.testng.TestNG testng.xml &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:24:57.560" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T15:05:25.180" Title="Jenkins build failing for a test case when it have SendKeys() function" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16329" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-31T00:08:53.197" Score="0" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone tried integrating Sikuli to Selenium Grid architecture? I have read many articles online but unfortunately couldn't reach to a solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To briefly explain, my scripts are equipped with Sikuli (and Selenium), so after putting Grid into the mix, all my image finds are failing (it will since Sikuli doesn't know about the Node on which tests is running). Just to clarify all my grid nodes are machines having a monitor (not headless).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to configure Sikuli part of test scripts to verify images on test nodes and not on the hub?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:30:59.820" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:30:59.820" Title="Selenium Grid2 and Sikuli" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16330" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2015-12-31T02:22:52.943" Score="37" ViewCount="3518" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testers and developers don't always get along, which can lead to a lot of inefficiencies between testing activities and perform QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can developers and other people do to make working with software testers easier, more productive and more enjoyable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can be done to make the testers job easier?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15844" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T11:22:57.193" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T11:36:38.010" Title="How can developers improve relations with testers?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;tester&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2015-12-31T03:08:51.800" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a few quick ones off the top of my head:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the code they've completed at least once on their machine before marking it as 'Done'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consult with QA on their intended route to implement a feature or bug fix to help flush out potential issues or bugs before even one line of code is written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Encourage QA to participate in sprint planning/grooming, design and other relevant meetings. QA usually has a wider breadth of knowledge about the entire system and end user that can be helpful in early planning stages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't view QA as the 'enemy' but rather as the safety net that prevents a bug that costs the company $$$ from making it into production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15651" LastEditorUserId="5122" LastEditDate="2016-01-02T18:49:37.030" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T18:49:37.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2015-12-31T03:58:13.913" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good and Interesting question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some to make the tester's job easier:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers should perform basic testing before giving the product to the tester.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include QA from the beginning of the project, not when the product is ready to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work as a Team, not as two different departments [Developer &amp;amp; QA]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the developer, never ask the QA to ignore bugs. It is QA's job to verify that bugs have been fixed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support the QA if they do not have a clear understanding of the product. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work toward the common goal of making a solid product. Do not think that you are the developer and they are the tester.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2016-01-02T16:55:11.860" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T16:55:11.860" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16328" CreationDate="2015-12-31T09:34:55.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your error indicates that your batch file is throwing an unhandled exception.  Likely this is something like &quot;element not found&quot;. Your log files will tell you more.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2015-12-31T09:34:55.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2015-12-31T09:55:57.343" Score="6" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To start off, have a &lt;strong&gt;positive attitude&lt;/strong&gt; towards tester's activities &amp;amp; identified issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide &lt;strong&gt;unit + dev-smoke tested&lt;/strong&gt; builds to QA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Share &lt;strong&gt;release notes&lt;/strong&gt; with info like included fixes, features and known bugs etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide &lt;strong&gt;support in technical &amp;amp; back-end understanding&lt;/strong&gt; of system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide &lt;strong&gt;support in analyzing hard-to-reproduce issues&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be appreciative&lt;/strong&gt; towards efforts of Testers/QA and work as a &lt;strong&gt;single unit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last but not least, follow all the best-practices / QA processes for example sharing release notes, avoiding frequent interim builds, doing proper versioning, marking bug status etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2015-12-31T09:55:57.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16336" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16349" CreationDate="2015-12-31T11:24:43.500" Score="1" ViewCount="728" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package SeleWeb;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import java.sql.*;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; public class seldata &#xA;&#xA; {&#xA;&#xA;   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception &#xA;&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;   Connection connection;&#xA;   Statement statement;&#xA;   ResultSet rs;&#xA;&#xA;   WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;   String dbaseURL = &quot;http://localhost:3306/selenium&quot;;&#xA;   driver.get(dbaseURL);&#xA;   String user = &quot;root&quot;;&#xA;   String password = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;   connection = null;&#xA;   try {    &#xA;           Class.forName(&quot;com.mysql.jdbc.Driver&quot;);&#xA;           System.out.println(&quot;Connecting to Database...&quot;);&#xA;           connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dbaseURL, user, password);&#xA;&#xA;           //connection = DriverManager.getConnection(&quot;dbaseURL&quot;,&quot;root&quot;,&quot;&quot;);&#xA;           System.out.println(&quot;AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA&quot;);&#xA;           if (connection != null) &#xA;            {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Connected to the Database...&quot;);&#xA;                try {&#xA;                        String query = &quot;select * from employee&quot;;&#xA;                        statement = connection.createStatement();&#xA;                        rs = statement.executeQuery(query);&#xA;&#xA;                        while(rs.next()){&#xA;                            int EmpId= rs.getInt(&quot;EmpId&quot;);&#xA;                            String EmpName= rs.getString(&quot;EmpName&quot;);&#xA;                            String EmpAddress=rs.getString(3);&#xA;                            String EmpDept=rs.getString(&quot;EmpDept&quot;);&#xA;                            Double EmpSal= rs.getDouble(5);&#xA;                            System.out.println(EmpId+&quot;\t&quot;+EmpName+&quot;\t&quot;+EmpAddress+&quot;\t&quot;+EmpSal+&quot;\t&quot;+EmpDept);&#xA;                      }&#xA;                    } catch (SQLException ex) &#xA;                        {&#xA;                            ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;                        }&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;            }catch (SQLException ex) &#xA;            {&#xA;                ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;               }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13033" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2015-12-31T11:26:12.110" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T06:03:19.553" Title="getting an error in selenium using java with mySQL: java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2015-12-31T12:27:17.073" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;All the answers so far are good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few other comments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remember that the testers aren't there to make your life miserable. They're there to provide business stakeholders with information about how well the software fits what its intended users need from it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't just throw code over the wall and figure the testers will catch any bugs. They might, but they'd rather be looking for the edge cases because the code you send them is rock solid in the steel thread.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communicate what testing you've done and any areas that you're concerned about. The testers don't always know the internals so they might not be aware they need to test that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the testers are technical enough to ask about your implementation or point you to the line of code that has a problem, &lt;em&gt;don't&lt;/em&gt; get offended by this. They aren't playing &quot;gotcha&quot;, they just want the software to be as good as it can be and they're trying to help you (yes, this happened to me. You do not want to be that developer).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always remember that you and the testers have the same goal: producing quality software your customers want to use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there's at least one question here that takes the perspective of what software testers can do to win the hearts of developers: I just haven't found it yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2015-12-31T12:27:17.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2015-12-31T13:16:44.617" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Treat them as equals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen a lot of developers thinking they are more or better then testers in their companies and also treat them that way. Developers and testers have a similar goal: Making high quality software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2015-12-31T13:16:44.617" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2015-12-31T15:11:56.470" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked in both roles for a while and my recommendation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pair (before coding when possible) on test plans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See QA as an asset that is &lt;em&gt;protecting&lt;/em&gt; you and customers from the mistakes we &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; make&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have an open mind when a QA approaches and avoid the (common) mistake of explaining away an issue as their lack of understanding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't assume that they can pass a coding change quickly.  For example, don't work on a change for 2 weeks and then assume that QA will pass it in 2 hours.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't assume that a ticket is basically done when you give it to QA, be open to more code changes the same way you would be for a code review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take into account how your organization works.  A developer:QA ratio of 2:1 will mean a different role when compared to a ratio of 10:1  Take this into account.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Volunteer to help testers out with fixing environment or setup issues so they can test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Treat testers as engineers when they do engineering tasks and when possible/practical think of technical testers (that write testing code) as Quality Engineers.  QA tends to 'mean' manual testing for a lot of folks and is associated with entry level / intern / co-op manual testing where as QE indicates a more technical role&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invite them into conversations where there are different opinions or if the functionality is in a well-known problem area to get their input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Encourage QE testers to learn more about the code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Publicly value their role, e.g. &quot;Well I think I've got this right but let's see what QE thinks first&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Publicly thank their findings, e.g. &quot;Well, I'm working on ticket-1234 because thankfully QA found the issue with the DB not being updated for anonymous posts in Firefox&quot; that we'd all been trying to track down from those log errors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Physically seat the QA folks with the developers they are supporting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include QE in team activities such as: Onboarding, Lunches, Planning Meetings, Departure lunches, Ticket Grooming, retrospectives, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Share a common wiki that documents the setup knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Share tools and techniques that you use to debug code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work on making sure their environment is the same as yours so that bugs found are not just due to environmental differences.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.velocitypartners.net/blog/2014/02/11/the-3-amigos-in-agile-teams/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;three amigos&quot;&lt;/a&gt; approach to help bring QA, product, and dev together to work collaboratively.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be open to different points of views they may represent.  Good testers think of many different user personas such as happy, sad, angry, forgetful, distracted users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be humble and publicly thank testers for their finds (instead of silently just fixing them).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some organizations need to promote this for their developer-developer relationships too!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T07:01:49.183" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T07:01:49.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2016-01-01T04:55:46.513" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;All good points here, but there's one I run into somewhat regularly as QA, that is to remember that while I may know the product fairly well, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I do not know the code at all&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. It's generally frustrating being asked what part of the code has the problem. If I find a problem with a dog fetching a stick, I don't know if it's the dog class or the stick class. For all I know, it might be a problem in the fetchables interface implemented by the stick. (I might do some testing with ball objects that also implement fetchables that could rule out the stick class at least)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, when you find and fix the problem, I will need to know if it was with the dog class, the stick class, or the fetchables interface so that along with just testing the bug, I can do regression testing to see if the fix broke anything else (sadly, this is something I need to badger my developers for constantly)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12795" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T04:55:46.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16321" CreationDate="2016-01-01T09:13:10.520" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend sticking to &quot;reality&quot; approach if it is possible, so ideally it will be scenario 1. Also consider using appropriate &lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/docs/2.0.0-RC5/general/scenario.html#pause&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pause&lt;/a&gt;s to simulate real users think times as they don't hammer the application non-stop, they require some time before doing the next operation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would rather go for &quot;virtual users&quot; as the approach and &quot;throughput&quot; as a metric, like &quot;when X concurrent users use application it is able to serve Y requests per second&quot;, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/what-relationship-between-users-and-hits-second&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;What is the Relationship Between Users and Hits Per Second?&lt;/a&gt; for more detailed explanation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;RPS&quot; approach may be required if you're directly asked to measure it, like &quot;according to SLA we need to serve X requests per second with response time not more than Y&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T09:13:10.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16343" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-01T13:17:19.463" Score="6" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Testers and developers don't always get along due to a wide variety of reasons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can testers and other people can do to make software developers lives easier, more productive and more enjoyable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Insipred by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/16330/8992&quot;&gt;How can developers improve relations with testers?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T06:56:24.017" Title="What can testers do to win over the hearts of software developers?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;tester&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-01-04T04:58:14.903" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16343" CreationDate="2016-01-01T13:17:19.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The primary thing is to try really hard to find bugs.  This may sound obvious but in fact often QA folks are intimidated by software developers and in addition many organizations reflect this in their workflow and processes.  It is easy for a QA person to think, well if I PASS this and the developer can move on I will make them happy.  While that might be true of inexperienced junior developers, a mature professional developer will actually be very happy for a tester to find relevant bugs that they missed and over time trust can grow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test the edge cases that developers often don't look at&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test on a wide variety of devices, browsers and versions that the developer may not have tried&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test sad paths the developer may not have tried&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask to pair on test plans up front&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Share testing tools with the developers that will use them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work in the same physical area&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Respect working habits, 'flow' and learn how/when to interrupt and when not to &lt;strong&gt;for each dev&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Share a common wiki that documents the environment setup knowledge, code to use, seed data to load, database scripts to run, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work on making sure environments are the same so that bugs found are not just due to environment differences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a &quot;three amigos&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.velocitypartners.net/blog/2014/02/11/the-3-amigos-in-agile-teams/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.velocitypartners.net/blog/2014/02/11/the-3-amigos-in-agile-teams/&lt;/a&gt;) approach to help bring QE, product and dev together to work collaboratively&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clearly document the steps to reproduce bugs that are reported and include: exact URL, data used, steps to follow, options to choose, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document the environment used when experiencing bugs, e.g. Virtual Machine, Operating System Version, device, browser, version.  Try using other systems and see if they also have the error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pair with a dev when experiencing / recording a bug.  They will frequently ask &quot;show me the console&quot; or &quot;show me the network requests&quot; or &quot;show me the database record for that&quot;, etc. This can be helpful not only in fixing it but also in ascertaining the initial priority and importance and whether it should even be worked on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use screenshots and desktop movies when recording bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn the business domain as much as possible so that assessment, prioritization and description of bugs is related to business needs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Study the skills behind good QE and be an advocate of them to developers with presentations, emails, adhoc conversations, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-01-01T18:53:10.657" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T18:53:10.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16304" CreationDate="2016-01-01T15:24:49.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another problem with deciding which bugs to report or not is that there is a risk that you stop reporting bugs that should have been reported and corrected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience you should report ALL bugs you encounter into the bug reporting system. If you don't want to &quot;expose&quot; these minor bugs imediatly you could asssign them to your self and revisit them later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With bugs i don't only mean obvious errors, but also if you are not sure if this is an error or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some (imature) organisations the developers/product owner consider flaws in the GUI as minor bugs. I think it is important to build confidence in the application by having a nice and flawless GUI to intearct with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thought I get when using a new application with minor bugs is that these bugs are the &quot;top of the iceberg&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15867" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T15:24:49.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16343" CreationDate="2016-01-01T17:55:34.967" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Michael Durrant's excellent answer : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take time to make accurate bug reports. My rules of a thumb(I've been on both sides of the equation, which helps) : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every hour spent in digging into the bug from the tester's point of view spares one day of work for the developer. Properly checking the exact conditions of the bug, the exact parameters, helps a lot for the correction.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every bug report completed in less than 15 minutes is doomed to lead to a correction that is not correct. Make both screenshots &amp;amp; a full text description of what's happening.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Entering low amounts in the tax fields crashes randomly&lt;/em&gt;&quot; is far less informative to the developer than:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;in the tax field&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;when the customer has an address abroad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;when the tax amount is strictly inferior to 1.00$&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;when you press the continue button&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a technical pop-up appears with the following information&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;tested on machine blahnlah version 3.14159, occurs also on machine blublu with the same version 3.14159 - worked fine on version 3.14158&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you add a few screenshots to show what's happening, the developer will have an easy job. And they are going to like you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OTOH, if you limit yourself to the first line, without any screenshots or additional information, they're going to doubt your added value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-01-01T19:08:07.097" LastActivityDate="2016-01-01T19:08:07.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16336" CreationDate="2016-01-02T06:03:19.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually this exception occurs when the JDBC URL is wrong and not accepted by loaded drivers. You should have the jar files in the classpath.&#xA;Also Try using JDBC driver specific URI prefix, which is &lt;code&gt;jdbc:mysql://&lt;/code&gt; for MySQL. I mean defining &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String dbaseURL = &quot;jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/selenium&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String dbaseURL = &quot;http://localhost:3306/selenium&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7679" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T06:03:19.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16350" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-02T10:15:24.267" Score="2" ViewCount="656" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6jkkX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6jkkX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting this error. I am using the 3rd method from &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-ajaxxhr-enabled-sites-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-ajaxxhr-enabled-sites-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I have added the executable file in blazemeter-ajax-sampler-1.0-SNAPSHOT in lib/Ext&#xA;What should i do to work it properly.&#xA;Can I work with it without using blazemeter&#xA;Again I checked with Listner View Tree and Found as in fig.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7gUPx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7gUPx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Example Sampler to handle ajax requests. I have added one get method, url and value. I want to parameterise some string in the url. If I run the script without parameterising the string in the url it works. But it fails when I parameterised it. Can you please help? Please let me know if you need more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to pass values(format) for Post method??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eBlXn.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eBlXn.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also wanted to know how to add values In example sampler??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15425" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T06:12:12.257" Title="Getting error while running the jmeter script with Ajax Request" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2016-01-02T15:51:46.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Respect the time requirement for QA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All to often, test time becomes the project buffer time. If the release candidate is a day late, do you shift the release date or do you tell the QA folk to test faster or to test less?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep them it the loop if it looks as if there &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt; be a delay. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give the testers recognition (like bonuses, promotions, ...) if they run their tests fast and effectively despite the late delivery of the release candidate. (As a side note, don't reward them for the number of bug reports.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inform them what your unit tests cover and how&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the QA people have reviewed your unit tests and seen the most recent protocols, they can avoid duplication of effort (unless there is a deliberate decision to double-check). The testers can concentrate on things which automated tests are less likely to catch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Let them see and challenge the original specifications/stories&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA professionals are trained to see edge cases and failures where developers want to make things work. Let them write most of their test cases and show them to the developer before the first line of code is written. (Test Driven Development, TDD)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've once been in a project where a tester rejected the &lt;strong&gt;specification&lt;/strong&gt; as buggy. The tester was right, the spec wasn't consistent with a previous requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consider if the QA should be a separate team or part of the dev team&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are good reasons for both. If the project is waterfall-like and documentation of compliance is important, make the QA a separate team with a team lead at the same level as the development team lead. If the project is agile and documentation of tests is less important, put the testers into the dev team. If using scrum, write passed tests into the definition of done. &lt;em&gt;The story isn't finished until the tests are finished.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the most extreme case, that could mean abolishing testers. &lt;em&gt;Every&lt;/em&gt; developer is responsible for quality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T15:51:46.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2016-01-02T20:05:41.453" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a simple point, but very effective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be a developer who says &quot;thanks&quot; or &quot;good catch!&quot; or something positive whenever a tester finds a defect.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the daily currency of the respectful working relationship.  All the formal processes are good, but they flow from the basic attitude of respect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15877" LastActivityDate="2016-01-02T20:05:41.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2016-01-03T00:22:09.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read my Software testers' test cases and give them feedback. I ensure every workflow-path you only would know from reading the code is covered or at least brought to their attention. I also keep them up to date with features I myself that may not be really covered in meeting or UX specs (normally small fillers). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15881" LastEditorUserId="15881" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T15:09:49.133" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T15:09:49.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16356" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16360" CreationDate="2016-01-03T01:07:43.253" Score="4" ViewCount="5066" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found performance targets (how long web pages take to respond to actions) difficult to introduce into organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seem to be are no clear definitions (in the industry) that are generally known to developers.  It seems that it end up being a matter of preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is complicated because we have little to no contact with out customers who visit out site from advertising and are then referred to other sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are good ways to determine and use performance targets?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately I want benchmarks that I can use in automated performance tests.  I will need to use average figures and also look at the distribution spread as historically one or two of a thousand queries takes abnormally long for a variety of reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A frequent problem is that developers (naturally) want to test using the fastest setup and use high-speed wired connections that our users frequently don't have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently use ruby on rails and capybara for ui testing but it does not seem to reflect real-world page load times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/941/8992&quot;&gt;Performance testing resources&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/513/8992&quot;&gt;Performance testing - a way in?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T00:40:49.103" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T00:40:49.103" Title="How to determine 'reasonable' response times for performance testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16359" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-03T12:33:16.417" Score="6" ViewCount="14558" Body="&lt;p&gt;My scenario is to make sure that my search bar is not sticky.&#xA;For this I am scrolling to middle of the page.&#xA;Now I need to check that my search bar is not visible in my &lt;code&gt;viewport&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;isDisplayed&lt;/code&gt; method is verifying for the element in whole page. so I cannot use this method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15885" LastEditorUserId="7679" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T08:57:31.890" LastActivityDate="2020-04-10T06:57:02.663" Title="How can i automate using selenium to check if an element is present in viewport" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16356" CreationDate="2016-01-03T13:23:09.990" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider using A/B testing on your site to determine the impact of response time differences to your customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If done well, you will determine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If performance differences really matter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much they matter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thresholds after which your customers abandon your site&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2016-01-03T13:23:09.990" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16362" CreationDate="2016-01-03T13:25:00.040" Score="1" ViewCount="1612" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been making one automation script for client to make his various task to automate. Now script is done and working fine. I have created script in My local pc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is best way to deliver it to client so he can run it whenever he want. I thought to install Eclipse, JAVA and Selenium JARs to client pc and import my project there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other good way? I am looking for something where Me and client can run script any time we want. Something global place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2016-01-03T16:48:36.030" Title="Where to host Selenium Script for Client" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16361" CreationDate="2016-01-03T16:43:00.377" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use a Continuous Integration service, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jenkins - &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://jenkins-ci.org/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;In a nutshell, Jenkins is the leading open source automation server. Built with Java, it provides hundreds of plugins to support building, testing, deploying and automation virtually any project&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;circleci - &lt;a href=&quot;https://circleci.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://circleci.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;Start shipping faster, build for free using CircleCI today.&#xA;You have a product to focus on, let CircleCI handle your continuous integration and deployment.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://travis-ci.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://travis-ci.org&lt;/a&gt; travis-ci is also very popular - &lt;em&gt;Easily sync your GitHub projects with Travis CI and you’ll be testing your code in minutes!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example of 10 others see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.yegor256.com/2014/10/05/ten-hosted-continuous-integration-services.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.yegor256.com/2014/10/05/ten-hosted-continuous-integration-services.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-01-03T16:48:36.030" LastActivityDate="2016-01-03T16:48:36.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16356" CreationDate="2016-01-03T18:40:16.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measuring response times in realistic conditions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For most organizations, it is not worth the trouble to test your site against the variety of latencies and network speeds you see in production.  This is particularly true if you are measuring not just the server response time but the total page render time.  The latter depends on a lot of factors, including the speed of the client device and the browser type/version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, you can test with one (or a few) benchmark latency/speed combinations and then pay a third-party service like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.keynote.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Keynote&lt;/a&gt; to measure response times in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Choosing a target response time&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You care about response time because users like fast sites more than slow sites.  If you want a specific target, you can use someone else's recommendation (like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nngroup.com/articles/response-times-3-important-limits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;) or you can base it on measurements of your own site using A/B testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-01-04T14:55:42.633" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T14:55:42.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5833" CreationDate="2016-01-04T02:54:36.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another way to fix this problem is to set &lt;code&gt;reuse&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;false&lt;/strong&gt; when you call &lt;code&gt;Headless.new&lt;/code&gt; and let it automatically pick another display number if the current one is in use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Headless.new(reuse: false)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information, see the source code to Headless at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/leonid-shevtsov/headless/blob/master/lib/headless.rb#L64&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/leonid-shevtsov/headless/blob/master/lib/headless.rb#L64&lt;/a&gt;, which says this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;reuse (default true) - if given display server already exists, should we use it or try another?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15890" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T02:54:36.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8821" CreationDate="2016-01-04T05:38:58.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have set total threads to be 25 with ramp-up period of 25 seconds. Which means that 1 user is created at every second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;at 1st second.. # of users is =1&#xA;at 2nd second.. # of users is =1+1=2&#xA;at 3rd second.. # of users is =1+1+1=3&#xA;..&#xA;,,&#xA;at 9th second..  # of users is =9&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;at 10th second.. a new user is created but one of already created user&#xA;  also completes it test .. therefore it closes.. so the # of total&#xA;  users remain 9..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this trend goes on as some users are closing at one hand, while new users are being created on other hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to put concurrent load of 25 users then you can achieve it in number of ways...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set the ramp-up period to 1 second (not a best approach for large tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use the synchronizing timer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use constant throughput timer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;increase the number of users &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15718" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T05:38:58.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15957" CreationDate="2016-01-04T09:15:41.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Crowd Testing seems to be a valid solution for such requirement. &lt;a href=&quot;https://crowdsourcedtesting.com/en/top-50-qa-testers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CrowdSourcedTesting&lt;/a&gt; seems to be a good candidate to fulfill your requirements as they have adequate pool of testers from different provinces of Canada. I am not sure about their pricing but i think they will be more economical as compared to applause (which is a crowd-testing giant).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to hire testers directly via websites like &lt;a href=&quot;http://upwork.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;up-work&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T09:15:41.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16359" CreationDate="2016-01-04T09:28:36.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;With JavaScript you can check if a DOM element is in the viewport, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/123999/how-to-tell-if-a-dom-element-is-visible-in-the-current-viewport&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; for example code.&#xA;Now if we add this &lt;code&gt;isElementInViewport()&lt;/code&gt; JavaScript function to our application under test we can call it from Selenium with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScriptExecutor&lt;/a&gt; and check its return value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="18319" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T13:55:11.640" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T13:55:11.640" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16368" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-04T13:05:32.807" Score="2" ViewCount="1002" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I have a REST service that allows you to search for rail journeys - and that once you have selected them, you can book them.&#xA;The endpoint is &lt;code&gt;example.com/service/v1/book&lt;/code&gt;, and to create the booking, you use a &lt;code&gt;POST&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because in reality, when you get to the booking state, the request would require a lot of data, the details of the booking are send as JSON.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For simplicity's sake, let's assume the body just takes the journey legs at the moment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;    &quot;journey&quot; : {&#xA;        &quot;type&quot; : &quot;return&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;outgoing&quot; : {&#xA;            &quot;from&quot; : &quot;LON&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;to&quot; : &quot;NCL&quot;&#xA;        },&#xA;        &quot;return&quot; : {&#xA;            &quot;from&quot; : &quot;NCL&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;to&quot; : &quot;LON&quot;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for a one-way ticket, that bit would obviously look slightly different, &lt;strong&gt;yet the resource (or HTTP method) &lt;em&gt;wouldn't&lt;/em&gt; change&lt;/strong&gt; - it would still be &lt;code&gt;POST example.com/service/v1/book&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; {&#xA;    &quot;journey&quot; : {&#xA;        &quot;type&quot; : &quot;single&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;outgoing&quot; : {&#xA;            &quot;from&quot; : &quot;LON&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;to&quot; : &quot;NCL&quot;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The service would have to deal with it slightly differently, though. So, we'd want to test both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you structure that in SoapUI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought you'd create the resource (with the POST method), then create two different test cases, &quot;one-way&quot; and &quot;return&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm not sure of is how I'd then be able to pass the different payloads in? And where they'd be defined...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6846" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T10:57:31.547" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T08:27:12.470" Title="How to organise multiple SoapUI test scenarios to the same REST endpoint?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16350" CreationDate="2016-01-04T16:25:06.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The mentioned sampler isn't a real AJAX plugin, you can use it as a reference for building your own sampler. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to see the request details you need to do the following changes in source code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/blazemeter/ajax-sampler/src/189c0fe372d7285f736ece6741d625b73507c534/src/main/java/com/blazemeter/ajax/AJAXRequest.java?at=master&amp;amp;fileviewer=file-view-default&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AJAXRequest.java&lt;/a&gt; change &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/samplers/SampleResult.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SampleResult&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/protocol/http/sampler/HTTPSampleResult.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTPSampleResult&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/samplers/SampleResult.html#setRequestHeaders(java.lang.String)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;setRequestHeaders&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/protocol/http/sampler/HTTPSampleResult.html#setQueryString(java.lang.String)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;setQueryString&lt;/a&gt; methods to store headers and body correspondingly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the sampler is a &quot;skeleton&quot; so if you need it to be Cookie-, Cache-, Proxy-, etc. -aware you need to add this logic as well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is ok for you to use the sampler in its current state - you can find request details in &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-debug-your-apache-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to debug your Apache JMeter script&lt;/a&gt; article for more tips on troubleshooting JMeter test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T16:25:06.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16356" CreationDate="2016-01-04T16:36:38.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally acceptable response time ranges should be specified in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-level_agreement&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SLA&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-functional_requirement&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NFR&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they aren't - you need to make an assumption for how long end user will have to wait which may be minutes for i.e. in-house internal application or not more than few seconds for e-commerce websites where user will go away if the site operates slowly or down and will never come back. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to developers testing on their own fast machines in intranet - load test needs to be executed in production environment (or staging environment which is exact replica of production). Any other test types don't make sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have already running application or service - you can choose &quot;dead&quot; time when real users load is minimal like 1 AM on Sunday. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-lessons-learn-black-friday-2014&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Load Testing Lessons to Learn from Black Friday 2014&lt;/a&gt; article for few more real life examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-01-04T16:36:38.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16374" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-04T23:45:58.580" Score="3" ViewCount="1468" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I update a resource's path, or add query/matrix parameters to a resource, these changes get &quot;pushed&quot; down into the test steps that rely on (i.e. are associated with) that resource. I'm wondering if the same functionality is available for payloads (request bodies) and request headers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, given a REST project consisting of a resource that supports a PUT request with payload, and a test case for that resource request, is there a way to update the resource request's payload and/or headers, and have that (change) reflected in the test case's test step?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put differently: How can I push updates from a REST resource definition to associated test steps (when they concern the request body or request headers)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BB7r3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BB7r3.png&quot; alt=&quot;Push updates from resource definition to associated test steps&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This is a cross-post from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.smartbear.com/t5/SoapUI-Open-Source/How-to-update-test-payload-from-REST-resource-s-request/m-p/111344#U111344&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI forums&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6846" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T22:34:05.833" Title="SoapUI: Refresh/update test step's payload or request headers from REST resource's request definition?" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-05T05:42:10.097" Score="11" ViewCount="3309" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Summary Report of Jmeter displays also all the data required to analyze the performance of web request. This includes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Labels&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Samples&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Min&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Max&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Std Deviation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error%&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Throughput&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;KB/Sec&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avg. Bytes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be great if it were possible to display the latency as well in the same table. Is there a way to add this column to display latency in the Summary Report (I'm not talking about the file write component) in the GUI and have it saved to CSV file with the &amp;quot;Save Table Data&amp;quot; option in the Summary Report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not that, then is there any other Listener that would show all the data listed above along with Latency?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T11:18:54.523" Title="Jmeter: Need to display latency in Summay Report" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16377" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-05T07:18:42.553" Score="1" ViewCount="459" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a complete novice in software testing. I want to learn more about black-box/functional testing in general. Which courses(free or paid Text/video courses) could i use to learn better to write test cases, create test scenarios, learn writing clear defects , negative testing...etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15904" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:04:53.587" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:04:53.587" Title="What are some of the best Software Testing Courses for a beginner?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-01-05T13:56:09.003" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16376" CreationDate="2016-01-05T10:13:47.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do this by simply uncommenting &lt;em&gt;(removing &lt;strong&gt;#&lt;/strong&gt; sign)&lt;/em&gt; the following property in &lt;strong&gt;jmeter.properties&lt;/strong&gt; file &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; #jmeter.save.saveservice.latency=true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter properties file can be located in  &lt;code&gt;JMeterInstallation/bin/&lt;/code&gt; directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T10:13:47.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-05T10:46:48.913" Score="1" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting stuck at executing a loop. My scenario is:  I am tapping on bookmark present over the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using below code for that ,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  List listAllSessionsNames=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//UIAApplication[1]/UIAWindow[2]/UIATableView[1]/UIATableCell[*]//descendant::UIAButton&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;  for(MobileElement eachSessionName:listAllSessionsNames)  {&#xA;    try{&#xA;      if(!eachSessionName.isDisplayed()){&#xA;&#xA;         // initIPHONE.swipeDown();&#xA;          eachSessionName.click();   &#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;      else{&#xA;          initIPHONE.swipeDown(); &#xA;&#xA;          eachSessionName.click();    &#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    catch(WebDriverException e){&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;&#xA;    }     &#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that the button is getting tapped until buttons are visible on screen but getting &lt;code&gt;webdriverexception&lt;/code&gt; after tapping on the same button.&#xA;The whole size of the table cell over the screen is 10 but this code can work for 5.&#xA;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:28:58.960" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:28:58.960" Title="Appium: getting stuck at tapping on buttons under a loop" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16288" CreationDate="2016-01-05T12:42:42.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried the IE developer tools (F12)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-01-05T12:47:58.113" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T12:47:58.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16377" CreationDate="2016-01-05T12:54:33.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I have voted this to be closed, because this is a primarily opinion based question- best is a subjective term which is dependent on a person's perspective of best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of Testing courses, I can give you a good list of reading materials though- because this website is a store house of these kinda things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/336/blogs-to-follow-to-further-learning&quot;&gt;Blogs to follow to further learning&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3846/how-can-i-transition-into-getting-into-qa&quot;&gt;How can I transition into getting into QA?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7621/how-to-become-a-good-qa-employee&quot;&gt;How to become a good QA employee&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/42/suggested-books-to-start-on-software-testing&quot;&gt;Suggested books to start on software testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another point : Before you post, please research a bit, because this question has been asked N times, with the same answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T12:54:33.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16387" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-05T16:41:28.537" Score="2" ViewCount="2779" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having an issue trying to find an image on the screen, I tried doing it in two different ways and it doesn't seem to work for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to do this with Appium running on IOS simulator which shows up on the screen, so I don't see this being a problem of a screenshot being taken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running MAC OSX El Capitan&#xA;I have imported the Sikuli X java API in my project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to also import the MAC Sikuli Library jar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I have tried so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Screen s = new Screen();&#xA;    Pattern test = new Pattern(&quot;/Users/ealiaj/Desktop/Automation/workspace/WheelsUp - IOS/screenshot.jpg&quot;);&#xA;    try {&#xA;   s.find(test);&#xA;  } catch (FindFailed e) {&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Screen s = new Screen();&#xA;    try {&#xA;   s.find(&quot;screenshot.jpg&quot;);&#xA;  } catch (FindFailed e) {&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I keep getting errors about not being able to find the image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11471" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:35:06.610" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:35:06.610" Title="Help Finding image in Sikuli X in Java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15738" CreationDate="2016-01-05T18:13:01.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I havent't used it myself, yet, but I recently stumbled across TimeSnapper (&lt;a href=&quot;http://timesnapper.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://timesnapper.com/&lt;/a&gt;). It's a small windows app which runs in the background and takes a screenshot every few seconds. You can also ad notes. When you're done you can play back your session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15595" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T18:13:01.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15738" CreationDate="2016-01-05T21:39:07.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't have access to Microsoft Test Manager as Luca suggested you can try uPerform (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ancile.com/products/uperform-software/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ancile.com/products/uperform-software/overview&lt;/a&gt;).  It's pretty easy to pick up and run with.  Not sure if there's a free version floating around, but my company provided it once and I still play around with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15924" LastActivityDate="2016-01-05T21:39:07.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16390" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-06T00:20:37.027" Score="3" ViewCount="7363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't find this element using selenium java webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a before class method that loads the firefox driver and set the WebDriverWait. Then I have a test method to look for the elements with the code below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It never finds the following element. Can someone help me in figuring out this issue? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Click More Genres &#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;moreGenres&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;More Genres&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);  &#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector(&quot;.moreGenres&amp;gt;span&quot;)));&#xA;WebElement moregenres = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.moreGenres&amp;gt;span&quot;));&#xA;builder.moveToElement(moregenres).click(moregenres);&#xA;builder.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Click More Genres&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector(&quot;.moreGenres&amp;gt;span&quot;)));&#xA;WebElement moregenres = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.moreGenres&amp;gt;span&quot;));&#xA;moregenres.click();&#xA;&#xA;//Click More Genres&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//li[@class='moreGenres']&quot;)));&#xA;WebElement moregenres = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//li[@class='moreGenres']&quot;));&#xA;moregenres.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Click More Genres&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//li[@class='moreGenres']/span&quot;)));&#xA;WebElement moregenres = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//li[@class='moreGenres']/span&quot;));&#xA;moregenres.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:34:44.560" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:34:44.560" Title="Selenium Java WebDriver Can not Find Element with xpath or cssSelector" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16390" CreationDate="2016-01-06T01:32:19.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//li[@class='moreGenres']/span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as an xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For css, what you have - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.moreGenres&amp;gt;span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;does work -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GgRwC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GgRwC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so see if maybe you have that li in more than one place perhaps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or maybe make it a bit more specific such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;li.moreGenres&amp;gt;span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ul&amp;gt;li.moreGenres&amp;gt;span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or (better)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ul.this_list&amp;gt;li.moreGenres&amp;gt;span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might also be better to have style rules for the li's rather than thru adding spans perhaps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-01-06T01:40:25.037" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T01:40:25.037" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16392" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16393" CreationDate="2016-01-06T03:07:53.397" Score="12" ViewCount="10070" Body="&lt;p&gt;While trying to execute JMeter from the command line in non-GUI mode I'm getting errorlevel=2 error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I did is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Navigate to the JMeter bin directory in command prompt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run the command &amp;quot;jmeter -n -t [jmx file] -l [jtl file]&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it returned errorlevel=2 error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jmeter is working perfectly fine in the GUI mode and Java is also installed properly on my system. The non-GUI mode execution somehow doesn't seem to work!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[I found a workaround which I have written below. If anyone has a better solution then do provide !]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T04:56:20.263" Title="JMeter: Getting error in non GUI mode" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16392" CreationDate="2016-01-06T05:22:13.980" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answering the comments above,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well I had Java and Jmeter installed correctly with ClassPath and everything. I also tried running Command Prompt as Administrator but got the same result. There was no problem in that. That is why the GUI version was working properly in first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a lot of R&amp;amp;D and Googling I found out that the problem was with the findstr command in the jmeter.bat file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To fix this you need to do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Properties of the &quot;My Computer&quot; or &quot;This PC&quot; on the desktop (Right click and select Properties).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Windows 8 select Advances System Properties in the window that appears.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Environment Variables.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set Path variable to &quot;C:\WINDOWS\system32&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Path variable is already set for another path then add a &lt;code&gt;semi-colon(;)&lt;/code&gt; at the end and then write the above path and save it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now restart your command prompt and run your JMeter test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T04:56:20.263" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T04:56:20.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16394" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16395" CreationDate="2016-01-06T05:33:03.363" Score="1" ViewCount="2788" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to Skip the failed test cases and to execute the remaining test cases when  using Selenium, Java  and TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15928" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:33:10.027" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T13:33:10.027" Title="How to skip failed test cases using TestNG" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16394" CreationDate="2016-01-06T05:41:04.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you know what all test cases  have failed in execution then add testng annotation &lt;code&gt;@Test(Enabled=False)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(enabled=false)&#xA;public void testCaseEnabling(){&#xA;    throw new RuntimeException(&quot;I'm Not Ready, please don't execute me&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-06T07:43:57.337" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T07:43:57.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5779" CreationDate="2016-01-06T06:25:03.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my case if web link is disabled then it appears as WebElement if it is enable then it appears are Link and vice versa. So Using below concepts we can check either Web link is enabled of disbled. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if Browser().Page().WebTable().WebElemnt().exist(0) Then &#xA;      Reporter.reprotevent Micpass, &quot;Link Status&quot;, &quot;Link is disabled.&quot;&#xA;&#xA;else if Browser().Page().WebTable().Link().exist(0) Then&#xA;     Reporter.reprotevent Micpass, &quot;Link Status&quot;, &quot;Link is Enabled.&quot;&#xA;End IF&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15930" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-06T07:46:00.720" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T07:46:00.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16397" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16401" CreationDate="2016-01-06T06:34:46.163" Score="3" ViewCount="213" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a java web applet which tries to connect to a hardware token through PKCS#11 and sign a String. When the web page is loaded the sign applet is loaded either. When a dialog comes up in the web form, the user should insert the hardware token's password and after clicking the sign button, the web form call applet's sign method and sign the sending String via the certificate on the token.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that all these steps are executing on the dialog without any sending request to the server, so the JMeter can not sense what is happening until the signed text is sending through a request to the server to save in DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The signed String is different each time and it's based on the different ID which is existed on the field of the web form)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is how can I call the applet's sign method with JMeter because the signed String is based on the ID, It would be different in Load Test either. So The JMeter should not send a static signed String in each load and should sign the different String for every thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to copy applet's jar file in the lib folder of JMeter and call Sign method via BSF Sampler but I get the PKCS#11 Exception in the line which I used doPrivilaged in applet's code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7679" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T11:38:21.280" Title="How can I download web applet via JMeter?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16398" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-06T07:03:00.920" Score="2" ViewCount="698" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium with Appium and my problem is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;when i click on a download button it shows path to save the file&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; This is a mobile OS control, how do I interact with Mobile Controls?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any tools like Sikuli or AutoIt (windows handling) for Android and iOS devices. Since this is how I would interact with it on a desktop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2016-01-12T12:19:22.210" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T12:19:22.210" Title="How to handle download dialogs on mobile devices with Appium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-01-15T04:46:44.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16394" CreationDate="2016-01-06T07:09:02.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, only when you run your suite once you can have failed test cases.&#xA;When we execute the suite with testng, some reports(HTML, XML and etc) are generated which can be further utilized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testng-failed.xml&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testng-results.xml, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;testng-failed.xml&lt;/em&gt; contains all the failed test cases (a.k.a your test methods). You can go to your test methods and disable the test methods by using the enabled parameter with Test annotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can make a copy of &lt;em&gt;testng-results.xml&lt;/em&gt; and modify it. It contains all the test cases that have skipped, failed or passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T07:09:02.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16397" CreationDate="2016-01-06T07:51:38.133" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the solution,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because PKCS#11 is in package sun.security.pkcs11.SunPKCS11 we should use JDK1.7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem was JMeter was not set to use the JDK7. So I edited JMeter.bat file and change&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;set JM_LAUNCH=java.exe&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;set JM_LAUNCH=&quot;C:\Java\jdk1.7.0_03\bin\java.exe&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hurraaaay. The problem solved :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7679" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2016-01-06T11:38:21.280" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T11:38:21.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16402" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16404" CreationDate="2016-01-06T13:18:47.140" Score="1" ViewCount="668" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing what I wanted to do is Automate Gmail Login page on Firefox by using Selenium Web Driver. I was blocked near the locating link of gmail. I tried the correct answer of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2414/locating-element-by-link-text-anchor-tag-innerhtml-or-xpath-fails-in-selenium&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt;. but it gives this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WAIT_TIME cannot be resolved or is not a field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use java with eclipse. My code is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Gmail;&#xA;&#xA;import java.sql.Time;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import bsh.org.objectweb.asm.Constants;&#xA;&#xA;public class GmailLogin {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        CharSequence[] g = {&quot;gmail&quot;};&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.lk/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;)).sendKeys(g);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;btnG&quot;)).click();    &#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Gmail - Google&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Time timeSpan = new Time(3);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(timeSpan.FromSeconds(Constants.WAIT_TIME));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link I found by using FirePath and Firebug is this;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a onmousedown=&quot;return rwt(this,'','','','1','AFQjCNExwdtj2geSDAkwzEypo2w-h0HAPg','','0ahUKEwjGg77e_JTKAhWTHo4KHcIkAd8QFggZMAA','','',event)&quot; href=&quot;https://mail.google.com/&quot;&amp;gt;Gmail - Google&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help for me to get the right code to open the &lt;a href=&quot;https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?service=mail&amp;amp;passive=true&amp;amp;rm=false&amp;amp;continue=https://mail.google.com/mail/&amp;amp;ss=1&amp;amp;scc=1&amp;amp;ltmpl=default&amp;amp;ltmplcache=2&amp;amp;emr=1&amp;amp;osid=1#identifier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gmail Login&lt;/a&gt; by clicking on &quot;Gmail - Google&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the error I got.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.Error: Unresolved compilation problem: &#xA;WAIT_TIME cannot be resolved or is not a field&#xA;&#xA;    at Gmail.GmailLogin.main(GmailLogin.java:19)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15709" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:32:18.277" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T17:14:27.477" Title="Cannot Locate the Link in Selenium Web Driver" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2016-01-06T14:01:37.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's possible that Zephyr Test tool (integrates with Jira) may fit your needs. It's an easy test management tool which I've been using for quite some time with several projects. It allows queries and serves as a repository for tests as well. I'm not tied to it officially in any way, so my comments are strictly as a user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15818" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T14:01:37.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16402" CreationDate="2016-01-06T14:25:40.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First things first :  You don't automate the browser. I have edited it to mention correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, for your issue, this is because &lt;code&gt;Constants.WAIT_TIME&lt;/code&gt; is not mapped to any time interval. The script wouldn't know what time period to wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;try using this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(30,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you want to wait for 30 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit : I wrote this and tested this code for entering a simple Gmail id and login and it works perfectly fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Gmail {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.lk/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Gmail&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xyz@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;next&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;abcdefghh&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signIn&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tested on Ubuntu machine on Firefox version 43.0 with Selenium 2.48.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:33:01.860" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:33:01.860" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16402" CreationDate="2016-01-06T15:11:50.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all implicit wait method should be declared before findElement() bcz findElement method uses implicitWait() method to search for web elements till the specified time... And it is good to use direct link &quot;www.gmail.com&quot; to login so that u can reduce ur codes... Learn more about locators of webdriver  and proceed... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14774" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T15:11:50.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16390" CreationDate="2016-01-06T15:19:14.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;U can try this below code, hope it helps u :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath(&quot;//li[contains(@class, 'moreGenres')]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14774" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-06T17:40:56.087" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T17:40:56.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7225" CreationDate="2016-01-06T15:20:06.977" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written an article regarding mocking acceptance tests here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://intelligentbee.com/blog/2016/01/06/how-to-mock-endpoints-in-automated-acceptance-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://intelligentbee.com/blog/2016/01/06/how-to-mock-endpoints-in-automated-acceptance-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you find it useful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15937" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T15:20:06.977" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16409" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-06T16:11:09.823" Score="1" ViewCount="2233" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt; I used some hit and trial method for this issue and found that this issue of slowness occurs only when Coded UI (or my code) encounters any Date-Type text field. If there is no Date-Field over the page which is used by test cases, then execution is fast enough. Further digging into issue make me understand that almost all the date-fields have Client Side validation scripts and each date field use masking. So, I tried the same with Coded UI recording and found that if during record and playback, I enter a value in date field using Keyboard, then playback is too slow, but if uses Calendar control to select a date then playback is fast enough. This is the root cause of the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt; Didn't get any solution, because I can't use Calendar control for selecting a past date which is like multiple clicks on the calendar. Tried using 'SendKeys' instead of 'text' for setting the value of the text field but still no improvement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this updated information will provide some hint in providing an answer to this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update ends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am creating some test cases in Coded UI using handwritten code. For the same, I have created a generic function for finding a Text Box and then setting its value. Code for that function is provided below. I call this function every time I need to provide value for a text box over any page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void FindTextBox_SetText(BrowserWindow brw, string str_uiElementPrimaryLocator, string str_uiElementSecondaryLocator, string str_uiElementInputValue)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Boolean bol_textBoxFound;&#xA;            HtmlEdit html_textBox = new HtmlEdit(brw);&#xA;            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(str_uiElementInputValue))&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (brw.Exists)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    html_textBox.SearchProperties[HtmlEdit.PropertyNames.Id] = str_uiElementPrimaryLocator;&#xA;                    html_textBox.SearchProperties[HtmlEdit.PropertyNames.Name] = str_uiElementSecondaryLocator;&#xA;                    bol_textBoxFound = html_textBox.Exists;&#xA;                    if (bol_textBoxFound)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        html_textBox.Text = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;                        html_textBox.Text = str_uiElementInputValue;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    else&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        Assert.IsTrue(bol_textBoxFound, &quot;TextBox not found&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                    Assert.IsTrue(brw.Exists, &quot;Browser window for finding the TextBox does not exists.&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                //Do nothing&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implementation Example:&lt;/strong&gt; In my application I have a page which has 8-10 text fields (some page have more than that and some have less), 2-3 dropdowns etc. For each page I have created a separate method for filling all the fields of that page 9as that page is being used in many test cases, so to avoid code repetition, I created a separate method for page fields) and for each Text box field, I call this above function. So, in short, this function is being called 10 times in a test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue:&lt;/strong&gt; First 3-4 calls to this function are completed in seconds (very short duration), while next 2-3 calls take minutes to complete. &lt;strong&gt;To better describe issue&lt;/strong&gt;, when Coded UI runs my test, it finds text box (T1) and then insert its value in 1 sec (let's say), then it finds T2 and insert its value in the same time, then it finds T3 and insert its value in the same time but; when it goes to 4th or 5th field, it takes &lt;strong&gt;1-2 minutes&lt;/strong&gt; to Empty and Fill that field and then again next 3-4 fields are filled in seconds. no matter what is the order of fields (i.e. T1, T2, T3 --&gt; Fast processing; T4, T5 --&gt; Slow processing OR T3, T4, T1 --&gt; Fast Processing; T2, T5 --&gt; Slow Processing). I tried to Debug the test case and found that most of the time is being consumed at these two lines of code for the 3rd and 4th field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;html_textBox.Text = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;html_textBox.Text = str_uiElementInputValue;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this happening (as I am calling the same function) and What is the solution or better approach for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML for Text Box and Date Fields are:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input name=&quot;FindVariables.RecordNumber&quot; class=&quot;form-control valid&quot; id=&quot;FindVariables_RecordNumber&quot; aria-invalid=&quot;false&quot; aria-describedby=&quot;FindVariables_RecordNumber-error FindVariables_RecordNumber-error&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; value=&quot;&quot; data-val-atleastonerequired-properties=&quot;FileNumber,ID,RecordNumber,SellerNumber,StartDate,SaleDateStart&quot; data-val-atleastonerequired=&quot;At least one marked field is required to search.&quot; data-val=&quot;true&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;input name=&quot;FindVariables.StartDate&quot; class=&quot;form-control type-date hasDatepicker&quot; id=&quot;FindVariables_StartDate&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; value=&quot;&quot; data-val-regex-pattern=&quot;(99|0?[1-9]|1[012])/(0?[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[01]|99)/(99|[1-3]\d\d\d)&quot; data-val-regex=&quot;Valid date is required (MM/DD/YYYY)&quot; data-val-atleastonerequired-properties=&quot;FileNumber,ID,RecordNumber,SellerNumber,StartDate,SaleDateStart&quot; data-val-atleastonerequired=&quot;At least one marked field is required to search.&quot; data-val=&quot;true&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:55:01.833" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:55:01.833" Title="Coded UI Test cases taking too much time to execute" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16410" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16414" CreationDate="2016-01-06T16:57:41.563" Score="3" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for test recorder that help me with mobile app testing (Android, iOS, Windows Phone/Mobile). So far, I have found the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xamarin Test Recorder, still under development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex Studio, does not have a test cloud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eggPlant Mobile, still evaluating this one but it seems that it has no recorder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SeeTestAutomation, have to evaluate this, but they have a recorder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other test recorder are available for mobile app testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15436" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-01-16T06:36:48.663" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T13:29:28.663" Title="What test recorders are available for mobile app testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15040" CreationDate="2016-01-06T17:10:32.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Martin Fowler &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;discussed&lt;/a&gt; whether assertions should be included in page objects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are differences of opinion on whether page objects should&#xA;  include assertions themselves, or just provide data for test scripts&#xA;  to do the assertions. Advocates of including assertions in page&#xA;  objects say that this helps avoid duplication of assertions in test&#xA;  scripts, makes it easier to provide better error messages, and&#xA;  supports a more TellDontAsk style API. Advocates of assertion-free&#xA;  page objects say that including assertions mixes the responsibilities&#xA;  of providing access to page data with assertion logic, and leads to a&#xA;  bloated page object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I favor having no assertions in page objects. I think you can avoid&#xA;  duplication by providing assertion libraries for common assertions -&#xA;  which can also make it easier to provide good diagnostics. One form of&#xA;  assertions is fine even for people like me who generally favor a&#xA;  no-assertion style. These assertions are those that check the&#xA;  invariants of a page or the application at this point, rather than&#xA;  specific things that a test is probing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Page objects are commonly used for testing, but should not make&#xA;  assertions themselves. Their responsibility is to provide access to&#xA;  the state of the underlying page. It's up to test clients to carry out&#xA;  the assertion logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following that if you have same assertions to be reused across multiple pages I would go for libraries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class PageValidator extends TypeSafeMatcher&amp;lt;AnyPage&amp;gt; {&#xA;&#xA;  public boolean matchesSafely(AnyPage page) {&#xA;    return page.getField1().equals(&quot;foo&quot;) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; page.getField2().equals(&quot;aaa&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  public static PageValidator isValid() { return new PageValidator(); }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that you can reuse easily:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(myPage, isValid());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, if each page has different invariants I would define an interface&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public interface PageValidator {&#xA;  boolean isValid();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that all page object classes must implement in their specific way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T17:10:32.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-06T19:15:11.083" Score="2" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Jmeter and java so forgive my question if it seems elementary.  I'm trying to dynamically pull the EC instance id and IP for a specific named AWS Ec2 instance in Jmeter.  Using either a beanshell or JS223 sampler.   I can connect and create the ec2Cilent - but I'm able to find the syntax to get the available information for any ec2.  any assistance would be appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15941" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:30:27.993" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:30:27.993" Title="JMeter BeanShell get EC2 instance ids" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16410" CreationDate="2016-01-06T22:39:06.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TestComplete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestComplete&lt;/a&gt;, a multi-platform tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMacros&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iMacros&lt;/a&gt;, although it may be more slated for web tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a nice &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;list&lt;/a&gt; you may want to investigate as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-01-06T22:39:06.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15656" CreationDate="2016-01-07T06:10:59.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the below code for escape key:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;myobject&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ESCAPE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to use this code, you need to add the below mentioned import:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is using the robot keys, though i never prefer them, below is the code if it helps you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T07:10:06.037" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T07:10:06.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12329" CreationDate="2016-01-07T07:23:25.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another great option is to use the &lt;strong&gt;hierarchyviewer&lt;/strong&gt; tool. Look at SDK/tools. Just open it and then open the app in the device or emulator.&#xA;example:&#xA;com.android.launcher/com.android.launcher2.Launcher&#xA;before / is the package, after / is the activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11816" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T07:23:25.433" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13176" CreationDate="2016-01-07T07:45:06.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do that in a clean and bullet-proof way &lt;strong&gt;only if you enable (and license) the version control support in QC/ALM. Then, your user could check out the test, guaranteeing that nobody else can modify it.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the cross-project work you outlined, QC also has features in the release manager module, but for those to work really good you also need to enable (and license) version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="587" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T07:45:06.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15656" CreationDate="2016-01-07T07:50:26.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Java you can go with Robot Library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Robot r = new Robot();&#xA;&#xA; r.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE);&#xA;&#xA; r.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15524" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T08:34:57.840" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T08:34:57.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16368" CreationDate="2016-01-07T10:52:29.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have working in a not dissimilar industry and had the following setup;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TrainTestSuite (this might be per supplier/operator)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-testcase-&gt;SingleBooking &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-testcase-&gt;ReturnBooking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both would utilize the same endpoint as the Test Suite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within each test case I would have the following;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Properties (containing from and to locations)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PropertyTransfer (Transfer values to JsonSingleRQ using xpath)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JsonSingleRQ (your JSON request)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duplicate this for your return journeys (obviously with additional values in the properties).  I would suggest to treat them as independent values rather than transferring to opposing targets on the return.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-08T08:27:12.470" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T08:27:12.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16427" CreationDate="2016-01-07T13:26:32.090" Score="1" ViewCount="5677" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing what I wanted to do was, write java code for automate the sending an email via gmail. When I try to locate element of send button it throws following errors.&#xA;The code I used, is like this;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;r7&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;r7&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 30.11 seconds&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I searched the reason for it. I found these using firebug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;:rx&quot; class=&quot;T-I J-J5-Ji aoO T-I-atl L3 T-I-JW&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; style=&quot;-moz-user-select: none;&quot; data-tooltip=&quot;Send ‪(Ctrl-Enter)‬&quot; aria-label=&quot;Send ‪(Ctrl-Enter)‬&quot; data-tooltip-delay=&quot;800&quot;&amp;gt;Send&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;id is not static in every time of the send button. &#xA;But class is same in every message window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can see it by looking at this (from firebug console) and previous one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;:r7&quot; class=&quot;T-I J-J5-Ji aoO T-I-atl L3 T-I-JW&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; style=&quot;-moz-user-select: none;&quot; data-tooltip=&quot;Send ‪(Ctrl-Enter)‬&quot; aria-label=&quot;Send ‪(Ctrl-Enter)‬&quot; data-tooltip-delay=&quot;800&quot;&amp;gt;Send&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally I tried this code,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;T-I J-J5-Ji aoO T-I-atl L3 T-I-JW&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives this error,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The given selector T-I J-J5-Ji aoO T-I-atl L3 T-I-JW is either invalid or does not result in a WebElement. The following error occurred:&#xA;InvalidSelectorError: Compound class names not permitted&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How I fix this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15709" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T13:31:21.867" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:31:36.300" Title="Console prompts error : Compound class names not permitted" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16424" CreationDate="2016-01-07T15:01:49.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because the in the class name  that you have used &lt;code&gt;T-I J-J5-Ji ao0 T-I-atl T-I-JW&lt;/code&gt; ,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;T-I&#xA;&#xA;J-J5-Ji&#xA;&#xA;ao0&#xA;&#xA;T-I-atl&#xA;&#xA;T-I-JW&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are all different classes. When you use the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;T-I J-J5-Ji ao0 T-I-atl T-I-JW&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the spaces between the class name confuses the method as to which class it should look for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try the following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package testPkg;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;&#xA;public class Gmail {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.lk/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Gmail&quot;)).click();&#xA;        String s= driver.getTitle();&#xA;        System.out.println(s);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xyz@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;next&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signIn&quot;)).click();&#xA;        String s1= driver.getTitle();&#xA;        System.out.println(s1);&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait= new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(text(),'COMPOSE')]&quot;)));&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(text(),'COMPOSE')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(text(),'Send')]&quot;));&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code tested on Ubuntu machine and working perfectly. The above code doesn't take into account adding the email address of the recipient and the message body.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:31:36.300" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:31:36.300" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16428" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20035" CreationDate="2016-01-07T15:23:33.900" Score="4" ViewCount="41108" Body="&lt;p&gt;When executing a Selenium test with ChromeDriver, I would like to bring the test browser into focus to see the actions taking place. The way I am able to do that now is by manually clicking the instance of Chrome -- otherwise, the tests do run, I just don't see them taking place. I'd love for the focus part to happen automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My testing environment looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operating System: OS X(El Capitan)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IDE: IntelliJ 15 - community edition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium version 2.48&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java JDK: 1.8&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JUnit: 4.11 ChromeDriver: 2.2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI, I have tried this with no luck (a common answer on StackOverflow):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  String currentWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;  driver.switchTo().window(currentWindow);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestLogin {&#xA;&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp() {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/Users/*******/Downloads/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void succeeded() {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/login&quot;);&#xA;        String currentWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(currentWindow);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;tomsmith&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;SuperSecretPassword!&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;button&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @After&#xA;    public void tearDown() {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14889" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T04:46:21.143" LastActivityDate="2020-06-17T04:46:21.143" Title="How can I bring Chrome browser to focus when running a Selenium test using ChromeDriver on Mac?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16429" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24856" CreationDate="2016-01-07T15:28:59.367" Score="2" ViewCount="18063" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im trying to figure out what the better way to do this is? On one hand separating your step definitions based on the different feature tests is nice for organization (or in case one breaks and you need to fix that specific test)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, I find a lot of repeated step definitions (such as logging in) that end up being referenced in another file (unless I just want to change the wording intentionally).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more i've been separating my step definitions file the most it seems like maybe it's just a better idea to keep them all in one. Is there a major downside to this im not seeing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T04:17:34.980" Title="Cucumber: Multiple vs One step definitions file?" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16430" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-07T15:40:16.753" Score="0" ViewCount="1913" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any one have any good recommendations/guideline policies about using production data within testing environments (sensitive vs non-sensitive)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15959" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-01-07T16:22:10.730" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T16:22:10.730" Title="Guidelines for using Production Data in test environments" Tags="&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16430" CreationDate="2016-01-07T16:21:07.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest taking a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8483/scrubbing-production-data-for-test?rq=1&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; and the answers first. There's some good information in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5737/copying-production-data-to-a-qa-environment?rq=1&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The amount of data cleaning you need to do will depend on your application and regulatory environment. As a general guideline, any financial data &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be scrubbed even if encrypted (if financial data isn't encrypted on your production system that's a whole other issue). Any personally identifiable data &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; be scrubbed even if encrypted. Personally identifiable data for children may be subject to stricter rules than personally identifiable data for adults. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things to watch for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data scrubbing isn't just deleting anything sensitive. You'll need to replace it with something that meets validation and other data integrity rules.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The algorithm used to transform data should be one-way only.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once transformed, your data should still be subject to the same business rules and still meet business rule standards. This gets particularly tricky when there is cross-validation being performed (e.g. does the state match the postal code).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transformed data used to identify records needs to stay internally consistent. For instance, if a common lookup in your application is by social security number, then User X's social security number must be transformed to the same value in every part of the database it's found. (Yes, I know it's not good practice to use something like SSN as a key, but that doesn't mean you won't find tons of places that do this, my workplace among them).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-01-07T16:21:07.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-07T17:33:34.260" Score="2" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iA4UU.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iA4UU.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i am trying to install RFT. At this moment i am not able to select visual Studio integration. My system already have visual studio 2012 installed on my desktop. The check box for Microsoft Visual Studio .NET integration is also disabled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T23:01:48.513" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T00:03:45.410" Title="Does Rational Functional tester Support Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2012 integration?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-07T19:22:29.087" Score="2" ViewCount="1740" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to launch an Opera web driver, but whenever I go to the homepage of the site under test, I get certificate errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using the &lt;code&gt;CapabilityType.AcceptSslCertificates = true:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;caps.SetCapability(CapabilityType.AcceptSslCertificates, true);&#xA;....&#xA;IWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri(&quot;xxx&quot;), caps);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I still get an invalid certificate error. Does anyone have a solution to this issue?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zyhCB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zyhCB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-08T07:10:50.743" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T13:01:36.023" Title="Accept SSL certificates in Selenium Opera C#" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16454" CreationDate="2016-01-07T19:52:36.820" Score="3" ViewCount="469" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been experimenting with Selenium to some success, however it's slow going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ranorex, as I've used briefly in the past can put a simple suite of tests together rather quickly. However, I'm concerned about scale-ability. The website I'm interested in automating testing for is fairly large in terms of how much test coverage it requires.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Watching video tutorials on modulating test steps gives me the impression that Ranorex isn't designed to really support a larger size web-app with detailed testing parameters. Organizing tests and test steps in general look very messy and clunky in the UI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How big are the projects you use Ranorex for and how do you manage your tests and suites? How do you keep it organized?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15938" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-08T06:12:59.343" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T08:52:45.730" Title="Can Ranorex adequately handle a large web app?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11529" CreationDate="2016-01-07T21:07:26.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One suggestion is to try this, if it is the &lt;code&gt;Click&lt;/code&gt; Function itself that doesn't seem to fire you might want to try something like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;searchWhatever&quot;)).sendKeys(KEYS.ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IE Webdriver has a weird bug that doesn't respond to &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt; it just ignores it and fails. So that would explain why it would work in Chrome but not IE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15967" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-04-05T11:24:44.663" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T11:24:44.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16356" CreationDate="2016-01-08T03:57:38.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no quantitative measurement for 'reasonable'. We will always disagree about what reasonable means. When using an application that is of no consequence to me, my tolerance level will be around 1s to 2s. However, my tolerance level will be much higher when I’m dealing with my bank (they have my money).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the measurement of response times, is of little consequence in performance testing. It’s is not a measurement indicative of how your production systems will behave. In my (not so humble) opinion, its just a distraction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ultimate goal of performance testing is to identify bottlenecks in applications before they manifest themselves in production. Its often cost prohibitive to replicate production systems running at internet scale in a performance environment. And if you spend all that money, you rarely get to reproduce the issues in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So lets focus on automated performance testing and what you should be measuring. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first objective is to ensure that all automated tests are running a sustainable load. This is actually easier said than done. I always try to keep the CPU running between 40% and 60%.    You should now compare the throughput achieved and respective in one run with another. The actual results matter less. What we’re looking for is trends as we deploy new versions of the applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several “conditions” under which you could do performanc testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simulating Congested Networks&lt;/strong&gt;. For internal applications, this is akin to using an application in another continent. For internet applications, this is aking to using DSL, or a mobile app in New York at lunch time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simulating resource starvation&lt;/strong&gt;. There are times in production when systems are running at their peak. It often means there is resource contention within the datacenter, network, database or applciation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Simulating Congested Networks&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have a user facing web application, one of the best things to do is to configure networking equipment to throttle bandwdith to that of congested networks, which is often around 700Kps to 1.5Mbps. Further configure the equipment to only allow 2 connections per IP address.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this environment, the objective is to improve response times by looking at where applications spend their time. Poorly written AngularJS applications, for example, have the tendency to download over 1Mbps of assets and open more than 60 connections before it is ready for the user to use. This environment will exacerbate performance issues.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to measure whether the application performance has improved or deterioted, you’d run these tests using the same environment and compare the results between two runs.  After a while you’ll discover a reasonable response time for the specific environment. Its response times has no relevance to the response times in other environments (e.g. production).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Simulating resource starvation&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another scenario is to remove the external limits, but to constrain the resources within the actual nodes. This implies reducing the memory, use slower disks and throttle network connectivity between web and database servers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This often highlights issues that manifest themselves in production when the system is under load and resources are constrained.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, the response times is of less significance. What matters most is where the application is spending its time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a thought process that performance testing itself isn’t as useful as it use to be due to the scale at which applications run. One can only do a best effort with the expectation that you will most likely fail to prevent performance issues in production. Thus spend your precious time better understanding your production systems and identifying usage patterns that leads to performance bottlenecks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to measure performance from the users perspective in production, is by using something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://piwik.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Piwik&lt;/a&gt;, Google Analytics, Akamai RUM or Riverbed WebAnalyzer. If you use a CDN, but no analytics tool, then look at the origin response times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2626" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T03:57:38.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16439" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16442" CreationDate="2016-01-08T06:52:49.457" Score="13" ViewCount="7383" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Blazemeter Chrome Extension to record my Jmeter Test Plans. These recorded scripts are very helpful as they record cookies, variables and sessions that are required and I don't need to take the headache of doing all that manually. These scripts run perfectly fine in the GUI mode of Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I'm facing is to execute the same Test Plan in non GUI (from command line) mode. I haven't changed/modified the jmx file that was executing perfectly in the GUI mode. Now when I try to run the test from command line using below command It returns with an error saying &quot;Could not open Test.jmx&quot;. That is, jmeter is not able to open the Test Plan file when executing in non GUI mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;jmeter -n -t Test.jmx -l results.jtl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-08T08:39:53.487" LastActivityDate="2020-11-06T16:42:31.433" Title="Jmeter: Recorded test plan file doesn't open in non GUI mode" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;blazemeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16435" CreationDate="2016-01-08T07:03:21.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to check your path to the opera profile, it need to be no space and correct path.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.opera();&#xA; capabilities.setCapability(&quot;opera.profile&quot;, &#xA;     new OperaProfile(System.getProperty(&quot;user.home&quot;) + &#xA;         &quot;/APPData/Roaming/Opera/Opera&quot;)); &#xA; capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);&#xA; WebDriver driver = new OperaDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2016-02-03T06:43:07.867" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T06:43:07.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15890" CreationDate="2016-01-08T10:27:20.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With websites supporting multiple languages and the language being select-able from the front-end There is always a list element (drop down) field in the web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the list element and fetch all the options in it using Selenium with Java with a script that would look somewhat like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fetch All Options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = driver.findElements(&#xA;          By.xpath(&amp;quot;//*[@id=&amp;quot;vehicleTypeName&amp;quot;]/option&amp;quot;));&#xA;          &#xA;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; text = new ArrayList&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;for(int i=1; i&amp;lt;options.size(); i++) {&#xA;    text.add(options.get(i).getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Select an Option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;language&amp;quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;dropdown.selectByVisibleText(&amp;quot;English &amp;quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;dropdown.selectByIndex(1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;dropdown.selectByValue(&amp;quot;EN&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2021-02-26T07:47:59.097" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:47:59.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16439" CreationDate="2016-01-08T10:33:56.483" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a lot of Googling and trial and error I found out that a tag in the JMX file that Blazemeter's Chrome Extension generates was creating a problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The JMX file included a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;hashTree/&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; in several places and this tag was causing the JMX file to not being read by Jmeter in non GUI mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I removed this tag and tried to run the test and got a hell lot more errors than earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I added 2 asterisks [**] before and after the hashTree tag. So the tag now looked like &lt;code&gt;**&amp;lt;hashTree/&amp;gt;**&lt;/code&gt; and saved the JMX file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now when I ran the test via non GUI mode it executed perfectly fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.patelmilin.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Patel Milin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2019-11-25T03:34:56.313" LastActivityDate="2019-11-25T03:34:56.313" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16443" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-08T10:59:57.370" Score="1" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having an issue with a menu which needs a double click to activate the main option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first click adds 'focus open' classes to get the UI to open the hover over menu in mobile, the second activates it as a link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to use the waitForCondition command to wait until the menu is open and then click the link again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although a more efficient option might be to do a double click but this doesn't seem to work so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15974" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:30:46.160" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:30:46.160" Title="waitForCondition class change" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16091" CreationDate="2016-01-08T11:04:59.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/getElementsByTagNameNS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;getElementsByTagNameNS&lt;/a&gt; is an alternative means to accomplish what you are trying to do.  I know that getElementsByTagName changes all values to lowercase to process.  Could be its either not counting a capital letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example from the API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elements = document.getElementsByTagNameNS(namespace, name)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-09T13:34:28.427" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T13:34:28.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12676" CreationDate="2016-01-08T11:15:46.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=1&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwjU8ICxiprKAhXLGI4KHeE4BmoQFggcMAA&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fchrome.google.com%2Fwebstore%2Fdetail%2Fblazemeter-the-load-testi%2Fmbopgmdnpcbohhpnfglgohlbhfongabi%3Fhl%3Den&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNGAgTkXd1GXqSLZm9btpLBttZESEg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Blazemeter's Chrome Extension&lt;/a&gt; to record my performance test scripts for Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a simple plugin for Google Chrome using will you will be able to record what you browser in Chrome as you are browsing it. What even better is that it will also record the required sessions, cookies and and variable/field input hence making it possible for you to easily prepare a test plan for web pages that require human interaction or authentication. Once you are done with recording your script, you can download the jmx file and use it to edit/execute your performance tests in Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T11:15:46.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16446" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-08T21:14:41.127" Score="0" ViewCount="4071" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you run selenium on a locked computer?&#xA;I noticed some of my tests fail intermittently on a locked computer. I also tried to increase wait time between clicks and find elements to see if it helps. Does anyone have any thoughts on this? Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T22:18:08.087" Title="Can you run selenium scripts on a locked computer and come back to check on it in 2 hrs?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16446" CreationDate="2016-01-08T22:18:08.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. On linux, you can run commadline utility &lt;a href=&quot;http://linux.die.net/man/1/screen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;screen&lt;/a&gt;. It allows you to have 10 separate terminal sessions. You can detach them and attach later, even from home or another computer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can even name those sessions so you can see into which window you want to switch. Very handy, I have 2 screen sessions running all the time. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-01-08T22:18:08.087" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15982" CreationDate="2016-01-09T03:01:12.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter is an awesome open source tool for performance testing websites and web applications. I like to use Jmeter for my performance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to have an isolated phase for performance testing. I would never execute performance tests in development phase. The reason behind this being in the development phase there the project is not completely developed yet. You will have to develop stubs and drivers to replace the missing components to do a performance test on a module. Plus there are also bugs and issues in the functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an application or website to be ready for performance testing you first have to fix all the functional issues along with broken links and components. Performance tests make HTTP(s) requests to the servers and receive the response and during that they measure the duration, throughput, server health, etc. So for an HTTP(s) request and response to be successful you need to make sure that the functionality really works properly and there are not broken links and components. Hence, I prefer completing all my design and functional tests first and after that I move on to the Performance Testing phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is broken UI or functionality then all you will get in repose of a HTTP(s) request is a error messages and for broken links you will receive 404 errors. These are not really performance issues and hence you will not be able to analyse the performance for your application or website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T05:33:52.490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T05:33:52.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13090" CreationDate="2016-01-09T04:45:18.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can not comment yet, so I will post it as an answer, but it is basically a clarification for &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/7941/dmitry-cheremushkin&quot;&gt;Dmitry&lt;/a&gt;'s answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//View[@content-desc='PASSWORD']/../EditText&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From tree view we can notice that the element we want to access has no unique identifier, but the &lt;code&gt;View&lt;/code&gt; which is on the same level of hierarchy has content-desc set to &lt;code&gt;PASSWORD&lt;/code&gt;. So, first we can look up for this element that can be somewhat uniquely identified by its description&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//View[@content-desc='PASSWORD']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The EditText we want to find is a child of the same parent, so we simple has to go one level up &lt;code&gt;..&lt;/code&gt; and then get the element by its tag &lt;code&gt;EditText&lt;/code&gt;. In this way searching for element by tag &lt;code&gt;EditText&lt;/code&gt; will be limited to children of &lt;code&gt;(2) View&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach should be better then &lt;code&gt;//EditText[2]&lt;/code&gt; as it does not relay on order of elements in UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/6053/butch-mayhew&quot;&gt;Butch&lt;/a&gt;'s answer is even more preferably, as it is always a better idea to supply unique identifiers for elements that are important for testing, as it will make test easier to maintain (no need to change locators on minor UI changes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12360" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T04:45:18.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16277" CreationDate="2016-01-09T06:54:11.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you also maintain a column for &quot;Expected Result&quot; in your test case? If yes then you can write &quot;Same as expected&quot; or &quot;As per expectation&quot; in the &quot;Actual Result&quot; column and attach a screenshot if required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better yet ask your audience how they would like to receive the test documents. Do they need you to write down long logs which I'm guessing no one will be reading (most probably). If its just for the sake of a record in a system then along with your team work out an alternative as I mentioned above. This is because writing a long description of each and everything requires time (which will ad to the overall testing time given) and I'm sure your team will be wanting to spend less time on testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence I always prefer asking my audience what they want and is it acceptable for them if what they wants require more time? If not then we work out alternatives and eventually I provide them the documents in format they agree upon and are easily understandable by them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T06:54:11.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16170" CreationDate="2016-01-09T07:12:37.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very common problem and you will experience it everywhere you go. Every now and then the developers come up saying that they could not replicate a bug on their pc or the development environment. &#xA;AND&#xA;As you asked for a rule of thumb, well a simple rule of thumb is to make a platform independent software platform independent. I agree with Niels van Reijmersdal in that Testing Environment should be similar to Production Environment and if something is working in Development Environment but not in Testing Environment you need to ask your development team to look for the dependency issue. Maybe the Development Environment is different than the Testing Environment and there is something on that platform which is causing something to not work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I always have developers and designers walk up to me saying that a certain web page design looks perfectly fine when they view it in responsive view using the browser tools in Chrome and FireFox. When I see the web page in actual device I find that the design is breaking so I report it and ask them to check whether the animation of JS or whatever it is they used really compatible with mobile devices. Yes it is not possible to check compatibility on every device in the world but we can make a list of supportable environments and check in them. And we need to make sure that the software is compatible in those environments and not in just one specific environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So again the rule of thumb is that the software is suppose to work in production environment and for that it is suppose to work in the identical test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a funnier note you can always tell your developers that we wont be delivering your system to the client or every user of the software will not be using it via your system. ;) :p&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-09T07:12:37.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15392" CreationDate="2016-01-09T08:33:02.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, QA doesn't (or rather can't) do anything on its own. Read the first sentence carefully, I've written: &amp;quot;its&amp;quot; and not his or her. Any guesses why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well QA (I'm assuming you mean Quality Assurance) is a process. Process doesn't do anything. Someone implements the process to get something done. You might want to Google it to learn more about the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now to the question, I prefer to write &amp;quot;Issue has been resolved by &amp;quot; and then close the bug. This works well with my project team/stakeholders. What others write is totally up to them and their team's mutual understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="24820" LastEditDate="2021-03-22T11:28:54.770" LastActivityDate="2021-03-22T11:28:54.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16436" CreationDate="2016-01-10T00:15:49.327" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt; for web automation testing purposes for 3+ years now, and I can say it's the best UI automation tool I've used so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application under test is a fairly huge site, where the end users can create individual accounts, but also enterprise ones that, depending on the account type, have a LOT of options that can be tweaked, configured and administered in a lot of different ways.&#xA;Besides the main web app, there are interactions with two 3rd party billing platforms and CRM product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Organizing tests seems pretty easy and straightforward to me, since you can create in your test suite countless folders and test cases. You can think at it like a file and folder structures where your folders are, well, folders in the test suite and the files, test cases. You can go as deep with the structure as you like.&#xA;Besides that, you can also group test cases in something called test configs (e.g. a test config may contain one or more test cases).&#xA;In my case, we have &lt;code&gt;.txt&lt;/code&gt; files containing multiple test configs, and use &lt;code&gt;Jenkins&lt;/code&gt; to feed one test config to a virtual machine that starts executing all the test cases belonging to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, for data driven testing, you can have something that they call Simple Data Table that is nothing else other than a table provided by the tool. Other options are using CSV files, Excel files (I'm using &lt;code&gt;.xlsb&lt;/code&gt;, especially for large data files. Read more &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.datasafexl.com/excel-articles/advantages-of-xlsb-excel-binary-format/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/data-connectors/excel-file.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; about why is better to use &lt;code&gt;.xlsb&lt;/code&gt;) and SQL tables, although I didn't used it myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; For performance improvements for the test suite GUI, you may want to disable the auto-loading of the data (in case you have a fair amount of data-driven test cases). It's the checkbox from the image &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/data-connectors/excel-file.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T08:52:45.730" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T08:52:45.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15765" CreationDate="2016-01-10T02:06:30.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It totally depends on what programming language you are familiar with, as selenium webdriver supports multiple interfaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is one of my suggestion: use Ruby + Selenium Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Selenium Ruby API to grab text from the web page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Ruby gem - spreadsheet API to grab data from the Excel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare the data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not familiar with Selenium, I would suggest you to manually grab data from the web page and save it into a file, do the same thing to the Excel, and then open both files in notepad++, use notepad++ diff plugin to compare two files and you will be able to see the difference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9147" LastActivityDate="2016-01-10T02:06:30.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16458" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-10T15:32:14.210" Score="1" ViewCount="56" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to implement the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homomorphic_encryption&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;homomorphic encryption&lt;/a&gt; scheme from &lt;a href=&quot;https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/094&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;On-the-Fly Multiparty Computation on the Cloud via Multikey Fully Homomorphic Encryption&lt;/a&gt; by Lopez-Alt et al. I use C++ and I want to know before I start to write the code, how I am going to test my application, what test cases would be useful to imagine for such an application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think to feed my application with inputs beyond limits and other tests like this which are considered for every application, but maybe there are some kinds of tests for cryptographic implementations, special things that must be taken account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I were to implement a hash function I would test it so that it hasn't significant more collisions than expected by theoretical results. I believe that the same strategy applies in my case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15992" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:30:51.797" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:30:51.797" Title="How to test an application that implements some cryptographic stuff?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16147" CreationDate="2016-01-10T21:07:27.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've spent a lot of time working with virtualization, Docker and automation recently. One of the biggest challenges has been to get a good testing environment internally, without having to pay exorbitant amounts of money to use services like Heroku. I knew there had to be a better, more affordable alternative, and I was determined to find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used just about all of the CI services available, including Jenkins, Circle CI, Codeship and Travis. I learned that each of these services has their own quirks. For example: hard to install dependencies, Selenium tests, required infrastructure services, build limits, etc. This is why I have grown to love Drone. I can run my test suite in a clean docker image every time, cache dependencies (just like Heroku does), and run a deploy action if the test build succeeds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Drone for the continuous integration, and Dokku for the PaaS. Drone is built using Go and utilizes Docker. It can be run inside a container itself with very little configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Drone is a Continuous Integration platform built on container technology. Every build is executed inside an ephemeral Docker container, giving me complete control over my build environment with guaranteed isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Drone's integration with Docker means it can support a huge number of languages including PHP, Node, Ruby, Go, and Python, to name a few. Each test will spawn a new container based off of specified images from the Docker Public Registry. You can even make your own to fit your specific application if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've coupled Drone with Dokku, a simple Heroku like PaaS built on top of Docker. Using the Github flow with this setup allows automatic staging of all feature branches that pass their tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With one simple command: &#xA;&lt;code&gt;git push dokku master&lt;/code&gt;, as long as my build passes in Drone, the code is deployed in a fresh Docker container. Dokku builds the app on a subdomain of the Dokku host, and it's automatically deployed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15994" LastActivityDate="2016-01-10T21:07:27.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16091" CreationDate="2016-01-11T04:09:18.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per the rules of W3C custom elements are registered by script using document.registerElement(). Now, it may be possible that they are declared or created  before their definition is registered by the browser. For example, you can declare  on the page but end up invoking document.registerElement('hangout-module') much later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This although this is an HTML element that has a valid custom element name but haven't been registered. Due to this, the element remains an unresolved element until it is upgraded to its definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it may be possible that Webdriver is not yet designed to read unresolved elements. So you might want to look in to it, whether your custom element is registered before it is declared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you try and check whether WebdriverJS reads the element at all or not. Would you try &lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt;, or try to find the element by xpath or id or CSS and assert whether it is present(read by Webdriver) or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-11T04:18:15.117" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T04:18:15.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-11T09:17:22.260" Score="2" ViewCount="1089" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the title mentioned above, how can we test waiting indicator or &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progress_indicator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;progress indicator&lt;/a&gt; on a web-page. I have been assigned following task:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apply wait indicator to display on every page.  If page loads in quickly the indicator would not display.  If the page is slow to load or there is a delay, the wait indicator will display so the user will know something is happening.  The indicator should only show up if page takes longer then 1-2 seconds to load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no idea how to test. Please advise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gXqw5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gXqw5.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="5351" LastEditDate="2016-01-11T09:27:53.643" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T09:54:37.987" Title="How to test Waiting/Progress Indicator?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16462" CreationDate="2016-01-11T09:48:42.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to access the page on a slow network. Get a bad broadband connection with slow internet speed and load the page. It'll take some time to load the page and in the mean while if the page loader displays have celebrations with your team otherwise report a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also try connecting your mobile data to your laptop via hotspot or even via Bluetooth (if you have a Bluetooth enabled laptop or a dongle for it). That might help you with a slow net speed. You can call the customer care of your mobile carrier for settings to share your mobile internet with your laptop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T09:48:42.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16462" CreationDate="2016-01-11T09:54:37.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Depending on what you need to test:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To test the progress indicator.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Find a slow page in you system under test and verify the time between the command to open the page and the moment the page is fully drawn, as well as the appearance of the indicator in between. Document the test case for future use. Add a fast page as negative test. As mentioned in the comment above by @sameer joshi you can spoof slowness by slowing down your connection is some way. Apple has some standard development tools for this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To test the system for progress indicator handling.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Open each and every page of the system and verify they either comply with the positive or negative test case as mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To fully test the system for progress indicator handling.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ask development to give you a slow and a fast version of every page of the system and verify they both comply with the positive or negative test case as mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Needless to say situation 2 and 3 are cumbersome to test manually. Automation would conceivably help here, but: You'd &lt;strong&gt;really&lt;/strong&gt; want to research if there is a standard handling for the function. There should be. Then you only need to check situation 1 and review the code that the same standard solution is present everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T09:54:37.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16091" CreationDate="2016-01-11T17:56:16.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had similar problem when our designer used custom elements (with custom tag) in Angular/material. Webdriver was not able to interact with such elements (TESTacy could be right), but I did not spent much time on researching real underlying reason for this - changing the approach was much quicker :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ended up tweaking design a bit, generating span elements with custom names. Webdriver was able to find and interact with elements generated such way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Webdriver can find all elements with a given name, returns you a list, you can loop through that list and interrogate items to find which you really want by any custom rules (instead of relying on WebDriver to find you needed elements). Or as I once needed, match items from two such lists to pairs based on autogenerated IDs. It is a cool trick to have in your toolbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-01-11T18:01:28.053" LastActivityDate="2016-01-11T18:01:28.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16477" CreationDate="2016-01-12T03:25:09.907" Score="15" ViewCount="11552" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are getting build on alternative days then, once the sprint is started you can start preparing your test cases corresponding to the assigned user stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the build is deployed then you can start executing your test cases, if there is some change in the build then you can execute your test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever a new build is out, you should execute your sanity set of the test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T10:43:31.497" LastActivityDate="2020-07-26T14:29:33.130" Title="When should QA be testing during a sprint? (Agile)" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16471" CreationDate="2016-01-12T05:34:40.150" Score="0" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am a fresher and I want to learn testing on mobile platforms. Please help me out in understanding the required skills I need to be well versed in or acquire to perform testing on mobile platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12798" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T08:30:21.277" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T08:30:21.277" Title="What are the skills need to perform Mobile testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-01-12T14:40:09.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16470" CreationDate="2016-01-12T06:01:00.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some skills you might want to acquire,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Critical thinking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good communication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Domain knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding of mobile platforms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding of mobile networks and how data transfer occurs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiarity with different platforms, OS and browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Awesome reporting skills&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Curiosity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And a hell lot more&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T06:01:00.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16472" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-12T06:58:43.803" Score="2" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a technique to check if something visually not broken in HTML and CSS markup - &lt;a href=&quot;https://css-tricks.com/visual-regression-testing-with-phantomcss/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;visual regression testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check everything is ok.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a test &quot;reference&quot; (creating *.png files).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run test and check what changed. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is better practice - all these &quot;references&quot; should be stored localy or should be commited to repository after check if everything is OK?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the first case more simple and suitable for single development, but second can be useful if I have team and person with QA role - he can check and create references?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have some experience or thoughts about how this will be on practice? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16013" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T08:37:28.803" Title="CSS visual regression - do I need to store screenshots in git repository?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16473" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-12T07:01:14.173" Score="0" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working on flex application and wanted to automated requests through Jmeter. If it is possible to automate requests through Jmeter. &#xA;The application has its backend developed in JAVA and front end is Flex would be a great help if there is any possible way out for this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15970" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T10:21:41.170" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T11:41:32.260" Title="how can we automate requests in JMeter for flex applications?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16398" CreationDate="2016-01-12T07:10:33.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure I understand your problem or not but let me try.&#xA;in your application any pop-up come you no need to use the &lt;strong&gt;sikuli&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;autoit&lt;/strong&gt; same you do in selenium.&#xA;In case you are trying to interact with native app alert, you do not need to switch to alert.&#xA;Just find the element on the alert as you find other elements and perform action. It is working fine for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11874" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T07:10:33.400" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16472" CreationDate="2016-01-12T07:26:17.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Data is always better if it is stored in a central location where it is accessible to all the team members.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may happen that your team is distributes in different geographical location. In that case if your keep data in your local system, then every time you will have to send the data to your team member viz mail or chat or any other file/data transfer app. This also creates a lot of inconsistencies and faulty communications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So its always better to have all the data in a central location (if possible in a cloud based system). One more benefit is that if your system crashes your data is still safe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T07:26:17.973" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16476" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-12T08:31:02.883" Score="2" ViewCount="503" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement to monitor JBoss active threads (of an application under test) while I am performing load test through JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After going through different articles, I came across 2 JMeter which may help in getting this info. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PerfMon Listener&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JMXMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMXMon Sampler Collector&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know which one of these two will be suitable for my requirement. Right now, I have PerfMon listener in working condition in my setup so it will be preferable if someone can share a solution where I can get the JBoss active thread statistics using PerfMon listener alone!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:31:17.270" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:31:17.270" Title="How to monitor JBoss active threads of a web application via JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16469" CreationDate="2016-01-12T08:34:18.910" Score="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;Define a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrumalliance.org/community/articles/2008/september/what-is-definition-of-done-(dod)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt; that includes testing. Define which testing effort is minimal needed to get the work done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time boxed exploratory testing session for each story, just after coding is done or even during the coding sessions, pair with developers to test their work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good balance of UI-, Service- and unit-tests, read about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test pyramid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; is important so that to full product is build on each check-in. So you can test, because the product works. Since &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Working software is the primary measure of progress&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start each PBI with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.agilealliance.org/glossary/three-amigos/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Three Amigo's session&lt;/a&gt;, think about how you can start testing work in parallel with coding.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Focus on automating most if not all of the test-cases, since you wont have time todo a manual test regression each iteration. Quality should be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allaboutagile.com/lean-principles-2-build-quality-in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;build in&lt;/a&gt; the product and cycle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that Agile does not have an official method as it goes for testing. Being Agile means doing what is needed to get the work done, iteration after iteration. If it works keep doing it, if you fail adapt. The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_programming#Practices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XP practises&lt;/a&gt; are the closest as a best practise for Agile teams, which includes testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggested read is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2019-12-18T10:24:45.010" LastActivityDate="2019-12-18T10:24:45.010" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16483" CreationDate="2016-01-12T08:48:34.197" Score="0" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for methods to assert that an action caused the expected navigation. For example, after logging out, I want to assert that I'm back at the login page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first I did an assert on the (relative) URL, but it didn't feel right. As a second attempt, I try to access an element that should be on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;var loginPage = new LoginPage(this.Driver)&#xA;    .LogIn()&#xA;    .LogOut();&#xA;&#xA;var assert = loginPage.LoginButton.ToString();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it doesn't throw, then it can be said with reasonable certainty that the test is successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other methods that you've had success with?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15961" LastEditorUserId="15961" LastEditDate="2016-01-12T09:15:30.370" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T13:50:14.893" Title="What do you assert in a test that causes navigation?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2554" CreationDate="2016-01-12T09:11:08.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestRail &amp;amp; Jira works for us (12 dev, 5 QA, 5 BAs) especially the latest release of TestRail that integrates better with Jira. Costs were minimal for a small team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark Smith.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T09:11:08.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15047" CreationDate="2016-01-12T10:17:31.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the question I gues your syntax might by the problem. Instead of &lt;code&gt;isselected()&lt;/code&gt; you must use &lt;code&gt;isSelected()&lt;/code&gt; (S in selected is in uppercase).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also try using an alternative, for example, &lt;code&gt;isChecked()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;isActive()&lt;/code&gt; method instead of &lt;code&gt;isSelected()&lt;/code&gt;. See if that works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try something like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;boolean v=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;the xpath here&quot;)).isChecked( );&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-12T11:34:15.037" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T11:34:15.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16478" CreationDate="2016-01-12T10:46:12.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try to assert a text in the page you are navigating to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also assert page/window title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to assert whether an image or an element specific to that page is present or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T10:46:12.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16472" CreationDate="2016-01-12T10:52:54.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say No.  You dont need to keep these files versioned.  Ie TestImage1.png will never be updated or changed, as such I would suggest you store them alongside your test results.  At this point you wouldn't be using Git for version control, simply a file store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you wish to maintain the images as &quot;data&quot; (ie used as a means of comparision to its current state) you may find it more practical to keep it in a single place.  I would suggest a consistent format be used and a well planned structure &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-19T08:37:28.803" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T08:37:28.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16478" CreationDate="2016-01-12T10:58:53.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would assert an expected element is present on the returned page using NUnit eg&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        Assert.AreEqual(loginPage.LoginButton.ToString(), &quot;Login&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Common elements to use would be; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an ID (unique element on the page)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page Title &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contextual (like the example above).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avoid using things like the URL which often contain things like session information (and therefore subject to change)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-12T13:50:14.893" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T13:50:14.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16473" CreationDate="2016-01-12T11:15:35.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If its a web application and can be accessed via a web browser, I'd prefer to use Blazemeter (Chrome Extension).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would record my test script using Blazemeter and then export the test plan (jmx file). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then simply open that test plan in Jmeter, make changes if required, increase/decrease threads and add listeners. Then, save the test plan and hit run...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T11:15:35.713" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16469" CreationDate="2016-01-12T15:49:24.517" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;My team struggles with a similar issue having multiple input streams, that are running on different iteration/sprint cycles into a common product.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We tried testing in the dev int area for each team for a while and then marking items done at that point, but we quickly discovered that was too early in the process. We could verify that new functionality was working, but we couldn't test at the integration level which was where most of our defects actually occur. So we basically moved our definition of 'done' to be later in the next cycle, I guess you could call that a hardening sprint since it comes after the initial sprint where the dev work occurred or we call it the 'QA Offset'. Our management team really wanted 'testing' to be 'done' during the same section of time as dev, but this just wasn't practical based on the type of system we are testing. We have been attempting to add different layers of automation, to help us get to done earlier, but on a legacy product that can be challenging. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer your original question, we generally monitor the build and whenever there is a large enough quantity of items in it, we will grab them and start testing. Since we build daily it is about every other day that we will restart testing, which includes the new functionality and a mini-smoke to verify that the older items continue to work.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16022" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T13:58:51.027" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T13:58:51.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14884" CreationDate="2016-01-12T15:50:16.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt; to represent a relative path in your directory &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you used something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;classpathRoot, &quot;../pictures&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details check here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/File.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/File.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/io/pathOps.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/io/pathOps.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-01-12T15:50:16.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13882" CreationDate="2016-01-13T00:10:41.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If yout are testing mobile browser and you need type on required date field to finish fill form, my solution works with any phone in any operational system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;  js.executeScript(&quot;document.getElementById('id').value='1988-01-01'&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16031" LastEditorUserId="16031" LastEditDate="2016-01-14T16:00:40.587" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T16:00:40.587" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16492" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-13T05:06:52.513" Score="18" ViewCount="853" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been a software tester for a little more than a couple of years now and I'm looking to upgrade my skills for the role of Team Lead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Team leaders and managers usually have to do the planning and estimation for projects. I'm trying to learn these skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel I'm not able to reliably assess the testing effort in terms of time, resources and cost. I'd be really thankful if I could get some good pointers to help me understand and do the estimations in a better way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-01-15T02:38:24.413" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T03:29:01.593" Title="Questions to ask when estimating testing effort?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-estimation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16436" CreationDate="2016-01-13T07:27:47.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt; on a Very large web app in the past.  Functionally there is nothing (that i found) that would mean it wasnt able to scale.  As always, how you organise your tests will be your main impediment, not the app/framework itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T08:52:42.660" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T08:52:42.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-13T08:38:54.107" Score="1" ViewCount="2891" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to convert my selenium test from Firefox browser to HTMLUnit driver. But, when I try to run the HTMLUnit test , it gives me error for XPATH. The Firefox browser test runs absolutely fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My application test suite extensively uses XPATH . Hence, I am intentionally trying out with XPATH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException:        &#xA;Unable to locate a node using .//*[@id='tsf']/div[2]/div[3]/center/input[1]&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit:    &#xA;http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.48.2', revision: '41bccdd', time: '2015-10-09   &#xA;19:55:52'&#xA;System info: host: 'WL309476', ip: '10.83.16.25', os.name: 'Windows 7',   &#xA;os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_66'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: HtmlUnitDriver&#xA;at    &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElementByXPath&#xA;(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1161)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByXPath.findElement(By.java:361)&#xA;at     &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver$5.call(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1715)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver$5.call(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1)&#xA;at   &#xA;     org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.implicitlyWaitFor&#xA;(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1363)&#xA;at   &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElement&#xA;(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1711)&#xA;at   &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElement&#xA;(HtmlUnitDriver.java:606)&#xA;at seleniumtest.Test_Google.main(Test_Google.java:17)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my Firefox browser test :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.co.in/&quot;);&#xA;WebElement e =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='tsf']/div[2]/div[3]/center/input[1]&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;The current element is &quot; + e.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my HtmlUnit test :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(true);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.co.in/&quot;);&#xA;WebElement e =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*  [@id='tsf']/div[2]/div[3]/center/input[1]&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;The current element is &quot; + e.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without XPATH it works fine , even on htmlunit driver.&#xA;Problem happens when I have to use XPATH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried implicit timeout as well as sleep , but it did not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no dependency on Javascript as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I tried with PhantomJS , I observed same behavior ie it does not work with XPATH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the PhantomJS code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     File file = new File(&quot;C:/Parag/Software/phantomjs-2.0.0-windows/phantomjs-2.0.0-windows/bin/phantomjs.exe&quot;);  &#xA;     System.setProperty(&quot;phantomjs.binary.path&quot;, file.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;     WebDriver driver = new PhantomJSDriver();&#xA;     driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.co.in/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;     WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='tsf']/div[2]/div[3]/center/input[1]&quot;));&#xA;     System.out.println(element.isDisplayed());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code works fine with Firefox driver but fails on PhantomJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16037" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T21:05:21.483" LastActivityDate="2019-01-24T14:47:06.447" Title="Porting Selenium test from Firefox driver to HTMLUnit driver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16494" CreationDate="2016-01-13T08:48:22.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to apply a little wait for the page to load and then try and locate your element. This is just to be sure that your code didn't execute while the page was still being loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try something like below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(true);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.co.in/&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;WebElement e =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*  [@id='tsf']/div[2]/div[3]/center/input[1]&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;The current element is &quot; + e.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep();&lt;/code&gt; will wait for the specified time before executing the next line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check with this and see if your element is found or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AND&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also check if your web page or the element is dependent on JavaScript. HTMLUnit Driver can't handle JavaScript and lacks of features which normal browsers have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T08:48:22.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16494" CreationDate="2016-01-13T09:19:20.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably the elements you are looking for a updated at a later point in time. First the page is downloaded, then rendered and then the JavaScript is run. The element has not yet been created by the JavaScript. Maybe HTMLUnit does not process the JavaScript correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTMLUnit is &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28008825/htmlunitdriver-htmlunit-vs-ghostdriver-phantomjs&quot;&gt;not know&lt;/a&gt; for its JavaScript implementation. Its primary usage is &lt;a href=&quot;http://htmlunit.sourceforge.net/gettingStarted.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;unit-testing HTML&lt;/a&gt;, although it supports basic JavaScript I do not think you should use it for testing dynamic web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you are testing the Google website which uses JavaScript heavily I suggest you use another headless browser instead, namely &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;. PhantomJS implements the Webkit render engine, which is also used by Google Chrome and Safari. This means its a &quot;real&quot; browser and implements most browser features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T09:19:20.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16501" CreationDate="2016-01-13T10:03:31.210" Score="2" ViewCount="5508" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to handle AVD headless emulator from command line on window 7. I start AVD emulator with command: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;emulator -avd emulator -no-audio -no-window&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then i try to shut it down by closing command prompt, using command: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;adb kill-server&quot;, &quot;adb reboot -bootloader&quot;, &quot;android -s emulator -emu kill&quot;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it still keeps on running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me!&#xA;Best Regards!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15911" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-13T10:05:51.860" LastActivityDate="2018-09-08T21:01:53.143" Title="How to shutdown remote AVD headless emulator from command line on window 7?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16498" CreationDate="2016-01-13T10:14:48.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the command doesn't kill the server, that is the server doesn't turn off, then open the task manager and go to the Processes tab. In the Processes tab look for the process &lt;strong&gt;adb.exe&lt;/strong&gt; and kill/close/end that process and viola, your server will shutdown/close/stop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In command prompt,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;change directory to c:\windows\systen32.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the command &lt;code&gt;tasklist&lt;/code&gt;. You will get the list of tasks running.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Note down the PID of the task you want to kill.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run this command - &lt;code&gt;Taskkill /PID [you task's pid] /F&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to kill multiple tasks run the command with space separated PIDs - &lt;code&gt;Taskkill /PID [you task's pid] [you task's pid] [you task's pid]  /F&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-15T02:53:29.233" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T02:53:29.233" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14692" CreationDate="2016-01-13T11:15:53.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no programming language called Android. Android is an OS and that as well is developed with Java(I Guess).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can learn and use Selendroid using Java. For Java you will get a lot of help from the countless communities and forums on the internet and is completely open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you are already using Selenium Webdriver with Java, I guess it'll be easier for you to get your hands on Selendroid as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also several other programming languages that you can use, but for you using Java will be more advantageous as you have experience with Java and Selenium!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T11:15:53.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16505" CreationDate="2016-01-13T11:26:02.410" Score="0" ViewCount="529" Body="&lt;p&gt;which one should i  use for functional testing and locking my scenario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16043" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T14:06:19.823" Title="Which one is the best in Appium and selendroid?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-01-13T15:22:58.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16504" CreationDate="2016-01-13T14:06:19.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now, it all depends what you want to test.&#xA;Here are some insights differences between them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selendroid can be used only on Android while Appium can be used on Android, iOS, and FirefoxOS (not sure if this is out of development as of now though)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they both support Native, Hybrid and Mobile Web applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User agent testing and cross platform is supported only by Appium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they both support emulators, real devices and cloud testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they both support the Selenium Grid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;not sure about Selendroid, but Appium has good documentation and also a vast community including various blogs, tutorials, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, as I said, it all depends what you have under test, what platforms needs to be supported, what's your experience with one vs the other, etc, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastActivityDate="2016-01-13T14:06:19.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16507" CreationDate="2016-01-13T14:29:53.803" Score="2" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing native mobile apps with Appium (iOS and Android, using the Java client). We have a family of apps where some features are turned on or off depending on the particular app (like A/B testing, but that's not actually what we're doing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How could I exclude tests from the test suite based on what features I know it's going to see in the app under test? (We start the test suite though Jenkins.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be very easy to check at the beginning of each test and then bail out as appropriate, but I'm worried about how that affects statistics of how many tests actually passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5207" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T20:40:09.957" Title="How to handle A/B testing in automated UI tests with Appium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16506" CreationDate="2016-01-13T16:17:03.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most test runners support categories or grouping. Annotate the test methods with something like &lt;code&gt;@Category(A.class)&lt;/code&gt; now you can tell the test runner to run only tests in A.class category when run from Jenkins for a certain build parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For JUnit categories look here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/javadoc/latest/org/junit/experimental/categories/Categories.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://junit.org/javadoc/latest/org/junit/experimental/categories/Categories.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="5207" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T20:40:09.957" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T20:40:09.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16510" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-14T06:14:46.097" Score="1" ViewCount="312" Body="&lt;p&gt;The line marked in star is giving error when the test is run in TestNG&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Guys tell me what am I doing wrong in this.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have attached the excel with 3 rows and 3 columns in 1st sheet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data lib code-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Datalibrery;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&#xA;&#xA;   public class Dataconfig {&#xA;&#xA;      XSSFWorkbook WB;&#xA;      XSSFSheet sheet1;&#xA;&#xA;    public Dataconfig(String Excelpath){&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        File src=new File(Excelpath);&#xA;&#xA;        FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(src);&#xA;&#xA;        WB=new XSSFWorkbook(fis);&#xA;&#xA;         sheet1=WB.getSheetAt(0);&#xA;    } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;        System.out.println(e.getMessage());&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public String getData(int  sheetno,int row,int col){&#xA;&#xA;    sheet1=WB.getSheetAt(sheetno);&#xA;&#xA;    **String data=sheet1.getRow(row).getCell(col).getStringCellValue();**&#xA;&#xA;    return data;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public int getRowCount(int sheetindex){&#xA;&#xA;    int row=WB.getSheetAt(sheetindex).getLastRowNum();&#xA;    row=row+1;&#xA;    return row;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Script Code-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  package SampleTest;&#xA;&#xA;  import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;  import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;  import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;  import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;  import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;  import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;  import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;  import Datalibrery.Dataconfig;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public class ContactusDDT {&#xA;&#xA;       WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;      @BeforeTest&#xA;&#xA;      public void beforeTest() {&#xA;&#xA;      // If the browser is Firefox, then do this&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;          driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;      // Doesn't the browser type, lauch the Website&#xA;&#xA;      driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;      }&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void login(){&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;Websit URL here&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='u157-4']/p&quot;)).click();// contact&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;Contactdata&quot;)&#xA;  public void testLogIn(String Harshal1, String harshalb ,String Hi) throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='widgetu798_input']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='widgetu798_input']&quot;)).sendKeys(Harshal1);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='widgetu783_input']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='widgetu783_input']&quot;)).sendKeys(harshalb);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='widgetu791_input']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Contactdata&quot;)&#xA;public Object[][] Testdata()&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;    Dataconfig conf=new Dataconfig(&quot;C:\\Users\\harshadab\\workspace\\Sampledatadiven\\excelData\\Managemygrp.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;    int rows=conf.getRowCount(0);&#xA;&#xA;    Object[][] data = new Object[rows][3];&#xA;&#xA;    for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;rows;i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        ***data[i][0]=conf.getData(1, i, 0);***&#xA;        data[i][1]=conf.getData(1, i, 1);&#xA;        data[i][2]=conf.getData(1, i, 2);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    return data;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16043" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-01-15T03:28:25.920" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T10:32:45.773" Title="Unable to perform data driven test using Apache POI" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3239" CreationDate="2016-01-14T06:16:32.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Just one change worked for me Jmeter 2.13.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In Screen 1 change ${Var_ViewState} to ${jsfViewState}&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  since you are&#xA;  using ${ViewState} in Screen 2 change that to ${jsfViewState}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Checking Tidy (tolerant parser) doesn't work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;my xpath query was string(//input[@id='javax.faces.ViewState']/@value) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I used the jmeter proxy recording to generate the test plan. &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No changes were made on the encoding on the recorded script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Change the javax.faces.ViewState parameter to ${jsfViewState} in all the recored files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16051" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T06:16:32.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16492" CreationDate="2016-01-14T07:13:06.693" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;For estimation, the following aspects should be taken into account:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Domain knowledge of the team  and the requirements.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risks associated with the project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buffer time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Historical Data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the software life cycle followed by the project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of techniques which can be used for test estimation, namely:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3-Point Software Testing Estimation Technique: Estimation is based on the statistics   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delphi Technique: Estimation is based on surveys and data collected from the experts. This is one of the most common techniques used.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work breakdown structure: A big project is made manageable by breaking it down into several smaller components in a hierarchical structure. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More about these techniques:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/software-estimation-techniques/&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/software-estimation-techniques/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/effort-estimation-model-software-testing-rahul-kumar&quot;&gt;https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/effort-estimation-model-software-testing-rahul-kumar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15319" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-01-15T03:29:01.593" LastActivityDate="2016-01-15T03:29:01.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-14T09:33:09.897" Score="3" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently looking into methods to quantify the effect of QA on a team, be this in terms of overall productivity improvement or net effectiveness.  In doing so I am evaluating various methods by which I can quantify this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, how many bugs are raised and at what stage of the agile process.  Then from that calculate the developer time saved.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There is also potential to couple the ongoing saving of automated tests and their associated maintenance costs.  Or to measure the most effective means of QA involvement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What metrics do you currently use and how you compile the dataset for effective comparison?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Please dont respond with &quot;test early&quot;. That is not a sufficiently robust argument for planning future qa expansion and project involvenent&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-14T16:41:03.083" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T19:54:56.527" Title="Means of Quantification of QA impact" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16513" CreationDate="2016-01-14T13:37:32.133" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;By the success of the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Buy-in for QA will need to come from the top rather then the justification being looked for in data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will, over time, be able to point to things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some major bugs prevented from reaching customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performance issues anticipated and planned for&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unusual bugs discovered for certain conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more new customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more retained customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However statistics like number of bugs per project or person or team, or bugs per sprint, are often not very useful as the various factors that contribute are so variable.&#xA;Measureing number of bugs or bugs per developers also doesn't focus on other issues that affect users such as usability, design, branding, device compatibility, preferences, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that numbers and stats are so important to folks that run the company you can also try to amass and present information on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;significant bugs found pre-production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;best practices for usability to help increase customer retainment and brand loyalty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;best practices for long term maintainability and reduced cost.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;analysis of real user experience to show actual pain points.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;who's using what platforms, devices, browsers and versions and in what proportion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example (2016) - we AB test changes to our car insurance web site.  We recently update our forms to correctly highlight errors, NOT rely solely on red and give better feedback.  This was an effort championed by the QA department based on accessibility best practices.  Result: 1.5 million dollars a year more in revenue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T00:32:46.073" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T00:32:46.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16513" CreationDate="2016-01-14T14:20:28.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Metrics are misleading. You can catch 10 000 useless bugs, but if the one that kills a few patients in the hospital is not caught, you're dead. Well, dead in terms of career, not as much as the hospital's patients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But metrics can be useful to convince people who believe only in them, unfortunately. If, &lt;em&gt;and only if&lt;/em&gt;, the rationale behind the metrics is to convince your hierarchy QA is useful, then begin to think about what they want to hear. Usually, it's about money(adapt if they have other things in mind), and you can compare the cost of an early correction to the cost of a late correction. You can add also the &quot;image&quot; effect of being on delay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilemodeling.com/essays/costOfChange.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;There is literature covering the topic&lt;/a&gt;. It can help you. But remember : the real effect is not measurable in numeric terms. Its only real usefulness is to convince people who don't move as long as they don't have numbers that QA is useful. The real bottom line is that without a QA team, in the modern software world, you're going to vanish from the market. That's why both Michael Durrant &amp;amp; Rsf did insist in their excellent answers that they don't need metrics. They are not useful for doing a proper job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T19:54:56.527" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T19:54:56.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16429" CreationDate="2016-01-14T16:05:38.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just for reference I ended up going with separating out step definitions. It made it much easier to find &quot;ambiguous&quot; errors when I have the same step in multiple step definition files. I've been keeping them separated as per what they are related to: IE: &quot;Logging In&quot;/&quot;Checking Hyperlinks&quot;/etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T16:05:38.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16513" CreationDate="2016-01-14T16:10:16.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is sort of a slippery slope sort of thing to get in, because if you measure by amount of bugs...that's not always accurate. But in some cases it is difficult for managers/etc... to really see the value of QA. Especially in cases where people expect a completely bug free system or otherwise &quot;QA is failing to do their job&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest thing to remember is the time spent. So without QA lets say QA finds 5 bugs on a project during testing time. And lets pretend without QA only 2 bugs would've been found. Each step through the process till release a bug costs more and more time. (Like for example a bug in production wastes 10 hours of time, instead of just 1 hour if a bug is found during test). That's sort of the easiest &quot;financial&quot; argument IMO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, i'd be careful before diving into metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T16:10:16.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16513" CreationDate="2016-01-14T18:06:47.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you have the opportunity to compare two projects delivered one with and one without the QA effort? If projects are comparable you should realize that bugs reported by customers are less both as amount and severity. If not, your QA team could not be set up as it should. Non conformities or variances reported by customers are a huge price to pay not only in terms of money but even of reputation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T18:06:47.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16520" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-14T19:17:50.727" Score="1" ViewCount="414" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anybody know how I can get a fake test account for a Banking Website without consulting the bank?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16062" LastEditorUserId="16062" LastEditDate="2016-01-14T21:31:07.297" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T21:55:19.137" Title="How can I (or a company) get fake Test Accounts for a Banking website without consulting the bank?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-01-15T04:49:01.147" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16521" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-14T20:41:00.633" Score="1" ViewCount="3076" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does Microsoft test manager 2015 come with the Enterprise version of Visual Studio 2015? If not, what version of Visual Studio 2015 includes Test Manager?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T20:08:58.563" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T20:08:58.563" Title="Does Microsoft test manager 2015 come with the Enterprise version of Visual Studio 2015?" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16521" CreationDate="2016-01-14T21:32:58.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In 2015, MTM comes with both Enterprise and Test Professional.  Documentation can be found with a quick search &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj635157.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T21:32:58.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16520" CreationDate="2016-01-14T21:55:19.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are various possibilities out there. &lt;em&gt;Fake credit card numbers&lt;/em&gt; are reserved especially for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/vhelp/paypalmanager_help/credit_card_numbers.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Paypal&lt;/a&gt; has some online info on how to handle testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.mangopay.com/api-references/test-payment/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mangopay&lt;/a&gt; has a sandbox also supporting bank account numbers. Likewise &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.checkfront.com/support/test-gateway&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Checkfront&lt;/a&gt; has a special gateway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.android.com/google/play/billing/billing_testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt; also has special support for testing Google Play transactions without actually transferring money, as has &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/apple-pay/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apple&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to test against a custom api of a single bank they &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; have something similar for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-01-14T21:55:19.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="32692" CreationDate="2016-01-15T04:24:11.487" Score="0" ViewCount="11142" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using https protocol with 3 headers to test API. My test succeeds in postman but I get response code 401 ( unauthorized ) when setting up and running in jmeter. I’m using same value for header parameter in postman and jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my request in jmeter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;POST https://url&#xA;&#xA;POST data:&#xA;room_id=id&#xA;&#xA;[no cookies]&#xA;&#xA;Request Headers:&#xA;Connection: keep-alive&#xA;&#xA;token: token&#xA;&#xA;member_id: id&#xA;&#xA;Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded&#xA;&#xA;Content-Length: 32&#xA;&#xA;Host: host&#xA;&#xA;User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.2.6 (java 1.5)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15911" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T01:38:57.773" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T11:34:45.280" Title="Getting response code 401 when using protocol https in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-15T15:48:35.210" Score="2" ViewCount="785" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following select:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 col-md-6&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label class=&quot;ph_label pointer city&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;l citylbl&quot;&amp;gt;City&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select class=&quot;cities custom-dropdown&quot; data-validation-error-msg=&quot;You  must select a city&quot; required=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;city&quot; disabled=&quot;disabled&quot; data-validation=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;City&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;Shanghai&quot;&amp;gt;Shanghai&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;Beijing&quot;&amp;gt;Beijing&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;cities custom-dropdown&quot; data-target-selector=&quot;select.cities&quot; style=&quot;width: 293px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mySelect = Select(self.driver.find_element_by_name(&quot;city&quot;))&#xA;mySelect.select_by_value(&quot;Shanghai&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I see the test run, selenium goes through this element as if everything was OK, but in fact the city was not selected. Am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8865" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:37:23.067" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T12:35:47.797" Title="webdriver.support.select - Select doesn't interact with the element" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16528" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16529" CreationDate="2016-01-15T20:15:31.483" Score="1" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a QA engineer with a specialization in automation. I have been accepted to a masters program. The program offers 3 options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: 30 credits + thesis + defense&#xA;&lt;br&gt;B: 34 credits + thesis &#xA;&lt;br&gt;C: 37 credits&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to further my career in software testing.  I'm not terribly interested in an academic/teaching career. Would it be better to do a masters thesis or take additional applicable classes?  I personally would rather skip the thesis to take more classes (Option C), but I worry not having a thesis might sound bad/be looked down upon in a professional interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16064" LastEditorUserId="16064" LastEditDate="2016-01-15T20:22:31.577" LastActivityDate="2016-01-16T01:54:11.420" Title="QA Professional working on a masters. Do I need a thesis?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16528" CreationDate="2016-01-15T20:37:12.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with you. I would go for more learning and less research.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure how your lack of thesis will even be debated on interview, unless you volunteer that. Which you would not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly could be mentioned as ice-breaker (&quot;Just curious, what was your master's thesis?&quot;). Then you can explain that you had 3 options, and why you choose third one (as prepared rehearsed statement, so you will not be caught by a surprise).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I was not interested in a teaching career, so I opted for learning more instead&quot;. Sounds perfectly reasonable to me. You can even say which additional credits you took.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most likely questions would be about your most recent projects, possibly internship, hobby programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-01-16T01:54:11.420" LastActivityDate="2016-01-16T01:54:11.420" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5988" CreationDate="2016-01-15T23:39:14.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA Architect can also referred for individuals who build frameworks for QA tests and processes. Should I use Nunit, Xunit, JUnit, Selenium, Robotium, or one of the many other ums? Should I send test details to a log, to a DB, to a server? Do I use Jira, Gemini, etc... These are all questions an architect type person needs to answer. The specific title may vary depending on company, but the generic requirement to be able to answer these questions is a must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16064" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-16T02:14:38.587" LastActivityDate="2016-01-16T02:14:38.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16525" CreationDate="2016-01-16T04:08:09.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might be the case when application expects one more header which is &quot;Authorization&quot; (i.e. it is added when browser asks for credentials with popup). So if your API endpoint assumes a form of username/password authentication - provide the credentials via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Authorization_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Authorization Manager&lt;/a&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-http-basic-authentication-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use HTTP Basic Authentication in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for example usage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not like your Content-Type as well. For API I would rather expect it to be &lt;code&gt;application/json&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;application/soap+xml&lt;/code&gt;. So double check this bit as well and add relevant Content-Type header via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Header_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-01-16T04:08:09.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16535" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-17T17:19:55.440" Score="0" ViewCount="1243" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have multiple email templates in my regression pack and tests include validating the content of email received (examples: Email address, name etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have an idea on how to automate the process of validating the content of email templates ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16098" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-01-18T03:15:43.557" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T21:52:30.083" Title="Validating the content of email templates received using test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-17T23:20:34.023" Score="1" ViewCount="635" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently investigating ways for executing End-to-end testing on a system that contains two parts which are dependent on one another. The first part is a desktop application and the second is a web interface. The desktop application runs on Windows 7 and the Web interface has to work with IE9, IE10 and IE11.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The desktop application uses an API which allows the web interface to retrieve data stored in the desktop application. Data is always retrieved when the web interface is first open and is also retrieved when you click refresh in the web interface. This allows for editing in the desktop application without needing to write it back from the web interface to the desktop application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I have End-to-end tests on the web interface side using Protractor, which is working fine. I want my test coverage to include my application. I have looked into Telerik Test Studio, but my desktop application isn't WPF so it won't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any ideas for possible solutions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16102" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-18T03:09:47.927" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T07:47:09.337" Title="End-to-end testing from desktop app to website" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16510" CreationDate="2016-01-18T11:34:36.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In excel sheet always start with 0-column and 0-row and index 0 as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; data[i][0]=conf.getData(1, i, 0); &#xA; data[i][1]=conf.getData(1, i, 1);&#xA; data[i][2]=conf.getData(1, i, 2);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; data[i][0]=conf.getData(0, i, 0);&#xA; data[i][1]=conf.getData(0, i, 1);&#xA; data[i][2]=conf.getData(0, i, 2);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16109" LastEditorUserId="16109" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T10:32:45.773" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T10:32:45.773" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16542" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-18T12:26:27.507" Score="4" ViewCount="732" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am responsible for testing an enterprise web application, what other things of high value can a tester do to stand out of the crowd. Apart from obvious activities like test data creation, test case execution, bug reports...what other initiatives can a QA engineer , take which will help raise his value to the project/Client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might seems like a subjective question, but i need valuable advice..that i will definitely try out in my project and see if its bringing more value and making me more productive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16113" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:06:01.540" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:06:01.540" Title="How to differentiate myself from other Testers in the team?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-01-23T16:51:23.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16542" CreationDate="2016-01-18T13:08:50.100" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apart from obvious activities like test data creation, test case&#xA;  execution, bug reports...what other initiatives can a QA engineer ,&#xA;  take which will help raise his value to the project/Client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can only do what the situation and context permit you to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some shops testers get to review the Requirements before they are finalized. If that's the case, spend some time digging in an understanding the Requirements, pointing out any inconsistencies and unclear portions. If you are part of a formal Requirements review process, you can make sure that all parties (Product Management, Development, Test) all have the same understanding of the Requirements. That is a great way to avoid bugs, and thus a strong value add that you can provide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Periodic summary reports are a service that testers provide in some shops. A report containing the bug count, the list of open bugs and priorities, etc - can be of value to the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your shop conducts bug triage, you can provide extra value by helping to lead the effort - provide bug lists to the participants, be the scribe for the meeting, perhaps update the bug reports in real time as the triage occurs. The provide everyone with the outcome of the triage session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, testing is a service to the larger team. Find out what they need to be as effective as possible and find a way to help deliver that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T13:08:50.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16513" CreationDate="2016-01-18T13:11:50.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've never used metrics in this way, however, you can build a case with some care and a lot of data mining. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First find out the average time cost per bug found by customers&lt;/strong&gt;. You're going to need to find out how much time is spent in diagnosis, fixing, devising workarounds, and pushing patches, and average over the total number of bugs (this will never be anything but a crude measurement because no two bugs are equal, but if your management wants numbers, it's a way to give them numbers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Next, look at the average time cost per bug found by the test team&lt;/strong&gt;. This is also going to be a very crude approximation, but can be done via the amount of time spent per bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rinse and repeat the time cost per bug calculations for each step of the process as best you can. What you should find is that &lt;em&gt;on average&lt;/em&gt; each bug caught before release saves the company some number of hours developer time. If your company charges a per-hour fee for custom work, use that number to calculate savings, because time spent working on bug fixes is time not spent working on customer requests or new features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as you emphasize that it's an average and the actual differential is going to vary (also, that a good test team is going to catch all the critical bugs prior to release, so the company shouldn't have to face the cost of a humiliating public failure), you have a starting point for discussion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Never use these metrics to evaluate the team performance&lt;/strong&gt;. I can't stress this enough. These are averages and act as proxies for customer goodwill retained by relatively bug-free releases. They don't say anything about the performance of the team as a whole or individual team members.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T13:11:50.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16542" CreationDate="2016-01-18T14:01:05.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you recommending the best/most appropriate way to test a problem? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you thinking of scenarios or perspectives others arn't? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you making sure you are seen as a valued asset within the team and not just a rubber stamp? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I must stress though, is that there is no &quot;quick fix&quot;.  The main thing is to build up trust and respect within the team.  Your hard work and diligence will show over time.  If people around you are talented, then you are in a fortunate position, learn from them and help them learn from you.  This will only make you better in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T14:01:05.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16547" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16579" CreationDate="2016-01-18T22:52:39.610" Score="1" ViewCount="693" Body="&lt;p&gt;My selenium test suite always has a few tests failing intermittently on each run on the firefox browser. On the next run the same tests will pass and new tests will fail. It is usually times out after 3 minutes of webdriverwait looking for an element. I also increase the wait time after clicks with thread.sleep. Any advice on how to fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the intermittently failing line. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement listing = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(&quot;Check the Listings&quot;))); &#xA;&#xA;listing.click(); &#xA;&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T07:22:44.470" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T02:53:54.970" Title="Selenium java tests intermittently fails on firefox" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16527" CreationDate="2016-01-18T23:48:04.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is in the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; html:  disabled=&quot;disabled&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This disables that particular select box.  Selenium can only interact with the web page as if it were a user, so it cannot set the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to figure out what actually sets the value of the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, then use Selenium to drive that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16126" LastActivityDate="2016-01-18T23:48:04.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16542" CreationDate="2016-01-19T01:01:26.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation and push toward continuous delivery is slowly but surely reducing the need for manual testing. Learn BDD and other means of how to ensure developers' are writing good automated test and satisfying business needs. To go even further, learn how to write test code yourself; QA experience and knowing how to code will make you stand out from those that know just the latter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15881" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T01:01:26.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16542" CreationDate="2016-01-19T02:32:58.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;qa_test235, I noticed that your are an unregistered user of this forum and I am not sure how this affects your ability to participate. Become a registered member of Stack Exchange and participate as you can in helping others learn about SW testing and quality engineering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This activity may seem unnecessary or maybe a burden. Over time this will add some excellent research/blogging/writing skills for yourself. Which in the long run will help you differentiate yourself from other testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter what you will learn more about the Testing craft.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="536" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T02:32:58.103" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16547" CreationDate="2016-01-19T06:59:08.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sameer is right in his comment. Using &lt;code&gt;thread.sleep&lt;/code&gt; is a considered a bad practice. I would suggest you to use &lt;code&gt;Explicit wait&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Explicit waits&lt;/code&gt; would allow you to define your own wait conditions , based on conditions like presence of element located, alert is displayed or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a good tutorial on how to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-webdriver-waits-selenium-tutorial-15/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Explicit wait&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as a first approach, please debug whether this failure is due to waiting condition or there is some other reason behind it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you to post the errors/exceptions that you are getting when the test fails. This would help the people here in determining better, what the real cause it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T06:59:08.990" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16554" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-19T08:53:53.590" Score="8" ViewCount="3117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a testsuite A in which I have 6 test cases, and I want to copy it to testsuite B in the same Test Plan TS_1 in Same project 'X'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First I Exported the test cases in XML format and then tried to import in testsuite &quot;B&quot; from import test cases operation, but it is showing an error message &quot;Can not be imported - You are hitting an existent Test Case with SAME EXTERNAL ID:&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives this error even if I choose the option that if it has same External ID create a new version. How can I resolve this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16132" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:21:19.030" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:21:19.030" Title="TestLink: How to copy test cases from one Testsuite to another Testsuite in Same Testplan" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16558" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16647" CreationDate="2016-01-19T13:26:54.357" Score="0" ViewCount="1441" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to build a CodeCeption acceptance test environment for Joomla. To make it easier to reproduce the tests on any developer's machine, I want to provide a Docker based environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm creating the environment using docker-compose: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;web:&#xA;  image: php:5-apache&#xA;  volumes:&#xA;    - ../..:/var/www/html&#xA;  ports:&#xA;    - 8080:80&#xA;  links:&#xA;    - db:db&#xA;&#xA;db:&#xA;  image: mysql&#xA;  volumes:&#xA;    - ../../tests/_envs/sql:/var/lib/mysql&#xA;  ports:&#xA;    - 3306:3306&#xA;&#xA;hub:&#xA;  image: selenium/hub&#xA;  ports:&#xA;    - 4444:4444&#xA;&#xA;firefox:&#xA;  image: selenium/node-firefox-debug&#xA;  ports:&#xA;    - 5900&#xA;  links:&#xA;    - hub:hub&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The CodeCeption setup looks like this (JoomlaBrowser is just extending WebDriver, adding Joomla specific functionality):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class_name: AcceptanceTester&#xA;modules:&#xA;    enabled:&#xA;        - JoomlaBrowser:&#xA;            url: 'http://localhost:8080/'     # the url that points to the joomla installation at /tests/system/joomla-cms&#xA;            browser: 'firefox'&#xA;            window_size: 1024x768&#xA;            capabilities:&#xA;              unexpectedAlertBehaviour: 'accept'&#xA;            username: 'admin'&#xA;            password: 'admin'&#xA;            database host: 'localhost'             # place where the Application is Hosted #server Address&#xA;            database user: 'root'                  # MySQL Server user ID, usually root&#xA;            database password: '1234'                  # MySQL Server password, usually empty or root&#xA;            database name: 'dbname'            # DB Name, at the Server&#xA;            database type: 'mysqli'                # type in lowercase one of the options: MySQL\MySQLi\PDO&#xA;            database prefix: 'jos_'                # DB Prefix for tables&#xA;            install sample data: 'Yes'              # Do you want to Download the Sample Data Along with Joomla Installation, then keep it Yes&#xA;            sample data: 'Default English (GB) Sample Data'    # Default Sample Data&#xA;            admin email: 'admin@mydomain.com'      # email Id of the Admin&#xA;            language: 'English (United Kingdom)'   # Language in which you want the Application to be Installed&#xA;            joomla folder: '/home/.../path to Joomla Folder' # Path to Joomla installation where we execute the tests&#xA;        - \Helper\Acceptance&#xA;error_reporting: E_ALL&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once started, the web environment is accessible through &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:8080&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:8080&lt;/a&gt; (redirecting to installation/index.php on a fresh copy of Joomla as expected) manually. So is the Selenium grid at &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:4444/grid/console&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:4444/grid/console&lt;/a&gt;. Nevertheless, when running a CodeCeption acceptance test, the test only sees the 'Problem loading page' browser message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What did I miss? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5200" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T17:56:31.810" Title="Why is CodeCeption acceptance test unable to access web page through webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15102" CreationDate="2016-01-19T15:53:00.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Julian brought up good points, i.e. make sure your element is unique and does not change. If it is not, then make sure you talk to your developer to add an attribute that is unique and unchanging. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;li input[class='edit']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T15:53:00.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16561" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-19T18:44:36.237" Score="1" ViewCount="2317" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an issue using Chrome WebDriver on a Node Webkit Application, when I click an element (it will open two windows at the same time) driver shows a timeout exception on Click function. I tried using ImplictlyWait, SetPageLoadTimeout, but same issue, it timeouts after 60 seconds.&#xA;Anyone knows how to manage this? Hopefully some of the experts here can help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;&#xA;var button = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;okButton&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;driver.Manage().Timeouts().SetPageLoadTimeout(System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;driver.Manage().Timeouts().SetScriptTimeout(System.TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;&#xA;button.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After click is when TimeOut occurs in driver and I cannot read Current Window nor WindowHandles in driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Stacktrace: at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.CreateResponse(WebRequest&#xA;  request)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Message: The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server for URL&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:56188/session/ef3f1d1e01cefdb22aa178da23dfcd88/element&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:56188/session/ef3f1d1e01cefdb22aa178da23dfcd88/element&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  timed out after 60 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16146" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T02:45:14.133" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T17:30:47.163" Title="Chrome Webdriver click function timeout when opening two simultaneous windows" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16542" CreationDate="2016-01-19T19:19:13.803" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work on your writing and communication. You've asked two questions in your post, but haven't used question marks. Ellipses have three periods. Learn the difference between its and it's. Use an active voice in your writing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Speak to people more than you email or message. Conversely, don't socialize too much or waste other people's time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find topics of interest and share them with the team. This shows initiative and makes the whole team smarter. Call a meeting and present your topic, rather than sending emails with links.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get very smart about your product so that people come to you with questions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suggest improvements to your group's processes, such as retrospectives, planning, automation ideas, efficiency ideas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep track of all your achievements throughout the year so you can summarize them for your performance reviews.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be willing to help and volunteer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get very organized so you can do all these things and still get your base work done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16147" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T19:19:13.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16542" CreationDate="2016-01-19T20:28:47.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you guys have a specific person that does Automation? If not, I would highly suggest you begin looking into Selenium since you guys are webapp-based, depending on your comfort level with coding you could start with just using the Selenium IDE and using the record function and move up to Selenium Webdriver from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16149" LastActivityDate="2016-01-19T20:28:47.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16565" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-20T05:03:36.783" Score="8" ViewCount="1221" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a couple of years of experience in software testing, however I find myself more interested in working on the application code itself.  I've become reasonably proficient in coding over this timeframe and I've found I have more passion for software development rather than software testing.&#xA;How can I leverage my current skills and move into application development rather than QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16152" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T11:10:44.910" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T21:06:03.673" Title="Will coding experience from automated testing translate well for software development?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-01-22T05:42:43.703" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16567" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-20T06:59:40.233" Score="1" ViewCount="1372" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lpXf7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lpXf7.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so plz help me to resolve this issue.i know how to do dropdown using &quot;select&quot; but in my site it is inside div tag . plz help me to reslove this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML Snippet :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;div class=&quot;promptChoiceListBox&quot; style=&quot;width: 120px;&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;     &amp;lt;input id=&quot;saw_3005_7_1&quot; class=&quot;promptTextField promptTextFieldReadOnly textFieldHelper&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; readonly=&quot;&quot; title=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;width: 101px;&quot;/&amp;gt;  &#xA;        &amp;lt;img id=&quot;saw_3005_7_1_dropdownIcon&quot; class=&quot;promptDropDownButton&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; src=&quot;/Myanalytics/res/s_blafp/uicomponents/obips.CommonIconSets/dropdownfilled_e‌​n_choicelistmulti.png&quot; title=&quot;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer;&quot; closingdropdownmenu=&quot;false&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16155" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T07:47:11.217" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T13:45:53.537" Title="Unable to select dropdown in selenium which is assigned with div tag" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15310" CreationDate="2016-01-20T08:05:21.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You first need to get the attribute of the element by using 'Get Element Attribute' of selenium2Library:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  ${style}= | Get element attribute | id=check_style@style&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you get the attribute like &lt;code&gt;&quot;width:20px;height:20px;background-color:#ffcc00;&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then, you can get background-color very easily from this string by using 'Split String' of String library:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; ${style} | ${bgcolor} | Split String | ${style} | background-color:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will get the back ground color in &lt;code&gt;${bgcolor}:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Log | ${bgcolor}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16157" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T08:18:26.003" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T08:18:26.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16567" CreationDate="2016-01-20T08:17:03.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First click on the div element. This should open the drop down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Webelement ele1 = driver.findElement(By.XPATH(&quot;//div[@class='promptChoiceListBox']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA; ele1.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we need to implement some kind of wait here so that we have a time gap to allow the elements to load&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //implement some wait here so that element appears&#xA; WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;&#xA; wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;saw_3005_7_1&quot;)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we need to move to this id element (assuming this is the element in drop down you want to select.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Actions act = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA; act.moveToElement(ele1).moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;saw_3005_7_1&quot;))).click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : This has not been tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T08:17:03.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16565" CreationDate="2016-01-20T08:21:16.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would not worry to much about your background. Good software development is not learned in schools, since it is all about practice and more practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers are in high demand, even people with poor development skills often find a job as a software developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tell your current employer you want to become a full-time developer and ask if that is possible within the current organization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go job hunting for (junior) developer jobs, find recruiters specialized in software development.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do hobby coding projects. If you have a hard time finding any. Look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://codekata.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;coding kata's&lt;/a&gt; which should trigger you to learn and handle real-life problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If needed get a developer certificate for your favorite technology: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.pluralsight.com/best-developer-certifications&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.pluralsight.com/best-developer-certifications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T11:44:55.740" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T11:44:55.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="616" CreationDate="2016-01-20T11:03:35.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is a full fledged activity which goes in parallel. They are like tracks of a Railway line, going the same direction but not intersecting with each other. It's possible to have QA professionals who are well versed in coding and likewise Developers with a good instinct for QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were in your place, I would consider dev and coding experience as a plus point but not a mandatory requirement, unless you are short of coders.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10783" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T11:03:35.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16567" CreationDate="2016-01-20T13:33:42.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to form the Xpath like           &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='promptChoiceListBox']//input[@id='saw_3005_7_1'] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please check the script by finding the element with the above Xpath. Hope it will work because if you take only div tag it will give entire drop down ,but we just need to click on the drop down symbol button in the region of your image added above. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16137" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T13:45:53.537" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T13:45:53.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16565" CreationDate="2016-01-20T15:01:10.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most straightforward option would be to start developing small little tools to help testing. Test automation, scripts analyzing logs, whatever your group need. You know your needs better than developer. Talk to your manager about possibilities of automation you see, and how you want to improve productivity of your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More disruptive way will be to try becoming developer in your existing company (but still less disruptive/less risk for you than landing a dev job in different company).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, if you want to stay in your company, most straightforward way would be to ask permission to fix some bugs, if both managers (dev and QA) allow it and developers agree to help you to &quot;show the ropes&quot;. Ask the manager of developers, s/he might be able to arrange with your manager. Maybe even splitting your time between QA and development, to get your feet wet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you benefit of knowing the application, as compared starting as junior developer in different company working on different application. Less moving parts, less possibilities for failure, less risk for both you and the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For company hiring you as developer is also beneficial (less risky), because outside junior developer does not know the application, while you do, to certain extend. So they might even be open to pay for some of your training/certification (especially if you do the learning in your own free time), just ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Niels' answer is correct in explaining how you can get skills on your own. I focused on my answer how to present (and get the buy-in from managers) the transfer inside your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot get traction for the transition to the developer in your current company, you may consider to get job in another company. As the saying goes: &quot;if you cannot change your company - change your company&quot; :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-01-20T20:04:30.660" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T20:04:30.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-20T15:05:14.677" Score="1" ViewCount="209" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have Web Performance Test created in Coded UI 2013, this test uses a csv file for providing the Form Post-parameters value. Now, from this performance test I have created a Load Test with number of users as '2' and number of iterations as '4', but when I run this Load Test I found that it is always picking up only First entry/row from the csv file, while I want it to pick different row for each user/iteration in a sequential way. I verified the properties of csv file and it's 'Access Method' value is 'Sequential'. I have tried with different 'Test mix Type' models too, but still same result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to parametrize this load test so that each user uses a new row from csv file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T16:41:29.503" Title="Coded UI data driven Load test issue" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16576" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16935" CreationDate="2016-01-20T16:40:38.500" Score="4" ViewCount="2855" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been doing research into implementing Selenium Webdriver (currently version 2.49) for testing on Firefox. Currently I am capable of testing Chrome with the framework, but would like to extend this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on my research so far, it seems Mozilla are pushing the Marionette API for interacting with the browser, rather than using the older FirefoxDriver. However after attempting to implement this I have had nothing but problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On my testing machines (OS X El Capitan and Debian 8.2) I have installed the selenium-standalone-server and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jgraham/wires/&quot;&gt;'wires'&lt;/a&gt; middleware to allow for Firefox Marionette to communicate with the Selenium server. I've been testing with the current Firefox Nightly build and Selenium Webdriver for Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently setting up the RemoteWebDriver capabilities as so;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String profileName = System.getProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.profile&quot;, &quot;Webdriver&quot;);&#xA;ProfilesIni profiles = new ProfilesIni();&#xA;FirefoxProfile profile = profiles.getProfile(profileName);&#xA;profile.setAcceptUntrustedCertificates(true);&#xA;profile.setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer(true);&#xA;&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.PROFILE, profile);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);&#xA;capabilities.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;marionette&quot;, true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And creating the RemoteWebDriver itself as follows;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(address), capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to work for actually launching the browser and sending the first few commands to the Selenium server. However when the 'wires' application receives the data, it doesn't use it from what I can gather. When creating a new Firefox session, the required capabilities (such as circumventing SSL cert checks) are not passed along.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1453306234222   Marionette  TRACE   conn0 -&amp;gt; [0,1,&quot;newSession&quot;,{&quot;capabilities&quot;:null,&quot;sessionId&quot;:null}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The certificates for the sites in question are self-signed, though the URLs mismatch (and due to the number of sites, installing new SSL certs will take some time). However I would expect the 'acceptSslCerts' capability to handle this correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone encountered any problems like this before? And if not, what options do I have to avoiding the SSL cert checks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16167" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T19:50:02.823" Title="Using Selenium Webdriver For Firefox Testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16575" CreationDate="2016-01-20T16:41:29.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I got solution for the same, actually I was looking the VSTS Performance tests in wrong way. Unlike other performance/load testing tools (like JMeter) VSTS is picking up values from csv file per Iteration base not per User base. So, in VSTS if there is only 1 iteration while number of users as 4, 10 etc. (any number), then it will always pick only 1st entry from csv file. Whereas if we increase number of iteration then VSTS starts picking up values from csv file in sequential way. I feel this a bit weird behavior as compared to other tools I have worked on, but may be this is the way VSTS works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T16:41:29.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16565" CreationDate="2016-01-20T21:06:03.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; software development. And in my experience, it is approximately as difficult as writing the thing you're testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: If you were good at test automation, you will be good at software development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By &quot;good at test automation,&quot; I mean that the tests you write are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliable (the information they report accurately describes something about system being tested)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Useful (they produced information that helped people make better decisions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Readable (someone else can read the test code and quickly understand what it is testing, and how it is testing it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintainable (the tests are easy to change when the system, the test environment, or third-party test libraries change)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... probably some other attributes that I can't think of right now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can write test code like that, you can be a good developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2016-01-20T21:06:03.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16547" CreationDate="2016-01-21T03:29:21.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of a fluent wait method that I've integrated with my testing that will poll to see if an element is present every &lt;code&gt;500 milliseconds&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;30 seconds&lt;/code&gt; before failing, you can call it and treat it like a regular WebElement so it may be helpful in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static WebElement fluentWait(WebDriver driver, final By locator)&#xA;{&#xA;    Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; wait = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver)&#xA;            .withTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;            .pollingEvery(500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)&#xA;            .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement element = wait.until(new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, WebElement&amp;gt;() {&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            return driver.findElement(locator);&#xA;        }&#xA;    });&#xA;    return element;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So calling it  would look something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement listing = fluentWait(driver, By.linkText(&quot;Check the Listings&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;listing.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should help you bypass the infamous &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; dilemma &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16149" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-11T02:53:54.970" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T02:53:54.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12954" CreationDate="2016-01-21T08:46:31.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I read in the documentation the Synchronizer does not support syncing of test cases, but only defect data between projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://update.external.hp.com/qualitycenter/qc110/sync/almsynchronizer/HP-ALM-Sync-UserGuide.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HP ALM Synchronizer user guide&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Welcome to HP ALM Synchronizer. Synchronizer enables you to&#xA;  synchronize HP Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) data with data&#xA;  in another application. You can: ➤ Synchronize defect data between ALM&#xA;  and Rational ClearQuest or Microsoft Team Foundation Server. ➤&#xA;  Synchronize requirement data between ALM and Rational RequisitePro or&#xA;  Microsoft Team Foundation Server. ➤ &lt;strong&gt;Synchronize defect data between&#xA;  two ALM projects&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe contact HP ALM support to ask if this possible an how. I think the HP ALM community here is to small to have experience with this sync product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T08:46:31.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16582" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-21T11:45:12.447" Score="1" ViewCount="1699" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created Thread Group that contains :&#xA;&lt;code&gt;User Defined Variables (FedAuth_v,FedAuth1_v)&lt;/code&gt; &#xA;&lt;code&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager (FedAuth - value:${FedAuth_v}&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;FedAuth1 - value:${FedAuth1_v}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then i Have &lt;code&gt;jp@gc - WebDriver Sampler&lt;/code&gt; with code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; var vars = org.apache.jmeter.threads.JMeterContextService.getContext().getVariables()&#xA;var cookie1=WDS.browser.manage().getCookieNamed(&quot;FedAuth&quot;).toString()&#xA;var cookie2=WDS.browser.manage().getCookieNamed(&quot;FedAuth1&quot;).toString()&#xA;&#xA;vars.put('FedAuth_v',cookie1) &#xA;vars.put('FedAuth1_v',cookie2)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this sampler i need to use this cookies in HTTP request , but it fails and it still use initial value of &lt;code&gt;FedAuth1_v&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;FedAuth_v&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to realize it ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To add, my HTTP Request uses https protocol, proxy.&#xA;I have tried to check &quot;secure&quot; option in HTTP Cookie Manager but with no results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vEGa2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vEGa2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16178" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T12:07:06.850" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T12:38:23.277" Title="How to store cookies from Webdriver Sampler in HTTP Cookie Manager - JMeter" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8619" CreationDate="2016-01-21T12:08:01.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will be good to do this with firepath, it works well for Firefox browser. And once you know the path you can implement the same (litle changes might be need for explorer though) for other browsers. Please check the link, it has a better explanation &lt;a href=&quot;http://richasd.blogspot.in/2015/05/xpath-how-to-locate-webelements-using.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;for locating an element&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16180" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T12:08:01.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16582" CreationDate="2016-01-21T12:38:23.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Problem solved by this steps:&#xA;Changed cookie Policy to compatible&#xA;Changed cookie Implementation to HC3CookieHandler&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the last but not least, Internet Explorer Driver has got some problems with getting cookies named, changed to Chrome Driver and now everything works &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16178" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T12:38:23.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16586" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-21T13:19:02.397" Score="0" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been trying to get our TC (TestComplete) results in VSO (Visual Studio online) but so far I have not been able to get it to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a summary of my findings so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The mht file that TC generates is not supported by VSO as far as I can tell.&#xA;The xml files that are generated do not work in VSO though xml itself is supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be possible to get the xml files to work by creating a JUnit template for the xml files but that seems like quite the workaround.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also been trying to run MSTest.exe from the commandline and this generates trx files which is supported by VSO but I could not get the tests to work using MSTest and the commandline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know how to get our TC test results in VSO and I appreciate any help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16184" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T12:22:29.983" Title="How to get TestComplete results in Visual Studio Online" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10488" CreationDate="2016-01-21T16:16:37.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test the underlying code as mentioned by Rsf.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider using tcltest&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.4/TclCmd/tcltest.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.4/TclCmd/tcltest.htm&lt;/a&gt; and&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.tcl.tk/14465&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://wiki.tcl.tk/14465&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically about the gui - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/3771683/631619&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/q/3771683/631619&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Record and play  - &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.tcl.tk/15726&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://wiki.tcl.tk/15726&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T16:16:37.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16588" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-21T17:08:57.763" Score="2" ViewCount="1582" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since many companies are adapting to agile practices, TDD and all it's surroundings - will testing (test automator, not a manual tester) disappear? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am very worried about my future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16188" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-01-22T08:01:19.600" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T08:01:19.600" Title="Is testing/automation as a profession going to die?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-01-22T08:01:01.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16588" CreationDate="2016-01-21T17:45:04.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked for an agile company, as you can see I use the past tense, I no longer have a job and it was the all the fault of the scrum masters they hired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I now work for the manual testing factory, I don't have to think at all and I just carry out the commands on the test script. I like it here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16191" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T17:45:04.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16588" CreationDate="2016-01-21T17:46:14.073" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very unlikely your job will go away. You can relax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There might be two different threats to QA test engineer job:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(A) developers writing all tests, including E2E.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(B) QA test are kept separate but are outsourced to country with cheaper workforce (even if core development is done in more expensive country with presumably more skilled workforce).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(C) Continuous growth of complexity (negates forces above)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(A) Developers write unit tests. &lt;strong&gt;System/integration/E2E tests are better written by someone else.&lt;/strong&gt; Second set of eyes reading the same requirements may see discrepancies, find unsaid assumption (or tests will find them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, system/E2E &lt;strong&gt;tests could be much more productively written in a flexible scripting language like Python,&lt;/strong&gt; even in cases if the system itself has to be written for whatever reasons in more strict and less productive language like Java or C++ (i.e. for speed). In this case, requiring developers to write test E2E tests in different language will be obvious hit to productivity. But even if both development and QA engineers use same language (say core app is developed in Python), &lt;strong&gt;writing tests requires slightly different skills&lt;/strong&gt; - if core developers do not need to be experts in Selenium, locators, tricks to simulate interaction with the page, etc, they can be more productive in developing core app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is all about specialization.&lt;/strong&gt; Of course if you are working in a startup with 3 developers, such specialization is not possible :-) or even advisable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(B) It is possible that &lt;strong&gt;big part of such QA jobs will be outsourced&lt;/strong&gt; to India and other countries with less expensive workforce. You can see huge amount of questions coming from users with South East Asia names. Then again, looking at the types of questions asked, and uneven quality, jobs of QA test engineers in developed countries should be reasonably safe - if they will &lt;strong&gt;use the advantage they have: face-to-face communication&lt;/strong&gt; with other participants of the development process, and &lt;strong&gt;keep they skills sharp.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So QA automation as profession will not die - just jobs might be located elsewhere, as manufacturing was. Or more recent relevant example, medical work in analyzing X-rays (was outsourced to India, images being transferred via Internet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inevitable &lt;strong&gt;result of globalization&lt;/strong&gt; is that work is performed where it is most profitable for the corporations. So yes, long-term trend would be to lower the salaries of workers in expensive countries, and rise in salaries in less expensive countries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(C) If you read &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~EWD/transcriptions/EWD03xx/EWD340.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Humble Programmer&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;1972 Turing lecture award&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edsger_W._Dijkstra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Edsger W. Dijkstra's&lt;/a&gt; you see that complexity we (as programmers) handle increases continuously. So as far as you are keeping current in technologies, you will have (increasingly complicated) job. The trend (to add complexity to tasks we handle as performance and capabilities of computers increases) was visible in 1972 and is going strong, so it is not going to go away anytime soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, long-term, we are all dead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-01-21T21:16:42.583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T21:16:42.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16588" CreationDate="2016-01-21T19:27:45.440" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile practises are all about automated testing, therefor on the long run I think manual testers should be worried for their jobs. Currently I am talking with recruiters and they ask me why are there not more people with your skill set, that of an automated tester. Since there is a lot of demand for this in the Netherlands at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you take a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing pyramid&lt;/a&gt; at-least 10% of the automated testing work is for traditional automation testers. Bigger Agile teams 6-9 people should have one test automation expert in their mids, although it might be necessary to help with development beginning of the iteration. Testers should pick up skills to really fit in a cross-functional team, certainly for the smaller teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bigger companies the ones with +10 teams often have dedicated teams for setting up continuous delivery and or automated test tooling. If you look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://ucvox.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/113617905-scaling-agile-spotify-11.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;scaling Agile at Spotify&lt;/a&gt; you see they have Chapters. I imagine they have chapters for all kinds of different automated testing like UI, Build Pipelines and the such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think test automation will only grow with more businesses going the Agile route. Also not all developers are keen on doing this integration- and ui-testing, so there will be enough work for the people who do like this kind of stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T19:27:45.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16588" CreationDate="2016-01-21T19:32:32.550" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that testers will be needed for the near future, but over time, automated testing will be built into program development tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16121" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T19:32:32.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16594" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16595" CreationDate="2016-01-21T20:11:34.010" Score="0" ViewCount="668" Body="&lt;p&gt;I typically write automation using Java/Selenium but placing an order using a typical script takes close to a minute per order on our sites. I'm looking at potentially placing hundreds if not thousands of orders which will take on the order of days. Validation of the orders will be completed by a monitoring service so the script doesn't need to do any validation... it just needs to place orders as fast as possible. I'm looking for other tools or methods to place orders using automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have investigated the web service route and there are none available. I am currently exploring placing orders using LoadRunner. This method is placing an order about every 5s but I think I'm going to run into issues mapping all the different product options into the script... besides the fact that I feel like I'm using a screwdriver to hammer a nail...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions on how to accomplish this? I'm open to just about anything. I am familiar with Eclipse/Java/Selenium and Visual Studio/C#. I think we'd be open to even purchasing a tool, depending on the cost, if it made this task easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I can't find another option, I'll probably end up writing the script in Java/Selenium and running multiple instances. There are reasons why this may be an issue also though, thus the search for alternate approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7791" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T20:30:35.540" Title="Looking for approaches to placing orders on an eCommerce website quickly" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16594" CreationDate="2016-01-21T20:30:35.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, this depends on your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a former location there was a database that orders was injected into after initial processing, by injecting into the database directly I was able to make millions of orders in a matter of minutes. This will usually bypass many parts of the system (Payments, Inventory validation etc). If those pieces are not being tested than bypassing them should be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a tool to process orders quickly, your best option would likely be a load testing tool. That is what they are designed for. So essentially, you're using a hammer to hammer a nail. There is many, including load runner or JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to continue to use Selenium, I would recommend using the HtmlUnitDriver since it is a headless version and will execute far faster than any browser. You could run multiple instances simultaneously using a grid with multiple VMs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also great tools for load testing the API portions which would likely achieve faster results than the UI pieces, since the UI likely hits those APIs anyways. LoadUI is/was a good tool for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-01-21T20:30:35.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16561" CreationDate="2016-01-21T22:44:33.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is super odd, in terms of your code though, everything looks correct. the problem does not seem to be on your end.  If you call the click method, and selenium times out AFTER the browser performs that click, then the problem is likely with the return trip from the browser's embedded http server that your tests communicate with.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your stack trace also seems to suggest this considering that the method which is failing appears to be the one that processes the response which tells your test whether that click action succeeded or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you using the latest version of chrome, and are you also using the latest version of chromedriver?  If one of the two had an upgrade recently then that could be throwing you for a spin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2016-01-22T17:30:47.163" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T17:30:47.163" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8619" CreationDate="2016-01-22T01:44:01.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're using chrome, you can go into chrome developer tools and go to the source tab.  From there you can pause browser execution using the pause button at the top.  Wait for the notification to appear and then pause the browser so it doesn't disappear on it's own.  That will let you take your time to observe the html and decide on a css selector that adequately targets it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have your css selector you can approach the problem like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Lets pretend that the css selector you want is a classname called &quot;notification&quot;&#xA;By css = By.cssSelector(&quot;.notification&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;&#xA;// throws TimeoutException if it doesn't become present after 30 seconds.  &#xA;// Assuming it appears, it returns a WebElement for further use,&#xA;// otherwise null.&#xA;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(css));&#xA;&#xA;// throws TimeoutException if it doesn't become visible after 30 seconds&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(element));&#xA;&#xA;// throws TimeoutException if it doesn't disappear after 30 seconds&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.stalenessOf(element));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example will give you 30 seconds of flexibility for the element to enter different states, appearing, displaying, and disappearing.  You can perform actions in-between these to deal with each specific state.  Or catch the exceptions to react to them if they fail.  Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T01:44:01.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16122" CreationDate="2016-01-22T07:12:04.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boundary Analysis work&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example:Q&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;In an Examination a candidate has to score minimum of 24 marks in order to clear the exam. The maximum that he can score is 40 marks.  Identify the Valid Equivalence values if the student clears the exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a)    22,23,26&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b)    21,39,40&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c)    29,30,31&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d)    0,15,22&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The classes will be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Class I: values &amp;lt; 24   =&gt; invalid class&#xA;Class II: 24 to 40       =&gt; valid class&#xA;Class III: values &gt; 40 =&gt; invalid class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have to identify Valid Equivalence values. Valid Equivalence values will be there in Valid Equivalence class. All the values should be in Class II. So answer is ‘C’&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T07:12:04.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15770" CreationDate="2016-01-22T07:27:00.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Forward Proxy Performance&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performance&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance can mean a lot of things. The least interesting but most widely cited benchmark for this kind of server is “how many 1k responses can it serve from memory per second?” but that doesn’t tell you how it will do serving 200K (or 200M) responses from disk, which is a much more difficult thing to manage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try looking at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Persistent connections&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— support is necessary for good performance, and a good proxy server should be able to handle tens of thousands of idle connections with nearly no overhead. This means epoll, kqueue, libevent or similar under the covers. Make sure it supports HTTP/1.1 chunked encoding as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hit rates&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— it’s necessary to test the code paths both to the cache and forward to the origin server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response sizes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— seeing how a server handles large vs. small responses can be revealing about its internal pipeline; if the data is copied a lot, large responses will have a disproportionate effect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response latency&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— inter mediation means adding an extra layer, so it’s critical that it doesn’t add latency as well. A proxy should be able to serve a hit in less than a millisecond, easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overload behavior&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— when the proxy gets overloaded, it should degrade gracefully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disk traffic&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— Disk caching is much more difficult to get right. Testing this is tricky, because you have to have a working set bigger than the memory cache. See polygraph for a start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cache efficiency&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— some implementations take shortcuts which improve benchmark speeds by making the cache less than perfectly efficient for a given workload. This may or may not be good for your use case, but you need to be aware of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extra features&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— often, caches are bench marked with everything “extra” — e.g., logging, ACLs — turned off. If they’re in the critical path, these can affect performance greatly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Per-object overhead&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;— caches need to be able to find things quickly, and this means some level of per-cached-response overhead in memory. The amount of overhead can limit the overall Scalability of your cache (because it consumes too much memory), but sometimes having more metadata in memory helps the cache be more efficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T07:27:00.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16586" CreationDate="2016-01-22T12:22:29.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there's an easy way to do this, I don't know it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, it can be done, but depending on exactly what you want it might take some heavy code work: essentially you'd need to run the Test Complete .mht file through an XML transform of some description to reformat it to something VSO recognizes and will display, then attach it to whatever work item in VSO you need it linked to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're wanting full linkup between test cases in VSO and the Test Complete results things get a bit more complicated and would need the TFS API to handle associating various pieces. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T12:22:29.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16498" CreationDate="2016-01-22T15:55:06.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try running this command: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adb -e emu kill&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16206" LastActivityDate="2016-01-22T15:55:06.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16606" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16616" CreationDate="2016-01-22T16:35:44.620" Score="2" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;When creating a negative automation test script, should this be separated from my positive script, or can I also include the negative scenario in my script. I am using protractor for this. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-01-24T14:36:59.930" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T12:53:39.373" Title="Creating negative automation test scripts" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7586" CreationDate="2016-01-22T22:35:10.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had good success with &lt;a href=&quot;https://testable.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://testable.io&lt;/a&gt;. It lets you test websockets by writing a Node.js script and then replaying it at scale and giving you plenty of metrics (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.testable.io/post/137725366323/websocket-performance-testing-in-4-simple-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebSocket Performance Testing in 4 Simple Steps&lt;/a&gt; from Testable Blog). Not sure if the free tier would generate enough load for you, but something to try out potentially.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16214" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T06:44:17.590" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T06:44:17.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16619" CreationDate="2016-01-22T22:52:39.517" Score="9" ViewCount="340" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a newbie in automation testing. The question that bothered me while creating scripts was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it only GUI testing or do we also have to create Integration automation scripts? What would be our boundaries when a developer also does his own testing (unit, component/integration)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T23:59:31.080" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T13:19:26.917" Title="What should an automation tester create a script for?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16609" CreationDate="2016-01-23T02:37:12.347" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it only GUI testing? &#xA;No, it's up to you. Personally, I create automation tests for the test cases that are often executed, and the test that is simple (not complex).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do we also have to create Integration automation scripts? &#xA;Yes, we do. It is part of testing and hence the testers' job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be our boundaries when a developer also does their own testing(unit, component/integration)?&#xA;From my experience, there are no boundaries. Developers and Testers have to work together to maintain test scripts because it is the most time-consuming tasks. By the way, I usually ask developers to do unit testing, and I will create GUI tests for them, then we help each other to maintain test scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16216" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-23T03:03:46.683" LastActivityDate="2016-01-23T03:03:46.683" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16606" CreationDate="2016-01-24T08:01:05.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion you should not mix positive and negative paths because every test has to be independent and give a clear result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose that you create 100 scripts both positive and negative and all tests with negative paths fail, in theory you'll never know if they would fail even with positive ones until you fix your code. My suggestion is having a reasonable granularity of the test suite but focus mainly on maintenability of the suite itself e.g. balancing the amount of automated and manual tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2016-01-24T08:01:05.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16606" CreationDate="2016-01-24T14:34:20.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The trade-off is between script length and diagnostic value:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Script length:&lt;/strong&gt; one script with everything in it may be shorter (and should never be longer) than a positive script plus a negative script, because multiple scripts will duplicate setup steps.  Because it has fewer steps, the everything script will probably be faster to execute than multiple scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diagnostic value:&lt;/strong&gt; diagnosing bugs is a narrowing-down process; you try different variations on a test until you find the shortest possible variation that reproduces the bug.  The script with everything is probably not the shortest possible variation, and so it has less diagnostic value than the positive-only or negative-only script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of us can tell you how to make that trade-off.  If you have lots of developers and only one tester, you may choose to optimize for script length.  If you have enough testers, and it tends to take a long time for a developer to narrow down a bug to its cause, you may choose to optimize for diagnostic value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most likely, you have both problems, i.e. not enough testers and too long to narrow down the bugs, and so you will have to make the trade-off using your own judgement.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T12:53:39.373" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T12:53:39.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16609" CreationDate="2016-01-24T20:38:23.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;On our Group we have both a combination of applications that are UI driven and others that are just public facing API Interfaces. In both cases the development team is usually doing unit testing and a single a happy path integration test. The QA Team (of which I am part of) we generate automated test scripts that are repeatable and verify all of the business case requirements both negative and positive, boundary conditions, special characters, etc... In the case of our UI applications, we provide the automation around the UI. The Dev's typically only manually test the UI's to make sure that the fields map correctly. For tests that are look at deem as being manual manual, I typically try to automate as part of the process as possible. Data Setup, Data Verification etc, so that when / if we need to rerun them, they become more repeatable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8829" LastActivityDate="2016-01-24T20:38:23.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16620" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-24T21:04:31.867" Score="7" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm refactoring our test suite to take advantage of &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;page object&lt;/a&gt; pattern. I'm missing how to structure the actual tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say that I want to test StackOverflow posting and deleting. Once scenario may look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Scenario 1: Posting Test&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a post&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the post is visible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Scenario 2: Removal test&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a post&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove the post&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the post is gone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;My question:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general guidelines for auto tests seem to be to have as few items asserted as possible. However, it is quite obvious that &lt;em&gt;Scenario 1&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Scenario 2&lt;/em&gt; are nearly identical and violate &lt;em&gt;DRY&lt;/em&gt;. On the other hand, if I combine these two it's going to be difficult to understand the failures and perhaps the length with impact readability and ease of maintenance. Given that in real testing, there may be scenarios with dozens of overlapping steps, what is the best way of structuring them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Edit:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/37-oop&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog post&lt;/a&gt; that describes a remarkably similar scenario and a potential solution. Briefly, the suggested solution is to create &lt;code&gt;PostTest&lt;/code&gt; class, and then inherit &lt;code&gt;RemoveTest&lt;/code&gt; class from it. This adheres to &lt;em&gt;DRY&lt;/em&gt;, but I still have my doubts about this approach. If posting fails, both &lt;em&gt;Posting test&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Removal test&lt;/em&gt; will fail and produce noisy output (especially if tests are executed in random order). I'm still not sure this is better than a monolithic &quot;&lt;em&gt;Post &amp;amp; Remove&lt;/em&gt;&quot; test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16226" LastEditorUserId="16226" LastEditDate="2016-01-25T17:28:05.537" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T16:04:06.817" Title="Structuring Selenium tests to avoid duplication" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16620" CreationDate="2016-01-25T00:35:15.090" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use the page object pattern myself.  It addresses two main things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defines the finder in one place  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Names the finder with english-like words&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good things.  However this doesn't address the issue of how to combine series of steps that are then used in multiple places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this you can use use functions / procedures / methods in the language you are using.  Broadly speaking you have two choices for doing this sort of setup - using the application screens, or using backend calls to create the needed objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T00:35:15.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16620" CreationDate="2016-01-25T02:07:37.800" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Michael said the Page object pattern makes the finder easier to use.&#xA;I try to maintain a pattern of having a test only verifying one thing or possibly one screen.&#xA;In your example I would assume in your first test, you would be testing everything about the post being visible. In your 2nd test, the create a post step is only a setup step so that you have a post to delete and this is what you are doing your verification on. Depending on what makes sense, I would only have an assertion on the post to validate that it successfully posted, not assertions around visibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8829" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T02:07:37.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16623" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16625" CreationDate="2016-01-25T04:14:17.283" Score="2" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have a bit of a problem, since im the only QA at my company and I have many Web based projects going on right now it's very difficult to Automate DURING iterations (just due to manpower).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what i've been doing it automating test cases (for regression mainly) once the product is stable. Sort of as a (check this during build) when a new feature is added or bugfix is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I'd like to automate more, but automating everything is honestly just not possible due to time/workload. However for a website im trying to come up with some &quot;easy&quot; base cases? Things that are easy to write and test the basics of a website but don't go into crazy detail (IE time that I don't have to write detailed automated test cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far to me I have some ideas for things such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logging In&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hitting &quot;Main&quot; links on the webpage and checking the content after&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logging Out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting to the Main homepage of course&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maybe doing 1 main feature of the site (such as putting an item in your cart for a store for instance).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2018-12-12T01:23:06.047" Title="Automation Web &quot;Base Cases&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16623" CreationDate="2016-01-25T09:43:20.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation testing is never meant to be with 100% coverage. Even during development, it takes a lot of effort to keep automated scripts up to date. For this purpose is good to make agreement with development, that unique ID's will be added to each significant object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is hard to give some advice to your project as we do not know anything about it. But if you doubt, what part/use case to test first, you can do a little analysis based on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Business value&lt;/strong&gt; of the Use case - you will count points for how much will this use case bring to the company if it is working.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk analysis&lt;/strong&gt; of each Use case - you will count points for each component which could go wrong, each subsystem (its complexity, supplier and subsystem reliability, etc.) or integration/interface (dtto) each component used on your web (dtto).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Own code complexity&lt;/strong&gt; of each Use case - you will ask developers for priorities. They will be able to tell you priorities based on their code complexity. You will count extra points for &quot;unsure/unclear&quot; things.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;+updated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estimated count of executions&lt;/strong&gt; of each Use case per period. More often executed use cases should be automated first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combined score will tell you which  use cases should go first and you can just work top-down in never-ending test cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, you can write automated tests in different depth of the Test case. You can do your own, but it could be for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record-play test case (if the tool allows it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click trough to the UseCase page (page present)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click trough end to end functionality (business case done and result page present)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI check of the Use Case (all objects on the page present)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI check of all objects (details/texts correctness and results)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Persistence checks (data on one page should result in other data on other page)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T15:20:07.890" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T15:20:07.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16626" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-25T15:06:46.030" Score="2" ViewCount="4297" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test a web-based payment/banking gateway application that would be used by the clients to transfer funds electronically using ACH and Wire transfer. The applications provides cash-management facilities to users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of test scenarios should I create and what should be my testing approach in general while doing functional, black box testing of any funds/payment application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide me some ideas related to payment/banking app testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16236" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-25T16:08:20.200" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T06:08:44.280" Title="How to test ACH transactions in a payment/banking application?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16626" CreationDate="2016-01-25T15:17:18.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a few techniques I have seen used.  ACH is a loose enough standard that an ACH that works for one financial institution will not necessarily work for another.  If you have a particular financial institution in mind, they may be able to set up a test account for you.  You can use ACH to move fictional amounts in and out of the test account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lacking a test account, you may be able to set up a real account.  You will have to be very careful to move only very small amounts in and out of the real account.  We used this technique, but only as a smoke test, and only under very controlled circumstances.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, if you understand the ACH format well enough, you may be able to write an ACH validator that checks that your ACH is filled in correctly.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T15:17:18.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16629" CreationDate="2016-01-25T15:32:57.520" Score="4" ViewCount="3957" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Java and Selenium Webdriver, but there is something that I don't understand. Do I need to create separate classes for each test, or I just need to create one class and in that class have all my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me with this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16237" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-01-25T16:43:34.573" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T16:50:23.550" Title="Selenium webDriver: Multiple test cases in a single Class?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16628" CreationDate="2016-01-25T16:42:35.500" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Unit)Test-runners wrap their tests in a class for execution. You can place multiple tests into a single class. Often an annotation is used to show the class method is a test. jUnit uses &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt;, MStest uses &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;TestMethod&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and nUnit uses &lt;code&gt;[Test]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I group tests that test the same part of the application into a single class. This way the class files do not become to big and I can add helper functions close to the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you are thinking about how to structure your automated tests also be sure to read about &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Page Object pattern&lt;/a&gt;. As it the current best practice in preventing code duplication in tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-01-25T16:50:23.550" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T16:50:23.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16631" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-25T18:05:54.117" Score="1" ViewCount="864" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate a web app using Selenium Webdriver.&#xA;The app involves user opening a book which is rendered in either PDF or ePub format, it allows user to highlight the text which they prefer. &#xA;I am having difficulty in creating steps for the action where user selects text and highlights it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS : Once the text is selected from front end, the system makes a backend call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16239" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-01-25T20:23:18.020" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T20:23:18.020" Title="How to automate the action of highlighting text in PDF/ePub using Selenium or any other tool?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16632" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-25T18:08:09.620" Score="4" ViewCount="1940" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using TestNG and Selenium webdriver via Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any tool that can help generate detailed test results, for example, suppose I have a test case that fails more often than not, is there a tool that can statistically report those test cases that fail more often than the others like in a graph, or pie chart, etc? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T03:44:37.493" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T03:44:37.493" Title="Is there any test result reporting tool for TestNG &amp; Selenium WebDriver with Java?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16632" CreationDate="2016-01-25T19:15:08.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XL Testview&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://xebialabs.com/products/xl-testview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XL Testview&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;https://xebialabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XebiaLabs&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test analytics and decision support that spans testing tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;See all your test results in one single dashboard &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Analyze test results across multiple test tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Track release metrics and quality trends over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Use real-time quality data to make the best go/no-go release decisions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I havent used it, but seems to track results over time. Seems pretty interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Result Analyzer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or have a look a the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Test+Results+Analyzer+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Result Analyzer&lt;/a&gt; plugin for &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Many of us have a requirement of knowing the execution status of a&#xA;  test package , test class or test-method across multiple builds. This&#xA;  plugin is an implementation of the said requirement and shows a table&#xA;  containing the executions status of a package,class or a test-method&#xA;  across builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This plugin supports jUnit and TestNG results sets. Looks like the minimum you want and it is free. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T19:15:08.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16631" CreationDate="2016-01-25T20:22:26.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;PDFs and ePubs are shown in the browser with plugins. Selenium cannot access these documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use Windows you could have a try with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt;. On Linux and Macs I think you have to fallback to something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; after the document is opened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AutoIt and PDFs: &lt;a href=&quot;http://autoitsourcecode.blogspot.nl/2013/05/pdf-automation-using-autoit.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://autoitsourcecode.blogspot.nl/2013/05/pdf-automation-using-autoit.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Text with keyboards commands: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3563147/can-selenium-verify-text-inside-a-pdf-loaded-by-the-browser&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3563147/can-selenium-verify-text-inside-a-pdf-loaded-by-the-browser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-01-25T20:22:26.033" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16635" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16639" CreationDate="2016-01-26T07:55:03.813" Score="2" ViewCount="7728" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have an option in ThreadGroup to stop or continue threads in case of errors. But this option applies to all the samplers within ThreadGroup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way by which we can apply this condition only to specific samplers. For example, I have Login samplers in my test Plan and I want to stop those threads only which fail for login samplers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any possible workaround for that in JMeter!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T15:13:43.653" Title="How to stop JMeter Thread in case of errors in specific requests (samplers)" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16636" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-26T09:32:57.800" Score="7" ViewCount="6348" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am pretty newbie in Ruby and we are using Capybara + Rspec + Poltergeist as the driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to do is to expect some text on the webpage I am testing, so I have this simple code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;expect(page).to have_content(text)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But sometimes it fails because &quot;text&quot; can be found in capital letters or lowercase or uppercase ... So, how can I expect the text in a insensitive case matcher? Or, can I use some function to maybe &quot;downcase&quot; all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16251" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T10:20:45.170" Title="Expect case insensitive text on page - Capybara + RSpec" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:18:56.193" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16636" CreationDate="2016-01-26T09:54:44.893" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;have_content&lt;/code&gt; actually takes a regexp as parameter. You can use the &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; flag to make the search case insensitive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;expect(page).to have_content(/my case insensitive search/i)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16252" LastEditorUserId="16252" LastEditDate="2016-01-26T10:20:45.170" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T10:20:45.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16635" CreationDate="2016-01-26T11:07:32.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#BeanShell_PostProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell PostProcessor&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the request which must be successful and put the following code into &quot;Script&quot; area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (!prev.isSuccessful()) {&#xA;     prev.setStopThread(true);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;prev&lt;/code&gt; stands for associated parent &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/samplers/SampleResult.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SampleResult&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use BeanShell: JMeter's Favorite Built-in Component&lt;/a&gt; guide for more information on using Beanshell in your JMeter tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T11:07:32.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16640" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-26T15:16:05.657" Score="35" ViewCount="15150" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my previous project, whenever the QA team used to find bugs/defects, they used to communicate the problem/issue to the developer sitting next to them, verbally. In this approach, most of the time, the developer used to refuse to acknowledge the bug and used to tell us not to report it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or whenever a tester finds a bug and is sure that it is a real issue, should he log the defect into the defect tracking tool and then write an email to the developer to fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is a better communication approach for testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16257" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-01-29T10:59:07.050" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T12:16:43.337" Title="Should Testers first discuss a bug with the developers before writing a bug report?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="26" CommentCount="14" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T15:24:20.903" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my own experience, I've found that this really depends on the culture of the team or company that you're working with.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a team with good communication skills, and where everyone works together well, you may very well be able to just tell the developer about it, they take a look at it, and say it'll be fixed in 5 minutes.  If it's longer, maybe they'll ask you to send an email.  Myself, if it's created during our current sprint, I'm not horribly worried about logging it into the defect tracker.  If it's currently in production and being fixed, always log it though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On other teams, and if the relationship just isn't quite there yet, or even if the culture is just different, this can be very different.  On my current team, most of the developers won't even look at it until it's been logged and approved to be worked on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long story short, it's probably a good idea to always log it, but, attempting to communicate with the developer and explain it better rarely hurts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T15:24:20.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T15:42:04.503" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We prefer to talk to developers first.&lt;/strong&gt; Then, we together decide if detected error is a result of some quirk in processing and not even worth of bug, or, if it is worth a bug, we negotiate who will enter it to Bugzilla (we call if &quot;buggify the feedback&quot;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often, &lt;strong&gt;developers prefer to write the bug description,&lt;/strong&gt; because that way they can better describe the problem and what needs to be done to fix it. If non-developer enters the bug, sometimes write-up is confusing and developer need to clear up the misunderstanding anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because all code changes need own bug number, &lt;strong&gt;we do not allow changes without associated bug.&lt;/strong&gt; So error report can be fixed without adding new bug only if error was caught in test environment (QA) and it relates to a bug from current iteration which is currently being tested in QA (bug status reverts from &quot;TESTING&quot; to &quot;DEVELOPMENT&quot;). Even a minor change to PROD code needs to have a bug number and is prioritized, so unfortunately, even trivial change might take more than 5 minutes (unless it is a change related to current iteration). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All code changes are also reviewed, which also slows down the fix (but we believe improves quality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On very rare occasions, we make quick changes to PROD for very urgent fix, but then we add the bug and fill in the process later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-01-26T18:34:28.477" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T18:34:28.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T15:49:31.337" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I imagine this would depend on the bug being raised. If it's a glaringly obvious bug (pages not loading, basic function not working, etc.) then I wouldn't waste a developer's time confirming it and do a write-up. However if I come across something that may be considered an edge case or I'm unsure of the intended functionality (mostly found during negative testing), I'll begin a dialogue with the developer working on that specific story and discuss the bug's validity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is going to vary on the product you are testing as well as the dynamic of the company, our QAs sit in the same area as the Developers so it makes communication easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16149" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T15:49:31.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16620" CreationDate="2016-01-26T16:04:06.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, as you correctly mentioned, if creation fails, deletion cannot be even tested, so in fact you have just one test with 2 separate test conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far for every separate scenario I have only one test with multiple test conditions. Test starts with preparing system to certain status, which will be irrelevant for other tests. Then all subtest expect this condition, or success of previous steps. I found that unlike unit tests, integration/system tests are much harder to make independent from each other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reusable code goes to pageobject or to helper class, and there is little repetition, so my approach so far works OK for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T16:04:06.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T16:58:23.917" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there is possibility to discuss the bug, it could be valuable, for example you will have direct information of the cause and who will be the assignee of the bug. But generally it is not mandatory. It could be done as well after the bug is reported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does not matter if you discuss the bug with developer or not, probably you will have to report the bug anyway (If this is a real bug).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Behaviour you described&lt;/strong&gt; is immediatelism, and:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;to discuss the bug and not to report it could be done if they getting immediately fixed (for example in extremem programming methodology). If they are not fixed on the go, you have to report it, so the development will have a clear list of tasks which should be done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;to discuss the bug could be done if you are not sure if this is bug in the code or bug cased by something else (testing environment, data, etc.). I can just imagine, that this could be caused by extremely unskilled testing team. Find a senior tester then and ask him not the developer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If this is a bug and it is practised in bigger team of testers/developers, it could be a bit harmful for development cycle, as some problems could be &quot;hidden&quot; and later forgotten. Do NOT do it! This goes directly against testers job. Do not let some bugs to stay HIDDEN!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And finally, If this is a bug, this behaviour could be disturbing for the developer, which have to switch to different problem and this is just yet another one source of your future bugs. Do NOT do it! This goes directly against developers job. Better is to ask some senior tester. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Better you have&lt;/strong&gt; to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be skilled, responsible, autonomous and self-confident tester.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask senior tester first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need, discuss the bug with developers/dev team lead and announce, that you will report it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need, discuss the bug with developers/dev team lead and ask for developer who should be assigned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need, discuss the bug with developers/dev team lead or developer and ask for more info you will put into the bug log.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the bug is not yet fixed, log the bug/issue anyway.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T16:58:23.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16558" CreationDate="2016-01-26T17:56:31.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finally solved it myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is, that the firefox container should not access &lt;code&gt;localhost&lt;/code&gt;, but the &lt;code&gt;web&lt;/code&gt; container. Thus, a link to that container is needed. The fixed &lt;code&gt;docker-compose.yml&lt;/code&gt; file now looks like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;web:&#xA;  image: php:5-apache&#xA;  volumes:&#xA;    - .:/var/www/html&#xA;  ports:&#xA;    - &quot;8080:80&quot;&#xA;  links:&#xA;    - db:db&#xA;&#xA;db:&#xA;  image: mysql&#xA;  volumes:&#xA;    - tests/_envs/sql:/var/lib/mysql&#xA;  environment:&#xA;    - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root&#xA;  ports:&#xA;    - &quot;3306:3306&quot;&#xA;&#xA;hub:&#xA;  image: selenium/hub&#xA;  ports:&#xA;    - &quot;4444:4444&quot;&#xA;&#xA;firefox:&#xA;  image: selenium/node-firefox-debug&#xA;  links:&#xA;    - hub:hub&#xA;    - web:web&#xA;  ports:&#xA;    - &quot;5900:5900&quot;&#xA;  expose:&#xA;    - &quot;5555&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main difference is the link to &lt;code&gt;web&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The acceptance test setup has to be changed accordingly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class_name: AcceptanceTester&#xA;modules:&#xA;    enabled:&#xA;        - JoomlaBrowser:&#xA;            url: 'http://web/'     # the url that points to the joomla installation at /tests/system/joomla-cms&#xA;            browser: 'firefox'&#xA;            window_size: 1024x768&#xA;            capabilities:&#xA;              unexpectedAlertBehaviour: 'accept'&#xA;            username: 'admin'&#xA;            password: 'admin'&#xA;            database host: 'localhost'             # place where the Application is Hosted #server Address&#xA;            database user: 'root'                  # MySQL Server user ID, usually root&#xA;            database password: '1234'                  # MySQL Server password, usually empty or root&#xA;            database name: 'dbname'            # DB Name, at the Server&#xA;            database type: 'mysqli'                # type in lowercase one of the options: MySQL\MySQLi\PDO&#xA;            database prefix: 'jos_'                # DB Prefix for tables&#xA;            install sample data: 'Yes'              # Do you want to Download the Sample Data Along with Joomla Installation, then keep it Yes&#xA;            sample data: 'Default English (GB) Sample Data'    # Default Sample Data&#xA;            admin email: 'admin@mydomain.com'      # email Id of the Admin&#xA;            language: 'English (United Kingdom)'   # Language in which you want the Application to be Installed&#xA;            joomla folder: '/home/.../path to Joomla Folder' # Path to Joomla installation where we execute the tests&#xA;        - \Helper\Acceptance&#xA;error_reporting: E_ALL&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main change here is to point the URL to &lt;code&gt;http:/web/&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;localhost&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5200" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T17:56:31.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T18:05:29.693" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the tester thinks that it is a defect, most likely it is a defect.   The developer may be correct that the process is working as intended, in that case the defect is possibly in the documentation, user interface or testing plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be logged, even if is testing error.  This will lead to better determining where documentation deficiencies exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16264" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T18:05:29.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T19:22:54.907" Score="56" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a developer with 15+ years experience, I'd say: &lt;strong&gt;please report the bug.&lt;/strong&gt; I'd much rather have a ticket in the tracking system than a vague memory of a hallway conversation, or an interruption of what I'm working on. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/fog0000000029.html&quot;&gt;As Joel Spolsky put it&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;At any given time, I can only remember two bugs. If you ask me to remember three, one of them will fall on the floor and get swept under the bed with the dust bunnies, who will eat it. …&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One of the biggest incorrect facts that programmers consistently seem to believe is that they can remember all their bugs or keep them on post-it notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(The flip side of this is that &lt;strong&gt;bug tickets need to be good&lt;/strong&gt;. (Spolsky's post also has good starter advice on that.) Vague, irreproducible bug reports are a sure way to build a bad relationship between QA and development.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5620" LastEditorUserId="5620" LastEditDate="2016-01-26T21:59:09.943" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T21:59:09.943" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T20:20:27.067" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitely make a ticket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the bug is &quot;don't fix&quot;, you can refer another tester or developer who finds the same bug to the existing one, and save the developer some time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the bug is a quick 5 minute fix, it still takes 5 minutes to do, and you have to remember to properly re-test. If these little distractions add up and are not documented, things like this make both you and the developer feel like you've done nothing all day, which is bad for morale. Since nothing is documented, others might also feel you've done nothing all day, which is bad for performance reviews.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the bug turns out to be a not-so-quick-fix after all, that's even more of a reason to track it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Making a ticket is only a problem if it adds a lot of overhead for either you or the developer, or the ticketing system is otherwise broken. In that case the solution is to acknowledge that your highest priority bug is your broken ticketing mechanism which needs to be fixed immediately. An example of a broken ticketing system is if the ticketing system is abused to penalize developers for bugs found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The one exception to always raising a ticket is if the tester is still being trained in the business domain, and in some cases can't tell if a certain behavior is a bug or not. In that case they need to ask someone, preferably someone from the business side, but asking a developer works too. If it then turns out it's a bug, make a ticket. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Personally, my preference is if the tester tells me about a bug, but leads with the bug number of the already created defect. As a team lead that allowed me to quickly figure out if it's worth looking at at all, or to point them to the culprit, or to apologize for screwing up, or to tell them to retest after story XY, at which point the responsible code would be obliterated anyhow.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Personally, I don't see a point in sending an email about a bug. If you can put it in writing put it in the ticket, if not come over and talk.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="8689" LastEditDate="2016-01-26T20:37:15.543" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T20:37:15.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T21:12:50.560" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should Testers first discuss the bug with the developers before reporting it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience in several different organizations I think the answer given the current question details is &quot;it depends&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will depend on general factors such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;size of company&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;size of development group&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;current deadlines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;location of developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;industry&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;development approach, e.g. Agile, Waterfall, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and on intangibles such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;personalities of the developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;personalities of the testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;management style of co-operation vs. competition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how busy dev's are at a given point&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and on specific factors about the bug being filed such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;severity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;type, e.g. design, layout, database, workflow, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;effect on data integrity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;effect on revenue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;effect on user experience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;effect on branding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This factors all interact and at the end of the day, for every company you have to find a balance between, at one extreme, asking about every little (or large) thing noticed and at the other extreme, never asking any questions of the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a former developer and current QA, I've experienced several cases (as QA) where just showing and sharing a bug with a developer can lead to them asking additional questions, wanting to look at the console, the DOM, the database, etc. and both of us learning a lot more.  There have been many times where this has lead to a bug not being filed.  In other cases the bug is filed with additional info that will be useful for dev.  They often just notice related information based on their knowledge of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is good to look at the larger picture - how can QA and dev and product all work together to have good open conversations and agreed-on approaches for these things.  If you have good conversations about bugs and their classification (often one of the most contentious items) then discussions about design and features will often then be easier.  This also leads to consideration of other factors such as doing retrospectives in Agile environments which provide the opportunity for such discussions.  If you don't do Agile I'd try retrospectives anyway.  They are good for any kind of team in my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T12:15:16.980" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T12:15:16.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T21:27:00.560" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the overhead associated with reporting a problem?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Some organization have big enterprisy processes, that requires lots of clicking, mandatory fields and multiple actors between the time a problem is open and the time everyone is done with it. You might also loose sight of important problems if they're drowning in a sea of minor (or untriaged) ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the overhead associated with not tracking a problem?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;More than one person might stumble on the same 'not a problem' problem, and ask the same questions. Tracking it can help - but only if people are actively and efficiently looking for duplicates. Which gets harder the more 'not a problem' problems you actually file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How easy is it to get a second opinion (from a developer, or an expert)?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;If you're working remotely and communicating by mail, you might as well file something. If you're sitting next to the developer that's going to triage the problem, asking is fast and convenient for everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How sure are you it's a bug?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This one is pretty obvious, although timing comes into play as well - are you testing the finished product? Or did you stumble on something that's not quite baked yet and you're wasting time reporting problems that are just not implemented stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are you reporting a bug for?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;If your performance is measured by the number of bugs filed (yes, some organization do that - please change job), then you want to file as many as you can. If you only care about stuff getting fixed, then not tracking minor - but real - bugs that you know from experience development won't have time to address is the right choice. Compliance and customer communications are factors as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think there is a 'right' answer to that question - it depends what you're working on and what the development process looks like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally - and as a developer - I like the agile manifesto (&quot;working software over comprehensive documentation&quot; and &quot;individuals and interactions over processes and tools&quot;) - so 'reporting' can be verbal and tracking in a tool is to be avoided unless it's the most efficient way to get stuff done. But it's just an opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10973" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T21:27:00.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T21:37:36.163" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do not discuss defects immediately with developers. Mainly because &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.petrikainulainen.net/software-development/processes/the-cost-of-context-switching/&quot;&gt;context switching is bad&lt;/a&gt; for their focus and could take up to 5-30 minutes to recover from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to communicate a defect depends in which stage of development the defect is found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I find a defects during testing of a task of the current iteration then I document the defect in the feature and move the feature back into the Todo phase. I communicate this action daily during the stand-up meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless this defect is not caused by development in our current iteration. If it is an older defect I report into our bug-tracker and get it placed on top of the backlog. I prefer a zero-bug policy. The product owner should decide if we fix this defect or not. The details of this defect are discussed during the planning session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you do not use the Scrum meetings I would suggest you find a good moment to discuss the defects with the development team. Do not bug your developers while they are working on something else. If you are sure its a defect, log it into the defect tracker. Unless its a priority one issue, then scream and all hell breaks loose. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-01-26T21:44:59.497" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T21:44:59.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16654" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-26T21:55:05.817" Score="1" ViewCount="2504" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using the below code to execute tests in test set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am facing following error : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;RunTestSet.Run-&amp;gt;TSScheduler Exception!&#xA;&#xA;The remote server machine does not exist or is unavailable&#xA;Unable to create the TSScheduler object.&#xA;Please ensure the ALM Client Registration is complete before executing RunTestSet&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would really appreciate if someone could help me on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'VBScript Document&#xA;Option Explicit&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;'QC Paramters&#xA;Dim Server, UserName, Password, QCDomain, QCProject, QCTestSetPath, QCTestSetName,Env, ExecutionBrowser &#xA;Dim objWMIService1, objWMIService2, objProcess, colProcess,objNet,objFSO  &#xA;Dim strComputer, strProcess1, strProcess2 &#xA;Dim cnt, nDays&#xA;Dim WshShell&#xA;Dim strLogFile&#xA;&#xA;Const DeleteReadOnly = True&#xA;cnt = 0&#xA;nDays = 6&#xA;&#xA;'&#xA;strComputer = &quot;.&quot;&#xA;strProcess1 = &quot;'UFT.exe'&quot; &#xA;strProcess2 = &quot;'abc.exe'&quot;&#xA;strLogFile = &quot;C:\Project\abc\ExecutionLog.log&quot;&#xA;&#xA;const MAX_POLL_CTR = 45 &#xA;Const SLEEP_TIME = 60000 '1 min, so a test can run for a max of 10 mins&#xA;const FORAPPENDING = 8&#xA;&#xA;Server = &amp;lt;url&amp;gt;&#xA;UserName = &amp;lt;username&amp;gt;&#xA;Password = &amp;lt;password&amp;gt;&#xA;QCDomain = &amp;lt;domain&amp;gt;&#xA;QCProject = &amp;lt;project&amp;gt;&#xA;QCTestSetPath = &amp;lt;path&amp;gt;&#xA;QCTestSetName = &amp;lt;TestSetName&amp;gt;&#xA;Env = &amp;lt;Environment&amp;gt;&#xA;ExecutionBrowser = &amp;lt;Browser&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Call RunTestSet(Server, UserName, Password, QCDomain, QCProject, QCTestSetPath, QCTestSetName)&#xA;&#xA;Public Sub RunTestSet(Server, UserName, Password, QCDomain, QCProject, QCTestSetPath, QCTestSetName)&#xA;    Dim QCTestSetExec, sErr, arrArgs, ix, arg, bExit&#xA;&#xA;    sErr = &quot;Unable to execute RunTestSet. Please provide the &quot;&#xA;    arrArgs = Array(&quot;Server&quot;, &quot;UserName&quot;, &quot;Password&quot;, &quot;QCDomain&quot;, &quot;QCProject&quot;, &quot;QCTestSetPath&quot;, &quot;QCTestSetName&quot;)&#xA;    bExit = False&#xA;&#xA;    For ix = LBound(arrArgs) To UBound(arrArgs)&#xA;        Execute &quot;arg = &quot; &amp;amp; arrArgs(ix)&#xA;&#xA;        If arg = &quot;&quot; Then&#xA;            MsgBox sErr &amp;amp; arrArgs(ix) &amp;amp; &quot;.&quot;, vbOkOnly, &quot;Error!&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            bExit = True&#xA;        End If&#xA;    Next&#xA;&#xA;    If bExit Then Exit Sub&#xA;&#xA;    Set QCTestSetExec = New QCRunTestSet&#xA;&#xA;    With QCTestSetExec&#xA;        .Server = Server&#xA;        .UserName = UserName&#xA;        .Password = Password&#xA;        .QCDomain = QCDomain&#xA;        .QCProject = QCProject&#xA;        .QCTestSetPath = QCTestSetPath&#xA;        .QCTestSetName = QCTestSetName&#xA;&#xA;        .Run&#xA;    End With&#xA;&#xA;    Set QCTestSetExec = Nothing&#xA;End Sub&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;''' &#xA;''' &#xA;''' &#xA;''' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Class QCRunTestSet&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  'Public Variables&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' QC Server URL (string)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public Server&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' UserName (string)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public UserName&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Password (string)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public Password&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Quality Center Domain (string)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public QCDomain&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' QC Project (string)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public QCProject&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' QC TestSet Folder Path (string)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;Root\TestSetFolder\TestSetSubFolder&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public QCTestSetPath&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Target TestSet Name (string)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public QCTestSetName    &#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Recipient list from QC's Automation tab&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public EMailTo&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' TSTestFactory manages test instances (TSTest objects) in a test set&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public TSTestFactory&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Number of blocked tests after completion of scheduler (integer)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public iBlocked&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Number of failed tests after completion of scheduler (integer)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public iFailed&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Number of N/A tests after completion of scheduler (integer)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public iNA&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Number of NoRun tests after completion of scheduler (integer)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public iNoRun&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Number of NotCompleted tests after completion of scheduler (integer)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public iNotCompleted&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Number of Passed tests after completion of scheduler (integer)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public iPassed&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' DateTime stamp at the start of the Scheduling session (DateTime)&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Public dtStartTime&#xA;&#xA;'Private Variables&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' QuickTest.Application object&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Private qtApp&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' TDApiOle object&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Private TDConnection&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' TSScheduler object returned by the StartExecution method&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Private TSScheduler&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' TestSet Folder object&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;Private TSFolder&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Executes the scheduler&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Public Default Sub Run()&#xA;    Dim bStatus, dtStartTime&#xA;&#xA;    '@see isQCConnected()&#xA;    bStatus = isQCConnected&#xA;&#xA;    '@see isQTPInstalled()&#xA;    If bStatus Then bStatus = isQTPInstalled&#xA;&#xA;    If Not bStatus Then Exit Sub&#xA;&#xA;    Dim TSTreeManager, QCTestSetPath, TSList, QCTestSetName, TestSet, qtTest, sEnvironment, TSReport, EMailTo, ExecutionStatus&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    Dim TestList, TestID, TestRunStatus, ctr, TName, TestName&#xA;&#xA;    'TestSetTreeManager manages the test set tree and its related test set folders&#xA;    Set TSTreeManager = TDConnection.TestSetTreeManager&#xA;&#xA;    QCTestSetPath = Me.QCTestSetPath&#xA;    'Return the test set tree node from the specified tree path&#xA;    Set TSFolder = TSTreeManager.NodeByPath(QCTestSetPath)&#xA;&#xA;    QCTestSetName = Me.QCTestSetName&#xA;    'Returns the list of test sets contained in the folder that match the specified pattern. &#xA;    Set TSList = TSFolder.FindTestSets(QCTestSetName)&#xA;&#xA;    If TSList.Count = 0 Then&#xA;        MsgBox &quot;The TestSet '&quot; &amp;amp; QCTestSetName &amp;amp; &quot;' was not found.&quot;, vbOkOnly, &quot;TSFolder.FindTestSets Exception!&quot;&#xA;        Exit Sub&#xA;    End If&#xA;&#xA;    For Each TestSet in TSList&#xA;        If LCase(TestSet.Name) = LCase(QCTestSetName) Then&#xA;            Exit For&#xA;        End If&#xA;    Next&#xA;&#xA;    'This enables database to update immediately when the field value changes&#xA;    TestSet.AutoPost = True&#xA;&#xA;    'TSTestFactory manages test instances (TSTest objects) in a test set&#xA;    Set TSTestFactory = TestSet.TSTestFactory&#xA;    Set Me.TSTestFactory = TSTestFactory&#xA;    Set TestList = TSTestFactory.NewList(&quot;&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    'TSTestFactory.NewList(&quot;&quot;) creates a list of objects according to the specified filter&#xA;    For Each qtTest in TestList&#xA;&#xA;        qtTest.Field(&quot;TC_STATUS&quot;) = &quot;No Run&quot;&#xA;        qtTest.Post&#xA;    Next&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    TestSet.Refresh : TSFolder.Refresh&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    Set TSReport = TestSet.ExecutionReportSettings&#xA;    TSReport.Enabled = True&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    EMailTo = TSReport.EMailTo : Me.EMailTo = EMailTo&#xA;&#xA;    On Error Resume Next&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    dtStartTime = Now : Me.dtStartTime = dtStartTime&#xA;&#xA;    TestID = &quot;&quot;&#xA;    TName = &quot;&quot;&#xA;    ctr = 0&#xA;    For each qtTest in TestList&#xA;        TestID = CStr(qtTest.ID)&#xA;&#xA;        TName = qtTest.Name&#xA;        TestName = qtTest.TestName&#xA;        'Print &quot;Executing Test ID using Field value&quot; &amp;amp; qtTest.Field(&quot;TC_TESTCYCL_ID&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        'TestSet.StartExecution returns the TSScheduler object and starts the Execution controller&#xA;        Set TSScheduler = TestSet.StartExecution(&quot;&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        If Err.Number &amp;lt;&amp;gt; 0 Then&#xA;            MsgBox Err.Description &amp;amp; vbNewLine &amp;amp; vbNewLine &amp;amp; &quot;Unable to create the TSScheduler&quot; &amp;amp; _&#xA;                &quot;object. Please ensure the ALM Client Registration is complete before &quot; &amp;amp; _&#xA;                &quot;executing RunTestSet.&quot;, vbOkOnly, &quot;RunTestSet.Run-&amp;gt;TSScheduler Exception!&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            On Error Goto 0&#xA;            Exit Sub&#xA;        End If&#xA;        On Error Goto 0&#xA;&#xA;        'Run all tests on localhost&#xA;        TSScheduler.RunAllLocally = True&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        'Logging enabled&#xA;        TSScheduler.LogEnabled = True&#xA;&#xA;        'Start testSet run&#xA;        TSScheduler.Run(TestID)&#xA;&#xA;        'ExecutionStatus represents the execution status of the scheduler&#xA;        Set ExecutionStatus = TSScheduler.ExecutionStatus&#xA;&#xA;        'Wait until all tests are complete running&#xA;        TestRunStatus = WaitWhileTestRunning(ExecutionStatus,TestID,MAX_POLL_CTR)&#xA;&#xA;        If not TestRunStatus Then&#xA;'&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;'Test execution failed or timed out&#xA;                'Terminate UFT process&#xA;                On Error Resume Next&#xA;                TSScheduler.Stop(TestID)&#xA;                Set ExecutionStatus = TSScheduler.ExecutionStatus&#xA;                'Wait until all tests are complete running&#xA;                TestRunStatus = WaitWhileTestRunning(ExecutionStatus,TestID,5)&#xA;&#xA;            If not TestRunStatus Then&#xA;                If qtTest.IsLocked Then&#xA;                    qtTest.UnLockObject()&#xA;                    WScript.Sleep 100&#xA;                    qtTest.Refresh()&#xA;                    WScript.Sleep 3000 'Atleast 3s are elapse before Refresh completes                      &#xA;                End If&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                Set objWMIService1 = GetObject(&quot;winmgmts:&quot; &amp;amp; &quot;{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\&quot; &amp;amp; strComputer &amp;amp; &quot;\root\cimv2&quot;) &#xA;&#xA;                Set colProcess = objWMIService1.ExecQuery _&#xA;                (&quot;Select * from Win32_Process Where Name = &quot; &amp;amp; strProcess1)&#xA;&#xA;                For Each objProcess in colProcess   &#xA;                    objProcess.Terminate()&#xA;                    WScript.Sleep 100&#xA;                    'cnt = cnt + 1&#xA;                Next &#xA;&#xA;                WScript.Sleep 1000&#xA;&#xA;                Set objWMIService2 = GetObject(&quot;winmgmts:&quot; &amp;amp; &quot;{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\&quot; &amp;amp; strComputer &amp;amp; &quot;\root\cimv2&quot;) &#xA;&#xA;                Set colProcess = objWMIService2.ExecQuery _&#xA;                (&quot;Select * from Win32_Process Where Name = &quot; &amp;amp; strProcess2)&#xA;&#xA;                For Each objProcess in colProcess   &#xA;                    objProcess.Terminate()&#xA;                    WScript.Sleep 100&#xA;                    'cnt = cnt + 1&#xA;                Next &#xA;                WScript.Sleep 10000                 &#xA;            End If&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            'To clear temporary Internet files&#xA;            Set WshShell = CreateObject(&quot;WScript.Shell&quot;)&#xA;            WshShell.run &quot;RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 8&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            'To clear browsing cookies&#xA;            WshShell.run &quot;RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 2&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            'To Clear Browsing History&#xA;            WshShell.run &quot;RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 1&quot;    &#xA;            writeLog(TName&amp;amp;&quot; - &quot;&amp;amp;TestName)&#xA;            'Exit For 'Test Execution unsuccessful              &#xA;        End If&#xA;&#xA;        Set ExecutionStatus = Nothing       &#xA;        Set TSScheduler = Nothing&#xA;&#xA;    Next 'End TestList iteration&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;End Sub&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'Private Methods&#xA;&#xA;Private Function WaitWhileTestRunning(ByVal ExecutionStatus, ByVal TestID, ByVal pollCounter)&#xA;    Dim RunFinished: RunFinished = False&#xA;    Dim bTimeout&#xA;&#xA;    bTimeout = false&#xA;&#xA;    Do while (RunFinished = False)&#xA;        ExecutionStatus.RefreshExecStatusInfo TestID, True&#xA;        RunFinished = ExecutionStatus.Finished&#xA;&#xA;        WScript.Sleep(SLEEP_TIME)&#xA;        pollCounter = pollCounter - 1&#xA;&#xA;        If pollCounter = 0 Then&#xA;            bTimeout = true&#xA;            Exit Do&#xA;        End If&#xA;    Loop &#xA;&#xA;    If bTimeout Then&#xA;        WaitWhileTestRunning = false&#xA;    Else&#xA;        WaitWhileTestRunning = RunFinished&#xA;    End If&#xA;&#xA;End Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Private Function writeLog(ByVal strTestName)&#xA;        Dim obFSO&#xA;        Dim obFile&#xA;        Dim strMessage&#xA;        Set obFSO = CreateObject(&quot;Scripting.FileSystemObject&quot;)&#xA;        ' Validate the file exits before attempting to write, create if it does not&#xA;        If obFSO.FileExists(strLogFile) Then&#xA;            Set obFile = obFSO.OpenTextFile(strLogFile,FORAPPENDING)&#xA;        Else&#xA;            Set obFile = obFSO.CreateTextFile(strLogFile,True)&#xA;        End If&#xA;&#xA;        strMessage = &quot;Test Name: &quot; &amp;amp; strTestName &amp;amp; &quot; Executed on &quot; &amp;amp; Now       &#xA;&#xA;        ' write the message&#xA;&#xA;        obFile.WriteLine strMessage&#xA;&#xA;        ' Close the log&#xA;        obFile.Close&#xA;End Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Private Function isQCConnected()&#xA;    isQCConnected = False&#xA;&#xA;    Dim UserName, Password&#xA;&#xA;    UserName = Me.UserName&#xA;    Password = Me.Password&#xA;&#xA;    On Error Resume Next&#xA;        Set TDConnection = CreateObject(&quot;TDApiOle80.TDConnection&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        If Err.Number &amp;lt;&amp;gt; 0 Then&#xA;            MsgBox &quot;Unable to create an instance of the TestDirector API &quot; &amp;amp; _&#xA;                    &quot;OLE (TestDirector Connection) Object.&quot;, vbOkOnly, &quot;TDConnection Exception!&quot;&#xA;            Err.Clear : Exit Function&#xA;        End If&#xA;&#xA;        With TDConnection&#xA;            'Create a connection with the QC Server&#xA;            .InitConnectionEx Server&#xA;&#xA;            If Err.Number &amp;lt;&amp;gt; 0 Then&#xA;                MsgBox Err.Description, vbOkOnly, &quot;TDConnection.InitConnectionEx Exception!&quot;&#xA;                Exit Function&#xA;            End If&#xA;&#xA;            'Login to QC&#xA;            .Login UserName, Password&#xA;&#xA;            If Err.Number &amp;lt;&amp;gt; 0 Then&#xA;                MsgBox Err.Description, vbOkOnly, &quot;TDConnection.Login Exception!&quot;&#xA;                Exit Function&#xA;            ElseIf Not .LoggedIn Then&#xA;                MsgBox &quot;Unable to login to Quality Center. Please verify your login &quot; &amp;amp; _&#xA;                        &quot;credentials.&quot;, vbOkOnly, &quot;TDConnection.Login Exception!&quot;&#xA;                Exit Function&#xA;            End If&#xA;&#xA;            'Connect to QC Project&#xA;            .Connect QCDomain, QCProject&#xA;&#xA;            If Err.Number &amp;lt;&amp;gt; 0 Then&#xA;                MsgBox Err.Description, vbOkOnly, &quot;TDConnection.Connect Exception!&quot;&#xA;                Exit Function&#xA;            ElseIf Not .ProjectConnected Then&#xA;                MsgBox &quot;Unable to connect to '&quot; &amp;amp; QCDomain &amp;amp; &quot;/&quot; &amp;amp; QCProject &amp;amp; &quot;'.&quot;, vbOkOnly, _&#xA;                        &quot;TDConnection.Connect Exception!&quot; &#xA;                Exit Function&#xA;            End If&#xA;&#xA;            isQCConnected = True&#xA;        End With&#xA;&#xA;    On Error Goto 0&#xA;End Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Private Function isQTPInstalled()&#xA;    isQTPInstalled = False&#xA;&#xA;    On Error Resume Next&#xA;        Set qtApp = GetObject(&quot;&quot;, &quot;QuickTest.Application&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        If Err.Number &amp;lt;&amp;gt; 0 Then&#xA;            MsgBox Err.Description, vbOkOnly, &quot;QuickTest.Application Exception!&quot;&#xA;            Exit Function&#xA;        Else&#xA;            qtApp.Launch()&#xA;            qtApp.Visible = True&#xA;&#xA;            isQTPInstalled = True&#xA;        End If&#xA;    On Error Goto 0&#xA;End Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Private Function get_TSExecutionLog()&#xA;    Dim color, style, TSTestFactory, TSList, ix, html, sTest, sStatus, sTester, sActualTester, dtDate, dtExecTime&#xA;&#xA;    'color = green;red&#xA;    color = &quot;46D44B;D41743&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    'default html style&#xA;    style = &quot;font-size: 11px; padding-right: 5px; padding-left: 5px; height: 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    Set TSTestFactory = Me.TSTestFactory&#xA;    Set TSList = TSTestFactory.NewList(&quot;&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    'Loop through all tests in the TestSet list and retrieve their status&#xA;    For ix = 1 To TSList.Count&#xA;        html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;        'Test Name&#xA;        html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;td style='&quot; &amp;amp; style &amp;amp; &quot;'&amp;gt;&quot; &amp;amp; TSList.item(ix).field(&quot;TSC_NAME&quot;) &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;        'Status&#xA;        sStatus = TSList.item(ix).LastRun.Status&#xA;        Select Case sStatus&#xA;            Case &quot;Passed&quot;   : html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;td style='color: #&quot; &amp;amp; Trim(Split(color, &quot;;&quot;)(0)) &amp;amp; &quot;;&quot; &amp;amp; style &amp;amp; &quot;'&amp;gt;&quot; &amp;amp; sStatus &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;            Case &quot;Failed&quot;   : html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;td style='color: #&quot; &amp;amp; Trim(Split(color, &quot;;&quot;)(1)) &amp;amp; &quot;;&quot; &amp;amp; style &amp;amp; &quot;'&amp;gt;&quot; &amp;amp; sStatus &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;            Case Else       : html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;td style='&quot; &amp;amp; style &amp;amp; &quot;'&amp;gt;&quot; &amp;amp; sStatus &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;        End Select&#xA;&#xA;        'Tester&#xA;        html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;td style='&quot; &amp;amp; style &amp;amp; &quot;'&amp;gt;&quot; &amp;amp; TSList.item(ix).field(&quot;TC_TESTER_NAME&quot;) &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;        'Actual Tester&#xA;        html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;td style='&quot; &amp;amp; style &amp;amp; &quot;'&amp;gt;&quot; &amp;amp; TSList.item(ix).field(&quot;TC_ACTUAL_TESTER&quot;) &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;        'DateTime stamp&#xA;        html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;td style='&quot; &amp;amp; style &amp;amp; &quot;'&amp;gt;&quot; &amp;amp; Date &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;        'Execution Time&#xA;        html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;td style='&quot; &amp;amp; style &amp;amp; &quot;'&amp;gt;&quot; &amp;amp; TSList.item(ix).field(&quot;TC_EXEC_TIME&quot;) &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;        html = html &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;    Next&#xA;&#xA;    get_TSExecutionLog = html&#xA;End Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Returns the number of tests passed, failed and not completed&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Private Sub load_ExecutionRunStatus()&#xA;    Dim TSTestFactory, TSList, ix, iBlocked, iFailed, iNA, iNoRun, iNotCompleted, iPassed&#xA;&#xA;    Set TSTestFactory = Me.TSTestFactory&#xA;    On Error Resume Next&#xA;    Set TSList = TSTestFactory.NewList(&quot;&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    'Loop through all tests in the testSet list and retrieve status&#xA;    For ix = 1 To TSList.Count&#xA;        Select Case LCase(TSList.item(ix).LastRun.Status)&#xA;            Case &quot;blocked&quot; : iBlocked = iBlocked + 1&#xA;            Case &quot;failed&quot; : iFailed = iFailed + 1&#xA;            Case &quot;n/a&quot; : iNA = iNA + 1&#xA;            Case &quot;no run&quot; : iNoRun = iNoRun + 1&#xA;            Case &quot;not completed&quot; : iNotCompleted = iNotCompleted + 1&#xA;            Case &quot;passed&quot; : iPassed = iPassed + 1&#xA;        End Select&#xA;    Next&#xA;&#xA;    If iBlocked = &quot;&quot; Then iBlocked = 0&#xA;    If iFailed = &quot;&quot; Then iFailed = 0&#xA;    If iNA = &quot;&quot; Then iNA = 0&#xA;    If iNoRun = &quot;&quot; Then iNoRun = 0&#xA;    If iNotCompleted = &quot;&quot; Then iNotCompleted = 0&#xA;    If iPassed = &quot;&quot; Then iPassed = 0&#xA;&#xA;    Me.iBlocked = iBlocked&#xA;    Me.iFailed = iFailed&#xA;    Me.iNA = iNA&#xA;    Me.iNoRun = iNoRun&#xA;    Me.iNotCompleted = iNotCompleted&#xA;    Me.iPassed = iPassed    &#xA;End Sub&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Sends an email to the distribution list&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Private Sub TDSendMail()&#xA;&#xA;    Dim EMailTo : EMailTo = Me.EMailTo&#xA;    Dim QCTestSetName : QCTestSetName = Me.QCTestSetName&#xA;&#xA;    If EMailTo = &quot;&quot; Then Exit Sub&#xA;&#xA;    load_ExecutionRunStatus()&#xA;&#xA;    TDConnection.SendMail EMailTo, &quot;&quot;, &quot;Automation Regression Execution: &quot; &amp;amp; QCTestSetName&amp;amp;&quot;; Environment : &quot; &amp;amp;Env&amp;amp;&quot;; Browser : &quot;&amp;amp;ExecutionBrowser, sHTML&#xA;End Sub&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'Class Initialize &amp;amp; Terminate&#xA;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' Releases connections and sends mail after TSScheduler execution&#xA;''' &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;''' &amp;lt;remarks&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/remarks&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Private Sub Class_Terminate()&#xA;    Dim bStatus&#xA;    '@see isQCConnected()&#xA;    bStatus = isQCConnected&#xA;&#xA;    If bStatus Then&#xA;        If IsObject(TSFolder) Then&#xA;            If Not TSFolder Is Nothing Then&#xA;                TSFolder.Refresh : WScript.Sleep(5000)&#xA;&#xA;                'Send an email to the distribution list&#xA;                TDSendMail()&#xA;&#xA;                Set TSFolder = Nothing&#xA;            End If&#xA;        End If&#xA;    End If&#xA;&#xA;    On Error Resume Next&#xA;        'Disconnect TD session&#xA;        TDConnection.Disconnect&#xA;&#xA;        'Disconect and quit QTP&#xA;        If IsObject(qtApp) Then&#xA;            If qtApp.TDConnection.IsConnected Then qtApp.TDConnection.Disconnect&#xA;            qtApp.Quit&#xA;        End If&#xA;    On Error Goto 0&#xA;&#xA;    Set qtApp = Nothing&#xA;    Set TDConnection = Nothing&#xA;End Sub&#xA;&#xA;End Class ''RunTestSet&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16269" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T09:26:36.190" LastActivityDate="2021-04-17T05:14:44.083" Title="Executing QC TestSet via OTA API throws error" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;hp-alm-12.20&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-26T22:47:36.527" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a corollary to what David said, testers have the same memory limitations that developers do.  If you don't log the bug, chances are very good it won't get fixed.  This is especially true if it's not a severe bug, as chances are very good that the developer(s) are working on fixing severe problems first, and won't fix less severe ones for a while.  And by documenting the bug, you're saving the next tester who finds it time, as they won't have to document the bug themselves.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that said, &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; opening the defect, there's nothing wrong with then talking to the developer to get/give more information, and possibly putting that into the defect report as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, to be blunt about it, there's a bit of a CYA factor here as well:  if you report a bug that doesn't get fixed, and gets released, things will probably go a lot easier for you if you can point to the bug report to document that it was found.  Someone may have decided it wasn't worth fixing, or time constraints may have kicked in, or whatever, but it's far better from your point of view to be able to point to a bug report than to say, &quot;Yeah, I saw that, but ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T22:47:36.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16609" CreationDate="2016-01-26T23:06:36.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's to some degree up to your management team.  Who does what testing differs from place to place, and what different phases of test are called can differ as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it's very, very important that everyone understand what the expectations are for the different development phases.  Otherwise, you're either going to be duplicating effort or missing certain classes of problems, or at best finding them later than would be ideal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all that said, I'd say automate as much as you can, especially if it's something you'll have to do more than once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-01-26T23:06:36.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16658" CreationDate="2016-01-27T02:54:17.223" Score="14" ViewCount="8970" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I run my Jmeter test script via command line with a thread count of up to &lt;code&gt;200&lt;/code&gt; the test executes properly and at the end closes all processes and generates a proper result file. All this takes about 5 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I increase the number of threads to &lt;code&gt;300&lt;/code&gt; or more, and execute the test, it the just keeps on executing and just doesn't end. Doesn't matter if I leave it for a whole day still the test doesn't end until I manually end the test by &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Crtl&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; or closing the command prompt itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any probable reason why the tests just won't stop for a high number of threads?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T19:34:18.137" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T19:34:18.137" Title="JMeter: Command line tests do not end" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16657" CreationDate="2016-01-27T03:17:15.317" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Open you test plan in the Jmeter GUI and check the HTTP Response Timeout limit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this, in Jmeter, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the TEST Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Got to the HTTP Request Sampler under Threads&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the Timeouts section set the Response Timeout limit and Save the Test Plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now try to run your test from the command line. It will stop the test after the timeout limit is reached!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16277" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T03:17:15.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-27T05:49:03.453" Score="1" ViewCount="698" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use chrome Plugins like what font, full page Screen capture. in one of my project, can we write the code for it? Using Selenium web-driver + java.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am still on search, is there any workaround for this?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Need&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Take screenshot is works well on &lt;strong&gt;firefox&lt;/strong&gt;, works in &lt;strong&gt;chrome&lt;/strong&gt; also, but it takes image of only visible part not the full page, so I want to use &lt;strong&gt;chrome Plugins to make error reporting will be easy&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T01:14:35.143" LastActivityDate="2020-01-13T01:14:35.143" Title="How to use chrome Plugins in Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-27T07:22:20.803" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is a clear and obvious breach against &lt;strong&gt;uncomplicated&lt;/strong&gt; acceptance criteria, then report bug as soon as possible.  Feel free to bypass the developer, BA or product owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, do not report the bug unless you first talk to the author of acceptance criteria (eg: BA or product owner), and the developer.  If you do not: it is possible that you will raise a bug that is actually a feature, or delay important conversations that will probably lead to changing of acceptance criteria, or worse a developer will pick up the 'not a bug' bug and 'fix it', wasting lots of everybody's time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16281" LastEditorUserId="16281" LastEditDate="2016-01-28T01:20:58.697" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T01:20:58.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16654" CreationDate="2016-01-27T11:27:18.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To run a UFT test from ALM the ALM project need to have the &quot;ALM Lab Extention...&quot; enabled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also need to have operational testing host with the purpose Quick Test Professional and a user with a profile the correct permission.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise you can connect UFT with ALM and run the test from UFT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T11:27:18.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16657" CreationDate="2016-01-27T12:08:58.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only way to get the reason is looking into &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file and taking a thread dump using &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/tools/share/jstack.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jstack&lt;/a&gt; command to see where it hangs and why. You can also add the following line to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.autoflush=true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and look into .jtl results file to see whether it is being updated. You can also open it with the listener of your choice in GUI mode to see whether response times are reasonable as it might be a problem on the application under test side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it might be the case of incorrect JMeter configuration, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter comes with default Java Heap size of 512MB which is not enough for massive load testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;People often use a lot of listeners during test run, it does not make sense and slows the things down greatly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inefficient usage of assertions, timers, post processors can also be the cause. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;9 Easy Solutions for a JMeter Load Test “Out of Memory” Failure&lt;/a&gt; guide for comprehensive explanation and few more performance and tuning tips.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T12:08:58.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-27T12:43:21.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;My view as a developer is that even if you are unsure it is a bug then report it. The upshot of this is (some of this has been mentioned by others)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are unsure if it is a bug then you do not have enough product knowledge to perform the testing. This could be for several reasons, including partial training, poor documentation and insufficiently detailed specifications. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you immediately interrupt the developer that is 15 minutes lost productivity due to context switching (not counting the conversation time).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bug reports can always be closed with a status of As Designed. That way there is a track of any conversation and who was involved. A related issue can be raised to improve documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is a bug then an issue number &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; be required when the fix is checked in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, and I don't think this has been covered yet, it is &lt;strong&gt;ALWAYS&lt;/strong&gt; the testers responsibility to create the bug report. The report should ideally contain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A description of the issue (this should be as an average user would perceive the issue). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Detailed steps to reproduce the issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The outcome of these steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The expected outcome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maybe some screen shots&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A log file or debug output if this is built into the product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Additional technical information if the tester has a strong idea of the cause. Note that there is a big difference between this and the description&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16291" LastEditorUserId="16291" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T13:50:00.187" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T13:50:00.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-27T13:01:37.053" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the factors I've found impact whether or not I report something formally or not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Development Methodology&lt;/strong&gt; - If I'm working in an agile environment I'm more likely to work informally with the developer at first. In a waterfall environment, I'm more likely to report the issue because the developer has probably moved on to something else, where in an agile environment I'm likely to be looking at code-in-progress.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Team Location&lt;/strong&gt; - If I'm in the same room as the developers, I'm more likely to work informally with the developers. If I'm in a separate location, I'm more likely to report informally.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is the problem with code in active development?&lt;/strong&gt; - If I'm looking at something that's in active development and seeing a problem or have a question, I'm more likely to ask the developer, or send an email or instant message. If they can get me an answer or fix within a day, that's generally as far as it goes. If it's going to take them a while to get to the issue, I'll report it formally. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How big is the problem?&lt;/strong&gt; - This is very much a judgment call - even if you open the new module and get an access violation, it may not be something you need to report formally: there have been many times I've queried something like this, and had a response like &quot;Oh, crap, I missed that, I'll get you a fixed build right away&quot; or &quot;Oh, yes, that part isn't ready yet. You'll need to use this work around.&quot; Neither of those cases justify a formal bug report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who developed it?&lt;/strong&gt; - Sadly, not all developers are reasonable. I've only had one problem child in my career - a developer who would build &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; what the requirements said, and anything that wasn't in there didn't happen, so if the conceptual sketches didn't include the number of pixels between fields, the fields would be built without spacing, and the report that the fields were unreadable as a result was &quot;not a bug&quot; - and for that developer only, everything was documented at an exhaustive level or it wouldn't get fixed. For others, I've often asked if they want something documented as a bug or not, and then done as they've asked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, if I'm not sure whether to report something formally, I'll email or message the developer, allowing them to respond when they're ready rather than break their flow. It will &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; be reported in some fashion, whether formally or informally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T13:01:37.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16665" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-27T13:27:35.897" Score="1" ViewCount="684" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to integrate SoapUI with TeamCity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a working MSBuild file (works fine on the TC server when launched via the UI or command line), but when running the build from TeamCity it hangs and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://paste.ee/p/XoIO7#uUo75TbOTzV6MmUoceVCToTqqbffZx1X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Java thread dump&lt;/a&gt; returns a message stating that it is waiting on a condition (below). I am not sure why this is happening as when running the MSBuild outside of teamcity there are no errors that would seem to be connected problems on &lt;a href=&quot;https://paste.ee/p/P2Zvz#MJxR1DzEwr0eMLMUSDm2JsbWqna7l7Wm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the output&lt;/a&gt;. I think there may be a deadlock between TC and SoapUI, but unfortunately, I am not sure how to resolve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone could shed any light on what this might be it would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16289" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:31:26.090" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:31:26.090" Title="Integrate SoapUI with TeamCity - TeamCity waiting on a condition" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9077" CreationDate="2016-01-27T15:02:03.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can download the Business View Excel Add-in and use the &quot;Test Design Steps&quot; business view from Excel or, if enabled, you can create a Excel Report in the Analisys View.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To download the Business View Excel Add-in go to your ALM server, choose the Tools link, in the new page select &quot;More HP ALM Add-ins&quot;, select Add-ins then Add-ins for Microsoft Application then Business Views Microsoft Excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T15:02:03.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16668" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-01-27T15:23:01.577" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T15:23:01.577" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T15:23:01.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16669" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-01-27T15:23:01.577" Score="0" Body="Git is a distributed version control system for developers working on application code.  It allows different developers to create and work in different versions known as branches and to record changes to groups of files called commits. " OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T06:59:28.573" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T06:59:28.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16670" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-01-27T15:25:47.527" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T15:25:47.527" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T15:25:47.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16671" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-01-27T15:25:47.527" Score="0" Body="Poor guy detecting and raising bugs (errors) in the product (code, system, etc.) by applying verification and validation methods." OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-01-28T02:51:33.513" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T02:51:33.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16672" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-27T15:50:07.077" Score="1" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 2 scripts and calling those 2 scripts in the 3rd script like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;callScript(&quot;LoginScript&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;callScript(&quot;AddPatient&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I am running the 3rd script. I am getting Specify Playback Options. I am getting Datapool iteration Count as &quot;&lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to run &quot;&lt;code&gt;LoginScript&lt;/code&gt;&quot; once and &quot;&lt;code&gt;AddPatient&lt;/code&gt;&quot; Iterate Until Done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there is any way I can have Datapool iteration count in the code as many times I have patient information the excel sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:32:00.180" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:32:00.180" Title="In Rational Functional Tester How to Run 2 scripts together with 2nd script many times" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16673" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-27T17:07:38.243" Score="1" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;In manual testing, we create separate tests for a certain function. Example scenario is this:&#xA;I have 2 radio buttons and a search dropdown. Each of the radio buttons have difference departments listed under a dropdown. You can use these either logged in or not.&#xA;In order to test it, I test the first radio button and check the dropdown list if the departments are present. So 1 test case have passed. Then I do the same thing with the second radio button. It passed as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now in automation scripts, I created a test script that is based off of these functions. What bothers me is that how do I run these scripts? Should I also follow the same procedure like what I do in manual testing, it is just that my scripts do the work for me? Or should I run both test scripts(for 2 radio buttons) altogether? If I do that, I'd get an error on stale element, or element not found. But if I run one test script at a time, I get the result I want. If I want the test to fail I change the expected value. Which is the best practice I could do? Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T18:14:20.180" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T18:14:20.180" Title="How should automation scripts run for similar tests with different values?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16674" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16675" CreationDate="2016-01-27T17:18:49.610" Score="4" ViewCount="837" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a recent interview I was asked the following question on a white board:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What is the name of this format “.//&lt;/em&gt;[@id=\'nosession\']/form/div[1]/input”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I literally had no idea how to answer this, because I have never seen its format before. I know that it looks like a FindElement piece but I have never seen &lt;strong&gt;@id&lt;/strong&gt; before the id and never have I come accross a &lt;strong&gt;\'nosession\'&lt;/strong&gt; id before. Have any of you seen this? and how would you handle answering this question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T18:34:18.437" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T06:51:20.013" Title="How would you answer this interview question?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16674" CreationDate="2016-01-27T17:26:20.277" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like XPath locator to me, but this is not all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR: Technical part of the question is just starting point to showcase your skills and experience.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When answering such technical interviewing questions, goal (unless you are explicitly said so) is &lt;strong&gt;not to give shortest answer,&lt;/strong&gt; but to start conversation where you can &lt;strong&gt;showcase your skills and experience.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So after mentioning that string above is XPath locator (which is technical part of the answer), I would also mentioned &lt;strong&gt;how and why it is used, what are pros and cons,&lt;/strong&gt; etc, like: locating web page elements by XPath is quite fragile, better way is (in order of preference) locate elements by id, name or CSS class, or by text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In discussion you can also &lt;strong&gt;show that you have real-life experience of using mentioned technology.&lt;/strong&gt; So (in case above) I would also asked if developers are open to add ids/names (with the goal to avoid using XPath if possible). If you are interviewing for a position of automated tester to write selenium test for outside web pages where your company have no control over the page code (developer will not help your testing by adding ids or names), then brace for locating elements by XPath, and prepare for constant breakage of your tests after slight page design changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another angle would be to ask interviewer how deep into XPath they want me to go (analyzing what exactly this locator finds). As I said, because my developers cooperate (and I can add ids/names myself when needed), so if they need XPath guru, I would need to brush up my (rusty) skills for a position relying on XPath so heavily. But my gut feeling is (unless job description asks for XPath guru) such admission will show interviewer that I am aware of level of my skills (and need to enhance them), and would not be counted against me. Also, if XPath was mentioned in job description, prudent action would be to brush up on basics before interview (so such basic XPath question would be a softball for you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically in answering question like this will help to &lt;strong&gt;show how technical problems relate to communication problems and people problems&lt;/strong&gt; and to show that &lt;strong&gt;you do know the consequences and you did learned the lessons&lt;/strong&gt; (if you do and did), to &lt;strong&gt;show experience beyond classroom knowledge.&lt;/strong&gt; Best would be to mention some &lt;strong&gt;real life war story&lt;/strong&gt; (if you have one) how your experience was beneficial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From XPath you can move discussion i.e. how last-minute design changes can cause massive failure of automated tests using XPath (and how to make shared locators so you change them in one place), or commiserate how heroic week was needed to fix release (and better, what you learned, what changes you suggest to avoid such heroics next time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This kind of real-life experience (debating real life war stories) cannot be faked (faking is easy to detect). So even if you do not identify the format correctly (or missed some fine points of XPath syntax) you can still show off your real life experience. One can learn XPath syntax in a week. Experience is much slower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-01-27T23:26:33.183" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T23:26:33.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-27T19:28:05.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If my dev counterpart is available I try to talk with them first.  That gives them the chance to request extra information that I might not have thought of.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my dev counterpart tells me that that area is not ready for testing, I tell them I will enter a bug just to remind myself to come back and look at the area once they believe it is ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I hear that that bug will not be fixed or is working as expected, then a bug report becomes a tool for support to reference should this become a call generator.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16310" LastActivityDate="2016-01-27T19:28:05.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16677" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-27T20:35:54.350" Score="2" ViewCount="454" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Microsoft Test Manager 2015 Update 1. I created a couple of shared parameters to see how they work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you delete them? I can make them inactive, but they still display in the list of available shared parameters. I don't see a delete button and when I searched online I found nothing about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="840" LastEditorUserId="840" LastEditDate="2016-01-28T16:01:36.163" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T16:46:58.110" Title="How do I delete a shared parameter in Microsoft Test Manager" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-28T02:05:12.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I work at a team that doesn't have specific requirements for projects, I always communicate it with the developers and showing them how I reproduced the issue. They will acknowledge it. Sometimes they would say, let me check on that.. Coming back, they would say, oh I have fixed that please test it. Before they can fix it, I have already documented the issue and assigned the bug to them. I would always say it is for documentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T02:05:12.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-28T02:48:06.453" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think, it is always good to discuss things in person. You are lucky you have that things going on at your work place. In many companies all communication happens only via a system and that at times creates lot of confusion. What you write and what the other person understands may be completely different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For things like developers don't consider the bugs, I think you should start to improve on you skills to convince people!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16320" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T02:48:06.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16632" CreationDate="2016-01-28T04:33:13.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ATUT Reporter help you provide bar chart and graph, you just need to add listeners in your class. go through this link&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; http://automationtestingutilities.blogspot.in/p/reporting.html&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T04:33:13.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9377" CreationDate="2016-01-28T05:16:52.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're using Jmeter for performance testing, you'd want to be informed that Jmeter doesn't open browser instances when sending web requests to the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How Jmeter works is, it takes all the web requests (http(s)) and hits them to the server. It doesn't open any physical browser on the client side for it. It uses its own virtual browser if any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For hitting all the requests at the same time you might want to adjust the ramp-up time in the Thread Group. You can change the ramp-up time to increase the load gradually or rapidly. So depending on your configuration of the Thread Group &amp;amp; Samplers, Jmeter with hit the web requests on your server and fetch the performance results for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want that all the 10 instances must get initiated from the very start of your test you have set the ramp-up time to zero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2021-02-26T07:48:32.427" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:48:32.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13967" CreationDate="2016-01-28T12:01:51.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly its not a right move to performance test a live application. You can take performance test as equivalent to hacking. &#xA;Live applications are made very much secure and usually it doesn't allows requests from proxy ip servers and have firewall issues. Bette you try scripting some demo applications for your learning purpose..&#xA;Now the second part if you are hell bent on recording flipkart using jmeter, install fiddler and see what requests are being sent while enabling the capture traffic tab of fiddler.. recording through jemeter might miss to capture few of the responses but with fiddler you can capture all the incoming and outgoing requests. Finally you need to add manually http requests in jmeter which are not there...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16332" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T12:01:51.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13967" CreationDate="2016-01-28T12:44:44.437" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although you can do it directly with Jmeter but as you mentioned above there is so much that you will have to do for it and you will require to have strong knowledge of Java &amp;amp; Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do it the easy way. Use Blazemeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blazemeter has a Chrome extension using which you can record user actions in Chrome and then export the test script. Those script can then be used in Jmeter. And the good part is that it will record everything, the login, other form data cookies, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16335" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T12:44:44.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16674" CreationDate="2016-01-28T13:00:45.363" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll start a conversation by saying it looks like an xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I'll explain what element it is for and then start a talk about how it would work and share my knowledge around xpaths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16337" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T13:00:45.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16609" CreationDate="2016-01-28T13:19:26.917" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anything for which you can write a logic piece of code can be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think usually the things that are very repetitive task that are very cumbersome to do day in and day out can be automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit level checks can be automated so that the developers can perform their validation checks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually security &amp;amp; performance related tasks are automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8850" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T13:19:26.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16623" CreationDate="2016-01-28T13:46:22.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Uses cases which must be automated for a website are -       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use cases which require the user to manually insert a lot of data on forms.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edge cases or cases with critical functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing on different software/hardware platforms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simulate large number of users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repetitive steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calculations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data is conditionally displayed on page based on any selections&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log in after registration process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add/Edit/Delete functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any critical validations (date, price fields)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any important reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16328" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T13:46:22.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-28T15:43:25.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Report the bug.  A QA person's role is to be an independent verification authority.  Someone who understands the products requirements and who is focused on quality.  Make sure you document your problem scenario/reproduction steps so that your bug report stands up to scrutiny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with discussing bugs ahead of logging them is that it introduces human emotion into the process before the process has had a chance to begin.  You then short-circuit all your metrics, and allow developers to game the system, or worse, emotionally abuse the QA personnel.  This reduces both product quality and morale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does so this happen so frequently?  Because different developers take bug reports differently.  Some take them in stride, others consider them to be a form of criticism or black mark, causing them shame and embarrassment.  Of course this is ridiculous, but people are human, and come from all kinds of backgrounds.  If this is a problem in your organization, it needs to be addressed.  But the bottom line is -- please encourage developers and testers to follow the process.  There's plenty of time to discuss issues after the bug has been reported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16343" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T15:43:25.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16810" CreationDate="2016-01-28T17:00:59.417" Score="0" ViewCount="17475" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'am using &lt;code&gt;Selenium with Standalone Server (V2.48.2)&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;NetBeans&lt;/code&gt; and using &lt;code&gt;Firefox (V44.0)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried different ways to get this fixed, but its an error that appears to be random in different parts of my code every once in a while; &lt;b&gt;&quot;Timed out after 10 seconds waiting for presence of element located&quot;&lt;/b&gt; Sometimes it works all fine and processes everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I currently use &lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(by))&lt;/code&gt; method to wait for page to load, but it is still giving me this issue.&#xA;This occurs in a filter of 4 dropdown lists, one enables another:&#xA;     &lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form name=&quot;ymme-form&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;select name=&quot;year&quot; id=&quot;year&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;option&amp;gt;Year&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;select name=&quot;make&quot; disabled=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;option&amp;gt;Make&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;select name=&quot;model&quot; disabled=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;option&amp;gt;Model&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;select name=&quot;engine&quot; disabled=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;option&amp;gt;Engine&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;button class=&quot;button&quot; disabled=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;ADD VEHICLE&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next code is highly modified from what i had in the beginning (note the Try Catch code repeated) because i tried to force this in many ways, but any advice on the code is highly appreciated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(int attemptMake = 0; attemptMake&amp;lt;attemptsForFilters;attemptMake++){&#xA;                           try{&#xA;                            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.name(&quot;make&quot;)));&#xA;                           boolean makeDisplay = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;make&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;                           boolean makeFilters = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;make&quot;)).isEnabled();&#xA;                             if(makeDisplay){&#xA;                                   if(makeFilters){&#xA;                                    Select makeSelect = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;make&quot;)));&#xA;                                      List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; listMake = makeSelect.getOptions();&#xA;                                           for(int m = 1;m&amp;lt;listMake.size();m++){&#xA;                                               if(listMake.get(m).getText().toLowerCase().equals(lineProcess.make.toLowerCase())){&#xA;                                                          makeProcess = listMake.get(m).getText();&#xA;                                                          makeSelect.selectByIndex(m);&#xA;                                                          break;&#xA;                                               }&#xA;                                           }&#xA;                                      }&#xA;                                                 } else if (!makeFilters){&#xA;                                                    System.out.println(&quot;Not Make Option detected for: &quot; + lineProcess.model + &quot; - attempt: &quot; + attemptMake);&#xA;                                                }&#xA;                           } catch(Exception e){&#xA;                                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.name(&quot;make&quot;)));&#xA;                           boolean makeDisplay = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;make&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;                           boolean makeFilters = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;make&quot;)).isEnabled();&#xA;                             if(makeDisplay){&#xA;                                   if(makeFilters){&#xA;                                    Select makeSelect = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;make&quot;)));&#xA;                                      List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; listMake = makeSelect.getOptions();&#xA;                                           for(int m = 1;m&amp;lt;listMake.size();m++){&#xA;                                               if(listMake.get(m).getText().toLowerCase().equals(lineProcess.make.toLowerCase())){&#xA;                                                          makeProcess = listMake.get(m).getText();&#xA;                                                          makeSelect.selectByIndex(m);&#xA;                                                          break;&#xA;                                               }&#xA;                                           }&#xA;                                      }&#xA;                                                 } else if (!makeFilters){&#xA;                                                    System.out.println(&quot;Not Make Option detected for: &quot; + lineProcess.model + &quot; - attempt: &quot; + attemptMake);&#xA;                                                }&#xA;                           }&#xA;                           }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for any help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I'm constantly getting this error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot;&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: Element is no&#xA;  longer attached to the DOM&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if I have waited for the Element before or validated it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='ymmeOverlayMainContent']/div[@class='ymmeWidget']/form/button[@class='button']&quot;)));&#xA;                            WebElement submitAddvehicle = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='ymmeOverlayMainContent']/div[@class='ymmeWidget']/form/button[@class='button']&quot;));&#xA;                            if(submitAddvehicle.isEnabled()){&#xA;                                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='ymmeOverlayMainContent']/div[@class='ymmeWidget']/form&quot;)).click();&#xA;                                submitAddvehicle.click();&#xA;                                executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, submitAddvehicle); //&amp;lt;---- Here is the error&#xA;                                executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, submitAddvehicle);&#xA;                                }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16272" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T13:09:20.913" LastActivityDate="2020-04-11T18:20:52.977" Title="How can i avoid or fix time outs in Selenium Java?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-28T17:47:52.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should absolutely discuss it with the developer. I work in an environment where we have a mainframe connected via MQ and other middleware to various front ends (web apps, POS machines, smartphone apps). Just because a scenario fails doesn't mean the code is bad. Maybe the middleware developer isn't passing the correct data to the front end. Maybe the XML between the hosts is garbage. Our new thing is offshore testers working overnight failing everything left and right in their scripts because they don't know our platform or how the apps should work. It's maddening. Speaking with a developer will help get it assigned to the right area, and identify what is failing and where. Assigning it to a random dev is a great way to pass the buck around and for everyone to say &quot;not it&quot; while nothing gets fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16349" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T17:47:52.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-28T22:38:05.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just repeating some of what has already been said, but as another voice with 15+ years of combined QA &amp;amp; Dev experience, I would agree mostly with those who say that it all depends on what works best for your company/teams.  However that said, I'm a fan of open dialog between Dev &amp;amp; QA, and I personally think teams that have that in place will fare better in the overall shared ownership of quality.  In my experience, talking to the developer first when possible is a good way to basically help confirm that what you're experiencing is a bug (some simple examples might be- a host is down for an expected reason you didn't know about- or maybe something else you were doing you thought was unrelated had an effect on your test), and also may help you get more info and narrow the repro description.  In general just- dialog could help you both understand the issue more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, that does NOT mean 'if dev says you had a misunderstanding of requirements' he is right and you are wrong.  You seem to be concerned about whether or not you should talk to Dev based on the fact that they might disagree with you.  I think that is completely separate from whether or not you should bring an issue up with them first.   You are not Dev's underling- you are their peer.  You WILL have disagreements...regularly- whether you bring it up with them first or not.  You will have people who take things personally, who take combative approaches instead of working together, etc (on both dev and QA side)... it's just part of your job as a good QA to deal with those situations as best you can.  Sometimes that means trying to find common ground with the dev, if that's not working you can take other approaches (build consensus with your team/manager first maybe- try the same with other members of the dev team/dev team manager, etc).  Bottom line is- if you feel strongly that what you are seeing is a bug and needs attention (or at least to be documented and followed up on), and you can make your case for it- then file it and stand behind it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly- I would just say, sometimes it's just a common sense call.  Sometimes you might just know devs are busy and shouldn't be bothered based on the severity of what you're looking at- and you just file it.  Or you know it's an issue and just file it.    There's really no right or wrong here; if your teams don't have anything defined, you can try a little of both and see what gets you the best results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16356" LastEditorUserId="16356" LastEditDate="2016-01-28T22:47:25.813" LastActivityDate="2016-01-28T22:47:25.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16705" CreationDate="2016-01-29T05:01:10.437" Score="2" ViewCount="7596" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PhVhl.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PhVhl.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Logout button&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are currently working on a selenium project. Can you guys help me to find the xpath locator for the logout button in the application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a screenshot of the code for the element for which I'm trying to find the xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-29T14:09:29.663" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T08:35:36.687" Title="How to find the xpath locator for logout button?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16698" CreationDate="2016-01-29T05:16:02.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try below xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@class='item']/div[text(),'Logout']    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T05:16:02.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16700" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T05:44:47.937" Score="0" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have selenium scripts (say around 20 scripts). &#xA;When we run all the 20 scripts some how 3 or 4 scripts going to fail but when I run the same script it is going to pass. I don't understand whether I am doing something wrong or if there is any different approach to run multiple scripts. Please help me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-01-29T10:57:52.083" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T10:57:52.083" Title="Selenium scripts are failing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2016-02-04T00:54:55.743" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T06:44:31.277" Score="4" ViewCount="9652" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it useful to do separate load testing on a mobile App? I mean a mobile App is just a light weight client/viewer (like a browser) which internally calls some services/web API's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, can we say load testing of a mobile App is actually load testing of the web API...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not which tools can we use to load-test a mobile App?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My scenario is 5000 users using the App simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T23:32:53.690" LastActivityDate="2020-06-03T11:12:04.483" Title="How to do performance/load testing of a mobile App?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16698" CreationDate="2016-01-29T08:18:07.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The above answer by QAMember should be correct. You can also try this xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //div[contains(text(),'Logout')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T08:18:07.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16704" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T08:20:36.203" Score="1" ViewCount="1042" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been a Non-IT student, but now I want to start my career as a software tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there certification I should get?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Which programming languages and frameworks should I learn?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is it necessary to learn Java?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16373" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T18:20:21.060" LastActivityDate="2021-02-08T10:36:49.203" Title="What languages and frameworks should I learn for selenium automation testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-04T00:54:22.523" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16698" CreationDate="2016-01-29T08:32:42.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @Nathan_Cooper already commented I would ask to add Ids to the objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's not possible, or if the HTML is dynamic, I would start a little higher than the other answer, in particular from &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;header_menu logout&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as I assume that a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; with a class &lt;code&gt;logout&lt;/code&gt; will always wrap the logout button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[contains(@class ,'logout')]//div[contains(text(),'Logout')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T08:32:42.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16706" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T08:40:47.083" Score="1" ViewCount="1304" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a tester logs a new defect/bug, should there be a section on how the Bug impacts the business and how many modules/features it would impact?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that a good bug reporting practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T00:28:28.850" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T16:27:10.467" Title="Should we include 'Defect Impact analysis' section in the Bug report?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16700" CreationDate="2016-01-29T09:08:18.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a bunch of selenium test cases and could observe a similar behavior.&#xA;We dug into the issues and figured out two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make test cases &quot;orthogonal&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test cases should not depend on each other. But that also means that every test case is responsible for creating the correct precondition for itself to run.&#xA;Don't make any assumptions about the environment, e.g. always create fresh empty database tables before running a test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AJAX is a bit trickier to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When You are using jQuery / JavaScript on Your site You have to make sure that the asynchronous code is already executed when you make a check&#xA;In Selenium you can either wait directly or wait for a specific elements to appear on the site.&#xA;You also can inject script code e.g. focus on other element to ensure that the async action is triggered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more specific advice some samples of you testcode is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T09:08:18.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16701" CreationDate="2016-01-29T10:26:25.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;5000 users using the App simultaneously is mostly load testing for the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But why do you care about names and definitions? Just think about what do you want to test your App for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Load&quot; can be as simple as a monkey-user hitting buttons, or it could be heavy computations done on a loaded CPU, or trying to transfer a large amount of data over a poor network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T11:31:53.970" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T11:31:53.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16704" CreationDate="2016-01-29T10:30:21.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several ways to get involved with software testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;On way is to get formal qualification like a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB&lt;/a&gt; certificate &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to just start testing on sites like &lt;a href=&quot;https://test.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://test.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;to gain experience in testing products and writing bug reports&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When You apply for a job in a software company it is always a good thing to know the very basics about software development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If You don't have any experience in programming start with a scripting language like Python or Ruby. Nowadays You can learn them online via e.g. Codecademy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T10:30:21.253" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16701" CreationDate="2016-01-29T10:46:28.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for this, it comes with Proxy server so you will be able to &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;record&lt;/a&gt; your test scenario and replay it with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html#adding_users&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;increased number of virtual users&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207420545-BlazeMeter-Recorder-Mobile-Recorder-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile Recorder&lt;/a&gt; service which is the simpler way of capturing mobile device traffic and converting it into a JMeter test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T10:46:28.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16704" CreationDate="2016-01-29T11:01:30.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually Java or other languages could be good option to drive Selenium tests, but it is not a must.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can command WebDriver from many different languages. Ruby, Java, C#, VBA, VBS, Javascript. Thanks to WebDriver you will have possibility to run your tests in multiple browsers (Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But all the languages are just a plus. If you do not want to learn complicated languages, there is a Selenese resp. Selenium-IDE, what is a simple spaghetti-code scripting language with record/replay possibilities. This could be a good start for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be good if you learn XPath expressions and HTML/CSS to construct more complicated web object identifiers. This you will need later on as well, if you will go to higher level with Java or something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium-IDE is usually under-evaluated as a toy and not a professional tool, but for smaller projects it is enough. Of course, it has its limitations. You are limited to Firefox and inside browser scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can extend Selenium-IDE with plugins which will allow you to make conditions, cycles or procedures (Selblocks) and can give you little more control of your script and solve more complicated tasks including easy made datadriven testing via XML datasources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="33067" LastEditDate="2021-02-08T10:36:49.203" LastActivityDate="2021-02-08T10:36:49.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16706" CreationDate="2016-01-29T11:28:34.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A classic answer: &quot;It depends&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on how strongly the tester is involved into the development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If he knows that the issue affects two different products which are delivered from two separate branches relying on the same implementation, he can state that in his bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more practical approach would be simply trying to reproduce the same issue in a second product / module / feature and file another bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T11:28:34.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16715" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T12:01:24.563" Score="23" ViewCount="4007" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a developer and I generally check in partial implementations so that I don't have too much uncommited code at any time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I make sure that the application compiles and that it does not interfere with other parts of the code. Only when I have implemented and tested a feature do I mark it as &quot;done&quot;. This is when I feel that  SQA can formally start testing the feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lately our SQA has been told to start testing things and logging bugs that are not fully implemented yet. To make matters worse we have 3 SQA and they all log the same bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This increases the number of bugs that get assigned to every developer and then not only do the developers have to complete the task on hand but they also have to work through all these bugs that have been logged. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me personally when I get 20 bugs on any feature I feel as though I did a sloppy job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a normal/accepted practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16384" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T00:28:14.123" LastActivityDate="2020-08-22T12:59:46.293" Title="Should QA report bugs on features before they are fully implemented?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="15" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-29T12:44:58.667" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me this is a perfect example of what happens when effectiveness of testers is assessed based on the wrong KPI, in this case, a number of bugs reported. In the end it will harm testers, developers, relationships between tester and developers and as a result product quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this is wrong KPI and there have been at least two discussions here why is so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3381/what-is-a-good-kpi-for-software-qa&quot;&gt;What is a good KPI for software QA?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5201/what-are-the-most-useful-kpis-for-tester?lq=1&quot;&gt;What are the most useful KPIs for tester&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, personally, sometimes report problems found in incomplete work, but I ask before reporting it formally. I ask whether it's because of incomplete work or just requirements are wrong and we need to discuss requirements or plan fixing it in the next sprints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Joern Boegeholz suggested also to work in branches. This is great approach. However, you said you were working for two weeks on UI changes and it has not been finished. To me this demonstrates that perhaps your stories might be too long and you should try to work as a team on defining stories that are smaller and of finer granularity. That could be kind of compromise also between testers and developers: they could get things to test more frequently and you could focus on your work until it is complete. Finally, merging shorter branches might be less painful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2019-12-27T09:58:12.933" LastActivityDate="2019-12-27T09:58:12.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-29T12:55:02.763" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the problem arrives from how you use your VCS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to commit your code because you have finished a sub task and want to have it backed up in case of e.g. a hdd crash on your workstation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your testers see changes in the repo or get an automated build which they test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One solution could be a separate working branch which is work in progress.&#xA;No tester should test this code unless asked to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When your feature is finished you can merge the code into a production/testing branch in your VCS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That commit can be tested and bugs can be filed for all builds from that branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T07:39:46.003" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T07:39:46.003" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16719" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-01-29T13:10:44.030" Score="5" ViewCount="1011" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say that your organization is certified to be compliant with ISO 9001 (or an industry-specific interpretation, such as AS 9100 for aerospace) and that your quality management system applies across the organization, including to software development efforts. However, no document in your QMS traces to ISO 90003 (or AS 9115), which provide software-specific interpretations of the documents. Does not tracing to the software-specific interpretations mean that your software development efforts do not need to address the issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's take a specific example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In AS9100, section 7.3.3 (Design and Development Outputs) adds a requirement beyond those in ISO 9001 that reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;e) specify, as applicable, any critical items, including any key characteristics, and specific actions to be taken for these items&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definition of critical item is given as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Those items (e.g., functions, parts, software, characteristics, processes) having significant effect on the product realization and use of the product; including safety, performance, form, fit, function, producibility, service life, etc.; that require specific actions to ensure they are adequately managed. Examples of critical items include safety critical items, fracture critical items, mission critical items, key characteristics, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the definition of key characteristic is given as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An attribute or feature whose variation has a significant effect on product fit, form, function, performance, service life or producibility, that requires specific actions for the purpose of controlling variation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you trace to AS9115, it becomes clear what a key characteristic means for software:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Key characteristics in software are those measurable attributes where variability can be measured by the project and can, if left unchecked, adversely impact the project or product in areas (e.g., schedule, cost, maintainability, testability, reliability, portability). Examples of key characteristics include defect severity, complexity factors, nested menus, memory, timing, response time, and throughput targets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your organization's QMS has process documentation that is designed to meet the intent of AS9100's Design and Development Output, does that documentation have to account for key characteristics in software? Would a QMS that doesn't address key characteristics in software be in non-compliance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My interpretation of ISO 9001 and AS 9100 is that it applies to all product development, regardless of the type of product that is being developed. These software-specific documents are additional guidance to remove ambiguities or add additional clarity between the hardware/manufacturing terms of ISO 9001 and AS 9100. If software is part of your product and you are certified to ISO 9001 or AS 9100, you need to ensure that your software development processes conform to the intent of the process. Is this a correct interpretation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="684" LastEditorUserId="684" LastEditDate="2016-01-29T13:24:56.320" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T15:20:48.617" Title="If your organization produces software, does ISO 9001 (or similar) apply to software development, even if you don't trace to ISO 90003?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-29T13:13:36.613" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the companies I've worked for over the last 10 years are using an Agile approach.  In this approach there are several factors to pay attention to such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;favor direct communication over formal processes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;encourage a team approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sit together&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find that in such environments you want to seek out practices such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pairing on test plans before development even starts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talking about how something will be tested before development starts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pairing on features at several stages through development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dev's pairing for qa work, testers pairing during dev work, 2 sets of eyes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you wait until you feel the feature is done enough to be tested you run the risk of more effort / not wanting to change to code already written and the risk of defending what you just created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does require more communication so that folks are aware of partial implementations, issues to ignore, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T13:13:36.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-29T13:45:26.827" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is always a very good practice to start testing as early as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By not fully implemented if you mean still under development, then I suppose that is not such a great idea. Yes, you can go for incremental build releases for testing, that might be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you say that your testers all log the same bugs, well there's your problem! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you maintain a central repository for tracking bugs? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bug tracking system of some sort? If yes, then do your testers check whether a bug has already been logged before they log their list of bugs? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do they not coordinate among themselves? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seems to be a serious communication and understanding issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16338" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-01-29T14:08:07.700" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T14:08:07.700" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-29T14:19:27.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The PM, the designer, the QA, the developer and other stakeholders; each of them have different perspectives and expectations from the product, even when working with a perfect analysis. An objective look really matters. So, sometimes, especially when I am about to release a new feature or unsure of the requirements of my task, I ask for QA's time and ask him to spend a few minutes with it. He can spot simple mistakes that I am not aware of. The developer is not interrupted, some bugs are early diagnosed and fixed, the QA now needs less time for tests in the future; even a bug-fix release might be avoided this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the standard and preferred approach is to report the bugs. A reported bug is official; it will be followed, fixed and verified. No one is not interrupted, no post-its or to-do lists, no remembering. The bug stays under record for the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16388" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T14:19:27.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16704" CreationDate="2016-01-29T14:50:26.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Python is widely considered as best language for beginner programmers. Java puts more focus on generating fast code (which adds requirements on programmer). Python is substantially more forgiving, and for website testing, speed is not the first requirement (flexibility is, where Python shines).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you want to be programmer, you need to improve your google-fu skills. &quot;best programming language&quot;, or comparing X to Java, happens pretty regularly of this forum. I leave finding them as exercise for OP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most gentle intro to programming: &lt;a href=&quot;https://hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu/~dyoo/python/idle_intro/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1 day of IDLE toying&lt;/a&gt;, more on &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide/NonProgrammers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Python for non-programmers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you do not believe me, check this presentation from SmartBear, providers of TestComplete: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www2.smartbear.com/rs/800-TIV-782/images/Python%20Webinar.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Why Python is THE Language to &#xA;Learn in 2015 for Developers and &#xA;Testers?&lt;/a&gt;. I am NOT associated with SmartBear. And until recently, their most prominent language was Java and Ruby, so Python is new to them too - for a reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-02-02T14:43:34.843" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T14:43:34.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-29T14:55:23.133" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say the issue is in the complete process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your process, you should have a delivery document which explains the SQA team what have been developed, and what is still in development. Using this document, the SQA won't test anything not developed yet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they absolutely must (due to management constraints) test in advance, you could cut your functionality in smaller pieces, and &quot;deliver&quot; some parts of a functionality only, which could be tested while the complete functionality isn't finished yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact of cutting a functionality into atomic pieces really helped us testing the right things, without loosing time in test on unfinished parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your &quot;same bug log three times&quot; issue, this is the responsibility of the Test Manager, who should organize his team so that they don't test the same functionality at the same time. It's the best way to loose a lot of time, both for the developer and the test team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8767" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T14:55:23.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-29T15:05:38.153" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It makes zero sense to waste time on testing&lt;/strong&gt; a feature (and reporting bugs, and triaging them) &lt;strong&gt;if development is not finished yet.&lt;/strong&gt; All this work will have to be redone again when code is finished. Something is strange in your process, if testers have so much time that they create extra work for themselves like that, which has no benefits to the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do your testers have separate environment for QA testing? Or developers deploy code directly from DEV to PROD? So QA is forced to test in DEV, trying to find bugs before they are in PROD? Separate testing environment would prevent that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Syndrome of even deeper problem is fact that all SQA will enter the same bug. It should be QA personnel responsibility to triage the bugs and see if there are duplicates. Especially if all bug reports are related to the same newly developed feature under testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your process includes QA environment, such situation can hardly even occur, because code is deployed to QA only after development is finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: If you work agile, and have resources, you can start exploring/writing tests for parts of the app which will not undergo rapid changes (which &quot;settled&quot;). But such tests are just preliminary, and have to be repeated when development is finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the OP's situation that makes little sense, because (from his question) the lack of the communication between QAs, and between QAs and developers. Agile development depends heavily on communication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-09-06T14:48:31.483" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T14:48:31.483" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16673" CreationDate="2016-01-29T15:26:05.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should have 2 test cases because they have difference steps and difference expected result. Run the test case one by one. If you want the test to fail, change the expected value to anything else. &#xA;It sounds like you are not using testing framework. If you are using xUnit, it will help you to manage test fixture, assertions, ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16216" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T15:26:05.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16698" CreationDate="2016-01-29T16:17:41.190" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to do it manually, then you will have to trace the path from the root of the host up to where the element is being generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an easy way to get the xpath. In Mozilla FireFox install Firebug addon. Then install Firepath addon. Now visit your web page. Press F12 to open Firebug console. Click on the Firepath tab. Inspect the element you want to get the xpath of. Xpath of that element will be displayed in the Firepath console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16392" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T16:17:41.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-29T17:29:45.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To stay simple, and echo what others have said- (20 years experience here)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find the steps to reproduce&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take your screen shots or grab logs, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find the root cause &lt;em&gt;if you can&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report the bug. Get it in the system. Perhaps do some limited searching to make sure it isn't a duplicate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;speak to the developer at this point or when first able &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-fin-&gt; &lt;br&gt;:)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7728" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T17:29:45.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5276" CreationDate="2016-01-29T20:29:31.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are workng with the ranorex and eggplant, they are really good solutions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ranorex.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testplant.com/eggplant/testing-tools/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16401" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T20:29:31.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-29T22:50:10.697" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, it doesn't make sense to test code that you know is incomplete and not ready for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But rather than blaming your QA folks... I suggest that you take a closer look at your software development process.  It sounds like there is a failure of communication between developers and QA, and a mismatch of expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, it sounds like you are committing your incomplete code to your shared code repository.  Instead, it is better practice to use &lt;em&gt;branches&lt;/em&gt;.  You should be doing your development on feature branches.  For instance, here is one sample workflow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have a &lt;em&gt;master&lt;/em&gt; branch, which holds the latest version of the code.  You only merge code into this branch when it is ready to go.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For development of a new feature, you create a private &lt;em&gt;feature branch&lt;/em&gt;, which you use as your write your code-in-progress for the feature.  Once the code is done, you can merge it to the master branch.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes it easier to integrate testing and SQA into your workflow.  For instance, once you think a feature branch is ready to go, you merge it into the master branch; the QA team focuses only on testing and evaluating the master branch, so they never waste time testing in-progress code that you know isn't ready to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, once you believe the code in a feature branch is ready to go, you can send it to the QA team for them to test.  When it passes QA, it can be merged into master at that point.  There are many alternatives and variations, but the point is that private branches enables better communication: it helps establish shared expectations about what code should be evaluated and what code is pointless to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And ultimately, that's what it is all about: communication and aligning everyone's expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more on this kind of workflow, see also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/q/107884/34181&quot;&gt;To branch or not to branch?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/q/289413/34181&quot;&gt;My coworker commits and pushes without testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/q/117945/34181&quot;&gt;Dev vs Stage environment vs Prod Environment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2377" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2016-01-29T22:55:14.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16706" CreationDate="2016-01-30T02:27:13.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's fair for QA to enter a bug with what they think the impact/severity of it is.  This can easily be updated and over-ridden by someone else downstream (e.g. the person triaging issues, project manager, whatever), but a good tester should have some idea if an issue is a show stopper, if it's going to be a big issue for end users, maybe it's just annoying, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T02:27:13.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16706" CreationDate="2016-01-30T03:07:00.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &quot;Joern Boegeholz&quot; said; It Depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually I prefer to ask my clients (dev team, management, analysts, designers, the client) how much details they want in the bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many a times people don't really read a whole lot and hence they ask for fewer details, yet if the testers can do Impact Analysis of the Bug and report it in the Bug Report, that's a good help for the developers. It would save some effort on regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day it depends on the then situation and requirement!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T03:07:00.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16701" CreationDate="2016-01-30T03:20:25.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a load testing of a mobile app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short answer:&lt;/strong&gt; Yes there is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long answer:&lt;/strong&gt; Well you can test the performance of your app on the device. You can test, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much memory it occupies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much battery does it utilize?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happens if you have several other apps open and then open your app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it hang up the phone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much time does it take to process a request?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does it work on low speed networks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well then you come to the server side. Here you can use tools like Jmeter. For this you will have to get the HTTP(s) requests your app makes and then you can generate a load for the same request. BUT That is for your server. If the server fails to handle the load, your app will receive ERROR 500 from the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So can we say load testing of a mobile app is Load testing of Web&#xA;  API...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer:&lt;/strong&gt; If your app makes HTTP requests to a remote server interacts with it using some sort of web service then yes you can say that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If not which tools can we use to test load on an Mobile App?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer:&lt;/strong&gt; Like I said above you can use tools like Jmeter to do load testing for your http(s) requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-29T10:10:09.687" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T10:10:09.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11651" CreationDate="2016-01-30T11:07:31.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather than using the internal proxy recorder of JMeter I's suggest you use Blazemeter's Chrome Extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blazemeter is a Google Chrome Extension. You will have to do the following,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install the extension in Chrome.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sign up a free account on Blazemeter's site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login into your account from the Extension.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start the recorder in the extension.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser your website for which you want to record test script (JMX).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you're done, stop the recorder.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download the JMX file from the extension.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In JMeter open the test plan (JMX) file you downloaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All Listeners and Threads. Edit the test plan if you want.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the test and analyze the results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T03:29:35.443" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T03:29:35.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16748" CreationDate="2016-01-30T12:07:18.413" Score="2" ViewCount="2951" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &amp;lt;a href=&quot;https://www.xyz.com/Vertical-Striped-short-Slve-pant-with-Chest-Pocket-dsdjj.html&quot;&amp;gt;Vertical-Striped-short-Slve-pant-with-Chest-Pocket-dsdjj&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Select Size:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;S&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to fetch the text of anchor tag, but I am getting the text with br tag also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; method of selenium API to fetch the text&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to do solve&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : &#xA;I am expecting to get &quot;Vertical-Striped-short-Slve-pant-with-Chest-Pocket-dsdjj&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting text : &quot;Vertical-Striped-short-Slve-pant-with-Chest-Pocket-dsdjj&#xA;    Select Size:S&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-30T13:18:07.793" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:48:08.333" Title="fetching the text from anchor tag" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16735" CreationDate="2016-01-30T12:30:26.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everything enclosed within the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags is considered as part of the link text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you use the &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; method of Selenium, you will get the whole text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a part of the text, you should try to shed the unwanted text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get the text and store it in a String variable. Trim the unwanted text from that string and you will have the remaining text as you desire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This link: &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/java_string_trim.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/java_string_trim.htm&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot; might help you with the trimming of string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2021-02-26T07:48:08.333" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:48:08.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16704" CreationDate="2016-01-30T12:54:28.113" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know whether a certification is necessary for automation testing, but you definitely require good coding skills and logic development skills for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its advantageous to learn Java as its open source and hence there are countless forums and communities to seek kelp. Plus many of the automation testing tools (specially open source testing tools) use Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several other languages that are very good for testing for example, PERL or Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should learn to write good logical code. A good experience as a developer is an added advantage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16411" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T12:54:28.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16704" CreationDate="2016-01-30T13:10:33.847" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question and the description that you have written for it are misleading. I'm assuming you want to know which certifications will help you get a start for your career in Software Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well for that I don't think you need to go for any certifications. Read good blogs and article on testing. There are thousands of them available on the internet. Practice testing. Solve puzzles. Challenge your self with tricky technical situations and try to find your way out of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For learning coding skills, well that you require if you go for automation testing specially for SDET role. I'd say an open source language like Java would be a good option for that!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16412" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T13:10:33.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16704" CreationDate="2016-01-30T13:19:29.033" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certifications don't teach testing. Still if you want to go for one, well, there are several available out there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, they don't teach you how to test, they mostly teach only a certain terminologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, learning a programming language is an added  advantage for a tester, especially for someone who is looking to make a career in automation testing or interested in white-box testing. Java is the widely used programming language for software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16413" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T13:19:29.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-30T14:23:09.100" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The fact that multiple testers test the same thing without even talking to each other shows very clearly that the process is broken. You shouldn't have 2 developers develop the same feature independently and you shouldn't have 2 testers test the same feature independently . It sounds obvious, but if 2 people work on the same thing, they need to know about each other's work and work together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You cannot test work in progress if you lack strong communication channels between tester and developer.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's contrast this with a working setup I used a while ago:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tester is part of the daily meetings where everyone takes a minute (and not a second more) to let everyone else know what they're working on, and what has been completed since the last meeting. The tester is part of the meeting and lets the team know if they have time available to test some unfinished things, because testing finished features takes priority. Similarly, the team lets the tester know early if some finished features are likely to be touched again by refactoring, and therefore will need to be re-tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a developer has some half finished work which can already be partially tested, and the tester has time to test, they both mention it in the meeting, and then sit together after the meeting to figure out the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantages of testing partially complete features are twofold: First is that the developer still has everything in his head and therefore can fix the issue spending less time than he would if the defect were raised later. Second is that by detecting and fixing the bugs sooner, your product will be finished sooner, i.e. the build-test-fix-retest-release pipeline becomes shorter. The disadvantage is that the tester needs to test more often. You sacrifice tester time to speed up time to market.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="8689" LastEditDate="2016-01-31T03:24:35.827" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T03:24:35.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-01-30T15:34:07.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, A developer would be able to advise how to do further testing. The important thing is that it is before you write the report. Not instead. The developer is not responsible for deciding if a bug has been removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16416" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T15:34:07.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16673" CreationDate="2016-01-30T18:11:54.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main principles to guide you here are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each test should be independent.  It should perform its own setup and teardown and after running leave the system in the same (initial) state.  This will help avoid issues such as &lt;em&gt;&quot;But if I run one test script at a time, I get the result I want&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  The only exception to this is system-wide seed data needed for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each test should test one thing.  Tests can share setup/teardown but should break out specific values that need to be tested into individual tests.  When tests break it should be due to one specific thing making diagnosis and change relatively easy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seed data needed for the entire test run should be clearly identified and created.  It should be read-only reference data that is not the same as the transaction data used for the individual tests.  Example:  zip code data for the US.  Even in these cases seed data can often be minimized or sampled to keep it small and tests fast.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In some cases the same code that is tested in one place will be used as the setup (and teardown) for a different test.  This is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-01-30T18:11:54.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-01-31T03:07:52.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it normal? Yes and no. I would say that first and foremost if you are in an AGILE environment, the product owner or someone else should be scrubbing duplicate defect reports before committing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, testing tasks should be presenting to QA once a feature is working, not typically before. That just wastes precious QA time and makes the backlog messy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, though, I would avoid checking in incomplete code unless you need to because someone else needs to make changes. Even then, it's difficult for multiple people to be working on the same code. If another engineer doesn't need to alter the same code you're working on, don't check it in until it's complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13244" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T03:07:52.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16745" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16964" CreationDate="2016-01-31T05:29:19.457" Score="3" ViewCount="13414" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to detect the screen size for different android phones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want the coordinate values like &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;startx&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;starty&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;endx&lt;/code&gt;, endy&lt;/em&gt;.&#xA;With that I can use the swipe method which takes these coordinates as parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Dimension size = driver.manage().window().getSize();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16423" LastEditorUserId="18750" LastEditDate="2017-01-16T12:31:02.757" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:41:11.743" Title="How can I get the android window size using Java as programming language for android automation testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:20:46.200" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16735" CreationDate="2016-01-31T05:51:39.710" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you should use Java String Substring and not string trim,trim removes only trailing and leading spaces&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16117" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T05:51:39.710" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16698" CreationDate="2016-01-31T06:03:14.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the text Logout is what exactly we are looking for then no need to write text contains. You use below xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; (By.xpath(&quot;//div[.='Logout']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16117" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-01-31T16:06:23.667" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T16:06:23.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16735" CreationDate="2016-01-31T10:14:36.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; method returns all the text within a HTML element. In this case all the text between the start &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and the end &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. This includes other tags and their contents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to split the string on white spaces and use the first word found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String value = getText();&#xA;String[] words = value.split(&quot;\\s+&quot;);&#xA;String result = words[0];&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now result should contain the expected string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7899525/how-to-split-a-string-by-space&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7899525/how-to-split-a-string-by-space&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T10:14:36.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16752" CreationDate="2016-01-31T14:52:58.093" Score="16" ViewCount="14119" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my previous project, I was working as a black-box/manual tester. My major responsibilities were performing function testing, executing regression suites, running smoke tests etc. I was testing a core banking application. There were other automation guys on the team, but I was the only manual QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A new payment feature was introduced and I tested a lot of complex scenarios and found quite a few critical bugs that were eventually fixed. The build was released on the production server and there was a crash in a module that I tested. I missed the bug! I was asked to explain and justify everything and was rebuked by my manager and the incident was escalated to higher management as the bug caused a lot of problems to the end users. Luckily my job was still there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should a tester deal these kind of situations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorDisplayName="user15122" LastEditDate="2019-03-25T19:41:24.370" LastActivityDate="2019-03-27T05:42:32.917" Title="How should a tester deal with a bug found in production?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16749" CreationDate="2016-01-31T18:35:31.320" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First and foremost, analyse how the bug got past you. Find a way of preventing this, and things like it from happening ever again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second and maybe even more important, talk. Talk with everyone involved with getting new functionality out. As soon as requirements materialize, get your test approach on paper and scrutinize it &lt;em&gt;AS A TEAM&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;That a harmful bug got past you is bad. But you did not put it there. Getting good stuff out to the customer is the job of all of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So ask yourself, was it, in the end, justified that you got singled out to take the blame? Did you make a mistake? Or are you in a situation where it is just a bunch of people doing things? If so, maybe better to switch companies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps, and better luck next time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T18:35:31.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16749" CreationDate="2016-01-31T18:49:44.063" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;There will always be bugs that get past a tester and land in production. I have even had bugs that where in my face, we researched it, thought it was a fluke, because we couldn't reproduce it and then released the issue into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best thing you can do is learn from it and prevent the same in the future. I write an automated test-case for each defect found in production, since these are the brittle parts of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second I would plan a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_cause_analysis&quot;&gt;root cause analyses&lt;/a&gt; session and use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Whys&quot;&gt;5 whys&lt;/a&gt; technique to find the cause. Now find a solution to improve here and make it future proof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;found quite a few critical bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing a part of an application or new functionality and you find &lt;strong&gt;quite&lt;/strong&gt; a few critical defects, then maybe wonder if you need help in testing this mess. Finding more than a few simple issues means in my book that the code is spaghetti or the developers might be sloppy. You need to signal it and take action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T07:13:21.173" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T07:13:21.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16770" CreationDate="2016-01-31T19:40:36.770" Score="3" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have questions about clean code. I'm writing a test in Java selenium page factory. I'm a beginner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two &quot;actions&quot;, input text into search field and click button search. Now the question is, how should I do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In page object class make 2 separate methods:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1st: input text to search, and&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2nd: click button.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In main class (test class) make one method which runs these two methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In main class (test class) make two separate methods which run each of this two methods (input text and click button).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In page object class make only one method where I input text into search and click search button. And later run this one method in the test class.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which solution is right and/or the best?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16429" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T12:31:11.710" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T13:51:21.447" Title="Actions to search item and number of methods" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9320" CreationDate="2016-01-31T22:18:02.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding privacy protection in error logs/reports, you may find the following research papers to be interesting, as they present the state-of-the-art of error report obfuscation and minimization:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2008: &lt;a href=&quot;http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/betterbug/castro08better.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/betterbug/castro08better.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2011: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cercs.gatech.edu/tech-reports/tr2009/git-cercs-09-14.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.cercs.gatech.edu/tech-reports/tr2009/git-cercs-09-14.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2014: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~jmatos/papers/jmatos_esop2014.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~jmatos/papers/jmatos_esop2014.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2015: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~jmatos/papers/jmatos-issre2015.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~jmatos/papers/jmatos-issre2015.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2016: &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0002&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0002&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These systems are based on the idea of obfuscating sensitive information while ensuring the reproduction of the faulty execution.&#xA;This is done by replace the information in the error report by alternative information that results in the same observed failure: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The systems at links [2008,2011] re-execute the application, using symbolic execution, through the original execution of the user that induced the failure; then path condition analysis is used to determine which are the inputs that satisfy such path and replace the user's by an alternative one.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The systems [2014,2015] also resort to symbolic execution, however they re-execute the application while searching for an alternative execution path that also leads to the observed failure. Then an alternative input is computed, also using path condition analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, the last link refers to a different type of approach that targets GUI-based inputs. In short, it consists of minimizing the disclosure of information by removing from the error report all entries that are not required to reproduce the problem. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you find them useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16427" LastEditorUserId="16427" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T15:05:52.020" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T15:05:52.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15887" CreationDate="2016-01-31T22:26:27.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding bug-reports: In my opinion, the best possible bug report (assuming that the person that sends the error report does not know the causes of the observed failure) is a bug report with reproducibility information, so that the developers are capable of reproducing the problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In several bug tracking sites, for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.mysql.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MySQL&lt;/a&gt;, we find literally thousands of bug reports labeled as &quot;can't reproduce&quot; or &quot;can't repeat&quot;. Either because the user does not know how a bug should be reported or because the user does not know how to reproduce the error, the issue is the same: reports are sent with little or no historical information on how the error was reached (e.g. a report containing solely the stack trace and/or a memory snapshot and/or a textual description of the event that is both superficial and cumbersome). Sometimes little information is sufficient, but many times it is not, especially in errors that are induced by very specific conditions that take the execution through a very specific path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, in short (and in my opinion), a good bug report is one that has sufficient information for the developers to reproduce the observed problem. This is often hard to provide, especially if no logging was performed during the failing execution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There has been a lot of research in this area in the past decades, but unfortunately there is no solution that solves all problems. In my case, I believe that record&amp;amp;replay systems (a.k.a. fault-replication systems) is more promising, as they automatically log &lt;a href=&quot;http://iacoma.cs.uiuc.edu/iacoma-papers/replay_itj.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sources of non-determinism&lt;/a&gt; during the user's execution and if/when a failure occurs they create bug-reports capable of deterministic replay. Still, they have problems regarding performance overhead, log size and privacy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding what makes a good bug report, you may find the following research papers to be interesting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;What makes a good bug report?&quot;, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, T. Zimmermann, R. Premraj, N. Bettenburg, J. Sascha, A. Schroter, and C. Weiss]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presents: i) a survey on how bug reports are used among 2,226 developers and reporters, out of which 466 responded; ii) empirical evidence for a mismatch between what developers expect and what reporters provide; iii) the CUEZILLA tool that measures the quality of bug reports and suggests how reporters could enhance their reports, so that their problems get fixed sooner. Publicly available at:&#xA;   &lt;a href=&quot;http://thomas-zimmermann.com/publications/files/bettenburg-fse-2008.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://thomas-zimmermann.com/publications/files/bettenburg-fse-2008.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;Debugging in the (very) large: ten years of implementation and experience&quot;, in Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles, K. Glerum, K. Kinshumann, S. Greenberg, G. Aul, V. Orgovan, G. Nichols, D. Grant, G. Loihle, and G. Hunt]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a paper from Microsoft regarding ten years of bug report analysis of the Windows Error Reporting System. You can find it publicly available at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/81176/sosp153-glerum-web.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/81176/sosp153-glerum-web.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;Information needs in bug reports: improving cooperation between developers&#xA;and users&quot;, in Proceedings of the 2010 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, S. Breu, R. Premraj, J. Sillito, and T. Zimmermann] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A paper that analyses the questions asked in a sample of 600 bug reports from the Mozilla and Eclipse projects and also provides some suggestions to improve bug trackers. Link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.ucalgary.ca/~sillito/work/cscw2010.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://people.ucalgary.ca/~sillito/work/cscw2010.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;Who tested my software? testing as an organizationally cross-cutting activity&quot;, 2011 Software Quality Journal , M. Mantyl a, J. Iivonen, and J. Itkonen] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examines testing activities in different industrial case companies, conducted not only by the specialized testers but also by multiple stakeholders. Link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lib.tkk.fi/Diss/2011/isbn9789526043395/article6.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lib.tkk.fi/Diss/2011/isbn9789526043395/article6.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;Survey Reproduction of Defect Reporting in Industrial Software Development&quot;, 2011 International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement, Eero I. Laukkanen, Mika V. Mantyla] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presents a survey of six industrial software development organizations about the defect report information (Seventy-four developers out of 142 completed the survey), from three viewpoints: concerning quality, usefulness and automation possibilities of the information. Link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://courses.cs.ut.ee/MTAT.03.159/2015_spring/uploads/Main/SWT_bugrep2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://courses.cs.ut.ee/MTAT.03.159/2015_spring/uploads/Main/SWT_bugrep2.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16427" LastEditorUserId="16427" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T18:09:48.657" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T18:09:48.657" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11756" CreationDate="2016-01-31T23:01:47.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a first step, I would recommend doing an analysis of the source code to determine which are the sources of non-determinism of the application (i.e. anything that has the potential to make the application execute differently). Generally there are two types (with a lot of subtypes each): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-input; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-memory interleaving  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can find more details about sources of non-determinism &lt;a href=&quot;http://iacoma.cs.uiuc.edu/iacoma-papers/replay_itj.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Boring-but-'doable' possibility: If your application only has only sources of the first type (input), it may not be so hard to achieve deterministic replay: log all types of input, using something like aspect-oriented programming, program instrumentation, or other logging tools. Once the error is induced, you can use the log to reproduce the bug deterministically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Very) Hard-to-address possibility: If memory interleaving has direct influence in the problem (e.g. multiple threads accessing the same resource, with poor or no synchronization), logging is not your friend. This is because logging the non-determinism of thread accesses causes severe performance degradation (you may end up having to reboot your system) and very large logs (too large). In this type of situation, I suggest you spend some time looking at the implementation of thread synchronization in the application. Otherwise, you may also take a look at the most recent research developments in this area &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~nmachado/software/Symbiosis_Tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; (to the extent of my knowledge this is the most recent), they provide C++ and Java implementations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16427" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T23:01:47.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2016-01-31T23:10:06.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This worked for me in &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;webdriver.io&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var webdriverio = require('webdriverjs-angular');&#xA;var options = {&#xA;    desiredCapabilities: {&#xA;        browserName: 'firefox'&#xA;    },&#xA;    ngRoot: 'html' // main application selector&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;var wd = webdriverio.remote(options).init();&#xA;&#xA;var wd2 = webdriverio.remote(options);&#xA;wd2.requestHandler.sessionID=wd.requestHandler.sessionID;&#xA;wd2.url('http://www.seamless.com');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16434" LastEditorUserId="16434" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T03:34:47.080" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T03:34:47.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="769" CreationDate="2016-01-31T23:13:55.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the failure is induced by large inputs, you may want to take a look at delta-debugging: &lt;a href=&quot;http://pag-www.gtisc.gatech.edu/courses/common/zeller-tse02.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pag-www.gtisc.gatech.edu/courses/common/zeller-tse02.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, it takes a failure-inducing input and it tests its subsets, with the goal of finding a (substantially smaller) one that still induces the failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16427" LastActivityDate="2016-01-31T23:13:55.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16760" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-01T07:28:26.913" Score="0" ViewCount="3587" Body="&lt;p&gt;In selenium webdriver, I am trying to click on a field in new window, but I keep getting error as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &quot;Timed out after 20 seconds waiting for presence of element located by: By.xpath: .//*[@id='UpdatePanel1']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[1]/td Build info: version: '2.48.2', revision: '41bccdd', time: '2015-10-09 19:55&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the piece of code I have written. Kindly help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class AE_Shipment {&#xA;&#xA;public void AE_Shipment1() throws InterruptedException &#xA;{&#xA;    MyClass1 M1= new MyClass1();&#xA;    WebDriver w1 = M1.w;&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MainMenu-mI001']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MainMenu-mI001-sM-mI001']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MainMenu-mI001-sM-mI001-sM-mI000']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MainMenu-mI001-sM-mI001-sM-mI000-sM-mI000']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(w1, 20);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='UpdatePanel1']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[1]/td&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.id(&quot;ButSearch&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: I have tried switching to the new window using the code below but I get the same error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String parentHandle = w1.getWindowHandle(); // get the current window handle &#xA;w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ButSearch']&quot;)).click(); &#xA;for (String winHandle : w1.getWindowHandles()) &#xA;{ &#xA;    w1.switchTo().window(winHandle); // switch focus of WebDriver to the next found window handle (that's your newly opened window) &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16440" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T12:46:37.627" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T02:41:15.563" Title="Click on field in new window" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9320" CreationDate="2016-02-01T08:45:40.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do you care about what we are doing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for example I work for the NSA I would need 5 different authorizations to publish even a single line (or not, I don't work for them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand if your employer is working with open source software then there is nothing wrong with publishing it, one of my previous employers explicitly allowed this as part of their internal opensource training.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also don't understand why do you need an obfuscator- you are not going to publish hundreds or even ten's of line, why not do it manually ? it will be quicker then installing and configuring an external software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T08:45:40.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-02-01T10:07:16.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You wish to check your code in to keep it save.   The testers test everything they can see, maybe because it is not clear what is not finished, or maybe just for another reason.  There are a few actions &lt;strong&gt;you can take&lt;/strong&gt; to stop this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You could use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/feature-branch&quot;&gt;Feature branches&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You only merge the code into “main” when it is finished&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other developers can see what you are working on if they wish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But you have to merge in the code when done, this can take a long time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And other developers are not working with the same code as you until you do the merge.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You could use &lt;strong&gt;Feature Toggles&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have a toggle, maybe runtime or compile time this enables the new feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the toggle is not set, the new feature is not show up in any  menu etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is a runtime toggle, then testers and managers can turn on the feature if they wish to look at it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But as the feature is off by default, testers are unlikely to raise bugs against it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If when you come to ship the feature is not working well, it can be turned off for that shipment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is not hard to licence the feature on a per customer bases if you wish&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But you  have to put in support for enabling menus based on the feature flats etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once development is finished and tested, you can decide if you wish to leave the toggle in the source code or remove it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the question “&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19434222/feature-toggles-vs-feature-branches&quot;&gt;Feature Toggles vs Feature Branches&lt;/a&gt;” and &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Martin Fowler’s&lt;/a&gt; blog post on &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/FeatureToggle.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FeatureToggle&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16445" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T10:07:16.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16719" CreationDate="2016-02-01T10:11:36.643" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All ISO 9001 require is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do&lt;/strong&gt; as you &lt;strong&gt;say&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Say&lt;/strong&gt; as you &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore you get ISO 9001 if your quality systems documentations says.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;None of our software will do anything useful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence ISO 9001 is meaningless without other standards being in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16445" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T10:11:36.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16766" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16769" CreationDate="2016-02-01T11:49:32.553" Score="0" ViewCount="317" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To run SmartBear's TestComplete requires a physical server to be set up with a license manager: &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/72302/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/72302/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most companies these days (ours included) are moving away from physical machines; opting instead for self-hosted VM environments, or for Cloud solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such it seems surprising / short-sighted that a company would block you from using VMs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is anyone aware of a legitimate option for hosting SmartBear's TestComplete License Manager on a Virtual Server, or a workaround to allow TestComplete to be used with a valid floating user license without using a physical machine to host the license manager?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12088" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T13:00:33.263" Title="TestComplete License Manager on a Virtual Server" Tags="&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2016-02-01T12:04:39.147" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;click on element first then do sendkeys, and if &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt; is not working you can click on the element through taking coordinates of the element on the page or click on it using robot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16448" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T13:13:07.130" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T13:13:07.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14318" CreationDate="2016-02-01T12:14:46.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just replace the &lt;code&gt;findElement ()&lt;/code&gt; method with &lt;code&gt;findElement**s**(plural)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; method always returns a &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; instead of a List of WebElements. The &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; method will return the list of webelements, which can be referred by a variable of type &lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;Webelement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the line of code will looks like,..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; a=driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;android.widget.EditText&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15962" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T12:21:07.197" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T12:21:07.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16766" CreationDate="2016-02-01T13:00:33.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason for this limitation is that SmartBear locks their node-locked licenses to the MAC address of the host computer (&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/75290/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/75290/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The license activated on a virtual computer will be bound to the&#xA;  virtual computer’s MAC address and to the host computer (the computer&#xA;  on which the virtual computer is currently running). If the virtual&#xA;  computer’s MAC address changes or you move the virtual computer to&#xA;  another host computer, your license will be blocked and you will not&#xA;  be able to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is common with big box licensed software (and is a whole lot LESS restrictive than some of the other major test automation solutions). If you are unable to work with a physical machine as the license manager server, you will need to follow the advice in the linked article (which may or may not work: License Manager may not install on a virtual system even when configured as described).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The minimum requirements of a possible workaround would seem to be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the MAC address of the VM will not change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can install the license manager on the VM, once it's installed snapshot the VM and ensure that it will never be reverted to a snapshot without License Manager.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the virtual machine will never be run on a different host.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can do this, you &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; be able to use a virtual machine as your License Manager host.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T13:00:33.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16753" CreationDate="2016-02-01T13:07:26.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understood the question, it is required to define the reusable methods and use those methods in different test cases based on the requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I am writing the code for two individual methods to work with,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void inputKeys(WebElement we,String ip){&#xA;    we.sendKeys(ip);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code just type the string value referred by ip variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next method to click on a button is below,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void clickOn(WebElement we){&#xA;    we.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now lets write the main program...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Sample{&#xA;&#xA;public WebDriver driver;&#xA;public WebElement tf,but;&#xA;&#xA;//Here you have to include the above two helper methods.&#xA;public void inputKeys(WebElement we,String ip){&#xA;    we.sendKeys(ip);&#xA;}&#xA;public void clickOn(WebElement we){&#xA;    we.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeClass&#xA;public void befC(){&#xA;    driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;url of web page&quot;);&#xA;    tf=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Name of the TextField&quot;));&#xA;    but=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;The xpath of button element&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void test1(){&#xA;    inputKeys(tf,&quot;Hello&quot;);&#xA;    clickOn(but);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The helper methods we created can be used in any test case method we write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15962" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T13:07:26.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-01T13:23:17.477" Score="0" ViewCount="3143" Body="&lt;p&gt;While running the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package prac.sample;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class SelTestDemo {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver test1 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    test1.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    test1.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    WebElement email = test1.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;));&#xA;    email.sendKeys(&quot;srinivaspavan@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement next = test1.findElement(By.id(&quot;next&quot;));&#xA;    next.click();&#xA;    WebElement password = test1.findElement(By.ById.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;));&#xA;    password.click();&#xA;    password.sendKeys(&quot;tftctctc141414&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement signin = test1.findElement(By.id(&quot;signIn&quot;));&#xA;    signin.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException:    &#xA;Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Passwd&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 19 milliseconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: &#xA;http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.48.2', revision: '41bccdd', time: '2015-10-09  19:55:52'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10783" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-03T12:19:04.913" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T21:20:35.340" Title="Error seen while automating the Gmail page. Pls help!" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16772" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-01T13:38:25.580" Score="11" ViewCount="13683" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am working on running Selenium scripts in Jenkins. Here, my issue is my browser window size which is 1382x754 px resolution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in Jenkins browser resolution was 1044x784. Due to this my script was unable to find the elements using x-path in Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried by setting the window size while initializing the driver, then window size is increased to 1048x788 px and then it is not increasing any more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions for any work around for this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Environment : Windows 7 , Jenkins version(1.596), browser: Chrome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T07:00:35.103" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T09:56:53.753" Title="Failing the script in Jenkins due to difference in screen size" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16773" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-01T13:41:33.177" Score="2" ViewCount="6278" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for solution in page factory to wait. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to use something like Implicit wait, but something like Explicit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read about AjaxElementLocatorFactory, but I'm not sure that it works like Implicit or Explicit. So can anyone help me in knowing how it works and how to use it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16450" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-01T14:15:17.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T20:27:46.947" Title="AjaxElementLocatorFactory = Implicit or Explicit" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16771" CreationDate="2016-02-01T14:32:26.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This happened because Selenium script was not able to find the element in the time duration mentioned. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happens when your page is not loaded inside the time frame that Selenium has set for locating elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best approach to handle this is to use the &lt;code&gt;waits( )&lt;/code&gt;. You can use either implicit or explicit wait- the latter is preferable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;eg- If you use implicit wait, then it will wait for the duration for each element. You can do something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  driver.manage().timeouts().implicitylyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other wise, you can use the explicit wait condition and then wait for desired element to be present or load and then carry on with your test. Something on the lines of-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait1 = new WebDriverWait();&#xA;&#xA;Webelement ele = wait1.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(locator));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;elementToBeClickable()&lt;/code&gt; can be any one of the different conditions allowed by the expected conditions class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read this for a better understanding- &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/implicit-explicit-n-fluent-wait/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T14:32:26.153" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16776" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16782" CreationDate="2016-02-01T14:58:48.510" Score="1" ViewCount="1158" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;foreach(IWebElement close in el.FindElements(By.ClassName(&quot;search-choice-close&quot;)))&#xA;{&#xA;    close.Click();&#xA;    TestHelper.WaitForAjaxCompletion(d);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The elements listed in &lt;code&gt;FindElements&lt;/code&gt; are all list items in a &quot;multiselect&quot; (a &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; that's hidden behind a fancy &lt;code&gt;ul/li&lt;/code&gt; javascript widget.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the loop enters the second time, I get a &lt;code&gt;StaleElementException&lt;/code&gt;, because clicking the first element updates the DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a clean way to loop nicely over these elements that, I assume, must be 'found' after each DOM update?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:30:31.610" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:30:43.437" Title="Selenium: clean way to iterate of list of WebElements who become stale during the iteration" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16749" CreationDate="2016-02-01T15:24:32.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you was under the threat to &lt;strong&gt;lose your job as a result of letting a single bug to slip to PROD,&lt;/strong&gt; you should consider looking for a job in saner company. It is just a matter of time when another bug will slip to PROD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is a team sport. Bugs will &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; slip, and pointing fingers and assigning blame does NOT improve quality. Firing you for a bug is NOT reasonable. It could be reasonable if you &lt;strong&gt;repeatedly&lt;/strong&gt; let slip &lt;strong&gt;similar&lt;/strong&gt; bugs. For few bugs, no pay increase is reasonable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dealing with a bug which slipped to PROD is not only responsibility of the tester who tested the module. Even more responsible is the developer who wrote the code. &lt;strong&gt;Both Dev and QA teams should analyze it, find a way to prevent it.&lt;/strong&gt; Automated smoke tests? Developers suggesting which modules should be retested after changes? Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot test-out quality. Quality has to be designed and developed in. Testing can only show presence of the bugs, not it absence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T15:24:32.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9211" CreationDate="2016-02-01T15:56:30.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is possible using the cookies concept of selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer the below code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class SessionRestoring {&#xA;public WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;        driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        //I took gmail.com to show session management&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://gmail.com/&quot;);&#xA;        //First login to gmail using the firefox driver&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;email id here&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;mail password here&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;        //After login store all cookies into Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; type reference variable&#xA;        Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; allCookies=driver.manage().getCookies();&#xA;        //Quit the driver&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        //setProperty to the system to open Chrome Driver&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Users\\kbmst\\Desktop\\temp\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        //Get the same webpage in the new driver i.e, ChromeDriver&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com/&quot;);&#xA;        //Add all the cookies which you saved previously.&#xA;        for(Cookie c:allCookies){&#xA;            driver.manage().addCookie(c);&#xA;        }&#xA;        //Just Refresh the browser using navigate().refresh() method.&#xA;        driver.navigate().refresh();&#xA;        //You are done with restoring the session.&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15962" LastActivityDate="2016-02-01T15:56:30.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2016-02-01T20:15:55.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think my &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/16755/16427&quot;&gt;previous answer&lt;/a&gt; also applies here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the best possible bug report (assuming that the person that sends the error report does not know the causes of the observed failure) is a bug report with reproducibility information, so that the developers are capable of reproducing the problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In several bug tracking sites, for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.mysql.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MySQL&lt;/a&gt;, we find literally thousands of bug reports labelled as &quot;can't reproduce&quot; or &quot;can't repeat&quot;. Either because the user does not know how a bug should be reported or because the user does not know how to reproduce the error, the issue is the same: reports are sent with little or no historical information on how the error was reached (e.g. a report containing solely the stack trace and/or a memory snapshot and/or a textual description of the event that is both superficial and cumbersome). Sometimes little information is sufficient, but many times it is not, especially in errors that are induced by very specific conditions that take the execution through a very specific path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, in short (and in my opinion), a good bug report is one that has sufficient information for the developers to reproduce the observed problem. This is often hard to provide, especially if no logging was performed during the failing execution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There has been a lot of research in this area in the past decades, but unfortunately, there is no solution that solves all problems. In my case, I believe that record&amp;amp;replay systems (a.k.a. fault-replication systems) are more promising, as they automatically log &lt;a href=&quot;http://iacoma.cs.uiuc.edu/iacoma-papers/replay_itj.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sources of non-determinism&lt;/a&gt; during the user's execution and if/when a failure occurs they create bug-reports capable of deterministic replay. Still, they have problems regarding performance overhead, log size and privacy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding what makes a good bug report, you may find the following research papers to be interesting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;What makes a good bug report?&quot;, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, T. Zimmermann, R. Premraj, N. Bettenburg, J. Sascha, A. Schroter, and C. Weiss]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presents: i) a survey on how bug reports are used among 2,226 developers and reporters, out of which 466 responded; ii) empirical evidence for a mismatch between what developers expect and what reporters provide; iii) the CUEZILLA tool that measures the quality of bug reports and suggests how reporters could enhance their reports so that their problems get fixed sooner. Publicly available at:&#xA;   &lt;a href=&quot;http://thomas-zimmermann.com/publications/files/bettenburg-fse-2008.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://thomas-zimmermann.com/publications/files/bettenburg-fse-2008.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;Debugging in the (very) large: ten years of implementation and experience&quot;, in Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles, K. Glerum, K. Kinshumann, S. Greenberg, G. Aul, V. Orgovan, G. Nichols, D. Grant, G. Loihle, and G. Hunt]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a paper from Microsoft regarding ten years of bug report analysis of the Windows Error Reporting System. You can find it publicly available at:  &lt;a href=&quot;http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/81176/sosp153-glerum-web.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/81176/sosp153-glerum-web.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;Information needs in bug reports: improving cooperation between developers&#xA;and users&quot;, in Proceedings of the 2010 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, S. Breu, R. Premraj, J. Sillito, and T. Zimmermann] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A paper that analyses the questions asked in a sample of 600 bug reports from the Mozilla and Eclipse projects and also provides some suggestions to improve bug trackers. Link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.ucalgary.ca/~sillito/work/cscw2010.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://people.ucalgary.ca/~sillito/work/cscw2010.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;Who tested my software? testing as an organizationally cross-cutting activity&quot;, 2011 Software Quality Journal, M. Mantyl a, J. Iivonen, and J. Itkonen] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examines testing activities in different industrial case companies, conducted not only by the specialized testers but also by multiple stakeholders. Link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://lib.tkk.fi/Diss/2011/isbn9789526043395/article6.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lib.tkk.fi/Diss/2011/isbn9789526043395/article6.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[&quot;Survey Reproduction of Defect Reporting in Industrial Software Development&quot;, 2011 International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement, Eero I. Laukkanen, Mika V. Mantyla] &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presents a survey of six industrial software development organizations about the defect report information (Seventy-four developers out of 142 completed the survey), from three viewpoints: concerning quality, usefulness and automation possibilities of the information. Link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://courses.cs.ut.ee/MTAT.03.159/2015_spring/uploads/Main/SWT_bugrep2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://courses.cs.ut.ee/MTAT.03.159/2015_spring/uploads/Main/SWT_bugrep2.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16427" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:29:22.200" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:29:22.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16760" CreationDate="2016-02-02T01:47:40.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is something wrong with the way you have mentioned your code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've mentioned that your element is in new window-I am assuming the waiting needs to be done once you have switched the window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to place &#xA;the wait condition after your window handling code- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String parentHandle = w1.getWindowHandle(); // get the current window handle &#xA;w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ButSearch']&quot;)).click(); &#xA;for (String winHandle : w1.getWindowHandles()) &#xA;{ &#xA;&#xA; w1.switchTo().window(winHandle); // switch focus of WebDriver to the next found window handle (that's your newly opened window) &#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(w1, 20);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='UpdatePanel1']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[1]/td&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;//do whatever you want to do here&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should do away with the wait condition. And also try increasing the wait time to around 50 seconds to see if you still get the time out exception. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I would want to check the xpath- if the exception still persists. Try using any other locater (like CSS Selector) or a different element to wait for to see if the wait condition is working correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T01:47:40.467" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16760" CreationDate="2016-02-02T04:48:41.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just you are traversing through all the window handles using a for loop.&#xA;First print the parent window handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(w1.getWindowHandle());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take all window handles use &lt;code&gt;toArray()&lt;/code&gt; to convert to &lt;code&gt;Object[] a&lt;/code&gt; array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Object[] a=w1.getWindowHandles().toArray();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then print the window handles of all the windows opened using for loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;a.length;i++)&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(a[i]);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now identify in which order windows are printed. (It will be in such an order, that the latest window opened will be at last index of the array elements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just get the web element at last index of the array &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; to switch to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String latestWindow=(String) a[a.length-1];//Typea casting from Object type to String is required&#xA;w1.switchTo().window(latestWindow);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you can do whatever the things you would like to do on the new window you switched to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15962" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T04:48:41.367" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16776" CreationDate="2016-02-02T06:57:41.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used a helper function to see if at least one element still exists.&#xA;Because I'm finding a new element each loop, &lt;code&gt;StaleElementException&lt;/code&gt; doesn't occur anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;while(isElementVisible(d, (By.ClassName(&quot;search-choice-close&quot;))))&#xA;{&#xA;    d.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;search-choice-close&quot;)).Click();&#xA;    TestHelper.WaitForAjaxCompletion(d);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:30:43.437" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:30:43.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16772" CreationDate="2016-02-02T07:18:37.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had faced a similar issue. Scrolling was enabled on the modal window, so I  scrolled down and then tried to access the element. It worked for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16328" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T07:18:37.370" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16760" CreationDate="2016-02-02T08:46:56.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have to use &lt;code&gt;SwitchTo()&lt;/code&gt; functions, to click an element on new window which opens from your original webDriver instance. Following code might work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class AE_Shipment {&#xA;&#xA;public void AE_Shipment1() throws InterruptedException &#xA;{&#xA;    MyClass1 M1= new MyClass1();&#xA;    WebDriver w1 = M1.w;&#xA;&#xA; // get the current window handle&#xA; String patentWindow = w1.getWindowHandle();&#xA;&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MainMenu-mI001']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MainMenu-mI001-sM-mI001']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MainMenu-mI001-sM-mI001-sM-mI000']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MainMenu-mI001-sM-mI001-sM-mI000-sM-mI000']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA; // switch focus of WebDriver to the next found window handle (that's your newly opened window)&#xA; for (String newWindow : w1.getWindowHandles()) {&#xA;  w1.switchTo().window(newWindow); &#xA; }&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(w1, 20);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='UpdatePanel1']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[1]/td&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA; // click the element on new window&#xA;    w1.findElement(By.id(&quot;ButSearch&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA; // close newly opened window when done with it. (If required)&#xA; w1.close(); &#xA;&#xA; // switch back to the original window&#xA; w1.switchTo().window(patentWindow); &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-10T02:41:15.563" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T02:41:15.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2016-02-02T10:12:12.787" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would include tests for expired passwords.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-03T13:10:21.510" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T13:10:21.510" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16786" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16787" CreationDate="2016-02-02T13:11:49.633" Score="4" ViewCount="132" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am wanting to set up some automated regression tests for some console apps. The apps are JSON transformers, so ideally what I'd like to do is pass the app some input files and compare the result to the spec output files, showing a diff and setting a failing exit code if they differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any suggestions of how I could do this? I've seen some good looking &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sstephenson/bats&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;shell testing frameworks like BATS&lt;/a&gt;, but none have looked like they'd be easy to use with large output comparisons, ie, they would only tell you whether the output is a match, not providing any kind of detail let alone a diff. I'm not very familiar with GNU Diffutils at all, so perhaps I won't need much more than diff itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16414" LastEditorUserId="16414" LastEditDate="2016-02-02T14:14:40.580" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T10:39:19.500" Title="Regression testing console apps" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16786" CreationDate="2016-02-02T13:23:21.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If all you want is pass-or-fail status on a series of scripts by comparing  their output to a known-good output, you can easily setup &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GNU-Make&lt;/a&gt; to run the tests for you. Yes, to write a Makefile is to dabble in dark arts — but this sort of thing is exactly what make &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; and it will handle a ton of scenarios out of the box that most test frameworks would just be duplicating anyway. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Running tests&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your Makefile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Mark the test rule as not producing a matching file as output&#xA;.PHONY: test&#xA;&#xA;# Run a series of tests&#xA;test:&#xA;    ./bin/program1 | diff - ./tests/expected_output1.json&#xA;    ./bin/program2 | diff - ./tests/expected_output2.json&#xA;    ./bin/program3 | diff - ./tests/expected_output3.json&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the expected output is it place, &lt;code&gt;make test&lt;/code&gt; should pass or fail depending on whether the programs are currently giving exactly the output they were expected too or not. (Note that if you use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#One-Shell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.ONESHELL:&lt;/code&gt; option&lt;/a&gt;, also be sure to set the shell to fail on any failed exit code using &lt;code&gt;.SHELLFLAGS = -e&lt;/code&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Optional tests&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If some of your tests are optional and you want to still run them but see the results of the failure without flunking the test run, you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#Errors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;-&lt;/code&gt; prefix&lt;/a&gt;. In the example above to mark &lt;code&gt;program2&lt;/code&gt; as allowed to fail, simply use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;test:&#xA;    ./bin/program1 | diff - ./tests/expected_output1.json&#xA;    -./bin/program2 | diff - ./tests/expected_output2.json&#xA;    ./bin/program3 | diff - ./tests/expected_output3.json&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note this won't work with &lt;code&gt;.ONESHELL:&lt;/code&gt; as in that configuration only the first line of the recipe can be prefixed, but you can add &lt;code&gt;||:&lt;/code&gt; to the end of the line to achieve the same thing with POSIX shell syntax.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optionally at run time you can choose to ignore errors and run all tests instead of aborting on the first failed one by using &lt;code&gt;make -i test&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Generating expected test output&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above assumes you've generated the expected output by hand and saved it in the appropriate place. If the test output updates frequently you could automate that part too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Update test expected output&#xA;update_tests:&#xA;    ./bin/program1 &amp;gt; ./tests/expected_output1.json&#xA;    ./bin/program2 &amp;gt; ./tests/expected_output2.json&#xA;    ./bin/program3 &amp;gt; ./tests/expected_output3.json&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to list this target in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#Phony-Targets&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.PHONY:&lt;/code&gt; set&lt;/a&gt;. Once everything is setup, running &lt;code&gt;make update_tests&lt;/code&gt; will regenerate the expected output, which you will probably want to commit to your repository. If the nature of your tests ever changes, run this target rule again and commit the changes to your repo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better yet, if the tests are really as simple as the example above you could cheat and write both the tests and the expected output updater in one pass:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Swap out the test action depending on a user overridable variable&#xA;UPDATE_EXPECTED := false&#xA;ifeq ($(UPDATE_EXPECTED),false)&#xA;    TEST_ACTION = | diff -&#xA;else&#xA;    TEST_ACTION = &amp;gt;&#xA;endif&#xA;&#xA;test:&#xA;    ./bin/program1 $(TEST_ACTION) ./tests/expected_output1.json&#xA;    ./bin/program2 $(TEST_ACTION) ./tests/expected_output2.json&#xA;    ./bin/program2 $(TEST_ACTION) ./tests/expected_output3.json&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running &lt;code&gt;make test&lt;/code&gt; will test as usual by substituting the action with &quot;pipe to &lt;code&gt;diff&lt;/code&gt; and compare with file&quot;. On the other hand when you want to update the test output you can run &lt;code&gt;make UPDATE_EXPECTED=true test&lt;/code&gt; to make the action be a simple redirect that rewrites the output files instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7059" LastEditorUserId="7059" LastEditDate="2016-02-03T10:39:19.500" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T10:39:19.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16786" CreationDate="2016-02-02T14:03:16.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option would be to use your own test runner.&#xA;I did this recently and now have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;do_test.sh&#xA;do_test_error_messages.sh&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Include these files and then use like this, where &quot;divisors&quot;, &quot;amicables&quot;, etc. are the functions you want to test and then the last parameters are used by the function this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;do_test setup $LINENO True 0&#xA;do_test divisors $LINENO failfast 1 1&#xA;do_test divisors $LINENO description=&quot;t2&quot; 1,2 4&#xA;do_test divisors $LINENO 1 5&#xA;do_test divisors $LINENO 1,2,3 6&#xA;do_test divisors $LINENO 1,3 9&#xA;do_test divisors $LINENO 1 11&#xA;do_test divisors $LINENO 1,3,5 15&#xA;do_test divisors $LINENO 1,2,10,4,5 20&#xA;do_test sum_of_divisors $LINENO 1 1&#xA;do_test sum_of_divisors $LINENO 3 4&#xA;do_test sum_of_divisors $LINENO 6 6&#xA;do_test sum_of_divisors $LINENO 63 64&#xA;do_test amicable $LINENO 1 219&#xA;do_test amicable $LINENO 0 220&#xA;do_test amicable_list $LINENO 1,6,28 50&#xA;do_test amicable_list $LINENO 1,6,28,220 222&#xA;do_test amicable_list $LINENO 1,6,28,220,284,496 500&#xA;do_test amicable_list $LINENO 1,6,28,220,284,496 1000&#xA;do_test amicable_list $LINENO 1,6,28,220,284,496,1184,1210,2620,2924 3000&#xA;do_test sum_of_amicable_list $LINENO 35 50&#xA;do_test sum_of_amicable_list $LINENO 1035 500&#xA;do_test sum_of_amicable_list $LINENO 8973 4000&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full source code at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/durrantm/shell_test_runner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/durrantm/shell_test_runner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T14:03:16.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16789" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16791" CreationDate="2016-02-02T14:30:28.520" Score="1" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been searching the internet for the last two hours and wasn't able to grasp any useful information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd be looking for a program where trainees are able to search for bugs in e.g. a client or GUI. In other words a buggy software where people are able to learn finding errors and bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure it even exists but it would help to differentiate certain people at job interviews which don't fit to be e.g. test engineers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I was able to made myself clear. Thanks in advance for all the useful information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16470" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T00:27:42.170" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T00:27:42.170" Title="Searching for a program to test bug finding" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14594" CreationDate="2016-02-02T14:39:23.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;code&gt;getAttribute(&quot;title&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; to get the tooltip text of a webelement. In this please make sure that the webelement is not inside another iframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found one more thing from the html snapshot you provided. That is the element is having an attribute called &quot;title&quot;, whose value is &quot;&quot; (Empty string). So probably you will get printed the empty string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the above things followed and not solved your problem. Kindly let us know the exception thrown(if any).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15962" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T14:39:23.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16789" CreationDate="2016-02-02T15:40:58.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not think that anyone releases intentionally buggy software (with easy-to-find bugs), with possible exception of first version of any MicroSoft software :-), or some obscure open-source project which no-one uses anymore (and bugs will be the reason).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want a system with known bugs, best way IMHO would be to preserve a old buggy version of your own software, deploy it on a test server, and let your candidates poke around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T15:40:58.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16789" CreationDate="2016-02-02T16:06:04.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my employer, we write our own code fragments to use in test engineer interviews.  It isn't hard to use your bug tracking system and your version control system to identify buggy code fragments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T16:06:04.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16694" CreationDate="2016-02-02T16:19:15.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are 2 possibilities what is going on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some call of selenium functions will time out (click, type, etc.) after some time because the object is not there at all. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;even if you will enable the wait.until, this has its own timeout (could be 30 sec.) in selenium. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 1) is solved by enabling waits before some click or other action should happen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To solve case 2) for extremely slow applications you have to check presence of some object in the cycle and continue afterwards. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to use this solution: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/selenium-wait-until-element-is-present&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/selenium-wait-until-element-is-present&lt;/a&gt; to get you test waiting for your app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T16:19:15.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16694" CreationDate="2016-02-02T17:40:36.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;use implicit wait to handle all kind of sync issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;user this at the time of declaring the web driver object;&#xA;like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;myDynamicElement&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16471" LastActivityDate="2016-02-02T17:40:36.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-02T19:41:04.190" Score="2" ViewCount="896" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Coded UI for creating some test cases for a web application, while doing the same I have encountered an issue. I am not able to select a Radio Button using their Displayed Text, however if I use the ValueAttribute then its working fine. But, since value attribute is not containing a number which may not be of any logical use for a person creating test data, so I need to do same work using the Displayed Text of the Radio button. Below is the HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-sm-6&quot;&amp;gt;                   &#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;formItem formItem-2365   updateDependent&quot; id=&quot;Some ID&quot; data-form-item-id=&quot;2365&quot; data-template=&quot;InlineRadioList&quot; data-defaultvalue=&quot;Junior&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;label title=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;col-lg-2 control-label&quot; for=&quot;TypeListID&quot; data-original-title=&quot;SUFFIX&quot; data-toggle=&quot;tooltip&quot;&amp;gt;SUFFIX&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-lg-10&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;div class=&quot;radiolist-control&quot; data-sets='[&quot;SUFFIXShown&quot;]'&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;label class=&quot;radio-inline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;input name=&quot;TypeListIDName&quot; class=&quot;formviewer-control&quot; id=&quot;TypeListID&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;1966&quot; data-sets=&quot;[0]&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        Junior&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;label class=&quot;radio-inline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;input name=&quot;TypeListIDName&quot; class=&quot;formviewer-control&quot; id=&quot;TypeListID&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;1985&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        Senior&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;label class=&quot;radio-inline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;input name=&quot;TypeListIDName&quot; class=&quot;formviewer-control&quot; id=&quot;TypeListID&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;1935&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        Normal&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;span class=&quot;field-validation-valid help-block col-lg-offset-2&quot; data-valmsg-replace=&quot;true&quot; data-valmsg-for=&quot;TypeListIDName&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One alternate solution is to use HtmlLabel instead of HtmlRadioButton and directly click the label, but can we do it using the HtmlRadioButton class and DisplayText?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2018-12-25T17:01:06.663" Title="Issue with Radio buttons selection in Coded UI" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1469" CreationDate="2016-02-03T08:23:45.700" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What tools did you use, @sam-woods for your deployment verification?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16479" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-03T13:10:29.707" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T13:10:29.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15297" CreationDate="2016-02-03T08:50:01.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once you have added selenium jar to the build path, find it the under Reference libraries in Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Right click on the jar-&gt;Select Properties-&gt;In the &quot;Java Source Attachment&quot; section, select 'Javadoc Location' from the options on the left-&gt;Enter the Url to the java doc &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&lt;/a&gt;&quot;-&gt;Click on Apply-&gt;Click on OK&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T11:44:48.110" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T11:44:48.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-03T09:54:47.537" Score="-1" ViewCount="3738" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to select value from the drop down list then you will get the value from the Array(parameter) data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to do it but I commit error. I also tried to get 'id'from the equivalent value of the list and it worked. I wonder if it's possible to select from string value(from array) VS string value(from drop down)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the sample screenshot of the code and the paramater of an array for the drop down.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/G8CoJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/G8CoJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hi,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sorry for late reply.&#xA;I forget to include the html source. This is what I used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeEval | Concern[storedVars.Myvar] | concern&#xA;&#xA;click | id=ddlConcern &#xA;&#xA;echo | ${concern} &#xA;&#xA;select | name=ddlConcern |id=${concern}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The choices available on the drop down list (page) is actually on the stored array.But I cannot get the value (Drop down list(page) VS stored array )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16481" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T06:38:48.813" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T20:02:10.023" Title="SELENIUM IDE - Selecting DROP DOWN using Array(parameterization)" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16771" CreationDate="2016-02-03T11:01:18.220" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This issue is mainly because script is not giving time to load page. You have to use &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(ms)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have solved your problem and giving solution below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;  &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;  &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;  &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;  &#xA;&#xA;public class SelTestDemo&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver test1 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        test1.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        test1.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        test1.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        WebElement email = test1.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;));&#xA;        email.sendKeys(&quot;srinivaspavan@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        WebElement next = test1.findElement(By.id(&quot;next&quot;));&#xA;        next.click();&#xA;        WebElement password = test1.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;));&#xA;        //password.click(); no need to click here&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000); // or you can use thread.sleep and wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(locator)); both&#xA;        password.sendKeys(&quot;12raopavan#&quot;);&#xA;        WebElement signin = test1.findElement(By.id(&quot;signIn&quot;));&#xA;        signin.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (InterruptedException e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;} &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know this solved your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-02-03T20:44:41.930" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T20:44:41.930" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9748" CreationDate="2016-02-03T14:37:54.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recruiter will have good idea about salary range for this (or any other) position. They talk to hiring managers. Recruiters do care - they are paid &quot;placement fee&quot; worth 1-3-4 months of your salary. :-) so they are highly motivated to negotiate highest salary for you which will get you hired and get them a fee. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hired and stay hired - fee is due some months later, if you stay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T00:25:23.353" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T00:25:23.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16805" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16807" CreationDate="2016-02-03T15:23:31.793" Score="0" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been told that testing &lt;code&gt;java&lt;/code&gt; exceptions' messages is a good thing, but it looks so much like redundancy that I cannot believe it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider following fictional code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class PersonTooYoungException extends RuntimeException {&#xA;&#xA;    private static final String MESSAGE = &quot;%d years old is much too young to register&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public PersonTooYoungException(Integer age) {&#xA;        super(format(MESSAGE, age));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class PersonValidator implements Validator&amp;lt;Person&amp;gt; {&#xA;&#xA;    private static final int MINIMAL_AGE = 18;&#xA;&#xA;    private Clock clock;&#xA;&#xA;    public PersonValidator(Clock clock) {&#xA;        this.clock = clock;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public void validate(Person person) {&#xA;        final int personAge = person.getAge(clock);&#xA;        if (personAge &amp;lt; MINIMAL_AGE) {&#xA;            throw new PersonTooYoungException(personAge);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and single test for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class PersonValidatorTest {&#xA;&#xA;    PersonValidator personValidator;&#xA;&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;        personValidator = new PersonValidator(new FixedClock(2016, JANUARY, 1));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void shouldThrowExceptionForYoungerThan18() throws Exception {&#xA;        // given&#xA;        LocalDate birthDate = LocalDate.of(1998, FEBRUARY, 1);&#xA;        Person person = new Person(birthDate, &quot;Mike&quot;, &quot;Trevin&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        // when&#xA;        Throwable exception = catchThrowable(() -&amp;gt; personValidator.validate(person));&#xA;&#xA;        // then&#xA;        assertThat(exception)&#xA;                .isInstanceOf(PersonTooYoungException.class)&#xA;                .hasMessage(&quot;17 years old is much too young to register&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some issues with this code, but the thing that makes me sick is a redundancy of &lt;code&gt;PersonTooYoungException.MESSAGE&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one could be solved by changing visibility of &lt;code&gt;PersonTooYoungException.MESSAGE&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;public&lt;/code&gt; and then using &lt;code&gt;format(MESSAGE, computedAge)&lt;/code&gt; to compare. I don't like this one since it requires me to expose &lt;code&gt;MESSAGE&lt;/code&gt; just for test visibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another solution is to check if exception message contains current age of person. In this case, it could probably pass, but there are other cases where exception message contains some important data (even more data) and simply calling &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; does not work right since it may catch some other values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if we don't test the message at all, we won't be able to check the code which does some logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question does not concern this particular example and this is not only about exceptions. Is there a standard way of handling/testing such and similar code? What about the cases where exception message contains more data (like some property name or value)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16495" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T16:24:36.307" Title="Is this a good idea to test if text messages are exactly what they are?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9748" CreationDate="2016-02-03T16:04:36.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There isn't really a single answer to this; it differs greatly based on cost of living in your specific area, nearby similar opportunities, industry, and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, one thing I would look at, if you really do want to make a career of testing, and possibly at this company in particular, is what is the career trajectory of testers at this company?  You're absolutely correct, that in some places, testing is seen as an entry level position, and then you move to development.  Is that the case here, or are there testers at the company with authority and seniority?  How are testers rated?  When there are escapes, what happens?  Does the tester get blamed, or is the process as a whole looked at?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T16:04:36.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16805" CreationDate="2016-02-03T16:24:36.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answer to your question depends on what the exception text string is going to be used for.  Is it part of the documented interface for that class?  If some other part of the program is going to use it (say to pass that error message back to the person entering the data), and/or it's part of the documented interface, then you absolutely need to test it.  If all that's documented is that the PersonTooYoung exception will be thrown, then I'd say that first, you shouldn't have to test for anything in particular showing up, and second, any later part of the program depending on the message being there is incorrect, and that part of the program needs tests for a variety of different exception messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond that, I think the answer is going to be &quot;It depends.&quot;  In this case, what's really important to test, if you feel the need to test the text of the exception message, is that it contains the number &quot;17.&quot;  I'd be reluctant to test the entire exception string, because you could have a failure of the test case if someone decides to reword the exception string without updating the test case.  If you really want to be paranoid, create a few test cases for this, and verify the correct age is included each time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other exception messages, you may want to test for the exact text you care about.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T16:24:36.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16801" CreationDate="2016-02-03T17:35:19.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no HTML code you are using and therefore we cannot evaluate what is going wrong here, but suspect this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Read select command documentation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;select(selectLocator, optionLocator)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;selectLocator - an element locator identifying a drop-down menu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;optionLocator - an option locator (a label by default)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;label=labelPattern: matches options based on their labels, i.e. the visible text. (This is the default.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;value=valuePattern: matches options based on their values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;id=id: matches options based on their ids.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;index=index: matches an option based on its index (offset from zero).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If no option locator prefix is provided, &lt;strong&gt;the default behaviour is to&#xA;  match on label&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last sentence is most important. If you test according ID, your comand should look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select | id=dllConcern | id=${concern}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider tweaked example from W3C: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_select&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_select&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;cars&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option id=&quot;v&quot; value=&quot;volvo&quot;&amp;gt;Volvo&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option id=&quot;s&quot; value=&quot;saab&quot;&amp;gt;Saab&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option id=&quot;o&quot; value=&quot;opel&quot;&amp;gt;Opel&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;option id=&quot;a&quot; value=&quot;audi&quot;&amp;gt;Audi&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;selenium test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeEval | new Array(&quot;Volvo&quot;, &quot;Saab&quot;, &quot;Opel&quot;, &quot;Audi&quot;) | Cars&#xA;storeEval | new Array(&quot;v&quot;, &quot;s&quot;, &quot;o&quot;,&quot;a&quot;) | CarIDs&#xA;storeEval | storedVars['Cars'][0]&#xA;storeEval | storedVars['CarIDs'][0]&#xA;select | //select[@id=&quot;cars&quot;] | label=${CarName}&#xA;select | //select[@id=&quot;cars&quot;] | id=${CarID}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All passed and worked. The &lt;code&gt;label=&lt;/code&gt; expression is optional. The &lt;code&gt;0&lt;/code&gt; can be exchanged for random number &lt;code&gt;Math.floor(Math.random()*4)&lt;/code&gt; with possible use of &lt;code&gt;storedVars['Array'].length&lt;/code&gt; or whole test case could be done in cycle with SelBlocks Firefox/Selenium-IDE addon or, if you will decide for Selblocks, consider use of XML data and datadriven tests with forXML command. It is working well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally use following javascript: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;javascript{&#xA;   var Cars=['Volvo', 'Saab', 'Opel', 'Audi'];&#xA;   Cars[Math.floor(Math.random()*Cars.length)]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to select random value for smoke testing in single store command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;store | javascript{var Cars=['Volvo', 'Saab', 'Opel', 'Audi']; Cars[Math.floor(Math.random()*Cars.length)]} | CarID&#xA;select | //select[@id=&quot;cars&quot;] | id=${CarID}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-02-11T17:32:44.227" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T17:32:44.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16694" CreationDate="2016-02-03T18:54:11.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;By doing some heavy research, I was able to find the solution by using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.finder));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key was to find all the elements present in the part where i was going to validate if it was available. This solved the Time out's error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the Element is no longer attached to the DOM, and the validations,&#xA;instead of using the .IsDisplayed or .IsEnabled which DON'T returns &quot;false&quot; but an exception, i was able to validate this using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElements(By.finder).size()&amp;gt;0&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This returns false or true if the element size is displaying or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16272" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T18:54:11.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-03T18:58:07.927" Score="3" ViewCount="1301" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the advantage of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.docker.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;docker&lt;/a&gt; for test automation or even manual tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8865" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T14:33:25.953" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T12:41:22.717" Title="Advantage of Docker to automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:20:26.247" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16811" CreationDate="2016-02-03T20:08:41.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to test something, you need to install it somewhere, i.e. in a runtime environment.  In the process of running your test, you may change the runtime environment in ways that you need to clean up before you run your next test.  There are two ways to clean up: you can undo the changes, or you can throw the environment away and create a new one from scratch.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your runtime environment is an entire physical machine, creating the environment from scratch could involve reformatting the disk, reinstalling the operating system, and so on.  That's a lengthy, expensive process.  And if you only have one physical machine, that limits how many tests you can run at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your runtime environment is a virtual machine, creating an environment from scratch might only mean cloning an existing image.  That is probably faster than reimaging a physical machine.  You can probably run multiple virtual machines on the same physical machine, too, which means you can do more testing in parallel.  However, it still takes as long to start your virtual machine as it does to boot an operating system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your runtime environment is a Docker container, you get most of the advantages of running in a virtual machine, but you can run even more Docker containers on a physical machine than you can virtual machines.&#xA;Creating a Docker container from a Docker image is almost simultaneous.  And a Docker container does not need to boot an entire operating system, so its startup time is much faster than that of a virtual machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is the advantage of Docker for test automation or even manual tests?  &lt;strong&gt;Docker provides a lightweight way to create disposable runtime environments for running the software that you want to test.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-04T13:12:12.430" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T13:12:12.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-02-03T20:32:10.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In fact this is, to an extent, quite normal if you are using test driven development, TDD - you can expect near 100% of your tests to fail at the beginning of development and things to improve as you go on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly you need to work on your companies workflow so that failing tests are logged as failing tests until you attempt to mark a feature complete - when you do then test failures become bugs.  Feature branches are a good way to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your testers are duplicating bugs then there is a serious issue with them not checking for known problems and that needs working on by your QA manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2016-02-03T20:32:10.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16815" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16827" CreationDate="2016-02-03T23:42:08.740" Score="1" ViewCount="1529" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a small team, and this will be my first time interviewing a software developer, with strong development skills. Honestly I got intimidated by the qualifications and I have no idea what to ask them. I am thinking about behavioral questions, since I am not really good in development(we use C#) and I just stick to basic SQL, javascript for automation and basic in OOP. Please advise what are the questions I can ask for this candidate. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T11:37:16.167" Title="As a software QA, what are the interview questions we should ask to a software developer candidate?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-02-04T00:49:17.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a tester, I &lt;em&gt;love&lt;/em&gt; exploring partially developed code, and giving early feedback to the developer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key thing, as others have mentioned, is strong communication between developer and tester. I need to know what areas are likely to still be incomplete, so I don't waste time trying to isolate an issue. The developer needs to be prepared to outline what's finished, and perhaps discuss some tips on ways to workaround unfinished areas (for instance, if creating an order via the UI isn't finished yet, I might want to insert data directly into the database so that I can still look at other areas).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest benefit of this is that my understanding of what we're building grows alongside the developer's, and I can feed in my questions about potential edge cases as they're building, thus saving them valuable time and deepening both of our understandings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other answers seem to assume a test case based approach, where you run the same test cases time and time again. Frankly, if I was running exactly the same tests once the feature is done, I'd consider that I hadn't learned anything from my previous work, and would be worried. That early testing stage is where I develop my mental model, and think about test design. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That may seem a little long - but I wanted to describe how it can be done &lt;em&gt;well&lt;/em&gt;. Your situation is clearly not being handled well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;communication via bug tracker&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;KPI driven testers attempting to raise the max number of bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;many duplicates, lack of communication between testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;attempts from you to clarify scope totally ignored&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to name just a few points. I'd recommend discussing with line management to understand the purpose of requesting that QA get involved earlier, and explaining the additional overhead of running everything through the bug tracker. If possible, if there is a particular tester who you respect, you could suggest that it would be more practical to assign one tester at this early stage, and that would let you work together to develop a process that works better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="103" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T00:49:17.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16878" CreationDate="2016-02-04T10:20:44.990" Score="4" ViewCount="210" Body="&lt;p&gt;My web application generates a lot of reports in formats like excel sheet, Csv(comma-separated values), fixed width columns, pdf format, html reports etc based on the parameters I select. There is a lot of data in the reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any essential criteria for testing report generation that I may not have considered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know to test these things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data is correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filters are used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Output format is correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else is there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T12:36:15.440" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:18:38.543" Title="What criteria should be considered when testing report generation" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15966" CreationDate="2016-02-04T11:32:42.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly unlike traditional methodologies where the QA estimate may be separate to the developer estimate, when working in an agile way you will want your software &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.testlodge.com/agile-testing-estimation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testing estimates&lt;/a&gt; to be combined with your developer estimates, producing one estimate per user story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common way to do this estimate is using story points where your estimates is a combination of complexity, technical risk, effort etc... rather than time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Planning poker is the most common technique, but there are many &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agileadvice.com/2015/10/13/agilemanagement/9-agile-estimation-techniques/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;others&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overtime you will then get to know your teams velocity and this will allow you to predict how many story points you can complete per sprint. As your team start to get used to working together and whilst on the same project, you should also expect your velocity to increase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T11:32:42.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16822" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16825" CreationDate="2016-02-04T11:36:05.980" Score="0" ViewCount="1951" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In my project, I need to test mobile app for font size, font family. Are there any tools to help with that?&#xA;Like: DOM,fire bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I's also like to know if there is any automation tool for mobile testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15597" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-06T03:50:25.507" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T09:49:05.087" Title="Are there any tools to test font size and font family mobile application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14711" CreationDate="2016-02-04T11:41:40.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Grinder is a free Java-based load-testing framework available under a BSD-style open-source license. It was developed by Paco Gomez and is maintained by Philip Aston. Over the years, the community has also contributed many improvements, fixes, and translations. The Grinder consists of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Grinder Console - This GUI application controls various Grinder agents and monitors results in real time. The console can be used as a basic interactive development environment (IDE) for editing or developing test suites.&#xA;Grinder Agents - Each of these are headless load generators can have a number of workers to create the load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key Features of The Grinder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TCP proxy to record network activity into the Grinder test script.&#xA;Distributed testing that scales with an the increasing number of agent instances.&#xA;Power of Python or Closure, combined with any Java API, for test script creation or modification.&#xA;Flexible parameterization, which includes creating test data on the fly and the ability to use external data sources like files and databases.&#xA;Post-processing and assertion with full access to test results for correlation and content verification.&#xA;Support of multiple protocols.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16509" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T11:41:40.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-02-04T11:49:01.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, don't be put off by committing your code, you should continue to do this early and often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any code that goes into the master branch I feel should be ready to be tested straight away and all of the automated tests should be passing at this point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA should be aiming to test your work as soon as possible and not leaving everything until the end of the sprint, but at the same time they shouldn't be testing something that is not yet ready. This is not only a waste of their time but will likely create a division between the developers and testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try suggesting something like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you have a feature that is ready for QA, inform them and schedule a short demonstration of the feature. This should be where the developer sites down for 5 minutes with the tester and demonstrates the new functionality. This should not only improve the relationship between QA and the developers but often can also identify issues during the demo which the developer can immediately work on fixing before any tickets are raised.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your QA team constantly monitor the master branch and report any defects found in this straight away. So that they are not all reporting the same issue at the same time, maybe each one could do this a week at a time. This will also encourage developers to keep features that are not ready in their own feature branch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T11:49:01.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16822" CreationDate="2016-02-04T12:10:40.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a font-family is set on the body tag in your stylesheet, then that font will apply to nearly every element throughout your site (form and table elements being the exception where you have to redeclare the font-family for those).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only time the font-family declared on the body won't apply is if it's overridden by a different font-family applied on individual elements elsewhere in the stylesheet, or if it is applied by inline styles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can check on font-family consistency in the stylesheet/s just be doing a search for 'font:' (for cases where shorthand is being used) and 'font-family' and making sure any references to it match what your default font should be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16509" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T12:10:40.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15966" CreationDate="2016-02-04T12:14:51.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Identify base stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is very important to identify one or multiple base or reference story against which you would do relative sizing of the backlog. This story is picked from current product backlog or a different story which we have done earlier. But what is important is the understanding of this sory is same among everyone on the team. Team should be confident of this base story.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Talk through the requirements of the story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Product Owner or Proxy PO, will answer questions and provide explanation about what exactly this story entails.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Discuss and jot down things you want to remember when implementing this story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;These can be bullet points on the story card or text in the “notes” section of a tool. This is best done by Scrum Master who can add these details as and when discussions are on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some of these questions team ask themselves when they start sizing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Design: What will we have to learn before we can start work on this story?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coding: How much code will need to be written for this story? Have we written similar code before?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unit Testing: Will any special setup (e.g., mock objects) be required to unit test this story?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acceptance Testing: How much work is involved in helping the customer to automate the acceptance tests for this story?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Integration Points: Does this story have external dependencies?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Expertise: Does anyone of us have done similar story before?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Find some point of relative comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If this story is about the same amount of work as one you have already sized, give it the same number of points. If it is more difficult, give it a proportionally higher value. If this story is similar to another but less work in some way, give it a lower value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reach a consensus among entire team present as to the size of the story as per definition of done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Validate that your estimates are internally consistent among stories as you go along.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Periodically ensure that all of the 1’s are about the same, all of the 2’s match, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Likewise, the team should agree that a four-point story is roughly twice as much work as a two-point story.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16509" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-10T07:33:23.020" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T07:33:23.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16815" CreationDate="2016-02-04T12:58:58.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seriously, a lot depends on where you are (different countries have laws about what questions can't be asked), what kind of development process your team uses, your company culture, and the kind of applications your company produces. This isn't an exhaustive list, either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, if there are developers in the interview, you would probably want to stay out of the technical side altogether, and focus your questions on how the developer interacts with QA, and how they handle themselves in general. Some thoughts on this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do you see as the ideal relationship between QA and development?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider a situation where you had a conflict with a team member. How did you respond? How was the situation resolved?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What have you taught yourself? How did that work out/help you?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, you'll want to let the candidate talk as much as possible and take not of what they don't say, and how they say things as much as what they do say. Also take note of their body language: an interview is a high-stress situation, but whether someone's posture is relaxed or confident or timid will tell you a lot, especially if that changes during the interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T12:58:58.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13668" CreationDate="2016-02-04T13:49:48.847" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.get('file:///path/to/my/html/file/testing.html')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit.&#xA;You are trying to open a html fake page ( I assume for get the HAR content ), also trying to mock the request (you can do it, but it's more difficult than that), when you can get the same result loading the html file from selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16514" LastEditorUserId="16514" LastEditDate="2016-02-04T17:57:14.110" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T17:57:14.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2016-02-04T14:16:28.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can can understand the deference using following URL,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learningclue.blogspot.com/2016/01/differences-between-severity-priority.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://learningclue.blogspot.com/2016/01/differences-between-severity-priority.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above URL mentioned the differences of severity, priority and Status clearly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16515" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T14:16:28.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16830" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-04T14:46:37.120" Score="1" ViewCount="382" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently working on a new web site and I've been asked to investigate automation and make recommendations. Right now, I'm leaning heavily towards &lt;code&gt;Selenium+Web Driver&lt;/code&gt; for our testing. But, I'm trying to figure out the resources we need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe we need to bring in an experienced automation developer to get our infrastructure in and then we need at least one dedicated person to do nothing but maintain and improve the automated testing. I'm concerned that I won't get a dedicated resource and they would eventually need to work on manual  QA testing because of some emergency and eventually would become a manual tester and automation would fall by the wayside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you seen &lt;strong&gt;QA developers split between automation and manual testing work&lt;/strong&gt; well? Were there any special things that were done to help ensure the automation tests were kept up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13084" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-04T18:00:51.897" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T18:00:51.897" Title="Feasibility of automation testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16830" CreationDate="2016-02-04T15:10:20.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium/WebDriver will do just fine. WebDriver is W3C standard for browser automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation of testing is on a spectrum, from almost fully manual to 100% automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test automation&lt;/strong&gt; is manual testing aided with some automation. Preferably close to 100% but you will start with less than 100% :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated tests&lt;/strong&gt; are full suites of tests run automatically - continuous integration style. It is not easy to get there, but you don't have to. Start with automation of the most repetitive tasks in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Split between manual and automated testing does not work well, but reason is that type of personality who are good at manual testing does not make (in my personal experience) good developers, and vice versa. Good developer looks all the time what process is repetitive and can be refactored and automated. Good manual tester looks what is different and suspicious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, automated test is wrong name for the process. It should be &lt;strong&gt;&quot;automated checks&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt; Because automated tests can (and do) only check for conditions expected by test engineer, but will blatantly ignore anything unusual, if checking that unusual condition was not coded by test engineer. In comparison, unusual stuff will be picked by any decent manual tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So start with (some) test automation, and grow from there. But even before that, you need strong automated suite of unit tests (written and maintained by developers). System level test (e2e) without extensive unit test covering most of the code make little sense. Unit tests are cheaper to write and closer to errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-02-04T15:17:51.780" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T15:17:51.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16830" CreationDate="2016-02-04T16:08:26.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to also add to what Peter said above. Automating UI interaction, in this case using Selenium, can eat up quite a bit of time maintaining tests. If your team really wants to invest in automation, first you need an agreement that development will have a focus on making their product testable and expose elements in a manner that is easy to automate against. What does this mean? Using unique identifiers in the HTML for example that will never change and that are human-readable. If every time a new version of your site is released for test and ids are changed, no matter how well you've written your tests you will need to spend time to update them before they provide value once again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before writing automated tests that drive a browser, dev needs to be aware of what they need to do in order to facilitate writing new tests and maintaining those that already exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14677" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T16:08:26.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16834" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-04T16:32:46.513" Score="1" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;The test cases that were developed in the past were very high level (basically a summary and no steps) and I am now working on making them more detailed.  Many of them have multiple parameters under one test case, such as &quot;verify that that these types of order (ABC, DEF, GHI) do not have the Cancel button available&quot;.  What is the proper way to set this up?  Three separate test cases, or one test case to be executed 3 times with differing parameters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16518" LastActivityDate="2016-02-04T16:32:46.513" Title="Test cases with varying parameters" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:20:58.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16835" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16900" CreationDate="2016-02-04T18:20:01.937" Score="0" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;in my application, there is a Description field that the user once he creates a package, can enter some type of description story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently that filed is not limited to a specific number of characters, which for some reason i am not too comfortable with, as i feel wrong entries of thousands of characters might blow up the DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question = Should i consider it a defect and recommend to limit it to lets say 500 characters ?   Or Leave it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16522" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T18:46:03.870" Title="Description field size limitation" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16836" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-04T18:30:54.870" Score="1" ViewCount="8863" Body="&lt;p&gt;My code is as below. when i am executing it its giving me error as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.Error: Unresolved compilation problem: &#xA;Type mismatch: cannot convert from List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; to WebElement&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at &lt;code&gt;Learning_Selenium.Selenium_Class.main(Selenium_Class.java:13)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if any solution is there. Thanks in advance...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Learning_Selenium;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Selenium_Class {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;         // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;         WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;         driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;         System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;         WebElement element = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;         element.sendKeys(&quot;Cheese\n&quot;);&#xA;         element.submit();&#xA;         driver.close();&#xA;     }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16523" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:28:27.340" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:28:27.340" Title="Type mismatch: cannot convert from List&lt;WebElement&gt; to WebElement in eclipse" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:20:12.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16836" CreationDate="2016-02-04T19:08:17.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;FindElements&lt;/code&gt; returns a collection of elements.  What you need to do is use the singular &lt;code&gt;&quot;FindElement&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to get a single instance of an element to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2169" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T03:49:40.680" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T03:49:40.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16838" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16845" CreationDate="2016-02-04T19:25:37.387" Score="1" ViewCount="9086" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our application, we upload PDF's into an interface. In this interface, the PDF is just a property of an object in a row that is displayed for the end user. The end user can see if a PDF has been uploaded for this row or not. Each PDF is unique to that row and must contain related data to the row's identity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is, is there a way to open the PDF in another tab, or download the PDF (by clicking on it) and then using the Selenium Web Driver to confirm/verify contents or if that it even exists?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15060" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T20:50:09.700" Title="How to verify PDFs with Selenium web driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16839" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16840" CreationDate="2016-02-04T19:29:20.263" Score="3" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very much impressed in working with Agile environment plus I'd like to learn more about automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am planning to get certified in Agile Scrum and couldn't find good information over internet links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can some one guide me Do we have any agile certifications that suits the beginner or medium level Agile developer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-02-04T20:31:58.433" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T11:56:53.123" Title="Which Agile certifications suits the Beginner or Medium level Agile developer?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:18:33.330" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16839" CreationDate="2016-02-04T20:35:50.367" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Project Management Institute is one of the most well-known.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;More at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pmi.org/certification/agile-management-acp.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.pmi.org/certification/agile-management-acp.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another leader is:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrumalliance.org/certifications&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.scrumalliance.org/certifications&lt;/a&gt; which breaks out various roles including developer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A personal note is that in my experience this certifications will make you entry-level and only a year or two in more than one company will result in your being a competent Agile scrum user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also highly recommend the book &quot;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&quot; by Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory.  I consider it to be my bible for working in Agile teams!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T11:56:53.123" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T11:56:53.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16843" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-05T03:56:16.623" Score="1" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am using the traditional way i.e. 'Inspect Element' (or Firebug or IE Developer) for getting value of ID and Name attributes of any field present over page for which I am creating test cases. But, it is sometimes very time consuming especially when there are 100s of fields over a page/form. Sometimes, I use the record method abd then getting these attributes from the recorded test cases (but this too is a kind of work around).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any quick way of getting ID and Name attributes of all fields (like TextBox, Dropdowns, CheckBox etc.) present on a web application page in one go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T15:41:34.257" Title="Quickest way to get ID and Name of all fields in single go" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16836" CreationDate="2016-02-05T04:12:06.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one of the basic Webdriver concepts. When you are searching for a single element- like a single button that has to be clicked on, you use the &lt;code&gt;findElement( )&lt;/code&gt; , along with a locator mechanism, to find that element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement ele1= driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;btn1&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or in Python&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ele1= driver.find_element_by_id('btn1')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use the &lt;code&gt;findElements( )&lt;/code&gt; method, when you have to find a list of elements. We often use it when there are multiple instances of a web element and you need to find all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I need to get all the hyperlinks in a webpage, I can get it by&#xA;using the &lt;code&gt;findElements()&lt;/code&gt; method and searching for the anchor tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement ele2 = driver.findElements(By.tagname(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, since this would return multiple elements,you will again get an exception as above. We would need a placeholder, that holds multiple elements. So we define the Web Element to of &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt; type (in both Java and Python)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list1= driver.findElements(By.tagname(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Python&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;list_webele = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('a')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you in understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-06T19:37:48.973" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T19:37:48.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16838" CreationDate="2016-02-05T04:41:23.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can download the said PDF using Selenium webdriver, however I don't think you can verify the contents of the PDF, because that is not possible as far as I know using Selenium webdriver alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://pdfbox.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache PDFBox&lt;/a&gt; to verify PDF contents- however it is a &lt;code&gt;JAVA&lt;/code&gt; library. I am not sure whether you can combine PDFBox, along with Selenium and automate the whole process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Downloading a PDF using Selenium webdriver &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this code for C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA; profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;,2);&#xA; profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&quot;,false);&#xA; profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.dir&quot;, @&quot;c:\path\to\downloads\folder&quot;);   &#xA; profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;,&quot;MIME/TYPE&quot;);     &#xA; FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&#xA; driver.Get(&quot;http://path/of/your.file&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update the &lt;code&gt;MIME/TYPE&lt;/code&gt; to be &lt;code&gt;application/pdf&lt;/code&gt; since you are downloading a PDF file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T04:41:23.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16820" CreationDate="2016-02-05T05:51:56.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing reports we need to take the following points into consideration -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input data validations eg. date ranges&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Format of the report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if there are any calculations like total, max or min values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Units are displayed correctly eg. currency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data is displayed correctly based on filters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page navigation and number of rows displayed per page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any links on reports work correctly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time taken by the report to load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report shows same data in different formats&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No duplicate records&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16328" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T02:18:38.543" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:18:38.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16847" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16850" CreationDate="2016-02-05T06:10:03.153" Score="0" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a form which requires its data consists of textbox, combo box etc and finally i need to save.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find below outer HTML pattern of save button:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$btnEditSave&quot; value=&quot;Save&quot; onclick=&quot;javascript:WebForm_DoPostBackWithOptions(new WebForm_PostBackOptions(&amp;amp;quot;ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$btnEditSave&amp;amp;quot;, &amp;amp;quot;&amp;amp;quot;, true, &amp;amp;quot;vgExhibitor1&amp;amp;quot;, &amp;amp;quot;&amp;amp;quot;, false, false))&quot; id=&quot;ContentPlaceHolder1_btnEditSave&quot; class=&quot;green-btn&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is when I use id /name/xpath with this element for the first time for example, to get the validation on clicking on save without filling data on the form, it's working fine but when I fill all data and do the same it does not save rather it throws &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`**&quot;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element&quot;**`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me on this .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T09:39:55.453" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T15:55:32.857" Title="Stuck at NoSuchElement exception in selenium" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16836" CreationDate="2016-02-05T06:21:02.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to use &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;q&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; when searching for single web element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T06:21:02.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16847" CreationDate="2016-02-05T06:36:14.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your quick reply on this. The issue is that the form has one iframe. Before saving the complete form I did not switch to the default content from child to parent so elements were not able to be picked up by selenium api. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-02-05T10:02:15.037" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T10:02:15.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16854" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16855" CreationDate="2016-02-05T12:56:00.353" Score="3" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for some best practice here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to future proof the selenium tests that I'm building. They'll involve shared elements (products/locations/users), and it seems like a bad pattern to be building unique, test specific data for each test in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do I avoid my setup/teardown potentially wrecking other tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10480" LastActivityDate="2021-04-07T11:38:16.370" Title="Designing database reliant tests for parallel execution" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16854" CreationDate="2016-02-05T13:15:15.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bootstrap a clean environment for each test to test in isolation. This might look like a lot of overhead, but is very needed if you want to parallel run your tests and not get flickering and possible untrusted tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I create a session GUID and then generate test data and store in it in a database with the GUID. Boot an environment and let it point to the dataset. Automating this should already be part of the automated build-pipeline, if not this is a good reason to start working on it :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read my answers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/12225/3201&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/12225/3201&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/13660/3201&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/13660/3201&lt;/a&gt; which are about managing testdata and environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T13:49:33.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17119" CreationDate="2016-02-05T14:12:37.520" Score="0" ViewCount="5847" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I open the application,it prompts for a username and password. How can I handle this scenario using Selenium java in INTERNET EXPLORER?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15928" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T12:14:57.503" Title="Handling browser level authentication using Selenium in Internet Explorer" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16857" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-05T16:08:34.500" Score="3" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;When testing our website, I usually have to find a customer order with which I can test.  I do this by running queries against various databases.  Once I find the order that will work, I begin the test.  My question is whether or not the &quot;search&quot; for the customer order should actually be included in my test steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16518" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T03:01:30.087" Title="Should finding specific data to test with be included in the test steps" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-02-05T16:56:36.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;You should aim to create the data yourself&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;although whether you are doing manual or automated testing is a key factor&lt;/em&gt; and the following mostly applies to automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the principles you should be looking to follow when performing automated testing is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;setup - execute - teardown&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically you want the system and most notably the data store to be empty of any transactional data.  The only data that should be considered to stay between tests is seed reference data, e.g. valid zipcodes, auto model types, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in many cases you will need to create the customer and all the associated records that are needed for the test.  This is a big change from 'let me just query for a record'.  It also implies that you should be using a version of the system that has a mostly empty test database suitable for such testing.  This is different from the development database that will usually need a fair mount of data to be present in order to use and manually test the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When first getting into professional testing this can be a big hurdle / change.  It also tends to differentiate between manual testing and writing automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T16:56:36.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-02-05T16:58:06.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This would be your test precondition, of which if successful would mean Step 1 you are ready to go with the test.   For example, precondition &quot;query database to find X order, navigate to order&quot;.   Step1 - Using order from precondition, press button Y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the precondition can be achieved then the test case can be run.  If the precondition cannot be achieved then the test case is &quot;blocked&quot; rather than &quot;failed&quot;.   ie, you cannot fail it as you have not got it into a state to start it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might well raise one or more bugs on precondition steps if relevant.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15976" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T16:58:06.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2016-02-05T17:53:16.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/code&gt;  is the correct and cleanest way of doing this in my experience.  Call it once after instantiating the driver, and all subsequent calls will correctly wait for whatever timespan specified (60 seconds in this case)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is better to be generous in timeframes for explicit waits, as lower environments can have skewed loading times, especially when it is the first couple calls to a fresh environment.  That being said, 60 seconds is still on the high end for web apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16542" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-06T19:40:25.380" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T19:40:25.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3650" CreationDate="2016-02-05T19:23:44.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;MTM/TFS now supports cloning so that helps with versioning test artifacts (test plan, test suite &amp;amp; test cases) from Regression Test Management perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudioalm/2013/05/03/cloning-test-plans-using-microsoft-test-manager/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudioalm/2013/05/03/cloning-test-plans-using-microsoft-test-manager/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional detailed guidance (current as of 2015) is at Visual Studio ALM Rangers &quot;Test Planning and Management Guide&quot;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://vsartestreleaseguide.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://vsartestreleaseguide.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15201" LastActivityDate="2016-02-05T19:23:44.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16862" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-05T19:47:04.047" Score="3" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please help me with this subject considering that I am not a programmer but more of a power user.&#xA;Let's say that I would like to contribute to a source-closed application where I find diverse issues by utilizing procdump for example. Obviously, the list of potential issues is huge : hangs, crashes, memory corruption, etc.&#xA;What is intriguing is that, as user, I find a lot of hangs that normally do not provide an every time replication (eg appear in certain conditions such as low memory, cpu, driver interference and other &quot;bizarre behavior&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually use WinDbg + Microsoft Symbols Server and check FOLLOWUP_IP. However, I have noticed that some issues get the same bug tracking number from devs which means that it's a possible duplicate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, the question: As a user - How do you tell based on dump file only that you experienced a different issue than you reported in the past? Is my method bad? Any other methods?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16543" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T18:18:36.960" LastActivityDate="2019-12-08T16:56:22.020" Title="How to differentiate issues based on dumps when you do not have source code?" Tags="&lt;fault-isolation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-06T00:48:15.260" Score="1" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a bunch of jobs which are basically running different Selenium/nose-backed tests in browser. Now what we want is that, any of these jobs should be considered as failed if any 404 status is detected while job is running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is  - how to achieve this without noticeable impact on performance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we are considering to use browser &lt;a href=&quot;https://bmp.lightbody.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;browsermob proxy&lt;/a&gt; - and &#xA;check the HAR file created. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2880" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T04:01:40.800" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T09:35:17.007" Title="How to fail a test based on error status codes in integration tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16857" CreationDate="2016-02-06T03:01:30.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;While documenting tests or rather reporting them to your dev team, its suppose to have sufficient details that will help the team trace, understand and fix the issue at hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every data you use for testing is important test artifact. Mentioning that in your test cases will tell the developer what data used used for your test that caused the failure. Using this they can check the conditions and logic they implemented and correct it to make sure that the issue won't be repeated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, in certain cases it may be a part of pre-requisites or pre-condition. You may not say how you found that piece of data (Although it may be easier for the developer to analyze if you did), but you should mention what data you used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T03:01:30.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13375" CreationDate="2016-02-06T03:18:01.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you mean for getting a job,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, many companies and hiring managers prefer hiring a certified person, be it for development or for testing. For many it is kind of a proof that you are qualified enough. Many others like to show off to their clientele that they have so many certified staff that will be employed to work on their project. Some don't really understand the what and how of things so for them certification is like THE QUALIFICATION for a person to be eligible/suitable for the job. So it may help you land a job in several places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For learning Testing,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't really think so it'll help. Most certification course out there may only teach you terminologies and present it to you as the standards of testing. BUT, there really are not standards and there is no better way of learning and improving your testing skills than to practice it, get it reviewed by people (experts/friends/non-testers/technical people) and improvise. You should also read blogs, article and books on testing and quality. You can also get ideas for testing from other books, your daily life activities, places you visit or any thing for that matter. You can solve puzzles to improve your logic and ability to do critical thinking. You might also want to learn various other things to gain domain knowledge for the projects you test so that you can generate more and better test ideas. All of this will not come with the certificate or the course you take for it. It'll all come from your passion and interest in testing and eagerness to be a better tester than you were yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T03:18:01.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2016-02-06T03:31:20.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll try to put it in the simplest words I can,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Severity:&lt;/strong&gt; It is the measure of serioursness/danger of the issue. Something that may cause you software to crash or a security breach or basic functionality not working are all kind of very high severity issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Priority:&lt;/strong&gt; It defines how quickly the issue needs to be fixed. A high priority issue means that it should be fixed immediately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be cases where severity of a bug is low, yet its priority will be high and it'll have to be fixed immediately and vice-versa. For example, logo of the website is broken. This is a low severity yet a high priority issue. It doesn't stop the functioning of the website in any way, yet it is the first thing a visitor will see in the website and if the logo itself is broken, that sends out a wrong signal in terms of user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T03:31:20.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16867" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-06T05:04:57.510" Score="2" ViewCount="861" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using selenium we can upload a file. So then what is the purpose of the autoit tool in selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;image&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;username.sendKeys(&quot;D:\Images\img.jpg&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code is enough to upload an image to our web application. Then what is the need for autoit in selenium? Is there any other specific feature in autoit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16544" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-06T14:13:44.637" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T07:44:21.043" Title="What is the Purpose of the autoit tool in selenium?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16869" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-06T09:09:07.323" Score="5" ViewCount="2032" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need to automate &lt;strong&gt;C++ application&lt;/strong&gt; testing on Web, Mobile (iOS, Android) and &lt;strong&gt;Desktop (Windows, OSX and maybe Linux)&lt;/strong&gt;. Searching for &lt;strong&gt;open source tools only&lt;/strong&gt; and automated tests will be written using &lt;strong&gt;Java&lt;/strong&gt;. The web is good to go with Selenium WebDriver, Mobile with Appium and Desktop Windows with Winium.Desktop. Does anybody know what tool can be used for &lt;strong&gt;Desktop C++ app automation on Windows, OSX and maybe Linux&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12677" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T05:22:58.233" LastActivityDate="2021-04-06T11:03:05.307" Title="C++ app automation on multiple platforms" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14205" CreationDate="2016-02-06T10:16:50.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mentioned black box testing and given that I would consider a different language / framework for the testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example I recently was writing a bunch of bash programs and wrote my own test runner in bash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, to get started you run the program / module and then you examine the results in comparison to what you expect.  So the test runner does that, it runs the programs and examine the output and can pass/fail depending on whether it is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T10:16:50.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16867" CreationDate="2016-02-06T15:38:07.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is used to help automate dialog boxes, window alerts, Authentication pop-ups, etc.  Downloads is one of these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Web applications do not always confine themselves to working entirely on the web. Sometimes they need to interact with the desktop to do things like downloads &amp;amp; uploads. Automating these sorts of workflow is tricky in Selenium. Selenium is confined to automating browsers, so desktop windows are out of scope. If you are looking to automate workflows that go from browser to desktop and back in Selenium, then a little AutoIt is in order.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What is AutoIt&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;AutoIt v3 is a freeware BASIC-like scripting language designed for automating the Windows GUI and general scripting. It uses a combination of simulated keystrokes, mouse movement and window/control manipulation in order to automate tasks in a way not possible or reliable with other languages (e.g. VBScript and SendKeys). AutoIt is also very small, self-contained and will run on all versions of Windows out-of-the-box with no annoying “runtimes” required!&#xA;In layman’s term AutoIt is just another automation tool like Selenium but unlike Selenium it is used for Desktop Automation rather Web Automation.  It is a powerful tool and it just not automate desktop windows, button &amp;amp; form, it automates mouse movements &amp;amp; keystrokes too. Just like Selenium IDE, it also gives you the recording capability which generates the scripts for you to use the same script in you test.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T15:38:07.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16862" CreationDate="2016-02-06T18:07:42.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, you can't.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the dump file is identical to another dump file, you probably found the same problem.  If they are different, you need to know enough about the application to know which dump file differences are relevant.  The developer may have that knowledge because they have the source code. An experienced hacker may have enough general experience with how software works to figure it out.  For everyone else, the dump file is worthless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-02-06T18:07:42.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16869" CreationDate="2016-02-06T20:45:17.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Windows I recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;You can either record interaction with UI elements or directly write automation scripts with their Basic-like scripting language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-02-07T08:36:32.970" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T08:36:32.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14216" CreationDate="2016-02-07T19:40:07.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just extract the class attribute of the element and create the xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String headingClass = heading.getAttribute(&quot;class&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;String headingPath = &quot;//div[@class='&quot;+ headingClass + &quot;']&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then use headingPath wherever you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T16:14:47.500" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T16:14:47.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13737" CreationDate="2016-02-07T19:52:11.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To interact with elements in new window you have to switch you driver focus to new window, you can do it with the help of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switch.window(&quot;Title of window&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then try to find out the dropdown element in the window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: If title of window does not work in your case, there are other ways to find out the window. For example finding out number of windows open then switch to window totalWindows-1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T07:10:44.883" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T07:10:44.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16836" CreationDate="2016-02-07T19:58:24.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are using &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; method which will return the list of elements. Where you should use &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; method which return single webElement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T07:10:24.643" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T07:10:24.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16847" CreationDate="2016-02-07T20:14:13.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Might be xpath of save button gets changed after first submission, try to shorten your xpath and eliminate unwanted div tag if any, try using following xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@value='Save']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T15:44:35.187" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T15:44:35.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16820" CreationDate="2016-02-07T20:40:23.990" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to verify following things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the downloaded report is in correct format for example if you select pdf option then pdf should get downloaded and not html or other&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the name of downloaded file is as expected, many a times file has some naming conventions which are followed&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the header and footers if any&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the calculations mentioned in report are correct&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify images or graphs mentioned in report are correct with appropriate units&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify copy paste or editing report is allowed or not - In case report has read only access&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify color of legend in report is appropriate if any&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify name of sheets are appropriate if there are multiple sheets&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify date time zone country etc are correct&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify email ids mentioned in reports are correct if any&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify same report is shown if downloaded multiple times (there was time I faced issue every time we download report, it used to show different report)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T20:40:23.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16838" CreationDate="2016-02-07T20:50:09.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium cannot perform any operation apart from web elements, pdf can be tested with the help of java Apache API for pdf&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go through this link &lt;a href=&quot;https://pdfbox.apache.org/docs/1.8.10/javadocs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://pdfbox.apache.org/docs/1.8.10/javadocs/&lt;/a&gt; to explore more about PDFbox API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-07T20:50:09.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14318" CreationDate="2016-02-07T21:06:35.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are using &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; method which will return single element but you are try to save it in the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; WebElement a=driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;android.widget.EditText&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T07:08:41.550" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T07:08:41.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16771" CreationDate="2016-02-07T21:16:39.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have written a wrong code for finding an password element &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code is - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement password = test1.findElement(By.ById.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;));&#xA;password.click();&#xA;password.sendKeys(&quot;tftctctc141414&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it should be as -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement password = test1.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;));&#xA;password.click();&#xA;password.sendKeys(&quot;tftctctc141414&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mistake - you are using &lt;code&gt;By.ById.id&lt;/code&gt; method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-10T20:28:09.347" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T20:28:09.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16274" CreationDate="2016-02-07T21:29:52.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try following xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='text_overflow-1']/u/a&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='text_overflow-1']/u/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T12:28:41.790" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T12:28:41.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16883" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22573" CreationDate="2016-02-08T00:50:45.663" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did install &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sonarQube&lt;/a&gt; and performed a project evaluation. The fact is, sonarQube gave me a global note (A) and percentages, like duplication of code %, comment %...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, what is a good rating? Is this a 5% of duplication a good ratio? What about the % of comment line? What is the average on existing project? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16551" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-14T12:11:28.253" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T12:19:22.777" Title="Judge the project rating sonarQube" Tags="&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-09-14T20:13:08.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9881" CreationDate="2016-02-08T06:06:25.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Zephyr as a plugin for JIRA is a good test case management tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It helps in creation and execution of test case cycles, cloning and interlinking of test cases, and their filtered viewing, besides facilitating attachment of screenshots to the ticket. Zephyr also facilitates reporting of test metrics via test summary, pie charts and graphs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is no facility in Zephyr to list all the test cases which are linked to the same issue. Also, it cannot handle historical reporting of test cases across successive versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article effectively sums up the pros and cons of Zephyr for JIRA. &lt;a href=&quot;http://onpathtesting.com/test-management-in-jira-using-zephyr/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Management in JIRA using Zephyr&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16328" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-05T10:55:44.847" LastActivityDate="2021-02-05T10:55:44.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16887" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-08T08:15:28.363" Score="0" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;We developed application based on GPS, google maps and location, now we make localization and I should test how our application will work in China.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any tips?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My location is in Israel. How can I bring the device think that I'm at China?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16553" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:26:14.493" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:26:14.493" Title="Testing mobile application based on GPS" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16888" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20621" CreationDate="2016-02-08T08:16:24.017" Score="0" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to setup jenkins and run build using maven, but I am getting an error, because maven is executing build with java source 1.5. I have mentioned the source and target in pom.xml as 1.7 still it is executing with source 1.5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-compiler-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;source&amp;gt;1.7&amp;lt;/source&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;target&amp;gt;1.7&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have java 1.8 installed on my machine, please let me know how can I resolve this issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:25:59.150" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:25:59.150" Title="Maven Java versioning issue" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-20T19:33:01.073" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16836" CreationDate="2016-02-08T09:19:16.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are trying to get array of elements in single element, so compiler throwing an exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Learning_Selenium;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA; public class Selenium_Class {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;       WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;       driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;       System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;       WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;       element.sendKeys(&quot;Cheese\n&quot;);&#xA;       element.submit();&#xA;       driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use &lt;code&gt;driver.findElements()&lt;/code&gt; it means it will get all webElements which  argument finds in this query, if you tend to get all element then use :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;&amp;gt; element = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this will get all elements stored in array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16554" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T12:15:30.300" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T12:15:30.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16887" CreationDate="2016-02-08T09:23:57.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run the application on an emulator, it should give you a way to define location&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask the developer to allow you to inject mock locations through some sort of API&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.1 Mocking can be done at the app level- i.e. don't read the location from the GPS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.2 You did not mention a platform, but Android and I suppose iOS too have the possibility to mock a location through the native API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you are concerned about using a real GPS signal then buy a GPS signal generator (at ~100K$ or more)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fly to china ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T09:23:57.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16887" CreationDate="2016-02-08T09:26:32.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Talya Ostrovsky Lit -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) You can use some application which can change your location, easily available on Google app store.  or you can search some more application&#xA;such as &quot;hola&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Or you can you simulator and emulator for such testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16538" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T11:09:32.563" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T11:09:32.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16892" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-08T10:29:04.933" Score="1" ViewCount="1730" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which are some of the most interesting bugs that you as a &quot;Tester&quot; , have found in your career. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to collect different test ideas(through bugs) so that I can test better. Please share the main scenarios around your bug, if not the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T00:27:26.057" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T00:27:26.057" Title="Which was the most challenging and interesting Bug that you ever found?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-02-08T14:28:09.400" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16894" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-08T10:37:21.457" Score="0" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always tried to improve my test coverage as a black-box tester. Still, I believe that I need to improve my ability to generate practical and highly-usable ideas to test better so that I find serious bugs easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some models, theories, heuristics that have really helped you to find any kind of bug in any web-application. Kindly share some black-box testing heuristics for an enterprise web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T11:27:54.870" Title="How do I improve my Test Idea generation ability?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:19:33.060" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16894" CreationDate="2016-02-08T11:07:03.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question has been asked many times before on this forum. So you should try to research a bit before adding this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/16140/what-are-some-good-thinking-tools-that-a-tester-can-use-to-generate-ideas?rq=1&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; where there is a list of good thinking tools and techniques mentioned for improving your practical thinking ability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can start by reading the number of books mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/42/suggested-books-to-start-on-software-testing&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can also follow many of the points mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9577/how-to-become-a-more-creative-software-tester?rq=1&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as I have mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/16298/what-material-can-help-a-tester-generate-more-and-better-ideas?rq=1&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, doing proper analysis and research, is the best tool for a tester, something which you seemed to have missed here (not a rant in any way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T11:07:03.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16894" CreationDate="2016-02-08T11:27:54.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to &lt;strong&gt;break&lt;/strong&gt; every functionality, just think how break every section this point is call test case and defiantly it will help you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16538" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T11:27:54.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16892" CreationDate="2016-02-08T12:40:38.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question would do better on a more traditional forum: here we're focused much more on questions that can have a definitive correct answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, possibly the most interesting one I've ever hit was a rather nasty compiler bug that didn't trigger until the application executable was large enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The symptoms were random errors in test automation where an element that was clearly visible on the screen was not found. Inspecting the element in the test automation tool would crash the application, the tool, or both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tracking the problem down required working with the test automation tool vendor, the IDE vendor, and one of the organization programmers. In order to determine what was happening we built a test build of the application which hid all the proprietary information and exhibited the same behavior when inspected in the automation tool. This was sent to both the tool vendor and the IDE vendor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While that was happening, the developer and I worked to re-engineer the application build to separate the debug info from the application executable and re-engineer the automation to work with the separated debug info. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After several iterations of this, the tool vendor determined that the debug info was corrupted during the build process. Experimentation on our end determined that it took a very large single executable to do this: building the application as a smaller exe with a bunch of dependent dlls didn't cause the problem. Neither did separating the debug info into a separate dll. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Several iterations later, the IDE vendor determined that this was indeed a compiler bug. I don't know what happened after that because I changed employer. Presumably a fix was scheduled and released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I posted the information as a question here (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3645/testcomplete-working-with-a-very-large-application-loses-the-ability-to-access-a&quot;&gt;TestComplete working with a very large application loses the ability to access application internal properties&lt;/a&gt;) and later answered it with the information I had. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm posting this as my &quot;most challenging and interesting bug&quot; because it took collaboration across multiple companies to track it down. The random automation failures were caused by the corrupted debug info, which might cause say a component's on click event to map to the application's close event. Or to be completely unreadable. I had no way to know this because my only means of inspecting the debug info was through the automation tool with the application running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developer had no reason to consider a compiler bug as the cause of the problem: compiler bugs are vanishingly rare and generally fixed as quickly as possible. Getting different automation crashes against the same build with no change to automation code had both of us frustrated beyond belief.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also forced massive refactoring of the test automation scripts to rely on debug info as little as possible (awkward, in a windows application with multiple third party components).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T12:40:38.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16863" CreationDate="2016-02-08T13:01:27.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is actually a relatively simple programming exercise: what differs/matters here is how you implement it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webperf/raw-file/tip/specs/HAR/Overview.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HAR specifications&lt;/a&gt; (linked to from your link) state that the response object will have a key-value pair of &lt;code&gt;&quot;status&quot;: [HTTP Status Code (200, 404, 500 etc.)]&lt;/code&gt; Their example is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;status&quot;:200&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The response object is a member of each object in the entries array, and includes a comment object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd start by scanning the HAR file and setting the comment to some kind of failure code if status is 404. How you handle the formatting of the display is up to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T13:01:27.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16835" CreationDate="2016-02-08T13:23:39.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Approach will be like this.&#xA;First check the requirement doc, what it says about the description field length. If there is nothing about the description field then try as followed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try input long description say thousands of char. submit it and then verify it on the backend.&#xA;In case the whole description is not getting stored then it's an ISSUE.&#xA;or you can put it as SUGGESTION/ENHANCEMENT if the long description is getting saved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16562" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T13:23:39.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16843" CreationDate="2016-02-08T14:19:11.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not in one go, but one list per element type, using &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;tag&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&lt;/a&gt; (as @ilm correctly suggested)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T14:19:11.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16835" CreationDate="2016-02-08T14:26:55.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you do not have requirements, write one and get them to your customer to comment. Suggest deadline for review, and any comments after deadline might be treated differently (extra price, whatever). You are creating the paper trail of attempts to solve problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But all this is not your problem as QA. It is problem which your manager needs to solve (whoever told you to test this). Communication is better than documentation, or better: documentation is not a replacement of communication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T14:26:55.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16867" CreationDate="2016-02-08T15:28:13.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoIt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; - is Windows scripting freeware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you use it, you locked yourself to MS Win platform. Why would anyone want to do that? Especially if Selenium is multiplatform? And Linux has much better universal scripting languages, like Python? Which also works on Windows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or in worst case, use IronPython for windows to integrate with window's object model. Works nicely, from personal experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I do not see the reason to use AutoIt. It's purpose is to chain you to Windows platform. First released 1997, ecosystem changed significantly since then and I do not see why anyone would prefer it over Python/IronPython. I will see in comments what AutoIt has what IronPython is missing, if any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T15:28:13.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16843" CreationDate="2016-02-08T15:33:35.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are using CodedUI for this I would write something like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void GetAllElements(BrowserWindow bw)&#xA;{&#xA;var a = bw.GetChildren().Where(x =&amp;gt; x.GetProperty(&quot;TagName&quot;).ToString() == &quot;TD&quot;);&#xA;            foreach (var control in a)&#xA;            {&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(control.Name);&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(control.GetProperty(&quot;Id&quot;));&#xA;            }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you are interested in saving time while hand coding make as many generic methods if you can&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void ClickHtmlButton(string buttonidentifierType, string buttonIdentifier)&#xA;{&#xA;    var button = new HtmlButton(bw);&#xA;    if buttonidentifierType == &quot;ID&quot;&#xA;    {&#xA;        button.SearchProperties.Add(&quot;Id&quot;, buttonIdentifier);&#xA;    }&#xA;    if buttonidentifierType == &quot;InnerText&quot;&#xA;    {&#xA;        button.SearchProperties.Add(&quot;InnerText&quot;, buttonIdentifier);&#xA;    }&#xA;    Mouse.Click(button);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15644" LastEditorUserId="15644" LastEditDate="2016-02-08T15:41:34.257" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T15:41:34.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14085" CreationDate="2016-02-08T19:09:48.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way to test your webdriver skills are to start testing e-commerce sites, because it has lot of dynamic data, various combination of test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start testing, flipkart.com, olx.com, amazon.com etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-08T19:09:48.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16907" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16945" CreationDate="2016-02-08T19:11:52.240" Score="1" ViewCount="5947" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to run Junit test methods in a Class parallelly to save time using Threads. I have added the following code in my &lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt; file after referring to a website. please let me know what the next step i need to do run the test methods parallelly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.18.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parallel&amp;gt;classesAndMethods&amp;lt;/parallel&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;perCoreThreadCount&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/perCoreThreadCount&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;useUnlimitedThreads&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/useUnlimitedThreads&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;threadCountMethods&amp;gt;5&amp;lt;/threadCountMethods&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;includes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;${tests}&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/includes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9267" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:25:20.370" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:25:20.370" Title="How to run Junit test methods in parallel?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16909" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-09T02:00:51.493" Score="0" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to access more than 255 columns of Datasource (Excel) using Coded UI, currently I am using VSTS 2013 and found that Coded UI is not able to access more than 255 columns from the DataSource. Is there a way to overcome this limitation? I don't want to split my test case in two parts, also I have to use Excel as DataSource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T17:23:26.483" Title="Data Driven testing using Coded UI" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16911" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16931" CreationDate="2016-02-09T06:13:38.410" Score="5" ViewCount="48610" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing web based user profiles forms which have multiple fields like input box, radio buttons, checkboxes, combo-boxes, alphanumeric fields etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what are some good tests that I can run to find issues. How can I try to break the form fields and save/submit functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:08:07.947" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T10:35:17.347" Title="Test data to test form input fields?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8457" CreationDate="2016-02-09T06:16:28.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JIRA by itself helps reflect test metrics in the form of built-in customizable dashboard widgets.You can use pie charts, graphs and heat maps to reflect the status of issues, their priority, the number of issues for each label and even the workload of the team members so that newer projects can be assigned optimally. You can learn more about JIRA dashboard by reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://onpathtesting.com/jira-dashboard-reporting-metrics-for-better-qa-management/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; on test effort management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16571" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T06:16:28.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16911" CreationDate="2016-02-09T06:49:43.013" Score="5" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Text field - special characters, numbers, alphanumeric values, negative values, decimal values, blank values, greater than max characters, acceptable ranges, links, html code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Text boxes - try adding links, html codes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Email address - invalid format, wrong email address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Url fields - invalid format, wrong url&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Credit card - invalid credit card, expired, insufficient balance, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Date/Time field - invalid date/time format, older/present/past dates, past/present/future time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Radio/Checkbox - Select, unselect, check if any conditional data is displayed based on selection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select/Multi select field - check if any conditional data is displayed based on selection, selection in one drop-down to dynamically populate another drop-down&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save form with all blank fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save form with blank/unselected required fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save form with invalid values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate forward, backward, refresh&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for any help texts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for error messages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if there are any Reset or Clear buttons&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if pressing any keys has any any effect like Esc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check you can submit form with all permissible values and verify all data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check end to end functionality, if you can login and perform required actions after creating user profile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check overall format and spellings of the form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try different language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy paste, drag drop&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uploading or downloading files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16328" LastEditorUserId="16328" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T07:08:04.143" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T07:08:04.143" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16911" CreationDate="2016-02-09T07:38:34.660" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Radio Button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All options are displayed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All options are enabled&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple selection is not allowed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If multiple selection is allowed, check if you are able to achieve it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If radio button is a necessary field, check if not selecting it raises an error message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If any event is associated with radio button, check if that's happening correctly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on radio button and check if it is enabled (in case using WebDriver)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check Box&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same check as of radio button is applicable on checkboxes too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combo Box  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All the neccessary options are available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for the default option&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple selection is not allowed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If multiple selection is allowed, check if you are able to achieve it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if you are able to type a correct selection option in combo box and the option comes up for selection.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type an invalid selection option and check the behavior as per expectations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If scrolling option is available in combo box, test it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aphanumeric Fields and Text Box : This &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9441/what-are-some-invalid-data-inputs-that-will-break-a-text-box&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; has a comprehensive list of options &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T07:38:34.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16856" CreationDate="2016-02-09T07:44:32.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to specify how the browser level authentication box is coming up for starters. Is it a JS pop up or is it a modal window. Depending on this, you can use corresponding methods from Selenium - &lt;code&gt;driver.switch_to.alert&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;driver.switch_to.window()&lt;/code&gt; methods- these are in python, but you have corresponding methods in Java also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can refer to this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2755/handling-browser-level-authentication-using-selenium?lq=1&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt;, where it has been discussed in detail- though it is not IE specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T07:44:32.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-09T07:50:54.500" Score="2" ViewCount="15533" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am new to Jmeter and I ran the test successfully. Now I'd like to understand what the results mean and what is classed as good/bad measurements, and what can be suggested to improve the results. Below is a table of the results collated in the Summary report of Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me understand these results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rU8NQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rU8NQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11080" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T07:58:31.040" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T07:35:26.887" Title="Performance testing - analysing Graph results in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16916" CreationDate="2016-02-09T08:07:45.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not so well versed in Jmeter, but I once studied it for few months. Here are some of the good links I can recommend for interpreting Jmeter results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.coderanch.com/t/561221/Testing/Read-JMeter-graphs-results&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt; - check Andrew Monkhouse's answer. He has explained it very precisely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.datazoo.de/articles/158/performance-testing-analyzing-jmeter-results&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt; - A good explanation is given here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/tip/Tips-for-interpreting-JMeter-results&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link 3&lt;/a&gt; - TechTarget always have some of the best explanations. This is another one for Jmeter graphs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T08:07:45.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2016-02-09T09:05:01.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spreadsheets are the perfect tool to report on functional testing. Now, there are cloud-based spreadsheets like Google Docs which provide easy shared access; thus the regression test suite can be updated with little effort. Time estimates for a single regression run and even for individual test runs can be worked out and recorded easily in spreadsheets. The critical path can be easily maintained within the regression test suite so that there may not be any duplication of efforts. It is easy to collate manual and automated test results in spreadsheets. &lt;a href=&quot;http://onpathtesting.com/manage-regression-testing-with-spreadsheets/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; which I have written as a technical writer for OnPath Testing can help you manage your test suite well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16571" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-06-11T07:21:07.967" LastActivityDate="2019-06-11T07:21:07.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2016-02-09T09:21:14.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although Excel has been around for a long time now, its astonishing simplicity and ease of use still make it a good test management tool. And since test suites are invariably a combination of manual and automated tests, you cannot avoid having to manage your tests manually. Also, cloud-based spreadsheets have made shared access possible, so that the test suite record can be updated easily.It is easy to maintain the test record for multiple environments by using spreadsheets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16571" LastEditorUserId="16571" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T15:51:52.220" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T15:51:52.220" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-02-09T09:21:14.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16911" CreationDate="2016-02-09T10:40:32.513" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TextBox:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify name is mandatory or not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter the value as  blank spaces on mandatory fields and click on Save button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter the value as Special Character &amp;amp; Numbers on mandatory field and click on Save button (a. 12345, b. /&lt;em&gt;--+-, &#xA;c. 12354/&lt;/em&gt;--+-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check Data type(s) for required field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter value as &quot;a to Z&quot; and check the character length and click on Save button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check tab validation is working or not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check mouse hover functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check spelling and Grammar in Confirmation message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Radio Button&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check the CSS style, size &amp;amp; color of the radio button is as per the specification.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check if the multiple radio button on the form get select or not.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on ‘Yes’ or No radio button control and hit submit to see if it redirects to the specific page.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select &quot;YES&quot; option and click on save button&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select &quot;No&quot; option and click on save button&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select “Yes” option and double click on Next button&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Without selecting any option click on Next button (If nothing is selected by default)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Combo box&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;For Country, State &amp;amp; City&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;16&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on the State/County/Region Drop down menu&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clicking on the State/County/Region Drop down&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check Cascading lookup is working or not&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the state drop down button if it has all valid states in list&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select another state and check city list and make sure list has changed&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T10:40:32.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16921" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16923" CreationDate="2016-02-09T11:12:50.623" Score="0" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I execute the following program it displays an array bound exception: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.BufferedReader;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.io.InputStreamReader;&#xA;&#xA;public class Array {&#xA;&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException&#xA;   {&#xA;    BufferedReader ch=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Hello World\n&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println (&quot;\nEnter the number of elements:&quot;);&#xA;    int n=Integer.parseInt(ch.readLine());&#xA;&#xA;    int a[]=new int[n];&#xA;&#xA;    for (int i=1;i&amp;lt;=n;i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        a[i]=Integer.parseInt(ch.readLine());&#xA;    }&#xA;    System.out.println (&quot;\nThe elements are as follows:\n&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    for(int i=1;i&amp;lt;=n;i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println (a[i]+&quot;\t&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;output:&#xA;Hello World&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enter the number of elements:&#xA;1&#xA;2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The elements are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 1&#xA;at Array.main(Array.java:26)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16109" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T11:47:46.353" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T12:33:10.917" Title="ArrayBound Exception Error" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-02-10T13:23:52.103" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16429" CreationDate="2016-02-09T11:19:05.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my project I created common step definition file with common method like login, logout, selecting checkbox(s), setting value in input fields, taking screenshot, selecting value in dropdown, selecting option in radio button group  etc. and created separate step definition files for feature specific steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I was easily able to manage complete testsuite following this architechture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T11:19:05.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16921" CreationDate="2016-02-09T12:04:39.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are creating the array by giving the array size say 5, then array is created with indices 0 to 4. But you are looping from indices 1 to 5. &#xA;Since you are trying to access array index 5, you are getting the error. &#xA;Use &lt;code&gt;for (int i=0;i&amp;lt;n;i++)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16328" LastEditorUserId="16328" LastEditDate="2016-02-09T12:33:10.917" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T12:33:10.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-09T12:51:59.443" Score="0" ViewCount="2338" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I get this line &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem = WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,lastTweetCss))) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to move on further in the code if it doesn't find anything after waiting for 10 sec?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I'm looking to scroll down the site till it hits the bottom (which works currently) and then when the above-mentioned line starts waiting as there are no more further posts to scroll, I'm looking to get it to ignore the Timeout and continue with the rest of the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to scrap the tweets off a specific twitter site bound by dates and I want it to stop after scrolling to the bottom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code: &lt;a href=&quot;http://pastebin.com/tDgG0JHT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pastebin.com/tDgG0JHT&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16579" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-11T03:00:17.670" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T03:00:17.670" Title="Python+Selenium: Continue script execution by ignoring timeout error" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16924" CreationDate="2016-02-09T14:56:00.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;try...except block will allow you to bypass the timeout. But if you need that you are doing it wrong. Check presence of element before you wait of it's visibility. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T14:56:00.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16856" CreationDate="2016-02-09T15:35:11.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Though you can use ROBOT class for this, but it highly recommended to avoid ROBOT class uses as much as you can.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I understood correctly, your website has authentication, it prompts the user name and password. you do not require to do anything with selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to add username and password in url for example, your url is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://example.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you have to write it in this way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://username:password@example.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will bypass the authentication window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;INFO:&lt;/strong&gt; This kind of authentication to websites are done, to avoid google ranking, no one will like to rank their testing or dev sites in google &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T12:52:06.350" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T12:52:06.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16909" CreationDate="2016-02-09T17:23:26.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One possibility is to include delimited fields within the Excel cells. I normally use CSV (&quot;comma&quot; separated values) for the data source file but the conversion to and from an Excel spreadsheet is easy. A simple example with pipe ( &lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;) delimited field within the CSV would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FieldA,FB,SFC1|SFC2|SFC3,SFD-3,FieldE&#xA;AAone,BBtwo,CCthree|CCfour|CCfive,DDsix|DDseven|DDeight,FFnine&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here five CSV (Excell) cells are separated by commas. Two of them have pip delimited sub-fields. Giving nine fields in total.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use the above fields you might do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string[] SFC = TestContext.DataRow[&quot;SFC1|SFC2|SFC3&quot;].ToString().Split('|');&#xA;string[] SFD = TestContext.DataRow[&quot;SFD-3&quot;].ToString().Split('|');&#xA;&#xA;string ValueOfFieldA = TestContext.DataRow[&quot;SFD-3&quot;].ToString();&#xA;string ValueOfSFC2 = SFC[1];&#xA;string ValueOfSFD3 = SFD[3];&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a field name like &lt;code&gt;SFC1|SFC2|SFC3&lt;/code&gt; may be useful for documentation, but naming all the subfields may be excessive. Having a shorter field name such as &lt;code&gt;SFD-3&lt;/code&gt; gives the hint that three fields are expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the array indexing in &lt;code&gt;SFC[1]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;SFD[3]&lt;/code&gt; should probably be preceded by a check that the elements actually exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T17:23:26.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2016-02-09T21:52:00.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Google docs, the problem with excel say you have 1000 tests and person A finished 200 and person B finished 143 test cases, now the poor lead has to merge the report, since multiple people can edit google docs, and it is free that is the way to go, in addition people can see status in real time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16585" LastActivityDate="2016-02-09T21:52:00.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16930" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16958" CreationDate="2016-02-10T00:45:10.613" Score="1" ViewCount="5770" Body="&lt;p&gt;String = There are 4 records in this list&#xA;Here 4 is value of variable 'n'.&#xA;I need to extract this value of variable from message displayed on web application using Selenium IDE.&#xA;Much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15495" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T11:53:54.723" Title="Extract value of variable in string in Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16911" CreationDate="2016-02-10T00:51:15.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://strazzere.blogspot.com/search/label/Test%20Data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;These blog&lt;/a&gt; might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lots of posts there about creating test data, along with copy-and-paste samples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T12:11:29.303" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:11:29.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16835" CreationDate="2016-02-10T00:55:45.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Currently that filed is not limited to a specific number of&#xA;  characters, which for some reason i am not too comfortable with, as i&#xA;  feel wrong entries of thousands of characters might blow up the DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My question = Should i consider it a defect and recommend to limit it&#xA;  to lets say 500 characters ? Or Leave it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are requirements, they should tell you the required field size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, check the database - how large a field is being used to store this value?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, what happens when you exceed that size in the UI? Does it actually &quot;blow up the DB&quot;? If so write a bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T00:55:45.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1794" CreationDate="2016-02-10T06:26:40.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a long list of common tools that people use to document test results, be it functional or non-functional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People use,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Word processors: MS Word or Libre Office Word or any other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spreadsheets: Excel, Calc, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Text Editors: Notepad, Notepad++, Etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mind map: xmind, freeplane &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Online tools: Zoho Project Manager, Evernote, Google Docs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Management Tools: TestLodge, TestLink, TestRail, and so on &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug Tracking Tools: MantisBT, Redmine and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And any other means of communication people are comfortable with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There also people who use WordPress for documenting test results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically its up to an individual or a team. First they will have to decide the format in which they would like to document the test results. Once done with that, they can look up the tool that will be a good suit for them and go for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T06:26:40.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16576" CreationDate="2016-02-10T07:48:29.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead you should create Firefox profile in order to invoke it locally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer this : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.howtogeek.com/209320/how-to-set-up-and-use-multiple-profiles-user-accounts-in-firefox/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.howtogeek.com/209320/how-to-set-up-and-use-multiple-profiles-user-accounts-in-firefox/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should resolve your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16554" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T07:48:29.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16525" CreationDate="2016-02-10T08:01:44.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should revisit your script and check that you're having HTTP Header Manager in each request with the Authorization token. Also, you can change the content type to application JSON as this is REST.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T08:01:44.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-10T08:51:26.070" Score="0" ViewCount="639" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to handle a native OS (Ubuntu) file upload window in selenium in java.&#xA;Can Auto-It tool be used for this?&#xA;If not please let me know the tool name&#xA;Please anyone help me on this... thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16598" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T11:34:04.347" Title="How to handle a native OS (Ubuntu) file upload window in selenium in java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T07:20:10.577" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16938" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-10T08:58:11.357" Score="1" ViewCount="3642" Body="&lt;p&gt;i am facing problem in clicking a link in the PDF. Scenario is to download a PDF and click on the link &lt;em&gt;click here&lt;/em&gt; and validate opening page title is as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16599" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T16:30:24.427" Title="How to click a link in the PDF with Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-02-11T10:21:09.020" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16715" CreationDate="2016-02-10T10:35:19.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, that's actually like Dev Box Testing. Dev Box testing helps ensuring that an extra level of verification is made. It ensures the quality of the user story before it is committed to the QA environment. That said, there shouldn't be JIRA tickets or tickets raised for the Dev Box Testing. Instead the bugs must be reported in a sheet or over the email. If you're hell bent on using JIRA then there can be a single DEV Box Testing ticket that has all bugs mentioned in it in a brief manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA is always a quality thing and not a quantity thing! Number of bugs don't always reflect the quality of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T10:35:19.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="681" CreationDate="2016-02-10T10:50:39.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the test suite is always a combination of manual and automated tests, the first challenge is to decide which tests are to be automated. Only time consuming and repetitive tests need to be automated so that the effort can be focused on exploratory testing. Since regression testing is the single largest test exercise before the version launch, it is important to manage it well; it is a good idea to use spreadsheets. The challenges with maintaining your regression test suite through spreadsheets are - lack of access control to specific team members, problem of shared access among team members to keep the test suite updated, and the risk of duplication of critical path and the rest of the test suite. These can be solved by the use of cloud-based spreadsheets. I am a technical writer with OnPath Testing and I have written &lt;a href=&quot;https://onpathtesting.com/manage-regression-testing-with-spreadsheets/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; which discusses how to manage your regression test suite with spreadsheets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16571" LastEditorUserId="16571" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T12:31:39.953" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T12:31:39.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16975" CreationDate="2016-02-10T11:13:03.633" Score="2" ViewCount="2594" Body="&lt;p&gt;I executed JMeter Test Plan with around 3000 users. Test duration was around 15 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I can see in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ActiveThreadsOverTime/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Active Threads Over Time Listener&lt;/a&gt;, that in constant stage there was a load of 3000 concurrent users. But, in that stage users were not continuously sending requests/hits because of think-time implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How I can find the maximum number of simultaneous users for this specific test?&lt;/strong&gt;. Is there any specific listener/graph for this purpose? or do I need to calculate it manually in some spreadsheet tool ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective is to find the pattern of simultaneous users performing specific action or any action. Lowest and maximum simultaneous users and a graph just Active Threads graph.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15718" LastEditorUserId="15499" LastEditDate="2016-02-10T18:11:51.100" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T19:34:04.220" Title="How to determine no. of simultaneous users from JMeter load test results" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5232" CreationDate="2016-02-10T11:13:29.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Metrics are important to measure the progress of your project and to keep you and your team motivated. As you try to work towards your goals, wouldn't you want to know how far you have come and on which areas to focus for achieving your goals? For projects in software, they are vital for management to know the health of the project, and this data-driven approach helps the team to focus on those aspects of the project which need more attention. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16571" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T11:13:29.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16938" CreationDate="2016-02-10T11:20:45.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium can work only with the webelements, to work with PDF, java Apache provides an API called PDFBox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can extract the link using this API and validate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thottingal.in/blog/2009/06/24/pdfbox-extract-text-from-pdf/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://thottingal.in/blog/2009/06/24/pdfbox-extract-text-from-pdf/&lt;/a&gt; - Link to Extract text from PDF usgin PDFBox&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.printmyfolders.com/Home/PDFBox-Tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.printmyfolders.com/Home/PDFBox-Tutorial&lt;/a&gt; - Link for Tutorials on PDFBox.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pdfbox.apache.org/docs/1.8.10/javadocs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://pdfbox.apache.org/docs/1.8.10/javadocs/&lt;/a&gt; - API docs to explore the classes in the API.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-10T11:44:50.713" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T11:44:50.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16937" CreationDate="2016-02-10T11:28:33.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To perform the file upload using java, you can use java &lt;code&gt;Robot&lt;/code&gt; class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this class you can perform keyboard operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is code for MAC - Hopefully it works for Ubuntu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void upload(String fileLocation) throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;// Create object of Robot class&#xA;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;StringSelection stringSelection = new StringSelection(fileLocation);&#xA;&#xA;// Copy file path in Clipboard   &#xA;Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(stringSelection, null);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            // Hit Command + Shift + G to go to particular path&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_SHIFT);&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_G);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_SHIFT);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_G);&#xA;            // Hit Command + V to paste the path from clipboard&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;            // Hit Enter&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;            robot.delay(2000);&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-10T11:34:04.347" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T11:34:04.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16907" CreationDate="2016-02-10T12:26:34.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the ANT parallel task to achieve this parallelism. Following is the demo which shows how to execute testcases parallel with Selenium Grid and JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Download the demo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download the selenium grid from [here][1] and extract it into some folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now navigate to extracted folder through command prompt and type following command&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ant launch-hub&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will launch the hub on &lt;code&gt;port 4444&lt;/code&gt;, this is the port where your selenium tests need to connect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now you need to launch the remote control. type the following command on command prompt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ant launch-remote-control&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will launch the remote control on &lt;code&gt;port 5555&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now we have launched one remote control, we will launch another remote control on &lt;code&gt;port 5556&lt;/code&gt;. So one class will execute all it's test on remote control running on &lt;code&gt;5555&lt;/code&gt; and another class will run it's testcases on remote control running on &lt;code&gt;5556&lt;/code&gt;. Type the following command to launch the remote control on &lt;code&gt;5556 port&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ant launch-remote-control -Dport=5556&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now we have two remote control running on the same machine we need to run testcase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;demo1.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;&#xA;import org.junit.After;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.DefaultSelenium;&#xA;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.Selenium;&#xA;&#xA;public class demo1 {&#xA; Selenium selenium;&#xA;&#xA; @Before&#xA; public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;  selenium = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*firefox&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;URL&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;  selenium.start();&#xA;  selenium.setTimeout(&quot;6000&quot;);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; @Test&#xA; public void test_1() throws Exception {&#xA;        // write the test code here&#xA; }&#xA; @Test&#xA; public void test_2() throws Exception {&#xA;        // write the test code here&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; @After&#xA; public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;   selenium.stop();&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;demo2.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;&#xA;import org.junit.After;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.DefaultSelenium;&#xA;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.Selenium;&#xA;&#xA;public class demo2 {&#xA; Selenium selenium;&#xA;&#xA; @Before&#xA; public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;  selenium = new DefaultSelenium(&quot;localhost&quot;, 4444, &quot;*firefox&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;URL&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;  selenium.start();&#xA;  selenium.setTimeout(&quot;6000&quot;);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; @Test&#xA; public void test_3() throws Exception {&#xA;      // write the test code here&#xA; }&#xA; @Test&#xA; public void test_4() throws Exception {&#xA;        // write the test code here;&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; @After&#xA; public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;   selenium.stop();&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;build.xml&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;project name=&quot;demo&quot; default=&quot;run&quot; basedir=&quot;.&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;path id=&quot;lib.classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;lib&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;include name=&quot;*.jar&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;pathelement location=&quot;bin&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA; &amp;lt;target name=&quot;run&quot; depends=&quot;compile&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;parallel threadCount='4'&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;junit printsummary=&quot;withOutAndErr&quot; haltonfailure=&quot;no&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;formatter type=&quot;xml&quot; usefile=&quot;true&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classpath refid=&quot;lib.classpath&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;batchtest fork=&quot;true&quot; todir=&quot;results&quot; failureproperty=&quot;seleniumTests.failed&quot; errorproperty=&quot;seleniumTests.failed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;bin&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;include name=&quot;demo1.class&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/batchtest&amp;gt; &#xA;   &amp;lt;/junit&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;   &amp;lt;junit printsummary=&quot;withOutAndErr&quot; haltonfailure=&quot;no&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;formatter type=&quot;xml&quot; usefile=&quot;true&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;classpath refid=&quot;lib.classpath&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;batchtest fork=&quot;true&quot; todir=&quot;results&quot; failureproperty=&quot;seleniumTests.failed&quot; errorproperty=&quot;seleniumTests.failed&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;bin&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;include name=&quot;demo2.class&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/batchtest&amp;gt; &#xA;   &amp;lt;/junit&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/parallel&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA; &amp;lt;target name=&quot;compile&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt; compiling.....&amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;javac srcdir=&quot;src&quot; destdir=&quot;bin&quot; classpathref=&quot;lib.classpath&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create &lt;code&gt;demo1.java&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;demo2.java&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;build.xml&lt;/code&gt; as shown above&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now you run the testcases using &lt;code&gt;build.xml&lt;/code&gt; file. Use the following command to run the testcases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ant run&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will run &lt;code&gt;demo1.class&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;demo2.class&lt;/code&gt; in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T21:45:37.060" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T21:45:37.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16811" CreationDate="2016-02-10T12:41:22.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been looking for the same, and I have found following some useful blogs on it. Hopefully it will help you to resolve your query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Docker container for running browser tests - &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@georgediaz/docker-container-for-running-browser-tests-9b234e68f83c#.o8ch92lkt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://medium.com/@georgediaz/docker-container-for-running-browser-tests-9b234e68f83c#.o8ch92lkt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Running headless Selenium WebDriver tests in Docker containers - &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@griggheo/running-headless-selenium-webdriver-tests-in-docker-containers-342fdbabf756#.k5gbh46sd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://medium.com/@griggheo/running-headless-selenium-webdriver-tests-in-docker-containers-342fdbabf756#.k5gbh46sd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Grid Cluster Example With docker-compose (formerly fig) - &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@kevanahlquist/selenium-grid-cluster-example-with-docker-and-fig-24943a5eca42#.h3x3z12ms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://medium.com/@kevanahlquist/selenium-grid-cluster-example-with-docker-and-fig-24943a5eca42#.h3x3z12ms&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Setting up Jenkins to run headless Selenium tests in Docker containers - &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@griggheo/setting-up-jenkins-to-run-headless-selenium-tests-in-docker-containers-99528390bce7#.xic6to28m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://medium.com/@griggheo/setting-up-jenkins-to-run-headless-selenium-tests-in-docker-containers-99528390bce7#.xic6to28m&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T12:41:22.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9360" CreationDate="2016-02-10T13:17:10.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears that you need some application which can capture screen, if this is the case you case use  'jing' tool. Jing captures anything you see on your computer screen, as an image or short video, and lets you share it instantly the steps to replicate for developers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also register it for free and test it with the limit of space and buy it if you like it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am successfully using this tool in my current project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T13:17:10.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16938" CreationDate="2016-02-10T16:30:24.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have set to display PDF in a browser (it could be change to do so, or to download a file) some elements of some PDFs are reachable by XPath expressions. Then it is usable even with Selenium-IDE!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example in Firefox there is object &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;viewer&quot; class=&quot;pdfViewer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with structure inside    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   &amp;lt;div id=&quot;pageContainer1&quot; class=&quot;page&quot; ... data-page-number=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div id=&quot;pageContainer2&quot; class=&quot;page&quot; ... data-page-number=&quot;2&quot; data-loaded=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;canvasWrapper&quot; ...&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;textLayer&quot; ...&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;annotationLayer&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need the link, you will find it in annotation layer. Another question is to find proper object, as the structure of the PDF file is very flat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the PDF viewer inside the Firefox browser is just a normal web application, so you can even use all the functional buttons and list trough the document and wait till pages get loaded (&lt;code&gt;data-loaded=&quot;true&quot;&lt;/code&gt;), turn pages etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But be careful, not each browser will behave the same. I recommend to you to make some research around if this way fills your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T16:30:24.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16951" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16963" CreationDate="2016-02-10T16:30:54.677" Score="4" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Application is a cloud-based solution.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I need to test its performance with many concurrent users that should be within the minimum market viability for concurrent users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not have a clear performance benchmark for the system, like it should handle xxxx number of concurrent users in x seconds or less, or it should be able to upload x number of Docs. x seconds or less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where can I start ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16522" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T21:45:41.953" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T21:57:54.600" Title="Performance / Load Testing: Where can I start?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16951" CreationDate="2016-02-10T17:17:00.637" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can suggest &quot;JMeter&quot; as the tool for performance testing of cloud based applications. It can record and playback the tests. You can set the number of threads i.e. users and many other things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start initially with a 10 user load and then 50 then maybe a hundred.&#xA;This way you can generate graphs which can help you in analysing the performance of the application i.e. how it behaves with different user loads.&#xA;Also it can let you test the stress level of the application in that how many concurrent users it can support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16562" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T21:46:06.020" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T21:46:06.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16953" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16968" CreationDate="2016-02-10T19:48:39.163" Score="0" ViewCount="905" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing performance testing with a master slave configuration. Currently I am using 4 Slave Machines, and have unique test data files on each slave machine.  I am wondering if there is a best practice or recommendation on whether to have unique Test Data per Slave or have all of the same Test Data on all of the slave machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8829" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T14:53:13.770" Title="Managing Test Data For Jmeter for Master - Slave Configuration" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16674" CreationDate="2016-02-10T21:08:28.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Answer in Short&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is Xpath &lt;code&gt;.//[@id=\'nosession\']/form/div[1]/input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which means, the Xpath is trying to find out an any html element on page, which has &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;nosession&lt;/code&gt;. Inside the &lt;code&gt;nosession&lt;/code&gt; element we have a &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt; with multiple &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; tags in it and we are selecting first &lt;code&gt;div[1]&lt;/code&gt;. Inside first div tag we are finding for &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T06:51:20.013" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T06:51:20.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16535" CreationDate="2016-02-10T21:52:30.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can validate the content of email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to write selenium script which will trigger the email, then you can use javax mail API for fetching the email from inbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is code for fetching the email from inbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private Message getEmail(String emailID, String password, String subjectToBeSearched) throws Exception {&#xA;    Properties props = System.getProperties();&#xA;    props.setProperty(&quot;mail.store.protocol&quot;, &quot;imaps&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);&#xA;    Store store = session.getStore(&quot;imaps&quot;);&#xA;    store.connect(&quot;imap.gmail.com&quot;, emailID, password);&#xA;&#xA;    Folder folder = store.getFolder(&quot;INBOX&quot;);&#xA;    folder.open(Folder.READ_WRITE);&#xA;&#xA;    Message[] messages = null;&#xA;    boolean mailFound = false;&#xA;    Message email = null;&#xA;&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 30; i++) {&#xA;        messages = folder.search(new SubjectTerm(subjectToBeSearched), folder.getMessages());&#xA;        if (messages.length == 0) {&#xA;            Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    for (Message mail : messages) {&#xA;        if (!mail.isSet(Flags.Flag.SEEN)) {&#xA;            email = mail;&#xA;            mailFound = true;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    if (!mailFound) {&#xA;        throw new Exception(&quot;Could not found Email&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    return email;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above function will return you the message, then you can perform operations on message object, for example reading mail subject you can use following code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;email.getSubject();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following code to get details of FROM&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;email.getFrom()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And many more functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-10T21:52:30.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16957" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-11T02:40:42.463" Score="1" ViewCount="4364" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to create a dashboard widget in Jira that shows open defects across multiple projects.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need the graph to show issues for any project that starts with a specific term (e.g. like project ~ &quot;prototype&quot; or project = &quot;prototype*&quot; etc) but those don't seem to be valid searches&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like Jira does not allow searches to include any logic for the field &quot;project&quot; other than &lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;!=&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;IN&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note:  I cannot use any special plugins, as I don't have admin access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7745" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-02-11T09:19:48.340" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T22:08:35.860" Title="How can I search in Jira for issues in any project that starts with a word" Tags="&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16930" CreationDate="2016-02-11T05:48:08.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use storeText to store the text message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;echo to verify it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use storeEval to extract the numeric value from text message string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;echo it and use it where required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check example below for a sample solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeText id=abcXYZabc myVar &#xA;storeEval storedVars['myVar'].match(/\d+/); myExtractedNum &#xA;echo ${myExtractedNum}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//xPath/xyz/div/div[3]/p[8]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;myVar&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${myVar}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storedVars['myVar'].match(/\d+/)&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;myExtractedNum&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${myExtractedNum}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T05:48:08.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16930" CreationDate="2016-02-11T06:24:34.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;xpath of string&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;string&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${string}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storedVars['string'].match(&amp;amp;quot;are(.*)records&amp;amp;quot;)&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;number&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storedVars['number'][1]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;num&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${num}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;storeText | xpath of string | string =&gt; extracts the string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;echo | ${string} =&gt; display string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;storeEval | storedVars['string'].match(&quot;are(.*)records&quot;) | number =&gt; gets the substrings &quot;are 4 records&quot;, 4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;storeEval | storedVars['number'][1] | num =&gt; get second substring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;echo | ${num} =&gt; prints the value you require     &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16328" LastEditorUserId="16328" LastEditDate="2016-02-11T11:53:54.723" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T11:53:54.723" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16957" CreationDate="2016-02-11T07:58:22.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A possible solution could be the usage of Project Categories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can be found / created under Administration -&gt; Projects -&gt; Project categories. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When You defined a category (e.g. Prototype) You can associate the category with the project on the Project Admin Page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now You can search via JQL: &lt;code&gt;category = Prototype&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T07:58:22.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16951" CreationDate="2016-02-11T08:17:55.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are going to run the tests on a dedicated machine, use JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to have a lightweight solution for running tests both locally &amp;amp; remotely - take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://locust.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://locust.io/&lt;/a&gt;, it is a very powerful &amp;amp; lightweight solution, which does not eat RAM in the same way that JMeter does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14549" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T08:17:55.043" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16745" CreationDate="2016-02-11T08:52:22.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get the screen width and screen height using the below code:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Dimension dimensions = driver.manage().window().getSize();&#xA;  int screenWidth = dimensions.getWidth();&#xA;  int screenHeight = dimensions.getHeight();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T08:52:22.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16745" CreationDate="2016-02-11T09:44:34.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few methods to do this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;getSize()&lt;/code&gt; methods&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Display screensize = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay(); Point size = new Point(); screensize.getSize(size); int width = size.x; int height = size.y;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ge default display size:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE); Display screensize = wm.getDefaultDisplay();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;getWidth()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;getHeight()&lt;/code&gt; methods&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();  int width = display.getWidth();  // deprecated int height = display.getHeight();  // deprecated&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;DisplayMetrics()&lt;/code&gt; method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;DisplayMetrics displaymetrics = new DisplayMetrics(); getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displaymetrics); int height = displaymetrics.heightPixels;  int width = displaymetrics.widthPixels;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps you! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2021-02-26T07:41:11.743" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:41:11.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-02-11T12:14:54.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. Testers should not discuss with developers because they will convince testers else they can fix that bug before we filing in bug tracker. If developers do like that then tester can't explore in organization whether its small/big its not a matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the bug is valid one then it should file in bug tracking tool.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T12:14:54.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16953" CreationDate="2016-02-11T14:53:13.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to have a configuration in which each thread should use unique data, even across slave machines, then you should use different Test Data files on different test machine. As you have to place this Test Data file on each slave machine (with same location as on master) it means JMeter pick Test Data (CSV file) from the local machine and not from the Master, so placing different data set on different machine will ensure uniqueness of the test data parameters being used by each thread in distributed mode. This is what I have used and it works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, there is a field in CSV Data Set Configuration i.e. &quot;Sharing Mode&quot; may be it is helpful for using same Test Data across slave machines. But, I have never tried this one. you can refer to this &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for more information about sharing mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, just to keep it simple, use different test data files over different machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T14:53:13.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16970" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-11T16:32:01.467" Score="0" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any tools available to help with estimating the time needed to test an application?  This would be manual testing, not automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16518" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-02-12T12:19:52.473" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T12:39:00.130" Title="Tools for test estimations" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-estimation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12141" CreationDate="2016-02-11T17:31:56.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is available, id should always be your preferred method of location of elements.  It is the fastest and most reliable lookup.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.findElement(By.Id(&quot;edit-box-big&quot;))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16542" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T17:31:56.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16970" CreationDate="2016-02-11T18:26:01.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's dependent on many things, I haven't encountered any tools. I'm curious if there are any. We generally end up around half the time it takes for development. However this can be drastically different depending on features. Is it localized into 4 different languages? How many different platforms does it run on? Does it need to connect to multiple different types of hardware via bluetooth? Is the team testing familiar with the application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16622" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T18:26:01.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16957" CreationDate="2016-02-11T18:33:01.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you can do this without calling out each project with an OR or something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could add a label to each issue on these projects then just search by label. You can group edit a query if you want to label everything with the same label. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16622" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T18:33:01.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16835" CreationDate="2016-02-11T18:46:03.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't comment yet, but I like where Joe and Amol are. If there are no requirements, break it. Put a million characters in there. Write a script to fill in 100 description fields with 14000 characters each. Try all the things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And talk to the team. Maybe this won't break it, but it may fill it up which could be undesirable for other reasons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16622" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T18:46:03.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16941" CreationDate="2016-02-11T19:29:32.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You found the right plugin, mind the &lt;strong&gt;Active&lt;/strong&gt; word in its name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, on below image there are 101 alive threads as per green rectangle in upper-right corner, but only one active thread is reflected in graph as others are sleeping:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PyHQD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PyHQD.png&quot; alt=&quot;Active Threads Over Time&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also run your JMeter test via &lt;a href=&quot;http://gettaurus.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Taurus&lt;/a&gt; tool - the results will be available via fancy web interface, including concurrent users of course:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Pj4Dh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Pj4Dh.png&quot; alt=&quot;Taurus Report&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T19:29:32.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-11T20:38:44.313" Score="1" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best app for writing QA tests in a small team ? ( 5 peoples ?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, we use emails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16212" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T18:04:37.437" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T18:04:37.437" Title="QA app for small team" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16976" CreationDate="2016-02-11T20:49:07.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wiki is excellent and flexible replacement for archived emails. But it is not a valid replacement for communication about the process, and following the rules the team agreed on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jira is good for tracking bugs and efforts. For documenting the process, not so much. Wiki allows you to create custom &quot;encyclopedia&quot; of test-related knowledge, steps to follow, procedures, rules etc. Accessible from a browser with just few mouseclicks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jira forces all info into single mental mode (bug).  In wiki, pages can be accessed and linked different ways, according to mental model which is best for different audiences/approaches/problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, such flexibility comes with price. You need to be disciplined to use wiki right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use Bugzilla for structured part of our process, and wiki for the flexible unstructured part (documenting subsystems). Because often the documentation should change when fielding other bugs later, but it is a lot of work, so just linking bug/request documents of follow-up changes is next best thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another consideration is what your sysadmin prefers/knows (if you have one). TRAC (and clones) is excellent combination of bug tracking system, wiki, code repository, and is free/FOSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is great when using integrated system like TRAC (as comparing to stand-alone system like Jira and separate standalone wiki) is that in TRAC, you have consistent markup creating links to other parts of the system. So if you write Bug:1234 in wiki, it will create hyperlink to said bug. Or Changeset:12345 in wiki or in bugzilla comments links to source code viewer with all the changes. Same in comments in source code, when viewed in source code repository viewer. You can break the silos. So all the info (source code, bug/feature, technical documentation of subsystems) lives where it belongs, but is hyperlinked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-02-11T23:06:22.903" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T23:06:22.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16976" CreationDate="2016-02-11T20:54:00.070" Score="-1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issue tracking: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thebuggenie.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Bug Genie&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases management: Google Spreadsheets (first step), &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testiatarantula.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testia Tarantula&lt;/a&gt; (next step)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Test automation: Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile Test automation: Appium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16624" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T20:54:00.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1005" CreationDate="2016-02-11T22:42:25.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testiatarantula.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestiaTarantula&lt;/a&gt; - I found it's user interface appealing, and tagging functionality of almost anything very useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16624" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T22:42:25.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16980" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-11T22:53:42.150" Score="2" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just finished the Machine Learning course and was wondering if there is a Test Management tool that learns over time which test cases to run for the given project and eventually recommends a test suite for a next test execution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16624" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T17:07:43.117" Title="Test Management Tool that recommends test cases for next test execution?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2016-02-11T23:04:17.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not aware of any. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But one project in python-coverage tool compares diff of the change with info about which unit tests cover which code and runs the unit test which cover the changed code only (instead of full suite).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tool in not trying to be smart, because in Zen of Python we have koan: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;In face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Reason is: guess can be as often good as misleading, and there is no automated way to tell which is which. Report the ambiguity and exit instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-11T23:04:17.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16982" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-12T00:02:49.633" Score="2" ViewCount="18379" Body="&lt;p&gt;It runs first test, but then I'm getting null pointer exception when running Edit Profile test.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Not sure why.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I globally declared public driver.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Please help. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package test;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import com.tapanalytics.config.Configuration;&#xA;import com.tapanalytics.pom.domain.analyticsEditProfilePage;&#xA;import com.tapanalytics.pom.domain.analyticsLandingPage;&#xA;import com.tapanalytics.pom.domain.analyticsLoginPage;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestLogin {&#xA;&#xA;public  WebDriver driver;// = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;public String baseURL = &quot;mytestsite.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA; public void setBaseURL(){&#xA;   driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;   driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;   driver.get(baseURL);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//Login test&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testLogin() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    analyticsLoginPage mylogin = PageFactory.initElements(driver, analyticsLoginPage.class);&#xA;    analyticsLandingPage landingpage = mylogin.login(&quot;username&quot;, &quot;password&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//Edit Profile test&#xA;&#xA;@Test//(dependsOnMethods = { &quot;testLogin&quot; })&#xA;public void verifyProfile() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;    // driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;    analyticsLandingPage landingpage = new analyticsLandingPage();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;    landingpage.gotoProfile();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='left-frame']/div/div[2]/a[3]/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;    //Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;    analyticsEditProfilePage editprofile = PageFactory.initElements(driver, analyticsEditProfilePage.class);&#xA;    editprofile.verifyEditFirstName();&#xA;    editprofile.verifyEditLastName();&#xA;    editprofile.verifyCompanyName();&#xA;    editprofile.verifyReportingProfile();&#xA;    editprofile.verifyUsageStatistics();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@AfterTest&#xA;public static void quitDriver(){&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}       &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PASSED: testLogin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FAILED: verifyProfile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; java.lang.NullPointerException    at&#xA;&amp;gt; com.tapanalytics.pom.domain.analyticsLandingPage.gotoProfile(analyticsLandingPage.java:42)&#xA;&amp;gt;   at test.TestLogin.verifyProfile(TestLogin.java:64)  at&#xA;&amp;gt; sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)   at&#xA;&amp;gt; sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;&amp;gt;   at&#xA;&amp;gt; sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;&amp;gt;   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)     at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:85)&#xA;&amp;gt;   at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:639)   at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:816)    at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1124)  at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)&#xA;&amp;gt;   at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:108)&#xA;&amp;gt;   at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:774)    at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:624)    at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:359)  at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:354)  at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:312)   at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:261)  at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)  at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)   at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1215)     at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1140)  at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1048)   at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:112)     at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:205)  at&#xA;&amp;gt; org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:176)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16625" LastEditorUserId="17212" LastEditDate="2018-01-08T19:32:07.617" LastActivityDate="2018-12-11T18:13:29.387" Title="TestNG.java.lang.NullPointerException running second @Test" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16983" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-12T06:55:26.073" Score="0" ViewCount="30650" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know how run multiple files without running the before class() again and again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;E.g.:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Consider i am writing test case for GMail&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;login.java&lt;/code&gt; : Which contains complete testing of the login page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;inbox.java&lt;/code&gt; : Which contains complete testing of the inbox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;spam.java&lt;/code&gt; : Which contains complete testing of the spam folder page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;label.java&lt;/code&gt; : Which contains complete testing of create/edit/deleting of labels&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now every file contains a before class which has&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;calling the browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;input username and password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clicking the submit button&#xA;and after class which logs out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using TestNG when I run, every time it will login, test for the particular file and logs out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It needs to run like this:&#xA;It should login, then test the inbox, spam and label then logs out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it the right way to execute? Or is there a solution for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16629" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T01:06:54.703" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T06:19:20.467" Title="How to run multiple test cases without running before and after class again and again" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16983" CreationDate="2016-02-12T07:08:34.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try using &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to group your test classes into a suite in the testng.xml and annotate the setup method in one of your test classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This link provides a nice tutorial:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/enterprise-java/testng/testng-beforesuite-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/enterprise-java/testng/testng-beforesuite-example/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-02-12T07:16:21.187" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T07:16:21.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14055" CreationDate="2016-02-12T10:56:28.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spreadsheets are still relevant for test management. Previous concerns regarding the use of spreadsheets on separate machines like lack of shared access for regular updation and version control have been satisfactorily addressed by the use of cloud-based spreadsheets. All the team members can access the spreadsheets and still, you can control access to different sheets for different members. You can easily attach not only a screenshot, but also insert video links for issue reporting. Of course, it is important to maintain the critical path within the regression test suite so that there is no duplication of effort.JIRA is an effective bug tracker which can be used with spreadsheets. I am a technical writer for OnPath testing and I have written &lt;a href=&quot;http://onpathtesting.com/manage-regression-testing-with-spreadsheets/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; on how to manage your regression test suite with spreadsheets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16571" LastEditorUserId="16571" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T12:22:19.370" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T12:22:19.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16970" CreationDate="2016-02-12T12:39:00.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not aware of any tools either. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the following general guidelines help, but are not the whole matter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test time increases with application size. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test time increases with application edges: that is, the number of interactions between the application and other software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test time increases with module/feature edges.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test time increases with configuration options.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test time increases with form/module complexity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test time increases with business rule complexity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the application does not have good unit testing, it will take longer to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the application does not have automated regression testing, it will take longer to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would draw on historical data as much as possible: if it takes &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; time to test a particular feature of the application, it will likely take a similar length of time to test a feature that's about the same size and complexity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My other major factor is how critical a feature is: e.g., if it impacts a customer's finances it &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be correct. If it deals with a once and done setup that can be worked around if need be, there's less need to cover it every time. This allows prioritization, so that when there isn't enough time to test everything (which is always: testing everything is impossible in all but the most trivial applications) I can be sure the critical test cases have been covered - and I can give a reasonable estimation of the risk of releasing without testing the areas that haven't been tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no single rule for how long something should take, and I doubt there ever will be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T12:39:00.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16987" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-12T12:42:35.150" Score="2" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found TestNG failing occasionally and when I started to investigate I found it has little test coverage. It looks like the test framework itself is poorly tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which other test execution frameworks for Java are better tested with unit tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T17:49:11.627" Title="Which test execution framework for Java has the highest test coverage?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2016-02-12T13:15:06.473" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are excellent real-time data dashboards like Geckoboard which can help you manage and report your test results, and that too in real-time. These can be integrated with project management tools like JIRA and you can create custom dashboards for management, and for your team with regular data feeds which will keep these updated, effectively freeing you from the hassle of test result management and reporting. As a technical writer for OnPath Testing, I have written this article on &lt;a href=&quot;https://onpathtesting.com/?s=geckoboard&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Geckoboard.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16571" LastEditorUserId="16571" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T12:35:17.140" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T12:35:17.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16987" CreationDate="2016-02-12T15:00:16.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never used it but I would be surprised to find out that the popular test framework TestNG is actually the source of your intermittent results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, if you want to use a different one I would recommend JUnit.&#xA;The interface is similar to TestNG (Annotation based) and I've never had a problem with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16443" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T15:00:16.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16789" CreationDate="2016-02-12T15:08:44.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a game with some bugs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=340&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://angryweasel.com/blog/?p=340&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T15:08:44.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16987" CreationDate="2016-02-12T17:49:11.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When talking about unit testing with java, then no one beats JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JUnit is the awesome unit testing framework and widely used in software companies. As compare to TestNG, JUnit is lightweight and faster. But almost same as TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestNG itself is extension of JUnit, and it has just added new features to JUnit. But much powerful then Junit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will suggest to go for JUnit, but still it is as same as TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another framework combination can be using JTest with JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jtest complements and extends JUnit. Jtest not only runs JUnit test cases, but also automatically designs and executes additional test cases that verify the code and increase test coverage. Moreover, Jtest automatically creates JUnit test class templates into which you can easily enter test cases, and exports Jtest test cases in JUnit-compatible format. It even enforces best practices for JUnit test classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T17:49:11.627" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16982" CreationDate="2016-02-12T18:05:12.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Might be your driver is not initialized in &lt;code&gt;landingpage.gotoProfile();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check in &lt;code&gt;gotoProfile()&lt;/code&gt; method if driver is initialized, properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Things you can try&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pass the &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;gotoProfile()&lt;/code&gt; method, as shown below&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;landingpage.gotoProfile(driver);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and accepting argument in gotoProfile method as bellow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void gotoProfile(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;// code of go to Profile&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While creating object of &lt;code&gt;analyticsLandingPage&lt;/code&gt; class pass the &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; as argument and write a constructor which will initialize the value of &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;analyticsLandingPage&lt;/code&gt; class, as shown below.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;analyticsLandingPage landingpage = new analyticsLandingPage(driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initialize driver value in &lt;code&gt;analyticsLandingPage&lt;/code&gt; class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class analyticsLandingPage {&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;public analyticsLandingPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;this.driver = driver;&#xA;}&#xA; // Rest of analyticsLandingPage code&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit Profile class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.tapanalytics.pom.domain;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;&#xA;import com.tapanalytics.config.Configuration;&#xA;&#xA;public class analyticsLandingPage {&#xA;&#xA;          WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;       public analyticsLandingPage(WebDriver driver){&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(xpath = Configuration.manage_dashboard)&#xA;public WebElement manage_dashboard;&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(xpath = Configuration.manage_services)&#xA;public WebElement manage_services;&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(xpath = Configuration.profile)&#xA;public WebElement profile;&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(xpath = Configuration.support)&#xA;public WebElement support;&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(xpath = Configuration.logout)&#xA;public WebElement logout;&#xA;&#xA;public void gotoMangeDashboards(){&#xA;    manage_dashboard.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void gotoServices(){&#xA;    manage_services.click();        &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void gotoProfile(){&#xA;    profile.click();    &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void gotoSupport(){&#xA;    support.click();    &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void Logout(){&#xA;    logout.click(); &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-12T19:38:39.647" LastActivityDate="2016-02-12T19:38:39.647" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="16996" CreationDate="2016-02-12T22:55:40.727" Score="3" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test frameworks help in test automation. However, as any software, they can and they do contain bugs. Just to give examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cbeust/testng/issues&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG issues&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;REST-Assured &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jayway/rest-assured/issues/637&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;issues&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/rest-assured&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mailing list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What metrics one should use to choose the framework that it credible and reliable? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test framework itself has high test/code coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reported bugs are fixed quickly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Framework is used widely in the domain similar to the one I want to use it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is easy to fix some bugs on my own (the code is clear, authors accepts contributions and bug fixes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-05-06T13:29:24.257" LastActivityDate="2019-05-06T13:29:24.257" Title="How to make sure test framework is reliable and credible?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="16995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17101" CreationDate="2016-02-12T23:06:21.903" Score="5" ViewCount="3890" Body="&lt;p&gt;This site contains many questions that are about finding the right locator expression (XPath, CSS, etc) for an object in WebPage or about troubleshooting problems related in invalid or dynamic locators. For instance: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/16698/how-to-find-the-xpath-locator-for-logout-button&quot;&gt;How to find the xpath locator for logout button?&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How one can find a good locator expression?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What tools can generate expressions matching a certain element automatically?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to troubleshoot such issues when element does not match expression?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:03:02.053" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T20:55:59.863" Title="How to generate good locators for elements in Web pages?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16994" CreationDate="2016-02-12T23:34:44.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;All useful software has bugs, and neither the length of the bug list nor the unit test code coverage will tell you whether a test framework meets your needs.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I work, groups use either JUnit or TestNG for Java unit testing.  We chose them because they are widely used, and so most of the common bugs -- the ones we are mostly likely to encounter -- have already been fixed.  Any common bugs that are not fixed are probably well-documented in release notes or in something like StackOverflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were selecting a unit-testing framework from scratch, I would consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it open-source? (binary metric)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the documentation adequate?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there lots of examples written by people other than the authors?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it easy to get answers to questions, preferably because someone else already asked them and answered them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When people answer questions about the framework, do they tend to sound satisfied with it, or do they sound angry/frustrated?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question specifically asked for metrics, and most of those points are not phrased quantitatively, but I think you could find ways to quantify most of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Op specifically wants to know whether test/code coverage will tell them anything about test framework reliability.  I would be concerned about a framework with no unit tests, but if I were comparing two frameworks that both had unit tests, I would be reluctant to choose one over the other based solely on which one had more test/code coverage.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-15T13:16:19.570" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T13:16:19.570" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16983" CreationDate="2016-02-13T06:32:03.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a static driver inside the test class; static WebDriver driver = null;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a single &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt;, which will initialize the driver to your desired browser, navigate to gmail and login.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; annotations for all the 4 cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove/comment out all other tags from those individual classes. Just have them as methods. Then call those methods from inside your &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally have a &lt;code&gt;@AfterClass&lt;/code&gt; to logout.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11816" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-14T15:51:01.073" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T15:51:01.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="16999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-13T06:51:54.400" Score="3" ViewCount="367" Body="&lt;p&gt;While there may be tons of remote work for developers/programmers, I don't see much for SDET positions being offered remotely. By remote I mean 100% working from home, and may not be located even within the same timezone where the company is domiciled. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where can I find remote jobs for SDETs? Is it possibly because it's not yet &quot;in&quot;, or needs to be co-located with the developers, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14726" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T16:29:33.050" Title="SDET working remotely" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;sdet&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16999" CreationDate="2016-02-13T09:12:14.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strongly opinionated answer:&#xA;For classic project work testers should be co-located to the developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even with today's communication facilities like chats and messengers personal contact on a day to day basis is vital for good test results e.g. Common understanding of requirements leads to fewer false positives &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless there is a trend to outsource testing activities via crowd / cloud testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can gain experience as a tester through platforms like &lt;a href=&quot;https://test.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test.io&lt;/a&gt; and earn a few bucks but I don't know if you can make a living.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T09:12:14.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16982" CreationDate="2016-02-13T09:33:19.570" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two issues with your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The first:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like you never apply the PageFactory on this class. Therefore, when trying the line &lt;code&gt;profile.click()&lt;/code&gt; the variable is null (because never initialized). Hence your exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution: add the following line like you did for the other classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;analyticsLandingPage landing = PageFactory.initElements(driver, analyticsLandingPage.class);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The second&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are currently creating a new object like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;analyticsLandingPage landingpage = new analyticsLandingPage();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you posted your class like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class analyticsLandingPage &#xA;{ &#xA;     WebDriver driver; &#xA;&#xA;     public analyticsLandingPage(WebDriver driver){ &#xA;          this.driver = driver; &#xA;     } &#xA;&#xA;     @FindBy(xpath = Configuration.profile) &#xA;     public WebElement profile; &#xA;&#xA;     public void gotoProfile(){ &#xA;         profile.click();   &#xA;     } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem&lt;/strong&gt;: you are calling the default constructor of the class, in which the driver variable does not get initialized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution&lt;/strong&gt;: make sure you pass the parameter so you call the custom constructor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;analyticsLandingPage landingpage = new analyticsLandingPage(driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T09:38:40.280" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T09:38:40.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16999" CreationDate="2016-02-13T11:16:27.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working remotely as a tester is certainly possible, however the key factor is knowledge and timing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tester should initially aim to get a greater understanding of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the business domain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the product and features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the current company direction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the current direction of features and bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the workflow for bugs and features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the personalities of developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conflict resolution over disagreements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get this understanding a tester benefits greatly from being a part of the development team, typically embedded within them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over time this &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; then transition to a more remote arrangement for a period of weeks or months.  There is still the downside of not getting exposure and interaction with the items mentioned above and over time you would tend to drift away from the company mission, culture, goals, etc.  Also people leave and join over time so your initial personal relationships wont last.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good arrangement can be to work mostly remotely but also be on-site for a fixed time each period, e.g. 1 day a week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If working 100% remotely you can also level the playing field with how you organize meetings.  For example if you have a daily stand-up and half the folks are remote on skype, consider the following: have all the on-site folks use private office and use skype as well and then everyone is a 'box' in skype and you've leveled the playing field and removed the 'in-office' vs 'remote' distinction.  Some calls these 'remote in-person meetings' or the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T11:16:27.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14246" CreationDate="2016-02-13T11:28:59.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Open source projects don't have special characteristics for manual testing.  They are the same as closed source.  You can pick any public website and apply these techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To improve manual testing skills, I suggest the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;think like a user not a developer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try and break things&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try and use as many different devices as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use emulators, virtual devices and remote testing services for different devices, e.g.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;android studio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;xcode simulator for iOS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parallels (my favorite)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Virtual Box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browserstack&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use the different browsers that users use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use a variety of data to test valid input for happy paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use invalid data to test sad paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try changing your system clock to the future / past / after midnight GMT locally.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use persona testing, e.g. angry, impatient, forgetful, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T11:28:59.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17004" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-13T13:12:24.680" Score="1" ViewCount="790" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I build a CSS locator for the &quot;Add Photos/Video&quot; link so I can perform a click event on it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ID is &lt;code&gt;js_42&lt;/code&gt; which varies and the class is &lt;code&gt;_$qtm_fb2ReactComposerAttachmentSelector_MEDIA&lt;/code&gt; which is not always unique on this page (depending on state) and is also kinda hard to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7EsqW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7EsqW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-11T15:26:26.233" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T20:50:15.460" Title="What CSS locator can I use when there is no good ID, Name or Class?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6581" CreationDate="2016-02-13T15:48:14.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to run selenium server before you execute your test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try following steps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Terminal / CMD.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to directory where your &lt;code&gt;selenium-server-standalone-2.33.0.jar&lt;/code&gt; is stored.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;E.g:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;cd /User/Documents/Selenium&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Execute following command to run the server&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.33.0.jar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will start selenium server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; You will require JRE to be installed to run jar files in your machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-13T16:57:17.677" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T16:57:17.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17006" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17010" CreationDate="2016-02-13T15:59:51.323" Score="1" ViewCount="3835" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have list of elements of specific type, I want to swipe one of this element right or left, How i can do this using appium ? &lt;br&gt; &#xA;I know i can use &lt;code&gt;driver.Swipe();&lt;/code&gt; to swipe in appium but how to use to swipe specific element ?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My list of elements is &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;var contacts = driver.FindElements(By.ClassName(&quot;android.widget.ImageView&quot;));&#xA;contacts[7].Click();&lt;/code&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;How can I swipe element &lt;code&gt;contacts[7]&lt;/code&gt; to right or left?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16639" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-14T02:25:50.820" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:22:38.107" Title="How to swipe specific element using appium?" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16387" CreationDate="2016-02-13T17:09:40.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you get match failures your environment is OK. Usually these errors are due to differences between your pattern and the screen image, possibly due to resolution changes or some such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can try another function which gives a smoother script flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;s.exists()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can let your script show where it matches to see if you are where you think you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;s.highlight()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use the script to capture the screen dump, use this to double-check/replace your pattern &quot;screenshot.jpg&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;file = s.capture(s.getBounds())&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above follows Python syntax. Look &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12156700/sikuli-in-java-how-do-i-capture-the-screenshots-png&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for a more Java specific hint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just generic hints. Without the actual error messages I have no idea what else you can try. Hope it helps, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-02-13T17:09:40.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9119" CreationDate="2016-02-13T18:52:04.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some special cases, what people are referring to as a test plan (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_plan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_plan&lt;/a&gt;) can also be described as a test strategy (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_strategy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_strategy&lt;/a&gt;). Also, I have seen definitions of Test Plans that could be the same as a Test Suite. That being said, the definitions according to the ISTQB Glossary of Terms are typically what should be used as described &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/9127/18767&quot;&gt;above&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16642" LastEditorUserId="30078" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T05:30:42.500" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T05:30:42.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17006" CreationDate="2016-02-13T20:31:31.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The code below is taken from the test suite for the Appium C# bindings.&#xA;Basically, you use the element's coordinates as a starting point for the swipe.&#xA;The only thing you need to know is the target coordinates for the swipe. Of course, if you just want to swipe in a specific direction you can hardcode the coordinates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test ()]&#xA;public void ComplexTouchActionTestCase ()&#xA;{&#xA;    IList&amp;lt;AppiumWebElement&amp;gt; els = driver.FindElementsByClassName (&quot;android.widget.TextView&quot;);&#xA;    var loc1 = els [7].Location;&#xA;    AppiumWebElement target = els[1];&#xA;    var loc2 = target.Location;&#xA;    driver.Swipe (loc1.X, loc1.Y, loc2.X, loc2.Y, 800); //this action includes almost all touch actions&#xA;    Assert.AreNotEqual(loc2.Y, target.Location.Y);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:22:38.107" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:22:38.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17011" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17012" CreationDate="2016-02-13T20:36:25.687" Score="2" ViewCount="1538" Body="&lt;p&gt;If folks use special characters in their names, e.g. names like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Amélie, Jôse, 王&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will test that we can store them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is whether people use these names on the web in the US?  Or do folks ignore the accents when typing?  You would need to go to some effort as a user to setup and use the special characters after all and I can imagine that a lot of sites can't handle special characters perhaps.  We collect names in order to give car insurance quotes and we also pass on the data to other providers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-23T22:59:27.600" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:45:52.263" Title="Are special characters in names commonplace enough to test for?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;internationalization&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17011" CreationDate="2016-02-14T09:36:16.210" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In short, &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt;. A bit longer a story:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;on the web in the US&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually there is no such thing. Worldwide is the name of the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;names like Amélie, Jôse, 王&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accents and such ARE important. People from France or Spain or Korea would have their own computer support for these special characters as a matter of course. They usually keep them when moving, for example, to the States. Your name is precious. Not all folks will adapt for easy acceptance while integrating in the new environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;car insurance quotes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best verify what the people in Quotes accept. There should be some guidelines. And in Invoices :-) Generic banking requirements may help here. Non-alphabetic character sets like 王 may be out for procedural reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;and we also pass on the data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also better check out what the receiving parties support. There SHOULD be something written down as it is beyond company borders. Or you can scrutinize what you, in turn, receive from them. Last resort, that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The technical side: Best keep names separate from the OS. So avoid filenames. Check/test database support settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T09:36:16.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17011" CreationDate="2016-02-14T13:08:42.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my knowledge there is no such thing if there is English language or keyword. For such characters it would go as a part of I18N testing depending on which level is important for project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16652" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T13:08:42.943" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-14T15:33:03.430" Score="2" ViewCount="1032" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get the following Exception using appium &lt;code&gt;An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command.&lt;/code&gt; when I run this code &lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Swipe(loc1.X, loc1.Y, loc1.X - 110, loc1.Y, 2000);&lt;/code&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;I use this line of code to swipe specific element to left, after done swipe to left I got this exception how I can solve it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my appium log &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;gt; info: [debug] Pushing command to appium work queue: [&quot;swipe&quot;,{&quot;startX&quot;:134,&quot;startY&quot;:646,&quot;endX&quot;:24,&quot;endY&quot;:646,&quot;steps&quot;:56}]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;action&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;swipe&quot;,&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;startX&quot;:134,&quot;startY&quot;:646,&quot;endX&quot;:24,&quot;endY&quot;:646,&quot;steps&quot;:56}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type ACTION&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command action: swipe&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Display bounds: [0,0][540,960]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Display bounds: [0,0][540,960]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Swiping from [x=134.0, y=646.0] to [x=24.0, y=646.0] with steps: 56&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;value&quot;:&quot;The swipe did not complete successfully&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:13}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;gt; info: [debug] Responding to client with error: {&quot;status&quot;:13,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;message&quot;:&quot;An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command.&quot;,&quot;origValue&quot;:&quot;The swipe did not complete successfully&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;3f8c0dc1-0b7f-4940-bd7d-8230c678008f&quot;}`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16639" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:31:41.290" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:31:41.290" Title="An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command while swipe" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16951" CreationDate="2016-02-14T21:57:54.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you asked two questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How many concurrent users do I need to support for minimum market viability?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no universal answer for that.  For a brand-new website in an niche market, 5 concurrent users may be enough.  For &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.websiteoptimization.com/speed/tweak/healthcare-gov-analysis/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the insurance enrollment website for the Affordable Care Act&lt;/a&gt;, the minimum number could be in hundreds of thousands.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible that your product owner may be able to give you that number.  More likely, here is what really happens: you deploy the site to production and watch whether it breaks.  If it does, someone works on making it faster.  That can be embarrassing for a national government or a major bank, but for a little start-up, it is a perfectly reasonable way to do things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, you really might want to find out about performance problems before you deploy to production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Starting without any guidelines, how do I measure performance?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is kind of like regression testing: you start by deciding on a set of paths through the system.  If you are testing an existing site, you may be able to use the access logs to figure out which actions happen the most.  If you are testing a new site, you don't have any users, so you have to guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some criteria you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Choose paths that all or most users are likely to use every time they visit the site.&lt;/strong&gt;  For example, a YouTube user is likely to search for videos and view videos every time they use the site.  They are unlikely to change their preferences every time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Choose paths that you expect to be server-intensive.&lt;/strong&gt;  If you know an action requires the server to do a lot of work, include.  If you know an action requires locking a resource, include that too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Choose paths that need to be fast.&lt;/strong&gt;  We would like for every action to happen instantaneously, but some actions are more important to be fast than others.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some test plans call for many users performing the same action at the same time, whereas others call for a random mix of actions. The former is easier to write than the latter, but in production, the actions will be random, so you should write your test that way too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-02-14T21:57:54.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17019" CreationDate="2016-02-15T07:16:59.673" Score="0" ViewCount="14475" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Our application while testing Manually we clear Cookies (&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;Shift&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;Del&lt;/kbd&gt;),&#xA;How can I automate this step?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: We are using Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9020" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-15T10:27:58.973" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T10:27:58.973" Title="How to Clear Cookies in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17017" CreationDate="2016-02-15T07:20:36.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Selenium methods to clear the cookies.Here is the example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T07:20:36.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17017" CreationDate="2016-02-15T07:31:32.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can delete cookies using cookiename and all cookies alltogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To delete a particular cookie , use this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed(cookiename);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python version of this method is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.delete_cookie(cookiename)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To delete all cookies at once&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python version for the same above is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.delete_all_cookies()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are same for all browsers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T07:31:32.490" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17085" CreationDate="2016-02-15T07:37:50.313" Score="5" ViewCount="25261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to side step the dialog box and upload a file using the sendKeys method but it doesn't seem to work. Is anything wrong with the following code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;String filename = &quot;test.txt&quot;;&#xA;File file = new File(filename);       &#xA;String path = file.getAbsolutePath();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.megafileupload.com/&quot;);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;i.fa.fa-upload&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div[class=internal] i.entypo-upload&quot;)).sendKeys(path);&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;button.btn.btn-green.btn-lg&quot;)).click(); //upload button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastActivityDate="2020-05-18T04:46:11.830" Title="Upload a file in Selenium Webdriver using sendKeys" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17023" CreationDate="2016-02-15T07:39:40.603" Score="30" ViewCount="151809" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I automate &quot;Enter CAPTCHA&quot; using Selenium WebDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9020" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T02:58:11.410" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T07:47:35.573" Title="How to fill CAPTCHA using Test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="13" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-02-15T07:47:12.850" Score="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You don't&lt;/strong&gt;, that is the whole idea behind a good &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAPTCHA&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CAPTCHA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CAPTCHA stands for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, by definition, resolving a CAPTCHA cannot be automated: Otherwise, it could not tell computers and humans apart and hence fails to be a CAPTCHA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to handle a CAPTCHA in a &lt;strong&gt;test environment&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need to test an application which uses CAPTCHA, then you need to get the development team to build in a workaround/backdoor which is only active in the test environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a service like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.deathbycaptcha.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.deathbycaptcha.com&lt;/a&gt; which has an API to return the text of the CAPTCHA for you. The average response is 15 seconds with a result rate of 90% or so they say. Sounds like something to try.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2019-04-18T07:47:35.573" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T07:47:35.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17025" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-15T08:09:02.370" Score="2" ViewCount="6815" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my application I am supposed to test/fetch the data  and contents of the E-Mail received after triggering the Schedule.&#xA;How can I automate this scenario using Selenium web-driver ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9020" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T13:22:01.950" Title="Automation - Testing the Contents in EMail" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-02-15T08:37:19.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're trying to automate a CAPTCHA like Google reCAPTCHA, well, you just can't. Simple reason being the CAPTCHA code is updated and added to very frequently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may be able to automate some other CAPTCHA that use a limited database. Such CAPTCHA will have a limited number of code. You can somehow make a list of all the available codes and their IDs. I'm sure they'll have some sort of unique identification. Once you have that data, while automating it you can fetch the ID of the captcha being called, search in your list and filling in the value associated with that CAPTCHA in the text field. I remember this being told to me by Santhosh Tuppad a couple of years ago. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To automate modules that make use of CAPTCHA field you can,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask your development team to remove the CAPTCHA field on the test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask them to make a sandbox like CAPTCHA, that will accept a single input text every time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask them to make a working model sandbox of the CAPTCHA, where each time the CAPTCHA text will be generated dynamically, but the same text will also be inserted in the text field or there is some way for you to know the text field generated, so that you can insert that in the text field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="2519" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T18:02:55.723" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T18:02:55.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-02-15T08:51:49.727" Score="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;We cannot automate CAPTCHA, as it is not meant to be automatized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to deal with CAPTCHA?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Either ask dev team for a workaround, like configure CAPTCHA &lt;strong&gt;in test environment&lt;/strong&gt; in such a way it will always accept 1 specific value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask developer to disable the CAPTCHA module &lt;strong&gt;in testing environment&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your are using custom CAPTCHA module, you can ask developer to generate an API of CAPTCHA generation &lt;strong&gt;for testing environment&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can ask dev team to add CAPTCHA code as &lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt; in markup, then you can access this title and bypass the CAPTCHA, &lt;strong&gt;but only in the testing environment&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the time we go with option 1 or 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt; When you do work around for CAPTCHA in test environment, You should always have this point in your checklist to make sure workarounds for CAPTCHA testing are removed before it goes on production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T20:48:57.560" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T20:48:57.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17011" CreationDate="2016-02-15T08:56:10.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, people will use there proper names on the web. People may use accented characters. Certain names, specially last names also have an apostrophe, for example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O'Neil, O'Connor, O'Brian&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in U.S. or otherwise. Many a times there also suffix like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Jr.&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Sr.&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;III&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;IV&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these are valid names including the one you mention in your question. People will definitely use the names as they are on the web regardless of their location. You need to make sure that you have defined proper quality criteria depending on your expected user-base and verify that your software meets them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy Testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2021-02-26T07:45:52.263" LastActivityDate="2021-02-26T07:45:52.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17025" CreationDate="2016-02-15T09:03:30.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To automate Email, you can use javax mail API for fetching the email from the inbox or any other folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the function for fetching an email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private Message getEmail(String emailID, String password, String subjectToBeSearched) throws Exception {&#xA;Properties props = System.getProperties();&#xA;props.setProperty(&quot;mail.store.protocol&quot;, &quot;imaps&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);&#xA;Store store = session.getStore(&quot;imaps&quot;);&#xA;store.connect(&quot;imap.gmail.com&quot;, emailID, password);&#xA;&#xA;Folder folder = store.getFolder(&quot;INBOX&quot;);&#xA;folder.open(Folder.READ_WRITE);&#xA;&#xA;Message[] messages = null;&#xA;boolean mailFound = false;&#xA;Message email = null;&#xA;&#xA;for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 30; i++) {&#xA;    messages = folder.search(new SubjectTerm(subjectToBeSearched), folder.getMessages());&#xA;    if (messages.length == 0) {&#xA;        Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;for (Message mail : messages) {&#xA;    if (!mail.isSet(Flags.Flag.SEEN)) {&#xA;        email = mail;&#xA;        mailFound = true;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;if (!mailFound) {&#xA;    throw new Exception(&quot;Could not found Email&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;return email;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can call this function by passing email Id and Password, It will return you an email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can perform various operation on the return object, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public verifyEmail() throws Exception {&#xA;Message email = getEmail(emailID, password, &quot;Subject of Email to be &#xA;&#xA;searched&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(email.getAllRecipients());&#xA;System.out.println(email.getContent());&#xA;System.out.println(email.getSubject());&#xA;&#xA;// and many more functions&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the link to download the javax mail API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail/1.4.7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail/1.4.7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or you can use maven dependency&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;javax.mail&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;mail&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.4.7&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T09:03:30.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17020" CreationDate="2016-02-15T09:23:47.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;sendKeys();&lt;/code&gt; function works only in some scenarios, you have following other options to deal with upload scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use AutoIT tool for upload, but this works only for windows machine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use ROBOT class of java for upload function, ROBOT class simulates the actual keyboard functions. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following is the code using ROBOT class:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class UploadFile {&#xA;&#xA;Property prop = new Property();&#xA;&#xA;/*&#xA; *  Funtion to set the value in clipboard&#xA; */&#xA;private static void setClipboardData(String string) {&#xA;    // StringSelection is a class that can be used for copy and paste&#xA;    // operations.&#xA;    StringSelection stringSelection = new StringSelection(string);&#xA;    Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(stringSelection, null);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;/*&#xA; *  Function to upload the file using robot class&#xA; */&#xA;public void upload(String fileLocation) throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    // Setting clipboard with file location&#xA;    setClipboardData(fileLocation);&#xA;&#xA;    // native key strokes for CTRL, V and ENTER keys&#xA;    Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;    switch (prop.get(&quot;GlobalConfig.os&quot;).toLowerCase()) { // Pass your OS platform name here, I am using properties file where OS name is saved you can as a string.&#xA;&#xA;    case &quot;mac&quot;:&#xA;&#xA;        if (!prop.get(&quot;GlobalConfig.browser&quot;).equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;chrome&quot;)) { // In mac machine for chrome you need to switch focus to upload dialog again I have saved browser name in properties file you can pass it as string.&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);&#xA;        }&#xA;        robot.delay(2000);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_SHIFT);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_G);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_SHIFT);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_G);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        robot.delay(2000);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        break;&#xA;&#xA;    case &quot;windows&quot;:&#xA;&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;        break;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T12:48:18.307" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T12:48:18.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-15T11:08:37.290" Score="1" ViewCount="10237" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know it would be good idea. So I am looking for PROS and CONS of making Selenium Framework using Spring Framework. I have not come across a single forum/post/tutorial about this idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If its good idea, I am also looking for getting started doc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T21:31:13.767" Title="Spring framework to write Selenium Automation framework" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-23T23:03:34.113" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16166" CreationDate="2016-02-15T12:36:46.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Record a script for single user then pass the CSV data to the script and configure no of user in Thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record a Script of Login in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a CSV with of 2 columns username and password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create CSV data config by right clicking on Thread.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ifoal.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ifoal.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide filename of csv, In variables name give &lt;code&gt;username,password&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In delimiter add &lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iEblA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iEblA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then add the variable's name in your sampler.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rMNbd.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rMNbd.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you add number of users in Thread&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4TIoE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4TIoE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-15T12:45:56.133" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T12:45:56.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17037" CreationDate="2016-02-15T13:39:28.867" Score="3" ViewCount="1094" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been given the task of coming up with a tehnical test/interview questions for a tester position within our company.  We've never had a dedicated tester before so I have no idea what to ask!&#xA;All testing has previously been done by the developers and the users.&#xA;What do I need to ask the candidates and what are good/bad answers.&#xA;Do scenario based tests work well with testers?&#xA;Ideally, we'd like this person to automate some of the testing as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This position is at mid-senior position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16666" LastEditorUserId="16666" LastEditDate="2016-02-15T13:59:07.250" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T20:35:47.277" Title="Interview questions" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17035" CreationDate="2016-02-15T13:54:48.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it's your first time for testing interview, you can try following things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Give him/her a application with known bugs to test, and check if he can find bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask him/her basic Testing questions and Testing terms like, regression testing, smoke testing, sanity testing etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Give him/her scenarios and ask him to write the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check if he/she has already used any bug tracking tools, you can search for question on bug tracking tools like JIRA, Bugzilla, Testlink etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask him/her about past project and contribution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try asking him/her about interesting bugs found by him in his experience.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T13:54:48.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17035" CreationDate="2016-02-15T14:09:26.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You need to come up with your own questions&lt;/strong&gt;, because the ones you get on the Internet tend to already have canned answers on the Internet. (Interview candidates read this site too.) Presumably you want your candidate to give you an answer they've thought about, not just something they memorized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You need to be specific about what you want&lt;/strong&gt;, and that should drive your questions and your hiring decisions. Manual testing and automated testing are two different skill sets, and automated testing can mean a lot of different things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For manual testing, I like to ask broad questions that don't have single, correct answers, because testing is as much a way of thinking as it is the application of domain-specific knowledge.  To reduce bias, you should vet the questions ahead of time, and discuss what kinds of answers you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automated testing, the questions depend on the kind of automation you are interested in.  You might need to decide whether UI automation is important to you.  Decide whether you want them to write unit tests, or other tests that use the same programming language that you use for the product.  Decide whether you want them to write performance tests.  It isn't enough to say, &quot;I want them to be able to do anything.&quot;.  You probably won't find generalist who wants to test, so you need to prioritize what you want from them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have priorities, you may be able to apply what you know about interviewing developers to interviewing a test person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Broad questions with no single, clear answer are good for automation candidates too.  Again, you should vet the questions ahead of time, and you should decide what kinds of answers you are looking for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T14:09:26.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17035" CreationDate="2016-02-15T14:26:55.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your description I am getting three important points &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need an experienced person (mid-senior level)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to build QA Process from scratch (no dedicated tester)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You want him to start with Automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that you have the requirement for your company, you need to build your interview around this, and judge the candidate on how much would they be able to achieve the three main goals that you have put.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot give you the exact questions- because I think it is something that depends on requirements within the company. However, if I were to interview this person, I would ask questions related to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;His Previous projects and level of automation he did in them ( I will have a general idea how well versed he is with automation). As such I am covering point 1 and 3 from my above list.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If he has a good level of Automation exposure, I would like him to design a dummy Test Framework for any app- it may be your product. I would like him to break it down to me so that I can understand it. As such I will be able to check how well he would be fit for 2.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Since this person would be hired at a mid-senior level, I would assume that he should be well versed with the concept of working in a team. You can ask him questions around this. How would he resolve a conflict between QA and Devs. I would give him a situation and would like him to come up with best solution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you have requirements with you, you can ask him to analyse a portion of that and come up with testing estimation/efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Risk Analysis- How good is he is in this section.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bug Management and Analysis- How good is he in bug management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;At some point, he should be ready (if not already), to coach junior members of a team. I would include some questions to test how would he go about this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rest is upon your imagination. You can include N numbers of scenarios to test his technical competence- like his knowledge of build process, Continuous Integration etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T14:26:55.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16154" CreationDate="2016-02-15T14:59:12.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you check &lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org/reference/stable/running-stories.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jbehave.org/reference/stable/running-stories.html&lt;/a&gt;? It has code sample for running jbehave stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16669" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T14:59:12.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14704" CreationDate="2016-02-15T15:08:41.080" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jenkins parameters can be set as environment variables, you can write a wrapper which based on the environment variables sets up the testing environment. Refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10625259/how-to-set-environment-variables-in-jenkins/10626193#10626193&quot;&gt;How to set environment variables in Jenkins?&lt;/a&gt; for setting environment variables in Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Java source code you can read these environment variables something like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.Map;&#xA;&#xA;public class EnvMap {&#xA;    public static void main (String[] args) {&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt; env = System.getenv();&#xA;        for (String envName : env.keySet()) {&#xA;            System.out.format(&amp;quot;%s=%s%n&amp;quot;,&#xA;                              envName,&#xA;                              env.get(envName));&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the environment variable setup the selenium desirable capabilities like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;desiredCapabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;browser&amp;quot;, browserName);&#xA;        desiredCapabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;browser_version&amp;quot;, browserVersion);&#xA;        desiredCapabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;os&amp;quot;, operatingSystem);&#xA;        desiredCapabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;os_version&amp;quot;, OSVersion); &#xA;        desiredCapabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;resolution&amp;quot;, screenResolution);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16669" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T08:22:21.923" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T08:22:21.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8811" CreationDate="2016-02-15T15:12:56.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like you are missing story steps, if this is based on JBehave then you need to exactly match the step definition in the story/feature file and to that in the java story steps. Even an extra space at the end can cause the step to be marked pending.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16669" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-15T17:40:22.583" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T17:40:22.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17046" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17149" CreationDate="2016-02-15T15:30:26.780" Score="2" ViewCount="956" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a form that accepts zipcode&#xA;It has quite a big field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It accepts &lt;code&gt;90210&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It rejects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;902&#xA;&#xA;902111&#xA;&#xA;902-aaa&#xA;&#xA;aaabbbccc&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it also rejects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;90210-1234&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/g9dLD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/g9dLD.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I consider this a bug?&#xA;Is it reasonable to expect a (small) number of people will want to be able to enter their full 9 digit zip code. Even if it's a small number, say 1%, should we allow it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use the zip code to store insurance information so we can give quotes from insurers and quote services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-23T23:00:54.957" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T23:00:54.957" Title="Should I consider a valid 9 digit zip code failure to be a bug?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;validation&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;&lt;form&gt;&lt;input-field&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-02-15T16:46:36.603" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As other posters explained, whole point of CAPTCHA is that recognition cannot be automated with our current pattern recognition programs. Even as AI algorithms solving pattern recognition will improve, new CAPTCHA will be developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what you need is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.troyhunt.com/2012/01/breaking-captcha-with-automated-humans.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;automated humans&lt;/a&gt; - a web service which outsources solving CAPTCHA, for like $1 per 1000 CAPTCHA solved. You post image to the service API, real humans in some country with cheap labor solve them within seconds, and send you answer back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long live human ingenuity!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T16:46:36.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17048" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17105" CreationDate="2016-02-15T16:54:13.267" Score="1" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Software Engineer I want to create software that contains accessibility for people with disabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been making modifications so that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.freedomscientific.com/Products/Blindness/JAWS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JAWS&lt;/a&gt; correctly reads all the fields in my interface. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Testers use JAWS to test accessibility, but I wonder if JAWS really is the baseline that we should be utilizing for screen reader accessibility?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, then which screen reader should we be using for testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16673" LastEditorUserId="16673" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T15:37:42.567" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T17:31:00.097" Title="Standard for accessiblity testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17046" CreationDate="2016-02-15T17:00:50.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is definitely a bug, unless your requirements mention that ZIP extension should be ignored. So talk to your customer how to handle it. One possibility is to silently strip the extension if you don't need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T17:00:50.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17033" CreationDate="2016-02-15T17:06:12.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It does not make sense. Spring is MVC framework for web applications. Browser automation using Selenium does not care about MVC pattern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most important pattern for browser automation would be Page Object. Google will give you many ideas, I mentioned many times in my answers too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T17:06:12.530" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17011" CreationDate="2016-02-15T17:10:33.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. If you deal with international audience, use Unicode. People outside of USA routinely use native keyboards with special characters, especially when they copy-paste info to your forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T17:10:33.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16999" CreationDate="2016-02-15T17:22:15.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Remote work is IMHO sub-optimal for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;communication is slower, so productivity is lower.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;communication via phone or chat is much more narrow channel, missing body language, which inevitable will lead to miscommunication and misunderstanding (which are slower to resolve because of the narrow channel)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;on-site, it is trivial to walk to your colleague workstation and point something on a screen and talk about it. Remotely, you need to schedule a session with shared screen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;many of your customers are experts in business rules, not in cloud based communication, and for them it is unnecessary hassle and source of annoyances. They are on the business premises (to effectively communicate with other parties), why not you?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless your skills are so rare (or rates so low) that business will be willing to put up with all those hassles, they will prefer to have you on-site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T17:22:15.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17046" CreationDate="2016-02-15T17:23:30.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It totally depends on users of your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your users are from specific country then your test scenarios should be according to zip number used in the country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application is open to any country then you have to test accordingly. So ideally it totally depends on the locations of users your application is targeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the link which shows you valid and invalid zip code of different countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://formvalidation.io/validators/zipCode/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://formvalidation.io/validators/zipCode/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T17:23:30.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-02-15T17:51:17.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are tools and services to accomplish this, 75% of the time.  The question reminded me of a piece of software called JDownloader, a download manager with CAPTCHA bypass abilities.  According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://board.jdownloader.org/showthread.php?t=44803&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;their thread on the topic&lt;/a&gt;, they support many services in addition to their own automated OCR tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some services they use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.9kw.eu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;9kw.eu&lt;/a&gt; - credit exchange service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://captchabrotherhood.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Captcha Brotherhood&lt;/a&gt; - credit exchange and OCR&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imagetyperz.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ImageTypers&lt;/a&gt; - pay-to-solve service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://deathbycaptcha.eu/user/login&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Death By Captcha&lt;/a&gt; - pay-to-solve, OCR, and API manipulation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their tool, JAntiCaptcha, &lt;a href=&quot;https://searchcode.com/codesearch/view/34622293/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in SearchCode&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on your language, integrating one service or another may be more challenging, so be sure to do your research.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16678" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T17:51:17.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-02-15T18:24:46.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am presuming that you want to create automation for validating CAPTCHA, &amp;amp; you are familiar with automation with Databases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Captcha is same concept in terms of generating automatically like OTP.&#xA;It has been generating in back end and some scripting mechanism used to wrap those codes in to configuration which can be identify by human , only .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So In order to automate testing of it you can divide into two parts , one is automation using just getting back end CAPTCHA Data and store in variable and validate by inputting into captcha block using webDrviver &amp;amp; pass that captcha challenge. while other practice you need to verifying that captcha to be solve its purpose for human readable form only , you need to do manual testing for verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12697" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T18:24:46.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17035" CreationDate="2016-02-15T20:24:42.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In  addition to answer by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/17037/7552&quot;&gt;user246&lt;/a&gt;, best way to probe a candidate is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.career.vt.edu/interviewing/behavioral.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;behavioral interviewing &lt;/a&gt;, especially for non-entry position. Ask open-ended questions, asking to describe conflict situation from your candidate experience, how s/he reacted and what s/he learned. Like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;describe situation when you had tight deadline and was under pressure to release code even if candidate would prefer more testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how they handled regression bugs at previous job&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;experience with dedicated QA testing environment (as compared to [shrug] releasing from DEV to PROD)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if they have experience with agile/scrum/waterfall/whatever approach you use, with any specifics (documenting government contract requirements come to mind), with examples &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;balancing interests of multiple parties, when some internal customers are responsible and collaborate to create valid test and some need more prodding to do so, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With such open-ended question, experienced candidate should be able to talk from own experience for a while. And fakes should be easier to spot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T20:35:47.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-02-15T20:43:26.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can I automate, 'Enter CAPTCHA' using Selenium Web Driver ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Presumably you don't really want to test the CAPTCHA feature, you just want your automation to go past that portion of your application, so that you can test the remainder using automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that's the case, you need to get your developers to give you a &quot;back-door&quot; - basically a test-only version of the page that will let you bypass the CAPTCHA feature and continue on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talk to your developers. Explain your predicament. Ask them to propose a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past, I've had developers give me a &quot;replacement&quot; page for testing. It omitted the CAPTCHA but contained everything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2016-02-15T20:43:26.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15824" CreationDate="2016-02-15T23:20:30.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like your company is actually doing a lot of integration tests with a unit test framework which is in your case MS Test. There is absolutely nothing wrong with this approach. However I regularly observe that discussions about unit testing get into a wrong direction when there is not a clear understanding of unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of resources explaining what unit tests actually are. In a nutshell, in object-oriented languages, it is a test of a method with as less dependencies as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that the code base consist of rather large classes with one &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest()&lt;/code&gt; method which calls private or internal utility methods. Under these circumstances (and the factors you described) testing those utility methods is closer to unit testing. You should have a lot of them. Testing &lt;code&gt;ProcessRequest()&lt;/code&gt; methods are closer to integration tests and you should have a representative amount of them on top of many unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16685" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T01:54:55.620" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T01:54:55.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17059" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-16T03:48:45.897" Score="1" ViewCount="1522" Body="&lt;p&gt;I observed fluent wait not identifying an element even though page is loaded completely and element is visible on the screen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an example, I have an application with say page A and page B. On clicking continue button on page A, user navigates to page B where I am trying to identify a button Webelement by waiting 60 secs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though page is loaded completely and button is present on page B, I see webdriver keep on polling to identify webelement and fails at the end with NoSuchElementException. If I add a sleep for 5 secs and perform same action, script is working fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anybody faced the same problem and found a solution to deal with such problem. Any help in this matter would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16687" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T07:45:53.567" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T08:44:38.160" Title="Fluent Wait not working as expected" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17059" CreationDate="2016-02-16T06:02:44.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using Explicit wait, explicit wait will resolve your issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20); &#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;&amp;lt;your xpath&amp;gt;&quot;))));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then perform action on the element, this code will keep polling until element is found for &lt;code&gt;20 secs&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T06:02:44.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2102" CreationDate="2016-02-16T06:57:15.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check out Zephyr for JIRA (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getzephyr.com/products/test-management-add-ons-for-atlassian/zephyr-for-jira-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.getzephyr.com/products/test-management-add-ons-for-atlassian/zephyr-for-jira-server&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Zephyr you can clone test cases into multiple projects in JIRA, though its cumbersome. For something similar like in my last project which was web based services provider in multiple countries with two projects one for France and other for all international sites I had relied upon google spreadsheets with a master test cases sheet and two spreadsheets (France and International) referring to the master test cases. That way a change in master sheet reflected  on both the spread sheets. Refer to the article &lt;a href=&quot;https://onpathtesting.com/manage-regression-testing-with-spreadsheets/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://onpathtesting.com/manage-regression-testing-with-spreadsheets/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16669" LastEditorUserId="16669" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T13:50:31.230" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T13:50:31.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2016-02-16T07:32:55.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For test management we are primarily using google spreadsheets, we push the results from our test runs to the spreadsheet where we analyze it. Please check out this article &lt;a href=&quot;http://onpathtesting.com/manage-regression-testing-with-spreadsheets/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Managing Regression using spreadsheets&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also frameworks which provide reports like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fitnesse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16669" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T07:32:55.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7535" CreationDate="2016-02-16T09:08:09.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the excellent example of bug severity and bug priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/21aRl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/21aRl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T09:08:09.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17068" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-16T12:22:48.320" Score="0" ViewCount="506" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to work with cookies in my project, I don't know what will be the Test Scenario and Test Cases for it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="14567" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T12:53:24.387" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T20:18:19.533" Title="Test Scenario for cookies in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-12T05:52:18.917" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17068" CreationDate="2016-02-16T12:52:12.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can try following scenarios:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disabling cookies:&lt;/strong&gt; Disable all cookies and attempt to use the site's major functions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Corrupting cookies:&lt;/strong&gt; Manually edit the cookie in notepad and change the parameters with some random values&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cookies encryption:&lt;/strong&gt; Sensitive information like passwords and usernames should be encrypted before it is sent to our computer&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cookie testing with multiple browser:&lt;/strong&gt; Check your website page is writing &#xA;the cookies properly on different browser as expected&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Checking the deletion from your web application page:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selectively rejecting cookies:&lt;/strong&gt; Delete all the cookies for the websites and see how the website reacts to it&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Access to cookies:&lt;/strong&gt; Cookies written by one website should not be accessible by others&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No overuse of cookies:&lt;/strong&gt; If the application under test is a public website, there should not be overuse of cookies&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing with different setting:&lt;/strong&gt; Testing should be done properly to check that website is working well with different cookie setting&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Categorize cookies separately:&lt;/strong&gt; Cookies should not be kept in the same category of the viruses, spam or spyware&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;- Source guru99&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T12:57:24.417" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T12:57:24.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17071" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-16T17:48:34.743" Score="1" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;I Configured a windows application using Application Configuration Tool. Then I did the recording and when I play back the Application is opening fine but the script after that is not running. When I try to debug some times it is identifying and running the script but some times it is not running right after opening the application. It should put the credentials and login to the application. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;If I debug the script and keep pressing &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cntrl&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;strong&gt;F8&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; some times it is running. Some times it is not running. If not debugging it is not running at all after opening the application. Do anyone know why? I inserted Delay also but still the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        StartApp(&quot;Application Name&quot;)&#xA;        Delay(10000)&#xA;        UserEditText().Click(AtPoint(55, 12))&#xA;        Delay(10000)&#xA;        LogonToApplication().InputChars(&quot;UserName&quot;)&#xA;        PwdEditText().Click(AtPoint(107,7))&#xA;        LogonToApplication().InputKeys(&quot;Password&quot;)&#xA;        OKButton().Click()   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--- In the screenshot I attached. In the Playback the script it is showing is just &lt;code&gt;UserEditText().Click&lt;/code&gt; not the exact script with the co-ordinates which is &lt;code&gt;UserEditText().Click(AtPoint(55, 12))&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that a problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PO1rk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PO1rk.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditDate="2020-01-28T12:57:19.747" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T12:57:19.747" Title="Configuring Windows Application in RFT" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17072" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-16T18:21:02.977" Score="1" ViewCount="2927" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have to upload a document, and the popup for file explorer loads and my code can find the document I need, but how do I then switch back to my original browser?&#xA;Here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        driver.SwitchTo().ActiveElement().SendKeys(&quot;C:\\Users\\Saurav\\Downloads\\GGPrezi.pptx&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is able to select the document but now I need to get back to the original browser, how do I do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16706" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T14:40:42.070" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T07:47:02.510" Title="Handling Popup using selenium - how to switch back on parent window from child?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17072" CreationDate="2016-02-16T18:25:54.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you need to use &lt;code&gt;driver.switch_to.default_content()&lt;/code&gt;. I am not sure but the Java version of webdriver should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T18:25:54.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17059" CreationDate="2016-02-16T18:34:14.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to set the Timeout and PollingInterval for WebDriverWait. It is likely doing exactly what it is set to do by default. Also, check to be sure that the element is enabled at the same time it is visible. If the visibility triggers before the enabled, then it might result in a interaction before it is able.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16064" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T18:34:14.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17076" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-16T18:54:32.523" Score="1" ViewCount="769" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience with using Geb and Cucumber in testing Native Apps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to figure out why I cant use the Geb Page object in my tests. Seems to time out on me and throw the following ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Caused by: geb.error.UndefinedAtCheckerException: No at checker has been defined for page class geb.Page.&#xA;    at geb.Page.verifyThisPageAtOnly(Page.groovy:231)&#xA;    at geb.Page.verifyAt(Page.groovy:182)&#xA;    at geb.Browser.methodMissing(Browser.groovy:207)&#xA;    at com.pages.Workflows$_navigate_closure1$_closure3.doCall(Workflows.groovy:29)&#xA;    at com.pages.Workflows$_navigate_closure1$_closure3.doCall(Workflows.groovy)&#xA;    at geb.waiting.Wait.waitFor(Wait.groovy:127)&#xA;    at geb.waiting.Wait$waitFor.call(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at geb.waiting.DefaultWaitingSupport.doWaitFor(DefaultWaitingSupport.groovy:51)&#xA;    at geb.waiting.DefaultWaitingSupport.this$2$doWaitFor(DefaultWaitingSupport.groovy)&#xA;    at geb.waiting.DefaultWaitingSupport.waitFor(DefaultWaitingSupport.groovy:38)&#xA;    at geb.waiting.WaitingSupport$waitFor.call(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at geb.Page.waitFor(Page.groovy:506)&#xA;    at geb.Page.waitFor(Page.groovy)&#xA;    at geb.Browser.methodMissing(Browser.groovy:207)&#xA;    at geb.Browser.invokeMethod(Browser.groovy)&#xA;    at com.pages.Workflows$_navigate_closure1.doCall(Workflows.groovy:29)&#xA;    at com.pages.Workflows$_navigate_closure1.doCall(Workflows.groovy)&#xA;    at geb.Browser.drive(Browser.groovy:1047)&#xA;    at geb.Browser$drive$1.callStatic(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at geb.Browser.drive(Browser.groovy:1017)&#xA;    at geb.Browser$drive$0.call(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at com.pages.Workflows.navigate(Workflows.groovy:27)&#xA;    at com.pages.Workflows$navigate.call(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at com.stepDefs.LoginPageSteps$_run_closure3.doCall(LoginPageSteps.groovy:51)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.groovy.GroovyBackend.invoke(GroovyBackend.java:155)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.groovy.GroovyStepDefinition$1.call(GroovyStepDefinition.java:71)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Timeout.timeout(Timeout.java:13)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.groovy.GroovyStepDefinition.execute(GroovyStepDefinition.java:68)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.StepDefinitionMatch.runStep(StepDefinitionMatch.java:37)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runStep(Runtime.java:299)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.StepContainer.runStep(StepContainer.java:44)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.StepContainer.runSteps(StepContainer.java:39)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberScenario.run(CucumberScenario.java:44)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberFeature.run(CucumberFeature.java:165)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.run(Runtime.java:121)&#xA;    at cucumber.api.cli.Main.run(Main.java:36)&#xA;    at cucumber.api.cli.Main.main(Main.java:18)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus may be a result of how I am implementing this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16708" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T13:41:43.223" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T17:39:58.497" Title="Geb - getting &quot;No at checker has been defined for page class geb.Page.&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;geb&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-07-05T21:28:55.957" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17033" CreationDate="2016-02-16T19:05:44.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simple pattern of separation of concerns is vital to any testing framework. MVC is simply a form of separation for web pages.&#xA;In a testing framework, you should have unit tests for the controller components and Selenium tests for the Page components. You should also have unit tests for any access functionality. How you choose to organize this depends more on the needs of the project and less on the fact that it uses MVC.&#xA;Perhaps a better scenario is such:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Framework:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Teardown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reporting (Local, DB, etc...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Controller Methods&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Access Methods&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any services the site interacts with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anything else that is supposed to be very fast to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Page as an object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Components of page as an object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anything else that is slow &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might study the paradigms of model based testing or data driven testing and how you might implement them to separate the concerns of the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16064" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T19:05:44.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16995" CreationDate="2016-02-16T19:07:14.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Chrome: Inspect element -&gt; Copy -&gt; Copy XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T19:07:14.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17011" CreationDate="2016-02-16T21:43:40.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes! We are an international company that builds HR software which impacts employees' hours, paychecks and payroll - testing for special characters is not optional. I highly suggest you always include special characters in test data such as names, especially when communicating with a device such as mobile or exporting data to another program, such as MS Excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T21:43:40.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16995" CreationDate="2016-02-16T21:44:35.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of guidelines that will help you in choosing good, reliable, reusable, maintainable selectors.  Simply inspecting an element and copying its xpath is one of the worst approaches.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When selecting an element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't overspecify thus 'hard-coding' to the current layout and presentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't underspecify wuth selectors that aren't unique or specific enough&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do use css ID fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't use ID's that are used for data ID's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prefer avoiding using layout tags such as &lt;code&gt;table&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;tr&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;td&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prefer avoiding style tags such as &lt;code&gt;b&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider using data-element attributes, e.g. &lt;code&gt;data-last-name&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;data-first-name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOT-SO-GOOD&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;body table tr tr td td td span span table tr td td td div   # Way Too specific&#xA;                             (this is what browser examine xpath might give you)&#xA;&#xA;body table tr tr td td td   # Still too specific&#xA;span                        # Too unspecific&#xA;div[@id=942]                # Uses data id&#xA;div span b a#first_auto     # Uses layout&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BETTER&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.autos #auto li&#xA;.insurance_company li[data-primary-vehicle]&#xA;.vehicle .model div.primary&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the benefits listed above you can also see that using the 'BETTER' selectors would lead to more human-readable tests as the selectors used are very descriptive of the data they are manipulating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tools you should use are the various built-in or add-on DOM inspection tools (like firebug for firefox for example) that let you look at the source.  The most important step is you figuring out what parts of the path you see and how to use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For trouble-shooting, use the console to try and select parts of the path.  For example if the path is &lt;code&gt;.autos #auto li&lt;/code&gt; you can try using the console to select &lt;code&gt;.autos&lt;/code&gt; and then &lt;code&gt;.autos #auto&lt;/code&gt; and then &lt;code&gt;.autos #auto li&lt;/code&gt; to see which are valid/invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-02-16T22:00:02.907" LastActivityDate="2016-02-16T22:00:02.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17090" CreationDate="2016-02-17T03:05:43.590" Score="2" ViewCount="3164" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I automate Confirmation Code using Selenium ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: Our web application ask for mobile number and pin for login and sends confirmation code in sms, which is then entered by user on Confirm Log On. PIN is matched against store value in Database. can be automated. But SMS confirmation code is generated on runtime&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15495" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T11:01:18.913" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T07:13:15.077" Title="How to test 2-factor authentication (i.e. confirmation code) using selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-02-18T09:44:51.487" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17116" CreationDate="2016-02-17T07:02:25.090" Score="2" ViewCount="14913" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an requirement of clicking on a link . I am using &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; method to click on link by providing the locators and etc.., after click no action was taken place. When I see the html code anchor tag &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; attribute is having &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there is no action taken place.The &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of anchor tag is binded with java script and from there it is submitting the request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I handle this scenario from selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T07:31:52.990" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T06:06:33.563" Title="Unable to click on html link using Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17020" CreationDate="2016-02-17T07:29:18.757" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to use &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; to upload a file using selenium web driver, make sure that the input element is visible on the page. Once the element is visible, you should simply use below mentioned code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;myUploadElement&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;&amp;lt;absolutePathToMyFile&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should not click on the browse button as it will open windows dialogue box and selenium web driver won't work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;myUploadElement&lt;/code&gt; is the id of that element and in &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; you have to specify the absolute path of the content you want to upload (Image,video etc). Selenium will do the rest for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;sendkeys()&lt;/code&gt; wont work at all, then you can also use &lt;code&gt;SikuliX&lt;/code&gt; to handle uploading files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;SikuliX&lt;/code&gt; can be used as it automates everything that you see on the screen. It uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T07:33:17.810" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T07:33:17.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17084" CreationDate="2016-02-17T07:31:14.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot;&lt;/code&gt; means that the link wouldn't work. It'll do nothing. That is why no action is taking place when you click on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen many developers do this when they don't want the link to &quot;navigate&quot; anywhere, though it's not the right practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read about this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1291942/what-does-javascriptvoid0-mean&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T07:31:14.927" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16867" CreationDate="2016-02-17T07:44:21.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Autoit tool is not only used for uploading files, autoit also deals with downloads, handling user authentications, managing keystrokes, mouse movements and handling user controls. Moreover, &quot;sendkeys&quot; doesn't works every time to upload files.&#xA;Basically Autoit is scripting language designed for automating Windows GUI. Some of the features of autoit are as under:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While automating you will come across many scenarios where you need to type text or press any key from keyboard in a windows dialogue box where selenium can't help. In these situations Autoit comes into rescue. Thus autoit can be considered as Keystrokes Simulator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There can be situations where you will require movement of mouse, again autoit can do easily solve your problem. In other words, mouse movements can also be handled by autoit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apart from these simulating keystrokes and mouse movements, with the help of autoit, you can perform any activity which you do manually with window. Like move, hide, show, resize, activate, close etc. You can directly get information on and interact with edit boxes, check boxes, list boxes, combos, buttons, status bars without the risk of keystrokes getting lost.  Even work with controls in windows that aren’t active!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can find all the functions and methods with detailed explanation and examples under help menu of AutoIt. Thus making the tool easier to learn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T07:44:21.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17088" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-17T07:44:50.330" Score="1" ViewCount="3862" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some 200 TCs in Test plan (say folder 1) and so in test lab, now I want to create a duplicate set of same 200 TCs in test plan (say folder 2) with the help of test lab in one go without copy pasting each TC each time since these TCs are randomly placed and can not be copy pasted in one go. Is it possible? Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16720" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T08:19:04.573" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T05:19:20.660" Title="Can I move test cases from test lab to test plan to make duplicate set of test cases at test plan" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;hp-alm-12.20&gt;&lt;hp-alm-12.01&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17084" CreationDate="2016-02-17T08:19:27.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try triggering the Javascript event by using the Javascript native click:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement el = webDriver.findElement(...);&#xA;JavascriptExecutor exec = (JavascriptExecutor) webDriver;&#xA;exec.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click()&quot;, el);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I'm still convinced that a Selenium click will trigger Javascript code. ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T08:19:27.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17082" CreationDate="2016-02-17T09:14:41.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to prepare solution on developer's side. Possible solutions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All valid codes entered on the testing environment are OK.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The only specific code on the testing environment is OK.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code simulator/reader is used to deliver the proper code to the testing script. You can then open this reader in another window, read the code, close window and use the code for authentication.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I like the 2. most. But both solutions 1. and 2. should be removed when an application goes to production. Therefore should be planned as removable, better than configurable. The goal is, that application does not have any possibility to enable it on production. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you specify closer your problem, technologies, etc...  If this is an SMS or RSA token, etc. I can give you further/more specific advice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: for generated confirmation code from SMS all 3 variants can be applied. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(in compliance with 3.) If server side is under your control, you can try to read the SMS text on the server log or on SMS gateway, you can try to switch delivery channel on SMS gateway from SMS to mail etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last, but a bit obscure, could be reading SMS trough testing tools in your physical smartphone. This could be used when you don't have any control of your server side. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T07:13:15.077" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T07:13:15.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17091" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17094" CreationDate="2016-02-17T09:46:18.843" Score="0" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to click on the Upload button but when the script runs this click event triggers a new browser to open which I cannot simulate when I try to test it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I deliberately click on Start link (in the code) hoping that this new window opens only the first time and can be handled then and there, and thereafter I can concentrate on the click event of the Upload button in the parent window. But once again it brings up the new browser window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I handle this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://s000.tinyupload.com/index.php&quot;);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/table/tbody/tr[3]/td/div/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/span/a[1]/b&quot;)).click(); //Start link  &#xA;Thread.sleep(4000); &#xA;&#xA; Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = driver.getWindowHandles();       &#xA; String firstWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA; handles.remove(firstWindowHandle);&#xA; String winHandle = handles.iterator().next();&#xA;&#xA;    if (winHandle != firstWindowHandle) {&#xA;        String secondWindowHandle = winHandle;&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(secondWindowHandle);&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(firstWindowHandle);&#xA;&#xA;    }       &#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[class=pole_plik]&quot;)).sendKeys(path);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;img[alt=Upload]&quot;)).click(); //upload button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T11:23:38.183" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:19:55.697" Title="Cannot click on Upload button due to new browser window that opens at run time only" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17091" CreationDate="2016-02-17T11:24:08.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use following code, It works Tested it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://s000.tinyupload.com/index.php&quot;);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[class=pole_plik]&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;/Users/jeevanbhushetty/Desktop/dock.jpg&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;executor.executeScript(&quot;check_recipient('s000.tinyupload.com');&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:19:55.697" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:19:55.697" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17072" CreationDate="2016-02-17T12:01:23.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium cannot handle any OS based dialogues like file browser. So if the upload element is visible on the page, then instead of using &lt;code&gt;switchTo()&lt;/code&gt; function you should directly use &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; function to upload a document as shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;uploadElement&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;C:\\Users\\Saurav\\Downloads\\GGPrezi.pptx&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the control will always be on the original browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information just go through following link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17020/upload-a-file-in-selenium-webdriver-using-sendkeys&quot;&gt;Upload a file in Selenium Webdriver using sendKeys&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn to switch between multiple windows using selenium, then below mentioned link might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34741257/how-to-change-between-pages-with-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34741257/how-to-change-between-pages-with-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T12:01:23.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17098" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17131" CreationDate="2016-02-17T13:13:16.067" Score="2" ViewCount="921" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running my tests in Selenium using NUnit and Jenkins and it takes more then 2 hours to run all tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to see the progress of the tests for monitoring if everything is OK like a team city build&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I installed the Test In Progress Report plugin but it doesn't work with NUnit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16731" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T19:47:21.383" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:18:59.507" Title="How to see ongoing progress of my Selenium tests run in NUnit on Jenkins?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;.net&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17099" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18640" CreationDate="2016-02-17T14:33:29.493" Score="0" ViewCount="684" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to address JavaObject (JPanel) by means of descriptive programming (DP)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;label:=some label&quot;).JavaDialog(&quot;title:=some title&quot;).JavaObject([descriptor])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked existence of &lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(...).JavaDialog(...)&lt;/code&gt; block and it returned True, but all I did to get JavaObject was in vain (tried different descriptors and their combination like &quot;attached text&quot;, &quot;toolkit class&quot;, &quot;text&quot;) JavaObject did return False on &lt;code&gt;.Exist(0)&lt;/code&gt; check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YykRk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YykRk.png&quot; alt=&quot;JPanel (JavaObject) in Object Spy&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I added JPanel to object repository (OR) and tried to access it by means of OR everything was fine (mistake on the pic OR &amp;amp; DP highlights in code misplaced, and they are pointed the right way on the Watch panel):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m9QEL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m9QEL.png&quot; alt=&quot;access by OR and by DP&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know is it possible to address JavaObject by DP?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T14:13:32.280" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T08:09:46.887" Title="Why JavaObject can not be addressed with descriptive programming in UFT 12.52" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;uft-12.52&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16995" CreationDate="2016-02-17T15:10:16.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For all three parts of your question, I would suggest to apply one of the following approach (considering only web application, as mentioned in question itself):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First and the most naive approach&lt;/strong&gt; is to use the recording feature. What I have read and understood is that record and playback feature provided by tools is only used for the purpose of Demo and selling the product. But what I have experienced is that there is one more good use of this feature i.e. learning how the tool which you are going to use, finds any element on Application Under Test. See, ultimately you are going to use the same tool for testing, and it will be good and efficient approach to use same method/locator as used by tool itself. in addition to it, every tool now-a-days offers this record and playback feature (Selenium IDE plugin for Firefox, Coded UI, Test Studio, Test Complete etc.). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each application is different and so the features provided provided by each tool e.g. Coded UI doesn't offer XPath while Selenium offers the same.  To start with, capture atleast 2 element of each type (like TextBox, Dropdown, Checkbox, RadioButton, Button, Hyperlink, Menu etc.) using the recording feature and then see the pattern. After that you will not be required to use that record feature for same type of elements but wherever you find difficult or time consuming to find a element, again use the recording feature of your tool for that element or page. This can be used for the troubleshooting purpose too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second approach&lt;/strong&gt; is little proficient, considering you are aware of the find expressions supported by your tool and know if your application is having Unique IDs, Name etc. You can get this information from your Developers too. Then, directly use those locators to create a unique logic for finding element, most of the time ID alone should work but if not then pair it with different locator like Name, ControlType, Class etc. XPaths are brittle to locate and sometimes slowdown your test process too. If you refer below mentioned links, they too state that XPath locator has been given the least priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TagName&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XPath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/selenium-locators&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link1&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;https://loadfocus.com/blog/2013/09/05/how-to-locate-web-elements-with-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/locators/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but how to use and pair which type of locator can be provided by approach mentioned in step. There are multiple tools available which can generate or let you know the find expression (in addition to the record feature of tool itself) like Developer Toolbar (for IE and Chrome), Firebug (+ Firepath) etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Third approach or the proactive approach&lt;/strong&gt; is to discuss this with Developers so that they include some unique identifier in their technical design and follow the same too, like considering the future automation use, you can ask them to assign unique ID to all possible elements over a page. If some elements are dynamically created then use some other approach for them like TagName or Element Name containing/starting with unique value and then appending the Dynamic ID. Using this proactive approach you will know from the very beginning that which locators you have to use while designing your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T15:10:16.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17103" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17104" CreationDate="2016-02-17T15:40:55.123" Score="2" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many books mention that for SW quality approach (including testing), one should adhere to and depend on the quality system in the organization. I assume that is QMS based on ISO 9000 which I have no experience with.&#xA;As far as I know, this standard is a generic one and not specific to software. Would anyone advise as to how this is implemented?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12759" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T13:18:19.110" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T13:18:19.110" Title="How is SW quality related to ISO 9000 (QMS)?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;iso-9000&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17103" CreationDate="2016-02-17T16:20:06.103" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not recommend relying on ISO-9000 for guidance on software quality.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISO-9000 describes a heavy-weight procedure for how companies document all their processes.  That is all; it does not address how to create quality.  ISO-9000 makes a lot of sense for manufacturing.  If you run a factory, and your employees do not have a shared understanding of how things are done, it is possible that misunderstandings will lead to defects if your products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, even in a software company, there is value in having a shared understanding of how things are done, e.g. coding standards, design principles, bug tracking, progress tracking, customer support processes, contract writing, and so on.  You will have to decide whether  your biggest quality problem is the lack of rigorously documented procedures.  The answer will depend on what industry you service, what regulatory regimes you work under, and the risk tolerance of your customer base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-02-17T19:38:55.750" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T19:38:55.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17048" CreationDate="2016-02-17T17:31:00.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Web Accessibility In Mind (WEBAIM) project regularly publishes &lt;a href=&quot;http://webaim.org/projects/screenreadersurvey6/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;WebAIM: Screen Reader User Survey #5 Results&quot;&gt;statistics on popular screen readers&lt;/a&gt;. Here are their findings as of July 2015:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Screen Reader:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;# of Respondents / % of Respondents&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;JAWS:&lt;/strong&gt; 743 / 30.2%&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;ZoomText:&lt;/strong&gt; 545 / 22.2%&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Window-Eyes:&lt;/strong&gt; 508 / 20.7%&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;NVDA:&lt;/strong&gt; 360 / 14.6%&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;VoiceOver:&lt;/strong&gt; 188 / 7.6%&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;System Access or System Access To Go:&lt;/strong&gt; 36 / 1.5%&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;ChromeVox:&lt;/strong&gt; 8 / 0.3%&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Other:&lt;/strong&gt; 72 / 2.9%&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2991" LastActivityDate="2016-02-17T17:31:00.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17106" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-17T17:57:57.040" Score="6" ViewCount="608" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an automation suite for our native apps on Android and iOS created using Cucumber, Calabash, and Ruby. I'm utilizing a Page Object Pattern to allow for our project to be cross-platform. At runtime, we can specify to load the iOS or Android profile. Fairly standard stuff for native app automation using these tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each scenario requires me to log in with a username and password which I've specified directly in the feature file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given I am on the start page&#xA;When I tap &quot;sign_in&quot;&#xA;And I login with &quot;user1&quot; and &quot;password1&quot;&#xA;etc...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works great provided I'm only testing one device at a time. When I log in with &quot;user1&quot; and check that the account is in a specific state (i.e. the shopping cart is empty), then perform and action (add something to the cart) then check that the account state reflects my action (that item appears in the cart), everything works fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem: When I have two or more devices running side by side that are both using &quot;user1&quot;, the first device will oftentimes put the account in a certain state (something is added to the cart) before the second device gets a chance to finish logging in. So when the second device logs in with &quot;user1&quot; the account is in an unexpected state (the item is already added to the cart from the first device) and that test fails on the second device. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution: Utilize different accounts for devices running concurrently. Device 1 will log in as &quot;user1&quot; and device 2 will log in as &quot;user2&quot;. Separate accounts on different devices don't lead to the account state conflicts caused by actions taken by another device in the pool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: How and where do I specify these different user accounts and how can each device know which user account to use? Is there a separate config file or helper module in my framework that I need to create?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16751" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T00:00:55.293" Title="How can I set up concurrent execution on multiple devices using different test users? - Calabash" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;calabash&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2016-02-17T20:08:47.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;BBST Bug advocacy course uses RIMGEA acronym that helps you to write and sell effective bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I explained RIMGEA acronym in &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.tentamen.eu/category/rimgea/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blog series.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;R stands for Replicate - you need to be able to list a set of steps that will reproduce the bug every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I stands for Isolate - eliminate steps that don't impact the bug, so that all you are left with is the shortest possible set of steps to reproduce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;M stands for Maximize - find a way to make the failure happen in the most spectacular way possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;G stands for Generalize - find a way to take the failure from a corner case to a general problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E stands for Externalize - look for consequences to users. Ask yourself who will care about this failure and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A stands for Advocate - you need to write a good report that summarizes the results of the previous steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more experienced you are, the less you will need to refer to these steps. They will show in your bug reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8910" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-02-07T12:40:35.383" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T12:40:35.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17109" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-18T05:39:54.017" Score="1" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) are an open, industry &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7519&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;standard&lt;/a&gt; method for representing claims securely between two parties. There are &lt;a href=&quot;https://jwt.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;numerous  implementations&lt;/a&gt; for JWT verification but it looks like each author is testing his implementation on his own. It would be great if there was a tool or fuzzer to verify a given implementation is compliant to the standard and is secure. A starting point could be the &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7520&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RFC 7520&lt;/a&gt; document that describes fuzz vectors and examples for fuzz testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there such a tool already?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or people are testing JWT in the other way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2018-05-03T13:34:56.143" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T13:34:56.143" Title="How are JSON Web Token validators tested?" Tags="&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16527" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:01:49.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If You cannot alter the html directly You can insert some script code to re-enable the select field:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.execute_script(&quot;$('select.cities').removeAttr('disabled')&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T07:01:49.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17111" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:05:40.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP Unified Functional Testing 12.52 (UFT 12.52) is the version of the Unified Functional Testing functional and regression test automation tool, and the successor to HP Unified Functional Testing 12.50 developed by Hewlett-Packard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T11:40:56.910" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T11:40:56.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17112" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:05:40.197" Score="0" Body="HP Unified Functional Testing 12.52 (UFT 12.52) is the version of the Unified Functional Testing functional and regression test automation tool, and the successor to HP Unified Functional Testing 12.50 developed by Hewlett-Packard." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T09:44:32.357" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T09:44:32.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:10:00.077" Score="0" ViewCount="6085" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to mark all the checkboxes in a page using selenium webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I implement that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9020" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-20T01:13:15.257" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T05:49:31.017" Title="How to mark all the checkboxes with Selenium Webdriver using Java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17113" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:22:59.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List &amp;lt;webelement&amp;gt; checkboxele= driver.findelements(By..whatever property you wish, id or xpath&quot;)&#xA;for(webelement ele:checkboxele){&#xA;&#xA;ele.click();&#xA;//Thread.sleep(1000); depends&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will click on all checkboxes in your page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16762" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T07:34:40.300" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T07:34:40.300" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17113" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:23:12.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, assign all checkbox elements to a list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list = driver.findElements(By.Xpath(&quot;//input[type='checkbox']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, loop through the list, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(WebElement el : list){&#xA;    if(!el.isChecked()) // validate Checked property, otherwise you'll uncheck!&#xA;        el.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T08:49:39.650" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T08:49:39.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17084" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:25:06.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my code, Anchor tag is having the href attribute as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;javascript:void(0)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but when we click on anchor tag form was submitting though javascript. So in this case when &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; to click on link will not work. we should use the &lt;code&gt;submit()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally this issue is resolved with following code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath)).submit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T07:25:06.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17117" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:35:02.747" Score="1" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a link which I came across while looking for answers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-start-my-own-website-Where-can-I-get-my-own-domain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;how to develop your website&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here, only technologies have been mentioned. How could you discern between different technologies when you are going to test it functionally?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was asked this question in an interview recently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T08:24:12.573" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T01:24:35.767" Title="As a tester, what is the difference between a website developed in different technologies say, java vs php or java vs .net websites? How to test it?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12075" CreationDate="2016-02-18T07:37:17.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We need to manage our tests a hierarchical way. This is necessary to keep a proper check on the coverage of any feature. We should have a separate feature for every page in our application. Lets take an example to understand the feature coverage more clearly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets assume that we have an website to manage some employees of a company and there are following modules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Admin Account&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.1. Add Employee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.2. Edit Employee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.3. Delete Employee&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need the test coverage for above modules. So the we can manage these modules in our tests by having some directory and sub-directory. Each directory will be reflecting a module or tab of the website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test coverage for above modules can be covered by having following setup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To cover &quot;Add Employee&quot; under the &quot;Admin Account&quot; module, set the hierarchy as shown below&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Admin (directory 1) &gt; Employees (directory 1.1)&gt; Add Employees (directory 1.1.a) &gt; addEmployeeDetails.feature(your test file name)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the file add the path &quot;Admin : Employees : Add Employees : Add Employee Details&quot; as a feature description on the top of the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To cover &quot;Edit Employee&quot; under the &quot;Admin Account&quot; module, set the hierarchy as shown below&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Admin (directory 1) &gt; Employees (directory 1.1)&gt; Edit Employees (directory 1.1.b) &gt; editEmployeeDetails.java(your test file name)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the file add the path &quot;Admin : Employees : Edit Employees : Edit Employee Details&quot; as a feature description on the top of the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To cover &quot;Delete Employee&quot; under the &quot;Admin Account&quot; module, set the hierarchy as shown below&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Admin (directory 1) &gt; Employees (directory 1.1)&gt; Delete Employees (directory 1.1.c) &gt; deleteEmployeeDetails.java(your test file name)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the file add the path &quot;Admin : Employees : Delete Employees : Delete Employee Details&quot; as a feature description on the top of the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, we have added the path of the file in comments of every file. This will help you to locate your files easily. Splitting your website in above mentioned hierarchy will tell help you keep a track that which module of your website has been covered with BDD tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, lets cover some scenario for &quot;Add Employee&quot; under the &quot;Admin Account&quot; module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addEmployeeDetails.feature file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Admin : Employees : Add Employees : Add Employee Details&#xA;  In order to verify new employees can be added in the system&#xA;  As an administrative user&#xA;  I want to be able to add new employees in the system&#xA;&#xA;  Notes:&#xA;  - Verify that validation messages are shown if invalid characters are used in add new employee form&#xA;  - Verify that new employee is added in the system if valid information is given&#xA;&#xA;Scenario: Verify that validation messages is shown if all fields are left blank&#xA;Given Admin is on &quot;Add New Employee&quot; page&#xA;When Admin clicks &quot;Submit&quot; button leaving all fields blank&#xA;Then Admin gets validation message that says &quot;Fields can't be blank&quot;&#xA;&#xA;Scenario: Verify that validation messages are shown if special characters are used in date of birth field&#xA;Given Admin is on &quot;Add New Employee&quot; page&#xA;When Admin fills &quot;$%^*&amp;amp;^%$#&quot; in &quot;Birth Date&quot; field&#xA;And Admin clicks &quot;Submit&quot; button after entering valid data in rest of the fields&#xA;Then Admin gets validation message that says &quot;Invalid birth date&quot;&#xA;&#xA;Scenario: Verify that employee is registered if valid information is filled&#xA;Given Admin is on &quot;Add New Employee&quot; page&#xA;When Admin fills &quot;Test Employee&quot; in &quot;Name&quot; field&#xA;And Admin fills &quot;12-05-1985&quot; in &quot;Birth Date&quot; field&#xA;And Admin selects &quot;India&quot; from &quot;Country&quot; drop down&#xA;And Admin clicks &quot;Submit&quot; button&#xA;Then Admin gets message that says &quot;Test Employee is added successfully&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, In the above feature file, we have a section named Notes, under which we write description of all the test cases for which coverage is required.&#xA;Thus the feature file should consists of scenarios that fulfills the Notes. This way you can check the coverage for all the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feature coverage largely depends on what the web page consist of. As you don't have Product owners who define user stories, your QA team needs to decide which scenarios should be covered by BDD tests. Generally, they should add scenarios which covers the feature spec documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T07:37:17.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16856" CreationDate="2016-02-18T08:00:11.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium doesn't offers much help in handling browser level authentications. You can use java robot class to handle browser level authentication as shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.awt.AWTException;&#xA;import java.awt.Robot;&#xA;import java.awt.Toolkit;&#xA;import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;&#xA;import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;public static void browserLevelAuthentication() throws AWTException{&#xA;   // initialize the web driver and open the web page&#xA;      WebDriver _webDriver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;      webDriver.navigate().to(&quot;www.abc.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  // create robot for keyboard operations      &#xA;      Robot rb = new Robot();&#xA;&#xA;  // Enter user name in username field &#xA; StringSelection username = new StringSelection(&quot;testUser1&quot;);&#xA;        Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(username, null);            &#xA;        rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;        rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;        rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;        rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;&#xA;  // press tab to move to password field&#xA;       rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);&#xA;       rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);&#xA;       Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;  //Enter password in password field&#xA;       StringSelection pwd = new StringSelection(&quot;testPassword&quot;);&#xA;       Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(pwd, null);&#xA;       rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;       rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;       rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;       rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;&#xA;  //press enter&#xA; rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA; rb.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than java robot class, you can also use Autoit tool to handle authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you have to pass the username password in URL like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://&amp;lt;USERNAME&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PASSWORD&amp;gt;@&amp;lt;URL&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;USERNAME&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is username for that web application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;PASSWORD&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is password for above mentioned user&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;URL&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is url of the web application &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T08:00:11.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17120" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-18T09:30:05.603" Score="2" ViewCount="435" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am already logged in to my gmail or facebook account and write an automation script from there onwards(e.g. url for inbox) why does it go to sign-in page at run time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And how did the developers make this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Edit]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login to my gmail account manually&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get the URL of the already logged in page and include it in the automation script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run the script&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Result: Goes to the sign-in page instead of the specified URL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-30T07:13:04.183" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T08:34:29.617" Title="gmail/facebook launches with sign in page at run time" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-03-23T16:23:31.607" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17120" CreationDate="2016-02-18T09:46:42.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you try to open a URL through script, script triggers the browser instance, it doesn't know that you've already signed up until explicitly mentioned. So,it lands on the login page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16763" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T10:07:09.763" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T10:07:09.763" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17125" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-18T09:50:22.310" Score="4" ViewCount="2530" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to test against Internet Explorer 11 multi-threaded using selenium webdriver with IEDriverServer.exe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can now launch multi-threaded IE browsers and interact with it but it seems that all of the IE browsers that were launched shared the same session and login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example I'm testing gmail site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1st browser thread launches gmail home page &gt; logins at gmail site&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2nd browser thread launches gmail home page. Gmail already logged in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I set internet explorer 11 to have its own session?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tested on mozilla firefox and I don't have this issue/situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope somebody can help and give me a definite answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16767" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-10T20:03:34.670" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:17:59.837" Title="How to set Selenium Webdriver using Internet Explorer Browser to not share sessions during multi threaded testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15594" CreationDate="2016-02-18T10:39:25.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well the session of a web driver instance is over once that particular instance is closed. Thus you can't access the session of the previous instance in a new one. However you can still achieve the session by storing the session value in a variable and then adding the session in the new instance. Look at the below mentioned code for better understanding:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void useStoredSessionInNewWindow() {&#xA; // initiate web driver and go to an website&#xA; _webDriver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA; _webDriver.navigate().to(&quot;www.abc.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; // add code to login in the website&#xA;&#xA; // store the current session&#xA; Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; cookiesInstance1 = _webDriver.manage().getCookies();&#xA; System.out.println(&quot;Cookies = &quot;+cookiesInstance1);&#xA;&#xA; // close the web driver instance&#xA; _webDriver.close();&#xA;&#xA; // again initiate web driver and go to the same website. This will open the login page&#xA; _webDriver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA; _webDriver.navigate().to(&quot;www.abc.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; // add the stored session in the bew web driver instance&#xA; for(Cookie cookie : cookiesInstance1)&#xA; {&#xA;  _webDriver.manage().addCookie(cookie);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; // re-visit the page&#xA; _webDriver.navigate().to(&quot;www.abc.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; // get the current session of new web driver instance&#xA; Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; cookiesInstance2 = _webDriver.manage().getCookies();&#xA; System.out.println(&quot;Cookies = &quot;+cookiesInstance2);&#xA;&#xA; // notice that session of previous web driver instanse is achieved&#xA; Assert.assertEquals(cookiesInstance1, cookiesInstance2);&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-04-27T10:57:23.973" LastActivityDate="2020-04-27T10:57:23.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16469" CreationDate="2016-02-18T11:34:01.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing of a particular feature that is being created in the sprint can be done, only if the developer has developed the feature up to some extent. Meanwhile, when the developer is busy developing the feature, a QA should start working on the test plan/test cases on the basis of the feature specification document or the user stories. If the QA team is automating the test cases and using BDD tools like Cucumber, then he must start writing the Cucumber for the test cases to save time. A QA should be in continuous touch with the developers so that he receives at least a piece of the feature which has been developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the developed module is received, now a QA has an ample amount of work. He should first do a sanity check of the module received, and quickly log the issues identified in a bug tracking tool. Also, communicate the developer regarding the issue. Side by side he should also automate the test case. This cycle needs to be processed quickly so that each module is tested and delivered without any bug on or before the sprint end date. Thus, in other words, the work of a QA starts as soon as feature specs or user story is received in the sprint and the actual testing can be started as soon as the developer develops some module of the feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T13:57:18.157" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T13:57:18.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17120" CreationDate="2016-02-18T11:46:42.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose what you are asking is this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/15594/selenium-how-to-access-the-same-session-in-a-new-window&quot;&gt;Accessing Same Session in A New Window&lt;/a&gt;. I suppose you can achieve this using cookies. &#xA;Although I am not sure this is correct, because I haven't done it myself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T11:46:42.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16410" CreationDate="2016-02-18T13:29:28.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from the mobile app testing tools with test recoder facility that you have mentioned above, below mentioned tools also contains recorder facility:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MonKey Talk&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testdroid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robotium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iPhone Tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestStudio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DeviceAnywhere&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Silk Mobile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sikuli&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestCafe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iMacros&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T13:29:28.663" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17098" CreationDate="2016-02-18T14:47:12.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can see the test progress in logs, you just need to add Execution details in your SetUp and TearDown like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private readonly Stopwatch _stopwatch = new Stopwatch();&#xA;&#xA;[SetUp]&#xA;public void SetUp()&#xA;{&#xA;    _stopwatch.Start();&#xA;    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Running: {0}&quot;, TestContext.CurrentContext.Test.FullName);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[TearDown]&#xA;public void TearDown()&#xA;{&#xA;    _stopwatch.Stop();&#xA;    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Execution time: {0}&quot;, _stopwatch.Elapsed);&#xA;    if (TestContext.CurrentContext.Result.Status == TestStatus.Failed)&#xA;     // Screenshot generation&#xA;    _stopwatch.Reset();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:18:59.507" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:18:59.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17133" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18580" CreationDate="2016-02-18T15:33:45.523" Score="2" ViewCount="1285" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Java code that populates all the text fields automatically.&#xA;Before executing click() command for Submit button, I need to enter the Captcha manually. So I would like to make the code to wait for a few seconds so that I can enter the captcha.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9020" LastActivityDate="2018-11-10T22:02:53.983" Title="Make code to wait before executing click() command" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17133" CreationDate="2016-02-18T16:05:51.037" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Waiting for few seconds is fragile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Java code is running in some terminal. Make it to prompt for for text input and wait. Entered input will be the solution of the CAPTCHA, which your code then enters to the page. Voila, you have as much time as you need to solve the CAPTCHA!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course even better solution would be to have special test instance of your system where CAPTCHA is disabled. But you already know that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-02-18T22:24:22.733" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T22:24:22.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17117" CreationDate="2016-02-18T18:18:54.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;OK.  So, at least from my point of view, those are two separate things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  Testing the the things that feed into the website.  Here, you care about the language of the helper program if you’re doing function testing, because you need to be able to understand the interfaces that the program is using.  Ideally, you can (and the program should be architected to allow this) be testing interfaces to the databases or whatever backs up the data.  You don’t want to be doing this via a web browser/web automation tool, since that adds layers that you probably don’t have much control over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)  Testing the web site itself.  Here, you shouldn’t care about the backend processing; that’s invisible (or had better be) to the web browser.  And here, ideally, you can use web automation tools to do the testing.  Now, here, you might want to test for known problem areas that might be dependent on the underlying tools (SQL injections, passing in invalid data via custom http headers, cross site scripting holes, etc), but the language that the backend program that’s providing the data that builds the website is probably irrelevant; here you’re testing the end-user experience.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you’re trying to do both of those things at once, in my opinion, you’re making a mistake, as there are types of testing that you can do if you’re testing the backend program that you can’t do from the website, and vice versa.  And both of those tests are going to find different sorts of performance problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-02-18T18:18:54.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17138" CreationDate="2016-02-19T01:18:44.160" Score="4" ViewCount="1185" Body="&lt;p&gt;This isn't really meant to be subjective, but I guess it is slightly.....but im trying to figure out what is &quot;reasonable&quot; in terms of bugs found post release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now lets assume you do your normal QA/Dev cycle, and release a product. Customer finds a few small bugs (Lets say visual or low impact issues)....and they are mad!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Why did we find bugs???? Isn't QA supposed to find the bugs&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's an appropriate response to this? Unless im living in a fantasy land.....Im guessing everyone (even if QA is doing a good job) runs into some minor bugs post release? Isn't that supposed to be built into the &quot;cost&quot; of the project? or am I wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T22:14:48.117" Title="What is a reasonable expectation for bugs upon release?" Tags="&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17137" CreationDate="2016-02-19T02:03:45.380" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's not really answerable.  What's reasonable depends on the expected use of the software, and the time/money that's being invested.  For example, for aeronautic software, what's viewed as reasonable is perfection, and they spend a huge amount of time, and money, and engineering resource, on making the flight software perfect.  And they fail.  Same thing with software for space exploration, and they lost a probe because one programmer used metric measurements while another used imperial measurements.  That wasn't a minor bug; that was a catastrophic one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, a valid thing to do, certainly, when there are bugs, is analyze them, and figure out how the development process (not test process, but the entire development process) can be improved.  Look at things like the environment the defect was found in, the impact it had, the effort it took to fix, and, crucially, the type of bug it was.  One model for doing this is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonal_Defect_Classification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Orthogonal Defect Classification&lt;/a&gt;, where you look at where in the process the bug was introduced (design, development, post-release, etc), and what it would have taken to find the bug in test.  You can also compare signatures during different parts of the release cycle to determine if you're finding the sorts of problems you expect to, although this requires a fair amount of historical data to do with any accuracy.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also explain the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halting_problem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Halting problem&lt;/a&gt; to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T22:14:48.117" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T22:14:48.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17142" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-19T06:56:58.433" Score="0" ViewCount="1764" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a Product automation(Web CMS), where &lt;code&gt;element.Click(&lt;/code&gt;) shows the inconsistent behaviour. Basically we are using, &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;Selenium + Nunit GUI(unit testing framework)&lt;/em&gt; - To run the test cases from local on a particular environment&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Selenium + Asp.net web application&lt;/em&gt; - Multiple user's can run the test cases on different environment&lt;br&gt; Here environment I mean different levels(Dev, SIT, QA, Production).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;My Concern&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In one of my test cases, I want to Click a button. So for that, I have tried few code. But all are inconsistent behaviour. Here Inconsistent I mean, the code whatever I wrote for clicking a button are only working in my local or server and viceversa.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;1st attempt:-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;I tried all the element locator's&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;element id goes here&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working fine at my local, but not in server&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Result - Failed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;2nd attempt:-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;Element XPath goes here&quot;)).SendKeys(Keys.Enter);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working fine at server, but not in local&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Result - Failed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;3rd attempt:-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; IWebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;something&quot;));&#xA;    IJavaScriptExecutor executor = (IJavaScriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;                        executor.ExecuteScript(&quot;arguments[0].click()&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Not working in both(local and server)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Result - Failed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;At last, I tried waiting for the element to be visible and performing action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;4th attempt:-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60));&#xA;                return wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.XPath(&quot;element xpath goes here&quot;)));&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After webdriver wait performing action on that element (&lt;code&gt;element.click()&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Working fine at local but not in server&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Result - Failed&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm looking for a solution, where Clicking the button should not be an inconsistent behaviour. Basically it should work fine in both (Local and Server). Your help would be greatly appreciated..Thanks in advance&lt;br&gt;&#xA;FYI - I'm testing in Mozilla Firefox browser 38.5.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16565" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T21:24:39.763" Title="Inconsistent behaviour of Click() in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14391" CreationDate="2016-02-19T07:03:33.640" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;user.sendkeys(&quot;&quot;&quot;&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; won't work because type WebElement does not allow string arguments.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that this works perfect in my system (Win7 64 bit).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the versions of your Eclipse and IEDriver to check whether they are 32/64 bit as others have said here.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try using Capabilities class for your IEDriver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16763" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-02-19T12:45:39.950" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T12:45:39.950" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13558" CreationDate="2016-02-19T09:05:01.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This error shows up when UI automation option is not selected for your device.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Follow the below mentioned steps to enable it:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1.Navigate to your device settings.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2.Open Developers option.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3.Enable the UI automation option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now try running your cases.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14567" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T09:05:01.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-19T10:04:09.913" Score="0" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;Going through the Webdriver Timeouts I noticed that for setScriptTimeout, if I type&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); &#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot see the method to select for &quot;executeAsyncScript&quot; when I type &quot;driver.&quot; (driver dot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I type:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see the method for &quot;executeAsyncScript&quot; and so I can type&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.executeAsyncScript(&quot;&quot;, args);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the reason for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T12:04:39.170" Title="executeAsyncScript method doesn't appear when driver is instantiated as &quot;Webdriver driver&quot;" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17146" CreationDate="2016-02-19T10:48:00.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you can see &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in the Javadoc&lt;/a&gt;, the method &lt;code&gt;executeAsyncScript&lt;/code&gt; is inherited from the class &lt;code&gt;RemoteWebDriver&lt;/code&gt;, while the interface &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; has no such method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you declare your variable as a &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; object you cannot call its subclass methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T10:48:00.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17046" CreationDate="2016-02-19T12:04:42.370" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;zip code depends on country to county ,each county has its standard set,go-through your test cases &amp;amp; requirements for validating pin code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T12:04:42.370" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17046" CreationDate="2016-02-19T13:09:40.773" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that you're working in a US environment (the zip code being in US format) and that your application specifications don't call out whether or not a zip 5+4 should be accepted:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd report this as a &lt;strong&gt;bug&lt;/strong&gt; if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your specifications/user stories call for &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; valid US zip codes to be accepted (this is an implicit requirement to accept zip 5+4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application uses the +4 extension in any way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd report as a &lt;strong&gt;user story&lt;/strong&gt; if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application does not state in any way how zip 5+4 should be handled&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your developers are hostile to bug reports (sadly, this happens a lot more than it should)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can reasonably argue that there is a need to handle zip 5+4 in your application (this should be a given, but again...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You think your users will be confused and/or irritated by a field that clearly is long enough to accept a zip code in the 5+4 format but doesn't do so.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, you need to report &lt;em&gt;something&lt;/em&gt;. How you report it will depend on your specifications/user stories, and your team culture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T13:09:40.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17133" CreationDate="2016-02-19T14:32:41.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to ask developer to display value in &quot;Alt&quot; attribute for testing purpose only. After testing is completed, we can remove value from alt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can automate captcha only using display captcha value in &lt;code&gt;alt&lt;/code&gt; attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get the &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; of captcha image&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fetch the value of &lt;code&gt;alt&lt;/code&gt; attribute&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Send &lt;code&gt;alt&lt;/code&gt; value in text field&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:17:42.620" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:17:42.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17117" CreationDate="2016-02-19T20:25:30.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add into what Kevin has mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For #1 (Internal/backend), the programming language matters because it will affect what kind of testing tool available for you to test. For instance, if you want test the database functionality, you might have to choose different unit test framework (JUnit/TestNG for Java, NUnit for .Net) and mock frameworks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="791" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T20:25:30.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17152" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17157" CreationDate="2016-02-19T21:31:13.687" Score="0" ViewCount="894" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver provides numerous ways to select an element as shown in &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/remote/RemoteWebElement.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;googledocs&lt;/a&gt; (under &amp;quot;implements interfaces&amp;quot;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;by class name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;by id&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;by xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there one that is more &amp;quot;resistant&amp;quot; (i.e. automated tests won't break) to changes in the application being developed and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16787" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-02-20T08:48:57.887" Title="Selecting element by xPath vs. class vs. byId" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17152" CreationDate="2016-02-19T22:20:22.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have always been told this order when finding elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;By ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;By CSS Selector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;By XPath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has served me well with my automation in the past, be especially careful with XPath. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2016-02-19T22:20:22.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-02-19T22:34:23.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To summarise the above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you shouldn't that's the point of captcha.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;implement strong AI to mimic human capabilities &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;implement a test harness to bypass captcha in your test automation suite &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16788" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T02:58:08.403" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T02:58:08.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17137" CreationDate="2016-02-20T00:25:26.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an old gag about acceptable failure rates. The joke goes that an american company ordered some manufactured parts from a company in (a foreign country) The spec called for there to be &quot;no more defective parts than 5 in 1000&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some time later the parts arrive at the american company. 5 containers of 1000 finished parts each. then the driver of one of the trucks delivers a smaller crate and asks the american company to receive the shipment. The american representative signs for it and reads the invoice for &quot;5000 parts. The requested 25 defective parts are shipped separately&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My point here is that you cant set an expectation of absolute number of failures. You can set expectations of classes of failure based on the expected product specification. As noted, avionics would be &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; intolerant of failure. A personal ego web site, more tolerant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also this is the purpose of User Acceptance Testing. The user has a chance to run those scenarios they really care about and verify that they are getting what they are paying for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16789" LastActivityDate="2016-02-20T00:25:26.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17152" CreationDate="2016-02-20T08:48:57.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the other answer already said, the preferred order is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ID Locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NAME Locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSS Locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XPATH Locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the reason &lt;strong&gt;why&lt;/strong&gt; is simple: an &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt; is supposed to be unique, so once you have a certain element with a specific identifier, this is unlikely to change. Also, no matter where the element is moved to on a page, the &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt; stays the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, an XPath is more brittle: for example, if elements switch places in a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;body&lt;/code&gt; container (due to new elements being added, ...), the xpath might break.&#xA;Of course, you'll often have to rely on XPath or CssSelectors for dynamic or complex HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: try to get the developers to add as much &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; elements as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-02-20T08:48:57.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17158" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17168" CreationDate="2016-02-20T14:21:56.897" Score="0" ViewCount="1398" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Oz8oS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Oz8oS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already got the Xpath, but when I'm trying send keys there is error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Error&#xA; Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA; File &quot;C:\Users\Admin\PycharmProjects\Belajar1\Register.py&quot;, line 23, in test_register&#xA;self.email = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='email']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;dssdf&quot;)&#xA; File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py&quot;, line 334, in send_keys&#xA;self._execute(Command.SEND_KEYS_TO_ELEMENT, {'value': typing})&#xA; File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py&quot;, line 460, in _execute&#xA;return self._parent.execute(command, params)&#xA; File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;, line 201, in execute&#xA;self.error_handler.check_response(response)&#xA; File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py&quot;, line 188, in check_response&#xA;raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help please. I am new in selenium with python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16795" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T02:58:11.437" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T06:10:00.703" Title="How to send keys in an Ajax dropdown?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17159" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17160" CreationDate="2016-02-20T14:53:38.733" Score="1" ViewCount="1947" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a tester for uTest.com who uses screenshots and screen capture extensively for my test cycles. I used the free trial versions of both &lt;strong&gt;Snagit 12&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Screenpresso&lt;/strong&gt; and am on the fence about which one I should get. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I certainly like the price point better for Screenpresso (currently $23.88 for SP vs $49.95 for Snagit)&lt;/strong&gt;, but the free trial for Screenpresso has certain features locked down so really I am not sure what will give me the best solution for the work I do compared, with the full functionality vs the limited in the trial versions between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, the main features I found in Snagit that I find most useful, and would like to know if available in Screenpresso Pro, are the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Shell integration (I can highlight a series of many images, and use the right click menu to convert the images in any number of ways without opening the whole application, size reduction, effects, file format, etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Library option with image history, automatic saves, tagging, categorization etc... If you have used both Snagit and Screenpresso Pro, can you provide a comparison of the feature set for libraries (if there is one to compare, not pros and cons, but functionality and workflow comparison)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Automatic Versioning - As soon as you make a change to an image or video in Snagit you can see in the workspace below a copy of the original is temporarily made until you finalize the end result under the same name as the original file.  During that time you can easily switch between the working version and the original on the same screen via the workspace area at the bottom.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Stamp options - I didn't have 3rd party stamp packs until I purchased them recently, but does Screenpresso allow for importing the same packs as SnagIt (SuperStamps 4.0, for example)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now, these are the features I use most often, and would need Screenpresso to have similar functionality to sway my purchase decision. Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16796" LastEditorUserId="16796" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T01:04:24.893" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T01:04:24.893" Title="SnagIt vs Screenpresso, Which to get Based on specific features found in SnagIt, but not trial version of Screenpresso?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-03-10T18:15:44.280" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17159" CreationDate="2016-02-20T16:42:23.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used '&lt;strong&gt;Screenpresso&lt;/strong&gt;' personally (only studied its reviews) but I am using &lt;strong&gt;Snagit&lt;/strong&gt; from couple of years &lt;strong&gt;(since version 9)&lt;/strong&gt; and found it to be one of the best tool available for image capturing, sharing, editing, recording etc. When it comes to creating screen shots for Bugs and images for HelpGuides, UserGuides and Tutorials etc. I personally found Snagit lacking nowhere, though the price of Snagit is double than that of Screenpresso, but I never regretted that why I am not using lower price tool. Other than Snagit I have used&#xA; - PicPick&#xA; - Greenshot&#xA; - DuckCapture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://beebom.com/2015/06/snipping-tool-alternatives&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://beebom.com/2015/06/snipping-tool-alternatives&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cloudswave.com/creative-tools/s/screenpresso/compare/snagit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.cloudswave.com/creative-tools/s/screenpresso/compare/snagit/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in a single line from my side, Snagit is the best tool which suffice a tester needs. So, if price is not an issue and you think you will be able to get ROI (Return Over Investment) then without second thought you should go for Snagit. Else, as an alternative, you can contact 'Screenpresso' sales team, to provide a Pro version trial license key for 1 week (lets say), so that you can evaluate that too (many a times they provide it, as I have tried this with some automation tools so that I can review all features before making a final decision).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-02-20T16:42:23.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17142" CreationDate="2016-02-20T16:50:14.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that the events &lt;strong&gt;element.sendKeys&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;driver.navigate.to&lt;/strong&gt;  and &lt;strong&gt;element.click&lt;/strong&gt;  are native events for the browser.   For them to succeed, they need to talk successfully to whatever version of the browser you have on your system.  In nearly all cases, this works, but sometimes, such as with all versions of Firefox after 31.6.0,  the compatibility with Selenium has degraded and you'll get wierd behaviour that you can't explain.  There is no need to fret.   In your test framework you can create a JavascriptExecutor method that does the same thing non-native.   As a workaround, that should work for you, but fundamentally you shouldn't need to do that if you match up the Selenium version with the right versions of the binary browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, your solution:  on the server, downgrade Firefox to version &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/31.6.0/releasenotes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;31.6.0&lt;/a&gt; ESR, which is difficult because Firefox tries to upgrade itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T07:38:37.793" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T07:38:37.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17158" CreationDate="2016-02-20T17:59:05.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try executing the following command in Chrome (F12 &amp;lt; Console):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;//*[@id='email']&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will see that the page has &lt;strong&gt;two elements with this identifier&lt;/strong&gt; (which is, in fact, not conforming to the meaning of &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the email field is visible, as in your screenshot, it is actually the &lt;strong&gt;second&lt;/strong&gt; email field that you see.&#xA;But Selenium finds the &lt;strong&gt;first&lt;/strong&gt; element which is invisible, and thus your code fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt; try making your XPath more specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-02-20T17:59:05.673" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17166" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-21T10:12:16.687" Score="5" ViewCount="318" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to learn more about automated integration testing / end-to-end testing, especially for web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a good codebase, which has nicely structured, efficient integration tests, with good test coverage, to look for examples, stylistic choices, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an open source project which has such a well-maintained test-suite? Which one would you recommend for reviewing and learning from?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1759" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T19:59:26.020" Title="Good example codebase (opensource project) for learning integration testing?" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17167" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-21T11:27:10.700" Score="1" ViewCount="4564" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in debugging my browser session and I found that it is possible to save HTTP requests with their answers to a file using &lt;code&gt;captureNetworkTraffic&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;json&lt;/code&gt; format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I can't find any doc or working samples to do so. The only thing I found that &lt;code&gt;selenium.selenium&lt;/code&gt; is a part v.1 API, in the current version (v.2) I should use &lt;code&gt;webdriver&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;webdriver&lt;/code&gt; API doesn't have &lt;code&gt;captureNetworkTraffic&lt;/code&gt; option or something like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found a &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.eviltester.com/2010/05/a-selenium-capturenetworktraffic-example-in-java.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;java sample&lt;/a&gt; but it is too old (maybe v.1 used) and it requires to run some server. Another &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3712278/selenium-rc-how-do-you-use-capturenetworktraffic-in-python#&quot;&gt;one sample&lt;/a&gt; doesn't work for me - I receive &lt;code&gt;error: [Errno 111] Connection refused&lt;/code&gt; and I don't understand it. What selenium should be connected to on &lt;code&gt;localhost:4444&lt;/code&gt;? The server mentioned in the first sample?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried to do a hack &lt;code&gt;driver.execute(&quot;captureNetworkTraffic&quot;, {&quot;type&quot;:&quot;json&quot;})&lt;/code&gt;, but it doesn't work either. Also I can't find a string &lt;code&gt;captureNetworkTraffic&lt;/code&gt; in chromedriver's sources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is it possible to dump requests and responses without &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18075645/export-har-using-chromedriver&quot;&gt;using proxy&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13058" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:32:15.253" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:32:15.253" Title="How to use selenium.captureNetworkTraffic in Python?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17158" CreationDate="2016-02-22T05:43:28.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @FDM mentioned the  &lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;//*[@id='email']&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; will find 2 matching elements. So you need to build a locator that is more unique/precise. If you search it in Firebug or any other console you'll notice that it yields two matching nodes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure in Python how it should be, but I tried this in Java using the following CSS selector and it worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div[id=top-user-menu-wrapper] input[id=email]&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T06:10:00.703" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T06:10:00.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17166" CreationDate="2016-02-22T06:28:58.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not judge the book by its cover but &lt;a href=&quot;http://zurmo.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;zurmo CRM&lt;/a&gt; looks promising because they claim: &quot;We use a test-driven methodology for building every part of the application.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T06:28:58.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17170" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17193" CreationDate="2016-02-22T07:01:33.467" Score="0" ViewCount="5745" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to set up a stress test for paying by One Pay in JMeter. But one payment just pays for one order; my test can't pay for the same order many times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think a possible solution would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run 10000 API create order and set 10000 order IDs in a file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run 10000 API pay by One Pay with data in that file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I set up such a solution in JMeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15911" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T04:14:57.807" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T22:05:17.243" Title="How to get or set the list of variables in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17171" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17354" CreationDate="2016-02-22T07:12:00.130" Score="8" ViewCount="2917" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any general approach or methodology to create complex user scenarios for any application or is it completely context-driven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Are there some general test ideas/patterns/strategies to create complex scenario's for any application or does it depend upon the thinking ability of the QA.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, please suggest some tips to improve in creating scenario's. Any resources, books etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:11:18.890" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:11:18.890" Title="What is Scenario Testing and how to create complex test scenario's?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17172" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17194" CreationDate="2016-02-22T08:48:14.190" Score="0" ViewCount="700" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I analyse the Jmeter report?&#xA;what are the standard data for application having good performance to compare with?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16329" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T07:21:24.167" Title="Jmeter report analysis" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-02-26T09:21:49.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17166" CreationDate="2016-02-22T10:01:07.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check the Wikia app , they have well structured test suite with the Page Object Model.&#xA;Look at there Github Repository :&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Wikia/selenium-tests&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;There site is:&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikia.com/fandom&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wikia.com/fandom&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13280" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T10:01:07.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17176" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-22T11:43:39.273" Score="3" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding, I have created following training plan. Please review and let me know if I'm missing something or anything needs to be update?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Topics&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction to Mobile Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is Mobile application testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is Mobile testing important?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do you need to be a good mobile tester?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Types of Mobile Applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile Application SDLC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile web applications&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overview&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Types of Mobile web apps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Non-responsive applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Responsive applications&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing mobile web apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technologies used to develop&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Native Mobile Applications&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overview&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Types of Native apps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Device-specific applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Responsive applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Hybrid applications&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing native apps&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Technologies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) OS API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) App Store&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Device capabilities&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unique Mobile Testing Considerations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Experience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Storage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operating system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jail Breaking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hardware/Device capabilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile Testing Platforms&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desktop browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile Emulation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cloud Testing - AWS Device Farm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Physical Device testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remote Device testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile Testing Techniques&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Device Access&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compatibility Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Submission Guideline Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools for Mobile Testing&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multi platform testing tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android Testing tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iOS Testing tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BlackBerry Testing tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows Mobile Testing tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remote Device Access Services.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Outsource/Crowd source testing services&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16815" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T12:30:45.350" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T20:32:58.313" Title="What is a good mobile application testing training plan?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-25T19:01:03.323" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17208" CreationDate="2016-02-22T14:17:21.017" Score="1" ViewCount="1449" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a selenium webdriver live project build using maven and junit framework. I want to run this using jenkins. I google searched but was able to find information when the project is build using testng. I need this information for junit framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help will be highly appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I am using eclipse mars, so maven is installed automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7514" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T13:02:02.600" Title="I need to run a project build using selenium webdriver/maven/junit with jenkins" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17177" CreationDate="2016-02-22T14:30:07.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Jenkins you can execute shell commands. I would just execute the Maven command you would use locally to run the tests on your own computer. Maybe something like: &lt;code&gt;mvn clean test&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Using Jenkins built-in &quot;Execute Windows batch command&quot; you can run&#xA;  commands using the windows shell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Using Jenkins built-in &quot;Execute shell&quot; you can run commands using unix&#xA;  shell&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T14:30:07.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17137" CreationDate="2016-02-22T14:45:16.353" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Role of QA is not to find all the bugs. QA is there to establish a process of finding bugs, collecting and prioritizing them, to be fixed fixed by developers in order of business priorities. And provide business side with info about current and projected stability of the codebase, and if release is stable enough to be released withing the deadlines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality cannot be &amp;quot;assured&amp;quot; by more testing&lt;/strong&gt; - quality has to be designed and coded in. In famous saying, QA cannot prove there are no bugs - can only show where known bugs are, using the limited time and resources QA has to do the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality is a team effort.&lt;/strong&gt; Developers, QA and &lt;strong&gt;business side&lt;/strong&gt; all have integral part in assuring the quality, and finger-pointing is the fastest way to hell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if customer found a minor bug, and QA was blamed for it, &lt;strong&gt;business side failed to do their job.&lt;/strong&gt; Proper response would be emailing the customer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for notifying us about the problem. Your comments were entered to bug database and they will be evaluated and prioritized by severity and how many customers they affect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I cannot tell you right now when your complaint will be fixed, I can promise it will be taken seriously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also like to thank you for our using our product and for taking time to enter the feedback. Feedback from customers like you helps us to improve our product and make it work as best as we can for as many customers as we can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have more concerns, please do not hesitate to contact me again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the role of business in the situation like yours (with a minor bug). Cover your back, report the bug, not throw you under the bus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T18:31:38.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17137" CreationDate="2016-02-22T15:58:51.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most straightforward answer is: those that were found and were not fixed, those that were found and were labeled as features plus all that were not found. The ones in the first and second group should be documented and the customers should be aware of them and the ones in the last group should not be the elephant in the room.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA is supposed to find bugs, and given time it will find every one of them, but the costs and the time to find the next bug increase for every bug found, to reach a point where you need to spend days, weeks or months to find a single one, that affect maybe one customer. At this point QA is no more effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a costumer will report a defect, there is no if, no complex software is bug free, put yourself in their shoes. Is the defect a subtle one? Do you need to do specific steps to make it happen? Or it happens every time you execute the primary process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How will you react? Will you be angry to find the defect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular visual bug, if not subtle, are never reasonable in my opinion. Think of printing an invoice with the logo of another company, will you not be angry as the customer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that thanks the customer, add some test cases in your test suite for every reported issue and be sure to run them before the next release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastEditorUserId="16288" LastEditDate="2016-02-22T20:58:39.840" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T20:58:39.840" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17176" CreationDate="2016-02-22T16:29:36.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below testing techniques can be added to the training plan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recoverability Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installation/Uninstallation Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T16:29:36.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17170" CreationDate="2016-02-22T16:30:23.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can omit the &quot;file&quot; step, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler to create order&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207421325-Using-RegEx-Regular-Expression-Extractor-with-JMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt; to extract order ID into a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Variable&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use JMeter Variable from step 2 in &quot;Pay&quot; request. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T16:30:23.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14359" CreationDate="2016-02-22T16:31:59.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no right answer.  Try it both ways (in separate tests) and see which way works better for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T16:31:59.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17137" CreationDate="2016-02-22T16:42:00.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is, of course, a substantial difference between a customer finding a defect that the Test team had previously found (but which Management were happy to release into Live) and those which were missed by the Test team.  As a tester, it's the latter which most concern me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Reasonable&quot; is inherently subjective.  For the sake of argument, I take &quot;Reasonable&quot; to mean a level of defects which I'd be willing to say was unavoidable, given the circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Reasonable&quot; is also not the same as &quot;Acceptable&quot;.  &quot;Acceptable&quot; is the easier approach, as it's something which can be agreed in advance with your management structure.  &quot;No high or critical severity defects, no more than X normal severity...&quot;  That sort of thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Reasonable&quot;, though...  Much harder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issues that control code quality (prior to and post-testing) are a huge subject, so I'll try to bundle it up a bit.  I think if I started writing about it, I'd still be here this time tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;reasonable&quot; level of defects would be determined by: the amount of resource available measured against the code quality and level of bug-fixing support.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't think of a better way to sum it up.  Bad code and no time = lots of bugs.  Good code and no time = few bugs.  Bad code and lots of time = few bugs.  It's not very scientific but I think it stands scrutiny.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T16:42:00.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17187" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-22T17:06:40.777" Score="2" ViewCount="1213" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a background as a developer, but have been working on test automation here in the UK for the last years. I work a lot with Java, Webdriver and Jenkins/continuous deivery - but I am very interested in &quot;switching&quot; career to more devops since I already love and work with automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you make such a transition and where do you begin? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16823" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T21:12:57.670" Title="How to move from test automation to devops?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-03-02T15:26:11.767" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6614" CreationDate="2016-02-22T17:14:42.370" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nihC1xW1eNI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt; some co-workers did on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;charles&lt;/a&gt;. They go over using breakpoints to simulate network issues among a few other features. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;OK, here it is laid out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step-by-step guide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download and Install &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Charles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure device and computer are on same wifi &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Charles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Settings - Recording Settings - Include tab to filter irrevant data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter Host for your project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example,&#xA;    metrics.myapp.com could record only analytics (omniture) calls for an app&#xA;    api.myapp.com could record api calls for an app&#xA;    *.myapp.com could record both plus some additional transactions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Configure Proxy settings on your device&#xA;For iOS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to the Settings app, tap Wi-Fi, find the network you are connected to and then tap the blue disclosure arrow to configure the network.&#xA;Scroll down to the HTTP Proxy setting, tap Manual.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter the IP address of your computer running Charles in the Server field, and the port Charles is running on in the Port field (default: 8888).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leave Authentication set to Off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: You can use Charles with iOS simulator by going to  to Help &gt; SSL Proxying &gt; Install Charles Root Certificate in iOS Simulators&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Android:&#xA;[Note: Each Android phone is slightly different. These steps should work for most Android devices]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select “Wireless &amp;amp; Networks”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure WiFi is turned on and you are connected to your network.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select WiFi settings using a long press (touch and hold).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select “Modify network”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select “Show Advanced Options”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under Proxy Settings, select “Manual”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For the Proxy Hostname (Server) field, enter your network IP address.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For the Proxy Port field, enter the port number listed in Charles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tap Save&#xA;Note: You can use Charles with an Android emulator by adding an additional emulator command line option: &quot;-http-proxy &lt;a href=&quot;http://[Your&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://[Your&lt;/a&gt; computers IP address]:8888&quot;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;       For example, &quot;emulator -avd [name of android virtual device] -http-proxy &lt;a href=&quot;http://10.0.0.46:8888&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://10.0.0.46:8888&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Charles open and record button pressed, launch app. You should see data recorded on Charles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SSL Setup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://charlesproxy.com/getssl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://charlesproxy.com/getssl&lt;/a&gt; and install certificate on device.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After certificate is installation is successful, On host(running Charles) go to Charles --&gt; Proxy --&gt; SSL Proxy Settings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure 'Enable SSL Proxying' is checked&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add host names for SSL proxy. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With Charles open and record button pressed, launch app. You should see required data recorded on Charles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Breakpoint (Edit api request or response &lt;strong&gt;This is where you could make a false server response&lt;/strong&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To modify API Request or Response, click on the 'Enable Breakpoints' button.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find the api Path you want to modify. (The api call in Charles)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click and select 'Breakpoints'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refresh the page or Kill and relaunch the app on your device. When the app makes a request or receives a response at breakpoint, you will be presented with option to modify.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit your request / response. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*) You can enable or disable individual breakpoints and corresponding request/response by going to Proxy - Breakpoints Settings.&#xA;*) Double click on the location to enable / disable particular request or response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click Execute.&#xA;Note the changes taking effect on the app. &#xA;Don't forget to turn breakpoints off after finishing tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16622" LastEditorUserId="16622" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T13:23:10.403" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T13:23:10.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17187" CreationDate="2016-02-22T21:12:57.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally I would consider some of the key requirements for an entry level position to be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;background as a developer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;experience with OO such as Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;practical experience with automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;familiarity with CI and Jenkins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enthusiasm about devops&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, you are already qualified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wish to have a more mid-level or senior position then you will have to study / be questioned about / be knowledge in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Servers, flavors and capabilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unix, linux, osx, windows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shell scripting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Packaging and deploying applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release and Change management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitor tools for performance and end user experience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T21:12:57.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3939" CreationDate="2016-02-22T22:36:02.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good test plan doesn't necessarily enumerate everything that will be in the final release of a product. More importantly, a good test plan defines the scope of the feature and most definitely can account for whatever uncertainty you may have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also keep in mind that test plans are like software in that they are much easier to extend when they have a solid framework early on. Making test plans in agile sometimes only results in a single, pared down iteration and sometimes they get many iterations with lots of parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best question for you to answer is what would be useful for your team in the short/medium/long term based on what you know and don't know right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16830" LastActivityDate="2016-02-22T22:36:02.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17171" CreationDate="2016-02-23T05:01:27.470" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two &lt;strong&gt;methods&lt;/strong&gt; in  Scenario Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Scenario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use-case and role-based scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test &lt;strong&gt;Scenario steps&lt;/strong&gt; for any application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In system scenario, you can use step by step module wise system scenario. In that using module &amp;amp; sub module functionality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;example&lt;/strong&gt; for system scenario Application:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario 1&lt;/strong&gt;: Check the Login Functionality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HKJji.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HKJji.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario 2:&lt;/strong&gt; Check that a New Order can be created&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EsLLD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EsLLD.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario 3&lt;/strong&gt;:Check that an existing Order can be opened&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HKJji.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HKJji.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario 4:&lt;/strong&gt; Check that a user, can FAX an order&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3McPt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3McPt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario 5&lt;/strong&gt;:Check that the information displayed in the HELP section is correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QWAQW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QWAQW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T05:01:27.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17170" CreationDate="2016-02-23T05:40:15.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First define your test scenario for 1 user&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Record script for this scenario (1 user)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now perform correlation analysis of all the requests to identify the dynamic parameters&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use Regular expression extractor &amp;amp; JMeter functions to handle those &#xA;dynamic parameters&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run the script with 1 user and see if it works&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If it works successfully then you can move on to running the same scenario with more users&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parameterize all the relevant parameters (For example there is any user ID involved for which you were using a static value earlier. now you will need to parameterize it using JMeter functions or CSV data set)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Define no. of threads (users) in thread group and generate required load and run the test&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imp: Always run load tests in command line mode. Learn to use listeners tactically in your JMeter scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T22:05:17.243" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T22:05:17.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17172" CreationDate="2016-02-23T05:52:20.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before you go on to do performance testing you need to define benchmarks&amp;amp; objectives of your performance testing. There could be variety of goals for any performance testing activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, we can perform a performance test to identify the breakpoint of application or the maximum number of users application can handle with reasonable response time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an alternative case, we can have a requirement to just analyze the server resource utilization under different user loads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some time performance tests are also used to analyze the changes in application performance after some code changes or hardware changes. In such cases we should have base line results (i.e results before &amp;amp; after changes so a comparison can be done)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in short it all depends upon requirements. If you are new to performance testing and have a real time project to do then first of all you need to clarify the requirements, goals and objectives of performance test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not least, you can use JMeter Plugins or Loadosophia Service to get good graphical reports from JMeter data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T05:52:20.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17172" CreationDate="2016-02-23T07:21:24.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To analyze the report you must first get a tad familiar with performance related terms like throughput etc. I would suggest you to add the Summary Report listener to get a better view of your application's performance. The error % column in the Summary report needs to be zero throughout to ensure that your application is performing at-least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no such standards and depends what are your expectations from the application. Try to analyze what amount of traffic you want to handle and then prepare your script accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T07:21:24.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17171" CreationDate="2016-02-23T09:06:00.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can probably think of an algorithm to walk through the system's states and triggers, but that will not make it a &quot; user scenario&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that if you want the &quot;user&quot; then it must be context dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T09:06:00.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17199" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-23T09:35:11.857" Score="2" ViewCount="5615" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there anyway to assert that,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;actual int value = expected int value &lt;strong&gt;not equal to 0&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(length, 0);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:46:55.537" LastActivityDate="2019-03-11T07:47:37.110" Title="Assert in TestNG (Actual int value, Expected int value)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17199" CreationDate="2016-02-23T09:41:42.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/javadocs/org/testng/Assert.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestNG Assert documentation&lt;/a&gt; describes a function &lt;code&gt;assertNotEquals&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertNotEquals(length, 0);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does what you want I guess, if not you can also check with assertEquals with some extra code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pseudo code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;result = false&#xA;if (length == 0 ) {&#xA;  result = true&#xA;}&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(result, false)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T13:47:11.237" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T13:47:11.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3467" CreationDate="2016-02-23T10:57:37.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a workaround. Use &lt;code&gt;Javascript&lt;/code&gt; to hover the mouse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void mouseHoverJScript(WebElement HoverElement) {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                if (isElementPresent(HoverElement)) {&#xA;&#xA;                    String mouseOverScript = &quot;if(document.createEvent){var evObj = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');evObj.initEvent('mouseover',true, false); arguments[0].dispatchEvent(evObj);} else if(document.createEventObject) { arguments[0].fireEvent('onmouseover');}&quot;;&#xA;                    ((JavascriptExecutor) Selenium.webDriver).executeScript(mouseOverScript,HoverElement);&#xA;&#xA;            } else {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Element was not visible to hover &quot; + &quot;\n&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Element with &quot; + HoverElement&#xA;                    + &quot;is not attached to the page document&quot;&#xA;                    + e.getStackTrace());&#xA;        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Element &quot; + HoverElement + &quot; was not found in DOM&quot;&#xA;                    + e.getStackTrace());&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Error occurred while hovering&quot;&#xA;                    + e.getStackTrace());&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static boolean isElementPresent(WebElement element) {&#xA;        boolean flag = false;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            if (element.isDisplayed()&#xA;                    || element.isEnabled())&#xA;                flag = true;&#xA;        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;            flag = false;&#xA;        } catch (StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;            flag = false;&#xA;        }&#xA;        return flag;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16843" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T11:25:48.610" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T11:25:48.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13493" CreationDate="2016-02-23T12:24:44.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assert is the original API. Assertion is a base class that allows for extensions like SoftAssertion. Assert is there for backward compatibility. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://rameshbaskar.wordpress.com/2013/09/11/soft-assertions-using-testng/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://rameshbaskar.wordpress.com/2013/09/11/soft-assertions-using-testng/&lt;/a&gt; for more on soft assertions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T12:24:44.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17205" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-23T13:13:53.467" Score="1" ViewCount="2112" Body="&lt;p&gt;I implemented Selenium IDE on Firefox on a server and, because I don't always wanna start a connection to the server to check the results, would like to get something like a test report via mail, if (only if) a failure occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I couldn't find a good solution so far and would be glad, if you could help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First problem here would be to detect, IF a failure occured while running the test cases. There seems to be no command for that. I tried &lt;code&gt;assertAlertPresent&lt;/code&gt; but that's not detecting failures.&#xA;If anyone could help me, solving this first problem, I would be already one huge step further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16844" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T22:04:16.733" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T22:04:16.733" Title="Send a failure report after running Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17171" CreationDate="2016-02-23T13:21:31.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's context-driven - it &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt; to be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, the method I use for generating scenarios can be broadly summarized:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use cases or user stories will include at least one scenario (the steel thread scenario). That's my first one. So, for example, the user story: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;As an administrator, I need to see a report of who has logged into the system and when so I can ensure my employees are logging in when they're at work&lt;/em&gt; generates the scenario: &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I log on as a user with administrator rights, and navigate to the reports section, the user logon report is available, can be run, and generates correct data for the date range I use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next, I look at scenarios that are &lt;em&gt;implied&lt;/em&gt; by the user story/use case. The example above implies a few:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I log on as a non-administrator user, I will &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; be able to see the user logon report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I am not logged in, I will not be able to see the user logon report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I log in as a user who is not an administrator but who has administrator right (e.g. a superuser) I will be able to see and use the user logon report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I think this isn't enough or there's something missed, I start looking for edges and interactions, for instance:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I am logged in as an administrator and my connection is lost, I will be able to see the report on the reports page, but I will not be able to run the report: additionally I will receive a friendly error message.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T13:21:31.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17207" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-23T13:59:09.340" Score="0" ViewCount="2075" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Robot Framework and Selenium. I can not set a checkbox. There are several settings, which is controlled by the checkbox. I see that it was set by Robot, but the result is not stored. The test is successful. In manual test if check box was set, the result was stored. I used 5 different locators for checkbox with the same result. I will be glad to any ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Wait Until Page Contains Element  |  id=submitBtn&#xA;Select Checkbox                   |  xpath=(//input[@type='checkbox'])[3]&#xA;Checkbox Should Be Selected       |  xpath=(//input[@type='checkbox'])[3]&#xA;sleep                             |  7s&#xA;Click Element                     |  id=submitBtn                        |  5s &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16846" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T16:52:59.827" Title="The state of the checkbox, which was set in Robot Framework is not stored" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17177" CreationDate="2016-02-23T14:18:03.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found below mentioned post to be highly useful to get my problem resolved&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://o7planning.org/web/fe/default/en/document/5189/install-maven-into-eclipse#a5303&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://o7planning.org/web/fe/default/en/document/5189/install-maven-into-eclipse#a5303&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This site gives step-by-step instructions for Eclipse 4.5 Mars/4.4 Luna, with lots of screenshots. Detailed instructions on installing as an embedded module or a standalone application and then configuring Eclipse to use Maven are given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I followed the instructions I was able to use the configuration I set up to get my Jenkins builds working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7514" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T13:02:02.600" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T13:02:02.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17209" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-23T14:37:05.660" Score="3" ViewCount="1136" Body="&lt;p&gt;The product I am testing is mostly written in Java. I have to write autonomous code to compare the two outputs(one developed by our dev teams and other by me). Is it good idea to write my code as well in Java, or shall I choose some other language to write my code. Please help me with pros and cons of using same language over using different language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also would writing test code in same language as the application code, increase the probability of committing same bug that developer might have made ? And using different language would decrease this probability&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16848" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T13:23:53.037" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T13:23:53.037" Title="Should the test code be written in the same language in which actual code is written" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17209" CreationDate="2016-02-23T14:46:12.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preferable use the same language as Dev-team is using. I would try to prevent the development team to learn to many different languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easier for other to help testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easier for others to maintain tools testers develop&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Less context switching for people working on or using this tool, this is a big issue, even for the tester. I have worked in a team where I needed to work in 5 languages due to different tooling build by different people...not very handy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For specific platforms or automation tools its hard to find a wrapper for the language used by the Dev-team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tooling might have poor documentation for some languages (for example Selenium has most examples in Java, but if you team uses PHP you might want to drive Selenium with PHP)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers might need to learn the language of the Dev-Team, while they already have experience with tooling in another language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T14:46:12.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17209" CreationDate="2016-02-23T14:51:35.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the same language leverages existing skills and libraries, so in most cases it makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are cases when it does not make sense, however. I know about a project which uses C++ for performance reasons. Because tests are not performance sensitive, and flexibility and programmer's productivity is more important than short execution time, they write tests in dynamically typed scripting language, Ruby. And they are sorry they underestimated Python, which would be even more readable for C++ programmers, and has &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cython&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cython&lt;/a&gt; for easier interface with C++.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T14:51:35.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17088" CreationDate="2016-02-23T15:22:50.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not possible to copy test cases from test lab to test plan. Actually test lab doesn't have any test cases, it only has a reference to test plan's test cases. So only way to copy test cases is from test plan to test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16848" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T15:22:50.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17214" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17282" CreationDate="2016-02-23T15:50:30.570" Score="3" ViewCount="3375" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to verify that a certain condition happens on different platforms, e.g. a link of an app for iphone only happens on ios devices, and similarly, a link of an app for android only happens on android devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is if there is a way for selenium driver to detect which platform it is on so I can run a test something similar to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (driver == ios) {&#xA;    do something...&#xA;} else if (driver == android) {&#xA;    do something...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2018-08-06T06:46:45.597" Title="Can selenium driver detect which platform it is running in" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17214" CreationDate="2016-02-23T16:03:15.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you can do this using the &lt;code&gt;capability.setPlatform()&lt;/code&gt; key/value pair from &lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities&lt;/code&gt; of Selenium. You can read about the official documentation &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/remote/DesiredCapabilities.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T16:03:15.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15013" CreationDate="2016-02-23T16:12:25.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a functional requirement the Direct Cover Status depend on the test coverage for the same requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example you have a functional requirement Req1 without test coverage and two requirement Scenario1 and Scenario2 with test coverage. The test coverage of Scenario1 and Scenario2 are not added to Req1 because they are not direct coverage tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add the same tests that cover the Scenario1 and Scenario2 in the Test Coverage of Req1 or you can change the Requirement Type of Req1 to Group or Folder. Group and Folder don't have a direct coverage but, if you switch to the Coverage Analisys (from View &gt; Coverage Analisys) they show a bar with the aggregation of the statuses of the requirement that they contains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T16:12:25.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17217" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-23T16:40:34.483" Score="4" ViewCount="2003" Body="&lt;p&gt;For last few weeks, I was using &lt;code&gt;appium(python)&lt;/code&gt; for android testing but yesterday we have decided to shift to &lt;code&gt;Expresso(Java)&lt;/code&gt; for automated testing. There are couple of reasons why we are making this shift:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We want to scale out our automated testing, and there are lot of features not present in appium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the latest testing framework for android, and has nice backward compatibility.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Small API and very easy to customize.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been reading for &lt;a href=&quot;https://google.github.io/android-testing-support-library/docs/espresso/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Espresso&lt;/a&gt; but I don't find anything great at all, If I compare it with Appium. I am a &lt;code&gt;Python/R developer&lt;/code&gt; so maybe there are couple of points I am not able to understand. Would anyone like to help me understand if the shift to this new testing framework will be good for future? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16775" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T07:04:01.877" Title="Appium vs Espresso for Android Automated Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16322" CreationDate="2016-02-23T17:08:08.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Change the view to Test Grid (View &gt; Test Grid) that will add the Replace command in the Edit menù.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/45ABo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/45ABo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Replace popup select Test Name in &lt;code&gt;Find in Field&lt;/code&gt;, put the current value in &lt;code&gt;Value to Find&lt;/code&gt; and the new value in &lt;code&gt;Replace with&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6mxfo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6mxfo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default partial match is enable, ie.: if you have a test with the test name &lt;strong&gt;foo&lt;/strong&gt;_test_1, put &lt;strong&gt;foo&lt;/strong&gt; in &lt;code&gt;Value to Find&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;bar&lt;/strong&gt; in &lt;code&gt;Replace with&lt;/code&gt; and hit &lt;code&gt;Replace&lt;/code&gt; the new test name will be &lt;strong&gt;bar&lt;/strong&gt;_test_1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; the screenshot are taken from HP ALM 11.52, the functionality is present also in HP QC, at least from version 10.00.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://alm-help.saas.hpe.com/en/Latest/online_help/Content/UG/ui_replace.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Online help page&lt;/a&gt; of HP ALM 12.50 for Replace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastEditorUserId="16288" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T19:12:06.977" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T19:12:06.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17214" CreationDate="2016-02-23T17:46:37.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To determine the OS of mobile operating system you can use javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the javascript to detect android phone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function isAndriod() { &#xA; if( navigator.userAgent.match(/Android/i) {&#xA; return true;&#xA;} else {&#xA;  return false;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And following is the javascript to detect the IOS devices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function isIOS() { &#xA; if(navigator.userAgent.match(/iPhone/i) || navigator.userAgent.match(/iPad/i) || navigator.userAgent.match(/iPod/i)) {&#xA; return true;&#xA;} else {&#xA;  return false;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can execute this javascripts using &lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/code&gt; of selenium and based on return value you can perform your future operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T17:46:37.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17223" CreationDate="2016-02-23T17:56:49.160" Score="2" ViewCount="218" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a selenium C# developer, and have just recently conducted an interview with a company. During this process I was asked a lot of questions about &quot;hypothetical&quot; framework questions, and how I would architect a system of tests for a product. Towards the end of the interview I was asked if I could showcase a framework that I have implemented in the past, and of course with non-disclosure agreements I am unable to share that information. The interviewer seemed disappointed that I didn't have one created that he could look at, and I feel as though the interview went downhill from there. I have decided to create my own framework so that I can show potential employers my work. The question that I have is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is a website that I can test(create the framework around), that is not my employers?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am just wondering what sites other professionals in this field have used for there own personal frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2016-02-23T18:23:11.230" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T19:39:43.733" Title="Personal framework project website" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-02-23T20:22:43.240" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17220" CreationDate="2016-02-23T18:42:05.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So IIUC, what website to write the tests for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any website accessible by public is OK. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding new blog posts in blogger.com.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checking &quot;where is the George&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wheresgeorge.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.wheresgeorge.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Online ordering from Staples.com or ordering pizza. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tracking a ticker price for stock, notify on up or down. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything you care about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure that website had decent locators for the controls. Or maybe show your XPATH skills with some website which does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T18:42:05.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17220" CreationDate="2016-02-23T19:34:46.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This site has pages that are good for exercising the various types of web elements: &lt;a href=&quot;https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T19:34:46.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17220" CreationDate="2016-02-23T19:39:43.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I might refer to Joe Strazzere's post in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7312/what-is-a-good-website-to-hack-around-using-selenium/8769#8769&quot;&gt;this similar question&lt;/a&gt; about not using Selenium on public websites without authorization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion would be one of these two websites, which are available specifically to run Selenium tests on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://store.demoqa.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://store.demoqa.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They might not be the most difficult, although the second one has a nice variety of different types of inputs and challenges. I'm also experimenting with a Selenium framework, and use that site to test everything on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Frankly, the interviewers are most interested in the &lt;strong&gt;framework&lt;/strong&gt;, not in how you click through a random website... If you can show a decent solution with clean code, pageobjects, data-driven examples, ... that's much more important than having a complex website.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-02-23T19:39:43.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17224" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-23T20:32:38.673" Score="4" ViewCount="188" Body="&lt;p&gt;What would be the additional benefits of wrapping a bdd(behavior development design) framework around a proprietary test tool besides the natural language aspect of the test steps? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions for tools that would ease such a bdd integration with test tool/tools? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16854" LastEditorUserId="16854" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T15:01:48.763" LastActivityDate="2020-06-15T08:29:01.710" Title="Tie/Wrap a BDD framework around any testing tool" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17176" CreationDate="2016-02-23T22:20:51.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Geofencing testing is a must for our team because geofencing requires employees that are punching in (or punching out) to be within a specified proximity range of an assigned location. For example, a gaming industry employee would be restricted to punching in using their mobile app within 20 feet of a specific door to the casino.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorUserId="51" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T20:32:58.313" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T20:32:58.313" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17176" CreationDate="2016-02-24T05:07:03.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest Interrupt Testing is also must. In Interrupt testing we checks how our application behaves if we gets any phone call if we are using the application.&#xA;Sometime the data syncing is affected if we gets a phone call in between a sync process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T05:07:03.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17227" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17260" CreationDate="2016-02-24T05:29:15.767" Score="1" ViewCount="1117" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between using the &lt;strong&gt;hamcrest-library-1.3.jar&lt;/strong&gt; that comes bundled with Selenium Webdriver (I use v2.49) and &lt;strong&gt;hamcrest-all-1.3.jar&lt;/strong&gt; found on the official website of Hamcrest &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/archive/p/hamcrest/downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/archive/p/hamcrest/downloads&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the hamcrest-library-1.3.jar sufficient or will I be missing out on any features by not having the hamcrest-all-1.3.jar configured?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also the &lt;strong&gt;hamcrest-core-1.3.jar&lt;/strong&gt; that comes with Selenium Webdriver which is described as &quot;(bare-bones minimum)&quot; in their official webpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T05:17:46.707" Title="Difference between Hamcrest-library jar and Hamcrest-all jar" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17783" CreationDate="2016-02-24T06:24:58.803" Score="1" ViewCount="4196" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating tests of a GUI application similar to calculator. I am using Java and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; for implementing the test cases. I need to take screenshot on failure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried taking screenshot using BufferedImage, but it takes the screenshot of the complete page. I need to take the screenshot of the application excluding the background. For Ex:- like taking snapshot using WebDriver. Is is possible to achieve this?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T11:55:47.607" LastActivityDate="2020-04-26T07:30:55.817" Title="How to take the screenshot of a window based GUI application?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;autoit&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17230" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-24T07:01:14.823" Score="0" ViewCount="1096" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void waitForPageLoad(WebDriver driver){&#xA;    while(true){&#xA;        String page_status =(String)((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;);&#xA;        if(page_status.equals(&quot;complete&quot;)){&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw people using the above method in framework to wait till page finishes the JS loading.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But why to write this method as the selenium scripts doesn't execute when we navigate to next page and the page isn't loaded completely.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I guess this is used if any action made is refreshing the page, say removing a product from the cart of a online shopping site ?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Am i correct or is there any other reason ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16760" LastEditorUserId="14567" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T07:38:51.840" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T05:32:20.907" Title="What is the use of waitForPageLoad() method in Framework when our test scripts don't execute unless the page is loaded by default" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;assert&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17228" CreationDate="2016-02-24T07:09:51.573" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, this is simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void getscreenshot() throws Exception &#xA;{&#xA;    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    //The below method will save the screen shot in d drive with name &quot;screenshot.png&quot;&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;D:\\screenshot.png&quot;));&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this method for taking a screenshot.                                            &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16760" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T22:01:35.880" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T22:01:35.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17228" CreationDate="2016-02-24T07:13:36.200" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to augment the RemoteWebDriver to give it all of the interfaces its proxied driver implements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(&#xA;    new URL(&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot;), &#xA;    DesiredCapabilities.firefox());&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver augmentedDriver = new Augmenter().augment(driver); &#xA;((TakesScreenshot)augmentedDriver).getScreenshotAs(...);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16760" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T22:02:26.520" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T22:02:26.520" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17233" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-24T07:18:23.383" Score="2" ViewCount="8200" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was automating the script using headless(HtmlUnitDriver) browser but I wanted to know the limitations of headless(HtmlUnitDriver) browsers for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can headless browser deal with IFrames?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can headless browser perform upload files functionality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can headless browser deal with alerts, pop-up windows?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like above questions I want to know what all functionalities which can be performed using actual browser but cannot be performed using headless(HtmlUnitDriver) browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T13:16:39.143" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T09:42:17.770" Title="What are the limitations of Headless(HtmlUnitDriver) browser testing in selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17235" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-24T08:52:40.913" Score="0" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our sprint backlog is usually ordered, so that we have User Stories on top and bugs at the bottom (in the order they were detected). In our backlog, all items that are in the current sprint, are on top, and the rest is ordered by topic below. Accordingly, I would like to have new bugs, added at the end of the sprint, but not at the end of the whole backlog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, there are two ways of adding a bug to the backlog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Home -&gt; Create New -&gt; Bug&#xA;Work -&gt; Backlog -&gt; New -&gt; Bug&#xA;With the first option, the bug's iteration's default value is the current sprint, and it is added at the end. However, it's not just at the end of the sprint, but and the end of the whole backlog.&#xA;With the second option, the bug is at the top of the backlog and I have to select the current iteration manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both options require additional (stupid) work of the scrum-master, namely moving the items to the end of only the current sprint. Currently, I prefer the first option, as the disadvantage is &quot;only&quot; a messy backlog. My biggest problem with the second option is that people (including me) forget to change the iteration to the current sprint, which leads to developers not noticing a newly reported bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to have new bugs, added at the right position without any extra work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: With the recent update, I can drag and drop multiple PBIs at the same time, which makes positioning the bugs easier. However, I would still be interested in a solution that avoids moving around bugs manually altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12912" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2016-04-30T01:31:25.037" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T10:16:27.277" Title="Add bug at the end of sprint in TFS" Tags="&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17237" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17239" CreationDate="2016-02-24T09:49:00.137" Score="1" ViewCount="474" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I want run my behat test like in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.magecasts.io/tdd/behat-part3.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this tutorial&lt;/a&gt;, I get an error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;➜  test.dev bin/behat --suite=system&#xA;PHP Fatal error:  Cannot redeclare class SystemContext in /Applications/MAMP/htdocs/test.dev/features/bootstrap/SystemContex.php on line 12&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I do not know why, because I wrote my &lt;code&gt;behat.yml&lt;/code&gt; like at &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.behat.org/en/v3.0/guides/5.suites.html#suite-paths&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;default:&#xA;    suites:&#xA;        site:&#xA;            paths: [ %paths.base%/features/site ]&#xA;            contexts: [ SiteContext ]&#xA;        system:&#xA;            paths: [ %paths.base%/features/system ]&#xA;            contexts: [ SystemContex ]&#xA;extensions:&#xA;    MageTest\MagentoExtension\Extension: ~&#xA;    Behat\MinkExtension:&#xA;        base_url: 'http://test.dev/'&#xA;        selenium2:&#xA;            wd_host: http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub&#xA;            browser: firefox&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My file structure is like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;project-dir&#xA;├── behat.yml&#xA;├── bin&#xA;│   └── behat&#xA;├── composer.json&#xA;├── composer.lock&#xA;├── features&#xA;│   ├── bootstrap&#xA;│   │   ├── FeatureContext.php&#xA;│   │   ├── SiteContext.php&#xA;│   │   └── SystemContext.php&#xA;│   ├── site&#xA;│   │   └── ...&#xA;│   └── system&#xA;│       └── check_baseurl.feature&#xA;├── htdocs&#xA;│   ├── app&#xA;│   ├── downloader&#xA;│   ├── index.php&#xA;│   ├── js&#xA;│   ├── skin&#xA;│   ├── var&#xA;│   └── ...&#xA;└── vendor&#xA;    ├── autoload.php&#xA;    ├── behat&#xA;    ├── magetest&#xA;    └── ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14735" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T23:34:08.310" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T23:34:08.310" Title="Why does behat call my context class twice?" Tags="&lt;php&gt;&lt;behat&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17171" CreationDate="2016-02-24T10:03:59.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Personas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personas are used in marketing and are fictional character that condensate the attributes of a category of users. Each persona will have his/her unique story, needs and goals and will use an application to satisfy them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should create at least a persona for each segment of the expected audience of your application, you can also reuse personas defined for other application if they applies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each way a persona in your set will use your application to satisfy their needs or goals, should be tested scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T10:03:59.610" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17237" CreationDate="2016-02-24T10:11:05.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Important:&lt;/strong&gt; several problems occur because you copy and paste behat.yml from website to your behat.yml - there are sometimes whitespaces, that you can't see but will effect your behat system!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should re-write the &lt;code&gt;behat.yml&lt;/code&gt;, the context mentioned in behat.yml is wrong. It should be as follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;default: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;       suites: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;          default: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;             paths: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;                 features: features/site &lt;br&gt;&#xA;                 contexts: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;                      - SiteContext &lt;br&gt;&#xA;          system: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;             paths:      [ %paths.base%/features/system ]&#xA;             contexts:   [ SystemContext  ]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default context is searched in bootstrap folder, you just have to mention the filename of the context file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to execute the suite execute the following command&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bin/behat --suite=system&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; use &lt;code&gt;bin/behat&lt;/code&gt; in command if you are executing suite from project root directory. If you are in &lt;code&gt;bin&lt;/code&gt; folder just use &lt;code&gt;behat&lt;/code&gt; before execution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="14735" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T11:24:52.643" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T11:24:52.643" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17241" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-24T11:35:24.590" Score="1" ViewCount="5837" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked the following question during an interview:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today is the release date and you have found some bugs. Being a Senior SQA Engineer, how would you write an email to a client about this situation? Would you postpone release or do something else? What would you write in your email?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T04:15:04.823" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T13:39:52.907" Title="How do you write an email to a client, if you found bugs on software release date?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17209" CreationDate="2016-02-24T11:41:58.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think, you should not choose automation tool based on programming language used in development. you should be doing this only if you are planning to involve your developers in automation process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following 2 important points should be considered while choosing automation tool this many resolve your query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should try to figure out which automation tool will be good for automating your application regardless the language used by tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have more than 1 automation tool which fulfills your automation needs, then try to select the tool that your team can adopt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T11:41:58.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17241" CreationDate="2016-02-24T11:50:49.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your actions should be as below before writing an email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the list of bugs and its priority&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quick discussion with dev team, how long will it take this to resolve the bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the history and try to find out reason of bugs why this were missed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to figure out the impact of bugs on release.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If impact is big your email should conclude to postpone the release and if impact is low your email should conclude in such a way that client needs to take decision on it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then put all this details in polite way and send an email to client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T11:50:49.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14659" CreationDate="2016-02-24T13:14:35.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To manipulate the &amp;quot;Product_Sold&amp;quot; value, you need to put both values in the Examples Table as shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Examples:&#xA;|&amp;lt;Product_Sold&amp;gt;|&#xA;|&amp;quot;No&amp;quot;|&#xA;|&amp;quot;Yes&amp;quot;|&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step File:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Given(Change the status of Product_Sold by Java method )&#xA;public void changeStatusOfProductSold(ExamplesTable table)&#xA;{&#xA;   boolean replaceNamedParameters = true;&#xA;   // Select the value &amp;quot;Yes&amp;quot; for Product_Sold&#xA;   table.getRowAsParameters(1, replaceNamedParameters).valueAs(&amp;quot;Product_Sold&amp;quot;, String.class);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To have a better understanding of how to manipulate tabular parameters in jbehave example tabe, follow the below mentioned link&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org/reference/stable/tabular-parameters.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jbehave.org/reference/stable/tabular-parameters.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16461" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T08:22:15.390" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T08:22:15.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17241" CreationDate="2016-02-24T13:51:11.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will always find some bugs, even on a release date. It just depend how though you test. My presumption is that on release date is too late to fix anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is space to make some hotfix, ask your DEV team to solve showstoppers/blockers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later, with the rest of bugs: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your communication with customer is set to be transparent and trustful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definitely, you SHOULD report them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Best practice is to make standard part of the delivery a &quot;List of known bugs&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the quick communication on the list of the bugs with customer to decide, which of them should be hotfixed ASAP and which will wait till next release or if there is a showstopper/blocker which cannot be released. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make this points to be your project habit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your communication is not set to be transparent and trustful, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make steps to set it up first, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be diplomatic, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;show the errors to internal team, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;raise that issue, but &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;let the Project Manager to tell it to the customer. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recommend to your PM points 1..3 above. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(or eventually find another project/job if this is not possible to be set).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T13:56:47.980" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T13:56:47.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8029" CreationDate="2016-02-24T14:01:36.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//ul[@id='ctl00_MainContent_view1Extender_SearchBarAutoComplete2_2_completionListElem']//li&quot;));&#xA;    java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; program = elements.iterator();&#xA;    while (program.hasNext()) {&#xA;        String values = program.next().getText();&#xA;&#xA;        if(!values.equals(&quot;null&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            testStepPassed(&quot;Field should display all the Programs defined for the provider &quot; +values);&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            testStepFailed(&quot;Field is not display all the Programs defined for the provider &quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16869" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-24T14:11:36.333" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T14:11:36.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17241" CreationDate="2016-02-24T14:12:33.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As this is an interview question I would like to tackle it from another point of view. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of talking about the content of a possible e-mail I would do something else, describe that I do not think this is part of the QA role. I think we have a signaling role and not a role to communicate with end-clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the severity of the found issues I would give a GO/NO-GO advise to our internal business owners and let them communicate or discuss this with the client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T14:12:33.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17233" CreationDate="2016-02-24T15:12:38.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Headless browsers can do all the things you mentioned. The main discussion around headless browser these days is based around speed versus accuracy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some strengths of headless browsers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to run far more instances simultaneously than non-headless drivers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can make use of large amounts of factory-generated or manually created test variables in Data-Driven Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run-time can be reduced by up to 50% for most tasks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can be executed without taking up the screen context of a computer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some weaknesses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hard to debug inconsistent failures on locating elements due to page&#xA;loading too fast &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unintended interactions (losing the benefit of&#xA;automated UI testing vs integration or unit testing) due to&#xA;speed/headless state of browser &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code for non-headless drivers will not always work when driver is switched to htmlunit. I.e. switching between ChromeDriver and FirefoxDriver is usually pretty consistent&#xA;in success rate with same code, but switching to HtmlUnit might need&#xA;extra tending to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tradeoffs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Speed vs Consistency - Higher failure rate not as big of a deal with screenshots on fail or tools like saucelabs which record entire runs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More specific code vs more general code - Some pages/elements will need&#xA;specific waits and tailoring in headless browsers, whereas it is&#xA;pretty straightforward to code for nonheadless&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15644" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T15:12:38.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17224" CreationDate="2016-02-24T15:34:15.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel some of the additional benefits are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Isolation of test harness from the testing tool. By this I mean the only point the test tool is invoked is when performing actions on the web browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Natural pagination by excepting the previous step to put into appropriate page context for the current step to act on.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Better reporting by means of natural english sentences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hierarchical/structured approach to testing allows for better debugging since there is a narrower view. So a step failing could be tracked back to an action as opposed to navigating through an entire script of actions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to a tool, I have written the following which allows cucumber-js to integrate with any testing tool by means of a driver: wrap-bdd on a &lt;strong&gt;nodejs&lt;/strong&gt; platform. Only drivers so far implemented as an example are for test complete and test execute tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/vsashidh/generator-wrap-bdd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/vsashidh/generator-wrap-bdd&lt;/a&gt; : installer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/vsashidh/wrapping-BDD&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/vsashidh/wrapping-BDD&lt;/a&gt; : main&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16872" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T22:03:36.353" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T22:03:36.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17241" CreationDate="2016-02-24T16:05:15.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;strong&gt;exactly&lt;/strong&gt; why QA should be quality &lt;strong&gt;assistance&lt;/strong&gt; not assurance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When bug is found closely to release date, QA informs management. Business decides if it is a release-critical bug (and release is postponed), or not critical, and bug is added to list of known bugs and triaged for fixing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is &lt;strong&gt;business&lt;/strong&gt; decision, not QA decision, to release a product, which likely has many other (non-release-critical) bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failure of QA was not to miss the bug, but &lt;strong&gt;to test critical areas well ahead of the release&lt;/strong&gt; so such surprises will be avoided, and to &lt;strong&gt;get release code stable enough ahead of release&lt;/strong&gt; to have time to do so. But again, buck stops with the management &lt;strong&gt;failing to develop the corporate culture prioritizing the quality, establishing processes&lt;/strong&gt; to have automated tests for critical areas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality cannot be &quot;assured&quot; by more diligent testing&lt;/strong&gt; - only by &lt;strong&gt;consistently following the process&lt;/strong&gt; which builds quality into the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What exactly you do depends of way too many variables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do you have one customer, or many? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how important is the bug for majority of customers: inconvenience? are lives at risk?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how critical is the bug for keeping good name for your brand&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how customers will be affected if release is postponed, do they have a workaround, say continuing to use old release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how important are other features released (if ie. regulations are changing for certain date, you have to release even with release-critical bugs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how long it will take and how much it will cost to release new fixed release (resources)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do you have skills to fix it, or you have to pay someone else&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that many of these variables are business-related, not QA-releated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see this Workplace.SE question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/62542/how-to-tell-client-about-having-missed-their-deadline&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/62542/how-to-tell-client-about-having-missed-their-deadline&lt;/a&gt; - and more there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:48:41.417" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T19:02:49.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17253" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-24T17:50:44.740" Score="2" ViewCount="808" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel like I'm chasing my tail on this one, but I need to be able to test in languages not listed under Settings &gt; Language &amp;amp; Input &gt; Language. I've spoken with Samsung &amp;amp; Motorola and they tell me that it is impossible. I'm not willing to accept that answer as I know there has to be a way to test language support for the mobile apps I test. This is where Android gets stingy and makes Apple look like the savior of all things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11348" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T11:26:05.347" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T01:05:13.690" Title="Internationalization and localization Testing: How to test app on Android which do not have that particular language support" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;languages&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-05-09T08:46:35.790" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-24T18:00:26.237" Score="1" ViewCount="1850" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am considering to try out starting up/building a Software QA freelancing/consulting type of business. I have some skills in automation, and know at least java/javascript language. I just don't know how to maybe market my skills to build up my own business as a software QA. Any advice on this? Thanks :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some details on my situation based on the comments/answers posted on my original question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My Location&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am physically located in the US, in the south, where IT is not really that I could say, popular? I am very new in the US coming from Asia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why Hire Me?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the skill that a lot of IT companies wants to have in a QA and also the experience&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What makes my service valuable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cost&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is my education background?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bachelor's degree in Computer Science&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What commercial QA software I or my company own?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No commercial QA software. I am more into Open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.Would I bring my own hardware or be accessing the client's hardware?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can do both&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have you thought about branding and a website?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes I have HTML/CSS/Javascript knowledge but website design is my weakness and, marketing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T19:26:08.833" Title="How to start up a QA consulting business?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-02-26T09:22:33.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17254" CreationDate="2016-02-24T19:26:08.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just some random thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check websites or brochures of small or medium sized companies for dead links, spelling or missing imprints.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download their demo software and try to break it in every possible way &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send them your analysis results for free and mention that you are looking for consulting work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottom line is that you can prove upfront that you can add value to their business &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastActivityDate="2016-02-24T19:26:08.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17257" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17263" CreationDate="2016-02-25T04:11:45.247" Score="3" ViewCount="1666" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been working as QA Engineer since last 2 years. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, my company is looking to change the QA process. They want me to be involved in Project kickoff meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please help me to understand the things I need to consider in project kickoff meeting from the perspective of QA Engineer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16329" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T21:59:03.317" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T21:59:03.317" Title="What roles can QA Engineer play in project kick off meeting?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17230" CreationDate="2016-02-25T05:01:22.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But why to write this method as the selenium scripts doesn't execute&#xA;  when we navigate to next page and the page isn't loaded completely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok I totally get why you feel that piece of code is trivial. Well we all know how good a tool Selenium is and we expect it should be at least wait for page load out. Unfortunately it is not that simple for Selenium, as it doesn't know if you clicked a real link which takes to new URL or link to the same page or some JS to do some rich UI stuff. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no way for Selenium to track the impact that a click has on the browsers' internals. It might try to poll the browser for its page-loaded status immediately after clicking, but that's open to a race condition where the browser was multitasking, hasn't quite got round to dealing with the click yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that clarifies your query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T05:01:22.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17227" CreationDate="2016-02-25T05:17:46.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;hamcrest-all-1.3.jar&lt;/strong&gt; is not required and you won't be missing out on any features if you skip that jar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you have noted for Selenium WebDriver two jars file included in Reference Libraries are &lt;strong&gt;hamcrest-core-1.3.jar&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;hamcrest-library-1.3.ja&lt;/strong&gt;r. These two covers all important packages and only thing you will be missing &lt;strong&gt;org.hamcrest.generator.*&lt;/strong&gt; (if you need more info refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/archive/p/hamcrest/wikis/HamcrestDistributables.wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/archive/p/hamcrest/wikis/HamcrestDistributables.wiki&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T05:17:46.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17261" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T05:51:59.037" Score="1" ViewCount="1178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using a controller, I am trying to connect two remote machines to start the test. With low load (example: 50 users) I was able to run all the 5 scripts. My goal is to run with 1000 users. When I do remote start all from the controller, I don't see any traffic or users doing activity. After some time when I stop the test, I see negative number in threads count in upper right corner. Suggest a solution!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16886" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T06:22:56.097" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T17:55:49.780" Title="Unable to start the test in JMeter with 1000 users . (I see thread count in negative)" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16277" CreationDate="2016-02-25T06:44:43.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitely not, I think. It should start with whether the result is pass or not but further details are required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a pass, add the details like small snippet on which data it is passed. Because many a times a scenario passes in test but fails in live. So it is always helpful to track what was missed in test, which will save a lot of time for dev and would add learning to test. This is a little overhead but it is worth making.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a fail then add the details about failure and yet again mention the details of data on which test is executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16848" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T06:44:43.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17257" CreationDate="2016-02-25T08:15:42.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you get some spotlight time during a kickoff meeting, you're probably expected to represent QA/Testing.&#xA;It then seems logical to highlight some key points which will be relevant during the project duration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of potentially interesting topics you might address:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test strategy, test approaches to be used (you could also expand on, for example, entry and exit criteria)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test (status) reporting to management (how, frequency, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;role of test team in relation to other teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test automation (which technologies, goals, estimated effort...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just think of what you'll actually be doing and how relevant those things can be for a kickoff meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T08:15:42.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17782" CreationDate="2016-02-25T08:37:08.967" Score="0" ViewCount="12770" Body="&lt;h1&gt;TLDR&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;HP Run Results Viewer&lt;/code&gt; of UFT 12.52 shows &lt;code&gt;Could not load run result.&lt;/code&gt; message on opening test result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;About UFT 12.52 Results viewing&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UFT 12.52 has two possibility for results viewing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Inside HP UFT window&lt;/strong&gt; as a separate tab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/98ZXV.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/98ZXV.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. In Run Results Viewer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZjNR2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZjNR2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;The problem. Can only view last result&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can not open test result I want (just the last ones and only in &lt;code&gt;UFT&lt;/code&gt; tool, not in &lt;code&gt;HP Run Results Viewer&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; When I try to open any test result in &lt;code&gt;Run Results Viewer&lt;/code&gt; with option &lt;code&gt;Results XML file&lt;/code&gt; (even those which were able to open in UFT Result View, see pic 1) there is an error &quot;Could not load run result.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CUvrC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CUvrC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b)&lt;/strong&gt; When I try to open any test result in &lt;code&gt;Run Results Viewer&lt;/code&gt; with option &lt;code&gt;Test name&lt;/code&gt; there are no &lt;code&gt;Run names&lt;/code&gt; displayed (but they do exist):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B4ySz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/B4ySz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; My scripts do change results folder (this could be the reason as it mentioned in the post &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.hpe.com/t5/Quality-Center-Support-and-News/HP-Run-results-viewer-error-Could-not-load-run-result/td-p/6776344&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HP Run results viewer error - Could not load run result.&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Please review if there are functions in your test scripts (or test calls to other scripts) that touch the resultsdirectory,  there has been issues where the test cases have code lines to manipulate the results directory to delete data from them. Based on your description,  it only happens with some test instance,  not all test cases; which indicates that those test instances are from the same test case which have code or functions with code lines that touches the resultsdirectory.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I created new test in UFT 12.52 which does just simply &lt;code&gt;a = 2 + 2&lt;/code&gt;, run it, tried to open results in &lt;code&gt;HP Run Results Viewer&lt;/code&gt;, the result was the same &lt;code&gt;Could not load run result.&lt;/code&gt; message (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnqtp.com/forums/Thread-Reporter-unable-to-load-results-when-objects-are-involved&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the test does not even involve objects&lt;/a&gt; not in Descriptive Programming neither in Object Repository style). So this is not the reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;d)&lt;/strong&gt; Can only open last results in HP UFT Result Viewer (internal) but as you can see there is even no specification which result you are opening (Res1, Res2,3,...??? just name of the test):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KkdeI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KkdeI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;e)&lt;/strong&gt; Performed clean uninstall of UFT (&lt;a href=&quot;https://qtpuninstaller.codeplex.com/downloads/get/599198&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;download link&lt;/a&gt;) than installed again but the result was the same. (&lt;strong&gt;Warning:&lt;/strong&gt; java objects recognition was broken after the clean uninstall)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;f)&lt;/strong&gt; Removed &lt;code&gt;HP Run Results Viewer&lt;/code&gt; (by running reinstallation of UTF, selected &lt;code&gt;Change&lt;/code&gt; and deselected Results Viewer), run test in UFT and result is still shown in internal results viewer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;g)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;HP Run Results Viewer 12.52&lt;/code&gt; opens run results created by QTP 11.00 just fine, still having problems with 12.52 test results&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Question&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I open any run result (not only recent) in &lt;code&gt;HP UFT Result Viewer (internal)&lt;/code&gt; or in &lt;code&gt;Run Results Viewer&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T07:04:35.880" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T14:10:54.757" Title="UFT Run Results Viewer does not open test results" Tags="&lt;test-report&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;uft-12.52&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12041" CreationDate="2016-02-25T09:49:26.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may have already found a solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I faced the same issue when was doing automation for peoplesoft application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the other solutions provided here did not work for me, I had to find a solution myself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;If you have already used a &lt;code&gt;driver.switchto.frame&lt;/code&gt; command then before moving to next iframe switch back to default content using &lt;code&gt;driver.switchto.defaultcontent()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16892" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T14:03:18.457" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T14:03:18.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17266" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T09:58:09.663" Score="1" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently preparing for an exam on software quality assurance. By looking through slides and &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-white-box-or-structure-based-or-structural-testing-techniques/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB material&lt;/a&gt;, I got to the question: &quot;which role the requirements play in white-box testing?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, for black-box testing it is quite clear, there I would write tests by just looking at the requirements/specifications and test whether the software does comply to these. But, for white-box testing, how much should I look at the requirements and should white-box test-cases be based on requirements at all? Or, should they primarily aim to achieve high code coverage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16891" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T08:23:15.860" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T08:23:15.860" Title="What role does requirements play in generating test cases for white box testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T11:33:26.213" Score="2" ViewCount="2736" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen that Protractor tests can be run with a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/mobile-setup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile Setup as described in Protractor Documentation&lt;/a&gt;, but this means you are running the tests on emulators. What I would like to accomplish is having the Protractor tests running in real mobile devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot find any clue if this is possible and how can I do it. I am currently testing a website, so I use Protractor for automate an smoke and regression test. It would be very useful if I can use the same tests over different browsers and physical mobile devices that we already have on our company to test manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody use Protractor in that way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16251" LastEditorUserId="16251" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T11:54:21.023" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T04:10:52.603" Title="Can Protractor tests be run in a mobile device and How?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17266" CreationDate="2016-02-25T11:56:48.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;White-box Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;White box testing is a testing technique, that examines the program structure and derives test data from the program logic/code. The other names of glass box testing are clear box testing, open box testing, logic driven testing or path driven testing or structural testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;White-box Testing related requirement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;UNDERSTAND THE SOURCE CODE&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CREATE TEST PLAN AND EXECUTE&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CREATE TEST CASES AND EXECUTE&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;White-box Testing Techniques&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;     In unit testing, use one by one modules and test sub-module.Unit testing is performed on each unit or block of code as it is developed.Unit testing is essentially done by the programmer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verify in White Box Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Basically verify the security holes in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the broken or incomplete paths in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the flow of structure mention in the specification document.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the Expected outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the all conditional loops in the code to check the complete functionality of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify the line by line or Section by Section in the code &amp;amp; cover the 100% testing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BXIKC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BXIKC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T11:56:48.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17270" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T12:04:09.600" Score="0" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an issue while executing a test suite. Some of the test methods are automatically executed even though they are not specified in test suite. I am using TestNG + WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I have two test methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;verifyContentOnSignUpScreen&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;verifyLinkPresentOnFooterSection&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my test suite I have only mentioned &lt;code&gt;verifyContentOnSignUpScreen&lt;/code&gt; but when executing the suite both test methods are executed. I am unable to find the mistake in my suite and test methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Suite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;regressionSuite&quot; parallel=&quot;none&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;ApplicationOpt&quot; value=&quot;web&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;userEmailAddress&quot;value=&quot;xxxxx@gmail.com&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- Sign and Login Module --&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;Tests.Login.LoginApp&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;method&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include name=&quot;verifyContentOnSignUpScreen&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include name=&quot;verifyLinkPresentOnFooterSection&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/method&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- regressionSuite --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    package Tests.Login;&#xA;&#xA;    public class LoginApp extends UtilProject{&#xA;&#xA;        // UI Login screen&#xA;        UILoginApp UiLoginAp = new UILoginApp();&#xA;&#xA;        // Data Login module &#xA;        TestData.Login.DataLoginApp dataLogin = new TestData.Login.DataLoginApp();&#xA;&#xA;        // Action Login app&#xA;        ActionLoginApp actLogin = new ActionLoginApp();&#xA;&#xA;        // Navigate Login Login App&#xA;        NavigationLoginApp naviLogin = new NavigationLoginApp();&#xA;&#xA;        //Web Navigation&#xA;        NavigationWeb naviWeb = new NavigationWeb();&#xA;&#xA;        //Create Instance of Extent report&#xA;        ExtentReports extentRep = extentReportGenerator(this.getClass().getName());&#xA;&#xA;        //Email utility &#xA;        emailUtility emailUti = new emailUtility();&#xA;&#xA;        //Navigation Sign up &#xA;        final static NavigationSingUp navigSignup = new NavigationSingUp();&#xA;&#xA;        final static UIcustomerSignUp UisignUP = new UIcustomerSignUp();&#xA;&#xA;        //Verify the content on the Sign Up screen (priority=0)&#xA;        /**&#xA;         * Verify content on Web User sign In screen&#xA;         */&#xA;        @Test&#xA;        public void verifyContentOnSignUpScreen(){&#xA;            try {&#xA;                extentRep.startTest(&quot;Verify contnet on the Login and Sign Up screen&quot;);&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiEleStrtNow));&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiloginScreenImgSlider));&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiloginScreenCodeInput));&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiloginScreenCodeButton));&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiLoginScreenHeaderSection));&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiLoginScreenHeaderSignUpAnSignIn));&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//img[@class='sliderVideo']&quot;))).click();&#xA;&#xA;                driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;iframeDemoVideo&quot;)));&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiloginScreenMediaPlay)).click();&#xA;                driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&#xA;                wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiloginScreenMediaClose)).click();&#xA;                extentRep.log(LogStatus.PASS, &quot;Expected content is present on sign in and sin up screen &quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;                extentRep.log(LogStatus.PASS, &quot;Conent on the Sign Up screen is not appeared correctly&quot;);&#xA;                extentRep.endTest();&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;                Assert.fail();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void verifyLinkPresentOnFooterSection(){&#xA;        try {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;verifyLinkPresentOnFooterSection&quot;);&#xA;            extentRep.startTest(&quot;Verify Privacy Policy,Terms of Service and Give Feedback link on footer section is working or not&quot;);&#xA;            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiLoginFooterSectonLinkPrivacyPolicy)).click();&#xA;            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiLoginFooterSectionPopupClose)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiLoginFooterSectonLinkTermOfService)).click();&#xA;            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiLoginFooterSectionPopupClose)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiLoginAp.UiLoginFooterSectonLinkGiveFeebBack));&#xA;            extentRep.log(LogStatus.PASS, &quot;Verify Privacy Policy,Terms of Service and Give Feedback link on footer section is working&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            extentRep.log(LogStatus.FAIL, &quot;Links on sign / Sign up screen is not present&quot;);&#xA;            extentRep.endTest();&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            Assert.fail();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14526" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T14:02:05.063" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T07:07:16.340" Title="Test methods executed which is are mentioned in test suite xml" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17257" CreationDate="2016-02-25T12:45:28.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can contribute on a few levels-&#xA;As a test engineer about testing and testability asking how (many times a day, many test setups do we need, much budget etc.), when (stage of the project, maturity of the code, etc.), who (developers, testers, automation), where (your lab ? outsource ?), what (latest master ? branches ? ) and so on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an Engineer having better understanding of the overall picture and processes you can step out and see what is missing, some examples- development to testing, CI, real usage scenarios, integration etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an Engineer knowing something about design and coding&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottom line is- don't feel bad sitting near experienced and smart software engineers or managers, in some areas you have  better knowledge then they do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T12:45:28.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17272" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T12:46:43.990" Score="3" ViewCount="5115" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some tools for testing the background rest API and web services for mobile application based on android as well as iPhone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16562" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T04:38:46.843" Title="Tools for mobile web services, rest api testing" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17273" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17294" CreationDate="2016-02-25T13:05:56.693" Score="-3" ViewCount="975" Body="&lt;p&gt;i am using selenium with java &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public void main(String args[]){&#xA;    try{&#xA;      if(ele.isDisplayed) {&#xA;        syso(&quot;test1&quot;);&#xA;      } else {&#xA;        syso(&quot;test2&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;    } catch(Exception e){&#xA;      syso(&quot;Exception is&quot;+e);&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First i will check element is visible as default i know it is not visible so&lt;br&gt;&#xA;i want to go inside else statement hear&lt;br&gt;&#xA;i am not going inside else condition   directly getting exception,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;how to go inside else condition? i tried removing try catch block please help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T07:55:46.617" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T08:03:19.360" Title="How to move inside else not to catch?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2016-03-10T18:14:19.633" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17273" CreationDate="2016-02-25T14:12:10.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understood your code, you are trying to go test2 when test1 fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can rewrite your code as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;try {&#xA;ele.isDisplayed&#xA;syso(&quot;test1&quot;)&#xA;} catch(Exception e){&#xA;syso(&quot;test2&quot;)&#xA;} catch(Exception e) {&#xA;syso(&quot;Exception is&quot;+e);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T14:22:49.323" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T14:22:49.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T14:43:49.443" Score="4" ViewCount="1703" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some Problem solving techniques that can be used in testing. For example I need to think of all the test ideas to test a module ..administrator module for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I improve test coverage with using creative methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16899" LastActivityDate="2016-02-27T07:13:26.187" Title="What are some Problem solving techniques that can be used in testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-02-26T12:48:27.143" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T14:47:48.503" Score="0" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Jmeter when I do a load test I download a document in the application but the result is viewed as &quot;You cannot open this document because no login server has been detected&quot;. However I'm able to download the file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16729" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-01T12:32:21.497" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T12:32:21.497" Title="JMeter authentication problems" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17277" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-25T14:50:24.310" Score="1" ViewCount="458" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a Magento shop and want BDD-tests for our system - locally and later on server side. How can I setup an Behat environment on my mac with MAMP?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14735" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T14:50:24.310" Title="How to setup Behat for Magento on Mac with MAMP?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17277" CreationDate="2016-02-25T14:50:24.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my first try to setup Behat Magetest for Magento on my MacOS - my tests run quite well and I want to share my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1HKyD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1HKyD.png&quot; alt=&quot;My Behat test worked well with PHPStorm Behat plugin&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all you should download MAMP Pro and Magento, if you did not do it already. It works without MAMP too - but that is how I did it - so feel free to work without MAMP. My final tests are based on the sample data provided by Magento, so get them as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System:&lt;/strong&gt; Mac OS X El Capitan (10.11.3)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MAMP Pro:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mamp.info/de/downloads/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3.5&lt;/a&gt; (sorry for german interface screenshots in MAMP, do not know how to set it to english)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Magento:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.magentocommerce.com/download#download1757&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1.9.1.0&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.magentocommerce.com/download#download1759&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sample Data&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Version 8 Update 74&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let us start:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setup Environment with MAMP Pro:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After installing MAMP I use the standard ports (80, 443, 3306).&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5FjgK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5FjgK.png&quot; alt=&quot;Setup ports for your apache and mysql server&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under PHP I'm using Version 5.6.10 - I guess there won't be big differences when you take 5.4.x, but this is at least recommended. And activate xDebug - it is always nice to have a good debugger.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1Zu6B.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1Zu6B.png&quot; alt=&quot;Activate xDebug for php&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you go to the 'Hosts'-tab and create a domain called &lt;code&gt;test.dev&lt;/code&gt; and its document root should be at &lt;code&gt;/Applications/MAMP/htdocs/test.dev/html&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/enIlw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/enIlw.png&quot; alt=&quot;Create your test environment host&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we will work alot with CLI we need MAMP Pros PHP run there as well. Use following command in your CLI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;export PATH=/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php5.6.10/bin:$PATH&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can put this line into your home folder/.bash_profile so you do not need to do this every time again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not do this you will have &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35573676/why-can-magento-behat-test-not-find-my-database/35581565&quot;&gt;database connection problems&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now start your web and database server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setup Magento&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you copy any Magento data use this command in your CLI and restart your finder (ALT+Rightclick). Now you can see hidden files as well like .htaccess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles YES &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You downloaded &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.magentocommerce.com/download#download1757&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Magento 1.9.1.0&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.magentocommerce.com/download#download1759&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sample Data&lt;/a&gt; and extract them in your document root (&lt;code&gt;/Applications/MAMP/htdocs/test.dev/html&lt;/code&gt;). Then you create a database e.g. &lt;code&gt;testdb&lt;/code&gt; and import the sql from the sample data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can open &lt;code&gt;http://test.dev&lt;/code&gt; in your browser and you should see the installation process of Magento. That should be quite easy to finish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any errors occur: check your file and directory access. With MAMP you can change all the access rights to user &lt;code&gt;www&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setup Behat with composer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Composer is a tool that installs software with all dependencies. You will love it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now &lt;a href=&quot;https://getcomposer.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;install composer&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;php -r &quot;readfile('https://getcomposer.org/installer');&quot; &amp;gt; composer-setup.php&#xA;php -r &quot;if (hash('SHA384', file_get_contents('composer-setup.php')) === 'fd26ce67e3b237fffd5e5544b45b0d92c41a4afe3e3f778e942e43ce6be197b9cdc7c251dcde6e2a52297ea269370680') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); }&quot;&#xA;php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer&#xA;php -r &quot;unlink('composer-setup.php');&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now create the behat installation file for composer &lt;code&gt;composer.json&lt;/code&gt; in your project root - &lt;em&gt;NOT&lt;/em&gt; webroot - it should be one level above webroot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your directory tree should look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;test.dev (project directory)&#xA;├── composer.json&#xA;└── html&#xA;    ├── app&#xA;    ├── downloader&#xA;    ├── index.php&#xA;    ├── js&#xA;    ├── skin&#xA;    ├── var&#xA;    └── ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we configure the installation of behat in our composer.json file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;require&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;php&quot;: &quot;&amp;gt;=5.4.0&quot;&#xA;  },&#xA;  &quot;require-dev&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;behat/behat&quot;: &quot;3.0.*&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;magetest/magento-behat-extension&quot;: &quot;dev-feature/Behat3&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;bossa/phpspec2-expect&quot;: &quot;~1.0&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;peridot-php/webdriver-manager&quot;: &quot;dev-master&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;behat/mink-selenium2-driver&quot;: &quot;*&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;behat/mink-goutte-driver&quot;: &quot;1.1.*&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;emagister/selenium-server&quot;: &quot;2.*&quot;&#xA;  },&#xA;  &quot;config&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;bin-dir&quot;: &quot;bin&quot;&#xA;  },&#xA;  &quot;autoload&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;psr-0&quot;: {&#xA;      &quot;MageTest\\PhpSpec\\MagentoExtension&quot;: &quot;src&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;&quot;: [&#xA;        &quot;html/app/code/local&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;html/app/code/community&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;html/app/code/core&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;html/app&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;html/lib&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;features/bootstrap&quot;&#xA;      ],&#xA;      &quot;Mage&quot; : &quot;html/app/code/core&quot;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hint:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;html/app/code/local&lt;/code&gt; is only needed if you have own modules/features - at the moment it should not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can run composer and it will install all needed packages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;composer install&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you change anything late, just use this instead of install:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;composer update&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now your directory tree should look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;project-dir&#xA;├── bin&#xA;│   ├── behat&#xA;│   ├── manager&#xA;│   ├── phpspec&#xA;│   └── selenium-server.jar&#xA;├── composer.json&#xA;├── composer.lock&#xA;├── htdocs&#xA;│   ├── app&#xA;│   ├── downloader&#xA;│   ├── index.php&#xA;│   ├── js&#xA;│   ├── skin&#xA;│   ├── var&#xA;│   └── ...&#xA;└── vendor&#xA;    ├── autoload.php&#xA;    ├── behat&#xA;    ├── magetest&#xA;    └── ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very good - now we can finally setup &lt;code&gt;behat&lt;/code&gt;! We create a &lt;code&gt;behat.yml&lt;/code&gt; file in our project directory with following content:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;default:&#xA;    suites:&#xA;        site:&#xA;            paths:    [ %paths.base%/features/site ]&#xA;            contexts:&#xA;                - SiteContext&#xA;        system:&#xA;            paths:    [ %paths.base%/features/system ]&#xA;            contexts:&#xA;                - SystemContext&#xA;    extensions:&#xA;        MageTest\MagentoExtension\Extension: ~&#xA;        Behat\MinkExtension:&#xA;            base_url: http://test.dev/&#xA;            selenium2:&#xA;                browser: chrome&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hint:&lt;/em&gt; You &lt;strong&gt;REALLY&lt;/strong&gt; have to be carefull with copy paste this code from internet. Because it is like Python - every indent space is important and other white spaces will cause &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17237/why-does-behat-call-my-context-class-twice&quot;&gt;strange behaviors&lt;/a&gt;. I use 4 indent spaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We start with two suites, because I want have backend tests for our system and frontend tests for our webpage. Of course you can do as many suites as you want - just check the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.behat.org/en/v3.0/guides/5.suites.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we initialize our behat environment with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bin/behat --init&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your directory tree should look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;project-dir&#xA;├── behat.yml&#xA;├── bin&#xA;│   └── behat&#xA;├── composer.json&#xA;├── composer.lock&#xA;├── features&#xA;│   ├── bootstrap&#xA;│       ├── SiteContext.php&#xA;│       └── SystemContext.php&#xA;│   ├── site&#xA;│   └── system&#xA;├── htdocs&#xA;│   ├── app&#xA;│   └── ...&#xA;└── vendor&#xA;    ├── autoload.php&#xA;    └── ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before we define our first tests let us finish the last two steps of setup the environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want work with Chrome instead of Firefox. That is why our selenium server needs this information. Now we need the chromedriver and since I am really lazy and I really like installation scripts, we get homebrew and install it with this package dependency tool (somehow I did not find chromedriver package for composer):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/usr/bin/ruby -e &quot;$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)&quot;&#xA;brew install node&#xA;brew install chromedriver&#xA;ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/chromedriver/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents&#xA;launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.chromedriver.plist&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start our selenium server we need &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java&lt;/a&gt;. After installing it you can run following command in a new terminal window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar bin/selenium-server.jar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not close this terminal window or the server will be shut down. It is cool to read a few lines and get more information about what this server does actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is it! Webserver + database + Selenium server is running - good job!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Define first tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I started this project with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.magecasts.io/tdd/behat-part3.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this howto&lt;/a&gt; I will use the test cases as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a &lt;code&gt;check_baseurl.feature&lt;/code&gt; file in your &lt;code&gt;test.dev/features/system&lt;/code&gt; folder with following content:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Testing that behat and magento are working together&#xA;  In order to continue working on Magento&#xA;  As a magento developer     &#xA;  I need to be able to configure behat and magento&#xA;&#xA;  Scenario: Base URL is configured in the database&#xA;    Given there is a base_url configuration option set&#xA;    Then I should see the value being &quot;http://test.dev/&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you run following command behat will create all necessary methods in your &lt;code&gt;SystemContext.php&lt;/code&gt; file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bin/behat --suite=system --append-snippets&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you should see that behat created two methods in your &lt;code&gt;SystemContext.php&lt;/code&gt;:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uvjU2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uvjU2.png&quot; alt=&quot;Behat created two methods in our SystemContext.php&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we complete our functions and our &lt;code&gt;SystemContext.php&lt;/code&gt; should look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?php&#xA;&#xA;use Behat\Behat\Tester\Exception\PendingException;&#xA;use Behat\Behat\Context\Context;&#xA;use Behat\Behat\Context\SnippetAcceptingContext;&#xA;use Behat\Gherkin\Node\PyStringNode;&#xA;use Behat\Gherkin\Node\TableNode;&#xA;use MageTest\MagentoExtension\Context\MagentoContext;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Defines application features from the specific context.&#xA; */&#xA;class SystemContext extends MagentoContext implements Context, SnippetAcceptingContext {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @Given there is a base_url configuration option set&#xA;     */&#xA;    public function thereIsABaseUrlConfigurationOptionSet()&#xA;    {&#xA;        $this-&amp;gt;baseUrl = Mage::getBaseUrl();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @Then I should see the value being :arg1&#xA;     */&#xA;    public function iShouldSeeTheValueBeing($arg1)&#xA;    {&#xA;        expect($this-&amp;gt;baseUrl)-&amp;gt;toBe($url);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hint:&lt;/em&gt; Best is to copy &amp;amp; paste this code to your &lt;code&gt;SystemContext.php&lt;/code&gt; because the class extends now from MagentoContext as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now - excitement! - we run our first Behat test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bin/behat --suite=system&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z5HHO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z5HHO.png&quot; alt=&quot;Your first behat test passed!&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Awesome!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we see our finish line already! Next test is in our chrome browser!&#xA;We create now &lt;code&gt;item_to_cart.feature&lt;/code&gt; in our &lt;code&gt;test.dev/features/site/&lt;/code&gt; folder with following content:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Visitor can add items to the cart and shop&#xA;  In order to make a purchase&#xA;  As a visitor to the site     &#xA;  I need to be able to see the product page and add the item to the cart&#xA;&#xA;  Scenario: Adding the item to the cart&#xA;    Given I am on a product page&#xA;    When I add the item to the cart&#xA;    Then I should see that the total items in my basket is &quot;1&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And run again our command to generate our methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bin/behat --suite=site --append-snippets&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should see three new methods in your &lt;code&gt;SiteContext.php&lt;/code&gt; file - fill them with life:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?php&#xA;&#xA;use Behat\Behat\Tester\Exception\PendingException;&#xA;use Behat\Behat\Context\Context;&#xA;use Behat\Behat\Context\SnippetAcceptingContext;&#xA;use Behat\Gherkin\Node\PyStringNode;&#xA;use Behat\Gherkin\Node\TableNode;&#xA;use MageTest\MagentoExtension\Context\MagentoContext;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Defines application features from the specific context.&#xA; */&#xA;class SiteContext extends MagentoContext implements Context, SnippetAcceptingContext {&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @Given I am on a product page&#xA;     */&#xA;    public function iAmOnAProductPage() {&#xA;        $this-&amp;gt;getSession()-&amp;gt;visit(Mage::getBaseUrl() . 'accessories/eyewear/aviator-sunglasses.html');&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @When I add the item to the cart&#xA;     */&#xA;    public function iAddTheItemToTheCart() {&#xA;        $this-&amp;gt;getSession()-&amp;gt;getPage()-&amp;gt;find('css', '.add-to-cart-buttons .btn-cart')-&amp;gt;click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @Then I should see that the total items in my basket is :total&#xA;     */&#xA;    public function iShouldSeeThatTheTotalItemsInMyBasketIs($total) {&#xA;        $pageTotal = $this-&amp;gt;getSession()-&amp;gt;getPage()-&amp;gt;find('css', '.count')-&amp;gt;getText();&#xA;        expect($pageTotal)-&amp;gt;toBe($total);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hint:&lt;/em&gt; I had to add another css class to &lt;code&gt;iAddTheItemToTheCart&lt;/code&gt; function because otherwise selenium would tell us that the button is invisible. Because there are two buttons on this page with same &lt;code&gt;.btn-cart&lt;/code&gt; css class and the first one is &lt;code&gt;display:none&lt;/code&gt;. I do not know why it worked in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.magecasts.io/tdd/behat-part3.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;howto&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally fire:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bin/behat --suite=site&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Awesome! A Chrome instance should open and do the test stuff while you lean back and watch and a few seconds later you should see something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CbdEA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CbdEA.png&quot; alt=&quot;Your first chrome web test passed!&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's it! Really! Now you can write many cool tests and expand your test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hint:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; since this is my first try to install behat by my own, there might be a better configuration - feel free to edit any parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14735" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T14:50:24.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17279" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-02-25T16:16:36.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;BlazeMeter is a commercial, self-service load testing platform-as-a-service (PaaS), which is fully compatible with open-source Apache JMeter. BlazeMeter provides an enterprise grade, ‘out-of-the-box’ load testing solution for the developer community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blazemeter.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-27T07:18:33.600" LastActivityDate="2016-02-27T07:18:33.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17280" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-02-25T16:16:36.253" Score="0" Body="BlazeMeter is a commercial, self-service load testing platform-as-a-service (PaaS), which is fully compatible with open-source Apache JMeter" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-27T07:18:36.867" LastActivityDate="2016-02-27T07:18:36.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17214" CreationDate="2016-02-25T17:38:52.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I figured out the solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capability;&#xA;if (capability.getPlatform().is(Platform.ANDROID)) {&#xA;    // do something...&#xA;} else if (capability.getPlatform().is(Platform.MAC) {&#xA;    // do something...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T17:38:52.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17310" CreationDate="2016-02-25T19:08:17.990" Score="1" ViewCount="7194" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able to install Selenium IDE in Firefox 44.0.2. I'm installing the Firefox plugin from &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&lt;/a&gt;. It appears to install correctly. I do not get any error messages. I restarted Firefox after the installation. But, it does not appear under Tools-Selenium IDE as it should (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp&lt;/a&gt;). After more testing, it appears that I am not able to install any extension that requires a restart. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16906" LastEditorUserId="16906" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T22:12:38.943" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:09:37.690" Title="Trouble Installing Selenium IDE in Firefox 44" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17283" CreationDate="2016-02-25T21:42:53.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend to bypass the site instructions and just go directly to the browser. Sometimes I have noticed that the installation sometimes doesn't work for me unless I go through the add-on manager in Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Follow these steps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Open Firefox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Click on the stack icon just below the red &quot;X&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Click on &quot;Add-Ons&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Click &quot;Get Add-Ons&quot; on the top left&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Search for Selenium IDE 2.9.1 in the &quot;Search all add-ons&quot; box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Click on the &quot;Install&quot; button next to the selenium icon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox will then restart your browser and you should see the icon added to the top right next to the stack icon. My version is currently 2.9.1 for selenium IDE, on windows 7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2016-02-25T22:14:20.950" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T22:14:20.950" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17275" CreationDate="2016-02-25T23:11:03.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think up who will use the offered functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the tasks of such a person? What are the main priorities that have to be safeguarded?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Crawl into the role. BE the role. Think up hideous happenings that make life hard for your chosen part. Newspaper headings and expert blogs can inspire you there. Risk management input should help as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Throw in a bit of Murphy effect and you are coming along quite nicely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit : &#xA;Murphy's law: &quot;Anything that can go wrong, will go wrong.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murphy%27s_law&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murphy%27s_law&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-27T07:13:26.187" LastActivityDate="2016-02-27T07:13:26.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17275" CreationDate="2016-02-25T23:28:34.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing in general falls under the Hypothesis Testing facet of problem solving (I think this bit of software should do A given B (and C and D ad nauseam)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you are more asking, &quot;What problem solving techniques map to software testing.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Divide and conquer - Break each step in the workflow into pieces and validate each piece of action. (To get from A to D, make sure that A to B, B to C, and C to D each work)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Means-ends Analysis - How does each step offer a different way to get to the same solution (or to a dead end). (A to B to C to D works fine, but A to B to G doesn't let me map back to D in any way)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Research - Are there similar things that already exist in your software or similar software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trial and Error - Good old exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I've always leaned towards identifying variables, grouping them into like things to limit scope, and using that to define my overall set of conditions and then growing test cases to fit. (matrix style testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16638" LastActivityDate="2016-02-25T23:28:34.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17275" CreationDate="2016-02-26T00:02:07.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use personas such as happy, inpatient, forgetful, angry&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use situations such as happy, sad, additional options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use different types of devices to look at the same content&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use differently sized devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test every link&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think about what actions you might want to be able to undo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test incorrect input data types&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test incorrect numbers, below minimum or above maximum&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test using boundary values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test for usability, and w3c / section 508 guidelines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test for feedback that relies solely on color&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test for error feedback that is context sensitive and descriptive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Dates for validity and format&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T00:22:50.933" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T00:22:50.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17273" CreationDate="2016-02-26T05:22:21.713" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check my updated answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void main(String args[]){&#xA;try{&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list =driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;ads&quot;));           &#xA;    if(list.size() &amp;gt; 0){            &#xA;        if(isDisplayed){&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;TEST1&quot;);&#xA;        }else{&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;TEST2&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }else{&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;ELEMENT IS NOT FOUND&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}catch(Exception e){&#xA;     syso(&quot;Exception is&quot;+e);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T08:01:06.020" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T08:01:06.020" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15551" CreationDate="2016-02-26T06:07:24.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This blog I found gives a good understanding the difference between TDD and BDD - &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://onpathtesting.com/why-go-for-behavior-driven-development-bdd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://onpathtesting.com/why-go-for-behavior-driven-development-bdd/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16328" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T06:07:24.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17273" CreationDate="2016-02-26T07:01:00.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's hard to tell for sure without seeing the exception, but you're probably called &lt;code&gt;isDisplayed&lt;/code&gt; on an element that is not &lt;strong&gt;present&lt;/strong&gt; on the page (which is a subtle difference with being not displayed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the element simply doesn't exist, the &lt;code&gt;el.isDisplayed&lt;/code&gt; throws a &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could, for example, use an &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/ExpectedConditions.html#visibilityOfElementLocated-org.openqa.selenium.By-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ExpectedCondition&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;You can also split the catch block depending on the specific exception, for more custom logic.&#xA;This is valid C# code but it's very similar in Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait w = new WebDriverWait(driver, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5));&#xA;try {&#xA;    wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.Id(&quot;bubble-4&quot;)));&#xA;    syso(&quot;test1&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;catch (Exception e) {&#xA;    // NoSuchElementException when element does not exist&#xA;    // TimeoutException when element exists but is invisible&#xA;    syso(&quot;test2: &quot; + e.Message);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: if you really want to hold on to your &lt;code&gt;if/else&lt;/code&gt; statement, you will have to call a helper function that returns a boolean, and put the above logic in that helper function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean isVisible(By locator){&#xA;    try {&#xA;        WebDriverWait w = new WebDriverWait(driver, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5));&#xA;        wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(locator));&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e){&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can just call:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(isVisible(By.id(&quot;test&quot;))){&#xA;    syso(&quot;test1&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;else ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T07:06:22.693" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T07:06:22.693" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17295" CreationDate="2016-02-26T07:01:15.587" Score="0" ViewCount="19148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using TestNG and having one issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case :&lt;/strong&gt; I am checking validation message that if user leave email id blank &amp;amp; Click on Login , System should fire message &quot;Please Enter Valid Email&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am verifying this message using Selenium &amp;amp; Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code Logic :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  If(Dynamicmsg.equals(&quot;Please Enter Valid Email&quot;))   &#xA;{&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;Email validation working&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;Email validation not working&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; }           &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works fine, When other message found, condition goes to else and print that &lt;strong&gt;Email validation not working&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But TestNG Report says :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Passed -1&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want is I want to tell testNG that fail this test case in report as well if conditions do not match.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2021-02-08T11:03:10.133" Title="How to Fail Test case based on condition in TestNG Report" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17273" CreationDate="2016-02-26T08:03:19.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you this in If-else way, then you have to write a separate function which will check if element is present or not. Following is the code for same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    try {&#xA;        if(isElementDisplayed(ele)) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Test1&quot;);&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Test2&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Exception&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public boolean isElementDisplayed(WebElement ele) {&#xA;    boolean elementDisplayed = false;&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        ele.isDisplayed();&#xA;        elementDisplayed = true;&#xA;    } catch(Exception e) {&#xA;        elementDisplayed = false;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    return elementDisplayed;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this &lt;code&gt;isElementDisplayed(WebElement ele)&lt;/code&gt; function will test if element is present and based on that it will return the &lt;code&gt;boolean&lt;/code&gt; value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This function will be called from &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt; statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T08:03:19.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17292" CreationDate="2016-02-26T08:13:30.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to add assertion in TestNG to check. Your code should be as below remove whole code and just add below 1 line code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Wrong error message shown&quot;, &quot;Please Enter Valid Email&quot;, driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;Your path of element&quot;)).getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this &lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals&lt;/code&gt; is function which has 3 arguments, 1st the error message which you what to display on failure, 2nd your expected error message and 3rd is you actual error message which will be text displayed by your element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just saw you already have taken text in &lt;code&gt;Dynamicmsg&lt;/code&gt; variable, so you can rewrite above line as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Wrong error message shown&quot;, &quot;Please Enter Valid Email&quot;, Dynamicmsg);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T08:22:05.690" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T08:22:05.690" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17296" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-26T09:44:13.943" Score="0" ViewCount="2428" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assertion failure message: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16729" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T16:05:58.273" Title="Assertion failure message: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-02T15:25:24.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17296" CreationDate="2016-02-26T09:53:50.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to increase the memory of java process that you are using for JMeter.&#xA;It iss normal as JMeter by default has a very low heap allocation. It can be controlled using &lt;code&gt;-Xmx&lt;/code&gt; parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a line in  &lt;code&gt;jmeter.bat&lt;/code&gt; for windows or &lt;code&gt;jmeter.sh&lt;/code&gt; for non window platform script which recommends launching JMeter as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JVM_ARGS=&quot;-Xms512m -Xmx512m&quot; jmeter.sh&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can increase maximum heap size to the extent where you stop receiving these errors. I would suggest you to set it to more than 50% of your available RAM on the system that you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16562" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T16:05:58.273" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T16:05:58.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17283" CreationDate="2016-02-26T09:58:42.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Firefox requires all extensions to be signed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems Selenium IDE 2.9.1 is not signed yet, follow &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium/issues/1483&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this github issue&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you could install an older version of Firefox (42) or an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/developer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;developer Firefox&lt;/a&gt; if you want to play with the unsigned IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively I would give &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Builder&lt;/a&gt; a try. I think this is the continuation of the Selenium IDE project and supersedes it. Also it works on the latest Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I think Selenium IDE was more a proof of concept and never designed as project to use in production. Better might be to just hand-code Selenium tests and not use the record and playback tools at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T10:17:46.157" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T10:17:46.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2016-02-26T10:19:38.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Irrespective to the communities already mentioned in other answers I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://testhuddle.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://testhuddle.com/&lt;/a&gt; for providing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upcoming events (Webinaars/Conferences/Meets)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discussions and Blogs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eBooks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T10:19:38.090" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-02-26T10:19:38.090" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17272" CreationDate="2016-02-26T11:46:00.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the tools that can be used for rest API testing are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://smartbear.com/product/ready-api/soapui-ng/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ReadyAPI/SoapUI NG Pro.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/advanced-rest-client/hgmloofddffdnphfgcellkdfbfbjeloo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Advance Rest Client&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Postman and Advance Rest Client are free Chrome Apps. If you want to code with Java, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jayway/rest-assured&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;REST Assured&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4583" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T11:46:00.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17296" CreationDate="2016-02-26T11:53:33.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had some times problems with the logs, if you use the view results tree or view results in table options they store all the info in memory and that can create memory problems. To avoid that you can increase the memory as The_Amol said or/and save that info directly in a file with the Data Writer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16917" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T11:53:33.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17272" CreationDate="2016-02-26T11:58:33.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I´ve been using SoapUI to test APIs (both rest and soap) and I always recommend it as the best option. You can test easily the features and, at the same time, it is easy to run those tests from Jenkins (for example) so they can be used to have a continuous integration environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other tools as Postman but that´s more, in my opinion, for manual testing while you develop. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16917" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T11:58:33.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17261" CreationDate="2016-02-26T12:08:04.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some things you may consider about your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running 1000 threads with JMeter in one computer it is not a good option as that computer will be the bottle neck and not the application. So you need to manage to run the scripts from more than one computer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many users do you want to simulate? If you want to simulate 1000 real users, I would say that you don´t need to run 1000 threads as they will hit as 10 times these users or more. In any case, if you need 1000 threads you can split that into 5-10 computers or, if you have that, work with cloud resources.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16917" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T07:50:45.897" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T07:50:45.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17205" CreationDate="2016-02-26T12:39:15.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually run all the automation tests through Jenkins and, when a test case fails, you can configure the tool to send an email with all the information you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16917" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T12:39:15.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17296" CreationDate="2016-02-26T16:00:27.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This indicates that JMeter lacks &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13150_01/jrockit_jvm/jrockit/geninfo/diagnos/garbage_collect.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java Heap&lt;/a&gt; space. By default JMeter allocates for itself 512MB which is fine for tests development and debugging but not enough for the load test. I would suggest increasing this setting to ~70% of your total available physical RAM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for the following line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HEAP=-Xms512m -Xmx512&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter&lt;/code&gt; file - if you're using Linux, Unix or MacOSX&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.bat&lt;/code&gt; file - if you're using Windows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and increase &lt;code&gt;-Xmx&lt;/code&gt; setting accordingly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also need to uncomment and tweak &lt;code&gt;NEW=&quot;-XX:NewSize=128m -XX:MaxNewSize=128m&quot;&lt;/code&gt; line by the same factor and play with GC settings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;9 Easy Solutions for a JMeter Load Test “Out of Memory” Failure&lt;/a&gt; guide for more detailed explanation of JVM settings and some more JMeter performance tweaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T16:00:27.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17276" CreationDate="2016-02-26T16:06:20.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener to your test plan and carefully expect all preceding responses, most likely you have to authenticate prior to downloading&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try adding &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cookie-manager-jmeter-not-cookie-jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan and re-run the test. If it doesn't resolve your issue you might have to perform some correlation to handle mandatory dynamic parameters or bypass &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSRF&lt;/a&gt; protection or whatever. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T16:06:20.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17308" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-26T17:24:05.560" Score="-3" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;I once attended an interview for the position of Test Automation Engineer. After being asked a few questions related to automation I was shown some screen shots of a login page, another web page with lots of links and menus etc. and then a log out page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was actually expecting some kind of GUI to write the test on but instead was asked to write, on paper the steps to automate certain areas as specified by the interviewer. E.g step to login, step access sub menu, verify certain text on the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is what is the procedure followed by other companies out there when interviewing for the Test Automation position?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-02-26T17:40:58.160" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T20:07:47.010" Title="Procedure followed when interviewing for Test Automation position" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2020-10-02T12:37:37.423" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17308" CreationDate="2016-02-26T20:07:47.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Companies vary in how they interview Test Automation people, just as they vary in how they interview for anything else.  Some places focus on general programming skills.  Some focus on test-specific technologies, e.g. Selenium and JMeter.  Some focus on testing skills, with the assumption that the automation skills are easy enough to learn that a general testing mindset is more important.  In that context, your interview experience sounds normal enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-02-26T20:07:47.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17283" CreationDate="2016-02-26T22:10:58.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to fix this by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Starting Firefox in &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/troubleshoot-firefox-issues-using-safe-mode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Safe Mode&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clicking the menu button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clicking &quot;help&quot; and then selecting &quot;Restart with Add-ons Disabled&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm guessing I had another extension that was interfering. I'd guess the Norton Security extension because it's the only one I've installed recently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16906" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:31:09.940" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T14:31:09.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17205" CreationDate="2016-02-27T05:19:53.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Borja - Her question was related to selenium IDE , Elisa is not working with Selenium WebDriver or programming script explicitly , Jenkins job you can't run in air without build or substantial framework in place ,hence your answer is irrelevant to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@ Elisa , you can use Selenium WebDriver , and create framework and then make build of it via maven or ant , and can run periodically on Jenkins, Its mammoth task , if you want to automate all testing , but worth investing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12697" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-02-27T07:11:07.973" LastActivityDate="2016-02-27T07:11:07.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17312" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-27T18:15:43.040" Score="3" ViewCount="1689" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on selenium project with Jenkins + Maven + Selenium + TestNG&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have following questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I execute selenium test cases in Jenkins by launching browsers?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Currently it gets executed without browser. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes, how can I achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ideally what Maven goal is set for build execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By default test report is saved in &lt;code&gt;projectfolder/target/surefire-reports/&lt;/code&gt;. How can I change this location?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T09:57:38.990" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T12:28:00.513" Title="Can I execute selenium test cases in a real browser with Jenkins Selenium and Maven" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17312" CreationDate="2016-02-27T19:26:15.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Can I execute selenium testcases in Jenkins by launch browsers (Currently it gets executed without browser :( . ), If yes then how can I achive this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depends on the operating system.  For Linux, the Jenkins executor must have an X connection in order to start a browser.  Either that, or you must use Selenium Grid to launch a browser on some other machine.  See for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://anadea.info/blog/selenium-grid-with-jenkins-good-tandem-for-parallel-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; on Selenium Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ideally what maven goal is set for build execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-02-27T19:26:15.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17314" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-28T12:07:10.240" Score="0" ViewCount="190" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tests I review often contains the following pattern&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void test() {&#xA;&#xA;  if (systemIsInStateA()) {&#xA;    assertThat(system, shouldPerformInWay(X));&#xA;  } else {&#xA;    assertThat(system, shouldPerformInWay(Y));&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this an anti-pattern?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me it seems an anti-pattern because wether a system is in state A appears to be outside of control of the test and it may happen that the test will cover only one execution path. Instead I would expect a test to move the system under test to state A to test first path/assertion and to state B to test the latter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if there are situations when such pattern is justified?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T13:56:48.390" Title="Are conditional assertions in tests an anti-pattern?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17315" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-28T12:48:26.637" Score="2" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;In complex projects with multiple end-to-end functional test scenarios, there is a need for maintenance and execution of these test scenarios. For that purpose, I've been using Cucumber and found it to be a good way to help me keep the scenarios in a sensible and clear way. So I had the Cucumber feature files to maintain the scenarios logic and then, using the &lt;code&gt;Cucumber.class&lt;/code&gt; with JUnit runner, I was able to actually execute these test scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, however, I would like to avoid using Cucumber as it does require some overhead work with the feature files and glue code maintenance etc.. So I wonder what are the other approaches being used for such purpose? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that I can jUnit itself to some extent but as I see it, it will be very difficult to maintain test cases with multiple, mutually dependent steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will be great to know what other practices are being use for the above mentioned purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastEditorUserId="2551" LastEditDate="2020-03-21T12:03:15.427" LastActivityDate="2020-03-21T16:05:59.667" Title="Automated functional test scenarios management" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17314" CreationDate="2016-02-28T13:42:07.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your example (without further context) looks as if it would be better as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testStateA() {&#xA;    assertThat(system, shouldPerformInWay(X));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testStateB() {&#xA;    assertThat(system, shouldPerformInWay(Y));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like two separate scenarios, so test them as such. If your original code fails (in method &lt;code&gt;shouldPerformInWay&lt;/code&gt;) you don't even know which of both cases fails - or you would have to provide additional logging, or debug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, when using &lt;strong&gt;data-driven&lt;/strong&gt; testing, you have to have a certain balance between &lt;strong&gt;code logic&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;data variability&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this applies for your example, and if my explanation will be clear without code, but let's assume we're testing a login screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extreme on one side: complex data (determines logic to follow), complex code.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Here, you might have one test method (simple) and based on the data, the PageObject must execute its logic: check for a succesfull login or an error message, or...&#xA;So your code (PageObject) is complex, because it has to parse your data for the expected behaviour (e.g.: does my data source provide an error message or not?). The data itself must also provide an expected result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extreme on the other side: simple data, many test cases (for each outcome).&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Here, you might have many test methods (one for each possible scenario) each taking specific data input for that case. So the data is simple because it doesn't contain any logic. The test methods are perhaps repetitive but clear on what they do. The PageObjects themselves don't have much logic going on compared to the previous case, because they don't have to parse data for behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T13:42:07.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1131" CreationDate="2016-02-28T14:40:34.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;For small test suites only&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've changed my opinion on the &quot;rule&quot; of only 1 assertion per test over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few years ago, when entering the QA field, I considered it a great approach and almost too obvious to explain and justify.  As other poster have written, it's the way to be specific about what is being tested, for failures to be more specific, etc, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I've seen that in real world situations, most significantly as test suites grow, treating this as a fixed rule becomes problematic due to the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;test suites run length.  If all tests have to perform setup and teardown (they should) and only test 1 assertion this can lead to very lengthy test suites times.  This is a huge problem as once test suites get slow a whole host of bad things happen (not run, slow development, increasing use of shared seed data, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;test suite size.  If 3 tests are written that have a total of 19 assertions, changes to those tests are relatively easy.  However if the 19 assertions are used to break down the tests into 19 tests with 1 assertion per test, maintaining and updating the code becomes error-prone, time-consuming and boring for many programmers. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Not DRY.  When a lot of examples repeat the same setup and teardown, you start to get a lot of cut-and-paste programming and code in multiple places that needs to be updated instead of code in one place.  I have frequently seen &quot;some&quot; tests have their setup changed without the changes being applied to other tests leading to a mish-mash of styles&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;programmers have different opinions and experience.  I work with a lot of programmers who don't follow the &quot;1 assertion per test&quot; rule.  Making every follow this rule would be a challenge (worth it in some organizations but not in others).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: An example of &quot;multiple assertions&quot; is that for a given UI operation one might expect &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to be on a certain screen &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to see certain data in a certain place &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To see correct error messages &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To see correct action buttons to proceed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To see the database updated correctly.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this is 5 assertions for the same action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I do agree with and find hellps is @ethal evans mention of&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&quot;only permit them at one point in the execution of the test.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I also expect to put them at the end of the test (excepting any required teardown).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-02-28T14:48:21.550" LastActivityDate="2016-02-28T14:48:21.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17319" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-02-29T07:38:20.193" Score="9" ViewCount="6640" Body="&lt;p&gt;I test a web application for my clients. I only do the black-box functional testing. I don't do any automation as there are other testers hired for that. I just log defects in a tool manually. Also I use the database server for validations that only uses DML statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to ask:&#xA;If I only do black box testing for the rest of my career, will it affect my ability to grow in my field?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will I never earn more than the automation guys? There is no scope of performance, security or load testing in my responsibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16899" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T15:54:43.560" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T00:51:38.113" Title="Will doing only Manual testing affect my QA career in the long run?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17319" CreationDate="2016-02-29T08:01:26.973" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there is no general rule to answer this question. It depends on whether You can add value to your business:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If You are exceptionally good at e.g. exploratory testing and not just at executing test cases from some test plans than: Yes, You can earn more than someone automating test cases with an existing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion a tester lives from his reputation. Reputation can be gained by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing excellent bug reports which help developers to fix issues more easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Having strong communication skills to help &quot;distribute&quot; the idea of quality in your company&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identifying areas in the product where it lacks quality and tell management about it and how to solve the problem&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Showing initiative and work over hours when appropriate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helping test automation to concentrate on the quick wins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also strive for being a team lead in sw test...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless it is wothwhile to learn the basic concepts of test automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16372" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T08:11:23.037" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T08:11:23.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17319" CreationDate="2016-02-29T08:32:36.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen many manual testers raising this question, I would like to say Manual Testing will never get evaporated. Because automation testing is just addition to testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have lot to achieve in manual testing, there are lot of areas in manual testing (Integration testing, Database testing, installation testing, configuration testing, mobile testing, etc. etc.) which will grow your chances as good career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to work on following points will create good career path for you in your testing career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manual Testing is vast area, try to explore as much as you can and get specialized in some areas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Explore and get specialised in manual testing tools, like bug tracking tools, test management tools etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Manual testing gives you good management and communication skills, you should focus on this skills which gives you good chances of being a Test Manager, Test Lead.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go for certifications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though Automation Testing has introduced new dimensions for testing, but manual testing will never fade away, each automation tools has it own limitations. Automation testing is time consuming(mainly good for long term projects), even if you are still worried you should give a try for automation testing tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T08:32:36.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16706" CreationDate="2016-02-29T12:34:31.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, entering the impact are can be good for you, so that next time you retest the fixed issue, it will help you in regression of connected modules. but otherwise developer will not get much help from it.&#xA;And in general it is not listed as part of bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug report should have details about current issue, steps to reproduce, test data etc. As developer most of the time prefer to reproduce the scenario.&#xA;also as suggested, if other area is getting impacted because of this issue, that is obvious and get sorted out with fixing of this issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in case other effected module has issue even after fixing of current issue, you can log the bug then as part of regression.&#xA;I believe that will be more right approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16562" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T12:34:31.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17314" CreationDate="2016-02-29T13:56:48.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can make the test scenarios conditional for purpose of &quot;smoke test&quot; of the whole component to show that you are bale to pass trough in any case, when you do not have control over the case and which variant will &quot;come&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for detailed testing you should remember, that you should test both variants at least once. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You was not specific what is causing the variants, if this is caused by test data or any other external option or behaviour of the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is completely out of your control, you should test it in the cycle until all available variants are &quot;passed&quot;. If you don't, it could from some kind of viewpoint to be considered as an anti-pattern, or you should present the automated test results as partial results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T13:56:48.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17319" CreationDate="2016-02-29T15:59:03.750" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can prove your skills as programmer/developer without writing automated tests. Learn tools used for other testing-related tasks: load testing, etc. Become expert system administrator. Tools like Jenkins. Logstash to analyze logs (to be more productive as manual tester).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prove your skills by writing scripts needed to manage the test data, like anonymization of data when copied from PROD to QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are competent programmer, test automation is just using yet another library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python would be especially good language to learn as system administrator, and also for test automation. And there are many good online courses, including certified ones. Then, try test automation in your own free time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have the skills, you can either ask for a transfer to test automation, or find a job which is better match for your career interests in another company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can talk to your manager that you would like to learn new skills. Of course for this to work, you need to be in a good standing with your manager using your current skillset. Companies have good reason to allow current employees to grow skills (to make them happy and not leave), but it is &lt;strong&gt;your own responsibility to manage your own career.&lt;/strong&gt; Being aware of what you want is a good first step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are pigeon-holed in manual testing with no way to enhance your career according to your interests, you can look for another position of a manual tester where automation is not banned. This will be something to negotiate in new job offer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-02-29T18:01:17.527" LastActivityDate="2016-02-29T18:01:17.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17270" CreationDate="2016-02-29T16:40:09.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the wrong here? in testng.xml file included both methods, so both are executed. below example helps you to exclude the method in class - note the tag in the second include is now an exclude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;class name=&quot;Tests.Login.LoginApp&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;methods&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;include name=&quot;verifyContentOnSignUpScreen&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;exclude name=&quot;verifyLinkPresentOnFooterSection&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/methods&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16968" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2016-03-01T14:10:27.487" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T14:10:27.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15581" CreationDate="2016-03-01T07:16:59.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;in your code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    cap.setCapability(&quot;app-package&quot;, MobileConfig.appPackage);&#xA;    cap.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;,&quot;MobileConfig.appPackage&quot; +&quot;.v2.acyivities.OnBoardingChooseRegion&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are using &lt;code&gt;MobileConfig.appPackage&lt;/code&gt; to get the package name, for example if the package name stored on &lt;code&gt;MobileConfig.appPackage&lt;/code&gt; is 'com.example', the desired capability is somethings like &lt;code&gt;app-package=com.example&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am pointing here is the second line, when setting capabilities for &lt;code&gt;appActivity&lt;/code&gt; which is you are using: &lt;code&gt;&quot;MobileConfig.appPackage&quot; +&quot;.v2.acyivities.OnBoardingChooseRegion&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. The &lt;code&gt;&quot;MobileConfig.appPackage&quot;&lt;/code&gt; will be considered as String, so the capability will become like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;appActivity=MobileConfig.appPackage.v2.acyivities.OnBoardingChooseRegion&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will lead to app Activity not found, since the package name is different (may causing the Null pointer, but I am not sure). I assume that you want to make the capability is more like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;appActivity=com.example.v2.acyivities.OnBoardingChooseRegion&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the capability should be like this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    cap.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, MobileConfig.appPackage + &quot;.v2.acyivities.OnBoardingChooseRegion&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write the &lt;code&gt;MobileConfig.appPackage&lt;/code&gt; without quotes. Hope this will help to find the clue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12054" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T07:16:59.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17331" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-01T07:24:30.407" Score="0" ViewCount="2751" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me on how to fix the error and run the script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ExcelCapture {&#xA;&#xA;public WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;String filePath = &quot;E:\\Study\\workspace\\OCM25_26_OCE_19\\OCM25_26_OCE_19\\BlackDogFrameWork\\TestData\\Test_Data.xlsx&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeClass&#xA;public String excelFunction(String sheetName, int rowNum, int colNum) throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException  { &#xA;&#xA;    FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath);&#xA;    Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(fis);&#xA;    Sheet sh = wb.getSheet(sheetName);&#xA;    Row row = sh.getRow(rowNum);&#xA;    String data = row.getCell(colNum).getStringCellValue();&#xA;    return data;        &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void login() throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException &#xA;{       driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    String userName1 = excelFunction(&quot;datad&quot;, 1, 2);&#xA;    String passWord1 = excelFunction(&quot;datad&quot;, 1, 3);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(userName1);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(passWord1);     &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Console is throwing the below error:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeClass excelFunction&#xA;  org.testng.TestNGException:  Method excelFunction requires 3&#xA;  parameters but 0 were supplied in the @Configuration annotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16629" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-03-01T09:38:00.880" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T12:01:38.450" Title="Required parameters but none were supplied error" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17331" CreationDate="2016-03-01T09:24:45.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error is because &lt;code&gt;excelFunction&lt;/code&gt; has 3 parameters and has &lt;code&gt;@BerforeClass&lt;/code&gt; annotation, when you have parameters for function with annotation then you have to pass the parameters before annotation tags as follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; @Parameters({ &quot;sheetname&quot;, &quot;row-number&quot;, &quot;colBNum&quot; })&#xA; @BeforeClass&#xA;    public String excelFunction(String sheetName, int rowNum, int colNum) throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException  { &#xA;&#xA;        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath);&#xA;        Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(fis);&#xA;        Sheet sh = wb.getSheet(sheetName);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and pass parameter values from &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; as shown below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Test Suite&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Testing&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;sheetname&quot; value=&quot;Your SheetName&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;row-number&quot; value=&quot;your row number&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;colBNum&quot; value=&quot;Your Column number&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.parameterization.TestParameters&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T09:24:45.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17319" CreationDate="2016-03-01T09:40:47.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;3 good choice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;test automation, learn testing framework, programming etc.... &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;become a test engineer professional at testing process, release, bug analyze &#xA;etc.. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;become a DOMAIN expert in a special area. like semiconductor testing, mobile testing etc.. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;depends on your situation, can choose one .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My whole career is related to software testing   &gt;10 years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in all different area, manual testing, test automation , developing testing tool software for hardware, developing and manage commercial software testing tool for testing engineer &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16978" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T09:40:47.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17340" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-01T14:09:24.120" Score="5" ViewCount="2455" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across some situations (twice in one day, and I see they will not be rare) when test can run infinite time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like there is a wait realisation for some account operation but there is an error message displayed over progress bar which is not known by autotest. Message is not closed, progressbar is still on, test is running, running...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And there is another chance to get infinite execution is when UFT failes and displayes error message (which could not be handled by UFT itself), e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VJFlO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VJFlO.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error on UFT fail&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is some information about the question I've found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose that (because of no multithreading in UFT's VBScript) there is no possibility to set limit test execution time with the means of UFT (some proof found in post &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/forums/hp-unified-functional-testing-uft-mercury-quicktest-pro-qtp/90626-time-limit-qtp-scripts-execution.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;time limit for QTP script\'s execution&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible solution is to start test &amp;amp; timeout to kill UFT process at once in the .bat file &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bat-file to start test &lt;code&gt;testexec.bat&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;start &quot;TestExecutionTimer&quot; &quot;C:\_qtp\resources\testexectimer.bat&quot; [max exec time in seconds]&#xA;cscript.exe &quot;C:\_qtp\resources\RunTest.vbs&quot; &quot;[path to test]&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bat-file with UFT process killer &lt;code&gt;testexectimer.bat&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;timeout /t %~1&#xA;taskkill /im UFTPro.exe&#xA;&#xA;exit&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And part of &lt;code&gt;RunTest.vbs&lt;/code&gt; VBScript that runs test (it should kill timer if test is completed):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&#xA;'kill timer which is used to close test that runs too long&#xA;Wscript.Echo &quot;kill timer&quot;&#xA;oShell.Run &quot;taskkill /fi &quot;&quot;WINDOWTITLE eq testexectimer*&quot;&quot; /f /t&quot;, , True&#xA;Wscript.Echo &quot;timer is killed&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So architecture would look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eGlyS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eGlyS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone use better solutions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-11-30T15:11:49.637" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T12:15:48.500" Title="How to limit test execution time in UFT/QTP?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;uft-12.52&gt;&lt;batch-file&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17341" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17437" CreationDate="2016-03-01T14:56:34.030" Score="0" ViewCount="1368" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.Collections;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class tlcs {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://tlcs.ets.org/clientservices/profile/createAcct/createAcct.do&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;inst_state&quot;));&#xA;        Select s = new Select(element);&#xA;        List &amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elementcount = s.getOptions();&#xA;        System.out.println(elementcount.size());&#xA;        for(int i=0 ;i&amp;lt;elementcount.size();i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            String value = elementcount.get(i).getText();&#xA;            System.out.println(value);&#xA;                }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In above code i want to check the output value is sorted or not, using comparator.Any suggestion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16986" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T07:22:16.163" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T07:56:16.853" Title="Compare if the output values are sorted or not using tree map and comparator" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17342" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17348" CreationDate="2016-03-01T15:13:42.343" Score="2" ViewCount="2831" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm creating my first full framework using Selenium and TestNG and recently implemented the ability to have logging enabled which will track every action (before and after).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class CustomLogs {&#xA;    //Set Logging_Level to &quot;Debug&quot; to enable logging&#xA;    public String Logging_Level = &quot;OFF&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public void Log(String message) {&#xA;        if (Logging_Level == &quot;Debug&quot;)&#xA;        {System.out.println(message);&#xA;        } else {&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, in my page objects, EVERY action method has a log statement before and after EVERY action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginPage extends BrowserConfig {&#xA;&#xA;    final WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private static CustomLogs customlogs = new CustomLogs();&#xA;&#xA;    //Elements on Page&#xA;    @FindBy(id = &quot;userId&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement userNameField;&#xA;&#xA;    //Constructor&#xA;    public LoginPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Fill Username&#xA;    public void FillUsername(String userNameEntry) {&#xA;        userNameField.clear();&#xA;        customlogs.Log(&quot;Entering Username: &quot;+userNameEntry+&quot;...&quot;);&#xA;        userNameField.sendKeys(userNameEntry);&#xA;        customlogs.Log(&quot;Username entered.&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like this is very beneficial, not only for debugging, but also because you can now print out every single action step, so keeping records or showing others what steps were completed is very straightforward.  But I can also see how this is cluttering the page object code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a good idea?  And/or is there a better way to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16984" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T15:12:07.983" Title="Logging every action with custom &quot;debug&quot; method. Good idea?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11953" CreationDate="2016-03-01T16:23:32.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two type of user acceptance testing, alpha and beta testing.&#xA;In Alpha Testing, system tested by developer &amp;amp; it tested in companies working environment.&#xA;In Beta Testing, System tested by client representative (Client's person) at their live environment.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is the basic which things which you should remember always. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16870" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T01:39:38.180" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T01:39:38.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15475" CreationDate="2016-03-01T16:36:34.293" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Boundary value analysis comes in BlackBox Testing we also known as test design testing.&#xA;In black box testing tester only test the functionality of software. They can not see the coding of software. That's why we called as black box testing. &#xA;In Boundary value analysis tester test boundary values of software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the field that holds the account balance figure may be only six figures plus two decimal figures. This would give a maximum account balance of $999 999.99 so we could use that as our maximum boundary value. If we still not able to find anything about what this boundary should be, then we probably need to use an intuitive or experience-based approach to check it by entering various large values trying to make it fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16870" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T16:36:34.293" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17346" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-01T17:25:21.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a special tag that is designed to be used only by the system for questions that have had all of their other tags removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All questions in the system must have at least one tag. Normally, it is not possible to submit new or edited questions that do not have tags; the system will reject the submission until a valid tag is applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few unusual situations that can cause this tag to be applied. When a tag has existed for six months and only been used on one question, and no tag wiki has been created for the tag, the system deletes the tag. When the community decides that a given tag can never be appropriate &amp;#8212; for example, because it is misspelled or is off-topic &amp;#8212; moderators may remove the tag from the site &lt;em&gt;en masse&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When one of these deletions removes the last tag from a question, the system adds the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/untagged&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;untagged&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;untagged&lt;/a&gt; tag to that question so that the &quot;all questions must have at least one tag&quot; rule is not broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can help clean up some of these questions! If they're good questions, edit them to remove the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/untagged&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;untagged&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;untagged&lt;/a&gt; tag and add more descriptive tags. If they're not so good, use the usual tools: downvoting, flagging and voting to close/delete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T08:51:38.920" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T08:51:38.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17347" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-01T17:25:21.963" Score="0" Body="This is a special tag that is designed to be used only by the system for questions that have had all of their other tags removed. Do not add this tag to existing questions, it is reserved for use by the system to identify posts with no valid tags." OwnerUserId="8702" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T16:18:34.670" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T16:18:34.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17342" CreationDate="2016-03-01T17:44:40.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Three tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For logging this much detail, you can implement the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverEventListener&lt;/code&gt; (as dzieciou already said in his comment).&#xA;A great explanation is found on &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/event-listener/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;toolsqa&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;This will clear up your actual code to a great extent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you want other (further) things in your log, consider using helper methods for common actions. This will again greatly reduce duplicate (logging) code. If you ever want to change something to the logging system, you'll have much less refactoring work. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //Fill Username&#xA; public void FillUsername(String userNameEntry) {&#xA;     Helper.fillText(userNameField, userNameEntry);&#xA;&#xA; // static helper method in a separate class&#xA; public static void fillText(WebElement el, String s){&#xA;     el.clear();&#xA;     log(...);&#xA;     el.sendKeys(s);&#xA;     log(...);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You're using JAVA. Please consider Log4j, which is very flexible in which messages to show. Your &lt;code&gt;Logging_level&lt;/code&gt; variable is fine, but Log4j has five default levels (Trace, Debug, Error, ...) and is easily configurable. Worth looking into!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T15:12:07.983" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T15:12:07.983" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17349" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17351" CreationDate="2016-03-01T18:39:40.697" Score="0" ViewCount="622" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a test I have to automate, I have to fill out a time drop down selection. The catch is that I have to select a time that is 1 hour after the test has created the event. My question is simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a method in selenium that can actively get the current time of the test run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I use that data to pick the correct time from the drop down?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone has any suggestion on this matter I would be greatly appreciative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T19:12:25.540" Title="Test that deals with time, selecting a time 1 hour ahead of test run" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17319" CreationDate="2016-03-01T18:58:45.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel like only you can answer this question. You control what you learn, whether it's strong manual testing concepts and skills, Python or another language, automation testing or deciding to pursue a management path. You also control your passion for what you do every day; you control what you bring to the table with your employer. So, to me it looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You control:&#xA;what you learn + your passion + your value to your employer = your QA career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been testing software for 14 years and just recently began automation testing; I fumble every day and seek advice from the automation support team (read = I'm learning). I don't know a development language yet but after I get my mobile testing certification I will focus on learning Python. I have a CTFL certification; I have spent time reading industry material (blogs, books) on mobile testing because that is a hot platform for our product. In other words, I have very little automation and no programming skills yet highly respected by my peers and an industry competitive salary. I am proof it can be done. However, only you can decide if only performing manual testing will affect your QA career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the very least, in your shoes, I would ask what language the application you are testing is coded in, and take a beginner course or 2 in that language. I would also ask the developer that you respect the most on your team how would s/he like for you to debug errors. You may have already done these things. The skills you gain by debugging and basic coding will carry you a long way in terms of understanding product behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T18:58:45.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17349" CreationDate="2016-03-01T19:01:47.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium does not deal with current or future time. But the language you use to write selenium test does. Selenium is just one of the libraries available in your language of choice. Date/time library (and other libraries) are imported in the same way Selenium/webdriver is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T19:01:47.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17349" CreationDate="2016-03-01T19:12:25.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For your specific case, I would try the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DateTime.Now.AddHours(1.00).ToString(&quot;HH:mm:ss&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You add an hour to the current time (and date). Then, you convert it to the format you want for later use in your datepicker.&#xA;As an alternative to &lt;code&gt;Now&lt;/code&gt; you can use some other properties like &lt;code&gt;Hour&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Minute&lt;/code&gt; if that suits your datepicker input better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.datetime&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DateTime documentation&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T19:12:25.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13493" CreationDate="2016-03-01T19:31:39.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hamcrest wasn't included in the question, but since Hamcrest complements TestNG quite well, this may be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to assert is using Hamcrest's MatcherAssert.assertThat methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be used alongside Hamcrest's large assortment of matcher objects to define conditions, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;int someActualValue = 5;&#xA;MatcherAssert.assertThat(&quot;This message prints if the assert fails!&quot;, &#xA;    someActualValue, Matchers.greaterThanOrEqualTo(4));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or if we wanted to statically import MatcherAssert and Matchers for convenience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(&quot;This message prints if the assert fails!&quot;, &#xA;    someActualValue, greaterThanOrEqualTo(4));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for more syntactic sugar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(&quot;This message prints if the assert fails!&quot;, &#xA;    someActualValue, is(greaterThanOrEqualTo(4)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hamcrest also makes it pretty easy to create your own Matchers implementations to create custom assertion rules that you can use across your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an introduction for using hamcrest &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/archive/p/hamcrest/wikis/Tutorial.wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/archive/p/hamcrest/wikis/Tutorial.wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T20:04:05.460" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T20:04:05.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17171" CreationDate="2016-03-01T20:02:45.627" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any general approach or methodology to create complex user scenarios for any application or is it completely context-driven. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingeducation.org/BBST/testdesign/BBSTTestDesign2011pfinal.pdf&quot;&gt;BBST Test Design slides&lt;/a&gt; Cem Kaner describes a scenario as &quot;a hypothetical story about the software. A scenario test is a test&#xA;based on a scenario.&quot; He then says &lt;strong&gt;a good scenario test&lt;/strong&gt; has &lt;strong&gt;5 characteristics&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test is &lt;strong&gt;based on a coherent story&lt;/strong&gt; about how the program is used, including goals and emotions of people. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;story is credible&lt;/strong&gt;. Stakeholders will believe that something like it probably will happen. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Failure of the test would motivate a stakeholder with influence to &lt;strong&gt;argue it should be fixed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The story &lt;strong&gt;involves complexity&lt;/strong&gt;: a complex use of the program or a complex&#xA;environment or a complex set of data. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test results are &lt;strong&gt;easy to evaluate&lt;/strong&gt;. This is important for scenarios because they are complex.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These characteristics are meant to differentiate scenario testing from other techniques like use-case or user-personas testing. Use cases, for example, don't need to be complex tests and can abstract out the humans who may use the software. On the other hand, scenario tests can offer a much richer view of the system and of the people who use it.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;References&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cem Kaner - An introduction to scenario testing. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/ScenarioIntroVer4.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/ScenarioIntroVer4.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Michael Bolton - Why we do scenario testing. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/05/why-we-do-scenario-testing/&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2010/05/why-we-do-scenario-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Michael Bolton - Users we don’t like. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/articles/2007-08-UsersWeDontLike.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/articles/2007-08-UsersWeDontLike.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are about 30 references to scenario testing in the references section of the BBST slides I mentioned above: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingeducation.org/BBST/testdesign/BBSTTestDesign2011pfinal.pdf&quot;&gt;http://testingeducation.org/BBST/testdesign/BBSTTestDesign2011pfinal.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T20:02:45.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17359" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-01T18:35:35.690" Score="4" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;The general software release process is alpha, beta, rc, release. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am building a release for an embedded target, containing everything: boot loader, root file system, kernel, and the application software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So one produces a release candidate, it gets fully tested and everyone is happy with it. However, the version (containing the fact it is a release candidate) is embedded in the release; in my case a file in the root file system (for example 4.0-rc5).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process for making the release is a shell script which basically bundles everything together (it doesn't rebuild anything). The version file would need to be changed before the release was rebuilt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a restriction that I cannot rebuild the release once it has been tested, otherwise it all needs to be tested again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a viable process to promote a release candidate to an actual release?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26330" OwnerDisplayName="Martin" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T13:25:57.257" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T03:33:31.847" Title="Moving from release candidate to release without rebuilding the package" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;release&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17359" CreationDate="2016-03-01T18:38:59.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, which I admit has often been of my own crafting and almost always specific to Red Hat / Fedora, I have a full suite of detailed tests to run against the release candidate package and a much smaller suite of simple verification tests to run against the repackaged release version. I've been able to get away with this by pointing out that the build process is identical between the rc and release packages, and that it pulls from a designated tag in the repository (be it git or SVN).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="John" LastActivityDate="2016-03-01T18:38:59.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17361" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-02T07:32:40.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Open source software is software distributed under an open source license. Such a license specifically allows anyone to copy, modify, extend and redistribute the source code without paying royalties or fees to the original authors. Many open source licenses require that the source code is released for software that includes (modified) portions of the original open source software. Only use this tag if your question relates to these issues in some way; it shouldn't be simply &quot;this question is for an open source project.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are dozens of open source licenses, the most well known of which is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GNU General Public License&lt;/a&gt;, or GPL. To determine whether a particular license should be considered an Open Source License, the &lt;a href=&quot;http://opensource.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Initiative&lt;/a&gt; has created an &lt;a href=&quot;http://opensource.org/docs/osd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Definition&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open source software often, but not always, evolves through community cooperation. These communities are composed of individual programmers as well as (large) companies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open source software is considered to be &lt;em&gt;free&lt;/em&gt; software, as anyone is &lt;em&gt;free&lt;/em&gt; to do almost anything with it. However, open source does not imply that the software is &lt;em&gt;free&lt;/em&gt; as in free beer. Companies and individuals are allowed to charge for the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is not open source if it is only provided for reviewing, without the right to modify it and share the modified versions also for commercial use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T16:18:39.137" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T16:18:39.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17362" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-02T07:32:40.117" Score="0" Body="Open source software is software distributed under an open source license. Such a license specifically allows anyone to copy, modify, extend and redistribute the source code without paying royalties or fees to the original authors. Only use this tag if your question relates to these issues in some way; it shouldn't be simply &quot;this question is for an open source project.&quot;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T16:18:30.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T16:18:30.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14576" CreationDate="2016-03-02T08:55:33.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;QTP 11.0 does not support IE11.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first version that supporto IE11 is UFT 12.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T08:55:33.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17365" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-02T10:33:13.483" Score="0" ViewCount="6577" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using given below xpath but my script is not clicking on these element&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Login_Btn = &quot;(//a[contains(text(),'Login')])[2]&quot;;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;//div[@id='bd_login']/a&quot; ;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(Login_Btn)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FED code :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;row emailExist&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;rowL&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;rowR&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;cover&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;i id=&quot;bd_email_err&quot; class=&quot;erLbl&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;bd_login&quot; class=&quot;dspN&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:5px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;An account already exists for this email. Please use a different email or &#xA;&amp;lt;a &quot;).click();&quot;=&quot;&quot; #login_layer=&quot;&quot; onclick=&quot;$(&quot; href=&quot;javascript:;&quot;&amp;gt;Login&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17010" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-03-02T12:17:11.150" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T12:17:11.150" Title="Unable to click on javascript element through selenium driver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17365" CreationDate="2016-03-02T11:55:21.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(Login_Btn));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17004" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T11:55:21.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17319" CreationDate="2016-03-02T15:27:04.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can grow in your career not only by extending testing methods. Possible ways according to testing disciplines are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From simple &lt;strong&gt;Manual tester&lt;/strong&gt; you can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;become a &lt;strong&gt;Test Analyst&lt;/strong&gt; - person who is creating new test cases and invent new ways how to test certain cases. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;become a &lt;strong&gt;Test Team Leader&lt;/strong&gt; - person who's seniority is good enough to lead other people. Usually it means you should know at least some methodology or to have at least some level of knowledge or certification in testing field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;become &lt;strong&gt;Automation Tester&lt;/strong&gt; (automaton) - person who can write scripts, which du the testing job which is too huge, repeats too often or too complex to be done manually. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;become a &lt;strong&gt;QA/Test Manager&lt;/strong&gt; - person who manages testing teams, testers, automatons, test analyst, etc. This is more about people management than about testing, but you should understand all roles. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you want to stay just a manual tester, there are other ways where to grow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;business domain&lt;/strong&gt; (banking, telco, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;technology domain&lt;/strong&gt; (specific testing tools)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;certifications&lt;/strong&gt; (ISTQB, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;methodologies&lt;/strong&gt; (testing methodologies as TMap NEXT, including development and analysis fields as RUP, UML, BPML, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quality measures and practices&lt;/strong&gt; (for example 6sigma, ITIL, balanced scorecard, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... and maybe someone adds his favorite as a comment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choice is up to you and up to needs of your stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T15:27:04.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5916" CreationDate="2016-03-02T19:24:39.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A scenario that comes to mind where System Testing precedes Integration testing is an expense application that I worked on, that integrated with an external banking application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once expenses are registered by a user in the Expense application, the Admin would then run a payroll export which would result in the user being reimbursed that amount through the external banking application. Our options on testing this integration was constrained and only tested up to the point that if the correct output files were received the test is deemed to have passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T19:24:39.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17319" CreationDate="2016-03-02T19:30:46.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's not a generic answer to that question; a lot of it is going to be dependent on the company, and your career goals.  If you're doing the same manual tests over and over again, and nothing else, then yes, I'd say that would be career limiting, because you really aren't increasing the value you provide to your employeer/customer.  However, if you're increasing the scope of the testing you do (including more components, for example, or testing more complicated scenarios, or learning how to find more subtle bugs), or you're learning more about what you're testing (becoming able to debug problems, or write documentation, or provide usability feedback, or building tools to allow you to do better testing, for example), then you're increasing your value to your employeer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you ask about if you'll ever make more money than the automated testers, I'd look at the tradeoffs.  Most likely, with automated testing, they'll be finding more bugs than you will, because they can cover more of the program's surface.  However, you should be able to find more complicated bugs, and bugs in areas that don't lend themselves to automation.  You also should be able to provide better bug reports than an automated tool can.  You should also be able to test things that are new or prototypes, where the automated test suites haven't been written yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there seems to be some confusion between manual testing and black box testing; the two aren't related.  You can automate black box testing, and you can write automated test cases when doing white box testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T19:30:46.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17374" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-02T19:33:33.167" Score="0" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done C/C++ in 2007. In between 2008 to 2015 I was doing business. Now I want to study again. I want to be Software Tester (Master Level). Can anybody help me and let me know how &amp;amp; from where to Start. Is their any Prerequisite Course required for the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16955" LastEditorUserId="16955" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T07:26:02.877" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T07:26:02.877" Title="Want to be Software Tester? From where to start?" Tags="&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-03-03T16:03:37.693" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-02T19:59:01.567" Score="0" ViewCount="13183" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to do this: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwareishard.com/blog/firebug/automate-page-load-performance-testing-with-firebug-and-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwareishard.com/blog/firebug/automate-page-load-performance-testing-with-firebug-and-selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the screenshot taken from eclipse&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.stack.tests;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;&#xA;&#xA;public class PerformanceTesting {&#xA;       public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;            FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;            WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;        } }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the error code taken while running:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;E:\stackoverflow\src\test\java\com\stack\tests&amp;gt;javac -cp selenium-serv&#xA;er-standalone-2.52.0.jar PerformanceTesting.java&#xA;&#xA;E:\stackoverflow\src\test\java\com\stack\tests&amp;gt;set classpath=%classpat&#xA;h%;.;&#xA;&#xA;E:\stackoverflow\src\test\java\com\stack\tests&amp;gt;java -cp .;selenium-ser&#xA;ver-standalone-2.52.0.jar PerformanceTesting&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: PerformanceTesting (w&#xA;rong name: com/stack/tests/PerformanceTesting)&#xA;        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)&#xA;        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(Unknown Source)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does somebody know how to fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16629" LastEditorUserId="16629" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T03:33:01.383" LastActivityDate="2021-03-04T21:24:28.253" Title="Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17729" CreationDate="2016-03-02T22:12:13.803" Score="2" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project in which we keep one wiki platform in sync with the content of other. The way we do this is a document edit on 'Wiki A' kicks of a data flow pipeline that transforms data from format of of 'Wiki A' to format of 'Wiki B' and sends this data to 'Wiki B' for import.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have 3 components. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'Wiki A' which is in PHP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Translation Service which is a Ruby-on-rails service&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'Wiki B' which is in Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to build an automated end-to-end testing framework which should ideally be able to test the following: The main need for the testing is my unit tests for each product cannot test the communication between the products and do not test the whole end-to-end data flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit a page on 'Wiki A'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test that it kicks of the data flow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test that the TranslationService transformed the data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test that 'Wiki B' imports the transformed data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on initial research, my options are a recording tools such as Selenium. Selenium can handle the multiple products I want to test, but from what I have seen the tests are fragile.&#xA;The other option is some development testing tool like Cucumber/Capybara with which I can write robust tests, but I am not sure how it works in a multiple product architecture, each written in a different language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I looking at it in the correct way? Am I too ambitious to attempt a singular end-to-end testing framework spanning multiple products?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17025" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T22:16:31.027" Title="Automated integration testing spanning multiple services" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17342" CreationDate="2016-03-02T22:49:15.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the suggestions by others, I started looking into WebDriverEventListener and found this blog post very helpful: &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumworks.blogspot.com/2014/02/eventfiringwebdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Seleniumworks: EventFiringWebDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After implementing this, I have the following code, which seems to work for my needs. (Still need to work on log4j though)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A class for implementing the WebDriverEventListener -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package CommonMethods.Listeners;&#xA;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.support.events.AbstractWebDriverEventListener;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public class EventListener extends AbstractWebDriverEventListener {&#xA;        private By lastFindBy;&#xA;        private WebElement lastElement;&#xA;        private String originalValue;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // Prints the URL before Navigating to specific URL &quot;get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&quot;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public void beforeNavigateTo(String url, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Before Navigating To : &quot; + url + &quot;, my url was: &quot;&#xA;                    + driver.getCurrentUrl());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Prints the current URL after Navigating to specific URL &quot;get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&quot;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public void afterNavigateTo(String url, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;After Navigating To: &quot; + url + &quot;, my url is: &quot;&#xA;                    + driver.getCurrentUrl());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Called before finding Element(s)&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public void beforeFindBy(By by, WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            lastFindBy = by;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Trying to find element: '&quot; + lastFindBy + &quot;'.&quot;);&#xA;            //System.out.println(&quot;Trying to find: &quot; + by.toString()); // This is optional and an alternate way&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Called after finding Element(s)&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public void afterFindBy(By by, WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            lastFindBy = by;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Found element: '&quot; + lastFindBy + &quot;'.&quot;);&#xA;            //System.out.println(&quot;Found: &quot; + by.toString() + &quot;'.&quot;); // This is optional and an alternate way&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;      //CLICK | CLICK()&#xA;&#xA;        // Called before clicking an Element&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public void beforeClickOn(WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Trying to click: '&quot; + element + &quot;'&quot;);&#xA;            // Highlight Elements before clicking&#xA;            for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 1; i++) {&#xA;                JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;                js.executeScript(&#xA;                        &quot;arguments[0].setAttribute('style', arguments[1]);&quot;,&#xA;                        element, &quot;color: black; border: 3px solid black;&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Called after clicking an Element&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public void afterClickOn(WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Clicked Element with: '&quot; + element + &quot;'&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;         //* CHANGING VALUES | CLEAR() &amp;amp; SENDKEYS()&#xA;&#xA;        // Before Changing values&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public void beforeChangeValueOf(WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            lastElement = element;&#xA;            originalValue = element.getText();&#xA;&#xA;            // What if the element is not visible anymore?&#xA;            if (originalValue.isEmpty()) {&#xA;                originalValue = element.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // After Changing values&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public void afterChangeValueOf(WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;            lastElement = element;&#xA;            String changedValue = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;            try {&#xA;                changedValue = element.getText();&#xA;            } catch (StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;                System.out&#xA;                        .println(&quot;Could not log change of element, because of a stale&quot;&#xA;                                + &quot; element reference exception.&quot;);&#xA;                return;&#xA;            }&#xA;            // What if the element is not visible anymore?&#xA;            if (changedValue.isEmpty()) {&#xA;                changedValue = element.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Changing value in element: &quot; + lastElement&#xA;                    + &quot; from '&quot; + originalValue + &quot;' to '&quot; + changedValue + &quot;'&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then my page objects were modified to use this listener - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Pages.LoginPage;&#xA;&#xA;import CommonMethods.Listeners.EventListener;&#xA;import configs.BrowserConfig;&#xA;import configs.UserConfigs;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.events.EventFiringWebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginPage extends BrowserConfig {&#xA;&#xA;    private static WebDriver driver = BrowserConfig.driver;&#xA;    private static EventFiringWebDriver event1 = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);&#xA;    private static EventListener handle = new EventListener();&#xA;&#xA;    //Element Locator Variables&#xA;    String userNameFieldById = &quot;userId&quot;;&#xA;    String passwordFieldById = &quot;passwordId&quot;;&#xA;    String submitButtonById = &quot;submitId&quot;;&#xA;    String pageHeaderTitleByTagName = &quot;Health Hero Network&quot;;&#xA;    String customerSupportLinkByLinkText = &quot;Customer Support&quot;;&#xA;    String termsOfUserLinkByLinkText = &quot;Terms of Use and Legal Notices&quot;;&#xA;    String mainImageByXpath = &quot;//img[contains(@src,'images/login/header1.jpg&quot;;&#xA;    String invalidLoginErrorByClassName = &quot;hhnErrorRedFontBold&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    //Constructor&#xA;    public LoginPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Fill Username&#xA;    public void FillUsername(String userNameEntry) {&#xA;        event1.register(handle);&#xA;        WebElement userNameField = event1.findElement(By.id(userNameFieldById));&#xA;        userNameField.clear();&#xA;        userNameField.sendKeys(userNameEntry);&#xA;        event1.unregister(handle);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Fill Password&#xA;    public void FillPassword(String passwordEntry) {&#xA;        event1.register(handle);&#xA;        WebElement passwordField = event1.findElement(By.id(passwordFieldById));&#xA;        passwordField.clear();&#xA;        passwordField.sendKeys(passwordEntry);&#xA;        event1.unregister(handle);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Click Login Button&#xA;    public void ClickLoginButton(){&#xA;        event1.register(handle);&#xA;        WebElement submitButton = event1.findElement(By.id(submitButtonById));&#xA;        submitButton.click();&#xA;        event1.unregister(handle);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Login&#xA;    public void LogIn(String usernameEntry, String passwordEntry) {&#xA;        FillUsername(usernameEntry);&#xA;        FillPassword(passwordEntry);&#xA;        ClickLoginButton();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Invalid Login&#xA;    public void InvalidLogin(String usernameEntry, String passwordEntry) {&#xA;        FillUsername(usernameEntry);&#xA;        FillPassword(passwordEntry);&#xA;        ClickLoginButton();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Valid Login&#xA;    public  void validLogin() {&#xA;        FillUsername(UserConfigs.getValidUsername());&#xA;        FillPassword(UserConfigs.getValidPassword());&#xA;        ClickLoginButton();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Verify Invalid Login error&#xA;    public void VerifyInvalidLogin() {&#xA;        event1.register(handle);&#xA;        try {&#xA;            WebElement loginError = event1.findElement(By.className(invalidLoginErrorByClassName));&#xA;            if (loginError.isDisplayed()) {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Invalid login credentials provided&quot;);&#xA;            } else {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Test error&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Test error.  Invalid login error message not present&quot;);&#xA;        } finally {&#xA;            event1.unregister(handle);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    //Verify successful logout&#xA;    public void VerifyLogout() {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            FillUsername(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Logout SUCCESSFUL&quot;);&#xA;        }catch (NoSuchElementException e){&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Logout FAILED&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16984" LastActivityDate="2016-03-02T22:49:15.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17374" CreationDate="2016-03-03T04:50:56.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First,&lt;/strong&gt; you will need to learn basics of software Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of resources available online teaching Software testing. You can start from following course. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/qa-software-testing-training-course/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.udemy.com/qa-software-testing-training-course/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also look for blogs/tutorials teaching basics of software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secondly,&lt;/strong&gt; If you have previous development experience and have personal interest towards scripting. Then you can also go on to become an automation tester (writing automation scripts with java). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choosing between developer and QA/Automation is your personal choice. It will depend on your personal interest towards programming and your skills level in programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T04:50:56.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17376" CreationDate="2016-03-03T05:28:21.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This exception is occur only when &lt;code&gt;selenium-server-standalone-2.52.0.jar&lt;/code&gt; is not added or the path is not correct. Please add &lt;code&gt;selenium-server-standalone-2.52.0.jar&lt;/code&gt; again or set your path again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16109" LastEditorUserId="5670" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T17:38:32.177" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T17:38:32.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17374" CreationDate="2016-03-03T06:06:55.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm a tester so I'm little biased. I would follow a tester path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It offers you many different specializations with different areas to grow. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/958&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;James Back describes&lt;/a&gt; many types of testers you can become:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Automated? Manual? There is no such thing as manual or automated testing. It’s all just testing. Testing is often supported by tools&#xA;  that attempt to simulate user interaction with the system. This is&#xA;  what people call “test automation” even though it is only automating a&#xA;  crude approximation of one aspect of testing. If you have the ambition&#xA;  to be a one-man test team, it is extremely valuable to learn how to&#xA;  make your own tools.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Exploratory? Scripted? There is no such thing as an exploratory or scripted tester. All good testing is exploratory to some degree and&#xA;  scripted to some degree.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Tester. This is a testing generalist who can contribute to any test team. Sometimes called a QA analyst, QA engineer, or test engineer. I&#xA;  prefer the simplicity of “tester.”&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Omega Tester. The omega tester (which I sometimes call a test jumper, after the analogy of a paratrooper) is one who can do&#xA;  anything. An omega tester is equipped to be the only tester in a&#xA;  project team, if necessary. Omega testers can lead testing, or work&#xA;  with a team of other testers. I am an omega tester. I aspire to be a&#xA;  good one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Performance Tester. The performance tester understands the mathematics and dynamics of the performance of large-scale systems.&#xA;  They use tools that create high loads and measure the performance&#xA;  envelope of systems as they scale up.  Performance testers often don’t&#xA;  think of themselves as testers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Usability Tester. The usability tester is a bit mythical. I have met only two dedicated usability testers in my entire career, but I have&#xA;  seen more of them from a distance. A usability tester specializes in&#xA;  studying how users feel about using and learning a product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Security Tester. Security testers also often don’t think of themselves as testers. Security is an exciting, specialized form of&#xA;  testing that requires the mastery of a great many facts about a great&#xA;  many technologies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Testing Toolsmith. A testing toolsmith is a programmer dedicated to writing and maintaining tools that help testers. This is what a lot of&#xA;  people would call an “automated tester” but you better not use that&#xA;  term around me. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;“SDET” Software Development Engineer in Test. This&#xA;  means a full on programmer who does testing using his programming&#xA;  skills.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-03T06:25:55.910" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T06:25:55.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-03T10:55:18.267" Score="16" ViewCount="7633" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What is the best approach in dealing with a huge bug backlog? Currently we have a huge bug backlog and i was looking for an efficient way to deal/categorize/ how to manage the backlog?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13105" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:02:59.410" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T18:00:44.763" Title="How to tackle a huge bug backlog?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-03T11:13:54.603" Score="2" ViewCount="1622" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently looking for a good bug matrix. Does anyone know of one, i have come across this: &lt;a href=&quot;https://michaellant.com/2010/05/25/a-simple-agile-defect-management-process/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://michaellant.com/2010/05/25/a-simple-agile-defect-management-process/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13105" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T00:24:16.823" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T14:26:00.963" Title="Does anyone know of a good bug matrix or defect management process?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17385" CreationDate="2016-03-03T11:28:18.507" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is very common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are basically 3 parts to the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Measure.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Track stats to know when the backlog is getting worse or improving, week to week&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Identify.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Figure out what things you need to change to stop making it worse week to week&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Cleanup.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Clean up the backlog you created, bit by bit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll focus on part 3 - the cleanup - but if you don't do parts 1 and 2 you'll quickly be in a bad spot again (if you ever get out at all).  If you want more info on Measure and Track then ask questions about those parts specifically for specific answers that can go into detail (and solicit a variety of answers of course).  Also Kate's detailed answer has good info for those activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, for the cleanup, I would look to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prioritize.  They can't all the the same priority.  Maybe rank into High, Medium, Low.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimate difficulty.  In terms of &lt;em&gt;relative&lt;/em&gt; complexity to other tickets.  Using points and voting is one approach.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Categorize, Tag and Label.  Some tickets are minor, say layout issues, others might be significant, maybe database issues.  Creating categories and using tags and labels can help in triage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use an Agile approach focused on this weeks (or this sprints) work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Big monitors to show the backlog constantly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a tool like Jira, Trello or Pivotal Tracker to manage the tickets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mix current development tickets with ones from the backlog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete old tickets.  Even &quot;a good idea&quot;, &quot;we should do&quot; will often not be done.  Be bold in your deletions.  You can always recreate or revive tickets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write tests.  If you have accumulated a lot of bugs, are folks writing tests to prevent them in the first place with TDD/BDD ?  If not they should start now to prevent the bugs increasing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use QA/QE to help test for, find, prioritize and categorize bugs &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the amount of work assigned to, done and overflowing from sprint to sprint and see if you are simply taking on too much work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bring the issue up in retrospectives to get more ideas on how the team would like to address it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think short term and what resources would it take to actually address it right now compared to those available and current feature development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think long term about how to avoid getting back in the same situation.  Stats on tickets (added, resolved, outstanding, etc.) and the trends week to week should be monitored.  Long-term thinking should include analysis of how things got the way they are right now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T17:43:32.530" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T17:43:32.530" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17385" CreationDate="2016-03-03T13:00:06.997" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Michael Durrant's excellent answer and the equally good comments, I'd suggest you consider a few things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have not already done so, devote some time to analysis of your bug backlog. You will probably find some combination of the following things:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The bugs cluster in certain areas of the application. These will typically be the areas that are most complex and/or had the least design and architectural attention.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A significant number of bugs are caused by insufficiently defined user stories or missed user stories. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A significant number of bugs are in areas that are not unit tested or unit-testable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A significant number of bugs are regressions of previously tested functionality (which is probably not tested by automation or not testable by automation).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you have a decent analysis of your bugs, you will find that they point to a number of areas where your process need to improve. For example:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a lot of your bugs are customer-reported, your team probably needs to devote more time to integration and end-to-end automation, starting in the parts of the application where customer-reported bugs are thickest.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a lot of your bugs are regressions, your team probably needs to devote more time to building good unit and integration tests and maintaining them as functionality changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a lot of your bugs are obsolete (that is, have been fixed in later versions but were never closed) or duplicates, your team probably needs to spend more time grooming your bug backlog along with the feature and user story backlogs, as well as aggressively hunting duplicate reports. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you have an idea why your bug backlog keeps growing, where they're coming from, and the root causes of them, your team may need to designate a sprint as a bug cleanup sprint, where you start with the highest priority bugs and work your way through the bug backlog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For a really horrible bug backlog, you might want to designate every fourth sprint (or whatever cadence suits you) to bug cleanup until the backlog is under control. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If insufficient unit/integration/end-to-end test automation is part of the problem, you may want to devote one or more sprints to fixing the test automation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are not able to devote sprints to automation or bug cleanup, then chances are the problem is higher up the food chain than your team and needs to be addressed with your management - a team that is not able to spend the time they need on quality practices or reducing their technical debt (which your bug backlog represents) is typically being pushed or required by their management to produce more new functionality than is sustainable (in which case I sympathize. I've been there, and educating management is not fun).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T13:00:06.997" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17385" CreationDate="2016-03-03T14:42:28.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I have worked on resolving bug reports in the past I found that the backlog was able to be shrunk due to a large number of people reporting the same bug. We wrote a similar bugs plugin for our app which searched all open bugs and recommended which ones to link as the same bug, then a new bug report was created automatically with details from all the customer submitted bug reports and the customer submitted bugs which where for the same bug where all linked together and related to the one bug, in one instance we where able to take nearly 1000 bug reports and reduce them to a single master bug report which had been duplicated so many times simply because the bug was in a frequently used feature which was bringing up an error display and our error display featured a &quot;Report as Bug&quot; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17047" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T14:42:28.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17391" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-03T15:26:23.180" Score="2" ViewCount="2000" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running a selenium server on my local machine and passing in a suite of selenese tests (the browser is being run on a virtual display with Xvfb)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DISPLAY=:99 \&#xA;java -jar ../automated-test-builder/selenium-server*.jar \&#xA;-port 4444 \&#xA;-timeout 7200 \&#xA;-browserTimeout 180 \&#xA;-htmlSuite &quot;*firefox /usr/lib64/firefox/firefox&quot;&#xA;http://testsite.com \&#xA;suite.html \&#xA;../compiledTests/suites/results.html&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However no matter what I have tried with the -browserTimeout option I am still getting occasional timeout issues after 30000 ms (30seconds)? How can I increase the timeout for each action?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17048" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T08:10:30.423" Title="-browserTimeout does not seem to change timeout" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17391" CreationDate="2016-03-03T15:38:40.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/12412/7552&quot;&gt;Se2 experts suggest NOT USE IMPLICIT WAIT&lt;/a&gt; at all. Especially don't mix them with explicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jim Evans is Se2 core team member so he should know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T15:38:40.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17393" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-03T16:13:49.903" Score="1" ViewCount="333" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to use a Test Object in the repository as a description object, to identify a collection of similar objects? I want to manage the identification of objects with discriptive programming, and thought of using TOs in repo as a way to identifty collections of objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have a TO in the repository that is not unique (that is, identifies a collection of similar objects), can I use that TO as a collection? How can I then identify a specific object from that collection?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I'll provide more detail. I've been collecting objects with same characteristics with the Description Object and descripitive programming. For example, I identify an object thorugh its xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set oDesc = Description.Create&#xA;oDesc( &quot;micclass&quot; ).value = &quot;WebElement&quot;&#xA;oDesc (&quot;xpath&quot;).value = &quot;//DIV[14]/DIV[1]/DIV[1]&quot;&#xA;Set colObject = ParentObject.ChildObjects(oDesc)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, I can also store a TO in a repository that identifies the same object above (also using the same xpath value, &quot;//DIV[14]/DIV[1]/DIV[1]&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now consider the case where I want to identify a collection of objects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set oDesc = Description.Create&#xA;oDesc( &quot;micclass&quot; ).value = &quot;WebElement&quot;&#xA;oDesc (&quot;xpath&quot;).value = &quot;//DIV[14]/DIV[*]/DIV[1]&quot;&#xA;Set colObject = ParentObject.ChildObjects(oDesc)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With descriptive programming, it returns a collection of objects with the following xpath values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;//DIV[14]/DIV[1]/DIV[1]&quot;&#xA;&quot;//DIV[14]/DIV[2]/DIV[1]&quot;&#xA;&quot;//DIV[14]/DIV[3]/DIV[1]&quot;&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is: Is it possible to create/use a TO in a repository to identify/manage a collection of objects? For example, use a TO in the repository with the xpath &quot;//DIV[14]/DIV[*]/DIV[1]&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7253" LastEditorUserId="7253" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T14:45:27.790" LastActivityDate="2021-04-03T05:05:20.497" Title="Using objects in repository to describe/gather collection of similar objects" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;uft-12.52&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17391" CreationDate="2016-03-03T16:18:27.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about to set on the start of your selenese test set the setSpeed/setTimeout commands?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command    | Target | Value &#xA;setSpeed   | 3000&#xA;setTimeout | 50000&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T16:18:27.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17386" CreationDate="2016-03-03T16:43:22.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Matrix you mentioned in your link calls Scope what is usually called Visibility or Impact. Otherwise it is the same, Severity is mixture of Impact and Vulnerability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see no additional value in mixing into some matrix Severity and Priority as the Michael Lant in his article does, as both metrics tells little different story and therefore I consider it WRONG. You can have bugs which are just cosmetic with minor occurence to users, but extremely important for another reason (presence of the fix in next build, key user, etc.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Priority should not be determined directly from severity/impact/vulnerability metrics as then it can become useless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity tells you how severe the fault is, what is the damage and how many users will see that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Priority tells you how qick the fault should be fixed (usually stakeholder's wish). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look on my answered questions which was created in early beta to provide some content to SQAStackExchange: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7530/how-to-categorize-defects&quot;&gt;How to categorize defects?&lt;/a&gt; -  especially Ivor McCormack's matrix for Severity from (Vulnerability and Impact) and mine response about the ISTQB standards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7535/what-is-the-difference-between-bug-severity-and-bug-priority&quot;&gt;What is the difference between bug severity and bug priority?&lt;/a&gt; - for the difference between Severity and Priority - accepted solution is the best.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T16:51:53.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17396" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-03T17:02:29.050" Score="1" ViewCount="1832" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a limit to the number of steps that can be included when creating a shared step in TFS?  I have a process that is repeated for many test cases.  The process contains 12 steps so I wanted to create a shared step rather than write out all 12 steps each time.  However, when I highlight those steps and click Create Shared Step, I do not get the box to input the title of the shared step.  This leads me to believe there may be a limit to the number of steps that can be included in a shared step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16518" LastActivityDate="2019-08-13T18:02:31.380" Title="TFS - shared step creation" Tags="&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17397" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-03T17:23:13.840" Score="1" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coded UI test cases doesn't respond well on time if they encounter any field having JavaScript validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Issue: Currently I am facing some issues with the time taken by Coded UI in execution of Functional Test cases. On doing some research (hit and trial) I found that whenever there comes a field which have some client side validations, execution slows down e.g. I have fields like 'Start Date' and 'End Date', when user enters start date and focus is moved from that field, application verified if the Start Date is less than Current Date, same happens for End Date field too. Manually this works fine, but when Coded UI test cases are executed for forms containing such fields, then it takes a lot of time to fill value of the field which have client side validations and the overall execution time increases if there are 4-5 such fields on a page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to resolve this issue in Coded UI test cases written in VS 2013 like executing the JavaScript through test code etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information all the fields are using (or implemented) Bootstrap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2020-12-09T10:02:10.223" Title="Coded UI slows down in executing JS enabled fields" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17397" CreationDate="2016-03-03T17:36:32.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try focusing the field and using SendKeys to send the values instead of using SetProperty on the controls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15644" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T17:36:32.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17340" CreationDate="2016-03-03T18:37:58.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also run a fork of your main vbs and kill it once the timeout is reached:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sub RunMeWithTimeout(ByVal timeout_ms)&#xA;  If WScript.Arguments.Named.Exists(&quot;fork&quot;) Then Exit Sub&#xA;  Dim process, endtime, cmd, arg&#xA;  For Each arg In WScript.Arguments: cmd = cmd &amp;amp; &quot; &quot; &amp;amp; arg: Next&#xA;  cmd = WScript.FullName &amp;amp; &quot; &quot;&quot;&quot; &amp;amp; WScript.ScriptFullName &amp;amp; &quot;&quot;&quot;&quot; &amp;amp; cmd &amp;amp; &quot; /fork&quot;&#xA;  Set process = CreateObject(&quot;WScript.Shell&quot;).Exec(cmd)&#xA;  endtime = Now + (timeout_ms / 86400000)&#xA;  Do Until process.Status&#xA;    If Now &amp;gt; endtime Then&#xA;      On Error Resume Next&#xA;      process.Terminate&#xA;      WScript.Quit 1&#xA;    End If&#xA;    WScript.Sleep 60&#xA;  Loop&#xA;  WScript.Quit&#xA;End Sub&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Call RunMeWithTimeout(3000)&#xA;&#xA;WScript.Echo &quot;This process will be killed in 3 seconds&quot;&#xA;WScript.Sleep 60000&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2016-03-03T18:37:58.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17400" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-03T19:15:33.143" Score="2" ViewCount="4377" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing web based application and want to select radio button, but am unable to select it using coded UI automation. I have tried to find it using ID, Name, Value but all throwing the same error. What could be the reason?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Result Message:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test method SampleTest.LoginPage.LoginTest.Login_Sample threw&#xA;exception: &#xA;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.UITestControlNotFoundException   :&#xA;The playback failed to find the control with the given search&#xA;properties. Additional Details:  TechnologyName:  'Web' ControlType:&#xA;'CheckBox' TagName:  'INPUT' Value:  '104677'  Failed to find any&#xA;control that matched the search condition Value='104677' &amp;amp;&amp;amp;&#xA;ControlType='CheckBox' ---&amp;gt;&#xA;System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException: Error HRESULT E_FAIL has&#xA;been returned from a call to a COM component.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17056" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T09:35:42.623" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T00:21:28.993" Title="How to Select/Check Radio Button Using Coded ui?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17402" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17432" CreationDate="2016-03-04T05:13:55.267" Score="3" ViewCount="1139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know how exactly this chromedriver.exe and IEDriverServer.exe play role in executing the WebDriver scripts in chrome and IE browsers respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12060" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T17:08:00.350" Title="What is the purpose of chromedriver or IEDriverServer while executing in this browsers respectively?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17403" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-04T05:18:41.920" Score="3" ViewCount="739" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for sqa tutorials in hindi language or in urdu. Tried to search on google, but did not find. If anyone knows, please share here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="5351" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T06:25:09.420" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T11:44:27.577" Title="Looking for SQA tutorials in hindi or urdu" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17404" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-04T05:26:09.920" Score="1" ViewCount="1249" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using one database synchronization from one platform (php) to another platform (sharepoit) l, but I am confused for which conditions check for synchronization process. which steps follows for test synchronization process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastEditorDisplayName="user17063" LastEditDate="2016-03-06T04:57:30.847" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T04:57:30.847" Title="How to test synchronization process with positive &amp; negative test case and test scenario?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-04T15:38:24.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17422" CreationDate="2016-03-04T05:30:11.517" Score="3" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all I have read some great answers in the following link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/76&quot;&gt;Are your UI automated tests dependent or ordered?&lt;/a&gt;. But would like a clearer understanding in terms of dependencies within test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll be straight forward here and give an example, we have two tests &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A tests for if an object can have a unique attribute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B test for if an object can have another unique attribute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The object &lt;strong&gt;cannot&lt;/strong&gt; have two attributes at the same time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I am trying to decide on whether I should use two separate or one single object to test these cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were to use &lt;strong&gt;one&lt;/strong&gt;, then test A (or test B) would have to make sure that it &lt;strong&gt;removes the attribute&lt;/strong&gt; from the object after the test is finished, so that other tests can add other attributes to the same object. This seems like dangerous &lt;strong&gt;dependency&lt;/strong&gt; to me because if test A &lt;strong&gt;fails&lt;/strong&gt; to remove the attribute for some reason, it would have an &lt;strong&gt;impact&lt;/strong&gt; on all following tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be resolved by using &lt;strong&gt;two separate objects&lt;/strong&gt;, but then the problem is that this will likely require one object per test, which introduces a &lt;strong&gt;huge amount of objects&lt;/strong&gt; that I might not be able to offer for my current test suits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to know what is the normally preferred approach in the software testing field, and the best practice I could implement given my situation. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17062" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T14:52:33.153" Title="Should one test rely on the output of previous test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17410" CreationDate="2016-03-04T05:45:25.827" Score="1" ViewCount="677" Body="&lt;p&gt;For automating a download popup in Firefox, we use Firefox Profile and for other browsers I've used AutoIt. Is there any other way to work around it in windows? And coming to the main question, I've recently shifted to Ubuntu. So is there some sort of script or tool I can run to automate download popups in other browsers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16621" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T08:10:03.967" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T11:39:31.510" Title="How to automate a download popup in browsers other than firefox in linux and Mac?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17407" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-04T06:09:07.017" Score="1" ViewCount="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;For automating practice sites, and selenium real time projects codes I've used AutoIt. Is there any other way to work around it in windows? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coming to the main question, I've recently shifted to Ubuntu, so is there some sort of script or tool I can run to automate download popups in other browsers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17064" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T10:10:14.653" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T10:10:14.653" Title="Selenium pratice help needed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-04T10:33:57.063" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17408" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17409" CreationDate="2016-03-04T07:08:47.407" Score="1" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am working on a e-commerce website. When I visit the site for first time they are displaying a popup, like discounts or signup etc... while writing my scripts I wrote code for waiting for the popup and closing the popup. But after some days the developers removed the popup ad's. So now my script is failing too find the popup as per coding. How can I handle such a scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T08:08:50.967" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T08:08:50.967" Title="Handling the popup ad's in e-commerce website" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17408" CreationDate="2016-03-04T08:01:00.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can write a code to find out if pop is present or not, based on that follow the next steps. your code may look like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean popupPresent(driver) {&#xA;boolean foundElement = false;&#xA;try {&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;    // here your code for finding out the popup&#xA;     foundElement = true;&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch(Exception error) {&#xA;    foundElement = false;&#xA;    }&#xA;    return foundElement;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then call this function and perform the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;boolean popupPresent = popupPresent(driver);&#xA;&#xA;if(popupPresent) {&#xA;// code to close your popup.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T08:01:00.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17406" CreationDate="2016-03-04T08:06:10.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use java ROBOT class, to handle window. Following code may help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T08:06:10.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17403" CreationDate="2016-03-04T08:25:07.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For hindi videos you can go through this youtube channel &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzzX3aRVSwbibplmiwJ3ujg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzzX3aRVSwbibplmiwJ3ujg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This channel includes all technical videos in Hindi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T08:25:07.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17414" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17420" CreationDate="2016-03-04T09:25:23.860" Score="0" ViewCount="11404" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use below Java code to check if test fails&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void myMethod(){&#xA;..&#xA;..&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(condition1,condition2);&#xA;}catch(AssertionError e){&#xA;e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if condition1 and condition2 are not equal, testNG showing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;===============================================&#xA;Default suite&#xA;Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in the eclipse console. In my understanding the test should fail and failure count should be 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T12:13:09.033" LastActivityDate="2019-07-13T17:49:00.753" Title="TestNG showing as test passed even if assertion fails" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17414" CreationDate="2016-03-04T09:38:28.933" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its because you are catching the exception, your assertion is surrounded with try catch block, so your testcase gets pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update your catch block as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;catch(AssertionError e){&#xA;e.printStackTrace();&#xA;throw e;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;catch(AssertionError e){&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    Assert.fail();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will throw the exception and your testcase will be failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T10:57:21.703" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T10:57:21.703" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17406" CreationDate="2016-03-04T09:45:30.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2197/how-to-download-a-file-using-seleniums-webdriver&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; has a comprehensive list of solutions on downloading files using Selenium. I suppose most of them are Windows based solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently saw this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6680/how-to-handle-a-native-os-ubuntu-file-upload-window-in-selenium-webdriver-with&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; where there was a discussion regarding handling Ubuntu's file dialog. Although reading through the link I'm not sure if any solution was ever reached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T09:45:30.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17417" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-04T11:26:14.753" Score="1" ViewCount="6031" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to create a page with the details of test cases (say a HTML Page with some content). Say the testcases will be listed there. When i want to run the test cases then I will select them and click on 'RUN' so it will integrate with the testng.xml file and the run will happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas for implementing this? Or is there any framework available on the internet which has already implemented this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16760" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T12:35:02.173" LastActivityDate="2019-07-15T06:34:43.247" Title="How can I execute selected test cases from list of testcases in TestNG at runtime?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17418" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-04T11:56:21.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Batch files are text-based scripts, usually saved with the &lt;code&gt;.bat&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;.cmd&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;.btm&lt;/code&gt; filename extension. They are executed by the command processor (typically &lt;code&gt;COMMAND.COM&lt;/code&gt; on MS-DOS and earlier versions of Windows, &lt;code&gt;cmd.exe&lt;/code&gt; on IBM OS/2 and later version of Windows). Note that, while batch files are still supported under Windows, recent versions have the much more expressive Powershell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the source code to a typical &quot;Hello world&quot; program in batch programming:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@ECHO off&#xA;ECHO Hello World!&#xA;PAUSE&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the &lt;code&gt;!&lt;/code&gt; may not display if &lt;a href=&quot;http://ss64.com/nt/delayedexpansion.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;delayed expansion&lt;/a&gt; is enabled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tag usage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tag &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/batch-file&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;batch-file&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;batch-file&lt;/a&gt; can be used for programming-related problems in writing a batch script file for a Windows-based operating system. Please avoid &quot;suggest a book&quot;-type questions. Note the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/batch-file&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;batch-file&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;batch-file&lt;/a&gt; tag is not to be used for questions referring to a &quot;batch of files&quot; but for questions related to the shell language only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Useful links&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch_file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia: Batch file article&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.computerhope.com/batch.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ComputerHope: Batch File Help&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikihow.com/Write-a-Batch-File&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WikiHow: How to write a batch file&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/write-simple-batch-bat-file/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MakeUseOf: How to write a simple batch file&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dostips.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DosTips: Dos Batch Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ss64.com/nt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SS64: NT Command Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.robvanderwoude.com/batchfiles.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rob van der Woude: Batch Techniques&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/resources/documentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en-us/batch.mspx?mfr=true&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows XP Batch Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb490869.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows XP Command Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc772390.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Windows 2008 Command Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4094699/how-does-the-windows-command-interpreter-cmd-exe-parse-scripts/4095133&quot;&gt;How does the Windows Command Interpreter (CMD.EXE) parse scripts?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T13:55:41.770" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T13:55:41.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17419" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-04T11:56:21.010" Score="0" Body="A batch file is a text file containing a series of commands that are executed by the command interpreter on MS-DOS, IBM OS/2, or Microsoft Windows systems." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T13:55:32.177" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T13:55:32.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17414" CreationDate="2016-03-04T11:58:12.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just stop catching &lt;code&gt;AssertionError&lt;/code&gt; exceptions and you will see your tests failing as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why this so? When an assertion evaluates to false: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertEquals(3, 5);&#xA;assertThat(3, is(equalTo(5)));&#xA;assert 3 == 5;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in all those cases it throws &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/javadocs/org/testng/SkipException.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;AssertionError&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; exception. Any exception thrown in the test terminates the test, unless it is caught. So in your case, if you catch the exception, then your test is not terminated and considered as passed. A test execution framework (TestNG, JUnit, etc.) has simply no knowledge that any assertion failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if your test throws an exception, whether it is &lt;code&gt;AssertionError&lt;/code&gt; or other exception, the test execution framework will consider your test as failed (with one small exception to &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/javadocs/org/testng/SkipException.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;SkipException&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that the test execution framework will mark your test as skipped).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You haven't explained why you catch &lt;code&gt;AssertionError&lt;/code&gt; in your test. But if you care about printing the stacktrace of &lt;code&gt;AssertionError&lt;/code&gt;, your test execution framework will do it for you automatically after failing the test. So printing it explicitly in your test is not necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T07:00:08.053" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T07:00:08.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9345" CreationDate="2016-03-04T12:28:30.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ncbi/robotframework-pageobjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot Framework Page Object Library&lt;/a&gt; is the closest one to the description.&#xA;There is no activity on the said repo now, but that's not because of the usual reasons, the original owners are looking for someone to adopt it. It works pretty well as it is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main reason why I like it more than a vanilla Python implementation is that it extends the popular &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robotframework/Selenium2Library&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RobotFramework Selenium2Library&lt;/a&gt; , and hence you will inherit all of S2L's and &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RobotFramework's&lt;/a&gt; features&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5316" LastEditorUserId="5316" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T12:36:45.747" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T12:36:45.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17405" CreationDate="2016-03-04T12:41:45.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand your question, the answer is to use different &lt;em&gt;instances&lt;/em&gt; of your object, since they will have a number of common attributes but the attributes your two tests are checking are mutually exclusive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, in an application that manages student enrollment and teacher allocation of courses for a school, there might be a Person object. A Person may have the Student attribute &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; the Teacher attribute but not both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example, TestA would create an instance of Person as part of the Arrange portion of the test, perform whatever test actions are needed, then Assert that the instance's Student attribute is set and its Teacher attribute is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; set. The teardown would then destroy that instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestB creates a second instance, performs its actions, then Asserts that the instance's Student attribute is not set and its Teacher attribute is set. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can set this kind of framework up in multiple different ways (and combinations of these): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loading object instance data from a file or database where the data is flagged with which test it applies to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helper routines which create the instances based on the rules you give in your test code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mocking or stubbing your test objects to minimize the amount of setup each test requires.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other ways as well - this is far from a comprehensive list. As a general rule unless you have no other choice you should be aiming to keep your tests as independent as possible, your test data as independent as possible, and your code as DRY as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T12:41:45.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17396" CreationDate="2016-03-04T12:51:31.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suspect it depends on where you're creating the test case, and what version you're using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Test Manager 2013 doesn't have a limit - I just created a shared step with 13 steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your version of the TFS web portal may not support this: TFS 2012 web portal doesn't support creating shared steps at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VSTS has a limit of 10 steps to create shared steps from existing steps. The workaround would be to either group your steps into two shared steps, or to see if you can add steps to the shared steps after you create them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T12:51:31.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17405" CreationDate="2016-03-04T14:45:47.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most classic way is to test and assert them in 2 separate test (lets say at unit test level) and then have another test which test every possible combinations (&quot;Integration test&quot; though probably not the best name for it). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I think testing and asserting them only in 2 separate test cases and execute them in sequence while the assertion of the 2nd test depends on the result of the 1st one, makes sense too.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best example which comes to my mind is testing a &quot;Buffer&quot;. Lets assume we have a very simple buffering service (capacity=2) with the following methods:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; 1. Read() // Return last item from Buffer&#xA; 2. Write(item) // Add &quot;item&quot; to the buffer&#xA; 3. Remove() // Remove the last item in buffer&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have 1 test suit (class) which contains 4 different test case in it as follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;buffer = new Buffer()  // static class variable shared among all of the test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case 1: buffer.remove should fail with msg &quot;Buffer is empty.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case 2: buffer.write(A) should pass &amp;amp;&amp;amp; Buffer.size()==1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case 3: buffer.write(B) should pass &amp;amp;&amp;amp; Buffer.size()==2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case 4: buffer.write(C) should fail with msg &quot;Buffer is full.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, each test case is testing 1 method, though the result of each of them are depending on the previous test case.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In Scala(test) you can share your test by different fixture objects. I am sure other testing frameworks support it too. Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scalatest.org/user_guide/sharing_tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2016-03-04T14:52:33.153" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T14:52:33.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17425" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17438" CreationDate="2016-03-04T14:55:30.673" Score="1" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now my company uses a large excel spreadsheet to create 'tests' for surveys we develop.  Each column is one test through the survey.  Each field is the answer you should choose.  While this system does work and is quite thorough 99% of the time.  It is very time consuming.  I'm curious about what other types of systems or documentation other people use when creating test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17075" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T12:52:35.847" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T21:15:10.930" Title="What suggestions can people give about creating organized test cases?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17431" CreationDate="2016-03-04T15:15:20.490" Score="1" ViewCount="1912" Body="&lt;p&gt;To give some context I am building a testing system with Selenium, nUnit and Visual Studio in c# that will allow me to test a number of websites one after another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue I have is that all of the tests are stored in separate classes and are called one after another. This works great, but if any tests are to fail all of the other tests following them will not be executed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to work around this by using a verify instead of an assert, this does work but any data about the failure is not shown. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an ideal situation, the Site A tests would run one after another, if any tests are to fail it would store that data and continue with the next test until it reaches the last test and will start the tests for Site B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is an example of how I call the tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [Test]&#xA;    public void Tests()&#xA;    {&#xA;        foreach (var baseURL in baseURLS)&#xA;        {&#xA;            // Frontend Failed login&#xA;            var Frontend_FailedLogin = new UseCases.Frontend_Tests.Account.Frontend_FailedLogin(this._driver, baseURL);&#xA;            Frontend_FailedLogin.FailedLogin();&#xA;&#xA;            // Frontend Login test&#xA;            var Frontend_Login = new UseCases.Frontend_Tests.Account.Frontend_Login(this._driver, baseURL);&#xA;            Frontend_Login.Login();&#xA;        }&#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any suggestions on how to handle this? &#xA;The main issue is that I need to run these tests one after another but still be able to see what tests have failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am pretty new to this so please excuse my lack of knowledge on the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17077" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T23:55:07.333" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T23:55:07.333" Title="How to set up selenium tests so that if one fails, the others still run?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17404" CreationDate="2016-03-04T15:15:28.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Key points in testing any kind of synchronised process which may help you design good test cases are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More than 1 requests are trying to access the same resource.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First come should be served first (unless something very bad happened to it e.g. the thread is killed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example, try to make some requests at the same time, then cancel/abort the leader and see which one is processed next. Also have a look at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2825657/how-to-unit-test-synchronized-code&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2825657/how-to-unit-test-synchronized-code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T15:15:28.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12573" CreationDate="2016-03-04T15:50:05.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you can do it via Appium since it doesn't have any control over the functionality of the app so 2 options I think might work:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Publish a special version of the app which triggers a job when it got updated. Obv, it is a special version only for testing purposes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make &amp;amp; install a 2nd app which check and trigger if your targeted app got updated.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T15:50:05.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17426" CreationDate="2016-03-04T16:07:17.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you data drive your tests. There are two major ways you can do this with minimal repetition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1 - Data-Driven URL List - Minimal Test Code Logic Changes&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA; (changes below are pseudo-codey - I don't know the nUnit syntax for data source attributes): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test DataSource=&quot;URLList.csv&quot;] // syntax of the data source attribute will depend on your engine and where the data is stored&#xA;public void FailLogin()&#xA;{&#xA;    // Frontend Failed login&#xA;    var Frontend_FailedLogin = new UseCases.Frontend_Tests.Account.Frontend_FailedLogin(this._driver, baseURL);&#xA;        Frontend_FailedLogin.FailedLogin();&#xA;    Assert(IsFalse, User.IsLoggedIn); // Again, syntax depends on your plugins&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[Test DataSource = &quot;URLList.csv&quot;] // Syntax depends on engine&#xA;public void SuccessLogin()&#xA;{&#xA;        // Frontend Login test&#xA;        var Frontend_Login = new UseCases.Frontend_Tests.Account.Frontend_Login(this._driver, baseURL);&#xA;        Frontend_Login.Login();&#xA;        Assert(IsTrue, User.IsLoggedIn); // Syntax depends on engine&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to add a test cleanup method along the lines of (more pseudocode because I suspect the nUnit cleanup attribute isn't the same as the MS unit test one than actual code):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestCleanup]&#xA;public void Cleanup()&#xA;{&#xA;    if (User.IsLoggedIn) &#xA;    {&#xA;        User.LogOff();&#xA;    }&#xA;    BrowserWindow.Close();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helps keep your code modular and minimizes repeated code. If there's too much of a hit from using an external data source multiple times you can set up an internal source instead in class initialize or assembly initialize routine and pull the data from that - but you would then lose the automatic cycling through all rows in the data source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2 - Also Data-Driven&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This option requires more logic - you would have your data source contain not only the URLs but whether or not the login should pass/fail (alternatively you could pass in the user name &amp;amp; password and the expected outcome)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming this structure in the input file (CSV):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;URL,IsLoggedOn&#xA;www.something.com,false&#xA;www.somethingelse.org,true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code would be something like the pseudo-code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test DataSource=&quot;URLList.csv&quot;]&#xA;public void LoginTest()&#xA;{&#xA;    bool ExpectSuccess = TestContext.DataSource.Param(&quot;IsLoggedOn&quot;);&#xA;    var Frontend_Login = new UseCases.Frontend_Tests.Account.Frontend_Login(this._driver, TestContext.DataSource.Param(&quot;URL&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    if(ExpectSuccess)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Frontend_Login.Login();&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;        Frontend_Login.FailedLogin();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    Assert(ExpectSuccess, User.IsLoggedOn);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T16:07:17.020" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17402" CreationDate="2016-03-04T17:08:00.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The files above, as their name implies, are the drivers that make selenium talk to the real chrome and IE browsers on the machine running selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no need for a separate firefox driver, as it comes included as part of selenium webdriver. This is also the case for the HtmlUnit driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When IE or Chrome browsers get updated and some functionality in tests breaks, checking if a new version of the drivers above has been produced may fix the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#selenium-webdriver-s-drivers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#selenium-webdriver-s-drivers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17051" LastActivityDate="2016-03-04T17:08:00.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-04T17:21:17.483" Score="0" ViewCount="2578" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing using a Master-Slave Configuration. When I look at the output on the master test machine, when I start the test, it typically shows 64 threads started. Recently it seems like it was showing 63 out of 64 Threads Started. I just started another another test and this time it was showing 62 out of 64 threads started.&#xA;What should I be looking for.&#xA;Below is a snapshot from the master test machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kknau.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kknau.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8829" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T16:44:33.247" Title="Not All Threads are starting in JMETER using Master-Slave Configuration" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17434" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17469" CreationDate="2016-03-04T19:28:53.630" Score="0" ViewCount="788" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using visual studio (currently 2013) for performance testing for a while now, but, have realized that Transaction Response Time counters are not populated.  This happens on all of my tests no matter which machine I run the tests on. All other counters appear to be working correctly.  I'm certain that it's something small that I'm missing, but, after doing much searching, I'm still coming up empty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="77" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T16:58:04.400" Title="Transaction Response Times in Visual Studio" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17341" CreationDate="2016-03-05T07:50:36.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With JDK 8 you can use the following solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; labels = elementcount.stream()&#xA;  .map(WebElement::getText).collect(Collectors.toList());&#xA;SortedSet&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; sorted = new TreeSet&amp;lt;&amp;gt;(labels); &#xA;assertThat(labels, contains(sorted));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T07:56:16.853" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T07:56:16.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17425" CreationDate="2016-03-05T13:04:28.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two very distinct aspects to this: Automated Testing and Test Case Management.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some organizations that invest heavily in Automated Testing find that they don't actually need a Test Case Management tool because all their testing can be seen by looking at the automated test cases and their structure and organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Test Case Management&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is where the list of test cases and associated documentation is stored.  This usually refers to test case management systems such as TestLink, TestNG, IBM Rational Quality Manager, HP Quality Center, QASymphony qTest&#xA; etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In some organizations test writing activities themselves (tickets) will be managed through a system like Jira, Trello or Pivotal Tracker.  Other organizations may simply prefer to use a bare-bones tool like Excel or even just plain text files to avoid the overhead of using a higher level system to manage test cases.  The choice will depend on your situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Automated Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is about actual automated testing using programmatic tests that you write, either backend or front-end UI tests.  This often means using frameworks such as selenium, capybara, etc. and languages such as Ruby, Python, Java and C#  Ultimately this is the best way to address the time-consuming issue.  If you consider the number of cases X the number of devices and browsers, you quickly get to a non-sustainable point.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In addition to the backend programmatic solution, there are also a number of gui tools that can be suitable for non-programmers who are coming from an 'excel type' solution, such as the seleniumIDE (A firefox extension) or a cloud service like GhostInspector which lets you build tests in a web ui with point and click.  You'll still need to learn about css and identifying elements and the like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-06T21:15:10.930" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T21:15:10.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17439" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-05T13:50:22.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This entire site is about testing&lt;/strong&gt;.  Tags are for &lt;strong&gt;narrowing down&lt;/strong&gt; questions.  When you use a term  like &quot;test&quot;, you are not narrowing down the type of question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for a tag for your question, look for a term that describes your question but also distinguishes its type of question from other types questions on this site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:14:01.757" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:14:01.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17440" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-05T13:50:22.757" Score="0" Body="THIS IS NOT THE TAG YOU ARE LOOKING FOR.  Since this entire site is about testing, &quot;test&quot; does not narrow down what kind of question this is.  DO NOT use it.  Instead, chose a tag that distinguishes your type question from other types of questions on this site." OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-05T14:14:01.757" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T14:14:01.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16537" CreationDate="2016-03-05T16:17:43.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use NUnit (or something similar), combined with C# (Again, or something similar) - with the nuGet Test Stack for accessing the application and Selenium to access the web interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not having all of your specifics, I can't give a much more detailed answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17087" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T16:17:43.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16537" CreationDate="2016-03-05T19:21:28.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use WinTask, which can automate both desktop and web applications. One script can handle both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2016-03-05T19:21:28.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15526" CreationDate="2016-03-06T07:11:37.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;all in all these 3 design patterns, we are instantiating WebDriver object only once and using across the project (we have one baseclass, where we have setup and teardown methods, and instantiating .properties file, webdriver object, taking screenshots etc.). So how these 3 are different from other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;em&gt;singleton&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;abstract factory&lt;/em&gt; do need to be used for creating only instances of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;, but you can have a factory for creating e.g., an instance of a page object class or instance of, say, &lt;code&gt;Person&lt;/code&gt; class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But let's stick to creating of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instance in different patterns. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abstract factory is called abstract, because it serves for creating different implementations of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; interface, e.g., &lt;code&gt;FirefoxWebDriver&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ChromeWebDriver&lt;/code&gt;, etc. A singleton class creates only one particular implementation of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, Only in singleton pattern you're creating &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instance once for all tests and it is globally accessible for all tests. In abstract factory everytime you call a factory method it creates a new instance of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; class. It's only up to you when you call this method, i.e., how many instances you will create. You can create &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instance even multiple times in a single test method. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/em&gt; (POM), an instance of any page object class wraps instance of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;. POM does not define how &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instances are created. However, since Web Driver instance is stateful, i.e., it contains a state in which Web browser is (current page URL, stored cookies, cache, etc.), I recommend to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a new instance for each test method and use it for all page objects in a single test method and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not reuse same instance of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; across multiple independent test methods. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, &lt;code&gt;@BeforeMethod&lt;/code&gt;-annotated method in test class is a common place to create instance of WebDriver, and &lt;code&gt;@AfterMethod&lt;/code&gt;-annotated method to close it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does Choosing a pattern also depends on kind of project you want to automate? Example if it is shopping, social networking etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. Those are generic design patterns that can be use in completely different domains and what's more, not only for test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Structural(Skeleton) difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you mean how those patterns can be implemented. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Singleton for obtaining &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class WebDriverSingleton {&#xA;&#xA;   public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;   public static WebDriver getInstance() {&#xA;     if (driver == null) {&#xA;       driver = new FirefoxWebDriver();&#xA;     }&#xA;     return driver;&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Abstract factory for creating &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class WebDriverFactory {&#xA;&#xA;   public static WebDriver createWebDriverForFirefox() {&#xA;     return new FirefoxWebDriver();&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;   public static WebDriver createWebDriverForChrome() {&#xA;     return new ChromeWebDriver();&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-06T07:28:46.387" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T07:28:46.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17445" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-06T09:36:53.733" Score="0" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where can I find the java docs for &lt;strong&gt;httpclient-4.5.1.jar&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;httpcore-4.4.3.jar&lt;/strong&gt; that comes bundled with selenium webdriver(v.2.49)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can only find a 4.5.2 version for the httpclient jar at &lt;a href=&quot;https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/httpclient/apidocs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/httpclient/apidocs/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or is that the same one to use for version 4.5.1?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8702" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T10:27:28.650" Title="Java docs for httpclient and httpcore jars" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17445" CreationDate="2016-03-06T10:27:28.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you can see in these &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.apache.org/dist/httpcomponents/httpclient/RELEASE_NOTES-4.5.x.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;release notes&lt;/a&gt;, the 4.5.x releases are mostly bugfixes. Similarly, if you google any 4.5.1 API links, you'll automatically arrive at 4.5.2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So don't worry about it, you can use the available Javadocs without any caveats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-03-06T10:27:28.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17449" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-07T15:28:23.060" Score="3" ViewCount="3817" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using TFS as our Test Management tool. We need to generate reports  for eg Test Specification and Test Execution. Test Specification will be based on the column (State) and Test execution is obtained with the help of column(Outcome). But only State column is available in list of columns whereas Outcome field is not  available in the list of columns. This is due to technical Problem according to developer and is not recommended to bring back the outcome field. Please let me know if there is any other means or any other columns which helps in generating query for test execution results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reporting Server is not yet configured. We need to query result based on available columns&#xA;Please help us as it is critical for us&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11939" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-03-07T18:01:50.177" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T21:26:43.823" Title="TFS Reporting / Query to Show Execution Status" Tags="&lt;tfs&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17386" CreationDate="2016-03-07T17:37:07.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend not using a bug matrix for two reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this more subjective than you might think&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fails at tying the defect to the actual impact to the customer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend writing a good quality story instead. Of course, if you don't have anything else and are just looking for ways to prioritize bug fixes ... and what doesn't get fixed ... then I might actually agree with the faulty argument that it's better than nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I attempted to give a more defined response here at StackExchange, but I haven't learned the ins and outs of not being classified spam. My detailed version is &lt;a href=&quot;http://testvizor.com/ranking-defects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; if you want the nitty-gritty on why it's subjective, why it fails at this task and some suggestions on the alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17107" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T17:37:07.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17426" CreationDate="2016-03-07T22:50:13.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Get used to the thought of separation of concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some good ideas are to: &#xA;&lt;br&gt;have separate projects for separate websites.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;have separate frameworks for separate suites.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;have separation between unit, integration, and user acceptance level tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In NUnit with C# you would create a framework like below and have the tests inherit it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestFixture]&#xA;public class Framework&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    [TestFixtureSetUp]&#xA;    public void BeforeEverything()&#xA;    {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestFixtureTearDown]&#xA;    public void AfterEverything()&#xA;    {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [SetUp]&#xA;    public void BeforeEachTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TearDown]&#xA;    public void AfterEachTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16064" LastActivityDate="2016-03-07T22:50:13.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17400" CreationDate="2016-03-08T00:07:34.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The object must match every identifier that you have added so if any identifiers are wrong, it will fail. Get rid of all identifiers that you do not specify yourself and add them back one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17119" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T00:07:34.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17400" CreationDate="2016-03-08T02:35:49.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Issue here seems to be that you are using you are using the wrong control type. If you want to check/select Radio button then you need to use the RadioButton control type in CodedUI not the Checkbox type, then locate that Radio button with the ID or name or anyother locator and then select the value example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HtmlRadioButton html_radioBtn = new HtmlRadioButton(brw); //brw is the Browser window which contains the Radio Button field or you can use a UITestControl to locate a area to be looked for RadioButton&#xA;html_radioBtn.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlRadioButton.PropertyNames.Id, &quot;locatorID&quot;); //locatorID = ID of the Radio Button control&#xA;html_radioBtn.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlRadioButton.PropertyNames.Value, &quot;valueToBeSelected&quot;); //valueToBeSelected = Value of the Radio Button to be checked e.g. 104677&#xA;html_radioBtn.Selected = true;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, CodedUI has different type for different controls, and if one doesn't use the correct the one, it throws error. This should work for your issue, if not then I will need the Html and the sample code which you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T02:35:49.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17457" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-08T06:45:02.370" Score="2" ViewCount="3719" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to click on one of the hidden values but it is neither fetching nor  it clicking on that value. I am trying for Indian railways berth availability wherein I want the source station value e.g. LUCKNOW ALAMBGH- AMV  to get fetched and should accept that value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What code can I write for accepting the value?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17125" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-03-08T12:07:19.727" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T03:04:58.930" Title="How to click on the hidden values in selenium webdriver using java?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17457" CreationDate="2016-03-08T06:59:44.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't click hidden elements with Selenium.&#xA;However, you can trigger the click through Javascript, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22110282/how-to-click-on-hidden-element-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;as found on SO&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T06:59:44.997" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17460" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-08T08:53:40.540" Score="1" ViewCount="1692" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an doubt regarding how to create a automation report like how we do a Manual report with the help of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. Here is one scenario &amp;quot; Email sign up&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In manual test case, we will cover all the conditions like Empty value, Boundary value analysis, valid, invalid cases and finally we can make a report based upon all the test case like Total cases teste, total failed cases, total passed cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, like above scenario, could any one let me know how to combine or create the Total cases tested, total failed cases, total passed cases after running the automation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17126" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T04:26:58.387" Title="How to make automation report with using of manual test cases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17461" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17498" CreationDate="2016-03-08T09:33:37.083" Score="4" ViewCount="388" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a list of GUI testing tools, and I want to separate the tools that are 'based on screenshots' like Sikuli or Monkeyrunner that others that interact directly with the elements of SUT, like Selenium or Appium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any name for these categories?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4845" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T22:34:41.123" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T22:31:10.300" Title="Is there a name for automated tools that work from screenshots like Sikuli or Monkeyrunner with tools like Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;image-based-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17171" CreationDate="2016-03-08T10:48:22.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe this will help, looks interesting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.todaysoftmag.com/article/1702/acceptance-testing-driven-development-using-specflow-with-selenium-in-c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.todaysoftmag.com/article/1702/acceptance-testing-driven-development-using-specflow-with-selenium-in-c&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17131" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T10:48:22.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17449" CreationDate="2016-03-08T12:28:59.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without the Reporting Server, your only option to get this information is through the TFS API. This is because TFS does not directly associate test results with test cases: instead there is an implicit linkage through a test run with test points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The short version is that each test case may be associated with one or more test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each test run will have one or more configuration settings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each distinct setting combination (e.g. operating system = Win7, browser = IE11) is a test point. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The test result is associated to the test point (because a test case might pass with OS = Win7 and browser = Firefox, but fail when OS = Win7 and browser = IE11). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you push to get Reporting Server configured and operational, because then you will be able to use the views in the reporting server to pull the information much more easily than trying to get to it programmatically via the API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T12:28:59.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16374" CreationDate="2016-03-08T13:21:55.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would accomplish this with a groovy script, effectivly you would get the request from your project then use that to update your test step&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do it with something along the lines ofthe psudo code below;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Get the value of the project's request &#xA;   def prj = testRunner.testCase.testSuite.project.workspace.getProjectByName(&quot;Project 1&quot;).getProperty(“Request 1”).getValue()&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;//get the test case's request  &#xA;      tCase =  testRunner.testCase.testSteps[&quot;testSteps&quot;].getProperty(“Request 1”).getValue()&#xA;&#xA;tcase = prj &#xA;&#xA;//set the new request to be that of the project&#xA;    tcase.getHttpRequest().setRequestHeaders(headers)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T13:21:55.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17433" CreationDate="2016-03-08T16:44:33.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me start with little background. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The image which you have displayed in your question this is called as the &lt;strong&gt;'Summarizer'&lt;/strong&gt; and it is shown on in the Non-GUI mode of JMeter execution. You can configure this (like its interval etc.) from the &lt;strong&gt;JMeter.properties&lt;/strong&gt; file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this view, The lines with &lt;strong&gt;“summary +”&lt;/strong&gt; are incremental for the latest summarizer period, the lines with “summary =” are cumulative. (courtesy to links &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/top-2-techniques-get-jmeter-test-results-non-gui-mode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link1&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.amd.com/community/blog/2009/03/31/using-apache-jmeter-in-non-gui-mode/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link2&lt;/a&gt;) i.e. if your Summarizer interval is 5 secs then this summary is shown after every 5 secs and &quot;Summary +&quot; will show the incremental value from the last summary (i.e. the summary value 5 secs ago + current values).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, you must have seen that these values &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Active, Started, Finished&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; are shown only with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Summary +&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, coming back to your question, first of all you don't need to do anything with this summarizer view, as this is only for command line and your actual results are saved in the &lt;strong&gt;.jtl&lt;/strong&gt; file you are creating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still to begin with the explanation, the number just next to &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Summary +&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; is the number of request which will be used for your &lt;strong&gt;Throughput&lt;/strong&gt; (like from your image &lt;code&gt;(900/9.5 = 97 requests/sec),&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avg&lt;/strong&gt;: is the Average response time value at that time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Min&lt;/strong&gt;: is the Minimum value of response time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Max&lt;/strong&gt;: is the Maximum value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Err&lt;/strong&gt;: is the Error percentage in your requests (if there is any)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Active&lt;/strong&gt;: is the total number of threads which are currently active, i.e. they may be doing some work over the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Started&lt;/strong&gt;: is the total number of threads Started by JMeter till that Summarizer time (usually what I have seen is that &lt;em&gt;Started &gt;= Active&lt;/em&gt;, as a thread which has not got started how it can be active (normal thread group case) &lt;em&gt;&quot;but not sure about Master Slave/Distributed load&quot;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finished&lt;/strong&gt;: is the total number of threads which have exited the script, or their work has got completed (so, for a normal thread group configuration ideally; &lt;em&gt;Active + Finished = Started&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;:- Lets say &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Thread Group count&lt;/strong&gt; = 30&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Ramp-up&lt;/strong&gt; = 30&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Loop Count&lt;/strong&gt; = 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this is executed (with summarizer interval as 3 secs), then after every 3 secs you will get &quot;Summarizer +&quot; entry over command prompt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;00: Active: 3, Started: = 3, Finished = 0&#xA;&#xA;03: Active: 4, Started: = 6, Finished = 2&#xA;&#xA;06: Active: 2, Started: = 9, Finished = 7&#xA;&#xA;..... so on till&#xA;&#xA;xx: Active: 0, Started: = 30, Finished = 30&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multiple factors may affect this behavior like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This all was a scenario from a normal thread group, for Stepping, Tear Up etc. thread group (it should be same, but I am not sure)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Master Slave Configuration/ Distributed Load (there may be multiple slaves, sharing the thread count, but any slave might have unfinished threads affecting count)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T16:44:33.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17434" CreationDate="2016-03-08T16:58:04.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Transaction Response Time to populate, you will need to create Transactions. Once you have your &lt;strong&gt;.webtest&lt;/strong&gt; (let say after recording it via VSTS 2013), then in the webtest file you will need to group requests under transactions and after that when you run your test, you will get Transaction Response Time, Transaction Failed and all other counters related to Transaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right click any request from the webtest and select 'Insert Transaction', then select a starting and a ending request for the Transaction you want to create.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7oJwV.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7oJwV.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HQQhy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HQQhy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T16:58:04.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20798" CreationDate="2016-03-08T17:13:37.007" Score="4" ViewCount="363" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using Appium for automation in Android, I always was surprised for the resigning of the apk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This signing only has caused problems to me, and I cannot see any advantage of this 'feature'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When there were problems, I simply add the nosign configuration, and all worked correctly, and never see any side effect doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is there any benefit of this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4845" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T09:13:05.603" Title="Why does Appium sign the .apk? Is there any benefit?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17472" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17496" CreationDate="2016-03-08T19:08:50.900" Score="2" ViewCount="8534" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am verifying text using these Xpaths, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    $I-&amp;gt;CanSeeElement(&quot;//tbody[contains(tr/td/div/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/text(),$this-&amp;gt;Secondarycustomer)]&quot;);&#xA;    $I-&amp;gt;CanSeeElement(&quot;//tbody[contains(tr/td/div/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/text(),$this-&amp;gt;custfileruleid2)]&quot;);&#xA;    $I-&amp;gt;CanSeeElement(&quot;//tbody[contains(tr/td/div/table/tbody/tr/td[3]/text(),$this-&amp;gt;RuleName2)]&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I update my db these rows above are no longer there and I want to verify that is true. I have tried using my framework to NOT see those xpaths but it breaks, I notice they don't exist anymore and I am left with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td width=&quot;49%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table class=&quot;scollable dashboard&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;div class=&quot;scrollArea&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17139" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T06:22:05.050" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T06:22:05.050" Title="How to verify no /tr /td rows exist in a table?" Tags="&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;codeception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17472" CreationDate="2016-03-08T20:16:53.427" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Java Webdriver API has two methods for locating elements: &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; returns a single element matching the specified criteria (and otherwise throws an exception).  &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; returns a list of matching elements, or otherwise an empty list.  With the Java API, you would solve the problem by calling &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; and then verifying that the matching count is zero.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you could do the same thing with the API you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-03-08T20:16:53.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17475" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-08T22:13:34.640" Score="2" ViewCount="7453" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I am trying to do is select multiple options from this example site while holding CTRL &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/forms/_SELECT_MULTIPLE.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/forms/_SELECT_MULTIPLE.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The multiple selection values would come from excel though, means if the excel rows has values as mushroom, onions and olives each on different rows (within same column) it will select only those values one by one within the page. The Excel file looks like this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GYKjw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GYKjw.png&quot; alt=&quot;Excel File&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is the code I got so far upto&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package mineP;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Various {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;                File src = new File(&quot;C:\\Users\\Documents\\myP2.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;                // Load file&#xA;                FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(src);&#xA;&#xA;                // Load WB&#xA;                XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);&#xA;&#xA;                // Load Sheet&#xA;&#xA;                XSSFSheet sh1 = wb.getSheetAt(0);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        String chromePath = &quot;C:\\Users\\chromedriver.exe&quot;;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, chromePath);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/forms/_SELECT_MULTIPLE.html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement sel = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@name='toppings']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; alloptions = sel.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@name='toppings']//option&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        for (WebElement option: alloptions) {&#xA;&#xA;            String optTxt = option.getText();&#xA;&#xA;            //System.out.println(optTxt);&#xA;&#xA;            if (optTxt.contains(sh1.getRow(3).getCell(1).getStringCellValue())){&#xA;&#xA;                option.click();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What i am trying to do is as long as there is a value in excel it will loop through excel and the options within the website and keep on selecting all the options using CTRL whose text values are located in excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16987" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T14:27:05.620" LastActivityDate="2018-08-05T06:01:09.827" Title="How to press CONTROL key &amp; Select multiple values from Excel" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15214" CreationDate="2016-03-09T00:34:14.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Protractor in Webstorm, but I imagine this would work for you as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Webstorm has a built in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/webstorm/help/debugging-javascript.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;debug tool&lt;/a&gt; that is pretty easy to work with. Just next to the line numbers in the IDE, click the empty space next to the number to put a red circle on that line. That's the debugger's breakpoint. Run as debugging to have it break there and you can use the debug menu to look around at the code at that point in the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, look into configuring stacktraces to suit your needs. There tends to be an npm module for everything. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/djungowski/cucumber-assert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here's one that does no stacktrace, just the error message&lt;/a&gt;. For Protractor with Jasmine, I use jasmine-spec-reporter and just show the stacktrace in the failures summary, but it doesn't look like cucumberJS uses Jasmine (from my light Googling).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11987" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T00:34:14.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17319" CreationDate="2016-03-09T00:51:38.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another angle I don't see in previous answers is that it depends on where you want to work as well. All the career paths above are great if you have an opportunity to work in them. In my company, there are &lt;strong&gt;test engineers&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;quality analysts&lt;/strong&gt;. The original basis for splitting them off a year ago was that engineers would be more coding and analysts would be more manual. Though even the quality analysts are fully expected to automate if they want to further their career here, they just aren't expected to automate as much as the engineers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have idly looked around at job openings and it seems like the trend in this city is that automation means having an easier time to find work. Perhaps your area has a better career outlook for manual testers, but only your own research could find that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, one way I've seen the analysts bulk up their skillsets is by becoming subject matter experts in certain niches. Like you mentioned database server validation checking... I would be horrible at that, and I'm one of my companies automators. Backend validation is foreign to me, as is hardware testing, and I know analysts that are excelling in those spaces. No one will complain about a lack of automation when you can prove you are an asset in other areas of QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11987" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T00:51:38.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3499" CreationDate="2016-03-09T01:08:06.060" Score="4" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# function to handle dynamic page content loading - using Selenium&#xA;def fb_scroll():&#xA;    # define initial page height for 'while' loop&#xA;    last_height = driver.execute_script(&quot;return document.body.scrollHeight&quot;)&#xA;    while True:&#xA;        driver.execute_script(&quot;window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);&quot;)&#xA;        new_height = driver.execute_script(&quot;return document.body.scrollHeight&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        if new_height == last_height:&#xA;            break&#xA;        else:&#xA;            last_height = new_height&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's what you need using python and selenium web driver. Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17141" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T01:08:06.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14837" CreationDate="2016-03-09T06:53:58.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement e=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;enter xpath which element is in end of the div&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Coordinates cor=((Locatable)e).getCoordinates();&#xA;&#xA;cor.inViewPort();&#xA;&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17146" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T10:07:37.243" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T10:07:37.243" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17548" CreationDate="2016-03-09T08:11:59.147" Score="0" ViewCount="1267" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testlink.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test link&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; Selenium webdriver for automation, we are updating the results of execution to Testlink once the execution completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would like to retrieve the Test cases from Test links which are flagged as &quot;Automated&quot; so that we can manage the coverage of both Manual &amp;amp; Automation vs features and also select the Test cases for execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not find any method which can get me the list of test cases in Test Link API. It would be very helpful if anyone can help me on this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9470" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T10:10:50.417" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T19:21:12.780" Title="How to retrieve automated Test case names from Testlink" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14837" CreationDate="2016-03-09T10:19:40.273" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some HTML page have internal (custom) scroll bar. We have to handle with little bit different way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Javascript is not working here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement scrollArea = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.slimScrollBar&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create method &lt;strong&gt;scroll_Page&lt;/strong&gt; as given below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call this method as &lt;code&gt;scroll_Page(scrollArea ,100);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;strong&gt;scrollArea&lt;/strong&gt; is your dragged(scroll) element and &lt;strong&gt;100&lt;/strong&gt; is scroll points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static boolean scroll_Page(WebElement webelement, int scrollPoints)&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {               &#xA;        Actions dragger = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        // drag downwards&#xA;        int numberOfPixelsToDragTheScrollbarDown = 10;&#xA;        for (int i = 10; i &amp;lt; scrollPoints; i = i + numberOfPixelsToDragTheScrollbarDown)&#xA;        {&#xA;            dragger.moveToElement(webelement).clickAndHold().moveByOffset(0, numberOfPixelsToDragTheScrollbarDown).release(webelement).build().perform();&#xA;        }&#xA;        Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T10:19:40.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17475" CreationDate="2016-03-09T10:56:49.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following is the code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        Actions ac = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        ac.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL);&#xA;        for (Row r : sheet) {&#xA;&#xA;            Cell c = r.getCell(1);&#xA;            String execelValue = c.getStringCellValue();&#xA;            if (!execelValue.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;Selection&quot;)) {&#xA;&#xA;                element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//option[@value='&quot; + execelValue + &quot;']&quot;));&#xA;                element.click();&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        ac.keyUp(Keys.CONTROL);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code will take value from excel, and based on that it will select the option from the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T10:14:24.653" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T10:14:24.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17460" CreationDate="2016-03-09T11:06:14.957" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use TestNG report if you're writing your automation scripts in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are few screenshot of TestNG reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ek0h3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ek0h3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EpWaZ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EpWaZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are few tutorial links for TestNG&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/testng-tutorials&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://javabeginnerstutorial.com/uncategorized/testng-tutorial-beginners/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T11:06:14.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17487" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17655" CreationDate="2016-03-09T11:14:43.387" Score="9" ViewCount="9020" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in charge of implementing QA processes and test automation for a project using microservices architecture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Project has one public api that makes some data available. So I will automate API tests. Tests will live in one repository. This part is clear to me, I did this before in other monolith projects. I had one repo for API tests. And possibly another repo for selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then here the whole poduct consists of many microservices that communicate via restful apis and/or rabbit queues. How would I go about automating tests for each of these individual servicess? Would tests for each individual service be in a separate repo? Note: services are written in Java or PHP. I will automate tests with Python. It seems to me that I will end up with a lot of repos for tests/stubs/mocks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What suggestions or good resources can community offer? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional info:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Product is being developed by one team of 6-7 devs and 1 qa (me). We are planning to implement CI and CD also. On pull request components should be deployed to a test env and my tests executed there. Then if successful components will be deployed to staging env and some smaller set of [smoke] tests might be executed. In a case of a successful deployment to stag env and successful smoke test execution components might be deployed to production. All this done by CI/CD tools and tests that Im about to write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17152" LastEditorUserId="17152" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T15:41:40.230" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T20:02:14.070" Title="Test automation for microservices architecture" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;rabbitmq&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17487" CreationDate="2016-03-09T11:50:24.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Micro Services is a growing trend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would look at the big picture for guidance on what to test where&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the use the 4 quadrants approach, they are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit Testing.  This will cover basic tests for the api and within each service.  Code that uses other services should mock and stub them out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integrated Testing.  This is where you specifically test services from one app to another.  You'll need to to create test versions of the services that given requests will use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance.  You should look to create a test system that reflects the production system.  This means creating test versions of all the services under test and volume that reflects real usage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing.  This is where you can see if all the services tie together correctly from an actual users perspective.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T11:50:24.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17461" CreationDate="2016-03-09T12:27:58.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a thing called &lt;a href=&quot;http://pdiff.sourceforge.net/metric.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Perceptual diff&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, so I would call it &quot;perceptual&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In order to ensure that code changes do not change the look of previously rendered scenes, the renderer, utilities and shaders are tested by an automated batch process every night. ... A reference frame would be rendered and stored as a canonical image. Then, when any code changes, the new version of the renderer would used to render the scene and the resulting image compared against the canonical. ... This would produce images that are not pixel identical to the canonical but nevertheless correct. The perceptual metric allows us to make such code changes without breaking the automated testing process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5746" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T16:19:39.420" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T16:19:39.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17490" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-09T13:06:13.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A software bug is an error, flaw, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;failure&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_(technology)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;fault&lt;/a&gt; in a computer program or system that causes it to produce an incorrect or unexpected result, or to behave in unintended ways. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most bugs arise from mistakes and errors made by people in either a program's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_code&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source code&lt;/a&gt; or its &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_architecture&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;design&lt;/a&gt;, or in frameworks and operating systems used by such programs, and a few are caused by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;compilers&lt;/a&gt; producing incorrect code. A program that contains a large number of bugs, and/or bugs that seriously interfere with its functionality, is said to be &lt;em&gt;buggy&lt;/em&gt; or defective. Reports detailing bugs in a program are commonly known as bug reports, defect reports, fault reports, problem reports, trouble reports, change requests and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T13:23:05.923" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T13:23:05.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17491" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-09T13:06:13.950" Score="0" Body="A software bug is an error, flaw, failure or fault in a computer program or system that causes it to produce an incorrect or unexpected result, or to behave in unintended ways" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T13:22:47.270" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T13:22:47.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17487" CreationDate="2016-03-09T14:38:23.330" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What to test and how&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You definitely need to test full flows of the system, to see whether services understand each other, in particular, when one of service responds with error messages. This is a place where I usually find problems. Mocks will definitely help here. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, if you're working with queues, then many there might asynchronous events and time-outs that may come into play. You can try simulating each such scenario individually but performance tests when many concurrent threads are loading one of queues with unexpected number of messages can reveal interesting bugs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Many scenarios are easier to automate at unit testing level, where you do not need to start an HTTP server to host a service or service mock. This is particularly the case for negative scenarios. I usually work closely with developers of such services and every time I find automating a scenario is to expensive at system level, I ask developers to add a test to their unit testing suite.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Martin Fowler identifies &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;multiply levels of testing for microservices&lt;/a&gt;: unit tests, integration tests, contract tests, and end-to-end tests. However, make sure you're really having microservice architecture there. I've seen many microservices ending as distributed monolith, sharing code or even sharing databases. This problem has been described in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/news/2016/02/services-distributed-monolith&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;InfoQ&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to organize your repository&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not only matter of your test strategy but also how you work as a team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are microservices owned by different teams? Is the code for those microservices in the same repo?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who is going to maintain and update those tests? Only you, other testers or also developers of microservices?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually prefer to have tests close to the code they test, so if anyone new comes to the project, she can start automation with one or two code checkouts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will you launch those tests in a development pipeline? Do you want to have one single status whether all tests passing or failing, or you prefer to launch first tests for single services and only if they pass launch end-to-end tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do not need separate repos for each group of tests. Packages enable organizing structure of tests in a way you wish, so it is easy to grasp test coverage looking at your packages names and structure. Then there are test groups that can be used to annotate your tests. They will ease launching separate groups of tests, especially if you want to have separate jobs in your CI server (e.g., Jenkins).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether to have a separate repository for service stubs, mocks and other helping tools is another question. Are you going to use those tools across other testing projects as well? Are other people going to use those tools outside of your project?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually prefer to start small, with one repo, well structured. Creating many repositories from the beginning makes maintenance unnesessary complex. When the repository starts growing, you will need to refactor it from time to time, update the structure. If refactoring is not enough then you can think whether to move some tools or tests to separate repos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-12T15:27:23.927" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T15:27:23.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17494" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17497" CreationDate="2016-03-09T15:10:06.480" Score="1" ViewCount="517" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem with finding web elements in my web application.&#xA;When I use Selenium IDE everything is ok, the element can be found. In Firebug or Chrome developer tools  is ok as well (element is found by xpath).&#xA;But when I use the same xpath expression in FirePath or FireFinder or WebDriver script (java) there are any element found.&#xA;This is html code of example element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;btnWyloguj&quot; class=&quot;Button80&quot; type=&quot;submit&quot; name=&quot;btnWyloguj&quot; value=&quot;Wyloguj&quot; style=&quot;background-color: rgb(212, 208, 200);&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this is my xpath:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;//input[@id='btnWyloguj']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I tried css selectors as well and result is the same.&#xA;Has anyone had similiar problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T16:12:07.640" Title="Firefinder doesn't find element but Firebug or Selenium IDE do" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17487" CreationDate="2016-03-09T15:18:24.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mentioned &quot;rabbit queues&quot;, i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rabbitmq.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RabbitMQ&lt;/a&gt;.  There are a number of ways to configure RabbitMQ involving trade-offs between performance, fault tolerance, and resource requirements.  I suggest that you read the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rabbitmq.com/reliability.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RabbitMQ Reliability Guide&lt;/a&gt;, and then read &lt;a href=&quot;https://aphyr.com/posts/315-jepsen-rabbitmq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aphyr's post on RabbitMQ&lt;/a&gt;, and then think about how that might apply to your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some things to test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if a publisher is unable to publish a message because the RabbitMQ server is too busy or otherwise temporarily unavailable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if the publisher writes messages much faster than the consumer can read them?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if a network partition causes RabbitMQ to go into split-brain mode?  When the partition heals, there may be two master nodes, and one of them will decide to truncate its data, resulting in lost messages.  You can't do anything about RabbitMQ's behavior, but you can try to determine how catastrophic that will be to your system.  If you fail to send some email's, that's one thing; if you fail to deposit money in someone's bank account, that's something else.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T15:18:24.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17472" CreationDate="2016-03-09T15:28:59.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check presence of /td or /tr tag in certain table with XPath. Do remember, that thead can have /td as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the table XPath is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table/tbody&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then XPath of each row is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table/tbody/tr&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and Xpath of any field could be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table/tbody/descendant::td&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, you should not test it for visibility, but for presence in DOM. Visibility functions usually throw an exceptions if there is null (element is not even present). So better check the presence of the object regardless it is visible or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your question it is not clearly visible what API and Language you are using. Probably PHP, but I'm not an expert in this field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T15:28:59.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17494" CreationDate="2016-03-09T16:12:07.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the solution myself. &#xA;As it turns out, elements I wanted to find was inside iframe tags. Iframe is like second inner document, but xpath can work only on 1 document. I used &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&quot;frameId&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; command and my webdriver script is working now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T16:12:07.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17461" CreationDate="2016-03-09T21:34:28.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there is an official terminology name for this. Suppliers seem to use the term &lt;strong&gt;Image based testing&lt;/strong&gt; as here on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vncrobot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VNC Robot site&lt;/a&gt;. Also note SQA.SE already has a tag for image-based-testing, making it the most obvious choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after searching for a while I think I would stick with &lt;strong&gt;Image-based Recognition Testing&lt;/strong&gt;, because its a bit more descriptive and people without testing knowledge might also instantly understand what it is about. As used in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testandtry.com/2010/02/01/5-great-automation-tools-based-on-image-recognition/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; by Marcin Zręda in 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google search results, take your pick:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Image based testing&lt;/strong&gt;: About 15.800 results &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Image Recognition Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: About 1.320 results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Perceptual diff&lt;/strong&gt;: About 982 results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Image-based Recognition Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: About 2 results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T21:34:28.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17461" CreationDate="2016-03-09T22:42:32.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure about any specialized name.  I would use something like screenshot comparison tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example of a product that does this is GhostInspector.  A commercial product (with a low use free version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does automated UI testing and does screen shots for comparison in addition to the actual asserts you build for the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've created a basic failed example for you using google.&#xA;You can see the red difference in the &quot;FAILED&quot; screenshot comparison.&#xA;I am a former seleniumIDE users and I now use this product.&#xA;You build test cases and suites in the browser using their web based tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UvDow.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UvDow.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-09T22:49:35.170" LastActivityDate="2016-03-09T22:49:35.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16706" CreationDate="2016-03-10T03:42:15.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what is done with the information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if the bugs are reviewed once a week, saying during Agile sprint review and the tester isn't present, it can be useful information in determining its priority relative to other bugs and tickets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an Agile environment you should minimize the documentation in favor of conversations.  For this reason I like the testers and developers to all be in sprint review.  It's also very empowering to them and gets them much more involved generally.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When done, my recommendation is to make it brief and describe the business impact. For example &quot;unable to complete reservation&quot;, &quot;unable to see q&amp;amp;a section&quot;, etc.  I would not expect the tester to be confident in knowing the modules affected without the rest of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T03:42:15.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17504" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-10T07:04:32.440" Score="2" ViewCount="2580" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please provide some real-world examples of performing a scenario test on a web application, desktop software, mobile app or anything. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is a scenario test different from other types of test approaches?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17168" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T06:19:12.297" LastActivityDate="2020-09-22T16:38:23.083" Title="What are some real world examples of Scenario testing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17505" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-10T07:10:51.213" Score="0" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am starting learning in performance testing and tried to search about free open websites to perform performance in it. Can any one give me URLs for websites like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8468" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T14:09:52.903" Title="Websites to perform performance testing" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-03-10T18:17:20.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17506" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-10T07:59:33.200" Score="5" ViewCount="581" Body="&lt;p&gt;ISO 2500 SQ quality definition goes as follows and I really do not understand the note with regards to ISO 9000:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;capability of software product to satisfy stated and implied needs&#xA;  when used under specified conditions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note 1 to entry: This definition differs from the ISO 9000:2005&#xA;  quality definition mainly because the software quality definition&#xA;  refers to the satisfaction of stated and implied needs, &lt;em&gt;while the ISO&#xA;  9000 quality definition refers to the satisfaction of requirements.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not get it, because &lt;strong&gt;requirement itself is (in the same standard) defined as stated, generally implied or obligatory need or expectation&lt;/strong&gt;. Therefore, if requirement is a need that might be implied, isnt both definitions the same? ISO 9000 reads the same except that instead of &lt;em&gt;needs&lt;/em&gt; it reads &lt;em&gt;requirements&lt;/em&gt;. But again, if requirements subsume needs (as stated in their definition), how these are different? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I believe I got it - the main difference is that requirements are already translated needs that might have been misunderstood or captured incorrectly, while needs are in general abstract &quot;wants&quot; that users can assess while using the software. So physical products basically conform to certain set of requirements while software validation is more about perception and actual fitness for purpose from the user needs perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15065" LastEditorUserId="15065" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T16:00:49.040" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T14:34:50.313" Title="How can ISO 9000 and ISO 25000 Quality definition differ - parts included" Tags="&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;&lt;iso-9000&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17507" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-10T08:40:55.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quality assessment is the process of evaluation of the software products quality, measuring of system defectiveness (not preventing defects).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; if you mean providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled, way of preventing defects, use &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/quality-assurance&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;quality-assurance&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;quality-assurance&lt;/a&gt; tag&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T13:27:25.807" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T13:27:25.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17508" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-10T08:40:55.300" Score="0" Body="Quality assessment is the process of evaluation of the software products quality, measuring of system defectiveness (not preventing defects).&#xD;&#xA;Note: if you mean providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled, way of preventing defects, use &quot;quality-assurance&quot; tag" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T13:27:22.383" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T13:27:22.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17505" CreationDate="2016-03-10T12:39:18.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Public websites do not want you to run your performance test against them. In fact, there is a name for that situation: it's called an &lt;strong&gt;attack&lt;/strong&gt;, and you could get into legal trouble for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to run a performance test, set up your own website.  (For your purposes, you can probably run the web server on the same machine as your test code.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T14:09:52.903" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T14:09:52.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17504" CreationDate="2016-03-10T12:46:10.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd start by looking at the answers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17171/what-is-scenario-testing-and-how-to-create-complex-test-scenarios?rq=1&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;. Chris Kenst gives an excellent definition of a scenario test and how it differs from test cases, acceptance tests, and so forth. My answer is a thumbnail of how I generate scenarios using a not-quite-real-world example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performing a scenario test is the same as performing any other test: you set up the required prerequisites, perform whatever test steps you need, and evaluate the results of your actions. It's difficult to get more specific because of the scope involved: relevant scenarios will depend on your application(s) and user base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example: Let's say your application is a social game, something like Temple Run, with a paid no-ads version in addition to the free version with advertising. Your user base will fall into some broad groupings, with overlaps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Novice users - will typically have very low scores per game, react slowly to changes in the game environment, have unlocked few if any of the powerups unless they paid to unlock items.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intermediate users - typically score medium to high scores per game, have unlocked most or all powerups and have accumulated some extra items that they can use to unlock items in-game.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Power users - typically score highly in most games, have unlocked everything and have accumulated so much of the in-game currency they can unlock anything new without having to use real money.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All three skill levels overlap with paid and unpaid user profiles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A scenario test for this situation will take a user &lt;em&gt;persona&lt;/em&gt; and a gameplay style and work with them - if, similar to Temple Run 2, your game has daily reward challenges that include things like running a specified distance without collecting any coins, you treat these challenges as a scenario &lt;em&gt;goal&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. the thing you're testing) and your testing aims to cover the ways to achieve that scenario goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for instance, a test scenario here might involve multiple test cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The challenge can only be achieved on the &lt;em&gt;first&lt;/em&gt; distance &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; (i.e. the player must run, say, the first 2000 meters of the game without collecting any coins or powerups). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the challenge has been achieved, the player may collect any number of coins and powerups without &quot;losing&quot; the achievement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The play may (or may not, depending on game rules) die and purchase resurrection without impacting the achievement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The scenario itself might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An intermediate level player with a paid version of the game attempting to achieve a challenge of running the first 2000 meters in game without collecting any coins or powerups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm not going to touch the feasibility of &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt; testing out this scenario - someone who's become an advanced player of a game is going to have a hard time simulating a novice player's reaction time because that's a parasympathetic nervous system thing. But it's an easily understood example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T12:46:10.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17241" CreationDate="2016-03-10T13:39:52.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should not be up to QA on if the release is postponed it should be up to the client / product owner. So providing them with enough information so that they can make this decision is very important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things that you may want to consider highlighting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What the bug is and how they can replicate it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the bug present in previous releases which are already live?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimates on how long it can take to fix and re-schedule the release, can also be a factor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What impact the issue has on the live site. e.g. I something just out of place in a certain browser or does it stop a user from buying something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is or can be done to try and catch this type of issue earlier next time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, its best to be honest and not cover anything up and if there is an issue, highlight it sooner rather than later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T13:39:52.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17539" CreationDate="2016-03-10T16:30:00.823" Score="0" ViewCount="4024" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run HTTP request using JMeter with parameters inside .csv file and it is working as expected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As i am using 8 different request, with different inputs, header would be really helpful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that i don't know how to make Jmeter to skip first row while &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T13:05:53.913" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:05:53.913" Title="Jmeter CSV Data Set Config to skip first row" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17518" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-10T16:33:58.960" Score="0" ViewCount="3203" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Fire bug in firefox browser to identify a unique id in the web pages using the Xpath feature. &#xA;Sometimes the Xpaths are not unique, ie: the xpath id is dynamic and keeps changing as the result my script fails. Can anyone let me know how to customize the Xpath so that I can still use it to uniquely identify an object?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17177" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-10T22:48:05.087" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T22:48:05.087" Title="How to handle selectors that have ID's that keep changing?" Tags="&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-03-18T08:32:44.017" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17518" CreationDate="2016-03-10T16:51:35.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;CSS selectors wont work? Also, please put snipplet of the code you're trying to manipulate or elements you're trying to access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4921" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T16:51:35.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17521" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-10T16:58:40.177" Score="14" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Meta: this is probably not a question for which there is a single, objective, best answer, but I'm going to ask it here anyway because it's applicable to our jobs and non-obvious.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I spent three months last year performance-testing a system.  I thought of the process as a series of experiments of the form, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Configure the system like this, using that version of the code, and run the test using these variables.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;  I kept notes on each experiment, e.g. the date &amp;amp; time, software version, inputs, resulting graphs.  My notes were in a Google Doc that I shared with my co-workers.  After the project was over, one of my co-workers complained that it was often hard to determine which experiments I had performed.  In retrospect, I could have spent more time editing my notes to make them clearer.  That I didn't wasn't just a matter of laziness.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what I mean.  In a scientific investigation, where you formulate a hypotheses and decide on how to evaluate your data &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; you run your experiments, it is easy to imagine recording all your experiments in a tabular form, e.g. a row for each experiment, a column for each variable, and a column for each measurement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing, and other kinds of software testing, is more of a discovery process than a scientific investigation.  You make mistakes, encounter dead ends, and discover variables that you did not anticipate in the beginning.  In a sense, the discovery process looks more like a directed graph than a table.  The linear flow of a table hides the hierarchical nature of the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here's the question.  &lt;strong&gt;What is an effective way to document the chronology of a discovery process?  Are there tools you have used to simplify producing the documentation?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T15:03:19.747" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T20:14:59.637" Title="visualizing the chronology of a discovery process" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17518" CreationDate="2016-03-10T17:12:18.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you just found out, Xpath is ill suited for locating elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best practices recommend to use IDs or names. If you cannot, CSS selectors, or get list of elements by tag id and then filter the returned list by other criteria. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to avoid the Xpath like a plague. It only (and barely) makes sense if it is static, which in your case is not true. Also, Xpath is slowest way to locate elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T17:12:18.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15344" CreationDate="2016-03-10T19:41:49.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that stability - which I'm reading as longevity - can work both ways.  Although more knowledgeable team members who have learned the domain are valuable... there is also the chance that they get set in their ways and don't look for new problems and new solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would focus on things that both help address turnover of knowledge and information and in promoting best practices for all to follow so that at end end on the day the focus is still on  quality itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can require detailed, hands-on management to promote such practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd look to the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;document everything but don't write books about it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mentor and inspire junior members&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create and maintain great on-boarding documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;meet regularly with team members to encourage involvement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pay well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;provide a space for and listen to feedback&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use tools to track work, features, bugs and tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stay educated with course and conferences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T19:41:49.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13270" CreationDate="2016-03-10T19:53:08.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the calendar object you're using allows text input, even if it doesn't allow you to directly check the text of the input, you may still be able to select the text and copy it to the clipboard, then retrieve it there. Here is an example of something I've done in my own code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement datePicker = Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ReminderDatePicker&quot;));&#xA;datePicker.SendKeys(Keys.Control + &quot;a&quot;);&#xA;datePicker.SendKeys(Keys.Control + &quot;c&quot;);&#xA;string date = System.Windows.Clipboard.GetText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest catch to it is that you are modifying the contents of the system clipboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17183" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T19:53:08.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17525" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17561" CreationDate="2016-03-10T20:43:59.597" Score="0" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to be able to record advertisement load times for pretty much any website a client asks me to, on various browsers &lt;strong&gt;(Chrome, Firefox, IE, Edge, Safari)&lt;/strong&gt;, desktop browsers specifically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I've used the Developer tools in chrome before to monitor network performance and output to a HAR file.  I also have used several online tools/extensions to parse and view the HAR file data more easily.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How can I &lt;em&gt;specifically filter out Ads from the rest of the data&lt;/em&gt;, and separate that data to present to a client?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are there any cross browser tools that work just as well/better than&#xA;Chrome/FF Dev tools to make data collection and presentation more&#xA;efficient and consistent?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If there are no cross-browser tools that address all the needed browsers, which tools do I need to perform the same tasks on the various browsers?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Chrome - ?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Firefox - ?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Internet Explorer - ?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Safari - ?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16796" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T00:28:39.183" Title="How to Record &amp; Filter Load Times for Web Ads in Different Browsers?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17518" CreationDate="2016-03-10T21:46:17.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For more stability of the scripts I can recommend to use following hacks to your XPath identifiers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use unique id's or names, try to make agreement with developers NOT to change id overtime:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table[@id=&quot;example&quot;]&#xA;//input[@name=&quot;example&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use another parameter which is unique:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@myid=&quot;example&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use classname:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[class=&quot;classname&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use XPath &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; function. Especially &lt;code&gt;contains()&lt;/code&gt; can make scripts stable as developers often change prefix and suffix of the html parameter, but the core remains the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[contains(@class,&quot;part-of-the-classname&quot;)]&#xA;//div[contains(@ng-model,&quot;corename&quot;)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use XPath logic functions (and, or, not)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class=&quot;classname&quot; and contains(@model,&quot;corename&quot;)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use identification according to the text content of the tag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class=&quot;contentclassname&quot; and contains(text(),&quot;ContentText&quot;)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use XPath &quot;OR&quot; if there is possibility that more than one type of the object fulfill the need:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table[@id=&quot;resultTable&quot;] | //div[@class=&quot;noResultWarning&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use XPath axes (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xpath_axes.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xpath_axes.asp&lt;/a&gt;) as descendant, following-sibling, preceding-sibling, parent. Make use of fixed elements and take the path from that element with help of axes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table[@id=&quot;resultTable&quot;]/descendant::tr[@class=&quot;table-row&quot;][1]&#xA;//table[@id=&quot;resultTable&quot;]/descendant::tr[@class=&quot;table-row&quot;][2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy XPathing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T21:46:17.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17461" CreationDate="2016-03-10T22:31:10.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that will be Visual GUI Testing (VGT). I have read some papers and publications that use that term for tools like SikuliX as you see in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-center.se/digitalAssets/1532/1532489_alegroth_volvo_2015-04-8_sv.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10664-013-9293-5#/page-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17186" LastActivityDate="2016-03-10T22:31:10.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8057" CreationDate="2016-03-11T00:00:24.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;So should there even be a QA engineer in Agile?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitely.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Referring to the four quadrants of Agile testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a4Heh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a4Heh.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(c) Lisa Crispin 2009&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thats a &lt;em&gt;lot&lt;/em&gt; for developers to think about!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Developers will (hopefully) be passionate about testing, about Test Driven Development, Behavior Driven Development, etc. However this may only cover Q1 unit tests.  Sharing the full picture can be very helpful.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;QA engineers should be knowledgeable in all the testing quadrants and be able to perform automated and manual testing in them and to evangelize best practices for others.&#xA;QA engineers should also be knowledgeable about best practices such as doing (simple) test plans ahead of development and not making QA a 'check-off' function.&#xA;You can start b y calling it QE (Quality Engineering) instead of QA.&#xA;More from Lisa and Janet at &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&lt;/a&gt; including links to their awesome book &quot;Agile Testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess I haven't avoided the word testing ;) but hopefully there's some useful info all the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T00:05:43.363" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T00:05:43.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17532" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-11T05:15:21.440" Score="6" ViewCount="910" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a test engineer with about 7 years of work experience. I am not an computer science / engineering graduate. I have done a post graduate conversion course that included a good mix of software engineering and management subjects.And my experience so far has been in both manual and automation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Through my years of experience I have acquired good knowledge and practices around the testing paradigm - its methodologies, and have been able to successfully complete projects with a good testing approach, scope and the likes. In terms of automation, I can develop test cases easily, but not really develop frameworks. I find myself a little lagging behind in automation in this regard. Though I can grasp and comprehend practices and approaches used in automation, I am not necessarily an automation expert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The situation I am in is - that to me, it looks like automation is valued more in teams these days. And since I am aware I am not proficient in it, at least not as much as I'd like to be, I feel I might not be able to grow in the QA hierarchy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though I believe automation is a tool among many other things that make up the QA paradigm, I think manual testing is grossly under-rated. So, my questions are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it a correct inference in today's software world, that in order to grow in the QA organization, one must champion automation skills? (in any 1 language that is. I know. I am not talking about knowing how to code. I am talking about knowing how to build frameworks hands-on) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do I market, my capabilities in a way that does not show my lack of automation expertise in a bad way, but I am able to convince my peers and manager that I still have what it needs to climb the rungs of QA ladder? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do I leverage my QA skills so that I do not fall behind my peers who have the automation expertise advantage?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What &lt;em&gt;other&lt;/em&gt; skills should I be proficient at, in order for me to be considered promotional material?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: It is not that I am not trying to strengthen my automation skills, I am. But do I need to?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMPORTANT: I want to let the readers know that I am a believer in automation. The question is not about whether one should automate or not. The question is that skill needed at expertise level to get up the rungs of the corporate ladder in QA vertical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17189" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T19:04:13.663" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T06:23:21.717" Title="Importance of test automation experience to advancing in QA departments" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17533" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-11T05:50:18.707" Score="3" ViewCount="6756" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Test Automation, when we execute the TestNg Suite XML then whenever any test case fails the Jenkins Build also fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I require that the TestNG report shows the proper result, either Pass or Fail, and at same time the jenkins build should show success because all test case executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that TestNG throws either a hard or soft Assertion on any test case failure.  And I guess due to that exception the whole jenkins build also fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17190" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-12T17:53:11.603" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T22:43:42.487" Title="The jenkins build fails when any testng test case fails. How to make it so that the build succeeds when all test-cases are run regardless of result?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-18T08:29:37.690" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17534" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-11T05:56:38.210" Score="1" ViewCount="5920" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 120 test cases and I execute all these test cases through a pom.xml (maven) file in jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if I want to execute just one of these 120 test cases, how can I do that?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is there any way to give the inputs to jenkins while in run-time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone has an idea on how to do that please share.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-12T11:57:53.510" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T10:07:31.860" Title="How to run a specific test case from a suite in jenkins" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-11T07:22:50.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Under growing 'vertically', I understand going to test lead and test manager positions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, a test lead or test manager is usually &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; going to automate. A test automation/tooling expert can be very valuable as a senior employee (just like an experienced manual tester) but they are still working 'hands-on' (executing, not managing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good test lead knows what it's like to automate, how much time it might realistically take to set up a framework or to code new tests, and what are the benefits and risks (maintenance effort, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you're constructing yourself as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-shaped_skills&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;T-Profile&lt;/a&gt; you need technical testing as part of your broad skillset, but your in-depth knowledge should probably focus on the conceptual side of testing and management skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T07:22:50.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-11T10:39:03.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Marcus_Bach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;James Bach&lt;/a&gt; testing has 3 roles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Lead/ Test manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Responsible Tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supportive Tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its the &lt;strong&gt;Responsible tester&lt;/strong&gt; who develops automation frameworks and design testcases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Supportive Tester&lt;/strong&gt; writes/helps in test case development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation is just one form of testing called 'Checking' (which verifies output). There are other forms of testing/test activities where &lt;strong&gt;Test Lead/Test Manager&lt;/strong&gt; plays his role:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cultivate and support responsible testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reporting to clients/management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developing Mind maps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defining test strategy &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team building&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But of-course, Technical skills helps a Test Lead/Test Manager to perform his activities more relevantly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/rst.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rapid software Testing.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16614" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T10:39:03.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-11T11:39:38.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Do I need to to strengthen my automation skills to advance?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience is yes.  I was a developer for 20 years before moving to QA.  I like manual testing as well as automated testing.  I have also, like yourself, noticed that there is a huge emphasis on the automated part.  Part of the problem is that manual testing is often assigned to junior or unskilled members.  It is often done poorly in such cases as they lack domain experience, a factor that is frequently over-looked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found that it works best to accept this, practice the required skills and write some automation.  However, don't stop doing the other stuff.  You still need to do manual testing, talk with the Product Owner, push Integrated testing as well as Unit testing.  You still need to promote performance and scalability.  You still need to promote usability.  promote security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation, think carefully about how to add automation with meaningful tests that actually fail usefully.  It is easy to write a lot of automation that doesn't fail but takes a long time to run.  It is also easy (as in hard to avoid) to write UI automation that fails intermittently.  This is very common in UI automation and as a QA developer looking to advance you can promote best practices and techniques that help to avoid this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Become a champion at the many aspects to Quality Engineering and make automated testing just one aspect of the puzzle that you are helping solve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of those other aspects include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;knowledge about usability issues and approaches to address them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;knowledge about standards such as W3C, section 508, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;passion for representing the user experience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;persistence in raising UI issues until addressed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;social skills in discussing bugs which may feel like criticism to developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;continually learning more and newer domain knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;continually representing the customers points of view&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing performance under real world conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;putting on lunch and learns to teach others about usability, automation, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;learning the language and frameworks that devs are using so you can converse with them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;command line proficiency and vim proficiency may impress some managers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;learn about security, the risks and threats and approaches to address them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-14T19:06:42.533" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T19:06:42.533" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17517" CreationDate="2016-03-11T13:05:38.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Versions of JMeter after 2.3.4 support CSV files which have a header line defining the column names. To enable this, leave the &quot;Variable Names&quot; field empty. The correct delimiter must be provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T13:05:38.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9635" CreationDate="2016-03-11T14:47:25.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends on the type of checks you want to perform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is about &lt;strong&gt;checking each file individually&lt;/strong&gt;, then for each format of the file you will find a corresponding query language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XML file can be queried with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XQuery&lt;/a&gt; expressions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV files are tabular data so they can be queried with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SQL&lt;/a&gt; without parsing them into RDB, e.g., with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/koppen/csv_query&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;csvq&lt;/a&gt; command line tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pipe delimited files are actually tabular data, so they can be queried same way as CSV files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each programming language provides tons of query engines implementations for those query languagies. The advantage over implementing custom parsers is that you can focus in the queries instead of low-level technical details. Query engines vary in a way they execute queries: some are working on data loaded fully into memory or persisent database, other working on streams. The choice will be a trade-off between the size of files they can process, time to load/index data and query execution time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to &lt;strong&gt;correlate data from different files&lt;/strong&gt; of different formats, i.e., perform query joins over two files (e.g. check if same data appear in both), then mapping both formats and schemata to the common model is a good option. For instance, definining SQL schema and parsing both CSV and XML files into this model. It might be hard to correlate data on the fly (i.e., using stream parsers), if you know that data in one file and matching data in another are living in different places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T15:10:45.127" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T15:10:45.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-11T16:28:09.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA automation is coding using specific library, usually Se Webdriver. If your goal is to advance toward management positions, advanced coding skills are almost irrelevant (basic coding skills you already have might be enough).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dare I say, &lt;strong&gt;not being CompSci graduate might be even a positive&lt;/strong&gt;, because CompSci graduates tend to be introverts, and management position requires more focus on communication skills (usually not a strong point of introverts).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your coding skills are OK, and you want to be a QA manager, I would suggest (when considering &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/17535/7552&quot;&gt;T profiled skills&lt;/a&gt; from @FDM answer) to make your &lt;strong&gt;communication&lt;/strong&gt; skills the deep part, and cover the shallow part just enough: Become OK in networking, system administration, database administration and design, have &lt;strong&gt;intro level&lt;/strong&gt; knowledge of most tools your QA uses. So you can &lt;strong&gt;understand the concerns&lt;/strong&gt; of the different members of your team and &lt;strong&gt;negotiate between different priorities&lt;/strong&gt;, without micromanaging (let &lt;strong&gt;them&lt;/strong&gt; own the technical side of the problem).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hard part is how to maintain adequate sharpness of your skills in all those areas without spending too much time in any of them, when so much of your time would be spent in meetings... :-(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T16:33:10.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17546" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17559" CreationDate="2016-03-11T17:40:49.837" Score="10" ViewCount="1366" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company, we are working on ways to improve our testing of database changes, in our testing environment first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since there are no resources to have a production like volume of data in servers with the same RAM, disk and other resources, I just thought we could scale it down and still have a good way to test those changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I mention scaling, this would mean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;using 100 times less data&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;in a computer with 100 times less RAM and disk &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;set the database instance with all the thresholds 100 times smaller&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this actually catch, before production, many of the &quot;surprise&quot; problems we might anticipate? Or is there a more fundamental flaw in the approach that will cause deleterious changes to pass testing and affect production?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note 1&lt;/strong&gt;: I am not presenting this as a way to avoid specific tests for the specific change. This is just a way to catch problems you have not anticipated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note 2&lt;/strong&gt;: I am not concerned with getting a few failures in testing that would pass production. But I want to avoid the reverse as much as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1240" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T00:35:08.907" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T12:15:39.463" Title="Can a proportionately scaled down testing environment find performance load issues?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17547" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-11T17:50:40.297" Score="0" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to jmeter.. I have successfully generated the dynamic token using regular expression but i am still not able to successfully log in. even though my tests are pass.. Please help what am I missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IYaYD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IYaYD.png&quot; alt=&quot;Request/Response&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17202" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T12:41:07.103" Title="Testing with jmeter Trying to login in to Wikipedia" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17482" CreationDate="2016-03-11T19:21:12.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you looked at &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.cpan.org/~teodesian/TestLink-API-0.011/lib/TestLink/API.pm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; API doc? getTestCasesForTestSuite and getExecutionType might be the methods you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17203" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T19:21:12.780" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17546" CreationDate="2016-03-11T19:36:52.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Presumably the database is just a piece of your overall system, and your goal is to determine whether database changes break things or slow the system down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a downsized database is a reasonable way to check whether database changes break things.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure it makes sense to use a downsized database for load testing.  Whether this makes sense depends on whether the database is a bottleneck.  If your test database is only 1% as big as your production database, the test database is liable to be much faster, and it may be difficult to discern slowdowns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T19:36:52.487" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14153" CreationDate="2016-03-11T20:20:40.333" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The JSON Wire Protocol is on it's way to becoming accepted as a W3C standard.  This means that moving forward, the vendors behind browsers will have much more incentive to implement and maintain implementations for their browsers.  Some vendors such as Mozilla and Microsoft have already taken over maintenance of the drivers used by Firefox and Edge.  I heard google has declared intent to take over chromedriver, but theres no real ETA for that.  Each vender implements the wire protocol their own way.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One reason why browsers do not currently implement this protocol directly is because it's not a universally accepted standard yet, and thus, venders simply don't know if the effort they put into integrating and maintaining it will be sustainable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Historically (I'm not sure if this is still the case), Firefox's implementation was a firefox plugin that would be installed in a new, disposable profile which ran a lightweight HTTP server that would receive commands and perform javascript operations accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The JSON wire protocol uses JSON as the name implies to package commands and uses HTTP to send those messages to whatever http server is ready to recieve them.  This gives near universal support as most technologies these days utilize and can understand these protocols.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2016-03-11T23:38:30.550" LastActivityDate="2016-03-11T23:38:30.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17553" CreationDate="2016-03-11T22:06:53.203" Score="2" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me start by saying that currently I am not using the record and playback features of Coded UI,  nor am I using the UIMap features.  I am trying to speed up the performance of my Coded UI tests (specifically finding the controls) and I had the idea of saving the controls to a XML file to use later (that way I am only searching through the controls that I need instead of the controls on the window). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Serialization is something that I came across in the past (but never used). My overall idea is that I can find the controls, serialize them to an XML file,  then de-serialize them on every run after that,  hopefully making it so that I can only need to search through a limited amount of controls (in a faster manner). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any assistance would be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-03-14T11:12:05.607" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T11:12:05.607" Title="Is it possible to Serialize a UITestControl (when using Coded UI)?" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17546" CreationDate="2016-03-11T22:46:46.880" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;No.  The items you mention scale very differently and there are far too many factors and resources that will get used.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For instance if I time requests on a local server using an application I'll find things like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 user = 2 second response average (time per request)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;10 users = 2.5 second average&lt;br&gt;&#xA;100 users = 2.5 second average&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1000 users = 20 second average&lt;br&gt;&#xA;10000 users = 10 minute average&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. not linear, as @dzieciou points out.  Given that, it also means that you can't just take 1% of the factors you list.  Some applications will not behave differently at 1%, others may crash entirely in deadlocks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically &quot;&lt;em&gt;Since there are no resources to have a production like volume&lt;/em&gt;&quot; means your company does not consider useful volume testing to be worth spending the money on and may need to be convinced otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing you can do for now is use monitoring of the live production performance over time and that would help you monitor spikes and issues. A lot of the applications that monitor server performance have charts that display it. You'll at least know how performance handles your current peaks and you'll be able to do useful before and after software releases change comparisons to see if recent changes have affected it a lot. It's kinda late in the development cycle but better than nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T12:15:39.463" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T12:15:39.463" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17551" CreationDate="2016-03-12T10:11:42.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that that will not work. The values contain dynamic data such as window handles (or similar values) that relate to specific instances of the UI controls. This can be inferred from the sort of errors that are often found when developing tests. Errors such as stale handle, or &lt;code&gt;FailedToPerformActionOnBlockedControlException&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T10:11:42.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16957" CreationDate="2016-03-12T22:08:35.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some fields will let you use CONTAINS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/jirasoftwarecloud/advanced-searching-764478330.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://confluence.atlassian.com/jirasoftwarecloud/advanced-searching-764478330.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Summary, Description, Environment, Comments, custom fields that use the &quot;Free Text Searcher&quot; (i.e. custom fields of the following built-in custom field types: Free Text Field, Text Field, Read-only Text Field).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example you can do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;description ~ 'QUOT'  order by created DESC&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;project ~ 'QUOT'  order by created DESC&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T22:08:35.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17534" CreationDate="2016-03-12T22:11:27.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new here, I cannot comment. I am assuming you are using maven surefire plugin, If so you can pass in any particular test name in maven goal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mvn -Dtest={your-test} test&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, you can edit question with some details/may be part of pom.xml and maven goal from jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17211" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-03-13T10:07:31.860" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T10:07:31.860" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17533" CreationDate="2016-03-12T22:35:22.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new so i cannot comment, to get more details&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is maven build, try adding  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-Dmaven.test.failure.ignore=true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;into MAVEN_OPTS, advance button in build section of jenkins&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17211" LastEditorUserId="17211" LastEditDate="2016-03-12T22:43:42.487" LastActivityDate="2016-03-12T22:43:42.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15297" CreationDate="2016-03-13T07:41:41.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Navigate To:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;project properties =&gt; Java Build Path =&gt; Libraries =&gt; Selenium-java-2.42.2.jar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Select&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Selenium-java-2.xx.x.jar&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;strong&gt;Expand&lt;/strong&gt; it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will see &lt;strong&gt;Javadoc location option&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Select&lt;/strong&gt; it and click on &lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On next window add &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; link in &lt;strong&gt;javadoc location path&lt;/strong&gt; textbox and click on &lt;strong&gt;Ok&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details &lt;a href=&quot;http://avinashpandeblogsonseleniumautomation.blogspot.in/2016/03/how-to-bind-selenium-javadoc-to-eclipse.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Click Here&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12086" LastActivityDate="2016-03-13T07:41:41.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17546" CreationDate="2016-03-13T14:46:17.330" Score="10" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does this actually catch, before production, many of the &quot;surprise&quot;&#xA;  problems we might anticipate? Or is there a more fundamental flaw in&#xA;  the approach that will cause deleterious changes to pass testing and&#xA;  affect production?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are wise to have a test system that you can use for catching performance issues, but your &quot;scaling&quot; approach is flawed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance doesn't scale this way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all systems there are bottlenecks. Sometimes, under normal or much larger load, we know where these bottlenecks are (memory, disk, network, etc), but often we don't. That's why we do performance/load testing in as close to a production environment as we can get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scaling down the system, doesn't mean that the bottleneck will scale in a similar fashion. For example, restricting memory to 1/100th of production might mean that your system won't run at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to find the bottlenecks that will actually occur in production - you would want to use the actual production system (or a non-scaled-down replica).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you want to find out if your recent changes have adversely affected the performance of your system, many folks run them in a scaled-down system before installing the changes, then run the same scenarios in the scaled-down system after installing the changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You won't get the complete picture, but you can get some hints as to what your changes might do in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(And you probably can't catch many of the &quot;surprise&quot; problems you might anticipate, since surprises aren't anticipated by definition.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T10:58:14.633" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T10:58:14.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12021" CreationDate="2016-03-13T21:52:36.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually QA do work related to &lt;strong&gt;high level tests&lt;/strong&gt; like the functional ones.&#xA;The unit tests are expected from the developers, as they are more aware of the circumstances of their development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if there is &lt;strong&gt;time&lt;/strong&gt; available on your project, verifying or even helping making those unit tests is very helpful as you can add new perspectives to what should be tested in this kind of test. Of course, you should know deeply enough the unit tests framework used by the developers, which usually are different from those used for functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12757" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-03-14T11:13:00.567" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T11:13:00.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17525" CreationDate="2016-03-14T00:28:39.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; for that. It works with any browser as this is just a proxy that allows you to capture and analyze web traffic. In order to see loading times in the session summary add the TTLB column to the session viewer. Fiddler provides multiple filtering options, for example, in case your adds are on dedicated host, you can set up filters to display traffic only from that host. Fiddler supports bunch of export formats including HAR, so you can continue using the same tools for reporting, also you can export captured data into csv\tsv with script\plugin or just by clicking &lt;code&gt;Copy -&amp;gt; Full Summary&lt;/code&gt; and pasting copied data to Excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2269" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T00:28:39.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-14T01:22:15.650" Score="7" ViewCount="16126" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are thinking of implementing a test management tool for our test cases which are currently in Excel sheets. So far we have zeroed in on these three tools. Some of the features we are looking for are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integration with JIRA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to import existing test cases from Excel sheets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cost effective&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to integrate automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quality of the JIRA plugin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in case of Zephyr and Testrail, is it advisable to use the JIRA plugin only without using their enterprise service? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be good if someone could provide a Matrix Comparison for these tools based on these features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12528" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T00:14:24.797" LastActivityDate="2019-10-30T13:56:43.133" Title="Zephyr vs Xray vs TestRail" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-14T11:45:52.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Career growth opportunities for QA/Test vary widely depending on the organizational culture, the area, the size of the organization, and so forth. Companies in tech hub regions tend to have more career growth options than companies that aren't, some countries have a different view of what makes a good candidate for a promotion... The variations are endless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are some common factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most organizations prefer to promote someone who's been effectively performing the role they're aiming for (because they have an observable, verifiable history of your ability to act in that role). So if you're wanting to move to Test Lead/QA Management type positions, you need to be volunteering to act as your current test lead/manager's backup and second.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In my experience, the ability to translate between &quot;programmer-geek&quot; and &quot;management-ese&quot; is much more important to a test lead/QA manager than the ability to build automation frameworks. The best automation in the universe doesn't help your team if you can't effectively communicate the results to your managers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding how automation works and why it's more complicated than tool vendors make it seem is essential to a test lead/manager. Being able to build your own framework probably is not (but there will be some places where it is).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Being able to give broad estimates of test effort required that are moderately accurate and supportable is more important to a test lead/manager than being able to build test automation. (By &quot;moderately accurate&quot; I mean you should be able to look at a high-level description and say &quot;That's going to take several months of testing&quot; or &quot;That's a few days of testing&quot; and be in the right general range. If you're in an Agile environment, it's the T-shirt-sizing level estimation of epics/features to help stakeholders decide how they want to prioritize)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In my opinion &lt;strong&gt;the most important aspect of a test lead/management role&lt;/strong&gt; is to &lt;strong&gt;act as a buffer between your team and the rest of the organization&lt;/strong&gt;. The test lead/manager role is a typical low-to-mid-level management position where the key responsibilities are communicating status to higher positions, and ensuring your team has everything they need to meet their responsibilities. That means if there are problems, you take the heat so your team isn't distracted. It means you resolve conflicts between team members. It means you track down resources for you team members and protect them from unreasonable demands. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if you're looking towards a &lt;em&gt;test automation lead&lt;/em&gt; position, this is a completely different situation: that position tends to be much more of a technical leadership role than a managerial role, so extensive understanding of automation frameworks and software development is much more of a requirement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T11:45:52.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17566" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17568" CreationDate="2016-03-14T13:40:37.760" Score="0" ViewCount="4844" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using .csv file to read data input &#xA;.csv file header:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ID | Design | Type | forname | secondName&#xA;1 | design1 | type1 | displayinResults | displayinResults2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, i am &lt;code&gt;using ID, Design and Type&lt;/code&gt; as inputs and I would like to see &lt;code&gt;forname, secondName&lt;/code&gt; in results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently it is displayed as: &lt;code&gt;HTTP requests 1-1&lt;/code&gt;, but i would like it to be displayed as &lt;code&gt;displayinResults displayinResults2&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;HTTP request displayinResults displayinResults2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say my label for http request is getWeatherinfo, &#xA;I would like to see result getWeatherinfo + ${forname}&#xA;if possible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastEditorUserId="17148" LastEditDate="2016-03-14T15:55:36.550" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T20:50:15.007" Title="JMeter Change thread name or label in result file" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17569" CreationDate="2016-03-14T14:14:39.487" Score="0" ViewCount="976" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Application allows only one user to login/perform any operation at a time but jmeter is able to do the same process/request multiple times without throwing any error using same user credential simultaneously. I've used record and play function of Jmeter and it is able to do the same request multiple times without throwing any error. I have used multiple users in my thread group that's why it is doing same request multiple time but this should be shown in red or fail as my application support that one user can be used only once to perform any operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17232" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-14T19:22:09.393" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T19:22:09.393" Title="Why does my single user application allow many users in jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17566" CreationDate="2016-03-14T14:48:03.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considering that you are using &quot;&lt;strong&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; Configuration element for providing input value to your script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't change the &lt;strong&gt;'Thread Name'&lt;/strong&gt; using the CSV file, as this is the functionality of listener (this is how it has been designed), but you can change the &lt;strong&gt;'Label'&lt;/strong&gt; value shown in the results and &lt;strong&gt;most of the times this Label is used for interpretation of Reports.&lt;/strong&gt; One more aspect of this functionality is, JMeter saves result file only in 1 common format for all listeners i.e. all the inbuilt listeners uses the same jtl file to display results in a different way and this Thread Name is taken from the &quot;Name&quot; property of Thread Group used in your testing and it continues in a series &lt;em&gt;(1-1, 1-2, 1-3... so on)&lt;/em&gt;; where First digit is the Thread/user number and Second digit is the Request number for that user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tojB9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tojB9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can change it as a whole but it will not be picked from CSV file like you can make it &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Thread Group 1-1&quot; to &quot;User 1-1&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. As a standard practice you should change the label as this is what displayed in other listeners too. Like Label; Thread Name is not a common attribute for all listeners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T14:48:03.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17567" CreationDate="2016-03-14T15:04:24.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If I understand your issue correctly, you wonder why JMeter is not showing fail request in red color for multiple users, Right?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, this is not how JMeter works, actually red color/failed request is shown only when your application throws error or JMeter didn't get any valid response. In your case your application has restriction that one user can login only at one time and not from multiple machines at same time. But when you run script using JMeter with same user multiple times, your application still passes a valid response to JMeter &lt;em&gt;(like 'User already logged In' or 'Not able to login' or most of the times 'Application throws user back to login page')&lt;/em&gt; and that's why you get a normal sequence in results and not the red color. This is how JMeter works, it doesn't care about the expected response and if you analyze the results you will see that users other than first user has not actually been able to login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So, if you use a 'Tree Listener' and navigate to the request which you&#xA;  expected to be in Red, and open the &quot;Response Data&quot; tab, then you will&#xA;  see the HTML response of the request sent and received by JMeter, this&#xA;  response will tell you what actually has happened and you might be&#xA;  able to see that any user other than the First one is not able to&#xA;  Login i.e. for other users you will either see the Login page or&#xA;  Validation message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lH4bl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lH4bl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now, you need to understand the difference in Expected and Valid Response.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expected Response: is the response you are expecting and you want JMeter to validate the same too and then show a Pass/Fail request on the basis of the expected response vs. actual response. You can do this using &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Assertions&lt;/a&gt; and in your case you should use it just to see the difference. You can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;'Response Assertion'&lt;/a&gt; for validate the response i.e. Homepage is shown or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Valid Response: is a non-error response which JMeter has received from the application it can be Expected one or non-expected one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2016-03-14T15:12:29.230" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T15:12:29.230" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12021" CreationDate="2016-03-14T16:03:08.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Peter said, IMHO &lt;strong&gt;Unit tests are best done by developers&lt;/strong&gt;.  These tests really give the most benefit to them as it helps them ensure their code is working as intended at the most granular level, and it will help prevent bugs when changes are made to the code in the future.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your company wants you to write these tests, but you don't have the skillset required at the moment, one thing we have done is &lt;strong&gt;to pair a developer with a QA person and have that QA person go through what would be good test scenarios and let the developer write the tests&lt;/strong&gt; (this works best in Test Driven Design).  This allows both parties to use their strengths while also gaining some insight into the other's way-of-thinking and techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T16:03:08.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17562" CreationDate="2016-03-14T18:35:29.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use TestRail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration with JIRA&lt;/strong&gt;. We just started using this, I've linked many tickets to my test cases. I haven't had bugs linked yet, but it seems like it will be useful for 'more information' and not a goto. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ability to import existing test cases from Excel sheets&lt;/strong&gt;. There is an import function. Somehow I don't see this being easy depending on how your sheets are setup. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;cost effective&lt;/strong&gt;. We compared with Zephyr and didn't see an advantage cost wise with either. We have about 12 people on QA and about ~120 total at the company. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ability to integrate automated tests&lt;/strong&gt;. We have one project running an automation suite that updates TestRail. So far it's pretty nice. As long as your tests are up to date, you can get a nice little report. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;quality of the JIRA plugin&lt;/strong&gt;. Nothing awesome, but I didn't feel like Zephyr was incredible either. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;in case of Zephyr and Testrail, is it advisable to use the JIRA plugin only without using their enterprise service?&lt;/strong&gt; As far as TestRail goes, I would use their cloud service. However I don't have experience setting it up locally etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16622" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T18:35:29.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17572" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17573" CreationDate="2016-03-14T19:52:36.610" Score="2" ViewCount="1159" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a method and/or best practice for protecting credentials in a Selenium project using Java?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two main ones for my application will be user credentials for logging into the site, and DB credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16984" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T23:16:24.330" Title="Protecting credentials in Selenium project" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17572" CreationDate="2016-03-14T20:23:44.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually will create a .properties file that contains username and password and then make sure my .gitignore file says to not include that file in code check-ins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1857" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T20:23:44.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17566" CreationDate="2016-03-14T20:50:15.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Possible solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change HTTP request sampler name(label) to &#xA;&lt;code&gt;${forname} ${secondName}&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;where forname, secondName are .csv column headers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastActivityDate="2016-03-14T20:50:15.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17575" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17598" CreationDate="2016-03-14T21:05:44.453" Score="0" ViewCount="313" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have several Cucumber tests that are running fine (I closely watch them), all pass, and everything works good. But Event Log in Rubymine keeps showing all the tests that pass in this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Failed to start: 0 passed, 19 not started&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, the Run tab (which shows all tests as Passed) also says this after (otherwise successful) run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Done: Scenarios 0 of 19&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please help me understand why could it happen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/nbVrDvL.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My setup:&lt;/em&gt; Rubymine / Ruby / Selenium / Cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6667" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T20:26:07.580" Title="Rubymine / Cucumber: Tests run fine, but are shown as “Failed to start” in Event Log" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16749" CreationDate="2016-03-15T03:41:34.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make a habit of going through a test case ( if not at least high level test plan ) review with the whole team, its not unusual to miss a bug which can land in production&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After review you can always say it was not part of plan so everyone is responsible not only you, may be no one ll point fingers in first place &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your manager does not understand this and joins others in pointing finger at you, start searching for a job in normal companies, these things can damage your confidence and you learn to just do things to cover your base which takes juice out of testers profession&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17211" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T03:41:34.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17546" CreationDate="2016-03-15T06:55:08.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ideally the best thing is to have &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;UAT&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staging_site&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Staging&lt;/a&gt; environment which would be exact replica of the production to test your changes there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application has &quot;dead&quot; time i.e. in the night or during weekends it should be possible to test it on production environment during that period.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing on scaled down environments is the &quot;last resort&quot;. You'll possibly be able to capture and fix some issues by using profiler tools, but you'll never able to tell what will break under heavy production load as the reasons might be numerous. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/performance-testing-scaled-down-environment-part-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Testing in Scaled Down Environments. Part One: The Challenges&lt;/a&gt; article for more details. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T06:55:08.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17581" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17582" CreationDate="2016-03-15T08:55:08.217" Score="1" ViewCount="427" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one HTTP request, .csv file with 50 different inputs, 50 rows in .csv&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to start next iteration of HTTP request only after first one is finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could use ramp up period, but i cannot be sure that next iteration will start when first one is finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastEditorUserId="17148" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T09:04:33.420" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T09:04:33.420" Title="JMETER - run next HTTP request after first iteration is finished" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17581" CreationDate="2016-03-15T09:04:26.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not mandatory to run 50 threads, to read 50 rows from .csv as some tutorials would suggest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All user has to do is to run 1 user and to set loop counter in thread group&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T09:04:26.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17562" CreationDate="2016-03-15T10:14:23.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using the Jira addin with locally running TestRail without any issues. What I like about Test Rail is the ease of use. We went from install to all QA team using it in a few weeks. Also Gurock respond very quickly to development requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark Smith&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T10:14:23.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17587" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-15T12:18:14.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;CSV is a file format describing a plain text file with information separated by delimiters (usually a comma, semi-colon, tab or pipe (&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;) symbol).A CSV is a &lt;strong&gt;comma separated values&lt;/strong&gt; file, which allows data to be saved in a table structured format. CSVs look like a garden-variety spreadsheet but with a .csv extension (Traditionally they take the form of a text file containing information separated by commas, hence the name).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While technically plain text files (&lt;code&gt;.txt&lt;/code&gt;), these files are usually given the &lt;code&gt;.csv&lt;/code&gt; extension to indicate that they store tabular data (numbers and text) in plain-text form, and that the data is delimited by a delimiter character and can be afforded special parsing. The most common delimiter is the comma, but other characters such as tabs and pipe (&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;) symbols are used too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The MIME type for CSV files is &lt;code&gt;text/csv&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information is often stored in CSV format to make it easy to transfer tables of data between applications. Each row of a table is represented as a list of plain text (human-readable) values with a delimiter character between each discrete piece of data. Values may be enclosed in quotes, which is required if they contain the delimiter as a value. The first row of data often contains headers of table's columns, which describe the meaning of the data in each column.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;Tabular format:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;+-------+-------------+----------+----------------------+&#xA;| Time  | Temperature | Humidity | Description          |&#xA;+-------|-------------|----------|----------------------+&#xA;| 08:00 |     70      |    35    | Sunny and Clear      |&#xA;| 11:45 |     94      |    90    | Hazy, Hot, and Humid |&#xA;| 14:30 |     18      |          | Freezing             |&#xA;+-------+-------------+----------+----------------------+&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;CSV format:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Time,Temperature,Humidity,Description&#xA;08:00,70,35,&quot;Sunny and Clear&quot;&#xA;11:45,94,90,&quot;Hazy, Hot, and Humid&quot;&#xA;14:30,18,,Freezing&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example, the first row of CSV data serves as the &quot;header&quot; which describes the corresponding data below it. Each successive line of the CSV file would then neatly fit into the same field as the first line. There is no inherent way to describe within a CSV file whether the first row is a header row or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that empty fields (fields with no available data, such as the third field in the last line) are place-held with commas so that the fields that follow may be correctly placed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions tagged &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/csv&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;csv&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;csv&lt;/a&gt; are expected to relate to programming in some way, for example, parsing/importing CSV files or creating them programmatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RFC 4180&lt;/a&gt; (describes official CSV format)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T15:59:48.257" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T15:59:48.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17588" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-15T12:18:14.057" Score="0" Body="Comma-Separated Values or Character-Separated Values (CSV) is a standard &quot;flat file database&quot; format for storing tabular data in plain text, consisting of an optional header row that lists the table fields delimited by commas or tabs or other delimiter character, followed by one or more rows (newline separated) representing the table records as delimited lists of the values. Newlines and separator characters can appear within (quoted) fields. " OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-15T15:59:44.677" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T15:59:44.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14008" CreationDate="2016-03-15T14:10:02.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are your answers &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Difference between avg page time and avg response time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/89b82d9c-69f7-44c8-9db1-4901020b63e0/what-is-the-difference-between-average-test-time-average-response-time-and-average-page-time?forum=vstswebtest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/89b82d9c-69f7-44c8-9db1-4901020b63e0/what-is-the-difference-between-average-test-time-average-response-time-and-average-page-time?forum=vstswebtest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How can I create transactions &#xA;Answer: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182547(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182547(v=vs.110).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is exactly Avg. Test Time?&#xA;Answer : Average Test time: The average test time is the time it takes to execute all requests within a web test + think times.&#xA;see this useful link &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140409134104-59567290-planning-and-conducting-effective-performance-and-load-testing-for-web-applications-using-visual-studio-ultimate-2012&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140409134104-59567290-planning-and-conducting-effective-performance-and-load-testing-for-web-applications-using-visual-studio-ultimate-2012&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Values like 95%, 90% etc. which are shown in the Table view, these are the Avg. Page Time or Avg. Response Time? &#xA;Answer: if you are seeing the table of pages , it will show average page time &#xA;if you are seeing the table of request, it will show average respone time.&#xA;90% means, 90% of the request takes less than this reponse time. &#xA;for example 10 sec is written in 90% column, that means 90% of the requests take less than 10 seconds. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The goal which is set in the requests is compared against the Avg. Page Time or Avg. Response Time? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer : you set goal for each request, each response will be compared to your set goal. it will not be compared to avg page time or avg response time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question number 6 is already answered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see this link as well &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms404705.aspx#Graph&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms404705.aspx#Graph&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11239" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T14:10:02.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17592" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-15T14:25:11.047" Score="0" ViewCount="5762" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&#xA;@Parameters(&quot;folderName&quot;)&#xA;public void setUp(String folderName) {&#xA;    createLogger(this.getClass().getSimpleName(),folderName);&#xA;    configureDriver();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@AfterClass&#xA;public void tearDown() {&#xA;    shutDown();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the above test case using maven &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; mvn path/to/pom.xml clean -Dtest=HerveLeger test&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's giving following exception &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;setUp(com.hb.MFA.HerveLeger)  Time elapsed: 0.359 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE!&#xA;org.testng.TestNGException: &#xA;Parameter 'folderName' is required by @Configuration on method setUp_HerveLeger but has not been marked @Optional or defined&#xA;&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Parameters.createParameters(Parameters.java:155)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Parameters.createParameters(Parameters.java:358)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Parameters.createConfigurationParameters(Parameters.java:86)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:199)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:138)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeBeforeClassMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:175)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:107)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:348)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:343)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:305)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:254)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1224)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1149)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1057)&#xA;at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGExecutor.run(TestNGExecutor.java:115)&#xA;at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGDirectoryTestSuite.executeSingleClass(TestNGDirectoryTestSuite.java:129)&#xA;at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGDirectoryTestSuite.execute(TestNGDirectoryTestSuite.java:113)&#xA;at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGProvider.invoke(TestNGProvider.java:111)&#xA;at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:203)&#xA;at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:155)&#xA;at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here it is my TestNG.xml file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;TEST NAME&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;folderName&quot; value=&quot;TEstName&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.org.Test&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me any one to solve this issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2016-03-16T06:29:32.203" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T06:29:32.203" Title="using @parameter annotation in testng test case throwing exception" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15591" CreationDate="2016-03-15T16:04:25.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package DDT;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;&#xA;&#xA;public class ReadExcelSheet {&#xA;    public static HSSFWorkbook WBook = null;&#xA;    public static HSSFSheet WSheet= null;&#xA;&#xA;    public static HSSFSheet DataSheet(String FilePath, String SheetName){&#xA;        File file = new File(FilePath);&#xA;        try {&#xA;            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);&#xA;            WBook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis);&#xA;            WSheet = WBook.getSheet(SheetName);         &#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {         &#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        return WSheet;      &#xA;    }       &#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;package DDT;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class getExcelData extends ReadExcelSheet {&#xA;&#xA;    public static Object[][] LoginData;&#xA;    public static Object[][] ShipmentData;&#xA;    public static HSSFRow Row;&#xA;    public static HSSFCell cell;&#xA;    public static String FilePath = &quot;C:\\Users\\admin\\Desktop\\DataSheet.xls&quot;;&#xA;    public static String SheetName1 = &quot;Login&quot;;&#xA;    public static String SheetName2 = &quot;Shipment&quot;;&#xA;    public static HSSFSheet Sheet;&#xA;&#xA;    @DataProvider&#xA;    public static Object[][] getLoginData() throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;        Sheet = DataSheet(FilePath, SheetName1);&#xA;        int rowCount = Sheet.getLastRowNum();&#xA;        System.out.println(rowCount);&#xA;        int colCount = Sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();&#xA;        System.out.println(colCount);&#xA;&#xA;        LoginData = new Object[rowCount][colCount];&#xA;&#xA;        for (int rCnt=1; rCnt&amp;lt;=rowCount;rCnt++){&#xA;            for (int cCnt=0; cCnt&amp;lt;colCount;cCnt++){&#xA;                LoginData[rCnt-1][cCnt] = getCellData(SheetName1, rCnt, cCnt);&#xA;                System.out.println(LoginData[rCnt-1][cCnt]);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        return LoginData;&#xA;    }&#xA;        @DataProvider&#xA;        public static Object[][] getShipmentData() throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;            Sheet = DataSheet(FilePath, SheetName2);&#xA;            int rowCount = Sheet.getLastRowNum();&#xA;            System.out.println(rowCount);&#xA;            int colCount = Sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();&#xA;            System.out.println(colCount);&#xA;&#xA;            ShipmentData = new Object[rowCount][colCount];&#xA;&#xA;            for (int rCnt=1; rCnt&amp;lt;=rowCount;rCnt++){&#xA;                for (int cCnt=0; cCnt&amp;lt;colCount;cCnt++){&#xA;                    ShipmentData[rCnt-1][cCnt] = getCellData(SheetName2, rCnt, cCnt);&#xA;                    System.out.println(ShipmentData[rCnt-1][cCnt]);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            return ShipmentData;        &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static String getCellData(String Sheet, int row, int col){&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;            int index = WBook.getSheetIndex(Sheet);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            WSheet = WBook.getSheetAt(index);&#xA;            Row = WSheet.getRow(row);&#xA;            if (Row == null)&#xA;            return &quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;            cell = Row.getCell(col);&#xA;            if (cell == null)&#xA;            return &quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;            switch (cell.getCellType())&#xA;            {&#xA;            case  Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:&#xA;            return cell.getStringCellValue();               &#xA;&#xA;            case  Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:&#xA;            return String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());          &#xA;&#xA;            case  Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:&#xA;            return &quot;&quot;;      &#xA;&#xA;            case  Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:&#xA;            return cell.getStringCellValue();           &#xA;&#xA;            case  Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:&#xA;            return String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());          &#xA;&#xA;            default:&#xA;            return &quot;Cell not found&quot;;        &#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;            catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            return &quot;row &quot; + row + &quot; or column &quot; + col+ &quot; does not exist in xls&quot;;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider=&quot;getLoginData&quot;)&#xA;    public void TC01_Verify_Login_Valid_Cred(String User, String Pass){&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(User + Pass);    &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider=&quot;getShipmentData&quot;)&#xA;    public void TC02_Verify_Shipment_Data(String TestID,String Weight, String Account,String DeclaredValue,String Execute,String Status){&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(TestID+Weight+Account+DeclaredValue+Execute+Status); &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17250" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-03-16T11:35:09.307" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T11:35:09.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17562" CreationDate="2016-03-15T16:18:19.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dennis from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestRail&lt;/a&gt; here. I thought it might be useful to know why we have many teams regularly migrating from basic JIRA add-ons to TestRail and there are various reasons teams migrate to or choose TestRail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xMHr4.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestRail offers the best of both worlds: a fully featured test management application that provides all the features needed for teams to be effective and productive. And at the same time we have a rich JIRA add-on integration to view linked results, test cases and reports inside JIRA. TestRail is the only application offering this kind of combination, and because of this we have a lot of teams switching to TestRail every week. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also have many teams migrating from the various available basic JIRA add-ons, as they usually don't support even very basic features required for teams to be productive that you can find in a full test management tool (e.g. very basic things like grouping tests in sections, maintaining test orders, reusing tests easily, running tests against different platforms such as browsers/OS/platform configurations, rich automation APIs, forecast reports etc). E.g. TestRail's FastTrack interface alone helps teams save a lot of time every week:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.gurock.com/testrail-5-1-introducing-testrail-fasttrack/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blog.gurock.com/testrail-5-1-introducing-testrail-fasttrack/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can learn more about other features why teams switch here, so you can use this for a comparison matrix you mentioned, as well as our rich JIRA integration that supports full coverage between requirements/use cases in JIRA, test cases and test results in TestRail, as well as defects/issues in JIRA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/tour/modern-test-management/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/tour/modern-test-management/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.gurock.com/testrail-5-0-jira-test-management/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blog.gurock.com/testrail-5-0-jira-test-management/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestRail is also in the very unique position that we fully support both JIRA Server and JIRA Cloud, and TestRail was even featured for this on the Atlassian/JIRA blog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2016/02/universal-addons-for-jira-server-cloud/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2016/02/universal-addons-for-jira-server-cloud/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5642" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2018-12-29T13:43:39.407" LastActivityDate="2018-12-29T13:43:39.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17596" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-15T19:21:59.840" Score="4" ViewCount="553" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an Agile world, would you consider all of the team members testers? Are they part of defining the quality of the software? How can a team member be a good agile tester in your mind? What are the qualities you are looking for a tester in an Agile world?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11066" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T09:31:08.003" Title="Who is a tester in an Agile Team?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;tester&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-05T04:58:52.823" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17546" CreationDate="2016-03-15T19:47:21.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test environment will NOT scale proportionally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what you can do is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make test environment as similar to PROD as you possibly can (with possibly less servers, that's what we do: have about half of the servers in PROD) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;replicate most of the complexity you can (fallback servers as in PROD)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;replicate the load from PROD in a reasonable way (we collect few major types of user submissions in PROD, and replay them in QA using selenium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;closely monitor trends. We use Graphite to collect about hundred of metrics and monitor them closely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such settings gives you some chance to detect performance problems before code is deployed to PROD, even if it is far from foolproof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you will detect only the &quot;known unknowns&quot;, not the &quot;unknown unknowns&quot;. But you have at least a fighting chance to detect them, and test the fix before patching it to PROD. You need the understanding from management that even with best efforts, it is inevitable that some performance problems will be detected only in PROD, and it is nobody's fault - universe is quirky this way and little can be done to fight it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also: law of diminishing returns apply: If your testing system is 100% mirror of your PROD, your system administration team have double the work to keep both of them running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T19:47:21.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17575" CreationDate="2016-03-15T20:26:07.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ok, apparently it is a bug that exists in the current release build.&#xA;I contacted them, and they said it is related to &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/RUBY-17541&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this issue&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;They fixed it in &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.jetbrains.com/display/RUBYDEV/Early+Access+Program&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;EAP build 145.184.8&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;I was able to confirm the fix after I installed that build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6667" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T20:26:07.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16659" CreationDate="2016-03-15T21:46:08.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A work around I have heard of people doing that wouldn't require any chrome extensions is to resize the window to a large resolution.  If the page in question has a set width, then you can resize the window to that, and then make it very long.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.Dimension;&#xA;&#xA;Dimension screenSize = new Dimension(600, 5000);&#xA;webDriver.manage().window().setSize(screenSize);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This won't give you a perfectly sized screenshot that matches the page all the time, and there is a risk that you may still not get the entire page if you're not generous enough.  But this could help you act as a temporary solution that doesn't require much work to accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-03-15T21:46:08.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17592" CreationDate="2016-03-16T04:19:29.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;try this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mvn path/to/pom.xml clean -Dtest={testname} -DfolderName=HerveLeger test&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can try, removing @parameters and add simple java call&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.getProperty(&quot;folderName&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and pass it with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;-DfolderName=&quot;HerveLeger&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thourgh maven goal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17211" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T04:19:29.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17592" CreationDate="2016-03-16T04:23:42.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Parameter 'folderName' is required by @Configuration on method setUp_HerveLeger but has not been marked @Optional or defined&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It says it right in the exception description. You need to define a parameter in you're TestNG XML file or provide an optional value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Parameters(&quot;folderName&quot;)&#xA;public void setUp(@Optional(&quot;Insert folder name here or leave empty&quot;) String folderName) {&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is explained clearly in the TestNG Documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;TestNG Parameters&quot;&gt;TestNG Parameters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example TestNG.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;testSuiteNameHere&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;folderName&quot; value=&quot;SomeValue&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15651" LastEditorUserId="15651" LastEditDate="2016-03-16T05:27:55.197" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T05:27:55.197" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17608" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-16T06:35:01.347" Score="4" ViewCount="3124" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Jenkins for continuous integration. I have already created a Jenkins job for running all my robot framework automation test scripts &amp;amp; Everything was absolutely working fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now, it started showing a kind of issue .. Jenkins stopped running the robot framework test cases. It will start a particular job to execute automation test scripts, but it will stop working after running a few test cases. In the web console, it's just showing the loading spinner icon for a long time without throwing any error messages!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[ All these test cases are working fine when I run through the command&#xA;  line !    Using Selenium2Library for writing test cases ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the screenshot of the web console &amp;amp; Jenkins log file ( /var/log/jenkins.log)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zepIH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zepIH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NwkHb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NwkHb.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you ever faced this kind of issue? Do you have any clue on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I just went through the jenkins -&gt; Manage jenkins -&gt; manage nodes&#xA;  sections &amp;amp; did not find any disk space issues here :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hADFs.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hADFs.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14732" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-27T12:51:24.457" LastActivityDate="2020-08-25T15:33:13.657" Title="Jenkins Build Is Hanging" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17609" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-16T07:17:43.833" Score="1" ViewCount="3015" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 120 test cases in my project. All those test cases are running on a live site. Here I configured all these 120 test cases in a single suite (TestNG.xml) file. It's taking 4 to 5 hours to complete all these test cases but sometimes some test cases are going to fail but when I run them individually they pass.&#xA;So here I am doing anything wrong by clubbing all 120 test cases in a single suite in a TestNG.xml file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone guide me the best way to deal with executing large number of test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Environment : Selenium Webdriver,Maven,TestNG and Jenkins&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here It is the sample TestNG.xml file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;SUITE&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test 1&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;folderName&quot; value=&quot;Test1&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.org.Test1&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA; .&#xA; .&#xA; .&#xA; . &#xA; &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test 120&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;folderName&quot; value=&quot;Test120&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.org.Test120&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-03-16T09:38:03.337" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T10:27:56.380" Title="Executing large number of test cases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17610" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-16T07:18:24.003" Score="4" ViewCount="1071" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to know, how I can use following waits in program at which situations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage.timeouts.implicit_wait = 20&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage.timeouts.script_timeout = 20&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage.timeouts.page_load = 20&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My program error is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; C:/Ruby200-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.52.0/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/wait.rb:76:in `until': timed out after 10 seconds (Unable to locate element: {&amp;quot;method&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;xpath&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;selector&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;.//*[@id='calendar']//*[contains(@class, 'fc-slot4')]/td/div&amp;quot;}) (Selenium::WebDriver::Error::TimeOutError)&#xA;            from anonymouspatient.rb:61:in `&amp;lt;main&amp;gt;'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can locate this element using IRB commands but can't find an element in selenium Webdriver using Ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17258" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-24T08:11:10.327" LastActivityDate="2021-05-03T11:47:40.340" Title="How to use multiple wait conditions in Selenium Webdriver using ruby?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17004" CreationDate="2016-03-16T08:17:20.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can try &lt;code&gt;span._4-fs span:nth-of-type(2)&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/sel_nth-of-type.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/sel_nth-of-type.asp&lt;/a&gt; for usage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15496" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T08:17:20.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17613" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17617" CreationDate="2016-03-16T10:02:25.797" Score="28" ViewCount="7971" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example when creating software for critical real time applications, like those used in aviation, how certain are you that it's going to run without problems? Are you 100% certain or are you &gt;90% certain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We see that bug fixes are continuously added in every software application.&#xA;What if the bug bites back before there is a chance to fix it,especially in mission critical applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is a fault free application really possible and is exception handling the solution to uncertainty? How far can exception handling go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17261" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T01:34:50.593" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T16:26:39.203" Title="How can developers be assured that their software is fault free?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17614" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17690" CreationDate="2016-03-16T10:10:55.453" Score="0" ViewCount="7435" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have one selenium project, i need to deploy as jar file how to do that?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;i used following tools/api's &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Web driver+java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poi&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JXL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestNG &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AUT Reporter&#xA;i don't have Main Method.&#xA;Runnable jar able to run on any system which has jdk.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Why I need runnable jar? i need it for deployment to client who has only jdk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T04:41:41.277" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T05:35:59.983" Title="How to Create &quot;Runnable jar&quot; file for deployment?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-03-29T16:58:15.797" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17596" CreationDate="2016-03-16T10:10:59.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your question is &quot;Who is a tester&quot; my answer will be &quot;anyone who does tests&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you are asking who &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; be a tester, it will depend on the team resources, abilities and strategies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When team members have different abilities, maybe the easier option is assigning someone the tester role and making him/her accountable for test assets. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the other hand, homogeneous teams can have a rotating tester role. The main benefit of having a different person creating tests for each sprint is that everyone on the team will become aware of testing activities and when they return to the developer role they will make their code more robust and testable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another option for homogeneous teams is not having a tester role, but allocating a 15-20% of everyone's time to testing activities. Similar benefits, but it is important to decide who is going to test what. It's preferable not to test each one's own code to get more defects detected sooner, because we usually become &lt;em&gt;blind to our own errors&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, big projects with many scrum teams often create a cross-wise team dedicated only to QA and integration activities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9180" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T10:10:59.073" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17596" CreationDate="2016-03-16T10:39:15.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile teams are cross-functional teams. They estimate their work from design to delivery often on a story based level. This includes the testing work, since testing should be part of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://guide.agilealliance.org/guide/definition-of-done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt;. One of the most popular Agile frameworks Scrum has no dedicated testing role. Everyone is named member of the Development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#team-dev&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Scrum guide&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Individual Development Team members may have specialized skills and&#xA;  areas of focus, but accountability belongs to the Development Team as&#xA;  a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I think anyone in the team should be able to execute the test the work. Keep in mind Agile is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/an-iterative-waterfall-isnt-agile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;not mini waterfall&lt;/a&gt; where all the testing is postponed until the end, executed by a certain discipline. Keep in mind a lot of team functions like this. Still do not postpone testing until the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having someone with a QA background in the team is a great plus, now this person can share his knowledge with the rest of the team and get everyone on a high quality level. If not the whole team is up to the task at this moment, try some &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pair_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pair testing&lt;/a&gt; until they are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qualities to look for are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team player&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At-least basic programming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Passion for quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User centric view (instead of technical) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and of-course experience with testing software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe read following book: &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://agiletester.ca/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T09:31:08.003" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T09:31:08.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-16T11:27:36.950" Score="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;They cannot be 100% sure of a bug free system. They can increase their confidence that the system is bug-free by use of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_program_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;static analysis&lt;/a&gt; and testing. Some people advocate &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebugging&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bebugging&lt;/a&gt; as a way of estimating how many bugs remain in a system. There are at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/16165/6752&quot;&gt;least two forms of static analysis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the system goes wrong then it goes wrong. There are assorted methods to reduce the impact of failures. Having code that checks for consistency and then abandoning a transaction or even restarting a process or the entire system is common One way of doing this uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assertion_(software_development)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;assertions&lt;/a&gt;. To ensure systems restart after some types of failure &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watchdog_timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Watchdog timers&lt;/a&gt; are frequently used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T11:27:36.950" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-16T13:19:21.140" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All non-trivial software has bugs.&lt;/strong&gt;  Risk is part of life.  It is foolhardy to attempt to remove all possible risk, because in the process, you introduce the risk that you will accomplish nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if your algorithm and your implementation are perfect, your software does not live in a vaccuum: it depends on compilers, interpreters, libraries, operating systems, and other systems over which you have little or no control.  On top of that, people need to use, configure, and manage your software in prescribed ways that you have probably not communicated adequately.  &lt;strong&gt;Any Operations person will tell you that everything your system depends on is buggy, imperfect, and only sometimes reliable.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may reply, &quot;I live in a world where none of those things are my responsibility.  All I care about is eliminating all bugs from my software.&quot;  If that's really true, congratulations, and I hope you are still in business a year from now.  More likely, those things are your problem too.  Your customers/users do not care whether your system is broken because of a faulty algorithm or a poorly communicated configuration setting.  &lt;strong&gt;If your job is to improve quality, your time may be better spent looking at this bigger context&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to accomplish things, to get things done, you cannot eliminate all risk.  Instead, you need to &lt;strong&gt;manage risk&lt;/strong&gt;: to make trade-offs between how likely something is to go wrong, how much damage that thing will do, and how you recover from it.  People who are good at building things that last -- including entire businesses -- get to be really good that that.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-16T20:16:40.673" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T20:16:40.673" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-16T13:45:17.030" Score="28" Body="&lt;p&gt;NASA's Software Assurance Technology Center at Goddard once did a test to see how few defects they could get in some code for the shuttle. After a truly rigorous and vastly, vastly expensive process, with multiple levels of review, using very small functions to minimize the risk in each, they managed to get it down to 1 defect per 10,000 lines of code (might've been 100k, I forget). This is, to this day, held as the most defect-free code ever written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their ultimate decision was that this mode of software production was not useful or usable to anyone on the planet: they couldn't write all their code like this, nor even all their mission-critical code, and even after the huge financial and time investment in perfectionism, they only managed to reduce the defects, not eradicate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, they never again developed code to this standard, as it simply was not economical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Edit: &lt;em&gt;I am wrong.&lt;/em&gt; In comments, @Benjaminssp provides a link ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fastcompany.com/28121/they-write-right-stuff&quot;&gt;http://www.fastcompany.com/28121/they-write-right-stuff&lt;/a&gt;) showing that the SATC &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt; continued in its efforts towards zero-defect code, and has achieved an error rate that looks to be about 2 errors per MLoc - this is frankly mindblowing to me, but they show that it can be achieved! However, I feel my point still stands, though greatly weakened: even NASA cannot get &lt;em&gt;complete&lt;/em&gt; freedom from defects.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So: if you attempt to reassure a developer that their software is 100% defect free, then the developer will typically ask for another QA person. The best you can say is &quot;Your code performs to spec, for the inputs we have tested it with, which achieved 100% code coverage... assuming our tests are correct.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always remember that your testing code itself will have a few defects per thousand lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17266" LastEditorUserId="17266" LastEditDate="2016-03-16T17:03:44.007" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T17:03:44.007" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17621" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-16T14:20:46.247" Score="1" ViewCount="2244" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to drag to drop an element from a frame to a non-frame.&#xA;I know this is a repetitive question in StackOverflow, but I did not get any correct answer for the same question. Requesting your help on the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code used:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;public class DragDropIframes {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.msn.com/en-in/&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.className(&quot;adcontainer&quot;)));&#xA;        WebElement drag = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;adcontainer&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement drop = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;cde&quot;);&#xA;        driver.switchTo().frame(0);&#xA;        Actions a1 = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        Actions a2 = a1.clickAndHold(drag);&#xA;        a1.build();&#xA;        a2.perform();&#xA;        driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;        Actions a3 =a1.moveToElement(drop).release(drop);&#xA;        a3.perform();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error message:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: UnknownError: Cannot release a button when no button is pressed.'UnknownError: Cannot release a button when no button is pressed.' when calling method: [wdIMouse:: up]&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 343 milliseconds&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16986" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T07:09:41.627" LastActivityDate="2019-01-04T02:12:23.173" Title="How to use drag and drop across frames in Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-16T14:26:45.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think manual testing is rated as it is: A tedious, repetitive process, that can be partially avoided with automation. You don't need to know automation to be a good QA, but you need to push it in your team to be a good QA in my opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You seem to want to be promoted..What I would expect from a Head of QA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Push for automation, because it saves time and gives you a feeling of security.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know how to prioritize. This does not mean the typical bullshit everyone says, &quot;I'm good at prioritizing&quot;, it means knowing when you can deploy even if there's a bug, or if you have to tell other people, we're not releasing, we have a situation here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Very good comunication skills. To me this means being consise, write tickets / tests that are easy to understand. Able to talk to both devs and non-devs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Very good understanding of your product, including the technical part. Or ability to do so&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The skills I list are very general, but I don't think you need special skills to be a good QA lead. &lt;strong&gt;You need to be someone other people can trust&lt;/strong&gt;, because product quality should be in your hands: You know the product, its problems, and you're able to communicate them and prioritize what will be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5028" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T14:26:45.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-16T16:33:53.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think anyone can guarantee their software to be bug-free without lying to you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is something called formal verification where one can get a proof of correctness. When a piece of software is defined as &quot;correct&quot; in formal verification, that means the software conforms to the specifications that are set to it. See: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_verification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_verification&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a simple state machine with two states: &lt;code&gt;on&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;off&lt;/code&gt;. The specification for this state machine is that it can only go from &lt;code&gt;on&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;off&lt;/code&gt; and vice-versa. In other words, there should not be any loops on either &lt;code&gt;on&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;off&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a formal verification system, you can model your state machine and have a search space for every possible initial condition. For this example: the initial condition can be &lt;code&gt;on&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;off&lt;/code&gt;. From here, you can search the search space for both starting conditions to verify that there is no string of events possible that will break your specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: This is &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; the same &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17272" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T16:33:53.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-16T17:22:03.403" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software isn't fault free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When dealing with mission critical software, sure, you need to invest a lot more in quality assurance, and you need the best developers you can get, and you need to get them all the fancy tools and use them (including picking the best language for the job). With all that, you're still going to get bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main solution is basically a form of defense in depth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Redundancy is a great thing. In widest sense, you want multiple independent systems that use multiple separate ways to get to the same answer. This way, if some path fails, you'll notice the error, and you will have a way to choose the correct answer, if you're lucky. This is used everywhere from the Shuttle to Nuclear power plants, and not just with software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also need to understand your failure modes. There might be a failure that doesn't have any long-reaching effects - that's a pretty mild failure. If there's a temporary issue that causes your program to crash &quot;safely&quot;, restarting might be good enough. In many mission critical scenarios, this is perfectly fine, especially combined with redundancy above. If there's a possibility to corrupt saved state in a way that cannot be resolved with a restart, or if the same error can cause your system to fail repeatedly in a scale that doesn't fit the mission requirements, you're in way more trouble. The worst case of all is a silent failure - basically, something went wrong, but it didn't raise any alarms. This can cause long-term corruption of the data, and quite a bit of harm before being detected. Again, see redundancy above. There's a bit of overlap between the different failure modes - for example, a probe that did a longer burn than expected might be discovered as soon as we get the data back (light is slow), but by then it might have already been lost. Still, you want to &lt;em&gt;know&lt;/em&gt; about failures, so silent failures are often very ugly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unsurprisingly, mission critical systems tend to be rather expensive for both development and deployment, and they have many additional constraints and usually a limited speed (for example, you may have three different algorithms cross-checking each other, but one of them is faster than others and so you could get a faster result by only checking that one). As always, engineering is about trade-offs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17274" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T17:22:03.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17609" CreationDate="2016-03-16T17:47:46.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am expecting it as not an issue, in my experience most of the times few tests fails on bulk execution and they will pass on individual execution. May be its sort of sync issue, i hope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think its due to large suite then you can split it into multiple suites and call those in different builds as you are using Jenkins. If you are using multiple VMs/Machines then each build on different VM or slave with different suites, helps to complete execution in much less time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16968" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T03:24:05.567" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T03:24:05.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17609" CreationDate="2016-03-16T18:05:29.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With the caveat that this answer isn't Selenium specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You aren't necessarily doing anything explicitly wrong by having a 'large' number of tests running in one suite. For example for back end testing some of the suites I run have millions of test cases. One notable test suite I support has over 200 million tests as part of it's run(Granted this is back end testing, data driven and not in selenium).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, a very important but, we don't run all 200 million in parallel because testing has to exist, for the most part, in the real world and very few systems can even run that many tests at once let alone support that many actions being tested against them at once. I don't see you running these in parallel so I'm assuming that you are indeed running these in serial. Even so, a large number of serial actions against a product, system or site can impact performance in a way that can cause test failures. Additionally your tests may be interacting with each other in unexpected ways (changing the expected state behind the scenes.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of things you can do here to narrow down your issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the same tests always fail when run in the larger test suite? If yes then you potentially have a couple of culprits:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try changing the order of your tests. Try to narrow down if your tests are not truly atomic and automated. This should help you identify the case where a specific test or tests are impacting other tests unexpectedly. It's worth pointing out, if your tests are doing what they should this could be a bug in the system itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try spacing out your tests by adding waits. It's possible that a specific test is putting your system under load and causing issues. Spacing out actions can assist in identifying whether this is a specific test problem or a larger load problem. This leads nicely into...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The thing you are testing may not be capable of handling the load you are sending it. If you are testing in a staging environment the load expectations may be much lower than a production environment. If you are testing your production environment you may have specific actions that decrease your system's performance. You may just be hitting it too hard or too fast.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Typically speaking, Selenium is not a tool for testing load or performance and if load/performance are getting in the way of functional testing you should rate limit your tests in some way to see if this improves the results of your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your tests may be doing actions behind the scenes that cause issues. If you authenticate, for example, every time you do an action you could be unintentionally causing very high load for your tests. Actions that make sense to be memoized(that aren't under test, that are expensive, whose data doesn't change over the course of your test, and that you use often) should have their data chached in some way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally - this may be an underlying bug that occurs when disparate actions are performed against your product. The best way to catch something like this would be to identify the components of your test suite that trigger this (if test X always fails, figure out how many or what other tests can repeatedly cause this.) Bugs like this are very difficult to find and even harder to prove, you may (while keeping this issue in mind for further triage and research) have to do any of the steps above to test the individual functionalities of your product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12009" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T18:05:29.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-16T19:19:11.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everybody keeps repeating that all non-trivial programs have bugs. That just shows how far from mature is software engineering as a field of study, and how &lt;strong&gt;big gap there is between computer science&lt;/strong&gt; (solving theoretical problems right way) &lt;strong&gt;and software engineering&lt;/strong&gt; (solving practical problems in a practical way).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is whole body of research on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_verification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;formal program verification&lt;/a&gt; - which whole point is &lt;strong&gt;to prove that program is right&lt;/strong&gt; (has no bugs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar question was asked at math SO &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/476959/why-cant-programs-be-proven&quot;&gt;Why can't programs be proven?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer is: yes they can be proven correct but is is &lt;strong&gt;a lot&lt;/strong&gt; of work. I recall that &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edsger_W._Dijkstra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dijkstra&lt;/a&gt; wrote simple OS and proven it works according to requirements but I cannot find a link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Programs &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; be assured that they are bug free, if they will be proven by design (derived from requirements). Hardly anyone is doing it in commercial application because of the cost. It is cheaper to deal with the bugs than derive program (and prove it correct).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course testing cannot prove absence of bugs, only their presence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-03-16T19:19:11.217" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10463" CreationDate="2016-03-17T01:10:29.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is switching to jUnit an option?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With jUnit and the surefire plugin for maven, you can can start your tests with a parameter that will restart your testcase in case it failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;mvn -Dsurefire.rerunFailingTestsCount=5 test&#xA;where 5 is the maximum number of restart on fail accepted until it will generate an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;more info can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/components/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/rerun-failing-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://maven.apache.org/components/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/rerun-failing-tests.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17287" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T01:10:29.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-17T03:05:48.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug Free is a term that is thrown around loosely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am aware of one proven &quot;bug free&quot; product ever created, the seL4 microkernel.  Someone managed to do an automated proof of the software which demonstrates that, if compiled by a standards-conforming compiler, the microkernel would function as described in its API documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;High reliability software&quot; strives to get close to bug free.  They rely heavily on things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Restriction of language features to those which are most easily verified&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Strong peer review process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rigorous testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you approach higher levels of reliability, you may also find that the needs of your particular field start to specify particular behaviors which must be more reliable than others.  For example, I have seen software which needed to be resilient against random bit flips in memory.  As a result, in some especially critical locations, they used a 32-bit word for a boolean, and carefully structured the values, neither of which was zero, to have certain properties that made it easier to detect bit flips.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, the limit for ultra high reliability software is the hardware it runs on.  As you approach that limit, reliability is better gained by mitigating hardware unreliability, rather than trying to develop software which works more reliably on ideal abstract machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14945" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T03:05:48.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17634" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-17T07:46:20.583" Score="7" ViewCount="2594" Body="&lt;p&gt;An &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SDLC&lt;/a&gt; explains how an item of software can be defined, modeled, developed, tested, released and supported.  The SDLC is split into any number of phases, depending on the methodology used (Waterfall, SCRUM, etc.).  Each phase will contain activities, some of which are test-related.  One of the activities is generally called Code Review, which is where developers check the code that has been written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have an industry-standard definition of the term 'Code Review'? I was wondering if anyone has come across an 'official' (e.g. ISO) definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17296" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T00:24:33.360" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T11:30:42.560" Title="Is there an industry standard or good practices for the code review activity?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17635" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17636" CreationDate="2016-03-17T08:39:04.537" Score="1" ViewCount="5390" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to spy objects of drop-down menu as I need to get &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/15809/how-to-open-an-item-in-java-menu-using-qtp&quot;&gt;it's descriptors for descriptive programming&lt;/a&gt;. As soon as I click the Spy button, the drop-down menu is hidden.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to spy drop-down menu in QTP/UFT?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T07:35:33.323" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T14:55:26.610" Title="How to spy drop-down menu in QTP/UFT?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17635" CreationDate="2016-03-17T08:39:04.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt; key is used to temporary disable spying, so one could perform preparatory operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you sould do the next steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Object Spy button &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zHQYs.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zHQYs.png&quot; alt=&quot;Object Spy button&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hold &lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt; key&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expand the menu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release the &lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt; key &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spy menu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can check here &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/15809/how-to-open-an-item-in-java-menu-using-qtp-uft&quot;&gt;how to code select action for drop-down menu in UFT&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T14:55:26.610" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T14:55:26.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17637" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-17T09:10:46.330" Score="-1" ViewCount="258" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are migrating our legacy product to new product with database changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have following questions :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What process should we follow ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are major risk factors?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if we found blocker or critical bugs after migration?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can we take Automation help in there? and if Yes then How?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any available software for migration testing ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question is not about how to test migration process. This is about how can we test application is working fine after complete migration process.Doing testing with Functional , Non functional etc.So we can compare old and new application both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some how this question feels to broad for some users. Please give me any related answer which are best of your knowledge so I can start working on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-03-19T05:53:46.057" LastActivityDate="2016-03-19T05:53:46.057" Title="What strategy should follow for Testing after complete data migration process?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;testability&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17634" CreationDate="2016-03-17T09:17:21.240" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about the definition as on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_review&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Code review is systematic examination of computer source code.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the main added value of code reviews is knowledge sharing and not finding defects. That's why I would like to add a bit of more text, how about this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Code review is systematic examination of computer source code with the goal of sharing knowledge and minimizing defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://smartbear.com/resources/ebooks/best-kept-secrets-of-code-review/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Best Kept Secrets of Peer Code Review&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href=&quot;https://smartbear.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SmartBear&lt;/a&gt; I really think the lightweight &lt;strong&gt;checklist-based&lt;/strong&gt; code review they describe is a good fit for a standard for code-reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The checklist-based code review works a bit as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programmer reviews his/her own code. Puts any found mistakes on a checklist and dates the last occurrence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use this same checklist to check each line of code of other programmers, update the occurrence field when you find an issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use part of checklist of team members as a team checklist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure the list does not become to long, max 20 items&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time-box code review sessions, with a max of one hour&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After a while remove items that stop occurring from the checklist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you always have an list of issues the team members are making. They can learn from each others mistakes. If used correctly the team will stop making the same mistakes over time and thus can remove items from the checklist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dLTF8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dLTF8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T08:04:12.537" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T08:04:12.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17641" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-17T10:27:32.710" Score="3" ViewCount="945" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to access SSL-protected site with invalid certificate (unknown issuer). I followed instructions and configured Firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.setAcceptUntrustedCertificates(true);&#xA;profile.setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer(true);&#xA;EventFiringWebDriver driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(new FirefoxDriver(profile));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I keep getting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An error occurred during a connection to somedomain.com. SSL&#xA;  peer was unable to negotiate an acceptable set of security parameters.&#xA;  Error code: SSL_ERROR_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE_ALERT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The page you are trying to view cannot be shown because the authenticity of the received data could not be verified.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using FirefoxWebDriver 2.48.2 with Firefox 45. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am doing wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T11:55:53.920" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T18:38:18.637" Title="Firefox WebDriver fails to accept untrusted certificates" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17487" CreationDate="2016-03-17T11:30:55.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In all honesty, I would write the automation in the same language as the product under test. I find this reduces the barrier between dev and qa (in environments where the roles are separate). Furthermore, you can easily pull in the code under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I'd recommend keeping the code in the same repo if at all possible to ease versioning pain. Ideally, you would make these tests part of the actual project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you did go with Java, I can recommend the libraries Rest-Assured and Restito. I love these libraries when testing against APIs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17303" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T11:30:55.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-17T11:41:58.540" Score="0" ViewCount="276" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi All My Team is developing website on &lt;strong&gt;Angular_Material_Version_1.4&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;I would like to perform &lt;strong&gt;cross browser testing&lt;/strong&gt; which includes Different Browsers &amp;amp; there version, is there any specific guidelines for cross browser testing with angular material design..??&#xA;What &amp;amp; How should I decide the minimum &lt;strong&gt;version &amp;amp; its type of Browser&lt;/strong&gt; for testing.&#xA;thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T13:05:57.433" Title="Cross Browser Testing for Website built in Angular Material" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-17T12:05:09.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are in the business of producing safety critical code, which I am, you learn how to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write and interpret proper requirements (most bugs are caused by requirements)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write code following international coding standards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test your code rigorously; syntax, coverage, error handling, graceful degradation and many others&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integrate your code rigorously&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;refactor mercilessly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;conduct reviews&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test it again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;follow correct practices; planning, versioning, reviews, bug reports...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keep testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many tools available for all these things. You can go on lots of courses. You use consultants if you don't know the answer. It's not impossible. Of course you never find all the bugs, but you can make sure your software doesn't kill anyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience safety critical software takes about twice as long to produce as the other stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16376" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T12:05:09.813" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-17T16:03:09.003" Score="1" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;Facing issue while recording using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ibm.com/bs-en/marketplace/rational-functional-tester&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RFT&lt;/a&gt; in mozilla firefox browser.. not able to enable environment for mozilla, even after installing RFT enabler for firefox. &#xA;Getting errors like: Record resume pause failed. no script insertion point defined.&#xA;Record stop failed (CRFCN0779E: Script bieng recorded cannot be saved)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me solution and the procedure how to enable mozilla along with all versions of java used.. please&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17319" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T09:09:42.147" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T09:09:42.147" Title="RFT: Facing problem while recording while using Mozilla" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;rft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17650" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17987" CreationDate="2016-03-17T16:49:41.710" Score="3" ViewCount="455" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement to &lt;strong&gt;manually&lt;/strong&gt; test the way in which our websites perform across a range of bandwidth and hardware specs.  The testing will be manual, as there are a number of subjective factors that need to be monitored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Historically, I've used Fiddler and Chrome Dev tools to simulate bandwidth issues and (I think) it was WinThrottle I used back in the day to hamper CPU performance but that's now extremely out of date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any applications that you use, or have used, that you'd recommend to simulate a low performance set up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm primarily testing on Windows based devices, although testing on Linux and Macs would be a bonus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastEditorUserId="6686" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T15:42:11.327" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T15:42:11.327" Title="Bandwidth / CPU throttling for manual testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17651" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-17T17:30:08.693" Score="2" ViewCount="15798" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need xpath for the below script where i need to store the number 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-4&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-8&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;small class=&quot;stat-label&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;a style=&quot;color:#fff;&quot; href=&quot;www.mywebsite.com&quot;&amp;gt;Customers&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is the same code is used in three other places also. The only change in other places are the href url and the name (eg: Customers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int customCount = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='col-xs-8']/h1&quot;)).size(); [But firepath highlights in other places also and gets some other value]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='col-xs-8']/small [Again highlights in other places]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyway to get the number 3?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16629" LastEditorUserId="16629" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T17:39:34.817" LastActivityDate="2018-06-30T21:54:34.830" Title="Need to get the value from h1 tag" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17651" CreationDate="2016-03-17T17:41:34.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't use Xpath. Locate element by tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement header1 = driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;h1&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-03-17T18:54:49.587" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T18:54:49.587" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17637" CreationDate="2016-03-17T18:05:30.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are doing some kind of ETL of legacy data into a new system, then there are two main things to worry about. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First that the ETL logic is wrong, you do not bring over all records you meant to or the transformations are not done correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second that there is some kind of problem that causes a data loss. For instance that the source DB cannot handle all of the requests being made against it which causes queries to time out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test the ETL logic then you can model the states the data could be in that the logic triggers on, and then create that data and verify that it transforms as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test how the system handles load, then you can create a lot of source test data and then compare the number of records in the new system to the expected number after the ETL has been run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find a problem after the migration then you really only have two choices. Try to fix the problem in the destination side or fix the code and re-run the migration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have automated the ETL logic testing I described above, but I didn't use an existing tool or framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T18:05:30.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17651" CreationDate="2016-03-17T19:24:14.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Found a way to locate locate and display guys:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First i had to locate it properly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='col-xs-8' and ./small/a/text()='Customers']/h1&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now i had to store the number 3 so that i can display or can compare it. So i used WebElement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement e = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='col-xs-8' and ./small/a/text()='Customers']/h1&quot;));&#xA;e.getText()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the problem was i needed an integer and i stored the value as a string. So i had to convert the string to and integer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int customCount = Integer.parseInt(e.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the above thing works perfectly. The customCount has value 3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks everyone for helping me out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16629" LastEditorUserId="16629" LastEditDate="2016-03-18T03:54:53.760" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T03:54:53.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17487" CreationDate="2016-03-17T20:02:14.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hopefully the Developer teams know their responsibilities i.e. having high test coverage at Unit and Integration level (Test pyramid). Assuming that, you can focus on high level testing i.e. end2end testing and contract testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contract Testing: A very good practice in micro-service architect.There are some solution for it. One of the most suitable one is a consumer-driven contract testing called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pact&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If possible, keep your Test Automation in the same repo since you may&#xA;need Mocking/Stubing plus versioning can be tricky. Also staying in the same repo &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; be a help for you CI/CD pipeline.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a look at Microservice testing by &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;M.Fowler&lt;/a&gt;. It gives good idea about different layers of Micro service testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T20:02:14.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17033" CreationDate="2016-03-17T21:31:13.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It helps to be specific when you talk about Spring because it encompasses &lt;a href=&quot;http://spring.io/projects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a number of projects&lt;/a&gt;. It is well-known as an MVC framework, but it can make sense to use it even if you are not developing a web application.  In particular, if you need to use libraries that depend on Spring, the easiest way to use them may be to use Spring, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, when something goes wrong with Spring, it can be notoriously hard to debug.  If you are inexperienced with Java, you may be better off staying away from Spring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-03-17T21:31:13.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-18T02:22:26.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started as a programmer and stayed that way for many years, until I was appointed to a QA lead position.  I had already known how to write Unit Tests as a developer and knew the proper methodology to apply.  I started the QA team and taught the Manual testing team the exact same principles as I had learned as a programmer.  They did a great job and the team was very well received. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As more and more web applications came into play there were many calls for more and more automation.  For me it was a natural fit and provide a depth career wise that was sorely needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My belief is that the QA person of the future is an embedded member on the programming team who is fluent in writing automated tests and collaborating directly with the development team on what they are working on now (as opposed to dumping it onto the QA team later).  Developers appreciate and need immediate feedback on their work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T02:22:26.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-18T07:43:26.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no such a fault free software. Actually, there's one...it's your Hello World program, but you know it, nobody uses such program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that said, there's no way to remove all defects from application. However, there are practices to help prevent or detect problem as much as we can such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirement analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test driven development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17315" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T07:43:26.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-18T10:04:21.727" Score="3" ViewCount="288" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in a software engineering department consisting of several development teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The department is mature in most agile methods except automated testing as we have old manual testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have lots of legacy software which needs to be automatically tested and also we want to auto test new features as part of our definition of done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, what process would you suggest. This is what I have proposed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create user stories for all the legacy features which needs to have automated tests written and put them in the backlog&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Include automated testing writing as part of new user stories' definition of done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is some resistance as people don't want to automate test all new features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5322" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T11:44:49.430" Title="How much automated testing should we do?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17659" CreationDate="2016-03-18T11:13:54.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your suggestion addresses how to add writing an automated test as a work item in your Agile process, but does not recognize that some tests should never be automated.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to understand and address your team's objections to automating everything.  Some of those objections may be legitimate.  For example, some automated tests may require so much maintenance that the benefit will not justify the expense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The right answer is probably a combination of manual and automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest this process.  First, choose a small pilot project to help you evaluate testing frameworks and estimate levels of effort.  After that, decide which manual tests would be the most valuable to automate, and prioritize that work by level of effort. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decide on a way to measure the benefit of your automated tests, e.g. testing time saved. Measure how long you spend writing and updating your tests, too.  At Google, if an automated test's benefit  does not justify its cost, they delete the test.  Pruning ineffective tests should be part of your process too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T11:13:54.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17659" CreationDate="2016-03-18T11:38:53.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This greatly depends on your release cycle, true Agile teams should try to release as often as possible. An Agile release cycle could be from a couple of times per day to at-least once a month. Having a lot of manual testing effort before you can release will slow you down. Thus you will want enough automated testing coverage to be confident to release often without slow manual testing sessions. Try to automate as much as possible if you want to iterate as fast as possible with your users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a Legacy system I would write automated test coverage for all new features and indeed make it part of the &lt;em&gt;definition of done&lt;/em&gt;. Also start writing an automated test for each defect found in production as these are the brittle parts. Then identify the high risk functionality and start writing test coverage for these parts also, maybe put this in the backlog. Slowly the whole application will have basic automated test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not create a test backlog for everything, just for what you envision you want to test on the short-term. This because the ammount of work might look like an never ending story. It is possible that the test suite will make you feel confidant even without all the possible test-cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resistance is logical. Mostly because the return on investment seems low. See that you automate time consuming tests first. Also I suggest the older manual testers read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile testing&lt;/a&gt; book or do let them do the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agile-tester.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Certified Agile Tester training&lt;/a&gt; to let them get a better understanding of the importance of what &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allaboutagile.com/lean-principles-2-build-quality-in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;build quality in&lt;/a&gt; means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test pyramid&lt;/a&gt; and decide wisely where you and how much effort you put in automated testing. Preferable more in unit-tests than in UI testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-18T11:44:49.430" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T11:44:49.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="239" CreationDate="2016-03-18T13:56:33.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When CSS and ID are unique go for it, however, when the above two approach does not help in resolving finding unique nodes, then do not be shy to use &lt;strong&gt;'relative xpath'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;relative&lt;/em&gt; xpath&lt;/strong&gt; w.r.t to a marker in the html section of interest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use wild card features of xpath, always w.r.t marker &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use functionality that xpath engine provides e.g contains, text ..&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep the relative xpath short. hint: A relative xpath may contain &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a marker + a wild card     &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a marker + relative path to wild card+ wild card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reference:&lt;/em&gt;&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/xpath,-css,-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/xpath,-css,-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;More hints:&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;If relative xpath are used, and if relative xpath are &lt;em&gt;readable&lt;/em&gt;, which it should, because we are finding location on html using xpath w.r.t a marker, &lt;em&gt;then&lt;/em&gt;, the xpath engines in all browsers  &lt;strong&gt;are good enough&lt;/strong&gt; to resolve them, in the year 2016.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;of course, there could be some performance issue but there is no way, the current xpath engines would fail in any browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Additional info:&lt;/em&gt; &#xA;Relative xpath are as simple as or similar to, navigating folders relative to a current folder, on a command console or bash&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Bad practice:&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;Asking developers to provide additional ids or distinct css (just) for testing could appear simpler, but it will pollute the front-end code base with markers thats used only for QA. On a long term, its not the correct approach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testability of app counts, however make sure, one has explored all the options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Circumstances when CSS and ID may not helpful:&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;When a javascript package, example extjs used, then the html generated in those cases, selecting unique elements based on CSS may result in multiple nodes from 10's to 100's. Also, IDs change based on extjs updates and based on browser (Strange case, but true)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@michael durrant: provides a nice and a very simple example of case: when css is better or equivalent to xpath and when it comes to question of 'readability'. Of course, 'absolute xpath' should not be considered as it gets long. I have been insisting only on 'relative' xpath throughout above&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8648" LastEditorUserId="8648" LastEditDate="2016-06-14T13:11:24.880" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T13:11:24.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16698" CreationDate="2016-03-18T14:19:40.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@class='item']//*[.='Logout']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keep it simpler, if there is are no text 'Logout' in any other class of type item, then above xpath would work. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No div or any other element provided &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8648" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T14:19:40.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18030" CreationDate="2016-03-18T15:26:09.237" Score="2" ViewCount="1336" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly I would like to point out that I'm a beginner when it comes to selenium so I apologise if this is not presented appropriately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to incorporate data driven testing into my ui_automation project. Our product validates data and returns various information about said data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have incorporated both csv and excel utilities to achieve this and currently have a @test that loops through 12 possible login attempts and then asserts against the result in the excel sheet (if login was successful or not). Now all the tests pass but it treats all the individual tests (the different rows of possible combinations and assertions) as one big test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is I could potentially have hundreds of rows of data going into similar loops later on, should one fail the test case fails as a whole (which is not an issue) but how do you determine which record it was that failed so it can be quickly debugged or raised as a defect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking of maybe an event listener that waits for assertions fail and then I could produce some sort of Log message but I dont know if this is effective and more to the point WebDriverEventListener does not contain a method for 'assertionFail' so that felt like a brickwall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be great if there was a magic wand for this but I was just hoping there were some valid solutions you guys had that at least let me know it was possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have included my loop code basically I want it to treat each loop as a sub test of the main test if its possible and get some sort of acknowledgement as to which test fails that is readable to a fellow QA team member that will view things from a high level point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void loginValidationTest() throws Exception {&#xA;    cellRow = 2;&#xA;    str = ExcelUtility.getCellData(cellRow, 0);&#xA;    while(str != &quot;End of Data&quot;){&#xA;&#xA;        login.setUsernameTB(ExcelUtility.getCellData(cellRow, 1));&#xA;        login.setPasswordTB(ExcelUtility.getCellData(cellRow, 2));&#xA;        login.clickLoginBT();&#xA;&#xA;        str = ExcelUtility.getCellData(cellRow, 4);&#xA;        if(str.equals(&quot;Y&quot;)){&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(&quot;Login Unsuccessful&quot;, login.assertSuccessfulLogin());&#xA;            dashboard.clickLogoutBT();&#xA;        }else{&#xA;            by = By.xpath(ExcelUtility.getCellData(cellRow, 5));&#xA;            login.waitForElementToBeVisible(by);&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(&quot;Login Successful&quot;, login.getElement(by).isDisplayed());&#xA;            login.clearLoginBoxes();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        cellRow++;&#xA;        str = ExcelUtility.getCellData(cellRow, 0);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance (and sorry for the shabby coding).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17348" LastEditorUserId="17348" LastEditDate="2016-03-18T15:44:31.990" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T17:16:13.847" Title="Selenium: Isolating Assert Fail in Excel Data Driven Loop" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-18T16:31:19.030" Score="2" ViewCount="335" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our live website team works only on hot fixes, so there is no need for a backlog. We integrate our JIRA with ZenDesk and support agents can escalate these website issues into JIRA directly, but the problem is that these issues go to the backlog, and there doesn't seem to be any way to assign them to a sprint using the ZenDesk integration. It is tedious to have to go into JIRA for every issue and move it to the backlog, and most of our agents don't even have access to JIRA so it slows down the entire process of getting website issues fixed. Is there a way to auto push items from the backlog into the sprint, or do just do away with the backlog entirely for a single project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17351" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T12:30:44.647" Title="Automatically Move Backlog to Sprint JIRA" Tags="&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17667" CreationDate="2016-03-18T17:56:09.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/agile/glossary/kanban-board&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kanban board&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; instead of the Sprints version. Just &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/agile/jira-agile-user-s-guide/creating-a-board&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;create a new board&lt;/a&gt; in your project and choose Kanban.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is that the Kanban board shows all project issues in the first todo column. This first column is then your backlog. You are still free to rank the issues with drag-and-drop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This removes the need to drag issues into a Sprint, but you can use the Jira boards features and workflows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T17:56:09.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17671" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17672" CreationDate="2016-03-18T18:06:49.827" Score="1" ViewCount="925" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a page on which jQuery is loaded, using WebDriver and ChromeDriver. I'd like to use some jQuery selectors, particularly the &lt;code&gt;:contains()&lt;/code&gt; pseudo-selector for finding a node based on the text in that node. However, when I try to pass selector strings that use jQuery selectors like &lt;code&gt;:contains()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;:has()&lt;/code&gt; into WebDriver's &lt;code&gt;By.CssSelector()&lt;/code&gt; method, WebDriver throws an invalid argument exception. I thought that ChromeDriver just passed the CSS selector through to the underlying browser. Can anyone explain exactly where this is going wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17249" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-18T18:16:52.913" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T18:20:01.960" Title="Why can't I use jQuery selectors from WebDriver's CssSelector if jQuery is loaded on the page I'm testing?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17671" CreationDate="2016-03-18T18:13:46.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Selenium uses its own implementation, based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://sizzlejs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sizzle&lt;/a&gt;, as describe in &lt;a href=&quot;http://sauceio.com/index.php/2011/01/why-jquery-in-selenium-css-locators-is-the-way-to-go/comment-page-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/guide/usage/selectors.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this one on WebdriverIO&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaScript Executor&lt;/a&gt; to use jQuery to find elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;script = &quot;return $('&quot;+selector+&quot;').get(0);&quot;&#xA;element = webdriver.execute_script(script);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code example from &lt;a href=&quot;http://serebrov.github.io/html/2012-08-02-selenium-webdriver-element-by-jquery-selector.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt;. Update it for the programming language you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rajchel.pl/2014/07/finding-elements-jquery-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here is an example in Java&lt;/a&gt;, which also injects jQuery if it is not yet loaded by the website itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-18T18:20:01.960" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T18:20:01.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2016-03-18T21:37:00.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; bias (Director of Community at Applause) but this question is just too spot on to pass on answering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In December we relaunched &lt;a href=&quot;http://uTest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;uTest.com&lt;/a&gt; to become the, &quot;LinkedIn of Testing&quot;. In doing so we've created a professional community of 200k+ software testers where members can learn, network, share and/or find paid projects, which sounds like it aligns with what you're looking for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best,&#xA;Matt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9159" LastActivityDate="2016-03-18T21:37:00.820" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-03-18T21:37:00.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17675" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17677" CreationDate="2016-03-19T04:23:40.087" Score="8" ViewCount="312" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently laid off from my 5-years-long tiny telecommute-based server admin / full stack software dev job almost exactly a month ago. Exactly one week ago I interviewed for a job at a small post-startup company for the position of Java Developer, and on my first day at the job my supervisor announced to everyone that I would be starting the QA team. I have no formal experience with being the &quot;QA Guy&quot; but do have extensive but fragmented experience with unit testing and functional testing. At my last company I was the only employee, and the most of my QA was just telling my boss to check out new features or bug fixes. I've read a bit about creating QA software testing plans and strategies but I've never formally been &quot;that guy.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TLDR: Any tips for someone creating a QA department from scratch with no formal QA experience at a small software company whose products still trying to learn everything about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17361" LastActivityDate="2016-03-20T23:14:37.937" Title="Interviewed as Java Dev but Hired as Lead QA. No QA experience. What do I do?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17261" CreationDate="2016-03-19T09:53:33.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file contains all the information you need to get to the bottom of an issue. Check it on both master and slave nodes and take necessary steps to fix it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also JMeter default configuration is not suitable for running 1000 threads (or if you have 2 slave machines - 500 threads), you will need at least increase &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13150_01/jrockit_jvm/jrockit/geninfo/diagnos/garbage_collect.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java Heap space&lt;/a&gt; option by default only 512Mb are allocated to Java virtual machine which hosts JMeter process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Locate the following line in JMeter start-up script (&lt;code&gt;jmeter.bat&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;jmeter&lt;/code&gt; in &quot;bin&quot; folder)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HEAP=&quot;-Xms512m -Xmx512m&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And change &lt;code&gt;-Xmx515m&lt;/code&gt; value to be ~80% of your total available physical RAM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;9 Easy Solutions for a JMeter Load Test “Out of Memory” Failure&lt;/a&gt; for more JMeter performance and tuning tips and tweaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T07:49:57.893" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T07:49:57.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17675" CreationDate="2016-03-19T12:43:09.863" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of this is not that different from what a newly hired software developer would do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Learn how the company makes money&lt;/strong&gt;.  Understand what problem the product solves, how people pay for it, how it's deployed (do you ship it or do you host it?).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduce yourself to everyone&lt;/strong&gt;.  You can generate a lot of goodwill by taking the initiative to introduce yourself to everyone and asking what they do.  You don't have to go into great depth about it, but knowing what everyone does at a high level will help when you have questions later.  And you will need that goodwill, because eventually you will ask some of those people -- particularly the developers -- to do things that they may not want to do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand the product at a high level&lt;/strong&gt;.  Ask a senior person to whiteboard the product for you.  Understand the big components, how they communicate, and which ones are the most important in terms of making money for the business.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Read the documentation&lt;/strong&gt;.  There probably isn't much documentation, but read whatever is available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try out the product for yourself&lt;/strong&gt;.  Some products are easier to try out than others, but do what you can.  Take notes about parts that you can't try out, because those are probably hard to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dig around in the bug-tracking system&lt;/strong&gt;.  If there isn't a bug tracking system, set one up ASAP.  If there is one, look through the bugs.  Find areas that tend to be buggy.  Find areas with lots of backlogged bugs.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ask about quality problems&lt;/strong&gt;.  Ask several people, because you may get different answers.  Ask developers.  Ask managers.  Ask a customer support person.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find out what kind of testing happens now&lt;/strong&gt;.  What areas get tested, and what areas don't?  What's hard to test?  What doesn't get tested enough?  How are things tested: how much manual, how much automated, what tools, what's documented, what's just done from memory?  How long does it take to test the whole thing?  How long does a release tend to take to test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you learn more, you will start to get a sense for what should change about how software is tested.  For some things, the only change will be that &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; will do the testing.  Here are some things you might decide to do, in no particular order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Write tester-oriented documentation.&lt;/strong&gt;  You might write test cases, or high-level documentation, or something else.  Writing things tests what you understand, and it helps the people you hire, too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Think about automation&lt;/strong&gt;.  You're a software developer, so you have a sense for how to write software to test software.  There are testing tools available that  you may not have used as a developer, e.g. Selenium for UI testing and JMeter for performance testing.  You probably want to know what they do, but you don't necessarily have to use them.  That will be driven by priorities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start a list of things that you would like to change.&lt;/strong&gt;  Your status as a newcomer to the company (and to QA) gives you a tremendous advantage: you have a perspective that no one else does, and you don't take for granted that how things work today is how they ought to work.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an endless list of other things, but you will figure them out as you learn.  If something doesn't seem right, make a note of it.  As the list grows, you may get a sense for what other resources you need, whether it's tools, staff, or time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-20T23:14:37.937" LastActivityDate="2016-03-20T23:14:37.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17675" CreationDate="2016-03-19T13:09:07.217" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Any tips for someone creating a QA department from scratch with no formal QA experience at a small software company whose products still trying to learn everything about?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll pass on some tips but first let me ask: were you announced as QA without any discussions beforehand?  This may be of concern if this reflects the way the organization / your manager works.  Think hard about whether you want to spend some of your career there.  There are a lot of other opportunities right now if you search.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, given that, I would recommend the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn and become a champion of Best Practices in Quality Assurance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on actual users and how they interact with the software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on 'sad' paths (e.g. forms with errors) as software developers will tend to have most of their focus on the happy path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are using an Agile development process, study &quot;Agile Testing - a practical guide for testers and agile teams&quot; a modern, fantastic book on how to do QA and testing within an agile environment.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/agile-testing-book-is-now-out/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lisacrispin.com/agile-testing-book-is-now-out/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about Usability.  In the US refer to&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usability.gov/what-and-why/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.usability.gov/what-and-why/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For web pages, learn about accessibility, Section 508 (if USA) and WC3 recommendations.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/standards/webdesign/accessibility&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/standards/webdesign/accessibility&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn the personalities of the developers and figure out how to provide positive feedback suggesting improvements rather than negative feedback that can be perceived (correctly or not) as criticism.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn the business domain that you are in and what the objectives are of the company that you work for and what &quot;quality&quot; is perceived to mean to senior management.  This can vary from higher revenue to increased customer base to increased customer satisfaction with daily use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn about the 4 quadrants of testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Integrated   Performance&#xA;&#xA;Unit         Exploratory&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn about the triangle of testing whereby a few high level feature UI tests are supported by hundreds or thousands of individual unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     UI&#xA; Integrated&#xA;Unit Testing&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure there is an easy way for QA to log bugs in the issue tracking system and that QA has the authority to do this.  Issues logged should then be reviewed, for example (Agile) during a weekly sprint review.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be passionate and extra persistent in the following areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intermittent bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;usability issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;best practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will often need to focus on the long term for these issues and will need to continually make the case for them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be involved in the whole process, including design, review and regular status meetings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aim for embedded quality from the start.  This means pairing with developers on test plans, using static analysis tools and pushing quality initiatives while coding.  Think Quality Engineering through the process rather than Quality Assurance manual testing once it is all written and baked in and changes are much more expensive (take time, meet resistance, etc.).  Explain this distinction to the team.  My experience is that most organizations are still viewing Quality in the Quality Assurance sense, not Quality Engineering.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about the company the products and the industry&lt;br&gt;&#xA;see &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/17677/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/17677/8992&lt;/a&gt; for great details.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-19T13:40:56.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-19T23:43:03.163" Score="2" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does page factory affect on performance for test execution when we have a lot of   elements  with &lt;code&gt;@FindBy&lt;/code&gt;? We use Java as a programming language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17369" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T13:03:01.810" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T12:16:26.093" Title="Page factory performance" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="239" CreationDate="2016-03-20T00:07:29.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used both css and xpath locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally the first tool of choice is css.  The syntax is more compact, there are additional functions both basic for all browsers and advanced for some.  There is also less of a tendancy to use a browser function (say from right-click) or tool that provides an xpath for copying that includes the entire page structure which will change over time.  To be specific, using css tends to lead to selectors such as &lt;code&gt;span[name='cars']&lt;/code&gt; rather than &lt;code&gt;//body//div/spn/span/table/tr/tr/tr/td/td/td/td/span[@name='cars']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My second choice is xpath for special circumstances.  Once I needed to find an element and then 'back up' several same level elements and xpath seemed the only way to navigate around the DOM that way, i.e. relative addressing.  However the selectors tend to have more characters making the intent harder to read. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than syntax, both approaches present similar challenges as to the best way to identify elements in ways that guarantee uniqueness but don't make tests brittle and easy to break by being hard-coded to the current page layout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly element ID's can be great for a simple and unique (f programmed correctly) way to identify elements.  This requires coordination with developers and can then be leveraged by both css and xpath selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The supposed performance advantage of xpath seems largely refuted by &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/32-xpath-vs-css&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/32-xpath-vs-css&lt;/a&gt; showing a very minor improvement, and if ignoring Opera, basically none.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The article also makes a point that css tends to reflect how developers name objects themselves which makes them easier to maintain when both use the same approach.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;css also supports wildcards for attributes such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;begins with class&quot; &lt;code&gt;class^=&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;ends with id&quot; - &lt;code&gt;id$=&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;name contains text - &lt;code&gt;name*=&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-26T19:46:14.550" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T19:46:14.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-20T10:08:09.720" Score="0" ViewCount="265" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you know any application that is similar as Selenium, both commerical and open source?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you recommend me any application except Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9176" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-20T10:21:31.613" LastActivityDate="2016-03-20T13:07:01.827" Title="Is there a similar tool to Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-03-21T14:17:27.910" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17613" CreationDate="2016-03-20T12:10:04.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Fault free programs exist, but they require bugixes as well&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is logical and coherent, but it's based on a wrong assumption &quot;You see there are no fault free programs, because bugfixes are being continuously made for any program&quot;. In reality &lt;strong&gt;a fault-free program still can cause problems and might require bugfixes&lt;/strong&gt;. The program can be 100% validated to get only expected results, but you can't expect all the possible results in a real environment, nevertheless some of these results remain more desirable than others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;An example: 2 + 2 = ?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#include &amp;lt;iostream&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;void main()&#xA;{&#xA;    int result;&#xA;&#xA;    result = 2+2;&#xA;    std::cout &amp;lt;&amp;lt; &quot;The answer is &quot; &amp;lt;&amp;lt; result;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This program seems too simple to be bugged. However, there are still two potential problems to be fixed. What exactly? Try to figure out it yourself before reading the anwser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The answer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one is that our program isn't standards-compliant. &lt;a href=&quot;http://c-faq.com/ansi/maindecl.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ANSI/ISO Standard C&lt;/a&gt; actually requires main() to return a value. This is primarily a maintainability and compatibility issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second one is a functional issue though. Being launched from the command line in Unix it returns &quot;The answer is 4&quot; without a newline character:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;~/program&#xA;The answer is 4$ _&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interaction with other programs, that relies on that, can cause problems. As you can see, it isn't about exception handling, it is about possible differences between desirable and actual results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code after all the bugfixes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#include &amp;lt;iostream&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;int main()&#xA;{&#xA;    int result;&#xA;&#xA;    result = 2+2;&#xA;    std::cout &amp;lt;&amp;lt; &quot;The answer is &quot; &amp;lt;&amp;lt; result &amp;lt;&amp;lt; '\n';&#xA;    return(0);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17378" LastEditorUserId="17378" LastEditDate="2016-03-20T12:21:07.650" LastActivityDate="2016-03-20T12:21:07.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17681" CreationDate="2016-03-20T13:07:01.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not much that is really well known, but there are a few things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://alternativeto.net/software/selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://alternativeto.net/software/selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17303" LastActivityDate="2016-03-20T13:07:01.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17120" CreationDate="2016-03-20T20:45:58.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your script is using a different browser session. Have the script log in using your username and password on the log in page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a pre-existing account then navigate to a log in page, input the username and password, then click the login button. If you always explicitly log in, then you do not have to worry about your credentials expiring or something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastEditorUserId="17323" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T18:31:23.080" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T18:31:23.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17614" CreationDate="2016-03-20T22:30:14.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Eclipse IDE, it provides an option to Export as JAR/Runnable JAR. Please follow below steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From the menu bar's File menu, select Export.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expand the Java node and select Runnable JAR file. Click Next.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select a 'Java Application' launch configuration to use to create a&#xA;runnable JAR.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the Export destination field, either type or click Browse to&#xA;select a location for the JAR file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select an appropriate library handling strategy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you can even export as a JAR and use Launch4J to run as Win application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2016-03-20T22:30:14.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17117" CreationDate="2016-03-21T00:59:09.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The website itself should not matter much which technologies were used from the front end UI points of view, however there will be differences behind the scenes depending on languages and frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would make the following distinction in terms of a programming position:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;White box testing.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is testing the functions and code used to build the application behind the scenes, frequently using similar languages.  If it's built in Ruby on Rails it's using Ruby and quite likely using rspec for unit tests and capybara if there are UI tests.  So you'd want to up up on those technologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Black Box Testing.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is testing the final product, usually the web site.  This sort of testing doesn't care what languages the backend uses other than some estoric patterns that languages and frameworks sometimes have for mistake but these are subtle.  One example: Ruby on Rails where forms that flip between states can have issues and also error reporting can be wring if incorrectly assembled.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Instead, black box testing focuses on what the end users is trying to achieve and the functionality they wish to see, regardless of the methods used to assemble it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T00:59:09.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17614" CreationDate="2016-03-21T05:35:59.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per your question I understood that you are not using maven.So you are running the scripts based on your testng.xml file.So you can use this code in to separate class with main method. So that you are able make RunnableJar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestListenerAdapter tla = new TestListenerAdapter();&#xA;TestNG testng = new TestNG();&#xA;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; suites = Lists.newArrayList();&#xA;suites.add(&quot;c:/tests/testng1.xml&quot;);//path to xml..&#xA;suites.add(&quot;c:/tests/testng2.xml&quot;);&#xA;tng.setTestSuites(suites);&#xA;tng.run();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this solution works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T05:35:59.983" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17120" CreationDate="2016-03-21T07:48:48.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium / Webdriver creates a new session/profile and starts a new clean browser for each test run. This means each Selenium session runs in a clean browser and any logins on other browsers windows are not re-used or valid. The reason for this is to test in isolation and prevent unexpected behavior of cookies, etcs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you are trying to-do is also a bit of a bad practise, since your tests now become depended on a manual step, namely loggin into facebook/gmail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/25886647/1088584&quot;&gt;this answer on SO&lt;/a&gt; it is possible to use a RemoteWebDriver and hijack and existing browser sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.Uri uri = new System.Uri(&quot;http://localhost:7055/hub&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(uri, DesiredCapabilities.Firefox());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also have a look at this blog: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.binaryclips.com/2016/03/selenium-web-driver-in-c-how-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.binaryclips.com/2016/03/selenium-web-driver-in-c-how-to.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T08:34:29.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17692" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-21T09:01:20.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Capybara is a web-based &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test automation&lt;/a&gt; software that simulates scenarios for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_stories&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;user stories&lt;/a&gt; and automates &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;web application&lt;/a&gt; testing for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;behavior-driven&lt;/a&gt; software development. It is a part of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumber_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cucumber testing framework&lt;/a&gt; written in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruby programming language&lt;/a&gt; that simulates various aspects of a web browser from the perspective of a real user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretending to be a user, it can interact with the application to receive pages, parse the HTML and submit the forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T14:55:56.020" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T14:55:56.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17693" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-21T09:01:20.937" Score="0" Body="Capybara is a web-based test automation software that simulates scenarios for user stories and automates web application testing for behavior-driven software development. It is a part of the Cucumber testing framework written in the Ruby programming language that simulates various aspects of a web browser from the perspective of a real user." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T14:55:52.817" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T14:55:52.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17596" CreationDate="2016-03-21T09:21:14.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile, both the development &amp;amp; testing tasks are done collaboratively, but there is an exclusive tester for exhaustive testing sake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exclusive tester can also involve in &lt;strong&gt;development&lt;/strong&gt; which is called pair programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developer writes the &lt;strong&gt;tests&lt;/strong&gt; which is called unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence except from product owner and scrum master everyone are termed as Developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T09:21:14.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14028" CreationDate="2016-03-21T09:41:59.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can run Appium test case via Android studio but first you need to configure Appium in Android Studio. To do that please refer my blog for step by step explaination with screenshots and you can download the necessary files &lt;a href=&quot;http://qaautomated.blogspot.in/2016/01/setting-up-appium-with-android-studio.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;from here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17389" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-06T07:07:25.637" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T07:07:25.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17697" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17706" CreationDate="2016-03-21T10:13:34.193" Score="0" ViewCount="3825" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to do write a test a case for a website that takes in the Java code , compiles it and runs it.&#xA;However, while writing the test case , the text-area that takes input did not have all the characters. I saw it was missing '(' and '!'.&#xA;I tried using the uni-code characters as well as ascii characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is code snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   textarea.sendKeys(&quot;public class HelloWorld{public static String greet&quot;);&#xA;            textarea.sendKeys(&quot;\u0028&quot;+&quot;\u0029&quot;);&#xA;            textarea.sendKeys(&quot;{ return &quot;+&quot;\&quot;hello world&quot;+&quot;\u0021&quot;+&quot;\&quot;;}}&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output: &quot;}}public class HelloWorld{public static String greet){return &quot;hello world&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also believe '!' is making cursor to move to starting position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17391" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T13:54:03.877" Title="How to send key '(' and '!' to Selenium Web Driver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17697" CreationDate="2016-03-21T11:19:10.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might be worthwile to look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/Keys.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source code for the Java KEYS class&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The characters you mentioned aren't readily available there, but you could implement any other character in a similar fashion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of how to use the Keys class is found in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1629053/typing-enter-return-key-in-selenium&quot;&gt;this StackOverflow thread&lt;/a&gt;. Of course, you can concatenate the Keys enum with string literals, as in your example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T11:19:10.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17699" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-21T11:22:56.440" Score="3" ViewCount="2699" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a task to check presence of the favicon on the page. How to do it?  I use Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made in the same way, addressed according to the link  &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://my_site.com/favicon.ico&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://my_site.com/favicon.ico&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, and later I checked for existence of a faviсon on this page (also I pulled out an element), but not on main page and my test passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17390" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T14:55:09.880" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T14:55:09.880" Title="How to make a test of favicon in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17702" CreationDate="2016-03-21T11:36:05.893" Score="3" ViewCount="926" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a beginner, what is the best way to practice software testing/QA skills? I've been reading books (Kaner, Myers, Bach) and reading blogs but none of those gave me practical preparation for what I wanted to do, so I am asking you. How do I get my hands dirty with software testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17396" LastEditorUserId="41012" LastEditDate="2020-11-09T12:03:01.647" LastActivityDate="2020-11-09T12:03:01.647" Title="QA/testing training and practice" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17699" CreationDate="2016-03-21T11:38:32.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You won't be able to get the favicon with Selenium you would have to use another program to grab it. The only way you would be able to get it is if your website rendered the favicon.ico as a link such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;link rel=&quot;shortcut icon&quot;&#xA; href=&quot;http://example.com/myicon.ico&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However typically websites just store the favicon.ico in the root directory and on page request the browser retrieves it and drops it in the address bar or tab or wherever favicons are used. If this is how your favicon is rendered then there will be no code or anything to search for with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the above code while it does work has some buggy support for IE7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T11:38:32.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17700" CreationDate="2016-03-21T11:58:28.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There will be longer and doubtless more complete answers but I think that if you understand the core principles of testing, you'll be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Know what the product is supposed to do.  Determine if it does it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the product supposed to achieve.  Does it achieve it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are the Golden Rules.  Everything else can be thrown away apart from those.  Question two is actually the most important but you can usually only answer it after evaluating question one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to get to grips with testing?  Well, you're lucky - there are opportunities to practice everywhere.  Think of the next thing you're going to do and break it down using the two simple rules above.  Assume that you're going to want to post a reply to this message...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Know what the product is supposed to do.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The web site should allow you to post a message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your comment should appear as a follow up to mine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you start:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I use a reply function?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it capture the text I enter?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it posted as a follow up item?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the complete message posted?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it posted as it was typed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;What is the product supposed to achieve.  Does it achieve it?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you've finished, has the tool allowed you to reply to me?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;..and that's it.  Regardless of the various methods for determining what should do what and ways of handling issues when it doesn't, the core approach never, ever changes.  When it doubt, fall back on those questions and you won't go far wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T12:20:45.480" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T12:20:45.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17699" CreationDate="2016-03-21T12:01:57.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.  There are three cases to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The page does not have a favicon.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The page has a favicon by virtue of a &lt;code&gt;favicon.ico&lt;/code&gt; file located in the website's root but does not specify the favicon in HTML.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The page specifies a favicon using a &lt;code&gt;link&lt;/code&gt; element in HTML.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium cannot distinguish between cases (1) and (2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; check for case (3) the same way you would check for any other element, e.g. using a XPath selector.  For example, if your &lt;code&gt;link&lt;/code&gt; looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;link rel=&quot;shortcut icon&quot; href=&quot;http://example.com/myicon.ico&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you might check for that element with an XPath like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//xpath[@rel='shortcut icon']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favicon#How_to_use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;favicon page&lt;/a&gt; has a list of other ways to specify the &lt;code&gt;link&lt;/code&gt; element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-21T13:39:15.450" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T13:39:15.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17700" CreationDate="2016-03-21T13:08:26.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do one of these things to get your hands dirty:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Install the firefox extension for the seleniumIDE &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&lt;/a&gt; and starting writing test cases right now.  Automate a google search for cars to get started.  Click on the first result.  continue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use GhostInspector &lt;a href=&quot;https://ghostinspector.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://ghostinspector.com/&lt;/a&gt; (free version) to write some simple test cases that exercise some web pages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pick a language and test frameworks, for example Ruby, RSpec and Capybara, look for some basic examples and write a simple test case, e.g. a google search. Requires basic programming knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main knowledge you will need to focus on is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manipulating an editor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;identifying web page elements uniquely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;thinking about how a user will do a task&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using browser inspector tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real programming stuff comes after you are comfortable (have practical experience) in all that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T13:08:26.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17697" CreationDate="2016-03-21T13:54:03.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to require basic understanding of Java. Java have some inbuilt functionality for converting this type of character.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import &lt;code&gt;import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringEscapeUtils;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;textarea.sendKeys(&quot;public class HelloWorld{public static String greet&quot;);&#xA;textarea.sendKeys(StringEscapeUtils.unescapeJava(&quot;\\u0028&quot;) + StringEscapeUtils.unescapeJava(&quot;\\u0029&quot;));&#xA;textarea.sendKeys(&quot;{ return &quot; + &quot;\&quot;hello world&quot; + StringEscapeUtils.unescapeJava(&quot;\\u0021&quot;) + &quot;\&quot;;}}&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explanation :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;code&gt;sendKeys&lt;/code&gt; is taking only string or character sequence arguments. So as per java definitions we have to pass value like that. &lt;code&gt;StringEscapeUtils.unescapeJava(&quot;\\u0021&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; convert value into java string. Please refer this question for more information. &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2126378/java-convert-string-uffff-into-char&quot;&gt;Further Information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know If you have found any problems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T13:54:03.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17707" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17708" CreationDate="2016-03-21T16:07:07.433" Score="0" ViewCount="1698" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test that the color of java table row has changed to some specific value. But till now I see no solutions of getting this property.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's assume that &lt;code&gt;jTableObj&lt;/code&gt; is OR or DP representation of &lt;code&gt;JavaTable&lt;/code&gt; object. So the next code works fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jTableObj.GetCellData(0,1)    'returns cell data e.g.: &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;Blah-blah...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get color of row/cell?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T22:35:44.643" Title="How to get color of java table row/cell with QTP/UFT (java swing application)?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17707" CreationDate="2016-03-21T16:07:07.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The next code solves the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set cellRender = jTableObj.Object.getCellRenderer(0,1)&#xA;&#xA;' background color '&#xA;cellRender.getBackground().toString()&#xA;    ' returns: &quot;javax.swing.plaf.ColorUIResource[r=255,g=255,b=255]&quot; '&#xA;&#xA;' font color '&#xA;cellRender.getForeground().toString()&#xA;    ' returns: &quot;java.awt.Color[r=255,g=255,b=180]&quot; '&#xA;&#xA;' font name, style, size '&#xA;cellRender.getFont().toString()&#xA;    ' returns: &quot;java.awt.Font[family=Tahoma,name=Tahoma,style=italic,size=11]&quot; '&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T08:22:35.880" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T08:22:35.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2414" CreationDate="2016-03-21T16:44:28.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This selenium webdriver tutorial explains how to click a link by its href:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingexcellence.com/click-link-href-value-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingexcellence.com/click-link-href-value-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2563" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T16:44:28.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17710" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-21T17:25:48.790" Score="1" ViewCount="1255" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in process of evaluating &lt;a href=&quot;http://galenframework.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Galen&lt;/a&gt; as UI automation framework. I am blocked at one point where Galen is unable to give correct results in case of padding around an element. This is the sample DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div id=&quot;div1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: yellow; height:200px; width:500px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div id=&quot;div2&quot; style=&quot;padding-left:15px; padding-right:15px; background-color: red; height:100px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;TEST CONTENT&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My spec file reads as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@objects&#xA;    div1    //div[@id=&quot;div1&quot;]&#xA;    div2    //div[@id=&quot;div2&quot;]/h2&#xA;&#xA;= Personal Tab =&#xA;    @on desktop&#xA;        div2:&#xA;            inside div1 15px left right&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On running the test the failure message reads something like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div2 is 0px right instead of 15px&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read one of the posts which suggested to use CSS properties using selenium. I do not want to use this method. Instead if there is anything provided by Galen would be useful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any clues what can be alternative to solve the puzzle ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16651" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T08:50:40.410" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T01:47:09.890" Title="verify element padding using Galen Framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17142" CreationDate="2016-03-21T18:44:11.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is better to use ids than XPath because XPath changes as elements are moved around the page, making your tests more fragile. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you see what the server is actually doing? Are you on the page you think you are or is it redirecting you? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have had failures when clicking elements that had other elements overlapping them, I had to scroll the page slightly to fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you use a different browser altogether?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T18:44:11.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17700" CreationDate="2016-03-21T18:55:23.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might help if you narrowed your focus. Learning how to test websites is useful if you end up testing websites, but not so much if you are testing embedded systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest kind of testing is to compare the system under test to the specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is much more difficult to find ambiguities in the spec itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it would be helpful to troll a bug database (like for an open source project) and see the difference in the quality of the bugs. You can get a sense of what information is actionable and what is not. If a developer asks the reporter for more information, then that is the type of information that would have been helpful in the original bug.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T18:55:23.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17700" CreationDate="2016-03-21T19:36:36.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The responses so far cover testing an application but not the processes that should be followed by the testers which is the QA part you are asking about. The best way to understand QA is to start reading up on different types of methodologies out there (current keyword for processes would be Agile) and understanding how those processes fit around the types of testing you would be implementing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17398" LastActivityDate="2016-03-21T19:36:36.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15722" CreationDate="2016-03-22T00:32:17.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you run your tests from the perspective of ComponentX?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Figure out all possible equivalence classes for inputs and then validate the expected outputs (or lack of output) of ComponentX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T00:32:17.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17710" CreationDate="2016-03-22T08:19:18.347" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the padding is the space inside div. When the rendered look like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mosyh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mosyh.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the sample HTML, I'd write my test to verify &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are three objects; &lt;em&gt;div1&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;div2&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;h2&lt;/em&gt;. In your code, you define &lt;em&gt;div2&lt;/em&gt; object name to &lt;em&gt;h2&lt;/em&gt; actual object. It's confuse. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;div2&lt;/em&gt; is fit inside &lt;em&gt;div1&lt;/em&gt;, the top left right is 0px. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;h2&lt;/em&gt; is inside &lt;em&gt;div2&lt;/em&gt;, the left is 15px. The right is apparently not 15px, I might not put it to the script. If you want to, you can do a math.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore the code will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@objects&#xA;div1    //div[@id=&quot;div1&quot;]&#xA;div2    //div[@id=&quot;div2&quot;]&#xA;h2      //div[@id=&quot;div2&quot;]/h2&#xA;&#xA;= Personal Tab =&#xA;    @on desktop&#xA;        div2:&#xA;            inside div1 0px left right, 0px top&#xA;        h2:&#xA;            inside div2 15px left&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have Galen installed to verify my answer but I think it could help. :) Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastEditorUserId="3126" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T01:47:09.890" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T01:47:09.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17718" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18208" CreationDate="2016-03-22T13:15:09.777" Score="0" ViewCount="1072" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Load Runner for Calculating Response time on Web pages. Now, i am planning to test Android applications through Load Runner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried by using TruClient but i cant connect to Server Port. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how to test Android Application on Load Runner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="17409" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T06:46:21.273" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T16:28:25.983" Title="how to test Android appplication in LoadRunner?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17719" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17730" CreationDate="2016-03-22T13:26:59.533" Score="0" ViewCount="2269" Body="&lt;p&gt;i am on Beginning stage in SELENIUM. Now, i am trying functional testing on selenium web-driver. &#xA;As driving EXCEL data is very essential on functional testing, i am struggling a lot in this are. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to use Excel data? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T15:20:18.170" LastActivityDate="2016-03-27T02:40:48.897" Title="how to use excel data with selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-03-23T16:22:33.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17720" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17742" CreationDate="2016-03-22T13:46:06.927" Score="0" ViewCount="487" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing data masking of information like credit card no's, bank accounts etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data masking or data obfuscation is the process of hiding original data with random characters or data.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What approach/strategy should I use while testing it. The values are not getting masked in Database application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Credit card no: 5453-4444-5555-7777 will become ****7777... any no of random chars in front of the string?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17400" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T15:26:20.827" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T21:59:44.043" Title="Test strategy for testing Data Masking?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17722" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-22T14:49:02.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;RSpec is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;behavior-driven development&lt;/a&gt; (BDD) framework for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruby programming language&lt;/a&gt;, inspired by JBehave. It contains its own mocking framework that is fully integrated into the framework based upon JMock. The framework can be considered a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;domain-specific language&lt;/a&gt; (DSL) and resembles a natural language specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T01:27:26.713" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T01:27:26.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17723" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-22T14:49:02.310" Score="0" Body="RSpec is a behavior-driven development (BDD) framework for the Ruby programming language, inspired by JBehave. It contains its own mocking framework that is fully integrated into the framework based upon JMock. The framework can be considered a domain-specific language (DSL) and resembles a natural language specification." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T01:27:29.777" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T01:27:29.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17724" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17726" CreationDate="2016-03-22T18:00:51.810" Score="2" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to design and implement tests for a project. In order to be able to re-use and automate the tests within several frameworks and tools (mostly for integration, functional and acceptance testing), I implemented specialized tests components, each used to perform actions and checks on specific functionalities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, supposing an application working as follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Receive JMS messsage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform some business processing on these data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write data on external system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insert processed data in database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, Write a file on an archive server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll have one or more 'helpers', configured according to the environment, performing test actions with functions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;feedMessage()&lt;/em&gt; : send the JMS message to be consumed by our application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;checkDataWritten()&lt;/em&gt; : check data are correctly written on our external system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;checkDataInserted()&lt;/em&gt; : check the processed data has been inserted in database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;checkFileArchived()&lt;/em&gt; : check the archive file has been created properly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And other functions to prepare and finalize my test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test is then usable with various tools and context (using TestNG, JMeter, JUnit, etc.) without rewriting logic twice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it viable/maintainable on the long term to implement a specialized test component for each functionalities? Isn't my test code/framework a &lt;em&gt;parallel&lt;/em&gt; application in the end, which should be tested as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17421" LastEditorUserId="17421" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T10:53:16.173" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T11:54:55.773" Title="Implementation of specialized testing component" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17724" CreationDate="2016-03-22T18:11:03.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it's a parallel application, but the thing that tests it is the code under test.  Assuming you have a spec that you're writing for (Which you do, even if it's not written down), then the code under test is the implementation of that spec.  The test framework is there to validate that the code under test is a correct implementation of the spec.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if the two match up (i.e., test cases don't fail), then, at least for what you've written test cases for, you can be reasonably sure that the code is correct, and that the test framework is correct as well.  If they don't match up, and you have test case failures, then either the test framework is correct, and there's a defect in the code under test, or the code under test is correct, and there's a defect in the test case.  (Or they're both incorrect, which is possible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T18:11:03.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17724" CreationDate="2016-03-22T18:46:24.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it viable/maintainable on the long term to implement a specialized test component for each functionalities? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great question.  Automated tests work best when the implementation of the SUT (system under test) is subject to change but the interfaces that your test relies on remain the same.  None of us can tell you whether you chose the right interfaces.  If you remain on this project long enough, you will be able to answer that question for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Isn't it a parallel application in the end, which should be tested as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume by &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt; you mean the system you are testing, not the test code itself.  Yes, you may also want to test multiple operations taking place in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your parallel test fails, the first thing you will ask yourself is, &quot;Does the single-threaded test pass?&quot;  So even if you write a parallel test, you still want the simpler, single-threaded version.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are contemplating a multi-threaded test, think about your goals, because they may lead your toward a different test design.  For example, in my experience a performance test tends to be implemented differently from a multi-threaded functional test.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5389/looking-for-open-source-java-based-tool-for-performance-testing/5390#5390&quot;&gt;Another SQA question&lt;/a&gt; discusses this idea in more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; OP says &lt;em&gt;it&lt;/em&gt; meant the test code. Yes, once your test framework is complicated enough, you will want tests for it too.  Some other SQA questions on that theme are &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/646/testing-of-automated-scripts&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3337/how-to-test-the-test-scripts&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T11:54:55.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17700" CreationDate="2016-03-22T19:03:51.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you want to learn and work on real projects at the same time, Take a look at utest, you learn and get paid at the same time&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Starting with utest&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Navigate to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.utest.com/getting-started&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.utest.com/getting-started&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a full tester account and go through the beginner instructions and course material. Especially the Code of Conduct and Non-Disclosure Agreement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Never reveal at any point, including to other testers, the company you are working on a product for, never reveal the product itself or information that would lead someone to identify the particular product you are working on. I can tell you for example that I work for utest, and I have worked on mobile entertainment apps before, but I cannot reveal the name of the companies, nor the specific app, including getting into specifics that would allow you to determine exactly which app I have worked on based on our conversation.&#xA;There are many courses freely available to get your started as well as specific course tracks you can take.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the different types of testing are grouped into the following categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load &amp;amp; Performance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Localization&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each category, you get rated on your performance over time, based on the quality of your work, the level of your participation, your standing against other testers in the same areas of testing, and a multitude of other factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may start off slow, only getting offers for smaller testing cycles. This is fine though, honestly you get from it what you put into it. Some people I know moved up very quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You start off in each area as &lt;strong&gt;“Unrated”&lt;/strong&gt;, but as you complete more cycles and work on more projects, the better you do, the faster you will increase your tester rating. Eventually you will progress from unrated to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Proven&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bronze&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Silver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gold&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bronze&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Silver&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Gold&lt;/strong&gt; are when you get actual badges. With each badge you obtain, you will begin to notice that you will receive invites more often, the opportunity to work on larger projects with larger clients, and with the potential for larger pay (each badge comes with certain bonuses). Also, Never discuss payment amounts either as part of the NDA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have completed the basic readings and some recorded webinars (some live) on how to report a bug, what makes a good bug, what is the difference between a bug and what you “think” should be a feature, when and when NOT to dispute bug rejections, and other useful information, the next step is taking the new tester 101 quiz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have read and understand the materials, this is very easy to pass and just demonstrates your understanding of the basics on how the platform works and what is expected of you as a tester (especially understanding the Code of Conduct and Non-Disclosure clauses). The company is extremely professional and expects all of its testers to be as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you have passed the 101 test, you would be ready to start getting invites for paid test cycles. Before you even do that, you might get an invite to the &lt;em&gt;Sandbox test&lt;/em&gt;.  This is a real, unpaid testing scenario that allows you to get your feet wet with actual testing, and also allows the company to see if you have the qualities for a good tester (&lt;em&gt;Attention to detail, reading and following testing instructions to the letter, and other qualities described in the how to be a good tester material&lt;/em&gt;). It also gives you the opportunity to see if software testing is for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you get invited to the Sandbox, DO NOT decline under any circumstances.  It will reflect poorly on you, but also, passing the sandbox test places you higher up on the list among other new testers to start getting paid invites.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The uTest Community and Social Aspects&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Although you are independent and work on testing on your own, there&#xA;is a robust social network as well. This includes forums, testing&#xA;tool reviews, Additional courses, a public profile you can use as a&#xA;resume of your accomplishments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can, and are encouraged to follow other testers profiles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can write your own articles and post them to help other testers&#xA;out. For example, an article on some good workflows that you have&#xA;discovered that saves you a lot of time and may be of help to new&#xA;testers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are required to introduce yourself in the forums so people get to&#xA;know you, and are given social rewards the more active you are in the&#xA;community (not monetary, but respect within the community itself).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers tend to be very friendly and willing to help out new testers&#xA;any way they can (but at the same time you are expected to look at&#xA;existing material on your own for answers).  Nothing in life is just&#xA;handed to you all the time, you should work for your knowledge, but&#xA;never be afraid to ask questions if you have trouble finding what you&#xA;are looking for.  I am sure if it is not already posted someplace,&#xA;other testers have the same questions you do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am certain that you will find what you are looking for by way of practical application while learning by signing up for uTest, plus you get paid jobs while learning.  Also, for a lot of projects, you get to work and play with new and exciting technology for free and get paid to do it. That alone is big perk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I hope this helps you in your endeavors as well as any other new testers looking to get their feet wet in the field. Good luck to you.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16796" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T19:03:51.727" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17728" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-22T19:20:50.960" Score="1" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how to use dev tools to monitor loads times for web pages, but what about the app itself?  In my case chrome. I have several add-ons, most of which I need like Lastpass password manager, built with, live https headers, etc... that I use for business and software testing jobs. Something is making the browser itself load up much slower than usual, but I don't want to go through the lengthy process of trial and error for each and every extension, add-on, etc...  What tool(s) can I use to find the element(s) causing my slowdown?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm on Windows 10 64-bit.  Also please advise if the suggested tools can be used for other applications as well.  Windows resource monitor is not doing it for me. I want to isolate the app, and get data on all the elements that load, if possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16796" LastEditorUserId="16796" LastEditDate="2016-03-22T23:13:24.263" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T07:56:04.107" Title="What can I use to monitor load times not for web pages, but for my browser itself to find what elements make it take so long to load?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17377" CreationDate="2016-03-22T22:16:31.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cucumber is a framework that is independent of the actual test implementation. So you can use it along with Selenium or whatever you like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are doing an end to end test you can write your tests to actually log into Wiki A, create a page/make an edit just as a user would, and then log into Wiki B also as a user for the validation. This means that the technology used to create the Wikis is irrelevant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main potential sticking point I can see is if there is a delay between an update to Wiki A and transferring the data to Wiki B, your framework would need a way to know when it was ok to do the validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-22T22:16:31.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17719" CreationDate="2016-03-22T23:45:21.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are looking for is Data Driven Test or for short is DDT. You can use Excel as external source of data for you tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you are using Python's &lt;strong&gt;unittest&lt;/strong&gt; framework to write test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First you will need to install ddt library by running:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pip install ddt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To read values from spreadsheet you will need to install another library by running:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pip install xlrd&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how you can import data from your sheet and use in your testcases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   import xlrd, unittest&#xA;   from ddt import ddt, data, unpack&#xA;   from selenium import webdriver&#xA;   def get_data(file_name):&#xA;       # create an empty list to store rows&#xA;       rows = []&#xA;       # open the specified Excel spreadsheet as workbook&#xA;       book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_name)&#xA;       # get the first sheet&#xA;       sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)&#xA;       # iterate through the sheet and get data from rows in list&#xA;       for row_idx in range(1, sheet.nrows):&#xA;           rows.append(list(sheet.row_values(row_idx, 0, sheet.ncols)))&#xA;       return rows&#xA;    @ddt&#xA;    class [Your Class Name](unittest.TestCase):&#xA;        def setUp(self):&#xA;        [Insert your setUp code here]&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    # get the data from specified Excel spreadsheet &#xA;    # by calling the get_data function &#xA;    @data(*get_data(&quot;TestData.xlsx&quot;))&#xA;    @unpack&#xA;    def test_[your_test_name](self, [your_argument_1], [your_argument_2]): &#xA;           [your test method]  &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    def tearDown(self):&#xA;        # close the browser window&#xA;        self.driver.quit()&#xA;if __name__ == '__main__':&#xA;    unittest.main()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The @unpack decorator is used to unpack spreadsheet values into multiple arguments.&#xA;The test_[your_test_name] method accepts your value arguments([your_argument_1]...), which will be mapped to the spreadsheet values by ddt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17423" LastEditorUserId="17423" LastEditDate="2016-03-27T02:40:48.897" LastActivityDate="2016-03-27T02:40:48.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17731" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-23T05:08:31.423" Score="0" ViewCount="3518" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created jar when I run on command prompt I am able to see result, what I want is &quot;&lt;strong&gt;I need to run failed test cases if there is any&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public class DemoProjectClass {&#xA;    public static void main(String[]args){&#xA;            TestListenerAdapter tla = new TestListenerAdapter();&#xA;            TestNG testng = new TestNG();&#xA;            testng.setTestClasses(new Class[] { DemoProjectClass.class });&#xA;            testng.addListener(tla);&#xA;            testng.run();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}}  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What i tried is:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar myjar.jar -cp  testng-failed.xml&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T12:20:53.007" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T12:23:44.720" Title="How to run failed test cases using TestNG?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17732" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17735" CreationDate="2016-03-23T06:33:26.573" Score="7" ViewCount="5903" Body="&lt;p&gt;what is the maximum number of threads in JMeter from a single machine? I know there is a dependency for hardware configuration. I'm using this hardware configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command: #lscpu&#xA;Architecture:          x86_64&#xA;CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit&#xA;Byte Order:            Little Endian&#xA;CPU(s):                24&#xA;On-line CPU(s) list:   0-23&#xA;Thread(s) per core:    2&#xA;Core(s) per socket:    6&#xA;Socket(s):             2&#xA;NUMA node(s):          2&#xA;Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel&#xA;CPU family:            6&#xA;Model:                 44&#xA;Stepping:              2&#xA;CPU MHz:               1600.000&#xA;BogoMIPS:              5333.19&#xA;Virtualization:        VT-x&#xA;L1d cache:             32K&#xA;L1i cache:             32K&#xA;L2 cache:              256K&#xA;L3 cache:              12288K&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest me what will be the maximum number of threads for this hardware configuration?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T08:06:08.873" LastActivityDate="2021-05-27T08:57:52.527" Title="Maximum Number of Threads in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17724" CreationDate="2016-03-23T07:13:35.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Building a testing framework means coding and if the framework is a complex one for sure you will be required to spend sometime to maintain it. Try to build your framework so that there is no dependency between components, or at least the dependence is really limited, and the final result will be a reliable system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I worked a lot on testing framework for several applications and I can clearly state that whenever you run a battery of tests and some tests fail you have to check both if the application fails or the testing fx has to be updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8852" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T07:13:35.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17739" CreationDate="2016-03-23T08:00:26.707" Score="0" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Beginner, i am performing Manual Testing very well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when it comes to automated testing, I have struggled somewhat. I have used Load Runner fairly well. i am trying to learn more about using Selenium which seems very popular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how to be excellent in automated testing?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried selenium, but have had some difficulties in checking conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can i improve my abilities as an automation tester?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is there an easier tools or approach I could use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="17409" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T06:48:42.930" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T06:48:42.930" Title="What are good automated testing resources?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-24T12:14:08.020" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17732" CreationDate="2016-03-23T08:12:23.657" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This does not only depend on the CPU of the computer, but also the operating system, memory and maybe disk IO speeds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is only one way to find out and that is to try and ramp up until either the tests are failing or the computer crashes. Be assure to use a simple site that you know it can handle more than you expect your single JMeter instance can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There have been numerous similar question on the Stack Exchange network, I suggest you read them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3528765/jmeter-max-thread-limit&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3528765/jmeter-max-thread-limit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/765101/what-is-the-highest-number-of-threads-that-is-reasonable-to-simultaneously-run-i&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/765101/what-is-the-highest-number-of-threads-that-is-reasonable-to-simultaneously-run-i&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://serverfault.com/questions/381936/how-to-know-how-many-concurrent-users-jmeter-can-start&quot;&gt;https://serverfault.com/questions/381936/how-to-know-how-many-concurrent-users-jmeter-can-start&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://theworkaholic.blogspot.nl/2009/09/running-jmeter-for-large-number-of.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This blog&lt;/a&gt; also has some good suggestion of the limits and how to handle them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="49685" LastEditDate="2021-05-27T08:57:52.527" LastActivityDate="2021-05-27T08:57:52.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17634" CreationDate="2016-03-23T09:24:21.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many styles of reviewing. Systems such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagan_inspection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fagan Inspections&lt;/a&gt; aim to find most faults. They are very expensive but they claim very good results. At the other end there is &lt;em&gt;&quot;Hey Nigel, have a quick &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/gander&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gander&lt;/a&gt; at this code please&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps every project manager has their own view on how to conduct reviews. I believe that most expect them to be quick to conduct and consume few man-hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reviewing can be viewed as a way of reducing the risk of a bad system being provided to its users. Analysing the consequences of the risks should lead to a view on how much effort will be available for risk reduction. Part of that effort will be available for reviewing. But this also means that different projects need different styles of reviewing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T09:24:21.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17732" CreationDate="2016-03-23T14:26:01.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Number of threads in thread group can be up to &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Integer.html#MAX_VALUE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;java.lang.Integer.MAX_VALUE&lt;/a&gt; which is 2,147,483,647  but in fact it depends on multiple factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amount of your total physical RAM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of Pre/Post Processors and Assertions (they all have cost)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Throughput (50 threads active 100% of time can produce the same load as 500 threads active 10% of time)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specific of the application under test (response time, response size, protocol, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow recommendations from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;9 Easy Solutions for a JMeter Load Test “Out of Memory” Failure&lt;/a&gt; article to get the most of single JMeter instance. And don't forget that JMeter can be run in &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;distributed mode&lt;/a&gt; (if one machine is not capable of generating enough virtual users you can make a &quot;cluster&quot; of several JMeter machines)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T14:26:01.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17738" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17734" CreationDate="2016-03-23T14:34:52.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There really isn't always a perfect option, but I think Selenium is a good tool to get familiar with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is the IDE which records your steps, but getting used to writing the actual Ruby code for instance will take you further in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd even look into Cucumber+Selenium and it sort of sets up the path for acceptance automated testing using BDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T14:34:52.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17734" CreationDate="2016-03-23T14:49:55.003" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;From this and from your other question about using Excel as input for Selenium, I have a feeling that you need to improve your general programming skills. If you are competent programmer, selenium is just yet another library you have to use to make your program to do what you want it to do. Not trivial, but not rocket science either (for a competent programmer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;strong&gt;do not try to find a shortcut to QA, there isn't any&lt;/strong&gt;. QA programming is just like any other programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python is widely considered as easy language to start for beginners, so maybe try that, if you started with Java or something else (Python will be easier to comprehend). There are many free online Python courses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make Google search your friend, you will use it extensively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, some people find that programming does not fit their brain, and they cannot make living by programming. And that is fine too. Some of the best manual testers I know cannot program at all, and are perfectly happy and productive. For them, knowing enough about programming to be able to talk to programmers is sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be good in test automation, you need to be competent programmer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T21:16:09.643" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T21:16:09.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17740" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-23T15:00:23.007" Score="1" ViewCount="813" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Coded UI for creating Automated test cases and have encountered an issue. There is a menu icon inside on the Homepage and clicking on this icon will expand the Left Navigation, so that user can select which page to open next.&#xA;This menu is always in collapsed state by default i.e. click is the only way to expand it and without expanding it child menu can't be accessed so this is kind of entry point for all test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Issue which I am facing is, I am not able to Click this menu icon, I used the 'DrawHighlight' method of Coded UI to see if I am able to find the icon which gives positive result, but when it comes to clicking the icon or menu it fails&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, is the HTML of the menu item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;im&quot; id=&quot;menu1&quot; style=&quot;width: 48px; height: 838px; min-height: 838px; min-width: 48px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Menu class=&quot;mainmenu&quot; id=&quot;menu1_menupush&quot; style=&quot;height: 838px; min-height: 838px; min-width: 48px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;pushmenu_inactive&quot; style=&quot;width: 280px; margin-left: -232px; min-width: 280px;&quot; data-level=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;i class=&quot;Pointer&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;            Main Menu&#xA;        &amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, I use (copy) Coded UI recorded code, it works which uses &lt;strong&gt;'Mouse.Click(UIControl, new Point(282,26))'&lt;/strong&gt;. How can I write my own logic to find and click this menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coded UI Test Builder Recorded Code&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;(This code is taken from the recorded UIDesginermap.cs file, but even if I place this code in my file, then this too doesn't work, it only works when it is copied completely from UIDesginermap.cs file)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HtmlCustom custom = new HtmlCustom(brw);&#xA;custom.SearchProperties[HtmlCustom.PropertyNames.TagName] = &quot;Menu&quot;;&#xA;custom.SearchProperties[HtmlCustom.PropertyNames.Id] = &quot;menu1_menupush&quot;;&#xA;custom.SearchProperties[HtmlCustom.PropertyNames.Class] = &quot;mainmenu&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;HtmlDiv Menu1 = new HtmlDiv(custom);&#xA;Menu1.FilterProperties[HtmlDiv.PropertyNames.InnerText] = &quot;Main Menu\r\n\r\nMain\r\n\nMain\r\n\B&quot;;&#xA;Menu1.FilterProperties[HtmlDiv.PropertyNames.Class] = &quot;pushmenu_inactive&quot;;&#xA;Mouse.Click(Menu1, new Point(282, 26));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*brw is the BrowserWindow instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HtmlDiv div = new HtmlDiv(brw);&#xA;div.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlDiv.PropertyNames.FriendlyName, &quot;Main Menu, PropertyExpressionOperator.Contains);&#xA;div.SearchProperties[HtmlDiv.PropertyNames.ControlType] = &quot;Pane&quot;;&#xA;div.SearchProperties[HtmlDiv.PropertyNames.Class] = &quot;pushmenu_inactive&quot;;&#xA;//div.DrawHighlight();&#xA;&#xA;HtmlCustom parent = new HtmlCustom(div);&#xA;parent.SearchProperties[HtmlCustom.PropertyNames.InnerText] = &quot;Main Menu&quot;;&#xA;parent.SearchProperties[HtmlCustom.PropertyNames.TagName] = &quot;H2&quot;;&#xA;//parent.DrawHighlight();&#xA;&#xA;HtmlCustom child = new HtmlCustom(parent);&#xA;child.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlCustom.PropertyNames.Class, &quot;Pointer&quot;, PropertyExpressionOperator.Contains);&#xA;child.SearchProperties[HtmlCustom.PropertyNames.TagName] = &quot;I&quot;;&#xA;//child.DrawHighlight();&#xA;Mouse.Click(child);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 1:&lt;/strong&gt; Is this Point(282,26) depends upon screen resolution or Browser? As the 'new Point(282, 26)' method of Coded UI fails sometimes (2 out of 10) which makes it little unreliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 2:&lt;/strong&gt; I am not able to figure out what I am doing wrong in my code. Why it is not able to click the Main Menu icon and what I need to correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T16:02:30.967" Title="Not able to click Left Navigation icon using Coded UI" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17740" CreationDate="2016-03-23T16:02:30.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The point is the relative offset to the found control, thus it is not depended upon screen resolution or anything. Coded UI first finds the control and then the mouse.click adds an offset, then same you clicked when U recorded it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more about it here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/mathew_aniyan/2012/03/16/faq-why-are-we-using-coordinate-based-actions-in-coded-ui-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/mathew_aniyan/2012/03/16/faq-why-are-we-using-coordinate-based-actions-in-coded-ui-test/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your second question I am not sure I can answer it based on your code, when I cannot run and debug it. Guess your searchlimiters are a bit different, then the generated code. But why do you not just use the Coded UI recorded code? Except for the InnerText (Main Menu\r\n\r\nMain\r\n\nMain\r\n\B) it looks pretty good. Just change the InnerText to a contains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T16:02:30.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17720" CreationDate="2016-03-23T16:07:26.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thought would be to use a regular expression search. For example, if you have a flat file, just grep for a credit card pattern.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a site that gives regex strings for credit cards: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regular-expressions.info/creditcard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.regular-expressions.info/creditcard.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T16:07:26.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17166" CreationDate="2016-03-23T19:59:26.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The entire CI pipeline for Wikipedia, is public. &lt;a href=&quot;https://integration.wikimedia.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://integration.wikimedia.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This includes the Jenkins instance that runs all the integration tests for the Mediawiki framework (the software that powers Wikipedia). &lt;a href=&quot;https://integration.wikimedia.org/ci/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://integration.wikimedia.org/ci/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also see coverage reporting &lt;a href=&quot;https://integration.wikimedia.org/cover/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://integration.wikimedia.org/cover/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As well as code review &lt;a href=&quot;https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/q/status:open,n,z&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/q/status:open,n,z&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2991" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T19:59:26.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17700" CreationDate="2016-03-23T20:07:49.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could participate in Weekend Testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://weekendtesting.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The explicit purpose of Weekend Testing is to provide a venue for test professionals to hone their skills and learn from each other!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2991" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T20:07:49.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17634" CreationDate="2016-03-23T20:12:34.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. Neither the ISO nor any other standards organization has produced a standardized process for code review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2991" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T20:12:34.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17747" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-23T20:52:08.603" Score="1" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to start doing some functional testing.  I tried some time ago in Java and Selenium, but seemed to run into a number of problems with configuration.&#xA;Previously I have made simple tests with Robot Framework and Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am considering both Python or Ruby. Do you recommend some tools and language with detailed tutorials.  Are there low cost books or tutorials available?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to start with a framework that required a minimum of configuration to get started&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would Python and the Robot Framework is good?&#xA;Would sikuli be suitable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17437" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T21:52:17.707" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T21:52:17.707" Title="What frameworks are good for a beginner in automated functional testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-29T15:04:12.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17747" CreationDate="2016-03-23T21:43:30.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most modern web frameworks require little to no configuration to get started for local learning and testing.  To adapt them to particular environments, databases, OS's, etc. they need to be configured correctly, hence configuration files and settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example with Ruby, Ruby on Rails, RSpec and Capybara you can create a new application with rails new app_name and then starting writing UI feature tests with RSpec and (for UI tests) Capybara tests).  Search for links, tutorials and tools for Capybara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly Python has django and I believe it is similarly easy to get started if you focus your search on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of coure you don't need to create your own application.&#xA;You could use those frameworks and for subject you could pick something as simple as google searches that you automate, e.g. use RSpec and Capybara against google searches and not create a Ruby on Rails application.  Search for capybara without rails.  I found &lt;a href=&quot;https://agilewarrior.wordpress.com/2014/06/19/how-to-seutp-capybara-with-rspec-no-rails/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://agilewarrior.wordpress.com/2014/06/19/how-to-seutp-capybara-with-rspec-no-rails/&lt;/a&gt; which seemed relatively recent (2 years) compared to several 5 years old (ancient in RoR terms) examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally I recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://codeschool.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Code School&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codecademy.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Code Academy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you go down the Ruby route railscasts.com is great although starting to become a little dated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-23T21:49:05.160" LastActivityDate="2016-03-23T21:49:05.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17634" CreationDate="2016-03-24T00:03:02.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not personally aware of any 'industry' standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best combination of practices that I have observed at several companies that do code review is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tools that automatically fix non-code issues such as blank trailing lines, blank trailing spaces, incorrect use of tabs, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tools such as linters and cops that report on code quality and suggest /recommend changes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tools and processes for human suggestions about code design, style, naming and approach such as the github Pull Request and code review process&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More specifically good practices covered in code review generally lean to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) code, so repeated sections are extracted and referenced once&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As few parameters as possible, each one factorially increases combinations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Short classes over long, for instance 100 lines over 500 lines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Short methods over long, ideally 3-5 lines per method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoiding dependencies when possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Well named objects using full english&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mocking and Stubbing for Unit Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoiding over use of acronyms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page Objects for UI tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good test coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is good information at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/524235/Codeplusreviewplusguidelines&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/524235/Codeplusreviewplusguidelines&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main goals of code review are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To spot and fix defects early in the process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better-shared understanding of the code base as team members learn from each other&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helps to maintain a level of consistency in design and implementation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helps to identify common defects across the team thus reducing rework.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Builds confidence of stakeholders about technical quality of the execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uniformity in understanding will help interchangeability of team members in case of non-availability of any one of them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A different perspective. “Another set of eyes” adds objectivity. Similar to the reason for separating your coding and testing teams, peer reviews provide the distance needed to recognize problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pride/reward. Recognition of coding prowess is a significant reward for many programmers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team cohesiveness. Working together helps draw team members closer. It also provides a brief respite from the isolation that coding often brings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main areas a reviewer is focusing on are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thread Safety&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error Handling&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resource Leaks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Control Structures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;General Unit Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comment and Coding Conventions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T00:41:48.540" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T00:41:48.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16494" CreationDate="2016-03-24T02:53:05.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use below line before getting particular element id. Hopefully it will resolve the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement elem=(new WebDriverWait(driver, 10)) //added this line&#xA;        .until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@ type='email']&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: this is to make driver wait unless xpath containing &quot;email&quot; is not rendered properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17442" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T11:38:44.947" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T11:38:44.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17756" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17757" CreationDate="2016-03-24T08:19:56.943" Score="4" ViewCount="28922" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created &lt;code&gt;screenShot()&lt;/code&gt; method to take the screenshot of the web page. When I used this method in my code first time it will capture the screen and it will save the image with &lt;code&gt;image1&lt;/code&gt; name. When I used the same method &lt;code&gt;screenShot()&lt;/code&gt; to capture screens for other pages with the use of &lt;code&gt;this.screenShot();&lt;/code&gt; this will again capture the current web page screen but it stores With the same name &lt;code&gt;image1&lt;/code&gt; in the same folder (which overrides to previously captured screen image1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I have to take screenshots for the number of web pages &amp;amp; want to store it into the same folder with different names like image1, image2, image3...etc. by using the same method &lt;code&gt;screenShot()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void screenShot() throws IOException, InterruptedException&#xA;{&#xA;    File scr = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    File dest = new File(&quot;filPath/image1.png&quot;);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scr, dest);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any workaround to achieve this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T10:50:49.010" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T15:58:09.993" Title="How to take ScreenShot &amp; save it with different filenames by using Selenium &amp; Java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-29T16:57:36.060" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17756" CreationDate="2016-03-24T08:28:40.143" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Generate a unique filename for each save, by appending a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7488559/current-timestamp-as-filename-in-java&quot;&gt;timestamp&lt;/a&gt; or a GUID.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/825678/what-is-the-best-way-to-generate-a-unique-and-short-file-name-in-java&quot;&gt;see this question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void screenShot() throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;    File scr = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    String filename =  new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;yyyyMMddhhmmss'.txt'&quot;).format(new Date());&#xA;    File dest = new File(&quot;filePath/&quot; + filename);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scr, dest);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Give your &lt;code&gt;screenShot()&lt;/code&gt; function a &lt;code&gt;filename&lt;/code&gt; parameter and pass a unique filename in each call, something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void screenShot(string filename) throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;    File scr = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    File dest = new File(&quot;filePath/&quot; + filename);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scr, dest);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T15:58:09.993" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T15:58:09.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17758" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17807" CreationDate="2016-03-24T08:36:00.873" Score="0" ViewCount="900" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using XML schema validation to validate XML response against XSD schema.&#xA;Problem is that XML validation is stopped after first error found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, i have one error at line 105 and second at line 1200&#xA;It returns only error at line 105, then i have to fix this, or add value to XSD schema, only then i can see error at line 1200.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to see all errors in one report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastEditorUserId="17148" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T14:21:24.867" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T12:22:12.883" Title="JMeter XML Schema validation stopped at first error" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17759" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-24T08:56:58.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a set of rules for encoding documents in both human-readable and machine-readable form. It is defined in the XML 1.0 Specification produced by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3C&lt;/a&gt;, and several other related specifications, all gratis open standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XML is extensible. It lets you define your own tags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most attractive feature of XML has to be its ability to allow its user to create their own tags. The tags that can be created will be similar to tags in HTML. But with XML you are afforded the opportunity to define your own tags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XML is a language that is very similar to HTML. But it’s much more flexible because it allows to create custom tags. In this way XML acts like a meta-language: a language that allows us to create or define other languages. For example, with XML we can create other languages, such as RSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, XML is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;designed to transport and store data; and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a flexible text format derived from SGML (ISO 8879).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a markup language much like &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/html&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;html&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;designed to be self-descriptive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The design goals of XML emphasize simplicity, generality, and usability over the Internet. It is a textual data format with strong support via Unicode for the languages of the world. Although the design of XML focuses on documents, it is widely used for the representation of arbitrary data structures – for example in web services, configuration/settings, and GUI, workflow, and task definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many application programming interfaces (APIs) have been developed to aid software developers with processing XML data, and several schema languages exist to aid in the definition of XML-based languages. Schemas are usually defined with an external namespace, but XML also allows you to define tags within the document itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XML Technologies&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/xquery&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;xquery&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;xquery&lt;/a&gt; (the XML Query language) is a language for querying XML documents much like querying relational databases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/xpath&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;xpath&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;xpath&lt;/a&gt; (the XML Path language) is a language for finding information in an XML document; it is a subset of of XQuery.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/xslt&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;xslt&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;xslt&lt;/a&gt; (eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) is used to transform XML documents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/xlink&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;xlink&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;xlink&lt;/a&gt; (the XML Linking language) defines methods for creating links within XML documents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/xpointer&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;xpointer&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;xpointer&lt;/a&gt; (the XML Pointer language) allows hyperlinks to point to specific parts (fragments) of XML documents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example Document&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following text is defined using XHTML and entity references; the text serves as an example of XML syntax and structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot; ?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC &quot;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN&quot;&#xA;  &quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd&quot; [&#xA;  &amp;lt;!ENTITY hello &quot;Hello, World!&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;]&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=UTF-8&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;title&amp;gt;&amp;amp;hello;&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;amp;hello;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resources&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following links provide additional information to learn about XML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/XML/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3C's XML overview&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;W3C's XML specification&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xml_namespace&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XML namespace on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XML resources on IBM developerWorks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/XML&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XML in the Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) Glossary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jclark.com/xml/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;James Clark's XML Resources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.way2tutorial.com/xml/xml_dtd_xslt_xpath_tutorials.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XML DTD XSLT XPath Tutorial on way2tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML_database#Native_XML_databases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Native XML Databases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T14:21:41.223" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T14:21:41.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17760" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-24T08:56:58.790" Score="0" Body="Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a flexible, structured document format that defines human- and machine-readable encoding rules." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T14:21:44.817" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T14:21:44.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17756" CreationDate="2016-03-24T08:57:49.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, I have tried some different logic and it is working now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void screenShot() throws IOException, InterruptedException&#xA;{&#xA;    File scr=((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;&#xA;    File dest= new File(&quot;filPath/screenshot_&quot;+timestamp()+&quot;.png&quot;);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scr, dest);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public string timestamp() {&#xA;    return new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;yyyy-MM-dd HH-mm-ss&quot;).format(new Date());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2016-11-15T20:11:00.430" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T20:11:00.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17762" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-24T09:02:21.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Data validation is the process of ensuring that a program operates on clean, correct and useful data. It applies rules or constraints to check for correctness, meaningfulness, and security of data that are input to the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common reasons for validation are to avoid entering data which violates a database schema, and to prevent unauthorized exploitation of a user interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Different kinds of validation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In evaluating the basics of data validation, generalizations can be made regarding the different types of validation, according to the scope, complexity, and purpose of the various validation operations to be carried out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data type validation;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Range and constraint validation;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code and Cross-reference validation;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Structured validation;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Resources:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_validation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia Data validation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T21:52:48.833" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T21:52:48.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17763" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-24T09:02:21.963" Score="0" Body="Data validation is the process of ensuring that a program operates on clean, correct and useful data." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T21:53:17.240" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T21:53:17.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17764" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-24T09:25:27.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two principles included in QA are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fit for purpose&lt;/strong&gt; - the product should be suitable for the intended purpose;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Right first time&lt;/strong&gt; - mistakes should be eliminated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA includes regulation of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components, services related to production, and management, production and inspection processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is determined by the product users, clients or customers, not by society in general. It is not the same as 'expensive' or 'high quality'. Low priced products can be considered as having high quality if the product users determine them as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_quality_assurance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Software Quality Assurance (wikipedia)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; if you mean the process of evaluation of the software products quality, measuring of system defectiveness, use &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/quality-assessment&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;quality-assessment&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;quality-assessment&lt;/a&gt; tag &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T21:53:30.147" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T21:53:30.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17765" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-24T09:25:27.583" Score="0" Body="Quality assurance, or QA for short, is the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various aspects of a project, service or facility to maximize the probability that minimum standards of quality are being attained by the production process. QA cannot absolutely guarantee the production of quality products. Note: if you mean measuring of system defectiveness, use &quot;quality-assessment&quot; tag " OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T21:53:05.303" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T21:53:05.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17766" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-24T10:56:07.103" Score="1" ViewCount="440" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used Selenium IDE to record some actions on a webpage, reply on firefox works fine if I slow down the run. Once I exported it as a python 2 script, run with chrome then it fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the section of the script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    def test_add_data(self):&#xA;    driver = self.driver&#xA;    driver.get(self.base_url + &quot;/login&quot;)&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;login_user&quot;).clear()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;login_user&quot;).send_keys(&quot;&amp;lt;masked&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;login_pass&quot;).clear()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;login_pass&quot;).send_keys(&quot;&amp;lt;masked&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;button-log-in&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Devices&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Test Device 01&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;wind speed&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;addTag&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;txtwritedatavalue&quot;).clear()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;txtwritedatavalue&quot;).send_keys(&quot;7&quot;)&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;button-data-write&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;addTag&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;span.popupclose &amp;gt; img&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Home&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;a.nav-switch &amp;gt; span&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Log-out&quot;).click()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;login_user&quot;).clear()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;login_user&quot;).send_keys(&quot;randy_lei@yahoo.ca&quot;)&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;login_pass&quot;).clear()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;login_pass&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Exo1sit*emphasized text*e&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the output from running the script,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;add_data3.py&quot;, line 29, in test_add_data&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;addTag&quot;).click()&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py&quot;, line 74, in click&#xA;self._execute(Command.CLICK_ELEMENT)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py&quot;, line 457, in _execute&#xA;return self._parent.execute(command, params)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;, line 233, in execute&#xA;self.error_handler.check_response(response)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py&quot;, line 194, in check_response&#xA;raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;ElementNotVisibleException: Message: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with&#xA;Stacktrace:&#xA;at fxdriver.preconditions.visible (file:///c:/users/randy/appdata/local/temp/tmprickq_/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:10092)&#xA;at DelayedCommand.prototype.checkPreconditions_ (file:///c:/users/randy/appdata/local/temp/tmprickq_/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12644)&#xA;at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h (file:///c:/users/randy/appdata/local/temp/tmprickq_/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12661)&#xA;at fxdriver.Timer.prototype.setTimeout/&amp;lt;.notify (file:///c:/users/randy/appdata/local/temp/tmprickq_/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:625)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A script from a simpler recording on the same page works just fine. I added a waitForVisible(id=addTagg) before the complained line and it timed out and the script still failed the same way. Any way around this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first time I try selenium IDE recording scripts, is it in general this unreliable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T13:41:39.730" Title="Selenium IDE recorded script issue : element not visible" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-04-08T02:06:37.670" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17768" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-24T13:49:46.853" Score="1" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can i find anywhere the differences or new features added in Microsoft Test Manager from 2010 version to 2015 version. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Differences between MTM 2010, 2013 and 2015 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T07:32:44.480" Title="Difference between Microsoft Test Manager 2010 and later versions" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17768" CreationDate="2016-03-24T14:14:22.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The added features from 2010 to 2013 are listed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/softwaresimian/2014/08/22/features-added-in-microsoft-test-manager-20102013/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blogpost&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't find anything relevant to the 2015 edition, so it's possible that they didn't update a lot of functionalities, or the documentation is poor or hidden somewhere.&#xA;On &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj635157(v=vs.140).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this MSDN page&lt;/a&gt; however, you can switch between the 2015 version and older ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T14:14:22.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14533" CreationDate="2016-03-24T14:45:33.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is proposition of the test automation architecture I use. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gerasimenko-ivan/_qtp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link to git&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;Sorry, I was asked by my employer to delete this repo&lt;/strong&gt;). Tests are created with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/uft-12.52&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;uft-12.52&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;uft-12.52&lt;/a&gt;, each build is deployed and/or tested under control of &lt;code&gt;IBM UrbanCode Deploy&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My project is separated into modules (as the product to be tested) so tests are placed in dir &lt;code&gt;tests\moduleXX\...&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each module tests are divided by some functionality to be tested (e.g. &quot;User creation&quot;, &quot;Print account info&quot;...). Trying as much as possible not to create big tests, because if one test fails, another one will continue execution (but still for this purpose you need to use &lt;code&gt;recovery scenarios&lt;/code&gt; the right way, and all test should be independent from each other)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Directories structure contain three main dirs (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gerasimenko-ivan/_qtp/tree/master/tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tests&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gerasimenko-ivan/_qtp/tree/master/resources&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;resources&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; runresults):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tests     \module1\test1&#xA;                  \test2&#xA;                  \test...&#xA;          \module2\...&#xA;          \module3\...&#xA;          \module...&#xA;&#xA;runresults\logs (short text logs with general info about each test execution)&#xA;          \testresults (stuff generated for Run Results Viewer)&#xA;          \expected (some expected docs)&#xA;&#xA;resources \reusable actions\common (common reusable actions and for each module)&#xA;                           \module1&#xA;                           \module...&#xA;          \recovery scenarios&#xA;          \vbscripts&#xA;          \libs&#xA;          \...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All actions that could be reused in several tests are placed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gerasimenko-ivan/_qtp/tree/master/resources/reusable%20actions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reusable action&lt;/a&gt; files (also created with UFT)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests are run by vbscript &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gerasimenko-ivan/_qtp/blob/master/resources/VBscripts/runtest.vbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RunTest.vbs&lt;/a&gt;. General logging is done in this script e.g. (cols &lt;code&gt;path to test&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;exec date &amp;amp; time&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;RAM available&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;run status&lt;/code&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;Reset test environment: 2016.03.18 - 15.19.36&#xA;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;Reset test environment: 2016.03.18 - 17.17.27&#xA;C:\_qtp\tests\_Ne opredelen\S.001 Otkritie glavnih modulei             | 2016.03.18 | 17.17.32 -&amp;gt; 17.19.18 | 6,223 | V | Passed&#xA;C:\_qtp\tests\Finansovie Licevie Scheta\S.001 Sozdaniye novogo LS s za | 2016.03.18 | 17.19.23 -&amp;gt; 17.20.15 | 6,198 | V | Passed&#xA;ved jilca+udaleniye                                                    |            |                      |       |   |&#xA;C:\_qtp\tests\Finansovie Licevie Scheta\S.002 TO arest FLS             | 2016.03.18 | 17.20.20 -&amp;gt; 17.21.25 | 6,170 | ! | Warning&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T13:59:37.230" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T13:59:37.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-24T15:18:36.217" Score="6" ViewCount="2010" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating a set of test cases and I am looking for a better solution for what I am doing. I am currently using Microsoft excel to create a spreadsheet for all my tests and reporting. I am looking for an open source test management tool that I can create tests for products and have it generate reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17453" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T12:12:02.300" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T07:46:40.400" Title="Test reporting tools" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15776" CreationDate="2016-03-24T17:24:10.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your regex is capturing one character in the range between the square brackets. Try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;([0-9A-Za-z]*:[0-9A-Za-z]*)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use a website to test regex in real time like this one &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regexr.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.regexr.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T17:24:10.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17771" CreationDate="2016-03-24T17:43:12.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestLink is one of the major open source test management tools. (I have some experience using it). You should also take a look at the answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1811/test-case-management-software?rq=1&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, which include links to some detailed lists of testing tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T17:43:12.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-24T18:58:25.563" Score="2" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium webdriver using the Page Object Model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, where would it be best practice to define the navigation step selector? Should it be in the page object class or in each of the test classes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-24T22:04:46.863" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T22:04:46.863" Title="Where to define the selector for the navigation step - PageObject vs. Test Class?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17775" CreationDate="2016-03-24T20:24:11.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, multiple solutions are possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Example 1:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common and perhaps logical example you'll find is the one where navigation is seen as a Browser action.&#xA;It's not a PageObject method because navigating to a certain URL has nothing to do with the page's content behind it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void TestMethod()&#xA;{&#xA;     Browser.GoTo(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;     Pages.GoogleHome.Search(&quot;Selenium test&quot;);&#xA;     Pages.GoogleHome.ValidateResultCount();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Example 2:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, there are contrasting opinions on where &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;validations should occur&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are differences of opinion on whether page objects should&#xA;  include assertions themselves, or just provide data for test scripts&#xA;  to do the assertions. Advocates of including assertions in page&#xA;  objects say that this helps avoid duplication of assertions in test&#xA;  scripts, makes it easier to provide better error messages, and&#xA;  supports a more TellDontAsk style API. Advocates of assertion-free&#xA;  page objects say that including assertions mixes the responsibilities&#xA;  of providing access to page data with assertion logic, and leads to a&#xA;  bloated page object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could propose a similar alternative for navigation, arguing that each page knows its own URL and thus your test methods might look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void TestMethod()&#xA;{&#xA;     Pages.GoogleHome.GoTo();&#xA;     Pages.GoogleHome.Search(&quot;Selenium test&quot;);&#xA;     Pages.GoogleHome.ValidateResultCount();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;GoTo&lt;/code&gt; method then in turn directs the browser to navigate, and possibly also checks if the page has been succesfully loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T20:24:11.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17775" CreationDate="2016-03-24T22:03:37.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've struggled with this too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do put them in the PageObject object&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have very dynamic flows and I decided that creating lots of separate css navigation objects for each test was too much work to maintain given that they were often (but not always..) common across many web flows.  Sometimes i had to append _extension_called_something for cases where one flow is different but I still choose to put them in the same PageObject used for reference so that future developer don't have to remember shared vs. local&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-24T22:03:37.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17766" CreationDate="2016-03-25T01:34:19.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was my first time using selenium IDE, recorded the scenarios, saved as python scripts and run with a different browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It turned out to be an unnecessary action recorded, and removing the two addTag lines then all was good on firefox and chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just wanted to answer my own question hoping to be helpful for newcomers to selenium IDE of this possibility (of unnecessary action recorded).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T01:34:19.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17768" CreationDate="2016-03-25T06:36:24.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Visual Studio 2010:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Three products provide testing functionality in Visual Studio 2010:&#xA;Visual Studio Test Professional:  This is primarily for the generalist tester who wants to create manual test cases, run these tests and view the results as part of a test plan. The key application is MTM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio 2010 Premium: This provides the features to enable a user to create unit tests and UI automated tests for an application.&#xA;Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate: This contains all the test functionality provided for Visual Studio 2010. It includes MTM providing the functionality for planning, creating, and running test cases. It also enables you to create and run unit tests, UI automated tests, load tests and Web performance tests, generic tests and ordered tests using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testers, VS 2010 provide new tool called MTM, MTM is contained in two VS products, Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate and Visual Studio Test Professional 2010. You install VS 2010 Ultimate, MTM is installed by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MTM need to integrate with TFS, then you can create test plan, test suites, test case, run manual test, run automatic test in lab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Visual Studio 2012:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio 2012 introduces new test project templates. In Visual Studio 2010, there was a single test project template. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio 2012 has these test project templates:&#xA;Unit Test Project – Can include unit tests, third-party unit tests, ordered tests, and generic tests.&#xA;Coded UI Test Project – Can include the test types listed for Unit Test Project above, and coded UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web Performance and Load Test Project – Can include Web performance tests and load tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T07:32:44.480" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T07:32:44.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17732" CreationDate="2016-03-25T06:45:59.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How many threads you will get depends on the resources consumed by &#xA;  each thread, both on the JMeter host and on the system under test. This is &#xA;  turn is dependent on the content of your test plan and the nature of your &#xA;  samplers and the target application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering only the JMeter resource consumption, if you find that the &#xA;JMeter host can't handle the number of threads you want the resolution is &#xA;the same as for running out of memory: more of the resource, simpler test &#xA;plan, less threads, or JMeter server. (Some test plan elements are known to &#xA;be resource consumptive - see the User Manual.) &#xA;we can generate 5000 or more threads through multiple system with jmeter on a server this is lie in distributed testing and plot a single graph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either you can simply used 100 threads with loop count 2-3 or 4....etc. it means the total no. of executed threads are multiplied by loop count.&#xA;Having said that, 2000 or more threads is a pretty large number, so &#xA;I'm not entirely surprised that there are memory problems. Some OSes &#xA;have limits to the number of open sockets, even if memory is not a &#xA;problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That number of threads is also potentially a huge load on whatever &#xA;  server is under test - do you really need to run with 7000 threads? &#xA;  as a work-round:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use non-GUI mode &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;remove all but one listener &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use CSV output &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;minimise assertions &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use multiple independent jobs, and combine the results. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T13:02:55.130" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T13:02:55.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17264" CreationDate="2016-03-25T07:17:34.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Run results of UFT 12.52 tests could be opened in web browser, just click on the file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;run_results.html&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run results of UFT 12.52 test opened in Firefox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RhciX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RhciX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you prefer to view results in &lt;code&gt;Run Results Viewer&lt;/code&gt; there is a possibility to select in &lt;code&gt;Tools --&amp;gt; Options...&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wq45M.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wq45M.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2018-08-10T14:10:54.757" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T14:10:54.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17228" CreationDate="2016-03-25T08:51:27.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are using AutoIt you can use the &lt;code&gt;_ScreenCapture_CaptureWnd&lt;/code&gt; function to take a screenshot of a single window, example code can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/libfunctions/_ScreenCapture_CaptureWnd.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/libfunctions/_ScreenCapture_CaptureWnd.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you are using Java you can also use &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/Robot.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot&lt;/a&gt; to take a screenshot of a part of the screen, but you need to specify the area manual. For some code example look here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58305/is-there-a-way-to-take-a-screenshot-using-java-and-save-it-to-some-sort-of-image&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58305/is-there-a-way-to-take-a-screenshot-using-java-and-save-it-to-some-sort-of-image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T08:51:27.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17784" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17785" CreationDate="2016-03-25T09:47:37.170" Score="2" ViewCount="305" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Java WebDriver test I use method &lt;code&gt;findElements()&lt;/code&gt; to check if an element is present on the page. &#xA;I use the Page Object Pattern, so the element I want to check is declared in SomePage.class. In my test I would like to just refer to declared element, but method &lt;code&gt;findElements(&lt;/code&gt;) requires me to use By type and look for the element again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to declare WebElement once and then refer to it in findElements() method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastEditorUserId="17159" LastEditDate="2016-03-25T10:12:56.880" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T13:38:00.043" Title="Using WebElement instead of By - is it possible?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17784" CreationDate="2016-03-25T10:02:50.143" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you already found the element, why are you looking it up again? Maybe you should not use &lt;code&gt;findElements()&lt;/code&gt; again, because that will try to find the elements based on a By. It cannot find based on a found element reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe just use a &lt;code&gt;element.IsDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; instead to check if the element is still available for interaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-03-25T10:29:27.060" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T10:29:27.060" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17784" CreationDate="2016-03-25T13:38:00.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would have preferred to comment as it's more of a tip then an answer but need more reputation for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of these issues get solved with &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenide.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have lot of extra options to interact, or wait for, elements and as it's a skin over Selenium you can still use any Selenium command you'd like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17465" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T13:38:00.043" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17766" CreationDate="2016-03-25T13:41:39.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The IDE is good for rapid prototyping but you'll want to make the move to Webdriver in your preferred language as soon as you hit problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you're up and running you're really not any slower then on the IDE and have more tools to do exactly what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17465" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T13:41:39.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17731" CreationDate="2016-03-25T13:59:23.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are trying to run your tests programmatically so that's great..Once your tests are run testng will generate a &lt;code&gt;failed.xml&lt;/code&gt; file with tests that have failed. You can then check if the &lt;code&gt;failed.xml&lt;/code&gt; exists or not if yes then run that xml. Some details could be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28942467/testng-how-do-i-run-a-custom-testng-xml-file-programmatically&quot;&gt;how-do-i-run-a-custom-testng&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10475" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T12:23:44.720" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T12:23:44.720" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15328" CreationDate="2016-03-25T15:54:22.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertText&#xA;table td(3).text&#xA;='fred'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will look in all the column 3 values&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T15:54:22.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-25T18:19:48.740" Score="2" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've googled the question and come up with lists published by various companies but they always seem focused on those who are the most prevalent speakers, presenters or bloggers. Should I just assume they're the most prevalent for a reason or are there less outspoken leaders who have more insight and/or are working on really interesting problems? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9159" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T21:35:39.827" Title="Who are the industry leaders in the QA/Test space?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-03-26T06:36:42.677" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17795" CreationDate="2016-03-25T21:31:33.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find that Lisa Crispin, who wrote Agile Testing Along with Janet Gregory is fantastic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T21:31:33.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17795" CreationDate="2016-03-25T21:33:54.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been impressed by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/213/bj-rollison&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/213/bj-rollison&lt;/a&gt; both in this community and when I've seen him present at conferences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T21:33:54.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17795" CreationDate="2016-03-25T21:35:39.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/246/user246&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/246/user246&lt;/a&gt; is clearly the leader in our space her in Stack Exchange.  Unfortunately they prefer to keep an air of mystery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-03-25T21:35:39.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17224" CreationDate="2016-03-25T22:47:23.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Cucumber !&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main benefit is tests that are written in the users language using business domain terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helps to bring both the developers and users together for a better understanding and implementation of applications.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For some aspects, programmers will appreciate product owners being very specific and writing down specifications and requirements in a logical fashion.  For other aspects product owners will appreciate being able to understand the functionality that has been implemented based on the tests they they can read in plain English.  In other cases programmers are made more aware of subtle real world factors that can dramatically affect design and implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example of this framework in action is Cucumber which is commmony a wrapper around RSpec but can and has also been used with many other development frameworks and languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-23T22:19:18.403" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T22:19:18.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17800" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="32510" CreationDate="2016-03-26T03:03:34.940" Score="2" ViewCount="5517" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used to use the the GUI version of logcat via DDMS for getting Adb logcat info from Android Studio (or monitor.exe from SDK tools), but found it too distracting while trying to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have to quickly stop testing, then copy and save the data from DDMS to a file when I find a bug or when the would app crash on my Android Phone or Tablet.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am not familiar with the adb command line so any detailed help (or some links to syntax and scenario based examples) would be very much appreciate.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found and created a script file for windows with the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;C:\Users\dare2\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; logcat -d &amp;gt; &quot;%UserProfile%\Desktop\%date:~-4,4%%date:~-10,2%%date:~-7,2%_%...&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This creates a file with the current date and outputs the logcat data to that file on my desktop.  As I understand it though (and correct me if I am wrong), but it just dumps the data already cached on my device at the time I run the command.  What I want to do is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clear the cached log data at the initiation of the script&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Continuously stream&lt;/strong&gt; the logcat data to the file as I am testing apps while connected via USB.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Append a start and end timestamp to the filename&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;End the output some way when done with whatever task I am testing (don't care if the method is just disconnecting from the USB cable)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be able to click on the script again and have it do the steps above to another file (which would resolve itself cause timestamps would be different)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently it just creates the one file with the date, which I have to rename, then start over for each test I perform (Exploratory/Functional).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One Scenario&lt;/strong&gt; for me would be to testing the entire installation process of an app, including the first run (capturing any on-boarding process or registration process data that the app requires) and then stop either if/when the app crashes or when I get to the first instance of the main activity screen in the android app (my choice).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Another Scenario&lt;/strong&gt; would be for example running a section of a scripted functional or regression test, lets say 10 step. Before I start, Run the script, which would perform the steps indicated above, then stop once I am done running that section of the test case or if/when the app crashes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank You&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16796" LastActivityDate="2019-12-05T20:30:52.180" Title="How do I continuously stream Logcat data from a usb connected device to a file on PC until I decide to disconnect or stop testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17809" CreationDate="2016-03-26T04:04:41.573" Score="2" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing Web pages, Sometimes the page would be Redirect to &lt;strong&gt;RUNTIME&lt;/strong&gt; error &lt;strong&gt;Compilation&lt;/strong&gt; error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not fine what is the exact reason for the errors.&#xA;As a QA is want to know what was the exact error. while reporting the Bug to developer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried Firebug, it results the redirect page alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other tool or plugin to find the reason for the Redirecting occurs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-26T14:55:35.470" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T16:55:08.673" Title="How to find the specific error on a web page from a generic message page?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;firebug&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17802" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-26T05:54:02.410" Score="2" ViewCount="4143" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is my website content &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;Query for bugs (&amp;amp;quot;Go box&amp;amp;quot;) [Alt-K]&quot;&#xA;       name=&quot;Go&quot; id=&quot;GoText&quot; size=&quot;23&quot;&#xA;       onkeypress=&quot;GoBoxKeypress(event)&quot; onblur=&quot;GoBoxBlur(event)&quot; &#xA;       onfocus=&quot;GoBoxFocus(event)&quot; onclick=&quot;GoBoxKeypress(null)&quot; &#xA;       class=&quot;filter&quot; accesskey=&quot;k&quot; value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i wanted to access the text field &#xA;i have tried below things &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;abc=driver.find_element_by_id('GoText')&#xA;a=driver.find_element_by_name('go')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but still I am not able to access the element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17476" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-26T11:48:38.153" LastActivityDate="2016-03-28T12:35:46.690" Title="How to access a web page INPUT element using selenium python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17846" CreationDate="2016-03-26T11:26:58.977" Score="3" ViewCount="1431" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new at TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I want to know more details about how to run multiple test-cases on different browsers. Which Framework model should I use in my project? So that each &amp;amp; every part of my code is clear &amp;amp; understandable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I have about 30 Test Cases that I have to run on different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T12:11:25.210" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T12:11:25.210" Title="How to run multiple Test cases on different browsers in TestNG with Java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17802" CreationDate="2016-03-26T11:43:22.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The selectors seem ok.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There may be something wrong in your setup.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Please show how &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; is being defined and how you are pointing at the page in question.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example please show lines similar to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.yoursite.org&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you getting &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if you try &lt;code&gt;driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//input')&lt;/code&gt; do you get anything or an error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/locating-elements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/locating-elements.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-26T11:57:40.980" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T11:57:40.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17199" CreationDate="2016-03-26T11:58:26.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void assertEquals(int actual,&#xA;                                int expected,&#xA;                                java.lang.String message)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Asserts that two ints are equal. If they are not, an AssertionFailedError, with the given message, is thrown.&#xA;Parameters:&#xA;actual - the actual value&#xA;expected - the expected value&#xA;message - the assertion error message&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T11:58:26.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17731" CreationDate="2016-03-26T12:12:43.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There may be many reasons for a Test case getting failed, may be due to element not found or time out exception or stale element exception etc. Normally in automation after executing scripts/tests, we will check for the results and if the test fails because of above reasons we will re-run then again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of that we can ask testNG to execute the failed test cases again for number of times and check for the updated results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To achieve this we need to implement TestNG IRetryAnalyzer. Below is the simple code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.pack.test;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.IRetryAnalyzer;&#xA;import org.testng.ITestResult;&#xA;&#xA;public class Retry implements IRetryAnalyzer {&#xA;    private int retryCount = 0;&#xA;    private int maxRetryCount = 1;&#xA;&#xA;// Below method returns 'true' if the test method has to be retried else 'false' &#xA;//and it takes the 'Result' as parameter of the test method that just ran&#xA;    public boolean retry(ITestResult result) {&#xA;        if (retryCount &amp;lt; maxRetryCount) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Retrying test &quot; + result.getName() + &quot; with status &quot;&#xA;                    + getResultStatusName(result.getStatus()) + &quot; for the &quot; + (retryCount+1) + &quot; time(s).&quot;);&#xA;            retryCount++;&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        }&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public String getResultStatusName(int status) {&#xA;        String resultName = null;&#xA;        if(status==1)&#xA;            resultName = &quot;SUCCESS&quot;;&#xA;        if(status==2)&#xA;            resultName = &quot;FAILURE&quot;;&#xA;        if(status==3)&#xA;            resultName = &quot;SKIP&quot;;&#xA;        return resultName;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create an other class 'RetryListener' by implementing 'IAnnotationTransformer'. We need to setRetryAnalyzer for iTestAnnotation. In the example below, add the above class name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.pack.test;&#xA;&#xA;import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;&#xA;import java.lang.reflect.Method;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.IAnnotationTransformer;&#xA;import org.testng.IRetryAnalyzer;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.ITestAnnotation;&#xA;&#xA;public class RetryListener implements IAnnotationTransformer {&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public void transform(ITestAnnotation testannotation, Class testClass,&#xA;            Constructor testConstructor, Method testMethod) {&#xA;        IRetryAnalyzer retry = testannotation.getRetryAnalyzer();&#xA;&#xA;        if (retry == null)  {&#xA;            testannotation.setRetryAnalyzer(Retry.class);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this, We need to add the Listener to testng.xml file. Below is syntax to add listener for RetryListener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;listener class-name=&quot;com.pack.test.RetryListener&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T12:12:43.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17758" CreationDate="2016-03-26T12:22:12.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;XML Schema Assertion uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/javax/xml/parsers/DocumentBuilder.html#parse(java.lang.String)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse()&lt;/a&gt; method which stops parsing XML file after the first error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can work it around by implementing your own &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/org/xml/sax/ErrorHandler.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ErrorHandler&lt;/a&gt; in i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#BeanShell_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell Assertion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add Beanshell Assertion instead of the XML Schema Assertion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Put the following code into the Beanshell Assertion &quot;Script&quot; area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler;&#xA;import org.xml.sax.SAXException;&#xA;import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;&#xA;&#xA;import javax.xml.XMLConstants;&#xA;import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;&#xA;import javax.xml.validation.Schema;&#xA;import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;&#xA;import javax.xml.validation.Validator;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.util.LinkedList;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;SchemaFactory factory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI);&#xA;Schema schema = factory.newSchema(new StreamSource(new File(&quot;/path/to/your/schema.xsd&quot;)));&#xA;Validator validator = schema.newValidator();&#xA;final List exceptions = new LinkedList();&#xA;validator.setErrorHandler(new ErrorHandler() {&#xA;&#xA;    public void warning(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {&#xA;        exceptions.add(exception);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void fatalError(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {&#xA;        exceptions.add(exception);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void error(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {&#xA;        exceptions.add(exception);&#xA;    }&#xA;});&#xA;StreamSource xmlFile = new StreamSource(new StringReader(SampleResult.getResponseDataAsString()));&#xA;validator.validate(xmlFile);&#xA;&#xA;if (exceptions.size() &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;    Failure = true;&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; exceptions.size(); i++) {&#xA;        FailureMessage += &quot;Error &quot; + (i + 1) + &quot; : &quot; + exceptions.get(i).getMessage();&#xA;        FailureMessage += System.getProperty(&quot;line.separator&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Replace &lt;code&gt;/path/to/your/schema.xsd&lt;/code&gt; with the actual path to XSD schema. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that it may NOT return all the errors in case of &lt;strong&gt;fatal&lt;/strong&gt; errors, according to ErrorHandler class JavaDoc:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note, however, that there is no requirement that the parser continue to report additional errors after a call to fatalError. In other words, a SAX driver class may throw an exception after reporting any fatalError.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use BeanShell: JMeter's Favorite Built-in Component&lt;/a&gt; guide for more information on using JMeter and Java API in Beanshell Test Elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T12:22:12.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17801" CreationDate="2016-03-26T14:14:33.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The server may log more detailed information. I would ask the developer where to look.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-26T14:14:33.797" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17801" CreationDate="2016-03-26T14:54:11.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now you need to report that you got the Runtime Compilation error page.  That is what was generated by the web server for you and is all you can tell from outside the system, if just using the web to test.  Make sure however that you details the environment tested in (os, browser, version, etc) and the steps to reproduce (URL for host and any parameters) and make sure they still reproduce the error (unless it is intermittent, reason unknown).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Separately you should also seek to improve the situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach to test will also depend on where you are testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When testing locally, i.e. running the server locally and using a browser then you can look at the code, the application log that is being generated and its errors and messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When testing on staging, work with the developer to add additional information to that error page so that you have more information to report in the case of error. This will benefit local testing also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing production, you should find a way for this information to be placed in logs you can access or sent via an email that you can read or a web report you can access.  The existing message about runtime compilation is already both too technical and too informative.  bots might love it!  I would recommend seeking a more generic apology message in the production environment but with details still captured via log and/or email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T16:55:08.673" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T16:55:08.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17810" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25519" CreationDate="2016-03-26T21:55:12.303" Score="2" ViewCount="109" Body="&lt;p&gt;Background: We are developing software for a small house-hold robot. Its probably not highly dangerous but it could still cause someone to fall down stairs. We are using a waterfall-like model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now by validation I mean answering the question: 'Did we understand correctly what our code has to do?' and &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; 'How to test against the requirements spec?'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a non-safety-critical code I would build a prototype, have customer/users try it out and see if they like it. However, for safety-critical code this does not work, because it does not prove that the customer didn't forget something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We already brainstormed possible scenarios for accidents with the customer and made sure we have requirements against what we came up with. But a more systematic approach would give us much more confidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also we would like to be able to do the validation for later stages than just the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17483" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T19:43:48.397" Title="How to validate safety-critical software" Tags="&lt;validation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16983" CreationDate="2016-03-28T06:33:48.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may try this-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class GmailContentTesting&#xA;{&#xA;    public WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public String baseUrl =&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public void setup()&#xA;    {&#xA;        /*System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;Browsers/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();*/&#xA;        driver =new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @BeforeTest&#xA;    public void gmailLogin()&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement EmailTextbox= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@id,'Email')]&quot;));&#xA;        EmailTextbox.clear();&#xA;        EmailTextbox.sendKeys(&quot;your email&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement nextButton =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@id,'next')]&quot;));&#xA;        nextButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement PasswdTextbox =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@id,'Passwd')]&quot;));&#xA;        PasswdTextbox.clear();&#xA;        PasswdTextbox.sendKeys(&quot;Your Passwd&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement SigninButton =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@id,'signIn')]&quot;)); &#xA;        SigninButton.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;        @Test(priority=1)&#xA;        public void inboxTesting()&#xA;        {&#xA;                  Write your code for complete testing of the inbox&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @Test(priority=2)&#xA;        public void spamTesting()&#xA;        {&#xA;                  Write your code for complete testing of the spam folder page&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        @Test(priority=3)&#xA;        public void lableTesting()&#xA;        {&#xA;                  Write your code for  complete testing of create/edit/deleting of labels&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterTest&#xA;        public void Logout()&#xA;        {&#xA;                  Write your code for  Gmail Logout.&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-03-28T06:33:48.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17393" CreationDate="2016-03-28T08:47:12.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use regular expressions for description of your TOs in object repository. Open OR's window, select object, select object's property and click on the Value cell. Then you can see &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;#&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; button, click it and here is an option for usage of reg exp:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TYsvn.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TYsvn.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt; expression would look this way: &lt;code&gt;//DIV[14]/DIV[.*]/DIV[1]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt; is for substitution of any character and &lt;code&gt;*&lt;/code&gt; is for occurrence count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Warning:&lt;/strong&gt; even with usage of regexp your identifier must be unique for displayed objects. If there are more than one object currently displayed in your application that matches the description, you'll get the next error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cymxY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cymxY.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it will not be possible to get collection of objects on one page/window etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This case is just an error from UFT point of view, and could be handled by recovery scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OtCE2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OtCE2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-28T13:08:57.263" LastActivityDate="2016-03-28T13:08:57.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17815" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-03-28T09:56:10.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Data validation is the process of ensuring that a program operates on clean, correct and useful data. It applies rules or constraints to check for correctness, meaningfulness, and security of data that are input to the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common reasons for validation are to avoid entering data which violates a database schema, and to prevent unauthorized exploitation of a user interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Different kinds of validation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In evaluating the basics of data validation, generalizations can be made regarding the different types of validation, according to the scope, complexity, and purpose of the various validation operations to be carried out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data type validation;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Range and constraint validation;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code and Cross-reference validation;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Structured validation;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Resources:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_validation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wikipedia Data validation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T20:07:31.223" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T20:07:31.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17816" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-03-28T09:56:10.863" Score="0" Body="Data validation is the process of ensuring that a program operates on clean, correct and useful data." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T20:07:24.503" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T20:07:24.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9385" CreationDate="2016-03-28T11:21:30.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A practical use of the seleniumIDE is testing your web site works correctly in firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use commands such as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertElementPresent&#xA;assertBodyText&#xA;assertConfirmation&#xA;assertNotChecked&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to verify page contents&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally you should avoid record and play (generates brittle tests that break easily as soon as the page is changed) and learn how to write good use of selectors yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you advance you should look to use a PageObject model approach which IS supported by the IDE - just use the load javascript file from the 'options' tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AQ0kC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AQ0kC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and put your page object descriptors in that file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example format of that file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storedVars[&quot;css_violation_submit_form_input&quot;] = &quot;css=form.new-violation input[type=submit]&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_claim_submit_form_input&quot;] = &quot;css=form.new-claim input[type=submit]&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_driver_submit_form&quot;] = &quot;css=form.new-driver *[type=submit]&quot;;&#xA;storedVars[&quot;css_vehicle_submit_form&quot;] = &quot;css=form.new-auto *[type=submit]&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of a practical example is shown here from a site for car insurance quotes with forms being filled out and asserts being done.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WbkuE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WbkuE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T00:49:44.533" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T00:49:44.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17818" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-28T12:27:22.803" Score="1" ViewCount="8257" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently have a task to test BI reports. Is there is any automation tool to test BI Reports(Business Intelligence Reports)? Also what are the key factors needed to validate BI reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-03-28T22:14:37.740" LastActivityDate="2021-03-28T22:19:32.803" Title="Automation testing tool for BI Reports" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17802" CreationDate="2016-03-28T12:35:46.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using def, try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_1(self):&#xA;    abc=self.driver.find_element_by_id('GoText')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17494" LastActivityDate="2016-03-28T12:35:46.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17820" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-28T13:24:52.040" Score="5" ViewCount="525" Body="&lt;p&gt;As part of a larger project, we are creating (or rather updating an existing) compiler that translates a Domain Specific Language (DSL) into a proprietary bytecode.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The bytecode then gets loaded into and interpreted by the appliance that we are creating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to time constraints and the fact that testability was not taken into account in the design of the compiler, we will be doing almost exclusively end-to-end (sub-)product tests on the compiler, meaning that the compiler will be tested as a single, black-box, unit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question that keeps nagging me is how we can get some confidence that our tests are covering the likely areas of problems to the extent that we deem necessary.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What (formal) testing techniques can be employed in the testing of a compiler to gain confidence that we haven't overlooked an important area in designing our test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17495" LastEditorUserId="17495" LastEditDate="2016-03-28T15:31:48.613" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T17:21:01.647" Title="Testing techniques for verifying a compiler" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17272" CreationDate="2016-03-28T19:54:50.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CURL#curl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Curl&lt;/a&gt; is the industry standard free open-source tool for working with Web APIs. With Curl you can make any request that you could make from a browser or from a mobile client. This includes sending-and-saving cookies as well as basic auth and Oauth. You can also use it to inspect request and response headers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After using Curl to retrieve an API response, you can then perform tests against the response document using any unit test framework. Assuming your API is returning some sort of structured data (such as JSON, XML, HTML, CSV, TSV, plain text), you should be fine using your programming language's standard library for parsing the response. Once you have parsed the document, just write unit tests that assert against the data the same way you would for any other data retrieved during a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One &lt;em&gt;large&lt;/em&gt; upside to this approach is that you are not locked in to paying for a site license each time you need to set up a new workstation or a new CI slave. If you plan to scale your tests horizontally (in other words if you plan to use dozens or hundreds of slaves in your CI system) then using a proprietary tool that requires paying for a site license per slave, is prohibitively expensive for most organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also worth noting that there is &lt;em&gt;nothing&lt;/em&gt; that a proprietary tool can do, that you can not also do with Curl and your favorite programming language, for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2991" LastActivityDate="2016-03-28T19:54:50.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17818" CreationDate="2016-03-28T21:49:52.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;No for a general &quot;bi test tool&quot;.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However there are ways to achieve testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends firstly in what framweork or application they are developed in.  There are a lot of Business Intelligence vendors and each does thing in a different way.  Your best best may be a feature of the tool you are using or an available plugin or extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your tool can do output to the web (pretty common these days) they you could use standard web UI automation tools aginst the web page, asserting expected results for a given data set and conditions that you create and can them access via a web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most simple, UI based tools include seleniumIDE and ghostInspector (paid but has free version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Formal programmatic solutions mostly focus around selenium by using the WebDriver protocol and then languages like c#, ruby and python and test frameworks such as rspec (ruby) to write the actual test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-28T21:49:52.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17820" CreationDate="2016-03-28T22:29:32.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Edit to add answer here instead of just linking to a blog entry, thanks for the feedback on my original)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some ideas for a test plan for your complier. Many of these ideas were derived from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/vcblog/2010/06/01/how-we-test-the-compiler-backend/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog about how Microsoft tests their C++ complier&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional Tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In short, you should write many programs in your DSL and test the resulting programs.  You can use the syntax of your DSL as a baseline for coverage for the happy paths.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your complier is deterministic in the bytecodes that are generated, you could short cut regression testing by comparing bytecodes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use erroneous code to test the error handling of your compilier.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to get coverage on any build switches for your compiler (optimization levels, output format, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test with your real world code, programs already created with the complier.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non-functional tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Performance of the compiled output code. Especially if you have speed optimization switches.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Size of compiled object code&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Time to compile&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Resiliency with model-based techniques: automatically generate valid (and invalid) random programs based on the DSL syntax - and make sure the complier behaves as expected (successful build for valid, error generated for invalid)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="2741" LastEditDate="2016-04-04T17:21:01.647" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T17:21:01.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14926" CreationDate="2016-03-29T00:32:50.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;covtool.sourceforge.net is quite popular&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://opencppcoverage.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://opencppcoverage.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt; is a good options for windows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T00:32:50.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9385" CreationDate="2016-03-29T03:13:18.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What we do is use the Selenium IDE to record scenarios, then save as Webdriver python scripts. The code in webdriver flavour is pretty readable and you can then modify the scripts as needed. You can use the IDE to add assert/verify or just add it in the scripts yourself. Then we use Robot Framework to drive these test cases, linked to Jenkins then you get yourself a low-cost automated testing. This won't cover 100% of your test plan but it has a very low technical requirement, so even the newest guy in QA can start to be productive within a day or less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T03:13:18.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17205" CreationDate="2016-03-29T03:44:27.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me try to give you a very simple example to verify something with Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just used Selenium IDE to record a very simple scenaio (go to google.com, type &quot;Selenium&quot; in the search box, that's it). Then saved in python2/webdriver and get the main test method as following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_(self):&#xA;    driver = self.driver&#xA;    driver.get(self.base_url + &quot;&amp;lt;masked&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;).clear()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Selenium&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is all good, not much can fail here. But imagine you want to verify the search box does contain the word &quot;Selenium&quot; after these steps. What you can do is -- while the recording is still running, right click the Google search box, near to bottom of the menu you should see something like &quot;verify ...&quot;. Click it, save the script then you should get something like the following. (note, the IDE actually tries to guess what you want to verify, so most of the time the suggestion (i.e. the verify in this example) is good enough.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_(self):&#xA;    driver = self.driver&#xA;    driver.get(self.base_url + &quot;&amp;lt;masked&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;).clear()&#xA;    driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Selenium&quot;)&#xA;    try: self.assertEqual(&quot;Selenium&quot;, driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;).get_attribute(&quot;value&quot;))&#xA;    except AssertionError as e: self.verificationErrors.append(str(e)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only addition is the Try/Except block. This means, if the search box doesn't contain &quot;Selenium&quot; then this test is considered &quot;failed&quot;. There are more assertions/other methods you can use to make your failure criteria if you choose the &quot;Show All Available Commands&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to reporting, if you don't mind too many emails, you can just add the python code to send you an email after the &quot;as:&quot;. Then each failure will generate an email to you. Althernatively, in the as: section append the testcase name, and other info you want, to a text file. And have your test driver to send you an email with the content after all testcases are done. This way you get one email with all the failures in a run. This is not the best way, but it works with the least coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T03:44:27.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17801" CreationDate="2016-03-29T08:16:42.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Things which you can try:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try generating multiple scenarios and make sure if it's reproducible after few steps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if it occurs by clicking on particular element on webpage, if yes then inspect the element and find out the root cause.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try debugging, adding breakpoints for js if any.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try access the server logs and investigate the error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try looking it if user is redirected to error page after specific time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If nothing works, you can report the bug to developer and get exactly what was cause of issue, so you can reproduce and retest it in future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T10:12:45.077" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T10:12:45.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17731" CreationDate="2016-03-29T08:23:07.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG itself provides a way to re-test the failed test cases. The answer to your question is quite lengthy, But I have found the good details on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/testng-tutorials/execute-only-failed-test-cases-using-iretryanalyzer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blog link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T12:21:56.667" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T12:21:56.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17771" CreationDate="2016-03-29T08:56:11.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestLink is the open source test management tool, with good reporting tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following is the screenshot of report from TestLink:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O6jBV.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O6jBV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If wish to try it before you start using it, following is the demo link for TestLink&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.softaculous.com/demos/TestLink&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Demo Link for TestLink&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T10:10:31.543" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T10:10:31.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17831" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-29T11:21:50.557" Score="0" ViewCount="6147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using SOAP UI open source. In this version we don't have the option to create xpath like in pro version so I created the xpath using different tool and tried to transfer properties in my test cases. But SOAP UI is unable to locate the properties. How can I transfer the properties using xpath in SOAP UI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Here is my XML and the xpaths...&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SOAP Request#1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=&quot;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&quot; xmlns:tem=&quot;http://tempuri.org/&quot; xmlns:rad=&quot;http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Radixx.ConnectPoint.Request&quot; xmlns:rad1=&quot;http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Radixx.ConnectPoint.Security.Request&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;soapenv:Header/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;soapenv:Body&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;tem:RetrieveSecurityToken&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;!--Optional:--&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;tem:RetrieveSecurityTokenRequest&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;rad:CarrierCodes&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;!--Zero or more repetitions:--&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;rad:CarrierCode&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;rad:AccessibleCarrierCode&amp;gt;FZ&amp;lt;/rad:AccessibleCarrierCode&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/rad:CarrierCode&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/rad:CarrierCodes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;rad1:LogonID&amp;gt;qwere&amp;lt;/rad1:LogonID&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;rad1:Password&amp;gt;123123&amp;lt;/rad1:Password&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/tem:RetrieveSecurityTokenRequest&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/tem:RetrieveSecurityToken&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/soapenv:Body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/soapenv:Envelope&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SOAP Rsponse#1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;s:Envelope xmlns:s=&quot;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;s:Body&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;RetrieveSecurityTokenResponse xmlns=&quot;http://tempuri.org/&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;RetrieveSecurityTokenResult xmlns:a=&quot;http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Radixx.ConnectPoint.Security.Response&quot; xmlns:i=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;a:Exceptions xmlns:b=&quot;http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Radixx.ConnectPoint.Exceptions&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;b:ExceptionInformation.Exception&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;b:ExceptionCode&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/b:ExceptionCode&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;b:ExceptionDescription&amp;gt;Successful Transaction&amp;lt;/b:ExceptionDescription&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;b:ExceptionSource&amp;gt;RetrieveSecurityToken&amp;lt;/b:ExceptionSource&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;b:ExceptionLevel&amp;gt;Success&amp;lt;/b:ExceptionLevel&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/b:ExceptionInformation.Exception&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/a:Exceptions&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;a:SecurityToken&amp;gt;8bbd61ca-a976-417a-ab4e-04911be12468&amp;lt;/a:SecurityToken&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/RetrieveSecurityTokenResult&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/RetrieveSecurityTokenResponse&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/s:Body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/s:Envelope&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SOAP Request #2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=&quot;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&quot; xmlns:tem=&quot;http://tempuri.org/&quot; xmlns:rad=&quot;http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Radixx.ConnectPoint.Request&quot; xmlns:rad1=&quot;http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Radixx.ConnectPoint.TravelAgents.Request&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;soapenv:Body&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;tem:LoginTravelAgent&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;!--Optional:--&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;tem:LoginTravelAgentRequest&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;rad:SecurityGUID&amp;gt;ec800955-a52c-4267-bbfd-e3b473727307&amp;lt;/rad:SecurityGUID&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;rad:CarrierCodes&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;!--Zero or more repetitions:--&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;rad:CarrierCode&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;rad:AccessibleCarrierCode&amp;gt;FZ&amp;lt;/rad:AccessibleCarrierCode&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/rad:CarrierCode&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/rad:CarrierCodes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;rad1:IATANumber&amp;gt;222222&amp;lt;/rad1:IATANumber&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;rad1:UserName&amp;gt;apipml&amp;lt;/rad1:UserName&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;rad1:Password&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/rad1:Password&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/tem:LoginTravelAgentRequest&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/tem:LoginTravelAgent&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/soapenv:Body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/soapenv:Envelope&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xpath for property transfer from SOAP RESPONSE1 to SOAP REQUEST2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;property name- security.token&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xpath#1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;declare namespace s = &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&#xA; /s:Envelope/s:Body/RetrieveSecurityTokenResponse/RetrieveSecurityTokenResult/a:SecurityToken&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xpath#2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;declare namespace s = declare namespace ns1= &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&#xA; s: soapenv:Envelope/soapenv:Body/tem:LoginTravelAgent/tem:LoginTravelAgentRequest/rad:SecurityGUID&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17500" LastEditorUserId="17500" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T06:36:00.033" LastActivityDate="2016-09-17T16:43:30.450" Title="Property transfer in SOAP UI using xpath" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17771" CreationDate="2016-03-29T11:33:25.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;fitnesse is one option&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://fitnesse.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the site:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;FitNesse is a tool for specifying and verifying application acceptance criteria (requirements). It acts as a bridge between the different stakeholders (disciplines) in a software delivery process. It's wiki server makes it easy to document the software.It's testexecution capabilities allow you to verify the documentation against the software, ensuring the documentation remains up to date and the software is not facing regression.&#xA;For this to work, the tests should be defined on a business level, in conjunction with business representatives. They are basically business requirements, laid out in a way easy to understand by all stakeholders. When your requirements are unambiguous, they can be automatically verified with your application.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T11:33:25.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17771" CreationDate="2016-03-29T11:40:35.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;testng is another option&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;TestNG is a testing framework designed to simplify a broad range of testing needs, from unit testing (testing a class in isolation of the others) to integration testing (testing entire systems made of several classes, several packages and even several external frameworks, such as application servers).&#xA;Writing a test is typically a three-step process:&#xA;    Write the business logic of your test and insert TestNG annotations in your code.&#xA;    Add the information about your test (e.g. the class name, the groups you wish to run, etc...) in a testng.xml file or in build.xml.&#xA;    Run TestNG.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T11:40:35.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17818" CreationDate="2016-03-29T12:07:14.433" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BI VALIDATOR:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BI Validator is the most comprehensive Regression, Performance and Stress Testing tool for Business Intelligence applications built using OBIEE, Cognos or Business Objects.&#xA;It is built on our patented Patented ELV Architecture. &#xA;Its easy to use Test Plans empower Business Analysts, Testers and Developers to quickly create and execute tests in a matter of minutes without the need to do any custom programming. &#xA;By automating the BI Testing, Business Analysts, Testers and Developers can now focus on delivering more content in a shorter time with a higher degree of confidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tool can help detect defects prior to production and can drastically reduce the costs associated with BI projects using OBIEE, Cognos and Business Objects. &#xA;BI Validator eliminates the need for custom programming and/or manual eyeballing of dashboards and reports.&#xA;By automating the BI regression and performance testing, Business Analysts, Testers and Developers can now focus on delivering more content in a shorter time with a higher degree of confidence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key Features:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given the shortage of resources, how to automate the regression and performance testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to simulate concurrent user load for stress testing of BI Applications built using OBIEE, Cognos and Business Objects?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to compare data from reports across environments?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to compare data from reports pre and post upgrade?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to unit test OBIEE subject areas?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to validate the entire dataset from a report and not just the first few rows?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to increase my dashboard and report test coverage?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to automate and reduce the BI testing costs?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to identify the dashboards and reports that are impacted by a recent change change in the model?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You may download this tool from &#xA;  here:&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://datagaps.com/bi-validator-download/viewcategory/4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://datagaps.com/bi-validator-download/viewcategory/4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T05:28:56.680" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T05:28:56.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17803" CreationDate="2016-03-29T12:20:45.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to achieve parallel execution of test cases on different browsers, you can go for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It lets you run your tests on different machines having different browsers using a hub and node concept.&#xA;If you don't have any other machine available, you can use your local system and register it as a hub and a node as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14802" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T12:20:45.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15863" CreationDate="2016-03-29T13:44:14.620" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;there is no unique attribute present (No unique class, no unique name)&#xA;  &amp;amp; the id keeps on changing after every login so cannot take id also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a very common issue with many applications that are used on the web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 4 general approaches to fix this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for other existing css identifiers such as id, class and name used on other elements in the DOM hierarchy of the element, for example &lt;code&gt;form#new_user&lt;/code&gt; may be unique and then &lt;code&gt;form#new_user input.top&lt;/code&gt; might be unique even when &lt;code&gt;input.top&lt;/code&gt; on its own is not unique and is in other &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt;s on the page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for &lt;code&gt;data-&lt;/code&gt; attributes that you can use to identify the element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If working with the developers, ask them to add unique css identifiers such as id, class, name or data attribute to the element or elements in the hierarchy that can be used, in combination, to uniquely identify the element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the full xpath of where the element is but be aware that this may break with future changes in the page structure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-03-29T20:06:16.457" LastActivityDate="2016-03-29T20:06:16.457" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-29T23:47:12.150" Score="3" ViewCount="6685" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a non angular page that I open and then click a link, which changes pages and I fill out a form with some information and then click a button. Upon clicking that button another browser window is loaded. I need to switch over to the newly open page and work with some elements on that page and then return to the first window (the main page). I have the following code below: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    describe('Test', function () {&#xA;    beforeEach(function () {&#xA;        browser.ignoreSynchronization = true;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('Do authentication of session', function () {&#xA;        session.goToCommandPage().then(function () {&#xA;            browser.driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(12000);&#xA;        }).then(function () {&#xA;            browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;                return browser.findElement(by.cssContainingText('#content &amp;gt; span:nth-child(3) &amp;gt; ul &amp;gt; li:nth-child(5) &amp;gt; a', 'AuthenticateUser'))&#xA;                    .then(function (elem) {&#xA;                        elem.click();&#xA;                        return true;&#xA;                    });&#xA;            }, 12000, 'Waited for the AuthenticateUser link to load');&#xA;        }).then(function () {&#xA;            browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;                return browser.driver.findElement(by.css('#content &amp;gt; span &amp;gt; form &amp;gt; table &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-child(3) &amp;gt; td:nth-child(2) &amp;gt; input'))&#xA;                    .then(function (elem) {&#xA;                        elem.sendKeys(COMPANY_ID);&#xA;                        return true;&#xA;                    });&#xA;            }, 12000, 'Waited for the Company ID field to load');&#xA;        }).then(function () {&#xA;            browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;                return browser.driver.findElement(by.css('#content &amp;gt; span &amp;gt; form &amp;gt; table &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-child(4) &amp;gt; td:nth-child(2) &amp;gt; input'))&#xA;                    .then(function (elem) {&#xA;                        elem.sendKeys('user');&#xA;                        return true;&#xA;                    });&#xA;            }, 12000, 'Waited for the User field to load');&#xA;        }).then(function () {&#xA;            browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;                return browser.driver.findElement(by.css('#content &amp;gt; span &amp;gt; form &amp;gt; table &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-child(6) &amp;gt; td:nth-child(2) &amp;gt; input'))&#xA;                    .then(function (elem) {&#xA;                        elem.click();&#xA;                        return true;&#xA;                    });&#xA;            }, 12000, 'Waited for the Invoke button to load');&#xA;        }).then(function () {&#xA;            browser.driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(18000);&#xA;        }).then(function () {&#xA;            browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;                return browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function (handles) {&#xA;&#xA;                    if (handles.length &amp;gt; 1) {&#xA;                        return true;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                });&#xA;            }, 12000, 'Waited for window count to be greater than 1');&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('Switch to the results tab', function () {&#xA;        browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function (handles) {&#xA;            if (handles.length &amp;gt; 1) {&#xA;                handles.forEach(function (wndw) {&#xA;                    browser.driver.switchTo().window(wndw).then(function () {&#xA;                        browser.driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(7000);&#xA;                    }).then(function () {&#xA;                        browser.driver.getTitle().then(function (title) {&#xA;                            console.log('Title now: ' + title);&#xA;                            if(title == 'localhost/Service/WebService.asmx/AuthenticateUser') {&#xA;                                browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;                                    return browser.driver.findElement(by.css('.collapsible .expanded .text'))&#xA;                                        .then(function (elem) {&#xA;                                            elem.getText().then(function (textProduced) {&#xA;                                                console.log('Text printed: ' + textProduced);&#xA;                                            });&#xA;                                            return true;&#xA;                                        });&#xA;                                }, 12000, 'Waited for the output text to load');&#xA;                            }&#xA;                        });&#xA;                    });&#xA;                });&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            browser.driver.switchTo().window(handles[0]).then(function () {&#xA;                browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;                    return browser.driver.findElement(by.css('#content &amp;gt; span &amp;gt; form &amp;gt; table &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-child(3) &amp;gt; td:nth-child(2) &amp;gt; input'))&#xA;                }, 12000, 'Waited for the Company ID field to load');&#xA;            })&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use the various browser.driver.wait's because I wanted to make sure I was waiting for the element to be present before interacting with it. I also use browser.driver.findElement actions instead of browser.findElement because they are non-angular pages.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output looks like this: &lt;br&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Title now: WebService Web Service&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then I get the following error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ScriptTimeoutError: timeout: Timed out receiving message from&#xA;  renderer: 10.000   (Session info: chrome=49.0.2623.110)   (Driver&#xA;  info: chromedriver=2.19.346078&#xA;  (6f1f0cde889532d48ce8242342d0b84f94b114a1),platform=Windows NT 6.1 SP1&#xA;  x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace&#xA;  information) Command duration or timeout: 17.02 seconds&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought maybe it was because the new window wasn't ready to be interacted with but I check to see that their are more than 1 window open before going on to the second it. I see both tabs loaded before it fails but it stays on the first tab. I am writing this using Protractor using JavaScript because I usually interact with angular pages, and will in future test, but I need to do these actions first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I tried the below code, but still got:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: timeout: Timed out receiving message from renderer: 10.000&#xA;        (Session info: chrome=49.0.2623.110)&#xA;        (Driver info: chromedriver=2.21.371459 (36d3d07f660ff2bc1bf28a75d1cdabed0983e7c4),platform=Windows NT 6.1 SP1&#xA;  x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace&#xA;  information)&#xA;      Command duration or timeout: 22.02 seconds&#xA;      Build info: version: '2.52.0', revision: '4c2593c', time: '2016-02-11 19:06:42'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.driver.getAllWindowHandles().then(function (handles) {&#xA;    var popUpHandle = handles[1];&#xA;    browser.driver.switchTo().window(popUpHandle).then(function (handle) {&#xA;        browser.sleep(12000);&#xA;        handle = browser.driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;        expect(handle).toEqual(popUpHandle);&#xA;        browser.driver.executeScript('window.focus();');&#xA;    })&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17515" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T00:52:02.177" LastActivityDate="2018-07-21T14:59:57.800" Title="Switching windows with non angular pages using Webdriver JS" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17728" CreationDate="2016-03-30T02:07:09.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chrome has a task manager; you can at least look at it to see if something in particular is causing a large amount of storage/CPU activity.  Beyond that, I suspect you're left with binary search in terms of finding the problem plugin, although there's always the risk that it's not a single plugin causing the problem.  Chrome does have a logging subsystem, but I suspect it won't be very useful unless you're an expert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T02:07:09.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17385" CreationDate="2016-03-30T05:40:26.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Faults are an inevitable part of software delivery. I only briefing touched on managing lists of faults in Agile Project Execution so it is well worth expanding on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact defects is an area where software delivery, including agile software development, can get messy. Luckily there are ways to manage this mess or to avoid it altogether. Jo’s question hints at potential answers but there are others. In fact I know of at least nine common strategies for managing a growing fault list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My strategies are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Do nothing&#xA;Filter out the noise&#xA;Stop logging low impact defects&#xA;Close off low impact defects&#xA;Prune the backlog&#xA;Batch the defects&#xA;Blitz the defects&#xA;Fix some every sprint&#xA;Automate the tests&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do Nothing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before deciding which option to take you’ve got to know who cares. Who cares that the product backlog is large? Product Owner? Developers? Project Manager? If nobody cares then it isn’t a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filter out the noise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there is, why do they care? Maybe your developers care because they see a lot of noise in the product backlog, things that they shouldn’t be working on. If that is the problem then just make sure the developers don’t see the low impact items until those items get prioritised. If your product backlog is electronic then you can use some kind of filtering for this. If the product backlog is cards on a wall, then put the non-prioritised cards somewhere else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be your product owner who hates wading through low value defects when they prioritise the backlog. Filtering can help here too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the tester cares because it makes the fault statistics look bad. In that case check where these figures are being reported and see if any anybody else cares. If the higher ups don’t care then persuade your tester not to care. Alternatively negotiate reporting something else, e.g. only high and medium impact defects and exclude low defects, or report number of defects in each category. This is also essentially a filtering solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop logging low impact defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have to do something to reduce the number of defects on the list then you can, as Jo suggests, just stop logging low impact bugs. The only trouble with ignoring low impact defects in this way is that throwing the card away doesn’t fix the problem. There is a risk that people will keep noticing the same faults and raising them again. None-the-less you might find that risk worthwhile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Close off low impact defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a bit similar to not logging low impact defects at all. In this case you don’t fix the problem but decide it is never going to be fixed and just close the ticket. Same risk that it’ll be raised again, but might not matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prune the backlog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you retain the full list of defects you’ll have to prune the product backlog occasionally as the list will become stale. Over time, because of changes to the system, some items will become irrelevant. Irrelevant defects are just clutter and should be purged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Batch the defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to batch related defects together. They might be low impact and low value individually but in combination their overall value will increase. For example you might group together a set of “email” defects and get the product owner to priortise these grouping rather than the individual items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Blitz the defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common tactic is to blitz the defects. That means allocating the whole team to fixing defects for a sprint. This often happens immediately before a major launch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix some every sprint&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also common to allocate a certain proportion of effort to fixing faults each sprint. I advocate giving the technical team time each sprint to fix technical debt and fixing faults can be rolled into that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate the tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last and best of the nine strategies is to push automated testing. The goal with automated testing is that all defects are addressed within the sprint thus the number of defects that need to be logged are vastly reduced. And the step of logging the defect can be often replaced by writing a new test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T05:40:26.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-30T06:54:42.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today, Test Automation is considered as one of the most trending term in the field of software testing, as it is considered as one of the most efficient as well as effective software methodology, making the overall software development/testing life cycle better and taking it to some different level. These days as software testing is moving towards automation, most of the software testers as well as QAs are switching themselves from Manual testing to Automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the reasons, why automation testing is considered as one of the trending methodology and has a vital scope:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation testing saves time as well as money.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is considered as cost effective method,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increases Test Coverage,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Makes testing more accurate,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better Execution control,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides better and concise results,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optimized resource usage, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these reasons make automation testing more effective as well as more efficient, resulting in better test outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16975" LastEditorUserId="16975" LastEditDate="2016-07-01T06:23:21.717" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T06:23:21.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17728" CreationDate="2016-03-30T07:44:35.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;F12 to bring developer tools in either of the browsers you are using, and switch to either Console or Network to see the load times of the page elements you are trying to track the load times for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It&lt;code&gt;s pretty straight forward to use, if you&lt;/code&gt;re stuck anywhere, PM me and I can give a hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T07:44:35.557" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17235" CreationDate="2016-03-30T08:02:47.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure what version of TFS you are currently using, but you can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Work -&gt; Backlog -&gt; Current sprint -&gt; And in the top header you should have a NEW button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating them via this route will add them to the current sprint board - and you can drag/drop their position as you wish. Or you can link them to a current PBI/User story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T08:02:47.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17803" CreationDate="2016-03-30T08:22:22.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;By using TestNG.xml we can easily run number of test cases on multiple browser. Is it right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot; parallel=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browserType&quot; value=&quot;firefox&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;class name=&quot;crossBrowserTesting.Magento_RAR_Framework&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browserType&quot; value=&quot;chrome&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;class name=&quot;crossBrowserTesting.Magento_RAR_Framework&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test3&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browserType&quot; value=&quot;ie&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;class name=&quot;crossBrowserTesting.Magento_RAR_Framework&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Suite --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T08:22:22.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-30T08:56:31.993" Score="-1" ViewCount="5670" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get the following error when I run my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.testng.TestNGException: &#xA;Cannot instantiate class com.SF.TestCases.Administrator_Test_Case&#xA;at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:40)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance1(ClassHelper.java:382)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance(ClassHelper.java:295)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getDefaultInstance(ClassImpl.java:118)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getInstances(ClassImpl.java:183)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.TestNGClassFinder.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestNGClassFinder.java:128)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.initMethods(TestRunner.java:416)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:242)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:212)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestRunner.java:166)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG$1.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG.java:143)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG$DelegatingTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG.java:272)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner$ProxyTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(SuiteRunner.java:587)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.init(SuiteRunner.java:161)&#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(SuiteRunner.java:114)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunner(TestNG.java:1290)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunners(TestNG.java:1277)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1131)&#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1048)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:112)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:205)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:176)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:29)&#xA;... 21 more&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull(Preconditions.java:212)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FluentWait.java:102)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(WebDriverWait.java:71)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(WebDriverWait.java:45)&#xA;at com.SF.Pages.SFQA_Administrator.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(SFQA_Administrator.java:17)&#xA;at com.SF.TestCases.Administrator_Test_Case.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Administrator_Test_Case.java:16)&#xA;... 26 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.SF.Pages;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;&#xA;public class SFQA_Administrator {&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver1;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver1,20);&#xA;By SysopUserName = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_UserName&quot;);&#xA;By SysopPassword = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_Password&quot;);&#xA;By AdminLoginButton = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_ButtonSubmit&quot;);&#xA;By JobManagementandMonitoringlink = By.linkText(&quot;Job Management and Monitoring&quot;);&#xA;By RunJobbutton = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_GridViewJobs_ctl09_btnRun&quot;);&#xA;WebElement RunJobBut;&#xA;&#xA;//Constructor&#xA;public SFQA_Administrator(WebDriver driver)&#xA;{&#xA;    this.driver1=driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void Startup()&#xA;{&#xA;    driver1.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void LogintoAdministrator(String Uname, String Pass)&#xA;{&#xA;    driver1.findElement(SysopUserName).sendKeys(Uname);&#xA;    driver1.findElement(SysopPassword).sendKeys(Pass);&#xA;    driver1.findElement(AdminLoginButton).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public void JobListPage() {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;    driver1.findElement(JobManagementandMonitoringlink).click();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver1.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Job list&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void runjob()&#xA;{&#xA;    if(driver1.findElement(RunJobbutton).isDisplayed())&#xA;    {&#xA;        RunJobBut.click();&#xA;    Assert.assertFalse(driver1.findElement(RunJobbutton).isDisplayed(), &quot;The Run Job Button is Hidden in IF Loop&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(RunJobbutton));&#xA;        RunJobBut.click();&#xA;        Assert.assertFalse(driver1.findElement(RunJobbutton).isDisplayed(), &quot;The Run Job Button is Hidden in Else Loop&quot;);&#xA;    }               &#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my Test Case code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.SF.TestCases;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import com.SF.Pages.SFQA_Administrator;&#xA;&#xA;public class Administrator_Test_Case{&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;SFQA_Administrator logon = new SFQA_Administrator(driver);&#xA;By RunJobbutton = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_GridViewJobs_ctl09_btnRun&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void AdministratorLogin() {&#xA;    logon.Startup();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;    logon.LogintoAdministrator(&quot;user&quot;,&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;    String Title = &quot;Welcome to Admin site&quot;;&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(Title));  &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void JobListPageValidation()&#xA;{&#xA;logon.JobListPage();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void checkRunbutton()&#xA;{&#xA;logon.runjob();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know how to fix this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17518" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-03-30T10:52:19.287" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T20:23:13.383" Title="'Cannot instantiate class' error in Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2017-10-08T14:49:15.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17838" CreationDate="2016-03-30T08:58:18.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll need to turn &lt;code&gt;browser.ignoreSynchronization = true&lt;/code&gt; on when you are accessing a non-angular page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If It's pop up then, &#xA;just as information for other possible users, I modified a bit the promise handle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var handles = handlePromise.then(function (handles) {&#xA;    popUpHandle = handles[1];&#xA;    var handle = browser.switchTo().window(popUpHandle);&#xA;    handle = browser.getWindowHandle();&#xA;    expect(handle).toEqual(popUpHandle);&#xA;    browser.driver.executeScript('window.focus();');&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it worked beautifully. After this point I could send the data to the inputs in the window and do whatever I wanted with it. Pretty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may check this site-&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://engineering.wingify.com/posts/angularapp-e2e-testing-with-protractor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://engineering.wingify.com/posts/angularapp-e2e-testing-with-protractor/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T00:52:27.187" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T00:52:27.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17849" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-30T09:19:01.427" Score="5" ViewCount="3777" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone tell me the basic test scenarios and checklist for ETL process testing for beginner level with any example ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T11:40:16.787" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T12:01:01.850" Title="ETL testing- checklist for testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;etl&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17849" CreationDate="2016-03-30T10:49:53.293" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;ETL Testing is one of the scenarios where the testing is straightforward but the coding is complicated.  As an overview, you should be looking to test each of the elements: Extract, Transform and Load individually and then all of them again as an integrated process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the systems I've tested in the past, failures would be flagged and stored, allowing a manual operator to intervene and do what ever needed doing to make the data right.  Your system may not need this fallback option but I would suggest that there's some thought given to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a testing perspective, this appears to be the simplest step.  You need to prove that the target data can be extracted and stored.  You need to know what data is available and then prove that, after the extraction process, you have all the data you expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you need all the data or just a subset of the fields?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you need all the data or just a subset of the records?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What format should the extracted data be in?  (Windows, Unix... that sort of thing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will the new repository have enough storage capacity?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will the new repository be accessible to the Transformation process?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if data doesn't extract correctly?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the extraction is automated and runs daily, what happens over a weekend or a long bank holiday if there's a problem?  Does it queue up, is it time stamped?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is the environment kept clean?  What happens to stale extracted data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the extraction process handle unexpected / invalid data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Transformation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the bit that everyone focuses on but is usually the bit that's the simplest (as in most traditional) in that it involves a tester proving that some code does what it should.  As such, you can expect the defect cycle (finding and fixing) to be the most predictable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing Transformation is all about getting the right data.  Understand what each of the transformation rules are and what data boundaries will affect it.  I usually spend a great deal of time planning and refining my data requirements and thrashing through the transformation rules with the Developers and Business Owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would isolate each transformation rule and test it in isolation, then identify any transformation rules that overlap and test each overlapping area in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does each transformation rule do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is each rule doing the right thing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What data does it affect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What format of input data is expected?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What format of output data should be generated?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the expected real life data boundaries?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much data is the transformation process expected to handle in a given time period?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if one or more transformation rule fails?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if the data extract contains invalid data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Load&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Much like the Extraction phase, this seems simple on paper.  All you're doing is loading data into a new system.  You need to know what data you have and then how it looks in the final respository after the upload process.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this, of course, you need to be able to interrogate the final respository directly, avoiding any additional &quot;Extract&quot; stages that could muddy the water.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you query the data, are you seeing what's -actually- there or something that's been packaged by another process?  (which would be bad)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What format of data does the upload process require?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How quickly does it need to upload the data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if the upload fails?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if the same data is uploaded multiple times?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if invalid data is uploaded?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bearing in mind that the data should be in its permanent home, what is the performance of the system like?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will it be able to expand to handle future data loads?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By this point, you're confident that all the individual -technical- elements are working but now you have to test the business processes that make it all work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often does the end to end process happen?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the right tasks happen in the right order?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there enough time available for each process to complete before the next one kicks off?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What happens if one or more of the phases fails?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How is the automated process monitored to ensure that everything is working?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Over time, the acceptable input data criteria may change.  What contingencies are in place to ensure that today's system will still be working in 5 years time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's a starter for 10.  I hope it gives you some ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-04-07T06:56:22.040" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T06:56:22.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17851" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-30T11:07:41.857" Score="0" ViewCount="316" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to sign up. There are following fields in the signup form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;email&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;confirm password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After signing up I am redirected to home page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using CSV data set the config to create multiple users. When I look into the request I send (in view result tree) then all the data in csv are sent in the request. But the HTTP request which redirected me to home page fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can be done so that I will redirect to the home page? Is there anything I am missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; I am redirected to the home page if I use individual data instead of CSV for the same test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16329" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T04:55:25.547" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T15:27:12.343" Title="JMeter CSV data set config" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17849" CreationDate="2016-03-30T13:06:33.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got some information in web for ETL testing as below points, Is it useful for me ..Awaiting for your suggestion and feedback&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Verify data is mapped correctly from source to target system&#xA;Verify all tables and their fields are copied from source to target&#xA;Verify keys configured to be auto-generated are created properly in target system&#xA;Verify that null fields are not populated&#xA;Verify data is neither garbled nor truncated&#xA;Verify data type and format in target system is as expected&#xA;Verify there is no duplicity of data in the target system&#xA;Verify transformations are applied correctly&#xA;Verify that the precision of data in numeric fields is accurate&#xA;Verify exception handling is robust&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reconciliation check- record count between the STG (staging) tables and target tables are same after applying filter rules&#xA;Insert a record which is not loaded into target table for given key combination&#xA;Copy records, sending same records that are already loaded into target tables-should not be loaded&#xA;Update a record for a key when value columns changed on day_02 loads&#xA;Delete the records logically in the target tables&#xA;Values loaded by process tables&#xA;Values loaded by reference tables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check if the target and source data base are connected well and there are no access issues.&#xA;For a full load, check the truncate option and ensure its working fine.&#xA;While loading the data, check for the performance of the session&#xA;Check for non-fatal errors.&#xA;Verify you can fail the calling parent task if the child task fails.&#xA;Verify that the logs are updated&#xA;Verify mapping and workflow parameters are configured accurately&#xA;Verify the number of tables in source and target systems is the same&#xA;Compare the attributes from stage tables to that of the target tables. They should be matched.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Display date and time&#xA;Decimal precision for key figures&#xA;In a given page display the number of rows and columns&#xA;Free characteristics in the report&#xA;How are blank values/data displayed for both characteristics and key figures in the report&#xA;Whether search for characteristics is based on key or key&amp;amp;text as applicable&#xA;Does search option on text is case sensitive- Upper, Lower or both&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T13:06:33.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17861" CreationDate="2016-03-30T15:11:48.320" Score="0" ViewCount="4223" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a test automation engineer and use Java with Selenium Webdriver for scripting my tests. My question is this-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A webpage has a header with columns, along with column filters. It is similar to MS Excel column filters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have to apply filters column by column to finally arrive at a single record.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Double click on the record to proceed with my test execution.&#xA;Can anyone tell me how I can achieve this using Java and Selenium Webdriver?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7819" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T18:07:01.440" Title="How to select a record by applying filters in columns using Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17856" CreationDate="2016-03-30T16:06:06.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Click on elements (locate them by any appropriate means) in webdriver exactly like user does. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know how to do it by hand, make webdriver to perform same actions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not know how to do it by hand, learn how.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T16:06:06.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-03-30T17:19:02.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like dgmora's answer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Op, I am in the same position as you.  I avoided learning automation because I either thought the learning curve would be too large or that the time/maintenance time to get things up and running made it not an option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a result, in our previous projects (without automation) we ended up having gaps due to not being able to regress efficiently.  Also, we ended up with stale manual tests, because test maintenance can also be an issue for manual tests as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I finally bit the bullet and started learning to automate.  It was much easier to get going than I thought, but it also changed my whole view of testing.  Automation is just another tool in your toolbox.  You wont want to automate everything, but in the long run, the things you do automate will free up time for you to focus on more important things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wish I knew this, because not having automation suites built, it became UN-maintainable for us.  With hours in meetings and working on multiple releases and multiple projects, when our test phases began, we were way in over our heads.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tl;Dr&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1)Automation methods are just more tools in your tool box (like manual methods)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2)Not everything can or should be automated.  Some things can only be tested through automation, and other things are just more efficient to automate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3)By using the best, most efficient tools for each task, you'll increase your coverage, reliability, and hopefully free up time to address quality in other ways.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4)For both manual and automated, if you develop maintainable tests and continue trying to optimize, you can only help your efforts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16984" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T17:19:02.657" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17856" CreationDate="2016-03-30T17:54:36.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Peter Masiar said, you'll do it the same way you would do it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record the steps you manually perform to complete this. (ex: (1)Select column A filter and enter value, (2)Select column B filter and enter value, etc. etc. Finally, Click on result)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write the automation code to complete these actions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step (2) is going be highly dependent on the nature of your form.  Ex:  Are the columns static?  What are the values that can be entered in the filters? What is the goal of the test(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are trying to test that the filters work as expected (ex: Find all applicable results, and DO NOT find invalid results, then I might do something like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code that filters column A by some entry or value selection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code to check each presented result to match entry value to result field value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some method of determining that ALL results were found (ex: a database query and comparing the number of results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I would expand this to use a &quot;data driven&quot; approach so that you can test combinations of which columns you filter with specific values and combinations.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16984" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T17:54:36.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9073" CreationDate="2016-03-30T19:08:12.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do the below two things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a database snapshot before the test begins and restore to that snapshot after the test run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create an actual backup through your application and restore to the backup post run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While approach 1 is less of hassle please be advised that the snapshots are not actual copy of the full database and can not be considered as reliable backups to fall to. The second approach is more expensive in terms of time but is more robust and reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17529" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T19:08:12.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9073" CreationDate="2016-03-30T21:52:47.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would have each test create its own test data before execution. So if the application has different users, then create a unique user and any data needed for that test. That way data for one test does not interfere with any other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use snapshots it can get confusing to keep track of which data was for which test as the number of tests increases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-03-30T21:52:47.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-30T22:13:33.173" Score="0" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using MS Test Manager to manage my test cases and looking for a certification course for Test Manager and automation testing using Coded UI. Any suggestions on finding a company that offers MS certification for Test Manager and VS automated test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17534" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T17:19:34.783" Title="MS test Manager Training?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17867" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-31T01:34:10.603" Score="1" ViewCount="1087" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Visual Studio 2015 to run a Web Performance test on our web site. The site uses SSL throughout. The tests run correctly on our 'production' site, but now I need to run them on our 'Staging' site. The staging site does not have a valid security certificate. When I run a webtest, I get the error: &quot;Request failed: The request was aborted: Could not create SSL/TLS secure channel&quot; on every request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In browsers (Firefox, Chrome), I can circumvent the 'Your connection is not secure' page by clicking on 'Advanced', and storing an exception. How can I do this in my performance tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do I need to do to get my webtests running on the 'staging' site?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17535" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T15:27:42.233" Title="How to store security certificate exception for webtest" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2023" CreationDate="2016-03-31T03:30:14.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is solving issue with send keys (For IE 11 issue)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   IWebElement name= Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;   executor.ExecuteScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, name);&#xA;   name.SetAttribute(&quot;value&quot;,&quot;Text name&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17537" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-03-31T11:20:08.697" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T11:20:08.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17385" CreationDate="2016-03-31T04:09:59.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't have a big backlog then you don't need to deal with it. I think to manage what you have currently, in addition to all the good points already presented to you by others, you have to figure out the phase(s) most defects are injected too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my understanding of the Agile theory, defects are technical debt, you don't really allocate time in a sprint to work on technical debt. Each sprint has a clear goal -- working on stories. I know in reality teams may allocate resource on the side to tackle on technical debt, but this means it should at the same time take away resource from the sprint (lower velocity), and this is rightly so to avoid more defects injected due to lack of proper resource/time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience, unless your backlog is from legacy code (days before being Agile), you should look at your &quot;done criteria&quot; for your Agile stories. When a story is done, it should be &quot;done done&quot;, not just code written ready for QA. If too many defects come our of these story, you should make sure necessary testing is in the storys' done criteria. Hopefully your backlog will shrink this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T04:09:59.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1811" CreationDate="2016-03-31T04:31:47.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry to mention another test management tool, I use Robot Framework. I really like the keyword-driven framework. In a short summary, you define a new keyword &quot;Login to XXX&quot;, and then all test cases can just use it. When you want to change the actual steps in the login process you change it in one place -- the keyword definition. Also, if done right, the test cases can be understood very very easily. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how one test case example looks like, it tests for a successful login on a portal page. The assertion can be improved but you get the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Open Browser      ${_PORTAL}    ${CHOSEN_BROWSER}&#xA;Input Text        login_user    ${VALID_USER}&#xA;Input Text        login_pass    ${VALID_PASSWORD}&#xA;Page Should Not Contain  Invalid Email or Password&#xA;Click Button      xpath=//html/body/div[1]/div[4]/div[2]/div/div/div/form/fieldset/div/button&#xA;Page Should Not Contain  Invalid Email or Password&#xA;Close Browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T04:31:47.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17872" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-31T04:54:15.203" Score="1" ViewCount="1097" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a best tool for use to load up data and do a comparison large sets of data apart from Excel in a customizable way? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17538" LastActivityDate="2016-07-03T20:13:06.923" Title="Need help with Data Comparison testing" Tags="&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-06T13:23:45.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17872" CreationDate="2016-03-31T05:13:04.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;How you are going to take data? Are you going to dumb the data from db or any external sources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to compare table data between tables in two different databases.use below tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dbsolo.com/datacomp.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.dbsolo.com/datacomp.html&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T05:13:04.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17872" CreationDate="2016-03-31T05:33:25.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.talend.com/products/data-quality/matrix&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Talend Open Studio for Data Quality&lt;/a&gt; is a great tool for data comparison, data validation and lot of other data testing features. You can upload data from different type of sources into it and perform the checks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But note that it is comparatively complex tool to begin with, so learning curve could be an important factor while choosing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T05:33:25.407" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-31T07:30:50.570" Score="0" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;I m using Bug tracking tool Mantis. At times i need to view the issues on the basis of Defect type. Can I have this in the GRID to make things easier and up going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4663" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T06:04:45.703" Title="For Mantis, can the DEFECT TYPE field be displayed in the grid?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17876" CreationDate="2016-03-31T08:06:31.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is 'Defect Type' custom field? If is, read this topic, it should help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mantisbt.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=4&amp;amp;t=8621&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.mantisbt.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=4&amp;amp;t=8621&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I'm sorry I have no enough reputation to comment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T08:06:31.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-31T09:04:39.883" Score="4" ViewCount="3647" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have been assigned a task to create a Testing process in the company. Our company uses Agile methodology. &#xA;  The task is to create a generic plan which determines the role of a QA/Tester in the complete agile STLC.&#xA;  Scrum is what we are trying to implement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can assume the team of 4 developers and 1 QA.&#xA;Also please suggest if a separate developer for QA-Automation is required or the same QA with limited knowledge should be hired.&#xA;Currently we don't have any automation framework. Everything is being done from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your answers are valuable.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:12:25.443" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:12:25.443" Title="How to set up a Software testing process" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17851" CreationDate="2016-03-31T09:57:20.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In majority of cases it indicates missing or incorrect parameter, try the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cookie-manager-jmeter-not-cookie-jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your test plan. It might be the case that application expects a cookie and you need to send an appropriate one along with the redirect to home page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There might be a mandatory dynamic parameter which needs to be extracted from sign-up page response and passed to home page request. If it is the case - you'll need to get it with i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;, convert to &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Variable&lt;/a&gt; and use onwards. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The best way to get to the bottom of any unexpected behaviour is capturing traffic from real browser and JMeter using sniffer tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://wireshark.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wireshark&lt;/a&gt;, compare requests and ensure that requests you send with JMeter are absolutely the same as for browser (apart from dynamic parameters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T09:57:20.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-31T10:40:25.073" Score="0" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.digitalmqc.automation.ff.projectstests;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.digitalmqc.automation.ff.projectspages.loginpage;&#xA;import com.digitalmqc.automation.utils.LoginTypes;&#xA;//import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;&#xA;public class CbaLoginandhomepagetest &#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    //WebElement w;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void cbalogin() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;    LoginTypes type=PageFactory.initElements(driver,LoginTypes.class );&#xA;    type.cbachromeLogin();&#xA;    loginpage login=PageFactory.initElements(driver, loginpage.class);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000L);&#xA;    login.cbclogin(&quot;abc&quot;,&quot;abc@gmail.com&quot;,&quot;xyz&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; /* &#xA; */&#xA;package com.digitalmqc.automation.ff.projectspages;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.CacheLookup;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * @author user&#xA; *&#xA; */&#xA;public class loginpage&#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public loginpage(WebDriver ldriver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.driver=ldriver;&#xA;    }&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH,using=&quot;.//*[@id='cbDomain']&quot;)&#xA;    @CacheLookup&#xA;    WebElement domain;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH,using=&quot;.//*[@id='cbUname']&quot;)&#xA;    @CacheLookup&#xA;    WebElement username;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH,using=&quot;.//*[@id='cbPwd']&quot;)&#xA;    @CacheLookup&#xA;    WebElement password;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH,using=&quot;.//*[@id='ssoForm']/p[2]/button&quot;)&#xA;    @CacheLookup&#xA;    WebElement submit;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.LINK_TEXT,using=&quot;.//*[@id='ssoForm']/p[3]/a&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement forgotpassword;&#xA;&#xA;    public void cbclogin(String domain_name,String uname,String pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        domain.sendKeys(domain_name);&#xA;        username.sendKeys(uname);&#xA;        password.sendKeys(pass);&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17540" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-03-31T11:17:12.603" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T12:18:43.153" Title="Showing Null pointer exception can you please help me check code below" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17878" CreationDate="2016-03-31T10:42:02.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been the guy that you're looking to hire a few times and I've looked at any number of job specs from various companies.  There are plenty of examples out there, if you pretend to be looking for a testing role which will provide you with a basic template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it's acceptable for a tester to set up a test framework.  I'd certainly not recommend paying the salary of a whole other employee just to set one up.  At the very worst, I'd look for a tester with automation experience and then perhaps dedicate 0.5 of an existing developer resource to fill in any gaps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As someone who's hired and been hired a number of times, I'd definitely recommend that you include in your job spec the skills that your company actually need.  I've seen so many cookie-cutter job specs that don't -really- tell you what they're looking for, or just list the most vanilla testing skills as requirements.  Be as specific as you can.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T10:42:02.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17883" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="40439" CreationDate="2016-03-31T11:32:42.227" Score="1" ViewCount="1004" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use tests checking their preconditions with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assumeThat(preconditionX, isSatisfied());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that throws &lt;code&gt;SkipException&lt;/code&gt; when not satisfied. As a result I have 2 of 73 tests skipped while build in Jenkins is still green.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Skipped tests actually do not mean the build is broken but rather that environment or tests setup is wrong. But to me both things are important to be monitored. I cannot imagine to have a whole build green, if all tests are skipped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to mark a build as unstable if at least one test is skipped?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T20:59:54.400" Title="Marking build as unstable if tests are skipped" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17878" CreationDate="2016-03-31T12:17:13.427" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;QA’s role in the 4 Agile meetings: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, QA teams need to be focused on lean, flexible process, tools,&#xA;and documentation which comes in stark contrast to traditional QA&#xA;methodologies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, QA teams need to be focused on a collaboratively working&#xA;environment, one focused on trust and doing things for the betterment&#xA;of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, QA teams need to embrace the idea that getting tasks&#xA;completed as quickly as possible dictates that they ask themselves&#xA;what value each work task provides. If a task holds little value or&#xA;does not move the team forward, work with the Scrum Master and the&#xA;team to decide whether or not the task can be eliminated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ultimately, being a productive Agile QA team member requires a little retraining on what is most important to the project: quickly having a quality releasable product.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:50:03.947" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T10:50:03.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17880" CreationDate="2016-03-31T12:18:43.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are not initializing the &lt;code&gt;Webdriver driver&lt;/code&gt; field anywhere in your &lt;strong&gt;Test&lt;/strong&gt; class. So you're essentially passing nothing to the &lt;strong&gt;Page&lt;/strong&gt; constructor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;driver = new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T12:18:43.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17878" CreationDate="2016-03-31T12:20:53.760" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coming to your 2nd question-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think your company should have one separate automation QA &amp;amp; it should have sufficient knowledge about automation Tool (Selenium, QTP…etc.). &#xA;Coming to Automation framework: First check your project domain, analyses it &amp;amp; choose any automation tool Like Selenium, QTP etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my exp. &lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt; is the best tool to perform automation testing.&#xA;You can use any framework in automation but if you want to select easy &amp;amp; reusable code then you must select – &lt;em&gt;Page Object Model framework in selenium&lt;/em&gt;, otherwise you may select –Data Driven framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T05:29:03.707" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T05:29:03.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17888" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-03-31T17:49:28.543" Score="2" ViewCount="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you use the bugs that you find while testing to get more attention to refactoring and improving the overall code base and re-writing particularly troublesome sections of code that have been proven as buggy, hard-to-maintain or poorly written?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17547" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-04-01T11:25:48.523" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T11:25:48.523" Title="How do you use bugs to drive refactoring the code base?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17888" CreationDate="2016-03-31T22:25:33.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might consider establishing unit tests (NUnit,XUnit,JUnit,etc...) in more troublesome places (or a seperate project) and once sufficient tests are in place inact some form of continuous integration to auto-run the tests in some form of pre-commit hook.&#xA;Using Jenkins for example, you can track some metrics which will give you some fire power on the importance of refactoring poorly written code.&#xA;In other words, you want to be able to say confidently &quot;X hours are spent monthly fixing bugs in location A. The total number of bugs found in location A is Y. Therefore, I recommend fixing location A.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16064" LastActivityDate="2016-03-31T22:25:33.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17891" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-01T07:54:02.963" Score="0" ViewCount="3485" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to store the &quot;FHCS79&quot; out of &quot;Your booking number is FHCS79&quot; in a variable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeText css=h2 string&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;echo ${string}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the smoothest way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17556" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T10:19:39.930" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T10:19:39.930" Title="Selenium IDE: Save a specific part of a string in a variable" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17892" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17908" CreationDate="2016-04-01T11:54:08.163" Score="3" ViewCount="14553" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently am using selenium-java-2.53.0,can you tell me which is the most stable FF version for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T11:28:40.843" Title="Selenium Web driver and Mozilla Firefox Compatibility" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17892" CreationDate="2016-04-01T12:39:55.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure about -most- stable but I'm running it with the latest version of Firefox (45.0.1) and none of my scripts have stopped working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T12:39:55.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12508" CreationDate="2016-04-01T13:55:55.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two alternative methods of performing the task you require;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://example.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;navigate().to() Navigate().GoToUrl and get() do exactly the same thing so it really comes down to which works for you and fits your coding preferences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T13:55:55.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17895" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-01T14:56:55.550" Score="3" ViewCount="31234" Body="&lt;p&gt;The website I'm testing has been built with Visual Studio C#. The dropdown menus I'm to test don't use the usual format of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    ...&#xA;    ...&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, they're built:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input name=&quot;exampleName&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; class=&quot;rcbInput&quot; id=&quot;exampleInput&quot;&#xA;  value=&quot;exampleValue&quot; readonly=&quot;readonly&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With each value appearing lower down in the code as a list item. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of these list items is within an structure like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Form &gt; rcbSlide &gt; ... &gt; rcbList &gt; ul &gt; li&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where li objects are the values in the dropdown menu. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to know is, how can I select a dropdown value in this structure?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I use the standard &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.whatever()))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives me an error saying something along the lines of 'Select' expected, got 'input'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17561" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T06:50:45.667" Title="How to select options from &lt;Input&gt; based dropdown menus in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17895" CreationDate="2016-04-01T15:12:46.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.whatever()))&lt;/code&gt; is working only for &lt;code&gt;select HTML tag&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to select &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input name=&quot;exampleName&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; class=&quot;rcbInput&quot; id=&quot;exampleInput&quot;  value=&quot;exampleValue&quot; readonly=&quot;readonly&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So follow this steps for solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First click on this &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@id='exampleInput']&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then select/click your li element same as above example. &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;li xpath&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note : li xpath depends on your HTML code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know If any query regarding this answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T15:12:46.597" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10342" CreationDate="2016-04-01T17:23:01.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='contentText']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[10]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/strong[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That XPath should be drastically shortened.  That is likely to fail if you are testing in different browsers and if anything ever changes on the page it could throw a false positive due to it looking at the wrong element.  I recommend looking up &quot;Relative XPaths&quot; and also &quot;XPath Axes&quot;, but I could demonstrate a better XPath for you if you posted a screenshot of the HTML and the web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on what you posted, you could do something like:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;//table[@id ='something'&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;@class='Something that identifies this specific table']//tr[contains(text(), 'something to identify the row')&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;./text() = 'Exact Text Match']//strong[2]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually with table rows I end up identifying the row based on the text from a cell within the row.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;//table[@id ='something'&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;@class='Something that identifies this specific table']//tr[.//td[contains(text(), 'something to identify the row')&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;./text() = 'Exact Text Match']]//td//strong[2][contains(text(), 'Partial Text Match')&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;./text() = 'Exact Text Match']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17565" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-04T11:37:06.163" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T11:37:06.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-01T19:29:26.723" Score="4" ViewCount="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MSO8W.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MSO8W.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above is the picture which has lot options to create requirement-based suites which i am not able to see on my TFS online. Do i have to change some setting to make it visible. the below is my TFS online image.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dKNRt.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dKNRt.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T19:29:26.723" Title="TFS 2015 online not able to see many options." Tags="&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-03T11:23:15.417" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17900" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17901" CreationDate="2016-04-01T20:48:01.770" Score="1" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;When writing a test plan to check that a page displays certain things, should I write separate tests for each item, or one test total? For example, User Acceptance Criteria states &quot;The page should display name, address, and phone number.&quot; Which of the following is better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirm name, address, and phone number are present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirm name is present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirm address is present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirm phone number is present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm testing manually for now with the intention of implementing automated testing eventually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16345" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-01T21:19:59.073" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T00:01:43.777" Title="For pages displaying multiple things: separate tests plans or one for all?" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17900" CreationDate="2016-04-01T21:07:42.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a good question although the answer is &quot;it depends&quot; until you define &quot;better&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first way (1 test checks all assertions) is better for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more compact code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quicker tests, only 1 setup needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easier to maintain tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quicker development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second way (1 test for each assertion) is better for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;encouraging more specific and descriptive test and error reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;making each test specific to just one thing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;smaller tests that are easier to distribute and run in parallel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;teams with more resources to maintain all the extra boiler-plate code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll often hear the &quot;1 assertion per test&quot; rule or guideline but I have found that in some cases, such as ui tests, if you want to go to a page and then verify that 15 pieces of information show correctly based on a given set of conditions, having 15 test cases with setup and tear-down for each one is too much to maintain and too slow to run frequently&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-01T23:47:08.317" LastActivityDate="2016-04-01T23:47:08.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3939" CreationDate="2016-04-02T00:01:06.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an Agile environment think of a test plan less in terms of a formal document and more as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;a conversation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that sometimes will result in documentation, sometimes detailed, sometimes none.  The key thing is to go over logic, conditions, exceptions and the like with the developer(s) &lt;em&gt;before they start coding&lt;/em&gt; to both determine how to test the change and also to think of what other consequences should be considered. This is the best point in an Agile environment to add value as a QA person.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The earlier you can add such input the easier and the less it will cost the company in rework and bad data.  It's more effective to build in quality than to have to criticize and retro-fit afterwards. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can require Quality Engineers to be more engaged and proactive than in traditional waterfall environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the feature or change is anything more than trivial and you or another will be testing the change in the future under various conditions expecting certain results to see how it works you will want to document any key points uncovered in the conversation for testing in a test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test plans developed in this way fit in well with the core Agile principles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Individuals and interactions over processes and tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working software over comprehensive documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer collaboration over contract negotiation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Responding to change over following a plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-02T01:29:49.970" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T01:29:49.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="585" CreationDate="2016-04-02T00:27:59.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Static functions / Single line variables&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easier to read more at once on the screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easier to maintain naming subclasses with more visible for cmparison&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can have a global scope (generally a bad thing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;PageObject Class with functions&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easier to subclass and lends itself to mixing in modules in a more modular fashion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scoped and namespaced to the class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our PageObject approach for identify page elements has gone through a number of transformations! See below.&#xA;My takeaway from this is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The actual form used (variable, method, yaml, etc) became somewhat irrelevant.  In the end it is a file I am editing that I care about.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The hard part is using good naming and good selectors that are specific enough without being too specific or hard-coded so focus effort there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be willing to redo and rework whatever structure you have created from your naming as new data appears&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decide whether to have one central file or a bunch of different ones depending on the need.  Personally I have found one single file is the easiest to maintain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one line per finder as done with the variables or yaml file is the easiest way to see the most selectors at once and be able to group and name them in an organized fashion without duplicates and inconsistencies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Our Page Object journey:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially they were javascript variables included as a file in the seleniumIDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var footer='div#footer';&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These were then moved to a file and coded as ruby methods (similar to functions) in a PageObject class in a rails application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;... &#xA;def footer&#xA;  'div#footer'&#xA;end &#xA;... ```&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These were then moved to a yaml file and read in from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&#xA;footer: 'div#footer'&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T01:29:07.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17905" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18001" CreationDate="2016-04-02T04:41:10.803" Score="1" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm very new to testing and using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testlodge.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestLodge&lt;/a&gt; to create and manage all our non-unit testing work. I've just realized that I don't understand how to create an association between a test run and a version of our software. I thought that I could use the &quot;Name&quot; of the test run to capture this detail, but that seems weak. TestLodge does support custom fields and I could create a &quot;Software Version&quot; field, but the fact I need to create a custom field makes me think I'm approaching this wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: I misunderstood the custom fields as they apply to Test Runs; it will add a field to each Test Case in the run, but not a field to the Test Run &quot;container&quot; itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a common approach or best practice to associate a test run with a software version? Do you use the name? Do you create a new Test Plan for each version?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17571" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-09T19:01:57.483" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T19:01:57.483" Title="How do I associate a software version with a test run?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17906" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-02T05:41:54.820" Score="2" ViewCount="1237" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to capture image using webcam and save as profile image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the screenshot of my flash application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y8znG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y8znG.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are the steps I have to perform:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on allow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click on capture&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click on save&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17573" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T15:14:51.563" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T08:31:37.880" Title="How to capture image from webcam in selenum webdriver c#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17892" CreationDate="2016-04-02T07:15:06.287" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt; article the information can be obtained from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/CHANGELOG&quot;&gt;Selenium Changelog&lt;/a&gt;, for instance for Java client libraries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;v2.52.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;=======&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Firefox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Weakening platform restriction to enable 64-bit support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Fixing closed window handling in &lt;strong&gt;FF45&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my expectation is that version 2.52 and above were tested on Firefox 45 so it is fine to use Selenium 2.53 with Firefox 45. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Previous Firefox versions can be downloaded from &lt;a href=&quot;https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/&quot;&gt;Mozilla FTP site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-02T07:15:06.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-02T09:44:25.687" Score="0" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate a minimal form interface using Selenium to capture an element &amp;amp; later Java code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the challenge is the minimal form has only one input container which is constantly changing and the input container generates dynamic id's so finding the element by id name is not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The input container cannot be mapped with xpath because xpath also uses the id &#xA;eg. //md-select[@id='select_15'].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-03T19:42:37.573" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T08:25:41.563" Title="Automation script for Minimal Form Interface with dynamic ids" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-11T11:32:45.847" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17911" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17928" CreationDate="2016-04-03T10:49:25.103" Score="0" ViewCount="323" Body="&lt;p&gt;we have a module in our architecture which checks a SFTP(server)directory for new transmitted XML files, validates them against XSD and if successful it takes the XML file from the directory and does something with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is now: What is a good/the best way to tests this module automically. I know I could create XML files and check them against an XSD in eclipse using JAXB. But I want to create something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design a set of XML files which fail/pass the XSD-Valiadation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run these tests automically (Maven [/Jenkisn])&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whats the best way to do this? Putting the XML files in the &lt;code&gt;test/ressources&lt;/code&gt; folder of the maven module and writing JUnitTests which reads the testXMLS and the XSD and checks them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-03T14:14:53.043" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T14:37:24.090" Title="How to validate XML files against XSD (automatically)?" Tags="&lt;validation&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17883" CreationDate="2016-04-03T18:43:20.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;org.junit.assume &quot;is useful for stating assumptions about the conditions in which a test is meaningful&quot;. If a test isn't meanful (i.e. invalid given the circumstance) then it should be skipped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you want to look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/latest/org/junit/Assert.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Assert&lt;/a&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T18:43:20.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17883" CreationDate="2016-04-03T19:40:37.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wrap your &lt;code&gt;assumeThat&lt;/code&gt; in a method that creates a file whose presence indicates that at least one test was skipped.  Then add a build step that fails the build if that file is present.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could replace the file with a row in a database or whatever.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to replace &lt;code&gt;assumeThat&lt;/code&gt; with something that throws an Error.  I believe the report generated by the junior test runner already distinguishes between failures and errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-04-03T19:40:37.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-03T20:10:34.753" Score="2" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some 5 years ago I have learned about ISO 9001 (and TickIT adaptation for software industry), CMMI, Sig Sigma and about IEEE standards. Now the situation is changed. E.g. many important firms do not extend their CMMI certifications and smaller firms drop their ISO 9001 certification. What software quality assurance frameworks and methodologies are being used today?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Agile method is pervasive and it seems to me that all is based on experience and conventions on individual teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe there is available some report or review about the current situation. Which framework is prospective and so best to invest my time to learn it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17588" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-04-03T21:08:27.880" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T23:58:20.993" Title="What quality management framework is used today?" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-04T07:10:31.677" Score="0" ViewCount="377" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting random (Google) ads (banners) while automating the App test. The ads are covering the full screen of the device and there is one cross-mark at the top of the ad to close it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;autoacceptalert, false&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to close the ad but its not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions will be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17591" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-04-04T11:58:38.627" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T18:17:51.320" Title="IOS: How to handle the Google ads appearing randomly while automating the IOS App test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17910" CreationDate="2016-04-04T08:25:41.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this xpath for your selection &lt;code&gt;//md-select[contains(@id,'select')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contains function use for finding containing values. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abodeqa.com/2013/01/29/contains-and-starts-with-function-in-xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Refer This&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know If any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T08:25:41.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17973" CreationDate="2016-04-04T10:39:15.960" Score="0" ViewCount="1056" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've read about &lt;code&gt;UAT&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;Continuous Delivery&lt;/code&gt; by &lt;code&gt;Humble&lt;/code&gt;. It is mentioned that &lt;code&gt;UAT&lt;/code&gt; is a subset of user acceptance(UA). And &lt;a href=&quot;http://usersnap.com/blog/user-acceptance-testing-right/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;in another article&lt;/a&gt; that we need to do unit testing, component testing, system testing,... before &lt;code&gt;UAT&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is:  are the Unit testing or Component testing a subset of UAT? Is UAT larger than UA in scope?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17594" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T11:43:04.913" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T14:55:24.150" Title="Are Unit Testing, System Testing and Component Testing subsets of User Acceptance (UA)?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17923" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-04T10:48:22.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_flash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adobe Flash&lt;/a&gt; (formerly Macromedia Flash) is a cross-platform multimedia runtime used to embed animations, video, and interactive applications into web pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Versions&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The current stable version of Flash Player for Windows and Mac is 21.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adobe has discontinued Flash Player for Linux, however version 11.2 is still available for Linux.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google Chrome contains a special version of the Flash Player plugin targeting the Pepper API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Links&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/products/flash.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Product Site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adobe Flash (Wikipedia)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Adobe Flash Player (Wikipedia)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/archived-flash-player-versions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Previous versions of Flash Player&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-05T01:20:18.813" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T01:20:18.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17924" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-04T10:48:22.870" Score="0" Body="For questions on Adobe's cross-platform multimedia runtime used to embed animations, video, and interactive applications into web pages." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-05T01:20:15.343" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T01:20:15.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17922" CreationDate="2016-04-04T11:36:54.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on who uses the term.  Either of the orderings you described is possible.  If you hear or read someone using the term in an ambiguous way, and the ordering matters, ask them &lt;em&gt;which definition&lt;/em&gt; they are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T14:55:24.150" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T14:55:24.150" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17927" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-04T14:14:30.763" Score="1" ViewCount="3655" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having problem in writing test cases from a functional spec document. The doc has many different sections and each section has sub-sections, each one describing the new functionality or modification of existing features. My web application has many different user roles like &quot;Administrator, user etc. Each role can view different reports. If I write test cases for each user role/reports/functions, then number of cases would be in the thousands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SECTIONS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2.2.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2.2.2.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2.2.3.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2.2.4.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, should I club similar test cases? Please suggest a better way to write minimal no of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17400" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T09:17:16.373" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T12:30:11.643" Title="How to write Test cases from a functional design specification document?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17911" CreationDate="2016-04-04T14:37:24.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if you are the developer of the system or not but generally speaking it is the responsibility of the devs to write Unit Test (If you are a QA, remind them). Assuming that, as you mentioned &quot;Design a set of XML files which fail/pass the XSD-Valiadation&quot; is enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in high-level test, then maybe you want to have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/functional-testing/validating-messages/validating-xml-messages.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOAP UI&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T14:37:24.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17929" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-04T16:22:51.653" Score="2" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a sane way to organize our test scenarios and test plans. We have a quite modular application, which is customized for each customer. What else, each customer has several mutations of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, imagine a calculator, scientific calculator, programmable calculator and each of those in different languages or numerical systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, we have a separate test plan and list of scenarios for each customer-product combination. But the maintenance is a pain, because each time a feature gets changed, that is present in more products, we have to update several files. However, even some of the core features of the product, which are completely same for 9 customers are behaving differently for another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I think, we are missing, is some central document, which would describe all features together and from which we would then generate the test execution plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am not sure how to structure such a document, how to describe the &quot;common features&quot; and &quot;custom specials&quot; so these are maintainable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyone who has used something similar or solved similar problems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11640" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T15:01:26.810" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T02:35:56.963" Title="How to manage test scenarios of customizable application" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9615" CreationDate="2016-04-04T16:42:53.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked recently on a matrix for my team and found it to be a great exercise to refine my thoughts on testing. Here is an example topic, Defect Management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JP8Su.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JP8Su.png&quot; alt=&quot;Section 1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a couple of images of the Skill Matrix I developed and mentioned above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cqcqE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cqcqE.png&quot; alt=&quot;Section 1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My matrix covers the following areas. You may want to add or remove to suit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A great test matrix covers all the roles and experience levels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should cover these major areas with increasing levels of capability, this is not exhaustive but my initial pass and could be supplemented by any of you reading this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Defect Management&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clear communication, Reproducibility, Proper Prioritization, Isolating (minimal steps to reproduce),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Advance Defect Management&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Root cause analysis, Risk Management&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Modelling and Planning:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test plans, Mind Maps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Test Design:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selecting heuristics, Black Box Techniques, White Box techniques, Combinatorial Scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Test Approach:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TDD, Identifying appropriate techniques&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Automation:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tool selection, GUI and lower level test automation, working with developers, Continuous improvement integration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Business knowledge:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Product knowledge, Company/Culture awareness, cross departmental interactions, Industry interactions (learning from other testers, presenting at trade shows, writing papers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Technical Skills:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Networking, Databases, OSs, Coding, Development Frameworks, Presentation systems (Client, Web, Mobile)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Leadership:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teaching/Mentoring, Learning, Research Skills, Deductive reasoning, Pairing, Communication, asking questions, Critical Thinking, Systems Thinking, Time Management, Multitasking, Monitoring Progress, Testing Advocacy, Customer Advocacy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Communication:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Situational awareness, Social Skills, Diplomacy, Writing/Presentation Skills&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Risk Management:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Risk Assessment, Risk Control, Influencing overall development with a view to improve testability&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need more help please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17600" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T21:06:02.040" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17927" CreationDate="2016-04-04T16:50:34.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with I would want to know if  the functional requirements outline some type of data that state the function is working as documented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would then use a test case template that used the information above and then break down the expected results for each role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it would also be good to organize your test cases to be directly related to the functional requirements to help with your coverage analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17600" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T16:50:34.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17872" CreationDate="2016-04-04T16:56:50.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another tool that is very popular is RedGate, I have used it in the past with good results:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.red-gate.com/products/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.red-gate.com/products/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17600" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T16:56:50.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17866" CreationDate="2016-04-04T17:10:54.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your company has a subscription to PluralSight I would recommend them for some of your initial training.&#xA;Microsoft offers several certification programs here are a few:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/learning/mcsd-application-lifecycle-management.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/learning/mcsd-application-lifecycle-management.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17600" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T17:10:54.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17934" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-04T17:16:53.590" Score="0" ViewCount="983" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to test the performance of a Silverlight application using JMeter. can you please tell me is that possible? If it is possible, can you please provide me the detailed steps to be followed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17602" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T13:56:36.303" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T13:56:36.303" Title="Performance testing of a Silverlight application, using JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;silverlight&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-04-06T10:50:10.463" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17936" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17937" CreationDate="2016-04-04T18:56:49.327" Score="2" ViewCount="1040" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to both Automation and selenium. I am planning to write an automated tests for the UI using selenium web drivers in the py.test. I would like to know what is the best architecture (not the code) for designing the whole automation. The structure I am considering is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Framework level - contains modules for getting the page object, and functions like getItem, logout, login,logging, exceptions, startbrowser, getClickableObject, sendkeysandenter, generate report, waitforresponse, getting and releasing testbeds, loading the webdriver, Global test properties connections or any other generic functions etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests - get the page object, get the item by id, click,sendkeys,verify etc. Basically I want developing the tests to be as simple as possible and anyone can get aboard and write the tests without needing to know the details of implemenation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a good way for long term maintenance and ease of writing? Any other suggestions are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, two more questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do I have to store all the pages (something like page map) statically somewhere to verify the pages are loaded correctly. For example, an enter loads a particular page. My main concern with this way is what if the resultant page change? Does the corresponding test cases have to rewritten again?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any action in the UI sends a command to a particular device and changes it properties. The device has a Rest API which returns its properties and this can be used if the changes in the UI is reflected on the device.  Ideally, it would be better if this comparison is made for every test. If this might cause too much overhead, this can be made optional. Any better way to carry on this particular aspect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17606" LastEditorUserId="17606" LastEditDate="2016-04-04T23:09:55.217" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T23:09:55.217" Title="Architecture design for UI automation using selenium Web Driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17936" CreationDate="2016-04-04T22:49:27.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes and you're definitely ahead of the crowd already with the plan you've laid out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to using a Page Object Model, consider a central place for hard coded values (simple methods that return a string in some cases).  So the identifiers for the css locator for last_name are in one place (along with other css element  identifiers) and the other 'values' such as 'John' are stored together in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 'page map' if I understand you correctly will basically be provided by the test framework and webdriver interface.  If you are wondering where to store the page object identifier for a given page or set of pages that is largely up to you, your implementation and your preferences.  Personally I am inclined towards all identifiers being in one file. Other options are to break the identifiers up by page or by database based fields (and systematically named) in forms all being defined in one place vs. navigation elements being defined in one (or more) other places.&#xA;The language you use and style of your programmers will also influence this.  There are a lot of choices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your second question is about the updates getting made (I think).  This gets handled by the test framework and by learning about how to do implicit vs explicit waits for specific content for things like AJAX calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T22:49:27.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17929" CreationDate="2016-04-04T23:48:04.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you work with the developers to find out what are the core functions that all releases have in common, that becomes your initial Test Plan and also a potential source for your regression testing for the overall product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While having a discussion with the developers ask them which are the areas with the most risk both for the core functionality and what areas for each customized version for each customer are higher risk, this becomes your second, more in-depth sets of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second group of people I would work with are the people in your team that work with the customers and decide what should be customized for each one.&#xA;Ask them what are the customizations that are critical for each customer, this supplements the second set of tests above.&#xA;While discussing with this group ask them to provided you with what is being planned to improve the product so when they deliver those requests to the programmers they should deliver that to you and the team of testers as well.&#xA;This will supplement the tests you have created and keeps them current.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You then should make an estimate for how long it takes to test each one of the 4 lists above.&#xA;This will help you communicate when being asked to test the different applications how much time you will need, and if that is not possible what is can be tested (start from the top down) and what the risks are of not testing the applications in-depth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative you can suggest a staggered release so that you test a limited number of customizations first, maybe for your more critical customers or fixes and then test additional customer implementations later as time allows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17600" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T23:48:04.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17916" CreationDate="2016-04-04T23:58:20.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;CMMI. ISO, ITIL and Six-Sigma, to name the better known frameworks are still used but it depends on the company or organization.&#xA;And that leads me to suggest that you could either recommend one these or adapt and create one that meets the needs of your organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be helpful to have a discussion with other stakeholders in your organization to understand what would meet their needs; sometimes customers have to comply with specific frameworks and by your organization complying with those makes your organization be perceived in a more positive light with those customers, and it cannot hurt having that as the process for the customers who do not have a preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17600" LastActivityDate="2016-04-04T23:58:20.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17900" CreationDate="2016-04-05T00:01:43.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You also may consider that the complex the test the more defects will be associated with it.&#xA;My rule of thumb, and again context is important, is that a test should uncover one bug. The additional reason for thinking along these lines is that if you are going to automate your tests you want to be able to pinpoint quickly what the specific reason for the failure is, otherwise your troubleshooting of automation failures can be more time-consuming than necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17600" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T00:01:43.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17945" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18324" CreationDate="2016-04-05T06:56:51.863" Score="0" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am searching for Jmeter plugin or existing listener for graph result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to have Graph(s) against elapsed time&#xA;Label-number of users against elapsed time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T04:25:50.660" Title="Non Gui Jmeter graph" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17934" CreationDate="2016-04-05T07:49:14.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case of Silverlight application, you ll have to consider following points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JMeter basically tests performance of server by testing backend services. It has nothing to do with front end operations performed by AJAX or similar technologies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Silverlight is a front end technology and silverlight application mostly perform most of operation at front end.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So considering above points, if your Application is communicating with backend server; then you can definitely load test it (within scope of only those services). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another challenge while testing silverlight applications is monitoring/recording of traffic. If JMeter fails to record application traffic to server then you can use Fiddler to assist you in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, yes Silverlight application can be be tested via JMeter but there will be lot of limitations while doing the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T07:49:14.960" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17948" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-05T08:39:37.723" Score="0" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not a tester, but SQL Developer. Can you advise me about more propper (in your opinion) way to make automatic testing of TSQL. I use SQL 2008R2 and SQL2012.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see that there is only &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/803/database-code-unit-testing-tips&quot;&gt;one&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3514/ms-sql-server-sql-test-automation&quot;&gt;two&lt;/a&gt; such question, but they are old ('09 and '12). So is there some more advanced and newer way to make that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14690" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T15:12:50.637" Title="How to automatically test TSQL?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17922" CreationDate="2016-04-05T08:49:13.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depend how in the project the UAT is defined. There could be a document something as &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Testing Strategy&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; for UAT phase and this can define whether the Unit test results, code coverage metric, or whatever is a part of User acceptance tests in some manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not about subsets, but about the &lt;strong&gt;testing phases&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit testing is usually done by vendor developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Factory testing is usually done by vendor testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Integration testing is usually done by vendor and customer testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Acceptance testing is usually done by customer testers and &quot;business&quot; people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the other test phases are not included into UAT as UAT is just another test phase. Try to read some testing methodology, for example &lt;strong&gt;TMap-NEXT&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;ISTQB&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But according to my experience, part of the UAT -COULD BE- the check of resulting metrics of the previous phases, including unit test results, the static code analysis, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T11:36:29.930" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T11:36:29.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17950" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17959" CreationDate="2016-04-05T09:36:41.923" Score="0" ViewCount="763" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I find out the path where Insight object images are saved in the hard drive ? I need this value to update img src property for Descriptive programming in InsightObject(&quot;ImgSrc:=&quot;).I checked in Test folder under Snapshots but it has .rar files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T07:11:10.253" Title="How to find Img Src property value for Insight Objects in UFT for descriptive programming?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17951" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18229" CreationDate="2016-04-05T09:37:39.017" Score="-1" ViewCount="737" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is Penetration Testing a Tester's job/task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the available tools for penetration testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to perform penetration testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T04:22:13.400" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:29:45.097" Title="What is Penetration Testing? Why perform penetration testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17952" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-05T11:27:52.627" Score="0" ViewCount="3088" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am performing API testing using Jmeter, we have a API request which require authentication. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I make a call &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:3001/city/latitude/longitude&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:3001/city/latitude/longitude&lt;/a&gt; (GET method) it returns &lt;code&gt;User is not authorized&lt;/code&gt;. And to get authorization you require to call &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:3001/user&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:3001/user&lt;/a&gt; (POST method) passing username in json format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how can I make a authorized call on &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:3001/city/latitude/longitude&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:3001/city/latitude/longitude&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T15:35:53.710" Title="Authenticated API request in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17951" CreationDate="2016-04-05T11:50:05.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Penetration testing (also called pen testing) is the practice of testing a computer system, network or Web application to find vulnerabilities that an attacker could exploit.&#xA;Finding these vulnerabilities gives the opportunity to correct and prevent potential future occurrences.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Testers should consider security testing as part of their role.  The amount of resources to devote will depend on many factors such as company size, industry, product, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For tools, here is a list of 37:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/penetration-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/penetration-testing-tools/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The top 3 on  the list are:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/11/Metasploit-pentesting-tool.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/11/Metasploit-pentesting-tool.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/11/Wireshark-logo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/11/Wireshark-logo.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cdn2.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/11/w3af4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cdn2.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/11/w3af4.png&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools for penetration testing can be classified into two kinds: scanners and attackers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You perform penetration testing (without or without the use of a tool) by issuing network queries to find vulnerabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-05T11:55:33.747" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T11:55:33.747" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17963" CreationDate="2016-04-05T12:02:38.270" Score="0" ViewCount="780" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to use Microsoft Test Manager to manage regression testing of our product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One fairly key missing feature though as far as I can tell is that there is no way to see when a test case in the library/database was last run, when viewing a number of test cases from a query, i.e. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;| Test Title&lt;/strong&gt; ________________ &lt;strong&gt;| Last Run Date |&lt;br&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;| Test Something Works______ | 05-04-2016 | &lt;br&gt;&#xA;| Test Something Else Works__ | 01-01-2016 |&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I can view this History when viewing an individual Test Case within a plan, but I want to see this at a multi test case level, to drive whether or not I add that test to my plan for this round of regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17623" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T19:15:50.420" Title="Viewing 'Last Run Date' for a Test Case in Microsoft Test Manager" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9007" CreationDate="2016-04-05T12:22:35.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll share my case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had this issue with my Django selenium tests (django==1.7.12 and selenium==2.53.1) with ChromeDriver 2.21.371459 and Google Chrome 48.0.2564.116.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to isolate the issue. In my case it was happening only for pages referencing a static file (an image in a HTML  tag for instance &lt;a href=&quot;http://cdn.local.myproject.net/static/myimage.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://cdn.local.myproject.net/static/myimage.png&lt;/a&gt;) on my custom local cdn domain. The issue was not present if I used a relative path &quot;/static/myimage.png&quot; or localhost &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://127.0.0.1/static/myimage.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://127.0.0.1/static/myimage.png&lt;/a&gt; so I figured it was a DNS problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to bypass the problem by using the &lt;code&gt;--dns-prefetch-disable&lt;/code&gt; option of chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example in Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver import Chrome&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options&#xA;&#xA;chrome_options = Options()&#xA;chrome_options.add_argument('--dns-prefetch-disable')&#xA;driver = Chrome(chrome_options=options)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this is the general case but hopefully it can help some of you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17624" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T12:22:35.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17934" CreationDate="2016-04-05T13:33:18.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Load Runner is an performance testing tool for testing WEB/WINDOW/Mobile Applications. HP Load Runner has Unlimited expiration date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load Runner provides lot of Protocols, it includes Silver light also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer the Load Runner tutorial and make use of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lrhelp.saas.hpe.com/en/latest/help/WebHelp/Content/VuGen/146500_c_silverlight_overview.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lrhelp.saas.hpe.com/en/latest/help/WebHelp/Content/VuGen/146500_c_silverlight_overview.htm&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="17409" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T09:44:15.483" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T09:44:15.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17952" CreationDate="2016-04-05T15:05:33.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on what kind of &quot;authorization&quot; you get by sending POST request to  &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:3001/user&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://localhost:3001/user&lt;/a&gt; it might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some &quot;token&quot; which you need to add to request body&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Header&lt;/a&gt; which contains authorization data. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cookie&lt;/a&gt; which indicates whether user is authorized or not. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in any case you need to design your test as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;POST request to /user &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract authorization bearer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GET request to /city/lat/lon which has either token or authentication passed via &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeters-http-header-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T15:05:33.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17948" CreationDate="2016-04-05T15:12:50.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most straightforward option seems to be using Microsoft Visual Studio. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa833171(v=vs.100).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to: Create a Test Project for Database Unit Testing&lt;/a&gt; for details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you looking for a free open source standalone tool an alternative solution can be &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;. It provides &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JDBC Request Sampler&lt;/a&gt; so you will be able to execute arbitrary TSQL queries and define pass/fail criteria using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#assertions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Assertions&lt;/a&gt;. JMeter isn't shipped with any JDBC libraries so you'll have to download i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt484311(v=sql.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jtds.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jTDS JDBC Driver&lt;/a&gt; and put it somewhere in JMeter's classpath (&quot;lib&quot; folder of your JMeter installation). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, JMeter is designed for load testing so you'll be able either to speed up your tests by running them in parallel or even test your SQL server instance performance. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-db-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Building a Database Test Plan&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/debugging-jdbc-sampler-results-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Debugging JDBC Sampler Results in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; articles for more detailed information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T15:12:50.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17950" CreationDate="2016-04-05T15:22:24.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All images recorded with Insight Recording are stored in Local (&lt;code&gt;...\[TestName]\[ActionName]\ObjectRepository.bdb&lt;/code&gt;) or Shared (&lt;code&gt;[WhereverYouPlaceIt]\Repository1.tsr&lt;/code&gt;) repository. It is a single file and you can not extract path to an image from it. You can only edit it with Object Repository Manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s7Rwx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s7Rwx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still if you need to use Descriptive Programming you can define new object as you said in pure DP style:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set customInsightObject = InsightObject(&quot;ImgSrc:=C:\pictureOfObject.jpg&quot;)&#xA;customInsightObject.Click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-06T07:11:10.253" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T07:11:10.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17960" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-05T17:11:35.727" Score="0" ViewCount="29" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a finance person want to automate things what we do in Excel and Outloook.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guide me, what language I need to learn to be a VBA expert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Br&#xA;Uday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17630" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T04:15:14.483" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T04:15:14.483" Title="I'm a beginner need guidance which software needs to be learnt to be an expert in vba automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17960" CreationDate="2016-04-05T17:29:47.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; the language. There are plenty of free resources on the internet for learning VBA, Google &quot;VBA for beginners&quot; to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17631" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T17:29:47.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17954" CreationDate="2016-04-05T19:15:50.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because test runs are not directly associated to Test Cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each test case is associated with at least one configuration (if you don't assign one, there's a generic default). The pair [Test Case, Test Configuration] forms a Test Point, and each run is associated to the test point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MTM queries work on Work Items, and can only return data associated with things that are types of Work Items. For testers, that's Test Cases and Test Suites (if your version of MTM is recent enough). Test Points and Test Runs aren't queryable through that engine: you need to use the Team Foundation Server reporting engine to retrieve test run information linked to lists of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason you need to open the test case to review the results, is that once the test case is open, the test points of that test case are accessible, so that links in the test results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-04-05T19:15:50.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17964" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-05T20:33:46.317" Score="2" ViewCount="695" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting this error &quot;Element is currently not visible&quot; when I try to input into textbox which is visible I've created a script to signup and I am getting this error randomly sometimes on &quot;password&quot; textbox sometime on &quot;re-password&quot; text box I don't know what is the reason? following is code snippet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ExcelRead objExcel = new ExcelRead(&quot;D:\\K - Selenium\\SeleniumWorkspace\\EMAILGENERATOR\\src\\testData\\EmailGeneratorData.xls&quot;,&quot;CreateAccount&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        int iNoofRows = objExcel.rowCount()-1;&#xA;&#xA;        for(int i =1;i&amp;lt;iNoofRows;i++)&#xA;        {                           &#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='idb']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='idb']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;FName&quot;, i));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='idd']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='idd']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;LName&quot;, i));&#xA;        //Gender&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='idf']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Gender&quot;, i));&#xA;        //Month&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='id14']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Month&quot;, i));&#xA;        //Day&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='id11']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Day&quot;, i));&#xA;        //Year&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='id15']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Year&quot;, i));&#xA;        //Country&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='id16']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Country&quot;, i));&#xA;        //Email&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='id1e']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Email&quot;, i));&#xA;        //password&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id28&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Password&quot;, i));&#xA;        //re-password&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='id2b']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Re-Password&quot;, i));&#xA;        //Security Q&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id33&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id33&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;SecQ&quot;, i));&#xA;        //Ans&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id39&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id39&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Ans&quot;, i));&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(30000);&#xA;        //Captcha&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='recaptcha-anchor']/div[5]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        //Button Click&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='id3e']&quot;)).click();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T10:08:53.277" Title="Element is currently not visible&quot; random text fields" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-04-06T07:56:02.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I have done to deal wit CAPTCHA, is to test on a dummy site but the CAPTCHA was a static one. I do not agree with the people here saying to remove it because they site layout will be affected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17619" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T07:56:02.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17964" CreationDate="2016-04-06T09:18:32.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest not to use &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; method, instead you can use the implicit wait, add following line of code after driver is declared.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and remove all &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; methods from the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Difference between implicit wait and &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; method will wait until given time then it will search for the element which unnecessarily increase the execution time, where as implicit wait will keep on searching for the element until given time then it will throw an exception if element is not found and if element is found it will continue the execution immediately&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T10:08:53.277" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T10:08:53.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18428" CreationDate="2016-04-06T10:10:16.923" Score="3" ViewCount="399" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written Selenium script &amp;amp; it sucessfully executed on FF, chrome &amp;amp; IE. But when I tried it on Safari it gives error while clicking on button.&#xA;I used Selenium-java-2.52 version jars &amp;amp; Safari version-5.1.7. &#xA;Is there any solution to overcome with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives this type of error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: 'undefined' is not a function (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 16 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.49.0', revision: '365eeb44deba2067b1761c8862ef21d55250e063', time: '2016-01-13 11:57:39'&#xA;System info: host: 'comp-2', ip: '192.168.101.16', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_66'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{browserName=safari, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, version=5.1.7, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, platform=WINDOWS, secureSsl=true}]&#xA;Session ID: null&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is Windows- Safari always supports Selenium to run script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T12:10:52.110" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T12:10:52.110" Title="Unable to locate element on Win-7 Safari browser using Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17971" CreationDate="2016-04-06T10:22:15.843" Score="0" ViewCount="974" Body="&lt;p&gt;UFT shows &quot;The operation cannot be performed&quot; message when setting cell data in Java Table:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;Name1&quot;).JavaDialog(&quot;Name2&quot;).JavaTable(&quot;Name3&quot;).SetCellData 8, 0, 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bMp0y.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bMp0y.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T13:21:16.107" Title="UFT shows &quot;The operation cannot be performed&quot; message when setting cell data in checkbox in Java Table" Tags="&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;uft-12.52&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17970" CreationDate="2016-04-06T10:24:11.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem in my case was in numeration of columns. I used &lt;code&gt;0&lt;/code&gt; for the first column and received error. When numeration starts with &lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt; code runs just fine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;Name1&quot;).JavaDialog(&quot;Name2&quot;).JavaTable(&quot;Name3&quot;).SetCellData 8, 1, 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same idea for &lt;code&gt;GetCellData&lt;/code&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Application does not recognize state of checkbox (that it is checked) when it is set with &lt;code&gt;SetCellData&lt;/code&gt; function (But checkbox looks like checked on the screen). Now I'm using &lt;code&gt;ClickCell&lt;/code&gt; with checking that checkbox is not set:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;isChecked = CInt(JavaWindow(&quot;Name1&quot;).JavaDialog(&quot;Name2&quot;).JavaTable(&quot;Name3&quot;).GetCellData(GetRow6, 1))&#xA;If isChecked = 0 Then&#xA;    JavaWindow(&quot;Name1&quot;).JavaDialog(&quot;Name2&quot;).JavaTable(&quot;Name3&quot;).ClickCell GetRow6, 1&#xA;End If&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T13:21:16.107" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T13:21:16.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17922" CreationDate="2016-04-06T12:03:27.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Are Unit Testing, System Testing and Component Testing subsets of User Acceptance (UA)?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are not so much subsets as much as different phases.  Systems testing is probably the one that relates most to User Acceptance Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing is done while writing the corresponding application code and is at the level of &quot;When I call this method internally with these params, I expect this response&quot;.  This is before any other testing can be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;System Testing&quot; is a bit vague.  Assuming it means integrated testing this may be where User Acceptance is defined for a given organization via manual testing or it may mean automated integrated tests, for example UI feature tests that test that the code, the UI and the database all work together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Component Testing&quot; can either mean the unit tests written for a component or (more likely) whether components can work together.  This would be integrated testing and would be done after Unit Tests but before User Acceptance Testing which will usually be manual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T12:03:27.497" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17974" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17975" CreationDate="2016-04-06T15:29:46.000" Score="6" ViewCount="2773" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a systems that pulls large sums of data from an external system then we transform the data and afterwards we need to verify this transformed data is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we call this type of verification? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a typical form of testing and does it have a clear definition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T11:42:15.453" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T21:14:52.580" Title="Term for checking the correctness of data" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;etl&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17974" CreationDate="2016-04-06T15:57:02.137" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This type of testing is known an:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.. or ETL testing for short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ref: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17849/etl-testing-checklist-for-testing/17850#17850&quot;&gt;ETL testing- checklist for testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T15:57:02.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-06T16:18:48.300" Score="1" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am giving ISTQB Agile extension tester certification exam in next 2 days.&#xA;I could see single mock test paper roaming around internet.&#xA;I would like to solve few more mock papers. Can i get these test papers for free anywhere please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note:  This exam is different from ISEB foundation level exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastEditorUserId="12531" LastEditDate="2016-04-07T09:52:40.143" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T09:52:40.143" Title="Agile extension tester certification mock tests" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;certification&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-07T15:19:06.317" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17964" CreationDate="2016-04-06T16:19:13.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is several issues here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An implicit wait would do far better than the Thread.sleep()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Xpath to search by id. Just use by.id() it will be far faster&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ids, to me, appear to be dynamically created which will cause them to break. If the rest of the script works I would presume this is not the issue though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/WebDriverWait.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;new WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(ElementBy))&lt;/a&gt; to wait x (10 in this case) seconds until the element is visible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;new Actions(driver).moveToElement(el)&lt;/a&gt; API to ensure the element is scrolled into the view&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I instantiated the above as new Objects so the code is directly usable. I would recommend putting them into a shared/helpers class to avoid having to deal with them on a regular basis. With this way, they just work every time and are easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T16:19:13.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17974" CreationDate="2016-04-06T17:12:40.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider this to be a set of unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a given piece of data you want to apply the transformation and then validate that the results are as expected.&#xA;I would expect there to a number of these tests handling the various different cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-06T17:12:40.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17979" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17997" CreationDate="2016-04-06T18:56:30.793" Score="1" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, I've been wanting to take a look at the dotNet code for the different locator strategies (Id, ClassName, XPath, TagName, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/By.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;By class&lt;/a&gt;, I've found this for &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;by.findElementMethod = (ISearchContext context) =&amp;gt; ((IFindsById)context).FindElementById(idToFind);&#xA;by.findElementsMethod = (ISearchContext context) =&amp;gt; ((IFindsById)context).FindElementsById(idToFind);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/Internal/IFindsById.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;interface is here&lt;/a&gt;, but that's only the method signature of course.&#xA;Searching the project doesn't yield any other results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where is the actual implementation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T22:52:16.487" Title="Selenium: source code for the different locator types?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18144" CreationDate="2016-04-07T04:48:21.223" Score="1" ViewCount="923" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have text displayed in my application that&#xA;&quot;showing 1 - 20 of 25 records&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;code&gt;20&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;25&lt;/code&gt; are value of variables '&lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;' and '&lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;'. I need to extract these values of variable from message displayed on web application using Selenium IDE. &#xA;Need to store &lt;code&gt;20&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;25&lt;/code&gt; separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;closely related to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/16930/extract-value-of-variable-in-string-in-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15495" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T16:25:20.277" Title="How to extract multiple values (number or name) in String using Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16554" CreationDate="2016-04-07T05:10:40.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You probably just need to upgrade your version of TestLink.  There was an &lt;a href=&quot;http://mantis.testlink.org/print_bug_page.php?bug_id=5812&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;issue&lt;/a&gt; that was fixed in TestLink version 1.9.8 that caused imports to break with that exact error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17656" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T05:10:40.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17974" CreationDate="2016-04-07T07:46:31.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Going by &lt;a href=&quot;https://cs.gmu.edu/~ami/research/publications/pdf/tods89.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;Integrity = Validity + Completeness&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, I use the following terminology:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data validity testing&lt;/em&gt; - checking that all of the data you have is correct&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data integrity testing&lt;/em&gt; - checking that all of the data you have is correct and all of the data is there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the previous citation uses validity and completeness in the context of relational databases, I use those terms for any sets of data, whether they're extracted/transformed/loaded from a database, or simply in regular files.  Furthermore, I refer to a particular rule that holds true for a particular set of data as a &quot;&lt;em&gt;data invariant&lt;/em&gt;.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17656" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T07:46:31.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11562" CreationDate="2016-04-07T08:05:29.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is cheatsheet you may like to see all in one place,most of them:)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/LDAP_Injection_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/LDAP_Injection_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17659" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T08:05:29.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20212" CreationDate="2016-04-07T08:18:54.437" Score="1" ViewCount="758" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently using SOAPUI to test SOAP and Restful API's. We then test our interfaces using Selenium automation tests. Where we are unable to automate or there is no value we test manually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are now looking to manage all tests via &lt;code&gt;Microsoft Test Manager&lt;/code&gt;, however, cannot find how to integrate &lt;code&gt;SOAPUI&lt;/code&gt;. So, the tests reside and report back to Microsoft Test Management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone had an experience of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorporating SOAPUI with Microsoft test manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SOAPUI and other test management tools. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9197" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T04:22:28.660" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T04:22:28.660" Title="SOAPUI and Microsoft test management" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17650" CreationDate="2016-04-07T09:16:35.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you are using Windows you can define the CPU settings under Power Options in the Control Panel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Control Panel\All Control Panel Items\Power Options&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Select the plan you require and &quot;Edit Plan Settings&quot; then select &quot;Change advanced power settings&quot; (I would suggest you set up a separate plan for each scenario you plan to use to make it easy to switch and replicate)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under these settings you should see &quot;Processor power Management&quot; which allows you to set the min/max CPU usage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cRUuj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cRUuj.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing to note is that due to a 'quirk' in power management profiles, setting an Intel CPU to 100% disables all the CPU scaling functionality.  This includes features like Intel® Turbo Boost Technology.  I am unsure if this is also the case with AMD processors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T09:16:35.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17988" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-07T10:13:49.210" Score="4" ViewCount="3639" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.spicejet.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;spicejet.com&lt;/a&gt; website, but the thing is I am not able to access the dropdown values using select as the dropdown values like destination, source etc are not in Select &lt;code&gt;Option=&quot;value&quot;&lt;/code&gt; format. When I try to work on using click and select the places it's not working as the click lands me in different page. and it's not only that, I have seen same pattern in many websites. using input field, buttons and lists instead of direct drop down lists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17662" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-07T11:57:28.663" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T06:16:08.367" Title="Selenium WebDriver Spicejet website automation?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17990" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17991" CreationDate="2016-04-07T10:53:01.080" Score="1" ViewCount="3616" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created SRS document, and little Design document. Now, i am struggling to create Technical document which must be used as Reference for new developers when we assign update task to them. What are the things to be in Table of contents?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-07T10:56:48.303" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T15:49:38.207" Title="How to write technical documentation for Android Project?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-07T14:54:49.933" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17990" CreationDate="2016-04-07T11:17:30.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is ambiguous, so I'll try answering two interpretations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I don't know where to start on writing the technical document, but if someone can tell me what belongs in the TOC, I might be able to figure it out from there.&lt;/strong&gt;  You have not provided enough detail for us to tell you what belongs in your TOC.  Here are some options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask someone else on your project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask everyone on your project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find a document that describes something similar to your Android project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk to someone who writes for a living.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask yourself what you think is important for a new developer to know.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If none of that helps, perhaps you should ask someone else to write the technical document.  When you don't know how to do something, it's usually OK to ask for help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I think I know what belongs in the technical document but I don't know how to decide what belongs in the TOC.&lt;/strong&gt;  This sounds like a pure writing problem that has nothing to do with testing.  Find someone who writes for a living, or if that doesn't work, find someone who &lt;em&gt;reads a lot&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-07T15:49:38.207" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T15:49:38.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17995" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-07T18:41:37.263" Score="2" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to use TFS source control to manage and store test scripts created with Rational Funtional Tester from Eclipse IDE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2019-10-29T15:36:50.373" LastActivityDate="2019-10-29T15:36:50.373" Title="Can I use TFS as source control for rational functional tester scripts with Eclipse IDE" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="17996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="17999" CreationDate="2016-04-07T19:49:34.303" Score="2" ViewCount="1221" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a script which reads data from excel file and I use sendKeys method to input that data to textbox. Now I want to append/concatenate data after reading from excel and than resultant string I want to send as input to textbox using selenium webdriver following is code snippet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;following code read data as &quot;john&quot; I want to append &quot;john@example.com&quot; after reading from excel and want to send it as input to textbox for &quot;FName&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='accountName']&quot;)).sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;FName&quot;, i));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T02:38:31.633" Title="appending data after reading from excel file in selenium web driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17979" CreationDate="2016-04-07T22:52:16.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/tree/c10e8a955883f004452cdde18096d70738397788/dotnet/src/webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;different C# browser drivers&lt;/a&gt; all extend &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/c10e8a955883f004452cdde18096d70738397788/dotnet/src/webdriver/Remote/RemoteWebDriver.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RemoteDriver&lt;/a&gt; and end up &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/c10e8a955883f004452cdde18096d70738397788/dotnet/src/webdriver/Remote/HttpCommandExecutor.cs#L93-L136&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;sending the find elements commands over HTTP&lt;/a&gt; using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://w3c.github.io/webdriver/webdriver-spec.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; protocol.  Therefore, the actual finding of elements within the DOM does not take place in the C# driver code.  Instead, it's ultimately up to the browsers themselves to provide responses to these commands.  For example, in Chromium/Chrome, the implementation of these commands seems to be &lt;a href=&quot;https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/master/third_party/webdriver/atoms.cc#1216&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;stored as minified JavaScript within a C++ file (?!)&lt;/a&gt;, and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/master/third_party/webdriver/README.chromium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;generation&lt;/a&gt; of that code is based on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/tree/c10e8a955883f004452cdde18096d70738397788/javascript/atoms/locators&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaScript files&lt;/a&gt; from the Selenium codebase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17656" LastActivityDate="2016-04-07T22:52:16.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17998" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-08T00:04:44.310" Score="0" ViewCount="3875" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to JMeter and I'm having some trouble with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to control my throughput per minute via the &quot;Constant Throughput Timer&quot; timer, however, it only applies to the HTTP requests, and not the transactions controllers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me explain a bit further, I want to simulate an user experience where the user performs X clicks every minute. However, each &quot;click&quot; can gather different &quot;resources&quot;. for instance, sometimes it will get him a jps, some js, a png and a css, some other times, it'll only get him a jsp.&#xA;I want to manage throughput per minute for each transaction controller, but I can't manage to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can it be done? If yes can someone help me with it?&#xA;I also tried using jp@gc Throughput Shaping Timer without success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test plan looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Plan&#xA;    -Thread group 1&#xA;        -Transaction Controller A&#xA;            -Transaction Controller Page X (first clic)&#xA;                -Http request 1 (.jps)&#xA;                -Http request 2 (.js)&#xA;                -Http request 3 (.png)&#xA;                -Http request 4 (.css)&#xA;            -Transaction Controller Page Y (seconde clic)&#xA;                -Http request 5 (.jps)&#xA;                -Http request 6 (.js)&#xA;                -Http request 8 (.css)&#xA;            -Transaction Controller Page Z (third clic)&#xA;                -Http request 9 (.jps)&#xA;                -Http request 11 (.png)&#xA;                -Http request 12 (.css)&#xA;            ...&#xA;            -Transaction Controller Page ZZZ (twelveth clic)&#xA;                -Http request 111 (.jps)&#xA;                -Http request 112 (.js)&#xA;                -Http request 113 (.png)&#xA;                -Http request 114 (.css)&#xA;    -Thread group 2&#xA;        -Transaction Controller B&#xA;            -Transaction Controller Page X² (first clic)&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks, and sorry for my bad English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17674" LastEditorUserId="10975" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T03:01:41.480" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T03:01:41.480" Title="Jmeter - throughtput per minute for a transaction controller" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="17999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17996" CreationDate="2016-04-08T02:38:31.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sendKeys(objExcel.getCellData(&quot;Fname&quot;,i) + &quot;@example.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope I understood your question correctly (just wondering).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T02:38:31.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17988" CreationDate="2016-04-08T05:10:52.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are using Select class to manipulate an &lt;strong&gt;ul&lt;/strong&gt; element (unordered list) and it will fail, as Select class was designed to cater select (i.e dropdowns) elements only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to solve your problem statement, say I have to select Kochi(COK) from the list, follow the below steps :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do a sendkeys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ctl00_mainContent_ddl_originStation1_CTXT&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;COK&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now perform a click using linktext.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Kochi (COK)&quot;)).click();&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="14370" LastEditDate="2016-04-08T05:19:29.410" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T05:19:29.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17905" CreationDate="2016-04-08T06:11:52.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After checking out TestLodge, I think it's fine if you keep a single Test Plan for your software and create a separate Test Run for each new version of your software, with the version included in the Test Run's name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;best practices&quot; for associating a test run with a software version would be to &lt;em&gt;ensure&lt;/em&gt; that it is easy to determine in the future &lt;em&gt;exactly&lt;/em&gt; what test steps were performed against a particular software version and what their results were.  How that is accomplished is totally dependent on your testing management software.  For TestLodge, keeping the version in the Test Run name makes it easily findable on the Test Runs screen, and you can drill down to the steps/results in the future if necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if TestLodge supported complete full imports/exports of Test Runs (complete as in capturing the entirety of data of a Test Run, including attached files, and the ability to restore one for browsing), it would be preferable if you stored exported Test Runs in a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Version_control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;version control management&lt;/a&gt; system, tagged them as applicable to your software version, and removed them from TestLodge once they were completed.  That would provide more durable historical data, less clutter within TestLodge, and a clean separation of name and version.  But since that kind of import/export doesn't exist, work with what you've got.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17656" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T06:11:52.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6591" CreationDate="2016-04-08T06:41:26.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sharing my thought as I almost asked the same question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find that keyword-driven test framework in a way helps the QA to start before the application is ready to be tested. Although in reality, your QA team probably has something else (products/releases already in production) to test while implementation of the current relese isn't ready yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem we face is that specs/designs keep getting minor updates, testcases can go out-of-date when first build is out. With keyword-driven framework, you can just change/adjust the library for your keywords then your testcases are golden again. This may take some practice to create keywords in a way that testcases don't need to be touched, but should shorten the time needed to get the testcases working again after some &quot;minor changes&quot; to the application under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple example, testing the login page before you even see the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test case with keyword-driven framework:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    log in to site with ${valid credential}&#xA;    veryfiy login was successful&#xA;    log out &#xA;    page should not contain $(element)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will probably also have 50 other similar testcases with invalid/empty/double bite credentials. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your login page may get a complete revamp, all you need to do is to change the underline code for the keywords, then all your tescases should start to work again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can argue that well defined test subroutines will do the same thing, but I just find keyword-driven framework makes it easier and naturally done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T06:41:26.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-08T11:02:15.750" Score="3" ViewCount="849" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you request a service send you a zip file as response, then how do you retrieve the file from fiddler?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T10:00:48.957" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T10:00:48.957" Title="If a ZIP file is requested, how do you how to get it from fiddler?" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-29T14:28:22.547" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18004" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18007" CreationDate="2016-04-08T12:58:26.107" Score="0" ViewCount="637" Body="&lt;p&gt;For penetration testing, I am planning to decompile the published source code of ASP.NET web application. This has to done by the QA. But I am struggling to check this. Is there any tool or any technique to perform this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T04:42:08.677" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T04:42:08.677" Title="How to decompile the published ASP.NET web application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18005" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-08T13:04:07.807" Score="1" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to check if my entered information is inserted into the list in the table of the html page but working with tables is a little bit more difficult than a normal list. Could someone help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My html page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;%@taglib prefix=&quot;c&quot; uri=&quot;http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core&quot;%&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=UTF-8&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;title&amp;gt;Sharingbox WebApp&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;Overzicht van verhuringen&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%,&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;ID&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Datum&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Leveringsadres&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Sharingbox ID&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Status&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Tevredenheidsscore&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;c:forEach items=&quot;${verhuringen}&quot; var=&quot;verhuring&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;c:url var=&quot;verhuringUrl&quot; value=&quot;/verhuring.html&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;c:param name=&quot;id&quot; value=&quot;${verhuring.id}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/c:url&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href='&amp;lt;c:out value=&quot;${verhuringUrl}&quot;/&amp;gt;'&amp;gt; &amp;lt;c:out&#xA;                            value=&quot;${verhuring.id}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;c:out value=&quot;${verhuring.datum}&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;c:out value=&quot;${verhuring.leveringsadres}&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;c:out value=&quot;${verhuring.sharingbox_id}&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;c:out value=&quot;${verhuring.status}&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;c:out value=&quot;${verhuring.tevredenheidsscore}&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/c:forEach&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;c:url var=&quot;nieuweVerhuringUrl&quot; value=&quot;/nieuweVerhuring.html&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a href='&amp;lt;c:out value=&quot;${nieuweVerhuringUrl}&quot;/&amp;gt;'&amp;gt;Verhuring&#xA;        Toevoegen&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information to check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| column            | information       |&#xA;&#xA;| Datum             | 12/11/2016        |&#xA;&#xA;| Leveringsadres    | poodlaar          |&#xA;&#xA;| Sharingbox_ID     | 0                 |&#xA;&#xA;| Status:           | In behandeling    |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step definition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Then(&quot;^I should see a list containing$&quot;)&#xA;public void i_should_see_a_list_containing(List&amp;lt;Columninformation&amp;gt;    checklist) throws Throwable {&#xA;String bodyText = driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;body&quot;)).getText();&#xA;for (Columninformation ld: checklist){&#xA;    String text2bFound = ld.information;&#xA;Assert.assertTrue(&quot;Did not find this text:&quot;+text2bFound+&quot;\n&quot;,bodyText.contains(text2bFound));&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could some one guide/help me to write a xpath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17688" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T17:00:31.533" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T17:00:31.533" Title="Accessing Data from Tables" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18003" CreationDate="2016-04-08T15:00:00.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Within Fiddler, hit the &lt;em&gt;Decode&lt;/em&gt; button:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jvmqx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Jvmqx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this is set, if Fiddler receives a response in the form of a ZIP archive, it will be decompressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9405" LastActivityDate="2016-04-08T15:00:00.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18004" CreationDate="2016-04-08T16:36:11.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have access to the DLLs you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.red-gate.com/products/dotnet-development/reflector/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reflector&lt;/a&gt;. Unless you are accessing the server internally you would not typically have access to the DLLs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are doing an internal security audit (Someone who has access to your network) than they would quite possibly have access to the DLLs. This could lead to a scenario where they could decompile the code. It won't be the exact same source code but it will be very close. I would be more concerned of if they can access your source control, database or encryption/secure modules than the source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are doing an external security audit, one where the attacker does not have access to the internal network, you can attempt to breach the network. The easiest way to do this is to collect data about the network, what model/version of server, database, daemons etc and then compare with the multitude of vulnerability lists. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.kali.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Kali&lt;/a&gt; (Backtrack) Linux offers a great suite of tools to utilize any known risks to breach the network. Once in, there is several things that could be done to obtain and decompile the DLLs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T11:13:24.660" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T11:13:24.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17460" CreationDate="2016-04-09T09:30:40.420" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Selenium tool for automation Testing, It's easy to generate Test report using &lt;strong&gt;TestNG framework.&lt;/strong&gt; Just you have to make TestNG class and use appropriate annotations in TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Run it as TestNG &#xA;  --&gt;&gt; right click on Project--&gt;&gt;Click on Refresh--&gt;&gt; Test output folder will create.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Check&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;emailable report.html  &amp;amp;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;index.html  files in test output folder.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will get report in HTML which gives detailed status about how many test Cases passed &amp;amp; failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;for Ex you may check this one-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6e2a5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6e2a5.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T10:48:25.500" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T10:48:25.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18011" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-09T11:54:43.643" Score="2" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am performing Black-Box testing and I know for certain that different severity has a different rating. So what I'm asking here is that how do I calculate the percentage of the bugs found for that particular test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: I have a test case with 10 scenarios and 3 of those failed, of the 3, 2 are majors and 1 is minor. Now I'm not sure if I can say that 30% of the scenarios failed since those 3 have different severity rating. So how can I summarized this test case and state how many of the scenarios failed in relevance to their severity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17701" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T09:16:27.533" Title="how to calculate the percentage for different bug severity rating for black-box testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18011" CreationDate="2016-04-09T12:49:34.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I wouldn't worry about that distinction.  I'm not sure what extra value lies in breaking out the failure rate by severity. Instead, I would just report the failure rate as 30% in your sample data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Breaking out severity when reporting on the defects might provide useful information, especially if your exit criteria puts limits on defects by severity classification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T12:49:34.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1532" CreationDate="2016-04-09T20:50:15.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Development, SIT (System Integration Testing), Performance Engineering Environment, Production, IOT (Interoperability Testing), DR (Disaster Risk) , UAT (User Acceptance Testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17708" LastActivityDate="2016-04-09T20:50:15.193" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18015" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-10T00:40:27.133" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am responsible for test automation and my company develops applications in Node.js. For web applications, I'm using python and selenium-webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to integrate the tests (python) in the JS project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I confess that it would be easier to automate using webdriverJS, but I see it's hard to find resources and most do not use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8865" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T00:40:27.133" Title="Include python tests in JS projects" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17504" CreationDate="2016-04-10T11:31:09.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For an ERP system, scenarios differ from other test phases in their length and depth. For example, a functional unit test of a sales order might go into depth to check every facet of a single order - the sales partner (sold to / ship to / bill to), the material and material type, shipping point, pricing conditions, incoterms, freight charges, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration testing would test the links with external systems, for example sales orders interfaced to the third party warehouse for delivery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A business scenario might then look at the end to end chain and validate the document flow through the entire process, for example Sales Order to Outbound Delivery to Pick/Pack/Goods Issue to Invoicing to Customer Payment, checking the paper flow (shipping docs and invoices), the material flow (storage locations and goods movements), and the accounting flow (account determination and postings) through the entire scenario. It involves multiple people and roles and is based on a real-life expectancy of what will happen in Production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17631" LastActivityDate="2016-04-10T11:31:09.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18017" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-11T02:01:20.920" Score="2" ViewCount="618" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the order of test cases execution in Coded UI? I have my test cases created in Coded UI and they all follow a naming convention e.g. &lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;_, so my test cases name looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;_001_UC_TT01_ShowResults&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;_002_UC_TT01_DontShowResults&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;_003_UC_TT01_XYZ&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;_001_UC_TT02_ShowResults&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;_002_UC_TT02_ABC&#xA;and so on...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I execute these test cases from &quot;Test Explorer&quot; toolbar they don't run in the provided order. I know I can creat &quot;Ordered Test&quot; in Coded UI, if I want to execute my test cases in a particular order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am not facing any issue with execution of test cases but just for sake of my knowledge want to understand how Coded UI picks test cases in Test Explorer for execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T10:52:57.817" Title="Coded UI Test Explorer execution order?" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18041" CreationDate="2016-04-11T04:45:55.983" Score="3" ViewCount="4352" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im also facing the same error. Unable to select Birthday, Gender &amp;amp; Location&#xA;in gmail signup page.&#xA;I'm using Selenium Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find the below code for birthday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Select (driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;:0&quot;))).selectByValue(&quot;January&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On executing the above code it gives me the below error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&gt; Element should have been &quot;select&quot; but was &quot;div&quot;.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Following is the complete code.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class GmailCreate {&#xA;    public static void main(String args[]) throws InterruptedException&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver(); &#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        //By genderDropdown = By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='Gender']/div&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;link-signup&quot;)).click();&#xA;        /*driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;FirstName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;ABC&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;LastName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;XYZ&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;GmailAddress&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;abcx0429&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;pass1word123&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;PasswdAgain&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;pass1word123&quot;);&#xA;        //new Select (driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;:0&quot;))).selectByValue(&quot;January&quot;);&#xA;         //Select gender = new Select(driver.findElement(genderDropdown));&#xA;           // gender.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Male&quot;);*/&#xA;&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@id='BirthMonth']/div&quot;)).click();&#xA;       Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;       // driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;:3&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    /*  driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;BirthDay&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;26&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;BirthYear&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;1988&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;RecoveryPhoneNumber&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;9876543210&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;RecoveryEmailAddress&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;abcxyz@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        if ( !driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;SkipCaptcha&quot;)).isSelected() )&#xA;        {&#xA;             driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;SkipCaptcha&quot;)).click();&#xA;             System.out.println(&quot;Marked&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;             System.out.println(&quot;Already Marked&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        if (!driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;TermsOfService&quot;)).isSelected())&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;TermsOfService&quot;)).click();&#xA;        }&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;submitbutton&quot;)).click();*/&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement monthDropdown = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='goog-inline-block goog-flat-menu-button jfk-select goog-flat-menu-button-focused goog-flat-menu-button-hover']&quot;));  &#xA;&#xA;     // Select month&#xA;     Select month= new Select(monthDropdown);&#xA;     month.selectByVisibleText(&quot;March&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;     // enter birth day       &#xA;     WebElement DayTbox = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@id='BirthDay']&quot;));&#xA;     DayTbox.clear();&#xA;     DayTbox.sendKeys(&quot;20&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;     // Enter Birth Year &#xA;     WebElement YearTbox = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@id='BirthYear']&quot;)); &#xA;     YearTbox.clear();&#xA;     YearTbox.sendKeys(&quot;2010&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17212" LastEditorUserId="18186" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T08:24:23.130" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T05:15:57.313" Title="Unable to select text from dropdown - Gmail.com Month Dropdown" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18020" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-11T05:23:58.983" Score="2" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am working on manual and automation testing(selenium) and&#xA;I am interested in SAP testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I learn SAP testing, will it be useful after learning SAP testing. If I attend interviews with my previous experience, will they hire?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17719" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T15:18:37.533" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T15:18:37.533" Title="Can I shift to SAP Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;sap&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-04-12T09:23:26.140" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18021" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-11T06:31:59.740" Score="2" ViewCount="1001" Body="&lt;p&gt;Getting the following exception when trying to run the selenium tests on Mac- Safari using Selenium Grid. I could see the  safari browser on Hub console, but when running the tests getting the exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.InvalidOperationException: Failed to connect to SafariDriver after 10357 ms&#xA;&#xA;Safari Extension version : 2.48 and &#xA;Selenium Stand alone server : 2.53&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities ds = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;ds.SetCapability(CapabilityType.BrowserName, &quot;safari&quot;);&#xA;ds.SetCapability(CapabilityType.Platform, &quot;MAC&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone help/guide me in resolving the issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17722" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T12:20:23.437" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T13:56:48.290" Title="Failed to connect to Safari driver through Selenium Grid" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;grid&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18019" CreationDate="2016-04-11T06:34:48.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you look at the page structure i.e. here gmail-Signup page,  Birthday, Gender &amp;amp; Location is not more a dropdown with select tag. So if you are using select in WebDriver, you will get the above error. Please try replacing with the below code. It worked for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Birthday Field:&#xA;WebElement listbox = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@id='BirthMonth']/div&quot;));&#xA;listbox.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then do the same for Gender &amp;amp; Location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; Inspecting the element with &lt;kbd&gt;F12&lt;/kbd&gt; will give you a clear idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12969" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T11:16:58.253" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T11:16:58.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18011" CreationDate="2016-04-11T09:16:27.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would report this a bit differently. You should report that 3 out of 10 tests failed or 30% failure rate. However the issues found should be reported separately as one issue can cause multiple tests to fail or one test can fail due to multiple issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find that having multiple metric will help you report your issues more accurately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17619" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T09:16:27.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18025" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-11T10:47:53.817" Score="1" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a part of our quality metrics we need to calculate the time the application under test (a client - server desktop application) needs to do several common tasks like time to open a window, time to save a document, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The common use cases include the maximum time allowed to complete the use case in a specified machine and we need to validate these times every sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use UFT (HP Unified Functional Testing (UFT)) as our testing tool but the times we get on a sample application have big variations. We have disabled everything on the computer, the CPU is near 0% and we have variations of 15% on the measures we do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you done this kind of measurements in the past? And what tool did you use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17727" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T11:37:27.553" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T12:07:47.917" Title="How to get precise performance measurements on desktop application" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18017" CreationDate="2016-04-11T10:52:57.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know unless you create Ordered Tests the tests are always executed randomly as this is the preferred way of executing them to ensure there are no dependencies between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise you could end up with a test that passes just because you executed another test previously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17727" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T10:52:57.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18027" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-11T11:39:16.573" Score="5" ViewCount="2042" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test case with following scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1) Navigate to website.&#xA;2) Enter Login Credential.&#xA;3) Click on Login.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After login in my application, login window is closed by system and new child window is the homepage. I am unable to interact with the elements of the new child window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class testRegister {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;        int i = 0;&#xA;        ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; ar = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;,&quot;E:/Jigar Old Back up/Selenium/IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver.loglevel&quot;, &quot;TRACE&quot;);&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver.logfile&quot;, &quot;E:/selenium.log&quot;);&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities ieCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;        ieCapabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(ieCapabilities);//&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(&quot;http://172.16.4.90:20125/BPS/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        String loginwindow = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;        System.out.println(loginwindow);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/form/table[2]/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[3]/input&quot;)).clear();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/form/table[2]/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[3]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;WCHMOD_MAKER1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//img[@src='images/indeximages/Login_button.gif']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        for (String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {&#xA;&#xA;            ar.add(winHandle);&#xA;            System.out.println(winHandle);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(ar.get(ar.size()-1));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;        WebElement element1 = wait.until(ExpectedConditions&#xA;                .visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//img[@src='images/wf/Logo2.jpg']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class=M5]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exception faced : Unable to locate element on closed window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17728" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T12:24:58.013" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T07:09:05.880" Title="Selenium Webdriver : parent login window closes after login and child window opens" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18021" CreationDate="2016-04-11T12:39:33.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Selenium_Grid&#xA;{&#xA;       WebDriver driver;&#xA;       String baseUrl, nodeUrl;&#xA;&#xA;       @BeforeTest&#xA;       public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException&#xA;       {&#xA;           baseUrl = &quot;www.fb.com/&quot;;&#xA;           nodeUrl = &quot;http://192.168.1.57:6666(port_n0)/wd/hub&quot;;&#xA;           DesiredCapabilities capibility = DesiredCapabilities.safari();&#xA;           capibility.setBrowserName(&quot;safari&quot;);&#xA;           capibility.setPlatform(Platform.MAC);&#xA;           driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(nodeUrl), capibility);&#xA;&#xA;       }&#xA;&#xA;       @AfterTest&#xA;       public void tearDown()&#xA;       {&#xA;           driver.quit;&#xA;       }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try with this-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use proper parameters that you have used in your code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check whether node is successfully connected or not with your Hub.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use different port no of Hub &amp;amp; node.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-11T13:07:02.980" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T13:07:02.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17666" CreationDate="2016-04-11T13:06:41.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;By using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/wiki/Parameterized-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Parameterized Tests&lt;/a&gt; you should be able to achieve your desired results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By adding something similar to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Parameters&#xA;public static List&amp;lt;Object&amp;gt; data() {&#xA;    List&amp;lt;Object&amp;gt; data = new ArrayList&amp;lt;Object&amp;gt;();&#xA;    cellRow = 2;&#xA;    while(str != &quot;End of Data&quot;){&#xA;        data.add(ExcelUtility.getRowData(cellRow));&#xA;    }&#xA;    return data;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then pass in the data to the @Test method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T17:16:13.847" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T17:16:13.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15837" CreationDate="2016-04-11T13:33:22.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your Protractor scripts are set up to where they can be run VIA command line easily, you can set up a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cron&lt;/a&gt;-like system to have them run in a predefined schedule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Windows based system &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/132971/what-is-the-windows-version-of-cron&quot;&gt;this SO question&lt;/a&gt; should give the information needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Linux based systems &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-do-i-add-jobs-to-cron-under-linux-or-unix-oses/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this guide&lt;/a&gt; has a good tutorial for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for Mac systems, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techradar.com/us/how-to/computing/apple/terminal-101-creating-cron-jobs-1305651&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here is a guide&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T13:33:22.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18019" CreationDate="2016-04-11T13:34:14.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    // How old are you?&#xA;    Select Agefield = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;agefieldXpath&quot;)));&#xA;    Agefield.selectByVisibleText(&quot;26-35&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;    // What is your gender?&#xA;    Select gender = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;genderfieldXpath&quot;)));&#xA;    gender.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Male&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try with this..&#xA;definitely it will works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T05:40:35.957" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T05:40:35.957" CommentCount="15" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2220" CreationDate="2016-04-11T13:56:22.197" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use BDD Frameworks commonly as QA Automation using Cucumber4JVM and Specflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your developers are writing the automation framework and your business is writing out the specs than that is amazing for you. I would start by reviewing over the Specs with the business, try and make certain that as many (reasonable) specs are covered. I would also review over the automation suite that the Developers are building to ensure that they are implemented correctly. I have often times had false passes and false fails in my Automated Tests, especially when using BDD frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leaves the QA to do more of the discovery/unscripted/negative testing. These are typically far more difficult to automate out and usually will be brittle at best if they do. Personally, I like to write my test cases in a BDD format for these tests as well in case there would be a high ROI if converted to Automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially, all of this leads to a better quality software with clearer, more defined requirements from the users. It's a massive win for everyone in my eyes if it is being utilized correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T15:43:54.787" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T15:43:54.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18020" CreationDate="2016-04-11T14:34:11.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you need anyone's permission to shift to SAP testing, but in case you feel you needed one, you have my permission :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding if someone will hire you, it depends on your skills and their need, no one here can answer that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T14:34:11.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18035" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-11T07:21:20.307" Score="3" ViewCount="671" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using union to xpath and created one for day and time. Now, I am able to catch this path but when I used to click on that element using xpath, it's not getting proper time slot selected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My xpath is as follows:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='calendar']//*[@class='fc-first fc-last']//*[contains(@class,'fc-wed fc-col3 ui-widget-content')]|.//*[@id='calendar']//*[@class='fc-agenda-slots']//*[contains(@class,'fc-slot3')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and need to use this xpath in for loop such way i can search each date and time slot till end of the calendar. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table class=&quot;fc-agenda-days fc-border-separate&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;thead&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-first fc-last&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;th class=&quot;fc-agenda-axis ui-widget-header fc-first&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fc-sun fc-col0 fc-day-past&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fc-mon fc-col1 ui-widget-content ui-state-highlight fc-today&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fc-tue fc-col2 fc-day-past&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fc-wed fc-col3 ui-widget-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fc-thu fc-col4 fc-day-past&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fc-fri fc-col5 ui-widget-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fc-sat fc-col6 fc-day-past&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fc-agenda-gutter ui-widget-content fc-last&quot; style=&quot;display: table-cell; width: 17px;&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: absolute; z-index: 2; left: 0px; width: 100%; top: 25px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position: absolute; width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: auto; height: 189px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:100%;overflow:hidden&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;position:absolute;z-index:8;top:0;left:0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table class=&quot;fc-agenda-slots&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot0 &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot1 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot2 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot3 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot4 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot5 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot6 &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot7 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot8 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot9 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot10 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot11 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot12 &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot13 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot14 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot15 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot16 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;fc-slot17 fc-minor&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;above is my calendar code. This is my calendar image &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/88v33.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/88v33.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17258" OwnerDisplayName="Pravin" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T09:45:10.420" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T09:45:10.420" Title="Not able to select proper time slot in calendar using xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18036" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-11T15:28:10.723" Score="1" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;All,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to POS testing.I absolutely have no clue on where to start and how to choose an automation tool for POS. We are using XPIENT POS. I have been going to through most of the topics in the forum on POS testing and i was able to find inputs on scenarios for cashier activity,credit card and performance.&#xA;Experts please throw some light in this area for me to set up a POS testing base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for all your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17733" LastActivityDate="2016-04-11T15:28:10.723" Title="POS Testing manual and automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-04-12T13:42:19.953" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-11T20:14:22.753" Score="1" ViewCount="602" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Web Performance test created in VSTS Ultimate 2013 with Record feature of the tool. This test involves the below mentioned scenario:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login to application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to the Search Page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Create New Page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter Data and Save record (at this point an entry is created in Database too)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have added Validation Rule (Finding Username, which is displayed on page header once record save operation is completes) in this test, just to make sure that record is saved and web test is working fine, all the test data (like Name, Address etc.) is coming from CSV file. Now, when I run this test it executes well and assertion (Find Username) works fine. Entry is there in Database too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I have created a load test in VSTS Ultimate which is using this web test and specified the user load as 5 with constant load pattern and Iteration count as 1, this test case still creates only 1 entry in Database while I have 5 rows with different dataset in CSV file. But if I increase the number of Iterations from 1 to 5, then it creates 5 records; which is a bit confusing. Why VSTS Ultimate is not creating 5 records with constant load as 5, why it is creating only 1 record for 5 user load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First I thought that application might not be able to handle 2 concurrent user load but if that had been the case then I should get Assertion Failed error or some other error which is not there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What could be the possible reason for this behavior of load pattern? Do I need to change anything or I'm missing something in my tests?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T13:13:24.900" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T13:52:55.150" Title="VSTS Ultimate not running all users in load test" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18054" CreationDate="2016-04-12T05:51:55.963" Score="1" ViewCount="2285" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am QA automation engineer. We have so many clients for whom we are doing web scraping. We automate their daily task to save their time and resource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every client demands that they should able to run script anytime they want So currently what we are doing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Eclipse in client computer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Java and configure Selenium and other required JARs in client computer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transfer script to their computer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup Jenkins there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup TestNG there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We want to get rid from above process. Is there any other way by which client can access script and run by URL or something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above process is time consuming also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest best possible ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T14:10:17.253" Title="Effective way to deliver automation script to client?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18039" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18048" CreationDate="2016-04-12T07:45:13.583" Score="4" ViewCount="4052" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Interruption testing&lt;/em&gt; is process of making Interruption while running application. most probably performed for &lt;strong&gt;Mobile Applications&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is there any freeware and good automation tools available for performing interruption testing on Mobile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can interruption testing performed on &lt;strong&gt;Window and Web Applications&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is there any freeware and good automation tools available for performing interruption testing on Window and Web Applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:18:05.343" Title="What is Interruption Testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18037" CreationDate="2016-04-12T07:59:45.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the iteration count is 1 only one test case is executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both the scenario and the run settings provide an iteration count. Both relate to number of test cases executed. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff406973.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this Microsoft blog&lt;/a&gt; for some more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set the iteration count in the scenario to 0 (ie zero) to let the values in the run settings control the number of tests executed. Then in the run settings select between a test that runs for a period of time (with &lt;code&gt;Use test iterations == False&lt;/code&gt;) or a test that executes a number of test cases (with &lt;code&gt;Use test iterations == True&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example. To have each of the 5 virtual users run (on average) 3 tests, set the iteration count in the run settings to 15 and the iteration count in the scenario to either 0 or 15. Alternatively set the iteration count in the scenario to 15 and in the run settings specify a test duration long enough to run 3 tests one after another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The original question had several references to Coded UI, hence the answer below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only one Coded UI test can be run at a time on one computer. Coded UI takes over the mouse, keyboard and screen of the computer while the test executes. To run a test with 10 users doing Coded UI tests at the same time will need 10 agent computers (they can be real or virtual, or a mix).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See, for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/gautamg/2009/12/14/is-coded-ui-test-under-load-test-supported/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this Microsoft blog&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="6752" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T13:52:55.150" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T13:52:55.150" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18019" CreationDate="2016-04-12T08:55:02.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement monthDropdown = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='goog-inline-block goog-flat-menu-button jfk-select goog-flat-menu-button-focused goog-flat-menu-button-hover']&quot;));  &#xA;&#xA;// Select month&#xA;Select month= new Select(monthDropdown);&#xA;month.selectByVisibleText(&quot;March&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// enter birth day       &#xA;WebElement DayTbox = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@id='BirthDay']&quot;));&#xA;DayTbox.clear();&#xA;DayTbox.sendKeys(&quot;20&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// Enter Birth Year &#xA;WebElement YearTbox = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@id='BirthYear']&quot;)); &#xA;YearTbox.clear();&#xA;YearTbox.sendKeys(&quot;2010&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check for Gmail sign up, It works fine...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T06:17:18.303" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T06:17:18.303" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15627" CreationDate="2016-04-12T09:38:43.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you have to use proper TestNg annotations sequence-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like this-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Parameters ({&quot;username&quot;,&quot;password&quot;})&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void checkForParameters(String username, String password) &#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;Username is :&quot;+username+ &quot; Password is: &quot;+password);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should works ......&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T09:38:43.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18043" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-12T10:34:26.157" Score="2" ViewCount="314" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class DynamicXpaths {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver();  &#xA;    driver.navigate().to(&quot;http://yahoo.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='UHSearchBox']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;selenium&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list=  driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='yui_3_12_0_1_1460454396950_758']/ul/li[starts-with(@id,'yui_3_12_0_1_1460')]/a&quot;)); &#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(list.size());&#xA;    list.get(0).click();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17745" LastEditorUserId="16109" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T11:01:47.213" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T17:14:13.723" Title="Selenium- Unable to save dynamic paths in the list..list shows 0 as size" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15040" CreationDate="2016-04-12T10:59:48.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tend to put very common assertions into either a POM or whatever class(es) I am extending to create the POM. Using BDD frameworks this makes it easier to write more dynamic statements while ensuring that no steps rely on another step. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the following verification step:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Then the customer should be returned to Step3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I pull in the class associated with Step3 and then dynamically build it and run a method that is in the base class of my POM which does a pass/fail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public By VerificationElementBy&#xA;def verifyStep() {&#xA;    assert this.driver.findElement(VerificationElementBy) != null&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And my StepDef that executes the method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Then(&quot;^the customer should be returned to (.*)\$&quot;)&#xA;public void theCustomerShouldBeReturnedToStep(String stepNumber)  {&#xA;    StaticVars.Steps step = StaticVars.Steps.valueOf(stepNumber);&#xA;    Constructor&amp;lt;?&amp;gt; ctor = step.stepClass.getConstructor(WebDriver.class);&#xA;    ((StepPages) ctor.newInstance(driver)).verifyStep();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is happening is a String is passed into the StepDef that is the classname for the POM. It then instantiates the class using reflection and then calls the verifyStep method to ensure that I am on the correct page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows me to store a VerificationElement into the base class. Since my verification steps do not typically have an understanding of the rest of the test, I can use this assertion to ensure that the VerificationElement for the desired class is present and know which step my test is at during verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find having base methods that return booleans to typically be the most effective, though when you always want a 'fail if x' having the assertion in the POM is fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code Reduction, re-usability and fluidness of tests can sometimes require that the assertion be built into the POM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T11:05:12.757" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T11:05:12.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18043" CreationDate="2016-04-12T11:07:34.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're trying to find a dynamically generated id using a static string. Everytime you go to the page 'yui_3_12_0_1_1460454396950_758' and 'yui_3_12_0_1_1460' will change. You have to find another way to find them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T11:16:59.223" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T11:16:59.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18043" CreationDate="2016-04-12T11:31:02.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Per my understanding you script is following steps :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open yahoo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get list of links which are present in More link&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So get list of elements(links) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list=  driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='yui3-menu-content']/ul/li/a&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : Further step that you perform is to click on first link so for that folow this step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;yucs-more-link&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;list.get(0).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know If any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T11:31:02.853" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18039" CreationDate="2016-04-12T11:47:02.283" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the time while performing interruption testing one would need to block the requests between backend and frontend&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On mobile this can be performed with tools like burp suite which allows us to interrupt the requests made from mobile application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think same method can be applied by passing all requests between application through a proxy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6639" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T11:47:02.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17892" CreationDate="2016-04-12T11:51:39.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My robot tests broke completely when updating firefox from 44.0.2 to 45.0.2.&#xA;With selenium server 2.49.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FF 44.0.2 still works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latest version of selenium-server 2.53.0 also does not work with my robot tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I think it's down to the Selenium2Library needing an update...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17748" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T11:51:39.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18050" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18628" CreationDate="2016-04-12T12:06:42.263" Score="1" ViewCount="332" Body="&lt;p&gt;The button is visible on UI and &lt;code&gt;isdisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; is telling its displaying, but only the problem is, selenium is not clicking this button.&#xA;The same button is placed on 2 pages, on first page its clickable and on other page its not clicking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tried css selector,relative xpath and absolute xpath, result is same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Info:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;first page HTML where button &lt;code&gt;[xpath: html/body/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/ng-include[2]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/ul/li[2]/div/button]&lt;/code&gt; getting clicked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; ng-if=&quot;info.complete&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-ng-include class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; src=&quot;getURL('logvault')&quot; sly-show=&quot;info.current == 'logvault'&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;gb-logvault-bg gb-logvault ng-scope&quot; ng-controller=&quot;LogVaultCtrl&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;row-fluid filter-container gb-logvault-filter-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;col-sm-12 gb-logvault-quick-filter&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;filter-btn-contents gb-logvault-filter-btn-contents pull-right&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-ul class=&quot;nav navbar-nav&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-span class=&quot;icon-disk gb-icon gb-search-icon&quot; title=&quot;Save view&quot; ng-click=&quot;showSaveFilterModal()&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;-/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;btn-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-button class=&quot;btn btn-xs dropdown-toggle gb-explorer-saved-filters-btn&quot; ng-click=&quot;getSavedFilters()&quot; data-toggle=&quot;dropdown&quot; title=&quot;Select View&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-span class=&quot;pull-left ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Select View&amp;lt;-/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-span class=&quot;caret pull-right gb-explorer-saved-filters-caret&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;-/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;========================================&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second page HTML where same button &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[xpath : &#xA;    html/body/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/ng-include[1]/div/div/div[1]/div[3]/ul/li[2]/div/button]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is NOT getting clicked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; ng-if=&quot;info.complete&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-ng-include class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; src=&quot;getURL('explorer')&quot; sly-show=&quot;info.current == 'explorer'&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;gb-explorer ng-scope&quot; ng-controller=&quot;ExplorerCtrl&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;col-sm-12 content-col&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;row-fluid filter-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;col-sm-3 input-group-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;col-sm-4 input-group-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;col-sm-4 gb-explorer-filter-selection-div&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-ul class=&quot;nav navbar-nav&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-span class=&quot;icon-disk gb-icon gb-search-icon&quot; title=&quot;Save View&quot; ng-click=&quot;showSaveFilterModal()&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-div class=&quot;btn-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-button class=&quot;btn btn-xs dropdown-toggle gb-explorer-saved-filters-btn&quot; ng-click=&quot;getSavedFilters()&quot; data-toggle=&quot;dropdown&quot; title=&quot;Select View&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-span class=&quot;pull-left ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Select View&amp;lt;-/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-span class=&quot;caret pull-right gb-explorer-saved-filters-caret&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;-/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;-/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17747" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T12:23:33.713" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T14:06:58.523" Title="Same button is on 2 pages,but on one of the page its not clickable by selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18025" CreationDate="2016-04-12T12:07:47.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you're dealing with client-server architecture, you're also dealing with network latency, spin-up times, disk latency on the server and the client system, potential I/O bottlenecks (and the testing tool itself is not exactly lightweight in I/O terms), network traffic, and numerous other factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first priority should be to limit/minimize as many variables as possible. That means isolating your application's network into its own limited-access subnet so that the application client and server systems aren't competing with the rest of your organization network. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this kind of testing, you also want the systems on dedicated hardware if at all possible. If you're running the client or server on a virtual machine that shares resources with other VMs on the host, you're going to see a wide variation in performance times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can, the system(s) should be on as close to the expected production environment as possible. If the server is expected to be load-balanced, then your test should use load balancing. If there's a specific operating system targeted, use that OS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, once your environment is as clean as possible, you're still seeing large variations, you could see if it's possible for the developers to add logging to capture start/end time for your targeted tasks. You may find that the test tool is adding variability to the recorded times (this isn't uncommon: all of the big box test tools I've worked with are extremely I/O heavy and can introduce significant latency issues. The OS you're using is also a factor - different operating systems have different I/O profiles). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you absolutely can't eliminate the variability, your last option is to run your tests multiple times and report averages and modal values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T12:07:47.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17891" CreationDate="2016-04-12T12:55:05.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you remove/ignore the first part of your string.  in this case &quot;Your booking number is &quot; will be consistent, that way any remaining value (of any length) can be considered the booking number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//---- remove only char in &quot;Your booking number is &quot;   &#xA;str = str.substring(23,(string.length));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a synopsis of how the function works so you can expand it in the future&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//---- remove first and last char of str    &#xA;str = str.substring(1,((string.length)-1));&#xA;&#xA;//---- remove only first char    &#xA;str = str.substring(1,(string.length));&#xA;&#xA;//---- remove only last char    &#xA;str = str.substring(0,(string.length));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative is to use Slenium IDE's native Globbing pattern.  Its not Quite as flexible but follows a similar pattern&#xA;Further information on how to use &quot;Globbing patterns&quot; is available &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#globbing-patterns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T10:16:08.207" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T10:16:08.207" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18038" CreationDate="2016-04-12T13:50:49.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With JUnit I have set up a web-based runner/control unit that allows the end user to access and run the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is extremely primitive and it would run on the server instead of on their machine but here is the code that I used in order to achieve this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Stateless&#xA;@Path(&quot;test&quot;)&#xA;class TestsService {&#xA;    @Context&#xA;    UriInfo ui;&#xA;&#xA;    @GET&#xA;    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)&#xA;    @Path(&quot;runSpec&quot;)&#xA;    public Result runSpec(@QueryParam(&quot;spec&quot;) String spec) {&#xA;        JUnitCore jUnitCore = new JUnitCore();&#xA;        try {&#xA;            Class test = Class.forName(spec)&#xA;&#xA;            return jUnitCore.run(test);&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Exception ex) {&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace()&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @GET&#xA;    @Path(&quot;runAll&quot;)&#xA;    public Result runAll() {&#xA;        JUnitCore jUnitCore = new JUnitCore();&#xA;        try {&#xA;            Reflections reflections = new Reflections(&quot;Tests.*&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            Class[] allClasses =&#xA;                    reflections.getSubTypesOf(Specification.class);&#xA;&#xA;            return jUnitCore.run(allClasses);&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Exception ex) {&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace()&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This created a rest layer using jersey, personally using a built-in jetty server. From there I built out an AngularJS page that displayed all of the historically ran Tests from the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of the jetty server:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class App {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);&#xA;        context.setContextPath(&quot;/&quot;);&#xA;        FilterHolder holder = new FilterHolder(new CrossOriginFilter());&#xA;        holder.setInitParameter(&quot;allowedMethods&quot;, &quot;GET,POST,HEAD,OPTIONS&quot;);&#xA;        context.addFilter(holder, &quot;/*&quot;, EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        Server jettyServer = new Server(9898);&#xA;        jettyServer.setHandler(context);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        ServletHolder jerseyServlet = context.addServlet(ServletContainer.class, &quot;/*&quot;);&#xA;        jerseyServlet.setInitOrder(0);&#xA;        // Tells the Jersey Servlet which REST service/class to load.&#xA;        jerseyServlet.setInitParameter(&#xA;                &quot;jersey.config.server.provider.classnames&quot;,&#xA;                TestsService.class.getCanonicalName());&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            jettyServer.start();&#xA;            jettyServer.join();&#xA;        } finally {&#xA;            jettyServer.destroy();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T14:10:17.253" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T14:10:17.253" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18038" CreationDate="2016-04-12T14:06:02.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You do not need Eclipse, Jenkins, or TestNG to scrape a website.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask a software developer to help you package Selenium, your Java code, and any other necessary resources into an executable Jar file.  If you can't find any developers, try Googling for &quot;executable Jar file&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your executable Jar file will require a main class.  If you are accustomed to running your web-scraping code under TestNG, your main is currently the TestNG test runner.  You will need to restructure that code to be invoked by your own main class instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you can figure out how to distribute your executable jars to your demanding clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T14:06:02.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18055" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-12T15:41:14.850" Score="1" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a web performance test created in VSTS 2013 ultimate and 1 execution round of this web performance test creates 1 entry in Database, no matter input data is unique or not, so same input data can be used to created multiple records.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I need to create/configure my load test (containing 1 scenario and above mentioned 1 web performance test only) in a way, so that it generates 200 concurrent users load &amp;amp; executes the complete load test in sequential way 5 times i.e. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iteration1 starts = 200 users come in at once execute all requests 1-by-1, Iteration1 ends&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iteration2 starts = 200 users come in at once execute all requests 1-by-1, Iteration2 ends&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similarly Iteration3...4...5...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that at the end of test, there should be 200*5 = 1000 rows affected in Database. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should be the value of Scenario Iterations, Users and Test Iterations in this case? My CSV file have 100 rows of input data and load test should restart through this CSV file once it reaches file end for next 100 or more users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: users who has finished Iteration1 can jump to Iteration2 without waiting for other users. But in total each user should go through the test 5 times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T13:23:05.140" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T13:23:05.140" Title="Load test Configuration in VSTS 2013" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18056" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-12T17:52:49.757" Score="4" ViewCount="845" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tested regular expression using view result tree, it returns correct data(30 match results).&#xA;i used reference name in regular expression extractor as regexid.&#xA;Regular expression i used is \d{7}&#xA;${regexid} has value equals null.&#xA;cross checked in debug sampler. it has below info&#xA;regexid=null&#xA;regexid_g=0&#xA;regexid_g0=6104546&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why regexid has null value, when there were 30 matches for this regular expression&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JdozS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JdozS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Template value - $1$&#xA;and for match number i tried using 1,2,0,-1 but i still get null value&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17720" LastEditorUserId="17720" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T16:16:30.873" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T16:16:30.873" Title="Getting null value for variable on using regular expression extractor for Json response" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-14T11:37:59.137" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15040" CreationDate="2016-04-12T18:00:09.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Page objects really should only be a control layer to the web page.  Providing access to the individual operations a page can perform.  If you want to group actions together, whether they are repeatable workflows, or groups of asserts, you could create page helper classes.  Allow this helper class to accept your page object instance and then it can perform a series of repeatable actions with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This keeps the implementations of each action and the implementation of workflows that group actions together separated and each more manageable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T18:00:09.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18059" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-12T19:19:21.640" Score="2" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;In JMeter :&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have to set up a DataBase with an ODBC that I'm hoping to use to streamline XML content in Jmeter scripts. When my data changes, I would just change it in the database instead of in each script.  I've set up the JDBC connection and Request and specified variables that correspond with the columns in my table.  I have referenced these variables in my XML with &lt;code&gt;${example}&lt;/code&gt; but I cannot get it to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done this with the CSV successfully but this method does not allow me to read the records by key field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17756" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T06:16:12.420" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T06:16:12.420" Title="JMeter - Using Variables in XML scripts with $ references where the values are selected by ODBC connection to a database" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18027" CreationDate="2016-04-12T19:19:42.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the error it looks like selenium is still searching for elements on the old window. Please make sure that line &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(ar.get(ar.size()-1));&lt;/code&gt; is actually switching to new window. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6639" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T19:19:42.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17547" CreationDate="2016-04-12T20:17:37.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Came across this &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207421705-How-to-use-JMeter-for-Login-Authentication&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Login authentication&quot;&gt;Login authentication&lt;/a&gt; Not sure if its gonna help in addressing your issue!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12597" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T20:17:37.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18055" CreationDate="2016-04-12T20:20:57.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming your question requires the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;200 Virtual users.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each runs the same test case.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data driving is used, with 100 sets of data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each user shall run one test case then pause until the next round starts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There will be five rounds.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thus a total of 5*200 = 1000 test cases should be executed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no built in facility for this load pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If each test takes the same time to execute then an approximation to the required pattern can be obtained by setting a long think time between iterations(perhaps the same as the test execution time) and make sure that think times are as stated, not normally distributed. Then set the run settings to 1000 executions and the scenario settings to 0 iterations. However, variations in test execution time would mean that each round of tests gets further and further out of alignment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get better alignment of test starts, create a scenario that has a constant load of 200 virtual users and an iteration count of 200. Create 4 copies of this test (copy and paste the scenario in the load test editor). Set the &lt;code&gt;Delay start time&lt;/code&gt; property of each scenario so that the rounds of executions are as required. Set the iteration count of the run settings to 1000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the data source file has only 100 entries then at each round two virtual users will process the same set of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A comment asks how to proceed if point 4 is removed. It was the bulleted list, discussing iterations, in the original question that made the question difficult and led to point 4. Without point 4 the whole requirement is just like any standard load test. The settings are then simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set the scenario to 0 iterations (meaning not limited within the&#xA;scenario).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set the load to a constant 200 users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set the run settings to 1000 executions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With these settings, whenever a virtual user finishes one test case that user will immediately start executing another test case. This continues until 1000 test cases have been started. On average can expect each user to run 5 test cases. However, suppose the one of the first test cases takes an very long time and another takes a very short time. Then it is possible that the first user will only run 4 test cases and the second will run 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastEditorUserId="6752" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T08:11:28.107" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T08:11:28.107" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9254" CreationDate="2016-04-12T20:46:14.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium does not have the capability to automate the desktop applications.It cannot recognize the objects in a desktop application. Selenium drives the testing using the driver object that identifies the elements on screen using id, cssselector, xpath etc. which are not present in a desktop app. Though there is ID behind the elements in a desktop app but as we all know that IDs are dynamic and cannot be relied on. &#xA;Testers use autoIT,sikuli along with selenium to interact with windows UI if required by a website i.e. for the features like upload a file etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17757" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T20:46:14.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18055" CreationDate="2016-04-12T20:56:24.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your requirements could not be fulfilled just by setting users and iterations. Here's why. By default, users act asynchronously. So when user 1 completes iteration 1 it will proceed with iteration 2 without waiting for other users to complete iteration 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like you specifically require for a user not to start the next iteration until all other users are done with the previous iteration. To achieve this behavior, you need to synchronize users by inserting a rendezvous point at the end of every iteration. This feature is available in the tools like LoadRunner and our &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.stresstimulus.com/display/doc45/Rendezvous+points&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;StresStimulus&lt;/a&gt;, but is not available &quot;of the shelf&quot; in VSTS. &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/billbar/2006/02/09/implementing-sync-points-in-vsts-load-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is how to implement rendezvous point programmatically in VSTS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="704" LastEditorUserId="704" LastEditDate="2016-04-12T22:41:20.067" LastActivityDate="2016-04-12T22:41:20.067" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18065" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18075" CreationDate="2016-04-13T06:48:30.260" Score="5" ViewCount="10174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use multiple JMeter instances from a single machine. Is it possible? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know about distributed testing but I haven't required machines to do my load test. Actually, I need to run four JMeter instances from a single machine. Is it possible to control those four instances from a single instance? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, then please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My machines RAM: 32GB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details(How to configure, Limitations) description would be great for me!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T08:13:21.390" LastActivityDate="2019-08-23T14:32:36.667" Title="How to use multiple Jmeter instances on a single machine" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-13T07:08:30.993" Score="4" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have a script which connects to QC and opens a test in UFT and runs it. &#xA;The problem with this is that the open command closes the previously opened tests. &#xA;I want to copy the file -&gt; add -&gt; existing test functionality in my vbScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanking you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17723" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T07:08:30.993" Title="how to add an existing script to uft using AOM/vbScript?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-10-03T11:22:52.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18067" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-13T07:44:37.903" Score="1" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the URL Bar missing http is a feature. But when I copy and  paste a link and no http:// appears in the link then is it a bug? or something like  any feature of the Google DOC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14860" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T14:09:04.140" Title="URL is not showing http:// after copy and paste" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-08-23T08:46:49.103" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18068" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-13T08:55:23.337" Score="4" ViewCount="495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I stumbled upon some &lt;code&gt;black box techniques&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pramila_Chawan/publication/266013170_Software_Testing_Techniques_and_Strategies/links/54f0aa170cf2f9e34efd077e.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;(1)&lt;/a&gt;, but I don't really get how it works. I found sources saying that &lt;code&gt;black box techniques&lt;/code&gt; are techniques in which you input something in a program and check if the output matches with the wanted result, if it doesn't, there's an error somewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The source mentioned above says there are techniques, of which the &lt;code&gt;cause-effect&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;root-effect&lt;/code&gt;, the &lt;code&gt;equivalent partitioning&lt;/code&gt; and the &lt;code&gt;boundary value analysis&lt;/code&gt; are three.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can a software tester without any knowledge of the program do these tests? To partition it right, I guess you should have knowledge about the program, which especially seems to be the case in the &lt;code&gt;cause-effect&lt;/code&gt; technique. Am I misunderstanding some definitions? Can you tell me how this works?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17767" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T19:16:54.817" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T19:16:54.817" Title="Black box testing methods without knowledge" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18067" CreationDate="2016-04-13T08:59:03.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your requierements say &quot;When copying an URL from address bar there must be &lt;code&gt;http://&lt;/code&gt; in the link&quot; then it's a bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your requierements say &quot;When copying an URL from address bar there must not be &lt;code&gt;http://&lt;/code&gt; in the link&quot; then it's not a bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your requierements say nothing about &lt;code&gt;http://&lt;/code&gt; in the copied link, then why do you test it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15347" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T08:59:03.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18068" CreationDate="2016-04-13T09:06:20.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;black box test&lt;/code&gt; a tester should know the expected output depending on input. A tester shouldn't know how the program under test achieves this result (a tester may know it of course but it's not necessary). That is why it's called &quot;black box&quot; - you do not see what going on inside the box (program).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quotation from your linked source:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Black  box  testing  is  testing  software  based  on  output &#xA;  requirements  and  without  any  knowledge  of  the  internal &#xA;  structure or coding in the program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In blackbox testing you as a tester should base your tests on the software specification, not on its code! If the specs say &quot;The program should print &lt;code&gt;Good night&lt;/code&gt; between 9 PM and 7 AM and &lt;code&gt;Hello!&lt;/code&gt; between 7 AM and 9 PM&quot; you make two test cases: &lt;strong&gt;time is between 7 AM and 9 PM&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;time is between 9 PM and 7 AM&lt;/strong&gt; (for simplicity we don't take boundaries into account here). You don't care whether the programmer coded it with a single &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;-statement or with a whole bunch of &lt;code&gt;switch-case&lt;/code&gt; statements for every single minute of the day (and this would end up in 1440(!) test cases for you if you would base your tests on the code - one test case for every &lt;code&gt;case&lt;/code&gt;-branch).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15347" LastEditorUserId="15347" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T09:30:25.703" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T09:30:25.703" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15847" CreationDate="2016-04-13T09:09:58.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsmiths.blogspot.be/2008/05/making-bugzilla-read-only.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; suggestion (and &lt;a href=&quot;https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T1234&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; seems to confirm this worked for someone else as well) to go into each product (in Administration) and uncheck 'Open for bug entry' to prevent entering new bugs, then (using the Edit Group Access Controls on that page) for each product set 'canedit' on for some group with no one in it (the explanation on that page says that there will be a limitation only if at least one of the checkboxes is set, which is slightly confusing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still have to confirm that this works myself though, particularly since I can't find anything that confirms this also blocks commenting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17770" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T11:53:26.370" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T11:53:26.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18072" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18095" CreationDate="2016-04-13T11:05:49.093" Score="-2" ViewCount="10254" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;strong&gt;Test bed&lt;/strong&gt; a Tool? Or is it an &lt;em&gt;Environment&lt;/em&gt; set-up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to use Test Bed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where to Use Test Bed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's a plugin, how do I configure it with Automated tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between Test Bed and Test Environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:20:28.900" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T21:22:59.553" Title="What is Test Bed? How to use it?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-08-30T14:36:10.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14041" CreationDate="2016-04-13T12:00:12.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While loop condition can have 3 types of value:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•   &lt;strong&gt;Blank&lt;/strong&gt; : The loop will exit only when at least one of the test element fails. if the failing sample is not the last sample under while controller, then remaining test element  would be executed and then loop is exited&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•   &lt;strong&gt;LAST&lt;/strong&gt; : loop will exit only if the last test element  under while controller fails.  In case any other  test element fails, loop will continue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•   &lt;strong&gt;Condition&lt;/strong&gt;:  This could be any statement of code or a variable. Loop would exit when the value of condition becomes false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;${VAR} - where VAR is set to false by some other test element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;${__javaScript(${C}==10)}&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;${__javaScript(&quot;${VAR2}&quot;==&quot;abcd&quot;)}&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;${_P(property)} - where property is set to &quot;false&quot; somewhere else&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17720" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T12:00:12.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18074" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-13T12:19:54.463" Score="2" ViewCount="750" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running the application under test on Chrome-Version 49.0.2623.112 m (64-bit) manually. When I click on a particular button &quot;Ophalen&quot;, a web service request is made and the responses are parsed and displayed on the UI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I attempt to do the same thing using chromedriver and selenium 2.53, I can see that the button is clicked but the responses are not displayed on the UI. Consequently my test is failing when I use chrome browser to run my test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same test is running perfectly fine on firefox browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I safely conclude that my application is not compatible with chrome, but I cannot justify this because, I am able to get the web service response when I perform the action manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please post your opinions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7819" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T12:55:39.200" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T11:45:22.847" Title="Chromedriver 2.21 clicks on a button but the application is not responding as it should? Could it be application compatibility problem?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18065" CreationDate="2016-04-13T13:21:18.320" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know why you need to run multiple instances of Jmeter from single machine. But Yes, you can run multiple instances of JMeter from single machine without any major issue, the only limitation will be with the memory used by JMeter as if you ran too many instances or few instances using too much memory then you may ran out of memory and JMeter execution fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But since you have 32GB machine, you can configure the Heap size of your JMeter from JMeter.bat file and allocate a required amount of Memory to your JMeter. Refer this link for &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Heap size&lt;/a&gt; and how to change it. Once this setting is done, you can run multiple instance of JMeter from same machine by opening running JMeter.bat files (from GUI or Command line).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to have different instances with different memory size, then create multiple copies of the JMeter directory and set heapsize individually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that if you want to use those multiple instances as part of Distributed load setup then its not a good practice and it will not work as Distributed environment. Distributed environment is used when single machine is not capable of generating and handling heavy loads. If single machine is able to handle heavy load with single or multiple instances of JMeter then it is one and same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T13:21:18.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6581" CreationDate="2016-04-13T13:57:27.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an example from the tests of the project of &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/giorgiosironi/phpunit-selenium/blob/master/Tests/Selenium2TestCaseTest.php#L215&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;how to use this method&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public function testElementsKnowTheirTagName()&#xA;{&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;url('html/test_element_selection.html');&#xA;    $element = $this-&amp;gt;byClassName('theDivClass');&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;assertEquals('div', $element-&amp;gt;name());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5120" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T13:57:27.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10324" CreationDate="2016-04-13T14:04:33.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general MongoDB fares well with a substitute database as there is no schema to reproduce on it.&#xA;I tend to exercise the database in two categories of tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;integration tests&lt;/strong&gt; for the classes wrapping database usage, such as Data Access Objects or Repositories. I use the &lt;code&gt;test&lt;/code&gt; database of the local machine, create as many collections objects as necessary and pass them in to the object under test. Most of the logic, like query correctness or validation, should be tested here.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;end-to-end tests&lt;/strong&gt; of the whole application where I use. I try to write these tests and their checks so that they do not depend on existing fixtures to be present, e.g. generating a random username and registering it for the duration of a single new test being run. These tests check that all parts of the application are wired together, that the correct host and port are configured, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5120" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T14:04:33.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18050" CreationDate="2016-04-13T14:11:10.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would try selecting the element and dump its text instead of clicking it, to see if it's a matter of selection or event activation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two other possible problems could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a race condition where this DOM is not rendered yet when you select (although usually there are implicit waits preventing this in place)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the element not being displayed, as WebDriver tends to replicate the user's behavior and not interact with currently not visible elements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5120" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T14:11:10.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18050" CreationDate="2016-04-13T14:42:24.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The button that's not working is missing the closing dash in the span tag - is that a copy and paste issue, or have you lifted it straight from your script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;-span class=&quot;icon-disk gb-icon gb-search-icon&quot; title=&quot;Save view&quot; ng-click=&quot;showSaveFilterModal()&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;-/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;versus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;-span class=&quot;icon-disk gb-icon gb-search-icon&quot; title=&quot;Save View&quot; ng-click=&quot;showSaveFilterModal()&quot;&gt;&amp;lt; /span&gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Xpath's are slightly different as well (so it's not the exact same button), but I imagine this is intentional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T14:42:24.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18080" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18084" CreationDate="2016-04-13T14:42:56.390" Score="9" ViewCount="927" Body="&lt;p&gt;So this might sound like a &quot;complain&quot; post but it really isn't meant to be. But often-times I will be handed a project, lets say a Website. And be told to give it a &quot;Full run through&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I take a look at it, take a look at any documentation (Usually just mockups if that, or any issue lists they had before) and go at it with every browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inevitably i'll find some stuff, a good amount usually. But afterwards the client will usually have &quot;design&quot; issues. IE this needs to be padded 75x pixels to the right, or this image needs to be stretched etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I am human...so there are things im going to miss. But just given the time (Aka a once over)...I guess I always feel bad about these kinds of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my questions is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Things are expected to slip through if you are just given a once through correct? Im not talking about a lot of major stuff. But little things (especially if it's a large website). How do I not beat myself up over this?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What can you do about design things? Is QA expected to notice these things? (Especially without reference). Like I will notice given a mockup for example that the heading should be blue instead of red, or the text should say this not that. But padding/etc... Im not really sure whats right or wrong....how do I amend this or improve this for myself?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T21:08:14.597" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T23:15:51.380" Title="Testing without direction, how not to miss things? What about layout?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17847" CreationDate="2016-04-13T14:47:13.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your driver is null when you're creating the WebDriverWait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver1;&#xA;//At this point, driver is not initialized.&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver1,20);&#xA;By SysopUserName = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_UserName&quot;);&#xA;By SysopPassword = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_Password&quot;);&#xA;By AdminLoginButton = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_ButtonSubmit&quot;);&#xA;By JobManagementandMonitoringlink = By.linkText(&quot;Job Management and Monitoring&quot;);&#xA;By RunJobbutton = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_GridViewJobs_ctl09_btnRun&quot;);&#xA;WebElement RunJobBut;&#xA;&#xA;//Constructor&#xA;public SFQA_Administrator(WebDriver driver)&#xA;{&#xA;    this.driver1=driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver1;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait;&#xA;By SysopUserName = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_UserName&quot;);&#xA;By SysopPassword = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_Password&quot;);&#xA;By AdminLoginButton = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_Login1_ButtonSubmit&quot;);&#xA;By JobManagementandMonitoringlink = By.linkText(&quot;Job Management and Monitoring&quot;);&#xA;By RunJobbutton = By.id(&quot;ctl00_ContentPlaceBody_GridViewJobs_ctl09_btnRun&quot;);&#xA;WebElement RunJobBut;&#xA;&#xA;//Constructor&#xA;public SFQA_Administrator(WebDriver driver)&#xA;{&#xA;    this.driver1=driver;&#xA;    this.wait = new WebDriverWait(driver1,20);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T11:44:37.240" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T11:44:37.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18080" CreationDate="2016-04-13T14:57:41.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you haven't been given requirements then it makes testing really difficult. You'll also be glad to hear that exhaustive testing is impossible (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-are-the-principles-of-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Principles of Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of design requirements, you're allowed to ask the product designer or business analyst for feedback/confirmation as you go because requirements often change - especially in an Agile environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It'd be prudent to put a few hours into test planning before any test execution commences. The test plan can then be approved by the client and they're effectively signing off what's in scope to test and, more importantly, what's out of scope. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My general rule of thumb is; if it's different to what you're expecting then raise a defect. This will prevent anyone in the business from going &quot;Why didn't you say anything?&quot; or &quot;How did you miss that?&quot; - but you'll have your back covered already with defects and a test plan which they signed off :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T14:57:41.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10368" CreationDate="2016-04-13T15:03:56.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience with such error messages, I create a wrapper to input the text.&#xA;It's helpful when input HTML elements have changed eg validation frame that disappears. You can add Clear input at beginning for further improvement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-robot prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Input Type Flex&#xA;        [Arguments]    ${locator}    ${text}&#xA;        [Documentation]    write text letter by letter&#xA;        ${items}    Get Length    ${text}&#xA;        : FOR    ${item}    IN RANGE    ${items}&#xA;        \    Press Key    ${locator}    ${text[${item}]}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17777" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2018-12-05T14:48:44.993" LastActivityDate="2018-12-05T14:48:44.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18080" CreationDate="2016-04-13T15:28:30.173" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Things are expected to slip through if you are just given a once through correct? Im not talking about a lot of major stuff. But little things (especially if it's a large website). How do I not beat myself up over this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes.  There are innumerable levels of quality and bugs will slip through at each of them.  Consider these levels:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it possible to use the website to do what the developer thinks it needed to do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it possible to use the website to do what the project manager asked for it to do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it possible to use the website to do what the project manager actually wanted it to do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it possible to use the website to do what the user needs for it to do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is is possible to use the website to do what the user wants it to do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the website understandable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the website easy to use?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the website actually help the business meet its goals?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the business meet the owners' goals?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on.  The longer you do this job, the more of these levels you will see, and the more problems you will see.  You can never catch or solve every problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beating yourself up because you do not achieve an unachievable goal is pointless.  A more productive way to live is to pay attention to what you do, observe the outcomes honestly, and be receptive to change.  This iterative approach can take you down a path of gradual improvement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What can you do about design things? Is QA expected to notice these things? (Especially without reference). Like I will notice given a mockup for example that the heading should be blue instead of red, or the text should say this not that. But padding/etc... Im not really sure whats right or wrong....how do I amend this or improve this for myself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your organization&lt;/em&gt; has to decide whether QA is expected to notice these things.  Sometimes a design thing is obviously wrong, but often  you only know about a design problem after users have experienced it. You can test for that by engaging outsiders.  See for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usertesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;UserTesting.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T22:14:23.047" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T22:14:23.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18080" CreationDate="2016-04-13T15:46:28.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) Remember 100% testing is not possible, it is basic testing principle and   everyone know that. so dont feel beat yourself too hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) GUI bugs are important to the client so you should have concentrate on those, as they will be the 1st to be noticed. But px bugs can be done throug chrome F12 and checked. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also a note: take your time, a QA should be given 40% of the time of development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17779" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T15:46:28.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18080" CreationDate="2016-04-13T18:10:06.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note before I dive in: We do Scrum so depending on the project methodology your company uses, this may or may not be useful for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have our initial requirements from the stakeholders. The stakeholders are a combination of our clients, subject matter experts, product owners, executives, and managers. We are provided what they expect the final results should look like. This is after the project has been groomed by subject matter experts and product owners if nothing else. We have what is called a scrum team which comprises of the scrum master, our business analyst, our QA, and our technical associates. We get together as a team and review the project and the details they have provided from their grooming session. We make sure we understand what they are looking for to be the end product. Then we have a meeting to generate the BDD (Business Driven Development) which is loosely coming up with test scenarios of all possible things that need to be tested, including any regression test*ng to make sure we don't break existing functionality. Technical is part of this process. Doing the BDD makes a huge difference, makes more than the QA accountable for everything which needs to be tested and validated, and it makes the testing more thorough. And requirements do change. While testing you may discover a gap that the client hadn't mentioned. You bring it up. They then decide if they will absorb it into this project or it will basically become another phase of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for the long reply. I just wanted you to know that true support of a QA is to include the whole team as part of making sure a project is tested as well as possible. I realize that may not be possible in your case. If it isn't, then you are limited to only one human doing the testing and validation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have stated, there is no such thing as total, full, perfect testing. It's best efforts, sincere efforts, doing as much testing as possible. And as someone pointed out, a huge chunk of your time should be allotted to the actual testing. I've worked with QA's and know how challenging their jobs are (I'm a software engineer) and have respect for just how much weighs on them due to their testing is crucial to providing a quality product to the client. Do your best, don't beat yourself up, and with time it will get easier. This is honestly one of those careers where experience is your best asset. So know that it will get easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17780" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2016-04-13T23:15:51.380" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T23:15:51.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18080" CreationDate="2016-04-13T18:22:23.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Been in that situation, and far more than I'd like.  While we'd like customers to provide complete and iron-clad requirements, it never (and I do mean never) happens.  Well, unless you're shooting people into space.  I hear they do a pretty thorough job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the rest of us, it's generally a continuum.  The bits of this you don't have as far as requirements go, you'll have to rely on experience and make educated guesses.  Obviously you know that exceptions, 500 errors, timeouts, and login fails are bad.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen the &quot;I can't test &lt;em&gt;at all&lt;/em&gt; without requirements!!&quot; mantra, and it's bupkis.  You can test it.  But it's not going to be &quot;fully tested&quot; in any sense of the word.  :-) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found that sketching out my assumptions at the get-go helps direct my testing and gives me a good idea of how to prioritize/time box my efforts.  This is &lt;em&gt;especially&lt;/em&gt; important when &quot;testing dark&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are (always) some of the core questions I to ask.  If the requirements answer them, great!  If not, make your best guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who is the tool/program trying to help? (target audiences)&#xA;What is the tool trying to help said folks accomplish? This isn't merely what they &quot;do&quot; with the tool  It's the difference between &quot;getting a photo onto a website&quot; and &quot;sharing pictures with family&quot; ... the difference is sometimes subtle, but very important.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Does it do that?  (this covers mostly happy path) &#xA;Reasonably easily? (this covers basic UI)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once that's down, you (of course) will need more info as testing gets under way.  I've found approaches like the following helpful in getting answers to the above...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;So is it more a  experience assumed feature, or a  level of experience?&quot;  &amp;lt;-- substitute examples as appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I think this feature is supposed to work this way...is that right, or am I missing something?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Can you help clarify something for me, if I do X, should I see Y or Z happen? No?  But Q should &lt;em&gt;never&lt;/em&gt; happen, right?  Ok.  Well, it's doing Q .... &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd concur 100% with the 100% comments above.  There is no such thing as a completely tested app.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not the &quot;gatekeeper of quality&quot; ... that's rubbish.  Your job is to do your best to let those-who-make-decisions know the state-of-the-app.   That job is bounded by time.  Give me more time, I'll give you a more confident answer.  Give me less time, I'll prioritize and do what I can but it'll be less deep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This speaks to the ridiculous &quot;complete run-through&quot; request ... I generally will give a swag along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one day, I can hit 20% of the basic functionality, but only verifying to 5% deep.&#xA;Give me a week, I can hit more like 40% of the most used functionality, but it'll be more like 10% deep.&#xA;In a month, I can hit 75% of the functionality, with a 40% depth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the caveat: with more bugs found and longer fix times, those numbers will need to be adjusted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side note:&#xA;I once had an old grizzled QA mgr ask me &quot;How many QA engineers does it take to screw in a lightbulb?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uhh....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;None.  We just report that it's dark.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True, but I'd add &quot;but we will tell you when the light went out, how often it goes out, what the state of the switch was when it went out, whether we can make it go out repeatedly, in what room it went out, and who likely touched it last&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;cheers - and good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17782" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T18:22:23.733" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18080" CreationDate="2016-04-13T21:04:51.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q1. Things are expected to slip through if you are just given a once&#xA;  through correct? Im not talking about a lot of major stuff. But little&#xA;  things (especially if it's a large website). How do I not beat myself&#xA;  up over this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A1. Accept that you can not be perfect.  Make sure you have an outlet to note and record the bugs that you do find so they get addressed.  Learn as much about the business domain as possible so your feedback relates to it.  Make sure you cover different data, different devices, happy and sad paths, different connectivity, etc. and if you don't cover them in a &quot;once through&quot; make sure you have stated that.  Remember you can have Safari, Chrome, Android Studio (and on a mac, iOS phone emulator and Parallels for other browsers such as IEs) all available locally or you can use remote services like &lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://browsershots.org/&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://browserstack.com&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://saucelabs.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://saucelabs.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q2. What can you do about design things? Is QA expected to notice these&#xA;  things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A2. Yes, this is covered by exploratory testing and by using your brain to see if things look ok.  This is also one of the reasons you have a lot of automated testing for forms and links as that frees you up to have time to manualy visually inspect the layout and try the look and feel to detect issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T21:04:51.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17974" CreationDate="2016-04-13T21:14:52.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would term it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Data Validation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Data Transformation Validation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are validating that the data has been transformed correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T21:14:52.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18080" CreationDate="2016-04-13T22:39:52.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Things are expected to slip through if you are just given a once&#xA;  through correct? Im not talking about a lot of major stuff. But little&#xA;  things (especially if it's a large website). How do I not beat myself&#xA;  up over this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always say that I can test anything in any amount of time. When I'm given more time, I can do better. But I can still do good things when I have little time - just not as good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you begin your testing, think it through. Since I have X hours to test this, what can I do that will have the most impact? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you are testing on too many browsers, for example. When time is tight, I might skip the browsers that don't have many users in order to concentrate on the most-used browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, I might not bother with any negative testing, until I'm confident that the happy path work well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prioritize the risks in your head first, make a few notes, then jump in and start testing until you run out of time. You'll be able to tell yourself that you gave it the best X hours of your time that your could. And you'll know that if things fall through the cracks, it was due to time, not ineffective testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What can you do about design things? Is QA expected to notice these&#xA;  things? (Especially without reference). Like I will notice given a&#xA;  mockup for example that the heading should be blue instead of red, or&#xA;  the text should say this not that. But padding/etc... Im not really&#xA;  sure whats right or wrong....how do I amend this or improve this for&#xA;  myself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the application you are testing is supposed to be consistent design-wise with other applications that you have already tested, then perhaps you will be expected to note any inconsistencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly, you would be expected to note any internal inconsistencies within this particular application itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, you can only do what you can do. And if the mockups don't tell you enough, you can't be expected to read minds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might help:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T22:39:52.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18074" CreationDate="2016-04-13T23:32:55.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I can see that the button is clicked but the responses are not displayed on the UI. Consequently my test is failing when I use chrome browser to run my test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium executes tests much faster in Chrome than Firefox; noticeably faster. So you might have a test that passes in Firefox but fails in Chrome because an element (often NoSuchElementError or StaleElementReferenceError) isn't ready. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's nice that Firefox is slow enough to visually see what is happening but you need to be able to debug your tests. In Chrome this is a must. Try working out your logic, print lines to the console if necessary and hopefully in this case it's just a timing issue where you just need to &lt;code&gt;wait&lt;/code&gt; for certain elements to appear. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on Implicit and Explicit waits see &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/47-waiting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Elemental Selenium Tip 47&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2016-04-13T23:32:55.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15928" CreationDate="2016-04-14T06:05:16.723" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may try with javascriptexecutor-&#xA;Check below code-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&amp;quot;WallItemItemDetail_ifr&amp;quot;);&#xA;// select the editor and do the input &#xA;&#xA;WebElement TextBox = driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;tinymce&amp;quot;));&#xA;String input= &amp;quot;editor done&amp;quot;;&#xA;TextBox.getAttribute(&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;);&#xA;JavascriptExecutor jst= (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;jst.executeScript(&amp;quot;arguments[1].value = arguments[0]; &amp;quot;, input, TextBox);   &#xA;&#xA;// switch back to the default window &#xA;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2021-03-26T02:09:46.400" LastActivityDate="2021-03-26T02:09:46.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-14T06:05:45.413" Score="1" ViewCount="338" Body="&lt;p&gt;I Created a new &lt;code&gt;Test Plan&lt;/code&gt; With selecting the option : &quot; &lt;strong&gt;Create from Existing Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the test cases are added to the new test plan .When I am trying to Edit the test case or test suite  or delete any test case . That test case is deleted in the Previous test plan from where I imported test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I only edit or Add/Delete the test cases without affecting the Other test plan?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16132" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-12-27T10:03:16.200" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T12:05:29.590" Title="When try to modify a testcase in a Testplan that modifications are affecting to other testplan" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18068" CreationDate="2016-04-14T06:10:38.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I stumbled upon some black box techniques, but I don't really get how it works. I found sources saying that black box techniques are techniques in which you input something in a program and check if the output matches with the wanted result, if it doesn't, there's an error somewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's help with the terminology first:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black Box Testing&lt;/strong&gt; typically means testing the application &lt;em&gt;without knowledge of the internal code (structures, workings, etc)&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-box_testing&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Black Box Testing get it's name from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_box&quot;&gt;Black Box&lt;/a&gt; devices. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I think of &lt;strong&gt;Test Techniques&lt;/strong&gt; I think of ways design, run and interpret the results of tests.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;That would make Black Box techniques, test techniques commonly used in a black box approach.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowing if an output is correct requires you to have an &lt;strong&gt;Oracle&lt;/strong&gt;, or a something that helps us decide if the program passed or failed the test. It could be a specification, a reference program, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can a software tester without any knowledge of the program do these tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would be knowledge of the code, not knowledge of the program. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if we take a look at the test technique Domain Testing, also known as Boundary Analysis and Equivalence Class Partition, and if we use the Schema laid out in the awesome book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0989811905&quot;&gt;The Domain Testing Workbook by Cem Kaner&lt;/a&gt; the first thing we do is &lt;strong&gt;Characterize the Variable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a lot to this but let me see if I can sum it up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We look at a program (from a black box perspective) for variables (things we can change) and make a list of all of the interesting ones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then we analyze a few interesting variables to understand them by their data type, range of valid values, special cases, responses to invalid values, etc, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then we try to understand it's primary dimension or it's primary purpose&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It goes on from there until we are able to select a few powerful tests, all without knowing or using knowledge of the internal code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth noting that &lt;em&gt;many test techniques&lt;/em&gt; can be approached from both black box and glass box (or white box) ways. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T06:10:38.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18072" CreationDate="2016-04-14T06:30:10.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As of my experience-In simple words-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all -Test Bed is not a Tool or not a plugin. It is a platform or we can say it as- method which is used to test a particular module. It is the combination of hardware and software environment on which the tests will be executed.&#xA;It includes hardware configuration, operating system settings, software configuration,test terminals, network configuration, the product under test and other support to perform the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;example&lt;/strong&gt; consider a web-based application:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Web Server - IIS/Apache&#xA;Database - MS SQL&#xA;OS - Windows/ Linux&#xA;Browser - IE/FireFox&#xA;Java version : version 6&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T10:35:04.327" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T10:35:04.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18043" CreationDate="2016-04-14T07:06:15.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the list is shown in iframe so you need to switch to iframe first then try to find out the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3hyx5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3hyx5.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so your code should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//iframe[@class='sa-shim']&quot;));&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list=  driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='yui_3_12_0_1_1460454396950_758']/ul/li[starts-with(@id,'yui_3_12_0_1_1460')]/a&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T07:06:15.447" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18097" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18099" CreationDate="2016-04-14T10:54:13.320" Score="3" ViewCount="653" Body="&lt;p&gt;Beyond for the purpose of temporarily intentionally delaying Selenium at designated points for debugging, is there ever a valid purpose for a &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(x)&lt;/code&gt; in a run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could apply to any language, using the corresponding Thread Sleep functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T16:50:05.450" Title="Does Selenium ever need Thread.Sleep" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-14T11:05:03.327" Score="3" ViewCount="536" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therac-25&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Therac-25&lt;/a&gt; incident is a well known issue where the users of the product became far more proficient with it than the testers were. This caused a race condition which uncovered a defect. Historically, I have found that timing matters when testing. How quickly, or slowly, you click something or submit data can uncover different issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience setting up a framework that will test how the system handles different levels of waits between different actions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give an example of a scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An application I was load testing passed all tests under a heavy load. While reviewing the code, I noticed a flaw in the design of the system where if there was a very small, consistent load than it would use an immense amount of resources and run constantly against a very small amount of work. I set up a load test that simulated the conditions and verified my findings and sent it back to Development. While this was a performance issue and a performance test, this type of scenario could potentially uncover a functional issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T04:11:57.160" Title="Simulating race conditions with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18097" CreationDate="2016-04-14T11:33:35.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a word, yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's one scenario where it was necessary to sleep for a specified number of seconds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application could display credit card numbers to a small number of users who had the privilege to view secured data. The display window was designed to log who viewed the data and which transaction was being viewed; and to close itself after a configurable length of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My scripts would set the display time to a short enough value that the delay wasn't excessive, then open the secured data. At this point the script would sleep for the length of the display time, then check that the form no longer displayed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the tool I was using at the time, this was the simplest and cleanest way to verify that the display time was being honored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T11:33:35.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17417" CreationDate="2016-04-14T14:08:25.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have set up a similar utility using JUnit test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My framework used Groovy/Spock with listeners that reported results into a Couchbase DB. From there the tests were displayed on an AngularJS site which had the options to run either the selected test or run all test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have posted the API portion of the code &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/18038/effective-way-to-deliver-automation-script-to-client/18053#18053&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; which should not be overly difficult to convert from JUnit to TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T14:08:25.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18067" CreationDate="2016-04-14T14:09:04.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have your tried copy URL of this page from address bar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will see that on copying and then pasting, it will append HTTP. By default, browser takes HTTP and don't displays it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case, its HTTPS you can see HTTPS specifically appearing in address bar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of now, I can't see any site which on copying pasting is not showing HTTP/HTTPs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please re-check the link you are trying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4349" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T14:09:04.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18102" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-14T14:13:16.983" Score="2" ViewCount="13736" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to test Salesforce Lightning application by capturing JSON request and response with Selenium WebDriver or any?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to do it, if so how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17802" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T15:30:43.337" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T22:25:42.437" Title="How to do the web application testing by capturing JSON request and response using selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-04-17T22:46:55.023" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17224" CreationDate="2016-04-14T14:29:16.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Behaviors Become Defined&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If everyone is on board with the process instead of a list of requirements, everyone gets a list of Behaviors which then define the requirements. As the process is used more, and discussions are had these behaviors become more thorough and the requirements become clearly defined from them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test cases are easier&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When BDD frameworks are used correctly, test cases are easier for everyone. By seeing in a human readable format what the test case was doing when it failed, you can then be able to determine further actions and discovery processes to determine any other issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following Patterns&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Development tends to have patterns of defects. If your BDD framework has historical data, it will allow you to follow these patterns. As an example, one of the common areas for issues that I have seen is with roles and permissions. Since I know this is a common area for issues instead of waiting for development to finish, getting the code into QA, finding issues with it and then sending back to Dev I am able to ensure that part of the BDD includes the roles and permissions up front, ensuring that my developers understand exactly what they are attempting to accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Think first, Code later&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All *DD follows this basic principle. Writing code is a privilege, one that is earned by determining the problems you are going to face up front. While this doesn't result in perfect code, it does help to reduce mistakes and makes everyone's life better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T14:29:16.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18104" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18113" CreationDate="2016-04-14T14:56:54.443" Score="2" ViewCount="244" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm fairly new to this subject. Out of different literature I'm understanding what I show in the image below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is first you have to create test plan, After test plan you have to create test cases, but this is dependent on the testing techniques that you are using, like you see in the image below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I understanding this correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v1Yya.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v1Yya.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17803" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T11:33:44.583" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T07:02:59.863" Title="Testing techniques and cases (White and black box Testing)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18105" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18112" CreationDate="2016-04-14T16:25:35.133" Score="5" ViewCount="4215" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running e2e tests using Protractor on a VM through azure.  I want to run tests on multiple browsers, which Protractor allows me to do by adding a list like this (from the protractor.config file):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;multiCapabilities: [&#xA;   {'browserName': 'internet explorer'},&#xA;   {'browserName': 'chrome'}&#xA;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I can add more browsers to that list.  However, when protractor launches it runs both browsers in parallel, which is great for saving time but I believe it is too much for this VM to handle and is causing some tests to timeout.  How can I tell protractor to run the test on each browser I specify in series rather than parallel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17794" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T00:51:08.233" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T00:51:08.233" Title="How to Run e2e tests on multiple browsers in series?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18097" CreationDate="2016-04-14T16:50:05.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I/O APIs often incorporate timeout values.  The purported best way to test time-related code is to take control of the clock, but sometimes that is not practical, e.g. because you use a third-party, time-dependent library that you do not want to modify.  In those cases, the best way to test what happens after a timeout is to sleep for the timeout period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T16:50:05.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18107" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-14T17:09:17.387" Score="2" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium IDE 2.9.1. I'm opening Test case recorded earlier for making changes in it, but I'm unable to see the commands in the Table view though I can see the HTML code in the source view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you guide and suggest me how to view the earlier recorded scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17805" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T10:22:34.727" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T10:22:34.727" Title="Unable to see commands in selenium IDE 2.9.1" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-20T15:02:30.737" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18110" CreationDate="2016-04-14T17:19:03.980" Score="2" ViewCount="6251" Body="&lt;p&gt;In coded UI is there a way to set the value of a ComboBox using the value of Value Attribute. Consider the following Html of a ComboBox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select name=&quot;ParametersID&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; title=&quot;ABC&quot; class=&quot;form-control select-control select2-offscreen&quot; id=&quot;Parameters_ID&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; data-val=&quot;true&quot; data-val-number=&quot;This is a sample HTML&quot; data-sets='[&quot;A&quot;,&quot;B&quot;,&quot;C&quot;,&quot;D&quot;,&quot;E&quot;,&quot;F&quot;]' data-placeholder=&quot;Select only one&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;option value=&quot;7311&quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;option value=&quot;7312&quot;&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;option value=&quot;7313&quot;&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;option value=&quot;7314&quot;&amp;gt;D&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;option value=&quot;7315&quot;&amp;gt;E&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to set value of Html ComboBox using the values 7311, 7312 etc. not by the text &quot;A&quot;, &quot;B&quot; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found that we properties like SelectedItem (to select using the text value) and SelectedIndex (to select by Index). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SelectedItem&lt;/strong&gt;: Currently I am using this option, it is good but it is not that reliable. Since, text values inside dropdown can be updated from Admin pages. Also, these text values depends upon language selected by user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SelectedIndex&lt;/strong&gt;: This doesn't fit to any of my requirement, because I don't know which value will be at what index position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a property &quot;ValueAttribute&quot; but it is only for getting the value not for set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T11:24:19.503" Title="How to set ComboBox value in Coded UI using Value Attribute?" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18102" CreationDate="2016-04-14T17:28:27.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should consider other tools to test it as Selenium is browser automation framework and you seem to be talking about &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;REST API&lt;/a&gt;. Selenium limitations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You don't have control of &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Headers&lt;/a&gt;, you will need at least &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc1341/4_Content-Type.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Content-Type&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will be tricky to send non-GET requests (POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the options are in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use underlying Selenium client libraries. Under the hood Selenium uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSON&lt;/a&gt; requests so if you have enough programming knowledge you should be able to manually construct relevant HTTP Requests with JSON payload and parse responses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use alternative tool. The most most popular are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://restclient.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RESTClient&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T17:28:27.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18108" CreationDate="2016-04-14T18:13:18.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;(This was meant to be a comment, but I do not have enough rep to do so) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can find the ComboBox within your page,  you should be able to iterate over all of the different options.  If you can do that you should be able to check the ValueAttribute within the option.  Once you find the option that you would like to select, you should be able to set the selected item to that option.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer,  I havnt had the pleasure of working with Coded UI to work with Web Controls,  just c# form controls (but the idea should be the same)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;EDIT with an actual answer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is one way to do it,  I am sure you could make it better.... Disclaimer... This isnt built out the best and should only be used as a basis for understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        String valueToSelect = &quot;7312&quot;;&#xA;        BrowserWindow browser = BrowserWindow.Launch(@&quot;websiteAddress&quot;);&#xA;        HtmlComboBox box = new HtmlComboBox(browser);&#xA;&#xA;        UITestControlCollection col = box.FindMatchingControls();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        if(col.Count &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;        {&#xA;            foreach(HtmlComboBox comboBox in col)&#xA;            {&#xA;                if(comboBox.Name == &quot;ParametersID&quot;)&#xA;                {&#xA;                   UITestControlCollection col2 = comboBox.Items;&#xA;                    foreach(HtmlListItem item in col2)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        if(item.ValueAttribute == valueToSelect)&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            comboBox.SelectedItem = item.InnerText;&#xA;                            break;&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First find the combobox, then get all of the List items within that Combo Box.  After that,  iterate through each item looking for the ValueAttribute you would like to select.  Please let me know if you would like it explained better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastEditorUserId="11866" LastEditDate="2016-04-14T20:50:45.300" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T20:50:45.300" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18102" CreationDate="2016-04-14T18:48:21.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using java take a look at Jayway's &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jayway/rest-assured&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rest-assured&lt;/a&gt;. I have a quick (well for me) start project &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mikejramsey56/cuc_jav_webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Look for tags @rest or @api.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using Ruby then &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.teamtreehouse.com/its-time-to-httparty&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTParty&lt;/a&gt; is a very simple way to accomplish the same.  I have a local project (using &lt;a href=&quot;https://strongloop.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Strongloop&lt;/a&gt; to generate a local test target) but I haven't pushed it yet. There are many alternatives in the ruby world for API testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T18:48:21.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18105" CreationDate="2016-04-14T18:57:42.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;multiCapabilities: [&#xA;  {'browserName': 'internet explorer'},&#xA;  {'browserName': 'chrome'}&#xA;],&#xA;&#xA;maxSessions: 1,&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T18:57:42.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18104" CreationDate="2016-04-14T19:12:32.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This isn't how I approach testing but I suppose you could try it like this. Based on the diagram it seems very top down and doesn't represent how you might actually approach testing. In practice I do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Terminology&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt; - contains the logistical information (delivery dates, who is on the team, etc etc) and the Test Strategy. This could be a written document or not. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Strategy&lt;/strong&gt; - contains the test ideas (some call them test cases) and to a larger extent the &lt;em&gt;test techniques&lt;/em&gt; I intend to use. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Techniques&lt;/strong&gt; - ways to design, run and interpret the results of tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;My Approach:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I will design my Test Strategy first based on what my &lt;strong&gt;information objective&lt;/strong&gt; is and what product (or service) I am testing. My information objective (or my mission) will help me understand what risks were looking for and that will help me determine what &lt;em&gt;approaches I take&lt;/em&gt; (black box, glass / white box) and what &lt;em&gt;test techniques I use&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This information feeds back into my over-all &lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt;. I look to the test plan for help with understanding how much time I have to complete my testing but I typically won't spend more than 30 minutes on this document. It's really just a high-level overview.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I will choose the best test techniques for the job (and my skill comfort level), approach them in either a black box or glass box way and then design tests to hopefully reveal failures.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth noting that some describe certain test techniques as &quot;black box techniques&quot; or &quot;white box techniques&quot;. It's true that some make more sense to do with the internal knowledge of the code (glass / white box) and some make more sense to do without it (black box) but some test techniques can be applied in both ways. For example Boundary Value Analysis could be applied both with or without internal knowledge of the code. See my comment on this post for an example: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/18068/black-box-testing-methods-without-knowledge/18094#18094&quot;&gt;Black box testing methods without knowledge&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T19:12:32.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18104" CreationDate="2016-04-14T19:25:52.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on what you are trying to achieve you might do both. Test cases are usually in an appendix because they change.  Once a MTP is baselined it can be a chore to change it (thank you government).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=56737&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-3:2013&lt;/a&gt;.  Click the preview button to see what a test plan table of contents should look like. &#xA;You can also google &lt;strong&gt;master test plan template 29119-3&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course if your project is agile, don't bother.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T19:25:52.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18102" CreationDate="2016-04-14T22:25:42.437" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since I don't know what language you're using, I'm going to assume Java.  These ideas should be language independent, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium cannot do this.  What you're describing is either the job of a proxy server, or the job of an http library.  When you encounter situations like this, it isn't uncommon to introduce additional libraries to use alongside Selenium.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to explore the proxy option to intercept incoming and outgoing traffic for analysis.  You can set up Selenium to run through a proxy quite easily:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.addArgument(&quot;--proxy-server&quot;, &quot;localhost:1234&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With firefox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;network.proxy.type&quot;, 1);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;network.proxy.http&quot;, &quot;localhost&quot;);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;network.proxy.port&quot;, 1234);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this, you can use whatever proxy you want, whether it's a programmatically driven one integrated into your tests, or an external one such as CharlesProxy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative to proxy servers is to not use Selenium at all when you need to send requests and analyze their response (This isn't often possible unless the item under test is an API call).  I would suggest using a library such as HttpUnit which will let you send raw http requests out and receive their responses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're interested in learning more about why Selenium doesn't allow you to view http traffic directly, this may be an interesting read (though focused specifically towards viewing http status codes): &lt;a href=&quot;http://jimevansmusic.blogspot.com/2012/07/webdriver-y-u-no-have-http-status-codes.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jimevansmusic.blogspot.com/2012/07/webdriver-y-u-no-have-http-status-codes.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-04-14T22:25:42.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18098" CreationDate="2016-04-15T00:21:08.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because of jQuery and Ajax, it is a challenge to get Selenium to wait for everything to load. Testers like repeatable because you need to telll developers how to reproduce the problem. That being said, I have put randomness into my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  javascript{Math.floor(Y*Math.random()+X)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will generate an integer in the range [X, (X + Y - 1)].  You could use this to select different drop-down list items, check different boxes, etc. I suppose one could use it to generate variable waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will say that the race conditions that I have found were because I let Selenium &quot;run as fast as it can&quot; and not by introducing waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T00:21:08.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18117" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-15T01:38:11.643" Score="5" ViewCount="1962" Body="&lt;p&gt;By my research so far, IE  selenium webdriver (for IE10 or 11) is not able to retrieve &lt;code&gt;httponly&lt;/code&gt; cookies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So code like this can return a full set of cookies including those set to &lt;code&gt;httponly&lt;/code&gt; if I am using Chrome or FF driver &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.driver.get_cookies()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However for the IE driver, the&lt;code&gt;httponly&lt;/code&gt; cookies will be missing from the result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just want to confirm it is the behaviour as of now, and if there is any workaround other than unsetting the &lt;code&gt;httponly&lt;/code&gt; flag on the server side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Unable to create new 'IE' tag so tagging this question with &lt;code&gt;ie9&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11033" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T02:35:53.317" LastActivityDate="2018-07-15T01:28:30.167" Title="How to retrieve httponly cookies with IE selenium driver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18118" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-15T08:01:55.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Internet Explorer is a web-browser and built-in component for the family of Microsoft Windows operating systems. It uses the Trident rendering engine and Chakra &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/javascript&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;javascript&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;javascript&lt;/a&gt; engine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;News and information about Internet Explorer is published on MSDN Blog and new capabilities are demonstrated via benchmarks on IE testdrive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latest stable release is Internet Explorer 11, with an interface allowing for use as both a desktop application, and as a windows-8 application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versions of Internet Explorer for other operating systems have also been produced, including an Xbox-360 version called Internet Explorer for Xbox and an embedded OEM version called pocket-ie (Pocket Internet Explorer), later rebranded Internet Explorer Mobile, which is based on Internet Explorer 9 and made for windows-phone, windows-ce, and previously, based on Internet Explorer 7 for Windows Mobile. It remains in development alongside the desktop versions. Internet Explorer for Mac and Internet Explorer for &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/unix&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;unix&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;unix&lt;/a&gt; (solaris and hp-ux) have been discontinued.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Targeting IE in HTML and CSS&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Internet explorer is assigned the vendor-prefix &lt;code&gt;-ms-&lt;/code&gt; by the &lt;code&gt;w3c&lt;/code&gt; for use in &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/css&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;css&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;css&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of Internet Explorer 10, conditional comments are no longer supported but previous versions of Internet Explorer were able to be manipulated using conditional-comments&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Documentation:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ie.microsoft.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Official website&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://[MSDN%20Blog](http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MSDN blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;See Also:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the following tags for questions related to specific versions of Internet Explorer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/ie8&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;ie8&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;ie8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/ie9&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;ie9&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;ie9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T00:57:17.957" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T00:57:17.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18119" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-15T08:01:55.083" Score="0" Body="Internet Explorer (commonly abbreviated to IE or MSIE) is a web browser developed by Microsoft and is included as part of Microsoft Windows. (If your question is about a specific version of IE, please also use appropriate tag, e.g.: ie9)" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-15T13:41:35.400" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T13:41:35.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18120" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18160" CreationDate="2016-04-15T10:19:39.893" Score="2" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;(First question here ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a software engineer, and in my team I'm also in charge of checking all logged errors that our servers or &quot;fat clients&quot; produce. When I see something new, I'm meant to fill-in a bug report, which, if at all possible, should include steps to reproduce the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: how can I try to reproduce bugs that arise from IO errors while reading/writing files (most likely due to either defect drives (USB sticks?), or unreliable network drives)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It must be so that some drive/directory is visible and accessible from the &quot;fat client&quot; (Java), and only when trying to read or write from it do we get an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17816" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T07:44:10.303" Title="How can I simulate a defect drive in Windows?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;hardware&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3724" CreationDate="2016-04-15T10:56:59.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kualitee.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Kualitee&lt;/a&gt; a test management tool has an exclusive integration with JIRA. It also features link hierarchy in it's interface and allows you to export those files under different formats. Its also free up to 20 users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17814" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T10:56:59.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18123" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18130" CreationDate="2016-04-15T10:58:24.827" Score="6" ViewCount="782" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm aware of automation tools like- Selenium, Appium, Selendroid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other tool available in the market which is used for automation testing outside of the selenium group?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T12:09:07.043" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T12:09:07.043" Title="Are there any non-selenium based tools for Automation testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-04-15T14:03:58.760" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18125" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-15T11:41:38.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Internet Explorer 8&lt;/a&gt; is the first version of IE to pass the Acid2 test, although it scores only 20% on the Acid3 Test. According to Microsoft, security, ease of use, and improvements in RSS, Cascading Style Sheets, and Ajax support were its priorities for IE8.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Internet Explorer 8 is the last version of Internet Explorer to be supported on Windows XP; the next version, Internet Explorer 9, is supported only on Windows Vista and Windows 7 operating systems and was released on 14 March 2011.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft provides free virtual machines for testing websites in IE8. (as well as other versions of IE) See the following link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://modern.ie/en-us/virtualization-tools#downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://modern.ie/en-us/virtualization-tools#downloads&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Resources:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2009/03/12/site-compatibility-and-ie8.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Site Compatibility and IE8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd433047&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Standards Compliance Updates in Internet Explorer 8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd565690&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Internet Explorer Namespace Support&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc304082&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSS Improvements in Internet Explorer 8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2008/04/23/what-happened-to-operation-aborted.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;What Happened to Operation Aborted?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/ff966502%28VS.85%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IE8 Bugs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/ff966502%28VS.85%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Addressing Application Compatibility When Migrating to Internet Explorer 8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms533059&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;-ms-accelerator Attribute&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hsivonen.iki.fi/doctype/ie8-mode.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Compatibility Mode Flowchart&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T00:57:31.160" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T00:57:31.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18126" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-15T11:41:38.860" Score="0" Body="Internet Explorer 8 is a web browser developed by Microsoft, released on 19 March 2009 for Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, and Windows 7." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-17T00:57:23.643" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T00:57:23.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18123" CreationDate="2016-04-15T13:03:56.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most recent developments that I have observed are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Running tests in the cloud.  Companies like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.saucelabs.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Browserstack&lt;/a&gt; are leaders here.  There are many advantages to this, from the number of devices being tested to the number of parallels servers that can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Writing UI tests using UI tools.  Products such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ghostinspector.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ghostinspector&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://heliumhq.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;heliumhq&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://testcafe.devexpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestCafe&lt;/a&gt; are starting to become available and allow you to build test cases using a web GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Increasing use of mocking and stubbing of components such as database and other services / micro-services, as noted by Paul Muir (+1) so that tests can run in milliseconds instead of seconds and minutes.  A well-stubbed test suite of hundreds of (non-ui) tests should run in 5-10 mins and not just grow to unwieldy over time.  This takes work.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agile.  As Agile is now a leading approach, automation specialist needs to develop automation within the agile process.  This is a huge topic on its own.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tools like jmeter for performance testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ruby and rspec provide the framework that capybara runs within and they are powerful frameworks in their own right and can be used flexibly in various situations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T21:00:32.300" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T21:00:32.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18123" CreationDate="2016-04-15T13:05:08.753" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MITM proxies&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2665812/what-is-mocking&quot;&gt;Mocks&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/463278/what-is-a-stub&quot;&gt;Stubbing&lt;/a&gt; to be the most advanced pieces of Technology in Automated Checking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By using these, it makes it far easier to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create repeatable, consistent checks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decrease overall execution speed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Segregate the application into logical pieces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record executed manual tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for the real answer, QA's knowledge and senses is the most advanced tool we have. The ability to intuitively detect an issue. The 'this just doesn't feel right to me' instinct that we develop that causes us to push deeper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T13:01:37.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18131" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20350" CreationDate="2016-04-15T14:12:30.810" Score="5" ViewCount="2840" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to create a simple Selenium script to login to a page directly proceeded by logging out from the page. I am using Selenium with C# and PageFactory to reach the elements on the webpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to login to the page, but unable to logout. The login and logout button themselves are made visible by clicking the loginLogoutElementMakeVisible element seen below. This element changes after logging in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current solution is to have one reference to the element in my code as seen below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Findsby(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;a[href='javascript:void(0)']&quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement loginLogoutElementMakeVisible&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Html for the button to make login button visible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;nav-link sm-menu-item more&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a data-bind=&quot;click: function(){ loginClicked(true); }, text: translate('menu_login')&quot; href=&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot;&amp;gt;Login&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Html for the button to make logout button visible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;nav-link sm-menu-item more nav-profile&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;img data-bind=&quot;attr: { 'src': avatarUrl }&quot; src=&quot;https://media.licdn.com/mpr/mpr/shrink_200_200/p/1/000/1c2/3a6/04b3e5c.jpg&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;ul class=&quot;submenu sm-submenu&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general concept I have used is to have these two action methods in the page object to login and logout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void Login()&#xA;{&#xA;    loginLogoutElementMakeVisible.Click();&#xA;    loginUsernameEntry.Clear();&#xA;    loginUsernameEntry.SendKeys(&quot;Username&quot;);&#xA;    loginPasswordEntry.Clear();&#xA;    loginPasswordEntry.SendKeys(&quot;Password&quot;);&#xA;    loginExecuteButton.Click(); //Now logging in&#xA;    Browser.WaitForPageReload() //Own code in Browser class see below (1)&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void Logout()&#xA;{&#xA;    loginLogoutElementMakeVisible.Click(); //Never clicked in test&#xA;    logoutExecuteButton.Click() //Now logging out&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;In Browser class (1) -&amp;gt;&#xA;public void WaitForPageReload()&#xA;{&#xA;    IWait&amp;lt;IWebDriver&amp;gt; wait = new OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI.WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30.00));&#xA;&#xA;    wait.Until(driver1 =&amp;gt; ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).Equals(&quot;complete&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried creating two separate fieldmember WebElements (e.g. one loginElementMakeVisible and one logoutElementMakeVisible) for the button to display the login and the logout button, but still having them in the same page object and thus initializing them at the same time (Thought this could work since pagefactory uses lazy loading)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried to have the logout button in another pageobject which is initialized after login in the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to make the pagefactory update its proxy to the loginLogoutElementMakeVisible so I can logout? Or am I still trying to logout before the page after logging has had a chance to load? Are there other problems which could explain why I cannot click the MakeVisible element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17811" LastEditorUserId="17811" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T06:37:56.097" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T09:49:12.117" Title="Element not clickable after login page reload with pagefactory" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18132" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-15T16:49:53.893" Score="3" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently been tasked with comparing our current release process with any existing compliance standards or other best practice standards to see what we are doing right, and what we might need to revisit.  My first thought is to examine ISO-9000 or SOX or CWE, but I really am not sure where to start. So my question for this community is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What Official Standards are there that govern, or speak to, a web-based software release process?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TIA!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17821" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T08:34:44.080" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T15:02:49.677" Title="What Standards are covered in the Release Process?" Tags="&lt;standards&gt;&lt;iso-9000&gt;&lt;sox&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18065" CreationDate="2016-04-15T19:09:31.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter provides a way to perform distributed testing. This comes in the&#xA;form of a master-slave setup. In this mode, there is a machine known as a master, which&#xA;controls a number of client machines (JMeter instances) known as slaves. This approach&#xA;has some benefits, including managing multiple JMeter instances remotely from the&#xA;master node, automatically collecting test results from all slave nodes and aggregating&#xA;them into a single report, and replicating test plans from the master node to slave nodes&#xA;without the need to copy them to each server. That said, it also has some drawbacks, with&#xA;the major one being the master quickly becoming a bottleneck as a result of collecting&#xA;information from slaves in real time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please refer this link for set up :&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17720" LastActivityDate="2016-04-15T19:09:31.057" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18134" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-16T01:18:11.593" Score="5" ViewCount="10953" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some experience as a manual tester and at my current work our regression testing takes about 2 days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am planning to start automating some of the test cases. I am looking at some of the free open-source tools available or cheap tools, I tried Sikuli but it only works for certain cases and most of the time it fails during object recognition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been suggested AutoIt and I am going to check that out too. I have some knowledge of Python so are there any tools which I can use for test automation of desktop application where I can use Python as a scripting language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other tool recommendation (preferably open source)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17828" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-04-16T17:06:27.707" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T16:19:54.813" Title="Python based test automation tools for desktop applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2016-04-16T06:14:21.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;POSTMAN is the defacto standard when it comes to REST API testing. Its pretty intutive GUI makes REST API testing pretty simple even for the novice testers.&#xA;The only  drawback for this tool is that you would have to do visual validation of your headers, response code, response body etc. There is no automated, batch type interface for creating batch tests. If you have complex verification of the response body, this would not be the right tool.&#xA;You may also also want to try &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sassoftware/unravl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/sassoftware/unravl&lt;/a&gt; that would give you a good framework for automated tests. &#xA;There are plenty of open source project such as RESTAssured, Jerzy etc and you can create a TestSuite. Preferably you can integrate your WebDriver suite along with the REST API Suite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1202" LastActivityDate="2016-04-16T06:14:21.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18136" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-16T19:19:46.300" Score="3" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I try to run my Android instrumented on Google Cloud Platform I get the error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Your test artifact is not an android artifact&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My app is a Widget and I wonder if that's the reason? It works fine when testing on real device through USB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Android Studio 2.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12723" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T02:11:30.707" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T02:11:30.707" Title="Instrumented testing of Android Widget fails" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18134" CreationDate="2016-04-17T07:12:50.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you client is developed in Java/Swing, you may want to try &lt;a href=&quot;https://marathontesting.com/downloads/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://marathontesting.com/downloads/&lt;/a&gt; . Is uses Python as a programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1202" LastActivityDate="2016-04-17T07:12:50.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18138" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18510" CreationDate="2016-04-18T05:03:01.560" Score="1" ViewCount="5208" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running a test plan with 8,000 concurrent users in a Distributed Environment(20 Slaves and One Master) on Jmeter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few (approx 20-30) requests are not getting any response for a long time (approx an hour). I waited for a long time to allow the pending requests to complete, but Jmeter threw an exception with &quot;Socket.timeout&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one help me in understanding what the problem is. Am I lagging somewhere to understand the possible reason?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17841" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-18T11:24:08.630" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T10:01:59.440" Title="Few requests in Jmeter does not get response from server, getting &quot;Socket.timeout&quot; exception" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;&lt;sockets&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18139" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-18T07:27:21.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In computer networking, a socket is an endpoint of a bidirectional inter-process communication flow across an Internet Protocol-based computer network, such as the Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An internet socket address is the combination of an IP address (the location of the computer) and a port (which is mapped to the application program process) into a single identity, much like one end of a telephone connection is the combination of a phone number and a particular extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example IPv4 socket appears as: &lt;code&gt;10.1.1.1:80&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example IPv6 socket appears as: &lt;code&gt;[fe80::1]:80&lt;/code&gt; (Note the brackets)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term is believed to have originated with the Berkeley Sockets API for Unix ca. 1983.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-18T16:10:10.457" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T16:10:10.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18140" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-18T07:27:21.283" Score="0" Body="Socket is an endpoint of a bidirectional inter-process communication flow. This often refers to a process flow over a network connection, but by no means is limited to such." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-18T16:10:02.737" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T16:10:02.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18141" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18411" CreationDate="2016-04-18T11:00:23.187" Score="-1" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;So... I have no idea why (well, probably Javascript) but here are the different issues with the code below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With a visibility/enabled wait, Selenium executes the Click() but it doesn't do anything on the page (scripts not yet loaded?). Or sometimes &lt;code&gt;ShouldBeClickable()&lt;/code&gt; even returns a &lt;code&gt;StaleElementException&lt;/code&gt; because the page is still loading.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With a &lt;code&gt;JQuery.Active == 0&lt;/code&gt; wait, I get the same result: it returns True immediately.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With a hard coded wait of 1 second, the page acts correctly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What other options do I have?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();&#xA;        sw.Start();&#xA;        IJavaScriptExecutor js = (IJavaScriptExecutor)Browser.Driver;&#xA;&#xA;        while (true)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(&quot;Loop!&quot;);&#xA;            if (sw.Elapsed.Seconds &amp;gt; 15) throw new Exception(&quot;Timeout&quot;);&#xA;            if ((bool)js.ExecuteScript(&quot;return jQuery.active == 0&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                // Final wait while initializing new elements&#xA;                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(&quot;Done!&quot;);&#xA;                //System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;                break;&#xA;            }&#xA;            //System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(200);&#xA;        }&#xA;        //System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;        btnNext.ShouldBeClickable();&#xA;        btnNext.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T06:12:41.773" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T06:12:41.773" Title="Selenium: any more ideas what to do when everything fails but Sleep?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18138" CreationDate="2016-04-18T11:04:10.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a network constraint over which you may not have any control. Do you know after what time you get this error?&#xA;You could play with Timeouts section on HTTP Request Sample and keep it higher than the time which causes timeout error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T11:04:10.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17981" CreationDate="2016-04-18T12:52:30.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follow this steps :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//h1[@class='abc']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;k&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${k}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storedVars['k'].substring(storedVars['k'].lastIndexOf('- ')+2,storedVars['k'].lastIndexOf(' of'))&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;x&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${x}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storedVars['k'].substring(storedVars['k'].lastIndexOf('of ')+2,storedVars['k'].lastIndexOf(' records'))&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;y&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${y}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I have used &lt;code&gt;//h1[@class='abc']&lt;/code&gt; element for taking its text. You can modify it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know If any queries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T12:52:30.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15965" CreationDate="2016-04-18T14:46:01.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1.Always start with Smoke testing it will helpful to determine your new software build is fit to go for next level of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Continue with Sanity testing it will helpful to covers the bugs which raised in smoke testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do Functional testing and regression testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T14:46:01.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18146" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-18T15:06:46.877" Score="8" ViewCount="35794" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Sikuli to automate a mainframe screen, I need to copy a text on screen and use that as input to another screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot find any option on the SIKULI IDE to do the copy function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, is it possible at all to copy text ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12126" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T11:03:22.990" LastActivityDate="2020-08-31T14:35:52.510" Title="How to extract a text from the screen using SIKULI?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18146" CreationDate="2016-04-18T15:25:20.957" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sikuli can extract text with OCR (optical character recognition) as described on this page: &lt;a href=&quot;http://doc.sikuli.org/region.html#Region.text&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://doc.sikuli.org/region.html#Region.text&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extracting Text from a Region class Region text() Extract the text&#xA;  contained in the region using OCR.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Returns:  the text as a string. Multiple lines of text are separated by&#xA;  intervening ‘n’. Note: Since this feature is still in an experimental&#xA;  state, be aware, that in some cases it might not work as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might need to enable it first like described here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19966942/ocr-in-sikuli-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19966942/ocr-in-sikuli-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also an alternative: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sarxos/sikuli-ocr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/sarxos/sikuli-ocr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T09:13:39.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18138" CreationDate="2016-04-18T17:49:51.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This might be because some of application requests are taking too long&#xA;  to execute, holding the application server’s threads busy, and not&#xA;  allowing the resources to be used by incoming requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try the running the test with 4000 concurrent users, then 6000 users and so on. Check at number of request you are getting this error.You must verify Apache logs or IIS logs and look for errors in the error and access logs.&#xA;Monitor CPU and memory utilization and try to find bottleneck and fine tune to obtain desired results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17720" LastEditorUserId="17720" LastEditDate="2016-04-18T18:02:04.470" LastActivityDate="2016-04-18T18:02:04.470" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18152" CreationDate="2016-04-19T05:21:56.610" Score="3" ViewCount="3429" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is Ramp-up time in Jmeter affects concurrency ? I have 100 Threads in thread group and Ramp up time as 20. Will these 100 threads concurrent if ramp-up time is 20 Seconds?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per theory, I have observed that Jmeter initiates thread after few seconds(depending on ramp up time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If ramp up time is greater than 1 second, can I assume that number of threads set into the thread group are not concurrent?? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17841" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T10:26:00.103" Title="I have 100 Threads in thread group and Ramp up time as 20. Will these 100 threads concurrent if ramp-up time is 20 Seconds?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;&lt;sockets&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18150" CreationDate="2016-04-19T06:07:07.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per your configuration, each thread(user) will start their action after 20/100 =0.2 seconds.&#xA;i.e. after first thread has initiated, second thread will start after 0.2 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to verify the same from Jmeter, on the top right corner threads are shown once you start the action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17852" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T06:07:07.390" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18150" CreationDate="2016-04-19T06:46:17.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;set ramp up time to zero to start all the thread at same time.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;difference in starting time between threads = Ramp up time/ no of threads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have ramp up time = 20 and no of threads = 100&#xA;then each thread with start with time gap of 0.2 (20/100) sec from previous thread&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17720" LastEditorUserId="17720" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T05:30:48.050" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T05:30:48.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7902" CreationDate="2016-04-19T06:52:43.240" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1 concurrent user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 ramup second / 20 thread = 0.25.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;every user starts action at the interval of 0.25 second&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17852" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T06:52:43.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18154" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18223" CreationDate="2016-04-19T06:53:47.270" Score="3" ViewCount="6001" Body="&lt;p&gt;What exactly does Guerilla Testing cover?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can be done in Guerilla Testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why is Guerilla Testing used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is Guerilla Testing especially for &lt;strong&gt;UX Design&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-30T12:27:07.787" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T12:27:07.787" Title="What is Guerilla testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18104" CreationDate="2016-04-19T07:02:59.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope this link provide perfect answer to you&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing/software_testing_methods.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing/software_testing_methods.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here they have explained about Black, White and Grey Box testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;White Box testers--&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Testers, test the Code of the Project, were this is mostly done on Unit Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black Box Testing--&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Testers do not have the Knowledge of the code. they test the project by comparing the Requirement Document&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T07:02:59.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18136" CreationDate="2016-04-19T07:10:11.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try the Emulators on Android Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Virtual devices can be created with different combinations, Screen Size and different android versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing with multiple platforms and different OS versions is very essential to check the compatibility of the Android Applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for testing the performance of Android Application you can try with testdroid, load Runner.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T07:10:11.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18154" CreationDate="2016-04-19T07:18:29.410" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;As of my reading-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guerrilla Testing&lt;/strong&gt; means going into a coffee shop or another public place to ask people there about your product or prototype. It can be conducted anywhere ex- cafe, library, train station etc, essentially anywhere where there is significant footfall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guerrilla testing works well to quickly validate how effective a design is on its intended audience, whether certain functionality works in the way it is supposed to, or even establishing whether a brand or proposition is clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach is quick and relatively easy to set up. Participants are not recruited but are ‘approached’ by those persons conducting the sessions. The sessions themselves are short, typically between 15-30 minutes and are loosely structured around specific key research objectives. The output is typically ‘qualitative’ so insight is often rich and detailed.&#xA;Anyone on the service team can conduct ‘guerrilla testing’ on their site or service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Guerrilla testing can be used throughout the service life cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T05:23:49.177" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T05:23:49.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18120" CreationDate="2016-04-19T07:44:10.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are asking for is a &lt;strong&gt;fault injection&lt;/strong&gt;. Unfortunatelly, you are not enough specific in what kind of error you want to reach and there is a lot of different states from bad blocks causing read-write errors to no rights or disconnected devices during the process, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer on another project will make you happy under Linux: &lt;a href=&quot;https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/144200/34745&quot;&gt;https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/144200/34745&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know anything like this under Windows. Surely something like this exist (with a side effects), so if there is enough for you to simulate network drive errors, you can use the Linux with Samba.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: There is a lot of professional tools described on Wikipedia article about fault injection. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_injection&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can search Internet on &quot;fault injection&quot; which suits you needs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:37:20.773" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T07:44:10.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-19T08:45:23.013" Score="3" ViewCount="2713" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to implement Cucumber in my current project with TestNG and I need to execute my script parallely on multiple browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is Parallel Testing possible in Cucumber? If Yes, Can any one help me any reference links or Code to perform Parallel Testing in Cucumber?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T08:42:45.007" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T08:42:45.007" Title="Is Parallel Testing possible in Cucumber with TestNG?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18134" CreationDate="2016-04-19T10:30:18.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't, really don't go this way even if it seems tempting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI automation seems like a low hanging fruit- for example with AutoIt you can automate things really quickly and have a proof of concept running in no time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the minute you'll hit something new, an environment change, OS popups, hardware change or heaven forbids an optional action you will see your code getting fatter, messier and unstable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to talk to your developers and build a test infrastructure using API calls to the level below the UI, and then just in case add a few manual and simple automated UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T10:30:18.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18163" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-19T11:11:01.227" Score="3" ViewCount="8131" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company has recently migrated to TFS and I'm using Microsoft Test Professional 2015 (MTM) for my test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created my test plan with requirement based suites to log my test cases against, but I'm struggling to see how I export the requirements and cases together. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had a look on SE but i'm unable to find a solution. I've also looked online for suggestions and I've come across a few tools such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://exporttfs2excel.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://exporttfs2excel.codeplex.com/&lt;/a&gt; but this only seems to work for older versions and won't connect to the TFS server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also tried using the team section on Excel but I'm only able to export my cases, but this is much help as they are not showing which requirement they relate to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone ran into this issue and found a workaround?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17858" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-19T11:51:10.773" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T10:13:07.890" Title="exporting test cases from TFS MTM to excel" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;excel&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18163" CreationDate="2016-04-19T11:57:33.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Team section on excel will allow you to connect to and export any TFS query you have access to. Queries will work against any TFS object that has a base type of Work Item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since a requirements-based test suite uses (in the Scrum template) Product Backlog Items and Defects to define requirements, you need to build a query in TFS that includes linked work items. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll want to start with the tree view, search for work item type of Any and filter that to work items with at least one child of type Test Case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I recall, Test Suites are also work items in TFS 2015, so you can use test suites as part of your filtering as well. The TFS query engine allows you to run the query as it stands, so you can keep testing it out until it shows you what you need, then save it with a descriptive name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there, connect to that query using the Excel Team menu, and you have your export.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T11:57:33.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17641" CreationDate="2016-04-19T15:56:26.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer is likely the problem.  It is easy to find out if a certificate has expired or does not match the host from which it was served, but hard to find out if the issuer of the certificate is untrusted.  Setting setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer to true means assume untrusted which is the opposite of what you want.  Try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;profile.setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer(false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T15:56:26.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18150" CreationDate="2016-04-19T18:19:44.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter acts as follows: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter starts defined number of threads during ramp-up period&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Threads start executing samplers upside down (or according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#logic_controllers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Logic Controllers&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When thread doesn't have any more samplers to execute or loops to iterate - it's being shut down&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if your test is short enough you may easily run into a situation when 1st thread has already finished its work and 20th thread hasn't been started yet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check your actual concurrency using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ActiveThreadsOverTime/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Active Threads Over Time Listener&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pyxXL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pyxXL.png&quot; alt=&quot;Active Threads Over Time&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Active Threads Over Time listener isn't shipped with JMeter, you'll need to install &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter plugins&lt;/a&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://%20Installing%20Plugins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Installing plugins&lt;/a&gt; article for instructions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Active Threads Over Time listener assumes JMeter is saving number of currently active threads. In order to trigger the saving add the following line to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (it's located in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.thread_counts=true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll need to restart JMeter to pick the property up. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt; for more information on JMeter properties and ways of working with them&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-19T18:19:44.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18154" CreationDate="2016-04-20T08:23:57.673" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;What is Guerrilla Testing:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a way to get some quick user feedback on your product or prototype. I can say its usability testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Guerrilla Testing Covers:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It covers an activity by which you need to conduct it where your audience are novice users and observe these -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Can they find the content?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is the language relevant to them?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Have they understood what they’ve read?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;What can be done in Guerrilla Testing?:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Venue&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where will you find your audience?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can they stop for 10 minutes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will you have internet access?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Devices&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which devices does your audience use?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you record from that device?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Practiced introduction&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who are you?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why are you there?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do you want from them?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Scenarios&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which user need are you testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What might create that need?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When has a user fulfilled that need?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;In conclusion&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pick a location where your audience is&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus your session on scenario based tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let participants decide success&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand what they’d do next&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Why Guerrilla Testing is Used:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is cheap simple and effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Is Guerrilla Testing Especially for UX Design?:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is for UX and UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T15:12:43.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18172" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18198" CreationDate="2016-04-20T09:08:28.300" Score="2" ViewCount="11069" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I use Constant Throughput Timer with the Ultimate Thread Group in JMeter for a simple Script which includes only &quot;Login&quot; Requests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests will be run in Non-GUI modes.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No assertions or Listeners will be used in the script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The total number of threads in the Ultimate Thread Group will be 250.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Total duration= 300 Seconds (Initial delay=10+ Startup Time=180+ Hold Load= 60+ Shutdown time= 50)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to control the Request per second that hits my web server using Constant Throughput Timer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T02:08:20.333" LastActivityDate="2018-12-12T06:54:17.550" Title="Jmeter: Constant throughput Timer with Ultimate Thread Group" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9732" CreationDate="2016-04-20T10:02:13.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no absolute defined methodology to track issues, communicate, etc. But you can see some samples that suit for your needs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issue Tracking: The very simple is by creating on a spreadsheet, just list one by one what's you need, and then review, review, and review again, until you satisfied. You can also ask someone who understand about what will be checks whether by technical or functionality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication: I think your requirement is related between &quot;Communicate&quot; and &quot;Define roles and responsibilities while communicating&quot;. So, just create a communication plan, put all needed roles, available PIC (can be person, division, etc). Then draw a flow that describe when there is an issue come so what they should do what you should do? You may put some hint such as balloon to describe a responsibilities and step number. Same as an issue tracking, just review, review, and review again (just manage your time to design, create, and review). It is good to draw on presentation form rather than a spreadsheet form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17883" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T10:02:13.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18175" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-20T10:12:11.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selendroid is a test automation framework which drives off the UI of Android native and hybrid applications (apps) and the mobile web. Tests are written using the Selenium 2 client API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T11:29:15.457" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T11:29:15.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18176" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-20T10:12:11.857" Score="0" Body="Automated Testing Framework for Android devices" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T11:29:09.003" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T11:29:09.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18177" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-20T10:15:47.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The physical device that users interact with using a display.&#xA;Users can interact by selecting (by keyboard, mouse, screen touching or other input devices) elements and actions to be performed.&#xA;Methods of user-centered design are used to ensure that the visual language introduced in the design is well-tailored to the tasks.&#xA;For more details&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt; click here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T06:18:31.897" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T06:18:31.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18178" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-20T10:15:47.707" Score="0" Body="Graphical User Interface&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;Designing the visual composition and temporal behavior of a GUI is an important part of software application programming in the area of human–computer interaction. Its goal is to enhance the efficiency and ease of use for the underlying logical design of a stored program, a design discipline named usability." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T06:18:34.877" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T06:18:34.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18179" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-20T10:16:35.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Learning&lt;/a&gt; is the act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing existing, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals, plants and some machines. Progress over time tends to follow a learning curve. Learning does not happen all at once, but it builds upon and is shaped by previous knowledge. To that end, learning may be viewed as a process, rather than a collection of factual and procedural knowledge. Learning produces changes in the organism and the changes produced are relatively permanent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Human learning may occur as part of education, personal development, schooling, or training. It may be goal-oriented and may be aided by motivation. The study of how learning occurs is part of educational psychology, neuropsychology, learning theory, and pedagogy. Learning may occur as a result of habituation or classical conditioning, seen in many animal species, or as a result of more complex activities such as play, seen only in relatively intelligent animals.Learning may occur consciously or without conscious awareness. Learning that an aversive event can't be avoided nor escaped is called learned helplessness. There is evidence for human behavioral learning prenatally, in which habituation has been observed as early as 32 weeks into gestation, indicating that the central nervous system is sufficiently developed and primed for learning and memory to occur very early on in development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T12:48:37.723" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T12:48:37.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18180" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-20T10:16:35.347" Score="0" Body="Learning is the act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing existing, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of testing skills." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T12:48:44.003" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T12:48:44.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18150" CreationDate="2016-04-20T10:26:00.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have 100 Threads in thread group and Ramp up time as 20, these 100 threads aren't concurrent. To maintain concurrency for 100 threads you have to use either loop counts or Durations (Scheduler in Thread Group).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may try with the &quot;Ultimate Thread Group&quot; (JMeter plugins) instead of only &quot;Thread group&quot;. To check this, you can use &quot;Active Threads Over Time&quot;(JMeter plugins) listeners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T10:26:00.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18184" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-20T11:39:56.737" Score="4" ViewCount="1847" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to hold a session for a certain period of time using JMeter?&#xA;While using &quot;Ultimate Thread Group&quot; it seems that it is holding the threads but in the mean time requests are flooding my server. I have used &quot;Constant Through Timer&quot; to control the flow of transactions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my script detail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-&amp;gt;Simple Login request.&#xA;&#xA;-&amp;gt; Ultimate Thread Group: Start Thread Count-100 -&amp;gt;Startup time-120 -&amp;gt;Hold load for-120  -&amp;gt;Shutdown Time-60&#xA;&#xA;-&amp;gt; Constant Throughput Timer- Target Throughput(1200/min).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the threads are up within 120 seconds and after that, this load will be hold for another 120 sec. So for this total 240 seconds login requests will be sent using different login credentials.My query is: Are all those logged in request hold in the server for that period of time? Are all those login sessions are active on the server for 120 users or threads?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17771" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T02:07:53.710" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T02:07:53.710" Title="JMeter: Holding Session for a certain period of time" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18185" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-20T11:41:46.647" Score="5" ViewCount="1157" Body="&lt;p&gt;So im working with a team on Oculus Rift and gear VR apps and I started looking into testing automation. I was wondering if anyone else started looking into testing automation for VR apps. Specifically GUI since I think that will be the main problem considering the input devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use Unity alongside Oculus sdk so far and we have looked into automating performance testing. Unity's profiler is a nice tool to check performance. We have some of our own checks in place. We need to automate them and much more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17884" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T13:18:59.517" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T10:12:04.367" Title="Automated GUI testing for virtual reality apps" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;vr&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18188" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18202" CreationDate="2016-04-20T12:46:54.787" Score="0" ViewCount="290" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the Security checks have to be performed while testing the Web Application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security Plays an very important role. as Web is an &lt;em&gt;POOL&lt;/em&gt; with lack of security we have to use our most of our effort to make our Application secure or to enhance the security of our application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;List our some of the security test for making our Application secure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T19:33:54.407" Title="Top 10 Web Application Security Checks" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-04-21T20:31:37.160" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18188" CreationDate="2016-04-20T12:46:54.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally, though, developers are more focused with the functional and visual output of their changes, and spend far less time on the security ramifications.  When they do focus on security, though, commonly the only things that come to mind are typical, like protecting against SQL injections or access control bugs, but a focus on security should cover far more than that.  When testing your web application, this list can give you a good place to start looking for vulnerabilities outside the normal areas.  And while this is nowhere near comprehensive, it will give you at least ten areas you should apply more focus on security to, if you do not already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Go through this link to check the list:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/top-10-web-security-checks-how-to-test-for-a-secure-website/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/top-10-web-security-checks-how-to-test-for-a-secure-website/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T12:46:54.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18192" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-20T13:07:51.233" Score="3" ViewCount="750" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Selenium Webdriver and I have a problem with a dropdown menu. I compiled my code but sometimes it returns the error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to find element with id == i_ACAD (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it executes the script normally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really do not know how to resolve this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A piece of my html code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li id = &quot;i_ACAD&quot; title=&quot;Register&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class =&quot;TemSub&quot; tabindex=&quot;25&quot;&amp;gt; Register &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id = &quot;i_MPG&quot; title=&quot;Menu Payment Profile&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA; &amp;lt;a class=&quot;TemSub&quot; tabindex=&quot;45&quot;&amp;gt; Payment Profile &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;frmmenusuperior&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement menu = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='i_ACAD']/a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;actions.moveToElement(menu).perform();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement submenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='i_MPPG']/a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Actions subactions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;subactions.moveToElement(submenu).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17888" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T11:25:59.730" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T06:17:49.843" Title="Problem with drop-down menu" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18193" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-20T13:16:19.607" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T13:16:19.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T13:16:19.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18194" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-20T13:16:19.607" Score="0" Body="Virtual reality (VR) is a computer technology that replicates an environment, real or imagined, and simulates a user's physical presence and environment in a way that allows the user to interact with it." OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T13:16:19.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T13:16:19.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18195" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18275" CreationDate="2016-04-20T13:39:46.370" Score="1" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MultiFilesIterator implements IMultiFilesMerger {&#xA;&#xA;    private RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile;&#xA;    private int currentFileIndex = 0;&#xA;    int filesCount;&#xA;&#xA;    @Inject&#xA;    @Singleton&#xA;    public MultiFilesIterator() {&#xA;        this.randomAccessFile = setRandomAccessFile(0);&#xA;        IFileUtils fileUtils = new FileUtils();&#xA;        this.filesCount = fileUtils.getCountOfSimilarNamedFilesFromDir(Constants.RT_UPDATE_INPUT_PATH);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @VisibleForTesting&#xA;    public MultiFilesIterator(IFileUtils fileUtils) {&#xA;        this.randomAccessFile = setRandomAccessFile(0);&#xA;        this.filesCount = fileUtils.getCountOfSimilarNamedFilesFromDir(Constants.RT_UPDATE_INPUT_PATH);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public String getNextLine() {&#xA;        String line;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            line = randomAccessFile.readLine();&#xA;        } catch (IOException ex) {&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;            throw new RuntimeException(ex);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        if (line == null) {&#xA;            currentFileIndex++;&#xA;            if (currentFileIndex &amp;lt; filesCount) {&#xA;                randomAccessFile = setRandomAccessFile(currentFileIndex);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        return line;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public String getFirstLine() {&#xA;        setRandomAccessFile(0);&#xA;        return getNextLine();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    private RandomAccessFile setRandomAccessFile(int i) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            return new RandomAccessFile(Constants.RT_UPDATE_INPUT_PATH + i, &quot;r&quot;);&#xA;        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        return null;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It abstracts few files with name &lt;code&gt;&quot;A0&quot;, &quot;A1&quot;&lt;/code&gt; .. with an iterator that iterate them all as if they were one big file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to test that given two files, the &lt;code&gt;getNxtLine()&lt;/code&gt; moves from A0 to A1 eventually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought to add a test ctor and send it a list of &lt;code&gt;RandomAccessFile mocks&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you abstract it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought to write an &lt;code&gt;inMemory&lt;/code&gt; implementation and test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MultiFilesIteratorInMemory implements IMultiFilesMerger {&#xA;&#xA;    private List&amp;lt;RandomAccessFile&amp;gt; randomAccessFiles;&#xA;    private RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile;&#xA;    private int currentFileIndex = 0;&#xA;    int filesCount;&#xA;&#xA;    @Inject&#xA;    @Singleton&#xA;    public MultiFilesIteratorInMemory(IFileUtils fileUtils, List&amp;lt;RandomAccessFile&amp;gt; randomAccessFiles) {&#xA;        this.randomAccessFiles = randomAccessFiles;&#xA;        this.randomAccessFile = setRandomAccessFile(0);&#xA;        this.filesCount = fileUtils.getCountOfSimilarNamedFilesFromDir(Constants.RT_UPDATE_INPUT_PATH);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public String getNextLine() {&#xA;        String line;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            line = randomAccessFile.readLine();&#xA;        } catch (IOException ex) {&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;            throw new RuntimeException(ex);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        if (line == null) {&#xA;            currentFileIndex++;&#xA;            if (currentFileIndex &amp;lt; filesCount) {&#xA;                randomAccessFile = setRandomAccessFile(currentFileIndex);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        return line;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public String getFirstLine() {&#xA;        setRandomAccessFile(0);&#xA;        return getNextLine();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    private RandomAccessFile setRandomAccessFile(int i) {&#xA;            return randomAccessFiles.get(i);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MultiFilesIteratorInMemoryTest {&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @After&#xA;    public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void getNextLine() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void timeFrameIsSplitIntoTwoFilesReturnAllRelevantRecords() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;        RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile1 = mock(RandomAccessFile.class);&#xA;        RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile2 = mock(RandomAccessFile.class);&#xA;        IFileUtils fileUtils = mock(IFileUtils.class);&#xA;&#xA;        when(randomAccessFile1.readLine()).thenReturn(&quot;first file content&quot;).thenReturn(null);&#xA;        when(randomAccessFile2.readLine()).thenReturn(&quot;second file content&quot;).thenReturn(null);&#xA;&#xA;        IMultiFilesMerger multiFilesMerger = new MultiFilesIteratorInMemory(fileUtils, ImmutableList.of(randomAccessFile1, randomAccessFile2));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but then I mock a concrete class. Why is this bad?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15455" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-20T15:41:12.693" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T13:38:28.203" Title="how to unit-test a MultiFiles iterator?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18184" CreationDate="2016-04-20T14:17:12.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That depends on how your system defines a login session.  Typically it is the server, not the client, that decides when a login session is over.  You need to figure out (or ask a developer to describe) the session lifecycle for your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T14:17:12.537" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18172" CreationDate="2016-04-20T14:39:45.363" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As far as I know, it doesn't matter which type of Thread group you are using with Constant Throughput timer&lt;/strong&gt;, at the end of the test in the results, you will get your desired Throughput which you mentioned in Constant Throughput Timer i.e. if you have mentioned &lt;strong&gt;1200/min&lt;/strong&gt; in Constant Throughput Timer with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Calculate Throughput based on&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; value as &lt;strong&gt;&quot;All active threads&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and there are 3 requests (samplers) in your thread group then JMeter will manage the requests in a way that it will generate only &lt;strong&gt;6.6 requests/sec&lt;/strong&gt; for each sampler i.e. 1200/min is divided among 3 requests, it doesn't matter whether you are using &lt;strong&gt;Ultimate Thread Group&lt;/strong&gt; or the &lt;strong&gt;Simple Thread Group&lt;/strong&gt;; Throughput timer works in same way for all types of thread groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case you have only 1 request as in your scenario then it will generate Throughput of &lt;strong&gt;20 request/sec&lt;/strong&gt; (sometimes 20.1) with Constant Throughput Timer value as 1200/min with &quot;All active threads&quot; and Timer added at the root of script. &lt;strong&gt;Do not select &quot;This thread only&quot; value for Timer added at root, as it will change the result.&lt;/strong&gt; Please refer this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for settings mentioned in Constant Throughput Timer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there is one more plugin called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ThroughputShapingTimer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Throughput Shaping Timer&lt;/a&gt;&quot; available for the same task as done as Constant Throughput Timer and users who have used it (I haven't used this plugin) says it is better than the Constant Throughput Timer (although I don't have any comparison between the two). This is just for your reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T14:39:45.363" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18134" CreationDate="2016-04-20T16:19:54.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pywinauto.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pywinauto&lt;/a&gt; might be useful for native C++ based desktop app automation. It uses mostly the same technolgies as AutoIt, but scripts are much more readable and maintainable because it's Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pywinauto/SWAPY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SWAPY&lt;/a&gt; is an object inspector for pywinauto written in Python as well. It has some half-manual code generation functionality if you're new to GUI automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another desktop automation tools brief overview (open source only): &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/16269/are-there-gui-test-tool-better-than-selenium/16273#16273&quot;&gt;Are there GUI test tool better than Selenium?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11848" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T16:19:54.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18172" CreationDate="2016-04-20T17:10:08.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Constant Throughput Timer can only &lt;strong&gt;pause&lt;/strong&gt; the threads to reach specified &quot;Target Throughput&quot; value so make sure you provide enough virtual users (threads) to generate desired &quot;requests per minute&quot; value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to use JMeter's Throughput Constant Timer&lt;/a&gt; guide for more information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T17:10:08.360" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18201" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-20T19:05:37.977" Score="3" ViewCount="3981" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get the items from a ListView so I can compare them with of expected results. The thing is that I can't figure out how to get those Elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm also the developer of the App, so I'm using the ID that I assigned to that element to identify it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code that I have right now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String playersListItem(int n){&#xA;    //waitElement(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;playersList&quot;)));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; players = driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;playersList&quot;));&#xA;    return players.get(n).getText();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm comparing &lt;code&gt;playersListItem(0)&lt;/code&gt; with &quot;Jones&quot; but the item in the position 0 is always blank. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is the reason of the fail that I get in the Assert:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;java.lang.AssertionError: expected [Jones] but found []&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16237" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T02:07:00.957" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T02:07:00.957" Title="Automation Java - Android - How to get items from a ListView?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18188" CreationDate="2016-04-20T19:33:54.407" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;10 security checks for any web application are as follows -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#1 SQL Injection&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#2 Broken authentication and session management&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Authentication and session management includes all aspects of handling user authentication and managing active sessions. Even solid authentication mechanisms can be undermined by flawed credential management functions, including password change, &quot;forgot my password&quot;, &quot;remember my password&quot;, account update, and other related functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex - if the user has a valid session id, in case an attacker has discovered a session where the original user has failed to log out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#3 Cross-site scripting&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in web applications. XSS enables attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users. A cross-site scripting vulnerability may be used by attackers to bypass access controls such as the same-origin policy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#4 Insecure direct object reference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A direct object reference is likely to occur when a developer exposes a reference to an internal implementation object, such as a file, directory, or database key without any validation mechanism which will allow attackers to manipulate these references to access unauthorized data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#5 Security Misconfiguration&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security Misconfiguration arises when Security settings are defined, implemented, and maintained as defaults.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is equally important to have the software up to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security misconfigurations are easy to exploit but there are a number of proactive ways to prevent them, including the following recommendations from industry experts :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a). Develop a repeatable process to reduce the surface of vulnerability&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b). Disable default accounts and change passwords&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c). Keep software up-to-date&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d). Develop a strong application architecture that effectively isolates components and encrypts data which is especially important with sensitive data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e). Disable any unnecessary files or features&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;f). Don’t present stack tracers to users&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;g). Ensure security settings in development frameworks and libraries are set to secure values&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;h)Run tools (i.e. automated scanners) and perform regular audits to identify holes in the security configuration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#6 Sensitive data exposure&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sensitive data leakage is a leading cause of embarrassment and data exploitation world-wide. This blog post will discuss number six on the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) top ten list, sensitive data exposure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QUES : How Does Sensitive Data Exposure Vulnerability Affect You?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ANS : Sensitive Data Exposure occupies the 7th spot in the list of OWASP Top 10 Web Application Vulnerabilities. It deals with the threats associated with the unauthorized handling of business sensitive information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#7 Missing function level access control&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;missing function level access control, occurring when a lower-level-access user is inadvertently allowed access to a part of a website restricted to higher-level access. Administrators who elect to &quot;hide&quot; functions instead of protecting their applications at the function level can create these vulnerabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#8 Cross-site request forgery&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cross-site request forgery (CSRF ) is a web application vulnerability that makes it possible for an attacker to force a user to unknowingly perform actions while they are logged into an application. Attackers commonly use CSRF attacks to target cloud storage, social media, banking, and online shopping sites because of the user information and actions available in those types of applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#9 Using components with known vulnerabilities&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No software package is perfect, and even though the organizations distributing these components work hard to make good products, they are aware that mistakes happen. When using external libraries in your project it’s important to keep in mind that you are bringing in good functionality and important features, but you are also opening the door for potential bugs and security vulnerabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A recent example of this is the remote-code execution with 'Expression Language injection' vulnerability that was recently introduced through the Spring Framework for Java. However, it is estimated that 29.8 million downloads contain the known vulnerability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#10 Invalidated redirects and forwards&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most Web applications on net frequently redirect and forward users to other pages or other external websites, however, without validating the credibility of those pages, hackers can redirect victims to phishing or malware sites, or use forwards to access unauthorized pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastActivityDate="2016-04-20T19:33:54.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18201" CreationDate="2016-04-21T00:19:49.620" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To get all the TextViews from a list you can do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;AndroidElement&amp;gt; textViews = ad.findElementsByClassName(&quot;android.widget.TextView&quot;);&#xA;            for (WebElement textView : textViews) {&#xA;                        return textView.getText();&#xA;                    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17894" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T00:19:49.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18216" CreationDate="2016-04-21T05:24:21.143" Score="2" ViewCount="6676" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am lagging behind to understand the concept of &lt;code&gt;dependsOnMethods&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;priority&lt;/code&gt;. I googled but I didn't get enough info about this. A one line answer will be greatly appreciated. &#xA;Can we write multiple methods with the same priority? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T06:18:57.900" LastActivityDate="2018-11-19T10:32:18.613" Title="What is the difference between Priority and Depends on Method in TestNG?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18192" CreationDate="2016-04-21T05:29:19.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check with different xpath &amp;amp; use implicitly wait instead of 'Thread.sleep'&#xA;-See below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;frmmenusuperior&quot;)));   &#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement menu = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//li[@id='i_ACAD']/a&quot;));&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);   &#xA;actions.moveToElement(menu).perform();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement submenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//li[@id='i_MPPG']/a&quot;));   &#xA;Actions subactions = new Actions(driver);   &#xA;subactions.moveToElement(submenu).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T05:29:19.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18163" CreationDate="2016-04-21T06:22:43.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use TFS API to develop application like that. It allows customize a lot of item in MTM and TFS which you can not do with MTM or TFS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12103" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T06:22:43.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17718" CreationDate="2016-04-21T06:43:03.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;load runner provides some feature for testing Native web and mobile applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we can select the VuGen Mobile protocol and in the Single and Multiple protocol we can choose the option like TruClient Mobile Web, TruClient Native Mobile options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After Selecting the Appropriate option we can navigate to the Script page. As usual we can generate the Scripts by recording the application by using Emulators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We should set the path of the Emulators by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-avd AVD_NAME -netspeed full -netdelay none&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here AVD is the Emulator name...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T06:43:03.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18209" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-21T07:09:22.037" Score="2" ViewCount="825" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am currently using jing software tool to take screenshot for bugs, can anyone let me know Is there any other tools in the market to take screenshot very effectively and quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T10:47:24.057" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T10:41:22.147" Title="Software tools for taking screenshots" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-21T20:28:52.400" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18209" CreationDate="2016-04-21T07:11:58.807" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Awesome screenshot. It has plugin for both chrome and firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/awesome-screenshot-screen/nlipoenfbbikpbjkfpfillcgkoblgpmj?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Click here for Awesome Screenshot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T11:21:08.377" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T11:21:08.377" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18209" CreationDate="2016-04-21T07:43:09.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are number of tools available in the market for Screen capture. You can download from following links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Greenshot:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PicPick: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ngwin.com/picpick/update?AVGAFFILIATE=11859&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://ngwin.com/picpick/update?AVGAFFILIATE=11859&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gadwin PrintScreen: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gadwin.com/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.gadwin.com/download/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jing : &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.techsmith.com/jing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.techsmith.com/jing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SnagIt: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.techsmith.com/snagit.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.techsmith.com/snagit.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T10:41:22.147" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T10:41:22.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18205" CreationDate="2016-04-21T08:40:39.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can write multiple methods with the same priority (quite similar to not use any priority - all methods has the same default priority).&#xA;About dependsOn annotation in a few words: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dependsOnMethods&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is no guarantee on the order on which the methods depended upon&#xA;  will be run, but you are guaranteed that all these methods will be run&#xA;  before the test method that contains this annotation is run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More complex answer you can find here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/36713748/4855333&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/36713748/4855333&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T08:40:39.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18205" CreationDate="2016-04-21T09:30:19.310" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, definitely we can write multiple methods with same priority but disadvantage of using this-There is no guarantee which method will run first,&#xA;So-&#xA;Instead of this,you can use &lt;strong&gt;'dependsOnGroups'&lt;/strong&gt; annotation from TestNG which you can easily perform stepwise operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(priority=1)&#xA; public void Login() &#xA;{ &#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;LogIn Test code.&quot;);&#xA;  Assert.assertTrue(5&amp;gt;6, &quot;Condition Is False.&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(priority=1, dependsOnMethods={&quot;Login&quot;}) &#xA;public void checkMail() &#xA;{ &#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;checkMail Test code.&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(priority=1,dependsOnMethods={&quot;Login&quot;,&quot;checkMail&quot;}) &#xA;public void LogOut() &#xA;{ &#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;LogOut Test code.&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;----------------------&#xA;Instead of this you can use -'dependsOnGroups' annotation.&#xA;&#xA;@Test(groups = { &quot;A&quot; })&#xA;   public void login() &#xA;  {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;PrintMessage()&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;&#xA;@Test(dependsOnGroups = { &quot;A&quot; }) &#xA;public void LogOut() &#xA;{ &#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;LogOut Test code.&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T09:51:25.800" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T09:51:25.800" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18217" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18222" CreationDate="2016-04-21T09:47:41.033" Score="2" ViewCount="2255" Body="&lt;p&gt;The application I am testing gives offline support as well to the Users. The Users can perform basic functionalities offline and when they have internet access, they can sync the changes to the server. How can I effectively test this offline functionality part?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T12:24:12.270" Title="How can I test offline functionality of an application?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18209" CreationDate="2016-04-21T09:57:51.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have here 2 free testing tools: &lt;strong&gt;Nimbus&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;HotShots&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see the Nimbus (&lt;a href=&quot;https://nimbus.everhelper.me/screenshot.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://nimbus.everhelper.me/screenshot.php&lt;/a&gt;) as a rising star of screenshot tools for testers. It enables some after-capture functionalities such as highlighting, frames, text comments etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nimbus:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/90M93.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/90M93.png&quot; alt=&quot;Nimbus screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is available as Chrome and Firefox addons, works on Android and runs on Windows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunatelly it is not distributed in Linux. In browsers I'm using Nimbus, as Nimbus is able to take whole content of the browser scrolling from the top down but for the Linux desktop I'm running HotShots (&lt;a href=&quot;http://thehive.xbee.net/index.php?module=pages&amp;amp;func=display&amp;amp;pageid=31&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://thehive.xbee.net/index.php?module=pages&amp;amp;func=display&amp;amp;pageid=31&lt;/a&gt;), which offers similar functionality for desktop systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HotShots&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aqKW8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aqKW8.png&quot; alt=&quot;Hotshots screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T11:21:21.030" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T11:21:21.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18217" CreationDate="2016-04-21T11:31:27.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is really very simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application is a desktop application, unplug your network cable and test as usual. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application is a mobile application, turn off wireless internet and phone data, then test as usual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application is a web application, unplug your network cable and test as usual.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should already know what functionality is supposed to be available offline, and how the application should respond when the connection is restored, so it's standard testing once you've disconnected your network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, every tester should know how to simulate network outages (unplug the cable, turn the wireless router off, whatever) and other conditions the application is supposed to handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T11:31:27.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13526" CreationDate="2016-04-21T11:50:57.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a solution that requires no browser profile with a client certificate preconfigured but rather test must provide the certificate. The downside is that it is based on &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt; Web browser implementation, not on Firefox or Chrome. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You just need to install version &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/commit/54a54dc0687a4b93562285d4f632dcafe2c7bf4f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.1.1 version&lt;/a&gt; or later. A client certificate can be provided with the following command-line parameters. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;--ssl-client-certificate-file&lt;/code&gt;: an absolute path of the client certificate file eventually containing a secret key.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;--ssl-client-key-file&lt;/code&gt;: an absolute path of a file containing just a secret key. Only needed in case of separate locations of certificate and key.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;--ssl-client-key-passphrase&lt;/code&gt;: a passphrase for the secret key.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preparing client certificates&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I followed the instructions &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/33569979/1218618&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to prepare certificate in a proper format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract cert for &lt;code&gt;--ssl-client-certificate-file&lt;/code&gt; parameter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;openssl pkcs12 -nokeys -clcerts -in cert.p12 -out src/test/resources/keys/cert.cer &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract key for &lt;code&gt;--ssl-client-key-file&lt;/code&gt; parameter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;openssl pkcs12 -nocerts  -in cert -out src/test/resources/keys/cert.key&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marrying with Selenium automated tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to use it with PhantomJSWebDriver (v1.2.1). which wraps PhantomJS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;capabilities.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;, true);&#xA;&#xA;ImmutableMap&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt; commandLineArguments = ImmutableMap.&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt;builder()&#xA;    .put(&quot;web-security&quot;, &quot;false&quot;)&#xA;    .put(&quot;ssl-protocol&quot;, &quot;any&quot;)&#xA;    .put(&quot;ignore-ssl-errors&quot;, &quot;true&quot;)&#xA;    .put(&quot;webdriver-loglevel&quot;, &quot;DEBUG&quot;);&#xA;    .put(&quot;ssl-client-certificate-file&quot;, clientCertificateAbsolutePath)&#xA;    .put(&quot;ssl-client-key-file&quot;, clientSecretKeyAbsolutePath)&#xA;    .put(&quot;ssl-client-key-passphrase&quot;, clientSecretKeyPasshphrase)&#xA;    .build();&#xA;&#xA;String[] params = commandLineArguments.entrySet().stream()&#xA;            .map(e -&amp;gt; String.format(&quot;--%s=%s&quot;, e.getKey(), e.getValue()))&#xA;            .collect(Collectors.toList())&#xA;            .toArray(new String[0]);&#xA;&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(PhantomJSDriverService.PHANTOMJS_CLI_ARGS, params);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new PhantomJSDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-06-07T11:46:54.047" LastActivityDate="2018-06-07T11:46:54.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16069" CreationDate="2016-04-21T11:52:05.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correlation especially done for the &lt;strong&gt;Sessions&lt;/strong&gt; and data like &lt;em&gt;username&lt;/em&gt; which changes frequently for making secure connection and data transmission .. try to find those data and correlate them alone. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you correlate other values problem would occur while passing the input parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to use the &lt;strong&gt;Auto Correlation&lt;/strong&gt; option &#xA;for selecting the Auto correlation follow these steps:&#xA;Recording Options--&gt; Configuration--&gt; Check Auto correlation options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T11:52:05.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18217" CreationDate="2016-04-21T11:59:12.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Switching between being online and offline to see if the transitions causes issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Switching between wireless and wired to see if any issues arise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intermittent availability - internet is available, then isn't then is.  How does the application perform?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can syncing be initiated manually?  What if the user is offline when syncing is requested?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Syncing being interrupted by going offline &lt;em&gt;again&lt;/em&gt; while in the middle of it, is the syncing able to resume once online once again?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extra low bandwidth, does the application perform or does it consider super slow to effectively be offline.  How long does it wait before being sure something is 'offline'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request a form while online.  Fill it out while online, then go offline and try to submit it.  What happens?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request a form while online.  Go offline.  Fill out the form correctly (ajax will not be available). Then try to submit the form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request a form while online.  Go offline.  Fill out the form with some errors, e.g. invalid data or required fields not entered (ajax will not be available). Then try to submit the form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request a form while online.  Go offline.  Fill out the form (ajax will not be available). Then go online and try to submit the form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to turn off your internet using your desktop.  No need to unplug cables which might be hard to reach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wired: For example on a mac you would go here and use off&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8ds7w.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8ds7w.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wireless: On a mac you would use Wi-Fi: Off&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sw7YL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sw7YL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar option should exist in most Operating System Desktops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T12:12:20.023" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T12:12:20.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18154" CreationDate="2016-04-21T12:05:23.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;## Answer 1 ##&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When talking about user testing in the UX circles, there’s formal user testing, and then there’s guerilla testing. Formal user testing is the subject of many research papers and studies, but there is relatively little guideline on how guerilla testing should be conducted. Although many UX purists frown on the practice, guerilla testing has become a useful tool for the everyday UX practitioner. Whether they be struggling with tight UX budgets or looming project deadlines, guerilla testing can help fast track the research and testing phases of their UX design cycle. In fact some UX practitioners might even refer to the practice as the art of guerilla testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In essence, guerilla testing is user research done using a lean and agile approach. While this means making the user testing simple, short and relatively flexible, it doesn’t mean going about this in a totally unstructured, undocumented and unplanned fashion. What formal testing tries to avoid by not conducting research and testing in a haphazard manner is the risk of introducing potentially costly design changes that may not lead to any benefits to the end user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet, the danger of guerilla testing comes from poorly planned and executed tests that are not reliable, consistent or meaningful. In this post, we’ll explore some pitfalls of guerilla testing “in the wild,” a few tactics to avoid or minimize the methodology’s weaknesses and tips to improve planning for all research and testing.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.loop11.com/the-importance-of-planning-in-guerilla-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Describes What is Guerrilla Testing&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  ## Answer 2 ##&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fast and vicious attack on the program. A form of exploratory testing that is usually time-boxed and done by an experienced exploratory tester. For example, a senior tester might spend a day testing an area that will otherwise be ignored. She tries out her most powerful attacks. If she finds significant problems, the area will be re budgeted, and the overall test plan might be affected. If she finds no significant problems, the area will hereinafter be ignored or only lightly tested&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hints for Guerilla Testing &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/10-hints-for-carrying-out-better-guerrilla-usability-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/10-hints-for-carrying-out-better-guerrilla-usability-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guerilla Usability Testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/the-art-of-guerrilla-usability-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/the-art-of-guerrilla-usability-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastEditorUserId="17409" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T12:34:42.633" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T12:34:42.633" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18897" CreationDate="2016-04-21T12:20:22.617" Score="4" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;How credible is testing performed with PhantomJS WebDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are types and examples of bugs that can be found with Chrome or Safari that cannot be found with PhantomJS?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt; is a scripted, headless browser used for automating web page interaction. According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhantomJS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, it is based on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebKit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebKit&lt;/a&gt; making it a similar browsing environment to Safari and Google Chrome (before Chrome's fork of WebKit evolved into Blink). I used PhantomJS for test automation with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GhostDriver&lt;/a&gt;, a Java binding for the PhantomJS WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't mean usability problems or visual design problems with PhantomJS but rather problems related to JavaScript, following HTTP flow, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T07:07:43.657" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T03:33:12.550" Title="What bugs cannot be found with PhantomJS?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18217" CreationDate="2016-04-21T12:24:12.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check with online &amp;amp; off line to identify the different behavior of your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are checking security application like banking or any login page in mobile, make some distraction to phone calls to identify the behavior of your application in office while submitting the form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check with valid &amp;amp; invalid data in the forms for error messages and network connection lost message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T12:24:12.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18226" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18228" CreationDate="2016-04-21T12:29:08.090" Score="6" ViewCount="25264" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose the product/application has to deliver to the client at 5.00 P.M, at that time you or your team member caught a high Severity defect at 3.00 P.M (Remember the defect is high severity), but the client won't wait for a long. You have to deliver the product at 5.00 P.M exactly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, what is the procedure you follow as a QA in this situation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T15:25:07.427" LastActivityDate="2019-03-10T16:31:34.073" Title="How to handle client if you found a high severity defect on the release date?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18226" CreationDate="2016-04-21T12:46:09.427" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a simple, if uncomfortable, situation to be in.  Unfortunately, it does happen from time to time and you need to be ready for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that the defect has been found close to the deadline is, in the short term, irrelevant.  Your team has found a high severity defect, so you report it.  Given the short timescales, you ensure that everyone who needs to know about it knows about it, so they have the information they need to determine -their- best course of action as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must -absolutely- not ever hold off from reporting an issue, at least to your local management structure.  That would, at the very least, ruin the reputation of your team and could potentially have much more serious consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next thing to do is to determine the answer to the obvious question: &quot;Why was this found so late?&quot;.   There are many reasons why this situation could arise - your test preparation could've been too light, you could've mis-prioritised some work, there may simply have been too much to do.  As a member of the test team, you need to know what caused the issue and therefore how you can reduce the risk of it happening again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, we don't live in a perfect world and it's possible that no action may be taken to resolve the defect before release.  It's entirely possible that it makes more sense to go live with a bug and then release a quick fix, than to decide not to release at all.  That's a different discussion, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For what it's worth, this has happened to me a couple of times over the past dozen or so years.  It's a horrible feeling but as long as you've done your best, there's nothing more you can do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T12:46:09.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17951" CreationDate="2016-04-21T12:47:35.500" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is also called as-  &quot;&lt;strong&gt;network penetration testing&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; or “&lt;strong&gt;security testing&lt;/strong&gt;”.&#xA;It’s the process to identify security vulnerabilities in an application by evaluating the system or network with various malicious techniques. Purpose of this test is to secure important data from outsiders like hackers who can have unauthorized access to system. Once vulnerability is identified it is used to exploit system in order to gain access to sensitive information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Causes of vulnerabilities:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design and development errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Poor system configuration &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Human errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why need of Penetration testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Financial data must be secured while transferring between different systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Many clients are asking for pen testing as part of the software&#xA;release cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To secure user data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To find security vulnerabilities in an application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Examples of Penetration testing tools:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nmap, Nessus, Metasploit, Wireshark, OpenSSL, Cain &amp;amp; Abel, THC Hydra, w3af..etc&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:29:45.097" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:29:45.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18230" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-21T12:51:37.183" Score="0" ViewCount="3178" Body="&lt;p&gt;Research Scope in &lt;strong&gt;Software Quality Assurance&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not know from where I have to find latest challenges in SQA or scope where is now SQA and where was it is? Is there any suggestion that how can I find good topics in SQA field which is hot now a days. From where I have to start to find the latest or future work about SQA. I hear about &lt;a href=&quot;http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IEEE Xplore Digital Library&lt;/a&gt; but it is not free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your positive response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17910" LastEditorUserId="17910" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T12:45:42.993" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T12:45:42.993" Title="Latest Research Topics in Software Quality Assurance" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-22T10:46:01.113" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18209" CreationDate="2016-04-21T13:15:36.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fiastarta.com/PrtScr/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PrtScr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is quick, and simple...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets you take a full screen screenshot, or draw the area you want...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also lets you draw with a red line &quot;pen&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can save the image where you want, or save it on desktop, or simply copy the image to clipboard...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KmIAu.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KmIAu.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try it...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17912" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T13:15:36.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-21T13:30:20.513" Score="3" ViewCount="14496" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried search online about sample test case document for API testing,but didn't get any result&#xA;Note: i already know about normal test case template&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15597" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T04:04:58.960" Title="Is there any template of test case document for API testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18226" CreationDate="2016-04-21T15:13:15.577" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Deciding to release with severe bug (and escalate next release with a fix) or postpone release is &lt;strong&gt;business&lt;/strong&gt; decision. It can be done only by someone who understands how customer works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it is not a big deal at the end, and you can go on with the release (and inform customers what bug is, and find workaround until bug is fixed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe system is not safe to use until bug is fixed, and release has to be postponed. Which might incur penalties, and only business managers know about the exact wording of the contract and possible penalties. Again, business decides, based on all the information which QA and developers can provide (including estimated time to fix it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA cannot &quot;assure&quot; quality. QA can &quot;assist&quot; business side with information about quality and process. Business decides what is best allocation of resources: more development, or more testing, or more management and control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In situation like yours, you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;escalate, informing management quickly about found defect (it is their job to understand client priorities and negotiate with the customer)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make a post-mortem analysis to find out a root cause why such severe defect was found at such late time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;improve your process so root cause is eliminated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T13:49:30.670" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T13:49:30.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18235" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-04-21T15:38:57.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;computer file&lt;/a&gt; is a block of arbitrary information, or resource for storing information, which is available to a computer program and is usually based on some kind of durable storage. A file is durable in the sense that it remains available for programs to use after the current program has finished. Computer files can be considered as the modern counterpart of paper documents which traditionally are kept in offices' and libraries' files, and this is the source of the term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In modern computer architectures, files are organized in a tree structure. On the top, you have a root like C:\ in Windows Systems. There are several subfolders(inner nodes) below the root, e.g. Programm Files or Users. The computer files, which contain all data are the leafs of that tree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/unix&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;unix&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;unix&lt;/a&gt; based systems, many types of system information are also represented as files, in filesystems such as sysfs and devfs, even though they don't represent information on a durable storage medium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;References&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;File definition on wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T17:18:30.540" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T17:18:30.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18236" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-04-21T15:38:57.463" Score="0" Body="File is a block of arbitrary information, or resource for storing information, accessible by the string-based name or path. Files are available to computer programs and are usually based on some kind of persistent storage. " OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-04-21T17:18:36.790" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T17:18:36.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18226" CreationDate="2016-04-21T16:10:26.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no magical answer for this.  Your options include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hide the bug and hope that the customer does not find it before you can deliver a fix.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delay the delivery until the bug is fixed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk to the customer about the bug and let them decide how they want to proceed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The choice depends on your circumstances, and no one here knows those as well as you do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find that situation unmanageable, I recommend quitting your job and finding work at a company where the ship date does not depend on the customer expectations, or even better, a company that sells a service instead of selling software.  When your own company is the only consumer of your software, you can make these kinds of decisions in a more reasonable way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-04-21T16:10:26.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22533" CreationDate="2016-04-21T16:33:39.813" Score="1" ViewCount="4348" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am researching a proof of concept for the automation tool Sikuli, and I work primarily at a .NET shop. I see a lot of videos using this product with Java and Eclipse. My question is simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does this product work as well on microsoft products? or at all with&#xA;  .NET?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it does, are there any good starting point tutorials? so I can start to familiarize myself with it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T18:28:55.247" Title="Sikuli and it's effectiveness with .NET" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;.net&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18230" CreationDate="2016-04-21T17:32:41.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing usually falls to a tester/ test engineer, the designing and maintenance of test cases, writing necessary testing code and all the meta-work usually falls to a team lead such as an SQA engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To help build a software quality assurance and testing toolbox, here is a list of tips, tools, tutorials, blogs, services, and miscellaneous other resources -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Blogs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://googletesting.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://googletesting.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gojko.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://gojko.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletesting.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://agiletesting.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/news/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ministryoftesting.com/news/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qablog.practitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://qablog.practitest.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FAQs &amp;amp; Tips&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwareqatest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwareqatest.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stickyminds.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.stickyminds.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agiledata.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.agiledata.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qatutor.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.qatutor.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://apps.testinsane.com/mindmaps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://apps.testinsane.com/mindmaps/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This site as well : &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Web and Mobile Testing Tips &amp;amp; Techniques&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mobileqazone.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.mobileqazone.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testdroid.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testdroid.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.belatrixsf.com/index.php/whitepaper-mobile-testing-best-practices-m&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.belatrixsf.com/index.php/whitepaper-mobile-testing-best-practices-m&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://x-mirage.com/x-mirage/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://x-mirage.com/x-mirage/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/mo-bestdevops-mobileapps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/mo-bestdevops-mobileapps/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;more&lt;/strong&gt; details please refer this link : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.computersciencezone.org/software-quality-assurance/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.computersciencezone.org/software-quality-assurance/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also refer this link : &lt;a href=&quot;http://soft.vub.ac.be/~cderoove/software_quality/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://soft.vub.ac.be/~cderoove/software_quality/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T11:06:02.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18240" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-21T17:58:04.737" Score="2" ViewCount="6495" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LqiIq.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LqiIq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HHEFb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HHEFb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to group test cases for filters in Grid? There are few filters options: dx popup with ranges and dx filters menu with list of parameters.&#xA;How to do this on high level instead of describe every column and every filter option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14586" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T11:42:52.340" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T15:48:24.643" Title="How to write good test cases for filters in Grid?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18154" CreationDate="2016-04-21T18:03:41.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gorilla Testing is a testing technique in which testers or developers also join to  testers to test a particular module thoroughly in all aspects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gorilla Testing is a  technique in which repetitive Manual Testing process, which a tester would have done several times before, is done again to test the robustness of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, one module of the program is tested over and over again to ensure that it is working properly and  that there are no bugs in module. The module can be tested over a hundred times, and with the same process. Hence, the testing process includes the tester running the same code over and over again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17919" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T13:34:18.717" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T13:34:18.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18243" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-21T19:21:07.187" Score="1" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following pseudo-code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;begin &#xA;x:= 0; &#xA;y:= 1; &#xA;z:= 1; &#xA;while y &amp;lt;= n do &#xA;x:= x+1; &#xA;z:= z+2; &#xA;y:= y+z; &#xA;od &#xA;sqrt := x; &#xA;end &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I prove the partial correctness of the above code with respect to the following predicates: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Pre: {n&amp;gt;=0} &#xA;&#xA;Post: {sqrt2 &amp;lt;= n and n &amp;lt; (sqrt+1)2 &#xA;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{Pre} &#xA;begin &#xA;x:= 0; &#xA;y:= 1; &#xA;z:= 1; &#xA;while y &amp;lt;= n do &#xA;x:= x+1; &#xA;z:= z+2; &#xA;y:= y+z; &#xA;od &#xA;sqrt := x; &#xA;end &#xA;{Post}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17921" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T02:05:31.603" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T02:05:31.603" Title="How to prove partial correctness?" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-22T10:45:31.000" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18838" CreationDate="2016-04-22T05:39:48.827" Score="7" ViewCount="4662" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to set a cookie programmatically and PhantomJSDriver rejects that cookie even if cookie belongs to the current domain. The error message is very generic not revealing much details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.UnableToSetCookieException: {&quot;errorMessage&quot;:&quot;Unable to set Cookie&quot;,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same command works with FirefoxDriver and ChromeDriver (see test cases to reproduce below). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there some workaround or fix for that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I troubleshoot the problem better, e.g., get more informations about rejection reason from PhantomJS?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using PhantomJSDirver 1.2.1 with phantomjs 2.2.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidCookieDomainException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.phantomjs.PhantomJSDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.function.Supplier;&#xA;&#xA;import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;&#xA;import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;&#xA;import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.startsWith;&#xA;&#xA;public class CookiesTest {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;webDrivers&quot;)&#xA;    public void shouldAcceptCookieForCurrentDomain(String type, Supplier&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; drivers) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = drivers.get();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.bbc.com&quot;);&#xA;        assertThat(driver.getCurrentUrl(), startsWith(&quot;http://www.bbc.com&quot;));&#xA;        driver.manage().addCookie(&#xA;                new Cookie.Builder(&quot;MYCOOKIE&quot;, &quot;value&quot;).domain(&quot;www.bbc.com&quot;).build());&#xA;        assertThat(driver.manage().getCookieNamed(&quot;MYCOOKIE&quot;).getValue(), equalTo(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;webDrivers&quot;, expectedExceptions = InvalidCookieDomainException.class)&#xA;    public void shouldRejectedCookieForDifferentDomain(String type, Supplier&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; drivers) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = drivers.get();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.bbc.com&quot;);&#xA;        assertThat(driver.getCurrentUrl(), startsWith(&quot;http://www.bbc.com&quot;));&#xA;        driver.manage().addCookie(&#xA;                new Cookie.Builder(&quot;MYCOOKIE&quot;, &quot;value&quot;).domain(&quot;different.domain.com&quot;).build());&#xA;&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @DataProvider&#xA;    public Object[][] webDrivers() {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/Users/mgawinec/dev-tools/chromedriver/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Supplier&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; phantomJSDrivers = () -&amp;gt; new PhantomJSDriver();&#xA;        Supplier&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; firefoxDrivers = () -&amp;gt; new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        Supplier&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; chromeDrivers = () -&amp;gt; new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        return new Object[][]{&#xA;                {&quot;phantomJS&quot;, phantomJSDrivers},&#xA;                {&quot;firefox&quot;, firefoxDrivers},&#xA;                {&quot;chrome&quot;, chromeDrivers}};&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T07:07:20.763" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T21:46:01.653" Title="PhantomsJS rejects cookies set programmatically" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18246" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-22T06:16:30.367" Score="0" ViewCount="333" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to take logs of the production server and them in Jmeter to replicate real life traffic that is received on the production environment. So that I'll not be making any assumptions while running the Jmeter script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T16:55:22.620" Title="How can I retrieve Apache’s requests log of my production server and put that in Jmeter to simulate production traffic?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18226" CreationDate="2016-04-22T06:23:04.947" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The bug is high severity only so we send the application to the client and find out the severity is priority or not. If its priority then we ask him to wait.&#xA;  Here we found defects/bugs in the last minute of the delivery or release date-&#xA;  Then we have two options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explain the situation to client and ask some more time to fix the bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the client is not ready to give some time then analyse the impact of defect/bug and try to find workarounds for the defect and mention these issues in the release notes as known issues or known limitations or known bugs. Here the workaround means remedy process to be followed to overcome the defect effect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Normally this known issues or known limitations (defects) will be fixed in next version or next release of the software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T04:54:45.557" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T04:54:45.557" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-04-22T06:23:04.947" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18248" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18260" CreationDate="2016-04-22T06:26:28.517" Score="4" ViewCount="2069" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between testing a website on the same server acting as client running JMeter test and testing a website which is on a different server? Which is the best way to test? And why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T11:06:51.887" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:45:54.663" Title="Why does it matter whether JMeter runs on the same machine as the website?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18232" CreationDate="2016-04-22T08:59:38.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;API Test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer below URL. It'll useful for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/integrate/api/test/cases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/integrate/api/test/cases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15760" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T04:04:58.960" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T04:04:58.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18248" CreationDate="2016-04-22T09:14:26.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The second one is the only way. It is strictly recommended that you do not run a JMeter test from a server where you already have the application installed which has to be tested. Jmeter test consumes a huge memory resource from server or machine. So if you have JMeter &amp;amp; the application to be tested on the same server, you can't expect to have accurate result from JMeter. It would be either bogus or false results. If you run JMeter test on that way it would be a worthless attempt. Why would you do that anyway!!!&#xA;Try to make your test server have only that Application running which has to be tested. Make it as much isolated as possible. In this way, you would have a reliable test result. For more reliable tests using JMeter, follow the &quot;Best Practices&quot; from Apache JMeter documentation. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17771" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T07:47:12.283" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T07:47:12.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18252" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-22T09:31:12.103" Score="3" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in the process of creating some BDD tests using Java, Cucumber &amp;amp; Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I am having is the website I am attempting to test has been specifically designed to work with firefox and I have been asked to test it only on this browser. When I navigate to the page, firefox creates a popup asking for permission to store data on the computer for offline use. (See picture below) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j2eBD.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j2eBD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;FireFox alert&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am struggling to get selenium to recognise this alert and accept it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So far I have attempted and failed at the following:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have attempted to access the popup by attempting to access the&#xA;window alert – this hasn’t worked and I had a null pointer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have also attempted capturing the preferences of the Firefox profile on my personal machine (after allowing the website to store information) and copy them into a profile within the selenium code. This also hasn’t worked. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have also attempted creating an empty profile with just&#xA;this preference set:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;network.online&quot;, false);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is the web page will not load any of its data till you accept this message. So any code I have created that tests the site always fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone else ever come across this issue before and if so how did you solve the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium-Server 2.53.0 on windows 7 with java 7&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17932" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T13:59:15.260" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T13:40:28.110" Title="How to Allow Firefox Offline Storage using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16254" CreationDate="2016-04-22T11:27:22.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can run the jsp page in all nodes because that jsp page is deployed to server so from any system you can access that jsp page.There is no connection with selenium grid here.Even your hub and tomcat server need not to be in same machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T11:27:22.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18248" CreationDate="2016-04-22T12:31:22.087" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer In Short&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Strictly Recommended Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Execute JMeter Scripts on remote server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reason:&lt;/strong&gt; JMeter use huge memory which affects the performance of machine, hence executing JMeter script on same server will generate the false report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T08:00:13.810" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T08:00:13.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18248" CreationDate="2016-04-22T15:50:08.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;That depends on how you use JMeter.  The tool was originally designed for performance testing.  If you run JMeter on the same machine as your application, your application may run slower or encounter other resource contention issues compared to running JMeter on a different machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, some people use JMeter for functional testing.  For that use case, running JMeter and the application on the same machine is probably fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(As an aside, I do not recommend using JMeter for functional testing.  That's not its design center and there are better tools for the job.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T03:02:24.353" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T03:02:24.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3831" CreationDate="2016-04-22T16:18:21.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Exploratory testing&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What each person is doing sounds like exploratory testing.  In other words folks in your company use their domain knowledge to test the front end.  I do not believe there is a formal term for the multi-threaded aspect of testing that it covers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could call it exploratory load testing or manual volume testing.  The fact that you are finding so much value in what people just discover in the app, functionality-wise would tend to lead me to just use the term Exploratory Testing to cover both areas (&quot;exploring functionality and exploring volume).  One could use exploratory volume testing but that leaves out one part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T16:18:21.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18248" CreationDate="2016-04-22T16:20:39.287" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To avoid mutual interference it is &lt;strong&gt;much&lt;/strong&gt; better to run JMeter and Application Under Test on different hosts. Theoretically you can have them on same machine but results won't be reliable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load Testing is not only about getting main metrics and KPIs like response time, transactions per second, throughput, etc. - a lot of other information needs to be considered during test results analysis to get to the bottom of the performance issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, you are not happy with average response time. The reasons of application slowness could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;running out of CPU/RAM/Network or Disk IO. That's why you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;shouldn't have JMeter running on the same host&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;should consider &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&quot;&gt;monitoring application under test health&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;bad&quot; application/web/database server configuration. All these components (including JMeter by the way) come with very low default values which are fine for development and/or debugging but definitely not enough for load testing or production. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;network issues. If you observe high &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/connect_time.html&quot;&gt;Connect&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/L/latency.html&quot;&gt;Latency&lt;/a&gt; values - network is a bottleneck. You will never see it having JMeter and application under test deployed at the same machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;application under test poor code quality. In that case you'll need to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiling_(computer_programming)&quot;&gt;profiling tool&lt;/a&gt; to identify the most &quot;hungry&quot; application parts and flag them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T16:20:39.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18246" CreationDate="2016-04-22T16:32:27.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what &quot;server&quot; you're running. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're lucky enough to have your application running on &lt;a href=&quot;http://tomcat.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache Tomcat&lt;/a&gt; you will be able to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Access_Log_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Access Log Sampler&lt;/a&gt; which comes with JMeter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not - there is still an option to parse your log with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#BeanShell_PreProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell PreProcessor&lt;/a&gt; and change &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; parameters on the fly. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/stop-making-assumptions-learn-how-replay-your-production-traffic-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Stop Making Assumptions! Learn How to Replay Your Production Traffic With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for example configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you won't be able to perform relevant JMeter setup update your question with a log part containing few requests so we could take a look&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T16:32:27.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18265" CreationDate="2016-04-22T18:18:31.647" Score="2" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing functionality that allows different users to exchange comments in real-time i.e. every user receives updates on all the events (comment added, comment deleted, total number of comments updated etc) without refreshing the page - something similar to FB comments posting.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some fresh ideas for test scenarios. &#xA;I checked basic scenarios of posting/deleting comments.&#xA;I checked scenario when one user deletes comments and one user adds comments&#xA;I checked connectivity issues (to see what happens when a user loses and restores his connection).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a bit new to testing this kind of systems, so I will really appreciate if you guys could help me out with some ideas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17945" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T02:04:03.347" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T02:04:03.347" Title="Test ideas for a real-time comment system" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-29T14:25:17.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-22T18:35:45.353" Score="1" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to manually test a web app. We're using AWS servers. Security is set so that I must be on the company's local network or VPN. I am exploring Device Farm for testing mobile devices. I launched a remote Galaxy S5 (Verizon) device and tried accessing the site using Chrome. It didn't work and I wasn't able to quickly figure out how to connect to my local network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16345" LastActivityDate="2018-03-08T15:11:25.403" Title="How do I connect a device from AWS Device Farm to my local network?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17264" CreationDate="2016-04-22T18:38:51.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solved !&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The workaround for your problem is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Tools/Options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unselect &quot;View results when run session ends&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unselect &quot;HTML Report&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &quot;Run Results Viewer Report&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click OK.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can now view your reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17946" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T18:38:51.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18262" CreationDate="2016-04-22T21:44:09.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test low bandwidth as well as none.  Chrome has an option to emulate slower connections.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing posting empty comments and large comments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test posting comments with special characters including letters with inflections&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test posting comments as a sql injection attack&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check if a comment can be posted twice or if it considered a dupe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test on different devices.  Use emulators and services for different devices and browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test being logged in with two browsers at the same time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test 4 or 5 posts being done withon one second&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test posting 2000 message by User A while User B is offline then User B goes online&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-04-22T21:49:23.580" LastActivityDate="2016-04-22T21:49:23.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18269" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-23T21:27:56.347" Score="0" ViewCount="5721" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cannot get a text value from a numeric cell while reading numeric data from an xlsx file in apache poi excel read, the following is the code snippet to read data from excel I've mix of columns containing string &amp;amp; numeric data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String getData(int sheetIndex, int rowNum, int colNum)&#xA;{&#xA;    String data;&#xA;    data = sheet1.getRow(rowNum).getCell(colNum).getStringCellValue().toString();&#xA;    return data;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T02:03:24.257" LastActivityDate="2018-06-08T07:03:24.247" Title="Cannot get a text value from a numeric cell" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18270" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-24T02:14:01.557" Score="1" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;When two activities run concurrently, we say there is potential interference if there is some shared data that is accessed by both activities, and where at least one of the activities can modify this data. Some say “We only need to prevent concurrency in cases where the concurrent activities can both modify some shared data.” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is this view is incorrect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17954" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T13:28:35.057" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T04:03:48.160" Title="When two activities run concurrently" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18270" CreationDate="2016-04-24T03:10:21.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consistency.  Suppose two pieces of data need to be mutually consistent.  If the update activity changes those two pieces of data in a non-atomic way, it is possible that the reading activity will read the data when only one piece has been updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T03:10:21.243" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18269" CreationDate="2016-04-24T05:33:01.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope this line of code helps you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public String xls2text(InputStream in )throws Exception{  HSSFWorkbook excelWb = new HSSFWorkbook(in);&#xA;    StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(8192);&#xA;    int numberOfSheets = excelWb.getNumberOfSheets();&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; numberOfSheets; i++) {&#xA;        HSSFSheet sheet = excelWb.getSheetAt(i);&#xA;        int numberOfRows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();&#xA;        if (numberOfRows &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;            if (excelWb.getSheetName(i) != null&#xA;                    &amp;amp;&amp;amp; excelWb.getSheetName(i).length() != 0) {&#xA;                // append sheet name to content&#xA;                if (i &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;                    result.append(&quot;\n\n&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;                result.append(excelWb.getSheetName(i).trim());&#xA;                result.append(&quot;:\n\n&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;             for(int j=0;j&amp;lt;numberOfRows;j++) {&#xA;                HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);&#xA;                if (row != null) {&#xA;                    boolean hasContent = false;&#xA;                    int  cellNumber = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();&#xA;                   for(int k=0;k&amp;lt;cellNumber;k++) {&#xA;                        HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(k);&#xA;                        String text = null;&#xA;                        try {&#xA;                            switch (cell.getCellType()) {&#xA;                            case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:&#xA;                            case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:&#xA;                                // ignore all blank or error cells&#xA;                                break;&#xA;                            case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:&#xA;                                text = Double.toString(cell&#xA;                                        .getNumericCellValue());&#xA;                                break;&#xA;                            case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:&#xA;                                text = Boolean.toString(cell&#xA;                                        .getBooleanCellValue());&#xA;                                break;&#xA;                            case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:&#xA;                            default:&#xA;                                text = cell.getStringCellValue();&#xA;                                break;&#xA;                            }&#xA;                        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;                        }&#xA;                        if ((text != null) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (text.length() != 0)) {&#xA;                            result.append(text.trim());&#xA;                            result.append(' ');&#xA;                            hasContent = true;&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    if (hasContent) {&#xA;                        result.append('\n');&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    return result.toString();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14827" LastEditorUserId="14827" LastEditDate="2016-04-24T05:58:16.150" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T05:58:16.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18273" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-24T06:22:01.457" Score="3" ViewCount="1902" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my &lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I am generating a load which includes only Login Requests (say for 1000 users). I am using &quot;Ultimate Thread Group&quot; and &quot;Constant Throughput Timer&quot; in my script. Constant Throughput Timer &lt;code&gt;Value=120/sec&lt;/code&gt; is used. I want to run this test for five or ten minutes. My load would be held for 3 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During this Test(while loads are held), I am sending another set of login requests from the different machine (say for 100 users). I want to measure the response time of this 100 users login which I've generated from the different machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But My Requirement is:&lt;/strong&gt; while I'm sending 100 users login requests, My Previous 1000 users login requests session should be alive on the server. I've also checked &quot;Use KeepAlive&quot; in my login sampler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, How can I achieve this??  How can I be sure that my previous all the login requests sessions are held on the server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T10:13:48.387" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T10:14:19.297" Title="JMeter: How can I keep 1000 or &quot;X&quot; users login requests session alive using JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-24T11:29:58.987" Score="2" ViewCount="310" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Test 1:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimate Thread Group= 1500&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Http Sampler (Only Login Requests)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Total Test Duration= 5 mins (held load for 3 min)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Constant throughput timer=100/sec.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Output of Test 1:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gTkW5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gTkW5.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Test 2:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same as Test 1 but load held for 5 mins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Output of Test 2:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ziIcC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ziIcC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Question:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During the &amp;quot;hold load time&amp;quot;, how many Login Requests session are alive? Say suppose, During Hold Load time (3 min), almost 18,000 login Requests are sent over for 1500 users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T02:02:53.277" Title="Jmeter: What is the actual difference between two tests which ran for different Time Duration (only hold load time changes)?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18195" CreationDate="2016-04-24T13:38:28.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd avoid implementing the class twice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would simply test the original implementation i.e. MultiFilesIterator class with real files dedicated for the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The class is simple enough to test directly, and seems to be designed to specifically work with files, so I think the extra level of abstraction is redundant here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would also keep your testing decoupled from your implementation, so if you ever choose to use say &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/FileReader.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FileReader&lt;/a&gt; class instead of &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/FileReader.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RandomAccessFile&lt;/a&gt;, your tests would remain the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17798" LastActivityDate="2016-04-24T13:38:28.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18274" CreationDate="2016-04-25T03:58:06.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer is 1500. During hold time only 1500 requests will be kept alive. It depends on many factors and one of the factor is whether you used &quot;Cookie Manager&quot; in your scripts. If &quot;Clear cookie each iteration&quot; checkbox is checked then every session or cookies will be cleared after each iteration. So At the hold time only 1500 requests will be alive concurrently.If &quot;CLear cookie each iteration&quot; is not checked then all those requests will be send using exactly 1500 different session ids. So in both case the number of active sessions will be limited to 1500.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17771" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T03:58:06.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18280" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18283" CreationDate="2016-04-25T09:53:25.243" Score="1" ViewCount="13537" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can find the explanations for black box and white box testing, but couldn't find any better explanation on Red box, Yellow box and Green box testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Red Box is User Acceptance testing.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Grey Box is Combination of White and Black box.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What about the Yellow and Green Box?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can anyone say with appropriate examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17409" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T10:39:40.183" Title="What is Red,Yellow and Green Box testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-06-10T10:27:12.390" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18280" CreationDate="2016-04-25T10:00:12.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check this question and answers, you can find some explanations in there: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3620990/what-is-red-box-yellow-box-and-green-box-testing&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3620990/what-is-red-box-yellow-box-and-green-box-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17452" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T10:00:12.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18280" CreationDate="2016-04-25T10:08:16.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yellow Box Testing&lt;/strong&gt; includes the Acceptance Testing Techniques &#xA;while &lt;strong&gt;Green Box Testing&lt;/strong&gt; contains the Release Testing Techniques. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T10:08:16.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18280" CreationDate="2016-04-25T11:03:07.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As of my reading-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Red-Box Testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;It is nothing but a Protocol testing.&#xA;User / Client can apply any techniques to accept the project. &#xA;They will apply white box or grey box or black box for accepting the project. &#xA;So we are calling the user acceptance testing as a red box testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yellow box Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;Yellow box testing is checking against&#xA;the warning messages(Warning messages Testing). The system properly throwing the&#xA;warning messages or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Green Box Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;Takes external perspective of the test&#xA;object to derive the test cases, determine whether the&#xA;system is environment friendly and also not having any&#xA;social implications along with the defined set of requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T10:39:40.183" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T10:39:40.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18286" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-25T11:42:30.020" Score="4" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a couple of tests, which I run them on windows and I have a successful run.&#xA;But when I move to UBUNTU server with Xvfb, I faced problem with tests, some of them failed!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both cases I used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maven 3.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenide v3.5 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium v2.53 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox v45.0.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So from where these problems? is it related to Firefox version? or I have to modify in the code somewhere? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;some of them can't run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and others can't find elements while executing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17966" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:51:55.097" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:31:40.767" Title="Are there any issues with Selenium v2.53 and Firefox v45.0.1?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18286" CreationDate="2016-04-25T12:10:19.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a connection issue between Selenium and Firefox. There is an open bug on it &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/1915&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; that has some information for potential a work-around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue, from what I have been able to tell is Firefox 45+ is having issues with Multithreading on a single node from Selenium. Potential fix, untested by me and from the bug report linked above, would be to downgrade Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T17:19:41.167" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T17:19:41.167" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18286" CreationDate="2016-04-25T12:35:16.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you are using Selenium v-2.53 downgrade your Mozilla Firefox version.&#xA;  Selenium v-2.53 has lots of issues with Mozilla Firefox version above 45. So you may use FF v-31.0. Even I have got same issue with this version &amp;amp; It was resolved with Selenium v-2.52 &amp;amp; FF V-31.0&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:31:40.767" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:31:40.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18273" CreationDate="2016-04-25T14:04:14.907" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although Constant Throughput Timer accepts value in &lt;strong&gt;Requests/min&lt;/strong&gt; and you are saying that you will use &lt;strong&gt;120/sec&lt;/strong&gt;, so you will have to provide a value of &lt;strong&gt;7200&lt;/strong&gt; in Constant Throughput Timer to achieve 120/sec.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming there is only one request (sampler) in your Thread group and you are using the setting &quot;All Active Threads&quot; in Constant Throughput Timer. Then by using 7200/minute in Throughput timer you will not be able to maintain a load of 1000 users on your application, because when you are &lt;strong&gt;using Throughput Timer JMeter pauses threads in a way that you will get Target Throughput&lt;/strong&gt;, which means using 7200/min (120/sec) with only 1 sampler, JMeter will generate load of 120 requests and not 1000 requests (which you want). So, either you have to increase the value in Timer or remove this timer, so that you are able to generate and put load of 1000 users on application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the question about the sessions remain active or not for the script duration (i.e. 3 minutes), depends upon both your application and server, i.e. the session timeout for application and server should be more than 3 minutes and no hold queue should be there on your server which holds the upcoming user requests till the previous requests are not complete, this hold queue should be more than &lt;strong&gt;1000 + 100 = 1100 requests&lt;/strong&gt;. You should talk to developer or the server configuration team for such configurations, they will be able to provide you correct idea about these settings and then you can plan your performance tests accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T14:04:14.907" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18161" CreationDate="2016-04-25T14:16:12.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://automatictester.co.uk/2015/06/11/basic-cucumberjvm-selenium-webdriver-test-automation-framework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; shows how. &quot;TestNG&quot; is used to enable parallel execution on runner level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T06:37:34.023" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T06:37:34.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18293" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-25T14:18:36.793" Score="2" ViewCount="644" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test a messaging service and would like to know if there are any proven techniques developed specifically to test messaging services. I know that for example JMeter has JMS support. That would cover load/performance testing. However, I'm not looking for tools but for concepts and techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15436" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-25T14:30:47.420" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T14:40:22.533" Title="How to test messaging services?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18293" CreationDate="2016-04-25T14:40:22.533" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you consider a technique to be proven if it has been shown to find bugs.  I also assume you are interested in messaging in the backend system sense, not in the instant messaging sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A network partition test is a test in which network connections between nodes in a distributed system are temporarily severed.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://aphyr.com/posts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Aphyr&lt;/a&gt; has a series of blog posts describing network partition tests of distributed systems.  You may be particularly interested in the post on &lt;a href=&quot;https://aphyr.com/posts/315-jepsen-rabbitmq&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RabbitMQ&lt;/a&gt;, and the Kafka posts &lt;a href=&quot;https://aphyr.com/posts/293-jepsen-kafka&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://aphyr.com/posts/297-jepsen-strangeloop-hangout&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T14:40:22.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17906" CreationDate="2016-04-25T14:51:36.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Link for Java solution &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/testing-flash-selenium-flash-javascript-communication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/testing-flash-selenium-flash-javascript-communication/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Info about tool: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/flash_selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/flash_selenium.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Haven't found for C#, try to read this Flash automation using Selenium RC&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17971" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T14:51:36.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2016-04-25T14:51:48.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Javascript support for webdriver is pretty rough, so here's an example of this in Javascript, in case you're like me and need to go spend another half hour digging through documentation to find the right method names in JS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;let profile = new firefox.Profile();&#xA;profile.setPreference('network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris', '.company.com')&#xA;let options = new firefox.Options().setProfile(profile);&#xA;&#xA;let driver = new webdriver.Builder().&#xA;    usingServer('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub').&#xA;    withCapabilities(webdriver.Capabilities.firefox()).&#xA;    setFirefoxOptions(options).&#xA;    build();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Obviously ES6; if you're on Node &amp;lt; 4, change all instances of &lt;code&gt;let&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;var&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3218" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T14:51:48.840" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18297" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-25T15:41:42.770" Score="0" ViewCount="1488" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver statement is skipping after ajax call for example if we use hotmail signup and want to check whether email is available or not I input the text and on lost focus hotmail return a message (email is available) or (email not available) so now after input I want to check the message returned using locator it does not recognize right after input I've to put extra input lines to some other field and than have to return to locate the message following is code snippet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;          driver.get(Constant.SIGNUP_URL);&#xA;          driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;          driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='MemberName']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Abigayle.Elsie&quot;);&#xA;          driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='FirstName']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Anabia&quot;);&#xA;          driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='FirstName']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Anabia&quot;);&#xA;          String str = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='CredentialsInputPane']/fieldset/div[2]/div/div[3]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;          System.out.println(str);&#xA;          String stravailbl = &quot;is available.&quot;;&#xA;            if(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='CredentialsInputPane']/fieldset/div[2]/div/div[3]&quot;)).getText().contains(stravailbl))&#xA;            {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;email is available&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;email not available&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T11:13:22.433" LastActivityDate="2020-08-28T19:05:50.677" Title="Selenium WebDriver statement is skipping after ajax call" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17718" CreationDate="2016-04-25T16:28:25.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered using a proxy to capture the requests between the phone and the server, assuming for a moment that those requests transit across HTTP?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if it is true that HTTP is in use, setup VUGEN for proxy mode recording.  Assuming you can use your phone on the same network as your VUGEN host and their are no intervening security issues, then set your phone HTTP global proxy to the VUGEN proxy IP address and port number.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start VUGEN.  Start recording.  Start your application.   You should see an HTTP layer conversation being recorded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incidentally, as you are trying to compare mobile to desktop, consider some &quot;big data&quot; style log analysis.   Every mobile phone includes &quot;mobile&quot; as a key word in the user agent string.  Consider finding a request in your production HTTP logs which is common to both mobile and non mobile users.   Assuming your a tracking the w3c time-taken field in your logs, then you can compare the statistical information from mobile and non mobile clients to see how long it takes to serve a common component to both client types globally, as well as any given point in time (such as last thursday from noon to 4pm eastern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you test for mobile it becomes critical that you model network impairment as the network has at least as great an impact on the client response time as does the application itself in congested 2/3/4g environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T16:28:25.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18248" CreationDate="2016-04-25T16:34:18.323" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Network is the highest cost resource in terms of adding to response time.  When you run on the same server as the web server you are processing requests and responses across the system bus of the system, which is order of magnitude faster than the network where the clients will be collected.   You are also shaping the performance curve of the server to handle the extra load imposed by the execution of your test tool as well as the responses.   The execution of load would not be present in production on the host.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you consider the finite resource model of CPU, DISK, Memory and Network, your staging of load on the same server as the target impacts negatively the finite resource pool of CPU, DISK and Memory on the service under test compared to production and minimizes the impact of the most expensive resource: Network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, from a staging perspective and a match to production target configuration, this would fail an audit.  By the way, this is more of a process issue than it is a tool issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T16:34:18.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18246" CreationDate="2016-04-25T16:37:24.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is easier said than done.   Will you be spinning up a new virtual user for each IP address or session ID encountered?  How will you handle the substitution of dynamic elements present in the log which are no longer appropriate for execution?  What about elements which are cached but which do not show up in the log?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are much better off to take the information found in the logs and process them with a tool like Splunk to build a user profile of both business processes and user load which has an objective basis for your test.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2016-04-25T16:37:24.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18302" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-25T19:07:35.390" Score="4" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like suggestions for how people create RTM documents when creating automated test cases using Protractor/Jasmine. We have our suites set up based on logical sections of the application, not by requirement/user story. What is the best approach for 'tagging' individual test cases (within suites or across suites) to be linked and ran to a particular user story/requirement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17979" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T05:49:44.573" Title="Creating a RTM doc using Protractor Tests" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18302" CreationDate="2016-04-26T00:19:30.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally I try and create end-to-end workflows for major functionality.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I group tests by file.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One approach I also use is to use tags for happy, sad and options workflows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Happy is being the quick, all correct input route&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sad is trying to generate as many errors as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Options means adding other stuff. Will depend on the application and data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I focus on making the descriptions and structure most useful and detailed in the end tool. i.e. Jasmine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T00:19:30.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18304" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T01:38:01.420" Score="1" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assume the following DOM fragment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;ctl00_mainContent_ddl_destinationStation1_CTNR&quot; class=&quot;search_options_menucontentbg&quot; style=&quot;z-index: 999999; display: block;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;glsctl00_mainContent_ddl_destinationStation1_CTNR&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a id=&quot;closebtn&quot; class=&quot;close-btn close&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;X&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table id=&quot;citydropdown&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;700&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;td class=&quot;leftbg&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;td class=&quot;mapbg&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;div class=&quot;btnrow&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;div class=&quot;heading&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;div class=&quot;search_options_menucontent&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;dropdownGroup1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                       &amp;lt;h3 class=&quot;title1&quot;&amp;gt;India&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;                       &amp;lt;div class=&quot;dropdownDiv&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                       &amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;li class=&quot;city_selected &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                             &amp;lt;a class=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;IXB&quot; text=&quot;Bagdogra (IXB)&quot; onclick=&quot;javascript:$CityDropDown.SetSelectedValue(this);return false;&quot; tooltip=&quot;&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt; Bagdogra (IXB)&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;                         &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;                         &amp;lt;li class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;a class=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;BLR&quot; text=&quot;Bengaluru (BLR)&quot; onclick=&quot;javascript:$CityDropDown.SetSelectedValue(this);return false;&quot; tooltip=&quot;&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt; Bengaluru (BLR)&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;                         &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;                         &amp;lt;li class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;a class=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;MAA&quot; text=&quot;Chennai (MAA)&quot; onclick=&quot;javascript:$CityDropDown.SetSelectedValue(this);return false;&quot; tooltip=&quot;&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt; Chennai (MAA)&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I traverse from node starting with &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;ctl00_mainContent_ddl_destinationStation1_CTNR&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;IXB&quot; text=&quot;Bagdogra (IXB)&quot;&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17982" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T14:10:05.443" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T14:16:11.147" Title="How can I traverse to a particular element using xpath from a particular node?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-05-01T13:09:16.680" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17643" CreationDate="2016-04-26T02:20:14.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cross browser testing can be done with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://crossbrowsertesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CrossbrowserTesting&lt;/a&gt;. Both allow a 30 day trial. They have numerous emulators for physical devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome allows Toggle Device mode (Ctrl+Shift+M)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edge has Emulation Mode which can be navigated via inspect element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt;  covers most of the devices and their versions, so we can determine the minimum version and types of browsers from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T11:07:28.453" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T11:07:28.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T04:27:14.417" Score="1" ViewCount="624" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I try to record and play a window app like calculator it does not record while it works for a web site and browsers. &#xA;My windows version is 10 &#xA;and Visual Studio version is 15.&#xA;It says you require to reboot your computer and start the recorder again, but after rebooting the problem is still the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T14:45:14.900" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T14:45:14.900" Title="Coded UI doesn't work in windows 10 and Visual studio 2015" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18307" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T04:51:11.997" Score="1" ViewCount="6964" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any suggestions on how I can improve this situation?&#xA;I have one suite of tests that I use for all three Firefox, Chrome, and IE browsers. The results I get for the browsers differs - suite passes for Firefox and Chrome, but fails for IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I noticed that despite running my suite of tests many times, IE 11 randomly fails tests, but if I rerun them it passes sometimes. Somehow if I run it in a batch in testNG suite it fails more likely, but if I run it as individual test it passes. Not the same tests fail on each run. On first run, test A would fail, but on second run, test B would fail, then on third run, test A and test C would fail. I even set all IE security zones to protected and I also use IEDriverServer 32 bit, which improved things by allowing my test suite to complete instead of hanging/crashing the browser and not logging my test results. However there are still issues with my tests running in IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also noticed a specific test when I run it on Firefox it fails the first time, but passes the 2nd time. This is same behavior with IE. But a few days earlier my entire suite passed for Firefox and Chrome. I'm just trying to get it working for IE now. I don't know if my tests are getting this intermittent fail for all browsers with the exception of IE seeing it more frequently than other browsers. Or if it is just an IE issue. Or if I need to add more timing. But it already takes 1.5hr to 2hr to run 34 test scripts in my suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help. Any suggestions or tips would be good? Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T12:25:29.373" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T06:01:36.027" Title="Random Selenium WebDriver Tests inconsistently Fail and Pass on IE browser" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18309" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T06:57:05.677" Score="1" ViewCount="851" Body="&lt;p&gt;html snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;isc_PT&quot; class=&quot;selectItemText&quot; tabindex=&quot;5637&quot; style=&quot;width:123px;height:12px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;&quot; $9a=&quot;$9d&quot; $89=&quot;isc_SelectItem_8&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I select class I have 3 matching nodes. How can I handle that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[contains(@id,'isc_PT')]&#xA;&#xA;WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@id,'isc_FX')]&quot;));&#xA;            Select se=new Select(element);&#xA;            se.selectByVisibleText(&quot;MDialog&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17985" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T12:42:24.747" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T12:42:24.747" Title="How to handle dynamically changing id in dropdown and if I select class then it shows three matching nodes" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18309" CreationDate="2016-04-26T07:13:06.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; is not working with Div or any other element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; are use only with element is having &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; tag and inside it, only having  &lt;code&gt;option&lt;/code&gt; tags.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@id,'isc_FX')]&quot;));&#xA;element.click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[text()='MDialog']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Comment my answer If any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T07:13:06.633" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18309" CreationDate="2016-04-26T11:38:55.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//div[@class='selectItemText'])[2]&quot;));&#xA;                Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;                element.click();&#xA;                Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//nobr[text( )='MDialog'])[4]&quot;)).click();  &#xA;//driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//nobr[text()='MDialog']&quot;)).click();&#xA;                element.click();&#xA;                Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;description&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;MDialog&quot;);&#xA;                Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17985" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-26T12:25:26.467" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T12:25:26.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T12:08:20.847" Score="-1" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium Webdriver in C#. I am trying to find the element for below given Angular code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ViewMenu&quot; ng-class=&quot;{'selectedViewMenu':SearchObj.param.View=='Videos'}&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Videos&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried it using &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//div[@class='ViewMenu selectedViewMenu']&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it doesn't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17968" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T11:50:48.593" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:15:15.787" Title="How to find the element for below code in WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17800" CreationDate="2016-04-26T12:40:23.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The command you want to continuously stream is just:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;logcat &amp;gt; {somefile.txt}&quot;&#xA;logcat -c should clear before starting.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17990" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-13T06:57:41.880" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T06:57:41.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18315" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-26T12:47:26.303" Score="1" ViewCount="860" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the C# bindings for Selenium and trying to get a simple automated test in Microsoft Edge working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Program&#xA;{&#xA;    static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;        EdgeOptions options = new EdgeOptions();&#xA;        options.PageLoadStrategy = EdgePageLoadStrategy.Eager;&#xA;        RemoteWebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();&#xA;        driver.Url = &quot;http://bing.com/&quot;;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the program halts on the initialisation of the &lt;code&gt;EdgeDriver&lt;/code&gt;, the edge browser launches but the url never changes to &quot;bing.com&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone else experienced this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T08:46:07.643" Title="Selenium with Microsoft Edge driver never finishes initialising" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-02-13T19:05:32.853" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18304" CreationDate="2016-04-26T14:16:11.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off, either you mistyped the HTML or the HTML is malformed -- note the two consecutive &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That aside, rather than answer the question, I suggest you look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3139402/how-to-select-following-sibling-xml-tag-using-xpath&quot;&gt;this StackOverflow question&lt;/a&gt; on using sibling operators in XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T14:16:11.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18307" CreationDate="2016-04-26T14:49:09.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you use explicit or implicit wait? Converting my tests to 100% explicit waits eliminated flakiness like you describe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15164742/combining-implicit-wait-and-explicit-wait-together-results-in-unexpected-wait-ti&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15164742/combining-implicit-wait-and-explicit-wait-together-results-in-unexpected-wait-ti&lt;/a&gt; by Jim Evans, member of the Selenium team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T14:49:09.890" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20728" CreationDate="2016-04-26T16:29:09.473" Score="2" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating a test suite using appium/selenium java and it was suggested that I use a boolean to select the gender on a registration form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The page objects on the gender page are male, female, and a clear button.  The male/female objects have a value that can be checked to see if they are selected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The default value is neither selected.  Is this possible or does having two specific clickMale and clickFemale functions make more sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2681" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T22:49:25.377" Title="Using boolean to select gender on a form" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;boolean&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18320" CreationDate="2016-04-26T16:48:59.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why not Both (Or well, all three)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you create a clickMale, clickFemale and clear function. You can have a function that takes in a boolean that will click male or female based on the value of that boolean using the functions that were created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T16:48:59.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7488" CreationDate="2016-04-26T18:32:34.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Full disclosure: I work for &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rainforestqa.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rainforest QA&lt;/a&gt;. Because of the nature of our platform we have a strict but relatively simple technique for test writing to ensure that our customers get reliable and consistent results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, our approach to test writing works well for manual testing even if you don't use the Rainforest platform. The key points of our test writing philosophy are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &lt;strong&gt;Keep the scope of each test narrow.&lt;/strong&gt; We encourage our users to limit each test case to a single, discrete process. For example, the scope of one test might be to create a new account, and another would be to login to an existing account. By keeping the scope for individual tests narrow, it's easier to tell if that particular interaction is working correctly, without getting bogged down with too much extraneous information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &lt;strong&gt;Design tests for deterministic results.&lt;/strong&gt; Each test is broken down into pairs of actions and questions. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Action: Click the &quot;Create an Account&quot; button on the top left of the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Question: Did the &quot;create an account&quot; popup box appear?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every question in the action-question pair &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be answered with a yes or a no. This binary format is designed to reduce any fuzziness about the results of the test. This takes the burden of interpreting unclear results off the tester and helps to eliminate miscommunication about whether the test passed or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &lt;strong&gt;Make your tests easy for anyone to understand.&lt;/strong&gt; When you work closely with a product, it can be easy to forget that your end users don't have the inside knowledge that you have. This is also especially important if you have a remote team of testers or use a crowdsourced platform like Rainforest to run your tests. But even if you don't, it's a good practice to keep because it forces you to put yourself in the shoes of your users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check out more of our testwriting approach in this blogpost: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rainforestqa.com/blog/2016-04-11-how-to-write-better-qa-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.rainforestqa.com/blog/2016-04-11-how-to-write-better-qa-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18000" LastActivityDate="2016-04-26T18:32:34.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17945" CreationDate="2016-04-26T18:42:30.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;strong&gt;&quot;jp@gc - Active Threads Over Time&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Details: See Here--&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ActiveThreadsOverTime/?utm_source=jmeter&amp;amp;utm_medium=helplink&amp;amp;utm_campaign=ActiveThreadsOverTime&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Active Threads Over Time&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope, this will satisfy your query. Thanks!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="17428" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T04:25:50.660" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T04:25:50.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15078" CreationDate="2016-04-27T00:08:29.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hopefully you are using a test framework like testng on spock, if you are then plugging it into a remote jenkins and show the status in jenkins should be your standard approach. If trust is an issue you can have selenium take screen shots at key points along the way (or even in the afterMethod method). One thing we ran into with jenkins though is selnium does not run well when it runs in the background (as a service)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16585" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T00:08:29.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-27T02:09:11.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mobile testing can be done with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://crossbrowsertesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CrossbrowserTesting&lt;/a&gt;. Both allow a 30 day trial. They have numerous emulators for physical devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome allows Toggle Device mode (Ctrl+Shift+M)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edge has Emulation Mode which can be navigated via inspect element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt;  covers most of the current mobile devices in use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T02:09:11.587" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-04-27T02:09:11.587" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17998" CreationDate="2016-04-27T03:43:22.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could design this scenario using a &quot;Recorder&quot;. First, you need to record your script and you have to add &quot;HTTP Cookie Manager&quot; in your script manually after recording is done.Enable &quot;Clear Cache Each Iteration&quot;. This will render your page resource every time it sends a request and clear the cache before a new incoming request. And to manage throughput per minute you could use &quot;Constant Throughput Timer&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;Do not include multiple CTT in your test script as it will lead to a hoax. Use CTT in Test Plan level,not in thread group level&lt;/strong&gt;.For further detail check JMeter blog about &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17771" LastEditorUserId="17771" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T04:12:11.767" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T04:12:11.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18328" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-27T05:22:22.653" Score="5" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me some tools for Android and iPhone app automation testing. I have searched some, like - Appium, Calabash, MonkeyTalk, Selendroid, Robotium, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused to choose any one from above. Please assist me in choosing best automation testing tool so that I can start with better tool which should have following features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support for Android and iPhone as well (Android is highly needed,&#xA;iPhone is optional)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support for Continuous Integration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tool should be Open Source and Free&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supported scripting language should have Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Community should be active&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggest some Android and iPhone mobile app automation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:42:27.327" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T14:42:27.327" Title="Suggest some Android and iPhone mobile app automation tools" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-04-28T07:55:15.073" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18328" CreationDate="2016-04-27T05:55:28.177" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are number of tools available in the market like:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Robotium&#xA;b) Uiautomator&#xA;c) Espresso&#xA;d) Appium&#xA;e) Calabash&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my experience -I can suggest you &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is the best tool for both Android &amp;amp; iOS mobile testing.&#xA;I'm working on appium from last 6 months in my organization it is pretty good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main &lt;strong&gt;advantages of using Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cross-platform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Backend is Selenium so you will get all selenium functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to test iOS and Android&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous integration support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't require access to your source code or library. You are&#xA;testing which you will actually ship.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;supports multiple frameworks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supports automation of hybris, native and webapps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open source (free)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can run app through appium server without manipulating the app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No source code required(unlike robotium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CI compatible with jenkins, saucelabs(so far from my experience)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to run on selenium grid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't require an APK for use, although automating certain apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also few &lt;strong&gt;Disadvantages of Appium&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Android, No Support for Android &lt;strong&gt;API level &amp;lt; 17&lt;/strong&gt;. It means you want to use Android v-4.2 or greater version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FCPBN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FCPBN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T09:01:05.800" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17998" CreationDate="2016-04-27T06:12:00.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To control your throughput per minute you have to use either &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Throughput_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ThroughputShapingTimer/?utm_source=jmeter&amp;amp;utm_medium=helplink&amp;amp;utm_campaign=ThroughputShapingTimer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Throughput Shaping Timer&lt;/a&gt;. But I would recommend you to use &lt;strong&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/strong&gt; (Since I haven't use Throughput Shaping Timer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, Constant Throughput Timer can only pause the threads to reach specified &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Target Throughput&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; value so make sure you provide enough virtual users (threads) to generate desired &quot;requests per minute&quot; value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try with these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give &lt;strong&gt;enough number of threads&lt;/strong&gt; to achieve this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Constant Throughput timer &lt;strong&gt;doesn't work&lt;/strong&gt; with the duration which lasts &lt;strong&gt;less than a minute&lt;/strong&gt;. So make your test run for &lt;strong&gt;few minutes&lt;/strong&gt;!!!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have to use &lt;strong&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/strong&gt; at the root level of your test scripts like &quot;Test Plan&quot; level.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To see your desired throughput, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/TransactionsPerSecond/?utm_source=jmeter&amp;amp;utm_medium=helplink&amp;amp;utm_campaign=TransactionsPerSecond&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Transactions per Second&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Listener&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope, this will satisfy your query!!&#xA;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="17428" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T04:07:48.390" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T04:07:48.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18331" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-27T06:13:23.577" Score="2" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote a xpath for the following using tag name traversing &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y0qbt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y0qbt.png&quot; alt=&quot;login button&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the xpath I wrote -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//form[@class = 'form-horizontal']/div[3]/div/input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it works fine but when I tried to write this in for CssSelector then its not working&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;form[class = 'form-horizontal']/div[3]/div/input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I doing correct? or traversing is not possible in CssSelector ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18006" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T11:50:43.750" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T13:31:43.683" Title="Can Css Selector be used to write customized path using tag name traversing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18332" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18334" CreationDate="2016-04-27T09:30:39.133" Score="3" ViewCount="10813" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium-webdriver with &lt;em&gt;Java&lt;/em&gt; from the &lt;em&gt;MavenProject&lt;/em&gt;. Version &lt;em&gt;2.53.0.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the HTML of the dropdown field:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-lg-7 col-md-7&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;select id=&quot;user_contract_type_of_contract&quot; name=&quot;user_contract[type_of_contract]&quot; class=&quot;form-control input-sm&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;780&quot;&amp;gt;N/A&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;775&quot;&amp;gt;Contract onbepaalde duur&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;774&quot;&amp;gt;Contract bepaalde duur&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;778&quot;&amp;gt;Interim&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;776&quot;&amp;gt;IBO&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;777&quot;&amp;gt;Industrieel leerling&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;781&quot;&amp;gt;Stagiair&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;779&quot;&amp;gt;Jobstudent&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;782&quot;&amp;gt;Vervangingscontract&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to select the second option from the field named '&lt;strong&gt;Contract onbepaalde duur&lt;/strong&gt;'.&#xA;I've tried 2 things so far, neither worked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Attempt 1&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;user_contract_type_of_contract&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000); // I wait here just to play it safe&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;user_contract_type_of_contract\&quot;]/option[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Attempt 2&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;user_contract_type_of_contract&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000); // I wait here just to play it safe&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[text()='Contract onbepaalde duur']&quot;)).click(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Current output&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What both attempts do is, they click on the field. The dropdown opens and it waits a few seconds it selects the second option but somehow it doesn't seem to click the option (it &lt;strong&gt;does get selected&lt;/strong&gt;) but then it hops to the next field to fill that one in. BUT instead of saving the selected field it saves the first default option '&lt;strong&gt;N/A&lt;/strong&gt;'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I doing wrong that it doesn't save the selected/clicked item?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18007" LastEditorUserId="18007" LastEditDate="2016-04-28T08:00:40.217" LastActivityDate="2019-01-31T09:05:00.890" Title="Unable to Select options from dropdown field?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1161" CreationDate="2016-04-27T09:36:50.940" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can suggest you &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is the best tool for Android &amp;amp; iOS mobile testing.&#xA;I'm working on appium from last 6 months in my organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The main &lt;strong&gt;advantages of using Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cross-platform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Backend is Selenium so you will get all selenium functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to test iOS and Android&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous integration support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't require access to your source code or library. You are&#xA;testing which you will actually ship.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;supports multiple frameworks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supports automation of hybris, native and webapps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open source (free)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can run app through appium server without manipulating the app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No source code required(unlike robotium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CI compatible with jenkins, saucelabs(so far from my experience)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to run on selenium grid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't require an APK for use, although automating certain apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is also few Disadvantages of Appium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Android, &lt;strong&gt;No Support for Android API level &amp;lt; 17.&lt;/strong&gt; It means you want to use Android v-4.2 or greater version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FCPBN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FCPBN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:58:43.873" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T12:58:43.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18332" CreationDate="2016-04-27T10:04:42.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;Select&lt;/strong&gt; method in WebDriver-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement contractType = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='user_contract_type_of_contract']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Select dropdownField = new Select(contractType);&#xA;dropdownField.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Contract onbepaalde duur&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;OR&#xA;// Select by using index starting from 0 to ...you have to select 2nd option so take as index-1&#xA;dropdownField.selectByindex(1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T10:04:42.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-27T11:33:21.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Top tools for testing mobile apps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is an open-source tool for automating native, mobile web, and hybrid applications on &lt;strong&gt;iOS&lt;/strong&gt; and Android platforms. &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is &quot;cross-platform&quot;: it allows you to write tests against multiple platforms (&lt;strong&gt;iOS&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Android&lt;/strong&gt;), using the same API. This enables code reuse between &lt;strong&gt;iOS&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Android&lt;/strong&gt; testsuites.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Serenity&lt;/strong&gt;: Serenity is a powerful tool for creating automation scripts in Java, verification web applications, collecting errors and combining all the results into easy to read visual reports. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Robotium&lt;/strong&gt;: This is test automation tool used for android app development in mobile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing whiz&lt;/strong&gt;: It supports testing for both android and &lt;strong&gt;iOS&lt;/strong&gt; development on different browsers, operating system and emulators, it is powered by &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; and it allows for both native and hybrid mobile apps to complete functional level testing on real devices and simulators. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Espresso&lt;/strong&gt;: It is the latest android framework that got open sourced by Google. It is easily available for developers and testers to hammer out UI and it is easy to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calabash&lt;/strong&gt;: It is a framework for android and &lt;strong&gt;iOS&lt;/strong&gt; native and hybrid applications, easy to understand and reduces syntax errors and it is used to create and execute acceptance tests for apps on both of these mobile platforms. Calabash tests are described in cucumber then converted into &lt;strong&gt;Robotium&lt;/strong&gt; or frank in run time. It supports about 80 different natural language commands such as &lt;strong&gt;java&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;ruby&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18011" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T08:33:54.527" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T08:33:54.527" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-04-27T11:33:21.337" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18332" CreationDate="2016-04-27T12:54:32.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also select dropdown option by value&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement userContractType = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='user_contract_type_of_contract']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Select selectValue = new Select(userContractType);&#xA;selectValue.selectByValue(&quot;775&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18013" LastEditorUserId="18013" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T14:12:08.173" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T14:12:08.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18313" CreationDate="2016-04-27T12:58:26.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this xpath: &lt;code&gt;//div[@class='ViewMenu' and text() = 'Videos']&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;because class &lt;code&gt;selectedViewMenu&lt;/code&gt; is probably only when element is selected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T12:58:26.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18331" CreationDate="2016-04-27T13:31:43.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;form.form-horizontal &amp;gt; div:nth-child(3) &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest spending 20 minutes &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_selectors.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T13:31:43.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18340" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-27T13:46:06.113" Score="10" ViewCount="70305" Body="&lt;p&gt;Webdriver does not provide direct any function to image verification, but we can verify images by taking two screenshots of the whole web page using &lt;strong&gt;TakeScreenshot&lt;/strong&gt; WebDriver function, one at script creation time and another at execution time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created a sample script in which first I captured a Google home page screen shot and saved &lt;code&gt;(input.jpg)&lt;/code&gt; into my project, another screen shot &lt;code&gt;(output.jpg)&lt;/code&gt; captured on the same page at test execution time and saved into the project. I want to compare both the images if they are not same then test script will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I apply logic in image verification using selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T05:08:26.100" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T09:14:38.443" Title="How to verify two images using Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;verify&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="6" ClosedDate="2017-08-25T04:40:33.840" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18341" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-27T14:05:57.003" Score="-1" ViewCount="5297" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can we use Data Driven approach with Page Object model using Page Factory, any example or link will help. I am trying to implement POM with PageFactory but at the same time I want to make it data driven using excel file&#xA;Following is the code snippet after data driven and after data driven is not working&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void valid_email_password()&#xA;{&#xA;    int iNoofRows = objexcel.rowCount();&#xA;    for(int i=1; i&amp;lt;iNoofRows; i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;    objLogin = new ScoreLogin(driver);&#xA;    objLogin.loginScore(objexcel.getData(0, i, 0), objexcel.getData(0, i, 1));&#xA;    objHomePage = new HomePage(driver);&#xA;    String DashboardUserName = objHomePage.getHomePageUserName();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(DashboardUserName.contains(&quot;Super Admin&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the code snippet before data driven&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void valid_email_password()&#xA;{&#xA;    int iNoofRows = objexcel.rowCount();&#xA;    for(int i=1; i&amp;lt;iNoofRows; i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;    objLogin = new ScoreLogin(driver);&#xA;    objLogin.loginScore(&quot;testuser&quot;, &quot;testpassword&quot;);&#xA;    objHomePage = new HomePage(driver);&#xA;    String DashboardUserName = objHomePage.getHomePageUserName();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(DashboardUserName.contains(&quot;Super Admin&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="11669" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T14:29:51.773" LastActivityDate="2020-04-21T04:05:35.563" Title="Can we use Data Driven approach with Page Object model using Page Factory, any example or link will help" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18342" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-27T14:08:02.510" Score="20" ViewCount="88891" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to Handle Dynamic Changing IDs In XPath?&#xA;for example : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id='post-body-3647323225296998740']/div[1]/form[1]/input[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this xpath &lt;strong&gt;id&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;&quot;3647323225296998740&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is changing every time when reloading the page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to handle this type of situation in Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T14:03:24.123" LastActivityDate="2021-01-05T21:52:27.690" Title="How to handle dynamic changing ID's In XPath?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18342" CreationDate="2016-04-27T14:11:52.843" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;contains()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;starts-with()&lt;/code&gt; function in XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;contains()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[contains(@id,'post-body')]/div[1]/form[1]/input[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;starts-with()&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[starts-with(@id,'post-body')]/div[1]/form[1]/input[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:13:28.620" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:13:28.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2016-04-27T14:38:15.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check this code might work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;&#xA; import java.awt.image.DataBuffer;&#xA; import java.io.File;&#xA; import java.io.IOException;&#xA; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA; import javax.imageio.ImageIO;&#xA; import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA; import org.testng.Assert;&#xA; import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;&#xA; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;&#xA; import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA; public class ImageComparison {&#xA;&#xA;      public WebDriver driver;&#xA;      private String baseUrl;&#xA;&#xA;      @BeforeSuite&#xA;      public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;         driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;         baseUrl = &quot;https://www.google.co.in/&quot;;&#xA;         driver.navigate().to(baseUrl);&#xA;         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);      &#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;      @AfterSuite&#xA;      public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;         driver.quit();    &#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;      @Test&#xA;      public void testImageComparison() throws IOException, InterruptedException {         &#xA;         File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;         Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;         FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File(&quot;GoogleOutput.jpg&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;         File fileInput = new File(&quot;GoogleInput.jpg&quot;);&#xA;         File fileOutPut = new File(&quot;GoogleOutput.jpg&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;         BufferedImage bufferfileInput = ImageIO.read(fileInput);&#xA;         DataBuffer bufferfileInput = bufferfileInput.getData().getDataBuffer();&#xA;         int sizefileInput = bufferfileInput.getSize();                     &#xA;         BufferedImage bufferfileOutPut = ImageIO.read(fileOutPut);&#xA;         DataBuffer datafileOutPut = bufferfileOutPut.getData().getDataBuffer();&#xA;         int sizefileOutPut = datafileOutPut.getSize();&#xA;         Boolean matchFlag = true;&#xA;         if(sizefileInput == sizefileOutPut) {                         &#xA;            for(int i=0; i&amp;lt;sizefileInput; i++) {&#xA;                  if(bufferfileInput.getElem(i) != datafileOutPut.getElem(i)) {&#xA;                        matchFlag = false;&#xA;                        break;&#xA;                  }&#xA;             }&#xA;         }&#xA;         else {                           &#xA;            matchFlag = false;&#xA;         Assert.assertTrue(matchFlag, &quot;Images are not same&quot;);    &#xA;      }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18013" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-04-28T08:42:25.607" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T08:42:25.607" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2016-04-27T14:54:03.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can calculate hash of images and then compare the hashes for equality.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/304268/getting-a-files-md5-checksum-in-java&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt; has a question on calculating hash&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="134" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T14:54:03.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2016-04-27T15:01:01.310" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a software library to locate elements on web page and interact with them. To deal with images, you need to use different library. Selenium can provide screenshots (images) but you need to use something else to work with such images.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a programmer, you need to master more than a single library, and learn to use right tool for the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T15:01:01.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18347" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18350" CreationDate="2016-04-27T15:02:42.150" Score="5" ViewCount="273" Body="&lt;p&gt;So i've been using Cucumber w/Capybara and Poltergeist to write automated tests for awhile now. It works pretty well and I enjoy it and it mostly makes sense (still learning it of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However Im going to need to be writing some automated tests for some sites that are in &quot;maintenance mode&quot;. There is no development going on, so there isn't much use for Cucumber in this case, nor describing in Cucumber terms what's going on. They are strictly going to be ran in the background before doing upgrades to rails versions for example (to ensure things are still working correctly on the UI side of things).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would I use then? Just Selenium or Capybara rspec? Im really unsure of where I would go from here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T12:18:00.437" Title="Writing Automated tests that don't need Cucumber?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;poltergeist&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17207" CreationDate="2016-04-27T16:40:32.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using the locator of the check box with keyword click element instead of Select checkbox. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Click Element | xpath=(//input[@type='checkbox'])[3]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18018" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-04-27T16:52:59.827" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T16:52:59.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18108" CreationDate="2016-04-27T20:17:19.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After getting idea from Tango199 answer, I modified his solution and have now implemented below code (once ComboBox is found):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HtmlListItem html_listItem = new HtmlListItem(html_comboBox);&#xA;html_listItem.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlListItem.PropertyNames.ValueAttribute, str_Value);&#xA;html_listItem.Select();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;str_Value = Value Attribute (like 7311, 7312)&lt;/code&gt; as mentioned in my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to Tango199 for his answer which gave me right idea of how to implement this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T11:24:19.503" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T11:24:19.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18347" CreationDate="2016-04-27T23:54:48.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with rspec using capybara as effectively the next 'layer' down.&#xA;Your existing experience should make it relatively easy.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Make sure your UI tests are backed with a reasonable amount of model and controller tests.  How much and what to test vary from place depending on what your built, your adherence to a rest model, etc.  Try to put logic in models or abstract further and write tests for those pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-27T23:54:48.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2016-04-28T04:11:56.060" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;Sikulix API&lt;/strong&gt;. Sikuli is a library that will help you compare two images or recognize images when they are displayed on your screen. After the said image is displayed, you can click on the recognized image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikulix.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Download Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://launchpad.net/sikuli/sikulix/1.1.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;download link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download sikulix-setup-1.1.0.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the jar file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose below option / or go for whichever option is best suited for you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uuwIh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uuwIh.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Setup Now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let the setup complete and you will find a file named - sikulixapi.jar. This jar has to be included in your classpath.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Screen screen = new Screen();&#xA;//set a timeout for waiting for the image&#xA;screen.setAutoWaitTimeout(30000); //default is 10 seconds&#xA;//wait for an image to get displayed on the screen and then click on it&#xA;screen.wait(new Pattern(&quot;img/image.PNG&quot;)).click();&#xA;//wait for an image with exact match&#xA;screen.wait(new Pattern(&quot;img/image.PNG&quot;).exact()).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11513" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T06:57:57.480" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T06:57:57.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-28T04:45:08.750" Score="0" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently am checking the website, In the website I need to check spelling errors and broken links, Is there is any software tool to do this task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also can able to test spelling error in any product software like ERP applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know your thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-04-28T11:27:57.073" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T15:23:02.020" Title="Spell check software tool for ERP application and website" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18354" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-28T07:16:11.720" Score="4" ViewCount="20411" Body="&lt;p&gt;My source goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div name=&quot;something&quot; id=&quot;something&quot;....&amp;gt;IPS125&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the number after IPS always changes. So I need to give the identification attribute as partial text &quot;IPS&quot;.&#xA;(name and id are horribly changing every time I open source.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18028" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-28T11:32:12.310" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T08:34:48.157" Title="How to identify element with knowledge of partial text for any tag (eg. div,span etc.) contains?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;ie8&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18354" CreationDate="2016-04-28T09:01:31.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;contains()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;starts-with()&lt;/code&gt; function in XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;contains()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[contains(@id,'IPS')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;starts-with()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[starts-with(@id,'IPS')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where &lt;code&gt;*&lt;/code&gt; means any element.&#xA;Let me know If any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T04:08:34.227" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T04:08:34.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18354" CreationDate="2016-04-28T09:04:05.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use xpath. If your text 'IPS' is the text inside tag use this: &lt;code&gt;//*[contains(.,'IPS')]&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 'IPS' is for example part of @class atrribute use this: &lt;code&gt;//*[contains(@class,'IPS')]&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 'IPS' is always at the begginig of the text you can use &lt;code&gt;starts-with&lt;/code&gt; command instead of &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately web browsers dont support Xpath 2.0 which provides regular expressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T09:04:05.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18347" CreationDate="2016-04-28T09:17:42.060" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should continue with your script using Selenium for existing functionality. Once your all sites development work is completed, I mean once your all modules are ready then It's easy to move Selenium script in to Cucumber script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;So my opinion you should continue scripting with as usual Selenium for existing functionality, because It's easy to convert Selenium project to Cucumber.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T12:18:00.437" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T12:18:00.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18342" CreationDate="2016-04-28T09:32:38.203" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;At this situation, We have lots of options-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1:&lt;/strong&gt; Look for any other attribute which Is not changing every time In that div node like name, class etc. So If this div node has class attribute then we can write xpath as bellow. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='post-body entry-content']/div[1]/form[1]/input[1] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2:&lt;/strong&gt; We can use absolute xpath (full xpath) where you do not need to give any attribute names In xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/div[3]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/form[1]/input[1] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 3:&lt;/strong&gt; We can use starts-with function. In this xpath's ID attribute, &quot;post-body-&quot; part remains same every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //div[starts-with(@id,'post-body-')]/div[1]/form[1]/input[1] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 4:&lt;/strong&gt; We can use contains function. Same way you can use contains function as bellow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; div[contains(@id,'post-body-')]/div[1]/form[1]/input[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T10:58:31.403" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T10:58:31.403" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18352" CreationDate="2016-04-28T09:38:26.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use W3C's link checker for broken links: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://validator.w3.org/checklink&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://validator.w3.org/checklink&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And typosaurus for spell checking websites. This is also available as a Chrome extension, but I haven't used it myself so can't vouch for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://typosaur.us/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://typosaur.us/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of these are free to use, but I believe typosaurus can only spell check English... hopefully that's what you're after?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Dan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T09:38:26.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-28T10:09:01.233" Score="0" ViewCount="1424" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there anyway we can display the assertion results in the View Results Tree listener itself? Also, the Assertion Results listener displays only failed assertions, is there a simple way to display both the failed as well as the passed assertions preferably in a verbose manner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T19:51:13.993" Title="Is it possible to display the assertion results in the View Results Tree listener itself in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12851" CreationDate="2016-04-28T10:43:25.627" Score="6" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Uploading files using Webdriver (Locally)&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I present below two ways to upload a file. The first uses Python Selenium in a special case (invisible input), the second handles a Windows Dialog Box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Invisible input&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the input is hidden, make it visible. Here is an example (Python).&#xA;The input is hidden at the bottom of the page and looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&amp;quot;file&amp;quot; multiple=&amp;quot;multiple&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;dz-hidden-input&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;visibility: hidden; position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's see how to send the file (note the use of an absolute path):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;file_input = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&amp;quot;//input[@class = 'dz-hidden-input']&amp;quot;)&#xA;# make the input visible:&#xA;driver.execute_script('arguments[0].style = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;; arguments[0].style.display = &amp;quot;block&amp;quot;; arguments[0].style.visibility = &amp;quot;visible&amp;quot;;', file_input)&#xA;# send file:&#xA;file_input.send_keys(&amp;quot;C:\\Users\\nicolas\\Documents\\CT\\Séance_du_Lundi_15_février.pdf&amp;quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(cf This &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28919499/simple-file-upload-snippet-in-selenium-works-in-chrome-but-not-firefox-on-my-mac&quot;&gt;SO answer&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Interact with Windows file upload dialog (Windows and Python only)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can directly handle the Windows dialog box using the Pywinauto module (the window has to be visible, not hidden).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;import pywinauto&#xA;&#xA;def Test(Name_of_File):&#xA;    app = pywinauto.application.Application()&#xA;    mainWindow = app['Envoi du fichier'] # main windows' title&#xA;    ctrl=mainWindow['Edit'] &#xA;    mainWindow.SetFocus()&#xA;    ctrl.ClickInput()&#xA;    ctrl.TypeKeys(Name_of_File)&#xA;    ctrlBis = mainWindow['Ouvrir'] # open file button&#xA;    ctrlBis.ClickInput()&#xA;&#xA;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot; example:&#xA;Test(&amp;quot;C:\\Users\\nicolas\\Documents\\CT\\Séance_du_Lundi_7_mars.pdf&amp;quot;)&#xA;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Windows' titles are inside square brackets. You can easily get them (and other windows' attributes) using tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pywinauto/SWAPY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SWAPY&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18031" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T17:40:18.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2016-04-28T16:59:21.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option for verifying images is to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://applitools.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Applitools&lt;/a&gt; + Selenium. It seems to be gaining in popularity among the Selenium crowd as it's not just able to do image comparison but also do layout comparisons. I haven't used it myself but it's on my TODO list. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the looks of it, they have a decent &lt;a href=&quot;https://eyes.applitools.com/app/Web/Deploy/Tutorial/tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; where you can choose your environment (Selenium) and language and it will show you how to install the dependencies and give you some sample code to run a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen it pop up quite a bit in collaboration with &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt;, here's a &lt;a href=&quot;http://sauceio.com/index.php/2015/02/how-to-add-visual-testing-to-existing-selenium-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; post with some Java example code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T16:59:21.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-28T17:44:35.187" Score="1" ViewCount="462" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a process, using Selenium Web driver for Firefox, for automatic look up for information on one specific site. Due to the volume of the data being looked up, I will need to run parallel processes - minimum 10 (I think). I did a quick test, with 3 processes running in parallel and it seemed ok. But I will need many more.. The Process is written in C#, runs on Windows. Firefox is the only web driver that works with the site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)    Is there any benefit of using the Selenium Grid in my situation? Vs just running as many copies of my process (each creating an instance of the selenium web driver) as it is found optimal ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)    What number of processes (using FF) may be optimal ? (in terms of FF requests) Would FF run parallel requests to the site, or would it queue them ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)    If I have N processes (each creating an instance of the selenium web driver/FF)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would selenium create N different instances of FF?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18038" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T13:34:17.823" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T14:12:30.640" Title="Running parallel scripting in Selenium Web driver for Firefox, do I need Selenium Grid?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18360" CreationDate="2016-04-28T17:55:57.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;View Results Tree Listener displays failed assertions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VjxK6.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VjxK6.png&quot; alt=&quot;Failed Assertion&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're doing some functional testing with low number of virtual users (threads) and  need to see verbose assertion results you need to choose a more advanced assertion, i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#BeanShell_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beanshell Assertion&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Assertion&lt;/a&gt; which have full control of response data, headers, messages, sample labels, log file, etc. so you will be able to precisely do what you need using JMeter API in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.beanshell.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beanshell&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.groovy-lang.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy&lt;/a&gt; language&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're running a load test which assumes immense load - I would strongly recommend to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Forget about running JMeter in GUI mode&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable all the listeners, &lt;strong&gt;especially&lt;/strong&gt; View Results Tree&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leave only those assertions which are absolutely required. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise overhead caused by listeners memory consumption and IO to write all the things down on JMeter side can ruin your load test and results won't be relevant. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;9 Easy Solutions for a JMeter Load Test “Out of Memory” Failure&lt;/a&gt; guide for more detailed explanation of the above points and few more JMeter tuning tweaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T17:55:57.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18368" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18369" CreationDate="2016-04-28T19:36:55.537" Score="0" ViewCount="11150" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the testing types that can be supported by Selenium? Can Selenium be used for UI testing? Textual testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18041" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-04-29T11:47:30.890" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T15:32:28.797" Title="What are the testing types that can be supported by Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-04-30T03:05:55.117" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18368" CreationDate="2016-04-28T19:44:32.813" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium supports the following types of testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional Testing&#xA;Regression Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18042" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T19:44:32.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2016-04-28T20:16:55.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One non-selenium tool we use (we use the paid version) is &lt;a href=&quot;https://ghostinspector.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GhostInspector&lt;/a&gt; which has several options for screenshots including comparing by % difference and by css selectors to target areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AHAEh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AHAEh.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T20:16:55.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2016-04-28T20:22:06.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A new contender that works well is &lt;a href=&quot;https://ghostinspector.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ghostinspector&lt;/a&gt; There are free and paid versions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can set a tolerance and also target by css selectors, both great features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/edB92.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/edB92.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T20:22:06.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18368" CreationDate="2016-04-28T20:59:43.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a system for operating a web browser by remote control.  You can cause the browser to perform actions, and you can retrieve information in the DOM using different criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is not a system for installing software, managing tests, or managing test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-04-28T20:59:43.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18373" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-29T06:18:39.897" Score="1" ViewCount="281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need help for selenium to wait for entire page load, when executing the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wait time is to be defined in milliseconds for each step. It will be good if  we have better way of doing it (like wait till page loading is complete). please give me some  answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18044" LastEditorUserId="18044" LastEditDate="2016-04-30T08:35:17.537" LastActivityDate="2021-03-27T17:14:39.917" Title="Multiple test case execution: I want to wait for page load in selenium in java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18368" CreationDate="2016-04-29T06:29:19.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a good tool for UI testing wherein you need to automate the GUI functionalities. It makes sense to use it if you want to automate your regression test cases that you don't want to do manually every time a new fix has been received or a new feature has been deployed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should definitely try other options if you want to test the APIs without any testing on the UI level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T06:29:19.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-29T07:25:23.610" Score="1" ViewCount="2843" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in confusion to write the test cases for one of my requirement.I have a signup process it will have 8 steps to complete a signup.How to write a test script for all steps by validating the each and every validation for single field.&#xA;I am using the java along with selenium webdriver&#xA;how the framework should like ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All validations should take in a single test case ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am happy and welcome with your ideas/approch&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2016-04-29T09:04:43.423" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T19:54:44.497" Title="How to test the multiple test cases in a single test case using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18313" CreationDate="2016-04-29T07:38:47.780" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check with different XPath-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='ViewMenu selectedViewMenu']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@class='ViewMenu selectedViewMenu']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR Try with &lt;strong&gt;CSS Selector&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.ViewMenu.selectedViewMenu&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T12:24:56.133" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T12:24:56.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18376" CreationDate="2016-04-29T08:08:17.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use one of test framework. If you use Java I recommend to use TestNG. Then you can use assertion (e.g. &lt;code&gt;Assert.assertTrue(yourCondition, message)&lt;/code&gt; for all fields, it depends on test case and your goal. Note that if any assertion is failed then test execution is finished. &#xA;If you want to prepare test cases with different login data you can use DataProvider from TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T08:08:17.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18373" CreationDate="2016-04-29T11:42:25.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Something along the lines of the following code should give what you desire. Do this after instantiating your driver but before finding the elements (In the SetUp methods preferably).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T11:42:25.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3546" CreationDate="2016-04-29T13:01:57.900" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The definition of &lt;strong&gt;‘functional requirement’&lt;/strong&gt; is that it essentially specifies something the system should do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The definition for a &lt;strong&gt;non-functional requirement&lt;/strong&gt; is that it essentially specifies how the system should behave and that it is a constraint upon the systems behavior. One could also think of non-functional requirements as quality attributes for of a system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply, the &lt;strong&gt;difference is&lt;/strong&gt; that non-functional requirements describe how the system works, while functional requirements describe what the system should do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;functional requirements includes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business Rules&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transaction corrections, adjustments and cancellations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Administrative functions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Authentication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Authorization levels&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Audit Tracking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External Interfaces&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Certification Requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reporting Requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Historical Data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Legal or Regulatory Requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Non-functional requirements:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance – for example Response Time, Throughput, Utilization, Static Volumetric&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scalability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capacity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Availability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recoverability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintainability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Serviceability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regulatory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manageability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environmental, Data Integrity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:30:53.203" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:30:53.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18407" CreationDate="2016-04-29T14:13:00.507" Score="1" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a basic script that parses through HTML and creates a basic POM based on Inputs, Selects etc. It does a decent job but I was curious if there is any 'professional' or popularly used pieces that offers similar functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is for C# with Selenium 2 using the PageFactory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T18:41:20.000" Title="Software to Build a Selenium POM" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18366" CreationDate="2016-04-29T15:23:00.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One of the main benefits to running Selenium Grid is you can run lots of parallel tests and in different combinations of environments. Even if you run only one browser + operating system you might still benefit from the fact these are hermetic systems, isolated from each other. Therefore one browser failure won't cause the other tests to fail. &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Although, if you have the money, it's far faster and less overhead to just sign up for &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt;. Let them maintain the grid for you. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I typically run 3 processes at a time but mostly that's due to my current Sauce Labs plan limits. If you run it locally it really depends on your machines power and how stable your tests are. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes each process would create a new instance of Firefox. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T15:23:00.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18368" CreationDate="2016-04-29T15:32:28.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium type of testing can be done are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Functional Testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regression Testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sanity Testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Smoke Testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Responsive Testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cross Browser Testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;UI testing (black box)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can automate : WAB, WAP, APP (Mobile App) applications using selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, Selenium can be used for UI testing. Selenium can be used to automate the manual interaction steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, you can check textual information as well. As Selenium WebDriver object triggers real events in the browser: mouse clicks, button clicks, entering text, and events from the keyboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T15:32:28.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-04-29T15:51:49.597" Score="1" ViewCount="446" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where can I find tutorials for GeB automation tool? I couldn't find any tutorials online. Currently, I am a manual tester that uses QTP and Load runner. My company wants me to learn Geb as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18056" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T12:04:14.730" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T08:19:59.097" Title="where can I find good Geb tutorials?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;geb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18383" CreationDate="2016-04-29T16:54:35.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My current Solution. Parses through the HTML file (C:\QA\Test.html), finds all input tags and Select tags, if they have an ID it will convert them into a POM based format. It then prints out to C:\QA\Pom.txt the basic object for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, it does 90% of the work that I need, with minor editing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.IO;&#xA;using CsQuery;&#xA;class Solution&#xA;{&#xA;    static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;        var doc = CQ.CreateDocumentFromFile(@&quot;C:\QA\Test.html&quot;);&#xA;        var inputFields = doc[&quot;input&quot;]; &#xA;        var inputPairs = inputFields.Select(node =&amp;gt; new Tuple&amp;lt;string, string&amp;gt;(node.Id, node.Value));&#xA;        string pom = String.Empty;&#xA;        foreach (var pair in inputPairs)&#xA;        {&#xA;            var split = pair.Item1.Split('_');&#xA;            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(pair.Item1.Trim()))&#xA;            {&#xA;                pom += String.Format(&quot;[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = \&quot;{0}\&quot;)]\r\n&quot;, pair.Item1);&#xA;                pom += String.Format(&quot;public IWebElement {0};\r\n\r\n&quot;, split[split.Length - 1]);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        var selectFields = doc[&quot;select&quot;]; &#xA;        var selectPairs = selectFields.Select(node =&amp;gt; new Tuple&amp;lt;string, string&amp;gt;(node.Id, node.Value));&#xA;        foreach (var pair in selectPairs)&#xA;        {&#xA;            var split = pair.Item1.Split('_');&#xA;            var name = split[split.Length - 1];&#xA;            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(pair.Item1.Trim()))&#xA;            {&#xA;                pom += String.Format(&quot;[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = \&quot;{0}\&quot;)]\r\n&quot;, pair.Item1);&#xA;                pom += String.Format(@&quot;public IWebElement {0}Element;&#xA;                                        public SelectElement {0}&#xA;                                        {{&#xA;                                            get {{ return new SelectElement({0}Element); }}&#xA;                                        }} {1}{1}{1}&quot;, name,Environment.NewLine);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        File.WriteAllText(@&quot;C:\QA\Pom.txt&quot;, pom);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-04-29T16:54:35.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18386" CreationDate="2016-04-30T08:33:29.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can refer GeB manual (Book) on its official site : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/manual/current/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.gebish.org/manual/current/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can find a good presentation : &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/presentations/geb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.infoq.com/presentations/geb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastEditorUserId="7924" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T07:43:24.593" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T07:43:24.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7561" CreationDate="2016-04-30T13:44:26.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few pages that describe the differences between newer VSTest.Console.Exe and older MSTest.exe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms253138(v=vs.110).aspx#Runner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Choose and configure a test runner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;VStest support recent features, including Fakes. However some features(such as database unit tests, load and web tests) supported only in old MSTest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/bhuvaneshwari/2012/06/15/vstest-console-exe-commandline-test-runner/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vstest.console.exe – CommandLine Test Runner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Gives a brief summary on the various switches provided by Mstest.exe and the equivalent switches in vstest.console.exe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://mfreidge.wordpress.com/2016/04/30/replace-mstest-to-vstest-to-support-fakes/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Replace MSTest to VSTest to support Fakes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Describe parameters that should be changed if you move from MSTest to VSTest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3186" LastEditorUserId="3186" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T10:57:23.407" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T10:57:23.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9317" CreationDate="2016-04-30T21:04:41.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When thinking of interface testing, u need to stop thinking of interface as GUI, but think as a point of interaction btwn objects. So when we say interface testing we mean are the objects able to interact without any problem. Remember it start with unit test, then component testing then integration testing that leads to system. Interface testing thus is part of integration testing as you are integrating the components together, seeing whether the components can interface/communicate with each other until its integrated to a system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18068" LastActivityDate="2016-04-30T21:04:41.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18392" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18401" CreationDate="2016-05-01T04:07:22.603" Score="0" ViewCount="884" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry for the confusing title, i've been really trying to find a good solution to writing automated tests for maintenance projects (To identify areas that potentially break after doing upgrades to rails versions or w/e it may be. Not all of our web apps are rails though).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im somewhat familiar with using Capybara/Cucumber (Although Cucumber will be useless for this since I won't need to display any acceptance tests or anything human readable).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways, is there a way for me to write the test and see them happen on a normal browser, then easily switch it to headless (Like using Poltergeist/PhantomJS)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capybara seems ideal for this, although im a bit confused.....if Im not using Cucumber with Capybara, what DO I use language wise? Rspec?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Also any suggestions on the initial driver to use? I need to be able to change things easily without having to rewrite the tests. I've seen that Webkit is a bit faster than Selenium? But I saw that webkit was also headless....and I need to confirm visually the tests are ok (And to Demo them) so im not sure that will work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T23:44:10.090" Title="Easy way to switch to headless automated testing after normal browser test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18397" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-01T18:19:10.433" Score="-2" ViewCount="11976" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tester found A very critical bug in DB testing. DB testing was out of scope. He started by himself and found a critical bug. How should I write an appreciation mail?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18077" LastEditorUserId="7819" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T18:20:38.360" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T18:20:38.360" Title="How to write an appreciation mail for a tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-05-02T12:49:42.550" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18397" CreationDate="2016-05-02T05:25:11.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming that you're mentoring the Tester whom you want to appreciate for his work the email would be like as below:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for improving the value of our product by finding this XX critical Bug. Thank you for taking initiative and going beyond the scope in your testing. We encourage your Out of the box nature and heartfully appreciate your efforts and wish to see more from good work from you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a token of appreciation for your great work we have decided to change your Job title and increase your salary by xxxx.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18080" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T13:09:18.860" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T13:09:18.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13059" CreationDate="2016-05-02T06:59:32.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This error occurs due to using older version of cucumber.&#xA;This issue was solved in cucumber version 1.2.3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make changes in your pom.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.3&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-picocontainer&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.3&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.3&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11261" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T06:59:32.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18400" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20089" CreationDate="2016-05-02T07:28:01.343" Score="0" ViewCount="5420" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to write regular expression extractor for following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;a href=&quot;/Service/Details/118?OID=544&quot; title=&quot;Click to view details&quot;&amp;gt;118&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;img src=&quot;/Media/Images/Opr/544.png&quot; title=&quot;&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td style=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote it as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;a href=&quot;/Service/Details/(.+?)?OID=(.+?)&quot; title=&quot;Click to view details&quot;&amp;gt;(.+?)&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;img src=&quot;/Media/Images/Opr/(.+?).png&quot; title=&quot;&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td style=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                   (.+?)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it is not working. please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18083" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T07:54:25.943" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T17:11:01.213" Title="Jmeter regular expression for multiline HTML" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18392" CreationDate="2016-05-02T09:25:27.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, you should separate your process from your technology stack. Evidently, you've defined a process for yourself: you'd like to write tests that you can execute manually to verify certain things and that you can later use in unattended runs to verify those same things. Now you need to find a technology stack which will let you do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, given your needs, ideally you need a framework that separates the 'code' that makes up the automated tests from the 'code' that drives the actual browser instance, since that will allow you to use the exact same test code for both the manual 'visual' testing and the unattended 'headless' testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally have no experience with using Capybara, but if it meets those criteria then you should be able to use it without needing to pick up another framework. Just because they promote the usage of a framework for a certain type of testing doesn't mean it can't be used for other testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A framework I am personally familiar with is the Robot Framework, which can meet your needs by using the Selenium Webdriver library. Tests are defined in semi-natural language, similar to Capybara/Cucumber, and the actual words (named 'keywords' in this context) will determine what code is actually executed. A large number of keywords are supplied out-of-the-box and virtually anything else you require you can construct custom keywords for, using either built-in keywords, custom keywords, or even custom keywords that run i.e. python code. Changing them from tests that run visually to headless tests is as simple as changing a single parameter, from i.e. Firefox to PhantomJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T09:25:27.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18402" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-02T10:02:03.277" Score="2" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;For integration tests of an e-commerce checkout process that includes the credit card payment gateway of a third party, I would like to acquire prepaid credit cards. Especially for fraud-prevention it's very hard to test the full process inclusively without having real cards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am located in Germany, where it's possible to buy these kinds of cards that come with a pre-charged amount of money (typically something like 25, 50, 100 Euros) in gas stations and small stores that also sell top-up mobile phone credit. These cards work well, but are not helpful for testing processes that include issuer-country fraud-prevention methods at the 3rd party.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that in the US there are gift Visa cards such as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.walmartgift.com/wmgift&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Walmart Visa Gift Card&lt;/a&gt;, but it says they only work in the US, and not on the Internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finding working cards seems to be pretty hard and the only idea I've had so far is asking friends in other countries or colleagues who go on vacation to look out for this type of card. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They should exist in a lot of countries, as long as credit card is a broadly accepted payment method there, and there are parts of the population who might not have a good credit history, as paying cash for a one-time credit card number eliminates that factor and enables them to buy stuff online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for solutions of either how to acquire one of those cards from a country other than Germany, or alternative methods to integration test my checkout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17338" LastEditorUserId="17338" LastEditDate="2016-05-02T13:32:27.500" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T07:36:33.947" Title="How can I acquire international prepaid credit cards for e-com checkout integration testing?" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18400" CreationDate="2016-05-02T14:03:55.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only issue with your regex is that your regex contains special (&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html#meta_chars&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;meta&lt;/a&gt;) characters like '&amp;lt;', '/' etc. which are being used as expression without using the escapes character. Such characters must be escaped by preceding them with &lt;strong&gt;\ (backslash)&lt;/strong&gt; in order to treat them as ordinary characters, else your regex will throw error and will not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;List of such characters can be obtained from the mentioned link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1.  ( ) - grouping&#xA;2.  [ ] - character classes&#xA;3.  { } - repetition&#xA;4.  * + ? - repetition&#xA;5.  . - wild-card character&#xA;6.  \ - escape character&#xA;7.  | - alternatives&#xA;8.  ^ $ - start and end of string or line&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I modified your regex with '\' escapes character and it is working fine e.g. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;href=\&quot;\/Service\/Details\/(.+?)\?OID=(.+?)&quot; title=&quot;Click to view details&quot;\&amp;gt;(.+?)\&amp;lt;\/a\&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this gives me &lt;strong&gt;118&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;544&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;118&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try with escape character and it should work fine.&lt;/strong&gt; Also, if you want to pass them as parameters to other requests, better is to use multiple post request regex extractor in same request with different parameters name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter also provides the Regex tester in Tree view, where you can test your regex before implementing or you can test it online from this &lt;a href=&quot;https://regex101.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;site&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;(many other such sites are available for regex testing)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OP asked to extract value from 4th line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;a href=&quot;/Service/Details/118?OID=544&quot; title=&quot;Click to view details&quot;&amp;gt;118&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;img src=&quot;/Media/Images/Opr/544.png&quot; title=&quot;&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td style=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regex:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;\/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;a href=&quot;\/Service\/Details\/(.+?)\?OID=(.+?)&quot; title=&quot;Click to view details&quot;&amp;gt;(.+?)&amp;lt;\/a&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;\/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;img src=&quot;\/Media\/Images\/Opr\/(.+?).png&quot; title=&quot;&quot; \/&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;\/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td style=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Output:&lt;/strong&gt; 118, 544, 118, 544&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T17:45:14.527" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T17:45:14.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18408" CreationDate="2016-05-02T15:03:26.970" Score="2" ViewCount="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen both usages: As in say im testing a web app using Capybara/Rspec?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I seen it edited in the spec_helper.rb file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'require capybara/rspec'&#xA;require 'capybara/poltergeist'&#xA;Capybara.javascript_driver = :poltergeist&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also see it not placed there and put in each individual test....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a &quot;best practices&quot; for this? Since you can switch between drivers in Capybara does it make sense to keep all the requires in one spot?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T18:42:25.470" Title="Where should 'requires' be kept with regards to rails Automated testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18400" CreationDate="2016-05-02T16:10:40.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I doubt regular expressions will help there, would rather suggest going for one of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSS/JQuery_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSS/Query Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blazemeter.com/blog/using-xpath-extractor-jmeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need assistance in creating a relevant CSS/Query or XPath expression - update your question with more lines so it would be possible to see DOM tree, preferably upload full page source code somewhere. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T16:10:40.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18383" CreationDate="2016-05-02T18:41:20.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't tried it but there's a Chrome Extension called &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/selenium-page-object-gene/epgmnmcjdhapiojbohkkemlfkegmbebb?hl=en-US&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Page Object Generator&lt;/a&gt; that looks like it automates PO creation, and it supports C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/dzharii/swd-recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SWD Page Recorder&lt;/a&gt; also automates PO creation, and supports C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15070" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T18:41:20.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18405" CreationDate="2016-05-02T18:42:25.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it depends largely on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whether this is a standalone testing app or part of a rails application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if part of a rails application, which rails version was originally / currently used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In rails applications it's now usually placed in &lt;code&gt;spec/support/capybara.rb:&lt;/code&gt;, e.g. &lt;code&gt;Capybara.javascript_driver = :selenium&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T18:42:25.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18392" CreationDate="2016-05-02T20:37:49.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Capybara is a &lt;strong&gt;Ruby&lt;/strong&gt; framework used for emulating a users behavior in a browser.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use it with whatever test framework you wish, RSpec, minitest, etc. When using Capybara, as long as you stick to its API (no calling of methods directly on the driver) you should be able to switch between different drivers relatively painlessly, using the selenium driver when you want to watch the tests, poltergeist or capybara-webkit when you want headless with more speed.  You can change the driver at any time by setting Capybara.default_driver, Capybara.current_driver, and Capybara.javascript_driver as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18095" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T23:44:10.090" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T23:44:10.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18402" CreationDate="2016-05-02T21:14:59.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi it really depends on the Payment provider your website opted for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Example, we use Payment Express and PayWave as our payment service providers and they have dummy cards for Visa, Master, A.E for testing purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure, but might be useful for you &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paymentexpress.com/Technical_Resources/Integrated_Eftpos/Eftpos_Test_Cards/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Test cards&quot;&gt;http://www.paymentexpress.com/Technical_Resources/Integrated_Eftpos/Eftpos_Test_Cards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18080" LastActivityDate="2016-05-02T21:14:59.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18141" CreationDate="2016-05-03T05:31:40.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So the actual issue was that a visible button was clicked, before the javascript handler for it was loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Theoretical solution (still have to test it properly) is this:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;use Fiddlercore to listen for all HTTP(S) requests and responses&lt;/strong&gt;. If I know the required resource for the button action, I can simply check for every succesfull response if it matches the resource path. Once it's been returned with a proper status code (200) I can continue clicking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T05:31:40.937" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18412" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-03T06:33:43.287" Score="0" ViewCount="629" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Java and selenium to write some tests. I need to record my screenshot while the tests are running it makes much easier for me to track if any bugs occurs. The problem is that I need to run more than one tests at the same time and as I have only one monitor I cannot record all of their screenshots at the same time so I have to run the test one after each other. I was wondering if there is any way that I can run all my tests and actually minimize their browsers windows but still record what is going on at each minimized chrome window. My question may sound a bit very strange but that makes my testing very faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18104" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-03T06:54:21.263" LastActivityDate="2016-07-02T07:44:02.160" Title="Is there any way to record the screenshots of minimized browser windows" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18342" CreationDate="2016-05-03T06:50:01.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the id is changing dynamically for a particular xpath then we can use the below xpath functions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;contains :&lt;code&gt;xpath Syntax: //html tag[contains(text()/@attribute, 'Expected Value')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Following-Siblings: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath Syntax : //html tag/following-siblings::html tag&#xA;ex: //img[@src = 'image2.jpg']/following-siblings::input[@type = 'button']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Preceding-Siblings: syntax will be same as &#xA;&lt;code&gt;following-Siblings&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The descendant function which is used to identify the grand child node by skipping all &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;sub, node from the current HTML tag.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18104" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T06:57:33.050" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T06:57:33.050" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18412" CreationDate="2016-05-03T07:02:40.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, definitely we can take multiple screenshots. There is no affect whether the browser is in minimize or Maximize condition. Just you have to switch the new opened window &amp;amp; add &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Take screenshot&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; method after each method where you have to take screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take screenshot method can work in both mode while browser is either in Minimize or Maximize condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use below Take screentShot method code for taking multiple screenshots within a class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void screenShot() throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;    File scr = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;    String filename =  new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;yyyyMMddhhmmss'.txt'&quot;).format(new Date());&#xA;    File dest = new File(&quot;filePath/&quot; + filename);&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scr, dest);&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T07:02:40.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18415" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-03T07:25:52.767" Score="12" ViewCount="208606" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able to validate an international number text box in Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried earlier by name, class and other locators but it is not inserting the value into the textbox.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the text box and the corresponding HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GJguu.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GJguu.png&quot; alt=&quot;this the textbox&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kzsJY.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kzsJY.png&quot; alt=&quot;html content&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code I am using is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;phone&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;(222)222-2222&quot;);   &#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ssn&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;555-55-5555&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18106" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T11:28:31.053" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T18:33:05.463" Title="Selenium - sendKeys() not inserting value into textbox" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18402" CreationDate="2016-05-03T07:36:33.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you check below link, May be it will useful for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/vhelp/paypalmanager_help/credit_card_numbers.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/vhelp/paypalmanager_help/credit_card_numbers.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T07:36:33.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18417" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-03T07:55:45.860" Score="0" ViewCount="444" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to validate some of my assumptions about what &quot;flakiness&quot; entails in an automated test/suite. To me, that list might include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non-deterministic (inconsistent pass/fail)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inconsistent run/response times (release related)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test data (invalid, inconsistent across environments, finite use, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retry handlers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dependencies on external services&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: &#xA;I'm deliberately excluding environment- and site-specific specific flakiness here (e.g. network latency/access, load, circular dependencies, architecture of test suites), even though, as Cronax pointed out, those are usually the main culprits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15496" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:44:03.993" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T10:44:03.993" Title="Automated test flakiness" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18417" CreationDate="2016-05-03T09:05:34.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are number of reasons, why Automated Tests are &quot;flakiness&quot;-&#xA;Some of them are-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not having a framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using hardcoded test data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using X,Y coordinates or XPath for element recognition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using shared test environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Having test that are dependent on one another&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test not starting in a known state&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test no managing their own test data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not treating automation like any other software development effort&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Failure to use proper synchronization&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Badly written tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When running automated tests is to make sure the result of these tests are reliable and consistent. This is especially true when your tests are part of a Continuous Integration system and are run automatically to verify each build. There is nothing worse than a test that passes sometimes and fails others without any new bugs being introduced. These are what are known as &lt;strong&gt;“flaky tests”&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to avoid these flakiness in automated Tests&lt;/strong&gt; you may check here-&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14241/how-to-avoid-flakey-e2e-selenium-tests&quot;&gt;How to avoid flakey E2E selenium tests?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T09:05:34.373" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18420" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-03T11:19:15.817" Score="0" ViewCount="1270" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have Jenkins on localhost, configured test project, which is generating passed test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    @Test&#xA;    public void aFastTest() {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;---- ---- ----&quot;);&#xA;        Assert.assertTrue(true, &quot;Test is true&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Console output is OK in Jenkins:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Results :&#xA;&#xA;Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For import to ALM I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/HP+Application+Automation+Tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/HP+Application+Automation+Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Jenkins Job configuration I have in Post-build Actions - Upload test result to ALM, set: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Testing result file: **/testng-results.xml&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally my problem - in the end of Jenkins console log is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;INFO: 'Upload test result to ALM' Post Build Step is being invoked.&#xA;INFO: No Test Report found.&#xA;INFO: 'Upload test result to ALM' Completed.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought, the path to testing result file is wrong, so I copied it everywhere, in testng-results.xml is valid result, compared to examples on net...Anyone know why there is &lt;strong&gt;No Test Report found&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18032" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T07:41:53.897" LastActivityDate="2021-04-25T04:39:38.063" Title="Import TestNG results from Jenkins to ALM" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;hp-alm-12.01&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18240" CreationDate="2016-05-03T13:14:05.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Initially start writing test cases with single filter with all the condition like &#xA;1. Exact match&#xA;2. Like with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next start with a combination of fields in positive and negative condition with all combinations of filters in the grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2016-05-03T13:14:05.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18423" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-03T16:51:12.047" Score="0" ViewCount="3428" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been trying for a long time to get Selenium to select an option from a drop down select field. It appears not to be selecting the element whatsoever. Could the fact that it requires a reload link be causing issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select&#xA;from bs4 import BeautifulSoup&#xA;import csv&#xA;import requests&#xA;import re&#xA;&#xA;driver2 = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;driver2.get(&quot;http://www.squawka.com/match-results&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;el = driver2.find_element_by_id('league-filter-list')&#xA;for option in el.find_elements_by_tag_name('option'):&#xA;    if option.text == 'Football League Championship':&#xA;        option.click()&#xA;        break&#xA;&#xA;driver2.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18118" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T03:34:53.943" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T14:14:23.927" Title="Can't get Selenium to select option" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18423" CreationDate="2016-05-03T18:53:39.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're trying to click an invisible element, which won't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's easiest to use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/api.html#module-selenium.webdriver.support.select&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;select&lt;/a&gt; class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an example, see Daniel Abel's answer in this thread: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1355/what-is-the-correct-way-to-select-an-option-using-seleniums-python-webdriver&quot;&gt;What is the correct way to select an &amp;lt;option&amp;gt; using Selenium&amp;#39;s Python WebDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T14:14:23.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18519" CreationDate="2016-05-04T05:25:37.480" Score="1" ViewCount="1938" Body="&lt;p&gt;we are testing our projects with selenium. Using chrome browser with chromedriver (v2.9.248315). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we are setting up a CI infrastructure and we want to run our selenium tests automated. We are using several Windows 2012 R2 64 bit servers for our CI. We have one main Jenkins server and several slave-nodes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is our selenium Test dont run like the do local on our developer computer. Our jenkins/maven log shows the following error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;11:56:39 Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 10.332 sec &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE!&#xA;11:56:39 org.my.test.Class Time elapsed: 10.331 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; ERROR!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;followed by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;11:56:39 Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;11:56:39 Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, chrome={userDataDir=C:\Windows\TEMP\scoped_dir2012_22747}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, version=50.0.2661.94, platform=WIN8_1, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, acceptSslCerts=true, locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;11:56:39 Session ID: 894ddcdc22ae6ee13731d8a9ceb13fb0&#xA;11:56:39 at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.timeoutException(WebDriverWait.java:80)&#xA;&#xA;11:56:39 Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element&#xA;11:56:39   (Session info: chrome=50.0.2661.94)&#xA;11:56:39   (Driver info: chromedriver=2.9.248315,platform=Windows NT 6.3 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;11:56:39 Command duration or timeout: 11 milliseconds&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i run the maven test on the server through console i can see that the crome browser is starting but not responding. It seems that the selenium test classes do not recive any response from the webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;We tried to use Firefox instead of chrome browser where we do not need the chromedriver, but still same issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;13:16:48 Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;13:16:48 Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=true, rotatable=false, handlesAlerts=true, databaseEnabled=true, version=46.0.1, platform=WINDOWS, nativeEvents=false, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true, locationContextEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;13:16:48 Session ID: 3f8319f8-ff6d-42f1-9bf6-b955bfbc51b4&#xA;13:16:48 at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.timeoutException(WebDriverWait.java:80)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;We are running the test through maven.. When i start them manually the chrome browser opens but does not seem to respond. We found out that when the tests runs through the slave the browser opens and is navigating to the site (Server log). but it seams that the test does not recive any result from the browser. So the browser might do as commandet but the Selenium test is not able to recive any response to validate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every suggestion is welcome. =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18111" LastEditorUserId="18111" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T05:19:09.753" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T06:54:55.233" Title="Jenkins Selenium Test on Windows 2012 R2 with Chrome driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2016-05-04T06:11:06.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot do that with just Selenium, as @Peter-Masiar mentioned, but you can look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cns.nyu.edu/lcv/ssim/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Structural Similarity&quot;&gt;Structural Similarity&lt;/a&gt; method. Additional &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cns.nyu.edu/lcv/ssim/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;. My company has been using this method quite a lot for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5023" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T06:11:06.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17969" CreationDate="2016-05-04T07:06:17.390" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Question yourself if you really need to test on Safari on WINDOWS? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Safari on Windows has been &lt;strong&gt;discontinued&lt;/strong&gt; since half 2013. I would say focus on the latest Safari on Mac OS X instead. The chance a windows user installing an old version of Safari is extremely small.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T07:06:17.390" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18429" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-04T07:20:40.337" Score="2" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder if there is a way to assert that XML response does NOT contain any other tags than those expected?&#xA;I am using plain http requests (no WSDL, schema validation, not SOAP, not REST) and the application protocol is custom for a particular application (POS systems).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking (and started) of creating a custom SOAPUI library with script that contains:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a reference table&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a function that checks if returned tag is on the list (in reference table)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the returned tag is not on the list, then assertion fails&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is: is there a better way to validate that?&#xA;The response XMLs have a lot of fields, some mandatory, some optional and some conditional depending on other (within same request).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14722" LastEditorUserId="14722" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T11:05:17.960" LastActivityDate="2021-04-11T08:06:40.600" Title="How to assert custom XML response does not return any unwanted tags in SOAPUI?" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17969" CreationDate="2016-05-04T11:08:22.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing we found with Safari was that the button wasn't in site becuase it was 'below the fold' and you had to scroll down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our fix with to focus on a nearby element first before clicking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T11:08:22.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18431" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18432" CreationDate="2016-05-04T11:18:38.143" Score="0" ViewCount="1254" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using rspec-capybara for my tests and I am clicking on a button which had been placed there through Javascript (ajax).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clicking on the button works when using WebDrivers for Chrome, Firefox and Internet Explorer, but doesn't work in Safari.  It can't find the button to click on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do our cross-browser testing through Browserstack automation, not sure if that is part of the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using a newer model (2015) Mac.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T11:23:43.787" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T11:23:43.787" Title="Why does my capybara element.click not work in Safari?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;safari&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18431" CreationDate="2016-05-04T11:18:38.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After working on this for a few hours with a colleague and doing some in-browser debugging in Safari we came to the following conclusion:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element was not visible ('below the fold') and Safari was not able to find the element to then click on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The solution was to scroll to the area of the page where the element existed&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by &lt;code&gt;find&lt;/code&gt;ing a nearby element that was present on initial page load, e.g. a nearby &lt;code&gt;find(input#some_id)&lt;/code&gt; to force the scroll.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Then clicking on the button in question (now visible) worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T11:18:38.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18433" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-04T12:39:05.210" Score="3" ViewCount="560" Body="&lt;p&gt;I faced an issue with locating the element. Currently it's impossible to locate it by CssSelector/helptext, but it's located by CssSelector/Id without issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here's the element&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;ctl08_ctl02_ctl03_ctl01_ctl00_ctl02_ctl06_ctl03_ctl01_ctl02_ctl03_sb0x0&quot; class=&quot;dataControl HasHelpText&quot; helptext=&quot;Indicate if currently, or within the past 12 months, the client had any long-term care insurance policies or riders (including healthcare service or health maintenance organization contracts) in force or pending.&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;dataControl HasHelpText&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not working&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;span[helptext='Indicate if currently, or within the past 12 months, the client had any long-term care insurance policies or riders (including healthcare service or health maintenance organization contracts) in force or pending.']&quot;)]&#xA;    private IWebElement ltcQuestion1;&#xA;&#xA;public void click(){&#xA;ltcQuestion1.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[value='False']&quot;)).Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This works correctly&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;span[id='ctl08_ctl02_ctl03_ctl01_ctl00_ctl02_ctl06_ctl03_ctl01_ctl02_ctl03_sb0x0']&quot;)]&#xA;        private IWebElement ltcQuestion1;&#xA;public void click(){&#xA;ltcQuestion1.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[value='False']&quot;)).Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T13:10:53.993" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T10:27:03.767" Title="&quot;Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with&quot; when locating element by CssSelector/helptext" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-05-09T12:17:56.857" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18433" CreationDate="2016-05-04T13:16:30.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing Xpaths and CssSelectors, please open Chrome and its Developer Tools (by pressing F12).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the console screen, you can enter the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;your xpath here&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$$(&quot;your Css selector here&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After pressing Enter, the console will list all elements matching your query.&#xA;This is the easiest method to test and fix any mistakes in your selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;On a side note:&lt;/strong&gt; why would you even try finding an element by an elaborate attribute rather than by its ID?&#xA;If you want to check if the helptext is correct, use an Assert method in your flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T13:16:30.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-04T13:40:52.557" Score="0" ViewCount="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I have a task to validate set of reports which is developed by using the logianalysis tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone let me the idea to validate the reports through an interface level as well as data level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there is any automation tool is available in the market to make this task easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-05-04T13:47:46.780" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T13:47:46.780" Title="Reports verification" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-05-06T14:49:41.123" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18433" CreationDate="2016-05-04T14:44:29.717" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resolved. Quite a newbie error. I should use only firebug to find xPath. Like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;/html/body/div[1]/form/div[3]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr[3]/td/div/span/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/div/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/div/table/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/div/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/span[1]&quot;)]&#xA;        private IWebElement ltcQuestion1;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18126" LastEditorUserId="18126" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T10:27:03.767" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T10:27:03.767" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17872" CreationDate="2016-05-04T18:32:02.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option is to use shell scripting with a combination of sed, awk and md5 to parse and hash the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-04T18:32:02.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18438" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-04T18:50:47.687" Score="17" ViewCount="62626" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we look at the Protractor architecture, Protractor uses WebDriver JS to call Selenium Webdriver which ultimately calls browser driver and then browser. Now since Selenium is passing commands to browser driver why can't we just use Selenium to automate Angular pages ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18133" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T14:58:22.783" Title="Why can't we use Selenium Webdriver to test Angular JS sites?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18439" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-05T00:53:55.357" Score="1" ViewCount="3951" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findelement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='js_2y']/div[4]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div/button&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every time I try by locating XPath, it's gives an exception, could not locate element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;May 04, 2016 8:35:29 PM org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions findElement&#xA;WARNING: WebDriverException thrown by findElement(By.xpath: .//*[@id='js_2y']/div[4]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div/button)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it something that can be done using CSS selector. Not sure how to locate it. I see below path for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;_1mf7 _4jy0 _4jy3 _4jy1 _51sy selected _42ft&quot; data-testid=&quot;react-composer-post-button&quot; type=&quot;submit&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18139" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-14T08:54:32.370" LastActivityDate="2019-06-14T08:54:32.370" Title="How to locate Facebook POST button using Java Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18451" CreationDate="2016-05-05T01:54:26.017" Score="0" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm taking a QA course for my undergrad degree and we had to choose an app to test that we haven't used before. We already found several major bugs in the app and was wondering if the mobile app developers of the fairly popular app would be willing to pay us to get the bug report document that my group has to turn in for credit. They released around 2 updates since we have tested and haven't fixed any of the bugs we discovered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm wondering if software startup companies with a large user base would agree to pay us a good amount if we shared all the bugs we found in their app since we spent hours testing and documenting them. The app uses a subscription model or pay a larger sum to get a lifetime subscription. But we don't want the in-app purchases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the app we tested is the most popular Siri alternative. So would they actually be done to reward us for discovering a bunch of bugs in their app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18140" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T12:50:45.693" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T12:50:45.693" Title="Can you get paid for reporting multiple bugs for a mobile app?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-05T16:14:44.107" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18439" CreationDate="2016-05-05T05:59:38.563" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are asking about this post button - try below code to click on post button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5CAFi.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5CAFi.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for this-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement postBtn = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(.,'Post')]&quot;));&#xA;postBtn.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement postBtn = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@class='_1mf7 _4jy0 _4jy3 _4jy1 _51sy selected _42ft']&quot;));&#xA;postBtn.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T05:59:38.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18443" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18445" CreationDate="2016-05-05T07:18:41.240" Score="4" ViewCount="472" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I am running software web application's tests In Firefox Browser using selenium WebDriver, It Is not showing me any bookmarks, addons, saved passwords etc in that browser.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Have you observed this?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do you know why this is with only Mozilla (FF) not in IE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T12:10:13.070" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T12:10:13.070" Title="Firefox does not shows saved bookmarks, addons while launching?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18438" CreationDate="2016-05-05T08:36:32.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My guess will be that the creators of Protractor (which is the same team as AngularJS) just didn't want to switch languages for E2E testing, so they made effort to bring Selenium WebDriver to NodeJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5023" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T08:36:32.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18443" CreationDate="2016-05-05T08:41:06.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;IIRC selenium webdriver creates a fresh FF profile each time it's constructed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12031253/what-profile-does-selenium-webdriver-use-by-default&quot;&gt;a link&lt;/a&gt; about how to set it to a different profile (one where your bookmarks, addons etc. exist)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding IE, I imagine profiles with IE more difficult perhaps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would you want this though? I can maybe understand why you'd want a particular addon to see how it affects your web application, but bookmarks and saved passwords?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16443" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T08:41:06.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18446" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18447" CreationDate="2016-05-05T09:23:12.410" Score="1" ViewCount="3030" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to performance testing. Can Apache JMeter be used to measure the load time for a specific action, such as response time for a button click by simultaneous users. If yes how this is performed using JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-10T07:32:52.683" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T07:32:52.683" Title="Can Apache JMeter be used to measure the load time for a specific action" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18446" CreationDate="2016-05-05T10:02:38.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to performance testing!! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, you have to be clear about that a specific action (like a button click) is a &lt;strong&gt;POST&lt;/strong&gt; request. So, if you want to measure the Response time of that request, just add a &lt;strong&gt;HTTP sampler&lt;/strong&gt; in your test script in which you will use &lt;strong&gt;Method: POST&lt;/strong&gt;. You can send some parameters manually!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can make your script manually or either use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To see your results, add a listener like &lt;strong&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/strong&gt; in your script and then run your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is suggested that For the very first time you should use these values In the &lt;strong&gt;Thread Group&lt;/strong&gt; section : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Number of threads (users)= 1,Ramp-Up Period=1,Loop count=1&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start making your script like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gtRqF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gtRqF.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope, this will satisfy your query!! If you need any other help, I will be happy to help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="17428" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T10:12:36.853" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T10:12:36.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18448" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18468" CreationDate="2016-05-05T11:37:35.183" Score="1" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to validate the ePub file using selenium webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17334" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T01:01:01.497" Title="Validating ePub File using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;validation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-05-06T12:23:15.213" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18449" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-05T11:39:13.720" Score="0" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to check after I search for any product, there is whole list of products dispayed on page. I want to check Add to Cart button is displayed for each product. How do I check it??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18148" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T12:18:20.270" Title="Assert Add to cart is diplayed for each product" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18449" CreationDate="2016-05-05T12:18:20.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Find the common denominator to find the elements for the product by (preferably including the Add to Cart button) and then iterate over the Array/List/Enumerable and verify that it contains the Add to Cart button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T12:18:20.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18440" CreationDate="2016-05-05T12:22:02.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is highly unlikely unless they have a bug bounty program or crowd sourced testing that you could participate in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically most companies, especially start ups, get defects reported on a rather regular basis from end-users for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T12:22:02.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18452" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18472" CreationDate="2016-05-05T12:39:54.527" Score="2" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to compare the levels of test coverage for projects before and after implementing an automation framework. I would like to know if there has been an increase or decrease in test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I collected metrics for all projects in regards to test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it just be the avg. test coverage for similar projects before vs. avg. test coverage for projects after implementing the automation framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would it need to be weighted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is this best achieved?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18150" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T05:42:05.200" Title="Comparing test coverage metrics to identify an increase/decrease after implementing automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18454" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18491" CreationDate="2016-05-05T13:24:43.340" Score="1" ViewCount="2760" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a drop down list in application where you can see (in drop down area) only ~5% of all the elements. So I can not find the way to select random value from the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rnPin.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rnPin.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Selection of random item&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working with UFT(QTP) where it is done the next way: get list items count, generate random value according to the quantity of elements and select item by index in list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But Sikuli works only with what is seen on the screen, so how can I select random item?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same problem with Java Table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T14:38:40.170" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T11:20:10.527" Title="Sikuli selection of items in lists" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18438" CreationDate="2016-05-05T14:29:45.757" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do use Webdriver to use Angular pages. So it &lt;strong&gt;IS&lt;/strong&gt; possible, and OP's assumption is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is not easy - not as straightforward as using WebDriver to automate more traditional web pages (which do not use &amp;quot;single page application&amp;quot; concept and DOM manipulation so heavily), where is trivial to add id or name to any element you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Angular uses IDs heavily for interaction and DOM manipulation. As a result, WebDriver tests cannot rely on IDs to locate elements, and locating by name is bit more hassle (non-unique etc). But you can still write tests using WebDriver (that's how Protractor does it after all, under the skin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver tests are Angular-agnostic, they know nothing about Angular and the complicated machinery on the page it uses to manipulate DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor understands Angular and this allows developers to write Protractor-based tests bit easier - and as always, for the price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, price is writing tests in JavaScript, quite a quirky language full of hidden traps, which many prefer to avoid :-) For a good summary of the traps, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://bonsaiden.github.io/JavaScript-Garden/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScript Garden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would assume (based on our experience) developers choose to develop low-level tests in Protractor/JavaScript (to use internals of Angular), but e2e tests in some other less quirky language (in our case, Python), to increase productivity and decrease flakiness. Usually, they already have (or better should have) framework/approach to write e2e tests for non-Angular pages, so pure WebDriver tests for Angular pages are consistent with other e2e tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit (April 2018)&lt;/strong&gt;: Angular2+ is a significant if sneaky change over AngularJS. Angular2+ does not support some AngularJS-specific locator strategies anymore (and has no plans to implement them), so there is even less incentives to use JS (beyond JS unit-tests of Angular stuff). So when talking/reading about &amp;quot;the Angular&amp;quot; you need to be aware of which version we are talking about, they are significantly different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our current strategy is to implement Angular2+ unit-tests (model, basic manipulation), and also single happy-path UI test in JS. More comprehensive UI tests will be in Python/WebDriver. Yes, it is slight duplication of work (locators are both in JS and Python, but locators are trivial). We prefer Python, have lots of code in it, including testing tools/fixtures, which are easier to call from Python than from JS, so we think it is the best compromise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;lt;/edit&amp;gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is why I asked OP about any hands-on experience. For any person with hands-on experience with writing both WebDriver and Protractor tests, it is a matter of taste and preferences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone loves JavaScript, or JavaScript in main/preferred language for the tested application, there is no reason to avoid Protractor. If you prefer NOT to use JavaScript, you know why you want to avoid it, so you do. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... And I am involved in yet another Holy War, people who do like JavaScript are downvoting this answer because I am not equally in love with in their preferred language. Even if I explained what are the exact reason I decided to skip over Protractor (and missing on the benefit from some of it's good features), while using WebDriver to test Angular pages, exactly as OP asked. I thought that the first paragraph will cover it, but apparently it was not enough. :-/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-06T11:09:24.447" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T11:09:24.447" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18456" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-05T15:25:11.753" Score="1" ViewCount="744" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to automate test cases on web browsers and I love the concept of &lt;code&gt;Python's&lt;/code&gt; Salad (mix of &lt;code&gt;Lettuce&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;BDD&lt;/code&gt;) and &lt;code&gt;Splinter&lt;/code&gt; (browser automation)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I've heard that Salad might not be the most stable, and that the &lt;code&gt;Ruby&lt;/code&gt; community is more advanced on &lt;code&gt;Behaviour-Driven Development&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How is &lt;code&gt;Ruby's Cucumber&lt;/code&gt; different from &lt;code&gt;Python's Lettuce&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18153" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2018-02-05T08:18:36.560" LastActivityDate="2018-02-05T08:18:36.560" Title="What's the difference between using Python vs. Ruby for Browser Automation testing?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-06T12:24:22.517" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2016-05-05T15:51:28.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here some points about &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/sikuli&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;sikuli&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;sikuli&lt;/a&gt; I have discovered:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli &lt;strong&gt;can not select by 100% text match&lt;/strong&gt;. So it is extremely difficult to use it in financial applications cause there are not too many different GUI elements, but lots of similar buttons, lists, tables... So how could you select specific string (by its contents) in table with 1000+ rows (only 25 are in a visible area, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/18454/sikuli-selection-of-items-in-lists&quot;&gt;the question about lists &amp;amp; tables&lt;/a&gt;) with tool that works by text recognition. Even if you will find the way to scroll to the item you need here comes the problem to distinguish row with &quot;Economic Community of West African States&quot; from &quot;Economic Community of East African States&quot;. With maximum recognition strength 0,99 they are still the same.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is &lt;strong&gt;unpredictable&lt;/strong&gt;. Some GUI elements can change their skins, colors, images (here is an example of transparency in windows GUI, so the autotest was broken just because of changed background):&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GxmI0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GxmI0.png&quot; alt=&quot;The same object still different colors&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is &lt;strong&gt;fast to learn&lt;/strong&gt;. Need just half of a day to create the first test (navigation through several windows, selecting values in drop down lists, generating report)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli &lt;strong&gt;tests look like comix&lt;/strong&gt;. In native Sikuli IDE test looks like comix, someone can like that but I prefer text instructions :)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nNx4O.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nNx4O.png&quot; alt=&quot;Sikuli test looks like this in Sikuli IDE&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sikuli is &lt;strong&gt;good for testing UI&lt;/strong&gt; with high requirements in &lt;strong&gt;usability&lt;/strong&gt;. E.g. mobile applications, simple web applications where the icons should be easy to distinguish, easy to find. If Sikuli (with default recognition strength) will make a mistake in finding icon, field etc. that means that (most likely) design of them is not that good (so even user could mismatch GUI items).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;When Sikuli (image recognition) is better than Selenium (objects description)&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to check changes in interface&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working with graphical interface (icons, buttons with images...) that should be very clear to user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no easy access to objects properties (e.g. remote desktop. I'm using it in this case)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T14:02:52.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18448" CreationDate="2016-05-05T15:52:01.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No.  Selenium WebDriver is a tool for operating a browser by remote control.  It is not a tool validating ePub files. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is conceivable that you could find a web-based tool for validating ePub files, and that you could operate that tool  using Selenium WebDriver, but I would not recommend testing that way.  If you need to validate an ePub file, I recommend finding a CLI that does the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T15:52:01.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18459" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18466" CreationDate="2016-05-05T16:08:13.103" Score="23" ViewCount="3656" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a reasonably inexperienced developer, and I recently got into a debate with the manager of our current project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a concept demonstration for trial funded internally by our company. After discussing with the project manager while going over the project plan I'd put together he said we didn't want to put any time into testing. It's not a safety critical system, it's just simply reading and analyzing data, and no one will be making any decisions on it that might affect anything because it will just be a trial concept demonstration, no one is buying it yet. Fair enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I think my manager (not prior project manager) was getting pressure to prove we're doing what we say we're doing for project review etc, because he started asking us about what testing we were doing and to record &quot;our testing&quot; in a spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was some confusion. Me and my fellow developer were not comfortable saying we were doing any testing, formally or informally. Our manager seemed to think no testing meant we'd never run any code. We'd used the word 'test' when describing we run the code. You know what it's like, you spend 20% of your time writing some code and 80% of the time trying to work out why it wasn't running properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was arguing this is not testing. My manager was saying this was testing, and if we wrote it down in a spreadsheet with a date we can prove we've done testing in reviews etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cue 2 hours of argument/discussion on what 'testing' means. At the end, I was unwilling to budge and our fundamental disagreement was: When asked if we were doing testing, my answer would be no, and his yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel very uncomfortable moving from this position, my understanding is that testing has more of a formal definition in software development and saying that simply running the code was 'testing' would be misleading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It came down to the guy questioning my experience (I've not got a CS degree) and asking if I would benefit of going on a 'course', which makes me even more uncomfortable. We've had fundamental disagreements in the past that we haven't been able to overcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Would you consider running code during development testing, or would saying that be misleading?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit 09/05/2016&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, what an overwhelming response, I wasn't expecting that. There seems to be more of a divide than I originally considered, with some agreeing that it shouldn't be called testing and is merely development and some saying it is just very limited testing (smoke testing coming up a lot).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most agree that it needs to be qualified with at least some more definition, like &quot;smoke testing&quot; or &quot;development testing&quot; to avoid miscommunication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks everyone for the advice, I think the &quot;Definition of done&quot; that came up will be very valuable in setting expectations. I'm really not sure what answer to mark as &quot;correct&quot;, I think I'll go with the consensus and pick corsiKa's, but I'd like to thank Kate Paulk for perhaps the most helpful regarding advice for my situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18155" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T14:22:50.040" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T05:51:48.543" Title="Does simply running the code during development mean 'Testing'?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-05T16:26:30.933" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without testing, how would you know it works right? And if it does not have to work right, why would you spend resources on it? When it passed tests, it means is is &quot;DONE&quot; - and you need to agree what &quot;DONE&quot; means.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is the difference between Wally (from Dilbert cartoon) saying &quot;it worked for me, my test file in my browser did not crashed&quot; and saying &quot;we can expect it will produce correct results for any input by any of our customers&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the &quot;testing&quot; you did was developing. Code might work for other people processing different input files, or might not. Testing (by other people using different inputs and possibly different workflow) will determine if code is &quot;done&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/multiple-levels-of-done&quot;&gt;Multiple Levels of Done&lt;/a&gt; - you need to find out what is your boss' definition of done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good testing costs resources and time. If you can release &quot;beta version&quot;, your customers will test it for you, give you input files which will break your assumption on input, etc (for no cost to your boss), but there is price: your customers will see failures of your code. &lt;strong&gt;It is business decision&lt;/strong&gt; if it makes business sense to spend resources to present better products to your customers. I.e. first version of Windows which was usable was 3.1, previous versions were junk for beta testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could be a perfectly valid approach to release beta version (without spending too much resources on it), so customers can see the product and try it in &quot;beta&quot; - if they have no expectations for it to work, produce valid input etc (&quot;release early, release often&quot;). It allows you to face customer's expectations before lots of resources were spent on something what customers don't care about. Talk to your boss, we have no idea what s/he wants.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, I would never argue with a boss for two hours like that. Instead, I would ask for time-out to research the differences. It might be that you have different definitions of &quot;done&quot;, and your boss' definition might be perfectly fine for the product you work on. Getting some training in &quot;agile development&quot; would be beneficial for you - google is your friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T17:19:36.270" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T17:19:36.270" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18446" CreationDate="2016-05-05T17:33:40.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually that's all JMeter does - run a request and record response time (and some other metrics like start time, response code, whether request successful or not, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically what any web-browser does is sending &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_httpmethods.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP requests&lt;/a&gt; and displaying the response. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter can do the same as real browser do (apart from rendering and displaying responses) but all the requests can be simulated by &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Samplers&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the following reference material:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#get_started&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter User Manual - Get Started&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html#building&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Building a Web Test Plan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207421695-JMeter-Video-Tutorial-writing-your-first-JMeter-script-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Video Tutorial (Writing Your First JMeter Script)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T17:33:40.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18448" CreationDate="2016-05-05T17:48:12.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't done this, but since &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/IDPF/epubcheck&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;epubcheck&lt;/a&gt; has a CLI &amp;amp; java library, you could incorporate the library with WebDriver &amp;amp; do the validation that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/IDPF/epubcheck/wiki/Library&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;wiki&lt;/a&gt; has an example of how to use it as a library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7472" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T17:48:12.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18456" CreationDate="2016-05-05T18:09:15.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll make the case for Ruby as I'm most familiar with it.  Others can vote up/down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ruby is great because you have rspec and capybara which are widely and heavily used.  There is a huge community of fellow users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main issues I encounter today are are about javascript and ajax calls.  WebDriver doesn't have 100% answers for some of the issues.  I don't know if Python would make any difference as the problems are more about how browsers process javascript and communicate regardless of programming language used to write tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T18:09:15.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-05T18:16:20.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Manual Testing is a large area, I'd break it down into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Do basic functions achieve their purpose when used by the user?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integrated Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Are related services and datastores updated and communicated with correctly? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performance Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How long do responses take?  How many users can be supported simultaneously (load)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exploratory Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Does the system work from a real users perspective?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are similar to the 4 quadrants of Agile testing, note that the tests could be manual or automated, the areas and need are similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-05T21:55:20.293" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T21:55:20.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-05T19:22:17.850" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is really up to your organization and your relationship with your stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most cases, testing is just a label with no specific meaning.  &lt;strong&gt;The ultimate goal is to deliver a high-quality product.&lt;/strong&gt;  &quot;Testing&quot; is just a label for a kind of activity that might help you reach that goal.  You can define that label however you want, but it is your responsibility to deliver something that meets your quality goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, your arrangement with your stakeholders (the people who will interact with your software) may stipulate how and/or when testing should take place.  If you have that kind of arrangement, you will need to use those stipulations to decide whether running software on your desktop meets their definition of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T19:22:17.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-05T19:39:22.583" Score="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method&quot;&gt;A test is an experiment&lt;/a&gt;. You have a hypothesis, which is normally governed by a specification, such as &quot;When I enter a username and password that I know to be valid and click login, I am brought past the login screen and to the dashboard.&quot; or &quot;When I log in to the program with 10,000 simultaneous users, performance is no less than 95% of that when there are 1,000 simultaneous users&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All tests start with this hypothesis. The scope of the hypothesis may be limited to a small portion of the program, like a single function or component. It may involve multiple components. It may contain known good data, known bad data, or random data. There's a lot of different things you can shove into this hypothesis. But whatever it is, the hypothesis comes from a part of the product specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next part of the test is the experiment itself. You perform the action and collect the result. This might be a Selenium or JUnit test. It might be a human clicking buttons. It might be a batch job that does routine checks. But someone has to perform the action and collect observations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the observation is compared to the original hypothesis to determine if it passes. If you can't tell whether or not it passes, then you need to refine the criteria. This is why things like &quot;fun&quot; are so hard to test for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you don't have a &lt;em&gt;formal hypothesis&lt;/em&gt; and a &lt;em&gt;formal comparison of observations to that hypothesis&lt;/em&gt;, then sorry, in my books you're not doing testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a former developer, I can tell you a good rule of thumb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you're trying to make it work, you're developing.&lt;br&gt;If you're trying to make it break, you're testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2016-05-05T19:39:22.583" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-05T20:23:07.243" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is validating a situation on a set of conditions. In your case you validate if it runs, you could say &quot;I am going to test if it builds&quot;. This would mean you are actual testing something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SDLC&lt;/a&gt; perspective you are actual just coding and checking if you think it works and is good enough, this it &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; testing. Testing is actually a bit more structured and hopefully a repeatable way of validating the same. Often it is also a different phase in the life-cycle, unless it is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test-driven development&lt;/a&gt; or an other automated testing effort, which would be exercised parallel with developing code. Test (case) design could be done in parallel, but not by one person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your-case if management wants to really minimize on testing efforts describe which steps have to be taking to release a feature to a production environment in a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mitchlacey.com/intro-to-agile/scrum/definition-of-done&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt;. This definition should include that it builds and that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy_path&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;happy path&lt;/a&gt; of feature is executed to verify it is complete. I guess some developers could build systems without ever running it, but the time of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punched_card&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;punch-cards&lt;/a&gt; is far behind us. You could skip testing efforts like automated, exploratory and or usability testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agree on a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mitchlacey.com/intro-to-agile/scrum/definition-of-done&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;! Minimize it for now and extend it in the future when you run into trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the feeling you are prototyping as you say the following in a comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the point of the project is to develop something and see if it's a&#xA;  viable product&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that because you are taking shortcuts (e.g. skipping testing) you are creating &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TechnicalDebt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;technical debt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. If the product is viable it might need a clean and well tested reimplementation, because taking shortcuts now will mostly lead to a product that is unmaintainable in the long run. Discuss technical debt with your stakeholders so they have a honest view on the future. Selling your minimal testing efforts as testing by placing them in a sheet with a timestamp sounds as lying to yourself and to your stakeholders and clients. Take technical debt as a serious issue. Be warned! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T10:33:42.460" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T10:33:42.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18448" CreationDate="2016-05-06T01:01:01.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;epubcheck will assess whether your file conforms to the epub standards. It doesn't care about your content or your formatting, as long as it conforms to the epub standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An epub file mostly a static web site compressed into zip format (plus some additional metadata). So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You could unzip the content in a directory and use Selenium to examine the HTML pages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some of the epub metadata files are XML-based (e.g. the NCX and OPF files). You might be able to use Selenium to examine some of those. I haven't used Selenium to validate XML stuff that isn't HTML, so I can't comment on its helpfulness there. epubcheck does a thorough job of validating the structure of those but, again, not the content.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have an opinion about whether this approach is worthwhile. But given that some of the content is plain old HTML, it is possible to check it with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T01:01:01.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-06T01:13:32.547" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;TLDR; The specific terminology that probably describes what he is asking for is &lt;strong&gt;smoke testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The long version: You are arguing with your manger instead of working towards a solution.  Terminology is important, but so is communication and getting the job done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You haven't done unit or integration testing, you probably haven't done any performance or usability testing, there are all kinds of specific test that you haven't done -- forget about all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Focus on what is being asked, and not the terminology used. Your manager wants you to document at least some of what you have verified about what you have built.  What have you verified that can usefully be reported?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write something up that gives him what he needs, if there is a specific terminology for what he is asking for, introduce him to it, if there's not, and you are uncomfortable using the word &quot;tested&quot;, then use another word that means what he wants.  Call it verified, examined, checked, inspected, scrutinized or Fred.  Whatever works and makes it clear that you didn't just bang on the keyboard until your hands got tired and then call that done.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, get a clear statement of what &quot;done&quot; means, both for the overall project and for the documentation that he wants from you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17356" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T01:13:32.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18452" CreationDate="2016-05-06T05:42:05.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test coverage and implementation of automation framework are 2 different things. According to me they are not linked directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation frameworks won't write the test scripts on their own. People will be writing the test scripts, which they will later execute using the automation tool/framework.&#xA;The test coverage of test scripts will be as good as the domain knowledge, experience, thought process and test ideas generated by the people writing test script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, a plus point of using an automation framework will be that when you're executing repeatable tasks time and again or for regression testing, people may miss out something, but the scripts will do what they are programmed to do each time in the exact same way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So maybe you may find it helpful that the tool/script is doing the tedious repetition which gives your test people some time to relax and refresh their minds so that they can think better and review the coverage of the tests. They can generate new ideas and improve the existing scripts to gain more coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can compare this by the way you mentioned. Try a project without automation and then try same or similar project with automation and see if it gives your team more time to think and improve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T05:42:05.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12094" CreationDate="2016-05-06T07:33:14.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To switch between windows there are multiple ways to do it. This is what we are using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void switchToNewWindow(int windowNumber) {&#xA;    Set &amp;lt; String &amp;gt; s = driver.getWindowHandles();   &#xA;    Iterator &amp;lt; String &amp;gt; ite = s.iterator();&#xA;    int i = 1;&#xA;    while (ite.hasNext() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; i &amp;lt; 10) {&#xA;        String popupHandle = ite.next().toString();&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(popupHandle);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Window title is : &quot;+driver.getTitle());&#xA;        if (i == windowCount) break;&#xA;        i++;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you call this method just pass the number of windows you want to switch. Say for 2nd window:&#xA;switchToNewWindow(2);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For 4th window:&#xA;switchToNewWindow(4);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As getting window handle name is quite complex and it doesn't work some time because of spaces and special characters in window titles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working as engineers in automated testing services we have to cope up with dynamic contents on the web pages. Above method will work on all applications because we just need to pass the window number(occurrence number of window).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help you.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T08:06:44.963" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T08:06:44.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-06T07:35:31.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;the question is: does running code equal testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if it means launching the code and to observe it runs and loads the page or initial screen, yes, it would be considered a test - a smoke test if you will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but there's more to testing than just a smoke test. as others have mentioned, you would do justice to the project by performing other types of test e.g. functional test or even non-functional tests. There's UI or API testing. Testing against the sw requirements or user stories would be a good place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from what I gather, the project needs at least a Test Lead, snr test analyst or better yet a Test Manager! Then you will have a test process, defect management, test design, test analysis, test strategy &amp;amp; test closure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastEditorUserId="18162" LastEditDate="2016-05-06T09:17:37.410" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T09:17:37.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12503" CreationDate="2016-05-06T08:55:57.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is another tool to record page object model. below is the link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumrecorder.blogspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://seleniumrecorder.blogspot.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18164" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T08:55:57.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-06T11:46:34.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The TL;DR answer: &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The explanation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running code during development, on the developer's machine, is simply iterative development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running it on another system (one that does not have the development environment and does not compile the code first) can be considered smoke-testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, here's what I'd suggest you do, given that your application is a proof-of-concept trial (and my experience with these is that a distressing number of them become production code far too quickly):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before you do anything else, ask your manager what &lt;em&gt;level&lt;/em&gt; of testing he expects. You want to make sure that both of you are using the same definitions or you'll be talking past each other. At this point, it matters less that the definitions are correct than that you are both communicating (which is a bad position to be in, but that's life).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should also ask your manager why there has been a change from the original &quot;no need to test because this is a proof of concept&quot;. That will give you a better idea of why your manager is insisting you document some form of testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If (as I suspect) there is a requirement from further up the food chain that proof of testing be shown, I'd recommend that your proof of testing be something like the following:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List installation version (i.e. you're running the application on a different machine) and the actions performed. Call this a smoke test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each listing in your spreadsheet, enter the modules you covered. So, for instance, you logged in and added a user, then logged out and logged in as that user. Your smoke tests covered login and user management.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a separate listing of all modules in the application and all functions within each module. Yes, it's work, but I suspect you're going to need a certain amount of covering your anatomy here. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include a list of what you have &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; tested, and why (the &quot;why&quot; in your case is going to be &quot;no time&quot;). This list would cover the functions you expect to receive little use, the error handling (which is out of scope for smoke tests), exotic inputs, and so forth. If you're using anything resembling an agile process, &lt;strong&gt;make sure to be explicit that your tests cover only the happy path or steel thread - the minimum set of functionality that makes the application viable with correct inputs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also include in your documentation that you're making no guarantees about what will happen if the application is used in any way outside your happy path testing. In my experience caveats like this get ignored, but they're useful to point to when the blamestorming starts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, good luck. What I'm seeing in your question suggests that the politics in your workplace aren't the best. That's never fun to deal with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T11:46:34.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-06T13:06:06.563" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem is very simply a confusion of semantics. The word &quot;testing&quot; is too broad, hence allowing wildly different interpretations. It just makes no sense to talk about &quot;testing&quot; without saying what you actually mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone mentioned &quot;definition of done&quot;. This is what you are looking for; it is a contract between you and your customer. The DoD can be as fuzzy or specific as you (and your customer, even if it is internal to your company) like. Part of the DoD is a metric of when the software is considered to be &quot;correct&quot;. As long as you and your customer both agree to it, and your code fulfills it, you are in the clear. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your scenario, the metric of your DoD could be: &quot;the compiled program can be started manually with a trivial input on the developers laptop&quot;. For a DoD, that is perfectly acceptable. Everybody will know that the software will likely fail immediately when confronted with the real world, but for a prototype/proof of concept that may just be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18172" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T13:06:06.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18483" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-06T13:58:37.340" Score="3" ViewCount="3882" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any open source automation tool for performance testing for desktop applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load Runner and JMeter are supporting web applications only. I searched in several websites but found no performance testing automation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18173" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-05-07T09:41:04.100" LastActivityDate="2020-09-12T19:51:36.543" Title="Performance testing automation tools for desktop applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18483" CreationDate="2016-05-06T14:54:01.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I haven't tried Desktop application performance testing on my own, but like you, I too had same question (long back) and I ended up with an answer like this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends how your desktop application will generate load? Is there any Network connection involved or any database connectivity involved, if yes then you can put load over the network or database using JMeter/Load runner etc. But if your application is a standalone desktop application then why do you need performance testing of application, one thing you can only do is to limit the Resources of your machine and then test the application and in that case a stopwatch alone is fine to capture timings. Also, the main thing which needs to be verified during performance test of desktop application is Resource Utilization consumed by the desktop application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing is you can check this &lt;a href=&quot;http://united.softserveinc.com/blog/automated-performance-testing-desktop-app/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;, which states the process of how you can performance test desktop application using Sikuli tool (it is open source but I guess not free).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T14:54:01.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18483" CreationDate="2016-05-06T16:31:00.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually it isn't required to do performance testing of desktop applications as they're being used by 1 user only hence visual experience is quite enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if desktop application relies on backend server, i.e. it does network communication over &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP&lt;/a&gt; protocol using an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;API&lt;/a&gt; or displays data from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_database_management_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RDBMS&lt;/a&gt; you might want to test what will be the behaviour of the backend server when several hundreds or thousands of desktop application instances concurrently communicate with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact this scenario isn't different from &quot;usual&quot; web applications testing as you'll need to simulate outgoing requests triggered by multiple desktop application instances and any free and open source tool can be used to cover this scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The long list is available at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/performance.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open source performance testing tools&lt;/a&gt; and the shorter one which highlights the most popular ones is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T16:31:00.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-06T17:10:59.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developing without doing unit testing is, in my experience, similar to taking a used car for a test ride, without taking a look at the engine or any other components.&lt;/strong&gt; Yes, you might make a long ride and experience no issues, but are you confident enough that this car is worth paying for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is how you do your development, it's entirely possible that iteratively running code during your development cycle &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt; be enough to cover a great portion of issues, without writing tests explicitly, for a smaller project. However, in my experience, doing this alone is not enough to ensure the lowest amount of production issues you can ensure as a developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, again, in my personal experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Not doing &lt;strong&gt;unit testing&lt;/strong&gt; while coding (not necessarily TDD, but just testing tiny chunks of code while you code) has a couple of issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By &quot;running and seeing what happens&quot; you observe the system as a &quot;black box&quot;, evaluating its quality through the UI (or whatever results you get from the program). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you write a chunk of code, then try to build, and repeat until you get rid of all the syntax errors. Then you try some inputs and it looks promising. But then you try some other, and it doesn't work - it's time to debug!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on your skills, this might be fun, it's like solving puzzles throughout the day. So, this tiny bug you found in a certain function just happened to manifest itself under right conditions, but the underlying problem is that this tiny function doesn't do what it's supposed to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing tries to catch these errors in functions while you write them, even if those errors would be very hard to provoke in very rare conditions, and that's what adds confidence in your code to your manager and stakeholders. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also efficient - it's very easy to prove a function is doing what it's supposed to do using a couple of quick tests. It also promotes writing code which is easily testable, which is generally as purely functional as possible, with as little state as possible. These functions are easy to test, and you can rest assured they will work in all conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What you are doing while developing is a sort of a manual &lt;strong&gt;integration testing&lt;/strong&gt;. But not doing &lt;em&gt;automated&lt;/em&gt; unit + integration testing means you are risking regression bugs in your commits, and making it harder to refactor your code or safely introduce changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your CI server is running a bunch of tests on each commit, and they are all green, it adds confidence in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refactoring the code is much easier too. Needing to rewrite a part of an app is not so scary if you know there are automated integration tests which will tell you something is broken.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other types of testing (&lt;strong&gt;functional tests&lt;/strong&gt;, like testing user stories, or &lt;strong&gt;performance testing&lt;/strong&gt;) seem to me like obviously separate phases of the development, and you can hardly argue they can be done implicitly while programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18178" LastActivityDate="2016-05-06T17:10:59.753" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18454" CreationDate="2016-05-06T20:16:19.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This going to be a bit cumbersome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The screenshot shows the list, just opened, with the scroll position indicator touching the top arrow up. There are 8 elements visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pseudo code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Until list scroll position indicator touches bottom arrow down:&#xA;- Click list arrow down&#xA;- Add one to list_scroll_count&#xA;Endloop&#xA;&#xA;Scroll back up&#xA;Select random_number between 0 and list_scroll_count&#xA;Scroll random_number down&#xA;Generate random_position between 1 and 8&#xA;Click list item random_position&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T11:20:10.527" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T11:20:10.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18492" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-07T05:19:28.167" Score="0" ViewCount="2962" Body="&lt;p&gt;While developing a script using Page Object Model, we use &lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements(driver,this)&lt;/code&gt; to initialize the webelement.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How this is done and why we pass parameters 'driver' and 'this' ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18185" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-07T19:39:07.723" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:33:41.377" Title="How to use pagefactory in POM? why we pass parameters in pagefactory?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-11T16:26:41.627" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18492" CreationDate="2016-05-07T05:51:46.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Page Factory Pattern is like an extension to Page Object Model , but Page Factory is much enhanced model. To start with, we just need to import package &lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Factory class can be used to make using Page Objects simpler and easier.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use Page Factory pattern to initialize web elements which are defined in Page Objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We should initialize page objects using &lt;code&gt;initElements()&lt;/code&gt; method from PageFactory Class as below, Once we call initElements() method, all elements will get initialized. &lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements()&lt;/code&gt; static method takes the driver instance of the given class and the class type, and returns a Page Object with its fields fully initialized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public HompePage(WebDriver driver) &#xA;{           &#xA;   this.driver = driver; &#xA;   PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now question arise why we use Constructor?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution=&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We should preferably use a constructor which takes a WebDriver instance as its only argument or falling back on a no-arg constructor. An exception will be thrown if the class cannot be instantiated.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Page Factory will initialize every WebElement variable with a reference to a corresponding element on the actual web page based on “locators” defined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Check below code by &lt;strong&gt;using Simple POM&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class BasePage &#xA;{&#xA;private By username = By.id(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;private By password = By.id(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;private By loginBtn = By.name(&quot;loginbtn&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;   public void userLogin(String userName, String password) &#xA;   {&#xA;        driver.findElement(username).sendKeys(&quot;testuser&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(password).sendKeys(&quot;testpassword&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(loginBtn).click();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By using using Page Factory:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class BasePage {&#xA;  @FindBy(id= &quot;username&quot;) private WebElement userName;&#xA;  @FindBy(id= &quot;password&quot;) private WebElement password;&#xA;  @FindBy(id= &quot;login&quot;) private WebElement loginBtn;&#xA;&#xA;  public void userLogin(String userName, String password) {&#xA;    userName.sendKeys(userName);&#xA;    password.sendKeys(password);&#xA;    loginBtn.click();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:33:41.377" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:33:41.377" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18494" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18495" CreationDate="2016-05-07T11:33:16.503" Score="3" ViewCount="2560" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new &amp;amp; started working on selenium from last month. &#xA;I was successfully running script on FF &amp;amp; chrome. &#xA;but when I started to run same script on Win safari It gives browser initilization error.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;what should I do for launching SafariDriver on Windows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18186" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-07T12:21:15.623" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T14:15:22.317" Title="What is the procedure to start Safari browser?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18494" CreationDate="2016-05-07T12:19:48.333" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Launching Safari browser is very easy, just you have to add safariDriver jar in your Windows Safari browser. Check after installation whether this icon is displayed or not?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UA6og.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UA6og.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Yes then it will work.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Steps-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Requirements:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Safari Browser installed&#xA;Selenium WebDriver&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now we have to install SafariDriver extension with below steps.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Manually install the latest Safari extension:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Download &lt;a href=&quot;http://central.maven.org/maven2/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-safari-driver/2.43.1/selenium-safari-driver-2.43.1.jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Safari Driver jar from here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Rename the file to a &lt;code&gt;.zip&lt;/code&gt; file instead of a &lt;code&gt;.jar&lt;/code&gt; file – Unzip it (just double click on it to do so).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In Folder, go to &lt;code&gt;../selenium-safari-driver-2.43.1/org/openqa/selenium/safari&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Double click “&lt;code&gt;SafariDriver.safariextz&lt;/code&gt;” or simple drag this file in browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new SafariDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;Url&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="18186" LastEditDate="2018-05-30T14:15:22.317" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T14:15:22.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18496" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18517" CreationDate="2016-05-07T12:37:20.727" Score="4" ViewCount="5228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new with Selenium.&#xA;Can you please explain What is Object Repository in Automation?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;any example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18186" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-07T13:45:28.323" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T11:44:48.883" Title="What is Object Repository in Automation Testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-07T13:32:31.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run into this exact problem a surprising amount. People in various corners of the business use terms like &quot;data&quot; and &quot;testing&quot; ambiguously without themselves really understanding what they're asking when they utter these terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when we're constructing some throw-away proof of concept, our development plan may not include any period of formal functional testing (because it's not necessary), or regression testing (because there's no prior version to compare with) or even &lt;em&gt;writing&lt;/em&gt; regression tests (because there's not going to be a future version, either&lt;sup&gt;&amp;dagger;&lt;/sup&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But of course this doesn't mean we never actually ran the code. Basic developer-level tests are an inherent part of programming. If you'd never &quot;tested&quot; what you wrote, you would literally be programming blind. At its most extreme, this approach would mean not even performing a check that your code compiles, and in my experience getting something to compile first time is very rare. So &lt;em&gt;obviously&lt;/em&gt; you are going to be doing some amount of testing of your code before you announce that it works and is ready for demonstration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But managers don't always get this. Your project manager will say &quot;why did you spend time on testing? I said not to&quot;. And then when you decide &quot;okay I won't count that as 'testing' because it was just basic development sanity checks&quot; your line manager comes to you wondering why &amp;mdash; and &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; &amp;mdash; you haven't done any testing at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point I find it's best to &lt;em&gt;qualify&lt;/em&gt; the word &quot;testing&quot; by replying with a sentence. Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We haven't done a formal test run (and aren't planning to because it's a Proof of Concept), but my basic development-level tests show that it works well enough for the demo tomorrow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth noting that since your line manager asked you for a spreadsheet of test results, that suggests to me that you actually &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; expected to do some formal testing. In that case, he is actually disagreeing with the project manager and you should refer them to each other to figure out what they want your team to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;dagger;&lt;/sup&gt; Hahaha yeah right. Proofs of concept always end up evolving into real products. Management always ruins things by making that happen. Nowadays I try not to cut corners even on a proof of concept, because that's the best way to give yourself a tremendous ton of technical debt on the &lt;em&gt;first&lt;/em&gt; version of your product.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15872" LastActivityDate="2016-05-07T13:32:31.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5059" CreationDate="2016-05-07T23:17:44.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;A Page Object approach can be thought of as giving and using names for commonly used pieces of HTML pages.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you identify a button in three places this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find('button#primary_driver_stage1')&#xA;...&#xA;click('button#primary_driver_stage1')&#xA;...&#xA;click('button#primary_driver_stage1')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are now three problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It's hard to read&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It repeats some element/attributes that might change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any updates would have to be done in 3 places.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Page Object approach solved this by giving the HTML DOM identifying elements/attributes a name, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;primary_driver_stage1='button#primary_driver_stage1'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then this is used in the code, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find(primary_driver_stage1)&#xA;...&#xA;click(primary_driver_stage1)&#xA;...&#xA;click(primary_driver_stage1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and when it needs to updated for example to be a div instead of a button you can just update&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;primary_driver_stage1='div#primary_driver_stage1'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Store these defintions in one place and include them in the test spec and then the spec doesn't need to change when the page does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-07T23:17:44.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18496" CreationDate="2016-05-07T23:23:27.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's where you define objects (meaning the HTML definition of web page parts) and how they are grouped into application pages and page sections that represent logical groupings of information in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/object-repository/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;See details here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Think of a scenario where you have a Webpage and it has multiple sections, multiple frames and hundreds of WebElements. Obviously you do not want that once you type the page name and it will give you all the elements available on the webpage. If there are few elements, it is fine to have the same structure but if there are many then it is advisable to divide your page in to different sections for e.g. header, footer, left navigation, center content and right navigation. Then categories each WebElement under their parent element.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="18186" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T11:44:45.430" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T11:44:45.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18501" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-08T14:55:10.373" Score="3" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;Error guessing is known to be one way of knowing the error from previous experiences. however, it's a technique that usually testers perform if all other formal techniques (like Whitebox testing or other blackbox testing) failed to identify the error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: Assuming that I have automatic bus door that opens once the bus arrives at the station for people with disabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is as follows: What kind of errors can take place (in the scenario above) and can be detected only by guessing not any other formal techniques?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18194" LastActivityDate="2016-05-08T14:55:10.373" Title="What errors that can't be detected by testing techniques but rather by guessing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-09T15:13:22.423" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18503" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-08T17:07:31.663" Score="1" ViewCount="20439" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a simple question as I am just getting into Test Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to develop Cucumber smoke tests and acceptance tests as they would be easy to read and understand for my colleagues. Unfortunately, I am using TestNG and Cucumber is in Junit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not interested in using Junit in my testing overall but I am okay with using for Cucumber acceptance/smoke tests but I don't have any practical experience with this. Would it be convoluted or difficult to use Junit just with Cucumber tests and TestNG with all of my other lower level tests ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18197" LastActivityDate="2019-02-17T06:38:53.353" Title="Cucumber and TestNG integration" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18506" CreationDate="2016-05-08T22:36:38.930" Score="0" ViewCount="6280" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saw few questions about this but I think that they are not giving the answer that I'm seeking since all of them were using Select class and I can't use that class since the drop-down is not using select tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I can click and I can display all the options that are available in my drop-down list but I can't display the count for all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have this code for displaying all the options of my drop-down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allText = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div/div/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div[3]/form/div/ul/li[1]/span/ul&quot;));&#xA;   for ( WebElement element: allText) { &#xA;       System.out.println(element.getText());&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I can't display count for all the options in the list. &#xA;I used this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(allText.size());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;on different places in the codebut it always showed 1.&#xA;What should I use in order to show the count for all the elements in the drop-down ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML for the list looks something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;dropdown-menu&quot; role=&quot;menu&quot;&amp;gt;        &#xA;                        &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a pid=&quot;null&quot; ng-click=&quot;option = null&quot; href=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Option 0&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;                 &#xA;                        &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a pid=&quot;1&quot; ng-click=&quot;option = 1&quot; href=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Option 1&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;               &#xA;                        &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a pid=&quot;2&quot; ng-click=&quot;option = 2&quot; href=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Option 2&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a pid=&quot;3&quot; ng-click=&quot;option = 3&quot; href=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Option 3&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a pid=&quot;4&quot; ng-click=&quot;option = 4&quot; href=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Option 4&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;                  &#xA;                     &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I need to get the number 5 for the count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6427" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T07:33:08.563" Title="Webdriver - Get the count of elements from li drop-down?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17988" CreationDate="2016-05-08T23:04:27.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a matter of fact for drop down list, in Selenium we have Select class.&#xA;To use this select class you have to use import statement-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This Select class has several methods that are supported to access the elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ByVisibleText&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ByIndex&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By.Id&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ByValue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select dropDown1 = new Select(element1);            &#xA;dropDown1.selectByIndex(2);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18200" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T11:19:46.350" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T11:19:46.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18504" CreationDate="2016-05-08T23:23:08.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is 1 &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;UL&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element, multiple &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;LI&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Use xpath to the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;LI&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; not the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;UL&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should end up with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allText = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div/div/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div[3]/form/div/ul/li[1]/span/ul/li&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T13:06:35.617" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T13:06:35.617" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18507" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T00:17:22.273" Score="1" ViewCount="991" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to use GoogleTest to run unit tests on my project. In my solution I have three projects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The GoogleTest project, which is a static library&#xA;My Project Under Test, an executable&#xA;My Project containing my Unit Tests, an executable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/grhui.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/grhui.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;﻿﻿&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Tests run fine, but only if I manually include the .h &amp;amp; .cpp files from my project under test into my Unit Tests project. I'd like to avoid this step, is there some what to do this? Please if I'm neglecting to mention any important details just let me know. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Error I receive if I don't manually include these files is:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IozQW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IozQW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18204" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:11:47.500" Title="GoogleTest with Visual Studio 2015" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18496" CreationDate="2016-05-09T02:42:45.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Object repositories are a collection of UI/Application object data recorded by the testing tool while exploring the application under test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T02:42:45.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18483" CreationDate="2016-05-09T04:11:16.760" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When testing a desktop application if you stumble upon the idea/request to do performance testing, ask a few questions (to yourself if not others),&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why do you want to do performance testing of a desktop application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the application make HTTP requests to a remote system/server?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and there may be more questions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application makes HTTP requests to server and database located remotely, you can get the HTTP requests from the developers and use Loadrunner or Jmeter to generate load for performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application is really a standalone application and it doesn't make connection requests and/or get data from a remote server, then you need to think of different things that you can do as part of performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can run the application on a system with low resources and again on a system with high resources and compare the performance. Here, resources means the CPU capacity, RAM, Disk I/O, Disk Space occupied, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can run other application and then run your application under test and check how much resources it takes up. Does the application continue to operate seamlessly or does it hang up or show signs of delay?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can click randomly on the desktop window very frequently and check if it hangs or breaks or produces an error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the application requires a certain system library/file/application to perform a certain action. If the same thing is required by another application, try running both simultaneously.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, you can think of other scenarios to do performance testing of the desktop application. For such kind of testing you can use system monitoring tools, for example, in Windows systems you can use the Performance tab of the Task Manager to keep track of the system's resource occupancy and performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You see performance testing is not only about generating a load of x number of requests made by users simultaneously. It has many other sides as well. Put on your thinking hat and think of scenarios for doing performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T04:11:16.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18138" CreationDate="2016-05-09T04:52:05.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are doing a load test on an application, there is a lot that you have to take into consideration,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CPU utilization over time with consistent load.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RAM utilization over time with consistent load.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disk I/O  utilization over time with consistent load.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network I/O utilization over time with consistent load.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not just the server's CPU and RAM but its network and disk I/O are also important. You also need to see what amount of requests choke up the port that your application is using for communication. CPU and RAM will be utilized if the request reaches them for execution. What if the port is not able to handle the amount of load you are hitting it with? In that case it will throw errors like socket timeouts. Each request has a certain execution life time (connection timeout) within which if the response is not received, you are bound to get a timeout error. So check your port capacity and the disk and network I/O.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T10:01:59.440" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T10:01:59.440" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18511" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18526" CreationDate="2016-05-09T05:31:09.347" Score="1" ViewCount="15299" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the root of the test directory, I have this &lt;code&gt;setting.robot&lt;/code&gt; file which includes the global variables used in all test suites and test cases. This file has been used as &lt;code&gt;resource&lt;/code&gt; in all test cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Variables ***&#xA;${Variable1}       value1&#xA;${Variable2}       value2&#xA;${Variable3}       value3&#xA;${Variable4}       value4&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now suppose this is the test hierarchy I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- Suite1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ------ Test1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ------ Test2&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  -- Suite2&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ------ Test3&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ------ Test4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might need to change the value of &lt;code&gt;${Variable1}&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;Test1&lt;/code&gt;, so in the &lt;code&gt;setup&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;Test1&lt;/code&gt; I use this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set Global Variable    ${Variable1}    NewValue&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with this approach is the I am changing the value globally, and this will affect the other tests. Another solution is to use &lt;code&gt;Set Variable&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${Variable1}=    Set Variable    NewValue&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with this method is that this variable change does not affect the lower level &lt;code&gt;user keywords&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Prior to Robot Framework 2.9 variables in the local scope leaked to&#xA;  lower level user keywords. This was never an intended feature, and&#xA;  variables should be set or passed explicitly also with earlier&#xA;  versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how can I have global variables which can be changed per test case when needed without affecting other tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6708" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T14:18:46.963" Title="RobotFramework: Global variables which change only locally" Tags="&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18512" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T05:32:40.880" Score="1" ViewCount="1801" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to start with selenium, so please suggest me which language is good for automation testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18206" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T12:14:06.890" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T12:14:06.890" Title="Which Programming Language is more supportive to start with Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;languages&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2016-05-09T12:28:18.303" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18512" CreationDate="2016-05-09T05:38:02.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium has bindings for the most common languages (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;) so use the one either you know best, and/or the one your development team uses for easier integration in the development cycle and common use of tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T05:38:02.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11922" CreationDate="2016-05-09T05:38:11.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may have to do with the way your application is built. Apparently, your application doesn't throw an error (validation error) when the duplicate credentials are used to register. Ideally, there should be an error (4xx) in such cases. Just because your script got executed and there is all green in the View Results in Tree listener doesn't mean Users got registered. Do check the request and response in the View Results in Tree listener.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can try hitting the same endpoint (URL) using a Rest Client tool like POSTMAN. If the endpoint gives 200 or 201 on use of duplicate credentials for registration, then ask the developer to fix it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T05:38:11.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-09T06:08:40.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'd have to be nuts to go along with your &quot;manager&quot;'s approach to &quot;testing&quot;.  I write lots of complex code, and I can certainly go along with holding off on testing for a while -- at a prototype stage, clarifying requirements, data formats, type specifications, and so forth, are a more productive use of time (arguably).  Testing is not magic and it doesn't prove code is well-designed or well-implemented -- but it does serve a purpose, especially when (for example) there are multiple projects pursuing a similar problem space, so passing most of a test suite becomes a goal for a project to aim for (it's a way of clarifying which projects are at a more experimental stage and which are close to being usable).  When designing your own test suite (rather than using a pre-established one, say for a project porting something to a new platform, etc.), testing can send a similar signal -- its a sign that your code, classes, types, interfaces, and so forth, are clearly established enough that unit (and other kinds of) tests are worth doing.  Your project may not be at that stage, probably by design.  Testing may simply be unnecessary under the current circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can't use the fact that the English word &quot;testing&quot; is overloaded, as an excuse to misrepresent your actions.  No responsible programmer would call &quot;running code to make sure it works&quot; testing in the professional sense, even though it sort of fits the word &quot;testing&quot;.  No one in a software development context thinks that &quot;testing&quot; would refer to, say, taking a quiz in school.  Words have meanings in context, and &quot;testing&quot; means something specific in the context where you're using it.  To call plugging info into a spreadsheet, as you've described it, a record of &quot;tests&quot;, would be to exploit a linguistic accident for nefarious or at least irresponsible ends, which might be a necessary evil when, say, negotiating a peace treaty, but not in the genteel world of computer professionals.  &quot;Stakeholders&quot; don't get to change the meanings of words.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a programmer, I find the suggestion that you go &quot;take a course&quot; to be offensive -- if anyone needs a refresher course, it's your manager, sounds like.  To misquote &quot;Come Out Ye Black and Tans&quot;, &quot;Get out of here and take your bloody spreadsheets&quot;.  It seems he's slouching off on you his own responsibility to push back against the pressure to demonstrate testing being done in the first place.  There are professional standards that trump the chain of command, and you can't avoid them by making stuff up.  Either you to your manager, or him to his boss, or somewhere up the line, someone has to say that you as developers are bound by these standards, and no-one has the right to pressure you otherwise.  I obviously don't know much about your workplace -- whether you're unionized, and so forth -- but you're describing abusive treatment which shall not be tolerated.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you continue to use forums like this to describe the situation if it does not improve.  There's been more and more stories about improper treatment of programmers in professional settings, often driven by supervisors who are not sufficiently well-informed technically (I hate to imply that that's somehow a failing, but lack of requisite knowledge does become an issue when it causes someone to behave unreasonably from a position of authority).  This kind of thing belies the notion -- which is unfortunate, because it's probably not wholly wrong -- that the IT world is disproportionately civic and progressive. (&quot;Anytime anyone upsets the status quo / You're stabbed in the back by the so-called liberal wh**es&quot; -- Black 47 [thanks to a responder for observing that a direct quote of these lyrics involves an offensive term -- part of the point in the original context, but ...])  We as programmers need a better infrastructure to stand up to such treatment, and your case could symbolically serve a demonstration of a community of computer professionals becoming more attuned to collective mutual support, and more militant in requiring a rational, scientifically literate, and respectful workplace.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Stakeholders&quot; don't have an &lt;em&gt;a priori&lt;/em&gt; right to their (hugely profitable) IT universe, and the privilege of commercial success is earned by respecting the scientific methods and knowledge which coders and researchers have achieved.  Stakeholders (in tech settings, anyhow) only exist because developers agree to produce code, and we always do so provisionally.  Sounds like you're dealing with some bureaucrats who need to be reminded of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18208" LastEditorUserId="18208" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T06:57:12.360" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T06:57:12.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18512" CreationDate="2016-05-09T06:17:34.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Selenium supports various programming languages like &lt;strong&gt;Java, Perl, Python, Ruby, C#(.Net)&lt;/strong&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it's mainly up to you. You should choose the language itself, and not the bindings.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you were to force me to name the language you should use- &lt;strong&gt;JAVA&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I would have to give you the famous then-&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Java&lt;/strong&gt; is a my first choice to start with Selenium(even if it is a bit more difficult)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learning Java is useful for learning other non-functional testing types like performance testing (JMETER allows using Java for bean shell scripts) and API testing (SOAP UI allows using Groovy, a flavor of Java, for assertions).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;java seems to be still the most popular language on the job market.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some people says that Ruby and Python are easier to learn and suggest to learn Java later.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you should learn it anyways, Since Selenium itself is developed in Java so why not start with it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Java holds an advantage because it is widely used, and easily finding examples on Google to help you out when you’re stuck is a plus.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Finally its upto you, All languages have their pros and cons. One is not better or worse than any other. It really does depend on your situation and what you are trying to accomplish.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T09:09:10.253" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T09:09:10.253" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18496" CreationDate="2016-05-09T06:27:56.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Object Repository is a centralized location where we can store objects information, it acts as interface between Test script and application in order to identify the objects during the execution.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We always recommend using external file for object repository rather than hard coding the objects and its properties directly into our code. If you are asking me why this is?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Reason is as it reduces the maintenance  effort and provides positive ROI, for example say any of the object properties change within our application under test, we can easily change it in external object repository file, rather than searching and doing updates  for that object individually in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;EX: we use a &lt;strong&gt;.properties file in Java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T05:35:34.633" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T05:35:34.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18426" CreationDate="2016-05-09T06:54:55.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Problem Solved,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we had to run the java &amp;amp; the jenkins-slave.exe (Service) with a specefied user, not as system User.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18111" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T06:54:55.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18522" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T11:58:22.227" Score="2" ViewCount="4852" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to conduct a performance test on Azure website and the Users count is '200000'. Can anyone suggest me the configuration for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18221" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T10:36:50.037" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T10:36:50.037" Title="How to Conduct a performance test using jmeter for 100000 users" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18523" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T12:33:17.103" Score="2" ViewCount="277" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate one of site and the below are the HTML code for same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;http://register.rediff.com/register/register.php?FormName=user_details&quot;&amp;gt;Create a Rediffmail account&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to construct XPath for &quot;Create a Rediffmail account&quot; hyperkink &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I construct XPath so it will display 2 match element: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//a[starts-with(@href,'http://register.rediff.com/register/register.php?FormName=user_details')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are two match element for above link how can I click only &lt;code&gt;&quot;Create a Rediffmail account&quot;&lt;/code&gt; hyperlink?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18222" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-01T11:39:10.413" LastActivityDate="2019-07-01T11:39:10.413" Title="How to locate XPath for given tag?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-16T13:09:31.427" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18522" CreationDate="2016-05-09T12:51:09.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to simulate 200000 Users you need to set the number of threads as 200000. If there are input parameters for a User you need to prepare a data sheet in a CSV and Use that CSV in Jmeter via CSV Data Set Config. You can give the variable names in the CSV Data Set Config and the use the same in your sampler (http) requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In-essence, number of threads equals to number of Users. If you want all the threads to act at the same time (in a second) you should keep the ramp up time as 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T12:51:09.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18523" CreationDate="2016-05-09T13:07:19.570" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may use this-  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath1= //a[contains(.,'Create a Rediffmail account')] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath2=//a[contains(@href,'details')]  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath3=.//*[@id='toprightinfo']/a[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you try with other Locator types as-&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;LinkText&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check I have tried &amp;amp; found 1 match xpath-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aTWSk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aTWSk.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T13:07:19.570" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18511" CreationDate="2016-05-09T13:37:51.077" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have a Robot Framework environment to test right now but I think you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;BuiltIn.Set test variable    ${variable1}    value&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18224" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-07T14:18:46.963" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T14:18:46.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18522" CreationDate="2016-05-09T16:37:46.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The general rule of thumb is that one jmeter (loadrunner/etc) user is worth at least 10 &quot;real&quot; users insomuch as they're pounding relentlessly and far faster than an actual human.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming this, it reduces your needed users from 200,000 to 20,000.  Still a very, very large number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used amazon web services to scale load tests far beyond what a single machine would do.  Using some glue scripts, I imagine you could do something similar with azure.  (use azure to test azure!)  Use one machine to control a number of slave machines each running your load test code.  10 azure vms running 2000 users each would hit the 20,000 user mark above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even without automation, 10 vms is still within the realm of feasible to configure and control manually.  A bit of a pain, yes.  But still possible.  (vs, say, 100 machines)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17782" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T16:37:46.590" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18528" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T16:51:49.840" Score="2" ViewCount="618" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a client that's developing a system that allows any user within range to connect and use the service. A router will be on-site and allow anybody within range to connect via WiFi. A virtual &quot;line&quot; will be in place to service users on a first-come-first-serve basis. When the user connects, they are placed at the end of the line and must wait for the users ahead of them. I need to simulate about 30 devices connected and in the queue. My first thought was to use JMeter, but the system will only see 1 device. Is there a way to simulate multiple devices being connected to a router without actually using the physical devices?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15403" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T16:51:49.840" Title="How can I simulate the connection of multiple devices at once?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18529" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T17:38:59.437" Score="2" ViewCount="697" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I know we have selenium IDE tool to record and playback our automation script..while recording in ide some Ajax function and date pickers are not working properly..I want to know is there is any other tool like IDE to record &amp;amp; play back my scripts..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18229" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T05:55:10.313" Title="Automation tool with record &amp; playback option" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-06-01T15:17:14.913" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T17:47:10.073" Score="0" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need some good statistics on how much effort do people spend on an average software bug. We assume that there is some interface between users and developers and wish to calculate just the bug costs, not the followup costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long does it take an average user to report an average bug?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long does it take an average developer to fix an average bug?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need real numbers, with or without error bars. These may be given in hours or in currency such as USD or EUR, if you feel it more appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We wish to count only the time the user/developer actively do something useful, such as asking for more information and supplying it, saying thanks, coding, etc., but not just sit-and-wait times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good literature references and good analyis is welcome. I know that good numbers are difficult to come up with, that error margins can be large, an that the answer is industry-dependent, but please &lt;strong&gt;no bullshit&lt;/strong&gt;. Of course, the terms &quot;user&quot;, &quot;developer&quot;, &quot;bug&quot;, &quot;average&quot;, &quot;report&quot;, &quot;fix&quot;, &quot;industry&quot; ... are imprecise; you may make these terms precise if you wish to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user18230" LastEditorDisplayName="user18230" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T17:35:04.350" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T17:35:04.350" Title="How much effort do people spend on reporting/fixing a bug in hours/currency?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-05-11T08:22:56.080" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18536" CreationDate="2016-05-09T18:43:02.117" Score="1" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;My QA team is being denied access to the QA environment. Yes, really.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a precedent for this? A good reason? Is it as monumentally stoopid as I think it is? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any resources or studies which show this to be a standard in the industry? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, my searches haven't turned up anything, because you know, the environment is NAMED for the team that uses it, so it goes without saying. That's my theory anyway. Still, I hope someone might have something I can provide or point to in making the case for access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18231" LastEditorUserId="18231" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T19:04:22.747" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T21:24:21.707" Title="QA Access to QA is Being Denied" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="17" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-10T01:12:17.417" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18529" CreationDate="2016-05-09T18:56:08.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many. UFT within HP ALM is one such application. You should be able to google them, and find something that will meet your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18231" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T18:56:08.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18533" CreationDate="2016-05-09T19:51:31.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is all about communication. Find out what your new responsibilities are under new management, and how to gain the access you will need to fulfill these responsibilities. Possibly there are many good posts about navigating office politics on &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ie on my job they removed my access from linux box to Windows desktop where I run browser for selenium test. It was pain, but found out how to set up PuTTY session from desktop to linux box which allowed reverse tunnel from linux back to desktop. It was easier that to argue with our corporate Mordacs (Dilbert cartoon has a character Mordac - The preventer of information services)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://computerguys.sg/2014/04/do-you-have-a-mordac-in-your-it-department/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://computerguys.sg/2014/04/do-you-have-a-mordac-in-your-it-department/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:48:41.417" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T19:51:31.623" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18533" CreationDate="2016-05-09T21:24:21.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The 'case' for access is doing your job. If your job responsibilities aren't documented that that's the first thing you need to do - sit down with your management and agree on the job responsibilities. They you can talk about what you will need to do in order to do your job. one example: access the QA server to test x.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However we can't really answer this question, as posed here, without knowing a lot more about your group, its responsibilities, what they are supposed to be testing, how they are testing, what the product is, etc, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a list of things that you are responsible for and the access prevents any of them it really isn't your problem &lt;em&gt;to fix&lt;/em&gt;, it's your responsibility to explain it to management in terms they can understand so they can fix the access for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do all of this calmly and with smiles.  Apologize if you can't test due to access.  Tell them you feel genuinely bad you can't do your job.  Avoid anger, sarcasm, etc, etc. as it will only hurt you in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T21:24:21.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18529" CreationDate="2016-05-09T21:27:07.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;GhostInspector is another tool I use for UI testing. &lt;a href=&quot;https://ghostinspector.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://ghostinspector.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I find that all tools and framework struggle with ajax and explicit/implicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T21:27:07.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-09T22:00:02.383" Score="4" ViewCount="2059" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in a 10 man team, and I am the only QA in the team. I am new to the team and I have already put a QA process in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My process is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Development (will wait till the development phase is done)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA will do the testing&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA will create test cases off of the developer's story and what I see on the existing app(yes, the team does not have any documentation at all, including requirements)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA will then execute test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA will assign bugs to developers; developers reassign bugs for a retest to QA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA will certify an app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA will report the summary to the Project manager and developer, giving the 'go' sign for production deployment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then repeat the process to the next project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know, for a fact, that I still lack something in the process. Since documentation is not there, which is the business documents/process documents, is it practical for me to create these documents first before creating all these test cases? We don't have a business analyst/writer. Is there anything I could improve on the process? Feel free to comment on my existing process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:46:46.910" LastActivityDate="2020-03-21T01:42:33.683" Title="How to organize a QA Process/Department?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18529" CreationDate="2016-05-09T22:02:26.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally used HP UFT and Ranorex and tried TestStudio from Telerik and TestComplete from SmartBear. If you're doing black box testing the only realistic way I found to check if an Ajax event is completed is doing what the user will do: to check for visual cue, most of the time a new object created or removed from the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of those tools have trouble tracking automatically the objects, if that's the case using XPath can help, XPath is supported by all the software I tried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also know a few people that use image recognition as the last resort to track an object, I don't know if that's possible with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T22:02:26.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-05-09T22:24:23.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO most obvious hole in your process is missing bug tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get one free, like TRAC. It includes wiki for technical documentation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every feature should start as a bug in bug tracker. Get developers write whatever thoughts they wave to bug and/or wiki pages linked, so few months later you will be able to recall what assumptions developers made when coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug tracker will force some process/workflow. Then you can start thinking and talking how you need to tweak it to fit needs of your group, and what other tools you need to involve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-05-09T23:12:30.820" LastActivityDate="2016-05-09T23:12:30.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-05-09T23:24:35.113" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some major red flags here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're only going to any testing after development is completely done? If this is development of a single feature, that's fine. If this is for an entire sprint worth of data, that's dangerous. You do not want to wait two weeks before sending a bug report to a developer. When I was developing I could barely remember what I worked on a day or two ago, much less weeks ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process of assigning bugs to developers doesn't seem like it should be QA's responsibility. Rather, you should send bug reports &lt;em&gt;to development&lt;/em&gt; and let &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt; decide who is going to work on a certain bug. That's for the development manager to decide, not QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't make any mention of any formalized testing to be done by the development team. Are they going to be crafting unit tests around bugs you send back? The most common place for a bug to crop up is where one has already cropped up before, so get your developers to create unit tests. Ideally they're creating unit tests as they develop (or even before) but we know the world isn't ideal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2020-03-21T01:42:33.683" LastActivityDate="2020-03-21T01:42:33.683" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-05-09T23:37:30.560" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you have described is typical of a 'waterfall' approach to software design.&#xA;There are some circumstances where this is appropriate, for example, the y2k bug and I have been on such projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However most development today is done with a more modern, typically 'Agile' process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that you consider the following Agile process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;devs and QA and product meet weekly to review new tickets, bugs and chores and score them for the degree of difficulty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;devs and QA meet (before dev starts work) to consider tests, testing and a test plan if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;devs write the code and the unit tests that verify it. Tests are NOT optional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;devs and/or QA write integrated and UI tests. Tests are NOT optional or 'ideally done'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA perform extra testing manually on a representative variety of devices and applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;work is demoed to product and when they are ready merged into master.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;everyone can enter bugs and they are reviewed weekly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA acts more as a service to help than a gatekeeper to pass/fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;everyone gets training in Agile with a short/long term ScrumMaster on-site&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use a bug/feature/chore tracker as mentioned by Peter.  Consider Trello, Pivotal Tracker and Jira&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;all members sit together for 0 communication lag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use a good IM tool.  The hot new standard is slack.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a comprehensive list (see resources below) but the key idea here (and I've certainly experienced it over decades of development) is that once the feature is written, with accompanying tests, it's relatively unlikely for the developer to want to start tearing it apart and trying different things based on ideas from others whether they are good or bad.  So the earlier the input that the QA team can give the cheaper it is to do it, i.e. the cost of changes rises over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other resources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_testing&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.amazon.com/Agile-Testing-Practical-Guide-Testers/dp/0321534468&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:48:01.523" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:48:01.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18523" CreationDate="2016-05-10T03:52:35.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Mozilla FireFox.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Firebug add-on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install FirePath add-on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browse your webpage in FireFox.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hit F12. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click FirePath tab.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inspect the element for which you want to get the Xpath.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy the xpath from the FirePath console.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's really this simple!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T03:52:35.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18522" CreationDate="2016-05-10T04:10:36.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First of all you won't be able to create such a load from a single machine, go for &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Distributed Testing&lt;/a&gt; when one JMeter server orchestrates multiple slave machines (load generators) executing the same script at the same time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given your site lives at Azure it's better to test it from Azure and preferably the same region to &lt;a href=&quot;https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/pricing/details/data-transfers/#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;avoid traffic charges&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can reduce number of virtual users by considering the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;real users don't hammer the server non-stop, they need some time to &quot;think&quot; between operations. Time to load the page is also added to &quot;think&quot; time where user is &quot;idle&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;depending on site nature it might be the case that the user clicks a link or does something i.e. 3 times per minute. So 200k users will send 600k requests per minute which is 10k requests per second and this is something you can try to get from a single host given it's powerful enough. So you have 2 approaches to choose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &quot;think time&quot; between operations to make load pattern more realistic. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#timers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Timers&lt;/a&gt; user manual section for options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable &quot;think&quot; time. This way less threads will simulate more actions due to increased frequency. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you're using optimal JMeter configuration, to wit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run test in non-GUI mode&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use appropriate JVM options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;disable all listeners&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;9 Easy Solutions for a JMeter Load Test “Out of Memory” Failure&lt;/a&gt; for above settings explained in details and few more JMeter tuning tips.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T04:10:36.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18547" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T04:57:36.493" Score="0" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;My application has several jobs which runs 4-6 times a day and changes the system state and many configurations. Now I want to write automation test cases which will verify this state transitions and configuration changes accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have think two approaches-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write some test cases and on particular verification steps I can add some precondition that this test steps should wait until 11am for example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second is that I will use jenkins etc. and schedule my test cases for a particular time. In this approach I guess I will have to divide the test case to the smaller test case so that I can schedule one part to run in morning and other in noon.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am just willing to follow the best approach, these two came in my mind. Please suggest if there are some better approaches available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T04:48:01.633" Title="What is the best approach to write the automation test cases that run on particular instances of time?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3898" CreationDate="2016-05-10T06:35:24.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation Testing also known as Test Automation is the testing methodology, mainly in the field of software/application testing, in which the software testing life cycle(STLC) is carried out with automation so as to simplify the overall testing efforts with minimum scripting. Automation testing will help to automate some repetitive tasks, resulting in faster execution with better test coverage or outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today, Automated software testing is considered as one of the most trending term in the field of software testing, as it is considered as one of the most efficient as well as effective software methodology, making the overall software development/testing life cycle better and taking it to some different level. These days as software testing is moving towards automation, most of the software testers as well as QAs are switching themselves from Manual testing to Automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the reasons, why automation testing is considered as one of the trending methodology and has a vital scope:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation testing saves time as well as money.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is considered as cost effective method,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increases Test Coverage,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Makes testing more accurate,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better Execution control,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides better and concise results,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optimized resource usage, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these reasons make automation testing more effective as well as more efficient, resulting in better test outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16975" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T06:35:24.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18549" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24829" CreationDate="2016-05-10T07:35:59.560" Score="3" ViewCount="2681" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose there are five Browser windows opened, how to find the third one and close it through web driver?&#xA;Please I'm request you to all of you don't consider this question as a opinion based. I have this situation while working with my current project. There are number of windows gets opened while performing purchase section activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to close selected number of windows. What should I do using WebDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T05:16:53.487" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T06:20:22.080" Title="How to find and close particular browser window from number of opened windows using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18530" CreationDate="2016-05-10T07:47:43.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This apparently looks like a case study to analyze things. Lets take both questions one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How long does it take an average user to report an average bug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, the straight forward bugs that are very apparent won't take a lot of time. It hardly takes any time to figure out if the home page of a website isn't opening. The bugs that take time and have importance are the ones that are scenario based. This is where imagination of a tester and testing skill comes into picture. These bugs definitely have more importance and takes longer in terms of time and money to speculate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How long does it take an average developer to fix an average bug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This depends on the severity of bug. Straightforward bugs are easy to fix and its is again the scenario based bugs that require more time and investment. As the rule of thumb goes &lt;em&gt;the bugs found earlier in development life-cycle are easier and more importantly cheaper to fix&lt;/em&gt;. The cost of fixing a bug increases as we move along the development life-cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T07:47:43.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18530" CreationDate="2016-05-10T08:52:20.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although we're able to help in how to provide an estimate for time/cost and give some pointers as to what can affect this, it'll be close to impossible to an accurate estimate specifically for your scenario. Not because we don't want to, but because there are so many variables at play. On top of what everyone else has said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An 'average' defect is different between companies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The QA's ability to find and raise defects will vary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The cost of resources will vary as well; a junior dev is cheaper than a senior dev, for example&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it require multiple resources to find/fix the defect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average UX defects is cheaper (and less time-consuming) to fix than a back-and/calculations defect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fixing a defect may be worth $100 to a retail company, but $1000 to a finance company, so the industry you work in will impact your estimate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Rohan pointed out, it's well documented that the later a bug is found the more expensive it is to fix (see this article on &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-the-cost-of-defects-in-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;what is the costs of defects in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;), as a defect in production can, potentially, have the further fallout of losing revenue through lost customers... which would have been avoided if found during system testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're able to make your question a bit more specific, we'll be happy to help in giving a more accurate esimation :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T08:52:20.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18547" CreationDate="2016-05-10T08:59:55.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about &quot;the best approach&quot; but I'd prefer a more continuous feedback way. If you introduce some form of timetravel in your tests / code that forces the environment to believe the time is something else, then you can test these triggers at any time continuously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way however requires you to have access to the code or developer buy in to achieve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void shouldHateMondays() throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;    final TimeStub testTime = new TimeStub();&#xA;    testTime.setTime(&quot;sunday&quot;);&#xA;    MyTimeAwareApplication myTimeAwareApplication = new MyTimeAwareApplication(testTime);&#xA;    final Garfield garfield = myTimeAwareApplication.createGarfield();&#xA;&#xA;    assertFalse(garfield.hatesToday());&#xA;&#xA;    testTime.timeTravelTo(&quot;monday&quot;); // constantly updates the time until it reaches destination to trigger all events&#xA;&#xA;    assertTrue(garfield.hatesToday());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example I would wire in my special Time stub that i can control, while in production I would pass in a RealTime object. which would just query System.currentTimeMillis()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16443" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T08:59:55.350" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:15:42.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing that seems to stand out is that you are considering QA as a competently separate stage from all the other work and you are not working closely enough with the other teams which can lead to various problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some suggestions that you may want to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to be getting involved with the projects at an earlier stage. You will be in a great position to spot potential risks and highlight them at an early stage. You will also want to gain an insight into what work is upcoming and how complex it is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attend the estimation sessions regardless of if you are working in an agile way or not. You QA estimate should be included with the development estimate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't save all the testing until the end. Chances are the developers should be breaking requirements down into smaller tickets or user stories, look to see if you can test when each story is complete. If there are issues, you want to find them sooner rather than right at the end of the project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get involved with the developers and have them provide a short hand-off demonstration of the new feature, this is not only a good way to transfer knowledge across quickly but may also mean the developers find issues themselves whilst demoing the feature to you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If working in an agile way, attend those standup's and retrospectives, you need to be involved with the entire team and your opinion matters just as much as everyone else.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:48:25.920" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:48:25.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18554" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:25:03.460" Score="24" ViewCount="45274" Body="&lt;p&gt;The testing tools (or tools that could be used in testing purposes) for testing Java GUI application I know are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.netbeans.org/Jemmy&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jemmy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/jemmy&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;jemmy&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;jemmy&lt;/a&gt; library contains methods to reproduce all user actions which can be performed on Swing/AWT components (i.e. button pushing, text typing, tree node expanding, ...). Could be used with any Java IDE (Eclipse, NetBeans) &amp;amp; automated test framework (&lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt;) that gives you much freedom (e.g. analyze JVM memory usage). &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N.B.:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;looks like Jemmy does NOT support Java web-start applications&lt;/em&gt; (with downloading of .jnlp file) as it is mentioned in posts &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24630117/testing-java-web-start-application-using-jemmy&quot;&gt;testing Java web-start app using Jemmy&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23681949/how-to-automate-a-swing-java-web-start-application-which-runs-clicking-a-link-in&quot;&gt;how to automate a swing java web-start app&lt;/a&gt;, but still it is possible to test this kind of apps with great flexibility so I use this tool now. Testing app does not download &amp;amp; start &lt;code&gt;.jnlp&lt;/code&gt; file, but starting script (vbscript) downloads &lt;code&gt;.jar&lt;/code&gt; files of AUT (by the same link &lt;code&gt;.jnlp&lt;/code&gt; file is downloaded) and testing app uses these files of a new AUT build.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclipse.org/jubula/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jubula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/jubula&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;jubula&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;jubula&lt;/a&gt; is an Eclipse based automated functional GUI testing framework for Java and HTML. Uses blocks as association with actions performed during test, developer does not write code just assembling test actions from available building blocks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/sikuli&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;sikuli&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;sikuli&lt;/a&gt; suits for testing any application (image recognition based) that does not require working with precise text data. The tool has it's limitations (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/994/under-what-circumstances-is-sikuli-better-for-test-automation-than-selenium-or-w&quot;&gt;check here&lt;/a&gt;), using it to test RDP stuff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://abbot.sourceforge.net/doc/overview.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Abbot framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - for automated testing of Java GUI components and programs (did not study yet...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else can you suggest? Open source and for Java GUI testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2020-05-31T08:39:28.297" Title="Open source tools for automation of Java GUI application testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;java-gui&gt;&lt;testing-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18555" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:26:31.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions related to testing Java GUI applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T12:02:35.620" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T12:02:35.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18556" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:26:31.540" Score="0" Body="Questions related to testing Java GUI applications" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T12:02:30.680" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T12:02:30.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18557" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:32:48.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing frameworks allow the execution of tests to determine whether various sections of the code or the whole application are acting as expected under various circumstances&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T12:02:40.850" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T12:02:40.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18558" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:32:48.917" Score="0" Body="Testing frameworks allow the execution of tests to determine whether various sections of the code or the whole application are acting as expected under various circumstances" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T12:02:26.820" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T12:02:26.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18559" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:40:22.200" Score="1" ViewCount="1001" Body="&lt;p&gt;element is not found &#xA;//HTML Code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; maxlength=&quot;61&quot; style=&quot;width:185px;&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;name73652d80&quot; onblur=&quot;fieldTrack(this);&#xA;&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;input type=&quot;text&quot; onblur=&quot;fieldTrack(this);&quot; onfocus=&quot;javascript:checkFullName(document.forms[0].name73652d80.value);&quot; onclick=&quot;javascript:UncheckAllOptions();&quot; maxlength=&quot;30&quot; style=&quot;width:185px;&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;login73652d80&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;// My Selenium code  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@type,'text')][starts-with(@name,'name')]&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Mahesh&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code execute successfully but the below code are fail I did some permutation with contains and starts-with method but its not working&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[starts-with(@type,'text')][contains(@name,'login')])]&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;maheshwagh27&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18222" LastEditorUserId="18222" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T14:10:18.723" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T10:08:35.753" Title="xpath - element is not located even when I construct the xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18549" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:42:37.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = (List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;) driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;// Switch to the third window.&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(handles .get(2));&#xA;// Close this window&#xA;driver.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="11518" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T10:33:07.757" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T10:33:07.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-05-10T09:43:45.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;How are you the only QA guy going to test the work of 10 developers? &#xA;You will be flooded with work, teach the developers to test! :) This is important, because you will be taking shortcuts under pressure. This could lead to lower quality then before there was a QA guy, because the developers think they have to test less since they now have a dedicated tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you should try to test in parallel to development, why wait until it is finished. You could already write test-cases and or prepare testing efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you read this book: &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T09:43:45.307" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18559" CreationDate="2016-05-10T11:14:02.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did you try looking at the second xpath in firepath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a possibility that with the second xpath there are more than one element present on the screen and that's why your webdriver is not able to find the xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess the first one will be failing and the second should be passing because you are using @name, 'name' in first but the @name,'login' in second. So the second should be correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T11:25:12.120" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T11:25:12.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18564" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T11:24:38.180" Score="1" ViewCount="5177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to write the automation suite for windows services. Some of these services updates the data in database. So my test cases would be to check the current state of the DB, run the windows service and verify the changes in the DB(SQL Server).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What tools would be best option for performing this kind of testing. It will be more helpful if this tool can integrate with testNG or jUnit, and have a database connectivity option with SQL server as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual studio is obviously an answer, but just want to know if there are some tools available for this particular case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T05:12:10.973" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T20:54:08.130" Title="What is the best approach to test the windows services?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18565" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T13:57:33.897" Score="1" ViewCount="55864" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HuJmE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HuJmE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to select &quot;India (+91)&quot; from dropdown &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me with this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18222" LastEditorUserId="16372" LastEditDate="2016-05-10T14:09:30.797" LastActivityDate="2019-12-10T10:18:54.127" Title="How to select li element in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18530" CreationDate="2016-05-10T15:45:08.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no such thing as an average bug. Every bug is - by definition - an exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each industry segment has different expectations of quality. The expected standard for software powering medical devices is very different than the expected standard for casual game, to give just one example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Within an industry, each organization has different expectations of quality. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Within a single piece of software, the prioritization of a bug can differ depending on where it is in the software, how it impacts the user experience and a number of other factors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even when two bugs are superficially very similar, the effort to fix them can be massively different depending on application architecture and many other factors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, the only numbers that make any sense are &lt;em&gt;aggregate&lt;/em&gt; numbers giving &lt;em&gt;approximate&lt;/em&gt; team velocity, and even those only make sense for that team with that product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T15:45:08.627" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18530" CreationDate="2016-05-10T16:40:22.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This greatly depends per &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_knowledge&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;domain&lt;/a&gt;, in some domains defects are easy to record and easy to fix. In some it maybe extremely complex and time consuming to even describe the reproduction steps of a defect...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to find out is to measure with a defect tracker (like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jira&lt;/a&gt;) where you can also log the amount of time spend on a issue. Then after a year you can report the averages for that domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-05-10T16:40:22.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18568" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T17:02:01.343" Score="1" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you please share your techniques that you had used to analyze requirements in order to write test cases? May be a lot of it comes with experience, in my case I remember I had struggled with financial projects but not so much with application /web testing projects.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The biggest one was coming up with negative test cases. I googled and found most of the results were about gathering requirement: for BA.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Don't forget to post a good link if you have found one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18188" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T10:23:51.393" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T00:28:51.173" Title="What are techniques to analyze requirements in order to write test cases?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18569" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-10T17:56:53.077" Score="1" ViewCount="637" Body="&lt;p&gt;My dilemma, I have tons of tests and experience on the Python API to Selenium and webdriver. But, my dev team is big time javascript fans who think everything should be built under node/js. I want to build out some NightWatch E2E tests to satisfy them, but that sparked a debate that we should migrate everything over to javascript testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts, ideas on dealing with this conversation? Personally, I think Python is easy to integrate into other QA software as well and even through testing it feels cleaner and more reliable. I have nothing against javascript but it just does not make sense in my eyes to use it for QA just because of the stack the team is using.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7433" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T13:44:09.190" Title="Anyone find value migrating to NightWatch from Python Selenium API?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18503" CreationDate="2016-05-11T02:47:24.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cucumber-jvm is object oriented while TestNG is class oriented.  The two don't mesh well.  That being said, take a look at the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://automatictester.co.uk/2015/06/11/basic-cucumberjvm-selenium-webdriver-test-automation-framework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;automatictester&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm/tree/master/examples/java-calculator-testng&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;java-calculator-testng&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm/tree/master/testng&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testng&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best option appears to be one TestNG test runner per feature file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T02:47:24.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18572" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T03:44:41.967" Score="1" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a website that has the same titled button several times on the page.  I want to be able to click a certain one of these buttons.  The only thing I can see that is different is the second number set in the ( ).  In this example it is 123883445.  Below is the results of the &quot;inspect element&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a style=&quot;position: relative;&quot; class=&quot;vote_link vote&quot; href=&quot;#&quot; onclick=&quot;SST.vote_for(widget_47929421, 123883455, this); return false;&quot; title=&quot;Vote&quot;&amp;gt;Vote&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I find then select this element by using the number 123883455?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18249" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T23:32:40.287" Title="Python Selenium Webdriver Help" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18547" CreationDate="2016-05-11T03:46:33.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you have mentioned that your application runs 4-6 times a day and each time it changes the state of the system. Well I suppose you can use this change of state to trigger your test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can ask the developers to add a trigger in the application which will invoke the test script each time the state of the system changes. This way you won't have to define fix time intervals to run your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can have a cron job setup for your test scripts which at regular intervals will check the state of the system. If any change of state is found then the tests will be invoked and executed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If neither of these are convenient for you then you can go ahead with scheduling the tests to run at specified time intervals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T03:46:33.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18565" CreationDate="2016-05-11T04:04:45.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement countryUL= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//[@id='country_id']/ul&quot;));&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; countriesList=countryUL.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;li&quot;));&#xA;for (WebElement li : countriesList) {&#xA;if (li.getText().equals(&quot;India (+91&quot;)) {&#xA;     li.click();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T04:04:45.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9901" CreationDate="2016-05-11T04:55:15.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In very simple terms, the explanation for page objects is as follows:&#xA;A separate class (per page) which lists all the objects in a page and the allowed operations that can be performed by them can be created. And whenever you need to perform any tests on that particular page in your webapp, you write the test to first import the page, and thereafter, perform all the allowed functions on that page to execute your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In effect, there is a clear definition of the page with its objects and actions that can be performed on each object, and a separation of the tests that use those methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very obvious benefit would be that anyone who looks through the page object class will be able to know what objects reside on that page and what operation can be performed by each object.&#xA;A test automation engineer working on contract or new to your project only needs to know the location of the page object class and can help automate tests without having to go through any extensive training.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this gives a bit more clarity on page objects.&#xA;Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18251" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T04:55:15.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9901" CreationDate="2016-05-11T05:45:26.417" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Page Factory Pattern is like an extension to Page Object Model , but Page Factory is much enhanced model. To start with, we just need to import package &lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Factory class can be used to make using Page Objects simpler and easier&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use Page Factory pattern to initialize web elements which are defined in Page Objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We should initialize page objects using &lt;code&gt;initElements()&lt;/code&gt; method from PageFactory Class as below, Once we call initElements() method, all elements will get initialized. &lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements()&lt;/code&gt; static method takes the driver instance of the given class and the class type, and returns a Page Object with its fields fully initialized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public HompePage(WebDriver driver) &#xA;{           &#xA;   this.driver = driver; &#xA;   PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now question arise why we use Constructor?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Solution is=&gt;&#xA;We should preferably use a constructor which takes a WebDriver instance as its only argument or falling back on a no-arg constructor. An exception will be thrown if the class cannot be instantiated.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Page Factory will initialize every WebElement variable with a reference to a corresponding element on the actual web page based on “locators” defined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check below code by &lt;strong&gt;using Simple POM&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class BasePage &#xA;{&#xA;private By username = By.id(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;private By password = By.id(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;private By loginBtn = By.name(&quot;loginbtn&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;   public void userLogin(String userName, String password) &#xA;   {&#xA;        driver.findElement(username).sendKeys(&quot;testuser&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(password).sendKeys(&quot;testpassword&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(loginBtn).click();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By using using Page Factory:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class BasePage {&#xA;  @FindBy(id= &quot;username&quot;) private WebElement userName;&#xA;  @FindBy(id= &quot;password&quot;) private WebElement password;&#xA;  @FindBy(id= &quot;login&quot;) private WebElement loginBtn;&#xA;&#xA;  public void userLogin(String userName, String password) {&#xA;    userName.sendKeys(userName);&#xA;    password.sendKeys(password);&#xA;    loginBtn.click();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T05:45:26.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T06:10:50.887" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There are a number of tools available for testing mobile apps:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a) Robotium&#xA;b) Uiautomator&#xA;c) Espresso&#xA;d) Appium&#xA;e) Calabash&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my experience -I can suggest you &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is the best tool for both Android &amp;amp; iOS mobile testing.&#xA;I'm working on Appium from last 6 months in my organization it is pretty good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The main &lt;strong&gt;advantages of using Appium&lt;/strong&gt; is-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross-platform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Backend is Selenium so you will get all selenium functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to test iOS and Android&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous integration support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't require access to your source code or library. You are&#xA;testing which you will actually ship.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;supports multiple frameworks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supports automation of hybrid, native and web apps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open source (free)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can run the app through appium server without manipulating the app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No source code required(unlike robotium)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CI compatible with Jenkins, saucelabs(so far from my experience)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Able to run on selenium grid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't require an APK for use, although automating certain apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There is also few &lt;strong&gt;Disadvantages&lt;/strong&gt; of Appium:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Android, No Support for &lt;strong&gt;Android API level &amp;lt; 17&lt;/strong&gt;. It means you want to use Android v-4.2 or greater version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FCPBN.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FCPBN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T06:44:26.550" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T06:44:26.550" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-05-11T06:10:50.887" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18578" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T06:56:47.423" Score="2" ViewCount="1796" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do exploratory testing for my projects and currently I am evaluating a tool for Session based test management. Due to the structure of the tool I am very much confused about &quot;Charter&quot; and &quot;Session&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How I look at the problem is if I am assigned a project to test say Facebook, I Have some features to test say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Login&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Facebook Post sharing&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Chat&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Add contacts&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Settings&lt;br&gt;&#xA;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if I want to plan the efforts for this what would be charter and session?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the mission statement or Objective for Any session is same as charter? So how they are different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just got confused when my PM asked me &quot;How many charters and how many sessions you would need to test the complete app&quot;? As per his argument one charter can have multiple sessions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this argument is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18252" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T14:06:17.867" LastActivityDate="2019-08-12T13:01:15.467" Title="What is difference between Charter and Session Report?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;sbtm&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18559" CreationDate="2016-05-11T07:02:45.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is change that I have made in your code-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are they 2 different textboxes or single one?&#xA;If you add screenshot of your textboxes it will clear to all of us-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement nameTbox= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[starts-with(@type,'text')][contains(@name,'name73652d80')])]&quot;));&#xA;nameTbox.sendKeys(&quot;maheshwagh27&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18186" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T07:02:45.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17133" CreationDate="2016-05-11T07:04:53.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To handle CAPTCHA field in automation is extremely difficult and in some cases not possible. You can try one of the following to try and make your tests work,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask your dev team to set up a test environment where CAPTCHA is removed from the module you are testing, so that your tests can continue running without any problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some CAPTCHA have a limited database and each image or text value has a unique ID. You can get the list of the IDs can match that to enter CAPTCHA value in the form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since you are using Java, you can use Thread.sleep() method to make the form wait for suffecient time before submitting the form so that you may enter the CAPTCHA code manually. But for this you will have to constantly examine the execution of your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can ask your dev team to add a hidden field with the available CAPTCHA value (Only for testing purpose, remove it before going live), which you can get in your script and have it inserted in CAPTCHA field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T07:04:53.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2016-05-11T07:33:48.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add all the answers and comments, I'd like to show you an interesting article about &lt;a href=&quot;http://ddi-dev.com/blog/case/ad-hoc-testing-admin-panel-after-framework-upgrade-when-ad-hoc-meets-needs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ad hoc testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16509" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T03:31:14.050" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T03:31:14.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18559" CreationDate="2016-05-11T07:38:47.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 1 :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are putting extra brackets for this. So remove it: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[starts-with(@type,'text')][contains(@name,'login')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 2 :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to use conditions for xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[starts-with(@type,'text') and contains(@name,'login')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know If any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T07:38:47.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T08:19:15.320" Score="16" ViewCount="4749" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is test automation simply not a right fit for some medium/large organisations, regardless of whether they &quot;care&quot; or not and assuming it can be applied there? What are the most common reasons for this?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My perspective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, there still seems to be a fairly clear separation in medium to large organisations who care about test automation (if only the possibility) and those who don't. Those who care:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the benefit but also the resource/skill requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invest time and effort in upskilling manual test resources into automation where possible, and focus on the high-priority features/applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand what should be automated and what shouldn't, and invest their time and money accordingly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, those who don't either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't have the development resource to fix all the bugs!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't understand the value, or appreciate the cost-to-fix ratio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't have dedicated test resource (per project, or as FTE)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't care about test automation (even unit testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm beginning to see more and more in the &quot;don't care about test automation&quot; bracket. I struggle to believe that any organisation can be so myopic in their reasoning when they weigh up the costs/benefits in pretty-print, but would appreciate anyone's thoughts/experience on why this may be. And whether this is doomed to continue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software is an asset to the organisation and if key stakeholders don't appreciate high quality as a reflection on the organisation, they shouldn't be releasing any software in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that small startups, say, care less about test automation and more about getting their product into the market, but there is still an alarmingly large number of organisations who have obvious bugs/issues and (seemingly) simply don't care. If something critical is broken, it will be fixed. If something less critical is broken but drives away X number of customers...if a tree falls in the woods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15496" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T15:19:21.013" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T20:44:03.107" Title="Why do medium to large companies not adopt test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18565" CreationDate="2016-05-11T09:07:12.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's simple, just you have to use &lt;strong&gt;Select method&lt;/strong&gt; in WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebElement countrydropdown=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;country_id&quot;));&#xA;    Select country=new Select(countrydropdown);&#xA;    country.selectByVisibleText(&quot;India (+91)&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T09:07:12.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18585" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18589" CreationDate="2016-05-11T09:53:35.843" Score="6" ViewCount="29963" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have started Selenium scripting in my one of the project and I want to know the exact difference between &lt;strong&gt;Junit &amp;amp; TestNG.&lt;/strong&gt; Which one is useful for Tester in Selenium?&#xA;Any reference link/Site for the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17517" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T06:32:51.173" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T12:32:45.473" Title="What is the difference between jUnit &amp; TestNG?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18610" CreationDate="2016-05-11T10:11:22.727" Score="0" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say we have a piece of Software, with a bunch of constants in a configuration file that sets certain arbitrary values, like a timeout of 300 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we have a script for automated checks in form of unit tests of the software, one of them being a check for if the timeout works properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the time, I see the timeout value being hardcoded as a magic number into the test script, as the developers try to separate software from tests as much as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in my opinion, the configuration of the software is not part of the software itself, as the values are arbitrary, and thus not only could be used, but actually &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; be used by the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage would be, that if the timeout values change, no test would need to be adapted at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But all developers are reluctant to do that, any idea why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18255" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T02:40:36.393" Title="Should automated checks be agnostic of software configuration files?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18583" CreationDate="2016-05-11T10:18:43.367" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the main reason why companies are not doing automated testing is because the &quot;Return on Investment&quot; is hard to prove. Also its hard to prove that you will have less defects in production due to these tests, since they will catch the obvious issues, but not the complex dependency issues that actual users might run into.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automated testing mindset often comes bottom up, from testers or frustrated developers who know better. Adding automated testing to your process workflow will most certainly slow down the development cycle, unless you already do very rigid manual testing, but this is also something that a lot of companies just do not do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main idea of automated testing is that you keep going a steady pace in the long run. Without long manual testing sessions. But this is irrelevant when you never reach the long run because you are going to slow in the beginning. Most new software products start as a proof of concept that becomes a production system and when the product becomes a success it wasn't build with test automation in mind. Now making a legacy system testable is really hard and very time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in the end it is a balance. What I noticed is that within medium/larger companies is that automated testing becomes more important after their first main product comes to a grinding halt because it is unmaintainable and any small change has a high risk of breaking something somewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So how do you solve this and introduce automated testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Do &lt;a href=&quot;https://puppet.com/blog/continuous-delivery-vs-continuous-deployment-what-s-diff&quot;&gt;continuous deployments&lt;/a&gt;. When any code check-in goes to the production environment automatically it makes &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/continuous-testing-missing-link-continuous-delivery-process&quot;&gt;continuous automated testing&lt;/a&gt; very important and probably mandatory. Some pretty large companies are doing this very successful like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoq.com/news/2014/03/etsy-deploy-50-times-a-day&quot;&gt;Etsy&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://gradle.org/videos/continuous-integration-at-linkedin-gradle-2013-summit/&quot;&gt;LinkedIn&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.docker.com/customers/continuous-delivery-spotify&quot;&gt;Spotify&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-best-examples-of-companies-using-continuous-deployment&quot;&gt;others&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T13:05:56.997" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T13:05:56.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18585" CreationDate="2016-05-11T11:08:33.947" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG is a testing framework inspired from JUnit and NUnit but introducing some new functionalities that make it more powerful and easier to use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;TestNG is designed to cover all categories of tests:  unit, functional, end-to-end, integration, etc...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Features:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Annotations. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your tests in arbitrarily big thread pools with&#xA;various policies available (all methods in their own thread, one&#xA;thread per test class, etc...). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test that your code is multithread safe. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flexible test configuration. Support for data-driven testing&#xA;(with @DataProvider). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support for parameters. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Powerful execution model (no more TestSuite). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supported by a variety of tools and plug-ins (Eclipse, IDEA, Maven, etc...). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Embeds BeanShell for further flexibility. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Default JDK functions for runtime and logging (no&#xA;dependencies). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dependent methods for application server testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Facilitates user with effective means of Report Generation using ReportNG&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Annotations:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JUnit:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass and @AfterClass&lt;/code&gt; methods have to be declared as static. TestNG does not have this constraint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestNG:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;It has provided four additional setup/teardown pairs for the suite, test and groups, i.e. &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, @BeforeGroups and @AfterGroups, @BeforeMethod, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass and @AfterMethod&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parameterized test:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This feature is implemented in both tools, however in quite different ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestNG has basically two ways for providing varying parameter values to a test method: by setting the testng.xml, and by defining a @DataProvider method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;JUnit&lt;/strong&gt;, @RunWith and @Parameters are used together to facilitate parameterized tests, while the @Parameters method has to return List[] with all the actual values, which will be fed into a dedicated class constructor as an argument.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why choose TestNG?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've talked about the features that differentiate TestNG for me, but there are a few more that aren't yet available in JUnit. For example, TestNG uses test groups, which can categorize tests according to features such as run times.&#xA;As I said at the beginning of this column, JUnit 4 and TestNG are similar on the surface. But whereas JUnit is designed to hone in on a unit of code, TestNG is meant for high-level testing. Its flexibility is especially useful with large test suites, where one test's failure shouldn't mean having to rerun a suite of thousands.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Each framework has its strengths, and there's nothing stopping you from using both in concert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RBShU.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RBShU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T06:34:47.153" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T06:34:47.153" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18585" CreationDate="2016-05-11T11:31:33.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Major difference in TestNG and JUnit test frameworks is their scope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt; as core unit test framework for Java project, because TestNG is more advance in &lt;strong&gt;parameterize testing&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;dependency testing&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;suite testing&lt;/strong&gt; (Grouping concept).&#xA;TestNG is meant for high-level testing and complex integration test. Its flexibility is especially useful with large test suites. In addition, TestNG also cover the entire core JUnit4 functionality. It’s just no reason for me to use JUnit anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer this link to get details about &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mkyong.com/unittest/junit-4-vs-testng-comparison/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;difference between JUnit and TestNG&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastEditorUserId="7924" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T12:32:45.473" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T12:32:45.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18587" CreationDate="2016-05-11T11:48:31.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the same value is checked all the time autotest becomes nearly useless (no new knowledge of the product). Unless you check that &lt;strong&gt;the default value of timeout is set correctly&lt;/strong&gt; in config-file. And in this case configuration value could not be used by tests and your devs are right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you are checking that the timeout works properly so it's not good for your autotest to check only the value provided by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have one check of this timeout in your test suite it would be preferable to check &lt;strong&gt;a randomly set timeout within a range of valid values&lt;/strong&gt;. And after the test reset timeout to the system default value (300 seconds) or to the value before test (cause generally autotest should keep software in the same state as it was before test, if they are not integrated in dependent sequence of tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have two check, another one could be done with invalid value (if the system supposed to handle this case somehow).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could be even more checks e.g. if error in this configuration feature has high impact on company reputation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T15:21:57.333" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T15:21:57.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18593" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T11:49:09.710" Score="0" ViewCount="4516" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in manual testing from last 5+ years and having a sound experience in it. Now I want to switch in automation testing and want to start with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have any programming experience or knowledge in either Java and C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15680" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T12:02:36.863" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T14:28:19.227" Title="Which programming language java or c# should I learn for selenium automation testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-05-11T14:29:40.650" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18583" CreationDate="2016-05-11T12:04:26.123" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many reasons why companies choose not to invest in test automation. Some of the ones I've encountered include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The state of the software makes test automation non-viable.&lt;/strong&gt; This is particularly common where an organization's flagship software is built in older code and technologies with massively intertwined GUI and logic (classic ASP comes to mind here). If the flagship software is relatively stable and the development team is also relatively stable - and therefore familiar with the application code - it remains cheaper to leave it where it is and add features where necessary than it is to refactor into a cleaner, unit-testable form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The organization environment does not allow for more time to develop.&lt;/strong&gt; It's very common, especially with developers who didn't start with a test-first philosophy, to find resistance at all levels to &quot;taking extra time&quot; to build in unit testing. Without unit testing, higher level automation is something of a losing game, because the only thing less efficient than testing business logic through automated interaction with the application GUI is performing those tests manually. The idea that if you don't spend the time to do it right you &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; have to spend the time to do it over doesn't make much headway, perhaps because these organizations tend to have the same need to release and upgrade often.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The organization/developers subscribe to the &quot;testing can be done by any warm body&quot; fallacy.&lt;/strong&gt; This is endemic to software development: the idea that manual testing can be done by anyone capable of using the software. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The organization/developers believe that they test their work sufficiently.&lt;/strong&gt; They might, too. My experience is that dedicated test resources tend to lag the development resources by about ten years. That's a lot of time to build up a resistance to the cost and effort required to build a high quality test automation framework.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The organization prefers to use development resources to write code, not write test automation.&lt;/strong&gt; This is another very common situation - and often goes along with resistance to allowing developers the time to design better solutions or to improve their skills. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The organization does not 'see' ROI of intangibles.&lt;/strong&gt; This is another common one: accountants tend to be more concerned with tangible income and expenses. Lost, dissatisfied or disengaged customers aren't easily measurable compared to new sales, so they tend to be given less importance. Where this happens, it's a sign that the decision-makers are accountants of the bean-counting variety. If you can't quantify it, they won't measure it, and if they can't measure it they won't allow it. If you've ever tried to convince an accountant like this that there is a positive ROI on bug that don't happen, you know the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's more important to release the software.&lt;/strong&gt; Again, very common. Small to medium, and medium to large organizations often have quite narrow margins. Not releasing new features means falling behind the competition, which in turn means potentially going out of business. They can't &lt;em&gt;afford&lt;/em&gt; to invest the extra time needed to start a test automation effort.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, many of these reasons come down to a classic no-win situation, where there's no way for the organization to afford the time and effort needed to introduce test automation, but the longer they continue as they are the more they need test automation. Typically, that cycle won't change until either the organizational culture changes or there is a sufficiently powerful and/or charismatic test automation evangelist hired in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T12:04:26.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18154" CreationDate="2016-05-11T12:06:58.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What exactly does Guerrilla Testing cover?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many people equate Guerrilla usability testing with QA Services. You don’t actually need much equipment or software testing company to run a usability test. Just a computer to run the test, somebody to moderate and somebody to take notes. Instead of a note taker, I prefer to set up a video recorder pointed at the screen. This captures the mouse movements as well as the audio, so you don’t need to take notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you could have two videos, one recording the screen and one recording the person. Or a video and some screen capture software. However you then need to composite both feeds and this can get complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guerrilla testing tends to be carried out anywhere possible, from an empty meeting room to a local cafe. It’s usually (although not necessarily) carried out on a one-to-one basis by a member of the design team. Guerrilla testing is a way to get some quick user feedback on your product or prototype and it leads to more add-ons in the quality improvements for your product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of focusing on quantitative data, these tests usually focus on qualitative data for design insight rather than statistical validity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can be done in Guerrilla Testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Guerrilla testing, software testing company is going to target the audience who can provide a genuine feedback for the product and hence , a  product with quality, robustness as well as meeting the main consumers requirements can be implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following are the steps which are performed for such kind of testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a)A session for the product is provided to the targeted audience.&#xA;b)Devices,environments  and other hardware requirements are facilitated to the audience or the such kind of audience is targeted which leads to low cost for such setups..&#xA;c)Feedback is received from the targeted audience .&#xA;d)Feedback can be converted into improvements  and may be treated as consumer requirements .Hence a new cycle of development and QA testing is conducted for this new feedback and product can be prototyped as per the new requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is Guerrilla Testing used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guerrilla research are faster, lower-cost methods that provide sufficient enough insights to make informed strategic decisions. In fact, using Guerrilla testing method is a great way to introduces software companies to the value that research can bring to projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ADVANTAGES OF GUERRILLA TESTING-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Uses minimum resources-people, cost.&#xA; No specialist or technology is required.&#xA; It can be performed in various locations like cafes, library.&#xA; It works well with Agile Methodology Approach.&#xA; It helps uncover unexpected issues or highlights unnecessary features.&#xA; It is great for testing the system at the early stages of it's development.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is Guerrilla Testing especially for UX Design?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes ,Guerrilla testing is for UX Design as UX(User Experience) Design is the process of enhancing user satisfaction by improving the usability, accessibility, and pleasure provided in the interaction between the user and the product&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T12:06:58.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18593" CreationDate="2016-05-11T12:07:47.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/doc/Selenium2Library.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robotframework-seleniumLibrary&lt;/a&gt; is a good choice, if you want to get involved with less coding and more test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python or Java may be a good choice to start with, if you want to focus on test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11199" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T12:07:47.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18597" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T13:21:58.343" Score="-1" ViewCount="989" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting java.lang.NullPointerException while executing my test case , I am using Page Object Modle with PageFactory ,following are the code snippets&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestBase Class:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ackage com.base;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;&#xA;import pagefactory.Scorex_LoginPage;&#xA;import pagefactory.Scorex_HomePage;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestBase {&#xA;&#xA;       protected WebDriver driver;&#xA;       protected String baseUrl = &quot;http://scorex.domain.com/&quot;;&#xA;       protected Scorex_LoginPage objLogin;&#xA;       protected Scorex_HomePage objHome;&#xA;&#xA;       @BeforeMethod&#xA;       public void initializeBrowser() {&#xA;             driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;             driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;             driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;             driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;       }&#xA;       @AfterMethod&#xA;       public void closeBrowser(){&#xA;             driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;       }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case Class:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package tests;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import com.base.TestBase;&#xA;&#xA;public class Scorex_LoginTestCases extends TestBase{&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(priority=1) //TC01&#xA;    public void Scorex_valid_email_password()&#xA;    {&#xA;        objLogin.loginScoreAs(&quot;superadmin@domain.com&quot;, &quot;superadmin&quot;);&#xA;        String DashboardUserName = objHome.getHomePageUserName();&#xA;        Assert.assertTrue(DashboardUserName.contains(&quot;Super Admin&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastActivityDate="2019-11-04T05:42:59.363" Title="I am getting java.lang.NullPointerException while executing my test case" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18593" CreationDate="2016-05-11T13:26:48.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Python is widely considered best language for beginners, much simpler than Java or C#. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you understand programming in Python, it will be easier to learn other languages (and you will understand why Python is easier).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But before all this, you should learn how to use Google. This exact question is asked on this exact forum every week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lmgtfy.com/?q=Which+programming+language+java+or+c%23+should+I+learn+for+selenium+automation+testing%3F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Try this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T14:10:29.343" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T14:10:29.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18572" CreationDate="2016-05-11T13:33:29.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't tried it but my guess would be to get list of all &quot;a&quot; elements (find by tag) or all elements by class (&quot;vote_link vote&quot;), then loop over them, get the on_click property, and look for your number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T13:33:29.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18569" CreationDate="2016-05-11T13:44:09.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The silence is deafening :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no personal experience with NightWatch, but I do have experience with the quirky nature of JavaScript, and because of that experience prefer Python, especially for big projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/fog0000000069.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Why you never ever reprogram working code from scratch&lt;/a&gt; - with history of failures cause by reprogramming from scratch. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if your company is committed to make known mistake which killed companies before, you should be aware of the consequences for your career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, one of the reason I LOVE Python that it makes efforts to be easier to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T13:44:09.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18593" CreationDate="2016-05-11T14:16:14.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everything has a context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Will you join or start an automation project? Follow the language of this project.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you want a fast learning curve on the basics of programming and automation? Take a look in Python; do a Codeacademy-like course and play with each entry on the Learn X in Y Minutes site - try run and change things to see what happens. After that, learn the Page Object pattern auto-critically, always checking if you are building something extendable, using good OO programming. The Python tutorials and courses lack sometimes this sort of critic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you want to look at the market? Java is more used than C# by big companies, because they have dev people used to Java - Javascript is closely used, depending on the region you are. The con here is that the community for automation in these language is not so strong. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you want to experiment with dozen of open source tools built-upon Selenium? Take a look at Ruby; the Cucumber environment is extremely active and the integration with Rails is the focus. Javascript's community is as active as Ruby's. These languages have lots of 'magic programming', few lines of code that do bunch of things. I love them for it, but I know these sort of elegant code can be difficult to catch if you are novice and/or learned to strict C-like programming.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T14:28:19.227" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T14:28:19.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2016-05-11T14:29:23.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everything has a context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Will you join or start an automation project? Follow the language of this project.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you want a fast learning curve on the basics of programming and automation? Take a look in Python; do a Codeacademy-like course and play with each entry on the Learn X in Y Minutes site - try run and change things to see what happens. After that, learn the Page Object pattern auto-critically, always checking if you are building something extendable, using good OO programming. The Python tutorials and courses lack sometimes this sort of critic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you want to look at the market? Java is more used than C# by big companies, because they have dev people used to Java - Javascript is closely used, depending on the region you are. The con here is that the community for automation in these language is not so strong. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you want to experiment with dozen of open source tools built-upon Selenium? Take a look at Ruby; the Cucumber environment is extremely active and the integration with Rails is the focus. Javascript's community is as active as Ruby's. These languages have lots of 'magic programming', few lines of code that do bunch of things. I love them for it, but I know these sort of elegant code can be difficult to catch if you are novice and/or learned to strict C-like programming.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T14:29:23.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18597" CreationDate="2016-05-11T14:38:57.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the &lt;em&gt;Scorex_LoginTestCases&lt;/em&gt; (Btw, we do not use underscore in names in Java (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconventions-135099.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;See conventions&lt;/a&gt;), the objects &lt;em&gt;objLogin&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;objHome&lt;/em&gt; are not initialized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the &lt;em&gt;TestBase&lt;/em&gt;, you should initialize them using the PageFactory's method &lt;em&gt;initElements&lt;/em&gt;. You can see a sample &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageFactory#a-simple-example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T14:38:57.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18604" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T15:32:13.570" Score="1" ViewCount="343" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to input data into datapool from xml file in rational functional tester? I want the user input file to be an xml file and this xml file should be used to feed information for data pool in rft. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14902" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-04T17:34:03.443" LastActivityDate="2021-04-13T17:03:30.330" Title="How to input data into datapool from xml file in rational functional tester?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;rft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18583" CreationDate="2016-05-11T16:35:16.940" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The flaw of your analysis is that you are thinking like an engineer. You are asserting that the cost-benefit analysis shows that automated software testing is superior. But you forgot to specifiy which goals you are optimizing. The automated testing is only superior when you are looking at things like the quality of the end product, or the efficiency of the developers who work on the software, or their job satisfaction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal of a company is, however, to make profit. Period. When another goal like &quot;make a quality product&quot; is aligned with the goal &quot;profit&quot;, great, the company makes a quality product. When it is not, there are people who will prefer the goal &quot;profit&quot; and ones who will prefer the goal &quot;quality&quot; - and the second ones generally don't manage large to medium companies. Maybe they try it, but the stakes are against them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the reason can be summed up in one sentence: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The CEO (or similarly high-up decision maker) does not believe that it will increase profits as much as investing in something else would.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that CEO mistaken? Both your question and the other answers assert he is. In reality, he sometimes is and sometimes isn't. Imagine a monopoly in a market with high entry costs. Investing money to increase product quality would be a mistake for them, unless they have some free cash in need of an investment idea. There are many other constellations - abundant in real life - where other investments have a higher priority. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, we cannot tell you why a given company does not have test automation. The reasons are different on a case-by-case basis. But the more important thing to note is, regardless of how the engineers feel about it, that the question &quot;is this right or wrong&quot; also has to be answered on a case-by-case basis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1366" LastActivityDate="2016-05-11T16:35:16.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18607" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-11T19:15:31.037" Score="4" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was mentored and mentored other testers at work, working on real projects. It was basically about what to in a given situation that happens at work or how to solve a given technical problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do mentors outside of work exist?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How they work if there's not real project at hand to talk about or check?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-05-11T19:23:03.547" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T13:01:43.310" Title="Is it possible to find testing mentors outside of job context?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18583" CreationDate="2016-05-12T00:17:45.447" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some large organizations don't eschew functional tests because they &quot;can't be bothered with them&quot;, or &quot;don't know better&quot;, but &lt;strong&gt;because they see them as a strategic liability&lt;/strong&gt;. I work at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theguardian.com/uk&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Guardian&lt;/a&gt;, and we rely on neither automated nor manual regression tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated tests have a long term cost.&lt;/strong&gt; Anybody who has maintained a regression suite in a large-scale project will have suffered this: brittle end-to-end tests that require continuous maintenance, convoluted database setup, and awkward configuration. Automated tests are software like any other, and subject to their own buggy and unexpected behaviour.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated tests slow down releases.&lt;/strong&gt; I've worked in environments where each CI build kicks off a functional suite that will run for upwards of an hour. I've even seen automated regression suites that take twelve hours! This is impossibly long for any organization committed to continuous deployment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Continuous deployment mitigates the effects of bugs.&lt;/strong&gt; Most organizations adopt CD under the premise of being able to react quickly to business needs, but one of its real promises is to minimize the impact of quality issues. If a change introduces an issue, our CD pipeline allows us to fix in production within a seven-minute cycle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Swimlaning, SOA and caching make the site tough to break.&lt;/strong&gt; All of our article responses are held in CDN caches, so we can potentially break the entire website and still serve content around the world with no spike in latency. And because our application comprises isolated microservices, even a critical issue to - let's say commenting - cannot and will not ever break article or membership functionality, because these features are implemented on completely different applications running on completely different servers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit tests are typically preferable to functional tests.&lt;/strong&gt; They are easier to write, faster to run, less brittle, isolate their concerns, have few bugs of their own and provide great documentation for the code itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature switches and A/B testing allow us to try things out on a small audience&lt;/strong&gt;. We can test a new feature on 10% of readers in a timezone that's currently low-demand. We can use feature switches to turn code on and off instantly without any need to redeploy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RUM provides us outsourced eyeballs.&lt;/strong&gt; Real-User-Metrics allow us to capture error, performance and human interaction bugs on the fly with real users in real time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're interested further in the Guardian's QA strategy, I would suggest taking a read of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.theguardian.com/info/developer-blog/2015/nov/02/the-software-testing-identity-crisis&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt; and watching a &lt;a href=&quot;https://vimeo.com/162635477&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;recent talk&lt;/a&gt; from one of my colleagues, Sally Goble, the Guardian's Head of Quality (deck &lt;a href=&quot;https://speakerdeck.com/sallygoble/so-what-do-you-do-if-you-dont-do-testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18269" LastEditorUserId="18269" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T09:49:55.387" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T09:49:55.387" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18607" CreationDate="2016-05-12T01:57:39.437" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: Yes, it is possible. Mentorship outside of your job tends to happen in a more social context, though, and may provide some different benefits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mentorship outside of your job is more likely to be cross-disciplinary, cross-industry, mutual, non-explicit, and casual. You may have already have mentors in your family and your friends, or in old coworkers whom you have stayed in touch with. Anyone with whom you discuss your career, projects, or professional relationships may already be mentoring you, and you them. You may be able to get what you are looking for just by investing more intentionally in what you already have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If intentionally growing existing relationships doesn't seem like the way to go, think about what you are seeking from a mentor, and see if that gives ideas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want coaching, you may want to consider paying for a career coach - or ask a friend to be a &quot;career growth partner&quot;, and meet for coffee or dinner and share successes, challenges, and planned next steps. You could also consider looking for training. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to grow leadership abilities by mentoring, consider volunteer work where you are in a teaching or training role and see if any of your students are looking for a mentor in you as well as a teacher. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want sponsorship, look for programs designed to support people looking to take that next step in their careers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want support and encouragement, or if you just generally want to grow your mentorship relationships without specifics, try professional networking events. Most cities with a healthy tech industry also have tech meet-ups and organizations that can provide opportunities to build relationships. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, if you can define what you want, you can narrow your search. Remember that &quot;mentorship&quot; is just an aspect of a relationship, and it can grow out of almost any relationship; but do target your actions to those places most likely to provide relationships that grow the kinds of mentorship opportunities you are hoping for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T01:57:39.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18587" CreationDate="2016-05-12T02:22:45.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The developers on my team (and the testers as well) generally do exactly this (pull the value we are checking from the config to ensure that the feature works as designed). We also have a suite of configuration unit tests to verify that the values are set as expected for key values. We've enjoyed the benefits you mention in the majority of our tests, while limiting hard-coded configuration checks to a small set of very fast tests. For system integration / acceptance tests we grab the configuration from the product, to avoid duplicate configuration in our test configs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The largest benefit is a separation of concerns. A good test should test one thing only. One test verifies that the feature works (the timeout happens when the config says it should); another test verifies that the value is correct. Hard-coding the value is testing two things at once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While there is a risk of getting the values wrong twice, hard-coding the values in multiple tests doesn't really help with this (the test-writer is likely using copy-paste if they get it wrong twice, and will continue doing so if doing it more than twice) and does increase the maintenance costs of the test suite significantly, which discourages thorough testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the configuration tests can look a bit silly; it's almost redundant to just look up a configuration value and check that it equals a hard-coded value. However, they do work and have saved us from bad config changes; and more elegant tests can also verify logic and configuration consistency (e.g., ensuring that no production environment URLs are in any non-prod configurations). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ETA: Testing configuration permutations does not generally make a ton of sense for our particular project. On projects where it did matter, I still took this approach and use the product configurations in the tests (increases code reuse with non-configuration tests). However, I also added asserts to verify the values under test are what the test expected, and those asserts had values or logic about the values hard-coded / stored in test configuration. I really don't see why you would hard-code something you could pull from a config unless the correctness of the value itself was currently under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T02:40:36.393" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T02:40:36.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18564" CreationDate="2016-05-12T03:01:27.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio itself is an IDE, an Integrated Development Environment - not a tool for interacting with databases. However, there are .NET CLR (Common Language Runtime) libraries for programmatic DB access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend, however, that you start with the asking the developers to create product hooks for you to use to interact with the database. This is likely to be safer than interacting with it directly with your tests. I'm pretty decent with programmatic DB access and still prefer to do it, when testing, through product hooks that are disabled in production. Product hooks definitely will get wrapped in tests and verified for consistent, well-understood behavior (unless the team is very lax). Test libraries, on the other hand, tend to get less care and are more likely to have bugs and unexpected side effects. Also, it simplifies how to manage authentication, as the product already authenticates for DB access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Barring that, see how the developers and the product code interface with the databases. They may already have some great tools that simplify DB access compared to the libraries you would normally use, or they may have tools that enforce certain rules around how you access the DB that you &lt;em&gt;need&lt;/em&gt; to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that fails, you probably want to look at the database access classes in the CLR: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/kb9s9ks0(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MSDN's ADO .NET with SQL Server&lt;/a&gt; page is a good place to start. The MSDN documentation on &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb386976(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LINQ to SQL&lt;/a&gt;, in particular, will contain the bulk of what you need to know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you go this route and are not familiar with database access code, I strongly recommend getting both test design reviews and code reviews from the product developers. There are often security implications around how the tests handle database authentication, and database interactions can have messy and long-lasting impacts on test environments. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastEditorUserId="130" LastEditDate="2018-01-09T20:54:08.130" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T20:54:08.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16916" CreationDate="2016-05-12T04:56:22.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Throughput&lt;/strong&gt;: is the number of requests per unit of time (seconds, minutes, hours) that are sent to your server during the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Response time&lt;/strong&gt;: is the elapsed time from the moment when a given request is sent to the server until the moment when the last bit of information has returned to the client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;throughput&lt;/strong&gt; is the real load processed by your server during a run but it does not tell you anything about the performance of your server during this same run. This is the reason why you need both measures in order to get a &lt;strong&gt;real idea&lt;/strong&gt; about your server’s performance during a run. The &lt;strong&gt;response time&lt;/strong&gt; tells you how fast your server is handling a given load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now in this image, &lt;strong&gt;Throughput = 8003.557/minute&lt;/strong&gt; means that (~133/second Requests) are sent to your tested server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Average=287&lt;/strong&gt;: This is the Average (Arithmetic mean μ = 1/n * Σi=1…n xi) Response time of your total samples.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;An important&lt;/strong&gt; thing to understand is that the mean value can be very &lt;strong&gt;misleading&lt;/strong&gt; as it does not show you how close (or far) your values are from the average.For this purpose, we need the &lt;strong&gt;Deviation&lt;/strong&gt; value since Average value can be the Same for different response time of the samples!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deviation=405&lt;/strong&gt;:  The &lt;strong&gt;standard deviation (σ)&lt;/strong&gt; measures the mean distance of the values to their average (μ).It gives you a good idea of the &lt;strong&gt;dispersion or variability&lt;/strong&gt; of the measures to their mean value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following equation show how the &lt;strong&gt;standard deviation (σ)&lt;/strong&gt; is calculated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;σ = 1/n * √ Σi=1…n (xi-μ)2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Details, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mathsisfun.com/data/standard-deviation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if the deviation value is &lt;strong&gt;low compared&lt;/strong&gt; to the mean value, it will indicate you that your measures are not dispersed (or mostly close to the mean value) and that the mean value is &lt;strong&gt;significant&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latest Sample=33&lt;/strong&gt;: This is the Latest samples &lt;strong&gt;Response time (33 ms)&lt;/strong&gt;!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No of samples=1800&lt;/strong&gt;: Total number of samples are showing here during the Test!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example is always better to understand!!! I think, this &lt;a href=&quot;https://nico.vahlas.eu/2010/03/30/some-thoughts-on-stress-testing-web-applications-with-jmeter-part-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, &lt;strong&gt;Graph Results are only Graphical representation&lt;/strong&gt; of these mathematical measurements!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastEditorUserId="17428" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T07:35:26.887" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T07:35:26.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18614" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-12T05:50:46.660" Score="1" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have built automation script and everything working perfectly. Now client want to run same script from his location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking to set his computer as slave in jenkins , but does it require to install selenium and all other software in client computer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And what will be solution if client do not want to install anything and still want to run script from his computer. I know I can export project as executable JARs but that I am not preferring for some reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastEditorUserId="9369" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T08:11:13.020" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:11:13.020" Title="Does it require to install all necessary software for slave in jenkins" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18597" CreationDate="2016-05-12T06:29:18.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Page Factory we need to initialize the Page Object:&#xA;You can initialize with the help of below sample code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;Scorex_LoginTestCases loginTest = PageFactory.initElements(driver,Scorex_LoginTestCases.class);&#xA;loginTest.Scorex_valid_email_password();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And please follow the conventions as method name always starts with a small character and please avoid using underscore. For more information on conventions please click &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javatpoint.com/java-naming-conventions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on Page Factory please click &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/page-object-pattern-model-page-factory/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18104" LastEditorUserId="18104" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T06:47:58.487" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T06:47:58.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3" CreationDate="2016-05-12T07:47:57.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many great characteristics required for a QA/tester. To me, communication is really important. Also, a team spirit is equally if not more important. Trying to prove oneself being smart or the other dumb will not help. We are all in it together. Defects or issues should be discussed with as clear as possible steps to reproduce the defects. Come ready with facts and figures to discuss further the issue.&#xA;It's also important to not assume things and instead speak up, &quot;we need to discuss this&quot; and then hear out what the other party has to say whether dev, BA or PM.&#xA;It's not about me or you or anyone trying to score points or look great to stake holders or upper management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA/Testing is about delivering the best quality we can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T08:05:47.200" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:05:47.200" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-05-12T07:47:57.610" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18620" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-12T07:52:42.537" Score="0" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn security testing. To be candid I have just heard this term and never tried it. Is it beneficial for the product if security testing is done? How can I start? Do organizations value security testing and would it be another asset if added to my skill set?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T21:45:25.773" Title="What is security testing? Please suggest how can I start. Any tools or any methods?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-13T08:13:36.090" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18620" CreationDate="2016-05-12T08:15:25.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are different types of &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/402705/security-testing-types&quot;&gt;security testing&lt;/a&gt; all with their own path. It could be from actual penetration testing to just risks analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience (in the software development world) security testing is often ignored until a client asks for an audit or only executed after a security breach has happened. This greatly depends on the industry and type of product ofcourse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can start with a introduction training course like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/penetration-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.udemy.com/penetration-testing/&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.nl/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&amp;amp;ion=1&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8#tbm=vid&amp;amp;q=security%20testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;watch other training video's&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would certainly be an asset for any serious company, at-least someone should be aware of security risks and have a strategy to mitigate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T08:15:25.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17643" CreationDate="2016-05-12T09:22:24.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Browser stack mentioned above, you may also want to consider &lt;a href=&quot;http://litmus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://litmus.com/&lt;/a&gt; which will allow you to cross client test your emails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T09:22:24.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-12T10:23:42.133" Score="5" ViewCount="20338" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to automation testing (I'm using TestNG framework and Java language) I'm having trouble in locating an element which is inside iframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement iframeSwitch= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;configFrame&quot;));&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(iframeSwitch); System.out.println(&quot;Switched&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@ng-change='ProcessUpdates(m);']&quot;)).clea‌​r();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@ng-change='ProcessUpdates(m);']&quot;)).sendK‌​eys(&quot;Arsenal&quot;); &#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;SearchAll&quot;)).click(); Thread.sleep(15000);&#xA;driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); JavascriptExecutor js=(JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;javascript:window.scrollBy(0,300)&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element which i need to perform action is in the iframe itself, so do i need to use the &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to find it using the XPath. When I provided the XPath in Selenium IDE, it found the element, but when I wrote the script in TestNG and gave the same Xpath, it returned an exception of unable to locate the element. I'm new to Java as well as to automation. So if someone can provide some hint, it will be great help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18275" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T13:59:58.363" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T14:45:43.497" Title="How to locate an element which is inside the iframe?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18625" CreationDate="2016-05-12T11:05:11.113" Score="1" ViewCount="20072" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting java.lang.NullPointerException while executing my test case , I am using Page Object Modle with PageFactory ,following are the code snippets&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LoginPageObjec.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginPageObjects {&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(xpath=&quot;.//*[@id='userName']&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement email;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(xpath=&quot;.//*[@id='password']&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement password;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(xpath=&quot;.//*[@id='loginFormSubmit']&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement loginBtn;&#xA;&#xA;    public void EnterUserName(String userName)&#xA;    {&#xA;        email.sendKeys(userName);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void EnterPassword(String pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        password.sendKeys(pass);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void clickLogin()&#xA;    {&#xA;        loginBtn.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LoginTC.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginTC extends BasePage{&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void login()&#xA;    {&#xA;        LoginPageObjects loginPage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, LoginPageObjects.class);&#xA;        loginPage.EnterUserName(&quot;test.hr@domin.com.pk&quot;);&#xA;        loginPage.EnterPassword(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;        loginPage.clickLogin();&#xA;    }&#xA;public void login1()&#xA;        {&#xA;            LoginPageObjects loginPage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, LoginPageObjects.class);&#xA;            loginPage.EnterUserName(&quot;test.hr@domin.com.pk&quot;);&#xA;            loginPage.EnterPassword(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;            loginPage.clickLogin();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BasePage.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class BasePage {&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;      public void initializeBrowser() {&#xA;     driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;     driver.navigate().to(&quot;https://nexthrm-dev.vteamslabs.com/&quot;);&#xA;     driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;     }&#xA;    @AfterMethod&#xA;    public void closeBrowser()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've extended BasePage class to utilize the (initialBrowser &amp;amp; closeBrowser) functions in my test case but its producing nullpointer exception if I copy both of the functions (initialBrowser &amp;amp; closeBrowser) into my LoginTC (testcase class) it works like charm but I dont want this redundant code i.e((initialBrowser &amp;amp; closeBrowser) for all my testcases class could anyone explain why I am getting nullpointer exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-12T12:32:41.133" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T12:32:41.133" Title="How to resolve NullPointerException error in my below POM code?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18624" CreationDate="2016-05-12T11:11:26.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; field in &lt;code&gt;LoginTC&lt;/code&gt; hides the driver field from &lt;code&gt;BasePage&lt;/code&gt;. The &lt;code&gt;BasePage&lt;/code&gt; class fills in its own &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; field, but &lt;code&gt;LoginTC&lt;/code&gt; uses its own, which is never initialized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution: Remove the &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; field from &lt;code&gt;LoginTC&lt;/code&gt;, then either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make the &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; field in &lt;code&gt;BasePage&lt;/code&gt; public or protected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a &quot;getter&quot; method (&lt;code&gt;driver()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;getDriver()&lt;/code&gt; or similar) to &lt;code&gt;BasePage&lt;/code&gt; and use that to access the driver in derived classes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T11:11:26.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18624" CreationDate="2016-05-12T11:40:20.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your &lt;strong&gt;BasePage.Java&lt;/strong&gt; instead of creating a separate WebDriver object, you can use the WebDriver object of BasePage class directly by using (BasePage.driver) as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginTC extends BasePage{&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void login()&#xA;{&#xA;    LoginPageObjects loginPage = PageFactory.initElements(BasePage.driver, LoginPageObjects.class);&#xA;    loginPage.EnterUserName(&quot;test.hr@domin.com.pk&quot;);&#xA;    loginPage.EnterPassword(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;    loginPage.clickLogin();&#xA;}&#xA;public void login1()&#xA;        {&#xA;            LoginPageObjects loginPage = PageFactory.initElements(BasePage.driver, LoginPageObjects.class);&#xA;            loginPage.EnterUserName(&quot;test.hr@domin.com.pk&quot;);&#xA;            loginPage.EnterPassword(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;            loginPage.clickLogin();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will help you further so now if you extend this BasePage to your multiple test classes, you need not to initialize the driver again and again.  So you can perform multiple test cases on the same browser session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T11:40:20.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18050" CreationDate="2016-05-12T14:06:58.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just upgraded my selenium to 2.53 and upgraded to Firefox latest 46.0.1 and everything started working fine with relative xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17747" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T14:06:58.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18630" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-12T14:43:55.893" Score="0" ViewCount="4756" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firefox Browser compatibility with Selenium IDE and Firebug Plugins or addons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18287" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T12:15:54.440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T12:15:54.440" Title="Which Firefox version is more compatible with Selenium IDE and Firebug?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;firebug&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-05-13T16:44:45.850" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18623" CreationDate="2016-05-12T15:12:21.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a webpage, there is a &quot;Top&quot; window, which can be considered as a default frame (not conceptually) and there can be zero or more iframes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While executing the automation test script, the driver always points to the default frame which is &quot;Top&quot;. If you want the driver to find the element which is inside an iframe, you need to first locate the iframe and switch to it and then ask the driver to find your web element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this, you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(nameFrame);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then try to find your web element using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(locator);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7819" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T06:18:38.807" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T06:18:38.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17106" CreationDate="2016-05-12T15:49:25.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testingtofail.wordpress.com/2016/03/19/running-the-same-android-app-and-calabash-script-on-2-devices-simultaneously/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; will show you how to run two devices on the same script and give them different inputs. However that will run serial. You may be able to get them to run parallel if you call each action twice specifying the a device each time. So @@app1.performaction() and @@app2.performaction() but I'm not sure about that. The code for perform action defualtdevice.performaction() so I think you should be able to just specify the device manually but I've never tested.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17990" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T15:49:25.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18620" CreationDate="2016-05-12T21:45:25.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Things have changed now, most of the companies management is Aware that Security testing should be included as part of Testing.Many critical Banking Applications, E-commerce Websites which stores customer Credit details have to oblige to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PCI compliance.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, it's really interesting field to Dig bugs that may break down your systems and can get access to sensitive Customer Information or may bring down your systems for a While.Definitely, it will be an Asset for you to learn Penetration testing concepts and to hold a recognised certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where to Start:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you got no idea about Attacks and Vulnerabilities then start with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cybrary.it/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cybrary IT&lt;/a&gt; this is the place where you can watch lectures on Security concepts for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn more about OWASP, OWASP Top-10 attacks and their consequences and you feel that you're equipped with concepts of security testing and attacks then start implementing them, testing them practically here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/WebGoat_Installation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OWASP- WebGoat&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Google Gruyere&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testfire.net/default.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Fire&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once You get practical hands on knowledge on finding vulnerabilities in an Application and implementing security attacks then you may think of tools and browser Add-on's. I feel it's too early for you to play with tools better to learn and implement things before playing around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get inspired more sign up to newsletter's of these websites which sends you a daily email of Current Security Hacks happening around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hackread.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HackRead&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thehackernews.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Hacker News&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this information helps you to get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18080" LastActivityDate="2016-05-12T21:45:25.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18637" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18638" CreationDate="2016-05-13T04:44:39.570" Score="4" ViewCount="7601" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a task of testing a mobile application by manual testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to do performance testing and also load testing for this application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, how can I test it manually? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to use any automation tools for it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest to me proper way for performance testing of mobile application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-13T05:41:16.943" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T10:08:31.150" Title="How can I do performance testing of Mobile Application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18637" CreationDate="2016-05-13T05:52:35.340" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance testing doesn't only mean many users hitting the same thing at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are various aspects of performance testing which you can opt to do manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you said you have to test a mobile application, you can test,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether it works in the same seamless manner on a phone with low hardware, OS and memory configurations as it does on a phone with high memory and hardware or does it hang or get slow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much battery does it consume? How much memory and CPU does it occupy?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it get slow if used for a long time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it maintain a local database on the phone? If yes, does it get slow with increase in size of the database?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it requires internet connection how well does it work with slow network connections like 2G or bad WIFI?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have few applications open in background and then try to run your application. Does it hang or get slow?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And so on...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For load testing you can get the HTTP requests the app makes to a remote server and use tools like JMeter to generate a load of several users. But that's to test your host server and possible your applications interaction with the server under heavy load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T05:52:35.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18630" CreationDate="2016-05-13T06:10:35.393" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE &amp;amp; firebug can work on any versions (mostly above v-31.0) of Mozilla FF. both are Firefox plugins so they don't affect on any versions. If you are asking about Selenium WebDriver &amp;amp; ff versions then it may differs from version to version &amp;amp; Selenium java jars. but my perspective IDE &amp;amp; firebug can work on any versions of ff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T06:10:35.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17099" CreationDate="2016-05-13T07:22:59.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution that works for me now is set of properties: &lt;code&gt;toolkit class&lt;/code&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;code&gt;attached text&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Till now I tested this set of descriptors with &lt;code&gt;toolkit class&lt;/code&gt; of JavaObject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JEllipsisTextField&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JRootPane&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even some objects in sequence could be omitted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T07:22:59.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18641" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-13T11:12:18.753" Score="3" ViewCount="9204" Body="&lt;p&gt;What do I need to do if drop down take time to populate 1st element from drop down list?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QkZ9P.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QkZ9P.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select Cdropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ClientId']&quot;)));&#xA;        Cdropdown.selectByVisibleText(&quot;centralpen-ak-01&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;&#xA;Select Edropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='EnvironmentId']&quot;)));&#xA;            Edropdown.selectByValue(&quot;1121&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For loading the drop down it should take the time I have used-&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(3000);&lt;/code&gt; but still the element is not found. What should I do in such a case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18222" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:42:49.063" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T10:42:49.063" Title="What do I need to do if dropdown takes more time to populate 1st element from dropdown list?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18637" CreationDate="2016-05-13T11:39:32.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can try to turn on the screen rotation and rotate the screen and instantly click on some functionalities and check if they behave they way it is expected or not.In my workplace we had issue that when the screen is rotated the functionalities wouldn't work or would take time to respond.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To test it on different network, you can configure the router to which your device would be connected and provide the network download and upload speed to a standard speed for slow network.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can check the behavior of the app when the phone is offline from data.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18275" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T11:39:32.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18637" CreationDate="2016-05-13T11:58:20.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel your question is a bit contradictory/too broad of a scope.&#xA;You will first need to decide what exactly you want to test..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testing is usually only good for functional testing (seeing if it works the way it should).&#xA;If you want to do performance testing there are multiple tooling options to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do you want to test the app itself (GUI) on a mobile device, if yes then you are looking in to something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you want to do a performance/load test of the backend that the app is using then you can consider JMeter.&#xA;You can record the steps from the mobile device using a local proxy (on a PC device) and play these steps back with a predefined amount of users/iterations/...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18301" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T08:31:23.520" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T08:31:23.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17547" CreationDate="2016-05-13T12:41:07.103" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to record your script with Blazemeter and run the test. See if you get same error. If not then compare the two scripts and check what went wrong with your script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blazemeter is an extension of Google Chrome. You can create a free account and record your script and then export the JMX file. Use this file in Jmeter to run the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18303" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T12:41:07.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18607" CreationDate="2016-05-13T13:01:43.310" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes,&#xA;It is possible to find mentors outside of work place even for testing.&#xA;Well maybe you wont have actual project as you do at the work place, but you can always come up with scenarios and work around them. Get your students to think and come up with scenarios or you define a few for them and then build up your training sessions accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can take open source projects from sites like sourceforge and work with them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can create ideas about how you can define and execute the course depending on your students' abilities. They'll be good in various areas. Some will be interested in testing the UI and user's end of the functionality, while others may be interested in security and so on. So you have to figure out what your students are good at and then build the course to help them improve their skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18304" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T13:01:43.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18641" CreationDate="2016-05-13T13:11:34.737" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you think that time is the problem here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so try to increase the time you are providing in Thread.sleep(); and see it that works out for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If its not the time, then did you try to find out what the problem is? Are you getting any error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18305" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T13:11:34.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18446" CreationDate="2016-05-13T13:24:17.397" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well I don't think JMeter will help you do performance or load testing of the click action/event of a button. If the click of a button makes an HTTP request to the server, then you can most definitely do performance or load testing for that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How JMeter works is, it takes an HTTP request and throws the specified number of instances (threads/users) on the server and then measures the response of the server for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want to check how much time it takes to click a button for x number of user, I guess there is no tool to test that, because I believe each of those users will be using a different device/system to click the button and that event will be specific to that device/system and the browser on that device only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18306" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T04:01:35.167" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T04:01:35.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18641" CreationDate="2016-05-13T14:45:41.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;adding &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(3000)&lt;/code&gt; is not a good way to handle synchronization, rather use implicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implicit wait allows your browser to wait until element is visible or until time set by you, whichever is earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T14:45:41.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16267" CreationDate="2016-05-13T19:44:50.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've succesfully integrated TestLink 1.9.10 with Jira in the Cloud. My configuration for the issue tracker record in TestLink is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;!-- Template jirarestInterface --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;issuetracker&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;username&amp;gt;USER&amp;lt;/username&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;password&amp;gt;XXXX/password&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;uribase&amp;gt;https...baufest.atlassian.net/browse/PROJ&amp;lt;/uribase&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- CRITIC - WITH HTTP getIssue() DOES NOT WORK --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;uriapi&amp;gt;https...baufest.atlassian.net/rest/api/latest/&amp;lt;/uriapi&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;uriview&amp;gt;https...baufest.atlassian.net/browse/&amp;lt;/uriview&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Configure This if you want be able TO CREATE ISSUES --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;projectkey&amp;gt;PROJ&amp;lt;/projectkey&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;issuetype&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/issuetype&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/issuetracker&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;USER is a valid Jira user that has permission to create bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;PROJ is the Key of the Project in Jira where bugs are going to be created.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Issue type is 1 because that's the issue type for the project PROJ that corresponds to bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;...&quot; corresponds to &quot;://&quot; (I replaced it because the answer wouldn't save otherwise)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cecilia&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Baufest)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18316" LastActivityDate="2016-05-13T19:44:50.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-13T22:42:19.537" Score="2" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have often faced difficulty in designing test script, because unlike coding, there is no clear cut plain and simple logic in designing test scripts, nor there is a universal standard way of doing the same. Even if there is, I assume there would be a context in which it will clearly just not work!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One specific problem I wanted to discuss was this one:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose I have to design a test script for a module, which itself is a long process consisting of multiple screens, in each screen in which you can provide input (or configure them, in other words) as to what will be the end result of that process. So, there are a lot of permutations and combinations in play here. You get output to test anything, only at the end of that process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in such a situation, how do I design the test script? It definitely makes sense to test all/maximum number of test cases in a single execution of this process. Since each input or configured screen, has its way of affecting the output, it is relatively easy to isolate the failing test cases, just by seeing the output, obviously only if there is some output to test - if it's a total failure, we may require to run the whole process many times to isolate the test case which is the cause of failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above case, how do I manage the test case numbering? I am giving inputs in different screens for different test cases, but I am getting the output - to be checked against the expected results, for all of them in a single final step. So here, it's not that I can isolate the pair of action (steps to be taken) and expected results, for each test case! Maybe the actions are different but expected results merge at one final step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then, how do I design it for the possibility that it might be giving no output for the above-mentioned test execution for many test cases simultaneously. I how do I isolate the failing test case in such a situation? If I simply refine it, the script and the execution time will become unnecessarily lengthy - since it will mean executing the entire process for each test case or each set of 3-5 test cases. How should I choose between simplicity of test script and the execution time/script length?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18317" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T02:40:03.687" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T02:40:03.687" Title="How to design test script in some cases?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-05-18T14:32:16.390" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18651" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-14T04:54:50.797" Score="0" ViewCount="669" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are forced to use HL ALM QC to raise defects. Currently we were using Rally to raise defects for Agile projects. But now on, we need to use HP QC, to raise the defects. For rally, i have created my own template , where i fill the columns with all N number of defects and directly upload in Rally using Addin. So i could save my time in raising the defects all at once. Is there any default defect template available like rally, so that we can fill the sheet and upload to QC directly with all defects by the End of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, please help me out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18318" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T05:05:53.643" Title="Is there any default defect template available, so that we can fill the sheet and upload to QC directly with all defects by the End of the day" Tags="&lt;excel&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18651" CreationDate="2016-05-14T05:05:53.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used HL ALM QC but, if it allows users to import bugs from spreadsheets or CSV file, then I'm sure it will also have an option to export existing bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can export one such bug report and the exported file will then become your default template which you can use for reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a very good article &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/hp-alm-defect-management.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; on defect management in HP ALM QC. It also explains about importing issues from files and also has a screenshot of a sample excel sheet which was used to import bugs in their example. You can use this as a reference to make a sample template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T05:05:53.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18641" CreationDate="2016-05-14T05:38:39.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select Cdropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='ClientId']&quot;)));&#xA;Cdropdown.selectByVisibleText(&quot;centralpen-ak-01&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;Select Edropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='EnvironmentId']&quot;)));&#xA;                    Edropdown.selectByIndex(0);&#xA;//check your index, starting from 0 which item you have to select &amp;amp; add corresponding index of that.  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You may try with same method-&lt;code&gt;selectByVisibleText&lt;/code&gt; as like 1st dropdown&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;Otherwise You may try with &lt;strong&gt;explicitly wait-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //Selecting value from 2nd drop down using visible text&#xA;&#xA;    Select mydrpdwn = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;EnvironmentId&quot;)));&#xA;    mydrpdwn.selectByVisibleText(&quot;add element in dropdown&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;EnvironmentId&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-14T05:55:19.877" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T05:55:19.877" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18655" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18656" CreationDate="2016-05-14T09:03:22.420" Score="2" ViewCount="722" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm getting this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: &#xA;Unable to locate element&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why am I getting this WebDriver exception and how can I fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18319" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T13:01:17.020" LastActivityDate="2019-05-06T10:21:23.550" Title="Getting 'org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException' - how to fix?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18655" CreationDate="2016-05-14T09:53:37.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will get this exception when WebDriver Is not able to locate element on the page of software web application using whatever locator you have used In your test. To resolved this Issue, I will check bellow given things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all I will check that I have placed Implicit wait code In my test or not. If you have not placed Implicit timeout In your test and any element Is taking some time to appear on page then you can get this exception.&#xA;So I will add bellow given line at beginning of my test case code to wait for 15 seconds for element to be present on page. In 70% cases, this step will resolved Issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Implicit wait Is already added and element locator Is fine then you need to verify that how much time It(element) Is taking to appear on page. If It Is taking more than 15 seconds then you have to put explicit wait condition with 20 or more seconds wait period as bellow. In 5 to 10% cases, This step will resolve your Issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector(&quot;#submitButton&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T09:53:37.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18657" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-14T11:36:40.500" Score="3" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been working in QA for a year and a half now, I started of doing manual testing and then I've moved on to QA automation and or been using Ruby + selenium webdriver + page object model + page factory. I will also be doing API rest testing in a few weeks. I've been given some money from the company for this year to spend on whatever training I want to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what to spend it on to improve my job the only things I can think of are below,  can you guys advise me on my ideas or even add ideas that could aid in my job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ruby training - am new to using Ruby coming from Java but not sure how much a course would benefit as there are plenty docs online for general programming. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins - once I have created my tests locally and they all work I commit my code to a branch on git and then run on a Jenkins box to test my test on a second box before adding to master. - I use Jenkins but I don't no how to set up my own testing box. Would a course on Jenkins benefit my CV and make me more valuable as a tester to future company's by being able to set up my own testing box? Could this help me make more money? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISTQB - I don't have any of the ISTQB Certs -  would this be any benefit to my CV help me get better paid future job ? Baring in mind I have 1.5 years testing experience. And a 1st class bsc degree in computer science? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mobile testing - I have never done any and I don't know what tools or languages are used to test mobile apps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other ideas you guys have and any advice please comment or add to this post. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any big QA festivals etc? We're I could go and learn good stuff to take back to were I work? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18321" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T18:39:54.017" Title="The company I work for have provided me with money to spend on training ? Need ideas on what to spend on to help further my QA career!" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-05T06:11:27.277" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18658" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-14T12:45:20.647" Score="5" ViewCount="113474" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just I am trying to get entered text from the text field when value is empty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below is my HTML:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; style=&quot;width: 203px&quot; value=&quot;&quot; maxlength=&quot;32&quot; name=&quot;firstName&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;) but it didn't work. Please suggest how to do it using selenium webdriver with java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also screenshot attached.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6axoS.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6axoS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8892" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-14T13:07:28.547" LastActivityDate="2019-12-13T12:32:43.693" Title="How to get entered text from textbox when value is empty in selenium using java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="11" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18572" CreationDate="2016-05-14T17:19:53.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a couple ways to go about this, depending on the behavior of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably the most straightforward - assuming that the number 123883455 is always the same (not dynamically generated on page load) for the button you want - is to use a css attribute locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element = driver.find_element_by_css_locator(&quot;a[onclick*='123883455']&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That should return the single button you want to click. You could do a similar thing using xpath as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, if the button is always in the same position on the page (for example, it is always the 3rd &quot;vote&quot; button, you could do something like this...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element = driver.find_elements_by_css_locator(&quot;a.vote_link&quot;)[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would get a collection of all the matching elements and return the third one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1893" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T17:19:53.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18554" CreationDate="2016-05-14T21:21:20.593" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know about several open source tools hosted on GitHub but didn't try them yet. Just created a list for future learning. Any additions and comments are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/TestFX/TestFX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestFX&lt;/a&gt; - 213*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/renatoathaydes/Automaton&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automation&lt;/a&gt; (Groovy &amp;amp; Java) - 48*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/demetriusnunes/swinger&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;swinger&lt;/a&gt; (JRuby, Cucumber-based) - 47*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jalian-systems/Marathon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Marathon&lt;/a&gt; - 31*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/google/windowtester&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Window Tester&lt;/a&gt; - 5*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This list might be updated in the future. I'm maintaining it &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pywinauto/pywinauto/wiki/Automation-for-many-platforms-(links)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;at the pywinauto project wiki page&lt;/a&gt; (pywinauto doesn't support Java at all, but Java GUI experts are very welcome).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11848" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T21:21:20.593" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18657" CreationDate="2016-05-14T21:38:39.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say go for ISTQB certification and buy books for subjects like Ruby, Jenkins and mobile testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...But only after you checked what is asked for most frequently in job openings that you would like. That is the most effective stuff to pursue. This will vary over time and per location. Also different companies have different needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, mobile testing is a bit broad. There are three main tastes out there, iOS, Android and Windows. The best automated tools serve all three. You can have a look &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://techbeacon.com/top-16-software-quality-testing-conferences&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://techbeacon.com/top-16-software-quality-testing-conferences&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5271/what-is-a-good-training-to-signup-for-to-get-training-for-my-sqa-department&quot;&gt;What is a good training to signup for to get training for my SQA department?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-05-14T21:38:39.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18655" CreationDate="2016-05-15T02:56:50.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason behind the exception you have mentioned is because with your test script you are trying to locate an element that doesn't exist in the webpage you are trying to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how will you resolve It?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, along with the text you have provided, the console would also have given the line number in the test script where this exception occurred. I would go to that line in the test script and check what I've done wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have I provided a wrong value for searching the element?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the method wrong?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Am I missing something?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If answer to all these question is No and the element is indeed available in the webpage, I would apply implicit or explicit wait in the script to allow Selenium to wait for the element to load and then read it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the tutorials for implicit and explicit waits on the official &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T10:18:53.843" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T10:18:53.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18665" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-15T04:19:17.577" Score="1" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been having quite rough time at work recently. I found the functionality that we have been delivering was not ready for release: too many bugs and we were not able to get feedback about the feature from a pre-production environment, because the environment was not ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I have escalated the problem to managers stating that the main story is not ready for production. A developer that spent last months on implementing this and related stories felt offended. I guess because he has been asking the team for feedback, testing and reviewing for some weeks, and we provided that too late. So it seems he may have read &quot;not ready&quot; as saying that this is all his fault. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I could do better. But how should I have written it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And how to provide a feedback to avoid such conflicts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is one of the hardest skills for me to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-05-15T04:24:20.470" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T16:40:43.583" Title="How to provide feedback when a feature is not ready for release?" Tags="&lt;communication&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-15T04:25:43.417" Score="2" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to a QA role and would like to follow best practices and help improve existing tooling at the company I work for. Where should I go to learn about the state of the art? In previous roles as a full time developer I would spend a lot of time using sites like Pluralsight or Confreaks.tv to learn information about my trade. It seems quality is a different animal. Any tips?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8728" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T15:34:00.847" Title="Sources of information similar to confreaks for QA" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18637" CreationDate="2016-05-15T07:47:07.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally performance testing of mobile application is not required as mobile applications have only one user and if you're happy with application load time, responsiveness, rendering times, etc. - you should be good to go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application is being updated frequently and it is relatively big and complex you might want to automate the steps and set some thresholds which define maximum operation completion time. In that case check out the following tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://calaba.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Calabash&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application explicitly relies on backend server, i.e. it's intensively using web or database to display data you may want to check the performance of the &lt;strong&gt;backend&lt;/strong&gt; i.e. when several hundreds or thousands users are using the application in the same moment. In that case you can simulate the traffic which is being sent from multiple mobile devices, collect and analyse backend metrics and key performance indicators. You can do it with i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; - see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-mobile-apps-made-easy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Load Testing Mobile Apps. But Made Easy&lt;/a&gt; for details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All mentioned tools are free and open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T07:47:07.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18665" CreationDate="2016-05-15T09:05:10.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your explanation I get the feeling you are not working Agile, or not very effectively? It sounds as if the core issue here is the &lt;strong&gt;(testing) process&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, &lt;strong&gt;quality is the responsibility of the entire team&lt;/strong&gt;. See also the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1316250&amp;amp;seqNum=5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;whole-team approach&lt;/a&gt;. In this sort of team spirit, your developer should not feel offended. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, in your phrasing you should simply note (1) your advice (GO/NOGO) and (2) the reason: the acceptance criteria have not been met (including the obstacles why not). You didn't make the deadline &lt;strong&gt;as a team&lt;/strong&gt;. Especially in your case, it's doesn't appear like it's one person's fault. Then, in a &lt;strong&gt;retrospective&lt;/strong&gt; meeting, figure out what went wrong where, and how to prevent it next time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thirdly, environment not available, too many defects to fix in time, ... This again seems like no issue with people but with processes. Maybe sit together with the developers and management to think up a better way of planning the project or sprints. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, since you mention &quot;months&quot;... I assume you have &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_debt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;technical/testing debt&lt;/a&gt;? If you don't treat this correctly, the snowball-effect will end up screwing you over. To the point where the release might be cancelled, as in your case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So try to have a constructive meeting about the aforementioned items, if you can. This will be profitable in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T09:05:10.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18670" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-15T14:11:16.810" Score="2" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was working in manual testing mainly 4-5 years back. Now after kids I want to resume my career. What courses I need to do to upgrade myself. Is 'image consulting&quot; a good option?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18328" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-05-15T15:14:51.107" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T11:52:08.823" Title="Resuming career" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18658" CreationDate="2016-05-15T15:41:50.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When are you trying to get a value? before entering or after entering it in the text field?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  WebElement fName=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;firstName&quot;));&#xA;  fName.sendKeys(&quot;Admin&quot;);&#xA;  System.out.println(fName.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above code should return text entered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T15:41:50.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18658" CreationDate="2016-05-15T20:40:12.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would help to check for other javascript attributes if getText is not working. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How about if you try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;el.getAttribute(&quot;innerHTML&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that does not work, double check the element you are getting the text from. Are there any children elements for the input element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13148" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T20:40:12.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18503" CreationDate="2016-05-15T21:16:05.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cucumber is not really driven by JUnit. &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference/jvm#junit-runner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JUnit Runner&lt;/a&gt; is an easy way to integrate running cucumber into an existing testing infrastructure (like &lt;code&gt;mvn verify&lt;/code&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That one single empty JUnit Runner class should not give you much pain against TestNG. The only thing important for you is to plug it into a proper build lifecycle phase, we often use it on &lt;code&gt;integration-test&lt;/code&gt; instead of the &lt;code&gt;test&lt;/code&gt; phase instead of the maven. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically you could use something else instead of the JUnit to start cucumber tests, for example their &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference/jvm#cli-runner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CLI runner&lt;/a&gt; either from command line or programmatically. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18297" LastActivityDate="2016-05-15T21:16:05.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18670" CreationDate="2016-05-16T03:56:17.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Image Consulting&quot;, as I understand it, hasn't got much to do with being an SQA professional, unless of course you're testing a business' website or other software that is related to the business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Image Consulting is a good option if you're interested in it, but I would hazard a guess that asking about it on SE might not get the sort of responses you're after. Unless of course, you're actually referring to SOE images for servers/desktops etc, in which case the SE SuperUser section might be better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18331" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T03:56:17.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18676" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18677" CreationDate="2016-05-16T07:10:12.013" Score="1" ViewCount="6048" Body="&lt;p&gt;The application I'm testing has two servers and I want to monitor and view the server performance. Please explain in simple layman language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2019-12-25T05:22:19.127" Title="How can I view the server performance using Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18676" CreationDate="2016-05-16T07:27:53.437" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's easy to implement. Please see the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Monitor Your Server Health &amp;amp; Performance During a JMeter Load Test&lt;/a&gt;, which will guide you step by step to measure the &lt;strong&gt;server-performance&lt;/strong&gt;!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope, this will help you!! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17428" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T07:27:53.437" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18676" CreationDate="2016-05-16T07:37:45.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If by server performance you mean server's health and resource utilization, then,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no built option for monitoring server health in JMeter. But, don't be disheartened, there is a plugin available for it. Name of the plugin is PerfMon Server Agent. You can download it from &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/downloads/all&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Documentation and tutorial for same are available &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMonAgent/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To install the Server Agent &lt;strong&gt;(ON YOUR SERVER)&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download Server Agent zip file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unzip file and place entire folder on your server (Make sure JRE is installed and configured on your server).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From within the Server Agent folder execute startAgent.bat(windows) or startAgent.sh(Linux). Keep this file running.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To setup and run your test to monitor server health you will need PerfMon Metric Collector listener in your JMeter instance. For this &lt;strong&gt;(ON YOUR SYSTEM WHERE YOU WILL RUN JMETER)&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download StandardSet plugin from &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/downloads/all/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter-Plugins&lt;/a&gt; site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract the contents of zip file in your JMEter's root directory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start Jmeter and add your test plan to it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add PerfMon Metrics Collector listener to your test plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add IP of your servers along with Port Number (default is 4444) and select the Metrics to collect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save your test plan and execute it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will see that your server health will be displayed in the chart in PerfMon Metrics Collector listener.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If by server performance you mean how much load your server can handle, then, I guess that is what JMeter actually does!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T08:04:44.820" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T08:04:44.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18658" CreationDate="2016-05-16T08:25:03.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically the problem seems like, the attribute &quot;value&quot; is not updating automatically, so after entering the text into textbox click somewhere else on the page and then use the method &lt;code&gt;getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;hope it will works......&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18340" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T08:42:21.310" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T08:42:21.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18658" CreationDate="2016-05-16T09:49:15.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Use following code:&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement firstName = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@name='firstName']&quot;));&#xA;String value = firstName.getText();&#xA;System.out.println(value);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T09:49:15.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-16T12:48:54.647" Score="3" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some quality models, like the probably best known one, ISO 25000 (SQuaRE project) defines quality model based on quality characteristics that are all non-functional. It explicitly reads that the model is not intended to evaluate functional aspects of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get it - if something works as expected (e.g. a stapler) you cannot really decide about its quality until you assess non-functional aspects like its material, ergonomy, durability etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But at the same time, if the stapler does not work, no amount of non-functional requirements could make up for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, the ISO standard defines quality as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;degree to which the software product satisfies stated and implied&#xA;  needs when used under specified conditions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is meant to be used in conjunction with functional assessment? IF the model itself does not deal with FR, how can I decide whether or not the software satisfies the needs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18345" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T13:45:54.157" LastActivityDate="2016-07-16T10:16:06.363" Title="How quality relates to functionality? (it is not considered by quality models)" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18443" CreationDate="2016-05-16T13:57:56.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yes absolutely right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because all those bookmarks, addons, passwords etc.. are saved In your regular browser's profile folder so when you launch browser manually, It will use existing profile settings &amp;amp; It will show you all those stuffs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when you run your software web application's tests In selenium webdriver, It Is opening new browser Instance with blank profile. So It will not show you bookmarks, addons..etc all those things In that browser Instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T13:57:56.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18665" CreationDate="2016-05-16T15:07:07.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Long projects should have milestones every few weeks. As time passes by and milestones are not met, it would be obvious that final deadline will not be met. You can even have weekly meetings where you can ask about the confidence that next milestone will be met, to see where more resources are needed (if available).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, delay is not a surprise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA cannot &quot;assure&quot; quality, just &quot;assist&quot; business managers by providing the information about status of the project. QA cannot say &quot;not ready&quot;. This is business decision. QA can inform about the number of outstanding bugs, and time estimate to fix them (if not new would be found), and possible confidence level about more bugs present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T15:07:07.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18685" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18704" CreationDate="2016-05-16T15:30:28.097" Score="1" ViewCount="582" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am researching possibility of testing Java GUI application with Jemmy library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elements in application are defined by constructors like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JFrameOperator mainFrame = new JFrameOperator(&quot;Main window title&quot;);&#xA;JButtonOperator flsButton = new JButtonOperator(mainFrame, &quot;Button name&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible constructors are (depends on element, but here is the common set):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JSomeComponentOperator(ContainerOperator cont)&#xA;JSomeComponentOperator(ContainerOperator cont, int index)&#xA;JSomeComponentOperator(ContainerOperator cont, String title)&#xA;JSomeComponentOperator(ContainerOperator cont, String title, int index)&#xA;&#xA;JSomeComponentOperator(ContainerOperator cont, ComponentChooser chooser)&#xA;JSomeComponentOperator(ContainerOperator cont, ComponentChooser chooser, int index)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first four constructors are easy to use: you should specify: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;cont&lt;/code&gt; - container of the new object (parent object)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt; - text on the object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;index&lt;/code&gt; - index of element on the page (e.g. index counted through all JButtons)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I could not find any reference on usage of &lt;code&gt;ComponentChooser chooser&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone give some example on its usage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the dump of a button I'd like to define this way (e.g. by using tooltip text cause it is unique):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;component operator=&quot;org.netbeans.jemmy.operators.JButtonOperator&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;Class&quot; value=&quot;javax.swing.JButton&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;Default button&quot; value=&quot;false&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;Height&quot; value=&quot;39&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;Showing&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;Tooltip text&quot; value=&quot;Accounts&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;Visible&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;Width&quot; value=&quot;39&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;X&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;Y&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;toString&quot; value=&quot;javax.swing.JButton[,1,1,39x39,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=com.sun.java.swing.plaf.windows.XPStyle$XPEmptyBorder@554712c3,flags=296,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=jar:file:/C:/asu_eirc/59.1.4/icons.jar!/icons/32/abacus.gif,disabledIcon=sun.swing.ImageIconUIResource@2fc53144,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=null,defaultCapable=false]&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/component&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T07:03:51.727" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T07:03:51.727" Title="How to define elements in Jemmy library with the usage of ComponentChooser?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;java-gui&gt;&lt;jemmy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18686" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-05-16T15:37:29.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jemmy.java.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jemmy&lt;/a&gt; is a Java library that is used to create automated tests for Java GUI applications. It contains methods to reproduce all user actions which can be performed on Swing/AWT components (i.e. button pushing, text typing, tree node expanding, ...). Jemmy can be used with any test harness (such as XTest, for example). The programmer simply has to adopt his tests to the harness requirements. It also can be used to create a demo for Java GUI applications. It's pretty effective for automating demo to show how an application works, showing comments during the process, and then says: Hey! Now, go ahead and play with the opened windows! This is a real application we are presenting!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jemmy really is a NetBeansTM independent module, you can use it separately as well as together with the NetBeans IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jemmy.java.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Project home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.netbeans.org/Jemmy_Tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.netbeans.org/Jemmy_Operators_Environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Operators Environment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.netbeans.org/Jemmy_FAQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FAQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.netbeans.org/Jemmy_Samples&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Samples&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T20:44:41.210" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T20:44:41.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18687" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-05-16T15:37:29.303" Score="0" Body="Jemmy is a Java library that is used to create automated tests for Java GUI applications. It contains methods to reproduce all user actions which can be performed on Swing/AWT components" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-05-16T20:44:35.180" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T20:44:35.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18708" CreationDate="2016-05-16T15:39:35.693" Score="1" ViewCount="7704" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to automate box, that displays and auto updates data under it depending on what you type into it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when I type &quot;Joh&quot; it will display &quot;John One&quot; &quot;John Two&quot; in drop down menu, as soon as I have typed at least 3 letters into box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I type with keyboard it works fine, but when I use SendKeys(&quot;Joh&quot;), no auto update happens, no data is shown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using waits or sending only one letter at a time didn't help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could cause it? Are there some other options to send text that could work in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2016-12-30T11:08:38.633" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T11:52:08.987" Title="In Selenium SendKeys() doesn't trigger auto-updating field while normal typing does" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18688" CreationDate="2016-05-16T15:46:57.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Autoupdate happens AFTER you finish typing, right? I think you need to end the string with TAB (&quot;\t&quot;) to leave the input field, so all related events can fire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T15:46:57.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18691" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18693" CreationDate="2016-05-16T16:07:54.563" Score="0" ViewCount="1531" Body="&lt;p&gt;New to JMeter. Running into an issue; every tutorial, video and questions surrounding it haven't seemed to point me in the right direction yet. Hoping to find some help to get over this hump.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to build a test plan to be used for load testing. The site uses dynamically generated URLs and I'm having trouble getting these URLs used in the requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After login we encounter the first dynamically generated URL.&#xA;I've inserted a Regular Expression Post Processor on the thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Apply to: Main sample and sub-samples&#xA;Field to check: Response Message&#xA;Reference Name: baseURL&#xA;Regular Expression: V.baseURL = &quot;(.+?)&quot;&#xA;Template: $1$&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I test the expression in RegExp Tester I'm receiving results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Match count: 1&#xA;&#xA;    Match[1][0]=V.baseURL = &quot;/site_name/servlet/site_nameb/action/Dispatcher/nocacheid/1463414114154/hsid/b316686f3e47f40e3f2abfc5ee3d4e5e&quot;  &#xA;    Match[1][1]=/site_name/servlet/site_nameb/action/Dispatcher/nocacheid/1463414114154/hsid/b316686f3e47f40e3f2abfc5ee3d4e5e &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the subsequent thread HTTP Request I've entered the variable &lt;em&gt;${baseURL}&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;Path&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the test plan I'm getting a syntax exception b/c it's not resolving the variable. The Path is using ${baseURL} in place of the returned value from the Regular Expression. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T17:08:42.667" Title="JMeter - RegEx for URL not resolving as Path variable" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18665" CreationDate="2016-05-16T16:40:43.583" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You did not say what in particular the developer objected to about your assessment, so it is hard to advise you on how you might have improved your writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, the best feedback focuses on repeatable, measurable specifics: &lt;em&gt;measurable specifics&lt;/em&gt; because they are less subject to interpretation, &lt;em&gt;repeatable&lt;/em&gt; because anyone with the same data can reproduce those measurements.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It helps to talk about the &lt;em&gt;results&lt;/em&gt; you want to achieve rather than the &lt;em&gt;people&lt;/em&gt; who need to achieve it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an extreme example, &quot;Bob's code isn't ready&quot; may sound like a criticism of Bob, who in other circumstances may be a great software developer.  It is also not specific enough, because everyone may have a different sense what constitutes ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, &quot;System X still has N high-priority bugs&quot; is both quantitative and repeatable (anyone can query your bug tracking system and count the bugs).  Similarly, &quot;We need N days to test system X in a pre-production system, which unfortunately was not available until very recently&quot; should make it clear that the lack of pre-production feedback was not the developer's fault.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T16:40:43.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18691" CreationDate="2016-05-16T17:08:42.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Field to check: &lt;strong&gt;Response Message&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response Message for successful request will be just &lt;code&gt;OK&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sSe1K.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sSe1K.png&quot; alt=&quot;Response Message&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change &quot;Field to Check&quot; to &lt;strong&gt;Body&lt;/strong&gt; and it should start working as expected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expressions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207421325-Using-RegEx-Regular-Expression-Extractor-with-JMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using RegEx (Regular Expression Extractor) With JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://perlmaven.com/regex-cheat-sheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perl 5 Regex Cheat sheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T17:08:42.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18697" CreationDate="2016-05-16T18:11:50.537" Score="1" ViewCount="7962" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest a good method to use when you want to check if a element is NOT clickable.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In one of my scripts, I'm trying to verify that a button clickable until a certain action is taken on the screen (like entering text in a field or selection a radio button option) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15658" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T13:25:07.300" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T17:39:00.087" Title="How to verify if a button is not clickable in Selenium (C#)?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18695" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-16T18:31:47.370" Score="5" ViewCount="4006" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using a testing framework composed of robot-framework with ExtendedSelenium2Library that our developers are using to write acceptance tests.  Our Web site has several auth options, including direct user/pass but also Google and Twitter OAuth. Devs can run these tests directly on their desktop, and they also get run via our bamboo CI setup locally and using Sauce Labs for crossbrowser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our attempts at testing the Google login to the site work OK on the developers' desktops but as they move into CI (elastic bamboo uses on demand instances in AWS, so IPs etc vary), Google starts responding differently with obvious antiautomation responses like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/azSdd.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/azSdd.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The responses start varying and not being consistent. Is anyone else doing webdriver-type automated testing of a site with Google auth, and if so how have you addressed this problem?  Are there any google account settings (we're a Google Apps customer), or any ways to pre-set up a profile (any browser is OK) to ensure this functionality would really work for a customer with each build?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18352" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T14:18:37.783" Title="How to automate UI testing of an app using a Google login" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18695" CreationDate="2016-05-16T21:41:17.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the plethora of anti-robot measures might indicate that Google does not want you to interact with it using robots, even if you are a Google Apps customer.  From Google support: &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/66357&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Automated queries&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google's Terms of Service do not allow the sending of automated queries of any sort to our system without express permission in advance from Google. Sending automated queries consumes resources and includes using any software (such as WebPosition Gold) to send automated queries to Google to determine how a website or webpage ranks in Google search results for various queries. In addition to rank checking, other types of automated access to Google without permission are also a violation of our Webmaster Guidelines and Terms of Service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the Google apps &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/google-apps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;have APIs&lt;/a&gt; for doing automation; those will probably be easier to program against than writing automation against their web pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-07T14:18:37.783" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T14:18:37.783" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18694" CreationDate="2016-05-16T22:34:49.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assert.IsFalse(button.Enabled);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T22:34:49.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18667" CreationDate="2016-05-16T23:37:49.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm also new to SQA and Testing. So far I've found that I might have a leg-up if I was previously in a dev role (I haven't) but the best sources of info for me have been:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/&lt;/a&gt; - Useful to learn some of the language used in the Software Testing world. From here I've been following the breadcrumbs (Google searching) some of the terms and reading up on methodologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/syllabi/foundation-level-syllabus.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/syllabi/foundation-level-syllabus.html&lt;/a&gt; Getting acquainted with the ISTQB syllabus for becoming a Certified Tester at the fundamental level. Follow the breadcrumbs some more, or if you're so inclined, go for the cert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Podcasts - There are dozens of podcasts on the topic, some great, some a bit too full-on (for me) but they all have something in common besides the topic - they all leave me asking more questions (where as previously I didn't know what questions to ask)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YouTube.com - One of the podcasts mentioned the WhiteboardTesting channel on YouTube. I've watched a couple of this guys videos now, so far seems a good source of info&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O'Reilly.com - eBooks that are DRM free, and they often have very good sales (half price, buy one get one free etc). PLENTY of books here, and you can use the Kindle, Kindle App or almost any other e-reader to read through the books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there are loads of other resources, but this is what I've found in the last few weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18331" LastActivityDate="2016-05-16T23:37:49.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18694" CreationDate="2016-05-17T04:33:41.587" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's hard to check if the button is clickable (working) or not without clicking on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your case, so you can use IsDisplayed and IsEnabled to compare status before and after the changes happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T04:33:41.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18688" CreationDate="2016-05-17T04:40:33.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you need to inspect to know which event fire when typing on the textbox, try to fire that event using JS or JQuery, then force Selenium execute script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T04:40:33.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-17T04:50:26.797" Score="1" ViewCount="935" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing some benchmark testing. During this, I have to increase numbers of users, keeping ramp-up time 1 and loop count 1. &#xA;First I started with 100 users it passed, then I put 500 users it failed, Jmeter stopped internet on my system I couldn't do surfing anymore, checking emails, opening play store, gmail etc, nothing worked and I had to restart computer to make it work again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I have to try different set of users between 100-500 but if I keep restarting laptop it would be very difficult to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My laptop: Windows7 64 bit, 4CPUs, 2.7GHz, 8GB RAM&#xA;Error that I got in failed samples: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Response code: Non HTTP response code: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Response message: Non HTTP response message: Connection to https://the-homepage-I-am-testing.net refused&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T07:30:27.477" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T07:30:27.477" Title="How to prevent Jmeter from stopping internet?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18688" CreationDate="2016-05-17T05:07:26.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead if using &lt;strong&gt;WebDriver&lt;/strong&gt; use the &lt;strong&gt;EventFiringWebDriver&lt;/strong&gt; and sendkeys will work without any issue and fire the text change event as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T05:07:26.693" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18703" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-17T05:47:14.803" Score="0" ViewCount="1176" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using Jmeter to simulate backend but I have not used the aforementioned elements. Do I need to use them? Would that make my Jmeter script better and more realistic? Please explain with Examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T13:23:31.870" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T17:11:33.427" Title="What is the use of HTTP Cache Manager and Cookie Manager in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18685" CreationDate="2016-05-17T07:27:49.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my example of &lt;code&gt;ComponentChooser&lt;/code&gt; usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JButtonOperator flsButton = new JButtonOperator(mainFrame, new ComponentChooser() {&#xA;                public boolean checkComponent(Component comp) {&#xA;                    if (comp == null)&#xA;                        return false;&#xA;                    else if (!(comp instanceof JButton))&#xA;                        return false;&#xA;                    else if (((JButton)comp).getToolTipText().equals(&quot;Accounts&quot;))&#xA;                        return true;&#xA;                    else&#xA;                        return false;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                public String getDescription() {&#xA;                    return &quot;searching for JButton instance with ToolTipText='Accounts'&quot;;&#xA;                }&#xA;            });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T13:19:06.593" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T13:19:06.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18681" CreationDate="2016-05-17T08:43:20.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To improve quality for a software product we are splitting up quality into internal and external quality. Spread over three quality groups. It gives a more detailed view on the different quality aspects that are relevant in software development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;External quality determines &lt;em&gt;the fulfillment of stakeholder requirements&lt;/em&gt; and internal quality determines &lt;em&gt;the ability to move forward on a project&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional Quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meeting the specified requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating software that has few defects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good enough performance. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ease of learning and ease of use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Process Quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meeting delivery dates.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meeting budgets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A repeatable development process that reliably delivers quality software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Structural Quality &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code testability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code maintainability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code understandability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code efficiency.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code security.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources with more details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.davidchappell.com/writing/white_papers/The_Three_Aspects_of_Software_Quality_v1.0-Chappell.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.davidchappell.com/writing/white_papers/The_Three_Aspects_of_Software_Quality_v1.0-Chappell.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://meekrosoft.wordpress.com/2010/10/31/internal-and-external-software-quality/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://meekrosoft.wordpress.com/2010/10/31/internal-and-external-software-quality/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T08:43:20.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18706" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18714" CreationDate="2016-05-17T08:53:32.753" Score="5" ViewCount="1494" Body="&lt;p&gt;What points should I discuss with frontend programmers when preparing a product on which, as a tester, I will use Selenium to automate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am referring to things like no dynamic ids for elements etc. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my example, they will use AngularJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2388" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T10:55:15.450" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T11:01:05.573" Title="What to ask programmers before automating with Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18695" CreationDate="2016-05-17T09:18:44.833" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have found that dealing with third party software in CI/dev environments was a great source of intermittency/failure and pain. &#xA;So in our CI environments, we always create stub services for third parties. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A stub service is basically a fake API service that you control, that behaves the same (or similar) to how the real service does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend this method as it provides the following advantages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't have to rely on external service always being up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't receive anything unexpected (like antiautomation responses)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have complete control of the stub's responses, so you can test how your service will behave if it receives something strange from the external service.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't have to have external connections to the outside world in your CI environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16443" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T09:18:44.833" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18688" CreationDate="2016-05-17T09:31:57.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;At a guess, your page has JavaScript code to search dynamically on any keypress, and SendKeys does not trigger the event that triggers the search. You're going to need to find the JavaScript code that populates your dropdown menu, then work out how to force Selenium to trigger that specific event.&quot; – Kate Paulk 17 hours ago&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This worked, i got event to trigger using selenium.interactions.Actions to simulate keyDown/Up (which was needed for autoupdate to trigger) after sending text with sendKeys&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using JSExecutor or EventFiringWebDriver didnt work in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heres an example in C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        var a = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        a.KeyDown(Keys.LeftShift).KeyUp(Keys.LeftShift);&#xA;        var s = a.Build();&#xA;        s.Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T11:52:08.987" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T11:52:08.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18709" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-17T10:14:09.233" Score="0" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing automation testing. In our web application the employees get daily mail notification. what i need is ,to write test case to check the daily emails. The emails contents are the services that they have to provide(type of services,date,time etc).So i need to check the services displayed in emails are corresponding to that particular employee or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18274" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T10:21:35.280" Title="Email content checking" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18706" CreationDate="2016-05-17T10:14:33.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;AngularJS will generate some HTML, you should take a look on Protractor instead asking for &quot;no dynamic ids&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T10:14:33.697" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18709" CreationDate="2016-05-17T10:21:35.280" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead using Selenium, you can write it by C#, Java or another language. Below is the link for C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13119653/how-to-read-the-body-of-the-message-in-the-mail-retrieve-from-gmail-by-using-pop&quot;&gt;C# sample&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T10:21:35.280" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18712" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18727" CreationDate="2016-05-17T11:24:52.527" Score="3" ViewCount="4516" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can we generate unique distinct users for parallel tests in selenium WebDriver and java?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose, in google create an account action I want to pass firstname, Lastname, Username &amp;amp; Password for different browsers.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I was written script &amp;amp; when it was tried to run in parallelly on IE, Safari, FF &amp;amp; Chrome, It successfully runs on the single browser but for the 2nd browser, it shows for email Id -&quot;Email already exists&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is right because we never create more accounts with the same ID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How to pass different inputs (strings) in same field textbox for different browsers to create an account.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose If we set an array with 4 input strings. should we take a random value from this array for different browsers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;an array of multiple inputs  &#xA;-Email1  &#xA;-Email2  &#xA;-Email3  &#xA;-Email4  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when we run the script in parallelly- for the first browser it should take Email1 -When the same script will run for the 2nd browser it should take email2 ..same for 3rd &amp;amp; 4th.&#xA;  Is it possible in Selenium with java? If Yes, How?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your answer is highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T10:22:23.690" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T10:22:23.690" Title="Can we generate unique distinct users for parallel tests in selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18712" CreationDate="2016-05-17T11:55:12.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation is that you store the state of what has been used within a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the test would initially create a new user with a unique email.  You can use some random character generation or a database sequence to make each one unique.  Personally I recommend using sequences as they are more deterministic than random characters and less likely to have unexpected side-effects.  You then need to store this within that test suite.  The next step or test &lt;em&gt;within&lt;/em&gt; that suite or master test should then use that variable to know the user in question.  The tests that share the info must be grouped to run together to get over the parallelization issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before and after all sets (suites) of tests you should have an empty database.  This can be a big transition/hurdle for some individuals/companies who didn't used to do things this way (clearing the db and creating all the test and reference data for each set of tests) in the past.  Like me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T11:55:12.433" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18706" CreationDate="2016-05-17T13:39:45.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agreeing on good element and attribute identifiers is essential with web applications.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identifying elements is done by developers, designers and automation programmers.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a traditional waterfall environment with most of the requirements and specifications placed up front you can agree that, for example, all elements that will be used, checked, clicked on, etc, have unique IDs.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Another option is to decide that all elements that are used by automation will have data attributes for automation.  For example &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input class='smooth' data-primary-motion=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;l23&quot; data-secondary-motion=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, in today's predominantly Agile environment you have to take a more nuanced approach.  You'll need to work closely with the other folks on the entire development team and agree on how best to identify elements for &lt;strong&gt;everyone&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When first working in such environments (in a QE automation role) I thought I could 'require' a unique id on every field or 'require' a &lt;code&gt;data-qa-...&lt;/code&gt; attribute/value on all fields for automation.  I have since found that this ends up being a &lt;em&gt;huge&lt;/em&gt; battle about naming elements and identifier that wastes a LOT of time and energy and is likely to start stupid naming battles that suck up good energy and generate bad energy.  I've since learned to &quot;live with what's there&quot; for the most part and work within the existing framework.  Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ruby on Rails generates &lt;code&gt;name=&lt;/code&gt; attributes for database related fields making them unique and removing the need to actually name them yourself as they just use the database column name field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes there isn't a unique ID but you can easily identify the element uniquely using other elements.  For example, a locator of &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt; might not be unique as there are multiple forms on the page and none have &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;CLASS&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;NAME&lt;/code&gt; and you don't want to fight the battle and time it takes to add them.  Upon examining the whole page, however, one might find that an identifier of &lt;code&gt;section.header form&lt;/code&gt; might do the job.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In some cases, there is no element or combination of elements that will help and you will need to add them / ask the developers to add them.  If you can prove that you can't uniquely identify the element for automation in a robust and sustainable way they should be amenable to adding them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In some case you may find that you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; uniquely identify the elements but the locator is brittle.  For example &lt;code&gt;table tr tr td td td&lt;/code&gt; might find a certain piece of data in a table but the table is dynamically generated and changes with data.  In these cases use a different strategy such as using another identifier in the 'chain' or adding unique ids to data.  This is also why you don't just right-click on the element and copy its xpath from a browser.  You'll end up with a brittle path many times.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use css locators when possible.  In some cases using css will not work.  For example if you need to find the table row that has an value of &quot;tertiary&quot; in the third column and then grab the value from the first column... consider using xpath to find the 'tertiary' row/column and then xpath relative addressing to get the value from the first cell (two 'back').  I rarely use xpath but this is one example of when I had to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the issues of element selection on web pages you should also pay attention to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Workflows.  Be sure you understand the full path and screens used by happy, sad and options workflows.  Happy is the minimal 'get everything right' path.  Sad is making errors and seeing the feedback and then Options is doing as many 'additional' things as possible on either the happy or sad flows.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Devices and Browsers.  Ask the developers (and the business folks) if they know which devices and browsers will be used / supported and which you should test in.  They may need to think about this and research it. Also ask what they use if they test the UI at all. Look to avoid testing in a browser that developers don't check, and raising issues only to be told 'oh, we don't support that'.  Make sure to base your browser usage statistics on YOUR traffic, not just stats from w3 schools etc.  Make sure that if traffic is mostly mobile (increasing the case!) that developers aren't only looking at, say, Desktop Chrome when saying something works and is 'done'.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Goldilocks approach.  You don't want to over specify the elements, e.g. &lt;code&gt;body section table tr td div&lt;/code&gt; because you are now 'hard-coding' the structure of the web page which is very likely to change and 'break' your path.  Similarly, you don't want to under-specify the elements.  For example &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt; might work today with only 1 form on the page but tomorrow a 'sign-in' form might be added to the top of every page, and this new form might break your path (in this case by finding the first form instead of the 2nd, the one you wanted).  In this case you should consider locators such as &lt;code&gt;form#primary_info&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;section.heading div.feedback form&lt;/code&gt; (assuming those specific id and class names exist on your actual web page).  Don't try to anticipate too much ahead though - that's not agile - so try to get it just right.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use Page Objects as suggested by Neils and share this with the other team members.  If you want the other developers to use the page object model you may need to introduce and champion it.  I've had to do this in several organizations.  If other developers look askance maybe relate to in-line javascript having similar issues with the solution being to extract that detail elsewhere).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Existing tests.  Ask the programmers to go over the (hopefully) existing unit and integration test to get a good sense of what are they testing.  Ask them if they have any good ideas for bits of the UI that should be tested.  Programmers have an inside view of the system and their different perspectives will often generate good test ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally another reason to work within existing frameworks:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some shops will absolutely refuse to allow you to add elements/attributes for automation to pages that end users use.  Frequently the reason given is bandwidth.  In reality, just given an image or two, the extra characters are usually less than 1% or even 0.1% of the total load, but despite this the directive is clear.  One option here is to add a pre-processor that strips out these element/attributes for the live production site but leaves them there for test/staging for use by automation.  I don't recommend this though as you are changing what the users gets from what you tested and it's not a good path to start down imho.  At the end of the day this is why, although I've tried adding elements and special &lt;code&gt;data-qa-...&lt;/code&gt; attributes it's simplest, easiest and quickest to work with existing elements whenever possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers, designers, and automation engineers need to communicate and collaborate and come up with element/attribute identification methods that work for everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T10:59:16.973" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T10:59:16.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18706" CreationDate="2016-05-17T14:01:38.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel your pain - I have to deal with the same problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor (as suggested by Tam Minh) is one way to do that, but for the price: you have to write tests in JavaScript, which is for many (including me) too steep price to pay, because the rest of our development and testing is in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use locating elements by other methods: name, class, tag, text, etc. Often I will get a list of elements with the same name/class and loop over it to detect the one element I need by other means. Yes, it is a bit of hassle, but I prefer to deal with such a hassle than write test in JavaScript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As any engineering task, you have restrictions, relations to other parts of the project, and trade-offs - so you deal with them in the most clever way you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, developers add names/classes for me with little delay. If you need to locate something they don't work on, you can add names yourself and commit changes to the tree (following any review process your shop has).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T11:01:05.573" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T11:01:05.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18706" CreationDate="2016-05-17T14:14:59.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of automating after the code is done, try to automate during development together with the developers. This way you can solve any issues you run into together. Make it part of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/framework/definition-of-done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt; of a feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So instead of planning ahead, try to fix issues as you run into them and get a common understanding of what is expected from each other. Else you might ask things from developers which &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_aren%27t_gonna_need_it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;you ain't gonna need&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things I think that are important that need to be discussed are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can we &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/8516/3201&quot;&gt;test in isolation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What patterns do we implement in the test code (e.g. Page Object Pattern, Test Data Builder)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who fixes the test when one fails and what priority does this get over other work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T11:00:12.393" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T11:00:12.393" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14704" CreationDate="2016-05-17T15:05:58.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the main title one option is to not use Jenkins and use CircleCI, another CI server.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I used to Jenkins myself and switched recently to CircleCI (via a job move).  In Jenkins we had several issues (can't remember details) that prevented us from running in Parallel but in CircleCI it is easier and is working well.  We use 4 slots so our 24 minute suite runs in about 6 or 7 minutes which is very nice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T15:05:58.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18718" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-17T15:07:59.067" Score="2" ViewCount="4568" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've come across a strange problem when I execute my testcases via testNG.xml they are fine and passed but whenever I execute the same testcase in Jenkins I got the following exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Element is not clickable at point (663.6666870117188, 30). Other element would receive the click: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note there is no scroll in the page and no loading of element for which driver should have to wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T16:00:29.357" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T18:01:20.750" Title="Testcase fails in Jenkins but passes locally via testNG.xml in IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18718" CreationDate="2016-05-17T15:57:59.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;UI feature tests passing in Jenkins, CircleCI (or other Continuous Integration servers) that fail locally or vica-versa is not uncommon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell they are basically due to different environments behaving differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The environments may vary in regards to things such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OS - your local might be a Mac, Jenkins might be Ubuntu&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;memory type and size&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hard drive type and speed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;location&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;network speed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The combination of all these and other factors can ultimately lead to the tests running under different conditions and what works (in terms of timing) to load pages, javascript, css etc. and execute ajax requests can be quite different and ultimately leading to the case that what works on one system... sometimes doesn't work on another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The end result, unfortunately, is that you will need to work on these failure to make sure they pass in both environments before considering the work 'done'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to work with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;explicit waits&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;implicit waits&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ajax issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of my UI automation work time over the past 2 years has been spent dealing with issues like this and in particular, intermittent failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problems are exacerbated by the fact that the selenium drivers for different browsers can in themselves have different issues.  I am currently working with a test suite that gets different failures in Chrome, Firefox, Safari 8, Safari 9, IE 11 and IE 13 and in each case most of the failures are specific to the browser driver and pass in all the others browser drivers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T15:57:59.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18720" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-17T16:14:24.947" Score="3" ViewCount="384" Body="&lt;p&gt;We send SMS to customers in multiple countries (several countries in Europe, US, Australia). Our customers use different mobile networks in their respective countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we test that our SMS sending partners can actually deliver messages to the networks our customers use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.simtest.it/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Simtest.it&lt;/a&gt; but we would like an alternative, as we have the problem that we never know who to blame when SMS aren't received in our test setup: did our partners screw up or is it a Simtest.it problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clarification:&lt;/strong&gt; The type of service I'm looking for is someone having separate mobile phones connected to computers in all my target countries. The service gives me these telephone numbers, I send an SMS there (possibly including some special token to identify the sender) and I get a report what SMS were received on what telephone number at what time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Delivery notifications for arbitrary recipients (what Twilio is offering) are a different thing. We already get those from most of our SMS partners, and if you believe all of them you might just as well believe in Santa Claus. They may be reliable if you only send via Twilio to the US, but as soon as you go abroad all bets are off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18368" LastEditorUserId="18368" LastEditDate="2016-05-17T20:43:40.713" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T03:28:39.357" Title="Test whether SMS are received by customers" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18703" CreationDate="2016-05-17T17:11:33.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; - represents browser cookies. You will need it to deal with cookie-based authentication and to mimic real user sessions starting from login so the whole business process will be performed by the same JMeter thread which represents virtual user which in their turn should be as close to real users as possible&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt; - required to represent browser cache. Real browsers are downloading embedded resources like images, scripts, styles, etc. when they request web pages. However well-behaved browsers do it &lt;strong&gt;only once&lt;/strong&gt;, on subsequent requests aforementioned images, styles, etc. are being returned from cache and no actual requests are being made to the server. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733719-How-to-make-JMeter-behave-more-like-a-real-browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How To Make JMeter Behave More Like A Real Browser&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed explanation of above Test Elements and few more tips on how to make your test more realistic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T17:11:33.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18720" CreationDate="2016-05-17T17:54:52.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've used &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.twilio.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Twilio&quot;&gt;Twilio&lt;/a&gt; before and it works pretty well, however I do not think it is free but very cheap (cents per text message). So that might be worth trying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T17:54:52.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18720" CreationDate="2016-05-17T19:16:22.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my co-worker who tested an SMS feature recently, there is a Twilio API for getting the status of the text for short code phone numbers that you can use to get delivery confirmation of texts sent w/ Twilio. This is likely the same thing Mercfh was thinking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He does not believe that the cellular venders have APIs to report back delivery. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He also mentioned that there was a Google Voice API for SMS text testing that is no longer supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recognize this isn't an ideal answer (hearsay + no clear recommendation), but it gives you a few more directions to investigate (or not), and maybe it will encourage someone more knowledgable to post something better :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="130" LastActivityDate="2016-05-17T19:16:22.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18724" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-17T23:41:31.313" Score="0" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working as a QA since almost ~5 years now. While I am one of the senior QA in my team, and have brought in other quality aspects to the table, my automation skills are still &quot;beginner&quot;. As my jobs have always been manual, with manual : automation ratio being 70:30 or best 60:40, I haven't in all these years been able to improve my skills. more specifically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I seem to take quite more time to complete an automation task / user story as compared to my other QA team mates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It takes me time to understand code. I can do it myself, but I need time, more time than my teammates need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not happy about my debugging skills, though I am actively trying to learn from colleagues and myself.&#xA;Also, I feel like I am not quite there when it comes to adding value to the automation framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issues and concerns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like I am very slow to grow in this area, could that possibly cause me to get fired? Would it be a better idea to focus on other areas since I seem to be bad at this one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18372" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-10T14:31:56.927" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T15:26:06.437" Title="Dealing with a slow growth curve in improving automation skills and how that affects ones' career" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13923" CreationDate="2016-05-18T03:44:39.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My product use AngularJS and Select2 jquery for the dropdown and it appears same as your case, hope my exeperience can help you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 2 ways to do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Execute JS to enable the dropdown, then select item as normal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;driver.ExecuteScript($('elementLocator').attr('Style','display:block'))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on div first to enable something (as @scorpion mentioned)&#xA;, then sendkeys to text field (in my case) or select from dropdown if the drop down is enabled now. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T03:44:39.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18712" CreationDate="2016-05-18T04:53:36.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;So what you are trying to do is have a script run on different browsers and want to register a user with a unique email address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, Google allows you to use single email address for such testing purposes with incremental characters appended to your ID. How this works is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a Gmail account say example@gmail.com. You can use this same account for testing purpose and register different unique users by appending &quot;+&quot; followed a character, string or number and then rest of the address (@gmail.com). For example, &#xA;example+1@gmail.com&#xA;example+2@gmail.com&#xA;...&#xA;example+n@gmail.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the email conversations for each of these regisered user will go to example@gmail.com, but the name and email will be the respective test account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what you need to do is have a array of various email addresses in the format explained above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write a loop to generate such email addresses with incremental numbers appended to the ID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, you can pass a different email address for each browser instance using a loop, or a conditional check. You can do something like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;if(browser is FF) { pass example+1@gmail.com &#xA;  }&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;if(browser is IE) { pass example+2@gmail.com &#xA;  } &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;if(browser is Chrome) { pass example+3@gmail.com &#xA;  }&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also have a loop that will rotate the browsers and at the same time generate a unique auto increment email and register a user. Some thing like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(i=0;i&amp;lt;n;i++)&#xA;{&#xA;    for(j=0;j&amp;lt;4;j++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if(j==0){Browser = FF}&#xA;        if(j==1){Browser = IE}&#xA;        if(j==2){Browser = Chrome}&#xA;        if(j==3){Browser = Safari}&#xA;        email increment&#xA;        register user&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T04:59:18.913" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T04:59:18.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18724" CreationDate="2016-05-18T05:22:24.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why is everybody so obsessed with coding and automation for Quality Assurance/Analysis? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, use of tools does help in testing but its not what testing or QA is. There's so much to quality analysis than trying to automate everything. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not everyone has equal skills. Some people are good at coding, while others are good at thinking and coming up with good logic. Since college days till current time, I've always sucked whene I tried to write a piece of code myself. I've tried to learn but the growth rate has been so damn slow because most of the time I just don't understand the code. But, I realised that soon enough (while I was in college itself) and also realised that I can come up with a logic for the problem with hand that can be a base for writing good code and solving the problem at hand. So, I write down the logic or algorithm on a piece of paper and give it to my friend (who is good at coding) and s/he writes the code as per the logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's not just it. I am by each day learning how to ask right question at the right time and am always curious. This helps me a great deal in analysing quality of software that I'm testing. Plus, I also try to come up with easier ways for automation rather than writing the code my self. For example, My friend and I were trying to learn JMeter for performance analysis. Although he is good at coding we were finding it difficult to get our hands on JMeter. So I thought of doing it in an easier way and started searching for tools that can give me ready made scripts. I stumbled upon Blazemeter (Chrome's extension) and it worked out very well for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to be good at identifying issues and also try to find out better solutions to slove those issues, not just for you but for your developers as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also train yourself with business analysis and project management skills to grow your career. Automation is not the ultimate or only reason for a good career in QA and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know a person (used to be my neighbor) how hasen't done actual testing himself (not even manual), but still is so good with his knowledge about QA and testing that he leads a big team of testers at his job place and infact I start my career as his trainee. He didn't need any tools or coding skills for his career growth. All he required (all anybody for that matter requires) is clear thought process, and priorities and a destinaiton in mind for growth. It may happen that the path or even the destination changes over time. Well, that's just the way things are. As you are traversing your path new things unfold and you have to rethink and try different things. But, each path and every individual's journey is different. So don't worry if your not as good at coding as your colleagues. Focus on your strengths and work on them to move forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T05:22:24.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18658" CreationDate="2016-05-18T06:58:05.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your picture, I guess that you just enter the text and still not Save, so it is not updated and you cannot get it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&gt; Try to save it, then open it again, I think you can get the text easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the text already Save, try to inspect element and search &quot;Administrator&quot; text to see where it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T06:58:05.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18731" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-18T07:33:31.607" Score="2" ViewCount="1089" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to selenium and I'm having following query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Query: Am working on a project where I need to copy 4000 values from an excel in a single go and I need to paste that in the list box of application. (The list box in the application can accept maximum of 4000 values)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The excel consists of 4000 values in its first 4000 rows(In a single column). I just need to copy all the values instead of using iterators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me in achieving this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18377" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:12:34.003" LastActivityDate="2021-04-03T12:02:20.253" Title="Selenium - How to copy entire excel column without using iterator" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8908" CreationDate="2016-05-18T07:56:53.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if Push Message is received when Device is locked.&#xA;Preconditions: App is Closed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if Push Message is received when Device is locked.&#xA;Preconditions: App is in Background.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if Push Message is received.&#xA;Preconditions: App is in use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if Push Message is received.&#xA;Preconditions: App is Closed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if Push Message is received.when other app is in use.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Preconditions: App is in background.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18379" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T08:00:31.380" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T08:00:31.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18754" CreationDate="2016-05-18T10:12:07.393" Score="0" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;During autotest execution (&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/jemmy&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;jemmy&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;jemmy&lt;/a&gt; lib is used to interact with Java GUI elements) address data is entered and button 'Search for address' is pressed. At some addresses notification dialog with progressbar are displayed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eQwaq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eQwaq.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code of &lt;code&gt;submitAddress&lt;/code&gt; function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void submitAddress(JFrameOperator flsFrame) {&#xA;    // II&#xA;    JButtonOperator searchByAddressButton = new JButtonOperator(flsFrame, Chooser.chooseButtonByToolTipText(&quot;Открыть квартиру&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;    searchByAddressButton.clickMouse();&#xA;&#xA;    JTabbedPaneOperator tab = new JTabbedPaneOperator(flsFrame, 0);&#xA;    long time = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;\nAddress has not been found within &quot; + time + &quot;ms\n&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I set breakpoint on JtabbedPane initialization, execution pointer does not come to it untill I press OK on notification dialog. So the test is halting at &lt;code&gt;searchByAddressButton.clickMouse();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to set following timeouts to 5000 milliseconds but it was in vain (&lt;a href=&quot;https://jemmy.java.net/OperatorsEnvironment.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;full list of timeouts at jemmy.java.net&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test.WholeTestTimeout&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ComponentOperator.WaitComponentTimeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ActionProducer.MaxActionTime&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DialogWaiter.WaitDialogTimeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EventDispatcher.WaitQueueEmptyTimeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EventDispatcher.WaitQueueEmptyTimeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QueueTool.WaitQueueEmptyTimeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QueueTool.LockTimeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ButtonOperator.PushButtonTimeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JProgressBarOperator.WaitValueTimeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JemmyProperties.setCurrentTimeout(&quot;Test.WholeTestTimeout&quot;, 5000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see even the whole test timeout does not help to identify that test is strucked at &lt;code&gt;searchByAddressButton.clickMouse();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advices, suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Temporary solution&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set test execution timeout in &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/testng&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;testng&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;testng&lt;/a&gt; test annotation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(timeOut = 30000)&#xA;public void testOpenFlsTabs() throws Exception {&#xA;    ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T13:52:19.077" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T13:52:19.077" Title="Jemmy strucked at clickMouse() when notification dialog with progressbar are displayed" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;java-gui&gt;&lt;jemmy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18745" CreationDate="2016-05-18T10:53:16.857" Score="1" ViewCount="305" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good day, I've been working for some time now on a web app and recently my workload has grown tremendously. I have to take presentable (showing correct info and setup) screenshots for our product and they are around 300 per language, with 6 languages supported and more coming. This is done monthly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I'm using a combination of Selenium (for the web UI navigation and inputs/clicks), Lighscreen (to take screenshots) and ImageMagick(to format the screenshots).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions is - is there a better way to do this? What tool(s) could replace or improve my existing setup? Could I find/create a Python/Perl/ custom script that would do the same job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example workflow is - I record my actions via Selenium, add the necessary inputs to trigger Lighstscreen where I need it, use AutoIT or just manually run ImageMagick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18382" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T15:19:45.797" Title="Automating web app screenshots and inputs" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;input-field&gt;&lt;screenshot&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-05-24T08:23:13.937" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8908" CreationDate="2016-05-18T11:02:42.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start with the good answers above, but don't forget to ask you customers, developers, architects or sells people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as always go over &lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/posters/TheTestEye_SourcesForTestIdeas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;37 Sources for Test Ideas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples could be- existing bugs, standards, data about usage and issues etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T11:02:42.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18739" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18747" CreationDate="2016-05-18T11:40:38.603" Score="0" ViewCount="573" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I have issues configuring and using Appium on Mac. Can you recommend some detailed step by step manual. I can not figure out all required steps. My problem is that I need quickly set up working environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I installed Appium app. I configured server and started it. I don't see Appium session when try inspector. Also in my Appium App I can not run Appium-doctor, even I install it using terminal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still not figure out where I have to use Appium Java client and Selenium stand-alone server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;EDIT:&lt;/em&gt; I executed following steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installed Appium dmg&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create .ipa &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Point that .ipa path in iOS config in Appium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uploaded app to iOS simulator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set simulator UDID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start Server &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I see status 200 in the log&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wehn I try to use inspector it give me error: &quot;Could not launch Appium inspector&quot;. In the log - &quot;could not initialize ideviceinstaller;&quot; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14690" LastEditorUserId="14690" LastEditDate="2016-05-18T11:54:34.623" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T11:06:21.227" Title="How to Configure Appium on Mac OS?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18650" CreationDate="2016-05-18T12:04:59.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One (ptobably not the best and suitable not for every case) possibility is to use varibales during the test execution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Simplified example&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test scenario consists of two input screens where I have to test the presence of certain elements (title, logo, some text etc. I run the test scenario until the end (output screen) and during execution I set suite variables (e.g. &lt;code&gt;LogoVisible&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;TitleVisible&lt;/code&gt;)  to &lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt; depending on presence of the corresponding elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was in a way the main test. After that there are subtests which consist only of evaluating of those variables: if &lt;code&gt;LogoVisible&lt;/code&gt; is&lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt; then set test &quot;Check Logo Visibility&quot; to Passed, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this you have only one test execution but can test several isolated things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15347" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T12:04:59.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18739" CreationDate="2016-05-18T14:12:27.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure If you have installed jDK/XCODE prior to installing appium. Here are the steps that you need to follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Install Java JDK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure JAVA HOME&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Install XCODE&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install android SDK&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure ANDROID HOME&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Appium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the step by step guide for all above steps. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testautomationsimplified.com/appium-tutorial/appium-download-osx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Appium Download &amp;amp;Installation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T14:12:27.223" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18744" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-18T14:12:36.810" Score="1" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I'm trying to do is to make test deployment easier. We're developing many features of a webpage at the same time, and it's come to the point where it takes a lot of time to get each version of these feature branches out to the test server so the customer who has the final say can test, give feedback/final OK on the changes made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm looking for a way to automate this and let the customer choose the git commit/branch from some kind of menu and then be taken to the correct version of the webpage. This way I don't have to update the test server, then let the customer know so they can test, then wait for feedback.&#xA;It probably has to be a part of some kind of continuous build/testing integration? So the commit is built and can actually be run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pointers to where I should start, what to read, software to check out would be highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18386" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-14T13:24:18.487" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T14:34:53.703" Title="How to control the deployment of features and branches in test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;git&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18735" CreationDate="2016-05-18T15:19:45.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automating the screenshots can be done by webdriver directly - see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/8900173/1982126&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;. But I assume that by saying &quot;I record my actions via Selenium&quot; you mean Selenium IDE - that is different from webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium webdriver requires some (not much, especially in Python) programming skills. Python would be more future-proof than Perl, and also easier to learn - substantially less quirky, IMNSHO. Google will give you plenty of examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So depending on your programming skills, it should be relatively straightforward to write Python script using Selenium webdriver to completely automate navigation between pages, making screenshots, saving images with appropriate names into directories. Would be a really fun and straightforward project to do. Not sure if you can find free ready-made tool to do that, unless you are ready to pay for it - take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://applitools.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://applitools.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T15:19:45.797" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18744" CreationDate="2016-05-18T15:38:42.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To avoid running many different versions of the website, one for every commit/branch, you may need to use a lot of symlinks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do use something similar (with Subversion). You can checkout a branch, and script changes symlinks and restarts the relevant servers, so it &quot;just works&quot; and change takes few seconds (not counting checkout time). Of course some code changes require database changes, so then the magic breaks... :-(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change of current branch of code is done by a script, not from web GUI - but that would possible too I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I do not think having such separate code instance would be feasible for every feature. It would be just way too many of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T15:38:42.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18739" CreationDate="2016-05-18T16:02:36.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Replace&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;--device-name &quot;iPhone 6 (8DB01BD3-E974-4BA6-AB40-50182BFD8800)&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;--device-name &quot;iPhone 6&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Appium GUI from in list &quot;iPhone 6 (8DB01BD3-E974-4BA6-AB40-50182BFD8800) (8.1 Simulator)&quot; remove all text except &quot;iPhone 6&quot; and try again (valid for MAC GUI).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastActivityDate="2016-05-18T16:02:36.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18749" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18765" CreationDate="2016-05-18T20:51:34.057" Score="1" ViewCount="26306" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can i stop the execution of a test case if an exception happen and caught and move to next one. I am using TestNG, Eclipse, Selenium. In my xml, i have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name = &quot;Regression Suite&quot; &amp;gt;       &#xA;&amp;lt;listeners&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;listener class-name=&quot;Utility.Listener&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/listener&amp;gt; &#xA; &amp;lt;/listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name = &quot;Regression&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;class name = &quot;Scripts.TestNG_Temp&quot;/&amp;gt;  --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;class name = &quot;Scripts.CreateAppointment&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void main(){&#xA;try{&#xA;driver.findElment(by.name(&quot;textbox)).click();&#xA;}cuaght(ElementNotFoundException e){&#xA;//here i want to stop the execution of my test case, close the browser &amp;amp; move to next one.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18149" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T12:54:48.373" Title="If a test case fails, how to close the browser and move to the next one?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18749" CreationDate="2016-05-18T23:29:06.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand you want execution to stop if error occurs, in that case you don't want to inclose your code in try and catch block. Remove try and catch block and add @AfterMethod in your testng class. Once your program errors out it would move move to AfterMethod block or after successful completion of your test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterMethod &#xA;public void cleanup(){&#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastEditorUserId="18311" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T00:20:47.197" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T00:20:47.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20572" CreationDate="2016-05-19T05:56:54.793" Score="5" ViewCount="1163" Body="&lt;p&gt;My feeling is that both types of testing check system behavior for random sequence of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the difference is that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in &lt;strong&gt;property-based testing&lt;/strong&gt; there are multiple equivalence classes; I define expected behavior and generate a set of random values for each class separately&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whereas in &lt;strong&gt;fuzz-testing&lt;/strong&gt; there is only on equivalence class that the system does not break (i.e., throw exception or core dump) for any random value, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my understanding correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T06:34:37.403" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T07:53:48.010" Title="What's the difference between fuzz-testing and property-based testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18753" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-19T06:58:52.007" Score="3" ViewCount="2585" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explanation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are currently using a self-made testing framework/tool, to test services of an client-server application. The framework currently works with own implemented JUnit like &lt;code&gt;assert&lt;/code&gt; methods and reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The frameworks works like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases are defined as CSV files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each line of a CSV file contains a test step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each test step has a unique name and parameters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Simplified Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;Create Product;name;price;count&#xA;;PlayStation 3;300;10&#xA;Validate Product;name;price;count&#xA;;PlayStation 3;300;10&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each test step is defined as a Java class&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The framework parse the CSV file, find the test steps, create a test case to run it and create a report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I want&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to execute the test cases and report the results by native JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the question?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I generate JUnit compatible test cases by CSV files and test steps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Useful information&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of reasons, we are not able to switch to a completely new framework like Cucumber or anything similar. The goal is to have the JUnit &lt;code&gt;assert&lt;/code&gt; methods, because they are more reliable than self-made and to have the JUnit reports, that tools like Bamboo, Jenkins and other are able to get accurate reports in the compatible JUnit format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently try different things to implement JUnit in the framework, but haven't found a solution yet. I hope I am able to solve this issue with your support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know any other framework or library to solve this issue, please also let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have any questions to understand the question or context better, let me know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your support. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to create a custom JUnit runner. The issue is that a JUnit Runner expects a test class and in this case a test class doesn't exists. I looked into projects like Cucumber to see how they implemented the JUnit Runner but wasn't able to figure out how it's working yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7689" LastEditorUserId="7689" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T08:55:09.757" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T21:58:13.590" Title="How to generate test cases for JUnit?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18734" CreationDate="2016-05-19T07:08:21.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution is to use &lt;code&gt;NoBlock&lt;/code&gt; operation (&lt;code&gt;.pushNoBlock();&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;.pushMenuNoBlock(&quot;File|Open&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;) with manually set timer &lt;code&gt;ComponentOperator.WaitComponentTimeout&lt;/code&gt; and checking for any new component that should appear in GUI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JemmyProperties.setCurrentTimeout(&quot;ComponentOperator.WaitComponentTimeout&quot;, 5000); // 5 seconds&#xA;...&#xA;searchByAddressButton.pushNoBlock();&#xA;new JTabbedPaneOperator(flsFrame, 0);   // check that new object has appeared (in 5 seconds)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T07:08:21.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2016-05-19T07:19:40.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Determine the requirements and test for them.  I would imagine testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different sized bread (area) should be usable in the device&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different sized bread (thickness) should be usable in the device&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bagels should be toastable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bread should not fall against heating elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to produce light, medium and dark toast&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to toast 1, 2 or 4 (if needed) slices at once&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to automatically stop when toast is done without manual intervention&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to toast 2 slices light and 2 slices dark at the same time (if 4 slot)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to set  toasting level that is remembered next time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Size, must fit into regular kitchens&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appearance, must be attractive for the consumer in their culture&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to easily retrieve bread &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; toasting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Device should be able to toast multiple sets of bread slices in a row&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Device should have mechanism for catching crumbs over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Collected crumbs should be easily removable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A safe plug so it can be plugged into electricity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A mechanism to prevent knives being poked at heating elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Grounded to prevent shorts and fires&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No meltable or flammable elements during normal operation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Works safely through a power cut &amp;amp; power restoration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Toasts in a reasonable amount of time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T08:53:02.790" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T08:53:02.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18757" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-19T10:51:18.457" Score="5" ViewCount="8252" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can we detect suitable regression test-cases in the full test suite to use whenever we receive new build?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are useful strategies to go about such a selection?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18381" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T08:30:10.077" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T00:01:20.003" Title="How to identify regression tests?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18758" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18763" CreationDate="2016-05-19T11:00:42.703" Score="1" ViewCount="1843" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on an automation project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the project itself complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I am now integrating Selenium Grid into my project to run my tests parallel on different browsers e.g (Chrome, IE and Firefox).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I'm having is that my whole project is constructed of Static Methods and Selenium Grid doesn't seem to like this as I'm having driver issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've spoken to many people I work with and the only option we can see at the moment is to change the whole project around, but this will be very tedious and time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other solution to running Selenium Grid with the static classes to provide parallel testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18390" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T08:31:35.070" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T07:55:33.953" Title="Parallel Testing with Selenium Grid - Static classes have driver issues" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18712" CreationDate="2016-05-19T11:10:59.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you do not mind about random values, for email you can use javascript to generate valid email anytime the TestCase runs including runs in different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example (you can modify or change the script):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;javascript{&#xA;   /*random email*/&#xA;   var chars = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'; &#xA;   chars[Math.floor(Math.random()*26)]+Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,8)+'.'+chars[Math.floor(Math.random()*26)]+Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,6)+'@'+chars[Math.floor(Math.random()*26)]+Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,7)+&quot;.&quot;+chars[Math.floor(Math.random()*26)]+chars[Math.floor(Math.random()*26)]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be very uncommon, that the same value would be generated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BEWARE:&lt;/strong&gt; On the other hand, using &lt;strong&gt;random numbers in testing&lt;/strong&gt; is not a best practice, as different values could lead to different test results. Therefore doublechceck, if the resulted values are always valid for the test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T11:10:59.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18688" CreationDate="2016-05-19T11:25:01.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I reccomend after SendKeys to fire an event &lt;code&gt;fireEvent(locator, blur)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From documentation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;fireEvent(locator, eventName)&#xA;Arguments:&#xA;    locator - an element locator&#xA;    eventName - the event name, e.g. &quot;focus&quot; or &quot;blur&quot;&#xA;Explicitly simulate an event, to trigger the **corresponding &quot;onevent&quot; handler**.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SendKeys does not do the same thing as your keyboard does and the text is injected by Selenium javascipts, but no key is really pressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T11:25:01.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18761" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-19T11:40:59.437" Score="1" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my code the daily emails generated by java code.&#xA;Is it possible to write pure java code inside a Selenium IDE automation test case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18274" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T12:39:37.010" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T23:54:29.887" Title="Java code inside a test case" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18758" CreationDate="2016-05-19T14:24:47.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would assume that to run test cases in parallel, you need to have multiple instances of the same test - which is not possible if classes are static.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Agile development, when deciding which approach to use to solve a problem, good idea is try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/spike_solutions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;spike solution&lt;/a&gt; - in your example it would be before committing yourself to architecture, try one simple test (with your original static class design) and run in on the grid. Idea is to test your assumption about the approach using whole technology stack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T14:24:47.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18749" CreationDate="2016-05-19T16:45:04.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the element not being found is an expected failure in the event of a bug.  One thing you can do is throw an assertion error which imitates the natural way to fail a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    driver.findElment(by.name(&quot;textbox&quot;)).click();&#xA;} catch(ElementNotFoundException e) {&#xA;    throw new AssertionError(&quot;A clear description of the failure&quot;, e);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Passing in your original exception as the second argument preserves the original cause of failure, which will be reported in your testng results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.AssertionError: A clear description of the failure&#xA;at ...&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotFoundException: I couldn't find an element!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the other answers mention, make sure you have code in place to clean up your test environment and close your webdriver connection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T16:45:04.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18767" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18772" CreationDate="2016-05-19T17:53:14.250" Score="0" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test a parser that parses configuration files written in YAML syntax and generates the graph. Are there any tools or approaches that would be helpful in testing the parser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18405" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T21:38:18.697" Title="What is the best way to test a parser that parses configuration files written in YAML syntax?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18757" CreationDate="2016-05-19T18:54:12.033" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This doesn't have a single answer; it depends on the state of the code and the level you're testing at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a high level, regression tests are tests that you have for things that currently work in the product, and should continue to work the same way in the future.  So in order to identify regression tests, you need to identify parts of the program that aren't expected to change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For what I test, mostly, this is easy, because my company made a promise that any code written against supported interfaces will always work. So our regression bucket, at a minimum, consists of all our test cases that test things that are designated as supported interfaces.  If you're testing some product that exposes an API, or is callable somehow, you should be able to do something similar, if those interfaces are supposed to be stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, not all companies/projects/products make the same promise, in which case, you can't necessarily use prior test cases that tested interfaces as a regression suite (although ideally if there's an API, there should be documentation provided saying what has/hasn't changed that you can use, and instead of changing already existing interfaces, they should create new ones/extend the existing ones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on your use of external libraries, you might also consider putting regression testcases together for those as well, in case they make some sort of incompatible change that isn't documented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T18:54:12.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18757" CreationDate="2016-05-19T19:29:55.263" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every application is different. Every organization is different. Every organization and application has a different risk tolerance that determines how many of your test cases need to be part of your regression suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At one extreme, any test case that hasn't been deprecated by changes to the application is part of the regression test suite. This happens when the software/organization has a very low risk tolerance (e.g. medical device software, financial software, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the other extreme, if any regression occurs, it's a smoke test at best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience most places are somewhere in the middle and perform regression against the most critical, highest impact parts of the application. Exactly how far they go depends on the organization, the tools they're using, and the nature of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T19:29:55.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18757" CreationDate="2016-05-19T20:07:17.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finding good set of regression test cases may require good understanding of a domain. You may not want to select any random number of test cases for regression which may not be very common scenarios in the production. You may want to get help from BA or solution design team to understand most important &amp;amp; common scenarios. Many projects follow RBT (RISK based Testing) approach to prioritize their test cases. RBT defines likely hood of failure and impact of failure. These two parameters can serve good starting point for the team to find out most important scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following criteria (but not limited) can be applied for selection of Regression Test Cases.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scenarios which touch base most of the functional points of AUT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scenarios which are more common in production (based on volume or&#xA;market data) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scenarios which verify core features of application or&#xA;a product &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scenarios which are likely to fail Complex scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scenarios related to functionalities which have undergone changes in a recent past &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastEditorUserId="18311" LastEditDate="2016-05-19T20:43:30.570" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T20:43:30.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-19T20:42:32.677" Score="3" ViewCount="1589" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've gone over SQE's ISTQB-FL course twice and have read the official ISTQB-FL syllabus (and plan to read it again), but I'm still very nervous about taking the exam. Some of the sample exams I've taken have had extremely tricky/difficult questions. Some of them even have questions with terms that aren't in the syllabus (e.g., McCabe's Cyclomatic Complexity). At this point I'm thinking that I'll have to say screw it and just schedule and take the real thing, because the sample exams obviously aren't a true example of the real test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone who's taken this test (passed or failed) give me some input? It would be much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18412" LastEditorUserId="5903" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T03:21:30.780" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T04:08:49.653" Title="How hard is the ISTQB Foundation Level Certification Exam?" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-05-20T09:03:23.207" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18767" CreationDate="2016-05-19T21:38:18.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that there are already YAML parsers out there for a variety of languages, I'd be very tempted to use one of those as an oracle, and then have both parse arbitrary YAML files, and compare the output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-05-19T21:38:18.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18773" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-20T01:01:30.157" Score="0" ViewCount="425" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/markdown-plain-link-replacer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;markdown link replacer&lt;/a&gt; for npm and some my tests are failing at random because too many requests are being issued at the same time.  Now I probably need to put some kind of limiter in there controlling how fast it issues requests, and a test server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it got me wondering if there was a free test page to test web bots or crawlers on.  I tried &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codedread.com/test-crawlers.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'Test Page For Crawlers'&lt;/a&gt;, but even it rejected my hammering.  So is there a page on the internet that lets you test bots on it?  I imagine every site must have their limits (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DDOS&lt;/a&gt;), but there could be a site built for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there a free page to test web readers or bots on?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:  I'm looking for a website that can receive the hammering from multiple integration tests. I think the Selenium test page is just for direct dom manipulation from a single request rather than pulling the web page rapidly over and over.  I could be wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18414" LastEditorUserId="18414" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T15:31:51.460" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T15:59:19.300" Title="Is there a free page to test website bots on?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-05-23T11:30:26.940" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18771" CreationDate="2016-05-20T04:08:49.653" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have taken this exam and in first attempt I scored 92.5% marks, so its not a very difficult exam. You just need to download the syllabus from ISTQB website and study all the topics for around 1 month. No need to study anything from outside. The syllabus is enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you will appear in the exam you will find that almost all the questions you have read somewhere in that syllabus, so you will be easily able to answer all the question. I would like to say don't hesitate and prepare for it. It is simple and also good for preparing a strong base for software testing concepts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best of luck :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T04:08:49.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-20T06:31:34.157" Score="1" ViewCount="427" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for UFT and TFS integration (Run test from TFS like we did with HPQC) I search on google but no help . If anyone know how to do this please let me know steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12072" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T12:03:11.200" Title="UFT 12.02 integration with TFS" Tags="&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18776" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18785" CreationDate="2016-05-20T06:39:03.223" Score="2" ViewCount="6234" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a link in Website which will redirect to PDF document after clicking&#xA;I would like to check if PDF is loaded in the browser or not using selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not want to compare the text/content in the loaded PDF or checking the pdf extension in the URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know how to automate the above scenario &#xA;appreciate the response ASAP&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18417" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T09:09:49.753" LastActivityDate="2020-04-24T13:53:50.860" Title="How to validate if PDF is loaded or not in Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18757" CreationDate="2016-05-20T08:21:49.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found that basically all of the tests and test suites that I have used and created for unit and integrated tests are regression tests.  They are tests to say that 'this did work and should work now' and then when they break you know you need to fix/change them and/or the underlying code.  This has been true in the last 3 companies I have worked for.  Note however that these positions all used ruby on rails and rspec-capybara-selenium for the testing framework.  Different and older frameworks may present different opportunities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests in a BDD/TDD environment may initially be written as tests ahead of the actual code.  However once the tests pass and all the code is written, if these tests are kept around (which is normally the case) they effectively become regression tests for the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests that I might &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; consider as regression tests are performance and load tests.  Even with these though, if the tests help establish a benchmark for what is reasonable and then a change is made which affects performance it can be visible in the performance/load tests.  So they are acting as regression tests too, making sure that, despite changes, nothing regresses in the performance area.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in terms of &lt;em&gt;&quot;How can we detect suitable regression test-cases in the full test suite to use whenever we receive new build?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  My answer to that is that you should talk with the product owner and application developers to determine what is suitable.  It should be a team decision through shared understanding.  &quot;Detection&quot; is not practical given the wide variety of situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day I mostly consider tests == regression tests and don't worry too much about exact definitions, definitions aren't the important part of my job.  The important thing is to identify key functionality and make sure it has tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T08:29:04.947" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T08:29:04.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18753" CreationDate="2016-05-20T09:28:20.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your position I would look at creating a single JUnit test that loops through the csv rows and behaves accordingly based on the parameters given in each row. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you haven't done it like this for reportability reasons? You want to be able to get feedback on each row or something like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to hack at the TestRunner to do something like that for you. But it would be a lot less painful for you to run it in a single test, then analyse the results in some lovely format at the end (you could look into TAP results for example)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what a hacky implementation would look like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void shouldCsvItUp() throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;    YourCsvTestRunner csvTestRunner = new YourCsvTestRunner(&quot;my-csv-file.csv&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    MyTest test;&#xA;    // create empty array of test results&#xA;    List&amp;lt;MyTestResult&amp;gt; errorsResults = new ArrayList&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // have your csv test runner parse the csv and parse it into a java object that contains a runnable&#xA;    while((test = csvTestRunner.getNextTest()) != null)&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            // run the test runnable&#xA;            test.run();&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch(Throwable e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            // if the test failed for whatever reason (including an assertion error) add that to the errors array to&#xA;            errorsResults.add(MyTestResult.errorResult(test, e));&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // assert no errors, if there are, then display all the errors in the csv test run&#xA;    assertTrue(Arrays.toString(errorsResults.toArray()), errorsResults.isEmpty());&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you insist on hacking the test runner I would look into extending BlockJUnit4ClassRunner, and in your childrenInvoker it has an argument called 'Run notifier'. The methods in that object are what JUnit listens to as results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. fireTestStarted, fireTestFinished, fireTestIgnored&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16443" LastEditorUserId="16443" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T09:33:20.093" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T09:33:20.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-20T09:38:01.897" Score="1" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I have recently joined a new company I am currently interviewing (around 40) engineers, users and sponsors about different aspects of software quality. I have asked them what is going well and what could be improved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This resulted in already over 150 possible improvements of which most are relatively unique. The overlap is small only 30 have multiple occurances. Some are high-level some are very detailed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We should make time for refactoring legacy code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability testing is not structural and we are not critical enough on the UX&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Our process has not enough quality gates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am looking for a strategy to categorize them and figure out what would be the most effective improvements to start working on. I am hoping some of you have done something similar in the past an can give me a good direction to get me onto speed in processing this data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I categorize a big list of possible improvements to find the most important the quickest?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T12:45:15.590" Title="Categorizing possible improvements" Tags="&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-20T11:46:33.213" Score="0" ViewCount="329" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know which test automation tool, other than Quality Center and QTP, is the most widely used and has the most robust features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automation tool and the scripting language are needed for a .NET application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also does anyone know about CLICTEST (test management tool)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17167" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-05-22T15:37:42.537" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T11:32:46.750" Title="Test management tool for manual and automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18780" CreationDate="2016-05-20T11:55:54.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In my organization we are using Jira as test management tool and Selenium for UI automation.The framework used is TestNG. There is a plugin for Jira called Hiptest which can be used for creating and executing test cases. It has an additional option to work it with on automation too.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hiptest is good from my small experience. Simple to run test suites and it is integrated with Jira so issues can be linked to Jira when found during test execution.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If someone has better options, it would be great. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18275" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T11:55:54.540" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18779" CreationDate="2016-05-20T12:34:49.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to mention two hints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I never got in touch with planning tasks in a professional way, so my&#xA;ideas are more like how I would do it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thus, its difficult to give you a concrete list of methods to do it&#xA;as well as having only few Information about the/your background&#xA;(time, budged, Stakeholder, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume that you have some amount of time and budget that is not sufficient to deal with every single improvement on your list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with categorizing them by their area within the system. For your three example you could do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;We should make time for refactoring legacy code (&lt;strong&gt;coding/back-end&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Usability testing is not structural (&lt;strong&gt;Usability/UX&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;we are not critical enough on the UX (&lt;strong&gt;Usability/UX&lt;/strong&gt;)*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Our process has not enough quality gates (&lt;strong&gt;process-related&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find more categories like front-end, testing, etc. That really depends of your domain or project. Furthermore you could create sub categories like &lt;em&gt;detailed and high-level&lt;/em&gt; as you mentioned. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afterwards, you have two possible options, actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with prioritizing the categories or&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with prioritizing the single improvements within the categories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would start with the first option if you pointed out during the categorization that there are some categories (or even a single one) with the majority of improvements. That can tell you, where in the system/project you have the most lacks. Maybe you will find a category that would give you the biggest ROI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second point is helpful, if you really want to implement single improvements that are critical wherever they are located.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, the way of prioritize depends on several (unknown) variables and you have to make the decision what counts more. May you could find some answers &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jot.fm/issues/issue_2004_09/column4/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. For many points you can simply replace &quot;requirements&quot; with &quot;improvements&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Splitted your point because I think you have two improvements here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-05-20T12:45:15.590" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T12:45:15.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18783" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18799" CreationDate="2016-05-20T13:51:29.443" Score="3" ViewCount="1713" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most recent version of JMeter has an option to generate &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Report Dashboard&lt;/a&gt; which is great, but i am struggling to customize it to match my needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running performance tests for every new version of Application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets start from current state of my reports.&#xA;I have User-Defined Variable named - Version. I am changing this for every new run of performance test.&#xA;Also, there is time stamp as a second type of comparison. - It is possible to compare previous results of the same version. Basically results from yesterday compare to today's results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/FlexibleFileWriter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Flexible File Writer&lt;/a&gt; to save results to csv file. Using this plugin, it is perfectly easy to store version number(User-Defined variable) in every row, which is important for next step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Results are imported to Excel Pivot table from where you can do basically everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, this above is ok, but it would be great to have created consolidated report directly from JMeter but there are few problems here. &#xA;Report Dashboard is created from JMeter log file and here comes problems: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to pass User-Defined Variable to log file?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to make JMeter to continue with adding results to log file? &#xA;Currently it is asking to write new filename, so one test-one log file and i need: few tests-one log file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to Modify Jmeter properties to be able to compare results of more versions/more dates using JMeter &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Report Dashboard&lt;/a&gt;? thnx&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T08:14:26.087" Title="JMeter Report Dashboard" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18773" CreationDate="2016-05-20T15:59:19.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Spin up your own test environment and test against that.  Let's face it, a public facing web page that's designed to attract DDOS testing isn't going to be a valid test candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for this is that you'll not know how many other users are hitting a public server or the spec of the environment.  If you ran 100 simultaneous users and the site went down, you'd not know why.  Was there an issue with your crawler that meant it put a greater load on the server than you expected?  Did it trip any security features?  Perhaps there's another tester running 5,000 threads which are interfering with your calls?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, when testing you should try to control both sides of the scenario so you can more accurately understand the behaviour you're seeing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it's less convenient but when has testing ever been about convenience? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T15:59:19.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18776" CreationDate="2016-05-20T17:06:21.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;why don't you check normal http response. That will also work for a normal http page. Here is the code sample that you can use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;&#xA;    public void sampleTest(){ //test method&#xA;        //your code&#xA;        boolean abletoOpenPDF=linkResponse(driver.getCurrentUrl());&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static boolean linkResponse(String url){&#xA;        try {&#xA;            HttpURLConnection.setFollowRedirects(false);&#xA;            HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();&#xA;            con.setRequestMethod(&quot;HEAD&quot;);&#xA;            return (con.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T17:06:21.047" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5131" CreationDate="2016-05-20T17:40:35.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good explanation can also be found in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://de.slideshare.net/DhanasekaranNarayana/software-testing-24015545&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;slide&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Test&lt;/strong&gt;: As soon as an integrated set of modules has been combined to form your application, system testing can then be performed. System testing verifies the system-level reliability and functionality of the product by testing your application in the integrated system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: QA team performs System testing/ done by independent test group&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration Test&lt;/strong&gt;: Integration testing is used to test the reliability and functionality of groups of units (modules) that have been combined together into larger segments. The most efficient method of integration is to slowly and progressively combine the separate modules into small segments rather than merging all the units into large component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: Test engineers performs Integration testing in development phase&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16787" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T17:40:35.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18787" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-20T18:50:16.380" Score="2" ViewCount="1310" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which programming language would you prefer to automate the screens of a mainframe system like IBM AS/400?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12987" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T18:48:04.170" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T19:59:06.490" Title="Programming language and automation tool to automate mainframe as/400" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;languages&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18787" CreationDate="2016-05-20T19:47:09.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say Java is a good choice, but actually just take your pick: RPG, assembly language, C, C++, Pascal, Java, EGL, Perl, Smalltalk, COBOL, SQL, BASIC, PHP, PL/I, Python and REXX. There is also a set of CASE tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to restrict yourself to the ILE (Integrated Language Environment)  compatible languages though. Also important is the OS400 &#xA;Control Language (CL).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An entrance level reference:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System_i#Programming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System_i#Programming&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-05-20T19:47:09.317" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18793" CreationDate="2016-05-22T07:51:18.173" Score="2" ViewCount="350" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are about to implement TDD in our software company and we met some serious questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you know, this is the TDD life cycle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run all tests and see if the new test fails&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write the code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactor code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have many development tasks, with nice and readable user stories in the backlog. I just don't know &quot;when&quot; we should write unit tests (and acceptance tests) during the development. I know TDD said we should write tests before code, but here is my problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If our testers (currently there are only 2 testers) start writing automated unit tests before development process, then what should developers actually do until writing unit/acceptance tests finish (there are about 8 developers)? Should they wait for unit tests or they should start development process right away (and as soon as writing unit tests finished, they can test their software afterward)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another scenario is to involve everyone to start writing unit tests/acceptance tests. Then what's the point of being a &quot;tester&quot;? I mean in this case I won't have a clear job description for our testers as we were thinking about they will write unit tests/acceptance tests and after that developers will start writing codes. If developers also write unit tests, then what's the point of having special testers in our team and should we replace testers with developers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry if my question seems ridiculous to you. We are just in the beginning of our process and need to clear such things in our company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18441" LastEditorUserId="16686" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T09:19:10.760" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T08:02:41.817" Title="Will writing unit tests block developers from coding?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18790" CreationDate="2016-05-22T10:55:27.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd plan it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specific tests that are written 'before the code' are &lt;em&gt;unit&lt;/em&gt; tests that are written by &lt;em&gt;developers&lt;/em&gt; just before they write the actual code.&#xA;It should only take 5-20 minutes to write a simple test.  The test is written, the code is written for it and then the test is changed or the next test is written and then more &lt;em&gt;unit level&lt;/em&gt; code is written.  This happens on the time scale of seconds to minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't get too hung up initially on writing the unit tests before the code because a) you may not be familiar enough with the approach to do it smoothly and b) sometimes its hard to do.  Initially focus more on every function and block of code currently being written having tests + code when that change is added in to the master code base.  Over time developers will be able to write more and more tests before the code itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the &lt;em&gt;feature&lt;/em&gt; that uses all the components above is ready (time scale of hours to days) then QA can start testing it manually and also by writing automated end-to-end feature tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can QA do before the feature is ready?  Plenty of things - pair on test plans with developers, learn the domain, work on test cases with the product owner, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also modify your development tasks a little as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write simple unit test(s) with application code to ensure that it fails (important!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write working code that will then make just that new unit test pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat above two steps until the new or changed feature is complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactor as desired&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code review for new/changed unit tests &amp;amp; code by developers and QA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that all the other unit tests still pass or go back to first step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure all tests (unit, integrated, features, performance, etc.) pass or fix them and/or the code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactor as desired&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If new integrated / feature / performance tests are needed, write them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code review for new tests &amp;amp; code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactor as desired&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also emphasizes that initially you are working on &lt;em&gt;just&lt;/em&gt; the new test and code and not even running other tests until that is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also consider branding the testers who write actual test code as performing  QE (Quality Engineering) over QA (Quality Assurance) which tends to have more of a connotation with manual testing (only).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approach all of this as a team.  Work in the same physical space.  Talk about the functionality, the design patterns, the tests and the code as a team.  Make sure you don't have physical or mental walls that are separating 'testers' from 'developers'.  Try using language that first defines everyone as engineers and then you can have mention of the those who focus on the testing area (especially reflecting actual users) and those that focus on the unit code and tests (traditional developer roles).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will be looking to hire for the role SDET - Software Development Engineer in Test.  You should aim to have at least one experienced engineer to lead and then you can have more junior folks  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/3905/8992&quot;&gt;Who writes stories and tests in Agile? BA or tester?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/643/8992&quot;&gt;Fitting regression testing in a Agile/ Scrum development cycle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-05-22T11:34:23.780" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18792" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18806" CreationDate="2016-05-22T16:25:23.867" Score="0" ViewCount="623" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm assigning priority to each test method in a specific class under my automation project.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My senior reviewed the script I wrote and mentioned to me that do not use priority instead use the xml to order the execution of the methods.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I wanted to know if using priority for each method is a good approach or not.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I had an issue before regarding the order in which the methods were getting executed. That's why i started using the priority technique.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If someone has suggestions please help me to understand it. I'm new to programming language and automation   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18275" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T06:16:41.277" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T06:16:41.277" Title="Is use of priority in TestNG a good approach?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-06-16T01:19:26.723" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18790" CreationDate="2016-05-22T19:18:10.667" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The TDD cycle is more a development cycle for a developer, to quote James Shore, The Art of Agile, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-Driven Development chapter&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Programmers new to TDD are often surprised at how small each increment&#xA;can be. Although you might think that only beginners need to work in&#xA;small steps, my experience is the reverse: the more TDD experience you&#xA;have, the smaller steps you take and the faster you go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want testers to be involved pair programming might be a solution, another quote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pair programming helps. While the driver tries to make the current&#xA;test pass, the navigator should stay a few steps ahead, thinking of&#xA;tests that will drive the code to the next increment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think Test-driven unit-testing could be very technical, maybe testers can better focus on preparing for customer-facing tests and or exploratory testing. Although reviewing the test-cases that come out of the TDD cycle might also be very valuable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But your suggested cycle where someone else writes the unit-tests first seems very slow, unless you do it in pairs. One person writes the test, the other implements the code. Now switch. This works pretty well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think what you are looking for is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Acceptance Test-Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; here you write scenario's with Given/When/Then in a human-readable &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DSL&lt;/a&gt; upfront. This is also called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behavior Driven Development&lt;/a&gt;. Here it makes way more sense to write the tests upfront. Still, the whole team should help to define the behavior. You could use requirement workshops like described in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://less.works/less/technical-excellence/specification-by-example.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;specifications by example&lt;/a&gt; of the LeSS chapters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avoid dependencies and people waiting on each other. Some should be the guru's, but everyone should be able to do any work in the whole development life-cycle. Minimize the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bus-factor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-08T08:01:34.797" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T08:01:34.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18790" CreationDate="2016-05-22T20:03:56.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If developers also write unit tests, then what's the point of having special testers in our team and should we replace testers with developers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing is not the only kind of automated testing.  Integration tests, performance tests, scalability tests, and fault tolerance tests are all examples of automated tests that are not unit tests and that a coder/tester could own. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-05-22T20:03:56.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-23T00:11:29.553" Score="1" ViewCount="1603" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why does the hub keep launching a blank browser before it runs a test on the node? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every time a test starts to run, a blank browser is launched on the hub before it opens the same type of browser on the node. After the test finishes this blank browser won't close either on the hub. How can I get it to stop opening the blank browser on each test or close the blank browser after each test on the hub? I have a driver.quit in each of my script at the end but it doesn't seem to have any affect on the browser in the hub. It only closes the browser on the node. Please advise how I can fix this. Thanks for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I attached my config and code below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.53.0.jar -role hub -hubConfig&#xA;Hub.json&#xA;&#xA;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.53.0.jar -role node -nodeConfig &#xA;WindowsNode.json&#xA;&#xA;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.53.0.jar -role node -nodeConfig &#xA;MacNode.json&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Hub.JSON&#xA;{&#xA;&quot;host&quot;: null,&#xA;&quot;port&quot;: 4444,&#xA;&quot;newSessionWaitTimeout&quot;: -1,&#xA;&quot;servlets&quot; : [],&#xA;&quot;prioritizer&quot;: null,&#xA;&quot;capabilityMatcher&quot;:&#xA;&quot;org.openqa.grid.internal.utils.DefaultCapabilityMatcher&quot;,&#xA;&quot;throwOnCapabilityNotPresent&quot;: true,&#xA;&quot;nodePolling&quot;: 5000,&#xA;&quot;cleanUpCycle&quot;: 5000,&#xA;&quot;timeout&quot;: 300000,&#xA;&quot;browserTimeout&quot;: 0,&#xA;&quot;maxSession&quot;: 1&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;WindowsNode.JSON&#xA;{&#xA;&quot;capabilities&quot;:&#xA;[&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;firefox&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;WINDOWS&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;chrome&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;WINDOWS&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1,&#xA;        &quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;: &quot;C:/Program Files (x86)/Google/Chrome&#xA;        /Application/chrome.exe&quot; &#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;internet explorer&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;WINDOWS&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1,&#xA;        &quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;: &quot;C:/Program Files (x86)/Internet &#xA;        Explorer/iexplore.exe&quot;      &#xA;    }&#xA;],&#xA;&quot;configuration&quot;:&#xA;{&#xA;    &quot;maxSession&quot;:1,&#xA;    &quot;port&quot;:5554,&#xA;    &quot;hubPort&quot;:4444,&#xA;    &quot;hubHost&quot;: xxx.xxx.x.xx,&#xA;    &quot;nodePolling&quot;:2000,&#xA;    &quot;registerCycle&quot;:10000,&#xA;    &quot;cleanUpCycle&quot;:2000,&#xA;    &quot;timeout&quot;:30000,&#xA;    &quot;Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=C:\\SeleniumStandaloneServer&#xA;    \\chromedriver.exe&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Dwebdriver.ie.driver=C:\\SeleniumStandaloneServer&#xA;    \\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;: &quot;&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;MACNode.JSON&#xA;{&#xA;&quot;capabilities&quot;:&#xA;[&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;firefox&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;MAC&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;chrome&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;MAC&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;safari&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;MAC&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1&#xA;    }&#xA;],&#xA;&quot;configuration&quot;:&#xA;{&#xA;&quot;maxSession&quot;: 1,&#xA;&quot;port&quot;: 5555,&#xA;&quot;host&quot;: localhost,&#xA;&quot;register&quot;: true,&#xA;&quot;registerCycle&quot;: 5000,&#xA;&quot;hubPort&quot;: 4444,&#xA;&quot;hubHost&quot;: xxx.xxx.x.xx&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot; preserve-order=&quot;true&quot; verbose=&quot;4&quot; thread-count=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Tests1&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;internet explorer&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;Tests.A_Test&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Tests2&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;chrome&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;Tests.A_Test&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Tests3&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;firefox&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;Tests.A_Test&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Tests4&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;safari&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;Tests.A_Test&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA; public class TestBase {&#xA;&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver=null;&#xA;    public String URL, Node;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeTest&#xA;    @Parameters(&quot;browser&quot;)&#xA;    public void Setup (String browser) throws IOException, &#xA;    MalformedURLException{&#xA;    {&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = null;&#xA;        URL = &quot;http://www.google.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        if(browser.equals(&quot;firefox&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;            capabilities.setBrowserName(&quot;firefox&quot;);&#xA;            capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.ANY);&#xA;            Node = &quot;http://xxx.xxx.x.xx:5554/wd/hub&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if (browser.equals(&quot;chrome&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Start chromedriver in windows hub and on mac node&#xA;            System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &#xA;            &quot;C:\\SeleniumStandaloneServer\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;            driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;            capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();&#xA;            capabilities.setBrowserName(&quot;chrome&quot;);&#xA;            capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.ANY); &#xA;            Node = &quot;http://xxx.xxx.x.xx:5554/wd/hub&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if (browser.equals(&quot;safari&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver = new SafariDriver();&#xA;            capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.safari();&#xA;            capabilities.setBrowserName(&quot;safari&quot;);&#xA;            capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.MAC);&#xA;            Node = &quot;http://xxx.xxx.x.xx:5555/wd/hub&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;      System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;C:\\SeleniumStandaloneServer\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;            driver=new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;            capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;            capabilities.setBrowserName(&quot;internet explorer&quot;);&#xA;            capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.WINDOWS);&#xA;            //Enable IE security tab protected mode for all zones &#xA;            then you can skip flakiness line&#xA;          //capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.&#xA;          INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);&#xA;            capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ensureCleanSession&quot;, true);&#xA;            capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignoreZoomSetting&quot;, true);&#xA;            capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignoreProtectedModeSettings&quot;, true);&#xA;            capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignore-certificate-error&quot;, true);&#xA;            capabilities.setCapability(&quot;capabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS&quot;, &#xA;            true);&#xA;            Node = &quot;http://xxx.xxx.x.xx:5554/wd/hub&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(Node), capabilities);&#xA;        driver.get(URL);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize(); &#xA;&#xA;    }       &#xA;}   &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA; public class A_Test extends TestBase {&#xA; ...&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastEditorUserId="14742" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T02:16:44.870" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T04:04:45.190" Title="Blank Browser launches on Selenium Grid Hub with Every Test Run on Node" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18796" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-23T06:53:23.403" Score="5" ViewCount="20822" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;findingTblBody&quot; class=&quot;tablebody&quot; infinite-scroll-distance=&quot;2&quot; &#xA;infinite-scroll=&quot;loadMoreData()&quot; style=&quot;width: 819px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to scroll to the bottom of div mentioned above.&#xA;    I am trying with this - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;do {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='findingTblBody']&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.PAGE_DOWN);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(6000);&#xA;    scroll_count++;&#xA;} while(scroll_count&amp;lt;20);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am receiving error as - &lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: cannot focus element&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to scroll my web page up to that element &amp;amp; click?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18451" LastEditorUserId="14385" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T14:54:45.557" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T14:54:45.557" Title="Unable to scroll down to bottom of div with data loading dynamically" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17170" CreationDate="2016-05-23T07:17:14.357" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you are right, you can put the parameters in a file! Use the CSV Data Set Config element and put the variables comma separated. Now declare the variable names in the CSV Data Set Config element and use them in your HTTP Requests.&#xA;You need to prepare data in a CSV file that you want to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T07:17:14.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18783" CreationDate="2016-05-23T08:14:26.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are the answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In order to add a JMeter Variable to .jtl log file define &lt;code&gt;sample_variables&lt;/code&gt; property like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Permanent way: add the next line to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (lives in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sample_variables=yourVar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter restart will be required to pick the property up. On next execution you will see &lt;code&gt;${yourVar}&lt;/code&gt; value added as a separate new column to .jtl results file&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Temporary way: pass the property via &lt;code&gt;-J&lt;/code&gt; command line argument like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -Jsample_variables=yourVar -n -t ......&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/listeners.html#sample_variables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sample Variables&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;-l&lt;/code&gt; command line option to specify output .jtl results file name. So in order to get results of 2 tests into single file just provide the same .jtl output name like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;jmeter -n -t test1.jmx -l &lt;strong&gt;result.jtl&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;jmeter -n -t test2.jmx -l &lt;strong&gt;result.jtl&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#non_gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Non-GUI Mode (Command Line mode)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is not possible to compare different test run reports using the Reporting Dashboard (unless you develop this functionality yourself). You can consider using an external service like &lt;a href=&quot;https://sense.blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BM.Sense&lt;/a&gt; for that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T08:14:26.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18796" CreationDate="2016-05-23T11:04:18.803" Score="11" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Check below are the various methods to scroll your web page up &amp;amp; down:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scroll Down:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;scroll(0, 250)&quot;); //y value '250' can be altered&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scroll up:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;scroll(250, 0)&quot;); //x value '250' can be altered&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scroll bottom of the Page:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollTo(0,Math.max(document.documentElement.scrollHeight,document.body.scrollHeight,document.documentElement.clientHeight));&quot;);&#xA;(or)&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;actions.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys(Keys.END).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full scroll to bottom in slow motion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;        if(second &amp;gt;=60){&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;            ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,400)&quot;, &quot;&quot;); //y value '400' can be altered&#xA;            Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(or)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;        if(second &amp;gt;=60){&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;            jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,800)&quot;, &quot;&quot;); //y value '800' can be altered&#xA;            Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scroll automatically to your WebElement:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Point hoverItem =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;Value&quot;)).getLocation();&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return window.title;&quot;);    &#xA;Thread.sleep(6000);&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,&quot;+(hoverItem.getY())+&quot;);&quot;); &#xA;// Adjust your page view by making changes right over here (hoverItem.getY()-400)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(or)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView();&quot;, driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;Value')]&quot;)));&#xA;(or)&#xA;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;Value&quot;));&#xA;Coordinates coordinate = ((Locatable)element).getCoordinates(); &#xA;coordinate.onPage(); &#xA;coordinate.inViewPort();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T12:58:55.767" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T12:58:55.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18805" CreationDate="2016-05-23T11:32:20.363" Score="1" ViewCount="8290" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question was asked to me in an interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18381" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T11:35:40.833" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T13:18:33.773" Title="What are the entry and exit criteria in performance testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-05-23T14:57:06.623" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18803" CreationDate="2016-05-23T12:08:00.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask clarification questions, and lead the other side to give you an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's always a good advice, but especially true for interview questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's use your question as an example- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you define performance testing ? what is our goal- do we want to verify the product can achieve X or do we want to investigate and find out what X is ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are we testing ? a product, submodule, system of systems ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do we want performance testing to catch functional problems as well or can we expect it to be functionally tested ? how stable is the product ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what stage is our product- an old product with a lot of performance data ? a new product under development ? a product going through perfornce improvement stage ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you understand where all this leads to...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T12:08:00.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18803" CreationDate="2016-05-23T13:18:33.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It simplifies to knowing what you want to measure and knowing how to determine when you have measured it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entry criteria include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowing what sort of performance you are looking at. Eg maximum load, use of system resources at various loads, affect on response times as load increases, long term stability (eg memory loss), and several others.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stability of the system's hardware and software. Do not want unexpected changes to the system during testing. On the other hand, some tests are about comparing performance of different configurations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Availability of system for running the tests. Commonly want it to be dedicated to the testing so that other users do not disturb the test process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Availability of key personal to monitor the system during the tests and be available to shut things down or to reset things in case of issues. (Anecdotally, there have been cases where supposedly isolated systems have actually used the same network resources as the active and live system. So a performance test that should have been isolated caused major distress to the live system.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sufficient resources available for enough test runs for long enough duration to be confident in the results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to restore the system's databases from backups so that each test or group of tests starts from the same state. (If restores are not done then how could you properly compare the results from different test runs?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How performance problems are to be handled. Is the test to just create a report and leave it to others to resolve? Will the tester(s) be expected to advise on how to resolve performance issues? Will the system's developers be expected to modify (ie tune or adjust configuration data in) the system between test runs to respond to performance issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exit criteria include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests have been run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System performance has been assessed according to the goals of the testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test report written and passed to relevant people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fault reports written for any issues. (Performance testing often finds functional or usage issues.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance goals have been achieved - only applies if the testers are working with the developers to (iteratively) test and tune the system until it meets the goals.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T13:18:33.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18792" CreationDate="2016-05-23T14:36:36.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using priority to drive order of execution is perfectly fine, but question is why do you want to execute test cases in certain order? As a general rule test case should be atomic and should not be dependent on another test cases. In such case do you worry about order of execution. I rather don't pay much attention to order of execution unless its an explicit requirement. &#xA;e.g. If my login test case fails then I  don't want to execute rest of test cases in suite as those will likely fail. In such a situation, I would use hard dependency to drive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test &#xA;&#xA;public void serverStartedOk() {} &#xA;&#xA;@Test(dependsOnMethods = { &quot;serverStartedOk&quot; }) &#xA;&#xA;public void method1() {} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also have methods that depend on entire groups:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(groups = { &quot;init&quot; }) &#xA;public void serverStartedOk() {} &#xA;@Test(groups = { &quot;init&quot; }) &#xA;&#xA;public void initEnvironment() {} &#xA;@Test(dependsOnGroups = { &quot;init.*&quot; }) &#xA;&#xA;public void method1() {} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use soft dependency to drive execution order.&#xA;By &lt;code&gt;&quot;alwaysRun=true&quot;&lt;/code&gt; in your @Test annotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Know more at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt; site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T14:36:36.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18780" CreationDate="2016-05-23T14:43:55.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We also use JIRA and are just starting to use X-Ray for test management. X-Ray introduces three new issues types: Test, Test Set and Test Execution. A Test can be manual or automated and the Give-When-Then Gherkin syntax used by Cucumber is supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot say if it is a better option than Hiptest but it is &lt;em&gt;an&lt;/em&gt; option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18461" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T14:43:55.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15200" CreationDate="2016-05-23T15:02:49.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across Hiptest on another thread that says it supports JIRA Cloud. I have no experience of it though but the poster rated it highly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/hiptest.jira-plugin/cloud/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/hiptest.jira-plugin/cloud/overview&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18461" LastActivityDate="2016-05-23T15:02:49.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18790" CreationDate="2016-05-23T15:05:48.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit tests should be written by developers.&lt;/strong&gt; Unit tests are very close to the core code and developers have intimate knowledge of how units should work. testers are usually more removed from the deep innards of the core code and they will not be ass effective writing unit tests as core developers are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acceptance/integration/end-to-end tests do not require this intimate knowledge if system innards, and can be effectively written by testers. It is a different set of eyes reading the requirements and writing the code to exercise the code according to requirements. You can start while development is underway, but you can finish only after development is finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-08T08:02:41.817" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T08:02:41.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="18811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-23T20:34:09.790" Score="6" ViewCount="2629" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should custom message in assertion describe expected outcome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(&quot;user accounts are the same&quot;, account1, equalTo(account2));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or reason for failure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(&quot;user accounts were different&quot;, account1, equalTo(account2));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-05-23T20:52:06.130" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T21:46:53.943" Title="Good practice with custom assertion message" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17831" CreationDate="2016-05-24T07:31:17.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do it without a namespace, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    //*[local-name()='RetrieveSecurityTokenResponse']/*[local-name()='RetrieveSecurityTokenResult']/*[local-name()='SecurityToken']/text()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15221" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T07:31:17.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17272" CreationDate="2016-05-24T08:03:40.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strange that none mentioned good old fashioned programming languages. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some are easier and some are faster, personally I have used Perl and Python with one of the many REST related libraries, some don't even require real programming just a couple of lines of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T08:03:40.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17272" CreationDate="2016-05-24T09:03:25.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To test Rest APIs you can use Advance Rest Client or Postman. Postman is really good and you can create collections as well for the endpoints that need to be regularly regressed. &#xA;Alternatively, you can use Jmeter as well for API Testing and use assertions to validate things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T09:03:25.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18816" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18848" CreationDate="2016-05-24T09:06:31.973" Score="9" ViewCount="43531" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter has come up with a latest release &lt;code&gt;3.0&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is a major release not just bug fixes after almost a decade.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I read that we can generate &lt;code&gt;Report Dashboard&lt;/code&gt; as well with the latest release. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tell me how to do it?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step by step detailed instructions would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="5556" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T00:15:27.517" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T16:30:38.333" Title="How to generate Report Dashboard in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18568" CreationDate="2016-05-24T09:18:46.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are three ways to design the test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Behavioural, As over the period of time a tester develops a sense to figure out the areas of issue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Look at the functionality and the specification&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use the BVA and ECP concepts&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details you can navigate to this page: &lt;a href=&quot;http://prelrik.wordpress.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://prelrik.wordpress.com&lt;/a&gt; where you'll find more useful links and topic and out of all I'll suggest you &lt;a href=&quot;https://prelrik.wordpress.com/2016/05/23/understand-testing-types-with-a-sign-up-form-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; where you can understand that how all the testing types can be implemented for a sample signup form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17762" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T09:18:46.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18825" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-24T20:10:01.450" Score="0" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;When someone in Trac change the text of a Ticket, we can see easily the modification by clicking on Diff link and them it displays visualy by highlighting the removed and added words/characters (red for removed and green for added). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;a href=&quot;https://trac.edgewall.org/ticket/6943&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://trac.edgewall.org/ticket/6943&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And JIRA display the old and new version of text modification with no visual help like Trac. There's only the raw text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/jira062/viewing-an-issue-s-change-history-588581717.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://confluence.atlassian.com/jira062/viewing-an-issue-s-change-history-588581717.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using the plugin &quot;compare&quot; of notepad++ to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a work around for this to work like Trac?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16918" LastEditorUserId="16918" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T13:23:27.193" LastActivityDate="2016-08-13T19:43:51.570" Title="Does JIRA have a better way to compare texts beyond &quot;Activity History&quot;?" Tags="&lt;jira&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;&lt;version-control&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-17T09:04:24.793" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18811" CreationDate="2016-05-24T20:58:38.187" Score="7" Body="&lt;h2&gt;When using this API, you should be describing errors&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In JUnit, this signature is described quite clearly in &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/latest/org/junit/Assert.html#assertThat(java.lang.String,%20T,%20org.hamcrest.Matcher)&quot;&gt;the Javadoc&lt;/a&gt; (emphasis mine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;Parameters:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;reason&lt;/code&gt; - additional &lt;strong&gt;information about the error&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;actual&lt;/code&gt; - the computed value being compared&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;matcher&lt;/code&gt; - an expression, built of Matchers, specifying allowed values&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you're describing by providing the &lt;code&gt;reason&lt;/code&gt; is the error, a situation in which the assertion failed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore I'd say that out of the two suggestions you mention in your question, the latter is preferable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(&quot;user accounts were different&quot;, account1, equalTo(account2));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as to what passes for a good error description, it's a very open ended question... but I'm pretty sure &lt;code&gt;&quot;user accounts are the same&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is a terrible error description in this context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Why it probably shouldn't matter if you provide this message at all&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that you need to explicitly specify this message &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; hint that there's something wrong with the test in which you're using it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every unit test should ideally verify one thing and, in my opinion, that thing should be clearly stated in the method name itself. In my experience, if you have well-described methods (as well as variables) in your test and one assertion per test case, the additional message is usually redundant. Just reading the method's name should be enough to know what went wrong and why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to say anything more without knowing the broader context but the following things should be obvious when looking at the test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what the accounts compared are&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;under what circumstances the comparison happens&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whether or not they should be the same&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;which objects involved are relevant to the test case and which are not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;account1&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;account2&lt;/code&gt; just look like bad names carrying no additional information above what's already expressed by the type of the variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the sake of demonstration, let's say that the application you're working on allows for users to change display names (like the stack exchange sites do) and that you're testing if your subject under test can recognise an account after the change&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void displayNameShouldNotDetermineUserIdentity() {&#xA;    Account preNameChangeAccount = AccountBuilder.fromId(1407656)&#xA;                                          .displayName(&quot;tom&quot;)&#xA;                                          .build();&#xA;    Account postNameChangeAccount = AccountBuilder.fromId(1407656)&#xA;                                          .displayName(&quot;toniedzwiedz&quot;)&#xA;                                          .build();&#xA;    assertThat(postNameChangeAccount, is(equalTo(preNameChangeAccount)));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you keep everything descriptive enough, both the code and the output should be clear without defining custom assertion messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8383" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T20:58:38.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18811" CreationDate="2016-05-24T21:41:41.513" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My preferred practice for assertion messages is to &lt;strong&gt;make assertion messages unnecessary.&lt;/strong&gt; And my usual way of doing that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write one assertion per test method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name the test method to describe the responsibility being tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, when the assertion fails, the name of the test tells me most of what I need to know to diagnose the problem. And the mismatch description tells me the rest of the story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the rare occasions where I need more than one assertion per test method, the assertions usually distinguish themselves naturally (without an additional message) based on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the matcher's description.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the value's description of itself (which the matcher includes in the failure description).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To help with that, I sometimes &lt;strong&gt;implement &lt;code&gt;toString()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;SelfDescribing.describeTo()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in my test subjects specifically to support tests, even if I don't need those methods for other reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the very, very rare occasions where I need an additional message, I write the message to &lt;strong&gt;identify the subject&lt;/strong&gt;—to describe where it came from, or the context in which it was created or evaluated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(&quot;user's account&quot;, account1, equalTo(account2));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;assertThat()&lt;/code&gt; method will compose a perfectly good diagnostic message from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the given &quot;reason&quot; string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the matcher's mismatch description&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the test subject's description of itself&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my bottom line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write great test names.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make test subjects describe themselves well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make custom matchers describe themselves well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whenever I can get away with it (which is very nearly all the time), write one assertion per test method, so that the test name, matcher, and subject do most of the work of describing failures.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When necessary, supplement the assertion with a message that simply identifies the assertion subject.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="117" LastEditDate="2016-05-24T21:46:53.943" LastActivityDate="2016-05-24T21:46:53.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18828" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18835" CreationDate="2016-05-25T06:48:57.353" Score="1" ViewCount="1681" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need to check color/font style of java table (text, background) in Swing application cause style of row should depend on a column value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BiSvn.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BiSvn.png&quot; alt=&quot;styled jTable&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to get color of font and background of selected (cell/row):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mainTable.selectCell(0, 0);&#xA;String bgcol = mainTable.getSelectionBackground().toString();  // =&amp;gt; javax.swing.plaf.ColorUIResource[r=51,g=153,b=255]&#xA;String fgcol = mainTable.getSelectionForeground().toString();  // =&amp;gt; javax.swing.plaf.ColorUIResource[r=255,g=255,b=255]    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But selected cell/row has its own style of selection, so this check becomes quite useless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the way to accomplish style checking of any cell/row (not just selected) with &lt;a href=&quot;https://jemmy.java.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jemmy&lt;/a&gt; library?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T08:33:38.257" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T15:37:54.353" Title="How to get colour, font of java table row/cell/text with Jemmy?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;java-gui&gt;&lt;jemmy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18830" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-25T08:48:47.010" Score="0" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are having a discussion about when we update a NuGet package or another external dependency. If we should update to this version everywhere, so we only have one version on the whole project. Some think we should, others think we shouldn't. The main reason to not update all location is that we need to re-test everything that uses this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can we trust external suppliers to test their code, so that we can upgrade minor versions freely? Is having basic unit-test coverage enough to test the changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Checklist:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does it build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check automated test coverage for dependency usage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read change-log in a pair to estimate risks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or there other things we need to consider when updating libraries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T05:33:21.833" Title="Testing updates of external dependencies" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;risk-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18757" CreationDate="2016-05-25T10:10:14.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To create a regression test case suite one must have thorough application knowledge or complete understanding of the product flow. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with breaking the application into features. Look for any labels or tags if added to test cases for product functionality.  Like in Jira/test rail we have labels and tags added to test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are then you can filter out test cases using a tag/label and can select them for your regression suite &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Otherwise pick any feature and try to complete&#xA;selection for one feature and then move towards next. Selecting test&#xA;cases in flow as how product functions would be good. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyzing the defects reported by customers in last releases and selecting&#xA;test cases for these areas would make suite more valuable &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select test cases validating the integration points, that is where most likely things can break&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above approach is used by us in our software testing company &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="18467" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T13:31:48.073" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T13:31:48.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18832" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18833" CreationDate="2016-05-25T13:02:35.170" Score="2" ViewCount="4983" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I wanted to create a separate class to initialize the firefox driver and then use the driver instance in my other TestNG classes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can someone tell me how to do this and how to use the same driver instance in all other test classes &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18275" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T14:34:05.703" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T14:34:05.703" Title="How to initialize the driver globally in selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18832" CreationDate="2016-05-25T13:26:52.737" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way is to use a singleton class like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class FirefoxDriverProvider {&#xA;    private static FirefoxDriver instance = null;&#xA;    public static FirefoxDriver getInstance() {&#xA;        if (instance == null) {&#xA;            instance = ... initialize FirefoxDriver here ...;&#xA;        }&#xA;        return instance;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;In your TestNG classes, you can do this:&#xA;&#xA;    FirefoxDriver instance = FirefoxDriverProvider.getInstance();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Experienced developers will tell you that it is a bad practice to use a Singleton pattern.  The reasoning behind that is beyond the scope of this question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative would be to use a dependency injection framework such as Spring.  (Questions about Spring belong on StackOverflow, not here.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T13:26:52.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17906" CreationDate="2016-05-25T15:26:20.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your case the flash allow button is the hardest part, because its not in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/js/js_htmldom.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DOM&lt;/a&gt;, it is something outside of the browser. Something you cannot interact with with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have done in the past is programmaticly take a screenshot of the desktop, look for a partial image (which is the button), return the coordinates of the button and then click on that location. Here is my code which I used for VB.Net, you should be able to port it to C#: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/CodedUI/blob/master/ImageLocator.vb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/CodedUI/blob/master/ImageLocator.vb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17461/is-there-a-name-for-automated-tools-that-work-from-screenshots-like-sikuli-or-mo/17498#17498&quot;&gt;Image-based Recognition Testing&lt;/a&gt; and there are frameworks that can do this for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example you cab use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/sikuli4net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;.Net version of Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;, which is a framework to find partial screenparts and interact with them. But I thought this was a bit heavy since it starts a Java Jetty server, since the original &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; is written in Java. It was more lightweight to write a very basic version myself. Still it would do the trick nicely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T15:26:20.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18828" CreationDate="2016-05-25T15:37:54.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A renderer is used to paint each cell in the table. Code to access the component used to render the cell: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TableCellRenderer renderer = table.getCellRenderer(row, column);&#xA;Component c = table.prepareRenderer(renderer, row, column);&#xA;System.out.println(c.getBackground());&#xA;System.out.println(c.getForeground());&#xA;System.out.println(c.getFont());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T15:37:54.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18836" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-25T15:46:42.027" Score="2" ViewCount="435" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been tasked with locating a software package or single application that can be used to automate the following tasks related to testing our website(s), both english and non-english.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run automated tests on a page or site&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;automation should work with ajax enabled pages and content&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;capture full page screenshot(s)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compare current screenshot(s) with previous screenshot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;identify differences between the old and new screenshots&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;capture (dump) the underlying page code (html, css, js, etc)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compare current code dump with previous version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;identify differences between the old and new code dumps&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the ability to create full text pdfs that can be used to copy and paste text&#xA;(lowest priority of all wanted features)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The driving factor in the requirements on the list above are un-planned / random changes to website layouts, code or functionality. We have a number of non-english websites that have random issues show up and we are not able to determine where the changes come from or why there was a change. Admittedly, this may be due to the poor coding done originally and the way our CMS (Magento) operates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The owner wants the ability to do comparisons against a 100% known good version (via screenshot and code dump analysis) and either revert to the ‘correct’ version or be able to point to an exact spot on the page that changed and show a “before and after” the developers can use to correct the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have a single application or software package that can do all the above? If not, do you have any recommendations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18494" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-05-25T16:15:44.003" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T16:27:23.387" Title="tool that can be automated for page testing, full page screenshots and code analysis and compare with previous tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T08:51:07.240" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18830" CreationDate="2016-05-25T18:46:38.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I'd prefer to have only one level of any given package in use (or one in development and one in production, if you're going to be moving to a new level of code on the next deployment), as it reduces your vulnerability surface in the case of security bugs (I'm thinking of things like the recent bash and imagemagik issues here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that said, though, no, I don't think you can trust external suppliers to test their code sufficiently (again, see the above two bugs which were present for years in the code in question).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading the change log may not be sufficient warning of changes, either; what is marked as a bug fix may be changing behavior that you believed was correct before, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say that as full a regression test as possible is called for any time you update libraries you depend on.  To reduce the risk, you might want to have a test suite specifically for testing the libraries you use, and if they're open source, you might contribute some test cases to their build infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T18:46:38.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18244" CreationDate="2016-05-25T18:56:39.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The latest development version of PhantomJS (2.2.0-development) contains a fix for this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since PhantomJS releases are oncea year and I couldn't wait that much time I downloaded their sources and compiled them (they do not provide daily builds, aka snapshots).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Release of PhantomJS 2.2: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/issues/13937&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/issues/13937&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="18746" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T05:27:16.320" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T05:27:16.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18836" CreationDate="2016-05-25T19:48:55.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently started using GhostInspector.  It can pass pass/fail on either  page content (i.e. HTML specific) or on screenshot differences.  It can take screenshots in either case anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9g7We.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9g7We.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ghostinspector.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://ghostinspector.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-05-25T19:48:55.653" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18842" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-25T22:18:03.530" Score="0" ViewCount="4801" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm taking the ISTQB Foundation Level Certification Exam this Friday and while going over the sample exam on the ASTQB website I stumbled upon this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;You have been given the following conditions and results from those condition combinations. You can only have one form of payment.  A PIN is only needed for a debit card. Given this information, using the decision table technique, what is the minimum number of test cases you would need to test these conditions?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Valid cash&#xA;Valid credit card&#xA;Valid debit card&#xA;Valid PIN&#xA;Bank accepts &#xA;Valid Selection&#xA;Item in Stock&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Reject Cash&#xA;Reject Card&#xA;Error Message&#xA;Return Cash&#xA;Refund Card&#xA;Sell Item&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a. 7&#xA;b. 13&#xA;c. 15&#xA;d. 18&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer is C. 15, but their explanation is simply a large decision table with all the combinations. This is great and all, but I don't have time to create a big, relatively complicated decision table with all 15 combinations/columns--I will only have 60 minutes to complete the 40 question test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an easier/simpler way to find how many combinations/columns/test cases would be needed to test these conditions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18412" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T22:32:55.977" Title="How to find the number of test cases needed when given a set of conditions?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18843" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-26T01:42:37.897" Score="-1" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which courses are the best to help me grasp the foundations of Automated testing? I am currently in a manual QA position doing only Ad-Hoc/regression testing. This is also the only testing we currently, but I realize it is important to implement automated testing as well as the company grows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have basic development skills - HTML, CSS, and some Javascript which from what I've read, will help me along my way of learning automated testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I use Selenium? Do I write my own scripts? Do I use both? How does automated testing differ for web/mobile applications? I've looked at AST, but none of the reading I've done has answered these questions for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice will be greatly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18504" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:20:51.097" Title="Which are the best course to learn automated QA for a start-up?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-05-26T12:01:52.513" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18842" CreationDate="2016-05-26T06:51:23.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm in this case, I will break down it based on the results, maybe the result not map with the answer but at least we have a number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reject Cash: invalid cash - 1 case &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reject Card: invalid card, Bank doesn't accept x2(credit/debit card) and invalid PIN for debit card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Return Cash: no item in stock - 1 case &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refund Card: no item in stock - 1 case x2 (credit/debit card)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sell Item: all valid conditions - 1 case x3 (cash, credit/debit card) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error Message: invalid selection - 1 case x3 (cash, credit/debit card)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Total cases: 15&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="18358" LastEditDate="2016-05-27T02:30:20.690" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T02:30:20.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18816" CreationDate="2016-05-26T07:45:15.173" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you already have a .jtl result file you can do it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -g /path/to/jtl/file -o /where/you/want/to/store/dashboard&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you would like the dashboard to be generated after the test run, you can &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/dear-abby-blazemeter-how-do-i-run-jmeter-non-gui-mode&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;run JMeter in command-line non-GUI mode&lt;/a&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -n -t /path/to/testplan -l /path/to/result.jtl -e -o /path/to/dashboard/folder&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#options&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Full list of command-line options&lt;/a&gt; for all possible JMeter command-line arguments listed and explained. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If above steps don't work - add the next lines to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (lives under &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.bytes=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.label=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.latency=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.response_code=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.response_message=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.successful=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.thread_counts=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.thread_name=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.time=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.timestamp_format=ms&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.timestamp_format=yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter restart will be required in order to pick the properties up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For dashboard customisation and tuning refer &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Generating Report Dashboard&lt;/a&gt; user manual entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T07:45:15.173" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18843" CreationDate="2016-05-26T09:20:51.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of voting for closing I am going to use your question as an example to how not to ask questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How are we supposed to know what do you need ? we don't know what the product is, what are the company's future plans for the product or testing, what is the budget and how much time do you have or can spend automating stuff, what's your priorities, how much do you need to cover out of the unknown product you have and how much are you willing to sacrifice for doing it using software, how often do you need to test now and how often does the company want to test (mine is testing a new build almost every minute), how important is reporting back results and in what format, how long does a test cycle takes and many other questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no such thing as &lt;strong&gt;automated QA&lt;/strong&gt;, there are tasks that you can replace with code and tasks that you cannot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what should you do next ? break the problem to smaller parts and try to find a solution for each one of them, then try to find a common solution for all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T09:20:51.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18850" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-26T10:26:31.980" Score="2" ViewCount="1368" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ran a Webdriver Sampler that opens a page and then logs-in an account. The configuration were 10 users/threads, Ramp-up period 1, Loop Count 1 on which I had a result shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jP7xJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jP7xJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would like to know if what could cause this and maybe have better results?&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18514" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-26T16:10:43.163" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T02:55:03.233" Title="JMeter Table &amp; Tree Listeners always shows Latency = 0, Connect Time = 0, and identical Bytes values" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18851" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-26T10:32:07.770" Score="2" ViewCount="1415" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I open messaging app when test case is running for any other app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need to fetch OTP from messaging app during a test case is running for my android app.&#xA;I have tried to create new instance &lt;code&gt;RemoteWebDriver&lt;/code&gt; for Appium server with messaging app capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//Confirm OTP Submission&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;btnConfirm&quot;)).click();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Open messaging app to fetch OTP.&#xA;DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;cap.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.android.mms&quot;);&#xA;cap.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;com.android.mms.ui.ConversationList&quot;);&#xA;driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), cap);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, above code is not working and got error - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A new session could not be created. (Original error: Requested a new&#xA;  session but one was in progress)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using testNG, Appium, Eclipse on Windows7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7924" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T11:05:25.613" Title="How to open messaging app during one android app test case is running to fetch otp" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18853" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-26T11:51:36.007" Score="3" ViewCount="13134" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to measure response time for a website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Response time to open a page of a web site: &#xA;I mean the loading time, some way to see the difference in time before and after open a website page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But this way, measuring the client loading time, will depend on the client used client.  What is the best way to measure that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://zyxware.com&quot;);&#xA;new WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;Calculate&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;long totalTime = endTime - startTime;&#xA;&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Total Page Load Time: &quot; + totalTime + &quot;milliseconds&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;        WebElement ele = $(By.tagName(&quot;body&quot;));&#xA;        // get the  page load time&#xA;        Long loadtime = (Long)((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&#xA;            &quot;return performance.timing.loadEventEnd - performance.timing.navigationStart;&quot;);        &#xA;        System.out.println(loadtime);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and last way the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;StopWatch pageLoad = new StopWatch();&#xA;            pageLoad.start();&#xA;            //Open your web app (In my case, I opened facebook)&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;            // Wait for the required any element (I am waiting for Login button in fb)&#xA;            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.tagName(&quot;body&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            pageLoad.stop();&#xA;            //Get the time&#xA;            long pageLoadTime_ms = pageLoad.getTime();&#xA;            long pageLoadTime_Seconds = pageLoadTime_ms / 1000;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Total Page Load Time: &quot; + pageLoadTime_ms + &quot; milliseconds&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if I have a search button for the same website, if I need to measure the search time, how to do it? is it as same as the above way?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17966" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T20:54:51.977" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T20:54:51.977" Title="How to measure client side page load time?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18842" CreationDate="2016-05-26T13:48:36.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know on which ISTQB site you found the example but I found a PDF with examples &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.astqb.org/documents/Foundation-Exam-Sample-1-Questions.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here (see #24)&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;In contrast to the exercise you posted, the example above mention the usage of a method called &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-decision-table-in-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;decision table technique&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should solve it using decision tables because&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you are in the context of ISTQB and and should be prepare yourself for the test and (more important) for your professional life.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unlike the way of doing it as suggested by Tam Minh you have a more formal way of &quot;solving&quot; those problems with the decision table technique.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularly, the second point is important when you have to explain yourself on what your resulting test cases are based on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastEditorUserId="11948" LastEditDate="2016-05-26T13:57:02.947" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T13:57:02.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18853" CreationDate="2016-05-26T14:38:26.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is the wrong tool for measuring page load times.  Selenium can't actually block until the page finishes loading, so it has to poll the browser.  Your load time precision is constrained by the poll interval.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most accurate tools for measuring page load times are browser extensions like &lt;a href=&quot;http://yslow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YSlow&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://getfirebug.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Firebug&lt;/a&gt;, and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.chrome.com/devtools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Chrome DevTools&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T14:38:26.023" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18856" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-26T15:45:18.593" Score="0" ViewCount="787" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am executing VSTS Performance test (that is .webtest file) using the command prompt, test runs successfully when I specify the name of the result file explicitly. But when I don't specify that and I want VSTS to generate the result .trx file on its own (with timestamp and machine name), then the test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Currently I am using this:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio&#xA;  12.0\Common7\IDE&gt;MSTest.exe/TestContainer:&quot;C:\Path\TC.webtest&quot; /testsettings:&quot;C:\Path2\Local.testsettings&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;and getting an error:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error when trying to save result file: Could not find a part of the&#xA;  path 'c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio&#xA;  12.0\Common7\IDE\TestResults\username_Mac 2016-05-26 11_18_41.trx'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually I don't have permissions to write to this location &lt;code&gt;'c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\Common7\IDE\'&lt;/code&gt;, so I am getting this error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way in which I can specify only the path of Result File through command prompt (where I have write permissions) and then VSTS will automatically creates the result file at that location with the naming syntax. In short I don't want to change the Result File name manually, every time test is executed via cmd, it should create a new file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have gone through the following links and using Visual Studio 2013 Ultimate:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/slumley/2008/12/22/running-web-and-load-tests-from-the-command-line/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/slumley/2008/12/22/running-web-and-load-tests-from-the-command-line/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee256991.aspx#Anchor_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee256991.aspx#Anchor_1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj155804.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj155804.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T16:54:36.973" Title="Executing VSTS Performance test via Command Prompt" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18856" CreationDate="2016-05-26T16:54:36.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The command used is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\Common7\IDE&amp;gt;MSTest.exe/TestContainer:&quot;C:\Path\TC.webtest&quot; /testsettings:&quot;C:\Path2\Local.testsettings&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that the current directory is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\Common7\IDE&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the command being executed is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MSTest.exe/TestContainer:&quot;C:\Path\TC.webtest&quot; /testsettings:&quot;C:\Path2\Local.testsettings&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In theses circumstances &lt;code&gt;mstest.exe&lt;/code&gt; tries to write the results to a subdirectory of the current directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution is to set the current directory to be where you want the results, or to a parent of that directory. The following command should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd C:\Path\&#xA;&quot;c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\Common7\IDE\MSTest.exe&quot; /TestContainer:&quot;TC.webtest&quot; /testsettings:&quot;C:\Path2\Local.testsettings&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2016-05-26T16:54:36.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18858" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18878" CreationDate="2016-05-26T17:02:36.263" Score="3" ViewCount="1042" Body="&lt;p&gt;So what's the best way to go about this? Lets pretend im testing localhost, or a remote site. That either has a mysql or postgreSQL database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a few automated tests that create things (X,Y,Z widgets). However deleting these would require clicking a link based on the xpath where it resides on a list of widgets to delete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems....very brittle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better way around this? Our main goal is to strengthen regression testing after pushing a new feature to a site that is sort of in &quot;maintenance/final mode&quot;). So resetting the database seed file is possible (This is mostly rails sites).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use database cleaner, but I cannot find a good tutorial on using it with capybara/poltergeist. Plus im not sure it works on remote sites (Since im not spinning up a capybara server, im hitting a remote site even if it's just localhost).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or are tests that &quot;add&quot; things just not a good idea in general, or I just have to deal with using brittle tests to delete the items?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="12629" LastEditDate="2016-06-01T15:49:47.043" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T05:40:03.073" Title="Deleting created data from Automated Tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;poltergeist&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18858" CreationDate="2016-05-26T17:11:38.013" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why not just delete whole database and copy it from clear master copy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless you want to test deleting those artifacts, wiping the whole database and replacing it with a clean copy seems fastest and rock-solid solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;re @Stanislav Bashkyrtsev answer: but to create randomized test which adapt to existing data is more work (== more possibility to add a bug to your tests, adding false positive or negative), and artifact leftovers after failed test might break tests which would pass on clean data. Leaving artifact you add one more cause of failure, which is not relevant to production code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-06-01T17:06:20.347" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T17:06:20.347" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15327" CreationDate="2016-05-27T03:00:48.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also use Selenium C# for several years and I don't have any problem with Explicit Wait. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This issue may be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;this is not a good + reliable method for explicit wait&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;maybe this comes from your site&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need more info to isolate the issue, I think you need to capture the screenshot and print out HTML when the test failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry, I don't have enough reputation to comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T03:00:48.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18320" CreationDate="2016-05-27T05:00:30.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm in this case, I will create a fucntion to select/unselect a checkbox then we can reuse it for all checkboxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C# sample&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private void Check(IWebElement element, bool isSelect)&#xA;{&#xA;    // get currentStatus of checkbox&#xA;    // if currentStatus not equal to isSelect then call click function&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a clear function, you may include it to Check() function above or create a separate function, it depends on how many time you use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T05:00:30.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-27T09:02:37.307" Score="0" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done some research and found that most frameworks available are either for unit testing or the work on them has stopped. I need to either build or find a suitable testing framework for functional testing that will have capabilities to take screenshots, write logs and manage test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our company has just started test automation hence I can not choose frameworks whose maintenance has come to halt. We are small setup so going for Proprietary options are also very limited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18530" LastEditorUserId="18530" LastEditDate="2016-05-30T07:24:28.533" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T14:56:01.850" Title="What test frameworks can be used when doing Selenium based automation in C# for functional tests?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18863" CreationDate="2016-05-27T09:47:29.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's wrong with Visual Studio Community?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's free, perfect for C# and has the Microsoft UnitTest framework integrated.&#xA;And if you don't like that one, use NUnit (also free).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T09:47:29.607" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18865" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-27T09:58:04.803" Score="1" ViewCount="1675" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please suggest some tools for automated GUI Testing of Windows Desktop Application. Freeware tools which can compete with Coded UI test projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18422" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T21:34:45.277" Title="Suggest some freeware GUI Automation Testing tools for Windows Desktop Applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-05-30T06:55:37.280" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18851" CreationDate="2016-05-27T10:21:50.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;currently Appium doesn't support for multiple session, so you cannot create another instance of driver to start another app (I hope the next release of Appium will support it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but alternatively, you can start another app while Appium the AUT still running. by starting it using ADB command.&#xA;for example if you want to start the messaging app, you can start it using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb shell monkey -p com.android.mms 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just implement it on your test code. For example in java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void startMessaging() {&#xA;    ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder(&quot;adb&quot;, &quot;shell&quot;, &quot;monkey&quot;, &quot;-p&quot;,&quot;com.android.mms&quot;, &quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    Process pc = pb.start();&#xA;    pc.waitFor();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Done&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12054" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T10:21:50.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18850" CreationDate="2016-05-27T15:38:17.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/glossary.html#glossary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Glossary&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latency&lt;/strong&gt;. JMeter measures the latency from just before sending the request to just after the first response has been received. Thus the time includes all the processing needed to assemble the request as well as assembling the first part of the response, which in general will be longer than one byte. Protocol analysers (such as Wireshark) measure the time when bytes are actually sent/received over the interface. The JMeter time should be closer to that which is experienced by a browser or other application client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Connect Time&lt;/strong&gt;. JMeter measures the time it took to establish the connection, including SSL handshake. Note that connect time is not automatically subtracted from latency. In case of connection error, the metric will be equal to the time it took to face the error, for example in case of Timeout, it should be equal to connection timeout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So these metrics are available only for &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You still can work it around by using &lt;a href=&quot;http://w3c.github.io/navigation-timing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Navigation Timings API&lt;/a&gt; which is supported by modern browsers and get the numbers by executing some JavaScript code like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WDS.sampleResult.sampleStart()&#xA;WDS.browser.get('http://jmeter-plugins.org')&#xA;var timings = WDS.browser.executeScript('var performance = window.performance || window.webkitPerformance || window.mozPerformance || window.msPerformance || {}; var timings = performance.timing || {}; return timings;');&#xA;WDS.log.info(timings)&#xA;WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will be able to get some metrics, calculate Connect and Latency times and store them like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WDS.sampleResult.setConnectTime(1234);&#xA;WDS.sampleResult.setLatency(5678);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0NmAC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0NmAC.png&quot; alt=&quot;WDS Navigation Timings&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt; article for more WebDriver Sampler tips and tricks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T15:38:17.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18830" CreationDate="2016-05-27T20:59:37.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While in theory it's appealing to have the same dependencies and their versions for many apps, in practice this often is not feasible. If each app has its own release cycle it's hardly possible to sync them. May work for 2, but good luck synching 10 apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to embrace the fact that dependencies are different and they update from time to time. But changes to the external dependencies are as risky as changes to your own source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Couple of thoughts to consider when updating:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When it comes to the dependencies &lt;strong&gt;Unit tests are often useless&lt;/strong&gt;. E.g. you can check how your code reacts on the situations when you emulate events in some framework. But you don't know if that framework would really emit this kind of event. For that you have to test your code &lt;em&gt;integrated with the framework&lt;/em&gt;. This is where Component and System tests play an important role.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your tests cover &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; specific logic. While your code won't treat value 15 as something special, the lib may. This is where you can miss an important bug in the dependencies. To mitigate the risks you can employ &lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/randomized-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Randomized Testing&lt;/a&gt;. So if for some field you have boundaries from 5 to 30, instead of cherry-picking and hardcoding your lucky number you can pass parameter &lt;code&gt;integer(5, 30)&lt;/code&gt;. This will use 15 at some point. Maybe not right away, but it's still better than never.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T20:59:37.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18865" CreationDate="2016-05-27T21:34:45.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Michael Durrant has pointed out a lot of the essentials in his comments already. From personal experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;, which is strong visually but somewhat buggy overall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt; is nice for standard Windows components, if rather limited otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8802/what-are-some-good-open-source-ui-testing-tools-for-testing-windows-gui?rq=1&quot;&gt;What are some good open source UI Testing tools for testing Windows GUI?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-05-27T21:34:45.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18313" CreationDate="2016-05-27T23:12:24.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;one choice by CLASS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;element class&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;another choice: by css selector (you need to work on css selector)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;css selector&quot;))&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;ng-class[&quot;\{\'selectedViewMenu\'\:SearchObj.param.View=='Videos'\}]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18544" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:15:15.787" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:15:15.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-28T06:36:00.540" Score="0" ViewCount="813" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know how and where to change the dashboard title and other content in jmeter 3.0 generated dashboard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2020-07-15T08:17:31.013" Title="How to change the dashboard title and content in the dashboard page in Jmeter 3.0 generated Dashboard" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18072" CreationDate="2016-05-28T07:22:54.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a very generic sense a test-bed could be defined as a kind of development environment whereby the implements of code or modules have the freedom of testing their modules without any disturbances from the testing team, in absolute confinement. However a test bed is not only specific to a development team. In the perspective of a test team or a tester, since the test bed is nothing but a platform identified for software / product testing, it is also interchangeably called a test environment. Any test bed or test environment would have to be configured in accordance to meet the identified test goal for the application/ product / software under test. In certain situations a test bed would be the collation of the test environment and the test data it operates with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T07:22:54.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18858" CreationDate="2016-05-28T08:17:19.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Do not clean data&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually it adds more problems than it solves:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you clean data in tests, the tests may fail (e.g. process is killed) and thus the DB won't be clean.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you clean data with external scripts - you'd have to write and maintain them separately. Even more - you'd have to not forget to run them from your local machine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This doesn't solve issues with concurrency. Imagine you, your colleague and CI running the tests at the same time. They will step on each other toes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a bug is found, you want to keep the records to investigate. So if you decide not to clean in case of failure, the environment will be unavailable for testing until the investigation is over.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Isolate your test data&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create new resources instead of reusing old data. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/randomized-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Randomize your testing&lt;/a&gt; to generate new data that doesn't clash with old records. E.g. when you create a user: &lt;code&gt;username = alphanumeric(1, 30)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow the test pyramid and do not write a lot of System tests. Write more of Unit and Component tests that do not leave traces after themselves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q1: &lt;strong&gt;Leaving artifacts you add one more cause of failure, which is not relevant to production code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A1: If we concentrate only on bugs in code - the tests may fail both because of bugs in production code and in tests. By randomizing you make the state of the SUT vary which may find the bugs - those that you could've missed accidentally. From this perspective yes - you add more cause of failures. But finding bugs (both for prod and for test code) is beneficial, so we should be good from this perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A case where this can add troubles is performance (see below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q2: &lt;strong&gt;Leaving artifacts may have performance implication - DB cannot contain infinite amount of data&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A2: One of the good parts of not-cleaning the DB is that with time you're going to have big volumes of data and that would also implicitly test the performance. But if no one cares about the performance it may cause the flakiness to the tests (e.g. if that dialog doesn't show up for several secs). What we can do is to periodically clean the env - on one of my projects we did this once in couple of years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also note, that if we do a proper &lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/test-pyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Pyramid&lt;/a&gt; we don't have a lot of system tests that leave the state - therefore we won't be overwhelmed with the data any soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastEditorUserId="14881" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T05:40:03.073" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T05:40:03.073" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17878" CreationDate="2016-05-28T08:49:30.383" Score="-1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Do not hire Automation QA&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are usually much less qualified than developers, but the salaries are comparable. A lot of technical challenges in testing require many years of hands-on dev experience which most of AQA lack.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AQAs do not usually touch Dev's code (at least because they're not the authors of it). Therefore if the code is not very testable, QA often implements nasty hacks in the tests. But a developer can change the code to be more testable and spend much smaller amount of time on that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AQAs mostly write System tests instead of following the &lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/test-pyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Pyramid&lt;/a&gt; that's &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt; useful. Many System tests slow down the whole team and increase the project spendings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With separate AQA person the stories are getting finished later (often in the next sprint) while if developer writes the tests he would have to finish with them before moving the task to Done. This activity is much more likely to be included into sprint planning than AQA activity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Hire a developer who's good at testing and processes&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are almost none of them on the market, but at least he won't be useless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;He can both implement an optimized automated testing and share his experience with other developers. If he codes, he won't be treated as someone external to the team and therefore will be allowed to change the production code to facilitate testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to find a person who's interested in CI/CD since testing is a very important part of these practices. Automated testing doesn't bring a lot of benefits if it's outside of CI/CD.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to implement &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRP29wFqu20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Quality Assistance instead of Quality Assurance&lt;/a&gt; like Atlassian did for one of their projects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Make developers responsible for quality&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often developers neglect the quality and are very bad at testing. Help them to work in this direction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hire a &lt;em&gt;manual&lt;/em&gt; test engineer with good test theory background. Ask that person to teach developers and to review their tests (I have a positive experience introducing such a person into the team). It's not always easy as Devs may be irritated by that. This all would depend on managers and leads and how they treat this endeavour. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If devs are responsible for the quality there won't be as much of bugs in general and the project will have a very good boost in performance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only if developers are responsible for the quality it's possible to implement Continuous Delivery.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastEditorUserId="14881" LastEditDate="2016-05-28T10:14:15.537" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T10:14:15.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13936" CreationDate="2016-05-28T14:27:48.130" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kind of a late response but still, in addition to what Venky has suggested from an Android Perspective, there are several tools available for iOS as well. These tools come along with XCode Instruments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. CPU&lt;/strong&gt;: &#xA;A) Time Profiler&#xA;B) Activity Monitor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. RAM&lt;/strong&gt;: A) Activity Monitor B) Allocations C) VM Tracker D)Leaks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Battery&lt;/strong&gt;: A) Energy Diagnostics B) Batter Usage (available on the device)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Network&lt;/strong&gt;: A) Network B) Activity Monitor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tools are part of XCode Instruments and help with your entire profiling process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18547" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T14:27:48.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17199" CreationDate="2016-05-28T14:55:23.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use &lt;code&gt;assertThat&lt;/code&gt; instead of simple &lt;code&gt;assertEquals&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;assertNotEquals&lt;/code&gt; for the reasons described on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1701113/why-should-i-use-hamcrest-matcher-and-assertthat-instead-of-traditional-assert&quot;&gt;Stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(actual, is(not(equalTo(expected)));&#xA;assertThat(actual, is(not(equalTo(0)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T14:55:23.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16701" CreationDate="2016-05-28T15:12:46.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer your first question,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it useful to do separate load testing on a mobile App?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very useful to do a separate load testing for a mobile application because, the raise of several mobile network technologies, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, etc. has led to variations in response times with increasing load on the server. The application owner needs to be aware of these differences so that it will help in making the application more effective. Additionally the client being a mobile device has plenty of physical constraints such as limited CPU, RAM, internal storage etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These constraints will be a hindrance when, for example, an animation which runs smoothly on the desktop renders itself with lag and jitter on the mobile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these need to be considered while conducting performance testing of a mobile application if one wants to simulate a scenario close to a real time condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you are only trying to understand just the server performance, it would be advisable to emulate at least the network profiles so that there are no shocks while in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of the answers have been quite elaborately stated above by @TESTasy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18547" LastActivityDate="2016-05-28T15:12:46.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18795" CreationDate="2016-05-29T00:19:06.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I figured it out.&#xA;Removed &lt;code&gt;driver=new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/code&gt; because I'm already using &lt;code&gt;driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(Node), capabilities);&lt;/code&gt; so it is not needed.&#xA;That was causing a duplicate blank browser loading first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T03:47:28.737" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T03:47:28.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16701" CreationDate="2016-05-29T00:54:38.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Question 1: Is it useful to do separate load testing on a mobile App? &#xA;So, can we say load testing of a mobile App is actually load testing of the web API...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer 1: Depending on the nature of testing it is always advised to run at least a subset of tests on real devices. The resources available on mobile devices are hugely different in comparison to PCs/Macs. There are emulators which a available to help simulate various conditions and are hosted on separate systems i.e. not on mobile devices which help developers to unit test at an early test and minimise defects but that does not eradicate the need for running the tests on mobile devices. E.g. You are running load tests for streaming a video file for 1 hour for 5000 concurrent users. This may work on PC/Server where you did your unit tests but may fail on the mobile devices and may lead to crash of the device. Therefore I always recommend to run it. These factors must be kept in mind while formulating test approach and identifying tools and building a test environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question 2: If not which tools can we use to load-test a mobile App?&#xA;My scenario is 5000 users using the App simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer 2: Looking at your scenario, you can use JMeter and HPLoadrunner as it is not the app which is under load, in this case it is login component or authentication server/token generation or streamining/drm servers which are under load, so you can trigger it from the APIs. But if you want to trigger it from real mobile devices then their are costly tools available to provide that kind of environment, however it will not be cost effective to ramp up to 5000 devices. Alternatively if you are testing for a Tier 1 company then they generally will have trial phases with friendly customers, in that case they will be the ideal people to trigger these tests and generate load, however may be late in the cycle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T00:54:38.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18853" CreationDate="2016-05-29T04:10:02.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using XSLT reports this report will give you page loading time and in your script set wait.until logic below is the sample for script and the code for XSLT report. check index.html report you will page loading time. And set Web driver wait time to high like 5 minutes see the example. Hope this will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//Wait for maximum 5 minutes if needed &#xA;      WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 300);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='displayname']&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XSLT code Add this in xml:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;            &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        &amp;lt;xslt in=&quot;${ng.result}/testng-results.xml&quot; style=&quot;src/com/SatoriMainProject/xslt/testng-results.xsl&quot;&#xA;              out=&quot;${ws.home}/XSLT_Reports/output/index.html&quot; classpathref=&quot;test.c&quot; processor=&quot;SaxonLiaison&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;param name=&quot;testNgXslt.outputDir&quot; expression=&quot;${ws.home}/XSLT_Reports/output/&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;param name=&quot;testNgXslt.showRuntimeTotals&quot; expression=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/xslt&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18544" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-05-29T17:46:14.713" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T17:46:14.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18887" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-29T11:15:41.497" Score="7" ViewCount="1452" Body="&lt;p&gt;Was just reading this question &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26882604/selenium-difference-between-webdriver-findelement-and-webelement-findelement&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26882604/selenium-difference-between-webdriver-findelement-and-webelement-findelement&lt;/a&gt; trying to understand the scope of the &lt;code&gt;webelements findelement()&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario were I am looking for a radio button on a form and sometimes it is throwing an exception that another element will receive the click. So, I'm creating an extension method to wait till the element is clickable.. By finding it, checking if its clickable, if not loop round and find it again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am wanting to know is, will this method work as expected? Or because I am using the &lt;code&gt;webelement.findelement()&lt;/code&gt; method it will always pickup the the old none clickable radio button? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;findelement&lt;/code&gt; searching within that elements scope, not too sure if it will always find old elements at the time i get the form or be aware of any elements that get added or removed from it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = _driver.TryFindElementWait(MyElement);&#xA;var myChildElement = element.TryFindElementWait(ChildElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the dom of the element changes whilst doing &lt;code&gt;element.TryFindElementWait()&lt;/code&gt; will element be aware of the changes or will it still be looking for an element that may or may not exist in element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18436" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T18:43:15.937" Title="Selenium - WebElement.FindElement() Aware of changes to DOM?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18790" CreationDate="2016-05-29T12:38:12.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me answer your queries in a different way i.e. not by looking at the number of testers and developers and how to utilise them during the initial phases of development cycle.&#xA;TDD and TFD tries to emphasise on a very important aspect of SDLC which in the long term helps in reducing testing costs and helps to launch a product on time if not sooner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whichever Testing model an organisation follows in majority of the cases high number of defects are identified during the Integration/E2E testing phases which may be down to multiple factors such as more live like infrastructure which was not available during unit test, more real data used for testing and also that all combinations of user journeys/ use cases were not captured/missed in the unit tests or may be not thought of. In such cases it adds a lot of time to the entire delivery schedule as the defect identified will then have to go back to the dev teams, fixed, unit tested and released to the integration test team for final signoff. &#xA;In the above example the dev teams did the same thing but as opposed to TDD approach they developed and tested the scenario at a much later phase, hence TDD is gaining momentum in complex deliveries to identify bugs at an earlier phase itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All organisations will have to move to DevOps and TDD and tweak these to suit their requirements to achieve their target dates. It is a culture that all need to inculcate in all the teams involved in the SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now looking at your particular query which is the utilisation of a team of 2 testers and a team of 8 developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Split the team to two (don't have to consist of equal size) with each tester in each team. Testers generally have more analytical approach to derive test combinations whereas the developers have more insight on how quickly he/she can create a stub/API to simulate it. The change in culture in TDD and DevOps is we should not differentiate and going forward the aim should be to classify an individual based on what tasks he/she needs to perform at that point that helps to utilise the team efficiently and also shares knowledge across all. &#xA;All the tests of a particular module need not be derived on the same day i.e. if a certain percentage of tests are derived then the actual development/coding can start (which can be done by team 2) while the identification of the remaining areas continue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help you and all the best for your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T12:38:12.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18376" CreationDate="2016-05-29T16:35:50.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The very first thing you should do is create a matrix of your steps which will give you exact idea how many test scenarios you have to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the matrix create a CSV (or any other data provider) according to matrix and add the data. Each row of CSV will be 1 test scenario and each row will have additional column which is expected output for e.g: if user name is invalid then a expected error message should be given for test scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now write a function which will read the data from CSV   row by row and assert the expected output with actual output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T16:35:50.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18842" CreationDate="2016-05-29T22:32:55.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no alternative to hard work and knowledge gained.&#xA;There is no shortcut way to derive the number of test cases without decision table or matrix created else you will make mistake or if you know the answer will try to reverse engineer and convince yourself with it with no real understanding and this wont help in your work life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best way is to practise and reduce time taken to derive the total number.&#xA;I went through this and I am sure you will excel it as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the best for your exam!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-29T22:32:55.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18757" CreationDate="2016-05-30T00:01:20.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once test packs are created the main objectives of review and signoff process is to confirm test coverage and then categorise each and every test case into High, Medium and Low categories based on BI (Business Impact) and Likelihood of Failure. At the end of the review process you will have the entire test pack categorised. This approach helps to Identify a regression pack. When you have to run a regression depending of the functional areas the new piece of code is due to impact ( if known ) the pack can be pulled. If there is no time constraint you can choose to run all the P1, P2 and P3 test cases. If there is a time constraint and risk appetite of the project and its stakeholders, only P1 can be executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this clarifies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T00:01:20.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18568" CreationDate="2016-05-30T00:28:51.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience this is what I have seen as the most effective way.&#xA;The starting point will be Business Requirements and Product Requirement documents. This helps to derive test cases and then drill down to Solution design documents and detailed designs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. from a Web Application testing project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Product Requirement A. As a Product owner the company's logo must be visible on the Login page in Arial Font size 10.&#xA;Business Requirement a. The application when accessed via PC/Mac must display a login prompt to the user just below the company logo on Welcome screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution Design : When referenced the solution design will give more insight to the flow from the login page to the subsequent components&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detailed design of the Login component will emphasise whether it uses http/https. How it is hosted and triggered. API detail, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you/your team is responsible for entire testing, you will need to refer to all the documents to ensure all the areas are covered in test including negative tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In larger organisations where there are multiple teams and vendors are involved the responsibilities may change and accordingly documentation to be referred changes as the test scope changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T00:28:51.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16174" CreationDate="2016-05-30T00:39:19.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way is to extract all the test cases from HP ALM with test steps in an excel and then use formula to count the steps for each test case. This will be lot quicker and save loads of manual efforts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T00:39:19.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18895" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18916" CreationDate="2016-05-30T02:47:45.520" Score="0" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our UAT uses chargeover for payment and other user management features. A couple weeks after we enabled automated testing about 50 test cases running about 2 runs every hour (can peak to 6-7 runs when more people are doing pre-commit validations), we got a call from chargeover saying we are making too many API calls to their service (10times/sec when peaking).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, what can we do about this? We are already paying for commercial. Is there a way to set up a fake CO instance for development and testing? (probably not)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: This is for integration testing, not API testing. The calls are made by our back-end services behind the scene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17407" LastEditorUserId="17407" LastEditDate="2016-05-30T04:29:16.667" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T14:45:47.397" Title="QA with application using chargeover" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18895" CreationDate="2016-05-30T03:14:47.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know anything about chargeover, though looking at their Web site, I don't see any easy way of getting a fake instance.  However, this is the sort of thing you'd use either mocking or some sort of other test framework for.  For most of your tests, you probably don't actually need to really access the CO service, you just need to make an API call and get some sort of response back, both of which I assume are documented.  So you should be able to write either a mock server or local test framework that pretends to be CO.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T03:14:47.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18224" CreationDate="2016-05-30T03:33:12.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://caniuse.com/#compare=chrome+51,safari+9.1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://caniuse.com/#compare=chrome+51,safari+9.1&lt;/a&gt;; that shows what HTML5 constructs Chrome/Blink allow that Safari (and hence webkit) don't.  Also, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/supported-web-standards.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://phantomjs.org/supported-web-standards.html&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Support for plugins (such as Flash) was dropped a long time ago. The primary reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pure headless (no X11) makes it impossible to have windowed plugin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Issues and bugs are hard to debug, due to the proprietary nature of&#xA;  such plugins (binary blobs) The following features, due to the nature&#xA;  of PhantomJS, are irrelevant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebGL would require an OpenGL-capable system. Since the goal of&#xA;  PhantomJS is to become 100% headless and self-contained, this is not&#xA;  acceptable. Using OpenGL emulation via Mesa can overcome the&#xA;  limitation, but then the performance would degrade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Video and Audio would require shipping a variety of different codecs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CSS 3-D needs a perspective-correct implementation of texture mapping.&#xA;  It can’t be implemented without a penalty in performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Each of the above feature may be supported in the future if the&#xA;  technical challenges associated with the implementations are solved.&#xA;  Until then, do not rely on those features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So anything that requires Flash, for example, isn't going to be testable via phantomjs.  Things that might involve window resizing isn't going to be testable, it appears.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T03:33:12.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18876" CreationDate="2016-05-30T04:49:18.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To change the title add the following line to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.reportgenerator.report_title=Your desired title&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You cannot change the content as it is being generated from result files. You can tune the representation of the existing content again by manipulating JMeter Properties which names start with &lt;code&gt;jmeter.reportgenerator.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Generating Report Dashboard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-05-30T04:49:18.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-30T08:32:29.947" Score="1" ViewCount="589" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need some valid/invalid test data to test the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am testing a web-based financial application written in .NET technologies. It has a SQL Server back-end. I am testing the UI/Functionality of the application and testing different user profiles, administrator pages, and many financial data reports that are in different formats like PDF, CSV, etc. There are many search parameters for reports based on &quot;Date Range&quot;, like data generated Today, yesterday, current month, etc. I can't test all combinations of search parameters combination because it is time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some ways to do Negative scenario testing that can help me find vulnerabilities of the application? I want to test: Input boxes that accept Alpha-numeric characters, test Radio buttons, check-boxes, URL manipulation testing, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:21:24.990" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:21:24.990" Title="I need some Invalid Test Data for Negative Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-06-01T07:48:45.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18899" CreationDate="2016-05-30T09:25:46.273" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the possible solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/randomized-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Generate a random object&lt;/a&gt; that has all the states different each time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use that object to fill the page &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use that object to check the response. There should be some asserts that understand that &quot;if this is filled, then the response needs to have this&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running this test multiple times would cover many of the scenarios. But you don't want this to be too generic having only one test that checks everything - the logic would be too complicated. You'd rather still have many smaller tests for particular fields. And by randomizing you won't need to test every possible negative value for each field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'm pretty sure that many of these tests can be run as Unit or Component tests which would simplify testing drastically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastEditorUserId="14881" LastEditDate="2016-06-01T05:35:04.900" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T05:35:04.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18902" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-30T13:08:16.007" Score="1" ViewCount="4070" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I automate scrolling in a native Android application? For example, on a 'terms and conditions' page. I am using Appium with selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18565" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T05:07:22.900" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T05:07:43.950" Title="How do I scroll in a native Android app using Appium Java?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8900" CreationDate="2016-05-30T15:34:35.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same question/problem.&#xA;This is how I solved it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String validHtml = &quot;some valid html&quot;;&#xA;InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(validHtml.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));&#xA;&#xA;Tidy tidy = new Tidy();&#xA;tidy.setXmlTags(true);&#xA;&#xA;tidy.parse(inputStream, null);&#xA;&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;errors &quot;+tidy.getParseErrors());&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;warnings &quot;+tidy.getParseWarnings());&#xA;assertTrue(&quot;HTML has errors and it should not.&quot;,tidy.getParseErrors()==0);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trick is in &lt;code&gt;setXMLTags(true)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18567" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T01:41:49.643" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T01:41:49.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-30T15:37:49.223" Score="2" ViewCount="566" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unable to click on the &quot;Login&quot; button provided in the header I am new to selenium, here is the code snippet &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Muft_Mashwara_login {&#xA;&#xA;    public WebDriver driver= null;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;    public void startBrowser (){&#xA;&#xA;        driver= new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://sqa.muftmashwara.be.vteamslabs.com/home&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        }   &#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void Click()throws InterruptedException &#xA;    {&#xA;        //Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='header2']/nav/div/ul/li/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;        WebElement loginTxt = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/main/div/section/article[2]/div/div/form[1]/div[1]/div/input&quot;));&#xA;        loginTxt.sendKeys(&quot;test@test.com&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @AfterMethod&#xA;    public void  Close(){&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it only works if I un-comment &quot;Thread.sleep&quot; I don't know how to implement dynamic wait in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11669" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:55:27.317" Title="Element is not clickable(x,y) even there is no scroll in page" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18093" CreationDate="2016-05-31T00:31:43.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is happening because your test case is unique and tracking back to the original test case which you don't want to edit/modify. &#xA;What you have to do is copy and create a new one and edit that. This will then not have mapping to the original script written&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T00:31:43.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18906" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-05-31T02:20:13.263" Score="1" ViewCount="2787" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have several folders in Test Lab having test cases. The work is divided between 4 resources for execution. How can I generate a report at the end of the day which shows how many test cases have been run by which resource?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, let's say we have 2 folders Regression and Progression. And, 2 resources, x and y. The report should give me something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression: x=(no. of test cases ran by x on that day) and y=(no. of test cases ran by y on that day)&#xA;Progression: x=(no. of test cases ran by x on that day) and y=(no. of test cases ran by y on that day)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18572" LastActivityDate="2021-04-08T11:07:00.713" Title="HP QC: How do I generate a report for resource wise test runs for a particular folder?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18904" CreationDate="2016-05-31T08:08:33.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to implement &lt;em&gt;dynamic wait&lt;/em&gt;, try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='header2']/nav/div/ul/li/a&quot;))).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='header2']/nav/div/ul/li/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:55:27.317" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:55:27.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20011" CreationDate="2016-05-31T09:28:15.660" Score="1" ViewCount="2265" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some automated tests that I'm running using Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've Jenkins connected to my GitSwarm which pulls the code from my branch and then exectutes it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have installed the &quot;Parallel Test Job Execution Plugin&quot; for Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the plugin I have specified the tests to run in 3 batches&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/HQ9gfPe.png&quot; alt=&quot;screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything else I should specify? I didn't think I would have to since I'm connecting to GitSwarm to run the code. The console output seems to state otherwise !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No record available, so executing everything in one place&#xA;[parameterized-trigger] Current build has no parameters.&#xA;ERROR: Build aborted. No projects to trigger. Check your configuration!&#xA;TestNG Reports Processing: START&#xA;Looking for TestNG results report in workspace using pattern: C:\jenkins\jobs\GIT_DVT\workspace\unisphere360\target\surefire-reports\&#xA;Did not find any matching files.&#xA;Finished: FAILURE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be greatly appreciated, it does seem like an easy way to have tests running parallel so hopefully its only a small error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Colin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18390" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T06:03:51.020" Title="Parallel Test Execution using Jenkins" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13714" CreationDate="2016-05-31T10:02:42.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We had faced same issues in the past. On node server before launching new node check any existing instance was running. Forcefully close the browser instances before again passing control back. Added bat file to do this functionality. It works perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18580" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T10:02:42.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9077" CreationDate="2016-05-31T10:18:12.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of relying solely on inbuilt ALM options, You can also try developing a macro tool or use an existing one.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.shooter-smith.co.uk/hp-qc-alm-test-case-and-script-download/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The one detailed in this site has a neat GUI to select ALM folders and the tool can also be used to download requirements or test sets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T10:18:12.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18529" CreationDate="2016-05-31T10:32:24.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you could give Ranorex a try. Automated test cases can easily be set up with the capture and replay functionality, as you can read here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/how-test-automation-works.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ranorex.com/how-test-automation-works.html&lt;/a&gt;. Additionally, it is now possible to execute tests remotely with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/remote-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex Remote&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15701" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T10:32:24.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18895" CreationDate="2016-05-31T14:45:47.397" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can provide a bit more detail here -- I work for ChargeOver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Firstly -- Please do feel free to reach out with us directly!&lt;/em&gt; We haven't spoken with you directly (we've spoken with Alvin about this only) but are more than happy to help in any way we can! Really! We love to help and code and want to make sure things are going well for you, and also don't impact our other customers negatively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our concerns revolve around the really unusual profile/patterns of the API requests  and the high volume of API requests. Currently we're seeing much higher API usage than just 10 requests/second -- as of this morning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;110,000+ API requests per hour&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;average of &lt;em&gt;30+ API requests/&lt;strong&gt;second&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;peek well over &lt;em&gt;60+ API requests/&lt;strong&gt;second&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some specific counts: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2016-05-31 06am CST     119,206 requests/hour&#xA;2016-05-31 05am CST     130,273 requests/hour&#xA;2016-05-31 04am CST     106,377 requests/hour&#xA;2016-05-31 03am CST      65,089 requests/hour&#xA;2016-05-31 02am CST     112,494 requests/hour&#xA;2016-05-31 01am CST     117,621 requests/hour&#xA;etc. etc. etc. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What triggered some warnings internally here is that you only have roughly ~120 subscriptions (active customers) you are testing with, and ~5000 customers you are testing with, while doing ~100,000+ &lt;code&gt;GET /customer/X&lt;/code&gt; requests/hour. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do your tests need to query for customers ~100,000+ times per hour when you have only ~120 active customers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regards to your specific questions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Now, what can we do about this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Caching&lt;/strong&gt; - Implement some level of caching in your application -- even caching a customer for 2 or 3 seconds is going to make a massive different in the number of API requests, and will offer the additional benefit of improving application performance on your end too! &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Profile/examine your code&lt;/strong&gt; - I suspect something is a little wonky within your app, given that you're querying for the same customers over and over and over again thousands of times every hour.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Talk to us&lt;/strong&gt; - If you can reach out to us with more specifics, we'd be glad to look over your code, or discuss other options if you really need this volume of API requests. I don't want to really talk about pricing in public given it's private financial information about your company, but there may be options here if you reach out to us.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let us know how else we can help -- we are happy to help in any way we can (but also need to make sure your unusual API usage doesn't impact our other customers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We are already paying for commercial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We may have options here if you reach out to us -- without getting into specifics, you are on one of our smallest/lowest pricing tiers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a way to set up a fake CO instance for development and testing? (probably not)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are already making these API requests to a copy of your production environment (a staging/test environment). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18586" LastActivityDate="2016-05-31T14:45:47.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1181" CreationDate="2016-05-31T18:24:54.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.ExecuteScript(string.Format(&quot;document.getElementById('cred-password-inputtext').value='{0}';&quot;,password));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution has resolved my problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18594" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-06-01T11:28:18.620" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T11:28:18.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18529" CreationDate="2016-06-01T05:55:10.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/test-automation-tool-for-mobile-testing-continuous-integration/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeeTestAutomation&lt;/a&gt;: It enables you to record scripts, as well as play them back. You can use it free for 30 days and see if it meets your needs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18599" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T05:55:10.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16701" CreationDate="2016-06-01T06:07:01.930" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance testing for a mobile app is essential. If your mobile application takes more than 3 seconds to load a page, you lose trust. Your app loses it's professional seal of approval and people will go from not engaging on it, not buying the products it offers, to discarding the app completely. Companies lose billions of dollars each year from users loading their ecommerce shopping carts with stuff, then right before they click buy, the app takes too long to load -- and the users abandon the purchase right before completing it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For performance testing, try &lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/performance-testing-tool-for-mobile-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeeTestNetworkVirtualization&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18599" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T06:07:01.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18923" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-01T08:56:40.227" Score="1" ViewCount="4911" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem with the following exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: Element is not clickable at point (1128, 997). Other element would receive the click...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My page object has a &quot;buy now&quot; button which I want to click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(xpath = &quot;.//*[@id='summary-right-column-wrapper']/div[3]/a&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement buyNow;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I have a getter with a explicit wait build in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement getBuyNow() {&#xA;    return wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(buyNow));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I call it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;final WebElement readyBuyNow = getBuyNow();&#xA;readyBuyNow.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why the element is still not clickable if I use the &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt;already?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&#xA;Best regards&#xA;Robert&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11367" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T10:47:37.430" Title="Selenium Element is not clickable at point with ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18923" CreationDate="2016-06-01T10:47:37.430" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The expected condition &lt;code&gt;elementToBeClickable&lt;/code&gt; checks two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visibility: it's not hidden per CSS rules (&lt;code&gt;display: none&lt;/code&gt;)and has a height and width &gt; 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clickable: the element may not have a &lt;code&gt;disabled&lt;/code&gt; attribute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's perfectly possible that those conditions are met and you're still getting that specific exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;most likely&lt;/em&gt; reason is some sort of pop-up, menu or autocomplete box appears over the element you're trying to click (which means nothing to Selenium in terms of 'visibility').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution&lt;/strong&gt;: make sure you close any elements hovering over the item you're trying to click.&#xA;Without having your specific website to test on, that's the best answer I can give (and it has been the solution for me every time I had this issue).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T10:47:37.430" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18925" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-01T13:12:52.537" Score="1" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which is more efficient mechanism for Object Identification in QTP - Xpath or Ordinal Identifiers ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17605" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T16:42:56.377" Title="Which is more efficient mechanism for Object Identification in QTP - Xpath or Ordinal Identifiers?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18925" CreationDate="2016-06-01T16:42:56.377" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First try with the properties Id,Name. If the objects are not having the unique properties then go for XPATH.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18590" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T16:42:56.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18929" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-01T18:38:02.003" Score="0" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off let me confess that I am not a Quality Assurance person and I've only tested my own code as a developer (we all know what that means) so I have scant knowledge of the technologies and processes that occupy this discipline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a third party workflow solution that interfaces with a back-end accounting system and we frequently get hotfixes and version upgrades which are either not thoroughly tested by the vendor or not tested on a system like ours so bugs get into our production system. Our current QA department (1 person) is pretty lame. BTW, if anyone would like to take a step in their careers and build a QA process from the ground up I'd like to talk to you! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the meantime, we are hard-pressed to find a solid way of doing testing when we get an upgrade. There are so many actions that can get jacked up and so far we've just been following a standard path through the process manually, which, so far anyway, has been missing stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18614" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T06:53:52.840" LastActivityDate="2019-12-14T23:02:00.237" Title="How to perform regression Testing for Nintex Workflows?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;qa-process&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18929" CreationDate="2016-06-01T19:23:30.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a sole tester I can offer you some suggestions here. You may already be on this path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have your manual standard path through the process: have you documented this? If not, document it first. Tribal knowledge can disappear very quickly when the one person who really understands the thing leaves. It doesn't matter how you document at this point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, anything you miss you add to the document. I've seen some astonishingly complete test case listings that were built by adding in anything that got missed for each release or patch. What will happen is that your basic regression test will grow - sometimes quite quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your third major focus happens next: work with your QA department to identify a path to automating your regression. Since you have a QA department of 1, there's a good chance they won't have bandwidth to automate without a whole team effort (that's QA and dev working together). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the third step can't happen, the fallback is to use as many people as you need to to perform your regression tests. Sooner or later that time investment will convince someone to allocate time to build test automation - but depending on your environment, it's much more likely to be &quot;later&quot; rather than &quot;sooner&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T19:23:30.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18906" CreationDate="2016-06-01T22:09:49.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On HP ALM 11&#xA;Go to Test Lab, select the folder that you want to generate graph for.&#xA;At your right you will see a pane with Live Analysis hyperlink. Click on that which will open up a small window with various filter options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Select on X axis the field that has your tester details e.g. responsible tester or test designer, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On Y axis choose your required field like Status for test runs/cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then click next.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thats it your graph will be ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you can also use Analysis on the menu bar or can also use Management Module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the best!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-06-01T22:09:49.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18280" CreationDate="2016-06-02T10:42:48.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yellow box testing-&#xA;It is a message level testing. We can say that yellow box testing is the validation of alert messages. User can test that whether the application is correctly providing the alert messages. This is widely used technique in manual testing these days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Green Box testing-&#xA;It is a testing process that exercises a software system's coexistence with others by taking multiple integrated systems that have passed system testing as input and test their required interactions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Red box testing - Red box testing is widely termed as Acceptance testing. The name says that if the system is not accepted then it is a red box and useless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These all techniques are part of manual testing services and are used with other software qa services like Black box, Grey box and White box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2016-06-02T10:42:48.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18936" CreationDate="2016-06-02T21:03:53.063" Score="4" ViewCount="1601" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new in automation, and my team is going to create an automation testing framework and we selected hybrid framework. We are using C# and Visual Studio. I am looking for selenium tutorials and I always see TestNG or NUnit frameworks to use. My question is do we really need those, or we can customize our own framework instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our plan is to have scripts that are a combination of data driven/keyword driven. I am already thinking about the Page Object Model to use for my scripts. We also would like to have a customized report, our data pool will be coming from excel/csv. What are your thoughts about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-02T21:27:45.740" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T04:43:46.383" Title="Do we really need testing framework when creating automation tests in C#?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18935" CreationDate="2016-06-02T21:15:02.953" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, technically you do not need a unit-testing framework. You could just execute Selenium steps from a C# program and write the results somewhere for you to monitor, but we use them as a runner of the tests. Since this gives standardized results which can be parsed by a continuous integration server to give you nice feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would advise you to use a unit-testing framework like NUnit to drive your tests. The development team is probably already using this for their unit-tests. Talk to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page Object Model is currently the best way to structure your Selenium tests to be relatively maintainable. Personally I would not use data coming from Excel, unless you want non-developers to update the data. Else it just adds another layer of complexity. Just store the data in some class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T17:11:16.197" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T17:11:16.197" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18935" CreationDate="2016-06-03T00:18:18.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea is that most of what you will end up writing has already been written and packaged up into a framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will provide the infrastructure to group, tag and set run order. It can groups tests into suites.  It will provide output and feedback in useful ways that can be customized.  It will help handle the setup, execute, teardown steps.  It can help you deploy tests to remote servers and Continuous Integration services.  All this and much more.&#xA;What seems like a pain to learn initially when you would rather just 'get coding' will often change if the alternate approach results in a mass of disorganized and repetitive code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;btw I think of the page object as a separate question and issue.  I've used them as simple variables in one project.  It could be used with/without a test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-03T00:18:18.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18940" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-03T09:18:19.870" Score="2" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a software developer that receives bug reports from several QA teams. I have several issues with these defects main ones being: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I receive identical defects from different teams, but because they&#xA;are reproduced in different environments the QA teams don't (want to)&#xA;consider them duplicates &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I receive multiple issues bundled in the&#xA;same defect (issues that some times don't pertain to the same&#xA;operating system for example), and the QA teams refuse to open&#xA;multiple defects because &quot;it would be hard to track&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most of the issues I get assigned aren't related to my code (which is kind of &#xA;a front end) so I need to forward them to the appropriate team /team member (but since the issues are bundled together that's really confusing, or most of the time impossible)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried to fix the QA team issues but I hit a wall. Does someone else have the same issue ?  What would be a good strategy to handle this ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&#xA;To clarify, I'm not looking for a way to modify the QA team behavior, I'm looking for a workflow strategy to handle the situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second edit:&#xA;It seems that people insist on answering the wrong question. To be clear - I'm asking for a &lt;strong&gt;personal&lt;/strong&gt; workflow strategy, I know what would be the be best approach in terms of the entire team, however pushing for that approach is not feasible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1964" LastEditorUserId="1964" LastEditDate="2016-06-04T17:20:31.717" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T06:16:13.227" Title="Mixed issues tracking" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18935" CreationDate="2016-06-03T14:26:07.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just want to add some clarity to the confusion in the first part of the question, as I don't think this will be the answer to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I totally understand the first confusion about test frameworks. The problem is, the phrase test framework is used for almost different purpose products and is overloaded. You can easily create your own basic test framework (lots of blogs and examples around) which starts with the ideas of bundling certain requirements of a test framework such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easily running a subset of your test collection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;getting a summary result of the subset test run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you start adding other requirements that lead to having a more advanced tool, such as getting nice reports, integrating it with your development environment, etc. And they are all called test frameworks (from the simplest, less than 100 lines of code to the most advanced commercial ones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, I have searched for websites/guides for creating the simplest of automation testing frameworks. Please, I would be most grateful if you can nudge me in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15432" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T04:43:46.383" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T04:43:46.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18943" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18945" CreationDate="2016-06-03T15:36:27.093" Score="3" ViewCount="6190" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium via Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test case logs into an account, but when the next test case runs (which happens to also log into an account) it fails since the credentials are still saved from the previous test case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I used the driver.manage().deleteAllCookies() method, however, this method does NOT delete all cookies thus does not delete the cookie I want to be deleted. So I used the delete driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed(&quot;facebook&quot;) method but it does NOT delete the facebook cookie because it determines it not to exist for some reason when in fact it does exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are, how does the selenium cookie method determine what cookies exist? My second question is, how can I delete this cookie? My third question is, if I can't delete this cookie, what other options do I have to delete the browser data in order for my test case to pass? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T03:14:20.383" Title="Selenium delete cookie" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18943" CreationDate="2016-06-04T02:53:55.977" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you call &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().deleteAllCookies()&lt;/code&gt; it deletes all cookies for the current domain. So if you're on bbc.co.uk page it will not be able to remove cookies for facebook.com domain. &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed(cookieName)&lt;/code&gt; can delete only a cookie for a current domain. It's stems from the the way Web browsers work, WebDriver cannot do more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are the following solutions to that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With &lt;code&gt;driver.get(url)&lt;/code&gt; get to every URL you want cookies to be deleted for and then delete them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instance from scratch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Logout link or go to logout URL, specific for your application. This will delete session cookies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, each test should start with a fresh browser (solution 2), unless there's some explicit dependency between tests. Solution 3 does not warranty session cookies will be deleted from a browser, if the application you are testing does not handle logout properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver JavaDoc API&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#delete-all-cookies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver standard W3C Working Draft&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-06-04T03:14:20.383" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T03:14:20.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="18953" CreationDate="2016-06-04T09:48:29.990" Score="3" ViewCount="3680" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the hierarchy to  use 'find element' by ID, class, or xpath and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is preferred over which?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some elements class is being used - is that recommended?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18657" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:02:23.923" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:02:23.923" Title="What is the hierarchy to use for finding elements - ID, class, name, xpath?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18948" CreationDate="2016-06-04T10:03:06.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on by which locator your element get located, but you should always follow the order following is top priority(fast) to low priority(slow) locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partial link text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tag name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Class name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T10:03:06.633" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18940" CreationDate="2016-06-04T10:27:50.510" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ya know, it's late at night for me but it sounds like you are getting too many tasks assigned to you.. I would&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Prioritize the QA tasks. There should be less than about six tasks at any time that are high priority...something like that. Do the lowest priority tasks really need to be completed?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Revise prioritizes and estimates regularly. If too many new QA tasks are coming in, seriously consider removing the lowest priority ones or defer them to some other time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Applying Agile programming practices. Involve the QA manager and  stakeholders in a calendar of releases or sprints spaced as regular units of time (daily, weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, etc. etc.) Let QA management know what tasks can reasonably be completed in each unit of time. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hold daily scrums. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I've been drinking hot toddies, but all and all, set boundaries and use stakeholders to hold QA accountable to consise bug reporting. I use to work in QA and often felt empathy for dev. Much love!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18658" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T10:27:50.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18940" CreationDate="2016-06-04T13:00:28.723" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is all about process, organization, workflow and communication.  Take a step back and think about the big picture and how things should work.  First work on the big picture with everyone and then drill down to the details, making an extra effort to map out the workflow, agree on the details and iron out the kinks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would focus on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;promote the whole team approach site with physical co-location whenever possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;agreeing on whether folks should search for existing issues first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;discussing and agreeing on the criteria to use to determine when a ticket is really new or just another instance in another environment.  You can use some past examples to help drive the conversation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talk about the advantages and disadvantages of tracking multiple defects and find out what the &lt;em&gt;specific&lt;/em&gt; issues are that this presents to the QA team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talk about how having multiple issues or both front and back end issues is or isn't working for you - and the QA team - and how you can reach compromises on what will work ok for both.  Maybe not perfect for both - teamwork requires that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have scheduled retrospectives that re-examine the process and see what is working and what needs to be changed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;btw &quot;I'm not looking for a way to modify behavior&quot;. hmm. It's ok to. For both Developers and QA team.  It's Agile, it's a good thing.  It's part of change and learning.  Behavior is part of the big picture workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T13:00:28.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18948" CreationDate="2016-06-04T13:22:01.660" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;My main criteria is readability and maintainability.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Speed has never been as issue for me.  There's other parts of the test frameworks I use that have much more significant speed issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basic idea is always 'what will it take to uniquely identify the element' with two principles:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't over specify the page structure - this will make the selector more robust&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't under specify the element - use enough information to uniquely identify an element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally I will always use CSS over XPATH unless there is a specific reason not to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My order is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ID   If it is actually unique this is always the best bet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elements and class/name combinations, e.g. &lt;code&gt;input.last_name&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;input[name='last_name']&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;div.home_address input.street&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Text on the page.   Frequently more subject to change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data attributes, e.g. &lt;code&gt;DIV[data-customer='gender']&lt;/code&gt;  These can be an alternative to sharing js tags or layout styling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Relative address (with xpath).  This is for the (rare) occasions when I need to identify an elements on a dynamic page with changing content and then select another element relative to that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to whether class &quot;is recommended?&quot;.  It actually brings up a bigger issues as ID, Class and Name are all used by the following groups:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;designers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automation engineers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if the automation group uses a class as part of identifying an element and then a developer or designer changes that class name, the automation breaks and vice-versa.  So this is why you need to use the big picture team approach to this to agree on how to work together effectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T15:55:52.650" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T15:55:52.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18956" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-04T20:46:21.787" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to verify hyperlink which in under the red border using data provider method. print them  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) User can click on hyperlink&#xA;2) Using data provider print the text into the console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P5p5x.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P5p5x.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18222" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T20:46:21.787" Title="How to Verify link using dataprovider" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-06-10T10:26:26.923" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="130" CreationDate="2016-06-04T23:38:13.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Documentation is very important in all projects and organisation.&#xA;Follow TMMi standards. It provides a skeleton on how to store documentation across all the phases of SDLC, templates that one should use and structure them on your sharepoint sites for easy access&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-06-04T23:38:13.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1573" CreationDate="2016-06-05T00:06:47.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I heard about this term 4 years back from now in one of the Trials defects triage call. Show Stopper/Functional Show Stopper is used to categorise defects which makes the entire system unusable i.e. there is no workaround and must be fixed before Live deployment.&#xA;E.g. &#xA;Defect Summary: Set top box does not respond at all and a black screen is displayed post software upgrade.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Impact: Users are unable to use any feature. Reboot does not resolve the issue. Code downgrade is not supported, hence only way to resolve this issue is to replace the affected box with a new one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned is the above example, there is no way post code upgrade to recover the same Set top box. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T00:06:47.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3403" CreationDate="2016-06-05T00:18:59.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alpha: Internal user base, development still in progress, all features fully not ready. Testing continues in parallel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beta: External user base, all features ready but extended to friendly customers to expose it to more people for identification of more defects outside testing environment as majority of the cases Beta is conducted on Production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pre - Beta: Few companies use it even if it is not a formal term coined by test standards but what I have encountered in few companies and projects mean the below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An intermediate stage that does not last more than few weeks where for some reason example a) all trialists have not been recruited b) Beta trials date have been delayed due to identification of defects but the code is ready for majority of the functional features Pre Beta is considered as an option as a mitigation plan. This is primarily done for 2 reasons 1) if there are any contractual obligations to hit any particular dates and make the code accessible to third party vendors for integration purposes on Production environment or 2) There are particular scalability/operational items that needs to be validated and can be done only on Production. This trial base provides the perfect condition as the number of trialists are more than Alpha base but lesser than Beta (which also consists of paid customers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T00:18:59.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="18960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1573" CreationDate="2016-06-05T01:16:19.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My understanding of the common use of functional show stopper is that is about an issue that affects a key piece of end user functionality and is visible to end users.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For that reason alone it is a show-stopper on the release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is as opposed to other issues such as test failures, log storage issues, minor ui layout issues, background image issues, javascript organization and framework, etc. which may or may not be show-stoppers but either way are not about the applications functionality for end users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T01:16:19.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17929" CreationDate="2016-06-05T02:33:01.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about a wiki, or something like a wiki?  I'm thinking specifically of the ability to include pages inside other pages, so you could make a change to one of the inner pages, and then have it reflected in all the containers.  I believe you can do something similar with MS Word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-06-05T02:33:01.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19959" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19962" CreationDate="2016-06-05T03:56:56.970" Score="1" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to JMeter and I want to learn JMeter step by step. Would you suggest me the easiest ways that how can I start a performance testing using JMeter??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Matvey H &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18664" LastEditorUserId="18664" LastEditDate="2016-06-05T04:22:00.640" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T05:19:25.693" Title="Performance testing using Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-06-09T07:42:42.517" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16537" CreationDate="2016-06-06T02:49:24.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you not to bind any particular automation tools to your testing. Which means that at the test framework level, you need to have a shared layer as the interface to the test automation developers. While underline framework development could use any automation tool which works fine with different kinds of applications like web and win form. In this case your needs (automation test) and the tools you use (the particular technologies the SUT uses) are separated. That enables you to leverage what ever automation tools works with your SUT. For example, you may use LDTP, or Sikuli or QuickTest to drive your desktop SUT at the sametime. Or replace on with another, but the modification required to your test cases are minimal, even transparent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to your question, which automation tool works better with your winform SUT depends on what kind of technology is used to build the winform. If it is MFC or WPF, I think tools like QuickTest or WinLDTP could be the options, if it is Java Swing, there is special test tool to do that. Also you need to consider if you would only use opensource or free tools, or you have budget for commercial automation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4993" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T02:49:24.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19959" CreationDate="2016-06-06T05:19:25.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the best option to start with is JMeter official &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Manual&lt;/a&gt;.Given you read it end-to-end and execute mentioned examples to get understanding on how this or that test element works - you'll be good to go to start load testing using JMeter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More detailed information on each Test Element can be found at &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Component Reference&lt;/a&gt; page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information regarding JMeter Functions is at &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Functions and Variables&lt;/a&gt; page &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest bookmarking &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/ultimate-jmeter-resource-list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Ultimate JMeter Resource List&lt;/a&gt; - the most comprehensive compilation of JMeter-related materials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T05:19:25.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18887" CreationDate="2016-06-06T08:02:23.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If the dom of the element changes whilst doing&#xA;  element.TryFindElementWait() will element be aware of the changes or&#xA;  will it still be looking for an element that may or may not exist in&#xA;  element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium starts finding an element after finishing loading page, so I don't think &quot;the dom of the element changes whilst doing element.TryFindElementWait()&quot; is a valid case here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your site works like this, Selenium may look at the old HTML to find your child element (Selenium may catch the new HTML if your DOM changes super fast)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="18358" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T08:13:25.923" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T08:13:25.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19965" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-06T10:08:42.427" Score="3" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been POM design pattern with pagefactory from past ~ 4 years. In current project again I have implemented same pattern, but there are not so many pages infact majority of test cases work on 1 single page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to drop the idea of using POM, but then which one should I choose. Which design pattern other than POM, is tested enough, has better results and has been appreciated by client?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T10:34:43.727" Title="selenium 2.0: Design pattern for projects which doesn't have so many pages" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19967" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-06T12:33:13.680" Score="4" ViewCount="13767" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've spent a while trying to get my Jenkins view to show the information I want about my test jobs, however I can't find a way to concisely display test results graphically. I am currently using Dashboard View image portlets to link to the graphs generated at &lt;code&gt;job/&amp;lt;job-name&amp;gt;/test/trend&lt;/code&gt;, however this is still quite limited. I also have &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Test+Results+Analyzer+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Results Analyzer&lt;/a&gt; which generates some nice graphs, but this required navigating to a separate page for each job. What I would like is the ability to include the horizontal bar from the Test Results Analyzer 'build status' chart for the latest build as a column in the jobs table, something like this:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Ees9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Ees9.png&quot; alt=&quot;job table idea&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Does anyone know if there is any tool or plugin to produce something like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18675" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T04:14:21.777" Title="Is there a way to make Jenkins display test results graphically in a job column?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-08-04T01:06:54.520" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17650" CreationDate="2016-06-06T12:48:31.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You did not specify a client operating system, but here is an idea for Linux.  Using &lt;code&gt;cgroups&lt;/code&gt;, you can constrain how much CPU a process (or group of processes) can use.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the idea.  &lt;em&gt;Cgroups&lt;/em&gt; (short for Control Groups) is a Linux facility for constraining the resources used by a process or group of processes.  You create a cgroup from the command line, then you use additional commands to describe the cgroup's constraints.  After that, any process started within that cgroup will be subject to those constraints. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mentioned CPU time as a constraint, but you can also constrain network bandwidth, memory, and other kinds of resources.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Resource_Management_Guide/sec-cpu.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This RedHat page&lt;/a&gt; provides more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-06T12:57:51.257" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T12:57:51.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19967" CreationDate="2016-06-06T14:16:52.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jenkins has an &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkinsapi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API&lt;/a&gt; with which you can make your own &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.nl/search?q=radiator%20%20jenkins%20dashboard&amp;amp;source=lnms&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi9ubSyyJPNAhXG2RoKHWCrDl0Q_AUIBygB&amp;amp;biw=1920&amp;amp;bih=955&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;radiator dashboard view&lt;/a&gt;. I don't think you can build what you want with the standard plugins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some developers already created external views with the API. Maybe something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://qone.io/jenkins/react/dashboard/testing/stats/2015/11/14/jenkins-test-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; is what you are looking for. Should be relative easy for a developer to extend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MQZCz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MQZCz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is another one which looks promising: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/blog/2016/01/10/beautiful-jenkins-dashboard/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://jenkins.io/blog/2016/01/10/beautiful-jenkins-dashboard/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T14:16:52.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19965" CreationDate="2016-06-06T14:58:01.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use the 'facade' pattern. You put all methods for every single page into one class, create an instance of that class and just use that object to make every single call. This makes it easier to use and develop but pretty hard to maintain as the application grows more complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facade_pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facade_pattern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to clarify - POM is not just about the number of pages, it is also about modeling different page components into objects. So if your single/few page application has many components, POM is still a nice pattern to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7008" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T14:58:01.073" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15654" CreationDate="2016-06-06T16:50:20.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is a rather old question,  but I will answer it anyway.  Recently I came across and solved this issue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Im sure we know,  we can data drive tests with the DataSource tag. This can be used to pull the parameters out of testcases.  Example following...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; [TestCategory(&quot;CodedUITest&quot;), DataSource(&quot;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.DataSource.TestCase&quot;, &quot;Server_Path;TestPlanName&quot;, &quot;TestCaseID&quot;,DataAccessMethod.Sequential), TestMethod]&#xA;&#xA;Public void CodedUITest&#xA;{&#xA;  //Do test Stuff&#xA;  String parameter = TestContext.DataRow[&quot;parameter&quot;];&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone needs anything discussed in more details,  feel free to ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T01:09:34.780" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T01:09:34.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17340" CreationDate="2016-06-06T18:33:47.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wow... you're making this much harder than it has to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QTP actually DOES have a timing system built in, you can set and check MANY timers as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I wait for something that could take forever:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Seconds_to_Wait = 60  'one minute timer&#xA;(Messages_Displayed = 0  'optional&#xA;&#xA;MercuryTimers(&quot;simple timer&quot;).Start&#xA;&#xA;Do&#xA;    'check for success&#xA;    if CheckIfWorkSucceeded() then&#xA;        print &quot;yay it worked&quot;&#xA;        exit do&#xA;    end if  &#xA;&#xA;    'check for timeout&#xA;    If MercuryTimers(&quot;simple timer&quot;).ElapsedTime &amp;gt; Seconds_to_Wait * 1000 Then&#xA;        print &quot;boo it failed&quot;   &#xA;        exittest 'or, goto subroutine to handle graceful exit       &#xA;    End If&#xA;&#xA;    'optional&#xA;    If (MercuryTimers(&quot;simple timer&quot;).ElapsedTime &amp;gt; (Messages_Displayed * 5) * 1000) Then 'every 5 seconds&#xA;        print round(Seconds_to_Wait - (MercuryTimers(&quot;simple timer&quot;).ElapsedTime / 1000)) &amp;amp; &quot; seconds remaining before timeout.&quot;&#xA;        Messages_Displayed = Messages_Displayed + 1&#xA;    End If&#xA;Loop&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18686" LastActivityDate="2016-06-06T18:33:47.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19974" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-06T19:48:40.313" Score="5" ViewCount="1097" Body="&lt;p&gt;Team,&#xA;What is definition of done for automation testing?&#xA;For example, do we consider execution time or test case coverage? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18688" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T10:38:41.333" LastActivityDate="2018-10-23T12:55:31.760" Title="What is definition of done in automation testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19974" CreationDate="2016-06-06T20:48:36.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated testing is done when all the current functionality is covered by the tests, i.e. test case coverage.  When the automated testing is done I always recommend manual testing on top of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have specific performance and/or load tests they will have criteria as to whether they are passing or failing, i.e. completing within the time specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T21:39:21.537" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T21:39:21.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16795" CreationDate="2016-06-07T03:31:25.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A possible solution for this issue could be to find the label control containing the value you are looking to select, then find the child control  (which should be the radio button) then selecting the radio button. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  String labelToFind = &quot;Senior&quot;;&#xA;        BrowserWindow browser = BrowserWindow.Launch(@&quot;pathToHTMLFile&quot;);&#xA;        HtmlLabel theLabelToFind = new HtmlLabel(browser);&#xA;        theLabelToFind.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlLabel.PropertyNames.InnerText, labelToFind);&#xA;&#xA;        if (theLabelToFind.Exists)&#xA;        {&#xA;            UITestControlCollection childrenOfLabel = theLabelToFind.GetChildren();&#xA;            if (childrenOfLabel.Count &amp;gt;= 1)&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (childrenOfLabel[0].ControlType.Name == &quot;RadioButton&quot;)&#xA;                {&#xA;&#xA;                    //can use either one of these two to select the radio button&#xA;                    // Mouse.Click(childrenOfLabel[0]);&#xA;                    childrenOfLabel[0].SetProperty(&quot;Selected&quot;, true);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like you said,  another way (and a bit simpler way) could be to just click on the label containing the RadioButton.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        String labelToFind = &quot;Senior&quot;;&#xA;        BrowserWindow browser = BrowserWindow.Launch(@&quot;pathToHTMLFile&quot;);&#xA;        HtmlLabel theLabelToFind = new HtmlLabel(browser);&#xA;        theLabelToFind.SearchProperties.Add(HtmlLabel.PropertyNames.InnerText, labelToFind);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        if(theLabelToFind.Exists)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Mouse.Click(theLabelToFind);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: Both of these code examples can be built out to handle more errors and are only proof of concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastEditorUserId="11866" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T12:23:20.390" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T12:23:20.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-07T07:58:25.363" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;For testing mobile mobile web apps or native mobile apps, the best solution I know calls &lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/test-automation-tool-for-mobile-testing-continuous-integration/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeeTest&lt;/a&gt;, It allows you to run mobile test &#xA;on iOS, Android, WindowsPhone and blackBerry. You can do parallel execution and integrate with CI systems. It is by far more stable and &#xA;comprehensive set of tools for testing any aspect of application. &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18599" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T07:58:25.363" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-06-07T07:58:25.363" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19999" CreationDate="2016-06-07T08:59:35.237" Score="0" ViewCount="1048" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to move my jmeter scripts from 2.13 version to 3.0. we are using ant xslt reports for functional testing report format. Can anyone help me how to achieve the same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18696" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T13:18:52.880" Title="How to create ant XSLT report using Jmeter 3.0?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20097" CreationDate="2016-06-07T10:46:22.380" Score="0" ViewCount="1112" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a batch file containing Java file locations : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;% C:/location...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now , when I double click this file, it opens up eclipse with this java class inside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want is that this file also should get executed by clicking the batch file, and after that, the rest of the classes in this package should get executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18697" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-06-14T05:20:16.760" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T05:20:16.760" Title="How to execute a Selenium Java test using batch file?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;batch-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19987" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-07T13:16:40.080" Score="6" ViewCount="12953" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose a webpage has a functionality, it refreshes the whole webpage after a fixed time interval and nothing changes on the webpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How we can test this with automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18700" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-06-07T13:22:36.003" LastActivityDate="2018-02-27T21:02:57.847" Title="How we can verify whether webpage is refreshed or not?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19987" CreationDate="2016-06-07T13:22:10.893" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One possible way is to force a change in a parallel session or in the database with a script. Then you can keep polling for some seconds until the new data becomes visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect the feature is not to refresh the page, but to refresh to show new data. Test the feature, not only the known behavior, thus test why the page refreshes instead. Ask yourself how you would test it manually, I guess automated would be the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in a single page web-application the page does not refresh, only the content is partly updated, making it even harder to check if the page is really updated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to ask the development-team to add an invisible counter to the page which you can read out to check the page has finished refreshing. In short ask them to make the application testable for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T13:22:10.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19987" CreationDate="2016-06-07T14:12:05.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask development to place a HTML comment that has the timestamp, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!-- 06-jan-2016 08:09--&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or add it to the actual page so that tools that have access to the full dom can easily access it, but make it not display on the browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div display:none&quot;&amp;gt;06-jan-2016 08:09&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it has to be present but not visible then&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div visibility:hidden&quot;&amp;gt;06-jan-2016 08:09&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to look into http timestamps as mentioned in&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/http-the-protocol-every-web-developer-must-know-part-1--net-31177&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/http-the-protocol-every-web-developer-must-know-part-1--net-31177&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Specifically &lt;em&gt;&quot;The Date header field is used to timestamp the request/response message&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-14T12:32:09.587" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T12:32:09.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17771" CreationDate="2016-06-07T14:33:26.490" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are doing Automated testing I would suggest TestNG as mentioned previously along with ExtentReport&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ExtentReport is used to create a report based on the results from your TestNG tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://relevantcodes.com/Tools/ExtentReports2/ExtentJava.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://relevantcodes.com/Tools/ExtentReports2/ExtentJava.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use it as either a &lt;strong&gt;Logger&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;Listener&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Logger&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The logger function is where you add a log to your test step and this will then be logged in the report along with the status of the test eg. Pass/Fail/Skip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ontestautomation.com/creating-html-reports-for-your-selenium-tests-using-extentreports/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ontestautomation.com/creating-html-reports-for-your-selenium-tests-using-extentreports/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Listener&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use ExtentReport as a listener. This is where ExtentReport will listen in on the tests being run and then generate a report based on your results. This is useful if you don't want to add in extra code to your test classes. You then specify the listener in your TestNG test XML file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ontestautomation.com/using-the-extentreports-testng-listener-in-selenium-page-object-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ontestautomation.com/using-the-extentreports-testng-listener-in-selenium-page-object-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also specify the dependency if you are using a Maven style project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.relevantcodes/extentreports/2.40.2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.relevantcodes/extentreports/2.40.2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is for version 2.40.2. They now have however version 2.41.0 released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18390" LastEditorUserId="18390" LastEditDate="2016-06-08T07:46:40.400" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T07:46:40.400" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19991" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19992" CreationDate="2016-06-07T16:18:58.950" Score="1" ViewCount="1333" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was looking for some help on how to distinguish a bunch of ng-binds that are in an ng-repeat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal of this situation is to go through the ng-repeat list of documents, and click on the ng-bind for each document. Clicking on the link will open a new window that display a PDF. I just want to test that when all of the links in the document list are clicked, they open up and display the PDF in a new browser window. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem that I'm running into is that all of the links are named the same, &lt;code&gt;ng-bind=&quot;document.title&quot;&lt;/code&gt; so when Protractor sees all of the same elements it gives the typical message &lt;code&gt;more than one element found...the first result will be used&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume there is a way to distinguish each of these elements by an index number or something, but I couldn't find anything on Google that showed how to do it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I was hoping someone here would know how to achieve this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I attached a picture of the code in the dev console to help see what it looks like. The red boxes are the individual documents displayed on the page. And the highlight is just showing where the ng-repeat and ng-bind are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'm using protractor v2.5.1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DiV4R.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DiV4R.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18703" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T19:45:25.483" Title="How to distinguish ng-bind's in Protractor?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19991" CreationDate="2016-06-07T19:45:25.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a bit of time today to go back and look at how to implement code for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I ended up doing was getting all of the ng-repeats and then looping through each repeat, get a total count of the number of documents, then identify them by &lt;code&gt;element(by.binding('document title'))&lt;/code&gt;. After clicking on all of the links, I used &lt;code&gt;browser.getAllWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt; to get and count how many windows I had open. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code I used so others can see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.all(by.repeater('document in vm.documents')).then(function(documents) {&#xA;&#xA;    console.log('NUMBER OF DOCUMENTS *** ' + documents.length);&#xA;    for (var i = 0; i &amp;lt; documents.length; i++) {&#xA;        documents[i].element(by.binding('document.title')).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function(handles) {&#xA;        console.log('NUMBER OF WINDOWS *** ' + handles.length);&#xA;        expect(handles.length).toEqual(documents.length + 1);&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18703" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T19:45:25.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19993" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="19998" CreationDate="2016-06-07T20:11:07.143" Score="1" ViewCount="889" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done some searches on this topic, and it seems that almost everyone recommend to use a copy of PROD environment to do such tests&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example this answer on SQA: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17546/can-a-proportionately-scaled-down-testing-environment-find-performance-load-issu&quot;&gt;click&lt;/a&gt; and also I've reviewed &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb924375.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microsoft's Performance Testing Guidance for Web Applications&lt;/a&gt; and some other resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I actually know that testing on scaled down enviroment has a little value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But in our case this is not an option&lt;/strong&gt;- our Boss roundly said that we can't afford for a copy of PROD, and we must use much smaller testing environments to do performance tests.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am looking for an information how to plan and organize such test in a sensible way ? What kind of tests we need to implement ? What data/metric we should collect ? What kind of problems can be/ or cannot be catch by this &quot;reduced&quot; test ?&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Our PROD environment consists of 6 application servers, 2 database servers and a few auxiliary servers, the whole system supports about 200-400 simultanous users (on average).&lt;br&gt;Test environments are much smaller.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5977" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T05:31:39.363" Title="How to do a performance/load tests on a scaled down environment?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19993" CreationDate="2016-06-07T21:09:15.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The sorts of problems you're looking for in a performance test have to do with load, locks, bandwidth usage, response time, and so on.  And they don't scale in either direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find performance problems in the smaller environment that the larger one would never experience, and you'll hit problems in the large environment that the smaller one couldn't find.  So you'll end up fixing problems that don't matter, and not finding the ones that do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize this isn't answering the question, but there isn't a good answer to the question.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T21:09:15.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19974" CreationDate="2016-06-07T22:18:17.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prior to automating a test case/test pack the checkpoints must be agreed. If you are purely automating a functional test case which does not validate how long it takes between one step and the next, in that case as long as the agreed journey is automated and functional checkpoints are met, the test case/pack is considered to be completed from scripting perspective. But if you are automating a non functional requirement/test case then it is important to have the response time validation in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I consider and approve any test case to be automated when it gives the same test result as a manual test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps, best of luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-06-07T22:18:17.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19996" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20017" CreationDate="2016-06-07T22:26:59.613" Score="2" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a test automation project for a webpage portal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to achieve is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform a HTML encoding conformance test; I have noticed that there are a number of missing tags, un-escaped characters and etc in its HTML.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spider this web and index all items for comparison purpose; by doing this, I can find out if a new element is added or if an element is missing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a snap shot of the Q&amp;amp;A section as I have noticed a large portion of its text is not in English. After the developers (based in a foreign country) write Q&amp;amp;A in English, I want to make sure texts stay in English.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on all &quot;link&quot; elements, making sure they are valid, e.g. there is no 404.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement automated tests on filling a form, inputting a password, making a choice from a drop down list and etc. (This is the bulk of this project)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other things I am missing from my list?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T04:37:49.357" Title="Is my website test approach comprehensive enough?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-06-09T11:37:51.457" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-08T05:13:29.177" Score="0" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know quite well the difference between Quality Control and Quality Assurance. However (maybe as I am not a native speaker) I have issues with understanding of QC as defined by ISO 9000:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;QC - 'part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality&#xA;  requirements'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-Monitoring of processes to ensure the output is of quality&#xA;-Activities to correct discrepancies&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot see how this is fulfilling quality requirements? I would say that only development actually can fulfill the requirement, QC only checks the conformance but on its own cannot fulfill anything. Or is this what it means - that it is concerned with whether the requirements are met?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18713" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T16:42:21.563" Title="Quality control according to ISO 9000" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;iso-9000&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19993" CreationDate="2016-06-08T05:31:39.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is obvious that you won't be able to produce high loads on a scaled down environment, however there are few things you still can check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Memory leaks. If your application has unclosed streams, unflushed data, memory is allocated but don't freed up, etc. it may run out of memory and it is much easier to detect the trend on a smaller system. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bad code. You should still be able to run your application under a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiling_(computer_programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Profiling Tool&lt;/a&gt; telemetry so you could detect the most memory/cpu hungry code bits. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Underlying software configuration issues. You can quite easily test whether i.e. application server and database server are well-configured, as i.e. if application server requests 100 connections and database accepts only 50 the remaining 50 will wait in queue resulting in worse performance while system is idle. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/performance-testing-scaled-down-environment-part-two-five-things-you-can-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Testing in a Scaled Down Environment. Part Two: 5 Things You Can Test&lt;/a&gt; article for few more suggestions on what you can do, however the best option will be to consider testing on PROD in &quot;dead&quot; time like weekends or nights, if your application assumes such &quot;dead&quot; times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T05:31:39.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="19999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19981" CreationDate="2016-06-08T05:41:19.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like &lt;code&gt;jmeter-results-detail-report_21.xsl&lt;/code&gt; file does not exist any more, you either need to copy it from &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.apache.org/dist/jmeter/binaries/apache-jmeter-2.13.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter 2.13 bundle&lt;/a&gt; (lives in &quot;extras&quot; folder) or update your .xsl file(s) to use &lt;code&gt;jmeter-results-detail-report.xsl&lt;/code&gt; instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just in case see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/visualizing-jmeter-jtl-files-viewed-xsl-stylesheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Visualizing JMeter .jtl Files Viewed as An .xsl Stylesheet&lt;/a&gt; article for details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T05:41:19.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20000" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20009" CreationDate="2016-06-08T06:00:41.760" Score="8" ViewCount="26545" Body="&lt;p&gt;From below two scenarios which can be happen and which cannot? Please help me understand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario 1: Throughput is very high and hits per second is very low&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario 2: Hits per second is high and throughput is less&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18696" LastActivityDate="2021-03-18T07:26:35.763" Title="Relation between throughput and hits per second" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20001" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-08T07:11:35.553" Score="8" ViewCount="10968" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know apart form verifying status codes ( 200, 400, 500 ) and json what else we can verify to make sure API's work as intended ?&#xA;PS : I have little Idea about Schema validation as well. &#xA;If anybody can help me with the good resources ( Blog, website ) etc It will be great. And I am looking for both manual and automation testing for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18454" LastActivityDate="2020-08-08T18:43:58.230" Title="How to test the REST API's effectively ( Complete )?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2016-06-08T07:19:14.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Postman&lt;/strong&gt; is a simple and elegant tool for REST API's testing. It can be used for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verifying response codes ( 200, 400, 500 )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verifying json&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing simple tests which gets executed each time you call API&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18454" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T07:19:14.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20004" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-08T07:30:01.260" Score="1" ViewCount="1262" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a swal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;swal({&#xA;            title: 'Success',&#xA;            text: 'Something',&#xA;            type: 'success',&#xA;            closeOnConfirm: true&#xA;          },function(){&#xA;            $(&quot;#somethingModal&quot;).modal(&quot;hide&quot;);&#xA;            $(&quot;html, body&quot;).animate({&#xA;              scrollTop : 0&#xA;            }, 1500);&#xA;          });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML for button of interest is &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button class=confirm&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if I use Selenium's &lt;code&gt;browser.click('.confirm')&lt;/code&gt; the swal does close but the follow-up code i.e. hiding the modal and the animation are not triggered. Is there any way around this? Is there maybe another Action I can use that properly triggers the rest? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18715" LastActivityDate="2018-09-27T12:01:45.110" Title="Sweet alert malfunctions in combination with Selenium's browser.click()" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18758" CreationDate="2016-06-08T07:55:33.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't found a solution, rather an alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used Jenkins and used to BuildFLow plugin to create a Build Flow job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use this job to call 3 other jobs to run parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 3 other jobs are Maven jobs which are each pointing to their own test XML files which contains the tests classes I need to be run parallel. It greatly reduced the time of testing, its easy to implement and I feel as if you have more control of each of the stages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this might help anyone looking for an alternative to this solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18390" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T07:55:33.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20000" CreationDate="2016-06-08T08:02:25.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically, throughput is number of requests per second that your server can handle. Thus as far as the throughput is concerned, the larger the better! Both the scenarios that you've mentioned contradict to the definition of throughput. If through is high that signifies that your server can handle large number of requests per second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario 1 may be because you're applying less load but your server can handle large number of requests per second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario 2 may be because now you're applying huge load, more than what your server can handle properly in a normal condition. Thus, throughput decreases as load is kept on increasing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T08:02:25.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6085" CreationDate="2016-06-08T08:04:23.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use ExtentReport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use it to log your test steps and once its done it will generate a report to show your results. It will also show all fails and help you distinguish between assertion and an actually test fail. This is why we implemented it into our enviornment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how to set up ExtentReports on your project with examples - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ontestautomation.com/creating-html-reports-for-your-selenium-tests-using-extentreports/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ontestautomation.com/creating-html-reports-for-your-selenium-tests-using-extentreports/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above is a Logger method. You must put a log into each test step in your test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An easier but more restritive way of using ExtentReport is as a listener. You can use it to listen in on your tests as they are being executed. You must just specify the listener class in your test XML file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ontestautomation.com/using-the-extentreports-testng-listener-in-selenium-page-object-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ontestautomation.com/using-the-extentreports-testng-listener-in-selenium-page-object-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reports generated by ExtentReport are extremly attractive and informative. There is huge support from the creators of this technology and as its open source they are more than willing to accept ideas for future updates etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You must use it in conjunction with a test runner eg. TestNG or JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of a report generated by ExtentReport - &lt;a href=&quot;http://relevantcodes.com/Tools/ExtentReports2/ExtentJava.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://relevantcodes.com/Tools/ExtentReports2/ExtentJava.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps ! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18390" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T08:04:23.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20000" CreationDate="2016-06-08T08:12:03.533" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Throughput:&lt;/strong&gt; This is the number of requests that are successfully executed/serviced per unit of time. For example, if the throughput is 50/minute, this means that on your server, per minute, 50 requests are executed successfully (accepted, processed and responded properly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hits per second:&lt;/strong&gt; This is the load with which the server is being hit. It means x number of hits are sent to the server every second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both the scenarios you have mentioned may require thinking for a moment that there's something fishy if they both use a different unit of time. Because JMeter sometimes displays throughput in per minute and sometimes in per second, whereas the hits per second is always per second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of throughput; the higher the better. This means that your server is capable of successfully executing that many number of requests per unit of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lower the difference between throughput and hits per second (in same unit of time) the better for your system. If the difference is high that means that your server isn't performing well enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short hits per second is the total load on system and throughput is part of that load going successfully and the difference is the failed requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T03:44:45.670" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T03:44:45.670" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18910" CreationDate="2016-06-08T10:33:09.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used a Build Flow plugin to create a Build Flow job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within the Build Flow job I was able to specify 3 other Maven Jobs to run parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This meant I had 3 Maven jobs that where pointing to 3 different XML files that contained different test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the Build Flow job I was also to set these jobs to run parallel with each other, thus achieving 3 test XMLs to run parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just an answer for anyone looking for something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18390" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T10:33:09.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5599" CreationDate="2016-06-08T10:41:20.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just for anyone who stumbles across this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution I have integrated into my environment is the following, and its quite easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used the Build Flow plugin to create a Build Flow job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created 3 Maven style jobs, each job pointing to a different XML file which contain different test classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Build Flow job I was able to add in the following code to make the 3 Maven jobs run parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;parallel (&#xA;// job 1, 2 and 3 will be scheduled in parallel.&#xA;{ build(&quot;job1&quot;) },&#xA;{ build(&quot;job2&quot;) },&#xA;{ build(&quot;job3&quot;) }&#xA;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What this basically does is when you run the Build Flow job it will then initiate the job1, job2 and job3 to run and run parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One problem I encountered with this was it would only run 2 jobs parallel and for the 3rd to run it would have to wait for one of the others to finish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found out that my Jenkins had only 2 executors specified ( I dunno if this is the started specification in Jenkins).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This basically meant that I could only run 2 jobs at a time as there was only 2 job executors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To solve this go to Manage Jenkins &gt; Configure System &gt; # of executors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can specify the number of executors. I changed mine to 5 so if I wanted I could have up to 5 jobs running parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is it, its quite easy to implement. What I found useful also about this method is that it gives you more control over everything that is going on since its a hierarchical structure. It enables you to have control over each stage of the test process. And also enables you to isolate problems for trouble shooting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18390" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T10:41:20.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20001" CreationDate="2016-06-08T10:42:28.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best reference to design your test cases is API documentation a.k.a API contract. This document describes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to call the APIs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What to expect from them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, you can have these kind of test levels for your APIs (based on the contract):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contract testing e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pack&lt;/a&gt; (includes your idea: schema validation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2016-06-08T14:46:53.870" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T14:46:53.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-08T11:28:59.267" Score="0" ViewCount="7552" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is the response I am getting from my API and each time I use it, it'll generate a fresh token.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Return Response:- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&quot;status&quot;:true,&quot;msg&quot;:&quot;Login successfully&quot;,&quot;result&quot;:{&quot;user_id&quot;:&quot;9999940413020708&quot;,&quot;username&quot;:&quot;Akhileshs&quot;,&quot;email&quot;:&quot;akhileshs@beckett.com&quot;,&quot;last_login&quot;:&quot;2016-05-26 06:57:41&quot;,&quot;first_name&quot;:&quot;Akhilesh&quot;,&quot;last_name&quot;:&quot;Singh&quot;,&quot;gender&quot;:&quot;M&quot;,&quot;dob&quot;:&quot;2016-03-30&quot;,&quot;token&quot;:&quot;40df7635009e551beab7&quot;}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I get the token and user id and put these values into next HTTP request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know any further information is needed from my end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18718" LastEditorUserId="17771" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T09:17:27.360" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T10:51:53.323" Title="API testing with Jmeter: how to get the dynamic token and insert it into next HTTP request" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20014" CreationDate="2016-06-08T11:47:54.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a scenario that exists in most of the cases wherein you need to extract the authentication token post login. You should use the Regular Expression Extractor post-processor to extract the token, id or anything of this sort. Go to the Thread group and right click and then in the post-processor options you'll find the regular expression extractor option. You'll need to write a regex expression to extract the token or id and give a reference name as well that you can use as a variable in your next requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T11:47:54.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19996" CreationDate="2016-06-08T16:12:28.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you have asked about tests approach in general - think about the non functional tests that are needed for your project:&#xA;Desktop / mobile and different mobile compatibility - how will the site will look like in them?&#xA;performance - how quickly the pages will load? and how much will take to submit the form you mentioned and continue?&#xA;User experience - is the page clear and the operations are simple and easy to understand? &#xA;maintenance - how easy is to update the site?&#xA;For more ideas - you can go to the following &lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/posters/TheTestEye_SoftwareQualityCharacteristics.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; and select the ones that apply to you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18725" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T04:37:49.357" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T04:37:49.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18753" CreationDate="2016-06-08T19:32:51.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.sourceforge.net/javadoc/org/junit/runner/RunWith.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RunWith&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.12/org/junit/runners/Parameterized.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Parameterized&lt;/a&gt; annotations to run a test suite that is backed by a spreadsheet, database result set or delimited file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.Assert;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;&#xA;import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;&#xA;import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;&#xA;import org.w3c.dom.Document;&#xA;&#xA;@RunWith(Parameterized.class)&#xA;public class TableTest&#xA;{&#xA;    @Parameters&#xA;    public static Iterable&amp;lt;String[]&amp;gt; parameters() throws IOException&#xA;    {&#xA;        // use some library to parse the CSV into a table or list&#xA;        return new TableParser().parse(TableTest.class.getResourceAsStream(&quot;sheet3.csv&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private String testCaseId;&#xA;    private Document document;&#xA;&#xA;    public InferenceTestProcess(String[] fields)&#xA;    {&#xA;        super();&#xA;        this.testCaseId = record.getField(0);&#xA;        this.document = XmlAssertionGenerator.toXml(fields); // I convert to an XML document, but you could use some custom class or just preserve the original array of strings&#xA;        return;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        // You could use an external class or keep the test logic here.&#xA;        String result = runTestCase(this.testCaseId, this.xml);&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(&quot;SUCCESS&quot;, result);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private static String runTestCase(String testCaseId, Document document)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return &quot;SUCCESS&quot;; // test goes here&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18730" LastEditorUserId="18730" LastEditDate="2016-06-08T21:58:13.590" LastActivityDate="2016-06-08T21:58:13.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20020" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21910" CreationDate="2016-06-08T21:07:43.503" Score="3" ViewCount="25527" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium and C#, which we are using right now. I am also new to using the Page Object model, to make our codes readable. Though I am having troubles using the FindsBy, so my original code was this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static string WarningLabel(IWebDriver driver, string element, string elementtype)&#xA;{&#xA;    return driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&amp;quot;.col-md-12&amp;quot;)).FindElement(By.TagName(&amp;quot;li&amp;quot;)).Text;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, to display the value from that element I did this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void userValidate()&#xA;{  &#xA;   var warn = GetMethods.WarningLabel(driver, &amp;quot;li&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Xpath&amp;quot;);&#xA;   Console.WriteLine(warn);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I tried the xpath using the FindsBy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.Xpath, Using = &amp;quot;//div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/ul/li&amp;quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement warnLabel { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;now I am trying to display it on console, it would give me the value 0. How do I display the correct value using the xpath? That xpath was working when I used it in the WarningLabel method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="16170" LastEditDate="2020-09-27T23:02:39.617" LastActivityDate="2020-09-27T23:02:39.617" Title="How do I extract the inner element in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19996" CreationDate="2016-06-09T00:29:28.213" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any other things I am missing from my list?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned &quot;Click on all &quot;link&quot; elements, making sure they are valid, e.g. there is no 404.&quot; Is that good enough? Shouldn't you check that the links actually go where they are intended to go?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you checking for consistency on all the pages? Should they all have the same look &amp;amp; feel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you looking for missing elements? Is there a way to logout? Does Help exist? Is there a 404 page? Does the site have a favicon?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you planning to perform crossbrowser testing? Performance testing? Load testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about security testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you required to do testing of any content? Or just the &quot;Q&amp;amp;A&quot; section? What about testing for broken images?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any formal Requirements at all that will guide some of your testing? If not, this might help: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T00:29:28.213" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20014" CreationDate="2016-06-09T04:32:25.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's fairly simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSON_Path_PostProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON Path PostProcessor&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the request which returns above JSON&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure JSON Path PostProcessor as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Variable names: anything meaningful, i.e. &lt;code&gt;token&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JSON Path Expressions: &lt;code&gt;$..token&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other fields may be left as they are&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refer extracted value as &lt;code&gt;${token}&lt;/code&gt; where required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YAjlJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YAjlJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;JSON Path PostProcessor Demo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goessner.net/articles/JsonPath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSONPath - XPath for JSON&lt;/a&gt; - JSON Path Language overview and syntax&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-usage-json-path-extractor-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Advanced Usage of the JSON Path Extractor in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; - some JSON Path tips and tricks (conditional select, working with arrays, matching multiple elements by single query)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T04:32:25.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18940" CreationDate="2016-06-09T06:16:13.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the QA team(s) are unwilling to permit consolidation of the tickets then the answer for the problems within your area would be to commit your changes on just one ticket and mark all of the relevant tickets ready for test referencing the commit, &lt;em&gt;most trackers will allow this&lt;/em&gt;, and/or referencing the ticket that you committed your change on as a related ticket with the words - &quot;Resolved as part of action on #&lt;em&gt;nnnn&lt;/em&gt;&quot; where &lt;em&gt;nnnn&lt;/em&gt; is the ticket number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For problems that are outside of your area of responsibility - &lt;em&gt;I personally know that the front end always gets the blame initially&lt;/em&gt; - the best answer would be to raise your own ticket, consolidating the information, provided on the appropriate team, reference all of the existing tickets in the new one and mark the existing ones &quot;Awaiting resolution of ticket #&lt;em&gt;nnnn&lt;/em&gt;&quot; with the number of the new ticket. When you get notification of the new ticket being ready to test/close you will need to mark the referenced tickets similarly, (if your ticket has an API you could probably automate this with a little python).  Some people try to close the ticket based on &lt;em&gt;it will be covered by&lt;/em&gt; but this will cause friction due to the fact that the originator of the ticket will still see the problem until the new ticket, &lt;em&gt;which they may not have sight of&lt;/em&gt;, is closed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar steps involving splitting a ticket out to multiple tickets - &lt;em&gt;while a pain&lt;/em&gt; - would allow the work to be staged and allocated to different teams if necessary - the original ticket can reference all of the new tickets and can be closed when all the &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt;-tickets are closed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While all of these steps involve some work on your part it should become almost automatic on your part - indeed some parts may be able to be automated - but will keep the various QAs in the loop, preserve tracability and should get you a good name with the other teams as they will be getting a single ticket from you rather than a flood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also worth talking to the administrators of the ticketing &amp;amp; VCS systems to see if it is possible to reference multiple tickets within a commit directly, link ticket statuses - e.g. when &lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt; ticket changes state update &lt;strong&gt;these&lt;/strong&gt; tickets to the same state and &lt;strong&gt;this&lt;/strong&gt; ticket can only be marked as closed by the closure of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;strong&gt;these&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T06:16:13.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2016-06-09T06:51:48.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the most informative mechanisms it to use graphical rather than tabular representations, these can be of various formats and indeed including multiple formats are often useful, e.g. a Venn diagram of the possible factors coloured for the number of tests passing can sometimes highlight combinations of factors that you had not though of. Likewise a graph of the number of tests and number of passing tests against a timeline, with a key for the test setup, can be very powerful as it is immediately clear that before a certain date testing of a given area wasn't done/possible.  Some 3-D diagram types can be ideal as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally you should not use a spreadsheet for this as you will be constantly updating it manually. Personally I like the combination of using tools like Jenkins for continuous integration &amp;amp; testing, version control with SVN/Git/Hg for the &lt;strong&gt;tests&lt;/strong&gt; as well as for the code, test scripting, etc. You can use tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;python&lt;/a&gt; and tags in your test scripts and the results output to generate summaries like number of tests against each tag &amp;amp; results of tests against each result and save them to date indexed file(s), some test tools allow you to define meta fields that you can use for this, others allow comments that you can store/parse the tags in if you are using tool(s) that don't allow either there should be a test identifier that you can use index into a tags table &lt;em&gt;if you are using test tools that don't support any of these then I would suggest that you&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;stop&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;using that tool ASAP as it lacks any possibility of traceability&lt;/em&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have your data you can use tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://matplotlib.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;matplotlib&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://bokeh.pydata.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bokeh&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://plot.ly&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;plot.ly&lt;/a&gt; to generate the diagrams automatically for your daily/weekly/etc. reports - if you are using CI you can even have the charts updated on a per commit basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infosys.com/IT-services/independent-validation-testing-services/white-papers/Documents/test-result-reporting.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt; paper also provides some interesting reading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T06:51:48.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19997" CreationDate="2016-06-09T09:09:00.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe QC is more procedural then fulfilment, it's concerned with whether requirements are met more than anything else&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QC, as defined by ISO 9000, is moreorless a set of standards for analyzing quality management systems or ways companies do business. It postulates that understanding, documenting and declaring the minutest function performed allows a company to understand the function in context, and protect that function... So, basically, every action that must be performed in the line of work, is someone's job, it's in his/her job description, and when evaluating that function, it's understood in the full context....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, how businesses keep up with this QC of functions is difficult cuz companies grow and often job responsibilities increase organically, without full declarations, job descriptions, lines of authority and responsibilities, etc. etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, in order for ISO 9000 to fulfill the requirement, the business must initiate self analysis on a constant consistent basis. And that's where QA comes in to play...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this makes sense, I'm no expert by any means...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[This is what I get for dating a QC manager in Victoria (we only went on one date, lol)]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18658" LastEditorUserId="18658" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T14:42:43.033" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T14:42:43.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16428" CreationDate="2016-06-09T11:06:14.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used sikuli to detect whether the browser is out of focus since it can see outside the browser window (usually on mac you can see the name of the application on top bar) and then used robot class to do a command+tab. I think you can also use java script executor to pop up an alert so that browser comes to focus before each test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18738" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T11:06:14.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20028" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20573" CreationDate="2016-06-09T12:21:29.597" Score="1" ViewCount="336" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating an automation test framework for Selenium test using Page Object Model and Pagefactory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The website I am testing can create new pages that a person can write content to which is then displayed on the website. The specific testcase I am trying to achieve is a simple one: &#xA;create a new page - delete the new page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My testcase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void CanDeleteTextPage()&#xA;{&#xA;    Pages.Home.Goto();&#xA;    Pages.Navigation.Login(&quot;user1&quot;, &quot;password1&quot;);&#xA;    Pages.Epsilon.CreateTextPage();&#xA;    Pages.Epsilon.DeletePageWhereAt();&#xA;    Pages.Navigation.Logout();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make this work I use an implicit wait when initializing the test project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webDriver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5000));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, due to the speed of Selenium, a page is deleted before it is created. My current solution is to wait for a known element in the created page before letting the test continue. This works fine, the page is created followed by its deletion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Zooming in on the Pages.Epsilon.CreateTextPage() statement in the TestMethod:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void CreateTextPage()&#xA;{&#xA;    createNewPageElement.Click();&#xA;    SelectElement atomTypeDropDown = new SelectElement(createNewPageSelectTypeElement);&#xA;    atomTypeDropDown.SelectByValue(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    createNewPageOkButtonElement.ClickAndWait();&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(Browser.Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5000)).Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.CssSelector(&quot;h1[data-bind*='text: Headline']&quot;)));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better way to ensure that the page is created first then followed by its deletion? Is it possible to wait in some other way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problems with the solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem concerns the design of the framework. Obviously I don't want to hardcode the locator to the Wait statement, I want to use the Page Object for the textatompage I already have available -&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TextAtomPage&#xA;{&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;h1[data-bind*='text: Headline']&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement headline { get; set; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to call Pages.TextAtomPage.headline in my wait statement, but the ExpectedConditions takes a By locator as parameter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I have to change how the elements are saved from Pagefactory to By locators? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to extract a By locator from a Pagefactory element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17811" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T06:34:25.973" Title="WebDriverWait until ExpectedCondition ElementVisible" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20001" CreationDate="2016-06-09T13:13:38.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;REST API is just an API to a system, so the way the system responds to your request depends often not only on your request but also on the state of your system and time when you call it. So you should control those elements in your tests as well. For instance, whether money transfer request will be successful depends on whether a source account has enough money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the response of your REST API is not the only things that happens after your request. System have also intended side-effects that you may need to check. For instance, when you request money transfer the response might be HTTP 200 (OK) but additional side effect is that on a target account you should expect balance increase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, there are additional things specific for REST and HTTP, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checking how the system behaves when some request headers are missing, e.g., &lt;em&gt;Content-Type&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Authorization&lt;/em&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checking what happens if you provide query parameters for a method that should accept only form parameters in a body&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verifying whether a protected resource is not available over HTTP when it should be only on HTTPS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools: Web browser (for GET requests), &lt;a href=&quot;https://curl.haxx.se/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;curl&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;REST-Assured&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://square.github.io/retrofit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Retrofit&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/postman/fhbjgbiflinjbdggehcddcbncdddomop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOAP UI&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T13:19:34.590" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T13:19:34.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20031" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20049" CreationDate="2016-06-09T14:26:56.727" Score="0" ViewCount="1577" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a certian number of scripts that i run in a batch runner. I want that if a test fails, it should run again once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i want to programatically re run the test incase it fails or enters a recovery scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanking you in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18742" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T14:55:18.673" Title="How to re run the test failed in batch runner programatically?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;uft-12.52&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-09T15:40:22.483" Score="4" ViewCount="1108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a selenium framework using &lt;code&gt;page object&lt;/code&gt; design pattern. To make it better I am also using &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BasePage.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(xpath= FinalLocators.userName)&#xA;WebElement uname;&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(xpath= FinalLocators.userpass)&#xA;WebElement userpwd;&#xA;&#xA;sendkeys.uname(&amp;quot;johndoe&amp;quot;);&#xA;sendkeys.userpwd(&amp;quot;kitty&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FinalLocators.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static final String userName=//input[text()='username']&#xA;public static final String userpass=//input[text()='password']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I want loggers (&lt;code&gt;log4j&lt;/code&gt;) to give me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Element &lt;code&gt;uname&lt;/code&gt; not found. I want the &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; name to be in logs not the &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; declared in &lt;code&gt;FinalLocators&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;In non &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt; projects it is written something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void sendData(String xpathKey){&#xA;    try{            &#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(OR.getProperty(xpathKey))).sendKeys(&amp;quot;abc&amp;quot;);&#xA;    logger.info(&amp;quot;Found &amp;quot;+xpathKey);&#xA;    }catch(Exception e){&#xA;    logger.info(&amp;quot;wait started for &amp;quot;+xpathKey);&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;    &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt; based framework how to write such a generic function?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T11:59:24.253" LastActivityDate="2020-07-14T11:59:24.253" Title="Java + Selenium + log4j: How to write generic function for Logging in pagefactory? Possible?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19997" CreationDate="2016-06-09T16:42:21.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you understand the difference between QC and QA, you know that these terms originated from manufacturing, where QC is a process of &lt;strong&gt;sampling the quality of manufactured items&lt;/strong&gt; and QA is a &lt;strong&gt;set of processes meant to produce fewer defects&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since software is not a manufacturing process in the traditional sense, you  need to consider those terms in a different light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not preoccupy yourself with the meaning of &quot;fulfill&quot;.  It is more important to understand the concept of testing and its relationship to ISO-9000.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Monitoring of processes to ensure the output is of quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Really, anything going on in the company has the potential to impact quality. Some things are more apparent, or more measurable, or have a more direct impact.  For example, if you do &lt;strong&gt;daily smoke tests in QA&lt;/strong&gt;, and most of the smoke tests fail, that tells you that developers need to be more careful about testing before they check things in.  It might also tell you that it is too hard for developers to test.  These things ultimately impact your quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Activities to correct discrepancies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is about incremental improvement: you measure, find a problem, correct it, and then measure again.  In the example above, an activity might be about adding tools that make it easier for developers to test, e.g. a way to generate test data automatically or maybe an easy way to install and run the software in a disposable environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T16:42:21.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16428" CreationDate="2016-06-09T18:20:26.157" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're talking about bringing the browser's window within the OS to the foreground.  Selenium cannot do that.  You need to introduce a library that is able to automate actions on an OS level.  Selenium is restricted by javascript's same origin policy.  Looks like you're using Java, so you could take a look at awt.Robot.  But be aware that any solution you come up with using Robot will likely be finicky...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The driver.switchTo().window(handle) code is not meant to switch the active window on an OS level.  It just changes which browser window selenium sends it's actions to.  Selenium is able to communicate with browser windows that are hidden behind other windows on your screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T18:20:26.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20036" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20037" CreationDate="2016-06-09T18:48:09.480" Score="2" ViewCount="339" Body="&lt;p&gt;So i've ran into a bit of a problem, I have a set of automated tests created for a site, were looking into really moving towards a CI based system for testing (Running the test suite after pushing features/etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in this site and a lot of my automated tests involve creating records in the database (through the site). Which is fine and everything, I mean these are features I WANT to exercise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However....I can't just keep running the tests on the same database, the test data would just keep filling up! I could Delete the records from the database using the Websites ability to delete things, but that's insanely brittle and relies me going to an exact &quot;Delete&quot; button on a list to do that....seems like a poor idea. Plus if that automated test doesn't work, we get extra data...not good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do I get around this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of our sites are rails sites, i've looked into using Factories, but that doesn't really seem like it replicates doing a true integration test. So I could just recreate a database and reseed with test data before every automation suite run, or is this bad practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I get a good system running for test data in this scenario + moving forward?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T02:19:10.657" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:19:10.657" Title="Preparing test data for Automated Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;ruby-on-rails&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20036" CreationDate="2016-06-09T18:55:30.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think about the three steps for every test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;execute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;teardown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally this is done for every test and the database strategy used between tests is truncation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frequently this is deemed not possible and seed data is used which would slow down the tests too much if deleted each time.&#xA;In those cases each test should use the database strategy of rolling back the transactions it create.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For rails look at this section in &lt;code&gt;spec/rails_helper.rb&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The following is an example from our environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;config.prepend_before(:each) do |example|&#xA;  if truncate?(example)&#xA;    DatabaseCleaner[:active_record].strategy = :truncation, {pre_count: true, reset_ids: false}&#xA;  else&#xA;    DatabaseCleaner[:active_record].strategy = :transaction&#xA;  end &#xA;  DatabaseCleaner.start&#xA;end &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-09T19:44:40.170" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T19:44:40.170" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20038" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:07:28.887" Score="1" ViewCount="514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created some test cases in Coded UI on 32-bit machine and now I have got another machine for running these test cases (which is 64 bit machine), when I executed my test cases using that machine, they got failed and error message &#xA;is shown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Result Message:    The unit test adapter failed to connect to the data&#xA;  source or to read the data. For more information on troubleshooting&#xA;  this error, see &quot;Troubleshooting Data-Driven Unit Tests&quot;&#xA;  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=62412&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=62412&lt;/a&gt;) in the MSDN Library.&#xA;  Error details: ERROR [IM014] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] The&#xA;  specified DSN contains an architecture mismatch between the Driver and&#xA;  Application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On further investigating I found a lot of links and came to know that this is because of 32-bit and 64-bit issue, I also found that this can be resolved by specifying 32-bit as Platform Target in the Build tab of the project properties, &lt;strong&gt;but this too doesn't work for me&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know how this issue can be resolved. Office 2013 is installed on both machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Excel files as the data source and connection string looks like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[DataSource(&quot;System.Data.Odbc&quot;, &quot;Dsn=Excel Files;Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};dbq=C:\\Data1.xls;defaultdir=.;driverid=790;maxbuffersize=2048;pagetimeout=5;readonly=true&quot;, &quot;Sheet1$&quot;, DataAccessMethod.Sequential), TestMethod]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the links which I already referred to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11365146/error-the-specified-dsn-contains-anarchitecture-mismatch-between-the-driver-an&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11365146/error-the-specified-dsn-contains-anarchitecture-mismatch-between-the-driver-an&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dacosta9.wordpress.com/2011/10/27/error-im014-microsoftodbc-driver-manager-the-specified-dsn-contains-an-architecture-mismatch-between-the-driver-and-application/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dacosta9.wordpress.com/2011/10/27/error-im014-microsoftodbc-driver-manager-the-specified-dsn-contains-an-architecture-mismatch-between-the-driver-and-application/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/097ff93d-20be-41ed-b318-dc51cca0b811/the-specified-dsn-contains-an-architecture-mismatch-between-the-driver-and-application?forum=wcf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/097ff93d-20be-41ed-b318-dc51cca0b811/the-specified-dsn-contains-an-architecture-mismatch-between-the-driver-and-application?forum=wcf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-06-09T20:20:10.907" Title="Coded UI test cases not running on 64 bit machine" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20039" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:46:30.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rubyonrails.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruby on Rails&lt;/a&gt; is an open source full-stack web application framework created by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Heinemeier_Hansson&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;David Heinemeier Hansson&lt;/a&gt; (DHH) in 2004 using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruby&lt;/a&gt; programming language. It is an optimized framework aimed at programmer happiness and sustainable productivity by making use of CoC (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_over_configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Convention over Configuration&lt;/a&gt;), DRY (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don&amp;#39;t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Don't Repeat Yourself&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_record_pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Active Record Pattern&lt;/a&gt; and REST (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Representational State Transfer&lt;/a&gt;) philosophies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is based on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model%E2%80%93view%E2%80%93controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;MVC Architectural Design Pattern&lt;/a&gt;, which separates web applications into three different modules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Model&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Controller&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This helps isolate business logic from presentation and makes code maintenance significantly easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T12:02:34.400" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T12:02:34.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20040" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:46:30.963" Score="0" Body="Ruby on Rails is an open source full-stack web application framework written in Ruby. It follows the popular MVC framework model and is known for its &quot;convention over configuration&quot; approach to application development." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T12:02:29.383" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T12:02:29.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20041" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:48:45.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Safari&lt;/a&gt; is a web browser developed by Apple based on the WebKit engine. First released in 2003 with Mac OS X Panther, a mobile version has been included in iOS devices since the introduction of the iPhone in 2007. It is the default browser on Apple devices. A Windows version, now discontinued, was available from 2007 to 2012.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has ten major release since its introduction as of 2016.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T02:44:22.907" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T02:44:22.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20042" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:48:45.527" Score="0" Body="Safari is a web browser developed by Apple based on the WebKit engine. First released in 2003 with Mac OS X Panther, a mobile version has been included in iOS devices since the introduction of the iPhone in 2007. It is the default browser on Apple devices. A Windows version, now discontinued, was available from 2007 to 2012." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T02:44:09.600" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T02:44:09.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20043" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:50:27.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A PhantomJS driver for Capybara&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T05:26:57.300" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T05:26:57.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20044" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:50:27.133" Score="0" Body="Javascript framework used with Ruby" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T05:27:18.990" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T05:27:18.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20045" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:52:02.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Boolean means two states, for example 0 and 1, True and False, Yes and No, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T05:27:00.707" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T05:27:00.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20046" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-09T20:52:02.607" Score="0" Body="In most computer programming languages, a Boolean data type is a data type with only two possible values: true or false." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T11:04:12.043" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T11:04:12.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20047" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20329" CreationDate="2016-06-10T04:03:56.260" Score="0" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using SeeTest + Selenium Webdriver + JAVA for Automating a Android application &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one contact page there are 15 fields .  After filling 5th field the keyboard is overlapping the 6th fields so i need to scroll down for adding 6th fields and so on &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But i am not able to scroll the page in automation so please help me regarding this SCROLL issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T17:07:49.150" Title="Scroll Issue in Android Automation using SeeTest + Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20001" CreationDate="2016-06-10T04:31:40.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance Testing (or at least some concurrency testing to ensure that if 2 users call the same endpoint exactly at the same time it will still work as expected).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tools which could be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/Load-Testing/concept.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="41012" LastEditDate="2020-08-08T18:43:58.230" LastActivityDate="2020-08-08T18:43:58.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20031" CreationDate="2016-06-10T07:07:30.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Rerun failed test from launching vbscript&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check test run status in VBScript and start the script from command line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cscript.exe run-test.vbs [some params]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;run-test.vbs would contain something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim qtApp&#xA;Dim qtTest&#xA;Set qtApp = CreateObject(&quot;QuickTest.Application&quot;)&#xA;qtApp.Launch&#xA;qtApp.Visible = True&#xA;qtApp.Open testPath, False&#xA;Set qtTest = qtApp.Test&#xA;Set qtResultsOpt = CreateObject(&quot;QuickTest.RunResultsOptions&quot;)&#xA;qtTest.Run qtResultsOpt, True&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a the line of code you need to check after Run command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...Not (qtTest.LastRunResults.Status = &quot;Passed&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And rerun test in loop with two conditions &lt;code&gt;test passed&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;number of runs is over&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a link to &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gerasimenko-ivan/_qtp/blob/master/resources/VBscripts/runtest.vbs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;full run-test.vbs on git&lt;/a&gt; (sure you need to add your rerun part)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Rerun from Recovery scenario&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And another possibility to restart test on fail with Recovery Scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4Q5UQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4Q5UQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;restart test on fail in recovery scenario&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But test will run in a loop untill it passes or forever if it always fails. After rerun all variables in test would be lost so you need to save runCount in an external file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The sequence of steps in this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On test start read external file and save value in global variable &lt;code&gt;runCount&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the variable runCount is less then maxRunCount. If more - reset runCount to 0 in external file and exit test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then goes execution of test body.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here comes an error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recovery scenario is configured to call Recovery Function:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZBiLY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZBiLY.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Recovery Function runCount is incremented and saved to external file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If test executes successfully reset runCount in external file to &lt;code&gt;0&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think it's better to control run count from external VBScript test executor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:31:10.803" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:31:10.803" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9646" CreationDate="2016-06-10T07:16:26.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are 3 ways from which you can select the value from the drop-down:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1) SelectByIndex&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-operator&quot;)));&#xA;select.selectByValue(index of the record you want to select );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2) SelectByValue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-operator&quot;)));&#xA;select.selectByValue(value of the record you want to select );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3) SelectByVisibleText&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-operator&quot;)));&#xA;select.selectByValue(visible text of the record you want to select );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18751" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-21T10:05:11.310" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T10:05:11.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12029" CreationDate="2016-06-10T07:36:08.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) &lt;strong&gt;SelectByIndex&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-operator&quot;)));    select.selectByValue(index of the record you want to select );&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &lt;strong&gt;SelectByValue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-operator&quot;)));&#xA;select.selectByValue(value of the record you want to select );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &lt;strong&gt;SelectByVisibleText&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;mobile-operator&quot;))); /n&#xA;select.selectByValue(visible text of the record you want to select );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18751" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T11:19:33.453" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T11:19:33.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14320" CreationDate="2016-06-10T08:58:28.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This error is generally observed when JDBC driver is missing.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;No suitable driver found for jdbc:oracle:thin:@coredb-useast1c01-02.qa.ultradns.net:2115:CUE1C2Q&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Can you try placing driver jar in JMeter lib folder&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18752" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T08:58:28.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20053" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:02:42.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Runs on all major operating systems, supports a huge number of developer platforms, is open source and commercially supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:52:23.613" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:52:23.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20054" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:02:42.693" Score="0" Body="Robust messaging for applications" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:52:17.647" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:52:17.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20055" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:03:32.933" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:03:32.933" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:03:32.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20056" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:03:32.933" Score="0" Body="A proxy is a device or program that stands between two or more interconnected programs or devices. " OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:52:04.787" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:52:04.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20057" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:05:16.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A protocol or interface is a common means for (un)related objects to communicate with each other. These are definitions of methods and values which the objects agree upon in order to cooperate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The protocol is a description of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The messages that are understood by the object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The arguments that these messages may be supplied with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The types of results that these messages return.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The invariants that are preserved despite modifications to the state of an object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The exceptional situations that will be required to be handled by clients to the object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the objects are fully encapsulated then the protocol will describe the only way in which objects may be accessed by other objects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:52:29.943" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:52:29.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20058" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:05:16.800" Score="0" Body="Common means for objects to communicate with each other." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:52:14.287" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:52:14.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20059" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:08:25.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Compliance: Comprehensive, Cost-effective and Risk-based. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) requires that all publicly held companies must establish internal controls and procedures for financial reporting to reduce the possibility of corporate fraud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:52:08.660" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:52:08.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20060" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:08:25.677" Score="0" Body="Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:51:56.100" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:51:56.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20061" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:09:53.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The ability for web sites to use different languages and to have the ability for the end-user to switch between languages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:51:59.723" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:51:59.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20062" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:09:53.123" Score="0" Body="Making web sites work in different languages" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:52:33.880" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:52:33.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20063" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:13:57.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A complete operating system being run virtually within another computers environment.  For example running virtual windows machines from Unix or OSX.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:51:52.037" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:51:52.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20064" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-10T11:13:57.803" Score="0" Body="The ability to run a machine within another machine" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-10T11:52:26.927" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T11:52:26.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-10T14:19:08.170" Score="3" ViewCount="624" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to ask for help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have: Vagrant, desktop application which I need to install, folder which is shared in corporate network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I need to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Vagrant (for now I do it manually) - completed;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Windows 8.1 and Windows 10 boxes (for now I do it manually) - completed;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the newest build of application (.exe file) from folder which is shared in corporate network (there are several files in that folder), put it in Vagrant machine (Win 8 for example) and silently install on in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All steps should be automated as much as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I can't combine Vagrant and copy/install application to Vagrant machine. I dig in PowerShell - but no luck...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can help. Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18758" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T11:38:19.923" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T19:41:00.117" Title="Possibility to automate installation of desktop application in Vagrant" Tags="&lt;powershell&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-14T05:59:32.633" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-10T14:52:01.693" Score="1" ViewCount="2091" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using test framework protractor to test an angularjs app. I've been doing this for sometime now and one of the question that I've not been able to answer is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose I want to modify a the value a data on my page. Clicking on the eleme brings up a form for the modification and clicking on save registers the new value in the database. So is there a difference between option 1 and option 2 below ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;option 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element(by.id(&quot;id1&quot;))&#xA;.click()&#xA;.then(function() {&#xA;    element(by.id(&quot;input&quot;))&#xA;        .clear()&#xA;        .sendKeys(&quot;new value&quot;);&#xA;    element(by.id(&quot;saveButton&quot;))&#xA;        .click()&#xA;        .then(function() {&#xA;            expect(element(by.id(&quot;id1&quot;)).getText()).toEqual(&quot;new value&quot;);&#xA;        });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;option 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element(by.id(&quot;id1&quot;))&#xA;    .click();&#xA;element(by.id(&quot;input&quot;))&#xA;    .clear()&#xA;    .sendKeys(&quot;new value&quot;);&#xA;element(by.id(&quot;saveButton&quot;))&#xA;    .click();&#xA;expect(element(by.id(&quot;id1&quot;)).getText()).toEqual(&quot;new value&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18760" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-03T18:13:17.383" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T15:20:18.010" Title="Nesting callbacks with protractor" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20031" CreationDate="2016-06-10T14:55:18.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use ALM you can define in the Execution Setting of the test what to do if the test fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BL6of.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BL6of.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In there &quot;On failure&quot; field you can choose &quot;Do Nothing&quot; or &quot;Rerun the test&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you choose &quot;Rerun the test&quot; the other two field are enabled.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In those fields you can define how many times the test should be rerun and a script to run to cleanup the environment between the reruns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T14:55:18.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20065" CreationDate="2016-06-10T15:46:46.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would do steps 1 and 2 and then try to save the state of the machine (for reuse).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example use vagrant snapshots - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/cli/snapshot.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/cli/snapshot.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the only task is to copy in the latest code and run the install for it.&#xA;Those steps can usually be automated too with a script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T15:46:46.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20065" CreationDate="2016-06-10T15:55:37.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For getting the installed to the vagrant box, is the vagrant box able to access the internal file share? An option might be to scp the file from your script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have the file on the Vagrant box, to install it silently you could just call the executable from a script. For example, if you are scripting in python you could do something like os.system(&quot;installer.exe&quot;) and that would run the exe. Some installers support silent installation with a &quot;-s&quot; option, so using the example above, just update to os.system(&quot;installer.exe -s&quot;). Keep in mind your installer might not support silent installation mode, or might use a different flag to accomplish silent installation. Consult your dev team to see how you can silently install.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14677" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T15:55:37.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20073" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-10T18:01:13.463" Score="1" ViewCount="2536" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is My String in non &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt; framework, declared at the class level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private final String fruits= &quot;//a/h4[text()='%s']&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is used in same class in some method like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void clickFruitHeading(String string) {&#xA;        driver.click(By.xpath(String.format(fruits, string)));&#xA;        driver.click(By.xpath(String.format(fruits, &quot;Apple&quot;)));&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when using &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt; it is written like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(xpath = &quot;//a/h4[text()='%s']&quot;)&#xA;private static WebElement fruits;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to use &lt;code&gt;String.format&lt;/code&gt; here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="28469" LastEditDate="2018-06-22T19:52:41.467" LastActivityDate="2018-07-23T00:45:57.010" Title="java: String.format with PageFactory" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20073" CreationDate="2016-06-10T20:30:10.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The PageFactory code isn't working because fruits isn't a WebElement to be found on the page as is, which is what that scheme is used for.  Instead, it is a string substitution template and should be kept as just a &quot;private final String&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18768" LastActivityDate="2016-06-10T20:30:10.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6104" CreationDate="2016-06-11T00:12:57.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parallels is another great option.  Paid ($100) but well worth it to me.  If you value your time at all it quickly pays off.  Compared to buying the machines and/or the windows licenses it is cheap so it depends what exactly your resources are.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.parallels.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.parallels.com/&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UH0aI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UH0aI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a former virtual Box user and for virtual machines on your machine I find Parallels much easier and faster to use.  Better at saving state, loading new machines and with less annoyances.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also it does so many nice things like syncing desktops (if you screen-print to desktop when capturing errors this is very handy!) and setting up your local machine network printers to be available in the virtual machine. Copy and Paste synced, etc.  Very handy.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One tip - use snapshots to save the machine once set up initially (after initial tools install).  When the trials expire you can rollback a few times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-11T00:26:53.937" LastActivityDate="2016-06-11T00:26:53.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18623" CreationDate="2016-06-11T23:00:12.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A common reason for finding something in the seleniumIDE but not programmatically using webDriver is when there are multiple instances.  The IDE selects the first automatically but programmaticaly  you need to use &lt;code&gt;[0]&lt;/code&gt; at the end of the element, e.g. &lt;code&gt;div[0]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-11T23:00:12.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20077" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-12T12:30:39.610" Score="0" ViewCount="341" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone found a good way to on-premise test SSL/TLS certs for many (100's) of sites on a regular basis?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usecase is websites setup both internally, and with VPN tunnels to many customers, as such no internet-facing presence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things to check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does the cert match the dns/url name &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are all the intermediate certs accounted for &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is it expired &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is it signed by a trusted thirdparty site (commonly recognized by browsers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bonus for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are there weak ciphers allowed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18775" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:26:35.167" Title="on-premise SSL/TLS Cert testing tool (100's of sites)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-12T16:15:00.763" Score="2" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Requirement&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Perform Testing of Apps on Mobile devices (Platforms: iOS, Android, Windows), IETVs, Set Top Boxes connected via Home Wi-Fi networks (multi vendor cable modem hardwares).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem description&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are hundreds of WiFi APPs and devices causing unwanted interference and throughput issues and invalidating testing of the Apps functionalities (primarily around streaming).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What we have tried but not worked&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The team has turned the WiFi signals off of unused modems/routers. There are just too many which are still On. &#xA;They have also tried to allocate WiFi channels for dedicated test devices and networks but still it did not solve the problem. &#xA;Hiding SSIDs is not an option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What the company is suggesting&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;To find a friendly customer ( trialist ) and use his home for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I am suggesting as I think the company’s suggestion is just not realistic as the products quality and my teams’  test coverage cannot rely on such an option&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on a Business Case for having a dedicated lab environment and I am quite hopeful it will get through and get the funding approved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone build any such Test Lab and has any experience to share?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T11:40:08.640" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T21:03:40.687" Title="What solutions/tools are available to build a WiFi Test lab and allows to remotely control devices (that have the apps under test) connected via WiFi" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2016-06-13T06:16:05.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to start with selenium ,I would mention some points what i followed during my initial learning of Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First of all start learning any of the programming language concepts (i learned Java).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Selenium IDE start finding the elements of web pages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then try to make small scenarios for a particular functionality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then try coding with Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As you feel comfortable with small scenarios , try to code some complex scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best Luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18782" LastEditorUserId="18782" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T12:21:26.467" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T12:21:26.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20081" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-13T07:13:46.490" Score="0" ViewCount="15350" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I  verify this type of error message that uses placeholder text, put there by javascript?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mhSuw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mhSuw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18781" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T18:43:03.293" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T23:35:08.960" Title="How to verify placeholder text using selenium webdriver and javascript?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1276" CreationDate="2016-06-13T07:40:59.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can automate it using BrowserMob Proxy.&#xA;[Please use the below mentioedn link to test Network traffic using BrowserMob Proxy &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://keshavtechinfo.wordpress.com/web-automation/selenium/web-page-load-testing-using-selenium-and-browsermob-proxy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://keshavtechinfo.wordpress.com/web-automation/selenium/web-page-load-testing-using-selenium-and-browsermob-proxy/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;]&lt;a href=&quot;https://keshavtechinfo.wordpress.com/web-automation/selenium/web-page-load-testing-using-selenium-and-browsermob-proxy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18785" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T07:40:59.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5090" CreationDate="2016-06-13T07:48:06.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can automate it using BrowserMob Proxy.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://keshavtechinfo.wordpress.com/web-automation/selenium/web-page-load-testing-using-selenium-and-browsermob-proxy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Please use the below mentioned link to test Network traffic using BrowserMob Proxy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BrowserMob Proxy is a useful tool which is closely integrated with&#xA;Selenium and can work independently. It is used to capture performance&#xA;data for web applications. It is used to manage browser behaviors and&#xA;traffic in HAR (HTTP Archive format) such as blacklist and&#xA;white-listing of the content, simulating network traffic and latency,&#xA;and rewriting HTTP requests and responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18785" LastEditorUserId="2031" LastEditDate="2020-11-20T04:45:08.583" LastActivityDate="2020-11-20T04:45:08.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20084" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-13T09:32:07.467" Score="-1" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently writing tests for my Laravel 5.1 application and testing the workflow: input data from view to route to controller and back to view, typically checking for a DB record and a success/error message using Laravel's PHPUnit interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to categorise my testing types by directory (unit, integration, regression) what test type does the above fall under?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18788" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T00:20:47.850" Title="Name for testing routes, controller and views" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;&lt;testing-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="53" CreationDate="2016-06-13T11:08:10.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use following tool with my team: SBTM template for google spreadsheet from Altom (altom.ro)- &lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/templates?q=SBTM+Session+Template&amp;amp;sort=hottest&amp;amp;view=public&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://drive.google.com/templates?q=SBTM+Session+Template&amp;amp;sort=hottest&amp;amp;view=public&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is spreadsheet running on google spreadsheets platform boosted with google apps script.&#xA;For me it's adding lot of value as it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is easy to use and has lot of functionality from google spreadsheets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follows SBTM framework and was commented by James Bach when I've spoken to him as interesting tool (although I've never personally heard him recommending it).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't have steep learning curve - it's extremely easy to explain even to novice testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has another reporting spreadsheet where you can keep the metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can share it and access anytime.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The minus can be that although it is sufficient for the testing work someone might not like that is still only google spreadsheet.&#xA;It also doesn't have any screen capture functionality however it was a plus to me as I didn't like when you need to review the capture and erase not needed parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18790" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T11:08:10.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6088" CreationDate="2016-06-13T11:37:51.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A scenario is a particular instance or set of steps for one path through the use case. A use case is a goal oriented&#xA;process done by the system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18792" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T11:37:51.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18400" CreationDate="2016-06-13T11:38:00.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an option multi line mode which you can use to extract string from multiline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reference :-&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extract :-&lt;/strong&gt; The single-line (?s) and multi-line (?m) modifiers are normally placed at the start of the regex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example:-&lt;/strong&gt; Try single line mode for jmeter Extract &quot;String&quot; here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Regular expression would be : (?s)Try single line mode for&#xA;  jmeter.&lt;em&gt;?Extract &quot;(.&lt;/em&gt;?)&quot; here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Output&lt;/strong&gt;:- String&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you have any question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18752" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T11:38:00.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20090" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-13T11:57:28.520" Score="0" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to compare layout of 2 files(pdf). So i used Bit Map checkpoint. When i run using the normal run mode i am getting error message as &lt;strong&gt;Expected and actual bitmaps are of different sizes.&lt;/strong&gt; Then I tried to run via as Update mode and it was working good. Then again i tried to execute via normal run i am again getting same error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the workaround for this, since I also tried with checkpoint run settings too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11939" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T12:24:03.050" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T11:51:24.030" Title="BitMap Checkpoint-Workaround Please" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19987" CreationDate="2016-06-13T12:27:08.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can make use of &lt;code&gt;window.sessionStorage&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can ask development to define an pre-defined object, for example &lt;code&gt;reloadflag=&quot;true&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will check the value for true with &lt;code&gt;window.sessionStorage.getItem(&quot;reloadflag&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After each check you have to set the value to false with &lt;code&gt;window.sessionStorage.setItem(&quot;reloadflag&quot;, &quot;false&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you do not have possibility to make change in development, you can try to hack it, dig in session storage for element, which is always present and &quot;not absolutely necessary&quot; and after reload check you will simply remove that item by &lt;code&gt;window.sessionStorage.removeItem(&quot;itemname&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;. Beware, do not remove cornerstones of the page. By removing or changing an element you can change behaviour of the application. If there is nothing in session storage, you cannot do it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T12:27:08.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-13T12:27:16.270" Score="1" ViewCount="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I perform a load testing by any tool, if some of functionalities of any desktop application are getting computed on AWS server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18796" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T15:31:05.293" Title="How to do load testing of Desktop application if some of its functionalities are getting computed on AWS server" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19987" CreationDate="2016-06-13T12:45:07.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An element you interacting become stale when it is destroyed and recreated. Hence when page refreshes, every element in that page become stale. So we can check if the page is refreshed by waiting for an element in that page to become stale. The following Java code illustrate how it is achieved using Selenium webdriver. If the page is not refreshed in 30 seconds, then TimeoutException will be thrown&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;try{&#xA;       wait.until(ExpectedConditions.stalenessOfElement(element));&#xA;}catch(TimeoutException e){&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;Page is not refreshed in 30 seconds&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T11:05:29.333" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T11:05:29.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20093" CreationDate="2016-06-13T14:44:45.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Load-testing is typically something you do with a server, not with a desktop application.  You would write something that simulates the part of the desktop application that talks to the AWS server.  If the AWS server is shared by multiple instances of the desktop application, you probably would need to simulate multiple instances of the desktop application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be scale-related aspects of the desktop application that you want to test too, e.g. how big of a data set it can process.  You may want to do that too, but you should not expect to find a &quot;load-testing&quot; tool that will help you with that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T14:44:45.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19985" CreationDate="2016-06-13T15:59:46.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand your question correctly you try to run the java file and not the compiled code. Try exporting your project as an executable .jar via eclipse and run this via &quot;java -jar FileName.jar&quot;. Regarding the second part of your question though, I´ve got no idea what you were trying to say. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T15:59:46.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20098" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-13T16:18:37.880" Score="2" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Mocha and Chai.js to test a function which executes &lt;code&gt;git pull&lt;/code&gt; in a Terminal and I want to assert that it results in &lt;code&gt;Already up-to-date.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I accomplish this? What is the best approach to take?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    var assert = require('chai').assert;&#xA;    var cmd = require('node-cmd');&#xA;    &#xA;    describe('DEAN-Management', function () {&#xA;        describe('Update source', function () {&#xA;            it('check for updates', function () {&#xA;                cmd.run('git pull');&#xA;                assert.??;&#xA;            });&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14889" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-09-04T11:12:27.297" LastActivityDate="2020-09-04T11:12:27.297" Title="Using Chai, how can I assert the result of &quot;git pull&quot;" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;mocha&gt;&lt;chai&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20099" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20129" CreationDate="2016-06-13T20:23:49.127" Score="0" ViewCount="1041" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying to retrieve the componentId as a variable from the response below using the CSS/JQuery Extractor in JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm successfully getting the componentId returned using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Expression: div#tab2-WidgetList span[componentType=&amp;quot;portlet.application.widgets.monitorproxy&amp;quot;]  &#xA;Attribute: componentId&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could specify Match No. = 1 to return the first and Match No. = 2 to return the second, but I want to avoid hard coding it in case the order changes in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to return the value based off of the span elements of Test1 and Test2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-html prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;li class=&amp;quot;tab&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;table id=&amp;quot;tab2&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;tabTable tabTableSelected&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;0&amp;quot; onmousedown=&amp;quot;tab.Console.openView('tab2', 'NONE', 'NONE', true, false, '');&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td class=&amp;quot;tabLeft&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td class=&amp;quot;tabCenter&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;tabIconSpan&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img class=&amp;quot;primaryTabIcon&amp;quot; src=&amp;quot;/test/css/icons_24/Window View Large Icons.png&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;tab2Label&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;tabLabel&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Dashboard&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td class=&amp;quot;tabRight&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div id=&amp;quot;tab2-WidgetList&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;tabMenu&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;span componentId=&amp;quot;1234&amp;quot; componentType=&amp;quot;portlet.application.widgets.monitorproxy&amp;quot; iconSource=&amp;quot;/tabTest/css/icons_16/User1.png&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Test1&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;span componentId=&amp;quot;9876&amp;quot; componentType=&amp;quot;portlet.application.widgets.monitorproxy&amp;quot; iconSource=&amp;quot;/tabTest/css/icons_16/User2.png&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Test2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter is still pretty new to me, so I've been having some trouble getting this one down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-09-04T11:13:06.543" LastActivityDate="2020-09-04T11:13:06.543" Title="How to retrieve value based on Span value in JMeter with JQuery Extractor" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20100" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-13T21:18:15.193" Score="3" ViewCount="1137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium via Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running into a stale element exception and I can't seem to identify the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am interacting with a carousel (see image below). I have placed all the vehicles, in the carousel, into a list and I am trying to get the text back from each web element in the list. The list contains eight elements. When my code interacts with the last page of the carousel (in this case the sixth element in the list) a stale element exception gets thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code where I placed all the vehicles in the carousel in a list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; vehiclesInCarousel = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;div[data-qaid='cntnr-frntlnlstng-carousel'] ul[class='slider-list'] li[class='slider-slide']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Hee81.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Hee81.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-13T22:40:54.603" LastActivityDate="2018-05-19T16:10:33.507" Title="Getting a stale element exception (Selenium - Java)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20098" CreationDate="2016-06-13T22:45:49.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to capture the output from &lt;code&gt;cmd.run(git pull');&lt;/code&gt;, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;out = cmd.run('git pull');&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then &lt;code&gt;assert out.match('Already up-to-date.')&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know the exact syntax so adjust as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-13T22:45:49.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1986" CreationDate="2016-06-14T00:30:44.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Use an inbound mail API service&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;a href=&quot;https://postmarkapp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PostmarkApp&lt;/a&gt; have a clean inbound API and a generous free tier with usage based pricing (as of June 2016). I use them explicitly for testing transactional emails on my app. Trigger the action, then verify that the email has been received by postmark. The emails are sent via a different providers, but you could also send them with Postmark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18804" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T00:30:44.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5090" CreationDate="2016-06-14T05:12:04.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using BrowserMob Proxy, we capture performance data How to use BrowserMob Proxy? Download BrowserMob Proxy 2.Start BrowserMob Proxy Create a new Project and import BrowserMob Proxy with Selenium Standalone Server Jar Run the script. After running the script, you will see the proxy server is started, and respective logs are generated. As the script stops, an HTTP achieve file is also generated with Performance Log of the desired web application. Now you can import that HAR file and see the results at pcapperf.appspot.com. It will show the fetched performance data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18785" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T05:12:04.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19987" CreationDate="2016-06-14T05:15:43.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope this might help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void waitForPageLoad(WebDriver driver){&#xA;ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt; expectation = new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() &#xA;{&#xA;    public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).equals(&quot;complete&quot;);          }&#xA;};&#xA;Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;    wait.until(expectation);&#xA;}&#xA;catch(Throwable error)&#xA;{&#xA;    assertFalse(&quot;Timeout waiting for Page Load&quot;,true);&#xA;}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to that you can also check whether js actions are performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;return ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;return jQuery.active == 0&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T05:15:43.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-14T07:03:02.603" Score="3" ViewCount="2769" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on automation project along with another guy. He prepares a test case for the automation and I implement it. Here is my question, generally we use to write test cases for positive scenarios only. In Automation testing we try only positive test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a web application signup process, how many test cases can we write?&#xA;As per our current scenario we are writing only one positive case(i.e.. successful signup). As per the industry standards, do we need to write a test cases for, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Validating the required fields &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Validating the email validations &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;validating the phone number&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:22:37.137" LastActivityDate="2018-12-06T19:57:17.650" Title="In automation testing do we need to write only positive test cases?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20106" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20120" CreationDate="2016-06-14T08:15:58.700" Score="0" ViewCount="10283" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have application which uses grid to display the details. using selenium web driver how can I access the data present in the grid.Following is the html code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;contenttable_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; height=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1225.3px; margin-left: 0px; top: 0px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;contenttable_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; height=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 1225.3px; margin-left: 0px; top: 0px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row0_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 28px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row1_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 28px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row2_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 28px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row3_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 28px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row4_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 25px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row5_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 25px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row6_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 25px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row7_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 25px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row8_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 25px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;row9_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot; style=&quot;position: relative; height: 25px;&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver(); &#xA;driver.get(Configuration.HelpGuideHomePage.baseURL);&#xA;AppFunctions.authorizedUserLogin(driver, TestData.sEmailAddress, TestData.sPassword); &#xA;Thread.sleep(3000); &#xA;AppFunctions.clickTeam(driver); &#xA;Thread.sleep(3000); //click on check boxes WebElement  &#xA;element=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='jqx-checkbox-default jqx-fill-state-normal jqx-rc-all']&quot;)); &#xA;element.click(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18810" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-06-14T11:45:57.530" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T16:51:12.930" Title="How to access the grid data using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2016-07-18T18:50:26.777" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20105" CreationDate="2016-06-14T08:54:57.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can write test cases for both positive and negative scenarios.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;phone number starts with a 0&#xA;phone number does Not contain &quot;+&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What most people tend to do is to devise their negative tests to be a positive scenario. This way, each test that passes is in a True state.  This makes it far easier to interpret the results of your runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more you write, the more coverage you have.  At some point, there will be a diminishing return where adding more doesn't add benefit for the work involved.  This call is something that comes with experience as a tester and dialogue with other members of the team.  Credit card payment has more risk, therefore more tests than a phone number field for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T08:54:57.113" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26070" CreationDate="2016-06-14T09:56:21.900" Score="3" ViewCount="16506" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exception is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`WebDriverException: Message: Element is not clickable at point (548.xxxxxxxxx, 2xx.5). Other element would receive the click: &amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;regs2&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;vtASRSettings_incompletetimeoutDiv&amp;quot; onclick=&amp;quot;Bs_Objects[5].textboxEdit(true);&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following HTML code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-HTML prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a title=&amp;quot;Audio&amp;quot; href=&amp;quot;javascript:document.forms[0].action='/PageEditor?ADC_TOKEN=F5TW-I6G7-8Q0Z-WR8A-45QE-ICUX-LCRM-FZJM&amp;amp;command=addSoundFileError&amp;amp;errorType=noSpeech';document.forms[0].submit();&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Audio&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My script code is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-robot prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Wait Until Element Is Visible         xpath=(//a[contains(text(),'Audio')])&#xA;        Click Link          xpath=(//a[contains(text(),'Audio')])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still faces the same error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-09-04T10:41:53.477" LastActivityDate="2020-10-16T08:01:49.680" Title="Element is not clickable at this point. Other element would receive the click" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20110" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-14T11:32:53.820" Score="0" ViewCount="1382" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to automate a testcase, where in there are around 30 links in a page. All these links will lead to a new page. And depending upon on a value in the new page, I need to either proceed or need to come back to the original page and re-select the link. This needs to be done until I find a particular value in the new page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I got a List of the links, then I started iterating, but as soon as I navigate back, either using &lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().back()&lt;/code&gt; or another option and then try to find &amp;amp; click the next link, it hits &lt;code&gt;StaleElementException&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea how I can handle this situation? Any help, code or approach wise would be highly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15138" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:21:40.793" LastActivityDate="2018-08-17T07:25:04.250" Title="StaleElementException - After using navigate().back()" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20108" CreationDate="2016-06-14T11:48:29.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using css instead of xpath and use an exact match instead of contains and look at an element or attribute rather than text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try using &lt;code&gt;css=(a[title='Audio'])&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If necessary isolate by &lt;code&gt;table&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;td&lt;/code&gt;, for example &lt;code&gt;css=(table#some_id a[title='Audio'])&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T11:48:29.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20105" CreationDate="2016-06-14T11:53:54.143" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing the application positively you have only one scenario that is successful.But testing the application negatively you have number of scenarios depending on the validations on particular fields followed in your organization. &#xA;we cant say how many test scenarios for negative testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18810" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T11:53:54.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20108" CreationDate="2016-06-14T12:04:45.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using xpath or css doesn't matter in this case.&#xA;First of all find the element which would receive the click (&lt;code&gt;@id='vtASRSettings_incompletetimeoutDiv'&lt;/code&gt;). If this element disappear afer some time just wait until element disappear. &#xA; Sometimes it is necessary to move or scroll, but we can't say without seeing the problem. Would be great if you provide some screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T12:04:45.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20105" CreationDate="2016-06-14T12:45:26.120" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutely you need negative cases!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In fact developers will likely have focused on the positive cases so the negative cases not present can add the most value!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend the following breakdown:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Happy, positive tests.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;These test what happens when the user does everything right.  They also used defaults as much as possible for input values&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sad, negative tests.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;These are when the user messes up, usually through entering incorrect data or clicking on the wrong link or selecting the wrong option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option tests.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A creation of my own here.  These tests exercise &lt;em&gt;optional&lt;/em&gt; components that are not required in either happy or sad.  For example adding multiple family members to an account.  Option tests should also have both happy and sad paths!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:23:21.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:23:21.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20105" CreationDate="2016-06-14T13:15:12.107" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how many test cases can we write? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Every time&lt;/em&gt; you ask that question, the answer will be &quot;it depends&quot;.  There is no industry standard or best practice that says, &quot;You need 9 test cases&quot; or &quot;You need 1.4 times as many negative tests as positive tests.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your business contract includes conditions around test cases, you should probably honor your contract.  Otherwise, you need to figure it out for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some guidelines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write the positive test cases first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a negative test case is hard to automate, it may not be worth automating.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a negative test case is hard to automate, and the test case is important, there may be a way to &lt;em&gt;change the product&lt;/em&gt; that makes testing easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some negative test cases are more important than others.  Every negative test case has an associated risk and likelihood.  If the risk is low and the scenario is unlikely, it may not be important to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T13:15:12.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20110" CreationDate="2016-06-14T13:48:35.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you return back to the page, page reloads and all elements become stale. For you it may look like same element (with same locator), but page is new object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to fetch the elements again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T13:48:35.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20106" CreationDate="2016-06-14T16:51:12.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To get access to the text of an element you use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;row0_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamGrid&quot;));&#xA;String elementText = element.getText();&#xA;System.out.println(elementText);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T16:51:12.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20084" CreationDate="2016-06-14T17:01:20.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This would fall under the integration category because you are testing multiple components of a system working together. More info &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T17:01:20.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18825" CreationDate="2016-06-14T17:20:57.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not really.. You could always:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write your own history tab.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amend your email templates for better&#xA;formatting (I have to agree with you on that one - the default emails&#xA;are useful to get as a note that something has changed, but I don't&#xA;know anyone who really reads them because the formatting is not&#xA;friendly). See&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://confluence.atlassian.com/display/JIRA/Customising+Email+Content&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://confluence.atlassian.com/display/JIRA/Customising+Email+Content&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T17:20:57.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20124" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-14T19:08:24.487" Score="3" ViewCount="537" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my &lt;code&gt;webdriver&lt;/code&gt; test, I have the below. Despite the &lt;code&gt;SetPageLoadTimeout&lt;/code&gt;, the script is still executing the next line before allowing the page to load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;MySurvey&quot;)).Click();&#xA;driver.Manage().Timeouts().SetPageLoadTimeout(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(120)); &#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11312" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2016-06-18T08:33:34.167" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T08:45:47.530" Title="SetPageLoad Timeout not working for Selenium web driver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20124" CreationDate="2016-06-14T19:27:44.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;SetPageLoadTimeout&lt;/code&gt; is saying how long you want to wait for the page to load before the test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you're after is waiting for an element to appear:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(webDriver, timeoutInSeconds);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id&amp;lt;locator&amp;gt;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id&amp;lt;locator&amp;gt;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T19:27:44.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18761" CreationDate="2016-06-14T19:30:34.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, in no uncertain terms, you cannot put Java code inside a Selenium IDE test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to write your test case in Java, you need to use Selenium Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T19:30:34.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20084" CreationDate="2016-06-14T19:30:42.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the 4 quadrants of Agile testing this could be considered to be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional Testing (Quadrant 2, top left)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-14T19:30:42.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20099" CreationDate="2016-06-15T03:18:01.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot select text value using CSS so I would recommend going for &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt; instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The relevant XPath query will be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[text()='Test1']/@componentId&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference material:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xpath_intro.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XPath Tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-xpath-extractor-jmeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Using the XPath Extractor in JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T03:18:01.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20130" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20188" CreationDate="2016-06-15T04:35:33.000" Score="0" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Automation and I have started to work on &lt;code&gt;SeeTest&lt;/code&gt; Automation. I want to know how to make proper classes and methods for automating an Android Application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main concern is to know how to arrange test cases in classes and how to arrange code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2016-06-19T03:27:01.707" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T12:01:15.697" Title="Automation Code Management Using JAVA" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8943" CreationDate="2016-06-15T06:37:15.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will be difficult to maintain SeeTest automation using POM because if we declare all the paths like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static By launchpad_button = By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='text']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but the commands in SeeTest are like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.client.elementSendText(&quot;NATIVE&quot;, &quot;xpath=//*[@id='text']&quot;, 0 ,&quot;Testing&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to add xpath again while using SeeTest commands &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Its useful in the Selenium + Webdriver but i thinks it will wast in&#xA;  Selenium Webdriver + SeeTest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T09:52:21.030" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T09:52:21.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20081" CreationDate="2016-06-15T10:17:26.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Message like this will probably create a new div so, if there is really no other way to identify it, you could use something along the lines of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; Elements = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;div&quot;));&#xA;Boolean ElementExists = false;&#xA;for(counter = 0, counter &amp;lt; Elements.size(); counter++){&#xA;    if(Elements.get(counter).getText().equals(&quot;The Popup text&quot;){&#xA;        ElementExists = true;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This iterates through every div on your site gets the displayed text and sets the Boolean true if it finds an element with the desired text. This solution is exceptionally crude (and worse, slow) but it should be able to do the job. If you'd send a link to the Site I'd look if I can find a better solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T10:17:26.747" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10463" CreationDate="2016-06-15T10:42:53.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Form above explanation it seems that failed-testng.xml gets deleted when you re-run your tests in Post task under Jenkins, because when you run &quot;mvn clean&quot; it will delete the target folder where failed-testng.xml was present.&#xA;To verify this you need to access the Jenkins workspace, but your software testing company might not have the access to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further follow these steps they will solve the issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First your pom should be configurable to run the tests from command line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.19.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;forkCount&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/forkCount&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;src/test/resources/${suiteXmlFile}&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then configure jenkins for the Post build(which is you already doing) to run the failed-testng.xml. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But first you have to copy/move the failed-testng.xml to from target folder to any other folder within framework(except target and test-output folder, because these folders gets deleted when you run the command &quot;mvn clean&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the Maven plugin to copy/move file from one location to another location:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-resources-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.0.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;copy-resources&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- here the phase you need --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;phase&amp;gt;validate&amp;lt;/phase&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;copy-resources&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;outputDirectory&amp;gt;${basedir}/target/failed-testng.xml&amp;lt;/outputDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;resources&amp;gt;          &#xA;            &amp;lt;resource&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;directory&amp;gt;src/&amp;lt;/directory&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;filtering&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/filtering&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/resource&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/resources&amp;gt;              &#xA;        &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;            &#xA;      &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: This plugin must be executed after the tests execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="18010" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T10:59:29.327" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T10:59:29.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20108" CreationDate="2016-06-15T12:07:20.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Actions class of webdriver to fix this issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;actions.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[text()='Audio']&quot;))).click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T12:07:20.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18354" CreationDate="2016-06-15T14:17:03.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use this function with good results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    static WebElement getElementsWithAlteratingNames(String PartialName, String Tag, WebDriver driver, String Attribute) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; Elements = driver.findElements(By.tagName(Tag));&#xA;        String[] ElementStrings = new String[Elements.size()];&#xA;        System.out.println(Elements.size());&#xA;        for (int LoopCounter = 0; LoopCounter &amp;lt; Elements.size(); LoopCounter++) {&#xA;            ElementStrings[LoopCounter] = Elements.get(LoopCounter).getAttribute(Attribute).toString();&#xA;            if (ElementStrings[LoopCounter].contains(PartialName)) {&#xA;                System.out.println(ElementStrings[LoopCounter]);&#xA;                return Elements.get(LoopCounter);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Could not generate a list of elements&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    return null;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've kept it fairly abstract so you can easily costumize it to serve the individual needs of your wanted Element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the Method is just not good and throws away efficiency if made a small update that does pretty much the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static WebElement findElem(String Tag, String Att, String Value){ &#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;Elems = driver.findElements(By.tagName(Tag)); &#xA;       for(WebElement Elem : Elems){ &#xA;           if(Elem.getAttribute(Att).contains(Value)) return Elem; &#xA;       }&#xA;     } &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the code above isn't something that would pass a code review if one of my team did it I wouldn't feel good to leave it that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastEditorUserId="18800" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T08:34:48.157" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T08:34:48.157" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20137" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-15T14:26:16.810" Score="0" ViewCount="5617" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just started using HTML unit driver and when trying to run the application I get this error message in Eclipse. Do I miss something in my installation ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Cannot locate declared field class org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder.dnsResolver&#xA;Build info: version: '2.53.0', revision: '35ae25b', time: '2016-03-15 16:57:40'&#xA;System info: host: 'Gigavoice-PC', ip: '10.19.241.138', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_60'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: HtmlUnitDriver&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.get(HtmlUnitDriver.java:534)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.get(HtmlUnitDriver.java:508)&#xA;at automationFramework.CheckRedirects.main(CheckRedirects.java:24)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Cannot locate declared field class org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder.dnsResolver&#xA;at org.apache.commons.lang3.Validate.isTrue(Validate.java:155)&#xA;at org.apache.commons.lang3.reflect.FieldUtils.readDeclaredField(FieldUtils.java:512)&#xA;at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.HttpWebConnection.getField(HttpWebConnection.java:1036)&#xA;at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.HttpWebConnection.createConnectionManager(HttpWebConnection.java:959)&#xA;at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.HttpWebConnection.getResponse(HttpWebConnection.java:165)&#xA;at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.loadWebResponseFromWebConnection(WebClient.java:1351)&#xA;at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.loadWebResponse(WebClient.java:1268)&#xA;at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.getPage(WebClient.java:381)&#xA;at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.getPage(WebClient.java:303)&#xA;at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.getPage(WebClient.java:450)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.get(HtmlUnitDriver.java:519)&#xA;... 2 more &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6427" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T14:33:26.190" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T03:30:27.933" Title="HtmlUnit driver error" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9254" CreationDate="2016-06-15T17:20:37.393" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, not with Selenium.  If you are willing to consider something besides Selenium, look at SmartBear's TestComplete.  It works well with web apps and desktop apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/overview/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18837" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T15:16:55.610" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T15:16:55.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20065" CreationDate="2016-06-15T17:57:49.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with a vagrant box for each base OS,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set up a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/vagrantfile/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;vagrantfile&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/vagrantfile/winrm_settings.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;winrm&lt;/a&gt; file so as to&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;allow your &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/provisioning/file.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;file provisioning&lt;/a&gt; to take place which will copy the installer to the box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the installer can then be run with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/provisioning/shell.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;shell provisioner&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;em&gt;this is where you run the installer in silent mode.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the provisioning can all be set up within the vagrantfile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From then on you just call &lt;code&gt;vagrant up --provision&lt;/code&gt; in the project directory when there has been a change of the executable that you need to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T17:57:49.077" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20142" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-15T19:45:32.787" Score="0" ViewCount="945" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I attempt to search for the following element by XPath, Selenium does not find the the element. Not sure what I'm missing here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//input[@type='text']&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;Test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11312" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:21:15.440" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:21:15.440" Title="Selenium is not recognizing xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20144" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-15T21:20:46.703" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-06-15T21:20:46.703" LastActivityDate="2016-06-15T21:20:46.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20145" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-15T21:20:46.703" Score="0" Body="Open Source Operating System developed originally by Linux Torvalds" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T01:15:28.807" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T01:15:28.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20146" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-15T21:23:40.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt; is an open-source stress tool with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;high performances&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;simple concepts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer-friendly DSL to describe scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;scenario recorder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ready-to-present HTML reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gatling is built upon:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Async Http Client and Netty for non-blocking HTTP;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Akka for actions (requests, pauses, assertions, etc...) modeling and orchestration;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scala interpreter for scripting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling homepage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gatling/gatling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling @ github&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1842" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T18:42:13.347" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T18:42:13.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20147" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-15T21:23:40.707" Score="0" Body="Gatling is an open-source load testing framework based on Scala, Akka and Netty." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="1842" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T18:42:01.710" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T18:42:01.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20142" CreationDate="2016-06-16T04:18:50.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;May be because there are many elements on the page with same xpath. check if you have more than one input type text element present on the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;install plugin firepath on mozilla then paste your xpath over there it will highlight the elements ,if it highlights more than one element then you need to change the xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T05:43:53.847" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T05:43:53.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20152" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-16T07:35:45.097" Score="2" ViewCount="13178" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able to list out the check boxes which are checked and unchecked.the checkboxes are placed in the div tags. And only class name is generated dynamically when the check box is clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unchecked checkboxes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;jqx-checkbox-default jqx-checkbox-default-p_p_id=TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet&amp;amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;amp;p_p_state=maximized&amp;amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactTypeLabel=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_jspPage=%2Fhtml%2Fteam%2Fassign_user.jsp&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_token=ORGANIZATION&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_screenMode=maximized&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactId=0&amp;amp;_TeamManage...l-p_p_id=TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet&amp;amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;amp;p_p_state=maximized&amp;amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactTypeLabel=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_jspPage=%2Fhtml%2Fteam%2Fassign_user.jsp&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_token=ORGANIZATION&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_screenMode=maximized&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactId=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamId=0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;width: 13px; height: 13px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;width: 13px; height: 13px;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Checked checkboxes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;jqx-checkbox-default jqx-checkbox-default-p_p_id=TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet&amp;amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;amp;p_p_state=maximized&amp;amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactTypeLabel=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_jspPage=%2Fhtml%2Fteam%2Fassign_user.jsp&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_token=ORGANIZATION&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_screenMode=maximized&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactId=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamId=0 jqx-fill-state-normal jqx-fill-state-normal-p_p_id=TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet&amp;amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;amp;p_p_state=maximized&amp;amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactTypeLabel=0&amp;amp;_TeamManageme`nt_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_jspPage=%2Fhtml%2Fteam%2Fassign_user.jsp&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_token=ORGANIZATION&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_screenMode=maximized&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactId=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamId=0 jqx-rc-all jqx-rc-all-p_p_id=TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet&amp;amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;amp;p_p_state=maximized&amp;amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactTypeLabel=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_jspPage=%2Fhtml%2Fteam%2Fassign_user.jsp&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_token=ORGANIZATION&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_screenMode=maximized&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactId=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamId=0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;width: 13px; height: 13px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;jqx-checkbox-check-checked jqx-checkbox-check-checked-p_p_id=TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet&amp;amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;amp;p_p_state=maximized&amp;amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactTypeLabel=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_jspPage=%2Fhtml%2Fteam%2Fassign_user.jsp&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_token=ORGANIZATION&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_screenMode=maximized&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_artifactId=0&amp;amp;_TeamManagement_WAR_TeamManagementportlet_teamId=0&quot; style=&quot;width: 13px; height: 13px;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Checked element is present in this div&#xA;WebElement weChecked=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[3]/div[3]/div/div[5]/div/div/div[1]/div&quot;)); &#xA;//Unchecked element is present in this div&#xA;WebElement weUnchecked=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[3]/div[3]/div/div/div[1]/div&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;//This the following code where I am checking&#xA;WebElement weUnchecked=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[3]/div[3]/div/div/div[1]/div&quot;));&#xA;if(weUnchecked.isSelected())&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Selected&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Not Selected&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;//WebElement weChecked=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[3]/div[3]/div/div[5]/div[1]/div&quot;));&#xA;WebElement weChecked=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[3]/div[3]/div/div[5]/div/div/div[1]/div&quot;));&#xA;if(weChecked.isSelected())&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Selected&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Not Selected&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18810" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:20:24.847" LastActivityDate="2021-04-04T04:07:40.703" Title="Check Box check and Uncheck using selenium web driver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18670" CreationDate="2016-06-16T08:09:03.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would think skills trump anything else. If you prefer, you could brush up on your knowledge or skills in testing especially the glossary. I find it's useful being able to talk about it and not just being able to do testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are taught courses and certifications. You could self-study if you prefer. Also, the interview is important especially how you answer. I guess you could scan the ads on what are the requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T08:09:03.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20155" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-16T08:42:25.013" Score="0" ViewCount="603" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to perform Penetration Testing and I work only in Manual Testing. How Can I perform Penetration testing manually ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18699" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T13:03:54.287" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T03:47:16.773" Title="How can I perform Penetration testing as manual tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20155" CreationDate="2016-06-16T09:00:45.023" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you Can, but Penetration Testing is a complete discipline in its own right.  Although I carry out some manually, we often bring in specialist resource to perform it comprehensively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you start by getting a Pen Test Distro like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.kali.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Kali Linux&lt;/a&gt; and learn about some of the tools it includes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you run ANY tests, make sure that you have agreement with your ops and development teams.  Almost by definition, you can break things, so be careful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T09:00:45.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20157" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20216" CreationDate="2016-06-16T09:36:28.080" Score="2" ViewCount="1327" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working on Agile Project and we have starting to implement BDD as part of it. To do so, I need to present a slide with advantages of BDD. I can see many sites including StackOverflow has the answer, but i'm keen on getting the benefits role wise -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Product Owner :&#xA;Business Analyst :&#xA;Developer :&#xA;Tester :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appreciate your help in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18848" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T07:26:21.703" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T12:10:40.043" Title="Benefits of BDD" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-06-21T11:56:15.450" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20158" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-16T09:49:09.650" Score="0" ViewCount="2177" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hello , please tell me how can i  take the screenshot of webpage by using selenium Webdriver in java ??&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18751" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T11:23:34.487" Title="How Can I take Screenshot using selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-06-17T01:50:47.167" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20137" CreationDate="2016-06-16T10:02:23.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You probably have a wrong version of the Apache httpclient library in your classpath. See here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/p/htmlunit/bugs/1786/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://sourceforge.net/p/htmlunit/bugs/1786/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="923" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T10:02:23.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20158" CreationDate="2016-06-16T11:23:34.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible. The following example is in Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;// Now you can do whatever you need to do with it, for example copy somewhere&#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;c:\\tmp\\screenshot.png&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer has been lifted from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;stackoverflow&lt;/a&gt; and written by Sergii Pozharov as the question could be useful to others within SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T11:23:34.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20162" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-16T11:58:16.163" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T11:58:16.163" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T11:58:16.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20163" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-16T11:58:16.163" Score="0" Body="Manual Testing usually refers to testing performed by a real human being" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T16:19:34.307" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:19:34.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20164" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-16T11:59:42.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HPE Unified Functional Testing (UFT) software, formerly known as HP QuickTest Professional (QTP), provides functional and regression test automation for software applications and environments. HPE Unified Functional Testing can be used for enterprise quality assurance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T16:19:21.840" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:19:21.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20165" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-16T11:59:42.310" Score="0" Body="Unified Functional Testing" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T16:19:24.997" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:19:24.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20166" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:01:27.773" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T12:01:27.773" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T12:01:27.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20167" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:01:27.773" Score="0" Body="Static Testing usually refers to testing a product that is exactly or nearly exactly the same from version to version and does not have dynamic content that changes" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T16:19:31.277" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:19:31.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20168" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:04:36.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The process of setting up times and/or days that a program or component or test or test suite will run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T16:19:12.933" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:19:12.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20169" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:04:36.580" Score="0" Body="Setting a program to run at specified times" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T16:19:27.933" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:19:27.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20170" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:06:04.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The web protocol for exchanging information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T16:19:15.917" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:19:15.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20171" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:06:04.143" Score="0" Body="Hypertext Transfer Protocol" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T06:59:31.903" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T06:59:31.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20172" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:07:44.270" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T12:07:44.270" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T12:07:44.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20173" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:07:44.270" Score="0" Body="The process of having other team members review code and give suggestions for improvement" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T16:19:18.870" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T16:19:18.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20174" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-16T12:55:19.660" Score="4" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working on my thesis, I can see the following phrases all over (books, ISO 9000, CMMI):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quality control is defined as the operational techniques and&#xA;  activities that are used to fulfill requirements for quality. Examples include testing, inspections and reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know problem is in my understand, because even in PRINCE2 you can read that those activites (Quality Control) are used to satisfy quality requirements and it lists testing and inspections as examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I still struggle to see how these reactive activities can fulfill quality requirements - these can be truly fulfilled only by proper design and development. I feel they mean fulfillment in terms of checking and confirming but I cannot understand it fully. Otherwise, how could you fulfill quality requirements in a product by testing, if the product is defective?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12759" LastEditorUserId="12759" LastEditDate="2016-06-16T14:19:44.547" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T18:46:29.453" Title="How testing and inspections can fulfill quality requirements?" Tags="&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;iso-9000&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20152" CreationDate="2016-06-16T13:06:47.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simpliest way is using CSS selector instead of xpath in this case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;input:checked[type='checkbox']&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should return the list with all selected checkboxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this one for not selected:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;input:not(:checked)[type='checkbox']&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:20:41.297" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:20:41.297" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20174" CreationDate="2016-06-16T15:20:22.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How you know that design and development was proper? You inspect the development process, review the code, and run test. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T15:20:22.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20174" CreationDate="2016-06-16T15:24:06.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right: quality control will help detect problems but will not prevent them from happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I may help to think about a bigger context.  Let's assume &lt;strong&gt;organizations create things in order to solve problems&lt;/strong&gt;.  There are other reasons to create things, e.g. to create wealth or to create jobs, but for the sake of argument, assume they're primarily interested in solving problems.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There are many activities that go into solving a problem.&lt;/strong&gt;  You need to identify the problem of course, and you need to envision how that problem might be solved.  Then you need to go through a process to translate that vision into a thing: requirements-gathering, design, coding, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All of those activities are flawed&lt;/strong&gt;.  Sometimes the problem isn't a real problem.  Sometimes the vision for how to solve it is the wrong vision.  Sometimes the requirements are wrong, or the design does not meet the requirements, or the code does not match the design, and so on.  These activities not flawed because someone isn't doing a proper job; they are flawed because &lt;strong&gt;people make mistakes&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of that, circumstances change.  Today's problem may not be a problem six months from now.  Or a solution that makes sense today may be obsolete or wrong next week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you deal with people who make mistakes?  You might try using different people, people who never make mistakes.  Those people are really hard to find and keep.  Alternatively, you can &lt;strong&gt;try to design a process that requires people to check each other's work&lt;/strong&gt;.  Individuals will make mistakes, but others will catch them, or at least some of them.  This isn't just about testing code; it's also about validating that the problem is real, checking whether the envisioned solution is practical and useful, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, &lt;strong&gt;even a process designed to detect problems is imperfect&lt;/strong&gt;, so we build a &lt;strong&gt;meta-process&lt;/strong&gt; on top of that.  The meta-process looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try a process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pay attention to the outcome, and be honest about what you see.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use what you learned from the outcome to adjust the process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to step 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, &lt;strong&gt;quality is not about doing things &quot;the right way&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.  It is about setting up a feedback loop that encourages gradual improvement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T15:24:06.077" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16907" CreationDate="2016-06-16T18:25:31.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There may be some misconfigurations in your specification. You declare &lt;code&gt;useUnlimitedThreads=true&lt;/code&gt; but then &lt;code&gt;threadCountMethods=5&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/fork-options-and-parallel-execution.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;they don't seem to get along with each other&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The parameter useUnlimitedThreads allows for an unlimited number of threads. Unless useUnlimitedThreads is set to &quot;true&quot;, the parameter threadCount can be used with the optional parameter perCoreThreadCount.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'm not sure about your &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;include&amp;gt;${tests}&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways, I would just start over from your requirement. Since it is pretty basic, I would recommend to try a simple configuration like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;[...]&#xA;  &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.19.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;parallel&amp;gt;methods&amp;lt;/parallel&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;threadCount&amp;gt;5&amp;lt;/threadCount&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;[...]&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/junit.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/junit.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make sure to be using JUnit &gt; 4.7 (check in your &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make sure to follow maven conventions about the name and the location of the test classes, i.e. they need to be placed under &lt;code&gt;src/test/java&lt;/code&gt;, and the files be named &lt;code&gt;XYXTest.java&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;that should be it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;code&gt;parallel=classesAndMethods&lt;/code&gt;, which was specified in the question: I don't think you need it; I'd rather go with a simple &lt;code&gt;parallel=methods&lt;/code&gt;, as above. I'm not 100% sure of the different behavior, as I can't find any explanation on maven surefire's web site, but I guess that with &lt;code&gt;classesAndMethods&lt;/code&gt; you will have test methods &lt;em&gt;from different classes&lt;/em&gt; running at the same time (on different threads). Whereas with &lt;code&gt;parallel=methods&lt;/code&gt; you will have running at the same time only test methods from one class; that is, the runner will pick each test class, and run its methods, &lt;em&gt;sequentially&lt;/em&gt;, in one thread.&#xA;The problem with &lt;code&gt;parallel=classesAndMethods&lt;/code&gt; is that the greater the level of concurrency, the bigger the headaches in case two test classes have some kind of dependencies (think of two test classes that use a production class which is static and maintains a static state).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18855" LastActivityDate="2016-06-16T18:25:31.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20181" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-16T19:38:52.937" Score="1" ViewCount="434" Body="&lt;p&gt;Got a button that changes state when clicked on.  But, I cannot &quot;find the button, even when in it's default state.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;div class=&quot;alert alert-warning&quot; ng-hide=&quot;show_cd_only&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;div class=&quot;btn btn-inverse&quot; ng-click=&quot;requestCD()&quot;&amp;gt;Only Disclose Via  CD&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Click here to specify that all future disclosures for this loan should be sent via CD instead of LE. If a CD has already been sent, no LEs will be sent regardless of this button action.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page Object Source:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class ClosingValidationsReportsPage &amp;lt; GenericBasePage&#xA;include DataHelper&#xA;&#xA;element(:onlyDiscloseViaCD) {|b| b.button(xpath: &quot;//div[@id='main']/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/span/div/div&quot;)}&#xA;element(:allowLEDisclosures) {|b| b.button(xpath: &quot;//div[@id='main']/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/span/div[2]/div&quot;)}&#xA;element(:message) {|b| b.element(xpath: &quot;(//div[@id='flash']/div)[2]&quot;)}&#xA;&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium-Cucumber source:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;And(/^you click on Only Disclose Via CD button$/) do&#xA;on(ClosingValidationsReportsPage).onlyDiscloseViaCD.when_present.hover&#xA;on(ClosingValidationsReportsPage).onlyDiscloseViaCD.when_present.click&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Watir::Wait::TimeoutError: timed out after 30 seconds, waiting for {:xpath=&amp;gt;&quot;//div[@id='main']/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/span/div/div&quot;, :tag_name=&amp;gt;&quot;button&quot;} to become present&#xA; ./features/step_definitions/closing_interaction.rb:91:in `/^you click on Only Disclose Via CD button$/'&#xA; ./features/CTMWEB-5238-CTM Web - Closing Validation Screen - Disclosure Indicator.feature:9:in `And you click on Only Disclose Via CD button'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Button States:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uuwtK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uuwtK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second state pops up a message that I would need to assert is present once buttons is clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18837" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T08:48:54.123" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T00:38:44.363" Title="Can't find button and click" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20182" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20191" CreationDate="2016-06-16T21:28:40.170" Score="1" ViewCount="1575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to count the rows of the table and below is the HTML:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kJCrw.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kJCrw.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;my html&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to get the total count rows of the table, discarding table header and expanded row. I had tried the code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var altrowCount = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;resultsRepeaterGrid&quot;)).FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;tr&quot;)).Count;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I realized it is counting all the tr. Hoping to get some input from who had experienced this. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a working protractor script which was &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;searchResCount = element.all(by.css('#resultsRepeaterGrid tr[class=&quot;row&quot;], tr[class=&quot;altrow&quot;]'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now how do I translate this syntax to c# webdriver language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="16170" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T13:11:20.670" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T16:32:52.257" Title="How to count rows in GridView using webdriver c#, how to translate the existing protractor script to c# webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14704" CreationDate="2016-06-17T05:54:50.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An alternative is to use a universally unique identifier (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universally_unique_identifier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UUID&lt;/a&gt;) that enables unique identification of information in distributed systems without significant central coordination (so no need to pass parameters to a Jenkins job). In this case each test would take care to create IDs itself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;MYOBJECT&quot; + UUID.randomUUID()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could solve your problem, unless you want identifiers of your objects to contain explicit information about a node where the test creating an object has run, I would add hostname:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;MYOBJECT&quot; + hostname + UUID.randomUUID()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;hostname&lt;/code&gt; can be read as described &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/17958246/142605&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T05:54:50.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20155" CreationDate="2016-06-17T06:30:01.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could self learn from OWASP ZAP. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;check this out: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T06:30:01.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20186" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-17T06:54:36.930" Score="4" ViewCount="76307" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am unable to click on element after executing a First test second test showing a org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException .&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;My code Here:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class snapooh {&#xA;WebDriver driver; &#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup() throws Exception {&#xA;     driver =new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;     driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;     driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;     driver.get(&quot; http://abc/sptest/home &quot;);&#xA;     System.out.println(&quot;Page Launched&quot;);&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void login(){&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;loginBtn&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;emailaddress&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;abc@abc.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginpassword&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;87654321&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginEnter&quot;)).click();&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Login button pressed&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void campaign() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;usrUtils&quot;)).click();;&#xA;&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot; .//*[@id='homeMainContainer']/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/ul/li[4]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;addItem&quot;)).click();&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;campnNameInput&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Hello&quot;);&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;campnClientNameInput&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Hello&quot;);&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;campnDescInput&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Hello&quot;);&#xA;    //DateWidget Start date and end date&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;  .//*[@id='campnStartInput']&quot;)).click();&#xA;        WebElement   datepicker = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ui-datepicker-div&quot;));  &#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows=  datepicker.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));  &#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; columns= datepicker.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;td&quot;));  &#xA;&#xA;                        for (WebElement cell: columns){  &#xA;                            //Select 20th Date   &#xA;                            if (cell.getText().equals(&quot;16&quot;)){  &#xA;                                cell.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;16&quot;)).click();   &#xA;                                    break;&#xA;                            }  &#xA;                                }   &#xA;&#xA;                        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;   .//*[@id='campnEndInput']&quot;)).click();&#xA;                        WebElement   datepicker1 = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ui-datepicker-div&quot;));  &#xA;                        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows1=  datepicker1.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));  &#xA;                        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; columns1= datepicker1.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;td&quot;));  &#xA;                        for (WebElement cell: columns1){  &#xA;                        //Select 20th Date   &#xA;                            if (cell.getText().equals(&quot;29&quot;)){  &#xA;                                cell.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;29&quot;)).click();   &#xA;                                    break;&#xA;                            }  &#xA;                                }   &#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;createAndUpdateCampaign&quot;)).click();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Campaign created&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Error Trace here :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element:   {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;usrUtils&quot;}&#xA; Command duration or timeout: 10.08 seconds&#xA; For documentation on this error, please visit:  http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA; Build info: version: '2.53.0', revision: '35ae25b', time: '2016-03-15 17:00:58'&#xA; System info: host: 'Akshay-PC', ip: '192.168.56.1', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_80'&#xA; *** Element info: {Using=id, value=usrUtils}&#xA; Session ID: d2fcc233-1bb7-435c-ad51-c8958cba421c&#xA; Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13280" LastEditorUserId="13280" LastEditDate="2020-02-17T16:37:06.770" LastActivityDate="2020-07-27T06:51:06.143" Title="Unable to locate element throwing a org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException in TestNG" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1756" CreationDate="2016-06-17T08:46:34.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an documentation provided &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; by Balaji Muthukundan. This is not an official one but it is pretty detailed and systematic. I often refer this documentation for any help regarding Selenium API's. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T08:46:34.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20130" CreationDate="2016-06-17T09:05:45.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For starters, I would suggest you to start reading about &lt;strong&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/strong&gt; - which is a great way to introduction abstraction in your Selenium tests and provides a programmatic way to drive and interact with UI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each page of your AUT (Application Under Test) is mapped to a class file in your code and each method within the class file can be treated as a service offered by the PageObject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple example is provided &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.3pillarglobal.com/insights/abstracting-selenium-tests-using-page-object-model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you like to read about pro's and con's , there is a great &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26688809/disadvantages-of-page-object-model-in-selenium&quot;&gt;thread&lt;/a&gt; in SO that talks in length about POM. Also you can go through this link in SQA which talks about the same &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/585/what-are-the-trade-offs-of-using-page-objects-instead-of-a-collection-of-functio&quot;&gt;topic&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : If you want to involve Python, a very good starting tutorial is &lt;a href=&quot;https://qxf2.com/blog/page-object-model-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. This example takes a mobile apk, so it is be relatable with what you are asking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T09:05:45.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20189" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-17T10:00:57.933" Score="1" ViewCount="715" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 3 iframes as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;contentframe&quot; name=&quot;content&quot; src=&quot;images/loading.gif?RN=6.3_HF10&quot; class=&quot;&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; onLoad=&quot;setTrailMargin();&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;linkTrailFrame&quot; src='images/blank.gif?RN=6.3_HF10' name=&quot;linkTrailFrame&quot; class=&quot;linkTrailFrame&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; allowTransparency=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;ChildMenuIFrm&quot; src='images/blank.gif?RN=6.3_HF10' name=&quot;ChildMenuIFrame&quot; class=&quot;SubObjectNavCollpase&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=0 marginheight=0 style=&quot;display::none&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&quot;id&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; is working for the second and third &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt;, but not working for the first &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18866" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:18:47.610" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:18:47.610" Title="Not able to select the iframe in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-17T11:27:02.317" Score="0" ViewCount="575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm firing off a GET request and then using a script assertion to populate a variable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;def sValue = responseHolder.getNodeValue(&quot;//URL/url/value&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to store the contents of &lt;code&gt;sValue&lt;/code&gt; and use it in subsequent test scripts.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been trying to get properties working but am having no luck.  I suspect that I've missed something embarassingly fundamental.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone give me a hand with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6686" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2016-06-20T04:22:33.490" LastActivityDate="2018-07-10T18:50:15.953" Title="Transferring variable values in SoapUI (basic)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20182" CreationDate="2016-06-17T11:40:18.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To translate your protractor script use the same css selector:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int searchResCount = driver.findElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;#resultsRepeaterGrid tr[class=&quot;row&quot;], tr[class=&quot;altrow&quot;]&quot;)).Count;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastEditorUserId="17159" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T16:32:52.257" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T16:32:52.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20192" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-17T16:49:39.843" Score="1" ViewCount="182" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been reading quite an interesting site SQA.net where I stumbled upon the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When the requirements are produced (in this example) the Software&#xA;  Quality Control team would ensure that the requirements did in fact&#xA;  follow the documented standard (in this case IEEE xyz). The same task,&#xA;  by SQC, would be undertaken for the user interface design and the SQL&#xA;  implementation, that is they both followed the standard identified by&#xA;  SQA. Later the SQA team could make audits to verify that IEEE xyz and&#xA;  not IEEE abc was indeed used as the requirements standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&gt; In this way a difference between correctly implemented by SQA and&#xA;  followed by SQC can clearly be drawn.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I actually like the definiton as it sounds about correct (QA being process-centric, while QC product-centric) but I fail to see what is the difference between &quot;correctly implemented&quot; standards and &quot;followed&quot; standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the example, it reads that QA will audit to see whether the correct IEEE standard was used. Well, how can they do that otherwise than checking if the work product adheres to the content?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12759" LastEditorUserId="12759" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T16:56:11.303" LastActivityDate="2019-12-08T14:29:26.750" Title="Difference between standards &quot;correctly implemented&quot; and &quot;followed&quot; - QA vs QC" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20186" CreationDate="2016-06-17T18:31:01.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;After you clicked &lt;code&gt;loginenter&lt;/code&gt; button, some wait should be added to reload page. It will provide small delay which is helpful for SeleniumDriver to identify element. I would like to suggest you to add some condition to wait next element. Please try below code snippet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement = &#xA;(new WebDriverWait(driver, 10)).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;usrUTils&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11576" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T13:47:36.670" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T13:47:36.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20142" CreationDate="2016-06-17T18:40:48.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that there are more than element in the page source. I suggest you to use xpath with id of the element.It seems like that &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//input[@id='idofelement']&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;Test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11576" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T18:40:48.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20174" CreationDate="2016-06-17T19:09:54.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;how can testing and inspections fulfill quality requirements?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having worked in Quality for a while I can recall my first impressions about what I thought it was (things working near perfectly or flawlessly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have found is that the current of state of play regarding web application quality is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it work?  Yes vs. No&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply put, if you perform the intended action do you get the expected result.  Most of the time in web development it either works or doesn't, not 'mostly with a minor issue&quot;.  Some common examples I meet in my daily work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The user is either created or you get an error message and they are not created&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The button is either clickable not clickable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The text shown is either correct or incorrect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is as opposed to more minor issues such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;readability of font&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;contrast of color&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;size of screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the latter are certainly very valid quality issues, in most of the development that I see, the former are the quality issues being resolved in the industry in 2016.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T19:09:54.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20198" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20200" CreationDate="2016-06-17T20:12:56.713" Score="2" ViewCount="1426" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting this error when running the below selenium scripts using TestNG with Selenium Grid. I'm extending the testbase class to access the WebDriver, but I'm not sure if each class is getting the WebDriver instance correctly since I'm getting a &lt;code&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests scrolls to the first item to click and doesn't click it. I'm new to Java, please advise. I am wondering if I'm understanding inheritance and initiation of objects correctly. Thanks for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:17:23.500" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:17:23.500" Title="Are other classes able to access the webdriver instance when extending test base class? Getting NullPointerException Error" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20198" CreationDate="2016-06-17T20:27:24.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;code&gt;Setup()&lt;/code&gt; method runs (and initializes the driver) only in the &lt;code&gt;Pg_WatchTV_Test&lt;/code&gt; class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Merely extending &lt;code&gt;TestBase&lt;/code&gt; does not cause TestNG to run your setup method. It runs setup methods (annotated by &lt;code&gt;@BeforeMethod&lt;/code&gt; and the like) only if the class has test methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;code&gt;WatchTV&lt;/code&gt; class has no tests, so &lt;code&gt;TestNG&lt;/code&gt; does not treat it as a test class. So the &lt;code&gt;Setup()&lt;/code&gt; method in &lt;code&gt;WatchTV&lt;/code&gt; never runs. So your &lt;code&gt;WatchTV&lt;/code&gt; instance has no driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than making &lt;code&gt;WatchTV&lt;/code&gt; extend &lt;code&gt;TestBase&lt;/code&gt; to get a driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a &lt;code&gt;WatchTV&lt;/code&gt; constructor that takes a &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; parameter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do one or the other of:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; instance in the constructor, using the passed driver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the constructor, save the driver to a field. Then in the &lt;code&gt;WatchTVLink()&lt;/code&gt; method, create the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; instance using the driver field. (See kotoj's excellent example.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="117" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T20:43:57.440" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T20:43:57.440" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20198" CreationDate="2016-06-17T20:38:43.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with @Dale Emery. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class WatchTV {&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait;&#xA;    int waitseconds = 60;&#xA;&#xA;    public WatchTV(WebDriver driver){&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, waitseconds);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    By watchtvlink = By.linkText(&quot;Watch TV »&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement WatchTVLink()&#xA;    {&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(watchtvlink));&#xA;        return driver.findElement(watchtvlink);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17159" LastEditorUserId="17159" LastEditDate="2016-06-17T21:52:36.167" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T21:52:36.167" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20081" CreationDate="2016-06-17T20:40:52.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Leave email address empty and click the sign in button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View page source and find the html tag of that error. Add an explicit wait for the corresponding element tag. For explicit wait, see this link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the element text and compare with the desired error message.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11576" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-12T23:35:08.960" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T23:35:08.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20081" CreationDate="2016-06-17T23:12:54.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var myElement = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;div&quot;))&#xA;     .Where(x =&amp;gt; x.GetProperty(&quot;value&quot;).ToString()&#xA;     .Contains(&quot;Please fill out this field&quot;))&#xA;     .First();*&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15644" LastActivityDate="2016-06-17T23:12:54.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20186" CreationDate="2016-06-18T04:42:14.447" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder how you even able to open the application? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you have an empty space in side string many places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem #1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change from : &lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot; http://192.168.1.10:8080/sptest/home &quot;);&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to : &lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://192.168.1.10:8080/sptest/home&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem #2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change from: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot; .//*[@id='homeMainContainer']/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/ul/li[4]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='homeMainContainer']/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/ul/li[4]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem #3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change from :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;   .//*[@id='campnEndInput']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='campnEndInput']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. If you still have issues, then update the question with your html code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15919" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T04:42:14.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9735" CreationDate="2016-06-18T11:19:11.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Test Plan must have the minimum skeleton as specified below. It is very important to remember and know the difference. We are not referring to test approach or strategy documents here. I have always used Microsoft project to create and track a plan as it is such a powerful tool and provides such a wide variety of views that suits everyone i.e. if you want to look at each detailed items/tasks and its progress in percentage  Or want to track milestones and even resources. Also bear in mind in the overall lifecycle of the project it is almost impossible where you will see the dates have not changed, therefore maintenance becomes easier too if the test plan is well thought/constructed. Now coming back to the specific question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It must contain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dependencies &#xA;  a. Design complete &#xA;  b. Dev complete &#xA;  c. Test environment ready &#xA;  d. Test resources available&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test activities&#xA;  a. Test Prep Complete and signed off&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  b. Test Data Ready&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  c. Test Execution Start&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  d. Test Execution Complete&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  e. Test Closure&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go Live Dates&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go Live Support&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See an example&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L5a3g.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L5a3g.png&quot; alt=&quot;Sample Test Plan&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best Regards&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T11:19:11.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12075" CreationDate="2016-06-18T12:16:29.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's separate out BDD and feature coverage. BDD is just a way to name your tests. And we can cover features irrespectively of the test names. So the question boils down to &quot;how do we measure feature coverage&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is one of the ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use reporting tool that allows linking your tests to the requirements (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://allure.qatools.ru/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Allure&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actually link your tests. In Java + Allure it will look like this: &lt;code&gt;@Features(&quot;BLAH-12 My Feature1&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@Stories(&quot;BLAH-13 My Story1&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;. If you have the ability - add them to your issue tracker. If not, just keep them in the constants in your code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write test names stubs (only names without implementation) for 100% coverage of the feature. Of course different people would come up with different set of tests, but to your best knowledge that should be 100% coverage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement the tests that you have time/skills to implement, others will be left not-implemented.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now after you generate the report the tests that you implemented are going to be green (hopefully) and the tests that are pending to be implemented are going to be blue. That would:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List the whole functionality (if that's a BDD) or the whole set of the tests which comprises 100% coverage. &lt;em&gt;Per each piece of the app&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Highlight the coverage - you'll see which tests are implemented and which should be covered manually&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T12:16:29.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20207" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-18T19:09:19.113" Score="5" ViewCount="6827" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi All when I am trying to build or clean the Maven project I got below error &#xA;can any help me ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Errors occurred during the build.&#xA;Errors running builder 'Maven Project Builder' on project 'POM-SeleniumProject-MVN'.&#xA;Could not initialize class org.apache.maven.index.ArtifactInfo&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6SyBE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6SyBE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18222" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-04T16:54:20.640" LastActivityDate="2018-01-28T22:46:27.690" Title="Error in Maven project build-&quot;Could not initialize class org.apache.maven.index.ArtifactInfo&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20208" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-18T20:09:13.317" Score="1" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to check ETag from the header response of requesting URL.&#xA;I know that when request URL, then response will be html, css, js and images.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issue: How to read header for all these resources including the html when requesting URL?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;HttpClient&lt;/code&gt; if you enter URL then it will give header and response only for html!! it didn't return the header for all loading resources which are involved with this URL and will be loaded associated with this URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if I request only &lt;strong&gt;css&lt;/strong&gt;, then it will give me a right header response for this style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();&#xA;HttpGet request = new HttpGet(&quot;http://www.mkyong.com/wp-content/themes/mkyong/css/prism.css&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);&#xA;for (Header header : response.getHeaders(&quot;ETag&quot;)) &#xA;    System.out.println(header.getName()+&quot; == &quot;+header.getValue());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I tried to but the main URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mkyong.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.mkyong.com&lt;/a&gt;, then it will give me only response for the main html.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to fetch them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17966" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:16:56.380" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:16:56.380" Title="HttpClient- Read all resources headers for all resources for entire page" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20208" CreationDate="2016-06-18T22:59:26.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When your web browser requests a URL, the response is just the page and anything embedded in the page.  Your web browser parses the response, determines what other resources are referenced by the page, and sends additional requests to fetch those resources, one resource per request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will have to do the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-06-18T22:59:26.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20189" CreationDate="2016-06-19T10:38:17.317" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you switching to frames one by one? After every switch to one frame you have to come out to the main content before making a switch to the next frame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webdriver.switchto().Frame(&amp;lt;FirstFrame&amp;gt;);&#xA;webdriver.switchto().defaultcontent();&#xA;webdriver.switchto().Frame(&amp;lt;SecondFrame&amp;gt;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can learn more about Iframes here &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/handling-iframes-using-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/handling-iframes-using-selenium-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18880" LastEditorUserId="18880" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T11:07:14.387" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T11:07:14.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20190" CreationDate="2016-06-19T15:05:01.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how I would do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming this in your test case. There is a step which invoke a soap request and gets the response. Add a &lt;code&gt;Script Assertion&lt;/code&gt; and below is the script. And what this script does is that it will read the response, checks if it is not a soapfault and extract the required &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; value as you desired and saves it at test case level property, say &lt;code&gt;VALUE_FROM_PREVIOUS_RESPONSE&lt;/code&gt; is property name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Script&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;import com.eviware.soapui.support.XmlHolder&#xA;//asserting if the response is soap fault&#xA;assert context.response.toLowerCase().contains('soapfault'), &quot;Response is soap fault&quot;&#xA;def holder = new XmlHolder(context.response)&#xA;//You need to replace the xpath in below statement&#xA;def sValue = holder.getNodeValue('/your/xpath')&#xA;//asserting if given xpath has any value&#xA;assert sValue, &quot;Xpath does not have any value&quot;&#xA;//saving the above value at test case level property VALUE_FROM_PREVIOUS_RESPONSE&#xA;context.testCase.setPropertyValue('VALUE_FROM_PREVIOUS_RESPONSE', sValue)&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the next test step request, use the above property where ever you need above response value of previous step. That is known as property expansion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say, &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;yourXmlElement&amp;gt;${#TestCase#VALUE_FROM_PREVIOUS_RESPONSE}&amp;lt;/yourXmlElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15919" LastActivityDate="2016-06-19T15:05:01.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17985" CreationDate="2016-06-19T15:21:43.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hope you find below resources helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the &lt;code&gt;SoapUI&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/73372/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Documentation&lt;/a&gt; reference for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Microsoft Visual Studio includes tools and technologies for all members of software development teams: project architects, developers, managers and, of course, testers. TestComplete can integrate with these tools giving your Quality Assurance team the ability to --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Run unit tests created with Visual Studio as part of your TestComplete projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Run TestComplete tests directly from your MSBuild projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Integrate TestComplete tests into your Visual Studio test projects and include them in your application's lifecycle managed by Visual Studio and Team Foundation tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run TestComplete tests locally in Visual Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run TestComplete tests remotely in Visual Studio by using test controllers and test agents.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Plan and manage your TestComplete tests by using Microsoft Test Manager.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run TestComplete tests as build verification tests (after Team Foundation Build builds your application).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In other words, you can mix tests created in both products and make your testing flexible and powerful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TestComplete 11 can integrate with the following versions of Microsoft Visual Studio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 (Enterprise and Professional editions).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 - 2013 (Ultimate, Premium, and Professional editions).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note for Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 users: Currently, TestComplete needs specific preparations to be able to work via COM on Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012. Since Visual Studio integration uses TestComplete COM interfaces, you may need to change the privileges of your application or TestComplete in order to be able to run tests. For detailed information on the needed preparations, see the Using TestComplete COM Interfaces on Windows 8 and Later Operating Systems section of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/75758/#Manifest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Working With TestComplete via COM&lt;/a&gt; - Overview topic.&#xA;  In This Section&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/67897/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Running Unit Tests Created With Visual Studio in TestComplete Projects&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Describes how you can run Visual Studio unit tests from TestComplete projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/75341/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Running TestComplete Tests From MSBuild Projects&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Explains how to integrate TestComplete projects into MSBuild projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/71350/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Integration With Visual Studio Application Lifecycle Management&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  Contains information on how to include TestComplete tests in your application's lifecycle managed by Visual Studio and Team Foundation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;See also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/viewarticle/71012/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Teamwork and Integration Into QA Process&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can find a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kEqihTq1FKg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt; for the same&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15919" LastActivityDate="2016-06-19T15:21:43.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17831" CreationDate="2016-06-19T15:50:49.967" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how I would do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like you made a trivial mistake in the &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how the test case is defined with following test step names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Soap Request Test step named as &lt;code&gt;Test Request&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Property Transfer Test step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second Soap Request Test step named as &lt;code&gt;Test Request2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how &lt;code&gt;Property Transfer&lt;/code&gt; test step is defined.&#xA;Added a property using by clicking on &lt;code&gt;+&lt;/code&gt;, and named it &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; which you would see on the left side and also in the botton once result is evaluated which is also marked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source&lt;/strong&gt; : &lt;code&gt;Test Request&lt;/code&gt; and Property : &lt;code&gt;Response&lt;/code&gt; - What it means is that reading first test step and I want to select the given &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; on the Response&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Xpath&lt;/strong&gt; : &lt;code&gt;//*:RetrieveSecurityTokenResponse/*:RetrieveSecurityTokenResult/*:SecurityToken&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Target&lt;/strong&gt; : &lt;code&gt;Test Request2&lt;/code&gt; and Property : &lt;code&gt;Request&lt;/code&gt; - It means that the evaluated xpath value should be updated from source to target xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Xpath&lt;/strong&gt; : &lt;code&gt;//*:LoginTravelAgent/*:LoginTravelAgentRequest/*:SecurityGUID&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how it appears:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U8l8K.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/U8l8K.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15919" LastActivityDate="2016-06-19T15:50:49.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17878" CreationDate="2016-06-19T17:02:04.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi its better to hire a Senior Manual QA with some automation experience and also this person to want to develop his/her automation skills. Most commonly Seniors manual QA's have an automation experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a company which is planning to growing its QA team it is an important thing its first engineers in the company to have a strong technical and soft skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;According to Agile the whole team is responsible for quality of the project including developers.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion about Agile processes to set up a serious tool like Jira and Confluence. It costs $20 monthly up to 10 users. This will help you to track stories, performance of the team and to lead a documentation accessible to everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Stanislav about &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Quality Assistance instead of QA engineers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Atlasssian I would like to mention that they implemented a really serious development process. &#xA;I had a chance to met an Atlasssian developer and to discuss this with him. Yes developers writes their test but first of all they create a functionality or testable increment after that they have a code review, then they create tests which has a code review as well. So for such a structure they will need from some people in the beginning with really ninjas skills to implement it and to be responsible for quality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my view and experience a Senior QA and clear agile process would be a reasonable and effective solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18881" LastActivityDate="2016-06-19T17:02:04.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2016-06-19T17:28:59.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To become an automation QA Engineer is a process and you are right nowadays it is really difficult to find a job only with manual skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestions is to start with grey box testing first. Watch what there is behind a web page,a single page application and mobile apps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You definitely should start with some proxy tools. To learn to manage your requests and response first. This will give you basic skills how to automate after that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such tools are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1.Charles - payed tool with free trial  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.charlesproxy.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.charlesproxy.com&lt;/a&gt; and/or &#xA;  2. Fiddler - free proxy tool  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telerik.com/download/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.telerik.com/download/fiddler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can start with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE and JMeter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can record your steps easily with Selenium IDE. After that you can continue wit Selenium Web Driver, SOAP UI and etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18881" LastEditorUserId="18881" LastEditDate="2016-06-26T16:53:12.217" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T16:53:12.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20157" CreationDate="2016-06-20T02:03:05.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You probably have read that &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/3-misconceptions-about-bdd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BDD is not about testing&lt;/a&gt;, but about improving communication. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software development, there are a manifold of ways to express the same thing; and some fit better for each role. Given that, it is common for a project to have many documents expressing the same thing. This cause two problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When requirements change, all these documents need to be updated;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some documents are &quot;unreadable&quot; for some people - because the notation and language is focused for other people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BDD - Gherk language, for example - tries to mitigate this problem by creating a simplistic unique source of truth, readable by anyone. Giving unique tags for each scenario, &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; individual in a team can raise questions about a particular behaviour in the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The scenario-based requirements in BDD help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designers and POs express their needs;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers and testers to early check if the system if the behaviour (main flow and alternatives) are as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does not mean that other documents (as wireframes) can not be used, but they should always be linked in the BDD documents (because it is the single source of truth).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary, BDD helps to work with two principles of Agile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Embrancing the changes;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T02:03:05.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20217" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20218" CreationDate="2016-06-20T06:54:35.930" Score="5" ViewCount="6107" Body="&lt;p&gt;We first get the code to be tested on the &quot;QA server&quot; and then on the &quot;Staging server&quot;. Now when we are already done testing on the &quot;QA server&quot; why we can't simply push code directly to the &quot;Production server&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know its not safe and one more round of testing is always good, it's our gut feeling but if we go logically, why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T07:39:02.623" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T16:00:58.523" Title="Why need two cycles of testing first on &quot;QA Server&quot; and then on &quot;Stage server&quot;?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20217" CreationDate="2016-06-20T09:12:51.553" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;(more or less) &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12069396/what-qa-server-stand-for&quot;&gt;Quoted:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA stands for Quality Assurance. Probably the QA server is suitable for testing, measuring the quality of the software/hardware. Probably unit tests/regression tests are meant to run on this server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The what-you-call staging/pre-production server, is a system running the production code used for regular usage of the software/hardware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means; you run the unit-tests against the source code on the QA server. This is a server that has software installed to run those tests, and more often then not it's a server that has a load of software running that might help  with situations like mocking (thus you don't test it like you would in production, you fake a lot of stuff).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Staging server, however, does not run tests against source code, but against production code. You compile or transpile the code. That means you can run integration tests and use a environment simular to the one used for production. That server should be identical to the production server in such a way that, when you deliver your product, you can be sure the production server is capable of handeling the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18885" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T09:12:51.553" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20217" CreationDate="2016-06-20T12:13:29.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excellent answer by Randy, but I'd like to go further : there can be &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;several&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; levels of testing machines, and each one goes further from the development, and looks like more the production machine. I've seen up to 4 levels, with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit tests(someone, usually the developper itself, tests the isolated components, usually directly on the development machine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integration tests (someone, maybe the developper, or a dedicated tester, tests the components together, usually on a dedicated integration machine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performance and scenario-based testing(in France, we often call it &quot;homologation&quot;), where a dedicated tester tries to test the load-resistance of the application, while another tester(it's a different skillset, and usually different people) will execute realistic, complex scenarii.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acceptance testing, where a end-user is looking for things all people before might have missed, and that only a long-trained eye can notice. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each step is designed to minimize the load of the following step. As you probably know, the earlier a mistake is detected, the less it costs to repair. the ideal is when end-users only detect mistakes noone else could have detected. If the end-user presses a button and the application crashes badly, someone in the steps 1, 2 or 3 made a mistake. When the only thing he finds is a complex, border-case that was not written in the specs nor reasonably guessable, then the steps 1, 2 and 3 have been done properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I'm pretty sure some structures have even more layers. But you get the idea : each layer must detect as much defects as possible, but cannot detect everything.....hence the next layer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15487" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T12:13:29.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20157" CreationDate="2016-06-20T19:29:54.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;BDD Tests&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As many things around us - there is more hype around BDD than what it deserves. BDD &lt;a href=&quot;https://dannorth.net/introducing-bdd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;was born&lt;/a&gt; as a way of naming your tests clearer: instead of saying that you test this-and-that you're saying it-should-work-this-and-that. And this is a great idea since it makes it clear about the purpose of the test and it allows the test to be shared with not-so-technical people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;BDD Methodology&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a while BDD was turned into a methodology where everyone is using the same language. The idea was borrowed from DDD where the &lt;em&gt;vocabulary&lt;/em&gt; used by all team members is the same. But BDD tried to mimic this in a different way - it tried to come up with a notation that everyone uses. The benefits of this were not as clear and most of the attempts to implement a full-blown BDD fail in today's projects. Especially when it comes to Given-When-Then style:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BAs have to write more text. Often BAs have to write a lot, but with BDD they have to write even more. As a BA Given-When-Then is the last thing that I would want to use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers have to read more (which they often don't do). As a PM I was once asked by developers &lt;em&gt;not to use&lt;/em&gt; this format because of its verbosity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So while the benefits of writing easy-to-understand tests is a very good idea, the rest of the BDD is questionable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;BDD Tools&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several types of tools that can be used for BDD-style testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jbehave.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JBehave&lt;/a&gt;-like frameworks (&lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;-[&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;js&lt;/a&gt;]-[&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JVM&lt;/a&gt;], &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SpecFlow&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://pythonhosted.org/behave/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behave&lt;/a&gt;, etc.). These are very cumbersome tools since they have additional files to maintain which complicates the maintenance and spoils the &lt;a href=&quot;http://qala.io/blog/test-data-management.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Data Management&lt;/a&gt; (which itself complicates maintenance by an order of magnitude).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RSpec-like frameworks (&lt;a href=&quot;https://mochajs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mocha&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://jasmine.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/describe_it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;describe_it&lt;/a&gt;, etc). These are much easier to write and maintain since they are still code but they support additional features to facilitate BDD. They also use a much shorter notation - Describe-It. Though for very complicated scenarios Given-When-Then fits better as for me.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/spockframework/spock&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spock&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://easyb.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;easyb&lt;/a&gt; - they are trying to use Given-When-Then syntax implementing it right in the code. Since it's still code its maintenance is still much easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JUnit/TestNG - these are plain old testing frameworks that don't actually facilitate BDD in any special way. But you still can name and write these tests in an understandable way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Summary&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While BDD may seem enticing, you should always make decisions that are &lt;em&gt;good for your project&lt;/em&gt;. If you can't find real pragmatic benefits from the tool, you need to question its usefulness. What's really helping the project is a team of professionals. They can make any tool work. But the tool won't make any change if the team is not ready for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14881" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T12:10:40.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20157" CreationDate="2016-06-20T20:38:33.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't try to differentiate between BDD and TDD and believe that they are both about the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;small change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;constant feedback&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;continual improvement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;improved communication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and they led to the following benefits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;useful functionality based on real needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rapid change for features as needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;less artifacts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quick turnaround for bug fixing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-20T20:38:33.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20217" CreationDate="2016-06-21T04:32:58.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA and Staging server must consist on different environments. I worked in  a company who has QA server and Staging sever. They make sure functionality is working properly on both environments or not. QA server is built for testing purpose. But I think Staging server is very similar to Product server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T04:32:58.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2016-06-21T06:58:03.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had put my code to implement for new webdriver code as below ,refer this page: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/becausetesting/commons/blob/master/src/main/java/com/github/becausetesting/cucumber/selenium/RemoteWebDriverEx.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/becausetesting/commons/blob/master/src/main/java/com/github/becausetesting/cucumber/selenium/RemoteWebDriverEx.java&lt;/a&gt; :&#xA;just use this code to use existing started selenium session:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver=new RemoteWebDriverEx(true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;full code as below sample:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.github.becausetesting.cucumber.selenium;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@SuppressWarnings(&quot;deprecation&quot;)&#xA;public class RemoteWebDriverEx extends RemoteWebDriver {&#xA;&#xA;    // TODO(dawagner): This static logger should be unified with the&#xA;    // per-instance localLogs&#xA;    /*&#xA;     * &#xA;     * 2016/03/07 Alter: Add the use exising session for testing&#xA;     */&#xA;    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RemoteWebDriverEx.class.getName());&#xA;    private Level level = Level.FINE;&#xA;&#xA;    private ErrorHandler errorHandler = new ErrorHandler();&#xA;    private CommandExecutor executor;&#xA;    private Capabilities capabilities;&#xA;    private SessionId sessionId;&#xA;    private FileDetector fileDetector = new UselessFileDetector();&#xA;    private ExecuteMethod executeMethod;&#xA;&#xA;    private JsonToWebElementConverter converter;&#xA;&#xA;    private RemoteKeyboard keyboard;&#xA;    private RemoteMouse mouse;&#xA;    private Logs remoteLogs;&#xA;    private LocalLogs localLogs;&#xA;&#xA;    private int w3cComplianceLevel = 0;&#xA;&#xA;    private boolean useSession=false;&#xA;&#xA;    public void useSeleniumSession(boolean useSession){&#xA;        this.useSession=useSession;&#xA;    }&#xA;    // For default testing to switch to firefox&#xA;    protected RemoteWebDriverEx() {&#xA;        this((URL) null, DesiredCapabilities.firefox());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    protected RemoteWebDriverEx(boolean useSessionId) {&#xA;        this((URL) null, DesiredCapabilities.firefox(), useSessionId);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public RemoteWebDriverEx(CommandExecutor executor, Capabilities desiredCapabilities,&#xA;            Capabilities requiredCapabilities, boolean useSessionId) {&#xA;        this.executor = executor;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        //recover scenario script&#xA;        Thread.currentThread();&#xA;        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new RecoveryScenario());&#xA;&#xA;        init(desiredCapabilities, requiredCapabilities);&#xA;&#xA;        if (executor instanceof NeedsLocalLogs) {&#xA;            ((NeedsLocalLogs) executor).setLocalLogs(localLogs);&#xA;        }&#xA;        if (useSessionId) {&#xA;            getExistingSessionId();&#xA;        }&#xA;        if (this.sessionId == null) {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                startClient();&#xA;            } catch (RuntimeException e) {&#xA;                try {&#xA;                    stopClient();&#xA;                } catch (Exception ignored) {&#xA;                    // Ignore the clean-up exception. We'll propagate the&#xA;                    // original failure.&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                throw e;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            try {&#xA;                startSession(desiredCapabilities, requiredCapabilities);&#xA;            } catch (RuntimeException e) {&#xA;                try {&#xA;                    quit();&#xA;                } catch (Exception ignored) {&#xA;                    // Ignore the clean-up exception. We'll propagate the&#xA;                    // original&#xA;                    // failure.&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                throw e;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public RemoteWebDriverEx(CommandExecutor executor, Capabilities desiredCapabilities) {&#xA;        this(executor, desiredCapabilities, null, false);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public RemoteWebDriverEx(Capabilities desiredCapabilities) {&#xA;        this((URL) null, desiredCapabilities);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public RemoteWebDriverEx(Capabilities desiredCapabilities, boolean useSessionId) {&#xA;        this((URL) null, desiredCapabilities, useSessionId);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public RemoteWebDriverEx(URL remoteAddress, Capabilities desiredCapabilities, Capabilities requiredCapabilities) {&#xA;        this(new HttpCommandExecutor(remoteAddress), desiredCapabilities, requiredCapabilities, false);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public RemoteWebDriverEx(URL remoteAddress, Capabilities desiredCapabilities, Capabilities requiredCapabilities,&#xA;            boolean useSessionId) {&#xA;        this(new HttpCommandExecutor(remoteAddress), desiredCapabilities, requiredCapabilities, useSessionId);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public RemoteWebDriverEx(URL remoteAddress, Capabilities desiredCapabilities) {&#xA;        this(new HttpCommandExecutor(remoteAddress), desiredCapabilities, null, true);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public RemoteWebDriverEx(URL remoteAddress, Capabilities desiredCapabilities, boolean useSessionId) {&#xA;        this(new HttpCommandExecutor(remoteAddress), desiredCapabilities, null, useSessionId);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public int getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() {&#xA;        return w3cComplianceLevel;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private void init(Capabilities desiredCapabilities, Capabilities requiredCapabilities) {&#xA;        //logger.addHandler(LoggingHandler.getInstance());&#xA;&#xA;        converter = new JsonToWebElementConverter(this);&#xA;        executeMethod = new RemoteExecuteMethod(this);&#xA;        keyboard = new RemoteKeyboard(executeMethod);&#xA;        mouse = new RemoteMouse(executeMethod);&#xA;&#xA;        ImmutableSet.Builder&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; builder = new ImmutableSet.Builder&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;        boolean isProfilingEnabled = desiredCapabilities != null&#xA;                &amp;amp;&amp;amp; desiredCapabilities.is(CapabilityType.ENABLE_PROFILING_CAPABILITY);&#xA;        if (requiredCapabilities != null&#xA;                &amp;amp;&amp;amp; requiredCapabilities.getCapability(CapabilityType.ENABLE_PROFILING_CAPABILITY) != null) {&#xA;            isProfilingEnabled = requiredCapabilities.is(CapabilityType.ENABLE_PROFILING_CAPABILITY);&#xA;        }&#xA;        if (isProfilingEnabled) {&#xA;            builder.add(LogType.PROFILER);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        LoggingPreferences mergedLoggingPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();&#xA;        if (desiredCapabilities != null) {&#xA;            mergedLoggingPrefs.addPreferences(&#xA;                    (LoggingPreferences) desiredCapabilities.getCapability(CapabilityType.LOGGING_PREFS));&#xA;        }&#xA;        if (requiredCapabilities != null) {&#xA;            mergedLoggingPrefs.addPreferences(&#xA;                    (LoggingPreferences) requiredCapabilities.getCapability(CapabilityType.LOGGING_PREFS));&#xA;        }&#xA;        if ((mergedLoggingPrefs.getEnabledLogTypes().contains(LogType.CLIENT)&#xA;                &amp;amp;&amp;amp; mergedLoggingPrefs.getLevel(LogType.CLIENT) != Level.OFF)&#xA;                || !mergedLoggingPrefs.getEnabledLogTypes().contains(LogType.CLIENT)) {&#xA;            builder.add(LogType.CLIENT);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; logTypesToInclude = builder.build();&#xA;&#xA;        LocalLogs performanceLogger = LocalLogs.getStoringLoggerInstance(logTypesToInclude);&#xA;        LocalLogs clientLogs = LocalLogs.getHandlerBasedLoggerInstance(LoggingHandler.getInstance(), logTypesToInclude);&#xA;        localLogs = LocalLogs.getCombinedLogsHolder(clientLogs, performanceLogger);&#xA;        remoteLogs = new RemoteLogs(executeMethod, localLogs);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Set the file detector to be used when sending keyboard input. By default,&#xA;     * this is set to a file detector that does nothing.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param detector&#xA;     *            The detector to use. Must not be null.&#xA;     * @see FileDetector&#xA;     * @see LocalFileDetector&#xA;     * @see UselessFileDetector&#xA;     */&#xA;    public void setFileDetector(FileDetector detector) {&#xA;        if (detector == null) {&#xA;            throw new WebDriverException(&quot;You may not set a file detector that is null&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        fileDetector = detector;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public SessionId getSessionId() {&#xA;        return sessionId;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Capabilities getCapabilities() {&#xA;        return capabilities;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @SuppressWarnings({ &quot;rawtypes&quot;, &quot;unchecked&quot; })&#xA;    public void getExistingSessionId() {&#xA;&#xA;        Response response = execute(DriverCommand.GET_ALL_SESSIONS);&#xA;        ArrayList sessionsList = (ArrayList) response.getValue();&#xA;        int size = sessionsList.size();&#xA;        if (size &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;            // Here it will get the first sesion container ,if you have multiply&#xA;            // sesssion ,it always get the top sessions in the session&#xA;            // containers&#xA;            Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; rawCapabilities = (Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;) sessionsList.get(sessionsList.size() - 1);&#xA;&#xA;            DesiredCapabilities returnedCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;            for (Map.Entry&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; entry : rawCapabilities.entrySet()) {&#xA;                // Handle the platform later&#xA;                if (CapabilityType.PLATFORM.equals(entry.getKey())) {&#xA;                    continue;&#xA;                }&#xA;                returnedCapabilities.setCapability(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());&#xA;            }&#xA;            String platformString = (String) rawCapabilities.get(CapabilityType.PLATFORM);&#xA;            Platform platform;&#xA;            try {&#xA;                if (platformString == null || &quot;&quot;.equals(platformString)) {&#xA;                    platform = Platform.ANY;&#xA;                } else {&#xA;                    platform = Platform.valueOf(platformString);&#xA;                }&#xA;            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {&#xA;                // The server probably responded with a name matching the&#xA;                // os.name&#xA;                // system property. Try to recover and parse this.&#xA;                platform = Platform.extractFromSysProperty(platformString);&#xA;            }&#xA;            returnedCapabilities.setPlatform(platform);&#xA;&#xA;            capabilities = returnedCapabilities;&#xA;            String oldsessionid = (String) rawCapabilities.get(&quot;id&quot;);&#xA;            sessionId = new SessionId(oldsessionid);&#xA;            logger.info(&quot;Found Existing sessionId: &quot; + oldsessionid&#xA;                    + &quot; from session container,and emulate all the operations in this session.&quot;);&#xA;            if (response.getStatus() == null) {&#xA;                w3cComplianceLevel = 1;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected void setSessionId(String opaqueKey) {&#xA;        sessionId = new SessionId(opaqueKey);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected void startSession(Capabilities desiredCapabilities) {&#xA;        startSession(desiredCapabilities, null);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @SuppressWarnings({ &quot;unchecked&quot; })&#xA;    protected void startSession(Capabilities desiredCapabilities, Capabilities requiredCapabilities) {&#xA;&#xA;        ImmutableMap.Builder&amp;lt;String, Capabilities&amp;gt; paramBuilder = new ImmutableMap.Builder&amp;lt;String, Capabilities&amp;gt;();&#xA;        paramBuilder.put(&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;, desiredCapabilities);&#xA;        if (requiredCapabilities != null) {&#xA;            paramBuilder.put(&quot;requiredCapabilities&quot;, requiredCapabilities);&#xA;        }&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;String, ?&amp;gt; parameters = paramBuilder.build();&#xA;&#xA;        Response response = execute(DriverCommand.NEW_SESSION, parameters);&#xA;&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; rawCapabilities = (Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;) response.getValue();&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities returnedCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;        for (Map.Entry&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; entry : rawCapabilities.entrySet()) {&#xA;            // Handle the platform later&#xA;            if (CapabilityType.PLATFORM.equals(entry.getKey())) {&#xA;                continue;&#xA;            }&#xA;            returnedCapabilities.setCapability(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());&#xA;        }&#xA;        String platformString = (String) rawCapabilities.get(CapabilityType.PLATFORM);&#xA;        Platform platform;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            if (platformString == null || &quot;&quot;.equals(platformString)) {&#xA;                platform = Platform.ANY;&#xA;            } else {&#xA;                platform = Platform.valueOf(platformString);&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {&#xA;            // The server probably responded with a name matching the os.name&#xA;            // system property. Try to recover and parse this.&#xA;            platform = Platform.extractFromSysProperty(platformString);&#xA;        }&#xA;        returnedCapabilities.setPlatform(platform);&#xA;&#xA;        capabilities = returnedCapabilities;&#xA;        sessionId = new SessionId(response.getSessionId());&#xA;        if (response.getStatus() == null) {&#xA;            w3cComplianceLevel = 1;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Object executeScript(String script, Object... args) {&#xA;        if (!capabilities.isJavascriptEnabled()) {&#xA;            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(&#xA;                    &quot;You must be using an underlying instance of WebDriver that supports executing javascript&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Escape the quote marks&#xA;        script = script.replaceAll(&quot;\&quot;&quot;, &quot;\\\&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Iterable&amp;lt;Object&amp;gt; convertedArgs = Iterables.transform(Lists.newArrayList(args), new WebElementToJsonConverter());&#xA;&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;String, ?&amp;gt; params = ImmutableMap.of(&quot;script&quot;, script, &quot;args&quot;, Lists.newArrayList(convertedArgs));&#xA;&#xA;        if (getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;            return execute(DriverCommand.EXECUTE_SCRIPT_W3C, params).getValue();&#xA;        }&#xA;        return execute(DriverCommand.EXECUTE_SCRIPT, params).getValue();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Object executeAsyncScript(String script, Object... args) {&#xA;        if (!isJavascriptEnabled()) {&#xA;            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(&#xA;                    &quot;You must be using an underlying instance of &quot; + &quot;WebDriver that supports executing javascript&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Escape the quote marks&#xA;        script = script.replaceAll(&quot;\&quot;&quot;, &quot;\\\&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Iterable&amp;lt;Object&amp;gt; convertedArgs = Iterables.transform(Lists.newArrayList(args), new WebElementToJsonConverter());&#xA;&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;String, ?&amp;gt; params = ImmutableMap.of(&quot;script&quot;, script, &quot;args&quot;, Lists.newArrayList(convertedArgs));&#xA;&#xA;        if (getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;            return execute(DriverCommand.EXECUTE_ASYNC_SCRIPT_W3C, params).getValue();&#xA;        }&#xA;        return execute(DriverCommand.EXECUTE_ASYNC_SCRIPT, params).getValue();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private boolean isJavascriptEnabled() {&#xA;        return capabilities.isJavascriptEnabled();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Options manage() {&#xA;        return new RemoteWebDriverOptions();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected void setElementConverter(JsonToWebElementConverter converter) {&#xA;        this.converter = converter;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected JsonToWebElementConverter getElementConverter() {&#xA;        return converter;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected Response execute(String driverCommand, Map&amp;lt;String, ?&amp;gt; parameters) {&#xA;        Command command = new Command(sessionId, driverCommand, parameters);&#xA;        Response response;&#xA;&#xA;        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;        String currentName = Thread.currentThread().getName();&#xA;        Thread.currentThread()&#xA;                .setName(String.format(&quot;Forwarding %s on session %s to remote&quot;, driverCommand, sessionId));&#xA;        try {&#xA;            log(sessionId, command.getName(), command, When.BEFORE);&#xA;            response = executor.execute(command);&#xA;            log(sessionId, command.getName(), command, When.AFTER);&#xA;&#xA;            if (response == null) {&#xA;                return null;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            // Unwrap the response value by converting any JSON objects of the&#xA;            // form&#xA;            // {&quot;ELEMENT&quot;: id} to RemoteWebElements.&#xA;            Object value = converter.apply(response.getValue());&#xA;            response.setValue(value);&#xA;        } catch (SessionNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            throw e;&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            log(sessionId, command.getName(), command, When.EXCEPTION);&#xA;            String errorMessage = &quot;Error communicating with the remote browser. &quot; + &quot;It may have died.&quot;;&#xA;            if (driverCommand.equals(DriverCommand.NEW_SESSION)) {&#xA;                errorMessage = &quot;Could not start a new session. Possible causes are &quot;&#xA;                        + &quot;invalid address of the remote server or browser start-up failure.&quot;;&#xA;            }&#xA;            UnreachableBrowserException ube = new UnreachableBrowserException(errorMessage, e);&#xA;            if (getSessionId() != null) {&#xA;                ube.addInfo(WebDriverException.SESSION_ID, getSessionId().toString());&#xA;            }&#xA;            if (getCapabilities() != null) {&#xA;                ube.addInfo(&quot;Capabilities&quot;, getCapabilities().toString());&#xA;            }&#xA;            throw ube;&#xA;        } finally {&#xA;            Thread.currentThread().setName(currentName);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            errorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(response, System.currentTimeMillis() - start);&#xA;        } catch (WebDriverException ex) {&#xA;            if (parameters != null &amp;amp;&amp;amp; parameters.containsKey(&quot;using&quot;) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; parameters.containsKey(&quot;value&quot;)) {&#xA;                ex.addInfo(&quot;*** Element info&quot;,&#xA;                        String.format(&quot;{Using=%s, value=%s}&quot;, parameters.get(&quot;using&quot;), parameters.get(&quot;value&quot;)));&#xA;            }&#xA;            ex.addInfo(WebDriverException.DRIVER_INFO, this.getClass().getName());&#xA;            if (getSessionId() != null) {&#xA;                ex.addInfo(WebDriverException.SESSION_ID, getSessionId().toString());&#xA;            }&#xA;            if (getCapabilities() != null) {&#xA;                ex.addInfo(&quot;Capabilities&quot;, getCapabilities().toString());&#xA;            }&#xA;            Throwables.propagate(ex);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return response;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected Response execute(String command) {&#xA;        return execute(command, ImmutableMap.&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; of());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected ExecuteMethod getExecuteMethod() {&#xA;        return executeMethod;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Keyboard getKeyboard() {&#xA;        return keyboard;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Mouse getMouse() {&#xA;        return mouse;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Override this to be notified at key points in the execution of a command.&#xA;     *&#xA;     * @param sessionId&#xA;     *            the session id.&#xA;     * @param commandName&#xA;     *            the command that is being executed.&#xA;     * @param toLog&#xA;     *            any data that might be interesting.&#xA;     * @param when&#xA;     *            verb tense of &quot;Execute&quot; to prefix message&#xA;     */&#xA;    protected void log(SessionId sessionId, String commandName, Object toLog, When when) {&#xA;        String text = &quot;&quot; + toLog;&#xA;        if (commandName.equals(DriverCommand.EXECUTE_SCRIPT)&#xA;                || commandName.equals(DriverCommand.EXECUTE_ASYNC_SCRIPT)) {&#xA;            if (text.length() &amp;gt; 100 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; Boolean.getBoolean(&quot;webdriver.remote.shorten_log_messages&quot;)) {&#xA;                text = text.substring(0, 100) + &quot;...&quot;;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        switch (when) {&#xA;        case BEFORE:&#xA;            logger.info( &quot;Executing: &quot; + commandName + &quot; &quot; + text);&#xA;            break;&#xA;        case AFTER:&#xA;            logger.info(&quot;Executed: &quot; + text);&#xA;            break;&#xA;        case EXCEPTION:&#xA;            logger.info(&quot;Exception: &quot; + text);&#xA;            break;&#xA;        default:&#xA;            logger.info( text);&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public FileDetector getFileDetector() {&#xA;        return fileDetector;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected class RemoteWebDriverOptions implements Options {&#xA;&#xA;        @Beta&#xA;        public Logs logs() {&#xA;            return remoteLogs;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void addCookie(Cookie cookie) {&#xA;            cookie.validate();&#xA;            execute(DriverCommand.ADD_COOKIE, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;cookie&quot;, cookie));&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void deleteCookieNamed(String name) {&#xA;            execute(DriverCommand.DELETE_COOKIE, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;name&quot;, name));&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void deleteCookie(Cookie cookie) {&#xA;            deleteCookieNamed(cookie.getName());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void deleteAllCookies() {&#xA;            Object response = execute(DriverCommand.DELETE_ALL_COOKIES);&#xA;            System.out.println(response);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @SuppressWarnings({ &quot;unchecked&quot; })&#xA;        public Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; getCookies() {&#xA;            Object returned = execute(DriverCommand.GET_ALL_COOKIES).getValue();&#xA;&#xA;            Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; toReturn = new HashSet&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;            List&amp;lt;Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;&amp;gt; cookies = new JsonToBeanConverter().convert(List.class, returned);&#xA;            if (cookies == null) {&#xA;                return toReturn;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            for (Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; rawCookie : cookies) {&#xA;                String name = (String) rawCookie.get(&quot;name&quot;);&#xA;                String value = (String) rawCookie.get(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;                String path = (String) rawCookie.get(&quot;path&quot;);&#xA;                String domain = (String) rawCookie.get(&quot;domain&quot;);&#xA;                boolean secure = rawCookie.containsKey(&quot;secure&quot;) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (Boolean) rawCookie.get(&quot;secure&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;                Number expiryNum = (Number) rawCookie.get(&quot;expiry&quot;);&#xA;                Date expiry = expiryNum == null ? null : new Date(TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(expiryNum.longValue()));&#xA;&#xA;                toReturn.add(new Cookie.Builder(name, value).path(path).domain(domain).isSecure(secure)&#xA;                        .expiresOn(expiry).build());&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            return toReturn;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public Cookie getCookieNamed(String name) {&#xA;            Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; allCookies = getCookies();&#xA;            for (Cookie cookie : allCookies) {&#xA;                if (cookie.getName().equals(name)) {&#xA;                    return cookie;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            return null;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public Timeouts timeouts() {&#xA;            return new RemoteTimeouts();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public ImeHandler ime() {&#xA;            return new RemoteInputMethodManager();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @Beta&#xA;        public Window window() {&#xA;            return new RemoteWindow();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        protected class RemoteInputMethodManager implements WebDriver.ImeHandler {&#xA;&#xA;            @SuppressWarnings(&quot;unchecked&quot;)&#xA;            public List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; getAvailableEngines() {&#xA;                Response response = execute(DriverCommand.IME_GET_AVAILABLE_ENGINES);&#xA;                return (List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;) response.getValue();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public String getActiveEngine() {&#xA;                Response response = execute(DriverCommand.IME_GET_ACTIVE_ENGINE);&#xA;                return (String) response.getValue();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public boolean isActivated() {&#xA;                Response response = execute(DriverCommand.IME_IS_ACTIVATED);&#xA;                return (Boolean) response.getValue();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public void deactivate() {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.IME_DEACTIVATE);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public void activateEngine(String engine) {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.IME_ACTIVATE_ENGINE, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;engine&quot;, engine));&#xA;            }&#xA;        } // RemoteInputMethodManager class&#xA;&#xA;        protected class RemoteTimeouts implements Timeouts {&#xA;&#xA;            public Timeouts implicitlyWait(long time, TimeUnit unit) {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.SET_TIMEOUT,&#xA;                        ImmutableMap.of(&quot;type&quot;, &quot;implicit&quot;, &quot;ms&quot;, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(time, unit)));&#xA;                return this;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public Timeouts setScriptTimeout(long time, TimeUnit unit) {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.SET_TIMEOUT,&#xA;                        ImmutableMap.of(&quot;type&quot;, &quot;script&quot;, &quot;ms&quot;, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(time, unit)));&#xA;                return this;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public Timeouts pageLoadTimeout(long time, TimeUnit unit) {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.SET_TIMEOUT,&#xA;                        ImmutableMap.of(&quot;type&quot;, &quot;page load&quot;, &quot;ms&quot;, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(time, unit)));&#xA;                return this;&#xA;            }&#xA;        } // timeouts class.&#xA;&#xA;        @Beta&#xA;        protected class RemoteWindow implements Window {&#xA;&#xA;            public void setSize(Dimension targetSize) {&#xA;                if (getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() == 0) {&#xA;                    execute(DriverCommand.SET_WINDOW_SIZE, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;windowHandle&quot;, &quot;current&quot;, &quot;width&quot;,&#xA;                            targetSize.width, &quot;height&quot;, targetSize.height));&#xA;                } else {&#xA;                    execute(DriverCommand.SET_CURRENT_WINDOW_SIZE,&#xA;                            ImmutableMap.of(&quot;width&quot;, targetSize.width, &quot;height&quot;, targetSize.height));&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public void setPosition(Point targetPosition) {&#xA;                if (getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() == 0) {&#xA;                    execute(DriverCommand.SET_WINDOW_POSITION,&#xA;                            ImmutableMap.of(&quot;windowHandle&quot;, &quot;current&quot;, &quot;x&quot;, targetPosition.x, &quot;y&quot;, targetPosition.y));&#xA;                } else {&#xA;                    executeScript(&quot;window.screenX = arguments[0]; window.screenY = arguments[1]&quot;, targetPosition.x,&#xA;                            targetPosition.y);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            @SuppressWarnings({ &quot;unchecked&quot; })&#xA;            public Dimension getSize() {&#xA;                Response response = getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() == 0&#xA;                        ? execute(DriverCommand.GET_WINDOW_SIZE, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;windowHandle&quot;, &quot;current&quot;))&#xA;                        : execute(DriverCommand.GET_CURRENT_WINDOW_SIZE);&#xA;&#xA;                Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; rawSize = (Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;) response.getValue();&#xA;&#xA;                int width = ((Number) rawSize.get(&quot;width&quot;)).intValue();&#xA;                int height = ((Number) rawSize.get(&quot;height&quot;)).intValue();&#xA;&#xA;                return new Dimension(width, height);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; rawPoint;&#xA;&#xA;            @SuppressWarnings(&quot;unchecked&quot;)&#xA;            public Point getPosition() {&#xA;                if (getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() == 0) {&#xA;                    Response response = execute(DriverCommand.GET_WINDOW_POSITION,&#xA;                            ImmutableMap.of(&quot;windowHandle&quot;, &quot;current&quot;));&#xA;                    rawPoint = (Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;) response.getValue();&#xA;                } else {&#xA;                    rawPoint = (Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;) executeScript(&quot;return {x: window.screenX, y: window.screenY}&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                int x = ((Number) rawPoint.get(&quot;x&quot;)).intValue();&#xA;                int y = ((Number) rawPoint.get(&quot;y&quot;)).intValue();&#xA;&#xA;                return new Point(x, y);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public void maximize() {&#xA;                if (getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() == 0) {&#xA;                    execute(DriverCommand.MAXIMIZE_WINDOW, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;windowHandle&quot;, &quot;current&quot;));&#xA;                } else {&#xA;                    execute(DriverCommand.MAXIMIZE_CURRENT_WINDOW);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            public void fullscreen() {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.FULLSCREEN_CURRENT_WINDOW);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    protected class RemoteTargetLocator implements TargetLocator {&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriver frame(int frameIndex) {&#xA;            execute(DriverCommand.SWITCH_TO_FRAME, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;id&quot;, frameIndex));&#xA;            return RemoteWebDriverEx.this;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriver frame(String frameName) {&#xA;            String name = frameName.replaceAll(&quot;(['\&quot;\\\\#.:;,!?+&amp;lt;&amp;gt;=~*^$|%&amp;amp;@`{}\\-/\\[\\]\\(\\)])&quot;, &quot;\\\\$1&quot;);&#xA;            List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; frameElements = RemoteWebDriverEx.this&#xA;                    .findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;frame[name='&quot; + name + &quot;'],iframe[name='&quot; + name + &quot;']&quot;));&#xA;            if (frameElements.size() == 0) {&#xA;                frameElements = RemoteWebDriverEx.this.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;frame#&quot; + name + &quot;,iframe#&quot; + name));&#xA;            }&#xA;            if (frameElements.size() == 0) {&#xA;                throw new NoSuchFrameException(&quot;No frame element found by name or id &quot; + frameName);&#xA;            }&#xA;            return frame(frameElements.get(0));&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriver frame(WebElement frameElement) {&#xA;            Object elementAsJson = new WebElementToJsonConverter().apply(frameElement);&#xA;            execute(DriverCommand.SWITCH_TO_FRAME, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;id&quot;, elementAsJson));&#xA;            return RemoteWebDriverEx.this;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriver parentFrame() {&#xA;            execute(DriverCommand.SWITCH_TO_PARENT_FRAME);&#xA;            return RemoteWebDriverEx.this;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriver window(String windowHandleOrName) {&#xA;            if (getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() == 0) {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.SWITCH_TO_WINDOW, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;name&quot;, windowHandleOrName));&#xA;                return RemoteWebDriverEx.this;&#xA;            } else {&#xA;                try {&#xA;                    execute(DriverCommand.SWITCH_TO_WINDOW, ImmutableMap.of(&quot;handle&quot;, windowHandleOrName));&#xA;                    return RemoteWebDriverEx.this;&#xA;                } catch (NoSuchWindowException nsw) {&#xA;                    // simulate search by name&#xA;                    String original = getWindowHandle();&#xA;                    for (String handle : getWindowHandles()) {&#xA;                        switchTo().window(handle);&#xA;                        if (windowHandleOrName.equals(executeScript(&quot;return window.name&quot;))) {&#xA;                            return RemoteWebDriverEx.this; // found by name&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    switchTo().window(original);&#xA;                    throw nsw;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriver defaultContent() {&#xA;            Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; frameId = Maps.newHashMap();&#xA;            frameId.put(&quot;id&quot;, null);&#xA;            execute(DriverCommand.SWITCH_TO_FRAME, frameId);&#xA;            return RemoteWebDriverEx.this;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public WebElement activeElement() {&#xA;            Response response = execute(DriverCommand.GET_ACTIVE_ELEMENT);&#xA;            return (WebElement) response.getValue();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public Alert alert() {&#xA;            execute(DriverCommand.GET_ALERT_TEXT);&#xA;            return new RemoteAlert();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private class RemoteAlert implements Alert {&#xA;&#xA;        public RemoteAlert() {&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void dismiss() {&#xA;            if (getW3CStandardComplianceLevel() &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.DISMISS_ALERT_W3C);&#xA;            } else {&#xA;                execute(DriverCommand.DISMISS_ALERT);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18901" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T06:58:03.570" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20217" CreationDate="2016-06-21T10:42:33.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The QA server is typically used for running units tests that test components in isolation and that do not require other components or services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Staging server is typically used to test the full system including integrations and other services that are need and used in the full production  system that it mimics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code base is the same (other than different branches perhaps) on both systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T10:42:33.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20226" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-21T12:15:55.513" Score="9" ViewCount="42092" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am preparing for a testing certification. These types of questions are asked frequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Example 1:&#xA;Read P&#xA;Read Q&#xA;IF P+Q &amp;gt; 100 THEN&#xA;Print “Large”&#xA;ENDIF&#xA;If P &amp;gt; 50 THEN&#xA;Print “P Large”&#xA;ENDIF&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Example 2:&#xA; READ X&#xA; READ Y&#xA; I F X&amp;gt;Y THEN Z = 0&#xA; ENDIF&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Example 3:&#xA;1 READ X&#xA; 2 READ Y&#xA; 3 Z =X + 2*Y&#xA; 4 IF Z&amp;gt; 50 THEN&#xA; 5 PRINT large Z&#xA; 6 ENDIF&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jQO2j.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jQO2j.png&quot; alt=&quot;Example 1 - Flowchart&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are Nodes and Edges in the flowchart?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Statement Coverage: 1A-2C-3D-E-4G-5H = 1&#xA;Branch Coverage: 1A-2C-3D-E-4G-5H , 1A-2B-E-4F = 2&#xA;Path Coverage: 4&#xA;1A-2B-E-4F&#xA;1A-2B-E-4G-5H&#xA;1A-2C-3D-E-4G-5H&#xA;1A-2C-3D-E-4F&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please explain , how the answers came by?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In these example, how do we identify that which is a statement, branch and condition? How do we measure coverage? Please give detailed explanations of ALL 3 examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18911" LastEditorUserId="7614" LastEditDate="2019-05-28T06:51:31.267" LastActivityDate="2019-05-28T06:51:31.267" Title="How do we calculate Statement coverage, Branch coverage , Path coverage and Condition coverage in White box testing?" Tags="&lt;whitebox-testing&gt;&lt;flow-charts&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20217" CreationDate="2016-06-21T13:09:29.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason to test same code on different environments is because each environment has different characteristics that can help or limit performing different test scenarios and find different kinds of bugs. The way the company defines test environments depends on its needs, testing process and resources they can spend on it. Given that, what I describe here might not match what you have in your place:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QA environment&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;less realistic&lt;/em&gt;: many external systems might be mocked for different reasons (some infrastructure might be expensive to use or it might not been delivered yet)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;less stable&lt;/em&gt;, because frequent deployments of snapshots versions of software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stage environment&lt;/strong&gt; (called often Staging, CERT, or pre-production):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;more realistic&lt;/em&gt; as it is similar to production infrastructure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;more stable&lt;/em&gt; for many reasons: it already passed tests in QA environment and bugs in your code and code of other teams you rely on have been fixed; if it is visible to customers more effort might be taken by Operations department to keep it up and running; often used after code freeze, so no frequent deploys, unless a bug fix must be applied.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What realistic means here is that some end-to-end tests cannot be executed on QA environment, because there is no infrastructure required by those tests. Also, in QA you may not be able to find some integration bugs (false negatives, due to missing infrastructure) or bugs you find will not occur on Staging (false positives, if QA is mocking external systems in a wrong way). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being more realistic, however, is not always a good thing. Staging is more like production so simulating some scenarios in Staging might be hard (if not impossible). Think, for instance, of payment system failure which is easier to simulate with QA environment with proper mocks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stability offers also different kind of trade-offs. More stable environment means your tests are more credible because their output is not dependent on system instability. However, you usually are obliged not to break system (perform negative scenarios) that would impact other teams using same environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are companies that have also other environments in testing pipeline, both before QA and after Stage. In some companies, each team might have its own environment with external systems mocked (e.g., two teams may work on Web app: one team working on UI may have backed mocked).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all places I worked for unit tests where not executed against any real environment with deployed system under test. Unit tests and some integration tests were rather mocking most system dependencies themselves at runtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T13:29:20.637" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T13:29:20.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20228" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-21T13:24:17.400" Score="0" ViewCount="975" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to not save Http Header requests send to a web site in JMeter recorder rather than recording and deleting manually?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18912" LastEditorUserId="17428" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T07:28:04.813" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:15:33.673" Title="Avoid recording unwanted request in jmeter recorder automatically" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20230" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20415" CreationDate="2016-06-21T14:55:11.160" Score="0" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;I posted this on SO, but figured it might be more appropriate here since it's an actual testing question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a CI.yaml file (For Gitlab CI) that builds our Rails app and runs integration (Rspec/Capybara tests)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;before_script:&#xA;  - rbenv install --skip-existing `cat .ruby-version`&#xA;  - bundle install&#xA;  - RAILS_ENV=test bundle exec rake db:drop db:create db:migrate db:seed&#xA;&#xA;rspec:&#xA;  script:&#xA;    - bundle exec rspec . --tag type:feature&#xA;  tags:&#xA;    - ruby&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretty simple right? However i'll need to spin up a Rails app server to actually run these on via &lt;code&gt;bundle exec rails s&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know the best way to stop such a server on a CI stack? (Were using Gitlab). Im pretty sure Gitlab doesn't stop any servers running after the build, so i'd need to kill it some way but im not sure of the best way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T14:33:16.890" Title="Stopping Test Servers on Gitlab CI?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20217" CreationDate="2016-06-21T16:00:58.523" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the other excellent responses, the &lt;em&gt;type&lt;/em&gt; of manual testing you do on a QA server will differ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I work, the environments are set up this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Local systems&lt;/strong&gt; - this is where the devs build and do their initial unit testing. A number of service-based calls won't work in the local environment, and they are typically sharing the dev server's database with the dev environment, but they have enough to work with and build.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Development server&lt;/strong&gt; - this is where the devs do integration testing and tests that work with the associated services for our products. It's more stable than the dev local systems, but still can be spectacularly broken. The database for this server is structurally correct but the data is sketchy and there are a lot of test and sample tables that have never been cleaned out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QA/TEST server&lt;/strong&gt; - this is where testers start: when changes reach this environment, they have been unit tested and integration tested by the devs. I test for correct function first, then correct handling of error conditions, and finally for edge cases. The most thorough and intense testing happens on this server. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Staging server&lt;/strong&gt; - The staging server is set up to be as production-like as possible, including a recent copy of the production database with data cleaning to remove personally identifiable data and ensure the notification emails are not accidentally sent to live users. Unless code is being staged for deployment, the staging server runs the exact same code as the production server. When code is staged, I test happy path and any critical other paths I'm aware of for each work item (since at this point I am not checking functionality, I'm making sure that everything required for the change has been merged to the staging environment). I also run a small set of regression tests when I've done testing the merged code. &lt;em&gt;The main purpose of staging testing in this situation is pre-verifying the deployment process to make sure that all changesets are included and that nobody missed listing a changeset during development.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Production server&lt;/strong&gt; - Deploying to production is usually smooth and does not cause problems, because the staging process has caught all the glitches. I generally do a sanity check of the items being deployed and a quick run of a short regression suite immediately after deployment. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This process has evolved over several years to allow our deployments (a classic ASP web application) to run smoothly and cause customers minimal stress. Since I'm the only tester in the team and have been the driver for a number of the process changes, a lot of the effort is on me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing I'd change at this point is to automate the regression = but that's a long way off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T16:00:58.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-21T16:08:37.077" Score="1" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm struggling with this one, how to implement EventFiringWebDriver (e_driver) without having a lot of repetitive code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I'm understanding it, in order to capture finding elements and acting on them, the same registered EventFiringWebDriver must be used. This seems to leave two options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) In our WebElement getter methods, DON'T unregister the e_driver.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;b) Create both getter and setter methods, both using e_driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex a)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement usernameField(){&#xA;        e_driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);&#xA;        LoginPageListener1 = new EventListener();&#xA;        e_driver.register(LoginPageListener1);&#xA;        WebElement element = e_driver.findElement(By.name(USERNAME_FIELD_BY_NAME));&#xA;        //e_driver.unregister(LoginPageListener1);&#xA;        return element;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex b)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement usernameField(){&#xA;        e_driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);&#xA;        LoginPageListener1 = new EventListener();&#xA;        e_driver.register(LoginPageListener1);&#xA;        WebElement element = e_driver.findElement(By.name(USERNAME_FIELD_BY_NAME));&#xA;        e_driver.unregister(LoginPageListener1);&#xA;        return element;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void fillUsernameField(String input){&#xA;        e_driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);&#xA;        LoginPageListener1 = new EventListener();&#xA;        e_driver.register(LoginPageListener1);&#xA;        WebElement element = e_driver.findElement(By.name(PASSWORD_FIELD_BY_NAME));&#xA;        element.sendKeys(input);&#xA;        e_driver.unregister(LoginPageListener1);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, I tried simplifying the WebElement getter method so that there isn't so much repetition, but I'm not sure about this solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement eDriverFindElement(String method, String locator){&#xA;        e_driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);&#xA;        eventListener = new EventListener();&#xA;        e_driver.register(eventListener);&#xA;        WebElement element = null;&#xA;        if (method.equals(&quot;name&quot;)){&#xA;            element =  e_driver.findElement(By.name(locator));&#xA;        } else if (method.equals(&quot;id&quot;)){&#xA;            element =  e_driver.findElement(By.id(locator));&#xA;        }&#xA;        //e_driver.unregister(LoginPageListener1);   // &amp;lt;&amp;lt;--- Leaving this off to see if this allows activity capture of actions after finding element&#xA;        return element;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;A third option I'm trying is to add the code to instantiate the EventFiringWebDriver and register it to the page class constructor.  Still, this method involves NOT unregistering, so I'm not sure if that will lead to any problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex c)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Constructor&#xA;    public LoginPage(WebDriver driver) throws Exception {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;        e_driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);&#xA;        LoginPageListener1 = new EventListener();&#xA;        e_driver.register(LoginPageListener1);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;public WebElement usernameField(){          &#xA;        return e_driver.findElement(By.name(USERNAME_FIELD_BY_NAME));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement passwordField(){            &#xA;        return e_driver.findElement(By.name(PASSWORD_FIELD_BY_NAME));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement loginButton(){            &#xA;        return e_driver.findElement(By.name(LOGIN_BUTTON_BY_NAME));&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16984" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-06-21T21:48:07.220" LastActivityDate="2016-06-21T21:48:07.220" Title="Selenium EventFiringWebDriver in page object model and refactored" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20233" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28573" CreationDate="2016-06-21T16:54:53.693" Score="0" ViewCount="3876" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am passing in the checkbox ID, grabbing the element and then if the checkbox is not checked I want to check it. It wouldn't check the box though, so I was debugging and then it worked when I added a second one in, so I added 2 to make it work and cleaned up some clutter I had created with commented code and such, then I ran it again and it didn't check the checkbox on either click. The funny thing is that I am getting focus on the checkbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could this be an issue when there are certain security measures in place for the code?  Is there a workaround for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure if it matters but I am using XUnit for the testing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Then(@&quot;I check the '(.*)' checkbox&quot;)]&#xA;public void ThenICheckTheCheckbox(string checkBoxId)&#xA;{&#xA;    var checkBox = Ie.FindElementById(checkBoxId);&#xA;    var isChecked = checkBox.Selected;&#xA;&#xA;    if (!isChecked)&#xA;    {&#xA;        checkBox.Click(); &#xA;        checkBox.Click();&#xA;        isChecked = checkBox.Selected;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    Assert.True(isChecked, $&quot;the checkbox with id of: {checkBoxId}, is not checked&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML for the checkbox is this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;check-box&quot; data-val=&quot;true&quot; data-val-required=&quot;The Is Active field is required.&quot; &#xA;    id=&quot;IsActive&quot; name=&quot;IsActive&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2018-04-27T14:27:24.093" LastActivityDate="2018-04-27T14:27:24.093" Title="Unable to click on checkbox using Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14094" CreationDate="2016-06-21T17:03:09.183" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using this line of code when I first create my browser instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Given(@&amp;quot;I have opened an IE browser&amp;quot;)]&#xA;public void GivenIHaveOpenedAnIEBrowser()&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    Ie = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;    Ie.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(FiveSeconds));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it's actually the second line in this method, I have a couple of different times factored into constants because I had the same issue in IE. most of my issues were caused by overlapping tests, but there were quite a few times where the DOM wasn't loaded completely yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This really helped, I cannot remember where I found this solution, it was somewhere on SO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T04:20:38.720" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T04:20:38.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20235" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-21T21:31:08.540" Score="0" ViewCount="570" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to run automated test on Bamboo (Atlassian) but I don't know what plugin of maven use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automated test are written in Selenium and Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18923" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T15:45:38.180" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T14:28:23.923" Title="Plugin of Maven - Automated test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15304" CreationDate="2016-06-22T06:18:45.170" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the below code to download a file using Selenium C# with autoit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Interactions;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;&#xA;using System.Threading;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;using AutoItX3Lib;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;namespace windowControlHandler&#xA;{&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class ExportFeasibility&#xA;{   &#xA;    public static String downloadPath = &quot;C:\\SeleniumDownloads&quot;;&#xA;    static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;        IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(new FirefoxBinary(&quot;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox ESR v38.7.0\\firefox.exe&quot;), new FirefoxProfile(), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10));&#xA;        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;URL&quot;);&#xA;        driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&#xA;        driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30000));&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;        IWebElement export = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;html/body/ui-view[2]/qa-planning-multi-grid/div[2]/div[2]/button[1]&quot;));&#xA;        Actions saction = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        saction.Click(export).Perform();&#xA;        AutoItX3 autoit = new AutoItX3();&#xA;        autoit.WinActivate(&quot;Opening GPO Plan.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;        autoit.Send(&quot;{ALTDOWN}s{ALTUP}&quot;);    &#xA;        autoit.Send(&quot;{Enter}&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;        autoit.WinActivate(&quot;Enter name of file to save to..&quot;);&#xA;        autoit.Send(&quot;{Enter}&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18928" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T06:18:45.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20238" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-22T09:08:34.733" Score="2" ViewCount="6281" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am checking a website. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the website I need to check spelling errors and broken links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there is any software/tool to do this task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18932" LastEditorUserId="18932" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T10:14:27.187" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T16:27:20.597" Title="Which tool is used for website link checking and spelling checking in manual testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20239" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-22T09:16:10.307" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to click the image icon via xPath, but when I run the code the link present on image icon is not opening. Could you please help me in resolving this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18934" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T09:47:08.747" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:14:44.977" Title="Problem in clicking on icon" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20240" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-22T09:45:15.233" Score="1" ViewCount="2830" Body="&lt;p&gt;I test a OAuth 2 Login page. It allows me to remember my login. This is done with a persistant cookie. Now I want to test if this &lt;strong&gt;cookie remains present after a browser restart&lt;/strong&gt; which is its intent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;..load Page..&#xA;..login which sets the cookie..&#xA;browser.Quit();&#xA;browser = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;..load Page..&#xA;Cookie is gone&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cookies of the test browser are enabled. I tested it with Firefox, Chrome and IE driver. The cookie is a persistent cookie and works perfectly with a manually started instance of one of the browsers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I do as a workaround:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;..load Page..&#xA;..login which sets the cookie..&#xA;var cookie = driver.Manage().Cookies.GetCookieNamed(&quot;cookie&quot;);&#xA;browser.Quit();&#xA;browser = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(cookie);&#xA;..load Page..&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are those cookies deleted when Quitting the browser? Why does it not work as intended?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18933" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T12:59:12.323" Title="Selenium 2 Webdriver: Persistent cookie browser restart" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20238" CreationDate="2016-06-22T10:20:56.223" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you write this same question on Google You will get a long list of tools, applications and browser addons for running a spelling and grammar check and a link test for websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, what I do is copy the content of web page and paste it in a Word Processor like MS Word or Libre Office Word and run the spelling and grammar check in it for finding the issues. For Final verification I go through the content to make sure it is correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the spelling and grammar are correct but the sentence is wrong or is unfit. For this part I don't rely on tools but my knowledge of English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For link testing there are countless tools of which I prefer the following,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wummel.github.io/linkchecker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LinkChecker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://validator.w3.org/checklink&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;W3C Link Validator&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T02:43:25.327" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T02:43:25.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2016-06-22T10:37:36.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After having transformed our project's testing approach to a form that I haven't seen anywhere else but I find more meaningful, I have discovered, to my delight that it aligned perfectly with the &quot;requirements&quot; of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I shouldn't go into details of that form, but my findings seem like an answer to your endeavor. First of all, I started calling every &quot;verification&quot; step of my test cases (regardless of them being exploratory or not) an &quot;action-reaction&quot; pair. The next step was to naturally define every verification as a &quot;performance-target&quot;, i.e. a performance requirement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I now see every requirement as a performance requirement, which we can safely call plain &quot;requirement&quot;. And the next step is to assign a performance measure or group to &quot;every&quot; requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if I come back to your question, I think the &quot;exploratory&quot; or the directed graph structure of your testing stems from the requirements that haven't been identified yet (which is more common than many may think, or actually is the natural way of design process).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the last assumption, I should recommend you to just go back to a tabular report (or a hierarchical, depending on the structure of your requirements), and add any findings of your exploratory tests as new items to that collection. The need to define the graph-structure of your exploration is of course real, but is an unrelated phenomenon to identifying the &quot;quality&quot; of a version of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15432" LastEditorUserId="15432" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T02:37:28.977" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T02:37:28.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20235" CreationDate="2016-06-22T10:46:59.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bamboo is an Atlassian product which offshore companies use for Continuous integration as it is a paid tool. We used it in one of our project, so we will give you idea on how it could be achieved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to configure Maven on Bamboo (Atlassian) you need to follow the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log into your Bamboo instance as an admin and then select Add-ons.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now, click on Find new add-ons from the left-hand side of the page and locate Maven POM Value Extractor via search.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Results include add-on versions compatible with your Bamboo instance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now, install your add-on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer to below links for more details: &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.davidehringer.atlassian.bamboo.maven.maven-pom-parser-plugin/server/installation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.davidehringer.atlassian.bamboo.maven.maven-pom-parser-plugin/server/installation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For configuring Maven job from Bamboo, refer to link provided below: &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/bamboo/maven-289277038.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://confluence.atlassian.com/bamboo/maven-289277038.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18378" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T14:50:42.123" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T14:50:42.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16719" CreationDate="2016-06-22T10:47:24.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, it boils down to how you can prove something during an audit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, even if you're not tracing a requirement with a separate document as is defined by a standard, but if there's a translatable effort performed and logged (by any means, such as a version control system), then you shouldn't have a problem to prove that you satisfy the criteria (and I think it's a good idea to get in touch with your auditors about specific requirements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15432" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T10:47:24.157" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20240" CreationDate="2016-06-22T12:59:12.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you could do, is try to use an existing profile in the browser, so that way it would actually save the cookies somewhere.  Otherwise the webdriver starts up an anonymous profile every time that doesn't save the cookies, it just throws them away when the browser is disposed of.  This is mentioned in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/11365008/1214743&quot;&gt;this SO Answer&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11353216/selenium-webdriver-not-respecting-cookies-or-cached-images&quot;&gt;Selenium Webdriver not respecting cookies or cached images&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a C# version from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/15220035/1214743&quot;&gt;another SO Answer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private IWebDriver driver;  &#xA;string pathToCurrentUserProfiles = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(&quot;%APPDATA%&quot;) + @&quot;\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles&quot;; // Path to profile&#xA;string[] pathsToProfiles = Directory.GetDirectories(pathToCurrentUserProfiles, &quot;*.default&quot;, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);&#xA;if (pathsToProfiles.Length != 0)&#xA;{&#xA;     FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile(pathsToProfiles[0]);&#xA;     profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.tabs.loadInBackground&quot;, false); // set preferences you need&#xA;     driver = new FirefoxDriver(new FirefoxBinary(), profile, serverTimeout);&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;     driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but they are loading a default profile that they must have created already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest looking into this further, I haven't gotten to this point in building my automated tests, but it is coming soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T12:59:12.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10466" CreationDate="2016-06-22T15:14:39.670" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer Peter Masiar gave no longer works. This answer will result in the following exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;    File &quot;&quot;, line 1, in &#xA;    File &quot;/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py&quot;, line 245, in get&#xA;      self.execute(Command.GET, {'url': url})&#xA;    File &quot;/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py&quot;, line 233, in execute&#xA;      self.error_handler.check_response(response)&#xA;    File &quot;/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py&quot;, line 194, in check_response&#xA;      raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;  selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: unsupported protocol&#xA;    (Session info: chrome=51.0.2704.103)&#xA;    (Driver info: chromedriver=2.21.371459 (36d3d07f660ff2bc1bf28a75d1cdabed0983e7c4),platform=Mac OS X 10.11.3 x86_64)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to clear the &lt;code&gt;localStorage&lt;/code&gt; the &lt;code&gt;execute_script()&lt;/code&gt; method from &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; should be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver.execute_script('window.localStorage.clear();')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18945" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T15:14:39.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16267" CreationDate="2016-06-22T19:44:28.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was having the same issue. But after spending some time looking into testlink source code,I was able to connect teslink 1.9.14 with JIRA using Rest Api.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I did,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change hoststring  from &quot;'user/search/?username='&quot;  to &quot;'user/?username='&quot;  at line number 73 in File &quot;/var/www/html/testlink/third_party/fayp-jira-rest/Jira.php&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per JIRA Rest API to check whether user exist in system or not, the string should be &lt;a href=&quot;http://Jirainstance/rest/api/latest/user/?username=JIRAUser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://Jirainstance/rest/api/latest/user/?username=JIRAUser&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas Testlink is creating string as &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://Jirainstance/rest/api/latest/user/search/?username=JIRAUser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://Jirainstance/rest/api/latest/user/search/?username=JIRAUser&lt;/a&gt;. Which in result is returning a blank JSON, So testlink is returning connection as False. For me that is the cause of above problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18948" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T02:50:02.843" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T02:50:02.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20249" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-22T20:03:57.543" Score="13" ViewCount="44966" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am wondering, in software development testing, what is the difference between a bug and a defect? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T06:00:44.667" LastActivityDate="2019-08-27T07:59:26.970" Title="What is the difference between bug and defect?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-06-22T20:57:28.713" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Same thing.  No doubt there are companies that use those terms to mean different things, but their usage is not universal.  If someone asks you that question in an interview, you should be able to say, &quot;Where I work, the terms are interchangeable.  Do they mean something different here?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T20:57:28.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-06-22T21:58:06.803" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug, Defect, Issue, Fault, Incident, Ticket are all the same and are interchangeably used in organisations. People can debate and say they agree or disagree and quote references but the ground reality is, it does not matter what you call it as long as it is tracked, referenced as needed and ultimately fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience shows below:&#xA;In Bugzila you will see Field 'Bug Id,' in QC/HP ALM you will find field 'Defect ID' on Internal company specific Monitoring/Support tools you will see mainly 'Incident No:.' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T00:19:23.010" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T00:19:23.010" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13184" CreationDate="2016-06-22T22:45:38.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did it with a Java annotation processor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can write a Java annotation processor that runs every time you compile your project. An annotation processor can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Register which annotation types it wants the compiler to tell it about.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Examine each annotation and each annotated element (class, method, ...) to learn detailed information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write one or more files, with whatever output you want to write. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you write a processor that registers for &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; annotations, the compiler will call the processor with information about every &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; annotation found in the compiled files. If a given &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; annotation has a description, the description is readily available to the processor, and your processor can write the descriptions (and whatever other information you desire) to an output file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote my annotation processor for a client, so I'm afraid I can't point you to the source code. And my quick scan of the internet (three minutes) doesn't turn up an obviously good tutorial. Sorry I can't give detailed guidance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But look up Java annotation processing (in the Java 6+ &lt;code&gt;javax.annotation.processing&lt;/code&gt; package, not the older, obsolete 'apt' stuff).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastEditorUserId="117" LastEditDate="2016-06-22T22:53:55.597" LastActivityDate="2016-06-22T22:53:55.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-06-23T02:16:19.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In development testing perhaps no real difference if you stick to comparing the system to the spec. However many things are noticed and logged as defects that are not actually variances from the developer's intentions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term bug has been used for a long time. It really means whatever you notice about what you have built that isn't &quot;right&quot; yet. Edison famously &lt;a href=&quot;http://todayinsci.com/E/Edison_Thomas/EdisonThomas-Quotations.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;defines the term in an 1878 letter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: the dig at Grace Hopper on that reference irks me. Her log entry clearly showed she was familiar with the existing term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18954" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T02:16:19.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-06-23T09:26:49.020" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Countless definitions that make a distinction between 'bug' and 'defect' exist. They disagree with each other.&lt;/strong&gt; They include direct opposites (Bug is A, Defect is B versus Bug is B, Defect is A). To my knowledge, not a single one of these definitions is in wider use. Any distinction made between the terms will be specific to your company, maybe even specific to your group, in your department, in your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some who claim there is a clear difference, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/37029/difference-between-a-defect-and-a-bug-in-testing&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A bug is the result of a coding error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A defect is a deviation from the requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.careerride.com/Testing-bug-vs-defect.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;that one&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A bug is getting a problem at the time of testing, where as a defect is problem that got by the customer in production time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.websoftwareqa.com/2011/01/defects-vs-bugs-are-they-different/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;another one&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A defect is an effect, usually caused by human error, of writing&#xA;  correct code. [...] A bug is not a mistake in coding.  A bug is the&#xA;  system doing something that isn’t incorrect per se… but it wasn’t&#xA;  purposefully designed in and you didn’t see it coming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or from a comment on this answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Bug&quot; suggests that the problem, once noticed, is (or is believed to&#xA;  be) trivial to fix. &quot;Defect&quot; (as in &quot;defective by design&quot;) suggests&#xA;  that it is not, also that it is a consequence of imperfect&#xA;  specification or design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or from another answer in this thread:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[...] if the specification says software should do something and the software does that, it's not a bug. But if that makes the software unsuitable for its intended use, it's a defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even more definitions can be found in other answers of this thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These definitions are completely at odds with each other. They are also at odds with how I see the terms being used in reality. &lt;strong&gt;There is no consistent distinction between the terms that is used across any significant parts of the software industry.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only somewhat widely used definition is the one that doesn't make a distinction between bug and defect. Without further context of your work environment and their specialized usage of the terms, both 'defect' and 'bug' just mean: &quot;an issue someone encountered, or might possibly encounter, when using the software&quot;. But as one can see from the various other answers in this thread, that is not widespread enough to be called &quot;the definition&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T22:34:47.153" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20239" CreationDate="2016-06-23T11:11:45.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe &lt;em&gt;your xpath is wrong&lt;/em&gt;. You can use add-on FirePath for Firefox to get the xpath of the image. In order to let the link be clicked, your xpath should end with tag &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;, not &lt;code&gt;img&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, suppose xpath of the image is &lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='navbar_notice_6']/p/a/img&lt;/code&gt;, you should remove &lt;code&gt;/img&lt;/code&gt;, then your command in java will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='navbar_notice_6']/p/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18966" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:14:44.977" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:14:44.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20226" CreationDate="2016-06-23T11:28:01.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before doing control flow test, you need to draw a flowchart, then choose a coverage to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For statement coverage, you need to find paths (from start to end of flowchart) that go through all statements and the number of these paths is the smallest. In other words, if you run all paths you find out, all statements will be executed and the number of these paths is the smallest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For branch coverage, all paths you find out must cover all the lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For path coverage, you need to find all possible paths from start to end of the flowchart. There are 2 ways from start to E, 2 ways from E to end, then the total is 2*2 = 4.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18966" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T11:28:01.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-06-23T12:39:16.253" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree with the answers that suggest a bug and defect are the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software testing, a bug is an erroneous behaviour that results from a code defect.    A code defect is a flaw in the code that causes it not to correctly meet its corresponding specification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In comparison, a defect (used without qualification) is a deviation from specification or requirements.   A specification that is stated incorrectly is a defect - and code which correctly meets the stated specification would also be considered bug free.   A requirement that is not met by any code is also considered a defect (until code is written that correctly meets the requirement) - non-existent code cannot exhibit a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, a bug may be associated with a defect, since the presence of a bug may cause the code to deviate from its requirements.   But that doesn't mean they are the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18968" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T12:39:16.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-06-23T12:49:13.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The word bug comes from &lt;a href=&quot;http://thenextweb.com/shareables/2013/09/18/the-very-first-computer-bug/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the very first computer bug&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gmkDH.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gmkDH.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real bugs don't break computers anymore and overtime this analogy starts makes less and less sense. Therefor I have a mission to get rid of the term bug and always use defect for any software related issue and so should you :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is a persons perspective, everyone has a different opinion. I think this is the same with something being a defect or not. If you think it is broken then it is broken according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ted.com/talks/seth_godin_this_is_broken_1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Seth Godin&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in the classification of defects I would suggest to have a look at the classification process used in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/quality-functions/the-zero-bug-policy-b0bd987be684#.3bgu1wtu0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zero-defect policy&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-06-23T13:35:55.700" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T13:35:55.700" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12623" CreationDate="2016-06-23T14:09:13.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. Selenium automates browsers. That's it! You can check it on &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeleniumHQ&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Page. &#xA;Screenshot from the SeleniumHQ page below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/adnWu.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/adnWu.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6164" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T14:09:13.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-23T14:40:33.873" Score="0" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am doing functional testing of a web application, what are some attacks I can perform on input fields, forms, etc. that can cause the application to crash?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18970" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:07:21.043" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:07:21.043" Title="What are some Software Testing Attacks that can be used in black box testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-06-24T04:30:28.107" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-06-23T16:00:46.947" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the person who says there is no difference, I'd ask them this question: &quot;Say a particular piece of code causes a product to misbehave. There's certainly a bug in that piece of code. The code is not essential, so it's just commented out. Has the bug in the application been found and fixed? Is there still a defect in the application?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think most people will answer &quot;no&quot; and &quot;yes&quot;. We still haven't found the problem in that code or fixed it. But we've prevented it from causing a defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often there is no difference. Most defects are caused by bugs. Most bugs cause detects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bug is an error in a piece of code. It may not have any consequences, for example, it may trigger only in cases that do not occur in any product that uses that code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A defect is something wrong that causes unexpected behavior or makes something less suitable for its actual uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A defect is often caused by a bug but not always. For example, if the specification says software should do something and the software does that, it's not a bug. But if that makes the software unsuitable for its intended use, it's a defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bug may cause a defect but not always. For example, if the specification says a certain error case should be handled a certain way and the code doesn't do that, it's a bug in that code. But if the project that contains that code does can be shown to be incapable of producing that case, it's not a defect in that project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're talking specifically about development of code that will be used in various projects, there is no difference. Any bug has to be considered a defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18972" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T16:00:46.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20269" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-23T21:12:10.807" Score="0" ViewCount="2722" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O5Ym9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O5Ym9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am writing code to get state value from the drop-down and depending upon the state calculating the tax rate. I am using switch case statement to define the tax rate for each state. &#xA;I want to use selected state in the switch case statement, how I can do it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select stateSelect = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ddlState&quot;)));    &#xA;stateSelect.selectByVisibleText(state);&#xA;&#xA;double dl; &#xA;double taxrate =0; &#xA;switch(*****) // What I can write here inorder to get selected state&#xA;{ &#xA;    case &quot;British Columbia&quot;:&#xA;         taxrate = 0.05;&#xA;         break; &#xA;&#xA;    case &quot;Alberta&quot;:&#xA;         taxrate = 0.10;&#xA;         break; &#xA;        // And so on.....&#xA;} &#xA;taxprice= pprice*taxrate; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18691" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:13:53.083" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:13:53.083" Title="Switch case and dropdown in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20267" CreationDate="2016-06-23T22:10:31.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should make more clear what you want to know because you mixed two things up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me give you some hints.&#xA;On the one hand you want to know, how to do functional testing, especially &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-black-box-specification-based-also-known-as-behavioral-testing-techniques/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;black-box testing&lt;/a&gt;, to crash a (web) application.&#xA;To achieve that you should perform negative tests. In your case, if you want to manipulate input fields, forms etc. you define invalid input test data and use them as input for your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For example you want to test an input field where the user should type in his/her age. Let's assume you define your valid input data from 18-120 years. That would mean, everything &amp;lt;18 and &gt;120 are invalid inputs and useable for your negative tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you try to test the robustness of your application when manipulate it with invalid input test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand you mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-security-testing-in-software/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;security testing&lt;/a&gt; but this is non-functional testing. Simply, with security testing you test whether a system is secure or not. The way of doing it depends on many things like the domain, kind of application and so on.&#xA;In your case, a collection of tasks for web application can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Web_Application_Security_Testing_Cheat_Sheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web Application Security Testing Cheat Sheet&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastActivityDate="2016-06-23T22:10:31.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20271" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-24T05:52:52.307" Score="3" ViewCount="1076" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the project I am currently working on, there are more than 1000 testcases where the Execution type is set as Manual, as the project was tested manually for the last few years. With the initiation of mine, the project was totally automated and bridged(integrated) with an automation framework. while integrating the automation framework (Selenium based) with the TestLink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore with the initiation of automating all the testcase through the script, &lt;br&gt; I am in need of updating Execution type from &lt;strong&gt;Manual&lt;/strong&gt; to  &lt;strong&gt;Automated&lt;/strong&gt; in all the testcases in bulk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Execution type : Manual&lt;/strong&gt; --&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Execution type : Automated&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bjcow.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bjcow.png&quot; alt=&quot;ExecutionType&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any particular method that can be done to change the Execution Type &lt;strong&gt;in-one-go&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;br&gt; (without changing each testcase individually as it consumes a considerable amount of time)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10903" LastActivityDate="2018-09-14T09:11:48.577" Title="Bulk updating Execution Type in Testlink" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20271" CreationDate="2016-06-24T06:48:35.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can export the complete test cases to an xml file and then replace all Manual keyword with the Automated Keyword(You can do the bulk replace by using any of the text editor). Then again import these test cases to the test link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T06:48:35.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20273" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-24T08:20:57.803" Score="2" ViewCount="780" Body="&lt;p&gt;I joined a new company that is working on network equipments like Routers/switches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a product(a network switch) in end stage of development. This supports MPLS, OSPF, IS-IS and BGP protocols. &#xA;We have an existing regression testcase suite to run on daily builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is related to analyzing the test results.&#xA;We have seen that some of the testcases have different results (Pass/Fail) when run on the same build and with same inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you make out of it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The product is very buggy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The results do vary for testcases that involve network products. So don't bother??&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18982" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:12:32.640" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:12:32.640" Title="Regression testing for Network Equipments like Router/Switches" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-24T08:44:45.007" Score="0" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we have created some selenium code for web application testing. After completion of the script coding, can we create a java application or something like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18721" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-06-24T08:54:52.137" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T12:02:48.467" Title="can we create a software application for the full script of selenium coding we have done?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-07T10:33:09.897" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20274" CreationDate="2016-06-24T12:02:48.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can create an application to run your test scripts, when you create your test projects they are just libraries/dlls that you have created and they do work just like any other library/dll.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;add to references and you should be able to call specific tests and get their pass/fail value when they are finished.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T12:02:48.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20279" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-24T12:11:20.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Log file&lt;/strong&gt; contains information about events in a computer program, usually with a certain scope, in order to provide an audit trail that can be used to understand the activity of the system and to diagnose problems. Logs are essential to understand the activities of complex systems, particularly in the case of applications with little user interaction (such as server applications).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Examples:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples of physical systems which have logging subsystems include process control systems, and black box recorders installed in aircraft.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many operating systems and complex computer programs include some form of logging subsystem. In the simplest case, log messages are written to a log file. Most operating systems and software frameworks also provide more sophisticated services for logging. One example is the syslog service (described in RFC 3164), which allows the filtering and recording of log messages to be performed by a separate dedicated subsystem, rather than placing the onus on each application to provide its own ad hoc logging system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A server log&lt;/strong&gt; is a log file (or several files) automatically created and maintained by a server of activity performed by it. A typical example is a web server log which maintains a history of page requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An audit log&lt;/strong&gt; is a security-related log that provides documentary evidence of the sequence of activities that have affected at any time a specific operation, procedure, or event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T02:48:52.977" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T02:48:52.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20280" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-24T12:11:20.303" Score="0" Body="Log file contains information about events in a computer program, usually with a certain scope, in order to provide an audit trail that can be used to understand the activity of the system and to diagnose problems." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T02:48:37.927" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T02:48:37.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20282" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-24T20:09:49.963" Score="1" ViewCount="1347" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium and python, I was watching some videos on data driven and keyword driven tests, the instructor was using TestNG with selenium and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering are there any tools similar to TestNG but that I can write my scripts in python?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions on video tutorials for selenium with python?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17828" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:12:04.260" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:12:04.260" Title="Tools for Data Driven and Keyword driven tests in selenium with python?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-24T21:45:04.750" Score="2" ViewCount="1148" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying to learn Jmeter on my own and am a little confused. I utilized the template to record my script. My steps included navigating to various pages and making simple string changes. Ran through everything and all my steps were successful but no data was populated on the UI (the string values did not populate). Someone said it was probably because the website has a dynamic DOM (we use JS methods for Selenium). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I sincerely apologize if I haven't given enough info. Please let me know if you need it. If the dynamic DOM issue is correct, how can I rectify it? I have looked at xPath extractor and CSV data set but nothing substantial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18991" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T15:34:29.887" Title="Newbie to Jmeter. How to test a dynamic DOM?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20283" CreationDate="2016-06-24T22:01:43.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend that you avoid or heavily modify the recorded script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will do things like identify an element by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;body table tr tr tr tr td td td div.product_name (css)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;body//table/tr/tr/tr/tr/td/td/td/div[@class='product_name'] (css)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but neither of these is robust.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You should be looking to use selectors such as &lt;code&gt;div.product_name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem isn't with dynamic web sites, xpath or CSV data set, it's that you need to write a robust script and know what each and every step and every element locator does and how to write it in the best way, for example using the ID before class name, etc.  The difficulty of doing this will be commensurate with your experience in automating web pages and in programming generally in terms of creating organized structures.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are many issues and gotchas to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-06-24T22:01:43.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14094" CreationDate="2016-06-25T06:45:12.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In many cases selenium does not get the element even though it is present. script works some times and fails as well. This code works when actual element is present but selenium is not find it. I have create a loop for given count ant it returns true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt; public static bool waitTillElementisDisplayed(IWebDriver driver, By by, int timeoutInSeconds)&#xA;    {&#xA;        bool elementDisplayed = false;&#xA;&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; timeoutInSeconds; i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (timeoutInSeconds &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds));&#xA;                    wait.Until(drv =&amp;gt; drv.FindElement(by));&#xA;                }&#xA;                elementDisplayed = driver.FindElement(by).Displayed;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch&#xA;            { }&#xA;        }&#xA;        return elementDisplayed;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18994" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-31T13:23:42.520" LastActivityDate="2021-01-31T13:23:42.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20287" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-25T10:24:27.137" Score="1" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming I would like test for a default Apache server response at one point, and I would like to make it platform agnostic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For CentOS I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  def test_web_interface(self):&#xA;    self.driver.get(DEST_URL)&#xA;    self.assertIn('Apache HTTP Server Test Page powered by CentOS', self.driver.title)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for Debian I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  def test_web_interface(self):&#xA;    self.driver.get(DEST_URL)&#xA;    self.assertIn('Apache2 Debian Default Page: It works', self.driver.title)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The assertion string is the only difference in two tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I would like to avoid passing the &quot;tested platform&quot;-argument to the test, apart from checking the common string like &lt;code&gt;Apache&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Page&lt;/code&gt;, what would be a canonical way of including a disjunction inside such a unit test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16686" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T05:06:39.090" Title="A logical &quot;or&quot; inside a Selenium test case" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12389" CreationDate="2016-06-25T10:45:44.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your application doesn't provide an interface for object based UI automation (such as MS UIA), which seems that's the case for you, and if you can't follow Andy's very correct suggestion; then you should look for an image processing based tool. Sikuli is the first that comes to mind, being open source and very successful (and probably being used by some mainstream frameworks such as - if I'm not wrong - selenium), but you can direct your search among these criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15432" LastActivityDate="2016-06-25T10:45:44.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14094" CreationDate="2016-06-25T11:45:41.283" Score="-1" Body="&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-c# prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;//define method&#xA;public void WaitFindAndClick(IWebDriver parent, By by, int counter)&#xA;{&#xA;   bool Displayed = false;&#xA;&#xA;   for (int v = 0; v &amp;lt; counter; counter++)&#xA;   {&#xA;       try&#xA;       {&#xA;           Thread.Sleep(2000);&#xA;           WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;           wait.Until((d) =&amp;gt; { return parent.FindElement(by); });&#xA;&#xA;           Displayed = parent.FindElement(by).Displayed;&#xA;&#xA;           if (Displayed)&#xA;           {&#xA;               parent.FindElement(by).Click();&#xA;               break;&#xA;           }&#xA;       }&#xA;       catch&#xA;       {&#xA;       }&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// Call method&#xA;testutil.WaitFindAndClick(driver, By.Id(&amp;quot;btnApplyForFunding&amp;quot;), 10);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18994" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-31T13:23:32.993" LastActivityDate="2021-01-31T13:23:32.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2016-06-25T17:37:15.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple &lt;em&gt;ready2use&lt;/em&gt; snippet &gt; Working perfectly for me&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static void waitForPageLoad(WebDriver wdriver) {&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(wdriver, 60);&#xA;&#xA;    Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; pageLoaded = new Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;() {&#xA;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public boolean apply(WebDriver input) {&#xA;            return ((JavascriptExecutor) input).executeScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).equals(&quot;complete&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    };&#xA;    wait.until(pageLoaded);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-06-26T16:11:22.993" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T16:11:22.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20269" CreationDate="2016-06-25T18:26:16.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;'state' variable holds the name of the state you are about to select. Simply use this variable in switch statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;switch(state){&#xA;  //cases&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2016-06-25T18:26:16.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20273" CreationDate="2016-06-25T20:44:22.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ah, the bane of every tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should first remind you that you should control every factor to make them repeatable - which is a lot of effort. There's the environment (OS's, machines, connections/interfaces between them, then the application under test). Test fixtures are vitally important - setting the whole environment to a fixture in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you may find that instead of controlling all those factors, if you can - run the same set of tests a number of times and take a probabilistic view to comment on the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15432" LastActivityDate="2016-06-25T20:44:22.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17315" CreationDate="2016-06-25T21:21:19.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The short answer: Every test automation tool out there has some sort of test case management capability. So there's no need to list them down here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach:&#xA;I find it easier to list my requirements and code a solution myself instead of using a 3rd party framework. Re-inventing the wheel is generally the better solution. Yes you read me right. Each tool that you start using introduces a learning curve, their own jargon and mindset to learn, maintenance of its own that includes other stakeholders (such as purchasing), creates a dependence at many levels, etc. And programming languages and frameworks nowadays are good enough to start using your own implementation - of course this depends on your level of experience with your tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15432" LastActivityDate="2016-06-25T21:21:19.197" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20297" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-25T23:53:59.393" Score="4" ViewCount="4424" Body="&lt;p&gt;My &lt;strong&gt;Code&lt;/strong&gt; to launch Browser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.edge.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\selenium-drivers\\MicrosoftWebDriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(&quot;MicrosoftEdge&quot;, &quot;&quot;, Platform.WINDOWS);&#xA;driver = new EdgeDriver(capabilities);&#xA;driver.navigate().to(&quot;https://xyz.com&quot;);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Browser &amp;amp; System Info:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edge Browser Version: 25.10586.0.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System Info:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edition: Windows 10 Pro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version: 1511&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OS Build: 10586.420&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium Version:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2.53.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Driver:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Webdriver for Microsoft Edge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using both &quot;10240&quot; &amp;amp; &quot;10585&quot; versions of WebDriver but keep getting below error. The edge browser does launch &amp;amp; dies with below error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Reason for Failure:  Unknown error (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) Command duration or timeout: 5.03 seconds Build info: version: '2.53.0', revision: '35ae25b', time: '2016-03-15 16:57:40' System info: host: 'shaider-Win10', ip: '10.0.181.141', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_91' Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver&#xA;&#xA;Click Me to Show/Hide the Full Stack Trace&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Unknown error (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) &#xA;Command duration or timeout: 5.03 seconds &#xA;Build info: version: '2.53.0', revision: '35ae25b', time: '2016-03-15 16:57:40' &#xA;System info: host: 'shaider-Win10', ip: '10.0.181.141', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_91'    &#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver at &#xA;sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at &#xA;sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62) at &#xA;sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) at &#xA;java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423) at &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:206) at &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:158) at &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:678) at &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:249) at &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.(RemoteWebDriver.java:131) at &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.(RemoteWebDriver.java:144) at &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver.(EdgeDriver.java:152) at &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver.(EdgeDriver.java:120) at &#xA;com.pageobjects.BaseClass.LaunchBrowser(BaseClass.java:196) at  &#xA;sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at &#xA;sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at &#xA;sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at &#xA;java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at &#xA;org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:85) at &#xA;org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:510) at &#xA;org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:211) at &#xA;org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:585) at &#xA;org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:816) at &#xA;org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1124) at &#xA;org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125) at &#xA;org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:108) at &#xA;org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:774) at &#xA;org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:624) at &#xA;org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:359) at &#xA;org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:354) at &#xA;org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:312) at &#xA;org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:261) at &#xA;org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52) at &#xA;org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86) at &#xA;org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1215) at &#xA;org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1140) at &#xA;org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1048) at &#xA;org.testng.TestNG.privateMain(TestNG.java:1355) at &#xA;org.testng.TestNG.main(TestNG.java:1324) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help will be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19002" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T12:06:45.157" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T06:20:42.573" Title="Getting Unknown error While Using latest Verison of Selenium With Microsoft Edge Browser" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20226" CreationDate="2016-06-26T10:06:23.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's start with the basic stuff.&#xA;Your provided &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowchart&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;flow chart&lt;/a&gt; is simply another representation of example code 1. Every control flow is represented as edge (here line) and connects always two nodes (here statements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In contrast to &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-black-box-specification-based-also-known-as-behavioral-testing-techniques/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;black-box testing&lt;/a&gt; you know the program code that you want to test in &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-white-box-or-structure-based-or-structural-testing-techniques/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;white-box testing&lt;/a&gt;. In your example you take the code under test and determine its statement, branch and path &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-test-coverage-in-software-testing-its-advantages-and-disadvantages/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;coverage&lt;/a&gt;. It is always helpful to do that with a graphical representation of your code as @vhreal stated.&#xA;In general whatever coverage you have, you try to maximize it (means 100% coverage).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you do it? From the beginning of your program (flow chart) you try to reach the end of your program. That is called path. In between you try to reach a 100% coverage of whatever you are currently looking at. Let's do it once for the statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Statement 1 is your starting point. The only outgoing edge of statement 1 is A -&gt; 1A&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Statement 2 is a condition. We have two possible ways to go -&gt; 2B and 2C&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you took 2B the branching ends in &lt;em&gt;end if&lt;/em&gt;. There is only edge E to go on -&gt; E&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you took 2C you reach statement 3. Again only one outgoing edge D -&gt; 3D&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As result we have 4 different ways of going through the flow chart:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1A -&gt; 2B -&gt; E -&gt; 4F&lt;/strong&gt; (= 60% statement coverage)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1A -&gt; 2B -&gt; E -&gt; 4G -&gt; 5H&lt;/strong&gt; (= 80% statement coverage)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1A -&gt; 2C -&gt; 3D -&gt; E -&gt; 4F&lt;/strong&gt; (= 80% statement coverage)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1A -&gt; 2C -&gt; 3D -&gt; E -&gt; 4G -&gt; 5H&lt;/strong&gt; (= 100% statement coverage)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As your objective is to reach a 100% coverage rate with the smallest number of test cases you would only take path 4. That was easy but it would be more difficult to decide what paths to take for a overall 100% statement coverage if each of the 4 paths would have a statement coverage &amp;lt;100%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T10:06:23.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20273" CreationDate="2016-06-26T17:35:23.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say neither; you need to understand why you're getting different results for some of the tests, and either improve the tests, so they always pass/fail as they're supposed to, or remove them from your regression bucket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Improving the tests might mean changing the way you do regression testing; one common reason for things to fail sometimes, but not others, is because there's some sort of interference from other testcase(s) running at the same time, but if you run the test by itself, it runs successfully.  Another possibility is that order matters, and the test case needs to reset some system option or something similar that some other testcase has changed during its run.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having testcases in a regression bucket that you ignore isn't very useful:  regression testcases are there to tell you whether you broke one thing while fixing/changing something else, and if you have a regression test case that works 90% of the time, it failing doesn't tell you anything useful, unless you want to dig into the output every time to figure out why it failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, depending on the type of testing you're doing, this approach may differ; if you're doing load/stress testing, for example, a probabilistic approach to analyzing test case failures may be appropriate, as you'd expect that at least some portion of the time, the system would be too busy to, say, respond to a new packet coming in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T17:35:23.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20303" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:02:19.163" Score="1" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently testing a Web API that delivers JSON content that I am validating the results for with defined JSON files.  This works well.  We know what the request is, can develop a query that should give us similar results, and verify against those results within a JSON structure.  All well and good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This started a discussion on whether or not we test the underlying Sprocs that feed into the API.  In general the API does some dynamic query building that basically queries a set of stored procedures that run against a schema I will call CustData.  We do have tests that check for data insertion, as well as the stored procedures that populate all the tables in the CustData schema.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see where its necessary to test the stored procedures that return the data from CustData, but since we know what's in the table already and the WebAPI basically delivers the data the point was made that we would be testing the stored procedures twice.  Especially since the stored procedures list is intended to grow, its a question of do we spend the time on the stored procedures and the Web APIs, doing double testing (which is ok in my opinion if we can get the time for it) or do we treat the middle like a black box and just deal with the data insertion and the Web APIs (which also meets some task requirements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone in a similar environment able to throw some examples on this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T05:26:56.873" Title="Any advice on testing sprocs that feed into an API?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;data-warehouse-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20304" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:12:33.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The transformation of information between two parties.&#xA;The channel of communication can be visual, auditory, tactile (such as in Braille) and haptic, olfactory, Kinesics, electromagnetic, or biochemical. Human communication is unique for its extensive use of abstract language.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. Verbal Communication&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. Non Verbal Communication&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:11.140" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:11.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20305" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:12:33.710" Score="0" Body="Transfer of Information : The act of conveying intended meanings from one entity or group to another through the use of mutually understood signs and semiotic rules." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:38.273" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:38.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20306" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:15:06.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Graphical form showing the flow of processes and/or data between systems and subsystems.  Typically done with boxes for processes, diamonds for decisions and arrows to link and indicate direction of flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T02:48:35.053" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T02:48:35.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20307" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:15:06.020" Score="0" Body="Graphics used to present the flow of data and processes" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T02:48:56.023" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T02:48:56.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20308" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:17:58.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://angularjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AngularJS&lt;/a&gt; is an open-source JavaScript framework for building &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Create,_read,_update_and_delete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CRUD&lt;/a&gt;-centric &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajax_(programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AJAX&lt;/a&gt;-style web applications. Its goal is to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shim_(computing)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;shim&lt;/a&gt; the browser to augment the HTML vocabulary with &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/directive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;directives&lt;/a&gt; useful for building dynamic web applications. The next version is &lt;code&gt;2.0&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Angular ships with directives which add two-way data binding, DOM control and unrolling, code-behind DOM, form validation, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_linking&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deep linking&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AngularJS was developed and is maintained by Google, and is used internally by 1600+ apps. The initial release took place in 2009.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;AngularJS's Philosophy&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The AngularJS philosophy encourages developers to create their own directives, turning the HTML into a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DSL&lt;/a&gt; suited to building their kind of application. The result significantly reduces the amount and complexity of JavaScript needed to build web applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The AngularJS philosophy is that UI is best described in declarative form (HTML), and that behavior is best described in imperative form (JavaScript) and that the two should never meet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The AngularJS philosophy encourages developers to design their client architecture using advanced software principals like dependency injection, separation of concerns, testability, and a file structure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Notable features&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Teach your browser new tricks by adding behavior to HTML tags/attributes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Controllers provide code-behind DOM with clear separation from the view&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Two-way data binding without the need to extend or wrap the model objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dependency injection assembles the application &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.angularjs.org/2012/08/getting-rid-of-main.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;without &lt;code&gt;'main'&lt;/code&gt; method&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Promises/futures remove many callbacks from code when communicating with server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Directives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Views and routes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Form validation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Strong focus on testability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extend HTML with your own behavior&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Angular uses spinal-case for its custom attributes and camelCase for the corresponding directives which implement them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-08-16T05:57:59.717" LastActivityDate="2018-08-16T05:57:59.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20309" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:17:58.803" Score="0" Body="AngularJS is an open-source JavaScript framework. Its goal is to augment browser-based applications with Model–View–* (MVW, MVVM, MVC) capability and reduce the amount of JavaScript needed to make web applications functional. These types of apps are also frequently known as Single-Page Applications." OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T11:36:21.303" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T11:36:21.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20310" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:20:43.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A DVCS (Distributed Version Control System) that allow for different people to make changes to files and for the changes by one person to be bundled together in 'commits' that can then be applied or undone at will.  It allows for separate copies of the code in 'branches' that can then be merged back into the main code (itself a branch, usually called master) as needed.  It allows for offline work and it is amazing space efficent due to compression and only storing delta changes for branches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T02:48:46.773" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T02:48:46.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20311" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-06-26T19:20:43.803" Score="0" Body="A system that records changes to code" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T02:48:59.087" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T02:48:59.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20303" CreationDate="2016-06-26T21:36:39.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without knowing how complicated your stored procedures and Web APIs are, it is hard to know whether my environment is similar to yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your tests serve two purposes: to find bugs, and to narrow down where the bug might be.  If someone changes the Web APIs to use the stored procedures in a new way, and the change is buggy, it may be unclear whether the problem is in the stored procedures or the Web API.  You might ask yourself how you would go about narrowing down a problem in that situation.  If you believe your current tests would suffice, you should not spend time writing more.  If you aren't sure, you might want to unit-test the stored procedures separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your choices are not black and white.  You could unit-test stored procedures that are complicated or non-obvious.  You could choose to not unt-test stored procedures that are simple and obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-06-26T21:36:39.423" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20315" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-27T08:31:02.693" Score="1" ViewCount="288" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have many test scenarios with their steps written as Cucumber features. Each time I start developing new scenario, I have to read through different feature files and try to find whether I have the step I need already implemented by me in another scenario or will I have to create it from scratch. Moreover, as each step obviously depends on one more other steps (&lt;em&gt;e.g. you can't perform any operations before you log in&lt;/em&gt;), this process sometimes become very tedious and prone to errors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I thought that if there was some tool that I could input my steps with their respective dependencies into and it could give the dependencies tree as an output, that would've been very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I am sure that something like that already exists and possibly has a name. Does that sounds familiar to anyone? Any ideas what tools are there that can help me with test steps management?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2551" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T10:59:40.563" Title="Test scenarios steps dependencies management" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20283" CreationDate="2016-06-27T15:34:29.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The explanation is at &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter project main page&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter is not a browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter is not a browser. As far as web-services and remote services are concerned, JMeter looks like a browser (or rather, multiple browsers); however JMeter does not perform all the actions supported by browsers. In particular, &lt;strong&gt;JMeter does not execute the Javascript found in HTML pages&lt;/strong&gt;. Nor does it render the HTML pages as a browser does (it's possible to view the response as HTML etc., but the timings are not included in any samples, and only one sample in one thread is ever viewed at a time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to figure out how should the values be populated. If they're present in DOM but not displayed, i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_display_visibility.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hidden via styles&lt;/a&gt;, you should be good to proceed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if the values are populated from the result of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/ajax/ajax_xmlhttprequest_send.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AJAX&lt;/a&gt; request - it need to be handled separately. JMeter is capable of executing HTTP requests, no matter whether they are driven by AJAX or not, but JMeter doesn't actually render anything. So just make sure that your test is &lt;strong&gt;realistic&lt;/strong&gt; and requests that are being sent by JMeter match the ones, sent by a browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733719-How-to-make-JMeter-behave-more-like-a-real-browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Make JMeter Behave More Like A Real Browser&lt;/a&gt; article for few tips and tricks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-06-27T15:34:29.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20315" CreationDate="2016-06-27T20:12:11.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about steps dependency management tool, but we can check if step def exits for scenario in a feature file.&#xA;One way is to check is by having a dry run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Cucumber.Options (dryRun = true)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dry run will ensures that you have step definition for your scenarios without actually running it. This approach may not work always, depending on how you structure your scenario, but its still worth a try nonetheless. Let me know, if it works for you or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastEditorUserId="18311" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T01:02:14.153" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T01:02:14.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20319" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-28T02:04:56.103" Score="1" ViewCount="31493" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting this error although I have added all the the libraries and dependencies as jar files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error shows like this : Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/common/base/Function&#xA;    at chrome_browsertest.main(chrome_browsertest.java:10)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.google.common.base.Function&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)&#xA;    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)&#xA;... 1 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/okGbE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/okGbE.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshot of IDE&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19028" LastEditorUserId="5670" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T06:51:50.663" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:11:00.950" Title="No java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError for com.google.common.base.Function" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-10-06T20:22:29.800" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20320" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20335" CreationDate="2016-06-28T06:10:07.533" Score="-2" ViewCount="588" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;package com.MainExecutionforWordpress;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import com.AD.Wordpress.Login.CallLoginPageElementsHere;&#xA;import com.AddNewUser.AddNewUserLogic;&#xA;import com.AddNewUser.RetrieveNewUserData;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class TestWordpressHere&#xA;{&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; CallLoginPageElementsHere login = new CallLoginPageElementsHere();&#xA; AddNewUserLogic addnew = new AddNewUserLogic();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;dprovider&quot;)&#xA;  public void Wordpress_Execution_starts_here(String username, String password )&#xA;  {&#xA;    // try below approach also to open the browser&#xA;      login.callinsetupmethod();&#xA;      login.Login(username,password);&#xA;      Assert.assertEquals(true, login.IsatHomepage());&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@DataProvider&#xA;  public String[][] dprovider()&#xA;  {&#xA;      String [][] user = new String[1][2];&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// i stands for number of times test case should run&#xA;// j stands for number of parameters it should send at one go&#xA;  user[0][0] = &quot;admin&quot;;&#xA;  user[0][1] = &quot;tarunkamina&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;return user;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;userdataprovider&quot;)&#xA;  public void NewUserWillBeAddedFromHere(String newuser, String EmailId, String fname, String lname, String websitename)&#xA;  {&#xA;      AddNewUserLogic.AddNewUserHere(newuser, EmailId, fname, lname, websitename);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;// Add New User Repository&#xA;package com.AddNewUser;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import com.SetUpMethodRepo.DriverMethod;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class AddNewUserRepo&#xA;{&#xA;    public static WebElement UsersObjXpath()&#xA;    {&#xA;        return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='menu-users']/a/div[3]&quot;));&#xA;    }&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static WebElement AddNewObjXpath()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='menu-users']/ul/li[3]/a&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public static WebElement UsernameFieldObjXpath()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='user_login']&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public static WebElement EmailFieldObjXpath()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='email']&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public static WebElement FirstNameObjXpath()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='first_name']&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public static WebElement LastNameObjXpath()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='last_name']&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public static WebElement WebSiteObjXpath()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='url']&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public static WebElement UncheckTheCheckBox()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='send_user_notification']&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public static WebElement AddNewUserObjXpath()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='createusersub']&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public static WebElement NewUserCreated()&#xA;{&#xA;    return DriverMethod.driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='message']/p&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;// // Add New User Logic&#xA;package com.AddNewUser;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class AddNewUserLogic&#xA;{&#xA;  public static  void AddNewUserHere(String newuser, String EmailId, String fname, String lname, String websitename)&#xA;  {&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.UsersObjXpath().click();&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.AddNewObjXpath().click();&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.UsernameFieldObjXpath().sendKeys(newuser);&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.EmailFieldObjXpath().sendKeys(EmailId);&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.FirstNameObjXpath().sendKeys(fname);&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.LastNameObjXpath().sendKeys(lname);&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.WebSiteObjXpath().sendKeys(websitename);&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.UncheckTheCheckBox().click();&#xA;      AddNewUserRepo.AddNewUserObjXpath().click();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public static  boolean Check_If_NewUser_Is_Created() // Validating new user&#xA;  {&#xA;      if(AddNewUserRepo.NewUserCreated().getText().contains(&quot;New user created&quot;))&#xA;      {&#xA;        return true;&#xA;      }&#xA;      else&#xA;      {&#xA;          return false;&#xA;      }&#xA;  }&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;package com.AddNewUser;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import java.util.Iterator;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import org.apache.commons.configuration.ConfigurationException;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.configuration.PropertiesConfiguration;&#xA;import org.openqa.jetty.start.Main;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class RetrieveNewUserData&#xA;{&#xA;  public static String [][] FetchUserDataFromHere()&#xA;  {&#xA;      String filepath = System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;)+ &quot;\src\test\resources\NewUserData.properties&quot;;&#xA;      System.out.println(filepath);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  try {&#xA;    PropertiesConfiguration conf = new PropertiesConfiguration(filepath);&#xA;    Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; itr = conf.getKeys();&#xA;&#xA;      String [][] user = new String[1][5];&#xA;      while(itr.hasNext())&#xA;      {&#xA;          for(int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 1; i++)&#xA;          {&#xA;              for(int j = 0; j &amp;lt; 5; j++)&#xA;              {&#xA;                 user[i][j]= conf.getString(itr.next()) ;&#xA;              }&#xA;          }&#xA;          System.out.println(&quot;Inside While loop....&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;      return user;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;} catch (ConfigurationException e) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; return null;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    FetchUserDataFromHere();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;user data&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;// Setup method&#xA;package com.SetUpMethodRepo;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class DriverMethod&#xA;{&#xA;  public static WebDriver driver = null;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public static void SetUp()&#xA;  {&#xA;      driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;      driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;      driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;      driver.get(&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://abhidwi.byethost17.com/wp/wp-admin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://abhidwi.byethost17.com/wp/wp-admin/&lt;/a&gt;&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; // driver.get(&quot;http://abhidwi.byethost17.com/wp/wp-admin/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&#xA;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19029" LastEditorUserId="19029" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T09:04:39.800" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T20:37:24.540" Title="Not able to find the element to click | Selenium Webdriver | Add New User Issue | Getting java.lang.nullpointerexception" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="15" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-07T10:32:13.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20325" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-28T08:50:48.703" Score="-1" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to know what is  the last xpath value on an element?? How can we count the number of elements present with this xpath value which just differs with li [ Values ] ??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='name']/div/div[2]/fieldset/div[47]/ul/li[&quot;+i+&quot;]/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[5]/span[1]/span[1]/span&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here i starts with 0 , and if max i value =6 then how to get that the last xpath value of the element has i value=6?? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19032" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-06-29T03:27:03.237" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T03:27:03.237" Title="Selenium Automation Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20325" CreationDate="2016-06-28T09:32:36.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I wouldn't go with the xpath but instead create a list of the WebElements via driver.getElements(By.tagName(&quot;li&quot;)) but if you're hellbend on using xpaths you could use a simple try catch structure to see if the current element exists and let it return the last existing path. I'd try something along the lines of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static String getLastElement(){&#xA;    String LastValidPath = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;    String xpathstart= &quot;.//*[@id='name']/div/div[2]/fieldset/div[47]/ul/li[&quot;;&#xA;    String xpathEnd=&quot;]/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[5]/span[1]/span[1]/span&quot;))&quot;;&#xA;    int value = 0;&#xA;    Boolean found = false;&#xA;    while(found == false){&#xA;        String CurrentXpath = (xpathStart + value + xpathEnd);&#xA;        try{&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(CurrentXpath));&#xA;            LastValidPath = CurrentXpath;&#xA;        }catch(NoSuchElementException e){&#xA;            found = true;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    return LastValidPath;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This function looks up the given path and saves it as LastValidPath if the Path exists, if the Path doesn´t exist it throws a NoSuchElementException, breaks out of the loop and returns the last Path that existed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastEditorUserId="18800" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T10:00:49.257" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T10:00:49.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20325" CreationDate="2016-06-28T11:52:56.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an XPath function called &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms256083(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Last()&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So try something along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.//*[@id='name']/div/div[2]/fieldset/div[47]/ul/&lt;strong&gt;li[last()]&lt;/strong&gt;/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[5]/span&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms256083(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;/span&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms256083(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;/span&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: you might have to put the entire first section (including the &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt;) in parentheses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T11:52:56.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9735" CreationDate="2016-06-28T13:05:14.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test plan details what, when, how, who, and more of a testing project. It should outline the general strategy and provide someone with enough information to allow them to get started whit the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After commonly being asked what details should be included in a test plan here at TestLodge, we have put together an &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/document/d/1F1TUX5BkviRbw8auI2Xq2K2wyGTS-Ag14DRymiELmzc/edit?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example test plan&lt;/a&gt; based on the IEEE 829 format which has been mentioned in previous posts here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We generally believe that documents like this should be lightweight and not span on for pages and pages, but this will depend on what you are actually testing and the scope.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To find out a little more about this example along with viewing it in alternative formats please take a look at our recent &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.testlodge.com/what-is-a-test-plan-in-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;test plan blog post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T13:05:14.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20047" CreationDate="2016-06-28T13:44:06.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   client.elementSwipeWhileNotFound(&quot;NATIVE&quot;, &quot;id=nav_drawer&quot;, &quot;Down&quot;, 0, 2000, &quot;NATIVE&quot;, &quot;text=History&quot;, 0, 1000, 5, true))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or normal scroll method available to use-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  client.scroll(500,500);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19034" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T13:44:06.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20047" CreationDate="2016-06-28T13:47:51.260" Score="-1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   executor.swipeWhileNotFound(direction, offset, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19034" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T13:47:51.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20331" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20341" CreationDate="2016-06-28T13:56:24.243" Score="1" ViewCount="2108" Body="&lt;p&gt;MSDN page &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/dd380742&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Supported Configurations and Platforms for Coded UI Tests and Action Recordings&lt;/a&gt; tells that Java platform is not supported. But now Java development is possible with Visual Studio Team Services (VSTS) and Team Foundation Server (TFS) (&lt;a href=&quot;https://java.visualstudio.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://java.visualstudio.com/&lt;/a&gt;) so it is strange for me that in Coded UI Test there is no Java GUI testing support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to record actions for Java GUI in Microsoft Test Manager and it handles the task quite well (but this tool is primarily for manual testing and recording is just to help handle manual test steps). Still there is a possibility to export MTM tests to CodedUI tests in C# so may be there is something wrong in Coded UI Test support matrix? And it is possible to use MS Coded UI Test framework to test Java GUI application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: I do not have VS Ultimate or Premium to check this feature (Coded UI Tests is only available in them)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T14:02:57.610" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T04:32:39.980" Title="Is it possible to use MS Coded UI Test framework to test Java GUI application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;java-gui&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20331" CreationDate="2016-06-28T14:33:04.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/downloads/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;download&lt;/a&gt; a 90-day trail of Visual Studio 2015 enterprise to test it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Coded UI testing framework relies on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_UI_Automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microsoft UI Automation&lt;/a&gt; framework. Any GUI tool that does not implement MS UI Automation hooks cannot be automated with Coded UI. It seems the Java SWT uses native windows controls and this should be automatable with Coded UI according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/16299771/1088584&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if the Java GUI uses native elements it could work, other-wise not. Guess this is way its not in the matrix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked with libraries that didn't implement this and I could not automate them. I wrote a very simple &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/CodedUI/blob/master/ImageLocator.vb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Image-based testing class&lt;/a&gt; for Coded UI that could help working with this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T14:33:04.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17532" CreationDate="2016-06-28T19:00:53.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is helpful to know or have done some of the most popular automation techniques out there to advance or get the best jobs out there. I agree with many here that manual testing can be a great under-sought skill, but those doing the hiring love automation because of the perceived (and often very real) time savings it offers. As testers, we are often at the tail end of a release cycle and the blame falls on us too often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also not the strongest programmer out there, even though I've been a software engineer for a short time. Just give any of the popular automation test methodologies a try whenever you can and be patient. Over time (and some internet searches), you'll slowly pick up more and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion to your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Much of the time, yes. You say you grasp the ideas behind automation but are not an expert. To me, just dive in, admit you need help,  and ask questions and do your best!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take every new task you can and add it to your personal toolkit. Also, do things like make the best reports, log the most bugs you can, support your coworkers, and show you are a leader.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See #1 and #2 above.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think writing and communication are key. Also, for me I became very good at setting up networks and network analysis, something many people I worked with did not know or understand. It made me stand out and look knowledgeable. Is here something similar at your job?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14803" LastEditorUserId="14803" LastEditDate="2016-06-28T19:10:06.857" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T19:10:06.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18376" CreationDate="2016-06-28T19:54:44.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Separate your actions on a webpage from test cases. Follow Page object pattern/framework.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can use junit or testNg unit testing framework to write your test cases. I would advise you to use testNg as gives you lot of flexibility.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now you like to validate all 8 steps that you want to execute, now the question is what if first step fails, what do you want to do next?&#xA;a) Do you want to fail a test case and stop the execution there? Or, &#xA;b)You want to execute all the steps without worrying its validation status and report status at the end?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For (a) its very straightforward, use &lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(actual, expect)&lt;/code&gt; method.&#xA;If you want to follow (b) then you would like to use soft Assertion which will allow you to execute all the steps and it report cumulative status in the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For soft Assertions using junit, find out details &lt;a href=&quot;http://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/core/api/org/assertj/core/api/SoftAssertions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;For test, find it &lt;a href=&quot;http://javadox.com/org.testng/testng/6.8/org/testng/asserts/SoftAssert.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T19:54:44.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20320" CreationDate="2016-06-28T20:37:24.540" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of me investigating what happens in this particular case, I think it will be more helpful for this and similar questions to understand how to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3988788/what-is-a-stack-trace-and-how-can-i-use-it-to-debug-my-application-errors&quot;&gt;read stacktrace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1239150/looking-for-an-easier-way-to-write-debugging-print-statements-in-java&quot;&gt;see an actual value of your variable&lt;/a&gt; (i.e., debug with &lt;code&gt;System.out.println()&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;read from JavaDoc for Java API, what each exception means, e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/NullPointerException.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That will be useful to you not only in this particular case but also in your further adventure with test automation and generally programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to pair with a programmer in your company or your city and learn from him or her. My experience is that watching how someone else  investigating a problem is much better way to learn things than explaining that here. This is a classical example of tacit knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-06-28T20:37:24.540" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20325" CreationDate="2016-06-29T00:19:54.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you really need to count the number of elements (or get the index of the last one)...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of &lt;code&gt;findElement()&lt;/code&gt;, use &lt;code&gt;findElements()&lt;/code&gt; to find all of the &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt; elements. That returns a list. The size of the list tells you how many&#xA;there are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't really need the index, but need only to retrieve the last one, try FDM's answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T00:19:54.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-06-29T08:32:57.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having used many different issue tracking tools, it is common for all these terms 'defect', 'bug', 'issue' etc... to simply be considered as the same thing and you will find that by default they all simply define one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So based on this I would suggest the majority of people would consider them the same thing too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2016-06-29T08:32:57.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20331" CreationDate="2016-06-29T12:05:58.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The support matrix is right: &lt;strong&gt;Java GUI testing is not supported by Coded UI Test&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generated code from recoded MTM test-case uses native &lt;code&gt;Windows OS&lt;/code&gt; elements to work with and all actions (mouse clicks &amp;amp; key typing) are linked to them, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&#xA;Mouse.Click(someClient, new Point(239, 90));&#xA;Mouse.Click(someClient, new Point(139, 193));&#xA;Mouse.Click(someTitleBar, MouseButtons.Right, ModifierKeys.None, new Point(233, 9));&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MTM can record actions on Java GUI just because it uses &lt;code&gt;Mouse.Click(obj, point)&lt;/code&gt; and key typing events, the first one uses coordinates from GUI elements that treated like Windows native (window &amp;amp; it's titlebar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T12:52:53.323" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T12:52:53.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20238" CreationDate="2016-06-29T12:58:03.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checking Website for broken links and Spell check is considered an important part of Manual testing teams at software testing company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing it manually would be a nightmare, so today we’re going to look at a few tools to automate these type testing services which can speed things up for a manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Checking Website for broken links and Spell check on a regular basis is important because nobody likes a broken link. It’s a bad experience for your website visitors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are some tools to validate the spell check and broken links on the website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Broken link testing tools:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;1. Check my links(Chrome extension for validating links)&#xA;Check My Links is a link checker that crawls through your web page and looks for broken links. 'Check My Links' is an extension developed primarily for web designers, developers and content editors.&#xA;When you're editing a web page that has lots of links, wouldn't it be handy to be able to quickly check that all the links on the page are working fine?&#xA;That's where 'Check My Links' comes in. 'Check My Links' quickly finds all the links on a web page and checks each one for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It highlights which ones are valid and which ones are broken, simple as that.&#xA;HTTP response codes and full URLs of broken links are published in the Console log&#xA;(Found in: 'Chrome &gt; Tools &gt; Javascript Console' or Ctrl+Shift+J).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latest version of this extension has optional 'warnings' for empty href attributes, trailing #s and anchor tags. Also, invalid links can now be dumped into the console in CSV format for export.&#xA;Sets 'nofollow' default to false on first run &amp;amp; checks for the existence of either ID or Name attributes on pages linked to using URL fragments.&#xA;You can optionally check rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; links, anchor links are now also validated, GET is now the default request method and you can now close the report box and re-run the checking process multiple times without any weirdness.&#xA;You can now optionally cache valid links (green coloured, HTTP 200). This means the extension will always consider them valid each time you run the checking process, and therefore check only the red (broken) links each time.&#xA;Using this tool will make web pages checking A LOT faster and easier for broken links. It is one of the best comprehensive tools for validating links on websites.&#xA;Other online link checking tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ScreamingFrog Spider SEO: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.screamingfrog.co.uk/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.screamingfrog.co.uk/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xenu Link Sleuth: &lt;a href=&quot;http://xenus-link-sleuth.en.softonic.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://xenus-link-sleuth.en.softonic.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google Chrome Page Checking Plugin: Check My Links&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Online Domain Tools: &lt;a href=&quot;http://website-link-checker.online-domain-tools.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://website-link-checker.online-domain-tools.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SortSite - Error and Link Checking: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.powermapper.com/products/sortsite/checks/link-checker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.powermapper.com/products/sortsite/checks/link-checker/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;W3C: &lt;a href=&quot;https://validator.w3.org/checklink&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://validator.w3.org/checklink&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dead Link checker: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.deadlinkchecker.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.deadlinkchecker.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Online Broken Link Checker: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brokenlinkcheck.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.brokenlinkcheck.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dr Link Checker: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.drlinkcheck.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.drlinkcheck.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spell Checking&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spell Checker (Firefox Add-on):&lt;/strong&gt; Checks the (whole) web page (and not the text inside edit box) for spelling mistakes and highlights it.&#xA;It checks the Spelling mistakes all over the web page. It uses Firefox's inbuilt dictionary to check the spellings.&#xA;There are many sites available which check the spelling mistake on the website but for that, you must have your site live.&#xA;But what to do when a site is under construction and you are testing it. To copy whole page text and past into some utility that checks the spelling mistakes is tedious work to do. This add-on will help you in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To check spelling in other languages you will have to download the dictionaries, you can down it from here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/language-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/language-tools/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: this add-on works with ASCII character only (mean would work with some languages only)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spell Checker (Chrome Extension):&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Spell Checker extension for Chrome. It's easy to use and fast.&#xA;This extension supports 12 languages for spell check. It's a tool to check spellings of words and come up with suggestions for misspelt words.&#xA;* User defined shortcuts, colour&#xA;* User dictionary support&#xA;* Chrome context menu support&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other Spell link checking tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;respel: &lt;a href=&quot;http://respelt.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://respelt.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ninjas: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.internetmarketingninjas.com/online-spell-checker.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.internetmarketingninjas.com/online-spell-checker.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JsSpell: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jspell.com/public-spell-checker.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.jspell.com/public-spell-checker.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkdog: &lt;a href=&quot;http://checkdog.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://checkdog.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SEO Chat:&lt;a href=&quot;http://tools.seochat.com/tools/free-spell-checker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://tools.seochat.com/tools/free-spell-checker/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;typosaur: &lt;a href=&quot;http://typosaur.us/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://typosaur.us/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SortSite - Website Spell Checking: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.powermapper.com/products/sortsite/checks/website-spell-checker/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.powermapper.com/products/sortsite/checks/website-spell-checker/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;spellcheckplus: &lt;a href=&quot;http://spellcheckplus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://spellcheckplus.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;W3C: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/2002/01/spellchecker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/2002/01/spellchecker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which tool is best for you?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choosing the right tool will depend on your needs.&#xA;Consider these things below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•    How complex is your website?: &#xA;Large websites will take longer to scan, and a desktop app may not be up to the challenge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•    What are you trying to accomplish?: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you just looking for broken links, or are you trying to make your website more usable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;•    How frequently are you running scans? &#xA;Is this a recurring task or a one-time audit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keeping these things in mind will help you select the right tool to validate the Spell check and broken links for websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T19:35:17.963" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T19:35:17.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20354" CreationDate="2016-06-29T18:33:05.503" Score="1" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I have a Listbox on the page with an associated record count, scenarios would be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No Records&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Displaying 1 Record(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Displaying 1-14 of X Records&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However when I try &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; on this element it returns the above string plus all entries which exist in the listbox, see image:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S0Tyh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S0Tyh.png&quot; alt=&quot;Web App ListBox/Record Count&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; returns the record count and every listbox entry for that page in question. e.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1-15 of 152 Records&#xA;\\\&#xA;\\\\\\\\&#xA;\\\\\\\\\\&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im making a generic method to return my record count in every scenario, my thought is to grab it and trim the string down by characters and run it through a few if statements to cover every possible scenario as the text can vary quite substantially based on the record count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I mad? is there a much better way to handle this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aPvYk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aPvYk.png&quot; alt=&quot;Div Code&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T16:29:49.733" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T16:29:49.733" Title="What is the most effective method of storing the value in this string?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18027" CreationDate="2016-06-30T09:30:48.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles =driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = handles.iterator();&#xA;&#xA;String parent = it.next();&#xA;String child = it.next();&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(child);&#xA;&#xA;//perform actions on child window&#xA;//perform actions on child window&#xA;&#xA;driver.close(); // only for child wondow&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;&#xA;//perform actions on parent window&#xA;//perform actions on parent window&#xA;&#xA;driver.quit(); // After execution of main thread and for parent window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works for me. Try your side!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T02:00:39.213" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T02:00:39.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18131" CreationDate="2016-06-30T09:49:12.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Jacob&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No need to declare/initialize two different WebElements for this. I would suggest solution -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After login.click()&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use method WaitForPageReload()  [Please confirm whether your code really working and waiting till page get loaded completely]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once Page get loaded, Assert for AnyField [Which should be uniquely displayed only after successful login]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now, Assert &quot;login.getText()&quot; and expected &quot;logout button text&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once above assert passes, our work is done&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Part remain only is - login.click to logout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets see how its working at your end !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T09:49:12.117" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20238" CreationDate="2016-06-30T10:21:55.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check links by regex, spelling thru dictionary - but spelling checking is better made by person - there will be always something, which will not pass...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18032" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T10:21:55.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20352" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20356" CreationDate="2016-06-30T11:21:15.780" Score="1" ViewCount="604" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is very common scenario when we automate any web application. But I am little confused between new window and pop-up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please can you add little examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T14:26:25.070" Title="Selenium &gt; new windows &amp; pop-up : What is different between new window and browser alert in selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20345" CreationDate="2016-06-30T12:56:59.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to do some string manipulations to get the desired result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String text=driver.findElement(By.id(idOfRecordCountElement)).getText();&#xA;String desiredText=text.substring(0,text.indexOf(&quot;\n&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T12:56:59.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20352" CreationDate="2016-06-30T14:26:25.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A new window is basically a new webpage that opens in a separate window or a tab depending on your browser settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you have asked for examples, here it is&#xA;e.g. visit &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testautomationsimplified.com/appium-tutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;appium tutorial&lt;/a&gt; webpage. Click on any chapter say chapter 1. It will take you to new window/tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An alert box or pop up window is often used if you want to make sure information comes through to the user or you want user to take certain action.&#xA;Here webpage remains same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for alert, think of any website which pops up message as &quot;Do you want to continue&quot;, &quot;Click on OK to continue&quot;, &quot;Are you sure want to Cancel&quot; etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/js/tryit.asp?filename=tryjs_alert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;try it&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18311" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T14:26:25.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20357" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-06-30T14:31:52.843" Score="1" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;A 'rolling calendar' is 12 consecutive months without regard to actual calendar year. If you started in July 2009, for example, your 12 month calendar will end in June 2010. Your 6 days off cover the entire 12 months of July - June 2010. How would you create a test for a rolling calendar? What are the necessary test steps? I have tried to create some test scenarios, but please do advice if you have some input also.&#xA;test scenario- a flight attendant is on reserve for 12 months after graduation. After 12 months of graduation, the FA climbs in seniority, the FA gets better flights. The test is to ensure that the FA's schedule is rotated without interruption by the changing year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19063" LastEditorUserId="19063" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T15:24:45.817" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T18:22:14.500" Title="Rolling Calendar testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1254" CreationDate="2016-06-30T15:02:32.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try out &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailosaur.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mailosaur.com&lt;/a&gt; It gives you unlimited real test email addresses and allows for automated and manual testing of emails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have Java, .NET, Ruby, Python and Node.js bindings to make it easy to integrate this in your Selenium (or other) test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I am a co-founder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4680" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T15:02:32.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1254" CreationDate="2016-06-30T16:09:46.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most answers so far focus on automating the process of generating emails content. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another problem is how to verify whether an HTML content of email renders well in different mail clients. Mail clients tend to be worse in that respect than Web browsers for Web pages, e.g., Outlook 2003 on Windows may render same HTML email different than Yahoo! Mail on Chrome or GMail app on Android. Verifying whether layout rendered by different email clients is what humans are good at and may be harder to automate. However, rendering same email in multiple clients again and again is definitely a good task for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used &lt;a href=&quot;http://litmus.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;litmus.com&lt;/a&gt; for that but I'm sure there are other companies on the market offering a similar service. With such a service you don't need to set up your own lab of multiple email clients. Instead you get screenshots of your email almost immediately and can focus on verifying the layout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T16:09:46.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20357" CreationDate="2016-06-30T18:22:14.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generic advice: Try for the edge cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;January 1, December 31, February 29, leap year, leap year exceptions, non-leap year, invalid date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How about when the day is not filled in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can it be interrupted, restarted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible someone changes position during the year, changing the rolling calendar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pre-existing bugs known? And so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T18:22:14.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20363" CreationDate="2016-06-30T20:34:38.610" Score="4" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit testing currently takes up more than half my development time, and I'd like to streamline the process, are there any general tips or tricks that will help me write unit tests faster? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently in the process of creating factories that create test data, and obfuscate it to fit certain conditions, which I hope will make all of this much quicker to code in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other practices that I should consider?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19068" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-07-01T03:35:43.897" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T03:35:43.897" Title="Unit testing - what is a good way to do these quickly?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20362" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20364" CreationDate="2016-06-30T20:48:56.300" Score="2" ViewCount="6239" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently ran into an issue where someone registered a new Selenium node with our hub, but the new node was not configured the same as the other nodes. It occurred to me that just anyone could add a misconfigured node and completely ruin the integrity of our test results without realizing it. For instance, maybe their node reports that Chrome is available, but the path to chromedriver.exe is incorrect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to remotely shut down a Selenium grid node?  For example, can I invoke a command on the hub which triggers a shutdown signal to be sent to all the nodes, or--better yet--can I just send a command directly to the unwanted node?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note that I do not have access to the machine that is running the node, so I cannot simply kill the process from the command-line.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6151" LastEditorUserId="6151" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T21:24:44.573" LastActivityDate="2019-01-24T02:04:18.910" Title="Is it possible to shut down a Selenium grid node remotely?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20361" CreationDate="2016-06-30T21:07:13.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One remark up-front: You are very aware of the cost of unit-tests. The yield however is sizeable as well. You cannot do without!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I have some ideas for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is your goal? Unit-tests should do no more or less than capture you component design. Forget about discovering bugs or detecting regressions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keep a low profile. Only target a single component per set of tests. Keep it simple and easy to maintain, too.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use a framework. It will limit the amount of code to write and help you in a million ways while running the test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2009/08/24/writing-great-unit-tests-best-and-worst-practises/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2009/08/24/writing-great-unit-tests-best-and-worst-practises/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unit_testing_frameworks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unit_testing_frameworks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T21:07:13.870" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20362" CreationDate="2016-06-30T21:07:30.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A call like the following example will terminate the node in Selenium 2.x:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://node42.example.com:5555/selenium-server/driver/?cmd=shutDownSeleniumServer&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the node shuts down, the hub console will continue to show the now-defunct node, but after a while, the grid automatically cleans up and deregisters the node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2019-01-23&lt;/strong&gt; - although there is an alternate command shown below which should work for Selenium 2.x and 3.x, this feature is not enabled by default due to the obvious &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium/issues/2852#issuecomment-268324091&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;security implications&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium/issues/2852#issuecomment-268346971&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;may be removed entirely&lt;/a&gt;, if it hasn't been already. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://node42.example.com:4444/extra/LifecycleServlet?action=shutdown&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think if Selenium allows arbitrary nodes to connect without authentication, then allowing arbitrary people to terminate the nodes remotely without authentication is no worse, but the &lt;em&gt;lack&lt;/em&gt; of such a capability &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; worse because you cannot kick off any inadvertently misconfigured nodes that are breaking your Selenium Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6151" LastEditorUserId="6151" LastEditDate="2019-01-24T02:04:18.910" LastActivityDate="2019-01-24T02:04:18.910" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20361" CreationDate="2016-06-30T22:04:03.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write the smallest simplest tests possible to dry simple DRY SRP code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mock and Stub external services, most notable the database, so that unit tests run FAST.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Accept that good tests can take longer to write than application code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't assume all tests remain for regression.  prune aggressively once they've driven the code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure there are integrated / functional tests so you don't need to check them in unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take care in descriptions and names in test, like all code it's read much more than it is written.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use tags and labels to identify subsets of tests that you can run when doing tdd/bdd cycles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use tags and labels to identify slow running tests you can exclude when doing tdd/bdd cycles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use concise modern languages and frameworks such as Ruby-Rspec or Python.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a preloader that keeps the environment loaded and runs the test each time you save the file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-06-30T22:14:53.073" LastActivityDate="2016-06-30T22:14:53.073" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10488" CreationDate="2016-07-01T01:08:53.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on what exactly you're wanting to automate (just clicking on certain places on the screen? Or actually creating a dialog that expects/interprets certain displays/alerts and then does something -- clicking or typing -- in response?) and the software that is providing your GUI -- check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.cpan.org/~ctrondlp/X11-GUITest-0.28/GUITest.pm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;X11::GUITest&quot;&gt;X11::GUITest&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;Sikuli website&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19073" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T01:08:53.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20368" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-01T05:56:45.843" Score="0" ViewCount="26725" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to use the following syntax but can anyone tell me how I can use this as an example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Element Should Contain locator, expected, message=&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19075" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T11:10:19.700" LastActivityDate="2021-04-30T04:47:22.277" Title="How I can verify Text is present or not in robot framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20371" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-01T07:05:15.963" Score="1" ViewCount="944" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently using Selenium WebDrivers for my tests and I'm struggling with an automatic download. The case is:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I click on a button, it loads the next page containing a script tag with a &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; on a download link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to edit the script tag (or even delete it) before the full page loading, and avoiding this click and so, the automatic download ? I want to manually download it. It permits me to have one single solution, and not one auto download disable configuration for each browser .....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19076" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T22:05:00.687" Title="Edit a script DOM element before being executed" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20371" CreationDate="2016-07-01T07:41:12.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. You can execute Javascript &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11430773/how-to-use-javascript-with-selenium-webdriver-using-java&quot;&gt;like so&lt;/a&gt;. Of course, implementation may vary depending on the language you're using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new AnyDriverYouWant();&#xA;if (driver instanceof JavascriptExecutor) {&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;yourScript();&quot;);&#xA;} else {&#xA;    throw new IllegalStateException(&quot;This driver does not support JavaScript!&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, the Javascript will look something like this. Example &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14708189/remove-specific-script-tag-in-head-tag-by-onclick-event&quot;&gt;as found here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;document.getElementById(&quot;testScriptName&quot;)).parentNode.removeChild(elem)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Something worth looking into: if you're using C#, you can use FiddlerCore to intercept a request:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://chowson.github.io/block-requests-with-fiddlercore/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://chowson.github.io/block-requests-with-fiddlercore/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you'll use the &lt;code&gt;BeforeRequest&lt;/code&gt; event handler to see if this request is for the particular script. If so, then you fake the response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T10:10:37.453" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-01T13:12:06.763" Score="2" ViewCount="1246" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Protractor Test suite I have some problem with parametrizing number of tests .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;  it('Login and Count', function () {&#xA;    PageObject.login();&#xA;    var number = element.all(by.something()).count().then(function(n){&#xA;      //here i have my number which i want to use to run next 'it' n times&#xA;     });&#xA;  });&#xA;&#xA;  it('Run number '+ m,function () {&#xA;    PageObject.Run(m);&#xA;  })&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that I am able to reach my count result only inside then block when promise is resolved. How to use that to execute second it as many times as i want ? I am not able to write this result to global variable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry I am JS newbie and async promises are still a hell for me &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16178" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-07-01T13:52:13.173" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T05:44:42.190" Title="Protractor Dynamic numer of test runs depened on count() result" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20376" CreationDate="2016-07-01T13:44:20.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use global variables as described in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31203398/protractor-set-global-variables&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; on SE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wonder if you really want to store a value in a global variable. Each it() in Protractor is a test. Tests should be run in isolation from other tests. If tests are not isolated and depended on each other it could become harder and time consuming in the future to maintain them. Since one failing tests could block all other tests. Also you cannot expect all the it() functions to run in the order of the file, certainly when running tests in parallel this could become an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.typemock.com/unit-test-patterns-for-net#aaa&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AAA test pattern&lt;/a&gt;, your test would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('my test', function() {&#xA;  //ARRANGE&#xA;  PageObject.login();&#xA;  var number;&#xA;  element.all(by.something()).count().then(function(n){&#xA;    number = n;&#xA;  });&#xA;&#xA;  //ACT&#xA;  //Loop and execute Run() number of times the element exists.&#xA;  for (step = 0; step &amp;lt; number; step++) {&#xA;    PageObject.Run(step);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  //ASSERT&#xA;  expect(something).toEqual(something_else);&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-07-01T13:44:20.010" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20380" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-02T10:11:06.617" Score="1" ViewCount="315" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have do PDF file checking but I am not satisfied about any tools any one help me please give me solution how to test PDF files in manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18932" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2019-11-07T00:22:17.760" LastActivityDate="2019-11-07T00:22:17.760" Title="Is there any software available in the market that can be used to automate PDF testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;pdf-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-07-05T13:35:43.093" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20380" CreationDate="2016-07-02T10:24:26.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are you testing for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-best-free-spell-style-and-grammar-checker-for-English&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Typo's&lt;/a&gt; are easy, there are spell-checkers for that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_comparison_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regression&lt;/a&gt; is fairly easy as well, a good compare tool will reveal all changes between versions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pdf-tools.com/pdf/validate-pdfa-online.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PDF validation&lt;/a&gt; has tooling as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic info like the correct version CAN be done by scripting but likely is faster manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Layout.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Correctness and completeness of the information. A real review in fact. Here my 'tool' &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2586872/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;advice&lt;/a&gt; would be training.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-best-free-spell-style-and-grammar-checker-for-English&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-best-free-spell-style-and-grammar-checker-for-English&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_comparison_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_comparison_tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://smashinghub.com/10-best-file-and-documents-comparison-tools.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://smashinghub.com/10-best-file-and-documents-comparison-tools.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pdf-tools.com/pdf/validate-pdfa-online.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.pdf-tools.com/pdf/validate-pdfa-online.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2586872/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2586872/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-07-02T10:24:26.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-03T11:07:28.057" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;thanks for reading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My scenario (possibly not the best way of doing things, but im still learning)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a sql database, which houses in 1 table test data (A string value) and a boolean (expected to pass or fail)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GKosp.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GKosp.png&quot; alt=&quot;Table:&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to grab the resultset results here for both columns inside one method, should I be storing both columns in seperate arraylists? is there something simpler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've dabbled with storing the one row but obviously thats not fit for purpose, I need both these values together which I can then return somehow in order to run a test which will loop through every entry in that table&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my basic code so far, it will need a lot of modifications for sure (Ive been messing around with arraylists etc &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TD_RestrictedInternetItems_CategoryAddData {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    private String Values;&#xA;    private boolean PassTrue;&#xA;&#xA;    public void getTestData() {&#xA;        Connection conn = null;&#xA;        ResultSet result = null;&#xA;        String url = &quot;jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost/master;instance=TESTDATA;user=sa&quot;;&#xA;        String driver = &quot;net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            // import driver&#xA;            Class.forName(driver);&#xA;            // connection to database&#xA;            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url);&#xA;            Statement state = conn.createStatement();&#xA;            String sql = &quot;SELECT TOP 1 * FROM TestData.dbo.RestrictedInternetAccess_AddCategoryTD&quot;;&#xA;            result = state.executeQuery(sql);&#xA;&#xA;            while(result.next()) {  &#xA;            Values = result.getString(&quot;TestData_Value&quot;);&#xA;            PassTrue = result.getBoolean(&quot;TestWillPass&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        catch (SQLException e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        catch (ClassNotFoundException e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        finally&#xA;        {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                result.close();&#xA;            } catch (SQLException e) {&#xA;&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            }&#xA;            try {&#xA;                conn.close();&#xA;            } catch (SQLException e) {&#xA;&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }                   &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public String getData() {&#xA;        return Values;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Boolean getPassOrFail() {&#xA;        return PassTrue;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T18:56:04.580" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T18:56:04.580" Title="How can I return values for 2 columns in my database?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-11-03T05:45:25.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2016-07-03T11:46:59.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can start learning by following lessons of this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/selenium-webdriver-with-java-testng-and-log4j/?siteID=0Is1SEV6Ap4-_KX26LOe90cepxbUN3SzQQ&amp;amp;LSNPUBID=0Is1SEV6Ap4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;course&lt;/a&gt;. You dont need to buy it, you just need to get the title of each lesson and google about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18966" LastActivityDate="2016-07-03T11:46:59.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2016-07-03T14:37:04.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a huge number of tools, languages and frameworks that can help you do this.  There is really no 'best' path as each component will depend on your situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal recommendation is to consider the Ruby path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this is just part of a larger picture for which could be somewhat like the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Learning test automation basics including selecting web page elements and constructing tests and suites&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good tools here are the seleniumIDE - a firefox plugin that I have used professionally in many workplaces.  This is despite all the claims that it is only for prototyping, playing around, etc.   I would also consider ghostInspector, a newer SAAS tool that easily lets you schedule jobs, take and compare screenshots and other useful functionality. Diving right into programming as well is, imho, too much at once.  When you are starting automation these are some good tools to learn some of the automation basics.  They are real tools that can be used in your company today.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Learning test automation fundamentals&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once you start writing test and test suites with simple tools like the ones mentioned above you will start to encounter several issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keeping tests concise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;repeating pieces of code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;authentication and authorization ('logging in') &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;setup, execute, teardown issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dynamic pages with different ID's every time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests are only running in 1 browser, e.g. Chrome or Firefox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To start to address the above issues you should learn a bit about the theory behind such testing.  I recommend Agile Testing by Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory to be a good primer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Learn a programming environment that will use Selenium&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is where I am recommending Ruby and in particular RSpec and the Capybara tool.  Capybara is usally used within the context of a Ruby on Rails application but can be leveraged to work against any URLs.&#xA;I think you would find this a fairly easy transition from Java and that you would ultimately find Ruby to be a more concise and readable language but of course other may very on this opinion.  Using a dynamically typed language would certainly broaden your mind and perspectives.  Your background may also lead to this being your entry point but I am also providing a broad answer to others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whichever framework you pick for a programming environment, this approach will let you develop automation that can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;easily be run by other developers on their machines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use programming constructs such as variables, iterations and functions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be scheduled to run in a CI server - frequently Jenkins or CircleCI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be written in a DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) fashion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be run against other browsers and other devices such as mobile phones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;be tied into code changes for Continuous Integration Environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Learn additional concepts and issues&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you develop more advanced automation you will need to learn more about&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intermittent failures and how to detect patterns, fix failures and prevent future occurences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to work with Javascript and AJAX calls&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to make sure that test fail correctly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to make sure that tests don't have false positives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to make sure that test suites continue to run in a reasonable amount of time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When exploratory testing still makes the most sense&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focusing on the value added by test automation rather than test coverage metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-07-03T14:56:04.147" LastActivityDate="2016-07-03T14:56:04.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20383" CreationDate="2016-07-03T23:11:50.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since this is more of a &quot;what works best for you answer&quot; I will provide a solution on how our team handled something like this in our testing framework. (Feel free to disregard if it doesn't work for you) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We decided that we wanted to use a list of dictionaries to hold our SQL data. This way we could pull as many columns as we wanted, and have as many rows as we needed all within one object. This did require a bit of typing when getting the data within the object, but since we did this within our framework, it was pretty simple.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if you'd need anymore clarification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11866" LastActivityDate="2016-07-03T23:11:50.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20137" CreationDate="2016-07-04T07:50:15.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same problem because of using Httpunitdriver(V2.21) und Selenium(V2.53.0) and have already resolved.&#xA;Try to start your node with the Command: &quot;Java -cp &lt;strong&gt;htmlunit-driver-standalone-2.21.jar;selenium-server-standalone-2.53.0.jar&lt;/strong&gt; org.openqa.grid.selenium.GridLauncher - yourServerOptions&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19112" LastEditorUserId="19112" LastEditDate="2016-07-04T07:55:50.403" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T07:55:50.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20391" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20392" CreationDate="2016-07-04T09:06:39.443" Score="-1" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not worked in Selenium but I know selenium. So, just want to know that how should I put this in my CV so that companies can hire me on basis of Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19115" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T09:35:43.017" Title="How much experience should I put in my CV for selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-07-05T11:21:41.007" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20391" CreationDate="2016-07-04T09:35:43.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can create a selenium project and post it into Github, then mention it in your CV. You project should use many basic selenium statements. In my opinion, your project should cover 36 lessons of this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/selenium-webdriver-with-java-testng-and-log4j/?siteID=0Is1SEV6Ap4-_KX26LOe90cepxbUN3SzQQ&amp;amp;LSNPUBID=0Is1SEV6Ap4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;course&lt;/a&gt; (from lesson 50 to lesson 85). I hope that this will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18966" LastActivityDate="2016-07-04T09:35:43.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18438" CreationDate="2016-07-04T22:19:19.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can just use plain Selenium for testing Angular applications. Protractor just makes it easier to test Angular application. Its a framework for testing Angular applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has Automatic Waiting for elements and you can access specific Angular elements by.model and by.binding. Also, it implements the Page Objects in the framework making tests more maintainable if used correctly. Probably there are some more enhancements not listed on the front-page of Protractor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-06T11:12:26.407" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T11:12:26.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20282" CreationDate="2016-07-05T09:08:04.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a generic test automation framework for acceptance testing and acceptance test-driven development (ATDD). It has easy-to-use tabular test data syntax and it utilizes the keyword-driven testing approach. Its testing capabilities can be extended by test libraries implemented either with Python or Java, and users can create new higher-level keywords from existing ones using the same syntax that is used for creating test cases.&#xA;Here are some useful links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://robotframework.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robotframework/robotframework&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/robotframework/robotframework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19129" LastEditorUserId="19129" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T09:40:33.770" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T09:40:33.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20319" CreationDate="2016-07-05T13:01:17.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This exception is thrown when JRE cant find a class. Double check you have included all the necessary libraries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T13:01:17.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20383" CreationDate="2016-07-05T17:23:31.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is common problem, usually solved by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-relational_mapping&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;object-relation mapper&lt;/a&gt; (ORM) helper library. There are many for Java (too many), so it is not easy to choose a good one. :-) Do your research before you commit to one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T17:23:31.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="994" CreationDate="2016-07-05T17:34:09.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Selenium (through &lt;a href=&quot;http://codeception.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; title=&quot;CodeCeption&quot;&gt;CodeCeption&lt;/a&gt;) and it works well when I can target some IDs or CSS rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we have Canvas &amp;amp; Flash games which expose nothing for testing. The only interface is the GUI !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These games have &quot;events&quot; to which my test has to respond correctly to resume the main &quot;game&quot; (Yep, the DEV didn't thought of test-ability!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For these, I use Sikuli. It uses Python for scripts and it is possible to disable the display of image AND get him ask a name for each taken screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For handling &quot;events&quot; I use simple &quot;try catch&quot; constructs so my test can run through a game happily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The longest part is reverse engineering since, of course, games aren't documented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the same speed scripting in CodeCeption than Sikuli, if it takes more time in Sikuli, this is only due because I can't force these developers to provide interfaces for testing etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the website, I ask IDs and classes on key elements (form elements, any interractable, outputs, ... )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I fire Sikuli, someone did something wrong :-D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you didn't pay attention to circumstances above :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flash / HTML5 canvas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moving HTML fragments that can't be identified easily (structural pattern, ID attribute, CSS selector, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A side feature is the automatic generation of the HTML file describing the procedure. Project managers understand them ! (Ther is a lot of images...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19137" LastActivityDate="2016-07-05T17:34:09.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20319" CreationDate="2016-07-06T04:09:24.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Similarly, this Exception is thrown when JRE can't find a class.This problem arises when we don't include a particular jar file i.e: &lt;code&gt;org-apache-commons-logging.jar&lt;/code&gt; in the Referenced Libraries. Try downloading the jar and add it in the library. Hope your problem get solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19142" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:11:00.950" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:11:00.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20403" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20483" CreationDate="2016-07-06T07:20:41.887" Score="1" ViewCount="1362" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble choosing a good browser when automating a web application. Among the browsers I have considered are Firefox, Chrome, Safari, PhantomJS &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am particularly looking for comparisons of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;framework support, especially Selenium but also other frameworks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;page/content loading time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;execution speed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automation support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;link navigation &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;opening other window or alert handling strategy &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the advantages and disadvantages of different browsers with respect to these areas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I am using Firefox but I have observed issues like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;overlong page loading time, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click does not always work when used with text/link text &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not been able to find a simple, understandable comparison of browser support for Selenium and related automation tools particularly in terms of how well they handle automation of important features like link navigation, filling out forms, managing alerts or popup windows, and so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My project does not have any unusual functionality. I just want to be able to be able to build my automation cleanly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T14:06:05.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T06:41:02.880" Title="What advantages and disadvantages to do the major browsers have when automating web applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18185" CreationDate="2016-07-06T08:52:00.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automating software related functionality you can easily automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess, blocker will come when you want to take inputs from actual wearable. That can be resolved by below ways -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simulate the action of wearable&lt;/strong&gt; and generate out-put with the help of electronic boards [Same as wearable will generate]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you decide not to go for above solution as of now, Then you need to &lt;strong&gt;follow inject methods&lt;/strong&gt; [Limitation - Those should be perfectly matching with results generated by wearables]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T08:52:00.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20407" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-06T10:11:40.587" Score="0" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am thinking about how we can improve the focus of security testing and integration it into our development cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am wondering, do we need a CSO or Security Officer role? Or is it acceptable to place this responsibility with the QA role, where he/she safeguards that security measures are executed regularly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there documented standards on applying security testing that define a security role?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When is a security officer mandatory?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should there be a difference between during and after development security responsibilities?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T19:44:09.293" Title="Do we need a security officer to safeguard security of an application?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12403" CreationDate="2016-07-06T11:30:28.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below &lt;em&gt;code snippet&lt;/em&gt; works for me :-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles =driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = handles.iterator();&#xA;&#xA;    String parent = it.next();&#xA;    String child = it.next();&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(child);&#xA;&#xA;    //perform actions on child window&#xA;    //perform actions on child window&#xA;&#xA;    driver.close(); // only for child wondow&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;&#xA;    //perform actions on parent window&#xA;    //perform actions on parent window&#xA;&#xA;    driver.quit(); // After execution of main thread and for parent window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-07-06T11:54:12.007" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T11:54:12.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20410" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20412" CreationDate="2016-07-06T12:32:08.010" Score="2" ViewCount="993" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I check if the tooltip appears or not in selenium?&#xA;When mouseovering the element, I can see the tooltip appear.&#xA;How do I verify that the tooltip appears?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xPGi4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xPGi4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML of the Icon:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot; text-center selection&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;p data-toggle=&quot;tooltip&quot; title=&quot;&quot; data-original-title=&quot;Je kan geen modules verwijderen die reeds gebruikt worden in de programmakalender&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;i style=&quot;color: orange;&quot; class=&quot;icon-warning-sign icon-large&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can mouseover the icon with selenium, but I don’t know how I can verify that it appears (or not).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18007" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T14:20:17.760" Title="How do I check if a tooltip appears or not?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20411" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20416" CreationDate="2016-07-06T13:12:23.607" Score="4" ViewCount="28617" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having this screen where i try to hover it&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RDLAc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RDLAc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;after hovering the screen becomes drop down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GFnJW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GFnJW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So i am not able to click on the screen using selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;gwt-debug-ddPolicy&quot; class=&quot;relativePositionNegative12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;clickable GP432FWBBU&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;div class=&quot;GP432FWBOT GP432FWBDU GP432FWBAU GP432FWBDD&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;false&quot; id=&quot;gwt-debug-ddPolicy-label&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;linda&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;select class=&quot;GP432FWBOT GP432FWBMT GP432FWBAU&quot; style=&quot;display: none;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;ddPolicy&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;option value=&quot;linda&quot;&amp;gt;linda&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;option value=&quot;Gaurav&quot;&amp;gt;Gaurav&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;option value=&quot;*Aung&quot;&amp;gt;*Aung&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;option value=&quot;Aakash&quot;&amp;gt;Aakash&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting error for other element get position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="18750" LastEditDate="2016-07-12T03:58:33.777" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T16:30:09.383" Title="Not able to click element using Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20410" CreationDate="2016-07-06T13:38:20.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Found an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;p data-toggle=&quot;tooltip&quot; title=&quot;&quot; data-original-title=&quot;Je kan geen modules verwijderen die reeds gebruikt worden in de programmakalender&quot; aria-describedby=&quot;tooltip594806&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;aria-describedby=&quot;tooltip594806&quot;&lt;/code&gt;gets added afterwards, when hovering I can see if this appears or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18007" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T13:38:20.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-06T13:54:16.373" Score="2" ViewCount="2007" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to verify my idea of setting up test architecture in projects managed by Jira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jira itself does not provide tools for unit or functional testing, but it has different plugins to manage testing and some for managing &lt;em&gt;automated testing&lt;/em&gt;, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.intenso.jira.plugins.testflo-automation/server/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestFLO Automation&lt;/a&gt; - can run autometed tests and save their results (JUnit format) as Jira issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the sequence of steps to define test automation architecture in Jira would be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define test automation frameworks/software which could be used with your product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check their integration with Jira with usage of Jira plugins.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select sets &lt;code&gt;testing frameworks/software -- Jira plugin&lt;/code&gt; that best suits your needs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this strategy right? Or is there any other strategy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE (2018.05.04):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual sequence of steps was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Precondition:&lt;/em&gt; We know that we should use Jira to track bugs &amp;amp; manage tasks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define test-automation tools (we decided to use: &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/testng&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;testng&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;testng&lt;/a&gt; + &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/webdriver&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;webdriver&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;webdriver&lt;/a&gt; + &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/maven&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;maven&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;maven&lt;/a&gt; + &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/allure&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;allure&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;allure&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then we had to select test management tool (Jira plugin or stand-alone app) which could be integrated with Jira &amp;amp; autotests. We chose &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/testrail&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;testrail&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;testrail&lt;/a&gt; for some reasons, and use its API to integrate with autotest (pass results from autotests to testrail)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2018-05-04T10:35:34.773" LastActivityDate="2019-02-12T17:40:06.473" Title="Strategy of using Jira with tools for automated testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20230" CreationDate="2016-07-06T14:33:16.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For reference (In case someone comes across this), this was solved by allowed Capybara itself to spin up the server, since it will automatically stop itself once the tests are finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was done by adjusting the app_host and server_host/etc... for capybara in my test_helper.rb file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Capybara.app_host = &quot;http://localhost:3000&quot;&#xA;Capybara.server_host = &quot;localhost&quot;&#xA;Capybara.server_port = &quot;3000&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T14:33:16.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20411" CreationDate="2016-07-06T14:48:45.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't found a way to do a 'mouse over' option but you can use Action Chains to achieve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions action = new Actions(webdriver);&#xA;WebElement we = webdriver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;expression&quot;));&#xA;action.moveToElement(we).moveToElement(webdriver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;expression&quot;))).click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T14:48:45.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20417" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20429" CreationDate="2016-07-06T15:26:33.590" Score="0" ViewCount="305" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I run web driver with Firefox browser it generates a blank Firefox browser and after a minute the browser closes without running the WebDriver  program. The following error is generated on eclipse: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please how do I resolve this. I am using the latest Firefox browser (47.0.1), and selenium java client driver 2.53.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19146" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T16:31:56.533" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T16:31:56.533" Title="How to resolve Firefox browser loading issue with Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20418" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-06T15:57:07.517" Score="1" ViewCount="1949" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to run a testNG XML from java code, in a separate java project with the given path to the XML?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18390" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T09:30:57.143" Title="Running TestNG XML from another project" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20413" CreationDate="2016-07-06T22:02:58.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is what I had implemented for one of my clients.&#xA;Automation Framework: &#xA;This was developed using QTP and HP Load Runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Management Tool: &#xA;HP QC was used for test management, test case repository, Single Point of Reporting, Release management and Defect Management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration between Jira and HP QC: &#xA;There are several bridge apps/servers available but in our case we used Tasktop. You can find more details on all the tools in &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.atlassian.com&lt;/a&gt;. Also we integrated Bugzila &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What was achieved: &#xA;The tester was able to execute a test case i.e. trigger the automated test to run from QC. The actual script used to run on QTP systems and results were directly updated on QC on completion whether it had failed or passed. Even mails were triggered on completion. On failure the tester used to analyse the logs captured and stored and log a defect on QC. We had clearly defined filters and fields on QC and depending on which fields were chosen by the tester it used to trigger a task/issue creation on Jira And OR defect on Bugzila (depending on the nature of the bug or impacted component as we were dealing in a multi vendor environment, where different vendors and teams were responsible for testing, using different defect tracking tools).&#xA;We had implemented multiway communication which could be triggered either from Jira, Bugzila or QC but at the end restricted it to trigger from QC only via testers and other activities were taken care manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will provide an idea and help you.&#xA;All the best!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18552" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T22:02:58.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20417" CreationDate="2016-07-06T22:39:35.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As of v2.51.0, the firefox driver supports Firefox 44, so without posting any code that's about all I can help you with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/CHANGELOG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-07-06T22:39:35.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11719" CreationDate="2016-07-07T05:28:25.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Alexei -&#xA;I have observed, if you follow below points in checklist you will definitely think of &lt;strong&gt;high percentage of ROI&lt;/strong&gt; :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual vs Automated – Testing vs Checking&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid comparison between manual and automated testing. They are both needed as each serves a different purpose. Automated tests are a set of instructions written by a person to do a specific task. Every time an automated test is run, it will follow exactly the same steps as instructed and only check for things that is being asked to check.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the other hand, during manual testing, tester’s brain is engaged and can spot other failures in the system. The test steps may not necessarily be the same every time, as the tester can alter the flows during the testing; this is specially true in case of exploratory testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automate Regression Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The main reason you want to automate a test, is because you want to execute the test repeatedly on every new release. If the test requires to be executed only once, then the effort to automate the test can outweigh the benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regression tests are required to be executed repeatedly as the software under test evolves. This can be very time consuming and a boring task for QA to have to run regression tests every day. Regression tests are good candidates for test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design Tests Before Automating Them&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is always a good practice to create the test cases and scenarios before starting to automate the tests. It is the good test design than can help in identifying defects, automated tests only execute the test design.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The danger in jumping straight to automation is that you’re only interested in making the script to work and usually only automate positive and happy flow scenarios rather than thinking about the other possible scenarios that can be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remove Uncertainty from Automated Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One of the key points of automated testing is the ability to give consistent results, so that we can be certain that something has actually gone wrong when a test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If an automated test passes in one run and fails in the next run, without any changes on the software under test, we cannot be certain if the failure is due to the application or due to other factors, such as test environment issues or problems in the test code itself.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When there are failures, we have to analyse the results to see what had gone wrong, and when we have lots of inconsistent or false positive results, it increases analysis time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don’t be afraid to remove unstable tests from regression packs; instead aim for consistent clean results that you can rely on.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Review Automated Tests for Validity&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You will be alarmed by the sheer number of automated tests that are outdated, just don’t check for anything or are not checking the most important verifications!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This could be a symptom of jumping straight to automation without spending enough time before hand planning on what needs to be done and designing good test scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Always have a colleague to review the automated tests for validity and sanity. Make sure tests are up to date.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don’t Automate Unstable Functionality&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a new feature or functionality is being developed, many things can go wrong and even the feature may no longer be applicable because the business have changed their mind.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you started automating tests as the feature was being developed, the tests need to be updated many times as the feature evolves and can be quite daunting trying to keep up with all the changes. And if the feature is no longer applicable, all that effort on test automation is wasted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, it is always best to automate a functionality once it has been stabilized and less subject to change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don’t Expect Magic From Test Automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The primary reason for test automation is to free up QA time for interesting exploratory testing and to give confidence to the team that the application is still in good order as new changes are delivered.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don’t expect automation to find lots of bugs. In fact, the number of bugs found by automation is always much less than manual and exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don’t Rely Solely on Automation – Beware of Passing Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated regression tests can give a sense of confidence for the team because regression tests should still pass as new functionality is delivered.The team start relying on the tests and having a good set of regression tests can act as a safety net.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim for Fast Feedback&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quick feedback is one of the objectives of automated tests, because developers are keen to know if what they have developed works and hasn’t broken current functionality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand the Context&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests can be automated at any layer, Unit, API, Service, GUI. Each layer serves a different purpose for testing.&#xA;Unit Tests ensure that the code works at class level, that it compiles and the logic is as expected. Tests at this layer are more verification than validation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don’t Automate Every Test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;100% Test Coverage is not possible since there can be millions of combinations. We always execute a subset of possible tests. The same principle applies to automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To create an automated script, it requires time and effort, and aiming for “Automating Every Test”, we require lot of resource and time, which in many cases is not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use Test Techniques in Test Automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test techniques that you learned in ISTQB, are not just for manual testing. They are also applicable to automated testing. Techniques such as Boundary Value Analysis, Equivalence Partitioning, State Transition Testing, Pairwise Testing can provide a lot of benefits in automated testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don’t Automate Chaos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In order to get the most out of your automated testing, a good QA process should be in place. If the QA process is chaotic and we add automated testing to that chaos, all we get is faster chaos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try to answer questions like, What to automate, When to automate, When to execute the automated tests, Who shall automate the tests, What tools should be used for test automation, etc…&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T05:28:25.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20422" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-07T05:37:33.900" Score="2" ViewCount="677" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone tried to Integrate HP ALM with JMeter? Very new to HP ALM so not sure on how to integrate it with JMeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On high level following functionality should work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trigger test with HP ALM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute test(test will run through JMeter)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Result should be uploaded on HP ALM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any information regarding this would be helpful&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18752" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T05:37:33.900" Title="HP ALM and JMeter integration" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14313" CreationDate="2016-07-07T05:56:18.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Going forward, &lt;strong&gt;it will be helpful if you can add what all you have done/tried?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Online assessment application -&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check time is working correctly in absence of internet, pause or resume test [if available]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only future Dates and Timings should be displayed to user while booking slots&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In that too, Check if there is any end date or particular time duration and expected to book slots in those dates only&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After that time user should not be allowed to book or take assessment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User mistakenly close browser/system shut-down and tried again to continue with assessment, must be taken to proper state&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Above scenario on same machine and different browser or different machine?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If system time manipulated by user, should not reflect anything with actual timer of assessment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In any case, user should be thrown out after time completed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@gunschu - Above are few major test scenarios. #TryIt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-07T06:01:29.917" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T06:01:29.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12141" CreationDate="2016-07-07T06:36:20.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your element is not visible. Thats the reason Selenium couldn't able to click on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you sure the element is visible? According to Selenium an element is visible if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;visibility != hidden&#xA;display != none (is also checked against every parent element)&#xA;opacity != 0 (this is not checked for clicking an element)&#xA;height and width are both &gt; 0&#xA;for an input, the attribute type != hidden&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19164" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T06:36:20.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11719" CreationDate="2016-07-07T07:08:54.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think if you want to use ROI you are most likely talking to business/management and giving metrics about code coverage etc. will have little to no impact. In my opinion this will actually leave you two main aspects to analyze:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Increased speed to give ok for go-live - all the time gained can usually be converted to financial gain. You can factor in also the speed of finding bugs if you have the information, but that feels like huge overhead&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Increased detection of regressions. you can put a price on these if you match how big of a revenue loss the bugs (that were missed in regression testing and went to live) caused for the company.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But are you certain you want to stick to ROI? Usually when questions like this come up means that some of the stakeholders do not have enough understanding what qa's do and why automation is useful - in my experience a short presentation for concerned party is enough to get over this hurdle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19145" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T07:08:54.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20413" CreationDate="2016-07-07T07:22:36.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that orchestrating testing process from Jira is the best option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing process should go hand-by-hand with the development and driven by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/five-things-you-should-know-about-continuous-deploymentby-man-who-coined-term&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Continuous Integration and Delivery&lt;/a&gt; so in the ideal world the process from developer's commit to publishing new release into production should be completely unattended and automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a strong believer of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KISS_principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;KISS&lt;/a&gt; principle I tried to avoid any tools, plugins, 3rd-party applications and services as much as possible and used functionalities which come out-of-the-box with the infrastructure products. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of Jira - it provides &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.atlassian.com/jira/REST/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;REST API&lt;/a&gt; so you can create, read, update and delete any entities, like create issue if new test fails, leave a comment regarding issue is being reproducible on a new build, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T07:22:36.403" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20428" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20511" CreationDate="2016-07-07T10:03:37.820" Score="0" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to configure xpath or css for selection under red border i.e a name contains &quot;Patient List&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x4LEx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/x4LEx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18222" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-07-14T19:08:51.120" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T16:30:18.000" Title="How to configure css or xpath for below code" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20417" CreationDate="2016-07-07T10:04:47.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Update Firefox to &lt;code&gt;47.0.1&lt;/code&gt; and Selenium Java client to &lt;code&gt;2.53.1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T10:04:47.807" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20207" CreationDate="2016-07-07T10:11:52.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Mahesh, I have below suggestions:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;# Solution 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to your eclipse installation folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run &quot;eclipse.exe -clean&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;# Solution 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uninstall Netbeans because Eclipse and Netbeans are both might using the same workspace&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;# Solution 3&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click project, remove maven nature (or in newer eclipse, &quot;Maven-&gt;Disable Maven Nature&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mvn eclipse:clean (with project open in eclipse/STS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delete the project in eclipse (but do not delete the sources)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Import existing Maven project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;# Solution 4&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Properties -&gt; Java Build Path -&gt; Libraries and removed the blue entries starting with M2_REPO.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After that, I could use Maven -&gt; Update Project again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;# Solution 5&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross-check whether you have &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.assertselenium.com/eclipse-2/how-to-setup-a-webdriver-project-in-eclipse/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Setup project correctly&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T10:11:52.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19965" CreationDate="2016-07-07T10:29:13.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very common question. Before few months I was faced this case. @paul - Thanks for taking this up here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will suggest, &lt;strong&gt;Use Page Object Model (POM)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design Patterns - Real helpers&lt;/strong&gt; to build structure of project or code. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It add further &lt;strong&gt;advantage of maintain and updation/modification code with ease&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't be hurry to&lt;/strong&gt; calculate no. of pages to automate and &lt;strong&gt;choose design pattern&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Majorly it &lt;strong&gt;helps to understand others code too&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using and following design pattern is smart move. I'll recommend to follow while automating any application &lt;strong&gt;regardless of platform and scope !&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T10:29:13.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20428" CreationDate="2016-07-07T11:14:02.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This should be quite simple with xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//li[@class='open']//a[text()='Patient List']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12784" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T11:14:02.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14313" CreationDate="2016-07-07T11:25:12.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also test below cases. In our QA services company we create test cases in below manner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the application used in countries observing Daylight saving, validate the slot booking time when daylight saving starts or ends.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the number of users simultaneously take test. (as per requirements)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if user can jump between questions &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if user can revisit any unanswered question&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the application on mobile browsers, most software testing companies want their application to be tested on mobile browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to login with same user on different machines at same time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if user can complete the test before allotted time, user should be allowed to do that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appropritae validtion e.g &quot;Are you sure you want to finish the test&quot; should be shown before finishing the test.It saves the user when he accidently clicked on Finish Test button.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For open ended question: Try to put HTML codes, XSS scripts in text box. This should be handled properly by application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it is useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T11:25:12.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20435" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20439" CreationDate="2016-07-07T13:22:13.070" Score="2" ViewCount="267" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main goal is to be able to send some messages through a current live system and trace outputs all along the way, then replay those same messages in a newer updated version of the system and compare the outputs for regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently struggling to figure out a good way to do this when the system interacts with one or more external systems such as web services, databases, FTP, etc ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main problem is that I might not always get the same results from the external systems even when using the same messages because the data in the database might have since changed, a file might have been moved or deleted from the FTP file location, or the web service spits out different results for each run regardless of the same message being passed in. In this scenario it's difficult to be able to do this test against the real web service, database, etc ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any tricks or tools or anything that might allow me to do something like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11411" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T21:51:57.047" Title="How do I automate regression testing against external web services, databases, etc ...?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20436" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-07T13:46:31.770" Score="1" ViewCount="872" Body="&lt;p&gt;Putting together a SOAP Request in &lt;code&gt;JMeter&lt;/code&gt;. My request is valid, as it succeeds in &lt;code&gt;SOAPUI&lt;/code&gt;. My issue is getting the request's Security header populated. I'm attempting to generate the security header with the code below, but I keep encountering the following exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2016/07/07 09:24:44 ERROR - jmeter.modifiers.JSR223PreProcessor: Problem in JSR223 script JSR223 PreProcessor.2 javax.script.ScriptException: Sourced file: inline evaluation of: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.Init; import com.sun.org.apache. . . .&lt;/code&gt; : &#xA;  JMert : at Line: 78 : in file: inline evaluation of: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.Init; import com.sun.org.apache. . . .&lt;/code&gt; : ( privateKey ) &#xA;       in inline evaluation of: ``import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.Init; import com.sun.org.apache. . . . '' at line number 78&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell, the privateKey is properly declared in the code I'm using. As expected, when I run the testplan in JMeter the SOAP response is that the request is missing the security headers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.Init;&#xA;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.c14n.Canonicalizer;&#xA;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.signature.XMLSignature;&#xA;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.transforms.Transforms;&#xA;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.utils.Constants;&#xA;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.utils.XMLUtils;&#xA;import org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.SoapSampler;&#xA;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;&#xA;import org.w3c.dom.Document;&#xA;import org.w3c.dom.Element;&#xA;&#xA;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;&#xA;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;&#xA;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.FileOutputStream;&#xA;import java.security.KeyStore;&#xA;import java.security.PrivateKey;&#xA;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;&#xA;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;&#xA;import java.util.Date;&#xA;&#xA;//write sampler body into &quot;signature.xml&quot; file&#xA;&#xA;String body = sampler.getXmlData();&#xA;FileUtils.writeStringToFile(new File(&quot;signature.xml&quot;),body);&#xA;File signatureFile = new File(&quot;signature.xml&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//X509 properties&#xA;&#xA;String keystoreType = &quot;JKS&quot;;&#xA;String keystoreFile = &quot;C:/jMeterTest/resources/abbazabba.jks&quot;;&#xA;String keystorePass = &quot;XYZ&quot;;&#xA;String privateKeyAlias = &quot;abba&quot;;&#xA;String privateKeyPass = &quot;XYZ&quot;;&#xA;String certificateAlias = &quot;abbazabba&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Element element = null;&#xA;String BaseURI = signatureFile.toURI().toURL().toString();&#xA;//SOAP envelope to be signed&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;//get the private key used to sign, from the keystore&#xA;KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(keystoreType);&#xA;FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(keystoreFile);&#xA;ks.load(fis, keystorePass.toCharArray());&#xA;PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(privateKeyAlias, privateKeyPass.toCharArray());&#xA;//create basic structure of signature&#xA;javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();&#xA;dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);&#xA;DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();&#xA;DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();&#xA;String request = sampler.getXmlData();&#xA;ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(request.getBytes());&#xA;Document doc = dBuilder.parse(in);&#xA;in.close();&#xA;Init.init();&#xA;XMLSignature sig = new XMLSignature(doc, BaseURI, XMLSignature.ALGO_ID_SIGNATURE_RSA);&#xA;&#xA;element = doc.getDocumentElement();&#xA;element.normalize();&#xA;element.getElementsByTagName(&quot;soapenv:Header&quot;).item(0).appendChild(sig.getElement());&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA; Transforms transforms = new Transforms(doc);&#xA; transforms.addTransform(Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_EXCL_OMIT_COMMENTS);&#xA; //Sign the content of SOAP Envelope&#xA; sig.addDocument(&quot;&quot;, transforms, Constants.ALGO_ID_DIGEST_SHA1);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//Signing procedure&#xA;{&#xA; X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) ks.getCertificate(certificateAlias);&#xA; sig.addKeyInfo(cert);&#xA; sig.addKeyInfo(cert.getPublicKey());&#xA; sig.sign(privateKey);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;//write signature to file&#xA;FileOutputStream f = new FileOutputStream(signatureFile);&#xA;XMLUtils.outputDOMc14nWithComments(doc, f);&#xA;f.close();&#xA;&#xA;//set sampler's XML data from file&#xA;String request = FileUtils.readFileToString(signatureFile);&#xA;sampler.setXmlData(request);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further, if I comment out &lt;code&gt;sig.sign(privateKey);&lt;/code&gt; the security information is populated in the security header, however the formatting and data insertion is incorrect and the request fails with Invalid Security message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastEditorUserId="18310" LastEditDate="2016-07-08T13:31:55.623" LastActivityDate="2016-08-07T18:32:27.837" Title="JMeter - issues attempting to generate SOAP Security header using JSR223 PreProcessor" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20186" CreationDate="2016-07-07T13:48:51.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why exception arise?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason behind the exception you have mentioned is because with your test script you are trying to locate an element that doesn't exist in the webpage you are trying to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to resolve?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, along with the text you have provided, the console would also have given the line number in the test script where this exception occurred. I would go to that line in the test script and check what I've done wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert with text or element to ensure you are on expected page/screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I will suggest to use wait.untill(element.isVisible()) before Click() /Assert()&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have I provided a wrong value for searching the element?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the method wrong?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Am I missing something?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If answer to all these question is No and the element is indeed available in the webpage, I would apply implicit or explicit wait in the script to allow Selenium to wait for the element to load and then read it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the tutorials for implicit and explicit waits on the official &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Jagannatha, see if this works for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T13:48:51.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20435" CreationDate="2016-07-07T14:17:43.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case what I've done is create a proxy server for these third party services so you can control the interaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An iOS application we have talks to an API that another team works on, which we don't control on our team, so we created a proxy server to imitate the responses from the API. We also made it so we can customize the response to get a specific reaction in the UI. This way we're not dependent on their service for testing since we're not testing their service but our iOS application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a lot of work but worth it in these situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T14:17:43.957" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20435" CreationDate="2016-07-07T14:52:29.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use that style of regression test where I work, too.  It can be challenging to ensure that the system produces consistent results for the same input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ask whether you can run your tests at a lower level.&lt;/strong&gt;  It may be possible to record/playback inputs and outputs of specific subsystems, rather than using inputs and outputs of the system as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consider whether &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; of the outputs can be consistent&lt;/strong&gt;.  If may not be possible to cause your test system to reproduce exactly what your production system did at a particular point in time, but there may be pieces of behavior that you can reproduce.  For example, if the output consists of five fields, perhaps you can reproduce two of them.  That may be better than nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the system supports multi-tenancy, use it to create a test environment on your live system.&lt;/strong&gt;  Consider an web application that supports multiple customers.  Each user's data is in a separate silo so that the inputs for one user do not impact the outputs for a different user.  You could create test user that always exists on both the live system and the QA system, and use that for your regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T14:52:29.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20442" CreationDate="2016-07-07T14:55:28.357" Score="2" ViewCount="3891" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got problem with some of my protractor tests.&#xA;In short word, i need to check some numer of elements on my page with number from previous filter. &#xA;When filter is clicked there should be displayed only A alements, B elements number should be 0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realized that protactor is waiting for long time when &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  it('displays only wireless rows', function () {&#xA;  clientsPage.clientWiredFilterFalse.click();&#xA;&#xA;  clientsPage.getWirelessTableRows().count().then(function (numwireless) {&#xA;    expect(numwireless).toEqual(wirelessCount);// in a second&#xA;  });&#xA;  clientsPage.getWiredTableRows().count().then(function (numwired) {&#xA;    expect(numwired).toEqual(0);// 20-30 seconds&#xA;&#xA;  });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On this page I've got 0 elements that i get from getWiredTableRows and some from getWirelessTableRows()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This first expect is executing instantly,&#xA;the second one is waiting for many second until it finally realizes that there is no such a element on the page . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why protractor is waiting for some elements for appearing ? It only happens for me when there is 0 elements returned &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16178" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T06:05:12.220" Title="Protractor - element.all().count() is waiting long where there is no such an elements" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20418" CreationDate="2016-07-07T18:03:46.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eclipse does a lot of voodoo behind the scenes to make sure everything is plugged together in a really big an robust way.  Good for your development environment, but way overkill for production.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java only knows to look in very specific places for bytecode to load into it's runtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want runtime flexibility to load classes within your gui from anywhere, it sounds like you will want to look into either extending the classloader so you can add to your classpath at runtime.  Or do a more hacky solution and use reflection to bypass the scope of the standard classloader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of a custom classloader that can load jar files and search for class bytecode inside: &lt;a href=&quot;http://kalanir.blogspot.com/2010/01/how-to-write-custom-class-loader-to.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://kalanir.blogspot.com/2010/01/how-to-write-custom-class-loader-to.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question might be useful to go through as well as a couple of the answers are informative: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7884393/can-a-directory-be-added-to-the-class-path-at-runtime&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7884393/can-a-directory-be-added-to-the-class-path-at-runtime&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another totally different option, if you don't want or need the ability to dynamically alter your classpath at runtime, would be to preemptively either add the folder your testng tests are in to your CLASSPATH environment variable, or move them to a folder that is already defined in your CLASSPATH.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember though, if those tests have any 3rd party dependencies, no matter what solution you choose.  Make sure those get added too otherwise you'll just run into the same problem the moment your test tries to invoke it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-07-07T18:03:46.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20440" CreationDate="2016-07-08T06:05:12.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I only have experience with Selenium WebDriver, but most like Protractor has an &lt;strong&gt;implicit wait&lt;/strong&gt; going on, which means it tries keep finding elements for a certain amount of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll probably need to turn this off (to 0), in order for the method to immediately return a value (similar issue for Selenium's &lt;code&gt;FindElements&lt;/code&gt; method).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This could be of interest to you&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33299567/where-to-put-implicitlywait-in-protractor&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33299567/where-to-put-implicitlywait-in-protractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T06:05:12.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2016-07-08T07:16:32.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also use Tosca Testsuite. I can create Execution lists, do distributed execution, link to our CI and have the risk contribution of the test case. and use the other features, like service virtualization, distributed execution and test case design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tricentis.com/solutions/testing-with-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tricentis.com/solutions/testing-with-selenium/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if it actually does more than you ask for.&#xA;PS: You can find it among the sponsors of the Selenium project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19190" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T07:16:32.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20418" CreationDate="2016-07-08T07:28:50.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest way to start test automation project from another one would be to sent command line command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;java org.testng.TestNG C:\path-to\testng.xml&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or call some parametrized .bat file so not to write lots of dependencies in java code. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;run-suite.bat C:\path-to\testng.xml&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And run-suite.bat:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -cp [lots of *.jar files] org.testng.TestNG %1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;May be you also need to deal with results and sure you'll have to handle possible exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-07-08T09:30:57.143" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T09:30:57.143" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20446" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20450" CreationDate="2016-07-08T07:38:18.660" Score="0" ViewCount="8642" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working with selenium + maven project in eclipse. I am facing below warnings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for&#xA;logger(org.apache.http.client.protocol.RequestAddCookies).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding log4j.properties&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Corrected jdk version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;updated pom.xml file with accurate dependancy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that those files are physically available and link in build with correct + valid path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cleaned project in eclipse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;updated all maven dependancies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone has experience and face, &lt;strong&gt;please guide/suggest how those can be fixed?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T07:43:21.410" Title="java + log4j : How to fix &quot;No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.http.client.protocol.RequestAddCookies)&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-08T10:58:39.073" Score="4" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;The task is to measure changes in performance of a system during daytime execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Test system description&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests are performed on java desktop application which is started with cmd command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -cp [AUT dependencies, .jars] [main app class]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interaction with application GUI is done with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/jemmy&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;jemmy&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;jemmy&lt;/a&gt; library so test project is started like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -cp [AUT &amp;amp; testng dependencies/jars] org.testng.TestNG testng.xml&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And application is launched in the code of tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new ClassReference(&quot;[main app class]&quot;).startApplication();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So test project is a part of application and &lt;strong&gt;the question is how much test project influence performance of AUT?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Test execution&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests are executed every 2 minutes within a single run of testng command. In testng.xml file &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;test&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; blocks a repeated so that execution would not restart test (as well as AUT). But after ~40 minutes of execution testing fails because of wait timeout expiration. Here is a processor &amp;amp; RAM load graph:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ubRK8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ubRK8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And heap usage dynamics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;|       ||     Exec time [R# - Run number] [S/F/C - at run start/finish/crash]     |&#xA;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;| [MB]  || R#2 S | R#2 F || R#10 S | R#10 F || R#21 S | R#21 F || R#22 S | R#22 C ||&#xA;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;| Max   ||  455  |  455  ||   455  |   455  ||   455  |   455  ||   455  |   455  ||&#xA;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;| Total ||  286  |  374  ||   373  |   374  ||   454  |   454  ||   454  |   454  ||&#xA;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;| Free  ||  123  |  240  ||    86  |    94  ||    67  |    51  ||    70  |    50  ||&#xA;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;R#2 - 04:00&#xA;R#10 - 20:00&#xA;R#21 - 42:00&#xA;R#22 - 44:00&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Started testing with minimal number of actions in AUT (just clicking menu buttons). After an hour of execution heap usage was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maximum - 455&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;total ~430&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;free ~200&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After 02h:00m:00-02h:20m of execution heap usage was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maximum - 455&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;total - 455&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;free ~35-70&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After 02h:32m test failed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maximum - 455&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;total - 455&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;free - 53&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-07-12T14:01:59.183" LastActivityDate="2018-11-30T05:02:05.417" Title="How does TestNG influence on project performance?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20447" CreationDate="2016-07-08T12:47:21.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know the answer, but I know how I would try to find out.  I would try two experiments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your test is making the AUT do a lot of some kind of work.  Try to find a way to run that part of the AUT without using TestNG, e.g. by modifying the AUT to perform those operations for some number of iterations.  Watch for whether it crashes, and whether it uses more memory over time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Replace your AUT without some trivial program that performs similar memory operations, and then run that with TestNG.  Watch for whether it crashes, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also try attaching a Java profiler such as YourKit to the AUT, or to the combined TestNG/AUT process.  I would check GC times and examine a heap dump to look for container (list/set/map) data structures that accumulate from one run to the next.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-07-08T13:51:08.237" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T13:51:08.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14044" CreationDate="2016-07-08T13:03:26.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;We are looking for a test management tool similar to Quality Center&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would actually suggest that the equivalent tool does NOT exist.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;My experience over the past few years is that you have to pick the programming language and the test automation framework within that language.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Even with test frameworks though, you will still need to manually write the structure of the tests and test suites.  The test frameworks themelves do not specify or provide such an integrated tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The various answers about Jenkins (which would also apply to CircleCI my new favorite tool) do not apply in my opinion as they are about running an &lt;em&gt;already developed suite&lt;/em&gt; using a continuous integration server.  CI tools themselves do not solve the test organization issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T13:03:26.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20446" CreationDate="2016-07-08T13:36:48.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have applied below solution steps -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remove Proxy&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure your computer is not using any proxies, connect to open network&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Open terminal and hit below commands&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rm -rf ~/.m2/repository/antlr&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rm -rf ~/.m2/repository/aopalliance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;rm -rf ~/.m2/repository/asm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remove/delete that particular dependent .JAR from library&lt;/strong&gt; folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From terminal navigate to your project root folder and hit:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mvn -U clean install&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Crosscheck once that dependent all .JAR are visible under .m2 folder. Sometime few of them may not get automatically downloaded, so if not seen pls add those manually&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally - &lt;strong&gt;I got everything working now :)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T13:36:48.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20411" CreationDate="2016-07-08T16:41:12.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try sending an empty key to the element in order to focus on it as well as set get visible over hidden property.  For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hidden_element.send_keys &quot;&quot; // This will make element visible first.&#xA;hidden_element.click() // Pretty simple job when element is visible.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-09T06:24:29.780" LastActivityDate="2016-07-09T06:24:29.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20436" CreationDate="2016-07-08T16:41:24.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your web service expects only client-side request SSL encryption and no other security mechanisms are in place you don't even need any scripting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change your &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; implementation to &lt;strong&gt;Java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add the following lines to &lt;em&gt;system.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (lives in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;javax.net.ssl.keyStore=C:/jMeterTest/resources/abbazabba.jks&#xA;javax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword=XYZ&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If needed specify which key to use via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Keystore_Configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Keystore Configuration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's it. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://How%20to%20Set%20Your%20JMeter%20Load%20Test%20to%20Use%20Client%20Side%20Certificates&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Set Your JMeter Load Test to Use Client Side Certificates&lt;/a&gt; for detailed information on configuring JMeter-side requests encryption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T16:41:24.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20436" CreationDate="2016-07-08T17:53:57.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fixed by making the following changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Changed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(privateKeyAlias, privateKeyPass.toCharArray());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TO:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.security.Key privateKey = (java.security.Key) ks.getKey(privateKeyAlias, privateKeyPass.toCharArray());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also moved &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(keystoreType);&#xA;FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(keystoreFile);&#xA;ks.load(fis, keystorePass.toCharArray());&#xA;PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(privateKeyAlias, privateKeyPass.toCharArray());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Transforms transforms = new Transforms(doc);&#xA; transforms.addTransform(Canonicalizer.ALGO_ID_C14N_EXCL_OMIT_COMMENTS);&#xA; //Sign the content of SOAP Envelope&#xA; sig.addDocument(&quot;&quot;, transforms, Constants.ALGO_ID_DIGEST_SHA1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in with the signing procedure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to get the security information placed within &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Security:wsse&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; I modified &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.getElementsByTagName(&quot;soapenv:Header&quot;).item(0).appendChild(sig.getElement());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.getElementsByTagName(&quot;soapenv:Header&quot;).item(0).getElementsByTagName(&quot;wsse:Security&quot;).item(0).appendChild(sig.getElement());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T17:53:57.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20455" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-08T19:00:43.187" Score="2" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium via Java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to test third party tracking and I am wondering if there is a way to access the network logs so that I can verify that a specific request came in?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, is there a way to access the network tab in the console via Selenium Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T02:47:51.640" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T02:47:51.640" Title="Accessing weblogs via Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20455" CreationDate="2016-07-08T20:09:02.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium can only do what user can do in the browser (that's the whole point). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if user can access logs from the browser (which will have to be a service by that third party), you can do it with selenium. If not, you cannot (so your logs are safe from any lurker).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T20:09:02.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12551" CreationDate="2016-07-08T20:33:47.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Ruby approach&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I dedicated myself to writing the lightest framework I could for testing an external site using Ruby, RSpec and Capybara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see the results at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/durrantm/basic_app&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/durrantm/basic_app&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test file looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ cat spec/foo_spec.rb &#xA;require 'rspec'&#xA;require 'capybara'&#xA;require 'capybara/rspec'&#xA;require 'capybara/dsl'&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.run_server = false&#xA;Capybara.default_driver = :selenium&#xA;Capybara.app_host = 'http://www.google.com'&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.register_driver :chrome do |app|&#xA;  Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser =&amp;gt; :chrome)&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;root='/'&#xA;&#xA;describe 'Loads up correctly', :type =&amp;gt; :feature do&#xA;  before :each do&#xA;    Capybara.current_driver = :chrome&#xA;  end&#xA;  it 'Has the expected search input field' do&#xA;    visit( root )&#xA;    search_button_on_page=find(:css, &quot;input[aria-label='Search']&quot;)&#xA;    expect(search_button_on_page).to be_true&#xA;  end&#xA;  it 'Shows results' do&#xA;    visit( root )&#xA;    find(:css, &quot;input[aria-label='Search']&quot;).set(&quot;123&quot;)&#xA;    expect(page).to have_content 'results'&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following branches show examples of common tasks.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I used branches to try and keep each example as light weight as possible.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is as of 7/8/2016&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;* master&#xA;  multiple_domains&#xA;  using_page_object&#xA;  weather_with_login&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T20:33:47.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20435" CreationDate="2016-07-08T21:51:57.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not all tests have to be acceptance tests, some regressions are better tested with unit testing where you mock external systems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1706" LastActivityDate="2016-07-08T21:51:57.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20368" CreationDate="2016-07-10T14:07:29.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose you are expecting a particular locator to get value as &quot;Payment was successful&quot;, so firstly store that in temp variable &quot;response&quot; and finds its value by &quot;Get Text&quot; and then compare it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; ${response}    Get Text    xpath=/html/body/div/tr[2]/td/strong&#xA; Should Be Equal As Strings    ${response}    Payment was successful&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17494" LastActivityDate="2016-07-10T14:07:29.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12623" CreationDate="2016-07-10T14:14:40.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always do mysql database testing in my selenium tests with python and it is quite simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;import MySQLdb&#xA;db = MySQLdb.connect(host=&amp;quot;your_host&amp;quot;,user=&amp;quot;your_user&amp;quot;,db=&amp;quot;your_db&amp;quot;,port=3306,passwd=&amp;quot;your_password&amp;quot;)&#xA;&#xA;with db: &#xA;    cur = db.cursor()&#xA;    cur.execute(&amp;quot;select * from table1 limit 1&amp;quot;)&#xA;    rows = cur.fetchone()&#xA;    first_column_content=rows[0]&#xA;    print first_column_content&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17494" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-30T15:12:12.623" LastActivityDate="2021-01-30T15:12:12.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20464" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-10T14:26:30.607" Score="1" ViewCount="2811" Body="&lt;p&gt;My job is to compare the data in Pdf with Excel work Sheet to check weather the data is correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For that is there any tool to compare? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any java code in eclipse for testing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19209" LastEditorUserId="19455" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T06:51:21.203" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T06:51:21.203" Title="Is it possible to compare the data in pdf with excel work sheet" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20464" CreationDate="2016-07-10T17:00:47.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible. It is just a &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?SimpleMatterOfProgramming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;simple matter programming&lt;/a&gt;. How hard it will be depends on your programming skills (which might be lacking, if your preferred solution is a plugin for Eclipse). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to do a research for PDF parser in language of your choice. Or tool to convert PDF to text, then parse such text in your language of choice. If your language is Java, you will have many tools (but Java is less than optimal for text parsing, even if it is possible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-07-10T17:00:47.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12197" CreationDate="2016-07-10T18:16:31.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hope this below code helps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver=new firefoxdriver();&#xA;&#xA;//create select class object for selecting multiple select box field&#xA;&#xA;Select s=new Select(driver.findElement(by.cssSelector(&quot;select[multiple='multiple']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;/*you can use selectByVisibleText() predefined method of Select class for selecting multiple values*/&#xA;&#xA;s.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Wheat - HRW&quot;);&#xA;s.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Wheat - White&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19210" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T03:59:22.863" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T03:59:22.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20467" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-10T21:23:11.183" Score="0" ViewCount="1052" Body="&lt;p&gt;While running selenium grid tests from my Windows Hub on my Mac Node, I cannot create a directory aka folder on the Mac Node. I think my code is correct. It worked for the Windows Node. I am suspecting I didn't set up the permissions to create the folder correctly on the Mac. Can someone tell me where would I get the correct permissions on the Mac to allow Selenium WebDriver Selenium Grid to create a folder on the Mac?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried getting info on the screencaptures folder and assigning read and write access to the logged in mac user that is also an admin and applying it to the enclosed items. I also did that to the root directory too. However, when I ran the tests it still could not create the directory aka folder on the Mac. I also tried setting File Sharing between my Windows and Mac computer, but that did not help either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone created a folder on the Mac via Selenium WebDriver Java code? What setup steps did you have to take on the Mac to get it to work correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GET THIS ERROR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.io.IOException: Destination '\Users\xyz\screencapture&#xA;\Pg_WatchTV_Test14x01x19.322' directory cannot be created&#xA;at org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.copyFile(FileUtils.java:1085)&#xA;at org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.copyFile(FileUtils.java:1038)&#xA;at otherClasses.ScreenshotURL_MAC.takescreenshotURL&#xA;(ScreenshotURL_MAC.java:85)&#xA;&#xA;    try{&#xA;        File scrFile =    &#xA;        ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); &#xA;        if (scrFile != null)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Just taken screenshot.&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        //Foldername is &quot;/Users/xyz/screencaptures/error1&quot;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;foldername: &quot;+foldername);&#xA;        file_name = foldername + &quot;/&quot; + errorname + dateNow + &quot;.jpg&quot;; //Mac&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;file_name: &quot;+file_name);&#xA;&#xA;        File directory2 = new File(&quot;/Users/xyz/screencaptures&quot;);&#xA;        boolean successful2 = directory2.canWrite();&#xA;           if (successful2)&#xA;           {&#xA;               System.out.println(&quot;Can write&quot;);&#xA;           }&#xA;           else&#xA;           {&#xA;               System.out.println(&quot;Can not write&quot;);&#xA;           }&#xA;&#xA;        directory = new File(foldername);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Directory is: &quot;+directory);&#xA;        if(!directory.exists())&#xA;        {&#xA;               boolean successful = directory.mkdirs();&#xA;                if (successful)&#xA;                {&#xA;                  // creating the directory succeeded&#xA;                  System.out.println(&quot;Directory was created successfully.&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                  // creating the directory failed&#xA;                  System.out.println(&quot;Failed trying to create the&#xA;                  directory.&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Directory exists&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(file_name));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T16:58:22.083" Title="Getting IOException Error cannot create directory on Mac with Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20464" CreationDate="2016-07-11T05:28:47.660" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://tika.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache Tika&lt;/a&gt; project, it supports both formats (and much more)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/tika/tika_extracting_pdf.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TIKA - Extracting PDF&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/quick-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;POI - Working with Excel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for this as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter is free and open source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given you have Tika libraries in the classpath - supports the same file types&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#assertions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Assertions&lt;/a&gt; to conditionally fail samplers basing on response data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-extract-data-files-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Extract Data From Files With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for comprehensive step-by-step explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T05:28:47.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20073" CreationDate="2016-07-11T06:31:55.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's no way to do it with &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt; without re-implementing it. Locators to page object elements in &lt;code&gt;@FindBy&lt;/code&gt; annotations cannot be updated at runtime. You probably would like to have something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;fruits(&quot;Apple&quot;).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the proxy created by &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;fruits&lt;/code&gt; field accessor does not take any arguments. It just does something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a/h4[text()='%s']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The closest thing that you can do is to refrain from using &lt;code&gt;@FindBy&lt;/code&gt; for this particular element on a Web page, define a method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private WebElement fruits(String fruit) {&#xA;  By.xpath(String.format(&quot;//a/h4[text()='%s']&quot;, fruit));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then call it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;fruits(&quot;Apple&quot;).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T06:40:37.010" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T06:40:37.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20033" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:07:32.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Totally agree with you &lt;strong&gt;@dzieciou&lt;/strong&gt;. I have &lt;strong&gt;experienced that, delegates might be the culprit.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be great if one could suggest us the actual solution for generic logging with BasePage.java and FinalLocators.java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;@paul&lt;/strong&gt; - Below middle way/&lt;strong&gt;workaround I found and working well&lt;/strong&gt; for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remove&lt;/strong&gt; or stop using &lt;strong&gt;FinalLocators.java&lt;/strong&gt; [ explanation:Something is not working fine with using both FieldDacorator and FinalLocators ]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Instead of initializing final string&lt;/strong&gt; under FinalLocators.java, &lt;strong&gt;shift those directly in BasePage.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Basic code snippet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;@FindBy(xpath=&quot;//input[text()='username']&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebElement uname;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;@FindBy(xpath=&quot;//input[text()='password']&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebElement userpwd;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;// Here you can &lt;strong&gt;directly get access to your actual defined Element&lt;/strong&gt; under own PageFactory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sendkeys.uname(&quot;johndoe&quot;); &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sendkeys.userpwd(&quot;kitty&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this I am able to fine Element uname in log. Give a Try !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T07:07:32.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17253" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:33:00.647" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Brenda - Its &lt;strong&gt;really not convincing saying I'm not willing to accept answer from Samsung &amp;amp; Moto&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could we use any hardware with our computer, without using its drivers? [software required to interact with hardware]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everyone knows answer, Right! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its similar to your scenario, when &lt;strong&gt;device is not supporting any particular language&lt;/strong&gt; that simply means that the device is not having instructions about &quot;&lt;strong&gt;How to deal with it &amp;amp; How to display the text&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in particular language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We can not by pass this! We can test app with only those languages which your device supports.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T09:07:22.227" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T09:07:22.227" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12015" CreationDate="2016-07-11T07:58:50.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest working solution is to use the &lt;code&gt;KEYCODE&lt;/code&gt; KeyEvent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb shell input keyevent &amp;lt;KEYCODE_MENU&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thecodeartist.blogspot.in/2011/03/simulating-keyevents-on-android-device.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Help - Android keycode&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-12T04:54:34.600" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T04:54:34.600" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2016-07-11T08:25:59.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft's Visual Studio can collect details of which pieces of code are executed by which tests. This data can then be used when code is changed to suggest tests that should be rerun. You could try some Web searches for terms such as &quot;Microsoft test impact data&quot; and &quot;MTM recommended tests&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T08:25:59.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20475" CreationDate="2016-07-11T09:00:39.620" Score="1" ViewCount="451" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been learning Robot Framework with python. The basic idea is to make myself more employable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just started with RF because it was looking interesting but as I started to explore, I found very less jobs for RF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How employable can RF make you in comparison to other open source automation frameworks like Cucumber, TestNG, Selenium, etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19216" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-07-11T09:05:33.170" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T11:00:42.227" Title="How much does robot framework help in terms of employablity?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-07-13T16:23:43.770" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20474" CreationDate="2016-07-11T11:00:42.227" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not a tool that makes you more employable, it's your experience. Knowledge of some tool &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; give you some advantage but only if you have other skills. No one looks for a guy who can click around in Robot Framework or Selenium or TestNG. A guy who knows how to test (whatever tool is used) - that guy gets the job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning RF will not make you &lt;em&gt;less&lt;/em&gt; employable of course, but i would invest my time in more fundamental things such as theory of testing software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15347" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T11:00:42.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15309" CreationDate="2016-07-11T11:55:34.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can ignore javascript errors by changing WebClient options. You just need to extend HtmlUnitDriver class in such way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class CustomHtmlUnitDriver extends HtmlUnitDriver {&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA; @Override&#xA;    protected WebClient modifyWebClient(WebClient client) {&#xA;        WebClient modifiedClient = super.modifyWebClient(client);&#xA;        modifiedClient.getOptions().setThrowExceptionOnScriptError(false); // see here&#xA;        return modifiedClient;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and an example of CustomHtmlUnitDriver usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;CustomHtmlUnitDriver driver = new CustomHtmlUnitDriver();&#xA;driver.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19220" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T11:55:34.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14714" CreationDate="2016-07-11T12:13:13.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This works for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles =driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = handles.iterator();&#xA;&#xA;String parent = it.next();&#xA;String child = it.next();&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(child);&#xA;&#xA;//perform actions on child window&#xA;//perform actions on child window&#xA;&#xA;driver.close(); // only for child wondow&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;    &#xA;//perform actions on parent window&#xA;//perform actions on parent window&#xA;&#xA;driver.quit(); // After execution of main thread and for parent window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-27T18:21:19.173" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T18:21:19.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17457" CreationDate="2016-07-11T12:55:12.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple way &amp;amp; working solution,&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;When you want to take action on Hidden element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First of all we know that &lt;strong&gt;element should be visible&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hidden_element.send_keys &quot;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once element get visible using selenium we can &lt;strong&gt;easily take any action&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hidden_element.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope code snippet will help you! &lt;strong&gt;Try it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-07-12T03:04:58.930" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T03:04:58.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12015" CreationDate="2016-07-11T17:31:41.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Appium Java-client provides mechanism to Send a key event to the device.  Please check the &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.github.io/java-client/io/appium/java_client/android/AndroidDeviceActionShortcuts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for more details. So for latest appium java client, below code should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  driver.pressKeyCode(AndroidKeyCode.MENU);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7093" LastEditorUserId="7093" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T06:24:36.690" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T06:24:36.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20480" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20481" CreationDate="2016-07-11T17:40:27.627" Score="2" ViewCount="159" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium with Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to verify that a specific third party request came in so in order to capture the network traffic I used a proxy named BrowserMobProxy. I wrote the content of the request into a HAR like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;proxy.newHar(&quot;Something&quot;);&#xA;Har har = proxy.getHar();&#xA;try {&#xA;    har.writeTo(new File(&quot;Blah.json&quot;));&#xA;} catch (IOException e) {&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;instead of having to write into a file,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in order to verify that a specific request came in &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is there a more concise way to do this similar to &lt;code&gt;proxy.getHar().contains&lt;/code&gt;(&quot;whatever you are searching for... &quot;)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="19455" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T06:50:22.060" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T17:39:40.213" Title="BrowserMobProxy verifying request" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20480" CreationDate="2016-07-11T19:40:36.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Disclaimer, I didn't test this.  It may not work as is, but hopefully will at least give you an idea about a possible solution)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Har har = proxy.getHar();&#xA;ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();&#xA;&#xA;try {&#xA;    har.writeTo(out);&#xA;} catch (IOException e) {&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());&#xA;&#xA;org.json.JSONObject json = new org.json.JSONObject(org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.toString(in));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution would require the apache commons library and the org.json library, so definitely not possible with vanilla java.  But this puts your json into an object that will let you parse through the data without needing to write it to a file as long as it's in standard format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea behind this solution is that instead of writing the har to a file directly.  You may write it to an output stream.  This output stream can either be written out somewhere, or fed into a receiving input stream that can then turn it into a String.  Once it's a string, you can do whatever you want with it!  The org.json library is simply my personal choice since it's always worked well with my needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T19:40:36.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20480" CreationDate="2016-07-11T19:56:25.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can access a logged entry from &lt;code&gt;Har&lt;/code&gt; object at runtime. For instance, the following code will return only entries (tuples of a request and a response) with HTTP POST request:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Har har = proxy.getHar();&#xA;List&amp;lt;HarEntry&amp;gt; matchingEntries = har.getLog().getEntries().stream()&#xA;  .filter(e -&amp;gt; e.getRequest().getMethod().equals(&quot;POST&quot;))&#xA;  .collect(Collectors.toList());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find information about &lt;code&gt;Har&lt;/code&gt; class in &lt;a href=&quot;http://javadox.com/biz.neustar/browsermob-proxy/2.0-beta-7/org/browsermob/core/har/Har.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavaDoc&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T17:39:40.213" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T17:39:40.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20403" CreationDate="2016-07-11T20:04:37.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The choice of a browser depends on your goal. If you are testing GUI rendering and JavaScript execution you should always tests against those browser that your users/customers are using. So even if, for instance, Internet Explorer is slow and unhandy, it make sense to test against it, while if you don't find any bug with PhantomJS it does not mean much, because no real user is using it. Having said that, here are my experiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I found PhantomJSDriver (called previously GhostDriver) particularly useful for testing SSL: checking whether a web site can verify a client certificate. With FirefoxDriver it requires pre-configuring a profile a certificate, with PhantomJS it is a matter of a few command-line parameters that can be passed at runtime. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The problem with PhantomJS (not the driver itself) is that it is released only once a year, so if you are waiting for a stable version with a bug fix, you need to compile a snapshot version yourself and it takes some time (20-30 minutes) to have it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some sources are claiming PhantomJS tests are significantly faster than in headful browsers, I haven't seen any credible benchmark proving that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally, there are bugs that cannot be found with PhantomJS, see my another question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/18224/what-bugs-cannot-be-found-with-phantomjs&quot;&gt;What bugs cannot be found with PhantomJS?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HtmlUnit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another headless browser if you don't need a JavaScript support. The fastest browser I am aware of. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparison with PhantomJS can be found &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28008825/htmlunitdriver-htmlunit-vs-ghostdriver-phantomjs&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T06:41:02.880" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13721" CreationDate="2016-07-11T20:52:42.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also use the below to check for my jQuery. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((IJavaScriptExecutor)Driver).ExecuteScript(&quot;return jQuery.active&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18705" LastActivityDate="2016-07-11T20:52:42.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13531" CreationDate="2016-07-12T08:43:16.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are few snippets to SKIP test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 1&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add snippet in pom.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.19.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;skipTests&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/skipTests&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;skip the tests via the command line by executing the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mvn install -DskipTests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mvn install -Dmaven.test.skip=true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Solution 2 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;TestNG&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;@Test(enabled=false)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;annotation is used to skip a test case. Check below example to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;skip test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;throw skip exception&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conditional skip&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class SkipExample {&#xA;&#xA;@Test(enabled=false)&#xA;public void testCaseEnabling(){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;I'm Not Ready, please don't execute me&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testCaseSkipException(){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Im in skip exception&quot;);&#xA;        throw new SkipException(&quot;Skipping this exception&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testCaseConditionalSkipException(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Im in Conditional Skip&quot;);&#xA;    if(!DataAvailable)&#xA;    throw new SkipException(&quot;Skipping this exception&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Executed Successfully&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T13:33:17.253" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T13:33:17.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16773" CreationDate="2016-07-12T13:20:09.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageFactory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PageFactory&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.google.com/group/webdriver/browse_thread/thread/59b77199ceca4f56/f29355bbdaba6db9?lnk=gst&amp;amp;q=AjaxElementLocatorFactory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AjaxElementLocatorFactory&lt;/a&gt; - PageFactory is a support class for the Selenium 2 Page Objects pattern which you are using, and the AjaxElementLocatorFactory is the factory for the element locators. In your case the constructor will looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public GoogleResultsPage() { &#xA;    PageFactory.initElements(new AjaxElementLocatorFactory(driver, 15), this);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code will wait maximum of 15 seconds until the elements specified by annotations will appear on the page, in your case the homePageLink which will be located by xpath. You will not need to use ElementPresent class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AjaxElementLocatorFactory uses SlowLoadableComponent internally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T13:20:09.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18415" CreationDate="2016-07-12T13:33:12.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;automation@gmail.com&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should work to insert values/text into Text-box input field. If not working pls cross-check below points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen/Page is loaded completely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert that textbox is enabled and visible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you found any of above points failing, you should try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WaitForElement(your_element_textbox)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This method simple implemented using implicit wait to give additional time to element/text/screen/page to get loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T01:33:22.500" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T01:33:22.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20447" CreationDate="2016-07-12T14:16:13.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing with minimal number of actions in AUT (just clicking menu buttons) performed under UFT 12.52 did not show any slowing down in AUT after 2 hours and 30 minutes of execution, but after that time 2:30 - 3:00 application started to work slowly and finally stopped responding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heap analysis shows that &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/testng&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;testng&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;testng&lt;/a&gt; does not occupy more than 2,2 MB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And time of operations is of a same order (unit: seconds) under &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/jemmy&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;jemmy&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;jemmy&lt;/a&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/testng&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;testng&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;testng&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/uft-12.52&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;uft-12.52&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;uft-12.52&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in my case accuracy is sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T14:16:13.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20489" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-12T15:47:56.693" Score="0" ViewCount="4404" Body="&lt;p&gt;I identified the applications element (locators), but when I run using webdriver, I receive the following error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Element is not clickable at point (784.3333129882812, 9.699996948242188). &#xA;Other element would receive the click.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using java with eclipse. I have tried using different locators such as xpath and css, but with no luck. &#xA;The app is written with angular.js.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19146" LastEditorUserId="15298" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T19:17:59.240" LastActivityDate="2021-05-13T15:01:03.247" Title="How can selenium webdriver locate elements successfully in an angular.js app" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20489" CreationDate="2016-07-12T16:05:39.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What this means is that you are grabbing the element before the page has fully loaded, and the DOM has changed since you grabbed the element. &#xA;You need to add logic to wait for the page to load or for ajax requests to finish, and then grab the element by the locator and click on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19250" LastActivityDate="2016-07-12T16:05:39.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17847" CreationDate="2016-07-13T05:34:11.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Welcome to SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of me investigating what happens in this particular case, I think it will be more helpful for this and similar questions to understand how to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3988788/what-is-a-stack-trace-and-how-can-i-use-it-to-debug-my-application-errors&quot;&gt;read stacktrace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1239150/looking-for-an-easier-way-to-write-debugging-print-statements-in-java&quot;&gt;see an actual value of your variable&lt;/a&gt; (i.e., debug with &lt;code&gt;System.out.println()&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;read from JavaDoc for Java API, what each exception means, e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/NullPointerException.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That will be useful to you not only in this particular case but also in your further adventure with test automation and generally programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to pair with a programmer in your company or your city and learn from him or her. My experience is that watching how someone else  investigates a problem is much better way to learn things than explaining that here. This is a classical example of tacit knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T05:34:11.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20100" CreationDate="2016-07-13T08:56:26.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Two reasons for Stale element&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An element that is found on a web page referenced as a WebElement in WebDriver then the DOM changes (probably due to JavaScript functions) that WebElement goes stale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The element has been deleted entirely.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you try to interact with the staled WebElement[any above case], the StaleElementException is thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solutions to resolve them:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Storing locators to your elements instead of references&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DON'T&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver = webdriver.Firefox();&#xA; driver.get(&quot;http://www.github.com&quot;);&#xA; search_input = driver.find_element_by_name('q');&#xA;&#xA; search_input.send_keys('hello world\n'); // Page contents refresh after typing in search results.&#xA; time.sleep(5);&#xA;&#xA; search_input.send_keys('hello frank\n'); // StaleElementReferenceException&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Do&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.github.com&quot;);&#xA;search_input = lambda: driver.find_element_by_name('q');&#xA;search_input().send_keys('hello world\n'); &#xA;time.sleep(5);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;search_input().send_keys('hello frank\n') // no stale element exception&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leverage hooks in the JS libraries used&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   # Using Jquery queue to get animation queue length.&#xA;    animationQueueIs = &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    return $.queue( $(&quot;#%s&quot;)[0], &quot;fx&quot;).length;&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot; % element_id&#xA;    wait_until(lambda: self.driver.execute_script(animationQueueIs)==0)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moving your actions into JavaScript injection&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; self.driver.execute_script(&quot;$(\&quot;li:contains('Narendra')\&quot;).click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proactively wait for the element to go stale&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  # Wait till the element goes stale, this means the list has updated&#xA;  wait_until(lambda: is_element_stale(old_link_reference))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution, which worked for me, I have mentioned here if you have any additional scenario, which worked for you then comment below or contact me so that we can add into solution list&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T13:21:12.943" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T13:21:12.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20502" CreationDate="2016-07-13T09:06:15.883" Score="0" ViewCount="8232" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a JSON response of the format below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&quot;data&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;xxx&quot;,&quot;data&quot;:{&quot;A&quot;:&quot;111&quot;,&quot;B&quot;:&quot;222&quot;,&quot;C&quot;:&quot;333&quot;}},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;yyy&quot;,&quot;data&quot;:{&quot;A&quot;:&quot;111&quot;,&quot;B&quot;:&quot;222&quot;,&quot;C&quot;:&quot;333&quot;}}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to fetch only IDs and pass it in the next request as a list like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&quot;data&quot;:[&quot;xxx&quot;,&quot;yyy&quot;]}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to fetch all these IDs using a Regular Expression Extractor with the following values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Reference Name = data ; &#xA;Regex = &quot;id&quot;:&quot;(.+?)&quot; ;&#xA;Template = $1$ ;&#xA;Match No = -1 ;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The IDs retrieved are in the following format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;data_1 = xxx&#xA;data_2 = yyy&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the IDs could be a lot, so I need an efficient way where I can use just one variable instead of using &lt;code&gt;{&quot;data&quot;:[&quot;data_1&quot;,&quot;data_2&quot;]}&lt;/code&gt; and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19260" LastEditorUserId="19455" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T06:51:53.810" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T06:51:53.810" Title="Jmeter - How to fetch IDs from a json response and use it in the next request" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20495" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24004" CreationDate="2016-07-13T10:43:25.297" Score="1" ViewCount="199" Body="&lt;p&gt;For manual testing we are using checklists. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The problem: over time, checklists are growing larger with many very specific cases that can be skipped in most of situations. But it takes too much time to just read these not needed cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm searching for a tool that can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;before building a checklist we determine some characteristics of product under test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;build final checklist only from actual cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;so when creating a new testcase, we should determine properties of product that makes this case actual for checking current product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more clear understanding of my question, here is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/showflat.php?Cat=0&amp;amp;Board=UBB40&amp;amp;Number=647968&amp;amp;Searchpage=1&amp;amp;Main=647968&amp;amp;Words=%20Ofervil&amp;amp;topic=&amp;amp;Search=true&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;similar problem&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hi All,&#xA;  we are developing an application which is a web site. our customers has its own requests and for each customer we have the same web site with different configuration,one have specific fields that the other don't,one have different windows that other don't have,one is working SSO and the other don't,one is using IE6 and the other IE7,8.&#xA;  my mission is to test this web site and the problem is that if i'll write a test document for specific customer it will not fit the others.it's so close but yet so different.&#xA;  does anyone have an idea of how to solve this problem?&#xA;  thanks  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17027" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T06:12:58.480" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T09:03:09.963" Title="Filtering testing checklists or managing them in a better way than a Word/Excel document" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1573" CreationDate="2016-07-13T14:19:47.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Wikipedia the definition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Showstopper#Computing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Showstopper&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A hardware or software bug of extreme severity which requires an immediate fix&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's a &quot;Functional Show Stopper&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe a broken module which needs an immediate fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where do you see this term? You wrote &quot;Functional Show Stopper comes as one parameter of 'Priority'.&quot; Sorry, I don't understand this sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7680" LastEditorUserId="7680" LastEditDate="2016-07-13T14:25:22.963" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T14:25:22.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20489" CreationDate="2016-07-13T20:51:04.867" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is usually caused due to timing. I think the element is not visible when the code is executed for that element. So wait for a few seconds until the element appears&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can try sleep(2000)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try using Javascript executor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaScriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click()&quot;, WebElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19270" LastActivityDate="2016-07-13T20:51:04.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20489" CreationDate="2016-07-14T00:46:57.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my mind, if it's angular and selenium, then the solution is protractor. Having said that have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this book&lt;/a&gt; if it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T06:37:52.153" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T06:37:52.153" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20493" CreationDate="2016-07-14T06:57:52.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can build a single variable out of these &lt;code&gt;data_1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;data_2&lt;/code&gt;, etc. as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#BeanShell_PostProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell PostProcessor&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; your Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Put the following code into the PostProcessor's &quot;Script&quot; area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;StringBuilder dataBuilder = new StringBuilder();&#xA;dataBuilder.append(&quot;{\&quot;data\&quot;:[&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;int ids = Integer.parseInt(vars.get(&quot;data_matchNr&quot;));&#xA;for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt;= ids; i++) {&#xA;&#xA;    dataBuilder.append(&quot;\&quot;&quot;).append(vars.get(&quot;data_&quot; + i)).append(&quot;\&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    if (i &amp;lt; ids) {&#xA;        dataBuilder.append(&quot;,&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;dataBuilder.append(&quot;]}&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;vars.put(&quot;data&quot;, dataBuilder.toString());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above code will concatenate all the variables prefixed with &lt;code&gt;data_&lt;/code&gt; coming from the Regular Expression Extractor into a single JSON array. You can refer the resulting value as &lt;code&gt;${data}&lt;/code&gt; where required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/StringBuilder.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;StringBuilder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/threads/JMeterVariables.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeterVariables&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use BeanShell: JMeter's Favorite Built-in Component&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T06:57:52.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6859" CreationDate="2016-07-14T14:36:01.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could simply just add the opt-out cookie to the browser.  This &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10668292/is-there-a-setting-on-google-analytics-to-suppress-use-of-cookies-for-users-who&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt; may help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19289" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T14:36:01.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20098" CreationDate="2016-07-14T14:37:29.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm unfamiliar with that command line library you're using but at a glance... The documentation states that cmd.get(command, callback(data)) accepts a command string and returns the results that were output to the callback function. To use it in a test I'd do something like this where assert.include is a partial match of the string &quot;data&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('your test', function(){&#xA;  cmd.get('git pull', function(data){&#xA;    assert.include(data, 'Already up-to-date.', 'Optional success message')&#xA;  }&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T14:37:29.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-14T15:20:56.180" Score="0" ViewCount="4773" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my company to access my application to record, i need internet connection (with auto proxy: Ex: &lt;a href=&quot;http://autoproxy.xx.xx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://autoproxy.xx.xx&lt;/a&gt;), how and where can i set this proxy in &lt;strong&gt;HTTPS Test script recorder?&lt;/strong&gt; thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19291" LastActivityDate="2021-01-21T01:09:22.957" Title="How to record using jmeter without proxy or through automatic proxy" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23445" CreationDate="2016-07-14T15:25:35.610" Score="0" ViewCount="4587" Body="&lt;p&gt;Writing tests with &lt;code&gt;c#/nunit&lt;/code&gt; and running tests on the same machine I could use &lt;code&gt;System.Windows.Forms&lt;/code&gt;, or call Autoit script to handle upload window that selenium can't interact with normally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this does not work if I run tests remotely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any option or trick to upload file using windows file upload dialog when executing tests remotely?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditDate="2020-01-13T18:40:41.150" LastActivityDate="2020-01-13T18:40:41.150" Title="How to handle file upload through windows form when using selenium grid?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20509" CreationDate="2016-07-14T16:38:33.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there is not any option or trick to upload a file using the windows file upload dialog when executing tests remotely.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-14T16:38:33.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20428" CreationDate="2016-07-14T17:43:39.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that you asked for either XPath of CSS but do not forget if you are using selenium webdriver you could also use linkText and partialLinkText.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a Java example of find by &quot;linkText&quot; then click:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Patient List&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you could also use &quot;partialLinkText&quot; then click:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(&quot;Patient List&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19293" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T16:30:18.000" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T16:30:18.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20489" CreationDate="2016-07-14T19:01:37.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I love protractor as any easy functional testing stack for angular-front-end sites I'm not sure I'd point at the tools you're using first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Verify it shows up somewhere on the page and that you can find it with your locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) If it's not on the page immediately, add a wait condition for the element to be visible, etc. in your script. If it's on the page but out of view check #3. If it continues to fail with a wait condition you can try a wait for a specific amount of time instead of a condition (&lt;code&gt;driver.sleep(integer)&lt;/code&gt; in JS)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) If it's on the page but not in the visible portion (viewport) it may be there but need to be brought into view before it can be interacted with normally. Sometimes you can bring this element into view by clicking it twice, giving the element &lt;code&gt;sendKeys('')&lt;/code&gt; with an empty string, etc. If that fails you may need to inject javascript into the browser to do your scrolling for your (ex &lt;code&gt;driver.executeScript('some javascript code');&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T06:39:07.280" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T06:39:07.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-15T04:38:41.950" Score="2" ViewCount="3764" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a tool that can help me automate test cases on website. I am currently using Selenium WebDriver, but it takes a lot of time to write down the test cases using WebDriver. Also many times a test written for one browser doesn't run perfectly on other browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am looking for a tool (other than Selenium IDE) through which I can generate the test scripts (preferably for Selenium) and those scripts can be run on different browser without much maintenance in case any elements id changes on the page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that tool can provide a good reporting and performance analysis like which page took how much time to open, that would be awesome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-09-04T10:14:09.780" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T19:06:09.193" Title="What selenium tools are good alternatives for SeleniumIDE?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20514" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21976" CreationDate="2016-07-15T04:45:05.297" Score="2" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Answer&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for all contributions to my issue. I end up my case with the following steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep same code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create excel file to generate JSON based on specific condition.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy JSON on excel file to script (//TODO: read from Excel)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Question&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm working a project that transform raw data to a chart to build a report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium to automate this site, the ultimate goal of this automation project is checking if data of chart returns correctly or not. Each option on the form will effect to how the data returns (and also chart displays but we just check data, we trust GoogleChart for displaying part).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue I face here is that the form is too complex: a lot of options and nested options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sample form structure&lt;/strong&gt; (please find an attachment for full structure)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;GeneralInfo&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;chartType&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Variable1&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;function&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;showPercentage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;categories (2 more nested level here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Variable2: same as 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Filter&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;variableName&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;operator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Option: 10+ options here&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I implement a method &lt;em&gt;CreateNewChart(string jsonString)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Create json for each case (e.g sort ASC, DESC, show percentage, ...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works but I see it is not a good solution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy to make mistake with json (you always need to take a look at a long long json string :) )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hard for maintainance if json structure changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking forward for more easier way to handle this one. Any advice, suggestion, comment are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ij3xx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Form editor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="18358" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T04:28:19.053" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T05:02:46.033" Title="How to handle automation code for complex form?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;form&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20513" CreationDate="2016-07-15T04:57:11.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think a code-less test automation like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testing-whiz.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testing-whiz.com/&lt;/a&gt; will fit your needs. Of course, you need to pay to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T04:57:11.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17475" CreationDate="2016-07-15T05:01:47.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Ami - You are doing it in a complicated way I guess&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why don't you try to fetch all data you need like in the very simple example below? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public Object[][] signUpPage1FieldValidationData() throws Exception{&#xA;           Object[][] retObjArr=getTestData(&quot;&amp;lt;your .xls file name&quot;,&quot;&amp;lt;your tab name&amp;gt;&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;fields which you wanted to fetch&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;           return(retObjArr);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T12:01:25.700" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T12:01:25.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15433" CreationDate="2016-07-15T05:07:13.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Simple way &amp;amp; working solution&lt;/em&gt;,&#xA;When you want to take action on Hidden element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First of all we know that &lt;em&gt;element should be visible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hidden_element.send_keys &quot;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once element get visible using selenium we can &lt;em&gt;easily take any action&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hidden_element.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope code snippet will help you! &lt;strong&gt;Try it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T05:07:13.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18731" CreationDate="2016-07-15T05:39:38.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Mohan - Can you add why you particularly looking for without iterator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very &lt;strong&gt;simple solution&lt;/strong&gt; without iterator&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public Object[][] signUpPage1FieldValidationData() throws Exception{&#xA;           Object[][] retObjArr=getTestData(&quot;&amp;lt;your .xls file name&quot;,&quot;&amp;lt;your tab name&amp;gt;&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;fields which you wanted to fetch&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;           return(retObjArr);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know, if you have some dificulty. All the best!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T05:39:38.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3464" CreationDate="2016-07-15T05:51:00.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Two reasons for occurrence of Stale element&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An element that is found on a web page referenced as a WebElement in WebDriver then the DOM changes (probably due to JavaScript functions) that WebElement goes stale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The element has been deleted entirely.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you try to interact with the staled WebElement[any above case], the StaleElementException is thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solutions to resolve them:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Storing locators to your elements instead of references&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DON'T&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.github.com&quot;);&#xA;search_input = driver.find_element_by_name('q');&#xA;&#xA;search_input.send_keys('hello world\n'); // Page contents refresh after typing in search results.&#xA;time.sleep(5);&#xA;&#xA;search_input.send_keys('hello frank\n'); // StaleElementReferenceException&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Do&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.github.com&quot;);&#xA;search_input = lambda: driver.find_element_by_name('q');&#xA;search_input().send_keys('hello world\n'); &#xA;time.sleep(5);&#xA;&#xA;search_input().send_keys('hello frank\n') // no stale element exception&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leverage hooks in the JS libraries used&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Using Jquery queue to get animation queue length.&#xA;animationQueueIs = &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;return $.queue( $(&quot;#%s&quot;)[0], &quot;fx&quot;).length;&#xA;&quot;&quot;&quot; % element_id&#xA;wait_until(lambda: self.driver.execute_script(animationQueueIs)==0)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moving your actions into JavaScript injection&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.driver.execute_script(&quot;$(\&quot;li:contains('Narendra')\&quot;).click()&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Proactively wait for the element to go stale&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Wait till the element goes stale, this means the list has updated&#xA;wait_until(lambda: is_element_stale(old_link_reference))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution, which worked for me, I have mentioned here if you have any additional scenario, which worked for you then comment below or contact me so that we can add into solution list&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-10-05T06:32:21.583" LastActivityDate="2018-10-05T06:32:21.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12100" CreationDate="2016-07-15T05:58:04.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will suggest to use xpath only if you don't have &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;id&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;classname&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tagname&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;em&gt;contains&lt;/em&gt; in xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For Android:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//label[contains(@id,'dv-textbox-label-SubList')]&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For iOS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;iosDriver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//UIAStaticText[contains(@name,'MOBDishwasher')]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-07-15T08:05:44.067" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T08:05:44.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20514" CreationDate="2016-07-15T11:26:34.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like &quot;Too complex&quot; means that it would need considerable time, resources and money to do what you wish to achieve.  It does &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; sound like 'too complex' means it can't be done period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggest you gather additional resources and get management on-board as to the scope of the project and what it will take to have good testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T11:26:34.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="929" CreationDate="2016-07-15T11:33:02.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Ashish - I have gone through issue. Sometimes, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(&quot;30000&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;failed. Work around I'm sharing which really works for me &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Working Solution :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static void waitForPageLoad(WebDriver wdriver) {&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(wdriver, 60);&#xA;&#xA;    Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; pageLoaded = new Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;() {&#xA;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public boolean apply(WebDriver input) {&#xA;            return ((JavascriptExecutor) input).executeScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).equals(&quot;complete&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    };&#xA;    wait.until(pageLoaded);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try It !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T11:33:02.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20638" CreationDate="2016-07-15T13:07:43.567" Score="6" ViewCount="106185" Body="&lt;p&gt;I executed cmd &lt;code&gt;adb devices&lt;/code&gt; from terminal but instead of getting list of connected devices, I observed below error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List of devices attached&#xA;adb server version (32) doesn't match this client (36); killing...&#xA;* daemon started successfully *&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get list of connected device?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T22:10:29.793" Title="How to resolve - &quot;adb server version (32) doesn't match this client (36); killing...&quot;" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20525" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-15T19:15:56.773" Score="1" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Microsoft Visual Studio and Selenium to test a webpage. This particular website requires a user to login to the web page and based on some settings, some elements will be displayed and some won't. There are only two types of users. What is the best design to implement tests like these? I am only validating the existence of elements or the lack of. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for both users I would sometimes run the same test. I considered using Visual Studio's TestCategories, but it can't figure out how to switch a variable per test category.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18705" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T19:54:32.370" Title="Testing Different User Setting's Effects On a Page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20525" CreationDate="2016-07-15T19:54:32.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would have 4 types of tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unauthenticated functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;authentication ('login') tests for happy and sad paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests for content for user type 1 (admin?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests for content for user type 2 (standard user?) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know your framework but those are the high level groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within each of those I would have detailed tests for specific functionality and for happy, sad and options paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;happy: when everything goes right and user enters information perfectly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sad: when the user doesn't enter information correctly and gets errors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;options: when the user enters additional optional information (happy and sad)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating the appropriate users is usually one of the trickiest parts of this area.  Your options are usually:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use an existing user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use the UI to create the users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use seed data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use special accounts only for staging/testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should work with the company, its process and the test framework to select the most appropriate approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-07-15T19:54:32.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20529" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-15T22:31:13.633" Score="1" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen this &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/12416/19318&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; regarding the Google CAPTCHA test site key and secret key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would that be of use while automating through HP UFT?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/12416/19318&quot;&gt;Automation and bypassing Google No CAPTCHA reCAPTCHA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19318" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T08:28:09.687" Title="Problems with using CAPTCHA test keys in automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-07-18T19:46:02.223" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20529" CreationDate="2016-07-16T08:48:22.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution using test keys is separate from test automation entirely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key use is embedded in the application. I recommend you approach development to implement a test mode in the application that applies the test keys, allowing CAPTCHA to pass automatically when running your test automation from the controlled test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This behaviour is what you build your test automation on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-07-16T08:48:22.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20542" CreationDate="2016-07-17T07:19:37.170" Score="2" ViewCount="15852" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to type 'calculator' on google text box so for that i wrote below code, its execute fine but there is &lt;code&gt;'InvalidElementStateException'&lt;/code&gt; message display so please help me how to solve that problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Calculator_Excel {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;        Xls_Reader xl = new Xls_Reader(&quot;D:\\Calculator.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;        int rowcount = xl.getRowCount(&quot;Addition&quot;);&#xA;        int Colcount = xl.getColumnCount(&quot;Addition&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Total Rows Are --- &amp;gt; &quot; +rowcount);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Total Columns Are ---&amp;gt; &quot; +Colcount);&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.co.in&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='sb_ifc0']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;calculator&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='gs_htif0']&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='sb_ifc0']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;        //for(int i =2;i&amp;lt;=rowcount;i++){&#xA;        //}&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exception:-&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: Element is disabled and so may not be used for actions&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 10.12 seconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.51.0', revision: '1af067d', time: '2016-02-05 19:11:55'&#xA;System info: host: 'user-PC', ip: '192.168.1.70', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=true, rotatable=false, handlesAlerts=true, databaseEnabled=true, version=46.0.1, platform=WINDOWS, nativeEvents=false, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true, locationContextEnabled=true, browserName=firefox, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;Session ID: 0709d0c5-5893-4a25-b88e-42db93e77ad1&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:206)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:158)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:678)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.execute(RemoteWebElement.java:327)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.sendKeys(RemoteWebElement.java:122)&#xA;    at Calculator_Excel.main(Calculator_Excel.java:24)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: Element is disabled and so may not be used for actions&#xA;Build info: version: '2.51.0', revision: '1af067d', time: '2016-02-05 19:11:55'&#xA;System info: host: 'user-PC', ip: '192.168.1.70', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.fxdriver.preconditions.enabled(file:///C:/Users/user/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous7563133565099206248webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:10051)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.checkPreconditions_(file:///C:/Users/user/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous7563133565099206248webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12585)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h(file:///C:/Users/user/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous7563133565099206248webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12602)&#xA;    at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.fxdriver.Timer.prototype.setTimeout/&amp;lt;.notify(file:///C:/Users/user/AppData/Local/Temp/anonymous7563133565099206248webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:623)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19326" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-21T06:54:53.087" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T06:54:53.087" Title="How to handle InvalidElementStateException in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2016-07-17T18:17:13.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Genymotion, go into Settings&gt;&gt; ADB, and instead of letting Genymotion use its custom adb, directly point it to android sdk on your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ALso besides genymotion, there are other applications that use adb that would cause this conflict problem. You will have to check your app list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7512" LastActivityDate="2016-07-17T18:17:13.740" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-17T20:05:56.823" Score="4" ViewCount="2229" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated testing of web site in JavaFX WebView&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a Web Site, for which I have to write automated tests. The WebSite is built with the following technologies: HTML, CSS, Js, AngularJS. The major issue is that my target browsers are:&#xA;•   Chrome (latest versions)&#xA;•   Mozilla (latest versions)&#xA;•   IE 11+&#xA;•   JavaFX WebView.&#xA;Therefore, I am quite stuck, because it is easy to find tools for automated testing for normal browsers but I have no clue, whether there is a tool that support both browsers and JavaFX WebView.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I have found two tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclipse.org/jubula/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Eclipse Jubula.&lt;/a&gt; I am not sure, that there is a possibility to conduct tests for JavaFX WebView here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.qfs.de/en/qftest/demos.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;QFS&lt;/a&gt;. Seems that it fits all my needs, but unfortunately, the license is too expensive. &#xA;Will be happy to receive any information: link to tools, tutorials, suggestions and so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19313" LastActivityDate="2018-09-10T03:03:29.570" Title="Tools for automated testing of web site in JavaFX WebView" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20539" CreationDate="2016-07-17T21:44:06.690" Score="3" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a calendar application, which allows a user to select &lt;code&gt;day&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;month&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;year&lt;/code&gt;, but the problem is the developers have not implemented any form of date validations, which means every month can have up to 31 days. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;year&lt;/code&gt; dropdown menu has a range from 1900 to 2016, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the &lt;code&gt;month&lt;/code&gt; dropdown menu has Jan, Feb ... Dec,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the &lt;code&gt;day&lt;/code&gt; dropdown menu always has 1~31, regardless of which month I choose.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The testing strategy I am thinking of is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against &lt;code&gt;29th Feb&lt;/code&gt;; expected to &lt;strong&gt;fail&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against &lt;code&gt;31st April&lt;/code&gt;; expected to &lt;strong&gt;fail&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one leap year and test against &lt;code&gt;29th Feb&lt;/code&gt;; expected to &lt;strong&gt;succeed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one leap year and test against &lt;code&gt;31st April&lt;/code&gt;; expected to &lt;strong&gt;fail&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Four scenarios above should provide a good coverage regarding leap years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are your opinions? Am I missing anything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-17T22:48:58.347" Title="Need to validate a calendar application against invalid dates" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20538" CreationDate="2016-07-17T22:48:58.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 29th Feb; expected to fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 31st April; expected to fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one leap year and test against 29th Feb; expected to succeed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one leap year and test against 31st April; expected to fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would consider adding more positive tests at day (time), month and year boundaries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 01 Jan; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 31 Dec; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 28th Feb; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one leap year and test against 28th Feb; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 1st Mar; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 1st Feb; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 1st May; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose one non-leap year and test against 30th June; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;choose a time that is in the next or previous day GMT-wise and test at that time; expected to pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-07-17T22:48:58.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20533" CreationDate="2016-07-18T03:55:51.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sumit,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is happening because the &lt;em&gt;sendKeys&lt;/em&gt; method must be used upon a &lt;em&gt;input&lt;/em&gt; field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The actions you must take are the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Google page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait until the search bar (id:sb_ifc0) is visible (See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-testing-tutorials-automation.com/2014/02/selenium-webdriver-how-to-wait-till.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on the search bar (id:sb_ifc0) in order to enable the text input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill in the search input (&lt;strong&gt;id:lst-ib&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's always good to wait for visibility of the elements you are going to interact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T03:55:51.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20533" CreationDate="2016-07-18T04:04:38.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id='sb_ifc0']&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is the xpath of the div within which the search text field of Google is placed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Replace the div's xpath with the xpath of the search text field and try to run your test. I think it should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='sb_ifc0']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;calculator&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To one of these,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='gs_htif0']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;calculator&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='lst-ib']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;calculator&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;calculator&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T04:10:30.043" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T04:10:30.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20543" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-18T04:11:27.303" Score="3" ViewCount="3574" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know how to log out of Facebook using python selenium.&#xA;here's my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys&#xA;import time&#xA;#from selenium folder include webdriver folders&#xA;&#xA;driver=webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;#Using this, we create the Firefox instance of Selenium webdriver.&#xA;driver.maximize_window()&#xA;driver.get(&amp;quot;http://www.facebook.com&amp;quot;)&#xA;assert &amp;quot;Facebook&amp;quot; in driver.title&#xA;user=driver.find_element_by_id(&amp;quot;email&amp;quot;)&#xA;user.clear()&#xA;user.send_keys(&amp;quot;sekar2225@gmail.com&amp;quot;)&#xA;&#xA;passw=driver.find_element_by_id(&amp;quot;pass&amp;quot;)&#xA;passw.clear()&#xA;passw.send_keys(&amp;quot;emmawatson1&amp;quot;)&#xA;&#xA;passw.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)&#xA;&#xA;logout=driver.find_element_by_id(&amp;quot;userNavigationLabel&amp;quot;)&#xA;logout.click()&#xA;logout1=driver.find_element_by_class_name(&amp;quot;uiLinkButtonInput&amp;quot;) #error in this line&#xA;logout1.click()&#xA;&#xA;time.sleep(5)&#xA;&#xA;driver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19303" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-12-15T14:59:28.707" LastActivityDate="2021-02-13T19:04:00.420" Title="How to log out in facebook using python selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14718" CreationDate="2016-07-18T04:15:59.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simplest way to install any app on emulator&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drag and drop your .apk file on your emulator. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will install and restart emulator itself &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your app will be ready to use !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T04:15:59.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20611" CreationDate="2016-07-18T04:28:56.683" Score="9" ViewCount="4664" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing automated test cases for a company. One interesting problem is that texts on a webpage overlap each other, is there anyway to validate against this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IaT0r.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IaT0r.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T13:04:55.177" LastActivityDate="2019-08-02T16:49:32.987" Title="How to validate against texts overlapping each other using selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20513" CreationDate="2016-07-18T04:34:05.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try various TDD framework, I have used Robot before and it was really good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://robotframework.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also take a look here, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/cucumber/cucumber-tutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/cucumber/cucumber-tutorial/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Robot and Cucumber both offer a high level of selenium scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T04:34:05.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12310" CreationDate="2016-07-18T06:30:15.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Rajesh, Below &lt;strong&gt;solution works for me&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var myDropdownOption = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;industrySector-sector&quot;)).Where(x =&amp;gt; x.GetProperty(&quot;value&quot;).ToString().Contains(&quot;Computer Software&quot;)).First();*&#xA;&#xA;myDropdownOption.click;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give a try !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T06:30:15.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20513" CreationDate="2016-07-18T06:30:35.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nightwatch.js&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; instead of Selenium as this is easy to use and learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can write your script in less time and it will fulfill almost all requirement as Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is node.js based testings environment. The good thing is, It uses selenium server to run the cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here is the guide by which you can set up test environment quickly: &lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/guide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://nightwatchjs.org/guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it is Free :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6707" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T06:30:35.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20552" CreationDate="2016-07-18T08:48:52.810" Score="0" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a webpage, where there is an option to upload a new website logo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the new logo is uploaded, it has the same element id that of the previous logo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written the automation script using selenium to upload the new image, but I need to verify via automation that the webpage is displaying the new logo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16447" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T10:09:26.540" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T08:36:16.400" Title="Selenium: Page logo is replaced, need to verify if the new logo appears" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20551" CreationDate="2016-07-18T08:53:13.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We cannot perform image recognition in selenium, following way can be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upload image with unique file name (Probably appending the date and time to image file)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the after new image name file name in the image tag is what you uploaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S: For image recognition you can use open source automation tool which is based on image recognition called sikuli (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt;). You can integrate this tool with selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T09:14:50.597" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T09:14:50.597" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13627" CreationDate="2016-07-18T09:22:00.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Seetharaman,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try below solution -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hidden_element.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;hidden_element.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can expect good results from snippet! Let me know if your problem exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T09:22:00.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20554" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-18T10:02:18.897" Score="0" ViewCount="576" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to record automated tests against a web application using Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to run these tests automatically against various environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this possible? From what I have read, I can export them and run them that way but I'm unsure about how to do this and what I would need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am essentially starting from scratch and have no experience with code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19340" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:08:54.637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:08:54.637" Title="How do I run Selenium IDE recorded tests consistently against several environments?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20554" CreationDate="2016-07-18T10:31:25.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest approach is to use the 'Base URL' in IDE.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#using-base-url-to-run-test-cases-in-different-domains&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#using-base-url-to-run-test-cases-in-different-domains&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Base URL field at the top of the Selenium-IDE window is very&#xA;  useful for allowing test cases to be run across different domains.&#xA;  Suppose that a site named &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.portal.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://news.portal.com&lt;/a&gt; had an in-house beta&#xA;  site named &lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.news.portal.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://beta.news.portal.com&lt;/a&gt;. Any test cases for these sites&#xA;  that begin with an open statement should specify a relative URL as the&#xA;  argument to open rather than an absolute URL (one starting with a&#xA;  protocol such as http: or https:). Selenium-IDE will then create an&#xA;  absolute URL by appending the open command’s argument onto the end of&#xA;  the value of Base URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another approach is to save your test suite in different names after changing the Base URL upfront.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Like most programs, there are Save and Open commands under the File&#xA;  menu. However, Selenium distinguishes between test cases and test&#xA;  suites. To save your Selenium-IDE tests for later use you can either&#xA;  save the individual test cases, or save the test suite. If the test&#xA;  cases of your test suite have not been saved, you’ll be prompted to&#xA;  save them before saving the test suite. When you open an existing test&#xA;  case or suite, Selenium-IDE displays its Selenium commands in the Test&#xA;  Case Pane.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T10:31:25.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20513" CreationDate="2016-07-18T12:08:14.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, that would be awesome, but there is no such tool.  (If you are very ambitious, you can try writing it yourself.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reality of cross-platform UI automation is that it is brittle and requires a lot of maintenance.  Any vendor who claims otherwise is more interested in taking your money than solving your problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hire someone who is better at using WebDriver than you are.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask yourself whether you are trying to be too ambitious with your UI automation.  Choose areas where WebDriver makes sense.  Leave the rest for manual testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for ways to change your product so that WebDriver is easier to use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T12:08:14.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15591" CreationDate="2016-07-18T12:53:26.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very easy to handle excel data using POI as well as JXL jar in selenium.Mostly for jxl jar/POI you have to use &lt;code&gt;Dataprovider&lt;/code&gt; in TestNG for easy purpose.&#xA;You can find more details in this article ,it has given datadriven framework implemention here .&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikishown.com/selenium-tutorials/data-driven-framework-with-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reading data from excel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15955" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T12:53:26.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20411" CreationDate="2016-07-18T13:03:58.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to your question use &lt;code&gt;ExplicitWait&lt;/code&gt; command, this is useful in finding the elements until it gets enables in webpages. It will wait until you get desired element in webpage as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElement(By.xpath(&quot;xpath expression&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find real time examples in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikishown.com/selenium-tutorials&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15955" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T16:30:09.383" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T16:30:09.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20560" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-18T15:43:52.247" Score="1" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company has a bunch of automated test cases for our regression sweeps made using Selenium. We would like to add load to some of them but can't figure out a viable way to do it because the data can be dynamic. Any help will be greatly appreciated. Please let me know if you need more information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19005" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T09:09:02.447" Title="What is a good method to add load to automated test cases using JMeter?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20560" CreationDate="2016-07-18T16:00:11.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the data, but jmeter can get and store variables to use, you can also set your own variables. It is quite an easy thing to do if you're familiar with basic jmeter. Here's some links on getting started:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Basic getting started with HTTP Requests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207421395-Using-User-Defined-Variables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Defined Variables&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T16:00:11.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-18T18:04:23.150" Score="1" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;In checking Google Analytics to get develop a browser support list for my site, I'm finding that almost all (&lt;em&gt;see below&lt;/em&gt;) Android versions are using the same version of Chrome (at the time of this writing it's 51.0.2704.81).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are not any functionality or rendering differences between the same version of Chrome on different versions of Android, this will simplify testing greatly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does any one know if this is the case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The one exception I'm seeing is that LG devices using 4.4.2 seem to be stuck at Chrome version 34.0.1847.118.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6018" LastEditorUserId="6018" LastEditDate="2016-07-18T19:19:35.403" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T01:12:07.580" Title="Is there any difference in versions of Chrome across Android OS versions?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20563" CreationDate="2016-07-18T18:36:41.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A random person on StackExchange can't know whether you can safely test your site against only one version of Chrome for all Android versions.  You need to consider who your users are, what happens if the the site breaks on a different Chrome versions, and whether the downside is worth the additional testing effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-18T18:36:41.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20563" CreationDate="2016-07-19T01:07:02.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certainly there are differences between version but of course it depends on what specific version you compare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for seeing most traffic under 1 version, this may be a side-effect of most recent versions using the evergreen approach to constantly update to the latest versions.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/14555389/631619&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/q/14555389/631619&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current Ubuntu Chrome version is 51.0.2704.106, very very close to your listed version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try running those analytics over longer time periods to see browser versions slowly rolling forward for evergreen browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T01:12:07.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20567" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-19T01:23:28.693" Score="0" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can automation be done from Sprint1 in agile environment, since there is no UI from which we can identify objects with different locators?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19349" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-07-19T01:41:44.527" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T20:08:19.073" Title="Automation in agile sprints" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20560" CreationDate="2016-07-19T01:41:20.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter is made for generating load, and WebDriver is made for testing user interfaces.  Neither is great for doing the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can configure JMeter to talk to WebDriver -- see &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverTutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this tutorial&lt;/a&gt; -- but you cannot just drop your existing WebDriver test into JMeter; you have to rewrite it in a way that only works with JMeter.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going the other direction, some have tried using multiple instances of WebDriver-operated browsers to generate load, but that doesn't scale.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend scripting something that launches JMeter, then runs your WebDriver tests in a different process, then stops JMeter afterward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T01:41:20.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20567" CreationDate="2016-07-19T01:46:15.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation is not limited to the UI. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers can start automating unit tests from the very beginning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The team could automate constructions towards Continuous Integration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, when the project is on a posterior stage you could start automating UI and Acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17370" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T01:46:15.100" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20567" CreationDate="2016-07-19T01:50:26.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is notoriously hard to automate a UI that does not exist yet.  In theory, if you and the UI designer work closely enough, you may be able to at least spec out your tests before the UI exists.  I have never seen this happen in practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other kinds of automation, though.  For example, you could write automated tests against APIs, or automation for installing software, or automation for creating test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T01:50:26.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18751" CreationDate="2016-07-19T06:14:43.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fuzz-based Testing&lt;/strong&gt; is :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple and offers a high benefit-to-cost ratio. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuzz testing can often reveal defects that are overlooked when software is written and debugged. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nevertheless, fuzz testing usually finds only the most serious faults.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fuzzers work best for problems that can cause a program to crash, such as &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buffer overflow, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross-site scripting, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Denial of service attacks, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Format bugs and SQL injection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Property-Based Testing&lt;/strong&gt; is :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Property-based testing stresses programs differently than tests biased by how the program “should” work. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Like using fuzz testing to find crashes or security vulnerabilities, this can discover edge cases that have not been covered by unit tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rather than checking the results with specific input, properties are asserted (“for any possible input, [some condition] should hold”), and a test runner searches for counter-examples.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@dzieciou - Shared as per my understanding. Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T06:14:43.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20028" CreationDate="2016-07-19T06:34:25.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Jakob - Found you again :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void waitForElement(WebElement value)&#xA;     {&#xA;         // wait for field&#xA;         WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(ad, 60);&#xA;&#xA;             wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(value));&#xA;             System.out.print(&quot;.&quot;);      &#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help ! Take up if you have any questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T06:34:25.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16888" CreationDate="2016-07-19T07:28:35.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great that you resolve on your own. Similar issue I faced. Below solution works for me -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open project in Eclipse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click on &quot;JRE System Library&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Properties&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &quot;JAVASE - 1.7&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, java version might be different. But this works perfectly!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T07:28:35.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2016-07-19T07:55:56.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you using Vysor? You may have installed it as a Chrome plugin. Please uninstall it because it also uses the Android SDK&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2559" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T07:55:56.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20551" CreationDate="2016-07-19T08:36:16.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For verifying Look and feel of the application , What Did was integrating an image comparison library to my selenium scripts .Selenium has the capability of taking screenshots , what we need to do is developing a solution which could compare the screen shots taken in current run against previously taken set of screens . In my case I had lot of screen shots to compare , but in your case if Logo is the only thing to be verified , You can use a static web page to do this easily . I have used free image comparison library written in .net as I am working with Selenium C# driver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8326" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T08:36:16.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18297" CreationDate="2016-07-19T08:59:22.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 1 :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/PageFactory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PageFactory&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;http://groups.google.com/group/webdriver/browse_thread/thread/59b77199ceca4f56/f29355bbdaba6db9?lnk=gst&amp;amp;q=AjaxElementLocatorFactory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AjaxElementLocatorFactory&lt;/a&gt; - PageFactory is a support class for the Selenium 2 Page Objects pattern which you are using, and the AjaxElementLocatorFactory is the factory for the element locators. In your case the constructor will looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public GoogleResultsPage() { &#xA;    PageFactory.initElements(new AjaxElementLocatorFactory(driver, 15), this);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code will wait maximum of 15 seconds until the elements specified by annotations will appear on the page, in your case the homePageLink which will be located by xpath. You will not need to use ElementPresent class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AjaxElementLocatorFactory uses SlowLoadableComponent internally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 2 :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static void waitForPageLoad(WebDriver wdriver) {&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(wdriver, 60);&#xA;&#xA;    Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; pageLoaded = new Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;() {&#xA;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public boolean apply(WebDriver input) {&#xA;            return ((JavascriptExecutor) input).executeScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).equals(&quot;complete&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    };&#xA;    wait.until(pageLoaded);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give a try, Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T08:59:22.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20560" CreationDate="2016-07-19T09:09:02.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, if you're asking for a &quot;good&quot; method, it is recommended to create the main load using JMeter &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; samplers and if needed run a single threaded Selenium test in parallel to monitor end-user experience and measure page rendering time, time of JavaScript execution, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for some reason you need to stick to Selenium, first of all, have you heard about &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes and it doesn't fit your needs - here are the options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on what programming language (Selenium client library) and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XUnit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;xUnit framework&lt;/a&gt; you use for your tests you can go for following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your tests written using Java and &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt; - you can re-use them in JMeter via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JUnit_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JUnit Request&lt;/a&gt; Sampler. Make sure you add all the dependency libraries to JMeter classpath. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-junit-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Use JUnit With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for details. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverTutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; which provides some level of Selenium integration. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can invoke your tests via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#OS_Process_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OS Process Sampler&lt;/a&gt; as well, but in that case JMeter metrics will be flaky.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T09:09:02.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14181" CreationDate="2016-07-19T09:13:03.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@ihossain, I have faced this issue and below solution works for me :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.submit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T09:13:03.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15177" CreationDate="2016-07-19T09:29:05.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@solTesting, I guess, You are messed up pop-up view and background view in UIAutomator Viewer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, Open using Appium inspector. Might you can expect better results !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T09:29:05.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15928" CreationDate="2016-07-19T09:33:44.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Bunny - Give a try to below solution :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element_select_frame.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;textBox.sendKeys(&quot;Bunny, Pls Enter your text in text box&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it will help ! Come up if you have queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T09:33:44.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16004" CreationDate="2016-07-19T09:48:54.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Rita, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It may happen that LinkText can be recognize by ff and not be phantomJS. This possibility has very less chances.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Can you give a try and use other locators like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can just use as &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'link=Forgot your password?', using xpath we should use as&#xA;  //a[.='Forgot your password?']&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can also specify the partial text of the link as &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;//a[contains(text(),'Forgot')]. This also can be written as&#xA;  //a[contains(.,'Forgot')]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Css we rewrite them as &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;css=a:contains('Forgot')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.1 Some times we may need to work with URLs with href attributes. The below xpath can also be used instead of finding the link text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;//a[@href='url']&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.2 With Css&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;css=a[href='url']&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T09:48:54.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20513" CreationDate="2016-07-19T11:56:36.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest getting down to HTTP protocol level and focus on simulating browser rather than driving a real browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliable record and replay (at least more reliable, with minimal correlation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increased execution speed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional tests can be converted to load tests in few seconds (even more increased execution speed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple browsers can be simulated by sending the relevant &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User-Agent&lt;/a&gt; header&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Client-side JavaScript won't be executed. You will still be able to record and replay JavaScript-driven calls i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajax_(programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AJAX&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual page &quot;rendering&quot; won't happen. You will still get the response in HTML form, but you will treat it as plain text. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're interested, there is a number of free and open source tools available, i.e. check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; article for the most popular ones highlighted and compared. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T11:56:36.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14181" CreationDate="2016-07-19T12:00:53.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This Answer is based on Selenium Webdriver:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are following reason to fail the script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you open up page , Submit All button is not loaded in page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Submit All button is not in visible area (or half visible). Note : selenium is only work with fully visible component&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may have multiple button or element on page with &lt;code&gt;//span[text()='Submit All']&lt;/code&gt; xapth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your element is not clickable so &lt;code&gt;element.click();&lt;/code&gt; is not working&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For 1st point you should wait until page is not fully loaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For 2nd scroll to the element or make button enable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For 3rd select the button that you want (change in xpath)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For 4rth check until element is clickable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know If any doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : Provide your error/log so we can identify exact problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T12:00:53.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-19T12:21:05.317" Score="0" ViewCount="456" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the xpath for the text I need to find-----&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/html/body/div/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[4]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td/form/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[3]/font&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;/html/body/div/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[4]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td/form/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[3]/font&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next I need to use &lt;code&gt;findelement.text();&lt;/code&gt; and I need to store Xpath's text value in variable so I can use it for calculation. This Xpath's text is numeric which is actually a text, which I need to convert it in to integer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So can you help me out , how to use &lt;code&gt;findelement.Text();&lt;/code&gt; and how to convert text to integer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19366" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T04:26:38.933" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T04:26:38.933" Title="I did findelement using Xpath, the next step i need to is findelement.text(); to get the text. how i can do that" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20508" CreationDate="2016-07-19T12:39:27.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems JMeter doesn't support PAC files. Try an alternative recording solution  i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206732579-Chrome-Extension&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Chrome Extension&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T12:39:27.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20508" CreationDate="2016-07-19T13:04:24.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did a Google search for &quot;JMeter automatic proxy&quot;.  The first search result said this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PAC fiels[sic] contain javascript which is executed by the browser to decide which proxy URL they want to use. JMeter is not a browser so it does not run this code. The solution is simply to resolve which proxy this script returns and input this value into JMeter directly, you can do this using the dev tools on most browsers, or just ask the IT dept. that maintains the thing to tell you the direct address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T13:04:24.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20589" CreationDate="2016-07-19T13:51:58.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I seeing that this is C#, so not sure if this would work. But you can use a new variable, whose type is WebElement, something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement ele = webdriver.FindElement(By.Xpath('Xpath_that_you_have'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that you need to replace &lt;code&gt;Xpath_that_you_have&lt;/code&gt; with the actual xpath that you have mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;use this &lt;code&gt;ele&lt;/code&gt; element and find the text for the element using the &lt;code&gt;Text&lt;/code&gt; attribute- using something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  String s1 = ele.Text;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Update : In C#, text is found using the Text attribute, not the text() method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then use the corresponding method to convert the text that you have to &lt;code&gt;int&lt;/code&gt;, type, which can be converted using the &lt;code&gt;Convert.Int32(string)&lt;/code&gt; method that you have in C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24690971/selenium-webdriver-c-sharp-get-text&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; to get a better idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Please change the code in C# accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T04:25:07.927" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20594" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-19T14:41:01.320" Score="0" ViewCount="2458" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to click on the last button (CurrentPageUp) in a row.&#xA;xPath does not work since nr of buttons change frequently.&#xA;I tried &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;ShowProducts_PagesTop&quot;]/span/button[11]/span')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does work but nr of buttons change frequently, so I cannot use it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tried to loop to last button and execute it, but failed as well.&#xA;Tried to select name but is is an arrow '&gt;' and not sure how to use the '&amp;gt;' equivalent in the code to find and click on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.... First range of button codes    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;button onclick=&quot;CurrentPageUp();&quot; class=&quot;ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; aria-disabled=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;ui-button-text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19371" LastEditorUserId="28730" LastEditDate="2018-11-08T15:31:05.197" LastActivityDate="2018-12-08T19:00:35.183" Title="Want to click on last button in row in python selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2789" CreationDate="2016-07-19T15:05:32.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While there are literally thousands of combinations of Android Devices/OS Versions, there's a few that stand out as leaders. Determine what Devices/OS's are most popular. This information is available online. Determine your threshold for testing coverage. ( Example; Only devices with a market share greater than 25%) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, make sure to look into any popular ( This is relative and for you to determine) devices that might have some kind of attribute that you'd like to confirm functions properly (abnormal screen resolution?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottom line is that we will never get 100% test coverage on all devices and OS configurations. Even with Emulators, we will always have to pick the most popular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19372" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T15:05:32.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20596" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-19T15:17:59.767" Score="0" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm relatively new to Webdriver, and I am wondering if it is possible to select items on a dropdown that use a guid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally, I would use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Select (driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;location&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as the page is using a random identifier for each of the dropdowns which change with each load of the page it is making it extremely difficult to automate!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the DOB as a whole has been completed, it's ID is 'DateOFBirth'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I could get some help with this, it would be greatly appreciated,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This the element for the &quot;Date&quot; dropdown&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select class=&quot;valid&quot; aria-invalid=&quot;false&quot;id=&quot;a9fbd53c8d354e4b8a5d74c5ad1499d5&quot; name=&quot;DateOfBirth.a9fbd53c8d354e4b8a5d74c5ad1499d5&quot; onchange=&quot;OnChangeDateOfBirth('a9fbd53c8d354e4b8a5d74c5ad1499d5', '190a3115711d4415aeaf6bf7fc658e2b', '3dbf7448224e4042ac1e477abc345981', 'DateOfBirth');&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't seem that there are any singulairties at all when the page is refreshed. is there any way I could start it using the default value? which is &quot;Date:&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Update&lt;/h2&gt; - I managed to resolve this using xpaths&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='content-holder']/ul/li[3]/ul/li[5]/fieldset/select&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;14&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19373" LastEditorUserId="19373" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T13:29:48.573" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T17:05:36.717" Title="Trying to select a dropdown item that is a random GUID" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-10-22T07:03:49.133" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24002" CreationDate="2016-07-19T18:32:20.447" Score="1" ViewCount="186" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any real locations, company headquarters, point of interest which contains a &quot;+&quot; plus sign in the name?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a real-world test to validate a webservice handles double-encoded urls properly. One of the parameters is a location that is geocoded into a lat/lon. I can't for the life of me find a single instance where this exists. (but surely there must be one)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when users submit a url-encoded location=Some+Place vs location=Some%2BPlace I can be sure they are getting the right location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T14:41:56.990" Title="Negative testing plus sign in url parameter" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20567" CreationDate="2016-07-19T20:08:19.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the things you can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create a documentation page for the project with best practices ( automation flow, code review standards, automation framework structure, coding best practices, CI process, execution and debugging )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;setup the automation repository&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;setup for how the data is generated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;review and add improvements in the automation framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create jobs for CI if you plan to use it this way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can start with a mapping of the objects if you have some documentation(like wireframes or acceptance criteria)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can even start to define tests if you have any kind of documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can start plan the automation and think outside-in, start high level and set a base to build upon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;estimate if you will have any additional costs that the management team should know ( mailing service, execution of the automation suite using services that provide cloud solutions like SauceLabs, BrowserStack, AWS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you are using a framework with support for BDD then you can define your scenarios at first and start implementation later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T20:08:19.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20594" CreationDate="2016-07-19T20:40:41.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried selectors for css or xpath like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button[onclick*='CurrentPageUp']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//button[contains(@onclick, 'CurrentPageUp')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-07-19T20:40:41.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20600" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20602" CreationDate="2016-07-20T05:32:15.083" Score="3" ViewCount="6181" Body="&lt;p&gt;After sign-in into any application, default browser pop-up would appear on screen like &lt;strong&gt;Would you like Firefox to remember this login?&lt;/strong&gt; can we handle this pop-up with selenium IDE commands?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C5P8s.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/C5P8s.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T15:24:31.017" Title="How to handle the browser pop-ups in selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20600" CreationDate="2016-07-20T06:26:55.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium IDE cmd -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are limitations as to what can be replayed through Selenium IDE. It is not possible with IDE because the popup is not a html object and will not have any locator. It is an ActiveX object. I would suggest you try Selenium Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't bother building tests using Selenium IDE, even though the Selenese script recorded by Selenium IDE can be converted to a webdriver script, you will loose chance of building modular tests if you do so. If application changes in future, you will have to modify all your tests independently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@Praveen, Give a try -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles =driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = handles.iterator();&#xA;&#xA;    String parent = it.next();&#xA;    String child = it.next();&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(child);&#xA;    //perform actions on child window&#xA;&#xA;    driver.close(); // only for child wondow&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;    //perform actions on parent window&#xA;&#xA;    driver.quit(); // After execution of main thread and for parent window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work around to handle pop-up -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are really looking to have some way to implement, You can use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Java AWT Robot class&lt;/em&gt;&quot; to handle the scenario. using this class you can perform mouse actions on basis of screen coordinates or you can use AutoIT to automate this process for handling windows popup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update us if you have queries or issue resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T09:01:35.083" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T09:01:35.083" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17270" CreationDate="2016-07-20T07:07:16.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree if we use exclude under method tag. I have another solution -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remove &quot;methods&quot; tag from &quot;class&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not include any method under  with prefix &quot;include&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While writing code use can use those methods which you really wanted to use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps ! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T07:07:16.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20600" CreationDate="2016-07-20T08:06:40.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another approach would be to disable such prompts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you disable the Firefox Password Manager then you shouldn't get the&#xA;  pop-up to remember passwords. Tools &gt; Options &gt; Security: Passwords:&#xA;  [] &quot;Remember passwords for sites&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you are using IDE and not really testing anything in the prompt, this solution should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For webdriver, it requires 1 additional step to build a profile with this setting and pass it in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T08:06:40.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20155" CreationDate="2016-07-20T09:11:51.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In manual testing you can exploit the vulnerability of a web application. For achieving this task you can use below mentioned points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OWASP Mutillidae&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OWASP Mutillidae is a purposely vulnerable web application containing more than 40 vulnerabilities. It includes all of the OWASP top 10 vulnerabilities. Further this application is a good platform to gain security testing services skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BURP Suite Proxy&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another tool which can be used is Burp Proxy. This is an interception proxy tool that interacts between the client (a browser application, e.g., Firefox or Chrome) and the website or server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Burp Suite intercepts that request from your machine to the server/website and you can change the request according to your needs. To intercept the request, Burp Proxy listener must be configured on a 127.0.0.1 localhost and port 8080. Then you can also set this proxy configuration in your web browser. After doing so, go to Burp Suite =&gt; proxy tab =&gt; Intercept is on (make sure this button is pressed). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T09:11:51.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20155" CreationDate="2016-07-20T09:54:09.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Before starting to perform any penetration testing you should document/research about what this type of testing implies.You can check owasp top 10.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you have permissions to test if you want to do this at work.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a plan with what things you want to cover.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you know what are you doing, when you submit some code you should know the possible result else you might do things like: delete databases, introduce vulnerabilities, block the testing environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If possible you should ask for a dedicate environment an you should not test on the same environment where: some other testers are testing in the same time as you do, automation suite is running, a demo is held, other members of the team depend on that environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you plan to use some tools in the future, use known tools that you trust.&#xA;Another thing you could do is to find some vulnerable apps and tutorials to gain some knowledge.&#xA;An example of vulnerable web app is webgoat.&#xA;Please note that testing vulnerable apps locally should be done in a controlled environment, consider using a VM with no access to the internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T09:54:09.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15033" CreationDate="2016-07-20T10:59:04.500" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;can we use this appender.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;      &#xA;         &lt;strong&gt;testname&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;         &lt;strong&gt;testrun&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;      &#xA;      &#xA;         &#xA;            ${testname}.log&#xA;            &#xA;               &lt;strong&gt;${testname}.%i.log&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;               1&#xA;               100&#xA;            &#xA;            &#xA;               10MB&#xA;            &#xA;            &#xA;               %d{ISO8601} %-5level %C{1} [%M:%L] [%thread] - %msg%n&#xA;            &#xA;         &#xA;      &#xA;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19382" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T10:59:04.500" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20545" CreationDate="2016-07-20T11:38:50.877" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this overlapped texts belongs to single element, lets say label, or text field. You can locate that element and use &quot;webElement.Text.Contains(&quot;the text you want to validate&quot;);&quot; method to validate your expected text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if the overlapped texts belongs to different element, you can simply locate that specific element and validate the text of that element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope, it will help.&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18421" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T11:38:50.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20545" CreationDate="2016-07-20T13:04:35.990" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are trying to detect if elements are overlapping. You will need some way in the clientside to tell you if two elements are colliding. I would try &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/p/jquerycollision/wiki/Home/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jQuery collision&lt;/a&gt; for this or some &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14012766/detecting-whether-two-divs-overlap&quot;&gt;custom JavaScript code&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add or &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/djangofan/7677995&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;inject&lt;/a&gt; jQuery and jQuery collision to the web-app under test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;javascriptExecutor&lt;/a&gt; to fire a collision detection on two elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if there is a collision in the return value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T08:32:20.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17643" CreationDate="2016-07-20T13:05:57.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on your resources, it might be helpful to have a set of VM's created that have diff combinations of OS's and web browser versions. Determine your threshold for coverage. Look at the latest statistics on browser market share and set up VM's with those browsers that fall within your need. This is far more accurate than running emulators. It takes some resources to set this up, but its worth it in the end to know you have access to all the browsers you'd need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19372" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T13:05:57.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20600" CreationDate="2016-07-20T15:42:39.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is not an actual popup. If you click/focus on any element in the page it should disappear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you need to handle that browser notification? to remember the password?&#xA;If not it should not be an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="18490" LastEditDate="2016-07-20T15:53:51.320" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:53:51.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20596" CreationDate="2016-07-20T15:50:00.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also use css selectors like these:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select[name*='DateOfBirth']&#xA;select[onchange*='DateOfBirth']&#xA;#content-holder select[name*='DateOfBirth']&#xA;#content-holder select[onchange*='DateOfBirth']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:50:00.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17400" CreationDate="2016-07-20T15:54:33.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a basic control not found error, I would start working up the Automation tree with the control's parents to see that you can find each one using the drawhighlight function below, and then work your way down to this control using this function to troubleshoot and find at which level the search is failing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;control.Drawhighlight(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also inspect the control using Microsoft's &quot;VisualUIAVerify&quot; tool to see that you have the correct search properties configured such as the AutomationId and Name of the control. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8069" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T15:54:33.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-20T17:52:31.567" Score="0" ViewCount="943" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am tasked with creating regression suite from scratch for this huge, confusing mess of a software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General idea is like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User presses &quot;Create this thing&quot;, first step of thing creation is displayed, user fills many boxes, dates, checks many checkboxes, if everything is OK, user can proceed to step two, adds different information relevant to step two, refines existing from step one, uploads some data, moves to step three, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In total there are 12 steps, each step depends on previous one in what data to display, what options are available for user etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its not possible to open step 9, and check how that works. You need to either open existing thing that is left at step 9, or create new and move through all the steps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New features are added to existing steps. Like, in step 8, tool is added that lets user do some stuff, affecting some other steps. (main manual testing happens testing these features)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This workflow is further split by sub-workflows accessible in specific steps (again, depending on general data entered in this thing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All these things after creation (starting from step one) are grouped into tons of reports, moved to different systems etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's all weird business logic that doesn't really make sense to anyone including users and new features adding further complexity just keep getting thrown on top of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem and question is this: &lt;strong&gt;How do you automate functionality of this?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, my approach, using webdriver/c#/nunit has not been very successful, due to following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;[Test] methods are supposed to be simple- test one thing, assert something. I cant assert one thing. Because if that stuff I need to test is in step 5 and only accessible if I did something in step 3, my small simple test needs to &quot;Create new thing&quot; , and move correctly through all steps up to 5. Oh. And then create another and fill different data in step 3. And now my simple test is  huge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;[Test]s are supposed to be independent. I cant do tests that test one thing, then pass some data to [Test]2 etc and move thorough steps in that way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Management wants to automate User stories. &quot;Button move to step 3 takes you to step 3&quot; type. Useless, because you can always move to step 3 if you press the button, what matters is what happens during transition and what happens depends on various data entered in previous steps. Ahhh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to at least try something I try to organize tests like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describe elements in one place according to where they are found. Describe all common used methods in one place. Like PageObect model.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create huge &quot;Create thing&quot; function that takes many arguments, like what data to input in which step, at which step to stop and automates creation without really testing anything. And various others that automate some functionality depending on arguments passed but don't test anything themselves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When creating [Test]s I call functions that create and move thing through workflow first, with arguments that I need for that specific test. Then I manipulate some data and make assertions for that specific feature that I got to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So now my tests are kind of small and independent of each other BUT in reality they do a lot of crap and take a long time. And are horrible to debug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T02:53:03.507" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T02:53:03.507" Title="How to automate functionality of this complex web application?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2364" CreationDate="2016-07-20T18:42:38.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Full Disclosure.... I work for Pragmatic Works) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pragmatic Works' LegiTest allows for automated Data Validation to quickly verify your data is accurate, error-free, and up-to-date between any two systems with an OLEDB/ODBC/ADO.Net connection (including databases, applications, and web services). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Users are instantly notified with data validation results, allowing for error remediation before the impacts of the data error can be felt by the business. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pragmaticworks.com/Products/LegiTest/Feature/Reconcile-Your-Production-Data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pragmaticworks.com/Products/LegiTest/Feature/Reconcile-Your-Production-Data&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19391" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T18:42:38.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20620" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-20T18:43:22.440" Score="1" ViewCount="607" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started working in automation development with selenium and am told it is a hot field and can earn some high-end coding salaries. We recently hired a new manager who once hired immediately took us off of that to do the dev's unit testing until it is 100% code coverage. I'm worried, among other issues with that strategy, that I will not return to automation I will be stuck. How much more value is automation vs unit testing career wise? Is this a regressive move professionally?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19392" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T00:55:24.463" Title="unit testing vs automation selenium resume value" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;.net&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-21T15:25:02.733" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16888" CreationDate="2016-07-20T19:32:06.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Issue has solved I was looking in different folder which had different pom.xml, :p :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T19:32:06.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20620" CreationDate="2016-07-20T20:37:18.237" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation is not high-end coding.  You will not become wealthy doing either test automation or unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, unit-testing is not a separate job title.  Experience with unit testing is more likely to lead to a career as a developer than Selenium automation.  You are likely to make more money as a developer than as a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-20T20:37:18.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20620" CreationDate="2016-07-20T21:21:20.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That was what I had previously believed also (because I've done dev) until my current position whereas the director is my source for this who actually sees the numbers.  Although, maybe its more specialialist thing.  You generally don't become wealthy as anyone's employee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19393" LastEditorUserId="19393" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T00:55:24.463" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T00:55:24.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-20T23:59:45.560" Score="-1" ViewCount="44424" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having problems fully understanding the purpose of keyword driven frameworks compared to data-driven frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What circumstances would make a keyword-driven framework more appropriate for an automated test suite than a data-driven framework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T06:53:17.723" LastActivityDate="2018-11-21T05:12:20.800" Title="What is the difference between keyword driven and Data driven frameworks in Automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;keyword-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20625" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T00:31:57.797" Score="1" ViewCount="1272" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have configured a Selenium TestNG project in Jenkins which contains 35 Test Cases. I'm not getting any emails when a test case fails in my Test Suite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I configure Jenkins or my test suite need to get email when a test case fails?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19399" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T11:09:26.117" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T11:05:47.523" Title="Email is not sent when a test case fails in Jenkins Test suite" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20626" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T02:00:16.647" Score="1" ViewCount="8228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently had an interview question what problems did you have while testing in Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, I have experience in Selenium, but maybe I was testing a simple application, but I dried up quickly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problems are typical of any QA process, such as bugs would not go away even after developers fix the code. But what possible problems you may have with Selenium? There maybe syntax error, but it is not Selenium's fault or you can't import a specific library, but again Selenium is not the one to blame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what are possible hypothetical issues that you might have experienced in Selenium when it was Selenium related?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More broadly, when someone asks you about possible issues while automated what would be the best answer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T21:47:20.253" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T22:38:09.670" Title="What are the challenges with automation when using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-07-25T11:15:31.643" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20627" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T02:24:45.900" Score="0" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package webdriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Gmail {&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * @param args&#xA; */&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;    WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;arung@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Next&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;welcome&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signIn&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got the following error. Please help me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 186 milliseconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit:  http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30 17:37:03'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19403" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T03:06:29.900" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T03:14:18.360" Title="I got the following error while automating gmail page" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20627" CreationDate="2016-07-21T03:14:18.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It means that Selenium was not able to find the locator that you have mentioned. Since the issue is on locator with id &lt;code&gt;&quot;Next&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, it is throwing exception at this point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just checked and the locator for this on Gmail page should be with id &lt;code&gt;&quot;next&quot;&lt;/code&gt; because this is what the HTML shows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;next&quot; class=&quot;rc-button rc-button-submit&quot; type=&quot;submit&quot; value=&quot;Next&quot; name=&quot;signIn&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &quot;next&quot; in the code for the id field and it should work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I would recommend -try doing a little bit more of research before posting a question. This is one of the most basic issues faced with Selenium and you will have go your answer if you would've researched a bit- on the web or on this site as well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T03:14:18.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20545" CreationDate="2016-07-21T04:20:25.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I am thinking is as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;e = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//someXpath&quot;)&#xA;location = e.location&#xA;size = e.size&#xA;print(location)&#xA;print(size)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I can get the size and location for an element, given an element is symmetrical, I can calculate its boarders as well. As long as one element's boarder does not cross into others', I will say they are not overlapping. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T04:20:25.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20618" CreationDate="2016-07-21T06:23:25.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I imagine your application to be somewhat analogous to an auto-insurance website.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Page 1: Fill personal info&#xA;Page 2: Fill vehicle info&#xA;Page 3: Fill previous insurance history&#xA;Page 4: Choose insurance type&#xA;Page 5: See Quote&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are validations to be performed in each page but you cannot move onto 'Page 2' without filling 'Page 1'.  The approach you listed seems to be ideal for the scenario.  You will actually test the business flow every time.  The additional execution time will be the trade-off.  I don't see a problem in the maintenance aspect though, since everything is still organised.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not think of any better approach that would not skip the UI layer.  But if you have an option to skip UI layer in certain test phases, you could go with other frameworks. Example, if 'Page 2' uses a webservice, you can test it directly just by passing dummy 'Page 1' values. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T06:23:25.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20634" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T07:24:59.950" Score="5" ViewCount="13161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have researched this question on the web, but still don't understand the difference clearly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please help! thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T08:31:12.540" Title="Difference between Test case, Test specification, Test procedure and Test design?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20634" CreationDate="2016-07-21T08:01:17.680" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test case = is a set of conditions under which a tester will determine&#xA;  whether an feature can function as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test specifications = well defined conditions that will define test&#xA;  results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test procedure = how a test is carried out, what to do for step 1,&#xA;  step 2 and etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test design = how a test is conceived from abstract ideas into a test&#xA;  case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are given an iOS game to test, what you normally do will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sit down, use your knowledge, experiences and other techniques (such as brain storm) to decide how to test this game; you may decide to &lt;strong&gt;test this game as a gamer playing it from beginning to ending&lt;/strong&gt;. You are &lt;strong&gt;designing a test&lt;/strong&gt; here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With this big picture in mind, playing this game as a gamer, you need to specify how to play this game, such as &lt;strong&gt;how much time&lt;/strong&gt; you should play? &lt;strong&gt;how many levels&lt;/strong&gt; you should play? &lt;strong&gt;how much score&lt;/strong&gt; you need to play to? answers to those three questions will be &lt;strong&gt;test specifications&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After you start playing this game, you notice there is a nasty game-breaking bug that will be triggered when you kill the second boss using a laser cannon from his behind; you write it down on a piece of paper, I have discovered a big bug, you need to &lt;strong&gt;firstly&lt;/strong&gt; acquire a laser cannon from first level, &lt;strong&gt;then&lt;/strong&gt; go to the second boss, &lt;strong&gt;lastly&lt;/strong&gt; shoot him from behind. This procedure is basically a &lt;strong&gt;test procedure&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;a list of steps&lt;/strong&gt; you need to carry out in order in order to achieve a testing goal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can consider this whole scenario as a single test case, but as a general rule, a test case targets &lt;strong&gt;a single feature&lt;/strong&gt;, such as this game can start normally by pressing &quot;start&quot; button. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T06:42:58.277" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T06:42:58.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2016-07-21T09:59:36.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Faced this issue on Mac:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried different solution, But below works for me -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uninstall &quot;&lt;em&gt;Vysor&lt;/em&gt;&quot; plugin if you have installed for Chrome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under Home folder &gt; find .Android folder and move to trash&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Goto, Android sdk &gt; delete/move to trash platform-tools folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Again install/download from Android SDK Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open terminal -&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb kill-server&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb start-server&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check &lt;code&gt;adb devices&lt;/code&gt;, It will work and display you all connected devices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T09:59:36.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20640" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25564" CreationDate="2016-07-21T10:26:24.147" Score="1" ViewCount="14277" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to use Headless testing using HTMLUnitDriver library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code with keyboard keys events working fine with real browser but same code is not working when using HTMLUnitDriver headless testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried below option-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//Using Action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;action.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;// using Keyboard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Keyboard keyboard = ((HasInputDevices) driver).getKeyboard();&#xA;keyboard.pressKey(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;// using sendkeys&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(search)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all the above code I not getting any error but also not performing any key event.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastEditorUserId="18187" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T07:50:04.640" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T07:50:04.640" Title="How to use Keyboard keys event in HtmlUnitDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20641" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T10:37:58.517" Score="1" ViewCount="5323" Body="&lt;p&gt;i tried using &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; to find elements. even though im getting the error &quot;unable to locate the element&quot;&#xA; please can anyone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML Snippet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; value=&quot;&quot; maxlength=&quot;256&quot; id=&quot;FileLeafRef_8553196d-ec8d-4564-9861-3dbe931050c8_$onetidIOFile&quot; title=&quot;Name Required Field&quot; class=&quot;ms-long&quot; size=&quot;35&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C# Code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;FileLeafRef_8553196d-ec8d-4564-9861-3dbe931050c8_$onetidIOFile&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;Newprojecttest&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19366" LastEditorUserId="7527" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T16:00:11.513" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:56:44.097" Title="Im unable to locate the element to enter the text in the txt box in c#" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20641" CreationDate="2016-07-21T10:52:31.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;in some times you will face this type of problems to find the elements, at that time you can try different methods, mostly it will work for &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findelement(By.name(&quot;xxxx&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By.name will work most of the times, same i have faced and resolved with these name locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15955" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:56:44.097" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:56:44.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20640" CreationDate="2016-07-21T10:56:24.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Robot object to work with Keyboard keys,as i have used the same in Browser Authentication to pass Username and password ,PFB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Robot rb = new Robot(); &#xA;StringSelection user = new StringSelection(&quot;RajKuc&quot;);&#xA;Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(user, null);&#xA;&#xA;//User which replace with entered user name //Copy Username data using&#xA;Ctrl+v as below `rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);`&#xA;&#xA;rb.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15955" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T12:57:19.713" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T12:57:19.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20641" CreationDate="2016-07-21T11:03:55.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try different selectors based on existing value of attributes that do not change or to use a selector based on a fixed part of the attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some css selectors that you can try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[id*='FileLeafRef']&#xA;input[id*='onetidIOFile']&#xA;input[title*='Name']&#xA;input[title='Name Required Field']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T11:03:55.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20625" CreationDate="2016-07-21T11:43:01.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is effectively useful if we implement and use in scripts. #ValueAddition.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;There are multiple reasons why the test fails:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Due to application downtime.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Due to the network issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Due to loading issue and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if the script is failing due to &lt;em&gt;xpath&lt;/em&gt; and some valid reason then you have to maintain for re work on your scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package TestNGDemo;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.IRetryAnalyzer;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.ITestResult;&#xA;&#xA;// implement IRetryAnalyzer interface&#xA;&#xA;public class Retry implements IRetryAnalyzer{&#xA;&#xA;      // set counter to 0&#xA;&#xA;       int minretryCount=0;&#xA;&#xA;      // set maxcounter value this will execute our test 3 times             &#xA;&#xA;      int maxretryCount=2;&#xA;&#xA;      // override retry Method&#xA;&#xA;       public boolean retry(ITestResult result) {&#xA;&#xA;            // this will run until max count completes if test pass within this frame it will come out of for loop&#xA;&#xA;              if(minretryCount&amp;lt;=maxretryCount)&#xA;&#xA;              {&#xA;                   // print the test name for log purpose   &#xA;&#xA;                     System.out.println(&quot;Following test is failing====&quot;+result.getName());&#xA;&#xA;                   // print the counter value    &#xA;&#xA;                     System.out.println(&quot;Retrying the test Count is=== &quot;+ (minretryCount+1));&#xA;&#xA;                   // increment counter each time by 1  &#xA;                     minretryCount++;&#xA;                     return true;&#xA;              }&#xA;              return false;&#xA;       }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps you !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T16:56:22.510" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T16:56:22.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20625" CreationDate="2016-07-21T12:04:35.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use email-ext Jenkins plugin and create a post build step. With this you can set what the email contains (for example create an html body for the email, attach the  results).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you check the advanced options you can add triggers for what case it should send the email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T12:04:35.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20641" CreationDate="2016-07-21T12:18:08.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend using a CSS selector,&#xA;yours would look something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input.ms-long&quot;));&#xA;element.SendKeys(&quot;Newprojecttest&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19250" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T12:18:08.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20641" CreationDate="2016-07-21T12:23:52.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use any of the below mentioned way to select that particular element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Xpath(&quot;//input[@title='Name Required Field']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Newprojecttest&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Xpath(&quot;//input[starts-with(@Id,'FileLeafRef')]&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Newprojecttest&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7527" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T12:23:52.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T12:38:20.250" Score="1" ViewCount="10117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using keyword driven framework to create the script in selenium.Any one please provide me script how to write the data into excel sheet with proper column names.&#xA;Suppose once the customer is created then it will create one customer id so i want to save this customer id in output.xls file with mobile number for each customer registration one by one,if i run for 100 test data records it should save 100 customers customer id with mobile number.Any one please help me in this once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15955" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T13:54:35.483" Title="How to write data into excel using selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20626" CreationDate="2016-07-21T13:10:36.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Richardson, I would like to mention few where I faced issues or &lt;strong&gt;challenges with Selenium&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Image or text overlapping issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No facility to deal with Captcha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn’t support any non web based (Like Win 32, Java Applet, Java Swing, .Net Client Server etc) applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you compare selenium with QTP, Silk Test, Test Partner and RFT, there are many challenges in terms of maintainability of the test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since Selenium is a freeware tool, there is no direct support if one is in trouble with the support of applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bitmap comparison is not supported by Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any reporting related capabilities, you need to depend on third party tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to learn any one of the native language like (.Net, Java, Perl, Python, PHP, Ruby) to work efficiently&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Difficult to identify dynamic objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working with frames&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium test playback is slow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JavaScript sandbox, Flash, Applets, Silverlight, and HTML 5’s Canvas all present problems in Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T13:10:36.440" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20650" CreationDate="2016-07-21T13:15:11.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@&lt;strong&gt;Lyndon&lt;/strong&gt;, Completely agree. @&lt;strong&gt;Rajesh&lt;/strong&gt;, Its not the area of Selenium. Its open source framework for web-automation and now they have extension of it for mobile platform called as Appium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not possible using Selenium!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T13:15:11.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20618" CreationDate="2016-07-21T13:43:27.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preparation and planning is the key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;If I had eight hours to chop down a tree, I'd spend the first six of them sharpening my axe.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to create a quick map/sketch of the workflow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define small methods/actions/steps that are reusable (in this case at least 12 steps)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In your defined methods use switch to decide when to change actions/data used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For every method use optional parameters or define default cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not validate/check to many things in the action steps, rather define separate validation steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use variables to check some conditions and execute actions if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Page Objects if possible to create scenarios to make things more simple&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define simple methods/steps to have something functional and improve after&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write smaller test that you can combine later&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define some scenarios, start implementing after&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have any plan you risk to create a test/suite that is hard to maintain, is not stable, is not efficient, you could waste some time rewriting the tests, code is hard to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="18490" LastEditDate="2016-07-21T13:48:45.360" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T13:48:45.360" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20654" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20657" CreationDate="2016-07-21T14:02:11.700" Score="6" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to write a convincing test which user can be convinced of that it is working as described by showing how I test this function. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any test scenarios to test randomness?&#xA;And what is an enough test for this scenario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, given a array, return one element from it randomly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//[] will cause indexOutOfBound &#xA;function luckyDraw(array){&#xA;    var index = rand(array.length) // get 0 ~ arraySize-1&#xA;    return array[index];&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basic scenario is the &quot;distribution&quot; evenly. I write a test, give it an array [0, 1, 2]. I run it 300 times, and check each time is 0 or 1 or 2. But it still have chance that 2 does not appear in this 300 times. So a better way is to run it with an &quot;enough times&quot; and they appear close to the expected times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how large is enough?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Except distribution, is there any testing scenarios for randomness? And how to do a good test for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19420" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-07-23T06:43:24.327" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T06:43:24.327" Title="How to test function which depends on random, such as lucky-draw?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20618" CreationDate="2016-07-21T14:11:32.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, your app is designed in a way it is really hard to test by a E2E script. Let's hope you started by having plenty of unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use page object to provide services to your test. Then, start with creating few &quot;happy path&quot; tests exercising most commonly used functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When done, start adding functionality which interrogates page object in which status it is (what happened after some action) and what should be done next. Yes, it is lots of complicated business logic duplicated in your test code. Yes, it will be fragile and hard to maintain. It is designed that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are frustrated, repeat to yourself: &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi-bin/wiki?TheConsultantsMantra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;it pays the same per hour&lt;/a&gt;. And look up that website (&lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WelcomeVisitors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;c2.com&lt;/a&gt;, the first original wiki), it is exhaustive repository with 20 years worth of  programming wisdom, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?CategoryLifeStrategies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;life strategies&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T14:11:32.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20656" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T14:16:14.060" Score="1" ViewCount="6233" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to appear for the examination, next week. If anyone has already taken it, please tell about the difficulty of questions that were in the exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Were there any out of syllabus questions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T06:09:59.113" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T14:51:18.020" Title="How difficult is the ISTQB Foundation level certification exam?" Tags="&lt;certification&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-16T13:22:08.283" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20654" CreationDate="2016-07-21T14:24:33.157" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you want to test functions that creates random outputs you come across a &quot;fundamental&quot; problem: you can't define an expected output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I write a test, give it an array [0, 1, 2]. I run it 300 times, and check each time is 0 or 1 or 2. But it still have chance that 2 is not appear in this 300 times. So a better way is run it with an &quot;enough times&quot; and they appear close to the expected times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with the scenario you described is that you don't test the randomness but the repeatability of the input data you gave. You can't make sure that after running your test 1000 times it won't return a '3' in one of the following runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start with testing such kind of functions I would recommend you reading about &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/147134/how-should-i-test-randomness&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;statistical tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T14:24:33.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20626" CreationDate="2016-07-21T14:51:03.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There might be slight differences in behavior of different browsers (because they are written by different teams).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium tests can be flaky - fail, and later pass with no changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As with many Open Source tools, documentation might less than perfect. Reference docs is there but examples might be scattered over blogs. This is rapidly improving recently. But it is hard to complain about free tool not being perfect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if your budget allows that, you can pay an expert to contribute missing features back to upstream (or if not accepted, fork the source) - because, with open source, you have the sources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found that in open source projects, developers are willing to work on features which are priority to you, if you pay them hourly rate, and agree resulting code to be included in the shared sources. And they are willing to do it for a very reasonable rate, cheaper than if you try to do it yourself (because they are already expert in the code, and likely thought about that your dream feature, but lacked the time to implement it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2018-02-14T22:38:09.670" LastActivityDate="2018-02-14T22:38:09.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20660" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-21T15:11:12.693" Score="-1" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to query QC to get the test instance id under a test set using Java API. Could anybody tell me what URL to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19427" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T21:19:42.297" Title="Get Test instance id using Java API" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20626" CreationDate="2016-07-21T15:36:53.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have a C# Selenium Framework (built on MSTest or even NUnit) then you may have issues running Parallel tests. Especially if you want to fire these tests off in BrowserStack or SauceLabs. Java framework at least has TestNG to help with this but for dotnet it is a lot trickier... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19429" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T15:36:53.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20467" CreationDate="2016-07-21T16:58:22.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Platform independent way to create folder would be something like:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File rootDir = File.listRoots()[0];&#xA;File dir = new File(new File(new File(new File(rootDir, &quot;Users&quot;), &quot;xyz&quot;), &quot;screencapture&quot;), &quot;new folder you want to create&quot;);&#xA;if (!dir.exists()){&#xA;    dir.mkdirs();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7527" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T16:58:22.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20656" CreationDate="2016-07-21T19:54:02.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, everything will be &lt;strong&gt;IN&lt;/strong&gt; syllabus. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can find enough exercises on the internet, please attempt them all before you go.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use your common sense for questions you are unsure of, some questions can be resolved with common sense.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask for more time if your first language is not English.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have had experiences in testing career, you will notice all questions are familiar to you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T19:54:02.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20660" CreationDate="2016-07-21T20:23:39.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find the ALM REST API reference guide here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve/manuals&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve/manuals&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve/document/KM997956/binary/ALM11.00_REST_API.html?searchIdentifier=-765a98c0%3a12de84ca170%3a-27ac&amp;amp;resultType=document&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve/document/KM997956/binary/ALM11.00_REST_API.html?searchIdentifier=-765a98c0%3a12de84ca170%3a-27ac&amp;amp;resultType=document&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These both require logins so I can't provide any other information that the links really.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main entry point it the authentication after then you can login to project, create entities and more using the exposed resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://community.hpe.com/t5/Quality-Center-ALM-Practitioners/How-to-access-ALM-data-using-REST-API/td-p/4775940&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-07-21T20:23:39.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20665" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20668" CreationDate="2016-07-22T03:10:09.630" Score="2" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below is my situation:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;employed by a QA contract firm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have come to the end of my 8 week contract with current customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;need to pass on developed automated test framework and test cases to customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Our customer's situation:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have no testers with programming background&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I am trying to deliver to our customers by the end of my contract:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Framework UML diagrams, showing how modules are tied together&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case logic flow charts, showing how each test case is executed with details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A selenium cheat sheet like this one: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/xpath,-css,-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/xpath,-css,-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page Object Model diagrams for each web page under test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;examples showing how to write a new test, e.g. which files need to be edited, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;examples showing how to diagnose a test failure, e.g. how to interpret common exceptions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;create sample test scenarios to train customers' testers, supervise them to finish sample scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;well documented / commented codes with detailed explanations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A list of outstanding issues and if not fixed, their consequences; my recommendations regarding how to fix them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything else I should add to my list?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T06:38:11.450" Title="Have I done enough to debrief our customers?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20667" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20678" CreationDate="2016-07-22T07:13:27.950" Score="3" ViewCount="14876" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to create a new record, for that a new popup window opens. so i am unable to switch to that window.&#xA;I used this code to switch the popup window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;foreach (string handle in driver.WindowHandles) {&#xA;    IWebDriver popup = driver.SwitchTo().Window(handle);&#xA;    if (popup.Title.Contains(&quot;New Document Set: Project&quot;)) {&#xA;        break;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the element where I need to enter the data &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML Snippet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; value=&quot;&quot; maxlength=&quot;256&quot; id=&quot;FileLeafRef_8553196d-ec8d-4564-9861-3dbe931050c8_$onetidIOFile&quot; title=&quot;Name Required Field&quot; class=&quot;ms-long&quot; size=&quot;35&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code tried&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;FileLeafRef_8553196d-ec8d-4564-9861-3dbe931050c8_$onetidIOFilert&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;NewprojectTest&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19366" LastEditorUserId="7527" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T11:03:45.523" LastActivityDate="2020-07-27T07:10:44.237" Title="I am unable to switch to popup window in c# selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20665" CreationDate="2016-07-22T07:49:42.640" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems ok, but you should add also the setup for the framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to install the framework?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do you need to execute a test/suite (Java installed, Selenium, any driver if needed)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to run smoke/regression (if you have a lot of tests)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Additionally you could add a small documentation and/or links to online official documentation for: the framework, page object model documentation, w3schools CSS and x-path selectors if needed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a bonus you could add few personal tips and tricks like best practices, always to code review, always to check/run their code before submitting to any repository to avoid issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T06:38:11.450" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T06:38:11.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20669" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-22T09:23:23.807" Score="3" ViewCount="1266" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are working in agile methodology and one sprint contains only 10 days. In that time we need to develop the functionality and we need to test the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is it possible to do regression testing manually in the sprints?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19442" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T11:07:40.257" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T12:12:22.470" Title="Manual Regression Testing in Agile" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20650" CreationDate="2016-07-22T09:23:44.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium doesn't provide any functionality to deal with Excel documents, however assuming you're using Java you can read and write Excel files using &lt;a href=&quot;https://poi.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache POI&lt;/a&gt; library&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();   &#xA;CreationHelper createHelper = wb.getCreationHelper();&#xA;Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet(&quot;Sheet1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Row row = sheet.createRow(0);&#xA;Cell cell = row.createCell(0);&#xA;cell.setCellValue(createHelper.createRichTextString(&quot;Hello world&quot;)); &#xA;&#xA;FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(&quot;workbook.xls&quot;);&#xA;wb.write(fileOut);&#xA;fileOut.close();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Useful material:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/quick-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Busy Developers' Guide to HSSF and XSSF Features&lt;/a&gt; - some Excel code samples&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-extract-data-files-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Extract Data From Files With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; - covers reading data from Excel (as well as all other file formats supported by &lt;a href=&quot;https://tika.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache Tika&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T09:23:44.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20669" CreationDate="2016-07-22T11:35:34.913" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd start by looking at the answers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/643/fitting-regression-testing-in-a-agile-scrum-development-cycle?rq=1&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If automated testing is simply not possible (it happens - I live there despite my attempts to get some kind of automated regression going. Being the only tester makes the effort to automate somewhere between challenging and impossible), I'd suggest something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identify highest priority test cases&lt;/strong&gt; - each sprint, prioritize all your test cases, and flag those with the highest priority. I'd use a combination of risk and steel thread to decide. These get added to your regression test suite and prioritized in context with the other tests there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start the sprint with regression&lt;/strong&gt; - as testers, we'll typically have little in the way of new work to test at the start of a sprint. In addition to using this time to plan the testing for the current sprint, use it to run regression test cases for previous sprints. If you're starting sprint 10, you would run regression test cases for sprints 1 - 8 (because there's no changes to sprint 9 code yet). In sprint 11 you run test cases for sprints 1 - 9. And so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prioritize aggressively&lt;/strong&gt; - you're working to a timebox, so you can't do everything. If the work for the current sprint means you can only cover the ten highest priority regression test cases, then that's what you cover&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Document your regression&lt;/strong&gt; - make sure that your part of each sprint review includes what you did not regression-test and why. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be sane&lt;/strong&gt; - No matter what the application is, there will be parts of it that will receive near-continuous attention and use. If you pay attention to these areas while you are using them on your way to your actual test cases, you will effectively give them basic regression. It may not be ideal, but it can be enough.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Treat your test suites as a backlog&lt;/strong&gt; - and &lt;em&gt;groom&lt;/em&gt; them aggressively. If a test case isn't relevant anymore, don't hesitate to retire it. If one needs updating, update it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Give your test cases execution time estimates&lt;/strong&gt; - if you know about how long it takes to run each test case, you can use this in your test estimation and planning. Sadly, not all tooling supports this, so you may have to add the estimates to the title or body of your test case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plan test cases as part of the sprint planning&lt;/strong&gt; - Your regression test cases are as much a part of the sprint planning as any other activity. Build them into the sprint planning session if at all possible. If not, figure out beforehand how much time you're going to commit to regression testing, and lower your availability for the sprint accordingly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T11:35:34.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20669" CreationDate="2016-07-22T12:10:49.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated Regression Suites&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing fancy, just to cover your basics&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identify Areas of Risk&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do code reviews, understand what changed and how in order to optimize your tests. The test everything mentality will not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression Early&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Between tasks being developed you will occasionally have some down time. Regression during this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Easy access to data&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ensure that you have plenty of test data for your scenarios and that there is an easy/efficient way to create this data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Identify and Discuss Risks&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Communicate with the team which areas you are focusing your efforts on. Often times scenarios can not be covered and areas can not be tested. It happens. Break the application down into multiple smaller pieces and then determine a priority level on each piece. If there is no direct impacts to either piece, you'd want to do far more testing in an area that is consistently used than an area that is seldom used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;DRY&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't Repeat Yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a common development principle that can roll over into the Agile QA world. Knowing where code is being reused and avoiding massive amounts of tests against identical code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-07-22T12:27:37.903" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T12:27:37.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20667" CreationDate="2016-07-22T14:21:57.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're not focused in the right window. With this case you want to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles.Last());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Last()&lt;/code&gt; will switch to the most recently opened window which should be the one you just clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-07-22T14:21:57.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20669" CreationDate="2016-07-23T02:10:17.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in an agile team with development cycles of ten business days as well.  In my experience, this context does not make it possible to do a full regression testing after each sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The strategy we've been using is:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have three, four, five, or N sprints testing all the new functionality and the bug fixes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each sprint might have a partial regression test covering the modules affected during the sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then make a full regression test to the project. While we are doing the regression testing, developers use that time to increase unit test coverage and things like that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, there are some practices that will help your team monitor the effect of new changes on the old code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated Unit Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: This is extremely important because it allows your team to quickly find defects after coding&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Continuos Integration&lt;/strong&gt;:  This plus your automated Unit Tests will enable your team to detect side effects of the new code as soon as a commit is done&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Microservices architecture:&lt;/strong&gt; A microservices type architecture protects your application from side effects of code changes because each module works independently. Then, code changes do not affect other modules.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17370" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-07-23T07:02:08.540" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T07:02:08.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20667" CreationDate="2016-07-23T09:54:22.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@santhosh - &#xA;Seems you're unable to handle pop-up and switch on new/child window. You can consider child = pop-up window and parent = your actual window. Its just we need to redirect control properly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles =driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = handles.iterator();&#xA;&#xA;    String parent = it.next();&#xA;    String child = it.next();&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(child);&#xA;&#xA;    //perform actions&#xA;&#xA;    driver.close(); // only for child&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;&#xA;    //perform actions&#xA;&#xA;    driver.quit(); // After execution of main thread and for parent window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T18:03:21.833" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T18:03:21.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="4994" CreationDate="2016-07-23T12:19:10.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because the question mentions &quot;search result by the query does not satisfy its requirement by position&quot; , it looks like the test objective is to ensure that the right ranking / relevancy based sorting is in place on the search algorithm . To debug / drill down this further, I might ask more details on the query- was it just a simple text search on a single field or did it involve a combination of fields , did it involve any non-English characters ( diacritics etc). Sometimes the reason why a result might be ranked lower could be that some special characters are omitted in search or some specific fields are not indexed due to which the search omits those fields. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We could test by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the same term / query with additional combination of fields &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See if the hitmap works fine - i.e does the first document in the search results really have more &quot;search term count&quot; than other docs in the field searched for - opening the document and counting would assess this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Eliminate one character at a time or one field ( for multi fielded search) and then check if results are relevant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use a synonym of the term ( for term search) and see if it pics that doc and ranks higher &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Narrow down the search by date or any other field and see if a reduced result set ranks it higher &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another method would be just to call the Search API using a tool like fiddler or Postman and then compare the rank returned with the ranking in the UI. Sometimes while parsing and loading the client side page, due to some caching issues, sorting might be messed up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19462" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T12:19:10.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20680" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-23T16:16:51.157" Score="2" ViewCount="1489" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing a performance test for a report upload system of a bank on an intranet network. (I have to turn off the internet to access.) Initially, I used JMeter to record HTTP traffic, but then I ran into a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter uses proxy for recording, but when proxy setting in JMeter is turned on, the upload process can't be done, as the server returns some Java exceptions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The proxy alone is not the problem. I tried to record with another test tool, such as LoadComplete from SmartBear. This program also uses proxy and everything's fine, except that it is too expensive. There's a 1-month license on their website and I would buy it, but when I contacted them, they said there's only license for 3 months or more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried some other solutions, but they all didn't work with our system:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BadBoy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BlazeMeter's Chrome extension&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know of any other test tool that similar to JMeter or LoadComplete, which can record and send HTTP traffic? I'll try all the suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19320" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T09:20:46.530" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T15:40:33.560" Title="Performance test tool that can record without proxy" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20682" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-23T18:12:10.100" Score="2" ViewCount="39864" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/So9qI.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/So9qI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CDkW7.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CDkW7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I want to know how to select single checkbox from multiple checkboxes one by one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sceanrio:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a web Page, there are multiple entries having checkboxes in front of each entry. For each entry there is an edit button on right side. I want to select a single checkbox and then click on the edit button for that particular entry. on editing, a pop-up window will open. make some changes and click on the save button on the pop-up window.&#xA;I need to do the same for each entry &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have added the html&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19466" LastEditorUserId="19466" LastEditDate="2016-07-24T09:36:36.917" LastActivityDate="2018-03-16T07:04:33.463" Title="How to select a checkbox from multiple checkboxes one by one" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20682" CreationDate="2016-07-23T20:44:38.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't checkbox, try to get a selector for a checkbox from the body of the table, if multiple found the first one is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way of clicking on the edit for the checkbox that is checked is to get an Xpath selector based on the checked value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide html code for what the image is describing for a more particular answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_cPH_rptrDisplayRecords_ctl03_chkMoveTranSingle&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$cPH$rptrDisplayRecords$ctl03$chkMoveTranSingle&quot; value=&quot;2469035&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_cPH_rptrDisplayRecords_ctl05_chkMoveTranSingle&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$cPH$rptrDisplayRecords$ctl05$chkMoveTranSingle&quot; value=&quot;2469031&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_cPH_rptrDisplayRecords_ctl08_chkMoveTranSingle&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$cPH$rptrDisplayRecords$ctl08$chkMoveTranSingle&quot; value=&quot;2781014&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_cPH_rptrDisplayRecords_ctl02_chkMoveTranSingle&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$cPH$rptrDisplayRecords$ctl02$chkMoveTranSingle&quot; value=&quot;2469037&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="18490" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T13:34:29.607" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T13:34:29.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20682" CreationDate="2016-07-23T20:56:10.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have not provided HTML code, but please feel free to use the following example as a reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say your HTML codes looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table class=&quot;transaction-table&quot; &#xA;    &amp;lt;ul&#xA;        &amp;lt;li value=&quot;152&quot; /li&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;li value=&quot;153&quot; /li&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;li value=&quot;154&quot; /li&amp;gt;&#xA;    /ul&amp;gt;&#xA;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where each element &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt; represent each transaction row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you can do is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&#xA;firefox = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;firefox.get(&quot;put your url here&quot;);&#xA;transactionElements = firefox.find_elements_by_css_selector(&quot;table[class='transaction-table'] li&quot;);&#xA;for element in transactionElements:&#xA;    element.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-23T20:56:10.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20669" CreationDate="2016-07-24T12:12:22.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quick answer:&lt;/strong&gt; its not possible to do it manually, because regression suite increases with each new implemented functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest one of the options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &lt;strong&gt;Automated UI:&lt;/strong&gt; write automated test for each new functional Story in the Sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &lt;strong&gt;Strengthening Sprints:&lt;/strong&gt; Have normal Sprints (where development and testing is done), and one or two strengthening sprints before final release (where full regression testing is done).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &lt;strong&gt;Split sprint between DEV and QA days:&lt;/strong&gt; e.g. first 7 days are for development and last 3 days are for stabilization, when QA executed reduced set of test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the ways to select regression suite is by: risk (functionality that affects most Users), modules that were modified in the sprint etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19473" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T12:12:22.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20680" CreationDate="2016-07-24T14:44:27.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt;, it also helps with monitoring requests and responses, and it's pretty easy to use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19478" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T14:44:27.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20680" CreationDate="2016-07-24T16:23:19.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;The Grinder&lt;/a&gt;, but I see it hasn't been updated in four years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-07-24T16:23:19.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20692" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-25T06:13:43.460" Score="3" ViewCount="1801" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA needs technical knowledge and out-of-box creative thinking to be successful and demonstrations, meetings and presentations are critical to share knowledge and stay current. &#xA;Can you suggest me some interesting topics for QA Testing Presentation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T09:20:16.297" Title="QA Testing Seminar Presentation - Suggestions please" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;qualification&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-07-25T09:55:08.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20692" CreationDate="2016-07-25T07:01:43.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are some topics which can make an interesting story for QA testing presentation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gamification Assurance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assurance to IoT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Strategies for Big Data Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why should cloud migration be assured&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19446" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T07:01:43.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20695" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-25T07:49:21.770" Score="-2" ViewCount="638" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used find the element by Xpath in my code, I get the error as ElementNotVisible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;loginBtn&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input style=&quot;width: 59px; height: 20px&quot; id=&quot;SubmitCreds&quot; onclick=&quot;clkLgn()&quot; type=&quot;submit&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;SubmitCreds&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try search the attribute value for id &quot;SubmitCreds&quot;&#xA;its available in 3 different locations so used xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19487" LastEditorUserId="7527" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T11:27:59.160" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T05:19:01.740" Title="Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-07-28T08:39:56.773" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20692" CreationDate="2016-07-25T07:54:47.033" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends on the audience, really.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA, A person in this role is someone who consistently questions all parts of the process. So the presentation should cover all aspects of QA Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the some interesting topics for QA presentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Life cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Strategy &amp;amp; Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect Prevention (Take one project and explain)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Challenge of Effective and Efficient Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="14384" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T08:00:18.347" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T08:00:18.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20656" CreationDate="2016-07-25T07:55:33.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exam is very straightforward, if you read the books and materials you should not have a problem - the pass % is also quite low for this exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As others have said - attempt all the questions (it is multiple choice) and make sure you understand the core concepts as a minimum and you should be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19488" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T07:55:33.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20692" CreationDate="2016-07-25T08:47:30.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please feel free to pick from this list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic definitions of test terminology, such as black box, white box, grey box;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Several methodology to come up with a test idea, such as brainstorming;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what are the differences between manual testing and automated testing? Pros and Cons for each;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why automated tests will never replace manual tests? E.g. automated tests will never find random bug, such as easter eggs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to estimate testing effort?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to track testing progress?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to review testing results?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to talk to a developer after finding a bug (this is never an easy task, people get very defensive when presented with their own mistakes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T08:47:30.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20692" CreationDate="2016-07-25T08:51:50.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could organize a reading club. At each meeting you could pick up one lesson from &quot;Lessons learned in software testing&quot; book and discuss it with others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did we have same problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are recommendations in this lesson applicable to my context?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T09:20:16.297" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T09:20:16.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20692" CreationDate="2016-07-25T09:00:29.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA Testing Presentation -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Non-Technical audience:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to start with little brief about QA Testing. That includes,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definition, What is QA Testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Advantages and Necessity/Importance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diff. types and Methodologies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Technical audience:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Current QA Strategy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How it could be optimize and what are measures of effectiveness?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New effective tools available for Bug Reporting, Test management, Project management etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scope of Automation Testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feasibility and Advantage of Automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suggest tools available and Its power + what level can be achieved?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time and Resources matrix to rise Testing quality with minimum time period&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T09:00:29.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20682" CreationDate="2016-07-25T09:34:10.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this in Java,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[starts-with(@id,'ct100_cPH_rptrDisplayRecords')]&quot;));&#xA;int numberOfElements=elements.size();&#xA;for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;numberOfElements;i++){&#xA;    elements=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[starts-with(@id,'ct100_cPH_rptrDisplayRecords')]&quot;));&#xA;    elements.get(i).click();&#xA;    //click edit button and manage the popup&#xA;    .........&#xA;    .........&#xA;    // Uncomment below code if the selection of the check box is not automatically cleared on closing the popup&#xA;    /* elements=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[starts-with(@id,'ct100_cPH_rptrDisplayRecords')]&quot;));&#xA;    elements.get(i).click(); */&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T09:34:10.177" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20680" CreationDate="2016-07-25T11:37:39.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Zenoss Core, &#xA; a powerful open source IT monitoring platform that monitors applications, servers, storage, networking and virtualization to provide availability and performance statistics. It also has a high performance event handling system and an advanced notification system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T11:37:39.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20680" CreationDate="2016-07-25T16:18:02.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to upload the file using JMeter as a proxy just drop the file to JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/recording-file-uploads-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Recording File Uploads with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for detailed explanation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're still looking for an alternative tool, here are some other free and open source solutions (all of them support record and replay)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that in the majority of cases you will need to do some extra work in order to make your script working as recording provides only a &quot;skeleton&quot; with lots of hard-coded parameters which need to be dynamic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T16:18:02.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20514" CreationDate="2016-07-25T17:14:27.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preparation and planning is the key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Break the functionality in smaller steps, use page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check this similar post to see some general tips to keep in mind:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/20618/how-to-automate-functionality-of-this-complex-web-application&quot;&gt;how-to-automate-functionality-of-this-complex-web-application&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T17:14:27.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18307" CreationDate="2016-07-25T17:34:34.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Peter mentioned your problem could be that you are using implicit waits instead of explicit waits. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/47-waiting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is another resource on the difference between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The crazy thing about Chrome, Firefox and IE is that all three run at different speeds. I've found Chrome to be the fastest, Firefox to be the middle ground and IE to be the slowest. That means I typically have to build in enough explicit waits so they pass for Chrome's speed (otherwise I get elements aren't clickable) but make sure my timeouts are high enough so that my IE test runs don't timeout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T17:34:34.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21972" CreationDate="2016-07-25T18:15:00.173" Score="2" ViewCount="8677" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate a webpage using Single Sign-On. When you try to access the web page it redirects you to different page of Identity Provider, where it asks you for Username and Password inside HTTP Basic Auth popup. After successful authentication, it will redirect you back to originally requested page. Now I am trying to automate this using selenium web driver version 2.45.0. I am first switching to the alert box and then using Robot and Clipboard to do Ctrl+c and Ctrl+v the credentials. The test case works fine on my laptop, where Browser pops up, credentials are keyed in and final page appears after authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I am trying to run the same code on a linux host command line using Maven after setting DISPLAY=:99 environment variable (headless mode), it is getting stuck. The screenshot statements put to capture the state are displaying blank window. Any idea what can go wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relevant code snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;        alert.sendKeys(username);&#xA;        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);&#xA;        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);&#xA;        StringSelection pass = new StringSelection(pwd);&#xA;        Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(pass, null);&#xA;&#xA;        if (System.getProperty(&quot;os.name&quot;).startsWith(&quot;Mac OS&quot;)) {&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;        }&#xA;        File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;        FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;/tmp/screenshot2.png&quot;));&#xA;        alert.accept();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17174" LastEditorUserId="17174" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T08:57:05.493" LastActivityDate="2019-01-17T00:10:42.530" Title="Not able to use HTTP Basic Auth popup in selenium test case using firefox on Ubuntu/Linux" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20407" CreationDate="2016-07-25T18:49:16.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not really, at least not in this case, but also is not a good thing to place this responsibility to the QA team or to another member of the team, especially if that someone does not have a security training or does not have the right technical skills and level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you need is a skilled penetration tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wish to improve the security of your application you some of the options are:&#xA; 1. pay some 3rd party company that does penetration testing&#xA; 2. train someone from the company that is interested and already has understanding of security implication and also technical skills&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you choose the first option then you should investigate what to keep in mind when you choose the right people because there is also a chance that you might get some poor reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are choosing the second option, which is a long term investment, you might have to risk at the beginning since the experience is missing.&#xA;For the second option you can search for posts in here an also on &lt;a href=&quot;http://security.stackexchange.com&quot;&gt;security.stackexchange&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is that you can think to hire a CSO when you plan to open a security department to handle all the company security and choose the second option if you plan to have your own security team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related to the penetration testing approach you should research for penetration testing methodologies and approaches to find out more the steps to follow in the first phases of the design, during the development of the application and after the application is final stage before is released live.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="18490" LastEditDate="2016-07-25T19:44:09.293" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T19:44:09.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20710" CreationDate="2016-07-25T19:06:27.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try sending the credentials in the &quot;Authorization&quot; header using a special URL format like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[protocol][user:password]@[domain_name]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can copy your homepage url and insert user:password@ after the //&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;https://user:password@www.example.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="18490" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T07:55:18.933" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T07:55:18.933" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20713" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-25T20:22:17.990" Score="4" ViewCount="2340" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question was asked to me in my recent interview for a junior QA position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19505" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-07-26T11:20:53.900" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T11:20:53.900" Title="How to test speakers (sound system)?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20713" CreationDate="2016-07-25T20:51:10.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your question is likely to be put on hold as it is opinion-based.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general speakers can be tested from two general directions, functional and non-functional:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional test: you can test speakers based on its technical specifications, such as&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;audio spectrum range, lowest frequency all the way to highest frequency.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;audio output angle, each speaker will have an area that has the most crispy quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;look for the sweet spot, a audio speaker system that consists of multiple speakers will produce a sweet spot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;speaker configuration, how to configure this speaker system and do configurations take effect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Non-functional test:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can speakers operate without breaking easily, measure mean time between failure. you will need a &quot;farm&quot; of speakers and soak-test them in order to measure this MMTB.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are speaker cables easy to plug and unplug, of a good ergonomic design?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;will a customer likely to damage speakers when unpacking? It happened to a company I used to work for, when unpacking our stations, stations got scratched badly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T20:51:10.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20713" CreationDate="2016-07-25T20:51:37.723" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This sounds like a generic 'how would you approach X' question.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, what is important about speakers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They reproduce sound&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Volume can be changed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sound quality is OK&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No electric shorts while they receive current&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Somewhat shock resistant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep working after receiving a peak in the signal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For anything you cannot think of first-hand, read the speaker manual.&#xA;To add to that, Google known speaker problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you have a bit of a start that can be used to write test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, before putting a lot of time into detailed test cases, &lt;strong&gt;speak to the speaker product owner&lt;/strong&gt; to verify what you have up until now makes sense and to ask about priorities and known problem areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a real world case you would probably want to talk to the product owner first, to see what the current state of the speaker project is. In an interview you first start to tell what your seat-of-the pants approach would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T20:51:37.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20717" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20718" CreationDate="2016-07-25T22:26:52.903" Score="2" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on some automation tests and have gotten to a wall. When the page is loaded, a call is made to get data to prefill input fields from what I can tell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the element that I'm checking(Goal is get the prefilled text from the &lt;code&gt;input type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;tempname&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to validate it is correct):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;twelve columns&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;label for=&quot;tempname&quot;&amp;gt;Template Name &amp;lt;span class=&quot;compulsion&quot;&amp;gt; *&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; name=&quot;tempname&quot; id=&quot;tempname&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;h4 class=&quot;notice fielderror&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically in my Selenium test, I would return the element and use &lt;code&gt;getAttribute()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; to return what I'm looking for and use an &lt;code&gt;assertTrue&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;assertEquals&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't figure out how to get the text that is displayed within this element to validate it. Any ideas/tips would be really helpful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side note: I am using Selenium for my automation tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19507" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T20:53:34.440" Title="Trying to validate a input text box but element lacks displayed text" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20717" CreationDate="2016-07-25T22:56:31.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you please try this approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;element = FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[id='tempname']&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;string = element.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;code&gt;string&lt;/code&gt; should have what you want. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-25T22:56:31.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20713" CreationDate="2016-07-26T00:45:23.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration test for a speaker + sound recording device system:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Play something on it, ideally some of clear sinus signals with non-rational frequency ratio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Record the output with the sound recording devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fourier-transform the recording to separate the speaker output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7154" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T00:45:23.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20695" CreationDate="2016-07-26T05:19:01.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium determines an element is visible or not by the following criteria (use a DOM inspector to determine what css applies to your element, make sure you look at computed style):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;visibility != hidden&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;display != none (is also checked against every parent element)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;opacity != 0  (this is not checked for clicking an element)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;height and width are both &gt; 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for an input, the attribute type != hidden&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your element is matching one of those criteria. If you do not have the ability to change the styling of the element, here is how you can forcefully do it with javascript:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].checked = true;&quot;, inputElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that won't fire a javascript event, if you depend on the change event for that input you'll have to fire it too (many ways to do that, easiest to use whatever javascript library is loaded on that page).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The source for the visibility check -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/javascript/atoms/dom.js#L577&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/javascript/atoms/dom.js#L577&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The WebDriver spec that defines this -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webdriver/raw-file/tip/webdriver-spec.html#widl-WebElement-isDisplayed-boolean&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webdriver/raw-file/tip/webdriver-spec.html#widl-WebElement-isDisplayed-boolean&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T05:19:01.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20724" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20727" CreationDate="2016-07-26T07:15:14.287" Score="3" ViewCount="86431" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gRNOp.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gRNOp.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  I have problems with finding this element: &#xA; &#xA;I tried these finders:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement profilUploadPhoto = driverGC.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//button[contains(.,'submit')]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;IWebElement profilUploadPhoto = driverGC.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//button[contains(.,'btn btn-success')]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;IWebElement profilUploadPhoto = driverGC.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;btn btn-success&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;IWebElement profilUploadPhoto = driverGC.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;glyphicon glyphicon-upload&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am usually finding elements by CSS selector or ID, but in this case, I can not do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19511" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2018-11-26T03:43:38.893" LastActivityDate="2018-11-26T03:43:38.893" Title="How to find element by class name or xPath?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20724" CreationDate="2016-07-26T08:05:44.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the class name is unique in the page then you can use the class name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that the class name might not select the selector you need if there are multiple elements with the same class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative check if you have other unique attributes for which you have a method or use a css/Xpath selector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have any other attributes i suggest trying css selector and if you have no luck then Xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T08:05:44.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20724" CreationDate="2016-07-26T08:51:53.800" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;can you please try the options below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By Xpath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button[@type='submit']&#xA;button[@class='btn btn-success']&#xA;button[@type='submit'][@class='btn btn-success']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By css selector:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button[type='submit']&#xA;button[class='btn btn-success']&#xA;button[type='submit'][class='btn btn-success']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any one expression above should locate this element, please tell me if it still does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T08:51:53.800" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18320" CreationDate="2016-07-26T10:39:35.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say that you should use an enum. Gender is enumerable, so it makes sense to model it as that (indeed, anything which is a radio button strikes me as enumerable). Something like the below would encapsulate it neatly. I've used a switch because they work well with enums, but I guess you could use if/else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private static final By OPTIONS_GENDER_MALE = By.id(&quot;...&quot;);&#xA;private static final By OPTIONS_GENDER_FEMALE = By.id(&quot;...&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;public void setFormGender(final GenderEnum gender){&#xA;&#xA;    clearFormGender();&#xA;&#xA;    switch (gender) {&#xA;        case MALE:&#xA;            click(OPTIONS_GENDER_MALE);&#xA;            break;&#xA;        case FEMALE:&#xA;            click(OPTIONS_GENDER_FEMALE);&#xA;            break;&#xA;        default:&#xA;            throw new IllegalArgumentException(&quot;Something went wrong!&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;private void clearFormGender(){&#xA;    // ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A note on your terminology - page objects are the objects that represent an entire page (or significant large chunks of the page), not the controls on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8211" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T10:39:35.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20724" CreationDate="2016-07-26T11:21:28.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My approach would be something along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement yourElement&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; Elements = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;span&quot;));&#xA;for(int Counter = 0; Counter &amp;lt; Elements.size(); Counter++){&#xA;     if(Elements.get(Counter).getAttribute(&quot;class&quot;).contains(&quot;glyphicon&quot;) &amp;amp;&amp;amp;&#xA;        Elements.get(Counter).getAttribute(&quot;aria-hidden&quot;).equals(&quot;true&quot;)){&#xA;          yourElement = Elements(Counter);&#xA;          break;&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It allows you to make sure that you've got the exact &lt;code&gt;Element&lt;/code&gt; you need by adding statements to the boolean equation within the &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt; argument. It might be overkill, but at the very least it's a safe approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2018-11-24T14:51:07.860" LastActivityDate="2018-11-24T14:51:07.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20731" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-26T14:56:06.257" Score="2" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leaflet and Openlayers are two open source tools that can be used to develop web based GIS applicaitons. Test automation for such kind of applications is not straightforward due to the high degree of interactivity and the variety of resulting content: vector data drawings (svg, canvas), raster image rendering (map tiles in various formats).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to automate such a testing process, includng output verification? Any platform/tool that can make such task easier?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium seems to provide good client side automation by simulating mouse actions on the map but it does not provide any way of checking the correctness of the output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19524" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T21:53:51.150" Title="How to automate webgis testing (including verification)?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20732" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-26T21:13:35.337" Score="0" ViewCount="3927" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2AXUK.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2AXUK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Test Plan and Response&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;OpenSubmission failing on assertion&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;JMeterThread.last_sample_ok=false&lt;/code&gt;, why is child to If &lt;strong&gt;Controller&lt;/strong&gt; (HTTP request PostDocument) executing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19531" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T11:21:45.410" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T06:13:07.770" Title="Although If Controller JMeterThread.last_sample_ok = false, why is child HTTP Request not skipped with Evaluate for all children" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20731" CreationDate="2016-07-26T21:53:51.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Selenium to develop automated tests for Web GIS applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web GIS is all about present the information graphically to a user, and whatever we can see on a web page is what we can test using Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;very time consuming to develop it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;difficult to maintain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As one thing computer program can not perform as well as humans is computers can not interpret GUI effectively. GUI is designed for human to interpret. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used to work for a company that developed commercial Web GIS applications. The Selenium testing framework we got can test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;all options are available, clickable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;web page can navigate properly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if there is anything web elements missing? such as a button or an image&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if there is a route that has been plotted between two addresses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But we can not test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whether a plotted / calculated route is correct / shortest.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, GUI is impossible to be comprehensively tested using scripts, the best we could do is to smoke test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-26T21:53:51.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18415" CreationDate="2016-07-27T05:51:12.160" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;sendkeys()&lt;/code&gt; methods are not working then use following two ways to input text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Before &lt;code&gt;sendkeys()&lt;/code&gt; use &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; method to click inside textfield i.e:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;phone&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;phone&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;(222)222-2222&quot;);   &#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ssn&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ssn&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;555-55-5555&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Second way is to use javascript to input text in texfields like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement wb = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;phone&quot;));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].value='(222)222-2222';&quot;, wb);&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;document.getElementById('ssn').value='555-55-5555';&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if that works for you. Webdriver provided the javscript implementation library so that we could use javascript to perform actions on browser which are not possible with with webdriver native API. And in web automation testing services we encountered many such issues where we have to go beyond webdriver native API and have to use javscript methods.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T01:32:56.817" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T01:32:56.817" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18192" CreationDate="2016-07-27T06:17:49.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use following code that may help :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;frmmenusuperior&quot;)));&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;    WebElement menu=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//ul//li[@title='Register']//a&quot;));&#xA;    Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    actions.moveToElement(menu).perform();&#xA;    WebElement submenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//ul//li[@title='Menu Payment Profile']//a&quot;));&#xA;    Actions subactions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    subactions.moveToElement(submenu).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T06:17:49.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20738" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-27T07:17:33.260" Score="0" ViewCount="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are developing some a simple tool based on Matlab and Java. The tool has a couple hundreds of functions which are partly dependent on each other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem we are facing is the &lt;strong&gt;testing&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, it may happen that we update Function A =&gt; Functions B will produce an error as it depends on Function A. However, because function A is rarely used by the users, the bug will come up first after two months or more  (unless a senior developer remembers the dependency). The best way to avoid all of this, is to have a sort of an automatic testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing usually depends on an input/output relationship. Unfortunately, the tool visualizes data or generates a graph.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question: how can we automatically test our tool before each update without having to sit in front of the computer, and check every button manually?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19542" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T08:14:03.127" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T08:26:46.440" Title="Is there a way to automatically test a tool?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20739" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="35512" CreationDate="2016-07-27T07:18:50.700" Score="3" ViewCount="2147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want Selenium to wait untill and unless Autoit Script is completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right Now whats happening is When I run &lt;code&gt;TestNG.xml&lt;/code&gt; file it runs all the @Test Priority wise and within 5 sec TestNg output Console Shows all the @Test are Passed.&#xA;While my AutoIT scripts are still running parallely in background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Code is as Follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test (priority=1)&#xA;public void CreateNew() throws Exception&#xA;{       &#xA;    Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\CreateNew.exe&quot;);       &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test (priority=2)&#xA;public void OpenaFile() throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;        Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\OpenaFile.exe&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the Code of AutoIt file is as Follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;createnew()&#xA;&#xA;Func createnew()&#xA;    Sleep(2000)&#xA;    Run(&quot;Mspaint.exe&quot;)&#xA;    WinWaitActive(&quot;Untitled - Paint&quot;)&#xA;    Send(&quot;!f&quot;)&#xA;    Sleep(1000)&#xA;    Send(&quot;n&quot;)&#xA;    Sleep(2000)&#xA;    WinClose(&quot;Untitled - Paint&quot;)&#xA;EndFunc   ;==&amp;gt;createnew&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastActivityDate="2018-09-06T07:12:09.210" Title="How to Pause your script in selenium untill your Autoit script gets completed?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;autoit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20740" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-27T07:47:20.247" Score="5" ViewCount="19600" Body="&lt;p&gt;My script is not running even by using selenium 2.53.1 and firefox 47.0.1. &lt;code&gt;Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms.&lt;/code&gt; is the error returned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The script that was tried is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package SystemPackTest; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; &#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; &#xA;public class TestCalass { &#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) { &#xA;        WebDriver driver ;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;geckodriver path&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver(); &#xA;        driver.get(&quot;google.com&quot;); &#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Successfully opened the website&quot;); &#xA;        //driver.close(); &#xA;    } &#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question - How to fix error, Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19513" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T06:34:46.463" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T11:28:19.097" Title="Selenium + FF : How to fix error, Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20738" CreationDate="2016-07-27T08:26:46.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are &lt;a href=&quot;http://nl.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab-unit-test-framework.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;testing frameworks for Matlab&lt;/a&gt;. Suppose you can automate testing of this development just like you would any other software product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not check the visualizations, but check the data instead and trust the render to do its job, unless you ran into issues here in the past. If you need to check the visualizations either compare the output with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imagemagick.org/script/compare.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ImageMagick&lt;/a&gt; with a known correct state or use a tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;, but do this as a last resort, since updating the known state will be time consuming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T08:26:46.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20739" CreationDate="2016-07-27T08:33:52.317" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simpler solution is try a &lt;code&gt;waitFor()&lt;/code&gt; on your process, this waits until the process exits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test (priority=1)&#xA;public void CreateNew() throws Exception&#xA;{       &#xA;    Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\CreateNew.exe&quot;);&#xA;    process.waitFor();&#xA;    Integer result = process.exitValue();&#xA;    Assert.AssertEquals(0, result) &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can add an &lt;code&gt;exit&lt;/code&gt; code to the AutoIt script to communicate that it passed or failed. Read about exit codes here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/keywords/Exit.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/keywords/Exit.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise try something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In your Java/Selenium code create a temparory lockfile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start Autoit.exe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In your Java/Selenium code write a loop to check if lockfile still exists &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last step in the AutoIt code removes the lockfile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the lockfile doesnt exist break out of loop and continue with the next code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a timeout to your loop in case the AutoIt script does not clean up the lockfile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a timestamp and testname to the lockfiles name (e.g. testname_timestamp.lck) so that you can run tests in parallel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clean all lockfiles when starting a testsuite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2016-07-30T17:36:24.610" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T17:36:24.610" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20744" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20786" CreationDate="2016-07-27T08:39:27.780" Score="1" ViewCount="889" Body="&lt;p&gt;I execute tests, while I observed ”has a @Test annotation but also a return value: ignoring it. Use  to fix this” and execution terminated.&#xA;[My Env - Java + Maven + TestNG ]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea how to resolve this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T07:10:19.190" Title="Java + TestNG - How to resolve ”has a @Test annotation but also a return value: ignoring it. Use &lt;suite allow-return-values=”true”&gt; to fix this”" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18415" CreationDate="2016-07-27T09:26:19.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First once clear the input text &#xA;fields and send the input values. Create a reference object for better use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webElement objPh=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;phone&quot;));   &#xA;webElement objSSN=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;ssn&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;objPh.clear();   //To clear the phone text field    &#xA;objPh.sendkeys(&quot;(222)222-2222&quot;); // To send the input values in phone text field&#xA;&#xA;objSSN.clear(); //To clear the phone ssn text field &#xA;objSSN.sendkeys(&quot;555-55-5555&quot;); // To send the input values in ssn text field&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:55:42.440" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:55:42.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20746" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-27T09:47:53.287" Score="1" ViewCount="2712" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi i am trying to locate element in selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;add-widget ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-icon-only&quot; title=&quot;Add widget&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; aria-disabled=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;**&#xA;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon ui-icon-plus&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ui-button-text&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to use this xpath selection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(@class,'add-widget ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-icon-only ui-state-hover')]/span[contains(@class,'ui-button-icon-primary')]&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it doesn't work and gives &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;Could you give me an advice how to build xpath to this element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19543" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T11:21:24.600" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T14:48:42.737" Title="Unable to locate element in Selenium Java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20746" CreationDate="2016-07-27T09:58:48.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have made one mistake here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(@class,'add-widget ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-icon-only ui-state-hover')]/span[contains(@class,'ui-button-icon-primary')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no class goes by the name &quot;&lt;strong&gt;add-widget ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-icon-only ui-state-hover&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@role='button']/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@title='Add widget']/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not really sure which element you want to click? Your code would click on &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt;, is that what you want? if you want to click on the button, please try the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@title='Add widget']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T09:58:48.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20746" CreationDate="2016-07-27T10:08:12.863" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//button[@class='add-widget ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-icon-only'or @title='Add widget']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-07-28T07:26:58.100" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T07:26:58.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20750" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-27T11:20:30.510" Score="1" ViewCount="2228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently using a robot to click at a location on the screen as I've had issues with clicking a button that has a specific ID. e.g. Button_1401. This works fine up to a point, a few problems I've encountered so far have been scrolling the page/ a pop-up covering the browser/ screen resolution size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been thinking of possibly moving the firefox window to the front before using the robot click each time but this seems like a slow process. Is it possible to tell the robot to click the X, Y of the browser itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using Actions.moveToElement but clicking the button even with the correct co-ordinates to offset to I get errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19545" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-27T14:37:18.600" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T14:37:18.600" Title="Selenium Java Robot - How to Click on particular location(X,Y) of Firefox browser?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20750" CreationDate="2016-07-27T11:31:20.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There IS a way to click on a certain coordinates (X, Y), but you need to locate an element as the reference first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please try this approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);   &#xA;builder.moveToElement(referenceElement, X, Y).click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where X and Y are the offsets from the reference element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T11:31:20.647" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20761" CreationDate="2016-07-27T12:19:40.373" Score="3" ViewCount="696" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want the Script to &lt;code&gt;Openfile.exe&lt;/code&gt; only if the previous one i.e &lt;code&gt;CreateNew.exe&lt;/code&gt; has finished executing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right Now whats happening is, when I run &lt;code&gt;TestNG.xml&lt;/code&gt; file it runs all the &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; priority wise and within 5 sec &lt;code&gt;TestNg&lt;/code&gt; output console shows all the &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; are passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While my AutoIT scripts are still running in parallel in background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test (priority=1)&#xA;public void CreateNew() throws Exception&#xA;{       &#xA;    Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\CreateNew.exe&quot;);       &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test (priority=2)&#xA;public void OpenaFile() throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;        Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\OpenaFile.exe&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the code of AutoIt file is as Follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;createnew()&#xA;&#xA;Func createnew()&#xA;    Sleep(2000)&#xA;    Run(&quot;Mspaint.exe&quot;)&#xA;    WinWaitActive(&quot;Untitled - Paint&quot;)&#xA;    Send(&quot;!f&quot;)&#xA;    Sleep(1000)&#xA;    Send(&quot;n&quot;)&#xA;    Sleep(2000)&#xA;    WinClose(&quot;Untitled - Paint&quot;)&#xA;EndFunc   ;==&amp;gt;createnew&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A possible solution for this can be:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In your Java/Selenium code create a &lt;strong&gt;temparory lockfile&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start Autoit.exe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In your Java/Selenium code write a loop to check if lockfile still exists &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last step in the AutoIt code removes the lockfile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the lockfile doesn't exist break out of loop and continue with the next code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now does anyone know how to create and use this lockfile in code?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T02:26:09.647" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:26:09.647" Title="How to implement a lock in Selenium with Java?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;autoit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20753" CreationDate="2016-07-27T12:38:08.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think a better (though more complicated) way of doing it, instead of thread sleep, is to use a messaging queue and publish/subscribe model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T12:38:08.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20755" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-27T12:40:36.237" Score="0" ViewCount="645" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Jenkins we are executing our TestNG XML through windows batch file.&#xA;My build is getting marked as failure when any of my test cases fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &#xA;- I have 5 test cases inside my TestNG XML&#xA;- First 3 test cases passes and remaining 2 test cases is getting failed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though all my 5 test cases are successfully executed still the build is getting marked as failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My requirement is the build should be marked as success, Once all of my 5 test cases executes (irrespective of results).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19548" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T18:41:00.943" Title="Jenkins build marked as failure whenever my TestNG testcase/scripts fails" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20753" CreationDate="2016-07-27T12:58:05.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even why cant you try &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dependsOnMethods&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, This will be useful in that sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Check out below example for use:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test (priority=2, dependsOnMethods={&quot;CreateNew&quot;})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T12:58:05.510" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20740" CreationDate="2016-07-27T13:25:54.973" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 1 -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will suggest to downgrade (replace with older version) your ff browser version. You are unable to connect to 127.0.0.1 maybe because version do not support each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Upgrade or downgrade version for Selenium or FF will resolve issue.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note - Prefer to downgrade FF version, I got success with such approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 2 -&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Try running this before you start your Selenium server:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;export DISPLAY=:0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;DISPLAY&lt;/em&gt; is essentially an environment variable which needs to be exported from the command line. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T21:55:42.320" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T21:55:42.320" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20656" CreationDate="2016-07-27T14:51:18.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The level of difficulty depends on how much you already know before seating for an exam.&#xA;Have a go and if you don't pass, don't be upset, review again and try again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A combination of experience plus revision is a good start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Review as much as you can and while reviewing, do mockup exams, there are tonnes of it online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I was studying I was taking notes and made my own way of studying, applying this now in the advanced level, want to go for the Agile, just as an extra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say, not necessarily in this order, but here it goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rogeriodasilva.com/istqb-theory-summary/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Review the theory and break it down into the keywords that will fall in the exam, like your own theory shortlist. I've done my own short list tip for each chapter.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rogeriodasilva.com/istqb-free-quiz/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;For every chapter (based in the ISTQB is 6 chapters) carry out a mockup test, so you can practice for that particular chapter, then repeat until you absorb what each chapter contains. I have done my own mockup tests so I can review it on and on and on. As well as the full mockup exam, pretty much similar with the one in the actual exam. Don't focus on remembering exactly word by word, but in the shape of the questions.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then, to help me visualise it and to help me remember the topics, chapters and the keywords of each part, I have done a mind map.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you are not already working in the industry, a good option to familiarise with the terms and procedures is to try to get a freelance job. This will introduce you to this world and even for the experienced software testers out there, this is a good place to fill in the gap on between contracts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps and good luck with your studying and exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Review &gt; practice &gt; repeat &gt; pass!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18365" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T14:51:18.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20634" CreationDate="2016-07-27T15:04:47.020" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;While studying for the ISTQB exam, I have shrinking down to a more summarised text to help me understand and remember the topics at the exam.&#xA;Here's a bit of what &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rogeriodasilva.com/istqb-theory-summary/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;I have shared in my blog last year&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before all that you will need a &lt;strong&gt;TEST CONDITION&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is a test condition?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A: An item or event of a component or system that could be verified by one or more test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test case&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A set of input values, execution preconditions, expected results and execution post-conditions, such as to exercise a part of the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test specification&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black box testing&lt;/strong&gt; – test cases derived directly from a specification or a model of a system or proposed system (documentation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5 types of specification-based techniques&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Equivalence partitioning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary value analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decision table testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;State transition testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use case testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test procedure&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sequence of actions for the execution of a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test design&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Black box techniques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;White box techniques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience based techniques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps you understand. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18365" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T06:42:19.933" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T06:42:19.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20753" CreationDate="2016-07-27T15:07:38.543" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer borrows from NarendraC's answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test (priority=1)&#xA;public void CreateNew() throws Exception&#xA;{       &#xA;    Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\CreateNew.exe&quot;);&#xA;    p.waitFor();       &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test (priority=2, dependsOnMethods={&quot;CreateNew&quot;})&#xA;public void OpenaFile() throws Exception&#xA;{&#xA;        Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\OpenaFile.exe&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue, from what I could tell, was that the first method exited prior to completion. By adding the wait onto the process it will wait for it to end. This will, I believe, give you the desired result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T15:07:38.543" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20755" CreationDate="2016-07-27T18:41:00.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jenkins is doing exactly what it should be doing: the point of executing test cases along with a build is to &lt;em&gt;fail&lt;/em&gt; the build as soon as any changes break any of the regression test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is not what you want to happen, you need to change your Jenkins setup: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the tests fail because there is a real problem&lt;/strong&gt; - fix the application. The application might build just fine, but your tests are saying something is wrong with how it works.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the tests fail because they are wrong&lt;/strong&gt; - fix the tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failed tests do not stop the build process &lt;em&gt;completing&lt;/em&gt;, but it will not complete successfully unless all tests pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-07-27T18:41:00.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20763" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-26T15:01:47.363" Score="4" ViewCount="382" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Summary&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have large Selenium Test project, and I'm struggling with how to manage my test structure in a way that I feel is easily maintainable, scalable, and that provides a good level of test granularity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Setup&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently my organization has great number of what I would describe as &quot;Functional Tests&quot; written in an excel document, with the following structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press button X -&gt; Grid enters edit mode&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attempt to add invalid value Y to field X in edit grid -&gt; validation is shown...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete item X by pressing... -&gt; item is removed from the grid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tests have been working well for our organization, but as our product increases in size we have decided to use Selenium to automate these tests. Following the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.jsp#page-object-design-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/a&gt; and Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;https://mestachs.wordpress.com/2012/08/13/selenium-best-practices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Best Practices&lt;/a&gt; I have converted these tests into several hundred(soon 1000's) of Selenium automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tests are provide a high level of coverage and are at a good level of granularity, however when translated into automated selenium tests it soon becomes readily apparent that they have a large number of dependencies on each other. This then leads into questions like &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38535870/a-faster-way-to-generate-a-series-of-ordered-tests-without-renaming-my-unit-test&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt;. Also if one dependency is broken, many later tests will fail for reasons not readily apparent to the test runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Current Design&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I've done to solve this issue of dependencies and run order execution is to structure my tests in the following manner:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ClassInitialize(Each test class represents a page) - Create a Bunch of Test Object/Data to be Manipulated&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test 1 - Access already create Test Object, navigate to subitem, create/edit/delete&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test 2 - Access already create Test Object, test validation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test 2 - Access already create Test Object, create/delete&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests can now be run in any order, they no longer have any dependencies on each other(only the data/objects created in the &quot;ClassInitialize&quot; class).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, now I no longer have the granularity that I achieved with my hand written tests, as now, any time I interact with items that I didn't create in the setup step, I need to create and delete them just to test the edit functionality. Also the &quot;ClassInitialize&quot; class becomes huge and encompasses much of the functionality that I'm trying to test in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems by solving the issue of dependency I have introduced these new challenges. I wonder if any one else has faced a similiar problem, it seems to me that any complicated page with many selenium tests would have the same challenges, but unfortunately, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12271/example-selenium-project-in-c&quot;&gt;examples online&lt;/a&gt; that I can find never truely get to a scale where these questions are addressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Question&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I structure my Selenium automated browser tests so that I can maximize the granularity without introducing complex dependencies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19550" OwnerDisplayName="Dave13s" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T13:15:10.187" Title="Selenium Test Design Struture - Test Granularity for a Large Project" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20763" CreationDate="2016-07-28T03:46:02.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As your description, your test suite has already provided a good level of granularity, but when converting them to automated tests they get a number of dependencies (prepare data, object .. etc). My suggestion is that you can do the dependent steps directly in DB. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the granularity, we just convert test case to automated test, so it will be the same level of granularity as what your test suite has provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Original&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Do you or your team have permission to access database ? If yes, you can prepare pre-condition data directly in database&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write some store procedures to setup pre-condition step.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run these setup on Test account.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a job to clean everything on Test account each day.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="18358" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T10:05:54.597" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T10:05:54.597" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17072" CreationDate="2016-07-28T03:54:47.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Saurav - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you are able to select your document perfectly, anyways control/focus will be automatically shifted to your main browser window. Isn't it really?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Still if you wanted to handle from code, I will suggest to go through &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/20600/how-to-handle-the-browser-pop-ups-in-selenium-ide/20602#20602&quot;&gt;How to handle browser pop-up&lt;/a&gt;. Core concept will remain same.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; to upload a file using selenium web driver, make sure that the input element is visible on the page. Once the element is visible, you should simply use below mentioned code:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;myUploadElement&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;absolute path of the file&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should not click on the browse button as it will open windows dialogue box and selenium web driver won't work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;myUploadElement&lt;/code&gt; is the id of that element and in &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; you have to specify the absolute path of the content you want to upload (Image,video etc). Selenium will do the rest for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;sendkeys()&lt;/code&gt; wont work at all, then you can also use &lt;code&gt;SikuliX&lt;/code&gt; to handle uploading files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;SikuliX&lt;/code&gt; can be used as it automates everything that you see on the screen. It uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give a try, Hope it helps !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T07:47:02.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20732" CreationDate="2016-07-28T04:33:21.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because you have the &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Debug_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debug Sampler&lt;/a&gt; between failing sampler and the If Controller. Debug Sampler is successful in the absolute majority of cases, and it generates a result and overwrites &lt;code&gt;${JMeterThread.last_sample_ok}&lt;/code&gt; variable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable or remove the Debug Sampler which is before the If Controller. If you need debugging information - consider adding &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Debug_PostProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debug PostProcessor&lt;/a&gt; as  child of the &quot;OpenSubmission&quot; request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you use &lt;code&gt;${JMeterThread.last_sample_ok}&lt;/code&gt; as If Controller condition. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XTc7K.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XTc7K.png&quot; alt=&quot;Debug Sampler Overwrite last result&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-if-controller-and-get-pie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter's 'IF' Controller and Get Pie&lt;/a&gt; guide for comprehensive information on conditionally executing JMeter Samplers using If Controller.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T04:33:21.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20767" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20789" CreationDate="2016-07-28T04:50:37.040" Score="1" ViewCount="1430" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to detect if current running autoit script is failed or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to wait for 1 min in the following code, if in this time 1st Autoit script doesn't complete then it will move on to 2nd script but in the output Console it will show that 1st Script is Passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test (priority=1)&#xA;public void CreateNew() throws Exception&#xA;{       &#xA;   Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\CreateNew.exe&quot;);&#xA;   process.waitFor(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);      &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there a Way to detect wheather the following script is failed?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible Solution can be :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is to detect wheather script is skipped/stoped due to &lt;code&gt;process.waitFor(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES)&lt;/code&gt; and if it is so then fail the script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So Can any one suggest me a solution for this Issue or a way to Implement the above Possible Solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T13:09:14.910" Title="How to Detect if Autoit script is failed or not in selenium (java)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;autoit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20769" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-28T06:24:15.573" Score="1" ViewCount="418" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is simple , I am using Eclipse IDE &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it required to install Android SDK to test/run Android app on real device using Appium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T04:22:39.967" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T04:22:39.967" Title="Is Android SDK required to test Android APK using Appium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20769" CreationDate="2016-07-28T07:13:08.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;yes, Sameer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are trying to test android app using appium, you need to have Android SDK installed on your machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can say this is kind of Pre-requisites for Appium!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T07:13:08.173" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-28T07:26:43.630" Score="0" ViewCount="3023" Body="&lt;p&gt;I still didn´t find any way to setting up FireFox driver or IE driver.&#xA;For using Chrome driver, you will just easily write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver driverGC = new ChromeDriver(@&quot;Chrome driver directory&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;something like &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver driverGC = new ChromeDriver(@&quot;C:\&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;and you can work with GC.&#xA;But for setting up FF driver I tried to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver driverFF = new `FirefoxDriver(FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@&quot;directory of gecko driver&quot;));`&#xA;FirefoxDriver driverFF = new FirefoxDriver(FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@&quot;c:\firefox&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the problem here is that will just open FF and immediately close without any other action.&#xA;There was a second way to use FF driver, but it wanted to navigate to Profile driver directory, but what they means with profile ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For IE driver, I tried to use old way similar to GC, but it does´t work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  InternetExplorerDriver driverIE = new InternetExplorerDriver(@&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Web Driver&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there someone who can show me how to write the code or on which .exe navigates it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found helpers just for JAVA, but I need to use it in C#.&#xA;Thanks for any kind of help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19511" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-07-28T08:34:20.183" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T12:34:04.510" Title="Setting up IE driver and FireFox driver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20769" CreationDate="2016-07-28T08:31:13.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;RTFM please &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Add the Android SDK tools folder to your path so you can run android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can actually add only a small subset of the tools if you know which ones, adb is one for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T08:31:13.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20746" CreationDate="2016-07-28T08:37:09.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually will use Xpath, when we don't have a suitable or unique id/name attribute for the element which we wish to locate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can take xpath of an element in Three ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Absolute XPath (&lt;em&gt;Not preferable, starts from main parent tag of element&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Relative XPath  (&lt;em&gt;Starts from parent tag of the current element,which you wish to locate.&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Same Level Xpath &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TagName[@property=&quot;value&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For your developer code you can find XPath in above 3 ways.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Same Level XPath:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button[@class=&quot;add-widget ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-icon-only&quot;];&#xA;&#xA;(or)&#xA;&#xA;button[@title=&quot;Add widget&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Relative XPath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Parent Tag name/button/class=&quot;add-widget ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-icon-only&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Span Elements&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Same Level XPath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button[@title=&quot;Add widget&quot;]/span[1]&#xA;button[@title=&quot;Add widget&quot;]/span[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="14384" LastEditDate="2016-07-28T08:44:51.277" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T08:44:51.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20771" CreationDate="2016-07-28T09:07:35.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2.53.0 is compatible up-to Firefox version 46.0 only.Once check your Firefox browser version.Currently running 48.0 FF version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I given answer based on your statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But the problem here is that will just open FF and immediately close without any other action.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update us if you have queries or issue resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T09:07:35.880" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-28T09:57:46.030" Score="3" ViewCount="3496" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am converting my project element library from xpath to CSS. Some xpath expression written using 'following' and 'preceding' method. Like below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id='dashboard_right_now']/following::a[contains(@href, 'edit')][text() = 'Posts']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to convert same expression with equivalent CSS. I searched google around and found &quot;+&quot; operator used as 'following' in CSS. But firepath tools gives &quot;no node matched&quot; error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div#dashboard_right_now&amp;gt;div.inside&amp;gt;div&amp;gt;p + a[href*='edit']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestion on how to incorporate 'following' and 'preceding' methods in css selector. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19562" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:01:36.013" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:01:36.013" Title="XPath 'following', 'preceding' method equivalent in CSS selecor selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20775" CreationDate="2016-07-28T10:54:11.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please consider the following advice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;preceding:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;css selector currently does not support traverse backwards, it may be&#xA;supported in the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;following:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Element E1 following some sibling E2, &lt;code&gt;css = E2+E1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Element E1 following sibling E2 with one element in between, &lt;code&gt;css = E2+ * + E1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some element immediately following E, &lt;code&gt;css = E + *&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T10:54:11.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20777" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-28T11:29:45.970" Score="1" ViewCount="1859" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are trying to use JMeter for SOA testing to reduce some cost.  Where we are unable to find a utility to option to read data from MQ using JMeter as like we have option in Parasoft SOA test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way we can do that in JMeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19563" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T02:35:17.583" LastActivityDate="2021-04-08T16:04:45.467" Title="How to read data from Websphere MQ using jmeter, is there any plugin or utility available?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20778" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20779" CreationDate="2016-07-28T16:31:17.330" Score="5" ViewCount="1492" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run automated API tests on localhost with an invalid cert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a chromeOption equivalent to &quot;Proceed Anyway&quot; that I can pass to the tests so they can get a response from the url?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I am manually testing the API via Postman (after using Proceed Anyway in Chrome), so the API itself does work, but the automation cannot get a response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11987" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2019-01-22T02:28:40.507" LastActivityDate="2019-01-22T02:28:40.507" Title="Using SuperTest/Protractor on unsecure HTTPS" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20778" CreationDate="2016-07-28T16:49:23.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is works for me (in python):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()&#xA;options.add_experimental_option(&quot;excludeSwitches&quot;, [&quot;ignore-certificate-errors&quot;])&#xA;webdriver_instance = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24507078/how-to-deal-with-certificates-using-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24507078/how-to-deal-with-certificates-using-selenium&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24168407/unsupported-command-line-flag-ignore-certificate-errors&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24168407/unsupported-command-line-flag-ignore-certificate-errors&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T16:49:23.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20767" CreationDate="2016-07-28T20:15:45.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mind, this is only a &lt;em&gt;suggestion&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have some knowledge of AutoIt but little or no experience with Selenium/Java, so you will have to check out if this works for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AutoIt has good Windows integration. You can use it to create a file. So if you have AutoIt create a file with a certain name on completion you can then detect the existence of this file through Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The AutoIt command looks like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/libfunctions/_FileCreate.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  _FileCreate ( $sFilePath )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a topic describing file detection with Selenium/Java &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30726126/detecting-a-file-downloaded-in-selenium-java&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  File dir = new File(downloadPath);&#xA;  File[] dirContents = dir.listFiles();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...and then cycle through the list to find it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If&lt;/em&gt; this works, you can of course use it to detect completion as well as result.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Actually the first thing I'd try would be to let AutoIt return an exit code. But that may be cumbersome to get to work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/libfunctions/_FileCreate.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/libfunctions/_FileCreate.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30726126/detecting-a-file-downloaded-in-selenium-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30726126/detecting-a-file-downloaded-in-selenium-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-07-28T20:22:48.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18035" CreationDate="2016-07-29T02:10:49.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to accomplish your goal by having a very long xpath, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xpath expression combines two xpath with a logical operator, make it hard to maintain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xpath is less stable than css selector, make it hard to maintain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please consider the following suggestions: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;using xpath:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;listOfWeekdays = driver.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;//tr[@class='fc-first fc-last']/td&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can address Sunday ~ Sat by indexing &lt;code&gt;listOfWeekdays&lt;/code&gt;, please bear in mind the very last element(&lt;code&gt;listOfWeekdays[7]&lt;/code&gt;) in &lt;code&gt;listOfWeekdays&lt;/code&gt; is NOT a week day; it is element &lt;code&gt;td[@class='fc-agenda-gutter ui-widget-content fc-last']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;listOfWorkingHours = driver.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;//tr[@class='fc-agenda-slots']//tr&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can address working hours 0~17 by indexing &lt;code&gt;listOfWorkingHours&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Using Css Selector:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;listOfWeekdays = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(&quot;tr[class='fc-first fc-last']&gt;td&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can address Sunday ~ Sat by indexing &lt;code&gt;listOfWeekdays&lt;/code&gt;, please bear in mind the very last element(&lt;code&gt;listOfWeekdays[7]&lt;/code&gt;) in &lt;code&gt;listOfWeekdays&lt;/code&gt; is NOT a week day; it is element &lt;code&gt;td[class='fc-agenda-gutter ui-widget-content fc-last']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;listOfWorkingHours = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(&quot;tr[@class='fc-agenda-slots']&amp;gt;tbody&amp;gt;tr&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can address working hours 0~17 by indexing &lt;code&gt;listOfWorkingHours&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;You may ask why xpath is less desirable than css selector?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;css selector is about identifying a web element by its attributes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;xpath is about identifying a web element by its attributes AND its whereabouts in HTML hierarchy tree. For a web element, its whereabouts in HTML hierarchy is prone to changes where attributes tend to stay the same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T02:10:49.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15614" CreationDate="2016-07-29T02:17:23.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard to help you with an exact answer as you have not provided web elements for this auto-generated web element list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a general rule:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;companyNameInputBox = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;the css selector of this text input box&quot;).send_keys(&quot;T.A. ACTON&quot;)&#xA;listOfAutoMatches = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(&quot;ul&amp;gt;li&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;listOfAutoMatches&lt;/code&gt; will have all four auto generated names, where you can address the last one by using &lt;code&gt;listOfAutoMatches[3]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may not be able to copy and paste my answer as I might have used an incompleted css selector based on the limited info. you provided. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T02:17:23.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20783" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20787" CreationDate="2016-07-29T05:04:05.747" Score="1" ViewCount="937" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there sort of a hierarchy as far as &quot;good automation test design&quot;? Especially when it comes to finding elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since sometimes &quot;click_button&quot; or &quot;choose&quot; (for radio buttons) just does not work (What usually causes this, by the way? Even when an ID/name is clearly shown in the HTML, it'll throw an element not found?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afterwards the next thing that I usually try is find. (Is this the wrong way to go about it?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However with find you have many options, find by CSS, find by ID (if an ID exists) and then find by Xpath. Plus also finding by Elements (IE 'li' :text =&gt; &quot;Whatever)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a certain thing you should try before doing find (when an element is unable to be found the normal way, for whatever reason? I'm really curious what causes this)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when using find should you rely on Xpath last?...first? (I seem to always have to end up using Xpath w/Capybara+Poltergeist. But it feels brittle).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm just trying to figure out best practices for these things, is there a good guide for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;find&lt;/code&gt; vs &lt;code&gt;page.find&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;page.should have_content(text)&lt;/code&gt; vs just should &lt;code&gt;have_content(text)&lt;/code&gt;? What's the difference? What does appending &lt;code&gt;page.&lt;/code&gt; exactly do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T03:45:35.190" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T03:45:35.190" Title="Preferred methods of finding elements using Capybara + Poltergeist" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20624" CreationDate="2016-07-29T06:54:01.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose of keyword driven frameworks compared to data driven frameworks.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keyword-driven testing is a technique that separates much of the programming work from the actual test steps so that the test steps can be developed earlier and can often be maintained with only minor updates, even when the application or testing needs change significantly. The keyword-driven testing methodology divides test creation into two stages:   Planning Stage, Implementation Stage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data- Driven testing is a framework where test input and output values are read from data files (datapools, ODBC sources, csv files, Excel files, DAO objects, ADO objects, and such) and are loaded into variables in captured or manually coded scripts. In this framework, variables are used for both input values and output verification values. Navigation through the program, reading of the data files, and logging of test status and information are all coded in the test script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What circumstances would make a keyword-driven framework more appropriate for an automated test suite than a data-driven framework?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The keyword driven automation framework is initially the hardest and most time-consuming data driven approach to implement. After all, we are trying to fully insulate our tests from both the many failings of the automation tools, as well as changes to the application itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To accomplish this, we are essentially writing enhancements to many of the component functions already provided by the automation tool: such as error correction, prevention, and enhanced synchronization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fortunately, this heavy, initial investment is mostly a one-shot deal. Once in place, keyword driven automation is arguably the easiest of the data driven frameworks to maintain and perpetuate providing the greatest potential for long-term success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For More Understanding read this&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://safsdev.sourceforge.net/FRAMESDataDrivenTestAutomationFrameworks.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://safsdev.sourceforge.net/FRAMESDataDrivenTestAutomationFrameworks.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T06:54:01.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20783" CreationDate="2016-07-29T07:02:54.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Q.1 Sometimes &quot;click_button&quot; or &quot;choose&quot; (for radio buttons) does not work. Even when an ID/name is clearly shown in the HTML &amp;amp; it'll throw an element not found?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ans - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One basic mistaken we might can do is - if we have seen element on page means that will be identified by program/code too. Don't believe only on eyes, Good if we right code considering needs of actual program.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Error not thrown means, element is present and identified. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then we observed its not working as we are expecting action (Click/Choose/Select) : This happens because We have clicked on element but do we have really confirmed whether page is fully loaded and ready for the action to be taken?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mostly few services might be in progress, page may be under loading state. This may be the cause for its action failure and that too without even error &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Solution 1: We should add appropriate methods to check &amp;amp; confirm page is completely loaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Solution 2: We should apply wait for element before taking action on it, to make sure presence of element programatically. This will be consider as good practice.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q.2 What to use first and last from ID, CSS, Xpath and combinations of those?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ans - Preferred selector order from Max to min:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ID or Resource-ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name or TagName or LinkName&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Combination of CSS &amp;amp; Text or ID &amp;amp; Text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q.3 What does appending page. exactly do?page.find or page.should have_content(text) vs just should have_content(text)? Whats the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ans - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actually you know that we are providing page object to take further actions on the &quot;page.&quot; and &quot;page.&quot; is doing exactly same [page. = page object]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;page.find : We are finding the element using this method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;page.should have_content(text): We are applying assert to condition of text presence. If text is not available then terminate execution is mean and power of Assertion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T07:12:26.280" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T07:12:26.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20744" CreationDate="2016-07-29T07:10:19.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All test methods should be void. It's in the test assertions that confirms if your code is producing the intended output.&#xA;Example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testAddBanana() {&#xA;//Your data setup and invocation of the add method&#xA;assertTrue(ans == result);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information of the different types of annotations and assertions, check the &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19412" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T07:10:19.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20783" CreationDate="2016-07-29T08:10:26.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To work around element not found errors (when you are sure element should be found) you should add waits for element before you actually click on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you do it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Wait element to be visible&#xA;Wait element to be clickable&#xA;Find and Click element&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be ugly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example you could do something like this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void Wait(Element)&#xA;{&#xA;           selenium Wait until Element is visible&#xA;           selenium Wait until Element is clickable&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;IWebElement Find(Element)&#xA;{&#xA;    IWebElement element;&#xA;&#xA;        Wait(Element);&#xA;        element = selenium Find element&#xA;        return element;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;void Click(Element) &#xA;{&#xA;    Find(Element).Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in tests its simply:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Click(Element)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think Capybara already does wait for element to be visible before clicking with &quot;click_button&quot;, so you can either try to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-modify it to wait 'better' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-add longer timeout or use better locators (are you 100% sure it is found?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-add your own waits somehow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T08:46:47.630" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T08:46:47.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20788" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-29T11:54:40.550" Score="4" ViewCount="3482" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having some issues with the way the WebDriverWait and FluentWait is (not) working. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, the requirement: &#xA;Checking for the visibility of an validation error after submitting a login form. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I perform a successful login which leaves me at another page. To check if the login was fine I poll for the validation error which obviously is not there. &#xA;To do that, I am checking the webelement that is supposed to contain the validation error message for it's visibility. Since it wont be there I am expecting a timeout or no such element exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static WebElement isVisible(By webElementLocator, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    WebElement element = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 1))&#xA;                .ignoring(TimeoutException.class, NoSuchElementException.class)&#xA;                .until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(webElementLocator));&#xA;    return element;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am ignoring timeouts and missing elements but get a timeout exception anyway. My question is: WHY? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a version of that method where I can pass a WebElement instead of an By-Locator. Looks like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static WebElement isVisible(WebElement webElement, WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    WebElement element = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 2))&#xA;                .ignoring(TimeoutException.class, NoSuchElementException.class)&#xA;                .until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(webElement));&#xA;    return element;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, however, results in a longer wait of 20 seconds because (that is my guess) the implicit timeout set by the AjaxElementLocatorFactory I use to retrieve the Webelements overrides that wait instruction in the isVisible Method. This is very unexpected. Am I doing something wrong? This also raises a timeout exception which it should not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//excerpt of a page object &#xA;public class SomeLoginPage extends ABaseLoginPage {&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(css= &quot;p.form-group.login-toggle &amp;gt; a &amp;gt; span&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement loginToggleButton;&#xA;    @FindBy(className=&quot;login-center-form&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement loginForm;&#xA;    @FindBy(css=&quot;div.alert.alert-danger &amp;gt; span&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement loginValidationError;&#xA;    By ByloginValidationError = By.cssSelector(&quot;div.alert.alert-danger &amp;gt; span&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    public SomeLoginPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;        AjaxElementLocatorFactory factory = new AjaxElementLocatorFactory(this.driver, 20);&#xA;        PageFactory.initElements(factory, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public String getValidationErrorMessage() {&#xA;        String valErrMsg = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;        WebElement valErr = DriverUtils.isVisible(ByloginValidationError, driver);&#xA;        if(valErr!=null) valErrMsg = valErr.getText();&#xA;        return valErrMsg;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I missing something? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I could work around this issues by just catching the Exception the the utility method by that would defeat the purpose of the waiting concept in general. Furthermore I want to avoid try-catch blocks as much as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8153" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T13:13:45.387" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T21:44:27.670" Title="Unexpected WebDriverWait / FluentWait behaviour - throws Exceptions anyway" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20767" CreationDate="2016-07-29T13:09:14.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are wanting to do is look for the exit code from AutoIT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can set the exit code using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/keywords/Exit.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;exit keyword&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, an exit code of 0 is success anything else is a failure or gives other information. By using different exit codes in your AutoIT script you can then check the code in your Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;exeFiles\\CreateNew.exe&quot;);&#xA;   Integer exitCode = process.waitFor(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES); &#xA;   Assert.assertEquals(exitCode,0);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will cause the first test case to fail if the exit code is not 0. You can change it to other integers by using the Exit code. For example, you may want to use a different exit code if x happens instead of y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T13:09:14.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20788" CreationDate="2016-07-29T14:10:43.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Faster and more reliable way to find optionally present elements is &lt;code&gt;find_elements()&lt;/code&gt; which returns a LIST of elements located, and this list is empty if none found. This method does NOT wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@PaulMuir: To make sure that form was successfully processed before checking for errors, I suggest to WAIT for element which ALWAYS appears on the form when submission was processed (so as soon as form was processed your program can continue), then &lt;code&gt;find_elements()&lt;/code&gt; with error messages without waiting. Such steps of operation will be faster and less flaky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-07-29T14:26:08.903" LastActivityDate="2016-07-29T14:26:08.903" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20792" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20793" CreationDate="2016-07-29T17:49:58.283" Score="1" ViewCount="5757" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to automate an Android test on a real device using Appium in which I have an App that in order to complete a registration will ask the user to take a Selfie, so when the user clicks this button the device camera opens up, the only thing that is missing is that I can't find a way to make the script make a click on the button to take a photo.&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LgMFt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LgMFt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19582" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T02:00:26.930" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T08:10:14.277" Title="Appium + Android Camera : How to automate android camera scenarios using Appium? Any work around?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20792" CreationDate="2016-07-30T07:02:28.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@ASR7, No - I would like to correct below things&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We can not automate android mobile app automation using Selenium. Selenium is use to automate web/browser automation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Facility in order to automate Android mobile app test case, one may use Appium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.1  BTW &amp;amp; Answer to your Q - It doesn't allow to identify elements from another android app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.2 As one will not able to identify element of another app[2nd app or app which you might have opened from 1st your app] you can not make your script to click to take a selfie.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2019-04-25T08:10:14.277" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T08:10:14.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-30T07:28:42.073" Score="2" ViewCount="752" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to automate tests for a hybrid app, while switching, it only shows name native context. WebView Context is shown as webview_undefined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;  contextNames = driver.getContextHandles();&#xA;for (String contextName : contextNames) &#xA;{&#xA;     System.out.println(contextName);&#xA;     if (contextName .contains(&quot;WEBVIEW&quot;))&#xA;     {&#xA;         driver.context(contextName); &#xA;        webViewFound = true; &#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;switched to webview&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using the above code. Can anyone give solution for this !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19498" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T02:56:34.633" LastActivityDate="2021-04-08T12:02:45.270" Title="Switching to Webview context fails" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20796" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-30T07:35:28.120" Score="2" ViewCount="501" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's kind of late asking this question. But reason I'm posting it because information on these two links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One says that it is Google's product and other says that it ThoughtWorks' product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is Google's Product&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_(software)#Selenium_WebDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_(software)#Selenium_WebDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k7YTD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/k7YTD.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is ThoughtWorks product:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LJzgn.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LJzgn.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T15:44:53.850" Title="Who invented WebDriver ThoughtWorks or Google?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20795" CreationDate="2016-07-30T07:50:40.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dinesh, Give a try to below snippet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles =driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = handles.iterator();&#xA;&#xA;String parent = it.next();&#xA;String child = it.next();&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(child);&#xA;//perform actions on child window&#xA;&#xA;driver.close(); // only for child wondow&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;//perform actions on parent window&#xA;&#xA;driver.quit(); // After execution of main thread and for parent window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T07:50:40.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17470" CreationDate="2016-07-30T08:31:45.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my research and knowledge:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Appium &lt;strong&gt;relies on instrumentation&lt;/strong&gt; for certain features (&lt;strong&gt;requires &#xA;signing&lt;/strong&gt;) so you'll want to sign using your known key &lt;strong&gt;to avoid the &#xA;tamper detection problems&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It &lt;strong&gt;should be possible to support not signing&lt;/strong&gt; when using only &#xA;uiautomator.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can automate Android apk files using appium, &lt;strong&gt;as long as you have the apk binary&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;iOS requires a signed developer build&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Point in the introduction page states that &quot;You &lt;strong&gt;shouldn't have to recompile your app&lt;/strong&gt; or modify it in any way &lt;strong&gt;in order to automate it&lt;/strong&gt;.&quot; So that &lt;strong&gt;means we do not need to re-sign the apk to automate&lt;/strong&gt; with appium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T08:31:45.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20796" CreationDate="2016-07-30T09:39:56.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jason Huggins was the person who invented Selenium RC in 2004 as an Internal Tool at ThoughtWorks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latter on when peoples start noticing a lot of cons about Selenium RC (also called Selenium 1) like security, usability etc; So Jason Huggins and his team met Google in 2007  and they together started working on making Selenium more advance (also Called as Selenium 2) although in ThoughtsWorks Simon Stewart Continued on Working Selenium RC and developed a superior browser automation tool called WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then Jason Huggins from &lt;strong&gt;Google&lt;/strong&gt; and Simon Stewart from &lt;strong&gt;ThoughtWorks&lt;/strong&gt; combined their work and Selenium-Webdriver(also Called as Selenium 2) was Born.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-07-30T17:34:11.127" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T17:34:11.127" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20680" CreationDate="2016-07-30T16:24:49.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right that the problem is not with the proxy.  The problem is with correlation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Dmitri T correctly noted, with JMeter you would need to do some extra work to replace hard-coded parameters which need to be dynamic. This process calls manual correlation. This article explains the challenge of fixing correlation errors in load testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.methodsandtools.com/archive/loadtesterrors1.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.methodsandtools.com/archive/loadtesterrors1.php&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enterprise applications and especially banking applications use multiple dynamic variables such as session IDs, security tokens, etc. Configuring correlation manually can be difficult. Your best bet is to try a commercial tool that performs correlation (or some portion of it) automatically, as open source tools do not have auto-correlation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for a low-budget option, our load testing tool StresStimulus has auto-correlation and has weekly and monthly licenses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for a zero-budget option, try to fix your script yourself in JMeter using Comprehensive Correlation Method which is tool-independent: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stresstimulus.com/blog/post/eradicating-load-testing-errors-2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.stresstimulus.com/blog/post/eradicating-load-testing-errors-2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="704" LastActivityDate="2016-07-30T16:24:49.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="20802" CreationDate="2016-07-31T03:30:28.747" Score="3" ViewCount="522" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I query a database using complex SQL statements provided by the developer to retrieve data across multiple tables with an intention to confirm that a value was saved in database, is this considered white box testing or grey box testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I am using SQL statements that were programmed by the developer, does it seem like I am accessing database source code and therefore it is white box testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19590" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T03:29:17.113" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:02:42.997" Title="Is this grey box or white box testing, to query a database to test that data was stored in the table?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20801" CreationDate="2016-07-31T05:23:41.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, we can use separate term for this activity -- database integrity testing  (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.astqb.org/glossary/search/Database%20integrity%20testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.astqb.org/glossary/search/Database%20integrity%20testing&lt;/a&gt;). So, black box or white box categorization may not be applicable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2016-07-31T05:23:41.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20801" CreationDate="2016-07-31T05:58:22.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, we should not take test categorization too seriously. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether a test is of black, grey or white is opinion-based. The difference between black &amp;amp; grey, white &amp;amp; grey is much less obvious than the difference between black &amp;amp; white. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By definition, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;black box testing involves &lt;strong&gt;NO&lt;/strong&gt; source code; a tester knows nothing about source code. It normally involves end-user scenarios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;white box testing involves source code, everything is transparent, it does &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; involve end-user scenarios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;grey box testing is somewhere in &lt;strong&gt;between&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, source code is involved so it has to be white or grey. Which test category it belongs to is based on &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Do you consider your tests involve end-user scenario&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can argue it does involve end-user scenario as the data you are testing will likely to come from an end-user scenario &lt;strong&gt;(sampling testing some ordinary data.)&lt;/strong&gt; and you can argue it does not involve end-user scenario as you can test data that is unlike to come from an end-user scenario &lt;strong&gt;(boundary testing some ridiculous data).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T08:01:59.160" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:01:59.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20804" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-31T13:28:59.683" Score="2" ViewCount="1668" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need advice...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am an Android developer with 1 year of experience. After a last project I can't find a job because everybody is looking for much more experienced developers. &#xA;I did some manual QA jobs also in the past - that's why now I am considering to move into QA again (there are lower enter barriers in this field). But I'm affraid what most HR companies alredy familiar with my CV and &quot;Android developer&quot; profile (I live in relatively small city). And if some HR manager will receive my CV for QA position- he/she will decide that I'm developer/ not tester/ overqualified...&#xA;How can I overcome this and receive some calls for QA positions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for any thoughts!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19593" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T14:33:58.220" Title="Want to move from development to QA" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-09T21:44:38.440" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20805" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-31T16:08:21.220" Score="8" ViewCount="16613" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I use Appium to test iOS app on Windows 7?&#xA;Actually I have planned to test an iOS app, but i do not have the mac machine, will I need xcode to use appium for iOS app?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17500" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T04:42:43.650" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T14:02:33.140" Title="Can appium be run on windows to test iOS app?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20804" CreationDate="2016-07-31T19:21:27.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;An interview is an interview, you should be interviewed for any position that you apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have 1y experience as an Android developer does not mean that you are overqualified for a QA role, even if is an automation one, coding is just a part of an QA automation role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that there are people with experience that do not know how to approach some of the basic issues, that is why experience is just for getting you to the interview, after that it depends on your real skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apply for any position that you would like and do your best, but keep in mind that you should decide before what you want to focus on qa or dev, you may receive a question regarding this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you decide that you want a dev position but you don't have an experience, see if you can find an internship or a junior position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your experience should help you for any position that you choose, it depends on you if is an entry level or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing to keep in mind is ask if is possible that later you can switch to another position if needed, some companies may offer this option and even provide some training.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="18490" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T11:34:57.133" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T11:34:57.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20807" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-07-31T22:23:35.717" Score="6" ViewCount="6523" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was hoping to find an open source project where I can be a volunteer QA Tester. Anyone know a project looking for one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19598" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T06:09:44.260" Title="Where can I volunteer to become a QA Tester?" Tags="&lt;tester&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20796" CreationDate="2016-08-01T04:15:47.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is an open source project. Since its begining in 2004 at ThoughtWorks with Jason Huggins building the Core mode as &quot;JavaScriptTestRunner&quot; for the testing, over the years many people have contributed and evolved from Selenium IDe to RC to Selenium WebDriver. It is not a Google Product, but yes many people working at Google have contributed to the project. You can find details of the history and contributors of Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/about/history.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/about/contributors.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T04:15:47.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20807" CreationDate="2016-08-01T04:38:16.567" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can always Google open source software projects and contact the developers and show interest in volunteering for Testing. You can also try below links and also get help from various Software Testing forums.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://chrismcmahonsblog.blogspot.in/2013/06/open-testing-wikipedia-mail-list-and.html&quot;&gt;open testing Wikipedia mail list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot;&gt;Weekend Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.utest.com/&quot;&gt;UTest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.mozilla.org/QA/Execution/Web_Testing/Volunteer&quot;&gt;Mozilla Wiki QA/Execution/Web Testing/Contribute&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T04:38:16.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20810" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-01T05:32:46.150" Score="1" ViewCount="1023" Body="&lt;p&gt;When clicked on supportmailid present in webpage it takes me to Outlook create mail, how do I automate this? I am using selenium for all my automation of web-app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16117" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T06:25:20.820" LastActivityDate="2018-04-24T05:14:03.710" Title="How do I automate onclick redirection to Outlook for creating mail?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20805" CreationDate="2016-08-01T07:46:36.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you can not do that, please refer to this link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/slate/en/master/?ruby#running-appium-on-windows&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;You can not test iOS app on Windows&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LIMITATIONS&#xA;If you are running Appium on Windows, you can use the Appium.exe client, which will allow you to quickly launch an Appium server and use the Inspector. You will not be able to test iOS apps on a locally hosted server, because Appium relies on OS X-only libraries to support iOS testing. You can however use the Remote Server option to connect to an Appium server running on a Mac.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said this, if you can install Mac OS within your Windows OS in virtual environment, then you will be able to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T07:46:36.387" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20810" CreationDate="2016-08-01T09:22:30.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is tough scenario to automate Komal. &lt;strong&gt;Using selenium, We are restricted to interact only with web elements.&lt;/strong&gt; I have face this issue. Its not possible to automate with outlook. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work-around :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can &lt;strong&gt;get() the support email address from web&lt;/strong&gt; page&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Write one custom method to send_an_email()&lt;/strong&gt;. This will include all the steps of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open browser &amp;amp; visit on specific url &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valid login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compose &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter email address of &quot;To&quot;, write subject line &amp;amp; actual email text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;support_email as a input parameter for send_an_email()&lt;/strong&gt; method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This way you can automate your scenario of sending email to support team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T09:22:30.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20788" CreationDate="2016-08-01T09:56:17.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;FluentWait&lt;/code&gt; instance defines the maximum amount of time to wait for a condition, as well as the frequency with which to check the condition. It is not possible to ignore &lt;code&gt;TimeoutException&lt;/code&gt; when FluentWait times out, as the concept become meaningless. This is how the API works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T09:56:17.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20804" CreationDate="2016-08-01T10:13:11.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most developers look down upon testers, particularly manual testers. I even heard someone said: &lt;strong&gt;testers at best are washed-out developers&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have got a developer background, that means you know how to code; but with limited QA experience, it does not make it any easier for you to find a job as a QA tester. You do not have an upper ground than a manual tester who does not know how to code at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you do have upper hand if you are looking into the right direction, e.g. testers with coding experience, e.g. junior test automator. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting yourself a ISTQB foundation certificate may help a bit as well. I know, I know, being ISTQB certified does not mean you can test, but it beats having no certificate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T10:13:11.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20788" CreationDate="2016-08-01T10:40:18.283" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing code based on your requirement only. &lt;strong&gt;First of all, the requirement: Checking for the visibility of an validation error after submitting a login form.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;    FirefoxDriver Driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    //Navigate to your login page&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(Driver, 30);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleIs(&quot;AssertXPath&quot;));&#xA;    //Create objects for form fields and login button&#xA;    WebElement objUN=Driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;txtUserName&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement objPWD=Driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;txtPassword&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement objLogin=Driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement objClear=Driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;clear&quot;));&#xA;    if(objUN.equals(&quot;Username&quot;)&#xA;    {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;it's a Valid Username&quot;);&#xA;      return; // if username is mismatched throws an error&#xA;     }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;invalid Username&quot;); &#xA;    }&#xA;    if(objPWD.equals(&quot;Password&quot;)&#xA;    {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Valid password&quot;);&#xA;      return; // if password is is mismatched throws an error&#xA;     }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Wrong Password&quot;); &#xA;    }&#xA;    objLogin.click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;      if(Brow.getTitle().equals(&quot;Enter the next page title&quot;))&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Login sucessfull &amp;amp; Home Page displayed&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Failed To Login&quot;);&#xA;        return;&#xA;    }&#xA;    Brow.close();&#xA;    Brow.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T10:40:18.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20804" CreationDate="2016-08-01T11:10:40.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coding knowledge never become an over qualification for QA engineer, it will gives you an extra weightage for the position. In my opinion , it's better to seek job on &quot;Mobile application testing&quot; and &quot; automation testing &quot; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T11:10:40.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20819" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-01T13:43:16.410" Score="1" ViewCount="757" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to JMeter and am confused by several things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average response time calculation: I was testing a website’s home page to calculate the average response time, i.e. how much time the page takes to load when ‘x’ no of users hit the page simultaneously (ramp up zero)? I hit the home page of the website and I found that page loaded completely in 12-13 seconds. Now in JMeter, I made 10 users to hit the home page instantaneously (ramp up zero), but the average response time came out was less than 1 second (Average was 604 in summary report and graph result), which surprised me because that’s not possible/acceptable that average response time is less than 1 second. This made me think that I’m calculating average response time in an incorrect manner.  Please check snapshots here and guide me in the right direction:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ymBan.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ymBan.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qa2nz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qa2nz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How does login script works in JMeter? The scenario is that I recorded the script in the browser using JMeter proxy server in which I logged in the application using a user’s login credential (Email id and password). Now, I made JMeter run the same script for 100 users. Now, my confusion and question is that, how JMeter runs the same script of 100 virtual users using the same login credentials, considering the fact the application does not allow multiple logins of user’s with the same login credentials, which means if the user is logged in the application, he cannot login into the application elsewhere. Please help and guide.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Throughput Calculation confusion: Throughput is transactions/requests per time. So these requests mean successful transactions only or failed transactions are also counted? I mean if we send 100 requests/minute to server and server is only able to handle 60 requests/minute and giving error for rest 40, then throughput would be 60 requests/minute or 100 requests/minute.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CSV Parameterization error: The scenario is that I recorded the script in the browser using JMeter proxy server in which I logged in the application using a user’s login credential (Email id and password), and then went to edit profile and performed actions. Now, I made the JMeter to run the same script for 10 users using Parameterization, and, out of these 10 users, I entered wrong credentials for 5 users in the CSV file. Now my confusion is that how the scripts/HTTP requests post login ran without any error, for all those users who login credentials were wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.Recording scripts: Sometimes while recording scripts for HTTP protocol, not all the scripts are recorded by JMeter. Like only PHP files are visible, CSS, JS requests are not visible. And, while recording the same website, CSS, JS, requests are also visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I have asked many questions at once, but it would be a great help if you could help me in answering my questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19610" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2020-01-03T14:50:21.427" LastActivityDate="2020-01-03T14:50:21.427" Title="Apache JMeter Basic Queries" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20804" CreationDate="2016-08-01T14:33:58.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked as IT recruiter during dot-com boom. First, quickest screening is to weed out people who you will NOT interview. After screening resumes by keywords, you spend few &lt;strong&gt;seconds&lt;/strong&gt; per resume to weed out resumes which you will not even read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So best chance for your resume to be read in detail is to &lt;strong&gt;customize it for the job you are applying&lt;/strong&gt; (instead of sending identical copy to apply for hundreds of positions). As minimum, you need to versions of your resume: as developer, and as tester. In each, you highlight different parts of your experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get some experience testing, even if it is your own project - having code to show is a plus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/resume&quot;&gt;Workplace exchange&lt;/a&gt; has also many discussions about resumes (and interviewing and changing careers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:48:41.417" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T14:33:58.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20796" CreationDate="2016-08-01T14:47:32.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From Simon Stewart book &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aosabook.org/en/selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; how and why WebDriver came to be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jason Huggins started the Selenium project in 2004 while working at ThoughtWorks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While Selenium was being developed, another browser automation framework was brewing at ThoughtWorks: WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver (first released in 2007) used different approach: Adapter pattern, (and Google significantly contributed to it from early stages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When WebDriver was released there were significant differences between it and Selenium RC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later in 2009, &lt;a href=&quot;http://google-opensource.blogspot.com/2009/05/introducing-webdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;both projects merged&lt;/a&gt; - posted by Simon Stewart on Google blog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is well worth to read the link to get better understanding what were the problems and obstacles to be solved, which inevitably shaped the solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T15:44:53.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20777" CreationDate="2016-08-01T16:49:27.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download and install &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-01.ibm.com/software/integration/wmq/clients/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebSphere MQ Client Components&lt;/a&gt; as per your server version &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have all the necessary .jar files in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#classpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter CLASSPATH&lt;/a&gt; (use &lt;em&gt;search_path&lt;/em&gt; property or copy the .jars to JMeter &quot;lib&quot; folder). JMeter restart will be required to pick the properties up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow instructions from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/building-jms-testing-plan-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Building a JMS Testing Plan - Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; to read the data from the MQ&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T16:49:27.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20801" CreationDate="2016-08-01T16:53:10.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With &lt;strong&gt;white box&lt;/strong&gt; testing, you know exactly the internal implementation of your application. Tests are designed so that each path (or line of code) is executed at least once. It is usually employed to test applications where the expected level of reliability is high or when the safety of an individual is involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;strong&gt;grey box&lt;/strong&gt; testing, you don't know the implementation, but you know the design or the data flow from the documentation which seems to be the case here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So no, the test you are describing doesn't fall under white box testing and grey box testing would fit better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this test is an integration test and not an end to end test. Moreover, using a query provided by the developer kind of defeats the purpose of the test since the query you are getting is probably used by the application itself. So if it's defective (double records, different casing, improper encoding...), it will then make your test irrelevant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T08:02:42.997" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:02:42.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20801" CreationDate="2016-08-01T21:05:46.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's black box testing.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not Grey nor White box testing. Having a SQL query that is derived from a query within the source code does not make this Grey or White box testing. Also it likely is not helping your testing at all. &lt;em&gt;All you are verifying is that the developer copied and slightly modified the query well.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to do grey or white box testing, get the source code. Dig through the queries/stored procs/etc, monitor check ins and merges. It's not difficult and it will lead to the discovery of more interesting defects. Every Developer I have ever worked with has been more than happy to go over code and answer questions that I had regarding their check-ins. The fact that you are actively taking an interest in their work and want to make their lives easier with more detailed bug reports is a massive plus for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will it help improve the quality of the project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, probably not that much.  I do find that it leads to better code being written due to the fact that the developers know that someone is paying attention. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-08-01T21:28:39.303" LastActivityDate="2016-08-01T21:28:39.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20827" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T02:57:26.677" Score="1" ViewCount="1013" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked on interviews about identifying objects, so I got a little confused. All of the below questions are related to identifying elements, so I combined them together:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other way to identify objects other than using firebug/firepath or Inspect Element?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it true that XPath is not a commonly used identifier, but even when it is used, almost always the relative XPath is used (with 2 slashes)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it true that XPath and CSS are the only two identifiers that are guaranteed to be unique?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="20899" LastEditDate="2017-08-07T13:02:25.703" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T13:02:25.703" Title="Identifying objects in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20827" CreationDate="2016-08-02T03:31:42.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there any other way to identify objects other than using firebug/firepath or Inspect Element?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, while browsing a webpage under Windows, press F12 to enter developer mode, you can inspect web object there. &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OzJlA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OzJlA.png&quot; alt=&quot;Example here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; You can also acquire HTML objects information by web scraping. E.g. using Python BeautifulSoup.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it true that x-path is not a commonly used identifier, but even when it is used, almost always the relative x-path is used (with 2 slashes)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes and no. Xpath describes the physical location of a web object, where it is on a HTML hierarchy tree; it is common for a HTML hierarchy tree to change its structure so as the result, Xpath is heavily subject to changes. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Relative xpath is more general (less specific) than absolute xpath. As the result, relative xpath is more stable than absoluate xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it true that x-path and css are the only two identifiers that are guaranteed to be unique?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, there are a number of different ways to locate an object uniquely. This depends on its context, it is possible to uniquely locate an object with its &quot;id&quot;, &quot;class&quot;, &quot;text&quot;, &quot;tag&quot;, &quot;css selector&quot; and &quot;xpath&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T03:31:42.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="389" CreationDate="2016-08-02T03:46:16.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on if you are confident that the external system will be consistent with its contracts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been in situation where the &quot;external&quot; system is maintained by other group within an organization. The other group is notorious for the workings of their API without proper communication. It also happens that their changes does not change the WSDL (it was a web service).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that scenario, we put in a full suite of integration test against the external system to ensure we detect any deviations. The tests served us well. We were able to catch deviations early and rectify them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19413" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T03:46:16.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20819" CreationDate="2016-08-02T04:06:43.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There could be different reasons hence different workaround, the most obvious are listed below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JMeter calculates response time quite well. You're getting lower response time as you are not downloading embedded resources like images, scripts, styles, etc. Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt; and configure it to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download Embedded Resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use 2-5 concurrent threads for that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733719-How-to-make-JMeter-behave-more-like-a-real-browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How To Make JMeter Behave More Like A Real Browser&lt;/a&gt; guide for more tips on making your JMeter test as realistic as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You should all &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to represent user session. And it is required to use different credentials for every virtual user, you testing should be as realistic as possible&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Glossary&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Throughput is calculated as requests/unit of time. The time is&#xA;  calculated from the start of the first sample to the end of the last&#xA;  sample. This includes any intervals between samples, as it is supposed&#xA;  to represent the load on the server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The formula is: &lt;strong&gt;Throughput = (number of requests) / (total time).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JMeter doesn't check pages for errors if &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Status Code&lt;/a&gt; is below 400 - JMeter considers request successful. You can &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; to check whether response contains what it should or doesn't contain what it should not&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000510.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Clear your browsing history&lt;/a&gt; before recording. It may be due to caching of images, scripts and styles (browsers download them only once, on subsequent requests images are being returned from browser's cache). Actually you shouldn't be recording this stuff, it's better to get it via Download Embedded Resources.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T04:06:43.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20831" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24139" CreationDate="2016-08-02T05:31:30.323" Score="6" ViewCount="15267" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 100 urls/tickers, and I want to load them in test plan(JMeter) as HTTP Request and I want to check the response(text, code) of each URL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal is to check each URL/ticker is active or not and data is loaded or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't care about load time but I do care about response time. How to go about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T05:41:37.833" LastActivityDate="2019-12-26T11:02:41.447" Title="How to load 100 urls as http request in jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20513" CreationDate="2016-08-02T06:51:21.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;automated testing&lt;/a&gt; I can recommend Ranorex. We’ve been using it for years because it allows us to easily execute the same test in different browsers, without changing the original test. Both generating a test with drag &amp;amp; drop functionality and coding is possible.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19621" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T06:51:21.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16772" CreationDate="2016-08-02T07:32:04.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should commit code using Jenkins browser resolution (1044x784) to resolve issue on Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On your local machine, you can change it to match with local resolution (but don't commit it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T07:32:04.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20836" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T07:52:29.853" Score="0" ViewCount="447" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the use of Genymotion? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My company is testing a wifi login portal using Selenium and wants me to perform load testing on the portal with multiple virtual devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the role of Genymotion in it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Swaathi is new on this forum and I guess she might not know that it's not advisable to post duplicate questions. Therefore, I'm copying the text from her other question here;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am an absolute beginner in selenium automation tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My company wants me to perform testing on wi-fi login portal that requries load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I can't use JMeter to do so because each user request should come from a unique IP address and different platforms as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each user request should be made with unique IP address and should be able to hit the portal at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way I can achieve this using Eclipse, Selenium Grid/Webdriver, Virtualbox, Genymotion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And how do I increase number of virtual devices?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/21905/is-there-a-way-i-can-can-do-performance-testing-using-eclipse-selenium-grid-web&quot;&gt;Is there a way I can do performance testing using Eclipse, Selenium Grid/Webdriver, Virtualbox, Genymotion?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19622" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T13:46:40.140" Title="Load testing using Selenium and Genymotion" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20836" CreationDate="2016-08-02T08:01:37.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per their website &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.genymotion.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Genymotion&lt;/a&gt; is an Android development toolkit and emulator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium and Genymotion will help you with automating functional tests. Selenium is not a Performance/Load Testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Load Testing purpose you should use other tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www8.hp.com/in/en/software-solutions/loadrunner-load-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LoadRunner&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T02:51:53.490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T02:51:53.490" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18423" CreationDate="2016-08-02T08:15:16.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a workaround for dropdown menus that dont have data before interaction you could simply click text after clicking on element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;findYourDropdown.Click&#xA;findSomeText.Click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T08:15:16.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20839" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T09:14:36.463" Score="0" ViewCount="141" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is creating wireframes a part of Software Testing job?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am a newbie in Software Testing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What would be the possible responsibilities of being a Software Tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19626" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T11:36:10.017" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T11:36:10.017" Title="What are responsibilities of being a Software Tester?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;tester&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-08-05T04:58:45.950" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20078" CreationDate="2016-08-02T09:16:48.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This scenario happens in almost all the projects.  There will be 10+ projects running in parallel but with only 2 environments available for testing.  An activity performed by 'Project 1' will affect the testing done by 'Project 4' in the same environment.  It is not always worth to dedicate an entire environment to a single project.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There might be exception cases when a project is very critical and is already running RED, so it makes sense to hold all other projects for a short time and focus all resources on to this one project.  In such scenario, it is not just the environment but even the team members come to support that one project for a brief period.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In all other scenarios, the reasons that you quote for a dedicated environment might very well be applicable for every other project running in parallel.  You could 'Time Slice' the environment and use it along with other projects.  Say, 9AM to 11AM, the whole environment is for your project and all other projects should not cause any interference.  If there is an option for your team to come in shifts or weekends, you could devise a plan around the same too. Even for a dedicated lab case, you could work with other project teams and get their buy in such that this new environment will always be fully dedicated to business critical project.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the company's suggestion on using friendly customer's home, this might be a little too much.  But what if it is the home of someone in the team who is willing to support?  You could use their home for initial testing where you catch most of the defects.  This will also give you time to plan forward and agree upon the environment usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T09:16:48.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20839" CreationDate="2016-08-02T10:57:13.610" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What would be the possible responsibilities of being a Software Tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is covered &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5097/what-are-the-main-role-and-responsibilities-of-a-tester&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I need to know if creating wire frames a part of Software Testing job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That depends on what your employer needs and what you are capable of.  In a tiny company, you might need to write the test cases, draw the wire frames, manage the bug tracking system, fix the copy machine, and maintain the wireless router.  In a big company with lots of specialized positions, you might only do nothing but follow a test script that someone else wrote for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T10:57:13.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20843" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T11:17:00.723" Score="3" ViewCount="242" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are currently moving API testing from the Technical testing team to the development team. The technical testing team has a formal process where they write the test objectives and test cases prior to developing the script in SOAPUI. Therefore, analyzing the specification and supporting requirements document are important for deriving the tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the new world the developers will code/point and click their unit tests and there will be no other QA other than the UAT of the consumption of API, which can happen between a month to three months after the API has been created. The API is not an open API, only for third party suppliers and internal web and app resources. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an argument that additional QA work is not needed if the developers are writing the unit tests, so developers do not need to have an analysis phase or write test cases prior to setting them up in SOAPUI or coding the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We create enterprise level financial websites and applications. The teams is 30+ strong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should developers still perform such analysis and write test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9197" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T15:37:51.110" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T13:54:35.767" Title="Should developers design unit based test cases prior to writing the tests" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20831" CreationDate="2016-08-02T11:44:39.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need first to &lt;strong&gt;Create a Performance Test&lt;/strong&gt; Plan in Jmeter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Test Plan on the tree&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add Thread Group&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click on the &lt;strong&gt;Test Plan and add a new thread group&lt;/strong&gt;: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Threads (Users)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thread Group&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Thread Group control panel&lt;/strong&gt;, enter Thread Properties:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Number of Threads: 100 (Number of users connects to target website: 100)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;[Exactly this step will load 100 users for you Sameer]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loop Count: 10 (Number of time to execute testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ramp-Up Period: 100&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add JMeter elements by right-clicking on the Thread Group and selecting: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Config Element &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the HTTP Request Defaults control panel, enter the Website name under test (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTTP Request by right-click on Thread Group&lt;/strong&gt; and select: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In HTTP Request Control Panel, the &lt;strong&gt;Path field&lt;/strong&gt; indicates which URL request you want to send to Google server&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example&lt;/strong&gt;, if you enter &quot;calendar&quot; in Path field. JMeter will create the URL request &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/calendar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com/calendar&lt;/a&gt;  to Google server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In this test, you keep the Path field blank to make JMeter create the URL request &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.google.com&lt;/a&gt; to Google server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Run Test and get the test result&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press Run button (Ctrl + R) on Toolbar to start the testing process. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is open list &gt; Pls add steps if you observed different than above. It helps everyone here!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T11:44:39.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20843" CreationDate="2016-08-02T11:52:04.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen Unit Testing performed by the developers writing the application code.  I have seen it help drive the design and implementation of the code.  This works well and is a great improvement from 20 years ago when testing, regardless of who was doing it, was largely manual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case I would still look to have the Unit Tests to drive the development code.  This is something a developer should be able to do well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;You have a great practice if you currently write tests ahead of the code.  Preserve that practice.&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just adapt it to the new environment with whatever simple tests can support the code &lt;strong&gt;as it is being written&lt;/strong&gt;  Doesn't have to be ahead as taught in TDDD/BDD, but imho as long as tests are written within a few hours/days and committed together, then is fine.  I think this also represents the real world more than folks like to admit.  It's not the &lt;em&gt;best way&lt;/em&gt; but often the most &lt;em&gt;practical&lt;/em&gt; way given developers experience and expertise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would usually point out that this is too limited as Unit Testing is just one of the 4 Agile Testing Quadrants, however for an API and in your case with facts such as &lt;em&gt;&quot;The API is not an open API, only for third party suppliers and internal web and app resources. &quot;&lt;/em&gt; this doesn't apply as much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also make sure that some of the other areas such as security, performance, load, smoke tests, integrations, etc. will still be covered by this model&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T13:54:35.767" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T13:54:35.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20836" CreationDate="2016-08-02T12:22:39.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do some quick tests with Selenium and some custom coding on reporting the time taken between steps. However this is not performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As suggested use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; if you want an open source Load and performance testing tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19631" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T12:22:39.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T12:49:53.210" Score="1" ViewCount="478" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Visual Studio Coded UI as a test automation tool. Our project manager asked us to install a DevExpress extension to VS2012. I have been searching online but I didn't figure out how DevExpress will help us in our test automation path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19632" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-25T10:32:40.700" LastActivityDate="2020-02-25T10:32:40.700" Title="How beneficial to install DevExpress extension to my Visual studio 12?" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;testcafe&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="20849" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T13:07:00.113" Score="0" ViewCount="1976" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to handle NumberPicker or DatePicker using Appium? I am not able to select value. If you use Xpath its also not working :(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to select date/value from datePicker or NumberPicker?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T13:07:00.113" Title="Android + Appium : How to select date/value from datePicker or NumberPicker?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14821" CreationDate="2016-08-02T13:22:37.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use page objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do not store data/text that may change in methods/scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create an object that handles data so that you are able to read from files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to avoid locale issues you can use some parameter to decide for what locale to read (reading can be done from different files for each locale or from the same file that contains an array with keys for each locale), if you have some data that is used on multiple locales i recommend to use a default case for reading.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the same set of data is used in multiple scenarions need to be changed you should be able to do that from a single place&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;scenarios should be concise and easy to understand&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keep it simple and efficient&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create new steps that are useful for your project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;review what BDD and page objects are and set some guidelines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T13:22:37.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18578" CreationDate="2016-08-02T14:34:36.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A charter sets out what you should be exploring during a test session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a charter could be 'Explore the Settings feature of the website for a logged in user'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test session would then be used to fulfill this charter. Test sessions are usually time-boxed to some extent - for example, 90 minutes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19625" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T14:34:36.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20847" CreationDate="2016-08-02T14:53:27.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are building a DevExpress desktop application with WinForms then you need the extension to be able to interact with the DevExpress components. CodedUI is very limited without it, it creates extra hooks for MS UI Automation framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing a web-application with DevExpress tooling then I do not think you need to install the extensions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see the documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;https://documentation.devexpress.com/#CodedUIExtension/CustomDocument11028&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://documentation.devexpress.com/#CodedUIExtension/CustomDocument11028&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T14:53:27.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20836" CreationDate="2016-08-02T18:28:13.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Genymotion is an Android emulator where you can download multiple Android versions and run your virtual Mobile instance. You can do all the operations like installing App, configuration, connect to the mobile device using adb command line to get a shell and perform supported operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pT2OQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pT2OQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Genymotion Main Window&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lgHM1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lgHM1.png&quot; alt=&quot;Android Interface in Genymotion&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17174" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T18:28:13.810" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20854" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T18:36:04.333" Score="2" ViewCount="526" Body="&lt;p&gt;My name is Prakash amd I'm from mechanical engineering stream. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did a job for about 1 year and 10 months in mechanical field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to change my profile as a testing engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IF I LEARN ONLY MANUAL TESTING can I get any job offers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19640" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T07:03:52.193" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T14:01:23.250" Title="Is only manual testing enough to get a job offer?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-11T10:36:14.840" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20854" CreationDate="2016-08-02T18:52:56.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. as a manual tester with little experience. Depends if any company needs such skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T18:52:56.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20856" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T19:19:03.473" Score="3" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a name for the field that will hold the following values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Progression&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stress&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The field reflects if the defect is a Regression defect or Progression defect and so on.&#xA;In our defect management, we already use 'Type', so would be happy to get any other suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19642" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T01:14:30.770" Title="Field name for Regression or Progression defects" Tags="&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-03T17:03:11.803" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20827" CreationDate="2016-08-02T19:49:31.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 Is there any other way to identify objects other than using&#xA;  firebug/firepath or Inspect Element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By recording a use case with a tool like Selenium IDE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By generating the page objects with a tool like Selenium Page Object Generator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By manually inspecting the HTML returned by the Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2 Is it true that x-path is not a commonly used identifier, but even&#xA;  when it is used, almost always the relative x-path is used (with 2&#xA;  slashes)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An XPath is commonly used in testing when there's a need to match some text or to express relation to an ancestor, descendant, preceding or following element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A relative XPath is less vulnerable to changes compared to an absolute one, which means less effort to maintain the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3 Is it true that x-path and CSS are the only two identifiers that are&#xA;  guaranteed to be unique?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each type of identifier can represent a unique web element and each type of identifier can end up matching more than one element.&#xA;   So this question needs a context to be answered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T19:49:31.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2016-08-02T20:15:43.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are importing from MS Excel with macro into testlink, At the Name column of the excel avoid &quot;&amp;amp;&quot; sign replace &amp;amp; by and try to import.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19643" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T03:26:00.413" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T03:26:00.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20859" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-02T21:25:26.690" Score="2" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate download of m3u8 stream, any command line / browser automation plugins that can be easily plugged into Selenium to do the job?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test scope is open a web page, accept the cookies, initiate video playback, capture video stream. Then compare the captured stream to examine quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried automation using external tools such as ffmpeg but can't seem to be able to get the &lt;code&gt;-headers&lt;/code&gt; flag to work from command line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19644" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T21:25:26.690" Title="Downloading m3u8 videos from Header based CDN" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20854" CreationDate="2016-08-02T22:10:04.473" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;YES&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing is a very important part in software quality assurance industry.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some people may argue it does not require any particular skills, but they are wrong; the reason they say this is most of time, manual testers are role-playing customers / end users, by default, customers/ end users do not need any particular skills to use a piece of software. But this is not true, as a manual tester, you need to apply various techniques to design, plan, execute a test case, you also need to uses your imagination to role-play different customers, you also need to have a good inter-person skills to talk to a developer when you discover a bug, you also need to be very organized to follow up a bug after it is raised. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Many if not all, software companies look for manual testers, plenty of career opportunities out there. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If someone tells you a manual tester can be replaced by an automated tester, they are very wrong. Manual testers will always have their role in software industry. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T22:10:04.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20856" CreationDate="2016-08-02T22:13:09.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect / Bug category&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect / Bug type&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect / Bug discovered by&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of using &quot;type&quot;, I recommend to use a longer and more descriptive term. &quot;Type&quot; itself is too ambiguous. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-08-02T22:27:32.743" LastActivityDate="2016-08-02T22:27:32.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-03T02:43:36.950" Score="1" ViewCount="6094" Body="&lt;p&gt;For selenium with java automation testing, which topic I have to concentrate more to crack an interview. Anyone can suggest me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17671" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T03:43:33.587" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T07:21:01.867" Title="How to prepare for selenium interview?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-05T04:57:35.980" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20863" CreationDate="2016-08-03T03:42:46.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you looking for a crash course? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was to interview a candidate, I would ask the following questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is Selenium?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why do we use Selenium?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have answered the questions above successfully, I would continue to ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the most common problems you have encountered in test case development using Selenium?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the most common methods to locate an element?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there anything that x-path can do but CSS selector can not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give me a few examples on how to locate a web element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might even provide you with a HTML web page, asking you how to locate a certain element using a given method, e.g. x-path, CSS selector&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the most common exceptions you have encountered?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if an element cannot be located no matter how you have tried? What might the reasons be?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tell me about page object model. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T07:21:01.867" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T07:21:01.867" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20831" CreationDate="2016-08-03T04:18:54.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest designing your Test Plan as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt;. Configure it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of Threads: whatever you like&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loop Count: tick &lt;code&gt;Forever&lt;/code&gt; or put &lt;code&gt;-1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733689-Using-CSV-DATA-SET-CONFIG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the Thread Group and configure it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Filename: full path to the file with URLs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Variable names: whatever you like, i.e. &lt;code&gt;${url}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recycle on EOF: &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop thread on EOF: &lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler after the CSV Data Set Config and configure it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name: &lt;code&gt;${url}&lt;/code&gt; - make sampler name the same as URL so you could distinguish them in the reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path: &lt;code&gt;${url}&lt;/code&gt; - the URL from CSV file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Duration_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Duration Assertion&lt;/a&gt; to check data and response time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T04:18:54.900" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20836" CreationDate="2016-08-03T04:29:57.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you talking about load testing like &quot;subset of performance testing&quot; - you are looking at wrong direction as you won't be able to create more or less immense load with Selenium (unless you have few hundreds of computers in your test lab). &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.genymotion.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Genymotion&lt;/a&gt; is just an Android emulator. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to produce the load I would recommend simulating traffic incoming from various mobile devices on HTTP protocol level using a load testing tool. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/category/testing-tools-overview/performance/?menu-page=overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here is the list of free and opensource ones.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest and the most popular seems to be &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;, it comes with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Proxy Server&lt;/a&gt; so you will be able to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-mobile-apps-made-easy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;record mobile device traffic&lt;/a&gt; and replay it with increased amount of users and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Header_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt; which allows mimicking different devices by sending the relevant &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User-Agent headers&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T04:29:57.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20863" CreationDate="2016-08-03T05:57:47.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on candidate if he/she is a fresher or experienced. If you are experienced candidate they should ask what are the frameworks you used till now and etc., Maximum of 5% to 10% of java will be used in selenium. But interviewer will ask more questions on java only. So we need to prepare more on core java basic concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some Java topics that you need to know to crack an interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.OOP’s concept – Class, Objects Polymorphism, Inheritance and Encapsulation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Java Programming essentials- Object Instances, method overloading/overriding concepts and packages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Control Statements – While, do-While, Switch, If statements – This will help us in writing the scripts for multiple scenario statements and decision making scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.Looping statements – This will help us in scenarios like, iterating through a large table to find a record that you want and Running the same test for multiple number of times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.Arrays Concepts – This will help us in having some set of datas of same type in a static way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.Threads and MultiThreading Concepts – This will help us in making run our scripts in different threads that will help us in achieving better performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.Java Collections Framework – ArrayLists and HashMaps – This will help us in maintaining a collection of data’s. Particularly useful for scenarios where you need to compare the data from Web app UI with the DB. [OR] From UI to another UI &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8.File Streams – This will be helpful in externalization of data through CSV, Excel or Java Properties file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.What are the limitations of selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Can we automate captcha? How we will handle? (If your answer is NO/Yes)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Can bar-code be automated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.Can webdriver test mobile applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Click &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-interview-questions-answers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you can find most popularly asked questions in selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="14384" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T06:27:52.367" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T06:27:52.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20854" CreationDate="2016-08-03T06:40:07.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes. You can get a job in software industry. But you can't get more package just with manual testing. If you learn automation as well then you can demand a good package and concentrate on Quality Assurance(QA) which has good future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA: Software Quality Assurance is to provide management with appropriate visibility into the process being used by the software project and of the products being built.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing (QC): You can't explore much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still if you want to enjoy manual testing, try to get job in any design based companies (In my opinion) because in product based companies we have to focus more on functional testing. Whereas, in design companies we need to test for pixel perfection manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T07:05:54.693" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T07:05:54.693" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20872" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-03T08:38:55.673" Score="3" ViewCount="3421" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having four years of work experience as a manual test engineer. I have knowledge of database testing also using SQL Server. I have never gotten any professional IT certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some good IT certifications, that a software test engineer can get?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19653" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T09:20:52.007" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T21:02:26.420" Title="What professional certifications should a software test engineer get?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;certification&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-05T04:58:38.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20872" CreationDate="2016-08-03T08:54:11.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion it is not important to gather certifications because it doesn't always reflect your &quot;real skills&quot;. Because most of the foundation certificates are only a test of your theoretical knowledge of the topic. But of course, if you would like to broaden your horizon, I won't disadvise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing coming to my mind is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB Certification.&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;The ISTQB is a non-profit association that standardized qualifications for testers in different fields (get more information from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/istqb-certification-product-portfolio.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Certification Product Portfolio&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;The ISTQB consists of member boards for several countries. The one for your country could be the first &quot;place to go&quot;.&#xA;Some of the boards offer more than the base certificates listed on the ISTQB product portfolio (e.g. for testing tools).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise I would recommend a web search to find something appropriate for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11948" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T08:54:11.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20872" CreationDate="2016-08-03T08:59:32.957" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;None, personally I have signed &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20170726082417/http://www.professionaltestersmanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the professional tester's manifesto&lt;/a&gt;, because I think tester certifications currently do not make sense. Mainly they are to theoretical and pretty useless in the real world if you ask me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One course that might be interesting is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agile-teaming.org/#desc1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Certified Agile Tester&lt;/a&gt; path. It is one of the only courses that has a practical exam of 2 hours. Here is &lt;a href=&quot;https://rumadak.wordpress.com/2013/08/08/certified-agile-tester-cat-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a review&lt;/a&gt; of the course, but I still haven't found the time and the budget to try it and see if is really worth it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For test automation engineers it could be helpfully to get a programming language certification for example Java or C#. As a tester you are very close to the development team, so having proven development knowledge might a plus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blurb from the professional tester's manifesto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I, as a professional software tester, believe:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That organizations who make money from creating or promoting standards and certifications are biased in their thinking by the&#xA;  potential financial rewards of convincing organizations that only&#xA;  certified testers are professional testers. Those organizations may&#xA;  include those who sell training, consulting or other related services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That testing benefits from diversity and not homogeneity: that testing&#xA;  is not a profession that can be standardized but instead needs to&#xA;  remain an intellectual professional activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;read the &lt;a href=&quot;https://web.archive.org/web/20170726082417/http://www.professionaltestersmanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;full statement here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T21:02:26.420" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T21:02:26.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20710" CreationDate="2016-08-03T09:26:38.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Update 2&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue: the page it is redirecting to isn't static/constant and you don't know exactly what IdP Random Page coz it will be based on server config&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setting up same account (username/password) for all redirect pages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build list of URL (e.g. https: //user:password@&lt;strong&gt;redirectPage1&lt;/strong&gt;/originalURL=yoursite) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a test for each redirectPage&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;redirectPage1 --&gt; verify A&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;redirectPage2 --&gt; verify B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Update 1&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I just see the your reply to @lauda that the redirected site/page is not static.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume there are &lt;strong&gt;3 pages (page1, page2, page3)&lt;/strong&gt; in redirection list, I think you should know the condition to redirect to each page. So you can base on this rule to build a &lt;em&gt;URL1 that always redirect to page1, and so on URL2 for page2, URL3 for page3&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my assume works then &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login Identity Provider site using @lauda comment: &lt;a href=&quot;https://user:password@www.example.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://user:password@www.example.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to your home page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continue your script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Original&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Workaround&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Identity Provider (redirect) site (use redirection link)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then login as @lauda's comment &lt;a href=&quot;https://user:password@www.example.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://user:password@www.example.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to your home page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continue your script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="18358" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T10:48:59.637" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T10:48:59.637" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20872" CreationDate="2016-08-03T11:20:38.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the jobs in your area that meet your skill set require certification, then you need certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they don't, then you don't need certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A little more detail: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certification does &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; demonstrate that you are a good tester, or even a competent tester. It proves that you memorized and (in some cases) understood a defined body of knowledge well enough to pass a test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to apply what that test and body of knowledge contains to the real world can be problematic - there are always compromises you have to make, and often the most important part of testing is your ability to find holes in other people's assumptions (particularly the assumptions made by programmers and business analysts). That isn't something that can certified or examined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T11:20:38.753" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20854" CreationDate="2016-08-03T11:30:49.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutely. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience there are two ways this can work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The company believes testers don't need skills&lt;/strong&gt; - this is, sadly, common. These are the places where the junior testers follow detailed test scripts, often to the level of &quot;click the Submit button&quot; and the senior testers write the scripts. I think of this as the &quot;any warm body&quot; school of testing, and I see it far too often. I'd recommend avoiding these unless you're desperate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The company wants context-driven manual testers&lt;/strong&gt; - By this I mean, the organization is looking for someone who can find problems quickly, document them in a way that's clear and easy to reproduce (assuming that the problem can be easily reproduced). This side of the testing divide is where you want to be - but these kinds of positions are harder to find because a lot of places focus much more on automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T11:30:49.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-03T12:16:31.717" Score="0" ViewCount="6198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I entered one value in text field, using this code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findelement(By.Id(&quot;Text&quot;+Keys.enter));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I used same id to enter second value in same text field &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findelement(By.id(&quot;Text2&quot;+Keys.enter));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is not the correct way to enter second value. Can I get an alternate way to do this? please!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19366" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T02:52:59.820" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T11:03:24.640" Title="unable to enter the value second time in same text field in C# selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15838" CreationDate="2016-08-03T12:41:35.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can approach this in multiple ways but you need to think beyond the &lt;code&gt;conf.js&lt;/code&gt; file. You should look into using a build tool such as gulp, grunt or even npm (if you like shell scripting). All of which allow you to pass an external baseUrl and set the order in which your tests run. Personally I use gulp with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mllrsohn/gulp-protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;gulp-protractor&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/OverZealous/run-sequence&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;runSequence&lt;/a&gt; (for executing tests in parallel).&#xA;An example of how I run gulp protractor is below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;gulp.task('sauce', function(cb) {&#xA;    gulp.src([]).pipe(protractor({&#xA;            configFile: './conf.js',&#xA;            args: [&#xA;                '--baseUrl', '127.0.0.1/baseUrl',&#xA;                '--specs' , 'todo-spec.js',&#xA;                '--maxSessions', '1', &#xA;                '--params.environment', 'sauce',&#xA;                '--params.version', 1&#xA;            ]&#xA;        })).on('error', function(e) { throw e; })&#xA;        .on('end', cb);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run Sequence is pretty straight forward once you read the documentation. In the least object oriented implementation you would copy the above task 5+ times and change the gulp task name, baseUrl and spec. Then make a runSequence task and include each of the tasks in the same line per the runSequence documentation. It would be to your benefit to remove the baseUrl,specs and any parallel execution settings from your conf.js file such as sharding, maxSessions etc. If you have multiple browsers/devices set up it will run them sequentially. Meaning once the todo-spec.js is done running in Chrome it will run in Firefox. If you have any questions please let me know in a comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14937" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T12:41:35.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20880" CreationDate="2016-08-03T13:35:22.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, time for some Selenium basics. I will try and be thorough so others can use this as time goes by.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When learning Selenium and Development it is important to understand what a method is doing. It's important to understand what you're code is doing. Let's assume you have you're WebDriver up and running and that you are in a place to actually call methods on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IWebDriver&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;GoToUrl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This method navigates the browser to a URL. Pretty simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;FindElement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This method finds a single element on the current page. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is more than one matching element it will return the first element. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Returns an instance of IWebElement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If no elements are found, throws an exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement searchField = driver.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;FindElements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Much like FindElement but returns multiple IWebElement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Returns as an &lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does not throw an exception if no matching Elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; elements = driver.FindElements(By.Name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows a user to search for elements&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.ClassName&lt;/code&gt; finds the element by it's class&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.CssSelector&lt;/code&gt; uses a CSS selector to find it. I typically use this method when ID is not available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.LinkText&lt;/code&gt; uses the text of a Link&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.Name&lt;/code&gt; uses the Name of the element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.PartialLinkText&lt;/code&gt; uses a partial match of a link text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.TagName&lt;/code&gt; uses a match based on the HTML tag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.XPath&lt;/code&gt; uses an XPath matcher&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IWebElement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;SendKeys&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sends keys into the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;searchField.SendKeys(&quot;Selenium Tutorial&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clear&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clears out the text in the field&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;searchField.Clear();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clicks on the element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;searchField.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to compile together to do something:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;IWebElement searchField = driver.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;searchField.SendKeys(&quot;Testing&quot;);&#xA;searchField.Clear();&#xA;searchField.SendKeys(&quot;Selenium Tutorial&quot;);&#xA;searchField.Submit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-08-03T13:53:48.787" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T13:53:48.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20854" CreationDate="2016-08-03T14:01:23.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The entry requirements for manual testing are very low. Just having experience as an end-user is enough.&#xA;Being able to design test cases helps a lot, but It's even possible to work as a manual tester just by executing test scripts written by a senior tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19525" LastActivityDate="2016-08-03T14:01:23.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20880" CreationDate="2016-08-03T15:42:27.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findelement(By.Id(&quot;Text&quot;+Keys.enter));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This piece of code is finding the element on the page with an ID of &lt;code&gt;&quot;text&quot; + Keys.enter&lt;/code&gt;  (whatever &lt;code&gt;Keys.enter&lt;/code&gt; translates to in the compiler).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This line of code &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Does Not enter text into the text attribute of the element&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/10559366/1214743&quot;&gt;You need to first Find the element, then send the value to the element&lt;/a&gt;, something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ElementID&quot;));&#xA;element.SendKeys(&quot;text&quot; + Keys.enter);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can do it all in one line without assigning the element to a variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ElementID&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;text&quot; + Keys.enter);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do it like this the first time.  If you want to replace what is in the textbox then you need to do something different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I want to replace the text I could figure out how to delete what I know is in there, but that could turn ugly, so instead I make use of the Driver's &lt;code&gt;ExecuteScript&lt;/code&gt; method like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ElementID&quot;));&#xA;var text = &quot;text you want in your element's value attribute&quot;;&#xA;driver.ExecuteScript(&quot;arguments[0].setAttribute('value', arguments[1])&quot;, element, text);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;FindElement&lt;/code&gt; method just returns an &lt;code&gt;IWebElement&lt;/code&gt; based on the search parameters that you give it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think that you want to find the element with the ID of &lt;code&gt;&quot;text&quot; + Keys.enter&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Keys.enter&lt;/code&gt; returns a key code for the enter key, not a function or an action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not grabbing the same element. you are giving each command a different ID so they are looking for two different elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the first line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findelement(By.Id(&quot;Text&quot;+Keys.enter));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;has a different ID than the second line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findelement(By.id(&quot;Text2&quot;+Keys.enter));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so when you put these into a variable they are actually two different elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var firstElement = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;id1&quot;));&#xA;var secondElement = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;id2&quot;));&#xA;var areElementsTheSame = firstElement == secondElement;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;areElementsTheSame&lt;/code&gt; is false.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you haven't put anything into any text field on the page when you run either line of code that you have posted, that is a different operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T11:03:24.640" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20771" CreationDate="2016-08-03T16:04:10.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Nuget to install Selenium into my Visual Studio project, and with this I would just install &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium.WebDriver.IEDriver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium.Mozilla.Firefox.Webdriver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.  I haven't used the FireFox driver, yet, but I would assume that this should work similar to the IEDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Specflow to assist me in my testing but I don't think it should matter much.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I add to my using statements the following line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The class that I create needs to implement the IDisposable interface so that I can create a disposal method and dispose of the driver itself or close the browser that is opened in the first step of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first step (method) I create my new Driver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var ie = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will open the browser window.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you run your tests or whatever&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then when everything is done it will call your new dispose method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void Dispose()&#xA;{&#xA;    ie.Close();&#xA;    ie.Dispose();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T12:34:04.510" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T12:34:04.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20889" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-03T19:38:30.220" Score="1" ViewCount="1133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a testing jmeter script that runs a single request for a REST service I had run &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ant run &#xA;generate-report&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the report is successfully generated but it seems quite no descriptive&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u0ezu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/u0ezu.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need the html to contain the json response payload.&#xA;I am using this build.xml file &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;    TestAutomationGuru - Continuous Performance Testing Process&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!-- Read the test properties from build.propertis --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property file=&quot;build.properties&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- System &amp;amp; other ant properties --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property environment=&quot;env&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;jmeter.home&quot; value=&quot;${env.JMETER_HOME}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;test.path&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/test&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;test.name&quot; value=&quot;test.jmx&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;test.result.path&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/result&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;test.result.log&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/log&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;lib.dir&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/lib&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- set classpath with the path containing jars --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;path id=&quot;jmeter.classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${lib.dir}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include name=&quot;*.jar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;pathconvert pathsep=&quot;:&quot;  property=&quot;jmeter.classpath&quot; refid=&quot;jmeter.classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/pathconvert&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- call all tasks in this sequence --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;all&quot;&#xA;        depends=&quot;clean,show-test-properties,run,generate-report,generate-chart&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- clean project by removing all the temp files --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;clean&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${test.result.path}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${test.result.log}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- show test properties --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;show-test-properties&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt;JMETER_HOME               : ${jmeter.home}&amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt;TEST_PATH             : ${test.path}&amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt;TEST_NAME             : ${test.name}&amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt;THREADGROUP_COUNT         : ${threadgroup.count}&amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt;THREADGROUP_RAMPUP            : ${threadgroup.rampup}&amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt;THREADGROUP_DURATION      : ${threadgroup.duration}&amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;   &#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- jmeter ant task --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;taskdef&#xA;    name=&quot;jmeter&quot;&#xA;    classpathref=&quot;jmeter.classpath&quot;&#xA;    classname=&quot;org.programmerplanet.ant.taskdefs.jmeter.JMeterTask&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- To run jmeter test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;run&quot; depends=&quot;clean, show-test-properties&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- create dir --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;mkdir  dir=&quot;${test.result.path}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;mkdir  dir=&quot;${test.result.log}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;jmeter&#xA;        jmeterhome=&quot;${jmeter.home}&quot;&#xA;        testplan =&quot;${test.path}/${test.name}&quot;&#xA;        resultlog=&quot;${test.result.path}/result.jtl&quot;&#xA;        jmeterlogfile=&quot;${test.result.log}/jmeter.log&quot;&#xA;        &amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;jvmarg value=&quot;-Xmx5120m&quot;/&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- modify as you wish --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- Force suitable defaults --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property name=&quot;jmeter.save.saveservice.output_format&quot; value=&quot;xml&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property name=&quot;jmeter.save.saveservice.assertion_results&quot; value=&quot;all&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property name=&quot;jmeter.save.saveservice.thread_counts&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property name=&quot;jmeter.save.saveservice.bytes&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property name=&quot;jmeter.save.saveservice.response_data.on_error&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- values for UDV --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property name=&quot;threadgroup.count&quot; value=&quot;${threadgroup.count}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property name=&quot;threadgroup.rampup&quot; value=&quot;${threadgroup.rampup}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property name=&quot;threadgroup.duration&quot; value=&quot;${threadgroup.duration}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/jmeter&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;generate-report&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tstamp&amp;gt;&amp;lt;format property=&quot;report.datestamp&quot; pattern=&quot;yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm&quot;/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tstamp&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;copy file=&quot;${basedir}/src/expand.png&quot; tofile=&quot;${test.result.path}/expand.png&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;copy file=&quot;${basedir}/src/collapse.png&quot; tofile=&quot;${test.result.path}/collapse.png&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;xslt&#xA;        classpathref=&quot;jmeter.classpath&quot;&#xA;        force=&quot;true&quot;&#xA;        in=&quot;${test.result.path}/result.jtl&quot;&#xA;        out=&quot;${test.result.path}/result.html&quot;&#xA;        style=&quot;${basedir}/src/jmeter-results-detail-report_21.xsl&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;param name=&quot;showData&quot; expression=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;param name=&quot;titleReport&quot; expression=&quot;CPT--Aggregate-Report&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;param name=&quot;dateReport&quot; expression=&quot;${report.datestamp}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/xslt&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt;Report generated at ${report.datestamp}&amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;   &#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;taskdef uri=&quot;antlib:net.sf.antcontrib&quot; resource=&quot;net/sf/antcontrib/antlib.xml&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classpath&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pathelement location=&quot;${lib.dir}/ant-contrib-1.0b3.jar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classpath&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/taskdef&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;generate-chart&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- copy this jar to the JMETER_HOME/lib/ext folder --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;copy file=&quot;${lib.dir}/CMDRunner.jar&quot; tofile=&quot;${jmeter.home}/lib/ext/CMDRunner.jar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;ac:for param=&quot;reportType&quot; list=&quot;LatenciesOverTime,TimesVsThreads,ResponseTimesOverTime,ThreadsStateOverTime,TransactionsPerSecond,ResponseTimesPercentiles,ResponseTimesDistribution&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;sequential&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;java  jar=&quot;${jmeter.home}/lib/ext/CMDRunner.jar&quot; fork=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;--tool&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;Reporter&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;--generate-png&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;${test.result.path}/@{reportType}.png&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;--input-jtl&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;${test.result.path}/result.jtl&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;--plugin-type&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;@{reportType}&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;--aggregate-rows&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;yes&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;--limit-rows&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;20&quot;/&amp;gt;                         &#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;--width&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;800&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;--height&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                          &amp;lt;arg value=&quot;600&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/java&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;/sequential&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/ac:for&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here you can get build.xml file&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/Ticlla/fbd60a527105d4eb9e07f98b83ae5705&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://gist.github.com/Ticlla/fbd60a527105d4eb9e07f98b83ae5705&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10525" LastEditorUserId="10525" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T13:58:05.653" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T09:57:32.330" Title="Generate personalised Report with Ant for jmeter script" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="20890" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-03T20:58:01.147" Score="2" ViewCount="5174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to automation and come from development(mostly). I've done some unit testing before but that's all the testing I've ever done. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've read other questions ( such as Mocking IVR system) but ... I'm not sure that they were dealing 100% the same thing as I am.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My system requires me to dial a number. I have dealt with VoiceXML before so I'm guessing I can simulate a human caller to do that or use DMTF .wav files. Though, I was wondering if it's possible to (1) script the dial of a number through a certain program ( let's say skype or google voice) and (2) automate the response to the IVR so I can test the call flow or certain test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19666" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T15:38:01.603" Title="Automating test for IVR system" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20819" CreationDate="2016-08-04T01:34:50.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't know that the tests ran without error because you are not looking at the response. Add the Listener &quot;view results tree&quot;. That will allow you to see the requests and responses. It can be helpful to change the dropdown to &quot;HTML&quot; to see the actual page in the response. Be sure to remove/disable the results tree if you start running sustained tests though (the log can get very large).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Logging in with different accounts can be a problem. You can clear cookies before each run in the HTTP Cookie Manager in order to force a log in screen. That will allow you to ensure you are on the right page before attempting to log in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T01:34:50.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21892" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-04T04:22:18.147" Score="-3" ViewCount="1339" Body="&lt;p&gt;Right now, i am working as a manual tester and need to start an automation tool to test the web application based on dot net (MVC). Please suggest an automation tool and what environment required to start automation with the help of suggested tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20671" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T10:21:26.790" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T13:11:44.117" Title=".net : which automation framework is suitable for MVC model for web automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2016-08-04T14:20:04.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21892" CreationDate="2016-08-04T05:15:14.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use selenium, its an open source for web application automation, supports java,c# and many other languages. It works on windows and linux environment, You can use editors such as eclipse or IntelliJ of respective environment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19646" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T05:15:14.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21894" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-04T05:21:52.293" Score="0" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is probably not a typical SO question. But, I need to post this here because google searches have not given me the answer I was looking for. Hopefully, the experienced developers here can give some quick suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please suggest a easy &amp;amp; intuitive, java based, page object testing framework which is similar to the Taza framework in ruby ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taza :&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/scudco/taza/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/scudco/taza/wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;SYNOPSIS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Taza is meant to be a refreshing way to look at browser testing. Taza provides a few ways to abstract browser-based testing into three simple ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Sites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Flows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Sites have Pages.&#xA;  Pages have Elements and Filters.&#xA;  Flows are common actions on a site such as logging in or performing a search.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T18:37:42.403" Title="Is there any Java based page object framework similar to Taza?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20710" CreationDate="2016-08-04T05:34:23.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are 2 issues :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Robot class is taking real screen parameter and worked on that. In headless browser there is no alert is available so it would stuck when robot try to access that alert or pop up window. Also your implicit wait is more so you feels it is stuck. But wait until your implicit wait completed. After that it will throws error.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Headless browser Selenium can not able take screenshot of what your are accessing. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium-google-code-issue-archive/issues/1361&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually any different kind of code will not helps you. Because any API require displayed component or screen for screenshots. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;I would suggest that Try to run with real browser. Headless is better when there are not pop up windows and Ajax type calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T05:34:23.663" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21892" CreationDate="2016-08-04T06:07:30.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are looking for Web automation, you have many options to choose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium [Most famous one]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capybara&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WATIR&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestStack.White&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sahi&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex Studio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QF-Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pick which suits your requirements closely and start automating !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adding after you mentioned objectives:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium:&lt;/strong&gt; I will recommend to go with when not having special and outstanding requirement to automate like mainly which close to limitations of selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Awesome community support:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;- There are many tools at disposal for users of Selenium. &#xA;- Your tests can be run as well as recorded with the help of Firefox plugins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Very easy for Newbie:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;- Saving the best for last, this is a major reason that many testers choose this tool. &#xA;- It is extremely easy for working on and simple and easy to install.&#xA;- Many things can be done in a straightforward manner, including integration with other frameworks or languages. &#xA;- Editing existing commands, deleting or inserting commands can be done very easily as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Select any language you love:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is a huge advantage since you can reap multiple benefits from several sources. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can choose the language in which you are most comfortable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Open source:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;- Adopting this open source tool means that the overall cost of testing will be quite low. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Supports several test frameworks:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;- The tool is often known as a kind of GUI driving library, apart from being a simple testing tool. &#xA;- Several frameworks are supported by it such as TestNG, JUnit, PHPUnit, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. Single script, multiple browsers:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;- A huge benefit with this testing is that you need one time scripting and then that script can be used on several browsers. &#xA;- While the features as well as benefits may not be same but you can save a huge amount of trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7. AJAX support:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;- AJAX technologies are strongly supported by Selenium. &#xA;- While working on a browser the application under tests and the test case are driven by technologies that function side by side. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;8.Remote Control/Selenium Grid:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The remote control server of Selenium allows automation testers to create a test infrastructure that is spread across multiple locations (including cloud) to drive the scripts on a large set of browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;9. Continuous Integration:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;- Selenium can be integrated with Jenkins or Hudson for continuous integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;10. Mobile extension too available:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;- Appium is extension of selenium which can be for mobile automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please add your point in above list !!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T13:11:44.117" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T13:11:44.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21892" CreationDate="2016-08-04T06:08:18.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are number of tools are available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferably &lt;strong&gt;Selenium&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;NUnit&lt;/strong&gt; or WatiN.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium is pure open source, freeware and portable tool. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium supports variety of languages that include Java, Perl, Python, C#, Ruby, Groovy, Java Script, and VB Script. etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T06:08:18.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20807" CreationDate="2016-08-04T06:09:44.260" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically just about every live Open Source project welcomes everybody as a tester - the best ones to go for are those that you know something about the target use of the project. If you are a &lt;em&gt;potential or actual&lt;/em&gt; member of their target audience your feedback will be much more to the point than if you are not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List your interests to yourself in order of your level of interest/knowlege, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search online for Open Source packages that are relevant to your top few interests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find one, or more, that you like the look of&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each take a look at the trackers &amp;amp; newsgroups to get a feel for how welcoming of and responsive to feedback the developers are &lt;em&gt;it does differ between projects&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read the &lt;strong&gt;FAQ&lt;/strong&gt; and any other documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download both the current release for your platform(s).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start testing it for yourself&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Join the mailing list(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you find a &lt;em&gt;potential&lt;/em&gt; issue check the tracker to see if it is already reported, &lt;em&gt;if it is do you have some supplementary information to add?&lt;/em&gt;, if it is not then raise a ticket.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try not to &quot;flood the system&quot; one well written ticket on a serious point will be much more welcome than twenty trivial ones - also it is better to raise a ticket &quot;Typos in Help&quot; with a list of such rather than one for each.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ideally also clone or fork the source code repository &amp;amp; build/test the &quot;bleeding edge&quot; code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Patches are almost always welcome - even if they are to the documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;vast majority&lt;/strong&gt; of Open Source projects welcome constructive feedback, bug reports &lt;em&gt;please write them&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;politely&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; with sufficient detail to be able to reproduce the problem, enhancement suggestions &amp;amp; tests on platforms that the developers may not have access to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you should get a poor response &lt;strong&gt;from the developers&lt;/strong&gt; first consider the tone, language and detail of your ticket - did you sound demanding, unappreciative, etc., if you are reasonably sure that you have been polite, given enough detail, realistic in your expectations, etc. and you are still getting a poor response and feel that your efforts are not appreciated, &lt;em&gt;this is rare in my experience&lt;/em&gt;, then maybe that isn't the project for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above all never forget that the majority of Open Source Developers are also volunteers, usually unpaid, and have jobs &amp;amp; family as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T06:09:44.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21900" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-04T06:45:44.833" Score="1" ViewCount="912" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to run the test scripts in multiple browsers. Ideally Chrome, FFox, IE11, Opera and Safari.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would be ideal to be able to run that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my stack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IntelliJ + JUnit + Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas, information, insights, links to third party tutorials, etc... is much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18365" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T07:05:40.593" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T07:13:10.143" Title="How to execute selenium webdriver test cases parallely in multiple browser using IntelliJ + JUnit + Java" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21901" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-04T07:11:36.097" Score="0" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have Android 5.0.4, so which &lt;strong&gt;Android SDK&lt;/strong&gt; package do I need to Install?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MQG7p.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MQG7p.png&quot; alt=&quot;Android SDK&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two Options available in Android SDK Manager&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ANDROID 5.1.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ANDROID 5.0.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Device : 5.0.4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:41:34.807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T10:41:34.807" Title="Will android 5.0.1 sdk package work for android 5.0.4?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-09-01T20:49:36.963" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21900" CreationDate="2016-08-04T07:13:10.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll suggest to use the latest version of the &lt;code&gt;maven-surefire-plugin&lt;/code&gt;. This is the config I am using which works fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.18.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parallel&amp;gt;all&amp;lt;/parallel&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;threadCount&amp;gt;10&amp;lt;/threadCount&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heads Up :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not use non final static variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you really need them you could wrap them in a InheritableThreadLocal instance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T07:13:10.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-04T07:40:41.620" Score="2" ViewCount="378" Body="&lt;p&gt;I execute javascript below and it must return True or False and it would do the Run Keyword If the statement is False but what in ${CheckboxStatus} is None, instead of Boolean value True or False. Kindly enlighten me on this.&#xA;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Verify Operator Checkbox&#xA;${CheckboxStatus}=      Execute Javascript  $('#operators').is(':checked')&#xA;Run Keyword If      '${CheckboxStatus}' == 'false'      Check Operator&#xA;&#xA;Check Operator&#xA;Execute Javascript      $('#operators').click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20672" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-04T11:20:31.867" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T11:38:22.967" Title="Expecting results in boolean[True/False] but getting status as &quot;None&quot; - Why? How to resolve?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21904" CreationDate="2016-08-04T11:38:22.967" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The variable &lt;code&gt;${CheckboxStatus}&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;None&lt;/code&gt; because the script provided to &lt;code&gt;Execute Javascript&lt;/code&gt; doesn't return anything. To fix it, add the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Verify Operator Checkbox&#xA;${CheckboxStatus}=      Execute Javascript  return $('#operators').is(':checked')&#xA;Run Keyword If      '${CheckboxStatus}' == 'false'      Check Operator&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T11:38:22.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20890" CreationDate="2016-08-04T12:26:53.773" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are automation tools that can mimic human efforts to dial a toll free number of a business (Banks, Cellular phones, DMV offices etc) and can use DTMF or .wav files. Most of the businesses that deal with lot of customers are using automation tool to dial and test their applications in the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20679" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T12:26:53.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17076" CreationDate="2016-08-04T13:25:54.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It could be an issue with your page object and use of &quot;at&quot; in the steps file.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Lets say your &lt;strong&gt;Page object&lt;/strong&gt; is &lt;code&gt;HomePage&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have a step that begins with &quot;at&quot; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;Given (~/I go to the HomePage/) -&amp;gt;&#xA;    at HomePage&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&#xA;Do you have the following in your HomePage page object ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static at = { $('title').text() == &quot;Title of Page&quot; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use &quot;at&quot; in your step but don't have is defined in the page object, you'll get that error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20680" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T05:01:37.417" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T05:01:37.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20710" CreationDate="2016-08-04T15:43:13.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Solution 1:- &lt;strong&gt;Go with the straight forward process as do manually:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that we need to maintain proper flow while working with main window and pop-up. Refer below snippet, Consider main window = paren &amp;amp; pop-up window = child&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles =driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = handles.iterator();&#xA;&#xA;String parent = it.next();&#xA;String child = it.next();&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(child);&#xA;//perform actions on child window&#xA;&#xA;driver.close(); // only for child wondow&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;//perform actions on parent window&#xA;&#xA;driver.quit(); // After execution of main thread and for parent window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Solution 2:- &lt;strong&gt;Work around to handle pop-up -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are really looking to have some way to implement, You can use &quot;&lt;em&gt;Java AWT Robot class&lt;/em&gt;&quot; to handle the scenario. using this class you can perform mouse actions on basis of screen coordinates or you can use AutoIT to automate this process for handling windows popup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update us if you have queries or issue resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T15:43:13.573" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20020" CreationDate="2016-08-04T18:19:15.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;//div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/ul/li&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That XPath looks like it might be prone to breaking. It's strongly dependent on other elements up the tree so any peripheral changes that affect any of those other elements being referenced will change the absolute location of the specific warning label you want. I would first suggest using CSS selector instead of an XPath if you're able. But if not, I would look into XPath functions with the goal of trying to target the specific element you want, while touching as few others along the way as possible. You want to strike a balance between it being both concise and reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using your original snippet which you said worked as you expected:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;.col-md-12&quot;)).FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;li&quot;)).Text;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution is definitely on the right track, although it is probably not necessary to chain two different locators.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a CSS selector, this can become &lt;code&gt;.col-md-12 li&lt;/code&gt;.  What this says is that we want to target a &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt; element that is some child node of an element with the class attribute &lt;code&gt;col-md-12&lt;/code&gt;, which is achieved by the space in between the two elements being referenced.  Which would look like &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;.col-md-12 li&quot;).Text;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an XPath, this can become &lt;code&gt;//div[contains(@class, 'col-md-12')]//li&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt; means that the element that comes after it can exist anywhere that is a child of the element that was declared before it.  Having &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt; at the beginning says that it can start looking anywhere in the DOM.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using your FindsBy solution it could look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;.col-md-12 li&quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement warnLabel { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.Xpath, Using = &quot;//div[contains(@class, 'col-md-12')]//li&quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement warnLabel { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-08-04T18:19:15.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21912" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21913" CreationDate="2016-08-05T04:23:59.923" Score="2" ViewCount="1492" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 7 requests and 100 thread users in 1 Master and 3 Slave systems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know how load gets handled in slave systems? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is  response timeout in JMeter? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T05:40:09.027" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T09:59:40.197" Title="How load gets divide/handled in distributed jmeter testing?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21912" CreationDate="2016-08-05T05:38:42.620" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per what I'm understanding is that you have set up below mentioned architecture for JMeter distributed testing,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 Master: Controlling 3 Slaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have set up number of threads to 100 in the Thread Group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your Thread Group you have 7 HTTP Requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now if you run your test with Remote Start All option, the Master system will tell all the 3 Salve system to execute the srcipt that will make 7 HTTP Requests each for 100 users. The Mster system in return will collect the results of all the three slaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now in this scenario you are generating a load of 300 users simultaneously for each of your 7 HTTP Requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now for the response timeout in Jmeter:&lt;/strong&gt; Default timeout is 30 seconds I guess. Although you have configure your own timeout limit. There are 2 ways to configure custom response timeouts, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can configure it in the Timeouts section in HTTP Request Sampler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r6Hvb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r6Hvb.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also configure it in the Timeouts section in HTTP Request Defaults config element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DcF0n.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DcF0n.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T05:38:42.620" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20319" CreationDate="2016-08-05T06:04:49.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NoClassDefFoundError&lt;/strong&gt; will come if a class was present during compile time but not available in java classpath during runtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue might have came because of path mismatching. Download the chrome driver in appropriate place and and give small path and try once.Example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &quot;E:\\Library\\chromedriver.exe&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can call the browser driver in two ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Set up Environment Variable: By giving path in environment set-up we can access the the anything in in windows.So add the chrome driver path here. Then you can access the chrome like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();//same as firefox driver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty&lt;/code&gt;: By using this we are giving driver path in script itself. Download chromedriver.exe and put this in appropriate driver. We put in E:/ drive for our example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;public class ChromeDriver1 {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;    } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:10:34.420" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:10:34.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17988" CreationDate="2016-08-05T06:16:08.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have face this issue. Its really weird when all automation scripts and code written as per standards but ultimately it get failed. Below solution works for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step 1.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement listbox_webelement = drive.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;write_your_xpath_of_element&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;listbox_webelement.click() [ Expected to list get visible ]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step3.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(listbox_webelement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step4.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select.sendKeys(&quot;Text_From_Your_Listbox&quot;);&#xA;              OR&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step4.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;listbox_webelement.sendKeys(&quot;Text_From_Your_Listbox&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T06:16:08.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-05T07:51:07.660" Score="0" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to delegate defects to developers by tester in ALM tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20693" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T08:39:48.267" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T08:39:48.267" Title="How to delegate defects to developers by tester in ALM tool?" Tags="&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-08T10:09:01.210" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21916" CreationDate="2016-08-05T08:38:59.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testers should never delegate or assign defects to developers. The tester have a signaling function, you signal that something is out of order. Now someone else should decide what to-do with this signal, for example the owner of the product could prioritize based on risks and feature importance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testers in a dev-team&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;When testers are working in a team then I would expect the tester to just communicate that he/she found defects. Only place them in a ALM tool if you are going to postpone the defect fixing. I suggest a &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/quality-functions/the-zero-bug-policy-b0bd987be684#.q3jma7gu4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;zero defect policy&lt;/a&gt; for teams and pick up found issues as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testers outside a dev-team&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Testers record defects in a ALM tool, with step-by-step reproduction path. Then project owners/managers should monitor incoming defects and prioritize them accordingly. Then assign them to a team (or to a individual developer, but developers should always work in teams if you ask me). The team should schedule fixing the defect depending on the priority. Again I suggest to use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/quality-functions/the-zero-bug-policy-b0bd987be684#.q3jma7gu4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;zero defect policy&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T08:38:59.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11604" CreationDate="2016-08-05T09:36:34.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was getting same error but I resolved it with the below piece of code,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='BirthMonth']/div&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;June&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(30000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='BirthMonth']/div&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;July&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(30000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='BirthMonth']/div&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;August&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(30000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally I am able to get &quot;August&quot; month automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20694" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-05T10:01:14.103" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T10:01:14.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12524" CreationDate="2016-08-05T11:07:01.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several beta testing providers. You can choose the one which fits your needs. If you want high quality testing with reliable results, one good resource &lt;a href=&quot;http://qualitrix.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://qualitrix.com/&lt;/a&gt; . Another good option is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.passbrains.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.passbrains.com/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19510" LastEditorUserId="19510" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T06:13:39.817" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T06:13:39.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21921" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-05T11:34:18.327" Score="1" ViewCount="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Java application(developed using frameworks spring and hibernate) and a JUnit test case for testing the email function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I get sessionfactory value when I call a method in Java class from JUnit??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18274" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-06T07:40:37.373" LastActivityDate="2016-08-06T07:40:37.373" Title="Is it possible for junit and java application to share same sessionFactory?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-08T05:43:57.507" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21925" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21935" CreationDate="2016-08-05T15:11:06.277" Score="1" ViewCount="1940" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently migrate from Junit to TestNg. Currently, I try to understand how to rerun the failed test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According, I've just to run my test suite then recall TestNG with the testng-failed file. Easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, here my experience. I ask to TestNG to run only one class, with 5 tests where one is KO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now see my testng-failed.xml files&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite thread-count=&quot;3&quot; verbose=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;Failed suite [Surefire suite]&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Surefire test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.corp.qa.spec.TestLogin&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Surefire test --&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Surefire test(failed)&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.corp.qa.spec.TestLogin&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;methods&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;include name=&quot;openLoginPage&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;include name=&quot;die&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;include name=&quot;loginAsManager&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/methods&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- com.corp.qa.spec.TestLogin --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Surefire test(failed) --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Failed suite [Surefire suite] --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestNG create a test suite where the whole class will be run, then the @BeforeMethod (openLoginPage), the @AfterMethod (die), and finally the failing method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I missed something? I expected to only see &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.corp.qa.spec.TestLogin&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;methods&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;include name=&quot;loginAsManager&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/methods&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- com.corp.qa.spec.TestLogin --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: After updating TestNG to 6.9.12, failed tests file is correcly set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite thread-count=&quot;1&quot; verbose=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;Failed suite [Surefire suite]&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Surefire test(failed)&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.corp.qa.spec.TestLogin&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;methods&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;include name=&quot;die&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;include name=&quot;openLoginPage&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;include name=&quot;loginAsManager&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/methods&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- com.corp.qa.spec.TestLogin --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Surefire test(failed) --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Failed suite [Surefire suite] --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11647" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T10:16:18.197" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T10:16:18.197" Title="Rerun failed tests with TestNG" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21928" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-05T16:13:12.817" Score="1" ViewCount="167" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have many scenarios to create request file that are sent to another application. This application processes the requests and sends back the responses. These responses should be validated against the request requests. There are  more than 20 fields in one file. I am thinking of testing this using java, Jbehave and Junit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is how to maintain expected data which is used to validate. I thought to put them in Jbehave Example table, But it will become more complex. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which method may I adopt to keep my test data clean and simple?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20696" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T05:47:33.287" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T05:47:33.287" Title="How can I maintain test data in response[expected] against request[input] using java? How will it be if I use JBehave?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21928" CreationDate="2016-08-05T18:51:25.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you please consider using external dataProvider? E.g. use an Excel sheet as the source of expected data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can be formatted as this in the spread sheet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username | password | 1stRequest | 1stResponse | 2ndRequest | 2ndResponse&#xA;Harsha   | admin    | hi there   | yes?        | say you    | sure&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your script can read strings from the spread sheet and compare them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply add, remove or format as you go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-05T18:51:25.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21912" CreationDate="2016-08-06T05:11:15.927" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All JMeter slaves are basically executing the script from master machine. So if you have 100 threads in Thread Group each slave will kick off 100 threads hence total load will be 300 threads. Master machine does not generate any load (unless you launch a slave at the same host)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By default all JMeter timeouts to wit: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect Timeout (until connection is established&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Socket Timeout (waiting for data or between 2 data packets)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are set to zero. It means that JMeter will try to establish connection or wait for response forever. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;Connect&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Response&lt;/code&gt; timeouts setting of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request sampler&lt;/a&gt; in order to control the timeout values. You can also apply the desired timeout values to all HTTP Request samplers in one shot using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/http-request-defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lvOtA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lvOtA.png&quot; alt=&quot;HTTP Request Defaults - Timeouts&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response threshold can be set via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Duration_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Duration Assertion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-06T05:11:15.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17386" CreationDate="2016-08-07T09:55:36.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a big advocate of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/quality-functions/the-zero-bug-policy-b0bd987be684#.qowehv6nv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;zero defect policy&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and how it classifies defects. Its so much easier to fix defects just after they have been introduced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile teams should learn as soon as possible from their feedback. Defects are also feedback, use it to-do a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analyse&lt;/a&gt; after fixing any defect. This helps to figure out how to prevent something similar happening in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o1GYX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o1GYX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have added a fifth classification &quot;Closed&quot; for defects that should never get priority, because they are to trivial. Make sure you communicate clearly and fair to your reporters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-08-07T09:55:36.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20634" CreationDate="2016-08-08T08:31:12.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do you care ?&#xA;If it's for a test then see the answers above, otherwise you'll have to adjust your definitions to the place and and context your are using them in. I saw definitions changing drastically not only between companies but also between teams and managers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T08:31:12.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21925" CreationDate="2016-08-08T08:51:53.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can run only failed test cases explicitly without any code&lt;/strong&gt;. This can be easily done by &lt;em&gt;running one simple testng-failed.xml&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your test cases are failing then once all test suite completed then you have to refresh your project . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Right click on project&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Click on refresh&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select project and press f5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;strong&gt;test-output folder&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;at last, &lt;strong&gt;you will get testng-failed.xml&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now simply &lt;strong&gt;run testng-failed.xml&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Updated after knowing version used is 6.9.10&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version you are using is having open issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Due to that issue testng-failed.xml itself is not generated properly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work around -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you try 6.9.11-SNAPSHOT? Its working for me&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can force your TestNG eclipse plugin to start using the TestNG jar available in your CLASSPATH by doing the following :&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project &gt; Properties &gt; TestNG &gt; Use project testng jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uncheck that option &amp;amp; run the tests with 6.9.11-SNAPSHOT in my pom.xml&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please crosscheck once. Hope it helps you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T15:35:23.957" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T15:35:23.957" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21936" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-08T09:10:00.750" Score="-5" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to change from a developer to tester. I am getting 8LPA. If I change Will I get a higer pay than this ? I have 5 yrs of experience .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19648" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T09:46:35.637" Title="I want to change from a developer to tester. I am getting 8LPA. If I change Will I get a higer pay than this?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-08T14:25:49.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21936" CreationDate="2016-08-08T09:46:35.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is that better to move in SDET [Software Developer Engineer in Test]. Because you have good development experience try learn manual testing and automation testing with any tool (Selenium, Appium etc.). By this skill set you can expect more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;By the way this is not the right forum to ask these type question&quot;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T09:46:35.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21938" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21939" CreationDate="2016-08-08T09:58:07.050" Score="5" ViewCount="1273" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing the payment gateway of my e-commerce website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our developers are using PayPal Payflow API’s, i.e., the card processing (gathering/saving the card details) will be happening in our website frontend. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when the user clicks ‘Submit Order’, our page will validate using the PayPal Payflow API’s and give the user an alert that the payment is successful or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as a tester, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;how do I test that?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to check whether the amount has been deducted from a credit card and credited to merchant account of client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14368" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T08:00:00.013" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:01:19.850" Title="Credit Card Testing (Paypal Payflow API)" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21938" CreationDate="2016-08-08T10:05:25.860" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you really need to test money has been deducted? You should trust PayPal tested their end of the payment system. If not get some real credit-cards and test the full flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PayPal has some guides how to do the testing, it includes example of test credit-card numbers, with this you should be able to test the whole flow, except the money part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test integration with the Payflow Gateway: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.paypal-knowledge.com/infocenter/index?page=content&amp;amp;widgetview=true&amp;amp;id=FAQ1493&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.paypal-knowledge.com/infocenter/index?page=content&amp;amp;widgetview=true&amp;amp;id=FAQ1493&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PayPal Sandbox Testing Guide: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.paypal.com/docs/classic/lifecycle/ug_sandbox/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.paypal.com/docs/classic/lifecycle/ug_sandbox/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T08:00:35.510" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:00:35.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21938" CreationDate="2016-08-08T10:35:08.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would divide the testing into two parts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The forms processing on your site&#xA;This is where you should write UI test cases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Production Monitoring.&#xA;Separate from testing you should consider having a system that sees if the PayPal API is available&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T10:35:08.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21941" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-08T10:45:32.200" Score="1" ViewCount="1155" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using JMeter for QA automation tools. I've tried some ways to log in, read from blazemeter and jmeter manuals, read about oAuth. I also made JMeter use browser(firefox in my case) to log in (but I didn't understand that much) but still didn't pass it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also asked the IT person who is responsible for developing the site, but he never used JMeter before as well, so he didn't know how to solve it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most response I got from JMeter is &quot;redirecting&quot; which as far as I know I have issue with the oAuth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried it on demo.a&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can anyone give solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20717" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T10:31:13.677" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T10:31:13.677" Title="Unable to Login successfully using JMeter. How to resolve issue?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21944" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-08T13:20:09.153" Score="0" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I call a user written function to generate and save a value into a parameter? I can use the &lt;code&gt;evalStore&lt;/code&gt; command with some JavaScript as a parameter plus a variable name to hold the value. This is OK for simple bits of JavaScript but would be unwieldy for more complex functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I write code that can be invoked via a Selenium IDE command. My preference is to write the code in C# but other languages can be considered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simple example of where this is mechanism is needed: A test case requires tomorrow's date to be written, in a specific format, into a text field of a web page being tested. The ideal would be to enclose a C# call of &lt;code&gt;System.DateTime.Now.ToString(&quot;_the_format_wanted_&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; in something that can be called from an IDE command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T13:20:09.153" Title="Calling user written code in Selenium IDE to generate values used in a test" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21938" CreationDate="2016-08-08T14:51:14.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every time I have implemented a payment system integration, there are two major phases of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First is the QA testing, which ensures the program flow is correct. There may also be scripted responses to test. For example, an amount ending in $X.42 will result in a decline: does the application behave correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you are referring to is typically validated during certification testing with the payment processor. QA is typically on the phone or Skype with a representative from the payment processor (AJB, FDMS, PayPal, et al). As you run through the scenarios, the other company's representative will validate the results on their end (in a test box, of course). Together, you will validate that both systems are working correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user13118" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T14:51:14.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21946" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21947" CreationDate="2016-08-08T15:56:32.597" Score="1" ViewCount="952" Body="&lt;p&gt;While writing a code many time any of them get failed. How actually those methods work? Please great if you can help to stop confusing between those two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q - What is the real difference between methods &lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T17:46:02.437" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T16:53:23.173" Title="Selenium/Appium + Java : What is the real difference between methods .isDisplayed() and .isEnabled()?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21946" CreationDate="2016-08-08T17:55:04.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The methods &lt;code&gt;.isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;.isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt; have nothing in common.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Method &lt;code&gt;.isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An element is considered &lt;strong&gt;displayed&lt;/strong&gt; when it is perceptually visible to the human eye.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#element-displayedness&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#element-displayedness&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Method &lt;code&gt;.isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An element is considered &lt;strong&gt;enabled&lt;/strong&gt; if it's &lt;strong&gt;not a form control&lt;/strong&gt; (button, input, textarea, select or option) or when the user interactions and focus are not blocked with the &lt;code&gt;disabled&lt;/code&gt; attribute/property.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#is-element-enabled&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#is-element-enabled&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the default implementation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/javascript/atoms/dom.js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/javascript/atoms/dom.js&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastEditorUserId="16994" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T16:53:23.173" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T16:53:23.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21950" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-08T19:31:54.023" Score="3" ViewCount="1593" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;svg viewBox=&quot;0 0 24 24&quot; style=&quot;display: inline-block; fill: rgb(224,    224, 224); height: 24px; width: 24px; transition: all 450ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) 0ms; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 14px; -webkit-user-select: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;path d=&quot;M7 10l5 5 5-5z&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/svg&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the page at:&#xA;apply.autogravity.com. The page doesn't use the typical 'select' element found on other websites.&#xA;Any help would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20733" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T06:10:06.293" LastActivityDate="2018-08-20T11:01:03.647" Title="How to select an element from a drop down list inside 'svg viewbox' container using Java/WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21951" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21973" CreationDate="2016-08-08T19:50:36.307" Score="4" ViewCount="9518" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following two methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def randomStartMethod() : Long = {&#xA;  var range = 1000L&#xA;  var r = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextLong(10L*range)&#xA;  var randomStart = 1396024675000L + r&#xA;  return randomStart&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;def randomStopMethod() : Long = {&#xA;  var range = 1000L&#xA;  val r = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextLong(10L*range)&#xA;  val randomStop =  1396024675000L + r*2L&#xA;  return randomStop&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I add it to the request body like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;val activity = repeat(10, &quot;i&quot;) {&#xA;      exec(http(&quot;POST activity post&quot;)&#xA;        .post(&quot;/activity/&quot;)&#xA;        .header(&quot;Content-Type&quot;, &quot;application/json; charset=ISO-8859-1&quot;)&#xA;        .header(&quot;accept&quot;, &quot;*/*&quot;)&#xA;        .body(StringBody(&#xA;          s&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;             |{&#xA;             |    &quot;id&quot;: &quot;activityId&quot;,&#xA;             |    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;run&quot;,&#xA;             |    &quot;start_epoch_ms&quot;: &quot;${randomStartMethod()}&quot;,&#xA;             |    &quot;end_epoch_ms&quot;: &quot;${randomStop()}&quot;,&#xA;             |    &quot;metrics&quot;: [&#xA;             |        {&#xA;             |            &quot;type&quot;: &quot;distance&quot;,&#xA;             |            &quot;unit&quot;: &quot;KM&quot;,&#xA;             |            &quot;source&quot;: &quot;nike.running.ios&quot;,&#xA;             |            &quot;values&quot;: [&#xA;             |                {&#xA;             |                    &quot;start_epoch_ms&quot;: &quot;${randomStartMethod()}&quot;,&#xA;             |                    &quot;end_epoch_ms&quot;: &quot;${randomStopMethod()}&quot;,&#xA;             |                    &quot;value&quot;: 2.0&#xA;             |                }&#xA;             |&#xA;            |            ]&#xA;             |        }&#xA;             |    ]&#xA;             |}&#xA;          &quot;&quot;&quot;.stripMargin)).&#xA;        asJSON&#xA;        .check(status.is(202))&#xA;        .check(&#xA;          jsonPath(&#xA;            &quot;$.activityId&quot;).saveAs(&quot;message&quot;)&#xA;        )&#xA;        .check(bodyString.&#xA;          transform(_.split(&quot;\&quot;&quot;&#xA;          )(3)).saveAs(&#xA;          &quot;changeToken&quot;))&#xA;&#xA;      ).exec(&#xA;        session =&amp;gt; {&#xA;          val maybeId =&#xA;            session.get(&#xA;              &quot;message&quot;).asOption[String]&#xA;          println(maybeId)&#xA;          session&#xA;        }&#xA;      )&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here the values are not generated dynamically when I use with feed. Can someone suggest how to generate the random numbers every time throughout the run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20734" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T22:16:27.910" Title="How to dynamically generate JSon in Gatling?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;gatling&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21952" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-08T20:52:51.547" Score="4" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I never had to test an application with Page Object Model, so trying to study up on that. Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it true that it is only used when you need to enter different sets of data into the same edit field multiple times?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it true that in fact there are more applications that don't use POM than applications that do?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do I understand it right that POM can be implemented without Page Factory and if so, when is it worth using Page Factory?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T10:20:41.960" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T10:20:41.960" Title="Page Object Model in Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-12-23T12:55:54.873" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21952" CreationDate="2016-08-08T21:06:42.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;1.a) You &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; should expect to use actions like entering a value to a field multiple times - software should be reusable. &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ThreeStrikesAndYouAutomate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Three Strikes And You Automate&lt;/a&gt; - and in situation like this, you may apply &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ZeroOneInfinityRule&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Zero One Infinity Rule&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.b) Separation of concerns: page knows about locators, but your test does not care about them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) If you apply &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pareto principle&lt;/a&gt;, 80% of anything is crap (and such code might not use POM).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Depends of language. I use Python, and am doing fine without factories for either elements or pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T21:06:42.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21952" CreationDate="2016-08-08T21:28:06.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Q. Is it true that it is only used when you need to enter different sets of data into the same edit field multiple times?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A. No.  That is the advantage that most programmers point to first.  The other reason for using a page object is to have tests written fully in plain english, including the element selectors and for me that is actually the &lt;em&gt;main&lt;/em&gt; reason.  With today's editors I can globally search and replace easily, but adding meaning by describing the element in plain English is something that requires a human brain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q. Is it true that in fact there are more applications that don't use POM than applications that do?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A. This is really unknowable without surveying hundreds or thousands of companies.  All I can really say is that for small new companies it may not be used but for larger companies with more complex applications it quickly becomes a common pattern to aid in maintainability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q. Do I understand it right that POM can be implemented without Page Factory and if so, when is it worth using Page Factory?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A. Yes, you don't need a Page Factory.  You use one when there is a lot of functionality that can be broken down and shared and you want to avoid repetition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have implemented the Page Object pattern in many different ways, including&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple variables, defined in one file  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A class with a method for each element that need to be identified and used  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A yaml file that contains key-values pairs, key=name_description, value=element_identifier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so as you can see, the concept that this is a specific object pattern is not really true as it now exists in many forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-08-08T21:34:43.493" LastActivityDate="2016-08-08T21:34:43.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21957" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-09T02:27:07.953" Score="4" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having problems understanding Selenium Grid even after watching YouTube videos. Also, is it true that not every Selenium tester should know it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Earlier I also had problems understanding Maven, but after experts explained it to me, things got a lot clearer and videos made a lot more sense. So please help me to understand what Selenium Grid is needed for, so that maybe after I watch YouTube videos again I can grasp it better. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T04:23:11.003" LastActivityDate="2020-12-15T09:36:06.193" Title="What is Selenium Grid needed for?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21958" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-09T05:06:26.073" Score="1" ViewCount="28807" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jCrOD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jCrOD.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hi everyone,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to get integer value and compare it with another value in different tag. what is the xpath for this.How can i get this. I have attached a screeshot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19466" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T18:01:07.963" Title="Xpath for TR and TD tags" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21958" CreationDate="2016-08-09T05:13:44.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please try the following：&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div/div/table/tbody/tr/td[@class='hoverElement']/a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(@class,'MediumSmallPopup-Small')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, you should be able to locate element &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T05:13:44.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21957" CreationDate="2016-08-09T05:17:41.147" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quote on quote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Grid is a server that allows tests to use web browser instances running on remote machines. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Selenium Grid, one server acts as the hub. Tests contact the hub to obtain access to browser instances. The hub has a list of servers that provide access to browser instances (WebDriver nodes), and lets tests use these instances. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium Grid allows running tests in parallel on multiple machines, and to manage different browser versions and browser configurations centrally (instead of in each individual test).&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The ability to run tests on remote browser instances is useful to spread the load of testing across several machines, and to run tests in browsers running on different platforms or operating systems.&lt;/strong&gt; The latter is particularly useful in cases where not all browsers to be used for testing can run on the same platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether you should know about Selenium Grid is dependent on your current task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read it more here. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/07_selenium_grid.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link to Selenium Grid Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T05:17:41.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21941" CreationDate="2016-08-09T05:33:20.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually the process looks as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record login scenario using your browser and JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform correlation - detect any dynamic values, extract them from 1st response, convert them into &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Variables&lt;/a&gt; and use them in 2nd request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking into &lt;a href=&quot;http://demo.tada.id/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://demo.tada.id/&lt;/a&gt; website it seems to be having &lt;code&gt;authenticity_token&lt;/code&gt; dynamic parameter which is being used for &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-csrf-protected-web-sites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CSRF&lt;/a&gt; protection in &lt;a href=&quot;http://rubyonrails.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruby-on-Rails&lt;/a&gt; applications. So you need to send the correct value each time you login. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your test plan should look as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open login page&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract &lt;code&gt;authenticity_token&lt;/code&gt; value, i.e. via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform POST request providing &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;card number&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;authenticity_token value from the previous response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have any problems with correlating this &lt;code&gt;authenticity_token&lt;/code&gt; value - you can try an alternative solution for recording JMeter test scripts. It has &lt;code&gt;SmartJMX&lt;/code&gt; mode with automatic correlations of any dynamic entities so you wouldn't have to worry about it at all. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-cut-your-jmeter-scripting-time-80&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Cut Your JMeter Scripting Time by 80%&lt;/a&gt; article for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T05:33:20.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18623" CreationDate="2016-08-09T05:51:50.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had faced the same issue. The problem with Webdriver is that it only finds those elements which are currently loaded in the Dom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use Javascript for scrolling. It works for&#xA;me: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void scrollingToBottomofAPage() {&#xA;    driver.navigate().to(URL);&#xA;     ((JavascriptExecutor) driver)&#xA;     .executeScript(&quot;window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void scrollingToElementofAPage() {&#xA;    driver.navigate().to(URL);&#xA;    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Import/Export&quot;));&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&#xA;            &quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView();&quot;, element);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void scrollingByCoordinatesofAPage() {&#xA;    driver.navigate().to(URL);&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,500)&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use robot class for scrolling: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_PAGE_DOWN);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_PAGE_DOWN);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or you can use keyboard function as well through Actions class. Although its not a good solution but may be it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Actions act = new Actions();&#xA;  act.sendKeys(Keys.TAB,Keys.TAB).build.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-09T06:30:03.877" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T06:30:03.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21958" CreationDate="2016-08-09T06:13:34.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please try this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement e = getDriver().findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div/div/table/tbody/tr/td[@class='hoverElement']/a&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;getText() &quot; + e.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &quot;e&quot; you can get the actual value &quot;2,053&quot; the one that you you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T05:53:52.070" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T05:53:52.070" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21964" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-09T06:38:43.017" Score="0" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a good understanding of Maven basics, but few things are unclear to me. Please help me with the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I understand that a transitive dependency isn't declared in your POM. So, where can you see a transitive dependency?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What does it mean to resolve a dependency? How can you do it manually?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have heard of things like InteliJ and GitHub. Are those obligatory, if you have Maven?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does it ever happen in the real world that an application is developed in Java, but Selenium testing is done in Selenium with Python, Ruby or C#? I would assume that in this case CI would be problematic, but there are still places out there that don't use CI&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T17:25:27.637" Title="Maven and Transitive Dependencies" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21988" CreationDate="2016-08-09T07:40:52.267" Score="0" ViewCount="857" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using remote desktop to run my Coded UI scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I minimize remote desktop window or lock my PC test cases starts to fail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone had this problem? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you recommend some solutions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T11:32:14.997" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:32:14.997" Title="Coded UI scripts fail when remote desktop minimized or locked" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21975" CreationDate="2016-08-09T11:52:31.013" Score="1" ViewCount="3520" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to write variables from csv input file to the .csv output file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i have input.csv with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;planID |planNum&#xA;----   |----&#xA;1      | 123456&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I have user defined variable: varToFlexibleFileWriter, value: &quot;some value&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using flexible File writer to write output file&#xA;In Record each sample as, I have : &lt;code&gt;${varToFlexibleFileWriter}|\t|${planNum}|\r\n&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but in outfile I see: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;userDefinedVar | planNum&#xA;some value     | ${planNum}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User defined variable is displayed as expected, but there is no value for planNum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to make flexible file writer to write variable values from input file? Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17148" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T04:55:00.093" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T08:45:08.127" Title="Jmeter - Variables from input file to output file" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21964" CreationDate="2016-08-09T15:28:44.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;1: A transitive dependency is a dependency of a dependency you've included in your Maven project. You can print a tree of dependencies for any Maven project by executing the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mvn dependency:tree&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will print a tree with all the dependencies of your project, showing the dependency of each of the dependencies and, in turn, also their dependencies. Below is an exerpt from the dependency tree of a project that depends on org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-server. Every node in the tree below the first dependency is a transitive dependency for your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[INFO] +- org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-server:jar:2.45.0:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on:jar:1.48:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.bouncycastle:bcpkix-jdk15on:jar:1.48:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- mx4j:mx4j-tools:jar:3.0.1:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.mortbay.jetty:servlet-api-2.5:jar:6.1.9:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.seleniumhq.selenium:jetty-repacked:jar:7.6.1:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.seleniumhq.selenium:jetty-rc-repacked:jar:5:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- net.jcip:jcip-annotations:jar:1.0:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:jar:2.45.0:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-chrome-driver:jar:2.45.0:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-remote-driver:jar:2.45.0:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |     +- cglib:cglib-nodep:jar:2.1_3:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |     +- com.google.code.gson:gson:jar:2.3.1:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |     +- org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-api:jar:2.45.0:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |     \- com.google.guava:guava:jar:18.0:compile&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To read more about transitive dependencies the Maven manual is a good starting point. Or read more about the dependency tree plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2: Maven resolves the dependencies of your project by downloading them from a Maven repository, which can be either a local repository (your development machine, usually in the ~/.m2/ folder) or a remote repository.&#xA;Sometimes, you may have to &lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-3rd-party-jars-local.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;add the dependencies to your repository manually&lt;/a&gt;. Depending on the presence of the pom file in the META-INF directory of your JAR-file this command should be enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mvn install:install-file -Dfile=&amp;lt;path-to-file&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3: IntelliJ is an IDE, GitHub is a Git repository hosting service and Maven is a build automation tool. Typically, a developer will write code in IntelliJ, push it to GitHub for version control and use Maven to build his project locally or/and on a CI server such as Jenkins. So each of these are very different tools, with different goals. None of them are required by Maven to be part of your workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4: This question is very context dependent, but in general it seems to be preferable to use the same language for both the test code and production code. This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/17211/19493&quot;&gt;nice answer&lt;/a&gt; to this question that elaborates a bit more. Ofcourse, there will always be situations where it is impossible or infeasible due to time constraints, skill or other circumstances to use the same language for both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T17:25:27.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20710" CreationDate="2016-08-09T16:45:05.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your attention to this post. I finally found the problem when one of my colleague suggested to use VNC to see what's actually going on the linux machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For debugging, we need to install &quot;x11vnc&quot; package on the system where tests is being run and then connect to the system using VNC Viewer on a Remote Host. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On target system, run &quot;x11vnc -passwd secret -display :99&quot; and connect to the target with ip_address:5900 (5900 is default port). Soon you will see firefox starting in poor resolution :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &quot;secret&quot; value to -passwd option can be replaced with any value of your choice. You need to enter this password when prompted by your vnc client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case, I found out that basic authentication pop-up was displayed more different and the tab was sending focus to Google Search text box. Hence the password was getting entered at wrong place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is valuable technique to find out what's going wrong on your linux box, which doesn't support GUI or GNOME.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rrbUp.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rrbUp.png&quot; alt=&quot;How Firefox 22 displays popup on Linux&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17174" LastEditorUserId="17174" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T10:39:56.433" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T10:39:56.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21951" CreationDate="2016-08-09T22:16:27.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I did it, by adding methods in gatling:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package simulations.syncservice&#xA;&#xA;import io.gatling.core.Predef._&#xA;import io.gatling.http.Predef._&#xA;import scala.concurrent.duration._&#xA;import scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ThreadLocalRandom&#xA;import scala.language.postfixOps&#xA;import scala.math._&#xA;&#xA;class PostActivitySimulation extends Simulation {&#xA;&#xA;  var startEpoch = 0L;&#xA;  var stopEpoch = 0L;&#xA;&#xA;  val appId = Map(&quot;appId&quot; -&amp;gt; &quot;NIKEREEBOK&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;  //Sync service parameters&#xA;  val syncUrl = &quot;https://YOURURL.COM&quot;&#xA;&#xA;  var httpConf = http.baseURL(syncUrl)&#xA;&#xA;  def startGenerator() :Long = {&#xA;    var startNum = 1396024675000L + ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextLong(90000L)&#xA;    startEpoch = startNum;&#xA;    return startNum&#xA;  }&#xA;  def stopGenerator() :Long = {&#xA;    var stopNum = 1396335695000L + ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextLong(90000L)&#xA;    stopEpoch = stopNum;&#xA;    return stopNum&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  val postActivity = scenario(&quot;POST Activity&quot;)&#xA;    .exec(http(&quot;POST activity post&quot;)&#xA;      .post(&quot;/activity/&quot;)&#xA;      .header(&quot;Content-Type&quot;, &quot;application/json; charset=ISO-8859-1&quot;)&#xA;      .header(&quot;accept&quot; , &quot;*/*&quot;)&#xA;      .body(StringBody(session =&amp;gt;&#xA;        s&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;           |{&#xA;           |    &quot;id&quot;: &quot;activityId&quot;,&#xA;           |    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;run&quot;,&#xA;           |    &quot;start_epoch_ms&quot;: &quot;${startGenerator()}&quot;,&#xA;           |    &quot;end_epoch_ms&quot;: &quot;${stopGenerator()}&quot;,&#xA;           |    &quot;metrics&quot;: [&#xA;           |        {&#xA;           |            &quot;type&quot;: &quot;distance&quot;,&#xA;           |            &quot;unit&quot;: &quot;KM&quot;,&#xA;           |            &quot;source&quot;: &quot;nike.running.ios&quot;,&#xA;           |            &quot;values&quot;: [&#xA;           |                {&#xA;           |                    &quot;start_epoch_ms&quot;: &quot;${startEpoch}&quot;,&#xA;           |                    &quot;end_epoch_ms&quot;: &quot;${stopEpoch}&quot;,&#xA;           |                    &quot;value&quot;: 2.0&#xA;           |                }&#xA;           |&#xA;            |            ]&#xA;           |        }&#xA;           |    ]&#xA;           |}&#xA;          &quot;&quot;&quot;.stripMargin)).asJSON&#xA;      .check(status.is(202))&#xA;      .check(&#xA;        jsonPath(&quot;$.activityId&quot;).saveAs(&quot;activityId&quot;)&#xA;      )&#xA;      .check(bodyString.transform(_.split(&quot;\&quot;&quot;)(3)).saveAs(&quot;changeToken&quot;))&#xA;    )&#xA;    .exec(&#xA;      session =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        val activityId = session.get(&quot;activityId&quot;).asOption[String]&#xA;        println(activityId)&#xA;        session&#xA;      }&#xA;    )&#xA;&#xA;  setUp(&#xA;    postActivity.inject&#xA;    (nothingFor(2 seconds),&#xA;      atOnceUsers(30),&#xA;      rampUsers(200) over(1000 seconds))&#xA;      .protocols(httpConf))&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20734" LastActivityDate="2016-08-09T22:16:27.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21974" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="21980" CreationDate="2016-08-10T02:45:45.850" Score="4" ViewCount="2495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a mobile application on iPad at the moment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The problem is:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I noticed that the longer that I ran this application, the slower it got and eventually it would crash. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I suspect there is a memory leak somewhere in the code.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question is&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I demonstrate there is a memory leak for this iOS mobile application? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have tried:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;General --&amp;gt; Usage&lt;/code&gt;, but it does not show how much RAM it is using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:59:18.597" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:59:18.597" Title="iOS: check RAM usage on iPad" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21970" CreationDate="2016-08-10T04:48:01.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to add some extra configuration so Flexible File Writer could save your &lt;code&gt;planNum&lt;/code&gt; variable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add the next line to &lt;code&gt;user.properties&lt;/code&gt; file (it is located in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sample_variables=planNum&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter restart will be required to pick the property up. Alternatively you can define the property by passing it via &lt;code&gt;-J&lt;/code&gt; command-line argument like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;jmeter -Jsample_variables=planNum -n -t yourplan.jmx -l results.jtl&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;variable#0&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;${planNum}&lt;/code&gt; in the Flexible File Writer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/FlexibleFileWriter/#Saving-JMeter-Variables-with-Flexible-File-Writer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Saving JMeter Variables with Flexible File Writer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T04:48:01.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20514" CreationDate="2016-08-10T05:02:46.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thank you for all contributions to my issue. I end up my case with the following steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep same code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create excel file to generate JSON based on specific condition.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy JSON on excel file to script (//TODO: read from Excel)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T05:02:46.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-10T05:39:34.093" Score="2" ViewCount="220" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my knowledge so far of cross-browser testing may I ask the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it true that at majority of the companies it is not performed, since most of the time when something working on one browser and not working on another, it is because something is not configured or updated properly in that browser?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it true that even when it is worth doing C.B.T., any time spent on it is time lost on functional testing and most of the defects have to do with the code and little to do with a browser?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I was doing manual testing, it was required of me to test in two browsers at only one of the places I've worked at. Would it be safe to say that in automation testing C.B.T. is as common (or rather as uncommon) as it is in manual testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most of my experience in manual testing has been through I.E. Is it true that if an application is tested in only one browser using Selenium, it is standard to test it in Firefox?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T06:31:18.793" LastActivityDate="2019-12-12T11:00:02.100" Title="Help required with understanding Cross-browser Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21977" CreationDate="2016-08-10T06:30:03.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Is it true that at the majority of companies it is not performed&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well I haven't done a survey, have you? As far as I know web development companies usually do Cross-browser Testing (C.B.T.). They have to make sure the websites and web applications they develop look and work in the same way in various browsers. This is to make sure that all users have a good experience on the site or application and want to visit again. Plus, they have to do this is because they don't control which browser and which version of that browser their end users will be using. The most they may do if an end user reports an issue is ask them to upgrade to the latest version. Mostly the companies test of few widely used browsers like FireFox, Chrome, Safari, Opera and I.E.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;since most of the time when something working on one browser and not&#xA;  working on another, it is because something is not configured or&#xA;  updated properly in one browser&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless an until your end user has some technical knowledge and requires specific configurations and plugins set up in their browsers, they will install the browser with default settings and use it that way only. So, no its not about &quot;something is not configured or updated properly in one browser&quot;. Its about something wrong in you code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Is it true that even when it is worth doing c.b.t. any time spent on&#xA;  it is time lost on functional testing and most of the defects have to&#xA;  do with the code and little to do with a browser?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. Time spent on C.B.T. is not time lost on functional testing. If it is then the problem is with your analysis and estimation. You should have estimated C.B.T. and functional testing separately. &quot;most of the defects have to do with the code and little to do with a browser&quot; When you say C.B.T. are you testing your website or web application's compatibility with various browsers or testing the browser? Yes most defects have to do with problem with the code and very few occur due to problem with the browser!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Would it be save to say that in automation testing c.b.t. is as&#xA;  common (or rather as uncommon) as in manual testing?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This totally depends on the individual thinking. If you are comfortable with writing automation script to test a website or web application of various browsers then it will be common for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Is it true that if an application is tested in only one browser in&#xA;  Selenium, it is standard to test it in Firefox?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium provide built-in support for FireFox. That is why people prefer FireFox. You can install and configure drivers for other browsers separately and then use them. But, with C.B.T. people usually test the design compatibility more than the functionality. Selenium will help you test the functionality of your website or web application and not the design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T06:30:03.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21977" CreationDate="2016-08-10T06:35:24.970" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No - I have seen majority of the companies do cross-browsing testing. One of the cause could be browser configuration and updation but there are lot others too involved in that.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes - I do think one should prefer functional testing to complete and then can move towards cross-browser testing. But surely not at the start.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes - Cross-browser testing included in both and should be carried out in both automation and manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No - Its not mandatory to go for firefox. But it  has good support available. Selenium execution observed good with and on firefox. We can use other browsers like chrome or IE with selenium&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its open if you would like to add points!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T06:35:24.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21974" CreationDate="2016-08-10T07:03:27.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per the developer documentation on Apple's &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/InstrumentsUserGuide/FindingLeakedMemory.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;website&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The following scenarios are common causes of leaks, you can confirm whether your observations are actually memory leak??&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retain has been called on an object without a corresponding release call when the object is no longer referenced.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An object has been allocated and initialized with APIs that don’t cause the object to autorelease.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a leak isn’t an object, you may be calling an API that assumes ownership of a malloc-created memory block, and you are missing a corresponding call to free().&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To investigate a leaked object using a backtrace:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Leaks instrument in the timeline pane to display leak-related information in the detail pane.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose Leaks from the detail type list in the navigation bar of the detail pane.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A list of leaked objects by backtrace is displayed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Leaks by Backtrace view aggregates all of the leaked blocks by their allocation point, because a single mistake in source code can result in multiple runtime leaks as the code is executed repeatedly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select an object you want to investigate.&#xA;Click the focus arrow next to the object’s memory address to display the memory history of the object in the detail pane, along with corresponding reference counts and method calls.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press Command-3 to display a stack trace for the selected object in the extended detail area of the inspector.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Collapse button in the extended detail area to hide system calls in the stack trace. This makes it easier to locate your app’s methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Double-click a method in the stack trace to display its code in Instruments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Xcode button at the top of the detail pane to open the code in Xcode for review and editing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To investigate a leak using the call tree:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Leaks instrument in the timeline pane to display leak-related information in the detail pane.&#xA;Select Call Tree from the detail type list in the navigation bar of the detail pane.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A list of method calls related to any detected leaks is displayed.&#xA;Press Command-2 to show the display settings area in the inspector pane.&#xA;Under the Call Tree display settings, select Invert Call Tree and Hide System Libraries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The most recent method calls are shown first. It also helps narrow down the list of method calls to ones made by your app. Method calls made by your app are colored black and preceded by a user code icon.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select a method call you want to investigate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press Command-3 to display a stack trace for the selected method call in the extended detail area of the inspector.&#xA;Double-click the method call in the stack trace to display its code in Instruments.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Xcode button at the top of the detail pane to open the code in Xcode for review and editing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can fine more details &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/InstrumentsUserGuide/FindingLeakedMemory.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other Solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use instruments: First build and install your app on the simulator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop the process again (the red shield where it says &quot;task&quot;), then go to Run-&gt;Run with perfomance tool-&gt;Leaks. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will start Instruments preconfigured with a Leaks and memory allocation tool. For more info check out Apple's Memory Usage Performance Guidelines (which also has a section on finding leaks): &lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/Performance/Conceptual/ManagingMemory/ManagingMemory.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/Performance/Conceptual/ManagingMemory/ManagingMemory.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-10T08:54:32.630" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T08:54:32.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21981" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-10T08:29:14.277" Score="6" ViewCount="522" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug report title is very important to distinguish one bug from another without opening its description (steps, attachments). If we will not name them in appropriate way it would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lots of duplicates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;many questions from project manager (What is it about? Is it really severe?..)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If testers have access to the console log, is it appropriate to use exception names in defect title?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: &lt;code&gt;When 'Print contract' button is pressed, message &quot;Provider org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl not found&quot; is displayed in console-log.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or: &lt;code&gt;&quot;java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space.&quot; after 4 hours of work&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reason to use is that two different parts of software could arise a bug which originates from one place. &lt;code&gt;TransformerFactoryImpl not found&lt;/code&gt; could crash stuff in different parts of software so why do we need to create dozens of bugs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:21:43.243" Title="Is it appropriate to use exception names in bug report title?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21950" CreationDate="2016-08-10T08:41:38.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement listbox_webelement =&#xA;drive.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;write_your_xpath_of_element&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;listbox_webelement.click() [ Expected to list get visible ]&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;   Select select = new Select(listbox_webelement);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;   select.sendKeys(&quot;Text_From_Your_Listbox&quot;);&#xA;                  OR&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;   listbox_webelement.sendKeys(&quot;Text_From_Your_Listbox&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T08:41:38.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21981" CreationDate="2016-08-10T08:56:52.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally recommend against using exception names as bug titles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A bug title should serve as a summary of its bug report, exception message is not really friendly to read as daily, casual English&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some testers who read your bug reports are not necessarily technically minded, manual testers especially UAT testers do not have to know anything about coding, when they read exception messages, they will become more confused and dis-encouraged from reading on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business analysts read bug reports too, and many of them do not come from a coding backgrounds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How about managers? Not all managers know how to code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would write an easy to read, casual English sentence as a bug report title.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T08:56:52.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21981" CreationDate="2016-08-10T08:57:43.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My internal customers use it all the time since it's the best way to describe the symptom they see, but I can easily see cases where this will be inappropriate or not useful- public records where you don't want internal code snippets published, exceptions coming from an upper layer (UI maybe) irrelevant to the underlying problem etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T08:57:43.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21981" CreationDate="2016-08-10T09:56:55.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on who will read the report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use other keywords/labels to group/find the common issues and see is the bug was already reported or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no need to use code/strack-trace in the title, you need a title that is concise and describes as simple as possible the issue found.&#xA;In this way you can avoid any misunderstandings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to provide a status of the build or create a build report page, you need to keep in mind who will read that page, who will need that status (pm, qa team, the client).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other details like stack-traces you can use description section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should create/have a documentation page that describes how to log a bug and the team should follow those rules in order to decrease the duplicates, the misunderstanding and to increase the work efficiency and high level status of the build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T09:56:55.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21938" CreationDate="2016-08-10T11:04:49.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually when testing payments via PayPal, Stripe, WorldPay etc., I develop some test cases for the different scenarios that are possible and that require testing. These include happy path tests where the test card details are all ok and a successful payment expected. Then error tests are added, to test for conditions such as card declined, incorrect cvc, expired card, processing error etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In each case, I would trust that the code/result coming back from the payment processor is correct and to be trusted, as that is entirely in their hands and a certain element of trust has to be given. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, I wouldn't be testing deductions from credit cards, credits to merchant accounts etc. as that is handled by the payment processor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19625" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T08:01:19.850" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:01:19.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21981" CreationDate="2016-08-10T11:21:43.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;We should not use exception names as Bug Titles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bug Title - Its expected to tell the story about bug in a single straight &amp;amp; clean sentence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We should always title a bug according to its behavior. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;According to me, good practice to title bug will be - simple english sentence which speaks about behavior of application &#xA;This can be easily recollected and recognize by everyone as you mentioned like Tester, Developers, Manager &amp;amp; leads&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:21:43.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21965" CreationDate="2016-08-10T11:31:26.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is normal for any GUI script. Minimizing or locking the PC causes Remote Desktop to discard the session window - I would guarantee the exceptions you get when the test cases fail involve no such element or something to the effect of there not being a screen to interact with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer is not to use remote desktop. Coded UI doesn't work with headless browsers, so you need to run in a GUI session - I've found that setting up a VNC server on the test machine and using a VNC client to view what's happening is the best way because VNC hooks into the existing windowed environment rather than creating a windowed session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to use other methods to ensure your test run machine is online and logged in, but other than that, VNC won't cause your scripts to fail when you close the client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:31:26.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21977" CreationDate="2016-08-10T11:35:27.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) It is very common for websites to be tested upon multiple brands and versions of browsers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Where we work, we conduct testing the primary browser used by our customers, we then schedule browser testing on anything our customer use with a cut off of 5%. This initial created a problem for the team as the amount of resource need to test a change increase. To combat this we separated our testing out in to two areas. Functional and Usability and rendering. Functional Testing is carried out by our systems testers and Usability by our digital content testers. We then decided that even this approach did not solve the problem and started automating our tests using saucelabs. Now we test on many variations of browsers, but only spend any hour of virtual time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Exceptionally common as is highly recommended. I would have a look on youtube for saucelabs.com and appium (if you are testing mobile apps) ever since we started this process, we now have usable websites that function and we are not loosing resource. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) No, If you have to do the bare minimum. IE (One Version behind normally), Firefox and Chrome. I would also recommend Safari on IOS, but it depends on what your users are using as it can vary. Check your Google Analytics stats and start to create a profile/policy of what your customers use and browsers and devices they may use in future. This than allows you to know what to test and what risks you are taking. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9197" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:35:27.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2298" CreationDate="2016-08-10T11:38:37.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yup, we use Saucelabs.com to automate our tests from visual studio in C#. Highly recommended to automate your test. Save loads of time. In addition we have used crossbrowsertesting.com and browser stack but found both to lack the capability/innovative approach of saucelabs.com. All we now do is call a method which communicates with the saucelabs service, so we no longer have to write new scripts every time we want to test a change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9197" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T11:38:37.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21991" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22059" CreationDate="2016-08-10T14:22:51.520" Score="0" ViewCount="988" Body="&lt;p&gt;Example not exact code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(45));&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.Id(Element)));&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.Id(Element)));&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(Element)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it SOMETIMES simply doesnt click. No errors, nothing, and tests fail at next steps, because i assume element has been clicked. 1/10 of same test runs fail to click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afterwards inspecting failed test, webdriver seem to 'highlight' checkbox instead of click. Manually i can obviously see/click it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google says it might be because element is not enabled yet at point when driver is clicking but i understand if its clikable its enabled. And if it would be covered by another element due to loading error would be different: 'element is not clickable at point..' and there are no errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really would not want to use explicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could cause it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T09:41:06.100" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T09:41:06.100" Title="webdriver doesnt Click (sometimes) even after waiting for ElementToBeClickable" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21994" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-10T16:00:15.730" Score="2" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;When joining a new company, how does one give a test estimation effort for a piece of functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you don't have full knowledge of the system, or the functionality is brand new, wouldn't it be very hard to give a test estimation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you give some examples how you've overcome this, or do you just give a rough estimate such as half the time it takes for the devs to code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18717" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:08:45.783" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:08:45.783" Title="Test estimation effort for a new piece of functionality" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-estimation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21977" CreationDate="2016-08-10T16:12:27.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even places which use automated regression test, do a lot of testing manually. Developing (and maintaining) test is a significant time commitment, is not free. So it makes sense to automate most often used workflows, but test manually other functionality. Of course it depends of how complex you web app is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Priority of browsers in CBT (or anything else) should be in order of preference of &lt;strong&gt;YOUR&lt;/strong&gt; users, not guided by opinion from some random person from internet. If 90% of your users use Safari on iPad, how would be testing in FF and Chrome be relevant? Measure relevant metrics and make your own decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T16:12:27.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="21998" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-10T18:22:52.497" Score="0" ViewCount="464" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to filter out issues in JIRA using JQL, that do not have any comments made by me but may or may not contain comments made by other users?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19275" LastEditorUserId="19275" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T01:07:36.787" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T01:07:36.787" Title="Filter issues that do not have any comment made by me (or any user) in JIRA, using JQL" Tags="&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-08-11T11:47:38.900" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21998" CreationDate="2016-08-10T19:26:26.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Presumably one cannot comment on a ticket without having access rights to the project, so the question boils down to, &quot;Is it possible to filter out issues in JIRA that do not have any comments?&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, it is not possible without installing additional Jira plugs.  See for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/11814781/100464&quot;&gt;this StackOverflow answer&lt;/a&gt;, which recommends using the Jira Toolkit Plugin to create a custom field that counts the ticket's comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-08-10T19:26:26.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22001" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-10T20:31:33.573" Score="1" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to match the first word in a drop down list with a given string. What is happening is when I am creating a new drop-down name, it is getting updated by some different name, though the first word remains same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code I am using is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void DeleteStyleGroup()&#xA;    {&#xA;        var StyleGroupName = Driver.Instance.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;sgroupnbr&quot;));&#xA;        StyleGroupName.Click();&#xA;        var selectelement = new SelectElement(StyleGroupName);&#xA;        selectelement.SelectByText(GrpName);&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The drop-down field name here is &quot;sgroupbr&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my Unit test class, the code I am using is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public class DeleteStyleGroup : ibankTest&#xA;{&#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void Delete_Style_Group()&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;StyleGrp.GrpNme(&quot;AdrijaTest&quot;).DeleteStyleGroup();&#xA;}&#xA;[TestInitialize]&#xA;public void ClassInit()&#xA;{&#xA;StyleGrp.Goto();&#xA;StyleGrp.StyltGroupName(&quot;AdrijaTest&quot;).Configuration(&quot;C3 One Tab&quot;).Save();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the the group name is a method where it tries to find the drop-down name &quot;AdrijaTest&quot;, but it is getting updated with some other name  like &quot;AdrijaTest 401&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20774" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T04:02:35.370" LastActivityDate="2021-04-18T14:42:57.350" Title="Finding dropdown name where only the first word matches given string using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22004" CreationDate="2016-08-11T00:15:39.273" Score="0" ViewCount="900" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate clicking on a button of a webpage where the source code has the following structure: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;ctl02_&quot; class=&quot;sel&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div id=&quot;Lo&quot; class=&quot;cont&quot;&amp;gt;       &#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;cl&quot;&amp;gt;         &#xA;         &amp;lt;span onclick=&quot;__doPostBack('ct$ctl00','M_CC_1')&quot; &#xA;           class=&quot;fakeLink&quot; title=&quot;add &amp;amp;quot;D&amp;amp;quot;&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;           &amp;lt;img src=&quot;Skin/D.png&quot; alt=&quot;add &amp;amp;quot;D&amp;amp;quot;&quot; class=&quot;io&quot; &#xA;           /&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;D&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently trying to accomplish this with the use of python and Selenium. Below you can find how I am trying to do this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;driver.wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 5)&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.thewebpageIwanttoclickforwardto.com&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;try:&#xA;   elem = driver.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, &quot;//div[@class='cl']&quot;)))&#xA;&#xA;except TimeoutException:&#xA;    print(&quot;Element not found&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;elem.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The program finishes fine (exit code 0), however, the webdriver has not moved to the webpage behind the click (which I would encounter if I would physically click on the button D on the webpage). I have tried many things giving me the feeling that I am missing something basic here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where am I going wrong here? Am I using Selenium in a wrong way here? Or is Selenium not the right tool for this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20778" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:37:08.810" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:00:25.980" Title="No redirection after clicking on &lt;div&gt;" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22002" CreationDate="2016-08-11T03:02:30.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you try to click a &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt;? Maybe &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is bigger than &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and Selenium click on area that doesn't bind to link behind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span onclick=&quot;__doPostBack('ct$ctl00','M_CC_1')&quot; &#xA;      class=&quot;fakeLink&quot; title=&quot;add &amp;amp;quot;D&amp;amp;quot;&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T04:00:25.980" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:00:25.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22002" CreationDate="2016-08-11T03:26:41.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only problem in your Selenium script is that you are clicking on the div that contains the link and not the link that really needs to be clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change your code from,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem = driver.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, &quot;//div[@class='cl']&quot;)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elem = driver.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, &quot;//span[@class='fakeLink']&quot;)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make the code click the &lt;code&gt;**&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;**&lt;/code&gt; tag which has the &lt;code&gt;**onClick**&lt;/code&gt; event you want executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;**&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;**&lt;/code&gt; tag you're clicking at present with your Selenium script doesn't have the &lt;code&gt;**onClick**&lt;/code&gt; event that has to be executed for the redirection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T03:26:41.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22001" CreationDate="2016-08-11T04:32:57.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write the function to get the first option that matched given string and return full text of that option&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public string GetFirstOptionMatchedGivenString(SelectElement dropdown, string givenString)&#xA;{&#xA;    foreach (WebElement option in dropdown.Options)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if(option.Text.Contains(givenString))&#xA;        {&#xA;            return option.Text;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And modify your code to select option by the returned text&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void DeleteStyleGroup()&#xA;{&#xA;    WebElement StyleGroupName = Driver.Instance.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;sgroupnbr&quot;));&#xA;    StyleGroupName.Click();&#xA;    Select selectelement = new SelectElement(StyleGroupName);&#xA;&#xA;    // get first option&#xA;    String firstOption= GetFirstOptionMatchedGivenString(selectelement, GrpName);&#xA;&#xA;    selectelement.SelectByText(firstOption);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't check this function, but it should work. Feel free to get back if it does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T06:36:16.100" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T06:36:16.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-11T06:00:37.767" Score="1" ViewCount="1908" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to create a dll log file using Selenium Webdriver with C#. Errors generated while running the C# code need to saved in this text file using that dll. How do I go about achieving this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19366" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T06:15:00.337" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T12:17:58.943" Title="How do I create log file to save error in a text file using Selenium Webdriver with C#?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-07T18:33:15.117" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22008" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22012" CreationDate="2016-08-11T06:12:25.943" Score="3" ViewCount="792" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to automation and still in learning phase. We are building an automation framework using Selenium with Java for a web app that is being newly developed. We do not have IDs for most elements in this web app right now. I am trying to identify web elements for which having unique ID is important so that I can request the developers to add IDs for these web elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking that it's okay not to have IDs for non-functional web elements like page headings, static content on page, etc. Among functional web elements, I think we need unique IDs for these elements without a doubt: 1. Text Fields, 2. Buttons, 3. Check-boxes, 4. Drop-downs, 5. Hyperlinks, 6. Lists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I am not sure about few web elements like: 1. Hover over elements (e.g. drop down menu appears, tool tip appears, details screen appears), 2. Dynamic Tables (I guess it would be good to have unique IDs for column headings, other cells need not have IDs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find a way that will let us build test scripts with more accuracy and low maintenance, at the same time I do not want to over burden our developers with the task of creating unique IDs for each and every element. Please let me know whether unique IDs should be created for web elements like hover over elements, dynamic tables and any other web element that I have missed mentioning here. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20782" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T23:19:53.413" Title="Need help in identifying web elements for which I need to request developers to add unique IDs" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22008" CreationDate="2016-08-11T06:22:25.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unique IDs is the most efficient way to uniquely identify a web element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it will take some effort to come up with a naming convention about how to name an element and developers need to stick to this convention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is definitely worth a while to assign all interactive web elements with unique IDs, such as buttons, check boxes and input boxes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case for an element that has no ID, you can easily locate it via Xpath and Css selector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T06:22:25.310" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22007" CreationDate="2016-08-11T06:35:32.713" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its as simple aswe integrate JUnit or TestNG in our Selenium Project. Similar way to use it. Steps are as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have used log4j for creation of log file. You can add log4j in your project. Need to download log4j.jar first&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To add in your selenium project by&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click on your project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Configure build path &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From library section, Add external jar file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the log4j.jar or provide path &amp;amp; Save&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For log4j, we need to add few line of code in log4j.properties file. Ready code you can refer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/tutorial-on-log4j-and-logexpert-with-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T06:35:32.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22007" CreationDate="2016-08-11T06:39:05.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@NarendaC: original post uses Selenium C# not Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@admin: Sorry, I cannot put a comment. Please move/remove if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T06:39:05.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22008" CreationDate="2016-08-11T07:03:13.130" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Completely agree with Yu. I would like to add few more points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When no ID available then you can go for Xpath and Css selectors. More strong solution I will suggest to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Relative xpath:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doesn't need to start from the root node. It starts with Double forward slash(//)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use combination of locators:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use combination of Name, linkText, className, partialLinkText, css etc to find elements more accurate &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid Absolute XPath:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantage is, if any thing goes wrong or some other tag added in between, then this path will no longer works&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T07:03:13.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18902" CreationDate="2016-08-11T07:19:04.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The snippet below is not for any particular mobile screen size. It is fetching the actual screen size each time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void scroller() throws IOException &#xA;{&#xA;      Dimension dimensions = ad.manage().window().getSize();&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Size of Window= &quot; +dimensions);&#xA;      int scrollStart = (int) (dimensions.getHeight() * 0.5);&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Size of scrollStart= &quot; +scrollStart);&#xA;      int scrollEnd = (int) (dimensions.getHeight() * 0.2);&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Size of cscrollEnd= &quot; + scrollEnd);             &#xA;      driver.swipe(0,scrollStart,0,scrollEnd,1000);           &#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Screen Swiped &quot; );&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T04:29:55.470" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T04:29:55.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22026" CreationDate="2016-08-11T09:21:16.407" Score="2" ViewCount="7318" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to automate the execution of a series of manual tests which require changes to configuration files to run an executable file and record the result of each test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering whether there are any open source tools that are being used by testers out there to carry out the tests in a distributed environment (master-slave). I had a look at top Google results like TestComplete. Any information on this would be hugely appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20786" LastEditorUserId="12416" LastEditDate="2017-01-16T18:27:44.870" LastActivityDate="2018-03-06T10:45:11.683" Title="Open source tools to automate manual testing a desktop application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6035" CreationDate="2016-08-11T12:07:20.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Users who read reviews for Ranorex compared it to HPE LeanFT. You can see user reviews for this and other alternatives here (note: you need to register to read more than one review.) &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itcentralstation.com/products/comparisons/hpe-leanft_vs_ranorex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.itcentralstation.com/products/comparisons/hpe-leanft_vs_ranorex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12889" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T14:49:15.300" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T14:49:15.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21994" CreationDate="2016-08-11T12:08:12.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the things I look at are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Standalone or Not&lt;/strong&gt; - test effort tends to be less if the new functionality is a standalone application rather than a new feature of an existing application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Internal Complexity&lt;/strong&gt; - Something that does a lot of things will generally need more time than something that does a few things.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edges and Integrations&lt;/strong&gt; - Something that has a single defined interface to integrate with existing functionality will be much simpler to test than something that is embedded into existing functionality. For example, it's simpler to add support for a new turnstile to an admission control application than it is to add a new admission rule because the turnstile communicates over a well-defined API where the admission rule has to be integrated into the application data storage, the system attendance counts, the point of sale system (to sell media with the new admission rule), the reporting system, and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Impact on Existing Functionality&lt;/strong&gt; - this is a little harder to gauge when you're not familiar with the existing functionality, but by looking through the information the developers have given as part of their estimates (which in a waterfall environment will typically be broken down with short descriptions of what they will be doing) you can get an idea of how much existing functionality needs to be regression-checked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I'm completely lost after going through this list, I'll use the half-dev-time estimation rule, but with a warning that it could prove to be very inaccurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T12:08:12.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22019" CreationDate="2016-08-11T22:24:44.010" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There's loads out there.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sikuli&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is pure graphical GUI testing. What you see is what you can manipulate. Allows both Python and JRuby scripting. Needs Java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;AutoIt&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is embedded into the Windows OS. Internally it uses a BASIC-like scripting language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Selenium&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a very popular tool for browser automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the above does not satisfy, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;here&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a list of test automation tools that also includes open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sikulix.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GUI_testing_tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-08-12T07:18:44.417" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T07:18:44.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22019" CreationDate="2016-08-11T23:13:32.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you aren't really looking to test an application's features itself, but a build process, yes? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know Python (or apparently it also supports Ruby or JavaScript), I'll second &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikulix.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SikuliX&lt;/a&gt;. You could use it to open your config file, modify it, run your executable, and probably validate stuff in the executable after that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's mainly picture (screenshot) based, but it can also do anything that Python itself can do as well. If you don't know a scripting language for Sikuli's fancy stuff, you can generically say &lt;code&gt;click(&amp;lt;picture of the file in Explorer&amp;gt;)&lt;/code&gt; for each step, but you may not get the most out of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11987" LastEditorUserId="11987" LastEditDate="2016-08-11T23:27:08.817" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T23:27:08.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22008" CreationDate="2016-08-11T23:19:53.413" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;xpath and CSS identifiers are sometimes harder to maintain, but also add some test functionality.  A broken CSS identifier may happen because an element moved when it shouldn't have, after all.  If a button moves out of a containing group, the page might still function, but the CSS applied to the button could be different.  If your application isn't undergoing current or frequent redesign, these identifiers should be fairly stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I had to have new identifiers (ID or class) on a new element, I used the following rules:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identifiers for testing started with qa-&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Never ever ever use the qa- identifiers outside the test scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a developer needed to address elements with a qa- identifier, they should replace that tag with something meaningful to the functionality/style they were adding, and let me know of the change. That way I could add/remove/change qa- identifiers without worrying about breaking anything. If they forgot to tell me of the change, tests would break, but it would be a pretty quick fix to identify the problem and adjust the tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We weren't doing continuous integration; if you are, you might need to adjust the rules around changing the identifiers to not break the build process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20796" LastActivityDate="2016-08-11T23:19:53.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12894" CreationDate="2016-08-12T02:50:12.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes!We should make negative test case be automation testcase.The keypoint is what we can do to make test case be automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create many negative case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using less time &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best solution is we can create a framework to automation creating negative test for our application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20798" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T02:50:12.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22030" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22031" CreationDate="2016-08-12T08:40:15.467" Score="1" ViewCount="491" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an App on Marshmallow Android. Observed a few weird behaviors. To confirm I wanted to find the exact steps to reproduce the issue. I am trying to clear the cache on Android version 6.0 i.e. Marshmallow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I clear the cache of the App particularly on Android Marshmallow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-08-12T18:48:52.760" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T03:48:26.757" Title="Android + Marshmallow 6.0 : How to clear cache of app on Android?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22030" CreationDate="2016-08-12T11:27:55.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.androidauthority.com/android-6-0-marshmallow-how-to-clear-app-data-and-cache-647355/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to clear app data and cache in Android 6.0 Marshmallow&lt;/a&gt; is slightly different from prior versions of Android:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the Settings menu either through your notification shade (drop-down) or through the Settings app in your app drawer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate down to “Apps”. This may be renamed to something like Applications or Application Manager in OEM skinned versions of Android 6.0.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once in there, click on an application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You’ll now see a list of stuff that gives you information about the app, including Storage, Permissions, Memory Use, and more. These are all clickable items. You’ll want to click on Storage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should now clearly see the Clear Data and Clear Cache buttons for the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Done!&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Xg8qm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Xg8qm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Reference:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.androidauthority.com/android-6-0-marshmallow-how-to-clear-app-data-and-cache-647355/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.androidauthority.com/android-6-0-marshmallow-how-to-clear-app-data-and-cache-647355/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T11:27:55.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9833" CreationDate="2016-08-12T13:34:01.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of &lt;code&gt;FileinputStream&lt;/code&gt; you can use @DataProvider iin TestNG.This annotation is useful in TestNG to perform DataDriven Testing as below .&#xA;You can get more details &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikishown.com/selenium-tutorials/data-driven-framework-with-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Identification of Excel file&#xA;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Cust_Reg&quot;)&#xA; public Object[][] CustRegistration() throws Exception&#xA; {&#xA; FileInputStream filepath = new FileInputStream(&quot;E:\\Automation_Testing\\Test_Data.xls&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(filepath);&#xA; Sheet sheet = wb.getSheet(&quot;Cust_Data&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;int row = sheet.getRows();&#xA; System.out.println(&quot;number of rows&quot;+row);&#xA; int column = sheet.getColumns();&#xA; System.out.println(&quot;number of columns&quot;+column);&#xA;String Testdata[][] = new String[row-1][column];&#xA;int count=0;&#xA;&#xA;for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt; row; i++)&#xA; {&#xA; for (int j = 0; j &amp;lt; column; j++)&#xA; {&#xA; Cell cell = sheet.getCell(j, i);&#xA; Testdata[count][j] = cell.getContents();&#xA; }&#xA;count++;&#xA;}&#xA; filepath.close();&#xA; return Testdata;&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pass the &lt;code&gt;@Dataprovider&lt;/code&gt; name in &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; method.it will execute easily&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15955" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T13:34:01.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21958" CreationDate="2016-08-12T18:01:07.963" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Getting the xpath for that is a bit more troublesome without seeing the html for the entire table and here's why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you have multiple &lt;code&gt;tr&lt;/code&gt; tags that have the same class with the row that you need: &lt;code&gt;class=&quot;h1 rowHighlight&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. Since the other rows are not expanded, the cells inside (&lt;code&gt;td&lt;/code&gt; tags) may have the same the same classes with the cell that you need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;going forward, in the row that you need there is only a single cell with &lt;code&gt;class=&quot;hoverElement&quot;&lt;/code&gt; but having in mind #1, the same may be present in other rows, especially since there are no &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;'s and classes are used for a more general purpose.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bullet-points, #1 and #2 are an assumption on the class names used in your HTML, that leads me to think that is some kind of financing application with different information for a specific account that may be displayed by hours, days, weeks, etc, leading to multiple links (&lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; tags) in your table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But because of this, those &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; tags can be your &quot;friend&quot; here so your best guess would be a combination of whatever you hope to have unique there, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//tr[@class='h1 rowHighligh']/td[@class='hoverElement']/a[contains(@class,'MediumSmallPopup-Small')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also make use of the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; tag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//tr[@class='h1 rowHighligh']/td[@class='hoverElement']/a[@href='your_link_from_the_page']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, if this still finds more than one element, you can combine the &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; tag's &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; attributes, especially since the &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; attribute is a compound one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//tr[@class='h1 rowHighligh']/td[@class='hoverElement']/a[contains(@class,'MediumSmallPopup-Small') and contains(@class,'cboxElement') and contains(@class,'firepath-matching-node') and @href='your_link_from_the_page']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this is not different than saying&#xA;&lt;code&gt;@class='MediumSmallPopup-Small cboxElement firepath-matching-node' and @href='your_link_from_the_page'&lt;/code&gt; but I've separated only for the case when you may have other &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; tags with the same conpund &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; and the same &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; (which is highly unlikely).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastActivityDate="2016-08-12T18:01:07.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22035" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-08-13T01:26:39.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mantis Bug Tracker is an open-source web-based issue tracking system - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mantisbt.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.mantisbt.org/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2016-08-15T18:09:15.540" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T18:09:15.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22036" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-08-13T01:26:39.283" Score="0" Body="Mantis Bug Tracker is an open-source web-based issue tracking system - https://www.mantisbt.org/." OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2016-08-15T18:09:10.307" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T18:09:10.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22037" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-08-13T01:29:50.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maven is an open source build management tool that is part of the Apache project - &lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://maven.apache.org/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2016-08-15T18:09:01.010" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T18:09:01.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22038" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-08-13T01:29:50.627" Score="0" Body="Maven is an open source build management tool that is part of the Apache project - https://maven.apache.org/." OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2016-08-15T18:09:03.523" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T18:09:03.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22039" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-08-13T01:32:43.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;AutoIt is a freeware automation tool for emulating keystrokes, mouse clicks and other Windows GUI interactions.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2016-08-15T18:09:12.900" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T18:09:12.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22040" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-08-13T01:32:43.407" Score="0" Body="AutoIt is a freeware automation tool for emulating keystrokes, mouse clicks and other Windows GUI interactions.  https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/" OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2016-08-15T18:09:07.070" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T18:09:07.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-13T05:05:41.130" Score="1" ViewCount="517" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the knowledge I have acquired while doing automation with other tools, I want to ask about specifics of doing that in Selenium (with Java). Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I remember watching a video on Junit where all the assert methods are wrapped up in a try block and an additional library is imported to make sure that a test fails, if an assert fails. How common is that approach?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Contrary to above, some say that you should never put assert methods in a try block. If you do that, running a java file will pass, even if an assert fails. Is doing this way also common?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you have many tests to run, is it common to sort returns of assert methods in an excel file and later run only those tests, where asserts return false?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you do continuous integration, it is important, from the way I understand, for a run to fail, if an assert method returns false. Otherwise, unfixed bugs will be deployed into production. Am I right and if so, how do you assure that that happens?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-14T13:59:29.570" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T18:38:38.480" Title="Java + Selenium : What all best practices are &amp; How to implement for executing test cases in Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22045" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-14T16:40:10.987" Score="1" ViewCount="3090" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to Validate Downloaded file after clicking on downloaded button/ link in chrome browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20815" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-15T13:47:49.417" LastActivityDate="2019-07-30T09:46:30.570" Title="Selenium + Chrome browser : How to Validate Downloaded file after clicking on downloaded button/ link using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-16T13:30:51.340" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22045" CreationDate="2016-08-14T22:34:00.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is not really clear, so I have to make a few assumptions here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are using selenium to automate your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You know how to access directories on your own PC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use selenium to click this download button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the file name that you want to download, say it is &quot;&lt;code&gt;chrome.exe&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Access the folder where you save your downloaded files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure there is no &quot;&lt;code&gt;chrome.exe&lt;/code&gt;&quot; previously saved, if there is one or more, you will need to delete them before you test starts OR use regular expression to locate the latest one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without much details, this is about as much as I can help you with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-14T22:34:00.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20489" CreationDate="2016-08-15T00:02:42.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look for a transparent overlay or lightbox. Even if the item allows clickthrough, chromedriver won't interact with an element if it's not the topmost layer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20796" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T00:02:42.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18315" CreationDate="2016-08-15T05:40:22.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ensure Edge starts with a blank page (I had it starting on google)!  In settings, select:-&#xA;'Open with' = 'New tab page'&#xA;'Open new tabs with' = 'A blank page' &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a workaround as OP points out, and I too think there is a defect within the Microsoft Webdriver2; but it works for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20818" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T05:40:22.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22049" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-15T07:02:23.727" Score="5" ViewCount="3722" Body="&lt;p&gt;I faced an interview and he said for n+1 testing. is this any term of testing? he also said for the Devops? Please Clarify these terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14860" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T07:57:33.180" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T07:23:39.820" Title="What is n+1 testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22049" CreationDate="2016-08-15T07:53:17.053" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N+1 Testing&lt;/strong&gt; (as quoted from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aptest.com/glossary.html&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A variation of Regression Testing. Testing conducted with multiple&#xA;  cycles in which errors found in test cycle N are resolved and the&#xA;  solution is retested in test cycle N+1. The cycles are typically&#xA;  repeated until the solution reaches a steady state and there are no&#xA;  errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DevOps&lt;/strong&gt; (as quoted from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DevOps&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In traditional functionally separated organizations there is rarely&#xA;  cross-departmental integration of these functions with IT operations.&#xA;  DevOps promotes a set of processes and methods for thinking about&#xA;  communication and collaboration between development, QA, and IT&#xA;  operations&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DevOps is one if the roles that is a great buzz-word and everyone defines it differently. For me personally DevOps means &quot;automate everything in your &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle&quot;&gt;SDLC&lt;/a&gt;&quot; to minizime human error and to optimize the release cycle and maintenance of your infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T07:53:17.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22049" CreationDate="2016-08-15T08:49:38.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my world devops are the people responsible for solving operations problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dev is there because there are multiple levels between the day to day technicians work and &quot;first responders&quot; that knows how to solve simple problems (reboot something is usually a good example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually we don't have dedicated devops people, it's just a duty the engineers share.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T08:49:38.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18670" CreationDate="2016-08-15T11:52:08.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say that the first thing you should do is research and pick the job you wish to have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this you should look over the job requirement topics and try to see how much you know and where you can improve + Find some tutorials/guides to look over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing you could do is too talk with some friends/ex colleagues that are in this field, maybe the same job but more senior and to talk with them and see how the things are done and what you need to know, in this way you will be also up to date with the latest tendencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following step would be to update your CV and or linkedin profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last thing is to apply for the job and to do your best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T11:52:08.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22045" CreationDate="2016-08-15T12:26:25.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is unclear what do you mean by &quot;Validate&quot;. If you are downloading a document and your target is to check its content the question is not related to Selenium as Selenium is &lt;strong&gt;browser&lt;/strong&gt; automation framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use Java client language you can consider i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://tika.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache Tika&lt;/a&gt; which &lt;a href=&quot;https://tika.apache.org/1.4/formats.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;supports a lot of file extensions and formats&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-extract-data-files-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;extract data from the downloaded document&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://tika.apache.org/1.8/examples.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Examples section&lt;/a&gt; to get started with Tika. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're using a different client language search for similar libraries to parse downloaded file and extract its content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T12:26:25.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22045" CreationDate="2016-08-15T14:12:57.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a digital signature of a valid file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After download get the signature of downloaded file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare the signatures. If they are the same the download is valid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fourmilab.ch/md5/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MD5 command line tool&lt;/a&gt; to create and compare the signatures.&#xA;The big con is that you need to update the signature if the file changes, possible you need a way to get a dynamic signature after processing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read this blog, which has a MD5 example: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ardesco.lazerycode.com/testing/webdriver/2012/07/25/how-to-download-files-with-selenium-and-why-you-shouldnt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://ardesco.lazerycode.com/testing/webdriver/2012/07/25/how-to-download-files-with-selenium-and-why-you-shouldnt.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2019-07-30T09:46:30.570" LastActivityDate="2019-07-30T09:46:30.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22056" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-15T15:53:36.737" Score="2" ViewCount="4894" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using latest version of chrome 53.0.2785.57 beta-m (64-bit). When I execute my test script, at a point of time when deleting a line item chrome default confirmation popup appears and test fails with following error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FAIL : &#xA;UnexpectedAlertPresentException: Alert Text: None&#xA;Message: unexpected alert open: {Alert text : Are you sure you want to delete this record?}&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=53.0.2785.57)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.21.371459 (36d3d07f660ff2bc1bf28a75d1cdabed0983e7c4),platform=Windows NT 10.0 x86_64)&#xA;&#xA;20160815 20:47:50.143 :  WARN : &#xA;Keyword 'Capture Page Screenshot' could not be run on failure: UnexpectedAlertPresentException: Alert Text: None&#xA;Message: unexpected alert open: {Alert text : Are you sure you want to delete this record?}&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=53.0.2785.57)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.21.371459 (36d3d07f660ff2bc1bf28a75d1cdabed0983e7c4),platform=Windows NT 10.0 x86_64)&#xA;&#xA;20160815 20:47:50.145 :  FAIL : &#xA;WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: cannot determine loading status&#xA;from unexpected alert open&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=53.0.2785.57)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.21.371459 (36d3d07f660ff2bc1bf28a75d1cdabed0983e7c4),platform=Windows NT 10.0 x86_64)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Delete popup appears as &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aRkRO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aRkRO.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20822" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T11:18:51.510" LastActivityDate="2019-03-18T08:15:19.363" Title="Automation halts when browser popup appears in chrome for robot framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22057" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22063" CreationDate="2016-08-15T17:34:04.757" Score="1" ViewCount="43" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say you're ready to start testing your functional requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it appropriate to do cross browser/device testing for each functional requirement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20824" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T21:25:36.720" Title="Is cross-device or cross-browswer testing part of functional testing?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-17T09:04:09.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22056" CreationDate="2016-08-15T17:50:30.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can add the keyword &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Choose%20Ok%20On%20Next%20Confirmation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Choose OK on Next Confirmation&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/doc/Selenium2Library.html#Choose%20Cancel%20On%20Next%20Confirmation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Choose Cancel on Next Confirmation&lt;/a&gt; to have the test dismiss the dialog. You would call this keyword right before calling the keyword that causes the dialog to appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T17:50:30.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21991" CreationDate="2016-08-15T19:55:59.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you could do is to change the browser and/or the selenium server version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try few combinations of selenium and the browser driver versions ans see which one is most stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have issues only in a certain section when clicking the button you could try to add a method to wait for the page to be loaded if needed and add an extra focus on the element before clicking it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case when this started to happen i updated the browser driver version and also the selenium version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T19:55:59.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22060" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-15T20:21:13.133" Score="1" ViewCount="839" Body="&lt;p&gt;While clicking the drop down, Selenium IDE records a selectWindow command as &lt;code&gt;SelectWindow=null&lt;/code&gt;. What is the equivalent code in webdriver/java ? I tried &lt;code&gt;driver.switchto.window(&quot;null&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; but on trying it I get &quot;no such window&quot; exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16771" LastEditorUserId="4430" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T11:18:58.197" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T11:18:58.197" Title="Select Window=Null equivalent in webdriver/java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6262" CreationDate="2016-08-15T21:04:28.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have the data sheets(xcel) outside the tests and into a share directory you can import any datasheet into any test then utilize the datatable methods, so you actually can use that same data in multiple tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20827" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T21:04:28.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22060" CreationDate="2016-08-15T21:17:45.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You mentioned &quot;the&quot; dropdown, without much details, I can not tell what happens exactly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does a window pop out?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does an alert pop out?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does a dropdown list expand?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you can do is to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before you click this button, execute something like &lt;code&gt;String Parent_Window = driver.getWindowHandle();&lt;/code&gt; this way, you can store your parent window handle in a string for later use. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click this button.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute &lt;code&gt;driver.getWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt;, this way, you will get a list of all active window handles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go through this window handle list, do what you want to do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without much further details, this is as much as I can help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T21:17:45.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22057" CreationDate="2016-08-15T21:25:36.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your specific requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Do your requirements demand cross browser / device testing?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some functional requirements do demand cross browser / device testing, e.g. an application needs to be logged in / out properly on all of its platforms.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some functional requirements do not demand cross browser / device testing, e.g. a legal claim link that will pop out after you click it (a very lame example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Which browsers are you thinking of?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are so many browsers / devices out there, you can not test all of them. Your application may specify a preferred browser / device, you can focus your testing effort on it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Do you have enough time to do it?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ideally, the more browser / devices you test, the better test coverage will be. But it all comes down to its time box, do you have enough time to finish all of them? You can check with your stakeholders / business owner to verify time constraint. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-15T21:25:36.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T01:07:19.907" Score="3" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am performing a research focused on the effects of rotation in software development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I'm interested in understand how developers, software engineers, testers, that is, all individuals participating in the software development process, see and feel about this practice of rotation among projects or teams, that many companies apply. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I was wondering, if someone around here has experienced this in his/her job. Like, you are in the middle of a project and the manager rotated you to another project. You had to leave your team, your tasks were assigned to another person and you start to work in a different project with a different team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to know how does it feel, like, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how was this experience? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How did it happen?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What were the positive aspects (good things that the rotation brought)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What were the negative aspects (bad things that the rotation brought)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How did it affect your performance at work?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How did it affect your previous team?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you see or what do you think about this process of rotation among different projects in the middle of the development?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am very thankful in advance for all the answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20829" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T11:18:05.273" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T11:18:05.273" Title="What are the effects of rotating of professionals among different projects during software development?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-08-17T09:04:17.030" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22065" CreationDate="2016-08-16T01:27:03.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How was this experience?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It was a very positive experience for me and I personally liked it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I met lots of dev and testers from other departments and got to learn lots of more.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did it happen?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The company I was working for was losing lots of money and had to cut its budget. Instead of having everyone assigned to a certain project or team, we were reformed into various tribes, that is a group of dev, business analysts and testers working on a release; after the release, we would be re-assigned into other tribes working on something different. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What were the positive aspects (good things that the rotation brought)?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Met lots of new people&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learned more&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;More productive than before&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Everyone was more active overall&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Everyone was happier than before&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Myth is: some people say rotating people around reduce proficiency, but it actually increases it from what I have seen. The reason might have been people were more engaged and more willing to commit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What were the negative aspects (bad things that the rotation brought)?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You hardly got time to know someone well&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There was once I asked someone to help me, she made a promise and forgot about it; my work was seriously delayed by this. Having little personal connection between us might have contributed to this.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did it affect your performance at work?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Overall positively&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did it affect your previous team?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Previous team was no longer in existence, so it does not apply.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you see or what do you think about this process of rotation among different projects in the middle of the development?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is &lt;strong&gt;FOR&lt;/strong&gt; it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Having someone stays in a role all the time does not increase proficiency, instead this person may get bored.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rotating people around eliminate idle employees, people have to be on the move constantly. I prefer a fast-paced working environment than a slow one.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have turned into a contractor since I left my previous employers, now I rotate among different customers; I continue to meet different people and get to learn different testing tools and environments they use. Moreover, it is inevitable to play multi-role in an Agile cross-functional team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T03:06:10.103" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T03:06:10.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22068" CreationDate="2016-08-16T04:47:57.913" Score="0" ViewCount="16436" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a dropdown and a button on a web page.please suggest how to verify if a WebElement(Button,Dropdown) is enabled Using TestNG framework? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;one more thing when we work on TestNG we have to use assert in order to get the status of the test case. so if i want to know whether button is enabled.can i use assert here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17212" LastEditorUserId="17212" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T03:04:23.747" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T03:04:23.747" Title="How to verify if a WebElement(Button,Dropdown) is enabled Using TestNG?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22067" CreationDate="2016-08-16T05:28:09.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   elem = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;myId&quot;)&#xA;if elem.is_enabled():&#xA;    elem.click()&#xA;else:&#xA;    pass # whatever logic to handle...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For DropDown &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Boolean dropdownPresent = driver.findElement(&quot;YOUR LOCATOR OF DROPDOWN&quot;).isDisplayed();&#xA;&#xA;        if(dropdownPresent==true)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Dropdown is appearing&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        else{&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Dropdown is not appearing&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver has a W3C specification that details out the information about the different visibility preferences based out on the types of the web elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; is the method used to verify presence of a web element within the webpage. The method returns a “true” value if the specified web element is present on the web page and a “false” value if the web element is not present on the web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; is capable to check for the presence of all kinds of web elements available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt; is the method used to verify if the web element is enabled or disabled within the webpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt; is primarily used with buttons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;isSelected()&lt;/code&gt; is the method used to verify if the web element is selected or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;isSelected()&lt;/code&gt; method is pre-dominantly used with radio buttons, drop downs and checkboxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for more understanding check this link&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14156656/how-to-verify-element-present-or-visible-in-selenium-2-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14156656/how-to-verify-element-present-or-visible-in-selenium-2-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T07:07:35.527" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22070" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T07:13:57.263" Score="2" ViewCount="4575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on distributed &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run my tests during working hours it fails for 50 users with ramp up of 5 seconds. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I ran the same test when everyone left the office after working hours, it worked perfectly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question here is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to tell from where I didn't get the correct response? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it from my server? Or the server where the application is hosted?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T08:10:57.577" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T12:49:50.850" Title="JMeter: How to know where my JMeter test results fails? Is it from my server? Or the server which has an application?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22073" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T11:10:11.217" Score="-2" ViewCount="3871" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using excel selenium to scrape some information from pages with lots of images. Is it possible to make the browser don't load the images of the page? So it  could be more faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20837" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T13:20:06.550" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T14:31:12.057" Title="Is it possible to restrict images from loading using selenium web-driver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-08-09T04:58:13.470" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16527" CreationDate="2016-08-16T11:33:06.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess this is using AngularJS and select2. If yes, there are 2 ways&#xA;1. Click on the dropdown, then search the value you need&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;mySelect.Click();&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;selectSearchBox.Sendkey(searchBox,&quot;Shanghai&quot;);&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using JS to enable/display the dropdown as @Joern Boegeholz commen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;driver.execute_script(&quot;$('select.cities').removeAttr('disabled')&quot;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T11:33:06.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22075" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T11:55:18.257" Score="4" ViewCount="30721" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElement(By.xpath(&quot;path&quot;), &quot;Text&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above command executes successfully  only if the text in the locator is exactly same as &quot;Text&quot; but fails when the text in the locator is Case Insensitive . For Example Found text is &quot;TEXT&quot; or &quot;tEXT&quot; or etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want my condition to compare it ignoring case sensitive. Any suggestions... please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19032" LastEditorUserId="21451" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T07:38:02.803" LastActivityDate="2020-10-14T09:16:44.340" Title="How to wait until for &quot;particular text&quot; is present that to using insensitive/Ignore case?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3110" CreationDate="2016-08-16T13:20:03.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My 2 cents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code Coverage&lt;/strong&gt; means the ratio of non-test code run by automated tests. Every line of code or instruction that was somehow evaluated and run counts towards this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Coverage&lt;/strong&gt; means the ratio of logically tested behaviour. &quot;Behaviour&quot; in this case means everything a method is supposed to do according to its description: validate and react to wrong inputs, return the expected result for all correct inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider a method &lt;code&gt;add(a, b)&lt;/code&gt; which is supposed to add up two numbers and return the sum. Now consider a test that calls the method with two positive numbers, but only looks for errors and does not check the logical outcome. This would probably mean 100% code coverage (whole method was run) but much less test coverage, since the method was tested only against one misbehaviour: erroring out on correct input. Neither the result was tested with different inputs, nor were wrong/unexpected inputs tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20841" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T13:20:03.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22073" CreationDate="2016-08-16T14:31:12.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, that is possible for an example see this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7157994/do-not-want-images-to-load-and-css-to-render-on-firefox-in-selenium-webdriver-te&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7157994/do-not-want-images-to-load-and-css-to-render-on-firefox-in-selenium-webdriver-te&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if Selenium is the right &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_crawler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;crawler&lt;/a&gt; to get text from a website.&#xA;If you need to crawl dynamic sites than a headless browser like PhantomJS will be much faster: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sitepoint.com/web-crawling-node-phantomjs-horseman/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.sitepoint.com/web-crawling-node-phantomjs-horseman/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the site is static plain http crawlers will be even faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T14:31:12.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22079" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T14:51:22.720" Score="1" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;https://poi.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache POI&lt;/a&gt; for excel operation. I'm able to print what exception it is in excel by writing a print statement in that particular catch() block.&#xA;But I also want the reason for that exception..like if there is elementNotFoundException....then it should show particular ID/xpath/...is not found.&#xA;So, if this is possible, then how to do this ??&#xA;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19498" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-08-16T15:19:32.957" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T10:44:45.467" Title="To write the reason for exception in excel" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22081" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T15:34:34.400" Score="1" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a script where I'm calling all the necessary test cases. Appium is generating its own logs, which I can store in a text file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the problem is that the logs for all the scripts are in one log file and I want to separate it for each individual script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that possible in Appium? f you how to I go about it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19498" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T05:49:25.850" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T05:49:25.850" Title="How can we separate logs in Appium for each test script?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22041" CreationDate="2016-08-16T18:22:24.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best of my knowledge, sharing answers hope it will help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes. &lt;strong&gt;Assert failure should fail test case too.&lt;/strong&gt; I'm keeping same practice and even many documents pointing towards this practice. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I will suggest we should &lt;strong&gt;avoid repetitive use of same Assertion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, I have different opinion. We should use assertion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assertion -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;If condition failed, program explicitly gets terminated.&lt;/strong&gt; This is the power and if fails we can figure something is not working as expected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer 3:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its &lt;strong&gt;possible to re-run only those tests which get failed using TextNG&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/21925/rerun-failed-tests-with-testng&quot;&gt;Check this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer 4:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous Integration, used to execute our tests continuously&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;run to fail&quot; is it really? I think we &lt;strong&gt;execute test to confirm that it gets pass means everything is working fine &amp;amp; as expected&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As mentioned above, Assert has power to restrict and terminate execution if condition fails&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Due to this we always ensure that unfixed bugs must not be deployed into production [Automation is not a replacement to manual testing for deployment of application] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T18:38:38.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22081" CreationDate="2016-08-16T18:43:00.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dinesh - I think this will not be a good practice.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Do we really need separate log file?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why we generate log file?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We should able to track and analyze activity created by automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If needed some times that followed path give more detail information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This goal can be achieved by single log file.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T18:43:00.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22079" CreationDate="2016-08-16T18:49:06.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great, &lt;strong&gt;When you are able to print stack stress or particular catch block() you will get particular ID/Xpath which is not found&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You just need to again &lt;strong&gt;add smartness using that print statement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find all exception and accordingly you can write method&lt;/strong&gt; as you wanted particular ID,XPATH or name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T18:49:06.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22075" CreationDate="2016-08-16T19:20:45.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can achieve your goal by converting text into small case first before comparing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you are using Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpathString = &quot;ABC&quot;&#xA;newXpathString = (xpathString.lower()) //newXpathString = 'abc'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your new script logic flow will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Convert TEXT, tEXT into text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write your xpath expression with newly converted strings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there IS a logical flaw here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xpath expression is supposed to be UNIQUE, converting texts into lower case would eliminate uniquess of a string; not to mention you are adding more lines to your code, why would you want to do this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T19:20:45.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14320" CreationDate="2016-08-16T19:35:00.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to add the JDBC driver classpath to the dependencies pulled from the repo. The problem is that your JMeter build from Maven is missing the JDBC driver, pulling it in via Maven should fix that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastActivityDate="2016-08-16T19:35:00.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T20:54:16.363" Score="1" ViewCount="1600" Body="&lt;p&gt;From jmeter I am trying get URL &lt;a href=&quot;http://dot4ap-mms-cr:8080/fms/Kernel/w_login.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://dot4ap-mms-cr:8080/fms/Kernel/w_login.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I have this error: Expected closing bracket for IPv6 address at index 28&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Somebody can give a help please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20846" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T12:55:32.510" Title="Expected closing bracket for IPv6 address at index 28" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-22T04:50:39.587" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22090" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-16T22:12:48.353" Score="3" ViewCount="731" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a csv test data file with 50+ test data in it. I want my JUnit test to process these 50+ test data in parallel than serially. How can we do that? Is there a framework that can do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Junit test:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;@FileParameters(value = &quot;classpath:csvFileName.csv&quot;, mapper = CsvWithHeaderMapper.class)&#xA;public void testData(parameters)&#xA;{&#xA;  //code to test&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20847" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T08:48:00.620" LastActivityDate="2020-05-21T09:01:45.180" Title="Running Junit test parallely with csv test data" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22091" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-17T04:07:36.393" Score="1" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to handle  the drop down by using  selenium RC. While I am automating Gmail  registration page the birthday section giving error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17671" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T13:31:00.387" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T13:31:00.387" Title="Selenium RC : How to handle drop down list while automating?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22091" CreationDate="2016-08-17T04:21:13.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to show us:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTML code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your error message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I assume you are talking about Month dropdown list from Gmail registration?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I can see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Month dropdown list, you can click to open it by using &lt;code&gt;span id = &quot;BirthMonth&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After this list is expanded, you can get a list of items by using &lt;code&gt;div class = &quot;goog-menu goog-menu-vertical&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, looking for its child elements &lt;code&gt;div class = &quot;goog-menuitem&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, each &lt;code&gt;div class = &quot;goog-menuitem&quot;&lt;/code&gt; represents a month respectively.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T04:21:13.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22093" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22109" CreationDate="2016-08-17T04:56:09.660" Score="6" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have had a bit of ongoing debate and discussion with the developers on my team about the amount of information expected when a developer completes work on a ticket and passes it to QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are an agile shop (we've used scrum, kanban, and hybrids of the two) with a typical team ratio of one QA resource per four developers (and the Technical Owner, who usually contributes about half the code of a full time dev). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My argument is that when we are fully staffed with developers, it is trivially easy for the test queue to get backed up. If there is insufficient documentation provided in the ticket when it moves into Ready-For-Test, I have to either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find the developer and get verbal clarification. typically easy, but if someone is working from home or out, it can cause delays.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go into git to see if there is documentation there, and if not, try to read the source code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to find notes in code review tool to learn what was done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Items 2 and 3 are tools that I don't use often (and have varying levels of access), so I'm stumbling around in them. Often the code review doesn't have anything more than a Pass/Fail assessment, so I don't learn anything from them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the time, things run smoothly, and when I need to talk to a developer, I can find him and learn what was implemented and how to approach my testing. But when that is not the case, I think that comments in jira (beyond &quot;Done, ready for test&quot;, or similar) are a reasonable request and should be expected. I get a lot of push back from dev that they have already documented their work in other tools and shouldn't be asked to add anything in jira. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, what level of documentation or comments within Jira (or any other issue tracking tool) does QA expect when dev completes their work on a ticket?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2606" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T03:13:01.467" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T03:13:01.467" Title="What is normal communication when a developer moves a ticket to Ready for Test?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;jira&gt;&lt;communication&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22094" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22173" CreationDate="2016-08-17T05:38:23.497" Score="1" ViewCount="3301" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to handle recovery scenario in my framework. In this framework I want to create some methods which work after catching exception. So that I can easily come back on the normal stage from any of the damaged situation during the  execution of my script? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is an eCommerce application share some scenario according to application from where i can put my recovery scenarios methods?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share some example as well so that I can easily understand&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T11:27:47.627" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T09:14:21.530" Title="What are the recovery scenario for Selenium Framework?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-23T06:41:11.680" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3499" CreationDate="2016-08-17T06:48:57.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case someone finds this useful this is what I use in Selenium IDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;window.scrollBy(0,500)&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can vary the vertical value ie 500, to go further down the page.. I believe the horizontal value ie 0 could also be useful.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12301" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T06:48:57.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22093" CreationDate="2016-08-17T07:36:40.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the response ideally we should verify below details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect status:&lt;/strong&gt; Resolved/Rejected/Won't Fix/Ready To Test&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Comments[ of Developer]:&lt;/strong&gt; What he/she has exactly fixed/changed and if particular  condition he/she wants to specify to test thoroughly&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Version:&lt;/strong&gt; Commit version[Fixed under]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can easily proceed to bake new build &amp;amp; use to test !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T07:36:40.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22093" CreationDate="2016-08-17T08:31:22.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Documenting everything in Jira is a possible waste. Everyone in the team should already understand what is expected to get the user story &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/done_done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DoneDone&lt;/a&gt;, this includes all testing. If you do not know what and how to test I would question your current proces, not the level of documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agilish teams should focus on testing before or in parallel and not at the end. The LESS framework has a great read about &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;thinking about testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How to achieve test independence in spirit without separating testing?&#xA;  By writing tests before implementing code . The test cannot be&#xA;  influenced by the implementation, because it does not exist yet. This&#xA;  way, test-driven development achieves the spirit of independence&#xA;  without separation of departments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing tests a soon as possible should greatly help you to having enough information how to finalize the testing efforts when &quot;coding&quot; is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current team starts each user story with two tasks before any code is created:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design &amp;amp; Architecture discussions (read &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/architecture-design.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing a test plan for user story&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often the sessions are done with two people and the outcome is shared with the full-team to get final feedback. With this information we create tasks and all start working to complete this user story in parallel. As a dedicated tester now would be the time to start on automated integration and functional tests or giving the testplan more details like more boundary cases. By working in parallel on the same task we prevent all user stories to be coding done and not 100% finished at the end of the iteration. Be sure to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allaboutagile.com/avoiding-mini-waterfalls/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;prevent mini-waterfalls&lt;/a&gt; during your iteration, because this probably leads to QA taking shortcuts to get stuff into production as committed, since you do not have enough time to test everything. Or it leads to testing done the next iteration.... :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user story testplan currently consists of the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Happy path test-cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance test-cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing session&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risk assessment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aimed automated test coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability tests if applicable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thinking about performance needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thinking about security needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We try to cover the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile testing quadrants&lt;/a&gt; and think upfront what we would like to test. Being an Agile tester is not about doing all the test work at the end, but to make sure the team uses and implements testing practices to make high quality maintainable and extendable software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other must reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/agile-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile testing book&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Technical Excellence&lt;/a&gt; pages of the LESS framework (covers most Agile testing practises)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T17:02:15.360" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T17:02:15.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22099" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-17T09:39:35.003" Score="0" ViewCount="2096" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to assert all ids in the list with for loop, my code is not working:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;list = [&quot;'block-views-news_of_the_day-block_1'&quot;, &quot;'views_slideshow_singleframe_main_carousal_new_block-block_1-2'&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;'block-views-recent_contents-block_1'&quot;,&quot;'block-views-recent_contents-block_2'&quot;,&quot;'block-views-home_page_events-block_1'&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;'const-cont-home&quot;,&quot;block-block-13'&quot;, &quot;'block-block-58'&quot;]&#xA;&#xA;for x in list:&#xA;self.assertTrue(self.driver.find_element_by_id(x))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):   File&#xA;  &quot;C:\Users\xxxxx\xxxxx\Selenium Scripts\xxxr\TestCases.py&quot;, line 50, in&#xA;  test_flush_cache&#xA;      self.assertTrue(self.driver.find_element_by_id(x))&lt;br&gt;   File &quot;C:\Program Files&#xA;  (x86)\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 266, in find_element_by_id &#xA;      return self.find_element(by=By.ID, value=id_)&lt;br&gt;   File &quot;C:\Program Files&#xA;  (x86)\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 744, in find_element&#xA;      {'using': by, 'value': value})['value'] &lt;br&gt;   File &quot;C:\Program Files&#xA;  (x86)\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 233, in execute&#xA;      self.error_handler.check_response(response) &lt;br&gt;   File &quot;C:\Program Files&#xA;  (x86)\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 194, in check_response&#xA;      raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace) &lt;br&gt; selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: Unable to&#xA;  locate element:&#xA;  {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;id&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;'block-views-news_of_the_day-block_1'&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20816" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T10:33:02.920" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T17:02:28.987" Title="Assert multiple Id's using for loop in selenium and python" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22079" CreationDate="2016-08-17T10:44:45.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can write following thing in your catch statement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;...&#xA;...&#xA;// Your code&#xA;} catch (Exception | AssertionError error) {&#xA;.....&#xA;.....&#xA;// Your code&#xA;throw error;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we are catching 2 types of exceptions &lt;code&gt;Exception&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;AssertionError&lt;/code&gt; that error gets stored in error variable and we are throwing the error which was caught after all your actions are performed in catch block&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T10:44:45.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22075" CreationDate="2016-08-17T10:52:11.733" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;h3&gt;We have simple simple solution for this&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Either you can convert your Expected variable and Actual variable to Lowercase or Uppercase before asserting them, so your code should like below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String expectedValue = &quot;abcd&quot;;&#xA;String actualValue = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;your xpath&quot;)).getText().toLowerCase()&#xA;&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElement(By.xpath(&quot;path&quot;), actualValue));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T10:52:11.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22103" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22106" CreationDate="2016-08-17T11:24:09.047" Score="1" ViewCount="3401" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the sample:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement LoginLabel = driver.findElement(location);&#xA;assert LoginLabel.getAttribute(&quot;textContent&quot;).equals(&quot;Login ID&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above code fails while asserting but when I try to print the textContent, Eclipse console shows only &lt;strong&gt;Login ID&lt;/strong&gt; (which is expected).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement LoginLabel = driver.findElement(location);&#xA;String S = LoginLabel.getAttribute(&quot;textContent&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(S);&#xA;assert LoginLabel.getAttribute(&quot;textContent&quot;).equals(&quot;Login ID&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is throwing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;java.lang.AssertionError&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while executing last line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test case successfully running when I use 'contains'. as shown below &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assert LoginLabel.getAttribute(&quot;textContent&quot;).contains(&quot;Login ID&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between contains and equals here. Is it fine to use contains or Am I missing something. Please help me with this. I am new to selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14849" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-08-17T11:41:44.400" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T13:55:23.410" Title="[Selenium]getAttribute using &quot;textContent&quot; - assertion fails when 'equals' is used but works when 'contains' is used" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22089" CreationDate="2016-08-17T12:55:32.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't put the whole URL into &quot;Server Name or IP&quot; box. It's better to configure your &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Sampler&lt;/a&gt; as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server Name or IP: &lt;code&gt;dot4ap-mms-cr&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Port Number: &lt;code&gt;8080&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Protocol: &lt;code&gt;http&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Path: &lt;code&gt;/fms/Kernel/w_login.jsp&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/85xoA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/85xoA.png&quot; alt=&quot;HTTP Request Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the most recent JMeter versions i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/5-key-things-you-need-know-about-jmeter-30&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter 3.0&lt;/a&gt; you can put the whole URL into &lt;code&gt;Path&lt;/code&gt; input like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ng6jZ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ng6jZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;HTTP Request Path Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't really like this approach, and prefer using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T12:55:32.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22105" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-17T13:50:26.493" Score="1" ViewCount="1279" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to perform a GET of an object on S3 storage using ReadyAPI (or SoapUI).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/RESTObjectGET.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is the documentation for how it is done&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to make the request I require a &quot;signature&quot; to be generated.  How can this be done within the ReadyAPI suite itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;p.s. The AWS API plugin &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SmartBear/ready-aws-plugin/issues/3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;doesn't currently function for my region&lt;/a&gt; (eu-west-1) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T06:01:18.543" Title="How do you generate an AWS Signature in ReadyAPI/SoapUI" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;readyapi&gt;&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22103" CreationDate="2016-08-17T13:55:23.410" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Obviously, label contains some extra characters beyond &quot;Login ID&quot;. Could be spaces. Print it out to find out what it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your problem is (IMHO) not being new to Selenium but being new to programming in general. No worries, with time you will develop good judgement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As they say: &quot;To avoid mistakes you need good judgement. Good judgement comes from experience. Experience comes from making a lot of mistakes&quot;. :-) So you are on your way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T13:55:23.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22093" CreationDate="2016-08-17T14:21:49.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Definition of done&quot; should include that every &quot;done&quot; bug has a test plan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such test plan could include the steps to replicate original bug, and any other steps to test any other functionality which might be affected by the changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If test plan is missing, bug is not done yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T14:21:49.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22093" CreationDate="2016-08-17T14:47:21.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there is adequate documentation of the work the dev team has done in a another tool, then I would try to get access to that tool and work off of that.  However, if you still aren't able to gain the needed information, you should standardize what is included when a task is moved to Ready to Test.  This could be a note in the Jira, link to notes from another source, test plan, or anything else that has enough information for you to do your job quickly and thoroughly.  You are just as much a member of the team as they are, and if you need them to supply you with more/better information they should be willing to do a little extra work (should be pretty minimal, generally).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T14:47:21.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22110" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-17T16:43:26.407" Score="3" ViewCount="11873" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to Load test on the link:&lt;a href=&quot;http://[dot4ap-mms-cr:8080/fms/Kernel/w_login.jsp]/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://[dot4ap-mms-cr:8080/fms/Kernel/w_login.jsp]/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and getting this error message: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expected closing bracket for IPv6 address at index 28&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please could you help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tuti&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20846" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T07:20:14.863" Title="Jmeter Expected closing bracket for IPv6 address at index 28" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-17T21:19:34.890" Score="2" ViewCount="439" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was confused with IntelliJ, but after watching videos I see that it is an IDE, just like Eclipse. It looks somewhat similar to Eclipse, but when do people set their choice on Eclipse and when on IntelliJ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that it may have to do with the framework that you use. For example, Java is compatible with Eclipse, but C# is not, as far as I know. Are there any other factors when deciding on IDE?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T06:06:42.343" Title="Selenium with IntelliJ" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22113" CreationDate="2016-08-17T21:37:25.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a personal preference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find out more information about IntelliJ and Eclipse here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/why-idea-better-eclipse&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Why IDEA is better?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jaxenter.com/eclipse-netbeans-or-intellij-which-is-the-best-java-ide-107980.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eclipse, NetBeans or IntelliJ: Which is the best Java IDE?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/21987/how-is-intellij-better-than-eclipse&quot;&gt;How is IntelliJ better&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/239732/things-possible-in-intellij-that-arent-possible-in-eclipse&quot;&gt;Things possible in IntelliJ but not possible in Eclipse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to program in C#, simply get Microsoft Visual Studio Community Version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T21:37:25.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18244" CreationDate="2016-08-17T21:46:01.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was running into the same problem, and I got it to work by adding the cookies with javascript.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) getDriver();&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;document.cookie = \&quot;cookieName=cookieValue;path=/;domain=www.bbc.com\&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running PhantomJS version 2.1.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20875" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T21:46:01.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22070" CreationDate="2016-08-17T23:36:08.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add a listener such as 'View Results Tree' and configure it to only log errors. You can then see what the exact response was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the logs for the application under test to see if it threw any exceptions around the timeframe you saw the failures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-08-17T23:36:08.203" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22117" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-18T02:35:18.750" Score="-2" ViewCount="593" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; wait1 = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver)&#xA;                .withTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;                .pollingEvery(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;                .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement clickSeleniumLink = wait1.until(new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, WebElement&amp;gt; ()&#xA;        {&#xA;            public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver){&#xA;                return driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id = 'java_technologies']/li[3]/a&quot;));&#xA;            }   &#xA;        });&#xA;        clickSeleniumLink.click();&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20876" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T19:26:59.590" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T19:26:59.590" Title="Getting until exception in FluentWait try every solution does not work please help" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-03T11:22:25.630" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17506" CreationDate="2016-08-18T05:11:06.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main difference it that requirements are what has been &lt;strong&gt;written down&lt;/strong&gt; in the requirements documents, both the top level requirements document as supplied by the &lt;em&gt;customer&lt;/em&gt; and in the derived requirements documents generated during the development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does indeed differ from stated and implied needs in that there may well be implied &lt;strong&gt;needs&lt;/strong&gt; that never got translated into &lt;strong&gt;requirements&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. never got written down because they were considered too obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the requirement &quot;Given the input values of mass and height released from calculate the impact velocity at ground level allowing for atmospheric drag for a spherical object&quot;.  This would probably have derived &lt;strong&gt;requirements&lt;/strong&gt; specifying the formula(s) to be used.  However, unless the people deriving the requirements were very thorough, there might not be a &lt;strong&gt;requirement&lt;/strong&gt; for the code not to crash if a negative altitude or mass were entered but there would be an &lt;strong&gt;implied need or expectation&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So ISO 25000 SQ specifically states that implied needs should be tested while ISO 9000:2005 states that requirements must be tested and expects that such needs will make it into the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastEditorUserId="5641" LastEditDate="2016-08-18T05:17:12.897" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T05:17:12.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22113" CreationDate="2016-08-18T06:06:42.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Eclipse and Intellij(Community Edition) are open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intellij refactoring support is better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IntelliJ IDEA is way powerful than Eclipse, It has the best autocomplete (intellisense). Its better to play with both and compare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for C# you have to use Visual Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19805614/eclipse-or-intellij-idea-for-selenium-webdriver-java&quot;&gt;This question asked before&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T06:06:42.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22117" CreationDate="2016-08-18T06:14:12.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this Generic function &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void FluentWait(String XpathKey) {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; fluentWait = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver)&#xA;                        .withTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS).pollingEvery(3,&#xA;                                TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;                fluentWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By&#xA;                        .xpath(OR.getProperty(XpathKey))));&#xA;            } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Fluent wait failed due to = &quot; + e.getMessage());&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T06:14:12.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22122" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-18T11:59:12.377" Score="1" ViewCount="525" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to locate the element using Reject from the below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span ng-click=&quot;moderatePost(post,'R')&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;i class=&quot;icon-delete-cross f-s-20 show-hide&quot;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;    Reject                       &#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using &lt;code&gt;//*[contains(text(),'Reject')]&lt;/code&gt; but it could not locate the element. Please advise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20882" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T20:28:16.313" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T23:19:20.697" Title="Not being able to locate an element using contains() in xpath" Tags="&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;firebug&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1941" CreationDate="2016-08-18T12:07:43.777" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Python, using selenium webdriver for Chrome, I needed to call &lt;code&gt;stop_client()&lt;/code&gt; before &lt;code&gt;close()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in setUp():&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options = webdriver.chrome.options.Options()&#xA;options.add_argument(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;) # optional and off-topic, but it conveniently prevents the popup 'Disable developer mode extensions' &#xA;self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In tearDown():&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.driver.stop_client()&#xA;self.driver.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20883" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T12:07:43.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1941" CreationDate="2016-08-18T12:34:52.127" Score="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; are two different methods for closing the browser session in Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt; - It closes the the browser window on which the focus is set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; – It basically calls driver.dispose method which in turn closes all the browser windows and ends the WebDriver session gracefully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should use &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; whenever you want to end the program. It will close all opened browser window and terminates the WebDriver session. If you do not use &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; at the end of program, WebDriver session will not close properly and files would not be cleared off memory. This may result in memory leak errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastEditorUserId="30273" LastEditDate="2020-09-30T09:27:55.877" LastActivityDate="2020-09-30T09:27:55.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22122" CreationDate="2016-08-18T14:41:57.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;contains() -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Very useful, when we wanted to search with substring of available text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Below is the example how to implement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//label[contains(@id,'id_of_an_element')]&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T12:53:10.880" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T12:53:10.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22110" CreationDate="2016-08-18T14:50:28.823" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Never put the whole URL into &quot;Server Name or IP&quot; input. It's better to configure &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Sampler&lt;/a&gt; as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server Name or IP: &lt;code&gt;dot4ap-mms-cr&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Port Number: &lt;code&gt;8080&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Protocol: &lt;code&gt;http&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Path: &lt;code&gt;/fms/Kernel/w_login.jsp&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/85xoA.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/85xoA.png&quot; alt=&quot;HTTP Request Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the most recent JMeter versions (2.13  and 3.0) you can put the whole URL into &lt;code&gt;Path&lt;/code&gt; input like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ng6jZ.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ng6jZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;HTTP Request Path Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The recommended way of setting up application under test host, port and protocol is via &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/why-its-so-important-use-jmeters-http-request-defaults&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt; configuration element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T14:50:28.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12307" CreationDate="2016-08-18T18:50:09.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I downloaded this ebook which I have found very useful for an introduction to automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abstracta.us/2016/05/31/ebook-complete-introduction-to-functional-test-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.abstracta.us/2016/05/31/ebook-complete-introduction-to-functional-test-automation/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20893" LastActivityDate="2016-08-18T18:50:09.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-19T06:38:12.863" Score="0" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have few questions over JMeter-distributed testing,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should network configuration be same for the server where application resides and my server where I am running distributed JMeter tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have 1 master and 2 slaves, how to see which thread is running on which slave?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T06:51:24.203" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T14:12:00.410" Title="How network configuration effects responce time in JMeter-distributed testing?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22070" CreationDate="2016-08-19T06:48:38.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like you said in the comment above, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have 50 users (employees) on the same network as you and are accessing the same server as the one hosting your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Out of these 50 at least 10 are trying to access the same application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, here is what I think you should do,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During your work hours when all your staff is working run the same script with thread count of 50 users. While the test is running in JMeter, try to open the same link in a browser on your system. Does the website return any server error? If yes, the server is not able to handle the load and chokes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now when your test completes execution, again try to access the website in your browser. If it opens, then definitely the problem is server not able to handle the load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now about after work hours,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once all the employees have left the office your test for 50 users works fine. Now increase the load gradually. Try 100 users. If it works fine try 150 or 200 users and so on. If the tests start to generate error. Adjust the load by decreasing the number of users and run again. Adjust the load till you find the point where the your tests start to fail. If the numbers match with that when you run your tests during work hours, then you know that the server chokes at a certain load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the numbers don't match, then you should be checking to see the Network I/O and see if your network chokes when there are a certain number of system generating load. This will tell you whether the outbound requests are failing on your network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T06:48:38.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22130" CreationDate="2016-08-19T07:13:24.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1) Should network configuration be same for the server where application resides and my server where I am running distributed JMeter tests?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. Not Really. Your application may be running on Linux and you can be executing your JMeter test scripts from a windows system. You don't require any server like APACHE or TOMCAT to execute your tests but you do require one to host your application. So the system on which your are executing tests need not have same configurations as your target system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do require that in a distributed testing environment all your master and slave systems are running on the same O.S. This has something to do with JMeter's internal configuration for communication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your target system(server) is not your live system but rather a test server where you test your applications before shipping them live, then it would be really good if the test server configuration is the same as that of the live server. You can only may the test environment as similar to the live environment as possible so that you can testin a close to actual scenario/condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2) I have 1 master and 2 slaves, how to see which thread is running on which slave?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you can do here is, add a listener to your test plan and configure it to write results to a file. Now when you execute your test script, it should be generating 2 result files. If the result file has not be created on the Master system itself, you might need to get it from the Slave system. Now open that result file in any listener to study the results for that slave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also try giving a dynamic name to the thread group. You can try and add the dynamic group name like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__machineName()}_&amp;lt;custom thread group name here&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__machineName()}&lt;/code&gt; should add the name of the Slave system in the thread name displaying in the results in your Listener. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you can also use &lt;code&gt;${__machineIP()}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg., In the Summary Report Listener select the &quot;Include group name in label?&quot; option before the &quot;Save Table Data&quot; button at the bottom of &quot;Summary Report Listener&quot; window and run the test script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T07:19:36.060" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T07:19:36.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22070" CreationDate="2016-08-19T08:01:18.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;: Add better monitoring&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load testing goes hand in hand with monitoring. Load testing is a test to find bottlenecks and the limits of the application and its infrastructure. To be able to understand which part fails you need to have adequate monitoring on all levels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In many respects, unless&#xA;  monitoring is carried out, the Load Test or Performance Test is likely&#xA;  to produce more questions than answers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingperformance.org/definitions/what-are-load-testing-monitoring-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;read more...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each device and application in your chain should have monitoring:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desktop (HTTP-requests, IO, CPU, Memory, Network, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network (routers, switchers, load-balancers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Servers (HTTP-requests, IO, CPU, Memory, Network, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application (Let developers add extra logging if needed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database (Load, requests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any other software and infrastructure you hit during the load test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Minimally you will want to have performance, access and error logs, so you can track the trail of the actions you are trying to load test and see which part is failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load tests fail for numerous different reasons, the most obvious reasons are because of network/database connections limits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preferably do load-testing in combination with your infrastructure operators or system administrator and a developer to help you get the monitoring you need to analyze the bottlenecks and or fails. These people should have a good understanding how to analyze errors on servers and network devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monitoring tools&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible have a look at monitoring tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://newrelic.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NewRelic&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dynatrace.com/platform/offerings/ruxit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ruxit&lt;/a&gt;, these tools inject themselves on most levels of the chain. They visualize the data from the browser JavaScript calls till the database and back again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clean test environment&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why you are doing load tests during office hours? If you do not have a test environment to execute these tests you do want to make sure nothing else is making it harder to analyze your data. Any unknown traffic or actions will make it harder to analyze. It could be backups, torrent down-loaders or heavy manual database queries screwing with your excepted results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wonder why you are doing the load tests and create a setup that focuses on that. The most important reasons is to find your limits to know if your application will scale if the users count goes up. Finding out when you need to take action and scale the infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reads&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingperformance.org/definitions/what-are-load-testing-monitoring-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testingperformance.org/definitions/what-are-load-testing-monitoring-tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-monitor-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-monitor-test-plan.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-08-19T12:34:59.820" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T12:34:59.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22070" CreationDate="2016-08-19T10:12:54.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ramping up to 50 users in 5 seconds does not give you much information beyond &quot;it does not work&quot;. So slow down the ramp up rate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answers by Neils and TESTasy contain good advice about doing more monitoring. If you slow the ramp up to add one user every 30 seconds it will take 25 minutes to reach 50 users. During that time you will be able to see how the system is coping at lower numbers of users. The extra monitoring you are doing will also allow you to see which parts of the entire system (including the six items listed by Neils) are approaching overload as the load increases. It will also show how things change as the system reaches and passes overload.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TESTasy suggests using 100 and larger numbers of users out of hours. Great idea, but slow down the ramp up rate. Perhaps adding 5 users every minute. Then you can see at what levels the weakest parts of the entire system start to struggle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T10:12:54.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22122" CreationDate="2016-08-19T11:49:24.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you try the following;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; .//span[contains(text(),'Reject')]&#xA; .//*[@ng-click=&quot;moderatePost(post,'R')&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also suggest you read more on generating xpaths &lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/how-to-write-dynamic-xpath-in-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Angularjs applications are usually tricky to automate with native Selenium Webdriver, I would also suggest looking at using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ProtractorJs&lt;/a&gt; which is a test framework that wraps around Selenium JSON protocol for AngularJS applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7715" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T11:49:24.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20130" CreationDate="2016-08-19T12:01:15.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In any automation plan regardless of language used, you will need to think about the following concerns&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reusability &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintability &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Result Reporting and logging &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross Browser/Device Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have put a link to my simple test automation example in Java that addresses this &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Eseoghene/SeleniumATF-JavaMaven&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7715" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T12:01:15.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22070" CreationDate="2016-08-19T12:49:50.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the following,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ramping up number of users slowly i.e. start with 10, then 20 upwards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;take note of the response time &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Like someone mentioned earlier, setup monitoring with tools like newrelic so you trace where the problem is coming from&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also noticed that you are running a distributed instance of jmeter and you had some concerns in your question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;network configuration should be same for the server where application resides and my server where i am running distributed jmeter?  &lt;strong&gt;No it does not have to be on the same network configuration&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;i have 1 master and 2 slaves,how to understand which thread running on which slave? &lt;strong&gt;Please share a snippet from your result file so I can help you trace&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7715" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T12:49:50.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22140" CreationDate="2016-08-19T12:53:08.227" Score="42" ViewCount="8071" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work as manual/black-box tester. My responsibility primarily includes functional testing of a web application and to some extent database testing using sql server, based on the functional specification. It is coded in .Net technologies. There isn't much scope of performance, security or automation testing for my role/position as company has hired automation/performance experts to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that even after trying out quite a few negative testing scenarios and using complex test data , i am still not able to find any critical defects in the product, except some minor UI/cosmetic bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A part of this can be due to the fact that the application itself is very old and very mature, stable product. In-fact, many testers have worked on that and serious problems have already been found/fixed. It is indeed challenging and difficult to find a critical defect in the process flows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just keep on writing test cases/scripts and execute them, but then I don't have anything to show to the management. Sometimes it makes me think that I am not providing any value to the product owners, as they hired me to identify crucial, important problems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The product that I test, is a financial application and has a lot of file processing for financial data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What to do in these situations, when you don't find any serious problems even after testing the product long enough. Is a testers worth at job directly proportional to the Number of defects found?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it make you an ineffective tester, if you just show test execution metrics to the management, but haven't found any real vulnerabilities in the product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorDisplayName="user15122" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T14:08:58.877" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T19:55:14.377" Title="What should Testers do if they are not able to find good defects in the product?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="22" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-19T13:03:53.137" Score="27" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing no longer means testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Confused? We can imagine! The purpose of testing used to be fairly&#xA;  clear–“Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent&#xA;  of finding errors”. This changes when adopting agile and&#xA;  lean development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read more...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the testing manifesto has it at the right end. Focus on &lt;strong&gt;preventing defects&lt;/strong&gt; over finding defects. If defects do reach the production do a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analyses&lt;/a&gt; and prevent similar defects from happening in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8Qeid.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reads&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://moreagiletestingmanifesto.wordpress.com/2015/08/02/agile-testing-manifesto/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://moreagiletestingmanifesto.wordpress.com/2015/08/02/agile-testing-manifesto/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://moderntesting.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://moderntesting.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2018-11-02T19:55:14.377" LastActivityDate="2018-11-02T19:55:14.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22141" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-19T14:28:09.327" Score="1" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use seleniumjs to automate my tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool which can find an element on a page by its image? Or just assert that an image is present somewhere on a page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know Sikuli in Java can do such things. I just wonder if there is smth similar that I can use in javascript&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14885" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T03:47:43.493" Title="Sikuli analog for selenium javascript" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-19T14:58:20.280" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;My testing motto has always been this.  &quot;The purpose of testing is to reduce the risk of implementation.&quot;  I have always found that when a testing organization is graded simply on the number of bugs that are found, it is very inaccurate.  If you find a large number of bugs, is that because you are that awesome or your developers are that bad.  Or in your situation, if testing does not find bugs, is that because testing is bad (not in your case) or your developers are that good (sounds like your case).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you need to worry is if you are not finding any issues during your testing process, but there are issues found in production.  As long as the end-users are not finding defects that your testing team did not find, then it sounds like you are doing a good job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing you can do at this point is to augment your testing.  Have you tried looking for places where the application can be improved?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20910" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T14:58:20.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22143" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-19T15:01:42.720" Score="1" ViewCount="4041" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having internal server error 500 while replaying script in loadrunner. I've tried several attempts to correlate the dynamic values using (Automatic &amp;amp; Manual) both of the correlation techniques but to no avail. My application is using cookies. Any help would be appreciated. following is the script snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Action()&#xA;{&#xA;    web_set_max_html_param_len(&quot;99999&quot;);&#xA;    web_add_cookie(&quot;request_method=; DOMAIN=hcmorders.online&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    web_reg_save_param_ex(&#xA;        &quot;ParamName=authenticity_token_1&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;LB=type=\&quot;hidden\&quot; value=\&quot;&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RB=\&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;\n&quot;,&#xA;        LAST&#xA;    );  &#xA;&#xA;    web_reg_save_param_ex(&#xA;        &quot;ParamName=authenticity_token&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;LB=&amp;lt;meta content=\&quot;&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RB=\&quot; name=\&quot;csrf-token\&quot; /&amp;gt;&quot;,&#xA;        SEARCH_FILTERS,&#xA;        &quot;Scope=Body&quot;,&#xA;        LAST&#xA;    );&#xA;&#xA;    web_url(&quot;hcmorders.online&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;URL=http://hcmorders.online/&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t1.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        EXTRARES, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/2UX7WLTfW3W8TclTUvlFyQ.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/Hgo13k-tfSpn0qi1SFdUfT8E0i7KZn-EPnyo3HZu7kw.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/vzIUHo9z-oJ4WgkpPOtg1_esZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/RxZJdnzeo3R5zSexge8UUT8E0i7KZn-EPnyo3HZu7kw.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/d-6IYplOFocCacKzxwXSOD8E0i7KZn-EPnyo3HZu7kw.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/mnpfi9pxYH-Go5UiibESIj8E0i7KZn-EPnyo3HZu7kw.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/12mE4jfMSBTmg-81EiS-YRsxEYwM7FgeyaSgU71cLG0.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/7m8l7TlFO-S3VkhHuR0at4bN6UDyHWBl620a-IRfuBk.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/1pO9eUAp8pSF8VnRTP3xnvesZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/OLffGBTaF0XFOW1gnuHF0YbN6UDyHWBl620a-IRfuBk.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/t6Nd4cfPRhZP44Q5QAjcC4bN6UDyHWBl620a-IRfuBk.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v15/bmC0pGMXrhphrZJmniIZpYbN6UDyHWBl620a-IRfuBk.woff&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=/assets/ico-search.png&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=/assets/banner-img.jpg&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=/assets/jquery-ui/ui-bg_flat_75_ffffff_40x100-e46a6c1c7b7986bfa7d7b953c6954fae.png&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=/assets/sep01.jpg&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-971.min.js&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps-api-v3/api/js/26/0/common.js&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://bam.nr-data.net/1/183d9f179e?a=4629762&amp;amp;v=971.ec154e7&amp;amp;to=dVtfR0tXCF1VFB1BXkJRQhxQVgBUSA%3D%3D&amp;amp;rst=25135&amp;amp;ref=http://hcmorders.online/&amp;amp;ap=23&amp;amp;be=278&amp;amp;fe=24393&amp;amp;dc=22942&amp;amp;perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1471604314615,%22n%22:0,%22f%22:0,%22dn%22:0,%22dne%22:0,%22c%22:0,%22ce%22:0,%22rq%22:0,%22rp%22:0,%22rpe%22:249,%22dl%22:0,%22di%22:250,%22ds%22:23220,%22de%22:23292,%22dc%22:24655,%22l%22:24670,%22le%22:24672%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D&amp;amp;jsonp=NREUM.setToken&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps-api-v3/api/js/26/0/util.js&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps-api-v3/api/js/26/0/stats.js&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js/AuthenticationService.Authenticate?1shttp%3A%2F%2Fhcmorders.online%2F&amp;amp;4sAIzaSyDoTpY0gsV3nOPP09Syri3ggq0k5xpib0o&amp;amp;callback=_xdc_._yevdd2&amp;amp;token=12718&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=/places/autocomplete?q=adams&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps-api-v3/api/js/26/0/places_impl.js&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps-api-v3/api/js/26/0/controls.js&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/js/AutocompletionService.GetPredictionsJson?1sadams&amp;amp;4sen-US&amp;amp;7scountry%3Aus&amp;amp;15e3&amp;amp;key=AIzaSyDoTpY0gsV3nOPP09Syri3ggq0k5xpib0o&amp;amp;callback=_xdc_._xq5jvb&amp;amp;token=3543&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=/assets/jquery-ui/ui-bg_glass_75_dadada_1x400-424d23ee315d459f86e0c5b2c1a0b58a.png&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=/assets/fontawesome-webfont-42e3b762e936182fccb762ea8ad638b1.eot?&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://csi.gstatic.com/csi?v=2&amp;amp;s=mapsapi3&amp;amp;v3v=26.0&amp;amp;action=apiboot2&amp;amp;libraries=places%2Cgeometry%2Cdrawing&amp;amp;e=10_1_0,10_2_0&amp;amp;rt=main.17&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_set_sockets_option(&quot;SSL_VERSION&quot;, &quot;TLS1.1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    web_url(&quot;channel.html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;URL=https://js.stripe.com/v2/channel.html?stripe_xdm_e=http%3A%2F%2Fhcmorders.online&amp;amp;stripe_xdm_c=default133976&amp;amp;stripe_xdm_p=1&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t2.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        EXTRARES, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://hcmorders.online/favicon.ico&quot;, &quot;Referer=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;search_restaurants&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://hcmorders.online/sites/search_restaurants&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t3.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=utf8&quot;, &quot;Value=âœ“&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=authenticity_token&quot;, &quot;Value={authenticity_token}&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=restaurant_type&quot;, &quot;Value=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=address_input&quot;, &quot;Value=Adams Hall, University of Rhode Island&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        EXTRARES, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/inner-search-icon.jpg&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/form-bg.jpg&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://csi.gstatic.com/csi?v=2&amp;amp;s=mapsapi3&amp;amp;v3v=26.0&amp;amp;action=apiboot2&amp;amp;libraries=places%2Cgeometry%2Cdrawing&amp;amp;e=10_1_0,10_2_0&amp;amp;rt=main.7&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js/AuthenticationService.Authenticate?1shttp%3A%2F%2Fhcmorders.online%2Fsites%2Fsearch_restaurants&amp;amp;4sAIzaSyDoTpY0gsV3nOPP09Syri3ggq0k5xpib0o&amp;amp;callback=_xdc_._pgkq3y&amp;amp;token=47444&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://bam.nr-data.net/1/183d9f179e?a=4629762&amp;amp;v=971.ec154e7&amp;amp;to=dVtfR0tXCF1VFB1BXkJRQhxKXQVDUw5tQFJFQFBGS1kKRUM%3D&amp;amp;rst=9228&amp;amp;ref=http://hcmorders.online/sites/search_restaurants&amp;amp;ap=269&amp;amp;be=887&amp;amp;fe=8325&amp;amp;dc=396&amp;amp;perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1471604347131,%22n%22:0,%22u%22:798,%22ue%22:828,%22f%22:3,%22dn%22:3,%22dne%22:3,%22c%22:3,%22ce%22:3,%22rq%22:9,%22rp%22:795,%22rpe%22:796,%22dl%22:795,%22di%22:859,%22ds%22:1283,%22de%22:1294,%22dc%22:9190,%22l%22:9213%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D&amp;amp;jsonp=&quot;&#xA;        &quot;NREUM.setToken&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_url(&quot;channel.html_2&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;URL=https://js.stripe.com/v2/channel.html?stripe_xdm_e=http%3A%2F%2Fhcmorders.online&amp;amp;stripe_xdm_c=default999994&amp;amp;stripe_xdm_p=1&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/sites/search_restaurants&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t4.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        EXTRARES, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://hcmorders.online/favicon.ico&quot;, &quot;Referer=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    lr_think_time(19);&#xA;&#xA;    web_url(&quot;albies-place&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;URL=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/sites/search_restaurants&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t5.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        EXTRARES, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://bam.nr-data.net/1/183d9f179e?a=4629762&amp;amp;v=971.ec154e7&amp;amp;to=dVtfR0tXCF1VFB1AUkVAUEZLWQpFQ0lBWlhB&amp;amp;rst=1306&amp;amp;ref=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place&amp;amp;ap=429&amp;amp;be=782&amp;amp;fe=517&amp;amp;dc=428&amp;amp;perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1471604375629,%22n%22:0,%22u%22:704,%22ue%22:726,%22f%22:1,%22dn%22:1,%22dne%22:1,%22c%22:1,%22ce%22:1,%22rq%22:700,%22rp%22:701,%22rpe%22:704,%22dl%22:701,%22di%22:747,%22ds%22:1209,%22de%22:1293,%22dc%22:1293,%22l%22:1298%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D&amp;amp;jsonp=NREUM.setToken&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_url(&quot;channel.html_3&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;URL=https://js.stripe.com/v2/channel.html?stripe_xdm_e=http%3A%2F%2Fhcmorders.online&amp;amp;stripe_xdm_c=default46980&amp;amp;stripe_xdm_p=1&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t6.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        EXTRARES, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://csi.gstatic.com/csi?v=2&amp;amp;s=mapsapi3&amp;amp;v3v=26.0&amp;amp;action=apiboot2&amp;amp;libraries=places%2Cgeometry%2Cdrawing&amp;amp;e=10_1_0,10_2_0&amp;amp;rt=main.9&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js/AuthenticationService.Authenticate?1shttp%3A%2F%2Fhcmorders.online%2Frestaurants%2Falbies-place%3Faddress_input%3DAdams%2BHall%252C%2BUniversity%2Bof%2BRhode%2BIsland%26restaurant_type%3Ddelivery&amp;amp;4sAIzaSyDoTpY0gsV3nOPP09Syri3ggq0k5xpib0o&amp;amp;callback=_xdc_._i9a8w2&amp;amp;token=33884&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/open_modifier_modal?menu_item_id=1027&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;add_modifier_to_cart&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/add_modifier_to_cart&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/javascript&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t7.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=utf8&quot;, &quot;Value=âœ“&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=cookie_key&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=menu_item_id&quot;, &quot;Value=1027&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=menu_item_price&quot;, &quot;Value=8.25&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=all_size_modifier_ids&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=price[]&quot;, &quot;Value=8.25&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=item_size_id&quot;, &quot;Value=699&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=modifier_ids&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=order_modifier_ids&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=price[]&quot;, &quot;Value=9.5&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=modifier_ids&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=order_modifier_ids&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=mandatory_modifier_ids&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=optional_modifier_ids&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=instructions_text&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=quantity&quot;, &quot;Value=1&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_add_cookie(&quot;full_name=mubbashir; DOMAIN=hcmorders.online&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    web_add_cookie(&quot;phone_number=333-333-3333; DOMAIN=hcmorders.online&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;confirm_order&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Action=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/confirm_order&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/javascript&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t8.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        ITEMDATA, &#xA;        &quot;Name=utf8&quot;, &quot;Value=âœ“&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=address_input&quot;, &quot;Value=Adams Hall, University of Rhode Island&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=restaurant_type&quot;, &quot;Value=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=restaurant_id&quot;, &quot;Value=18&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=from_checkout&quot;, &quot;Value=false&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=delivery_charge&quot;, &quot;Value=1.50&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=tax&quot;, &quot;Value=0.12&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=process_fee&quot;, &quot;Value=0.49&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=instructions_text&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=all_choice_ids[]&quot;, &quot;Value=1027,699&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=sub_total&quot;, &quot;Value=8.25&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=discount&quot;, &quot;Value=0.00&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=tip&quot;, &quot;Value=0.00&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=tax_percent&quot;, &quot;Value=8.0&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=delivery_fee&quot;, &quot;Value=1.50&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=total&quot;, &quot;Value=11.02&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Name=coupon_code_field&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        EXTRARES, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/visa.jpg&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/express.jpg&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/mastercard.jpg&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/discover.jpg&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/cash-icon.png&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/loadingg.gif&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../assets/c-card.png&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        &quot;Url=../autocomplete_phone_number?q=333-333-3333&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_submit_data(&quot;place_order&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Action=http://hcmorders.online/orders/place_order&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Method=POST&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/restaurants/albies-place?address_input=Adams+Hall%2C+University+of+Rhode+Island&amp;amp;restaurant_type=delivery&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t9.inf&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;,&#xA;        ITEMDATA,&#xA;        &quot;Name=utf8&quot;, &quot;Value=âœ“&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=authenticity_token&quot;, &quot;Value=jkbx4yBAUdh2ecotpqDRK5F1P2UGyhLedGn9CHJbgWA=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=sub_total&quot;, &quot;Value=8.25&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=total&quot;, &quot;Value=11.02&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=all_choice_ids&quot;, &quot;Value=1027,699&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=restaurant_id&quot;, &quot;Value=18&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=address_input&quot;, &quot;Value=Adams Hall, University of Rhode Island&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=restaurant_type&quot;, &quot;Value=delivery&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=save_order&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=delivery_charge&quot;, &quot;Value=1.50&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=tax&quot;, &quot;Value=0.78&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=process_fee&quot;, &quot;Value=0.49&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=tip&quot;, &quot;Value=0.00&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=discount&quot;, &quot;Value=0.00&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=coupon_code&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=full_name&quot;, &quot;Value=mubbashir&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=phone_number&quot;, &quot;Value=333-333-3333&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=confirm_phone_number&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=room_no&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=payment_method&quot;, &quot;Value=cash&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=credit_card_number&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=month&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=year&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=cvv&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=tip_percent&quot;, &quot;Value=15&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=custom_tip_amount&quot;, &quot;Value=$&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;Name=special_instructions&quot;, &quot;Value=&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        EXTRARES,&#xA;        &quot;URL=http://bam.nr-data.net/1/183d9f179e?a=4629762&amp;amp;v=971.ec154e7&amp;amp;to=dVtfR0tXCF1VFB1dRVJRQ0AWTAxQXg1LXUI%3D&amp;amp;rst=1472&amp;amp;ref=http://hcmorders.online/orders/3694/thankyou&amp;amp;ap=20&amp;amp;be=1016&amp;amp;fe=437&amp;amp;dc=423&amp;amp;perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1471604397714,%22n%22:0,%22u%22:926,%22r%22:1,%22ue%22:951,%22re%22:643,%22f%22:643,%22dn%22:643,%22dne%22:643,%22c%22:643,%22ce%22:643,%22rq%22:645,%22rp%22:925,%22rpe%22:926,%22dl%22:925,%22di%22:979,%22ds%22:1440,%22de%22:1449,%22dc%22:1449,%22l%22:1454%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%22rc%22:1%7D%7D&amp;amp;jsonp=NREUM.setToken&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/orders/3694/thankyou&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;URL=https://csi.gstatic.com/csi?v=2&amp;amp;s=mapsapi3&amp;amp;v3v=26.0&amp;amp;action=apiboot2&amp;amp;libraries=places%2Cgeometry%2Cdrawing&amp;amp;e=10_1_0,10_2_0&amp;amp;rt=main.7&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/orders/3694/thankyou&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        &quot;URL=https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js/AuthenticationService.Authenticate?1shttp%3A%2F%2Fhcmorders.online%2Forders%2F3694%2Fthankyou&amp;amp;4sAIzaSyDoTpY0gsV3nOPP09Syri3ggq0k5xpib0o&amp;amp;callback=_xdc_._jdtutq&amp;amp;token=130165&quot;, &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/orders/3694/thankyou&quot;, ENDITEM,&#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    web_url(&quot;channel.html_4&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;URL=https://js.stripe.com/v2/channel.html?stripe_xdm_e=http%3A%2F%2Fhcmorders.online&amp;amp;stripe_xdm_c=default368042&amp;amp;stripe_xdm_p=1&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Resource=0&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;RecContentType=text/html&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Referer=http://hcmorders.online/orders/3694/thankyou&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Snapshot=t10.inf&quot;, &#xA;        &quot;Mode=HTML&quot;, &#xA;        LAST);&#xA;&#xA;    return 0;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting internal server error at following statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; web_submit_data(&quot;place_order&quot;,&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is snippet from output window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Action.c(199): Error -26612: HTTP Status-Code=500 (Internal Server Error) for &quot;http://hcmorders.online/orders/place_order&quot;      [MsgId: MERR-26612]&#xA;Action.c(199): Warning -26200: At least one of the resources specified by EXTRARES has not been downloaded due to the above error(s)    [MsgId: MWAR-26200&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've manually correlated the first occurrence of the dynamic value and verified it in  the snapshot view that it is fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20909" LastEditorUserId="20993" LastEditDate="2016-08-24T11:04:56.647" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T08:59:31.597" Title="I am having internal server error 500 while replaying script in loadrunner" Tags="&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-19T17:22:36.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To directly answer the question, no. Metrics are not the end all be all of measuring the value of a tester. I would argue that identifying user flows that are not defined in the spec can be more important than a discovering a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience no one is going to prevent you from doing things outside of your job title (performance, automation) as long as you also perform your expected duties. Showing that you are trying to improve your skill set looks good and can lead to identifying new classes of bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-08-19T17:22:36.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-19T20:38:29.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your coders may just be good. Testing is done to find bugs before the customer finds them and you have to go through a find the bug, create a patch, distribute a patch cycle.&#xA;If the customers are not complaining about bugs, then the testing scenarios are correct. If the customers find bugs that should have been detected in the Test/QA stage, then your testing is faulty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are NO bugs, then you can't find them. You cannot prove a negative, EVER. If you don't find any bugs don't feel discouraged you are doing your job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you also testing for FAILURES? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happens if someone attempts to enter a string into an integer? Testing for overflows? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20920" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T07:56:40.220" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T07:56:40.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-19T20:52:18.013" Score="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to address the reporting aspect of the question. You say...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I just keep on writing excellent test cases and executing them, &lt;strong&gt;but then I don't have anything to show to the management&lt;/strong&gt;. Sometimes it makes me think that I am not providing any value to the product&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even in the perfect world where the software leaves the developers' hands 100% bug free and feature complete (as a developer: &quot;HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA&quot;), this is simply not true. Yes, when you find a mission critical bug at the 11'th hour, that's awesome, and you're the hero. But when you execute all &lt;strong&gt;excellent test cases&lt;/strong&gt; and discover no defects you've produced something of equal or greater value. This is &lt;strong&gt;Quality Assurance&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the company I work for &quot;Tester&quot; is a dirty word. Instead we have the &quot;QA&quot; team. This is because the business doesn't really benefit from testing and fixing bugs. The business doesn't even really benefit from having bug free code. No, &lt;strong&gt;the business needs to know that it has bug free code&lt;/strong&gt;. I have worked in environments where this need was not reached, and the business did not have confidence in its product. In these environments everything falls apart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't estimate the work involved in a new feature with confidence. Because a bug could be hiding just under the surface of a critical component.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't test a change set efficiently. Because without a baseline of confidence every test must be a full regression test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can't sell your product to serious buyers, because when they ask &quot;can it do XYZ?&quot; your engineer says &quot;well, in theory.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm getting at is that the front page of whatever report you deliver to management at the end of each development cycle should not be about where the software fails:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**Defects Found**&#xA;BUG-1: $0.01 of every transaction is transferred to Joe A.'s offshore account.&#xA;BUG-2: Rounding error when withdrawing from an ATM on Tuesday.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, the deliverable that really matters is what you've proven the software can do. And can do correctly. The open defects are a part of this report, yes. But they are not what really matters. What really matters is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**Features Verified**&#xA;Can open a new account           [PASSED]&#xA;Can close an existing account    [PASSED]&#xA;Can issue a transaction          [FAILED, BUG-1]&#xA;Can withdraw from a bank         [PASSED]&#xA;Can withdraw from a ATM          [FAILED, BUG-2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then, after the bugs are addressed. You release with a QA Report that looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**Features Verified**&#xA;Can open a new account           [PASSED]&#xA;Can close an existing account    [PASSED]&#xA;Can issue a transaction          [PASSED]&#xA;Can withdraw from a bank         [PASSED]&#xA;Can withdraw from a ATM          [BACKLOGGED]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that's the document that management should want to see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20921" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T07:55:42.467" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T07:55:42.467" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-20T04:20:07.600" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the other answers, it would seem important to me that you find out IF you are actually letting bugs slip through. The way you write this would make it seem the software is up and running in production, so surely if there are bugs they would be reported. Then you can check if you should have been able to find them or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also encourage you to look into automated testing anyway even if it's technically not part of your job, many manual tests can be automated eventually and it would be a matter of time before someone else finds out. Manually testing something that can be scripted is low end work. I get that you are also designing the tests yourself, but I think you can improve and show your value to the company by slowly moving away from manually executing them and making that an automated process. It depends on the company of course, but most companies value people that want to improve themselves and make their job easier (and cheaper/faster).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20926" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T04:42:20.523" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T04:42:20.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2016-08-20T05:11:42.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do ISTQB/ISEB Testing Certificates prove that someone can test?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not really. It is all theory and definitions of terminologies. Frankly in my career and experience I haven't seen one size fits all theory. Demand and quality criteria of each piece of software differs and only thing that really helps is hands on experience and ability to think and question. Certifications don't teach that. So the certifications can't prove that someone can test. You can only judge by comparing one's experience and with your needs and see if they will be a good fit to hire on your team for testing software. Why I say this is because every where you go the they have their own terminologies and processes which means the terminologies and processes defined as standards become obselete in that case and you have to adjust and many a times improvise over it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are certificates really of value to my career?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That really depends. If you are working for companies that are certification oriented, then yes, it does add value. Many companies prefer to hire people with certifications. There may be several reasons for this. Some that I know of are,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They filter resumes when hiring depending on certain keywords so that they don't have to go through a long list of them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They really believe in having a certification means you can test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They hire people with certificates to show-off to their client and for marketing purposes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In such situations as mentioned above having a certification can be an added value to get a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the job done and to keep it the only thing that helps is your ability to perform, think, question, communicate and advocate-bugs. Doesn't matter if you pass all the certification exams out there and have hundreds of certification logos on your CV if you cant test you're getting nowhere near to growth in your career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T05:11:42.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5389" CreationDate="2016-08-20T05:51:15.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are not willing to use paid tools and already agree that &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; is highly recommended as an open source solution for performance testing. Yes it may add a learning curve and can be hectic to write the test scripts. BUT that is not really the case now!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;strong&gt;Blazemeter&lt;/strong&gt; has emerged I have been using &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; in combination with it with a great easy and almost no scripting unless I want to change certain configuration options. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Blazemeter&lt;/strong&gt; has an extension in Google Chrome. You can use this to record your test script and then use that in &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; to run the tests. &lt;strong&gt;Blazemeter extension&lt;/strong&gt; will records all your HTTP(s) requests as you browser through your application under test along with all the required login credentials, cookies and sessions. Once you are done recording your script you can export it as a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;.jmx&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; file, which you can open in &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt; to run the tests. You can also make all the changes you require to your test plan in &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T05:51:15.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-20T07:00:23.353" Score="0" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;input type=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;Save(this)&quot; value=&quot;Save&quot;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find this element using selenium webdriver with c# . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to find the element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17968" LastEditorUserId="20963" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T02:33:02.270" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T02:33:02.270" Title="How to find the element using selenium for below code?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22150" CreationDate="2016-08-20T07:31:55.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@type='button']&#xA;//input[@value='Save']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;assuming input is unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Css Selector:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[type='button']&#xA;input[value='Save']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;assumine input is unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check it out here. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.nz/search?q=selenium%20cheat%20sheet&amp;amp;espv=2&amp;amp;biw=1536&amp;amp;bih=764&amp;amp;tbm=isch&amp;amp;imgil=j5ipUh0TO-cBPM%253A%253B61vQeyHuFk4NgM%253Bhttps%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.simple-talk.com%25252Fdotnet%25252Fnet-framework%25252Fxpath-css-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone%25252F&amp;amp;source=iu&amp;amp;pf=m&amp;amp;fir=j5ipUh0TO-cBPM%253A%252C61vQeyHuFk4NgM%252C_&amp;amp;usg=__O6YFx1ES-PUIH0X5RZoq49KWeCo%3D&amp;amp;dpr=1.25&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwj_i9DnvM_OAhWCrJQKHU3qBbEQyjcILA&amp;amp;ei=RQe4V7_VHYLZ0gTN1JeICw#imgrc=j5ipUh0TO-cBPM%3A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;selenium cheat sheet link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T07:31:55.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18065" CreationDate="2016-08-20T08:23:16.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer to your question is &lt;strong&gt;NO&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if you can run multiple instances of JMeter on a single machine. Even if you can run multiple instances of JMeter on a single machine I can most definitely say, you cannot setup distributed testing testing environment with Master-Slave architecture for them. You see to have such a set up configured you have to get the IP address of Slave Systems and configure them in the Master System. When you run the tests the Master commands the Salve to execute the script and it does this based on the IP address of the Slave System. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's consider what you say; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are running 4 instances of JMeter on single machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You plan to make 1 of those Master and the remaining 3 Slaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end, since the system is 1, it has 1 IP address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, how do you set up 4 IP addresses 1 for the Master and 3 for the Slaves for a single system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may try an alternative. You can set up multiple Virtual Machines on your System. Assign different IP address to each Virtual Machine and then configure them as Slave systems and your actual system as the Master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:23:16.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15827" CreationDate="2016-08-20T08:38:54.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All you have to do is change the scenario you are using from,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread group = 1&#xA;&#xA;ramp up = 0&#xA;&#xA;Loop count= 100&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread group = 100&#xA;&#xA;ramp up = 1 &amp;lt;or you can also leave it 0&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Loop count= 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first scenario you are simply making 1 user request 100 times and hence each request only executes after the previous request completes. Think of it as,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (i=0; i&amp;lt;100; i++) {&#xA; hit URL;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas, in the second scenario you are telling JMeter to make hundred requests at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-20T08:48:06.930" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:48:06.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18248" CreationDate="2016-08-20T08:45:54.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no such restriction on the idea of running the JMeter test and hosting the application under test on same machine or on different machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is always considered a good or rather smart practice to host the application under test on one server and execute JMeter with its test script from another system/machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the question here is why you should choose to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, performance testing is not only about sending HTTP requests and viewing the response times in some table or Graph. Lots of things need to be considered here; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The performance of the server hosting application under test. It's CPU, RAM, Disk I/O and Network I/O  utilization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with that JMeter when running also takes up a lot of CPU, RAM, Disk I/O and Network I/O of the system on which it is executing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have the application under test and JMeter running on same system, you won't be getting proper results or rather no result at all. Your system make crash or hang up! That is why you should not run JMeter on the same system as application under test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T08:45:54.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22130" CreationDate="2016-08-20T14:12:00.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your server should have either production or production-like network configuration. As long as JMeter slave machines can reach it - it is fine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you have defined i.e. 100 threads in test plan both slaves will kick off 100 threads so you will have 200 virtual users in total. If you still looking to get information regarding which thread is being executed you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__log&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__log()&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__threadNum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__threadNum()&lt;/a&gt; functions combination like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__log(Running thread # ${__threadNum},,,)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The relevant messages will be printed to &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lJdR3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lJdR3.png&quot; alt=&quot;Log and ThreadNum&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-functions-part-iii&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Functions&lt;/a&gt; posts series for comprehensive information on above and other JMeter functions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T14:12:00.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-20T17:53:01.140" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could you expand your scope to &lt;strong&gt;Usability Testing&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You could ask the programmers to put in a Litmus Test, i.e., &lt;strong&gt;seed it&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;one known bug&lt;/strong&gt;, but perhaps subtle, that they KNOW is in it. (I do this all the time to test the tester). You could even turn it into a game, they could put in a more subtle bug (hard to detect or hard to characterize).  This makes it more fun for you and confirms for management that you ARE finding bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20932" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T17:53:01.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22158" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-20T19:01:09.100" Score="1" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;After watching videos on dynamic x-path in Selenium I want to ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Q1: what does &quot;dynamic&quot; actually mean? Does it mean that the value changes at runtime or it can change over a period of time with no change to the application in between? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Q2: Also, when we select a dynamic x-path how can we know ahead of time which values will stay the same and which will change? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Q3: Lastly, can a user change any values using firebugs manually to make them unique, so he wont need to resort to finding elements dynamically?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T14:33:15.237" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T14:43:01.657" Title="Notion of dynamic element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22158" CreationDate="2016-08-20T22:11:30.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;dynamic - that changes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some websites may have a backend implementation that is generating random values for the attributes of an element like class, id and others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These values may be changed on every page load or per build, depending on the application.The random value can be the entire attribute or just a part from it,for example: id=&quot;my_account-3982896&quot;, where the number is changing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some of the commerce platforms and maybe other type of platforms where you can easy set-up a web page that will generate some 'random' values/attributes for the page elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For these type of application the trick is to not get a selector based on an attribute that is changing but to focus on the values that are not changing or on the part of an attribute that is not changing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the above example to find the element that has an id that contains my_account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user can change the attribute of an element but it will be rewetted on reload of the page, anyway you need first to identify the right element and if you did that there is no need to set any attribute/value to make them unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A dynamic path can also refer to an xpath that contains a variable, for example: lets say that you want to click on the order number link from order history, you will save the order number from order success page in a variable like $orderNumber, then use this variable to identify the link that contains this number like //a[contains(text(), $orderNumber)]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-20T22:11:30.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22158" CreationDate="2016-08-20T22:56:33.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After watching videos on dynamic x-path in Selenium I want to ask what does &quot;dynamic&quot; actually mean? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know which videos you're referring to, so I'll guess at an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine someone asks for directions from the airport to your house.  In most places you could simply give them the street address.  Since no other house has the same street address, they could type it into Google Maps and get directions from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now imagine you lived in a scene from &lt;a href=&quot;http://trailers.apple.com/trailers/wb/inception/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Inception&lt;/a&gt;.  Your street address changes from one moment to the next, so you can't use it to give directions. Instead, you might say, &quot;Go to Heisenberg Street, then find the fifth house on the right.&quot;  But we're in an Inception scene, so the street changes names too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't rely on the street name, you might try saying, &quot;Go straight out of the airport, get on the highway, go two miles, then take the right right, go three blocks, and turn left.  I'm the fifth house on the block.&quot;   I didn't use any names there, just turns and and distances.  That works unless the house can switch places with another house, or a highway can get longer or shorter, or extra streets can spring into existence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of that can happen with elements in a web page.  Those changes are called dynamic elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does it mean that the value changes at runtime or it can change over a period of time with no change to the application in between? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends.  A hard part about automating UI tests is knowing where the elements are.  When you refer to an element, you want to do so in terms of things that don't change.  An element's value -- especially an input element -- is the most likely thing to change, so normally you would use something else about the element, like its name or ID or its relationship to other elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, when we select a dynamic x-path how can we know ahead of time which values will stay the same and which will change? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, you can't.  You have to guess based on what you know about the website.  Sometimes you will be wrong, so you will have to change the XPath.  Other times, your guess will be invalidated by a change to the website.  That's part of what makes automating UIs challenging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lastly, can a user change any values using firebugs manually to make them unique, so he wont need to resort to finding elements dynamically?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No.  Changes by Firebug go away when the web page is refreshed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-08-22T04:12:52.227" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T04:12:52.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-21T09:45:05.003" Score="3" ViewCount="444" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to configure Selenium+GitHub+Jenkins but unable to do it, I was able to configure selenium and Jenkins but not with GitHub.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need to build in same workspace where is my code if not, then how to change the build path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I want to run the selenium scripts when new push committed to git-hub and jenkins should execute the scripts.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8892" LastEditorUserId="8892" LastEditDate="2016-08-27T09:27:50.557" LastActivityDate="2016-08-27T09:27:50.557" Title="How to configure Selenium+GitHub+Jenkins" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-08-23T06:41:28.310" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22099" CreationDate="2016-08-21T15:21:48.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to remove the double or single quotes, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;list = ['id1', 'id2', 'id3']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;list = [&quot;id1&quot;, &quot;id2&quot;, &quot;id3&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you see in the last line it includes the single quotes as part of the id and that results in an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-21T15:21:48.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20155" CreationDate="2016-08-22T03:47:16.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to perform Penetration Testing on any software/application, first of all you will need to gather information about that software/application, its host and environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the Term suggests you need to penetrate the application under test. You can penetrate something only if you have knowledge of it and its environment. More familiar you are with the thing the better it will be for you to penetrate it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will have to learn about, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The architecture of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The architecture of server hosting the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technology used for developing the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the host have any other software that is vulnerable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What security measures have been implemented in the application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What security measures have been implemented on the server?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The ports that the application uses to communicate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other ports that are open on the server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And much more...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have sufficient knowledge and familiarity with all these you can look for known vulnerabilities about the technology and hosting server's architecture and try to exploit them. You can also come up with ideas to break through using the code. You can attack the open ports on the server or another vulnerable application on the server to gain access to the server and hence the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is kind of like a spy or secret agent trying to get confidential information from the enemy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a whole lot more that you can do, but it all requires a huge number of permutations and combinations and hence people prefer using tools and automating the attacks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T03:47:16.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-08-22T04:59:28.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between bug and defect can be what you make of it. It totally depends on how you define both the terms. Definitions and understanding of terminologies differ from organizations to teams to individuals. Everywhere you go you will see that people have a different understanding of one term and define them as per their understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bug and a defect can mean the exact same thing to a person while some other person can define it differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people define Bug and defect as below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BUG:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A bug is the result of a coding error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A human action that produces an incorrect result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deviation from the expected result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A software bug is an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a&#xA;computer program that prevents it from working as intended, or&#xA;produces an incorrect result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A defect is a deviation from the requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Problem in algorithm that leads to failure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A defect is for something that normally works, but it has something&#xA;out-of-spec.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A defect is introduced into the software as the result of an error.&#xA;It is an anomaly in the software that may cause it to behave&#xA;incorrectly, and not according to its specification.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T04:59:28.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15159" CreationDate="2016-08-22T05:45:23.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TASK:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;A piece of work to be done or undertaken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SCENARIO:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;A written outline of a plot and individual scenes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;USE CASES:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;In software and systems engineering, a use case is a list of actions or event steps, typically defining the interactions between a role (known in the Unified Modeling Language as an actor) and a system, to achieve a goal. The actor can be a human or other external system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a scenario might describe have all the details of the task that needs to be performed. Scenario might be described via a use case to explain the role of actor for achieving a goal. This can be assigned as a task to be performed to someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T05:45:23.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-08-22T05:51:19.080" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only difference is the audience you are addressing. Tester and Developer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Defect: Defect is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to produce incorrect/unexpected results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug: If that defect accepted by programmer is called bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T05:51:19.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13980" CreationDate="2016-08-22T06:01:31.757" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latent Bug:&lt;/strong&gt; The bug that's not known within the past versions of the software application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Golden Bug:&lt;/strong&gt; The bug that's occurred in each instances of the application with severity level high and with high priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bugs that stay dormant or hidden are latent bugs. These bugs aren't found till one or a lot of releases of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Golden bugs are bugs which will have an effect on the essential functionality of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T06:01:31.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12630" CreationDate="2016-08-22T06:17:20.823" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is Component testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component testing is a method where testing of each component in an application is done separately.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Component testing is also known as module, unit or program testing.&#xA;It finds the defects in the module and verifies the functioning of&#xA;software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For writing test cases for component testing I prefer making a checklist for all the components with a separate status and comment column to fill in the test results. You can also prepare detailed spreadsheet as explained by @jensi suthar but I prefer checklist because component testing may become very exhausting to manage with very detailed and lengthy documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dictionary Meanings:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;(Copied from Google Dictionary)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  1. an individual thing or person regarded as single and complete but which can also form an individual component of a larger or more&#xA;  complex whole.&#xA;  2. a device that has a specified function, especially one forming part of a complex mechanism. synonyms: component, part, section, element,&#xA;  constituent, subdivision, portion, segment, module, item, member,&#xA;  ingredient, factor, feature, piece, fragment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  1. a part or element of a larger whole, especially a part of a machine or vehicle. synonyms: part, piece, bit, constituent, element,&#xA;  ingredient; unit, module, item; section, portion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as per the definitions given above, the terms can interchangeable depending on the context and individual's understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2018-10-03T02:34:17.323" LastActivityDate="2018-10-03T02:34:17.323" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6440" CreationDate="2016-08-22T06:36:59.380" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lets say you are testing an application. You have written a set of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you run one cycle of testing. You find few bugs and report them to the development team. Development team fixes the bugs and reverts to you with the updated code. You again execute the same set of test cases. This time you find that few of the bug were still not fixed and you report that back to the development team. They work on it and send an update to you. Once again, you execute the same set of test cases and don't find any bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now in a new release some changes were made in the application. You run the same set of test cases and they all pass. But, what you miss here is the new bugs that may have introduced when the fix and new changes were applied. The old set of test cases are incapable of identifying these new bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is called &lt;strong&gt;Pesticide Paradox&lt;/strong&gt;. To avoid this you need to update your test cases with each cycle and add new cases to the old set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2020-02-07T10:14:05.040" LastActivityDate="2020-02-07T10:14:05.040" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1944" CreationDate="2016-08-22T07:43:48.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure there is a specific term for this. Anyways you can always come up with a term of your own and consult with your team whether that sounds appropriate for what you are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you can call it &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Maintenance Testing&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; where you have a team continuously testing the live site for maintaining the proper execution of the site along with the design. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also mention that you do check to make sure that new updates and releases are not causing any issue in the existing system. This you can call &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Regression Testing&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can come up with another term of your own that sounds more suitable for your purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T07:43:48.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22094" CreationDate="2016-08-22T09:08:32.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand correctly, you want to verify that if some error happens, you can still use the site afterwards. Because damaged situation = failed test, and problem in your site, and you really should not keep going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that's the case, then, when one of your tests fails but another doesn't you can already see that application is back to normal stage, no?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can try running failed tests again, there is some info: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/8713564&quot;&gt;Restart failed test case automatically in testng/selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you can implement error handling around your selenium methods (pseudo example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(element).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write recovery scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void Recover(){&#xA;   do something&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for exceptions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void ClickAndRecover(element){&#xA;  try { driver.FindElement(element).Click(); }&#xA;  catch (couldnt click) { Recover(); }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not for click specifically. But in my opinion it would be a bad practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2016-12-30T09:14:21.530" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T09:14:21.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2016-08-22T10:59:59.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same issue. I realized that I updated all my packages in the SDK manager recently. And having a second look I saw that I had the Android SDK platform tools installed twice (24.0.1 and 23.0.3). After deinstalling the 23.0.3 version everything worked more stable again including Vysor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20958" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T10:59:59.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13980" CreationDate="2016-08-22T11:08:11.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Both the bugs are related to manual testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Latent Bug:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Bugs that remail dormant unhidden are latent bugs. These bugs are not found until one or more releases of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: These can be related to date issues like the y2k.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Golden Bug:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Golden Bugs are the bugs that affect the critical/major functionalities in our application build&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Mainly behavior related to your premium functionality and some times savior or show-stopper&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T06:42:07.160" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T06:42:07.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22056" CreationDate="2016-08-22T11:20:18.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have solved the problem by updating my chromedriver to 2.23. If anyone facing such issue then make sure you have updated version of browser and driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20822" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T11:20:18.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12630" CreationDate="2016-08-22T12:22:09.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is Component Testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing of separate software component is known as component testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component Testing&lt;/strong&gt; is considered as the Module Testing, because we are testing each module or component differently and effectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose there is only a one project which consists of 10 components and we are testing each component differently and effectively than it is known as component testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Component testing is that in which we test those test objects which are separately testable as a isolated unit without integrating with other components (e.g. modules, programs, objects, classes, etc.). &#xA;Component Testing Example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt; there are two web pages. In one of the web pages there are a many certain fields like username, address, mobile no. etc in which data has to be entered.  In the other (second) web page also there are certain fields which carry forward the data from the first page. Testing the functionality of these individual pages is called Component Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After component Testing we always done the Integration Testing. While doing proper black box testing and white box testing by tester first of all Component Testing is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before component Testing &lt;strong&gt;Unit Testing&lt;/strong&gt; is always done by the developers. While doing proper Unit Testing the Developers run each functions and method of the Component effectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T12:22:09.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20249" CreationDate="2016-08-22T12:32:16.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;strong&gt;bug&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;defect&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A bug is getting a problem at the time of testing, where as a defect is problem that got by the customer in production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A bug is a fault in a program which causes it to behave abruptly. Bugs are usually found either during unit testing done by developer of module testing by testers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A defect is found when the application does not conform to the requirement specification. A defect can also be found when the client or user is testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T02:33:06.527" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T02:33:06.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22180" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-22T13:33:34.257" Score="0" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am making automation for Desktop .net application. one of the challanges i am facing is date combo box which is name changing everyday&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7KSwo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7KSwo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5wcuR.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5wcuR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uIItem22Ağustos2016PazDropDown&lt;/strong&gt; part changing everyday...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above i gave you the part of the interface and the code generated in background&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T16:04:43.150" Title="Coded UI - How can I assert a date field (combo box) which is changing name dynamically?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-22T13:51:59.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can enhance the product.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding to all the answers, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two things you already know. Tell yourself in such situations that,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No product is bug-free.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing is a never-ending process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There maybe a few reasons due to which you are in such a situation. The product you are working on, may be a matured, developed-for-a-long-time project. A lot of QA/Testers may have tested the product already. So you may not find a lot of bugs in the product. &lt;strong&gt;Never worry, There is always scope for enhancement.&lt;/strong&gt; Think yourself as a &quot;New-customer&quot; and document the troubles you are facing in using the application. Also understand the work flow and try to optimize, for example try to cut-down a few tasks which are unnecessarily drinking the system performance, something like that. These kind of tasks may apply to a quality assurance tester/engineer very much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20963" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T13:51:59.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22182" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-22T14:11:52.533" Score="2" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanna know about the vlc media player's software quality techniques, how they assure the quality of product (detailed).&#xA;I would like to know the following facts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What development model they follow ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By which method testing is done? Is there any further software developed for testing ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How bug reporting works (detailed process)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How they cooperates within teams to maintain software quality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the challanges they face day to day?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;                                     THANKS&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20965" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T15:41:22.063" Title="What are the techniques that VLC media player follows to assure software Quality?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-23T08:39:33.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22180" CreationDate="2016-08-22T14:29:43.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talk to developers to give the item permanent id. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure why name is changing, in my experience ID is usually dynamic, generated by framework and name is left alone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot get permanent ID, or name, try adding CSS class (and locate element by class). Or use CSS-style locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failing that, you are in for a world of pain: forever-flaky XPath. :-(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T16:04:43.150" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T16:04:43.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22158" CreationDate="2016-08-22T14:43:01.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Q1 and Q3 were sufficiently answered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;re Q2: Avoid XPath like a plague if you can. It is slow and flaky. Usually framework developers use (say Angular) uses dynamic IDs for elements. So take out developers for a pizza and explain them how important is to have a name or specific CSS class for all elements you need to interact with. CSS class are cheap, element can have multiple CSS classes and such class (used for locating elements) does not need to have any formatting associated with it - it is just an aid to locate elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course name or CSS class is not unique, so you will get array of elements. If you are lucky, the length of array is 1 and you are done. If less lucky, you can look over located elements and find out your target element by other properties. Always better that struggle with XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your developers are not responsive to need of testing and reluctant to help you by adding IDs/names//CSS classes, go to work to a company where they are: life is too short to fight with flaky XPath. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T14:43:01.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22182" CreationDate="2016-08-22T15:41:22.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is highly dependent on that specific product and its unlikely any of  us know how the VLC team tests their product in detail. You'd be better off asking such questions on their forum (&lt;a href=&quot;https://forum.videolan.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://forum.videolan.org/&lt;/a&gt;), their IRC channel or by visiting their bug tracker (&lt;a href=&quot;https://trac.videolan.org/vlc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://trac.videolan.org/vlc&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20967" LastActivityDate="2016-08-22T15:41:22.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22188" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-22T16:30:31.833" Score="4" ViewCount="7302" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to send many http requests (E.g: 500 http request) with different data (E.g: 500 data) at the same time. How can I do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: abc.com/path?param1=xyz&amp;amp;param2=qwe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'xyz' and 'qwe' are different with each http request.&#xA;Method: post&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me! Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20968" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T05:11:32.877" Title="How to send different http requests at the same time in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22188" CreationDate="2016-08-23T01:20:00.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible to send different data in each request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All you need to do is to have the data into a csv file with headers &lt;code&gt;param1,param2&lt;/code&gt; and followed by data in each row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the test, use the csv data and read it and pass the values to the http request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details, please refer the below documentation:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733689-Using-CSV-DATA-SET-CONFIG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733689-Using-CSV-DATA-SET-CONFIG&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15919" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T01:20:00.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10375" CreationDate="2016-08-23T02:46:03.520" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your scenario is,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;5 Users hitting 5 URLs(samplers) simultaneously.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what you need to do is, in your &lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt;, add &lt;strong&gt;5 Thread Groups&lt;/strong&gt;. In each Thread Group configure the number of &lt;strong&gt;Threads to 5&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Ramp Up to 0&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, add &lt;strong&gt;one HTTP Request sampler&lt;/strong&gt; in each &lt;strong&gt;Thread Group&lt;/strong&gt;. Configure each sampler according to the URL you want to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;strong&gt;Listener(s)&lt;/strong&gt; to your &lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt;. Save the Test Plan and Run your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Make sure you haven't selected the &quot;Run Thread Groups consecutively&quot; in the Test Plan.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T02:46:03.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22191" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22199" CreationDate="2016-08-23T04:20:45.740" Score="15" ViewCount="23081" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to automate drag and drop from a file in system to a website in selenium using TestNG? Same as we do in Gmail where we can send attachment by drag and drop operation? please suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17212" LastActivityDate="2018-07-17T11:38:23.380" Title="Is it possible to automate drag and drop from a file in system to a website in selenium using TestNG" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22191" CreationDate="2016-08-23T04:35:01.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you cannot do it. Selenium only interacts with HTML element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can handle uploading file case by using below code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;&#xA;element = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;fileUpload&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;element.send_keys(&quot;C:\myfile.txt&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;p/s: I copy this code from reference link below&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12851/how-can-i-work-with-file-uploads-during-a-webdriver-test&quot;&gt;How can I work with file uploads during a Webdriver test?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T06:42:03.993" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22191" CreationDate="2016-08-23T04:44:19.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use AutoIT it is a freeware BASIC-like scripting language designed for automating the Windows GUI and general scripting. It uses a combination of simulated keystrokes, mouse movement and window/control manipulation in order to automate task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can upload multiple files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/upload-a-file-using-selenium-webdriver-with-autoit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T04:44:19.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22188" CreationDate="2016-08-23T05:11:32.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given you have 500 threads in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; it shouldn't be a problem to send 500 requests at the same time, all you need is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Depending on where these &lt;code&gt;xyz&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;qwe&lt;/code&gt; values live you can use either &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__StringFromFile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;__StringFromFile()&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__CSVRead&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;__CSVRead()&lt;/a&gt; functions if the values are in file or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_PreProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JDBC PreProcessor&lt;/a&gt; if they're in a database instead of hard-coded values in the request. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeter-synchronizing-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt; as a child of your request and set &lt;code&gt;Number of Simulated Users to Group by&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;500&lt;/code&gt; - this way JMeter will fire the requests at exactly the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T05:11:32.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22196" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-23T09:06:11.243" Score="5" ViewCount="1342" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 1,150 test cases in my QC ALM and in Excel spreadsheet I have 1,075 test cases. There are 75 test cases which are duplicate in QC ALM and I need to remove them so that it matches the Excel test case count of 1,075.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to find and remove duplicate records from QC ALM?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:44:30.227" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T14:44:30.227" Title="How to find and remove duplicate records in QC ALM?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22191" CreationDate="2016-08-23T11:13:21.113" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes it's possible to drop a file with Selenium via a script injection. The script needs to create an &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; web element to receive the file sent by &lt;code&gt;SendKeys&lt;/code&gt;. Then simulate the &lt;code&gt;dragenter&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;dragover&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;drop&lt;/code&gt; events on the targeted element with the file set in the &lt;code&gt;dataTransfer&lt;/code&gt; object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This example drops an image from the file system on a drop area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://html5demos.com/file-api&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// locate the drop area&#xA;WebElement droparea = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#holder&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;// drop the file&#xA;DropFile(new File(&quot;C:\\Downloads\\image.png&quot;), droparea, 0, 0);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;DropFile&lt;/code&gt; method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void DropFile(File filePath, WebElement target, int offsetX, int offsetY) {&#xA;    if(!filePath.exists())&#xA;        throw new WebDriverException(&quot;File not found: &quot; + filePath.toString());&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = ((RemoteWebElement)target).getWrappedDriver();&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;&#xA;    String JS_DROP_FILE =&#xA;        &quot;var target = arguments[0],&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;    offsetX = arguments[1],&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;    offsetY = arguments[2],&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;    document = target.ownerDocument || document,&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;    window = document.defaultView || window;&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;var input = document.createElement('INPUT');&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;input.type = 'file';&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;input.style.display = 'none';&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;input.onchange = function () {&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;  var rect = target.getBoundingClientRect(),&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;      x = rect.left + (offsetX || (rect.width &amp;gt;&amp;gt; 1)),&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;      y = rect.top + (offsetY || (rect.height &amp;gt;&amp;gt; 1)),&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;      dataTransfer = { files: this.files };&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;  ['dragenter', 'dragover', 'drop'].forEach(function (name) {&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;    var evt = document.createEvent('MouseEvent');&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;    evt.initMouseEvent(name, !0, !0, window, 0, 0, 0, x, y, !1, !1, !1, !1, 0, null);&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;    evt.dataTransfer = dataTransfer;&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;    target.dispatchEvent(evt);&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;  });&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;  setTimeout(function () { document.body.removeChild(input); }, 25);&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;};&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;document.body.appendChild(input);&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;return input;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement input =  (WebElement)jse.executeScript(JS_DROP_FILE, target, offsetX, offsetY);&#xA;    input.sendKeys(filePath.getAbsoluteFile().toString());&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.stalenessOf(input));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastEditorUserId="16994" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T11:57:29.870" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T11:57:29.870" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8067" CreationDate="2016-08-23T11:42:48.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            StackExchange.ready(function () {&#xA;&#xA;                StackExchange.using(&quot;postValidation&quot;, function () {&#xA;                    StackExchange.postValidation.initOnBlurAndSubmit($('#post-form'), 2, 'answer');&#xA;                });&#xA;&#xA;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html itemscope itemtype=&quot;http://schema.org/QAPage&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;title&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;manual testing - What are the possible test scenario&amp;#39;s to test a Text field? - Software Quality Assurance &amp;amp; Testing Stack Exchange&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            StackExchange.question.init({showAnswerHelp:true,totalCommentCount:0,shownCommentCount:0,highlightColor:'#F4A83D',backgroundColor:'#FFF',questionId:8067});&#xA;&#xA;            styleCode();&#xA;&#xA;                StackExchange.realtime.subscribeToQuestion('244', '8067');&#xA;                                                                StackExchange.using(&quot;gps&quot;, function () { StackExchange.gps.trackOutboundClicks('#content', '.post-text'); });&#xA;&#xA;        });&#xA;    &amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20980" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-08-23T14:16:09.140" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T14:16:09.140" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18072" CreationDate="2016-08-23T12:31:02.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is Test bed a Tool? Or is it an Environment set-up?&#xA;Test bed is not tool, its just a environment/platform required for performing software/ product testing. Test bed could be defined as a kind of development environment for development team and a test environment for a test team in software testing company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to use Test Bed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any test bed / test environment will comprise of the hardware, software, and the networking in order to support the required configuration as per the test requirement to conduct the particular test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are some suggestions on how to effectively prepare the setup for testing:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tip 1: Understand the test requirements thoroughly and educate yourself&#xA;In order to perform testing for any product, you need to understand all the test requirement required to conduct your test.&#xA;This can be achieved by talking to the development team / architects/product specification document in order to build a good product knowledge base. This would not only save sometime in the execution cycle, but will also help a tester allocate his execution time effectively between simple and complex tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tip 2: Checking the connectivity&#xA;Another most important checkpoint is to make sure that the resources or assets you intend to use for testing are reachable. In case the system needs to be run integrated with other machines, check their connectivity with each other by using ping or telnet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tip 4: Check for the required hardware and software, licenses&#xA;Many a times it so happens that testers begin execution on the systems without checking the needed hardware and software that maybe required. As a result of this many a times a tester realizes almost during the testing cycle that certain functionality is available only on a higher level of hardware or software / firmware. At that time the tester will flag a blocker in his test effort which eats up considerable testing time. Hence it is a priceless practice to have a checkpoint to make a note of the hardware and software that is needed priorly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tip 5: Browsers and versions&#xA;The testing you do has to mirror what an end user will perform. He could be testing on a particular browser on the latest versions of all browsers. Hence it’s mandatory to identify the different kind of browsers that would be used for testing and have them installed in your own local test setup. Secondly, also identify what versions of browsers need to be used for testing. A good practice would be to start with a browser of the lower version, thereby ensuring backward compatibility and then upgrade to the latest version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where to Use Test Bed?&#xA;Test bed is platform/environment which are nothing other than the  tools/software/hardware/network that are required for conducting testing for a product or developing a software/product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is difference between Test Bed and Test Environment?&#xA;Both are the same,  environment created by tester are termed as Test Environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T12:31:02.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22202" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22206" CreationDate="2016-08-23T13:40:34.210" Score="12" ViewCount="870" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a question about DB privileges for QA tester.&#xA;Our company has set strict rules for DB privileges and QA tester has mostly just privileges to view/read for all tables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is occasionally case when tester needs to do changes in DB, and for fast / flexible testing activities is maybe good to have set better privileges (mean write) then just view in particular tables if not full DB. &#xA;There is also separated department for DB changes. For flexible testing, it is pretty uncomfortable (not flexible) to ask for this kind of change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If there is any rule on how to set privileges to DB set by QA documentation or is it strictly dependant on company policy ? (ISTQB, ISO ?)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is any strong argument on how to argue to grant better DB privileges for QA department as owner of the test environment ? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What should be the main argument ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17505" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T13:46:00.807" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T14:34:52.877" Title="QA testing - Database privileges" Tags="&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22202" CreationDate="2016-08-23T14:32:10.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is really a company specific question. Maybe your test environment is really complex and used by many people. In that case, maybe it is a good idea to not give out write access to everyone, only more experienced people. And meanwhile add additional test environments and keep them seperate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other cases, in my opinion. It's TEST environment, let testers do whatever they want, there should not be any argument even. If company sees testers as so incompetent they cant be trusted with test environments, then it is not a company you want to work for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T14:32:10.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22202" CreationDate="2016-08-23T14:50:19.310" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on how your process is set up. It makes sense to have read-only access to the Production environment for investigation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does QA have own copy of the system for integration testing (separate from development system)? In this QA system, QA should be able to make any changes. But even here, it would be smart to get proposed changes to be reviewed by DBA and/or developers, because (depending of the design of your system) might be easy to make manual changes which are not possible to do when using the system &quot;correctly&quot; using services, and database would be broken in hard-to-predict ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main argument is: &lt;strong&gt;what is the process which allows all of us as a team&lt;/strong&gt; (developers, QA, DBA, sysadmin) &lt;strong&gt;to be most productive and deliver the best value to our customers&lt;/strong&gt; for time invested? If some process requirements make you (QA) less productive without preventing bugs and delivering value, they should be reconsidered, modified, abandoned. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it does not mean that QA should be able to do &lt;strong&gt;anything they want&lt;/strong&gt; in QA system: If, say, they save some time but make more work to DBA, DBA has a valid point that such practice &lt;strong&gt;decreases&lt;/strong&gt; productivity of the whole team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no replacement to common sense and acting with good intentions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:23:20.293" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:23:20.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22208" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-23T16:00:35.327" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a software standard for Compliance / Conformance Testing of NTFS permissions, that you could run before an audit to see if everything has the permissions as expected, and if not that would report failures?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in this for purposes of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PCI DSS compliance&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might the software also have templates that can be applied to various web platforms / web servers and their plugins such as Wordpress or Joomla?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20988" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T06:33:22.187" Title="Compliance / Conformance Testing software for NTFS permissions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;files&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22202" CreationDate="2016-08-23T19:01:01.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you should have your own (QA) environment that you have full control over. You should also have a mechanism for resetting the state of that environment in case you mess it up. Testing requires numerous changes in test data, waiting for someone else to make a change for you will just slow you down and will lead to you just not running some tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-08-23T19:01:01.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22210" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-23T19:22:58.023" Score="1" ViewCount="3132" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will start by saying that I am new to Selenium and also to Java. I installed Selenium IDE, recorded some steps and modified this basic test and executed it as JUnit test within Eclipse. I was able to get something basic running against IE 11. However, I'm having a problem with Selenium clicking on an element. Another element that works, seems very similar so I don't understand what the problem is. &#xA;Below is the InspectElement results from IE for the page I am working with in our app.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lMCDo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lMCDo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;InspectElement screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The findElement for the &quot;Add Substation&quot; towards the bottom of my code below works fine.  The findElement for the &quot;Delete Substation&quot; that follows doesn't work.  I've tried multiple things and can't figure it out.  Again, I am quite new to Java and Selenium, so it may be something obvious to many of you...just not to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a portion of the code I am running:&#xA;//#######################################################################&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class UMS_test_1 {&#xA;  private String baseUrl;&#xA;  private boolean acceptNextAlert = true;&#xA;  private StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;  // Set path of IEDriverServer.exe.&#xA;  // Note : IEDriverServer.exe should be In C: drive.&#xA;  System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, &quot;C://IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  // Initialize InternetExplorerDriver Instance.&#xA;  WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;&#xA;baseUrl = &quot;https://10.10.10.10:8443/&quot;;&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testTry1SeleniumIDEJunitExport() throws Exception {&#xA;  System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, &quot;C://IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;  WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;&#xA;  //baseUrl = &quot;https://10.10.10.10:8443/&quot;;&#xA;  driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  &#xA;&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;continueToSite&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;  driver.get(baseUrl + &quot;/ams/login&quot;);&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;j_username&quot;)).clear();&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;j_username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;j_password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;j_password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginSubmit&quot;)).click();&#xA;  Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Add Substation&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;driver.get(baseUrl + &quot;/ams/substations_circuits&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Delete Substation&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//#######################################################################&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the error I receive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to find element with link text == Delete Substation (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I Googled and tried multiple solutions, but couldn't fix the problem.  I did find some code to print out the table elements and the Delete is returned as part of the list, so I don't understand why I can't find the Delete and click on it.  Here's the debug code I added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Code to loop through table and print contents (WORKING)&#xA;Thread.sleep(15000);&#xA;WebElement table_element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;subTable&quot;));&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows = table_element.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;id('subTable')/tbody/tr&quot;));&#xA;java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; i = rows.iterator();&#xA;while(i.hasNext()) {&#xA;    WebElement row = i.next();&#xA;    System.out.println(row.getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the results of debug code being run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add Substation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mmm Providence RI Edit RTU Edit Hands On Disabled Settings Delete&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should also note that I recorded this in Firefox with Selenium IDE to generate most of the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing that comes to mind is that there are only two rows in the subTable, Add Substation is the first and only element in the first row, Delete Substation is the last of many elements in the second row.  I think this may be part of the problem, but I'm not sure how to get around it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for any suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20991" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2019-06-17T07:43:38.067" LastActivityDate="2019-06-17T07:43:38.067" Title="Selenium cannot find element with link text, but a seemingly similar element works fine" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22210" CreationDate="2016-08-23T19:37:02.583" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Delete Substation&quot; is title, not link text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should add ID or name attribute to your anchor (element &amp;lt;a&gt;), and locate it by that, much more reliable. If you cannot add it yourself, ask/plead/beg your developers to add it for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Locating elements by ID/name/CSS is much more reliable&lt;/strong&gt; - XPath is last resort on websites of third parties where you have no leverage. You can see how many QAs are struggling with XPath, because QA got outsourced and they have no control, have to work twice as hard to get half the reliability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot do id/name locate it by CSS class &quot;deleteSubstation&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, next time try to paste source text and not the image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another advice: Avoid implicit waits, they WILL bite you. Google &quot;selenium implicit wait&quot; to learn why. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-06-14T19:03:35.047" LastActivityDate="2019-06-14T19:03:35.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22202" CreationDate="2016-08-23T22:36:26.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone should have all the ways to do your work properly.&#xA;It means a QA should have the tools and access to investigate known and to-be-discovered issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically it requires:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Full access to the product in some way (E.g., a test environment that properly mirrors the production environment - hardware and software);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The proper time to do the work;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Necessary support to do the work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding DB access, two aspects are important:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The access to a mirror test environment fully on your control and easily restorable;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Help from people with access to the production environment to create &lt;strong&gt;test &#xA;data&lt;/strong&gt; (fuzzed/smoked DB dump) necessary for your work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd raise these issues and attack them one by one, creating ways to efficiently work on issues on production/strict access environments. (Automation and continuous integration?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:22:15.523" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:22:15.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22213" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22217" CreationDate="2016-08-23T23:28:11.550" Score="21" ViewCount="44583" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen these two abbreviations being used interchangeably. Also, I have seen SLA being used as a catch all term for anything related to 'what the test is supposed to measure and compare against'.&#xA;SLO looks like a new entrant and is being used in web performance testing specifically.&#xA;My questions are: &#xA;What exactly is an SLO? How does it differ from SLA? From a performance testing point of view, how should these terms be used?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20993" LastActivityDate="2019-03-05T06:33:20.350" Title="What is the difference between SLA (Service Level Agreement) and SLO (Service Level Objective)?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22213" CreationDate="2016-08-24T01:42:03.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This topic is actually well discussed, please follow the links below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://searchcio.techtarget.com/answer/Whats-the-difference-between-SLO-and-SLA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Differences between SLA and SLO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/Whats-the-difference-between-Service-Level-Agreement-SLA-and-Service-Level-Objective-SLO-in-the-IT-industry&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SLA and SLO discussion on Quora&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-level_agreement&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SLA on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_level_objective&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SLO on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one sentence, SLO is part of SLA. SLA is a legal contract while SLO has some specific definitions regarding performance, which can be used to guide performance testings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="480" LastEditDate="2019-03-05T06:33:20.350" LastActivityDate="2019-03-05T06:33:20.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-24T02:16:05.097" Score="0" ViewCount="926" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I have a page that has been created in .net when I used the HTTP(s) Test Script Recorder and try to record login page, the page is sending a post request but the page is redirect to same. All the parameters are captured but upon submission of the page it redirects back to the same page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So while playing the recorded stuffs it does not allow to proceed. The page does not have any API written in back end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have even tried to correlate __RequestVerificationToken and ufprt parameters instead of viewstate/eventvalidation but that didn't work as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please refer to these images and help me with it? &#xA;Or is there an alternative solution to it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PngFL.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PngFL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s2u6K.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s2u6K.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iBMN4.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iBMN4.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q4si2.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q4si2.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HUxc8.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HUxc8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TYJfM.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TYJfM.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T05:23:08.850" Title="Login Via Jmeter for ASP page does not work" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;&lt;.net&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22213" CreationDate="2016-08-24T02:42:55.490" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A service level objective (SLO) is a key element of a service level agreement (SLA) between a service provider and a customer. SLOs are agreed as a means of measuring the performance of the Service Provider and are outlined as a way of avoiding disputes between the two parties based on misunderstanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Service level agreement(SLA)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A written agreement documenting the required levels of service.&#xA;The SLA is agreed on by the IT service provider and the business, or the IT service provider and a third-party provider.&#xA;A service-level agreement (SLA) is a contractual agreement outlining a specific service commitment made between contract parties -- a service provider and its customer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Service-level objectives (SLO)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each SLO corresponds with a single performance characteristic relevant to the delivery of an overall service. Some examples of SLOs would include: system availability, help desk incident resolution time and application response time.&#xA;A service level objective (SLO) is a key element of a service level agreement (SLA) between a service provider and a customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SLOs are agreed as a means of measuring the performance of the Service Provider&#xA;SLOs are outlined as a way of avoiding disputes between the two parties based on misunderstanding&#xA;The SLA is the entire agreement that specifies what service is to be provided&#xA;SLOs are specific measurable characteristics of the SLA such as availability, throughput, frequency, response time, or quality.&#xA;The term SLO is deprecated in ITIL V3 to Service Level Target&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T02:42:55.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22213" CreationDate="2016-08-24T04:32:04.573" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Service-level agreement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A service-level agreement is an agreement between two or more parties, where one is the customer and the others are service providers. This can be a legally binding formal or an informal &amp;quot;contract&amp;quot; (for example, internal department relationships).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The agreement may involve separate organizations, or different teams within one organization&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Contracts between the service provider and other third parties are often (incorrectly) called SLAs – because the level of service has been set by the (principal) customer, there can be no &amp;quot;agreement&amp;quot; between third parties; these agreements are simply &amp;quot;contracts.&amp;quot; Operational-level agreements or OLAs, however, may be used by internal groups to support SLAs. If some aspect of a service has not been agreed with the customer, it is not an &amp;quot;SLA&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Customer Based SLA&lt;/strong&gt; - An agreement with an individual customer group, covering all the services they use. For example, an SLA between a supplier (IT service provider) and the finance department of a large organization for the services such as finance system, payroll system, billing system, procurement/purchase system, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Service Based SLA&lt;/strong&gt; - An agreement for all customers using the services being delivered by the service provider&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multilevel SLA&lt;/strong&gt; -  The SLA is split into the different levels, each addressing different set of customers for the same services, in the same SLA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Corporate-level SLA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Customer-level SLA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Service-level SLA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Service-level objectives (SLO)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A service level objective (SLO) is a key element of a service level&#xA;agreement (SLA) between a service provider and a customer. SLOs are&#xA;agreed as a means of measuring the performance of the Service Provider&#xA;and are outlined as a way of avoiding disputes between the two parties&#xA;based on misunderstanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is often confusion in the use of SLA and SLO. The SLA is the&#xA;entire agreement that specifies what service is to be provided, how it&#xA;is supported, times, locations, costs, performance, and&#xA;responsibilities of the parties involved. SLOs are specific measurable&#xA;characteristics of the SLA such as availability, throughput,&#xA;frequency, response time, or quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_level_objective&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Service Level Objective, Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2018-07-30T11:45:37.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22215" CreationDate="2016-08-24T05:09:08.793" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter's built-in script recorder tends to create problems with the test scripts when the URL is SSL encrypted (HTTPS). This may be because JMeter uses proxy when recording the scripts and while running the recorded test script the proxy isn't available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For recording the Performance Test scripts for JMeter I prefer to use Blazemeter's Chrome Extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The extension records all the required credentials, cookies and sessions for the page access and also works well with HTTPS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All you require for this is, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to be logged in with a Blazemeter account (which is free). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Record your test script as you browser in Google Chrome. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you are done with it export the recorded script in JMX format. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load the JMX in JMeter and make any changes required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add some Listeners and you are good to go!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T05:09:08.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22219" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-24T05:49:50.860" Score="1" ViewCount="1479" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Test case in which I logs into the application, then on the Home page there are 7 links and I need to perform testing for all these 7 links by clicking each link and performing a series of actions for each link. I can do this sequentially very easy by clicking on first link then performing all actions related to that link than came back again to the home page and then again click on 2nd link and so on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the problem is that testing for each link takes around 10-20 minutes and I want to perform it parallely. and I also can't login same user on two browser instances (Logging the same user again terminates the older session). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So the only way to perform it paralelly is to initialize a Webdriver object, login through it and go to home page, Then create 7 copies of this Webdriver object(say driver1, driver2, driver 3...) and then perform each link testing in a separate browser instance.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am having problem how to create copies of an already opened web page and open them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T14:20:30.120" LastActivityDate="2020-08-18T21:01:55.190" Title="How to use automation to test an application that terminates all other sessions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22221" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-24T06:24:26.533" Score="0" ViewCount="1195" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to execute some CodedUI test actions in Visual Studio 2012 using various browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to execute several test methods without losing the browser window that is open, for IE I've configured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Global.browserWindow = BrowserWindow.Launch(new Uri(URL));&#xA;Global.browserWindow.CloseOnPlaybackCleanup = false;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other browsers (tried out with Chrome) before instantiating the above variable, I changed the &lt;code&gt;CurrentBrowser&lt;/code&gt; settings: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;BrowserWindow.CurrentBrowser = &quot;Chrome&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've installed the extension: Selenium components for Cross Browser Testing and also downloaded the &lt;code&gt;chromediver.exe&lt;/code&gt; (which is required for this configuration).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm able to start the first &lt;code&gt;TestMethod&lt;/code&gt; that launches the Chrome browser and performs the login into the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have in the &lt;code&gt;Ordertest&lt;/code&gt; other test methods that should be executed after that login, but the main issue is that the chrome window is closed after the first test is executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also tried to start the browser within a &lt;code&gt;ClassInitialize&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;TestInitialize&lt;/code&gt; method but the behavior is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any idea of how to keep the non-IE browser open between tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20982" LastEditorUserId="12541" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T17:09:21.653" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T19:53:40.817" Title="How to reuse non-IE browsers in CodedUI using C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22219" CreationDate="2016-08-24T08:55:26.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know how you had setup your scripts, I am not sure whether you have &lt;strong&gt;created any framework or running recorded script from Selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt;. But I can give you the &lt;strong&gt;Basic data flow structure&lt;/strong&gt; that you could use to &lt;strong&gt;built your automation framework&lt;/strong&gt;, which can run tests parallel or you can call same webdriver instance in multiple scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Create a setup file which will instantiate the webdriver instance.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     public class Setup(){&#xA;     WebDriver d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            @Before&#xA;            public void setup(){&#xA;                d.get(&quot;http://xyz.com&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Now create your testscript say LoginTest and extends Setup class, so that your driver instance will be available to other scripts or globally as shown,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public Class LoginTest extends Setup {&#xA;    //start your test&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void testSomething(){&#xA;    // your script code clicking on link&#xA;    // you button press &#xA;    }&#xA;    }   &#xA;&#xA;    public Class SignUpTest extends Setup {&#xA;    //start your test&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void testSignup(){&#xA;    // your script code clicking on link&#xA;    // you button press &#xA;    }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@Before&lt;/code&gt; are &lt;code&gt;TestNG&lt;/code&gt;(Unit Testing tool) annotations. Now create &lt;strong&gt;TestNG xml&lt;/strong&gt;(name it &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt;) file to run your tests which would be like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;example suite 1&quot; verbose=&quot;1&quot;  parallel=&quot;tests&quot; thread-count=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;test name=&quot;suite 1&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;class name=&quot;SignUpTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;class name=&quot;LoginTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can run this &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; file and verify the above 02 tests will run in parallel. Same thing you can do with your scenario run 07 tests in parallel. Please refer to this &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;  for best information on automated testing services details. Hope that help you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Further If you provide more information about your question like what you have done, where you stuck with more details, I can help you in better way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T08:11:44.973" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T08:11:44.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22223" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22225" CreationDate="2016-08-24T10:51:47.313" Score="0" ViewCount="347" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using behat/mink, I'm testing the &quot;remember me&quot; functionality.  Functionally, when the user visits the main page, javascript/ajax code verifies if the user is &quot;remembered&quot;.  If yes, then the javascripts redirects to another page. My &lt;code&gt;LoginPage&lt;/code&gt; is defined with &lt;code&gt;$path = '/login.html'&lt;/code&gt; - after the redirect, I will end up on &lt;code&gt;/main.html&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my context, I use &lt;code&gt;$loginPage-&amp;gt;open()&lt;/code&gt; - however this throws exception &lt;code&gt;Expected to be on &quot;https://example.com/login.html&quot; but found &quot;https://example.com/main.html&quot; instead&lt;/code&gt;.  Naturally, this aborts the execution and results in the test failing - yet this is exactly the behaviour I want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I tell behat/mink to &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; verify URL or ignore URL mismatch?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21001" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T23:34:56.463" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T23:34:56.463" Title="Behat/mink - Javascript redirect on page-&gt;open" Tags="&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;behat&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22773" CreationDate="2016-08-24T11:07:18.417" Score="1" ViewCount="2852" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to send a Zip file to an endpoint in the body of a REST request as a binary stream. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I accomplish this using SoapUI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply adding the attachment to the tab does not include it in the body as it does for an HTTP Request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="20899" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T11:33:27.010" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T09:43:42.400" Title="How do you send a ZIP file in the request body in SoapUI / ReadyAPI" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22223" CreationDate="2016-08-24T11:19:34.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you check the open() method you will see that the check that fails for you is when is checking the url parameters in verify() method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to avoid this you can override this method to check only for the response and not the url parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to do this you need to extend Page and declare a new method like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public function verify(array $urlParameters){&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;verifyResponse();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T11:19:34.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9655" CreationDate="2016-08-24T11:48:40.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the following code, it worked for me -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((JavascriptExecutor) d).executeScript(&quot;window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21003" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T11:48:40.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-24T13:00:12.497" Score="1" ViewCount="5491" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having a problem with a Cancel button which can be clicked manually, but fails when I try to get Selenium to click on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The button is being identified, but when I assert if the button is clickable, it says that it's not clickable (despite the button being enabled and me being able to click it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We're unable to see any difference between the properties of this button and the cancel buttons on other windows (besides the ID), but only this one seems to be not clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone come across an issue like this before?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button id = &quot;sending-manual-cancel&quot; class=&quot;btn btn danger&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; ng-click=&quot;cancel(true)&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stack trace looks as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;self =  response = {'sessionId':&#xA;  '4e0906ecb402b33e58384ddd4d55e714', 'status': 11, 'value': {'message':&#xA;  'element not visible\n  (Session ...ver info: chromedriver=2.22.397933&#xA;  (1cab651507b88dec79b2b2a22d1943c01833cc1b),platform=Windows NT&#xA;  10.0.10586 x86_64)'}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def check_response(self, response):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;        Checks that a JSON response from the WebDriver does not have an error.&#xA;&#xA;        :Args:&#xA;         - response - The JSON response from the WebDriver server as a dictionary&#xA;           object.&#xA;&#xA;        :Raises: If the response contains an error message.&#xA;        &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    status = response.get('status', None)&#xA;    if status is None or status == ErrorCode.SUCCESS:&#xA;        return&#xA;&#xA;    value = None&#xA;    message = response.get(&quot;message&quot;, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;    screen = response.get(&quot;screen&quot;, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;    stacktrace = None&#xA;    if isinstance(status, int):&#xA;        value_json = response.get('value', None)&#xA;        if value_json and isinstance(value_json, basestring):&#xA;            import json&#xA;            try:&#xA;                value = json.loads(value_json)&#xA;                status = value.get('error', None)&#xA;                if status is None:&#xA;                    status = value[&quot;status&quot;]&#xA;                    message = value[&quot;value&quot;]&#xA;                    if not isinstance(message, basestring):&#xA;                        value = message&#xA;                        try:&#xA;                            message = message['message']&#xA;                        except TypeError:&#xA;                            message = None&#xA;                else:&#xA;                    message = value.get('message', None)&#xA;            except ValueError:&#xA;                pass&#xA;&#xA;    exception_class = ErrorInResponseException&#xA;    if status in ErrorCode.NO_SUCH_ELEMENT:&#xA;        exception_class = NoSuchElementException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.NO_SUCH_FRAME:&#xA;        exception_class = NoSuchFrameException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.NO_SUCH_WINDOW:&#xA;        exception_class = NoSuchWindowException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.STALE_ELEMENT_REFERENCE:&#xA;        exception_class = StaleElementReferenceException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.ELEMENT_NOT_VISIBLE:&#xA;        exception_class = ElementNotVisibleException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.INVALID_ELEMENT_STATE:&#xA;        exception_class = InvalidElementStateException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.INVALID_SELECTOR \&#xA;            or status in ErrorCode.INVALID_XPATH_SELECTOR \&#xA;            or status in ErrorCode.INVALID_XPATH_SELECTOR_RETURN_TYPER:&#xA;        exception_class = InvalidSelectorException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.ELEMENT_IS_NOT_SELECTABLE:&#xA;        exception_class = ElementNotSelectableException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.INVALID_COOKIE_DOMAIN:&#xA;        exception_class = WebDriverException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.UNABLE_TO_SET_COOKIE:&#xA;        exception_class = WebDriverException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.TIMEOUT:&#xA;        exception_class = TimeoutException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.SCRIPT_TIMEOUT:&#xA;        exception_class = TimeoutException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.UNKNOWN_ERROR:&#xA;        exception_class = WebDriverException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_ALERT_OPEN:&#xA;        exception_class = UnexpectedAlertPresentException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.NO_ALERT_OPEN:&#xA;        exception_class = NoAlertPresentException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.IME_NOT_AVAILABLE:&#xA;        exception_class = ImeNotAvailableException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.IME_ENGINE_ACTIVATION_FAILED:&#xA;        exception_class = ImeActivationFailedException&#xA;    elif status in ErrorCode.MOVE_TARGET_OUT_OF_BOUNDS:&#xA;        exception_class = MoveTargetOutOfBoundsException&#xA;    else:&#xA;        exception_class = WebDriverException&#xA;    if value == '' or value is None:&#xA;        value = response['value']&#xA;    if isinstance(value, basestring):&#xA;        if exception_class == ErrorInResponseException:&#xA;            raise exception_class(response, value)&#xA;        raise exception_class(value)&#xA;    if message == &quot;&quot; and 'message' in value:&#xA;        message = value['message']&#xA;&#xA;    screen = None&#xA;    if 'screen' in value:&#xA;        screen = value['screen']&#xA;&#xA;    stacktrace = None&#xA;    if 'stackTrace' in value and value['stackTrace']:&#xA;        stacktrace = []&#xA;        try:&#xA;            for frame in value['stackTrace']:&#xA;                line = self._value_or_default(frame, 'lineNumber', '')&#xA;                file = self._value_or_default(frame, 'fileName', '&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt;')&#xA;                if line:&#xA;                    file = &quot;%s:%s&quot; % (file, line)&#xA;                meth = self._value_or_default(frame, 'methodName', '&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt;')&#xA;                if 'className' in frame:&#xA;                    meth = &quot;%s.%s&quot; % (frame['className'], meth)&#xA;                msg = &quot;    at %s (%s)&quot;&#xA;                msg = msg % (meth, file)&#xA;                stacktrace.append(msg)&#xA;        except TypeError:&#xA;            pass&#xA;    if exception_class == ErrorInResponseException:&#xA;        raise exception_class(response, message)&#xA;    elif exception_class == UnexpectedAlertPresentException and 'alert' in value:&#xA;        raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace, value['alert'].get('text'))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;  selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotVisibleException: Message:&#xA;  element not visible E         (Session info: chrome=51.0.2704.103) E&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.22.397933&#xA;  (1cab651507b88dec79b2b2a22d1943c01833cc1b),platform=Windows NT&#xA;  10.0.10586 x86_64)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py:194:&#xA;  ElementNotVisibleException&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21006" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T04:00:43.773" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:00:43.773" Title="Button not clickable with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5663" CreationDate="2016-08-24T13:57:21.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use three steps with chrome and it works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to &quot;about:blank&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get element &quot;body&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On that element send keys &quot;Esc&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21008" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T03:27:26.313" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T03:27:26.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22229" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22261" CreationDate="2016-08-24T17:14:35.927" Score="1" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using the &lt;strong&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/strong&gt; to make automated tests but I can only run those tests within the IDE- which means I can only run them under Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I simply export my tests to one of the offered export languages and cross browser test from there or do I need to start using Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20824" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T15:39:10.373" Title="Is knowledge in Webdriver needed in order to do automated cross-browser testing with Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7178" CreationDate="2016-08-24T17:22:08.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If you are using Selenium IDE, you can do this: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Declaration in Selenium IDE:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeExpression&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;SEM W880 Black&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;name_of_your_variable&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//a[contains(text(),'${name_of_your_variable}')]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply put, you can store the variable and use it between simple quotes. &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Please take note that the target field, in Selenium IDE is without any kind of quotes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21013" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T17:22:08.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22229" CreationDate="2016-08-24T17:29:47.800" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To write competent test (using pageobject design pattern) you need &lt;strong&gt;real&lt;/strong&gt; programming skills. No IDE will generate for you test which will be easy to maintain and update as pages change (which they always do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests are programs. There is no shortcut to become competent programmer. Maybe this one: Python is widely considered as best language for beginners. Yes, it will take you few years to become competent. There is no silver bullet. Deal with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-08-24T17:29:47.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22233" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22234" CreationDate="2016-08-24T23:51:33.833" Score="2" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;How does one go about doing functional tests on mobile applications? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally one could write an automated test suite to run in an emulator or something but I don't know of any native emulators that actually run that well; nor do I know of an automation solution that would run within the emulator. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you just go through and &quot;press all the buttons&quot; and such?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20824" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T07:37:32.153" Title="Functional test on mobile applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22233" CreationDate="2016-08-25T01:17:42.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;WoW, this is a big question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depends on which OS you were referring to, there ARE some good platforms that allow you to run automated test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testdroid.com/tech/top-5-android-testing-frameworks-with-examples&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Android&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iOS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a very good article on Wikipedia you can read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_application_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile application testing in general&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article is worth reading as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.keynote.com/resources/white-papers/testing-strategies-tactics-for-mobile-applications&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mobile application testing techniques&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISTQB mobile testing certificate also provides a comprehensive overview:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.astqb.org/get-certified/mobile-tester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;You can find its course syllabus here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T01:17:42.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22233" CreationDate="2016-08-25T05:12:09.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe like all projects, it's important to have scope. Also, ask a few questions and analyse: what's new in this project? is it new or updated hardware? new OS? updated OS? new app?  updated app? updated firmware? with accessories or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like all projects, there's only so much time and resources available. so, analyse and then plan accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T05:12:09.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22215" CreationDate="2016-08-25T05:23:08.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking into the provided images I'm not very surprised to see your login attempt failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your first screenshot shows that you're using login POST method as a very first request &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your third screenshot shows an internal server error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to issue a GET request to login page prior to the POST one as &quot;normal&quot; user would do, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GET request to the Login Page&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract &lt;code&gt;__RequestVerificationToken&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ufprt&lt;/code&gt; with i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;POST to the Login Page - pass credentials and variables holding dynamic values of the &lt;code&gt;__RequestVerificationToken&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ufprt&lt;/code&gt; parameters. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for some reason you are not able to do it on your own - there is an alternative solution for JMeter test scripts recording which is smart enough to detect and correlate dynamic parameters automatically. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-cut-your-jmeter-scripting-time-80&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Cut Your JMeter Scripting Time by 80%&lt;/a&gt; for details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T05:23:08.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22238" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-25T09:20:32.183" Score="0" ViewCount="996" Body="&lt;p&gt;Root cause analysis is one of the key work of a QA tester, which can help in fixing the issue faster. We use logs and Firebug. The request fails and we can say, this request fails, this command fails etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is there a tool or a way by which we can say exactly where the issue resides and what can we do to solve the issue? Or does this come only by experience? Assuming that the tester has a decent knowledge of how the code is designed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20963" LastEditorUserId="21021" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T12:15:49.143" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T20:57:50.850" Title="What are the tools for root cause analysis?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22229" CreationDate="2016-08-25T09:50:12.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of course you can export those tests and run them. Google is full with examples. Did you check it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you simply use chrome or ie driver instead of firefox driver to run tests. (in that sense, yes, you need knowledge about webdriver to do cross-browser testing with Selenium)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And i imagine you will run into some problems on the way and it wont be simple and hassle free in the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answer is Yes, but ..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And again, ask about details to google first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T09:56:23.483" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T09:56:23.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22227" CreationDate="2016-08-25T10:20:04.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that element is not visible at the time selenium wants to click it. And it is different than if it was visible but not clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try adding explicit wait for element to be visible, or implicit wait right before you assert if its clickable / click it. Then check if that solves problem or not. If it does then write better checks before actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it doesnt there is a problem with locating element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T10:20:04.970" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22242" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22244" CreationDate="2016-08-25T10:48:53.437" Score="-1" ViewCount="8235" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different views on software quality?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Please explain me in details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T07:43:31.090" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T07:43:31.090" Title="Explain different views on software quality?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-26T03:14:05.743" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18072" CreationDate="2016-08-25T11:00:07.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testbed&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;test bed&lt;/strong&gt; is a platform for conducting rigorous, transparent, and replicable testing of scientific theories, computational tools, and new technologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;test environment&lt;/strong&gt; is the required hardware and software technologies needed to conduct testing. A test bed is not a tool. It is a platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T21:22:59.553" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T21:22:59.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22242" CreationDate="2016-08-25T11:03:06.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Views of Software Quality&#xA;David Garvins described software quality from five different perspectives:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Transcendental view&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Quality is something that can be recognized but not defined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;User view&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Quality is fitness for purpose. This view of quality evaluates the product in a task context, how the product meet the user's needs. It can thus be a highly &#xA;personalized view. This view is often measured by reliability, usability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manufactoring view&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Quality is conformance to specification. It focuses on how well the product was constructed, in an effort to avoid the costs associated with rework during development and after delivery. Defect counts and rework costs are two characteristics to measure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Product view&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Quality is tied to inherent product characteristics. It assumes that measuring and controlling internal product properties (internal quality indicators) will result in improved external product behavior (quality in use).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Value-based view&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Quality depends on the amount the customer is willing to pay for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software quality is customer satisfaction. Indeed customer satisfaction should be a result of delivering a quality product, but satisfaction can be influenced by many things and is not the same as quality. Moreover, customers routinely are satisfied by poor quality and not satisfied by high quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ia.hiof.no/~kyvh/se/modules/se/softqua.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Refer This&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T11:03:06.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22238" CreationDate="2016-08-25T11:23:55.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There isn't a &quot;one tool suitable for everything&quot; concept.&#xA;For example, Firebug won't be of any help to you if you're testing a desktop or a mobile application, or even a web application that only works on IE (given the fact that you mentioned Firebug and not Developer Tools).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now assuming that you're referring to web applications, again it's not something exact that works for everything. While you can debug to some extent stuff in your browser using Developer Tools (or Firebug) to go deeper into the issue it's getting more complex.&#xA;Like the web server type that's hosting your application, programming language, databases, etc etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that would apply to all are, like you mentioned, the logs. But this usually depends on how much the developers chose to add to the logs for the application. Then you have your web server logs, Event viewer, and why not, even the programming IDE for you to debug the problems (given that you have access to the code repository).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T11:23:55.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22238" CreationDate="2016-08-25T11:28:12.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the main purposes of Firebug and other browser developer tools is to debug your website, therefore they already provide tools to do some root cause analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you say, they help you to get to know that the reason for a failing command is a failing network request. Or they can tell you via a performance analysis that a recursive call to a JavaScript function is taking a lot of time, which makes your page unresponsive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The connection between issue and reason still needs to be done by yourself. Tools can't draw that conclusion for you.&#xA;E.g. a tool doesn't know that a JavaScript function you tried to call is within a file, which failed to load. That requires knowledge of the application logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21021" LastEditorUserId="21021" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T11:33:27.103" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T11:33:27.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20446" CreationDate="2016-08-25T12:01:03.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Your Project, you have added log4j JAR but in your code you have not used any logs.&#xA;This Warning can be ignored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21023" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T07:43:21.410" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T07:43:21.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22249" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-08-25T12:18:50.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Stress Testing: A type of performance testing conducted to evaluate a system or component at or beyond the limits of its anticipated or specified workloads, or with reduced availability of resources such as access to memory or servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Stress testing&lt;/a&gt; is for ensuring fault tolerance capability of the application: it refers to tests that put a greater emphasis on robustness, availability and error handling under a heavy load, rather than on what would be considered correct behaviour under normal circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, as the load on the system increases the system throws errors or behaves unexpectedly. The stress test targets exactly this behaviour. Determining that the software handles the load gracefully without crashing is the aim of this test. In particular, the goals of such testing may be to ensure the software does not crash in conditions of insufficient computational resources (such as memory or disk space), unusually high concurrency, or denial of service attacks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T05:47:42.560" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T05:47:42.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22250" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-08-25T12:18:50.683" Score="0" Body="Stress testing is a form of testing that is used to determine the stability of a given system or entity. It involves testing beyond normal operational capacity, often to a breaking point, in order to observe the results." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T05:48:05.850" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T05:48:05.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15486" CreationDate="2016-08-25T12:31:43.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Script commonly refers to Automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is difference in using it interchangeably. But scripts generally refers to shell/perl/python scripts in computing. When you consider language(not programming languages) script is a word that refers to a document that has some information. So commonly test script refers to automation...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20963" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T14:08:54.737" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T14:08:54.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22229" CreationDate="2016-08-25T12:40:54.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes @8protons &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just by changing the web driver you can execute your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instead of Firefox you can use Chrome or Safari&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I observed switching from FF to chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Few click doesn't work using .submit() or .click() or vice-versa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other elements like drop-down, text fields works well but in between you may need to fine tune it with your browser &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You analyze and implement those small things it would be faster to fix if you have a good knowledge about webdriver. Otherwise it will be fairly time consuming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T12:40:54.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22253" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-08-25T12:42:05.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Defect tracking is the process of tracking the logged defects in a product from beginning to closure (by inspection, testing, or recording feedback from customers), and making new versions of the product that fix the defects. Defect tracking is important in software engineering as complex software systems typically have tens or hundreds or thousands of defects: managing, evaluating and prioritizing these defects is a difficult task. When the numbers of defects gets quite large, and the defects need to be tracked over extended periods of time, use of a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bug_tracking_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;defect tracking system&lt;/a&gt; can make the management task much easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T05:47:52.977" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T05:47:52.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22254" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-08-25T12:42:05.460" Score="0" Body="Defect tracking is the process of tracking the logged defects in a product from beginning to closure" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T05:47:59.533" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T05:47:59.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15486" CreationDate="2016-08-25T13:27:20.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am expecting all answers must be aligned, But there is a difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User[Non-technical] readable steps are mentioned to test particular scenario is called as Test Case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User[Technical] readable steps written in programming language are referred as Test Script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test case is a documentation which specifies input values, expected output and the preconditions for executing the test. [Reference - ISTQB book]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This terminology mostly used for Manual Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Script:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test script in software testing is a set of instructions that will be performed on the system under test to test that the system functions as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This terminology mostly used for Automation Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T13:27:20.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22256" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-08-25T14:16:59.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test estimation is the process of predicting the time and effort required to accomplish testing of the product or feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T05:48:10.747" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T05:48:10.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22257" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-08-25T14:16:59.157" Score="0" Body="Test estimation is the process of predicting the time and effort required to accomplish testing of the product or feature." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T05:47:46.900" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T05:47:46.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22259" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-25T14:59:33.850" Score="5" ViewCount="15863" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var webdriverio = require('webdriverio');&#xA;var options = {&#xA;    desiredCapabilities: {&#xA;        browserName: 'firefox'&#xA;    }&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;webdriverio&#xA;    .remote(options)&#xA;    .init()&#xA;    .url('http://google.com')&#xA;.setValue('.gsfi', 'webdriver')&#xA;//.pause(3000)&#xA;.keys('Enter')&#xA;//    .click('#btnG')&#xA;&#xA;    .getTitle().then(function(title) {&#xA;        console.log('Title was: ' + title);&#xA;    })&#xA;    .end();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code opens google.com, enters &lt;code&gt;webdriver&lt;/code&gt;, but &lt;code&gt;.keys('Enter')&lt;/code&gt; does not send &lt;code&gt;enter&lt;/code&gt;. Instead the webbrowser remains open and nothing happens. Another attempt was &lt;code&gt;.click('#btnG')&lt;/code&gt;, but nothing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21027" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T21:58:27.203" Title="How to send an Enter using webdriverio?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22259" CreationDate="2016-08-25T15:08:08.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Concise&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A snippet from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gridlastic.com/webdriverio-example.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this example&lt;/a&gt; fixed the issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.setValue('*[name=&quot;q&quot;]','webdriverio')&#xA;.click('*[name=&quot;btnG&quot;]')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Verbose&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var webdriverio = require('webdriverio');&#xA;var options = {&#xA;    desiredCapabilities: {&#xA;        browserName: 'firefox'&#xA;    }&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;webdriverio&#xA;    .remote(options)&#xA;    .init()&#xA;    .url('http://google.com')&#xA;    .setValue('*[name=&quot;q&quot;]','webdriverio')&#xA;    .click('*[name=&quot;btnG&quot;]')&#xA;    .pause(3000)&#xA;    .getTitle().then(function(title) {&#xA;        console.log('Title was: ' + title);&#xA;    })&#xA;    .end();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21027" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T15:08:08.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22229" CreationDate="2016-08-25T15:25:59.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exporting the tests may take care of ~90% of the task at hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The work you'll mostly likely need to do is patch ups, such as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Calling upon the different webdrivers (&lt;em&gt;Chrome, Internet Explorer&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); //as opposed to new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fixing brittle locators (&lt;em&gt;If your tests identify elements by &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;, they're stable. If they make use of &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt; locators, your tests will be brittle because XPath isn't the same from one browser to another&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/239/which-locator-do-you-use-with-selenium-css-or-xpath&quot;&gt;Which locator do you use with Selenium: CSS or XPath?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting off in the IDE with one language, the way you have, and then patching up to make things work across different browsers is a great way to move forward fast. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't need much knowledge of Selenium Webdriver. It will be self-explanatory when the test fails. And you have a lot of resources via Google to help you when that happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14889" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T15:39:10.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22238" CreationDate="2016-08-25T15:47:56.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer your direct questions: &lt;strong&gt;You are correct that there is no universal process to identifying and/or fixing an issue's root cause.&lt;/strong&gt; But this is obvious (if this task could be truly automated we wouldn't need developers, let alone QA!) so I think maybe you are looking for something like: &lt;em&gt;what can be done to improve the quality and accuracy of root cause analysis?&lt;/em&gt; Or, &lt;em&gt;how deep does a root cause analysis need to go to be valuable/sufficient?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I work, as part of our root cause analysis template we are required to answer &quot;5 Whys&quot;. Or, what are the first five contributing factors to the issue? An example might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What? Customers cannot order our product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why(1)? Customers receive a 404 error when navigating to the&#xA;eCommerce website.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why(2)? DNS for the eCommerce website is not pointing to the expected&#xA;IP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why(3)? Our ISP has intentionally re-pointed DNS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why(4)? Our ISP has closed our account with them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why(5)? We haven't payed our ISP's bills in 6 months.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I like about this system is that the specificity of your final &quot;Why&quot; is proportional to the complexity of the issue. The above issue is high level and conceptually simple, and so the &quot;Whys&quot; proceed quickly to an equally high level root cause. But when you perform this task on more code heavy issues you will find that the &quot;Whys&quot; quickly become much more low level, which matches how the issue will be addressed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;5 Whys&quot; approach also gives the analyzer a clear stopping point (this is important because without a stopping point a QA resource doing a RCA is just a developer fixing a bug - which is inefficient for most teams) In the above example, we could certainly go to &quot;Why(6)&quot; and &quot;Why(7)&quot; if we wanted to (&lt;em&gt;The bills are sitting unopened on Joe's desk&lt;/em&gt; -&gt; &lt;em&gt;We fired Joe 6 months ago&lt;/em&gt;). But this is probably not necessary. By the time we have reached &quot;Why(5)&quot; we already know what the root cause of the issue is and have a good idea who to escalate to. This works the other way too. Some complex issues will not be nearly as clear by &quot;Why(5)&quot;. This is OK, because it serves as an indicator that the analyzer is either out of their depth, or the issue is broad enough in scope that an early hand-off is warranted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To summarize:&lt;/strong&gt; Consider a &quot;5 Whys&quot; approach to root cause analysis to constrain the scope of the analysis activity. In my experience this approach provides a deep and targeted analysis of issues which can be readily probed, while minimizing the time an analyzer can spend &quot;spinning their wheels&quot; on issues that turn out not to be easily pinned down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: The &quot;5&quot; in &quot;5 Whys&quot; is not the magic. &quot;5&quot; works well for us, but it is easy to imagine that for other teams or processes &quot;3 Whys&quot; is a more sensible approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note #2: If you do use this system, you &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; always provide all X &quot;Whys&quot;. It is tempting to stop when &quot;Why(4)&quot; is as concrete as, &quot;The for loop has an off-by-one error.&quot; But this is a mistake! If we're only a few levels deep in the &quot;Why&quot; stack this means that the causes leading up to the issue were not numerous enough to justify the issue occurring and their may be a process/architecture/whatever improvement available to us. &lt;strong&gt;Find&lt;/strong&gt; the final &quot;Why&quot;. For us it is often, &quot;There was no unit test for XYZ.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20921" LastEditorUserId="20921" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T20:57:50.850" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T20:57:50.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22263" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22270" CreationDate="2016-08-25T16:35:22.780" Score="0" ViewCount="481" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use gherkin syntax to write the scenarios of features that involve user interaction. However, I'm not sure if it is the correct syntax to describe scenarios to test backend applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your answer is yes, could you give me an example of how you would do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your answer is no, could you recommend an alternative?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for your answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17370" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T23:28:43.577" Title="Is it ok to use Gherkin syntax to describe scenarios for backend applications?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22267" CreationDate="2016-08-25T17:30:43.850" Score="1" ViewCount="236" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some things I have noticed from working as a QA Analyst for 1+ years:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the development team, the QA Analyst is the least respected. They are perceived as low skilled (manual testers) and are often ignored in time estimates.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some developers ignore the comments made by a QA Analyst and go directly to the product owner. If a QA Analyst complains about a specific feature, the product owner has ultimate authority over any complaint filed by the QA Analyst.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers look down on all forms of manual testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing is extremely boring and is not intellectually satisfying.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers are treated more like resources who verify bugs/stories as opposed to doing coding (development) work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester, I am a reasonably hard worker. Some of the other testers that I work with watch Youtube videos at work and generally don't test well. I find bugs in development work for their projects. Do similar situations happen at other companies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to become a developer and as a manual tester I am extremely bored. I am also fairly well educated and testing doesn't seem to use any of my analytical skills. I think I should get out of the software industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21029" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T20:52:28.507" Title="Why is software testing so low ranked inside the development hierachy?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-08-25T21:35:00.333" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22264" CreationDate="2016-08-25T20:07:36.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is a valid and valuable observation for team dynamics within the SDLC.  The lack of experience indicates the gaps in &quot;opinion/frustration&quot; versus the actual topic/question that should be asked.  In this case the question you are posing is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;How do I constructively increase the value put on &quot;Quality&quot; inside of a development team dynamic, while at the same time increasing my ability to work well in this environment?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a number of factors at play and the first is the most important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many quality issues currently exist in the product/process?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal of QA is to ensure the quality.  The amount of slippage in quality is a direct connection to the importance of the role.  If there are never any issues, find another place as you will not have much value there.  If there are tons of issues, then it is alerting everyone of the issues and proving that the current cycle will not work &quot;successfully&quot; without additional QA activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How able are you to meet others where they are as well as understanding your own perspective?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find 40 issues, but if noone else cares about them including the Product Owner and customers then you need to adjust your perspective.  The point of any job is to be useful, so you need to understand the goal and make your QA observations in support of the end goal.  Being in sync with the Product Owner goal and finding gaps to accomplishing that is where your role fits, so any observations should support an &quot;inadequacy&quot; in the goal of the product (functionality, usability, speed, consistency, 508 compliance, security, etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much pride exists in your team of developers?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked as a developer myself for years and with hundreds of developers from a QA standpoint as well.  Pride of ones work is always there and sometimes hubris in developers.  QA is often seen as the critical poker of pointing out flaws in others artistic genius.  The goal is a &quot;quality product&quot; not individual fulfillment, however in order to achieve a team dynamic every individual must feel needed and appreciated...as your comment indicates you don't feel that which frustrates you.  You need to meet the developer where they are and help them to see how to make a better product.  This may involve you learning some code and understanding the backend terms.  I also recommend a question approach as that gives them the &quot;expert&quot; stance they feel from writing the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So instead of saying &quot;this is broken and I can't use this&quot; ask, I think I'm doing this right, but I can't seem to get this to work, is there something I'm doing wrong?  Then you ask what about this and this part seemed like it would confuse users because of x, what do you think?  This will make life so much easier on you as in fact this approach will help you &quot;enable&quot; developers to improve their coding, while at the same time ensuring they still feel good about their work.  Understanding how the application fits together underneath is key to pinpointing the right places to test as well as the right places to ask questions to improve quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly I'd say since you mentioned the PO, that the Scrum Master is supposed to ensure all parts are working together, so ensure you are targeting their goals and getting them to say something if it's not working together.  Perhaps that person will have more tips for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck and don't give up, but grow into a more team empowering person and SQA individual!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T20:07:36.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22264" CreationDate="2016-08-25T20:46:15.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case you are the one that should take attitude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discuss this with the QA team, research and do your best to make a difference.&#xA;Always try to improve, to do better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the team does not appreciate the work you are doing, the work that testers are doing maybe there is an issue at company level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly this does not happen at other companies, it may be a company view, maybe you need a change of domain and company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could always can switch to different domain in testing and maybe different company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try e-commerce, banking, networking or others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative you could try automation for any of the above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@lauda,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Keep Calm and Continue Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="18490" LastEditDate="2016-08-25T20:52:28.507" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T20:52:28.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18320" CreationDate="2016-08-25T21:13:54.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could have methods like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selectGender(desired_gender)&#xA;clearGender()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selectMaleGender()&#xA;selectFemaleGender()&#xA;clearGender()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or any names that are easy to understand.There is no big difference.&#xA;When you have any doubts is better to review some documentation/tutorials related to page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T21:13:54.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22238" CreationDate="2016-08-25T23:15:41.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Root Cause Analysis i.e. RCA a.k.a Causal Analysis and Resolution (CAR) at some organisations and yes it is definitely a group process to find resolution and cause of not only a bug but it can also be related to any other issue like Regular Build Failures, Large number of Code review defects or UAT bugs etc. It is not only a QA task but it is a team effort, as a Black Box tester, one alone can't tell a reason for an issue and this process usually takes time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A level of brain storming is also involved in this process and that is absolutely required too. In addition to this 5-Why technique, there are others techniques like &lt;a href=&quot;http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/cause-analysis-tools/overview/fishbone.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;'Fish Bone Structure'&lt;/a&gt; . This too helps in determining the cause of issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case if tester has a decent knowledge of code and design, then yes he can actively participate in this CAR.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each RCA should be followed by some action items so that same issue doesn't occur again and this is the main purpose or outcome of any RCA i.e. to minimize or eradicate chances of getting same issue in future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more technique called '&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.projectsmart.co.uk/pareto-analysis-step-by-step.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pareto Analysis&lt;/a&gt;' provides root cause of issues, given all issues have been assigned proper defect cause (like whether it is an issue because of Coding, Requirement, Lack of Review etc.). This might not provide a deeper analysis of the reason but a broader picture is framed by this technique too and based on that team should shift its focus to that area or can have detailed RCA around that reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T23:15:41.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22263" CreationDate="2016-08-25T23:28:43.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know how much my answer will be useful for you; but Yes, we do use the same for testing parts of our applications that work in back-end e.g. we use it for testing webservices response, Database testing and currently we are using it for ETL testing too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given:&lt;/strong&gt; CSV file to be imported is located at xyz location&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When:&lt;/strong&gt; ETL process A is executed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then:&lt;/strong&gt; CSV file Data should be loaded to Warehouse table A&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Another:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given:&lt;/strong&gt; User 'A' is created in system  XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When:&lt;/strong&gt; Sync button is clicked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then:&lt;/strong&gt; Webservice call containing user information in XML format should be sent to system ABC and a new row should be inserted to its&#xA;  user table&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-08-25T23:28:43.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22141" CreationDate="2016-08-26T00:06:03.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not the prettiest, but you can store images of what you expect.  Then use the selenium screenshot utility to capture a new image and then compare the two images for an exact match.  The difficulty there is you need to store the images exactly how selenium takes them as there are limited options with the screenshots.  It won't scale as well as Sikuli that will just look for the image anywhere in existence, this would lock to the exact same behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a good reference for beginning screenshot usage:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a few tips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I found dynamic screenshots to be a bit tricky and tempermental as they snap before the page actually loads...I'd recommend putting a wait for the last object you are aware of that loads and then snap the screenshot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It also includes object snapping as well as full page...you would just have to find the object first or have specific coordinates.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Please be mindful that you are using graphics which is bound to the graphics card and screen resolution, so in this case they need to match or the image recognition won't work this way either.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lastly the type of image is important, you need to ensure every aspect is identical otherwise it won't match.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see this is why Sikuli is so awesome and if you need that adaptability I'd recommend actually integrating sikuli with your test through command line calls that kick off the Sikuli test.  Up to you, if you hit more specific situations post more specific questions.  Good Luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T00:06:03.927" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22272" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-26T01:29:08.137" Score="0" ViewCount="3279" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read several posts regarding smoke and sanity testing. All are almost confusing. Neither explaining them clearly,just repeating the matter except some two or three posts and based on that two or three posts i concluded that following is the formal process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke testing(generalized health checkup)---then--&gt; Sanity Testing(checking functionalities to deepest level)(Specialized health checkup)----------------then--------&gt; Functional testing(full functionality checking)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I right in above concept?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have confusion regarding when sanity is performed. Smoke is performed when build comes very first time. But when sanity is performed? Is sanity is performed only after every smoke OR it is performed every time build undergoes some change(i.e. even when smoke is not performed because smoke is performed only first time build comes) OR in both cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[EDIT]i want to made it clear here that i am not asking here for difference between smoke and sanity as many people are marking it duplicate for another question in which user has asked for difference between two. Here i am asking WHEN and HOW OFTEN sanity is performed in testing life cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[EDIT] Thanks all for giving time to this question. Though it is not duplicate still marked duplicate. Anyways. I found my answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-relation-between-sanity-testing-and-regression-testing#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="7614" LastEditDate="2016-08-27T05:50:10.820" LastActivityDate="2016-08-27T05:50:10.820" Title="WHEN and HOW OFTEN sanity testing is performed in a testing cycle?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-26T12:00:07.547" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22272" CreationDate="2016-08-26T01:35:23.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Technically I'd say both are kind of interchangeable.  The goal of either is to &quot;peer at it as through smoke&quot; or &quot;ensure I'm sane and still looking at the same thing I was&quot;.  The concept is that a basic structural integrity check is performed to ensure that the app is at least functioning and nothing went wrong during code build/deployment.  Basic connections and limited functionality like login, navigate, add/remove a record are performed which would ensure database connectivity as well as general code performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional is targeting specific functionality with requirements backing them.  Often if smoke/sanity testing isn't done a bad deployment may happen and waste everyones time as the testers hit it and find so many issues to start with it's embarrassing the code made it to be deployed.  Usually 1 tester does this before broadcasting that it's &quot;ready for testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T01:35:23.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22272" CreationDate="2016-08-26T01:36:19.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use smoke and sanity fairly interchangeably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are both usually testing the happy path, often the primary 'money' path for commercial applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can used to check that a production (or other environment) build has generally succeeded.  In test environments they can prevent the need for further lengthy UI testing if the smoke/sanity test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T01:36:19.927" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22208" CreationDate="2016-08-26T01:42:00.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Frankly for automation you would have to program it all yourself, but you can record things through an automation tool and then kick it off again.  Sikuli is free and does image recognition with entered keys.  This allows you to hit any command line window including remote machines etc...anything that displays and then execute various commands and get expected results.  You can run through your security checks via command line and ensure the proper response is sent back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optionally you can code it via scripting in various server side languages and execute that way.  As far as anything else it's usually a combination of penetration testing and setup/config items depending on what you actually have setup and therefore it's a little custom for every setup even though the same standards are utilized.  There may be a product to purchase out there, but I haven't seen one that ensures overall compliance and not specialized for pen testing etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No silver bullet, but perhaps that will help you start to build your own.  If you have more specifics you are targeting instead of just &quot;general compliance&quot; please add that to the example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T01:42:00.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22272" CreationDate="2016-08-26T02:32:36.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You use sanity testing when you want to make sure the software isn't completely broken.  If you can't think of a reason to do it, you probably don't need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T02:32:36.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22272" CreationDate="2016-08-26T05:36:30.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For your question: &lt;strong&gt;How often does sanity is performed?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on my experience, It is performed initially when a build is delivered to the QA. The result of sanity testing is whether the build is testable or not. Once the sanity testing is done and all the major functionality works properly (Example: Login page, View list of products if product is e-commerce.), regression testing (full functionality) is performed. Once the product becomes stable and the reported bugs are fixed and code delivery is scheduled, the final process is to do the sanity testing. This time it is more like a beta testing. The tester should act as a customer and test all the positive paths, think like a customer and test in a customer's workflow and if possible, in customer's environment setup - say less memory, less bandwidth, older browser versions etc., &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;At a high level, Sanity is performed at initial internal releases and at the final release to the customer or to the market.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20963" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T05:36:30.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22272" CreationDate="2016-08-26T06:13:29.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Smoke Test:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its expected to perform Smoke Test before starting a Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It would be better to say, Result of Smoke Test will help to decide whether to accept build and proceed for testing or reject&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoke Testing include Verification of basic happy flow[positive flow] according to mentioned in release notes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This should be carried out in quick time less than an hour[May vary according to projects and scope]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanity Test:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its advisorable that we should perform Sanity Testing when new feature implemented and ready to integrate &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It would be better to initiate Sanity Testing before feature integration to main app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sanity Testing include Testing feature throughly with considering Feature Specifications, Exploratory[Negative scenarios], Smallest &amp;amp; all functional corners&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will be one of the deepest level of testing. We can conclude overall result of Sanity testing to decide &amp;amp; plan to integrate in main app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T06:13:29.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22280" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-26T07:01:51.847" Score="0" ViewCount="2650" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a situation where 'xyz' is member variable of my testClass and I want to print some information in my report using that variable only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I want to access 'xyz' in my 'onTestFailure' listner method. Please suggest if anyone has attempted it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2021-04-04T07:05:25.640" Title="Can we access the value of a member or class variable of a test class in the testListner methods" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22281" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22289" CreationDate="2016-08-26T08:25:24.917" Score="1" ViewCount="251" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a large test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we decide which tests to choose for the regression testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T11:50:14.103" LastActivityDate="2016-08-28T16:49:39.583" Title="Which tests to choose from a large regression test suite?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-08-29T12:24:20.200" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22281" CreationDate="2016-08-26T08:44:47.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to perform the regression on the whole application, let's say before a release, as a rule of thumb you execute the higher in priority and critical tests, the tests that cover the most changed parts of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering the statement that you have a large regression suite of tests and therefore, probably the time doesn't allow you to run all of them, that should be your approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a part of the application covered by automated tests, and assuming the automation already covers the most critical parts, then you execute those and in parallel go over the next critical and priority areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically you need to make sure that most important parts of your application under test (AUT) are covered by testing and work as expected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note that besides the &quot;critical areas&quot; description I also used the &quot;higher in priority&quot; statement because, while a typo in your application or company name is not a critical bug, it's still a very important with huge priority to be fixed before the release in cause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T08:44:47.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22281" CreationDate="2016-08-26T08:50:15.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;42&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually it is a good question not just for interviews; some more useful ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First ask for more information, for example the purpose of the tests, where is the product in its life-cycle, some history of the product, it's customers and testing etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then choose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the tests that found more bugs, since they find more bugs in unstable parts of the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the tests that found few if any bugs in the code, since they will keep the stable parts of the code stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;one test per module so we have good coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the fastest test to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tests with the most code/feature/other coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;tests which are the simplest to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc. etc. etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-08-27T10:58:41.023" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22281" CreationDate="2016-08-26T11:28:51.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will depend very much on the details of your situation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally I consider the following factors when selecting some regression tests over others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The happy path tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The most critical money making paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Speed of the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uniqueness of test and if similar tests provide some coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;End-to-end integration tests can reduce the need for using unit tests for regression testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note also that in a large number of organizations, whatever tests exists are all run and thus there is no separate regression tests, they are just the full test suite that is run for all builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T11:28:51.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22280" CreationDate="2016-08-26T12:06:54.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, You can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But to achieve this you need to declare variable as a global&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good practice will be if you could initialize when you are initializing all you driver and system details  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T12:06:54.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22281" CreationDate="2016-08-26T12:17:29.323" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some factors you might choose to take into consideration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Time&lt;/strong&gt; - for manual regression testing, the amount of time you have available is a major factor in what you test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Priority&lt;/strong&gt; - ideally you'll have your tests prioritized by how critical they are to the application: I usually work this way:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Core function&lt;/em&gt; - The most used and most important features. These are chosen on the basis that if these features can't be used, the release is effectively useless. This category can also include &quot;people will die if this software goes wrong&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Not core but high impact&lt;/em&gt; - This category would include hugely embarrassing bugs like misspelling the product name as well as problems with frequently-used supporting functionality. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Frequently broken&lt;/em&gt; - This category covers the most fragile parts of the system, the areas that your team knows are more likely to have regression issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your biggest customer will walk if this is broken&lt;/em&gt; - Depending on how much revenue your biggest customer brings in, particularly compared to everyone else, this can jump to your first priority. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Anything that affects financial data&lt;/em&gt; - This may or may not be relevant to your software, but if it is, you can guarantee that your customers want the financials to be accurate. Again, this can be your first priority if the core of your business is financial data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Everything else&lt;/em&gt; - prioritized using a risk/impact matrix that should ideally be re-evaluated regularly. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Release Size&lt;/strong&gt; - It's relatively normal to perform less regression on a patch release than on a major release, especially when most of your regression is done manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What Changed&lt;/strong&gt; - Particularly if you're working with well-designed software that doesn't have spaghetti code under the hood, manual regression can be focused around the areas that changed in the release. If your code base has a lot of dependencies and spaghetti code, this isn't a viable strategy unless you're &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; pressed for time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, what you end up doing is a compromise between thorough testing and the time and resources you have available. Sometimes, much as we hate it, we have to cross our fingers and hope we caught everything important before release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T12:17:29.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22221" CreationDate="2016-08-26T17:08:07.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm too using &lt;strong&gt;CodedUI&lt;/strong&gt; for functional automation and had used the same kind of code for reusing the browser, as reopening the browser for every test case is a overhead and effort consuming. Since our application too supports multiple browsers and hence, I too faced the same issue and from the research I made at that time, I came to know that &lt;strong&gt;this is a known limitation of CodedUI that you can't reuse the browser for non-IE browsers&lt;/strong&gt;. Please refer this &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudioalm/2012/10/30/introducing-cross-browser-testing-with-coded-ui-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for the &lt;strong&gt;MSDN blogs&lt;/strong&gt; and that's the hard part of CodedUI that it supports and works well with all functionalities in IE and have some limitations in non-IE browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, for reusing the browser in IE, I will recommend to go through the mentioned &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.infosupport.com/how-to-reuse-your-browser-window-between-tests-in-codedui/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;(if you haven't already gone through this)&lt;/em&gt; and change your code accordingly. Using this you will need to initiate/launch browser only once in a '&lt;strong&gt;Project&lt;/strong&gt;' not once in Class or Test i.e. launch browser in '&lt;strong&gt;AssemblyInitialize&lt;/strong&gt;' method and use the same browser instance throughout all test cases or classes inside the same Project. There can be multiple projects inside your solution, then you need to launch browser once every project/assembly using '&lt;strong&gt;AssemblyInitialize&lt;/strong&gt;' method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T17:08:07.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22281" CreationDate="2016-08-26T17:31:30.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually a difficult question to answer. But here are my insights:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression is to verify that any new changes haven't broken the existing functionality. So keeping this in mind, it is clear that you have to think/choose those test suites/cases which are more important/make the impact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you to make the regression test suite on time (i.e. after you get the build for testing) This might sound weird but there is a practical reason for it. Once you get the build for QA, you can ask the developer about the impact areas and when you get to know those, you can pick those scenarios (by giving them high priority) and those few test cases which will cover the most important functionality of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This above procedure actually works if you have a couple of hours to take out/choose the scenarios. I am using this technique since always, all the parts/modules are not important in a particular fix. Selecting all those scenarios which are not much important will defeat the very purpose of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you need any explanation in this. I would be happy to help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-08-28T16:49:39.583" LastActivityDate="2016-08-28T16:49:39.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22281" CreationDate="2016-08-26T18:22:58.303" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to do a &lt;strong&gt;good&lt;/strong&gt; job at selecting some of the previously existing tests that you have in your large suite, much of the advice already offered is very sound advice such as (1) prioritizing by technical risk, business risk, financial impact, key client impact, (2) taking into account the size of the code changes introduced in this release, (3) taking into account the types and locations of the code changes in this release, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you followed those suggestions thoughtfully, you would have a regression suite that was far more effective and efficient than most regression test suites in use by typical software testing teams. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you wanted to to a &lt;strong&gt;great&lt;/strong&gt; job at selecting a manageable number of regression tests though, (assuming your existing tests have not been created using sophisticated test design methods) you should go further than that and generate a new set of regression tests that would be specially designed to accomplish the following goals: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Systematically eliminate all wasteful repetition between tests &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Systematically cover all simple interactions between your test inputs (because so many defects are caused by simple interactions that do not necessarily get covered by requirements-driven test selection approaches)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorporate the prioritization goals listed above (by adjusting the systematically generated tests, as necessary)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My company, Hexawise, has worked with more than 100 Fortune 500 firms to help teams achieve truly great regression test suites on hundreds of projects. By helping them systematically eliminate wasteful repetition from test sets, we can frequently help teams reduce the number of regression tests they're executing by more than 50%. By systematically covering all simple interactions between test inputs in the regression test suite, the optimized test sets we help our clients create with our test design tool, our clients consistently achieve higher testing coverage than their much larger original test sets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between doing a &lt;strong&gt;good&lt;/strong&gt; job and doing a &lt;strong&gt;great&lt;/strong&gt; job in this area is large. That's because existing test sets have far more wasteful repetition from test to test than people tend to realize and because existing test sets have more coverage gaps than people tend to realize. The slides below are from an &lt;a href=&quot;https://speakerdeck.com/hexawise/objectively-superior-software-test-sets-an-explanation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online presentation about test selection optimization&lt;/a&gt; that explains the concrete reasons why this is the case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6n3N8.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6n3N8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bbh1I.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bbh1I.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LZ0IN.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LZ0IN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oL3fk.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oL3fk.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/z6fcr.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/z6fcr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Complete presentation available[here].&lt;a href=&quot;https://speakerdeck.com/hexawise/objectively-superior-software-test-sets-an-explanation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="460" LastEditorUserId="460" LastEditDate="2016-08-26T19:56:09.100" LastActivityDate="2016-08-26T19:56:09.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22294" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-26T19:08:57.693" Score="2" ViewCount="10057" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have noticed in my testing that sometimes I get &quot;System.Net.WebException: Unable to connect to the remote server&quot; when running tests in Selenium.  It appears to happen randomly, but specifically when running multiple tests at the same time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current test set up is using Specflow + specrun.  Each test creates a new web driver.  Usually there are ~8 test threads running.  This error will show up 2-3 times for every 100 tests run.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone seen this, and does anyone have an idea how to resolve it?  My guess is that some other test is already using the same port that the driver is trying to run on, or something similar to that.  Anyone know a good way to prevent that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8937" LastActivityDate="2019-09-27T05:12:23.527" Title="Webdriver error: System.Net.WebException: Unable to connect to the remote server" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22294" CreationDate="2016-08-29T04:28:16.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13276686/selenium-webdriver-tests-fail-with-system-net-webexception-unable-to-connect&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium-google-code-issue-archive/issues/4344&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read this&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are running the test suite twice &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are not releasing the connection after each run &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test suite crashed and is still running in the background &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Something else is running on your computer and using that port &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T17:17:43.407" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T17:17:43.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22302" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-29T06:38:31.570" Score="1" ViewCount="593" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try to click an element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check whether a certain string exists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if false, throw an exit 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This workaround works, but I wonder whether there is a selenium function that checks whether a click does not work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21027" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-09T00:30:18.120" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T00:30:18.120" Title="How to be sure that a `click` fails using Selenium and NodeJS?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;nodejs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10342" CreationDate="2016-08-29T07:09:25.450" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XPATH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div/input[1]&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//input[1])[4])&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//tag[@AN='AV']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//tag[text()='AV']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//tag[@AN='AV' and @AN='AV']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//tag[contains(text(),'usrn')]&quot;).getText();&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//tag[contains(@AN,'usrn')]&quot;).getText();&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//tag[starts-with(text(),'usrn')]&quot;).getText();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//tag[starts-with(@AN,'usrn')]&quot;).getText();&#xA;&#xA;ex : //input[starts-with(@id,'reportcombo')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21086" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-08-29T07:12:24.707" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T07:12:24.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22302" CreationDate="2016-08-29T08:08:20.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to use Try-catch block to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    driver.findelement(by.id(&quot;&quot;)).click();&#xA;    fail();&#xA;} catch (Exception e) {&#xA;    // expected&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// continue&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="5670" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T06:34:28.190" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T06:34:28.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-29T08:26:14.250" Score="4" ViewCount="7848" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's an Interview question:&#xA;If each test case contains 8-10 lines within it.&#xA;Then what would be the average time to automate them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it depends on the following factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complexity of the module.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Durability of the script adding (no. of try-catch block, Inputs from excel, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dynamic elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PopUp&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Framework design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And we may dicuss about the &lt;strong&gt;ROI&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ROI = (Cumulative saving / Investment through automation)*100&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what are the other things that need to keep in mind while removing an overall time effort to automate them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2016-08-29T11:27:59.313" LastActivityDate="2020-04-15T10:26:48.710" Title="How much time it takes to automate 10 test cases of an module using selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22306" CreationDate="2016-08-29T09:04:35.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In interview they basically want to ask you about &lt;strong&gt;ROI&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here is the brief description:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Identify the parameters on which you will base your test cases as a candidate for automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test case executed with different set of data, browser, environment,complex business logic, set of users, Involves large amount of data, dependency, requires Special data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have identified all the granular level details, you can present them in the below way. We are now progressing to calculate the ROI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zqvt3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zqvt3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*ROI = (Cumulative saving / Investment through automation)*100&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="5746" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T04:45:20.290" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T04:45:20.290" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16701" CreationDate="2016-08-29T09:58:37.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for IT Central Station, and the IT professionals in our community have contributed reviews for performance testing and load testing mobile apps.&#xA;This is one of our most popular comparison pages for load testing mobile apps: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itcentralstation.com/products/comparisons/apache-jmeter_vs_hpe-stormrunner-load&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.itcentralstation.com/products/comparisons/apache-jmeter_vs_hpe-stormrunner-load&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;(note that you need to register to read more than one review)&#xA;I hope it is helpful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This Senior Director of QA writes, &quot;Valuable Features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Flexibility and speed to provision and start large (high concurrency) performance testing cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Improvements to My Organization:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This software solution has allowed us to run larger, high concurrency performance testing cycles in a very repetitive manner…a requirement for validating our application solutions and supporting infrastructure for customer facing web apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Room for Improvement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Out of the box reporting could be improved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use of Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have been using the solution for 9 months.&quot; You can read his full review here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itcentralstation.com/product_reviews/hpe-stormrunner-load-review-32795-by-rich-harman&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.itcentralstation.com/product_reviews/hpe-stormrunner-load-review-32795-by-rich-harman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12889" LastEditorUserId="12889" LastEditDate="2016-08-29T11:40:30.767" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T11:40:30.767" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16701" CreationDate="2016-08-29T10:41:40.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are few tools which can be used for load testing of Mobile app: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebLOAD&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadComplete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadRunner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appvance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NeoLoad&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WAPT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loadster&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadImpact&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rational Performance Tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing Anywhere&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OpenSTA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QEngine (ManageEngine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loadstorm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CloudTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Httperf&#xA;Please check main link for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/performance-testing-tools-load-testing-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;more details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T10:41:40.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22306" CreationDate="2016-08-29T12:06:00.173" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to the existing answers, another factor in ROI is how often the test cases need to be run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If automating the test cases will take you 500 hours, they need to be run once a year, and it takes an hour to run each test case manually, by the time the automation has &quot;earned back&quot; the initial development time, the software is likely to be obsolete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, on the other hand, you need to run the same test cases three times a day (after each build), then it's worth doing, because you will be into positive ROI within a year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other things you should consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Number of moving parts&lt;/strong&gt; - how many different aspects of the software does your test case need to interact with? If you're checking straight database input, your test case will be simpler than if there is data manipulation downstream of the data entry. Similarly, entering data is a lot simpler than performing tax calculations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preconditions&lt;/strong&gt; - the more things that need to be in place for your test case to run, the more complex your automation or framework needs to be.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maturity of framework&lt;/strong&gt; - I've worked in an environment where the framework was mature enough that adding a test case for a new feature could be as simple as one new function, one line of code to call that function, and half-a-dozen rows of data added to the run files and baselines. Without that, you're looking at a much longer time to automate and likely more repeated code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Postcondition validations&lt;/strong&gt; - the more changes the test case makes, the more validations you will need to perform on completion of the test case. You may have software that has a single button-click action to kick off a complex process with dozens of validations needed. That will take more time to automate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Existing automation&lt;/strong&gt; - it's often faster and easier to add to existing automation than to build from scratch. If you can make use of existing test harnesses, you can call and possibly expand on already built helper functions, which reduces your automation time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Most Important&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to include time to test and deploy your automation. In my experience building it is the fastest part. Testing it to ensure it's stable and does not generate false positives or false negatives and getting it deployed to run on a regular basis takes a lot longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T12:06:00.173" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22316" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-29T12:22:51.063" Score="2" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of our customers from retail needs to identify test automation tools for different applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently they are evaluating Ranorex and Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have some mobile applications also. For one of these applications they have a version which has been developed for PDA device working with Windows CE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you advise us on test automation tools that cover application working on PDA with Windows CE ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21091" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T06:42:36.933" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T12:08:43.200" Title="Which test automation tools cover applications working on PDA with Windows CE?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20746" CreationDate="2016-08-29T14:48:42.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When creating selectors, usually the best approach is to use a minimal expression that uniquely identifies the target element. There may be several performance reasons behind it, but usually this also means the test case is easier to read and maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some CSS classes are dynamically assigned during run-time. In your case, this is the case with class &lt;strong&gt;ui-state-hover&lt;/strong&gt;. This will be assigned to the button control only when mouse hovers over it (for example, when you click the element in browser to find its properties). As your test is looking for the element without first &quot;hovering the mouse pointer over it&quot;, such a control is not found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A basic fix would be to remove the &lt;strong&gt;ui-state-hover&lt;/strong&gt; class from the button locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(@class,'add-widget ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-icon-only')]/span[contains(@class,'ui-button-icon-primary')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if the class &lt;strong&gt;add-widget&lt;/strong&gt; is unique to this button, it might be sufficient to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(@class,'add-widget')]/span[contains(@class,'ui-button-icon-primary')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T14:48:42.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1739" CreationDate="2016-08-29T15:09:47.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is pretty simple and straight forward as compare to java as per my experience. The best part is there are many help available now than before.&#xA;If someone is naive for selenium and C# then refer this:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learnseleniumtesting.com/basic-webdriver-and-c-sharp-script-for-beginners/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://learnseleniumtesting.com/basic-webdriver-and-c-sharp-script-for-beginners/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;else if you are experience and looking for some readymade framework ready to start writing test then:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learnseleniumtesting.com/selenium-webdriver-frameworks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://learnseleniumtesting.com/selenium-webdriver-frameworks/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21094" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T15:09:47.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15435" CreationDate="2016-08-29T16:45:47.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do it via Selenium2Library.Execute JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;I am writing an automation test script using Robot Framework &amp;amp; Selenium2Library for testing our web application(in '.txt' format).&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following code selects &amp;quot;automation test script&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| Execute Javasctipt | var n=document.getElementsByTagName('div')[0].firstChild; | var r = document.createRange(); | r.setStart(n, 16); | r.setEnd(n, 38); | var s = window.getSelection(); | s.removeAllRanges(); | s.addRange(r); | return s.toString(); |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;I am writing an &amp;lt;b&amp;gt; automation test script &amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; using Robot Framework &amp;amp; Selenium2Library for testing our web application(in '.txt' format).&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following code selects &amp;quot;writing an automation&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| Execute Javasctipt | var e=document.getElementsByTagName('div')[0]; | st = e.childNodes[0]; | en = e.childNodes[1].firstChild; | var r = document.createRange(); | r.setStart(st, 5); | r.setEnd(en, 11); | var s = window.getSelection(); | s.removeAllRanges(); | s.addRange(r); | return s.toString(); |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21095" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-07T14:18:33.287" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T14:18:33.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17895" CreationDate="2016-08-29T19:32:01.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most recently I've been working in the Protractor selenium bindings for NodeJS. I'm not sure if this method is universally available for other bindings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//the first call to element is the group of options in your dropdown&#xA;//the second call to element, chained off of the first, looks for subelements in the dom&#xA;var yourOption = element(by.id('exampleInput')).element(by.xpath(&quot;//li[text()='YourText']&quot;));&#xA;yourOption.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If something like this is not available in your chosen library you can accomplish the same thing with only xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//barebones NodeJS bindings&#xA;var yourOption = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@id='exampleInput']//li[text()='YourText']&quot;));&#xA;yourOption.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The xpath there has an english translation along the lines of &quot;Find an &amp;lt; input &gt; tag with an id of 'exampleInput' then nested at any depth under it in the DOM find an &amp;lt; li &gt; tag which has text inside that matches 'YourText'&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that both of these will only work if the element exists in the DOM at the time the action is performed in your script. If other actions or a wait condition are needed to get the tag to appear you'll need to perform those first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T19:32:01.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21994" CreationDate="2016-08-29T20:01:02.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Katie's excellent response and a general understanding of the technical/business logic complexity of implementing a feature I tend to find myself thinking in a &quot;ballpark matrix&quot; sort of way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if I have a good idea of broad types of users interacting with the application I may know that the feature needs to be tested for &quot;guests&quot;, &quot;buyers&quot; and &quot;sellers&quot; as 3 different sets of users with 3 levels of permissions. Perhaps your site also supports users with English, French, and Chinese as their primary languages. This would be another set of parameters to combine. Now let's go even further and assume you want this feature to be accessible to users on Chrome, Firefox, and for some reason IE9. We've now established at least 9 different use cases to account for with the full matrix of combinations looking closer to 27 scenarios. This isn't to say that you will or should hit all 27 combinations in all cases, but it has served me well as a &quot;multiplier&quot; of other estimated complexity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2016-08-29T20:01:02.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22325" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-30T00:25:04.460" Score="5" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;New to the field of QA, I've been asked to do SQA for a project that I'm unfamiliar with and that is close to completion. An example of a specific functional task to be tested looks like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;51: Rename Excluded Words at the Topic and Subtopic levels to be Not in Topic and Not in SubTopic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could see how if I was the developer who built the project or had I been roped in on this since the beginning, then it'd be fairly obvious to &quot;Click here&quot; and then &quot;Click this button in the drop down&quot; followed by ... etc, etc. But because I'm new to this project and it's relatively large, I don't know the steps required to actually get the part where I &quot;rename excluded words&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above is just an actual example, but my goal here is to gain some insight that I can apply to my practice in general. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the SQA is new on a project already in development, should the developer provide steps needed to perform the function to be tested?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20824" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T09:44:32.207" Title="Should the developer provide steps necessary to test?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22325" CreationDate="2016-08-30T00:44:14.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From Agile point of view, developers, business analysts and QAs are integral parts of one team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Everyone is responsible for quality, so it is not someone's responsibility to come up with a test, it is everyone's responsibility to come up with a test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even the developers do not always have all the information needed to come up with steps to perform functional test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It would be difficult &amp;amp; disturbing to ask any of team-mate each time for requirement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read requirement documents, feature related existing test cases, gain an understanding of this function(s) &amp;amp; flows for features which are under test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have any doubt, talk to a business analyst, if there is none, talk to your team leader to arrange a meeting with whoever in charge of this feature &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After you have clarified your doubts from a business perspective, go talk to developers if that is still necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always stick to documents, state transition/data flow diagram available and freezed feature functionality document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T07:36:34.927" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T07:36:34.927" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14301" CreationDate="2016-08-30T00:47:29.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm using APICombo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I don't misunderstand your question, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://apicombo.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;APICombo&lt;/a&gt; to do JSON or XML response validation. You can also schedule the test to run so it can check automatically for you. You can check the documentation &lt;a href=&quot;https://apicombo.com/resources/how-to-create-a-api-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20814" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T00:47:29.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2016-08-30T00:52:59.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm using APICombo&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope I don't misunderstand your question, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://apicombo.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;APICombo&lt;/a&gt; to do JSON or XML response validation. You can also schedule the test to run so it can check automatically for you. You can check the documentation &lt;a href=&quot;https://apicombo.com/resources/how-to-create-a-api-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. They also provide some statistics, like how your API performs globally, which measures the response time. It will also notify you in case the test fails trough email, SMS, webhook or even other integrations like pushbullet, pushover, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20814" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T00:52:59.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22331" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-30T06:50:18.963" Score="5" ViewCount="41551" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps that I have to perform&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have a website (www.xyz.com)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I successfully opened it through Firefox.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the page, there is a google icon (image) which I am suppose to click&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After clicking the google icon, a pop up to enter user name and&#xA;password appears&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to click icon but am not able to get the pop up executed through the selenium code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It stops at clicking the icon only. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want the pop up to be opened through my code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using window handles to handle pop up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can some one help me in this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am trying below steps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 Go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rentedroofs.com/dashboard/#/welcome&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.rentedroofs.com/dashboard/#/welcome&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 Now try to click Fb or google and try to work  on the pop up .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebElement element1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//html/body/div[3]/md-dialog/md-dialog-content/div/div/div/button[1]&quot;));&#xA;    element1.click();&#xA;    String parentWindowHandler = driver.getWindowHandle(); // Store your parent window&#xA;    String subWindowHandler = null;&#xA;&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = driver.getWindowHandles(); // get all window handles&#xA;    Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; iterator = handles.iterator();&#xA;    while (iterator.hasNext()){&#xA;        subWindowHandler = iterator.next();&#xA;    }&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(subWindowHandler); // switch to popup window&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://www.rentedroofs.com/&quot;);&#xA;          WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/section[2]/header/div/div/div/div/a&quot;));&#xA;          element.click();&#xA;         Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;&#xA;    String handle= driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(handle);&#xA;    WebElement element1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//html/body/div[3]/md-dialog/md-dialog-content/div/div/div/button[1]&quot;));&#xA;    element1.click();&#xA;    Set handles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(handles);&#xA;    for (String handle1 : driver.getWindowHandles()) {&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(handle1);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(handle1);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is not opening the FB pop UP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21100" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T12:27:55.867" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T17:16:44.213" Title="How to handle Login pop up by using Selenium, which is used for login to applications?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22331" CreationDate="2016-08-30T06:56:00.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's hard to know what happen without HTML. Please share HTML of your site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to login your site using google/facebook account, so you can workaround as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open google/facebook and login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open your site and click on google/facebook icon&#xA;--&gt; it should login immediately without popup alert.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="18358" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T07:02:06.127" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T07:02:06.127" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22325" CreationDate="2016-08-30T09:06:13.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Agile&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cross functional team works together as a single unit.&#xA;Close communication with the user representative to understand the features. For testing perspective SQA need to understand the business logic and functionality of the application. So you can ask.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the beginning, people may face some difficulty to adopt this methodology, but through practice you will see SCRUM doing wonders. It keeps the resources very focused and you can actually see your application growing. Many a time’s organization encourages team to have few hours as self-study and development as a scrum task and allocate few hours. During the review, team members also demonstrate what they have studied, and sometimes present any tool or application which they have developed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally appreciate this approach as it gives the people a chance to enhance their knowledge and also present their skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T09:06:13.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22334" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-30T09:46:10.313" Score="3" ViewCount="6180" Body="&lt;p&gt;Belongs to non-functional testing type. But I get confused between these 2 types of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21103" LastEditorUserId="8702" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T10:01:48.863" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T13:08:55.727" Title="Difference between Scalability Testing And Capacity Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22334" CreationDate="2016-08-30T10:27:54.150" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;A web search of the terms resulted in,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability_testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scalability Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, is the testing of a software application to measure its capability to scale up or scale out in terms of any of its non-functional capability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance, scalability and reliability testing are usually grouped together by software quality analysts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main goals of scalability testing are to determine the user limit for the web application and ensure end user experience, under a high load, is not compromised. One example is if a web page can be accessed in a timely fashion with a limited delay in response. Another goal is to check if the server can cope i.e. Will the server crash if it is under a heavy load? &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability_testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dependent on the application that is being tested, different parameters are tested. If a webpage is being tested, the highest possible number of simultaneous users would be tested. &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb924357.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt; Also dependent on the application being tested is the attributes that are tested - these can include CPU usage, network usage or user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Successful testing will project most of the issues which could be related to the network, database or hardware/software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb924357.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Capacity testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: To determine how many users and/or transactions a given system will support and still meet performance goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capacity testing is conducted in conjunction with capacity planning, which you use to plan for future growth, such as an increased user base or increased volume of data. For example, to accommodate future loads, you need to know how many additional resources (such as processor capacity, memory usage, disk capacity, or network bandwidth) are necessary to support future usage levels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capacity testing helps you to identify a scaling strategy in order to determine whether you should scale up or scale out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People in different localities have different understanding of terminologies. Hence you should try to find out what your team or organization thinks of these to be. For me they may be used interchangeably!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-02T04:27:18.020" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T04:27:18.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22331" CreationDate="2016-08-30T10:29:49.443" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Before handling any pop up you have to find that, whether it is iFrame/Modal dialog box etc. If it's iframe try to switch over that with locating elements of that iframe.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your scenario-take a example of twitter Login application:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After click on Login button:&#xA;  It displays Pop up which is called as Modal dialog box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to confirm for this- Right click on pop up it gives an ID with name as- Modaldialogbox&#xA;&lt;em&gt;for handling Modal dialogbox, Simply you have to add &lt;strong&gt;WAIT&lt;/strong&gt; before locating elements on that pop up.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TwitterLogin &#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    static String baseUrl=&quot;https://twitter.com/&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException &#xA;    {&#xA;        driver= new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement LoginButton= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@class='Button StreamsLogin js-login']&quot;));&#xA;        LoginButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;        WebElement UsernameTextbox=    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@name,'email]')]&quot;));&#xA;        UsernameTextbox.clear();&#xA;        UsernameTextbox.sendKeys(&quot;abcd&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement PasswdTextbox=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@type,'password')]&quot;));&#xA;        PasswdTextbox.clear();&#xA;        PasswdTextbox.sendKeys(&quot;1234&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        PasswdTextbox.submit();     &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:27:04.030" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:27:04.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22337" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-30T10:34:18.527" Score="3" ViewCount="6671" Body="&lt;p&gt;I myself have no idea of how to code, so am I able to perform unit testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want answer in detail because I want to know how testers do unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21103" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T11:43:17.660" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T02:36:55.947" Title="How do testers perform unit testing?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-30T10:40:17.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Question should be how to find good defects in the product, What are&#xA;  the best practices to maximize the chances to find valid defects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each individual has their own distinctive style for testing, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/tips-to-find-valid-defects-in-any-application/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Read This&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find this very useful and you can learn so many things from this article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T06:55:14.920" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T06:55:14.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2016-08-30T10:53:07.597" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, Unit testing only perform by the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A unit is the smallest testable part of an application like functions, classes, procedures, interfaces. Unit testing is a method by which individual units of source code are tested to determine if they are fit for use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit tests are basically written and executed by software developers&lt;/strong&gt; to make sure that code meets its design and requirements behaves as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T11:15:53.357" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T11:15:53.357" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2016-08-30T11:21:24.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A function does something; features are characteristics or qualities of the function, or perhaps how it does what it does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When assessing software, should buyers look at functions, features, or both? I would think that the focus would be on functions (what you’re looking for the system to do for you), as these are fairly easy to identify. Features may vary from vendor to vendor, though functions may be almost universally available. And so, you might consider the features of one vendor versus another, as a way to decide which you prefer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21103" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T11:21:24.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2016-08-30T11:28:35.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit Testing is in my personal opinion the most difficult and important code a developer writes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit Testing in it's core is breaking down the application into small pieces and ensuring that each piece is functional on it's own. It is an extremely cheap and easy way to ensure that sections are functional. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is several different principles to Unit Testing. My personal favorite is &lt;a href=&quot;https://fsharpforfunandprofit.com/posts/property-based-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Property Based Testing&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BDD&lt;/a&gt; Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for can you write unit tests, no. You can't actually write them. You could review over the code, try and understand it and attempt to determine what should be tested and how. You could work with a developer and try and give them ideas for more unit tests. Writing them yourself as a QA is extremely difficult especially if you do not have write access to the AUT. And if the application is not currently being hit by unit tests it likely was not written with testing in mind which makes it 1000x harder to implement unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of that being said one area where I feel QA should have more understanding is reviewing unit tests. A strong unit testing foundation drastically improves the timeline of the development process and results in a stronger project. It makes it easier and quicker for new developers to learn the application and requires developers to think about what they are implementing. Learn unit testing, study it and try and push your team to implement as many of them as makes sense to implement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T11:28:35.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2016-08-30T11:51:32.243" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short answer&lt;/strong&gt; - Usually they don't. Developers write unit tests and ideally run them every time the software builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The longer version&lt;/strong&gt; - Unit tests are intended to test a single &lt;em&gt;unit&lt;/em&gt; of code. This means that they are not testing through the application user interface, but are running directly against the single unit they are testing and using stub/mock data to simulate the unit's dependencies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this, no, someone with no coding knowledge can't write unit tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T11:51:32.243" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22325" CreationDate="2016-08-30T11:51:53.007" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've noticed  that the advantage to have  a person that is focused on quality and testing is having a point of view different than the developers one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, since you're new in the project someone (not necessarily a developer) should take some time to help you understand the functionality, also you can rely on previous test cases, if there some, and in user's guides. Probably you'll need a lot of help  executing the tests, but if you understand the functionality under testing you'll be able to come up  with pretty good test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the purpose and requirements of the functionality you're going to test. Rely on people, not necessarily developers, , documentation, including previous test cases,  and user's guides.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try designing for own test cases (what to do no how to do it). Ask someone to have a look at them in order to select the ones that are applicable and the ones that are not. Here you'll see how &lt;strong&gt;you're unfamiliarity with the product will produce unexpected test cases no one has considered&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask for help at executing the test cases. Here is where you're going to need more help since you do not know how to perform the operations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope my insight will help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17370" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T11:51:53.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22334" CreationDate="2016-08-30T12:02:00.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The wikipedia definitions quoted by @TESTasy are a good start, but I'll sum them up a bit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Capacity Testing&lt;/strong&gt; measures &lt;em&gt;how many&lt;/em&gt; users the application can handle. It is a subset of scalability testing, in that when testing scalability, you will get a measure of application capacity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scalability Testing&lt;/strong&gt; measures &lt;em&gt;how well&lt;/em&gt; the application handles increasing numbers of users. If you test scalability until the application fails, you will have a measure of how many users (capacity) the application can handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T12:02:00.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22346" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-30T12:07:04.867" Score="1" ViewCount="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;we have several testlabs, with various computers in different configurations.&#xA;Some of these computers belong to a business unit and most of the time are not used. But when these busines units are to do UAT they have priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment, we do not have an overview of which computer is used by whom over which period of time.&#xA;It would help us a lot to be able to book computers over a period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the best tool to do so (preferably open source) ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot for your help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21107" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T12:07:04.867" Title="What is the best tool to manage test lab computer bookings" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-08-31T12:57:13.680" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22334" CreationDate="2016-08-30T12:50:58.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scalability&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;performance&lt;/strong&gt; testing is the way to understand how the system will handle the load cause by many concurrent users. In a Web environment concurrent use is measured as simply the number of users making requests at the same time.&#xA;Performance testing is designed to measure how quickly the program completes a given task. The primary objective is to determine whether the processing speed is acceptable in all parts of the program. If explicit requirements specify program performance, then performance test are often performed as acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule, performance tests are easy to automate. This makes sense above all when you want to make a performance comparison of different system conditions while using the user interface. The capture and automatic replay of user actions during testing eliminates variations in response times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T12:50:58.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2016-08-30T14:32:26.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit test are just small programs which call small units of code being developed and test if the call returns expected values (or makes expected changes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit testing is performed by program&lt;/strong&gt; (which runs unit tests: &lt;strong&gt;test runner&lt;/strong&gt;), not by a human.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answer to your question is: no, someone with no programming skills by definition is not able to write unit test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also does not make sense for anyone else than a developer to write unit tests. To write them, you have to be extremely familiar with the minute details of the code, &lt;strong&gt;how code works from the inside&lt;/strong&gt;. Only developers have such detailed knowledge (usually only of &lt;strong&gt;some parts&lt;/strong&gt; of the whole system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA testers do not require such detailed knowledge of the code deep insides. They are focused on how different parts of the code fit together, and how they perform actions which user wants. It is very useful to perform such testing by someone who did not write the code, to flush out some unsaid assumptions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it is beneficial for a tester to have &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; knowledge of the system insides, so tester can better develop test strategies to test parts of the system which were not directly changed by a code path tested, but &lt;strong&gt;can be affected by the changes&lt;/strong&gt;. But such knowledge is in more general terms, not on level of the detailed function calls and parameters passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-08-30T14:43:36.127" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T14:43:36.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22325" CreationDate="2016-08-30T14:39:32.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually steps required to test should be provided by system analyst - they are the goal for developer to attain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to receive good user-level training about how to use the system you are supposed to test, so SA can give you short description of the action required to test some interaction and you should be able to translate it to detailed actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of your tasks as a tester is to make sure that SA described requirements unambiguously, including description of the expected behavior (which is base of your tests) and that developer coded according to those requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If some activities are described in not enough detail, ask for explanation (and learn so next time you know it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T14:39:32.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22325" CreationDate="2016-08-30T19:54:33.047" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, absolutely not.  One of the reasons for developers and testers to be different people is because it's very easy for someone who developed some function to know how it should work, and test the happy path, the one that they know should work.  I'm not saying they'll do it intentionally, just that part of the reasons that QA exists is to go down the paths that developers don't think about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that said, yes, there needs to be some way for you to figure out what it is you're supposed to be doing.  And in this case, you may have a wonderful chance to either test the documentation that's available, or to test the UI.  If the thing under test is being developed for people with no prior knowledge of the thing being tested, then you're a very good person to come in and represent a new user.  If you can't figure it out, then that suggests that either the documentation is lacking, or the UI is confusing.  Or both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if the thing under test is only supposed to be used by people with knowledge of it somehow, then you need to acquire that knowledge.  Other people on your team should provide it to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-08-30T19:54:33.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22331" CreationDate="2016-08-31T05:30:37.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please follow following steps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First locate your icon with xpath&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on that icon&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Give some wait after performing this action.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15637" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T12:27:52.657" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T12:27:52.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22334" CreationDate="2016-08-31T07:49:33.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scalability testing and capability testing  are basically a type of performance testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scalibity Testing-Checking the speed,stability along with load to check a response time is known as scalability testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capable Testing-Testing  capable testing is to ensure whether developed software works under different configurations (as stated in requirements documentation). This testing is necessary to check whether the application is capable with client's environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21120" LastEditorUserId="21120" LastEditDate="2016-09-02T02:07:49.613" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T02:07:49.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-31T07:54:46.727" Score="1" ViewCount="612" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate an HTML webpage which requires me to drag an image map area element by 50 pixels to the right and then release the click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried various techniques, like using an Actions class drag and drop function (also a series of actions like moveToElement &gt; clickAndHold &gt; moveByOffset &gt; release). I also tried to execute a javascript drag drop and Robot class too, all I was able to do was locate and click the area element, I was also able to retrieve its HTML attributes. Although selenium would not throw an error while executing drag and drop related instructions, however elements are not dragged and the script would eventually fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T07:54:46.727" Title="How to perform drag and drop on an Image Map Area element?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22233" CreationDate="2016-08-31T08:56:33.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the mobile app is accessible via a url you could try something like mobiletest.me these a 30 day trial available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T08:56:33.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2016-08-31T09:26:28.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some benefits of Unit Tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers have a fast feedback loop and know if something is broken immediately after they compile the code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By writing the tests first, developers are forced to write classes with well defined responsibilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, testers instead of developers running Unit Tests gets rid of these benefits. To make it worse, giving testers control of Unit Tests introduces a rigid structure around the code that must be changed along with the code, but that the people in charge of the code have no control over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit tests are run in 2 ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By the developer on the developer's machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By the build system, as one of the final build steps. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not an either/or. &lt;strong&gt;If a tester gets a build, the Unit Tests have already passed.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T09:26:28.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22325" CreationDate="2016-08-31T09:44:32.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rename Excluded Words at the Topic and Subtopic levels to be Not in&#xA;  Topic and Not in SubTopic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester, you're supposed to use the system similar to a customer. Does the customer get a step by step instruction how to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If no: Then the function must be intuitive, and testing that it is indeed intuitive can be considered part of the testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If yes: If the customer has access to support calls, or - unlikely - a good documentation, use the resources the customer has available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If yes, but I have no idea what these words on the test mean: Then you lack domain knowledge. As tester you should use the software like a customer, so you have to learn what the customer does and what words the customer uses. Ask your business analysts, fellow testers, developers, and anyone else in the company to learn the language of your domain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not least, if developers write the tests in an entirely separate domain language which is different from the customers', then they screwed up and need to fix that. A simple &quot;can you please reword that so people get what it means the first time they read it?&quot;, should do the trick. In some development ideologies the tester is close to the developers, so you can just turn around and ask them. Do ask them to clearly specify what they need tested, but do not ask them for step by step instructions - you don't need them, because it's your job to make different steps and break things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was a developer, later project manager. Personally, the best testers I worked with wanted to know what the software does, but refused to let me tell them how to use it. And then they came back with all kinds of requests about tooltips and such. That's also how I learned about Ctrl+Insert and Shift+Insert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T09:44:32.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9881" CreationDate="2016-08-31T10:09:04.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is worth to check PractiTest. You can also read more about this tool here&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2554/alternatives-to-hp-quality-center-for-small-business&quot;&gt;Alternatives to HP Quality Center for small business&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21123" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T10:09:04.683" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2016-08-31T11:51:21.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testers do not &lt;em&gt;perform&lt;/em&gt; unit tests at all&lt;/strong&gt; and I do not know any software development methodology, according which testers should do that. Only way, how the Tester, resp. a Test manager meets Unit testing could be  (but does not have to), is to gather and report unit test results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples how methodologies consider Unit testing: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For example according to RUP (Rational unified process) unit testing first of the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Testing levels&lt;/em&gt;&quot; which is &quot;&lt;em&gt;the explicit role of the &lt;strong&gt;implementer&lt;/strong&gt; who  ... carries out the activities of Implement Test Components and Subsystems and &lt;strong&gt;Perform&lt;/strong&gt; Unit Tests&lt;/em&gt;&quot; (read something about here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/dec04/koomen/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/dec04/koomen/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;According to ISTQB definition, &quot;&lt;em&gt;Unit tests are basically &lt;strong&gt;written and executed by&lt;/strong&gt; software &lt;strong&gt;developers&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; (read something about it here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-unit-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-unit-testing/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could be a pressure to testing team to develop automated unit tests, but this is not generally supported and recommended by methodologies. I can imagine various problems which are on the way (as tester is not aware of the incoming changes, unit test are failing unless they are repaired, build never completely success because of deffered tests, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some example of things, where somebody could think Unit tests belongs to testers: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For example in &lt;em&gt;concept&lt;/em&gt; of &lt;strong&gt;Test driven development&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;strong&gt;TDD&lt;/strong&gt;) of TMap NEXT testing mothodology, developers write tests of the Units first and after they do the code. But they are still developers and this will not make them testers of any kind. (read something about it here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://tmap.net/wiki/test-driven-development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tmap.net/wiki/test-driven-development&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-08-31T11:59:39.503" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T11:59:39.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22331" CreationDate="2016-08-31T12:38:38.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Login for twitter is not a real browser popup, so it is possible to locate it via XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement picture = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//img&quot;));&#xA;picture.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you have to put there full xpath or ID's etc. it depends on your HTML. Picture could be represented by styled div, so I cannot give more exact solution unless the html code is revealed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you application throws a new window popup you can handle it by &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   handles = driver.getWindowHandles()&#xA;   iterator = handles.iterator()&#xA;   WindowHandlerID = iterator.next()&#xA;   driver.switchTo().window(WindowHandlerID)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;note that this is not the code... code itself could be more complex to protect against exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your browser throws an alert popup, there are functions to handle it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;alert.accept();&#xA;//* or *//&#xA;alert.dismiss();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T09:30:35.557" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T09:30:35.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22368" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-08-31T13:12:21.497" Score="2" ViewCount="1044" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating our application and it has ids that are dynamic in a form. What happens is when I click on a button to add another form within the page, the HTML shows below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table id = &quot;expense_table&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id = &quot;OtherExpense&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id = &quot;Form01_dropdown01&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/input&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id = &quot;OtherExpense&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id = &quot;Form02_dropdown01&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/input&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id = &quot;Form02_dropdown02&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/input&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the Form01 increments, as well as the dropdown01 upon clicking add buttons. I had tried to use increments so everytime the add button is clicked the Form01 will increment to 2. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public int mainCtr = 0; // this increments when the add button is clicked&#xA;    public int formctr = 0;&#xA;    public int dropcTr = 0;&#xA; IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; elements = driver.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[contains(@id,'dropdown')]&quot;)); //counting dropdown boxes that are existing in the TA form&#xA;        int intLinkCount = elements.Count; // get the number of the dropdown boxes that are existing in the TA form&#xA;        dropdownCount = intLinkCount;&#xA;&#xA;        if (dropdownCount &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;                dropdownCount = dropdownCount + 1;&#xA;                dropCtr = dropdownCount;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            dropCtr = dropCtr + 2;&#xA;        }&#xA;    if(formctr &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;    {&#xA;     dropcTr = dropcTr + 1;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    driver.FindElement(By.Id(String.Format(&quot;Form0{0}_Button&quot;, otherExpCtr))).Click(); // button to add the dropdown below&#xA;    var otherexpInput = driver.FindElement(By.Id(String.Format(&quot;Form0{0}_dropdown0{1}&quot;, formCtr, dropcTr)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everytime the button is clicked, the new form will be added in the page, and when the add button for dropdown is clicked, a new dropdown is added as well.I am not sure how to handle it because what happens is that when there's 1 existing dropdown on Form01, the value of dropdownCount will become 1 that makes it 2 as assigned to dropCtr. When the add dropdown is clicked, it will look for dropDown02 which is not existing yet because it just added dropDown01. &#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T02:48:45.253" Title="How to handle dynamic IDs in Selenium webdriver using C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2016-08-31T13:33:15.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My testing motto is that it is always better that the QA find a bug, instead of the customer \ user finds one.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It might be that the product \ specific version \ specific feature you are testing, doesn't have bugs. If so, it is very good.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As long as you continue to get &quot;pass&quot; when you execute your tests, you continue to write new scenarios for the tests and you try to make your test package cover the entire product - i don't see any problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18944" LastEditorUserId="18944" LastEditDate="2018-10-21T05:54:44.513" LastActivityDate="2018-10-21T05:54:44.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22368" CreationDate="2016-08-31T17:12:18.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create selectors without using the part that is changing, is the entire attribute is changing then use other elements that do not change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you have: Form01_dropdown01 &gt; Form02_dropdown02 and so on, then you can use a css selector like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[id*=dropdown]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[id*=dropdown]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[id*=dropdown][id*=Form]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T17:12:18.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22374" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22375" CreationDate="2016-08-31T18:56:00.697" Score="3" ViewCount="3023" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to add an extension to my chromedriver for use in my test.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;According to the nightwatchjs website &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nightwatchjs/nightwatch/wiki/Chrome-Setup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;extensions |  array of strings    |   A list of Chrome extensions to install on startup. Each item in the list should be a base-64 encoded packed Chrome extension (.crx)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used another chrome extension to pull down the encoded .crx file from the chrome store and have it in my project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the relevant part of my &lt;code&gt;conf.js&lt;/code&gt; file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;test_settings: {&#xA;    default: {&#xA;        launch_url: launch_url,&#xA;        screenshots : {&#xA;            enabled : true,&#xA;            on_failure: true,&#xA;            on_error: true,&#xA;            path : &quot;./nw_out&quot;&#xA;        },&#xA;        desiredCapabilities: {&#xA;            browserName: 'chrome',&#xA;            javascriptEnabled: true,&#xA;            chromeOptions : {&#xA;                extensions: ['./extension_1_5.crx'] //this is the line that is erroring&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my test file (I understand it's not the most clean at the moment, but will work that out once I get this problem resolved).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports = {&#xA;'Trello Card Data' : function (browser) {&#xA;    browser&#xA;        .windowMaximize()&#xA;        .url('https://trello.com/')&#xA;        .pause(3000)&#xA;        .useCss()&#xA;        .click('#content &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; p &amp;gt; a')&#xA;        .useXpath()&#xA;        .setValue('//*[@id=&quot;user&quot;]', '&amp;lt;email&amp;gt;')&#xA;        .setValue('//*[@id=&quot;password&quot;]', '&amp;lt;password&amp;gt;')&#xA;        .useCss()&#xA;        .click('#login')&#xA;        .pause(5000)&#xA;        .end();&#xA;    }&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run this test (configuration is working when I remove the chromeOptions from the &lt;code&gt;desiredCapabilities&lt;/code&gt;), I am getting the following error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error retrieving a new session from the selenium server Connection&#xA;  refused! Is selenium server started? { state: 'unhandled error',&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  sessionId: null,   hCode: 3329947,   value:     {&#xA;  additionalInformation: '\nDriver info:&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver',&#xA;       localizedMessage: 'unknown error: cannot process extension #1\nfrom unknown error: cannot base64 decode\n  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.20.353145, platform=Windows NT 6.1 SP1 x86_64)&#xA;  (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace&#xA;  information)\nCommand duration or timeout: 655 milliseconds\nBuild&#xA;  info: version: \'2.53.0\', revision: \'35ae25b\', time: \'2016-03-15&#xA;  17:00:58\'\nSystem info: host: \'\', ip: \'\', os.name: \'Windows 7\',&#xA;  os.arch: \'x86\', os.version: \'6.1\', java.version:&#xA;  \'1.8.0_101\'\nDriver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver',&#xA;       systemInformation: 'System info: host: \'\', ip: \'\', os.name: \'Windows 7\', os.arch: \'x86\',&#xA;  os.version: \'6.1\', java.version: \'1.8.0_101\'',&#xA;       supportUrl: null,&#xA;       cause: null,&#xA;       suppressed: [],&#xA;       message: 'unknown error: cannot process extension #1\nfrom unknown error: cannot base64 decode\n  (Driver info:&#xA;  chromedriver=2.20.353145, platform=Windows NT 6.1 SP1 x86_64)&#xA;  (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace&#xA;  information)\nCommand duration or timeout: 655 milliseconds\nBuild&#xA;  info: version: \'2.53.0\', revision: \'35ae25b\', time: \'2016-03-15&#xA;  17:00:58\'\nSystem info: host: \'\', ip: \'\', os.name: \'Windows 7\',&#xA;  os.arch: \'x86\', os.version: \'6.1\', java.version:&#xA;  \'1.8.0_101\'\nDriver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver',&#xA;       hCode: 19834450,&#xA;       class: 'org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException',&#xA;       buildInformation: &#xA;        { buildRevision: '35ae25b',&#xA;          buildTime: '2016-03-15 17:00:58',&#xA;          releaseLabel: '2.53.0',&#xA;          hCode: 10545182,&#xA;          class: 'org.openqa.selenium.internal.BuildInfo' },&#xA;       screen: null },   class: 'org.openqa.selenium.remote.Response',   status: 13  }&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help in determining the solution to this would be greatly appreciated.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastEditorUserId="15298" LastEditDate="2018-04-19T18:32:04.260" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T18:32:04.260" Title="Error trying to add chrome extension in nightwatchjs" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;nightwatchjs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22374" CreationDate="2016-08-31T19:12:54.147" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like you simply need to encode the file to a base64 string:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;chromeOptions : {&#xA;    extensions: [encode('./extension_1_5.crx')]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;function encode(file) {&#xA;    var stream = require('fs').readFileSync(file);&#xA;    return new Buffer(stream).toString('base64');&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2016-08-31T19:12:54.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22376" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-01T02:37:59.330" Score="3" ViewCount="616" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is, where does the testing take place? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do we need to set up separate testing environment for ETL testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, once the data is loaded in staging, testing starts or you wait till it reaches target? Again in which environment testing should take place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21142" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T02:56:06.290" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T05:49:57.113" Title="Is testing environment for ETL testing required" Tags="&lt;etl&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22399" CreationDate="2016-09-01T07:25:50.873" Score="1" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;In performance test it is common to use random numbers for some test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Default random functions give you a random number in a range in which each number has the same chance to be picked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be more realistic to use a normal or Poisson distribution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone knows some open source Java software that contains advanced random number generators?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T07:34:00.547" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T05:08:30.327" Title="Open source Java programme with advanced random number generators" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22378" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-01T08:31:42.603" Score="2" ViewCount="967" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using HP UFT version 12.5 and I have Google Chrome version 52.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if it supported by Chrome 52 version or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help, I am very new to it and kindly provide some tutorial link as well for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21149" LastEditorUserId="10968" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T09:17:01.230" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T10:04:45.110" Title="Does HP UFT 12.5 work with Chrome 52?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1127" CreationDate="2016-09-01T08:50:46.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which interface your touch screen is connected ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it restive 4 wire or I2C ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's I2C you can intercept and record I2C traffic and then automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's 4 wire analog, then things may get little bit harder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For embedded C there are mocking libraries as well, but they are useful only when you do unit testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21144" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T08:55:30.013" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T08:55:30.013" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22380" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-01T08:53:12.503" Score="0" ViewCount="634" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a protractor cucumber intellij project. I want to create a jenkins job that can run my tests. I have no idea how to do it. I could not find any tutorials that explain where to start from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21109" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T18:51:30.243" Title="jenkins job for protractor cucumber" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21901" CreationDate="2016-09-01T11:05:46.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you have asked wrong information.&#xA;While automating Mobile browsers/applications we will use appium &amp;amp; this will work for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ANDROID with above API-17 level&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. It means you must have Android device of version above-4.2.2. Confirm your Android device version- &lt;code&gt;Go to Setting--&amp;gt; about Phone--&amp;gt;Android version.&lt;/code&gt;  According to the version of your Android install/download by selecting API level. If your Android version in between them i.e version-5.0.4 then you may select as API 22. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Select greater version every time it will works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T09:12:57.710" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T09:12:57.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22378" CreationDate="2016-09-01T11:29:22.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;QTP/UFT vs Chrome Support Matrix&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jwwgx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jwwgx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T11:29:22.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22259" CreationDate="2016-09-01T11:34:00.287" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The parameter passed inside 'keys' function is just a array of characters to be typed. For actions like enter and backspace, appropriate unicode characters must be passed. The unicode character for 'enter' is '\uE007'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specific answer to the question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.keys(&quot;\uE007&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer from answer '030' is just an alternate way to get the search going. Clicking on the search button by passing the selectors for search button to the click function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For further documentation on the other keyboard actions:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://w3c.github.io/webdriver/webdriver-spec.html#h-keyboard-actions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://w3c.github.io/webdriver/webdriver-spec.html#h-keyboard-actions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21154" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T17:18:29.693" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T17:18:29.693" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22233" CreationDate="2016-09-01T11:37:21.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional Testing verifies app/site content (images, text, controls, and links) as it is displayed on the actual mobile devices that your analytics demand.&#xA;Test team verifies that forms correctly submit and collect information from users, that all components (video/sound streams, ecommerce submissions) function as expected, and that all links are correct and functional. This includes web site cookie and session tracking tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T11:37:21.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2016-09-01T11:45:35.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think testers should not test classes/modules/functions. testers should do functional testing and automate it. why? because programmers use their favorite language, tools, methodology. and those tools can change pretty frequently. code is constantly evolving and unit tests also have to evolve. programmers know how to correctly implement and refactor unit-tests to make their maintenance least expensive. programmers know which part of code is a public contract of their modules and which is only implementation detail (that usually should not be tested). programmers know on what parts of the system should be tested as a whole and which should be tested individually&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to sum it up: maintenance of tests costs. in a healthy system there should be the biggest number of unit tests (rule of a thumb: up to 2x more lines of tests than production code). only programmers know how to make the maintenance cheap&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;however if you test system that suppose to talk with other system (rest, soap, etc) then it can be pretty close to unit-testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T11:45:35.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22337" CreationDate="2016-09-01T12:02:48.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, but you will have to learn to code :) Programming is an awesome skill. Also a pretty helpful tool in your tester tool-kit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn unit-testing I would advice to start &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/886492/Learning-Test-Driven-Development-with-TDD-Katas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;learning Test-Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; after you gathered basic coding knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without having a lot of programming knowledge you could do &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pair_programming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;pair-programming&lt;/a&gt; and assist in unit-testing then. Your pair can be the programming guru and you the test guru :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are four different roles in software development who do (unit)-testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software Engineer&lt;/strong&gt;: Writes most unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Writes a lot of test code including test driven design and unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software Engineer in Test&lt;/strong&gt;: Writes unit-tests when refactoring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A developer role except their focus is on testability. They review&#xA;  designs and look closely at code quality and risk. They refactor code&#xA;  to make it more testable. SETs write unit testing frameworks and&#xA;  automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Engineer&lt;/strong&gt;: Doesn't write a lot of unit-tests, possible pairs with other roles during unit-testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is a a role that puts testing first and development second. Many&#xA;  Google TEs spend a good deal of their time writing code in the form of&#xA;  automation scripts and code that drives usage scenarios and even&#xA;  mimics a user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual Tester&lt;/strong&gt;: Doesn't write any automated tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://googletesting.blogspot.nl/2011/02/how-google-tests-software-part-two.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://googletesting.blogspot.nl/2011/02/how-google-tests-software-part-two.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T12:02:48.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22388" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-01T12:13:59.400" Score="1" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a convenient little tool that opens a file exclusively so that I can test what happens when our application tries to access it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OS: Windows 7 and 10 (should be a Desktop application)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T01:00:00.107" Title="Tool to open a file exclusively" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T08:52:14.213" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-01T12:17:03.997" Score="-1" ViewCount="670" Body="&lt;p&gt;Identified xpath is not working in testng, if the xpath is in first line of the method logout. The same xpath is working without using testng. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unable to locate element: &lt;code&gt;{&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;//*[@class='level1 menu static']/li[2]/a&quot;}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Program is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void login(){&#xA;driver1.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtUsername&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;***&quot;);&#xA;driver1.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtPassword&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;***&quot;);&#xA;driver1.findElement(By.id(&quot;btnLogin&quot;)).click();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Logged into the application&quot;);&#xA;}       &#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void Logout() throws InterruptedException &#xA;{   &#xA;    WebElement l =driver1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='level1 menu static']/li[2]/a&quot;));&#xA;            act.moveToElement(l).perform();                 &#xA;   driver1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='level1 menu static']/li[2]/ul/li[1]/a&quot;)).click();    &#xA;                }}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to identify the problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21150" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-09-02T16:19:49.760" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T18:32:23.270" Title="Identified xpath is not working in testng,if the xpath is in first line of the method logout. the same xpath is working without using testng" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22378" CreationDate="2016-09-01T12:24:56.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Iterations for Chrome are so fast these days that it is almost impossible for a company to keep pace with it.&#xA;By the time HPE comes up with a support for new version of Chrome; Chrome has already advanced by 2 major versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HPE may not be publishing each and every time when a new Chrome versions launches but there are chances your version of UFT would work if it was working for &lt;em&gt;near&lt;/em&gt; prior versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learnqtp.com/uft-qtp-browser-support-matrix/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;UFT/QTP: Browser Support Matrix for IE, Firefox, Chrome, Netscape &amp;amp; Safari&lt;/a&gt;, UFT 12.52 supports Chrome v50 with Patch 1. So you may try with the same patch for Chrome v52.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7337" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T12:24:56.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22377" CreationDate="2016-09-01T14:03:55.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Goal of random numbers is NOT to have &quot;realistic&quot; distribution (for which you need to define mean and SD - how many people will guess right?). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goal is to have some data with different values to possibly test different code paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also need testing for boundaries, special edge cases, etc. Even if data input has 0.01% chance to be present, your system is no good if it blows up to pieces when encounters such data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So data with &quot;realistic&quot; distribution is only one of the aspects of your test data, and not even the most important one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T14:03:55.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22389" CreationDate="2016-09-01T14:22:46.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, you should make sure the tests are executed in the correct order. This can be achieved in several ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Implicitly set test method order in testng.xml file like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Login/logout test&quot; preserve-order=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.test.LoginLogout&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;methods&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;include name=&quot;login&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;include name=&quot;Logout&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/methods&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use additional attributes of the @Test annotation: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(dependsOnMethods=&quot;login&quot;)&#xA;public void Logout() throws InterruptedException&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, you should make sure the element is accessible when the logout test is executed. This can be achieved, using some impementation of wait (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/11738528/3069490&quot;&gt;this SO answer&lt;/a&gt; for some examples), like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver1, timeoutInSeconds);    &#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='level1 menu static']/li[2]/a&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T14:22:46.780" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22393" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-01T15:40:10.997" Score="-2" ViewCount="96" Body="&lt;p&gt;When addressing an answer that had a flawed understanding of what a Unit Test is, I wanted to link to this question. But I found it didn't exist yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a Unit Test? And for completeness: what makes it different from a Functional Test or an Integration Test, or an Automated Test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T19:12:27.220" Title="What is a Unit Test?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="12" ClosedDate="2016-09-02T03:43:41.367" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22388" CreationDate="2016-09-01T17:49:51.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could simply drop the file on a VBS script to lock it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-vbs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim file&#xA;file = WScript.Arguments(0)&#xA;&#xA;With CreateObject(&quot;Scripting.FileSystemObject&quot;).OpenTextFile(file, 1, False, 0)&#xA;    WScript.Echo file &amp;amp; vbCr &amp;amp; &quot;Press OK to close the file&quot;&#xA;End With&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Paste the code in a new text file and save it with the &lt;code&gt;.vbs&lt;/code&gt; extension. Then to lock a file, just drop it on the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T17:49:51.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8803" CreationDate="2016-09-01T18:22:34.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I finally got back around to looking at this issue again as I had more of a need to make this happen. Here is the &quot;work around&quot; I implemented and works for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var targetElement = Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;Id_Of_RadEditor_Iframe&quot;));&#xA;int length = targetElement.Text.Length;&#xA;&#xA;for (var i = 0; i &amp;lt; length; i++)&#xA;{&#xA;    targetElement.SendKeys(Keys.Delete);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7915" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T18:22:34.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22393" CreationDate="2016-09-01T19:12:27.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4904096/whats-the-difference-between-unit-functional-acceptance-and-integration-test&quot;&gt;good answer&lt;/a&gt; from stackoverflow: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Depending on where you look, you'll get slightly different answers.&#xA;  I've read about the subject a lot, and here's my distillation; again,&#xA;  these are slightly wooly and others may disagree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tests the smallest unit of functionality, typically a method/function&#xA;  (e.g. given a class with a particular state, calling x method on the&#xA;  class should cause y to happen). Unit tests should be focussed on one&#xA;  particular feature (e.g., calling the pop method when the stack is&#xA;  empty should throw an InvalidOperationException). Everything it&#xA;  touches should be done in memory; this means that the test code and&#xA;  the code under test shouldn't:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Call out into (non-trivial) collaborators&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Access the network&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Hit a database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Use the file system&#xA;  Spin up a thread&#xA;  etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any kind of dependency that is slow / hard to understand / initialise&#xA;  / manipulate should be stubbed/mocked/whatevered using the appropriate&#xA;  techniques so you can focus on what the unit of code is doing, not&#xA;  what its dependencies do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In short, unit tests are as simple as possible, easy to debug,&#xA;  reliable (due to reduced external factors), fast to execute and help&#xA;  to prove that the smallest building blocks of your program function as&#xA;  intended before they're put together. The caveat is that, although you&#xA;  can prove they work perfectly in isolation, the units of code may blow&#xA;  up when combined which brings us to ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Integration tests build on unit tests by combining the units of code&#xA;  and testing that the resulting combination functions correctly. This&#xA;  can be either the innards of one system, or combining multiple systems&#xA;  together to do something useful. Also, another thing that&#xA;  differentiates integration tests from unit tests is the environment.&#xA;  Integration tests can and will use threads, access the database or do&#xA;  whatever is required to ensure that all of the code and the different&#xA;  environment changes will work correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you've built some serialization code and unit tested its innards&#xA;  without touching the disk, how do you know that it'll work when you&#xA;  are loading and saving to disk? Maybe you forgot to flush and dispose&#xA;  filestreams. Maybe your file permissions are incorrect and you've&#xA;  tested the innards using in memory streams. The only way to find out&#xA;  for sure is to test it 'for real' using an environment that is closest&#xA;  to production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The main advantage is that they will find bugs that unit tests can't&#xA;  such as wiring bugs (e.g. an instance of class A unexpectedly receives&#xA;  a null instance of B) and environment bugs (it runs fine on my&#xA;  single-CPU machine, but my colleague's 4 core machine can't pass the&#xA;  tests). The main disadvantage is that integration tests touch more&#xA;  code, are less reliable, failures are harder to diagnose and the tests&#xA;  are harder to maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, integration tests don't necessarily prove that a complete&#xA;  feature works. The user may not care about the internal details of my&#xA;  programs, but I do!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Functional tests check a particular feature for correctness by&#xA;  comparing the results for a given input against the specification.&#xA;  Functional tests don't concern themselves with intermediate results or&#xA;  side-effects, just the result (they don't care that after doing x,&#xA;  object y has state z). They are written to test part of the&#xA;  specification such as, &quot;calling function Square(x) with the argument&#xA;  of 2 returns 4&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Acceptance testing seems to be split into two types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Standard acceptance testing involves performing tests on the full&#xA;  system (e.g. using your web page via a web browser) to see whether the&#xA;  application's functionality satisfies the specification. E.g.&#xA;  &quot;clicking a zoom icon should enlarge the document view by 25%.&quot; There&#xA;  is no real continuum of results, just a pass or fail outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The advantage is that the tests are described in plain English and&#xA;  ensures the software, as a whole, is feature complete. The&#xA;  disadvantage is that you've moved another level up the testing&#xA;  pyramid. Acceptance tests touch mountains of code, so tracking down a&#xA;  failure can be tricky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, in agile software development, user acceptance testing involves&#xA;  creating tests to mirror the user stories created by/for the&#xA;  software's customer during development. If the tests pass, it means&#xA;  the software should meet the customer's requirements and the stories&#xA;  can be considered complete. An acceptance test suite is basically an&#xA;  executable specification written in a domain specific language that&#xA;  describes the tests in the language used by the users of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;They're all complementary. Sometimes it's advantageous to focus on one&#xA;  type or to eschew them entirely. The main difference for me is that&#xA;  some of the tests look at things from a programmer's perspective,&#xA;  whereas others use a customer/end user focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T19:12:27.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20843" CreationDate="2016-09-01T20:49:45.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The unit tests should be code reviewed by the team. If you point out numerous problems with the tests, that may lend weight to the argument that more thought should be put into test design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-09-01T20:49:45.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22411" CreationDate="2016-09-01T22:59:05.653" Score="2" ViewCount="509" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing SQA work for several Kendo-based sites that have many tables (some are hand-made by our devs). These tables have a lot of rows, columns, pages, and data filled in them- so I'm basically doing SQA on very dynamic content.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to make automated scripts to make sure features like &lt;strong&gt;add a row&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;edit a row&lt;/strong&gt; work but the process seems terribly tedious and prone to failing (not because the actual table code is bad, but because the content is dynamic and thus the Selenium scripts grab the wrong row, column, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if I want to make a Selenium script for adding a row in a table, I have to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;figure out the &lt;code&gt;xPath&lt;/code&gt; to that specific table&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;store the &lt;code&gt;Xpath&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;store the &lt;code&gt;XpathCount&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add a row&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fill in details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get the new &lt;code&gt;XpathCount&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make sure the new count of rows is 1 more than the original number of rows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if all is good so far, get the &lt;strong&gt;specific path&lt;/strong&gt; to the new row and hope that it's where you think it is&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;assert that all of the data of this new row is what was entered on creation of the row&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say your table stores things alphabaetically and you can't control all the other tests the devs are running, so its populated with 54 items. You run your Selenium script to click 'Create Row' and then on the 'Create Row' page, it fills in the details for a row with the main attribute name of 'Bob'. Selenium then clicks 'Submit'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The table/webpage inserts the row 'Bob' between 'BAMF' and 'Karl' but the Selenium test ultimately fails because the content is dynamic and thus it has no clue what row to look for that has 'Bob' in it. If I have to look at the table each time I run a test to see where 'Bob' would go so I can update the script to know where the row will be, I might as well not automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are tests like these not supposed to be automated? Are test scripts like these supposed to only run on empty tables that you populate yourself? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20824" LastEditorUserId="20824" LastEditDate="2016-09-01T23:19:00.737" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T12:24:56.777" Title="Selenium IDE with tables or manual test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22377" CreationDate="2016-09-02T05:08:30.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For instance &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; has some advanced &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#timers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Timers&lt;/a&gt; to simulate virtual users &quot;think time&quot;, you can take a look into that direction. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/comprehensive-guide-using-jmeter-timers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;A Comprehensive Guide to Using JMeter Timers&lt;/a&gt; for more details on i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Gaussian_Random_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gaussian Random Timer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Poisson_Random_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Poisson Random Timer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need not to pause the execution but to generate a number, you can check out underlying implementation of these timers &lt;a href=&quot;http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/jmeter/trunk/src/components/org/apache/jmeter/timers/GaussianRandomTimer.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/jmeter/trunk/src/components/org/apache/jmeter/timers/PoissonRandomTimer.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T05:08:30.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22400" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-02T06:06:36.157" Score="1" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why we use mobile app rather than web app?&#xA;It's a common question answered by many websites but I did not find my answer.&#xA;Please make your answer short and specific. Real life example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21165" LastEditorUserId="21103" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T08:34:48.447" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T08:34:48.447" Title="Difference between mobile application and web application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-02T11:30:25.753" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2016-09-02T06:38:00.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression testing&lt;/strong&gt; - Regression testing is always done to verify that modified code does not break the existing functionality of the application and works within the requirements of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Retesting&lt;/strong&gt; - The tester re tests the application which was earlier reported as a bug and now fixed by the developer. This bug can be due to functionality issues as well as design issues. Retesting the functionality of a button which was previously not working or testing the alignment issues of a page etc can be listed as examples for retesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt; - we have an image uploading field which supports only certain image formats say JPG, PNG etc. Suppose one of the images formats failed (say JPG) and the developer fixed it. Testing the functionality, after fixing this bug is retesting. Here, testing and ensuring whether this new change (fixes) has not altered the working of other fields on that page is regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21165" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T06:38:00.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22400" CreationDate="2016-09-02T07:06:05.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A mobile app is a program that is downloaded and installed onto a user's mobile device, whereas a mobile website is simply a website adapted to tablet and smartphone formats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please check these &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.unitag.io/mobile-websites/what-is-the-difference-between-a-mobile-application-and-a-mobile-webpage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.apteligent.com/2015/09/app-insight-between-mobile-and-web/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T07:06:05.523" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22404" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-02T08:54:08.747" Score="2" ViewCount="2939" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often have to write and execute validation tests on rather large datasets. The data comes in different quantities (one file vs. many files) and formats - sometimes it is table-like (csv, dbf, ...) and sometimes it is tree-like (JSON, XML, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests that I have to execute are either simple checking of each value against a list or range of valid values (e.g. &lt;code&gt;temperature &amp;gt; -20 AND temperature &amp;lt; 50&lt;/code&gt; or sometimes checking interdependencies between multiple records (e.g. seven records belonging to the same type must have consecutive timestamps).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My preferred language for writing and executing such tests is Python but I am willing to learn something new if that would be helpful.&#xA;If possible, I would like to use one of the established test runners such as &lt;code&gt;UnitTest&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nose&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;py.test&lt;/code&gt;, ... in order to profit from their already built-in infrastructure (logging which test is currently running, statistics on passed/failed tests, jUnit XML output etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now comes the problem: The data sets can be large (a few million records or more) and reading them completely into memory is not always possible/reasonable. Consequently, it is not possible to write something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Validate_Data(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    def setUp(self):&#xA;        self.data = read_all_data_into_memory()&#xA;&#xA;    def validate_something(self):&#xA;        for record in self.data:&#xA;            self.assertEqual(record['some_key'], 1)&#xA;&#xA;    def validate_something_else(self):&#xA;        for record in self.data:&#xA;            self.assertEqual(record['some_other_key'], 2)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, reading the data from arbitrary file formats such as CSV, XML, protobuf, ... might take some time, so it would neither be reasonable to read the records one by one again and again inside of each testing function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would rather like to do would be reading the single records from file one by one (to stay low on memory consumption), passing each record into multiple testing functions one after the other and when done, continue with the next record, but still end the process with a nice overview of which tests passed/failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would this be accomplished best? An idea that came to my mind for this: In the setup method, read the whole data record by record once and store it in some binary format on disk (pickle, messagepack, pytables, hdf5, ...). Then read it again from there in each testing method which should take way less time than reading it during setup.&#xA;However, I am not sure whether this is the best way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also read a few examples of data-driven-testing (e.g. with nose test generators), generating a new test case for each record read - however, I think generating millions of test cases won't be a good idea performance-wise. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21158" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T12:11:58.867" Title="Validation testing of large datasets" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;&lt;validation&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11710" CreationDate="2016-09-02T09:11:25.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://artillery.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Artillery&lt;/a&gt; is a load-testing tool with &lt;strong&gt;native&lt;/strong&gt; Socket.io support out of the box (and is written in Node.js too).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is native Socket.io support important? WebSocket is only one of the underlying transport protocols that Socket.io can use &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; Socket.io layers &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/socketio/socket.io-protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;its own protocol&lt;/a&gt; on top, so while it's &lt;em&gt;possible&lt;/em&gt; to test a Socket.io server with something like the WebSocket Plugin for JMeter, it certainly won't be as easy to write your tests as when using something that speaks Socket.io &quot;natively&quot;, &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; your tests won't be as realistic (for example, you will skip protocol negotiation and will be connecting straight to the WebSocket endpoint exposed by Socket.io).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Disclosure: I am the lead developer of Artillery.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21169" LastEditorUserId="21169" LastEditDate="2016-09-02T13:05:37.323" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T13:05:37.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22400" CreationDate="2016-09-02T09:39:53.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Web application takes more time to load pages and there are also performance issues whereas mobile apps are much faster than Web application. Hence, mobile app usage is more than Web app. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21133" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-03T03:15:50.103" LastActivityDate="2016-09-03T03:15:50.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1223" CreationDate="2016-09-02T11:47:18.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is your answer just check out :&#xA;Re-Testing: After a defect is detected and fixed, the software should be retested to confirm that the original defect has been successfully removed. This is called Confirmation Testing or Re-Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression testing:  Testing your software application when it undergoes a code change to ensure that the new code has not affected other parts of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T11:47:18.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15692" CreationDate="2016-09-02T11:49:54.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Difference between Pilot and Beta Testing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pilot testing involves having a group of end users try the system prior to its full deployment in order to give feedback on its performance. It is done by group of users who try to test the system prior its full deployment to provide the feedback about the quality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Beta testing is testing of the product in the user environment. It is done at the client side and all end users use the system and see whether the system is working as per their given requirements. This is done after pilot testing is successful and the defects found in case of pilot testing are fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the definitions, its is evident that beta testing comes at last in development cycle; whereas pilot testing takes place before deployment of the system. Also, beta testing takes place in real time user environment and pilot testing in development environment. A selected group of users do pilot testing whereas beta testing is carried by all users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Limited users use the product in pilot testing, where as real data does not input and is installed at the end customer to validate once the product is ready for the production in beta testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20884" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T11:49:54.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22404" CreationDate="2016-09-02T12:11:58.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you have several directions you can potentially take here, based on the information you've given, but all of them require a degree of modification to standard unit testing structures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some unit test frameworks allow you to identify a data source and will run a given test once per record. If these read each record one at a time, this will work for your simpler validation tests (you would need to check the documentation of your chosen framework to determine whether this would work for you).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A second option is to extend the framework to add a query-based data access layer to your preferred framework. Here you'd build in a helper routine that would connect to your data source and retrieve a set of records based on some form of query. For your example of multiple consecutive records needing timestamps to increase from the first to the last, you could query for the records, then pass the data set to a separate helper that checks for &lt;code&gt;dataset[n].timestamp &amp;lt; dataset[n+1].timestamp&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A third option which can be used if expected data follows defined rules is to take a known-good snapshot and use this as a baseline. This can be stored in whatever format works best for you (with extremely large datasets, I'd suggest a database with indexes on the fields you're most likely to query by), and then use record and/or object comparison between your baseline and your test data. This method can get horribly complex and introduce a lot of dependencies, so I wouldn't recommend it unless you have no better option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal preference would be to do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Run in parallel, not series&lt;/strong&gt; - if at all possible, farm your automation out across multiple machines, preferably physical machines because of the I/O requirements if you're running in-house and have a limited number of virtual servers to work with. That way, each machine can run against one or a small number of data files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anything that can be run as a simple data loop should be run as a simple data loop&lt;/strong&gt; - That is, any record-by-record validations should use the unit test standard of one read per record with the record access defined as part of the test. &lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; - if you have to do multiple validations per record set with this method, treat your test as the caller, and pass each validation to a separate routine that logs results, so you can clearly tell which validation failed and you don't have the routine stop on the first failure (unless you need to to stop on the first failure - for data validation I wouldn't do that, but it depends on your situation).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Only add complexity if simple structures can't handle your tests&lt;/strong&gt; - I can't stress this enough. I've seen what happens when automation code gets over-complex, and it makes figuring out if a problem is caused by the automation or an actual fault a nightmare. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Transform your source data to a common format&lt;/strong&gt; - I'd honestly make this the first thing any of my automation code did, as a utility routine that ran before the actual tests. It's easier if you know that a particular type of data will always have a particular format (e.g. temperature readings will always be in CSV files), but even without that you can build readers that will create generic data objects pulling field names and values from anything known to contain data, and then write them to whatever works for you. You can even ignore the field names and create a truly horrible data structure that stores record type, record ID, field sequence, field value. (It's horrible but it works for a data dump that can be transformed later). The reason to do this is to allow you to use a simpler data access method during your test run - if your tests are pulling the data from the same source type, they'll be easier to manage. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For the most complex validations, use record objects and recordset objects&lt;/strong&gt; - This will give you more control over the information you're pulling, as long as you're pulling a limited set of data each time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think the language you're using matters: all my suggestions are language-agnostic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T12:11:58.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22398" CreationDate="2016-09-02T12:24:56.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can reach same results as with webdriver with Selenium IDE, if you will use &lt;strong&gt;Selblocks&lt;/strong&gt;. This will allow you to use for cycles, conditions, etc... and this will make all that table stuff much easier. You can even read test data from XML. Otherwise I cannot imagine to make it work in Selenium IDE and I would rather recommend webdriver and some programming language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantages could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whole javascript core should be dropped in Selenium 3 coming this winter, so it is not sure what will be with selblocks and when it stops working due to no support for new Firefox versions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium IDE is just for Firefox and with Selblocks you will no multi-browser possibility. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T12:24:56.777" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18132" CreationDate="2016-09-02T15:02:49.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used ISO/IEC 90003, which discusses how to implement ISO 9001 for Software Engineering as a guideline for areas that should be covered in a process.  There are a number of sections that discuss &quot;release&quot; depending on how the software is deployed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21173" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T15:02:49.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22413" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22415" CreationDate="2016-09-02T15:13:46.887" Score="0" ViewCount="855" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have googled and looked at this site for reference but all the answers I came across did not provide a guaranteed way to switch to a specific window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Java with Selenium and I trying to find a guaranteed way to switch between two windows (where the second window is from clicking a link that produces a pop up).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.getWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt; creates a Set object and since the Set interface does not provide any ordering guarantees, how will I be able to switch to a specific window?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I currently have is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void switchToPopUpWindow(By by) {&#xA;    driver.findElement(by).click();&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;    if (handles.size() &amp;gt; 1) {&#xA;        for (String currentWindow : handles) {&#xA;            driver.switchTo().window(currentWindow);&#xA;        }&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;There is only one window open...&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, since the ordering is not guaranteed, it won't always land on the window that I want. How can I guarantee a switch to the pop up window?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12793" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T10:21:26.023" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T10:21:26.023" Title="Guarantee switching to a specific window in Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16719" CreationDate="2016-09-02T15:20:48.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to get certified as an organization, you need to say what falls into the scope of the ISO 9001 certification.  If the scope in the certificate says &quot;design&quot;, then that means that the software development is required to be in compliance with ISO 9001.  Typically your overall Quality Manual would call out compliance to ISO 9001, and then the policies for Design and Development would also follow suit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to understand the details of how the standard 9001 applies to software, ISO 90003 is a Guideline that can be used.  Just to be clear, this does not mean that you need to trace to ISO 90003 at all, it's just a guideline.  Its enough to claim that your design is in compliance with ISO 9001, and therefore your auditors will have a reasonable expectation that the items described in 90003 are there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21173" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T15:20:48.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22413" CreationDate="2016-09-02T15:31:24.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/4-work-with-multiple-windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How To Work with Multiple Windows&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some browsers might order windows by the order of being opened, other in alphabetic title order. Suggested solution is to get the list of active windows &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; new is opened, and compare them afterwards to find the new one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider subscribing to the mailing list, for valuable tips and occasional webcasts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T15:31:24.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2016-09-02T16:24:59.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have GapDebug running pretty much 24/7 and I have found that it sometimes interferes with ADB. So I exit GapDebug, then start ADB, then restart GapDebug and all is well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21176" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T16:24:59.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20174" CreationDate="2016-09-02T18:46:29.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems as though &quot;Fulfill requirements for quality&quot; is what you are stumbling on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When ISO 9001 states that &quot;The organization shall determine requirements specified by the customer...&quot;, that is a quality requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When ISO 9001 states that &quot;Verification shall be performed in accordance with planned arrangements...&quot;, that is a quality requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are confusing &quot;quality requirements&quot;, requirements that come from a standard, such as ISO 9001, with &quot;product requirements&quot;, requirements that the product need to comply with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality control can fulfill some quality requirements from ISO 9001 such as &quot;verification shall be performed...&quot; You can review static documents as a method of verifying a document.  Therefore you meet the quality requirement of verification by doing static review, which is a method of quality control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21173" LastActivityDate="2016-09-02T18:46:29.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10204" CreationDate="2016-09-03T05:25:38.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out open source MediaInfo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Download the DLL and incorporate into your automation solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can extrapolate metadata for video (codec, frame rate, bit rate, etc.) and audio (codec, sample rate, etc.) &amp;amp; compare to expected / known values for pass / fail criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Choppy videos in particular may exhibit frame and bit rate values outside of your expected values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11571" LastActivityDate="2016-09-03T05:25:38.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15292" CreationDate="2016-09-03T17:56:45.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/basicallydan/interfake&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Interfake&lt;/a&gt; is another option. You can create HTTP servers from a JSON file or through a straightforward JS API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21169" LastActivityDate="2016-09-03T17:56:45.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11562" CreationDate="2016-09-04T21:56:45.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although not an injection attack, I like to start this answer with the most common vulnerability related to LDAP based authentication:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Empty passwords&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike most other protocols, LDAP allows an anonymous bind with an empty password. Unless anonymous bind has been disabled, a login attempt for any username with an empty password will complete successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The LDAP connection will only have the permission of an anonymous user, but websites usually rely on the result of the login operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Connection string injection&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some frameworks connect to the LDAP server with a connection string like this:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;ldaps://$username:$password@trusted-ldap.example.com&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows authentication against an LDAP server owned by the attacker: A password-parameter with the value &lt;code&gt;password@attacker-ldap.example.com?ignored=&lt;/code&gt; will result in &lt;code&gt;ldaps://admin:password@attacker-ldap.example.com?ignored=@trusted-ldap.example.com&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Filter injection&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LDAP filters are used to find the correct entry in the database. For example:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(uid=admin)&lt;/code&gt;. The syntax of filters is in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_notation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Polish notiation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example to check both &lt;code&gt;uid&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;email&lt;/code&gt; for the input string, the filter will say this: &lt;code&gt;|(uid=input)(email=input)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt; means &quot;or&quot; and &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/code&gt; means &quot;and&quot;. Both of them expect exactly two arguments in parentheses. But some LDAP servers ignore additional arguments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example a filter expression such as &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;(uid=input)(status=active)&lt;/code&gt; might be exploited by injection to allow access to inactive accounts: &amp;amp;(uid=&lt;strong&gt;admin)(1=1&lt;/strong&gt;)(status=active)`.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-europe-08/Alonso-Parada/Whitepaper/bh-eu-08-alonso-parada-WP.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Alonso et all&lt;/a&gt; go into detail on filter injection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as testing is concerned, you should at least ensure that none of these characters results in an syntax error: &lt;code&gt;( ) * &amp;amp; | ! = &amp;gt; &amp;lt; ~&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Most application use an LDAP search to learn the DN of the person trying to login. Afterwards they attempt an LDAP authentication with the DN returned from the search and the user provided password. Therefore the impact of filter injection tends to be very limited regarding the authentication process itself. But it can be used to disclose other information stored in the LDAP directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5670" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T21:56:45.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6568" CreationDate="2016-09-04T22:42:19.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your observation is correct. According to Emma, a block is defined as a &quot;sequence of byte code instructions without a jump&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This jump, however, can be caused by a byte code instruction throwing an exception. As most byte code instructions may throw exceptions, the number of  blocks is very close to the number of byte code instructions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This definition does make sense on a very low level, but it runs counter intuitive to developers expectations. As developer I associate the term &quot;block&quot; with { and }.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5670" LastActivityDate="2016-09-04T22:42:19.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-05T07:21:14.453" Score="1" ViewCount="523" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to create 1000 users at a time but when I execute test and after creation of 1st user, it gives an error that 'user already exsist' which is true. How can I create 1000 different users with different user names at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T05:50:45.453" Title="creation of 1000 different users using jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22316" CreationDate="2016-09-05T07:22:05.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was testing for a PDA app some years ago using TestComplete. They have a trial version available at &lt;a href=&quot;https://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://smartbear.com/product/testcomplete/overview/&lt;/a&gt; which might be worth taking a look at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9186" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T07:22:05.073" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22413" CreationDate="2016-09-05T08:17:59.000" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the simple and best way to handle multiple window's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void Test(){&#xA;    String parentWindowHandler = driver.getWindowHandle(); // Store your parent window&#xA;    String subWindowHandler = null;&#xA;&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles = driver.getWindowHandles(); // get all window handles&#xA;    Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; iterator = handles.iterator();&#xA;    while (iterator.hasNext()){&#xA;        subWindowHandler = iterator.next();&#xA;    }&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(subWindowHandler); // switch to popup window&#xA;                                                // perform operations on popup&#xA;&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(parentWindowHandler);  // switch back to parent window&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-tutorial.blogspot.in/2012/08/webdriver-popup-alert.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;For modal dialogue and popups Alerts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T08:17:59.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22429" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-05T09:38:59.913" Score="1" ViewCount="390" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I SAVE this as a link in Selenium IDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Command type  &amp;gt; Target id=title  &amp;gt; Value javascript{&quot;Code&quot; + Math.floor(Math.random()*11111)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will become  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;link=Code(numbers)&quot; ---&amp;gt;&amp;gt;Name of link will be &quot;Code with random numbers&quot;.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Question is, how do I store this name with random number and when I want to select this name and the random number &quot;Link&quot;, how do I go about this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean, I want to save this &quot;link&quot; with the Target as &quot;Code&quot; with a random number into a variable and select exactly the same one again?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible that I can select this link that I just created?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PLEASE HELP ME &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Danny &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21204" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-05T10:51:30.687" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T12:38:19.723" Title="Selenium-IDE: How to select a stored link that is a &quot;Name+RandomValue&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20413" CreationDate="2016-09-05T11:55:58.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not 100% sure what you are trying to achieve, but I think you should have a look at Atlassian &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Bamboo&lt;/a&gt; as a continuous integration server as it integrations pretty good with Jira.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A ci-server should be able to work with any testing tools, I would not worry to much about what tools to pick or not. Select the ones that best suit your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bamboo can run all your automated tests and link artifacts within Jira issues. Because Bamboo integrates with Jira for each issue you can see what &lt;a href=&quot;https://confluence.atlassian.com/bamboo/viewing-bamboo-activity-in-jira-applications-399377384.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;builds are successfull and which arent&lt;/a&gt;. Also you should be able to &lt;a href=&quot;https://answers.atlassian.com/questions/261267/automatically-creating-a-jira-issue-after-a-failed-bamboo-build&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;create Jira issues on failing builds by using the Jira AP&lt;/a&gt;I.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-05T11:55:58.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-06T02:19:09.537" Score="0" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am using RPT(IBM rational performance tester) as &lt;strong&gt;standalone&lt;/strong&gt; application. That is, not along with following  offerings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IBM Rational Performance Test Server&#xA;IBM Rational Test Virtualization Server&#xA;IBM Rational Test Workbench&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to ask can I use PVU licensing for virtual users in RPT installed as a standalone application?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In virtual tester pack there are predefined number of virtual users available in that pack. But how many virtual users are available with PVU license?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T14:41:28.727" LastActivityDate="2021-04-17T22:53:50.310" Title="How many number of virtual users available with PVU license for load testing with RPT?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17376" CreationDate="2016-09-06T03:43:49.287" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you added the Selenium Standalone JAR to your Java Project in Eclipse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Eclipse, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expand your project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right click on Referenced Libraries.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Point to Build Path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Configure Build Path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the dialog box that appears remove any old libraries, add new ones&#xA;and check and make sure you have added &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot;&gt;Selenium JAR&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have added the required libraries to the project try running again. It should solve the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T03:43:49.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22425" CreationDate="2016-09-06T05:50:45.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on your use case you can consider using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__threadNum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;__threadNum()&lt;/a&gt; function (it returns current JMeter thread number) as a prefix or postfix for username so different virtual users will generate different actual users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__RandomString&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;__RandomString()&lt;/a&gt; function to generate username out of pseudo-random characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-counter-jmeter-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;__counter() function or Counter test element&lt;/a&gt; to generate incrementing number and use it as prefix or postfix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T05:50:45.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-06T06:26:40.340" Score="1" ViewCount="3953" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Selenium. I'm using it with Python. I'm trying to use a CSS Selector with &lt;code&gt;:contains&lt;/code&gt; but failed so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On Chrome, the selector is rejected with &lt;code&gt;'a:contains(&quot;mail&quot;)' is not a valid selector&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On Firefox, it selects nothing and get timed out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help to point out what I'm doing wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The snippet for Chrome is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;&#xA;browser = webdriver.Chrome('/path/to/chromedriver')&#xA;&#xA;browser.get('https://www.google.com/')&#xA;&#xA;try:&#xA;    WebDriverWait(browser, 15).until(&#xA;        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a:contains(&quot;mail&quot;)'))&#xA;    )&#xA;finally:&#xA;    browser.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Immediately, the following error is printed on the console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;  File &quot;/some/path/test_contains.py&quot;, line 13, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a:contains(&quot;mail&quot;)'))&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/support/wait.py&quot;, line 71, in until&#xA;    value = method(self._driver)&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/support/expected_conditions.py&quot;, line 63, in __call__&#xA;    return _find_element(driver, self.locator)&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/support/expected_conditions.py&quot;, line 311, in _find_element&#xA;    raise e&#xA;selenium.common.exceptions.InvalidElementStateException: Message: invalid element state: Failed to execute 'querySelector' on 'Document': 'a:contains(&quot;mail&quot;)' is not a valid selector.&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=52.0.2743.116)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.9.248304,platform=Linux 4.4.0-36-generic x86_64)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The snippet for Firefox is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;&#xA;browser = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;&#xA;browser.get('https://www.google.com/')&#xA;&#xA;try:&#xA;    WebDriverWait(browser, 15).until(&#xA;        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a:contains(&quot;mail&quot;)'))&#xA;    )&#xA;finally:&#xA;    browser.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It ends with timeout:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;  File &quot;/some/path/test_contains.py&quot;, line 13, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a:contains(&quot;mail&quot;)'))&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/support/wait.py&quot;, line 80, in until&#xA;    raise TimeoutException(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;selenium.common.exceptions.TimeoutException: Message: &#xA;Stacktrace:&#xA;    at FirefoxDriver.annotateInvalidSelectorError_ (file:///tmp/tmpb2DcYS/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10744)&#xA;    at FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_ (file:///tmp/tmpb2DcYS/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10775)&#xA;    at FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElement (file:///tmp/tmpb2DcYS/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10779)&#xA;    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h (file:///tmp/tmpb2DcYS/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12661)&#xA;    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_ (file:///tmp/tmpb2DcYS/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12666)&#xA;    at DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/&amp;lt; (file:///tmp/tmpb2DcYS/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12608)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21209" LastEditorUserId="21209" LastEditDate="2016-09-06T06:50:21.650" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:11:53.743" Title="CSS Selector using ':contains' fails with `invalid element state: Failed to execute 'querySelector' on 'Document: is not a valid selector'`" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22435" CreationDate="2016-09-06T07:03:20.110" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CSS: The CSS2 contains function is not in  CSS3; however, Selenium&#xA;  supports the superset of CSS1, 2, and 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;contains() is not part of the current CSS3 specification so it will not work on all browsers, only ones that implemented it before it was pulled.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;have a look&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/362/a-way-to-match-on-text-using-css-locators&quot;&gt;Refer This&lt;/a&gt; For better understanding&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T04:11:53.743" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:11:53.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22437" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-06T08:52:22.887" Score="1" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assume I want to simulate a login in the display manager to automate a test case. More or less this would mean a tool simulating keystrokes I guess. Is there anything out there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Options I'm aware of, but I'm &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; asking for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable the login completely using automatic login or password-less login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using xnee you can do something similar, but sadly does not work fully:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lock your screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run cnee (xnee) on a virtual console CTRL + ALT + F1 to record mouse movements and key strokes: &lt;code&gt;cnee --record --keyboard --mouse --display :0 --out-file login.xnl&lt;/code&gt;. This will record mouse movements and key strokes from display :0.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Switching back to X console&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click into the password field, enter password and press RETURN&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Switch back to virtual console to stop recording with CTRL + C&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run cnee to replay the captured events &lt;code&gt;cnee --replay --display :0.0 --file login.xnl&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Immediately switch back to the X console (otherwise the commands will not be replayed there)&#xA;You're logged in now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What finally rendered the solution useless is that you have to switch to the X console, what would need to be automated, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21216" LastEditorUserId="21216" LastEditDate="2016-09-06T13:07:28.933" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T13:07:28.933" Title="Test automation in Linux: Simulate login to display manager (kdm)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;linux&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22437" CreationDate="2016-09-06T10:06:16.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess you want to test the display manager and not automate the login on a physical machine. (By the way I think &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDE_Display_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;KDM&lt;/a&gt; is dropped with the release of KDE Plasma 5 and now uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sddm/sddm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SDDM&lt;/a&gt; instead since a couple of years.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One possible way is to use VNC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;x11vnc&lt;/a&gt; server, which starts the display manager you want to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect with a VNC testing framework (for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/tplanrobot/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;T-Plan Robot&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run script to sendkeys and verify login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; to drive a VM (for example with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;VirtualBox&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start a VM with the display manager visible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start a Sikuli script on the host computer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siluki might also work against a physical machine when using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xrdp.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;xrdp&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-06T10:21:11.923" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T10:21:11.923" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22440" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-06T11:32:49.683" Score="1" ViewCount="394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a QA guy working on a java based web application running on JBoss. The server is running on CentOS 6.6 (bash). When I access the client in a web browser from my PC through &quot;https&quot; (say &lt;a href=&quot;https://10.0.0.1:8443&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://10.0.0.1:8443&lt;/a&gt;) it says the connection is insecured. I further hit the &quot;proceed anyway&quot; link and access the client. Still in the URL address bar, the https is stroke out with a red line. I found that it is because the SSL certificate is not present. The following are the issues which did not get resolved after I googled it for a few hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Where do I create an SSL certificate? (I know i need to pass a few commands to the bash shell, but on which machine? The local machine or the machine in which my web server is running? )&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What are the exact commands? A bit of explanation would be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once the certificate is created (I think it will be something like certificate.ssl or some other format) where do I have to move it? Inside the application running? or leave it alone in the machine in which the server is running? Or keep it in my local machine?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks. If you need any more information please ask in comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20963" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T11:41:59.360" Title="How to create an SSL certificate for my demo server and access the client through &quot;https&quot; without any warning in browser" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-06T18:25:02.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22440" CreationDate="2016-09-06T11:41:59.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SSL certificates need to be installed on the serverside, not the local machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The exact commands differ per which web server software you are using&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://letsencrypt.org/getting-started/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Let's Encrypt&lt;/a&gt; free certificates which they suggest you install with &lt;a href=&quot;https://certbot.eff.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;certbot&lt;/a&gt;. Certbot helps with commands and steps for each major web-server and operating system combination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also they have forums for getting further assistance: &lt;a href=&quot;https://community.letsencrypt.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://community.letsencrypt.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T11:41:59.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22429" CreationDate="2016-09-06T12:16:32.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is very simple question and very simple answer as well. This should work for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeEval      | Math.floor(Math.random()*11111) | RandomNumber&#xA;type           | id=title                        | ${RandomNumber}&#xA;...&#xA;waitForVisible | link=Code${RandomNumber}&#xA;click          | link=Code${RandomNumber}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;first line will store random value into the RandomNumber variable. each time you use varibale by ${xxx} the value will pop in the result action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2016-09-06T12:25:21.290" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T12:25:21.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20004" CreationDate="2016-09-06T13:42:46.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should wait for the &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; with classes &lt;code&gt;sweet-alert&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;visible&lt;/code&gt; and then perform any actions on the alert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the answer from  Sundling on 17 Dec 2015 at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/t4t5/sweetalert/issues/485&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt; sweet alert performs a 500ms fadeIn when opening the modal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During this-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;time the OK/Cancel buttons will not run the callback function, it will&#xA;  close the modal instead. An unexpected/confusing behavior according&#xA;  to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sweet alert will add the class visible when the animation has finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Using Capybara for testing you could use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;within &quot;.sweet-alert.visible&quot; do&#xA;  ... &#xA;  end&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21228" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T08:39:03.263" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T08:39:03.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22449" CreationDate="2016-09-06T20:36:25.697" Score="2" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to check if an application can process files in different languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I've thought so far is making a file for each language with the characters on their alphabets and a small fragment of a book and see if the application can process it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this approach leaves out punctuation symbols and other properties those languages might have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any experiences or advices on that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the languages are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;English&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;German&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Japanese&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mandarin (Chinese)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vietnamese&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Russian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arabic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Farsi&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17370" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T11:37:23.007" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T11:55:54.763" Title="Any advice on how to test if an application supports different languages" Tags="&lt;internationalization&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22447" CreationDate="2016-09-06T21:34:05.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could make a file that has all characters possible for a given language. Also you may need to check languages that can be read top to bottom or right to left are handled as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mandarin is a spoken language so you are probably verifying either simplified or traditional Chinese.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T21:34:05.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22447" CreationDate="2016-09-06T22:28:01.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Asian languages such as Japanese, Chinese and Koreans do have alphabets, but their characters are not written in alphabets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your alphabet approach will not work as well as you expected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I suggest you do is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on the background of your application, E.G. (is it a military themed game? is it a to do list application? is it an online ticketing system? is it a word processing application?) Google mostly common-used characters in each language for that background. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is a generic application, Google &quot;most common Chinese characters&quot; or &quot;most common phrase in Russian&quot; and use the results in your files. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Punctuation wise, test comma, finish, quote, double quotes, for most languages, those punctuation should be the same. You can extend your tests if you have enough time and resources. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have not told us what &quot;processing a file&quot; does for your application, if you can add it, I may come up with a bit more suggestions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-09-06T22:28:01.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22450" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24005" CreationDate="2016-09-07T00:29:30.763" Score="1" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to click on a web element, within TestComplete, this element looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rdxYo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rdxYo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I outlined its boundary using heavy-black line. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is, by default, an element is always clicked in its middle point, and for this element above, clicking its middle point produces no results as it does not click this plus sign. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within TestComplete, this element can not be broken further down into smaller elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can use Selenium in JavaScript to click it, but is there is an other way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T16:04:42.580" Title="How do I click on this element in TestComplete?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22452" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-07T06:56:01.727" Score="4" ViewCount="491" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our application is available in German and English, other languages may follow. Given I have an XPath like &lt;code&gt;/form/button[@text=&quot;Login&quot;]&lt;/code&gt;, is there a convenient way to have it translated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment I'm trying with SAP GUI like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/goTS5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/goTS5.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder whether there's a concept like .NET Resources where you can have a  &lt;code&gt;Resources.resx&lt;/code&gt; file and a  &lt;code&gt;Resources.de.resx&lt;/code&gt; file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course I could use &lt;code&gt;/form/button[@text=&quot;{0}&quot;]&lt;/code&gt; and then use a  &lt;code&gt;string.Format()&lt;/code&gt; call, but that's absolutely inconvenient because the &quot;Highlight element&quot; feature gets broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;looking at the properties of the .rxrep file, but it does not have a property that is related to my issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;introducing a variable, which basically works. The XPath is then  &lt;code&gt;/form/button[@text=$Variable]&lt;/code&gt; but I could not find a way of translating the variables.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T07:08:46.950" LastActivityDate="2020-02-10T15:45:07.467" Title="Localization of Ranorex XPaths" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22454" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-07T07:17:05.433" Score="2" ViewCount="1941" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to keep your stored variables in Selenium IDE between sessions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After closing Selenium and restarting Selenium IDE I lose my saved variables&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21241" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T13:40:45.380" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T15:57:06.200" Title="Is there any way to store variables in Selenium IDE even after closing Selenium and restarting Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22454" CreationDate="2016-09-07T10:58:47.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general it would be advisable to step back from Selenium IDE and move to Selenium Webdriver if you want to work with variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the Selenium HQ website, if you want to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create quick bug reproduction scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create scripts to aid in automation-aided exploratory testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you should use SeleniumIDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything more complex than this you are to use Selenium Webdriver. To be able to use webdriver, you will have to learn how to use a programming language that will manage the variables and so on, while Selenium is there to talk to the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4250" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T10:58:47.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22447" CreationDate="2016-09-07T11:49:57.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of not all language signs are part of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Unicode characters sets&lt;/a&gt;. If the application processes UTF-8 and UTF-16 sets you will be fine in nearly all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The development team should only &lt;strong&gt;use UTF save functions&lt;/strong&gt; so you as a tester do not have to worry about this. Let them read: &lt;a href=&quot;http://utf8everywhere.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://utf8everywhere.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a legacy application where parts are not yet UTF compatible, then I would create a single test file which contains a good spread of languages and symbols to test this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some sources for test-data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All symbols&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/2001/06/utf-8-test/UTF-8-demo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/2001/06/utf-8-test/UTF-8-demo.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All languages&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.columbia.edu/~fdc/utf8/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.columbia.edu/~fdc/utf8/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UTF boundary test&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/examples/UTF-8-test.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/examples/UTF-8-test.txt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1319022/really-good-bad-utf-8-example-test-data&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1319022/really-good-bad-utf-8-example-test-data&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T11:55:54.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18902" CreationDate="2016-09-07T11:58:11.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using python-client of appium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def _find_by_scroll(self, item_name):&#xA;&#xA;    item = self.driver.find_element_by_android_uiautomator(&#xA;        'new UiScrollable(new UiSelector().scrollable(true).instance(0)).getChildByText(new UiSelector().className(&quot;android.widget.TextView&quot;), &quot;'&#xA;        + item_name + '&quot;)')&#xA;    item.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21246" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T05:07:43.950" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T05:07:43.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22459" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-07T12:55:26.547" Score="0" ViewCount="525" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have setup eclipse, sdk, path, configuration selendroid -standaloe-0.17.0-with-dependencies.jar file and selenium server.jar file but with command prompt want to run server with this command &lt;code&gt;java -jar selendroid-standalone-0.17.0-with-dependencies.jar -aut testapp.apk&lt;/code&gt; but in command prompt it displayed error like &lt;code&gt;unable to access&lt;/code&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jC54Z.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jC54Z.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; jar file..&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T15:55:06.880" LastActivityDate="2021-04-16T23:45:29.277" Title="Selendroid error while setup in windows get error in cmd" Tags="&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;selendroid&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22461" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-07T13:23:35.020" Score="1" ViewCount="1327" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know I should ask this question in &quot;Theoretical Computer Science&quot; stack community. But as the name suggests, that community would provide me answer which is everywhere on internet-Theoretical. But I asked here because I want the following answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want practical use cases and tangible difference between these documents in context of software development.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any need or reference of documentations during software testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What factors should be added to these documents for testing and software quality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which document out of all serves best to assure software quality and helps in testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full Forms for reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SRS: Software Requirement Specificaltion/Study.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BRS: Business Requirement Specification/Study.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RA: Requirement Analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FRS: Functional Requirement Specification/Study.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21248" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T14:42:35.857" Title="What is the difference between SRS, RA, FRS, BRS documents?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22461" CreationDate="2016-09-07T13:54:34.597" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short-short answer&lt;/strong&gt; - it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The longer version&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Despite the names and theoretical definitions, the differences in practice in my experience come down to how a particular organization chooses to use them. What one company calls a Business Requirements Document, another will call a Functional Specification. I've seen (and worked with) Use Case documents that cover business requirements, internal software requirements, technical specifications, functional specifications, use case information, and test specifications. It works for that organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My recommendation is that you learn the theoretical definitions, but expect the real-world usage to vary; and work with whatever definition(s) your employer chooses to use. They will have a reason for doing things the way they do, which may be simply that it worked for them at some point in the past and hasn't become painful enough to change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T13:54:34.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22461" CreationDate="2016-09-07T14:35:23.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It always boils down to the question of how much documentation do we actually need and when does it start to become waste. Waste is documentation no one ever reads or uses. I think a lot of this documentation waste is created in the world. Its our task to minimize it :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answers your last question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Which document out of all serves best to assure software quality and&#xA;  helps in testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would answer none of the above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some industries a documented audit-trail for security, privacy or other reasons might be mandatory, but as an &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agilist&lt;/a&gt; I prefer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Working software over comprehensive documentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My teams documents as much as they really need to build high quality software. Preferable in an easy to access and update-able format like a good wiki. What this documentation actually contains depends per team and their needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests are preferable documented in a form that they can be automated and are included near the source code as unit-tests, but also automated integration and functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When issues do arise we do a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Root-Cause Analysis&lt;/a&gt; and update or extend our (test) documentation or process to prevent similar situations in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-07T14:42:35.857" LastActivityDate="2016-09-07T14:42:35.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22467" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22469" CreationDate="2016-09-08T02:42:42.587" Score="4" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine I'm a &quot;pure QA&quot; without coding knowledge, found several &quot;A PHP Error was encountered&quot; message by normal test and very un-normal test. Are all these PHP errors, issues?, just need to make sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Error message is like this one, any data/content that I already deleted as admin and then access it as user shows PHP Error message&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/b1Cve.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/b1Cve.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastEditorUserId="21258" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T06:11:47.143" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T06:32:55.093" Title="Are all &quot;A PHP Error was encountered&quot; issues?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22467" CreationDate="2016-09-08T06:22:39.443" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Taking the scenario you have mentioned into consideration where you have deleted an item from the menu and a user is trying to access that item,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or for that matter in any scenario, error message like the ones displaying in the screenshot you have shared should never get displayed in the front-end (user side). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error message is giving away critical information which can be exploited by malicious users. Although such details can be of good help to developers for debugging and fixing problems, users don't need to see it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of allowing default PHP warning and error messages in the front-end a custom message should be displayed like the ones you have suggested in your comment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Redirect a user to a custom 404 Error page (Page not found) as per the scenario you have mentioned. For all the system and environment generated errors there should be a custom message or a custom error page. Never allow default error pages and messages to display in the front-end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T06:32:55.093" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T06:32:55.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2984" CreationDate="2016-09-08T07:02:34.547" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the question I'm understanding that you are asking if it is okay to allow the default white page with critical information of probably the page and line number of the code where the error occurred to display in the front-end/production environment/user side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplest and most appropriate answer (as per my understanding) is NO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason being this discloses critical data which malicious users (hackers) like to exploit. Instead of this have a custom error page for error status codes like 500, 503, 404, 403 and any other error status and wherever such an error occurs redirect users to the respective custom error page which will display a custom and more user friendly error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T07:02:34.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22471" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-08T07:11:28.143" Score="1" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to set &lt;code&gt;grinder.properties&lt;/code&gt; so, that my &lt;code&gt;grinder.processes&lt;/code&gt; will start one right after another to provide permanent uninterrupted load (some kind of reliability testing). I checked that one process (25 test cases*50 &lt;code&gt;grinder.threads&lt;/code&gt; each) takes about 10 minutes, so I could set &lt;code&gt;grinder.processIncrementInterval = 600000&lt;/code&gt;, but this is not exactly what I want as this time is not constant and there could be breaks between processes or they could overlap each other...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17967" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T07:30:32.343" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T07:30:32.343" Title="How to create permanent load with The Grinder" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;grinder&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22233" CreationDate="2016-09-08T07:37:32.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/automated-functional-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;automated functional testing&lt;/a&gt; of our mobile software, we are using Ranorex. You can either create recordings by using an emulator or by using real mobile devices (capture and replay or coding). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21262" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T07:37:32.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22452" CreationDate="2016-09-08T08:42:17.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure there is you can use XPath with logical OR and have all translations inside the XPath expression. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you can use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/form/button[@text=&quot;Login&quot; or @text=&quot;Eingeben&quot; or  @text=&quot;შესვლის&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3rd is Georgian :c). Risk of choosing different functionality due to translation is very low.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;: using the &lt;code&gt;contains(A,B)&lt;/code&gt; can move it to a higher level. Usually contains is used as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/form/button[contains(@text,&quot;Login&quot;)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but can be used oppositely&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/form/button[contains(&quot;Login | Eingeben | შესვლის&quot;,@text)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where you are free to choose the delimiter. It would work even with comas, simple spaces, or whatever you like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Login , Eingeben , შესვლის&quot;&#xA;&quot;Login # Eingeben # შესვლის&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then it could be just copypasted from CSV or generated to a text array. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;#end of update&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I recommend glueing your tests to other parameters than texts if available. This will be then translation independent. The application under development can change texts rapidly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the design of the application is already fixed, you can use simple numbers, as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/form/button[3]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is a 3rd button in the form. This is not possible to use when the application is still under development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update2&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I could get in SAP GUI, it has a rigid system of the element labelling, so id of the element should be in each element. Therefore, you can stick to the element labels/ids. example: /form/button[@id=&quot;elementID&quot;]. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2020-02-10T15:45:07.467" LastActivityDate="2020-02-10T15:45:07.467" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22474" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-08T09:35:23.627" Score="0" ViewCount="487" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; this.SearchProperties[WinWindow.PropertyNames.ClassName] = &quot;.class1 or .class2&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21264" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:01:25.520" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:01:25.520" Title="How to give multiple Class names with or condition in Coded UI search properties" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-15T04:32:03.697" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2016-09-08T09:55:23.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have faced the same problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt; You should verify your XML document. This warning occurs only when the xml file is not well formed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some symbols are not acceptable, for example, minus or hyphen, apostrophe, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't use like - and ' directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should use &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#45;&lt;/code&gt; for - and &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;apos;&lt;/code&gt; for apostrophe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is very difficult to find and replace in large amount of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.validome.org/xml/validate/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;validome.org&lt;/a&gt; for validating your xml file, so that you can find the errors easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21265" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T10:32:58.827" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T10:32:58.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22478" CreationDate="2016-09-08T10:01:44.780" Score="22" ViewCount="6071" Body="&lt;p&gt;With manual testing, you don't need to buy software automation tools or write scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests are robotic and don’t necessarily act as a real would user. On the other hand, manual testing allows the developing program to be used as it would be upon launch. Any bugs that may pop up when a user handles the program in a certain way are more likely to be caught in manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something that could change the course(Functionality, GUI, Etc..) of the project, you want to be able to work on it immediately. Automating tests take more time to set up, which doesn’t allow you to test ideas quickly and easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18437" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T13:15:42.487" LastActivityDate="2018-12-03T14:10:06.563" Title="Manual testing is better than Automation testing. Is that true?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="16" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T10:29:18.380" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the most appropriate answer to this is &lt;strong&gt;IT DEPENDS&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With manual testing you can always improvise and adjust your tests on run time and look into unexpected conditions and handle them well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While in automation testing the script will do only what they are programmed to do. They will not handle unexpected conditions or any change in the AUT (Application Under Test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you don't have to buy automation tools, but that's not just limited to manual testing. There are a lot of open-source tools out there which you can use to automate tests. So for automation testing as well you don't have to buy tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you have to write scripts and you have to be good at it. The scripts won't think on their own and improvise stuff. You will have to be good at coming up with correct requirements and logic and write the scripts for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You really need to understand what can be automated and what can't. You need to figure if it really is worth implementing automation for the AUT. If a project is a small project and wont have many maintenance and repetitive or consecutive cycles of development, then investing in automation will yield you no benefit because writing automation scripts require a lot of effort in terms of planning, skills, time and debugging. BUT if the project is big and is divided into several phases and has continuous release cycle, you might want to consider automation testing for regression. With each release your software will be updated with new features, bug fixes and updates. At this time you might want to do regression testing to make sure existing modules of the software have not been hampered with and the functionality is working fine. Here manual testing would become hectic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, developing automation scripts may take up a lot of time, but once developed they will save time on test execution. BUT you will also want to update your test scripts from time to time to check new conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;All this apart, if you really see, there is no such thing as&#xA;  automation testing. Yes YOU write some script which will execute the&#xA;  AUT and produce some results. BUT it won't happen on its own. YOU will&#xA;  be writing the script. YOU will be doing all the thinking and coming&#xA;  up with the logic for it. Once the script is ready YOU will be telling&#xA;  the computer or whatever device it is to execute the script and it&#xA;  will simply follow YOUR instructions. Once the script execution is&#xA;  completed, it is YOU who will analyze the results and decide if there&#xA;  was any problem in them or they were correct. Then YOU will get the&#xA;  list of issues from them and report them to the right person for&#xA;  fixing. So nothing happens on its own and hence its not automatic&#xA;  implying its actually manual testing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T10:29:18.380" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T10:35:31.733" Score="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine you are working in environment where new features come out rapidly and builds happen every few hours. Every new feature has a potential to break something existing in some part of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't have time to manually do full regression testing every day, so it's a smart idea to invest in an automation suite that will perform regression testing while you do manual testing for that specific new feature/idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could in theory get better results by employing more testers who will go through all regressions manually, and it could actually provide better 'testing', but it would be terribly inefficient and costly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So, automated testing isn't 'better' than manual testing, it's simply way more efficient than manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T19:58:44.387" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T19:58:44.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T10:55:36.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on when you should choose automation and when you choose manual You can test software through both automated and manual testing,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;but which one you choose comes down to the associated costs and benefits of each on your particular project.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automation Testing Vs Manual Testing&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Runs scripts quickly and effectively but setup will take time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in &lt;em&gt;regression&lt;/em&gt; automation testing is more effectively run and produce results.  Everything is done for you automatically. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation tools have some limitation can’t test for visual considerations like image color or font size but in manual you can do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T10:55:36.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T10:55:54.667" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Costs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With manual testing you also need to write scripts. If you do not make your testing efforts reproducible you will keep reinventing the wheel and maybe even forget functionality which is not obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best automated test tools are open-source and free of costs. I would really challenge if you want to buy-in to a commercial proprietary testing tool, but that is not in the scope of this question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The learning curve of automation tools is much higher, this could be a possible cost factor to consider. The others you name are not really valid if you ask me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual vs Automated testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While writing automated functional (GUI) tests you often do manually execute the tests first to check how the application works. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile testing quadrants&lt;/a&gt; suggest you find a good balance between manual and automated testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do think manual &lt;strong&gt;visual&lt;/strong&gt; testing has enormous benefits to deliver better quality software. Exploratory testing and Usability testing should therefor always be preformed if possible. The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.duncannisbet.co.uk/test-automation-basics-levels-pyramids-quadrants&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ideal test pyramid&lt;/a&gt; does have a bit of manual testing in it, but only just a little bit. Modern software development is about automating everything, from development to deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still I would like to argue that automated testing is better. Automated testing is better for your project because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is a necessity to refactor the code to create a maintainable and extendable code-base.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can release faster and get faster user feedback if you have good automated test coverage (65-90%). User feedback is much better then the feedback manual testing can ever give. (unless the application has life or death type of situations)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is cheaper even on the short-term. Certainly if you do something like Test-Driven Development with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_aren&amp;#39;t_gonna_need_it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt; principles, as you will build only the code you really need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests are there to safe-guard functional happy-paths in code or a product. Wonder if you want to verify all paths users probably will not execute, this could be they case when you do extensive manual testing. Don't waste testing time on things that will not happen. Do a risk analyses to think about what to test or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also automated testing does not really exist. I like how James Bach puts it he calls it &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HWTzgS0aoP8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tool-Supported Testing&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Release cycle&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More and more companies are doing insane fast release cycles to verify market-fit or to stay ahead of competitors. If you do only manual testing then your release cycle will be come slower and slower as your functionality grows. Therefor automating the core features of your product is a must now-a-days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't fool yourself that manual testing is cheaper and quicker, it might feel that way if you do not have the skills to automate everything. Only the companies that automate everything will stand the test if time if you ask me. Manual testing is slower, prone to shortcuts under time pressure and more expensive from the start and certainly in the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Experimenting and quick learning, validating prodcuts from idea's can be done in prototypes. Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://sprintforenterprises.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://sprintforenterprises.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-30T18:12:27.927" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T18:12:27.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22492" CreationDate="2016-09-08T12:03:03.093" Score="0" ViewCount="3495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//[@id='adduser']/div/form/div[2]/div/div/label&quot;)).click(); Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;   Alert alert=driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;   String alertMessage=driver.switchTo().alert().getText();&#xA;   System.out.println(alertMessage);&#xA;   alert.accept();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got the error message &quot;no alert is present&quot;. What should I do? Complete java code is below..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package AddUser;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;public class CheckFirstname &#xA;{&#xA;public static WebDriver d;&#xA;    public static void main(String []args)throws Exception{&#xA;       System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;       FirefoxDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;       driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;       driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;       WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;       element.sendKeys(&quot;geosony&quot;);&#xA;       element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;       element.sendKeys(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;       element.submit();&#xA;       element=driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Admin&quot;));&#xA;       element.click();&#xA;       element=driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Users&quot;));&#xA;       element.click();&#xA;       element=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='search-container']/a/i&quot;));&#xA;       element.click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;       element= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;       element.sendKeys(&quot;#!#!#$@#!$@!$@#$%#%^#$^^&amp;amp;%&amp;amp;$%*&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;       driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='adduser']/div/form/div[2]/div/div/label&quot;)).click();&#xA;       Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 0 );&#xA;&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());&#xA;&#xA;    Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;&#xA;    alert.accept();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }   &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my screenshot. Here you can see an alert box. I want to pop up this alert window. I tried several times, but it's not yet working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aRgYN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aRgYN.png&quot; alt=&quot;screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T12:14:25.267" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T16:18:02.153" Title="Why my alert is not popping up?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T12:09:50.133" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short version&lt;/strong&gt; - It depends&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The long version&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the &lt;em&gt;type&lt;/em&gt; of testing you are doing, some form of automation may be the best choice, it may be a helpful way to get yourself set up to perform the manual tests, or it may be worse than not testing at all. Or anywhere in between these extremes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Computers are very good at doing something exactly the same way many times over and doing it faster than a human could. If the test task requires doing something many times over, doing it exactly the same way each time, and/or doing it a lot in a short space of time, automated tests are likely to be a better choice than manual tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People are very good at recognizing anomalies and picking up patterns. If the test task requires pattern-recognition, checking something that can't be easily encoded into a single correct oracle (such as whether a screen looks right), manual tests are likely to be a better choice than automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For everything in between, it comes down to return on investment. If you have a mature automation framework that makes adding new tests easy and modifying existing tests simple (because you don't have to change things in hundreds of places in the automation code), then you're likely to lean more towards automated tests where possible/reasonable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, there are tons of automation-assisted tasks that happen regularly, such as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;running a query and checking the output against a saved known good file using one of the many comparison utilities (WinMerge is a nice free one). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;running a performance monitor tool to check for memory leaks, excessive memory use, and so forth.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;building a quick and dirty throwaway script to start and stop an application multiple times over to try to capture an intermittent shutdown error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;building a throwaway script to generate a lot of data for use in a test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;building setup scripts and teardown scripts to allow me to quickly generate a specific environment for testing something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the heuristics I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;80/20 Rule&lt;/strong&gt; - if it's part of the 20% of the application that gets 80% of the use, it's likely to be a target for automated regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Release regression&lt;/strong&gt; - if it's something that must be checked for each release, it's likely to be a target for automated regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Critical path&lt;/strong&gt; - if it would make the application or major parts of it useless should it break, it's likely to be a target for automated regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ROI&lt;/strong&gt; - if it takes a long time to do manually and is error-prone, AND it needs to be done regularly, it's likely to be a target for automated regression. An example here: at my previous workplace, tax calculations were critical to the customers. It took a team of 3 testers 5 days to run a partial tax regression test. Automating the full tax regression took several months, but once it was completed it could run every night and would catch any changes that broke the tax calculations. Within a year that automation effort was into positive ROI in terms of the time it saved the testers. In terms of regressions that didn't reach the customers, the ROI was a lot higher.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Complexity&lt;/strong&gt; - if there are a lot of moving parts (i.e. interacting applications and services) it probably isn't a good target for automation. The individual pieces may be automated, but the end-to-end flow probably won't be.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;External dependencies&lt;/strong&gt; - if it relies on a third-party application or interface, it probably isn't a good target for automation. Credit providers fall into this category: not all of them leave their test environments open after an interface to them is certified, and any bugs in the environment are out of your control. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dependencies on hardware requiring physical manipulation&lt;/strong&gt; - The simplest example here is checking a printout (which &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be automated, but doing so is painstaking and horribly error-prone). If your software causes some physical change to hardware, then it probably isn't a good target for automation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Hardness&quot;/&quot;Softness&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; - if it's something that has exactly one correct result, it may be a good target for automation (such as the correct outcome of tax calculations). If it's &quot;soft&quot;, such as whether an image displays well or whether a screen layout looks good, it's probably not a good automation target.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is by no means a comprehensive list, but it's a starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T12:09:50.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T12:46:37.697" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to make a strong case for automated testing through the following points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coverage.&lt;/strong&gt; Automated tests are much faster and give much better test coverage. What's not covered is potentially wrong.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reproducibility.&lt;/strong&gt; Because timing and inputs are almost the same in different test runs the results are more consistent than with manual tests. Errors which occur are usually reproducible; not so with manual tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Logging.&lt;/strong&gt; Automated tests have automated logging and evaluation. The quality of the software is immediately visible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests are &lt;em&gt;indispensable&lt;/em&gt; for even slightly complex programs or devices. Manual testing is simply not able to cover a complex functionality with acceptable effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, manual tests must be performed as well; they often precede automated tests in the sense that the automation follows the user's actions. Exploratory tests are necessary supplement to the ever-identical automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my personal experience as a tester is that test departments without a strong focus on automation don't get the job done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21271" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T12:46:37.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22485" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-08T13:13:21.600" Score="1" ViewCount="1323" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to fetch records from mongoDB using multiple threads and pass a different offset each time with limit as 100 to fetch 100 records eachtime.&#xA;The following is the code that I've used in JSR223 Sampler with Groovy as the language selected.&#xA;The problem faced here is that the StringBuilder takes too much time to parse the response, because of which the response time takes a hit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better alternative as this approach doesn't seem right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DB db = MongoDBHolder.getDBFromSource(&quot;&amp;lt;sourceConfigName&amp;gt;&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;db_name&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;DBCollection coll = db.getCollection(&quot;collection_name&quot;);&#xA;BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject(&quot;1st_field&quot;, &quot;1st_value&quot;).append(&quot;2nd_field&quot;,&quot;2nd_value&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;DBCursor cursor = coll.find(query).skip(${offset}).limit(100);&#xA;&#xA;StringBuilder resultBuilder = new StringBuilder();&#xA;while (cursor.hasNext()) {&#xA; DBObject result = cursor.next();&#xA; resultBuilder.append(result.toString());&#xA;}&#xA;SampleResult.setResponseData(resultBuilder.toString().getBytes());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19260" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T13:32:27.433" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T23:02:15.527" Title="MongoDB load test with JSR223 and Groovy response taking too much time" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22143" CreationDate="2016-09-08T13:39:14.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Notice, you are violating a lot of testing 101 here.  For each step there is an expected result.  You are not checking in your test code for the positive, expected step result.  Along with that lack of checking, there is no branching of execution when the positive expected result is not achieved.  As a result your business process has likely come off the rails, at least one to two steps before your HTTP 500 where it is returning a valid &quot;HTTP 200&quot; page, but the page content is not appropriate to successful execution of the business process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also see unhandled dynamic items, things that you would never type in or pick off the screen, yet are held static in your test code.  You need to handle those items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T13:39:14.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20836" CreationDate="2016-09-08T13:46:40.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using full clients for performance testing is very resource expensive.  It is also state-of-the-art as of about 1994.  The more efficient path is to strip the communication from your app with the next upstream tier and reproduce this as a &quot;virtual user&quot; at the API level.  These can be programmed.  In many (but not all) cases the information can be captured from API hooking, logs or proxies to build a starting point for modification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The skills needed for performance testing are very different than those for functional testing.  You will be dealing with a lot of issues related to load models, user behavior, architecture, monitoring, systems analysis, etc... that do not come into play with functional testing.   Your management is being a bit disingenuous to throw you at this task and ask that you deliver value for this effort, particularly when you are already new to automated functional testing and are trying to deliver value in that discipline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be best to bring in someone who already has the battle scars in this area.  This process pattern of throwing labor at a problem without the tools, skills or onsite engineering mentor to be successful never really turns out well for the client or the person delivering the test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T13:46:40.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T14:48:36.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Manual and automated testing are very different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testing using idiots robotically following a script can be very poor compared to automated testing, which (if well written) is much more diligent. Humans performing repetitive actions over long periods of time are very bad at concentrating and spotting errors.&#xA;Automated testing also allows far more testing to be performed, far faster, and so more frequently, e.g. as part of a build process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing can also make far deeper inspections of data than humans can. For example, one system I worked on, automated tests routinely ran several hundred terabytes of data through the software under test, generating several hundred terabytes of output, and every byte was examined. This would just not be possible with manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, manual testing (with intelligent testers with freedom to explore) is good for finding things you've not considered testing, or finding weird bugs. They're often better for testing for UX issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing is good for testing against precise specifications (e.g. API specs, document format specs, ...); manual testing is good where the spec isn't precise, and the tester needs to make judgement calls. This often occurs where the cost of writing a precise spec isn't worthwhile (e.g. UI is often not precisely spec'd, particularly on non-consumer software).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21273" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T14:48:36.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T15:22:49.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither is better than the other. They aren't competing, really, but simply different approaches for a problem. Let's use an analogy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Feet vs Car&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Manual Testing (Feet)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of manual testing like walking or running. You need to walk places. I mean, even if just to get from your bed to your bathroom in the morning, you need to walk. With walking, it's easy to change your direction or destination. You can do a closer examination of things as you go by, including stopping to smell the roses. And all it takes to do it is your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it's not the most efficient way to travel. It takes a long time to walk or run any significant distance. And doing so also takes a lot of energy. And with it, you're more prone to get lost along the way, especially on large trips. Additionally, if you walk the same route every day, you may not actually take the time to stop and smell the roses and you may miss when the wilt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Automated Testing (Car)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, automation is like a car. It's fast (&lt;em&gt;vrooooom&lt;/em&gt;). You still have to drive it, but once you've got it down, it's great for getting you from point A to point B. And it's easy to follow the same route all the time. Plus, it has all these indicators so you can see exactly what might be going wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can't stop and smell the roses. And you're stuck on a road, you can just drive around arbitrarily. Also, it's expensive. I mean, have you seen the price of a car? Plus the cost of gasoline. It can get spendy. There are ways to help mitigate that cost (ride-sharing or taxis, aka QA services), but it's still more expensive the walking. And it can only get you so far. You can't exactly drive up and down the aisles of your grocery store, you gotta walk for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Why not both?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This either/or approach to manual and automated is very limiting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testing is fantastic, but you can't rely solely on it for a large project. It's too much work and too much time, and no matter how fast you run, you'll never cover that distance. You need to augment it with automated testing (your car) so you can get where you need to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing is very powerful, but also fairly rigid and expensive. There are some things you can't test with it, and it is only setup to check for exactly what it is looking for, nothing else. You really need to do more than just automated testing and dig into things manually sometimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And all of this depends a lot on your project too. If you're going to your mailbox at the end of your driveway, you probably don't need to drive. Similarly, for small projects you may not need much, or any automation. But if you're trying to go across town or across the country, you definitely need automation to help you. Otherwise you're gonna be left in the dust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2360" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T15:22:49.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17867" CreationDate="2016-09-08T15:27:42.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the answer to my own question. Hope this helps others. What is needed is to force the underlying System.Net ServicePointManager to negotiate downlevel security. This can be done in a webtest plug-in. See this item &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/e639498b-3e3b-4c47-8a38-b910a8be70fc/ssl-in-webtests-vsts-2008-and-2010?forum=vstswebtest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SSL In webtests - VSTS 2008 and 2010&lt;/a&gt;&quot; in the MSDN forums. We are using this and have confirmed that it works with Visual Studio 2015 as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17535" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T15:27:42.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22491" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-08T15:34:58.373" Score="0" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a Visual Studio Web Performance and Load Test project, how can I look at the (Test log) results of individual test runs from a load test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my load test experiences any errors, I can go to the Errors table and click on any of the error counts, and I am presented with a &quot;Load Test Errors&quot; list of all the failed test iterations. I can then go to the &quot;Details&quot; column at the right edge of this table/list, and click on a &quot;Test log&quot; link for any test, and I can see the details of every request and response from that test iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I do the same thing, view results of individual test iterations, when my load test has zero errors? How can I view the 'Test logs' of test iterations that pass?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17535" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-08T15:44:54.473" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T19:07:39.420" Title="How can I get individual test iteration results from a load test?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22482" CreationDate="2016-09-08T16:18:02.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's because &lt;code&gt;switchTo().alert()&lt;/code&gt; will only work on JavaScript alerts &lt;code&gt;window.alert(&quot;Hello World!&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; and the alert in your screenshot is just some HTML styled to look like an alert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you want to do instead is locate the alert just like any other HTML element. Something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;myAlert&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can get then get its text. To close the alert you would need to find the OK button and click it. Something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;okButton&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21276" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T16:18:02.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T16:43:11.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Short answer&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Manual testing is better than Automation testing. Is that true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No. Neither is automatic testing better than manual testing. Both are tools for different purposes. They can, and should be used together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Long answer&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, I applaud you for perfectly mimicking the arguments of some rather non-technical projectlead who just wants to get the job done quickly and cheaply and rush the product out as fast as possible (maintenance will be done by some other part of the company as well!). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a good excercise to think of arguments, all the way being aware that you're on a losing slope anyways. Great for job interviews, to play the advocatus diaboli. Let me answer in the same spirit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: I think you are only knowing/talking about old-fashioned &quot;automation software&quot; that is very separate from the programming environment, and is just a &quot;key stroke / mouse click recorder&quot;. There are other approaches which are much more integrated with the actual software development process (for example, &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io&lt;/a&gt; )- that is what my following answers are about.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;With manual testing, you don't need to buy software automation tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True, but free tools exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;or write scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True, but repeated manual labour is &lt;em&gt;much&lt;/em&gt; more expensive than doing a more complex job once only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Automated tests are robotic and don’t necessarily act as a real would user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True, and being robotic (i.e., reproducible, reliable, quick) is in favour of automated tests. Automated tests don't make humans dispensable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, manual testing allows the developing program to be used as it would be upon launch. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can and should be done by automated tests as well, they are called &quot;feature tests&quot; or &quot;integration tests&quot;, another buzzword is &quot;behaviour driven development&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any bugs that may pop up when a user handles the program in a certain way are more likely to be caught in manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;True. That's why for any bug report, the first thing you do is create a &quot;red&quot; test to reproduce it (which is easy since you have a test ecology that supports this kind of things). This likely does not take longer than debugging the code and finding the bug with no test possibilities at hand. The process of fixing the bug makes the test green and you now also have made sure the bug will never come again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Something that could change the course(Functionality, GUI, Etc..) of the project, you want to be able to work on it immediately. Automating tests take more time to set up, which doesn’t allow you to test ideas quickly and easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having automated tests makes it so you can easily set up your data or whatever to get you to the point where you have to change something. This can easily be quicker than doing it by hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18172" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T16:43:11.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-08T22:10:33.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion both are desirable - but if I can only have one I'll take the automated testing, as long as I can add test cases to it. Manual testing of a non-trivial systems is extremely time-consuming and error-prone. Automated testing takes time to create but can be run quickly be run many times over. I have built systems which could not IMO have been manually tested alone and had a snowball's chance in hell of being correct. Push the button, get the green light - happy developer! :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19663" LastActivityDate="2016-09-08T22:10:33.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22498" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-09T04:32:26.823" Score="0" ViewCount="10878" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package AddUser;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;&#xA;    public class CheckFirstname &#xA;    {&#xA;    public static WebDriver d;&#xA;        public static void main(String []args)throws Exception{&#xA;           System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;           FirefoxDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;           driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;           driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;           WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;geosony&quot;);&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;           element.submit();&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Admin&quot;));&#xA;           element.click();&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Users&quot;));&#xA;           element.click();&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='search-container']/a/i&quot;));&#xA;           element.click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;           element= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;#!#!#$@#!$@!$@#$%#%^#$^^&amp;amp;%&amp;amp;$%*&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;           driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='adduser']/div/form/div[2]/div/div/label&quot;)).click();&#xA;           Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&#xA;           driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;hide-pop-msg&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;#@#%$^&amp;amp;$^&quot;);&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;#!#@$%@&quot;);&#xA;           Select stat=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;role&quot;)));&#xA;           stat.selectByVisibleText(&quot;None&quot;);&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;8678678&quot;);&#xA;           try&#xA;           {&#xA;               element.submit();&#xA;           } &#xA;           catch(Exception e)&#xA;           {&#xA;               System.out.println(&quot;Element does not exist!&quot;);&#xA;           }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        }   &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-09-09T11:28:49.133" LastActivityDate="2019-09-06T08:25:31.043" Title="How to check the if statement whether the submit button exist or not?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22485" CreationDate="2016-09-09T04:41:45.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can make only 2 assumptions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The slow down is due to inlining &lt;code&gt;${offset}&lt;/code&gt; variable into the script. You should replace it with &lt;code&gt;vars.get(&quot;offset&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;. Inlining variables disables compilation caching and scripts execute much longer. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/beanshell-vs-jsr223-vs-java-jmeter-scripting-its-performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beanshell vs JSR223 vs Java JMeter Scripting: The Performance-Off You've Been Waiting For!&lt;/a&gt; for more detailed explanations and scripting best practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Possible network issues (most likely). Check it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform the query on the host where MongoDB runs via &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.mongodb.com/getting-started/shell/client/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Mongo Shell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the same from the host where JMeter lives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Measure the differences and compare them to each other and to JMeter timings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;StringBuilder class is quite fast, it is absolutely OK to use it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T04:41:45.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22498" CreationDate="2016-09-09T06:48:41.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Write the inline comments while writing the code and write simple code, reduce the no of lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class CheckFirstname {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        &#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 40);&#xA;        Actions Act = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        // ----------------------------------------&#xA;        // Open Application&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;        // Wait for title&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleIs(&quot;Page title&quot;))&#xA;        // Verify home Page&#xA;        if(driver.getTitle().equals(&quot;Page title&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Home Page displayed&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        // wait for user name,password,submit,users,admin and search&#xA;        WebElement objUN = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement objPWD = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement objSbm = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement objAdm = driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Admin&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement objUser = driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Users&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement objSearch = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='search-container']/a/i&quot;));&#xA;        // Verify UN &amp;amp; PWD&#xA;        if(objUN.isDisplayed()&amp;amp;&amp;amp;objPWD.isDisplayed())&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;UN,PWD are displayed&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To check the submit button exist or not you can write like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(objSbm.isDisplayed())&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Submit button has displayed&quot;);&#xA;    objSbm.click();&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Submit button did not displayed&quot;);&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14384" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T14:41:48.650" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T14:41:48.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22520" CreationDate="2016-09-09T06:53:00.057" Score="1" ViewCount="772" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know about the actual automation process in a real time project.&#xA;I want to apply selenium webdriver automation in my project.&#xA;I am new in the testing field and have the basic knowledge of selenium webdriver. but i am confused how to apply it in a  real time project. I am the only tester in my company. Nobody knows about testing. Can anyone explain  how should I first start my selenium webdriver project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-15T22:39:35.193" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T00:40:34.010" Title="How to apply selenium webdriver automation to a real time project?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2016-09-09T10:30:25.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to create one myself (worked with ML on a project before) but this had to be connected with source code and I figured many people would hesitate sharing their repositories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll be interested too in looking an existing tool that can do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1458" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T10:30:25.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7361" CreationDate="2016-09-09T11:46:08.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the issues that is causing these tests to be more fragile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://wakaleo.com/blog/selenium-2-webdriver-quick-tips-page-object-navigation-strategies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each test should be stand-alone (yours requires the previous test to pass).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test only 1 action per test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary issue I am seeing here are with the first 2 mentioned. By not using the Page Object Model it is difficult to determine what exactly is happening and you will constantly run into these issues as you are maintaining the tests. By requiring the 2nd test to succeed for the 3rd test to work you've essentially just made 1 large test. Break down each test into completely self-reliant tests. This will be much easier to do with the Page Object Model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T11:46:08.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22561" CreationDate="2016-09-09T11:52:49.917" Score="2" ViewCount="2070" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, I'm trying to combine &lt;code&gt;Sikuli&lt;/code&gt; with Selenium tests in C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sikuli4Net&lt;/code&gt; is working, but &lt;code&gt;SikuliSharp&lt;/code&gt; isn't doing anything except not finding the images. They are however the exact same ones I'm using for both wrappers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sikuli4Net&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Screen gHome = new Screen();&#xA;Pattern gLogo = new Pattern(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + &quot;\\Resources\\google-logo.PNG&quot;);&#xA;Pattern gSearch = new Pattern(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + &quot;\\Resources\\google-search.JPG&quot;);&#xA;Pattern xResult = new Pattern(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + &quot;\\Resources\\abc-detail.JPG&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Assert.IsTrue(gHome.Exists(gLogo, 7));&#xA;gHome.Type(gSearch, &quot;abc&quot;);&#xA;Assert.IsTrue(gHome.Exists(xResult, 7));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SikuliSharp&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using (var session = Sikuli.CreateSession())&#xA;{&#xA;    var gLogo = Patterns.FromFile(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + &quot;\\Resources\\google-logo.PNG&quot;);&#xA;    var gSearch = Patterns.FromFile(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + &quot;\\Resources\\google-search.JPG&quot;);&#xA;    var xResult = Patterns.FromFile(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + &quot;\\Resources\\abc-detail.JPG&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    session.Exists(gLogo, 7);&#xA;    session.Wait(gSearch, 7);&#xA;    session.Type(&quot;abc&quot;);&#xA;    session.Exists(xResult, 5);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T13:33:35.457" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T13:33:35.457" Title="SikuliSharp versus Sikuli4Net - why can't I get the first to work?" Tags="&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-09T12:06:12.380" Score="0" ViewCount="1109" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(driver,180).pollingEvery(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class,'sweet-alert')]/p&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;new FluentWait(driver).withTimeout(180, TimeUnit.SECONDS).pollingEvery(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please have a look at the above two waits.&#xA;both are going to wait for maximum 180 seconds and both are going to check for element every 10 seconds then how do they differ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;Pradeep&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21303" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-09-09T12:14:29.490" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T18:39:03.847" Title="what is the difference between webdriverwait polling and fluentwait polling when both can poll for element every mentioned seconds(selenium webdriver)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-09-10T06:10:43.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22509" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-09T12:47:35.623" Score="0" ViewCount="332" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing one scenario in which I have set of common test cases that needs to be run on multiple browsers say chrome, IE 10 and IE 11. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These test cases have been mapped to common requirements (No separate requirements for IE/chrome). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I run the test cases in test lab without overwriting the test results of any other run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21308" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-10T07:40:31.520" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T16:18:55.990" Title="How to run single manual test case on multiple browsers without overwriting the test results in ALM?" Tags="&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22510" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-09T14:02:51.657" Score="2" ViewCount="1751" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the best metrics for evaluating a software QA team's performance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for metrics similar to the ones below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Test Efficiency&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Test Efficiency = ((A-C)  /  (A+B))*100&#xA;&#xA; A = Defects found by test team&#xA;&#xA; B = Defects Found by customer&#xA;&#xA; C = Total number of Invalid defects found during Phase &quot;A&quot;. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Defect Leakage&lt;/strong&gt; can be calculated using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Defect Leakage = (A  /  (B-C))*100 &#xA;&#xA; Where&#xA;&#xA; A = Total Defects found in production.&#xA;&#xA; B = Total defect found by test team.&#xA;&#xA; C = Total number of Invalid defects found during Phase &quot;B&quot;. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Defect Rejection Ratio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Defect Rejection Ratio = ( A  /  B) * 100&#xA;&#xA; A = Number of defects rejected by development team&#xA;&#xA; B = Total number of defects raised&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This metric is important for measuring the efficiency of a tester: while recording defects, a tester should not waste development team’s time by creating invalid defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:21:07.787" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:21:07.787" Title="What are the best metrics for evaluating a software QA team's performance?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-09-10T11:53:40.050" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22510" CreationDate="2016-09-09T14:12:23.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends very much on what you want to reach. Some testing approach is possible to do completely without metrics. There should be reason for some measurement and metrics collection. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question is too wide to be accepted, byt you can take some examples of the QA metrics here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getzephyr.com/resources/whitepapers/qa-metrics-value-testing-metrics-within-software-development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.getzephyr.com/resources/whitepapers/qa-metrics-value-testing-metrics-within-software-development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T14:12:23.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22510" CreationDate="2016-09-09T14:57:25.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;tester should not waste developer team’s time by creating invalid&#xA;  defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think testers should also not waste developers team's time with trivial defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gaming the system&lt;/strong&gt;: The problem with metrics is that people will try to game the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Personally I think I am pretty good in finding a lot of defects that actual users will not run into. Some examples might be inconsistent margins/paddings, incorrect use of language, errors when submitting gigabytes of data in forms and click flows resulting in errors which actual users would never follow. Reporting these issues could possible waste countless hours of development time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on your statistics I might be great tester, since I find huge amounts of &quot;valid&quot; defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metrics&lt;/strong&gt;: Quoting some &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/3389/3201&quot;&gt;metrics from another question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The best KPI's for testing are ones that you wouldn't expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Can the team ship with a boring level of predictability ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Are customers happy ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Is the product selling ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Are there very few critical issues found in production ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Are budgets and schedules being met ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;These co-incidenty are 'whole of team' KPI's which testing plays a key part of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read this question and its answers: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3381/what-is-a-good-kpi-for-software-qa/3386&quot;&gt;What is a good KPI for software QA?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T16:40:06.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22510" CreationDate="2016-09-09T15:57:06.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is no best metric&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've yet to meet a tester who wants to create invalid defects, miss defects, or raise defects that are later rejected. If this is happening a lot, the problem is probably &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; with your test team, it's with something else in your process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at your suggestions in a little more detail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Efficiency/Defect Leakage&lt;/strong&gt; (proportion of defects missed by the test team/found by the customer or escaping to production)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Each project is different&lt;/strong&gt; - One can have good resourcing, customers who actively work with the team and help to ensure that all communication between the customer liaison and the team is clear. Another can have the customer tell you what they want then say nothing until after delivery when you discover that what the customer said they want is not what they actually need. &lt;em&gt;The test team is not responsible for this&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Application complexity matters&lt;/strong&gt; - adding new features to a large, complex application will probably have many more bugs escape to the customer than a small, self-contained application. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature-complete/On Time/Thoroughly Tested - Pick any two&lt;/strong&gt; - If your software is constrained by customer-imposed deadlines, features are usually not sacrificed. Testing is. If your testers are reporting that they've tested the highest priority areas based on your and their understanding of customer needs, but don't have the time for more, it's your responsibility as a test lead or project lead to ensure the the customer understands the risks they're taking with their aggressive timeline, &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; to beat your team with an unrealistic metric that will penalize them every time this happens.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Customers report defects to get new features free&lt;/strong&gt; - This is way, way too common. I've seen it where a customer will sign off on a document that explicitly says something will not be done, then report the lack of that same thing as a defect. Very few tracking systems distinguish between these cases and actual defects, and many companies will implement these stealth feature requests as a bug fix to preserve customer goodwill.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Invalid Defects/Rejected Defects&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What guarantee do you have that the specification or user stories are complete enough that the rejected defects aren't simply different views or expectations? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who is raising and who is rejecting them? I've worked with programmers who would reject a defect in layout where a screen wasn't readable because the design spec didn't include the number of pixels to use for spacing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Was the defect invalid, trivial, or simply not of sufficient priority to fix &lt;em&gt;right now&lt;/em&gt;. This makes a big difference - and is not accounted for by naive metrics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How fast are the requirements changing? I've worked in so many areas where the requirements (no matter how they're expressed) change several times a day. Maybe the tester has a more up-to-date version than the developer, or vice versa.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The best way to measure your team is to know what they're doing and what problems they're having&lt;/strong&gt;. The kind of metrics you're talking about in this questions are the kinds of things that can be used to measure problems like &lt;em&gt;cross-team communication issues&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;external communication issues&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;team and department challenges&lt;/em&gt;. Using them to measure team performance is inaccurate, in my opinion abusive, and will at best get your numbers gamed and at worst leave you with a non-functional, resentful team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T15:57:06.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22514" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-09T16:37:31.593" Score="0" ViewCount="985" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently learned how to use SOAP UI to test REST and SOAP Webservices. But now, I am looking for a similar open-source software to test Publish-Subscribe connections for performing automated testing. I want to use several test cases. Please suggest me tools that can do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21313" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T08:07:38.700" Title="Open source tool to automate testing of publish subscribe connection" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22508" CreationDate="2016-09-09T17:31:06.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you view the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/c10e8a955883f004452cdde18096d70738397788/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/WebDriverWait.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;source for WebDriverWait&lt;/a&gt; you can see that it extends the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/1e39027d0c846baf3dbd977d162821782a621417/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;FluentWait&lt;/a&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, if you're using the &lt;code&gt;FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; it is the same just uses some defaults in the constructors from what I can tell. I'd use WebDriverWait over FluentWait for multiple reasons but primarily due to it being the most familiar implementation. If there is extensions built that you wish to use they are more likely to use the WebDriverWait than the FluentWait, which will likely cause you problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if you wanted to use, for example, &lt;code&gt;FluentWait&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, this might be beneficial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-09-09T18:39:03.847" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T18:39:03.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-09T17:55:21.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The two tests fulfill different roles in my view. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testing is there to test how the software performs, how does it look, how does it feel, partially subjective and partially objective points which automation cannot cover. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;automation however is useful for regression testing, and doing tests against the server or other functions of the software which return something a program can validate (like for example a data file, or a server status). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;combined together they can help cover both bugs that the user will notice immediately, and also more subtle error which may not crash the app, but will certainly lead it to fall out of line in terms of the acceptance criteria. This of course is all my perspective based on experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21315" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T17:55:21.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22517" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-09T19:13:08.563" Score="2" ViewCount="2162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to TestLink and just got the bitnami virtual machine version up and running. I've been trying out the software and so far it hasn't been too difficult to figure out, but now I've run into an issue where there doesn't appear to be an easy way at all to get an image on my PC to show up in a test case step for the expected result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the test suite I can upload the image as an attachment and have it show it there, but I don't see a way to link this to the test case. The test case editor can insert images from URL, but has no option to upload an image or use an image already on the server. I tried the inline image text as well, but all it does is show what I typed, in this case &lt;code&gt;[tlInlineImage]2[/tlInlineImage]&lt;/code&gt;. The image is not rendered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone with TestLink experience give me some tips on how to do this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm running the latest bitnami image with TestLink 1.9.14.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21319" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T14:40:33.677" LastActivityDate="2021-05-21T09:28:16.033" Title="Testlink: How do I easily attach an image to a test case?" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22518" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-09T20:16:14.957" Score="2" ViewCount="3435" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently have Protractor set up to run multiple Chrome instances so that I can run my tests in parallel.  However, I've noticed that the tests in one browser instance are influencing tests in another browser instance.  For example, if I have one test that opens a drop-down menu, I see the drop-down menu open in the other browser instances, even though that has nothing to do with the other tests.  Why would this occur?  Can someone provide assistance for how I can run tests in parallel in isolation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;conf:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; 'use strict';&#xA;&#xA;exports.config = {&#xA;  baseUrl: 'http://localhost:8080/',&#xA;&#xA;  specs: [&#xA;    './tests/**/*.spec.js'&#xA;  ],&#xA;&#xA;  exclude: [],&#xA;&#xA;  suites: {&#xA;    testsA: './tests/tests-a/*.spec.js',&#xA;    testsB: './tests/testsB/*.spec.js',&#xA;    testsC: './tests/testsC/*.spec.js'&#xA;  },&#xA;&#xA;  framework: 'jasmine2',&#xA;&#xA;  allScriptsTimeout: 110000,&#xA;&#xA;  jasmineNodeOpts: {&#xA;    showTiming: true,&#xA;    showColors: true,&#xA;    isVerbose: false,&#xA;    includeStackTrace: false,&#xA;    defaultTimeoutInterval: 400000&#xA;  },&#xA;&#xA;  directConnect: true,&#xA;&#xA;  capabilities: {&#xA;    browserName: 'chrome',&#xA;    shardTestFiles: 'true',&#xA;    maxInstances: 5&#xA;  },&#xA;&#xA;  onPrepare: function () {&#xA;    let SpecReporter = require('jasmine-spec-reporter');&#xA;    // add jasmine spec reporter&#xA;    jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new SpecReporter({displayStacktrace: true}));&#xA;&#xA;    browser.ignoreSynchronization = false;&#xA;    require('babel-core/register')({ 'presets': [ 'es2015' ] });&#xA;  },&#xA;&#xA;  /**&#xA;   * Angular 2 configuration&#xA;   *&#xA;   * useAllAngular2AppRoots: tells Protractor to wait for any angular2 apps on the page instead of just the one matching&#xA;   * `rootEl`&#xA;   *&#xA;   */&#xA;  useAllAngular2AppRoots: true&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21321" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T14:23:14.447" Title="Protractor tests run in parallel influence each other" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2016-09-09T20:32:08.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently Silk Central test management can analyze your keyword tests and check which ones are used most frequently together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This then is used to recommend the next keyword in your keyword sequence during test creation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this is explained in the datasheet here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microfocus.com/media/data-sheet/BDS-Silk-Central.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.microfocus.com/media/data-sheet/BDS-Silk-Central.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Automatically analyzing the structure of existing keyword-driven tests, Silk Central recommends likely keywords for the currently edited keyword-driven test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The keyword library builder is supported using Java, so you can use this on your Selenium scripts if required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21322" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T20:32:08.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22501" CreationDate="2016-09-09T22:58:51.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An easy way to get started is to pick old and stable features of your project to automate first.  Consider the critical paths that users will travel most often.  Automate broadly at first, only narrowing down to less common and more specific variations of your workflows afterwards.  Keep your test cases small and focused where you're able to.  Isolating tests to specific features or aspects of a feature is a good way to reduce the occurrence of peripheral factors being the cause of failures.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're not familiar with a programming language that has Selenium bindings, I'd first learn the basic fundamentals of whichever language you choose.  Common choices are Java, Ruby, or Python.  Consider how your organization wants selenium to exist in relation to the app it tests.  There could be reasons to match the technology they're using, or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every single app out there on the net behaves differently, so automating a new project always starts off more challenging as you learn the specific behaviors and traits your project has.  The bigger and more complicated your tests are, as in the more it checks and touches, the more you'll have to consider and develop solutions to deal with the nuances of your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One concept you can look into as a way to design your tests and the code that drives the browser is the Page Object Model (POM).  This model encourages writing re-usable code, and when done well, you end up with very modular pieces that many tests can re-use in whatever order they require.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-09-09T22:58:51.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-10T05:34:52.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Manual Testing for when you need human intelligence (Exploration Testing) to really try to screw with an interface and find weaknesses. Or when your software project is really small and doesn't warrant setting up a robot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated Testing when you need big productivity of simple, repeatable procedures (Regression Testing) aka when you need heavy lifting. &#xA;To give you some dimensions here - we run 10k+ End-to-End GUI tests on 70 machines in under 8 hours - created and maintained by 12 people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21332" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T05:34:52.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2016-09-10T05:54:31.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specs: Software Version, Database Version etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Description: The behavior expected vs the behavior met.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reproduction: The exact input needed to run into the bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Routing: The &quot;adress&quot; where this problem will be solved or passed further.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21332" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T05:54:31.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2016-09-10T13:01:00.707" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;We faced this during recent hiring and it took 6 months.  We finally learned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Test their automated test writing skills&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. the thing we want them to do on a daily basis!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes we started off with the puzzles and algorithm questions provided by our development group.  However these consistently turned out to be poor predictors for the good people we wanted to hire.  I personally knew two outstanding candidates that we rejected due to this process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we finally turned to testing their automated test writing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We created a mini application in a few minutes using our development framework - Ruby on Rails.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We wrote a couple of simple ui tests for it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We then asked them to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a couple more tests cases for a model&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a couple of test cases for one of the views&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dry up some test cases that had sections of duplicated code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use page objects for a couple of UI tests to make them more readable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determine why intermittent failures were happening for one of the field validations&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(the issue was a test that used 1..31 values for day even for months&#xA;like February)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-09-10T13:01:00.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22525" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-11T14:22:59.037" Score="3" ViewCount="272" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider these steps to reproduce a bug:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Steps: &#xA;    1. Login to the app with valid credentials.&#xA;    2. Click on &quot;Administrator&quot; tab.&#xA;    3. // &#xA;    4. // Few more steps&#xA;    5. //&#xA;    6. // Few more steps&#xA;    7. Observe that when user clicks on &quot;save&quot; button, a crash is displayed on the screen.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expected result:-&#xA;  The &quot;Admin&quot; user should be saved successfully without any crash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in this bug report, I have written the &quot;Actual Results&quot; in the steps,&quot;observe that&quot;. Is there any need to include a separate section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I want to add comments about the defects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes/Remarks/Comments...which should be the correct name of this section?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21340" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T08:55:44.810" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T08:55:44.810" Title="Is it mandatory to include &quot;Actual results&quot; section in a Defect/Bug Report?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22525" CreationDate="2016-09-11T15:17:46.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Nothing is &quot;mandatory&quot;.  That always depends on your company and situation.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, yes, reporting expected and actual results is a standard practice generally in writing good bug reports.  Please see &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/1920/8992&quot;&gt;Best guidelines for bug reporting?&lt;/a&gt;  Both of the top 2 answers have relevant information for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some systems will have fields for you to enter expected vs actual.  Others will just have the general 'description' field or steps to reproduce where you can put that information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes, remarks and comments at the time you are filing the report should all be in the description details.  Those that then take place over time, often in the form of a dialog with others, should be added via individual comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-09-11T15:22:54.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-11T18:44:28.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Automated tests are robotic and don’t necessarily act as a real would&#xA;  user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not exactly true. You can use tools like jasmine that auto test in real browsers, or testing frameworks like jasmine and phantomJs that simulate webkit browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only thing automated testing can't really do is understand the context of interface design. In terms of web development your functionality could be working but the design could be complete skew-whiff. Even then I worked one place that had an inplace tool that would take a screenshot of pages during selenium tests on each commit then did image comparison to see if the image changed. Was very helpful for picking up when CSS broke other parts of a site you were not working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21342" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2016-12-30T09:14:30.123" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T09:14:30.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2016-09-11T19:56:40.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I finally solved this issue by uninstalling HTC Sync.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is caused by multiple running or older versions of adb.exe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open task manager and locate &lt;code&gt;adb.exe&lt;/code&gt;, right click -&gt; Open file location, in my case it showed &lt;code&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\HTC\HTC Sync Manager\HTC Sync\adb.exe&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21345" LastActivityDate="2016-09-11T19:56:40.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22525" CreationDate="2016-09-11T22:10:43.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it mandatory to include “Actual results” section in a Defect/Bug&#xA;  Report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is solely a management decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's good practice to include both an Expected Results and an Actual Results in your bug reports. But ask your QA Manager if you want to know if it is &quot;mandatory&quot; in your shop or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any need to include a seprate section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Putting Expected Results and Actual Results in separate sections makes it clearer for the reader, rather than having to wind through all the steps to figure out what actually happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Notes/Remarks/Comments...which should be the correct name of this&#xA;  section?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's no &quot;correct&quot; here, other than what is mandated by management. And of those section names is perfectly appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, you indicated that you wanted to add comments. So it seems to make sense to call this section &quot;Comments&quot;. I suspect you'll get used to whatever is currently in use at your shop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are my suggestions for good bug reports (yours may vary): &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/writing-issue-reports-that-work.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/writing-issue-reports-that-work.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T21:45:35.653" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T21:45:35.653" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22525" CreationDate="2016-09-12T02:53:54.033" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;What does your company management and the dev team say?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do they require that piece of information in the Bug Report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester when you are reporting bugs you need to make sure you provide all the information that will help the development team trace, isolate, debug and fix the problems. So, who better to ask what type of information would best help them then the development team themselves? As far as management is concerned you need to ask them what kind of information do they require to make well informed and educated managerial decisions. Management wont be going through every details like the step to reproduce, so they might ask that you write expected and actual result of the bug separately in the report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per the example you have given you have mentioned the Actual Result in the steps to reproduce itself. So it may not be mandatory to include that as a separate section. But, as written above, what does your management and development team say?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Cem Kaner has put together a really good document for Bug Advocacy &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/BugAdvocacy.pdf&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. The document has all the necessary details regarding how to write a good bug report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T02:53:54.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22514" CreationDate="2016-09-12T05:13:24.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe you need to look for tools which support &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_queuing_service&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Messaging Queue Services&lt;/a&gt;, if you're limited to free and open source, I can recommend to choose one of the following, both support &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Message_Service&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMS API&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; -  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/building-jms-testing-plan-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Building a JMS Testing Plan - Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/docs/2.1.1/jms.html#jms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T05:13:24.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18238" CreationDate="2016-09-12T10:55:19.267" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are three .Net wrappers for Sikuli.&#xA;Personally, I was a bit disappointed in all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: there was a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/christianrondeau/SikuliSharp/issues/8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;small bug in SikuliSharp&lt;/a&gt; which was causing commands to Sikuli to fail. Now that this is working, I'm a happy SikuliSharp user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SikuliSharp: looked most promising, couldn't get it to work with the same images that worked for Sikuli4Net (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/22507/sikulisharp-versus-sikuli4net-why-cant-i-get-the-first-to-work&quot;&gt;SikuliSharp versus Sikuli4Net - why can&amp;#39;t I get the first to work?&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sikuli4Net - only one I got to work, but stopping the API launcher throws an exception... Also, it's not very fast.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SikuliIntegrator - buh.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you search NuGet manager in VS you'll easily find them all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T07:02:27.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22534" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-12T11:03:49.417" Score="5" ViewCount="13849" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to drag an element into another element using Selenium WebDriver but it's not working. I tried all the solutions which I can find on internet but none of the solutions seems to be working for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement sourceelement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;XXX&quot;));&#xA;WebElement destelement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;YYY&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code1:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions( _controls.getDriver());&#xA;builder.dragAndDrop(sourceelement, destelement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code2:- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions(_controls.getDriver());&#xA;Action dragAndDrop =&#xA;builder.clickAndHold(sourceelement).moveToElement(destelement).release(destelement).build();&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;dragAndDrop.perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code3:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Point coordinates1 = sourceelement.getLocation();&#xA;Point coordinates2 = destelement.getLocation();  &#xA;Robot robot = new Robot();           &#xA;robot.mouseMove(coordinates1.getX(), coordinates1.getY());&#xA;robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);&#xA;robot.mouseMove(coordinates2.getX(), coordinates2.getY());&#xA;robot.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK);&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code4:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;final String java_script =&#xA;&quot;var src=arguments[0],tgt=arguments[1];var dataTransfer={dropEffe&quot; +&#xA;                &quot;ct:'',effectAllowed:'all',files:[],items:{},types:[],setData:fun&quot; +&#xA;                &quot;ction(format,data){this.items[format]=data;this.types.append(for&quot; +&#xA;                &quot;mat);},getData:function(format){return this.items[format];},clea&quot; +&#xA;                &quot;rData:function(format){}};var emit=function(event,target){var ev&quot; +&#xA;                &quot;t=document.createEvent('Event');evt.initEvent(event,true,false);&quot; +&#xA;                &quot;evt.dataTransfer=dataTransfer;target.dispatchEvent(evt);};emit('&quot; +&#xA;                &quot;dragstart',src);emit('dragenter',tgt);emit('dragover',tgt);emit(&quot; +&#xA;                &quot;'drop',tgt);emit('dragend',src);&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        ((JavascriptExecutor)_controls.getDriver()).executeScript(java_script, sourceelement, destelement);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of the above code is working for me. All the above runs without any error but drag and drop is not happening in the application. Anyone having any other solution ? Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browser :- IE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21355" LastActivityDate="2019-07-08T10:00:06.050" Title="Why drag and drop is not working in Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22498" CreationDate="2016-09-12T11:06:41.767" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the below code will not work, rather it will throw an &lt;code&gt;Element not found&lt;/code&gt; Exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  if(objSbm.isDisplayed())&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Submit button has displayed&quot;);&#xA;    objSbm.click();&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Submit button did not displayed&quot;);&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to tackle this issue is to use try-catch block&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try&#xA;{&#xA;  objSbm.isDisplayed()&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Submit button has displayed&quot;);&#xA;  objSbm.click();&#xA;}&#xA;catch (exception e)&#xA;{&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Submit button did not displayed&quot;);&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T11:06:41.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22536" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22542" CreationDate="2016-09-12T11:47:33.180" Score="1" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use selenium webdriver with Java, I used Robot API from Java for handling Window (OS) level pop-ups in automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Questions are, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;is the ROBOT API platform independent, if i wanna use selenium grid&#xA;and can the same code be executed on multiple platforms like apple,&#xA;unix etc not just the windows ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or should i modify the code for every platform ? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is Robot Framework    different from Robot API?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21356" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T14:08:03.487" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T16:54:16.507" Title="Is Java Robot API Platform Independent" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22548" CreationDate="2016-09-12T12:04:38.447" Score="1" ViewCount="439" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new in the team and they asked me to create test template in Agile.&#xA;Right now we are in POC phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This template will help us in future when we will be in real development phase.&#xA;I don't have any good experience in Agile environment, so bit confused how to write this template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21357" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T12:53:39.793" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T05:19:57.233" Title="How to create test template in Agile?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22539" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-12T12:40:42.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;ChromeDriver is a standalone server which implements &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver's wire protocol&lt;/a&gt; for Chromium. WebDriver is an open source tool for automated testing of webapps across many browsers. It provides capabilities for navigating to web pages, user input, JavaScript execution, and more.  ChromeDriver is available for Chrome on Android and Chrome on Desktop (Mac, Linux, Windows and ChromeOS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ChromeDriver consists of three separate pieces. There is the browser itself (&quot;chrome&quot;), the language bindings provided by the Selenium project (&quot;the driver&quot;) and an executable downloaded from the Chromium project which acts as a bridge between &quot;chrome&quot; and the &quot;driver&quot;. This executable is called &quot;chromedriver&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T14:08:53.423" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T14:08:53.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22540" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-12T12:40:42.870" Score="0" Body="ChromeDriver is a standalone server which implements WebDriver's wire protocol for Chromium. WebDriver is an open source tool for automated testing of webapps across many browsers. It provides capabilities for navigating to web pages, user input, JavaScript execution, and more.  ChromeDriver is available for Chrome on Android and Chrome on Desktop (Mac, Linux, Windows and ChromeOS)." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T14:09:04.223" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T14:09:04.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22537" CreationDate="2016-09-12T12:52:08.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Agile testing quadrants&lt;/a&gt; could be used as a guideline to find a balance to which test cases to define , which to automate and which to execute manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our current user story high level test strategy template boils down to the following bullets:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases and examples: Key is here to question what are the things we want to test for this user story and to create a checklist to verify we tested them?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risk assessment: Do a risks analyses for the feature and check if they are covered by tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated test coverage: Question which of the test cases are we going to automated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17634/is-there-an-industry-standard-definition-for-the-code-review-activity&quot;&gt;Checklist based code review&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability: Execute a usability test if applicable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance: Question possible performance issues with the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security: Question possible security issues with the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We copy this template and at the start of an user story we start filling the template with test idea's and discuss them with the full team. We push to do this in parallel to coding to &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.gdinwiddie.com/2012/11/01/avoiding-mini-waterfalls/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;prevent mini waterfalls&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This list is dynamic as we learn more and find new types of issues we want to prevent. For each defect that does reach production we execute a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;root-cause analyses&lt;/a&gt; and update our template to prevent similar issues in the future. Also we check our template regularly to see if items on there are still relevant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that in Agile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing no longer means testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Confused? We can imagine! The purpose of testing used to be fairly&#xA;  clear – “&lt;em&gt;Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent&#xA;  of finding errors&lt;/em&gt;”. This changes when adopting agile and&#xA;  lean development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;read more...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggested reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.gdinwiddie.com/2012/11/01/avoiding-mini-waterfalls/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://blog.gdinwiddie.com/2012/11/01/avoiding-mini-waterfalls/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile tester (book): &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://agiletester.ca/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-12T13:18:48.397" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T13:18:48.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22536" CreationDate="2016-09-12T15:25:02.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Robot framework&lt;/a&gt; website:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Robot Framework is operating system and application &lt;strong&gt;independent&lt;/strong&gt;. The&#xA;  core framework is implemented using Python and runs also on Jython&#xA;  (JVM) and IronPython (.NET).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#built-in-variable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Operating-system variables&lt;/a&gt; to help with difference between operating systems for PATHs and file endings. Which should cover the most common OS differences. Although I do not have a lot of experience with the Robot framework I expect you do not need to create custom code for each operating system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No, this is the same. The package name is robot.api from &lt;a href=&quot;http://robot-framework.readthedocs.io/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;robot.api package exposes the public APIs of Robot Framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T15:25:02.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22525" CreationDate="2016-09-12T16:29:16.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q : Is it mandatory to include “Actual results” section in a&#xA;  Defect/Bug Report?Is there any need to include a separate section?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We can&lt;/strong&gt; but &lt;strong&gt;considering best practices&lt;/strong&gt; I will suggest &lt;strong&gt;we should include &quot;Actual Results&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We identify and file bug to make software more appropriate + aligned to specification/requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dev team will address each defect - If we have added more things in separate fields it would be helpful for them to resolve/fix/investigate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So we should add Actual Results in defect or bug report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q : Notes/Remarks/Comments...which should be the correct name of this&#xA;  section?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is no thumb rule to name section&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For connivance we can give appropriate name to concern section which will give an idea to other team members &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-09-12T16:29:16.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2016-09-13T05:05:02.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0596159811&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Beautiful Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is a great book for both beginners and practitioners.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read one whole chapter for free here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.johndcook.com/Beautiful_Testing_ch10.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.johndcook.com/Beautiful_Testing_ch10.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This chapter talks about testing random number generator (RNG).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tests for evaluating RNGs can exhibit complexity as well as unifying&#xA;  order. Such tests are beautiful by the classical definition of beauty.&#xA;  RNGs are complex because they are deterministic programs that must&#xA;  give the illusion of being nondeterministic. Tests of RNGs are at&#xA;  least as complex as the generators they validate. These tests are&#xA;  complex because we can seldom say anything absolute about how the RNG&#xA;  should behave. We have to be content with statements about how they&#xA;  should usually behave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From Amazon's product page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Beautiful Testing offers 23 essays from 27 leading testers and&#xA;  developers that illustrate the qualities and techniques that make&#xA;  testing an art. Through personal anecdotes, you'll learn how each of&#xA;  these professionals developed beautiful ways of testing a wide range&#xA;  of products -- valuable knowledge that you can apply to your own&#xA;  projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excerpt from a review by Michael Larsen in Amazon:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 1 : Was It Good for You? (Linda Wilkinson)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This chapter leads off the book and gives a great introduction to the&#xA;  mindset of a tester, and the reason and rationale they use to help a&#xA;  company get the most out of their software development time. It makes&#xA;  a clear case that &quot;not just anyone can test&quot; (or at least not do so&#xA;  and do it well), and it helps identify the areas testers really care&#xA;  about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 2 : Beautiful Testing Satisfies Stakeholders (Rex Black)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are many stakeholders that have a say and a personal vested&#xA;  interest in our testing being done well and providing a lot of&#xA;  information to help make good decisions. Those stakeholders range from&#xA;  customers, vendors and users, but also include such entities as law&#xA;  enforcement, elected officials, company shareholders and all of the&#xA;  other key contributors to any project (PM's, developers, software&#xA;  developers, and yes, even our fellow testers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 3 : Building Open Source QA Communities (Martin Schröder &amp;amp;&#xA;  Clint Talbert)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Using the example of Open Source projects, getting a community&#xA;  involved in the efforts will help get people excited about&#xA;  applications and give those who are part of that community a desire&#xA;  and drive to see it succeed. My own experience with this has been with&#xA;  the Selenium Users Group here in San Francisco. While I find using the&#xA;  tool itself to be interesting, getting involved with and getting to&#xA;  know others that are also actively involved gives me extra energy and&#xA;  motivation to learn and practice more so I can likewise share with the&#xA;  broader community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 4 : Collaboration Is the Cornerstone of Beautiful Performance&#xA;  Testing (Scott Barber)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scott shares some of his insights into the development of his approach&#xA;  to performance testing, and the idea that performance testing&#xA;  challenges can be tackled via collaboration with other groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 5 : Just Peachy: Making Office Software More Reliable with&#xA;  Fuzz Testing (Kamran Khan)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fuzzing is described as a technique where deliberately corrupt data is&#xA;  entered into your application to see how the system reacts to the&#xA;  inputs (for good or ill). Kamran uses Excel as an example application&#xA;  and demonstrates using tools that fuzz input and data values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 6 : Bug Management and Test Case Effectiveness (Emily Chen &amp;amp;&#xA;  Brian Nitz)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Emily and Brian share bug management techniques and methods defining&#xA;  defects as relates to their involvement with Bugzilla and the&#xA;  OpenSolaris Desktop development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 7 : Beautiful XMPP Testing (Remko Tronçon)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Remko walks through examples and issues faced with testing the&#xA;  Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) and describes his&#xA;  approach to creating Unit Tests for testing protocol interactions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 8 : Beautiful Large-Scale Test Automation (Alan Page)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alan walks the user through an example of test automation on a grand&#xA;  scale, and shows that many of the approaches and methods that are used&#xA;  for small scale automation projects work the same way for large&#xA;  automation, but the scale is totally different. This chapter helps a&#xA;  lot in showing neophyte testers that the steps from one world to&#xA;  another need not be so scary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 9 : Beautiful Is Better Than Ugly (Neal Norwitz, Michelle&#xA;  Levesque &amp;amp; Jeffrey Yasskin)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Python has made its way from an interesting yet obscure language back&#xA;  in the 90's to becoming one of the go-to languages of the web and&#xA;  testing today. Testing an entire development scripting language puts a&#xA;  whole new area and emphasis on testing and stability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 10 : Testing a Random Number Generator (John D. Cook)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here's a great example of taking an application that can be tested in&#xA;  a number of ways, and the correctness or incorrectness can be&#xA;  difficult to pin down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 11 : Change-Centric Testing (Murali Nandigama)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Murali demonstrates a call system and makes the case that, instead of&#xA;  testing everything over and over again, make a series of tests that&#xA;  will focus on the change. By using a change-centric testing approach,&#xA;  the number of tests run nightly can be reduced dramatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 12 : Software in Use (Karen N. Johnson)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Karen describes the feeling and the responsibility of testing&#xA;  equipment that works in a Hospital's Intensive Care Unit, the very&#xA;  definition of Mission Critical. This one hit close to home, as it&#xA;  described a situation my Dad (a retired physician) faced a number of&#xA;  years ago with a program and a glitch that almost cost patient's lives&#xA;  in an infant ICU. Karen describes the process, ups and downs, and&#xA;  resolutions related to, in her words, working on a product that really&#xA;  matters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 13 : Software Development Is a Creative Process (Chris&#xA;  McMahon)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chris makes the case (and a really compelling one) that developing and&#xA;  testing software is artistic work. Evaluating software quality is&#xA;  evaluating art, and that, when we recognize the artistic aspect of&#xA;  creating software, Beautiful Testing becomes a reality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 14 : Test-Driven Development: Driving New Standards of Beauty&#xA;  (Jennitta Andrea)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jeanette introduces the idea of the Diderot Effect and relays it to&#xA;  test driven development and the unintended consequences of upgrading&#xA;  just one area of a process and thinking that it's all done. To embrace&#xA;  the beauty of TDD, all aspects of the role and purpose of testing and&#xA;  embracing TDD have to be applied. Requirements, system design, he very&#xA;  act of writing code, the pace of work and the level of engagement of&#xA;  the testers involved all face changes when TDD becomes part of the&#xA;  landscape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 15 : Beautiful Testing As the Cornerstone of Business Success&#xA;  (Lisa Crispin)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anyone familiar with Agile Testing will notice the Mind-map that leads&#xA;  off everything, and gives a clear picture of the ideas that Lisa&#xA;  wishes to impart. The take away is clear, testing is part of the&#xA;  overall process of development, and testing is a process at every&#xA;  stage of development. Testing drives development, and development is&#xA;  not complete until tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 16 : Peeling the Glass Onion at Socialtext (Matthew Heusser)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Matt makes the point that, in mathematics, often the simplest solution&#xA;  is the most beautiful solution, and the same holds true for testing.&#xA;  Through examples at Matt's company, Socialtext, he shows how they do&#xA;  not just test to show that they have done testing, but that the&#xA;  solution they have developed fits what their customers want to see.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 17 : Beautiful Testing Is Efficient Testing (Adam Goucher)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Efficiency and focusing on how to get the best bang for your buck&#xA;  requires setting some parameters, using some tools to help focus on&#xA;  the goal, and making a mindmap to capture test ideas and methods. Adam&#xA;  uses the mnemonic SLIME to help organize his approach ((Security,&#xA;  Languages, RequIrements, Measurement, Existing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 18 : Seeding Bugs to Find Bugs: Beautiful Mutation Testing&#xA;  (Andreas Zeller &amp;amp; David Schuler)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Andreas and David discuss the idea of mutation tests, and the tool&#xA;  Javalanche to perform those tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 19 : Reference Testing As Beautiful Testing (Clint Talbert)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An inside look at how Mozilla tests the variety of products in the&#xA;  Mozilla portfolio, and how they create tests and their reference&#xA;  points. Their goal is to encourage people to get involved and test in&#xA;  the way that is the most simple, direct and easy to understand way&#xA;  possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 20 : Clam Anti-Virus: Testing Open Source with Open Tools&#xA;  (Tomasz Kojm)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A look under the hood at an open source product (Clam Anti-Virus, a&#xA;  tool I actively use and wholeheartedly endorse, by the way) , and all&#xA;  of the open source tools used to test it, along with the testing&#xA;  strategies used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 21 : Web Application Testing with Windmill (Adam Christian)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Adam provides a quick tutorial in how to set up and use the Windmill&#xA;  web testing tool and a quick way to implement automated testing for&#xA;  web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 22 : Testing One Million Web Pages (Tim Riley)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tim describes the Spider and Sisyphus projects at Mozilla and how they&#xA;  use the framework to test huge numbers of pages and web sites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Chapter 23 : Testing Network Services in Multimachine Scenarios (Isaac&#xA;  Clerencia)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Isaac describes the ANSTE test tool and how it is used at his company,&#xA;  eBox, to test environments with multiple and varying machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;All author royalties will be donated to the Nothing But Nets campaign to save lives by preventing malaria, a disease that kills millions of children in Africa each year.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T05:05:02.990" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-09-13T05:05:02.990" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22537" CreationDate="2016-09-13T05:19:57.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile envirionment we are working in in small sprint or iterations. which consist of tasks where the system is designed, coded and tested. Each sprint is focused on only a few requirements, it is natural that the documentation may not be as extensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few documents commonly used in Agile testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test strategy&lt;/strong&gt; that describes how the system is usually tested. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test plan&lt;/strong&gt; for each sprint. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test specifications&lt;/strong&gt; which contain test&#xA;cases. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Ideas&lt;/strong&gt; for exploratory testing and test logs in which the&#xA;outcome is noted. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Checklists&lt;/strong&gt; for installation testing and regression&#xA;testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more guidance please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingexcellence.com/agile-test-strategy-example-template/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;read this&lt;/a&gt; very well explained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T05:19:57.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-09-13T05:53:19.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to add my 2 cents. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe both has its value. What's really important is the person who creates the test whether for manual or automated execution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All tests should be created for a specific and achievable purpose. Good tests take time and effort to create. There's no point in creating and executing for the sake of it. Be it functional, non-functional e.t.c. There is no point in creating many tests just to impress the stake-holders. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many useful and effective test design techniques like equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, domain analysis (which I have never used) and pair wise. It would be ideal to create automated tests using these test design techniques. Don't forget, there's also the important test reporting and defect logging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, it's all about achieving high quality software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T05:53:19.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6911" CreationDate="2016-09-13T06:32:02.710" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you have mentioned that when you access the application without a proxy it works fine, but when using via proxy (recording script for JMeter) you are not able to access the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From this I understand you are using JMeter's built-in script recorder. Well it does create some problems some times, because some applications don't work well on proxy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should try an alternative &gt;&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.register365.com/&quot;&gt;Blazemter&lt;/a&gt;. Blazemeter has an &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/blazemeter-the-load-testi/mbopgmdnpcbohhpnfglgohlbhfongabi?hl=en-GB&quot;&gt;extension in Google Chrome&lt;/a&gt;. Add this to Google Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sign up and login in to the extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now start the script recorder in the extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start browsing your application and URLs in Chrome. The extension will start recording the script along with the required cookies, session and credentials. IT DOESN'T REQUIRE A PROXY CONNECTION FOR THIS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once done, stop the recorder and export the test script as &lt;code&gt;JMX&lt;/code&gt; file. Use this as test plan in &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt;!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T06:32:02.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23033" CreationDate="2016-09-13T07:24:48.927" Score="1" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that Ranorex does not support Visual Studio very well. E.g. the  &lt;code&gt;.rxrep&lt;/code&gt; file is only compiled to code in Ranorex Studio but it won't be compiled to code in Visual Studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a very valuable tool chain in Visual Studio already (consisting of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncrunch.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NCrunch&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oz-code.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OzCode&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualsvn.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Visual SVN&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/resharper/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ReSharper&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ndepend.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NDepend&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/profiler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dotTrace&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.red-gate.com/products/dotnet-development/reflector/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Reflector&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.devexpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DevExpress&lt;/a&gt;) which I would not like to miss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a chance of making those plugins work in Ranorex Studio?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T08:05:51.190" Title="Can I use Visual Studio Plugins in Ranorex Studio?" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22552" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-13T07:42:43.203" Score="1" ViewCount="746" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ranorex has its own IDE, Ranorex Studio. It seems that Ranorex does not integrate into Visual Studio very well. The only available &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/visual-studio-integration.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex blog entry&lt;/a&gt; describes the bare minimum of compiling a Ranorex script in Visual Studio. It does not offer the full functionality such as recording new objects into the repository, recording tests etc. Also, perhaps I can't &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/22551/can-i-use-visual-studio-plugins-in-ranorex-studio&quot;&gt;reuse my VS Plugins in Ranorex Studio (related question)&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the following 2 reasons I don't want to miss Visual Studio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we have developers that are familiar and productive with it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;our VS tool chain (consisting of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncrunch.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NCrunch&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oz-code.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OzCode&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualsvn.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual SVN&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/resharper/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ReSharper&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ndepend.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NDepend&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/profiler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dotTrace&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.red-gate.com/products/dotnet-development/reflector/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reflector&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.devexpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DevExpress&lt;/a&gt;) works very well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore I'm looking for an alternative to Ranorex that integrates into Visual Studio. Unfortunately we have the full technology mix, so it must&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support SAP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support Java applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support Browsers (Firefox and IE at least)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support C# Winforms and WPF&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support Win32 applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at the same time. This e.g. rules out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.borland.com/en-GB/Products/Software-Testing/Automated-Testing/Silk-Test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Silk Test&lt;/a&gt; which cannot identify SAP controls and Win32 controls in one session (we have a license and that's actually the reason why I'm looking for something else).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It must work on Windows and needn't support mobile applications. At the moment I don't care about the price. Commercial support must be available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T04:29:11.653" Title="Alternative to Ranorex that integrates in Visual Studio" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2016-09-13T07:43:08.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest TMap NEXT: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tmap.net/tmap-next&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.tmap.net/tmap-next&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;This book covers most aspects of software testing.&#xA;The TMap NEXT aproach is considered leading in for instance the Netherlands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T07:43:08.617" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-09-13T07:43:08.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22555" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-13T09:42:29.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Grinder is a Java load testing framework that makes it easy to run a distributed test using many load injector machines. It is freely available under a BSD-style open-source license.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Generic Approach&lt;/strong&gt; Load test anything that has a Java API. This includes common cases such as HTTP web servers, SOAP and REST web services, and application servers (CORBA, RMI, JMS, EJBs), as well as custom protocols.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flexible Scripting&lt;/strong&gt; Test scripts are written in the powerful &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jython.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jython&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://clojure.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Clojure&lt;/a&gt; languages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Distributed Framework&lt;/strong&gt; A graphical console allows multiple load injectors to be monitored and controlled, and provides centralised script editing and distribution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mature HTTP Support&lt;/strong&gt; Automatic management of client connections and cookies. SSL. Proxy aware. Connection throttling. Sophisticated record and replay of the interaction between a browser and a web site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T15:13:29.860" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T15:13:29.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22556" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-13T09:42:29.993" Score="0" Body="The Grinder is a Java load testing framework that makes it easy to run a distributed test using many load injector machines. It is freely available under a BSD-style open-source license." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T11:38:36.900" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T11:38:36.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10342" CreationDate="2016-09-13T13:05:27.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please try below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; getText(String xpath) throws Exception {&#xA;    return driver.findElements(By.xpath(xpath)).getText();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;if(tool.getText(&quot;//\*[@id='contentText']//\*/table//\*/strong&quot;).contains(&quot;&amp;lt;yourtext&amp;gt;&quot;))&#xA;{&#xA;    system.out.println(&quot;Your text is available in the particular xpath&quot;);&#xA;} else {&#xA;    system.out.println(&quot;Your text is not available in the particular xpath&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is working fine for me. I can find any text on any xpath using above code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21386" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-09-13T13:40:55.050" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T13:40:55.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9818" CreationDate="2016-09-13T15:10:56.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Function&lt;/strong&gt; is like the basic thing of the product or of particular domain for example, on a job searching site job seeker can view job which is basic functionality of all job searching site, but in particular job searching site one can send mail to the recruiter as well is &lt;strong&gt;feature&lt;/strong&gt; of the particular job searching site which belongs to a particular company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It means functionality is the basic function of the product in a&#xA;  domain, but features can change depending on company to company&#xA;  product in the same domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21389" LastActivityDate="2016-09-13T15:10:56.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22507" CreationDate="2016-09-14T07:00:39.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem in SikuliSharp is the 'culture sensitivity' in &lt;code&gt;string.Format()&lt;/code&gt;, which caused a float to be passed as 0,7 instead of 0.7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For details: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/christianrondeau/SikuliSharp/issues/8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/christianrondeau/SikuliSharp/issues/8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T07:00:39.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-14T07:15:29.743" Score="1" ViewCount="10504" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two scripts trying to run using testng.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In 1st script launching browser at the end closing the browser.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In second script again launching browser and closing at the end.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But getting below error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.testng.TestNGException: &#xA;Cannot instantiate class hotelsScripts.TS03_Hotelstours_StarGrade&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:40)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance1(ClassHelper.java:382)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance(ClassHelper.java:295)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getDefaultInstance(ClassImpl.java:118)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getInstances(ClassImpl.java:183)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestNGClassFinder.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestNGClassFinder.java:128)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.initMethods(TestRunner.java:416)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:242)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:212)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestRunner.java:166)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG$1.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG.java:143)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG$DelegatingTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG.java:272)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner$ProxyTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(SuiteRunner.java:587)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.init(SuiteRunner.java:161)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(SuiteRunner.java:114)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunner(TestNG.java:1290)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunners(TestNG.java:1277)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1131)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1048)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:112)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:205)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:176)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:29)&#xA;    ... 21 more&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Unable to bind to locking port 7054 within 45000 ms&#xA;Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30 17:32:46'&#xA;System info: host: 'ADMINIB-UKGT3G2', ip: '9.78.194.222', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_71'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.internal.SocketLock.lock(SocketLock.java:99)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:80)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:271)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:119)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:218)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:211)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:207)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:120)&#xA;    at hotelsScripts.TS01_Hotels_Amenties.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TS01_Hotels_Amenties.java:17)&#xA;    at hotelsScripts.TS03_Hotelstours_StarGrade.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TS03_Hotelstours_StarGrade.java:18)&#xA;    ... 26 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21399" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-14T07:20:35.643" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T14:55:40.507" Title="Launching and closing browser multiple times in testng" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22562" CreationDate="2016-09-14T07:26:58.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unable to bind to locking port 7054&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error means a browser or selenium instance is still running and it cannot create a new one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you do a &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; call to make sure the browser and Selenium cleans up. Just closing the windows will not help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you need try a little pause at the end of script1 to let Selenium exit gracefully, although the timeout of 45 seconds should be enough I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16140865/unable-to-bind-to-locking-port-7054-within-45000-ms&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; Stack overflow answer for more info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T12:01:01.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22565" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22567" CreationDate="2016-09-14T09:10:04.977" Score="0" ViewCount="382" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it &lt;strong&gt;Possible or impossible&lt;/strong&gt; to do a 100% testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had tested an application and solved all critical or major bugs, but after some time we found some functionality bugs in it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is, is it possible to deliver bug free applications? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21165" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-14T10:18:37.753" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T10:18:37.753" Title="Does testing assure bug free product?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-14T13:21:24.657" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22565" CreationDate="2016-09-14T09:49:54.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on complexity, but in most cases there is no time to make exhaustive testing. 100 % bug free product cannot be guaranteed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Consider an application in which a password field that accepts 3&#xA;  characters, with no consecutive repeating entries. Hence, there are 26&#xA;  * 26 * 26 input permutations for alphabets only. Including special characters and standard characters, there are much more combinations.&#xA;  So, there are 256 * 256 * 256 input combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;via tutorialspoint&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21148" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T09:49:54.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22569" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22595" CreationDate="2016-09-14T10:10:07.917" Score="1" ViewCount="4384" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have got following question in an ISTQB mock exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Given the following State Table:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A B C D E F&#xA;SS S1&#xA;S1 S2&#xA;S2 S3 S1&#xA;S3 ES S3&#xA;ES&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question is which are invalid state transitions, but first of all I would like to know valid ones. How should this question be interpreted?&#xA;I haven't found yet any detailed solution to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21148" LastActivityDate="2019-06-18T10:31:44.550" Title="State transitions in software testing" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;state-diagrams&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22572" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-14T12:09:13.350" Score="-2" ViewCount="188" Body="&lt;p&gt;When one person joins a company as a software tester, the basic skills he contains within himself is Manual Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it enough for him to sustains for a long period in the company?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not then what are the branches in his line that he should look into?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opion there are two branches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non functional testing (Load testing, Security testing etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think out of these two Automation should be the first priority to jump into&#xA;from manual testing, because it is the tool which can be used parallely with manual testing. So if you are into manual testing you can start working on automation side-by-side. But it requires coding skills and companies mainly use it for long projects only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas Load Testing  is a good option too, and for those who lacks in programming languages. As for some small projects were automations is not used in respect of time, but load testing will definately used so the scope for Load testing rises above Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-09-14T16:31:55.600" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T17:34:52.803" Title="How a Software Tester or Q &amp; A should move ahead in his career" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-15T00:24:33.653" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16883" CreationDate="2016-09-14T12:19:22.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no golden standard for code quality statistics. Also older Stackoverflow &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2298272/how-much-duplicated-code-do-you-tolerate&quot;&gt;questions about code duplication&lt;/a&gt; shows these topics are very opinionated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What good or bad statistics are will also differ per product and its complexity. Some might need more comments and or duplicate code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not use sonarQube to just rate a project, but to use as a tool that signals issues over time. Focus on the trends and set goals like we do not want to add more code duplication, take actions and monitor them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Increase or maintain a steady code quality over time instead of sayings its good or bad in this point of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dA02g.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dA02g.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T12:19:22.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22572" CreationDate="2016-09-14T12:40:42.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no rule on how you &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; move ahead, only how you &lt;strong&gt;want to&lt;/strong&gt; move ahead determines your career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're happy with manual testing and you love the job, you can keep just doing that. It's not all that simple (I wonder how many senior testers can thoroughly explain pairwise testing and its variations). Also, some testers I know have a good work-life balance with fixed hours and like to keep it that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, why wouldn't you be able to work a long time for a company as a manual tester? Once you're there long enough, you'll be a functional domain and application expert, at which point your value for the company increases tremendously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in technical testing (automated, load, security, ...) you can evolve in that direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other alternatives are going up towards test coordination and test management, or trainer, or project manager, scrum master or product owner even.&#xA;That's heavily dependant on the company you're working for and what the opportunities are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T12:40:42.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22572" CreationDate="2016-09-14T12:44:27.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion there are three branches (that overlap) - &lt;strong&gt;Business, Technical and Test Management&lt;/strong&gt;, you can move to analyst positions, development/technical testing positons (what you mentioned: automation, load, security + ) or you start to manage other testers/plan testing on a bigger scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T12:44:27.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22576" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-14T14:15:11.357" Score="1" ViewCount="1075" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't get it why use case testing is divided as a separate testing technique. In &lt;code&gt;use case&lt;/code&gt; testing we test cases given by the clients, but we test them with positive and negative tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, basically we do exactly the same thing which we would do when testing only against requirements. The only difference is that in &lt;code&gt;use case&lt;/code&gt; testing we get the scenarios from the client instead of creating them based on requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any thoughts on that? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21413" LastEditorUserId="9118" LastEditDate="2016-09-16T12:23:43.910" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T12:51:37.000" Title="What is Use Case Testing?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16214" CreationDate="2016-09-14T14:28:20.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to store each and every ID from all of the rows or columns then look at the below code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step1: grab the table,&#xA;Step2: grab the rows,&#xA;Step3: grab the columns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement table=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;someID&quot;));&#xA;//you can choose id,xpath or any other unique locator.&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rowID=table.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;for(WebElement row:rowID){&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; colID=row.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;td&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;now colID and rowID contains ID's of columns and rows respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21415" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-09-14T14:56:55.703" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T14:56:55.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22578" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-14T14:36:09.983" Score="2" ViewCount="854" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just started with Selenium and C# and came across this problem at very beginning. I've installed nuget webdriver package in project WebdriverTest, then created Unit test project in which I add reference to WebdriverTest project.&#xA;But the unit test doesn't recognize the selenium webdriver reference in WebdriverTest project at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BaJ0m.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BaJ0m.png&quot; alt=&quot;VSReference&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21416" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T21:35:16.833" Title="VS 2015: Selenium webdriver reference isn't found" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22572" CreationDate="2016-09-14T14:54:52.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with FDM answer. &lt;strong&gt;You should do what you love&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would add that as long as you keep learning, being curious at what you do - you are doing it right. Once you get experience with the company product, and maximize your expertise, you have a lot of value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can move to customer facing roles (COST, Tech. Support, SE), where you get to see the product you used to test in action and solve customer issues and challenges.&#xA;You can learn code if you want to become a developer (Automation included). Build your own tools, that helps you in day-to-day stuff and makes your job easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally know people who started with QA job and became QA Automation Developers, Java Developers, Sales Engineers, QA Managers, Technical Support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You just need to decide what you want to do, and have a plan what you need to do to get there. Personal advise - don't narrow your options. Be open-minded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goodluck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21418" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T14:54:52.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22580" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22589" CreationDate="2016-09-14T15:24:40.673" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I test a Windows desktop app that has an option to use cache while sending database information? Any ideas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20896" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T07:41:35.850" Title="How can I test a cache feature in a windows desktop?" Tags="&lt;windows&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2016-09-14T15:40:10.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are using selenium web driver with for Firefox profile , the &lt;strong&gt;best way to deal&lt;/strong&gt; with the modal window is by &lt;strong&gt;changing the Firefox profile settings to automatically downloading&lt;/strong&gt; the file to the desired location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other answers here has useful info but not a working solution based on JAVA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here is the code snippet that does work like a trick  -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();          &#xA;profile.setPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.folderList&amp;quot;,2);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&amp;quot;,false);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&amp;quot;browser.download.dir&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;C\\downloads&amp;quot;);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&amp;quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&amp;quot;, &#xA;&amp;quot;application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;&amp;quot;&#xA;+ &amp;quot;application/pdf;&amp;quot; &#xA;+ &amp;quot;application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document;&amp;quot; &#xA;+ &amp;quot;text/plain;&amp;quot; &#xA;+ &amp;quot;text/csv&amp;quot;);  &#xA;Webdriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21419" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-24T20:18:57.307" LastActivityDate="2021-01-24T20:18:57.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22572" CreationDate="2016-09-14T17:34:52.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend start learning any language like python or java, automation skills are very much important. This will definitely help to grow in software testing career. Also, manual testing is equally important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see most of test engineer job openings need automation skills.&#xA;Nowadays, most of the startups wants an test engineer who can test and automate the whole feature in V Model (more backed/API automation testing, then UI automation testing and minimal End-to-End testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start with REST API automation or UI automation with Page object model concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7327" LastActivityDate="2016-09-14T17:34:52.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22594" CreationDate="2016-09-15T04:52:10.657" Score="0" ViewCount="1830" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to do my automation testing project following a page object model using Selenium's webdriver framework. Does anybody knows about the pom framework, please explain  How i start my project using page object model framework in selenium webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T10:09:27.467" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T10:11:24.963" Title="How i start my project using page object model framework in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22584" CreationDate="2016-09-15T06:16:52.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a pattern to create &lt;code&gt;Object Repository&lt;/code&gt; for web UI elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Structural Implementation:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In POM for each web page in the application there should be corresponding page class. That Page class will find the &lt;code&gt;WebElements&lt;/code&gt; of that web page and also contains &lt;code&gt;Page methods&lt;/code&gt; which perform operations on those WebElements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Name of these methods should be given as per the task they are performing i.e., if a loader is waiting for payment gateway to be appear, POM method name can be &lt;code&gt;waitForPaymentScreenDisplay()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some Links which help you more &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.3pillarglobal.com/insights/abstracting-selenium-tests-using-page-object-model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link 1&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/page-object-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link 2&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://roadtoautomation.blogspot.in/2015/02/page-object-model-for-selenium-webdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Link 3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T06:16:52.380" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22576" CreationDate="2016-09-15T07:25:55.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use cases are a way of defining requirements often in the form of a use case diagram. &lt;em&gt;Use case testing&lt;/em&gt; as terminology could mean &lt;em&gt;testing that a use case is complete and correct&lt;/em&gt;. As in you test the use case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definition from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use_case&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In software and systems engineering, a use case is a list of actions&#xA;  or event steps, typically defining the interactions between a role&#xA;  (known in the Unified Modeling Language as an actor) and a system, to&#xA;  achieve a goal. The actor can be a human or other external system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with all terminology it greatly depends on the context and location. Discuss with your team and company what the term means to use and use it like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not from clients&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not think use cases per say come from clients. I have worked in teams where we would design use cases &amp;amp; UML and use these as sort of contracts in our code. No clients where involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would dare to challenge that use cases are not designed or created by clients at all, but after design are used to have a conversation with the clients to verify that the assumptions they show are correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T07:25:55.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22580" CreationDate="2016-09-15T07:41:35.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most caches work as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data is requested, retrieved and stored in the cache&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data is displayed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next time data is requested the cache is checked if it has data, its max lifetime is checked, if cache is still valid data is displayed from cache, else data is retrieved again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here some steps to check the above described cache is working&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cached: Check data is cached&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change data in source database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request data and verify old data is still shown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lifetime: Check data cache is invalid after X time&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for max lifetime and check changes are again retrieved on a request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database connection: Verify second request does not go to database, check database logs/profiler or network traffic with a monitoring tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would test that the cache is working, not in all situations like corrupt data, partial data loads due to network problems, etcs...come up with your own testcases from here on ;-) What else you need to test greatly depends on the implementation of the cache and what the goal of the cache is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T07:41:35.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22590" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-15T09:54:21.470" Score="1" ViewCount="4336" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;int&lt;/code&gt; value inside the bold span class is a count of results, which will vary. I want to find it so I can validate it against a database &lt;code&gt;get&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;baseline float-left blocking-rule-table__extra-header-text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;bold&quot;&amp;gt;20&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; Results&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21426" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-09-16T11:29:49.100" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T03:50:29.600" Title="how to find int value within span class Selenium C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22591" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-15T09:56:30.187" Score="1" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the code below for my HTML, but my problem is selecting the specific WebElement (&lt;strong&gt;th&lt;/strong&gt;) for my automation to click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;datatable-buttons_wrapper&quot; class=&quot;dataTables_wrapper form-inline dt-bootstrap no-footer&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;dt-buttons btn-group&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;btn btn-default buttons-selected btn-primary disabled&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-controls=&quot;datatable-buttons&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-edit&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Update Asset Details&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;btn btn-default buttons-selected btn-primary disabled&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-controls=&quot;datatable-buttons&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-hand-o-up&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Assign Asset&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;btn btn-default btn-primary&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-controls=&quot;datatable-buttons&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-file-excel-o&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Export Spreadsheet&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;table id=&quot;datatable-buttons&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;viewAssetTable table table-striped table-bordered dataTable no-footer&quot; role=&quot;grid&quot; aria-describedby=&quot;datatable-buttons_info&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;thead&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;10%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Asset No.  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=asset_number&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=asset_number&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Asset No. &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Asset Type  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=AssetType.asset_type_name&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=AssetType.asset_type_name&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Asset Type &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Model  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=model&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=model&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Model &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Serial No.  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=serial_num&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=serial_num&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Serial No. &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Bundle No.  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=bundle_asset_id&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=bundle_asset_id&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Bundle No. &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Status  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=AssetStatus.asset_status_name&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=AssetStatus.asset_status_name&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Status &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Status Effective Date  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=status_effectivity_date&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=status_effectivity_date&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Status Effective Date &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;User  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=Employee.employee_name&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=Employee.employee_name&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;User &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Location  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=Location.location_name&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=Location.location_name&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Location &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Location Remarks  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=location_remarks&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=location_remarks&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Location Remarks &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th width=&quot;9%&quot; class=&quot;sorting_disabled&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;Last Inventory  &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a data-url=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=last_audit_date&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; href=&quot;/basket_uat/view-asset/search-asset?poNum=&amp;amp;amp;controlNum=&amp;amp;amp;bundleNum=&amp;amp;amp;warrantyEndDate=&amp;amp;amp;acquisitionDate=&amp;amp;amp;employeeName=&amp;amp;amp;salesInvoice=&amp;amp;amp;deliveryReceipt=&amp;amp;amp;model=&amp;amp;amp;serialNum=&amp;amp;amp;marketCircle=&amp;amp;amp;project=&amp;amp;amp;page=3&amp;amp;amp;sort=last_audit_date&amp;amp;amp;direction=asc&quot; class=&quot;data-reload&quot;&amp;gt;Last Inventory &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-sort&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th class=&quot;hide sorting&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-controls=&quot;datatable-buttons&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;: activate to sort column ascending&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;th class=&quot;hide sorting&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-controls=&quot;datatable-buttons&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot; aria-label=&quot;: activate to sort column ascending&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA; 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   &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_location td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;PICUP4FCA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Best&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_inventory td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide asset_id&quot;&amp;gt;23&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide can_be_parent&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;even&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;th scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;asset_number td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;AN20160913103059&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Desktop&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Dell 0604&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;SN60609072016&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;bundle_asset_id td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_status &quot;&amp;gt;Assigned Permanent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;status_effectivity td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-10&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_user td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;Admin Manager&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_location td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;PICUP4FCA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Best&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_inventory td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide asset_id&quot;&amp;gt;24&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide can_be_parent&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;odd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;th scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;asset_number td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;AN20160913104139&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Desktop&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Dell 0604&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;SN60609072016&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;bundle_asset_id td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_status &quot;&amp;gt;Assigned Permanent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;status_effectivity td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-10&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_user td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;Admin Manager&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_location td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;PICUP4FCA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Best&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_inventory td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide asset_id&quot;&amp;gt;25&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide can_be_parent&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;even&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;th scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;asset_number td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;AN20160913110714&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Desktop&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Dell 0604&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;SN60609072016&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;bundle_asset_id td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_status &quot;&amp;gt;Assigned Permanent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;status_effectivity td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-10&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_user td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;Admin Manager&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_location td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;PICUP4FCA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Best&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_inventory td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide asset_id&quot;&amp;gt;26&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide can_be_parent&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;odd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;th scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;asset_number td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;AN20160913110915&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Desktop&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Dell 0604&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;SN60609072016&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;bundle_asset_id td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_status &quot;&amp;gt;Assigned Permanent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;status_effectivity td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-10&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_user td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;Admin Manager&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_location td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;PICUP4FCA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Best&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_inventory td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide asset_id&quot;&amp;gt;27&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide can_be_parent&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;even&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;th scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;asset_number td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;AN20160913111125&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Desktop&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Dell 0604&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;SN60609072016&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;bundle_asset_id td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_status &quot;&amp;gt;Assigned Permanent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;status_effectivity td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-10&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_user td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;Admin Manager&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_location td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;PICUP4FCA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Best&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_inventory td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide asset_id&quot;&amp;gt;28&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide can_be_parent&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;odd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;th scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;asset_number td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;AN20160913111946&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Desktop&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Dell 0604&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;SN60609072016&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;bundle_asset_id td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_status &quot;&amp;gt;Assigned Permanent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;status_effectivity td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-10&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_user td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;Admin Manager&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_location td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;PICUP4FCA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Best&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_inventory td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide asset_id&quot;&amp;gt;29&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide can_be_parent&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;even&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;th scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;asset_number td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;AN20160913114152&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Desktop&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Dell 0604&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;SN60609072016&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;bundle_asset_id td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_status &quot;&amp;gt;Assigned Permanent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;status_effectivity td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-10&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_user td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;Admin Manager&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_location td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;PICUP4FCA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Best&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;asset_inventory td-clickable&quot;&amp;gt;2016-09-12&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide asset_id&quot;&amp;gt;30&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;hide can_be_parent&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I have tried so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String selectedAsset = dataTable.getData(&quot;AssetNumberToUpdate&quot;);&#xA;WebElement selectedAssetWE = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//th[contains(.,'&quot; + selectedAsset + &quot;')]&quot;));&#xA;selectedAssetWE.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no problem clicking other web element in my automation but with this scenario I can't really seems to click it. I have a feeling that my problem lies in my Xpath. I'm not quiet experienced in Xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The &quot;AssetNumberToUpdate&quot; is basically the column of my excel file where my specific TH's text is stored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21427" LastEditorUserId="21427" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T12:33:46.370" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T12:33:46.370" Title="Selecting WebElement with specific text from variable" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22592" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-15T09:58:18.560" Score="1" ViewCount="896" Body="&lt;p&gt;After researching the web, I haven't found a clear explanation and example of the difference between &lt;code&gt;All-pairs table&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;orthogonal array&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone provide one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21413" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T02:41:53.917" Title="All-pairs table vs orthogonal array" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;pairwise-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22562" CreationDate="2016-09-15T10:02:14.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it mandatory&lt;/strong&gt; for you &lt;strong&gt;to close browser&lt;/strong&gt; after first test really? when you need browser for second &amp;amp; immediate next test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If possible avoid just closing and opening browser if there is not such a requirement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the driver.close() and driver.quit()&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;driver.close() will close the current window and driver instance will be present&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;driver.quit() will close all the windows and cleans up the driver instance too&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To resolve your error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agree with Niels, Lets see if increase in wait will work&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do not close browser after each tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T10:02:14.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22584" CreationDate="2016-09-15T10:11:24.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a small base project on GitHub written in Java and using Maven.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look, it might be a good starting point for you;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ECiurleo/webdriverBase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/ECiurleo/webdriverBase&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T10:11:24.963" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22569" CreationDate="2016-09-15T10:13:08.153" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a state diagram and its corresponding state table:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mopi1.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mopi1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;state-diagram&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1Fhy6.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1Fhy6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;state-table&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is pretty much self-explanatory now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'E' from state 'S2' is valid&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  'E' from state 'S3' is invalid&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, the problem with your question is the table format.  There is no way to guess what comes under 'F'.  Also, under 'A', there are too many parameters even if we move out the first column.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i copy the table provided in this answer and remove the intermediate blank cell spaces, I get the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A   B   C   D   E   F&#xA;SS  S1                  &#xA;S1  S2              &#xA;S2  S3  S1  ES&#xA;S3  ES      &#xA;ES                      &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, it is not possible to figure out the right answer using this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2862" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T10:13:08.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22602" CreationDate="2016-09-15T10:29:16.767" Score="4" ViewCount="521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working in test automation for the last 10 years. The problem that keeps coming up and surprisingly is still unresolved is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can we programmatically update locators on UI Change in UI test automation?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I mean is, automation teams need to run automation suites periodically, and many test scripts fail because of locator changes, not because of &lt;em&gt;Application changes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can we make a general algorithm to update an locator automatically based on some structure of the DOM or some other logic?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing that, we could run that piece of code before the actual automation suite, in order to identify and isolate locator issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way we can remove unnecessary overhead of running a large automation suite and analyzing it painfully only to find that all we found are locator changes, not any application issues. And finally manually updating all the failed locators with new ones using tools like Developer tools/firebug to find out new ones and manually changing them in the code which is generally the case with most of automation teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone worked with/implemented any solution for such situations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2019-05-13T10:00:51.627" LastActivityDate="2019-05-13T10:00:51.627" Title="Can we programmatically update locators on UI Change in UI test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22591" CreationDate="2016-09-15T10:35:53.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generic answer to figure out this and any future XPath locators you might struggle with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debug your code to get the fully constructed XPath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open your test page with Chrome and open Developer Tools (F12)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the console, type &lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;your xpath here&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the results to see if it leads to the correct element. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If not, adjust Xpath until it does.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Free protip: you can use the same technique for Css locators using &lt;code&gt;$$()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T10:35:53.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22562" CreationDate="2016-09-15T10:41:38.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears that your browsers arn't closing gracefully or conflicting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My initial suggestion would be to shift your browser handling into a TestBase or similar class. Each of your test scrips can then call it.  This will eliminate the potential for conflicts to occur as you are handling browser instances from one place. And also makes it easier to maintain moving forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;        public void init() {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(this.waitSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;            wait=new WebDriverWait(driver, waitSeconds);&#xA;            maximizeWindow();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When closing, I would then use a small check of the status of the browser before running the .quit().  Again this stops trying to close something that isn't there!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    public void driverQuitter(){&#xA;        if(driver != null){&#xA;            logger.info(&quot;Closing browser after TestClass&quot;);&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;        }else{&#xA;            logger.error(&quot;Driver is null at AfterClass (TestBase)&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;Teardown - Exiting&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T10:41:38.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22599" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-15T11:10:02.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;MSTest is a command line utility from Microsoft that executes unit tests created in Visual Studio 2005, 2008, 2010 and is still available for backwards compatibility with older versions in Visual Studio 2012 and 2013.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;mstest.exe&lt;/code&gt; it is possible run automated Web performance and load tests from the command line either locally or by using a test controller or test agents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;MSTest.exe&lt;/code&gt;, the automated test results from your test runs can be saved and viewed from the command line to your Team Foundation Server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T12:41:02.987" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T12:41:02.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22600" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-15T11:10:02.930" Score="0" Body="MSTest is a command line utility from Microsoft that executes unit tests created in Visual Studio 2005, 2008, 2010 and is still available for backwards compatibility with older versions in Visual Studio 2012 and 2013." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-15T12:41:05.607" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T12:41:05.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22596" CreationDate="2016-09-15T12:22:54.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The application code should use the same locator as the test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In stead of centralizing the locators in &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;POM's&lt;/a&gt; I would also centralize things as Labels and ID's in shared code between tests and applications. Meaning the POM's locators would get their data from a shared reference file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to make sure you use a front-end framework where you have enough control over the naming of the DOM objects and its attributes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a localized application you would already have something like this for all the labels anyways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created some proof of concepts for this at my previous employer, but as I mostly work on legacy applications its hard to implement structurally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T12:22:54.850" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22596" CreationDate="2016-09-15T13:09:53.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently work on a solution for exactly this problem (well, more the Problem of not existing identifiers but unknown ID´s are as good as non existing). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is to use Seleniums &lt;code&gt;getCurrentURL()&lt;/code&gt; method to get the source code, use a HTML parser library like &lt;code&gt;JSoup&lt;/code&gt; to split it into nodes and add an dummy class signed with a trigonometric identity calculated from it´s position on the Screen (a calculable constant on the application I work on since the PM's are quite adamant on not messing with the UI, might not work for you but that´s where your creativity `comes into play) to every single node and passing it into the Website using the JavaScriptExecuter class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes it therefore easy to locate the element using &lt;code&gt;findElement(By.className())&lt;/code&gt; but has a tendency of breaking Javascript in the side in course of the passing through JS process since it needs to be passed as an inline Script and therefor any &quot; needs to be replaced with an '. Since HTML is often messy this can end in dead functions falsifying your results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think that I need to tell you that this is a very bad idea to do and only feasible in absolute emergencies where &lt;strong&gt;anything&lt;/strong&gt; else won´t work (and I'm talking about the &quot;I prayed to the gods of chaos and sacrificed a lamb over my keyboard&quot; kind of anything). I can provide the code I currently have if you want to but I won't take any responsibility for the world ending or your Test breaking (both are legit possibilities) because of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:28:18.403" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:28:18.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22603" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22628" CreationDate="2016-09-15T13:31:02.827" Score="2" ViewCount="8750" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have got question below in a mock exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Which of the following series of state transitions below will provide&#xA;  0-switch coverage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does switch coverage mean? I have found that this is a part of State Transition Testing and 0-switch(branch coverage) coverage is to execute each loop once, but couldn't see background logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Solution is A, B, E, B, C, F, F, but it isn't important in this case.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21148" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T21:38:37.570" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T21:38:37.570" Title="Switch coverage in use" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22590" CreationDate="2016-09-15T14:50:33.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know selenium with java.&#xA;I don't know the selenium in c#, but still crux would still be the same. You should use &lt;code&gt;FindElement&lt;/code&gt; by xpath then use the &lt;code&gt;Text&lt;/code&gt; property to get the value. That would be in String. Use &lt;code&gt;TryParse&lt;/code&gt; to convert to integer value if it is an integer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String t=ext.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;'.//*[@id='primary']/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/span&quot;)).Text;&#xA;int value = 0;&#xA;int.TryParse(t, out value);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-09-16T11:35:03.997" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T11:35:03.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22605" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-15T15:38:04.280" Score="0" ViewCount="404" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium 2.53.6 and Chrome webdriver so I may have overlooked something very simple.  I need to copy the source code of a CMS page in Python 3.3.6 webdriver.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried &lt;code&gt;page_source&lt;/code&gt; and it doesn't do what I need to have done.  However, I can get the page open in webdriver and it is showing the source code but I haven't been able to select the content and copy it to the clipboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am on a Mac OS X 10.10.5 so I used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ActionChains(driver).key_down(Keys.COMMAND).send_keys('a').key_up(Keys.COMMAND).perform()&#xA;ActionChains(driver).key_down(Keys.COMMAND).send_keys('c').key_up(Keys.COMMAND).perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the only thing that happened was I got an &quot;a&quot; and a &quot;c&quot; passed to the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using the context menu of the finder and I can get it to show but can''t get it to select the &quot;select all&quot; option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;btn = driver.wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, &quot;//textarea[@key='postBody']&quot;)))&#xA;actionChains = ActionChains(driver)&#xA;&#xA;action = actionChains.context_click(btn).perform()&#xA;links = action.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, &quot;Select All&quot;)&#xA;links.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the above code I get this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;expertsBrazil2webdriver.py&quot;, line 80, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;links = action.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, &quot;Select All&quot;)&#xA;AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'find_element'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So please tell me a workable approach to get Webdriver to copy the content of the page to the clipboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21431" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:37:20.100" LastActivityDate="2018-08-13T19:53:08.160" Title="Need To Copy Source Code of CMS Page in Python Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22576" CreationDate="2016-09-15T21:18:41.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say, yes, you are right, it's always just verifying a requirement with a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't have to come from a client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd say the term &lt;em&gt;use case testing&lt;/em&gt; helps to define the level or granularity of your testing. I'd put it in the following diagram below &amp;quot;requirements and architecture&amp;quot; and above &amp;quot;detailed design&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4SD9I.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4SD9I.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Image source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-Model_(software_development)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia V-Model&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Internet sources&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you googled before asking the question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seem to be definitions for it. Here is one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use case testing is a technique that helps us identify test cases that&#xA;exercise the whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from&#xA;start to finish. They are described by Ivar Jacobson in his book&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Object-Oriented Software Engineering: A Use Case Driven Approach&#xA;[Jacobson, 1992]&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-use-case-testing-in-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB exam certification: What is Use case testing in software testing?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is another one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Case Testing is a functional black box testing technique that&#xA;helps testers to identify test scenarios that exercise the whole&#xA;system on each transaction basis from start to finish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/use_case_testing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tutorialpoint: What is Use case testing?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9118" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-09-15T21:18:41.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22608" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22612" CreationDate="2016-09-16T04:43:27.457" Score="1" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package java.util;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;&#xA;import org.testng.AssertJUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import java.util.webdriver.WebDriverFactory;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;/** Base class for all the test classes */&#xA;public class TestBase&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    public WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public String gridHubUrl;&#xA;    public Browser browser;&#xA;    public int waitSeconds;&#xA;    public EnvironmentDetailsConfig testURLs;&#xA;    public WebDriverFactory WebDriverFactory;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    /** Before */&#xA;    @Parameters({&quot;browser&quot;, &quot;waitSeconds&quot;, &quot;environment&quot;, &quot;maxInstances&quot;, &quot;maxSession&quot; })&#xA;    @BeforeClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    public void init(@Optional(&quot;firefox&quot;) String browserName, @Optional(&quot;30&quot;) int waitSeconds, @Optional(&quot;dev&quot;) String environment, @Optional(&quot;1&quot;) String maxInstances, @Optional(&quot;1&quot;) String maxSession)&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Check for non-existent parameters and defaults set&#xA;        System.err.println(&quot;Entering init&quot;);&#xA;        testURLs = new EnvironmentDetailsConfig(EnvironmentDetailsConfig.NameOfEnvironment.valueOf(environment.toUpperCase()));&#xA;        gridHubUrl = PropertyLoader.loadProperty(&quot;grid2.hub&quot;);&#xA;        this.waitSeconds = waitSeconds;&#xA;        browser = new Browser();&#xA;        browser.setName(browserName);&#xA;        browser.setVersion(PropertyLoader.loadProperty(&quot;browser.version&quot;));&#xA;        browser.setPlatform(PropertyLoader.loadProperty(&quot;browser.platform&quot;));&#xA;        browser.setMaxInstances(PropertyLoader.loadProperty(&quot;browser.maxInstances&quot;));&#xA;        browser.setMaxSession(PropertyLoader.loadProperty(&quot;browser.maxSession&quot;));&#xA;        driver = WebDriverFactory.getInstance(gridHubUrl, browser);&#xA;        System.err.println(&quot;Exiting init&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //clear cookies between tests for a clean base on which to run the tests&#xA;    @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    public void clearCookies() {&#xA;        if (driver == null) {&#xA;            driver = WebDriverFactory.getInstance(gridHubUrl, browser);&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(this.waitSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        }&#xA;        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;        System.err.println(&quot;Cookies Cleared&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Make sure everything is closed at the end of the tests.&#xA;    @AfterMethod&#xA;    @AfterClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    public void tearDown()&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (driver != null)&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;        System.err.println(&quot;Teardown - Exiting&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    ////////////////////////////////////////////////&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public void gotoBaseURL() {&#xA;        driver.get(testURLs.WEBAPP_URL);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    //Locator Methods&#xA;    public boolean isElementPresent(By by) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            driver.findElement(by);&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void switchTab() {&#xA;        ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; tabs = new ArrayList (driver.getWindowHandles());&#xA;        System.out.println(tabs.size());&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(tabs.get(1));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Input methods&#xA;    public void type(By by, String testdata) {&#xA;        driver.findElement(by).clear();&#xA;        driver.findElement(by).sendKeys(testdata);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //action methods&#xA;    public void click(By locator) {&#xA;        driver.findElement(locator).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /** Assertions */&#xA;    public boolean isLoaded() {&#xA;&#xA;        //Wait for Page to Load&#xA;        System.err.println(&quot;Page Loading&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        System.err.println(&quot;Page Loaded&quot;);&#xA;        System.err.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());&#xA;&#xA;        /* Check to see if a 404 error page is loaded*/&#xA;        AssertJUnit.assertFalse(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;We are sorry, that page has not been found&quot;), &quot;A 404 error page has been returned for &quot; + this.getClass().getSimpleName());&#xA;&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code can anyone tell me what the error is?&#xA;the error is in &lt;code&gt;@optional annotation&lt;/code&gt;. I am doing a simple login credential using &lt;code&gt;page object model&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-09-16T06:18:19.317" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T07:43:23.120" Title="Error in my page" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-09-16T11:28:18.937" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22631" CreationDate="2016-09-16T04:47:22.487" Score="3" ViewCount="10468" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used Json Path Extractor to extract value of Cid. The value is 1034. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I pass this variable to next HTTP request it goes like [1034]. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, how to remove these [] square brackets and pass only the numeric value to the next HTTP Request?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="21451" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T03:54:57.677" LastActivityDate="2018-11-15T12:28:01.763" Title="How to remove square brackets [] after extracting response using json path extractor?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22611" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-16T07:05:25.650" Score="2" ViewCount="286" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I learn-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nodes are the Selenium instances that will execute the tests that you loaded on the hub.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this means, on a &lt;code&gt;node&lt;/code&gt; which runs 5 browsers on a particular OS has basically 5 nodes to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please explain...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T07:54:29.630" Title="What is node in Selenium Webdriver GRID?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22608" CreationDate="2016-09-16T07:43:23.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Parameters can be declared optional with the &lt;code&gt;Optional&lt;/code&gt; annotation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Parameters(&quot;db&quot;)&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testNonExistentParameter(@Optional(&quot;mysql&quot;) String db) { ... }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If no parameter named &quot;db&quot; is found in your &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; file, your test method will receive the default value specified inside the &lt;code&gt;@Optional&lt;/code&gt; annotation: &quot;mysql&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Read TestNG Documentation&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T07:43:23.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22611" CreationDate="2016-09-16T07:54:29.630" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Selenium Grid &lt;em&gt;node&lt;/em&gt; is a computer system (virtual or physical) that is connected to a Selenium Grid &lt;em&gt;hub&lt;/em&gt;. If you have 5 different browsers installed on a node it is still is just one node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per node you can specify the maximum number of browser sessions that can be run in parallel on the node, this to manage and prevent the node running out of memory, cpu, network bandwith, etc...and becoming slow or even crashing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When ever you start a test sessions against the hub, the hub will check the nodes to see if a node has a free sessions slot and if so start the test there. It is possible to specify which browser and operating system the sessions has to run on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the documentation here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Definition of node&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Selenium uses the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node_(computer_science)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;standard definition of node as on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A node is a basic unit used in computer science. Nodes are devices or&#xA;  data points on a larger network. Devices such as a personal computer,&#xA;  cell phone, or printer are nodes. When defining nodes on the internet,&#xA;  a node is anything that has an IP address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nodes are typically a computer in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_cluster&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;clustered computer systems&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T07:54:29.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22075" CreationDate="2016-09-16T11:42:55.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The implementation of &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/ExpectedConditions.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;textToBePresentInElement&lt;/a&gt; is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public static ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt; textToBePresentInElement(&#xA;    final WebElement element, final String text) {&#xA;&#xA;    return new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;      @Override&#xA;      public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;          String elementText = element.getText();&#xA;          return elementText.contains(text);&#xA;        } catch (StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;          return null;&#xA;        }&#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;      @Override&#xA;      public String toString() {&#xA;        return String.format(&quot;text ('%s') to be present in element %s&quot;, text, element);&#xA;      }&#xA;    };&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you create a new implementation like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public static ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt; loweredTextToBePresentInElement(&#xA;    final WebElement element, final String text) {&#xA;&#xA;    return new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;      @Override&#xA;      public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;          String elementText = element.getText().toLowerCase();&#xA;          return elementText.contains(text.toLowerCase());&#xA;        } catch (StaleElementReferenceException e) {&#xA;          return null;&#xA;        }&#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;      @Override&#xA;      public String toString() {&#xA;        return String.format(&quot;text ('%s') to be present in element %s&quot;, text, element);&#xA;      }&#xA;    };&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And use the new implementation it will ignore the case of the text sent in and work as desired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T11:05:56.833" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T11:05:56.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22616" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-16T12:16:34.087" Score="0" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose we have 25 radio buttons and if we click 1 to 3 radio buttons it should move to some other page  and if we click 4 to 8 radio buttons it needs to move some other page &#xA;and if we click 9 to 13 radio buttons it needs to move some other page and if we click 14 to 18 radio buttons it needs to move some other page and above 18 some other page.. &#xA;What are the maximum test cases can we write for this scenario...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21444" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T12:00:37.777" Title="Question in an interview" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22620" CreationDate="2016-09-16T12:24:11.640" Score="1" ViewCount="1369" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to access the div element by it's content (which is text) using the xpath, but it's not able to find the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a number of td items:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;listitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;cellDark&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;WIDTH:52px;OVERFLOW:hidden;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;WIDTH:48px;&quot; cellclipdiv=&quot;true&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;TRY&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr role=&quot;listitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;cellDark&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;WIDTH:52px;OVERFLOW:hidden;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;WIDTH:48px;&quot; cellclipdiv=&quot;true&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;COL&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to click on the TRY div element. It actually appears in a dropdown (which doesn't have any unique identifiers in it - ID or class or anything). They change dynamically, so I have to rely on the text only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried using this approach to find the TRY div element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[contains(text(), 'TRY')]&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[contains(text(), 'TRY')]&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this results into following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ElementNotVisibleException: Message: Element is not currently visible&#xA;  and so may not be interacted with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21446" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:37:14.193" Title="Selenium unable to identify div element" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22576" CreationDate="2016-09-16T12:51:37.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference is in the mentality. When you're testing against a requirement, you're performing a very black-and-white process: either the requirement was met, or it wasn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're using a Use Case to guide your testing, you're constructing a scenario that describes how a potential end-user might use the product you're testing. This mentality shift helps you take a broader view of the product, hopefully helping you to find a more diverse set of defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, a requirement is often defined as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The application must have a login screen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas a use case is normally defined more like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A user should be able to log in and view their previous actions on our website&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second case, since you're following the mindset of a user who has a specific goal, you're much more concerned with how the system will be used rather than &quot;does it tick all the boxes we've been asked to tick&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T12:51:37.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22617" CreationDate="2016-09-16T12:58:39.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because you are trying to access an element which &lt;em&gt;hasn't been loaded yet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to first access the dropdown menu in order to activate the elements inside the dropdown list. After that the XPath you have mentioned will work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[contains(text(), 'TRY')]&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21447" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:37:14.193" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:37:14.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22621" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-16T15:08:48.383" Score="1" ViewCount="21756" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to find the Xpath, where the Text contains two names. I want my xpath to identify any one of the conditions below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[text()='USER NAME' OR text()='USER ID']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[text()='USER NAME' | text()='USER ID']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can i use like above, Actually both are not working. Please help me with identification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T13:35:32.667" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T16:35:17.833" Title="Or Conditions in Xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22621" CreationDate="2016-09-16T15:20:18.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; in the xpath with the common &lt;em&gt;String&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;code&gt;USER&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; xpath=//div[contains(@title,&quot;title&quot;)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the link to know more-&lt;a href=&quot;http://automationtricks.blogspot.in/search/label/xpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://automationtricks.blogspot.in/search/label/xpath&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T15:20:18.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22621" CreationDate="2016-09-16T15:26:50.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;XPath definitely supports &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/#NT-OrExpr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OR expressions&lt;/a&gt;.  It is also case-sensitive.  Use &lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; rather than &lt;code&gt;TEXT()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;or&lt;/code&gt; rather than &lt;code&gt;OR&lt;/code&gt;.  You didn't show us the HTML fragment, so I can't tell whether you really want 'USER NAME' or 'user name' or 'User name'.  You will have to figure that out for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //div[text()='USER NAME' or text()='USER ID']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you run into problems like this, go the web page you are interested in and open up the browser debugger.  You can probably experiment with XPath expressions there.  In the Chrome debugger, you can use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(expression goes here)&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;//div[text()='USER NAME' or text()='USER ID']&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T07:39:00.820" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T07:39:00.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22616" CreationDate="2016-09-16T17:57:58.560" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;During an interview, it is important to ask questions. From what you have described, I have come up with an abstract diagram:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m3GqQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m3GqQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Abstract diagram&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your question, you could have asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From management perspective, how much time do we have to write test cases? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From business perspective, does each of the page have equal business value?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From technical perspective, what does &quot;click 1~3 buttons it should move to some other page&quot; mean? Do we need to click button 1 OR button 2 OR button 3 in order to navigate to a page or do we need to click button 1, 2 and 3 in order to navigate to a page?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From technical perspective, can you navigate back and forth? If you can, how? E.g. what is the layout of this webpage / application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case the interviewer does not answer any questions, then you will need to make assumptions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; the answer that you come up with matters, it is &lt;strong&gt;HOW&lt;/strong&gt; you come up with your answer. So state your assumptions and then describe your test cases to them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is a sample scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lW1kI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lW1kI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We start from the page in the middle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can navigate to five different pages by providing different button combinations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can always see button 1~25 all the time, e.g. we can navigate to other pages from any page by providing button combinations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page navigation tests, from page 0 to page 1, from page 0 to page 2......; from page 1 to page 2, page 1 to page 3......; from page 2 to page 1, from page 2 to page 3 ...... In total, there will be 5 + 4*5 = 25 test scenarios. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming we need to click all radio buttons in order to navigate (I really do not see why can navigate by checking only 1 radio button).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T17:57:58.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22625" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22629" CreationDate="2016-09-16T21:12:07.890" Score="3" ViewCount="632" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am the only QA with 9 developers dealing with about 60 applications using different technologies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I needed to automate our apps. I have written some selenium scripts already but I stopped and contemplate about which kind of Framework I should be using before I would go further in my script creation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking to &lt;code&gt;SpecFlow&lt;/code&gt; to use for &lt;strong&gt;BDD&lt;/strong&gt;. As I was looking into it, this would be very beneficial with BA to developers to stakeholders and manual QA. Since I only have this small team, is it advisable to go on with &lt;strong&gt;BDD&lt;/strong&gt;?&#xA;I have heard of test driven development but I am not really sure how our automation framework would be called.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T21:07:26.947" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T19:29:08.093" Title="Behavioral Driven Framework vs Test Driven Development" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20287" CreationDate="2016-09-16T21:43:14.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may not be the kind of solution that you have in mind, and is likely not cannonical, but I have solved a similar issue by using environment variables. For example you could do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import os&#xA;&#xA;def test_web_interface(self):&#xA;    self.driver.get(DEST_URL)&#xA;    platform = os.environ['TEST_PLATFORM']&#xA;    titles = {&#xA;        'centos': 'Apache HTTP Server Test Page powered by CentOS',&#xA;        'debian': 'Apache2 Debian Default Page: It works'&#xA;    }&#xA;    self.assertIn(titles.get('platform'), self.driver.title)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you can add more platforms if necessary, and all you need to do is set the environment variable in a config or elsewhere on each platform:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import os&#xA;os.environ['TEST_PLATFORM'] = 'whatever_platform'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21449" LastActivityDate="2016-09-16T21:43:14.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22603" CreationDate="2016-09-17T00:33:21.790" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chow's switch coverage describes how you cover a state transition model.  A &quot;switch&quot; in this context is a state in between your beginning state and your end state in your traversal of the model.   So 0-switch coverage means that you exercise every direct transition possible in the model.  1-switch coverage means you allow one state between your start and end state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a very simple example, say A-&gt;B-&gt;C-&gt;D, 0-switch coverage would be A-&gt;B, B-&gt;C, and C-&gt;D.  1-switch coverage would be A-&gt;B-&gt;C and B-&gt;C-&gt;D.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastActivityDate="2016-09-17T00:33:21.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22625" CreationDate="2016-09-17T02:33:55.343" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on lots of factors and there will be tradeoffs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD does introduce few benefits, for specifics, please refer to this article on wikipeida. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;BDD on Wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on my personal experiences, there are a few issues you need to address before converting to BDD.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those issues are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD framework uses a high level, English like syntax. You will need to spend time and effort to learn a new programming language basically, is your company willing to spend this kind of resource?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD framework I have used, such as Robot Framework, has its own flaws. It is free to use, but due to its open source nature, support can be slow and can be out of support any time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot framework on several occasions, does not allow you to perform a more crude action. If you compare assembly language and C#, C# is of a higher level, but it does not allow you to easily manipulate memory bits; this applies to BDD frameworks as well, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;occasionally&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, you can not do something crude as freely as you can with Selenium (in your case). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The biggest benefits of introducing BDD is that BAs, without technical background, can understand test cases with easy, and sometime, can even write test cases with minimum training, but the questions is, do BAs of your company want to write test cases? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As you are the only tester in your team, you can always translate technical details into English for BAs to understand and you will be the person who does test case development. As long as you can understand your scripts, BAs can alwasy go and talk to you should they have any questions. There is not much value start fresh using a BDD framework, in my personal opinion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-09-17T02:33:55.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22609" CreationDate="2016-09-17T08:44:16.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you're using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JSONPathExtractor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON Path Extractor&lt;/a&gt; here are the options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add &lt;code&gt;[0]&lt;/code&gt; to your JSON Path query&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;access extracted value as &lt;code&gt;${Cid_1}&lt;/code&gt; (given you use &lt;code&gt;Cid&lt;/code&gt; as a &quot;Reference Name&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &quot;JSON Arrays&quot; chapter of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-usage-json-path-extractor-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Advanced Usage of the JSON Path Extractor in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide for details&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're using JSON Path PostProcessor you can control the match group via &quot;Match Numbers&quot; input.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see resulting variable(s) values using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-usage-json-path-extractor-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debug Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener combination. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Vppk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Vppk.png&quot; alt=&quot;JSON Path View Results Tree&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-09-17T08:44:16.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22632" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-17T15:54:11.257" Score="0" ViewCount="377" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem while switching from native view to webview in Android while testing on MAC OS. But the same scripts works fine in windows. In Mac it gives chrome not reachable as a webdriver exception or some times session not found exception. I'm using Appium with Eclipse in Mac. I tried replacing different version of chromedriver but none of them worked. Any solution for this!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19498" LastActivityDate="2021-04-10T09:03:50.353" Title="Switching to webview fail in Android on Mac OS" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22633" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-17T19:02:40.000" Score="1" ViewCount="22586" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium. I have written a simple script using Junit/Selenium that opens a browser, opens a URL and then quits the browser. But the script isn't working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the browser is launched nothing happens after that. I read on-line that maybe I need to add the latest Selenium jar file in the package but that didn't help either!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pack1;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.After;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class TC01 {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;@Before&#xA;public void launchBrowser(){&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void atTest(){&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@After&#xA;public void quitBrowser(){&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="16035" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T06:52:37.530" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T06:00:13.000" Title="Not able to open the URL using the driver.get method in Selenium after launching the Firefox browser?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22633" CreationDate="2016-09-17T19:53:05.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try with this configuration:&#xA;Firefox 47.1&#xA;or&#xA;Firefox ESR 45.3.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/organizations/all/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Firefox ESR download page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().to(&quot;http://sqa.stackexchange.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using maven then try this at pom.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.12&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.53.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to check if all system variables are set properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Ardesco/Selenium-Maven-Template&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;GitHub | Ardesco/Selenium-Maven-Template&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T03:42:56.230" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T03:42:56.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22635" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22637" CreationDate="2016-09-18T01:02:16.267" Score="2" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a new learner of Selenium, after searching for tutorial and references, I found most of them based on Java Language, specially the webdriver part.&#xA;I am good at JavaScript, is that any good for this track ?&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21458" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T14:56:58.013" Title="Is selenium a specific language oriented (like Java)?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22635" CreationDate="2016-09-18T02:52:05.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;For your first question:&#xA;In short, &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;. Selenium isn't binded to one language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am good at JavaScript, is that any good for this track ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;. You can use JavaScript with Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long answer:&#xA;There are many ways to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;em&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;An Introduction to WebDriver Using the JavaScript Bindings&#xA;https://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/an-introduction-to-webdriver-using-the-javascript-bindings--cms-21855&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also check out: &lt;em&gt;WebDriverIO&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Nightwatch&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you would like to get help with it I'll recommend you to try &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumguidebook.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;The Selenium Guidebook JavaScript edition&lt;/em&gt;&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Great book, cheat sheets and video tutorials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeleniumHQ&lt;/a&gt; website for basic information about how WebDriver works :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2016-09-18T02:52:05.533" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22605" CreationDate="2016-09-18T03:43:52.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best solution that I tried was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import sys  &#xA;from PyQt4.QtGui import *  &#xA;from PyQt4.QtCore import *  &#xA;from PyQt4.QtWebKit import *  &#xA;&#xA;class Render(QWebPage):  &#xA;  def __init__(self, url):  &#xA;    self.app = QApplication(sys.argv)  &#xA;    QWebPage.__init__(self)  &#xA;    self.loadFinished.connect(self._loadFinished)  &#xA;    self.mainFrame().load(QUrl(url))  &#xA;    self.app.exec_()  &#xA;&#xA;  def _loadFinished(self, result):  &#xA;    self.frame = self.mainFrame()  &#xA;    self.app.quit()  &#xA;&#xA;url = 'http://webscraping.com'  &#xA;r = Render(url)  &#xA;html = r.frame.toHtml().toUtf8().data()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Credit goes to: &lt;a href=&quot;https://webscraping.com/blog/Scraping-JavaScript-webpages-with-webkit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebScraping&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2016-09-18T03:43:52.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2016-09-18T04:37:59.443" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here you have a full list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;https://github.com/ligurio/free-software-testing-books&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There's a huge list of free books on the topic of software testing. And now we have not only lists with books in English and Russian, but also courses and podcasts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2016-09-18T04:37:59.443" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-09-18T04:37:59.443" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T03:16:17.887" Score="1" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few headless testing using different tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have created a few IDE scripts in Selenium IDE and successfully ported them over to C# in VS2015. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We want to use some of these Selenium scripts (basically captured clicks on many different web elements in several pages as it helps a lot in regression testing) to do some headless like &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/segmentio/nightmare&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;nightmare&lt;/a&gt; or even possibly using &lt;a href=&quot;https://huddle.github.io/Resemble.js/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Resemble.js&lt;/a&gt; to compare images. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was recommended to look into PhantomCSS. Currently, we are testing a combination of legacy products as well as newer apps created in Angular. The selenium scripts had been redone again in VS C# and works very well, but it needs to be headless if possible. The app consists of browsing a site with 100s of pages which displays project/s where the resources are located. When clicked on the icon &gt; the project opens up the location of the project in a map (using google Map API). If possible a screenshot of this project can be captured and compared. Any ideas or suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21466" LastEditorUserId="21466" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T22:28:16.203" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T22:28:16.203" Title="selenium webdriver scripts on phantomcss/ resemblejs or nightmare?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-19T11:37:12.753" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22643" CreationDate="2016-09-19T03:30:34.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on what you have described, a feasible (it may not be the best) approach can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discuss with the project owner(s) regarding which images of which sections have the highest business value, e.g. worth of testing effort.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each element that is to be tested, produce a object model for it, e.g. what element it is? where it is physically on a page? other attributes of interest and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load your page, read the elements, check for their presences, read their current attributes and compare them against what you have written in your object model.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T03:30:34.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22647" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T07:04:10.250" Score="0" ViewCount="298" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import java.net.MalformedURLException;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class Grid_2 &#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseURL,nodeURL;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup() throws MalformedURLException&#xA;{&#xA;    baseURL=&quot;http://54.68.159.204.qmsadm&quot;;&#xA;    nodeURL=&quot;http://192.168.1.120:5566/wd/hub&quot;;&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capability=DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;    capability.setBrowserName(&quot;firefox&quot;);&#xA;    capability.setPlatform(Platform.LINUX);&#xA;    driver=new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(nodeURL),capability);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@AfterTest&#xA;public void afterTest()&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void simpleTest()&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.get(baseURL);&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Qber Admin - A new way of Token System&quot;,driver.getTitle());&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am just running my project using selenium grid. i connected the hub and node. I wrote the test script. And click on run button it display the error message.Here is my error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoSuchMethodError:&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Utils.defaultIfStringEmpty(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.setHost(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:59)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:137)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:57)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T07:13:11.310" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T09:12:02.763" Title="Error in selenium grid simple test script" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22633" CreationDate="2016-09-19T07:18:15.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just try this and give the feedback..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; package pack1;&#xA;&#xA; import org.junit.After;&#xA; import org.junit.Before;&#xA; import org.junit.Test;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class TC01 {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;@Before&#xA;public void launchBrowser(){&#xA;&#xA; System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;   FirefoxDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; @Test&#xA; public void atTest(){&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @After&#xA;  public void quitBrowser(){&#xA;  driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="16035" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T09:11:43.633" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T09:11:43.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22649" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T07:35:40.430" Score="2" ViewCount="32467" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying my hands on selenium these days. When I inspect the element with firebug this is displayed as selected: None&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not able to locate this element that has span element as None&#xA;How do I locate/find this element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T21:24:00.007" Title="How do we locate a span element in selenium that has nothing but text in it?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22649" CreationDate="2016-09-19T07:49:19.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;this could be your help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/22590/how-to-find-int-value-within-span-class-selenium-c/22604#22604&quot;&gt;how to find int value within span class Selenium C#&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;try to bring exact error if possible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T07:49:19.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22649" CreationDate="2016-09-19T08:23:42.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can locate this element via Xpath or Css selector without using its attribute, which it does not have any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@class='chosen-single']/span&#xA;&#xA;a[class='chosen-single'] span &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T08:23:42.333" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22653" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T10:12:02.880" Score="0" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find all the links of a webpage, but the webpage has multiple pop-ups which also contain links which cannot be seen without clicking them first when using inspect element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way where I can get all the links on the webpage with selenium without having to click the pop-ups on the webpage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21475" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T10:14:21.240" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T11:06:05.677" Title="Finding all links on a webpage including those in popup" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22655" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-19T11:50:29.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headless_browser&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Headless browsers&lt;/a&gt; provide automated control of a web page in an environment similar to popular web browsers, but are executed via a command line interface or using network communication. They are particularly useful for testing web pages as they are able to render and understand HTML the same way a browser would, including styling elements such as page layout, colour, font selection and execution of JavaScript and AJAX which are usually not available when using other testing methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T13:02:07.077" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T13:02:07.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22656" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-19T11:50:29.620" Score="0" Body="Questions regarding usage of headless browsers for automation of testing web applications" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T13:02:09.797" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T13:02:09.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22616" CreationDate="2016-09-19T12:00:37.777" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;****I think that correct answer is 5** test cases, because 1 test is for pages 1 ,2 and 3, second test is for pages 4,5,6, 7,8 and so on. This technique is equivalence partitioning.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21477" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T12:00:37.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22649" CreationDate="2016-09-19T12:27:53.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use below snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='id_center_chosen']/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;id_center_chosen\&quot;]/descendant::span[text()='None']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T12:27:53.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22632" CreationDate="2016-09-19T12:31:10.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am &lt;strong&gt;using same environment&lt;/strong&gt; as you described and working fine. Dinesh give a try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; contextNames = ad.getContextHandles();      &#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Context Names:&quot;+contextNames.toString());&#xA;&#xA;String lastestContextView = (String) contextNames.toArray()[contextNames.size()-1];&#xA;&#xA;if (lastestContextView.contains(&quot;WEBVIEW_&quot;))&#xA;{&#xA;    ad.context(lastestContextView);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Latest Context Name&quot;+lastestContextView);&#xA;}                   &#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;ad.context(&quot;NATIVE_APP&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T01:52:16.890" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T01:52:16.890" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22653" CreationDate="2016-09-19T14:08:22.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For finding all links &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List elementList = new ArrayList();&#xA;elementList = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For any action which requires to be done on pop up. You should switch to pop up window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now you have to basically jump to all the pop ups after finding all links on the main page and then you can find the links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For finding &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; which as &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt; means its is not a clickable element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you need code how to find all the pop ups &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21482" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T14:19:26.250" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T14:19:26.250" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22635" CreationDate="2016-09-19T14:56:58.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is written in Java and most examples are in java, but has bindings to many languages, including javascript, so you should be fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When looking for free online resources on the web, Google is your best friend :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are minimal differences between Java and Javascript, learn how to translate java examples to javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, look at Karma, javascript-based testing framework for Angular using selenium (created/supported by Google). All those examples would be in Javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T14:56:58.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22664" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T15:44:58.693" Score="1" ViewCount="920" Body="&lt;p&gt;we are using cucumber JS with sync-reqest to do headless end to end testing of our web app. Each scenario has its own x-correlation-id which is set as one of each call's headers - which makes it easier using kibana to track all the logs issued for each scenario. &#xA;We save three types of log from cucumber - a pretty, a json and all the console.log messages saved to file. Using this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;cucumber-js.cmd -f json:results\cucumber-results.json -f pretty:results\cucumber-results-pretty.txt &gt; results\cucumber-console.log&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correlation ID is saved to the cucumber-console.log but as we log a &lt;em&gt;lot&lt;/em&gt; of stuff to this file, and the file can take a while to arrive in the jenkins build artifacts I would like to add that to the pretty results along with the assertion failure.&#xA;the pretty results are output to the jenkins log when the test run has finished (which is then followed by the UI tests).&#xA;I am trying to understand the hooks but the information out there is either easy to understand and ruby or scarce and JS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7480" LastEditorUserId="7480" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T07:22:45.757" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T21:49:02.030" Title="Cucumber-JS how to modify the information in a failed steps 'Message'" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22665" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T15:45:26.987" Score="0" ViewCount="939" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to limit the number of digits after decimal point, I am trying &lt;strong&gt;&quot;FormatNumber&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; function but it's rounding the last number. Is there any other way to &lt;strong&gt;&quot;FormatNumber&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; with out rounding off&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g: &lt;code&gt;dbNum=&quot;1252.225522658695&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;and I am expecting number should come as &lt;code&gt;&quot;1252.22552265&lt;/code&gt;&quot; means &lt;strong&gt;8 digits after decimal with out rounding off&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T11:38:20.720" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T11:38:20.720" Title="How to Limit the number of decimals with out Rounding off in VBS/UFT" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18201" CreationDate="2016-09-19T16:34:08.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There should only be one element with an ID of &quot;playersList&quot; so you won't get a set of elements from that item.  You first need to grab the outside element, the one with ID and then grab the elements inside that element.  Assuming that this is an un-ordered list it would look like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String playersListItem(int n){&#xA;    WebElement ulElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;playersList&quot;));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; listOfPlayers = ulElement.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;li&quot;));&#xA;    return players.get(n).getText();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T16:34:08.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22668" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-19T18:58:29.073" Score="0" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;A sample of this which is converted from selenium IDE to C#. This is not exactly what it is after converted to run on Visual studio. But the regression tests made change sometimes and  would like to add phantomjs to do headless whenever there is a built change.How to add phantomJS in this instance to ensure that there are no problems? Something simple and yet manageable by most non devs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;region1&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;region3&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;div.row.modal-footer-offset &amp;gt; button.btn.btn-warning&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;div.row.modal-footer-offset &amp;gt; button.btn.btn-primary&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;filter-submit&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;(//a[contains(text(),'Next')])[2]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        // ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [captureEntirePageScreenshot | c:/test/contractDetails2.png | ]]&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Search by Contract&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;item-clear&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;contractSearch&quot;)).Clear();&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;contractSearch&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;d&quot;);&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;filter-submit&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21479" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-09-19T19:28:36.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T21:26:14.903" Title="How to incorporate phantomJS for this selenium code" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14363" CreationDate="2016-09-19T19:33:14.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/apache_poi/apache_poi_quick_guide.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache POI&lt;/a&gt; to read data from Excel using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/apache_poi/apache_poi_spreadsheets.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java&lt;/a&gt; in IBM RFT tool. I am using it to read and write data from/into excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA; 1. Add Apache POI jar in IBM RFT&#xA; 2. Open the test script and write Java code to read/write data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21486" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T19:33:14.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22668" CreationDate="2016-09-19T20:59:11.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you create an instance of your &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; reference.  Instantiate it as a &lt;code&gt;GhostDriver&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;PhantomJSDriver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new PhantomJSDriver();&#xA;&#xA;// Use this as you would any other browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whichever implementation of WebDriver you choose, whether it be ChromeDriver, FirefoxDriver, SafariDriver...  Once you have that &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; reference, the way to use it is exactly the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T20:59:11.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22665" CreationDate="2016-09-19T21:49:39.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is not a specific truncation function in VBScript but you could perform the following if x is your original number and y is the number of digits you wish to truncate to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Int (x * 10 ^ y)/10 ^ y&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastActivityDate="2016-09-19T21:49:39.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22649" CreationDate="2016-09-20T00:26:58.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try contains.Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a/span[contains(text(),'None')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21482" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T00:26:58.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9901" CreationDate="2016-09-20T03:21:15.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Page objects is a well known design pattern, widely accepted by the automation engineers, to create separate class file for each page of the application to group all the elements as properties and their behaviors / business functionalities as methods of the class. But it might not be a great idea always, especially when the page has more / different sets of elements / complex element like a grid / calendar widget / a HTML table etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you try to incorporate all the elements of a page in one single page class, it becomes too big to read, maintain etc. The class might contain too many responsibilities to handle. It should be restructured and broken into smaller classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect my page objects to satisfy the &lt;strong&gt;Single Responsibility Responsible&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testautomationguru.com/arquillian-graphene-page-fragments/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;more info here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10826" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T08:58:46.080" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T08:58:46.080" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22647" CreationDate="2016-09-20T06:46:03.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually this issue come due to version of TestNG Plugin. So please upgrade your TestNG plugin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cbeust/testng-eclipse/blob/master/CHANGES.md#6913&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Change Log of TestNG&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cbeust/testng-eclipse/issues/267&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Issue Reported&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T06:46:03.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22665" CreationDate="2016-09-20T06:49:21.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;bmshort will work for positive numbers but may give wrong output for negative numbers with your example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Fix instead of Int which should work for both positive and negative numbers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim x : x = 1252.225522658695&#xA;Dim y : y = 8&#xA;print Fix (x * 10 ^ y)/10 ^ y&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output &lt;code&gt;1252.22552265&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to change x to &lt;code&gt;-1252.225522658695&lt;/code&gt;, output would be &lt;code&gt;-1252.22552265&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7337" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T06:49:21.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2721" CreationDate="2016-09-20T07:40:18.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-vb prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sub ExportTestCasesFromALM()&#xA;&#xA;Dim wd, QCConnection, sProject, sTestPlanPath, TestFolderPath, strNodeByPath&#xA;&#xA;qcURL = InputBox(&quot;Please enter ALM URL&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;http://alm.optum.com:8080/qcbin&quot;)&#xA;If qcURL = &quot;&quot; Then&#xA;  MsgBox (&quot;ALMURL cannot be blank&quot;)&#xA;  Exit Sub&#xA;End If&#xA;&#xA;sDomain = InputBox(&quot;Please enter your Domain&quot; &amp;amp; vbNewLine &amp;amp; &quot;Eg:CORE_SYSTEMS&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;CORE_SYSTEMS&quot;)&#xA;If sDomain = &quot;&quot; Then&#xA;  MsgBox (&quot;DomainName cannot be blank&quot;)&#xA;  Exit Sub&#xA;End If&#xA;&#xA;sProject = InputBox(&quot;Please enter your ProjectName&quot; &amp;amp; vbNewLine &amp;amp; &quot;Eg:RADC;GCM(As per ALM Project)&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;GCM&quot;)&#xA;If sProject = &quot;&quot; Then&#xA;  MsgBox (&quot;ProjectName cannot be blank&quot;)&#xA;  Exit Sub&#xA;End If&#xA;&#xA;sUser = InputBox(&quot;Please enter your Username&quot; &amp;amp; vbNewLine &amp;amp; &quot;Eg:MSID&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;If sUser = &quot;&quot; Then&#xA;  MsgBox (&quot;UserName cannot be blank&quot;)&#xA;  Exit Sub&#xA;End If&#xA;&#xA;sPass = InputBox(&quot;Please enter your Password&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;sFolderpath = InputBox(&quot;Please enter your ALM Folderpath&quot; &amp;amp; vbNewLine &amp;amp; &quot;&amp;lt;Subject\FolderStructure&amp;gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;Subject\RADC Project\2015\Q2_2015\May&quot;)&#xA;If sFolderpath = &quot;&quot; Then&#xA;  MsgBox (&quot;FolderPath cannot be blank&quot;)&#xA;  Exit Sub&#xA;End If&#xA;&#xA;Set QCConnection = CreateObject(&quot;TDApiOle80.TDConnection&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;QCConnection.InitConnectionEx qcURL&#xA;QCConnection.ConnectProjectEx sDomain, sProject, sUser, sPass&#xA;&#xA;'If (QCConnection.Connected &amp;lt;&amp;gt; True) Then&#xA;'    MsgBox &quot;QC Project Failed to Connect to &quot; &amp;amp; sProject&#xA;  '  WScript.Quit&#xA;'End If&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;sTestPlanPath = &quot;Enter QC Test PlanFolder Path&quot;&#xA;sTestPlanPath = sTestPlanPath &amp;amp; (Chr(13) &amp;amp; Chr(10))&#xA;sTestPlanPath = sTestPlanPath &amp;amp; sFolderpath&#xA;'TestFolderPath = InputBox(sTestPlanPath, &quot;Folder Path&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;'Displays the Test Plan Folder Path&#xA;'MsgBox TestFolderPath&#xA;TestFolderPath = sFolderpath&#xA;'Call ExporttestCases Funtion and Pass Folder Path parameter&#xA;'Call ExportTestCases(TestFolderPath)&#xA;strNodeByPath = TestFolderPath&#xA;&#xA; Dim Excel, Sheet&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    Set Excel = CreateObject(&quot;Excel.Application&quot;) 'Open Excel&#xA;    'Excel.&#xA;    'Excel.WorkBooks.Add() 'Add a new workbook&#xA;    'Get the first worksheet.&#xA;    Set Sheet = ActiveSheet&#xA;&#xA;    'sheet name as Tests&#xA;    'Sheet.Name = &quot;Tests&quot;&#xA;&#xA;'Specify the Excel Sheet Properties&#xA; With Sheet.Range(&quot;A1:H1&quot;)&#xA;        .Font.Name = &quot;Cambria&quot;&#xA;        .Font.FontStyle = &quot;Bold&quot;&#xA;        .Font.Size = 12&#xA;        .Font.Bold = True&#xA;        .HorizontalAlignment = xlCenter&#xA;        .VerticalAlignment = xlCenter&#xA;        .Interior.ColorIndex = 15  'Light Grey'&#xA;    End With&#xA;&#xA;'Excel Sheet Column Header Values&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 1) = &quot;Subject&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 3) = &quot;Description&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 2) = &quot;Test Name&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 4) = &quot;Step Name&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 5) = &quot;Step Description&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 6) = &quot;Expected Result&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 7) = &quot;Level&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 8) = &quot;Designer&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 9) = &quot;Type&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 10) = &quot;TestType&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 11) = &quot;Status&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 12) = &quot;Automation Status&quot;&#xA;    Sheet.Cells(1, 13) = &quot;Active Status&quot;&#xA;   ' Sheet.Cells(1, 9) = &quot;Application ID&quot;&#xA;    ' Sheet.Cells(1, 10) = &quot; Project Identifier&quot;&#xA;    ' Sheet.Cells(1, 11) = &quot;Count&quot;&#xA;    'Sheet.Cells(1, 3) = &quot;Description&quot;&#xA;   ' Sheet.Cells(1, 4) = &quot;Designer &quot;&#xA;    'Sheet.Cells(1, 5) = &quot;Status&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;'Designer&#xA;    'Call PrintFields(TestFactory)&#xA;    Dim TreeMgr, TestTree, TestFactory, TestList&#xA;&#xA;    'Connection to TreeManager which Represents the System tree and containing a subject tree and all hierarchial field trees&#xA;    Set TreeMgr = QCConnection.TreeManager&#xA;&#xA;    'Specify the folder path in TestPlan, all the tests under that folder will be exported.&#xA;&#xA;    'Gets the node at specified TreePath and strNodeByPath is a a Subject\.... folder path&#xA;    Set TestTree = TreeMgr.NodeByPath(strNodeByPath)&#xA;&#xA;    'To Get the a list from all from Node, NewList will bring all the testcases from the perticular node&#xA;    Set TestFactory = TestTree.TestFactory&#xA;    Set TestList = TestFactory.NewList(&quot;&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    'Specify Array to contain all nodes of subject tree.&#xA;    Dim NodesList()&#xA;&#xA;    'To Protect all the Nodes specify as Preserve&#xA;    ReDim Preserve NodesList(0)&#xA;&#xA;    'Assign root node of subject tree as NodeByPath node.&#xA;    NodesList(0) = TestTree.Path&#xA;&#xA;    ' Call sub Getnodes list which will gets subnodes and return list in array NodesList&#xA;    Call GetNodesList(TestTree, NodesList)&#xA;&#xA;    Dim Row, Node, TestCase, Counter&#xA;   'Starts saving Testcases from the 2nd Row&#xA;    Row = 2&#xA;    Counter = 1&#xA;    For Each Node In NodesList&#xA;        Set TestTree = TreeMgr.NodeByPath(Node)&#xA;        Set TestFactory = TestTree.TestFactory&#xA;        Set TestList = TestFactory.NewList(&quot;&quot;) 'Get a list of all from node.&#xA;&#xA;        'Iterate through all the tests.&#xA;        For Each TestCase In TestList&#xA;            Dim DesignStepFactory, DesignStep, DesignStepList&#xA;            Set DesignStepFactory = TestCase.DesignStepFactory&#xA;            Set DesignStepList = DesignStepFactory.NewList(&quot;&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 1).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_SUBJECT&quot;).Path&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 3).Value = stripHTML(TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_DESCRIPTION&quot;))&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 2).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_NAME&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 7).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_USER_01&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 9).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_TYPE&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 10).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_USER_02&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 11).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_STATUS&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 12).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_User_04&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 13).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_User_03&quot;)&#xA;           ' Sheet.Cells(Row, 3).Value = stripHTML(TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_DESCRIPTION&quot;))&#xA;           ' Sheet.Cells(Row, 9).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_User_02&quot;)&#xA;           ' Sheet.Cells(Row, 10).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_User_05&quot;)&#xA;          '   Sheet.Cells(Row, 11).Value = Counter&#xA;             Counter = Counter + 1&#xA;            If DesignStepList.Count = 0 Then&#xA;                'Save a specified set of fields.&#xA;                 Sheet.Cells(Row, 1).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_SUBJECT&quot;).Path&#xA;                 Sheet.Cells(Row, 3).Value = Trim(TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_DESCRIPTION&quot;))&#xA;                Sheet.Cells(Row, 2).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_NAME&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;               'Sheet.Cells(Row, 4).Value = Trim(TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_DESCRIPTION&quot;))&#xA;                 Sheet.Cells(Row, 7).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_USER_01&quot;)&#xA;                Sheet.Cells(Row, 8).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_RESPONSIBLE&quot;)&#xA;               ' Sheet.Cells(Row, 5).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_STATUS&quot;)&#xA;               'Sheet.Cells(Row, 9).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_User_02&quot;)&#xA;               'Sheet.Cells(Row, 10).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_User_05&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;          Row = Row + 1&#xA;            Else&#xA;            Dim replaceString&#xA;            replaceString = vbNewLine &amp;amp; vbNewLine&#xA;                For Each DesignStep In DesignStepList&#xA;                   'Save a specified set of fields.&#xA;                   Sheet.Cells(Row, 1).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_SUBJECT&quot;).Path&#xA;                   'Sheet.Cells(Row, 2).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_DESCRIPTION&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 4).Value = stripHTML(DesignStep.StepName)&#xA;                    'Sheet.Cells(Row, 4).Value = Trim(stripHTML(DesignStep.StepDescription))&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 5).Value = Replace(Trim(stripHTML(DesignStep.StepDescription)), replaceString, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;                     'Sheet.Cells(Row, 4).Value = Trim(Sheet.Cells(Row, 4).Value)&#xA;                    'Save the specified design steps.&#xA;                    'Sheet.Cells(Row, 5).Value = stripHTML(DesignStep.StepExpectedResult)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 6).Value = Replace(Trim(stripHTML(DesignStep.StepExpectedResult)), replaceString, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;                  'Sheet.Cells(Row, 7).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_USER_01&quot;)&#xA;                    Sheet.Cells(Row, 8).Value = TestCase.Field(&quot;TS_RESPONSIBLE&quot;)&#xA;                    Row = Row + 1&#xA;&#xA;                Next&#xA;            End If&#xA;        Next&#xA;    Next&#xA;&#xA;    'Call PrintFields(DesignStepFactory)&#xA;&#xA;    'Excel.Columns.AutoFit&#xA;&#xA;    'Set the Column width for the following columns.&#xA;    'Excel.Columns(&quot;C&quot;).ColumnWidth = 80 'Description&#xA;    'Excel.Columns(&quot;G&quot;).ColumnWidth = 80 'Step Description(Action)&#xA;    'Excel.Columns(&quot;H&quot;).ColumnWidth = 80 'Expected Result&#xA;&#xA;    'Set Auto Filter mode.&#xA;    If Not Sheet.AutoFilterMode Then&#xA;        Sheet.Range(&quot;A1&quot;).AutoFilter&#xA;    End If&#xA;&#xA;    'Freeze first row.&#xA;    Sheet.Range(&quot;A2&quot;).Select&#xA;    'Excel.ActiveWindow.FreezePanes = True&#xA;&#xA;    'Save the newly created workbook and close Excel.&#xA;   ' Excel.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs (&quot;C:\&quot; &amp;amp; sProject &amp;amp; &quot;_TESTCASES.xls&quot;)&#xA;   ' Excel.Quit&#xA;&#xA;   ' Set Excel = Nothing&#xA;    Set DesignStepList = Nothing&#xA;    Set DesignStepFactory = Nothing&#xA;    Set TestList = Nothing&#xA;    Set TestFactory = Nothing&#xA;    Set TestTree = Nothing&#xA;    Set TreeMgr = Nothing&#xA;QCConnection.Disconnect&#xA;&#xA;'If the Export is successful you will get the message Completed.&#xA;MsgBox &quot;TestCase Export Completed successfully&quot;&#xA;&#xA;'Logout the QC Session&#xA;QCConnection.Logout&#xA;QCConnection.ReleaseConnection&#xA;End Sub&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Sub GetNodesList(ByVal Node, ByRef NodesList)&#xA;    Dim i&#xA;    'Run on all children nodes&#xA;    For i = 1 To Node.Count&#xA;        Dim NewUpper&#xA;        'Add more space to dynamic array&#xA;        NewUpper = UBound(NodesList) + 1&#xA;        ReDim Preserve NodesList(NewUpper)&#xA;&#xA;        'Add node path to array&#xA;        NodesList(NewUpper) = Node.Child(i).Path&#xA;&#xA;        'If current node has a child then get path on child nodes too.&#xA;        If Node.Child(i).Count &amp;gt;= 1 Then&#xA;            Call GetNodesList(Node.Child(i), NodesList)&#xA;        End If&#xA;    Next&#xA;End Sub&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;'Option Explicit&#xA;''&#xA;'Strips all the HTML tags from a string.&#xA;'&#xA;'@param:    strHTML A string with HTML tagges embedded.&#xA;'&#xA;'@return:               A string with all HTML tags stripped.&#xA;Function stripHTML(strHTML)&#xA;    'Strips the HTML tags from strHTML&#xA;&#xA;    Dim strOutput&#xA;   Set objRegExp = New RegExp&#xA;&#xA;    objRegExp.IgnoreCase = True&#xA;    objRegExp.Global = True&#xA;    objRegExp.Pattern = &quot;&amp;lt;(.|\n)+?&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    'Replace all line breaks with VB line breaks&#xA;    strOutput = Replace(strHTML, &quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&quot;, vbLf)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    'Replace all HTML tag matches with the empty string&#xA;    If Left(strOutput, 6) = &quot;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&quot; Then&#xA;        strOutput = objRegExp.Replace(strOutput, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;    End If&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    'Replace all &amp;amp;lt;, &amp;amp;gt;, and &amp;amp;quot; with &amp;lt;, &amp;gt;, and &quot;&#xA;    strOutput = Replace(strOutput, &quot;&amp;amp;lt;&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;)&#xA;    strOutput = Replace(strOutput, &quot;&amp;amp;gt;&quot;, &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;    strOutput = Replace(strOutput, &quot;&amp;amp;quot;&quot;, Chr(34))&#xA;&#xA;    Set objRegExp = Nothing&#xA;&#xA;    stripHTML = strOutput    'Return the value of strOutput&#xA;End Function&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;''&#xA;'Truncates a string to 32,767 characters for excel.&#xA;'&#xA;'@param:    strText String to be truncated.&#xA;'&#xA;'@return:               Truncated string.&#xA;Function Truncate(strText)&#xA;    'Excel Max Cell Length = 32,767&#xA;    Dim sNotice&#xA;    sNotice = vbLf &amp;amp; &quot;Contents Truncated...&quot;&#xA;&#xA;    If Len(strText) &amp;gt; 32767 Then&#xA;        strText = Left(strText, 32767 - Len(sNotice))&#xA;        strText = strText &amp;amp; sNotice&#xA;    End If&#xA;&#xA;    Truncate = strText&#xA;End Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21493" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T11:47:38.170" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T11:47:38.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T08:46:40.087" Score="5" ViewCount="668" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my work as a tester, I was asked to find a solution to validate the quality of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COBOL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cobol&lt;/a&gt; code. For that I was asked to investigate &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sonarqube&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarlint.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SonarLint&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-03.ibm.com/software/products/en/functional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rational&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.compuware.com/en_us/products/enterprise-data-visualization-with-topaz.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Topaz&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting point - I have no knowledge of these concepts or the Cobol language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far in my research, I got the following results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins - continuous integration tool.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous Integration - Practice that developers integrate the code&#xA;in a repository often generating builds and running the tests. It&#xA;allows instant feedback (via email, for example, indicating the&#xA;errors and commit the same cause). The developer can then correct the&#xA;problem as quickly as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sonarqube - validate the quality of the    code being developed. It can&#xA;be configured to store all the code    information in a database so&#xA;that you can also follow up the    evolution of code quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration with Jenkins Sonarqube - to automate the generation of&#xA;these assessment reports of code quality. Faster knowledge about&#xA;technical debt team and take the necessary actions to correct the&#xA;problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now I'm a bit lost ... What should be the next step?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21494" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T12:09:30.967" LastActivityDate="2020-08-13T13:07:40.813" Title="Validate Quality Cobol code - Jenkins, Sonarqube/SonarLint and Rational/Topaz?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9431" CreationDate="2016-09-20T08:52:57.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this tutorials they cover the basics of TFS and also advise on more courses you can take. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/tfs-2015-dev-and-qa-focused/learn/v4/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.udemy.com/tfs-2015-dev-and-qa-focused/learn/v4/&lt;/a&gt; (its free)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21495" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T08:52:57.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22683" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T09:22:22.687" Score="1" ViewCount="3342" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any tool similar like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.acunetix.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Acunetix&lt;/a&gt;?, because it's really &quot;user-friendly&quot; for me, and I haven't found something similar yet, preferable with a cheaper price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what I like from Acunetix is clear descriptions about &lt;em&gt;vulnerabilities&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;affected items&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;impact of the vulnerability&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;how to fix this vulnerability&lt;/em&gt;, also the &lt;em&gt;tool explorer&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;export scan&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T09:53:02.187" LastActivityDate="2020-01-16T22:23:45.187" Title="Looking for alternative security testing tool like Acunetix?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22681" CreationDate="2016-09-20T09:39:09.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The next step is to create a proof of concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup cobol code repository&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create example cobol code to test jenkins/sonarqube features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5502850/is-there-a-workable-approach-to-use-test-driven-development-in-a-cobol-applicati&quot;&gt;cobol unit-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup Jenkins&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create job to pull cobol code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run any tests and generate code-coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Push data to SonarQube&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyze results&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual: Analyze trends and set targets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated: SonarQube can give feedback/alerts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the best is to just start trying and see what you run into, this could lead to better less broad questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to setup a (automated) flow / process that uses these tools and see if they give you value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T09:39:09.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22685" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T09:59:10.460" Score="1" ViewCount="14495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently trying to write a test that will generate random users and businesses. This will be generated into text fields and used for a &quot;sign up form&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm still relatively new to Webdriver, I was using IDE, but I've had to move over as I was limited by what I could do there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any help with this would be greatly appreciated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q : How to generate random characters as a string in text boxes using Java?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I was using in IDE, however, I have not been able to get it to work with webdrrver, or even if it would.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium.prototype.doRandomString = function( options, varName ) {&#xA;&#xA;var length = 8;&#xA;var type   = 'alphanumeric';&#xA;var o = options.split( '|' );&#xA;for ( var i = 0 ; i &amp;lt; 2 ; i ++ ) {&#xA;    if ( o[i] &amp;amp;&amp;amp; o[i].match( /^\d+$/ ) )&#xA;        length = o[i];&#xA;&#xA;    if ( o[i] &amp;amp;&amp;amp; o[i].match( /^(?:alpha)?(?:numeric)?$/ ) )&#xA;        type = o[i];&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    switch( type ) {&#xA;    case 'alpha'        : storedVars[ varName ] = randomAlpha( length );    break;&#xA;    case 'numeric'      : storedVars[ varName ] = randomNumeric( length ); break;&#xA;    case 'alphanumeric' : storedVars[ varName ] = randomAlphaNumeric( length ); break;&#xA;    default             : storedVars[ varName ] = randomAlphaNumeric( length );&#xA;};&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;function randomNumeric ( length ) {&#xA;return generateRandomString( length, '0123456789'.split( '' ) );&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;function randomAlpha ( length ) {&#xA;var alpha = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'.split   ( '' );&#xA;return generateRandomString( length, alpha );&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;function randomAlphaNumeric ( length ) {&#xA;var alphanumeric = '01234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'.split( '' );&#xA;return generateRandomString( length, alphanumeric );&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;function generateRandomString( length, chars ) {&#xA;var string = '';&#xA;for ( var i = 0 ; i &amp;lt; length ; i++ )&#xA;    string += chars[ Math.floor( Math.random() * chars.length ) ];&#xA;return string;&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at the moment I am using this to input text to the form textboxes,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id  (&quot;cphMainContent_cphMainContent_ContentControl_ctl00_content_core_administration_organisation_tabs_profile_ascx_tbVWId&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id  (&quot;cphMainContent_cphMainContent_ContentControl_ctl00_content_core_administration_organisation_tabs_profile_ascx_tbVWId&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;however, I do need the text to be randomised. which is where I am getting stuck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19373" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-09-20T13:54:50.337" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T13:55:13.950" Title="How to generate random characters as a string in text boxes using Java?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22685" CreationDate="2016-09-20T10:14:05.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are three things you should get grasps of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn basic WebDriver programming and running a test: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.built.io/blog/getting-started-with-selenium-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.built.io/blog/getting-started-with-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to test forms with WebDriver: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/accessing-forms-in-webdriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/accessing-forms-in-webdriver.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generating random data in the programming language of your choice: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/generate-random-alpha-numeric&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://dzone.com/articles/generate-random-alpha-numeric&lt;/a&gt; (Java Example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google examples and try to get it working, with this knowledge you might have more clear questions we can answer for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T10:14:05.470" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1988" CreationDate="2016-09-20T10:27:20.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When I experience this question, i am writing my automatic-answer, I hope it can control one had exist browser where the ready work is finish, the ready work such as log-in expend very long times then log-in fail by selenium, our country some big company's sites just like this. I seek the info through on the net, contain this page, but not find works. I have to solve this question by myself, finally I get the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Of course, the ideas is get the server and the cookie from first program. after. we set the info to second program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key is the second program, &lt;br&gt;&#xA;the second program need use the class RemoteWebDriver. because the the first program open a with webserver's browser, but the official api have not offer the api reopen the exist browser. after i read source, i decide overwrite the RemoteWebDriver, because over the extends RemoteWebDriver i can't modify the capabilities field, so i overwrite it, but another way use the reflect you can have a try, this class newInstance main work is startClient and startSession, the method startClient keep it well, we need change the method startSession modify the nested execute Command and add the with cookie-string's construct method. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RemoteWebDriver is too long. the text-area has letter limit, the underside is link&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/chekn/source-ex-ref/blob/master/RemoteWebDriver.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/chekn/source-ex-ref/blob/master/RemoteWebDriver.java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can use like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. Get the RemoteWebDriver class from upper link, instand the official&#xA;&#xA;2. Open a browser&#xA;&#xA;    FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    LazyCommandExecutor ce = (LazyCommandExecutor) driver.getCommandExecutor();&#xA;    String svr= ce.getAddressOfRemoteServer().toString();&#xA;    System.out.println( &quot;svr: &quot; + svr);&#xA;&#xA;    String sid = driver.getSessionId().toString();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;sid: &quot; + sid );&#xA;    TimeUnit.MINUTES.sleep(10L);&#xA;&#xA;Important Tips:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;Please terminate program of this step launch in 10s (depend the TimeUnit sleep setter value), i find when i let it run finish, the third step execute command will fail that appear no reponse exception. i donot know Why, i think maybe program finished normal, the thread send the other order block the server api, only for the right request(right url and right params), if use wrong request it reponse, how Odd! I donot like go back view. So if you know the reason and you have different discovery, welcome back tell me.&#xA;&#xA;3.Reuse the browser, use the up step printed host and cookie&#xA;&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;    RemoteWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:7055/hub&quot;), &quot;41ad3bed-53af-4fdf-a2d1-f3f428e7d071&quot;, capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can use the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21502" LastEditorUserId="21502" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T14:20:54.837" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T14:20:54.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22688" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T10:36:38.410" Score="1" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm reading the book 'BDD in Action' by John Ferguson Smart. According to it, BDD draws inspiration from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD (write tests first)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DDD (common language for business and development)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ATDD (specification by example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What it brings to the table:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;executable specification (specification is written in such a way that is also understandable by computers and therefore can be used as objective acceptance and regression tests that can run automatically as part of the build process)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are my conclusions correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21501" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T13:19:17.783" Title="Origins of Behavior-Driven Development" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22694" CreationDate="2016-09-20T11:14:42.047" Score="4" ViewCount="1040" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in a disagreement with my superior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, for our application, which is &lt;strong&gt;very complex&lt;/strong&gt; at times we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;App specification in .doc documents &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JIRA requirement tickets that repeat the spec but the description goes into greater detail and may (or may not) contain technical implementation details.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Cases in a separate system &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Test Case format is simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Step   | Expected result&#xA;------------------------&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue:&lt;/strong&gt; A lot of our test cases (1000+) have the business logic copy-pasted or paraphrased in our test cases. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     Step                 |       Expected result&#xA;    ----------------------------------------------&#xA;1) Click button           | The field should become disabled &#xA;2) Click something else   | (because if A is true, then B affects C, and &#xA;3) Check some other field | because of that the field becomes disabled)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My reasoning:&lt;/strong&gt; That's unneccessary duplication (the phrase in the brackets above) and should be cut out (and I did, hundrends of them) and if the tester needs to understand further what he/she is doing - JIRA ticket links are a click away (in test cases themselves or in the head of test suites).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Superior's reasoning:&lt;/strong&gt; Without the additional explanation the tester then does not understand the business logic and just blindly executes clicking, which is bad. Test cases should educate the tester (especially new testers) as they execute regression testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My answer to that:&lt;/strong&gt; I'm all for the tester knowing the business logic (otherwise the tester is mostly useless) but a test case is &lt;em&gt;not a place to keep business logic, it needs to be concise and to the point, otherwise the tester is forced to read through much more text and thus manual regression testing becomes much slower&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discussion hit a dead end at this point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16787" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:39:56.290" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:39:56.290" Title="Should test cases contain business logic?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22691" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T11:15:04.673" Score="0" ViewCount="842" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running my selenium test on CentOS for some time now and lately encountered a lot of stability issues and crashes for my test runs. I went on to find that selenium browser profiles created under temp folder were never getting deleted. I manually deleted all temp files and now the system seems stable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a check I can put in place to handle this and ensure temp files are deleted once the browser instance is terminated by &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:39:37.913" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:39:37.913" Title="Selenium not deleting profiles created under Temp folder on CentOS" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22685" CreationDate="2016-09-20T12:09:32.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Faced same before few days. After search I got below solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private static final String CHAR_LIST = &quot;abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890&quot;;&#xA;private static final int RANDOM_STRING_LENGTH = 10;&#xA;&#xA;//This method generates random string&#xA;&#xA;public String generateRandomString(){&#xA;&#xA;    StringBuffer randStr = new StringBuffer();&#xA;    for(int i=0; i&amp;lt;RANDOM_STRING_LENGTH; i++){&#xA;        int number = getRandomNumber();&#xA;        char ch = CHAR_LIST.charAt(number);&#xA;        randStr.append(ch);&#xA;    }&#xA;    return randStr.toString();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:40:40.053" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:40:40.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22690" CreationDate="2016-09-20T12:22:12.900" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short version&lt;/strong&gt; - It depends&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The longer version&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are merits to both approaches. Some general heuristics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Everything in one document is a priority&lt;/strong&gt; - if your company believes it is important that testers have all the information they need in the test case document, then they will want business logic in the test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DRY is a priority&lt;/strong&gt; - if your company is a proponent of Don't Repeat Yourself, then they will want the test case document to &lt;em&gt;reference&lt;/em&gt; the business logic rather than repeat it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing is/may be outsourced&lt;/strong&gt; - if there are plans to outsource testing, there may be a desire to include all the logic in the test case documents in order to limit the amount of internal documentation that must be sent out of the company.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated regression is planned&lt;/strong&gt; - if there is a plan to automate the regression testing, the business logic may be needed in the test case documents as a guide to the automation team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other documents don't have the correct detail&lt;/strong&gt; - this happens more often than anyone would like, but it's still an issue: testers working on a test case notice that the application logic doesn't cleanly match the documentation. They don't have the authority to update the documentation, and they don't know whether it will be updated before the next round of regression testing, so they update the test documents so that whoever tests next time knows what should be happening. Sooner or later this becomes organizational policy and business logic is expected in the test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nobody reads the specifications&lt;/strong&gt; - Again, not ideal, but I've seen this happen more times than I care to count. If nobody reads the specifications, it's possible the only time the business logic gets looked at is when the testers are running the test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, everything should be documented exactly once and then referenced as many times as needed, but life is not ideal and there could be any number of good reasons why your superior wants the repetition - perhaps there's a history of testers blindly executing test cases and this is part of the mitigation strategy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd start by looking at all the reasons your superior wants/needs business logic in test cases, then try to work with him to find a potentially better way to deal with the problems he's trying to solve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T12:22:12.900" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22688" CreationDate="2016-09-20T12:45:26.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The origins go back till 1996 according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_by_example#History&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this Wikipedia article about Specification by Example&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The earliest documented usage of realistic examples as a single source&#xA;  of truth, requirements and automated tests, on software projects is&#xA;  the WyCash+ project, described by Ward Cunningham in the paper A&#xA;  Pattern Language of Competitive Development in 1996. The name&#xA;  Specification by Example was coined by Martin Fowler in 2004.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Specification by Example is an evolution of the Customer Test&#xA;  practice of Extreme Programming proposed in 1999 and Ubiquitous&#xA;  Language idea from Domain-driven design from 2004, using the idea&#xA;  of black-box tests as requirements described by Weinberg and Gause&#xA;  in 1989.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/SpecificationByExample.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;article of Martin Fowler about this subject&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T12:45:26.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22688" CreationDate="2016-09-20T13:19:17.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of times software's even for testing is based on needs and trends. Prior to the newest and greatest... testing and QA were done manually. As time evolved, regression testing evolved and visual regression became more mainstream... again this will again evolve into other forms when the need arise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21479" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T13:19:17.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22697" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-20T13:23:30.813" Score="1" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying drag and drop from outside &lt;code&gt;frame&lt;/code&gt; to inside &lt;code&gt;frame&lt;/code&gt;. Draggable element is located outside &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt;, but container which is located in &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt;. I have already posted my problem here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39497662/drag-and-drop-from-outside-frame-to-inside-frame-in-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39497662/drag-and-drop-from-outside-frame-to-inside-frame-in-selenium&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried &lt;code&gt;dragAndDrop&lt;/code&gt; action and &lt;code&gt;ClickAndHold&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;moveToElement&lt;/code&gt;. Also with &lt;code&gt;X,Y&lt;/code&gt; location of element. Nothing worked in Chrome and Firefox. No error though. But it works only in IE. This is weird. I am using &lt;code&gt;selenium-java-2.53.0&lt;/code&gt; with eclipse. Anyone knows what could be the problem? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21504" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:39:08.453" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:39:08.453" Title="File drag and drop works in Firefox but not in Internet Explorer" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22691" CreationDate="2016-09-20T14:28:38.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not think that selenium should be concerned about cleaning temporary files - especially files which might be needed for post-mortem analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Much simpler solution is to have a cron job deleting profiles which are too old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: Another option would be to FTFM for the driver in question and find out if quit() is supposed to delete temp files. If it is, and is not doing it, there might be already a bug filed for it, or needs to be filed. I do not see this as an important problem and would assume fixing this would be a low priority tho.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T14:39:05.913" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T14:39:05.913" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22621" CreationDate="2016-09-20T18:13:10.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the approach you are taking may need reevaluation.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test needs to be repeatable.  You should therefore be able to replicate the conditions where the ID is returned and also when the Name is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, I would recommend that instead of using an OR, you should instead have 2 separate tests that assert each condition independently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T18:13:10.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22625" CreationDate="2016-09-20T19:29:08.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given the ratio you mention, I would focus on training the developers to write the tests.  I am assuming that your mention of &quot;I have written...&quot; implies that you don't currently plan to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience is that for supporting 9 developers you need to focus on high level concepts (e.g. unit vs functional testing), manual testing and empowering the development team to write automated tests.  After all bdd and tdd both mean writing tests first so it makes sense that developers do that.  Your role may need to be more of a guide to best practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the organizations I have worked in, it takes a ratio of 1 qe developer to 2 or 3 software developers for the qe developer to have time to focus on writing automated tests.  When there are several QE's it also makes sense to have some focus on manual and some focus on automated testing (within say a monthly timeframe).  They require different skills and mind-sets and I've seen attempts to have a QE developer do both in the same day work out very poorly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-09-20T19:29:08.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21894" CreationDate="2016-09-21T02:30:16.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not have much idea about Taza.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been using Arquillian Graphene framework for Selenium webdriver testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look at below posts to know more about them. It has a page object injection at run time, creating page objects with page fragments (similar to modules in taza)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testautomationguru.com/selenium-webdriver-automation-using-arquillian-framework/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testautomationguru.com/selenium-webdriver-automation-using-arquillian-framework/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testautomationguru.com/arquillian-graphene-page-fragments/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testautomationguru.com/arquillian-graphene-page-fragments/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10826" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T02:30:16.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22708" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-21T11:05:36.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Virtual machine is a software that provides a virtualised set of hardware to the guest operating system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The host provides pass-through drivers for guest USB, serial, and parallel devices. In this way, virtual machines become highly portable between computers, because every host looks nearly identical to the guest. In practice, a system administrator can pause operations on a virtual machine guest, move or copy that guest to another physical computer, and there resume execution exactly at the point of suspension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T11:26:36.400" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T11:26:36.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22709" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-21T11:05:36.267" Score="0" Body="Virtual machine is a software that provides a virtualised set of hardware to the guest operating system" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-21T11:26:38.963" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T11:26:38.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22710" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26255" CreationDate="2016-09-21T11:10:26.783" Score="1" ViewCount="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it is described on &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.netbeans.org/Jemmy_Operators_Environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://wiki.netbeans.org/Jemmy_Operators_Environment&lt;/a&gt; default time for ActionProducer.MaxActionTime is 10000 ms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to increase it to 120000 ms and use next code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JemmyProperties.setCurrentTimeout(&quot;ActionProducer.MaxActionTime&quot;, 120000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when the code is run under debugging mode the value is 120000:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/01MBa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/01MBa.png&quot; alt=&quot;checking ActionProducer.MaxActionTime at debugging mode&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but still I've got the next error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Menu pushing: (JMenuItem with text &quot;Modules&quot;, JMenuItem with text&#xA;  &quot;Corporate entity&quot;) (ActionProducer.MaxActionTime)&quot; action has not&#xA;  been produced in 60005 milliseconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is 60000 ms a maximum value for &lt;code&gt;ActionProducer.MaxActionTime&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every instance of a class implementing &lt;code&gt;org.netbeans.jemmy.Timeoutable&lt;/code&gt; can have its own timeout values, so I checked timeout of instance that generates error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;menuBar.getTimeouts().getTimeout(&quot;ActionProducer.MaxActionTime&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but the result was the same - it is 120000 seconds and still failing at 60000 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T13:48:12.437" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T15:06:03.413" Title="Is there any maximum limit for ActionProducer.MaxActionTime in Jemmy lib?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jemmy&gt;&lt;timeout&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22711" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-21T13:13:00.607" Score="0" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’m working on a new project and I need a checklist template. Can anyone share a template so I can use it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18365" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T08:06:44.863" Title="Where can I get an 'unit and integration plan checklist' template?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-09-22T11:58:58.173" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22711" CreationDate="2016-09-21T13:18:22.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should create your own checklist and update it based on learnings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no unit-test and integration plan checklist template.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe these unit-test guidelines is a start: &lt;a href=&quot;http://geosoft.no/development/unittesting.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://geosoft.no/development/unittesting.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T13:18:22.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22713" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-21T13:19:54.580" Score="7" ViewCount="2361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found a problem in an app and my developer said that this is not an issue. How can this situation can be handled? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21527" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T12:34:02.220" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T03:42:44.020" Title="I found a problem in an app, but the developers say it isn't a problem" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-09-26T09:50:38.857" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22713" CreationDate="2016-09-21T13:35:52.620" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is a reproducible problem, report it into a defect tracker and let business owners prioritize it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not discuss if it is a real defect or not with developers. If they disagree fine, but let the business decide if the requirements need to be changed or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask me, testers have a signaling function. We flag stuff that is possibly not working as intended and needs attention. It's not, per se, our role to decide what the next actions will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-09-22T13:05:44.267" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T13:05:44.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22713" CreationDate="2016-09-21T14:31:46.497" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to Niels' answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can reliably reproduce the problem and you've done your homework of checking that your data set has not been corrupted, your tests match the user stories/specifications/application documentation and you haven't made any mistakes, then you document and report the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers may or may not close it as not an issue, but the problem has been documented - so if it occurs again, there is history to say that this is a potential problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other thoughts for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes something will be considered not an issue because it's not something anyone considered and it needs to be investigated and prioritized. This might indicate a mismatch in expectations: you as tester expect there to be some padding in the layout, where the developer was given no criteria for display so for the minimum viable it's acceptable to have the text running together (yes, I've seen this happen). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be an environment artifact. Perhaps the problem only appears when the app is run from the installer where the developer is always running from the IDE (I've seen this, too).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be a conversion artifact. Perhaps the problem only occurs when upgrading from a prior version.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be caused by some aspect of your automation environment. Possibly your automation takes some shortcuts when setting up for testing, like copying the executables without running the installers, and those shortcuts don't work with a new feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be that something has been deprecated and you weren't notified. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could be that a developer fixed a long-standing bug, and your automation has been impacted because you weren't aware that behavior was actually a bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen every single one of these reasons behind an apparent defect (and many more), so it's quite possible that something else is happening. By raising awareness of the downstream impacts, you're improving the communication between your team and the development team - which will help to reduce future communication problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if it actually is a problem, it needs to be documented - but sometimes the decision needs to be made by the product owners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-09-21T14:31:46.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2545" CreationDate="2016-09-21T18:59:06.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OfficeAddin/ThisAddIn.cs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;&#xA;using Office = Microsoft.Office.Core;&#xA;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;&#xA;&#xA;namespace OfficeAddIn&#xA;{&#xA;    public partial class ThisAddIn&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static string OfficeAddress = @&quot;Path\To\Word.doc&quot;;&#xA;        public void ThisAddIn_Startup(object sender, System.EventArgs e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            CallflowTester.ThisAddIn_Startup(sender, e);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        private void ThisAddIn_Shutdown(object sender, System.EventArgs e)&#xA;        {&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        private AddinUtilities utilities;&#xA;        protected override object RequestComAddInAutomationService()&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (utilities == null)&#xA;                utilities = new AddinUtilities();&#xA;            return utilities;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        #region VSTO generated code&#xA;&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify&#xA;        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        private void InternalStartup()&#xA;        {&#xA;            this.Startup += new System.EventHandler(ThisAddIn_Startup);&#xA;            this.Shutdown += new System.EventHandler(ThisAddIn_Shutdown);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        #endregion&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OfficeAddin/AddinUtilities.cs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;&#xA;using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;&#xA;&#xA;namespace OfficeAddIn&#xA;{&#xA;    [ComVisible(true)]&#xA;    [Guid(&quot;274069A2-1895-4B18-BFEA-125FE2D89D02&quot;)]&#xA;    [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsDual)]&#xA;    public interface IAddInUtilities&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Setting Up&#xA;        void runSetupFunction(ref Word.Application a);&#xA;&#xA;        // Functional Test&#xA;        int runAddInFunction(int page, int item);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [ComVisible(true)]&#xA;    [Guid(&quot;A18CDCA6-F138-44D4-8BD9-3EC68FE8B546&quot;)]&#xA;    [ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None)]&#xA;    public class AddinUtilities :&#xA;    StandardOleMarshalObject,&#xA;    IAddInUtilities&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Setting Up&#xA;        public void runSetupFunction(ref Word.Application a) =&amp;gt; yourSetupFunction(a);&#xA;&#xA;        // Functional Test&#xA;        public int runAddInFunction(int page, int item) =&amp;gt; yourAddInFunction(page, item);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OfficeAddinTests/ThisAddInTests.cs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;&#xA;using System;&#xA;using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;&#xA;using Office = Microsoft.Office.Core;&#xA;&#xA;namespace OfficeAddIn_Tests&#xA;{&#xA;    [TestClass]&#xA;    public class AudioTTSTests&#xA;    {&#xA;        private static string wordAddress = @&quot;Address/To/Word.doc&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        #region Test Setup&#xA;&#xA;        private static Word.Application word = null;&#xA;        public static Word.Document wdoc = null;&#xA;        static ECCO_Callflow_Tools.IAddInUtilities utilities = null;&#xA;&#xA;        [ClassInitialize()]&#xA;        public static void This_AddIn_Initialize(TestContext t)&#xA;        {&#xA;            word = new Word.Application();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public static void SetupDocuments()&#xA;        {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                object addInName = &quot;TheNameOfYOurAddin&quot;;&#xA;                wdoc = word.Documents.Open(wordAddress);&#xA;                Office.COMAddIn addIn = word.COMAddIns.Item(ref addInName);&#xA;&#xA;                while (utilities == null)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    utilities = (OfficeAddIn.IAddInUtilities)addIn.Object;&#xA;                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);&#xA;                }&#xA;                utilities.runSetupFunction();&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception ex) {&#xA;                wdoc?.Close();&#xA;                word.Quit();&#xA;                word = null;&#xA;                utilities = null;&#xA;                GC.Collect();&#xA;                throw ex;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [TestCleanup()]&#xA;        public void TestCleanup()&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (word != null)&#xA;            {&#xA;                word.Quit();&#xA;                word = null;&#xA;            }&#xA;            GC.Collect();&#xA;            GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();&#xA;            GC.Collect();&#xA;            GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        #endregion&#xA;&#xA;        [TestMethod()]&#xA;        public void AudioTTSTests_Setup()&#xA;        {&#xA;            SetupDocuments();&#xA;            utilities.runAddInFunction();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some links to get started. You need understand how to call code from other applications here&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb608621.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb608621.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some errors if you are trying to call from an external application so this link I found helpful&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10875278/vsto-add-ins-comaddins-and-requestcomaddinautomationservice&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10875278/vsto-add-ins-comaddins-and-requestcomaddinautomationservice&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21533" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T17:29:13.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22713" CreationDate="2016-09-22T03:56:08.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Forget the developers comment.Just log it at the bug tracker and assign it to the developer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have a bug tracker just send a mail to PM, DM or BA by explaining issue. Don't forget to add the developer to the CC list. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T03:42:44.020" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T03:42:44.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22723" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22724" CreationDate="2016-09-22T05:18:54.423" Score="2" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I  worked in selenium for 3 months. I had written some code. In my company I am the only tester. Nobody knows about the testing. But I couldn't find a solution for is it my code is correct or not. I tested the login module anybody please correct my code. A senior tester told me that the test script are fine. He asked me that What are you testing with this? Actually I want to find a solution for this. what should I do? What I will test for my project? Is there any If condition statement I miss?&#xA;Here is my code..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package QberLogin;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class AdminLogin &#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception &#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;, &quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;        FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();  &#xA;        WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            element.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;            element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;            element.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;            Actions action = new Actions(driver); &#xA;           action.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();&#xA;&#xA;           element= driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Admin&quot;));&#xA;           element.click();&#xA;           Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;           element= driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Clients&quot;));&#xA;           element.click();&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;Demo&quot;);&#xA;           element.submit();&#xA;           element= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='search-container']/a/i&quot;));&#xA;           element.click();&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;Dubai Bank&quot;);&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;group_name&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;DBK&quot;);&#xA;           element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;address&quot;));&#xA;           element.sendKeys(&quot;Dubai&quot;);&#xA;           Select stat=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;status&quot;)));&#xA;           stat.selectByVisibleText(&quot;active&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;           element.submit();&#xA;          element= driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;           element.click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;           element= driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Logout&quot;));&#xA;           element.click();&#xA;&#xA;                   driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T06:06:46.587" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T06:06:46.587" Title="Can you check this code?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-09-22T12:47:42.020" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22723" CreationDate="2016-09-22T07:11:19.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a quick review of the code I come with the following comments: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not use thread.sleep(), this leads to flickering tests, in this case wait for the element instead, read: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11736027/webdriver-wait-for-element-using-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11736027/webdriver-wait-for-element-using-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You do not need to use an Action to send an Enter key, read &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1629053/typing-enter-return-key-in-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1629053/typing-enter-return-key-in-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name your elements better, element doesnt say anything, this makes it easier to change the test in the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now its a Java program not a test, implement a unit-testing framework like &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://junit.org/&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/&lt;/a&gt; , this makes it easier to run and get feedback of tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add asserts to check the things you want to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The flow of your test should look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrange&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Act&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the AAA pattern will make it more clear what is part of the test and what is not. Read about &lt;a href=&quot;http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ArrangeActAssert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AAA here&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;I always add a comment to show where which part of the test starts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively describe your test with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your test name/description could be come GivenIAmLoggedIn_WhenIClickSomeButtons_SomethingHappensThatIVerfify. Read &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.agilealliance.org/glossary/gwt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;more here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Leading to this test format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; @Test&#xA; public void GivenInputABC_WhenIReverseInput_ThenResultIsCBA() {&#xA;    // Arrange&#xA;    String input = &quot;abc&quot;;&#xA;    // Act      &#xA;    String result = Util.reverse(input);&#xA;    // Assert&#xA;    assertEquals(&quot;cba&quot;, result);&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step to make your test more readable, understandable and maintainable is to wrap it in the Page Object Model. Read more here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/page-object-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/page-object-model/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T12:42:59.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22711" CreationDate="2016-09-22T08:00:43.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We create a test plan in software testing services to define its scope, strategy, testing methodologies, areas that would be covered / not to be covered under testing etc. In unit testing we test all the individual units or components of the application whereas in Integration testing we combine these individual units or components and validate their behavior after integrating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both Unit Testing as well as Integration testing are a part of Test Plan checklist. So, there exist no separate checklist for them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the links for further details regarding Test Plan and common templates used while creating any Test Plan :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/test-plan/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/test-plan/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/what-everybody-ought-to-know-about-test-planing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/what-everybody-ought-to-know-about-test-planing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/test-plan-sample-softwaretesting-and-quality-assurance-templates/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/test-plan-sample-softwaretesting-and-quality-assurance-templates/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="18467" LastEditDate="2016-09-22T08:06:44.863" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T08:06:44.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18117" CreationDate="2016-09-22T09:30:10.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the &lt;strong&gt;open issue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work around&lt;/strong&gt; is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Turn off the HTTP-only flag when running my site in testing mode&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I use Django for my server so I had to create a special test_settings.py file with &lt;code&gt;SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY = False&lt;/code&gt; in it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I borrow answer from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29775006/retrieving-all-cookies-from-ie-using-python&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T09:30:10.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22649" CreationDate="2016-09-22T10:48:24.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best option would be try locating the element using s&#xA;Selenium IDE with Firefox.&#xA;Then Navigate to Options-&gt;Format and select the language that your are working on.&#xA;Then Again from the IDE click on the &quot;Source&quot; tab and look how Selenium IDE perform the element identification part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T10:48:24.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22099" CreationDate="2016-09-22T15:52:38.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using single quotes inside of double quotes seems weird/wrong. So first thing would be to remove those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then if one of the elements from the list doest exist you will get a NoSuchElementException. If you want the test to fail instead of just having an exception in your script you should handle this exception. I would write this test like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException&#xA;&#xA;ids = [&#xA;    &quot;block-views-news_of_the_day-block_1&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;views_slideshow_singleframe_main_carousal_new_block-block_1-2&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;block-views-recent_contents-block_1&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;block-views-recent_contents-block_2&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;block-views-home_page_events-block_1&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;const-cont-home&quot;,&quot;block-block-13&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;block-block-58&quot;&#xA;]&#xA;&#xA;for id in ids: &#xA;    try:&#xA;        self.driver.find_element_by_id(id)&#xA;    except NoSuchElementException:&#xA;        self.fail()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case test will fail when one element is missing from the page and wont check for others. If you want to keep checking for other elements you need to have a list where you collect missing elements instead of &lt;code&gt;self.fail()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17152" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T15:52:38.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13059" CreationDate="2016-09-22T17:13:33.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make sure your .feature file is on the same path as detailed in the error message.  I move my .feature file to the path specified in the error message and it worked.  It is definitely an issue with finding the correct path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21249" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T17:13:33.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22713" CreationDate="2016-09-22T18:01:05.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there is a disagreement between you and the developer on the spec, then it is probably worthwhile to figure out where the disagreement is exactly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;File the bug and have the developer spell out why it is not an issue. If you agree with the reasoning then close it. If you disagree with the rationale, then state your case in the bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use the bug report to make clear what the expectation should be, as opposed to having a flame war.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T18:01:05.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7432" CreationDate="2016-09-22T18:11:00.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was looking to click and send text by using xpath in JSE. Here is how I've done it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@title='Search']&quot;));&#xA;WebElement element1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[text()='Gmail']&quot;));&#xA;String hi = &quot;Hi&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, element1);  //for clicking&#xA;&#xA;// for Entering text&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].value='&quot;+hi+&quot;';&quot;, element); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21562" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T02:58:16.483" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T02:58:16.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22738" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22739" CreationDate="2016-09-22T18:42:19.283" Score="1" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had written my first Page Object Pattern. Can anybody to check this code and tell me the feedback? What mistakes are that i have made?&#xA;I want to correct it?&#xA;I am Verifying to access  login page and Entered values in client registration module. &#xA;Here is my code...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.qber.Pages;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;public class LoginPage&#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    WebElement element;&#xA;By user=By.name(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;By pass=By.name(&quot;passsword&quot;);&#xA;By button=By.className(&quot;button&quot;);&#xA;By admin=By.linkText(&quot;Admin&quot;);&#xA;By client=By.linkText(&quot;Clients&quot;);&#xA;public LoginPage(WebDriver driver)&#xA;{&#xA;    this.driver=driver;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;public void typeUser()&#xA;{&#xA;    WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;    element.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;public void typePass()&#xA;{&#xA;    element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;    element.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;public void typeButton()&#xA;{&#xA;    element.submit();&#xA;}&#xA;public void typeAdmin()&#xA;{&#xA;    element=driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Admin&quot;));&#xA;    element.click();    &#xA;}&#xA;public void typeClients()&#xA;{&#xA;    element=driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Clients&quot;));&#xA;    element.click();&#xA;     element= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='search-container']/a/i&quot;));&#xA;     element.click();&#xA;    //check whether all fields are blank&#xA;     try&#xA;     {&#xA;         WebElement element1=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='name']&quot;));&#xA;     element1.submit();&#xA;     System.out.println(&quot;name is mandatory&quot;);&#xA;     }&#xA;     catch(Exception e)&#xA;     {&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot;incorrect&quot;+e.getMessage());&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;     //check response for entering special character&#xA;     public void addclient()&#xA;     {&#xA;     try&#xA;     {&#xA;         WebElement element1=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;         element1.sendKeys(&quot;Shaik&quot;);&#xA;         element1=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;group_name&quot;));&#xA;         element1.sendKeys(&quot;sk123&quot;);&#xA;         element1=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;address&quot;));&#xA;         element1.sendKeys(&quot;Uae&quot;);&#xA;         Select stat=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;status&quot;)));&#xA;         stat.selectByVisibleText(&quot;active&quot;);&#xA;         element1.submit();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Test passed&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;     catch(Exception e)&#xA;     {&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot;incorrect&quot;+e.getMessage());&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;     public void invalidClient()&#xA;     {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            WebElement element1=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;            element1.sendKeys(&quot;@##&quot;);&#xA;            element1=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;group_name&quot;));&#xA;            element1.sendKeys(&quot;%$$%^$&quot;);&#xA;            element1=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;address&quot;));&#xA;            element1.sendKeys(&quot;#%$#%$&quot;);&#xA;            Select stat=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;status&quot;)));&#xA;            stat.selectByVisibleText(&quot;inactive&quot;);&#xA;            element1.submit();&#xA;           System.out.println(&quot;Status is mandotory: Test passed&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch(Exception e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;incorrect&quot;+e.getMessage());&#xA;        }&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;package com.qber.Testcases;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import com.qber.Pages.LoginPage;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public class verifyLogin {&#xA;&#xA;    public void validLogin()&#xA;    {&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;    FirefoxDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;    LoginPage login=new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    login.typePass();&#xA;    login.typeUser();&#xA;    login.typeButton();&#xA;    login.typeAdmin();&#xA;    login.typeClients();&#xA;    login.addclient();&#xA;    login.invalidClient();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T06:09:52.483" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T06:09:52.483" Title="Can you check this POM design Pattern?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-26T11:36:24.703" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22738" CreationDate="2016-09-22T18:56:15.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The basics of the PageObject model is that the Page is an object which can be modified without having to make changes to each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would appear to me that you are attempting to combine Tests with Page Object. In order to stick closer to a Page Object Model you should remove all business logic from the object itself and let the object just manage the page itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, a good practice is typically to use the PageFactory. This will lazy load the elements on the page and only grab them when they are needed. By doing this when you instantiate the object it will have all of the Properties that are needed to be initialized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void typeUser()&#xA;{&#xA;    WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;    element.sendKeys(&quot;geosony&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = &quot;username&quot;)&#xA;public WebElement userName;&#xA;public void typeUser(string Username)&#xA;{&#xA;    userName.sendKeys(Username);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing it this way, in your tests you can use &lt;code&gt;object.typeUser(&quot;username&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; and it will work. If there is a change to the username element, all you have to do is update the element in one place and all of the tests are then updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you are going to want to split each different page into a different object. I typically have mine inherit from a single object which does all of the initialization methods. By doing this if something has to change in the instantiation process it also gives you the ability to update all objects simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-09-22T18:56:15.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22713" CreationDate="2016-09-23T02:25:04.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All above answers it well.&#xA;Testing is a destructive activity.&#xA;No developers wants to believe that there was a bug in their code.&#xA;Due to work pressure they may be reluctant to accept its a bug.&#xA;Here is what i would do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log in to Jira or any bug tracking tool . &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describe the exact steps for the bug to be reproduced with screenshot along with Observed and expected behavior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not forget to mention platform details in this case which android version/ device. This is very important&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assign the bug to the developer , and tag or cc the Project Manager for android version of the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always attach the requirement doc link in these cases .&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21482" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T02:25:04.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22590" CreationDate="2016-09-23T03:50:29.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the int appears every time after the word &quot;Result&quot; ,then simply split the text at &quot;String t&quot; by the letter &quot;R&quot;.&#xA;Pass the result in to an array.&#xA;Select the [0]th element from the array.&#xA;Bingoo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T03:50:29.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22743" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22745" CreationDate="2016-09-23T06:25:38.997" Score="1" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked as a tester in my company for 3 months. I don't know the exact process of manual testing. I worked in a small startup company. The company is developing web applications. I am only tester in my company. Nobody knows about testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did not do any testing course. My company is giving a task to do manual testing of a web application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What will I do? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I first start to do manual testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I learn? T&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hey told me to test the application but, I am currently doing adhoc testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know how to write test case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learn from guru99.com site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know what is the use of software testing types? There are A to Z software testing types are there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you tell a brief about what is the exact manual testing process in a real term project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T06:30:54.803" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T06:41:29.977" Title="What is the exact manual testing in a real term project?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-09-23T08:46:54.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22743" CreationDate="2016-09-23T06:41:29.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual Testing&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cross verification of specifications on implemented application in realtime on respective platform&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the process of Manual Testing I will suggest to look at &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Testing Life Cycle. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingclass.com/software-testing-life-cycle-stlc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Types of Software Testing. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingexcellence.com/types-of-software-testing-complete-list/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Defect Life Cycle. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/defect_life_cycle.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T06:41:29.977" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22578" CreationDate="2016-09-23T07:55:53.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Nuget manager or use Package Manager Console with below command:&#xA;Install-Package Selenium.WebDriver -Version 2.53.1 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T07:55:53.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22552" CreationDate="2016-09-23T07:59:49.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;CodedUI seems to be the only solution.&#xA;Because Coded UI is the new testing framework from Microsoft so,it will 100% support the visual studio too.&#xA;And;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support SAP-No idea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support Java applications-Yes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support Browsers (Firefox and IE at least)-Yes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support C# Winforms and WPF-Yes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support Win32 applications-Yes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So because of above explanations i think CodedUI will be the best solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T08:47:06.503" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T08:47:06.503" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-23T08:38:23.583" Score="1" ViewCount="765" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a requirement to test the website behavior when 1000+ users are acting on a website at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that we prepared a jMeter script like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Added a Thread group with 1000 users&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Ramp up : 0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Loop Count : 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After executing the script we are getting the response as 500 Internal error after some 100 to 200 HTTP requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have checked the server connection limits and DB connection limits and we monitored the server CPU usage also, every thing was fine but still we are getting 500 internal server error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some where in google we read that applying the load with ramp up value as 0 is not proper load testing. Is it true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now what we want to know is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)Is ramp up period mandatory?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)Why we are facing the 500 internal server error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE : We have used the distributed architecture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 master and 2 slaves&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we have applied 500 as a thread count in Master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help or ideas are welcome and appreciable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T09:46:47.327" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T12:07:58.270" Title="Is applying the Ramp up period mandatory while doing load testing with huge load?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22748" CreationDate="2016-09-23T09:54:44.290" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have 1 Master and 2 Slaves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The total load being generated is 500 + 500 = 1000.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you mention that the server health is good during the test execution. Yet, you are getting an Internal Server Error (Error code 500).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what you should try,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run a test of maybe 500 user and while the test is running try to access the URL in a browser. If the URL opens up fine there's no problem. If it gives an error, for example, Error 500, and still the server health (CPU, RAM, Disk &amp;amp; Network I/O) are fine, then maybe your network port or database is not able to handle the load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is no problem with 500 users, try the same with 1000 users. This time along with the health of the server also monitor the health of your slave and master systems. At the same time try accessing the URL in a browser. See the result. If the URL fails to open the page properly, then there might be a problem similar as explained above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T09:54:44.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22750" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-23T10:32:50.723" Score="0" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate android app. On click of one button, user is redirected on browser page to login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note - I am automating android app, not any web application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q - How to identify elements and locators to automate login in mobile browser[chrome]?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Environment - Mac + Android + java + appium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T10:54:14.753" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T10:17:08.770" Title="Java + Appium + Android + Mobile browser[Chrome] : How to identify elements and locators to automate login in mobile browser?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22752" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-23T11:55:32.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Embedded computer systems is a computer system with a dedicated function within another mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T12:21:46.967" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T12:21:46.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22753" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-23T11:55:32.763" Score="0" Body="Questions regarding testing of embedded computer systems (a computer system with a dedicated function within another mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts)" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T12:21:49.750" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T12:21:49.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22754" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22755" CreationDate="2016-09-23T12:47:35.043" Score="2" ViewCount="500" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a newbie question as I am very new to selenium and automation basics. I am creating my selenium tests through Visual Studio, with the help of C#. I have some confusion on these areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am doing self study on how to create scripts using Selenium with C#. Why all of the tutorials are written thru Unit Test Project type when all I want to create is only regression/functional testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So I created a library in the console app project, then added a new unit test type so I could pull all my classes/methods in that library and in the same directory. Is it acceptable to create multiple unit test project in that same solution? What would be the drawback? I am planning to at least automate 10 apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-09-23T13:00:15.433" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T13:14:58.760" Title="C# + Visual Studio : Can I create multiple selenium test through unit test project type in one solution?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22754" CreationDate="2016-09-23T13:14:58.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Functional tests need a way to get run in batches. The unit-testing frameworks help with this, also they include assert functions to verify results. So the unit-testing framework is reused as test-runner in your examples.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Better is to create a test project in the solution of the application. This way the tests get versioned with the application and are close by. If you have shared test code between all your tests create a single shared DLL / solution for that instead and reference it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T13:14:58.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10184" CreationDate="2016-09-23T14:34:09.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add this screenshot class to your project:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ScreenshotRule implements MethodRule {&#xA;&#xA;    public Statement apply(final Statement statement, final FrameworkMethod frameworkMethod, Object o) {&#xA;        return new Statement() {&#xA;            @Override&#xA;            public void evaluate() throws Throwable {&#xA;                try {&#xA;                    statement.evaluate();&#xA;                } catch (Throwable t) {&#xA;                    captureScreenshot(frameworkMethod.getName());&#xA;                    throw t;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        };&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void captureScreenshot(String methodName){&#xA;        try {&#xA;            new File(&quot;build/reports/tests/screenshots/&quot;).mkdirs(); //this is the default directory for reports generated by gradle&#xA;            FileOutputStream outPutFile = new FileOutputStream(&quot;build/reports/tests/screenshots/&quot; + methodName + &quot;.jpg&quot;);&#xA;            outPutFile.write(((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.BYTES));&#xA;            out.close();&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then add  this to your BaseTest or a test file where you want the screenshot to be taken:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Rule&#xA;public ScreenshotRule screenshotRule = new ScreenshotRule();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also check this post out on saving screenshots and then adding them to reports&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://automatedqa.wordpress.com/2016/09/20/html-report-with-screenshots-with-gradle-and-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://automatedqa.wordpress.com/2016/09/20/html-report-with-screenshots-with-gradle-and-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21581" LastEditorUserId="21581" LastEditDate="2016-09-28T13:14:42.460" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T13:14:42.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22758" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-23T17:34:44.783" Score="1" ViewCount="877" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new with Sikuli Integrator in C# using Microsoft Visual Studio. May I kindly know how to change the directory of the &lt;code&gt;SikuliOutputLog.txt&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18839" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-09T06:34:44.593" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T06:34:44.593" Title="Sikuli Integrator C# - How to change the dircetory of SikuliOutputLog.txt?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22592" CreationDate="2016-09-23T23:19:11.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe this post and associated links over on Stack Overflow give a pretty comprehensive treatment on those and other techniques - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22595283/orthogonal-and-combinatorial-testing-techniques&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22595283/orthogonal-and-combinatorial-testing-techniques&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-09-23T23:19:11.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22748" CreationDate="2016-09-24T07:07:22.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not mandatory if you want to keep asking questions like this all the time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-ramp-steps-your-load-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Ramp Up in Steps in Your Load Tests&lt;/a&gt; article&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Let’s say you want to test 100k concurrent users. If you run the load test with a linear ramp up and it crashes, you only know that your site or app can’t handle 100K users. &lt;strong&gt;You have no idea how much it can handle before that point&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the recommended approach is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;starting with 1 virtual user to check your test script is ok, there are no errors and you're happy with the metrics (if response time for 1 user exceeds SLA you can hold on till the issue is fixed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ramping up to ~5 virtual users to see whether concurrent actions of &gt; 2 users lead to any problems, deadlocks, clashes, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gradually&lt;/strong&gt; increasing virtual users to anticipated number and monitoring metrics, application under test and load generators health&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if there are no errors and result look good - leave your application under the load for a prolonged period of time, so called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soak_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Soak Testing&lt;/a&gt;, it will help to identify memory leaks and other errors associated with the prolonged load. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if your application still behaves fine you can increase the load until it breaks - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Stress Testing&lt;/a&gt; - to see which component will break first and whether you system recovers when the load comes back to normal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-09-24T07:07:22.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14922" CreationDate="2016-09-24T11:13:18.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should be realtively easy to setup a server that behaves as your API, but always returns the same values so you can test against it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You just need to make sure you can redirect the traffic from your mobile app to this server. Simplest way is to make it configurable in the app itself. Alternately you can point the production hostname to your test server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change Android host file: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.howtogeek.com/140576/how-to-edit-the-hosts-file-on-android-and-block-web-sites/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.howtogeek.com/140576/how-to-edit-the-hosts-file-on-android-and-block-web-sites/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a JSON/REST api server have a look at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JSON-server: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/json-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.npmjs.com/package/json-server&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Howto: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.betterpixels.co.uk/projects/2015/05/09/mock-up-your-rest-api-with-json-server/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.betterpixels.co.uk/projects/2015/05/09/mock-up-your-rest-api-with-json-server/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-24T11:13:18.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-24T15:07:41.567" Score="1" ViewCount="812" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium Java&lt;/code&gt; inheritance want to reuse &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; in another class that registration forms has same button id like code below. I want reuse these three buttons in any class these buttons are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElementById(&quot;checkbox2&quot;).click();&#xA;driver.findElementById(&quot;checkbox1&quot;).click();&#xA;driver.findElementById(&quot;js-register&quot;).click();&#xA;&#xA;public class Landindpage{ public void fill () {    &#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;E:\\workspace\\chromeDriver\\chromeDriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://qa-0.ls.vu/v2/landing-page/roche&quot;);&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/nav/div/div[2]/ul/li[4]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/nav/div/div[2]/ul/li[4]/div/div[2]/a[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/nav/div/div[2]/ul/li[3]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[8]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/form/div[4]/div[1]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Emmaname&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[8]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/form/div[4]/div[2]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Mohaname&quot;);&#xA;        /*for(int count=1; count &amp;lt; 10; i++){&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[8]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/form/div[5]/div[1]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;testing&quot; + i + &quot;@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;            // Rest of the script&#xA;        }*/&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[8]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/form/div[5]/div[2]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;0221-1234567&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[8]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/form/div[6]/div/select&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[8]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/form/div[6]/div/select/option[3]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[8]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/form/div[7]/div/select&quot;)).click();    &#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[8]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/form/div[7]/div/select/option[4]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElementById(&quot;checkbox2&quot;).click();&#xA;        driver.findElementById(&quot;checkbox1&quot;).click();&#xA;        driver.findElementById(&quot;js-register&quot;).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public  void googlefill (){ &#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://qa-0.ls.vu/v2/landing-page/google&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[3]/div/div/div/p[2]/a/small&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[3]/div[1]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Emmaname&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[3]/div[2]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Mohaname&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[4]/div/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;aali3005@outlook.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[5]/div&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[5]/div/select/option[2]&quot;)).click();      &#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[6]/div[1]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[6]/div[1]/select/option[4]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[6]/div[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[6]/div[2]/select/option[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[7]/div/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;0221-1234567&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[8]/div&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/form/div[8]/div/select/option[5]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    /*driver.findElementById(&quot;checkbox2&quot;).click();&#xA;    driver.findElementById(&quot;checkbox1&quot;).click();&#xA;    driver.findElementById(&quot;js-register&quot;).click();*/&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;there are two child classes of landing page&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Database;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Rochee   extends Landindpage {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[]args)  {&#xA;        Rochee obj=new Rochee();&#xA;        obj.fill();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;package Database;&#xA;&#xA;public class google extends Landindpage {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;E:\\workspace\\chromeDriver\\chromeDriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        google bo1= new google();&#xA;&#xA;        bo1.googlefill();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21590" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:36:48.813" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:36:48.813" Title="Selenium Java inheritance want to reuse xpath in anothor classs" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20303" CreationDate="2016-09-25T00:34:39.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say it depends on what sort of testing you're doing, and how much testing of the sprocs will have been done by the time they get to you.  If you think of the system in terms of a program, testing the sprocs is similar to unit testing; they're the simplest thing that can be called.  So you would generally mock up calling the sprocs in one case, and in the other case, you'd mock up the things that called the sprocs.  If you're only using the web API to test the sprocs, you may not be able to test limits and the like appropriately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also need to think about how much control you have over who calls the sprocs; yes, from your point of view, the only thing using them will be the web API, but I can think of a number of examples where interfaces that were intended to be used for only one thing were used for something else, but the new exploiter didn't understand the assumption that had been made when the system was being designed (i.e., caching certain results was being done at the web server level, so when someone developing a mobile application decided it would be faster to go straight to the database, they brought a fairly large system to its knees by calling a computationally intensive stored procedure much, much more frequently than it was designed to have been called.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's a great pressure to get the system deployed, and not much time/resources available (often the case), I'd would focus on the behavior of the system, working under the assumption that the designers understood how the system was going to be used (which can be risky), but with the knowledge that in doing so, I'm accumulating technical debt.  Given the choice, though, I'd spend more time with the system components in isolation, before testing the system as a whole.  The earlier you can find bugs, the better, and the closer to the source of the bug you can get, the better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-09-25T00:34:39.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22765" CreationDate="2016-09-25T15:28:24.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is adviced to avoid inheritance as a means of code-reuse, also read &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/75189/why-avoid-java-inheritance-extends&quot;&gt;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/75189/why-avoid-java-inheritance-extends&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you have a look at the PageObject Model to remove code duplication from your tests. Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://artoftesting.com/automationTesting/pageObjectModel.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://artoftesting.com/automationTesting/pageObjectModel.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have code that is shared between different pages you could create a central class which you instantiate from within the page classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not want to use page object model I would have a look in making a static class for your shared references. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Buttons {&#xA;    public static string first = &quot;//path&quot;;&#xA;    public static string second = &quot;//path&quot;;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;now you can access them from anywhere by calling&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Buttons.first;&#xA;Buttons.second;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10896111/sharing-constant-strings-in-java-across-many-classes&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10896111/sharing-constant-strings-in-java-across-many-classes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4646577/global-variables-in-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4646577/global-variables-in-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-09-25T15:28:24.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22772" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-26T07:07:42.970" Score="1" ViewCount="56" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium. I want to replicate a scenario in which User clicks on 'Choose file' and then uploads an excel file lying on the same desktop and then clicks on submit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using sikuli and added the below mentioned lines for file upload in the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Pattern name = new Pattern(&quot;C:\\Users\\delhivery\\Desktop\\Selenium Class\\name.png&quot;);&#xA;    Pattern open = new Pattern(&quot;C:\\Users\\delhivery\\Desktop\\Selenium Class\\open.png&quot;);      &#xA;    Screen.src = new Screen();&#xA;    src.setAutoWaitTimeout(30);&#xA;    src.type(name, &quot;C:\\Users\\delhivery\\Desktop\\Express CSV Files\\DataE.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;    src.click(open);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still it shows errors. I have added the Sikuli Jar file as well in the project. Do I need to import something as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step by step detailed instructions would be great, Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="16597" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T06:22:45.713" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T06:22:45.713" Title="How to simulate scenario using selenium wherein User needs to upload a excel file?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-09-26T11:36:37.067" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22224" CreationDate="2016-09-26T09:43:42.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Figured out how this must be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you add an attachment you can set its &quot;Media Type&quot; to match its &quot;Content Type&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/itJzi.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/itJzi.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your RAW request will then NOT display any content of the file (instead showing it is not available)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c4yx2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c4yx2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T09:43:42.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-26T10:19:57.923" Score="1" ViewCount="56" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a framework where I need to do the reporting of my tests. I have to do this from scratch with out using junit or testng. I need to create a custom annotation &lt;code&gt;@Testing&lt;/code&gt; and write a test methods and other methods related to this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My report should be in the following format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test name 1 &#xA;method 1&#xA;..&#xA;method n&#xA;&#xA;Test name 2&#xA;method 1&#xA;..&#xA;method n&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this possible to do it with an custom annotation or Is there any work around for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6238" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:36:10.197" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:36:10.197" Title="How to get the name of all the test methods and functions in a test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22776" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-26T11:23:13.703" Score="-1" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently testing a new website on device. However I believe we could test by operating system version and Prominent browser instead. Has anyone else tried this approach rather than testing on every device?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9197" LastEditorUserId="9197" LastEditDate="2016-09-26T11:39:38.420" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T10:20:27.323" Title="Mobile Device Testing" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22779" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-26T12:54:01.793" Score="0" ViewCount="552" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a slider in our C# WinForms application. We update some other information on the UI when the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.trackbar.scroll(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scroll&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; event occurs. However, when setting the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.trackbar.value(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Value&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; property, we only notice the slider changes visually and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.trackbar.valuechanged(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ValueChanged&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; event occurs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works when using record/playback, but that depends on mouse coordinates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I &quot;scroll&quot; reliably without depending on mouse coordinates?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my form in its default size:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gPC08.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gPC08.png&quot; alt=&quot;Slider small&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it works with this recording:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3CObU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3CObU.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ranorex Recording&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it stops working reliably as soon as the form is resized:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/E4cqd.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/E4cqd.png&quot; alt=&quot;Slider large&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a method to drag the slider from value 0 to value 3, independent of the size of the slider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can set the value of the slider in a code module like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void ITestModule.Run()&#xA;{&#xA;    Mouse.DefaultMoveTime = 300;&#xA;    Keyboard.DefaultKeyPressTime = 100;&#xA;    Delay.SpeedFactor = 1.0;&#xA;&#xA;    SliderTestRepository.Instance.Form1.TrackBar1.Value = 3;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this will only change the position of the slider and not fire the scroll events.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T06:42:03.323" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T06:42:03.323" Title="How to trigger the scroll event of a slider reliably?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22782" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-26T16:49:46.940" Score="0" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working with some software that schedule reports to go out to clients. Sometimes in running my selenium tests something goes wrong and it does not delete the instance once it is done with it. I have the &lt;code&gt;@After&lt;/code&gt; going in and cleaning out anything that the test itself doesn't which works great, however it doesn't work so will with working tests (i.e. the test successfully creates and deletes the scheduled instance, and then the &lt;code&gt;@After&lt;/code&gt; tries to delete it again and since what it is now selecting is not a deletable instance but it throws an error. This is what I am working with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@After&#xA;public void close()&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(delete)).click();&#xA;        if (driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;syn-delete-btn&quot;)).isEnabled()){&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;syn-delete-btn-btnEl&quot;)).click();&#xA;            Thread.sleep(989);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button-1006-btnEl&quot;)).click();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;        catch(Exception e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            Assert.fail();&#xA;        }&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought that perhaps using the isEnabled() would work, however it still considers the delete button (which is grayed out at this point) as enabled. Is there a way to get this if statement to work? It isn't failing with the &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt; statement. Clicking the delete button if it goes through brings up a box that asks if you are sure. The test is failing on &lt;strong&gt;button-1006-btnEl&lt;/strong&gt; where the &quot;Yes&quot; button would be on the confirmation panel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If my code is a little wonky please feel free to post suggestions. I just need this to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21613" LastEditorUserId="16035" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T10:05:36.463" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T16:45:27.783" Title="How can I create an @After class that may or may not need to click a delete button?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22782" CreationDate="2016-09-26T18:28:46.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm reading your question correctly, you want the &lt;code&gt;try&lt;/code&gt; block to run only when your test has failed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, then read through &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thinkcode.se/blog/2012/07/08/performing-an-action-when-a-test-fails&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; for JUnit. Instead of the screenshot, you can implement your code on failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-09-26T18:28:46.987" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22784" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-26T18:31:59.377" Score="0" ViewCount="688" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find the below console error.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:&#xA;-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}&quot;,&quot;syncGUID&quot;:&quot;HNu4L8KMZCeB&quot;,&quot;location&quot;:&quot;app-global&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;theme&quot;,&quot;internalName&quot;:&quot;classic/1.0&quot;,&quot;updateURL&quot;:null,&quot;updateKey&quot;:null,&quot;optionsURL&quot;:null,&quot;optionsType&quot;:null,&quot;aboutURL&quot;:null,&quot;icons&quot;:{&quot;32&quot;:&quot;icon.png&quot;,&quot;48&quot;:&quot;icon.png&quot;},&quot;iconURL&quot;:null,&quot;icon64URL&quot;:null,&quot;defaultLocale&quot;:{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Default&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;The default theme.&quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:&quot;Mozilla&quot;,&quot;homepageURL&quot;:null,&quot;contributors&quot;:[&quot;Mozilla Contributors&quot;]},&quot;visible&quot;:true,&quot;active&quot;:true,&quot;userDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;appDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;descriptor&quot;:&quot;C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\extensions\\{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}.xpi&quot;,&quot;installDate&quot;:1469558821000,&quot;updateDate&quot;:1469558821000,&quot;applyBackgroundUpdates&quot;:1,&quot;skinnable&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:21899,&quot;sourceURI&quot;:null,&quot;releaseNotesURI&quot;:null,&quot;softDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;foreignInstall&quot;:false,&quot;hasBinaryComponents&quot;:false,&quot;strictCompatibility&quot;:true,&quot;locales&quot;:[],&quot;targetApplications&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}&quot;,&quot;minVersion&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;,&quot;maxVersion&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;}],&quot;targetPlatforms&quot;:[],&quot;seen&quot;:true}&#xA;1474914296479   addons.xpi  DEBUG   getModTime: Recursive scan of {972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}&#xA;1474914296480   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Save changes&#xA;1474914296480   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Updating database with changes to installed add-ons&#xA;1474914296480   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Updating add-on states&#xA;1474914296481   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Writing add-ons list&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1474914296484   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.4&#xA;1474914296485   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1474914296486   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.4.3&#xA;1474914296506   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296513   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296515   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence&#xA;1474914299023   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299023   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299024   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299026   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting write&#xA;1474914299380   addons.repository   DEBUG   No addons.json found.&#xA;1474914299380   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Save changes&#xA;1474914299384   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting timer&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299405   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded&#xA;1474914299405   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   XPI Database saved, setting schema version preference to 17&#xA;1474914299477   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting write&#xA;1474914299569   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded&#xA;&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:122)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:271)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:119)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:218)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:211)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:207)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:120)&#xA;    at com.selenium.Test.main(Test.java:14)&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Failed to connect to binary FirefoxBinary(C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe) on port 7055; process output follows: &#xA;-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}&quot;,&quot;syncGUID&quot;:&quot;HNu4L8KMZCeB&quot;,&quot;location&quot;:&quot;app-global&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;theme&quot;,&quot;internalName&quot;:&quot;classic/1.0&quot;,&quot;updateURL&quot;:null,&quot;updateKey&quot;:null,&quot;optionsURL&quot;:null,&quot;optionsType&quot;:null,&quot;aboutURL&quot;:null,&quot;icons&quot;:{&quot;32&quot;:&quot;icon.png&quot;,&quot;48&quot;:&quot;icon.png&quot;},&quot;iconURL&quot;:null,&quot;icon64URL&quot;:null,&quot;defaultLocale&quot;:{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Default&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;The default theme.&quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:&quot;Mozilla&quot;,&quot;homepageURL&quot;:null,&quot;contributors&quot;:[&quot;Mozilla Contributors&quot;]},&quot;visible&quot;:true,&quot;active&quot;:true,&quot;userDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;appDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;descriptor&quot;:&quot;C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\extensions\\{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}.xpi&quot;,&quot;installDate&quot;:1469558821000,&quot;updateDate&quot;:1469558821000,&quot;applyBackgroundUpdates&quot;:1,&quot;skinnable&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:21899,&quot;sourceURI&quot;:null,&quot;releaseNotesURI&quot;:null,&quot;softDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;foreignInstall&quot;:false,&quot;hasBinaryComponents&quot;:false,&quot;strictCompatibility&quot;:true,&quot;locales&quot;:[],&quot;targetApplications&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}&quot;,&quot;minVersion&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;,&quot;maxVersion&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;}],&quot;targetPlatforms&quot;:[],&quot;seen&quot;:true}&#xA;1474914296479   addons.xpi  DEBUG   getModTime: Recursive scan of {972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}&#xA;1474914296480   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Save changes&#xA;1474914296480   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Updating database with changes to installed add-ons&#xA;1474914296480   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Updating add-on states&#xA;1474914296481   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Writing add-ons list&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1474914296484   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.4&#xA;1474914296485   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1474914296486   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.4.3&#xA;1474914296506   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296513   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296515   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence&#xA;1474914299023   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299023   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299024   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299026   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting write&#xA;1474914299380   addons.repository   DEBUG   No addons.json found.&#xA;1474914299380   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Save changes&#xA;1474914299384   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting timer&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299405   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded&#xA;1474914299405   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   XPI Database saved, setting schema version preference to 17&#xA;1474914299477   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting write&#xA;1474914299569   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded&#xA;&#xA;Build info: version: '2.50.0', revision: '1070ace', time: '2016-01-27 18:40:08'&#xA;System info: host: 'admin-PC', ip: '192.168.100.2', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_101'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:134)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:271)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:119)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:218)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:211)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:207)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:120)&#xA;    at com.selenium.Test.main(Test.java:14)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:&#xA;-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}&quot;,&quot;syncGUID&quot;:&quot;HNu4L8KMZCeB&quot;,&quot;location&quot;:&quot;app-global&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;theme&quot;,&quot;internalName&quot;:&quot;classic/1.0&quot;,&quot;updateURL&quot;:null,&quot;updateKey&quot;:null,&quot;optionsURL&quot;:null,&quot;optionsType&quot;:null,&quot;aboutURL&quot;:null,&quot;icons&quot;:{&quot;32&quot;:&quot;icon.png&quot;,&quot;48&quot;:&quot;icon.png&quot;},&quot;iconURL&quot;:null,&quot;icon64URL&quot;:null,&quot;defaultLocale&quot;:{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Default&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;The default theme.&quot;,&quot;creator&quot;:&quot;Mozilla&quot;,&quot;homepageURL&quot;:null,&quot;contributors&quot;:[&quot;Mozilla Contributors&quot;]},&quot;visible&quot;:true,&quot;active&quot;:true,&quot;userDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;appDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;descriptor&quot;:&quot;C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\extensions\\{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}.xpi&quot;,&quot;installDate&quot;:1469558821000,&quot;updateDate&quot;:1469558821000,&quot;applyBackgroundUpdates&quot;:1,&quot;skinnable&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:21899,&quot;sourceURI&quot;:null,&quot;releaseNotesURI&quot;:null,&quot;softDisabled&quot;:false,&quot;foreignInstall&quot;:false,&quot;hasBinaryComponents&quot;:false,&quot;strictCompatibility&quot;:true,&quot;locales&quot;:[],&quot;targetApplications&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}&quot;,&quot;minVersion&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;,&quot;maxVersion&quot;:&quot;48.0&quot;}],&quot;targetPlatforms&quot;:[],&quot;seen&quot;:true}&#xA;1474914296479   addons.xpi  DEBUG   getModTime: Recursive scan of {972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}&#xA;1474914296480   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Save changes&#xA;1474914296480   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Updating database with changes to installed add-ons&#xA;1474914296480   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Updating add-on states&#xA;1474914296481   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Writing add-ons list&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1474914296483   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1474914296484   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.4&#xA;1474914296485   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1474914296486   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.4.3&#xA;1474914296506   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1474914296507   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296513   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296514   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider&#xA;1474914296515   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence&#xA;1474914299023   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299023   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299024   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1474914299026   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting write&#xA;1474914299380   addons.repository   DEBUG   No addons.json found.&#xA;1474914299380   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Save changes&#xA;1474914299384   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting timer&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299401   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1474914299405   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded&#xA;1474914299405   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   XPI Database saved, setting schema version preference to 17&#xA;1474914299477   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting write&#xA;1474914299569   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded&#xA;&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:122)&#xA;    ... 7 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21615" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T10:24:20.383" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T10:24:20.383" Title="Firefox showing Blank page while running tests via selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-09-27T10:47:41.240" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22784" CreationDate="2016-09-27T02:58:36.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think its better to post your Code which you use to initialize &lt;code&gt;firefox&lt;/code&gt; web browser and the place where you exactly open the blank web browser.&#xA;Or &#xA;Try to initialize &lt;code&gt;firefox&lt;/code&gt; web driver with some custom wait time as below;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(&quot;./&quot;, new FirefoxOptions(), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(180));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="16035" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T09:11:56.870" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T09:11:56.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22787" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-27T04:22:48.090" Score="0" ViewCount="3620" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario where there are multiple audio files (more than 10000) and I need to find a solution to check that whether all audios are playing well on browsers.. Can someone please suggest how can I do it in selenium or any workaround for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17762" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T23:55:22.210" Title="How can I assert an audio play in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22758" CreationDate="2016-09-27T04:48:01.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't no much about Sikuli, but from the programming perspective i can give you an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the &lt;code&gt;AssemblyCleanup&lt;/code&gt; level write a method to move/copy the existing &lt;code&gt;SikuliOutputLog.txt&lt;/code&gt; to your custom location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string source = &quot;C:\\A\\SikuliOutputLog.txt&quot;;&#xA;File.Move(Source, &quot;C:\\AA\\SikuliOutputLog.txt&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:37:14.090" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:37:14.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22750" CreationDate="2016-09-27T05:10:01.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you have to search the package name of the application and the Main activity name of the application where you want to launch / open / run at the android device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in you case web browsers package name will be &quot;com.android.chrome&quot;(default page name for chrome browser.) -&gt;use this command:&lt;code&gt;adb shell dumpsys meminfo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the activity name using below command;&#xA;adb shell dumpsys window windows.&#xA;And the activity name will be &lt;code&gt;&quot;org.chromium.chrome.browser.ChromeTabbedActivity&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now use your selenium scripting skills to navigate to a web page and do the actions.&#xA;Its same as selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T05:10:01.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22791" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-27T06:00:05.983" Score="0" ViewCount="4532" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium with C# to focus on an iframe which does not contain any name or id. I have tried to use an index 0 as there is only one frame on the page but I am getting the following errors: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.InvalidSelectorException &#xA; &amp;amp; Error: The given selector frame#0,iframe#0 is either invalid or does not result in a WebElement. The following error occurred:&#xA;InvalidSelectorError: An invalid or illegal selector was specified &#xA; &amp;amp; InnerException&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea how I can focus on the iframe apart from these 3 options?&#xA;Any help is highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21481" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:35:08.327" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T01:12:38.793" Title="Setting focus to an iframe using selenium by its frame index which does not have neither Name nor Id" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22784" CreationDate="2016-09-27T06:02:03.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should downgrade you Firefox version from 48 to 46. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21481" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T06:02:03.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9496" CreationDate="2016-09-27T06:13:12.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may try to click it with JS, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaScriptLibrary.CallEmbeddedSelenium(driver, &quot;triggerMouseEventAt&quot;, element, &quot;click&quot;, &quot;0,0&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess if disabling Native events brakes other parts of the test, doing clicks with js could be the workaround, It did work for me at least&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21621" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T06:13:12.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22794" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-27T06:59:29.373" Score="3" ViewCount="18828" Body="&lt;p&gt;If my total number of threads are 100 i.e 100 requests are being sent to application with say in 100 seconds.&#xA;So requests are made to server but is there any formula which can give concurrent users simulated when 100 requests/threads are sent by jmeter?&#xA;How many concurrent users are accessing the system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21624" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T12:07:00.773" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T01:30:22.770" Title="How to calculate concurrent users in jmeter through number of threads configured during the test" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22794" CreationDate="2016-09-27T08:02:36.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This depends on the ramp up period as well. For example if the total number of threads are 100 and ramp up period is given as 5, then this equals to 20 threads getting executed per second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want all the 100 Users to act in a second, give the ramp up period as &#xA;1. Although even this doesn't ensure concurrency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For closer results and simulation use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeter-synchronizing-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the Synchronous Timer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-09-27T11:31:38.380" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T11:31:38.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22776" CreationDate="2016-09-27T08:05:22.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We tried to base our Android tests on marketing surveys, the results were mixed.&#xA;To begin with a marketing name like 'Nokia 6210' is not good enough, you need a specific model ID since hardware and software have significant variations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then we found, as expected, that the market is highly segregated- each model has a really small percentage of market share, and it's far from being statistically significant to choose between a 1.12% (of market share) device and 1.43%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But at the end you don't have another, better, choice. There are hundreds of sub models, sub OS and browser versions putting a huge price tag on testing, even if you use this or that virtual, remote test services&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T08:05:22.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22791" CreationDate="2016-09-27T08:10:56.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there is one &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt; , it might be the window you are working on. However, you can find no. of iframes using List&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; iframe_element=driver.finelements(By.tagName(&quot;iframe&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;number of iframes&quot;+iframe_elemen.size());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you should try hit and trial method to find out the &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt; to work on using loop and you can switch to iframe using 3 ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;switchTo.frame(int frame_number);&#xA;switchTo.frame(String frame_name);&#xA;switchTo.frame(WebElement frame_element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code in java though, but crux will remain the same as i only know to work on selenium with java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:35:40.873" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:35:40.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22750" CreationDate="2016-09-27T08:54:29.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have installed Android SDK in eclipse, you will find uiautomatorviewer in sdk folders. This will take the screenshot of the app and from there you can identify the elements.&#xA;To use uiautimatorviewer click &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.seleniumeasy.com/appium-tutorials/inspect-elements-using-uiautomatorviewer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14711" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T08:54:29.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22776" CreationDate="2016-09-27T09:05:22.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing for all devices is difficult thing. But you can test your app by checking different OS version-wise.&#xA;If you looking to test on different devices you use third party service provider for cloud device.&#xA;Try for &lt;a href=&quot;http://bitbar.com/testing/try-for-free/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testdroid/Bitbar&lt;/a&gt;, here you can get free devices for Manual Testing too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14711" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T09:05:22.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22784" CreationDate="2016-09-27T09:40:44.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try for creating Desired Capabilities for the firefox browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver;&#xA;String baseUrl , nodeUrl;&#xA;baseUrl = &quot;https://www.google.com&quot;;&#xA;nodeUrl = &quot;http://192.168.10.21:5568/wd/hub&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capability = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capability.setBrowserName(&quot;firefox&quot;);&#xA;capability.setPlatform(Platform.WIN8_1);&#xA;&#xA;driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(nodeUrl),capability);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(2, TimeUnit.MINUTES);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14711" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T09:40:44.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22776" CreationDate="2016-09-27T10:20:27.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess to minimize risks, but limit mobile testing to a limited number of devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would test on something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each different Mobile OS version still in use significantly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Latest major browser versions on those OS's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most used resolutions of Mobile devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still I would wonder how much more confidence I would get when testing with more devices. Maybe a shortlist would be enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would create a shortlist based on &lt;em&gt;last 3 months&lt;/em&gt; data from &lt;a href=&quot;http://gs.statcounter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://gs.statcounter.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen resolution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operating system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T10:20:27.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22794" CreationDate="2016-09-27T11:05:53.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the field &quot;Number of Threads&quot; to set as many threads as required for your load test (eg. 100).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The field &quot;Loop Count&quot; is used to set the number of times each thread should run for eg. 100. You can select the checkbox 'Forever' if you want to threads to run as the checkbox suggests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T11:05:53.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22794" CreationDate="2016-09-27T11:24:40.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you can calculate it. Instead try to monitor it. All web-servers should a way to monitor current number of active connections. Start monitoring, start JMeter tests, check results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter users do not compare to real users as load-tests do not simulate real users. Real users have random &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soasta.com/blog/the-effects-of-using-think-time-to-adjust-level-of-load/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;think times&lt;/a&gt; on each action, while most load tests fire requests as fast as they can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load-testing is more about finding bottlenecks in your infrastructure and which part scale badly. Therefor I would ramp-up virtual users until it breaks and find out why it breaks. Then think about if this would be a problem in the production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have already have visit statistics like page requests per second on a comparable system then you perhaps can calculate how many virtual users are enough to represent an realistic test, but wonder if this is what you want to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soasta.com/blog/the-effects-of-using-think-time-to-adjust-level-of-load/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.soasta.com/blog/the-effects-of-using-think-time-to-adjust-level-of-load/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webperformance.com/library/tutorials/CalculateNumberOfLoadtestUsers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.webperformance.com/library/tutorials/CalculateNumberOfLoadtestUsers/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://techbeacon.com/how-many-virtual-users-do-i-need-load-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://techbeacon.com/how-many-virtual-users-do-i-need-load-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T11:24:40.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22806" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-27T13:32:28.913" Score="0" ViewCount="1787" Body="&lt;p&gt;My group usually doesn't handle web testing, but for this project some of it falls on me and I'm working out automation as I go. The site isn't public, or I'd just provide it for reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium 2 and Python, I've managed to make some requested tests by reading documentation (and stack exchange) but I've hit a wall on checking text strings across languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's an always-present language selector element on the site that provides a menu of supported languages and changes the display language for text throughout the site. All of the CSS selectors used stay the same throughout these language changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know better than to make a separate copy of the test case for each language, since that will make updating and bugfixing too complicated. I'm not really sure what to do instead, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My best guess so far is to base the test around the language selector's current setting; set it at the start of the test and then use a string of if/elif statements to handle the string in each possible language. That at least works, but it feels clunky and overcomplicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What better ways are there to structure a test case for a situation like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import os&#xA;dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)&#xA;chrome_driver_path = [[the file path]]&#xA;import unittest&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;lang = [[the CSS selector for the language change element]]&#xA;site_lng = eng #can be eng/fra/ita/ger/spa&#xA;&#xA;class chrome_english(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    @classmethod&#xA;    def setUpClass(cls):&#xA;        cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_driver_path)&#xA;        cls.driver.maximize_window()&#xA;        cls.driver.get(&quot;https://www.url.com/&quot;+site_lng+&quot;/main&quot;)&#xA;        # wait for main logo or tests run before page elements have loaded&#xA;        WebDriverWait(cls.driver, 20).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, &quot;logo-large&quot;)))&#xA;&#xA;    @classmethod&#xA;    def tearDownClass(cls):&#xA;        cls.driver.close()&#xA;&#xA;    def test_navLeft_03(self):&#xA;        e = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector('div.menu-main&amp;gt;div:nth-child(2)&amp;gt;a').text&#xA;        if self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(lang).text==&quot;ENGLISH&quot;:&#xA;            self.assertEqual(e, 'News')&#xA;        elif self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(lang).text==&quot;FRANCAIS&quot;:&#xA;            self.assertEqual(e, 'Actualités')&#xA;        elif self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(lang).text==&quot;ITALIANO&quot;:&#xA;            self.assertEqual(e, 'Notizie')&#xA;        elif self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(lang).text==&quot;DEUTCH&quot;:&#xA;            self.assertEqual(e, 'Neuigkeiten')&#xA;        elif self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(lang).text==&quot;ESPANOL&quot;:&#xA;            self.assertEqual(e, 'Noticias')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21629" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T09:33:52.413" Title="Building test cases to check text strings in multiple languages in Webdriver / Python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22806" CreationDate="2016-09-27T14:20:05.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like a good case for a data-driven testing. Create a file (spreadsheet) with column for each language and row for every word you want to assert. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then read the whole file and check whatever (one) language you want. Python is excellent for this kind of tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T14:20:05.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22782" CreationDate="2016-09-27T16:45:27.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I solved the problem by moving the if statement to the button-1006-btnEl as it is the part throwing the error. I also used the .isDisplayed() method which seems to work out perfectly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I did instead&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void close()&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(delete)).click();&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;syn-delete-btn-btnEl&quot;)).click();&#xA;            Thread.sleep(989);&#xA;            if (driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button-1006-btnEl&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;            {&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button-1006-btnEl&quot;)).click();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;            catch(Exception e)&#xA;            {&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;                Assert.fail();&#xA;            }&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21613" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T16:45:27.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22787" CreationDate="2016-09-27T23:55:22.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @ramnath said, it would be better if you provide more information about the audio player.&#xA;In the worst case, where you won't be able to assert automatically the audio, you can automate part of the testing implementing something like the Cucumber's method ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See more information in this link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://technicaldebt.com/manual-cucumber-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://technicaldebt.com/manual-cucumber-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although it won't be as fast as a computer, this &quot;semi-automated&quot; test can be done with better reliability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-09-27T23:55:22.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22806" CreationDate="2016-09-28T04:22:01.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One more way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a &lt;code&gt;.properties&lt;/code&gt; file &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Declare your all the language strings (could be separate &lt;code&gt;.prop&lt;/code&gt; for different locale)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whenever you want to assert for string use it from there. For example, refer below snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals((your_web_element.getText()),languageProps.getProperty(&quot;your_string_from_prop&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals((your_web_element.getText()), &quot;your_string_for_locale&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:37:11.533" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:37:11.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22794" CreationDate="2016-09-28T04:44:13.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's split your question into 2 parts: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Concurrent users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requests per second &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Concurrency depends on your test plan and application response time. JMeter acts as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It starts all threads within specified ramp-up period&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each thread starts executing samplers upside down (or according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#logic_controllers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Logic Controllers&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When thread doesn't have any more samplers to execute or loops to iterate it is being shut down&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you add 100 users make sure your test plan run long enough so all of them could have a chance to act simultaneously. You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter HTML Reporting Dashboard&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ActiveThreadsOverTime/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Active Threads Over Time Listener&lt;/a&gt; in order to monitor actual concurrency. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-test-results-why-actual-users-number-lower-expected&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Test Results: Why the Actual Users Number is Lower than Expected&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed explanation. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Requests per second also depends on application response time. For example, if you have 100 virtual users and application response time is 1 second - you will able to send 100 requests per second as JMeter samplers are waiting for the server response. If response time will be 2 seconds - you will be able to send 50 requests per second, etc. Concurrency can be controlled via &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-throughput-constant-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Constant Throughput Timer&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ThroughputShapingTimer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Throughput Shaping Timer&lt;/a&gt; and monitored via &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/HitsPerSecond/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Server Hits Per Second&lt;/a&gt; graph or aforementioned &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTML Reporting Dashboard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T04:44:13.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22816" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-28T11:13:51.757" Score="3" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to measure the response time of the page level elements of a web page during load testing using IBM  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-03.ibm.com/software/products/en/performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rational Performance Tester&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, suppose I have clicked a submit button after filling a form on a web page. I want to measure the response time of this transaction ( i.e. clicking on submitting button and getting its response back). In a simple sense, I want to track response time for individual elements of a web page to know which part is taking more time to respond. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I do this using RPT? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T05:32:29.660" LastActivityDate="2021-04-16T13:59:52.913" Title="How to monitor the response time of page level individual elements of web page using RPT?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;rpt&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22818" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-28T12:05:33.497" Score="2" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently using a data driven framework for my automation testings with Excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I have more than 255 characters, in my Excel cell my tests fail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other alternatives with Excel or Selenium that I can use when there are more than 255 characters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21481" LastActivityDate="2016-11-27T13:39:51.523" Title="Data Driven Framework Limitation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22818" CreationDate="2016-09-28T12:32:32.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Standard CSV shouldn't have such a limitation. Database, XML, JSON, plain text or hardcoded. The possibilities are limitless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-09-28T12:32:32.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-28T14:33:27.553" Score="2" ViewCount="228" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is any iOS automation framework able to go to system settings and check some settings ex click on wireless networks ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really need some automated interacting . Is appium able to do that ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16178" LastActivityDate="2017-12-23T19:12:20.640" Title="iOS QA automation tool - clicking on system settings" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22825" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-29T04:17:42.003" Score="0" ViewCount="942" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to access table using selenium. I wanted to take action on one table data i.e. link. But I dont have any attribute of that link which could be permanent. I have table data of other field which is having fixed text.Its sibling of link td.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; ng-repeat=&quot;key in DeviceList&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;ng-binding&quot; href=&quot;#&quot; ng-click=&quot;clickedDevice($index)&quot;&amp;gt;012&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Yuvraj&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-trash-o fa-lg&quot; ng-click=&quot;deleteDevice(key.devId)&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q: How to access that link using text of other td using Java + Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T08:13:16.603" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T10:48:51.857" Title="Java + Selenium + Table : How to access link[present in td] when you have text of sibling[td itself]?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22196" CreationDate="2016-09-29T05:04:23.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Export all the tests from QC to excel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using power of Excel you can remove duplicate test easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T05:04:23.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17876" CreationDate="2016-09-29T06:04:45.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our QA Services company we are using Mantis. Below are the steps to Add/Edit a new custom field: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The logged in user needs $g_manage_custom_fields_threshold access level.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &quot;Manage&quot; from the main menu.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &quot;Manage Custom Fields&quot; from the management menu.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case of edit, click on the name of an existing custom field to edit its information.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case of adding a new one, enter the name of the new custom field then click &quot;New Custom Field&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Added custom fields will not show up in any of the issues until the added custom field is linked to the appropriate projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More Information can be found at&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mantisbt.org/manual/admin.customize.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.mantisbt.org/manual/admin.customize.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/mantis-bug-tracker-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/mantis-bug-tracker-tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T06:04:45.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22825" CreationDate="2016-09-29T06:19:20.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems you want to access/locate the a link with reference to another element. With xpath we could achieve this by using 'sibling' or 'following' keywords. In automated testing services there are multiple locator strategies we could use like Xpath and Css. Css also have feature to access sibling element. Please refer to the tutorial which is related to use of siblings and references: &lt;a href=&quot;http://zvon.org/xxl/XPathTutorial/Output/example15.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://zvon.org/xxl/XPathTutorial/Output/example15.html&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T06:19:20.473" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22821" CreationDate="2016-09-29T07:36:44.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Appium can't do that, SeeTest from Experitest might be able to give you access to wireless network settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T07:36:44.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22825" CreationDate="2016-09-29T07:59:45.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If element is link text then you can use by link text element locator to locate that element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use below operation:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;By.linkText&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;By.partialLinkText&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14711" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T07:59:45.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21994" CreationDate="2016-09-29T08:05:55.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;new code&lt;/strong&gt; half the development time can be okay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;modifications&lt;/strong&gt; of existing software I would not use this estimate. In this case I would consider following issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does the test environment exist already or will it have to be created&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is the change isolated or does it impact integrated systems &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how long did the last test cycle take&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21666" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T08:05:55.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10304" CreationDate="2016-09-29T08:22:14.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not actually implement this scenario @Ben. But as you said, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IAP process may take you out of the app. Most probably browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In that cases its possible to automate it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confident because &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have automated successfully the scenario where my app also redirect user on browser. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'll say it would be the power of Appium to have support for Web and mobile platform in a same &amp;amp; single test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please give a try and let us all know if any smarter ways or challenges you face.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T08:22:14.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22825" CreationDate="2016-09-29T09:06:53.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use css path if that too doesn't work try to customize xpath.&#xA;To know more about it &lt;a href=&quot;http://xpath.alephzarro.com/content/cheatsheet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14711" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T09:06:53.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9646" CreationDate="2016-09-29T09:33:22.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simply you have to use SelectByValue it is very easy to select the value from dropdown in case you want to select specified value as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select sel = new Select(driver.findElementBy.xpath(&quot;//input[@data-reactid='184']&quot;)).SelectByValue(&quot;Airtel&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should use exact name to select from the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21668" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T09:33:22.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22837" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-29T10:38:42.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-03.ibm.com/software/products/en/performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rational Performance Tester&lt;/a&gt; is a tool for automated performance testing of web and server based applications from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_Software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rational Software&lt;/a&gt; division of IBM. t allows users to create tests that mimic user transactions between an application client and server. During test execution, these transactions are replicated in parallel to simulate a large transaction load on the server. Server response time measurements are collected to identify the presence and cause of any potential application bottlenecks. It is primarily used by Software Quality Assurance teams to perform automated software performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Key features&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code-free testing enables you to create test scripts without programming.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Root cause analysis tools find and diagnose the cause of performance problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real-time reporting enables immediate recognition of performance problems and renders a browser-like view of test results in web pages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test data can be generated from scripts, data pools with automated variation, and the insertion of custom Java® code for flexible test customization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing helps ensure applications are able to handle large user loads prior to deployment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T11:55:12.640" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T11:55:12.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22838" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-29T10:38:42.290" Score="0" Body="Rational Performance Tester is a tool for automated performance testing of web and server based applications from the Rational Software division of IBM." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T11:55:08.463" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T11:55:08.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22839" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-29T10:55:39.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a headless (GUI-less) WebKit with a JavaScript API. It has native support for various web standards: dom handling, css selector, json, canvas, and svg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PhantomJS is a solution for headless testing of web-based applications, site scraping, page capture, svg renderer, pdf converter and many other use cases. Since it isn't actually a browser, it is very fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PhantomJS was released January 23, 2011 by Ariya Hidayat after several years in development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Related projects&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PhantomJS has its own standalone execution environment, but it can be used through the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/webdriver&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;webdriver&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;webdriver&lt;/a&gt; wire protocol in various languages that provide bindings for &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/selenium&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;selenium&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;selenium&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CasperJS is another standalone framework that is built on top of PhantomJS (and runs in PhantomJS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PhantomJS needs some kind of bridge to be used directly from within a node.js script. Popular bridges include phantom, node-phantom, nightmare (nightmare version &amp;lt;1.8 used PhantomJS, now it's Electron), Horseman, navit, phridge, node-phantom-simple, jquery.go.js, SpookyJS (wrapper around CasperJS, which is a wrapper around PhantomJS), x-ray (use in addition x-ray). Questions concerning those bridges should be tagged with node.js as well as phantomjs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Documentation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Official website&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/documentation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Official docs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Github repository&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhantomJS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia entry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T12:51:56.803" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T12:51:56.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22840" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-29T10:55:39.117" Score="0" Body="PhantomJS is a headless (GUI-less) WebKit with a JavaScript API. It has native support for various web standards: DOM handling, CSS selector, JSON, Canvas, and SVG." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-29T12:51:53.857" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T12:51:53.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-29T11:19:34.417" Score="2" ViewCount="2049" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do we have a set of selenium code to improve page loading in browser so that test page loads faster while under test?&#xA;It would be of great help while automation testing is in progress. Would like to thanks you advance for solution, any short cut or feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21671" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-28T19:30:58.323" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T14:17:14.013" Title="How to reduce page execution time and thus speed up tests in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17292" CreationDate="2016-09-29T11:42:02.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To achieve this, you can use Assert.assertEquals as already answered above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Syntax is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(actual value, Expected value, &amp;quot;Your debug message that you want to display in case of failure&amp;quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For you it failed because I guess there is additional character &amp;quot;.&amp;quot; at the end of actual error message. But in your expected error message &amp;quot;.&amp;quot; is not there so the assertion might have failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21672" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2021-02-08T03:28:45.763" LastActivityDate="2021-02-08T03:28:45.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22843" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-29T12:14:13.620" Score="1" ViewCount="550" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nightmarejs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NightmareJS&lt;/a&gt; code for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to click Location Menu (which works fine) and clicking on any of the location menu sub menus works fine.. but for feature menu I am unable to get to say Traffic Cameras and Waze. Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This part is not working:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.click('i[title=&quot;toggleWaze&quot;]')&#xA;.screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1_featureWaze.png')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The website under test can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://smartway.tn.gov/traffic/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://smartway.tn.gov/traffic/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var Nightmare = require('nightmare');&#xA;var fs = require('fs');&#xA;var http = require('http');&#xA;&#xA;var bandcamp = new Nightmare()&#xA;    .viewport(1000, 1000)&#xA;    .useragent(&quot;Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.111 Safari/537.36&quot;)&#xA;    .goto('https://dev.tdot.tn.gov/smartway/traffic/')&#xA;    .wait(5000)&#xA;    .screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1.png')&#xA;    .click('button[title=&quot;Feature Menu&quot;]')&#xA;    .wait(5000)&#xA;    .screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1_feature.png'&#xA;&#xA;    .click('i[title=&quot;toggleWaze&quot;]')&#xA;    .screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1_featureWaze.png')&#xA;&#xA;    .click('a[title=&quot;Chattanooga&quot;]')&#xA;    .wait(3000)&#xA;    .screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1_location1.png')&#xA;&#xA;        .run(function (err, nightmare) {&#xA;      if (err) return console.log(err);&#xA;      console.log('Done!');&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21479" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T11:36:46.247" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T11:36:46.247" Title="NightmareJS code working but missing an element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;nightmarejs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22841" CreationDate="2016-09-29T12:32:28.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its unlikely you will be able to reduce the time to load a page (it is more likely the developers would need to make changes to enact this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However there are various ways to optimize your test cases, in particular around avoiding waits.  This will in turn mean your tests complete quicker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking to test that something is NOT present for example, then using the below would need to wait until the page is rendered and then a full timeout before returning a result (implicit wait).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertFalse(isElementPresent(PageElements.PDFLinkText),&quot;PDF link present when not expected&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List pdfslinks = driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;PDFLink&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;findElements() does not wait, but returns list of elements (located by locator). If List is empty if nothing is found. This is an Explicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This change alone improved the speed of each test by 20+ seconds.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T12:32:28.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1941" CreationDate="2016-09-29T15:06:40.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is what worked for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    taskkill /f /fi &quot;pid gt 0&quot; /im iexplore.exe&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have this in my pre-build events in the Visual Studio Solution. This is can be run from the command line, just call it in your project and you should be all set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also have the following line to close the the IE driver in case of failure to execute &lt;code&gt;driver.Quit()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;.Close()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  taskkill /f /fi &quot;pid gt 0&quot; /im IEDriverServer.exe&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21674" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T15:06:40.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22843" CreationDate="2016-09-29T17:29:03.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got it working after having a more thorough understanding of elements from my colleague.  It is a button.  change that to this....click('button[data-qa-hook=&quot;toggleWaze&quot;]')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21479" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T17:29:03.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22847" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22848" CreationDate="2016-09-29T19:27:40.653" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expected Conditions There are some common conditions that are&#xA;  frequently encountered when automating web browsers. The Java, C#, and&#xA;  Python bindings include convienence methods so you don’t have to code&#xA;  an ExpectedCondition class yourself or create your own utility package&#xA;  for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why are there no Expected conditions for ruby, javascript etc. ? How can I wait for conditions to be true in the missed languages ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T20:25:34.027" Title="Why is there no set of expected conditions for these languages?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22847" CreationDate="2016-09-29T20:08:52.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Java binding just sits in a sleep loop.  &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; is just a specialization of &lt;code&gt;FluentWait&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.java#L233&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is the implementation of &lt;code&gt;FluentWait.until&lt;/code&gt;; as you can see, it just sits in a loop, sleeping and checking a condition, until either the condition is satisfied or the timeout period passes.  I imagine the C# and Python bindings do the same thing.  There is no OS-level system call to block until something happens in the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do the same sleep loop thing in Ruby.  Javascript running on a browser is a different deal because there is no sleep method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-09-29T20:08:52.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22849" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-30T02:21:14.797" Score="4" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm the only QA engineer in a team of 4 developers. We are usually having deliverables and almost all of them are working on different projects. So I need to test it and I find myself playing catchup most of the time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to ask them how to test etc as I do not get enough time to think creatively &quot;how to break the code&quot;. In our Scrum retrospective, the team gave this feedback that they feel like they are spoon-feeding me.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I become better, more organized, disciplined Quality Engineer? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3092" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T13:43:53.310" Title="Only QA engineer for 4 developers, I'm always playing catchup. How can I be more proactive?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22849" CreationDate="2016-09-30T02:36:34.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think a few things you can do is to join in the meetings with the business rep to understand the feature better. I find breaking the code is part of testing. Have a test plan: what's in scope or out. Define how you will test it. Will it UI? API? which test level: system, integration, unit? To me, the most important part is to test the happy path ie functionality. There's BVA, EP and pair wise testing, domain. There are numerous types of non functional testing to perform: check for styles, security, performance, load, cross browser, device. of course, check what's in scope. you can also prioritise: smoke testing, new feature, enhancement, bug fix, functionality, cross browser, OS, regression, non-functionality in that order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are numerous testing tasks you can perform: have a register for defects and template for defect recording. Ensure you have a test management tool to record test steps, results, date e.t.c.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ensure you have a release notes so that you know what's in the code. analyse and propose test types and test levels. have a exit criteria: all high and critical defects are verified fixed e.t.c. have an entry criteria: e.g. new features pass smoke test or app pass smoke test. define and review with team members on defect severity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in short, have a process and stick to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T02:36:34.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22851" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-30T04:26:33.703" Score="0" ViewCount="600" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lqbXu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lqbXu.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a82ey.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a82ey.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kbp96.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kbp96.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find image, that I want to click on.&#xA;Functionality of image is dropdown button. By clicking on v,+ and on name will get drop down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;CommandBarItem beak-anchor command is-focused&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting an error that compound class names are not permitted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please can any help?&#xA;Thanks in Advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19366" LastEditorUserId="19366" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T06:19:09.537" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T07:04:31.723" Title="Unable to click on Text link - Observed &quot;InvalidSelectorException&quot; &amp; &quot;Compound class names not permitted&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22851" CreationDate="2016-09-30T04:38:23.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a compound class,And compound classes cant be used in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try some other way to find the element or use the &lt;strong&gt;CSSSelector&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compound means it contain spaces inside your class name.But selenium is only looking for class names which don't have any spaces in between the class name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If really needed to club class names, I will suggest to use &quot;.&quot;[dot] in between two class names&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T05:35:55.157" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T05:35:55.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22851" CreationDate="2016-09-30T04:50:06.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For locating elements using the ClassName you are not allowed to use compund class names. For example, in your case the element has 3 CSS classes and when you enter all of them in the &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;&lt;/code&gt; it is considered as a compound class name. This means that, it is considered as single class with spaces, which is not allowed in locating element with ClassName. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use a single class name to locate your element. If it doesn't have a unique class, then use CSSSelector (something like &#xA;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[name='CommandBarItem']&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;) or an even better option would be to use &lt;strong&gt;XPath&lt;/strong&gt;. You can get the XPath of the target element using the &lt;strong&gt;FirePath&lt;/strong&gt; extension of &lt;strong&gt;Mozilla FireFox&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Addendum As per the updates in the Question,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to test whether clicking one of the 3 links (+, New and v) will open a drop down list or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With your test script you are trying to click the div that encloses the 3 links and not the links themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should test each of the three links separately. Try,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clicking &lt;strong&gt;+&lt;/strong&gt; icon:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;CommandBarItem-Icon&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clicking &lt;strong&gt;NEW&lt;/strong&gt; link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;CommandBarItem-CommandText&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clicking &lt;strong&gt;v&lt;/strong&gt; (down arrow):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;od-CommandBarItem-down&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR TRY&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;od-CommandBarItem-link&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try the same with &lt;strong&gt;CSSSelector&lt;/strong&gt; or with &lt;strong&gt;XPath&lt;/strong&gt; as well. Just remember, DON'T TRY TO CLICK THE DIV. CLICK THE LINKS THAT HAVE AN ACTION TO OPEN DROP DOWN LIST WRITTEN ON.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T07:04:31.723" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T07:04:31.723" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22854" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-30T05:05:17.813" Score="1" ViewCount="5624" Body="&lt;p&gt;SCENARIO OF TEST CASE 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Opens the browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enters the username password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Goes to home page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Closes the browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SCENARIO OF TEST CASE 2: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Home page should be testes so the baseurl for this case is home page: &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open BaseUrl i.e. home page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then clicks the tabs of home pages.&#xA;&lt;br&gt; In order to run TEST CASE 2 first the browser should login which is TEST CASE 1. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question - How can I handle such interdependent cases using Selenium WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21374" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T05:28:47.900" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T11:49:58.113" Title="How to automate multiple selenium test cases where one test case is dependent with another test case?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22855" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22854" CreationDate="2016-09-30T05:17:08.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use    &lt;code&gt;[TestInitialize]&lt;/code&gt; and add Open browser ,Enter user name/password ,Go to home page Steps inside the    &lt;code&gt;[TestInitialize]&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then every time you run a test i will always do the above 3 steps before executing a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T05:17:08.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22854" CreationDate="2016-09-30T05:18:05.190" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try someting like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open Base URL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scenario 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to Login page.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter the username and password.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Login. Lands on the Home Page/Dashboard/Whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scenario 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goes to home page (User still logged in).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click Tab1. Perform actions to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click Tab2. Perform actions to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click TabN. Perform actions to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;End Of Tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Destroy driver object.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Close browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scenario 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open Browser&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to Login page.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter the username and password.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Login. Lands on the Home Page/Dashboard/Whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Destroy driver object.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Close browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scenario 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open Browser&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to Login page.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter the username and password.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Login. Lands on the Home Page/Dashboard/Whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goes to home page (User still logged in).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click Tab1. Perform actions to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click Tab2. Perform actions to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click TabN. Perform actions to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Destroy driver object.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Close browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Personally I'd go with Option 1!!!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T05:18:05.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22851" CreationDate="2016-09-30T05:59:08.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;OK, Use Firefox Selenium IDE to perform the same thing.&#xA;After recording the step please review the code and check how does Selenium IDE capture that element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download FireFox&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download and install Selenium IDE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record the steps that you have the issue with &quot;Unable to click on&#xA;Text link - Observed “InvalidSelectorException” &amp;amp; “Compound class&#xA;names not permitted”&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After sucsussfully recording the step try play back the steps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it successfully playing back then go to Options -&gt;Format and&#xA;select c# /Nunit/Webdriver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then click on &quot;source&quot; tab at the main screen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There you can find the exact way selenium IDE use to find that&#xA;elemant.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code you can see a the Source section is compatible with c# so you can use the same code on your c# project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T06:34:06.653" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T06:34:06.653" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22849" CreationDate="2016-09-30T06:04:17.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have to ask them how to test etc as I do not get enough time to think creatively &quot;how to break the code&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do not you read the requirements yourself? Discuss with business team or project manager in case of confusion. &lt;strong&gt;Never ask to developer about requirements/change request/defects. Understand yourself the complete requirement.&lt;/strong&gt; It is not the developers' responsibility to give briefings about requirements/change requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The team gave this feedback that they feel like they are spoon-feeding me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes! they are spoon-feeding you, if you ask to them about how to test.&#xA;If you are new to this, first spend some days for learning about SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T06:04:17.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22849" CreationDate="2016-09-30T07:27:53.800" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you are in a Scrum team, also think in Scrum ways of working:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scrum recognizes no titles for Development Team members other than&#xA;  Developer, regardless of the work being performed by the person; there&#xA;  are no exceptions to this rule;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means you are not supposed to be the sole tester on the team, everyone is responsible for the quality result. If one person testing is a bottleneck the team should find a way to remove that bottleneck. Either by more people testing or getting more testers. Preferable you teach the developers how they can test there or other developers work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am the only QA engineer for three Scrum five person teams, hence I cannot do all the testing work. I do train the developers how to think about testing, testing technique's, experiment with testing frameworks, etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile testing is not (just) &quot;about breaking the code&quot;, the Agile testing manifesto states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Preventing Defects&lt;/strong&gt; over Detecting Defects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some books and links I think you should read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile Testing Book: &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot;&gt;http://agiletester.ca/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agile Testing Manifesto: &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletestingalliance.org/agileBlogs/agile-testing-manifesto/&quot;&gt;http://agiletestingalliance.org/agileBlogs/agile-testing-manifesto/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing no longer means testing: &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T07:27:53.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12851" CreationDate="2016-09-30T10:24:34.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import win32com.client  &#xA;&#xA;shell = win32com.client.Dispatch(&quot;WScript.Shell&quot;)  &#xA;shell.Sendkeys(&quot;C:\text.txt&quot;)  &#xA;shell.Sendkeys(&quot;~&quot;)  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will resolve the issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21690" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T10:51:52.513" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T10:51:52.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22854" CreationDate="2016-09-30T11:49:58.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very common problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, if you haven't already done so, you need to refactor your test code to put the login routine into a helper method. Your helpers should be used to minimize repeated code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd approach the test code this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// initialization&#xA;[TestInitialize]&#xA;// method that calls the browser open routine and goes to the login page &#xA;&#xA;[Test]&#xA;public void Test1 () &#xA;    {&#xA;        // call the login method for user X&#xA;        // assert that you're actually logged in as the expected user&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;[Test]&#xA;public void Test2()&#xA;    {&#xA;        // call the login method&#xA;        // call the first tab method&#xA;        // assert that you're on the first tab&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;// Add test methods for each tab using the same pattern as Test2&#xA;&#xA;[TearDown]&#xA;// call the browser close method after each test&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This keeps your test code clean, lets you use actions you test one test as setup steps for a second test, and ensures that every test has proper separation of concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find you're stringing together a lot of method calls in your tests, build higher level calls to do this, so instead of calling login, then go to tab 1 for a test of something on tab 1, you'd call something like &lt;code&gt;LogonAndGoToTab1()&lt;/code&gt; which in turn calls the login function then the go to tab 1 function. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T11:49:58.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25929" CreationDate="2016-09-30T12:23:04.013" Score="3" ViewCount="12309" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, in the AUT there's a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; loading screen covering the entire page, which then fades out and gets replaced in the DOM by the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using ExpectedConditions for visibility and clickable, but while these elements are already being displayed, the loading screen is still fading out, so of course I'm getting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.InvalidOperationException: unknown error: &#xA;Element is not clickable at point (115, 327). &#xA;Other element would receive the click: &amp;lt;div class=&quot;pg-loading-center-middle&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I &lt;em&gt;dynamically&lt;/em&gt; wait in another way to account for the fade delay?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T05:31:10.487" Title="Selenium: how to wait for javascript fadeout (visibility and clickable don't work)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22864" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-09-30T12:51:39.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nightwatch.js&lt;/strong&gt; is an easy to use Node.js based End-to-End (E2E) testing solution for browser based apps and websites. It uses the powerful &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/selenium-webdriver&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;selenium-webdriver&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt; API to perform commands and assertions on DOM elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Resources&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Official website&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nightwatchjs/nightwatch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Github repository&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T13:43:05.673" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T13:43:05.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22865" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-09-30T12:51:39.870" Score="0" Body="Nightwatch.js is an easy to use Node.js based End-to-End (E2E) testing solution for browser based apps and websites." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-09-30T13:43:08.423" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T13:43:08.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-30T13:05:59.837" Score="1" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a windows application installed on Windows Desktop OS. Another module is server module which is installed on server(Windows server 08,2012). These two modules communicate with each other over a network. I have below scenario which has to be grouped in bug severity. Below are some observations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Client installs successfully&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is no client crash during running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Icon do not appear on taskbar[High]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Machine 1&lt;/strong&gt; [Pass]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 10 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2008 (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 10 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2012 (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 10 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2008 with NLA (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 10 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2012 with NLA (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Machine 2&lt;/strong&gt; [Pass] (runs on other two windows 8.1 machine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2008 (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2012 (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2008 with NLA (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2012 with NLA (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Machine 3&lt;/strong&gt; [Blocker] (Laptop)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2008 (Error 2,3,4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2012 (Error 2,3,4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2008 with NLA (Error 2,3,4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2012 with NLA (Error 1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Machine 4&lt;/strong&gt; [Pass]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 7 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2008 (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 7 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2012 (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 7 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2008 with NLA (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 7 &amp;lt;-&amp;gt; Windows server 2012 with NLA (Works as expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are error generated on server machine in event viewer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error 1.&lt;/strong&gt; RDPClient_SSL: An error was encountered when transitioning from TsSslStateHandshakeInProgress to TsSslStateDisconnecting in response to TsSslEventHandshakeContinueFailed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error 2.&lt;/strong&gt; The certificate received from the remote server was issued by an untrusted certificate authority. Because of this, none of the data contained in the certificate can be validated. The SSL connection request has failed. The attached data contains the server certificate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error 3.&lt;/strong&gt; A fatal alert was generated and sent to the remote endpoint. This may result in termination of the connection. The TLS protocol defined fatal error code is 48. The Windows SChannel error state is 552.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error 4.&lt;/strong&gt; An error occurred while using SSL configuration for endpoint 0.0.0.0:38863.  The error status code is contained within the returned data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What should be the result?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Should the build be rejected as it is not working on one of the machine ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to severe it should be to be a blocker issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do i have to reject both builds if issue found?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21691" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T14:19:40.717" Title="How to set a severity of a build if it do not work in certain combination?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22863" CreationDate="2016-09-30T13:35:55.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can't you just wait for the loading element to be not visible with the &lt;code&gt;.isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; function?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for body elements to be displayed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for &lt;code&gt;pg-loading-center-middle&lt;/code&gt; div to be not displayed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T13:35:55.107" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22866" CreationDate="2016-09-30T14:19:40.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Shouldn't the business owners set the severity? Unless it blocks testing just signal the issue. Same goes for rejecting the build, maybe its fine to release with a known issue list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you should discuss this internally within the company and set standards. Like if errors happen on this or that, then we do this or that. There is not a one-size fits all solution for your questions, greatly depends on the context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some observations from my side:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Icon do not appear on taskbar [High]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if no users really use the taskbar-icon? Is it really that high?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Machine 3 [Blocker] (Laptop)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 8.1? 7.92% usage statistics, is this really a blocker? Verify if you have users using Windows 8.1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also this looks like an configuration issue on the client-side&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-09-30T14:19:40.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22869" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-09-30T14:44:09.657" Score="0" ViewCount="312" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sikuli uses image recognition, so it needs (&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com/quickstart/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;from Sikuli quickstart&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Real Screen needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Using Virtual Machines - ...should usually work...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Machine not useable in parallel while SikuliX scripts or programs are running&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using VM and it works fine while it is opened on a real PC via RDP and is not minimized to task pane. This PC even could be locked (we have security restriction on displaying tested application), and Sikuli still works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So until now I have these restrictions in Sikuli usage (sikuli tests are running all day long in a cycle):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Separate real PC (see &quot;not useable in parallel while SikuliX running&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Several RDP sessions with VM on which each Sikuli test is running are opened on this PC.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other (especially better) way to organize testing infrastructure for Sikuli tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T11:53:08.800" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T18:35:18.660" Title="What is the best way to organize daylong testing with Sikuli?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;&lt;test-infrastructure&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10374" CreationDate="2016-10-01T04:37:34.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot distribute a single Thread Group among several samplers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to assign 50 users each to 2 different samplers you will have to use 2 different Thread Groups. Configure the number of threads as 50 in both. Then add one sampler in each of those Thread Group. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add more than one Thread Group in one Test Plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-10-01T04:37:34.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-02T16:34:55.020" Score="1" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a script to scan URL using zap python API, I am using Ubuntu 14.04, Python 2.7 and Zap 2.5 version. I have installed zap by following &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/zaproxy/zaproxy/wiki/ApiPython&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;these instructions&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I try to run, I'm getting the below error after spider has started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the stacktrace:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File &quot;scan.py&quot;, line 23, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;    zap.spider.scan(target)&#xA;  File &quot;build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/zapv2/spider.py&quot;, line 156, in scan&#xA;  File &quot;build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/zapv2/__init__.py&quot;, line 145, in _request&#xA;  File &quot;build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/zapv2/__init__.py&quot;, line 124, in urlopen&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py&quot;, line 87, in urlopen&#xA;    return opener.open(url)&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py&quot;, line 208, in open&#xA;    return getattr(self, name)(url)&#xA;  File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py&quot;, line 352, in open_http&#xA;    'got a bad status line', None)&#xA;IOError: ('http protocol error', 0, 'got a bad status line', None)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python&#xA;# coding: latin-1&#xA;&#xA;import time&#xA;#import urllib2&#xA;from pprint import pprint&#xA;from zapv2 import ZAPv2&#xA;&#xA;# Here the target is defined and an instance of ZAP is created.&#xA;target = 'http://google-gruyere.appspot.com/start'&#xA;zap = ZAPv2()&#xA;&#xA;# Use the line below if ZAP is not listening on 8090.&#xA;# zap = ZAPv2(proxies={'http': 'http://127.0.0.1:8090', 'https': 'http://127.0.0.1:9090'})&#xA;&#xA;# ZAP starts accessing the target.&#xA;print 'Accessing target %s' % target&#xA;zap.urlopen(target)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;&#xA;# The spider starts crawling the website for URL’s&#xA;print 'Spidering target %s' % target&#xA;zap.spider.scan(target)&#xA;&#xA;# Progress of spider&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;print 'Status %s' % zap.spider.status&#xA;while (int(zap.spider.status) &amp;lt; 100):&#xA;   print 'Spider progress %: ' + zap.spider.status&#xA;&#xA;   time.sleep(400)&#xA;&#xA;print 'Spider completed'&#xA;&#xA;# Give the passive scanner a chance to finish&#xA;time.sleep(5)&#xA;&#xA;# The active scanning starts&#xA;print 'Scanning target %s' % target&#xA;zap.ascan.scan(target)&#xA;while (int(zap.ascan.status) &amp;lt; 100):&#xA;   print 'Scan progress %: ' + zap.ascan.status&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:37:05.617" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:37:05.617" Title="Unable to run zap scan script using Zap python client" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;zapproxy&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22863" CreationDate="2016-10-03T05:44:33.540" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really dont no whether this helps you or not ,Any how try to get some idea or try to implement something with he same logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public void CheckDivPane()&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(2000);&#xA;            if (&amp;lt;check your div panel is visible or not&amp;gt;)&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                    Thread.Sleep(2000);&#xA;                    //again cal the same method&#xA;                    CheckDivPane();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                Perform the action&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T05:44:33.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22881" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-03T12:30:07.027" Score="3" ViewCount="395" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a large part in our code base that was never reviewed and has a lot of flaws. As every tool I know only allows code review by pull request, is there any tool to review an existing code base, so that we can comment on every line?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1695" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T11:46:46.610" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T11:46:46.610" Title="Can you suggest any tool to review an existing code base effectively?" Tags="&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22882" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-03T14:07:03.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jasmine.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt; is a stand-alone &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;behavior-driven development&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/bdd&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;bdd&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;bdd&lt;/a&gt;) framework used for unit-testing of &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/javascript&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;javascript&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;javascript&lt;/a&gt; code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jasmine tests are broken up into &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; statements. &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt; is used to denote the start of a test suite and &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; is used to denote the start of a particular test. &lt;code&gt;expect&lt;/code&gt; statements are then used to outline the conditions under which a test should pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;beforeEach&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;afterEach&lt;/code&gt; are some other frequently used blocks. &lt;code&gt;beforeEach&lt;/code&gt; is used to run some code before each test. Something like loading a module. Similarly &lt;code&gt;afterEach&lt;/code&gt; is used to run some code after each test. Running some cleanup code for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Jasmine DOM Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to write unit tests for code that does a lot of &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_Object_Model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;DOM&lt;/a&gt; interactions using &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JQuery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jQuery&lt;/a&gt;, consider using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/velesin/jasmine-jquery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;jasmine-jquery&lt;/a&gt;. Jasmine-jQuery offers interacting with dummy HTML through HTML fixtures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Resources&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jasmine.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine (Official)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jasmine/jasmine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine Source code&lt;/a&gt; on GitHub&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jasmine.github.io/2.0/introduction.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T15:39:17.480" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T15:39:17.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22883" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-03T14:07:03.660" Score="0" Body="Jasmine is a behavior-driven development (BDD) framework for testing JavaScript code. Jasmine has no external dependencies and does not require a DOM." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T15:39:14.740" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T15:39:14.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22881" CreationDate="2016-10-03T15:36:14.130" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/crucible&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Crucible&lt;/a&gt; (like user246 suggested) seems like a tool which has the functionality you are looking for. I have used it in the past to review commits and not pull requests. I think you can also assign parts of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you can have a look at the open-source &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reviewboard.org/docs/manual/dev/users/review-requests/creating/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Review Board which supports multiple ways to create reviews, from commits, hooks or even dragging files&lt;/a&gt;. There are more alternatives: &lt;a href=&quot;http://alternativeto.net/software/crucible/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://alternativeto.net/software/crucible/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code quality&lt;/strong&gt; can also be viewed/measured with a static code analyses tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SonarQube&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SonarQube&lt;/strong&gt;: Put your technical debt under control&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might result in which parts might need reviews and or refactoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-03T15:44:33.347" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T15:44:33.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22885" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-03T16:29:46.090" Score="0" ViewCount="226" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just wanted to know if it is possible to automate if a map is loading in an androin/ios app using Seetest. I write automation tests for android/ios apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;kalyan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21741" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T09:09:58.537" Title="Maps Automation possible with Seetest?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22885" CreationDate="2016-10-03T17:34:14.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends, type of map, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as SeeTest has a fallback in interacting with images it should be able to automate anything on the screen if you could do it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/download/seetestautomation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SeeTest has a 30day trail&lt;/a&gt;, so just try it out with your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T17:34:14.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22887" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-03T17:40:54.710" Score="1" ViewCount="2613" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Nightmare to doing some screen caps on a site. This below is a small dropdown in a site with many different option values. Note that this is Nightmare and not in Phantomjs. Although same the coding slightly differs. Not sure how to traverse the option values when there is no name to call from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;filterRegionAndDistrict&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select name=&quot;selectRegionAndDistrict&quot; data-bind=&quot;foreach:     $root.regionsAndDistricts, value: selectedGroupOption&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option data-bind=&quot;text: text, option: $data&quot; value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;All&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option data-bind=&quot;text: text, option: $data&quot; value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;TR1&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option data-bind=&quot;text: text, option: $data&quot; value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;TR2&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option data-bind=&quot;text: text, option: $data&quot; value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;TR3&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;my nightmare script captures all but only I am unable to drill down to the options of selecting say TR4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one works&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.click('select[name=&quot;selectRegionAndDistrict&quot;]')&#xA;.viewport(1280, 1000)&#xA;.wait(5000)&#xA;.screenshot('captures/region01.png')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one does not works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.click('option[text=&quot;TR4&quot;]')&#xA;.viewport(1280, 1000)&#xA;.wait(5000)&#xA;.screenshot('captures/TR4.png')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions? How do I traverse down this drop-down options menu?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21479" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T08:34:04.700" LastActivityDate="2019-06-08T16:54:00.447" Title="How to select options values in Nightmare js" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;nightmarejs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20066" CreationDate="2016-10-03T20:39:36.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not necessarily be equal as in option1 you are waiting for promise of click to return and then you are performing clear and sendkeys() whereas in option2 you are not waiting for promise to return so there might be a possibility of clear() and sendKeys() try to execute along with/after click().&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there is no necessary rule that option2 will give desired output all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21740" LastActivityDate="2016-10-03T20:39:36.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22890" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-03T22:59:57.923" Score="2" ViewCount="773" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/dwdyer/reportng&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ReportNG&lt;/a&gt; seems to be a commonly-used TestNG plugin among some of my colleagues, but it has effectively not been maintained since Sep 2, 2013.  Is there some alternative that has superseded it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6151" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T12:02:19.960" Title="Alternative to ReportNG?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20890" CreationDate="2016-10-04T02:03:01.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A long time ago (when I worked in the telephony business), Hammer was the tool to use for IVR (and may be even predictive dialer) testing. Looks like it is still around &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.empirix.com/products/hammer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for something more open source then may be try using the open source phone &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.asterisk.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;switch Asterisk&lt;/a&gt; and see if it can do some of the things that you are wanting to test (outbound dialing, DTMF input, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI, a good source for finding testing tools - whether commercial or open source is qatestingtools.com. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qatestingtools.com/search/node/voice&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is the results&lt;/a&gt; from there when searching for &quot;voice&quot;, so there may be other tools that would work for you as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2380" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-25T06:29:50.720" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T06:29:50.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22890" CreationDate="2016-10-04T03:46:51.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &quot;sure-fire reports&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give a try, this &quot;sure-fire&quot; is also having good amount of support &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate emailable reports using some comman color codes like green &amp;amp; red&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reports are in detail manner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T03:46:51.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22890" CreationDate="2016-10-04T04:57:20.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try extentreports.&#xA;Here is an sample with c#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sqaplus.blogspot.com/2016/09/using-extentreports-with-mstest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sqaplus.blogspot.com/2016/09/using-extentreports-with-mstest.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T04:57:20.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22898" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-04T06:30:45.577" Score="4" ViewCount="11265" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our product, we're implementing something like - &quot;video asset name is not allowed with special characters&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many special characters. In order to test or automate this, if I try to create a video name with every special character like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vid-eo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vid~eo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vid#eo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will be a large number of tests and it will take a lot of execution time. Is there any efficient way to test this? Can we extract 2-3 test cases to adequately test prevention of names with special characters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5218" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:07:55.123" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:07:55.123" Title="Test cases to test 'name without special characters'" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;validation&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2016-10-04T06:43:13.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use black-list tests, you will need a number of test cases, e.g. you need to test a name against a known list of special characters, if there is a match, test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How about go with a white-list approach, e.g. you test every single character, if this character is an alphabetical char? If every character is an alphabetical char, test success. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T06:43:13.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10024" CreationDate="2016-10-04T07:28:38.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unchecking the below option On Selenium IDE Window solved the issue for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Options--&amp;gt; Options--&amp;gt; Webdriver(tab)--&amp;gt; Enable WebDriver Playback(Uncheck)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21753" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T02:37:10.387" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:37:10.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2016-10-04T08:11:24.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume your talking about the test cases you need to actually test this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could just create an array with invalid characters and either choose randomly or iterate depending on the day of the week/month. This way you would be able to with sufficient confidence say that the software is not accepting these invalid characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21735" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T08:11:24.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2016-10-04T13:13:39.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Agree to Yu. I will use following approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We have text &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If its with special characters we can verify :&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;text.contains(&quot;special_char_which_you_wanted_to_chk&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When above case 1 failed - Means your string doesn't contains special characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note - You need to verify all special characters in loop if more in numbers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T13:13:39.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22905" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-04T13:40:35.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions regarding relationship between programmers &amp;amp; QA&amp;amp;T stuff, e.g. task separation, scheduling, communication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T17:20:13.897" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T17:20:13.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22906" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-04T13:40:35.423" Score="0" Body="Questions regarding relationship between programmers &amp; QA&amp;T stuff, e.g. task separation, scheduling, communication." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T17:20:11.003" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T17:20:11.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2016-10-04T15:28:35.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As there are to many characters to test them all. You need to think about how many cases you need to safe-guard. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think only two cases are needed to document the behavior&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one with special characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one without special characters &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try a couple different characters and combinations when doing exploratory testing sessions, but not create test-scripts for a lot of cases. It possible to add more cases in the future if they are found to be giving problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second I would also look at the actual code. I would presume a regular expression is used. Verify that it is correct. Verify that it has positive and negative unit-tests. If it has tests I would wonder if you need a test-script to safeguard it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do want to test all cases, create a list and loop your test with the cases. I like this list: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/minimaxir/big-list-of-naughty-strings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://github.com/minimaxir/big-list-of-naughty-strings&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other questions I would ask are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is a special character? &lt;code&gt;~!@#$%^&amp;amp;*()-_=+[]\{}|;':&quot;,./&amp;lt;&amp;gt;?&lt;/code&gt; + ` or also UTF-8 characters like chinees: 漢字&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How about numbers? &lt;code&gt;1234567890&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why are they not allowed? Just handle them correctly everywhere, make your application uni-code compliant.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just include any problematic characters to an exclude list, can we make the test list much shorter?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-04T15:36:26.847" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T15:36:26.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22908" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-04T17:00:51.097" Score="2" ViewCount="294" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the key tasks and responsibilities of the Quality Engineering group in a modern Agile web development group?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T11:59:43.200" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T13:11:20.393" Title="What does QE do in a modern agile web development environment?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-06T02:35:19.080" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22908" CreationDate="2016-10-04T17:00:51.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review application and test code PRs*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document bugs in a bug tracking system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pair with developers on new feature tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continually build business domain knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Investigate and fix Intermittent test failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write new feature specs for existing functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactor existing tests to improve test code quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write and configure mobile specific test automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document procedures and workflows in wikis for all&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manually test staging before production deployments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get feedback from real users to drive usability efforts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Develop tools and infrastructure to test mobile devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Aid in defining and monitoring company quality metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pair with developers on test plans for new features and bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Champion and evangelize good quality development practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contribute to Agile processes from Sprint Planning to Retrospectives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Champion good quality practices through presentations and Lunch and Learns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Champion and demonstrate accessibility and usability issues and good practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensures all the testing quadrants are covered: Unit, Functional, Performance and Exploratory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* Pull Requests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T13:11:20.393" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T13:11:20.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20078" CreationDate="2016-10-04T20:28:45.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have encountered this problem while working for a major mobile device manufacturer in the Seattle area. Ultimately what I ended up doing was building an Anechoic RF Test Chamber - on the cheap - which allowed me to control my RF environment to a very fine degree. In my case, I acquired an interior storage closet and had it painted with RF shielding paint over all of the major surfaces. I then used anechoic RF tiles to shield the door, drop-down ceiling and my power and data sockets. I was about to achieve about a 40db reduction in RF for WIFI channel 11 which was more than sufficient to reduce most interference. Total cost for my 6'x4' &quot;RF Chamber&quot; ended up being about $3000 when all was said and done. You can spend a lot more fore a professionally designed RF Chamber/Lab, but if your application is for simply getting rid of unwanted WIFI interference in your testing this is a pretty cheap way to get there. The ROI argument follows directly from the cheapness of the solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also other alternatives - you can by an &quot;RF Tent&quot; which will give you some RF isolation - these can be as cheap as $300 for a 2'x3'x2' box-style tent that you can build around one of the shelves of a wire-shelf set, but these can be a little frustrating because the attentuation achieved will vary depending upon how well the tent is fitted to it's framed. Even a very small gap in the sides of the tent can let in RF if the emitter is close enough. It is very important to validate your RF environment cleanliness before every test run using something like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing at home is VERY problematic. Some people live in Condo's and apartments. The RF environment in high-density housing can approach that of an office building. When you combine that with trying to get good results from un-trained &quot;friendly customers&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are various products available cheap on Amazon, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B0025Z8GAY&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.amazon.com/Y-Shield-Shielding-Paint-liter-size/dp/B0025Z8GAY&lt;/a&gt; that you can use to get started. You only need a small closet sized space, probably - just enough to put in a wire-rack or an equipment rack. A broom closet will work...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7872" LastActivityDate="2016-10-04T20:28:45.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22912" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-05T07:36:08.867" Score="0" ViewCount="386" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have integrated my testNG based selenium test framework with jenkins. Currently user have to open the code and enable/disable the test cases in testNG.xml file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want an interface on Jenkins page so that the user will be able to specify which test he want to run.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any plugin available to handle this or any other way through which we can handle this kind of stuff?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T08:01:14.787" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T20:01:29.107" Title="Which plugins are available for jenkins to change the test config from jenkins UI interface?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22302" CreationDate="2016-10-05T07:45:30.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using the below solution for this problem in my project. &#xA;So whenever we clicks on an element something happens, like either we redirects to a new page or some elements appear on existing page etc etc. So on after every click we can add an assertion statement to check whether a new page opened successfully (we can verify this by verifying the page title or any elements on page), or the action which was supposed to happen on this page is actually happened or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T07:45:30.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22915" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-05T10:02:52.113" Score="0" ViewCount="1703" Body="&lt;p&gt;package automate;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class FunctionalTest {&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;&#xA;public void browserConfiguration() {&#xA;&#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C://Users//Admin//workspace//Guru99Test//drivers//geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://letskodeit.teachable.com/p/practice&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;&#xA;public void checkRadioOptions() {&#xA;&#xA;/*List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; element = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='radio']&quot;));*/&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; element = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;cars&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;boolean flag = false;&#xA;&#xA;flag = element.get(1).isSelected();&#xA;&#xA;if (flag==true) {&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Do Nothing&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;    else {&#xA;&#xA;        element.get(2).click();&#xA;        }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;    at automate.FunctionalTest.checkRadioOptions(FunctionalTest.java:38)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:100)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:646)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:811)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1129)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:746)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:600)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:366)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:361)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:319)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:268)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1264)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1189)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1104)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1076)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:126)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:152)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:57)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21774" LastEditorUserId="21774" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T10:16:45.117" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T11:19:57.683" Title="java.lang.nullPointerException while running testcase" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-12-12T02:46:02.110" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12866" CreationDate="2016-10-05T10:06:34.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Implicit wait: Implicit wait tells web driver to wait on every instance when try to find  element.  It is like global wait for all driver.findelement instance. It will force web driver to wait until element is appeared on page or defined time whatever is earliest. Drawback is it throws exception when element is not loaded on page even in defined time span.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explicit wait:&lt;/strong&gt; Explicit wait is of two types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) WebDriverWait&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) FluentWait&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both are classes and implements Wait interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriverWait is applied on certain element with defined expected condition and time. This wait is only applied to the specified element. This wait can also throw exception when element is not found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait (driver, 20);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.VisibilityofElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;&quot;//button[@value='Save Changes']&quot;&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fluent wait:&lt;/strong&gt; Fluent wait is another type of Explicit wait and you can define polling and ignore the exception to continue with script execution in case element is not found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver).withTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS).pollingevery(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS).ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21772" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T10:49:24.620" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T10:49:24.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18657" CreationDate="2016-10-05T10:26:25.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Certification&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you would like to be certified I would look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agile-teaming.org/#desc1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;CAT (Certified Agile Tester) courses and exams&lt;/a&gt;. This is where I would spend this money if my Boss offered it, since its practical and up-to-date (at-least more then ISTQB if you ask me which is mainly theoretical). This proves a certain basic level of test understanding, how to use it in a team and it includes test-automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Events&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second would be going to events like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testautomationday.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.testautomationday.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agiletestingdays.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.agiletestingdays.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xpday.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.xpday.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These events are mainly Europe, but you should be able to find events close to your home :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This gives you a lot to talk about and become inspired. If you can spare the time and money go for it. This will be worth it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Programming&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ruby is just another programming language, learning programming is worth a course if you do not have any experience. Learning a second language just needs time to practice. Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://osherove.com/tdd-kata-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;programming kata's&lt;/a&gt; and execute these in the language you wish to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning specific tools (like Jenkins) will not really help your C.V. Just putting them on there should be enough. I would focus on concepts like continuous testing within continuous delivery. Still here primarily counts practical experience, not something you can buy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Courses&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Course like Mobile testing could be a start to get you into something, but unless you can combine it with practical experience I would be wary if taking these courses. My experience learns me that most courses I did not add a lot of real value, except for having the time to focus on a certain subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I rather learn from books could be just me :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T11:45:50.390" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T11:45:50.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22915" CreationDate="2016-10-05T11:15:24.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The driver was already created in the starting. This line was causing the error as it was assigning the driver to a new variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should have been &lt;code&gt;driver = new Firefox Driver();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21774" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-10-05T11:19:57.683" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T11:19:57.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22908" CreationDate="2016-10-05T12:03:35.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the different things I do on a regular basis other than standard 'QA'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Act as a flex developer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review Check ins and monitor the code base&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Groom stories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus the team's efforts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optimize the team's time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Demonstrate changes to end users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Act as liaison for the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create release documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create release procedure and steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure backlog is clean and prioritized&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deep understanding of all stories (Business and Tech side)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deep understanding of all integration points&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work with other teams regarding integrations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T12:03:35.850" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3397" CreationDate="2016-10-05T13:00:24.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our Migration from License Tools to Open Source (MiLTOS), a service offering that allows customers to migrate from the licensed tool Quick Test Professional (QTP) to open source tool – Selenium (Java). This offering reduces the use of licensed tools, thereby minimizing the costs incurred on licensed tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21779" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T13:00:24.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2016-10-05T13:26:55.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;SCALA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-scala prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;val remote = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(&amp;quot;http://localhost:9515/&amp;quot;),&#xA;DesiredCapabilities.chrome())&#xA;val a =  remote.findElements(By.xpath(&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;//td[6]/a[2]&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;)).iterator()&#xA;&#xA;while(a.hasNext){   &#xA;  val xmlclick = a.next()   &#xA;  println(&amp;quot;a href: &amp;quot; + xmlclick.getAttribute(&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;) + &amp;quot;; &amp;quot;+ xmlclick.getText  )  &#xA;  xmlclick.click()   &#xA;  Thread.sleep(1000) &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for full automatic work you need to read about &lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities&lt;/code&gt; as this: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23510816/how-to-handle-downloading-a-file-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;How to handle downloading a file in selenium webdriver?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21780" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-25T09:30:58.547" LastActivityDate="2021-01-25T09:30:58.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22927" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-05T14:56:30.200" Score="0" ViewCount="1306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Microsoft Edge 13. How do I ensure a clean session whenever Microsoft Edge browser starts and runs a test suite? I'm trying to run selenium tests using the Microsoft Edge driver, and I am not able to clear cookies/cache on browser close as that option is not available for Microsoft Edge 13.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21781" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T16:32:11.730" Title="Microsoft Edge clean session when running selenium tests" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22928" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-05T16:18:48.330" Score="2" ViewCount="3405" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a large number of selenium test scripts that work on IE, Chrome and Firefox. I now need to run them on Microsoft Edge, however, I am having a lot of issues. The main issue is that the scripts executing too quickly and not allowing the pages to load fully before moving on to the next step of the scrip. Because of this, most of my scripts are failing as they cannot find the elements. I have tried waits &lt;code&gt;(explicit and implicit)&lt;/code&gt; but they do not seem to work - the script keeps going and don't wait for an element to be displayed. The following is a sample of the wait code that I am using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div/p[contains(text(), '&quot; + menu_HeaderPortfolio+ &quot;')]&quot;))));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea why that might be? Or how I can get edge to wait for the page to load completely before moving on with the script? Or is this a limitation with Edge?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;code&gt;Selenium 2.53&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;Edge WebDriver version 10586&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21782" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T06:05:41.620" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T06:13:44.730" Title="Selenium explicit waits not working for the Edge webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22928" CreationDate="2016-10-05T16:57:49.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One known problem might be mixing implicit and explicit waits. Experts suggest using explicit wait only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another problem might be locating by XPATH. So many people complain about selenium not working, and their code example shows XPATH (like yours), so I usually don't even bother answering questions with XPATH (I made an personal exemption for you :-) ). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I try to use ID and NAME (and ask developers to add those for me). If I cannot, I found that with CSS_SELECTOR can locate all I needed. CSS has to be reliable across browsers for styles to work. XPATH - not so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T16:57:49.263" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22932" CreationDate="2016-10-05T19:58:10.707" Score="6" ViewCount="20177" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between Boundary Value Analysis and Equivalence Partitioning testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They sound like the same thing - to make EPT I need boundary values to make partitions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14690" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-06T03:52:50.987" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T03:52:50.987" Title="What is the difference between Boundary Value Analysis and Equivalence Partitioning testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22931" CreationDate="2016-10-05T21:15:15.160" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;They do share some characteristics in common, if we use the following drawing as our example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a4Vs2.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a4Vs2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary value analysis focus on data around the two broken grey lines, where we focus on testing data to the left, on, to the right of each boundary. How far left, how far right depends on its application context. For example, &lt;strong&gt;we have a program that measures baldness&lt;/strong&gt;: a man with more than &lt;strong&gt;1000&lt;/strong&gt; hair left on his head is &lt;strong&gt;not bald&lt;/strong&gt;, a man with less than &lt;strong&gt;1000&lt;/strong&gt; hair is considered &lt;strong&gt;bald&lt;/strong&gt;. We may want to test a man with 999 hairs, 1001 hairs and 1000 hairs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Equivalence partitioning apply to wider range of data, which include some boundary values in this case. We normally use this tactic when it takes too much time to test every single possible data. With the same baldness testing program, we can test a man with 500 hairs and 250 hairs, both of cases should return as bald; we can also test 1050 hairs and 9999 hairs, both of cases should return not bald. You can surely test boundary values here, but it is not the focus.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qghTO.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qghTO.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-05T21:15:15.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22931" CreationDate="2016-10-06T06:58:07.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Equivalence Partitioning:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The idea behind the technique is to divide or partition a set of test conditions into groups or sets that can be considered the same or equivalent, hence ‘equivalence partitioning’. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Equivalence partitions are also known as equivalence classes, the two terms mean exactly the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boundary value analysis:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is based on testing on and around the boundaries between partitions. If you have done “range checking”, you were probably using the boundary value analysis technique, even if you weren’t aware of it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Note that we have both valid boundaries (in the valid partitions) and invalid boundaries (in the invalid partitions).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer is influenced from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.geekinterview.com/question_details/42925&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T06:58:07.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22934" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-06T07:00:41.093" Score="0" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Selenium I am using &lt;code&gt;UnSelectAll()&lt;/code&gt; on a normal select/Input element( Not multi select). What exception I can expect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T07:47:19.520" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T09:59:35.870" Title="What exception I will get If I use UnSelectall() on Normal Select element?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-10-06T10:17:50.767" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22934" CreationDate="2016-10-06T07:18:22.277" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;De-select all checkboxes -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement parent = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;&amp;lt;enter parent xpath&amp;gt;&quot;));  &#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; children = parent.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;input:checked[type='checkbox']&quot;));  &#xA;for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; children.size(); i++) { children.get(i).click(); }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12485650/how-to-uncheck-multiple-check-boxes-at-the-same-time-in-selenium-webdriver-java&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; for more help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T07:18:22.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22936" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22938" CreationDate="2016-10-06T07:19:37.993" Score="-1" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am offered a position as a QA lead, which is a big-big step up for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate some feedback, heads-up, suggestions, certify and considerations when tackling such a responsibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is expected of the QA lead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement software testing process from scratch: how to test, what to test, what tools, what responsibility&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evaluating the development process and suggesting points for improvement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating ecosystem of unit, integration, system, load, penetration and regression test suites and mocks. Which is durable, low maintenance required and scaling up is simple&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a process where QA and Dev are closely coupled. Meaning that from test plan to requirements to test cases to actual test results and bug- all are traceable and seamless&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Yes, I am definitely under-qualified for the position, but the company is OK if I learn everything along the way, but first results are expected during the first quarter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note-Note: Yes, there are similar questions, but since I am responsible both for QA and Dev processes, I asked a separate question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19123" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T07:43:59.717" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T07:49:05.620" Title="Considerations and suggestions for QA lead responsible for software testing and development processes" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-06T10:43:20.720" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22937" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22939" CreationDate="2016-10-06T07:23:59.057" Score="0" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the exact importance of using maven and jenkins ?&#xA;Can you tell me the advantages of using maven and jenkins in my project ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T09:40:47.880" Title="What is maven and jenkins with selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22936" CreationDate="2016-10-06T07:49:05.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is very broad, but I would like to answer a bit on one of your notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note: Yes, I am definitely &lt;strong&gt;under-qualified&lt;/strong&gt; for the position, but the&#xA;  company is OK if I learn everything along the way, but first results&#xA;  are expected during the first quarter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you really under-qualified? From your list of tasks it seems you have a clear goal, which sounds perfectly fine to me. 70% of the people have to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.forbes.com/sites/margiewarrell/2014/04/03/impostor-syndrome/#3f537031eb9d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;overcome the Impostor Syndrome&lt;/a&gt;. You are more perfect for the job than you think you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just take small steps, try to change one thing at a time, until it becomes a routine. Adapt your goals with any information you gain while executing these small steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T07:49:05.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22937" CreationDate="2016-10-06T08:02:35.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jenkins is continues integration server and this is open source.&#xA;Maven is Build manage server for Java based projects and it is also open source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you are dealing with a big java project with critical releases and nightly builds then its better to use both technologys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T08:02:35.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22937" CreationDate="2016-10-06T08:56:35.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maven is project management tool. Maven makes life of a java developer little bit easier. Maven manages dependency very efficiently. You don't need to  download jar files ( selenium, TestNG and other jars ) manually, just need to put few lines of XML in POM.xml and save it. Maven will download all dependency automatically from it's online repository. Using Maven, you can clean and build your work space. Better to have some Hands on experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins is a continuations integration tool. If you want to run your test automatically on code checking or at any time in a day, you can use Jenkins. A freestyle job can be created very easily in Jenkins and run test automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just a overview of both Maven and Jenkins. It's better to try both to get some real time experience and believe me , you will never regret.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21776" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T09:40:47.880" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T09:40:47.880" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22941" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-06T09:00:08.677" Score="4" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are desperately trying to adopt BDD in our company at the moment and (as usual?) there are lots of questions about the right way to do BDD now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of my favorites is the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So let's assume we have a service like that (original one is a little more complex, but simplifying it for the example):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Service&#xA;public class RegistrationService {&#xA;&#xA;    private final UserRegistrationRepository userRegistrationRepository;&#xA;&#xA;    @Autowired&#xA;    public RegistrationService(&#xA;            final UserRegistrationRepository userRegistrationRepository) {&#xA;        this.userRegistrationRepository = userRegistrationRepository;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public void register(final String email) {&#xA;        final UserRegistration userRegistration = createUserRegistration(email);&#xA;        userRegistrationRepository.deleteByEmail(email);&#xA;        userRegistrationRepository.save(userRegistration);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently our &lt;code&gt;RegistrationServiceUnitTest&lt;/code&gt; tests it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method &lt;code&gt;deleteByEmail&lt;/code&gt; is called&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method &lt;code&gt;save&lt;/code&gt; is called after it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parameter of &lt;code&gt;save&lt;/code&gt; is as expected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people may say that's is strict correspondence with &lt;em&gt;Clean Code&lt;/em&gt; (which I don't agree), but I don't like the approach mostly because it tests that the method is implemented in the exact way, rather than its behavior... And the behavior is that there should be not more than 1 record in DB after the method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is the right BDD-way to tests methods like that? Is the one above ok with BDD technique and I should just calm down and live with that? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;As I see a BDD test here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given an empty database, When I call &lt;code&gt;register(..)&lt;/code&gt;, Then database contains 1 correct record&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given a database with record for &amp;lt;email&amp;gt;, When I call &lt;code&gt;register(&amp;lt;email&amp;gt;)&lt;/code&gt;, Then database contains 1 correct record&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But yes, that actually moves it to the integration test level (or even higher). And even worse it makes the test dependent on DB structure/persistence layer...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21792" LastEditorUserId="21792" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T14:40:22.740" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T14:40:22.740" Title="Using BDD approach, am I writing unit tests properly?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22934" CreationDate="2016-10-06T09:22:32.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just putting code from select API of selenium.support.ui. The code is self explanatory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void deselectAll() {&#xA;if (!isMultiple()) {&#xA;  throw new UnsupportedOperationException(&#xA;      &quot;You may only deselect all options of a multi-select&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;for (WebElement option : getOptions()) {&#xA;  setSelected(option, false);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here isMultiple is defined in constructor of Select class as mentioned below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private final boolean isMulti;&#xA;public Select(WebElement element) {&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;.&#xA;String value = element.getAttribute(&quot;multiple&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// The atoms normalize the returned value, but check for &quot;false&quot;&#xA;isMulti = (value != null &amp;amp;&amp;amp; !&quot;false&quot;.equals(value));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public boolean isMultiple() {&#xA;   return isMulti;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21776" LastEditorUserId="21776" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T09:59:35.870" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T09:59:35.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22941" CreationDate="2016-10-06T09:42:42.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are multiple ways of looking at writing unit-tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that drive design (in BDD, TDD cycles)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that safe-guard functional behavior&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test you describe are used to drive design, but will be extra work to maintain when you change the design, since you will need to update all the tests. Becareful how many of those you keep after the design is done. Adding integration like tests to safe-guard the actual behavior of a class might be more valuable in the long run. Probably the behavior of the class will not change that much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think BDD is a technique to capture requirements and automate them. They should be used to have a common communication between developers and stakeholders/users. Writing unit-tests using BDD doesn't make a lot of sense to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the BDD used to write unit-tests is not really BDD. Its just a bit more descriptive way of writing and designing your test-cases. Unless you really practice the cycle of writing a failing BDD test first. But what you described sounds like step-by-step way how the code needs to work instead of a behavior. Also I guess it is written after the class code was created and not with a test-first pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the gotcha with TDD is that too many developers focused on the &quot;How&quot;&#xA;  when writing their unit tests, so they ended up with very brittle&#xA;  tests that did nothing more than confirm that the system does what it&#xA;  does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/135218/what-is-the-difference-between-writing-test-cases-for-bdd-and-tdd&quot;&gt;read more here...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So what is the right BDD-way to tests methods like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BDD-way tests are more fit for integration level tests. Although I like to write  my unit-test names using the Given/When/Then pattern to make me think about what am I trying to test here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also keep in mind things like BDD are tools, not a methodology you can always follow and use in all situations. Stop, think and act. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/274562/how-to-use-unit-tests-when-using-bdd&quot;&gt;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/274562/how-to-use-unit-tests-when-using-bdd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/135218/what-is-the-difference-between-writing-test-cases-for-bdd-and-tdd&quot;&gt;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/135218/what-is-the-difference-between-writing-test-cases-for-bdd-and-tdd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T07:32:01.483" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T09:42:42.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22931" CreationDate="2016-10-06T09:56:34.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;@BogdanBogdanov, consider a engine processing some input and producing some output ( our UAT ). If that machine produce same output for some set of different input, then we say that all the input are in same equivalence class. So all members of equivalence class behave in similar manner as far as the output of the machine is concern. Now the machine can also produce different output for different input that belongs to different equivalence classes. An example will make it clear, consider an insurance premium calculating machine. The business rule is &lt;strong&gt;for age 10-20, premium is $100, for age group 21-30, premium is $200.&lt;/strong&gt; So we can have a set of inputs from 10 to 30, but &lt;strong&gt;input from 10 to 20 behaves in same way, so they can be put in a equivalence class&lt;/strong&gt;. Similar for inputs 21 to 30. This process of identifying equivalence classes and partitioning them is called equivalence partitioning.For equivalence class testing we can consider any one value from each equivalence class. &lt;strong&gt;This is very important because exhaustive testing is not possible.&lt;/strong&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let's come to the boundary value analysts. You can say equivalence partitioning is the basis of boundary value analysts.I am saying this because, &lt;strong&gt;if we are able to do equivalence partitioning properly, then we can see there are few boundaries and we are interested to analyse the software's behavior in those boundaries.&lt;/strong&gt; Let's consider above example, clearly we have two boundaries for each identified equivalence classes ( when testing is concern, we have to consider one more equivalence classes in above example, that is -infinity to 9 and 31 to +infinity. But we are not considering that for shake of simplicity ). So we need to test each equivalence class for two boundaries. &#xA;Surely we want to test the above example for following boundary values&#xA;( 9,10,20,21) for equivalence class 10-20 and (20,21,30,31) for equivalence class 21-30.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope the explanation will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21776" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T09:56:34.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22946" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-06T10:42:11.383" Score="2" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was doing performance testing on an application in my organization with load of 250 concurrent users with ramp up of 50,100 then 250. I am using IBM Rational performance tester(RPT). I have used IE browser for recording the scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pattern which I have observed is that when 250 users were running for some time(nearly 14 minutes) after ramp up stage, the response time graph decreased sharply. When I check the application under test on browser it showed &quot;Page cannot be displayed&quot;. After some time the response graph again began to rise and when I check the application under test on browser it became up again. This behavior was occurring in repeated manner. I asked application server handling team whether they have restarted the application but they told me that they have not done so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application under test was becoming up on its own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application server handling team hinted that this might be happening due to the maximum limit which server can handle for concurrent requests. But they also told me that they have not set any limit. They are using Oracle BEA WEBLOGIC SERVER.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone here provide me any guidance about exact reason of this behavior. Specially I am concerned with that how server is becoming up again and again without anybody restarting it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="7614" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T10:49:37.150" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T14:44:15.007" Title="Why application under test become down and restarts on its own during performance testing" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;rpt&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22946" CreationDate="2016-10-06T11:34:21.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Load-testing without monitoring is worthless. Load-testing is about finding bottlenecks in your infrastructure. So you NEED to monitor your infrastructure closely while doing a load-test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could be a lot of reasons why the server stopped responding and started responding again. Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server out of memory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server or Client default limits, also operating systems have limits of connections&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Denial of service protection in the software (seen this one a couple of times)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network firewall/router limiting traffic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application crashed and has an auto restart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CPU became so hot the hardware rebooted, heat protection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would advice to execute the load-test again, but now combined with someone from the application handling team and some good monitoring and logging tools. Then analyze not only the results from the response times, but also how it affects your infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/22805/3201&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/22805/3201&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T11:34:21.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22748" CreationDate="2016-10-06T12:07:58.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you should have a ramp up.&#xA;If you start the script for all 1000 users at the same time, they will do the first action all at the same time.&#xA;This is a load that is far more demanding for the apllication than would be realistic.&#xA;Best would be to have a ramp up for at least the time one iteration takes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T12:07:58.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22941" CreationDate="2016-10-06T12:15:42.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me personally the power in BDD lies in the reusability of the code. I use Specflow/C# currently and have used Cucumber4Java and Spock in the past. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By having your test methods broken down into Actions, named and then allowed to be recycled in multiple tests it creates a stronger framework for tests. It essentially gives your tests more of an OOP design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, using your example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Given(@&quot;I call deleteByEmail with email (.*?)&quot;]&#xA;[When(@&quot;I call deleteByEmail with email (.*?)&quot;]&#xA;public void ICallDeleteByEmail(string email) { &#xA;    object.deleteByEmail(email); &#xA;}&#xA;[Given(@&quot;I call save&quot;)]&#xA;[When(@&quot;I call save&quot;)]&#xA;public void ICallSave() { &#xA;    object.save(); &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[Then(@&quot;The record with email (.*?) will be in the database&quot;)]&#xA;public void checkDatabaseForEmail(string email) { &#xA;    Assert.IsPresent(database.lookForRecord(email)); &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[Then(@&quot;The record with email (.*?) will not be in the database&quot;)]&#xA;public void checkDatabaseForEmail(string email) { &#xA;    Assert.IsNotPresent(database.lookForRecord(email)); &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now your tests can use these methods in several ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given I call save&#xA;Then the record with email a@b.com will be in the database&#xA;&#xA;Given I call save&#xA;When I call deleteByEmail with email a@b.com&#xA;Then the record with email a@b.com will not be in the database&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list goes on and on, you can use parameterized tables and easily maintain the code. If the deleteByEmail function needs to be updated, you update it at one place and it updates for all of your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T12:27:23.267" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T12:27:23.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22946" CreationDate="2016-10-06T12:37:30.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dynatrace.com/resources/ebooks/javabook/memory-leaks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&quot;classic&quot; memory leak&lt;/a&gt; or excessive work of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dynatrace.com/resources/ebooks/javabook/how-garbage-collection-works/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Garbage Collector&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try monitoring JVM heap via &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.oracle.com/theshortenspot/entry/accessing_jmx_for_oracle_weblo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMX Console&lt;/a&gt; during the test, I believe you will see memory growing up till the point when application stops responding and intensive garbage collection. If it is the case - some &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13222_01/wls/docs81/perform/JVMTuning.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JVM tuning&lt;/a&gt; will be required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also pay attention to overall server health metrics, i.e. RAM usage, CPU usage, Disk and Network IO as it may occur due to lack of free RAM. You can do it using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter PerfMon Plugin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T12:37:30.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20792" CreationDate="2016-10-06T14:32:04.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;driver.sendKeyEvent(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_CAMERA);&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find the documentation and other key events codes at &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21798" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2016-10-06T15:55:50.140" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T15:55:50.140" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22954" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-06T15:07:30.843" Score="0" ViewCount="14893" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium WebdriverJS (NOT Java selenium and NOT Webdriver.io!), which has horrible documentation for beginners. I need to right click an element and move down to &quot;save as&quot;, then &lt;code&gt;.sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; then &lt;code&gt;Enter&lt;/code&gt; since this seems to be the only way to save an image from a web page without a full page screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to implement the following Java solution in Javascript but no dice:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1DoO8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1DoO8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here a few of many different versions I tried. All give me errors relating to 'Keys' or 'ARROW_DOWN' or 'DOWN'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver'),&#xA;    By = webdriver.By,&#xA;    until = webdriver.until,&#xA;    button = webdriver.Button,&#xA;    promise = webdriver.promise;&#xA;    fs = require('fs');&#xA;&#xA;//Generate  browser&#xA;var driver = new webdriver.Builder()&#xA;    .forBrowser('chrome')&#xA;    .build();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;/******* Begin Tests*******/&#xA;&#xA;//Begin test from login page&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.get('https://www.google.com/ncr');&#xA;driver.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;/***********   NONE OF THESE WORK ***********/&#xA;&#xA;//Actions is not defined&#xA;var GoogleLogoImg = driver.findElement(By.css('#hplogo')).then(function() {&#xA;    driver.Actions.contextClick(GoogleLogoImg)&#xA;    .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN)&#xA;    .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN)&#xA;    .sendKeys(Keys.RETURN)&#xA;    .perform();&#xA;})&#xA;&#xA;//Keys is not defined&#xA;&#xA;var GoogleLogoImg = driver.findElement(By.css('#hplogo')).then(function() {&#xA;    driver.actions().click(button.RIGHT).perform().then(function(){&#xA;        driver.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;//Not a modifier key&#xA;&#xA;var GoogleLogoImg = driver.findElement(By.css('#hplogo')).then(function() {&#xA;    driver.actions().click(button.RIGHT).perform().then(function(){&#xA;         new webdriver.ActionSequence(driver).&#xA;                keyDown(webdriver.Key.ARROW_DOWN). // &amp;lt;-- 'Not a modifier key'&#xA;                keyUp(webdriver.Key.ARROW_DOWN).&#xA;                perform();&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;//Not a modifer key&#xA;var GoogleLogoImg = driver.findElement(By.css('#hplogo')).then(function() {&#xA;    driver.actions().click(button.RIGHT).perform().then(function(){&#xA;         new webdriver.ActionSequence(driver).&#xA;                keyDown(webdriver.Key.DOWN). // &amp;lt;-- 'Not a modifier key'&#xA;                keyUp(webdriver.Key.DOWN).&#xA;                perform();&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17137" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T20:33:02.237" Title="How to right click and select option in WebdriverJS?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22863" CreationDate="2016-10-06T15:09:09.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am assuming the overlay changes the colours of the elements on the screen so how about looking for it using its colour?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example is you use something like;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;rgb = find_element_by_class_name(&quot;pg-loading-center-middle&quot;).value_of_css_property('background-color')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you will be returned a string along the lines of;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;rgb(221, 81, 76)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a tool like Firefox's &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Eyedropper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;eyedropper&lt;/a&gt; you should be able to put in a wait condition until the values match up&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T15:09:09.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22954" CreationDate="2016-10-06T15:25:43.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;quick google search suggests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11428026/select-an-option-from-the-right-click-menu-in-selenium-webdriver-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11428026/select-an-option-from-the-right-click-menu-in-selenium-webdriver-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/433919/javascript-simulate-right-click-through-code&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/433919/javascript-simulate-right-click-through-code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else did you tried?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T15:25:43.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22957" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-06T16:01:43.827" Score="-1" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this scenario where my page has set of questions and the answers are in radio buttons &lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;. There are around 7-8 yes/no questions. I want to design a test case using C# so that everytime random responses are selected by the program and the final outcome is recorded. Here is test case code till now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Threading;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;&#xA;&#xA;namespace Test1&#xA;{&#xA;    [TestClass]&#xA;    public class BS1T1FailCasePage3&#xA;    {&#xA;        [TestMethod]&#xA;        public void TestMethod1()&#xA;        {&#xA;            var driver = new ChromeDriver(@&quot;E:\Series\Drivers&quot;);&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://qmloansdev.azurewebsites.net&quot;);&#xA;            var xpathElement = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='SSN']&quot;));&#xA;            xpathElement.SendKeys(&quot;1234&quot;);&#xA;            var xpathElement1 = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//option[contains(text(),'January')]&quot;));&#xA;            xpathElement1.Click();&#xA;            var xpathElement10 = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//option[text()='1']&quot;));&#xA;            xpathElement10.Click();&#xA;&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='Terms']/div[3]/section/label[1]/i&quot;)).Click(); //Checkbox1&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='Terms']/div[3]/section/label[2]/i&quot;)).Click(); //Checkbox2&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='Terms']/div[3]/section/label[3]/i&quot;)).Click(); //Checkbox3&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='frmGatekeeper']/fieldset[4]/div/div[1]/button&quot;)).Click(); //Button to next page&#xA;&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//option[@value='Refinance[SB1]']&quot;)).Click(); //Dropdown option 1&#xA;            //driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//option[@value='Purchase']&quot;)).Click(); //Dropdown option 2&#xA;&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='frmQuestionnaire']/fieldset[2]/section[1]/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/label[2]/i&quot;)).Click(); //Radio button option = Yes&#xA;            //driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='frmQuestionnaire']/fieldset[3]/section[1]/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/label[2]/i&quot;)).Click(); //Radio button option = No&#xA;&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='Question03_SubQuestions']/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/label/i&quot;)).Click();&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='frmQuestionnaire']/button&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            var loggedInHeader = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='heading']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            String p = &quot;Initial Borrower Survey&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;            if (loggedInHeader.Text.Contains(p))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Assert.IsTrue(loggedInHeader.Displayed, &quot;Test Passed.&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                Assert.IsFalse(loggedInHeader.Displayed, &quot;Test Failed.&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know how can I do this!!!!! I really can't figure out how randomly selecting some options can be done in a C# unit test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21800" LastEditorUserId="21810" LastEditDate="2016-10-07T07:12:46.750" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T07:12:46.750" Title="Test case for a set of questions" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-07T18:10:51.330" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22957" CreationDate="2016-10-06T16:44:44.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can designate &quot;Yes&quot; radio button selection as 1 and &quot;No&quot; radio button selection as 0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each question, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Random rand = new Random();&#xA;&#xA;if (rand.NextDouble() &amp;gt;= 0.5)&#xA;    click Yes;&#xA;else&#xA;    click No;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should get a 50% of chance for an answer to be randomly selected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-06T16:44:44.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24038" CreationDate="2016-10-06T17:54:25.340" Score="1" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a Drupal/CMS-like Web Application for performance issues and have come across a strange situation. The application came for testing after users complained about perceived slowness. After initial analysis it was decided to do a load test for ~30 users (using HPE Load Runner). Steps performed are as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Post scripting, as a preliminary test, we ran an NV Analysis&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; for a single user and found out that a lot of the transactions had spent time waiting at the server. Application team was duly notified. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next, we went into application load test. Surprisingly the load test came clean, with all the transactions well within stipulated time range. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next, we added some background noise to the application by hitting random URLs in the application while the load test is run to generate some 'noise'. Again, as you guessed, the results were fine. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next, we created more noise by generating hits across other applications deployed in the test environment which shares the infrastructure with our AUT in production as well. This, to our dismay, gave better response times than previous tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am at a loss right now. Where should I look for solutions right now? Of course, the NV report is being looked at as of now. Also, another short load test with all virtual users being pushed into the test at once (instead of a slow ramp up) is is being planned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;This is similar to yslow where a rule based diagnostic report is provided for each page under test. &lt;a href=&quot;http://nvhelp.saas.hpe.com/en/nv-perform/en/12.53/help/Content/NV4HP/Analysis_Controller.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;More details here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20993" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T06:05:44.740" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T06:05:44.740" Title="Single User test shows latency while load test passes for web application. Where to look for clues?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22964" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-07T07:32:27.643" Score="1" ViewCount="353" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating android app. My env is - Mac, Appium, Java + TestNG&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its will redirect user on mobile browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login in browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to automate above scenario? The core question where I am facing issue is - Once redirected on mobile browser can, I am unable to take actions of elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q - How to switch from android app to mobile browser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T07:32:27.643" Title="Appium + Java + Android + Mobile browser [Chrome driver] : How to switch from android app to mobile browser?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22965" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23006" CreationDate="2016-10-07T08:56:09.073" Score="1" ViewCount="1684" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in selenium web driver. I am using selenium 3.0 jar files and firefox version is 49. I am getting a error message. Can anybody tell me the solution ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Hello;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class first {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;/home/naveen/geckodriver&quot;);&#xA;         WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;         driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;            WebElement ele=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;));&#xA;            ele.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;            ele=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;            ele.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            ele.submit();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            System.exit(0);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Console : Oct 07, 2016 2:25:04 PM&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession INFO:&#xA;  Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the&#xA;  remote end 1475830505565  Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 42877&#xA;  1475830508698 Marionette  INFO    startBrowser&#xA;  cd9def2c-de8e-4868-83c6-696d073993b6 Oct 07, 2016 2:25:09 PM&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession INFO:&#xA;  Detected dialect: W3C&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(firefox:4893): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_type_add_interface_static:&#xA;  assertion 'g_type_parent (interface_type) == G_TYPE_INTERFACE' failed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(firefox:4893): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_type_add_interface_static:&#xA;  assertion 'g_type_parent (interface_type) == G_TYPE_INTERFACE' failed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(firefox:4893): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_type_add_interface_static:&#xA;  assertion 'g_type_parent (interface_type) == G_TYPE_INTERFACE' failed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(firefox:4893): GLib-GObject-WARNING **:&#xA;  /build/glib2.0-7IO_Yw/glib2.0-2.48.1/./gobject/gsignal.c:3486: signal&#xA;  name 'selection_changed' is invalid for instance '0x7f970701a650' of&#xA;  type 'MaiAtkType139'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(firefox:4893): GLib-GObject-WARNING **:&#xA;  /build/glib2.0-7IO_Yw/glib2.0-2.48.1/./gobject/gsignal.c:3486: signal&#xA;  name 'selection_changed' is invalid for instance '0x7f970701a880' of&#xA;  type 'MaiAtkType139'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T06:57:42.750" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T10:18:52.310" Title="My code is not working properly" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9096" CreationDate="2016-10-07T09:14:35.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are testing web applications then you can start with Selenium IDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#ide-features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#ide-features&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It requires no programming knowledge, you can record what you do in the browser, as a &quot;macro&quot; that you can later edit (still requires no programming knowledge). The benefit of this approach is that you can get productive very quickly, still if you later want to learn programming you can export all your Selenium IDE test cases to Java/Python/.Net etc &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21816" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T09:14:35.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22967" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-07T09:37:17.270" Score="1" ViewCount="5005" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are my xpaths and keep on chining, &#xA;Element path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;dijitInline utilizationTitle&quot;&amp;gt;5.00%&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here need to capture values (5.00%)....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Element Xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_23&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_24&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_90&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_91&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_151&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_152&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21817" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-07T12:01:11.943" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T13:50:39.880" Title="What to do if Relative Xpath is keep on changing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-02-24T04:11:16.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22967" CreationDate="2016-10-07T10:47:51.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most likely following xpath will work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[contains(@id,'dijit_layout_ContentPane')]/div[2]/div[1] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is not working, please provide some HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21776" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T10:47:51.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22967" CreationDate="2016-10-07T10:57:43.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Xpath keeps changing? You can try using other ways to uniquely identify an element, for example, CSS selector. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unlike Xpath, which focuses on navigation, CSS selector focuses on element attributes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the possible element attributes have something in common,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_23&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_24&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_90&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_91&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_151&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;//*[@id=&quot;dijit_layout_ContentPane_152&quot;]/div[2]/div[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;all of their id starts with &lt;strong&gt;dijit&lt;/strong&gt;, if you use this following CSS selector:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;X[id^='dijit']&lt;/code&gt;, this expression reads, locate element &lt;strong&gt;X&lt;/strong&gt; whose attribute &lt;strong&gt;id&lt;/strong&gt; starts with &lt;strong&gt;dijit&lt;/strong&gt;. &#xA;Once you can locate element X, the rest is easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T10:57:43.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22967" CreationDate="2016-10-07T11:39:54.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selectors like Xpath and CSS also support parent child relations. You need to find a element in the tree that you can certainly find. From there you can go the N-th child and on and on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case &lt;code&gt;dijit_layout_ContentPane_90&lt;/code&gt; has a parent which you might be able to find with a selector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[UPDATED] &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/xml/xpath_axes.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3schools.com/xml/xpath_axes.asp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/resources/articles/selenium-tips-css-selectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/resources/articles/selenium-tips-css-selectors&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37050" LastEditDate="2019-02-11T13:50:39.880" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T13:50:39.880" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22972" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22992" CreationDate="2016-10-07T12:53:14.603" Score="1" ViewCount="4581" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to launch mobile browser and getting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.remote.UnreachableBrowserException&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Could not start a new session. Possible causes are invalid address of the remote server or browser start-up failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you faced this or any idea to resolve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T05:10:33.347" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T05:10:33.347" Title="How to resolve Could not start a new session? UnreachableBrowserException" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-07T15:33:47.833" Score="1" ViewCount="289" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a service that uses Etags.  The service also sends a Vary header.  I want to test the service using the cache, so I can determine cache performance.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But according to JMeter docs and my own observations, the HTTP Cache Manager won't cache those responses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of a plugin that would support the vary header?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21823" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T17:54:24.600" Title="Can I make JMeter respect the Vary cache header?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3729" CreationDate="2016-10-07T19:03:48.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, determine if the type of development that you need to do lends itself to agile well.  There are many simple development processes that fit well within agile, and many deep dive development processes that are a nightmare to try to use agile for.&#xA;Second, if you are working on something that is simple to implement and test in less than one sprint, you should be able to mix the tester in when the design is being worked on with the customer, the tester can then write up the tests and setup the data while to coder codes, and then testing goes fast.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of the 5 agile jobs I have had, most are just using the word agile to hide wild wild west.  Only one worked well with testing and the customer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21829" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T19:03:48.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16626" CreationDate="2016-10-07T19:15:53.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I've done with organizations in the past is to have either test accounts or test environments set up with the banks. Just as user246 said, files that work for one bank may not work at another. I know some of the major banks will provide a test environment that you can submit files to, and they will validate and report on the results. When it came time for full end-to-end testing, we would run a process through with $1 or $0.01, depending on the bank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some key areas to check, and some things I would recommend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test all file formats you will use with all banks before sending any test files. A validation tool is useful for this step.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up a test environment that will allow you to exercise the software, and ends by sending a file to either a mocked or virtualized service, or a real test/sandbox endpoint at the necessary bank(s). Verify that the correct file got to the correct place, and the correct information was contained in the file, etc. If you can stand up your own service here, you can run your own validation tools and compare the file you received with the file you sent, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Final acceptance testing can be done with a live system and sending the minimum allowed amount for a transfer. Some banks charge fees for transfers, just something to keep in mind when calculating test costs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21830" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T19:15:53.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16626" CreationDate="2016-10-07T21:02:38.350" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my work with ACH networks I know there was also a time delay in when transactions were sent to ACH and when ACH sent the data back from the other bank. Have you thought about setting up any testing around the end-to-end data transfer and end-of-day processing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21831" LastActivityDate="2016-10-07T21:02:38.350" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22998" CreationDate="2016-10-08T04:37:14.637" Score="1" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;ISTQB, iSQI, Agile, Scrum certificates are well known to us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am wondering if there is a security penetration testing certificate? (Certified Ethical Hacker is one example, but I am specifically looking for Kali Linux related certificates here)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I Googled &quot;Kali Linux certificate&quot; and found some interesting results. We all know take an exam on paper does not mean much, does anyone here know of any Kali Linux certificate that is closely related to real world experience? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T12:55:55.357" Title="Penetration testing certificate, Kali Linux certificate?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;certification&gt;&lt;linux&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22976" CreationDate="2016-10-08T13:36:26.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-http-cache-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Responses with a Vary header will not be cached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/jmeter/trunk/src/protocol/http/org/apache/jmeter/protocol/http/control/CacheManager.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * Save the Last-Modified, Etag, and Expires headers if the result is cacheable.&#xA; * Version for Java implementation.&#xA; * @param conn connection&#xA; * @param res result&#xA; */&#xA;public void saveDetails(URLConnection conn, HTTPSampleResult res){&#xA;    if (isCacheable(res) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; !hasVaryHeader(conn)){&#xA;        String lastModified = conn.getHeaderField(HTTPConstants.LAST_MODIFIED);&#xA;        String expires = conn.getHeaderField(HTTPConstants.EXPIRES);&#xA;        String etag = conn.getHeaderField(HTTPConstants.ETAG);&#xA;        String url = conn.getURL().toString();&#xA;        String cacheControl = conn.getHeaderField(HTTPConstants.CACHE_CONTROL);&#xA;        String date = conn.getHeaderField(HTTPConstants.DATE);&#xA;        setCache(lastModified, cacheControl, expires, etag, url, date);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-7.1.4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;RFC 7231&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To inform cache recipients that they MUST NOT use this response&#xA;     to satisfy a later request unless the later request has the same&#xA;     values for the listed fields as the original request (Section 4.1&#xA;     of [RFC7234]).  In other words, Vary expands the cache key&#xA;     required to match a new request to the stored cache entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The behaviour is expected, responses from server with the &quot;Vary&quot; header should not be cached, it is intended to be used on interim proxy servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-10-08T13:36:26.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22986" CreationDate="2016-10-09T00:59:58.700" Score="0" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Hi everyone!&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope you can lead me in the right direction. I'm want to transition into QA but , I'm not sure where to start. I'm really sorry if this is the wrong place to ask, I did try another place but wasn't getting any responses, so I hope this is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty much self taught with Ruby &amp;amp; Python, I've heard that it would be helpful in my search for a QA job and beyond.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some good materials to read? Or is good place to learn more online? Also has anyone heard about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qatutor.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Qatutor?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a basic web stack whilst learning so Ruby, Rails, Javascript, Rspec, SQL, I've played around with minitest also, and some of the basic of TDD. With Python I was using it more for data analytics so matplotlib, numpy, and pandas. Would any of this be helpful in learning more about QA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking I should learn about manual testing first then auto is that a good route or not? Also should I focus more on Python instead of Ruby; or something else I would like to stay with those two, but I've heard java might be useful...though we haven't gotten along since highschool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other help or info is much appreciated.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21838" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T13:03:28.537" Title="In need of some guidance into QA" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-10-10T11:09:45.700" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22985" CreationDate="2016-10-09T02:00:49.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, it's good to have some vocabulary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/istqb-certification-the-definitive-guide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Guide&lt;/a&gt; can help you with that. I recommend reading the Chapter 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are not familiar with the agile approach, a fast reading for the is also the &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-the-istqb-agile-tester-extension-certification/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Agile Guide&lt;/a&gt;. But for a deep dive, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; book is excellent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, about testing engineering, I recommend the following blog posts and videos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Engineering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2011/12/what-exploratory-testing-is-not-part-1-touring/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What Exploratory Testing Is Not&lt;/a&gt; | Part 1 of 5 (Worth read all five)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/652&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Tester’s Commitments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1509&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing 3.0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/procedure.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;General Functionality and Stability Test Procedure&lt;/a&gt; (Paper from 2000, where James Bach (follow this guy on Twitter) shows his process for testing the Windows OS using exploratory testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-ItEKt_N_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Understanding exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2012/07/few-hiccupps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing oracles - HICCUPPS&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1346&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Test is a Performance&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testingjeff.wordpress.com/2011/04/19/testing-test-execution/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing != test execution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILkT_HV9DVU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Lecture by James Bach on Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqwyMaHcjQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach on testing in an agile software development team.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding Automation, you will discover that Selenium is the most used tool at the moment. Given you have a strong background in programming and the fact that tutorials are technology dependent, I'll link more general resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DO8KVe00kcU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Create a Test Automation Framework Architecture With Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Pattern, Martin Fowler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD/Cucumber&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/GivenWhenThen.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/GivenWhenThen.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lostechies.com/joeybeninghove/2010/06/01/cucumber/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://lostechies.com/joeybeninghove/2010/06/01/cucumber/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can find a small automation suite (using Cucumber and other small libraries to implement the Page Object Factory) that I wrote for a Edx-like education platform. It can give you a taste of all the pieces of an automation suite.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/JoaoGFarias/OpenRedu/tree/cucumber_integration/features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/JoaoGFarias/OpenRedu/tree/cucumber_integration/features&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with the preparation, practice makes the tester.&#xA;If you are not able to practice in your company, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.libreoffice.org/community/qa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LibreOffice&lt;/a&gt; has a great QA community (both manual and auto). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-04-18T13:03:28.537" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T13:03:28.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="22989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22985" CreationDate="2016-10-09T08:30:34.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;firstly, i think it is better to choose an industry,such as IT,or Internet,or telecommunication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then, choose one company which you want to go. check the hire information and QA job requirements. learn what it asks. basically, it needs the test theory knowledge and database knowledge,and some scripts knowledge. but the script is different depending on what the industry is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;finally, apply for the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21841" LastActivityDate="2016-10-09T08:30:34.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18564" CreationDate="2016-10-09T14:14:40.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my understanding you can use selenium with testNG or Nunit or MStest.&#xA;As you mention your scenario will be :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1).check the current state of the DB &#xA;To do that in selenium write a test method to open a SQL connection to the desired server and check the status or check the values at the table and save it as a string type variable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2).Run the windows service :&#xA;This is simple to invoke a windows service thru the c# code.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.csharp-examples.net/restart-windows-service/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.csharp-examples.net/restart-windows-service/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3).Verify the changes in the DB:&#xA;To perform this again write a method to open a SQL connection to the desired server and check the new status or check the new values at the table and save it in another string variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At last compare the 1st string value and 2nd string value using an assert commend.&#xA;DONE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-09T14:14:40.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22991" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-09T15:45:12.373" Score="1" ViewCount="863" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data set and demo webUI -&lt;/strong&gt; Sample data in excel sheet (first row being column header) - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DgSKU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DgSKU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo layout - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mZceA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mZceA.png&quot; alt=&quot;page_layout&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem scenario -&lt;/strong&gt; The data to be filled up is from an excel sheet, if the occupation is Entered (that is typed in), it will search in excel sheet's occupation column and populate the data in the name field, for example - After typing engineer, the names of engineers have been populated in the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YvUbK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YvUbK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the name is selected (manually), the Address will be automatically put in the address box from the excel sheets data. i.e. conditional checking from excel sheets data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2sLst.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2sLst.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I can read from excel sheet using the jxl library, but I do not know how to implement the conditional checkings from the excel data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any guideline / code snippet for implementing the conditional checks is highly appreciated. Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21847" LastEditorUserId="21847" LastEditDate="2016-10-09T18:09:38.020" LastActivityDate="2016-10-09T19:43:52.057" Title="Conditional reading from excel data in Selenium JAVA" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22972" CreationDate="2016-10-09T17:25:26.723" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hope you are using appium server with Appium application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Appium.exe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to settings and click on it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &quot;Over ride existing sessions&quot; and click on it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bingo you are done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T10:42:16.410" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T10:42:16.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22991" CreationDate="2016-10-09T19:43:52.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not too sure what your issue is, really, but I'll give it a go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your explanation, the engineer names in your Excel are used to create &lt;code&gt;option&lt;/code&gt; elements in the DOM?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue 1:&lt;/strong&gt; this feels like something your application should fetch from its database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue 2&lt;/strong&gt;: you then mention that you manually select a value in the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thoughts:&lt;/strong&gt; a data row (as input for your tests) should only contain input values (such as a user would type or select) and maybe expected values to check against (again, what a human user could do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An end user will not create dropdown options in the DOM - why do so in your automated scenario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt; can the dropdown data be provided from the application's database? The values in the Excel then only indicate what to select and validate, as befits a data-driven automated test (each row is passed into a test; spreading data for one test over 3 rows is asking for trouble).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If not&lt;/em&gt;, then add a column to your Excel containing &quot;John;Emma;Norman&quot; for each Engineer line. When passing the first row to your test, split this column in a list to create the dropdown, then use column &lt;code&gt;first_name&lt;/code&gt; to select what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-10-09T19:43:52.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22007" CreationDate="2016-10-10T09:13:05.823" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im not sure about the question you are asking but the below lines of codes might help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string nomfichiersource = &quot;UITestActionLog.html&quot;;&#xA;            string nomTest = TestContext.TestName.ToString();&#xA;            string sourcefile = System.IO.Path.Combine(TestContext.TestResultsDirectory, nomfichiersource);&#xA;            string destfile = System.IO.Path.Combine(@&quot;G:\Projects\&quot;, nomTest + &quot;.html&quot;);&#xA;            System.IO.File.Copy(sourcefile, destfile, true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will generate a html file with the logs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this works with MSTest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T09:13:05.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="22997" CreationDate="2016-10-10T09:30:18.383" Score="2" ViewCount="16930" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my code for client registration page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Pages;&#xA;import org.apache.bcel.generic.Select;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;&#xA;public class ClientPage &#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(linkText=&quot;Admin&quot;)&#xA;WebElement admin;&#xA;@FindBy(linkText=&quot;Clients&quot;)&#xA;WebElement clients;&#xA;@FindBy(xpath=&quot;//*[@id='search-container']/a/i&quot;)&#xA;WebElement search;&#xA;@FindBy(id=&quot;name&quot;)&#xA;WebElement name;&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(name=&quot;address&quot;)&#xA;WebElement address;&#xA;&#xA;@FindBy(id=&quot;status&quot;)&#xA;WebElement select;&#xA;&#xA;//constructor&#xA;public ClientPage(WebDriver driver)&#xA;{&#xA;    //initialize elements&#xA;      PageFactory.initElements(driver,this);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;public void clickOnadmin()&#xA;{&#xA;    admin.click();&#xA;}&#xA;public void clickonclient()&#xA;{&#xA;    clients.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void clickonsearch()&#xA;{&#xA;    search.click();&#xA;}&#xA;public void set_clientname(String na)&#xA;{&#xA;    name.clear();&#xA;    name.sendKeys(na);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void set_address(String add)&#xA;{&#xA;    address.clear();&#xA;    address.sendKeys(&quot;add&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;public void select_list()&#xA;{&#xA;     Select stat=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;status&quot;)));&#xA;     stat.selectByVisibleText(&quot;active&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the test page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Test;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import Pages.ClientPage;&#xA;import Pages.HomePage;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class ClientTest&#xA;{&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup()&#xA;{&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void verify()&#xA;{&#xA;    HomePage home=new HomePage(driver);&#xA;    home.set_username(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    home.set_password(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    home.click_button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=1)&#xA;public void verify1()&#xA;{&#xA;    ClientPage client=new ClientPage(driver);&#xA;    client.clickOnadmin();&#xA;    client.clickonclient();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=2)&#xA;public void verify2()&#xA;{&#xA;    ClientPage client=new ClientPage(driver);&#xA;    client.clickOnadmin();&#xA;    client.clickonclient();&#xA;    client.clickonsearch();&#xA;    client.set_clientname(&quot;Ajmal police&quot;);&#xA;    client.set_address(&quot;dubai&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T06:05:32.603" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T06:05:32.603" Title="How to select a value form drop down list using page object model?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22995" CreationDate="2016-10-10T11:46:30.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ClientPage{&#xA;   @FindBy(id=&quot;status&quot;)&#xA;   WebElement status_dropdown;&#xA;   ----------------------------------&#xA;   ----------------------------------   &#xA;   ----------------------------------&#xA;   ----------------------------------&#xA;   public void select_list(String status){&#xA;     Select statusDropdown=new Select(status_dropdown);&#xA;     statusDropdown.selectByVisibleText(status);&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class ClientTest{&#xA;   ----------------------------------&#xA;   ----------------------------------   &#xA;   ----------------------------------&#xA;   ----------------------------------&#xA;   @Test(priority=2)&#xA;   public void verify2(){&#xA;     ClientPage client=new ClientPage(driver);&#xA;     ----------------------------------&#xA;     ----------------------------------   &#xA;     ----------------------------------&#xA;     ----------------------------------&#xA;     client.select_list(&quot;active&quot;);&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T11:46:30.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22995" CreationDate="2016-10-10T11:57:30.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, select a value from drop down list is not unique to page object model. Even there was no page object model, you could still do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question is not clear on which the drop down list is, so here it is:&#xA;From your ClientPage, you have the following elements &lt;code&gt;Admin&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Clients&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;search&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;address&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;status&lt;/code&gt;; the actions you can perform is &lt;code&gt;clickOnadmin()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;clickonclient()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;clickonsearch()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;set_clientname(String na)&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;set_address(String add)&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;select_list()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;verify()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;verify1()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;verify2()&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It seems the coding style is not the best it can be, can I please suggest you go through your code and make sure that all functions have the same naming convention and all arguments make sense? Below is one way to do it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clickOnadmin() should be clickOnAdmin()&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clickonclient() should be clickOnClient()&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clickonsearch() should be clickOnSearch()&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set_clientname(String na) should be setClientName(String clientName)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set_address(String add) should be setAddress(String address)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select_list() should be selectList(), this function should have an input argument I think, otherwise, which one do you select from a list?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verify(), should change its name to indicate its purpose. What does it verify? It verifies if you have navigated to the right page. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verify1(), it is not clear what you are verifying&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;verify2(), it is not clear what you are verifying&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your function &lt;code&gt;verify()&lt;/code&gt;, can I please suggest you add a bit more to it? What happens if the page source does not contain &quot;Hello Sony George&quot;? Your code should navigate to the page you intended to navigate OR display a meaningful message, warning the user this is NOT the page you want to navigate to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the drop down list you want to select from is the &lt;code&gt;Status&lt;/code&gt;, which has &lt;code&gt;None&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Inactive&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Active&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Archived&lt;/code&gt; items, you could add &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public  void statusDropDownList(int index) {&#xA;      Select drop = new Select(status);&#xA;      drop.selectByIndex(index);  &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please do not include your login credentials in a question, you could simply provide us with HTML code.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T11:57:30.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22981" CreationDate="2016-10-10T12:55:55.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After some digging, I have found this one, &lt;strong&gt;Offensive Security Certified Professional&lt;/strong&gt;, please follow this link for more information. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offensive_Security_Certified_Professional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;OSCP certificate on Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This certificate offer a certain degree of real-world experience instead of a pure paper and pen exam.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T12:55:55.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="22999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18724" CreationDate="2016-10-10T15:26:06.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a common struggle in the QA industry that I have seen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While coding can open doors for you, it not a necessity become a &quot;developer&quot; or &quot;coder&quot; to be a successful tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to boost your learning, try with reading debug/code outputs. This will help you start to learn how code works. Once you start there, start attending code review sessions and use your testing brain to ask questions. &#xA;&quot;Hey, Mr Developer, why did you use this logic here. Did you think about this scenario.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From there, you can take many paths to increasing your skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, coding is simply a tool in a tester's toolbox. You can build up many other skills/tools if that is one you are not drawn to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take care!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21739" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T15:26:06.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17460" CreationDate="2016-10-10T15:32:55.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like those above said, it depends on what tools/frameworks you are using. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we migrated to microservices/CD, we found that integrating our tests with ELK stack provided the best bang for the buck. This allowed us to have a centralized reporting platform, not only for developers, but for testers as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is one of the articles we referred back to while setting it up:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cdinsight.wordpress.com/2015/09/16/build-impactful-test-automation-dashboards-using-elk-stack/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://cdinsight.wordpress.com/2015/09/16/build-impactful-test-automation-dashboards-using-elk-stack/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take care!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21739" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T15:32:55.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23002" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-10T20:47:46.647" Score="2" ViewCount="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering if anyone has any best way for automating the testing of windows installer(msi) on various machines(virtual box vm's) with potentially different hardware / software profiles and by specifying various options to the installer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is to have my code to set up a machine, run the installer,then test that certain conditions are true, finally close the machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21860" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-10T20:55:38.780" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T20:55:38.780" Title="Installer testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23002" CreationDate="2016-10-10T20:54:47.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are talking about testing a windows installer onto different hardware and software environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows installed as the OS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows installed in a VM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different hardware / software profiles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Various options specified to the installer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have this kind of test environment? Sound like you wanted to use a piece of software to set up a machine, run the installer, do some verification and close the machine. Do you have a farm of various testing set ups available to you?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have a resource management tool? When you have a farm of testing resources, it is likely this farm is shared between different teams. Your code needs to check if a particular testing set up is available before you can run your installer on it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write your code, do some thing like copying your installer onto a testing set up if it is free, remotely execute it, verify its conditions and close the machine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can not provide you with specifics as there is not much information to work on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-10T20:54:47.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8029" CreationDate="2016-10-11T00:19:12.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(itr.next().getAttribute(&quot;src&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allLinks = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='datepicker']/div/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody[2]/tr/td[@class='' or @class='datepickerSaturday' or @class='datepickerSunday']/a/span&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; itr = allLinks.iterator();&#xA;while(itr.hasNext()) {&#xA;    System.out.println(itr.next()**.getAttribute(&quot;src&quot;)**);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21863" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-11T02:08:52.950" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T02:08:52.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22965" CreationDate="2016-10-11T00:29:31.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;download latest version of selenium jar files and try it. I tried the same code in my system and it worked fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21863" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T00:29:31.467" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T04:21:41.047" Score="2" ViewCount="2415" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, I'm currently working on test automation to a project. I'm using Selenium Webdriver (Java) and TestNG. I have adapted page-object model in my coding and have integrated excel functionality to save test data on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I want to integrate a test reporting to my test automation(cause it says that &quot;test automation without reporting is nothing&quot;). I know there's already a default reporting in TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what I want to know is: what third-party test reporting should I use, &lt;code&gt;XSLT&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ExtentReports&lt;/code&gt;. What's the advantage of using the other one? Or should I start first using former and then proceed to the latter or vice versa?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T05:11:03.860" LastActivityDate="2018-06-15T09:22:02.043" Title="Selenium Test Reporting: XSLT reporting OR ExtentReports" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23007" CreationDate="2016-10-11T05:05:50.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess ExtentReports re more interactive than all others.&#xA;The 1st impression on the test report will be fantastic for the reader(Client or Project manager).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As i believe 1st impression is the most important thing for any thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But on ExtentReports you have to do some extra codding by adding notes, steps and pass fail status.&#xA;But i think it is worth doing it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T05:05:50.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23011" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T10:48:13.743" Score="0" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing to an existing xlsx file using Apache POI. The code updates the value in two columns, and depending on the input it may update the value for more than 1 row as well.&#xA;As you can see, after my code execution, it is supposed to enter values in &lt;em&gt;PassedLinks&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;PassedImages&lt;/em&gt; columns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;util.setData(sheetName, &quot;PassedLinks&quot;, Serial, pass+&quot;/&quot;+ulinks.size());&#xA;util.setData(sheetName, &quot;PassedImages&quot;, Serial, pass+&quot;/&quot;+uimages.size());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, it is not being done properly. It never updates the PassedLinks column, and sometimes it updates only the PassedImages column, that too only one of them.&#xA;The method setData() correctly updates the data when we unit tested it, that too onto any column we provide.&#xA;Another, probably unrelated, problem with this is that the file size grows huge even when a single cell is updated. It grows from say, 7KB to 54KB or so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n59ms.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n59ms.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;This is how the Spreadsheet looks&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15138" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T20:16:42.490" Title="Update value in column using Apache POI" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23012" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23014" CreationDate="2016-10-11T10:54:08.240" Score="3" ViewCount="1114" Body="&lt;p&gt;My test code has a lot of repetition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First I login to my page then go to the client registration page. Here you can see the repeated code for login. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each page I write first login then current page tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I avoid so much repeated code? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my login page..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Pages;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class HomePage &#xA;{&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;       //Page URL&#xA;     //  private static String PAGE_URL=&quot;https://54.68.159.20/qmsadm&quot;;&#xA;       @FindBy(name=&quot;username&quot;)&#xA;       WebElement username;&#xA;       @FindBy(name=&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;       WebElement password;&#xA;       @FindBy(className=&quot;button&quot;)&#xA;       WebElement button;&#xA;       public HomePage(WebDriver driver)&#xA;       {&#xA;        //initialize elements&#xA;          PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;&#xA;       }&#xA;       public void set_username(String usern)&#xA;       {&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(usern);&#xA;       }&#xA;       public void set_password(String userp)&#xA;       {&#xA;        password.clear();&#xA;        password.sendKeys(userp);&#xA;       }&#xA;       public void click_button()&#xA;       {&#xA;        button.submit();&#xA;       }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the login test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Test;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import Pages.ClientPage;&#xA;import Pages.HomePage;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class ClientTest&#xA;{&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup()&#xA;{&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void verify()&#xA;{&#xA;    HomePage home=new HomePage(driver);&#xA;    home.set_username(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    home.set_password(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    home.click_button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the user test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Test;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import Pages.HomePage;&#xA;import Pages.UsersPage;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class UsersTest&#xA;{&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup()&#xA;{&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/qmsadm&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void verify()&#xA;{&#xA;    HomePage home=new HomePage(driver);&#xA;    home.set_username(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    home.set_password(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    home.click_button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=1)&#xA;public void verify1()&#xA;{&#xA;    UsersPage user=new UsersPage(driver);   &#xA;    user.clickOnAdmin();&#xA;    user.clickonusers();&#xA;    user.clickonsearch();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=2)&#xA;public void verify2()&#xA;{&#xA;    UsersPage user=new UsersPage(driver);&#xA;    user.set_username(&quot;k&quot;);&#xA;    user.check_uname();&#xA;    user.set_password(&quot;kk&quot;);&#xA;    user.set_list(&quot;Database admin [Demo]&quot;);&#xA;    user.set_email(&quot;hjk@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello &quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=3)&#xA;public void verify3()&#xA;{&#xA;    UsersPage user=new UsersPage(driver);&#xA;    user.set_username(&quot;k&quot;);&#xA;    user.check_uname();&#xA;    user.set_password(&quot;kk&quot;);&#xA;    user.set_list(&quot;none&quot;);&#xA;    user.set_email(&quot;hjk@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    Assert.assertFalse(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello &quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T06:02:47.960" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T06:02:47.960" Title="How do I make my test code DRY?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;test-architecture&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23013" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T11:48:16.307" Score="1" ViewCount="512" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a page with 3 links, all PDF files.  They all refer to the same directory but to different files in that directory, all of which are pdf files (ending in .pdf).  Manually clicking on any of these links opens up the pdf document in a new page.  (I guess theoretically the requirement is to download but this seems similar).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our Java/Selenium &quot;guru&quot; wrote a method executFileDownload() to download a file from a link such as the above, since selenium clicking on the link and trying to manipulate through the file save window or whatever is tricky).  This method returns the name of a file to which the file was downloaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This method works fine for the first two links.  It downloads them fine.  For the third link it says it cannot find the data in the http response.  For the first two, the mime type is I believe application/pdf but for the third one it is just &quot;&quot; (null or empty).  The guy here said there is an empty response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now obviously I don't expect you to know what the difference in these files would be, though I can manually click on each link and a correct pdf file opens up.  But I thought maybe you might have some suggestions as to why one link might be different from the others, even though they are exactly the same except for the file name, which are all .pdf?  I thought maybe the thrid one gets generated automatically so when you open it, originally it is blank.  Something like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried getting the url and opening it and reading from it.  All 3 files return 29 blank lines.  I think that is probably because they are PDF files and so have no text.  When I download the two using the above method and look at the files (which I used PDFBox to extract the text from) they all appear as they should, with all the information (they are user guides).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure I can, for proprietary reasons, show the executeFileDownload() code.  But it uses JSON and checks the response header.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I guess what I am trying to understand is whether there could be some differences in the way PDF files are sent over http that could cause this discrepancy, or what else I might try?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This is using Java with Selenium and Eclipse).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21871" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T11:48:16.307" Title="Downloading PDF files using PDF Box" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;pdf-file&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23012" CreationDate="2016-10-11T11:49:45.370" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're on the right track towards DRY test code (Don't Repeat Yourself). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I'd refactor what you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data-drive the tests&lt;/strong&gt; - you have a series of almost identical tests here. For each type of test (login test, create user test), you create a data file - CSV or XML works. There is an example with TestNG &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33091726/java-testng-with-data-driven-testing-across-multiple-tests&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. For the login page I'd do something like &lt;code&gt;username,password,success&lt;/code&gt; and modify the assert to use an &lt;code&gt;isLoggedOn&lt;/code&gt; routine from the login page object that returns true/false.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use page object methods to determine success/failure&lt;/strong&gt; - I'd look at using your page object classes more so that your asserts become more a case of &lt;code&gt;Assert.assertTrue(user.Created(data.username, data.success));&lt;/code&gt; where &lt;code&gt;user.Created&lt;/code&gt; returns &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; if the outcome of the action matches the boolean success variable. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add logging to distinguish your test cases&lt;/strong&gt; - the final step here is to add logging to distinguish your test cases, so that the output from your tests includes a statement of what was tested and what was expected. That way, when the tests complete you'll have a record that looks something like this:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test logon for username = george, expect success. PASS&#xA;Test add user username = fred, expect success. PASS&#xA;Test add user username = xx, expect add failure. PASS&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Take small steps&lt;/strong&gt; - don't try to do all this at once. Get your tests running with one of the changes I've suggested, then refactor to make a second change, and so forth. It's much easier to refactor one thing at a time than to try to do it all at once.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T11:49:45.370" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23012" CreationDate="2016-10-11T12:03:03.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Page Objects methods (e.g. functions, in your case set_username) should be actions. The main action on a login page is &quot;Login&quot;. As the action is nearly always the same you can make it a single method. Do you really want to test the setting of the username? Possibly yes, but in this case not, you want to login and test some steps in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here some pseudo code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Login(userObject) {&#xA;  set_username(userObject.username)&#xA;  set_password(userObject.password)&#xA;  click(loginButton)&#xA;&#xA;  return new pageObjectItRedirectsToo // e.g. OverviewPage&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you only have one line to login and if every test logs in you could even move it to the &lt;code&gt;setup()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test code could look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Arrange&#xA;HomePage home=new HomePage(driver);&#xA;UserPage user = home.login(users[&quot;UserWithXRights&quot;);&#xA;// Act&#xA;user.doSomeAction()&#xA;// Assert&#xA;assert(actual, expected)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;users&lt;/code&gt; could be a central static class or file which has the credentials so you don't repeat them in all the tests. You will want to do this with all data you use for your tests so you only have to update it one location. Its like a PageObject but then for data. Personally I would prefer code instead of a separate data-file. If you use a file do put it under version-control it with the application code. (This to make sure you can run test-suites for different application versions, but only if you have different versions (e.g. branches))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the &lt;code&gt;setup()&lt;/code&gt; function as it is the same for all test classes you could &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/IandI/subclasses.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;create a base class it inherits from&lt;/a&gt;. Don't put to much in the base class, certainly no logic, since you would hide complexity and make the tests harder to read and maintain. (&lt;strong&gt;I would like feedback on this from others, not sure what the best approach is.&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test in isolation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also looking at your example you are re-using test state for the next tests steps. When one test fails all the others will also fail. Its better to isolate the tests and focus them on a single thing. Also read this answer: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/8516/3201&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/8516/3201&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Names of test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Give you tests names which explain what they do. Not verify1-10. More like &lt;code&gt;GivenIamLoggedInAsUserX_WhenIDoSomeAction_ThenIVerifyThisResult()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;searchForUserAndChangeValidPassword&lt;/code&gt;. I always start with naming my tests as it makes me think about what do I really want to test and safeguard here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T12:14:43.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23011" CreationDate="2016-10-11T13:08:26.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Figured it out.&#xA;We were opening the FileOutputStream with append as true.&#xA;This has caused the file size to increase, as well as to write only the latest data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15138" LastActivityDate="2016-10-11T13:08:26.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23017" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T14:58:10.257" Score="1" ViewCount="996" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found two ways of parameterize, Which one is correct from below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Given Go to &amp;lt; url &gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Given Go to &quot;url&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Angular brackets or double quotes, which is the right way of using?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T07:13:49.233" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T07:20:05.313" Title="Best way to implement parameterize scenarios in Cucumber?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-10-12T11:44:46.357" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23019" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T16:38:36.190" Score="2" ViewCount="6885" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to call the rest api in the selenium and save the JSON (response) in text file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also need to pass header value for webservice authentication. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21876" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T04:38:50.670" Title="How to call webservices through selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-12T11:45:45.400" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23020" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-11T19:47:44.983" Score="3" ViewCount="2421" Body="&lt;p&gt;The UI application that I am trying to automate has a horizontal menu, with a number of submenu options each (similar to a web browser toolbar). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to navigate to each sub menu option and verify that the page opens correctly. For IE, Firefox, and Chrome my code works correctly, but I am getting a lot of issues when I try to do it on Edge. The first few sub menu options open correct, but about half way through I am getting the following error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: Stale element&#xA;reference (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace&#xA;information) Command duration or timeout: 16 milliseconds For&#xA;documentation on this error, please visit:&#xA;http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/stale_element_reference.html Build&#xA;info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30&#xA;17:32:46' System info: host: 'LPRDJMDB7R1', ip: '10.254.1.118',&#xA;os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0',&#xA;java.version: '1.8.0_101' Driver info:&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver Capabilities&#xA;[{applicationCacheEnabled=true, acceptSslCerts=true,&#xA;browserVersion=38.14393.0.0, platformVersion=10,&#xA;locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true,&#xA;browserName=MicrosoftEdge, takesScreenshot=true,&#xA;pageLoadStrategy=normal, takesElementScreenshot=true,&#xA;platformName=windows, platform=ANY}] Session ID:&#xA;3C5610CF-77F0-4EBD-ABA0-B09EE4778349&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Followed by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Unknown error (WARNING: The&#xA;server did not provide any stacktrace information) Command duration or&#xA;timeout: 5 milliseconds Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision:&#xA;'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30 17:32:46' System info: host:&#xA;'LPRDJMDB7R1', ip: '10.254.1.118', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch:&#xA;'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_101' Driver info:&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver Capabilities&#xA;[{applicationCacheEnabled=true, acceptSslCerts=true,&#xA;browserVersion=38.14393.0.0, platformVersion=10,&#xA;locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true,&#xA;browserName=MicrosoftEdge, takesScreenshot=true,&#xA;pageLoadStrategy=normal, takesElementScreenshot=true,&#xA;platformName=windows, platform=ANY}] Session ID:&#xA;3C5610CF-77F0-4EBD-ABA0-B09EE4778349&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then my driver closes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried a number of different pieces of code to remove the &lt;code&gt;StaleElementReferenceException&lt;/code&gt; (which did work for the other menu items), including: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(Setup.driver, 10)&#xA;.ignoring(StaleElementReferenceException.class).until(new ExpectedCondition&amp;lt;Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public Boolean apply(WebDriver driver) &#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement element = TestControl.findElementsByLinkTextScope(subMenuScope, subMenu);&#xA;        if(element!=null) &#xA;        {&#xA;            errorOccurred= TestedElement.click(element);&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;             return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea why this might be happening? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used Selenium 2.53 and Edge WebDriver version 14393.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21782" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T08:52:51.360" LastActivityDate="2019-01-31T09:05:07.143" Title="Selenium-Unknown error: org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23029" CreationDate="2016-10-12T03:01:43.027" Score="-1" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have test case like this:&#xA;User input Money value, then Discount value will be calculated automatically, user save the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Money   : 1.000.000&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Discount: 10 (Automatically calculated -&gt; Budget/100.000)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Save&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to automated a lot of data, but when I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Command: Type&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Target : id=Money&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Value  : 1.000.000&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Command: Click&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Target : id=Save&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Value  : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test case immediately Save the data before Discount value calculated, what command should I use to get Discount value calculated first before click Save?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T07:10:50.410" Title="What SeleniumIDE command use to wait for value to automatically calculated?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23022" CreationDate="2016-10-12T03:37:04.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to wait for few seconds till your discount get calculated, SO please use below codes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Command: pause&#xA;Target: 5000 -(From miliseconds as i can remember.)&#xA;Value:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or use below link :&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-testing-tutorials-automation.com/2012/11/pause-refresh-and-waitforpagetoload.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.software-testing-tutorials-automation.com/2012/11/pause-refresh-and-waitforpagetoload.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T03:37:04.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23019" CreationDate="2016-10-12T04:38:50.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why you wanted to use Selenium to call web-services? Selenium is not made for it. You can try few things using webdriver actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Many have already used Java + selenium webdriver to call &amp;amp; interact with webservices. check here for &lt;a href=&quot;http://forumsqa.com/question/how-to-automate-web-servicesapis-using-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T04:38:50.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23020" CreationDate="2016-10-12T04:48:23.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen &quot;&lt;strong&gt;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; in stack. Understand when this exception can be thrown:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you are trying to interact with an element which is not available on screen/page StaleElement related exception will be thrown.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution to avoid this:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It may happen that you are interacting with wrong element. Please cross check the element you are willing to interact&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ensure that element is displayed on screen/page &amp;amp; then take appropriate action on it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some time due to server response or internet there would be delay for that element to get load or display on screen. This can be avoid by using power of implicit wait&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For an urgency we have use explicit wait but this would not be the best practices. I won't recommend it to keep using always and everywhere&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T04:48:23.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23017" CreationDate="2016-10-12T04:58:31.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have not mentioned in details how you have implemented or intent to be implemented. [I will suggest to have practice to add more details for your question.]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seems you wanted to give input of URL to particular step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In both above step if you are directly going to keep actual URL then It will not make any major difference&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Good practices:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What you can do for giving input of URL, you should provide it after/below your this step definition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Instead of hard-coded value in step itself&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Even better option would be if you can fetch that input from different test_data file&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T04:58:31.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23028" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-12T06:35:36.613" Score="1" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;Small issue:&#xA;I am opening one file on mac programatically. But I am getting error of Permission denied&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I resolve this error &amp;amp; grant permission?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T07:14:17.343" Title="Appium Upgrade to 1.5.3 : How to resolve &quot;Permission denied&quot; error?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23022" CreationDate="2016-10-12T06:58:59.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use the waitForElementPresent command befaroe saving the calculated value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use for pointing to the input field not only the id in a XPath, but also that value should not be null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//input[@id='Save' and not @value='']&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(not 100% sure if this xpath is correct)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastEditorUserId="20899" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T07:10:50.410" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T07:10:50.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23017" CreationDate="2016-10-12T07:20:05.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither. Please read the documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &amp;lt;&gt; are used only for Scenario Outline examples.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &quot;&quot; double-quotes are not really needed too parameterize, it just makes it easier to see and read what the parameter is in a sentence, but all the reference examples do not use them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T07:20:05.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23031" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23043" CreationDate="2016-10-12T07:58:30.483" Score="2" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recorded actions with Ranorex and I want to provide a reusable method. I have selected all actions and chosen the context menu entry &quot;Merge items to user code item&quot;, which generated C# code for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately the code is not clean, because it does not use a decorator pattern for the log statements. Every second line is a &lt;code&gt;Report.Log()&lt;/code&gt; call. Aside of this architectural flaw, is there a way I could generate user code without those &lt;code&gt;Report.Log()&lt;/code&gt; calls?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tools/Options/General/Ranorex Code Generation, but there are no suitable options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tools/Options/Coding/Code Generation, but there are no suitable options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Global Settings, but there are no suitable options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T12:05:51.323" Title="Prevent Report.Log() from being generated when converting a recording to user code" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22551" CreationDate="2016-10-12T08:05:51.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ranorex Studio is actually a customized version of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.icsharpcode.net/OpenSource/SD/Default.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SharpDevelop&lt;/a&gt;. &#xA;There is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/icsharpcode/SharpDevelop/wiki/Third-Party-AddIns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;list of 3rd party SharpDevelop Plugins&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since not even a single of our plugins is listed (and ReSharper is very popular, so someone must have noticed), it seems that the plugin API between SharpDevelop and Visual Studio is &lt;strong&gt;not compatible&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T08:05:51.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23034" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-12T09:45:27.060" Score="1" ViewCount="899" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;IE 11&lt;/code&gt;, mouse hover is not working.It is &lt;code&gt;kendo-control&lt;/code&gt;.Tried with each possible way.But anything is not working.The element is getting highlighted but it is not opening the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to hover first &lt;code&gt;Store Admin&lt;/code&gt; link. After hovering when list appears need to click on &lt;code&gt;set store parameter&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/irvLG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/irvLG.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T09:45:27.060" Title="Hover Function not working in selenium webdriver for IE 11 browser" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;ie11&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-19T10:41:10.123" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23020" CreationDate="2016-10-12T10:46:08.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It happens when element is found but then changes before you click/interact with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to get around it even with explicit wait. Selenium/webdriver thinks element is present, visible, clickable even though it is still beeing updated and when you interact, it throws StaleElementReferenceException.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try catching error, and clicking again as a quick fix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void Click(element){&#xA; try {&#xA;  Find(element).Click()&#xA; }&#xA; catch (StaleElementReferenceException) {&#xA;  Click(element)&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T10:46:08.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23037" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-12T11:31:13.343" Score="4" ViewCount="821" Body="&lt;p&gt;To avoid creating unnecessary/redundant steps within a test case, is it reasonable to mention or reference another test case to avoid redundancy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21889" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T11:46:44.773" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T08:21:59.713" Title="Is it reasonable to refer another test case within a test case" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23039" CreationDate="2016-10-12T11:38:53.617" Score="0" ViewCount="335" Body="&lt;p&gt;In code generated by Ranorex I have seen that spaces are escaped when text comparison is done on Regex basis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;table[@controlid='1008']/?/?/cell[@text~'^This\ text\ has\ spaces']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wondered about that, because in &quot;normal&quot; (all kinds of different Regex I've seen until now), the space is not a special character.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling about it I found the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/ranorexpath.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ranorex XPath site&lt;/a&gt; which has the example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;listitem[@text~'^sample\ 123$']&lt;/code&gt; matches 'sample 123' (use backslash to escape special characters like space)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following the examples, there is a list of special characters, as there are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.&#xA;$&#xA;|&#xA;*&#xA;+&#xA;?&#xA;^&#xA;()&#xA;[]&#xA;[^0-9]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It further refers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/az24scfc.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Microsoft .NET Regex (MSDN)&lt;/a&gt;, which sounds reasonable, since Ranorex tests are developed on .NET basis with SharpDevelop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being a C# develop for 10 years, I'm pretty sure that a space is not a special character in .NET Regex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is special about a space in a Ranorex Regex?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T11:52:39.190" Title="What is special about a space in a Ranorex Regex?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23038" CreationDate="2016-10-12T11:52:39.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is nothing special about it and spaces do not need to be escaped. It's more likely that Ranorex uses  &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.text.regularexpressions.regex.escape(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Regex.Escape()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which escapes the spaces (emphasis mine):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Escapes a minimal set of characters (\, *, +, ?, |, {, [, (,), ^, $,., #, &lt;strong&gt;and white space&lt;/strong&gt;) by replacing them with their escape codes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following code demonstrates this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Text.RegularExpressions;&#xA;&#xA;public class Program&#xA;{&#xA;    public static void Main()&#xA;    {&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(Regex.Escape(&quot;This text has spaces&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T11:52:39.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23037" CreationDate="2016-10-12T11:57:45.543" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To decide whether you are going to reference other test cases to avoid writing the same sets of steps multiple times, you need to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the audience&lt;/strong&gt; - If your test cases are written for unskilled manual testers who are expected to execute them without much if any thought, you may be better off with redundancy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;usage&lt;/strong&gt; - if testers are working with printouts, then you may be better with redundancy. If they're working with a tool and can simply click to open the referenced test case, you may be better referencing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;test case management tool&lt;/strong&gt; - some tools make cross-referencing test cases much easier than others, for instance Microsoft's Team Services/TFS test management has the concept of shared steps which can be linked in and will be listed in full during test execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;reporting needs&lt;/strong&gt; - if you need to provide your customer with a copy of all test cases and your tool doesn't have the capacity to expand the linked test cases, you may need to list them all.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My preference is to avoid redundancy and repetition wherever possible, but there are circumstances where it may not be possible to have a more maintainable and DRY test case repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T11:57:45.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2016-10-12T12:22:35.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you´re using robotframework with or without RIDE IDE, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robotframework/Selenium2Library/issues/164#issuecomment-12693451&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this suggestion actually works for me&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;In conjunction with &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/pt-PT/firefox/addon/saved-password-editor/?src=api&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Saved Password Editor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Generate a new firefox profile by starting the ff profile manager (dos prompt: ff.exe -p)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Start ff with this profile&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Install the add-on Auto-auth, (which allows you to log on automatically on sites with basic auth when you have stored the credentials in the password manager of ff; without this add-on, for every new session you will get prompted for the credentials, even if you stored them in the password manager.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Goto your website, fill in the credentials, and save them in the password manager&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use this profile to run your robotframework tests: start the selenium server standalone with the option -firefoxProfileTemplate 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox...\path_to_this_new_profile'&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21892" LastEditorUserId="21892" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T17:54:46.403" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T17:54:46.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18816" CreationDate="2016-10-12T12:24:26.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have given brief in details how to generate report dashboard in Jmeter in this StackExchange question,please read it and you will generate HTML reports clearly for your test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38263768/how-do-i-generate-a-dashboard-report-in-jmeter/39998477#39998477&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38263768/how-do-i-generate-a-dashboard-report-in-jmeter/39998477#39998477&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21668" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T12:24:26.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23031" CreationDate="2016-10-12T13:46:07.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm astonished that Ranorex support told me that this is not possible, because here's how:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have not converted the recording into user code yet, you can change the settings like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the recording in Ranorex Studio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Settings...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to tab &quot;Current Recording&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uncheck &quot;Use item logging by default&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click &quot;Ok&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Convert your recording to user code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kFb5w.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kFb5w.png&quot; alt=&quot;Do not generate logging&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Original answer, may still apply if you already have &lt;code&gt;Report.Log()&lt;/code&gt; statements in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the Search&amp;amp;Replace functionality (&lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;H&lt;/kbd&gt;) works fine when using a Regular Expression and replacing with nothing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;^[ \t]*Report.Log.*;\s*$&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ \t]*&lt;/code&gt; will allow tabs and spaces at the beginning (&lt;code&gt;^&lt;/code&gt;), followed by a  &lt;code&gt;Report.Log&lt;/code&gt; call with any parameters (&lt;code&gt;.*&lt;/code&gt;) until the end of the line (&lt;code&gt;$&lt;/code&gt;) which may have trailing whitespace (&lt;code&gt;\s*&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T12:05:51.323" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T12:05:51.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23044" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-12T16:30:33.357" Score="5" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tests I like to write are usually of the form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Assume we are testing software that posts and adjusts trades&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Take a fresh copy of the database and populate it with pre-frozen data as needed (say, a trade)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Take test case data (trade change message)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pass that data to your software (whole software, so this is closer to integration test than unit test). In this case, let the software accept the trade change message and hopefully amend the trade in the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The software is configured to point to your fresh copy of database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check the database, verify that the resulting data is 100% matching your &quot;expected data&quot; for test case.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This seems to be different from integration testing for me, because we are mocking/isolating the environment completely (fresh database, custom network port number etc...), so in a way conceptually it seems closer to a mocked unit test, except at integration test scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there a formal QA term for this kind of test?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4727" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T22:03:01.147" Title="Is there a formal QA term for this kind of test?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23045" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-12T16:51:37.050" Score="1" ViewCount="1950" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in the process of creating script using WebDriver for filter functionality for an application which has field names , operands and search value text boxes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the script for selecting the values from operands drop down like below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List &amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; filterdrp = (List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;) driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[6]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/div[2]&quot;));&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[6]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[21]&quot;)));&#xA;int size = filterdrp.size();&#xA;System.out.println(size);&#xA;for(int i=1;i&amp;lt;=size;i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;            actions.sendKeys(Keys.DOWN).build().perform();//press down arrow key&#xA;            actions.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();//press enter&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the script without the above lines, the script is able to identify the search value text box and it runs. When I use these lines I get the error message as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not displayed (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 159 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: '2.50.1', revision: 'd7fc91b', time: '2016-01-29 19:04:49'&#xA;System info: host: 'MXL4080HTD', ip: '172.18.32.188', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_101'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{browserAttachTimeout=0, ie.enableFullPageScreenshot=true, enablePersistentHover=true, ie.forceCreateProcessApi=false, ie.forceShellWindowsApi=false, pageLoadStrategy=normal, ignoreZoomSetting=false, ie.fileUploadDialogTimeout=3000, version=11, platform=WINDOWS, nativeEvents=true, ie.ensureCleanSession=false, elementScrollBehavior=0, ie.browserCommandLineSwitches=, requireWindowFocus=false, browserName=internet explorer, initialBrowserUrl=http://localhost:43373/, javascriptEnabled=true, ignoreProtectedModeSettings=false, enableElementCacheCleanup=true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour=dismiss}]&#xA;Session ID: 84c8353c-3106-44fe-b0a7-6a6782c1945d&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:206)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:158)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:678)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.execute(RemoteWebElement.java:327)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement.sendKeys(RemoteWebElement.java:122)&#xA;    at toStartWith.ReadIntGlobal_data.IntellaGBL_Filter(ReadIntGlobal_data.java:123)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:85)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:639)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:816)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1124)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:108)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:774)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:624)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:359)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:354)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:312)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:261)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1215)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1140)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1048)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:126)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:152)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:57)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above error is displayed when the control goes to identify the text box for search.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting error at the next line which is below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//input[@type='text'])[5]&quot;)).clear();     &#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//input[@type='text'])[5]&quot;)).sendKeys(values);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;ApplyFilter&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried webdriver wait and other couple of options but it still throws the error.Please help. &#xA;I have tried using id, name, css to find the element, It works only with xpath. Couldn't generate Relative xpath as it looks like it doesn't have one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21898" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-10-15T09:05:11.540" LastActivityDate="2017-05-13T15:51:05.830" Title="Element is not displayed error message for the text box which was visible earlier" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23044" CreationDate="2016-10-12T17:23:03.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, you're testing identical integrations as your environment with relatively static data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would consider this an easily repeatable integration test. Essentially you just set up a smart way to do it. Often times I will do similar steps with integration-level unit tests, though usually not to the extreme you are going.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me the term would be integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T17:23:03.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9007" CreationDate="2016-10-12T18:35:52.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I've solved this, but my solution is an awful hack. The only thing it has going for it is that it has worked, at least for us. Here's the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the code at the center of the solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webdriver.get('about://blank')&#xA;my_script = 'var a = document.createElement(&quot;a&quot;);' \&#xA;            'var linkText = document.createTextNode(&quot;%s&quot;);' \&#xA;            'a.appendChild(linkText);' \&#xA;            'a.title = &quot;%s&quot;;' \&#xA;            'a.href = &quot;%s&quot;;' \&#xA;            'document.body.appendChild(a);' % \&#xA;            (url_to_use, url_to_use, url_to_use)&#xA;webdriver.execute_script(my_script)&#xA;webdriver.set_page_load_timeout(20)&#xA;webdriver.click_element_by_text('css=a', url_to_use)&#xA;if page.loaded() is False:&#xA;    webdriver.click_element_by_text('css=a', url_to_use)&#xA;if page.loaded() is False:&#xA;    webdriver.click_element_by_text('css=a', url_to_use)&#xA;if page.loaded() is False:&#xA;    webdriver.click_element_by_text('css=a', url_to_use)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testautomationarchitecture.blogspot.com/2016/10/python-selenium-and-dreaded-timed-out.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testautomationarchitecture.blogspot.com/2016/10/python-selenium-and-dreaded-timed-out.html&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21900" LastEditorUserId="21900" LastEditDate="2020-05-14T18:45:24.483" LastActivityDate="2020-05-14T18:45:24.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23044" CreationDate="2016-10-12T19:05:54.940" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are creating a copy of the production environment as a test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say do not worry too much of which term you are using, as the boundaries for different tests are not black-white defined. In your case, there are hints of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User acceptance test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the reason for you to name it formally is to document it properly, then give it a name then explain it like you did here. People will understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-12T22:03:01.147" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T22:03:01.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23049" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-12T21:29:09.410" Score="2" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know it's not quite QA related to be asked here but since all my background is as a QA I thought I'd give it a shoot. Besides this, I noticed that higher seniority jobs also require more or less devops knowledge too&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bit of background on the project:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Microsoft technology based project consisting in a Windows Service&#xA;with an in-house WebServer as a wrapper (so I’m not talking about&#xA;IIS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customers get the installer, install the product and use it by&#xA;accessing the web interface&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Git for source control and Visual Studio Online&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A few unit tests that run after every commit, a couple of integration&#xA;tests that run nightly and soon we’ll have some UI (Selenium) tests&#xA;that will be run nightly and weekly, so a basic CI/CD is in place&#xA;already.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bit of background about me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automation engineer with a couple of years of experience with C#,&#xA;Selenium, MSTest, NUnit and others&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;know my way around programming (C# .NET mostly) somewhere to a&#xA;intermediate developer level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we want in the team, is to have someone (I volunteered) that takes ownership of Devops / release engineer tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that no one has the experience with these kind of “tasks” (meaning what should we start with besides what we already have) so I’d want to take it slowly and build on what we have, preferably without making massive changes (in terms of processes, tools, etc) right from the start. Besides this, any learning material on new tools, processes, way of working is highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15181" LastEditorUserId="15181" LastEditDate="2016-10-13T04:29:52.537" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T04:29:52.537" Title="Learning material and recommendations to accomplish DevOps/Release engineer tasks in a MS based project?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23049" CreationDate="2016-10-12T22:18:13.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, I do not think you should be worried about that &lt;strong&gt;no one has the experience with these kind of tasks.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We all start from knowing nothing. It is almost a daily task for us to offer a solution to something we know nothing about.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have someone in mind that will volunteer for this job? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask in a team meeting for a volunteer to take up this role. As Agile principles state, the best solution always comes from self-motivating and self-organizing teams. A volunteer will more pro-actively learn and perform.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was you, how would I approach this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As you said, start from small. Can you break down those tasks further? Pick up those essential ones and assign them to this volunteer. See what kind of problems there will be. E.g. build a miniature version of this role with minimum amount of work to start with, then gradually expand workload.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some essential skills are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic C# programming knowledge, &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/zkxk2fwf(v=vs.90).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;free C# reference is here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to coordinate with customers and developers, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJgE3d2gCEQ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to be assertive&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ltg2X0e5g-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to deliver bad news&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Git source control &lt;a href=&quot;https://git-scm.com/docs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Git online reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiar with basic testing terminologies and techniques &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/foundation-level/foundation-level-content.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISTQB foundation syllabus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-12T22:18:13.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23045" CreationDate="2016-10-13T03:57:42.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not clear actually where you are getting error. Still based on my understanding logically code you have written is fine. It should not through error. Can you try below solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are using &quot;Absolute xpath&quot; for finding element. Please cross check those as they are correct and proper for element you wanted to interact&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Can you use &quot;Relative xpath&quot;. Just a try if it works&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have faced few difficulties while using xpath using selenium. Can you try to find element by id or name or css or class with index&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;May be you can find any of the parent class of element first and then check under that class or nesting might help to find child element&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Best solution would be check the visibility of an element before taking an action&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T03:57:42.953" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22049" CreationDate="2016-10-13T07:23:39.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the terminology used in any software testing services: &lt;strong&gt;n+1 testing&lt;/strong&gt; is basically used to ensure a good quality cycle after reported errors are fixed. &#xA;The quality cycles are then repeated until the solution reaches a steady state and are free from any error. Due to this, it is also often known as a &#xA;variation of the Regression Testing(thorough testing each module of the application) as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second terminology used in software testing company: &lt;strong&gt;DevOps&lt;/strong&gt; is a movement to bring Development and Operations together– a way to communicate and collaborate across Dev and Ops. Development here is inclusive of development and test. It can be further classified as meeting the market demands for delivery of innovative new application services, doing this faster and at a lower cost without compromising on quality. So, in a nutshell, DevOps is a software development methodology which looks to integrate all the software development functions from development to operations within the same cycle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer to below link for more details on this terminology:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sdarchitect.wordpress.com/2012/07/24/understanding-devops-part-1-defining-devops/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://sdarchitect.wordpress.com/2012/07/24/understanding-devops-part-1-defining-devops/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T07:23:39.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23037" CreationDate="2016-10-13T09:15:41.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes this is totally acceptable in Software Quality Assurance Industry.&#xA;Thats why MS Test Manager contain a section named &quot;Shared Steps&quot; when we are on the test case writing section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T09:15:41.780" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1976" CreationDate="2016-10-13T10:04:17.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;TL;DR&lt;/b&gt; - The question didn’t mention whether they are looking for an open source or free solution but if not then &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tesults.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tesults&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tesults.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.tesults.com&lt;/a&gt;) does what is being asked for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No doubt Jason has moved on with his life after five years but most of the answers here still do not actually answer the question. He has a specific requirement where it looks like he already has existing test frameworks set up across various platforms and requires no help with setting up the ‘management’ of tests or writing tests. He simply wants to collate his results and quote &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;submit them to a central location&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so that a human manager can come along and view a report of the results by &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;platform, OS, hardware configuration and maybe user defined&#xA;  data.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything mentioned here is either a test framework (which he has clearly said he does not need) or is far too heavy (management of the whole testing lifecycle).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly he did not mention if he was looking for an open source or free provider, if he was then I still don’t have an answer but I’m using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tesults.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tesults&lt;/a&gt; and it does exactly what Jason wanted. As a matter of integrity for myself and Tesults I should mention I found out about it directly from the developers because I know them and they suggested I post this response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21887" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T10:04:17.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20543" CreationDate="2016-10-13T11:16:16.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;find_element_by_css_selector&quot; instead of &quot;find_element_by_class_name&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out my blog for the working code for face book login and logout:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://pythoninterface.blogspot.in/2016/10/automation-for-login-and-logout-of.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://pythoninterface.blogspot.in/2016/10/automation-for-login-and-logout-of.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21913" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T11:16:16.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23037" CreationDate="2016-10-13T11:25:34.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Generally No, particularly for automated testing.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally each test case should have no external dependencies.  When you find the need to reference information from another test case you should consider refactoring to remove the redundancy and include the steps as setup for the test in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally you want to be able to run any test on its own and any set of tests in any order.  Tests that have dependencies on other tests are a test code smell because we have learned over time that such dependencies lead to brittle fragile tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One option to address these issues is to ensure that you have a system for setup and teardown (often by using a test framework that does it for you).  Within this it will be common for sets of tests to have common setup tasks that are defined once and then done for each case in that group.  The data is NOT shared, it is still destroyed between each individual tests, the different being that the definition of the data is only done once.  This is often done in a tree like fashion so that as you traverse down the branches the setup for each test will be  combination of all the setups that are defined at the start of each branch that led you to the current test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T13:22:14.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23059" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-13T11:27:07.860" Score="2" ViewCount="8189" Body="&lt;p&gt;My screen size is &lt;code&gt;(800, 1280)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have determained the screen size using: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dimension size = driver.manage().window().getSize();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to tab at a given coordinates of the screen so can anyone tell me how to do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T09:30:05.897" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T09:30:05.897" Title="Appium: How to tap or click at a X/Y co-ordinates" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23059" CreationDate="2016-10-13T12:35:42.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have already found &lt;strong&gt;screen size&lt;/strong&gt; by using&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dimension size = driver.manage().window().getSize();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Just to &lt;strong&gt;calculate center point of height&lt;/strong&gt; of the screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;int point_to_tap = (int) (size.getHeight() * 0.5);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To &lt;strong&gt;calculate center point of width&lt;/strong&gt; of the screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;int point_to_tap = (int) (size.getWidth() * 0.5);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then you can simply tap providing &lt;code&gt;point_to_tap&lt;/code&gt; as a parameter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-13T12:49:10.197" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T12:49:10.197" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-13T14:03:39.783" Score="1" ViewCount="5524" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I stop this script from the command line?&#xA;&lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.53.1.jar&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can kill this process by using &lt;code&gt;Ctrl+C&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;pkill -9 java&lt;/code&gt; but I want to stop this after 30 seconds automatically. I have to run this script from the server, so whenever this script runs I want to kill it after 30 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21918" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:10:22.433" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:10:22.433" Title="How do I stop a script from the command line?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-14T02:36:47.043" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23063" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23075" CreationDate="2016-10-13T14:24:43.473" Score="3" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're trying to have automated mobile testing but it's taking a huge amount of effort and I'm not seeing any rewards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our site is responsive and has a mobile view.  We do not have native mobile apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have found so far is that nearly all the errors we have found also occur on desktop flows, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A required field wasn't entered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A field entry used an invalid format&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I got a 404 or 500 error page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A dropdown list did not have the expected values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An error field did not have the correct error highlighting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not been able to identify any &lt;em&gt;mobile&lt;/em&gt; specific issues (issues that would &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; occur on desktop) that our automation would catch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the few errors that I have seen such as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A field is on the page but not currently visible in the viewport&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A field is to small to tap on with a finger&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tapping a field twice leads to a click on the next page when finally loaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;are NOT the sort of issues that our selenium based automated mobile testing (using Ruby, Capybara and Appium) would capture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am being asked by my organization to do automated mobile testing because this is half of our traffic.  I accept this but feel that given the difficulty of setting up mobile testing and the effort involved, I should identify what issues automated mobile testing should be expected to uncover.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am looking for issues that wouldn't be present when running desktop automation on a narrow window to force the responsive mobile view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This follows a theme that I have been focused on a lot lately, which is 'How to make sure tests add value'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-13T23:44:00.527" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T15:58:16.977" Title="What issues, when automating responsive mobile sites, don't appear on a desktop" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23062" CreationDate="2016-10-13T15:26:57.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can schedule the pkill tasks and run it every 30 seconds, but this doesnt make a lot of sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6517501/selenium-2-how-to-check-that-server-is-running-and-stop-the-server&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt; you can also hit a URL (&lt;code&gt;http://localhost:4444/selenium-server/driver?cmd=shutDownSeleniumServer&lt;/code&gt;) at the end of your test to shutdown the Selenium server. Maybe that gives you some direction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think your question does not have enough information to give a better answer though :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T15:26:57.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23066" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23078" CreationDate="2016-10-13T16:25:33.153" Score="2" ViewCount="3163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know what is the importance of test-driven development with Selenium/Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it a framework ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-13T17:01:48.967" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T06:37:23.340" Title="Importance of using TDD with Selenium/Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23066" CreationDate="2016-10-13T17:00:56.803" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test-Driven Development is a way of of developing software, its a practise. It is a process you can follow. You write a failing tests and implement just enough code to make the test pass, afterwards you clean or refactor your code and create a new failing test. Repeat this cycle until your software is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly TDD is used with unit-tests and less with integration or functional tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now writing Selenium tests first is not something that is done often, because you do not know yet how your web-page design will be. Although it can certainly be done. More often a BDD (Behaviour-Driven Development) cycle is used. In BDD the external or user behaviour is described and executed by the tests. Still it uses the same cycle, describe the behaviour first before you do the actual coding. (its the same as TDD, but more descriptive to communicate between users and developers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main thing here is just to write test-cases first before doing any coding, but one test at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If TDD is important, thats too objective to answer, but I think its important to understand. It is a process and a handy tool for developers to solve certain software problems. Understand when and why it is practical. I would execute a couple of TTD coding kata's to get the grasp of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;String Calculator Kata: &lt;a href=&quot;http://osherove.com/tdd-kata-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://osherove.com/tdd-kata-1/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD Coding Dojo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/the-coding-dojo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/the-coding-dojo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scenario based UI testing tool: &lt;a href=&quot;http://codecept.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://codecept.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-13T17:00:56.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23068" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-13T20:45:49.523" Score="3" ViewCount="3150" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Selenium and I think I'm just not understanding what is happening in the code and browser. I can work around my issue by replacing the driver.wait code (posted below) with a &lt;code&gt;driver.sleep(1000)&lt;/code&gt; but I have been reading that sleep statements aren't ideal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can somebody help me figure out why the code I have isn't working and what exactly is going on? I can provide a full stack trace if it is helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what the code looks like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver')&#xA;const chrome = require(&quot;selenium-webdriver/chrome&quot;);&#xA;const By = webdriver.By&#xA;const until = webdriver.until&#xA;&#xA;var username = &quot;XXX&quot;&#xA;var password = &quot;XXX&quot;&#xA;&#xA;function login(username, password) {    &#xA;    // This part works fine&#xA;    driver.wait(until.elementLocated(By.id('Email')))&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id('Email')).sendKeys(username)&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id('next')).click()&#xA;&#xA;    // Here is where the element not visible happens&#xA;    driver.wait(until.elementLocated(By.id('Passwd')), 5000)&#xA;    // driver.sleep(1000) works but I'm not sure why?&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id('Passwd')).sendKeys(password)&#xA;&#xA;    // Login&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id('signIn')).click()&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;var driver = new webdriver.Builder()&#xA;        .withCapabilities({'browserName': 'chrome'}).build()&#xA;driver.get('https://gmail.com')&#xA;login(username, password)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21925" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T14:02:05.273" Title="WebdriverJS ElementNotVisibleError: element not visible" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23068" CreationDate="2016-10-13T20:58:42.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right, Selenium allows you to avoid such woodoo waits, gives you full control. And you know the drill: &quot;with great power comes great responsibility&quot;. So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) learn to use helper class &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions: EC.presence_of_element_located()&lt;/code&gt; - will wait until element is visible and clickable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Once you located element, save reference and use it, so you don't have to locate in next line again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T14:02:05.273" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T14:02:05.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22105" CreationDate="2016-10-14T00:42:29.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is really easy if the use of the AWS JDK is an option for you.  I tried many hours to generate my own signature for REST API access to AWS.  After I discovered the AWS JDK it was a matter of minutes.  All can be done with a few lines of groovy script code within ReadyAPI/SoapUI NG.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download, install, configure AWS CLI. (why this?  If you configure your secret key in the CLI, the JDK will recognize the configuration and configuration location on your computer and use it)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be on latest version of ReadyAPI/SoapUI&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download AWS JDK and unzip&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Copy aws-java-sdk-x.xx.xx.jar to your ReadyAPI/SoapUI installation Lib folder and restart ReadyAPI/SoapUI&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Groovy script step code utilizing AWS JDK to list buckets that you have access to(commented out stuff would let you create buckets):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import com.amazonaws.AmazonClientException;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.AmazonServiceException;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.auth.profile.ProfileCredentialsProvider;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.regions.Region;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.regions.Regions;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.services.s3.AmazonS3;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.services.s3.AmazonS3Client;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.CreateBucketRequest;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.ListBucketsRequest;&#xA;import com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.GetBucketLocationRequest;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;def AmazonS3 s3client = new AmazonS3Client(new ProfileCredentialsProvider());&#xA;//s3client.setRegion(Region.getRegion(Regions.US_WEST_2));&#xA;&#xA;try {&#xA;//   def String bucketName     = &quot;soapui-bucket&quot;;&#xA;//   if(!(s3client.doesBucketExist(bucketName))) {&#xA;//      // Note that CreateBucketRequest does not specify region. So bucket is created in the region specified in the client.&#xA;//      s3client.createBucket(new CreateBucketRequest(bucketName));&#xA;//   };&#xA;&#xA;   // Get location.&#xA;//   String bucketLocation = s3client.getBucketLocation(new GetBucketLocationRequest(bucketName));&#xA;//   log.info(&quot;bucket location = &quot; + bucketLocation);&#xA;&#xA;   // A couple of ways to list buckets.&#xA;   bucketList = s3client.listBuckets();&#xA;   log.info(&quot;bucketList All= &quot; + bucketList);&#xA;//   bucketList = s3client.listBuckets(new ListBucketsRequest());&#xA;//   log.info(&quot;bucketList Owner= &quot; + bucketList);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;catch (AmazonServiceException ase) {&#xA;            log.info(&quot;Caught an AmazonServiceException, which &quot; +&#xA;                    &quot;means your request made it &quot; +&#xA;                    &quot;to Amazon S3, but was rejected with an error response&quot; +&#xA;                    &quot; for some reason.&quot;);&#xA;            log.info(&quot;Error Message:    &quot; + ase.getMessage());&#xA;            log.info(&quot;HTTP Status Code: &quot; + ase.getStatusCode());&#xA;            log.info(&quot;AWS Error Code:   &quot; + ase.getErrorCode());&#xA;            log.info(&quot;Error Type:       &quot; + ase.getErrorType());&#xA;            log.info(&quot;Request ID:       &quot; + ase.getRequestId());&#xA;}&#xA;catch (AmazonClientException ace) {&#xA;            log.info(&quot;Caught an AmazonClientException, which &quot; +&#xA;                    &quot;means the client encountered &quot; +&#xA;                    &quot;an internal error while trying to &quot; +&#xA;                    &quot;communicate with S3, &quot; +&#xA;                    &quot;such as not being able to access the network.&quot;);&#xA;            log.info(&quot;Error Message: &quot; + ace.getMessage());&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;log.info 'Test Step &quot;' + testRunner.runContext.currentStep.name + '&quot; done...';&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21928" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T06:01:18.543" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T06:01:18.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23068" CreationDate="2016-10-14T04:04:15.470" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are saying is correct. &lt;strong&gt;In best practices we should avoid using explicit wait&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;driver.sleep(5000)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try to &lt;strong&gt;use implicit wait&lt;/strong&gt; which will not wait unnecessarily. See below method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public void waitForElement(WebElement value)&#xA; {&#xA;     // wait for field&#xA;     WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 90);&#xA;&#xA;     wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(value));&#xA;     System.out.print(&quot;.&quot;); // Just to verify code is used and working   &#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actual Use&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;waitForElement(obj.your_web_element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T04:04:15.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23075" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23063" CreationDate="2016-10-14T04:55:48.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Michael Agree. Faced same condition before. &lt;strong&gt;As experienced earlier few things might help you at some extend&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;need to convey them the pros &amp;amp; cons&lt;/strong&gt; of the automation testing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You need to give them a &lt;strong&gt;brief about the use of automation&lt;/strong&gt; as well. I mean with lesser knowledge one can expect to much from you. You need to &lt;strong&gt;take initiatives to keep balance&lt;/strong&gt; between actual possible things to automate and expectations&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As per my knowledge, In your case of browser automation &lt;strong&gt;we can ensure that everything is working well 24*7&lt;/strong&gt;. This is a &lt;strong&gt;primary goal&lt;/strong&gt; of browser automation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Communicate clearly if we are not bothering about things should work &lt;strong&gt;ALWAYS&lt;/strong&gt; then &lt;strong&gt;we should think of reduce the dependency &amp;amp; efforts&lt;/strong&gt; on browser automation &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations&lt;/strong&gt;: Its really out of scope [as of now at lease] to automate browser to catch images or content overlapping, veriication of image quality and visibility, crosschecking on different versions of browser in [responsive] website&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T04:55:48.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2736" CreationDate="2016-10-14T05:55:45.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_map&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mind map&lt;/a&gt; to visualize scenarios like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is one one such upgrade scenario Mind map&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PUNAF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PUNAF.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19129" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T05:55:45.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23063" CreationDate="2016-10-14T06:17:10.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I test mostly CMSs ie corporate website. Usually, the defects I find in devices would be related to styles e.g. string does not wraparound, broken responsive. for that I use browserstack and a person visually checking the logs. sometimes functional issues are found i.e. buttons not clickable on small device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other times, i find the 'issues' found are UX related which can only be found manually. e.g. something does not look 'nice', not centred on certain devices and not all&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;perhaps it would be good to discuss and trash out what type of issues concern your boss/biz rep and take it from there. It could just be that they hate styles issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T06:17:10.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23066" CreationDate="2016-10-14T06:37:23.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TDD always means the unit test to drive the development, not the function test or system test. and Selenium is a framework for the GUI test which is mainly applied in the function test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so based on my experience, the Selenium is not a suitable framework for the TDD process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from my opinion, Selenium is useful when the web is a mature web with stable functions. if the web is not mature and needs to be often changed,then it will cause big efforts in the maintenance of Selenium cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21841" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T06:37:23.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23079" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23080" CreationDate="2016-10-14T06:43:50.683" Score="1" ViewCount="2678" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'my trying to apply an if / else statement in Python to know if I have an element or not and if it is the case, click on it. But I don't know why I have a syntax error and I don't see where I have made a mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the part of my code concerned by this issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/button[2]&quot;):&#xA;        driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/button[2]&quot;.click()&#xA;        print &quot;Oh this conversation already exists !&quot;&#xA;    else:&#xA;        print &quot;No conflict!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I launch my script, I have the following syntax error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;  File &quot;group_discussion_script.py&quot;, line 51    print &quot;Oh this&#xA;&amp;gt; conversation already exists !&#xA;&amp;gt;        ^ syntaxError: invalid syntax&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if this line is really tolerated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/button[2]&quot;.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea whats wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T07:25:41.000" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:27:32.407" Title="Syntax error with a if / else statement (Python / Selenium)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23079" CreationDate="2016-10-14T07:03:38.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Fixed, I have simply forgot to close the parenthesis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/button[2]&quot;).click()&#xA;                                                                     HERE^&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:27:32.407" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:27:32.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23081" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-14T08:20:13.783" Score="0" ViewCount="463" Body="&lt;p&gt;When i install ipa on real device having version 10 appium gives the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;nfo: [debug] [INSTSERVER] Instruments exited with code 253&#xA;info: [debug] Killall instruments&#xA;info: [debug] Instruments crashed on startup&#xA;info: [debug] Attempting to retry launching instruments, this is retry #1&#xA;info: [debug] Killall iOS Simulator&#xA;&#xA;// My desired capability, appium version 1.4.3 and mac OS X elcaptain&#xA;DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION_NAME, &quot;Appium&quot;);&#xA;cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, &quot;IOS&quot;);&#xA;cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, &quot;iPhone 5s&quot;);&#xA;cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APPIUM_VERSION, &quot;1.5.3&quot;);&#xA;cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.UDID,&quot;device id of my iPhone&quot;);&#xA;cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, &quot;.ipa location&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my appium log&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2016-10-14 08:14:18:678 - info: Welcome to Appium v1.4.13 (REV c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a)&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:18:682 - info: Appium REST http interface listener started on 127.0.0.1:4723&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:18:686 - info: [debug] Non-default server args: {&quot;app&quot;:&quot;/Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Desktop/Automation/app/LanguagesForIOS/Albanian/albanian.ipa&quot;,&quot;udid&quot;:&quot;2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f&quot;,&quot;address&quot;:&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;,&quot;sessionOverride&quot;:true,&quot;noReset&quot;:true,&quot;launchTimeout&quot;:&quot;90000&quot;,&quot;log&quot;:&quot;/Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Desktop/Automation/workspace/logs/appium1.log&quot;,&quot;nativeInstrumentsLib&quot;:true,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;iPhone 5&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;iOS&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;10.0.2&quot;,&quot;showIOSLog&quot;:true,&quot;defaultCommandTimeout&quot;:7200,&quot;isolateSimDevice&quot;:true,&quot;debugLogSpacing&quot;:true}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:18:687 - info: Console LogLevel: debug&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:18:687 - info: File LogLevel: debug&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:18:837 - info: --&amp;gt; GET /wd/hub/status {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:18:840 - info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:18:848 - info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/status 200 11.477 ms - 105 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:20:566 - info: --&amp;gt; GET /wd/hub/status {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:20:567 - info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:20:571 - info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/status 200 4.478 ms - 105 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:30:144 - info: --&amp;gt; GET /wd/hub/status {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:30:144 - info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:30:146 - info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/status 200 1.796 ms - 105 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:149 - info: --&amp;gt; GET /wd/hub/status {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:149 - info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:151 - info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/status 200 2.263 ms - 105 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:153 - info: --&amp;gt; GET /wd/hub/sessions {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:154 - info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:[]}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:155 - info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/sessions 200 2.016 ms - 23 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:[]}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:174 - info: --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;iOS&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;10.0.2&quot;,&quot;newCommandTimeout&quot;:&quot;999999&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;Appium&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;iPhone 5&quot;}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:176 - info: Client User-Agent string: Appium (unknown version) CFNetwork/760.6.3 Darwin/15.6.0 (x86_64)&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:176 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:176 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:176 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:176 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:177 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:177 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:177 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:178 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:178 - info: ****        NEW SESSION           ***&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:178 - info: ****        NEW SESSION           ***&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:178 - info: ****        NEW SESSION           ***&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:178 - info: ****        NEW SESSION           ***&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:178 - info: ****        NEW SESSION           ***&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:178 - info: ****        NEW SESSION           ***&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:179 - info: ****        NEW SESSION           ***&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:179 - info: ****        NEW SESSION           ***&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:180 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:180 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:180 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:181 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:182 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:182 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:182 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:183 - info: *************************************&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:187 - info: [debug] Using local .ipa from command line: /Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Desktop/Automation/app/LanguagesForIOS/Albanian/albanian.ipa&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:187 - info: [debug] Copying local zip to tmp dir&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:45:991 - info: [debug] /Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Desktop/Automation/app/LanguagesForIOS/Albanian/albanian.ipa copied to /var/folders/v2/s_nhjz013yvdf6djb20d1f640000gp/T/116914-4167-1ewtv5b/appium-app.zip&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:46:008 - info: [debug] Unzipping /var/folders/v2/s_nhjz013yvdf6djb20d1f640000gp/T/116914-4167-1ewtv5b/appium-app.zip&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:46:009 - info: [debug] Testing zip archive: /var/folders/v2/s_nhjz013yvdf6djb20d1f640000gp/T/116914-4167-1ewtv5b/appium-app.zip&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:46:792 - info: [debug] Zip archive tested clean&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:349 - info: [debug] Unzip successful&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:351 - info: [debug] Using locally extracted app: /var/folders/v2/s_nhjz013yvdf6djb20d1f640000gp/T/116914-4167-1ewtv5b/Payload/LD_AsiaTopVol1Pro.app&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:352 - info: [debug] Creating new appium session 63b2367a-579b-44a8-b15e-b02b79564713&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:354 - info: [debug] Removing any remaining instruments sockets&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:356 - info: [debug] Cleaned up instruments socket /tmp/instruments_sock&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:356 - info: [debug] Auto-detecting iOS udid...&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:356 - info: [debug] Not auto-detecting udid, running on sim&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:358 - info: [debug] Could not parse plist file (as binary) at /var/folders/v2/s_nhjz013yvdf6djb20d1f640000gp/T/116914-4167-1ewtv5b/Payload/LD_AsiaTopVol1Pro.app/en.lproj/Localizable.strings&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:359 - info: Will try to parse the plist file as XML&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:359 - info: [debug] Could not parse plist file (as XML) at /var/folders/v2/s_nhjz013yvdf6djb20d1f640000gp/T/116914-4167-1ewtv5b/Payload/LD_AsiaTopVol1Pro.app/en.lproj/Localizable.strings&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:360 - warn: Could not parse app Localizable.strings assuming it doesn't exist&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:360 - info: [debug] Getting bundle ID from app&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:367 - info: [debug] Parsed app Info.plist (as binary)&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:367 - info: [debug] Creating instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:370 - info: [debug] Preparing uiauto bootstrap&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:370 - info: [debug] Dynamic bootstrap dir: /Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Library/Application Support/appium/bootstrap&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:371 - info: [debug] Dynamic env: {&quot;nodePath&quot;:&quot;/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node/bin/node&quot;,&quot;commandProxyClientPath&quot;:&quot;/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/submodules/appium-uiauto/bin/command-proxy-client.js&quot;,&quot;instrumentsSock&quot;:&quot;/tmp/instruments_sock&quot;,&quot;interKeyDelay&quot;:null,&quot;justLoopInfinitely&quot;:false,&quot;autoAcceptAlerts&quot;:false,&quot;autoDismissAlerts&quot;:false,&quot;sendKeyStrategy&quot;:&quot;grouped&quot;}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:380 - info: [debug] Dynamic bootstrap code: // This file is automatically generated. Do not manually modify!&#xA;...&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:380 - info: [debug] Dynamic bootstrap path: /Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Library/Application Support/appium/bootstrap/bootstrap-5923cadea0343e3f.js&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:385 - info: [debug] Reusing dynamic bootstrap: /Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Library/Application Support/appium/bootstrap/bootstrap-5923cadea0343e3f.js&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:388 - info: [debug] Attempting iOS device log capture via libimobiledevice idevicesyslog&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:654 - info: [debug] Creating iDevice object with udid 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:895 - info: [debug] App is not installed. Will try to install the app.&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:48:896 - info: [debug] Installing ipa found at /Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Desktop/Automation/app/LanguagesForIOS/Albanian/albanian.ipa&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:148 - info: [debug] Nothing found on device, going ahead and installing.&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:462 - info: [debug] Starting command proxy.&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:465 - info: [debug] Instruments socket server started at /tmp/instruments_sock&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:466 - info: [debug] Starting instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:515 - info: [debug] Instruments is at: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:516 - info: Launching instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:518 - info: [debug] Attempting to run app on real device with UDID 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:519 - info: [debug] Spawning instruments with command: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/instruments -t /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Instruments.app/Contents/PlugIns/AutomationInstrument.xrplugin/Contents/Resources/Automation.tracetemplate -D /tmp/appium-instruments/instrumentscli0.trace -w 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f com.eduVenture.LdAlbanian -e UIASCRIPT &quot;/Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Library/Application Support/appium/bootstrap/bootstrap-5923cadea0343e3f.js&quot; -e UIARESULTSPATH /tmp/appium-instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:520 - info: [debug] And extra without-delay env: {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:49:520 - info: [debug] And launch timeouts (in ms): {&quot;global&quot;:90000}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:50:578 - info: [debug] [INST STDERR] 2016-10-14 13:44:50.577 instruments[4182:31576] WebKit Threading Violation - initial use of WebKit from a secondary thread.&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:51:767 - info: [debug] [INSTSERVER] Instruments exited with code 253&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:51:768 - info: [debug] Killall instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:51:773 - info: [debug] Instruments crashed on startup&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:51:773 - info: [debug] Attempting to retry launching instruments, this is retry #1&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:51:774 - info: [debug] Killall iOS Simulator&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:56:777 - info: Launching instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:56:779 - info: [debug] Attempting to run app on real device with UDID 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:56:781 - info: [debug] Spawning instruments with command: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/instruments -t /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Instruments.app/Contents/PlugIns/AutomationInstrument.xrplugin/Contents/Resources/Automation.tracetemplate -D /tmp/appium-instruments/instrumentscli0.trace -w 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f com.eduVenture.LdAlbanian -e UIASCRIPT &quot;/Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Library/Application Support/appium/bootstrap/bootstrap-5923cadea0343e3f.js&quot; -e UIARESULTSPATH /tmp/appium-instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:56:781 - info: [debug] And extra without-delay env: {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:56:781 - info: [debug] And launch timeouts (in ms): {&quot;global&quot;:90000}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:57:905 - info: [debug] [INST STDERR] 2016-10-14 13:44:57.904 instruments[4188:31630] WebKit Threading Violation - initial use of WebKit from a secondary thread.&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:58:847 - info: [debug] [INSTSERVER] Instruments exited with code 253&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:58:847 - info: [debug] Killall instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:58:852 - info: [debug] Instruments crashed on startup&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:58:853 - info: [debug] Attempting to retry launching instruments, this is retry #2&#xA;2016-10-14 08:14:58:854 - info: [debug] Killall iOS Simulator&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:03:856 - info: Launching instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:03:858 - info: [debug] Attempting to run app on real device with UDID 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:03:859 - info: [debug] Spawning instruments with command: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/instruments -t /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Instruments.app/Contents/PlugIns/AutomationInstrument.xrplugin/Contents/Resources/Automation.tracetemplate -D /tmp/appium-instruments/instrumentscli0.trace -w 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f com.eduVenture.LdAlbanian -e UIASCRIPT &quot;/Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Library/Application Support/appium/bootstrap/bootstrap-5923cadea0343e3f.js&quot; -e UIARESULTSPATH /tmp/appium-instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:03:859 - info: [debug] And extra without-delay env: {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:03:860 - info: [debug] And launch timeouts (in ms): {&quot;global&quot;:90000}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:05:022 - info: [debug] [INST STDERR] 2016-10-14 13:45:05.021 instruments[4194:31711] WebKit Threading Violation - initial use of WebKit from a secondary thread.&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:05:967 - info: [debug] [INSTSERVER] Instruments exited with code 253&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:05:967 - info: [debug] Killall instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:05:972 - info: [debug] Instruments crashed on startup&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:05:972 - info: [debug] Attempting to retry launching instruments, this is retry #3&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:05:973 - info: [debug] Killall iOS Simulator&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:10:975 - info: Launching instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:10:977 - info: [debug] Attempting to run app on real device with UDID 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:10:977 - info: [debug] Spawning instruments with command: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/instruments -t /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Instruments.app/Contents/PlugIns/AutomationInstrument.xrplugin/Contents/Resources/Automation.tracetemplate -D /tmp/appium-instruments/instrumentscli0.trace -w 2d3e5f58ce14c287297ab008c3a731ad30bf715f com.eduVenture.LdAlbanian -e UIASCRIPT &quot;/Users/hiteshbhardwaj/Library/Application Support/appium/bootstrap/bootstrap-5923cadea0343e3f.js&quot; -e UIARESULTSPATH /tmp/appium-instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:10:978 - info: [debug] And extra without-delay env: {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:10:978 - info: [debug] And launch timeouts (in ms): {&quot;global&quot;:90000}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:12:164 - info: [debug] [INST STDERR] 2016-10-14 13:45:12.163 instruments[4201:31757] WebKit Threading Violation - initial use of WebKit from a secondary thread.&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:047 - info: [debug] [INSTSERVER] Instruments exited with code 253&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:048 - info: [debug] Killall instruments&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:052 - info: [debug] Instruments crashed on startup&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:052 - info: [debug] We exceeded the number of retries allowed for instruments to successfully start; failing launch&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:053 - info: [debug] Stopping iOS log capture&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:054 - info: [debug] Reset not set, not ending sim or cleaning up app state&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:055 - info: [debug] Cleaning up appium session&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:058 - error: Failed to start an Appium session, err was: Error: Instruments crashed on startup&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:067 - info: [debug] Error: Instruments crashed on startup&#xA;    at [object Object].Instruments.onInstrumentsExit (/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/submodules/appium-instruments/lib/instruments.js:440:31)&#xA;    at [object Object].&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/submodules/appium-instruments/lib/instruments.js:353:12)&#xA;    at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:110:17)&#xA;    at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:1074:12)&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:068 - info: [debug] Responding to client with error: {&quot;status&quot;:33,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;message&quot;:&quot;A new session could not be created. (Original error: Instruments crashed on startup)&quot;,&quot;origValue&quot;:&quot;Instruments crashed on startup&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:null}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:13:072 - info: &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session 500 27899.021 ms - 182 &#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:21:723 - info: --&amp;gt; GET /wd/hub/status {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:21:725 - info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:21:728 - info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/status 200 6.104 ms - 105 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:31:440 - info: --&amp;gt; GET /wd/hub/status {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:31:441 - info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:15:31:444 - info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/status 200 3.191 ms - 105 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:16:22:878 - info: --&amp;gt; GET /wd/hub/status {}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:16:22:879 - info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;2016-10-14 08:16:22:880 - info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/status 200 1.894 ms - 105 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.4.13&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:&quot;c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a&quot;}}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16423" LastEditorUserId="16423" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T10:26:50.087" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T04:02:16.633" Title="How can i install ipa on iPhone device having version 10?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23037" CreationDate="2016-10-14T08:21:59.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;it depends on what your purpose is to avoid the redundancy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if your work and other people's work are more convenient and efficient after this improve, then it is a good improve. but if the result is the opposite, then it is not a good improve.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;based on my experience, to avoid the redundancy is just to save the time when you create those cases. but it does not have benefits when executing them. on the contrary, it is inconvenient for testers to execute.because testers need to go back to the referenced case to see the steps,then go back again to the executed case. this is more inconvenient when there are many cases especially with EXCEL tool. even you use the test management tools to do this, it is also inconvenient to switch back and forth when reading those cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and for automated cases,it depends on the framework. but i think it is more complete not to avoid the redundancy. if one case has dependencies on other cases, it is better to comment on the case in case that someone does not know and only wants to execute one test case not test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21841" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T08:21:59.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23081" CreationDate="2016-10-14T08:22:43.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Appium doesn't support iOS 10 yet (as of Oct 14,2016 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/appium-setup/platform-support.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;see here&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;As a temporary fix you can use ideviceinstaller directly to install the app&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know there is no a single bug tracking appium's support for iOS 10 since it is a collection of smaller issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T11:52:09.893" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T11:52:09.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23085" CreationDate="2016-10-14T09:32:47.420" Score="4" ViewCount="37017" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working with selenium webdriver. I tried so many times to execute my script. It's showing an error again and again. What will I do to resolve?&#xA;What is the solution for this? I am using eclipse neon and jdk version 8.&#xA;main method is working fine but @test page is giving me an jni error.. &#xA;Error is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/beust/jcommander/ParameterException&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048)&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018)&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784)&#xA;    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(LauncherHelper.java:544)&#xA;    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:526)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.beust.jcommander.ParameterException&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)&#xA;    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)&#xA;    ... 7 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T11:45:20.387" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T09:00:47.073" Title="&quot;java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError&quot; : A JNI error has occurred" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23084" CreationDate="2016-10-14T09:56:19.093" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Understand - Cause why this occur&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Any of your file is present at the compile time but its not reachable at the execution time&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You need to crosscheck both compile time and run time environment &amp;amp; class paths&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T09:56:19.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23087" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-14T10:46:19.020" Score="3" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just want to ask ideas from you on which is more appropriate to use. I'm currently automating a project using Selenium Webdriver adapting the Page Object Model approach. In the midst of my testing, I realize if it's a good way to separate every steps, or put it in one single workflow? Is it OPTION A or B ?. I provided my pseudo-code below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=== OPTION A (3 steps, each step has a method) ===&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class TestCase{ // the controller&#xA;&#xA;  method login{&#xA;    enterUsername();&#xA;    enterPassword();&#xA;    clickLoginButton();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class LoginPage{ // the view&#xA;&#xA;  method enterUsername(){&#xA;     sendKeys(&quot;user101&quot;)&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  method enterPassword(){&#xA;     sendKeys(&quot;password1234&quot;)&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  method enterPassword(){&#xA;     loginButton.click();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=== OPTION B (3 steps are in one method)===&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class TestCase{ // the controller&#xA;&#xA;  method login{&#xA;     userLogin();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class LoginPage{ // the view&#xA;&#xA;  method userLogin(){&#xA;     sendKeys(&quot;user101&quot;)&#xA;     sendKeys(&quot;password1234&quot;)&#xA;     loginButton.click();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T11:23:00.703" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T17:00:17.430" Title="Page objects - use a separate method for each step or 1 method for all steps?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23087" CreationDate="2016-10-14T10:54:32.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would base this on whether the individual components will be used in other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the methods like enter username are only ever used together with the password methods, then make them be 1 method ('userLogin').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you have other tests such as entering a username, but forgetting to enter the password and submitting the form, i.e. testing the sad path when the user fails to enter a required field.  This test would want the 'enter username method to be on its own so it would make sense to break it out into its own method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T10:54:32.727" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23087" CreationDate="2016-10-14T11:44:05.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would prefer option B for now. Apply the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/Yagni.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt; (You Aren't Gonna Need It) principle. Do you need the functions now? really? ask yourself and only build what you need, not what you expect to need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case I expect most test will just use the login function and not the separate ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like Michael wrote, currently you do not need more than a &lt;code&gt;userLogin()&lt;/code&gt; function. So having one function makes sense. When you get more tests that have a need for separate functions split it up, but keep the original function so you do not need to update all the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Split and refactor your Page Objects when ever you need to make it more complex, but probably you are not going to need it. So don't waste time on it yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T11:44:05.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-14T13:00:25.883" Score="2" ViewCount="722" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I started working on cordova application coded in AngularJS (targeted for Android and iOS). I must do some performance tests of few scenarios to check framerate and execution time of js. It's my first time developing mobile app in Cordova and I can't find any good tool to use. I tried to use chrome dev tools but as they show valuable info, this tools are designed for manual profiling and I need to run multiple iterations of tests to make results more reliable. Scenarios consists of simple cases like: change view and scroll. Do you know any tools that are simple enough to write few scenarious and do some tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21935" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T22:23:21.750" Title="Performance testing of Cordova apps" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-14T14:48:31.300" Score="1" ViewCount="1062" Body="&lt;p&gt;With selenium we enter one field at a time, right now I am working on a project where there are 1000+ fields, actually it takes huge amount of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any possible way in selenium to make this faster?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 1000+ fields are distributed over 12 screens one after another. Basically need to implement multi-threading in selenium to enter data in multiple fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18700" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T05:10:43.087" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T05:10:43.087" Title="How we can enter data into multiple fields at the same time to make automation faster?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23092" CreationDate="2016-10-14T15:56:16.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Android :After compiling the cordova project and get the APK file install it to a device and use Android device Monitor at Android Studio or Eclipse (what ever the ADT you are using)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;after compiling it to android open the android platform folder thru the Android Studio or Eclipse (what ever the ADT you are using) and then use the Android device Monitor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or After installing the APK to mobile use jmeter to test the performance. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.lk/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=2&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi6udL409rPAhXIvY8KHaPQBDQQtwIIIjAB&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DgmLq4tLfOTg&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNELe3qd-ZjCRHWiURyEbLa6gZxCCg&amp;amp;sig2=inW4tAoskjfrofEAUqaCtg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://www.google.lk/url?sa=t&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;esrc=s&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;cd=2&amp;amp;cad=rja&amp;amp;uact=8&amp;amp;ved=0ahUKEwi6udL409rPAhXIvY8KHaPQBDQQtwIIIjAB&amp;amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DgmLq4tLfOTg&amp;amp;usg=AFQjCNELe3qd-ZjCRHWiURyEbLa6gZxCCg&amp;amp;sig2=inW4tAoskjfrofEAUqaCtg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IOS: After compiling open the Xcode project thru Xcode and use instruments to test the performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T15:56:16.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23095" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-14T16:15:27.670" Score="1" ViewCount="640" Body="&lt;p&gt;What if I need to pause the automation script and play it dynamically. &#xA;just like a music player.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18700" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T19:05:01.273" Title="can we do a play and pause kind of thing in web automation with or without selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-10-15T02:49:42.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23095" CreationDate="2016-10-14T16:23:50.097" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In .net use driver.sleep(-what ever the time you want to pause the test-);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After time ends, test will automatically start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T16:23:50.097" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23097" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-14T16:40:20.787" Score="0" ViewCount="133" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test two scenarios when due to some action &lt;strong&gt;unexpected&lt;/strong&gt; 400 and 500 server errors have been thrown and the proper message appeared on the client for each of the errors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I try to edit the request via Fiddler and send it to server, I receive a correct error and everything is good on a server side. But editing and resending request is not affecting a client side, which make it's difficult to verify the full requirement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to simulate 400 and 500 server errors that will affect UI at the same time? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17945" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T05:10:26.333" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T05:10:26.333" Title="Error messages on UI for 4xx and 5xx server errors" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;validation&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23095" CreationDate="2016-10-14T17:13:09.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Running tests from an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IDE&lt;/a&gt; should give you the possibility to use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debugging&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;debugger&lt;/a&gt;. You can set a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakpoint&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;breakpoint&lt;/a&gt; in the IDE. When you run the test in debug mode and hit the point of the breakpoint the test will stop executing the next commands of the code. When the debugger stops executing the code at the breakpoint you should be able to play freely with the browser. In the IDE you can continue the code again when you are done investigating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your analogy the breakpoint is the pause button and the continue button of the IDE is the play button. You can set as many breakpoints as you like. Some IDE's even support pausing the playback of the code at any point in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each programming language and IDE should support the debugging process. How to set it up for your tools is another question. I suggest you ask help from your development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind Selenium-server has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium-google-code-issue-archive/issues/3224&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;session time-out of 30 minutes&lt;/a&gt;, so you must continue playback within 30 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-14T17:40:43.790" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T17:40:43.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23093" CreationDate="2016-10-14T17:45:25.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Users also have to input it one field at a time, I think you have a usability issue here! Who in his sane mind is going to populate thousands of fields by hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you could try is to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/a&gt; and fill the fields with jQuery or plain JavaScript in the browser. If you know the element names upfront you do not have to look them up with Selenium (Xpath or CSS locators) which is pretty slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also there is a Async variant, you should be able to fire lots of JavaScript commands to fill the input fields at the same time and wait until they are all done before you continue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T17:45:25.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23093" CreationDate="2016-10-14T18:04:33.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the way I'd look at this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A data entry setup with over 1000 fields spread over what sounds like a 12 screen wizard is not a valid candidate for multi-threading. Each thread is still going to have to enter all 1000 fields for a valid end-to-end test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You do not want to do this more than you absolutely must.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest you work it this way: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each screen, find element names or IDs so you can fill directly (excellent suggestion from Niels)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each screen, determine how much information is passed to and from that screen. You're going to mock this so you can test a screen at a time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a headless browser such as PhantomJS for the functional testing. The same test actions performed with PhantomJS are much faster because the test system has no need to render anything, and in something this unwieldy, rendering is going to be a significant time factor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data drive and use the page object pattern.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not use any variation of sending keys. This is slow. Setting the field value via Javascript as Niels suggests is much faster, although you can run into issues where Javascript validation isn't triggered because setting the field value won't trigger an &lt;code&gt;onblur()&lt;/code&gt; type event (if the onscreen validation is using &lt;code&gt;onchange()&lt;/code&gt; you should be okay)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of these suggestions change your core problem: an application requiring this much data entry is probably a bad application. If a developer handed something like this to me, I'd be asking them for ways to cut down the amount of data entry and ways to optimize record creation that did not require so many fields to be used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd be stunned if your users &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; need to fill in all 1000+ fields. More likely there are groups of fields that should be considered duplicates, a relatively small set that is actually required for a record, and a lot of fields that should be calculated or inferred from other data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T18:04:33.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23095" CreationDate="2016-10-14T19:05:01.273" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You did not specify an operating system.  On Linux, you can suspend any running process like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;kill -SIGTSTP PID&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where PID is the ID of the process.  To resume the process, do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;kill -SIGCONT PID&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do a similar thing on Mac OS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;kill -STOP PID&#xA;kill -CONT PID&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know about Windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-10-14T19:05:01.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23102" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-15T03:55:15.100" Score="2" ViewCount="7186" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to write a script to test an option of a website, this option enables users to edit their own message and so it's represented by a pencil icon which has the xpath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;//*@id='content']/div[2]/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[26]/div[3]/div[1]/span[1]/button[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that icon appears only if users hover their own message with their mouse. So for Selenium it's not a visible element and I have an Exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have another exception now, and I think it's linked to the &lt;code&gt;hov.perform()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;private_discussion_script.py&quot;, line 50, in test_script_shift&#xA;hov = ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(element).perform()&#xA;File &quot;C:\PYTHON27\lib\site-packages\selenium-3.0.0b3-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\common\action_chains.py&quot;, line 74, in perform&#xA;action()&#xA;File &quot;C:\PYTHON27\lib\site-packages\selenium-3.0.0b3-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\common\action_chains.py&quot;, line 225, in &amp;lt;lambda&amp;gt;&#xA;Command.MOVE_TO, {'element': to_element.id}))&#xA;File &quot;C:\PYTHON27\lib\site-packages\selenium-3.0.0b3-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;, line 236, in execute&#xA;self.error_handler.check_response(response)&#xA;File &quot;C:\PYTHON27\lib\site-packages\selenium-3.0.0b3-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py&quot;, line 192, in check_response&#xA;raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;WebDriverException: Message: POST /session/80574c31-b05c-4bb7-8cb2-053ebe4eeae5/moveto did not match a known command`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T19:27:59.083" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T19:27:59.083" Title="Find an element in Python with Selenium which appears by hovering it" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23102" CreationDate="2016-10-15T04:06:11.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to perform a mouseover action onto this element to make it visible first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;def hover(self):&#xA;    browser = webdriver_connection.connection&#xA;    element = browser.find_element_by_xpath(your xpath)&#xA;    hov = ActionChains(browser).move_to_element(element)&#xA;    hov.perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-15T04:12:17.013" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T04:12:17.013" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23104" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22794" CreationDate="2016-10-15T10:31:43.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In JMeter Thread Group you can use Ram Up Period (In Seconds) field to calculate how many request you want to send to server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please follow below calculation to understand the concept:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Number of threads(users) = 10&#xA;Ramp up period(in seconds) = 100&#xA;Loop Count = 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Formula is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(Ramp-up Period/Number of threads)*Loopcount&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per above formula&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(100/10) = 10&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So every 10 seconds one request will hit the server with one thread user,&#xA;eventually threads are up and running ,each 10 seconds one request is hit by the thread users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Total number of hits by users is :10 hits to server because 10 users will hit 1 request for every 10 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please read here it has given details with examples to prepare your test plan very clearly: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikishown.com/ramp-period-in-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wikishown.com/ramp-period-in-jmeter/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21668" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T01:30:22.770" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T01:30:22.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23097" CreationDate="2016-10-15T21:47:29.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use a freeware tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.toptal.com/nodejs/let-loopback-do-it-a-walkthrough-of-the-node-api-framework-you-ve-been-dreaming-of&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;loopback&lt;/a&gt; to test client-side JavaScript. The error needs to be generated on the server-side so create a toy localhost server to send canned responses back to the browser.  Learning loopback shouldn't be that hard; something for a Saturday afternoon. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T21:47:29.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22501" CreationDate="2016-10-15T22:31:20.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;There are two broad phases: Writing the tests &amp;amp; Scheduling the tests&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Writing the tests&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means writing the actual test code in the language that you select so that you can run them.  The tests also get shared with other developers who can run the tests locally while they are making changes to ensure they don't break anything.  The tests can also be used against a staging server set up specifically for that purpose.  High level tests ('smoke tests') can also be run against production if appropriate for the organization.  Be sure to use a Page Object approach for readable tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Scheduling the tests&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as you have tests written you'll want to consider how to bake these into your software development process which usually means considering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A version control system such as git&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A server to store and share code, e.g. github&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A Continuous Integration system such as Jenkins / CircleCI with remote servers to run the code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A deployment process for managing change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-15T22:43:09.593" LastActivityDate="2016-10-15T22:43:09.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23108" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23110" CreationDate="2016-10-16T01:31:17.397" Score="2" ViewCount="21948" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a board where days of the week are the column and people's name are the rows, So I can use two parameters to find the cell of an employee for a certain day:   &lt;code&gt;data-user-id='30646&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;data-shift-date='2016-10-15'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried to do that in Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath( &quot;//div[@data-user-id='30646']&quot; and &quot;//div[@data-shift-date='2016-10-15']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But If I do that, it only respects the last condition and so it will select the first cell on the 15th October 2016.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any ideas to find an element by using two class's attributes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the HTML part for the cell I want to click on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;table-cell show-plus no-events&quot; ng-class=&quot;{'show-plus': ctrl.shouldShowPlus(user, group, day), 'no-events': !_events.length, 'is-today': day === ctrl.todayString}&quot; ng-repeat=&quot;day in ctrl.currentDays&quot; ng-click=&quot;ctrl.addShift(user, day, false, group.grouping, group.isExchange, group.key)&quot; lvl-drop-target=&quot;true&quot; on-drop=&quot;ctrl.dropped(dragEl, dropEl, event, 'week')&quot; data-user-id=&quot;30646&quot; data-is-exchange=&quot;false&quot; data-shift-date=&quot;2016-10-15&quot; id=&quot;a9125bcc-ab64-e112-a5d1-ff33ade19968&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!----&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't use &lt;code&gt;id=&quot;a9125bcc-ab64-e112-a5d1-ff33ade19968&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, it is dynamic and changes all the time when I load my browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:07:48.673" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:07:48.673" Title="Find an element with two class's attributes on Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23108" CreationDate="2016-10-16T03:26:44.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, if I understand you right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use this xpath expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath( &quot;//div[@data-user-id='30646'][@data-shift-date='2016-10-15']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question was asked the wrong way, you do &quot;NOT&quot; find an element by with two classes, you find it by using two class's attributes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can combine any number of class attributes in order to uniquely locate an element, the generic expression is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//elementType[@firstAttributeTypte = 'firstAttributeValue'][@secondAttributeType='secondAttributeValue'][@thirdAttributeType='thirdAttributeValue']....&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T03:26:44.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18098" CreationDate="2016-10-16T04:11:57.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First: Make your user to be your tester. I.e. release the product with an agent that does the testing.  Then, even if users click faster than testers, you will not miss on the analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second: Make the analysis from the agent to notify your console in real time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third: When the agent performs the analysis in real time and completely automatically, you never have to worry about a programmer being able to analyze the issue correctly.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Forth, If the analysis is captured alone with the dynamic information of the system, you will never have to worry about being able to reproduce the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fifth: 100 agents are less expensive and more reliable that 100 human testers. &#xA;So if your console receives aggregated results from 100 (or more) agents, your Time-To-Market component affected by your testing just got 100 (or more) times shorter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And Six: Your testers still win.  If the analysis by the agent is explained on the level of source code, your &quot;Black Box Testers&quot; become &quot;White Box Testers&quot; overnight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ps: This is not just an opinion, but a personal experience afforded by the tools built by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thinkingsoftware.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TinkingSoftware.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I would not be able to provide such detail answer if I was not involved in building and using this tool, namely &quot;Race Catcher&quot;, and this technology &quot;ARM-CM&quot; standing for Application Reliability Monitoring via Collaborating Machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2445" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T04:11:57.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-16T12:25:45.823" Score="2" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this could be opinion based question but still as per current trend in Software Industry which tool is most suitable if it is an e-Commerce based project (website). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In this project there will be:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functionality testing, Unit Testing, Regression &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebServices testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All above would taken care by an automation team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tool's feature:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should be open-source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quick framework setup e.g. most of the things are part of OOTB feature. E.g. setup(), teardown(), assertions etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can be integrated with test management tool like TestNg, Mocha, Grunt etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can be integrated with Jenkins, SauceLabs etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone who has solved such requirement from client. If not please put some tool's name forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-16T16:35:23.793" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T01:05:48.917" Title="One automation tool for Functional, UI, Database and WebServices" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23113" CreationDate="2016-10-16T19:42:36.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are separate tools for each of the pieces you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only open-source tool I know that has them combined  is TestLink&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A frequent commercial solution is HP Quality Center&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-10-16T19:42:36.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23115" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23218" CreationDate="2016-10-17T02:29:52.040" Score="2" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;code&gt;Check My Links&lt;/code&gt; to verify if a webpage has any deadlink, but interestingly, for the same given page, Check My Links returns a few different test results. One result is &lt;strong&gt;183&lt;/strong&gt; while another one is &lt;strong&gt;221&lt;/strong&gt;. The only difference is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For test result returned as 221, a tab was expanded while for 183, there was no expanded tab.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone knows why this happens?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI: Check My Links is a free Google Chrome Extension tool that crawls a webpage and looks for dead links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XPe26.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XPe26.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ax1Zs.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ax1Zs.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T16:01:18.270" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T16:01:36.827" Title="Google extension Check My Links returns different test results for the same webpage" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;web-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23116" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-17T03:34:19.293" Score="2" ViewCount="480" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should I include negative test scenarios in my test automation? As of now, I'm just using positive tests for my test automation. Any ideas from you are pretty much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance. Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T11:30:41.200" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T11:58:42.337" Title="Should I design negative tests for my Test Automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;negative-test&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23116" CreationDate="2016-10-17T03:37:34.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your time frame, If you have enough time to cover negative path scenarios it really helps to test all the validation error messages, alert boxes , information messages ....etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T03:37:34.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23116" CreationDate="2016-10-17T03:55:17.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What does your product manager say?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your product owner (aka stake holder) will be interested in listening to your reason for having positive tests and negative tests or not. You may need to present the pros and cons to your product owner to help him / her make this decision. Some of aspects you may need to take into account include but not limited to: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;what values does negative tests bring?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;how much extra effort / time do you require in order to implement +ve and -ve tests?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;what are the consequenses of not having -ve tests?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To which extend, you will implement negative tests? The number of negative tests is infinite, so you will have to limit the number of -ve tests and you need to show why you have chosen some -ve tests and not others.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please remember a tester is an integral part of a multi-discipline, cross-fucntional team. Your decision should never be made alone, please coordinate with the rest of your team before making a decision that may impact others and mostly importantly, the overall progress of a project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T03:55:17.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23116" CreationDate="2016-10-17T06:46:39.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with all other answers. I suggest to pitch &lt;strong&gt;to include negative scenarios&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When one is taking decision to implement automation for any application, &lt;strong&gt;it's rare that it would have less time frame&lt;/strong&gt; which will restrict you from implementing negative tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using automation we have some &lt;strong&gt;boundaries already limited to identify bug/defect&lt;/strong&gt;[As a result can not automate 100% all manual test cases], So if we exclude negative scenarios also then we &lt;strong&gt;might not be able to use max power of automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes, surely you need to communicate this to senior team members and stakeholders for clarity if you &lt;strong&gt;focused &amp;amp; concerned on ROI&lt;/strong&gt;[return on investment]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T06:58:56.203" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T06:58:56.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23108" CreationDate="2016-10-17T07:52:53.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to @Yu Zhang's solution, you may also use the 'and' operator in the xpath. &#xA;So your statement would look like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath( &quot;//div[@data-user-id='30646' and @data-shift-date='2016-10-15']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, you may also use OR operator in cases where you would like to identify elements if one of the attribute matches. Eg:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath( &quot;//div[@data-user-id='30646' or @data-shift-date='2016-10-15']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T07:52:53.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-17T09:06:53.523" Score="2" ViewCount="1516" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Selenium automation framework, I use &lt;code&gt;JavaScriptLibrary&lt;/code&gt; for clicking some elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import com.thoughtworks.selenium.webdriven.JavascriptLibrary;&#xA;&#xA;public class Utils{&#xA;&#xA; public static void click(WebDriver driver, WebElement element){&#xA;        JavascriptLibrary jsLib=new JavascriptLibrary();&#xA;        jsLib.callEmbeddedSelenium(driver, &quot;triggerMouseEventAt&quot;, element, &quot;click&quot;,&quot;0,0&quot;);&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code was working fine when I was using &lt;code&gt;Selenium v2.53&lt;/code&gt;. I recently upgraded Selenium client to &lt;code&gt;v3.0&lt;/code&gt;. Since then eclipse showing the error,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The import com.thoughtworks cannot be resolved&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptLibrary cannot be resolved to a type&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is javascript library not supported by v3.0?. Has it moved to another package ? or am missing some jar files?. &#xA;Any workaround for this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T16:57:34.040" Title="Cannot use JavaScriptLibrary with Selenium v3.0" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12373" CreationDate="2016-10-17T09:34:49.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;App package name can be found in the application manager of the mobile device. find the app in the app manager and get the package name in the information.&#xA;Activity name can be found in many ways &#xA;You can always try the dalvik log/ android monitor logs/ ddms log. Just randomly tap on a button of the application the log will show you some corresponding activity for that app. There you can find the activity name in the Application tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9179" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T09:34:49.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23125" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-17T09:54:59.840" Score="4" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine we have framework (any tool or language, BDD, Non-BDD) that both QA and Dev teams are using. Dev team would be writing and executing Unit Test cases and QA Team will be writing functional, Regression, Smoke Tests and executing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions is now how different their test cases would be? E.g. There is one functionality &quot;User is able to change profile picture&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be Dev's automated unit tests and what would be QA's automated  functional tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why I am asking because we want no team should spend different time/effort on same thing. Even if QA team is writing both Unit and Functional tests they know the difference and assign Dev team to execute them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T11:12:33.833" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T11:30:47.097" Title="Automated Unit Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23123" CreationDate="2016-10-17T10:27:30.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the &lt;code&gt;com.thoughtworks.selenium.webdriven&lt;/code&gt; package is part of the initial Selenium RC version. This has been removed from the Selenium 3.0 version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find good reference, but &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/2013/08/28/the-road-to-selenium-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the road to selenium 3.0 blog post&lt;/a&gt; has a comment with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For now you can simulate the effect by disallowing classes in the&#xA;  com.thoughtworks.selenium package.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leads me to think that you none of the com.thoughtworks.selenium packages will be available after the release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you should either downgrade or use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/a&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T10:27:30.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23127" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-17T10:30:33.043" Score="-1" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a testcase.java which houses all the @Test methods (login, signup and forget password). Since I'm using Selenium ExtentReports, I put &lt;em&gt;LogStatus.PASS&lt;/em&gt; after every single statement has been executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;enterUsername();&#xA;logStatus.PASS(&quot;User name entered&quot;)&#xA;enterPassword();&#xA;logStatus.PASS(&quot;Password entered&quot;)&#xA;clickLoginButton();&#xA;logStatus.PASS(&quot;Login button clicked&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The scenario above is for login functionality only. I still have the SignUp and Forget Password methods. As I have observed, the code seems messy because there were lots of log statuses. Can you suggest any technique? Or, is there a way to separate the log status in a separate class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="21476" LastEditDate="2016-10-17T12:26:13.230" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T14:20:25.953" Title="Selenium Webdriver ExtentReports: Putting logStatus after every statement" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23125" CreationDate="2016-10-17T11:30:47.097" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;User is able to change profile picture.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dev's automated unit test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As its name suggests, unit test is normally a functional test of a single function, e.g. test against a unit to a bigger picture. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User is able to change profile picture may consist of a number of functions (units), for examples: a function that receives a mouse click from a user and passes on this clicking action to a function that scans a folder for all available user pictures. Both of aforementioned functions will be tested independent of each other. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In general, a unit test is a type of white box testing, devs know their own functions inside out; they cheat-testing their functions on the most basic level, using raw data (for example, a flag variable to represent a mouse click) as test inputs and test results of unit tests are normally raw data too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA's automated functional test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The subject under test for QA is normally not a function, testings carried out by QA are normally black box testing in nature, e.g. QA do not have knowledge on function level and they have no access to source code, they QA test is a product of some kind.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA pretend to be end-users, they develop automated tests to mimic real life scenarios. They can use Selenium to mimic a mouse click on a real button to initiate a change in profile picture. QA testing is of a higher level than unit testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no absolute black-white boundary between dev's automated tests and QA's automated tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is nothing stops dev's from developing end-user and black-box automated tests, in industry, occasionally, devs do do this; I have met QA performing unit tests as well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The reason why devs focus on unit testing and QA focus on end-user scenario testing is that it is usually natural, convenient, efficient and comfortable for them to follow such a workflow; devs know their codes the best, they can apply unit tests faster and better while QA take care of the assembled product. Of course, if in a certain contextual environment, when we will be better off to have devs do end-user testing and QAs do unit testing, I am sure people will adapt it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T11:30:47.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23093" CreationDate="2016-10-17T13:53:44.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not going to cover the problems with the application as this seems to have already been covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sort of testing is not really what Selenium is designed to do. Selenium is primarily designed to test the Javascript on a website and to give a 'once over' on the end to end testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your scenario, I would recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extensive unit testing for Boundary Analysis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit testing is the biggest piece of the Test Pyramid for a reason. These will execute very quickly and allow you to determine if the parameters are valid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will be testing with your database and other integrations hooked up. Verify that all these fields make it into your database through unit testing. You can also do some Sql Injection at this point if you'd like. But the main key with this is to make sure the integrations are working and that valid data is being populated correctly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Smoke Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is where Selenium comes in. Some basic, simple tests to verify that the UI works properly. Nothing fancy here, just validating the Javascript.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Load Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With such large amounts of data you're going to want to load test this. JMeter is a good option. Plus while setting up your load testing scripts you can possibly set up some raw HTTP scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Raw HTTP&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For  the majority of your 'end to end' test you're going to want to do raw HTTP request and responses. This is going to be your overall best option. I'd recommend doing this within you're favorite programming language in order to be able to do other piece like DB validation and such easily. By using raw HTTP you will get by far the best overall performance for each test run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T13:53:44.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23127" CreationDate="2016-10-17T14:20:25.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use such approach. Most webdriver methods have a custom wrapper which logs what happened, and pageobject use those wrappers instead of using webdriver methods directly (unless I want to avoid logging). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not rocket science, just competent programming. Allows my code to work on a layer higher than bare webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T14:20:25.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23123" CreationDate="2016-10-17T21:20:23.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This library emulates &lt;em&gt;Selenium v1&lt;/em&gt; by injecting a script directly into the page. This version has been deprecated for a long time now and you shouldn't have to use it. &lt;em&gt;Selenium v3&lt;/em&gt; is as much capable and does a better job at simulating a real user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take this Selenium v3 code which clicks an element at a location :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Actions(driver)&#xA;  .moveToElement(element, 1, 1)&#xA;  .click()&#xA;  .perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scroll the element into the view if it's not already.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the element is displayed and interractable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Emit the mouseover, mousemove, mousedown, mouseup, click events&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand &lt;code&gt;triggerMouseEventAt&lt;/code&gt; will only emit the click event, even if the element is not rendered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the idea is to use it as a workaround for something you didn't managed to do with Selenium 2/3, well you'll probably end-up with a test that doesn't really simulate a real user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So using this library kind of defeat the purpose of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you are still willing to use it, one way would be to inject the function with &lt;code&gt;executeScript&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void click(WebDriver driver, WebElement element){&#xA;    String script = &quot;browserbot.triggerMouseEventAt(arguments[0], 'click', '0,0')&quot;;&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(JS_INJECTABLE + script, element);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// The code for JS_INJECTABLE :&#xA;// https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/com/thoughtworks/selenium/webdriven/injectableSelenium.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2016-10-17T21:20:23.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23113" CreationDate="2016-10-18T04:08:39.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI Testing: &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/WebDriverTutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; - using real browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Sampler&lt;/a&gt; - on HTTP(S) protocol level &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database Testing - &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-db-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Building a Database Test Plan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Services Testing - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing SOAP/REST Web Services Using JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is free and open source&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#setUp_Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;setUp Thread Group&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#tearDown_Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tearDown Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/test_plan.html#assertions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Assertions&lt;/a&gt; out of the box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;None of these are test management tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Being a pure Java application JMeter can be integrated where Java can be integrated, i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/continuous-integration-101-how-run-jmeter-jenkins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;there are several ways for launching it in Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; and even the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Performance+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;performance plugin&lt;/a&gt; to visualize the results &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter is designed for load testing so you will be able to turn your functional tests into load tests in few seconds. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T04:08:39.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23166" CreationDate="2016-10-18T05:59:02.267" Score="1" ViewCount="1117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test the performance of a mobile application.&#xA;I have used Jmeter tool to test it's services and APIs, but we want to test it's performance in device as well. is there any tool using which we can test the performance of a mobile application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A single open source tool which can help with both applications i.e. android and IOS is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is any another way, with which we can test the performance of a application is also welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="15909" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T07:04:38.667" LastActivityDate="2020-09-15T19:48:49.513" Title="How can we test performance of a mobile application(both android and IOS)" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14137" CreationDate="2016-10-18T06:04:57.050" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the question should be: Java WebDriver + TestNG Vs Robot. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked on both Java + TestNG and RobotFramework. Here is my analysis by points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Ease of use&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TestNG: You need to know Java &amp;amp; ANT/Maven, loggers and more libraries (depending on your need).  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Robot: Basic programming language is enough in any language. You can train your manual testing team.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winner: Robot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Code writing&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TestNG: Basically, it is Java. Takes a bit more time compared to Robot. You need to write some extra lines which have nothing to do with your business. i.e. the definition of classes, scoping etc. However, people expert in writing code may argue here.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Robot: Write only as much as you need for your automation. (Standard login page code will not be more than 6 lines)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winner: Robot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Parallel Execution&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TestNG: Possible. You can do that with Selenium Grid or on Standalone machine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Robot: Possible (using pabot). You can use selenium grid too.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winner: Tie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Logging and Failure Analysis&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TestNG: If you are used to Java then it is easy. However, you don't get the logs as good/cool as Robot. I guess screenshot is not captured by default unless you implement some logic. you need to use Log4j for detailed logging. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Robot: Neat and clean logs and reports. Comes with a screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winner: Robot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Flexibility&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TestNG: This is Java. The Sky is the limit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Robot: There are many things you can't do. if-else (only if block). No nested loops. And many things if you need complex coding. For many things, you can write a custom keyword in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winner: TestNG (Java)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Framework Design&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TestNG: You have to design the framework. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Robot: It's a readily available framework&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winner: Robot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Resource Availablity&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;TestNG/Java: It is so easy to find a person who knows Java/TestNG. If you don't know Java, there are plenty of developer in dev team who can help the manual tester to begin. However, quality of code will vary depending on who is writing code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;RobotFramework: It is hard to find someone who has worked on RF. Though, the learning curve is very short compared to Java. All one need to know any programming knowledge. Basic knowledge of Python is needed if someone wants to write a customized library. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Winner: Java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most of the cases, I feel Robot will do whatever you want to do. It's supportive libraries are increasing with time. You can do Web, API, Mobile, SSH, DB and many types of automation easily without knowing much in details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12744" LastEditorUserId="12744" LastEditDate="2019-01-30T04:02:57.473" LastActivityDate="2019-01-30T04:02:57.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6196" CreationDate="2016-10-18T06:10:17.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this code for Selenium Webdriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;long start = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;&#xA;long end = System.currentTimeMillis();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;System.out.println(&quot;Execution time was &quot;+(end-start)+&quot; ms.&quot;);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21985" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T06:10:17.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6196" CreationDate="2016-10-18T06:42:06.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tools HPE Loadrunner/Performancecenter with the TruClient protocol (&lt;a href=&quot;https://community.hpe.com/t5/LoadRunner-and-Performance/TruClient-in-the-world-of-Load-Testing/ba-p/5927581#.WAXHjFLwaM8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;more info&lt;/a&gt;) and MicroFocus Silk Performer with the Browser Driven protocol (&lt;a href=&quot;http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.microfocus.silkperformer.doc%2FSILKPERF-DA89B0AB-BDWLT-OVERVIEW-CON.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;more info&lt;/a&gt;) do offer measuring client side. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastEditorUserId="20899" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T06:57:10.117" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T06:57:10.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23116" CreationDate="2016-10-18T11:36:51.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Negative scenarios &lt;strong&gt;&quot;expected errors&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; should be commonly checked as well as positive scenarios. The expected error handling is a part of software and an important part of user guidance in software usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. user could enter wrong password or login that could not be saved, but the user should be normally notified by the system what he has done wrong. And keep in mind that boundaries of negative cases are usually much bigger than positive ones, so you should work with values close to boundaries on negative sides or even use randomization in some cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation of negative cases are highly expected when:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;high priority of negative cases&lt;/strong&gt; (loosing data, breaking business process) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative scenarios are &lt;strong&gt;done manually as often as automation tests&lt;/strong&gt; are run (or should be done but there is not enough of time)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;their implementation will &lt;strong&gt;save time for testing team&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here some cases when you should not automate negative cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;positive cases are not covered yet (if the software can not perform expected functions, it far too early to check negative cases). Still there is an exception when &quot;this alert is highly critical!&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;software for internal usage by users who are instructed about software limitations (they normally know what they should not do)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;negative scenarios are newly designed (changes are highly expected)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T11:58:42.337" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T11:58:42.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23148" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-18T12:17:27.363" Score="1" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a group of modules in Ranorex Studio and it's now in the root folder of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it's related to some user code modules that are in a subfolder, I want to move the module group to that subfolder as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, Ranorex Studio does not let me move it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ewy0E.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ewy0E.png&quot; alt=&quot;Move Module Group&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I move the module group into a subfolder?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T11:31:17.083" Title="How do I move a module group into a folder?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14800" CreationDate="2016-10-18T13:14:03.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tools HPE Loadrunner/Performancecenter with the TruClient protocol (&lt;a href=&quot;https://community.hpe.com/t5/LoadRunner-and-Performance/TruClient-in-the-world-of-Load-Testing/ba-p/5927581#.WAXHjFLwaM8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;more info&lt;/a&gt;) and MicroFocus Silk Performer with the Browser Driven protocol (&lt;a href=&quot;http://documentation.microfocus.com/help/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.microfocus.silkperformer.doc%2FSILKPERF-DA89B0AB-BDWLT-OVERVIEW-CON.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;more info&lt;/a&gt;) do offer measuring client side. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T13:14:03.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23151" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-18T14:39:05.770" Score="1" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recorded many items with Ranorex and didn't pay attention to put them into separate repositories. So now, all items are in the same repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a preparation step, I have created some folders (&lt;em&gt;Simple folder&lt;/em&gt;) on top level and placed the items into those folders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd now like to move each of these folders into a separate repository. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can cut the folder in one repository and paste it in another, but doing so breaks the compilation. I wonder if there's a &quot;refactoring&quot; which can be applied and everything is kept working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T14:39:05.770" Title="How can I extract a simple folder out of a repository?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5577" CreationDate="2016-10-18T14:42:41.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can create a text file with with all the links you want to browse (one link per line). Load the file in JMeter bin Directory (links.txt)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your JMeter Script you do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Add an HTTP Request Sampler&#xA;in the path you use /XYZ/&lt;strong&gt;${_StringFromFile(links.txt)}&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21994" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T14:42:41.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23153" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-18T15:55:07.770" Score="0" ViewCount="4700" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been trying to find the correct xpath for a element. I couldn't get the element in correct manner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Observation -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I observed, It may be due to the element is located inside or under the frame component. Can anyone help me to interact with the element which is located under frame?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question - How to interact on element inside frame?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below I'm sharing html code, for better understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;login-block last&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;form name=&quot;frm&quot; action=&quot;authenticatorProcess.cgi&quot; method=&quot;post&quot; onsubmit=&quot;return validate_form(this)&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;form name=&quot;frm&quot; action=&quot;authenticatorProcess.cgi&quot; method=&quot;post&quot; onsubmit=&quot;return validate_form(this)&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table width=&quot;290&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td align=&quot;left&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;input id=&quot;rutClient&quot; name=&quot;rutClient&quot; size=&quot;15&quot; onchange=&quot;Rut(document.frm.rutClient.value)&quot; onblur=&quot;Rut(document.frm.rutClient.value)&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;login-block last&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form name=&quot;frm&quot; action=&quot;authenticatorProcess.cgi&quot; method=&quot;post&quot; onsubmit=&quot;return validate_form(this)&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table width=&quot;290&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td align=&quot;left&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input id=&quot;rutClient&quot; name=&quot;rutClient&quot; size=&quot;15&quot; onchange=&quot;Rut(document.frm.rutClient.value)&quot; onblur=&quot;Rut(document.frm.rutClient.value)&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;by.xpath(//form[@name='frm']//input[@type='text'])//*[@id='rutClient']&#xA;//html/body/div[1]/form/table/tbody/tr[7]/td/input/by.id(&quot;rutClient&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21998" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T05:08:48.677" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T05:08:48.677" Title="Java + Selenium + Frame :How to interact on element inside frame?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;form&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-10-19T13:26:06.370" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23087" CreationDate="2016-10-18T17:00:17.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general, I like Option A because I find it provides a great deal more reusability - it's easier to reuse parts of your page objects when they're presented in smaller chunks.  It may not matter for your login PO much, but if you carry the pattern over to your other pages and tests you may find it useful.  This also helps avoid creating several methods that do very similar things, but vary slightly (login(), loginWithoutPassword(), etc).  The biggest downside I've found is that it makes your tests a little longer and possibly a bit more difficult to read.  For me, I found the trade-offs were worthwhile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15070" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T17:00:17.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23156" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-18T17:14:47.813" Score="1" ViewCount="600" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one requirement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I need to execute a command in command prompt that should trigger “Start” button of “HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder”. Even if I don't press “Start” button, the HTTP response should get recorded in non GUI mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did trail and errors for several hours but that didn't workout for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone please help me out in solving this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21999" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T18:37:05.450" LastActivityDate="2021-04-26T02:01:25.133" Title="Record script using JMeter proxy from command line" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20537" CreationDate="2016-10-18T20:15:58.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say an expensive tool is not an alternative, have you thought about testing both things separately?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the test the JavaFX application, you can use frameworks such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/TestFX/TestFX&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TestFX&lt;/a&gt;. For the &lt;code&gt;WebView&lt;/code&gt;, you could come up with a browser that uses the same engine as your JavaFX application—&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/embedded-browser-tutorial/overview.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;which is WebKit&lt;/a&gt;—and test it there. You can determine the WebKit version programmatically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebView().getEngine().getUserAgent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output will be a string similar to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/538.19 (KHTML, like Gecko) JavaFX/8.0 Safari/538.19&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/deploy/self-contained-packaging.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;deploy your own runtime&lt;/a&gt;, it should be sufficient to use the corresponding WebKit version for testing. If not, you probably have to figure out what JRE versions (and, therefore, WebKit versions) your customers are using in order to set up an appropriate test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may not be super satisfying, but still better than no automated tests at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T20:22:49.797" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T20:22:49.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23097" CreationDate="2016-10-18T20:35:24.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found another solution by using &lt;a href=&quot;https://portswigger.net/burp/proxy.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Burp proxy&lt;/a&gt; tool that helped me to bypass JS validation on a client, intercept the request that has been sent to the server, alter it and forward back to server. &#xA;That way I was able to test exactly what I needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17945" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T20:35:24.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23159" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23160" CreationDate="2016-10-18T21:01:42.103" Score="2" ViewCount="696" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our company, we use XML as a core part of the integration. We had a few occasions where our customer raised the concern that our XML's are not validated as per the schema. I have asked the QA team to include XML schema validation as part of their testing. They resisted taking new responsibility saying that only developers need to do the schema validation as XSD files are code and therefore it is not part of their QA testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My argument would be if developer misses the XML schema validation then QA will catch it before it goes on Live. Similar to UI form data validation XML is data that needs to be validated against its schema, and therefore both developers and testers need to take the responsibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, can you confirm what would be the norm as per industry standards, who should validate XML code against the schema?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22002" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:07:29.897" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:07:29.897" Title="Should QA be responsible for XML schema validation testing?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;validation&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-10-19T05:16:50.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23159" CreationDate="2016-10-18T21:21:45.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is no one standard industry &quot;norm&quot; people have to adhere to.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincidentally, I recently had a XML validation experience myself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a tester, I was working in an Agile team for 8 weeks. The project we were working on required cooperation from two external development teams, both of which located in a different city.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A XML file was what we used to pass down configuration from one system to another.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When this XML file was given to us, it had a number of flaws, such as invalid syntax, wrongly named variable, variable assigned with wrong values and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Due to this XML file, our system was not working. And it was not clear whose responsibility it was to test it or fix it, various people ignored requests to fix this XML file and when this issue was finally addressed, people started pointing fingers at each other, saying &lt;strong&gt;it is not our responsibility&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The outcome of this project was: product was not delivered, it went over budget, people sat on their hands for over half of the project due to broken XML, the project manager was questioned by senior management regarding why this project had failed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking, testing a XML and fixing a XML was no one's designated responsibility as in the initial test plan, there was not even a test case for this XML file. People used this void of responsibility to blame shift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;So what can we do?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By Agile principle, testing is not someone's designated responsibility alone. Everyone in a team is responsible for software quality. This particularly applies to QAs, but it does not mean devs have no testing responsibility. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By Agile principle, best practice and best results alway come from self-motivated and self-organizing teams. Why is this QA leader not cooperating? Is it due to lack of time? Is it due to short of hands? Has the QA leader had any bad experience in the past for taking extra responsibility? Talking to next level of management higher up may give you a clue, but please do not take this politically otherwise the QA leader may take it as career-torpedoing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no test plan that will work 100% once a project starts; there are always something unexpected will happen, we have to be adaptive. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If no one, regardless of a dev or a qa, wants to take up this responsibility, you may very likely end up in the same shoes as in the foretold story. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-18T22:06:38.597" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T22:06:38.597" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23159" CreationDate="2016-10-18T21:56:07.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer to ask for forgiveness than to ask for permission and many companies and managers share this principle although not always admit that openly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's something innovative to be tried where it is hard to convince people upfront to support something I've learned it's better to try it myself or within a small group. If it worked for you it will be easier to demonstrate to others and convince to use or follow it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-10-18T21:56:07.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23153" CreationDate="2016-10-19T04:50:21.857" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well said Peter. Totally Agree for ID &amp;gt; Name &amp;gt; CSS &amp;gt; LinkText&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@josekimet -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First ensure that element you are looking to perform action is visible&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;your_element.isDisplayed();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If not visible then you need to add implicit wait until that element get visible on page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;After that using ID, I guess you will able to interact with element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Modified: If you are interacting element which is in frame. You need to switch to that frame&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once you switch to targeted frame then only all the elements will be accessible with locators like id/name/css/xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_element_by_id('frame_id'));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now you will be able to find element using 'id'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//*[@id='element_id']&amp;quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T11:54:14.383" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23156" CreationDate="2016-10-19T05:24:21.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the moment it is not possible to do the non-GUI recording with JMeter in command-line mode. I would suggest using another tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tcpdump.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tcpdump&lt;/a&gt; to capture the traffic and use service to make a JMX out of it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://converter.blazemeter.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here about Blazemeter.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T08:30:37.340" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T08:30:37.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23165" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23167" CreationDate="2016-10-19T06:05:39.770" Score="1" ViewCount="1481" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to use a if statement to ensure that an element is not present without rising a &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/api.html#selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;xpath&quot;)):&#xA;   print &quot; This element shouldn't be there.&quot;&#xA;else: &#xA;   print &quot;It's all good, no element there.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I set my If statement to perform what I'm looking for?&#xA;Is there any Selenium command for that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T07:27:38.337" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:27:38.337" Title="Use an if-statement to ensure that an element is not present" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23139" CreationDate="2016-10-19T06:06:11.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no single tool which will allow you to do it on both platforms so I would suggest the following combination:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/studio/profile/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Profiling Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iOS: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Performance/Conceptual/PerformanceOverview/PerformanceTools/PerformanceTools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simulate lots of mobile users (load testing the backend): almost any tool from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/category/testing-tools-overview/performance/?menu-page=overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this list&lt;/a&gt;, for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; which can even &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-mobile-apps-made-easy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;record mobile applicaiton traffic&lt;/a&gt;.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T06:06:11.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23165" CreationDate="2016-10-19T06:14:12.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(len(driver.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;xpath&quot;)) != 0):&#xA;    print &quot;this element should not be here&quot;&#xA;else:&#xA;    print &quot;It is all good, no element there&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T06:19:12.873" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T06:19:12.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23165" CreationDate="2016-10-19T06:37:08.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below snippet is working well form me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(!driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;cancel&quot;)).isEmpty()) {&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Element present&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;else{&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Element is NOT present&quot;);&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T06:37:08.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23169" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-19T07:06:12.847" Score="2" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing scripts to automate a hybrid application.&#xA;On my app I have two windowHandles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, after performing some actions when I execute below code I get &quot;2&quot; windows as the windowHandles value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; windowHandles = InitialiseAppium.driver.WindowHandles;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So at the script I need to close the windowHandles[1] window and navigate back to 0th window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried doing this with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.close();&#xA;driver.Navigate().Back();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But no luck yet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+__+&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what i currently have: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; windowHandles = InitialiseAppium.driver.WindowHandles;&#xA;&#xA;InitialiseAppium.driver.SwitchTo().Window(windowHandles[0]);&#xA;InitialiseAppium.driver.Close();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T17:51:20.907" LastActivityDate="2021-04-24T07:00:26.000" Title="Close a one windowHandler at the Webview" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23169" CreationDate="2016-10-19T08:58:47.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you follow the below approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before performing the action you mentioned, store the default(main) window handle in a string variable, say CurrentHandle using &lt;code&gt;driver.getWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the action, use the code you mentioned to get all windows in ReadOnlyCollection windowHandles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iterate windowHandles and check if CurrentHandle is not equal to windowHandles loop instance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If loop instance is not equal to CurrentHandle, then &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(windowHandles[i])&lt;/code&gt; and then do &lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After the loop, use &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(CurrentHandle)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastEditorUserId="21476" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T09:39:15.753" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T09:39:15.753" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23169" CreationDate="2016-10-19T15:32:21.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To close a new window, you first new to set the context on this new window:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.Click();  // opens a new window&#xA;&#xA;// store the handle of the main window&#xA;String winMain = driver.WindowHandle;&#xA;&#xA;// set the context on the second window and close it&#xA;foreach (String winX in driver.WindowHandles) {&#xA;  if (!winX.Equals(winMain)) {&#xA;    driver.SwitchTo().Window(winX);&#xA;    driver.Close();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// set the context back to the main window&#xA;driver.SwitchTo().Window(winMain);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that &lt;code&gt;WindowHandles&lt;/code&gt; returns a collection of handles where the first handle is not guarantied to be the first window. So you should not try to get an handle by index.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastEditorUserId="16994" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T15:39:04.443" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T15:39:04.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23172" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-19T18:24:40.817" Score="12" ViewCount="3064" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like many companies we have flaky tests in our test suites. Google has &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2016/05/flaky-tests-at-google-and-how-we.html&quot;&gt;this problem&lt;/a&gt; as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, across our entire corpus of tests, we see a continual rate of about 1.5% of all test runs reporting a &quot;flaky&quot; result. We define a &quot;flaky&quot; test result as a test that exhibits both a passing and a failing result with the same code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have several mitigation strategies for flaky tests including&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the ability to re-run only failing tests, and an option to re-run tests automatically when they fail. We even have a way to denote a test as flaky - causing it to report a failure only if it fails 3 times in a row. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We were thinking about similar solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;However, I am afraid that this way I may confuse a failure due to environmental problems with a failure due to a software bug. A software bug can still succeed 3 out of 5 times. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've read &lt;a href=&quot;http://mir.cs.illinois.edu/marinov/publications/LuoETAL14FlakyTestsAnalysis.pdf&quot;&gt;&quot;An Empirical Analysis of Flaky Tests&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and learned there might many reasons other reasons for flaky tests than just unstable environment and they can be removed by fixing the tests. I am afraid we will unnecessary extend test execution time instead of fixing the tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is Google making a mistake with their mitigation strategy? Or it is something that I should follow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-10-19T19:04:42.657" LastActivityDate="2018-06-17T10:47:16.980" Title="Is retrying failed tests good strategy to handle flaky tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23172" CreationDate="2016-10-19T19:21:28.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with so many questions like this, the answer is &quot;it depends.&quot;  At least with the testcases I use, they tend to fail because some other testcase that was running at the same time interfered with them.  In an ideal world, you'd run testcases like this in an isolated environment, but often that's not feasible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I personally say that the answer is to look at the testcases that tend to be flaky, and understand why they're flaky.  You should have logging that you can use to determine why the testcase is flaky.  If you determine that the reason it is flaky is because it's running in the wrong environment, you can either figure out how to address the environmental issues, or do something like Google does and rerun them/keep track of how often they fail, and only flag them after they've failed x times in a row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can fix the testcase, though, yes, you should, but as with all things, you have to balance the amount of work fixing the testcase will take vs the amount of risk you're accepting by not fixing it, the amount of time it will take to fix, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will say, though, reading their blog entry, that designating 16% of their testcases as flaky sounds far too high to me.  But without doing investigation, it's hard to say if that's too high or not.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T19:21:28.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23172" CreationDate="2016-10-19T19:33:55.940" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I find retrying tests to be &lt;em&gt;extremely&lt;/em&gt; risky, unless you diligently investigate &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; retry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have never seen an organization examine &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; retries. In fact, the reason they use a retry mechanism is to deliberately reduce the amount of time they spend investigating failures. The underlying assumption is that the failures are due to the test, and not the system. This is a very, very risky assumption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If an automated test gives different results on subsequent runs, that means that some key variable is not under the test's control. The thing that's varying may be in the system, or in the test code and test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk 1: Masking real system failures&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the uncontrolled variable is in the system, then each failure is trying to give you information about the system. If you retry these tests, &lt;em&gt;and ignore failures when the subsequent run indicates success,&lt;/em&gt; you are deliberately ignoring the very information your test is designed to give you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you diligently investigate each failure, you reduce this risk. But as I said earlier, I have never seen any organization diligently investigate failures when a retry passes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk 2: Destroying Trust&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the uncontrolled variable is in the test code or test environment, then the tests itself is, to some extent, unreliable. In my experience, it takes &lt;em&gt;very, very little unreliability&lt;/em&gt; to destroy an organization's trust in its automated tests. And it is very, very difficult to regain this trust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My strong advice: Do not use automated retries. Instead, find the uncontrolled source of variability, and get control of it. If you cannot find the source, or if you cannot gain control of it, mark the test as unreliable, and run unreliable tests in a separate test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reliability is Enormously Important&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One trap I see in organizations: &quot;Pass all the tests&quot; as a goal for test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Passing tests is a fine goal when you're developing the system. It's dangerous when you're automating tests. For test automation, the goal is not to pass all the tests. The goal is: Write tests that reliably tell you something you repeatedly want to know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reliability is hugely important. Accommodating flaky tests through retries is dangerous. It can mask real system problems. And it can destroy your organization's trust in its automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the tests are not trustworthy, fix them, get rid of them, or mark the untrustworthy runs as untrustworthy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Why yes, the horse on which I am sitting &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; very tall.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2016-10-19T19:33:55.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23176" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-19T22:20:00.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Web testing&lt;/a&gt; is the name given to software testing that focuses on web applications. Complete testing of a web-based system before going live can help address issues before the system is revealed to the public. Issues such as the security of the web application, the basic functionality of the site, its accessibility to handicapped users and fully able users, its ability to adapt to the multitude of desktops, devices, and operating systems, as well as readiness for expected traffic and number of users and the ability to survive a massive spike in user traffic, both of which are related to load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:23:14.520" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:23:14.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23177" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-19T22:20:00.230" Score="0" Body="Web testing focuses on web applications. " OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:23:00.247" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:23:00.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23179" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:15:31.133" Score="0" ViewCount="30" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are team for 4 members. We are able to execute all automation script on our own machine/computer. When we commit on repository we purposefully do not commit our local path and if anyone commit by mistake all other needs to remove that path of other's system, other wise test script will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know how to overcome this problem? How can we keep common path for everyone?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q - How can we overcome/centralize local system path while working in team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T08:54:44.783" Title="Mac + system path : How can we overcome/centralize local system path while working in team?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23180" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:27:50.440" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:27:50.440" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:27:50.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23181" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:27:50.440" Score="0" Body="a test designed to determine the response of the system outside of normal parameters. It is designed to determine if the system performs error handling with unexpected input." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:18:33.233" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:18:33.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23182" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:31:10.620" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:31:10.620" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:31:10.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23183" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:31:10.620" Score="0" Body="any systematic method to carry out a test in a scientific way." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:18:29.113" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:18:29.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23184" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:31:58.827" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:31:58.827" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:31:58.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23185" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:31:58.827" Score="0" Body="the action of teaching a person skills or tools related to software testing." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:20:19.867" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:20:19.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23186" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:32:43.967" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:32:43.967" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:32:43.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23187" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:32:43.967" Score="0" Body="The process it takes to create a test case." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:18:01.407" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:18:01.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23188" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:33:31.390" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:33:31.390" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:33:31.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23189" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:33:31.390" Score="0" Body="An established set of criteria that software testing practitioner has to meet or adhere to." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T17:49:09.310" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T17:49:09.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23190" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:35:27.190" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:35:27.190" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:35:27.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23191" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:35:27.190" Score="0" Body="Use this tag for the question &amp; queries related to automation of any mobile app. Automation that is related to software testing on mobile device platform, e.g. iPhone, iPad or tablet, android mobile/tablets." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T11:26:24.490" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T11:26:24.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23192" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:37:11.200" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:37:11.200" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:37:11.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23193" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:37:11.200" Score="0" Body="A software tester self-educates any topic related to software testing, whether towards to a tool or a certificate." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:17:55.583" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:17:55.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23194" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:38:47.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;System testing&lt;/a&gt; of software or hardware is testing conducted on a complete, integrated system to evaluate the system's compliance with its specified requirements. System testing falls within the scope of black-box testing, and as such, should require no knowledge of the inner design of the code or logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule, system testing takes, as its input, all of the &quot;integrated&quot; software components that have passed integration testing and also the software system itself integrated with any applicable hardware system(s). The purpose of integration testing is to detect any inconsistencies between the software units that are integrated together (called assemblages) or between any of the assemblages and the hardware. System testing is a more limited type of testing; it seeks to detect defects both within the &quot;inter-assemblages&quot; and also within the system as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:20:14.177" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:20:14.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23195" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:38:47.527" Score="0" Body="System testing of software or hardware is testing conducted on a complete, integrated system to evaluate the system's compliance with its specified requirements. System testing falls within the scope of black-box testing, and as such, should require no knowledge of the inner design of the code or logic." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:20:38.683" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:20:38.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23196" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:39:17.683" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:39:17.683" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:39:17.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23197" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:39:17.683" Score="0" Body="Software testing activity related to iPhone mobile platform." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T10:01:44.600" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T10:01:44.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23198" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:40:57.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Data Analysis&lt;/a&gt; is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision-making. Data analysis has multiple facets and approaches, encompassing diverse techniques under a variety of names, in different business, science, and social science domains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data mining is a particular data analysis technique that focuses on modeling and knowledge discovery for predictive rather than purely descriptive purposes. Business intelligence covers data analysis that relies heavily on aggregation, focusing on business information. In statistical applications, some people divide data analysis into descriptive statistics, exploratory data analysis (EDA), and confirmatory data analysis (CDA). EDA focuses on discovering new features in the data and CDA on confirming or falsifying existing hypotheses. Predictive analytics focuses on application of statistical models for predictive forecasting or classification, while text analytics applies statistical, linguistic, and structural techniques to extract and classify information from textual sources, a species of unstructured data. All are varieties of data analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T17:49:11.637" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T17:49:11.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23199" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:40:57.787" Score="0" Body="a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision-making. Data analysis has multiple facets and approaches, encompassing diverse techniques under a variety of names, in different business, science, and social science domains." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:17:51.807" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:17:51.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23200" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:41:30.893" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:41:30.893" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:41:30.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23201" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:41:30.893" Score="0" Body="An exception is an event, which occurs during the execution of a program, that disrupts the normal flow of the program's instructions. When an error occurs within a method, the method creates an object and hands it off to the runtime system." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:18:13.013" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:18:13.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23202" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:43:03.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Test Management&lt;/a&gt; most commonly refers to the activity of managing the computer software testing process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test management tool is software used to manage tests (automated or manual) that have been previously specified by a test procedure. It is often associated with automation software. Test management tools often include requirement and/or specification management modules that allow automatic generation of the requirement test matrix (RTM), which is one of the main metrics to indicate functional coverage of a system under test (SUT).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T17:49:14.140" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T17:49:14.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23203" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:43:03.133" Score="0" Body="Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:19:59.363" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:19:59.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23204" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:43:57.073" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:43:57.073" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:43:57.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23205" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:43:57.073" Score="0" Body="Activity that hatches a document detailing the objectives, target market, internal beta team, and processes for a specific beta test for a software or hardware product." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T02:43:55.430" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T02:43:55.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23206" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:45:33.210" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:45:33.210" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:45:33.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23207" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:45:33.210" Score="0" Body="Actions taken in hindsight to investigate testing outcome in order to discover mistakes and improve efficiency." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T17:49:06.663" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T17:49:06.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23208" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:48:14.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_testing_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Smoke testing&lt;/a&gt; is preliminary testing to reveal simple failures severe enough to (for example) reject a prospective software release. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A smoke tester will select and run a subset of test cases that cover the most important functionality of a component or system, to ascertain if crucial functions of the software work correctly. When used to determine if a computer program should be subjected to further, more fine-grained testing, a smoke test may be called an intake test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, a smoke test may address basic questions like &quot;Does the program run?&quot;, &quot;Does it open a window?&quot;, or &quot;Does clicking the main button do anything?&quot; The process of smoke testing aims to determine whether the application is so badly broken as to make further immediate testing unnecessary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the book Lessons Learned in Software Testing puts it, &quot;smoke tests broadly cover product features in a limited time ... if key features don't work or if key bugs haven't yet been fixed, your team won't waste further time installing or testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke tests frequently run quickly, often in the order of a few minutes, giving the benefit of quicker feedback and faster turnaround than the running of full test suites, which can take hours – or even days.&#xA;Smoke testing performed on a particular build is also known as a build verification test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A daily build and smoke test is among industry best practices.Smoke testing is also done by testers before accepting a build for further testing. Microsoft claims that after code reviews, &quot;smoke testing is the most cost-effective method for identifying and fixing defects in software&quot;.&#xA;One can perform smoke tests either manually or using an automated tool. In the case of automated tools, the process that generates the build will often initiate the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke tests can be broadly categorized as functional tests or as unit tests. Functional tests exercise the complete program with various inputs. Unit tests exercise individual functions, subroutines, or object methods. Functional tests may comprise a scripted series of program inputs, possibly even with an automated mechanism for controlling mouse movements. Unit tests can be implemented either as separate functions within the code itself, or else as a driver layer that links to the code without altering the code being tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T17:49:28.533" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T17:49:28.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23209" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:48:14.280" Score="0" Body="In computer programming and software testing, smoke testing (also confidence testing, sanity testing) is preliminary testing to reveal simple failures severe enough to (for example) reject a prospective software release. " OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:18:23.150" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:18:23.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23210" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:49:10.210" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T07:49:10.210" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T07:49:10.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23211" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T07:49:10.210" Score="0" Body="The process of qualifying for an achievement, or a credential attesting to that achievement in software testing field." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T09:20:57.747" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:20:57.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23172" CreationDate="2016-10-20T08:37:35.673" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm with @Kevin- it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test system I am working with now is highly complicated, it depends on an infrastructure made of a long chain of sub-systems each with high reliability numbers.&#xA;As an example let's assume 99.9% reliability and 20 sub systems. This gives in total around 98% up time meaning almost half an hour each day !&#xA;In a system like this one, when I know that I am well covered with tests below and above my test level repeating flaky tests is a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand if you are dealing with a life critical system, I would never consider a flaky test an acceptable one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other other hand I have seen flaky tests being removed without going back to your original assumptions about testing, making things even worst.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only solid advice I can give is to try and invest some time to understand the source of this instability and get rid of it, not necessarily fix it but maybe go around it or re-think your test environment or code aka refactor it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T08:37:35.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23172" CreationDate="2016-10-20T09:05:10.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Researching flaky tests is very time consuming. So coming up with a strategy to make it easier and faster seems like a very good idea. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From experience I think re-running test three times is the magic number. Test that fail after three tries have always been issues with the application under test. Where less often the root-cause is some test-infrastructure issue. (Which are time-consuming to fix often)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;strong&gt;first points&lt;/strong&gt; worries are solid. What if something only goes wrong sometimes and now we just ignore it, while users might have the same issues one out of three times. Therefor I think the following comment on the Google article is very important:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Our rerun mechanism is only used for tests that are marked as flaky or&#xA;  when users specifically request it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means you have to-do some research and then mark it flaky. Now you can define your own checklist for defining when tests are marked flaky or not. Only the flaky tests get re-run three times. Not just blindly run all tests three times. I think for unit-tests you should probably never need to re-run them. For functional UI tests this will happen more often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;strong&gt;second point&lt;/strong&gt; seems irrelevant in the world of clouds. Run your tests in parallel and make your test-suite is as fast as you need it to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monitoring re-runs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do add a default re-run strategy for all your tests. Than you should add test-result monitoring and research flaky tests that are more flaky then others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://xebialabs.com/products/xl-testview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;XL TestView&lt;/a&gt; let you gather test results from multiple channels and view trends on their results. Now you only have to focus on the tests that are failing every day/week but only succeed the second or third time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you do need to add a safeguard to prevent missing issues that only happen under certain circumstances. For this you have to analyse your test-results once in a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T09:05:10.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23215" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23216" CreationDate="2016-10-20T13:22:47.240" Score="1" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating a script for saving a record. There is a save button and it has an ID and javascript in it. Below is my script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = &quot;ctl00_MainContent_btnSave&quot;)]&#xA;IWebElement btnSavePCOption1 { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;public void SaveRequest()&#xA;{&#xA;   btnSavePCOption1.Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I called this method and the save button won't work. I replaced it with javascript executor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IJavaScriptExecutor js = DriverContext.Driver as IJavaScriptExecutor;&#xA;js.ExecuteScript(&quot;return btnSave.OnClientClick(this, event);&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This line worked. Since I am the only QA in the team and my team has not experienced automation, I consulted my software architect to see if this is valid and he rejected the idea of using a javascript executor because my script is supposed to be mimicking the user's actions. &#xA;How valid is using a javascript executor on a script if that is the case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T17:50:18.030" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T17:50:18.030" Title="Usage of javascriptexecutor in automation test scripts" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23215" CreationDate="2016-10-20T14:22:18.370" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your test is supposed to reproduce the user behavior as close as possible, but you are calling the method attached to the button rather than clicking the button. So it kind of defeats the purpose of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are the differences ?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;Click&lt;/code&gt; will ensure that the button is visible and intractable. Calling the method will not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;Click&lt;/code&gt; will emit all the events related to a click. Calling the method will not and you'll probably end-up with an unexpected behavior if the page rely on them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So is there any case where the &lt;code&gt;ExecuteScript&lt;/code&gt; is a valid option ?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the Selenium API doesn't provide a way like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performing an HTML5 drag and drop or drop of file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting a Text node&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting the text generated by CSS (pseudo element)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting the native validation message and status on an input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scrolling to a specific position&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Waiting for an asynchronous request when the result doesn't change the content of the page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastEditorUserId="16994" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T16:33:50.347" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T16:33:50.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2016-10-20T15:18:34.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not quite what the OP asked, but is an alternative for IE and Edge testing of a site with AD authentication; simply stop having the browsers prompt, and instead just use the AD credentials of the user running the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are wanting to test your site against Edge or IE and the site uses AD authentication then both browsers will prompt to your users credentials as has been described for Firefox and Chrome. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can make both browsers silently accept the AD credentials of the user running the browser by simply &lt;strong&gt;adding the site to the test machines list of intranet zone sites&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="180" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T15:18:34.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23115" CreationDate="2016-10-20T15:59:08.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some webpages display elements based on viewport size of the browser. I have used CheckMyLinks XPI with chromedriver in a test Automation suite in the past and it provided consistent results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please ensure you use same viewport size and check for consistency of results or follow the below approach to verify if viewport size impacts number of links on the page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the webpage and go to browser console&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;type &lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;//*[contains(@href,'http')]&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; and hit return&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Observe the number of elements it returns. Use same approach for a different viewport size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: If the href's on the page use relative links, you may modify the xpath accordingly &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T16:01:36.827" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T16:01:36.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22459" CreationDate="2016-10-20T16:45:08.210" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This could be due to folder permission issues or jar file getting corrupt. Could you please move the jar file to a different folder and try running again or download the jar again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you may refer the following post for more troubleshooting options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11943948/error-unable-to-access-jar-file&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11943948/error-unable-to-access-jar-file&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T16:45:08.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23221" CreationDate="2016-10-20T17:50:18.313" Score="3" ViewCount="4620" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a button I want to click, Selenium isn't giving me an error just stops. I've tried both xpath and css and it just stops. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a ng-click=&quot;login();&quot; ng-disabled=&quot;loginForm.$invalid || submitting == true&quot; ng-class=&quot;submitting == true ? 'm-progress' : ''&quot; class=&quot;btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block pink button&quot; tabindex=&quot;4&quot;&amp;gt;sign in&amp;lt;/a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code for the button. And these are the two attempts I've tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ngdialog1']/div[2]/form/div[3]/div[1]/div[2]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or with CSS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.btn.btn-primary.btn-lg.btn-block.pink.button&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium so I could be doing it wrong. Any advice would be appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T17:49:44.417" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T17:49:44.417" Title="Unable to click button Selenium Webdriver 3" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23220" CreationDate="2016-10-20T18:26:35.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[contains(@class,'btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block pink button') and contains(@tabindex,'4')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The xpath basically means : any element that has class attribute containing '&lt;code&gt;btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block pink button&lt;/code&gt;' and a &lt;code&gt;tabindex attribute containing 4&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should try to read a little about how to write custom xpaths as addons like Firepath are not always useful in case of dynamic web application/pages testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T22:26:43.137" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T22:26:43.137" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17177" CreationDate="2016-10-20T19:12:26.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you follow the below approach&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a main method to invoke your test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Maven for managing dependencies and create an Ant build file to run your main method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Ant plugin in Jenkins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define workspace and build file while creating a Jenkin job. Specify time if you wish to run the test automatically at a given time/durations OR run the Jenkin job manually from Jenkins console&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not want to use Ant, you may create a jar file for your framework and run the jar directly by creating a Jenkins job that executes the jar file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T19:12:26.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23223" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-20T21:09:25.167" Score="0" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just updated my webdriver from NUGet this morning and I am having issues with the dropdown. Below is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void SelectDDL(this IWebElement element, string value)&#xA;{&#xA;    element.Click();&#xA;    element.SendKeys(value);&#xA;    element.SendKeys(Keys.Enter);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void AddPositionTitle(string value)&#xA;{&#xA;    positionBasket.ElementDisplayed();&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;    ddlSearchTitle.SelectDDL(value);&#xA;    Driver.LinkToClickIsVisible(value);&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was working until I have upgraded to Selenium 3 this morning. I ran this in chrome. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happened was it typed slow and execution was so inconsistent. I am not sure if my connection can be a culprit of this. I tried not to use &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep&lt;/code&gt; as well, but the &lt;code&gt;Explicit Waits&lt;/code&gt; won't work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T17:46:52.717" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T17:46:52.717" Title="Dropdown is not consistent in Selenium Webdriver 3" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23224" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T22:30:22.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_11&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;IE 11&lt;/a&gt; is the last version of the Internet Explorer web browser by Microsoft. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was officially released on 17 October 2013 for Windows 8.1 and on 7 November 2013 for Windows 7. The browser was also shipped with Windows 10 on its release on 29 July 2015, but Microsoft Edge is the default browser in this version of Windows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After 12 January 2016 only the most recent version of Internet Explorer to be offered for installation on any given Windows operating system will continue to be supported with security updates, lasting until the end of the support lifecycle for that Windows operating system. On Windows 7, 8.1, and 10, only Internet Explorer 11 will receive security updates for the remainder of those Windows versions' support lifecycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T09:46:31.717" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T09:46:31.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23225" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T22:30:22.190" Score="0" Body="IE11 is the last version of the Internet Explorer web browser by Microsoft as of 2016." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T09:46:41.770" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T09:46:41.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23226" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T22:32:26.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeout_(computing)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TimeOut&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In telecommunications and related engineering (including computer networking and programming), the term timeout or time-out has several meanings, including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A network parameter related to an enforced event designed to occur at the conclusion of a predetermined elapsed time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A specified period of time that will be allowed to elapse in a system before a specified event is to take place, unless another specified event occurs first; in either case, the period is terminated when either event takes place. Note: A timeout condition can be canceled by the receipt of an appropriate time-out cancellation signal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An event that occurs at the end of a predetermined period of time that began at the occurrence of another specified event. The timeout can be prevented by an appropriate signal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Timeouts allow for more efficient usage of limited resources without requiring additional interaction from the agent interested in the goods that cause the consumption of these resources. The basic idea is that in situations where a system must wait for something to happen, rather than waiting indefinitely, the waiting will be aborted after the timeout period has elapsed. This is based on the assumption that further waiting is useless, and some other action is necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T09:46:35.713" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T09:46:35.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23227" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T22:32:26.787" Score="0" Body="An event that occurs at the end of a predetermined period of time that began at the occurrence of another specified event. The timeout can be prevented by an appropriate signal" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T12:02:46.340" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T12:02:46.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23228" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-20T22:34:26.970" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-20T22:34:26.970" LastActivityDate="2016-10-20T22:34:26.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23229" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-20T22:34:26.970" Score="0" Body="Test architecture is a set of rules and methods that describe the functionality, organization, and implementation of software testing. &#xD;&#xA;OR&#xD;&#xA;An experienced tester." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T12:02:43.473" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T12:02:43.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23230" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-21T05:37:46.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Modern software projects are getting increasingly complicated, test teams consist of not only tester, developers, business analysts play more and more important roles as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T09:46:38.860" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T09:46:38.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23231" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-21T05:37:46.570" Score="0" Body="A group of multi-disciplined, cross-functional professional working together to deliver high quality software product." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T13:01:13.130" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T13:01:13.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23232" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-21T05:40:49.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_(software)#Selenium_Remote_Control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Selenium Remote Control&lt;/a&gt; (RC) is a server, written in Java, that accepts commands for the browser via HTTP. RC makes it possible to write automated tests for a web application in any programming language, which allows for better integration of Selenium in existing unit test frameworks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make writing tests easier, Selenium project currently provides client drivers for PHP, Python, Ruby, .NET, Perl and Java. The Java driver can also be used with JavaScript (via the Rhino engine). A new instance of selenium RC server is needed to launch html test case - which means that the port should be different for each parallel run. However, for Java/PHP test case only one Selenium RC instance needs to be running continuously.&#xA;Selenium Remote Control was a refactoring of Driven Selenium or Selenium B designed by Paul Hammant, credited with Jason as co-creator of Selenium. The original version directly launched a process for the browser in question, from the test language of Java, .Net, Python or Ruby. The wire protocol (called 'Selenese' in its day) was reimplemented in each language port. After the refactor by Dan Fabulich, and Nelson Sproul (with help from Pat Lightbody) there was an intermediate daemon process between the driving test script, and the browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The benefits included the ability to drive remote browsers, and the reduced need to port every line of code to an increasingly growing set of languages. Selenium Remote Control completely took over from the Driven Selenium code-line in 2006. The browser pattern for 'Driven'/'B' and 'RC' was response/request, which subsequently became known as Comet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the release of Selenium 2, Selenium RC has been officially deprecated in favor of Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T12:02:52.147" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T12:02:52.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23233" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-21T05:40:49.583" Score="0" Body="Selenium Remote Control (RC) is a server, written in Java, that accepts commands for the browser via HTTP. RC makes it possible to write automated tests for a web application in any programming language, which allows for better integration of Selenium in existing unit test frameworks. " OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T09:46:47.883" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T09:46:47.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23234" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-21T05:44:00.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extract,_transform,_load&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ETL&lt;/a&gt; In computing, Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) refers to a process in database usage and especially in data warehousing that performs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data extraction – extracts data from homogeneous or heterogeneous data sources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data transformation – transforms the data for storing it in the proper format or structure for the purposes of querying and analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data loading – loads it into the final target (database, more specifically, operational data store, data mart, or data warehouse)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the data extraction takes time, it is common to execute the three phases in parallel. While the data is being extracted, another transformation process executes. It processes the already received data and prepares it for loading. As soon as there is some data ready to be loaded into the target, the data loading kicks off without waiting for the completion of the previous phases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ETL systems commonly integrate data from multiple applications (systems), typically developed and supported by different vendors or hosted on separate computer hardware. The disparate systems containing the original data are frequently managed and operated by different employees. For example, a cost accounting system may combine data from payroll, sales, and purchasing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T09:46:50.860" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T09:46:50.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23235" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-21T05:44:00.800" Score="0" Body="Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) refers to a process in database usage and especially in data warehousing that performs data extraction, data transformation and data loading.&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-21T09:46:44.910" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T09:46:44.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23240" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-21T17:12:53.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ISO 9000&lt;/a&gt; is s family of quality management systems standards is designed to help organizations ensure that they meet the needs of customers and other stakeholders while meeting statutory and regulatory requirements related to a product or program. ISO 9000 deals with the fundamentals of quality management systems, including the eight management principles upon which the family of standards is based.ISO 9001 deals with the requirements that organizations wishing to meet the standard must fulfill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third-party certification bodies provide independent confirmation that organizations meet the requirements of ISO 9001. Over one million organizations worldwide are independently certified, making ISO 9001 one of the most widely used management tools in the world today. However, the ISO certification process has been criticized as being wasteful and not being useful for all organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T07:05:11.277" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T07:05:11.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23241" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-21T17:12:53.077" Score="0" Body="The ISO 9000 family of quality management systems standards is designed to help organizations ensure that they meet the needs of customers and other stakeholders while meeting statutory and regulatory requirements related to a product or program." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T07:05:21.347" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T07:05:21.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23242" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-21T17:16:51.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Import_and_export_of_data&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Export and Import&lt;/a&gt; of data is the automated or semi-automated input and output of data sets between different software applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It involves &quot;translating&quot; from the format used in one application into that used by another, where such translation is accomplished automatically via machine processes, such as transcoding, data transformation, and others. True exports of data often contain data in raw formats otherwise unreadable to end-users without the user interface that was designed to render it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Import and export of data shares semantic analogy with copying and pasting, in that sets of data are copied from one application and pasted into another. In fact, the software development behind operating system clipboards (and clipboard extender apps) greatly concerns the many details and challenges of data transformation and transcoding, in order to present the end user with the illusion of effortless copy and paste between any two apps, no matter how internally different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Save As&quot; command in many applications requires much of the same engineering, when files are saved as another file format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ability to import and export data (or lack of such ability) has large economic implications, because it can be resource-intensive to input data in non-automated ways (such as manual rekeying), and because lack of interoperability between systems unable to import or export data between each other causes stovepiping and lack of opportunity and efficiencies such as those seen in, for example, mash-ups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T07:05:05.490" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T07:05:05.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23243" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-21T17:16:51.817" Score="0" Body="Export is converting a computer file into a format other than the original format" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T07:05:17.477" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T07:05:17.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23244" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-21T19:20:55.993" Score="-1" ViewCount="84" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I’m looking in to automated mobile testing solution and need some suggestions from experience folks who are currently using such tools. So far I’ve evaluated “Silk Mobile” and couple other tools but it seems they all needs to be physically connected to computer via USB. Is there any tool out there which doesn’t requires such USB connection all the times (of course when setting initially is acceptable). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21035" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T19:34:18.340" Title="Mobile Testing Tools Suggestions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-23T11:06:14.150" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23244" CreationDate="2016-10-21T19:34:18.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you use appium for testing mobile application. I have listed a Few Advantages of using appium for native and hybrid applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium can be used to test both Android and iOS applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is easy to learn since the syntax is very similar to selenium syntax &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is an open source tool and has user community to assist you with questions and concerns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And there are a lot of other advantages, I would recommend you refer more details on appium website &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://appium.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can run Appium tests on physical devices as well as emulators. You may also run tests on a wide range of devices with different configuration on Amazon device farm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T19:34:18.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16576" CreationDate="2016-10-21T19:50:02.823" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;See this page for more information on Marionette and profiles.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/QA/Marionette/Developer_setup#Starting_a_Marionette-Enabled_Firefox_without_runtests.py&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/QA/Marionette/Developer_setup#Starting_a_Marionette-Enabled_Firefox_without_runtests.py&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22049" LastActivityDate="2016-10-21T19:50:02.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23247" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:38:30.070" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T07:38:30.070" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T07:38:30.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23248" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:38:30.070" Score="0" Body="Find out the reason for a test to fail." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:25:18.713" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:25:18.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23249" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:42:03.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkey_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Monkey testing&lt;/a&gt; In software testing, monkey testing is a technique where the user tests the application or system by providing random inputs and checking the behavior, or seeing whether the application or system will crash. Monkey testing is usually implemented as random, automated unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the source of the name &quot;monkey&quot; is uncertain, it is believed by some that the name has to do with the infinite monkey theorem, which states that a monkey hitting keys at random on a typewriter keyboard for an infinite amount of time will almost surely type a given text, such as the complete works of William Shakespeare. Some others believe that the name comes from the classic Mac OS application &quot;The Monkey&quot; developed by Steve Capps prior to 1983. It used journaling hooks to feed random events into Mac programs, and was used to test for bugs in MacPaint.&#xA;Monkey Testing is also included in Android Studio as part of the standard testing tools for stress testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:56.180" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:56.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23250" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:42:03.473" Score="0" Body="Monkey talking is a technique where the user tests the application or system by providing random inputs and checking the behavior, or seeing whether the application or system will crash. Monkey testing is usually implemented as random, automated unit tests." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:46.423" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:46.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23251" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:46:48.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SonarQube&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sonarqube&lt;/a&gt; is an open source platform for continuous inspection of code quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supports languages: Java (including Android), C/C++, Objective-C, C#, PHP, Flex, Groovy, JavaScript, Python, PL/SQL, COBOL, Swift, etc. (note that some of them are commercial)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Offers reports on duplicated code, coding standards, unit tests, code coverage, code complexity, potential bugs, comments and design and architecture.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Records metrics history and provides evolution graphs (&quot;time machine&quot;) and differential views.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides fully automated analysis: integrates with Maven, Ant, Gradle and continuous integration tools (Atlassian Bamboo, Jenkins, Hudson, etc.).&#xA;Integrates with Eclipse, Visual Studio and IntelliJ IDEA development environments through the SonarLint plugins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integrates with external tools: JIRA, Mantis, LDAP, Fortify, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is expandable with the use of plugins.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implements the SQALE methodology to evaluate technical debt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:16.040" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:16.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23252" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:46:48.447" Score="0" Body="SonarQube (formerly Sonar) is an open source platform for continuous inspection of code quality" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:27.990" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:27.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23253" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:49:35.417" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T07:49:35.417" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T07:49:35.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23254" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:49:35.417" Score="0" Body="Codeception PHP Testing Framework is designed to work just out of the box. This means its installation requires minimal steps and no external dependencies preinstalled (except PHP, of course). Only one configuration step should be taken and you are ready to test your web application from an eye of actual user." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:25:00.667" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:25:00.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23255" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:59:25.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyword-driven_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Keyword driven testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keyword-driven testing uses keywords (or action words) to symbolize a functionality to be tested, such as Enter Client. The keyword Enter Client is defined as the set of actions that must be executed to enter a new client in the database. Its keyword documentation would contain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the starting state of the system under test (SUT)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the window or menu to start from&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the keys or mouse clicks to get to the correct data entry window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the names of the fields to find and which arguments to enter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the actions to perform in case additional dialogs pop up (like confirmations)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the button to click to submit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;an assertion about what the state of the SUT should be after completion of the actions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T05:28:13.103" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T05:28:13.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23256" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T07:59:25.293" Score="0" Body="Keyword-driven testing, also known as table-driven testing or action word based testing, is a software testing methodology suitable for both manual and automated testing. This method separates the documentation of test cases -including the data to use- from the prescription of the way the test cases are executed. &#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;As a result it separates the test creation process into two distinct stages: a design and development stage, and an execution stage." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:38.853" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:38.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23257" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:01:05.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dbunit.wikidot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Dbunit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DbUnit is a JUnit extension (also usable with Ant) targeted for database-driven projects that, among other things, puts your database into a known state between test runs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:35.813" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:35.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23258" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:01:05.803" Score="0" Body="DbUnit is a JUnit extension (also usable with Ant) targeted for database-driven projects that, among other things, puts your database into a known state between test runs. " OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:32.037" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:32.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23259" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:15:58.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.xamarin.com/guides/testcloud/calabash/introduction-to-calabash/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Calabash-Android&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acceptance testing is an engineering practice that is used to prove that an application will work according to predefined specifications. Acceptance testing is also be used to prove that changes to an application have not unintentionally broken any of the existing functionality. This involves running a suite of high-level tests on an application. Traditionally, acceptance testing has been a manual process that involves testers running all of the test scenarios by hand against the application. Manual testing is time consuming and expensive, and deters many teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Calabash is one framework that enables automated UI Acceptance Tests written in Cucumber to be run on iOS and Android applications. While Calabash integrates tightly with Xamarin.iOS and Xamarin.Android project, it can also be used with iOS and Android projects written in the indigenous languages of Objective-C and Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:42.303" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:42.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23260" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:15:58.793" Score="0" Body="An Andriod acceptance testing framework." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:25:04.260" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:25:04.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23261" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:17:43.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;AWS&lt;/a&gt;, a subsidiary of Amazon.com, offers a suite of cloud-computing services that make up an on-demand computing platform. These services operate from 13 geographical regions across the world. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most central and best-known of these services arguably include Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, also known as &quot;EC2&quot;, and Amazon Simple Storage Service, also known as &quot;S3&quot;. As of 2016 AWS has more than 70 services, spanning a wide range, including compute, storage, networking, database, analytics, application services, deployment, management, mobile, developer tools and tools for the Internet of things. Amazon markets AWS as a service to provide large computing capacity quicker and cheaper than a client company building an actual physical server farm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:53.013" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:53.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23262" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:17:43.530" Score="0" Body="Amazon Web Services (AWS), a subsidiary of Amazon.com, offers a suite of cloud-computing services that make up an on-demand computing platform." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:49.957" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:49.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23263" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:19:49.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.neotys.com/neoload/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;NeoLoad&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fast. Realistic. Powerful. NeoLoad is a load and performance testing tool that realistically simulates user activity and monitors infrastructure behavior so you can eliminate bottlenecks in all your web and mobile applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T15:24:12.263" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T15:24:12.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23264" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:19:49.487" Score="0" Body="NeoLoad is a load and performance testing tool that realistically simulates user activity and monitors infrastructure behavior so you can eliminate bottlenecks in all your web and mobile applications." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T11:04:45.460" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T11:04:45.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23265" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:22:43.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Risk analysis&lt;/a&gt; can be &quot;broadly defined to include risk assessment, risk characterization, risk communication, risk management, and policy relating to risk, in the context of risks of concern to individuals, to public- and private-sector organizations, and to society at a local, regional, national, or global level.&quot; A useful construct is to divide risk analysis into two components: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;risk assessment (identifying, evaluating, and measuring the probability and severity of risks) and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;risk management (deciding what to do about risks). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;take a slightly different approach and define risk management as the overarching concept, where risk analysis is the component that seeks to identify and measure the risks and risk mitigation is determining what to do about the risks. Risk analysis can be qualitative or quantitative.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qualitative risk analysis uses words or colors to identify and evaluate risks or presents a written description of the risk, and quantitative risk analysis (QRA) calculates numerical probabilities over the possible consequences.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T12:48:19.070" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T12:48:19.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23266" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-22T08:22:43.813" Score="0" Body="Risk analysis can be &quot;broadly defined to include risk assessment, risk characterization, risk communication, risk management, and policy relating to risk, in the context of risks of concern to individuals, to public- and private-sector organizations, and to society at a local, regional, national, or global level.&quot;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-10-22T12:47:36.803" LastActivityDate="2016-10-22T12:47:36.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23267" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-23T00:50:25.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://smartbear.com/product/ready-api/features/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ready!API&lt;/a&gt; includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SoapUI NG Pro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadUI NG Pro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Secure Pro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ServiceV Pro&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also includes a core set of features that is included in all of the tools and provides the real power of the platform. Each of these features is available in all of the tools so everyone can benefit from them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T11:05:10.827" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T11:05:10.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23268" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-23T00:50:25.603" Score="0" Body="A platform of API testing tools developed by SmartBear" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T11:05:15.507" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T11:05:15.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23269" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-10-23T00:52:22.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_(computer_science)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;A string&lt;/a&gt; is traditionally a sequence of characters, either as a literal constant or as some kind of variable. The latter may allow its elements to be mutated and the length changed, or it may be fixed (after creation). A string is generally understood as a data type and is often implemented as an array of bytes (or words) that stores a sequence of elements, typically characters, using some character encoding. A string may also denote more general arrays or other sequence (or list) data types and structures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on programming language and precise data type used, a variable declared to be a string may either cause storage in memory to be statically allocated for a predetermined maximum length or employ dynamic allocation to allow it to hold variable number of elements.&#xA;When a string appears literally in source code, it is known as a string literal or an anonymous string.&#xA;In formal languages, which are used in mathematical logic and theoretical computer science, a string is a finite sequence of symbols that are chosen from a set called an alphabet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T11:05:02.303" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T11:05:02.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23270" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-10-23T00:52:22.100" Score="0" Body="a string is traditionally a sequence of characters, either as a literal constant or as some kind of variable. " OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T11:04:06.890" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T11:04:06.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23272" CreationDate="2016-10-23T13:51:05.963" Score="2" ViewCount="1055" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bpqbG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to automate WEBVIEW content in Android Automation ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In above attached Image i want to verify Bold and Underlined content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me regarding it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T14:12:16.713" Title="How to automate WEBVIEW in Native Android application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23271" CreationDate="2016-10-23T14:12:16.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Appium or Selendroid to automate this WebView, you may simply use the inspector to locate the element/elements used for Bold/underlined text. Once you have located the element, simply use getText method to get the text inside that web element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T14:12:16.713" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23273" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-23T18:04:26.450" Score="0" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working on nightwatchjs from past 6 months, before that I was using Selenium-WebDriver to do browser automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have syntactical knowledge of JS and I assume that Jasmine won't bother me much, if it is browser automation. But I never tested &lt;code&gt;web services&lt;/code&gt; manually or automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to start automating web service for one of our clients, using Jasmine. Is their a getting started which can help me understanding and then automating web services? Please suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-23T19:46:54.207" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T21:30:06.680" Title="Jasmine web services automation &quot;getting started&quot; doc" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23273" CreationDate="2016-10-23T19:46:36.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Will those links below help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jasmine.github.io/pages/getting_started.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine Behavior-Driven JavsScript&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jasmine.github.io/2.4/introduction.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine Introduction&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cheatography.com/citguy/cheat-sheets/jasmine-js-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jasmine JaveScript testing Cheat Sheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://evanhahn.com/how-do-i-jasmine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How do I Jasmine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.distelli.com/docs/tutorials/test-your-nodejs-with-jasmine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Automate node test with Jasmine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ontestautomation.com/getting-started-with-javascript-testing-using-jasmine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Getting started with JavaScript testing using Jasmine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure how much you know about web services testing, here is a quick starter in general: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/webservice-testing-beginner-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;webservice testing beginner guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-23T19:46:36.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23281" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23282" CreationDate="2016-10-24T07:30:13.270" Score="-1" ViewCount="1412" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a JUnit test suite that has multiple test cases. A couple of these are for functionality that are currently under implementation. I want to skip these test cases. How do I skip tests cases with JUnit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suite code looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pack1;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;&#xA;import org.junit.runners.Suite;&#xA;import org.junit.runners.Suite.SuiteClasses;&#xA;&#xA;@RunWith(Suite.class)&#xA;@SuiteClasses({&#xA;    pack1.TC01CL.class,&#xA;    pack1.TC02CL.class,&#xA;    pack1.TC03CL.class&#xA;})&#xA;&#xA;public class TestAll {&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T18:39:49.747" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T18:39:49.747" Title="How to skip test cases in a JUnit testsuite?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23281" CreationDate="2016-10-24T08:34:45.017" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. You need to import&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.junit.Ignore;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Tag @Ignore is available in JUnit&lt;/strong&gt; - It will skip your test from executing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Ignore&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void your_test_to_skipped() {&#xA;---;&#xA;---;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T08:34:45.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23284" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-24T09:20:03.193" Score="5" ViewCount="6506" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find some guidance and a tool for testing whether a page on a website is cached or not. Please could someone advise what is the best process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2913" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:08:35.900" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T10:35:03.153" Title="How do you test the cache of a website?" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;&lt;web-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23285" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-24T09:26:35.803" Score="2" ViewCount="291" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my test automation, I have these following links declared in a class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;link of the excel file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;link of the chrome driver &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;link of the url of my app in test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;link of gmail (since I have the functionality to check email)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;link of the extent-report html file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these are being declared in one class. So, I just called it whenever i need to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I want to just store these links in an external file. &lt;strong&gt;A:) Should I store these links in an excel file or B:) use Object Property instead?&lt;/strong&gt; Which is way handy to implement? What's more appropriate when it comes to this? I know it's really messy when you have the links being declared in a class. Thanks in advance! Cheers!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T18:13:32.983" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T18:13:32.983" Title="Selenium Webdriver : What would be the good practice to save url/link, in excel or properties file?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22931" CreationDate="2016-10-24T11:00:23.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Equivalence Partitioning and Boundary Value Analysis techniques are widely used in Manual Testing these days. Below&#xA;is an example depicting a clear understanding:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Equivalence Partitioning:-&#xA;This is method in which we divide valid &amp;amp; invalid range of input.&#xA;e.g.:- List of employee having salary range between 5000-11000.&#xA;Here we get 3 partitions as below...&#xA;1. Invalid Partition: &amp;lt;5000&#xA;2. Valid Partition: 5000-11000&#xA;3. Invalid Partition: &gt;11000&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Boundary Value Analysis:-&#xA;This is a method in which we takes input boundary values with +1 &amp;amp; -1. Which is called as Upper Boundary,On the Boundary &amp;amp; Lower Boundary values.&#xA;Let's take same above example...&#xA;e.g.:- Here,&#xA;Upper Boundary values are 4999,5000,5001&#xA;Lower Boundary values are 10999,11000,11001&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22077" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T11:00:23.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23285" CreationDate="2016-10-24T11:42:35.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have not mentioned about environment you're using. Still I will answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you compare its not having big advantage of storing in excel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Currently I'm following practice to storing that link in .properties file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I will suggest to use .properties file &amp;amp; its comparatively easy than excel &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T11:42:35.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23290" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23295" CreationDate="2016-10-24T12:04:40.793" Score="0" ViewCount="1408" Body="&lt;p&gt;Getting some exponential value in qtp/uft while performing multiplication with huge numbers. But I want the exact decimal value of it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.:  I am getting something like 15525.22352000e25&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need the exact value of it like 15525.22352554585.......&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Numbers are examples, Not exact :) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need it for at least 15 decimal digits&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T13:24:23.460" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:24:23.460" Title="How to convert exponential number to normal number in qtp?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;uft&gt;&lt;qtp-11.0&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23290" CreationDate="2016-10-24T12:47:28.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Numbers in computations&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exponential representation of numbers is used for &lt;code&gt;Double&lt;/code&gt; data type (15 significant digits, so called &lt;code&gt;mantissa&lt;/code&gt;, and E-part, so called &lt;code&gt;exponent&lt;/code&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's see your example &lt;code&gt;15525.22352000e25&lt;/code&gt;. It is converted to &lt;code&gt;Double&lt;/code&gt; because it is greater than the biggest integer data type &lt;code&gt;Long&lt;/code&gt; (values from &lt;code&gt;-2,147,483,648&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;2,147,483,647&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another data type &lt;code&gt;Currency&lt;/code&gt; but it is limited by values from &lt;code&gt;-922,337,203,685,477.5808&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;922,337,203,685,477.5807&lt;/code&gt; (it's about 9.2e14) so it's not enough to store you number &lt;code&gt;15525.22e25&lt;/code&gt; without conversion to &lt;code&gt;Double&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So there is no way to store &lt;code&gt;15525.22352000e25&lt;/code&gt; without loosing some accuracy&lt;/strong&gt;. This example needs 30 significant digits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as you said:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;need it for at least 15 decimal digits&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Double&lt;/code&gt; data type is just what you need, it has 15 significant digits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Contains a double-precision, floating-point number in the range&#xA;  -1.79769313486232E308 to -4.94065645841247E-324 for negative values; 4.94065645841247E-324 to 1.79769313486232E308 for positive values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Numbers in string output&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need just to show this number without exponent part to user you can use &lt;code&gt;FormatNumber(number)&lt;/code&gt; function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FormatNumber(15525.22352000e25)&#xA;' Output: &quot;155 252 235 200 000 000 000 000 000 000,00&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-24T12:57:22.400" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T12:57:22.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23285" CreationDate="2016-10-24T13:58:57.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create separate classes for the information.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Consider them to be similar to Page Objects.&#xA;Create one file that is used globally and then page or function specific ones that are included as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will lead you to centralize your data setup, ensure that you use the same values throughout the application and will encourage common name formatting and format for your setup data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The classes &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; load text files, e.g. .csv but you may find it easier to just use specific classes to wrap them as directly available values scoped by their class.  This is an implementation detail.  I have used the same approach with different implementations of csv files, yaml files and directly in classes with methods.  A good approach here will depend on your individual situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T13:58:57.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23297" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23298" CreationDate="2016-10-24T15:52:32.717" Score="1" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Bugzilla duplicate suggestions are useless for me, since I'm the only tester and I know my own bugs quite well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list is shown on the &lt;code&gt;http://bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi&lt;/code&gt; page (where  &lt;code&gt;bugzilla&lt;/code&gt; is the name of the Bugzilla server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;finding a setting in Bugzilla that's responsible for it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T15:52:32.717" Title="How can I remove the duplicate suggestions from Bugzilla?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23297" CreationDate="2016-10-24T15:52:32.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can install &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/de/firefox/addon/greasemonkey/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Greasemonkey (Firefox)&lt;/a&gt; and add a user script that removes the part of the webpage that is not relevant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// ==UserScript==&#xA;// @name        Remove possible duplicates&#xA;// @namespace   bugzilla&#xA;// @description Remove possible duplicates&#xA;// @include     http://bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?*&#xA;// @version     1&#xA;// @grant       none&#xA;// ==/UserScript==&#xA;var row = document.getElementById('possible_duplicates_container');&#xA;row.innerHTML = '&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Duplicates deactivated by Greasemonkey.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;';&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T15:52:32.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7933" CreationDate="2016-10-24T18:59:39.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Per &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/webdriver-methods&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/webdriver-methods&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;get()              # The most common, get request to load the page&#xA;getCurrentUrl();   # The URL&#xA;getTitle()         # Page title&#xA;findElements()     # HTML elements on the page&#xA;findElement()      # HTML element on the page&#xA;getPageSource()    # HTML DOM code&#xA;close()            # Close window&#xA;quit()             # Close browser&#xA;&#xA;getWindowHandle()  # Used in switching window&#xA;getWindowHandles() # Used in switching windows&#xA;navigate()         # browser history&#xA;manage()           # options&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-10-24T18:59:39.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-10-24T19:19:37.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are some core Points which should be implemented for a successful project implementation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team strength of QA team should be increased to at least 3 resources if possible ( considering you have a team of 10 developers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that unit testing is performed by Dev before QA team proceed with testing activities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrange for a bi-weekly team meeting with Dev leads/Project PM to discuss the testing timelines and project deliverables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA team should work closely with BAs, Product team, the dev team &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA team should build a strong domain knowledge &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request the business team set the priority of test requirements based on business impact &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare test estimation matrix which could be re-used in every sprint/release &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Effective communication with Dev team and BAs is the key for successful project implementations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flag all QA related risks in the early phase of the project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22086" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:48:19.147" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:48:19.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18538" CreationDate="2016-10-25T04:23:22.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked as a single QA in a project team so I think I understand your situation (we followed Scrum principles though). There were advises to push your team towards Agile process which is good of course; however it is often not easy to organize other people, especially if you are not their manager :) Here are several steps you could take yourself in order to optimize the QA process on the early stage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to access all formal documentation or written requirements (it is unlikely that a product is developed without any of these). Ask your PM and your Team Lead about it. At least try to collect requirements via conversations while you are waiting for features to be deployed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try creating some documentation based on what you have collected. Why not develop some tech writing skills if you have time? They could serve you well in the future. You can also share this documentation with the team and discuss it. Might appear helpful for everyone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyze the requirements you have collected and try to make some assumptions about potential issues (e.g., this page contains a lot of input fields -&gt; high probability of input validation bugs; this page might be accessible to unauthorized users by direct link etc.). Share your assumptions with PM.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think about optimizing the requirements. E.g., some fields or buttons may be confusing for a user; may be duplicated in another place and therefore not needed; maybe conflicting with some other elements. Share your ideas with the team and discuss.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21186" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:48:31.817" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:48:31.817" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23306" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23313" CreationDate="2016-10-25T05:14:16.123" Score="1" ViewCount="2096" Body="&lt;p&gt;I installed Appium 1.6.0 on Mac OS 10.12 via 'sudo npm install -g appium' but it gave me an error when I launched the inspector. So I decided to reinstall it without sudo, since I read it might be the cause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I removed all the npm folders with 'rm -f -r' command, then reinstalled node.js, updated npm and trying to install Appium again, however this time it fails while installing chromedriver. Here's the log from terminal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo npm install -g appium&#xA;/usr/local/bin/appium -&amp;gt; /usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/build/lib/main.js&#xA;&#xA;appium-chromedriver@2.9.2 install /usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-chromedriver&#xA;node install-npm.js&#xA;&#xA;info Chromedriver Install Installing Chromedriver version '2.21' for platform 'mac' and architecture '32'&#xA;info Chromedriver Install Opening temp file to write chromedriver_mac32 to...&#xA;info Chromedriver Install Downloading http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.21/chromedriver_mac32.zip...&#xA;RequestError: Error: getaddrinfo ENOTFOUND chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com:80&#xA;    at new RequestError (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/request-promise/lib/errors.js:11:15)&#xA;    at Request.RP$callback [as _callback] (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/request-promise/lib/rp.js:60:32)&#xA;    at self.callback (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/request/request.js:187:22)&#xA;    at emitOne (events.js:77:13)&#xA;    at Request.emit (events.js:169:7)&#xA;    at Request.onRequestError (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/request/request.js:813:8)&#xA;    at emitOne (events.js:77:13)&#xA;    at ClientRequest.emit (events.js:169:7)&#xA;    at Socket.socketErrorListener (_http_client.js:269:9)&#xA;    at emitOne (events.js:77:13)&#xA;    at Socket.emit (events.js:169:7)&#xA;    at connectErrorNT (net.js:1012:8)&#xA;    at nextTickCallbackWith2Args (node.js:442:9)&#xA;    at process._tickCallback (node.js:356:17)&#xA;/usr/local/lib&#xA;└── (empty)&#xA;&#xA;npm ERR! Darwin 16.0.0&#xA;npm ERR! argv &quot;/usr/local/bin/node&quot; &quot;/usr/local/bin/npm&quot; &quot;install&quot; &quot;-g&quot; &quot;appium&quot;&#xA;npm ERR! node v4.6.1&#xA;npm ERR! npm  v3.10.9&#xA;npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE&#xA;&#xA;npm ERR! appium-chromedriver@2.9.2 install: `node install-npm.js`&#xA;npm ERR! Exit status 1&#xA;npm ERR! &#xA;npm ERR! Failed at the appium-chromedriver@2.9.2 install script 'node install-npm.js'.&#xA;npm ERR! Make sure you have the latest version of node.js and npm installed.&#xA;npm ERR! If you do, this is most likely a problem with the appium-chromedriver package,&#xA;npm ERR! not with npm itself.&#xA;npm ERR! Tell the author that this fails on your system:&#xA;npm ERR!     node install-npm.js&#xA;npm ERR! You can get information on how to open an issue for this project with:&#xA;npm ERR!     npm bugs appium-chromedriver&#xA;npm ERR! Or if that isn't available, you can get their info via:&#xA;npm ERR!     npm owner ls appium-chromedriver&#xA;npm ERR! There is likely additional logging output above.&#xA;&#xA;npm ERR! Please include the following file with any support request:&#xA;npm ERR!     /Users/sergei/npm-debug.log&#xA;npm ERR! code 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22093" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T09:29:35.527" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T19:42:13.200" Title="Not able to install appium with npm. Failed at the appium-chromedriver@2.9.2 install script 'node install-npm.js'" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23306" CreationDate="2016-10-25T07:45:05.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is quite likely that the connection quality may be causing this. You may want to consider changing the default values for npm's &lt;em&gt;retries, factor, minTimeout and maxTimeout&lt;/em&gt; options or try using a different network&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also check if you are able to download the jar manually&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;curl -L https://github.com/selendroid/selendroid/releases/download/0.17.0/selendroid-standalone-0.17.0-with-dependencies.jar &amp;gt; selendroid-server.jar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may refer the NPM documentation for making config changes here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://docs.npmjs.com/misc/config&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T07:45:05.317" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23309" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23310" CreationDate="2016-10-25T08:02:32.257" Score="1" ViewCount="649" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to integrate &lt;a href=&quot;http://cobertura.github.io/cobertura/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Cobertura&lt;/a&gt; in order to have reports for each build but I do not know what is the best place to integrated it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cobertura integration (for reports) should be integrated in &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SonarQube&lt;/a&gt; level?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8190" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T09:04:39.417" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T09:13:13.757" Title="Cobertura integration (for reports) should be integrated in Jenkins or SonarQube?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-10-25T12:49:22.233" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23309" CreationDate="2016-10-25T09:13:13.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;SonarQube only accepts processed data, so you have to generate the data while running tests with a build-server (Jenkins in your case).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.sonarqube.org/display/PLUG/Code+Coverage+by+Unit+Tests+for+Java+Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SonarQube code coverage documentation&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Java Plugin is going to reuse reports and not generate them, so&#xA;  before trying to configure your analysis to import these reports, you&#xA;  need to be sure they are correctly generated and not empty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The tests execution reports have to comply to the JUnit XML format.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The code coverage reports have to be generated by &lt;strong&gt;Cobertura&lt;/strong&gt;, or JaCoCo&#xA;  (details below).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might need to configure something on the SonarQube side to import the data, but it should be generated on the build-server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically the answer probably is that it should be integration in both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T09:13:13.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23306" CreationDate="2016-10-25T12:01:34.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So what I did was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;set proxies for ~/.npmrc:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;proxy=http://&amp;lt;DOMAIN\USERNAME&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PASSWORD&amp;gt;@&amp;lt;HOST&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PORT&amp;gt;/&#xA;https-proxy=http://&amp;lt;DOMAIN\USERNAME&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PASSWORD&amp;gt;@&amp;lt;HOST&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PORT&amp;gt;/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;set proxies for ~/.gitconfig:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[http]&#xA;        proxy = http://&amp;lt;DOMAIN\USERNAME&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PASSWORD&amp;gt;@&amp;lt;HOST&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PORT&amp;gt;/&#xA;[https]&#xA;        proxy = http://&amp;lt;DOMAIN\USERNAME&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PASSWORD&amp;gt;@&amp;lt;HOST&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PORT&amp;gt;/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then executed following commands in bash:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;export http_proxy=&quot;http://&amp;lt;DOMAIN\USERNAME&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PASSWORD&amp;gt;@&amp;lt;HOST&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PORT&amp;gt;/&quot;&#xA;export https_proxy=&quot;http://&amp;lt;DOMAIN\USERNAME&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PASSWORD&amp;gt;@&amp;lt;HOST&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;PORT&amp;gt;/&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;finally I executed the nmp install command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;npm install -g appium&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: don't forget to use escape characters if you have special characters in username and/or password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22093" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T12:01:34.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13836" CreationDate="2016-10-25T12:48:22.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had come across a similar issue . When I inspected the DOM for both List and Grid View , I found classes with the view name . I then asserted if the classes were present . This ensures the view is either grid view or list view &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22101" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T12:48:22.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23317" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23318" CreationDate="2016-10-25T13:52:00.073" Score="32" ViewCount="7912" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working as a QA in our 9 developer team for about a year. Had lots of 'firsts' within the year between personal and professional life. I replaced a QA who only did manual testing and unfortunately, no test cases were left for me to study, and no requirements either. All in all, I had to lean on exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I have started a QA process (for me and for the team as well), built the bug process as well (they didn't have this process in place), and started to create test cases according to the developers' stories/users' stories and the product backlog items that were recorded in TFS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They hired me to eventually help them do the automation. And now, the time has come. I have built an automation library of classes using &lt;code&gt;C#&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Selenium Webdriver&lt;/code&gt;. I have designed my tests using Page Object Model. Then I presented the sample tests to my boss. My boss asked me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;What is the concept? If this may take time for you to create, I guess we will just move on to manual testing. I don't really get the concept.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though he said I can continue doing my scripting while I am on my downtime since I don't have anything to test. It took me about 3 months (within those months I was also doing manual testing and at the same time learning &#xA;&lt;code&gt;C#&lt;/code&gt; all over again since I haven't done programming in one decade). I told him this is very helpful with my regression/cross browser testing since we need to test it in Safari. But he still won't get it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have about 15 apps to test and counting. Since I have these apps to test one at a time, I need to execute automation testing on the side while manually testing the new features of the other app. He said, &quot;I still don't get it&quot;. I felt disappointed and somewhat demotivated with the automation testing I should be doing but at the same time, I need to move on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is how do I convince someone who doesn't have any idea of how automation tests work and how helpful this is to an organization?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-05-14T11:59:07.427" LastActivityDate="2020-05-14T11:59:07.427" Title="How to explain the concept of test automation to a team that only knows manual testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-25T13:57:29.433" Score="30" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Measure it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pick a test area, measure how long it takes to test manually, then measure how long it takes to test with automation and how long you spend maintaining your automation.  (There are other things you could try to measure too, e.g. bugs found manually vs with automation, but they can be hard to quantify.)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If automation is better, you'll have numbers to prove it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:40:30.507" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T12:40:30.507" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-25T14:34:26.643" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems that your boss (correctly) understands that &lt;strong&gt;to write automated test takes longer that perform the same test manually once,&lt;/strong&gt; and is concerned that you will spend so much time automating you will not have time to do manual/exploratory testing. Tests are code too and needs to be maintained too, adapting them to the changes in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Value in automated test is NOT in the testing the app first time around, but in cheap regression testing&lt;/strong&gt;. Unlikely you will have resources to automate 100% of your testing. But you could automate 10-20% of the most common functionality, and keep manual testing the rest. And if you have resources, add more. Of course, some functionality has to be retested many times even during developing the first deployable version, focus automation on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measure how much time you would spend to manually test the parts what you already automated.&lt;/strong&gt; This is time saved. Time is money. For as many weeks as your application will be continued to be developed, your automated test will be saving this money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another benefit of having the automated tests is that &lt;strong&gt;humans can focus on more interesting manual exploratory testing.&lt;/strong&gt; It is hard to hire people repeating the same boring manual test week after week. And such skull-numbing drudgery will not be high quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other side of this coin is: if you are creating app for someone else (your company will NOT be paid to maintain it long-term), and your contract does not require a battery of automated tests, you can still deliver tests what you have (showing your professionalism and competence), but your boss will not like if you spend too much time on something customer does not value. Minimal automated tests to allow pass the product to the customer should be enough. Then, it is up to the customer who will be maintaining the code to decide if they want to make changes in the code and how to deal with regression testing - like expanding on your tests. All depends on what deliverable is specified in the contract.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not mention it to your boss, but there is &lt;strong&gt;another benefit to automation: you are learning new skill and making yourself more valuable.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T16:52:10.643" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T16:52:10.643" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-25T15:09:06.303" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;Proving the ROI of automated testing is hard. Teams that do refactoring to keep code lean and mean do have a high demand for test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Watch &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/episode/clean-code-episode-1/show&quot;&gt;the first episode of Clean Code&lt;/a&gt;, it will give you and your boss insights about why projects slow down and how &lt;em&gt;bad code&lt;/em&gt; can even kill companies. His solution, CleanCode! and clean code is well written code with automated test coverage. (Uncle Bob is a bit of weird guy, but take the time to get used to his act, i think its worth it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be most effective as a test engineer you either focus on automated or manual testing, not both. I have tried and failed...as have others (some guy at Groupon admitted this at an event). In your case 9 developers and 15 applications, you will never keep up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead I would focus on teaching developers how-to test automated. For them its just more code. :) The goal is to go faster on the long-run. To achieve this you need to be able to refactor the code to be understandable, maintainable and testable. To be able to refactor you need lots of automated tests. Most of these tests should be unit-tests and not just functional tests as you are focusing on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look to run Coding Dojo's to introduce developers to automated testing of their code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/ebdojo/the-coding-dojo-handbook&quot;&gt;https://pragprog.com/book/ebdojo/the-coding-dojo-handbook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/the-coding-dojo&quot;&gt;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/the-coding-dojo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find a good balance between where you put your automated testing efforts, focusing only on Selenium tests will certainly be a waste of time. They are expensive to develop, slow to run and they will break often (high maintenance costs). Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot;&gt;this article about the Test Pyramid&lt;/a&gt;, don't just rely on end-to-end tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T19:38:39.993" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T19:38:39.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-25T16:26:43.627" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me preface it that I am a huge fan of automatic testing, or rather BDD/FDD, which means that writing the tests is integral part of the development. So I feel your pain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You better make sure that what you are intending to implement is &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; appropriate for this particular company. You say there are 15 apps to test, and additional ones are coming in. You don't tell us how much change there is in the old apps, how complex they are, how critical they are, and all that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My question is how do I convince someone who doesn't have any idea of how automation tests work and how helpful this is to an organization?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A pragmatic/diplomatic approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you are more successful by implementing automated tests for the &lt;em&gt;new&lt;/em&gt; apps only, for the time being, and leaving the old ones alone. Adding tests to existing apps is hard from a business point of view as it's just burned money (seemingly, I know, but that is what your boss will believe).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would likely try to sit down with the developers of the new apps and try to steer them into BDD/FDD. This means that &lt;em&gt;they&lt;/em&gt; do the bulk of the work for getting good tests. If all goes well, their overhead will not be drastically higher, and they will put you out of your misery of having to test manually. If you do it right, they will &lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt; to implement their apps in this way, in the future, because of many benefits, especially psychological ones (e.g., removing the fear factor from refactoring).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After everyone is used to this, you can at some point go back to the old apps and infuse some measure of automated tests there as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18172" LastEditorUserId="18172" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T09:51:11.967" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T09:51:11.967" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23342" CreationDate="2016-10-25T16:34:16.410" Score="1" ViewCount="12140" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good Afternoon All,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am creating a testing framework for a web app utilizing Selenium Web Driver and Visual Studio by way of C#. I have created a solution that includes two projects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first project is the the test framework which includes the Selenium Web Driver by way of NuGet and the Selenium Support file as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second project included in the solution is the series of tests that will be run against the framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am doing this this way to create an abstraction layer between the tests and the  web driver. I have included a reference to the test framework in the second project to ensure that I can access the framework from the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issue is that whenever I try to run my tests (the second project) I receive an error stating that &lt;code&gt;&quot;OpenQA.Selenium.DriverServiceNotFoundException: The geckodriver.exe file does not exist in the current directory or in a directory on the PATH environment variable.&lt;/code&gt; I can resolve this issue by placing the &lt;code&gt;geckodriver.exe&lt;/code&gt; file in the &lt;code&gt;bin&lt;/code&gt; for this project however this defeats the entire purpose of having two projects. I am using this two project model to keep all traces of selenium out of my tests and only have my framework interact with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was my understanding that as my framework is the only place selenium commands are actually being fired off only my framework needed the drivers in its bin folder? Can someone confirm or deny this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23156" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2019-06-27T15:36:08.057" LastActivityDate="2021-05-25T10:45:41.330" Title="Selenium Driver Service Not Found Exception" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2016-10-25T17:06:03.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you would love to automate testing of REST API then Rest Assured is the best JAVA library that you can opt for. You can create Page Object Models and make it a part of your existing UI Testing Framework too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the official guide for the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/wiki/GettingStarted&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;rest-assured/rest-assured&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also follow the step by step tutorial which I have created for REST Assured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://restservicestesting.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Testing Rest Services using Rest Assured&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ashwin Karangutkar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22107" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T17:06:03.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23324" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-25T18:06:26.290" Score="0" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running my Jmx scripts on stage server. Before I could find out benchmark it breaks the (server goes down) server. I have to restart it and then start again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is their a way, I can monitor and stop the scripts manually before it breaks the server?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also in what terms/keywords/jmeter-jargons I can answer to client that your server can sustain this much load and beyond that it would break?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Laptop info:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   Operating System: Windows 7 Professional 64-bit (6.1, Build 7601) Service Pack 1 (7601.win7sp1_gdr.150202-1526)&#xA;           Language: English (Regional Setting: English)&#xA;               BIOS: BIOS Date: 08/18/15 02:15:18 Ver: A07.00 &#xA;          Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-5200U CPU @ 2.20GHz (4 CPUs), ~2.2GHz&#xA;             Memory: 8192MB RAM&#xA;Available OS Memory: 8096MB RAM&#xA;          Page File: 9754MB used, 6436MB available&#xA;        Windows Dir: C:\Windows&#xA;    DirectX Version: DirectX 11&#xA;DX Setup Parameters: Not found&#xA;   User DPI Setting: Using System DPI&#xA; System DPI Setting: 96 DPI (100 percent)&#xA;    DWM DPI Scaling: Disabled&#xA;     DxDiag Version: 6.01.7601.17514 32bit Unicode&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T20:27:09.800" Title="Jmeter scripts putting my stage server down" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-25T19:41:32.367" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this feeling your boss is not into programming, so it is kind of hard to pass on an abstract concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One key argument you can pull off from your situation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I replaced a QA who only did manual testing and unfortunately, no test cases were left for me to study, and no requirements as well. All in all I had to lean on to exploratory testing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; When a tester leaves, all of his / her knowledge leaves with them. Have someone start fresh consumes a company money and time. If someone had left automated regression tests, knowledge transfer would have been easier and time and money would have been saved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Occasionally, you can not pass onto ideas to others. I remember once I presented a tool to a manager and he brushed it off without even looking at the results. If you feel like you have tried everything but your boss still does not listen, there is only so much you can do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T21:08:34.583" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T21:08:34.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23324" CreationDate="2016-10-25T20:27:09.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't run application under test and JMeter on the same machine to avoid the mutual interference, JMeter load test is quite &quot;heavy&quot; operation itself and in case of hardware resources lack you won't be able to tell for sure what processes are to blame. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't try to overwhelm the server from the very beginning, start with simulating anticipated number of real users. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#sizing_threads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Use the correct Number of Threads&lt;/a&gt; chapter for detailed explanation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Increase your load &lt;strong&gt;gradually&lt;/strong&gt;. If you kick off all the virtual users at the same time you may run into the situation when your application stops responding and you don't know what is the maximum amount of virtual users it may handle while providing reasonable response time and what are the trends. So consider using reasonable ramp-up period. As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/test_plan.html#thread_group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ramp-up needs to be long enough to avoid too large a work-load at the start of a test, and short enough that the last threads start running before the first ones finish (unless one wants that to happen).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Start with Ramp-up = number of threads and adjust up or down as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget about simulating &quot;think times&quot;. Real users don't hammer the server non-stop, they need some time to &quot;think&quot; between operations. Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#timers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Timers&lt;/a&gt; to mimic it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always monitor baseline OS metrics i.e. usage of CPU, Ram, paging file, network bandwidth and disk input/output counters. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;How to Monitor Your Server Health &amp;amp; Performance During a JMeter Load Test&lt;/a&gt; to learn how you can measure the impact of your load test on the server hardware components.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T20:27:09.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23327" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-25T20:39:02.310" Score="1" ViewCount="1766" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any standards in Software Performance testing?&#xA;Have found subsubsection about performance in ISO 29119-4. Is it all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a single document written entirely about performance testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-------------------- added ---------------------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's highly recommended for my bachelor thesis(load/performance-testing of distributed web-application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22113" LastEditorUserId="22113" LastEditDate="2016-10-25T21:49:10.080" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T11:48:43.697" Title="Is there any standards in Software Performance testing?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-10-28T09:59:56.987" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23327" CreationDate="2016-10-25T21:17:57.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard to adhere to a single standard as software performance testing has to be tailored to their contextual environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software performance testing has relatively &lt;strong&gt;vague&lt;/strong&gt; requirements, as performance testing does NOT target functional quality, instead, it targets software's structural quality. For example, we use performance testing measure efficiency, execution time, response time, loading time and etc. It is not possible to come up with a universal standard that applies to all software products; you will need to coordinate with your BA, BO and devs on specifics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depends on what exactly you are looking for from a standard, without specifics, I can not provide detailed info. If you want, you can tell us more about your project and we may be able to help you with more on performance testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article is worth reading. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_performance_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Performance testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-25T21:17:57.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23327" CreationDate="2016-10-26T06:06:38.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My opinion is when you are doing a performance test you have to make a base line.&#xA;eg: performance at the home page load took 5 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So after having a discussion with the PM or the developer or the client try to come up with a base line value where it should take to load the home page.May be  4 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then at the 2nd time you do the same performance test try to hit the base line value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So obviously you and your team will create a standard for performance for the Home page loading time which was 4 or less seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T06:06:38.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-26T10:11:50.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to step back and consider the bigger picture. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bigger picture is called DevOps. DevOps is not something one person does while everyone else carries on as before. DevOps is a holistic cultural change, a paradigm shift in the mind-set. So how do you win hearts and minds? You need to sell the benefits to all the stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The business need to see the impact on the bottom line. The value of automated testing lies in regression testing. Developers tend to test only the thing they’ve implemented. That’s fine if the thing is a new thing but very often the thing is an old thing and any changes to it can have unforeseen consequences. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated regression testing means being sure that what gets released into production is as fit for purpose as what’s already in production. Quote Samsung as an example of what happens when a release goes wrong. Now, offer management a way to reduce testing and their kneejerk reaction is to assume they’ll need fewer people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not so. DevOps is Lean for IT. The object is to reduce lead times to free people to pursue added value. Both management and developers need to understand that automated testing does not mean people are out of a job but rather that they’re now free to pursue those blue sky projects they’ve been putting off, those product enhancing features that add value to both the business offering and the developers’ skillset: it’s boring testing v’s exciting development, hidden factory v’s adding value. The biggest obstacle you might face is if that manager you’re trying to sell this to sees manual testing team as the only reason his job exists. Buy that manager a copy of The Phoenix Project. Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22127" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T19:27:23.097" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T19:27:23.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23334" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23343" CreationDate="2016-10-26T11:24:11.040" Score="0" ViewCount="2922" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm familiar with user defined variables in jmeter &amp;amp; have it setup to provide a random email address using;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__V(${__RandomString(10,abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz,)}${__Random(1,10000,)}@aol.com)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When running this in a test of 100 threads however I'm seeing the exact same email address being used in post data which is causing errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've got jmeter set to save cookies, but the cookie manager set to clear on each iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do the user defined variables actually work? Does each get a value set per iteration? My thread group is setup for 100 threads, so I expected that to create 100 random email addresses based on the above definition of an email address.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4924" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:07:43.793" Title="Random email address for each thread" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2016-10-26T11:28:45.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Command-line tools for functional tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;curl command line tool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI-based for functional tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/postman/fhbjgbiflinjbdggehcddcbncdddomop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt; Web browser add-on &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;SOAP UI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java libraries for functional testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rest-assured.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;REST-assured&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://square.github.io/retrofit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Retrofit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T11:28:45.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23327" CreationDate="2016-10-26T11:48:43.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many references about performance testing. The ones referenced in the wiki page Yu Zhang linked are a good starting place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are no set standards for performance testing for the same reason there are no set standards for any other type of testing, ISO notwithstanding. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason there are no set standards is that what is acceptable for one application could be exemplary for a second application and inadequate for a third.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the general principles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Determine/verify acceptable performance under expected load&lt;/strong&gt; - If you expect your eCommerce application to receive between 5 and 100 unique visitors per hour, you will want to craft your performance testing to ensure that no information is lost and no errors occur with 100 unique visitors per hour browsing the application and making orders.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Determine breaking point(s)&lt;/strong&gt; - This goes hand-in-hand with performance under expected load. You want your application's breaking point(s) to be significantly higher than the expected load.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Locate and eliminate bottlenecks&lt;/strong&gt; - You will want to eliminate any choke points in your application. That can't be done without knowing what and where they are. I have seen a system where the web application, the database, and the back end application were all performing without issues under load, but the service used to transfer data between the web application and the back end application started losing data when more than 200 requests were pending (this corresponded to more than 200 requests per second). That service had to be rewritten to support more traffic or during peak traffic it would lose data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Determine baseline standards&lt;/strong&gt; - You need to know the application's performance profile, or you will be unable to determine whether changes have improved or degraded performance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of these are absolutes: a missile guidance system will have different performance requirements than an eCommerce site, which in turn will have different performance requirements than a multiplayer game. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T11:48:43.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-26T12:01:42.917" Score="0" ViewCount="4299" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting following error when run my selenium webdriver program using testNG (Using Eclipse Kepler service release 2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Cannot instantiate class TestNG.TestNGClass&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:40)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance1(ClassHelper.java:373)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance(ClassHelper.java:285)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getDefaultInstance(ClassImpl.java:126)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getInstances(ClassImpl.java:191)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestClass.getInstances(TestClass.java:104)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestClass.initTestClassesAndInstances(TestClass.java:90)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestClass.init(TestClass.java:82)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestClass.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestClass.java:45)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.initMethods(TestRunner.java:422)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:252)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:222)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestRunner.java:171)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.support.RemoteTestNG6_9_10$1.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG6_9_10.java:28)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.support.RemoteTestNG6_9_10$DelegatingTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG6_9_10.java:61)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner$ProxyTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(SuiteRunner.java:604)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.init(SuiteRunner.java:170)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(SuiteRunner.java:117)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunner(TestNG.java:1359)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunners(TestNG.java:1346)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1200)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1124)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1096)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:236)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:81)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:29)&#xA;    ... 25 more&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.gecko.driver system property; for more information, see https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver. The latest version can be downloaded from https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&#xA;    at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState(Preconditions.java:199)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.findExecutable(DriverService.java:109)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService.access$000(GeckoDriverService.java:37)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService$Builder.findDefaultExecutable(GeckoDriverService.java:95)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:296)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.createCommandExecutor(FirefoxDriver.java:277)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:247)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:242)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:238)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:127)&#xA;    at TestNG.TestNGClass.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestNGClass.java:15)&#xA;    ... 30 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the Java program&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package TestNG;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestNGClass&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;   @BeforeTest&#xA;   public void launchapp()&#xA;   {&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;Before test&quot;);&#xA;       // Puts an Implicit wait, Will wait for 10 seconds before throwing exception&#xA;&#xA;      driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;      // Launch website&#xA;      driver.navigate().to(&quot;http://www.calculator.net&quot;);&#xA;      driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;   }&#xA;   @Test&#xA;   public void calculatepercent()&#xA;   {&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;Starting calculator percent&quot;);&#xA;       // Click on Math Calculators&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='menu']/div[3]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;      // Click on Percent Calculators&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='menu']/div[4]/div[3]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;      // Enter value 10 in the first number of the percent Calculator&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;cpar1&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;10&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;      // Enter value 50 in the second number of the percent Calculator&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;cpar2&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;50&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;      // Click Calculate Button&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='content']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/input&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;      // Get the Result Text based on its xpath&#xA;      String result = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='content']/p[2]/span/font/b&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&#xA;      // Print a Log In message to the screen&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot; The Result is &quot; + result);&#xA;&#xA;      if(result.equals(&quot;5&quot;))&#xA;      {&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot; The Result is Pass&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;      else&#xA;      {&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot; The Result is Fail&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;   }&#xA;   @AfterTest&#xA;   public void terminatetest()&#xA;   {&#xA;      driver.close();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is the XML file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;TestNG.TestNGClass&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Suite --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22132" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T12:29:02.540" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T17:28:25.573" Title="TestNG +Selenium : How to resolve exception: &quot;java.lang.IllegalStateException&quot;?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-26T12:23:35.603" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is - unfortunately - not rare. (The tl;dr version is at the bottom of the answer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually explain it this way: suppose you have an application that does one thing. You add a second feature. Now you have an application that does two things, but to test it, you have to test it &lt;em&gt;at least&lt;/em&gt; four ways: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 1 only&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 2 only&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 1 then function 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 2 then function 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you add function 3. You need to repeat your four tests, then add &lt;em&gt;at least&lt;/em&gt; these new tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 3 only&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 3 then 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 3 then 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 1 then 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 1 then 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 1, 2, 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 1, 3, 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 2, 1, 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 2, 3, 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 3, 1, 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function 3, 2, 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that doesn't include repeating functions (like 3, 3, 1, 2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What happens is that the amount of time needed to do thorough manual regression increases exponentially with each new addition. The same thing happens with each new configuration flag: one on-off configuration flag requires 2 sets of tests. Two independent on-off flags require 4 sets of tests. Three such flags, 8 sets of tests. And so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it takes an hour to test each feature per configuration flag, your manual test time quickly becomes unworkable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if it takes say, 2 hours per application of manual regression each release, and releases occur on average once a month per application, for 16 applications that's 32 hours of manual regression per month - almost a quarter of your working time - except that next month, it will take longer because there's more to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can automate the regression - let's suppose it takes you 40 hours to build a working framework that's reasonably DRY and then you can add new feature regression in 2 hours per feature. Suppose the tests take an hour to run, and maintenance is about an hour per week. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you run that suite nightly, you're covering 32 hours manual work in an hour. Over a week of regression runs, you've more than recovered the time needed to create the test framework, &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; you're catching regression bugs within a day of them being introduced - which means there are fewer problems going to customers. That saves money and builds customer goodwill. It also gives you more time to spend on exploratory testing, which means new features will be better tested and more stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;Once you have automated regression testing in place, you will find regression bugs sooner. The ROI is a mix of fewer bugs reaching the customer, greater customer goodwill towards the company, and better use of your testing time.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T12:23:35.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23341" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23366" CreationDate="2016-10-26T12:49:43.737" Score="1" ViewCount="245" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked to join a new project where the key objectives are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increase throughput and increase the quality of testing – will contribute to faster delivery of working software i.e. Agile WoW.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automate testing in order to increase throughput in the software development life cycle (SDLC).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the development of a big project takes the development team 24 months to deliver for testing, and the QA test team takes 4 weeks to sign off, how can it possibly help the development team in delivering more software if the 4 week testing process is improved?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to figure out a way to motivate why our focus should rather be improving the efficiency of the development team because it would be easier to reduce the 24 months, than it would be to reduce the 4 weeks in QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22134" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T19:11:58.973" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T12:21:09.647" Title="How can QA regression test automation increase software development output?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23322" CreationDate="2016-10-26T13:39:38.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When your solution searches for the driver, it is looking in the bin path of whichever project is triggering it. Sadly, this means that your second solution will require the binary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other ways, you can use a configuration to tell it where to look for the binary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome and Internet Explorer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driver = new ChromeDriver(pathToBinary);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/Chrome/ChromeDriver.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(pathToBinary);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/IE/InternetExplorerDriver.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driverService = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(pathToBinary);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/Firefox/FirefoxDriverService.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new FirefoxDriver(driverService);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/Firefox/FirefoxDriver.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd personally use a configuration file for the path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[binaryPath]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then I use a tag in the test case to tell it what Binary to pull from the Config file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestFixture(typeof(FirefoxDriver), &amp;quot;FirefoxPath&amp;quot;)]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2021-05-25T10:45:41.330" LastActivityDate="2021-05-25T10:45:41.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23334" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:07:43.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#User_Defined_Variables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Defined Variables&lt;/a&gt; documentation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The User Defined Variables element lets you define an initial set of variables, just as in the Test Plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note that all the UDV elements in a test plan - no matter where they are - are processed at the start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you put above expression into the User Defined Variables it is evaluated &lt;strong&gt;only once&lt;/strong&gt;, so the options are in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider switching to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#User_Parameters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;User Parameters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the above functions combination directly where it is required, &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733749-Using-JMeter-Functions-Part-I&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Functions can be used anywhere in the test plan&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:07:43.793" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23341" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:28:17.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;usually adding automation can-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;improve test coverage, although it might suffer from the Pesticide Paradox testing the same paths again and again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;related to the above it will free up testers time to do more un-scripted exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;bring quality closer to the developers and provide faster feedback loops, especially if you work in an iterative way (e.g. Agile, Scrum or just short-ish cycles).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;greatly improve scalability, you can test more versions, more products etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand test automation doesn't come free, many times you need to invest in test automation the same effort as in the product itself including ongoing maintenance and the Pesticide Paradox, or just not being able to cover enough, will annoy your stakeholders since they will still see bugs being discovered after testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your question about shortening development- you probably can't, but you will be able to improve quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:28:17.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23341" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:48:04.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would assume that with agile process, QA team collaborates with developers during whole 24 months of development, not only during last 4 weeks. I also assume developers have comprehensive unit tests - if not, all hope is lost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How such collaboration can improve output?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA can read requirements (as second set of eyes) and design rests to make sure requirements are met.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA will develop automated tests for partially finished features, and test them as they are completed. This (and unit tests) allows developers to &lt;em&gt;refactor rest of the system&lt;/em&gt; as user's understanding of the system (and requirements) change during the development.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Failed tests allows developers to identify suspected code faster 9most recent additions are most suspect).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So when final version is developed in 24 months, most of the system was comprehensively tested, and only most recent additions are vulnerable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, for most companies, developing first version of the system is just that - first version. It &lt;em&gt;IS&lt;/em&gt; very expensive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does your company plan to continue developing next version (and you better have good regression tests), or your plans is to deliver the source code to someone and forget about it? If so, any tests above the requirements are waste of time, obviously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Savings from testing are in making &lt;em&gt;following development and refactoring&lt;/em&gt; faster and cheaper. If you &quot;code and forget&quot;, your approach might be very different: hire a Perl wizard and pray. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T14:48:04.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23346" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-26T14:53:26.777" Score="1" ViewCount="1266" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to perform load testing of java swing application. So there should be imitation of simultaneous actions on N instances of this application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to do it with &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/jmeter&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;jmeter&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;jmeter&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have doubts because of this statement in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/intro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Jmeter introduction&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;please note that JMeter is not a browser, it works at protocol level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does &lt;code&gt;it works at protocol level&lt;/code&gt; means that it will not work with swing app as a common functional testing tool e.g. UFT?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should load testing be like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define requests that are sent from application to server (with e.g. JMeter Proxy Recorder, but application uses &lt;code&gt;t3&lt;/code&gt; protocol of weblogic server so guess it is not applicable here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up Jmeter to send this requests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-10-26T15:50:01.707" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T04:35:15.920" Title="Is it possible to do load testing of java swing application with Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;java-gui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-26T19:13:16.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are too many variables in order to answer your question properly.  Anyone answering can only give advice and opinions.  In order to give a proper answer, we would need to understand a few more facts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;complexity of product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;software development life cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stability and predictability of product changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The traditional sense of automation as a tool to avoid lots of manual testing isn't a good selling feature.  Manual and exploratory type testing will always find odd bugs that automation won't find.  The value from automation finding odd regression in an edge case that popped up once in 6 months is nice, but usually not worth the effort to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, the best way i've seen automation prove useful to managers, executives and development teams is when automation is an internal product and part of the development tools and process in a continuous integration/continuous delivery type environment. Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://cqaa.org/Resources/Documents/Presentations%202014/CQAA%20Meeting_TestOps_November2014_v1.2.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this testops PDF&lt;/a&gt; to get a good picture of how it could work and how to explain to your boss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firstly, Unit and integration tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;should be automated, maintained and integrated into tools by the development teams.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Secondly, Development team system tests&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;also integrated into build tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA/TestOps/Automation teams should be part of the development teams to&#xA;create frameworks and tools for the development teams to use as a system testing framework to test functionality that can't be covered within unit and integration testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;working within the development team and closely tied to product managers, create a test plan to automatically test the main functionalities and key use cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, you get an artifact that has a proven quality and will not waste a manual testers time by installing, configuring and using a broken product.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Eventually a good goal is to create a rule that development teams own their end to end quality.  This will push the maintenance of automated framework items like selenium page objects, api calls, etc earlier in the software development life cycle and encourage confidence in quality company wide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22139" LastActivityDate="2016-10-26T19:13:16.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23349" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23351" CreationDate="2016-10-26T22:55:36.733" Score="1" ViewCount="770" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question regards best practice. I am building an automated testing framework using Selenium WebDriver and Visual Studio with C#. I am using TFS to check my project in to however I am running in to problems with checking in the browser drivers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browser drivers usually reside in the bin folder of a project however TFS excludes the bin folder by default as it contains files that are manually created for the project on each persons computer who checks it out. My question is, short of checking the bin folder in for my project, what is the best practice to ensure that when users check my project out of TFS they are receiving both the project source and the browser drivers required to make the selenium tests run?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought I might add a little more regarding my current issue. I am developing a software testing framework utilizing Selenium WebDriver. I am utilizing C# and as such am using Visual Studio. My solution structure is as follows: I have two projects in my solution, a class library consisting of my testing framework (which includes Selenium WebDriver and the WebDriver support Nuget packages) and a unit test project. My unit test project references my testing framework project so that the classes I write in it can be utilized in the unit tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of my Selenium code is handled in the framework project so that there is a level of abstraction between the tests that are written and the selenium code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have found that despite the fact that Selenium code is handled in the framework project the browser drivers need to be stored in the unit test project for the tests to work properly (As was determined in this Q&amp;amp;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/23322/selenium-driver-service-not-found-exception&quot;&gt;Question&lt;/a&gt; )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23156" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T12:36:19.873" Title="How to include Selenium browser drivers in TFS" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23346" CreationDate="2016-10-27T03:17:57.087" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;From Apache JMeter's website we get this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ability to load and performance test many different server/protocol&#xA;  types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Web - HTTP, HTTPS&#xA;SOAP / REST&#xA;FTP&#xA;Database via JDBC&#xA;LDAP&#xA;Message-oriented middleware (MOM) via JMS&#xA;Mail - SMTP(S), POP3(S) and IMAP(S)&#xA;Native commands or shell scripts&#xA;TCP&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm guessing you can't use it to load test Swing Application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application makes HTTP(s) requests to a remote server, you can get help from your development team to collect all such requests and then use JMeter to generate load for those requests!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T03:17:57.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23349" CreationDate="2016-10-27T03:23:42.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try creating a folder named &quot;WebDrivers&quot; at the root folder of your project.&#xA;Update your driver path at the code by relative path. (eg: &lt;code&gt;&quot;./WebDrivers&quot;&lt;/code&gt;)&#xA;Then check in that folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should check in the newly created folder. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T03:23:42.370" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-27T04:02:23.653" Score="1" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on automation project for ecommerce site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I usually run a mass checkout on production after each release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Place &lt;strong&gt;1000&lt;/strong&gt; orders&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;Cash-On-Delivery&lt;/strong&gt; method&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a &lt;strong&gt;test account&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But some countries (e.g Singapore) don't prefer Cash-On-Delivery so most of their products do not accept this method. And of course I cannot access production database to make a query :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is their anyway to use Credit Card for testing purpose on production ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T08:33:22.387" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T11:31:11.517" Title="Credit Card Testing on prodution" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23346" CreationDate="2016-10-27T04:35:15.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter doesn't mimic any UI actions so you won't be able to interact with Swing UI (at least not more than in 1 thread) so in fact you have 2 options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;T3 protocol is just a subset of &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/rmi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Java RMI&lt;/a&gt; protocol which in its turn using &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;TCP&lt;/a&gt; transport.So if you need to &quot;record and replay&quot; the T3 network activity you could use a sniffer tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wireshark.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wireshark&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#TCP_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter's TCP Sampler&lt;/a&gt;. Also as far as I recall &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt; tool comes with TCP proxy so you can consider changing the load testing tool if you decide to go the &quot;record-and-replay&quot; way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A &quot;smarter&quot; approach would be replicating your desktop application functionality using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/beanshell-vs-jsr223-vs-java-jmeter-scripting-its-performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JSR223 Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your application librarie(s) (if you drop it (them) to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#classpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;JMeter Classpath&lt;/a&gt; you will be able to access your application API from JSR223 Test Elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebLogic T3 standalong client library, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E24329_01/web.1211/e24378/wlthint3client.htm#SACLT380&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Developing a WebLogic Thin T3 Client&lt;/a&gt; for more details. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T04:35:15.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23355" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23356" CreationDate="2016-10-27T06:19:56.850" Score="6" ViewCount="734" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run Linux on my development machine, so when it comes to ensuring my site works on Internet Explorer and Edge, I use the following temporary virtual machines (which expire after 90 days of use): &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/tools/vms/&quot;&gt;https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/tools/vms/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, is it necessary to test the same browser on different operating systems. For example, is it necessary to test a site on Internet explorer version 11 running on Windows 7 as well as Windows 8?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently i've simply downloaded the Windows 10 VM which has Edge and Internet explorer 11 on it. Is it therefore necessary to download virtual machines for Windows 7 and 8 to once again test the same version of Internet explorer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22149" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T21:53:36.823" Title="Is it necessary to test the same browser on different OS's?" Tags="&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23355" CreationDate="2016-10-27T06:34:39.297" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually rendering elements in a webpage/application and the webpage/application itself depends a lot on the environment it is being accessed. The environment includes, the OS, Browser, any plugins in the browser, the device screen size, the interface mode of the device, the technology you used to create the webpage/application and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the webpage you are testing has some element(s) that are dependent on OS and act differently on different OS, then yes, you should test it with same browser version on different OS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IF you have enough time to testing it on so many different&#xA;combinations of browser and OS, then yes, you should. Otherwise,&#xA;shortlist few highly used/recommended combinations and test on those.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is specifically required of you to test it like that, then yes,&#xA;you should.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I'm sure there are many more such reasons that people can come up with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the requirements of the webpage/application and the support your team provides you can make a list of Browser-OS-Device combinations and test on those!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T06:34:39.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23355" CreationDate="2016-10-27T06:57:04.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your web page viewers profile. what percentage using Firefox,IE,Safari...What percentage using Windows,Mac OS then you can prioritize your tasks and your focus..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance %80 percentage of views using Mac OS and you are testing on Windows there will be some defects for sure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All in all, analyze your viewers first then decide what to focus while test your product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T06:57:04.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23355" CreationDate="2016-10-27T07:35:56.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is all about risk vs reward in this case, can I take the chance of skipping testing on certain platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The risk assessment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First I would make sure that my current key features work on each version of Windows and the same browser. Now if are no difference I think I can decide that the risk of issues between different operating versions are unlikely, because if there where differences I would found them by now. With a bit of luck you now have only one Windows version to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I would want to know how large my user-base is on these platforms. I would test the operating most used by my users. This makes sure that when something does go wrong at-least only a small group has issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also research possible difference between the operating systems that might give issues. Examples could be different default fonts and font-sizes. Border sizes of windows that could lead to small parts to be cut off the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do a risk analyses.. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Years of experience says that I haven't run into any really critical difference that blocked users from working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T07:35:56.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23360" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-27T09:11:56.063" Score="2" ViewCount="12011" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to verify a response message of Jmeter request with value stored in CSV file, for particular response message I need to read from nth cell(for ex 10ht row) 5th column data and need to verify with actual response message. How can I do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22152" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T09:35:47.843" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T06:22:12.117" Title="How to read a particular row/cell data of csv into a variable in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23352" CreationDate="2016-10-27T09:54:27.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am little doubtful about whether this scenario can be automated. I will first answer about Credit card testing on production environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;iOS:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you are testing for iOS, You need to configure the sandbox account.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sandbox provides virtual but secure test environment for real life scenarios for purchase.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Android:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When it come to android app, there is no provision like Sandbox as per my knowledge&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You need to crosscheck using test credit cards but only till payment. It also have few limitations&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We can not checkout 100% end use customer scenario&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Should we automate scenarios like checkout?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There might be different opinions. But we could prefer automate those scenarios which will keep user in our/targeted app&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this checkout process, there will be few alerts or pop-ups and screens which might belongs to other app or outside our targeted app&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We have limitations of getting access to those elements to control &amp;amp; perform action using our framework. Would be great to test these scenarios manually.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T09:54:27.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23339" CreationDate="2016-10-27T10:10:57.980" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exception: &quot;java.lang.IllegalStateException&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This exception is especially useful when your class has some state (state machine?) that changes over time, making some methods irrelevant&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is generally the exception to throw if the invocation is illegal because of the state of the receiving object. For example, this would be the exception to throw if the caller attempted to use some object before it had been properly initialized.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T10:21:20.273" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T10:21:20.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23352" CreationDate="2016-10-27T11:31:11.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your application's payment provider. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some providers have a set of designated test credit card numbers that you can use against their production gateway. These will process as though they are normal credit cards but no actual payments will be made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others have a test gateway that you can connect to and run all your tests against. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others will provide you with a simulator to connect to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the latter two cases you would be testing in production prior to taking the application fully live by switching to the production payment gateway. In the first case, you'd be testing live in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other factors I've run into with testing payment gateways and applications that use them: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Payment gateways that allow test card numbers are rare. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing gateways are not necessarily active all the time. You may have to arrange with the provider to have the test gateway available for release testing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing gateways can have bugs that don't occur in production. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing gateways often have special amount conditions to allow applications using that provider to check all the possible responses from the payment provider (e.g. an order total ending in .01 will return a payment declined message)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simulators are even more likely to have bugs that don't occur in production.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simulators are often not updated when the production payment gateway is updated. This could mean that some supported card types aren't available via the simulator where they are available live.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On the positive side, simulators often include detailed logging of payment requests and responses. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some simulators can be configured to allow specific card numbers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T11:31:11.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23341" CreationDate="2016-10-27T11:43:10.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the ways automated regression can improve developer throughput is in catching regression bugs faster - something that's critical to the success of waterfall projects (It's critical to agile projects too, but agile projects usually have a lot less time between development of a feature and testing of that feature). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have a reasonably comprehensive automated regression suite running against the latest build at least once a day, you can guarantee that any regression problems introduced by developers will be caught within a day of the change being integrated to the main code branch. That means that the developer's work is still relatively fresh, which in turn means it will be easier for the developer who introduced the problem to correct it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That fast turnaround imposes a much lower cost in research and analysis on the entire team, as well as freeing the test team to focus more on testing the new code and exploring its integration and interactions, and less on tedious, error-prone regression checks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T11:43:10.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23341" CreationDate="2016-10-27T11:59:15.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Question: &lt;em&gt;how can it possibly help the development team in delivering more software if the 4 week testing process is improved?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Answer: &lt;em&gt;It can't.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...key objectives are:&#xA;- Increase throughput and increase the quality of testing – will contribute to faster delivery of working software i.e. Agile WoW.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;- Automate testing in order to increase throughput in the software development life cycle (SDLC).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If the development of a big project takes the development team 24 months to deliver for testing...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As other point out this is NOT agile development.  You reference Agile here but also say that this is waterfall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's pretty simple though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If waterfall and 24 months to deliver to QA then manual testing is the correct and appropriate technique to use.  There isn't enough time for comprehensive automated tests that would add value and also the tests are written after development is over.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If actually agile, tests (including both unit and feature tests) will be written throughout those 24 months and the last 4 weeks is looking for unusual edge cases, performance issues, device/browser issues that haven't been detected to date.  95%+ of the tests should be written during the 24 months.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second case QA regression test automation, once written, will:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce the time for QA to test basic functionality manually&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;free up QA to dive into more complex cases that require manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;increase the speed of development as developers can run tests while developing*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce breakages in current functionality which derail and slow development*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* &lt;em&gt;these are the primary 'increase development output' points.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that many efforts to 'increase software development output' are counter-productive. It is better to take a whole test, whole system approach to development software with quality embedded throughout the proces.  I suggest you read Agile Testing by Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory for ideas, it will give you a lot of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally I recommend you focus on four factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make sure developers write comprehensive unit tests during development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make sure developers use TDD/BDD so that tests drive application code development &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make sure developers and QA folks write feature tests during development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get QA to contribute to planning and test plans to add value before any code is written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Focus on doing those things well and you're going in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-27T12:21:09.647" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T12:21:09.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23367" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-27T12:02:55.113" Score="4" ViewCount="71449" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VzI7D.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VzI7D.png&quot; alt=&quot;HTML code of the message&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/By84a.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/By84a.png&quot; alt=&quot;Message display on site&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am unable to verify this sucess message. I am trying to use the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String expectedText =&amp;quot;Dear admin, the Institution is deleted successfully!&amp;quot;;&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(&amp;quot;Dear admin, the Institution is deleted      successfully!&amp;quot;,expectedText);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement msg=driver.findElement(By.className(&amp;quot;pad margin no-print&amp;quot;));&#xA;        String text=msg.getText();&#xA;String expectedText = &amp;quot;Dear admin, the Institution is deleted successfully!&amp;quot;;&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(text,expectedText);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[1]/div/div/div&amp;quot;)).getText();`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18781" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-09-07T09:37:23.637" LastActivityDate="2020-09-07T09:37:23.637" Title="How to verify a success message using selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23369" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-27T12:18:04.373" Score="2" ViewCount="335" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate web app on iPhone using Mac. Executing webkit debug proxy for automation on iOS platform.&#xA;I am facing below issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;RUNNING: ios_webkit_debug_proxy &#xA;events.js:141&#xA;      throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event&#xA;      ^&#xA;&#xA;Error: spawn ios_webkit_debug_proxy ENOENT&#xA;    at exports._errnoException (util.js:856:11)&#xA;    at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:178:32)&#xA;    at onErrorNT (internal/child_process.js:344:16)&#xA;    at nextTickCallbackWith2Args (node.js:478:9)&#xA;    at process._tickCallback (node.js:392:17)&#xA;    at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:432:11)&#xA;    at startup (node.js:141:18)&#xA;    at node.js:1003:3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q - How to fix error &quot;Error: spawn ios_webkit_debug_proxy ENOENT&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T04:01:41.830" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T07:07:53.430" Title="Java + Appium + iOS [mobile] : How to fix error &quot;Error: spawn ios_webkit_debug_proxy ENOENT&quot;?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14652" CreationDate="2016-10-27T13:09:37.363" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you would love to test REST API then I would recommend you to use Rest Assured which is a Java Library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s better to create Page Object Model and use Testing Framework like TestNG to write tests. Along with the main library ( REST ASSURED) that you can use for testing REST API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the official guide for the same:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/wiki/Usage&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;rest-assured/rest-assured&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also follow the step by step tutorial which I have created for REST Assured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://restservicestesting.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing Rest Services using Rest Assured&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ashwin Karangutkar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22107" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T13:09:37.363" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20763" CreationDate="2016-10-27T13:18:10.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal preferred Design Structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Page Object Model, create all of your actions for the webpages. I then use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.specflow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Specflow&lt;/a&gt; and tag those &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/techtalk/SpecFlow/wiki/Calling-Steps-from-Step-Definitions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;actions with a human-readable name.&lt;/a&gt; You can then write out your tests as &lt;a href=&quot;https://rburnham.wordpress.com/2011/05/30/create-a-specflow-feature-file/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt; using Specflow and keep the granularity of your current manual test cases via the feature files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of using Class Initialization steps, you can tag those as steps in Specflow (Given I have setup a x, when I do y, then z will happen). This also helps drastically with code reuse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you have a database dedicated to this you can put delete scripts into &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/techtalk/SpecFlow/wiki/Hooks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hooks&lt;/a&gt; to sanitize your environment after each run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Specflow Scenario&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@rollback&#xA;Scenario: Active search does not return Inactive Campaigns&#xA;    Given I have the active Campaign count&#xA;    When I add an inactive Campaign&#xA;    Then I should have 0 more active Campaign&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Specflow Step Definition&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Given(@&quot;I have the (.*?) Campaign count&quot;)]&#xA;public void GivenIHaveTheAlertResolutionTypeCount(string inactive)&#xA;{&#xA;    bool active = true;&#xA;    if (!inactive.Equals(&quot;inactive&quot;, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))&#xA;        active = false;&#xA;    currentCount = testBase.campaignRepository.GetCampaignsAsync(active).Result.Count();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Specflow Hook&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[AfterScenario(&quot;rollback&quot;)]&#xA;public void AfterScenario()&#xA;{&#xA;    testBase.dbContextTransaction.Rollback();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T13:15:10.187" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T13:15:10.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23372" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-27T19:50:32.733" Score="2" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;With the &quot;Arrange/Act/Assert&quot; approach to test definition, the Arrange portion may end up creating a bunch of data or configuring the application to behave a certain way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do this enough times, and all of those &quot;Arrange&quot; activities can start to create quite a lot of data - perhaps enough to overload the test environment.  In some cases, a tester should navigate through the UI to undo earlier steps. In other cases, a database script should be run. In still others, a complete environment snapshot restore may be in order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most Test Case Management tools, I see places for preconditions, action, and verification steps. Or I see specific places for &quot;Arrange, Act, Assert&quot; steps. What I typically don't see is a place for these undo or cleanup steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the recommended place to document &quot;Un-Arrange&quot; steps to clean up after the test, or to restore the environment to the condition it was in before testing an uncommon configuration setting? Is there a common term or phrase to describe these steps? Is there a common way to distinguish these steps from those that are actually part of the test execution itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19297" LastEditorUserId="19297" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T15:24:49.710" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T21:14:16.307" Title="How to document &quot;undo&quot; or &quot;un-arrange&quot; steps?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23372" CreationDate="2016-10-27T21:33:35.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can provide some suggestions based on my own experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stick to your company's regulations and rules if your company has a set of guidelines regarding how to document undo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document undo steps with as much details as possible, with screen-shots, as if those documents are for rookies with no background knowledge.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Undo steps should be carried out when a test succeeded, failed or aborted unexpectedly. This is where documentation can get tricky, as it is possible for the subject under test to get into an rare configuration state no one has seen before. All we can do is to capture all previous scenarios we have seen and write them down with details. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-10-29T21:14:16.307" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T21:14:16.307" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23355" CreationDate="2016-10-27T21:53:36.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, &quot;it depends.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One such case is font rendering, since different OSes can handle this differently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is especially true with newer high DPI monitors. Since using one, I've found that many web pages look absolutely terrible because the fonts render in such a easy that makes them nearly unreadable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Upgrading to Windows 10 from Windows 7 improved this greatly (not just in browsers), and this was in Chrome, so not browser dependent at all, but instead the way the underlying OS handled the high DPI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22167" LastActivityDate="2016-10-27T21:53:36.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23360" CreationDate="2016-10-28T05:09:52.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I'm aware JMeter doesn't provide such functionality out of the box so you will need to do some scripting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example add Beanshell PostProcessor as a child of the sampler where you need to do this verification and put the following code into &quot;Script&quot; area&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;    //necessary import&#xA;&#xA;List lines = FileUtils.readLines(new File(&quot;/path/to/your/file.csv&quot;)); // read CSV file into the array of lines in memory&#xA;String row10 = lines.get(9);    // get row 10, in Beanshell counting starts from zero&#xA;String[] cells = line2.split(&quot;,&quot;);    //split row 10 into cells using comma as delimiter&#xA;String cell5 = cells[4];    // get value of 4th column, counting is zero-based&#xA;&#xA;log.info(&quot;Cell5 value = &quot; + cell5);    // print the value into jmeter.log file&#xA;vars.put(&quot;cell5value&quot;, cell5);    // store the value as ${cell5value} JMeter Variable&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code will read the content of 10th row, 5th column cell and store the value into a JMeter Variable. You will be able to access it as &lt;code&gt;${cell5value}&lt;/code&gt; where required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4dyLa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4dyLa.png&quot; alt=&quot;Beanshell CSV Demo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/List.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;java.util.List&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/javadocs/api-2.5/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.html#readLines(java.io.File)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FileUtils.readLines()&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;vars&lt;/code&gt; aka &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/threads/JMeterVariables.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeterVariables&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use BeanShell: JMeter's Favorite Built-in Component&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T05:09:52.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23377" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-28T05:46:31.390" Score="0" ViewCount="508" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LR0JW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LR0JW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hi, I am trying to select item from dropdown. but I am unable to select . Please suggest me which tag I will use for select dropdown element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18781" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:15:37.217" Title="How to Select drop down element using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23367" CreationDate="2016-10-28T06:05:20.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We should never use the compound class name while finding the element using the className method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the below xpath &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement msg=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class,'callout-success')]&quot;));&#xA;String text=msg.getText();&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(text,expectedText);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: Please make sure that with above xpath giving how many elements.If it returning only one element then you can continue with that else you need to change according to that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T06:05:20.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23379" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23383" CreationDate="2016-10-28T09:36:09.103" Score="2" ViewCount="501" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you check my code and suggest improvements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the scenario ..&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EWm9A.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EWm9A.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is for add folder module &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Pages;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class FolderPage &#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(linkText=&quot;App&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement app;&#xA;    @FindBy(linkText=&quot;Folders&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement folders;&#xA;    @FindBy(xpath=&quot;//*[@id='search-container']/a/i&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement search;&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;name&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement name;&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;parent_id&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement parentid_dropdown;;&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;client&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement client_dropdown;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(name=&quot;permmissions&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement permmissions;&#xA;    @FindBy(className=&quot;btn-primary&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;    //constructor&#xA;    public FolderPage(WebDriver driver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void set_App()&#xA;    {&#xA;        app.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void set_Folders()&#xA;    {&#xA;        folders.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void set_Search()&#xA;    {&#xA;        search.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void set_Name(String nam)&#xA;    {&#xA;        name.clear();&#xA;        name.sendKeys(nam);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void select_List(String parent_id)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Select parentidDropdown=new Select(parentid_dropdown);&#xA;        parentidDropdown.selectByVisibleText(parent_id);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void Select_List2(String client)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Select clientDropdown=new Select(client_dropdown);&#xA;        clientDropdown.selectByVisibleText(client);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void set_Permmission(String perm)&#xA;    {&#xA;        permmissions.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void set_Button()&#xA;    {&#xA;        button.submit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;package Test;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import Pages.FolderPage;&#xA;&#xA;import Pages.LoginPage;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;&#xA;public class FolderTest &#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup()&#xA;{&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://doc.local&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=1)&#xA;public void verify1()&#xA;{&#xA;    LoginPage login=new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    login.set_username(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    login.set_password(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    login.click_button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Administrator&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=2)&#xA;public void verify2()&#xA;{&#xA;    FolderPage folder=new FolderPage(driver);&#xA;    folder.set_App();&#xA;    folder.set_Folders();&#xA;    folder.set_Search();&#xA;    folder.set_Name(&quot;DCOO2&quot;);&#xA;    folder.select_List(&quot;/foo&quot;);&#xA;    folder.Select_List2(&quot;Demo&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    folder.set_Permmission(&quot;yyr&quot;);&#xA;    folder.set_Button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Administrator&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=3)&#xA;public void verify3()&#xA;{&#xA;    FolderPage folder=new FolderPage(driver);&#xA;    folder.set_App();&#xA;    folder.set_Folders();&#xA;    folder.set_Search();&#xA;    folder.set_Name(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    folder.select_List(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    folder.Select_List2(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    folder.set_Permmission(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;    folder.set_Button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Name is mandatory!&quot;));   &#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=4)&#xA;public void verify4()&#xA;{&#xA;    FolderPage folder=new FolderPage(driver);&#xA;    folder.set_App();&#xA;    folder.set_Folders();&#xA;    folder.set_Search();&#xA;    folder.set_Name(&quot;DCOO2&quot;);&#xA;    folder.select_List(&quot;/folder&quot;);&#xA;    folder.Select_List2(&quot;Demo&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    folder.set_Permmission(&quot;sdfsd&quot;);&#xA;    folder.set_Button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Administrator&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T09:56:29.870" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:36:37.727" Title="Can you review my Selenium test-script?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;test-review&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-10-28T18:32:23.887" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23380" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-28T09:42:11.523" Score="0" ViewCount="675" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to execute build.xml am able to compile but not executing in MACOSX but it runs in Windows.&#xA;Here is my code and output&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;project name=&quot;StrapUi&quot; basedir=&quot;.&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- ========== Initialize Properties =================================== --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- set global properties for build --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;basedir&quot; value=&quot;.&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;lib&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/lib&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;src&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/src&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;bin&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/bin&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;report-dir&quot; value=&quot;${basedir}/Test-Report&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property name=&quot;testng-report-dir&quot; value=&quot;${report-dir}/TestNGreport&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- ====== Set the classpath ====  --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;path id=&quot;classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pathelement location=&quot;${bin}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${lib}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include name=&quot;*.jar&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Delete directories  --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;delete-dir&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${bin}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${report-dir}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Creating directories --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;create&quot; depends=&quot;delete-dir&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${bin}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${report-dir}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Compile the java code from ${src} into ${bin} --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;compile&quot; depends=&quot;create&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;javac srcdir=&quot;${src}&quot; classpathref=&quot;classpath&quot; includeAntRuntime=&quot;No&quot; destdir=&quot;${bin}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;echo&amp;gt; /* Compiled Directory Classes */ &amp;lt;/echo&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Runs the file and generates Reportng report for TestNG--&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;taskdef name=&quot;testng&quot; classname=&quot;org.testng.TestNGAntTask&quot; classpathref=&quot;classpath&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;target name=&quot;testng-execution&quot; depends=&quot;compile&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${testng-report-dir}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;testng outputdir=&quot;${testng-report-dir}&quot; classpathref=&quot;classpath&quot; useDefaultListeners=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;xmlfileset dir=&quot;${basedir}&quot; includes=&quot;testng.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/testng&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;delete-dir:&#xA;   [delete] Deleting directory /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/Github/StrapUi/bin&#xA;   [delete] Deleting directory /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/Github/StrapUi/Test-Report&#xA;&#xA;create:&#xA;    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/Github/StrapUi/bin&#xA;    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/Github/StrapUi/Test-Report&#xA;&#xA;compile:&#xA;    [javac] Compiling 55 source files to /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/Github/StrapUi/bin&#xA;     [echo]  /* Compiled Directory Classes */ &#xA;&#xA;testng-execution:&#xA;    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/Github/StrapUi/Test-Report/TestNGreport&#xA;   [testng] [TestNG] Running:&#xA;   [testng]   /Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/workspace/Github/StrapUi/testng.xml&#xA;   [testng] &#xA;   [testng] Oct 28, 2016 2:38:22 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;   [testng] INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end&#xA;   [testng] _RegisterApplication(), FAILED TO establish the default connection to the WindowServer, _CGSDefaultConnection() is NULL.&#xA;   [testng] 2016-10-28 14:38:24.756 firefox-bin[1312:72325] CFPasteboardRef CFPasteboardCreate(CFAllocatorRef, CFStringRef) : failed to create global data&#xA;   [testng] 2016-10-28 14:38:24.759 firefox-bin[1312:72325] CFPasteboardRef CFPasteboardCreate(CFAllocatorRef, CFStringRef) : failed to create global data&#xA;   [testng] 2016-10-28 14:38:24.760 firefox-bin[1312:72325] CFPasteboardRef CFPasteboardCreate(CFAllocatorRef, CFStringRef) : failed to create global data&#xA;   [testng] 2016-10-28 14:38:24.767 firefox-bin[1312:72325] CFPasteboardRef CFPasteboardCreate(CFAllocatorRef, CFStringRef) : failed to create global data&#xA;   [testng] 1477645705092   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 53573........... &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the pointer rotates but not getting output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21821" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T05:03:27.990" LastActivityDate="2019-03-28T19:16:31.437" Title="Build.xml in jenkins able to compile but not executing in Mac OSX" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23380" CreationDate="2016-10-28T10:47:34.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems like Jenkins is unable to access WindowServer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type this in terminal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.jenkins-ci.plist&#xA;sudo mv /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.jenkins-ci.plist /Library/LaunchAgents/org.jenkins-ci.plist&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then restart your machine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now Jenkins will run as agent and can access WindowServer.  Also seems like you don't have Jenkins configured to run on machine startup, so you may run &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchAgents/org.jenkins-ci.plist&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T10:47:34.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23377" CreationDate="2016-10-28T11:15:44.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The drop-down list is a select node with this id: operator_type&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;operator_type&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;your desired type&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you should import: import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11797" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T11:15:44.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23379" CreationDate="2016-10-28T11:16:25.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a feeling this question will be closed but here's my feedback on your code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Page Object Model code looks spot on. I would potentially put more emphasis into describing each element (What button is it?) and I typically use a base class that I inherit from that has the PageFactory.InitElements in it (optional but good practice for code reuse).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your tests have a high amount of dependencies on other tests. (In particular your login test) This is why you have had to label them all with a priority, which will keep them working for now. I would highly recommend avoiding this as if there is a failure in the, for example, login step it will cause all of your other tests to fail without a decent explanation. If the login process is too time consuming, you can easily get a cookie from a successful login and then use that cookie in subsequent tests and avoid the login steps after your first successful login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall though, good work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-10-28T12:15:48.487" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:15:48.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23339" CreationDate="2016-10-28T11:27:50.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can't find the driver for Firefox. Downloading the GeckoDriver and putting it into your Bin folder or setting a System Property for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/firefox/GeckoDriverService.java#L42&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;webdriver.gecko.driver&lt;/a&gt; should fix the problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-12-27T17:28:25.573" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T17:28:25.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-28T11:45:12.867" Score="2" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;In what class should I write:&#xA; &lt;code&gt;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&lt;/code&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want actions to be hard-coded. This is how my PageObjects looks like, here I want to use Actions Class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Selenium;&#xA;&#xA;import java.rmi.activation.ActivationSystem;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class internetPO extends basicPageObject {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;GenericWebElement wd;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public internetPO(GenericWebElement remotewebdriver){&#xA;    this.wd=remotewebdriver;  &#xA;}&#xA;   public void hover(){&#xA;   Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;   WebElement ss= wd.element(byTypes.XPATH, finalElements.profileHover);&#xA;    actions.moveToElement(ss).perform();&#xA;     WebElement ww = wd.element(byTypes.XPATH, finalElements.profilename);&#xA;&#xA;     String valid = ww.getText();&#xA;     System.out.println(valid);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is my TestClass:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Selenium;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.Rule;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.junit.rules.TestName;&#xA;import org.junit.rules.TestWatcher;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.Description;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class baseTest  {&#xA;&#xA;GenericWebElement wd;&#xA;public WebDriver webdriver;&#xA;&#xA;public internetPO inter;&#xA;&#xA;@Rule&#xA;public TestName name = new TestName();&#xA;public TestWatcher log = new TestWatcher() {&#xA;&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;public void Testname(Description testname){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Starting test&quot; + testname.getMethodName());&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Before&#xA;public void setup() throws Exception{&#xA;    String Testname = name.getMethodName();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Strting test &quot; + Testname);&#xA;&#xA;    wd=new ChromeWebDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    wd.init(&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot;);    &#xA;&#xA;     inter = new internetPO(wd);&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need to mention I'm using RemoteWebDriver in GenericWebElement class.&#xA;I tried a lot of options but no luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22174" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T04:10:10.110" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T07:04:03.037" Title="Action Class with Junit" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-28T11:52:54.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation saves time and money. Here is why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;shorter development cycles&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;users can access new version earlier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;company remains competitive because it can implement required features faster&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;regression&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests are executed over and over (locally and by the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Build_automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;/a&gt;). Already existing features are still working while the code base is growing. You can be sure that there are no &quot;side-effects&quot;. Of course, it also depends on the test coverage (nevertheless, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1475520/unit-testing-code-coverage-do-you-have-100-coverage&quot;&gt;don't try to achieve 100% code coverage&lt;/a&gt;. It does not mean that there are no bugs.).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bugs are found earlier&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;the earlier you can find a bug the cheaper is the fix.&lt;/strong&gt; This paper gives a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/director/planning/report02-3.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;good overview about the software quality&lt;/a&gt;. It's older but imho still relevant. Look at the Figure 5-4. Cost Reductions of Detecting Bugs and Fixing Them Faster (Example Only) and you will see how important the test automation is. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22175" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T11:52:54.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23367" CreationDate="2016-10-28T11:53:19.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First two points: I cannot see any &quot;Dear admin&quot; in the message and instead of &quot;assertEquals&quot; try &quot;assertTrue&quot; and &quot;contains&quot;. Then try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String expectedMessage = &quot;The Institution is deleted Successfully!&quot;;&#xA;String message = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class,'callout callout-success')]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;Assert.assertTrue(&quot;Your error message&quot;, message.contains(expectedMessage));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mentioned try message.contains because I think that the phrase &quot;iMessage&quot; will be also available in message! Check it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11797" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T11:53:19.380" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23377" CreationDate="2016-10-28T12:15:37.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use this code this POM design pattern..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(id=&quot;status&quot;)&#xA;WebElement status_dropdown;&#xA;&#xA;public void select_List(String status)&#xA;&#xA;    {&#xA;        Select statusdropdown=new Select(status_dropdown);&#xA;        statusdropdown.selectByVisibleText(status);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    client.select_List(&quot;active&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:15:37.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-10-28T12:18:54.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main problem is the justification of spending time automating test. And it also sounds like your boss is not into the details of the QA process. This is not unusual between technical people and managers. Your boss probably is more interested in the results of your testing, so you should talk to him in a way he understands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Managers usually have a focus on 3 elements:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;time: duration of the project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;budget: the money it costs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fte: the people that are working on the project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automation part could help a lot as it can reduce duration and the manpower needed to perform tests. Testing gives developers a tool to improve the quality. The quality of the product should be interesting stuff for you boss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your boss will probably ask how will automation reduce the duration and manpower.&#xA;Be keen that you do not do additional tasks with automation, because it increase you scope and this is not what the boss wants to hear (as you increase duration/costs). Talk about the testing required by QA to guarantee some basic level of quality, if he does not do these test the project has a risk (angry customers, damages, additional work from fixes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression testing&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;One of the test most suitable for automation is the regression test. They should cover the important features of the product to minimize the risk of delivering a bad product. Those tests are repetitive as they are mostly done after each build and the test performed are mostly stable as they are only tweaked a bit. You can do it with unit test but also with integration/e2e tests in selenium. This way you can easily detect if existing functionality was broken. A boss will probably demand this tests when a customer complains a lot about previously working functionality breaking.&#xA;If customers complain about this happening but the boss doesn't know, find out and inform him. Automated regression testing will help finding these issues before release. If there is no regression at all, regression test probably cost more then they will save. In this case manual testing is not required to, if they still are required automated them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example business case as justification for doing QA and automation in a project&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Create a business case for you automation idea, this will make clear you are on the right track. Take into account what is essential to test, those would be items with high risks attached to them. Show which test will cover these risks. Now you have list of tests that could be automated. Think of a realistic amount of times the tests will be performed, you can use this to show how much time automation would save your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example reasons: You want to meet a basic level of quality within a project and there are some simple test you have to each day. You could do them manually or automated them. Automating test is only useful if you perform them multiple times, so there is a balance between creating the test and the time saved if you would always do them manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example if you have to do some manual testing for 3 browsers; you have to spend 10 minutes per browser. In case you would automate it you would spend 1 hour automating it with a script, but with every run you would save 28 minutes.&#xA;So if you have to do these test each day manual testing would cost you 30 minutes, in a week that would be 2,5 hours. When automated you would be busy for 1 hour on the first day, the rest of the week would cost you almost nothing adding up to ~1 hour. This saves you 1,5 hours in one week.&#xA;If your boss bills 50 dollars per hour on work you would save the project 75 dollars in just one week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QA: What saves even more money&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Testing is just a part of QA, mostly performed when the code is already written. So what can improve quality earlier on, before the code was written?&#xA;A developer would probably say TDD/BDD. Someone from QA would probably say he should do more intakes/reviews on project deliverables. Both are good ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22177" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:18:54.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23379" CreationDate="2016-10-28T12:31:15.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will comment on code quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java method names &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconventions-135099.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;convention&lt;/a&gt; is to use camel case, starting with lower case and with no underscores between words. Same goes for parameter names.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Making page objects with fluent interface will make your tests more concise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FolderPage folder= new FolderPage(driver)&#xA;  withApp()&#xA;  withFolders()&#xA;  withSearch();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;assertThat&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;assertTrue&lt;/code&gt;: it will make your &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1701113/why-should-i-use-hamcrest-matcher-and-assertthat-instead-of-traditional-assert&quot;&gt;error messages more clear&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;dependsOn&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;priority&lt;/code&gt;. It will make dependencies between your tests more explicit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Names of your test methods say nothing about what actually the test verifies. Take some convention like given-when-then, e.g., &lt;code&gt;loginShouldFailForInvalidPassowrd&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Like Paul Muir mentioned, work variables and fields naming. &lt;code&gt;button&lt;/code&gt; sounds a bit cryptic to me.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T12:36:37.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23392" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23396" CreationDate="2016-10-28T12:33:58.523" Score="11" ViewCount="1649" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I have begun building out Unit Testing for my dev team during down time in an attempt to implement the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot;&gt;Test Pyramid&lt;/a&gt;. My Dev Managers seem rather excited about it and on-board with the idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone else has implemented and enforced the test pyramid guidelines and if so, how was it done. In particular, how can I convince the Developers to maintain and implement Unit/Integration Tests into their work? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-11T12:46:37.013" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T12:46:37.013" Title="Implementing the Test Pyramid as QA" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing-quadrants&gt;&lt;test-pyramid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22849" CreationDate="2016-10-28T13:43:53.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in agreement with Niels on this. I did want to add a few more points to assist in expediting the QA process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand your product, become the expert&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take charge of the quality of the product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the changes prior to code being written. Ensure that expectations are met&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cover potential holes prior to code being written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work closely with development to understand what changed and why&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me personally QA has a bigger impact when they focus on the process than verifying the product. Most of the issues that occur are do to the process and less about the actual product in Agile. Gaps in requirements happen, they get overlooked and usually don't get discovered until the very end. If you start to close these gaps, saving everyone time and effort, you will become the hero of the project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start this process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.isixsigma.com/tools-templates/cause-effect/determine-root-cause-5-whys/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Root Cause Analysis&lt;/a&gt; on defects. The goal is to prevent them from being written.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure the &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/176804/how-can-qa-prevent-defects&quot;&gt;Development Process is followed&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review Source Code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn your Developers, their stengths and weaknesses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communicate, communicate and communicate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Allow people to sleep at night&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explain that your ultimate goal is to avoid late night calls with issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:45:56.507" LastActivityDate="2016-10-28T13:43:53.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23392" CreationDate="2016-10-28T14:53:32.000" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Test Pyramid is not something you implement, but more a guideline showing how to spread the testing efforts. Also it should be a guide to prevent an Agile anti-pattern &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://watirmelon.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/softwaretestingicecreamconeantipattern.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the ice-cream test cone&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A possible way to enforce creating automated tests is to set a test-coverage standard. You can use a code-analyses tool (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SonarQube&lt;/a&gt;) to monitor trends on this. These tools can even deny pull-requests or send alerts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nBrVt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nBrVt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can start with a minimal test-coverage of let's say 35%, this forces everyone to write at least one test for the code. Later you can say new code must not trends it below 35%. Some months in the future you can upgrade the percentage to 65% or higher. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xp&lt;/a&gt; teams have a target of 85 up-to 100% coverage. For legacy code-bases this is a dream you might achieve, set realistic targets. Also keep in mind testing is the goal, not coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Focus on trends not the exact numbers. New code should not bring the current code-coverage statistic down, the number should always go up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To train &amp;amp; convince developers in automated testing I have started doing &lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/codingdojohandbook&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coding-Dojo's&lt;/a&gt; with my current teams. In the dojo sessions we use TDD techniques to get the developers familiar with unit-testing and writing good tests. Each iteration we do one 1,5 hour session. In parallel we watch &amp;amp; discuss an &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UncleBob's CleanCode video&lt;/a&gt; each iteration, some also focus on TTD and code test-ability. This is time demanding, but most developers do not have the free time to learn outside of work. I really think developers should grow each iteration and learn how to make testable and maintainable code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other sources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.duncannisbet.co.uk/test-automation-basics-levels-pyramids-quadrants&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.duncannisbet.co.uk/test-automation-basics-levels-pyramids-quadrants&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/the-coding-dojo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/the-coding-dojo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-10-29T06:09:52.367" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T06:09:52.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23392" CreationDate="2016-10-28T20:00:08.863" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am definitely using the test pyramid as one of my 'guidance' tools.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I frequently combine it with the 4 Agile Testing quadrants in talks and presentations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/drlK1.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/drlK1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1TAtA.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1TAtA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Niels says this is more of a guideline than a specific implementation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I introduce and encourage it by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;introducing it when onboarding both development and QE engineers about our quality practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;revisiting it during book review as we go through Agile Testing by Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using it to guide our testing efforts when looking at tickets during sprint review and pointing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I talk about the several companies that I've worked at that had thousands of unit tests and then a few dozen UI feature tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I refer to it when having discussion about mocking and stubbing so folks can see when db access is actually tested in higher level UI feature specs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can convince the Developers to maintain and implement Unit/Integration Tests into their work by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;making sure folks know how automated testing adds value by letting you know if you break stuff&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;making sure that database and other dependencies are stubbed out for unit tests so that they run quickly - many tests per second, not many seconds per test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;looking at recent bugs that could have been prevented if tests were in place&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talking about the feeling and stress of changing systems without unit tests vs. having tests to safeguard against unexpected changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;emphasizing that tests suites should be less than about 10 minutes to run the full suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-10-29T00:27:44.167" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T00:27:44.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23113" CreationDate="2016-10-29T19:52:47.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not quite sure, but I do not think there’s one tool for all of your requirements. However, Ranorex supports &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/automated-functional-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;automated functional testing&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/blog/automated-regression-testing-with-ranorex/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;regression testing&lt;/a&gt; and UI test automation. It is a commercial tool but in my opinion it pays off because the support is really good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21262" LastActivityDate="2016-10-29T19:52:47.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="969" CreationDate="2016-10-30T09:45:31.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a good question, from my experience you should be breaking down the technical skills you expect the candidate to master into 3-5 essential must have skills. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge in scripting/programming language, such as&#xA;Perl/JavaScript/Java/Bash  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge in relational database/no SQL, such as Oracle/MongoDB/Hadoop/SQL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge in testing framework, such as Selenium&#xA;Webdriver/JUnit/LoadRunner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge in operating system, such as Linux/Windows/MacOS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge in QA methodologies, such as STP/STD/STR&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After doing so, you need to prepare a test and look for relevant interview questions from the Web, or try to use some automated tools which already done that for you, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.Codelect.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Codelect.net&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.LuGo-Test.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;LuGo-Test.com&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, there are many platforms that can help you with interviewing developers, although there are only few which covers QA topics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many web sites contains free interview questions, although you need to double check their content correctness and relevancy, since only a small part of them are gathering relevant content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22186" LastActivityDate="2016-10-30T09:45:31.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18423" CreationDate="2016-10-31T13:33:35.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;el = driver2.find_element_by_id('league-filter-list')&#xA;el.select_by_visible_text('Football League Championship')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11797" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T13:33:35.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23402" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-31T14:38:25.493" Score="1" ViewCount="1568" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone could assist in a Code Review on my Specflow Page Object Model code. I have included a small sample of the code I use, most of the pages follow identical patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step Definitions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [Binding]&#xA;    public class LoginStepDefinitions&#xA;    {&#xA;        public LoginStepDefinitions(IWebDriver _driver)&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver = _driver;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        static IWebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;        [Given(@&quot;I browse to (.*)&quot;)]&#xA;        public void GivenINavigateTo(string url)&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(url);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [Given(@&quot;I login as (.*?) with Password (.*)&quot;)]&#xA;        public void GivenILoginAs(string username, string password)&#xA;        {&#xA;            new LoginPom(driver, username, password);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [Then(@&quot;I should be logged in&quot;)]&#xA;        public void ThenIShouldBeLoggedIn()&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.DoesNotThrow(delegate { driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;logoutButton&quot;)); } );&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [Given(@&quot;I go to (.*?) within the (.*?) Menu&quot;)]&#xA;        [Then(@&quot;I should have access to (.*?) within the (.*?) Menu&quot;)]&#xA;        public void ThenIShouldHaveAccess(string submenu, string menu)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.DoesNotThrow(delegate {&#xA;                new HeaderPom(driver).selectMenuByName(menu).selectSubMenuByName(submenu);&#xA;            });&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public class LoginPom : Pages&#xA;    {&#xA;        public class LoginCredentials&#xA;        {&#xA;            public string Username { get; set; }&#xA;            public string Password { get; set; }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public static Dictionary&amp;lt;string, LoginCredentials&amp;gt; loginData = new Dictionary&amp;lt;string, LoginCredentials&amp;gt;&#xA;        {&#xA;            { &quot;Admin&quot;,&#xA;                new LoginCredentials()&#xA;                {&#xA;                    Username= &quot;AdminUsername&quot;,&#xA;                    Password= &quot;AdminPassword&quot;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        };&#xA;        [FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = &quot;ctl00_mainContent_userLogin_UserName&quot;)]&#xA;        private IWebElement UserNameTxt;&#xA;        [FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = &quot;ctl00_mainContent_userLogin_Password&quot;)]&#xA;        private IWebElement PasswordTxt;&#xA;        [FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = &quot;ctl00_mainContent_userLogin_loginButton&quot;)]&#xA;        private IWebElement LoginBtn;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        public LoginPom(IWebDriver driver) : base(driver)&#xA;        {&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        public LoginPom(IWebDriver driver, String username, String password) : base(driver)&#xA;        {&#xA;            setUsername(username).setPassword(password).submit();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public LoginPom setUsername(String username)&#xA;        {&#xA;            this.UserNameTxt.Clear();&#xA;            this.UserNameTxt.SendKeys(username);&#xA;            return this;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public LoginPom setPassword(String password)&#xA;        {&#xA;            this.PasswordTxt.Clear();&#xA;            this.PasswordTxt.SendKeys(password);&#xA;            return this;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void submit()&#xA;        {&#xA;            this.LoginBtn.Click();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using the ObjectContainer feature of SpecFlow to initialize my WebDriver based on the tag(s) applied to the test(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        [BeforeScenario(&quot;Firefox&quot;)]&#xA;        public void InitializeFirefoxWebDriver()&#xA;        {&#xA;            DbAccess entities = new DbAccess();&#xA;            DesiredCapabilities capability = DesiredCapabilities.Firefox();&#xA;            capability.Platform = new Platform(PlatformType.Any);&#xA;            launchWebDriver(capability);&#xA;            objectContainer.RegisterInstanceAs&amp;lt;DbAccess&amp;gt;(entities);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        public void launchWebDriver(DesiredCapabilities capability)&#xA;        {&#xA;            string gridUrl = &quot;http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub/&quot;;&#xA;            ScenarioInfo si = ScenarioContext.Current.ScenarioInfo;&#xA;            if (si.Tags.Any(x =&amp;gt; x.StartsWith(&quot;GridUrl=&quot;)))&#xA;            {&#xA;                gridUrl = ConvertToString(si.Tags.FirstOrDefault(x =&amp;gt; x.StartsWith(&quot;GridUrl=&quot;)).Split('=')[1]);&#xA;            }&#xA;            var webDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri(gridUrl), capability);&#xA;            webDriver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15));&#xA;            objectContainer.RegisterInstanceAs&amp;lt;IWebDriver&amp;gt;(webDriver);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently in the process of switching companies so I am wanting to make certain that the code is as easy to interpret and maintain as possible. Any feedback is greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you very much!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T11:55:40.097" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T23:34:38.373" Title="Specflow Page Object Model Maintainability" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;&lt;test-review&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23403" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-31T15:54:17.403" Score="6" ViewCount="2528" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 2 different ways of working with the driver in the page object model:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Creating the driver in all the pages and passing it from one class to another.&#xA;You have an &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mikelfroa/cucumberjvmOne&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extending the classes to a Base class where the driver is created. You have an &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mikelfroa/cucumberjvmTwo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you tell me the pro/cons between this two options?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T08:37:42.107" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T08:37:42.107" Title="Extending or passing the driver in page objects?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23404" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-10-31T16:08:08.820" Score="1" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a Q&amp;amp;A web application and have implemented an expert recommendation algorithm to recommend experts based on the posted questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do I test the reliability of the algorithm?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What metrics should I use to measure reliability of the algorithm?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22200" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:20:57.440" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:20:57.440" Title="Software Reliability Testing" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23404" CreationDate="2016-10-31T17:47:49.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, you're talking about trying to build test cases to validate the accuracy of an &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expert_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;expert system&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. That's not a simple exercise, and it's made more complex by your expert system referring users to human experts based on their input. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This kind of software is utterly dependent on accurate data. If it does not maintain an up-to-date database of expert qualifications, it will become less accurate over time. Testing the expert recommendation algorithm is subject to the same limits: you're trying to test that given an infinite or near-infinite possible input set your algorithm will return the best matched recommendation - but how do you know what that recommendation is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, for something like this, I would look to implement extensive user monitoring: record each question, give the users the option to select alternative experts from a ranked list, and record their choice vs. the top-ranked expert. If there's a difference, ask them to say why they chose differently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The data you'll need to be monitoring and tracking won't be easy or cheap to wade through, but I don't see a better way to &quot;test&quot; your algorithm than constantly monitoring how it performs against user choices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For future iterations, you then have the advantage of a set of known inputs and outputs you can use as your starting point to ensure you don't break things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd honestly also look into the math or software design stack exchanges because they're likely to have better ideas how to refine and improve your algorithm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T17:47:49.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23402" CreationDate="2016-10-31T19:30:27.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My very personal opinions, please take them as a grain of salt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;public class LoginStepDefinitions &#xA;public LoginStepDefinitions(IWebDriver _driver)&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver = _driver;&#xA;        }&#xA;        static IWebDriver driver;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;why do you declare driver after it is used this class constructor? It may confuse a reader a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are using &lt;code&gt;FindsBy(How = How.Id,&lt;/code&gt;, do IDs not change over time? It is not uncommon for the developers to chanage IDs without telling anyone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This function has three input arguments, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;public LoginPom(IWebDriver driver, String username, String password) : base(driver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        setUsername(username).setPassword(password).submit();&#xA;    }&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to reduce it to one?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T19:30:27.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22912" CreationDate="2016-10-31T20:01:29.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally, I would use the standard parameters option in a jenkins build.  If my testng.xml file has been organized with groups, I can use a string parameter to pass in groups of test to run or exclude.  Additionally, I could use the choice parameter and provide all the valid command line options to execute my test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21858" LastActivityDate="2016-10-31T20:01:29.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23408" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23411" CreationDate="2016-11-01T02:02:53.400" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intermittent failures of UI feature specs that run in browsers but fail intermittently are the bane of automated testers lives and I've experienced them at every place I've worked at.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not so much &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/3582/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/3582/8992&lt;/a&gt; but more about what approaches and techniques can I use to first find the underlying issues that are causing them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T18:24:39.893" Title="What techniques can I use to determine the reasons for intermittent automated UI test failures?" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;why-does-this-fail&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23409" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23410" CreationDate="2016-11-01T02:12:46.773" Score="1" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a great unit test suite in that it is very fast (&lt;em&gt;many&lt;/em&gt; tests per second, not many &lt;em&gt;seconds&lt;/em&gt; per test!).  We also have automated UI (browser, selenium based) tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this now seems to have come at an interesting cost.  We have interfaces to populate consumer data from other services and then integrating it with our HTML forms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've had more than 5 different incidents recently of having thousands of  duplicate records (duplicate for the key fields, not all fields).  Not just one table either but 4 different tables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that our unit tests don't check the database and our UI tests often don't show duplicate records that are not showing up in the UI but exist in the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What approaches and techniques can we use to avoid this happening within the limitation of generally very fast unit tests to enable a good TDD/BDD workflow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T16:30:46.550" Title="How can we avoid duplicates now that we stub out the database?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23409" CreationDate="2016-11-01T04:19:07.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on how you're implementing the testing framework you can start a transaction in the test setup methods and then rollback in the teardown methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing this, you are executing the code against your database but since you rollback the transaction it is going to clean it up after your done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to use a seperate database which you can restore from a save or from a more stable, manual environment. This will allow you to not have to worry about dirty data in your database due to Integration level tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sample of my Specflow code is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [BeforeScenario]&#xA;    public void BeforeScenario()&#xA;    {&#xA;        testBase = new IntegrationTestBase();&#xA;        objectContainer.RegisterInstanceAs&amp;lt;IntegrationTestBase&amp;gt;(testBase);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [AfterScenario(&quot;rollback&quot;)]&#xA;    public void AfterScenario()&#xA;    {&#xA;        testBase.dbContextTransaction.Rollback();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [AfterScenario(&quot;commit&quot;)]&#xA;    public void commitData()&#xA;    {&#xA;        testBase.dbContextTransaction.Commit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The integration test base starts the transaction when the dbContext is created. If the test is tagged rollback, it will rollback all changes when the test is done. If the test is to be commited, it will commit when completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T14:43:15.840" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T14:43:15.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23408" CreationDate="2016-11-01T04:40:06.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal opinions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trying to analyse the testing environment closely, identify as many variables that &lt;strong&gt;may&lt;/strong&gt; have effect on testing results as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invite fresh eyes to aid you during this process of variable identification, but please do this after you have done it so you can compare your results against theirs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trying to have a very controlled testing environment, ideally have control over all variables you have identified, this include testing inputs and testing environment variables, such as temperature, timing and hardware.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run tests and log everything for future reference&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Purposely alter controlled-variable one at a time, see if it makes any difference to test results, statistically, you may need to do this multiple times&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Statistically category testing failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Encourage people to report all intermittent test failures, investigate their reports but do not fully trust their reports as they may leave out detailed information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you have found some leads, set a trap; e.g. you suspect hardware version may be the issue, set up a testing farm that consists of the suspected hardware version and innocent hardware version, compare run results statically. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T04:40:06.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23412" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-11-01T04:52:00.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;[Intermittent fault][1] often called simply an &quot;intermittent&quot;, is a malfunction of a device or system that occurs at intervals, usually irregular, in a device or system that functions normally at other times. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intermittent faults are common to all branches of technology, including computer software. An intermittent fault is caused by several contributing factors, some of which may be effectively random, which occur simultaneously. The more complex the system or mechanism involved, the greater the likelihood of an intermittent fault.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple example of an effectively random cause in a physical system is a borderline electrical connection in the wiring or a component of a circuit, where (cause 1, the cause that must be identified and rectified) two conductors may touch subject to (cause 2, which need not be identified) a minor change in temperature, vibration, orientation, voltage, etc. (Sometimes this is described as an &quot;intermittent connection&quot; rather than &quot;fault&quot;.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In computer software a program may (cause 1) fail to initialise a variable which is required to be initially zero; if the program is run in circumstances such that memory is almost always clear before it starts, it will malfunction on the rare occasions that (cause 2) the memory where the variable is stored happens to be non-zero beforehand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T11:37:00.463" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T11:37:00.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23413" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-11-01T04:52:00.577" Score="0" Body="An intermittent fault, often called simply an &quot;intermittent&quot;, is a malfunction of a device or system that occurs at intervals, usually irregular, in a device or system that functions normally at other times. Intermittent faults are common to all branches of technology, including computer software. " OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-11-01T11:37:04.423" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T11:37:04.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15200" CreationDate="2016-11-01T09:33:18.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across XRAY on Jira Cloud and i found its really usefull , i have started using in our company and relaced zephyr . Xray will give the opportunity to maintain both manual and automated test in one single interface. It support Rest api so you can import result from jenkins and update jira issues also. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.xpandit.plugins.xray/server/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.xpandit.plugins.xray/server/overview&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22213" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T09:33:18.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2095" CreationDate="2016-11-01T13:00:05.573" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across XRAY on Jira Cloud and i found its really usefull, I have started using in our company and replaced zephyr . Xray will give the opportunity to maintain both manual and automated test in one single interface. It support Rest api so you can import results from jenkins and update jira issues also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.xpandit.plugins.xray/server/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.xpandit.plugins.xray/server/overview&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22213" LastEditorUserId="22213" LastEditDate="2017-05-16T12:23:09.553" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T12:23:09.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23428" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23429" CreationDate="2016-11-01T17:39:23.787" Score="0" ViewCount="1016" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble with test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it necessary to make test cases for all use cases / user stories? Or is it enough to just make test cases for the most important functionality (including documents etc.)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Imagine I've made a test case for an ordering system. My test of the ordering system fails, so I give a description of how I encountered this error. So the developers fix this error and now I have to test it again. Do I simply use the same test case as previous? If I do, do I just increment the version of the test case document?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22222" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T16:00:17.453" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T16:00:17.453" Title="How many test cases?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;static-testing&gt;&lt;dynamic-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23428" CreationDate="2016-11-01T18:19:03.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You only need to test for things that you care about. If you care about all functionality then you should test it. Sometimes you do not have time to do that, so you test the most important things. The key is to communicate what you doing so that no one is surprised that something was not covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should absolutely run the same test to validate the fix, but I would add that you should &quot;test around&quot; the failure and run related tests that may fail in a similar way. For example if an input was expecting a number and the bug was a crash when you enter a string, then try special characters and see if that also crashes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think you would incremental a test case version number unless you changed the test case, but I have never used test case version numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T18:19:03.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23408" CreationDate="2016-11-01T18:24:39.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;screenshot on failure. I had a problem where I was actually on a completely different page than I was expecting because of overlapping elements when I clicked a link. A screenshot can give really good information as to what is actually happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T18:24:39.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23433" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23434" CreationDate="2016-11-01T19:14:31.910" Score="1" ViewCount="798" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot figure out the logic behind the following formula:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Defect distribution= (Total number of defects / Functional Area) * Phase * Status&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I multiply by phase and status? How would the result make sense if I did? What would the unit be then?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This formula is based on the Zephyr tool support:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.getzephyr.com/resources/whitepapers/qa-metrics-value-testing-metrics-within-software-development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.getzephyr.com/resources/whitepapers/qa-metrics-value-testing-metrics-within-software-development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="22227" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T16:55:01.227" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T16:55:01.227" Title="Defect distribution equation explanation" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23433" CreationDate="2016-11-01T19:28:58.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree: that equation is confusing.  I think what they're trying to say is that the defect distribution is a set of four-tuples of the form &lt;code&gt;(functional area, test phase, bug status, total defects in that function area for that test phase and that bug status)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, imagine a table with those four columns.  You could take different slices through the data to infer things about your project and your test process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-11-01T19:28:58.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23436" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-01T19:57:35.787" Score="-1" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;While running my entire suite of tests, many tests from the WebDriver module are also running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that they fail. Mostly for this reason:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ReferenceError: expect is not defined&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My own tests run fine, and succeed and pass on their own it seems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone shed light on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshots included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i35mW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i35mW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MlpMe.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MlpMe.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22223" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T15:57:17.850" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T15:57:17.850" Title="Why are these Webdriver tests running with my own Mocha-Protractor tests?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23438" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23440" CreationDate="2016-11-02T01:05:44.703" Score="2" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've heard about Selenium in several different contexts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&lt;/a&gt; says Selenium automates browsers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But exactly what role does 'Selenium' play in that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T13:10:21.873" Title="What role does selenium play in automated browser testing?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-11-10T12:14:00.530" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23438" CreationDate="2016-11-02T01:05:44.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a set of technologies and implementations that allow you to automate browser interactions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A key part is that the major manufacturers have provided an api that allow for automated interaction with the DOM of their browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These interactions are then made available to tools and languages that can use them to build test cases in the language and testing framework of choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most simple one is the Selenium IDE which is a firefox (only) plugin that allows you to write simple local automation running on your machine and using Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond this the selenium API is provided to programming languages such as Python, C#, Java and Ruby through modules that are formatted appropriately for those languages, for example with Ruby this is the capybara gem which is combined with a test framework such as rspec or Test::Unit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T01:05:44.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23438" CreationDate="2016-11-02T02:44:12.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Michael Durrant pointed out, Selenium is a set of technologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most used is the Selenium Webdriver - which is in the process to become a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;W3C standard&lt;/a&gt;. The Webdriver is a browser driver - a tool which can perform actions ('click in an element', 'input text in a field') and inspect the DOM ('retrieve the text from a element'). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is completely agnostic (i.e., &lt;strong&gt;does not perform&lt;/strong&gt;) on the following tasks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assertions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test specification (The usage flow of action);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System modeling (Page-Object Pattern, i.e.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first point is usually responsibility of a XUnit framework (&lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://pyunit.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PyUnit&lt;/a&gt;). The other two points are performed by the automation framework the you are building. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For tests specifications, &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt; is a tool that can fit in most projects - the work needed here are in hooks for test precondition setting and teardown. System modeling depends highly on your context - for web apps, tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/natritmeyer/site_prism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Site Prism&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/page-objects/1.1.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;page-object&lt;/a&gt; can help, but this is where most software engineering work is implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bad smell in a automation project is when code for this 4 tasks (browser manipulation, assertions, test specification and system modeling) are intertwined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T02:44:12.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23428" CreationDate="2016-11-02T04:49:44.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agreed with David Cain for the answer at 1st answer,&#xA;But for the 2nd answer ;&#xA;When you are running the same test case for the 2nd time, add a separate column with the heading &quot;test cycle number&quot; so you can run the test case for n number of cycles.&#xA;eg: Test cycle 1,Test cycle 2,Test cycle 3...etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also dont forget to keep the track of Actual results for each and every cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T04:49:44.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23443" CreationDate="2016-11-02T05:58:03.610" Score="-1" ViewCount="22213" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to verify a log in action by using assert command in Selenium Webdriver (java):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username: admin&#xA;password :admin&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I entered an invalid password, it displays a message like wrong username or password. I tried with the code below, but the assert command is failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RJxtG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RJxtG.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Pages;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginPage &#xA;{&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;       @FindBy(id=&quot;userName&quot;)&#xA;       WebElement username;&#xA;       @FindBy(id=&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;       WebElement password;&#xA;       @FindBy(className=&quot;btn-info&quot;)&#xA;       WebElement button;&#xA;       public LoginPage(WebDriver driver)&#xA;       {&#xA;        //initialize elements&#xA;          PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;&#xA;       }&#xA;       public void set_username(String usern)&#xA;       {&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(usern);&#xA;       }&#xA;       public void set_password(String userp)&#xA;       {&#xA;        password.clear();&#xA;        password.sendKeys(userp);&#xA;       }&#xA;       public void click_button()&#xA;       {&#xA;        button.submit();&#xA;       }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;package Test;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import Pages.LoginPage;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginTest&#xA;{&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup()&#xA;{&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://twhyderabad.github.io&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=5)&#xA;public void verify1()&#xA;{&#xA;    LoginPage login=new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    login.set_username(&quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;    login.set_password(&quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;    login.click_button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Blog&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=1)&#xA;public void verify2()&#xA;{&#xA;    LoginPage login=new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    login.set_username(&quot;adm&quot;);&#xA;    login.set_password(&quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;    login.click_button();&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='errorMessage']&quot;)),&quot;Wrong username or password!&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=2)&#xA;public void verify3()&#xA;{&#xA;    LoginPage login=new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    login.set_username(&quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;    login.set_password(&quot;adm&quot;);&#xA;    login.click_button();&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='errorMessage']&quot;)),&quot;Wrong username or password!&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2019-02-19T11:11:10.440" LastActivityDate="2020-07-15T15:34:48.357" Title="How to verify using assert command?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23442" CreationDate="2016-11-02T06:09:51.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Locate the element of the &quot;Wrong username or password&quot; label and get the text of it.&#xA;then use assert the text , So if the assert get pass you can say entered username or password is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T06:09:51.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23442" CreationDate="2016-11-02T06:18:19.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assert is failing because assertEquals() is trying to compare an WebElement with a string.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, Store the respective element in a variable and then use getText() method on the element, which would return a string and then call assertEquals() which compares both strings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement errorMessage= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='errorMessage']&quot;);&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(errorMessage.getText(),&quot;Wrong username or password!&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T06:31:58.063" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T06:31:58.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20509" CreationDate="2016-11-02T10:35:49.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe this will help someone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case, there was file upload form, thats hidden. So after making it visible (in this case, change class), its possible to use SendKeys and send file path to that element, thus uploading file (if it exists in that VM)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    string filePath = &quot;C://File//Path/File.txt&quot;;&#xA;    IJavaScriptExecutor js = driver as IJavaScriptExecutor;&#xA;    js.ExecuteScript(&quot;document.getElementById('import-file-btn').className = 'btn'&quot;);&#xA;    Find(import-file-btn).SendKeys(filePath);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T10:35:49.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23446" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-02T11:20:49.273" Score="1" ViewCount="10346" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used the following code but its not working..&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nFRnN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nFRnN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select Section = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;section-1k&quot;)));&#xA;        Section.selectByVisibleText(&quot;A&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By myBy = By.cssSelector(&quot;[id^='select2-section'][id$='container']&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myElement = driver.findElement(myBy);&#xA;Select select = new Select(myElement);&#xA;&#xA;select.selectByVisibleText(&quot;A&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its not wroking and did not select element from section drop down. after run this case showing error in console : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.UnexpectedTagNameException: Element should have been &quot;select&quot; but was &quot;span&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would please give me any other suggestion for this. You see my attachment I am easily select class element with the following script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select Class = new Select (driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;class&quot;))); &#xA;Class.selectByVisibleText(&quot;One&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for section drop down its showing error when try using this as per your suggestion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please see the attachment for detail HTML Tag.&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uM58I.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uM58I.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18781" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2017-05-20T15:26:06.943" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T20:32:36.893" Title="How to select element from &quot;Selection&quot; dropdown using 'id&quot; tag" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23446" CreationDate="2016-11-02T12:26:51.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The drop-down list is a select node. Go up in the html and find the id of the select node. and then select any option by visible text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id of select node&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;your desired type&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you should import: &lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;You can also select options from drop-down list by its value but not with the id tag of the span you mentioned before!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11797" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T05:38:05.547" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T05:38:05.547" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23386" CreationDate="2016-11-02T12:47:19.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way that I did in my project is that I created a class as CustomActions which needs a Webdriver object for construction: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package utils.selenium;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;&#xA;class CustomActions{&#xA;&#xA;    private static final String JS_SCROLL_TO_TOP_PAGE = &quot;scrollTo(0, 0)&quot;;&#xA;    private static final String JS_MOUSE_SCROLL_DRAFT = &quot;scroll(%s, %s)&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    private Actions actions;&#xA;    private WebDriver webDriver;&#xA;&#xA;    CustomActions(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.webDriver = driver;&#xA;        this.actions = new Actions(this.webDriver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    void jsExecuteScript(String text){&#xA;        ((JavascriptExecutor) this.webDriver).executeScript(text);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    void goToTopPage() {&#xA;         this.jsExecuteScript(JS_SCROLL_TO_TOP_PAGE);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    void scroll(int horizontal, int vertical) {&#xA;        this.jsExecuteScript(String.format(JS_MOUSE_SCROLL_DRAFT, String.valueOf(horizontal), String.valueOf(vertical)));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    void dragAndDropBy(WebElement element, int horizontal, int vertical) {&#xA;        this.actions.dragAndDropBy(element, horizontal, vertical).build().perform();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can wrap any actions that you need here. Then in your driver class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package utils.selenium;&#xA;&#xA;public final class Driver {&#xA;    private static final long DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 100;&#xA;    private static final long DEFAULT_SHORT_TIMEOUT = 1;&#xA;&#xA;    private static Driver wrappedDriver;&#xA;    private static WebDriver webDriver;&#xA;    private Waiter waiter;&#xA;    private CustomActions customActions;&#xA;&#xA;    private Driver(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.waiter = new Waiter(driver);&#xA;        this.customActions = new CustomActions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;        webDriver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        webDriver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    ...// many other required things&#xA;    // Then your required actions:&#xA;    public void scrollToTopOfThePage() {&#xA;        customActions.goToTopPage();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void scrollMouse(int horizontal, int vertical) {&#xA;        customActions.scroll(horizontal, vertical);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void executeCustomJS(String js) {&#xA;        customActions.jsExecuteScript(js);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void dragAndDropBy(WebElement element, int horizontal, int vertical) {&#xA;        customActions.dragAndDropBy(element, horizontal, vertical);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was just an idea that I used in my codes and I hope it gives you a good idea. Actually your question is really nice and I hope a more expert user comes here with a perfect answer. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11797" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T12:47:19.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23438" CreationDate="2016-11-02T13:10:21.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; is an &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;open-sourced&lt;/a&gt; API which lays atop the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriver&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a set of semi-standardized &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7933/where-i-can-get-all-the-commands-related-to-web-driver-selenium-2/7940#7940&quot;&gt;commands&lt;/a&gt; for the different WebDrivers, branching over multiple languages, which allows a user to easily send and receive commands and information from the WebDriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T13:10:21.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23433" CreationDate="2016-11-02T16:12:48.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not uncommon for software engineering metrics to completely ignore the units on either side of the equation, lifting two fingers at the concept of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensional_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dimensional analysis&lt;/a&gt;. The whitepaper describes the metric as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Though somewhat simplistic, a basic way of looking at defect distribution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you follow their advice there if you want to use their metric. There are other ways of tracking the spread of defects across a project lifecycle if you should prefer to use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22227" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T16:12:48.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23451" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-02T16:23:23.617" Score="0" ViewCount="499" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test case folder I am looking to copy into a different project. All the test cases have been executed and are in different test sets. When I copy over the test case folder, I would like to copy over the test sets they have been executed in as well. Can this be done. Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks,&#xA;Kiran&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22237" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T13:37:38.823" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T15:00:03.483" Title="HPQC: Copy test cases to a new project along with the test sets they have been executed in" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23409" CreationDate="2016-11-02T16:30:46.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, write tests for your database access layer to ensure that a bug in the database access layer does not cause duplicate records.  For example, you might ensure that a single insertObject call always results in the correct number of database inserts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, mock out the database in your other unit tests, then add unit tests to ensure that the code under test uses the database access layer in the intended way.  For example, you  might ensure that an operation that should only call insertObject once does not call insertObject multiple times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T16:30:46.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22474" CreationDate="2016-11-02T16:48:49.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you could use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.visualstudio.testtools.uitesting.uitestcontrol.filterproperties(v=vs.120).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FilterProperties&lt;/a&gt; if it is supported by the technology you use to find your control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FilterProperties works as a &quot;Or&quot; when SearchProperties works as a &quot;And&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;this.FilterProperties[WinWindow.PropertyNames.ClassName] = &quot;.class1&quot;&#xA;this.FilterProperties[WinWindow.PropertyNames.ClassName] = &quot;.class2&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can still combinated it with the SearchProperties (but for other properties otherwise the SearchProperties will have predominance on the FilterProperties).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;this.SearchProperties[WinWindow.PropertyNames.Name] = &quot;MyControl&quot;;&#xA;this.FilterProperties[WinWindow.PropertyNames.ClassName] = &quot;.class1&quot;&#xA;this.FilterProperties[WinWindow.PropertyNames.ClassName] = &quot;.class2&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22238" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T16:48:49.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23446" CreationDate="2016-11-02T17:38:43.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming there are no differences between your screenshots and what you're really working with, the likely reason your code snippet isn't working is because you must use the entire id name which would be &lt;code&gt;select2-section-1k-container&lt;/code&gt;.  If you want to target it with a partial name, you can do something more like: &lt;code&gt;By.cssSelector([id*='section-1k'])&lt;/code&gt; which will target any element whose id contains that sub-string.  Make sure though that it doesn't target more than one element though, otherwise you'll end up talking to the wrong one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I'm understanding correctly, the 1k in your id may change, but no other parts of it.  Assuming that we're going to always have &lt;code&gt;select2-section-&lt;/code&gt; before and &lt;code&gt;-container&lt;/code&gt; after... You could target those two sections separately &lt;code&gt;[id^='select2-section'][id$='container']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this css example, we're saying that we want to target an element whose attribute (id in our case) starts with a value, but also ends with a value.  Those rules are described with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*= contains substring&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;^= values begins with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;$= value ends with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry, I should've included an example of how to actually use it too...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By myBy = By.cssSelector(&quot;[id^='select2-section'][id$='container']&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myElement = driver.findElement(myBy);&#xA;Select select = new Select(myElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, you seem to be using correct syntax for what you're trying to do.  So you need to determine why the selector you're trying to use isn't working.  That's not something anyone is going to be able to give you an answer for unless you share the real web page with the elements you need help with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few reasons that it could be failing, however:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using ^= to find a value that isn't the true beginning&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using $= to find a value that isn't the true end&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The css selector you're using is locating more than one element, such that the one you intended isn't the first found.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find browser addons that let you more easily validate css selectors and will highlight any and all elements that match a css selector you provide.  But in the absense of a browser addon, you can use the browser console to test 1-off selectors.  The way you do this differs a bit depending on whether you want to use vanilla js, or another such as jquery.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm less familiar how to do it with vanilla js, but you can quickly test if a web page uses jquery by typing &lt;code&gt;$(&quot;&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;$$(&quot;&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;$j(&quot;&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;.  If any of those do NOT give you an error for not being defined, then you have that version of jquery, and you can put css selectors inside those quotes to test directly in the browser.  This is a good tool for testing your css selectors and quickly making tweaks before running your potentially bulky and more time consuming test(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T17:04:42.867" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T17:04:42.867" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23456" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-02T20:34:57.353" Score="1" ViewCount="2735" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excuse me if this question was asked already, I could not find it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a web page that has a table that uses a pager, and that have different filters to filter the columns. The table contains 50 rows per page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After applying a filter I want to count how many rows the filter has returned; to do so I need to go through all the pages that are available and for each page count the number of the rows that are there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To go to the next page I have an right arrow &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; that I can click on. When I am on the last page, the arrow becomes disabled and I can no longer click on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: &lt;strong&gt;is there a way to test if the arrow is still clickable?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should mention that my home page uses AngularJS to populate the table, so I use &lt;code&gt;ng-click&lt;/code&gt; and give it a method that load the next page of the table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22240" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-11-02T20:52:51.040" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T11:05:08.737" Title="Selenium test if an arrow to go through the pages is still clickable" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23456" CreationDate="2016-11-02T20:59:37.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two ways: locate optional element (if arrow to next page is hidden), or check if arrow is enabled (if arrow is not hidden but just disabled).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to deal with optional element: &lt;code&gt;find_elements()&lt;/code&gt; will not wait, but return list of elements using your location strategy. So if list is empty, there are no such elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If element is present (displayed) but disabled: Python and likely other languages have a helper class &lt;code&gt;expected_conditions&lt;/code&gt;. It has many useful goodies (read the docs), one of them is &lt;code&gt;element_to_be_clickable&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, Python works hard to make code readable. Seems you are beginner programmer, I highly recommend using Python with Selenium, and learn to use interactive debugger &lt;code&gt;pdb&lt;/code&gt; to inspect your elements. Saves me ton of time every day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-11-02T20:59:37.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23460" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23480" CreationDate="2016-11-03T06:25:35.620" Score="2" ViewCount="1521" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a noob in Selenium testing. I am developing test scripts that is to be tested across different browsers (Chrome, Firefox, IE and Opera). I know the following locators can be used to identify web elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;id&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tag Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Class Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Css Selector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link Text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partial Link Text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but my questions are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I choose best selector considering the test performance? (both in terms of speed and reliability)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which element selectors are faster and which are slower?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I choose selector to run the test across browsers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T12:15:46.233" Title="Choosing the best web element locator" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-10T12:14:08.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23460" CreationDate="2016-11-03T07:55:17.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with the answers given here &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16788310/what-is-the-difference-between-css-selector-xpath-which-is-betteraccording-t?rq=1&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16788310/what-is-the-difference-between-css-selector-xpath-which-is-betteraccording-t?rq=1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a lot of conflicting information about this on the web, and it is a great pity that the Selenium website itself is not sharing some thoughts on this topic. I suppose that it is always a struggle to find the time to make better documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22227" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T07:55:17.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23460" CreationDate="2016-11-03T12:22:27.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to this &lt;a href=&quot;http://t.umblr.com/redirect?z=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slideshare.net%2FApplitools%2Fdave-haeffners-proven-method-to-grading-the-quality-of-selenium-tests&amp;amp;t=MzEzZDQ3Nzk1OGFhY2MyNjlhZDVkODMxY2U2NzdjOTQ2MWEwNmVlNyxVUnFqQ1p0Nw%3D%3D&amp;amp;b=t%3ANLFYgfh4nj2k83dl9_xdwQ&amp;amp;m=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Presentation&lt;/a&gt; the best locators in terms of speed and stability are (in this order) ID, CLASS, CSS Selectors, XPath. As can be sen on the slides, Css Selectors are usually faster than xpath selectors. For me personally Xpath apears to be more easily readable, but I'm also trying to use Css Selectors over Xpath when neither Id nor Classes can be used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11612" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T12:22:27.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23451" CreationDate="2016-11-03T13:54:36.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;By using Test plan module you can copy your test cases to another project.If you try on Test lab module it wont work. make sure you are in the Test Plan module when trying to copy the folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you cannot copy the status, because it will be a new project you need to run them again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastActivityDate="2016-11-03T13:54:36.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23468" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-03T14:09:34.507" Score="0" ViewCount="886" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to figure out an efficient way of triggering some builds on different branches in a set order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My setup is that i have 4 separate builds that all link together but need to be run on set branches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Database&#xA;Client&#xA;Cucumber Tests&#xA;Library&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment I can run these in a set order on say a master branch, each build triggering the next one if successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But what I want to achieve is say i make a commit to Cucumber Tests but need any of the other jobs on a different branch, how could i handle that and still in the required order. I have read that there is such a thing as a &lt;code&gt;Jenkins&lt;/code&gt; file and I could specify branches in there ? if so how would i then trigger the other jobs on the relevant branches?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this makes sense but any questions then please ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-11-03T16:08:15.567" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T19:51:31.750" Title="Triggering different jenkins build in order" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-05-09T08:47:54.167" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23468" CreationDate="2016-11-03T14:54:24.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can cause the completion of one build to trigger another.  You can also pass parameters to a build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Edit)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, some terminology: I'll refer to each of Database, Client, Cucumber Tests, and Library as a &lt;em&gt;repository&lt;/em&gt;.  A &lt;em&gt;job&lt;/em&gt; is how Jenkins defines it: a runnable task controlled/monitored by Jenkins.  A &lt;em&gt;build&lt;/em&gt; is an execution of a job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Two Schemes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two schemes for causing a version control commit to start a build would be Push and Pull.  &lt;em&gt;Push&lt;/em&gt; means the version control system takes an action that causes Jenkins to start a build.  &lt;em&gt;Pull&lt;/em&gt; means Jenkins polls the version control system for changes that justify starting a build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each scheme starts with creating a job with four parameters, one per build.  Each parameter specifies a branch name.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Push&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a Push scheme, a build would be launched by a commit hook in the version control system.   For example, if the OP uses Git, they can use the post-commit hook to determine which branch had changed and then issue an HTTP request to Jenkins to launch the build.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That assumes there is network connectivity between the committer and Jenkins, and that any Jenkins access control issues can be worked out.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If access control is not a problem but there is no network connectivity, it may be possible for commit hook to post a build request to an intermediary, and then for the intermediary to cause Jenkins to launch a build. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pull&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal for the Pull system would be to configure Jenkins to poll for changes in all branches of four repository.  Jenkins has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Multiple+SCMs+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Multiple SCMs Plugin&lt;/a&gt; that might do what you want.  The documentation says the plugin was deprecated in favor of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Pipeline+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pipeline Plugin&lt;/a&gt;.  You might try looking at that too.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to create four &quot;launcher&quot; jobs, one per repository.  Each launcher job would poll the version control system for changes in its corresponding repository.  The &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Git+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Git Plugin&lt;/a&gt; supports polling all branches.  When it detects change, it would launch a build with the appropriate branch information.  You will have to research how to determine &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt; specific branch has changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T19:51:31.750" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T19:51:31.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23470" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-03T15:52:32.207" Score="4" ViewCount="339" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to execute in  Oracle's Test Manager, an automatic test which I created in Oracle's OpenScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My script in OpenScript is executed successfully as you can see below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bHNI3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bHNI3.png&quot; alt=&quot;OpenScript test execution&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I execute the same test in Test Manager, I get a &lt;code&gt;Find Object timeout&lt;/code&gt; . You can see below the error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0S5Bx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0S5Bx.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test Manager test execution&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this error, I have added the following event in my OpenScript test case and tried to execute it again from Test Manager. The error persists; the only change is that the time before the timeout increased to 300.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        web.image(&#xA;            99,&#xA;            &amp;quot;/web:window[@index='0' or @title='Checkout | Test Store']/web:document[@index='0']/web:img[@index='4' or @src='http://duckshop.scl.intra/duckshop/cache/6e12ca9108aae3731f906138977ccac52f2a38b5320x320_fwb.png']&amp;quot;)&#xA;            .waitFor(300);&#xA;    {&#xA;        think(3.056);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do I get this error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: As I have discovered only the first time the test is passed. I&#xA;tried to use command line option while executing the test such as that&#xA;no cookies will be stored or cache, but still I can't solve my&#xA;problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22260" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T11:57:51.883" LastActivityDate="2020-07-14T11:57:51.883" Title="Successful test from OpenScript fails in Test Managger with “Find Object Timeout” error (Oracle)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;oracle-ats&gt;&lt;oracle-openscript&gt;&lt;timeout&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22476" CreationDate="2016-11-03T16:16:18.840" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is actually a very problematic question. I would argue that it is better only in some aspects. First of all, as you have said, it is cheaper and faster - in short term. If you have only a few days to test everything, there's hardly any time to automate something. But for longer periods of testing automation could bring benefits as long as automated tests are properly constructed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, most popular platforms such as Selenium cannot perform CSS testing/visual regression testing (unlike a manual tester). But there are many new QA automation tools developed by now, so one could pick an appropriate one for their project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21186" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T22:53:52.970" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T22:53:52.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23472" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-03T21:21:57.847" Score="1" ViewCount="9568" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am beginner automation tester.  Currently using Selenium IDE and I am trying to open a page in a new browser tab.  Used the following commands:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) Click &#xA;(2) WaitForPopUp&#xA;(3) Select Popup&#xA;(4) VerifyText&#xA;(5) Close&#xA;(6) SelectWindow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object that is being clicked is an image with a link and when clicked, it is supposed to open a new page in a separate tab.  Browser being used is FireFox.  Any help would be most appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22264" LastActivityDate="2019-12-01T22:38:15.563" Title="How do you open a new tab in Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23476" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23501" CreationDate="2016-11-04T09:30:50.267" Score="1" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to automate a web application. I am using selenium. But I am confused about how to select a framework. &#xA;Selenium framework : &#xA;1.Keyword driven framework, &#xA;2.Data driven framework, &#xA;3.Hybrid framework and also page object design pattern. &#xA;Which framework do I need to select?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;which one is best for automating a web application ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="22227" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T15:29:05.170" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T10:53:31.137" Title="How to choose a framework in selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22316" CreationDate="2016-11-04T10:34:18.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the PDA can be accessed by network (WiFi or Ethernet), you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; which use image reconnaissance and &lt;a href=&quot;https://archive.realvnc.com/pipermail/vnc-list/2002-September/033475.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Real VNC&lt;/a&gt; (or another VNC server).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli will have to run on PC with the VNC client connected to the VNC server on your PDA that will display it's screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used this method in the past on WinCE and it work well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I am not affiliated to Sikuli or Real VNC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22238" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T10:34:18.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23479" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-04T10:56:06.560" Score="0" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing the load testing by using IBM rational performance tester on an application. I want to monitor the various resources like servers, middleware, networking etc. during the load testing in order to pinpoint the bottleneck. What monitoring tools I can use with IBM rational performance tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T07:35:07.687" Title="What monitoring tools are available to monitor the load testing being done by IBM rational performance tester?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;rpt&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23460" CreationDate="2016-11-04T12:37:13.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;George Ritzmann has the correct answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ClassName&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LinkText&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PartialLinkText&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CssSelector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XPath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non-TL;DR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand the execution time of a find we must first understand what a find does and why the different By's would have different execution speed and what could cause it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we start with the Find methods inside of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/RemoteWebDriver.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RemoteWebDriver&lt;/a&gt; object. This calls to execute &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/DriverCommand.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DriverCommand&lt;/a&gt;.FIND_ELEMENT. Execute calls the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/HttpCommandExecutor.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HttpCommandExecutor&lt;/a&gt; which sends the find request to the WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to skip over a few steps at this point because quite frankly, it's extremely convoluted. At this point though the request is forwarded on into the browser. Based on older implementations of the WebDriver, it was solely JS driven. The issue with it being JS driven is that it will vary greatly from one browser to the next. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be evident by using IE, especially older versions. IE's JS engine was notoriously slow for XPath and slightly quicker for CssSelectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this implementation takes place differently for each browser, there sadly is not a surefire answer to this question. It can vary from one WebDriver to the next. But the standard is the one posted above due to simplicity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want to determine the best implementation on a browser though the easiest way will be to determine what is fastest for JQuery or Javascript (Which you will likely find a lot of answers for). Chances are the implementation in the searching functions are extremely similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some other important things to take into consideration when choosing the way that you decide to implement your selectors:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintainability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Readability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reliability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team Skill&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequency of change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T12:15:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T12:15:46.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3649" CreationDate="2016-11-04T13:04:35.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutely RFT and RPT can be used to do functional and performance testing of Finnacle. I have worked with a couple of teams doing exactly the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this question is dated but would you be able to share the results of your usage here ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22278" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T13:04:35.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5037" CreationDate="2016-11-04T13:09:54.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There have been many improvements over the years in the 64-bit application testing and the speeds are now comparable. However, as suggested, using the find() API to locate objects leveraging the strong scripting SDK assists in creating reusable and maintainable scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Were you able to use the find() API for your scripting ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22278" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T13:09:54.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2016-11-04T13:16:57.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way to work with Captcha in Selenium would be to give a wait time for an element that is loaded after entering the captcha, enter the captcha manually and then proceed further. The part of captcha entering cannot be automated unless something very complex is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22279" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T13:16:57.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17649" CreationDate="2016-11-04T13:34:51.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because of Firefox having trouble with Java and Java not wanting to anymore support applets in Java, we noticed trouble testing web applications in Firefox with RFT. However, with the latest RFT fixpack (8.6.0.9), it seems that its functional again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, now there is no need to either enable the browser or the JRE! This leads to significant improvements. I would encourage you to try the latest version and report your findings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22278" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T13:34:51.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14363" CreationDate="2016-11-04T13:41:18.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used both Apache POI library to read and write data from an Excel Spreadsheet from an RFT test as well as imported from a CSV file into an RFT datapool. Both work good. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a good tutorial on Apache POI at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/apache_poi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/apache_poi/&lt;/a&gt;. It has simple enough APIs to create/open/read/edit Excel spreadsheets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22278" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T13:41:18.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12209" CreationDate="2016-11-04T13:47:16.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you upgrade to the latest fixpack of RFT 8.6 (8.6.0.9), then you don't need to enable the Firefox browser anymore and can skip that step. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22278" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T13:47:16.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18604" CreationDate="2016-11-04T13:50:55.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The RFT datapool can be created from a CSV file but not from an XML file. However, searching for &quot;Convert XML file to a CSV file&quot; on the internet yielded many results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you could develop/use a library to read from an XML file and insert the calls into a standard RFT Java test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22278" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-08-27T07:55:11.643" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T07:55:11.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16433" CreationDate="2016-11-04T13:57:43.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is dated but are you still looking for this integration ? There is an RFE open on this topic at &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rfe/execute?use_case=viewRfe&amp;amp;CR_ID=44398&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rfe/execute?use_case=viewRfe&amp;amp;CR_ID=44398&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;that you could go vote and influence a change. I would strongly encourage you to do that if there is still the need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22278" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T13:57:43.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23489" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23490" CreationDate="2016-11-04T14:21:32.570" Score="0" ViewCount="2120" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having trouble capturing the regex in xpath for list of web elements in Selenium Web driver automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have new, change, old tabs on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@data-target='#newFieldsTab']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried match but it didn't worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[matches(@data-target='FieldsTab')]&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22281" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T14:53:55.290" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T14:54:11.783" Title="Regex xpath expression in Selenium automation" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23489" CreationDate="2016-11-04T14:27:21.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can achieve this by using the xPath expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(@data-target,'FieldsTab’)]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22282" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T14:54:11.783" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T14:54:11.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23492" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-04T15:34:47.437" Score="1" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a new project for which requirements are being managed in Jira. My previous experience is using Jama to manage requirements, test cases and finally test cycles and test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really like the Jama Test Center in that it lets you create test runs based on test cases. I also like how the Jama REST API allows you to write results to the test runs such that test automation can be achieved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: is there a Jira plugin that has similar features to the Jama Test Center? So far, I've checked out Zypher and Bamboo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22087" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T15:34:47.437" Title="Jira Test Center plugin with similar functionality to the Jama Test Center" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;jira&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23504" CreationDate="2016-11-04T15:57:31.547" Score="1" ViewCount="694" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have my code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement elem = null;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(DriverContext.Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));               &#xA;elem = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.XPath(&quot;//div[contains(string(@id),'confirm')]/div/div[2]/a[1]&quot;)));&#xA;elem.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to run and it would give me below exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.InvalidOperationException: unknown error: Element is not clickable at point (437, 505). Other element would receive the click: &amp;lt;td style=&quot;width: 60%; padding-left: 5px; text-align: left;&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=54.0.2840.71)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.24.417431 (9aea000394714d2fbb20850021f6204f2256b9cf),platform=Windows NT 6.1.7601 SP1 x86_64)&#xA;Result StackTrace:  &#xA;at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.UnpackAndThrowOnError(Response errorResponse)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.Execute(String driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebElement.Click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I tried to use the implicitly waits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DriverContext.Driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));&#xA;elem = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.XPath(&quot;//div[contains(string(@id),'confirm')]/div/div[2]/a[1]&quot;)));&#xA;elem.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same exception error is displayed. But then I used Thread.Sleep() instead of implicitly waits- which I know is a bad practice, it miraculously worked. Am I on the right path?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="16170" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T19:23:10.130" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T21:56:53.193" Title="Why is explicit waits flaky?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23494" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25131" CreationDate="2016-11-04T17:03:28.367" Score="0" ViewCount="1169" Body="&lt;p&gt;After upgrading from selenium-server-standalone-3.0.0-beta2.jar to selenium-server-standalone-3.0.1.jar I am getting these console logs after creating each webdriver &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nov 04, 2016 12:56:34 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;  INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end&#xA;  Nov 04, 2016 12:56:36 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;  INFO: Detected dialect: OSS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the a sample code that creates the instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Parameters(&quot;myBrowser&quot;)&#xA;    public void beforemethod(String myBrowser, Method method) throws InterruptedException, MalformedURLException{&#xA;        RemoteWebDriver driver = null;&#xA;        if(myBrowser.equals(&quot;chrome&quot;)){&#xA;            new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;            DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();&#xA;            capabilities.setBrowserName(&quot;chrome&quot;);&#xA;            capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.WINDOWS);&#xA;            driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        }&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&lt;/a&gt;&quot;),  capabilities); is what is causing the console output. Some browsers will create and the test will run sucesfully, but over the course of the testing, the browers will fail to be created and all of the tests will be skipped&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19458" LastEditorUserId="19458" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T18:05:05.447" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T11:36:14.597" Title="Selenium 3.0.1 is failing to create new remotewebdriver instances" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17071" CreationDate="2016-11-04T17:08:07.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is usually a timeout after which RFT typically throws either an Exception dialog (which is can be turned on/off  through preferences)   or  stops the script with the  ObjectNotFound or some other exception  like WindowActivationFailed. I would suggest to have a look at the  RFT preferneces/Options  for various timeout values/delays  in  preferences/options  under Functional Test/Playback .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The playback Monitor does not display the   Coordinates  so that  should not  be causing this issue .&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22283" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T17:08:07.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23497" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23503" CreationDate="2016-11-04T19:34:35.460" Score="2" ViewCount="16801" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to get selenium to select a simple button that says next. I've tried XPath, CSS, and linktext and it still will not select it for me saying it cannot locate the element. Here is the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: The button is inside an i-frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn-next&quot; href=&quot;#&quot; data-next=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;Next&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure why it cannot locate the element, this is the xpath that came out from it but still It cannot locate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElement(By.Xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='step1']/button&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems I was missing some of the HTML. Here is the entire part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div class=&quot;form-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form data-capture=&quot;true&quot; data-ajax=&quot;false&quot; method=&quot;post&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;view1&quot; class=&quot;view active_view&quot; data-view-order=&quot;10&quot;     style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;step1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;btns&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;clear&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;I'm a&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn-next&quot; href=&quot;#&quot; data-next=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;Next&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:00:38.417" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:01:02.150" Title="How do I use a combination of attributes to select a button in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23497" CreationDate="2016-11-04T19:43:01.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a reason why you do not choose &lt;code&gt;findElement(By.Class(&quot;btn-next&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Without being able to see the whole DOM it is hard to say why exactly your Path does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22227" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:01:02.150" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:01:02.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23497" CreationDate="2016-11-04T19:46:58.090" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The HTML you show has no ID (it's &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; the href that has a &lt;code&gt;#&lt;/code&gt; btw, that's different).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElement(By.Xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='step1']/button&quot;))` &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will not work based on what you posted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Css is always my first go to for readability:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;findElement(By.Css(&quot;.btn-next[data-next='true']&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or by Class:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;findElement(By.Class(&quot;btn-next&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or by XPath&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;findElement(By.XPath(&quot;//*[@data-next]&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or your issue may be that multiple exist and you need multiple qualifiers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by Xpath example:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;findElement(By.XPath(&quot;//*[@data-next][@class='btn-next']&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on your new update with the HTML you could use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.Css(&quot;form div#step1 button.btn-next&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if it exists twice you might need:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.Css(&quot;form div#step1 ul.buttons button.btn-next&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.Css(&quot;form div#step1 ul.buttons button.btn-next:first-of-type&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might need to put the first-of-type on the form, the div, the ul, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as you can see the pattern with css is to have the elements and any qualifiers in a short compact format.&#xA;it depends on the rest of the page and if it has the stuff repeated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T20:29:47.140" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T20:29:47.140" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23493" CreationDate="2016-11-04T20:06:57.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a known problem with &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable.&lt;/code&gt;  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/issues/2313&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/angular/protractor/issues/2313&lt;/a&gt; for details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand it, if you use &lt;code&gt;ImplicitlyWait&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;wait.Until&lt;/code&gt; will keep trying the specified predicate until the condition is true or the timeout expires.  As the above bug report describes, &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable&lt;/code&gt; ought return false if the specified element is hidden behind another element, but instead it throws an exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep&lt;/code&gt; works because it waits long enough for your element to appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might try calling &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf&lt;/code&gt;  (inside &lt;code&gt;waitUntil&lt;/code&gt;) first to ensure the element is visible before calling &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T20:06:57.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23476" CreationDate="2016-11-04T20:09:14.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say say a framework I normally associate that, in Selenium, with meaning pick a language and test framework.  Is that what you mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The choices there are basically Java, C#, Python and Ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a Ruby guy so I know that next when you pick a test framework you are talking RSpec or TestUnit.  Similar framework exist for other languages.  The actual integration with the browser is done using Capybara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The usual criteria then is whatever language your organization has most skills in and is most comfortable with using.  If you need to hire folks the skills available in the local market may be a factor too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for using page objects that is a good practice regardless of language and Framework and the implementation of Page Objects which I have seen as static methods, dynamic methods, hash values variables, .yml files, etc.  The implementation isn't important is the abstraction into meaningful and DRY names that remove the element identifiers from the test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T10:53:31.137" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T10:53:31.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23497" CreationDate="2016-11-04T20:25:23.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this xpath -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;//button[@class='btn-next'][.='Next']&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the button visible when the selector is fired? If not first verify with ExpectedConditions if it is visible or clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10922" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T20:25:23.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23497" CreationDate="2016-11-04T21:39:10.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I actually found out why the above was not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is that it was inside an&lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;index_reg_iframe&quot; src=&quot;/main.php? a=user.register_iframe_fp&amp;amp;amp;no_header=1&amp;amp;amp;btn_bg_next=447DC3&amp;amp;amp;btn_ bg_next_hover=396ba8&amp;amp;amp;id=noadvert&amp;amp;amp;prg=1&amp;amp;amp;tour=1&amp;amp;amp;pg=1&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; height=&quot;450&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;410&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following command worked for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&quot;index_reg_iframe&quot;).findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='step1']/button&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you guys for brainstorming with me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:00:55.657" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:00:55.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23493" CreationDate="2016-11-04T21:56:53.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The name is misleading. The expectation &lt;code&gt;ElementToBeClickable&lt;/code&gt; doesn't really check that the element is clickable. It checks that the element &lt;strong&gt;is displayed&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;not disabled&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the click also checks that the element on top at the coordinates of the click is your element or a descendant. This additional test ensures that the element &lt;strong&gt;is really visible from a user perspective&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;Unfortunately, there's no built-in condition to test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If in your case you are facing a transition effect, then try to wait for a minimum height/width:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement elem = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.XPath(...)));&#xA;wait.until((WebDriver drv) -&amp;gt; elem.getSize().getHeight() &amp;gt; 15 ? element : null)&#xA;    .click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or try to click your element until it succeeds :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until((WebDriver drv) -&amp;gt; {&#xA;    try {&#xA;        elem.click();&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    } catch (WebDriverException ex) {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T21:56:53.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23505" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23507" CreationDate="2016-11-04T23:04:20.643" Score="1" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically my requirement/need is to capture some snippet of the logs from a log file (or in other words parse log file)and then check if that portion is a valid JSON also.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Any pointers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3092" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-13T00:24:51.917" LastActivityDate="2016-11-13T00:24:51.917" Title="How do I capture some portion of logs from a log file?" Tags="&lt;logs&gt;&lt;files&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14159" CreationDate="2016-11-04T23:16:06.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;we keep forgetting to handle all the numerous features&#xA;which were implemented in last few years.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is the the key to your problems and leads me to suggest focusing on a lot of different areas to improve the situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A comprehensive set of unit, integrated and user-acceptance tests of all functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good multi-media documentation with standards and a searchable index&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A good bug tracking system, e.g. jira, pivotal tracker, etc. also searchable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good code review and workflow system such as github&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code linting and grading&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think the grid of what affects what approach you are considering will scale or be maintained correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T23:16:06.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23505" CreationDate="2016-11-04T23:42:36.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;awk&lt;/code&gt; to search that portion for: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open brace, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;key value pairs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;close brace&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's for just 1 level, you'll need to develop it for more levels such as shown at &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://json.org/example.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://json.org/example.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-04T23:49:29.610" LastActivityDate="2016-11-04T23:49:29.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23479" CreationDate="2016-11-05T07:35:07.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking into &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/07/0417_patel/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using IBM Rational Performance Tester: Resource monitoring Part 1, Reporting and scheduling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are three resource monitoring data collectors provided in Rational Performance Tester:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Windows™ Performance Monitor for Microsoft® Windows® systems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;rstatd for Linux®/UNIX® systems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;IBM Tivoli® Monitoring (ITM) for monitoring a variety of platforms&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so Rational Performance Tester seem to be having everything you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I believe you can use any standalone tool or service, see i.e.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/top-10-monitoring-tools-every-devops-needs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Top 10 Monitoring Tools that Every DevOps Needs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.profitbricks.com/application-performance-management-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;40 Application Performance Management Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T07:35:07.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23512" CreationDate="2016-11-05T11:12:51.007" Score="0" ViewCount="1928" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium and can't find this class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//*[contains(@class, 'rc-imageselect-table-33')]&quot;)).Text; //works&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from this link &lt;a href=&quot;https://patrickhlauke.github.io/recaptcha/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://patrickhlauke.github.io/recaptcha/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the html has the class&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://prntscr.com/d3co2r&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://prntscr.com/d3co2r&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody help me ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22292" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-11-05T17:50:50.003" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T09:47:50.750" Title="selenium can't find class" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23509" CreationDate="2016-11-05T12:57:54.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you try please try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;rc-imageselect-table-33&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because most of the times finding an element through xpath can be a difficult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T12:57:54.287" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23505" CreationDate="2016-11-05T13:35:54.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nothing to do with selenium for log parsing. you need to use java/perl/python which ever language your are using for writing selenium test scripts.&#xA;But i implemented this kind of funtionality to check application logs.&#xA;While implementing this you need to check following:&#xA;1. whether your application logs are  generated with proper delimiters to indicate each row ?&#xA;2. Selenium test script and the application runs on same machine or different machine?&#xA;3. application runs on linux machine or windows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in general any application or any server logs will use some rotation feature to split the logs to chuncks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also it takes huge time to parse  large log files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so my advise is ,before starting the test ,using jsch library connect to remote server and start tailing the log and redirect to a temporary file and run this tailing command in background job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;now run another shell command over ssh connection using jsch and get the process id of background task and save it in a variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then perform your steps on application using selenium and this will generates application logs and the tailed log contains this  information alone,it takes less time to parse small log file and also you can get rid of log rotation problem.&#xA;now run anothet command over ssh connection and stop tailing the log and search thr temporary file for required pattren this also you can perform using via ssh connection using jsch library&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can get the string to local via ssh connection and you can assert for required log &#xA; hope it helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;_rajendra&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21057" LastActivityDate="2016-11-05T13:35:54.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23509" CreationDate="2016-11-05T14:13:43.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.CssLocator(&quot;img.rc-image-tile-33&quot;)).Text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and if this doesn't work try to put a parent container in front of the locator.&#xA;Example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;#tableID img.rc-image-tile-33&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably somewhere on the page there is another img with the same class name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22294" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-11-06T02:37:51.853" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T02:37:51.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23514" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-06T06:08:26.430" Score="1" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that elements in page objects can be initialized and used in both the following ways&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginPage &#xA;{&#xA;   WebDriver driver;&#xA;   By usernameLocator = By.id(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;   By passwordLocator = By.id(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;   By loginButton = By.className(&quot;radius&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; public LoginPage(WebDriver driver)&#xA; {&#xA;    this.driver=driver;&#xA; }&#xA; public void with(String username,String password)&#xA; {&#xA;    driver.findElement(usernameLocator).sendKeys(username);&#xA;    driver.findElement(passwordLocator).sendKeys(password);&#xA;    driver.findElement(loginButton).click();&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and also using PageFactory concept&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginPage &#xA;{&#xA;&#xA; WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA; @FindBy(how=How.ID, using=&quot;username&quot;)&#xA; public WebElement usernameLocator;&#xA;&#xA; @FindBy(how=How.ID, using=&quot;password&quot;)&#xA; public WebElement passwordLocator;&#xA;&#xA; @FindBy(how=How.CLASS_NAME, using=&quot;radius&quot;)&#xA; public WebElement loginButton;&#xA;&#xA; public LoginPage(WebDriver driver)&#xA; { &#xA;    this.driver=driver;     &#xA;    //Initialize elements&#xA;    PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; public void with(String username, String password)&#xA; {&#xA;    usernameLocator.sendKeys(username);&#xA;    passwordLocator.sendKeys(password);&#xA;    loginButton.click();&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the above two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which among the both options is a better choice?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the trade-off's between both the following options?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please explain&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T08:57:36.463" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T08:57:36.463" Title="Which is the better way of initializing elements in a page object?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-22T12:50:59.220" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23517" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-06T16:31:19.937" Score="0" ViewCount="28" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to gain knowledge about full architecture of enterprise level application deployment. I mean, place and positions of various components like load balancers, server multiple instances etc. How these multiple instances fit into the full enterprise level application architecture. Actually i have to monitor(for performance/load testing) a j2ee application deployed on weblogic server. The server is running with multiple instances, have load balancers and other enterprise level components. So i want to know how these multiple instances and load balancers fit into the picture and work. Can anybody tell me any link or guide having such info?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: In simple words i want to know about the enterprise level server architecture structure which includes load balancers, server instances, clustering etc as components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="7614" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T16:46:57.807" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T16:46:57.807" Title="Info about enterprise level application server architecture components required" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-07T06:59:22.503" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23517" CreationDate="2016-11-06T17:33:59.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no canonical deployment model for enterprise level applications.  The best way to learn about the deployment model for your J2EE application on a Weblogic server is to &lt;strong&gt;ask the people who own it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-11-06T17:33:59.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15481" CreationDate="2016-11-07T05:08:21.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/grosser/parallel_tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;parallel_tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T05:08:21.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22459" CreationDate="2016-11-07T05:32:35.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;right click on &quot;selendroid-standalone-0.17.0-with-dependencies.jar&quot; file in Windows Explorer, then open &quot;Properties&quot; and click on &quot;Unblock&quot; button in the bottom, then try again;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or if it will not help, try to execute &lt;code&gt;java -jar &quot;./selendroid-standalone-0.17.0-with-dependencies.jar&quot; -aut testapp.apk&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T05:32:35.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23523" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-07T05:57:05.043" Score="0" ViewCount="485" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working as Developer(Java/Grails) since 3 years, I would like to switch to Testing specially Automation testing. I would like to ask for some help. I just cannot yet decide what to refer for Testing, and how to be a proper tester? Please provide some tips, readings, links to blogs, etc. To help me get started on how to learn proper testing (from basics of SQA, manual testing and than higher level) and moreover how to move into automation testing. I am totally new to this field, if anyone of you can shoot out some nice advises that would be great as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully, I will get better idea and will be able to make good choice. Looking forward to your responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22305" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T02:25:25.003" LastActivityDate="2019-07-08T09:48:43.700" Title="Learn Software Testing and Automation Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;test-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-08T18:05:48.497" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22090" CreationDate="2016-11-07T06:01:08.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several solutions that add parallelization to JUnit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/MichaelTamm/junit-toolbox&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUnit toolbox&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kumaranuj.com/2013/07/run-your-unit-tests-in-parallel.html?view=classic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;EasyTest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://hwellmann.blogspot.pt/2009/12/running-parameterized-junit-tests-in.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;customized Parameterized runner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm not sure how they work with .csv files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7941" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T06:01:08.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22459" CreationDate="2016-11-07T07:02:59.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;double click on the &quot;selenium*.jar&quot; and Java jar file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to the command prompt and write the full path of your&#xA;directory where the above jar file exist.&#xA;for example, C:&gt;CD enter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write below command and then press enter key. your selenim server&#xA;will be automatically started.&#xA;java -jar selenium*.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good Luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22310" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T07:07:27.010" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T07:07:27.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23523" CreationDate="2016-11-07T07:13:58.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you choose the job, do not stick with Position like Software Developer, Software Tester, Project Manager, Business Analyst, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should start with &quot;What kind of job that you would like to work?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you prefer to work mostly on your own or you would like to work as a Team?&#xA;Do you want to have chance to speak with people?&#xA;Do you want to work more on analysis rather than execution?&#xA;Do you want to work under proper rules and regulations Or you prefer flexibility?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of Characters and Situations those are required to be successful in Software Quality career are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keen to learn&#xA;If you love to learn. Software Quality is a big world for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Easy to understand complex stuffs&#xA;We need to understand the application first before we could do proper testing. And we need to be able to understand things very fast due to time and resources constraints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Attention to Details&#xA;We can't ignore small things and let it pass our eyes. We need to be able to catch anything first - then decide whether to take action on it. You need your high performance radar to do the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuous Improvement Mindset&#xA;Quality is all about Continuous Improvement. We need to keep being better and better on What we do and How we do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Communication&#xA;You would need to talk and present a lot. Not only one in your QA Team but other stakeholders like Developer, Business Team, Customer, Project Manger, Architecture,...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make thing tangible&#xA;Quality is not that tangible. How to explain whether Software under test has good quality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We will need to work with a lot of data and information and be able to provide adequate information to the team to make decision base on fact and number not on feeling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Work well under pressure&#xA;There will be always pressure. Can you stay productive under various circumstances?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dynamic Environment&#xA;Situation will change everyday. What will you do when nothing may not going as planned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Flexibility&#xA;Nobody can have it all. Project Manger, Customer, Developer, QA, Stakeholders are all want something different. Can you be flexible enough on your stand point of quality to &quot;Deliver the BEST out without COMPROMISE&quot;? This is huge challenge and it's always fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real question may be not &quot;Why should I go for testing instead of developing?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be &quot;Is Software Testing be the right job for me?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, YES. After 10++ years, I still happy about it and learn new things everyday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22310" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T07:13:58.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22090" CreationDate="2016-11-07T07:16:54.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;By default I believe it runs tests sequentially.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JUnit 4.6 introduced an experimental ParallelRunner to run tests in parallel - I don't know of its current status. I would expect parallelism to remain an &quot;opt-in&quot; feature by default though. (Judging by other answers, it looks like this is now here to stay but in a slightly different form - and still opt-in.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good Luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22310" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T07:16:54.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-07T07:36:38.120" Score="5" ViewCount="1544" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on a building an automation testing framework using selenium+TestNG with over 1000 test cases.&#xA;The test cases I am writing use a lot of elements and I was thinking is it a good approach to read the elements from an external file(Plan to do this as there are too many xpaths in the code file which makes it difficult to read the code). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking that xpaths can be written to an excel(or other external) file and can be populated to a HashMap during execution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a good approach or should I stick to writing xpaths in the code files?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T21:30:51.083" Title="Reading locators for Testing suite from an external file" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23530" CreationDate="2016-11-07T08:18:49.900" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is against it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What difference does it make by storing all xpath in a seperate excel sheet? It does not make the number smaller.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Having an external file reduces maintainability, what happens someone loses tracks of it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You introduce additional complexities to your code, additional codes being open the external file, read it and close it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T08:18:49.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12079" CreationDate="2016-11-07T09:05:15.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#team-dev&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scrum guide&lt;/a&gt; does not recognize a separate QA role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scrum recognizes no titles for Development Team members other than&#xA;  Developer, regardless of the work being performed by the person; there&#xA;  are no exceptions to this rule;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is pretty nice to have someone with a lot of testing skills in the team, but this person should try to work with the team as any other developer, as the quality is a team effort not a personal responsibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA/Testers start programming with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/pair_programming.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pair programming&lt;/a&gt; sessions, this to become a full team-member in the long run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers start writing automated tests before coding, read these pages about &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Technical Excellence&lt;/a&gt; to get an idea about why and how.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers also do manual exploratory testing (maybe start in pairs again to get them onto speed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make quality a shared team responsibility.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated testing is part of the definition of done and not something you put on the backlog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first goal is to make sure they do not rely on you as a tester, spread the skills. Then start to integrate yourself as a developer in the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T6Gvx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/T6Gvx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ultimate goal is to become a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-shaped_skills&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;T-shaped&lt;/a&gt; or even better a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.davisbase.com/the-life-of-pi-moving-beyond-t-shaped-skills-for-agile-teams/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PI-shaped&lt;/a&gt; developer, where your expertise might be automated and manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T09:05:15.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23533" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-07T09:27:58.740" Score="0" ViewCount="5038" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to automate forgot password link. When click on forgot password link It goes to enter the email&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kwvR9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kwvR9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5G1cz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5G1cz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A link would be send via email. When click on that link we can get the change psssword option. On that page asking for current password, change password, confirm password. at last we can change the password &#xA;How to the forgot password link text ?&#xA;how to verify this email is getting or not using selenium webdriver with java ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T11:53:09.110" Title="How to test forgot password link?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;email&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23533" CreationDate="2016-11-07T09:34:26.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try fetching the emails from the email server by establishing a connection to it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://javamail.java.net/nonav/docs/api/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaMail API&lt;/a&gt; for this. Here's a tutorial to fetch the emails from a GMail account &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/javamail_api/javamail_api_checking_emails.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/javamail_api/javamail_api_checking_emails.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22315" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T09:34:26.143" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23535" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-07T09:35:20.427" Score="5" ViewCount="32028" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is Selenium 2.53.1 compatible with Firefox 47? Which version of Safari I need to install MacOs to have it working with Selenium 2.53.x? I've asked myself such question many times and I can see a lot of such questions online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any acceptance tests verifying compatibility between specific Selenium version and specific Web browser version?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a matrix available online showing results of such tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="2605" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T11:56:49.770" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T06:48:12.273" Title="Compatibility between Selenium WebDriver and the major web browsers" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23535" CreationDate="2016-11-07T10:29:18.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/about/platforms.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;right there&lt;/a&gt; on the Selenium website (see below). Of course, the Firefox compatibility might have changed with the recent updates (you now have to use Marionette), so that could have some impact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firefox&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Support for Firefox is the latest release, the previous release, the latest ESR release and the previous ESR release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example Selenium 2.40.0 (released on Feb 19, 2014) supports Firefox 27, 26, 24, 17&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium with Firefox can be run on any platform that Firefox supports for those versions, that also allow users to install a custom Firefox extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Internet Explorer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Versions 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 are supported. Version 11 requires additional configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The selenium project tests each release on Windows 7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Safari&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SafariDriver requires Safari 5.1+ (Note, due to Apple potentially dropping support &gt; Safari 6.X for Windows, new developments in the bindings may not work in the Windows platform)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opera&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;OperaDriver is supported by Opera Software, refer to their documentation for supported versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chrome&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;ChromeDriver is supported by the Chromium project, please refer to their documentation for any compatibility information&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;EDIT:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriver support is available for Internet Explorer (IE6 through IE11) via the open source IEDriverServer.exe provided by the Selenium Project.&#xA;The Microsoft Edge browser provides its own implementation of WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&lt;/a&gt; - the latest release supports Chrome v53 to v55.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Safari 10+, use Apple's SafariDriver (the one provided by Selenium is outdated).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T11:21:31.550" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T11:21:31.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23538" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15718" CreationDate="2016-11-07T10:45:40.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest using Rest Assured which is a Java Library to test Rest API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can integrate it with your existing UI Testing Framework if you have one.&#xA;Below is the example of automating GET Request using Rest Assured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import static com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured.*;&#xA;import com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured;&#xA;import com.jayway.restassured.response.Response;&#xA;&#xA;public class GetStatusCodeTest {&#xA;&#xA; @BeforeClass&#xA; public void setBaseUri () {&#xA;&#xA;  RestAssured.baseURI = &quot;https://maps.googleapis.com&quot;;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testStatusCode () {&#xA;&#xA;  Response res = &#xA;  given ()&#xA;  .param (&quot;query&quot;, &quot;restaurants in mumbai&quot;)&#xA;  .param (&quot;key&quot;, &quot;Xyz&quot;)&#xA;  .when()&#xA;  .get (&quot;/maps/api/place/textsearch/json&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  Assert.assertEquals (res.statusCode (), 200);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we check whether the response code is 200. If yes then the test has passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A detailed tutorial on Rest Assured can be found at below link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://restservicestesting.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://restservicestesting.blogspot.in/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22107" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T10:45:40.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14301" CreationDate="2016-11-07T10:49:29.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, you should ask from developers the API Documentation and understand it. Then prioritize the cases after discussion with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest using Rest Assured which is a Java Library to test Rest API.&#xA;You can integrate it with your existing UI Testing Framework if you have one. Below is the example of automating GET Request using Rest Assured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import static com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured.*;&#xA;import com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured;&#xA;import com.jayway.restassured.response.Response;&#xA;&#xA;public class GetStatusCodeTest {&#xA;&#xA; @BeforeClass&#xA; public void setBaseUri () {&#xA;&#xA;  RestAssured.baseURI = &quot;https://maps.googleapis.com&quot;;&#xA; } &#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testStatusCode () {&#xA;&#xA;  Response res = &#xA;  given ()&#xA; .param (&quot;query&quot;, &quot;restaurants in mumbai&quot;)&#xA; .param (&quot;key&quot;, &quot;Xyz&quot;)&#xA; .when()&#xA; .get (&quot;/maps/api/place/textsearch/json&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; Assert.assertEquals (res.statusCode (), 200);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we check whether the response code is 200. If yes then the test has passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A detailed tutorial on Rest Assured can be found at below link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://restservicestesting.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://restservicestesting.blogspot.in/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22107" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T10:49:29.347" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23544" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23545" CreationDate="2016-11-07T15:13:33.710" Score="1" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have implemented a test and some helper classes in the same file. When trying to run the test, we get a compiler error stating:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Compile Error: Argument 1: cannot convert from 'X' to 'Ranorex.Core.Testing.ITestModule'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I compile using the &quot;Build/Rebuild solution&quot; menu, it works. To me this does not seem to be a compiler error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I fix that compiler error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2018-05-02T07:25:02.537" Title="Compiler Error: cannot convert from 'X' to 'Ranorex.Core.Testing.ITestModule'" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23544" CreationDate="2016-11-07T15:13:33.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that you have defined multiple classes in the same file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When starting the test, Ranorex tries to run the class in which the cursor is currently located. If there's only one class per file, the cursor will always be in the test class and the test class can be converted to ITestModule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With multiple classes per file, the cursor might be placed in a different class that cannot be converted to ITestModule and it will generate a compiler error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this violates several usability principles. IMHO Ranorex should &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;disable the Run button in such a case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;not generate a compiler error but a runtime error, because the code can be compiled. It's just not possible to perform the case at runtime.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T15:13:33.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23530" CreationDate="2016-11-07T15:27:05.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code of tests should not contain xPathes. But that is done with architecture of tests. Code of tests should be separated from code of low-level actions (interaction with browser elements):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WNCvU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WNCvU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example test methods are in classes &lt;code&gt;GroupCreationTests&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;GroupDeletionTests&lt;/code&gt; and all low-level interaction in Helper classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-11-07T15:35:59.727" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T15:35:59.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23530" CreationDate="2016-11-07T15:50:46.793" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your tests are code, locators are code. Please leave the locators near the code and use a version control system. Why would you want to add another dependency?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Research &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Page Object model&lt;/a&gt; to centralize where the Xpath are stored, this is the current facto standard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T15:50:46.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23523" CreationDate="2016-11-07T17:04:13.243" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, it's good to have some vocabulary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/istqb-certification-the-definitive-guide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Guide&lt;/a&gt; can help you with that. I recommend reading the Chapter 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are not familiar with the agile mindset, a fast reading for the is also the &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-the-istqb-agile-tester-extension-certification/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Agile Guide&lt;/a&gt;. But for a deep dive, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; book is excellent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, about testing engineering, I recommend the following blog posts and videos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Engineering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2011/12/what-exploratory-testing-is-not-part-1-touring/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What Exploratory Testing Is Not&lt;/a&gt; | Part 1 of 5 (Worth read all five)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/652&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Tester’s Commitments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1509&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing 3.0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/procedure.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;General Functionality and Stability Test Procedure&lt;/a&gt; (Paper from 2000, where James Bach (follow this guy on Twitter) shows his process for testing the Windows OS using exploratory testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-ItEKt_N_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Understanding exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2012/07/few-hiccupps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing oracles - HICCUPPS&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1346&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Test is a Performance&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testingjeff.wordpress.com/2011/04/19/testing-test-execution/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing != test execution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILkT_HV9DVU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Lecture by James Bach on Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqwyMaHcjQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach on testing in an agile software development team.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding Automation, you will discover that Selenium is the most used tool at the moment. Given you have a strong background in programming and the fact that tutorials are technology dependent, I'll link more general resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium guides for Page Objects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DO8KVe00kcU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Create a Test Automation Framework Architecture With Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Pattern, Martin Fowler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD/Cucumber&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/GivenWhenThen.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/GivenWhenThen.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lostechies.com/joeybeninghove/2010/06/01/cucumber/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://lostechies.com/joeybeninghove/2010/06/01/cucumber/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can find a small automation suite (using Cucumber and other small libraries to implement the Page Object Factory) that I wrote for a Edx-like education platform. It can give you a taste of all the pieces of an automation suite.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/JoaoGFarias/OpenRedu/tree/cucumber_integration/features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/JoaoGFarias/OpenRedu/tree/cucumber_integration/features&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with the preparation, practice makes the tester.&#xA;If you are not able to practice in your company, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.libreoffice.org/community/qa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LibreOffice&lt;/a&gt; has a great QA community (both manual and auto). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-07-08T09:48:43.700" LastActivityDate="2019-07-08T09:48:43.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23403" CreationDate="2016-11-07T17:42:07.910" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like using a base class because it means there's less code duplication.  Whenever I think of something that I have to repeat each time for a class, it's a good time to look and see if there's a better way to refactor that duplication and save yourself some work.  Adding a base class is one way to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, your links aren't working for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15070" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T17:42:07.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23550" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-07T19:16:54.150" Score="3" ViewCount="4024" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written a Selenium Webdriver Java (in Eclipse) automation test Script which I run in the Chrome Browser. The script depends on a chromedriver.exe which I have added in my project dependency folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to add the dependent .jar files in runnable jar but not .exe files. Is there any way to export a single runnable jar which also includes the chromedriver.exe file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="22227" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T14:27:56.207" LastActivityDate="2018-08-19T11:01:26.790" Title="How to add .exe file dependency so as to create a single runnable Jar" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23553" CreationDate="2016-11-07T20:53:47.680" Score="0" ViewCount="3473" Body="&lt;p&gt;A short while ago I applied for a QA internship. The first round of interviews involved a video conference call with some of the Software Testers from the company. At some point during the interview they asked me to demonstrate how I would test the Calculator application installed on Windows 7 machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I admit I was a bit lost for what to do. To my best ability, I tested out simple arithmetic equations, unit conversion, and keyboard vs mouse input. I did not get the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This led me to ask, as a Software Tester, what sort of things would you look for in a candidate if you gave them this kind of test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22328" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T03:51:29.763" Title="How would you test this calculator?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-11-08T03:53:32.883" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23551" CreationDate="2016-11-07T22:02:08.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think most of us would be looking for various buzz words. Test plan, edge cases, partitioning, black box, requirements, specification. The candidate who looks like they know how to structure a test plan and actually knows something about software testing theory would score points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22227" LastActivityDate="2016-11-07T22:02:08.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23551" CreationDate="2016-11-08T03:51:29.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;1).test the display.&#xA;2).0-9 keys&#xA;3).-+*/&#xA;4).=&#xA;5).Clear button&#xA;Those are high priority&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then low priority&#xA;all the other keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T03:51:29.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23556" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-08T06:57:07.667" Score="3" ViewCount="1876" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing functional automation testing for a web application for analytics using selenium+TestNG. This application fetches huge amount of data from database and displays it on the platform after some simple calculations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also trying to do data validation testing for this application and want to know the approach I should take. The developers will be able to provide the data in a tsv file(since I do not have access to database) and I would like to validate this data with the data displayed in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am hoping someone could point me in the right direction so I can perform data validation along with functional testing and also keep the framework scalable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-11-08T07:00:25.743" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T07:15:14.983" Title="Data Validation Testing using selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23556" CreationDate="2016-11-08T07:15:14.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This application fetches &lt;strong&gt;huge&lt;/strong&gt; amount of data from database and displays it on the platform after some &lt;strong&gt;simple&lt;/strong&gt; calculations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Please define &lt;strong&gt;huge&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Please define &lt;strong&gt;simple&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers will be able to provide the data in a tsv file(since I do not have access to database) and I would like to validate &lt;strong&gt;this data&lt;/strong&gt; with the data displayed in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is &lt;strong&gt;this data&lt;/strong&gt; the data developers give you in tsv format?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your objectives are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data validation testing: you will have to learn from developers about how the data is calculated. With the same algorithm and the same batch of data input, you can compare the displayed data against data calculated by your script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing: I am not sure which functional testing you want to perform as you have not provided us with any specifications / design objectives.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scalable framework: I am assuing the major factor for you to worry about scalability is in the future the huge amount of data to be processed by this website will become &quot;huger&quot;; there is a chance your testing scripts need to be scaled up to accommendate this increase in input data size. Apart from generic practices (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.techwell.com/techwell-insights/2014/07/scalability-automated-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;external reference 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://automation-beyond.com/2009/06/09/qa-test-automation-requirements-scalability/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;external reference 2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.borland.com/es-ES/Blog/November-2015/Building-a-Robust-Test-Automation-Framework?feed=blogs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;external reference 3&lt;/a&gt;) that you can adhere to, I am thinking of introducing multiple-threaded test execution. If you can make sure your tests are thread-capable, your tests will stand strong against future increase in input data size.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T07:15:14.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23535" CreationDate="2016-11-08T09:35:41.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;FDM's answers explains that Selenium teams verify only their libraries with browsers versions released prior to library release. But if a new Firefox version is release after that, compatibility is not officially verified and published.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To comlicate things, there are actually three things that can become incompatible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Client library version, e.g., org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-chrome-driver:3.01&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Server version, e.g., ChromeDriver 2.25&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web browser version, e.g., Chrome 55.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was hoping Sauce Labs makes compatibility tests between all three pieces, but unfortunately they verify only the last two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We don’t necessarily test client library versions agains selenium server/driver versions, but we do tests selenium server/driver versions against browser versions, and only the supported/valid server/driver versions will be used for the browser you select.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T09:35:41.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23561" CreationDate="2016-11-08T09:52:32.273" Score="2" ViewCount="3032" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am relatively new to selenium webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to know what is the main difference between Desiredcapabilities vs Chromeoptions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In which situation to use them? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-11-08T10:29:35.700" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T10:29:35.700" Title="What is the difference between Desiredcapabilities &amp; Chromeoptions and when to use them?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23559" CreationDate="2016-11-08T10:20:03.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/capabilities&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This link will answer your question&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Basically, it says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capabilities are options that you can use to customize and configure a ChromeDriver session. This page documents all ChromeDriver supported capabilities and how to use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to specify capabilities. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first is to use the ChromeOptions class.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your client library does not have a ChromeOptions class (like the selenium ruby client), you can specify the capabilities directly as part of the DesiredCapabilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T10:20:03.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23563" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23564" CreationDate="2016-11-08T11:16:30.517" Score="1" ViewCount="613" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium webDriver with page object design pattern. I want to automate this scenario. Here is the screenshot, tells about a sharing document. In the username field when I enter a name it will automatically displays in the list and I want to do double click the displayed name. but how ?&#xA;Here is the screenshot for send document module.&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mylho.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Mylho.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Pages;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class ShareDocument&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(linkText=&quot;App&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement app;&#xA;    @FindBy(linkText=&quot;Documents&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement documents;&#xA;    @FindBy(xpath=&quot;//*[@id='list-container']/ul/li[3]/span[8]/a[2]/i&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement share;&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;browseUsersEmail&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement perm;&#xA;    @FindBy(xpath=&quot;//*[@id='24@user']/span[1]&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement name_dropdown;&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;other_notes&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement msg;&#xA;    @FindBy(className=&quot;btn-primary&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;    //constructor&#xA;    public ShareDocument(WebDriver driver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void setApp()&#xA;    {&#xA;        app.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void setDocument()&#xA;    {&#xA;        documents.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void setShare()&#xA;    {&#xA;        share.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void setPerm(String per)&#xA;    {&#xA;        perm.clear();&#xA;        perm.sendKeys(per);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void select_List(String Name)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Select namedropdown=new Select(name_dropdown);&#xA;        namedropdown.selectByVisibleText(Name);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void setMesg(String me)&#xA;    {&#xA;        msg.clear();&#xA;        msg.sendKeys(me);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void setButton()&#xA;    {&#xA;        button.submit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;package Test;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import Pages.ShareDocument;&#xA;import Pages.LoginPage;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;&#xA;public class ShareDocTest &#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void setup()&#xA;{&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://54.68.159.204/docmgr&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=1)&#xA;public void verify1()&#xA;{&#xA;    LoginPage login=new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    login.set_username(&quot;docmanager&quot;);&#xA;    login.set_password(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    login.click_button();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Administrator&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=2)&#xA;public void verify2()&#xA;{&#xA;    ShareDocument doc=new ShareDocument(driver);&#xA;    doc.setApp();&#xA;    doc.setDocument();&#xA;    doc.setShare();&#xA;    doc.setPerm(&quot;huggins&quot;);&#xA;    doc.select_List(&quot;huggins&quot;);&#xA;    doc.setMesg(&quot;Selenium notes&quot;);&#xA;    doc.setButton();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Administrator&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T04:12:40.313" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T04:12:40.313" Title="While entering text in input field, how to deal with auto-completion on web?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23563" CreationDate="2016-11-08T13:27:20.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oh Its due to auto-completion - Its not really needed to double click&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can turn OFF those settings from browser settings to not save credentials&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T13:27:20.537" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23565" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23567" CreationDate="2016-11-08T14:02:49.883" Score="2" ViewCount="529" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a lot of discussion in the selenium space about explicit and implicit waits.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Getting ones wait strategy is clearly key to solving many intermittent test failures.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are warning however such as if you mix them together you can create deadlock failure situations.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I find the terms confusing and misleading.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can anyone succinctly describe the differences between them.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Are they conceptual as was as implemented in code?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Do I need to use webdriver waits over my own strategy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T03:29:22.647" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T09:15:02.280" Title="What is the difference between explicit and implicit waits in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-11-14T20:54:22.833" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23565" CreationDate="2016-11-08T15:05:20.663" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Authoritative answer from Jim Evans, Selenium contributor: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15164742/combining-implicit-wait-and-explicit-wait-together-results-in-unexpected-wait-ti&quot;&gt;never mix implicit and explicit waits&lt;/a&gt; - and stick with explicit. Article explains also your other questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Converting our code to explicit-waits-only decreased flakiness the test considerably, I suspect for the reasons Jim explains in his answer linked above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another good read explaining waiting: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.mozilla.org/webqa/2012/07/12/how-to-webdriverwait/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to WebDriverWait&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answers linked in Niels' comment are also worth a read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T15:16:48.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23568" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23572" CreationDate="2016-11-08T16:34:16.993" Score="3" ViewCount="20286" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot find any implementations to get geckodriver to run my tests on FF for my C# solution, so I am reaching out to see what solutions you guys might have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried these two:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriverService service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService();&#xA;                    service.FirefoxBinaryPath = @&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&quot;;&#xA;                    FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(service);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This fails with the message &lt;em&gt;&quot;The type or namespace name 'FirefoxDriverService' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Selenium\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;                    var _driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This fails the test claiming that it is unable to initialize the firefoxdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FF version #:49.0.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;GeckoDriver version #: 0.11.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T05:27:16.260" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T06:20:23.610" Title="How to get C# to initialize geckodriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;geckodriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22491" CreationDate="2016-11-08T19:07:39.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/billbar/2009/06/08/vsts-2010-load-test-feature-saving-test-logs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/billbar/2009/06/08/vsts-2010-load-test-feature-saving-test-logs/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Use the setting &quot;Save log frequency for completed tests&quot; = 1. It will log for every iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22343" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T19:07:39.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23568" CreationDate="2016-11-08T22:49:42.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the solution, by updating to the latest version of Webdriver and Webdriver.support my first method of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriverService service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService();&#xA;                    service.FirefoxBinaryPath = @&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&quot;;&#xA;                    FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(service);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worked without issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2016-11-08T22:49:42.850" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9155" CreationDate="2016-11-08T23:16:21.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a UI testing framework recently released on Unity asset store&#xA;It is compatible with Unity Canvas UI and can be integrated with other UI solutions &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.assetstore.unity3d.com/en/#!/content/72693&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22347" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T11:28:16.807" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T11:28:16.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23436" CreationDate="2016-11-08T23:31:32.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tests that were being run aren't &lt;em&gt;supposed&lt;/em&gt; to be published to npm, however:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my issue, the &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager&lt;/code&gt; specs were only run when the conf file globbed &lt;code&gt;./**/**/*_spec.js&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The maintainers found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The TypeScript files are being transpiled to *.js and the built/spec directory is being published.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22223" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T16:06:13.333" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T16:06:13.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-09T06:20:21.753" Score="2" ViewCount="2683" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was testing an Android application for memory leakage. But I have no idea How to test memory leakage in the application. And How would I know that app has memory leakage problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14860" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T09:58:18.943" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T10:29:22.117" Title="How can tester know that The Application has Memory leakage Problem?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;memory-leaks&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23575" CreationDate="2016-11-09T06:44:20.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard, if not possible, to test memory leak with manual testing. Even if you can catch it, you can not prove it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With a memory leak, an application will run slower and slower, consuming more and more memory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need to catch memory leak with tools, depends on which platform you are testing on, there are multiple options to choose from. Check out links below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://android-developers.blogspot.co.nz/2011/03/memory-analysis-for-android.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Memory analysis for Android applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclipse.org/mat/downloads.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eclipse memory analysis tool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T06:44:20.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20001" CreationDate="2016-11-09T09:44:33.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from the things mentioned above you can also check response time, validate schema, check the entire response,etc using Rest Assured which is a Java Library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend you to check my blog:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://restservicestesting.blogspot.in/2016/10/to-check-response-time-using-rest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check Response time using Rest Assured&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a step by step tutorial on testing REST API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22107" LastEditorUserId="22107" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T08:38:59.943" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T08:38:59.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23578" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-11-09T10:02:54.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A memory leak occurs when a program fails to release memory that it has allocated but is no longer using. In many cases, the memory cannot be referenced and will therefore never be recovered to be reallocated. Even in cases where the memory can be referenced, some other code may be causing it from being recovered. Memory leaks are particularly important for developers to be wary of, as they can be extremely difficult to debug. There are many established practices in code are put into place specifically for the purpose of avoiding memory leaks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The Impact of Memory Leaks&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every running program or application, no matter the environment must have memory allocated to itself in order to (at least temporarily) store its data and even run its code. When a program with one or more memory leaks is run, this memory will be overlooked by the system because the system thinks that it is being used, either because it has been told or the requirements for dead memory have not been met. Depending on the intensity and veracity of the leak, this can potentially quickly result in the system being unable to allocate memory for other programs (even itself) causing poor performance and unintended faults. In some less modern environments, memory leaks have the capability to crash the system unexpectedly which can lead to other issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Managed-Memory Environments (Intentionally general)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A managed memory environment is one where a subsidiary environment is created to directly monitor memory usage, its allocation, recovery and reallocation to programs that run within it. For many developers, this is desirable because it allows developers to build their applications and trust that the proper amount of memory will be allocated when needed and released when not. The most common of these is the Run-time Environment, which allows (and sometimes forces) programs to run in its memory space. In reality, the memory manager is just another program that runs on behalf of the system, often called the Garbage Collector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Garbage Collectors can be system-specific or even language-specific, requiring that programs written in a particular language always run in a managed-memory space. Due to the fact that the memory manager is a program, it looks for indicators of unused memory to determine whether recovery is needed. Each memory manager has specific criteria that it checks, the most common of which is when neither the program nor any of its code reference (via a pointer) a specific block of memory. Without regard to the specific environment semantics, the most general practice for leak prevention is: &lt;em&gt;Remove any reference that is no longer in use&lt;/em&gt;. This means to either a) release all pointers or b) set explicit object references to &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt; (depending on the language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Unmanaged-Memory Environments (Intentionally general)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An unmanaged-memory environment is when a program directly requests memory from the system and is responsible for releasing the memory itself. The most widely-known example of this native code in C or C++. As a result of the popularity of these languages, &lt;code&gt;malloc()&lt;/code&gt; has become a key indicator of running in an unmanaged memory environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unmanaged Memory Environments are desirable for many developers, because the program has direct control over the use of its memory space. The developer can preempt data intensive operations and request memory blocks before they are immediately needed, easing some processor strain. Additionally, they typically have a more intimate knowledge of how the memory is being used by their program and can release memory with relative certainty that it is unused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While, there are many practices established dedicated to the avoidance of leaks, the credo is always the same: Watch what you're using, clean up what you are not. In practice, this simply means for every allocation the program makes, ensure there is at least a release of the same size before the program exits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Avoiding Memory Leaks&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most memory leaks are caused by code practices or techniques that are not complementary to the mechanisms by which the environment allocates and frees memory. As software technology has progressed, the term environment has become more fluid as many languages have their own mechanisms to assist the system in managing memory. Even though there may be semantics that are environment-specific, most leak prevention is based on simple practices that depend on the type of memory environment the program is working in. In general, avoiding memory leaks requires two essential components:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An awareness of the environment that the program will be running in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some comprehension of how language that the program is developed in allocates and frees memory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to the dependency on the memory environment and language semantics, the majority of information on memory leaks is environment-specific. Good practices may require specific research on the operating system and the language semantics, or general research on the type of memory environment and development model. Refer to the documentation for the operating system and the programming language for more detailed information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2018-11-11T02:11:54.207" LastActivityDate="2018-11-11T02:11:54.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23579" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-11-09T10:02:54.473" Score="0" Body="A memory leak occurs when a program fails to release memory that it has allocated but is no longer using and is not recoverable." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T15:35:21.713" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T15:35:21.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23575" CreationDate="2016-11-09T10:12:47.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Same question asked in stack-overflow [SO]. Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/420599/how-to-test-for-memory-leaks&quot;&gt;refer&lt;/a&gt; this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some tool as well &lt;code&gt;Valgrind&lt;/code&gt;, Quick Start &lt;a href=&quot;http://valgrind.org/docs/manual/quick-start.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guide&lt;/a&gt; here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically memory leakage happen more likely when you hold an Object, long after its purpose has been served.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T14:46:50.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23582" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-09T11:52:14.930" Score="2" ViewCount="8899" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium, Can anybody explain the validation for numeric fields? I am struck in that validation. I want to validate a phone number field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22357" LastEditorUserId="22227" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T15:00:16.110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T12:50:49.397" Title="Numeric field validation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23586" CreationDate="2016-11-09T12:48:24.600" Score="0" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created three classes in TestNG and every time that I run my test.xml file it is then opening up multiple instance of IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to do the the following activity in single browser instance :- Launch IE&gt;&gt;Open URL&gt;&gt;Login To Application&gt;&gt;Search Task.............. As of now by my code it is opening three instance of IE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Class FirstClass&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;&#xA;&#xA;public class FirstClass&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver=null;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;&#xA;  public void Login() throws InterruptedException {&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginForm:loginName&quot;)).clear();&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginForm:loginName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;nishant&quot;);&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginForm:password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginForm:password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test1234&quot;);&#xA;      Select dropdown=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginForm:cabinetMenu&quot;)));&#xA;      dropdown.selectByVisibleText(&quot;neonsit&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginForm:buttonlogin&quot;)).click();&#xA;      Thread.sleep(5600);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;  @BeforeMethod&#xA;  public void beforeMethod() {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;      System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Test\\IEDriverServer_Win32_2.45.0\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;       driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;       driver.get(BaseVariable.baseURL);&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @AfterMethod&#xA;  public void afterMethod() {&#xA;      //driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Class QuickSearch&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.BaseVariable;&#xA;import com.FirstClass;&#xA;import com.Login;&#xA;import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.reflect.opt.Const;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestQuickSearch  extends FirstClass {&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void  QuickSearchByReg_ID () throws InterruptedException {&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;EC*&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;    Select dd = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;quickSrchProcess&quot;)));&#xA;    dd.selectByValue(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;buttonGo&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22360" LastEditorUserId="22360" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T04:49:25.137" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T04:49:25.137" Title="Selenium Webdriver testNG" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-10T02:41:05.510" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23583" CreationDate="2016-11-09T13:50:57.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not even know what testNG is, but one thing struck me about your post. In your AfterMethod you are not closing IE via a call to driver.quit. You have commented this out. In your BeforeMethod you are opening a new instance of IE.&#xA;So it looks like the behavior you describe is expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeMethod&#xA;  public void beforeMethod() {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;      System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Test\\IEDriverServer_Win32_2.45.0\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;       driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;       driver.get(BaseVariable.baseURL);&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @AfterMethod&#xA;  public void afterMethod() {&#xA;      //driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a final point, you didn't actually ask a question. Can you edit your post to actually ask a question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22227" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T13:50:57.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23582" CreationDate="2016-11-09T13:58:41.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes,&#xA;A phone number field should take only numeric data and must have min and maxi length. Here we do following: (The below example includes script written in C#)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Identify way to access field&lt;/strong&gt; - through ID/ Xpath/ Class...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g: - &lt;code&gt;IWebElement phoneNumberfield=   browser.FindElement(By.Id(&amp;quot;txtPhoneNumber&amp;quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validate by entering a non-numeric input.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try with alphabets then with special characters. Error should come on blur and/or on save.&#xA;E.g:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;phoneNumberfield.SendKeys(&amp;quot;alpha&amp;quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement inlineError = browser.FindElement(By.Path(&amp;quot;\\span&amp;quot;); &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This you need to identify as every field will have an inline error space, and on save a big message may come on top/bottom of page)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bool isErrorShown=false;&#xA;&#xA;if(inline.Text.Contains(ExpectedMsg)  //(ExpectedMsg should be like &amp;quot;Phone Number is invalid&amp;quot;)&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;isErrorShown = true;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;Assert.AreEqual(true,isFound); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(First parameter is expected result)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---This line should add pass/fail to your result excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validate by entering numeric input&lt;/strong&gt;. There should not be any error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;phoneNumberfield.SendKeys(&amp;quot;9032350749&amp;quot;);&#xA;if(inline.Text.Contains(ExpectedMsg) //( ExpectedMsg should be like &amp;quot;Phone Number is invalid&amp;quot;)&#xA;{&#xA;isErrorShown = true;&#xA;}&#xA;Assert.AreEqual(false,isFound); //(First parameter is expected result which is false because there should not be any error)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---This line should add pass/fail to your result excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validate minimum length for input&lt;/strong&gt; -Enter input less than 8-10(depending on standard minimum phone number length).  Error should come on blur and/or on save.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;phoneNumberfield.SendKeys(&amp;quot;232&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;if(inline.Text.Contains(ExpectedMsg)  //(ExpectedMsg should be like &amp;quot;Phone Number is invalid&amp;quot;)&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;isErrorShown = true;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;Assert.AreEqual(true,isFound); (First parameter is expected result)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---This line should add pass/fail to your result excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validate maximum length of input&lt;/strong&gt; - Enter input exceeding 10 digits. Field should stop accepting input after 10 chars.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bool MaxLengthCheck = false;&#xA;&#xA;phoneNumberfield.SendKeys(&amp;quot;90323507499&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;if(phoneNumberfield.GetAttribut(&amp;quot;value&amp;quot;).Count ==10)&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;MaxLengthCheck = true;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;Assert.AreEqual(true,MaxLengthCheck); //(First parameter is expected result)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;---This line should add pass/fail to your result excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some of the above steps can be removed if few of these validations are not generic in nature based on the requirement of the form you are automating.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: Different approach may be followed to validate pass/fail results.Instead of messages, you can set different criteria to finalize your test result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks. I hope the above steps helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22359" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T14:15:14.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23583" CreationDate="2016-11-09T14:00:54.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because when you call the &lt;code&gt;Class TestQuickSearch extends FirstClass&lt;/code&gt; it initiates the &lt;code&gt;FirstClass&lt;/code&gt; before &lt;code&gt;TestQuickSearch&lt;/code&gt; since there is a &lt;code&gt;@BeforeMethod&lt;/code&gt; and you have two test method (1 test method in each class) the IE browser is initiated twice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also show us the TestNG.xml code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T14:00:54.413" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23565" CreationDate="2016-11-09T14:10:23.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great answers but I feel like for the most part they answer &quot;What should be used&quot; and not as much &quot;What the difference is&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will be using Java as my example since that's the easiest to dig through the source of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Explicit Wait&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/WebDriverWait.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/a&gt; inherits from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FluentWait&lt;/a&gt; class. The primary function is in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/23f66a969e2e26b97414293c481bf25c7e4a9358/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.java#L226-L264&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;until&lt;/a&gt; method. This method takes a function and applies, if the result is true it will return the value. If the result is false or an exception, it will check if the total time has expired. If so, it will throw a timeoutException. If not, it will sleep for the polling time and then try again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is pretty simple and straightforward. Nothing overly fancy. It also has unit tests which you can verify &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/test/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWaitTest.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Implicit Wait&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ab76d0ff9b38455e199d775e4e9da662eebb3f43/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/RemoteWebDriver.java#L821-L826&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RemoteWebDriver the implicitlyWait&lt;/a&gt; is defined by calling DriverCommand.SET_TIMEOUT. This processes into an &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/0359f0a510991d1b5ce9b41d849425349f952a86/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/http/AbstractHttpCommandCodec.java#L203&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HttpRequest&lt;/a&gt; calling (to the best of my current knowledge, no debuggers hooked up to confirm) the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/server/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/server/handler/ConfigureTimeout.java#L46-L57&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ConfigureTimeout&lt;/a&gt; class. From here, I believe, it is passed into the WebDriver and the WebDriver manages it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/1d1a092b14e2bbf4fa263cfe7595fc85c4fe0601/java/client/test/org/openqa/selenium/ImplicitWaitTest.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;implicitWait&lt;/a&gt; tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Difference&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is ..... well .... We don't know the implementation. The implementation within IE might be identical to the implementation in Selenium. Unlikely, but might be. By having the consistenty with the WebDriverWait and hhaving it controlled outside of the Driver, it is giving us a consistent and reliable execution across all browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why choose Explicit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue with Implicit Wait is that it can not be defined. It may be different on Chrome than Firefox and IE. This causes inconsistencies in your tests based on the different implementation within the driver itself. So the choice is between a behavior which is not clearly defined which may vary versus a clearly defined consistent behavior. I would choose the latter, personally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T14:10:23.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15384" CreationDate="2016-11-09T14:27:36.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to resolve this error by doing the following steps :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Stop the jenkins service with the command - sudo /etc/init.d/jenkins start&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Run Jenkins manually with the following command from command line/terminal :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;java -jar /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war –httpPort=8080&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution is for Ubuntu 14.04 version. Windows OS needs to handle the different paths but essentially the solution should work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12078" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T14:27:36.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23582" CreationDate="2016-11-09T15:14:00.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It may help break this question into three parts, as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I manually test validation for a phone number field?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying Googling for phrases like &quot;phone number validation&quot; or &quot;phone number syntax&quot;.  Conventions for phone numbers vary by country; see for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_conventions_for_writing_telephone_numbers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Wikipedia page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I manually test fields in a user interface?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't answer this, you might try talking with someone in your company who manually tests user interfaces for a living.  This is too broad of a subject to answer here.  You might also try buying a book on manual testing or Googling for &quot;testing field validation&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I test field values in Selenium?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This boils down to setting a field value, taking an action that causes the field value to be processed (e.g. submitting the form), and then checking whether the action produced the expected results.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T12:50:49.397" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T12:50:49.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23591" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23924" CreationDate="2016-11-09T15:20:54.877" Score="0" ViewCount="1908" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot get the code I have to go to the URL without having issues with the certificate. Here is the code I am trying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;else if (testMethod.BrowserType.Equals(BrowserType.FireFox))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    var options = new FirefoxOptions();&#xA;                    options.BrowserExecutableLocation = @&amp;quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&amp;quot;;&#xA;                    options.LogLevel = FirefoxDriverLogLevel.Default;&#xA;                    options.Profile = new FirefoxProfile { AcceptUntrustedCertificates = true};&#xA;                    var service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService();&#xA;                    _driver = new FirefoxDriver(service, options, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30));&#xA;                }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still receive the generic page saying the connection is unsecured, any help on this would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Webdriver Version: 3.0.0.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GeckoDriver Version: 0.11.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox Version: 49.0.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T05:29:39.027" Title="Accepting untrusted certificates with geckodriver in C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;&lt;geckodriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16773" CreationDate="2016-11-09T17:16:15.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It uses an Explicit Wait, not implicit in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/pagefactory/AjaxElementLocatorFactory.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AjaxElementLocatorFactory&lt;/a&gt;. Though, it is not the same as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/23f66a969e2e26b97414293c481bf25c7e4a9358/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FluentWait&lt;/a&gt; that is used elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The factory creates an &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/pagefactory/AjaxElementLocator.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AjaxElementLocator&lt;/a&gt;. It uses a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/SlowLoadableComponent.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SlowLoadableComponent&lt;/a&gt; to initiate the wait, which can be found in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/SlowLoadableComponent.java#L47-L72&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;get&lt;/a&gt; function. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer the comment by FDM on NarendraC's answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you elaborate when you say the code will wait for 15 seconds? Is this from the moment you call any method on an element, for that element only?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, it will wait up to 15 seconds for each element &lt;strong&gt;ANYTIME&lt;/strong&gt; they are accessed. &lt;strong&gt;AjaxElementLocator ignores the CacheLookup tag&lt;/strong&gt;. Skipping over a lot of the PageFactory internals, this can be evident in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/pagefactory/internal/LocatingElementHandler.java#L38&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LocatingElementHandler&lt;/a&gt;. It will call locator.findElement() on each element which will trigger the findElement in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/pagefactory/AjaxElementLocator.java#L84-L93&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AjaxElementLocator&lt;/a&gt; which triggers the wait in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/ceaf3da79542024becdda5953059dfbb96fb3a90/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/SlowLoadableComponent.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SlowLoadableComponent&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="7043" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T17:31:43.237" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T17:31:43.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23596" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-09T18:30:02.907" Score="1" ViewCount="1827" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a simple java application that runs on my computer. It's not connected to the internet, but it is connected to a MySQL database on my localhost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All it does is read and write to and from my database. It generates a few random numbers, takes information from one class and passes it over to the other class and such. It's very simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, how do I perform Performance testing on it? There are some tools available but I haven't found one suitable for my application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not even sure I can perform this kind of testing on it ... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to do such testing on such a simple java application? If yes, which tool should I use (if any?)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22222" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-11-09T18:31:40.360" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T10:02:27.063" Title="Stress Performance testing on a simple java application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23596" CreationDate="2016-11-09T18:57:11.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For applications similar to this in the past what I would do is custom build a framework that executes the code in rapid succession. This can be done by using your current integration tests (if any) and setting them up to execute repeatedly over x amount of hours or x times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always built out custom frameworks, multi-threaded, wrapped in a monitor and then allowed the execution to run. I also built out a basic Swing based UI which allowed me to adjust the settings (IE threads, execution time) and monitor the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will also want to create a wrapper which stores data like the amount of consecutive threads, the average response time, the high-low response times and the total amount of requests sent and have it displayed and/or logged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T18:57:11.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23530" CreationDate="2016-11-09T19:00:51.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general principle all of the locators, (whatever their nature), should &lt;em&gt;ideally&lt;/em&gt; be automatically generated from the detailed design specification and then be imported into both the code and the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above all do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; think of using Excel for storing these as the process of reading things from excel is horrible and it doesn't version control well in many version control systems - either a plain text structure of pathid:xpath or better yet a json file containing them would be much easier to import, version control, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned in another answer your version control system should be your friend here - use it and let it help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T19:00:51.090" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23530" CreationDate="2016-11-09T21:30:51.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is this a good approach or should I stick to writing xpaths in the code files?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is an excellent approach.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What you have described sounds exactly like a Page Object model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main reason for using a Page Object model is to do exactly that - remove the, often convoluted, css and xpaths from the test code and place them in a different spot.  It also DRYs up repeated references but for me that is actually secondary after the good name itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't really matter whether the actual implementation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;static methods&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;hashes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;.yaml files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dynamic methods&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact in the software I currently work on Page Objects have gone through 4 of these variations and in all of them these definitions were stored in other files within the project hierarchy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not choose a .xls format but a .csv files, one line per locator could work and would be editable.  Really a simple text file would be best of all with the format being some sort of key-value pairing of name-locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-09T21:30:51.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23596" CreationDate="2016-11-10T06:32:16.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe you should split your testing into 2 phases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application profiling using profiling tools, either &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/articles/java-profiling-with-open-source&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;open source&lt;/a&gt; or paid like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.yourkit.com/java/profiler/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YourKit&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ej-technologies.com/products/jprofiler/overview.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JProfiler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Standalone database load testing. You can use any load testing tool which supports &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Database_Connectivity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JDBC&lt;/a&gt; protocol, i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/real-secret-building-database-test-plan-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Real Secret to Building a Database Test Plan With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for details. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T06:32:16.267" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23602" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23604" CreationDate="2016-11-10T10:01:57.627" Score="1" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium with page factory method to automate a login page. An error came when I try to run my code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My complete code is..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.docmgr.Pages;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.CacheLookup;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;public class LoginPage&#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public LoginPage(WebDriver driver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.driver=driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;@FindBy(how=How.NAME,using=&quot;username&quot;)&#xA;@CacheLookup&#xA;WebElement username;&#xA;@FindBy(how=How.NAME,using=&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;@CacheLookup&#xA;WebElement password;&#xA;@FindBy(how=How.CLASS_NAME,using=&quot;button&quot;)&#xA;@CacheLookup&#xA;WebElement button;&#xA;@FindBy(how=How.LINK_TEXT,using=&quot;Forgot Password&quot;)&#xA;@CacheLookup&#xA;WebElement fp;&#xA;public void login_Doc(String uid,String pas)&#xA;{&#xA;    username.sendKeys(uid);&#xA;    password.sendKeys(pas);&#xA;    button.click();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;package com.docmgr.TestCases;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.docmgr.Pages.LoginPage;&#xA;&#xA;import Helper.BrowserFactory;&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginTest &#xA;{&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void chechValidUser()&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;firefox.webdriver.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver=BrowserFactory.startBrowser(&quot;firefox&quot;,&quot;54.68.159.876/docmgr&quot;);&#xA;LoginPage login=PageFactory.initElements(driver,LoginPage.class);&#xA;login.login_Doc(&quot;jgsdg&quot;,&quot;123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;package Helper;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;public class BrowserFactory&#xA;{&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public static WebDriver startBrowser(String browsName,String url)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if(browsName.equals(&quot;firefox&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.get(url);&#xA;        return driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FAILED: chechValidUser &lt;br&gt; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException:&#xA;  Target URL 54.68.159.204/docmgr is not well-formed. &lt;br&gt; Command&#xA;  duration or timeout: 27 milliseconds &lt;br&gt; Build info: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;version: 'unknown', &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;revision: '2aa21c1', &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;time: '2016-08-02 14:59:43 -0700' &lt;br&gt; System info: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;host: 'naveen-Inspiron-3542', &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;ip: '127.0.1.1', &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;os.name: 'Linux', &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;os.arch: 'amd64', &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;os.version: '4.4.0-45-generic', &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;java.version:&#xA;  '1.8.0_111'&lt;br&gt; Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;  &lt;br&gt; Capabilities [{&lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;applicationCacheEnabled=true, &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;rotatable=false, &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;handlesAlerts=true, &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;databaseEnabled=true, &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;version=45.0, &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;platform=LINUX,&lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;nativeEvents=false, &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;acceptSslCerts=true, &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;webStorageEnabled=true,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;locationContextEnabled=true, &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;browserName=firefox,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;takesScreenshot=true, &lt;br&gt; &amp;ensp;javascriptEnabled=true,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &amp;ensp;cssSelectorsEnabled=true}] &lt;br&gt;Session ID:&#xA;  992a8a4c-efe1-462f-a656-2f8faadf4c06&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2020-02-03T09:28:15.503" LastActivityDate="2020-02-03T09:28:15.503" Title="Error in my page" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23602" CreationDate="2016-11-10T10:44:56.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand this correctly, You should not put &quot;pathToGekoDriver&quot; in your code. There you should mention the path where the gecko driver is installed like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;firefox.webdriver.marionette&quot;, &quot;E:\\Softwares\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T10:44:56.660" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23605" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-10T10:53:49.843" Score="1" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;Summary: I'm using TFS as a build server and I familiar with MTM. What I am looking for is an alternative to MTM for steps 3 -5 .&#xA;I'm looking for an automated testing tool (free or opensource) that can do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manage test machines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the tests on the machines (according to configuration)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can either run shell commands on the agents or integrate with Seleniun and or C#&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A plus if:&#xA; - can integrate with TFS&#xA; - Have easy reporting servers integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T15:24:09.483" LastActivityDate="2017-04-09T16:11:52.553" Title="Automated tests orchestrator" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23606" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-10T11:30:32.743" Score="0" ViewCount="1379" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Showing below error while running appium script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nov 10, 2016 6:27:18 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end&#xA;Nov 10, 2016 6:27:18 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Falling back to original OSS JSON Wire Protocol.&#xA;Nov 10, 2016 6:27:32 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Falling back to straight W3C remote end connection&#xA;[Utils] Attempting to create /Users/prasetyo/Documents/workspace/MobileUtandroid/test-output/Default suite/Default test.xml&#xA;[Utils]   Directory /Users/prasetyo/Documents/workspace/MobileUtandroid/test-output/Default suite exists: true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to resolve above issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22376" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T12:23:05.840" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T12:55:23.620" Title="I got error when running appium script in eclipse" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23605" CreationDate="2016-11-10T11:30:35.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are looking for a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_continuous_integration_software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Build server&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;A typical build flow looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get code from TFS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build Code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spawn nodes for integration tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run integration and or Selenium tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft has testing tools to integration such a process tightly within TFS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up Team Foundation Build Service: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee259687.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee259687.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test on a lab environment with test manager: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj635157.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj635157.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also free build servers like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; (Open Source)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt; (First 20 builds and 3 agents are free)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be possible to script anything from starting machines, running tests and deployments with these build tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T11:30:35.880" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23608" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23609" CreationDate="2016-11-10T11:37:59.583" Score="0" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am working as a Test Engineer. I want to know something about selenium Framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using page object &amp;amp; page factory design pattern in my project. I don't have knowledge about various frameworks like data driven framework, hybrid and keyword drive framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a Test Engineer my question is:&#xA;Should I learn all frameworks?&#xA;Should I practice with all frameworks?&#xA;or&#xA;Only following page object &amp;amp; page factory design pattern ?&#xA;In future I should learn all selenium frameworks. &#xA;When I go to an interview should they ask to automate this scenario using particular selenium frameworks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I working as tester in my company there were 10 employees are there and I am only tester in my company. So I learning selenium alone. In my company nobody knows about testing. So please help me to give a good answer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T19:06:41.083" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T19:06:41.083" Title="As a QA is it necessary to learn all frameworks in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-11-14T12:42:58.347" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23608" CreationDate="2016-11-10T12:33:03.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Always keep in mind &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/Yagni.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt; (You Aren't Gonna Need It) with your production tests, because just implementing frameworks since they exist is a bad-guidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start thinking about what you want to test. Now if you have something that you cannot test with your current tools and frameworks you can start and do desk research how others have solved this. Personally for end-2-end type tests I have never really had a need for anything more than Selenium and the PageObject model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though knowledge of &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code&lt;/a&gt; and design patterns might help to make the test-suite more readable, maintainable and extendable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have the time be sure to read testing blogs/books and try testing frameworks experiments, but don't just blindly start using them in your production tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would advice you try to improve your testing and programming knowledge a little bit every day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T12:33:03.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23611" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-10T13:39:22.387" Score="0" ViewCount="13913" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to launch my application in IE browser in selenium using TestNG framework. But, after the IE browser is launched, the Eclipse console shows an error that &quot;Only Local Connection are allowed&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My IE browser is set to zoom 100%, the Protected mode is set as expected. I am executing the script on Windows 10 64 Bit. Selenium version is 3.0.1 and IEDriverServer.exe is 64-bit as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22360" LastEditorUserId="23986" LastEditDate="2017-03-24T07:15:26.113" LastActivityDate="2021-04-26T23:06:20.490" Title="Selenium IE Webdriver showing &quot;Only Local connection are allowed&quot; in TestNG" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23613" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23615" CreationDate="2016-11-10T14:54:55.983" Score="2" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;We (Software Developers) want to use a wiki (or CMS or whatever) to collect various information. We are a mid-size company developing medical devices (HW and SW), so we have to be conform to ISO 13485 (QA for Medical Devices, but similar to 9001).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These information range from &quot;setup of IDE&quot; over &quot;how to configure a new project according to our standards&quot; to &quot;how to get prototype xy to work&quot;. Our QA Guy says we can't use a wiki because the default process of create, verify, release isn't implemented / verified within typical wikis (eg Dokuwiki, Jira Wiki).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now these questions get asked and answered in person or via email, loosing valuable information every time. There is no central collection of such information (and of course, the emails are not reviewed or sth either).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a Wiki/CMS system which fulfills standard QA requirements or are there any arguments / loopholes to allow the use of some knowledge database? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22381" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T01:55:07.967" Title="Usage of Wiki or CMS under QA guidelines" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23613" CreationDate="2016-11-10T15:04:18.563" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Get a wiki with a version control. We use FosWiki. It allows to show every version of every page, and shows exactly &lt;strong&gt;who made what changes when&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are 100% correct: email ping-pong does not work, does not scale, and you &lt;strong&gt;NEVER&lt;/strong&gt; can be sure if you have latest response to the email thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your QA guys are concerned about wiki, how come they are OK with email? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect this is more power play (who can select tools), and reluctance to changes. &lt;strong&gt;Ask QA for requirements for documents repository&lt;/strong&gt;, and figure out &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt; what tool will satisfy them. Hint: it is NOT email.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If wiki is not ISO compliant, how come emails are?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I.e. FosWiki has plugin &lt;a href=&quot;https://foswiki.org/Extensions/WorkflowPlugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://foswiki.org/Extensions/WorkflowPlugin&lt;/a&gt; which implements such ISO-compatible workflow. Good news with FosWiki, it is very mature and has dozens of plugins, all free. Bad news, source is in Perl. If you have competent admin who knows his Perl, it is not too hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend to &lt;strong&gt;compare wiki engines written in your language of preference,&lt;/strong&gt; and features they have to support ISO workflow. Most wikis can be limited to who can change pages, corporate wikis tend to be less open than free-for-all wikipedia, which might be concern of your QA guys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your wiki stores pages in plain text like FosWiki does, you can create easily your own tool checking consistency according to your rules. Get inspired by FosWiki.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If feature is missing in your preferred wiki, reasonable option is to &lt;strong&gt;contract someone from developers to write it for you&lt;/strong&gt;. In my experience, they are very open to add features, and &lt;strong&gt;will charge very reasonable hourly rates if added feature is left open&lt;/strong&gt; (not taken private).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T20:23:18.757" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T20:23:18.757" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23616" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-10T15:04:48.630" Score="5" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since moving from a Linux VM to a Macbook Pro for testing, I have been having a recurring issue running Protractor automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a certain point in my suite all, a Java application called GridLauncher pops up. Selenium was already running prior to this as tests were running and passing, but if I kill this Java app I kill the entire Selenium process. This occurs if I start Selenium manually or if I let Protractor start an instance itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The app popping up coincides with my tests failing, which then throws off the test workflow and causes subsequent tests to fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This only occurs on Mac and has been reproducible by 2 people on the team so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11987" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T05:35:40.147" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T05:35:40.147" Title="Is there a way to stop GridLauncher opening during testing on Mac?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23618" CreationDate="2016-11-10T15:11:45.807" Score="3" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;The plugin, that I am writing in php, is getting data from an external api. I have gathered some sample-data which the api sends (array). Now I would like to create tests to make sure that the plugin is working properly when the main software is updated. &lt;strong&gt;But it is not possible to make testing queries in production software to an external api.&lt;/strong&gt; How can I then use the gathered data for testing my software? Are there any patterns or tutorials, best practices? &lt;em&gt;(In some places the api query is in the middle of method/function?)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22379" LastEditorUserId="22227" LastEditDate="2016-11-10T16:25:52.737" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T16:25:52.737" Title="Testing without external data?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23617" CreationDate="2016-11-10T16:00:49.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mock_object&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mock&lt;/a&gt; the request to the API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a PHP example: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/InterNations/http-mock/blob/master/doc/start.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/InterNations/http-mock/blob/master/doc/start.md&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What this example does, is start a small fake http server, which always returns that data that you expect/need for the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also start a seperate mock-server manually and use that to test against. Read more at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mock-server.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.mock-server.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11268125/how-can-i-mock-an-external-web-request-in-phpunit&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11268125/how-can-i-mock-an-external-web-request-in-phpunit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-11-10T16:00:49.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-10T21:12:44.663" Score="0" ViewCount="2420" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium Webdriver , I have an application build in angular 2 and trying to select values in drop down which are mandatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Select a value from a dropdown; initially the dropdown is red in color (red is the requirement). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) As soon as a value is selected from the dropdown the border color of the dropdown should be blue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to select values successfully from dropdown however the color is still remaining red and not changing to blue please suggest why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select Speciality_dd = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;boardCertificationSpeciality0&quot;)));&#xA;                                      Speciality_dd.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Addiction Medicine&quot;);&#xA;                                      Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22384" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T02:25:28.510" LastActivityDate="2021-04-15T15:57:05.763" Title="Mandatory fields in selenium webdriver not changing the color of the dropdown from red to blue once value is selected?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-11T01:09:50.303" Score="1" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been a manual tester for two years and 6 months. I would like to improve my testing skills using automation. What are the popular tools being used today for beginners?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22386" LastEditorUserId="22386" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T03:08:02.607" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T10:27:37.947" Title="What are popular automation tools being used today?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-11-11T10:49:45.140" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23613" CreationDate="2016-11-11T01:48:10.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I feel that the main philosophy point here is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Our QA Guy says we can't use a wiki because the default process of&#xA;  create, verify, release isn't implemented / verified within typical&#xA;  wikis (eg Dokuwiki, Jira Wiki).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think there are two models to Wiki's.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The one you describe with reviews, approvals, auth levels, releases, etc.&#xA;For this I would maintain the files within a git repository using the workflow models of branching and approvals, merging and releases such as those implemented at github.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An open model that always allows all to edit at will, aka the wikipedia model&#xA;For this I woukld use an online tools such as Confluence from Atlassian the folks who make Jira which keeps history. which does track changes and history.  One downside is its flexible but non-standard markup.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I prefer the open model which encourages team participation and contribution as I find the review and approve model a disincentive for contributions.  As a QA person myself, my requirement is a tool that supports the team and encourages input.  I don't worry too much about history, versions, duplications that I do care about in the code base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-11T01:55:07.967" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T01:55:07.967" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23624" CreationDate="2016-11-11T03:05:16.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Java/ Android dev and have used the following within the past few months:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt; for Java Unit tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/training/testing/ui-testing/espresso-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Espresso&lt;/a&gt; for Android UI Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/studio/test/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's&lt;/a&gt; a link to Android's Testing page. Pretty good info in there. For Android Performance testing, there's this &lt;a href=&quot;https://codelabs.developers.google.com/codelabs/android-perf-testing/index.html#0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Codelab&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22265" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T03:05:16.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23622" CreationDate="2016-11-11T09:35:13.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the behavior during manual testing?&#xA;And I would suggest to change the focus of webdriver to somewhere else(for example by clicking or writing in another text box or clicking on another button) then check the color of the drop-down list again. If it did not work, I would suggest to report it as a bug to developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11797" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T09:35:13.680" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23509" CreationDate="2016-11-11T09:47:50.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried to check it if these image are inside an iframe node? If it is the case, you should switch first to the iframe. You should share more piece of your HTML. Then. I will be able to help more appropriately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11797" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T09:47:50.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23635" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-11T09:53:02.393" Score="1" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one application in which there is one table. I have to find one element there and click on it, and if it is not there it should click on the next page, search the element and click on it. While I am automating it, before clicking only its getting scrolled to the right side and not able to identify the page &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//to click on the page number in the bottom                 &#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; pages= driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;pager&quot;)).findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(pages.size());&#xA;System.out.println(pages.get(0).getText());&#xA;System.out.println(pages.get(1).getText());&#xA;&#xA;//list to store the element which I am searching                &#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; ele=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//span[text()='&quot; + wp_id + &quot;']&quot;));&#xA;boolean flag=false;&#xA;for (int i=1;i&amp;lt;pages.size();i++){&#xA;&#xA;while(!flag){&#xA;&#xA;if (ele.size()&amp;gt;0)&#xA;{Thread.sleep(7000);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;element is displayed&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[text()='&quot; + wp_id + &quot;']/../..//a[text()='Edit']&quot;)).click();&#xA;flag = true;&#xA;break;&#xA;}else{&#xA;&#xA;//to click on the page number                               &#xA;pages.get(i).click();&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions&#xA;                                .visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//span[text()='&quot; + wp_id + &quot;']&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22146" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T12:02:33.317" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T12:59:02.533" Title="Not able to click on the consecutive pages in an application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23624" CreationDate="2016-11-11T10:27:37.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It strongly depends on what applications you would like to test, please find the best free and open source tools compilation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Desktop Automation:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli Script&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ldtp.freedesktop.org/wiki/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ldtp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile Automation&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://calaba.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Calabash&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Applications Testing:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://watir.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Watir&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance Testing:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-11-11T10:27:37.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20137" CreationDate="2016-11-12T03:30:27.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case you are using maven, add below dependency in your pom.xml and it would work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.httpcomponents&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;httpclient&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.5.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22402" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T03:30:27.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6326" CreationDate="2016-11-12T14:17:04.587" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is adding IDs to everything standard practice when using Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've observed in various companies over several years, this is a great approach, often championed by QA, but rarely done in practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most companies that do web development I usually see markup decisions like this being made primarily by two groups - application and ux developers.  They also have needs for ID's and classes for layout, ajax, styling.  The most common practice I observe is that QA has to work using those identifiers placed there by the other two groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried myself to push for unique ID's on all fields but developers and ux folks have their own needs to address first and they take priority.  I've also tried the 'use data-attributes just for QA' but then the feedback is that we don't want that test markup in our production code being served to users.  Most places are going to require you to work as a team on these decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in my experience, the standard practice is that generally you have to work within the bounds given to you by developers and ux markup folks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means you need to learn a little bit more about good ways to identify fields and learning not to do things like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//tr/td/div/div/div/div/span   &#xA;# XPath Too specific and thus too fragile, breaks when page layout changes&#xA;&#xA;td.header&#xA;# CSS path Too general, applies to several elements.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I call it the goldilocks approach.  Not too general, not too specific, short but unique is &quot;just right&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-12T14:17:04.587" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23762" CreationDate="2016-11-12T21:24:18.440" Score="2" ViewCount="468" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came across this idiom &quot;level of testing intrusion&quot;. Its definition is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the greater the number of changes that are required to be made to the system under test specifically for automated testing, the higher the level of testing intrusion. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a statement says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The higher levels of testing intrusion the higher risk for false alarms. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not understand the correlation between levels of testing intrusion and the higher chance for false alarms. Can anyone please use examples to explain it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T14:30:18.650" Title="Level of testing intrusion and false alarms" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23646" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-13T08:09:37.840" Score="1" ViewCount="8366" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I switch ON/OFF AIRPLANE mode and wifi using Appium ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium has below option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;NetworkConnection mobileDriver = (NetworkConnection) driver;&#xA; if (mobileDriver.getNetworkConnection() != ConnectionType.AIRPLANE_MODE) {&#xA;   // enabling Airplane mode&#xA;   mobileDriver.setNetworkConnection(ConnectionType.AIRPLANE_MODE);&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I create AndroidDriver object and typecast it with above code, getting error that such typecast is not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other way ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18133" LastActivityDate="2020-08-24T13:43:14.837" Title="How can I switch ON/OFF AIRPLANE mode and wifi using Appium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23648" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-13T11:51:38.200" Score="1" ViewCount="1075" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium 3 on Ubuntu and I am not able to launch the Firefox browser itself. I am getting following error-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;error&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;driver is not executable&quot;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pom;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Demo2&#xA;{   &#xA;    public static void main(String args[])&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&#xA;          &quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&#xA;          &quot;/home/chetan/workspace/Test_Project/driverfiles/geckodriver&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22410" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T12:38:34.873" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T12:39:49.170" Title="Error while opening Firefox with Selenium in Ubuntu" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23652" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-13T21:36:14.293" Score="1" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to performance testing and I was told by one of my teachers to use JMeter by Apache. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have made a few tests but I do not entirely understand the results. &#xA;My database is on my local host, if that makes any difference in interpreting these results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been running a simple update query 10,000 times. Are these results fine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been staring at the throughput and, KB/s and Avg. Bytes for a while. I'm not sure if these results are good or not. Average time is 1151 ms (1,15 seconds) which makes no sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it takes 1.15 second to update once, how come 10,000 updates only took like 30 seconds? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://puu.sh/shbGY/dca445ba5e.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test results&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22415" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-11-16T07:40:24.843" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T14:04:45.443" Title="Difficulty understanding Apache JMeter results" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23648" CreationDate="2016-11-14T04:07:43.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make sure that you have the capabilities set before running your script. There is a version compatibility issue going around. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be clear on what you want. I know it would be difficult to adjust with stack community but make sure you learn quicker. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;/path/to/your/geckodriver);&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;marionette&quot;, true);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;your link&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22246" LastEditorUserId="16686" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T07:25:23.550" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T07:25:23.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10024" CreationDate="2016-11-14T05:50:52.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well I also faced that error you might have enabled the &quot;Enable Webdriver Playback&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ng8yX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ng8yX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just disable it. It will work.&#xA;IDE Options is available on menubar&#xA;click that then again click on Options&#xA;In last tab there is the option for WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22418" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T05:50:52.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15328" CreationDate="2016-11-14T08:44:29.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can loop through the tds of table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to first capture the table id or the div under which table is located.&#xA;then using this element you have to loop through all td and check td's text == &quot;fred&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22359" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T08:44:29.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23565" CreationDate="2016-11-14T09:15:02.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple words:&#xA;Implicit wait allows you to wait for a fixed timeout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manage ().Timeouts ().ImplicitlyWait (TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above line will enforce implicit wait for 10 seconds and then execute further code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas, Explicit wait allows you to wait until a certain condition is met e.g. a page is completely loaded, or an element is visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriverWait in combination with ExpectedCondition is one way this can be accomplished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Webdriver wait = new WebdriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.Id(&quot;someElement&quot;));&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above line waits for 10 seconds to check if element with id 'someElement' is visible, if it is not found it throws exception and if its found further code will be executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22359" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T09:15:02.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23611" CreationDate="2016-11-14T10:35:48.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you are executing your automation script you might connected to VPN or any private network.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Please connect to open network and then give a try to execute your script. It might resolve your issue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="24445" LastEditDate="2018-02-19T12:43:26.273" LastActivityDate="2018-02-19T12:43:26.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23606" CreationDate="2016-11-14T10:41:04.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is error occur when you are executing script but there is not default tests are available by default&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have not mentioned your environment but still I am getting strong feeling if you are using TestNG, cross-check TestNG.xml&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have missed to create this file or may be that file is empty. So for execution no test are allocated&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T10:41:04.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22509" CreationDate="2016-11-14T13:08:19.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you use test parameters and create separate test configurations for each browser. So you'd do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a parameter for &quot;Browser&quot; in your test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insert the parameter in a step such as &quot;Load Firefox&quot;, where you are substituting the variable for &quot;Firefox&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add the tests into your test set and set the browser variable accordingly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add all the browser scenarios in your test set this way using exactly the same tests, but the test runs will be unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The lazier way is just to create a test set for each browser, but the steps wouldn't contain any directions for starting up the correct program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22429" LastActivityDate="2016-11-14T13:08:19.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23670" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-14T18:41:57.893" Score="2" ViewCount="1505" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using a Mac as well as IntelliJ. I am trying to update Selenium from 2.53 as the website I am testing has functions that no longer work with older versions of Firefox (version 46). I am trying to update to Version 49 of Firefox. I am trying to update to Selenium 3.0.1 from 2.53.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded the 0.11.1 Geckodriver and named it to &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt;. I have included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;/Users/jwhitmore/Downloads/WebDrivers/firefox/geckodriver&quot;);. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have set the folder geckodriver is in in the PATH. No matter what I do I cannot seem to get selenium webdriver 3.0.1 to work in IntelliJ.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MultiSelect {&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void login() throws Exception {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;/Users/jwhitmore/Downloads/WebDrivers/firefox/geckodriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;        @After&#xA;    public void close() {&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void loginTest() throws Exception {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://192.168.1.23:8080&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;name-inputEl&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;user&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;textfield-1009-inputEl&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;pass&quot; + Keys.ENTER);&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/span[1]/div/div[2]/div/div/a[5]/span/span/span[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still get this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.gecko.driver system property; for more information, see https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver. The latest version can be downloaded from https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&#xA;at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState(Preconditions.java:199)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.findExecutable(DriverService.java:109)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService.access$000(GeckoDriverService.java:37)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService$Builder.findDefaultExecutable(GeckoDriverService.java:95)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:296)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.createCommandExecutor(FirefoxDriver.java:277)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:247)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:242)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:238)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:127)&#xA;at com.compusoft.synoptixServer.Scheduler.MultiSelect.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(MultiSelect.java:17)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:217)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:266)&#xA;at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:263)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)&#xA;at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)&#xA;at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)&#xA;at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:117)&#xA;at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:42)&#xA;at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:262)&#xA;at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:84)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)&#xA;at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been wondering if this is a syntax issue with Mac?&#xA;Please any suggestions would be helpful. Let me know if there is any additional information you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21613" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:55:48.820" LastActivityDate="2021-05-17T04:05:40.427" Title="How to get Selenium 3.0.1 to work on a Mac with IntelliJ" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23646" CreationDate="2016-11-15T04:40:13.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using hardware keys.&#xA;Write the steps to turn it on and off by using hardware buttons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T04:40:13.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20081" CreationDate="2016-11-15T05:07:22.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All the error message on a page will have same class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use that message's style class to get control of the element(message box) and then if it has to show so and so message then you can verify by using text property in IWebElement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g:&#xA;Message is being shown as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span class='error-block'&amp;gt;Please fill out this field&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;IWebElement errorMesg= browser.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;error-block&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;       public bool CompareInlineErrors(string expectedMsg)&#xA;       {&#xA;        var errorMsg = browser.FindElements (By.TagName (&quot;span&quot;));&#xA;        bool IsMsgMatched = false;&#xA;        for (var i = 0; i &amp;lt; errorMsg.Count; i++) {&#xA;             if (errorMsg [i].GetAttribute (&quot;class&quot;).Contains(&quot;error-block&quot;)) {&#xA;                if (errorMsg [i].Displayed) {&#xA;                    if (errorMsg [i].Text.Contains (expectedMsg)) {&#xA;                                IsMsgMatched = true;&#xA;                            }&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;        return IsMsgMatched;&#xA;       }&#xA;&#xA;      Assert.AreEqual(true,CompareInlineErrors(&quot;Please fill out this field.&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before executing above, you have to make sure you are validating error for one field at a time i.e by leaving one field empty and giving input to other fields. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can still work if each field has different error message, but if it has same message then you have to do above.&#xA;Thanks, hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22359" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T05:07:22.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23670" CreationDate="2016-11-15T05:16:48.113" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;try adding &lt;code&gt;.exe&lt;/code&gt; to geckodriver. it may work - you also can move the driver somewhere specific and reference it explicitly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;/home/exeter/D‌​ownloads/geckodriver‌​&quot;);&#xA;DesiredCapabiliti‌​es capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;marionette&quot;, true); &#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22246" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2017-04-14T21:29:20.560" LastActivityDate="2017-04-14T21:29:20.560" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23652" CreationDate="2016-11-15T09:21:12.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you using more than one virtual user? If you simulate 380 concurrent users and your average is 1.15 second you can be ready in around 30 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T09:21:12.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-15T10:52:49.627" Score="1" ViewCount="631" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to selenium .Please help me with how to take screenshot in seleniumwebdriver using java with filename as stepdefinition &amp;amp; time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22442" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T11:47:25.650" Title="How To take screenshot in selenium webdriver with stepdefinition name &amp; time" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;screenshot&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-16T19:23:04.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23682" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23702" CreationDate="2016-11-15T10:53:00.540" Score="2" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I run my Selenium test suite under Jenkins a test fails. If I run the same test suite from the command prompt they all pass. When running from the command prompt, I am in  the Jenkins worskpace. This where the Jenkins runs Selenium from. Has anyone got any ideas as to why this maybe? Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22440" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-11-16T07:34:57.173" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T09:58:55.273" Title="A single Selenuim test fails under jenkins" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-18T07:15:45.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23622" CreationDate="2016-11-15T10:58:16.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This happens many times when selection is happening instantly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this you can try following handy tricks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select dropdown item and add a wait event. So that during wait time the field becomes normal and accepts the input selected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select dropdown item and then click on body of page( I know it might sound silly, but you can try in order to shift focus).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Select dropdown item and explicitly put focus on next field which you are going to input value, even though the focus will be shifted automatically but when you add explicit shifting of focus the previous field will possibly become normal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also try by selecting dropdown item by using index instead of text. Looping through dropdown items using index and inside loop, add if condition dropdown item's text matches with your string and make it select that item if it matches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22359" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T10:58:16.673" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23684" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23692" CreationDate="2016-11-15T11:04:03.250" Score="1" ViewCount="783" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was hoping to get a web automation test script working on an AWS EC2 instance running Ubuntu 16.04 LTS with Ruby; Capybara and Cucumber frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am intending to use Selenium-Webdriver as my web-driver (as opposed to waitr) and have also included Google's Chromedriver &lt;strong&gt;(Downloaded and extracted to the  &lt;code&gt;/usr/bin/&lt;/code&gt; directory. and added to the server's &lt;code&gt;$PATH&lt;/code&gt; variable.)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also intending to run this headlessly via Jenkins (as this is an AWS virtual server, it does not have any kind of GUI)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am including the code being used. &lt;strong&gt;Please Note:&lt;/strong&gt; I am attempting this in Ruby, but not rails!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ActiveSupport::Dependencies.autoload_paths &amp;lt;&amp;lt; File.expand_path(File.join(Dir.pwd, 'lib'))&#xA;Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Service.executable_path = '/usr/bin/chromedriver'&#xA;&#xA;if ENV['IN_BROWSER']&#xA;  # On demand: non-headless tests via Selenium/WebDriver&#xA;  # To run the scenarios in browser (default: Firefox), use the following command line:&#xA;  # IN_BROWSER=true bundle exec cucumber&#xA;  # or (to have a pause of 1 second between each step):&#xA;  # IN_BROWSER=true PAUSE=1 bundle exec cucumber&#xA;  Capybara.default_driver = :selenium&#xA;  Capybara.current_session.driver.browser.manage.window.resize_to(1800, 1000)&#xA;&#xA;  Capybara.register_driver :chrome do |app|&#xA;    require 'selenium/webdriver'&#xA;    profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Profile.new&#xA;    profile['browser.helperApps.alwaysAsk.force'] = false&#xA;    profile['browser.cache.disk.enable'] = false&#xA;    profile['browser.cache.memory.enable'] = false&#xA;    client = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Http::Default.new&#xA;    client.timeout = 240 # instead of the default 60&#xA;    Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser =&amp;gt; :chrome, :profile =&amp;gt; profile, http_client: client)&#xA;&#xA;  end&#xA;else&#xA;  ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When attempting to run this through Jenkins, I get the following error message: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;not a file: &quot;/usr/bin/chromedriver&quot; (Selenium::WebDriver::Error::WebDriverError)&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.53.4/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/platform.rb:145:in `assert_file'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.53.4/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/platform.rb:150:in `assert_executable'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.53.4/lib/selenium/webdriver/chrome/service.rb:46:in `executable_path='&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/workspace/test/features/support/env.rb:12:in `&amp;lt;top (required)&amp;gt;'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:96:in `load'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:96:in `load_code_file'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:142:in `load_file'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:84:in `block in load_files!'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `each'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `load_files!'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:253:in `load_step_definitions'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:61:in `run!'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:32:in `execute!'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/gems/cucumber-2.4.0/bin/cucumber:8:in `&amp;lt;top (required)&amp;gt;'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/bin/cucumber:23:in `load'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/bin/cucumber:23:in `&amp;lt;main&amp;gt;'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval'&#xA;/var/jenkins_home/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `&amp;lt;main&amp;gt;'&#xA;Build step 'Execute shell' marked build as failure&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've not figured out why Jenkins is throwing up this message (I haven't even gotten to the part about the actual display (Which I'm using Xvfb to imitate a screen)) Can you help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22441" LastEditorUserId="22441" LastEditDate="2016-11-15T11:30:39.433" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:03:34.720" Title="AWS EC2 - Cucumber, Selenium-Webdriver, Capybara, Ruby, **Jenkins** - Not a File &quot;/usr/bin/chromedriver&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23681" CreationDate="2016-11-15T11:30:23.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no specific method to note the stepname,you will have to explicitly mention the stepname.&#xA;To get the time you can use the Date Class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps to get the screenshot:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    /* Taking the screenshot */&#xA;    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;&#xA;    /* Saving the screenshot file, &#xA;      over here you can name the file as per your wish ex: step_Desc_dd-mm-yy */&#xA;    FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;c:\\tmp\\screenshot.png&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps to get the Date:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String get_Curr_Date()&#xA;{&#xA;    /* DateFormat you define the format ex: 17-12-16 03-59 */&#xA;    DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;dd-MM-YY hh-mm&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    /* Getting the current date &amp;amp; time */&#xA;    Date date = new Date();&#xA;&#xA;    /* Storing the date &amp;amp; time in a string in previously mentioned format */&#xA;    String dateTime = dateFormat.format(date);&#xA;&#xA;    return dateTime ;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2016-11-15T11:47:25.650" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T11:47:25.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23694" CreationDate="2016-11-15T11:59:04.657" Score="0" ViewCount="1241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn security testing. The most important security testing types are : sql injection attacks, cross-site scripting, phishing attack. I don't know how to start learning. I want to find some tutorial or can anyone please explain to me how to start ? Are there any tools available ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="22227" LastEditDate="2016-11-15T13:34:39.537" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T15:57:24.073" Title="I want to learn security testing" Tags="&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-16T02:48:00.083" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23688" CreationDate="2016-11-15T12:58:22.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with, I'd suggest installing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; and exploring your website with it. There's plenty of information available about how to use Fiddler and it makes a decent starting point to explore and try to manipulate data going to your application. (I have no affiliation with Telerik - I just use the software as my first pass security tool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond that, I'd recommend searching for tutorials in the different types of security testing, as well as searching the &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Information Security&lt;/a&gt; stack exchange site for beginner-level information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few other pieces of general advice for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you/your employer doesn't control the software, don't try to learn security testing on it. Not every public site wants to have their security tested by anyone who feels like it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to learn on a test environment. It may not have everything locked down (e.g. many test environments don't use SSL), but the fundamentals of the application should be the same. More importantly, on a test environment, if you accidentally do something horrible to the server or database, you can recover. Doing that to your employer's live software could get you fired.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search engines are your friend. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T10:46:12.203" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T12:58:22.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23684" CreationDate="2016-11-15T15:37:06.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay, so I really was stuck and I couldn't figure it out; so I decided to try something different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I disabled the docker image holding my Jenkins instance and instead loaded up my Apache2 Web server and installed Jenkins via:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo apt-get install jenkins&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This immediately set up jenkins with a user on the AWS Ubuntu install.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found out that, while on Docker, the Jenkins had not set up its user properly and so; when it came to looking for the binary files for chromedriver it was attempting to look at files it had no right looking in as it wasn't a registered user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could have probably edited Jenkins to use an appropriate user; but this worked just as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22441" LastEditorUserId="22441" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T11:03:34.720" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:03:34.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14301" CreationDate="2016-11-15T15:46:13.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe for your second question you have enough and more answers so I'm not going to touch base on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coming to your first question, I.e what questions you need to ask, sharing some of my experience &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A proper API testing is possible only with adequate documentation. Not sure whether your organisation has technical writers to document the features or developers do it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technology used : Soap or Rest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are we going to expose the API to third party or is it going to internal I.e whether it is an outbound or Inbound API&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of Authentication mechanism will be used?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of versioning approach will be followed. Say one client needs one additional node.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will the APIs follow a workflow? If yes, will the workflow differ for different clients. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of actions performed, GET,PUT, POST etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will the API be restricted to a country or region?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will the API support Multi language?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always ask for Benchmark , even if the developers are not interested, and, do capture the Performance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of validation/ testing is expected from stakeholders (point of view) would help. In certain instances, structure validation is sufficient and in some, data too needs to be validated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to set up a Mock Server to receive and mimick responses. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our team, we use JMeter as we have need to perform headless execution as well and Performance plays a role. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I didn't have clue on your company's line of business, shared some of my perceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22425" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T15:46:13.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23688" CreationDate="2016-11-15T15:57:24.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check this really good list:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://katrinatester.blogspot.de/2015/09/security-testing-pathway.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://katrinatester.blogspot.de/2015/09/security-testing-pathway.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this free courses:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cybrary.it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.cybrary.it&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T15:57:24.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23063" CreationDate="2016-11-15T15:58:16.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure whether you have tried &lt;a href=&quot;http://galenframework.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://galenframework.com&lt;/a&gt; . One of my colleagues showcased its capabilities (he is using it for testing the responsiveness) and it captures what an human eye could never capture. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: Pretty easy to develop from a testing point but without the support from UI/UX team, Herculean task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22425" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T15:58:16.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22374" CreationDate="2016-11-15T16:06:19.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding this because SO doesn't allow code in comments (don't upvote)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports = (function (settings) {&#xA;&#xA;  settings.test_settings.default.desiredCapabilities.chromeOptions = {&#xA;    'extensions': [ encode(&quot;path/to/extension.crx&quot;) ]&#xA;  }&#xA;  return settings;&#xA;&#xA;})(require('./nightwatch.json'));&#xA;&#xA;function encode(file) {&#xA;  var stream = require('fs').readFileSync(file);&#xA;  return new Buffer(stream).toString('base64');&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22452" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T16:06:19.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18019" CreationDate="2016-11-15T18:59:38.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;well this code will work..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    action.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='BirthMonth']/div[1]&quot;))).click().sendKeys(Keys.UP).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22456" LastActivityDate="2016-11-15T18:59:38.043" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-16T06:59:55.413" Score="2" ViewCount="25490" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to write a crawler that crawls throughout exercises available on my website (1200 exercises) and save a copy of DOM in my local as I have to use that DOM to create an exercise DVD. Can anyone please suggest a way to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please see the screenshot to get more clear understanding.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/alxse.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/alxse.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17762" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T05:40:06.090" Title="How to save a copy of web page DOM using selenium webdriver and JAVA/C#" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23682" CreationDate="2016-11-16T09:58:55.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we execute automation script/tests using Jenkins -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cross check whether you have provided few hard-coded location paths?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you are creating reports you need to check whether you have required access permissions to read, write &amp;amp; execute?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, If you are taking screen-shots of failed tests, ensure you are having all access permission&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will surely update my answer, once more details will be provided for question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T09:58:55.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23708" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-16T13:42:52.073" Score="1" ViewCount="1359" Body="&lt;p&gt;Protractor seems to be the buzzword these days for automating Web pages built with Angular JS. Are there any other frameworks other than Protractor specifically built for testing Angular web apps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10783" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T12:07:46.447" Title="Are there any other frameworks other than Protractor for testing Angular web apps?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22683" CreationDate="2016-11-16T14:16:46.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you'd like to find security vulnerabilities in web applications, you should look at the OWASP Zed Attack Proxy Project at www.owasp.org. The project is open-source so it fits your price range. It runs on Java so it's cross-platform. It provides automated scanners as well as tools for manually locating security holes. It is mature, well-documented and supported. You can find it here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T14:16:46.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23708" CreationDate="2016-11-16T14:19:00.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of frameworks and libraries. But too much depend of the level of testing you want to achive.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nightwatch&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Webdrive&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nightmarejs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nigthmarejs&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://karma-runner.github.io/1.0/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karma&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://mochajs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mocha&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://chaijs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chai&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhantomJs&lt;/a&gt; (personally I use this stack). &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/avajs/ava&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ava&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/substack/tape&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tape&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;- &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/tapjs/node-tap&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Node-tap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to mention some frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22477" LastEditorUserId="22477" LastEditDate="2016-12-10T20:00:09.860" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T20:00:09.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17810" CreationDate="2016-11-16T14:43:50.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems the closest government body you would want to investigate would be the FDA. They regulate medical devices as well as food &amp;amp; drug. If you don't have to follow this path by law, avoid it as the FDA has more power than the police to kill your business should they even suspect something is wrong. If you want to pursue this as a means of making sure you are being good corporate citizens offering a high-quality product, go ahead. You can start your investigation by searching for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/PostmarketRequirements/QualitySystemsRegulations/default.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Medical Device Good Manufacturing Processes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T14:43:50.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23713" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23717" CreationDate="2016-11-16T14:48:25.153" Score="1" ViewCount="252" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are useful and practical asserts to consider in our web automation project which uses selenium (java) to automate an eCommerce web application. As this is my first website to automate, I am running out of ideas where i can verify things expect few which i know mentioned below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify each page Title  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify a button, text, link, image, custom text etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from these is there any thing else i can verify?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22476" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-16T20:59:51.853" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T02:44:35.097" Title="What elements should I assert for automation of my eCommerce application?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;assert&gt;&lt;validation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-17T03:50:55.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-16T14:56:49.523" Score="0" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to open any url in firefox browser but it does not open. what should I do? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I installed firefox 47. I put in my code here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Baseclass {&#xA;public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;public static WebDriver OpenBrowser(){&#xA;    String browsername=&quot;firefox&quot;;&#xA;    String url=&quot;https://www.healthcarevalunteer.com&quot;;&#xA;    if(browsername.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;firefox&quot;)){&#xA;        driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        // Create the Selenium implementation&#xA;        Selenium selenium = new WebDriverBackedSelenium(driver, url);&#xA;&#xA;        // Perform actions with selenium&#xA;        selenium.open(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(url);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22479" LastEditorUserId="22479" LastEditDate="2016-11-16T17:07:16.863" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T18:23:22.293" Title="Selenium Webdriver url related" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17621" CreationDate="2016-11-16T15:42:12.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenese is a flavour of Javascript which has a &quot;Same Origin Policy&quot; security restriction. If your frames are from different websites, dragging/dropping between the two would violate the Same Origin Policy and not be allowed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One answer can be found &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32858214/how-selnium-webdriver-overcomes-same-origin-policy&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're not married to Selenium, another way to sidestep the Same Origin Policy restriction is to use Sikuli. Sikuli is an open-source java-based cross-platform record/playback tool that uses object recognition instead of object names. If you can see it on the screen, you can automate it. It's not a magic pill that will solve all your automation problems, but it might be helpful here.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T15:42:12.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23714" CreationDate="2016-11-16T18:23:22.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are not migrating RC tests to WebDriver you don't need the WebDriverBackedSelenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should work as you expect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    final String url = &quot;https://www.healthcarevalunteer.com&quot;;&#xA;    final RemoteWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(url);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="653" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T18:23:22.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23713" CreationDate="2016-11-16T19:21:48.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your testing objectives, the number of verifications you can do to a website is infinite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have no background knowledge about your project so it is hard for us to understand what &quot;common assertions&quot; are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, my personal opinions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify each page &lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt;, header (normally &lt;code&gt;h1&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify if key elements are present, such as buttons, texts and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does a page load within the specified time box?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you click on a button, does a prompt dialogue box pop out?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are all buttons responsive to clicking? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any hidden element on this page that will only appear under a certain condition?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any overlapping elements?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does your mobile version of webpage have the same &quot;look and feel&quot; with your desktop version?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above is plenty of work for you to start with, but please do talk with your project stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T19:21:48.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23713" CreationDate="2016-11-16T20:01:11.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The asserts I commonly use are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assert that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An element is present based on a CSS identifier, ideally ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An element is present based on other selectors and attributes that make it unique&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a user choose an option that should present a form, a form element is then present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A form element is correctly not present (e.g. not redisplayed due to error) after submit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The correct markup is present after an action is performed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An error form has the correct markup and information for validations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I submit a form, application pages then list the new item as added&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I delete content as a user, the deleted content no longer shows on relevant pages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll notice that all but the first two are 'take this action and then verify that the page content is as expected'.  Even the first two can be after an event.  I think this is where you are struggling the most based on your description which basically described the elements present on initial page load.  Testing adds much more value when you have a state, an action and then a resulting state that you test against.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You'll also notice that I don't list asserting text here.  You can do it but it is one of the worst approaches as users change text and so do languages.  Consider it an assertion of last resort and hopefully avoid it altogether.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avoid or be conservative in the following assertions because they are brittle, likely to break and require maintenance over time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;specific text for large blocks of text or text that is likely to have wording changed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;specific text in one language when the site serves multiple languages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;identifiers such as css class which may not be or remain unique&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;identifiers that are overly specific and include page layout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also use a Page Object approach for my element selectors so my tests look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;context 'the driver correctly', :happy do&#xA;   scenario 'adds a violation', :js do &#xA;    visit_ready auto_policies_path(current_step: s4_path)     &#xA;    add_valid_violation(child_seat_violation)         &#xA;    wait_for_ajax     &#xA;    expect(page).not_to have_css p.css_new_violation_form     &#xA;    expect(find(p.css_added_violation)).to have_content child_seat_violation&#xA;    # ^^^ assertions&#xA;   end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-16T21:01:33.937" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T21:01:33.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23719" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23723" CreationDate="2016-11-16T20:56:18.823" Score="7" ViewCount="703" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read an article about DevOps and it sparked my curiousity on what would be the role of a QA here. Though I would like to quote this from the article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the end, if there is a layer of people in the middle between development and operations, then you cannot perform CI and CD seamlessly and, therefore, cannot do DevOps. To run a proper DevOps operation, you cannot have QA at all. - &lt;a href=&quot;https://devops.com/devops-killed-qa/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://devops.com/devops-killed-qa/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this talking about a traditional, manual QA? OR does it talk about QA in general? I thought QA's role in DevOps is to prevent bugs, not finding them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T21:58:17.967" Title="Does DevOps really kill QA?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2016-11-16T20:57:05.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started as a manual QA tester in a company and I barely knew what test cases meant, I only execute it whenever we have to test a certain app. Then I moved to becoming a QA that does both test cases and testing. Long story short, I am now an automation tester (I still haven't given up manual testing yet as this is still vital and needed so I do both) and currently building our own testing framework using c# and selenium. One thing I realized about this big shift is this: &quot;Development is really challenging and enjoyable, which felt like putting all the pieces of puzzle together, but QA is also challenging and enjoyable because I also like to break the puzzles and build in another perspective.&quot; I guess if you want to end up as a developer, start as a QA so you would have a broader understanding of how things work in a high level and then if you'd like to test your 'coding' skills then start automation and see if you really want to be a developer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T20:57:05.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3648" CreationDate="2016-11-16T21:08:24.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've done the reverse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I WAS a developer. For 20 years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;THEN i moved into QA and wow am I having fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But to your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, much as folks in my QA/QE (Quality Engineering) displicpline, including myself don't want to admit it, QA/QE can be a route to development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as I've shown in my initial answer, the reverse can also be true!  Development can be a great route to Quality Engineering.  I covered QE 'for a month' 5 years ago and I've never looked back.  Today I'm a QE automation developer (among many QE hats) and my developer background is sooo helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also a note on good ole $$$  ok in the past QA meant manual tester and half the salary of a dev.  More recently highly skilled QE developers who can write good automation can make more then well paid devs.  Something to consider!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T21:08:24.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23719" CreationDate="2016-11-16T21:13:00.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA and devops are different roles that can and should co-exist and they do that in all my recent companies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;QA&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA sees if the application works.  We're not (just) talking http &lt;code&gt;get&lt;/code&gt; requests, we're talking 'can end users and consumers use the full functionality of the software as expected'.  Servers might be up and working but there can be many application specific reasons why users can't log in after a recent application change.  Perhaps the key factor here is that QE and application developers should be working hand-in-hand to ensure quality during development rather than QE having a more traditional 'gatekeeper' role after development is done.  This sort of role is what gets in the way in your description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;DevOps&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Devops makes sure that the servers are up, memory is available, DNS is working, backups are being made, CPU's aren't overloaded, etc, etc (much more).  Users might not be able to log into the application but the servers themselves might be up and running and available fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T21:18:46.847" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23719" CreationDate="2016-11-16T21:58:17.967" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simply put, no it hasn't. It might be changing &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; development shops, but not all, and even where it is changing it isn't killing anything. Or at least, it shouldn't be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, let's be sure to clarify the difference between QA and testing. I &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/213/65&quot;&gt;went over this&lt;/a&gt; five years ago, but I'll summarize here. Testing is being a professional user that does some crazy and some not so crazy scenarios. Quality Assurance is the broader goal of &quot;Is the customer happy?&quot; They're often confused because testing is so critical to a customer being happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that out of the way, it's obvious that QA as a department isn't going anywhere. It will still analyze metrics and feedback to make the app better. It will still explore the app to find defects and get them back to development to be prioritized and resolved. If a company is killing its QA department because they've discovered the latest definition of DevOps (of which there are many) there won't be a company there for long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question now is &lt;strong&gt;Does manual testing remain a quality gate to production?&lt;/strong&gt; And it's very possible the answer is no for some places. Some fast paced environments are going to look at the risk to reward and say look, we can push to prod without a battery of tests because the benefit of getting new features out immediately is critical. I've had clients in the high-frequency trading  sector that were doing this in 2010 because they have to constantly adapt their algorithms to TODAY'S market conditions. By the time QA can test, those conditions are gone and the money is gobbled up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this is nothing new - it's just that other companies are willing to make those jumps to production too now. Nothing is getting killed. You still need testers to explore the app. They just might not stand in the way before going live. Because you can push a new build out almost instantly, some companies will choose to send it live now while testers go to town on the build. If there's a problem, development will fix it and send out a &lt;em&gt;new&lt;/em&gt; version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for the vast majority of companies, this level of reaction time is not necessary and will not be profitable. Plenty of apps can go weeks or months between release, so it's no big deal to just have everything tested. So while this author is telling all the testers to start changing careers, I would tell them to exercise caution. Learn all you can about DevOps, and all the other paradigms that are gaining traction, and find out how to best support your firm with that knowledge. And keep doing the awesome things you're doing every day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trust me, &lt;strong&gt;no skies are falling.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2016-11-16T21:58:17.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23708" CreationDate="2016-11-16T22:58:49.503" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose you can look at tools that were not created specifically for Angular but convenient for Angular web apps testing. I've tried to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://devexpress.github.io/testcafe/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestCafe&lt;/a&gt; for testing Angular web apps to compare it with Protractor and it was comfortable. TestCafe api has &lt;a href=&quot;https://devexpress.github.io/testcafe/documentation/test-api/selecting-page-elements/selectors.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selectors&lt;/a&gt;, it helps to create useful page model for Angular web apps tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you call replace this code in Protractor test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var user = element(by.model(&quot;user&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;user.getAttribute('value').then(function (value) {&#xA;    console.log(value);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with this TestCafe test code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const user = Selector('[ng-model=user]');&#xA;&#xA;console.log(await user.value);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or create angular-specific page model object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const byModel = model =&amp;gt; Selector(`[ng-model=${model}]`);&#xA;&#xA;const page = {&#xA;    user: byModel('user')&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;console.log(await page.user.value);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've posted this example just to show that not Angular-based testing tools can be useful for testing Angular apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Now TestCafe Team provides &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/DevExpress/testcafe-angular-selectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selector extensions&lt;/a&gt; that make it easier to test Angular applications with TestCafe. These extensions allow you to create a Selector to find elements on the page in a way that is native to Angular applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22346" LastEditorUserId="22346" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T08:23:12.830" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T08:23:12.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23713" CreationDate="2016-11-17T02:44:35.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Look at the requirement document and the test plan document.&#xA;On that it should clearly mention what should test and what should not to test.&#xA;So based on the above 2 documents you will be able to identify what kind of elements you need to assert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T02:44:35.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20594" CreationDate="2016-11-17T14:19:18.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To find the last button using Xpath try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;ShowProducts_PagesTop&quot;]/span/button[last()]/span')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So instead of giving a number, you can select the last one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11797" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T14:19:18.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13919" CreationDate="2016-11-17T16:19:36.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like the answer, but it didn't explain everything. Didn't know that I need to create a ChromeOptions object then change the proxy to null.  Here is my code that solved the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        string driverPath = @&quot;C:\where ever the driver it\&quot;;&#xA;        var chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;        chromeOptions.Proxy = null;&#xA;        IWebDriver browser = new ChromeDriver(driverPath, chromeOptions);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22498" LastActivityDate="2016-11-17T16:19:36.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23738" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-17T23:02:04.370" Score="0" ViewCount="1249" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to upload an image in the div section with the help of following code which makes use of Robot Class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;OS: Mac OS,&#xA;Selenium: WebDriver,&#xA;Client: Java.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;StringSelection imagePath = new StringSelection(&quot;/Users/admin/Desktop/TestImages Ordering/resto-img/fansushi.jpg&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(imagePath, null);&#xA;&#xA;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will this code work independent of the OS we use? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22502" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T06:45:57.783" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T15:28:56.100" Title="Does Robot Class functionality behaves correctly independent of the OS we use?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23740" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23741" CreationDate="2016-11-18T08:33:46.063" Score="0" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Android Debug Bridge (ADB) error below is given when running application on Eclipse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I fix this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Checking if an update is available&#xA;Launching Appium server with command: C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node.exe lib\server\main.js --address 127.0.0.1 --port 4723 --platform-name Android --platform-version 23 --automation-name Appium --log-no-color&#xA;info: Welcome to Appium v1.4.16 (REV ae6877eff263066b26328d457bd285c0cc62430d)&#xA;info: Appium REST http interface listener started on 127.0.0.1:4723&#xA;info: [debug] Non-default server args: {&quot;address&quot;:&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;,&quot;logNoColors&quot;:true,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;23&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;Appium&quot;}&#xA;info: Console LogLevel: debug&#xA;Update not available&#xA;info: --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;appPackage&quot;:&quot;com.android.calculator2&quot;,&quot;appActivity&quot;:&quot;com.android.calculator2.Calculator&quot;,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;Galaxy S6&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;6.0.1&quot;}}&#xA;info: Client User-Agent string: undefined&#xA;info: [debug] The following desired capabilities were provided, but not recognized by appium. They will be passed on to any other services running on this server. : version&#xA;info: [debug] Didn't get app but did get Android package, will attempt to launch it on the device&#xA;info: [debug] Creating new appium session 3515ed17-27c1-4a5e-bb48-db47b4b19235&#xA;info: Starting android appium&#xA;info: [debug] Getting Java version&#xA;info: Java version is: 1.8.0_111&#xA;info: [debug] Checking whether adb is present&#xA;&#xA;error: Unhandled error: Error: ENOENT, no such file or directory 'C:\Users\Laksitha\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\tools;C:\Users\Laksitha\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platform-tools\build-tools'&#xA;&#xA;at Error (native)&#xA;at Object.fs.readdirSync (fs.js:761:18)&#xA;at exports.getDirectories (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-adb\lib\helpers.js:100:18)&#xA;at [object Object].ADB.checkSdkBinaryPresent (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-adb\lib\adb.js:97:25)&#xA;at [object Object].ADB.checkAdbPresent (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-adb\lib\adb.js:134:8)&#xA;at Function.ADB.createADB (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-adb\lib\adb.js:73:7)&#xA;at [object Object].androidCommon.initAdb (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\lib\devices\android\android-common.js:1083:9)&#xA;at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\async\lib\async.js:607:21&#xA;at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\async\lib\async.js:246:17&#xA;at iterate (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\async\lib\async.js:146:13)&#xA;at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\async\lib\async.js:157:25&#xA;at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\async\lib\async.js:248:21&#xA;at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\async\lib\async.js:612:34&#xA;at [object Object].&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\lib\devices\android\android-common.js:1077:12)&#xA;at [object Object].&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\lib\devices\android\android-common.js:1064:12)&#xA;at ChildProcess.exithandler (child_process.js:742:7)&#xA;at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:110:17)&#xA;at maybeClose (child_process.js:1016:16)&#xA;at Socket.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (child_process.js:1184:11)&#xA;at Socket.emit (events.js:107:17)&#xA;at Pipe.close (net.js:484:11) context: [POST /wd/hub/session {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;appPackage&quot;:&quot;com.android.calculator2&quot;,&quot;appActivity&quot;:&quot;com.android.calculator2.Calculator&quot;,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;Galaxy S6&quot;,&quot;version&quot;:&quot;6]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2016-11-18T18:33:53.597" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T06:24:48.320" Title="Android ADB error for Appium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23740" CreationDate="2016-11-18T09:25:16.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your environment variable is configured wrongly. Set the &lt;code&gt;ANDROID_HOME&lt;/code&gt; environment variable to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Users\Laksitha\AppData\Local\Android\android-sdk&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Users\Laksitha\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\tools;C:\Users\L‌​aksitha\AppData\Loca‌​l\Android\sdk\platfo‌​rm-tools&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="10697" LastEditDate="2016-11-19T06:24:48.320" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T06:24:48.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23738" CreationDate="2016-11-18T09:29:06.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, reason being Different OS works differently. The way we copy and paste things in MAC differs from Windows. Secondly the way MAC OS supports java also differs from windows. so we need different code for different OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T09:29:06.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23743" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26098" CreationDate="2016-11-18T09:53:08.433" Score="0" ViewCount="188" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/Documentation/Ranorex/html/M_Ranorex_Host_OpenBrowser_5.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OpenBrowser method&lt;/a&gt; seems to allow a browser-name only, but does not allow to specify a browser version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any official way, or do you know any good alternative (e.g. via custom code)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T14:14:23.933" Title="How to run Ranorex tests in a specific browser version?" Tags="&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23745" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-18T16:49:06.553" Score="3" ViewCount="1806" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am using JSON Path Extractor as my POST PROCESSOR to parse parameters from response body.&#xA;Suppose say I have to parse two parameters from response 'AuthenticationToken' as well as 'userId'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I have to add two 'JSON Path extractor' or what? If this is the solution then how should I parse if there are many parameters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22423" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T05:24:53.567" LastActivityDate="2020-05-11T10:05:40.693" Title="How do I parse more than one parameters from the response in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23745" CreationDate="2016-11-18T21:41:45.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can do it in one JSON Path Extractor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have access to JMeter right now, but here's an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-usage-json-path-extractor-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt; on the linked page in the &amp;quot;Selecting Multiple Values with One Expression&amp;quot; section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://goessner.net/articles/JsonPath/index.html#e2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Additional reference&lt;/a&gt; on building JSONPaths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7472" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-11-18T21:41:45.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23748" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-19T01:36:55.667" Score="0" ViewCount="419" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a flaky selenium spec because a notice disappears after page load because of a separate event that happens from polling the client or some other change. One solution would be immediately on page load to just 'freeze' the state of the page and totally disallow any changes to it via js or otherwise just so I can check that expectation. Is there a way to accomplish this with selenium? Selenium webdriver in Ruby to be specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8728" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T03:02:32.147" Title="Stop animations javascript and other front end work on page load with selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23748" CreationDate="2016-11-19T03:55:56.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;yeah, if my understanding is right, you can check for an element's presence with selenium, &lt;code&gt;@driver.find_element&lt;/code&gt; throws an exception called &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;, you can use it to track this notice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And a notice will usually be inside of an iframe, you may need to locate this iframe first as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T03:55:56.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23750" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-19T06:54:50.133" Score="3" ViewCount="1740" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you troubleshoot an Ajax call that never seems to complete in Selenium running in a headless environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm running Selenium 3.0.1 from a Django unittest to confirm content gets dynamically loaded via Ajax when buttons are clicked. My test's setUp() initializes Selenium with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;p = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()&#xA;p.set_preference(&quot;webdriver.log.file&quot;, &quot;/tmp/firefox_console&quot;)&#xA;self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(p, capabilities={'marionette': False})&#xA;self.driver.implicitly_wait(20)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tests run perfectly on my localhost, but when I run these tests on a headless integration server using Xvfb, they always fail, timing out looking for the IDs of the Ajax content that apparently never seems to populate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm completely stuck with how to diagnose the problem. Is there something with Selenium+Firefox+Xvfb that causes Ajax calls to fail? Or are they succeeding, but the dynamically created elements are just not visible to Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried increasing the virtual screen resolution, to better simulate my localhost, with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.driver.set_window_size(1920, 1080)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but that seemed to have no effect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find any documentation on reading the status of Ajax calls from Selenium. Is this possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other reason would Selenium not work on a headless server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4303" LastActivityDate="2019-08-13T22:02:25.347" Title="Headless Selenium Failing for Ajax Calls" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23751" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-19T14:06:09.560" Score="7" ViewCount="2586" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a manual and automation tester for a financial company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers in my company don't have access to the source code of our applications, we have limited access rights to our version control repositories (git).&#xA;This is due to confidentiality and security obligations - a general rule says that each employee in the company should have only a minimal access to resources (information, systems etc.) which are essential to complete her work, but access to information not related to her work should be limited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone has decided that testers have not needed the access to the source code to complete their work. It was long ago, at a time when we were using a waterfall model, and QA team was separated from development. But now we are transitioning to Agile, testers and devs are now combined into one scrum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have discussed this topic with a few developers that have worked for other companies in their careers, and they have told me that this is a &quot;strange&quot; rule, and testers have the access to the codebase elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am going to convince management to relax this rule and give testers at least the read-only access to the source code, and I am looking for arguments for this change - and also if there are any potential disadvantages or threats?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some arguments for I can imagine:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tester can do code reviews and find some bugs directly in the code &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tester looking at the code learns the architecture of the product, this helps her to design better test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tester can write unit tests and integration tests instead of developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insight into the code can help tester to better diagnose a bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tester looking at the code can propose some changes that make UI automation easier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tester can support developers and make same small and easy changes, letting developers to stay focused on more complex things&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what else ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5977" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-11-19T18:10:47.130" LastActivityDate="2018-02-13T07:35:33.600" Title="Should testers have access to view developers code? What are pros and cons of this?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;version-control&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23751" CreationDate="2016-11-19T16:54:16.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my personal opinions, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pro&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;White box testing is made possible by giving testers access to source code, and comprehensive testing techniques such as MC/DC testing, condition decision testing can be applied.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Questions you may need to consider&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is every tester working with you able to read source code? If they are able to read source code, do they want to? If you happen to be one of the few testers who are willing to take up extra responsibility, having access to source code will not have a profound impact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Can all testers do code review properly?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code review takes a long time to pay off its dividend, does your management expect short term gains? Does your management understand technical details? Does your management want to wait to see long term gains?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your management will be looking at major gains after they grant source code access to you, the risk they are taking is confidentiality. If there are no major gains after a while, your management may need to answer to their management regarding whether granting source code access is a correct decision? You and your management will risk losing trust if this happens. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I have discussed this topic with a few developers that have worked for other companies in their careers, and they have told me that this is a &quot;strange&quot; rule, and testers have the access to the codebase elsewhere.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Please keep in mind this is their opinion during a perhaps rather casual conversation, the companies they have worked for may not have as much confidentiality as your current company. I do not think this should be a valid factor you should take into consideration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your approach is to improve overall quality of your software and you actively seek new ways to do it. This is exactly what QAs are for, well done!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Without having access to source code, there are still a lot ways QAs can execute test with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More than you expect, most companies are more likely to limit source code access to a need-to-know basis only. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T16:54:16.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23751" CreationDate="2016-11-19T18:34:02.720" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ofcourse testers should have access to the code that is being made by the developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an Agile development testing should be an parallel activity. If you have dedicated testers they should be able to add automated tests during development and or do exploratory testing on builds they build them selfs from the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To quote &lt;a href=&quot;http://less.works/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Less framework&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Separating testing from development often leads to a conflict between&#xA;  programmers and testers. Testers–hunting for bugs–try to prove that&#xA;  part of the program is faulty. Programmers–with their ego in their&#xA;  code–defend themselves, their code, and the program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In a Scrum team, ‘testers’ are no longer testers but ‘simply’ members&#xA;  of the team–with testing as their primary specialization .&#xA;  ‘Programmers’ are any members of the team who can code. Every member&#xA;  of the team has a shared goal and is held–as a team–accountable to&#xA;  that goal. Team members with different primary specializations have to&#xA;  cooperate in order to reach that goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Read more &lt;a href=&quot;http://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html#Testersandprogrammersworktogether&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can program you need access to the code in an Agile team, no discussion. You only have cons in not doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even security is a half-baked pro to denying access. What makes the difference between a tester and a developer security-wise? If they sit in the same room, they can steal the same stuff, with or without direct access. It is so easy to get access into someone's account and steal their code if you really want to. For example with an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.keelog.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;USB-keylogger&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also expect tester todo pair-programming and pair-testing on the development machines every now and then. What if the programmer goes to the toilet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But to add some bullets to your (already pretty complete) list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers can create their own builds and explore&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers can be self-organising cross-functional team-members!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just make sure you do not accept &quot;That’s how we’ve always done it here&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uf7ci.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uf7ci.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-11-19T22:54:29.153" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T22:54:29.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23754" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23756" CreationDate="2016-11-19T20:52:58.340" Score="3" ViewCount="208" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some sample (ideally open source applications) that I could use to start practicing API testing. I am mainly interested in applications developed with .NET.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas or suggestions would be very much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22524" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:46:50.037" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:46:50.037" Title="Sample applications for practicing API Testing" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-11-21T16:44:18.733" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23751" CreationDate="2016-11-19T22:31:24.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testers having access to the source code and testers doing code reviews are completely separate things. More often than not testers are not that technically competent and also from my experience not even all developers can do code reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having read access to the application source code is useful for testing, if you are able to read and understand code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you did not mention what type of testing you are doing, is it functional black box? &#xA;If that is the case you would benefit more if you liaise with the developers and ask them to tell you a few more details about the features/functionality they implemented and about how they designed things to work. &#xA;That can be just a high level and not necessarily a technical discussion. If you start with that you will be able to read their code and understand the way the think without actually looking in the source code they wrote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22524" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T22:31:24.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23754" CreationDate="2016-11-19T23:40:32.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here you have &lt;strong&gt;Web API Samples&lt;/strong&gt; from ASP.NET that you can learn on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.asp.net/aspnet/samples/aspnet-web-api&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ASP.NET Web API Samples&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following code samples, which use the &lt;strong&gt;Google APIs Client Library for .NET&lt;/strong&gt;, are available for the YouTube Data API.&#xA;For example the first code sample below calls the API's playlistItems.list method to retrieve a list of videos uploaded to the channel associated with the request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/youtube/v3/code_samples/dotnet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;.NET Code Samples - YouTube Data API&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe this would be helpful too while learning:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dojo.ministryoftesting.com/series/let-s-build-an-api-checking-framework-mark-winteringham&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Let's Build an API Checking Framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2016-11-19T23:40:32.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23757" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23758" CreationDate="2016-11-20T00:13:02.460" Score="2" ViewCount="2464" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning about testing and having some doubts regarding test cases. For example, I was trying to create a test suite, a set of test cases for a calculator program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The program is basically like below, are presented a set of operations and then we can choose an operation to sum two values or subtract or whatever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Enter + for Sum&#xA;Enter - for Subtraction&#xA;Enter * for Multiplication&#xA;and so on..&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I was trying to write a test case for this program. What I read about test cases is that we have all the input options the program have and then the outputs, so it should be something like below?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Inputs                                   Outcome&#xA; 10 + 10                                  20&#xA; 20-10                                    10&#xA;30-50                                     -20&#xA;50*50                                    2500&#xA;50 * -1                                  -50&#xA;40/4                                      10&#xA;40/0                                      program stops&#xA;100 Mod 50                                0&#xA;200 Mod 30                                20&#xA;5!                                        120&#xA;-5!                                       only positives&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know if this is the correct way to write test cases? There are other options in test suites, but in this case, I'm just interested in the input and output parts but I don't know if it is like this that we write test cases in terms of input and output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22521" LastEditorUserId="22534" LastEditDate="2016-11-22T11:07:42.967" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T11:07:42.967" Title="write test cases in terms of input and output" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23757" CreationDate="2016-11-20T00:34:10.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have made a good start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are only interested in inputs and outputs, then you need to consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Positive test cases&lt;/strong&gt;, where you test scenarios that have valid inputs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can use inputs that are well within the specifications of this calculator, and perform operations that are well defined within the specifications. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Negative test cases&lt;/strong&gt;, where you test scenarios that have invalid inputs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use inputs outside of specifications and introduce unexpected errors such as @$%^ as input or operators. The number of negative test cases is infinite; when you want to stop negative testing is up to the project timeline and resources.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With negative test cases, you may need to verify if this calculator can handle invalid input or operators graceful, that is it does not crash.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-20T00:34:10.193" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23757" CreationDate="2016-11-20T00:41:39.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, the Test Cases are always in the format Input(action) - Output(expected result).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still your Test Cases need to have a subject title, then they need to consist of a number of steps and for each step you have input - output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example your first test case could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Case Name: Add 2 Numbers&#xA;Step1: Type number 10      The number shows on the calculator's screen&#xA;Step2: Press the + symbol  The symbol shows on the calculator's screen&#xA;Step3: Type number 10      The number shows on the calculator's screen&#xA;Step4: Press the = symbol  The number 20 shows on the calculator's screen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point I am trying to make above is that each step of your test case should have a textual description for both the input and the output. Try to keep these descriptions brief and not too verbose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, try to keep each action on the calculator as a separate test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22524" LastActivityDate="2016-11-20T00:41:39.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23750" CreationDate="2016-11-20T01:42:18.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium will perform differently in different environment as many folks have found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look into two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;increasing the application-wide timeout setting that is used by explicit waits (i.e. waits for specific elements or events and NOT sleeps) within selenium such as find, find_by, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;e.g. &lt;code&gt;default_max_wait_timeout = 30&lt;/code&gt; in capybara.rb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add your own code to explicitly wait for events such as page finished loading, animations finished, no ajax calls in progress, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd avoid the window reisze option as that may start to contribute to more Net::ReadTimeout's error that plague us (if you're doing ruby that is, I think you are from the code)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing purposes you can add fixed sleeps but only while testing the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting a login to the integration server so you can diectly run tests there is essential.  We can do this with CircleCI, not sure about your setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example implementation from is &lt;a href=&quot;https://robots.thoughtbot.com/automatically-wait-for-ajax-with-capybara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# spec/support/wait_for_ajax.rb&#xA;module WaitForAjax&#xA;  def wait_for_ajax&#xA;    Timeout.timeout(Capybara.default_max_wait_time) do&#xA;      loop until finished_all_ajax_requests?&#xA;    end&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def finished_all_ajax_requests?&#xA;    page.evaluate_script('jQuery.active').zero?&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;RSpec.configure do |config|&#xA;  config.include WaitForAjax, type: :feature&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was about ajax, however be aware that failures frequently happen in different environments and then for different devices and browsers.  Timing and synchronization issues around page load, js/css load, rendering, animations and ajx can all lead to both failures in some environments and also intermittents in some environments also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T10:00:16.713" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T10:00:16.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2016-11-20T16:07:55.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Update:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My answer today (months later) is to first question why?  To what end?  Yes I see that someone said your notes were hard to read.  But trying to document the 'discovery process' would not seem to be to be an easy to do or understand task.  I'm not sure of &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; would give the benefit to the other reader that you desire.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I would focus on displaying the &lt;em&gt;final&lt;/em&gt; results in the tabular and chart form you describe using more concrete measures such as ones I list below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Previous:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When considering performance I do not consider it a uncharted discovery journey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think key factors to guide performance testing should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What the response time standards are for the application ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the requirements for wireless performance?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How does performance relate to key metrics, such as profit and enrollment?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visualization can be be Jira tickets, Charts, presentations, performance tests locally and in CI/CD/Staging environments that are configured to accurately represent production machines and usage loads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One option to consider is AB testing to learn how performance levels affect users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T19:46:56.853" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T19:46:56.853" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23644" CreationDate="2016-11-21T01:03:27.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One example I could think of would be for application performance testing.  If you are closely monitoring memory/CPU utilization, then any additional programs you have running that would not be typically running on your end users' systems (such as an automated test product) would adversely impact your test results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you have a situation where you have a lot of specialized software on your end users' systems, it is possible that installing specific versions of .NET, Java, or other required frameworks for your automated test tools could cause interoperability issues with your other software.  Hence you could put a test system in a state where it is not functioning properly when in actuality, your end users' systems will not have any issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T01:03:27.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23763" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-11-21T01:11:00.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;RFT - Rational Functional Tester.  This is a product from IBM - Rational Software brand - for creating automated functional tests, primarily geared for automated regression testing.  It can support a variety of systems-under-test, such as web, .NET, Java, Siebel, PowerBuilder, etc.  The main website for the product is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-03.ibm.com/software/products/en/functional&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www-03.ibm.com/software/products/en/functional&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T02:44:29.200" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T02:44:29.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23764" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-11-21T01:11:00.927" Score="0" Body="RFT - Rational Functional Tester - automated functional testing tool from IBM - Rational Software brand." OwnerUserId="5784" LastEditorUserId="5784" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T02:44:32.423" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T02:44:32.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23767" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-21T06:28:18.867" Score="0" ViewCount="10613" Body="&lt;p&gt;How To Locate Elements using selenium web driver when only Unique value is 'index'? &lt;code&gt;Resource-id&lt;/code&gt;,&lt;code&gt;Class&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Package&lt;/code&gt;  are not unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below Layout taken from Android UI Automator&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RmyLT.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RmyLT.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Resource-id = android:id/menuitem&#xA;&#xA;Class =       android.widget.RelativeLayout&#xA;&#xA;Package =     android&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T09:27:14.213" LastActivityDate="2019-07-02T11:30:55.967" Title="How To Locate Element using selenium web driver when Unique property is 'index'?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23768" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-21T08:39:11.317" Score="0" ViewCount="5132" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example: &#xA;To find a link with text &quot;click me&quot; the Xpath is &lt;code&gt;//a[text()='click me'&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should be the equivalent in cssSelector which will be used to identify the same element in firebug and firepath?&#xA; &lt;code&gt;a[text='click me']&lt;/code&gt; is unable to find the same element.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22536" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T12:49:22.613" LastActivityDate="2017-05-20T15:50:31.323" Title="How to use text matching expression in cssSelector to find an element using Selenium WebDriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23769" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23780" CreationDate="2016-11-21T08:52:57.897" Score="0" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written below code to make test script wait till some of my elements get loaded.&#xA;But what if, that element will never get loaded? That means if &lt;code&gt;TopWorkOrderCard.Displayed&lt;/code&gt; will never get displayed, then my loop will be a never ending loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to handle situations like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sample code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void WaitforWOlist(int WaitTime)&#xA;        {&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                    if (TopWorkOrderCard.Displayed == true)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        //do nothing&#xA;                    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception)&#xA;            {&#xA;                Thread.Sleep(WaitTime);&#xA;&#xA;                WaitforWOlist(2000);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-11-22T10:10:24.553" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T10:10:24.553" Title="Never ending loop on element availability / visibility" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;.net&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23770" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23809" CreationDate="2016-11-21T09:20:58.020" Score="0" ViewCount="1331" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please see a simplified code below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class testClass   &#xA;{&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void Checking()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://xyz.com&quot;);&#xA;        try &#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Hello&quot;, &quot;Not Hello&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch(Exception e)&#xA;        {&#xA;           System.out.println(&quot;Fail&quot; + e.getMessage());&#xA;        }&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;just to check&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While debugging the code, once the Assertion fails in try block it ask for 'Source' to attach for testNG. see the screenshot below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XxGzy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XxGzy.png&quot; alt=&quot;Attach the source&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and then I added the source with the help of an eclipse plugin. Now when I start debugging and if the Assertion in try block fails then controll passed to the attached source (invoker.class) and does not return to the catch block ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest what shall I do in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17762" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:57:08.240" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:57:08.240" Title="WebDriver+TestNG+Eclipse, Failing of Assertion in Try block doesn't pass the debugger to catch block" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-21T09:23:28.993" Score="1" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have around 8 projects and 8 testers in our organisation. The testers are usually aligned to the Development manager and report to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no proper process by which the testing can be stream lined. What happens is the developer managers forces the tester to test according to the developers schedule and the manager comes to defend them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can a process be set up in a small organisation which ensures good utilization of testers and also helps testers to learn new technology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:34:09.240" Title="Setting a QA practice in an organisation" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;testing-practice&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-11-23T20:03:17.703" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23772" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23785" CreationDate="2016-11-21T09:24:48.827" Score="0" ViewCount="1802" Body="&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;Load Runner&lt;/code&gt; help center is said about &lt;a href=&quot;http://lrhelp.saas.hpe.com/en/latest/help/WebHelp/Content/VuGen/120550_c_rts_multithreading.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Running a Vuser as a Process or Thread&quot;&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if you run each Vuser as a thread, the Controller&#xA;  launches only one instance of the driver program (such as mdrv.exe),&#xA;  for every 50 Vusers (by default).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to change quantity of Vusers that run per one instance of the driver program?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T14:24:33.560" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T13:28:21.843" Title="Where to set number of Vusers (threads) running per process in Load Runner Controller?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23767" CreationDate="2016-11-21T09:30:29.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use selenium to find an array of elements that share common characteristics such as class names and etc, then indexing through this array to locate the element you want. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elementArray = webdriver.findelements(xpath / css selector);&#xA;theElement = elementArray[1];&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T09:30:29.893" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23774" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23776" CreationDate="2016-11-21T10:06:51.473" Score="1" ViewCount="1942" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hevE2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hevE2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to configure Selenium WebDriver with Eclipse IDE. While running my code I am getting &lt;code&gt;java exception has occurred&lt;/code&gt; error. How to fix this?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    static WebDriver driver1=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    String user=&quot;rutvisoni&quot;; &#xA;    String pass=&quot;12Abcd&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public void setup() throws IOException&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver1.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver1.get(&quot;http://example.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        //File inputFile = new ClassPathResource(&quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;).getFile();&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException&#xA;    {&#xA;        Test t1=new Test();&#xA;        t1.setup();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="21247" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T10:15:47.333" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T10:52:03.593" Title="Problem with Selenium configuration in Eclipse" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23774" CreationDate="2016-11-21T10:52:03.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are initializing chrome in a wrong way. In your code you have maximized browser and called the URL, before even setting up the chrome profile. You can give a try to below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;            ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;            options.addArguments(&quot;--start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;            driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;            driver1.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;            driver1.get(&quot;http://example.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And please remove the code line mentioned below from your code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static WebDriver driver1=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you still face same exception, please share the exception details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T10:52:03.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17927" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:26:53.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use this IEEE 829-1998 Test Case Specification &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ufjf.br/eduardo_barrere/files/2011/06/SQETestCaseSpecificationTemplate.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Template&lt;/a&gt; as a guideline to create the test case. Anyway, in designing test cases from specification based view, there are a few techniques you could apply such as Boundary Value Analysis, Equivalent Partitioning, to minimize the number of test cases created but still covers important areas. You could see the explanation of Boundary Value Analysis and Equivalent Partitioning on this &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-equivalence-partitioning-in-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22534" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2016-11-21T12:30:11.643" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T12:30:11.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23771" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:34:09.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This looks almost like mission impossible in your case, cooperation is the foundation to any change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there is a small light at the end of this dark tunnel (hopefully not a train coming)- try to arrange demos, small presentations or even corridor chats and explain to those in charge why it is important to have proper practices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that managers usually react well to cost-benefit numbers, so try and show them that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more complicated than what looks in first sight- you can start in the traditional way of showing the number of reopened bugs or bugs found in the field, talk about wasted time in context switching and lack of focus, show poor automation code since no one is responsible for it but at the end you will be asked how do you suggest to improve this and back it up with numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Justifying dedicated testers as cost effective might not always be simple, personally I found myself not able to justify it even to myself and even obvious things like test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TLDR; spread the word among those who have the power to decide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:34:09.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23769" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:35:08.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public void WaitforWOlist(int WaitTime, int counter)&#xA;   {&#xA;    if (counter &amp;gt; 20)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return;&#xA;    }&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (TopWorkOrderCard.Displayed == true)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //do nothing&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(WaitTime);&#xA;        WaitforWOlist(2000, counter + 1);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:35:08.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23781" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:45:54.887" Score="4" ViewCount="13165" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a website that automatically logs the user out if they have been idle for an hour, saying &lt;code&gt;Session has timed out for security purposes&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can this kind of test be automated? If automated through UI automation tools like Selenium, would you write a script to wait for an hour to validate the session timed-out message? But this would make the execution time at least one hour, which is too long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just wanted to know the best way to automate this scenario or if it should be added under &lt;code&gt;No plans to automate&lt;/code&gt; tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5218" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:07:49.953" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:07:49.953" Title="How to test session timeout for website?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23768" CreationDate="2016-11-21T11:50:56.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In CSS and Xpath elements can be find using their attributes like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; CSS : tagname[attribute='text']&#xA; CSS : tagname[innerText=’text’] or tagname[textContent=’text’]&#xA; Xpath: tagname[@attribute='value']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For any other browser(except FireFox) you can use &lt;code&gt;tagname[innerText=’text’] i.e a[innerText='linkname']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Firefox you can use &lt;code&gt;tagname[textContent=’text’] i.e, a[textContent='linkname']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T11:50:56.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23772" CreationDate="2016-11-21T13:02:23.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To change maximum number of threads running per process you need to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to LoadRunner installation folder &lt;code&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\HP\LoadRunner\dat\protocols&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find &lt;code&gt;.lrp&lt;/code&gt; file that is corresponding to the protocol you use to create VuGen Script. In my case it was &lt;code&gt;Java_protocols.lrp&lt;/code&gt; file for the protocol &lt;code&gt;Java Record Replay&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit it: paste &lt;code&gt;MaxThreadPerProcess=10&lt;/code&gt; after &lt;code&gt;[Vugen]&lt;/code&gt;. Or edit this variable if it already exists.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;HP LoadRunner Controller&lt;/code&gt; should be restarted so that changes could take effect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to find the best ratio Vusers(Threads)/Process to use resources of your test machine the best way. From my experiments I've found that one &lt;code&gt;mdrv.exe&lt;/code&gt; process can efficiently work with usage not more than 600-700MB of RAM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;N.B.: VuGen script should be set to run Vuser as a thread.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T13:28:21.843" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T13:28:21.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23787" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-21T14:04:10.563" Score="1" ViewCount="1990" Body="&lt;p&gt;Robot class does not work when the selenium suite is executed via a Jenkins job. The same suite however works successfully when executed on local machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need answers for following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there any Jenkins plugin or config changes required for Robot class to work on Jenkins ( basically am I missing anything? )&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there any approach that can be leveraged for handling &quot;File Upload&quot; dialog that will run successfully when executed via Jenkins job ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As far as I have searched Robot Class, AutoIt and Sikuli are the 3 approaches for handling Window's dialog popup but which of these is compatible with Jenkins as well ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22540" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T08:30:47.050" Title="java.awt.Robot does not work for handling &quot;File Upload&quot; dialog window when executed via Jenkins job" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20524" CreationDate="2016-11-21T23:33:34.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a slighlty different error message when starting adb on Android SDK&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adb server version (32) doesn't match this client (36); killing...&#xA;error: could not install *smartsocket* listener: Address already in use&#xA;ADB server didn't ACK&#xA;* failed to start daemon *&#xA;error: cannot connect to daemon&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you somehow have SyncMate application installed on Mac OS X, SyncMate has and use their own adb to connect to Android devices using TCP/IP port 5037. Therefore, SyncMate adb causes port conflict with Android SDK adb default listen port. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Removing SyncMate application or change Android SDK adb port to other port than 5037 will solve this issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22548" LastActivityDate="2016-11-21T23:33:34.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="817" CreationDate="2016-11-22T02:38:13.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@modal = @browser.driver.switch_to.alert   #Switch to open windows modal&#xA;key_to_send = &quot;C:\\Users\\singhku\\Calabash_doc.pdf&quot;  #Path and name of file&#xA;@modal.send_keys(key_to_send)&#xA;&#xA;require 'win32ole'&#xA;wsh = WIN32OLE.new('Wscript.Shell')&#xA;wsh.AppActivate('Choose File to Upload')  #Name of the modal that is open&#xA;wsh.SendKeys('{ENTER}')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22551" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T00:45:24.950" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T00:45:24.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23781" CreationDate="2016-11-22T04:08:56.633" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whether this timeout session testing should be automated is up to you and other stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it worth doing an automated test case to test timeout? E.g. does it provide any gain in doing it? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This scenario is easily accomplished by manual testing and the code in the back end is not very complicated (I would hope). So it makes sense to manual test it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you decide to automate it, waiting for one hour will not be an issue as a computer is doing the work; and you can configure this test to be executed out of office hours to save time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T04:08:56.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23793" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-22T05:01:22.780" Score="2" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;We Developed a Application, where we can track the Analytics of the Users.&#xA;Like Installs, Uninstalls, Sessions, Events, Sending Notifications, Large scale of Information where we can Track down the Usage of the Different vendor apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But recently we are facing an issue with our SDK, Where we are slowing down the apps performance. Getting Negative feedback with the Clients. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So need a Open Source tool for testing the SDK issue. Where we are lagging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need your help. So share your ideas? How I can approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17742" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T02:15:34.957" Title="Analytics Platform(AP) + Performance Testing + Need a Open Source tool to Test AP" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23794" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23795" CreationDate="2016-11-22T05:13:44.153" Score="1" ViewCount="286" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a agile testing project. I am new in testing field, please help me if somebody knows the answer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are test cases needed in agile testing or do we directly write automation scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If our team did development and push it to testing, what should be my first approach? Should I directly write automation scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't like to do monkey testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to clarify my doubts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-11-23T12:19:37.063" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T08:57:01.727" Title="The right way to start test automation in agile project" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23794" CreationDate="2016-11-22T06:21:49.440" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My thoughts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Are test cases needed in agile testing or do we directly write automation scripts?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would strongly recommend you write test cases first and then do a feasibility study of which tests should be automated after discussion with stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If our team did development and push it to testing, what should be my first approach? Should I directly write automation scripts?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the initial builds, you should first do a round of smoke testing and then look at which scenarios/tests need to be automated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T06:21:49.440" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2320" CreationDate="2016-11-22T09:22:31.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like how &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/unclebobmartin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UncleBob&lt;/a&gt; brings it, he names them &lt;em&gt;test doubles&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a formal name for these test objects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Yes, they are called &quot;Test Doubles&quot;[1].&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand the different &lt;em&gt;test doubles&lt;/em&gt; I suggest you read: &lt;a href=&quot;https://8thlight.com/blog/uncle-bob/2014/05/14/TheLittleMocker.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The following is a conversation around mocking.&lt;/a&gt; (After reading this I thought now i think i understand it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He then comes up with five types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dummies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stubs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mocks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fakes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But instead quoting definitions here, read the &lt;a href=&quot;https://8thlight.com/blog/uncle-bob/2014/05/14/TheLittleMocker.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt;, its worth your time :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T09:22:31.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23770" CreationDate="2016-11-22T09:24:53.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assertion :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assert is implemented to verify expected and actual result.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If Assert failed, It will terminate the script and it will not execute further code/test or any other block&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try &amp;amp; Catch blocks :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try and Catch blocks are used mainly to take action if errors &amp;amp; exception which might occur during execution&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Just provision to handle those error and exceptions in scripts/codes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Back to your Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In your case, assert failed. Now it will terminate program to be executed further&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;So its not going to execute catch block at assert is neither error nor exception&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T09:24:53.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23799" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-22T09:41:56.617" Score="1" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ran two performance tests using IBM rational performance tester(RPT) on my application. My application is a j2ee application running on a weblogic server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First RPT schedule (baseline test):&lt;/strong&gt;  1 User (set to until finished) with 10 iterations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second schedule:&lt;/strong&gt; 50 Users for 6 hrs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ran this on production application on the weekends when there is very less real users load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue:&lt;/strong&gt; The RPT report for baseline test shows lot of &lt;strong&gt;spikes&lt;/strong&gt; in various report graphs and result seems to have abnormal behaviour. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My recorded test script also includes a login page which virtual user use to logged in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While checking the log analysis of a monitoring tool (my company specific one), it was found that there was near about 8 or 10 minutes’ gap between login requests of virtual user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;timeout&lt;/em&gt; value in &lt;em&gt;Http Options&lt;/em&gt; tab in &lt;em&gt;test elements details&lt;/em&gt; of a recorded test window is set to 240000 milliseconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The RPT graph results for this single user appear abnormal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have attached pics of RPT reports graphs for baseline schedule.(pics started with ‘&lt;em&gt;baseline_&lt;/em&gt;’ prefix).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While in the report graphs of &lt;strong&gt;50 users&lt;/strong&gt; test schedule (ran for 6 hours) it was found that there were no strange spikes and results appear to have normal behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have attached pics of RPT reports graphs for 50 users(for 6 hrs) schedule.(pics started with &lt;em&gt;’50 users 6 hrs_&lt;/em&gt;’ prefix).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI: Both schedules ran on productions system when real user load is similar in both cases and is very less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I even ran 100 users for 2 hrs later. They also ran fine and RPT report graphs appeared giving normal results/behavior. Even I ran 250 users. They also ran fine giving normal behavior of application in RPT result reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can anybody tell me why the running only one user( with 10 iteration loop) giving strange results while running 50 users(for 6 hrs) gave normal results?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Baseline schedule run RPT reports:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LGVUZ.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LGVUZ.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2ApmN.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2ApmN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q6roA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q6roA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2z886.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2z886.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KnbUf.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KnbUf.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qkwq8.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qkwq8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8YsZX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8YsZX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M2l9k.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M2l9k.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PAg2h.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PAg2h.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;50 User schedule run RPT reports:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EtKMn.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EtKMn.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9h827.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9h827.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O0QOW.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O0QOW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lpxvH.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lpxvH.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ers0X.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ers0X.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e2b04.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e2b04.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KgrMK.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KgrMK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8acXV.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8acXV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/04MWB.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/04MWB.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="7614" LastEditDate="2016-11-22T10:14:14.067" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T10:14:14.067" Title="Why running 1 user load test giving strange results while 50 users are running with normal results" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;&lt;rpt&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-06-22T01:36:23.273" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9007" CreationDate="2016-11-22T10:40:19.347" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not saying this is the solution but I want to share my experience after investigating a day on this. The problem with our site was actually because of the time it took for a third party to load a page source when using Google tagging (GTM).This can be overlooked by adding a chrome extension like Ghostery and block all the tags. Or better you can ask your developers to turn off tagging on pre-prod. With the former approach you can load the chrome profile with Ghostery as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilitiesChrome = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();&#xA;        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;--always-authorize-plugins&quot;);&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;load-extension=C:/Users/hemanand.rajamani/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data/Default/Extensions/mlomiejdfkolichcflejclcbmpeaniij/7.1.0.49_0&quot;);&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;user-data-dir=C:/Users/hemanand.rajamani/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data/Default&quot;);&#xA;        capabilitiesChrome.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY,options);&#xA;        try {&#xA;            desiredBrowser = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(&quot;http://&quot; + hubHost + &quot;:&quot; + hubPort + &quot;/wd/hub&quot;),&#xA;                    capabilitiesChrome);&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {&#xA;            // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps someone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22559" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T10:40:19.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23801" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23804" CreationDate="2016-11-22T12:17:46.513" Score="1" ViewCount="1080" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have Jenkins job that take 30-45 minutes to run all the tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test results shows only tests information when the job has completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have written TestNG listeners to display in logs which test is currently being executed, but it's not really helpful when there are lots of log entries coming and also when there are parallel tests run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a Jenkins plugin that for a given job shows which tests are currently running?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-11-23T05:06:22.333" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T05:06:22.333" Title="Jenkins: which tests are running?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23802" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23811" CreationDate="2016-11-22T12:25:29.700" Score="2" ViewCount="3678" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a program that works as below for addition, and it's the same for all operations. It starts showing this menu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Enter + for add&#xA;Enter - for subtract&#xA;Enter * for multiplicaiton&#xA;Enter ! for factorial&#xA;&#xA;Enter the operation you want:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we can type an operation and click enter. For example if we type &quot;+&quot; we get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Enter the number of elements to add:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And we can choose any number, for example 2, to sum two elements. And the program asks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Please enter 2 numbers, one at a time:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can type 5 and then click enter and then 5 again&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   5 &#xA;   5 &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And after click enter we get the result &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   10&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to make a test suite for this program and I have some questions. For example I'm trying to do just for now a test suite for the addition operation described above, but I have some questions on how to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;strong&gt;a first way&lt;/strong&gt;, including all the steps until we get the result of sum &quot;10&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Input                                  Output&#xA;&#xA; +                                    &quot;Enter the number of elements to add:&quot;&#xA;&#xA; 2                                    &quot;Enter 2 numbers one a at a time&quot;&#xA;&#xA; 5                                     5&#xA;&#xA; 5                                     &quot;Sum is = 10&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or &lt;strong&gt;another way&lt;/strong&gt;, considering just the addition part, not considering the menu part:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Input                                   Output&#xA;&#xA;   5                                       5&#xA;   5                                       10&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, if it's not necessary to have in consideration the sequence of steps and we just consider the sum operation, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Input                     Output&#xA;&#xA;  5 + 5                      10&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a good way to create the test suite for this addition operation above? Taking in consideration that the inputs and outputs can then be used in an &lt;strong&gt;automated&lt;/strong&gt; way to check if each test case has passed or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22521" LastEditorDisplayName="user11893" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T06:33:41.990" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T06:33:41.990" Title="Write a test case for addition operation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23801" CreationDate="2016-11-22T12:31:58.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems for JUnit, Spock and TestNG there is a plugin, for other test runners you could try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have done in the past is to let each test create an entry in a database with some fields (id, testname, starttime, endtime, status) in its own test-run-id table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start test-suite: create test-run-id table&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the test &lt;code&gt;setup() / initialize()&lt;/code&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create the test db record&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set status to RUNNING&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the &lt;code&gt;cleanUp() / tearDown()&lt;/code&gt;:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set endtime&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;update status to PASS or FAIL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can query the db to only see which tests are running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-11-22T12:51:09.977" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T12:51:09.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23801" CreationDate="2016-11-22T12:46:34.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Test+In+Progress+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;I found Test In Progression Plugin&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;While executing our tests on Jenkins most of us may have faced the&#xA;  need of knowing which test is getting executed or if a test has failed&#xA;  then whats the exception. As of now many of us completely depends on&#xA;  the execution console for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This plugin solves the said issue and present the user with a user&#xA;  friendly UI to look at the progress and failures if any. This plugin&#xA;  allows you to see how your unit tests progress during a build. It&#xA;  shows you the details of running, skipped and failed&#xA;  test-methods/test-classes of your test-suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It supports sequential execution for Junit and Spock based Unit test&#xA;  framework and support parallel execution for TestNg.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Currently supported unit test frameworks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Junit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Spock&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;TestNg&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-11-22T12:49:05.333" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T12:49:05.333" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23535" CreationDate="2016-11-22T13:33:36.777" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for an &lt;a href=&quot;https://testingbot.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online Selenium Grid&lt;/a&gt; provider, where we automatically pick the correct configurations for all tests that our customers run.&#xA;There's quite a few things you need to consider when running different versions of browsers/Selenium/Selenium driver versions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use IEDriver 2.42 for IE7 and IE6.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the x64 IEDriver if you want to take screenshots (&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=5876&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Screenshots truncated issue&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the x32 IEDriver for your tests (&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=5116&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Slow text-entry issue&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chrome:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome 63-65 works with chromedriver 2.36&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome 62-64 works with chromedriver 2.35&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome 61-63 works with chromedriver 2.34&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome 60-62 works with chromedriver 2.33&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome &gt; 57, use chromedriver 2.28&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome &gt; 54, use chromedriver 2.25&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome = 53, use chromedriver 2.24&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome &gt; 49, use chromedriver 2.22&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome &gt; 43, use chromedriver 2.20&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome &gt; 41, use chromedriver 2.15&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;older versions, use chromedriver 2.10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firefox:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox 38 and lower, use Selenium 2.46.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox &amp;lt; 47, use Selenium 2.53.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox &gt;= 47, use Selenium 3.0.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Safari:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Selenium 2.48.0 for Safari 7, 8, 9&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use safaridriver by Apple for Safari 10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1719" LastEditorUserId="31887" LastEditDate="2018-04-03T06:48:12.273" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T06:48:12.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23807" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-22T13:47:51.860" Score="1" ViewCount="3662" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I navigate to a page in my website, 63 number of requests will hit server. Some of them will be sent concurrently and others will be sent one after the other(After receiving response from earlier request).If I record this scenario in Jmeter, club all the 63 requests in 1 Transaction Controller(because from user's point of view these all requests comprise of single action - Navigate to the page) and run the script the Aggregate report shows total response time for Transaction controller also.How Jmeter calculates this total time? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 1: Jmeter executes requests in series only(except for &quot;Embedded resources&quot; which can be run concurrently using concurrent thread pool) and it is SUM of response times of 63 individual requests?&#xA;In this case the total time would be more than the actual time it takes to navigate to the page because some of the requests run in parallel in real time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 2: Will Jmeter execute the few requests in parallel as a browser does? Thus total Transaction time is the duration from initial request to the final 63rd response? I believe this case gives realistic results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my execution reports show that Jmeter follows 1st case. Please do let me know if I am wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16007" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T23:23:04.540" Title="How Jmeter's Aggregate report calculates total time of &quot;Transaction Controller&quot;?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23770" CreationDate="2016-11-22T14:07:49.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try below structure in your &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; part:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    assertEquals(&quot;Leave a Reply &quot;, driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;reply-title&quot;)).getText());&#xA;} catch (Error e) {&#xA;    verificationErrors.append(e.toString());&#xA;}&#xA;Thread.sleep(6000); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:56:55.330" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:56:55.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23770" CreationDate="2016-11-22T14:28:07.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case if you really want to catch your assertion failures, you can try and use following:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;catch (AssertionError e) {&#xA;      //Your code to execute when an assertion fails.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For detail explanation you can refer the following answer:&#xA;&lt;br/&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/29672257/3406534&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/29672257/3406534&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22540" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T14:36:23.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23807" CreationDate="2016-11-22T15:28:34.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each JMeter thread (virtual user) executes requests upside down (or according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#logic_controllers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Logic Controllers&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you use &quot;Retrieve All Embedded Resources from HTML Files&quot; and &quot;Parallel Downloads&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Vh7r.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Vh7r.png&quot; alt=&quot;Retrieve embedded resources&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the time required to fetch all images, scripts, styles, etc. will be added to the parent HTTP Request sampler response time, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1 request for main content&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;6 parallel requests to embedded resources (until all are downloaded)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For Transaction Controller there are 2 options (depending on how it is configured)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If &lt;code&gt;Generate parent sample&lt;/code&gt; box is &lt;strong&gt;not checked&lt;/strong&gt; - it reports time for each of 63 individual requests &lt;strong&gt;plus&lt;/strong&gt; total time for all of them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If &lt;code&gt;Generate parent sample&lt;/code&gt; box is &lt;strong&gt;checked&lt;/strong&gt; it reports &lt;strong&gt;only total time&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. sum of response times for all the 63 requests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Glossary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elapsed time.&lt;/strong&gt; JMeter measures the elapsed time from just before sending the request to just after the last response has been received. JMeter does not include the time needed to render the response, nor does JMeter process any client code, for example Javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeters-transaction-controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using JMeter's Transaction Controller&lt;/a&gt; article for detailed information on the Transaction Controller configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T15:28:34.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23802" CreationDate="2016-11-22T20:14:02.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a feeling this is your homework assignment. Emmmmmm...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like your application is command line based; if you only want to test the addition function, there are a few options you can consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ask yourself what you will expect from &quot;addition&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The simplest will be addition of positive integers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of positive integers and zero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of negative integers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of positive integers and negative integers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of negative integer and zero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of multiple positive integers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of multiple negative integers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of multiple positive and negative integers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Addition of very large integers, you will fix up positive integers, negative integers and zero&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Redo all tests described above with float point numbers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Redo all tests described above with mixed integer and float point numbers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Redo all tests described above with large float point numbers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use your expectation to come up with more tests...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use a number generator routine to automate your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-22T20:14:02.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23815" CreationDate="2016-11-22T21:58:54.173" Score="0" ViewCount="8898" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a request that is being sent as a POST method, when the request comes back I need to extract the order_id and run the next transaction using the extracted order_id. My implementation is currently just returning a value of &quot;0&quot; when it should be the 15 character order_id. How do I extract the string from Jmeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response in the body:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;response_code=2 response_code_text=Missing required request field:&#xA;  Order ID. time_stamp=1479849486545 retry_recommended=false&#xA;  secondary_response_code=0 order_id=356005935614233&#xA;  capture_reference_id=1 iso_code= bank_approval_code=&#xA;  bank_transaction_id= batch_id= avs_code=&#xA;  credit_card_verification_response= reference_id=1 bin=&#xA;  retrieval_reference_number= payer_identifier= system_trace_number=&#xA;  captured_amount=0.00 emv_data= bank_response_code=&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wt23J.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wt23J.png&quot; alt=&quot;My Implementation&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:33:10.027" Title="Extracting specific text from the body of a response in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23812" CreationDate="2016-11-22T23:21:10.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on what I see from your screen shot and description, change the &quot;field to check&quot; option to body and try the following regular expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;order_id=(.*) capture_reference_id&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21858" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:33:10.027" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:33:10.027" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23812" CreationDate="2016-11-23T05:47:46.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking into &quot;RegExp Tester&quot; window of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener and using your response exactly as it appears at the page I would recommend using the following Regular Expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;order_id=(\d+)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/972aK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/972aK.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Regular Expression Extractor Demo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expressions&lt;/a&gt; chapter of JMeter &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;User Manual&lt;/a&gt; for entry level information on Regular Expressions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just in case your response is malformed, I would recommend using the same approach to test your Regular Expressions against real server response. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-debug-your-apache-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Debug your Apache JMeter Script&lt;/a&gt; article for details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T05:47:46.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23793" CreationDate="2016-11-23T06:20:36.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Profiler tools are your friends, if the performance degradation was introduced by a recent commit you should be able to track it down, they might not be open source but normally they are a part of developer toolchain and they are free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iOS: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Performance/Conceptual/PerformanceOverview/PerformanceTools/PerformanceTools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/studio/profile/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Profiling Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows Phone: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudioalm/2014/04/03/performance-profiling-on-windows-phone-8-1-with-visual-studio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Profiling on Windows Phone 8.1 with Visual Studio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using backend server to collect and store information and visualise it - it might be the case when there is nothing wrong with your SDK, it is the backend server causing delays as it is overloaded. In that case check its health and schedule performance testing for it as well. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; article for the most outstanding open source load testing tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="6225" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T02:15:34.957" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T02:15:34.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10001" CreationDate="2016-11-23T06:22:28.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of explanation of Jmeter Summary, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://automation-performance.blogspot.in/2015/08/jmeterunderstanding-summary-report.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jmeter:Understanding Summary Report&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the most useful report generated by Jmeter to undertstand the load test result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Label: Name of HTTP sample request send to server&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Samples : This Captures the total number of samples pushed to server. Suppose you put a Loop Controller to run it 5 times this particular request and then 2 iteration(Called Loop Count in Thread Group)is set and load test is run for 100 users, then the count that will be displayed here .... 1*5*2 * 100 =1000. Total = total number of samples send to server during entire run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Average : It's an average response time for a particular http request. This response time is in millisecond, and an average for 5 loops in two iteration for 100 users. Total = Average of total average of samples, means add all averages for all samples and divide by number of samples&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Min : Minmum time spend by sample requests send for this label. The total equals to the minimum time across all samples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Max : Maximum tie spend by sample requests send for this label The total equals to the maxmimum time across all samples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Std. Dev. : Knowing the standard deviation of your data set tells you how densely the data points are clustered around the mean. The smaller the standard deviation, the more consistent the data. Standard deviation should be less than or equal to half of the average time for a label. If it is more than that, then it means that something is wrong. you need to figure out the problem and fix it. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation&lt;/a&gt; Total is euqals to highest deviation across all samples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error: Total percentage of erros found for a particular sample request. 0.0% shows that all requests completed successfully. Total equals to percentage of errors samples in all samples (Total Samples)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Throughput: Hits/sec, or total number of request per unit of time(sec, mins, hr) send to server during test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;endTime = lastSampleStartTime + lastSampleLoadTime&#xA;startTime = firstSampleStartTime&#xA;converstion = unit time conversion value&#xA;Throughput = Numrequests / ((endTime - startTime)*conversion)&#xA; KB/sec : Its mesuring throughput rate in Kilobytes per second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avg. Bytes: Avegare of total bytes of data downloaded from server. Totals is average bytes across all samples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22580" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T06:22:28.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23823" CreationDate="2016-11-23T07:37:05.877" Score="1" ViewCount="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a company wants to update their systems like for example ERP or CRM or a bookkeeping system etc. How can they best do this.. Just update the systems on every computer and hoping it works 100%? Or test it on 1 computer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there best practises for this? Or even how is this called in the IT world? Is it ITIL ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22582" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T07:57:32.310" Title="How to update softwares in a company" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;protocols&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-11-23T08:59:43.597" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-23T07:37:29.003" Score="0" ViewCount="1643" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run nearly 30-40 test cases twice a day. And every time some test case fails due to page load time. In fact I have explicitly mentioned &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(&quot;2000&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; wherever I feel it takes more time to load. But still some 5-6 testcases fails. How can I make my selenium to wait until the page loads ?? And I got this exception &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Starting ChromeDriver 2.25.426923 (0390b88869384d6eb0d5d09729679f934aab9eed) on port 1828&#xA;              Only local connections are allowed.Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: element not visible(Session info: chrome=54.0.2840.99)&#xA;              (Driver info: chromedriver=2.25.426923 (0390b88869384d6eb0d5d09729679f934aab9eed),platform=Windows NT 10.0.14393 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)               Command duration or timeout: 36 milliseconds&#xA;              Build info: version: '2.53.0', revision: '35ae25b', time: '2016-03-15 16:57:40'System info: host: 'DESKTOP-LU4RI93', ip: '10.100.154.4', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_111'&#xA;              Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, mobileEmulationEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.25.426923 (0390b88869384d6eb0d5d09729679f934aab9eed), userDataDir=C:\Users\HRT1~1\AppData\Local\Temp\scoped_dir6436_32242}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, hasTouchScreen=false, version=54.0.2840.99, platform=XP, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, acceptSslCerts=true, locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;              Session ID: dacb1d58627c657aa111d94eba60b81f&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21592" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2016-11-23T07:52:11.490" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T07:59:52.437" Title="Selenium test cases are failing due to page load time" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23821" CreationDate="2016-11-23T07:42:17.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find the answer in &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12858972/how-can-i-ask-the-selenium-webdriver-to-wait-for-few-seconds-in-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12858972/how-can-i-ask-the-selenium-webdriver-to-wait-for-few-seconds-in-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Short, you should use conditional wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T07:42:17.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23820" CreationDate="2016-11-23T07:57:32.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would expect a release management cycle based on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development,_testing,_acceptance_and_production&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DTAP&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Users should try the new versions in an acceptance environment and then maybe start upgrading only a couple of users in production to find major issues not found in acceptance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T07:57:32.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23821" CreationDate="2016-11-23T08:26:50.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to wait for an expected element to be shown on the page. This wait will loop until either the timeout is reached or the element is found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/implicit-explicit-n-fluent-wait/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/implicit-explicit-n-fluent-wait/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2009/06/my-selenium-tests-arent-stable.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://testing.googleblog.com/2009/06/my-selenium-tests-arent-stable.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T08:26:50.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23821" CreationDate="2016-11-23T09:05:22.443" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have faced this issue. Refer below &lt;strong&gt;working snippet -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static void waitForPageLoad(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);&#xA;&#xA;    Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; pageLoaded = new Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;() {&#xA;&#xA;        @Override&#xA;        public boolean apply(WebDriver input) {&#xA;            return ((JavascriptExecutor) input).executeScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).equals(&quot;complete&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    };&#xA;    wait.until(pageLoaded);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T09:05:22.443" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23828" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-23T10:58:53.920" Score="3" ViewCount="7010" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to practice performance testing at home using some load testing tool like jmeter. Can anybody tell me some links of websites or applications on which I can practice performance testing by throwing load by load testing tool from home?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2018-02-25T03:03:18.703" Title="Applications for practicing performance testing from home" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;&lt;neoload&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23829" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23839" CreationDate="2016-11-23T11:10:17.980" Score="0" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I send a user name to hotmail user name field? Do I need to focus 1st and then use sendKey option? I am also struggling to figure out how to use xpath or cssselector for this field. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://login.live.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://login.live.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;placeholder has-focus&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; &#xA;     style=&quot;cursor:text&quot; &#xA;     data-bind=&quot;text: hintText, css: hintCss&quot;&amp;gt;Email, phone, or Skype name&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your help/suggestion is much appreciated. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18188" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T07:48:51.960" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T07:48:51.960" Title="{Selenium &amp; Java} How do I send a user name to hotmail user name field?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23828" CreationDate="2016-11-23T11:54:48.737" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best option will be deploying some free and open source application like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.drupal.org/about&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Drupal&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://magento.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Magento&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://moodle.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Moodle&lt;/a&gt;, etc. somewhere to your intranet. This way you will be able not only to get hands on experience with creating scripts and setting up load patterns but will also be able to see the impact of your load test by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;monitoring baseline server-side health metrics&lt;/a&gt;. Just remember not to install load generator and application under test on the same machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not in position to install anything you can consider using the following web sites:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazedemo.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blazedemo.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T11:54:48.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11614" CreationDate="2016-11-23T12:13:04.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have faced this situation several times previously. For instance, there is a scenario in a test case that mentioned I required to test the environment where the changes have not been applied/installed yet. Normally, in my work, there is a bug that has several changes that need to be fixed separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is, what if the environment has only been installed with one changes or all changes. However, when I run the testing, the environment has been installed with all changes that related to a defect. Thus, I couldn't run the scenario which environment has only been installed with one changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, it's not possible to run that specific scenario. Then, I will mark it as Not Applicable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22534" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T12:13:04.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13544" CreationDate="2016-11-23T12:33:39.977" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using &lt;code&gt;callback()&lt;/code&gt;, try using  &lt;code&gt;setTimeout(callback, 1000);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22588" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T12:33:39.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18623" CreationDate="2016-11-23T12:51:37.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/how-to-work-with-iframes-in-selenium-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Working with Frames using Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt;: This link might be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Blockquote&#xA;  The element which i need to perform action is in the iframe itself, so do i need to use the driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To access an element which inside a frame, you need to switch to that frame &gt; perform the required operation &gt; and then switch back to the default contents to access elements outside the frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastEditorUserId="15269" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T06:40:01.673" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T06:40:01.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18731" CreationDate="2016-11-23T13:09:02.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may try jxl.Sheet.getColumn function of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.java2s.com/Code/Jar/j/Downloadjxljar.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jxl.jar&lt;/a&gt;. Only catch is jxl does not support the &quot;xlsx&quot; file format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T13:09:02.323" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15880" CreationDate="2016-11-23T13:15:17.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/aerogear/aerogear-otp-java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aerogear-otp-java - Java One Time Password API&lt;/a&gt; provides insights about how an otp is generated. It worked for okta verification, you may try this with Tellurium and see if it works out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the snippet that worked perfectly fine for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.jboss.aerogear.security.otp.api.Clock otpClock = new Clock(30);&#xA;org.jboss.aerogear.security.otp.Totp totp = new Totp(secretKey, otpClock);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastEditorUserId="15269" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T08:53:57.860" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T08:53:57.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23829" CreationDate="2016-11-23T13:32:23.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can directly use sendkeys, No need to first set focus on the email field:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Below is the required xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='CredentialsInputPane']//div[3]//div[2]/div&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always use firepath addon in firefox, to take help, with creation of xpaths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T13:32:23.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13923" CreationDate="2016-11-23T13:36:52.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Executing a javascript click on the option from the dropdown should work, because for a javascript click to work elementToClicked should be present on the dom (it does not matter if its display is none or not).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Snippet (java):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click;&quot;, driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;optionFromDropdown&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T13:36:52.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23751" CreationDate="2016-11-23T18:35:04.550" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer this, I think it is better to first look into why they have code access restrictions set.  The fact that it is financial software is a valid reason.  Minimizing risk of a security breach by minimizing exposure to source code is very important. This is maybe not the best comprison, but if during a snow storm, you don't need to travel, don't do it, this minimizes the number of possible accidents on the road.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few points on how to have a conversation with your company to let testers have access to source:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;agree that not every tester needs access to code (any black box type testing roles)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;company leadership needs data and stats to convince them of anything usually. analyze the list of bugs that have slipped through the development and release process and point out issues that could have been caught by white box testing  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;look into what the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_Design_Engineer_in_Test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Developer in Test&lt;/a&gt; role consists of&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in the present day, most students coming out of any computer degree have had some sort of coding training and would be able to comprehend the idea behind whatever functionality the developer is trying to cover&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;from experience, a lot of questions, holes, and new test cases have been discovered when a developer walks through the code changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22139" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T18:35:04.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23751" CreationDate="2016-11-23T20:22:56.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually I try to win battles the postive way by proving a point, but in this case why don't you try attacking it from the other side, ask &lt;strong&gt;&quot;why not ?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the big software companies I know of or worked at do not restrict READ access to the source code for people working on the product, and few exceptions like when outsourcing work to remote sites, or super secret projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your managers might try and argue about the above good arguments, not because the arguments are wrong but because managers are in a habit of protecting their decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T20:22:56.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15453" CreationDate="2016-11-23T21:29:02.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the object and properties used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) If objects are dynamic then it would be difficult for developers to hard code IDs. In this case you should look for data associated with object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Properties like MappedName and FullName depend on the whole hierarchy leading up to the object, so if any parent object moves or changes then this property will change too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Properties that are auto-generated will change with each build. You should talk to your developers to hard code certain properties with a unique value/id, that way these will not change with each build and you can use it for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22575" LastActivityDate="2016-11-23T21:29:02.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18731" CreationDate="2016-11-24T06:00:48.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using an excel file for inputting all different fields on your &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;application, you can put 4000 characters data in each cell for a column in excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can call that column everytime you are inputting value in your listbox, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it will return random cell value from the column.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22359" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T06:00:48.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8292" CreationDate="2016-11-24T06:41:55.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried a lot many things, but my drop down was inside a table and I was not able to perform a simple select operation. Only the below solution worked. Here I am highlighting drop down elem and pressing down arrow until getting the desired value - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        #identify the drop down element&#xA;        elem = browser.find_element_by_name(objectVal)&#xA;        for option in elem.find_elements_by_tag_name('option'):&#xA;            if option.text == value:&#xA;                break&#xA;&#xA;            else:&#xA;                ARROW_DOWN = u'\ue015'&#xA;                elem.send_keys(ARROW_DOWN)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22597" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T06:41:55.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23751" CreationDate="2016-11-24T07:38:33.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Pros&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are testing safety, &lt;em&gt;or other&lt;/em&gt;, critical code then your testing requirements will include 100% Code and Decision coverage - this is often impossible to achieve without seeing the actual code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The specifications which you cannot test without are usually easier to understand &amp;amp; steal than the actual code so confidentiality is only an issue if your code has some proprietary methods to implement what is in the specification.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cons&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the testers look at the code they are likely to test the code as &lt;strong&gt;written&lt;/strong&gt; rather than the functionality of the code as &lt;strong&gt;required&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Suggestion&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many companies split the test teams into functional, (black box), testers and coverage, (grey box), testers. The divide can be based on skill set and clearance for the information contained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T07:38:33.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23821" CreationDate="2016-11-24T07:59:52.437" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I thin you should try and increase the wait time. You've added &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(&quot;2000&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;, which is &lt;strong&gt;2 seconds&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;do all your pages load within 2 seconds?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you should try and add some more wait time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T07:59:52.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23856" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-24T08:39:42.003" Score="1" ViewCount="1084" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone figured out how to access an Input file in the shadow DOM using selenium chrome driver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at a certain point at the angular.js page a button is clicked and in the function triggered by the event creates this elemnt in the shadow DOM&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;angular.element('&amp;lt;input type=&quot;file&quot; accept=&quot;.' + h + '&quot;/&amp;gt;');&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to access the input element so I can bypass the file browser dialog.&#xA;I am using selenium webdriver V3 and chromedriver 2.25 which I understood from the release notes supports accessing the shadow DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;input&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;or&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;object title = js.ExecuteScript(&quot;return $(':input')&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;which both returns the input elemnents not in the Shadow DOM&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;object title = js.ExecuteScript(&quot;return $('body/deep/:input')&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    throws unrecognized expression: body /deep/ :input&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to access this element in order to select a file for the input?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T08:39:42.003" Title="How to access an Input file in the shadow DOM using selenium chrome driver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23794" CreationDate="2016-11-24T08:57:01.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In agile projects every sprint timeline we have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;new functionality&lt;/strong&gt; to be tested (the size of this part is nearly the same every sprint)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;regression &amp;amp; verification&lt;/strong&gt; of bug fixes (and this part becomes bigger from sprint to sprint)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;New functionality&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No automation, More informal scripted tests (test cases), Less Exploratory testing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Commonly testing in agile is started when new code arrives, but in this case testing loses precious time. Ideally tester should participate in scrum meetings to have full understanding of user stories, so he could represent end user interests. This early phase gives you sketches of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then as software arrives you check it with this informal test cases (extending them according to your new knowledge of the software). This is the first phase of testing, scripted manual testing (there should not be too much exploration) to check basic functions of software. This is how you test &lt;strong&gt;new functionality&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Regression &amp; verification&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;More automated tests, Less scripted tests (test cases), and Exploratory testing as a separate part of testing process&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;As soon as core functionality becomes stable&lt;/em&gt; (business process or part of it could be accomplished) you should start with automation. &lt;strong&gt;Core business functionality  should be validated with automated tests.&lt;/strong&gt; This will save you time on &lt;strong&gt;regression &amp;amp; verification&lt;/strong&gt; to do exploratory testing without scripted test cases but with great mind efforts. Be sure Exploratory testing is nearly useless if the basic features are not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: please do not mix &lt;strong&gt;Exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;Monkey testing&lt;/strong&gt;. The first is about emphasizing &lt;em&gt;the dominant thought process&lt;/em&gt; involved in unscripted testing, but second one is about random input to the tested system. Professional tester should not do monkey testing (there is an exception: randomization of automated tests, but generally this is not monkey testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T08:57:01.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22931" CreationDate="2016-11-24T09:27:43.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Equivalence Partitioning&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea behind this technique is to divide (i.e. to partition) a set of test conditions into groups or sets that can be considered the same (i.e. the system should handle them equivalently), hence ‘equivalence partitioning’. Equivalence partitions are also known as equivalence classes – the two terms mean exactly the same thing. We need to test only one condition from each partition. This is because we are assuming that all the conditions in one partition will be treated in the same way by the software. If one condition in a partition works, we assume all of the conditions in that partition will work, and so there is little point in testing any of these others. Similarly, if one of the conditions in a partition does not work, then we assume that none of the conditions in that partition will work so again there is little point in testing anymore in that partition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boundary value analysis (BVA)&lt;/strong&gt; is based on testing at the boundaries between partitions. Here we have both valid boundaries (in the valid partitions) and invalid boundaries (in the invalid partitions). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically, because every boundary is in some partition, if you did only boundary value analysis you would also have tested every equivalence partition. However, this approach may cause problems if that value failed – was it only the boundary value that failed or did the whole partition fail? Also by testing only boundaries we would probably not give the users much confidence as we are using extreme values rather than normal values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22534" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T09:27:43.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23533" CreationDate="2016-11-24T09:57:25.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are few scenarios you can implement.Depending on the implementation you can add more or remove some.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - check display (click on the forgot password link and check that you have title, email field, and submit button)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - valid email (click on the forgot password link, enter a valid email and check the email is received and contains a the link for reset password)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - valid email, change password, logout and login with changed password&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - invalid email format (validate the email field for invalid email like test@com gives an error)  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - valid email, use the reset password link and have a password for current password and a different password for confirm password&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - valid email, use the reset password link twice and see that second time you are using it will give you an error&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - valid email, use the reset password link and check display (that you have password/confirm password fields etc)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - submit email that is not registered and check the result (it may be an error, or a general success message - this depends if how security is implemented)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Forgot password - valid email, use the reset password link and check validation on password/confirm password link (like weak/medium/strong password or minimum length - depending of what validations you have)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As email you can use a dispostable email server like Mailinator. Investigate what other options you would have since you might need the email for some other tests also.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please note that some of the free email services have usually public inboxes, meaning anyone can see it, you can opt in for a payed plan with private inbox.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-24T11:53:09.110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T11:53:09.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23533" CreationDate="2016-11-24T10:23:36.843" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to test it end-2-end you can use a service like &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailtrap.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://mailtrap.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.mailtrap.apiary.io/#reference/message&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an API to retrieve&lt;/a&gt; the email and extract the link and open the link with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still I am wondering if you want to test this workflow end-2-end, maybe some integration tests would suffice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checking emails sending gets triggered, not actual testing the email content.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Email content could be checked by the class it-self with unit-test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setting up a state that you can verify with the same link everytime&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup database state&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow known link&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login with new password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1027595/running-junit-email-tests-without-emails-actually-going-out&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1027595/running-junit-email-tests-without-emails-actually-going-out&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T10:23:36.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23863" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23880" CreationDate="2016-11-24T10:56:51.090" Score="3" ViewCount="470" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to automate some tests with Unity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I have a C program that works like a very basic calculator with operations such as division, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to automate the test environment. I have some test cases, where the inputs of the program will be always the same. I want to verify that the output is equal to what was expected. So for the division I have some test cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 / 2 = 2 (test case to test division with positive numbers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;-40 / -10 = 4 (test case to test division with negative numbers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;40 / 0 = &quot;error msg&quot; (test case to test division by zero)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to use Unity to automate this tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I achieve this? I don't get any correct result. I started to learn the Unity basics doing some simple examples like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#include &quot;unity.h&quot;&#xA;&#xA;void test1(void)&#xA;{&#xA;    TEST_ASSERT(1==1);&#xA;    TEST_ASSERT(2==2);&#xA;}&#xA;void test2(void)&#xA;{&#xA;   TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL(2,2);&#xA;   TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_INT(2,3);&#xA;   TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_FLOAT(1.1,1.2);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;int main()&#xA;{&#xA;    UNITY_BEGIN();&#xA;    RUN_TEST(teste_theFirst);&#xA;    RUN_TEST(teste_2);&#xA;    return UNITY_END();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how can I use Unity to interact with a command line program? For example, I have a part of the calculator program relative to the division operation, below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;calc.c:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void division();&#xA;&#xA;printf(&quot;Enter / symbol for Division \n&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    void division()&#xA;    {&#xA;        int a, b, d=0;&#xA;        printf(&quot;\nPlease enter first number  : &quot;);&#xA;        scanf(&quot;%d&quot;, &amp;amp;a);&#xA;        printf(&quot;Please enter second number : &quot;);&#xA;        scanf(&quot;%d&quot;, &amp;amp;b);&#xA;        d=a/b;&#xA;        printf(&quot;\nDivision of entered numbers=%d\n&quot;,d);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other part of the program not so relevant for the division example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int main()&#xA;{&#xA;    int X=1;&#xA;    char Calc_oprn;&#xA;    // Function call&#xA;    calculator_operations();&#xA;    while(X)&#xA;    {&#xA;        printf(&quot;\n&quot;);&#xA;        printf(&quot;%s : &quot;, KEY);&#xA;        Calc_oprn=getche();&#xA;        switch(Calc_oprn)&#xA;        {&#xA;            case '+': addition();&#xA;                      break;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            case '/': division();&#xA;                      break;&#xA;&#xA;            case 'H':&#xA;            case 'h': calculator_operations();&#xA;                      break;&#xA;&#xA;            case 'Q':&#xA;            case 'q': exit(0);&#xA;                      break;&#xA;            case 'c':&#xA;            case 'C': system(&quot;cls&quot;);&#xA;                      calculator_operations();&#xA;                      break;&#xA;&#xA;            default : system(&quot;cls&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    printf(&quot;\n**********You have entered unavailable option&quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;***********\n&quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;\n*****Please Enter any one of below available &quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;options****\n&quot;);&#xA;                      calculator_operations();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;//Function Definitions&#xA;void calculator_operations()&#xA;{&#xA;    //system(&quot;cls&quot;);  use system function to clear&#xA;    //screen instead of clrscr();&#xA;    printf(&quot;\n             Welcome to C calculator \n\n&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    printf(&quot;******* Press 'Q' or 'q' to quit &quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;the program ********\n&quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;***** Press 'H' or 'h' to display &quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;below options *****\n\n&quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;Enter 'C' or 'c' to clear the screen and&quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot; display available option \n\n&quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;Enter * symbol for Multiplication \n&quot;);&#xA;    printf(&quot;Enter / symbol for Division \n&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test division:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void run_test_division_positive_integers(int expected, int x, int y){&#xA;    UNITY_BEGIN();&#xA;    int actual;&#xA;    actual = x/y;&#xA;    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL(expected, actual);&#xA;    return UNITY_END();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;   void division()&#xA;{&#xA;    int a, b, d=0;&#xA;    printf(&quot;\nPlease enter first number  : &quot;);&#xA;    scanf(&quot;%d&quot;, &amp;amp;a);&#xA;    printf(&quot;Please enter second number : &quot;);&#xA;    scanf(&quot;%d&quot;, &amp;amp;b);&#xA;    d=a/b;&#xA;    run_test_division_positive_integers(d, a,b)&#xA;    printf(&quot;\nDivision of entered numbers=%d\n&quot;,d);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22521" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:09:40.220" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:09:40.220" Title="Test input and expected output with Unity" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23864" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-24T11:30:53.497" Score="1" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm on Appium with C#, I have 60 test methods written on different classes.&#xA;I'm running the tests via Visual Studio test explorer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I click run all test button at the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Test explorer&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; it will start running the test cases, but not in an order. (I don't mind about the order). So how am I going to identify which test case is running at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Can I get any indicator at the Appium GUI as a log or any other way?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T06:26:27.393" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T06:26:27.393" Title="Which test method is running/executing at the moment?" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-24T12:08:34.850" Score="0" ViewCount="273" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Eclipse Kepler for the generation of test cases using JUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried the follow through this link &lt;a href=&quot;https://earlwillis.wordpress.com/2012/01/31/getting-started-with-junit-reports/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://earlwillis.wordpress.com/2012/01/31/getting-started-with-junit-reports/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the problem is that JUnit folder and &lt;code&gt;build.xml&lt;/code&gt; file is not generated while refreshing the project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import junit.framework.Assert;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.AfterClass;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.junit.FixMethodOrder;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.junit.runners.MethodSorters;&#xA;&#xA;@FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING)&#xA;public class  Test {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA; String expectedurl=&quot;http://example.com.au/account-page/&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public  static void setup()&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;    @org.junit.Test&#xA;    public  void login(){&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com.au/&quot;);&#xA;        WebElement loginmain=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;menu-item-14235&quot;));&#xA;        loginmain.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @org.junit.Test&#xA;    public void blankdata()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com.au/loginregister/&quot;);   &#xA;        //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        String userblank=&quot; &quot;;&#xA;        String passblank=&quot; &quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(userblank);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement password=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        password.clear();&#xA;        password.sendKeys(passblank);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String actual=driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expectedurl, actual);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    @org.junit.Test&#xA;    public void blankpassword()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com.au/loginregister/&quot;);   &#xA;    //  driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        String userblank=&quot;rutvisoni&quot;;&#xA;        String passblank=&quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(userblank);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement password=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        password.clear();&#xA;        password.sendKeys(passblank);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String actual=driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expectedurl, actual);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    @org.junit.Test&#xA;&#xA;    public void blankusername()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com.au/loginregister/&quot;);   &#xA;        //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        String userblank=&quot; &quot;;&#xA;        String passblank=&quot;12Abcd&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(userblank);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement password=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        password.clear();&#xA;        password.sendKeys(passblank);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String actual=driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expectedurl, actual);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    @org.junit.Test&#xA;    public void invaliddata()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com.au/loginregister/&quot;);   &#xA;        //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        String userblank=&quot;rutvisoni1&quot;;&#xA;        String passblank=&quot;12Abcdfdg&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(userblank);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement password=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        password.clear();&#xA;        password.sendKeys(passblank);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String actual=driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        //System.out.println(&quot;Invaliddata-&amp;gt;&quot;+actual);&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expectedurl, actual);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @org.junit.Test &#xA;    public  void  validdata(){&#xA;&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com.au/loginregister/&quot;);   &#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(&quot;sunny007&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement password=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        password.clear();&#xA;        password.sendKeys(&quot;123456Ss&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String actual=driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expectedurl, actual);       &#xA;    }&#xA;    @AfterClass&#xA;    public static void close()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-02-28T08:56:19.917" LastActivityDate="2020-02-28T08:56:19.917" Title="Junit Report Generate" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22431" CreationDate="2016-11-24T12:36:38.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can launch the Installation Manager and modify your RPT install options to add PVU support.  The following link describes that setup - it looks like your particular situation applies under option 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21902683&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21902683&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as how many virtual users you can take advantage of, that depends on your CPU.  The PVU licensing only applies the number of virtual users that your processor can support and still give you valid results.  However, you will have to check your license agreement or with your IBM rep to see if you can apply your license as PVU.  See this link for more info about licensing, including PVU.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSBLQQ_9.0.0/com.ibm.rational.rtw.install.doc/topics/c_license_descriptions.html#c_license_descriptions__licenses_pvu&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSBLQQ_9.0.0/com.ibm.rational.rtw.install.doc/topics/c_license_descriptions.html#c_license_descriptions__licenses_pvu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T12:36:38.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23869" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-24T13:57:53.700" Score="7" ViewCount="377" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me start with some contexts in the form of a quote from &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.sourceforge.net/doc/testinfected/testing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;JUnit Test Infected: Programmers Love Writing Tests&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Problem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every programmer knows they should write tests for their code. Few do.&#xA;The universal response to &amp;quot;Why not?&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;I'm in too much of a hurry.&amp;quot;&#xA;This quickly becomes a vicious cycle- the more pressure you feel, the&#xA;fewer tests you write. The fewer tests you write, the less productive&#xA;you are and the less stable your code becomes. The less productive and&#xA;accurate you are, the more pressure you feel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working as a Test Engineer for three (five developer sized) Scrum teams. I cannot do all of their testing work. Therefore I am training them to become better testers and continuously improve their process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I firmly believe part of being a good software developer is being a good tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- &lt;a href=&quot;https://simpleprogrammer.com/2015/02/16/joel-test-programmers-simple-programmer-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;John Sonmez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leads to my question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What methods do you use to make your engineers (either Testers or Developers) &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?TestInfected&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-infected&lt;/a&gt; (or &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?TestHappy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestHappy&lt;/a&gt;)?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for methods I haven't tried are unaware of. Preferable &lt;strong&gt;one&lt;/strong&gt; method per answer, unless they cannot be used a single method. (This way we can vote for which we think are the best or most promising methods to try, certainly for a single tester in larger teams.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-09T12:24:01.983" LastActivityDate="2020-10-10T18:58:46.817" Title="What practices do you use to Test-infect your engineers?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23869" CreationDate="2016-11-24T14:03:04.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coding Dojo: Test Driven Development&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been executing TDD coding dojo's as described by Emily Bache in her &lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/codingdojohandbook&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;book&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://app.pluralsight.com/library/courses/the-coding-dojo/table-of-contents&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pluralsight video's&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The engineers are very enthusiastic about this approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each iteration we do a single Dojo and watch a &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/videos/clean-code/fundamentals&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CleanCoders fundamentals video&lt;/a&gt;, which also works towards TDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The results are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers proudly telling me they TDDed their first class recently&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting good practise with TDD in a safe environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-11-24T14:24:51.933" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T14:24:51.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23317" CreationDate="2016-11-24T14:09:39.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automate or not my tests ? is a big question. And it become a necessity in a new word that is in continues changements. &#xA;Before starting with this question, in my opignon, we should start with why you want to automate your tests. &#xA;We do it because the methodologies of software developement and testing are changed and goes specially to Agile.&#xA;When you say Agile, you say sprints and cycle of delevery very quick. At this rithme the manual tests can't follow.&#xA;And at the same occasion we can speak about increasing quality in general by all the types of tests. And automate tests can be by Unit tests at the bigining and then the integration one for scripts and then functional one. The two first one are used to be done by developpers and functional one by manual testers.&#xA;So here we speaks about coulture and strategy of testing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now for manual testers we can give a simple test : &#xA;&quot;do a same scenarios ten of times per week.&quot; It is hard and annoying. and each time you pay for doning these tests specially if you ask to an external company to do that. &#xA;By automating a scenraio. You can write it one and then you launch it 10 ten per day.&#xA;So in term of budget you have a the biggest part is the setup of the tests and then the the execution is free. The maintenace is not so expensive if you use best practeces and design patterns and specially factorise codes in order to change one line of code and you correct all the tests.&#xA;Until now we gain only on frequency. No it is not only that. In fact, the same tests can be executed with many data. so it will be driven by data. The same tests can be executed in many browsers, os ...&#xA;So the 10 per day can be * (4 browsers) * (3 os) * (3 data for examlpe) , and these cobinations can't be done by human.&#xA;Hope My answer can help you and sorry for errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17180" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T14:09:39.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23869" CreationDate="2016-11-24T14:10:31.547" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing on the Toilet (from Google)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Repeating the &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2007/01/introducing-testing-on-toilet.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing on the toilet&lt;/a&gt; prints on your toilets might be a way to spread testing knowledge and get developers to do more and better testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded all the Google ToT articles to a single folder, you can find &lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B9jYI3GYHtrucEo3Nm91Um9aTlU?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;them here&lt;/a&gt;. This so you don't have to go through the whole blog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Print one for each toilet you engineers goto every (other) week. I have started with &lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B9jYI3GYHtruTXEtclZtUVdqZEk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test behavior not implementation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The results are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reactions have been positive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T08:57:08.563" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T08:57:08.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23873" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-24T14:20:28.320" Score="2" ViewCount="3171" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the web page, we have a number of rows (with row nested to it). The below code is a snippet for one such row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr ng-repeat=&quot;abc&quot; class=&quot;alpha&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;one ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    Apple&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;filters&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table class = &quot;wood&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;tr ng-repeat=&quot;xyz&quot; class=&quot;xeta&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td class=&quot;two&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td class=&quot;three&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;td class=&quot;four&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;button type=&quot;button&quot; class=&quot;remove&quot; ng-click=&quot;vm.delete&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    .....&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;        &#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am having difficulty in finding the way (element(by....)) to access the delete button for the apple's row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22105" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T15:18:10.857" Title="Protractor - Find delete button in &lt;tr&gt; with respect to &lt;td&gt; in other &lt;tr&gt;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23873" CreationDate="2016-11-24T14:31:40.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use css:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;td button.remove&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td/button[@class='remove']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have multiple filters you should add constraint for that section like:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.wood td button.remove&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T14:31:40.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22843" CreationDate="2016-11-24T15:26:29.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var Nightmare = require('nightmare');&#xA;var fs = require('fs');&#xA;var http = require('http');&#xA;&#xA;var nightmare = Nightmare({show: true})&#xA;    .viewport(1000, 1000)&#xA;    .useragent(&quot;Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.111 Safari/537.36&quot;)&#xA;    .goto('https://smartway.tn.gov/traffic/')&#xA;    .wait(5000)&#xA;    .screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1.png')&#xA;&#xA;    .click('button[title=&quot;Feature Menu&quot;]')&#xA;    .wait('button[data-qa-hook=&quot;toggleWaze&quot;]')&#xA;    .screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1_feature.png')&#xA;&#xA;    .click('button[data-qa-hook=&quot;toggleWaze&quot;]')&#xA;    .wait(3000)&#xA;    .screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1_featureWaze.png')&#xA;&#xA;    .wait('button[data-qa-hook=&quot;LocationMenu&quot;]')&#xA;    .click('button[data-qa-hook=&quot;LocationMenu&quot;]')&#xA;&#xA;    .wait('a[title=&quot;Chattanooga&quot;]')&#xA;    .click('a[title=&quot;Chattanooga&quot;]')&#xA;&#xA;    .wait(3000)&#xA;    .screenshot('screenshots/n/smartway1_location1.png')&#xA;&#xA;    .run(function (err, nightmare) {&#xA;      if (err) return console.log(err);&#xA;      console.log('Done!');&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22606" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T15:26:29.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23869" CreationDate="2016-11-24T17:27:29.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I asked my manager the same question a few years back. The answer he told me is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If developers test their own codes they will help themselves.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I could not personally convince developers to write tests, the management especially the scrum master certainly could. During our sprints, a certain portion of tests was identified and assigned to developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The management organized training sessions to demonstrate how much developers can help with testing and improving product quality as well. Various graphs showed the number of bugs discovered during various stages of SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also got a champion to lead the course; the champion went around and did lots of research on new testing methods and tools, introducing them to all of us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We got developers to write tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers were very interested when shown new testing tools and new testing methodologies, they wanted to use them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T17:27:29.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23869" CreationDate="2016-11-24T17:32:05.980" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Challenge developers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another company I was working for held competitions among developers / testers. People love challenges; when challenged with coming up with new testing ideas and writing tests as quickly as possible, they became very motivated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Within a few hours, lots of new ideas turned up as well as written test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You got to know your peers better on a personal level.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T17:32:05.980" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23878" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23898" CreationDate="2016-11-24T19:12:34.847" Score="2" ViewCount="5536" Body="&lt;p&gt;The key HTML is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col col3 actionCol&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;button type=&quot;submit&quot; class=&quot;booking fRight&quot;&amp;gt;Book&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but we also have other &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt;s on the same page, e.g. for login, that have a similar &quot;submit&quot; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do i click this specific one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22607" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T14:07:14.873" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T04:55:04.620" Title="Selenium -- How to deal with 2 submit buttons and click on one of them?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23878" CreationDate="2016-11-24T19:31:18.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find both of them into an array and find which one you want by using array indexing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;buttonArray = webdriver.findElements(submit button xpath / css selector)&#xA;firstButton = buttonArray[0]&#xA;secondButton = buttonArray[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T19:31:18.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23863" CreationDate="2016-11-24T23:46:32.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no quick easy answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to write a small Unity application to interact with this calculator application, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start this Calculator application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start your own Unity application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application will locate this calculator's command line window and interact with it by providing inputs, e.g. your own Unity application will type in &quot;2&quot;, &quot;Enter&quot;, &quot;+&quot;, &quot;Enter&quot;, &quot;2&quot; to this Calculator application's command line window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application will read the result back from the calculator application's command line window and verify it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a quick easy task. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#include &quot;unity.h&quot;&#xA;&#xA;void test1(void)&#xA;{&#xA;    int firstInput = 2;&#xA;    int secondInput = 2;&#xA;    int expectedResult = 4;&#xA;    int actualResult = 0;&#xA;&#xA;    actualResult = TypeInputsIntoCalcualtorCMD(firstInput,secondInput); //you will have to implement this function yourself.&#xA;&#xA;    TEST_ASSERT(expectedResult==actualResult);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;int main()&#xA;{&#xA;    Locate_Calculator_CMD(); //you will have to implement this function yourself.&#xA;    UNITY_BEGIN();&#xA;    RUN_TEST(test1);&#xA;    return UNITY_END();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can modify the Calculator's source code by changing its input source from the standard input to your Unity functions. But this is a really dangerous idea to take.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-24T23:46:32.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23884" CreationDate="2016-11-25T04:53:33.263" Score="2" ViewCount="3727" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is functional testing? is functional testing different from regression testing?&#xA;I have heard the term functional testing in many different types, some use it for thorough testing part while others say functional testing is same as regression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched many sites but there is a lots of mismatch in these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T06:24:21.730" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T09:03:34.357" Title="Is functional testing different from regression testing? How?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-25T13:50:07.090" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23883" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-25T05:03:26.397" Score="0" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working in manual testing for the past one year and like to learn automation now.How can I learn selenium of my own? Is it easy to write scripts in selenium?What are the best available resources to learn selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22610" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T06:13:30.430" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T10:24:20.320" Title="How to learn to script in selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-25T13:21:01.037" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23882" CreationDate="2016-11-25T06:05:38.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional &amp;amp; Regression Testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional Testing is carried&lt;/strong&gt; out to verify whether &lt;strong&gt;implemented function or feature is working as specs&lt;/strong&gt; or as expected?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing is having &lt;strong&gt;scope limited to targeted feature&lt;/strong&gt; and functionality testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression Testing is carried out&lt;/strong&gt; when bug fixes happens, features has been added in old product and that product we are planning to deploy. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression testing result helps to ensure&lt;/strong&gt; after bug fixes and addition of &lt;strong&gt;new features&lt;/strong&gt; are working as expected + at the same time &lt;strong&gt;previously developed features&lt;/strong&gt; are also &lt;strong&gt;working well&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scope of regression testing is very wide and huge. It includes &lt;strong&gt;end to end testing&lt;/strong&gt; of the product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T06:05:38.330" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23882" CreationDate="2016-11-25T09:03:34.357" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on where you look, you'll get slightly different answers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional Testing :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Testing the features and operational behavior of a product to ensure that the application is developed correspond to its specifications and requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing that ignores the internal mechanism of a system or component and focuses solely on the outputs generated in response to selected inputs and execution conditions.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Functional tests check a particular feature for correctness by comparing the results for a given input against the specification. Functional tests don't concern themselves with intermediate results or side-effects, just the result (they don't care that after doing x, object y has state z). They are written to test part of the specification such as, &quot;calling function Square(x) with the argument of 2 returns 4&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression Testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;A regression test re-runs previous tests against the changed software to ensure that the changes made in the current software do not affect the functionality of the existing software.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression is surely a check against the newly deployed code/or a release deployment happened where we just make sure it has no other impacts (ex: in terms of code, functionalities, output and the behavior of the application) and therefore we ensure that deployment has been smooth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T09:03:34.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23883" CreationDate="2016-11-25T10:24:20.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question that you have asked is very subjective.&#xA;Still here it goes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get some background on what is selenium and its components.&#xA;Components are Selenium RC, Selenium Grid, Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation Testing as almost similar to Development. Hence you will have to become familier with coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do coding in selenium in many languages such as Java, C#, Python. &#xA;Choose one for yourself.&#xA;Once you have select coding language, download its repective IDE and relevent selenium Jar files.&#xA;for example I use Java in Selenium, I use Eclipse as an IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with a very basic program and gradually increase the complexity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it easy to write scripts in selenium?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initially you might find it difficult but with time and practise it will become easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are the best available resources to learn selenium?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tones of resources for selenium. Videos on YouTube. Few are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.seleniumeasy.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.seleniumeasy.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://learn-automation.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T10:24:20.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23895" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23897" CreationDate="2016-11-25T13:41:37.417" Score="3" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;do you know where we can find programs written ir c with just one module preferably, about +-200 lines of code or more to insert some bugs for testing? Programs that have none or very little small interaction so it is more easy to automate the tests? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or do you know some kind of programs written in c that have low interaction with the user and about 200 lines of code? Or if there are already programs with test suites also can be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im asking this, because the programs that I find with low interaction like sorting algorithm and so on are very small for testing, like 20 or 30 lines. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22521" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T14:04:58.487" Title="programs in c for testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-30T12:49:07.730" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23878" CreationDate="2016-11-25T13:56:26.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Be specific enough (but no more) to uniquely select 1 element&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Generally look to css selectors first, for greatest readability.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try using &lt;code&gt;button[type='submit']&lt;/code&gt; for your selector and &lt;code&gt;click&lt;/code&gt; on it, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElement(&quot;button[type='submit']&quot;).click&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if that is not specific enough, scope it to the &lt;code&gt;button&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt; class, examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button.booking[type='submit']&#xA;form button.booking[type='submit']&#xA;form.booking button[type='submit']&#xA;# Allow form to be put anywhere on the page and other forms to exist&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that is not specific enough (the page has two forms with the same name...) you can scope it to the specific occurrence, e.g. for the first occurrence use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;form.booking button.booking[type='submit'][0]`  &#xA;# However this is now tied to page layout if form order is changed&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;but no more&quot; in the title generally means don't hard-code a selector using the surrounding page layout.  It may be unique but it then becomes tied the the page layout and breaks if the layout changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T14:50:58.307" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T14:50:58.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23895" CreationDate="2016-11-25T14:04:58.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rosetta Stone is good place to find it: &lt;a href=&quot;https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:C&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to typical algorithms (sorting, graph, trees), there are some code involving I/O, for instance: &lt;a href=&quot;https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Globally_replace_text_in_several_files#C&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Globally_replace_text_in_several_files#C&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can test each function in isolation, creating mocks and stubs, or end-to-end, asserting various types of outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T14:04:58.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23878" CreationDate="2016-11-25T14:14:04.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend you find the element using xpath and specify index within xpath. So for the button you are referring to, the code with indexed xpath would be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//button[contains(text(),'Book')])[2]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if you wish to avoid indexes, you may write a more specific xpath to find the element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='row roundTripHead' and not(contains(@style,'display: none'))]//button&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above xpath will discard element which has style attribute with value &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;display:none&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T14:14:04.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1674" CreationDate="2016-11-25T14:33:51.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Ruby fan so I can recommend that route.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than Watir and Cucumber I look to directly use Capybara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rubygems.org/gems/capybara&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://rubygems.org/gems/capybara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although commonly used within rails applications, it can be used outside of them too and provides a nice DSL for working with Selenium commands.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For an example see my &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/durrantm/basic_app&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/durrantm/basic_app&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Note how it sets:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Capybara.run_server = false&#xA;Capybara.default_driver = :selenium&#xA;Capybara.app_host = 'http://www.google.com'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the right use of Page Object selectors and helper method you can end up with readable specs such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&#xA;find(p.css_has_license).click&#xA;fill_out_driver p&#xA;fill_in p.css_driver1_age_licensed, with: age_licensed&#xA;select credit_evaluation_option, from: p.css_credit_rating&#xA;select education_level_option, from: p.css_driver1_education&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can probably guess that we're collecting consumer car insurance information on our site!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-25T14:39:19.683" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T14:39:19.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23900" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-25T14:49:24.313" Score="3" ViewCount="1349" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a http page. Can I verify any broken link when a page has no https link and mail address in the page body. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to find the broken link using selenium webdriver in java, when page have multiple https links and mail address in page body ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22623" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-11-26T01:33:51.450" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T18:49:09.483" Title="How to find broken link in Selenium, when a http page have https link and mail address in page body?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18226" CreationDate="2016-11-25T14:56:16.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Communicate in writing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log the (severe) bug ticket, ensure it is reproducible if at all possible.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determine frequency and effect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Immediately inform management using the ticket to track the conversation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inform the testing team so everyone expects it and don't also log duplicates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inform developers who are currently working in the codebase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow-up to ensure the issue and ticket is resolved and the resolution communicated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Analysis of impact will be required throughout the process.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Initially it will need to be done in the order of minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T20:52:47.537" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T20:52:47.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23873" CreationDate="2016-11-25T15:04:27.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If button is the only button on the page with class remove, You can select it using this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var RemoveButton= element(by.css(&quot;.remove&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have more use xpath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var RemoveButton = element(by.xpath(&quot;.//td[@class='four']/button&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22624" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T15:04:27.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23873" CreationDate="2016-11-25T15:18:10.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Find the apple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;by.xpath(&quot;tr//td(@text='apple')&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now get the enclosed td&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;by.xpath(&quot;tr//td(@text='apple')&quot;). &#xA;by.xpath(&quot;td.filters button[@class='remove']&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T15:18:10.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23751" CreationDate="2016-11-25T22:19:03.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with so many questions, the answer is, it depends.  As other people have pointed out, depending on the methodology being used, such as Agile, source code access may be a given, because there isn't supposed to be any difference between test and development.  So, certainly, if you're on an Agile team, yes, you should have access to the source code, you should take part in code reviews, you should commit fixes, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are tradeoffs.  The sort of testing you're talking about is known as white box testing, where the tester has access to the source code, versus black box testing, where they don't.  And agile development is predicated on being able to break everything down into small, consumable parts that are easy for everyone to understand, which is usually possible on a component level, but not on a system level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're doing integration/system/acceptance testing, you're more interested in the behavior of the system as a whole, not on individual functions.  And if you have access to the source code, there's going to be a temptation to test the source code, not the API/spec, which is what's needed.  As an integration/system/acceptance tester, you don't care how individual functions work, and on a code base of any size, you aren't going to be able to understand it all anyway.  What you care about is understanding use cases and expected system behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, as others have said, there are sometimes questions of trust, or legal liability, and so on.  Those are business decisions, not technical ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2016-11-25T22:19:03.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23900" CreationDate="2016-11-26T01:38:21.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you not use this tool instead?&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/check-my-links/ojkcdipcgfaekbeaelaapakgnjflfglf?hl=en-GB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check my links&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want to use Java to detect broken links, below is a suggestion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build your pages using Page Object Model&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify all of your elements that lead to links and the links' URL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In your test, you can write something like, &lt;code&gt;newURL = webdriver.link.click(), assert (newURL == expectedURL);&lt;/code&gt; this way you can know whether a link is broken.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-26T01:38:21.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23781" CreationDate="2016-11-26T02:28:39.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When trying to automate a time sensitive test a common approach is to use a tool to adjust the local time that the test is using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in this case you would record or set a time, then advance the local time 1 hour then observe the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example when using Ruby, a frequent choice is the Timecop Gem:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/travisjeffery/timecop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/travisjeffery/timecop&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-26T02:28:39.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23907" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-26T06:35:13.043" Score="7" ViewCount="257" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any tools or extensions to detect unused steps in Behat?&#xA;We have a huge number of tests code, it is time consuming to check each single step is in-use or not. So I'm thinking if any tools can do that. Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22628" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T23:34:26.090" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T16:01:45.390" Title="Detect unused steps - Behat" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;behat&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18342" CreationDate="2016-11-26T22:07:14.657" Score="6" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Use other elements and attributes for partial and combination matches&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally in these cases of database backed and changing ID's in web element selectors your options are to look for one or more of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a higher level selector such as the &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt; name, e.g. &lt;code&gt;//form/input[@type='submit']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a combo of non-unique selectors that together are unique e.g. &lt;code&gt;//form[@class='new_user']/input[@type='submit']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a data attribute such as &lt;code&gt;form[@data-form='new-user']//input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a partial match using &lt;code&gt;starts-with&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; against &lt;code&gt;post-body-&lt;/code&gt; e.g.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;//div[starts-with(@id,'post-body-')]/div[1]/form[1]/input[1]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T10:49:31.143" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T10:49:31.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23367" CreationDate="2016-11-27T15:14:58.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I look to use css first and for the elements and attributes I try to be as specific as needed without being overly specific and tying myself into page structure.  In this case I would consider using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;success_message=driver.findElement(By.css(&quot;.content-wrapper .callout-success&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;along with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;success_message.contains('the text')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This assumes that you don't have access to change the HTML source.&#xA;If you do have that access I recommend you add semantic markup.  Currently the page markup is mostly about the placement and appearance, e.g. &lt;code&gt;content-wrapper&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;main-sidebar&lt;/code&gt;.  These things will change over time (both in their usage and names) so  I would look to add attributes about the mean of the content, e.g. a &lt;code&gt;div#institutions&lt;/code&gt; tag and a &lt;code&gt;div.feedback_message&lt;/code&gt; tag within it.  Also tag the 'deleted' message itself so you aren't asserting the specific text which may change or be in another language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can do a find and assert that looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertTrue(driver.findElement(By.css(&quot;.institutions .feedback .deleted&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and you can see how readable that is - essentially &quot; institutions feedback  'deleted' &quot; exists, with no need for additional comments and robust against changes in both the future page layout and also the text used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-11-27T15:51:39.413" LastActivityDate="2016-11-27T15:51:39.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23900" CreationDate="2016-11-27T19:03:29.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;Your page on which links are to be verified&quot;);&#xA;// Collect all the links into an element.&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;// For each link check repose code is 200.&#xA;for (WebElement link : links) {&#xA;&#xA;    String value = link.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;);&#xA;    // For each link check response code is 200.      &#xA;    URL myurl = new URL(value);        &#xA;    HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) myurl.openConnection();        &#xA;    connection.setRequestMethod(&quot;HEAD&quot;);         &#xA;    int code = connection.getResponseCode();        &#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(code, 200);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T18:49:09.483" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T18:49:09.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23635" CreationDate="2016-11-28T06:48:52.730" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the following snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; pages= driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;.pager a&quot;));&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); //wait should be initialized outside the loop&#xA;&#xA;for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt; pages.size(); i++) { //loop starts from i = 1 assuming the 0th page is already open.&#xA;    try {&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//span[text()='&quot; + wp_id + &quot;']&quot;)))&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;Path to Edit button/hypertext&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        // if required element is not found a NoSuchElementException will be thrown and we will move on to the next page,&#xA;        // else if the element is found it will be clicked and for loop will be terminated.&#xA;&#xA;        break;&#xA;    } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;        pages.get(i).click(); //move to next page&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T06:48:52.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23916" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-28T06:53:53.920" Score="0" ViewCount="4330" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;D:\\selenium\\New folder\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22637" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T18:07:56.327" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T18:07:56.327" Title="geckodriver with Selenium 3.0 driver.get() dosnt navigate to the URL" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-11-29T12:32:56.817" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23916" CreationDate="2016-11-28T07:21:28.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium recently launched its one of the major release, i.e., Selenium 3 – beta. You can download it from here-&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Download Selenium 3.0-Beta&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this new version, one of the major change is the way Mozilla Firefox Browser is invoked and for that &lt;strong&gt;GeckoDriver&lt;/strong&gt; is necessary for invoking Firefox Browser.&#xA;Gecko Driver can be downloaded from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The minimum version of Mozilla required for Selenium 3 is &lt;strong&gt;Firefox-48 and above.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;c://workspace//libs//geckodriver.exe&quot;); &#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;String url = &quot;http://www.google.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;/* To Maximize the window */&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;/* To delete all the cookies of the browser */&#xA;driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;&#xA;/* To navigate to a particular URL */&#xA;driver.get(url);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will definitely work.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T13:28:57.443" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T13:28:57.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23919" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-28T12:02:01.383" Score="1" ViewCount="290" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium webdriver C#, I had just jumped into test automation without much knowledge on mechanisms behind automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well, I have automated one process for a web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this, i had created a NUnit project in Xamarin studio. I am able to run my test cases only through IDE i.e Xamarin with clicking- Run button.&#xA; This project folder doesn't have any executable file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to have a way through which i can run the testcases through an executable file asking for inputs(if exist) through console(cmd prompt) so that i can give this Automation project to anyone and all they need to run the testcases is just by running an executable file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please can someone guide me to achieve this without having to do any major changes to my existing solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22359" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T20:52:59.700" Title="Running Nunit Project from console" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13943" CreationDate="2016-11-28T12:50:28.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A decision table can help you come up with scenarios to test, but it can't help you decide whether those scenarios need to be tested or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me this question isn't so much about decision tables as it is about asking &quot;What happens if &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; is broken?&quot;. If the cooling control stops working, what happens? If the blower stops working, what happens? If the air conditioner unit starts blowing heat instead of cold, what happens?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can we think of any conditions where we would need to signal for a repair technician, trigger a fire alarm, or some other notification? How urgent is the notification? Will work have to stop because it's too hot, losing the business money, or will there simply be staff complaints to deal with?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you identify the possible breakdowns in the system and the consequences for each, the decision to test for a particular scenario should be quite clear. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T12:50:28.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23916" CreationDate="2016-11-28T16:57:56.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your using eclipse try switching the \\ to // in your path to the geckodriver. You also need to change the string inside the &lt;code&gt;setProperty&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;webdriver.gecko.driver&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;D://selenium//New folder//geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also make sure that you have the correct version of firefox for the geckodriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22645" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T13:29:10.280" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T13:29:10.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23923" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-28T17:27:02.187" Score="1" ViewCount="2094" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate the process of downloading a file through an online tool. I am using Selenium 3.0.1, and new to it. What am i trying to do? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Move to specific element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From there, Find the element which I need to double click&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am struggling to finding the element. I've done quite a bit of googling but still unable to find the element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the front end(I don't know how to copy past the html directly):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7BkbD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7BkbD.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to get to the &lt;code&gt;div ext:tree-node-id=&quot;xnode-520&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (second last line in the picture) I want to get there but I'm unable to, I'm not sure if the unselectable=&quot;on&quot; attribute is effecting that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Main {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    String exePath = &quot;C://Users//user1//Documents//chromedriver.exe&quot;;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, exePath);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;website url&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;u9&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;u9&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-gen24&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement findElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-gen277&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement findElement2 = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ext-gen278&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    action.moveToElement(findElement);&#xA;    action.moveToElement(findElement2);&#xA;&#xA;    String genXPath= &quot;//div[@tree-node-id='xnode-520']&quot;;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(genXPath)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I left the website url generic for privacy purpose.&#xA;I haven't really used the Actions class that much at all.&#xA;I'm relatively new to this and I'm unaware of this dynamic front end. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: The exception that is being thrown is that the element is not clickable at point..Other element would receive the click&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT #2: Well this seems even more complicated the id numbers are changing everytime the page loads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22645" LastEditorUserId="22645" LastEditDate="2016-11-28T18:26:49.233" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T13:20:29.750" Title="Unable to find element with tree-node-id" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium-rc&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23591" CreationDate="2016-11-28T18:36:54.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like it should be fixed in the next geckodriver version.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For more details &lt;a href=&quot;https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1103196&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22649" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T05:29:39.027" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T05:29:39.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23926" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23928" CreationDate="2016-11-28T20:48:17.983" Score="3" ViewCount="1428" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to make selenium take the information that is in the console for my IDE and to save it as a dynamic file instead of it being overwritten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is currently what I use to find the console log which works well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);&#xA; for (LogEntry entry : logEntries) {&#xA;     System.out.println(new Date(entry.getTimestamp()) + &quot; &quot; + entry.getLevel() + &quot; &quot; + entry.getMessage());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My IDE then saves the output to a file. However, I was wondering if there was some way to just take the information from the console into a new file each time? I've done this with screenshots, but not too sure about the console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T21:37:38.393" Title="Selenium Console Output" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23923" CreationDate="2016-11-28T21:29:06.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the structure of the HTML does not change, a simple CSS selector can be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.cssSelector(&quot;div.xpanel ul.x-tree-root-ct li.tree-node div.x-tree-node-el&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will select the first element of the tree. If you need to select other element - let's say - the third one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; By.cssSelector(&quot;div.xpanel ul.x-tree-root-ct li.tree-node:nth-of-type(3) div.x-tree-node-el&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the nth-of-type option and a bit of string concatenation, you can easily select dynamically any element of the tree. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T03:30:39.717" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T03:30:39.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23926" CreationDate="2016-11-28T21:37:38.393" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One thing that could facilitate an answer is to know what is your IDE and if you can configure this behavior of saving in a file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering you can programmatically set configurations of the name of this output file, to make it unique, you could append the time since epoch to its base name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import time&#xA;sec_epoch = int(time.time())&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Date.getTime()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can not configure the output file name, you could execute your commands from the terminal and save the content to a file using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-script-output/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;redirection&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T21:37:38.393" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23113" CreationDate="2016-11-28T21:47:07.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that what you would need is a framework that will support this testing.  Take a look at BDDfire, which is a framework that can incorporate a lot of what you are asking for.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Shashikant86/bddfire&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Shashikant86/bddfire&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21858" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T21:47:07.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23113" CreationDate="2016-11-28T21:54:16.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are willing to knit together multiple tools to cover all of the testing types from one &quot;interface&quot;, you could look at cucumber.  I have not used it extensively, but I do know that it integrates with both Selenium and Watir, and I believe SoapUI/TestNG.  If you are looking to integrate with windows application testing, we would have to do some research...  (I will get there sooner or later, being in that sphere of testing at this time..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The caveat of course is that the test case format is both a blessing and a curse.  It's designed to be something where EVERYONE from product management, to development to Quality assurance to users can look at the test case and know what it means and discuss it on even footing.  If you get everyone to the table, the verboseness and extra level of abstraction pays off.  If you are writing Gerkin for yourself as a QA, it's an extra level of stuff to design before you get to writing test automation.  But if you do it right, derived test cases do become easy to write/implement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are java, ruby (the original) and visual studio flavors as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22650" LastActivityDate="2016-11-28T21:54:16.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23936" CreationDate="2016-11-28T23:02:37.910" Score="1" ViewCount="3205" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating a jmeter test that does an HTTP request and after a certain amount needs to run a clean up HTTP request. How can I accomplish something like this is jmeter? Currently I have a HTTP request and  I would like to implement something where after 10 HTTP requests of the first POST I run this cleanup request to remove a dependency that the first one has.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;POST request #1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follow step 1 - 9 more times&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;POST request #2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to be able to run 100 concurrent users doing this, any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T07:23:34.257" Title="Running an HTTP request after a few HTTP requests have completed" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23932" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23941" CreationDate="2016-11-29T04:13:41.287" Score="16" ViewCount="5272" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our organization, we are implementing Agile. Right now, we start with the test as soon as we receive stories and never go for the test cases. We test the stories on the basis of acceptance criteria. My question is: do we write test cases in a real agile process? If yes, when?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:22:56.777" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:23:10.780" Title="Do we use/need test cases in Agile?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T05:35:58.587" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, in agile we do need test cases. Based on stories, we create test scenarios, and based on test scenarios, we create test cases. Because at the end of the sprint, we have to perform our test closure activities, where we want to show our test artifacts (test cases and test scenarios).&#xA;So answer is &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt;, and it should start as soon as you get the stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T16:08:54.933" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T16:08:54.933" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T05:37:42.620" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you have test cases, but you call them the acceptance criteria. No one really cares about the test cases until something goes wrong and then people will want to know exactly what was tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a spec then you can write some tests. After you have a build to test against you will probably think of some other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T05:37:42.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T05:43:35.480" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Agile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Understand, Agile is methodology which defines the ways and activities to be carried out for software development&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It does not eliminate the core step of development and testing process&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Surely it will add more productivity through less hurdle in traditional process and interlinkage of each step to other&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Due to interlinkage one will work and dependent needs to wait for the completion of other&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do we use/need test cases in Agile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Definitely yes, We need test cases in agile too&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agile known for parallel implementation and execution between team and tasks&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When to write test cases in Agile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once finalized specifications for particular change/feature, Development team start writing code to implement. This is the time when you need to start writing test cases and brain storming to note and identify end use scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You should be ready with all test cases before when development team share build to test&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T06:20:59.850" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T06:20:59.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23931" CreationDate="2016-11-29T07:23:34.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use controllers to fulfill your requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple Controller&lt;/strong&gt; (POST request #1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Loop Controller&lt;/strong&gt; (Follow up requests) define # of times you want to execute inside loop controller&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple Controller&lt;/strong&gt; (Post request #2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know in case you need help on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T07:23:34.257" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-29T08:22:58.540" Score="1" ViewCount="213" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following a problem I had with TLS connection I found out that when a WebTest is located inside a folder it wont use the custom WebTestPlugin that is set in the WebTest.&#xA;Is there a fix for this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using VS2013&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2018-12-20T04:06:11.297" Title="WebTest Plugin not used when the Webtests are in a folder" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;web-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23937" CreationDate="2016-11-29T08:49:17.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding the DLL the plugin is compiled in (In my case the same project as the WebTest) to the TestSettings deployment will solve the issue and the WebTest will be able to use the custom plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T08:49:17.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T09:39:02.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile or any other methodologies, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tester must have to test, so tester needs to write the test cases.&#xA;For regression  in the next sprints, it is necessary having the cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now When Tester will write the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After requirement analysis/design the implementation/coding will be started.&#xA;During this time the person who is responsible for testing or any of the member the agile team can start writing the cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22656" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T09:39:02.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9098" CreationDate="2016-11-29T10:06:44.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#E1E1E1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;queryCriteria&quot;&amp;gt;Quick Dates: &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;queryCriteria&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;createdQuickDate_Customers&quot; name=&quot;createdQuickDate&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option selected=&quot;&quot; value=&quot;none&quot;&amp;gt;Select Date&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;today&quot;&amp;gt;Today&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;yesterday&quot;&amp;gt;Yesterday&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;currentWeek&quot;&amp;gt;Current Week&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;currentMonth&quot;&amp;gt;Current Month&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;lastWeek&quot;&amp;gt;Last Week&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;lastMonth&quot;&amp;gt;Last Month&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;queryCriteria&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;queryCriteria&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;queryCriteria&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for above HTML code finding xpath of Today dropdown:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Element    &lt;code&gt;xpath=//select[@name=&quot;createdQuickDate&quot;]/option[@value='today']&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select From List    &lt;code&gt;xpath=//select[@name=&quot;createdQuickDate&quot;]/option[@value='today']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22658" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T11:18:24.047" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T11:18:24.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T12:18:45.403" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you do and maybe you don't. First determine what you want to accomplish, then decide on how you are going to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blanket statements saying YES or NO are useless. It really depends on the project, people, company and expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is that if test cases help in actual testing, then yes, write them. If they are written 'just because', then that is not Agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:23:10.780" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:23:10.780" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T13:08:24.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree that it depends on the project but in most cases the answer is &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Yes&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; due to the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to understand how exactly you will check acceptance criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While creating test cases you will think about use cases and ask questions that might help to find flaws in documentation and save both development and testing time, especially, if you start writing cases as soon as stories are ready. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the end of the sprint having a set of test cases in &quot;Passed&quot; state will reduce team anxiety about release quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When things go south after release, test cases will help you to understand what areas should be covered better (and provide you some protection in post release blaming game)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In case of lack of documentation your test cases might become a reference about how this feature X developed 6 sprints ago should really work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In any case you will need some reference to regression testing whether it is done manually or (preferably) automatically. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I suppose I understand what lies behind your question. Usually, in Agile teams you have less time to create detailed test cases than you would prefer, so it seems a lucrative idea to cut some corners and save time on writing them. My experience tells me that you will eventually come back to writing at least some form of test cases, so it's better to start earlier. If release schedule is tight you can create checklists containing minimum data required for you or other people familiar with the project to test the story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check use case X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if Y?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't forget about possibility of Z&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15051" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T13:08:24.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23943" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23948" CreationDate="2016-11-29T13:20:42.753" Score="7" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your company is started building a new product and they are hired you as a Sr. QA position for this new product.&#xA;As of the companies expectation you have to work on both manual and automation (Selenium).&#xA;Some other team members are also working with you, but they don't have automation knowledge. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;As a Sr.QA you have to start from initial level-starting from deciding framework, writing script, executing, reporting and also creation of manual test cases, test scenarios.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;His &lt;strong&gt;company follows agile software development process&lt;/strong&gt;. Then how he could start his work for both manual and automation. &lt;strong&gt;Shall he start writing selenium script at initial level or first manual and then Selenium?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Any suggestions would be appreciated?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T05:16:20.240" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T05:16:20.240" Title="Which testing process will be good to start building a new product?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-12-06T11:38:20.080" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23944" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-29T13:41:17.870" Score="1" ViewCount="1680" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a web page under Test, where youtube video is embed in iframe of page. How can I automate the youtube embed video in Iframe by Selenium webdriver(java)?&#xA;I have switched to iframe.Later how can I interact with video ,can not understand that ,Any suggestion?Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22623" LastEditorUserId="22623" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T13:47:09.990" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T05:13:31.810" Title="Automate embed youtube video in webpage using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-11-30T05:54:17.317" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23945" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-29T15:09:53.170" Score="1" ViewCount="410" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium for data entry there are some drop downs in my web page I use &lt;code&gt;dropDown.selectByVisibleText(input.getCellData(i, 0));&lt;/code&gt;   for every one but after first drop down it is not working because there a javascript call in on change so my next drop down is not display any data. Please give me a better solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I found in my java code, there use a jason array and my selenium may be not able to read comma so when we go to second dropdown value is not found is this possible, if yes please give me a solution)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22666" LastEditorUserId="22666" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T05:34:37.033" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T05:34:37.033" Title="how to use javascript in selenium for get data from excel" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T15:10:56.890" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you need Test Cases in an agile development environment. The question is 'what are test cases?'. If you're thinking of line-by-line prescriptive cases then I very much doubt it. If you mean more like heuristics and key examples of behaviour then I very much expect so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Likely it'll be a combination. Some cases might be prescriptive to address legal/financial audit requirements and 'prove' testing happened, others will be more like guidelines that provide examples to follow for lower risk areas and ensure test coverage, others might be no more than a mind-map for exploratory testing sessions. Many more will hopefully be automated (Test Scripts) for execution against the CI builds. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever Test Case artefact you're it should help you ship quality software, help provide the needed level of clarity/understanding/definition that's needed to build and ship software. If it doesn't and you're making them out of habit, you're likely slipping into a more heavyweight approach as opposed to an agile one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22665" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T15:10:56.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T15:53:02.293" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do we need test cases in Agile ?  Yes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do we need test cases in Waterfall ? Yes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is the difference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key difference is that in Agile you need the most simple possible test case.  This often referred to as an example rather than a specification.  You then use this example to develop that functionality, get it into production, get feedback from real users and then put together the next simple small example piece of functionality and repeat the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is different from Waterfall where you try and develop the full and complete specification up-front.  The actual implementation is then just writing the software and tests that will reflect and implement that functionality,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T15:53:02.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23943" CreationDate="2016-11-29T16:09:57.260" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it would be good to start of with Manual and then from there you can maybe start seeing patterns and see which tests can rather be automated. Unless you really know the test cases and scenarios well before hand really well then you can even start with Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22645" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T16:09:57.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23950" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23943" CreationDate="2016-11-29T16:31:19.157" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In an Agile project you will need multiple levels of test-automation from the start. Adding testing later will not happen, or you will lag behind, often leading to un-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refactorable&lt;/a&gt; code. You need tests to let the code adapt to new requirements. These tests need to be automated, because refactoring with manual tests is so slow that noone will want todo it. Refactoring is a (primairy) design skill of Agile developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These levels of test-automation are described in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Pyramid&lt;/a&gt;. Add atleast one test in each level. This way you make sure the product is written testable. Agile teams are &lt;em&gt;crossfunctional without disciplines&lt;/em&gt; this means everyone on the team should be able to write automated tests. If they can't teach them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always like to quote &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Less.works about technical excelence&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Organizational Agility is constrained by Technical Agility&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In other words, when you are slow in making changes to your product,&#xA;  then it doesn’t matter how you structure your teams, your organization&#xA;  or what framework you adopt, you will be slow to respond to changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile is more than a process, its a mindset that is driven by tests. Practising technical excelence is VERY important if you want to be truly Agile. To quote &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Agile manifesto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Continuous attention to technical excellence  and good design enhances&#xA;  agility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my perspective the only manual testing that is done during an itteration in an Agile team is exploratory testing (which should lead to more automated tests if needed), usability testing or tests that have extreme costs to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe there is a user-acceptance stage, but preferable you do a continuous deployment strategy. Meaning all code should be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilenutshell.com/production_readiness&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;production ready&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need users to test new incomplete features have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/FeatureToggle.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;feature toggles&lt;/a&gt; instead of a seperate testing environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads that I think are relevant to your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/agile-tester-30&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/agile-tester-30&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.xebia.com/are-testers-still-relevant/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.xebia.com/are-testers-still-relevant/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-11-29T16:55:18.243" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T16:55:18.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23919" CreationDate="2016-11-29T20:52:59.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look at the documentation on NUnits site located here &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=consoleCommandLine&amp;amp;r=2.2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nunit Console Command Line&lt;/a&gt; you should be able to run any tests you have created without making any drastic changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T20:52:59.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-29T21:02:40.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test cases are considered so useful in Agile, that a number of methodologies consider it a fundamental part of the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_test%E2%80%93driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_test%E2%80%93driven_development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_by_example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specification_by_example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22679" LastActivityDate="2016-11-29T21:02:40.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23878" CreationDate="2016-11-30T04:02:50.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please use the index to find the particular element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//*[text()='Book'])[1]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22371" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-30T04:55:04.620" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T04:55:04.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23367" CreationDate="2016-11-30T04:15:18.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can verify your success message using assert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEqual(Actual message, Expected Message);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertTrue(Expected Message.isDisplayed);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22371" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-11-30T09:00:17.977" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T09:00:17.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23960" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-30T05:01:11.110" Score="0" ViewCount="1947" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Error: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. (Original error: unknown error: Device emulator-5554 is not online&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im getting above error when at the middle of the test steps.&#xA;Im with Appium, C# on android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one give me a properer solution for above error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T13:27:10.223" LastActivityDate="2021-04-05T14:03:40.393" Title="Device emulator-5554 is not online - while executing my appium code on android emulator" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23961" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-30T05:06:20.607" Score="2" ViewCount="5791" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium webdriver, maven for dependency and java lanaguage and I'm following page object design pattern. This is my first time I am using maven. I am automating a login page. Here browser should be open but the username and password can't be automate.. Here is the code..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageobjects;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 29/11/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class HomePage {&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.NAME, using = &quot;username&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement username;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using = &quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement password;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH, using=&quot;//*[@id=\'login-container\']/form/div[3]/div/p/input[1]&quot; )&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;&#xA;    //enter  username&#xA;    public void  setUsername(String user)&#xA;    {&#xA;        username.sendKeys(user);&#xA;    }&#xA;    //enter password&#xA;    public void setPassword(String pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        password.sendKeys(pass);&#xA;    }&#xA;    //click login&#xA;    public void clickButton()&#xA;    {&#xA;        button.submit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps:&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package steps;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by srikanth on 20/11/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class LoginSteps {&#xA;&#xA;    public HomePage Login(String name, String pwd) {&#xA;        HomePage homePageObj = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver, HomePage.class);&#xA;        homePageObj.setUsername(name);&#xA;        homePageObj.setPassword(pwd);&#xA;&#xA;        homePageObj.clickButton();&#xA;&#xA;        return homePageObj;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Login:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package login;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;public class loginTest&#xA;{&#xA;    @BeforeSuite(groups = {&quot;regression&quot;})&#xA;    public void initDriver(){&#xA;        DriverManager manager = new DriverManager();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@Test &#xA;@Parameters({&quot;userName&quot;,&quot;password&quot;})&#xA;    public void verifyValidLogintoSpree(String name, String pwd)&#xA;    {&#xA;        LoginSteps loginSteps = new LoginSteps();&#xA;       HomePage expected_message=loginSteps.Login(name,pwd);&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expected_message,&quot;MY ACCOUNT&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestNG config:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testng.xml&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Regression&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;userName&quot; value=&quot;geosony&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;password&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;test name=&quot;regression&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;groups&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;run&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include name=&quot;regression&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;exclude name=&quot;sanity&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/run&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/groups&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;class name=&quot;login.loginTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error  :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.testng.TestNGException:  Parameter 'userName' is required by @Test&#xA;  on method verifyValidLogintoSpree but has not been marked @Optional or&#xA;  defined in&#xA;  /home/naveen/.IdeaIC2016.2/system/temp-testng-customsuite.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Parameters.createParameters(Parameters.java:156)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Parameters.createParameters(Parameters.java:370)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Parameters.handleParameters(Parameters.java:495)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.handleParameters(Invoker.java:1253)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.createParameters(Invoker.java:980)   at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1070)  at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:753)    at&#xA;  org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:607)    at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:368)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:363)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:321)   at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:270)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)   at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1284)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1209)  at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1124)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1096)   at&#xA;  org.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:72)     at&#xA;  org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:124)     at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)     at&#xA;  com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Default Suite Total tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;Process finished with exit code 0&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:57:07.210" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T13:26:39.667" Title="TestNG cannot find parameter for test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="18" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23944" CreationDate="2016-11-30T05:13:31.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are in the correct path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to the iframe.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locate the element where it hold the youtube video.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the height and width of the element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the time if there are no any video available the height and width should be differ from the height and width when you have a youtube video.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So assert the height and width.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T05:13:31.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23961" CreationDate="2016-11-30T06:39:43.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may try with following changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageobjects;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;&#xA;public class HomePage {&#xA;    @FindBy(name=&quot;username&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement u_Name;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(name=&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement passwd;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(xpath=&quot;//*[@id=\'login-container\']/form/div[3]/div/p/input[1]&quot; )&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;&#xA;    //User Login&#xA;    public void  userLogin(String user, String pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        u_Name.sendKeys(user);&#xA;        passwd.sendKeys(pass);&#xA;        button.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use your rest of the code and execute....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T06:39:43.173" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22525" CreationDate="2016-11-30T06:43:47.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is good to have the Actual result in the bug report as it gives the clear picture to the developer that what is actually happening..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the basis of this developer can make the judgement regarding the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover in manual testing Bug report plays a major role so more details give more clear picture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18378" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T06:43:47.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18039" CreationDate="2016-11-30T07:57:21.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interruption Testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Interrupt testing takes into account the disturbances caused of interruptions and suggests practical solutions to keep the user experience smooth throughout the use cycle of the application. Ideally, in case of an interruption the application that is interrupted should enter a suspended state and restart as soon as the interruption ends. But before we get into that lets start by understanding what goes wrong with an interruption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What’s the problem with interruptions within a mobile application?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;For the purpose of illustration let’s imagine that you are using your mobile phone to record your baby’s first steps and just when the baby was off his feet your mobile goes into automatic screen lock!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, the camera app should prevent the screen from going into lock when it is in use. But sadly, that is not the case. Similar irritating instances arise when you are recording a meeting in progress and then suddenly the screen locks off closing the voice recorder app along with it. Text messages or mails during a game spoils the fun of the game.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here are a few very common interruptions that people deal with every day:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incoming and outgoing SMS/MMS/calls&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incoming notifications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Battery/cable insertion and removal for better uses&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Network outage and recovery&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Switch off/switch on of the media player and other connecting devices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Low memory warning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below Few expected behavior in case of interruptions occurred in mobile:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Run in background:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;For example: A phone call/Facetime that you attend while you are reading a digital book on iBooks(or similar application). When the user answers a phone, iBooks waits until it is done and then resumes when the call ends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Show alert. Alert disappears, and you work as usual.&lt;/strong&gt; 'SMS received'-&#xA;messages appear in the header. The user don't bother about it and continue working with the application as normal. Other mobile app alerts, such as a new friend request on Facebook or WhatsApp message, also fall into this category. But if the user decides to read the message, the behavior described in Point 1 is followed. If ignored, the application's state is unchanged.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some specific scenarios for application using network :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1]Connect to network but remove LAN connection from router so device can sense wifi state on device but cannot connect to internet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2]Connection via VPN and VPN disconnected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario for Application using services :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1]Kill service by clicking on recent button and swiping the application right to kill app and services&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2]Kill app using third party App killer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3]Kill specific services from Settings-&gt;Manage Applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testers can simulate a lot of these situations and suggest how the app should behave and also the best ways to circumvent interruptions. While some events can be emulated, most need real device testing. Interrupt testing helps in understanding key external factors which causes disruptions and find great ways to keep user experience seamless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual testers check for several usability, compatibility and performance issues. Unfortunately interrupt testing isn’t as common a procedure as it should be. Only the very best software development companies have this in their scheme of things. It is necessary that all interruption scenarios be tested during an application development lifetime on priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="18010" LastEditDate="2016-11-30T10:14:45.880" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T10:14:45.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23961" CreationDate="2016-11-30T08:24:28.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have the wrong location and a syntax error with the parameters in the testng.xml, replace the &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;/&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have: &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;userName&quot; value=&quot;xt@xt.com&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should be: &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;userName&quot; value=&quot;xt@xt.com&quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in the documentation it is placed outside of the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;test&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and inside the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Atleast according to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters-testng-xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG documentation about parameters&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;My suite&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;first-name&quot;  value=&quot;Cedric&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Simple example&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;-- ... --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure about this, but if you run your test directly in the IDE it might not use the testng.xml. Can you try and run from the commandline with maven? Maybe also look at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32658391/parameter-name-is-required-by-test-on-method-parametertest-but-has-not-been-m&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32658391/parameter-name-is-required-by-test-on-method-parametertest-but-has-not-been-m&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T09:16:18.260" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23575" CreationDate="2016-11-30T10:25:04.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using android studio, here's how you check for memory leaks these days: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/studio/profile/investigate-ram.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developer.android.com/studio/profile/investigate-ram.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Start your app on a connected device or emulator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Select View &gt; Tool Windows &gt; Android Monitor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;In the upper-left corner of Android Monitor, select the Monitors tab.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may need to connect your device to your PC and run the application in debug mode. That means you will need to check out the source code as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22690" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-11-30T10:29:22.117" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T10:29:22.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24015" CreationDate="2016-11-30T10:29:19.027" Score="3" ViewCount="848" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium with maven and java language. I'm following page object design pattern. I tried so many times same error came. Anybody please correct this..&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here is the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;html code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;ul id=&quot;leftMenu&quot; class=&quot;clearfix&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;li class=&quot;topmenu ltopmenu-display-event&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;http://qmsadm.local/dashboard&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;ico fa fa-fw&#xA; fa-dashboard                                                          &#xA; &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;Dashboard&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;topmenu&#xA; ltopmenu-display-event&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;ico&#xA; fa fa-fw fa-globe                                                     &#xA; &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;Admin&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a&#xA; href=&quot;http://qmsadm.local/admin/users&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;ico fa fa-fw&#xA; fa-users                                                              &#xA; &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;Users&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a&#xA; href=&quot;http://qmsadm.local/admin/roles&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;ico fa fa-fw&#xA; fa-user-md&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PageObjects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageobjects;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 29/11/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class ClientPage {&#xA;    //add client&#xA;    @FindBy(linkText=&quot;Admin&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement admin;&#xA;    @FindBy(linkText=&quot;Clients&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement clients;&#xA;    @FindBy(how = How.XPATH, using = &quot;//*[@id=\'search-container\']/a/i&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement addClient;&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.ID, using= &quot;name&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement name;&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.ID, using= &quot;group_id&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement group_dropdown;&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.ID, using= &quot;address&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement address;&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.ID,using= &quot;status&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement status_dropdown;&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.ID, using= &quot;lat&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement lat;&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.ID, using= &quot;lang&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement lang;&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.CLASS_NAME, using= &quot;btn-primary&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement buton;&#xA;&#xA;    //click on admin&#xA;    public void clickOnAdmin()&#xA;    {&#xA;        admin.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void clickOnClients(){clients.click();}&#xA;    public void clickOnAddClient()&#xA;    {&#xA;        addClient.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void clickOnName(String nam)&#xA;    {&#xA;        name.sendKeys(nam);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void select_List(String grpid)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Select group_id=new Select(group_dropdown);&#xA;        group_id.selectByVisibleText(grpid);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void enterAddress(String add)&#xA;    {&#xA;        address.sendKeys(add);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void select_status(String stat)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Select status=new Select(status_dropdown);&#xA;        status.selectByVisibleText(stat);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void enter_Lat(String l)&#xA;    {&#xA;        lat.sendKeys(l);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void enter_long(String lng)&#xA;    {&#xA;        lang.sendKeys(lng);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void clickOnSubmit()&#xA;    {&#xA;        buton.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package steps;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import pageobjects.ClientPage;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 30/11/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class clientsteps {&#xA;    public ClientPage Login(String nam, String grp, String add, String st, String lat, String log)&#xA;    {&#xA;        ClientPage clientPageObj = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver,ClientPage.class);&#xA;        clientPageObj.clickOnAdmin();&#xA;        clientPageObj.clickOnClients();&#xA;        clientPageObj.clickOnAddClient();&#xA;        clientPageObj.clickOnName(nam);&#xA;        clientPageObj.select_List(grp);&#xA;        clientPageObj.enterAddress(add);&#xA;        clientPageObj.select_status(st);&#xA;        clientPageObj.enter_Lat(lat);&#xA;        clientPageObj.enter_long(log);&#xA;        clientPageObj.clickOnSubmit();&#xA;        return clientPageObj;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Client:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package client;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;&#xA;import pageobjects.ClientPage;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;import steps.clientsteps;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import static util.DriverManager.driver;&#xA;&#xA;public class clientTest&#xA;{&#xA;    @BeforeSuite(groups = {&quot;regression&quot;})&#xA;    public void initDriver(){&#xA;        DriverManager manager = new DriverManager();&#xA;    }&#xA;    @AfterSuite&#xA;    public void verifyValidLogintoSpree() {&#xA;        LoginSteps loginSteps = new LoginSteps();&#xA;        HomePage expected_message = loginSteps.Login(&quot;geosony&quot;, &quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void verifyValidLoginWithDataProvider()&#xA;    {&#xA;        clientsteps log= new clientsteps();&#xA;        ClientPage ex = log.Login(&quot;guru99&quot;,&quot;Test Group&quot;,&quot;ekm&quot;,&quot;active&quot;,&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;);&#xA;        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;testng.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Regression&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;userName&quot; value=&quot;geosony&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;password&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;regression&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groups&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;run&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;include name=&quot;regression&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;exclude name=&quot;sanity&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/run&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/groups&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;login.loginTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;client.clientTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Console Error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/java -ea&#xA;    -Didea.launcher.port=7536 &#xA;    -Didea.launcher.bin.path=/home/naveen/idea-IC-162.2228.15/bin &#xA;    -Didea.testng.sm_runner &#xA;    -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 &#xA;    -classpath /home/naveen/idea-IC-162.2228.15/lib/idea_rt.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/idea-IC-162.2228.15/plugins/testng/lib/testng-plugin.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/charsets.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/cldrdata.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/dnsns.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/icedtea-sound.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/jaccess.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/localedata.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/nashorn.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/sunec.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/sunjce_provider.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/sunpkcs11.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext/zipfs.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/jce.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/jsse.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/management-agent.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/resources.jar:&#xA;      /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/rt.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberTestCase/target/test-classes;&#xA;      /home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberTestCase/target/classes;&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-java/3.0.1/selenium-java-3.0.1.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-chrome-driver/3.0.1/selenium-chrome-driver-3.0.1.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-remote-driver/3.0.1/selenium-remote-driver-3.0.1.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-api/3.0.1/selenium-api-3.0.1.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/cglib/cglib-nodep/3.2.4/cglib-nodep-3.2.4.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/org/apache/commons/commons-exec/1.3/commons-exec-1.3.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/com/google/code/gson/gson/2.3.1/gson-2.3.1.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/com/google/guava/guava/19.0/guava-19.0.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/net/java/dev/jna/jna-platform/4.1.0/jna-platform-4.1.0.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/net/java/dev/jna/jna/4.1.0/jna-4.1.0.jar:&#xA;      /home/naveen/.m2/repository/org/seleniumhq/selenium/selenium-edge-driver/3.0.1/selenium-edge-driver-3.0.1.jar:&#xA;    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&#xA;/home/naveen/.IdeaIC2016.2/system/temp-testng-customsuite.xml Dec 02,&#xA;2016 11:20:18 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake&#xA;createSession INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's&#xA;Law holds true on the remote end Dec 02, 2016 11:20:18 AM&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession INFO:&#xA;Detected dialect: OSS org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException:&#xA;Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;link text&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Admin&quot;}&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 73 milliseconds For documentation on this&#xA;error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html Build info:&#xA;version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:49:13&#xA;-0700' System info: host: 'naveen-Inspiron-3542', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-47-generic',&#xA;java.version: '1.8.0_111' Driver info:&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver Capabilities&#xA;[{applicationCacheEnabled=true, rotatable=false, handlesAlerts=true,&#xA;databaseEnabled=true, version=45.0, platform=LINUX,&#xA;nativeEvents=false, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true,&#xA;locationContextEnabled=true, browserName=firefox,&#xA;takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true,&#xA;cssSelectorsEnabled=true}] Session ID:&#xA;9912e0b3-f2fe-4c4e-b85c-b91c97016e2c&#xA;*** Element info: {Using=link text, value=Admin} at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:216)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:168)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:635)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:368)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByLinkText(RemoteWebDriver.java:425)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByLinkText.findElement(By.java:246) at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:360)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.DefaultElementLocator.findElement(DefaultElementLocator.java:69)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.internal.LocatingElementHandler.invoke(LocatingElementHandler.java:38)&#xA;at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy6.click(Unknown Source) at pageobjects.ClientPage.clickOnAdmin(ClientPage.java:37) at steps.clientsteps.Valid(clientsteps.java:14) &#xA;at client.clientTest.verifyValidLoginWithDataProvider(clientTest.java:31)&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:100)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:646) at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:811) at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1137) at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:753) at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:607) at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:368) &#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:363) at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:321) at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:270) &#xA;at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52) at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86) &#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1284) at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1209) at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1124) &#xA;at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1096) at org.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:72) at org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:124) &#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to&#xA;locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;link text&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;Admin&quot;} For&#xA;documentation on this error, please visit:&#xA;http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html Build info:&#xA;version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:49:13&#xA;-0700' System info: host: 'naveen-Inspiron-3542', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-47-generic',&#xA;java.version: '1.8.0_111' Driver info: driver.version: unknown at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_(file:///tmp/anonymous2341135334492972632webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:11187)&#xA;at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElement(file:///tmp/anonymous2341135334492972632webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/driver-component.js:11196)&#xA;at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h(file:///tmp/anonymous2341135334492972632webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12705)&#xA;at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_(file:///tmp/anonymous2341135334492972632webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12710)&#xA;at &amp;lt;anonymous class&amp;gt;.DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/&amp;lt;(file:///tmp/anonymous2341135334492972632webdriver-profile/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12652)&#xA;&#xA;=============================================== Default Suite Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Process finished with exit code 0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2020-01-28T12:56:08.633" LastActivityDate="2020-01-28T12:56:08.633" Title="Unable to find the locator" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="17" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="23971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23961" CreationDate="2016-11-30T10:51:35.193" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you select a single test and run it TestNG creates a custom testng file (temp-testng-customsuite.xml in your case, see the exception). If you want to pass parameters to test from testng you should either run it as suite or you have to specify your xml as standard xml template (if you are using eclipse). If you are running the test using maven, add the following codes in &lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.19.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- TestNG suite XML files --&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;testng.xml&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16954" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T13:26:39.667" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T13:26:39.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18240" CreationDate="2016-11-30T11:02:23.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding It is look like some charts or report related application page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try with following approach :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Make BVT / Smoke scenarios :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First determine the smoke scenarios (which &lt;strong&gt;configuration is mostly used by client&lt;/strong&gt; ) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask help from &lt;strong&gt;Domain specific person / Product Owner / Experience tester&lt;/strong&gt; in same product. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make some test cases with &lt;strong&gt;only check single value in all the filters&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Write test case related to only one component :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Most of time development team use &lt;strong&gt;single code or component for all&lt;/strong&gt; type of filter and other common development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;So just make &lt;strong&gt;single test case&lt;/strong&gt; which check only any one component with &lt;strong&gt;all scenarios&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Use tool for test case generation :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use following tool&lt;/strong&gt; to generate category based testcases. &lt;a href=&quot;https://testcasegenerator.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Case Generation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here test case cover &lt;strong&gt;each and every single scenario&lt;/strong&gt; with all fields and all values as well.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Use automation :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;After some extent of testing it would be &lt;strong&gt;very tedious task&lt;/strong&gt; to check all scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;strong&gt;automate this scenarios&lt;/strong&gt; for less risk of any component.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T11:02:23.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-30T12:40:55.680" Score="2" ViewCount="192" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is performance under load graph (each virtual user performs the same set of operations/transactions):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q1Cah.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q1Cah.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From 5th minute (about 30 Vusers) number of transactions stops to grow (but number of users continues growing). Transaction response time increases from that moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to prove that the transaction time increases because of server limitations but not because of network bandwidth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I made this test from 3 machines with 90 users (30 users/PC) and with 60 users (20 users/PC). The breaking point was the same  - 30 users overall. Is it sufficient technique to prove that limitation is on the server side?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is supposed that 20 users (on each machine) does not exceed (hypothetical) channel bandwidth limit of 30 users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-11-30T12:48:32.353" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T01:14:17.570" Title="Performance under load graph analysis: network or server limitations?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23869" CreationDate="2016-11-30T13:37:39.930" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Make it easy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build frameworks which Mock and Stub out portions of the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up examples&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use frameworks which allow reuse for integration testing (BDD frameworks work well here)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Make it beneficial for the Developer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use new technology&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Treat it as an R&amp;amp;D project&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Allow Developers to use the test classes as areas to expand their skills&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Make it fun&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do challenges&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have group sessions/knowledge transfers&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Explain Benefits&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prevent:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Calls at night&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;QA-Dev loop&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Undefined sections of code&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unclear ramifications of making changes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Difficult refactoring&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Low code quality&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Poor understanding of requirements&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Give Team ability to reject Unclear Requirements&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly the most important piece, ensure that the team has the ability to reject the requirements or create a research task to define them. If during planning the team can not define the majority of the basic tests for the requirements than they are unclear. By having the team more enthusiastic about testing, it will give them the ability to define the tests up front and understand what changes need to be made. If they are unable to define the tests than the requirements should be redefined to make it clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-11-30T15:22:03.540" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T15:22:03.540" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-11-30T15:45:46.197" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test cases are not associated with a single type of project management and neither are manual or automated cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally its seen as good practice to document your tests for many reasons and one of the most common ways of doing this is by using test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test cases can be written in many different styles, so you will want to consider how they are written and my personal preference is always to try and create ones that are light and easy to adapt over time. The software/website/app which you will be testing will most likely change and your tests will need evolve over time too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In agile specifically your test cases will be guided by the acceptance criteria from the user stories and you will want to be writing your tests to verify that the AC's are met. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T15:45:46.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23869" CreationDate="2016-11-30T16:17:46.860" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Get a Tester invited to the planning meetings along with the Developer and Product owner. As the PO describes the feature to be built and they way it should work, the Developer is already building the feature in his head. He's thinking about how to make it work. The Tester is thinking about how it might &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; work. If the Tester shares his scenarios in the form of &quot;What happens if &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; happens?&quot; or &quot;What happens if &lt;em&gt;this&lt;/em&gt; is broken?&quot; gets the Developer thinking about alternate scenarios, edge and corner cases that need to be addressed. He will then proactively program against those scenarios, leading to successful testing by the Tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soon the Developer will anticipate the Tester's questions and have an answer for him in the planning meeting. The Developer already knows what edge cases the Tester is going to attempt, and programs against those without being prompted by the Tester. In that scenario testing is a matter of the Tester asking the Developer, &quot;Did you handle this edge case? How?&quot;. If the Tester and Developer trust each other and have handled similar edge cases before, the Tester's effort can be significantly reduced while increasing the robustness of the code and minimizing the number of tests the Developer needs to write.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T16:17:46.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23977" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23978" CreationDate="2016-11-30T16:19:43.877" Score="-1" ViewCount="3713" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder if someone can help, as I can't work this out, I am wanting to use WebDriver Sampler in JMeter and am getting stuck working out a &lt;code&gt;WaitForText&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to wait for &quot;Complete&quot; in the element &lt;code&gt;//tr[6]/td[2]/strong&lt;/code&gt;, this is what I have, but it isn't working and I'm not sure why, hope someone can help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(&quot;Complete&quot;.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//tr[6]/td[2]/strong&quot;)).getText())&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22700" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T16:06:19.030" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T16:06:19.030" Title="JMeter Webdriver sampler &quot;WaitForText&quot;" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23977" CreationDate="2016-11-30T16:48:41.430" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what programming language you use, the below answer assumes default WebDriver Sampler language which is JavaScript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should implement your own custom &lt;a href=&quot;https://google.github.io/guava/releases/19.0/api/docs/com/google/common/base/Function.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Function&lt;/a&gt; like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var wait = new org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait(WDS.browser, 10)&#xA;WaitForText = function() {&#xA;    var text = WDS.browser.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By.xpath('//tr[6]/td[2]/strong')).getText()    &#xA;    return text.equals('Complete')&#xA;}&#xA;wait.until(new com.google.common.base.Function(WaitForText))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more WebDriver Sampler related tips and tricks refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt; guide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T16:48:41.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18657" CreationDate="2016-11-30T17:05:51.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most helpful book I have is &quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&quot;. Pretty much anything written by Jerry Weinberg, Cem Kaner, Michael Bolton or James Bach will change the way you think about testing and make you a better tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for local gatherings of testers. Many cities have monthly meetings of test professionals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to conferences. They can be expensive but will ultimately be beneficial. In the U.S and Canada you can look up STAREast, STARWest and STARCanada by Techwell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISTQB is useful only if you want to work for a company that has that as a checkbox requirement to get hired. India is big on using ISTQB certification as a requirement to get hired, while North American companies focus more on demonstration of a tester's actual skill by noting his career achievements. Look up &quot;ISTQB James Bach&quot; on YouTube or on his blog at www.satisfice.com for a great argument on why to avoid this certification and what alternates to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your boss is willing to back his offer of money with time, ask for Friday afternoons as learning time. Google has implemented this. The idea is that you take 10% of your allotted work time to learn whatever you want, build whatever side project you want, as long as it pertains to the business. To see some of the stuff that came out of such thinking, look up Google Labs.&#xA;By making use of this Friday Time you can study a programming language and build yourself a tool, or follow video &amp;amp; text blogs from authors like those mentioned above, or cruise sites like Techwell, StickyMinds, Ministry of Testing, or others you find of interest. Be prepared to show and share your work. If you have other testers in your organization, share your findings with them. If you are the only tester, do a show &amp;amp; tell to your developers on the cool tool you built or the funky thing you got an existing tool to do to help you in your work.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastEditorUserId="6110" LastEditDate="2016-11-30T18:39:54.017" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T18:39:54.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5271" CreationDate="2016-11-30T19:01:33.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Michael Bolton and James Bach offer on-site training. I've taken Michael's 1-day Critical Thinking for Software Testers course and found it immensely helpful, and I have 10 years' experience in the software testing field. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Bolton and James Bach do not offer a certificate at the end of the course. They believe that a piece of paper that says you know something isn't nearly as valuable as a demonstration to your boss and peers that you know what you are doing. If you'd like a great description of why certification hinders the industry and your career, search for &quot;James Bach testing certification&quot;. He writes about it numerous times on his blog. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their courses are not cheap, but the benefit your team will gain will be well worth it. I highly recommend them, and they travel all over the world to teach. You can find a description of the Rapid Software Testing course on Michael's website, here: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/courses/RapidSoftwareTesting.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/courses/RapidSoftwareTesting.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or on James' website, here: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/classes2.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.satisfice.com/classes2.shtml&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T19:01:33.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13701" CreationDate="2016-11-30T19:20:39.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can create files in a known space with known filenames you eliminate this problem. By so doing you now have a set of test data. This data needs to be versioned in sync with the automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The downside is you now have to manage data as well as automation scripts to ensure your scripts work as expected. The upside is that you can create files with errors in them and include some negative testing in your scripts, as well as not having to rely on files that may or may not change outside of your control. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T19:20:39.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15877" CreationDate="2016-11-30T20:32:45.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium uses JavaScript which has a security feature called the Same Origin Policy. This policy stops a JavaScript script running in one web domain from stepping outside that domain. This prevents the script you load from a website from jumping to your OS or another website and doing malicious things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any automation tool that works at the desktop level will sidestep this. If for example you replace Selenium with TestComplete from Smartbear and use their desktop version, the problem goes away. The downside is that TestComplete is not free. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is to use Sikuli, a java-based image-recognition record &amp;amp; playback tool. You can have it running in the background and have it watch for the Save, Open and Save As buttons. When Sikuli sees one of these buttons, it can interact with them and perform the save. Sikuli is free, but it's screen-resolution dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A third option is to have one of your developers write something for you that bridges the gap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T20:32:45.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23987" CreationDate="2016-11-30T21:49:44.027" Score="3" ViewCount="1268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am repeatedly seeing a pattern of us adding automated tests as we add functionality and the code base grows.  Unfortunately this doesn't play out well as the &quot;few minutes&quot; test suite turns into 20-30 mins, then an hour, then 2-3 hours and of course development slows down dramatically.  Not to mention morale.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What approach can we use to reduce the number of tests and reduce the run time?  We'd like to keep the test running as close to the code being changed as possible (i.e. within minutes) if possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T14:33:30.340" Title="How to reduce test suite size and run time?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="23993" CreationDate="2016-11-30T21:52:59.693" Score="5" ViewCount="2486" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're getting intermittent failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope can I run one test 100 times to see how 'stable' it is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T03:42:33.597" Title="How can I run one spec 100 times using the command line?" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;&lt;rspec&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23985" CreationDate="2016-11-30T21:52:59.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create a script in your home directory, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  $ cat run_spec_100_times.sh&#xA;&#xA;    cd ~/eq/lynx&#xA;    for i in `seq 1 100`;&#xA;      do&#xA;        rspec spec/features/survey_spec.rb&#xA;      done&#xA;    cd ~&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modify the script to be executable with &lt;code&gt;chmod +x run_spec_100_times.sh&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The use it with &lt;code&gt;. run_spec_100_times.sh&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T21:52:59.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23984" CreationDate="2016-11-30T21:56:49.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose which tests to run based on what has changed.  This probably requires some interaction between your version control system and your test framework.  I believe the book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321803027&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;How Google Tests&quot;&lt;/a&gt; claims Google runs tests this way.  This may be hard to do and hard to maintain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partition your tests by degree of urgency, e.g. most urgent tests run immediately, next most urgent tests run within a half hour, and so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your tests in parallel across multiple machines.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T21:56:49.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23984" CreationDate="2016-11-30T22:02:17.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Python, &lt;code&gt;coverage&lt;/code&gt; module can detect which test cover which lines of source code. Then on commit, version control can execute only the tests covering the changes. IIRC, someone is working (or solved) this problem, ask on &lt;a href=&quot;http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/testing-in-python&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/testing-in-python&lt;/a&gt; mailing list for exact details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this is not 100% accurate, but it gives you 95% (WAG) assurance that changes are fine (and you can run full multi-hour set of tests later).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T14:33:30.340" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T14:33:30.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23984" CreationDate="2016-11-30T22:25:16.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you execute your test cases? When do you execute them?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute your test cases during the nights when no one is in the office may help&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Jenkins (for example) to schedule your test execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Break down your tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A big test can normally be broken down into smaller ones, for example, instead of verifying all elements on a web page in one test, we verify one element at a time by one test. You will have some flexibility to choose how comprehensively you execute your tests and you will have some flexibility to decide how long it takes. Doing this requires lots of code refactoring.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Centralized test ownership&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think everyone can expand test cases at the moment? Please do not give them this much freedom. By having a centralized test ownership, you will have more consistency in test size and coding standards. At least, be the dictator for a while, see if it works. If someone wants to expand anything, they have to sit down with you, discuss test architecture and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I do not think you can reduce the number of test cases AND reduce test execution time at the same time.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your software product is getting more complicated and bigger over time, hence you need more tests. But you want to reduce test execution time, the only way I can see is to introduce more test modularization, which will give you freedom over which tests to run which to not run, and test modularization will result in a larger number of smaller tests instead of a few bigger tests. &lt;strong&gt;My personal opinions.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-11-30T22:25:16.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23990" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-11-30T23:48:08.067" Score="1" ViewCount="3572" Body="&lt;p&gt;My goal is to have a test created in Selenium IDE and then exported to run headlessly in Jenkins. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the proper configuration needed so this can be done as seamlessly as possible? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22703" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T15:09:22.577" Title="Selenium IDE format for Jenkins integration" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23748" CreationDate="2016-12-01T00:27:00.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium CANNOT stop javascript animations or any other actions going on in the page. Exactly like user cannot do any of those things. Why you expected it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution is to change the javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T00:27:00.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2016-12-01T02:35:34.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option in latest Selenium IDE can help you with it as long as you dont need to report any errors or take action when there is an error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE &gt; Options &gt; Schedule tests to run periodically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2GhtV.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2GhtV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9or22.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9or22.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can add test cases or test suit to it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22712" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T02:35:34.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23985" CreationDate="2016-12-01T03:42:33.597" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;zsh shell&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;repeat 10 { command }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On basic shell:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for _ in {1..10} do command; done&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can run the tests in parallel, you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gnu.org/software/parallel/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;GNU Parallel&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;parallel command ::: {1..1000}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tutorial videos: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL284C9FF2488BC6D1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL284C9FF2488BC6D1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Text tutorial: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/software/parallel/parallel_tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.gnu.org/software/parallel/parallel_tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your test framework probably has some functionality to rerun failed tests. Behat, for instance, has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.behat.org/en/v2.5/guides/6.cli.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;--rerun option&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T03:42:33.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2450" CreationDate="2016-12-01T07:50:08.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preferably you schedule it with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Build_automation#Build_automation_servers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;build-server&lt;/a&gt; like &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The added value of scheduling with a build-server is that it has reporting/alerting features by e-mail or other means to warn you a test is failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T07:50:08.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-01T08:13:13.273" Score="0" ViewCount="606" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working for a start-up company as a Product Quality Assurance Engineer. I have to do requirement management, test case management, and defect management. And also to generate a report at the end of testing. &#xA;My basic requirement is to implement an open source Test management tool which should help me to manage my requirements, test cases, test sets, defects all in one place, something in line of HP QC. &#xA;I know its a lot to ask as we cannot implement HP QC because of license costing and all.&#xA;It would be a great help if anyone can suggest any thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22463" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T18:24:36.457" Title="Which is the best open source Project management tool which supports defect management as well?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-center&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-01T23:15:55.140" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="23998" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26270" CreationDate="2016-12-01T09:50:13.313" Score="3" ViewCount="9325" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a group of tests that can be run in parallel and a group of tests that can only be run sequentially.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like TestNG to execute all of them in one run but schedule sequential tests sequentially, and parallel tests in parallel. How I can achieve that with TestNG?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I considered the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Define two test groups with &lt;code&gt;@Test(group='parallel-tests')&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@Test(group='sequential-tests')&lt;/code&gt; annotations and run each group separately with proper configuration. I don't like it because I wanted to execute both groups in one run.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create testng.xml file with two suites:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite1&quot; verbose=&quot;1&quot; &amp;gt;    &#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;ParallelGroup&quot; parallel=&quot;classes&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;testngtests.TestParallel&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;    &#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Sequential&quot; parallel=&quot;false&quot;  &amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;testngtests.copy.TestSeq&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but then I will need to explcitly list classes or packages of tests to include.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A solution would be to combine both approaches, i.e., something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite1&quot; verbose=&quot;1&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;ParallelGroup&quot; parallel=&quot;classes&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test-group ref=&quot;parallel-tests&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Sequential&quot; parallel=&quot;false&quot;  &amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test-group ref=&quot;sequential-tests&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I see no way to reference to test groups in testng.xml, there's nothing like &lt;code&gt;test-group ref&lt;/code&gt; in TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T10:33:57.377" Title="Executing parallel and sequential TestNG tests in one run" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7973" CreationDate="2016-12-01T11:27:24.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have a timing issue.  this is very common.&#xA;For folks just starting out and using the seleniumIDE I recommend you add a sleep ('&lt;code&gt;pause&lt;/code&gt;' in the IDE) which will wait for the page to load up the state you are looking for before you check for the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a great quick short-term fix for a newbie using the seleniumIDE.  Be aware however that as you advance your development skills, stop using the IDE and move to programming languages that a fixed sleep (also called an implicit wait) is a bad practice.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find over time that you add more and more time to allow for all the differences in devices and browsers that are out there.  In doing this your test suite gets slower and slower until it start to become a hindrance to your development rather than a help.  Before you reach this point you should start using explicit waits which basically say 'keep checking for this condition (such as element being present) over and over for x many seconds and if-when it is satisfied, stop waiting, &lt;em&gt;up to&lt;/em&gt; a &lt;strong&gt;maximum&lt;/strong&gt; of x seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;btw if you stay with the seleniumIDE, this waiting strategy is actually available by using the waitForElementPresent that is available in the IDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T11:44:27.363" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T11:44:27.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15957" CreationDate="2016-12-01T12:28:17.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are doing performance testing you might want to look into using LoadUI by SmartBear and coupling that with Amazon Web Services. LoadUI can direct agent computers in the AWS network to send network requests to your server. You select where the source computers are located, what requests you would like to make and at what load level. The cheapest/slowest level AWS servers available will be suitable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to see if your website loads on different mobile browsers, you can use Keynote. They have a free service which allows you to take control of a mobile device for 30 mins manually. If you want a specific device, or want to send load from one or more devices, or write &amp;amp; run automation scripts, that costs a little more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you'd like to test your website or web app on mobile devices with actual human users, you might want to look at MobTest. You specify the location(s), handset(s) and testing tasks you would like performed, and Mobsters submit a bid. You choose the people you want for the job, and they do the work and let you know what they found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are lucky enough to have branch offices of your organization in the target cities, you can coordinate with the IT personnel there to have them set up VPNs for you. They can set rules such that only requests from or to certain IP addresses (ie. your office as the source and the target web server as the destination) are recognized. This will minimize the security attack surface and chance of someone else hijacking your VPNs for nefarious purposes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T12:28:17.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20597" CreationDate="2016-12-01T14:41:56.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find locations by visiting Google Maps and performing a search for &quot;A+&quot; for example. Here is one instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.ca/maps/place/A%2B+Sushi/@45.4174868,-75.7006636,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4cce05acac9d93f1:0x72f78612d6aff3a5!8m2!3d45.4174831!4d-75.6984749&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.google.ca/maps/place/A%2B+Sushi/@45.4174868,-75.7006636,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4cce05acac9d93f1:0x72f78612d6aff3a5!8m2!3d45.4174831!4d-75.6984749&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T14:41:56.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23990" CreationDate="2016-12-01T15:09:22.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its should be like this,&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1144744/how-do-i-launch-the-selenium-ide-from-the-command-line-with-a-specific-test-case&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1144744/how-do-i-launch-the-selenium-ide-from-the-command-line-with-a-specific-test-case&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read the above question and create a bat file to execute your selenium IDE via command promt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then use that bat file onside your jenkins project to invoke selenium test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T15:09:22.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20495" CreationDate="2016-12-01T15:24:06.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me you need some sort of test case management tool. If you can make a strong business case that money spent on a management tool will save the company more money in your wages than the tool costs, you might be able to ask your boss for a non-free tool. Some tools (in no particular order) are:&#xA;Visual Studio Test Manager&#xA;Testlink&#xA;TestStuff&#xA;FogBugz&#xA;Redmine&#xA;Jira&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VS Test manager is the most expensive of the lot and is a good choice if your developers are already working in Visual Studio. You can collect test cases into test plans and distribute them to your testers, and has good reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestLink and TestStuff are almost identical. TestStuff puts your data into a cloud, TestLink uses a machine in your local network. If you have security concerns about your data, TestLink is the better choice between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FogBugz is a pay-per-user model, so it's free or nearly free for small teams, and grows with you. It's good at bug-tracking and reporting as well as managing test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Redmine is an open-source tool that you install on a machine in your network. It requires a DB server as well. It's fairly easy to set up, administrate, and can be used for logging bugs &amp;amp; managing test cases. The reporting is a bit weak but the structure is simple enough you can create your own queries within the tool to pull what you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard good things about Jira, but have not used it personally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a small list. You can find a larger list by searching for &quot;Test Case Management Tools&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T15:24:06.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22450" CreationDate="2016-12-01T16:04:42.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you record a keyword test in TestComplete, this action will be recorded as ClickButton. If you switch to &quot;Click&quot; instead of &quot;ClickButton&quot;, you can specify an X/Y offset from the top left corner of the control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make this change, record the click in a KeywordTest, double-click the step, On-Screen Action form opens. Navigate to the Specify a Method or Property page, and change ClickButton to Click, click Next, then set the Operation Parameters to the desired X/Y offset. The default is -1, -1 which indicates the center of the control. The top left corner of the control would actually be 0,0. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T16:04:42.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22388" CreationDate="2016-12-01T16:12:00.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excel will lock a file when it is open. If your file can be opened by Excel and you have Excel on your system this may be an option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T16:12:00.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-01T16:20:12.823" Score="1" ViewCount="761" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run JMeter with distibuted mode, on one VM and my local machine. I am able to execute the tests through the command line with the VM but it fails when attempting to use my local host of 127.0.0.1 how can I properly configure JMeter to run tests on my local and the VM? In JMeter properties I have added the VM IP address comma delimited to the &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;remote_hosts=127.0.0.1,VM_IP_HERE&quot; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and I have the jmeter.server running on the VM. Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Connection refused to host: 127.0.0.1; nested exception is:java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T16:41:17.927" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T16:41:17.927" Title="JMeter cannot connect to local IP" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24008" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-01T17:16:24.150" Score="2" ViewCount="3155" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('should be able to create a task for a product as a CTA', function () { &#xA;    browser.sleep(6222);browser.sleep(6222);console.log(&quot;ss&quot;);&#xA;    productPage.productsTab.click();&#xA;    expect(productPage.myProductsTab.isDisplayed()).toBeTruthy();&#xA;&#xA;    //select checkbox&#xA;    productPage.selectProduct.click();&#xA;    browser.sleep(2222);&#xA;    var elm = productDialogPage.createTaskButton;&#xA;&#xA;    var EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;&#xA;    //get count of checked checkboxes, count must 1 be because it selected one product&#xA;    var checkedCount = productPage.selectedProducts.count();&#xA;    expect(checkedCount).toBe(1);&#xA;    browser.sleep(2222);&#xA;&#xA;    browser.wait(EC.elementToBeClickable(elm, 6222));&#xA;&#xA;    //click task create and expect confirm dialog to be displyed&#xA;    productDialogPage.createTaskButton.click();&#xA;    expect(ProductDialogPage.confirmDialog.isDisplayed()).toBe(true);&#xA;    browser.sleep(2222);&#xA;&#xA;    //click yes to confirm creating task and expext dialog to displayed&#xA;    productDialogPage.yesBtnForConfirmDialog.click();&#xA;    //expect(taskPageObject.taskDialog.isDisplayed()).toBe(true);&#xA;    browser.sleep(6222);&#xA;&#xA;    //put input areas to task create dialog&#xA;    this.createTask();&#xA;    browser.sleep(2222);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var elm = productDialogPage.createTaskButton;&#xA;var EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;&#xA;//get count of checked checkboxes, count must 1 be because it selected one product&#xA;var checkedCount = productPage.selectedProducts.count();&#xA;expect(checkedCount).toBe(1);&#xA;browser.sleep(2222);&#xA;&#xA;browser.wait(EC.elementToBeClickable(elm, 6222));&#xA;&#xA;//click task create and expect confirm dialog to be displyed&#xA;productDialogPage.createTaskButton.click();&#xA;expect(ProductDialogPage.confirmDialog.isDisplayed()).toBe(true);&#xA;browser.sleep(2222);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After count is 1, it means I selected only one product (&lt;code&gt;md-checbox&lt;/code&gt;), it means product is selected so that button is active now. Earlier it was disabled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; disabled=&quot;disabled&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I select, this is gone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as soon as it enters my test or my class page, it gives error. it doesn't run code because it doesn't wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;code&gt;isvisible&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;ispresentof&lt;/code&gt; but still I get the same error for this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: Cannot read property 'isPresent' of undefined&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I don't have ispresent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before I had 2 classes only, now I separated classes according to dialog and tabs, this error started now. I can see &lt;code&gt;ss&lt;/code&gt; as output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.sleep(6222);&#xA;console.log(&quot;ss&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but there is sleeping 6 seconds. It doesn't go there. It checks I think all variables before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22641" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:39:44.273" LastActivityDate="2018-04-15T23:32:38.597" Title="&quot;Failed: Cannot read property 'isPresent' of undefined&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24010" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-01T18:18:19.963" Score="1" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rarely I get this error &lt;code&gt;java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class XXXX&lt;/code&gt; when starting tomcat. It is caused by one of my classes. I have a static variable that gets the user agent in a wicket context in that class (``). I was wondering how I could consistently trigger this exception so as to be able to fix it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22727" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T18:18:19.963" Title="How to trigger java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class XXXX" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-04T11:08:36.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23997" CreationDate="2016-12-01T18:24:36.457" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't have problems in using a external hosting system, you can use a combination of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JIRA&lt;/a&gt; (bug tracking) and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/confluence&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Confluence&lt;/a&gt;  (team collaboration and requirements managment).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For locally hosted systems, I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bugzilla.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bugzilla&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.redmine.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Redmine&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details of these tools and and a list of others can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2010/08/bug-tracking-system/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T18:24:36.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24012" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-01T19:15:02.523" Score="2" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;p&gt;An application has GDI Leaks, which I detected with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/gdi_handles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NirSoft GDIView&lt;/a&gt;. Now that I know there is a GDI Handle leak, I need a more professional tool with the following properties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;works on Windows 7 and higher&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;has 32 and 64 bit support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;records GDI handle leaks with call stack&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;costs less than 500 €&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;has prices available on the website, not on request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;has a GUI to start tracking, stop tracking and selecting the target application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used to know BoundsChecker, but that is outdated and seems to be integrated into &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microfocus.com/products/devpartner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Micro Focus DevPartner&lt;/a&gt; for which the price is on request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/ideatester/files/gdidebug/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GDIDebug (SourceForge)&lt;/a&gt;, but it was last updated in 2005 and either it does not work any more (perhaps due to 64 bit) or I'm just too stupid to use it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeproject.com/articles/150463/leakmon-track-handle-leak-gdi-leak-and-memory-leak&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LeakMon (CodeProject)&lt;/a&gt;, but after the link to Google drive, it tells me that I'm not allowed to download infected files.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rohitab.com/apimonitor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rohitab API Monitor&lt;/a&gt;, which I used with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeproject.com/articles/175591/leakmon-part-2-under-the-hood.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;list of methods&lt;/a&gt;. This basically works, but it does not associate the creation and the deletion of GDI objects with each other, so I can't ditinguish between a leak from a non-leak&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2016-12-01T20:08:21.047" LastActivityDate="2016-12-01T20:08:21.047" Title="Tool to track GDI Handle Leaks" Tags="&lt;windows&gt;&lt;memory-leaks&gt;&lt;debugging&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-05T19:44:12.053" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24013" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-01T21:44:32.993" Score="4" ViewCount="17638" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; capabilities: {&#xA;        'browserName': 'chrome',&#xA;        'chromeOptions': {&#xA;&#xA;            prefs: {&#xA;                download: {&#xA;                    'prompt_for_download': false,&#xA;                    'directory_upgrade': true,&#xA;                    'default_directory':  'src/test/javascript/e2e/downloads'&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    },&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I download the file with this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;productDashboardPageObject.exportDashboard();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It downloads the file, but I am not able to check if it was downloaded. It has only count in name, so I can check if it contains count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all is done I will delete files, so only those files will stay after I download.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did lots of things but could not manage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22641" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T03:03:31.057" LastActivityDate="2020-12-31T07:25:55.143" Title="How to check if a file is downloaded using protractor selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24014" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24016" CreationDate="2016-12-02T04:53:42.007" Score="0" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it good to learn Selenium with Ruby? Will it have market demand in coming years. I already have worked in Java and C# Selenium for 1 year each. I mean learning watir webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22734" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T06:05:53.583" Title="Is it good to learn Selenium with Ruby?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-03T08:24:15.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23969" CreationDate="2016-12-02T05:55:20.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per question information,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current configuration is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium 3.0.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox 45.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per this  &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/2016/10/04/selenium-3-is-coming/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;official blog&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Selenium 3.0.1&lt;/strong&gt; is using &lt;strong&gt;firefox version more than 48 and Geckodriver.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So Please update Firefox browser and and &lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/use-firefox-selenium-using-geckodriver-selenium-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Geckodriver&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This line would only find if tag is anchor (&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;Admin&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;)   in &lt;code&gt;@FindBy(linkText=&amp;quot;Admin&amp;quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So another solution is take new variance for find element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please change element as per under :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;css path : &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;li[class='topmenu ltopmenu-display-event']&amp;gt;a&amp;gt;span&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xpath : &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;//li[contains(@class,'topmenu ltopmenu-display-event')]/a/span&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would find your element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T09:32:16.827" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24014" CreationDate="2016-12-02T06:05:53.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Learning anything is good.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Coming to watir , yes it is good and in demand right now and in coming years, as major industries prefer to work with ruby instead of Java. Because they consider Java high level language.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T06:05:53.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23943" CreationDate="2016-12-02T06:12:50.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given below are the details of each testing step that is carried out in each software quality and testing life cycle specified by IEEE and ISO standards:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) SRS Review: Review of the software requirement specifications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Objectives are set for Major releases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Target Date planned for the Releases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Detailed Project Plan is built. This includes the decision on Design Specifications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Develop Test Plan based on Design Specifications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) Test Plan: This includes objectives, the methodology adopted while testing, features to be tested and not to be tested, risk criteria, testing schedule, multi-platform support and the resource allocation for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7) Test Specifications&#xA;This document includes technical details (Software requirements) required prior to  testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8) Writing of Test Cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smoke (BVT) test cases&#xA;Sanity Test cases&#xA;Regression Test Cases&#xA;Negative Test Cases&#xA;Extended Test Cases&#xA;9) Development – Modules are developed one by one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10) Installers Binding: Installers are built around the individual product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;11) Build procedure :&#xA;A build includes Installers of the available products – multiple platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;12) Testing&#xA;Smoke Test (BVT): Basic application test to take decision on further testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing of new features&#xA;Cross-browser and cross-platform testing&#xA;Stress testing and memory leakage testing.&#xA;13) Test Summary Report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug report and other reports are created&#xA;14) Code freezing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No more new features are added at this point.&#xA;15) Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Build and regression testing.&#xA;16) Decision to release the product&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;17) Post-release scenario for further objectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The application which should be automated must have these factors:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The application should not be in the early stages of its&#xA;development.(The application should have all or some modules which&#xA;are stable and tested by manual testers)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The UI of the application must be stable.(The UI must not change&#xA;frequently)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The manual test cases of this application should be in written form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can get the most benefit out of your automated testing efforts by automating:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repetitive tests that run for multiple builds. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that tend to cause human error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that require multiple data sets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequently used functionality that introduces high risk conditions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that are impossible to perform manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that run on several different hardware or software platforms&#xA;and configurations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that take a lot of effort and time when manual testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If manual testers are converted into automation engineers, they have to be trained on automation terminologies and concepts. If automation architect is hired from outside, he must get knowledge about the product to test, the manual testing process and what management is expecting.&#xA;Good training and strong communication between manual testers, developers and automation team is really necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T06:12:50.020" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-12-02T06:12:50.020" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24018" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-02T06:50:24.140" Score="2" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Performance testing!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When performance testing web applications, are the web server, load balancer and web application server installed and configured by the same person doing the actual performance testing itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22736" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T18:41:32.793" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T19:59:43.990" Title="Performance Testing - Does the tester set up the server environment?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-05T06:11:20.677" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24030" CreationDate="2016-12-02T06:53:46.260" Score="2" ViewCount="2085" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using chrome driver.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;util&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package util;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl=&quot;http://qmsadm.local&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public DriverManager()&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Console error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchSessionException: no such session   (Driver&#xA;  info: chromedriver=2.10.267518,platform=Linux 4.4.0-47-generic x86_64)&#xA;  (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;  Command duration or timeout: 84 milliseconds Build info: version:&#xA;  '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:49:13 -0700' System&#xA;  info: host: 'naveen-Inspiron-3542', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux',&#xA;  os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-47-generic', java.version:&#xA;  '1.8.0_111' Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;  Capabilities [{message=unknown error: unrecognized Blink revision:&#xA;  ed651c97177b2ac846b27f62bb8efed6dac0f90b   (Driver info:&#xA;  chromedriver=2.10.267518,platform=Linux 4.4.0-47-generic x86_64),&#xA;  platform=ANY}] Session ID: c377f4dfc8dbecfa033afa8b8b90995a&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native&#xA;  Method)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:216)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:168)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:635)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.get(RemoteWebDriver.java:322)&#xA;    at util.DriverManager.(DriverManager.java:19)     at&#xA;  client.clientTest.initDriver(clientTest.java:18)  at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)     at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:100)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:515)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:216)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:143)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:307)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:270)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)   at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1284)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1209)  at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1124)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1096)   at&#xA;  org.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:72)     at&#xA;  org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:124)     at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)     at&#xA;  com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test ignored.&#xA;  =============================================== Default Suite Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 1 Configuration Failures: 1, Skips:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h1&gt;1&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2019-01-18T20:31:24.697" LastActivityDate="2019-01-20T17:38:11.583" Title="Cannot open the url" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24019" CreationDate="2016-12-02T07:01:40.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your code replace &lt;strong&gt;pathToGeckodriver&lt;/strong&gt; with the actual path of the Chrome Driver exe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code needs to find the Chrome Driver for it to be able to integrate and execute Chrome Driver's bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The path should be something like &lt;strong&gt;c:\Selenium\chromedriver.exe&lt;/strong&gt; meaning the path to the exe file for Chrome Driver. If not sure just open the folder where you have placed the chromedriver.exe file on your computer, copy the path in the explorer's address bar and append the exe file's name to it when you paste it in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Ubuntu or any other Linux based system, you can find the path to the chromedriver shell script file and use that path without the &lt;strong&gt;.exe&lt;/strong&gt; extension. It should be something like &lt;strong&gt;home/antony/chromedriver&lt;/strong&gt; or the path whatever folder you have the chromedriver shell script file in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can download the Chrome Driver from &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T07:43:25.103" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T07:43:25.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24019" CreationDate="2016-12-02T07:26:29.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please update chrome browser and download latest chromedriver from &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Download&lt;/a&gt; link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extract the zip file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put downloaded &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt; at path &lt;code&gt;/home/naveen/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For chrome driver use this &lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T07:26:29.093" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24023" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24024" CreationDate="2016-12-02T07:48:07.850" Score="0" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of articles about HP Load Runner parametrization recommend to use &lt;code&gt;{param_name}&lt;/code&gt; structure inside a string or &lt;code&gt;lr_eval_string(&quot;{param_name}&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually in Java protocol the first one still remains the string with param name but not with param value and the second one throws an error &lt;code&gt;&quot;cannot find symbol ... symbol:   method lr_eval_string(String)&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the correct way to parametrize HP LR script created with Java Record Replay protocol?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T07:48:07.850" Title="How to parametrize Load Runner tests created with Java Record Replay protocol?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;&lt;java-gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24023" CreationDate="2016-12-02T07:48:07.850" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Function &lt;code&gt;eval_string(String)&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;lr&lt;/code&gt; object should be used, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;_hashtable1.put(&quot;java.naming.security.principal&quot;, lr.eval_string(&quot;{login}&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW: there are lots of useful functions in object &lt;code&gt;lr&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T07:48:07.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24025" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24032" CreationDate="2016-12-02T09:01:02.000" Score="2" ViewCount="11520" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference in testing of a API and a Web services?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T09:34:31.057" Title="What is the difference between api and web services testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-03T08:23:57.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24026" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-02T09:51:51.977" Score="4" ViewCount="1195" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have large amount of JMeter scripts which I store in Google Drive. I am planning to use a proper system that can help me keep track of changes and also manage their versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which tool will be more suited for this Job. Is Git a good option or should I consider other tools? Moreover, do we have any best practices for version management of automation scripts? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15499" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:42:09.510" Title="How to manage versions of JMeter scripts" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;version-control&gt;&lt;git&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24026" CreationDate="2016-12-02T11:11:22.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes &lt;code&gt;git&lt;/code&gt; is a good option.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is nothing like best, it's totally on you how you are implementing it. There are many other open source version control tools available you can consider:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CVS   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SVN   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mercurial   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bazaar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:42:09.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:42:09.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24026" CreationDate="2016-12-02T12:10:12.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should manage you automation scripts like you would any other code. If you use Git for source code management you should use Git to manage your Jmeter scripts as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22742" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T12:10:12.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24029" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24061" CreationDate="2016-12-02T12:18:20.847" Score="2" ViewCount="1411" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YKwUW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YKwUW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3LZl3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3LZl3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created testcases in eclipse. I am trying to run that using TestNG, it displays output in console for fail and pass testcases, but I have open emailable-report.html from the test-output folder, but it is blank. Please give me reason for why it  is display blank?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-03T03:21:36.790" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T08:47:42.253" Title="TestNG Report display Blank" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24019" CreationDate="2016-12-02T12:31:41.547" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;download chrome driver from  this link &lt;a href=&quot;https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.25/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.25/&lt;/a&gt; and write as below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public  static void setup(){&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium \\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is working for me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T12:31:41.547" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24025" CreationDate="2016-12-02T13:58:30.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following points helps the user to do API Testing approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding the functionality of the API program and clearly define&#xA;the scope of the program&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apply testing techniques such as equivalence classes, boundary value&#xA;analysis and error guessing and write test cases for the API&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input Parameters for the API need to be planned and defined&#xA;appropriately&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute the test cases and compare expected and actual results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;API testing should cover atleast following testing methods apart from&#xA;   usual SDLC process&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discovery testing: The test group should manually execute the set of&#xA;calls documented in the API like verifying that a specific resource&#xA;exposed by the API can be listed, created and deleted as appropriate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability testing: This testing verifies whether the API is&#xA;functional and user-friendly. And does API integrates well with&#xA;another platform as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing: This testing includes what type of authentication&#xA;is required and whether sensitive data is encrypted over HTTP or both&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated testing: API testing should culminate in the creation of a&#xA;set of scripts or a tool that can be used to execute the API&#xA;regularly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Documentation: The test team has to make sure that the documentation&#xA;is adequate and provides enough information to interact with the API.&#xA;Documentation should be a part of the final deliverable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebService can be called by a Software Application using SOAP or HTTP protocol.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Web Services can be implemented in different ways, but the following two are the popular implementations approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)     &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;REST (Representational State Transfer architecture)&#xA;Software Applications communicate and exchange data with each other using a WebService&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;SOAP and REST are 2 popular protocols to create a WebService&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SOAP supports XML based data exchange&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;REST support XML, Json or exchange of data in simple URL.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WSDL is XML based language which will be used to describe the&#xA;services offered by a web service. SOAP is defined using WSDL.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To test WebService you can&#xA;    Create your own code. For instance use Axis2 API for Java&#xA;    Use WebService Test Automation tools like SoapUI &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation Tools like SoapUI will jumpstart your testing efforts,&#xA;will require less coding effort compared to creating your own code&#xA;using Axis2 API&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web Services Testing basically involves&#xA; - Understand the WSDL file&#xA; - Determine the operations that particular web service provides&#xA; - Determine the XML request format which we need to send&#xA; - Determine the response XML format&#xA; - Using a tool or writing code to send request and validate the&#xA;   response&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose we want to test a WebService which provides Currency Conversion Facility. It will the current conversion rates between the different countries currency. This service we can use in our applications to convert the values from one currency to the other currency. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T13:58:30.553" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18429" CreationDate="2016-12-02T15:52:22.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the negative assertions were simple enough I would have suggested using a regex expression. Negative regex expressions are a little trickier than most, and can get ugly fast if you have dependencies between the items you are checking or have a lot of elements to check for/against. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A reference table as you have suggested allows the data to be separated from the code and will allow for easier maintenance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can either create a list of expected tags and check that every tag in the response is one of those, or a list of unexpected tags and check that every tag is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; one of those. Whichever way you choose should be the one that requires the least maintenance. While the list of acceptable tags may be finite, the list of unacceptable tags may be infinite and you may end up playing whack-a-mole with your dataset by continually adding new tags to disallow. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T15:52:22.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24034" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24041" CreationDate="2016-12-02T17:07:19.467" Score="10" ViewCount="20425" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a way to fail a build if it will take more than X time (be it absolute (5 minutes -- example) or relative (10% more than the average of the last 5 builds -- example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any plugin to do that or should I build such functionality onto my running scripts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been searching for plugins but couldn't find one that will mark a build as fail, only report build times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22744" LastActivityDate="2020-09-01T22:28:56.100" Title="Jenkins: is there a way to fail a build if it takes more than X time?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24018" CreationDate="2016-12-02T18:31:26.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the definition of a performance tester from &lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/performance-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Performance testing is the process of determining the speed or effectiveness of a computer, network, software program or device. This process can involve quantitative tests done in a lab, such as measuring the response time or the number of MIPS (millions of instructions per second) at which a system functions. Qualitative attributes such as reliability, scalability and interoperability may also be evaluated. Performance testing is often done in conjunction with stress testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as far as your question is concerned, web application testing will be done by accessing the backgroup API's of your site. I would recommend looking into some beginning guides of a performance testing tool called &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt;. As a general rule, a performance tester will not be in charge of setting up the environment to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T19:37:31.450" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T19:37:31.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24018" CreationDate="2016-12-02T18:37:49.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will depend on the size and nature of the organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In a small 10 person startup you get to do a lot of setup and installing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In a medium size company you may or may not have a devops department that can do it for you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In a large company with a large IT group it is more likely that another group or individual will be doing this task for you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In well regimented, e.g. army or highly regulated and security conscious, e.g. banking, environments it is more likely that you will use a predefined setup created for you by others.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In some organizations using a SAAS model and remote resources this is all done through some predefined tools, scripts, templates and configurations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many organizations it will also depend on your abilities.  If you already have the abilities you may get to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-02T19:59:43.990" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T19:59:43.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20843" CreationDate="2016-12-02T18:50:24.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One statement that caught my eye in the original post is: &quot;The API is not an open API, only for third party suppliers and internal web and app resources. &quot;. The implication is that since this is for internal use it doesn't have to be as user-friendly or robust as external-facing projects. I would argue that internal-facing projects should be &lt;em&gt;more&lt;/em&gt; robust and user-friendly than external-facing projects because doing so will make the work force more productive. There is a tangible dollar amount that can be connected to a tool that is easy to understand and use vs one that is not. There is also the security question: If a malicious user were to access this, what harm can they cause and can we live with that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While developers are thinking about how to make something work, testers are thinking about how it might not work. Unit tests are a good idea because they test the logic at a layer that allows for high-speed execution. The flaw in only relying on unit tests is not the tests themselves, but the folks writing them. Because of a developer's natural bias toward the Happy Path, unit tests written by developers tend to follow those paths. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers are generally not programmers and as such are not good at writing unit tests, even though they may have some good ideas on negative, edge, and corner cases to exercise the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A solution that uses the strengths of both groups in the team would be a Test Review. Have developers explain to testers what the unit tests are doing. Testers can then ask questions about negative, edge and corner cases that the developers might not have considered. Developers would then write unit tests against those scenarios as well. The bonus is that after a few sessions developers will begin to anticipate the questions the tester is going to ask, consider some previous unhappy paths that were discussed, and proactively write unit tests and code against those scenarios. Developers get smarter, Test Review meetings get shorter, and the code gets more robust. The downside is that developers and testers still need to collaborate, albeit on a much smaller scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T18:50:24.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22960" CreationDate="2016-12-02T19:20:10.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of possibilities: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It may be that the load test is reusing existing connections instead of closing and reopening connections with each request. This would cause the load test to run better than the single user test. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure caching is turned off for the load test. Caching at the DB &amp;amp; web servers as well as the load tool must be considered.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are the single-user test and the load tool using the same hardware and traversing the same physical paths to the servers? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is time of day a factor? Is there something else that may be running concurrently to slow down the single user test? Watching the % CPU usage counter, the MB RAM Free counter, the Network Bytes/sec in &amp;amp; out counters, and the % Disk Usage counters may be helpful here. These counters can tell you if the source or target machines are being overloaded in some way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-02T19:20:10.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24039" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24048" CreationDate="2016-12-02T20:31:36.573" Score="6" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;At our company we have multiple test automators and they all are using different tools to test their applications (mostly APIs and a web app). The problem I see with this is that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creates silos, hard for other testers to help out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duplicate effort&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to combine everyone's tests into one suite or to I guess combine all the frameworks to one place. This way testers can help out where needed and there is no steep learning curve. Is this the right approach or is it best to leave these 'silos' up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18822" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T20:33:38.987" Title="What is the Best Way to Manage Test Automation?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24039" CreationDate="2016-12-03T00:08:15.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There are two answers.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You should move to one framework, of course.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As you yourself pointed out, standardisation, flexibility and preventing duplicate effort makes this well worth the effort in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keep the stove-pipes!&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Well-known fact that different environments have different strengths. No doubt in your company for every application the best tool was used. Main effort has gone into making it all work right and building up a nice suite of useful tests. No use throwing all that away.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In real life nothing is cast in iron. Middle ground is to keep running the existing suites, but at the same time focus on one environment and try to move there exclusively for all new automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the new direction is established try to find room in the background and quietly convert the already existing suites to comply as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step zero is to convince the testers to make the effort. They need to share your vision and see the benefits, like learning new stuff and improving the test scenarios. Enthusiasm is a requirement for an enterprise like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end you'll likely still end up with at least two environments, as web apps are a rather specialized kind of breed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T00:08:15.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24034" CreationDate="2016-12-03T00:21:15.247" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Build-timeout+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;build timeout plugin&lt;/a&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This plugin allows you to automatically abort a build if it's taking too long. Once the timeout is reached, Jenkins behaves as if an invisible hand has clicked the &quot;abort build&quot; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:38:17.977" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:38:17.977" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24039" CreationDate="2016-12-03T02:44:57.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that it is important to consider another option as well.  Let the Developers teach other their specific test framework(test automation tool), this way they can all see the strengths in the specific tool while learning something that they can bring into their testing framework/tool.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do agree with @Bookeater's answer as well, but think it is important to Learn about new things because that technologies and languages that are being used are changing constantly, so to be stuck in a single language or framework isn't beneficial either, in my opinion.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that the Testers themselves should help to make the decision as to what testing framework(s) that you use.  letting them learn and look at each of the frameworks let's them figure out for themselves what the better framework is going to be to test the specific applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have been trying to get to is that they can help you decide which framework will work better for them and the applications, and also which one will be easier to standardize as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T02:44:57.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23403" CreationDate="2016-12-03T06:30:42.707" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would personally suggest you while working with POM first design your &lt;code&gt;TestBaseSetup&lt;/code&gt; class. In this initialize your drivers and the same driver you can use it in your page object class by passing 'constructor' of the base class to your all object classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will create Page Object classes. For each page, we will create a separate class with a constructor. We identify the locators and keep all together on just below the class. This will help us to reuse the locators for multiple methods and the main important is, we can easily find the locator and change if required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need to identify and a list of all the possible functionalities on this page and we should write methods in such a way they are re-used. When ever there is a method to click on a button or link, we should return driver object of that page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details how to design POM, you can &lt;a href=&quot;https://qabmane.blogspot.in/2016/07/page-object-model-in-selenium.html?m=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T08:36:26.650" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T08:36:26.650" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2016-12-03T06:30:42.707" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24025" CreationDate="2016-12-03T07:49:03.713" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The difference between testing APIs and testing Web services stems from the difference between APIs and Web services. So, according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An application programming interface (API) is a set of subroutine definitions, protocols, and tools for building application software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Intuitively, Web services are APIs available over the Web. However, again we should be precise on how those Web services are implemented (again from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_API&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Although &quot;web API&quot; is sometimes considered a synonym for web service, many Web 2.0 web applications have moved away from SOAP-based web services towards collections of RESTful web resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may ask whethere there are APIs that are not Web APIs. There are: libraries and frameworks can have APIs. There are also remote APIs that are not available over the Web, like Java RMI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you ask&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any difference in testing of a API and a Web services?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you need to be more precise what type of API you have in mind and what exactly you understand by Web services term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to difference between testing RESTful resources and SOAP Web services, there is already a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/16177/difference-in-web-services-rest-soap-api-from-black-box-tester-perspective&quot;&gt;question on that topic&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-07-05T09:34:31.057" LastActivityDate="2018-07-05T09:34:31.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11837" CreationDate="2016-12-03T08:08:41.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have also create step by step guide video: I have created video how to run selenium webdriver test cases from command line using batch file.. please look in this link: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpzI_-z3eQM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpzI_-z3eQM&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Also you can visit my blog for step by step documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;http://software-testing-easy.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://software-testing-easy.blogspot.in/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22753" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T08:08:41.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24039" CreationDate="2016-12-03T08:40:01.657" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's belief that one standard framework will solve problems and that this is the only way to solve them. This is because initially frameworks tend to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeioFobaq94&amp;amp;index=52&amp;amp;list=PLH21tc7N2sw3b70g4GtUQ3-nXBt4aWaL_&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;solve problems&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Contextual systems provide more scaffolding, better &quot;out of the box&quot; behavior, and contextual intelligence via that scaffolding. Thus, contextual systems tend to ease the friction of initial use by doing more for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, one framework for all your teams may not be the best solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is &lt;strong&gt;no silver bullet&lt;/strong&gt;: a wunder-framework that fits everyone. Your teams might have reasons to work differently: slightly different technologies, slightly difference processes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frameworks are &lt;strong&gt;hard to maintain&lt;/strong&gt;. Putting things related to Web API testing, UI testing, reporting, etc. into one framework make it heavy and hard to maintain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frameworks are &lt;strong&gt;hard to customize&lt;/strong&gt;. The initial scaffolding makes customization later harder. The frameworks enforces you to do things in a certain way, limiting what you can do or not. Changing a framework might be hard because such a change would be impact other teams as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, there are other ways for your teams to get out of silos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Build libraries.&lt;/strong&gt; I recommend you to listen to the presentation &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeioFobaq94&amp;amp;index=52&amp;amp;list=PLH21tc7N2sw3b70g4GtUQ3-nXBt4aWaL_&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Building common libraries and not failing at it&quot;&lt;/a&gt; from Devoxx Poland 2016 conference. It talks about experience of moving from one framework to the family of libraries. Basically, each library follows old Unix philosophy &quot;Do one thing and do it well&quot;, so they are useful and easier to maintain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Open library market&lt;/strong&gt;. Each team builds their libraries and share them with other teams. For instance, if I am working on authentication and another team has already build a library for authentication I can reuse it. But this doesn't force me to change also the way I generate reports, load test data, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduce &lt;strong&gt;one coding style&lt;/strong&gt; so it is easy for new comers to read existing code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Present problems&lt;/strong&gt; and how each team solved it, so teams are familiar with libraries of other teams.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduce &lt;strong&gt;cross-team code reviews&lt;/strong&gt; from time to time, so people familiarize with code of other people, build and enforce coding standards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-03T08:48:00.500" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T08:48:00.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11837" CreationDate="2016-12-03T11:19:06.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In eclipse you can export your test cases as runnable java jars. and using the following commands create a batch file to run them sequentially/simultaneously-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sequentially:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar pathToRunnableJars/test1.jar&#xA;java -jar pathToRunnableJars/test2.jar&#xA;java -jar pathToRunnableJars/test3.jar&#xA;java -jar pathToRunnableJars/test4.jar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simultaneously:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;start java -jar pathToRunnableJars/test1.jar&#xA;start java -jar pathToRunnableJars/test2.jar&#xA;start java -jar pathToRunnableJars/test3.jar&#xA;start java -jar pathToRunnableJars/test4.jar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastActivityDate="2016-12-03T11:19:06.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24052" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-03T17:53:42.530" Score="4" ViewCount="247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new at JMeter and am trying to get an idea of how to interpret the graphs below.  The test I performed used 1 thread group with 600 users ramped up ever 5 seconds.  What concerns me is the Average Response Time graph is flat. Does this mean the site being tested died early on or does it mean the site is so efficient it handled all the requests without a problem?&#xA;Also, is 600 user count with 5-second ramp-up the best way to try to put a load on the site?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for all your guidance &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7fbrw.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7fbrw.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;LoadGraphs&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jo9Wt.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jo9Wt.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22757" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-02T04:50:04.597" LastActivityDate="2018-08-27T12:01:05.347" Title="JMeter graph interpretation" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24052" CreationDate="2016-12-04T22:42:52.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the site had died, your transaction rate would be zero.  The graph shows  about two successful transactions per second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-12-04T22:42:52.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24057" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-05T05:09:20.453" Score="0" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to open 5 instances of same browser in my machine by using Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22770" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T06:04:56.413" Title="How to Open 5 instances of same browser on same machine by using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-05T12:45:22.843" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24057" CreationDate="2016-12-05T06:04:56.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Java that would be for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver1 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;WebDriver driver2 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;WebDriver driver3 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;WebDriver driver4 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;WebDriver driver5 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T06:04:56.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24059" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24060" CreationDate="2016-12-05T07:48:40.873" Score="4" ViewCount="2049" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using page object pattern with java language.First step is driver initialization then go to login page.These steps are repeatable in every test pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;util&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package util;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 29/11/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl=&quot;http://qmsadm.local&quot;;&#xA;    public DriverManager()&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package client;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;&#xA;import pageobjects.ClientPage;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;import steps.clientsteps;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;import static util.DriverManager.driver;&#xA;&#xA;public class clientTest {&#xA;    @BeforeSuite(groups = {&quot;regression&quot;})&#xA;    public void initDriver() {&#xA;        DriverManager manager = new DriverManager();&#xA;&#xA;        LoginSteps loginSteps = new LoginSteps();&#xA;        HomePage expected_message = loginSteps.Login(&quot;geosony&quot;, &quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void verifyValidLoginWithDataProvider() throws Exception {&#xA;        clientsteps log = new clientsteps();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        ClientPage ex = log.Valid(&quot;guru99&quot;,&quot;Test Group&quot;,&quot;ekm&quot;,&quot;active&quot;,&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;);&#xA;         Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;package steps;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import pageobjects.ClientPage;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by srikanth on 20/11/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class LoginSteps {&#xA;&#xA;    public HomePage Login(String nam, String pas) {&#xA;        HomePage homePageObj = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver, HomePage.class);&#xA;        homePageObj.userLogin(nam,pas);&#xA;&#xA;        return homePageObj;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here initdriver method. Every time for new test pages I want to write the same method again again. How to reduce the repeatable statement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T07:58:47.467" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T22:07:06.123" Title="How to reduce the repetition of code?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24059" CreationDate="2016-12-05T08:29:45.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use a base-class to contain the duplicated code for each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read about inhertance and subclasses here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/IandI/subclasses.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/IandI/subclasses.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a TestBase class which contains the init/setup functions you need for each test in your test you can extend like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class clientTest extends TestBase {&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a programming 101, maybe first ask your local developers for ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testSteps I prefer &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?ArrangeActAssert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the AAA pattern&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void verifyValidLoginWithDataProvider() throws Exception {&#xA;    // Arrange&#xA;    HomePage page= new LoginSteps().Login(&quot;geosony&quot;, &quot;1&quot;);&#xA;    clientsteps log = new clientsteps();&#xA;&#xA;    // Act  &#xA;    ClientPage ex = log.Valid(&quot;guru99&quot;,&quot;Test Group&quot;,&quot;ekm&quot;,&quot;active&quot;,&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Assert&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your tests you want to find everything the tests needs to be able to work, hiding the loginSteps is not a good thing in my book. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code duplication like this is not so bad, because it makes it very clear what the test actually does. Also keep in mind that the login steps will not change to much anyways, centralizing it in a PageObject like you did might be good enough. I also login with different users, you do need to get rid of the &quot;strings&quot; and centralize those into data objects, this could become a pain to change in hundreds of tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T15:26:12.147" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T15:26:12.147" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24029" CreationDate="2016-12-05T08:47:42.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per your configuration link that provided in comment , There is step num 3 is missed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please update &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;; &#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Report Suite&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;listener class-name=&quot;org.uncommons.reportng.HTMLReporter&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;listener class-name=&quot;org.uncommons.reportng.JUnitXMLReporter&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Report Test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.sevenbits.diecast.AccountPage&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;!-- &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.sevenbits.diecast.Register&quot;/&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;!-- &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.sevenbits.diecast.LoginPage&quot;/&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Suite --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now run project from &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Right click on &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; and run as TestNG.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know If there is any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T08:47:42.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-05T09:05:01.477" Score="3" ViewCount="3479" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a Desktop App which has been built using electron and is chrome underneath. We want an automation tool for it. Could anybody tell me what are the options to automate it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found &lt;a href=&quot;http://electron.atom.io/spectron/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Spectron&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; which is developed by Electron community only. However I am not getting anything how to start. I am not getting any good documentation or YouTube videos. Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22772" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:37:26.970" LastActivityDate="2020-01-08T14:03:13.593" Title="Automation Tool for Electron App" Tags="&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24063" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-05T09:44:24.673" Score="2" ViewCount="756" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does any one know how to use debug in HP Load Runner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to set break point, but there is no debug run mode (not in main menu, not in hot-buttons menu).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kDxXE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kDxXE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is quote from online documentation &lt;a href=&quot;http://lrhelp.saas.hp.com/en/latest/help/WebHelp/Content/VuGen/105800_t_how_to_debug_scripts_breakpoints.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Debug Scripts with Breakpoints&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Run a script with breakpoints&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Begin running the script as usual&lt;/strong&gt;. VuGen pauses script execution when&#xA;  it reaches a breakpoint. You can examine the effects of the script run&#xA;  up to the breakpoint, make any necessary changes, and then restart the&#xA;  script from the breakpoint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To resume execution, select Replay &gt; Run. Once restarted, the script&#xA;  continues until it encounters another breakpoint or the end of the&#xA;  script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T10:04:22.203" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T09:12:30.803" Title="How to use debug in HP Load Runner?" Tags="&lt;loadrunner&gt;&lt;debugging&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-05T10:05:22.713" Score="1" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been a tester for an eCommerce company startup in the travel business,&#xA;doing mostly Manuel testing which I found quite boring.&#xA;Over the last 8 months (my first job as a QA) and over these 8 month I have been warned once that I need to improve or I will be let go, which I did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yesterday I was notified that my performance had gotten very bad again&#xA;which surprised me because I was told I was doing good up to a month a go&#xA;and wasn't given any feedback to indicate that I am getting worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have my doubts about the validity of that since there was no warning + the company just went into it's second round of fundraising and has been removing a lot of people over past month. 6 out of the 27 workers to be exact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been quite shaken by the situation because I take my job very much to heart and am sorry to say that it hurt my confidence in my testing skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now that I have explained the situation to my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I try to find another job in QA or call it a day with this profession&#xA;or am I overreacting and just taking this failure a bit too much to heart?&#xA;I feel like I know the answer to this but I wanted to hear from people with more experience than I do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22774" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T12:43:24.947" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T12:43:24.947" Title="In need of wise peoples advice" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-05T12:06:53.430" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-05T10:36:16.633" Score="2" ViewCount="557" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking into TDD and I don't fully understand the approach. I am a web developer using PHP and I can't find any examples of TDD which I can relate to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far this is what I understand of ATDD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;User Story&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a customer I want to log into my account so that I can view my account details&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Criteria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can log in with email address and password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer can view their account details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qw52m.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qw52m.png&quot; alt=&quot;ATTD&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Obviously there will be alot more acceptance tests but this is just extract). 90% of the tests will be automated to help with regression testing in the future&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the above is correct I can't relate what types of tests I would do in TDD. Could someone give me examples of the types of test I would do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22775" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T13:25:13.217" Title="TDD example for building website" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24066" CreationDate="2016-12-05T11:09:13.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This idea about TDD is that you start with a single test and start building code from there to furfill the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a couple of levels of test, as described in &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the test-pyramid&lt;/a&gt;, you can start with a UI (end-2-end) level test and then this should result in Service and Unit level tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case the Acceptance criteria are the UI level tests, but you do not keep them in an Excel-sheet, but they should be executable tests by code. For example with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fitnesse&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full TDD cycle&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole TDD flow is a bit bigger, as described in &lt;a href=&quot;https://vimeo.com/83960706&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this video Test-Driven Development (that’s not what we meant) by Steve Freeman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pO9GN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pO9GN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the fourth level it starts with &quot;Writing a failing end-to-end test&quot; which is followed up by &quot;Write a failing unit-test&quot;. You do not even talk about unit-tests in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also your example start with the login tests, although you might need a login fucntionality this is not a suggested start. Start focusing on feature value and only build a login when you really need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Practising TDD&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TDD consists of 4 main skills: Driving development with Tests, Refactoring safely, Designing test cases and Designing Clean code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To practises skills multiple kata's have been designed, you can start with &lt;a href=&quot;http://osherove.com/tdd-kata-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the StringCalculator kata&lt;/a&gt;. Just start with the most simple test you can imaging, something like testing input &quot;&quot; returns 0. The rest should follow from there. The &lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/codingdojohandbook&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coding dojo handbook&lt;/a&gt; has a long list of kata's to practise all TDD skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suggested reads&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321146530&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Driven Development: By Example&lt;/a&gt; (book)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321503627&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Growing Object-Oriented Software, Guided by Tests&lt;/a&gt; (book)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.peterprovost.org/blog/2012/05/02/kata-the-only-way-to-learn-tdd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kata - the Only Way to Learn TDD&lt;/a&gt; (blog)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T13:25:13.217" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T13:25:13.217" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24066" CreationDate="2016-12-05T11:10:22.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit tests for the individual functions you write&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integrated tests to make sure dependencies work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance tests for the UI Features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing manually&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T11:10:22.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24065" CreationDate="2016-12-05T11:52:03.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your doubts are reasonable. It also may be that the requirements have been raised quietly. Never a good sign that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To know where to go, best ask feedback from the developers/testers you work with. Get a second opinion from someone you trust, who knows you and who has no hidden agenda to be other than honest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And work on plan B in any case, as it seems your days are numbered. And you as a resource are not sufficiently appreciated to stay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T11:52:03.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24072" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-05T13:09:48.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The debugging skill of the programmer can be a major factor in the ability to debug a problem, but the difficulty of software debugging varies greatly with the complexity of the system, and also depends, to some extent, on the programming language(s) used and the available tools, such as debuggers. Debuggers are software tools which enable the programmer to monitor the execution of a program, stop it, restart it, set breakpoints, and change values in memory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term debugger can also refer to the person who is doing the debugging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check details by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debugging&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clicking here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T20:34:16.490" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T20:34:16.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24073" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-05T13:09:48.753" Score="0" Body="Debugging ranges in complexity from fixing simple errors to performing lengthy and tiresome tasks of data collection, analysis, and scheduling updates." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T20:34:26.140" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T20:34:26.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24074" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-05T13:12:15.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft Office is an office suite of applications, servers, and services developed by Microsoft. It was first announced by Bill Gates on 1 August 1988, at COMDEX in Las Vegas. Initially a marketing term for a bundled set of applications, the first version of Office contained Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft PowerPoint. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over the years, Office applications have grown substantially closer with shared features such as a common spell checker, OLE data integration and Visual Basic for Applications scripting language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T20:34:20.140" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T20:34:20.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24075" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-05T13:12:15.737" Score="0" Body=" Office contained Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft PowerPoint. &#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-05T20:34:13.533" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T20:34:13.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18667" CreationDate="2016-12-05T15:34:00.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best websites I have found are Ministry of Testing, Techwell, and StickyMinds. For security, visit www.owasp.org. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Blogs to follow include Michael Bolton and James Bach. These fellows teach context-based testing which allows a team to take the best of any other testing style/school/methodology and apply it. If it works, keep it. If it doesn't, try something else. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Books to find are written by any of James Bach, Michael Bolton, Cem Kaner, Jerry Weinberg, or any books these folks recommend. The most useful book I have found is &quot;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While on the Techwell site, look for one of their testing conferences in your area. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perform a search for testing clubs and organizations in your area. They usually meet monthly and most often will host a speaker to present on a particular topic of interest.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T15:34:00.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9254" CreationDate="2016-12-05T15:52:14.680" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Twin is a tool for automating Windows graphical applications.The design is based on the web automation tool Selenium/WebDriver, and it can be used in similar ways. Grid 2.0 from webdriver was designed with TWIN in mind, so you can test against multiple virtual machines with different OS installed and let grid 2.0 install the last version of the AUT and route the tests to the correct VM.&#xA;You can explore and download it from here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/archive/p/twin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/archive/p/twin/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22782" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T15:52:14.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18836" CreationDate="2016-12-05T16:04:11.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the underlying reasoning for the tool need, you need a process more than a tool. The tool you want will be used to bash developers over the head and facilitate finger-pointing when something goes wrong. Why not catch the problem before it even gets to the Production server? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the CMS is locked down such that only two people can push content to Production (in case one is not available), the problem is largely eliminated. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A regular release schedule can narrow down the timeframe for changes, and a code check-in with inspection requests can ensure that at least one person other than the code-changer knows something has changed.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If code changes are linked to change requests, the changes are traceable to original requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The downside of doing it this way is that everyone is now responsible for making sure top-notch code goes to Production. Every step of the process is visible to anyone who cares to look. This may cause pushback from those who were causing the problems in the first place, requiring action from Management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T16:04:11.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8802" CreationDate="2016-12-05T16:14:34.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Twin is a tool for automating Windows graphical applications.The design is based on the web automation tool Selenium/WebDriver, and it can be used in similar ways. Grid 2.0 from webdriver was designed with TWIN in mind, so you can test against multiple virtual machines with different OS installed and let grid 2.0 install the last version of the AUT and route the tests to the correct VM.&#xA;You can explore and download it from here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/archive/p/twin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://code.google.com/archive/p/twin/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22783" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T16:14:34.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24034" CreationDate="2016-12-05T17:54:14.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A similar question was asked on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12234204/timeout-on-a-build-step-of-jenkins&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/doc/pipeline/steps/workflow-basic-steps/#code-timeout-code-enforce-time-limit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;code timeout&lt;/a&gt; if your workflow steps are scripts. Otherwise, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Build-timeout+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Build Timeout plugin&lt;/a&gt; might do the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T17:54:14.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23472" CreationDate="2016-12-05T19:39:21.440" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Example URL: &lt;code&gt;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/linking/_A_TARGET_95y98y108y97y110y107y.html&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example Element: &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;newwindow.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&amp;gt;a new window&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution in IDE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter &lt;code&gt;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/&lt;/code&gt; as your Base URL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the record button&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to &lt;code&gt;http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/linking/_A_TARGET_95y98y108y97y110y107y.html&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Left-click the a new window link&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on the page and select verifyTitle A Whole New Window – HTML Code Tutorial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Close the new window/tab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on the original window/tab page and select verifyTitle HTML _blank – HTML Code Tutorial&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Selenium IDE, click the record button to stop recording&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;code&gt;pause&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;1000&lt;/code&gt; step after the click step to give the window/tab time to load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;code&gt;selectWindow&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;A Whole New Window – HTML Code Tutorial&lt;/code&gt; step after the pause to connect to the new window/tab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;code&gt;close&lt;/code&gt; step after the &lt;code&gt;verifyTitle&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;A Whole New Window – HTML Code Tutorial step&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;code&gt;selectWindow&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;HTML _blank – HTML Code Tutorial&lt;/code&gt; step after the close step&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Play Current Test Case to verify the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2016-12-05T19:39:21.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2406" CreationDate="2016-12-06T00:23:00.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A case study on support of a global, functionally distributed development team focuses on the use of a container based environment (each developer working on an isolated sandbox) on a single shared AWS VM is available at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://windocks.com/blog-2/Continuous-Integration-Docker-Windows-AWS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windocks.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The setup uses Git for centralized code repo, and a replicated SQL Server database which containerized and shared.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22791" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T00:23:00.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5727" CreationDate="2016-12-06T00:29:34.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good discussion.   Another approach is to setup a Containerized environment, where each dev can easily deploy their own isolated container instance on a shared server.   WinDocks suports all editions SQL Server 2008 and up, and even runs on Windows 8 (one cheap server for this purpose).  A free Community Edition is available &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.windocks.com/community-docker-windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22791" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T00:29:34.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24087" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24214" CreationDate="2016-12-06T05:41:59.300" Score="1" ViewCount="2627" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to integrate my Cucumber project and Maven, while adding &lt;code&gt;cucumber-junit&lt;/code&gt; dependency in POM, I'm getting the below error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed to read artifact descriptor for&#xA;  info.cukes:cucumber-junit:jar:1.2.5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.eclipse.aether.resolution.ArtifactDescriptorException: Failed to&#xA;  read artifact descriptor for info.cukes:cucumber-junit:jar:1.2.5  at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.repository.internal.DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.loadPom(DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.java:282)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.repository.internal.DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.readArtifactDescriptor(DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.java:198)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultDependencyCollector.resolveCachedArtifactDescriptor(DefaultDependencyCollector.java:535)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultDependencyCollector.getArtifactDescriptorResult(DefaultDependencyCollector.java:519)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultDependencyCollector.processDependency(DefaultDependencyCollector.java:409)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultDependencyCollector.processDependency(DefaultDependencyCollector.java:363)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultDependencyCollector.process(DefaultDependencyCollector.java:351)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultDependencyCollector.collectDependencies(DefaultDependencyCollector.java:254)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultRepositorySystem.collectDependencies(DefaultRepositorySystem.java:316)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.project.DefaultProjectDependenciesResolver.resolve(DefaultProjectDependenciesResolver.java:172)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.project.DefaultProjectBuilder.resolveDependencies(DefaultProjectBuilder.java:215)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.project.DefaultProjectBuilder.build(DefaultProjectBuilder.java:188)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.project.DefaultProjectBuilder.build(DefaultProjectBuilder.java:119)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.embedder.MavenImpl.readMavenProject(MavenImpl.java:636)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.project.registry.DefaultMavenDependencyResolver.resolveProjectDependencies(DefaultMavenDependencyResolver.java:63)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.project.registry.ProjectRegistryManager.refreshPhase2(ProjectRegistryManager.java:530)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.project.registry.ProjectRegistryManager$3.call(ProjectRegistryManager.java:492)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.project.registry.ProjectRegistryManager$3.call(ProjectRegistryManager.java:1)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.embedder.MavenExecutionContext.executeBare(MavenExecutionContext.java:176)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.embedder.MavenExecutionContext.execute(MavenExecutionContext.java:151)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.project.registry.ProjectRegistryManager.refresh(ProjectRegistryManager.java:496)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.project.registry.ProjectRegistryManager.refresh(ProjectRegistryManager.java:351)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.project.registry.ProjectRegistryManager.refresh(ProjectRegistryManager.java:298)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.builder.MavenBuilder$BuildMethod.getProjectFacade(MavenBuilder.java:154)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.builder.MavenBuilder$BuildMethod$1.call(MavenBuilder.java:89)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.embedder.MavenExecutionContext.executeBare(MavenExecutionContext.java:176)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.embedder.MavenExecutionContext.execute(MavenExecutionContext.java:151)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.embedder.MavenExecutionContext.execute(MavenExecutionContext.java:99)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.builder.MavenBuilder$BuildMethod.execute(MavenBuilder.java:86)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.m2e.core.internal.builder.MavenBuilder.build(MavenBuilder.java:200)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.BuildManager$2.run(BuildManager.java:734)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.core.runtime.SafeRunner.run(SafeRunner.java:42)  at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.BuildManager.basicBuild(BuildManager.java:206)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.BuildManager.basicBuild(BuildManager.java:246)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.BuildManager$1.run(BuildManager.java:299)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.core.runtime.SafeRunner.run(SafeRunner.java:42)  at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.BuildManager.basicBuild(BuildManager.java:302)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.BuildManager.basicBuildLoop(BuildManager.java:358)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.BuildManager.build(BuildManager.java:381)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.AutoBuildJob.doBuild(AutoBuildJob.java:143)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.core.internal.events.AutoBuildJob.run(AutoBuildJob.java:241)&#xA;    at org.eclipse.core.internal.jobs.Worker.run(Worker.java:54) Caused&#xA;  by: org.eclipse.aether.resolution.ArtifactResolutionException: Failure&#xA;  to transfer info.cukes:cucumber-junit:pom:1.2.5 from&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2&lt;/a&gt; was cached in the local&#xA;  repository, resolution will not be reattempted until the update&#xA;  interval of central has elapsed or updates are forced. Original error:&#xA;  Could not transfer artifact info.cukes:cucumber-junit:pom:1.2.5&#xA;  from/to central (&lt;a href=&quot;https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2&lt;/a&gt;): connect timed&#xA;  out   at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultArtifactResolver.resolve(DefaultArtifactResolver.java:444)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultArtifactResolver.resolveArtifacts(DefaultArtifactResolver.java:246)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.DefaultArtifactResolver.resolveArtifact(DefaultArtifactResolver.java:223)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.apache.maven.repository.internal.DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.loadPom(DefaultArtifactDescriptorReader.java:267)&#xA;    ... 41 more Caused by:&#xA;  org.eclipse.aether.transfer.ArtifactTransferException: Failure to&#xA;  transfer info.cukes:cucumber-junit:pom:1.2.5 from&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2&lt;/a&gt; was cached in the local&#xA;  repository, resolution will not be reattempted until the update&#xA;  interval of central has elapsed or updates are forced. Original error:&#xA;  Could not transfer artifact info.cukes:cucumber-junit:pom:1.2.5&#xA;  from/to central (&lt;a href=&quot;https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2&lt;/a&gt;): connect timed&#xA;  out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;POM xml snapshot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt; &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;  &#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.5&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14370" LastEditorUserId="14370" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T06:07:47.137" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T11:41:24.700" Title="Cucumber and Maven setup" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24093" CreationDate="2016-12-06T06:18:27.603" Score="2" ViewCount="587" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in selenium with page object pattern. I know the basic concepts of cucumber. Its a bdd tool and bdd is for customer verification acceptance test. Everyone can understand the gherkin syntax. There is no need of any technical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is.. Why should I go for cucumber tool ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester have knowledge about selenium is enough for web application right?  What is the main importance using cucumber tool?  My seniors  told me that &quot;make good knowledge in a particular tool&quot;. &quot;Don't waste time to study other tool&quot; . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anybody please clear my doubt..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T07:47:59.020" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T07:57:39.163" Title="Importance of cucumber BDD tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-07T21:15:36.670" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20624" CreationDate="2016-12-06T06:59:53.083" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Difference between &lt;strong&gt;Keyword driven&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Data driven framework&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Driven Framework :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is nothing but data driven test, performing the same functionality with multiple input values by using parametarization with the help of data table or data source is called Data Driven Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While automating or testing any application, at times it may be required to test the same functionality multiple times with the different set of input data. Thus, in such cases, we can’t let the test data embedded in the test script. Hence it is advised to retain test data into some external data base outside the test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data Driven Testing Framework helps the user segregate the test script logic and the test data from each other. It lets the user store the test data into an external database. The external databases can be &lt;code&gt;property files, xml files, excel files, text files, CSV files, ODBC repositories&lt;/code&gt; etc. The data is conventionally stored in “Key-Value” pairs. Thus, the key can be used to access and populate the data within the test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ex: Let us consider the “&lt;strong&gt;Gmail – Login&lt;/strong&gt;” Functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First and the foremost step are to create an external file that stores the test data &lt;code&gt;(Input data and Expected Data)&lt;/code&gt;. Let us consider an excel sheet for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ddziq.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ddziq.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Data Driven&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pros:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The most important feature of this framework is that it considerably&#xA;reduces the total number of scripts required to cover all the&#xA;possible combinations of test scenarios. Thus lesser amount of code&#xA;is required to test a complete set of scenarios. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any change in the test data matrix would not hamper the test script code. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increases flexibility and maintainability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A single test scenario can be executed altering the test data values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keyword Driven Testing Framework:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Keyword driven testing framework is an extension to Data driven Testing Framework in a sense that it not only segregates the test data from the scripts, it also keeps the certain set of code belonging to the test script into an external data file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These set of code are known as Keywords and hence the framework is so named. Key words are self-guiding as to what actions needs to be performed on the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The keywords and the test data are stored in a tabular like structure and thus it is also popularly regarded as Table driven Framework. Take a notice that keywords and test data are entities independent of the automation tool being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex:  For example keywords like &lt;code&gt;login, clickLink and verifyLink&lt;/code&gt; are defined within the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BcNY0.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BcNY0.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Keyword Data Driven&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pros:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In addition to advantages provided by Data Driven testing, Keyword&#xA;driven framework doesn’t require the user to possess scripting&#xA;knowledge unlike Data Driven Testing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A single keyword can be used across multiple test scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T06:59:53.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24087" CreationDate="2016-12-06T07:12:34.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference/jvm#junit-runner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference/jvm#junit-runner&lt;/a&gt;: you need to specify &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.5&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.12&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T07:12:34.427" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24088" CreationDate="2016-12-06T07:28:46.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why should I go for cucumber tool ? As a tester have knowledge about&#xA;  selenium is enough for web application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As you know it doesn't required technical background or knowledge&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If its requirement or high in priority then one can suggest to use Cucumber&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My seniors told me that &quot;make good knowledge in a particular tool&quot;.&#xA;  &quot;Don't waste time to study other tool&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Its totally depends on what and how you will get an opportunity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We can plan but current requirement &amp;amp; company interest we need to consider which matters the most&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For learning no one can bind you. Its always open opportunity for you. Can not predict when it will be in use for you&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Importance of Cucumber?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can figure it out simply by googling it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T07:28:46.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24108" CreationDate="2016-12-06T07:34:56.340" Score="1" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am automating a scenario. I am using selenium with page object. Here&#xA;  some text fields doesn't enter the value.. There is no error in the&#xA;  program no error in console. locators are correctly mentioned. but&#xA;  still I couldn't get why should not automate the page ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K6zj1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/K6zj1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Html codes :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Name text :    &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;name&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;name&quot;&#xA;     class=&quot;form-control&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;span class=&quot;text-danger&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    Name (language) : &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;name_locale&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;name_locale&quot; class=&quot;form-control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;prefix : &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;prefix&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;prefix&quot; class=&quot;form-control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Token starts :  &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;token_starts&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;token_starts&quot; class=&quot;form-control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Token ends :  &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;token_ends&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;token_ends&quot; class=&quot;form-control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;subcategory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageobjects;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 5/12/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class subcategoryPage {&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.LINK_TEXT,using =&quot;App&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement app;&#xA;    @FindBy(how =How.LINK_TEXT,using= &quot;Sub Category&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement sub;&#xA;    @FindBy(how =How.XPATH,using = &quot;//*[@id=\'search-container\']/a/i&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement addsub;&#xA;     @FindBy(how =How.NAME, using =&quot;name&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement name;&#xA;    @FindBy(how =How.ID,using =&quot;name_locale&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement name_local;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.ID,using =&quot;category&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement category_dropdown;&#xA;    @FindBy(how =How.ID, using= &quot;client&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement client_dropdown;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.ID,using =&quot;prefix&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement prefix;&#xA;    @FindBy(how =How.ID, using =&quot;token_starts&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement tokenstart;&#xA;    @FindBy(how =How.ID,using =&quot;token_ends&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement tokenends;&#xA;    @FindBy(how =How.ID, using =&quot;token_avg_speed&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement token_avg;&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.CLASS_NAME,using= &quot;btn-primary&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;    public void setApp(){app.click();}&#xA;    public void setCategory(){sub.click();}&#xA;    public void setAddcategory(){addsub.click();}&#xA;    public void setName(String nam){name.sendKeys();}&#xA;    public void setName_local(String nam_loc){name_local.sendKeys();}&#xA;    public void setCategory_dropdown(String ca) {&#xA;        Select cat = new Select(category_dropdown);&#xA;        cat.selectByVisibleText(ca);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void select_client(String cli)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Select client_id=new Select(client_dropdown);&#xA;        client_id.selectByVisibleText(cli);&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void setPrefix(String pre){prefix.sendKeys();}&#xA;    public void setTokenstart(String ts){tokenstart.sendKeys();}&#xA;    public void setTokenends(String te){tokenends.sendKeys();}&#xA;    public void setToken_avg(String tavg){token_avg.sendKeys();}&#xA;    public void setButton(){button.click();}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package subcategory;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;import pageobjects.ManageMenu;&#xA;import pageobjects.subcategoryPage;&#xA;import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;import steps.managesteps;&#xA;import steps.subcategorysteps;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 6/12/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class subcategoryTest extends DriverManager {&#xA;    @BeforeSuite&#xA;    public void initDriver() {&#xA;        //Arrange&#xA;        HomePage page = new LoginSteps().Login(&quot;geosony&quot;, &quot;123456789&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void verifyValidLoginWithDataProvider() throws Exception {&#xA;        //Act&#xA;        subcategorysteps log = new subcategorysteps();&#xA;        subcategoryPage ex = log.Login(&quot;Loan &quot;,&quot;English&quot;,&quot;Loan&quot;,&quot;Bur Dubai&quot;,&quot;LLA&quot;,&quot;123&quot;,&quot;321&quot;,&quot;5&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        //Assert&#xA;        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T11:45:20.033" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T12:21:21.803" Title="Some text boxes doesn't automate" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24088" CreationDate="2016-12-06T07:57:39.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The importance of any &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behavior-driven development&lt;/a&gt; framework, methodology or tool is to communicate. Cucumber is primarily a tool to communicate requirements between the business people and the developer. Which can also function as automatable tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cucumbers Gherkin could also be used to create a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DSL&lt;/a&gt; or predefined steps to let non technical testers also write automated tests without writing any code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding an extra layer as BDD is not worth it if it is just a way developers write tests. Then it's just overhead. But it can be a very strong way to communicate acceptance criteria (requirements) with stakeholders and safeguard them automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;LeSS&lt;/a&gt; framework describes &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/specification-by-example.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Specification by Example&quot;&lt;/a&gt; workshops where developers and business people come up with examples. Implementing these examples (or scenarios) with Gherkin after the workshops could be a structured way to document the new designed requirements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.gojko.net/specification-by-example/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Specification by Example&lt;/a&gt; (book)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T07:57:39.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24095" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-06T08:54:00.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test architect is expected to be able to affect change not only across the testing community, but between other engineering disciplines as well. Test architects must drive quality across all disciplines, providing guidance, feedback, and suggestions to improve quality practices across an entire engineering team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While a few test architects may be focused on a specific problem or improvement, the goal for the test architect investment should be long-term improvement of the organization testing process and growth. Senior test leaders, when faced with an urgent problem or situation in need of quick improvement can typically find a solution. Broad or recurring issues, however, may require a test architect. The test architect should be thinking long-term and laying out a path for solving big issues over a long period and not focused on fighting daily fires. The test architect must be focused on defining the testing process and setting the test team up for continued success. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:14.043" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:14.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24096" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-06T08:54:00.590" Score="0" Body="A QA architect has in-depth knowledge of a variety of testing techniques and methodologies used both inside and outside of Microsoft. They often provide technical assistance and/or advice to the test Manager." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:23.693" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:23.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24097" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-06T08:57:16.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is same as ETL testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Key responsibilities of an ETL tester are segregated into three categories&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Stage table/ SFS or MFS&#xA;Business transformation logic applied&#xA;Target table loading from stage file or table after applying a transformation. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the responsibilities of an ETL tester are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test ETL software&#xA;Test components of  ETL datawarehouse&#xA;Execute backend data-driven test&#xA;Create, design and execute test cases, test plans and test harness&#xA;Identify the problem and provide solutions for potential issues&#xA;Approve requirements and design specifications&#xA;Data transfers and Test flat file&#xA;Writing SQL queries3 for various scenarios like count test&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:20.943" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:20.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24098" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-06T08:57:16.030" Score="0" Body="It ensures that the ETL process functions well with other upstream and downstream processes. A Data warehouse implementation is a collection of many components, and hence integration testing is a must. Typically, system testing only includes testing within the ETL application." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:29.757" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:29.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24099" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-06T09:01:01.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the point of view of an overall sales process engineering effort, customer service plays an important role in an organization's ability to generate income and revenue. From that perspective, customer service should be included as part of an overall approach to systematic improvement. One good customer service experience can change the entire perception a customer holds towards the organization.&#xA;more details &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customer_service&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;about service&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:04.190" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:04.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24100" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-06T09:01:01.523" Score="0" Body="Customer service is the provision of service to customers before, during and after a purchase. The perception of success of such interactions is dependent on employees &quot;who can adjust themselves to the personality of the guest&quot;." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:07.307" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:07.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24101" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-06T09:04:29.510" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The development of new communication technologies have led to the development of the virtual workplace, a workplace that is not located in any one physical space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:35.513" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:35.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24102" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-06T09:04:29.510" Score="0" Body="A central concept for several entities: the worker and his/her family, the employing organization, the customers of the organization, and the society as a whole together forms work place." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:17.450" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:17.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24103" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-06T09:06:28.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including the text, fonts, graphics, and other information needed to display it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A PDF file captures document text, fonts, images, and even formatting of documents from a variety of applications. You can e-mail a PDF document to your friend and it will look the same way on his screen as it looks on yours, even if he has a Mac and you have a PC&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:31:58.483" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:31:58.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24104" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-06T09:06:28.413" Score="0" Body="The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format used to present documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T19:32:32.667" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T19:32:32.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23446" CreationDate="2016-12-06T10:40:12.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main problem is that the dropdown in page is not &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; but &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt;. So you can't use &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; class. You have to select it by clicking on the element, aka open the &quot;options&quot; and than click on the &quot;option&quot; you want to select. So, something as this should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//click on element of pseudo select&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;select2&quot;)).Click() &#xA;// clicking on the pseudo option&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;select2-selection-tn-container&quot;)).Click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not using &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;option&lt;/code&gt; to create dropdown is quite common, because &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; is harder to style. Using &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; is much easier to style with CSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22796" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T10:40:12.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23446" CreationDate="2016-12-06T10:45:35.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-select-class-selenium-tutorial-13/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Documentation&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;Select Section = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;section-1k&amp;quot;)));&lt;/code&gt; is working for only &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags not for &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For this type of drop down follow this steps :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on drop down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;select2-section-1k-container&amp;quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click require option like &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;A&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//span[@id='select2-section-1k-container']/..//*[text()='A']&amp;quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note :&lt;/strong&gt; Here may be list of elements are provided by HTML page so please run this element in console first and take preferred element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know If any query&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T10:45:35.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24092" CreationDate="2016-12-06T12:08:47.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check following line in class &lt;code&gt;subcategoryPage&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setName(String nam){name.sendKeys();}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here as mentioned blank data is entered so Please change this line as per under :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setName(String nam){name.sendKeys(nam);}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And same as other elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please Let me know If any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T12:21:21.803" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T12:21:21.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24110" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-06T13:16:35.400" Score="1" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;Helo All,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am facing issue in retrieving data from Table where visible and hidden items share common tags. Please guide me through .. &#xA;&amp;lt;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HTML Code for Hidden items:&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;Bio Medical&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;30.&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;40 NB Multiport Valve&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-item form-type-textfield form-item-inventory-quantity-169128&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;edit-inventory-quantity-169128&quot; class=&quot;form-text&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; maxlength=&quot;128&quot; size=&quot;10&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;inventory_quantity_169128&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Code for items which are visible:&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;Consumable&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;4-Prong Disposable Set&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-item form-type-textfield form-item-inventory-quantity-1053441&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;edit-inventory-quantity-1053441&quot; class=&quot;form-text&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; maxlength=&quot;128&quot; size=&quot;10&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;inventory_quantity_1053441&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;Here I need to get name of the item which is lying in 2nd column and QTY which is lying in 3rd column for the element which is visible &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Difficulties with my trials: &#xA;1) Class name for tr tag changes based on the input criteria  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;karunakar Reddy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22799" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T15:01:28.373" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T15:01:28.373" Title="Selenium : Facing Problem in retrieving data from Table where visible and hidden items share common tags" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-06T15:02:44.667" Score="0" ViewCount="128" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently we manually compare (test) the PDF layout with the website on the browser. However, I'm looking for a tool which could automate the testing process. I've looked into a Visual regression testing library called PhantomCSS. However, it only compares the screenshot taken from the browser (cross-browser) and not against the PDF layout which I'm looking for. Is there any tool available for that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22802" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T03:06:40.570" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T03:59:32.313" Title="How to generate screenshot from the browser and compare it with pdf" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;pdf-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24114" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24115" CreationDate="2016-12-06T16:20:05.113" Score="5" ViewCount="1290" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am the QA Manager of my organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a performance issue, where a process takes 6X times rather then X. I defined the issue as blocking since there is no workaround on eliminating the performance issue, and while the scenario performs badly, the system is busy (which is basically unaccessible). The product manager mentions that this issue is critical, and in general, performance issues will never be blockers. I took it to the extreme by asking:  &quot;and what the 6x seconds were 10 hours? would it still not be a blocker?&quot; and still got the same response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Am I wrong?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I prove my point?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22804" LastEditorDisplayName="user18223" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T00:11:11.683" LastActivityDate="2019-08-03T00:06:35.880" Title="Can a performance issue be defined as blocking bug?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24114" CreationDate="2016-12-06T16:26:20.850" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not QA decision but &lt;strong&gt;business decision&lt;/strong&gt;. If performance is satisfactory &lt;strong&gt;for the customer&lt;/strong&gt; - it is good enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that &lt;strong&gt;the most important speed is speed to the market&lt;/strong&gt; - deliver &lt;strong&gt;most value for your customers&lt;/strong&gt; to make money to support additional development of the product. If product is late to the market, and is beaten by inferior competition, how much matter how perfect it is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check requirements - do you have performance requirements? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But even if performance requirements are not fulfilled, it is business decision to release (or not) a product. Get the best stats you can get, and present them to the deciders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you release now (it works fast enough for big enough share of your customers), and work on improving performance later? Again, business decision, you responsibility is to provide info for management to make the decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2019-08-02T18:23:26.543" LastActivityDate="2019-08-02T18:23:26.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22525" CreationDate="2016-12-06T18:02:02.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a good practice to provide ACTUAL and EXPECTED result in bug report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the given bug report details its easy for developer to find the actual problem and its criticality to fix the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T18:02:02.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9259" CreationDate="2016-12-06T18:28:22.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automotion framework is a powerful tool for visual testing. It works using calculation, without css or image comparison. Works super fast&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ITArray/Automotion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/ITArray/Automotion&lt;/a&gt; - here is on GitHub with examples of how to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15722" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T18:28:22.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2459" CreationDate="2016-12-06T18:30:54.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would not suggest using image comparison because exist much faster and easiest way to get precise results.&#xA;Automation framework is a powerful tool for visual testing. It works using calculation, without CSS or image comparison. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Works super fast-here is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ITArray/Automotion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;on GitHu&lt;/a&gt;b with examples of how to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WFLJS.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WFLJS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15722" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:02:43.317" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:02:43.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6072" CreationDate="2016-12-06T20:55:46.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of such tools available, you might try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.httpmaster.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HttpMaster&lt;/a&gt;, I guess both support XML/JSON handling and validation.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;For more than a basic performance analysis, you will have to look elsewhere, JMeter would be a good choice (as you have already mentioned).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22811" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T20:55:46.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24114" CreationDate="2016-12-06T22:50:44.187" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I fully agree with Peter Masiar's answer. As QA has a signalling role, not a deciding, but I do want to present a counter perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you rapidly loose users, would it be a blocker than? I would think so. It's possible all your users would jump ship to a competitor application. For example: Lets say a major chat application takes hours to send messages instead of seconds, this issues stays on pfor some days. Probably me and my friends would switch chat-app with ease and never look back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Monitoring user behaviour with tracking systems is a good way to prove that this could be a crisis issue. Set some key metrics like number of logins, conversions and feature usage statistics. Create benchmarks and compare releases to this. Monitor them automatically and get warnings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually in a continuous delivery environment I might even expect an automated rollback if such a performance degrading feature would reach production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Companies who do extensive A/B testing based on performance indicators like conversions might also think this is blocking and do a rollback when they see they are loosing money and or users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It just all depends if you have enough statistics to make a good call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-06T23:07:24.710" LastActivityDate="2016-12-06T23:07:24.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24114" CreationDate="2016-12-07T00:39:42.380" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question of whether a performance bug is a blocker depends entirely on whether it stops a user from doing whatever they are trying to do with the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked on software that took over 24 hours to run, during which the machine couldn't be used for anything else; that wasn't considered a bug at all, because the user workflow was to start that process before leaving Friday, and expect the result to be available on Monday.  Anything that might cause the process to abort partway through was a blocker, because the users wouldn't want to wait another week, but if the runtime doubled to 48 hours that was fine, as the user's workflow wouldn't be impacted.  I've known people who were working on academic research for which they'd start a program analyzing a huge dataset, and expect that it would take weeks -- that was fine, as they just needed a result by the end of the term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversely, on a real-time video game, if the time it takes to render a frame of graphics exceeds .033 seconds that is likely to be visible to the players, so anything that impacts performance at all will be important (might be critical or blocker depending on how bad it gets; 30 fps already annoys some people, if the game drops to 10 fps even for short periods nobody is likely to play).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone in your organization should be in charge of knowing what the users need and what will be a problem for the users -- depending on how your team is organized, this might be a &quot;producer&quot;, a &quot;project owner&quot;, a &quot;customer representative&quot;, a &quot;team lead&quot;, or a &quot;manager&quot;, but whatever the title, that person is the only one who can answer the question of whether your software is too slow when it runs for one second, or too slow if it runs for an hour, or too slow if it runs for a day.  QA's task is to measure the software and let the team know how slow it can get on the expected workloads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have the information about how fast the software is and the needs and wants of customers, the product manager can make the call as to how important it is to improve performance.  If the software is slower than the minimum that users need, that is likely a blocker.  If it is slower than they want but meets their minimum need, that may be anything from minor to critical depending on how much they want it to be faster.  If it is as fast as the users want, it doesn't matter if it could be made faster, it isn't worth spending time on improving performance (for example a game that runs its graphics at 400 frames per second; that is well beyond the point where anyone would notice if you improved it to 500 frames per second, so it isn't worth spending any engineering effort even for a dramatic improvement in speed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, every hour that an engineer works on improving performance is an hour that they could have used to fix some other bug -- the important thing is to determine whether the users want more performance more than they want other things fixed; if to a user the current speed is so slow that the program might as well have crashed (because the speed causes them to miss an important deadline, for example), that may be a blocker just like an unavoidable crash bug.  But if the user is just mildly annoyed by the current speed, that may well be the same importance as fixing typos in user-visible text that will annoy users that like proper spelling and grammar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22816" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T00:39:42.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-07T00:57:11.563" Score="0" ViewCount="458" Body="&lt;p&gt;From past few days I'm trying to write some browser automation script with jython in Parasoft SOATest with no luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried webking api, with that I was able to open the browser and navigate to links but couldn't find any further documentation to continue. Then I tried to import Selenium as well from Jython extension tool (from selenium import WebDriver) but turns out Selenium package not found. As far as I know selenium comes with Parasoft SOATest by default. I can see some Selenium jar files there, but I'm not able to import them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone guide me to a proper documentation of webking api for Parasoft or usage of Selenium through Jython within Parasoft? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22817" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T03:04:49.103" LastActivityDate="2019-12-24T21:02:25.330" Title="Selenium for Parasoft SOATest jython script" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24113" CreationDate="2016-12-07T03:59:32.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can open PDF file in browser , and then use PhantomCSS. It will compare both screenshots of PDF file and Web page taken from the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to create PDF from web pages and compare documents using Acrobat 9. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://acrobatusers.com/tutorials/a9video_web_capture_and_compare&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T03:59:32.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24125" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-07T06:07:00.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The OWASP Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) is an easy to use integrated penetration testing tool for finding vulnerabilities in web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is designed to be used by people with a wide range of security experience and as such is ideal for developers and functional testers who are new to penetration testing as well as being a useful addition to an experienced pen testers toolbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:34:49.177" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:34:49.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24126" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-07T06:07:00.110" Score="0" Body="Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) provides automated scanners as well as a set of tools that allow you to find security vulnerabilities manually." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:00:37.557" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:00:37.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24127" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-07T06:11:14.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;PowerShell also provides a hosting API with which the PowerShell runtime can be embedded inside other applications. These applications can then use PowerShell functionality to implement certain operations, including those exposed via the graphical interface.&#xA;for more details: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerShell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Click here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:34:32.213" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:34:32.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24128" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-07T06:11:14.133" Score="0" Body="PowerShell is a task automation and configuration management framework from Microsoft, consisting of a command-line shell and associated scripting language built on the .NET Framework." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:34:56.817" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:34:56.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24129" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-07T06:16:39.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Convention (meeting): meeting of a, usually large, group of individuals and/or companies in a certain field.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Academic conference, in science and academic, a formal event where researchers present results, workshops, and other activities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conference call, in telecommunications, a call with more than two participants at the same time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Conference hall, room where conferences are held.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;News conference, an announcement to the press (print, radio, television) with the expectation of questions, about the announced matter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parent-teacher conference, a meeting with a child's teacher to discuss grades and school performance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Peace conference, a diplomatic meeting to end conflict.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:34:34.990" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:34:34.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24130" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-07T06:16:39.937" Score="0" Body="A conference is a meeting of people who &quot;confer&quot; about a topic." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:35:24.733" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:35:24.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24114" CreationDate="2016-12-07T06:30:36.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application under test is internally developed and internally used in your organisation and it doesn't have to be realtime it might be fine to have 60 seconds response time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are running a e-commerce portal and it &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-lessons-learn-black-friday-2016&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fails during Black Friday&lt;/a&gt; or works very slowly - most likely you will be losing thousands of bucks each second&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a QA you should be raising any suspicious issue and providing as much related information as possible as &quot;this action is slow&quot; sucks and &quot;this action is slow due to XXX module cannot process more than YYY files per second&quot; or &quot;this action is slow due to lack of free RAM and swapping&quot; is much better. So instead of asking questions on SE take &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiling_(computer_programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;profiling tools&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Monitor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;operating system metrics&lt;/a&gt; like CPU, RAM, Disk, Network usage, etc. and find out why it takes that long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T06:30:36.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24133" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24161" CreationDate="2016-12-07T06:58:14.763" Score="2" ViewCount="1004" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working with waterfall model till now. Now We are moving to Agile.&#xA;Now as we all are new to it everybody is using a different term i.e. some says &quot;Agile Methodology&quot;, others &quot;Agile Model&quot; and some one else is saying &quot;In Agile Process&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now My Question is, is an agile methodology, Model or a process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="15909" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T07:32:14.773" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T13:59:05.440" Title="Is Agile - Methodology, Model or a Process?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-08T02:46:19.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24133" CreationDate="2016-12-07T07:59:15.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile is a methodology. It is a set of methods and &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;principles&lt;/a&gt; described in &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Agile manifesto&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;methodology&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile frameworks often contain a suggested workflow or process, the Agile process mostly consists of an iterative release model. There are also Agile design modeling technique's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Complete Agile implementation frameworks are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XP: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LeSS: &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://less.works/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please stay away from Scrum if you do not plan to combine it with XP practises or the LeSS technical excellence topics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overview&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilenutshell.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.agilenutshell.com/&lt;/a&gt; (website, &lt;strong&gt;read this fully!&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SDLC&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sdlc/sdlc_agile_model.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sdlc/sdlc_agile_model.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilemodeling.com/essays/introductionToAM.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;An Introduction to Agile Modeling&lt;/a&gt; (website)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/agile-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/a&gt; (book)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T11:09:30.350" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T11:09:30.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24114" CreationDate="2016-12-07T08:08:27.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We should treat performance issues just exactly like we treat software bugs. &#xA;Performance issues are just bugs, and they deserve the same type of attention to detail that we give to bugs in a line of code. After all, performance issues usually happen much earlier in the user experience, driving potential users, customers, and subscribers away long before they ever get to our carefully crafted and maintained software.&#xA;Performance issues are introduced by mistake and “unintended behavior”, the very definition of a bug.&#xA;If the product is a performance based one and it's having performance requirements, the performance issues should be treat like blocker bugs. Otherwise it will affect the business very badly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T08:08:27.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24136" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-07T08:15:21.807" Score="1" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please list a few examples using which I can search (find) and update documents in mongoDB to test things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T09:24:41.297" Title="What are some basic (essential) mongoDB queries that a QA ought to know to search and update documents for testing purposes?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-07T12:21:08.640" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24137" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-07T08:43:12.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It often specifically comprises the capability of a specific application of effort to produce a specific outcome with a minimum amount or quantity of waste, expense, or unnecessary effort. Efficiency, of course, refers to very different inputs and outputs in different fields and industries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T21:16:01.530" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T21:16:01.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24138" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-07T08:43:12.720" Score="0" Body="Ability to avoid wasting materials, energy, efforts, money, and time in doing something or in producing a desired result. " OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T21:16:08.743" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T21:16:08.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20831" CreationDate="2016-12-07T08:45:05.217" Score="6" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add Thread Group. Configure it as follows:&#xA;Number of Threads: whatever you like &lt;code&gt;Loop Count: tick Forever or put -1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add CSV Data Set Config as a child of the Thread Group and configure it like: Filename: full path to the file with URLs&#xA;Variable names: whatever you like, i.e. ${url}&#xA;Recycle on EOF: False&#xA;Stop thread on EOF: True&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add HTTP Request sampler after the CSV Data Set Config and configure it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Name: ${url}&#xA;Path: ${url} - the URL from CSV file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use Response Assertion and Duration Assertion to check data and response time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In response assertion check pattern matching rule as &amp;quot;Contains&amp;quot; and create a variable in &amp;quot;pattern to test&amp;quot;  like : &lt;code&gt;${verify}.&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Now You should have a column name as Verify which contains the expected result of URLs in your .CSV file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add Listener &lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;View result tree&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; to check the response and pass/fail on the basis of expected result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22822" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2019-12-26T11:02:41.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24140" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-07T08:48:50.573" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Black box testing techniques are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Equivalence Partitioning.&#xA;Boundary Value Analysis.&#xA;Cause-Effect Graphing.&#xA;Error-Guessing.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;White-Box testing techniques are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Statement coverage&#xA;Decision coverage&#xA;Condition coverage&#xA;Decision-condition coverage&#xA;Multiple condition coverage&#xA;Basis Path Testing&#xA;Loop testing&#xA;Data flow testing&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T21:15:55.533" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T21:15:55.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24141" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-07T08:48:50.573" Score="0" Body="Test approach to be followed during software testing." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T14:42:39.530" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T14:42:39.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5207" CreationDate="2016-12-07T08:51:38.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When Bug state are - NEW, FIXED, IN-PROGRESS, ANALYZE, RESOLVED, SUBMITTED etc. &#xA;we say bug is in open state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When Bug state are - REJECTED, DUPLICATE, DEFERRED, NFA(No Further action),closed, VERIFIED etc . we say bug is in close state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T08:51:38.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24136" CreationDate="2016-12-07T09:24:41.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the first free level of the MongoDB code-school training: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeschool.com/courses/the-magical-marvels-of-mongodb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.codeschool.com/courses/the-magical-marvels-of-mongodb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LEVEL 1 FREE LEVEL 2 Videos | 8 Challenges&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Conjuring MongoDB Capture&#xA;  the mystical basics of MongoDB and try your hand at &lt;strong&gt;inserting&lt;/strong&gt; and&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;finding&lt;/strong&gt; documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that you can start reading the documentation about &lt;strong&gt;update&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.mongodb.com/getting-started/shell/update/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.mongodb.com/getting-started/shell/update/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T09:24:41.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13364" CreationDate="2016-12-07T09:39:37.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is a difference between WebTest and LoadTest context , they are indeed different concrete objects (WebTestContextClass, LoadTestContext).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What do you mean update the context parameters ? do you want one test to update the context parameters so it will be accessible from another? that is a wrong way to solve your problem IMO, If you need to preserve data or add logic to your tests I always use code I write by myself to run in the background and synchronize data/timing etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T09:39:37.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-12-07T09:53:49.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best practice is first report the bug in defect tracking tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the time of &quot;Bug review&quot; meeting with developer,discuss about the raised bug is valid or not, set severity &amp;amp; priority is proper or not, what the details developer wants to reproduce etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also Defect tracker tool provide the comments section  where developer put their comments while changing the status of the bug as rejected, deferred, duplicate etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T09:53:49.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14971" CreationDate="2016-12-07T10:14:03.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can split your tests to scenarios according to where you want to rendezvous and set the timing (delay start on the second with the run time of the first) on the scenarios so the second wont start until the first finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8972" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T10:14:03.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24133" CreationDate="2016-12-07T10:25:34.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agile software development methodology&lt;/strong&gt; is an process for developing software (like other software development methodologies – Waterfall model, V-Model, Iterative model etc.) However, Agile methodology differs significantly from other methodologies. In English, Agile means ‘ability to move quickly and easily’ and responding swiftly to change – this is a key aspect of Agile software development as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agile development model&lt;/strong&gt; is also a type of Incremental model. Software is developed in incremental, rapid cycles. This results in small incremental releases with each release building on previous functionality. Each release is thoroughly tested to ensure software quality is maintained. It is used for time critical applications.  Extreme Programming (XP) is currently one of the most well known agile development life cycle model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A series of actions or steps taken in order to develop agile methodology is simply called &lt;strong&gt;Agile process&lt;/strong&gt;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T10:25:34.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24154" CreationDate="2016-12-07T11:05:05.380" Score="5" ViewCount="10033" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I ensure that my test cases covers every aspect of the requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example I had written test cases for the login page with all possible combinations I can think of and submitted for review.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My manager reviewed and updated me that I am missing test cases for color of buttons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again after updating these cases, when someone else was testing the application using my test cases, he missed the alignment issues of page/text boxes. In a meeting our conclusion was that I had missed test cases related to that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I am not sure how to confirm that my test cases gives 100% coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:09:02.890" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T09:36:59.260" Title="How to ensure 100% coverage of requirements in test cases?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24164" CreationDate="2016-12-07T11:13:02.217" Score="0" ViewCount="840" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in testing and QA world. I am using JMETER (.jmx script) to perform automated functional testing on magento 1.9. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, everything is working good for me, but having issues on checkout requests with 403 Forbidden. I have googled and found that form_key is creating issue. Because form_key is being generated dynamically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know, how to extract &lt;strong&gt;form_key&lt;/strong&gt; parameter from the first response and pass it with the next request on magento checkout ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, I have tried using CSS/Jquery Extractor to extract &lt;strong&gt;form_key&lt;/strong&gt; but I don't know how to use this in next request. It would be really helpful if anyone can suggest good solutions to solve 403 Forbidden issue on magento checkout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22825" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T15:43:06.603" Title="How to extract form_key parameter from the first response and pass it with the next request on magento checkout ? using jmeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24151" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-07T11:20:04.653" Score="4" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can a QA engineer be actually expected to design and/or architect production features (not just automation framework)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially if he/she has 12+ years of experience and in a team where other engineers with similar background but with development background are expected to design/architect? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the bare minimum, can he he expected to be part of design discussions and validate the testability of the design? What else should be the roles/responsibilities of such a vastly experienced QA engineer in an Agile project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22828" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:00:07.597" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:39:04.643" Title="Should a senior QA engineer in Agile be expected to design/architect app features?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24151" CreationDate="2016-12-07T11:38:52.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good well experienced Quality Assurance engineer could certainly add value to design and architecture discussions.  Their most valuable input is usually on testing, how to test, testability.&#xA;They can also give good input and information on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability and accessibility issues and approaches&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What to test in the quadrants of unit, integrated, functional, load and exploratory areas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to arrange Unit through feature test using the agile testing triangle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Device, browser and version issues and factors to consider during development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What infrastructure will need to be build to support mobile testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Physical devices that will be needed for testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally they should be focused on all the different factors that contribute to high quality.  Testing is just one of them.  The one area I generally stay away from is deep technical details of the application side ('production features').  However this really depends on the company and who the engineers are and what knowledge they bring to the table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most important perhaps is that this should be an open discussion about who can, should and will contribute to what parts of development.  I recommend you always approach it from the mindset of 'how can I contribute?' as opposed to &quot;I know a lot of stuff and I'll tell ('advise') developers on what to do&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T11:45:57.793" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T11:45:57.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24149" CreationDate="2016-12-07T11:49:59.383" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;As testing is a never ending process we can never assume that 100 % test cases have been prepared, we can only minimize the risk of shipping the product to a client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Complete testing is impossible for several reasons:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can’t test all the inputs to the program.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can’t test all the combinations of inputs to the program.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can’t test all the paths through the program.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can’t test for all of the other potential failures, such as those&#xA;caused by user interface design errors or incomplete requirements&#xA;analyses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing effective test cases is a skill and that can be achieved by some experience and in-depth study of the application on which test cases are being written.&#xA;There are levels in which each test case will fall in order to avoid missing of test scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In this level, you will write the basic test cases from the available&#xA;specification and user documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is the practical stage in which writing test cases depend on&#xA;actual functional and system flow of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is the stage in which you will group some test cases and write&#xA;a test procedure. A test procedure is nothing but a group of small test cases maximum of 10.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation of the project. This will minimize human interaction with&#xA;system and thus QA can focus on current updated functionalities to&#xA;test rather than remaining busy with regression testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can observe a systematic growth from no testable item to an Automation suit.&#xA;For any application basically you will cover all the types of test cases including functional, negative and boundary value test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastEditorUserId="22534" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T09:42:15.497" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T09:42:15.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16640" CreationDate="2016-12-07T12:16:43.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If possible, do not think that you are a tester, first think you are a team member who is working hard to make things right.&#xA;The frequent communication between development and testing teams helps generating more ideas on each side. Developer can suggest about how to test a particular module better and at the same time tester can show how to correct the defect. Open yourself for new suggestions and sharing ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A testing team isolated from all the other development team, cannot be productive. When a tester adjusts himself/herself among the developers and develops a mutual relation, a good environment of team created and when all the developers and testers work together, it’s a win-win situation for both parties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Prefer agile methodologies, work together, do pair testing, work with developers, discuss and meet frequently, document less, give equal importance and respect to everyone’s work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T12:16:43.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24133" CreationDate="2016-12-07T12:50:47.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;: Yes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The long version&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Agile&quot; is a methodology, a model, a process, and a philosophy, depending on context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Agile Philosophy&lt;/strong&gt; is best summed up by the Agile Manifesto linked in Neil's answer. It's a statement of relative values that are used to guide agile methodologies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agile Methodologies&lt;/strong&gt; are methodologies that build on and formalize the agile philosophy into something concrete a development team can use to guide their practices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An Agile Development Model&lt;/strong&gt; is a set of practices as part of an agile methodology that form a guideline for software development and testing. The terms &quot;model&quot; and &quot;methodology&quot; are often used interchangeably, but there is a subtle difference: a methodology is the theoretical statement of practices, where a model is the practical guideline to actually implementing those practices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An Agile Process&lt;/strong&gt; is any process implementing an agile development model. There are numerous examples: Scrum, XP, Kanban... &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of them will be called &quot;agile&quot; depending on context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T12:50:47.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24160" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24162" CreationDate="2016-12-07T13:46:30.077" Score="1" ViewCount="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is just staying on this screen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/myqqV.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/myqqV.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is on my mac and I've updated everything I can see, including Android studio and HAXM.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I've tried different android devices like a nexus 6P and a nexus 5 but same issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do seem to haxm running ok based on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5avEh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5avEh.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else might be causing the emulator to not come up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T14:19:03.873" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T14:19:03.873" Title="Android Studio Emulator isn't coming up" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24133" CreationDate="2016-12-07T13:53:49.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest trying to break things down into simple English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agile&lt;/strong&gt; - able to move quickly and easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methodology&lt;/strong&gt; - a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Model&lt;/strong&gt; - a thing used as an example to follow or imitate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Process&lt;/strong&gt; - a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was to sum it up (and no one is saying I am right):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Agile Methodology&lt;/strong&gt; is what is described by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/iso/en/manifesto.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Manifesto&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;Agile Process&lt;/strong&gt; is a process that tries to accomplish this, whatever the end. So, &lt;em&gt;Scrum&lt;/em&gt; does this generically (but is popularly used for software development - it was also used to manage construction of Heathrow Terminal 5 in London, UK). XP does this just for software development (or programming), and so on so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An &lt;strong&gt;Agile Model&lt;/strong&gt; would be the implementation of an Agile Process done at a company that another company is trying to copy or replicate. This might have more details and specifics in it, INCLUDING the Agile Process that was followed, how many staff were on what teams playing what roles, etc. etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22834" LastEditorUserId="22834" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T13:59:05.440" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T13:59:05.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24160" CreationDate="2016-12-07T14:15:03.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Turns out that I didn't have the 64 bit version.  I delete the image and downloaded a new one using x86_64 and this one worked normally and brought up the home screen in the usual 10-15 seconds from power on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NCHvr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NCHvr.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T14:15:03.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24150" CreationDate="2016-12-07T15:43:06.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSS/JQuery_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSS/JQuery Extractor documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reference Name&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter variable&lt;/a&gt; in which to store the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you configure CSS/JQuery Extractor like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sEgMa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sEgMa.png&quot; alt=&quot;CSS JQuery JMeter Magento&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will be able to refer the extracted value as &lt;code&gt;${FORM_KEY}&lt;/code&gt; where required, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YuEVK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YuEVK.png&quot; alt=&quot;Magento Post Request&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aschroder.com/2009/03/magento-csrf-attack-explanation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Magento CSRF attack: A Simple Explanation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-csrf-protected-web-sites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Load Test CSRF-Protected Web Sites&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T15:43:06.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24123" CreationDate="2016-12-07T16:02:33.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see no answers and few views, so I will try to help. I use Python (not Jython) and never heard of Parasoft, so it will be just a more generic guidance. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume importing selenium would be like importing any other Jython modules. So if you are not experienced Jython hacker, ask your local Jython guru, or ask on Jython forums (or on Stack Overflow here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option might be to switch to standard Python? Much more help resources available. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, here you might not reach the audience with Parasoft skills. If you insist on Parasoft, try Parasoft-specific forums. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, Google is your friend. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T16:02:33.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24151" CreationDate="2016-12-07T16:10:26.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA engineer is &lt;strong&gt;expected to do what his hiring manager hired him or her to do.&lt;/strong&gt; Is such design participation mentioned in job description, or during hiring process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not see how any &lt;strong&gt;professional&lt;/strong&gt; QA engineer would refuse participating in such discussion. Maybe you have communication problem with this particular QA engineer? If so, it is better to reword your question as so, and ask it on workplace forum instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:15:27.380" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:15:27.380" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24172" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-07T17:25:41.963" Score="4" ViewCount="11272" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to click the link in one container but the container contains two links having the same identifier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;container&quot; style=&quot;height:88 px; width: 310px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;a class=&quot;instanceLink&quot; href=&quot;/User/GoToInstance/747328&quot;&amp;gt;priyasoft tutorial&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;a class=&quot;instanceLink&quot; href=&quot;/User/GoToInstance/747685&quot;&amp;gt;priyasoft tutorial&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I specifically target one of them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22845" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:00:04.363" LastActivityDate="2018-04-01T10:40:27.243" Title="How to click a link when more than 1 exists?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24151" CreationDate="2016-12-07T18:53:07.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With good implemented Agile the team decides how to do the work, not just you, nor a manager. I would expect any team member that can program to be involved in most of not all major design decisions. So yes I would expect the QA engineer to help with the design and architecture and not just the automation frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extreme programming has some usefull terms like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/simple.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TUBE&lt;/a&gt; to measure simplicty, the code should be Testable, Understandable, Browsable and Explainable. A senior QA can try to motivate the team to use practises like this to make better quality code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I am also a teacher of &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code&lt;/a&gt; practises, which are necessary to make the product Agile, not just the process. Read more about &lt;a href=&quot;http://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical excellence&lt;/a&gt; it contains a lot of testing stuff. This is often overlooked in Agile teams who are doing mostly &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Blog/Cargo-Cult-Agile.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cargo cult&lt;/a&gt; Scrum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end people should be doing stuff they are comfortable with and that adds the most value to the team. So again ask the team what they expect from the QA engineer and the QA engineer can explain what he/she has to offer with their experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that you should not focus to much in disciplines as a QA role. Agile teams should consists of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumexpert.com/knowledge/t-shaped-skills-and-swarming-make-for-flexible-scrum-and-agile-teams/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;T-shaped people&lt;/a&gt; who have broad software development skills with one or two specialisation that they teach to others. This to minimize the teams &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bus factor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:39:04.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:39:04.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24172" CreationDate="2016-12-07T19:45:28.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use either css selector or xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Css Selector:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First priyasoft tutorial element: &lt;code&gt;div[id='container'] a[class='instanceLink']&lt;/code&gt;, this reads first find a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; element that has &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;container&lt;/code&gt;, then look for its first &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; child that has &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;instanceLink&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second priyasoft tutorial element: &lt;code&gt;div[id='container'] a[class='instanceLink']+a&lt;/code&gt;, this reads, first find a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; element that has &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;container&lt;/code&gt;, then look for its first &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; child that has &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;instanceLink&lt;/code&gt; finally look for its (first child) next &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; sibling.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First priyasoft tutorial element: &lt;code&gt;//div[@id='container']/a[@class='instanceLink']&lt;/code&gt;, first find a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; element that has &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;container&lt;/code&gt;, then look for its first &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; child that has &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;instanceLink&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;//div[@id='container']/a[1]&lt;/code&gt;, it reads first find a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; element that has &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;container&lt;/code&gt;, then look for its first &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; child.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second priyasoft tutorial element: &lt;code&gt;//div[@id='container']/a[2]&lt;/code&gt;, it reads first find a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; element that has &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;container&lt;/code&gt;, then look for its second &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; child.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-12-07T19:52:34.360" LastActivityDate="2016-12-07T19:52:34.360" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24439" CreationDate="2016-12-07T23:02:31.103" Score="1" ViewCount="6178" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the path of file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; capabilities: {&#xA;        'browserName': 'chrome',&#xA;        'chromeOptions': {&#xA;&#xA;            prefs: {&#xA;                download: {&#xA;                    'prompt_for_download': false,&#xA;                    'directory_upgrade': true,&#xA;                    'default_directory':  'src/test/javascript/e2e/downloads'&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    },&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I download the file with this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;productDashboardPageObject.exportDashboard();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It downloads the file, but I am not able to check if it was downloaded. It has only count in name, so I can check if it contains count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all is done I will delete files, so only those files will stay after I download.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did lots of things but could not manage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, another way is if service is sending 200 response. But i think it is harder to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22641" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T05:19:20.350" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T05:19:20.350" Title="How to check if a file with random changing name is downloaded using protractor selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-20T15:53:18.023" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24176" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-08T04:35:32.883" Score="1" ViewCount="3106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see most of the requests that requires authentication fails with a '500 internal server error' when running the scripts on an AWS instance with ubuntu. &#xA;The same script runs fine on my local with Windows, in UI and Non GUI mode. I am running Jmeter V3 in both the local and AWS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is pretty much similar to the question here, &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21854363/request-type-not-being-set-in-non-gui-mode-in-jmeter&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21854363/request-type-not-being-set-in-non-gui-mode-in-jmeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More details below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jmeter V3.0&#xA;Java 1.7.0_121&#xA;No external CSV files used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working Results&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Sampler Thread&#xA;Thread Name: Thread Group 1-1&#xA;Sample Start: 2016-12-09 11:19:45 NZDT&#xA;Load time: 346&#xA;Connect Time: 60&#xA;Latency: 346&#xA;Size in bytes: 763&#xA;Headers size in bytes: 451&#xA;Body size in bytes: 312&#xA;Sample Count: 1&#xA;Error Count: 0&#xA;Data type (&quot;text&quot;|&quot;bin&quot;|&quot;&quot;): text&#xA;Response code: 302&#xA;Response message: Found&#xA;&#xA;Response headers:&#xA;HTTP/1.1 302 Found&#xA;Server: nginx/1.4.6 (Ubuntu)&#xA;Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8&#xA;Transfer-Encoding: chunked&#xA;Connection: keep-alive&#xA;X-Powered-By: PHP/5.5.9-1ubuntu4.20&#xA;Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=87of7r5f3sp3ffqs8eho2742f6; path=/; HttpOnly&#xA;Cache-Control: no-cache&#xA;Location: /dashboard&#xA;Date: Thu, 08 Dec 2016 22:19:46 GMT&#xA;Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=87of7r5f3sp3ffqs8eho2742f6; path=/; httponly&#xA;Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;HTTPSampleResult fields:&#xA;ContentType: text/html; charset=UTF-8&#xA;DataEncoding: UTF-8&#xA;&#xA;Request&#xA;POST https://uat.aaa.io/login_check&#xA;&#xA;POST data:&#xA;_csrf_token=hUH5yqAnUrEY5bmVSawxnZ_RCexqFSvD4AM7ZRq7pm4&amp;amp;_password=Password&amp;amp;_remember_me=on&amp;amp;_username=user%40gmail.com&#xA;&#xA;Cookie Data:&#xA;PHPSESSID=9v0k47vjls5p0jkbnqdu17kso0&#xA;&#xA;Request Headers:&#xA;Connection: keep-alive&#xA;Origin: https://uat.aaa.io&#xA;X-DevTools-Emulate-Network-Conditions-Client-Id: 89a8518d-de0e-42ff-b9b7-32ef7bfe9c0f&#xA;Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1&#xA;User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0(WindowsNT10.0;Win64;x64)AppleWebKit/537.36(KHTML,likeGecko)Chrome/54.0.2840.99Safari/537.36&#xA;Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded&#xA;Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8&#xA;Referer: https://aaa.ranqx.io/login&#xA;Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,br&#xA;Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8&#xA;Content-Type: application/json&#xA;Connection: keep-alive&#xA;Content-Length: 119&#xA;Host: uat.aaa.io&#xA;&#xA;Response&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;meta charset=&quot;UTF-8&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;refresh&quot; content=&quot;1;url=/dashboard&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;title&amp;gt;Redirecting to /dashboard&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;        Redirecting to &amp;lt;a href=&quot;/dashboard&quot;&amp;gt;/dashboard&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;.&#xA;    &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not Working results&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sampler Thread&#xA;&#xA;Thread Name: Thread Group 1-1&#xA;Sample Start: 2016-12-09 10:09:21 NZDT&#xA;Load time: 55&#xA;Connect Time: 0&#xA;Latency: 55&#xA;Size in bytes: 495&#xA;Headers size in bytes: 0&#xA;Body size in bytes: 495&#xA;Sample Count: 1&#xA;Error Count: 1&#xA;Data type (&quot;text&quot;|&quot;bin&quot;|&quot;&quot;): text&#xA;Response code: 500&#xA;Response message: Internal Server Error&#xA;&#xA;Response headers:&#xA;HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error&#xA;Server: nginx/1.4.6 (Ubuntu)&#xA;Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8&#xA;Transfer-Encoding: chunked&#xA;Connection: keep-alive&#xA;X-Powered-By: PHP/5.5.9-1ubuntu4.20&#xA;Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=26v8j302nebncbkc0cjf5v2vq5; path=/; HttpOnly&#xA;Cache-Control: no-cache&#xA;Date: Thu, 08 Dec 2016 21:09:37 GMT&#xA;Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=26v8j302nebncbkc0cjf5v2vq5; path=/; httponly&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;HTTPSampleResult fields:&#xA;ContentType: &#xA;DataEncoding: null&#xA;&#xA;Request&#xA;POST https://uat.aaa.io/login_check&#xA;&#xA;POST data:&#xA;_csrf_token=mQl3y2qPaJd1RZZnJT2KzkWMBsdCzGXekABdQnikKyg&amp;amp;_password=password&amp;amp;_remember_me=on&amp;amp;_username=user%40gmail.com&#xA;&#xA;Cookie Data:&#xA;PHPSESSID=26v8j302nebncbkc0cjf5v2vq5&#xA;&#xA;Request Headers:&#xA;Connection: keep-alive&#xA;Origin: https://uat.aaa.io&#xA;X-DevTools-Emulate-Network-Conditions-Client-Id: 89a8518d-de0e-42ff-b9b7-32ef7bfe9c0f&#xA;Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1&#xA;User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0(WindowsNT10.0;Win64;x64)AppleWebKit/537.36(KHTML,likeGecko)Chrome/54.0.2840.99Safari/537.36&#xA;Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded&#xA;Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8&#xA;Referer: https://uat.aaa.io/login&#xA;Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,br&#xA;Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8&#xA;Content-Type: application/json&#xA;Connection: keep-alive&#xA;Content-Length: 119&#xA;Host: uat.aaa.io&#xA;&#xA;Response&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;meta charset=&quot;UTF-8&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;title&amp;gt;An Error Occurred: Internal Server Error&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;Oops! An Error Occurred&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;The server returned a &quot;500 Internal Server Error&quot;.&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;            Something is broken. Please let us know what you were doing when this error occurred.&#xA;            We will fix it as soon as possible. Sorry for any inconvenience caused.&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jmeter Log&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.util.JMeterUtils: Setting Locale to en_US  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Loading user properties from: /home/ubuntu/apache-jmeter-3.0/bin/user.properties  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Loading system properties from: /home/ubuntu/apache-jmeter-3.0/bin/system.properties  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Copyright (c) 1998-2016 The Apache Software Foundation  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Version 3.0 r1743807  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: java.version=1.7.0_121  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: java.vm.name=OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: os.name=Linux  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: os.arch=amd64  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: os.version=3.13.0-101-generic  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO&#xA;- jmeter.JMeter: file.encoding=ANSI_X3.4-1968  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Max memory     =921174016  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Available Processors =2  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Default Locale=English (United States)  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: JMeter  Locale=English (United States)  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: JMeterHome=/home/ubuntu/apache-jmeter-3.0  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: user.dir  =/home/ubuntu/apache-jmeter-3.0/bin  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: PWD      &#xA;=/home/ubuntu/apache-jmeter-3.0/bin  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: IP: 172.31.36.33 Name: ip-172-31-36-33 FullName: ip-172-31-36-33.ap-southeast-2.compute.internal  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.services.FileServer: Default base='/home/ubuntu/apache-jmeter-3.0/bin'  2016/12/08 22:20:23 INFO  - jmeter.services.FileServer: Set new base='/home/ubuntu/apache-jmeter-3.0/bin'  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: Testplan (JMX) version: 2.2. Testlog (JTL) version: 2.2  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: Using SaveService properties file encoding UTF-8  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: Using SaveService properties version&#xA;2.9  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: All converter versions present and correct  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: Loading file: BankUC3.jmx  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.control.CookieManager: Settings: Delete null: false Check: true Allow variable: true Save: true Prefix: COOKIE_  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.control.CacheManager: Will only cache the following methods: [GET]  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for text/html is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for application/xhtml+xml is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for application/xml is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for text/xml is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for text/vnd.wap.wml is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.RegexpHTMLParser  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for text/css is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.CssParser  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Creating summariser &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine: Running the test!  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleEvent: List of sample_variables: []  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleEvent: List of sample_variables: []  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.engine.util.CompoundVariable: Note: Function class names must contain the string: '.functions.'  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.engine.util.CompoundVariable: Note: Function class names must not contain the string: '.gui.'  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.JMeter: Running test (1481235624408)  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine: Starting ThreadGroup: 1 : Thread Group  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine: Starting 1 threads for group Thread Group.  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine: Thread will continue on error  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.threads.ThreadGroup: Starting thread group number 1 threads 1 ramp-up 1 perThread 1000.0 delayedStart=false  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.threads.ThreadGroup: Started thread group number 1  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine: All thread groups have been started  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread started: Thread Group 1-1  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPHCAbstractImpl: Local host = ip-172-31-36-33  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPHC4Impl: HTTP request retry count = 0 2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleResult: Note: Sample TimeStamps are START times  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleResult: sampleresult.default.encoding is set to UTF-8  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleResult: sampleresult.useNanoTime=true  2016/12/08 22:20:24 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleResult: sampleresult.nanoThreadSleep=5000  2016/12/08 22:20:25 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.LazySchemeSocketFactory: Setting up HTTPS TrustAll Socket Factory  2016/12/08 22:20:25 INFO  - jmeter.util.JsseSSLManager: Using default SSL protocol: TLS  2016/12/08 22:20:25 INFO  - jmeter.util.JsseSSLManager: SSL session context: per-thread  2016/12/08 22:20:25 INFO  - jmeter.util.SSLManager: JmeterKeyStore Location:  type JKS  2016/12/08 22:20:25 INFO  - jmeter.util.SSLManager: KeyStore created OK  2016/12/08 22:20:25 WARN  - jmeter.util.SSLManager: Keystore file not found, loading empty keystore  2016/12/08 22:20:25 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.parser.BaseParser: Created org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser  2016/12/08 22:20:25 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.ResourcesDownloader: Creating ResourcesDownloader with keepalive_inseconds:60  2016/12/08 22:20:25 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.parser.BaseParser: Created org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.CssParser  2016/12/08 22:20:32 INFO  - jmeter.reporters.Summariser: summary +      2 in 00:00:08 =   &#xA;0.2/s Avg:  1269 Min:    80 Max:  2458 Err:     1 (50.00%) Active: 1 Started: 1 Finished: 0  2016/12/08 22:20:36 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread is done: Thread Group 1-1  2016/12/08 22:20:36 INFO  - jmeter.threads.JMeterThread: Thread finished: Thread Group 1-1  2016/12/08 22:20:36 INFO  - jmeter.engine.StandardJMeterEngine: Notifying test listeners of end of test  2016/12/08 22:20:36 INFO  - jmeter.reporters.Summariser: summary&#xA;+      4 in 00:00:03 =    1.2/s Avg:    42 Min:    34 Max:    58 Err:     4 (100.00%) Active: 0 Started: 1 Finished: 1  2016/12/08 22:20:36 INFO&#xA;- jmeter.reporters.Summariser: summary =      6 in 00:00:12 =    0.5/s Avg:   451 Min:    34 Max:  2458 Err:     5 (83.33%)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resolved&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Found that my app had a GeoIp based blocking, and throwing &lt;code&gt;GeoIp2\Exception\AddressNotFoundException&lt;/code&gt; if accessed from same data center as the app is hosted. Removing that block, The scripts started working. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18573" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T14:47:28.253" Title="Errors when running Jmeter in non GUI mode" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24177" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24189" CreationDate="2016-12-08T04:49:14.887" Score="8" ViewCount="11029" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often hear people talking about about Performance Metrics and Key Performance Indicators, but how to define quality engineering productivity exactly? What is it and how to measure? And what are some best practices to increase?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I evaluate the performance, productivity and improvement of a Quality Engineer?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is it depending on time spend at the workplace, number of bugs found, certifications..etc. or something like that?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What are the possible reasons to say that the team need a considerable improvement? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T12:06:04.847" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T14:17:52.667" Title="How to assess QA employee performance?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ClosedDate="2016-12-08T14:40:52.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24176" CreationDate="2016-12-08T05:10:34.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are not telepathic enough to guess why exactly your script works on one machine and doesn't work on another. The reason is &lt;strong&gt;something different&lt;/strong&gt;, where &quot;something&quot; could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;.jmx script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jmeter/system properties&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;external files used in i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;application unavailability from one of the locations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Troubleshooting suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First of all check &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file, normally it contains enough information to get the idea regarding the error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For failing request(s) compare the full information available via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener: request parameters, headers, cookies, full response including response message, headers and body. Mention the differences and work them around. You can temporary enable storing aforementioned request and response details by adding the next lines to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;user.properties&lt;/a&gt; file (located in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder) on Amazon instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.output_format=xml&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.response_data=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.samplerData=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.requestHeaders=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.url=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.responseHeaders=true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T05:10:34.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24181" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24182" CreationDate="2016-12-08T06:08:12.460" Score="1" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to do API testing in my project. I installed soap ui for api&#xA;  testing. I don't know to get start using soap ui. Can anybody help me&#xA;  to start doing soap ui testing . Is we have to write automation code&#xA;  in soap ui.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T09:34:04.103" Title="Start with soap ui" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-08T12:21:50.790" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24181" CreationDate="2016-12-08T07:08:41.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes &lt;code&gt;soapui&lt;/code&gt; Support only &lt;code&gt;Groovy&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;JavaScript&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read below blog Very short summarized &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/getting-started/10-tips-for-the-soapui-beginner.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Getting Started&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stanfy.com/blog/madcode-meetup-how-to-test-web-api-using-soapui/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T09:34:04.103" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T09:34:04.103" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24177" CreationDate="2016-12-08T07:57:30.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Quality of a product should be the only measure to check engineers productivity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Time spent at the workplace&lt;/strong&gt; : A engineer can stay in office for 16 hours doing nothing. so that's not a good fit for productivity check.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Number of bugs&lt;/strong&gt;: Number of bugs can vary application to application and totally based on the quality work done by developers. So this as well is not a good fit.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Certifications&lt;/strong&gt;: If a engineer is good with studies only and fails in practical work, this case doesn't fits for him as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Delivered product's quality is the only measure which we can use to check performance of a Quality Engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T07:57:30.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10368" CreationDate="2016-12-08T08:36:58.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just had the same exception, I was trying to input text to grid cell - click was fine, but input text didn't work. Then I realized that &lt;strong&gt;after click on the element, the element has changed&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;new webelement for input appeared&lt;/strong&gt;. So the input text must have been &quot;redirected&quot; to different xpath. So be careful about the element changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22854" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T08:36:58.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24206" CreationDate="2016-12-08T09:23:46.753" Score="1" ViewCount="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing installation and update of a mobile application, i came up with a scenario, i.e.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i have installed application in mobile and i am already logged in to the application using valid credentials.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now, As the flow of signup/sign-in is completely changed, when i am updating it with new version, should i stay logged-in or not in the application. what is the correct behavior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="15909" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T12:39:49.633" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T15:25:54.193" Title="On updating a mobile application, user should stay logged in or not if mandatory fields for signup/signin are changed?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-09T05:26:03.413" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24188" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-08T10:30:50.037" Score="1" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anybody share the way of increase the testing efficiency. Any best practice to follow? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T10:30:50.037" Title="How to increase the testing efficiency? Any best practice?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-08T12:13:34.200" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24177" CreationDate="2016-12-08T11:38:14.727" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is is quite hard to assess the productivity of a QA engineer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It's easy to try and use things like &#xA;'time spend at the workplace', 'number of bugs found', 'certifications', etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that these are not really the measures you want.  Base on a performance review on number of bugs logged and guess what happens? - Tons of bugs get logged, many of which are questionable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means you have to look more to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What automated tests have been written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs logged that represented significant revenue changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initiative taken in testing new areas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A proactive approach in ticket follow-up to make sure they don't go stale&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Efforts to reduce technical debt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work done that increases technical debt (this is a negative measure)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work done to pair with developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quality of follow-up for difficult to reproduce bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initiative taken on closing older bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is very important that these factors should be discussed regularly (e.g. weekly) in 1:1's so that there will not be any significant surprises for the employee.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The value of certifications and formal training will vary among industries and company size.  In some cases this will be be a critical measure for the company concerned, in other cases not.  Think banking vs a startup for an example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T11:49:15.433" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T11:49:15.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24190" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:22:03.187" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T12:22:03.187" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T12:22:03.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24191" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:22:03.187" Score="0" Body="Application Programming Interface : a set of functions and procedures that allow the creation of applications which access the features or data of an operating system, application, or other service." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T02:48:33.450" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T02:48:33.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24192" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:25:43.153" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T12:25:43.153" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T12:25:43.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24193" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:25:43.153" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T12:25:43.153" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T12:25:43.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24194" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:29:05.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Build Verification Test (BVT): It is a set of tests run on each new build of a product to verify that the build is testable before the build is released into the hands of the test team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T02:48:30.633" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T02:48:30.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24195" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:29:05.763" Score="0" Body="Build Verification Test (BVT): It is also known as Build Acceptance Test." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T02:48:42.457" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T02:48:42.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24196" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:32:10.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A review is a systematic examination of a document by one or more people with the main aim of finding and removing errors early in the software development life cycle. Reviews are used to verify documents such as requirements, system designs, code, test plans and test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T02:48:36.303" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T02:48:36.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24197" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:32:10.260" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T12:32:10.260" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T12:32:10.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24198" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:34:15.557" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T12:34:15.557" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T12:34:15.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24199" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-08T12:34:15.557" Score="0" Body=" A best Testing practice is a way of doing things which leads to good and expected results when it is applied properly." OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T08:09:58.093" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T08:09:58.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24200" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-08T13:08:25.307" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T13:08:25.307" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T13:08:25.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24201" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-08T13:08:25.307" Score="0" Body="practical, proven and effective software testing services to ensure its customers create quality products." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T02:48:39.127" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T02:48:39.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24202" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-08T13:18:05.590" Score="1" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;My group supports automated testing for our org.  We have defined a process by which scrum based product teams request us to run automation against builds that are candidates for production.  There is some debate about whether this &quot;effort&quot; should be documented as a TFS task under a larger, preexisting &quot;prepare this release for production&quot; PBI, or whether this &quot;effort&quot; should be added to the backlog as its own PBI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is good practice in your experience?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22859" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T16:35:06.480" Title="Automated test tasks using TFS / Scrum" Tags="&lt;tfs&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2016-12-08T13:44:35.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;we call it prod parallel run, not sure of any standard industry term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22860" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T13:44:35.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24177" CreationDate="2016-12-08T14:17:52.667" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Managers like metrics because it gives them a (seemingly) objective way to measure the performance of their people and reward/correct them. There are better ways to reward or correct performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an exercise in choosing metrics for measuring your team members, ask yourself this: &quot;How can this metric be gamed?&quot; If someone can gain financially from gaming a metric, it will be gamed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also ask yourself why you want to perform such a task in the first place. If you are doing it to decide who needs to get cut from your team or receive an amazing bonus or raise, there are better ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;James Bach recommends managers walk around in the developer pit and talk to people, listen to people, and get a sense of how the team is functioning on a regular basis. This will tell a manager more about his people's performance than any stack-ranked arbitrary metric.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A metric that measures team performance (developers and testers as a single team) is a list of bugs reported by customers, sorted by release. If the issue was found pre-production and not addressed, it still counts. This shows the delta between what the customer wanted and what we thought they wanted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since top management likes to measure the money, I have in the past used a story-based metric to show top management how valuable my team was. At raise/bonus time I would poll the bug repository for all the urgent issues opened by each tester. I would hand the list to each tester and have them guesstimate the value of the top 10 or so of each of their found issues had they not been found. Value can include such things as lost revenue, lost productivity, defecting customers, loss of company reputation, or anything else that can be quantified in a dollar amount. The dollar amounts were added up by each tester and always exceeded their annual salary. The lists of bug IDs, titles and dollar amounts were handed up the management chain as a demonstration of test team members' effectiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There were many estimations and assumptions that went into each line item; I would help them come up with reasonable assumptions. These were available to anyone who wanted to challenge the assumptions. Nobody ever did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T14:17:52.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24185" CreationDate="2016-12-08T15:25:54.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This something the business should decide. There are no lists of best practises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester you should not make up new requirements, you should signal that this could be an issue. Depending on effort and value the business should decide to implement it or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case as user, I would like it to stay logged in, because loggin in costs me time. But as a product owner it would depend on how easy this is to implement, couple of hours, sure, but couple of days, then maybe I would think wasting a couple of seconds of user time is acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T15:25:54.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24207" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24210" CreationDate="2016-12-08T15:40:48.203" Score="2" ViewCount="1488" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the following code to run a simple test. The same code is working sometimes and returning error sometimes. The error it will return is &quot;Not able to find UI Element&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package example;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;&#xA;public class CalculatorTest {&#xA;AppiumDriver&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; driver;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeClass&#xA;public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;,&quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;6.0&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, &quot;C:/Users/rraghunath/Downloads/Apk/Calculator_com.google.android.calculator.apk&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.google.android.calculator&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;com.android.calculator2.CalculatorGoogle&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new AndroidDriver&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@AfterClass&#xA;public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA;* Test for Calculator&#xA;*/&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void test_CalculatorTest(){&#xA;&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_1&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_0&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_1&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;del&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;del&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;del&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_1&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;dec_point&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_0&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_2&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_3&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;op_mul&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_3&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;dec_point&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_0&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_1&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_2&quot;)).click();&#xA;   driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;eq&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22786" LastEditorUserId="22786" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T16:37:21.073" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T10:56:51.320" Title="Appium: Same code is working Sometimes and failing Sometimes" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24202" CreationDate="2016-12-08T16:35:06.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scrum teams should not have dependencies on other teams to release their changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a good practise would be to let the Scrum to run the automation, maybe even integrate someone from your group into their team to make it truly cross functional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scrum is about enabling teams to self-organize towards a process that&#xA;  maximizes their ability to frequently deliver working software and&#xA;  adjust their process based on the feedback it generates from&#xA;  stakeholders, customers and users. And anything that stands in the way&#xA;  of self-organization should be removed or reduced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;read more &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.agilistic.nl/what-it-means-to-be-a-cross-functional-team-and-what-it-doesnt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the team could create a PBI todo a release or just release after each user story is completed as my teams are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it is harsh to hear, but silos should not exist in an Agile organisation, try and start eliminating them now! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way of doing this is to automate the whole process of running automated tests. Read the book about &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtworks.com/continuous-delivery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous delivery&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T16:35:06.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24207" CreationDate="2016-12-08T17:02:26.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to wait for the elements to be visible or clickable before clicking on them. It is possible that the application is sometimes a bit slower with drawing and that the element is just not there yet when it tries to click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;digit_1&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_1&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will wait for 30 seconds until the digit_1 element is clickable.&#xA;Often waiting for the first element on the page is enough, for each transition to a new page use a new wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code sample from: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28799420/how-to-wait-to-activity-using-appium-on-begin-and-during-test-itself&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28799420/how-to-wait-to-activity-using-appium-on-begin-and-during-test-itself&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T09:16:57.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24211" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-08T18:31:23.953" Score="2" ViewCount="1085" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an accepted upgrade path from Selenium WebDriver 2.53 to 3.0.0? I'm using the Ruby gem if curious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8728" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T17:29:49.050" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T02:00:54.987" Title="Upgrade from Selenium 2.53 to 3.0.0" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24207" CreationDate="2016-12-08T20:11:31.510" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If that program is all about waiting statement. I would suggest u should go for implicit wait&#xA;E.g-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts ().implicitlyWait (20,TIMEUNIT.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22752" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-12-08T21:56:29.790" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T21:56:29.790" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24039" CreationDate="2016-12-08T20:33:38.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my point of view there are no silver bullet solutions. API test and Web Test are different per nature. API test can be executed using standard Unit or integration test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web test are basically functional test. They are planned and executed manually or automated with some automation framework., like Selenium, Eggplant etc. Those test can be ported to any code base so they can be executed (&quot;triggered&quot;) automatically alongside API test (unit/integration) on the same integration server. Optimally you will have to setup some smoke &quot;unit tests&quot; and parallel execution of long running Web tests. BrowserStack, SauceLabs or proprietary SeleniumGrid solution should help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you build some sort of abstraction on top of the automated Selenium scripts the same team can code and maintain both the test libraries in one standardised manner. Think also of having test plan defined with Gherkin syntax. This way the automation library can be scaffolded as well... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22864" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T20:33:38.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24087" CreationDate="2016-12-08T20:37:44.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's always the issue of getting the versions of dependant libraries matching. My setup is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;UTF-8&amp;lt;/project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;cucumber.version&amp;gt;1.2.4&amp;lt;/cucumber.version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;selenium.version&amp;gt;2.53.0&amp;lt;/selenium.version&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.11&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${selenium.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.googlecode.zohhak&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;zohhak&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.1.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22864" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T20:37:44.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2016-12-08T20:49:39.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a spread practice, but please be concerned about regulatory implications. In industries and countries with strict regulations this cannot be done easily or done at all. In this cases the system must be designed in a way that can be tested despite this fact. In the past I used anonymization and other techniques to transform production data into QA data. Those techniques considered data sampling and they didn't modified the nature of data. Those steps were done by some &quot;script&quot; ran in a secure way under two steps of execution confirmation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22864" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T20:49:39.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2016-12-08T21:27:06.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with using large scale production data is that you cannot find what you do not know to look for. Spot checking 500M records does not work very well because you get lost in a sea of correct seeming data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Identify the different states the data can be in, IE where your logic can behave differently and create test cases backed by data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Query the (production) data to look for things that should be impossible and fix the data as much as possible / figure out how it got that way in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-12-08T21:27:06.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24207" CreationDate="2016-12-09T04:56:50.140" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What about adding  &lt;code&gt;Thread.Slepp(&amp;lt;time from milliseconds &amp;gt;)&lt;/code&gt; before starting the find &lt;code&gt;elemant&lt;/code&gt; commands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T04:56:50.140" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23622" CreationDate="2016-12-09T05:37:14.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Radhika,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For point 3, refer below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement fruits =browser.FindElement (By.XPath (&quot;.//*[@id='ddlFruits']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    fruits.Click();&#xA;&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; fruits.Options.Count; i++) {&#xA;&#xA;        string fruitTobeSelected= fruits.Options [i].GetAttribute (&quot;text&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        if (fruitTobeSelected.Contains (&quot;Mango&quot;)) {&#xA;&#xA;            fruits.Options [i].Click ();&#xA;&#xA;            break;  &#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above example is written in C#, you can try the same logic in java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In above example, we are looping through the options using its index and &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;checking if the text under a particular contains the value which we want to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;select, and if the option contains that value, we are selecting that option. &#xA;In example we want to select fruit Mango from Fruits dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22359" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T05:37:14.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20186" CreationDate="2016-12-09T05:39:28.270" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should wait for page load after click on button,so for that write below code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element;&#xA;Webdriver driver;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 100);&#xA;element= wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;usrUtils&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T05:39:28.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24207" CreationDate="2016-12-09T05:39:34.083" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree - wait should be introduce before any action. Best practices will be to use implicit wait &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Each time it wont happen&lt;/strong&gt; that &lt;strong&gt;element will be Clickable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'll suggest to use &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ExpectedConditions.visibility&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; instead of &quot;ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This solution will work for each and every scenario &lt;strong&gt;irrespective of action&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(By.id(&quot;digit_1&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;digit_1&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T10:14:09.260" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T10:14:09.260" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24222" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-09T06:28:58.390" Score="1" ViewCount="188" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done my selenium functional automation testing Now my company gave a task to do rest api testing .There were several tools are there like Jmeter, soap ui etc... and also we can add rest-assured jar files to eclipse with java.  Anybody please help me which I will choose.? Which tools are most companys using ?  Anybody please help me how to start learning. What are the important point that i should be learn before starting with rest api ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T07:38:03.140" Title="Confusion of using rest api testing" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-11T12:56:40.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24223" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-09T06:48:36.903" Score="1" ViewCount="287" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm following Page Object Model on my test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have below method to wait for an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void WaitTillCssSelector(string elemantName, int TimefromSeconds)&#xA;        {&#xA;            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(TimefromSeconds));&#xA;            wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists(By.CssSelector(elemantName)));&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I'm passing &lt;code&gt;elemantName&lt;/code&gt; as a string to the method.But as I'm using POM, I have already defined my &lt;code&gt;CSSSelector&lt;/code&gt; as an &lt;code&gt;IwebElement&lt;/code&gt; as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;div.wo-status-box.box-light-blue&quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement CallPriorityTxt { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to  directly pass the &lt;code&gt;CallPriorityTxt&lt;/code&gt; variable to the above &lt;code&gt;WaitTillCssSelector&lt;/code&gt; method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T07:23:27.500" LastActivityDate="2018-08-08T21:43:30.783" Title="Passing IWeb element to Implicit wait function" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24222" CreationDate="2016-12-09T07:38:03.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anybody please help me which I will choose.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was at same point a few days back where you are right now.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As it will consume time to build own framework to test rest APIs, so i had dropped this idea.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While choosing tool, I found &lt;strong&gt;Postman&lt;/strong&gt; easy to learn and use. So far i am using it in different projects from 3-4 months now and it's good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Which tools are most companys using ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different companies use different tools according to their team's capabilities. So we cannot say that if x company is using a tool then that tool is best to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anybody please help me how to start learning&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this you need to check the tutorials of whatever tool you choose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are the important point that i should be learn before starting&#xA;  with rest api ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer of this question is broad and vary person to person. But you should be aware what are rest APIs , how these work, their implementation. behavior of results. Common type of APIs. etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T07:38:03.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24211" CreationDate="2016-12-09T07:46:01.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's simple, Just update you Jar files from 2.53 to 3.0.0  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are few other dependencies you need to add/update due to the changes in the way selenium was execution before. for example to execute firefox, you need to upgrade to latest version of GeckoDriver and firefox.&#xA;You need Java 8.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have removed APIs related to selenium RC as well, if you are using any of that, you might need to change them accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T07:46:01.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-09T08:23:14.770" Score="0" ViewCount="1286" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1j7Qr.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1j7Qr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to click on the highlighted English Element but unable to click on that. Actually its a pop-up wind appear when i click on the some button. But my main concern is that I'm unable to click on that &quot;English&quot; Button. I'm sharing my HTML code and help must be appreciated thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;references-materialSelector&quot; class=&quot;lscomponent-initialized ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;folder1177&quot; class=&quot;folder&quot;&amp;gt;English&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22868" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-09T08:38:59.493" LastActivityDate="2020-08-28T17:39:45.193" Title="How to click on an element in pop-up?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24228" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24299" CreationDate="2016-12-09T09:40:53.190" Score="0" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using a specific template of test cases in excel file. We don't want to leave that format and want a tool where we can import/export our test cases. now after some R&amp;amp;D we are considering TestLink, As i have not worked with TestLink i am wondering, Can we Add/Remove/Modify fields used for test cases in TestLink?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T05:50:11.893" Title="can we configure test cases fields in TestLink?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24207" CreationDate="2016-12-09T10:56:51.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;FluentWait  wait= new FluentWait (d);&#xA;Wait.pollingEvery (200,TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);&#xA;wait.withTimeouts (5,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;wait.ignoring (noSuchElementException.class);&#xA;wait.until (ExpectedCondtions.visibilityOf (By.id (&quot;digit_1&quot;));&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22752" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T10:56:51.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24231" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-09T11:01:28.897" Score="0" ViewCount="1087" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created some test cases in &lt;code&gt;Eclipse&lt;/code&gt;.  But while running the testng.xml file it opens in a new browser every time.  How do I run it in single browser?  I am calling below for each test case, so it opens in a new browser each time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&#xA;    public static void setup()&#xA;    {           &#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();            &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2020-02-12T07:47:01.473" LastActivityDate="2020-02-12T07:47:01.473" Title="How to run testcases on one browser" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24232" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-09T12:09:25.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Flash is very popular software developed by Macromedia (now acquired by Adobe). In Flash testing, You need to check the Flash video, games, movies, etc. are working as expectation or not. Testing the functionality of the Flash is known as Flash Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Flashwebdriver object is required to find flash object in any application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium has no interface to interact with your Flash content. Flash files are programmed in ActionScript and are very similar to JavaScript. Flash files also contains programming Elements just like other languages. For e.g. they too have buttons, text box etc. Interacting with these elements cause the Flash file to call some internal methods to do the task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:40:05.090" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:40:05.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24233" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-09T12:09:25.520" Score="0" Body="Writing and running functional tests for Flash with Selenium." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T17:51:52.800" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T17:51:52.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24231" CreationDate="2016-12-09T15:44:03.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Define the webdriver at the class level and then call the same webdriver instance on each and every test method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T15:44:03.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24228" CreationDate="2016-12-09T15:48:49.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not possible. You cant add customs fields . &#xA;If you really need it you have to request it from the testlink developer tesm.&#xA;But i think that is also not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-12-09T15:48:49.490" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24242" CreationDate="2016-12-10T09:01:00.683" Score="0" ViewCount="1008" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have generate TestNG report in eclipse to display results of fail/pass testcases, but in report it does not display which input string I had passed into textbox. So I want to display input string in the report. How can I show this in report?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.sevenbits.diecast;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.TestNGException;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.beust.jcommander.Parameter;&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginPage&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    String  expectedurl = &quot;http://example/account-page/&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    final String userblank1 = &quot; &quot;;&#xA;    final String passblank1 = &quot; &quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    String  userblank2  = &quot;gffjghj&quot;;&#xA;    String  passblank2  = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public static void setup()throws TestNGException&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void login()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com&quot;);&#xA;        WebElement loginmain = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;menu-item-14235&quot;));&#xA;        loginmain.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;&#xA;    public void blankdata(String uname,String password)&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com&quot;);&#xA;        //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(userblank1);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement pass = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        pass.clear();&#xA;        pass.sendKeys(passblank1);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String actual = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expectedurl, actual);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;&#xA;    public void blankpassword(String uname,String password)&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com&quot;);&#xA;        //  driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(userblank2);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement pass = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        pass.clear();&#xA;        pass.sendKeys(passblank2);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String actual = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expectedurl, actual);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M0TwC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M0TwC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T03:56:26.500" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T04:46:55.080" Title="How to display input data in testng report" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24241" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-10T09:39:50.767" Score="1" ViewCount="3783" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new to performance testing, it may be simple question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the server performance by using perfmon plugin, do i need to install the jmeter in the respective server and then run the test plan there itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as per the video shared in the youtube, that server agent will be installed in the server, my question is do i need to install and run the jmeter in server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please clarify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&#xA;palani T&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21443" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-12T12:07:41.623" LastActivityDate="2018-12-11T14:12:38.133" Title="How to use jmeter with the perfmon plugin?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24240" CreationDate="2016-12-10T12:22:18.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;Data-provider&lt;/code&gt; annotation we can pass parameter and display it into report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;      public static Object[][] credentials() {&#xA;&#xA;            return new Object[][] { { &quot;name&quot;, &quot;pass&quot;}};&#xA;&#xA;      }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T04:46:55.080" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T04:46:55.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24241" CreationDate="2016-12-10T12:45:53.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone has to install the &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMonAgent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter server agent&lt;/a&gt; on the same machine as the server.  You can run JMeter itself on a different machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T12:45:53.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23932" CreationDate="2016-12-10T13:49:37.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;YES, tester has to write the test cases for user stories. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After sprint planning and task breakdown done for user stories, developers will start coding and tester start writing test cases which helps tester to verify that acceptance criteria are met. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T13:49:37.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24114" CreationDate="2016-12-10T14:01:53.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you have a performance requirement, then slow performance is the blocker  issue. So QA can raise the bug and update to manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IF  customer not specified any performance requirement(specification) then its a business decision. But QA can raise performance improvement enhancement and suggest for performance improvement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T14:01:53.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24251" CreationDate="2016-12-10T14:39:49.887" Score="0" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;INSERT INTO PartyTable &#xA;(Name ,City ,Department ,Age ,Gender ,Transport ,Food ,Drink)&#xA;VALUES ('Ido', 'Ramla', 'management', '17', 'M', NULL, NULL, 'Vodka' 'Water');&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i need the vodka and water in same box&#xA;when it displayed it show VodkaWater&#xA;instead Vodka Water &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22883" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T23:33:34.130" Title="SQL how to seprate 2 words" Tags="&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-11T00:52:26.000" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8378" CreationDate="2016-12-10T18:03:46.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my current project we had configuration build with ant and possibility to set properties for Jmeter. With some of them, we used for controlling duration of script execution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n0KYP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n0KYP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is thread group parameters:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7PibT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7PibT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;config.test.timeout.min&lt;/code&gt; - duration of run in minutes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;throughput.freight.offer.permin&lt;/code&gt; - load number of users per minute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just one more way of configuring the time for Jmeter script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5556" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T18:03:46.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24246" CreationDate="2016-12-10T23:33:34.130" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to concatenate the strings when reading from the DB, you should do it with a select:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT Food + Drink as FoodDrink FROM PartyTable;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will return only on column, called FoodDrink, where each row is the concatenation of the Food and Drink columns for each row in PartyTable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-10T23:33:34.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24175" CreationDate="2016-12-11T00:03:16.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The response code is not possible. &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25137881/how-to-use-protractor-to-get-the-response-status-code-and-response-text/25149395#25149395&quot;&gt;Explanation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can solve your problem using &lt;em&gt;count&lt;/em&gt; pattern. The idea is to skip files in the target folder which you know are not your downloaded file &lt;strong&gt;before the test&lt;/strong&gt;. Keep all its names in a list. After the download, fetch the names of the files in the folder and check if the difference in size is equal to 1 - and that the name of this new file contains &lt;em&gt;count&lt;/em&gt; in its name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you run another tests before cleaning the folder, add this new file folder to the skip files names list that you created at the start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T00:03:16.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24264" CreationDate="2016-12-11T11:54:36.403" Score="0" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of an online site or application that can be used to test manual testing skills? I am looking at site where techniques like BVA, negative, positive, equivalence partitioning etc. can be tested on the fields. If it can provide a confirmed list of bugs that are present, than that would help to see the coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Require this for testing the skills of my students who are learning testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22889" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T11:23:33.663" Title="Online site for manual software testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22514" CreationDate="2016-12-11T12:39:08.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our team, we used SpecFlow to test the service based test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T12:39:08.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24257" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-11T12:49:10.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The bottom of the pyramid represents more tests and is intended to reflect the usage of unit tests.  The middle layers are integration and functional tests, the top layers are automated and manual UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T02:45:49.583" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T02:45:49.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24258" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-11T12:49:10.780" Score="0" Body="The categorization of different levels of testing from unit to exploratory" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T05:29:14.347" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T05:29:14.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24259" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-11T12:51:44.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Dividing up testing activities into the 4 quadrants help ensure that the product is well tested and meets the desired quality standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T02:45:52.597" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T02:45:52.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24260" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-11T12:51:44.807" Score="0" Body="Unit, Integrated, Performance and Exploratory" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T02:45:33.520" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T02:45:33.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17004" CreationDate="2016-12-11T15:17:16.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After further review I recommend using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;#pagelet_composer a[data-testid='media-attachment-selector']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because it is not tied in to the actual text &quot;Add photos...&quot; which may change over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is based on there being a section of the page being used for this message composition ('&lt;code&gt;#pagelet_composer&lt;/code&gt;') which has a link for attachments conveniently marked with a data attribute '&lt;code&gt;media-attachment-selector&lt;/code&gt;'&#xA;You have not shown all the page HTML or other cases so I can't tell whether this is truly unique, you will have to finally determine that based on the full page HTML and functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately I would use a Page Object (implementation depeneds on your language and framework) to define this selector, name it something like &lt;code&gt;attach_document&lt;/code&gt; and then you can use &lt;code&gt;attach_document.click()&lt;/code&gt; in the actual test for readability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a one page document and/or has this identifier in other places on the page, but only one is visible at a given time you might need to add a &lt;code&gt;.visible&lt;/code&gt; qualifier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-11T15:27:49.853" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T15:27:49.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24255" CreationDate="2016-12-11T15:39:38.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testingchallenges.thetestingmap.org/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing Challenge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guru99&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.utest.com/search-result/all/tuesdaytesttrials&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tuesday Test Trials&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T15:39:38.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24255" CreationDate="2016-12-11T17:02:52.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please find few more  -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://qualitypointtech.net/timesheetdemo/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LINK1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LINK2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazedemo.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LINK3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T17:02:52.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10324" CreationDate="2016-12-11T17:25:53.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Right off the top I am seeing that generally what I want to do is have a mock database I can populate with test data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually I would consider another option - using stubbing to remove the dependency altogether.  You trust Mongo to do its operations, so stub them out.  This can require some significant test redeisgn but if possible.  For example, if you have a data store for zip codes with 50,000 entries, stub it out and use a few sample values as fixed values in tests.  It will also make the tests more determinate and repeatable for passing / failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-12-11T17:25:53.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24241" CreationDate="2016-12-12T03:54:35.433" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;NO&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to deploy &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMonAgent&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Server Agent&lt;/a&gt; on the Server and activate it by running the bat file on Windows and shell script file on Linux based server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can run your JMeter test from another computer. This doesn't have to be running on the server itself. Server Agent will then send the performance monitoring data to your JMeter test instance and using the Perfmon's Listener you will be able to track the health of your server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T03:54:35.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24267" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24322" CreationDate="2016-12-12T04:35:05.580" Score="2" ViewCount="6877" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen the following two questions and answers on V-Model in ISTQB Foundation Level Sample questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question 1 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/istqb-foundation-level-exam-sample-paper-i/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;18) Which of the following is true of the V-model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a) It states that modules are tested against user requirements. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;b) It only models the testing phase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;c) It specifies the test techniques to be used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;d) It includes the verification of designs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- d) It includes the verification of designs.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question 2 - &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbquestionbank.blogspot.se/2012/01/istqb-foundation-sample-question-paper_290.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;26) Which of the following is true of V-model?&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A. It includes the verification of designs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B. It states that modules are tested against user requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C. It specifies the test techniques to be used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;D. It only models the testing phase.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- B. It states that modules are tested against user requirements.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm in confusion as to what is the correct answer. The syllubus (Page 22 of the 2011 Version) says the following about V-Model:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Software work products (such as business scenarios or use cases, requirements specifications, design documents and code) produced during development are often the basis of testing in one or more test levels&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AND&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Verification and validation can be carried out during the development of the software work products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding, both the following answers are correct based on the definition given by ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It states that modules are tested against user requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It includes the verification of designs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the above two questions and the answers given for them are in contradiction to my understanding. Can someone please help me understand what is the basis for the above two answers given by the specific sites&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T07:27:46.640" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T22:31:26.620" Title="ISTQB (Foundation Level) question on V-Model" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24268" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24529" CreationDate="2016-12-12T05:23:16.227" Score="1" ViewCount="9931" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen the following question and the answer on 'Oracle Assumption' for ISTQB Foundation Level exam (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/istqb-foundation-level-exam-sample-paper-i/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;19    The oracle assumption:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a)    is that there is some existing system against which test output may be checked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;b)    is that the tester can routinely identify the correct outcome of a test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;c)    is that the tester knows everything about the software under test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;d)    is that the tests are reviewed by experienced testers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the site, the answer is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- b) is that the tester can routinely identify the correct outcome of a test.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the ISTQB glossary says that a Test Oracle is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A source to determine expected results to compare with the actual result of the software under test. An oracle may be the existing system (for a benchmark), other software, a user manual, or an individual's specialized knowledge, but should not be the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qualitytesting.info/forum/topics/2064344:Topic:6378&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt; says that the Oracle Assumption is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the assumption that testers will (a) work out expected ourcomes in advance of test execution, as part of test case specification; and (b) avoid doing so by hand wherever possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not find any other exact definition for Oracle Assumption online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two questions :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the answer given to the MCQ is correct/incorrect? Why?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the correct definition of Oracle Assumption for ISTQB - Foundation Level?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T13:06:05.863" Title="Question on Oracle Assumption - ISTQB (Foundation Level)" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17266" CreationDate="2016-12-12T06:01:41.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the white-box Test Cases should be generated based on Design Specifications rather than Requirements Documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-box_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; says White Box Testing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;is a method of testing software that tests internal structures or workings of an application, as opposed to its functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to test the internal structure of an application, Design Specifications (as they usually contain information how the logic are implemented and the internal structure of the applications) would be of more use than Requirements Documentation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T07:24:44.420" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T07:24:44.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24273" CreationDate="2016-12-12T06:29:03.987" Score="3" ViewCount="506" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found the following question in a Sample Paper for ISTQB Foundation Level available online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;16&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is the important criterion in deciding what testing technique to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a. how well you know a particular technique&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;b. the objective of the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;c. how appropriate the technique is for testing the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;d. whether there is a tool to support the technique&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer given by them is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- b. the objective of the test&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I feel that &lt;strong&gt;answer C is also correct&lt;/strong&gt; because the techniques you choose must be appropriate for the application too. For example, if you are testing a dropdown which allows you to select if you are male or female and save it (Let us assume that nothing in the application depends on your choice), there is no point using Decision Table Technique to test the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone justify &lt;strong&gt;why 'only the Answer B' is correct&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T11:55:28.163" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T13:00:51.810" Title="Deciding on a Test Technique - ISTQB (Foundation Level)" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24241" CreationDate="2016-12-12T07:17:35.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to run something called &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMonAgent/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;agent&lt;/a&gt; on the respective server (it is just small Java executable so you will need to have &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jre8-downloads-2133155.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java Runtime&lt;/a&gt; there as well)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VRJyg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VRJyg.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter PerfMon Architecture&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you install and execute the agent on the server you can add Metrics Collector listener on JMeter machine and configure what metrics you need to visualise. JMeter will connect the agent remotely via TCP or UDP, collect necessary metrics and plot them in a chart. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Monitor Your Server Health &amp;amp; Performance During a JMeter Load Test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T07:17:35.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24271" CreationDate="2016-12-12T08:05:14.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the objective of the test is to only test two states this could lead to the appropriate testing technique, since it limits the technique's that are useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To quote from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.professionaltestersmanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Professional Testers Manifesto&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;That testing benefits from diversity and not homogeneity: that testing&#xA;  is not a profession that can be standardized but instead needs to&#xA;  remain an intellectual professional activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think probably both answers are fine. Keep in mind ISTQB is there to get you certified not to teach you good testing by any means. Learn to pass the exam. Let the world teach you how to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="22990" LastEditDate="2016-12-17T13:00:51.810" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T13:00:51.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20226" CreationDate="2016-12-12T08:38:39.770" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How the answers are calculated&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Statements : Simply, these are what you have in the boxes and diamond shapes.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can cover all the statements in the flowchart by writing &lt;strong&gt;1 Test Case&lt;/strong&gt; that follows the following route &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1A-2C-3D-E-4G-5H.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Therefore, the Statement Coverage is 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Branches/Decisions : Decisions that you can take in the process flow diagram (For example, if you consider the statement 2, there are two branches to it)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can cover all the branches in the flowchart by writing &lt;strong&gt;2 Test Cases&lt;/strong&gt; that follow the following two routes&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1A-2C-3D-E-4G-5H&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1A-2B-E-4F&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Therefore, the Branch Coverage is 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Paths : paths that you can take to travel in the flow chart from the start to the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can cover all the paths in the flowchart by writing &lt;strong&gt;4 Test Cases&lt;/strong&gt; that follow the following four routes&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1A-2B-E-4F&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1A-2B-E-4G-5H&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1A-2C-3D-E-4G-5H&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1A-2C-3D-E-4F&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Therefore, the Path Coverage is 4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Coverage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coverage can be calculated for all the three techniques mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Statement coverage&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let us say your test case covers the following route - 1A -&gt; 2B -&gt; E -&gt; 4F&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are &lt;strong&gt;total of 5 Statements&lt;/strong&gt; in your flowchart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;cover only 3 Statements&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calculate the Statement Coverage -  &lt;strong&gt;(3/5)*100&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your Test Case, therefore, has &lt;strong&gt;60% of Statement Coverage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Branch coverage&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let us say your test case covers the following route - 1A -&gt; 2B -&gt; E -&gt; 4F&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are &lt;strong&gt;total of 4 Branches/Decision&lt;/strong&gt; in your flowchart (2 decisions for Statement no 2 and 2 decisions for Statement no 4)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;cover only 2 Branches/Decisions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calculate the Branch/Decision Coverage -  &lt;strong&gt;(2/4)*100&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your Test Case, therefore, has &lt;strong&gt;50% of Statement Coverage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path coverage&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let us say your test case covers the following route - 1A -&gt; 2B -&gt; E -&gt; 4F&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are &lt;strong&gt;total of 4 Paths&lt;/strong&gt; in your flowchart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;cover only 1 Path&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calculate the Path Coverage -  &lt;strong&gt;(1/4)*100&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your Test Case, therefore, has &lt;strong&gt;25% of Path Coverage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this answers your questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find more information about these terms &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hcltech.com/blogs/structure-based-or-whitebox-testing-techniques&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; or a simple Google search would provide you with ample resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T08:38:39.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24275" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24279" CreationDate="2016-12-12T09:06:56.667" Score="4" ViewCount="12151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen the following question in an ISTQB - Foundation Level sample paper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q. 12: If the pseudo code below were a programming language ,how many tests are&#xA;required to achieve 100% statement coverage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If x=3 then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Display_messageX;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If y=2 then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Display_messageY;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Else&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Display_messageZ;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Else&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Display_messageZ;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answers&lt;br&gt;&#xA;A. 1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;B. 2&lt;br&gt;&#xA;C. 3&lt;br&gt;&#xA;D. 4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that the &lt;strong&gt;answer is 2&lt;/strong&gt; because you can cover all the Statements by covering the following paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A,B,C,E,D,G&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A,B,F,G&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/99hVg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/99hVg.png&quot; alt=&quot;Flowchart for the question&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, many web sites (please find a list of sites at the end) say that the &lt;strong&gt;answer is 3&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two questions :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there anything wrong with my flowchart?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why is my answer incorrect?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Links to the places where it says that 3 is the correct answer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vrushali21.blogspot.com/2012/08/decision-coverage-and-branch-coverage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fun with Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testsoftwarefaq.blogspot.com/2013/10/examples-of-statement-branchdecision.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing_Manual_Automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretesting-cafe.blogspot.com/2011/04/branch-coveragestatement.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Testing Cafe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sqa.fyicenter.com/FAQ/ISTQB-Software-Testing-Exam/If_the_pseudocode_below_were_a_programming_langu.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FYI Center&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://istqb.patshala.com/Qpapers/testdesignQpaper1.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Patashala.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T17:40:56.057" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T13:43:07.207" Title="Statement Coverage Question : ISTQB Foundation Level" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;flow-charts&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24275" CreationDate="2016-12-12T09:18:17.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer for this question is 3. Here's why,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 2 if statements here. Each if statement has 2 possible out comes. Hence for each if statement 2 test cases would be required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case mentioned above the if statements are nested, i.e., 1 if statement is within another if statement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for the first if statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 1: If condition true, display message x and go inside the nested if statement (continue to Case 3).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 2: If condition false, skip nested if statement and display message z.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 3:  If nested condition true, display message y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 4: If nested condition false, display message z.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, there are 2 different else statements for the nested if statements. So to cover the else condition(statement) of the inner if statement you will need one additional test case which makes it 3 cases in total.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of nested if conditions my usual approach is &lt;strong&gt;total cases = number of if statements + 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T10:27:20.893" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T10:27:20.893" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24277" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24303" CreationDate="2016-12-12T09:24:12.873" Score="0" ViewCount="7950" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZnHbI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZnHbI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have generated a test suite and  run the testng.xml file and default report is generated accordingly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to modify default generated report. I want to display one column which shows the pass and fail result for each testcase. How do I go about this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T05:53:32.050" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T15:12:10.327" Title="How to modify TestNG report?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5227" CreationDate="2016-12-12T10:12:35.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rogeriodasilva.com/istqb-free-quiz/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quizzes&lt;/a&gt; for all the exam topics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rogeriodasilva.com/software-testing-foundation-topic-cheat-sheet-istqb-iseb/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cheat Sheet&lt;/a&gt; that covers all the topics.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rogeriodasilva.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Summary&lt;/a&gt; of the whole syllabus.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE : You will have to login to access the quizzes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-11T06:17:46.510" LastActivityDate="2018-05-11T06:17:46.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24275" CreationDate="2016-12-12T10:16:51.287" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there anything wrong with my flowchart?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes and no. It is correct &lt;em&gt;functionally&lt;/em&gt;: it describes exactly what the code is supposed to do. However, in code, &lt;code&gt;Display_messageZ&lt;/code&gt; is called in two places (instead of one, as in your chart).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why is my answer incorrect?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because you follow the chart instead of the code, you miss the second call to &lt;code&gt;Display_messageZ&lt;/code&gt; to achieve full statement coverage. It's the same statement, but it is still a different line of code so they both need to be executed with this type of coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T10:16:51.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24280" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24285" CreationDate="2016-12-12T11:01:54.573" Score="1" ViewCount="2083" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found the following question in an ISTQB Foundation Level exam &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingstuff.com/2008/11/istqb-sample-question-paper-4.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sample paper&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q13. ________ and ________ are used within individual workbenches to produce the right output products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A. Tools and techniques&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B. Procedures and standards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C. Processes and walkthroughs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;D. Reviews and update&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct answer is given as &lt;strong&gt;B. Procedures and standards&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my belief is that both &lt;strong&gt;A &amp;amp; B are correct&lt;/strong&gt; because Tools, Techniques, Procedures as well as Standards can be used by an individual employee who works in their own workbench.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone think of a particular reason why only the answer &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt; is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T12:20:10.797" Title="What can be used within individual workbenches to produce the right output? - ISTQB question" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24277" CreationDate="2016-12-12T11:10:03.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several customized report tools available in market. Also you can use some API like &lt;a href=&quot;http://extentreports.relevantcodes.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ExtentReport&lt;/a&gt; which is also useful and most of the functionality is given by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets come to question, Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/testng-tutorials/testng-customize-emailable-html-report-example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refer this link&lt;/a&gt;. Here you can add some lines of java code to add or remove the result of TestNG report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As per my practical example TestNG by default shows parameter as given in email-able Html report. I have run project from testng.xml&lt;/strong&gt; Here file is attached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/abE8p.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/abE8p.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As you want to print whole data regarding the actions and inputs, You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/tutorial-on-log4j-and-logexpert-with-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Log4J&lt;/a&gt;. It would create separate file for logging this type of details with larger configuration.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T05:55:40.183" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T05:55:40.183" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24275" CreationDate="2016-12-12T11:15:33.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correct flow chart --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gQwfI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gQwfI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer is C = 3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A,B, F,G&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A,B, C, E, D, F, G&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A, B,C, E, F, G&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T11:15:33.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6780" CreationDate="2016-12-12T11:36:05.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Microsoft Test Manager(MTM) has the features you look for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a look at this screenshot. This is what you get when you run tests in MTM. It&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shows steps to the tester&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shows the expected results to the tester (Hope this is what you meant)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8nTxR.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8nTxR.png&quot; alt=&quot;MTM Execution window&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing these in the test execution window means that you can &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define Test Scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define Expected results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this tool cannot go into a DB and check if the expected results are achieved unless you completely automate the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also see a window similar to this if you use the Web version of TFS Test Hub to manage your Testing Process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : Image is taken from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudioalm/2012/10/17/pausing-and-resuming-test-execution-from-the-test-runner-in-microsoft-test-manager/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microsoft Blog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T13:32:10.283" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T13:32:10.283" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24284" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24324" CreationDate="2016-12-12T11:48:18.477" Score="3" ViewCount="1197" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I search for BDD and Rest API automation. I get lots of examples where some user scripts a human-readable user story which shows how to use his API. This user calls it BDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But BDD based not only on &lt;em&gt;instrument&lt;/em&gt; to write BDD automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BDD is a process which connects together analytics, customers and programmers together. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my point of view the key of BDD is a user story. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I write this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Positive @Get @User&#xA;Scenario: Show twitter user&#xA;  Given I access the resource url &quot;/1/users/show.json?screen_name=jasonh_n_austin&amp;amp;include_entities=true&quot;&#xA;  When I retrieve the results&#xA;  Then the status code should be 200&#xA;  And it should have the field &quot;name&quot; containing the value &quot;Jason Harmon&quot;&#xA;  And it should have the field &quot;id&quot; containing the value &quot;57005215&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I dont see here a User. I see a couple of http requests and checks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the question is: is it really okay to use bdd tools to automate testing of Rest API or this is usless and better to script your tests on plain code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22897" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T18:08:10.827" Title="BDD &amp; Rest API automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24280" CreationDate="2016-12-12T12:20:10.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools and techniques&lt;/strong&gt; allow you to test in a specific way (depending on the tool, or on which technique used).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They will produce &lt;em&gt;correct output&lt;/em&gt; (as in: the product has been verified correctly by using such a tool/technique).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Procedures and standards&lt;/strong&gt; make sure every individual will test in a similar manner (regardless of which tools/technique is used - or even better: guiding the individual to use specific techniques).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They will produce the correct &lt;em&gt;output products&lt;/em&gt; (as in, for example: test management wants certain reports on certain types of tests run; audit needs to have a paper trail on tests executed in a conform manner, ...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T12:20:10.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6780" CreationDate="2016-12-12T12:21:14.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote &lt;a href=&quot;http://testadore.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestAdore&lt;/a&gt; to do manual testing. It's very simple to &lt;a href=&quot;http://testadore.com/docs/write-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;write a test&lt;/a&gt; because it has only few elements in the description language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the database check, you can &lt;a href=&quot;http://testadore.com/docs/running-programs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;run any program&lt;/a&gt; and check the results of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, a test could look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;!&#xA;Click here, then there&#xA;&#xA;!run wait&#xA;cmd /k mydatabasecheck.exe&#xA;&#xA;?&#xA;The database contained &quot;clicked here, then there&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T12:21:14.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12107" CreationDate="2016-12-12T12:33:38.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Non-functional testing covers below listed testing --&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Baseline testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Compliance testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Documentation testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Endurance testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Load testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Localization testing and Internationalization testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performance testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recovery testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resilience testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Security testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scalability testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stress testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Volume testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question asked for testing of internet banking solution. As per my understanding,  highlighted testing like security, performance, recovery, compliance etc are must to do for internet banking app because &#xA;while accessing banking app on mobile/desktop first point come in mind is security, easy to access(usability), performance of the site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T12:33:38.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24288" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24297" CreationDate="2016-12-12T12:49:34.770" Score="0" ViewCount="805" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a mobile application(Native), few days back we have implemented cache in the application. Now i am not sure how to test it, i can see it storing and taking memory in the settings section.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But is this cache being used again by my application, how to test it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="15909" LastEditDate="2016-12-12T13:04:37.480" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T05:50:40.163" Title="How to test cache in Android/IOS Mobile application?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3411" CreationDate="2016-12-12T14:06:18.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can edit a Test Case while running it now. Here is a screenshot with the edit button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pC61R.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pC61R.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2016-12-12T14:06:18.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-12T18:48:10.327" Score="0" ViewCount="873" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to create a JMeter test that runs until a specific time, entered on the command line. For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.bat -DStopAt=10:00:00 MyTest.jmx&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can this be done with the 'End Time' in the thread scheduler? Or do I need a 'While' loop? How do I use the 'StopAt' parameter passed in on the command line?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22906" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T13:40:47.077" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:40:47.077" Title="How can I make a JMeter test that runs until a specific time?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24292" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-12T23:25:23.867" Score="1" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm an Information System Management graduate from a British university. &#xA;I had many migration in my life. So after my graduation, I moved to Canada and I tried to find a job for more than 3 months but I was not successful. So I went back to my home country and started teaching in a college, however after 2 years of struggling I was not able to live there, so I've decided to go back to Canada. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made lots of mistakes and was misled by many professionals in my field. So I tried to take a Project Management course and sit for PMP but unfortunately I didn't pass the exam and also I found it very frustrating to find a job as a project manager without required experience. Therefore with my knowledge gained from studying for PMP exam, I applied for project coordinator opportunities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I went to many interviews but no chance. After two years of wasting time, now I'm very tired and lost and really don't know what to do. Some people advised me to get a job as QA which I don't have any related experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need help and would be grateful if you share your experiences with me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22910" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T02:38:57.730" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T05:43:06.773" Title="Career path for an Information System Management graduate" Tags="&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24292" CreationDate="2016-12-13T00:10:18.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't want to come across as applying for a job as a last resort. If you are not sure what you want to do, try reading job ads until you find a couple that capture your imagination. Then figure out what you would need to do to be qualified to do that job. From there you can look for more entry level positions that could help lead to your dream job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got into the industry because I met someone at a bar who sold me on the idea of testing games for a living. I read the book they used to train their testers before I had the interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T00:10:18.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24292" CreationDate="2016-12-13T00:17:02.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA, like any other professional occupations, does not always require related experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are only looking at an entry level, for example, Junior test analyst or Junior test engineer, especially manual Junior test analyst, you are more likely to land a job than applying for a more specialized role, such as a test automation engineer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back a few years, I was qualified as an electrical engineer, but I could not find a job as one. I was working as a fly probe technician with minimum pay; after one year, there was a chance that an electronic company was hiring a testing technician; I applied and they hired me based on my experience as a fly probe tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I ended up as a QA tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please also remember, having undergone some kind of training or acquired a professional certificate does not mean that you have the skill to take up that role. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Project Managers are more often hired based on their past experiences, not solely on their qualifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T02:40:56.797" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T02:40:56.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24292" CreationDate="2016-12-13T01:37:03.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;By reading your question, the first thing that came to my mind is that :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You need to improve your English&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many employers look for people who can communicate well, specially if you are applying for posts like Project Managers as the role usually requires you to write reports, plans etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, apply for entry level positions from where you can ultimately be a Project Manager. (I assume your career target is to be a Project Manager). For example,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA &gt; BA &gt; Project Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BA &gt; Project Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project Co-ordinator &gt; Project Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Junior Developer &gt; QA &gt; BA &gt; Projects Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many avenues and it will take some time too. But it is not impossible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you have studied Information Systems, my belief is that you can directly apply as a &lt;strong&gt;Junior BA or BA&lt;/strong&gt; without having experience as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business Analysis is directly linked to Information Systems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other positions like QA, Project Manager require,&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Industry Level experience (specially for Project Management you need solid experience in managing IT products and IT people. You cannot be a project Manager in one day) and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Special skills (To be a QA, you need to have a solid understanding of SQA concepts which you might have not gained during your university career)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is just my idea and hope that works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the best! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T05:43:06.773" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T05:43:06.773" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24288" CreationDate="2016-12-13T03:39:05.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Android&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use DDMS at android developer studio or eclipse (you have to download the ADT plugin for this if you are with eclipse).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inside the DDMS you can monitor cache memory, GC, Threads and more things of an android application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can also dump the memory of the android application and you can do a inspection/go through on the dump and analyze the behavior of cache memory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In iOS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You only have to use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Instruments&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which are built in with Xcode I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T05:50:40.163" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T05:50:40.163" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24228" CreationDate="2016-12-13T05:50:11.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login as Admin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In left side, there is a section named &quot;System&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SfaaH.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SfaaH.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under System you will find a option &quot;Define Custom Fields&quot;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using this option you can create custom fields&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T05:50:11.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24300" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24310" CreationDate="2016-12-13T06:06:18.493" Score="1" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a QA, now I have a chance to learn a development skill under developer instruction. Which one will add more benefit for a QA career path?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Back-end (PHP)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Front-end&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help to shed a light&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T10:28:44.373" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T10:28:44.373" Title="Which development skill/path will add more benefit/value to QA" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;front-end&gt;&lt;back-end&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2016-12-13T11:41:12.057" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24291" CreationDate="2016-12-13T06:34:28.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have 2 options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Change JMeter .jmx file before test runs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enable &quot;Scheduler&quot; and save your test script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Look for the line like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;longProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.end_time&quot;&amp;gt;1481608595082&amp;lt;/longProp&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you will have different numeric value. It is basically test stop time in Unix time. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Substitute this value with the value you need&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do it dynamically, but you will have to do some scripting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a separate Thread Group &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a Beanshell Sampler to this Thread Group&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Put the following code into the Beanshell Sampler's &quot;Script&quot; area&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;&#xA;&#xA;String input = System.getProperty(&quot;StopAt&quot;);&#xA;SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;hh:mm:ss&quot;);&#xA;Date now = new Date();&#xA;Date stop = sdf.parse(input);&#xA;Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();&#xA;int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);&#xA;int month = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH);&#xA;int day = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);&#xA;cal.setTime(stop);&#xA;cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, year);&#xA;cal.set(Calendar.MONTH, month);&#xA;cal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, day);&#xA;stop = cal.getTime();&#xA;&#xA;if (now.compareTo(stop) &amp;gt;= 0) {&#xA;    log.info(&quot;--- Stopping the test --- &quot;);&#xA;    SampleResult.setStopTest(true);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;SampleResult&lt;/code&gt; - is a pre-defined variable which stands for current (Beanshell Sampler) &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/samplers/SampleResult.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SampleResult&lt;/a&gt;, see the JavaDoc for all available methods and fields, the most interesting in your case are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/samplers/SampleResult.html#setStopTest(boolean)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;setStopTest()&lt;/a&gt; - ASK threads to stop (graceful shutdown may require some time)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/api/org/apache/jmeter/samplers/SampleResult.html#setStopTestNow(boolean)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;setStopTestNow()&lt;/a&gt; - TELL threads to stop (you may have some extra errors due to abnormal threads termination)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also want to check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use BeanShell: JMeter's Favorite Built-in Component&lt;/a&gt; article for more information about extending your JMeter tests using scripting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qyod0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qyod0.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Beanshell Stop at specific time demo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T06:34:28.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24277" CreationDate="2016-12-13T07:20:09.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In package explorer-&gt;test-output-&gt;right click on emailable-report.html  file and open with texteditor. change name by default(Parameter#1) to &quot;Name&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T07:20:09.817" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24307" CreationDate="2016-12-13T07:23:37.530" Score="4" ViewCount="8258" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is yet another question that confuses me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is the best definition of complete testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A.   You have discovered every bug in the program.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B.   You have tested every statement, branch, and combination of branches in the program.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C.   You have completed every test in the test plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;D.   You have reached the scheduled ship date.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My answer is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;C : You have completed every test in the test plan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and the reasons are given below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A. You have discovered every bug in the program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is practically impossible. Therefore, it cannot be the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;B.    You have tested every statement, branch, and combination of&#xA;  branches in the program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How about non-functional testing etc? Testing every statement,branch and combination of branches cannot be justified as complete Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C.    You have completed every test in the test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume that all the required test cases are put into a test plan. In that case, after completing every test case, you can say 'I have completed Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;D.    You have reached the scheduled ship date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reaching the scheduled ship date cannot be the definition of complete testing. Reasons are pretty obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;a href=&quot;https://testpot.com/online-test/584f8ce32527e45e669ea182/report/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Pot&lt;/a&gt; says that the correct answer is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;D : You have reached the scheduled ship date.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EbrE8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EbrE8.png&quot; alt=&quot;Definition of complete testing&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me identify what is the correct answer to this question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T21:57:00.197" Title="Definition of complete testing - ISTQB Foundation Level" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24304" CreationDate="2016-12-13T07:29:59.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose the most appropriate definition of Complete Testing would be &lt;strong&gt;&quot;All stakeholders (people who matter) are satisfied with the quality of software&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that is all up to an individual's opinion and hence the definition would differ from person to person. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just go with the one that makes most sense to you. Don't take the certification exam too seriously. Rather try to observe and understand things and then practice testing and interact with other people (testers, dev, management) to learn from and share knowledge with about QA and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the certification exam is concerned, this question will allow you to choose a combination of answers and hence you can choose C and D. If you are to choose only one, I'm think C is the best fit of the available options. Don't stress too much on the other answer on some website. They may be wrong!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T08:10:37.860" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T08:10:37.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24304" CreationDate="2016-12-13T07:36:13.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yeah, my original answer was B. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please do not take this ISTQB answer too seriously. They are merely guidelines. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few weeks ago. I was studying towards ATTA ISTQB certificate and I came across one question. It goes something like: Who are a technical test analyst working within a development team? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A: Business Analysts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;B: Test analysts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C: Developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;D: Customers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer was C, but in real life, how can you DEFINE who a technical test analyst will be working with? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For questions like those, remember the answers and tell yourself: ISTQB is not real life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T07:36:13.473" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24304" CreationDate="2016-12-13T08:01:08.060" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct answer seems to be C.&#xA;Keep in mind though, that not all of &lt;strong&gt;these online questions are actual ISTQB exams questions&lt;/strong&gt;, and even if they are, &lt;strong&gt;answers are not always correct&lt;/strong&gt; (as you can see).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A more relevant (and more likely to occur) question would be this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When should you stop testing?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when time for testing has run out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when all planned tests have been run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when the test completion criteria have been met&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when no faults have been found by the tests run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In relation to the previous question, don't be tempted to give the same answer here (i.e. 2).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T08:01:08.060" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24304" CreationDate="2016-12-13T08:21:40.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer is also C&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C. You have completed every test in the test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T08:21:40.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24300" CreationDate="2016-12-13T10:28:03.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends, both paths back-end and front-end have their testing challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would start with front-end, because understanding the basics of a web-application is very useful when when creating end-2-end UI-automation tests with for example Selenium/WebDriver. As Selenium/WebDriver is the facto standard this makes this most sense from a career perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning how the back-end works later might also be easier if you understand how the front-end access API's and such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Go full-stack:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best would be to learn and create a simple full-stack application in your training. So including back-end and front-end, but also including all the automated tests that you typically need coverage for: Unit-tests, Integration tests and Functional end-2-end test. Understanding the full life-cycle was very helpful for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T10:28:03.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9313" CreationDate="2016-12-13T12:03:06.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with the above answer. Internal transfers are the best way to go. However, if you do not find any opportunity, try to find a place which looks for a manual tester to test the applications that deal with your area of expertise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T12:03:06.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16677" CreationDate="2016-12-13T12:20:55.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you use Team Services with MTM. In that case, let us get the basics right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Shared Steps are another &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/docs/work/guidance/agile-process-workflow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Work Item Type&lt;/a&gt; and Work Items can manully be deleted using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/docs/work/backlogs/remove-delete-work-items#permanently-delete-work-items-command-line-tool&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;command line tool.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess the above links would help you get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : I assumed certain things while writing the answer. Please let me know if my assumptions are wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T12:20:55.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7530" CreationDate="2016-12-13T14:02:08.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to all the high /  medium / low priority types of rankings I also find we consider the following categorizations, both separately and as factors leading to the ranking level:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Affect on bottom line revenue, e.g. this will double our revenue!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of users affected, e.g. will help 70% of our user base&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Platform, e.g. we don't fix ie8 issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Future business plans, e.g. that feature ends next month anyway&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Investment in the business, e.g. if we fix this bug it'll help our IPO!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quality of data that we send to our business partners, e.g. lead generation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In many cases we use labels to mark tickets for the above categories and are then able to search based on the labels we've previously applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T14:02:08.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24315" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-13T18:46:45.980" Score="0" ViewCount="8386" Body="&lt;p&gt;In dropdown list is element &quot;Set time&quot; but this element is not currently visible.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HWy4I.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HWy4I.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying set &lt;code&gt;driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&lt;/code&gt; and also window size to 1920, 1080.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.IsTrue(driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Set time&quot;)).Displayed);&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Set time&quot;)).Click();&#xA;Thread.Sleep(2000);&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;retM&quot;)).Clear();&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;retM&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;btnOK_CD&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm unable to click on element by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Set time&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and in the next step of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;retM&quot;)).Clear();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got exception Element is not currently interactable and may not be manipulated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying to select element by XPath, by CSS, by Id...with same result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, can you help me how to click on not currently visible element in dropdown menu ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22927" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T17:43:14.297" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T17:43:14.297" Title="Unable to click on not currently visible element in dropdown menu" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24315" CreationDate="2016-12-13T18:56:05.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That the whole point of Selenium. If user cannot do it (like when element is hidden), Selenium (by design) does not allow to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T18:56:05.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-13T20:50:17.457" Score="2" ViewCount="468" Body="&lt;p&gt;My software testing experience is from a functional business scenario background. I am moving to another job that is very similar to this but is predominantly web-based testing. Do you know what differences in testing approaches and coverage I might potentially see from functional (predominantly) Web testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apologies if this is a vague Question. Brief Description of duties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience in a software testing role performing functional,&#xA;integration and regression testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good understanding of the software development life-cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good understanding of testing methodologies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test resource planning and assignment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis of functionality delivered vs. business requirement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22929" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-12-13T21:14:33.403" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T17:51:40.560" Title="Web-application software testing fundamentals (Test Analyst)" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-17T18:36:48.233" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24317" CreationDate="2016-12-13T21:21:30.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional testing is a huge topic, it kinds of includes web-based testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web-testing has received a huge amount of attention in recent years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For starters, you may want to check out Selenium IDE, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE plug in link&lt;/a&gt;. It is a very useful record-and-replay tool for web testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you have more experience, you will be asked to develop automated test scripts; then you want to check it out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/a&gt;. You can implement a page object model in popular languages such as Python, C#, Java and etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While testing web pages, you will sure come across &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/xml/xpath_intro.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xpath&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_selectors.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Css Selectors&lt;/a&gt;, you can find their cheat sheet here. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.simple-talk.com/dotnet/.net-framework/xpath,-css,-dom-and-selenium-the-rosetta-stone/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xpath, Css Selector cheat sheets&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T21:21:30.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24319" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24375" CreationDate="2016-12-13T21:37:49.407" Score="3" ViewCount="3400" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running some jmeter tests through command line, and in that command I have the statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-l testresults.jtl&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which of course outputs the jmeter results into a file that is called &quot;testresults&quot;. My question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a way in command line to give a unique name to the test&#xA;  results file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to append the name of the test, along with a time stamp in order to keep it unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T12:29:47.247" Title="Creating a unique name for .jtl file in command line" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24271" CreationDate="2016-12-13T21:39:31.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;The Objective of the test&quot; is the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As your objective will decide what you want to achieve from the Test. And by foreseeing your end result, you decide which technique you want to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, At different stages of software development cycle(or test cycle) you choose different technique to perform the test. You can't decide the technique by &quot;how appropriate the technique is for testing the application&quot;, it can be best technique but other constrains might not allow you to choose/use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in ISTQB exams, you will feel each option is the answer, but we need to choose the best suitable one. I am completely agree with what Niels said above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18421" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T21:39:31.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24317" CreationDate="2016-12-13T21:41:28.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is usually divided between manual and automation.  Automation requires programming skills and pays more.  &lt;strong&gt;You learn by doing in your spare time&lt;/strong&gt;.  There are plenty of free tutorials and free tools that you can install on your machine and start to learn. Put in the evening and weekend hours.  It is only work if there is something else you would rather be doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinggenius.com/download/CBOK.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CBOK&lt;/a&gt; is old but might be of use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testinginstitute.com/stabok.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Test Automation Body of Knowledge (STABOK)&lt;/a&gt; might also be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your previous testing experience you will know that there are &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/data_driven_testing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;data driven testing&lt;/a&gt; and choice driven testing techniques. On a webpage, the user can choose which buttons to click and which pages to navigate to.  I create an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/uml/uml_activity_diagram.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;activity diagram&lt;/a&gt; to represent these choices.  Then starting at the top I use a yellow hi-lighter to trace a path from the top to an exit point.  This path is given a descriptive title and becomes test case #1. I then trace another path from top to bottom and label this test case #2. I continue doing this until all the paths in the activity diagram are covered.  Industry statistics will tell you that covering 100% of the paths will uncover 86% to 94% of the latent bugs in a system.  Uncovering the remaining bugs will cost ten times the amount spent on path coverage and is only justified for life critical systems.  For a business application, have support open a bug for the last row being cut-off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/uml/uml_use_case_diagram.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Use cases&lt;/a&gt; are really just flattened activity diagrams convenient for representation in Microsoft Word.  The first thing that I do with a use case is to transform it into an activity diagram so that I can generate test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Agile and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/behavior_driven_development/index.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behavior Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; often go hand in hand. Learning &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cucumber/index.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cucumber&lt;/a&gt; will help here. The BDD language for cucumber is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cucumber/cucumber_gherkins.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gherkin&lt;/a&gt; which can be used even for manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A journey of a thousand days begins with a single step.  Enjoy the journey.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastEditorUserId="17587" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T17:51:40.560" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T17:51:40.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24267" CreationDate="2016-12-13T22:05:32.663" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to me, &quot;It includes the verification of designs.&quot; is the correct answer to this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As this is the main advantage of using the V model in software development life cycle. Verification and Validation goes along through out the multiple stages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other answer, which you mentioned above is applicable for all kind of software development life cycles. User requirements are the bible for all Testing activities irrespective of what kind of model you are using. You always test the modules against the user requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18421" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T22:05:32.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1944" CreationDate="2016-12-13T22:09:59.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could call this &lt;strong&gt;testing in production&lt;/strong&gt;. There's been a lot of discussion of that - see for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.theguardian.com/info/developer-blog/2016/dec/05/testing-in-production-how-we-combined-tests-with-monitoring&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Testing in Production: How we combined tests with monitoring&quot;&gt;Testing in Production: How we combined tests with monitoring, Jonathan Hare-Winton &amp;amp; Sam Cutler, The Guardian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22930" LastActivityDate="2016-12-13T22:09:59.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24284" CreationDate="2016-12-14T02:08:17.743" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer is yes. It is really okay to use bdd tools to automate testing of a Rest API&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI testing involves HTML, JavaScript and a DOM.  The BDD should describe behavior.  Given, When, Then statements that describe actions like click a button miss the point of BDD.  What behavior are you trying to test?  The application could change the actions that implement that behavior but good BDD would still be valid.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So where are the actions? In the step definitions? I say that actions like button clicking should be encapsulated in page objects.  The step definitions that implement the Given, When, Then statements contain the assertions, control logic and the calls to page objects requesting behavior.  The page object methods should reflect behavior.  The page object methods translate behavior into actions such as button clicks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which brings me to my point.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;API actions &lt;strong&gt;replace&lt;/strong&gt; page actions!  Instead of interrogating a DOM you send HTTP requests and/or parse an HTTP response block. Or you issue SQL to a back end database, warehouse or business intelligence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the BDD is much the same for API testing as it is for UI testing. API testing replaces page objects with API objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastEditorUserId="17587" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T05:18:29.003" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T05:18:29.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24315" CreationDate="2016-12-14T03:23:04.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After opening the drop down menu, try to scroll down till the link you want to click is visible and then click it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to scroll with something like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = driver.FindElement(By.id(&quot;element-id&quot;));&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;actions.MoveToElement(element);&#xA;actions.Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElementByClassName(&quot;body&quot;).SendKeys(Keys.PageDown); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;followed by your code to click on the link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T03:23:04.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24326" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-14T04:06:38.360" Score="1" ViewCount="410" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been spending for at least 3 months building a Test Automation Framework from scratch using &lt;strong&gt;Selenium WebDriver(Java)&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;TestNG&lt;/strong&gt;. I have adapted the concepts of &lt;strong&gt;page-object-model&lt;/strong&gt;, integrated &lt;strong&gt;excel functionality to save the test data,&lt;/strong&gt; added an &lt;strong&gt;ExtentReports&lt;/strong&gt; rather than the default TestNG reporting and also I've included &lt;strong&gt;object property file&lt;/strong&gt; to my project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may sound silly but, I don't have any idea how to integrate other project in the framework that I've made. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; Let's say my project name for the framework is AutomationFramework, now when there's a new project example WebAppProject1, how should WebAppProject1 interact with AutomationFramework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; How would I achieve the files from the framework in order for it to be used in WebAppProject1?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AutomationFramework project includes the ff classes:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. Testcase.java - &lt;em&gt;includes all @Test methods like Signup, Login, ForgotPassword&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. Page Object classes - &lt;em&gt;classes that locate webElements. Login.java, Signup.java and so on&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c. UserDetails.java - &lt;em&gt;class that returns random data to Testcase.java like Firstname, Lastname and so on&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d. ExcelConfig.java - &lt;em&gt;class which sets up excel functionality like check last row and adding all test data to the excel file&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e. ConfigProperty.java - &lt;em&gt;this class calls the property name for each variables stored in object repository like app url, chromedriver path, excel path and so on&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;f. Config.property - *holds the app url, chromedriver path, excel path and so on *&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Any feedback from you guys are much appreciated. Thank you so much. Cheers everyone!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastActivityDate="2019-07-31T13:42:52.923" Title="Test Automation Framework: How to integrate other project to a Black-box Automation Test Framework" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24317" CreationDate="2016-12-14T04:23:55.747" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's too broad topic. Here are some capsulized fundamentals and you can research on each points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Web application testing&lt;/strong&gt;, a software testing technique exclusively adopted to test the applications that are hosted on web in which the application interfaces and other functionalities are tested.&#xA;Some or all of the following testing types may be performed depending on your web testing requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Functionality Testing&lt;/strong&gt; - This is used to check if your product is as per the specifications you intended for it as well as the functional requirements you charted out for it in your developmental documentation.The below are some of the checks that are performed but not limited to the below list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify there is no dead page or invalid redirects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First check all the validations on each field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wrong inputs to perform negative testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the workflow of the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the data integrity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA; - &#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Usability testing&lt;/strong&gt; - Usability testing has now become a vital part of any web based project. It can be carried out by testers like you or a small focus group similar to the target audience of the web application.To verify how the application is easy to use with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test the navigation and controls.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Content checking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for user intuition.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Interface testing&lt;/strong&gt; - Performed to verify the interface and the dataflow from one system to other. Three areas to be tested here are - Application , Web and Database Server&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Application&lt;/em&gt;: Test  requests are sent correctly to the Database and output at the client side is displayed correctly. Errors if any must be caught by the application and must be only shown to the administrator and not the end user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Web Server&lt;/em&gt;: Test  Web server is handling all application requests without any service denial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Database Server&lt;/em&gt;: Make sure queries sent to the database give expected results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test system response when connection between the three layers (Application, Web and Database) can not be established and appropriate message is shown to the end user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Compatibility testing&lt;/strong&gt; - Compatibility testing is performed based on the context of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser compatibility&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operating system compatibility&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compatible to various devices like notebook, mobile, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Performance testing&lt;/strong&gt; - Performed to verify the server response time and throughput under various load conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Load testing -&lt;/em&gt; It is the simplest form of testing conducted to understand the behaviour of the system under a specific load. Load testing will result in measuring important business critical transactions and load on the database, application server, etc. are also monitored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Stress testing -&lt;/em&gt; It is performed to find the upper limit capacity of the system and also to determine how the system performs if the current load goes well above the expected maximum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Soak testing -&lt;/em&gt; Soak Testing also known as endurance testing, is performed to determine the system parameters under continuous expected load. During soak tests the parameters such as memory utilization is monitored to detect memory leaks or other performance issues. The main aim is to discover the system's performance under sustained use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spike testing -&lt;/em&gt; Spike testing is performed by increasing the number of users suddenly by a very large amount and measuring the performance of the system. The main aim is to determine whether the system will be able to sustain the work load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6.Database Testing&lt;/strong&gt;- Database is one critical component of your web application and stress must be laid to test it thoroughly. Testing activities will include-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test if any errors are shown while executing queries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Integrity is maintained while creating , updating or deleting&#xA;data in database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check response time of queries and fine tune them if necessary.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test data retrieved from your database is shown accurately in your&#xA;web application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;.7 Security testing -&lt;/strong&gt; Performed to verify if the application is secured on web as data theft and unauthorized access are more common issues and below are some of the techniques to verify the security level of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Injection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Broken Authentication and Session Management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Insecure Direct Object References&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Misconfiguration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sensitive Data Exposure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Missing Function Level Access Control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T04:23:55.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24326" CreationDate="2016-12-14T04:34:53.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should make your framework as abstract as possible so that your actual project can implement your framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your framework, you have an abstract page that has:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;page title&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;page header&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also have an abstract button that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can be clicked (clickable)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this button's name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When it comes to actual project implementation, you can inherit from your abstract classes to realize actual implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T04:34:53.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3481" CreationDate="2016-12-14T05:03:41.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In python, to assert that something is visible use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.is_displayed()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is_displayed() will wait until the element is visible or it will timeout&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to assert that an element is not visible use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.is_not_displayed()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if the element is not displayed it will return True immediately&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22934" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T05:03:41.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24319" CreationDate="2016-12-14T05:44:52.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JMeter-only solution&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#listeners&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Listener&lt;/a&gt; of your choice to the test plan and configure to store it whatever you want in a file. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__time()&lt;/a&gt; function as a part of file name to make current timestamp a part of it &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Non-JMeter solution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question itself is not very related to JMeter, you can pass whatever you want via &lt;code&gt;-l&lt;/code&gt; parameter and JMeter tries to store test results in that location, so few ideas on getting timestamps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerShellv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windows Powershell&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;code&gt;Get-Date -UFormat &quot;%s&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Linux/Unix/MacOSX (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bash shell&lt;/a&gt;): &lt;code&gt;date +%s&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.programmerplanet.org/projects/jmeter-ant-task/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache Ant&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://ant.apache.org/manual/Tasks/tstamp.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tstamp task&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apache Maven: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jmeter-maven-plugin/jmeter-maven-plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Maven Plugin&lt;/a&gt; automatically appends timestamp to results files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4AV9P.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4AV9P.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Command Line Timestamp Demp&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on different ways of launching JMeter tests without using GUI check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/5-ways-launch-jmeter-test-without-using-jmeter-gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Five Ways To Launch a JMeter Test without Using the JMeter GUI&lt;/a&gt; article&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T05:44:52.470" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24332" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24333" CreationDate="2016-12-14T06:42:36.907" Score="3" ViewCount="2785" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am recently selected in interview panel for Automation Engineers. As i have never taken interviews till now, i am confused about how to judge a candidate? What kind of question should i ask to him and what i should expect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question asked &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/969/how-should-you-interview-for-qa-automation-positions&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is something different, He is more into how should i interview if candidate doesn't into testing but he is a coder(exact phrase from question : His question is &quot;besides some basic programming questions, maybe a single very basic testing question, what else should I ask ?&quot;) and creating frameworks but my question is if a person knows both testing and fundamentals of automation as well , as per my understanding a test engineer should be aware of manual testing process as well even if candidate is more into automation, What should i ask him and how can i judge him based on those questions.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T12:43:19.503" Title="What kind of questions should i ask a Automation Test Engineer candidate and how should i judge him?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-14T12:56:39.253" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24332" CreationDate="2016-12-14T07:06:33.653" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To interview a technical tester for automation, I would certainly ask the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have you written any frameworks around a specific tool (Selenium, CodedUI, ...)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which tool do you prefer and why?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What approach did you use for the framework? (How does it work conceptually and technically?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you feed data to the tests (and why do you prefer XML/Excel/...)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where do you think the complexity should be (data, test scenarios or framework code) and why?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are strengths and weaknesses of your framework?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lessons learned? Or what would you solve differently next time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is your opinion on (the practical value of) a BDD framework on top of the core framework?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially the second half of the questions are important, because anyone can copy a framework skeleton from the internets. But if they can reflect on the pros and cons of a certain way of working, and improve on that: that's an essential skill, more so if your test automation needs to be set up from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T07:06:33.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24332" CreationDate="2016-12-14T07:28:22.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For automation tester -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask questions related to framework he worked or used?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask to write a code for some algorithm and check the logic he is applying.&#xA;Ex - To read data from excel, comparison of data, to find broken link on web page etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As per used tool experience, ask how to debug the code?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How To start automation in any new project?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Question related to -- error handling? synchronize? run time object property identification?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;automation result reporting way?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;experience on Automated Scripts Review (Code review)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask database connection script to retrieve the data?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T07:28:22.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-14T11:28:53.553" Score="0" ViewCount="2442" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to convert my Selenium code(Selenium with TestNG) to the Jar (Executable Jar file) which can be double clicked to execute.&#xA;I did some research and found the way to do it. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/11837/how-to-run-all-selenium-test-cases-via-batch-file?answertab=votes#tab-top&quot;&gt;Executable Jar File Research - 1&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37225903/how-to-run-selenium-webdriver-test-cases-from-command-line-without-testng-maven?answertab=votes#tab-top&quot;&gt;Executable Jar File Research - 2&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the ways but not able to do so.&#xA;Also, I would point out that my Selenium code does not have main method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error: I am not getting any Launch configuration while converting it to Jar.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uUCGe.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uUCGe.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can some tell me where am i going wrong in this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDITED CODE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.gs.TestSuiteBase;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.gs.Access.*;&#xA;import com.gs.Global.Constant;&#xA;import com.gs.Global.ExcelUtility;&#xA;import com.gs.Search.Search;&#xA;import com.gs.TestDataLibrary.*;&#xA;import com.gs.TestSuiteLibrary.*;&#xA;import com.gs.TransactionsCustomer.CustomerBase;&#xA;&#xA;import transactions.*;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestSuiteBase {&#xA;    //Driver Declaration&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    //Page Object Declaration - Functions&#xA;    public Login objLogin = new Login();&#xA;    public Search objSearch = new Search();&#xA;    public Customer objCustomer = new Customer();&#xA;    public Logout objLogout = new Logout();&#xA;&#xA;    //Page object Declaration - Data Library&#xA;    public LoginDataLibrary objLoginData = new LoginDataLibrary();&#xA;    public CustomerDataLibrary objCustomerData = new CustomerDataLibrary();&#xA;&#xA;    //Page Object Declaration - Suite Library&#xA;    public TestSuiteLibrary objTestSuite = new TestSuiteLibrary();&#xA;    public TransactionsCustomer objCustomerTestCase = new TransactionsCustomer();&#xA;    public CustomerBase objCustomerBase = new CustomerBase();&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public static void main() {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;*******************&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;launching IE browser&quot;);&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, Constant.driverAccess);&#xA;        driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test (priority = 1)&#xA;    public void getPageTitle() {&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(Constant.gavasevaUrl);&#xA;        String strPageTitle = driver.getTitle();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Page title: - &quot;+strPageTitle);&#xA;        Assert.assertTrue(strPageTitle.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;Ganaseva Login&quot;), &quot;Page title doesn't match&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test (priority = 2)&#xA;    public void login() throws Exception {&#xA;        ExcelUtility.setExcelFile(Constant.testDataFileAccess,&quot;LoginData&quot;);&#xA;        objLoginData.setLoginDataLibraryCompleteData();&#xA;        objLogin.performLogin(driver, objLoginData.getLoginName(), objLoginData.getPassword(), objLoginData.getCaptcha());&#xA;        objLogin.assertLogin(driver);&#xA;        objLogin.assertUserName(driver, objLoginData.getuserFullName());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test (priority = 3)&#xA;    public void createCustomer() throws Exception {&#xA;        ExcelUtility.setExcelFile(Constant.testSuiteFileAccess,&quot;TestSuiteList&quot;);&#xA;        objTestSuite.setTestSuiteLibrary(1);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Suite: &quot; + objTestSuite.getSuiteNo() + &quot; &quot; + objTestSuite.getSuiteName());&#xA;&#xA;        if(objTestSuite.getSuiteToRun().equals(&quot;YES&quot;)) {&#xA;            //Call Customer Base to execute Customer Test Cases;&#xA;            objCustomerBase.customerTestCasesExection(driver);&#xA;            }&#xA;        else {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Skipped&quot;);&#xA;            //Set Execution details in &quot;TestSuite.xlsx&quot; file;&#xA;            ExcelUtility.setCellData(Constant.testSuiteFileAccess, &quot;Skipped&quot;, 1, 9);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test (priority = 4)&#xA;    public void logout() {&#xA;        objLogout.performLogout(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterClass&#xA;    public void tearDown() {&#xA;        if(driver!=null) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Closing IE browser&quot;);&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T09:00:43.813" Title="Unable to convert Selenium code into Executable Jar" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;export&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-22T11:10:42.010" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24326" CreationDate="2016-12-14T12:23:29.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked in the similar way where I had developed an automation framework which I have implemented on similar kind of projects(I work on Banking applications, so they have &quot;almost&quot; every functionality and fields same).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Suite file(Excel file): It contains the list of all the modules(say Scenarios) of the application with the flag &lt;code&gt;suiteToRun&lt;/code&gt; which helps me to execute specific suites too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Data file(Excel file): It contains the data which needs to be passed to the application based on which module I am executing.&#xA;Elements file(Excel file): It contains all the Element IDs needed i the application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have nowhere hardcoded any data or Element locator in the script which helped me to move to another project with minor changes (mostly in Excel file But few in code(for specific conditions))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it should give you some better idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T12:23:29.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24335" CreationDate="2016-12-14T12:56:18.233" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot create an executable jar without a main method.&#xA;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14506704/how-to-generate-jar-file-with-no-main-method&quot;&gt;Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T12:56:18.233" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24340" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-14T13:58:35.680" Score="7" ViewCount="1217" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a test engineer or QA engineer it is very important to have at least one of the Software testing certifications. This will help to broaden the software testing knowledge, also helpful for testing employees to get the promotion in their respective field in large MNC’s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QAI, ASQ, ISQTB and several other institutes are offering testing specific certifications. These certifications improve the confidence of the clients on the testing professionals. CQTM, PMP are some managerial certifications, which help the testers to scale up in the professional ladder. Certifications on the testing tools offered by vendors like HP increases the technical competency of the individual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I would like to do Certified Ethical Hacker course. Will this course help to boost up my QA career in a security perspective? Can any one give me a proper guidance regarding this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T18:37:54.147" Title="Ethical Hacking career options for qa professionals" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24277" CreationDate="2016-12-14T16:55:33.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you should be able to override the report creation by creating your own &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_custom_reporter.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;implementation of IReporter interface&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.Map;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.IReporter;&#xA;import org.testng.ISuite;&#xA;import org.testng.ISuiteResult;&#xA;import org.testng.ITestContext;&#xA;import org.testng.xml.XmlSuite;&#xA;&#xA;public class CustomReporter implements IReporter{&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public void generateReport(List xmlSuites, List suites,&#xA;        String outputDirectory) {&#xA;        // Iterating over each suite included in the test&#xA;        for (ISuite suite : suites) {&#xA;            // Following code gets the suite name&#xA;            String suiteName = suite.getName();&#xA;        // Getting the results for the said suite&#xA;        Map suiteResults = suite.getResults();&#xA;        for (ISuiteResult sr : suiteResults.values()) {&#xA;            ITestContext tc = sr.getTestContext();&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Passed tests for suite '&quot; + suiteName +&#xA;                 &quot;' is:&quot; + tc.getPassedTests().getAllResults().size());&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Failed tests for suite '&quot; + suiteName +&#xA;                 &quot;' is:&quot; + tc.getFailedTests().getAllResults().size());&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Skipped tests for suite '&quot; + suiteName +&#xA;                 &quot;' is:&quot; + tc.getSkippedTests().getAllResults().size());&#xA;          }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22947" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T15:43:50.220" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:43:50.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24340" CreationDate="2016-12-14T18:46:01.743" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have a few options if you want to become a security QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CEH: please bear in mind, CEH council needs you to demonstrate that you have worked in software security industry for a few years otherwise you will have to attend their training course.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ISTQB security tester certificate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kali Linux certificate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;As a test engineer or QA engineer it is very important to have at least one of the Software testing certifications.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; This statement is not necessarily true. I have seen testers without any kind of certificates but have demonstrated real industry skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The real reason why people are getting certificates is that nowadays, recruiters use bots to screen candidates from Linkedin (for example). The screening criteria they have configured perhaps include &quot;ISTQB&quot; and/or &quot;CEH&quot;, if you do not have them, you do not even make it through the initial screening process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Security testing is a completely different kind of animal:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing needs a very different kind of mindset. CEH shows merely the doorway into this industry. It may get you through the initial screening process but during interviews, you will be challenged with real life problems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software security has been identified as one of the most promising career paths in 2017, getting a CEH is a good start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-12-14T18:54:42.667" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T18:54:42.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16772" CreationDate="2016-12-14T18:49:20.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I simply defaulted selenium driver to open a browser resolution that will fit on both machines and even switched the xpath to css selector. Made it much easier for me to find the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22949" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T18:49:20.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24345" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-14T22:07:24.527" Score="0" ViewCount="327" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between the Behave tables you can write in BDD (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://pythonhosted.org/behave/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;python-behave&lt;/a&gt;) and model-based testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such tables seem to generate a model for your test which you can use to test your system with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22953" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T23:57:43.897" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T23:57:43.897" Title="Difference between Behave tables and Model Based testing" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;model-based-testing&gt;&lt;behave&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24345" CreationDate="2016-12-14T22:28:02.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are comparing &lt;strong&gt;Behave Tables&lt;/strong&gt; you can write using python-behave and &lt;strong&gt;model-based testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are not really comparable, in an analogy, comparing Behave Tables with model-based testing is like comparing Fish &amp;amp; Chips with Asian cuisine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fish &amp;amp; Chips belongs to English cuisine, you can not compare a certain food with a category of cooking style (Asian cuisine)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Behave tables is a certain technique that belongs to BDD, you can not compare a certain technique with an abstract testing approach (model-based testing).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is an example I managed to find:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Scenario: Setup Table&#xA;     Given a set of specific users:&#xA;        | name      | department  |&#xA;        | Barry     | Beer Cans   |&#xA;        | Pudey     | Silly Walks |&#xA;        | Two-Lumps | Silly Walks |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Above is a Behave table you can generate using python-behave, they are a table of keywords that you can use to describe a test in a more human readable way, instead of writing &lt;code&gt;&quot;user.CallFunctionX()&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, you can write &lt;code&gt;Barry picks up Beer Cans&lt;/code&gt;. BDD's objective is to save technical details from non-technical staff such as business analysts by providing high level human-readable keywords.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Model-based testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is a different testing approach from BDD. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Common practice is to use some kind of automated tool to generate an abstract model of the system under test. Then based on this abstract model, decide what to test and how to test(including using BDD as a technique). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T22:28:02.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24267" CreationDate="2016-12-14T22:31:26.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the real problem is how ISTQB run their certification programme.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They have a predetermined pass/fail rate for their courses (I think 2/3 pass rate). Because the content itself is straightforward, they ensure a certain percentage of applicants fail by making the questions vague and confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's immoral in my view, and I don't put any weight on whether a person is ISTQB certified or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6864" LastActivityDate="2016-12-14T22:31:26.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24348" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-14T23:51:49.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tools are commonly used when generating models. Models describe functions of the system under test and interactions among different modules. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests can be derived from studying the generated models manually or tests can be generated automatically with specialized tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-based_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Model based testing wikipedia link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T05:01:08.873" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T05:01:08.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24349" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-14T23:51:49.913" Score="0" Body="Model based testing is a testing technique that creates abstract functional models of system under tests, and derive test cases based on the create models." OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T05:01:13.580" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T05:01:13.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24291" CreationDate="2016-12-15T00:21:42.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create a cron job that executes at the desired stop time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;killall -9 jmeter&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T00:21:42.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24340" CreationDate="2016-12-15T03:09:43.887" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a test engineer or QA engineer it is very important to have at least one of the Software testing certifications. This will help to broaden the software testing knowledge, also helpful for testing employees to get the promotion in their respective field in large MNC’s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is merely a myth. Most certifications out there don't really help you learn testing. They don't give you practical knowledge. Only by practicing testing and improvising and learning new skills will make you a better tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the promotions and good raise, that's may happen sometime, but not always. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some companies do fancy hiring people with certifications on hand, but it's not really important to be certified to have a good career in Testing and QA. If you actively keep learning and getting better at your work each day you will definitely have a good career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About &lt;strong&gt;Certified Ethical Hacker&lt;/strong&gt; course helping boost your career, well, that totally depends on you. If you find out shortcuts and cheat-sheets to clear the examination merely to get a piece of paper that says you are Certified Ethical Hacker, I think that won't help you much. You may get a job with that, but it'll be real tough to keep it and even more so to get a promotion. BUT, if you study the course properly, get hands on practice and improve your skills and really get deep into the security analysis stuff, you will definitely have an awesome career in ethical hacking and security analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T03:09:43.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-15T05:41:12.457" Score="2" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to pass my test.When I run my test it gets fail because expected and actual is not matching. How to do with assert command? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I copy the actual value it shows like an error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;{&quot;level&quot;:&quot;error&quot;,&quot;msg&quot;:&quot;REG_DEV_EXISTS_00&quot;,&quot;meta&quot;:[]}&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class registerCounter {&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;register&quot;)&#xA;    public void md5JsonTest(String secret,String mac,String id, String md5Hash) {&#xA;&#xA;        given().&#xA;                parameters(&quot;s&quot;, secret).parameters(&quot;m&quot;,mac).parameters(&quot;d&quot;,id).&#xA;                when().&#xA;                get(&quot;http://baseUrl/register/device&quot;).&#xA;                then().&#xA;                assertThat().&#xA;                body(&quot;md5&quot;, equalTo(md5Hash));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @DataProvider(name = &quot;register&quot;)&#xA;    public Object[][] createMD5TestData() {&#xA;&#xA;        return new String[][] {&#xA;&#xA;                {&quot;b30b33&quot;,&quot;d3r34ret34t5r&quot;,&quot;8&quot;,&quot;REG_DEV_EXISTS_00&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;        };&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.AssertionError: XML path md5 doesn't match.  &#xA;Expected:  REG_DEV_EXISTS_00    &#xA;Actual: {&quot;level&quot;:&quot;error&quot;,&quot;msg&quot;:&quot;REG_DEV_EXISTS_00&quot;,&quot;meta&quot;:[]}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put containsString    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.AssertionError: XML path md5 doesn't match. &#xA;Expected: a string containing &quot;REG_DEV_EXISTS_00&quot; &#xA;Actual: {&quot;level&quot;:&quot;error&quot;,&quot;msg&quot;:&quot;REG_DEV_EXISTS_00&quot;,&quot;meta&quot;:[]} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T05:53:47.723" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:39:33.367" Title="How to verify the body context using Assert command" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;rest&gt;&lt;assert&gt;&lt;verify&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-22T11:10:31.153" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24352" CreationDate="2016-12-15T06:15:43.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assert :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reminder : If Assert get failed the execution or program get terminated there itself. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It can be used as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;your_element_id&quot;)).getText(), &quot;Expected Text&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;                         OR&#xA;&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;your_element_id&quot;)).getText(), &quot;Expected Text&quot;,&quot;Assert failed - text does not match&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T06:15:43.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24354" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24389" CreationDate="2016-12-15T08:40:11.280" Score="0" ViewCount="448" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8qCtG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8qCtG.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I am trying to generate excel file for displaying TestNG report into excel sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For that I created simple program for creating excel sheet and display static data, but it's displaying error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l4Bdx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l4Bdx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="21247" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T11:37:56.047" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T12:49:10.887" Title="Display error while generating excel report using TestNG" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24335" CreationDate="2016-12-15T09:00:43.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finally, with few code changes, I am able to export my code as an Executable Jar file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I observed is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you NEED to have main method (as I had posted in the edited part of my code)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run your program as &quot;Java Application&quot; &#xA;and export it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can get the detailed info &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.joecolantonio.com/2014/05/29/selenium-create-an-executable-java-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T09:00:43.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24356" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24387" CreationDate="2016-12-15T09:50:33.023" Score="0" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need proxy setting to capture all requests of a mobile application to perform &lt;strong&gt;performance testing with Blazemeter&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to configure, as i am not on wifi, i am confused how should i configure proxy in my mobile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T11:27:31.627" Title="Proxy settings when i am not on wifi and using mobile data" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;blazemeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24357" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24427" CreationDate="2016-12-15T10:34:45.257" Score="1" ViewCount="352" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use Appium inspector for recording manual GUI steps. But, I'm not even getting the option like record or anything else when I start inspector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; I'm capable of inspecting the elements with inspector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22786" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T14:44:09.333" Title="Appium: Cannot use Inspector to record GUI steps of Android app on Windows 7" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16554" CreationDate="2016-12-15T10:47:14.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using 1.9.14 version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you can copy it from one test suite for another very easily using the &quot;move or copy&quot; option in Action Box. Follow the steps in below;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.First select the test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Click on Action icon, and you'll get the all the options under that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Choose a &quot;target container&quot; from drop down and select the &quot;Destination position&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.Click on &quot;copy&quot; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.new test suite will create alone with the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.Rename the Test Suite accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="22960" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T08:40:40.613" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T08:40:40.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18744" CreationDate="2016-12-15T12:03:00.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that you do not use git feature branches for this and instead build this functionality into the application itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For controlling deployment you should be using tools such as capistrano and docker and processes such as blue-green deploy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your answer doesn't indicate what, if any tools or processes you are following so it's hard to advise without that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-14T13:20:19.917" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T13:20:19.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24363" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24364" CreationDate="2016-12-15T12:30:48.220" Score="2" ViewCount="413" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a program and I was looking for a more formal way to test it, I read about test cases, and I dont know if I understnad correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example I have a program where I have some methods signatures, for example the registerSale and editProductPrice. And I would like to test and I read about test cases for this. And for what I understood we need to have inputs and than the expected output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, for example the first method to register a sale receives a array of product ids and a array with the quantity of each product, the method signature is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean registerSale(ArrayList&amp;lt;Integer&amp;gt; prodId,ArrayList&amp;lt;Integer&amp;gt; quantityOfEachProduct)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So some test cases I think would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Input                                                       Output&#xA;&#xA;(prodId.add(10,7,20),quantityOfEachProduct.add(2, 4, 1))    10-2,7-4,20-1&#xA;(prodId.add(20,2),quantityOfEachProduct.add(4, 7))          20-4,2-7         &#xA;(prodId.add(-4,-10),quantityOfEachProduct.add(2,4))         error                             &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for this method signature, has with inputs the product id and the price.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean editProductPrice(int idProduct, float price);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think would be something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Input                                                       Output&#xA;&#xA;   (4, 10.50)                                                (4,10.50)&#xA;   (10, 7.77)                                                (10,7.77)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know if that is the way to do correct test cases for methods?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22961" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T13:38:31.170" Title="test cases for methods signatures" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24363" CreationDate="2016-12-15T13:38:31.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Input - Output testing is one of the most popular ways to test. It's simple, easy and straightforward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can wrap your brain around it though Property Based testing is a far more reliable and useful way of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the properties I am seeing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First Method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ProductID must always be a positive integer &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quantity Sold must always be an integer &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The response should always contain the ProductID-Qty in a CSV format of the request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second Method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input should always match the output&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A verification of the price should match the price used when updating&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The ProductID should only accept a positive integer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The price should only accept a decimal value (probably also a positive number here as well).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By focusing on the properties being tested and not the input/output, you get a clearer whole picture of the system and can use any input and verify the output. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some more information on this type of testing, there is quite a few resources online but the one that I have read and re-read the most is &lt;a href=&quot;http://fsharpforfunandprofit.com/posts/property-based-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T13:38:31.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25220" CreationDate="2016-12-15T18:26:40.477" Score="3" ViewCount="1702" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;qa&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;production&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of them has different URL. So I expect to contain something in URL. So I need to take some parameter from console where I run the protractor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I run protractor like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;gulp protractor&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in spring boot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of the environments has different account name so when I run gulp protractor, I need to put account name as parameter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;gulp protractor local accountname&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or do I have to create 3 different &lt;code&gt;protractor.conf&lt;/code&gt; to run for each environment which has different methods for different methods?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22641" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T04:15:02.467" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T04:15:02.467" Title="Separate configurations for different environments on protractor" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24368" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-15T20:31:48.637" Score="3" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently i'm doing a project in school and I would like to ask a question: &lt;strong&gt;Do Agile Methodologies have an impact upon Software Quality?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not really looking for a specific and clear answer to this, maybe, can someone give me some links of where I could find this any help in terms of that question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22968" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T22:34:51.057" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T23:28:15.103" Title="Do Agile Methodologies have an impact upon Software Quality" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-12-20T15:52:57.100" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24368" CreationDate="2016-12-15T21:21:01.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How Agile Methodologies are implemented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How well Agile Methodologies are implemented&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The four Agile manifestos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Individuals and interactions over processes tools&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Working software over comprehensive documentation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Customer collaboration over contract negotiation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Responding to change over following a plan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All four manifestos above are aiming at improving software quality and providing customer satisfaction. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But going Agile does not necessarily mean your software quality will be improved (well, software quality will be improved over time but there may be setbacks in short terms). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a company I used to work for hired Agile coach to attempt to implement Agile, but it turned out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Staff were used to waterfall development, there was a strong resistance against switching to Agile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During the initial trial period, managers could not carry out Agile practices effectively, e.g. a manager was having a morning standup that would last 1 hour when everyone was talking about everything, most of people attended morning stand up quickly burned out and started to disliked morning standups. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some teams managed to align themselves with Agile practices, but then other teams that could not align with Agile practices could not keep up with development pacing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In short terms, implementing Agile seemed to be such a bad idea and it was abandoned. And this company is still using Waterfall.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a sense, Agile Methodologies are &lt;strong&gt;guidelines&lt;/strong&gt;, that is why there are no hardline definitions regarding how Agile should be implemented. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For various software projects that are of different sizes, software companies that are of different sizes, tradition and culture, there is no guarantee that introducing Agile will help them improve quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T21:21:01.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22869" CreationDate="2016-12-15T22:08:12.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is this for &lt;em&gt;web&lt;/em&gt; testing? If so, you can use Kantu. Essentially it is the same as Sikuli, but runs inside the web browser. So you can run many instances at once and in the background. Also, the system can be locked while the test are running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T22:08:12.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24368" CreationDate="2016-12-15T22:33:18.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we separate quality into &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.davidchappell.com/writing/white_papers/The_Three_Aspects_of_Software_Quality_v1.0-Chappell.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the three aspects of software quality&lt;/a&gt;: Functional, Process and Structural. I think the Agile methodology has a clear impact on all three. I will try to explain by quoting some relevant &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile princibles&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Process quality&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;At regular intervals, the team reflects on how  to become more&#xA;  effective, then tunes and adjusts its behaviour accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most Agile frameworks like Scrum use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/retrospectives.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;retrospectives&lt;/a&gt; to continuously improve process quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional quality&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Deliver working software frequently, from a  couple of weeks to a&#xA;  couple of months, with a preference to the shorter timescale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting continuous feedback should result in better functional quality as users explain what works, what doesn't and what works unexpected. As you deliver working software frequently you can measure the functional quality better and adapt faster, compared to a slow release-cycle like once a year.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Structural quality&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Continuous attention to technical excellence  and good design enhances&#xA;  agility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most Agile frameworks (except Scrum) advocate clear technical practises. Practises like &lt;a href=&quot;http://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TDD, pair programming, continuous delivery, clean code and others&lt;/a&gt; all lead to higher structural quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The eXtreme Programming Agile framework has some good starting &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rules&lt;/a&gt; when it comes to coding that are advisable to improve not only your agility, but also your overal product quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scrum...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This just scratches the surface of what I think what Agile brings to table to improve quality of a software product. Just keep in mind that Scrum lacks some key technical practises and that you should combine it with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XP&lt;/a&gt; and or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://less.works/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LeSS&lt;/a&gt; practises. Without these practises you will most likely only improve your process quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-15T22:39:07.473" LastActivityDate="2016-12-15T22:39:07.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24319" CreationDate="2016-12-16T03:25:30.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a Windows based system,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open notepad and write the below piece of code in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\ set SAVESTAMP=%DATE:/=-%@%TIME::=-%&#xA;C:\ set SAVESTAMP=%SAVESTAMP: =%&#xA;C:\ set SAVESTAMP=%SAVESTAMP:,=.%.jtl&#xA;&#xA;jmeter -n -t &quot;Your .jmx file path&quot; -l %SAVESTAMP%&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now save this as a batch cript - &lt;code&gt;filename.bat&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to the location where you saved your file and run it by double-click or select and enter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should do the trick for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On Linux based system you might want to run it with a similar shell script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T11:07:41.560" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T11:07:41.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24377" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24392" CreationDate="2016-12-16T07:37:57.967" Score="4" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new with Selenium. I'm using same code for the login session, when I'm writing test case for every page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I stop re-entering the same code? Is there any other way to reuse code without repeating those codes for every test case in every page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2021-03-02T09:22:53.837" LastActivityDate="2021-03-02T09:22:53.837" Title="How to stop re-entering same code for the login session for every test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;refactoring&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24377" CreationDate="2016-12-16T07:58:45.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the Page object model which includes methods as well as locators and come up with a method to do the login that you can call from all your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on the Page Object model details see these links -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/page-object-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/page-object-model-using-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object using selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-17T21:50:52.343" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T21:50:52.343" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24380" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24384" CreationDate="2016-12-16T09:33:39.490" Score="2" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just finish my selenium code. I'm following page object pattern. My code does not follow any frameworks. My senior who reviewed my code said that::&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to keep the test data separately. Not scattering all over the script.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep the test data in Json. And read it from there where ever it is necessary. Any secret key or password must be encrypted with any logic. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are many code available for encryption. And readme file which tells about how to run the project. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think framework is not expandable. Like if you want to run the same test in multiple browsers there must be a configuration file. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For login page: If you need to login with username and password, you should pass the password in encrypted format. While so you would need to save the password encrypted in test data. While sending password to that field you should decrypt and send that in selenium script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody please clarify for me whether I should need to use any frameworks?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T12:39:01.770" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:13:05.073" Title="Importance of selenium Framework" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24421" CreationDate="2016-12-16T09:59:59.790" Score="0" ViewCount="6457" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please help me out for this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I tried to close this Pop-up page with Selenium, but not able to do it.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;popupsignup-disp&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div class=&quot;popupsignup-cntbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;container-fluid&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1 col-md-10 col-md-offset-1 ntp-cnt-wrap&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 text-center voffset4&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;/static/img/nico-tides-moon.png&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 voffset3 hidden-xs hidden-sm&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 voffset2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;h3 class=&quot;npr&quot;&amp;gt;This full moon’s extra special, and we’ve got prices to match.&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 voffset6&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;h5 class=&quot;text-uppercase head-text&quot;&amp;gt;Special Pricing goes live&amp;lt;/h5&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 voffset3&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-6 text-right potd-wrap&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;div class=&quot;pop-time&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Online&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&quot;hlgt&quot;&amp;gt;14 + 15 December&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&quot;small&quot;&amp;gt;All Day&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-6 text-left&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;div class=&quot;pop-time&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;In-store&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&quot;hlgt&quot;&amp;gt;14 - 18 December&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&quot;small&quot;&amp;gt;11 am To 8 pm&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;pop-divider&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-xs-12 voffset5&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;text-uppercase pop-btn&quot; href=&quot;/catalogue/category/special-price/women_126/&quot; id=&quot;ntnc-linknclose&quot;&amp;gt;Shop now&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;a class=&quot;close-popupsignup-wrap&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zclML.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zclML.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22977" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T12:05:31.310" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:13:19.093" Title="How to close pop up in Selenium web driver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24380" CreationDate="2016-12-16T10:20:25.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Framework is must if any company is planning to adapt Automation (More Specifically for Selenium Web driver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me try to clarify what are the perspective for this points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Point 1 : You need to keep the test data separately. Not scattering all over the script.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Just do not write test script anywhere. Create module wise class. Do not write @test anywhere also.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you follow above point , test data will not me scattered everywhere. You will also get proper place to write test data, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use file for giving test data is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.automatedsqa.com/2012/05/testng-sample-code-for-passing-parameter-to-dataprovider.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Click here for more information&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Point 2 : Keep the test data in JSON. And read it from there where ever&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As I had mention in &lt;strong&gt;Point 1&lt;/strong&gt; use file to read data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Point 3 : it is necessary. Any secret key or password must be encrypted with any logic.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security is the most important thing. Password should be in encrypted form. But there is also call of your organization. If they are happy to give you permission to use password without encryption then use it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Point 4 : I think framework is not expandable&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This something related to configuration. So here the same as &lt;strong&gt;Point 1&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use configuration file like property file. Here you can mentioned browser name and concurrent run or not etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/testing-in-multiple-browsers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Click Here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Point 5 : Send password in decrypted form&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As &lt;strong&gt;Point 3&lt;/strong&gt; follow standard.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know If you need more clarification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T13:09:10.830" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T13:09:10.830" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18420" CreationDate="2016-12-16T10:36:42.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;HP Automation jenkins plugin is searching for testng-results.xml inside bilds/buildid folder. So write below shell script and give  Testing result file as  &lt;code&gt;**/testng-results.xml&lt;/code&gt; to fix this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Execute Shell Command:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cp path_of_testng_resuls/testng_results.xml .jenkins/jobs/${JOB_NAME}/builds/$BUILD_ID&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22979" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T11:17:33.537" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T11:17:33.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24380" CreationDate="2016-12-16T10:59:03.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Centralize test-data&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to put test-data into Class objects and not in text-files. This way you can use proper code completion for your test-data. Centralizing test-data from &quot;strings&quot; is a must, you do not want to change hundreds of &quot;strings&quot; when changing test-data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Encryption of test-data&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encryption of test data should be a company policy, but adds extra complexity. If the test environment is not world reachable and the accounts are test specific, than personally I do not care for encryption. Most encryptions are reversible if you have the code, so you need a encryption framework that works on all your test-agents, but cannot be decrypted if someone steals the code. I would really wonder if you need this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better is to just generate test users on the fly for your test. This way you can use random passwords only for that tests. This removes the need to encrypt any data. A user class object could create the user on first usage. Preferable use the same user creating logic as the application uses. Then you can store the password only in memory :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cross-browser&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extend when needed, use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_aren&amp;#39;t_gonna_need_it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt; and do not over complicate your framework if you do not plan to test on multiple browsers now. My current project is Chrome only. So we only test on Chrome. I am fine with refactoring the tests if we need to support another browser later. We might never reach that state so let's first get a market-fit for our internal reporting tool instead of focusing on supporting all browsers, probably we never will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;there &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; be a configuration file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there must only be a configuration file if you need it now! :) Developers have a hand of I know we will need this, because other projects.. bla bla bla. Don't make up requirements based on past knowledge, it is a possible waste and I cannot repeat this often enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do need to test on multiple browsers as a requirement, start with adding one in a early stage of your framework and try to make it flexible. Code it in such a way you can inject another a browser later if needed. For example with an parameter from the command-line or a config file. Your tests should not be browser aware, so no &lt;code&gt;IF CHROME&lt;/code&gt; blocks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Documentation&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you do need basic documentation how to install, run and usage your tests. Seems logical. You make software for other humans not computers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T11:05:15.740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T11:05:15.740" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24380" CreationDate="2016-12-16T11:11:00.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, better to use the framework.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Framework means the set of rules or procedures that followed by team to achieve the objective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The straight forward use of framework is easy maintenance and reusable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you mentioned, you used page object pattern. So you focused only on re-using of existing code. But the comments given by senior are also right, because you are not considered the part of passing input of scripts, not covered password decryption,  easy reporting etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some advantages of using a Test Automation framework:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-usability of code, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maximum coverage,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recovery scenario,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Low cost maintenance,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimal manual intervention,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy Reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer the link for selenium automation framework:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/selenium-automation-framework-example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Automation Framework Example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:13:05.073" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:13:05.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22931" CreationDate="2016-12-16T11:26:47.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Equivalence Partitioning:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this method the input domain data is divided into different equivalence data classes and this classes of inputs are categorized for product or function validation.  This method is typically used by QA to reduce the total number of test cases to a finite set of testable test cases in order to cover maximum requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: Verify a credit limit within a given range(1,000 – 2,000). Here we can identify 3 conditions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Less Than 1000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Between 1,000 and 2,000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Greater than 2000&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boundary Value Analysis&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;BVA is different from equivalence partitioning in that it focuses on &quot;corner cases&quot; or values or in-other words it is used to identify errors at boundaries rather than finding those exist in centre of input domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: Verify a credit limit within a given range(1,000 – 2,000). Here we can identify 2 boundary conditions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;999&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2001&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BVA attempts to derive the value often used as a technique for stress, load or volume testing. This type of validation is usually performed after positive functional validation has completed (successfully) using requirements specifications and user documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T11:26:47.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24356" CreationDate="2016-12-16T11:27:31.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207420545-BlazeMeter-Proxy-Recorder-Mobile-and-web-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BlazeMeter Proxy Recorder (Mobile And Web)&lt;/a&gt; article for details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In few words:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You get you own personal proxy in the cloud:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UFC8d.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UFC8d.png&quot; alt=&quot;BlazeMeter Proxy&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You configure your mobile device to use that proxy. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you click &quot;Record&quot; button (red one in the bottom) the proxy starts capturing requests from your mobile device&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once recording is done you can export the recorded test scenario in different formats including &quot;SmartJMX&quot; with automatic correlations applied&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T11:27:31.627" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24381" CreationDate="2016-12-16T12:12:12.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may try taking &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt; of that close button which is on pop up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement closebtn = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(@class,'close-popupsignup-wrap')]&quot;));&#xA;closebtn.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or using this &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt; expression: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@class='close-popupsignup-wrap']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:13:12.743" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:13:12.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24354" CreationDate="2016-12-16T12:49:10.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am following this steps and it is running fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Need below jar files :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poi-3.9-20121203.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poi-ooxml-3.9-20121203.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;poi-ooxml-schemas-3.9-20121203.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dom4j-1.6.1.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;xmlbeans-2.3.0.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Use JRE 7 and Higher&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Write following code for it as under :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.File;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.FileOutputStream;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class WriteData&#xA;{&#xA;    public static void main(String args[])&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();&#xA;            XSSFSheet sh1 = wb.createSheet(&quot;Sheet1&quot;);&#xA;            Row row = sh1.createRow(0);&#xA;            Cell cell = row.createCell(0);&#xA;            cell.setCellValue(&quot;Selenium&quot;);&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                //Write the workbook in file system&#xA;                FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(&quot;E:\\Data.xls&quot;));&#xA;                wb.write(out);&#xA;                out.close();&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;written successfully on disk.&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception e)&#xA;            {&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note : Do not use jxl jar and imports.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T12:49:10.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24380" CreationDate="2016-12-16T13:01:48.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To expand on some of the other points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Data&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test data should be separate from the rest of the automation code. The reason is this: if you do not separate your test data, as you add new tests you will duplicate field identifiers and the data to enter. When there is a change to the code, you will have a maintenance nightmare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if your test data is in a separate, non-compiled format, it's a lot easier for other people to add new tests. If the data format for each type of test is clearly defined, all that's needed to add an iteration of a test is to edit a text file and add a new row of data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Encryption&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using real logins as opposed to users who exist only for test purposes, then yes, you do need to use encryption. If your test code is accessible outside your intranet, you should be encrypting your data access, passwords, and any other data that could be used by a hostile entity to attack your company systems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Framework Expandability&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By writing a set of automated tests, you have created your own framework. It needs to be expandable so that you can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;point it at different server instances of the web application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run it in parallel as it grows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run specific tests - as your test suite grows, it will become less viable to run the entire thing with each build (if this was ever viable to start with). Refactoring to have a config file and external data sets means you can define a set of smoke tests to run each build, and have longer test suites running on a scheduled basis. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T13:01:48.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24381" CreationDate="2016-12-16T13:17:05.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;get the window handle, (provide proper delay)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;switch to that pop up, then click on Cross icon using XPath&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;after that switch to default, it might work &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:13:19.093" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:13:19.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24377" CreationDate="2016-12-16T16:06:43.947" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using WebDriver, you're free to use all the features of your programming language of choice. And that gives a lot of opportunities to structure your tests in such a way as to avoid code repetition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're new to Selenium, I'd skip Page Object Model until you get comfortable with WebDriver basics. Until then, I would just wrap the frequently used code into functions and put those functions into a separate library/module that you can use in your test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's assume you're using Python and you repeat the code for logging in all the time. For the sake of simplicity, let's also assume that navigation to the login page is taken care of separately in the test cases, and that the login form elements have stable, unique IDs. In such a case, you can write a function like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def login(user, password):&#xA;    user_field = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;user&quot;)&#xA;    password_field = driver.find_element_by_name(&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    login_button = driver.find_element_by_name(&quot;log-on&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    user_field.send_keys(user)&#xA;    password_field.send_keys(password)&#xA;    login_button.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, whenever you need to login from a test case, you just call your function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;login(&quot;myuser&quot;, &quot;mypassword&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is greatly simplified, but should give you an idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastEditorUserId="22983" LastEditDate="2016-12-16T16:23:01.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T16:23:01.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16004" CreationDate="2016-12-16T17:14:07.467" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error suggests the element is not there in PhantomJS at the moment of findElement();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should try a WebDriverWait before using the findElement, since findElement does not wait for the element to appear. It just checks is it here now and if not throw exception. The wait should wait for a maximum of 30 seconds by default. I suspect this is the issue as most browsers behave differently&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise PhantomJS is not retrieving the page at all, check if you can verify it is being loaded somehow. Like logs, debugging, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-16T17:14:07.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12713" CreationDate="2016-12-17T01:19:14.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actually, the problem was related to the IEDriverServer version, it seems a fix was included around version 2.37 when a dialog window calling another dialog caused to lose communication with the driver, it just hanged there. Updating to a later version solved the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11721" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T01:27:09.430" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T01:27:09.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24396" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24403" CreationDate="2016-12-17T05:29:18.143" Score="11" ViewCount="4596" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the following question in a few mock exam papers available online&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following statements are true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faults in program specifications are the most expensive to fix&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faults in code are the most expensive to fix&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faults in requirements are the most expensive to fix&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faults in designs are the most expensive to fix&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My idea is that the question is not complete unless you know the status of the specific project, fault type and the root cause of the fault.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if the project is still in the requirement gathering phase in a Waterfall Environment, the answer would be 'Faults in requirements are the most expensive to fix'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you are in the Testing Phase in a Waterfall Environment and if you find a fault due to an issue in the program specification, the answer should be, 'Faults in program specifications are the most expensive to fix'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This type of vague questions are there in the actual exam?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;My approach to the question is wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What do you think is the correct answer?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for your time and effort in helping me crack the exam&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2020-06-25T15:30:47.167" Title="Which software faults are the hardest to fix? ISTQB Foundation Level Exam question" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24397" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24399" CreationDate="2016-12-17T06:44:15.327" Score="6" ViewCount="7658" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following question has appeared in several mock exams I did. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a new testing tool is purchased, it should first be used by&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A smaller team to establish the best way to use the tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Everyone who may eventually have some use for the tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Independent Test Team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The managers to see what projects it should be used in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The vendor contractor to write the initial scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The confusing thing is that, as the answer, some exams say that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Small Team should use the tool first &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while others say that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;everyone who may eventually have a use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you experts think the correct answer is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal belief is that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A testing tool, once purchased, should be used by a small team first to establish the best way to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, should it be done before 'Purchasing' the tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="22882" LastEditDate="2016-12-17T09:19:12.510" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T02:50:07.050" Title="When a new testing tool is purchased, it should be first used by whom? ISTQB Foundation Level Examination sample question" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-20T15:53:07.837" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9496" CreationDate="2016-12-17T07:01:18.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try next steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open Display settings in Windows (right click on desktop, choose Display Settings) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Set option &quot;Change the size of text, apps, and other items&quot; to 100%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this steps, Click() method should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solved my problem with Click() method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22988" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T07:01:18.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24397" CreationDate="2016-12-17T08:22:04.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A tool should be evaluated before purchasing it. Most tools (if not all of them, should have a trial version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will go with a small team should use the tool first; to some companies, they may not have a specialized small &quot;commando&quot; team that is tasked to evaluate a tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T08:22:04.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24396" CreationDate="2016-12-17T08:28:02.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The point this question is trying to make is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we should build in &quot;quality&quot; instead of testing it out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing should start as soon as development starts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if we leave any faults in earlier stages of development, they will cause &quot;butterfly effect&quot; and become difficult and expensive to fix. The analogy I want to use here is: earlier development is like drawing a schematic and laying foundation for a building, if something goes wrong in the very beginning, it will become VERY expensive to fix as the foundation has been laid and multiple stories have been built, every needs to be torn down in order to fix a fault in its foundation / design.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the correct answer is: faults in design are the most expensive to fix as design is the earliest stage of development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T08:28:02.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24397" CreationDate="2016-12-17T09:17:35.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tool should most definitely be evaluated before purchasing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally one would say that a small team should use it first and once they are comfortable and gain confidence in the tool then it should be purchased and made available for use to everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BUT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reality, this depends on several things like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who decides the members of the small team?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do they decide who gets to be on that team?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What if the small team okay's the tool and after purchasing it most of the other people aren't comfortable with it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should everyone who would eventually use the tool be involved in the evaluation? Why?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And there can be several other things to consider.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T02:50:07.050" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T02:50:07.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24397" CreationDate="2016-12-17T10:28:43.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ofcourse the correct answer should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Everyone who may eventually have some use for the tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I would have a company and I would have evaluated and paid for a tool. Then I would not want to hold people back in using it when they want to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Employee: Can I use the new bought tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Manager: No, no, first the small team has to use it and establish best practises before you can use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This conversation sounds ridicules, not? Let everyone or team find their own best way of using it. If it adds value now, just freaking start using it now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though a team looking for a best practises and sharing this with other teams/persons using the tool might be a very good thing todo in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If ISTQB thinks otherwise they have a non practical mindset. Be sure to read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.professionaltestersmanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.professionaltestersmanifesto.org/&lt;/a&gt; in that case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T10:28:43.027" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24396" CreationDate="2016-12-17T10:53:04.787" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is bogus. As the most expensive fix depends on the complexity of the fault. Small issues in any stage of the software development cycle are cheap to fix. As complex issues might need a complete rewrite. This rewrite might not be caused by wrong requirements, but by spaghetti-code or the other way around, depending who and where took the shortcuts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question probably relates to Boehm's Law: (picture from &lt;a href=&quot;https://briankegels.wordpress.com/2012/07/24/the-purpose-of-analysis/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blog-post&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tNDkb.gif&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tNDkb.gif&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finding mistakes later in the development-cycle will cost more time and resources to fix on average. From this perspective the answer would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Faults in code are the most expensive to fix&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the faults, be it design, requirements or just code-mistakes are more expensive to fix if you have already build them. You will need to build them again, thus it will cost more money. This is why I would advise Agile development, then you get an graph like this each iteration, instead of a single big release cycle. Agile minimizes risks like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your other questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This type of vague questions are there in the actual exam?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, ISTQB is known for these type of questions and vague theory. ISQTB it is about theoretical testing instead of practical real world testing. If you seek a good course for testing have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agile-teaming.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Certified Agile Tester courses&lt;/a&gt; as they have both a practical and questions exam. I would stop ISTQB if I could, and switch to the CAT version instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My approach to the question is wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, I like your approach. The root-cause is key here. Although looking at the phases is a good direction. It is important how much work is already executed and how much you have to re-execute due to this error. This is certainly true in Waterfall projects, but hopefully no-one is doing big waterfall projects anymore. I think the last statistics I read is that around 7% is still doing traditional waterfall project management. This number is going down fast. Don't waste to much time on understanding it, high level is enough I would think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T10:53:04.787" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24381" CreationDate="2016-12-17T17:03:17.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You have below options to close pop-up:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on &quot;X&quot; [close] icon on pop-up to close&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can click on any other visible element on page other than pop-up&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can simply use id, name or css &amp;amp; perform click&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T17:03:17.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9496" CreationDate="2016-12-17T20:56:22.010" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One workaround would be to use Selenium with Sikuli for this test. This way you simulate a real mouse click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.devengineering.com/blog/testing/how-integrate-sikuli-script-selenium-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.devengineering.com/blog/testing/how-integrate-sikuli-script-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is a robust and powerful tool to automate and tests user interfaces screenshots. The core of Sikuli Script is written in Java, which means you can use Sikuli Script as a standard JAVA library with Selenium. The link above shows the details on how to do this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="22970" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T11:08:51.537" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T11:08:51.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14181" CreationDate="2016-12-17T21:02:28.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen this before. For some complex reasons, some Javacript only works with real mouse clicks. The usual workaround is to add a tool like AHK, Kantu or Sikuli to your test suite. All the tools I mentioned send mouse clicks that are indistinguishable from real mouse clicks (unlike webdriver clicks)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-17T21:02:28.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22596" CreationDate="2016-12-18T13:55:24.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My answer to this is to write robust locators that are not affected by other UI changes.  They should be unique but not overly specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So instead of&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;div div div span table tr tr td td input#last_name&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;use&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;input#last_name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;or&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;form.new_user input#last_name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which will be more robust and &lt;em&gt;allow the overall structure of the page to change&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;dev and ui have the same need for unique identifiers for both application code and also css styling so you'll want to work with them on a common approach when possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do need to examine any change that makes the test fail and I'm not aware of any process that could automate that.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now if &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; are being changed then you need to actually co-ordinate that with dev/ui.  Or have them update the tests - ideally the page object  definitions rather than the test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also need to be sure to have pages start in the same condition and this means having a ui test database which is reset for each test.  When you mention &quot;What I mean is ,automation teams need to run automation suites multiple times periodically, and many test scripts fail because of locator changes&quot; it seems that you do not have that guaranteed 'before' state in your tests so I would examine you setup-teardown processes.  Your test database should be different, for example, from staging.  It should be empty for each test and each test should setup all the data it needs including reference data.  This can be quite a challenge for soem organizations particularly older and larger organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:54:50.030" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:54:50.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24381" CreationDate="2016-12-19T03:49:24.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is another better way which im using some times.&#xA;User key board keys&#xA;Eg: &lt;code&gt;Tab&lt;/code&gt; key to navigate to the popup box.&#xA;Again &lt;code&gt;Tab&lt;/code&gt; key to navigate to the button.&#xA;Hit &lt;code&gt;Enter&lt;/code&gt; key or Space key to get rid of popup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T03:49:24.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17403" CreationDate="2016-12-19T06:37:20.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are many solutions for Software quality assurance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can easily learn from vu help corner. There are Urdu language courses as well at:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vuhelpcorner.com/groups/cs706-software-quality-assurance/forum/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://vuhelpcorner.com/groups/cs706-software-quality-assurance/forum/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23005" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T06:46:01.233" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T06:46:01.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24416" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-19T09:46:36.493" Score="3" ViewCount="2147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to record HTTP traffic to HAR file when using Selenium Web Driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way is to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://bmp.lightbody.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserMob Proxy&lt;/a&gt;. This works perfectly fine locally but not when in Selenium Grid, because Selenium Grid is not able to access a proxy instance run locally, at least in our company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any alternatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="18186" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T12:47:00.880" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T14:53:56.683" Title="How to record HTTP traffic in Selenium Grid?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18787" CreationDate="2016-12-19T11:11:53.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What works for sure is screen automation with Sikuli/Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli automates anything you see on the screen. It uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components. It is useful when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T11:11:53.683" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24419" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-19T11:15:27.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test infrastructure is the organizational artifacts needed to perform testing, consisting of test environments, test tools, office environment and procedures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T17:20:59.277" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T17:20:59.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24420" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-19T11:15:27.007" Score="0" Body="Test infrastructure is the organizational artifacts needed to perform testing, consisting of test environments, test tools, office environment and procedures." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T17:21:02.123" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T17:21:02.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24381" CreationDate="2016-12-19T11:38:12.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.SwitchTo().frame(&quot;Fancybox-frame&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Driver.findElement(&quot;enter your xpath to close popup&quot;).click();&#xA;&#xA;Driver.SwitchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23006" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T11:56:36.347" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T11:56:36.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17403" CreationDate="2016-12-19T11:44:27.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can watch SQA hindi tutorials of Ajaze Khan. He has related SQA videos in hindi also. Please have a look.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IZ_BiPLgTfo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IZ_BiPLgTfo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23006" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T11:44:27.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24426" CreationDate="2016-12-19T12:20:37.490" Score="1" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have generate testcases for the login and register page so,i want to display testresult in excel sheet but problem is that when i run testng.xml file then data is overrite into file .i want to display result in multiple sheet in one single workbook&#xA;For Register Page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.sevenbits.diecast;&#xA;&#xA;    import java.io.File;&#xA;    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;    import java.io.FileOutputStream;&#xA;    import java.io.IOException;&#xA;    import java.util.Date;&#xA;    import java.util.LinkedHashMap;&#xA;    import java.util.Map;&#xA;    import java.util.Set;&#xA;&#xA;    import jxl.Workbook;&#xA;    import jxl.write.WritableSheet;&#xA;    import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;&#xA;&#xA;    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;&#xA;    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;&#xA;    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;&#xA;    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;    import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;    //@FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING)&#xA;    public class Register &#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;        String  expectedurl = &quot;http://example.com/account-page/?ihc_register=create_message&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;         static HSSFWorkbook workbook;&#xA;          static HSSFSheet sheet;&#xA;          static Map&amp;lt;String, Object\[\]&amp;gt; testresultdata;&#xA;&#xA;        @BeforeClass&#xA;        public static void setup() throws IOException&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;            ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;            options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;            driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;            workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();&#xA;&#xA;               sheet = workbook.createSheet(&quot;Register&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;               testresultdata = new LinkedHashMap&amp;lt;String, Object\[\]&amp;gt;();&#xA;               testresultdata.put(&quot;1&quot;, new Object\[\] {&quot;TestCasesNo&quot;, &quot;UserName&quot;,&quot;Email&quot;,&quot;Name&quot;,&quot;Password&quot;,&quot;Confirm Password&quot;,&quot;Expected Result&quot;,&quot;Actual Result&quot;, &quot;Pass/Fail&quot;});&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @Test&#xA;        public void a_register()&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;http://example.com/&quot;);&#xA;            WebElement regmain = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;reg&quot;));&#xA;            regmain.click();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;          public static Object\[\]\[\] credentials() {&#xA;&#xA;                return new Object\[\]\[\] { { &quot; &quot;, &quot; &quot;,&quot; &quot;,&quot; &quot;,&quot; &quot;}};&#xA;&#xA;          }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        @Test(dataProvider = &quot;Authentication&quot;)&#xA;        public void b_blankdata(String uname,String email,String strname,String strpass,String strconpass)&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;http://example.com//register/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;user_login&quot;));&#xA;            username.clear();&#xA;            username.sendKeys(uname);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement mail = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;user_email&quot;));&#xA;            mail.clear();&#xA;            mail.sendKeys(email);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement name = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;user_Name&quot;));&#xA;            name.clear();&#xA;            name.sendKeys(strname);&#xA;&#xA;            Select se = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;country&quot;)));&#xA;            se.selectByIndex(3);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pass1&quot;));&#xA;            password.clear();&#xA;            password.sendKeys(strpass);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement confirmpassword = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pass2&quot;));&#xA;            confirmpassword.clear();&#xA;            confirmpassword.sendKeys(strconpass);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ihc_submit_bttn&quot;));&#xA;            submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;            String actual = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;            if(actual.equals(expectedurl))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Assert.assertTrue(true);&#xA;                testresultdata.put(&quot;2&quot;, new Object\[\] {1d, uname, email,strname,strpass,strconpass,expectedurl,actual ,&quot;Pass&quot;});&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                testresultdata.put(&quot;2&quot;, new Object\[\] {1d, uname, email,strname,strpass,strconpass,expectedurl,actual ,&quot;Fail&quot;});&#xA;                Assert.assertTrue(false);&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        @DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication2&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;          public static Object\[\]\[\] credentials2() {&#xA;&#xA;                return new Object\[\]\[\] { { &quot;test93&quot;, &quot;test93@tristonsoft.com&quot;,&quot; test&quot;,&quot;12Abcd&quot;,&quot;12Abcd&quot;}};&#xA;          }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        @Test(dataProvider = &quot;Authentication2&quot;)&#xA;        public void d_validdata(String uname,String email,String strname,String strpass,String strconpass)&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;http://example.com//register/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;user_login&quot;));&#xA;            username.clear();&#xA;            username.sendKeys(uname);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement mail = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;user_email&quot;));&#xA;            mail.clear();&#xA;            mail.sendKeys(email);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement name = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;user_Name&quot;));&#xA;            name.clear();&#xA;            name.sendKeys(strname);&#xA;&#xA;            Select se = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;country&quot;)));&#xA;            se.selectByIndex(3);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pass1&quot;));&#xA;            password.clear();&#xA;            password.sendKeys(strpass);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement confirmpassword = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pass2&quot;));&#xA;            confirmpassword.clear();&#xA;            confirmpassword.sendKeys(strconpass);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ihc_submit_bttn&quot;));&#xA;            submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;            String actual = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;            if(actual.equals(expectedurl))&#xA;            {&#xA;                Assert.assertTrue(true);&#xA;                testresultdata.put(&quot;4&quot;, new Object\[\] {3d, uname, email,strname,strpass,strconpass,expectedurl,actual ,&quot;Pass&quot;});&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                testresultdata.put(&quot;4&quot;, new Object\[\] {3d, uname, email,strname,strpass,strconpass,expectedurl,actual ,&quot;Fail&quot;});&#xA;                Assert.assertTrue(false);&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;         @AfterClass&#xA;          public void setupAfterSuite() {&#xA;                 Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; keyset = testresultdata.keySet();&#xA;                    int rownum = 0;&#xA;                    for (String key : keyset) {&#xA;                        Row row = sheet.createRow(rownum++);&#xA;                        Object \[\] objArr = testresultdata.get(key);&#xA;                        int cellnum = 0;&#xA;                        for (Object obj : objArr) {&#xA;                            Cell cell = row.createCell(cellnum++);&#xA;                            if(obj instanceof Date) &#xA;                                cell.setCellValue((Date)obj);&#xA;                            else if(obj instanceof Boolean)&#xA;                                cell.setCellValue((Boolean)obj);&#xA;                            else if(obj instanceof String)&#xA;                            {&#xA;                                cell.setCellValue((String)obj);&#xA;                                System.out.println(obj);&#xA;                            }&#xA;                            else if(obj instanceof Double)&#xA;                                cell.setCellValue((Double)obj);&#xA;                        }&#xA;                    }&#xA;            try {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                FileOutputStream out =new FileOutputStream(&quot;E:\\TestResult.xls&quot;);&#xA;                workbook.write(out);&#xA;                out.close();&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Excel written successfully..&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;          }&#xA;&#xA;            private boolean isElementPresent(By by) {&#xA;                try {&#xA;                  driver.findElement(by);&#xA;                  return true;&#xA;                } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;                  return false;&#xA;                }&#xA;              }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Login Page:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.sevenbits.diecast;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File; &#xA;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;import java.io.FileOutputStream; &#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.util.Date;&#xA;import java.util.LinkedHashMap;&#xA;import java.util.Map;&#xA;import java.util.Set;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import jxl.Workbook;&#xA;import jxl.write.WritableSheet;&#xA;import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; &#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.RichTextString;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; &#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet; &#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.TestNGException;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;public class LoginPage&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    String  expectedurl = &quot;http://example.com/account-page/&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    final String userblank1 = &quot; &quot;;&#xA;    final String passblank1 = &quot; &quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    String  userblank2  = &quot;rutvisoni&quot;;&#xA;    String  passblank2  = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;     static String s1;&#xA;&#xA;     static HSSFWorkbook workbook1;&#xA;      static HSSFSheet sheet;&#xA;      static Map&amp;lt;String, Object[]&amp;gt; testresultdata;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public static void setup()throws TestNGException, IOException&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;            workbook1 = new HSSFWorkbook();&#xA;&#xA;           sheet = workbook1.createSheet(&quot;Login&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        /*WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(&quot;output.xls&quot;));&#xA;        WritableSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(&quot;FirstSheet&quot;, 0);&#xA;           */&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            //sheet=workbook.getSheetAt(1);&#xA;&#xA;           testresultdata = new LinkedHashMap&amp;lt;String, Object[]&amp;gt;();&#xA;           testresultdata.put(&quot;1&quot;, new Object[] {&quot;TestCasesNo&quot;, &quot;UserName&quot;,&quot;Password&quot;,&quot;Expected Result&quot;,&quot;Actual Result&quot;, &quot;Pass/Fail&quot;});&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void login()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com/&quot;);&#xA;        WebElement loginmain = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;menu-item-14235&quot;));&#xA;        loginmain.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication&quot;)&#xA;      public static Object[][] credentials() {&#xA;&#xA;            return new Object[][] { { &quot; &quot;, &quot; &quot; }};&#xA;&#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;Authentication&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        public void blankdata(String uname,String Password)&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com//loginregister/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(uname);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement pass = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        pass.clear();&#xA;        pass.sendKeys(Password);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String actual = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        if(actual.equals(expectedurl))&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(true);&#xA;            testresultdata.put(&quot;2&quot;, new Object[] {1d, uname, Password,expectedurl,actual ,&quot;Pass&quot;});&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            testresultdata.put(&quot;2&quot;, new Object[] {1d, uname, Password,expectedurl,actual ,&quot;Fail&quot;});&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(false);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     @AfterClass&#xA;  public void setupAfterSuite() {&#xA;         Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; keyset = testresultdata.keySet();&#xA;            int rownum = 0;&#xA;            for (String key : keyset) {&#xA;                Row row = ((Sheet) sheet).createRow(rownum++);&#xA;                Object [] objArr = testresultdata.get(key);&#xA;                int cellnum = 0;&#xA;                for (Object obj : objArr) {&#xA;                    Cell cell = row.createCell(cellnum++);&#xA;                    if(obj instanceof Date) &#xA;                        cell.setCellValue((Date)obj);&#xA;                    else if(obj instanceof Boolean)&#xA;                        cell.setCellValue((Boolean)obj);&#xA;                    else if(obj instanceof String)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        cell.setCellValue((String)obj);&#xA;                        System.out.println(obj);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    else if(obj instanceof Double)&#xA;                        cell.setCellValue((Double)obj);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;    try {&#xA;        FileOutputStream out =new FileOutputStream(new File(&quot;E:\\TestResult.xls&quot;));&#xA;        workbook1.write(out);&#xA;        out.close();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Excel written successfully..&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;    private boolean isElementPresent(By by) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;          driver.findElement(by);&#xA;          return true;&#xA;        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;          return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;      }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T12:27:59.980" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T12:27:59.980" Title="Excel Data overite problem" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-19T14:05:35.157" Score="4" ViewCount="3480" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Selenium and Nightwatch and installed selenium-webdriver first, then chromedriver and finally I installed Nightwatch (because the syntax looks nice to me). Now when I want to run a single test with nightwatch, I always get this result:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; ./node_modules/nightwatch/bin/nightwatch -t nightwatch-node-scripts/test.js &#xA;&#xA;[Test] Test Suite&#xA;=====================&#xA;&#xA;Running:  Demo test Google&#xA;Error processing the server response: &#xA; unknown command: wd/hub/session&#xA;&#xA;Error retrieving a new session from the selenium server&#xA;&#xA;Connection refused! Is selenium server started?&#xA;{ value: -1, error: 'Unexpected token u in JSON at position 0' }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The chromedriver is running and listening on port 9515:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; lsof -Pnl +M -i4 | grep 9515&#xA;chromedri  6489     1000    8u  IPv4 867952      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:9515 (LISTEN)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is the one I use in my pretty basic nightwatch.json:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;    &quot;src_folders&quot;: [&quot;tests&quot;],&#xA;    &quot;output_folder&quot;: &quot;reports&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;custom_commands_path&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;custom_assertions_path&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;page_objects_path&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;globals_path&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;&#xA;    &quot;selenium&quot;: {&#xA;        &quot;start_process&quot;: false,&#xA;        &quot;server_path&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;log_path&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;port&quot;: 4444,&#xA;        &quot;cli_args&quot;: {&#xA;            &quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;: &quot;/usr/local/bin/chromedriver&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;webdriver.edge.driver&quot;: &quot;&quot;&#xA;        }&#xA;    },&#xA;&#xA;    &quot;test_settings&quot;: {&#xA;        &quot;default&quot;: {&#xA;            &quot;launch_url&quot;: &quot;http://localhost&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;selenium_port&quot;: 9515,&#xA;            &quot;selenium_host&quot;: &quot;localhost&quot;,&#xA;            &quot;silent&quot;: true,&#xA;            &quot;screenshots&quot;: {&#xA;                &quot;enabled&quot;: false,&#xA;                &quot;path&quot;: &quot;&quot;&#xA;            },&#xA;            &quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;: {&#xA;                &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;chrome&quot;,&#xA;                &quot;chromeOptions&quot; : {&#xA;                    &quot;args&quot; : [&quot;--no-sandbox&quot;]&#xA;                },&#xA;                &quot;acceptsCerts&quot; : true&#xA;            }&#xA;        },&#xA;&#xA;        &quot;chrome&quot;: {&#xA;            &quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;: {&#xA;                &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;chrome&quot;&#xA;            }&#xA;        },&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22981" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T10:44:30.353" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:13:50.630" Title="Do I need to run selenium server when using chromedriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;nightwatchjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24423" CreationDate="2016-12-19T14:07:37.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Actual problem is over writing files by Jar on every test class run. Because of this, Program is &lt;strong&gt;not able to store every test data with history.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another way to do it &lt;strong&gt;(store previous excel data)&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Create test specific Excel file and combine it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please follow below steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Precondition : Create test specific Excel file&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Create below class file in your project : &lt;code&gt;CopySheets.java&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.InputStream;&#xA;import java.util.HashMap;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.Map;&#xA;import java.util.Set;&#xA;import java.util.TreeSet;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; &#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;   &#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;&#xA;&#xA;    public class CopySheets&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;    public static Workbook mergeExcelFiles(Workbook book, List&amp;lt;InputStream&amp;gt; inList)&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            for (InputStream fin : inList)&#xA;            {&#xA;                Workbook b = WorkbookFactory.create(fin);&#xA;                for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; b.getNumberOfSheets(); i++)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    // not entering sheet name, because of duplicated names&#xA;                    copySheets(book.createSheet(b.getSheetName(i)), b.getSheetAt(i));&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            // TODO: handle exception&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        return book;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @param newSheet the sheet to create from the copy.&#xA;     * @param sheet the sheet to copy.&#xA;     */&#xA;    public static void copySheets(Sheet newSheet, Sheet sheet)&#xA;    {&#xA;        copySheets(newSheet, sheet, true);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @param newSheet the sheet to create from the copy.&#xA;     * @param sheet the sheet to copy.&#xA;     * @param copyStyle true copy the style.&#xA;     */&#xA;    public static void copySheets(Sheet newSheet, Sheet sheet, boolean copyStyle)&#xA;    {&#xA;        int maxColumnNum = 0;&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;Integer, CellStyle&amp;gt; styleMap = (copyStyle) ? new HashMap&amp;lt;Integer, CellStyle&amp;gt;() : null;&#xA;        for (int i = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); i &amp;lt;= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Row srcRow = sheet.getRow(i);&#xA;            Row destRow = newSheet.createRow(i);&#xA;            if (srcRow != null)&#xA;            {&#xA;                copyRow(sheet, newSheet, srcRow, destRow, styleMap);&#xA;                if (srcRow.getLastCellNum() &amp;gt; maxColumnNum)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    maxColumnNum = srcRow.getLastCellNum();&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt;= maxColumnNum; i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            newSheet.setColumnWidth(i, sheet.getColumnWidth(i));&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @param srcSheet the sheet to copy.&#xA;     * @param destSheet the sheet to create.&#xA;     * @param srcRow the row to copy.&#xA;     * @param destRow the row to create.&#xA;     * @param styleMap -&#xA;     */&#xA;    public static void copyRow(Sheet srcSheet, Sheet destSheet, Row srcRow, Row destRow, Map&amp;lt;Integer, CellStyle&amp;gt; styleMap)&#xA;    {&#xA;        // manage a list of merged zone in order to not insert two times a merged zone  &#xA;        Set&amp;lt;CellRangeAddressWrapper&amp;gt; mergedRegions = new TreeSet&amp;lt;CellRangeAddressWrapper&amp;gt;();&#xA;        destRow.setHeight(srcRow.getHeight());&#xA;        // reckoning delta rows  &#xA;        int deltaRows = destRow.getRowNum() - srcRow.getRowNum();&#xA;        // pour chaque row  &#xA;        for (int j = srcRow.getFirstCellNum(); j &amp;lt;= srcRow.getLastCellNum(); j++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Cell oldCell = srcRow.getCell(j); // ancienne cell  &#xA;            Cell newCell = destRow.getCell(j); // new cell   &#xA;            if (oldCell != null)&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (newCell == null)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    newCell = destRow.createCell(j);&#xA;                }&#xA;                // copy chaque cell  &#xA;                copyCell(oldCell, newCell, styleMap);&#xA;                // copy les informations de fusion entre les cellules  &#xA;                //System.out.println(&quot;row num: &quot; + srcRow.getRowNum() + &quot; , col: &quot; + (short)oldCell.getColumnIndex());  &#xA;                CellRangeAddress mergedRegion = getMergedRegion(srcSheet, srcRow.getRowNum(), (short) oldCell.getColumnIndex());&#xA;&#xA;                if (mergedRegion != null)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    //System.out.println(&quot;Selected merged region: &quot; + mergedRegion.toString());  &#xA;                    CellRangeAddress newMergedRegion = new CellRangeAddress(mergedRegion.getFirstRow() + deltaRows, mergedRegion.getLastRow() + deltaRows, mergedRegion.getFirstColumn(), mergedRegion.getLastColumn());&#xA;                    //System.out.println(&quot;New merged region: &quot; + newMergedRegion.toString());  &#xA;                    CellRangeAddressWrapper wrapper = new CellRangeAddressWrapper(newMergedRegion);&#xA;                    if (isNewMergedRegion(wrapper, mergedRegions))&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        mergedRegions.add(wrapper);&#xA;                        destSheet.addMergedRegion(wrapper.range);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @param oldCell&#xA;     * @param newCell&#xA;     * @param styleMap&#xA;     */&#xA;    public static void copyCell(Cell oldCell, Cell newCell, Map&amp;lt;Integer, CellStyle&amp;gt; styleMap)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (styleMap != null)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (oldCell.getSheet().getWorkbook() == newCell.getSheet().getWorkbook())&#xA;            {&#xA;                newCell.setCellStyle(oldCell.getCellStyle());&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                int stHashCode = oldCell.getCellStyle().hashCode();&#xA;                CellStyle newCellStyle = styleMap.get(stHashCode);&#xA;                if (newCellStyle == null)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    newCellStyle = newCell.getSheet().getWorkbook().createCellStyle();&#xA;                    newCellStyle.cloneStyleFrom(oldCell.getCellStyle());&#xA;                    styleMap.put(stHashCode, newCellStyle);&#xA;                }&#xA;                newCell.setCellStyle(newCellStyle);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        switch (oldCell.getCellType())&#xA;        {&#xA;            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:&#xA;                newCell.setCellValue(oldCell.getStringCellValue());&#xA;                break;&#xA;            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:&#xA;                newCell.setCellValue(oldCell.getNumericCellValue());&#xA;                break;&#xA;            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:&#xA;                newCell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK);&#xA;                break;&#xA;            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:&#xA;                newCell.setCellValue(oldCell.getBooleanCellValue());&#xA;                break;&#xA;            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:&#xA;                newCell.setCellErrorValue(oldCell.getErrorCellValue());&#xA;                break;&#xA;            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:&#xA;                newCell.setCellFormula(oldCell.getCellFormula());&#xA;                break;&#xA;            default:&#xA;                break;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Récupère les informations de fusion des cellules dans la sheet source pour les appliquer à la sheet destination... Récupère toutes les zones merged dans&#xA;     * la sheet source et regarde pour chacune d'elle si elle se trouve dans la current row que nous traitons. Si oui, retourne l'objet CellRangeAddress.&#xA;     * &#xA;     * @param sheet the sheet containing the data.&#xA;     * @param rowNum the num of the row to copy.&#xA;     * @param cellNum the num of the cell to copy.&#xA;     * @return the CellRangeAddress created.&#xA;     */&#xA;    public static CellRangeAddress getMergedRegion(Sheet sheet, int rowNum, short cellNum)&#xA;    {&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; sheet.getNumMergedRegions(); i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            CellRangeAddress merged = sheet.getMergedRegion(i);&#xA;            if (merged.isInRange(rowNum, cellNum))&#xA;            {&#xA;                return merged;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        return null;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * Check that the merged region has been created in the destination sheet.&#xA;     * &#xA;     * @param newMergedRegion the merged region to copy or not in the destination sheet.&#xA;     * @param mergedRegions the list containing all the merged region.&#xA;     * @return true if the merged region is already in the list or not.&#xA;     */&#xA;    private static boolean isNewMergedRegion(CellRangeAddressWrapper newMergedRegion, Set&amp;lt;CellRangeAddressWrapper&amp;gt; mergedRegions)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return !mergedRegions.contains(newMergedRegion);&#xA;    }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    class CellRangeAddressWrapper implements Comparable&amp;lt;CellRangeAddressWrapper&amp;gt;&#xA;    {&#xA;    public CellRangeAddress range;&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @param theRange the CellRangeAddress object to wrap.&#xA;     */&#xA;    public CellRangeAddressWrapper(CellRangeAddress theRange)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.range = theRange;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    /**&#xA;     * @param o the object to compare.&#xA;     * @return -1 the current instance is prior to the object in parameter, 0: equal, 1: after...&#xA;     */&#xA;    public int compareTo(CellRangeAddressWrapper o)&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        if (range.getFirstColumn() &amp;lt; o.range.getFirstColumn() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; range.getFirstRow() &amp;lt; o.range.getFirstRow())&#xA;        {&#xA;            return -1;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if (range.getFirstColumn() == o.range.getFirstColumn() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; range.getFirstRow() == o.range.getFirstRow())&#xA;        {&#xA;            return 0;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            return 1;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Now in your &lt;code&gt;@AfterClass&lt;/code&gt; call this lines after writing excel file.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     FileInputStream out1 = new FileInputStream(&quot;E:\\Register.xls&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;InputStream&amp;gt; strFile = new ArrayList&amp;lt;InputStream&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;        strFile.add(out1);&#xA;&#xA;        Workbook book = new HSSFWorkbook();&#xA;&#xA;        book = CopySheets.mergeExcelFiles(book, strFile);&#xA;&#xA;        out = new FileOutputStream(&quot;E:\\Result.xls&quot;, true);&#xA;&#xA;        book.write(out);&#xA;&#xA;        out.close();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will merge your test specific file in &lt;code&gt;**&quot;E:\\Result.xls&quot;**&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternative :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note : Best Practice is , Please write this code in &lt;code&gt;@AfterSuite&lt;/code&gt; as Under with all test excel.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    @AfterSuite&#xA;public static void endExecution()&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Execution is Ended..&quot;);&#xA;        File loginFile = new File(&quot;E:\\Login.xls&quot;);&#xA;        File registerFile = new File(&quot;E:\\Register.xls&quot;);&#xA;        FileInputStream out1 = null;&#xA;        FileInputStream out2 = null;&#xA;&#xA;        if (loginFile.exists())&#xA;        {&#xA;            out1 = new FileInputStream(loginFile.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        if (registerFile.exists())&#xA;        {&#xA;            out2 = new FileInputStream(registerFile.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;InputStream&amp;gt; strFile = new ArrayList&amp;lt;InputStream&amp;gt;();&#xA;        if (out1 != null)&#xA;        {&#xA;            strFile.add(out1);&#xA;        }&#xA;        if (out2 != null)&#xA;        {&#xA;            strFile.add(out2);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        File finalOutputfile = new File(&quot;E:\\Result.xls&quot;);&#xA;        if (finalOutputfile.exists())&#xA;        {&#xA;            finalOutputfile.delete();&#xA;            finalOutputfile.createNewFile();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        Workbook book = new HSSFWorkbook();&#xA;&#xA;        book = Copysheet.mergeExcelFiles(book, strFile);&#xA;        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(finalOutputfile, true);&#xA;        book.write(out);&#xA;        out.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T10:12:55.110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T10:12:55.110" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24357" CreationDate="2016-12-19T14:11:34.107" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found answer myself after a couple of days. I'm updating the answer so it will be useful to the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of now, appium inspector does not have option for record on Windows OS. But, the same option is available for MAC OS. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22786" LastEditorUserId="22786" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T14:44:09.333" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T14:44:09.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24428" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-19T14:31:22.903" Score="4" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for an automated screenshot tool which can take screenshot of multiple pages where we can define the url, viewport size and it will navigate to those pages, capture screenshot of the entire page and save it locally.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should be cross browser compatible (Chrome, Firefox, Internet explorer). I've looked at PhantomJS however, since it's headless rendering, it doesn't exactly match with the real browser. Nimbus, Snagit, Awesome screenshot requires manual effort. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I have 1000's of page to capture, manual mode would be too time consuming. I've also looked at nightwatch JS which is based on webdriverIO and selenium however, it lacked option to capture full-page screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22802" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T02:12:27.720" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T20:13:47.017" Title="Is there any automated cross-browser screenshot capturing tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;screenshot&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24430" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-19T17:47:32.607" Score="3" ViewCount="845" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to get the x, y-axis location of the view itself in selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I can get the position of a specific element. But I can't find a way to get the coordinate of the window's view itself. So I can see it change as a scrolling/click action in the page happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there ways to do that in Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I uses &lt;code&gt;wd.js&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23012" LastEditorUserId="23012" LastEditDate="2016-12-19T19:15:55.313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T16:47:44.367" Title="How to get the x, y axis location of the view itself in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-07-20T12:38:06.053" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24428" CreationDate="2016-12-19T17:53:53.683" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the Selenium Webdriver itself to do it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/3423347/2252076&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Just do this procedure for each page you want to check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T17:53:53.683" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24432" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24435" CreationDate="2016-12-19T18:39:32.167" Score="5" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a suite of automated test cases, around 50 in total.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When one of my tests fails, an exception is caught and an error message is displayed. However, since all test cases are executed sequentially, all other tests will not be executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I ensure subsequent tests are run even if a test fails?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:09:14.643" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:09:14.643" Title="How do I make my test suite keep running when one test fails?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24432" CreationDate="2016-12-19T18:48:00.020" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to implement some kind of test cleaning up mechanism:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before a test is executed, pre-configure your environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test is executed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test finishes, cleaning up, e.g. configure your environment back to what it was; delete objects you created for this test case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test fails for any reason, cleaning up, configure your environment back to what it was and delete any objects you created for this test case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log your testing results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Proceed to the next test case. You have not specified your testing tool, testing environment or programming language, so I can not give you any specific advice. If you are using some kind of testing suite, there is normally an option that you can choose between &lt;strong&gt;stop the whole suite when there is a failure&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;proceed to next test case when there is a failure&lt;/strong&gt;. If you are doing everything by scripting, then you need to catch your failure and proceed to your next test case within your test framework. Again, I can not tell you how to do this specifically. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-19T18:48:00.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22376" CreationDate="2016-12-20T01:48:28.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it will depend on the nature of the testing itself. Are you testing with large amount of production data? Are you testing with specially crafted test data? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me if I am focused on ETL logic, the ETL is environment independent. It has a source and destination and thats pretty much it. If the test data is difficult to create and manage then that could constrain where it could be tested, ie: if stage is the only place that can hold the amount of data you want to run through the ETL then you either need to test in stage or stand up / beef up another environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several things you can test in the ETL. First do the transforms happen as expected? To test that I would create test cases that validate the ETL logic. For each test I would create the minimum amount of data to support the test. I would silo the data so that when validating the destination I would know which test generated it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I have the logic covered, I would want to take a look at how the system handles load both large amount of data and running over an extended period of time. This will tie up the system for awhile so you may need to do this in an isolated environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be nice to be able to be able to articulate the throughput of the ETL, so some perf testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also want to take a look at how the ETL handles bad data or data in unexpected states.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which environments are needed depends on whether you want to be able to do your testing in parallel along with how difficult it is to set up any dependancies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T01:48:28.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24432" CreationDate="2016-12-20T02:45:41.083" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;These things are called test attributes.&#xA;For MSTest and Nunit they have there own test attributes, Only thing is you have to set the attributes in the correct way.&#xA;Think wisely when you use &lt;code&gt;TestInitialise&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;TestCleanup&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;These things are available to to solve the issues like yours and to minimize the automation run time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T02:52:19.330" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T02:52:19.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24437" CreationDate="2016-12-20T03:11:19.867" Score="3" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;My manager asked me to test some hardware, but this hardware has been tested by someone previously and they had automated tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not have any test plan, all of the functions of this hardware are tested by scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I still test it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T20:20:04.003" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T15:33:20.687" Title="How do I test hardware without an existing test plan?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T08:51:18.470" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24436" CreationDate="2016-12-20T03:24:28.127" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, your question is way too vague and board, we can not help you without knowing specifics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, in general, from a function point of view, there are two categories of tests we can perform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional: this is perhaps what those scripts are for and as you described, you are not planning to test functional features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non functional: there are lots of other aspects that you can still test. For examples, does this piece of hardware conform with its own specifications in terms of dimensions? Imagine yourself as a customer, can you comfortably pack up and unpack it from its box and foams? Is there a user manual included? (assuming this is a consumer hardware not an internal not-for-sale hardware.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By coincidence, I have had a similar experience as you do now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I was given a piece of repeater to test, its functional features were all tested using scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There was no test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It was a consumer electronic hardware&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I imagined myself as a consumer, knowing nothing about this hardware. I was looking for a user manual, looking for if there was anything that could hurt me when unpacking it;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its manual stated, this repeater should be disassembled within 15 minutes so I tried to do so, then I noticed, this repeater's dimension was off by 1 mm and due to this oversizing, it was scratching its metal casing, damaging both itself and its metal casing. This was a manufacturing flaw, hence no scripts could ever catch it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Without a plan or scripts, there are still lots of tests that you can perform. Use your common sense.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T03:24:28.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24430" CreationDate="2016-12-20T04:28:33.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using the below snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Point point = element.getLocation();&#xA;&#xA;int x_co_ordinate = point.getX();&#xA;int y_co_ordinate = point.getY();&#xA;&#xA;System.out.print(x_co_ordinate + &quot;, &quot; + y_co_ordinate);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T06:06:06.207" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T06:06:06.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24175" CreationDate="2016-12-20T05:15:16.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You can do it.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is to &lt;em&gt;clean up the download directory before the test&lt;/em&gt; and use &lt;code&gt;glob.sync()&lt;/code&gt; function continuously called inside a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=webdriver.WebDriver.prototype.wait&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.wait()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Expected Condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The complete code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var glob = require(&quot;glob&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;    var filesArray = glob.sync(filePattern);&#xA;    if (typeof filesArray !== 'undefined' &amp;amp;&amp;amp; filesArray.length &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;        // this check is necessary because `glob.sync` can return&#xA;        // an empty list, which will be considered as a valid output&#xA;        // making the wait to end.&#xA;        return filesArray;&#xA;    }&#xA;}, timeout).then(function (filesArray) {&#xA;    var filename = filesArray[0];&#xA;    // now we have the filename and can do whatever we want&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You just need to define a &lt;code&gt;filePattern&lt;/code&gt; - the glob file pattern to match your file - it can be &lt;code&gt;*.*&lt;/code&gt; if you don't want to be specific. Or, for example, it could be &lt;code&gt;*.xls&lt;/code&gt; if this is an Excel file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41082777/protractor-test-download-file-without-knowing-filename&quot;&gt;protractor: test download file without knowing filename&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T05:15:16.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20066" CreationDate="2016-12-20T05:34:55.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no theoretical difference between the two options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Protractor/WebDriverJS, there is always that active &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/control-flow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Control Flow&lt;/a&gt; mechanism which is a dynamic queue of promises that handles the ordering of the promises and their resolutions. In other words, there is no need to explicitly resolve promises of &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; actions as in your first option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T05:34:55.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24452" CreationDate="2016-12-20T05:47:41.637" Score="2" ViewCount="3988" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to record a Mobile Native App with Blazemeter Mobile Recorder. After recording I have generated the &lt;strong&gt;smart jmx&lt;/strong&gt; file. But the issue is, this jmx file is not getting opened up with JMeter &lt;strong&gt;though i can load simple jmx file generated by blazemeter for same requests&lt;/strong&gt;. i am using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. jmeter 3.1 , had also tried with jmeter 2.13&#xA;2. Java 1.8&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also &lt;strong&gt;tried adding standard jar files and plugins in ext folder of jmeter, but all in vain&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are the logs from jmeter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2016/12/20 11:06:06 INFO  - kg.apc.jmeter.JMeterPluginsUtils: JMeter-Plugins.org v.1.4.0 &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:06 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.assertions.BSFAssertion &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:07 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.extractor.BSFPostProcessor &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:07 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.modifiers.BSFPreProcessor &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:07 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for text/html is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:07 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for application/xhtml+xml is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:07 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for application/xml is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:07 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for text/xml is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.LagartoBasedHtmlParser &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:07 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for text/vnd.wap.wml is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.RegexpHTMLParser &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:07 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.sampler.HTTPSamplerBase: Parser for text/css is org.apache.jmeter.protocol.http.parser.CssParser &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:08 INFO  - jorphan.exec.KeyToolUtils: keytool found at 'keytool' &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:08 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.proxy.ProxyControl: HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder SSL Proxy will use keys that support embedded 3rd party resources in file D:\apache-jmeter-3.1\apache-jmeter-3.1\bin\proxyserver.jks &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:08 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.protocol.java.sampler.BSFSampler &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:08 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.protocol.mongodb.config.MongoSourceElement &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:08 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.protocol.mongodb.sampler.MongoScriptSampler &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:09 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.timers.BSFTimer &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:09 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.visualizers.BSFListener &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:09 INFO  - jmeter.gui.util.MenuFactory: Skipping org.apache.jmeter.visualizers.MonitorHealthVisualizer &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:09 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleResult: Note: Sample TimeStamps are START times &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:09 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleResult: sampleresult.default.encoding is set to ISO-8859-1 &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:09 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleResult: sampleresult.useNanoTime=true &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:09 INFO  - jmeter.samplers.SampleResult: sampleresult.nanoThreadSleep=5000 &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:21 INFO  - jmeter.services.FileServer: Default base='D:\apache-jmeter-3.1\apache-jmeter-3.1\bin' &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:21 INFO  - jmeter.gui.action.Load: Loading file: C:\Users\keshav.joshi\Desktop\Smart_12_20,_2016,_5_36_am.jmx &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:21 INFO  - jmeter.services.FileServer: Set new base='C:\Users\keshav.joshi\Desktop' &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:21 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: Testplan (JMX) version: 2.2. Testlog (JTL) version: 2.2 &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:21 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: Using SaveService properties file encoding UTF-8 &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:21 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: Using SaveService properties version 3.1 &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:21 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: All converter versions present and correct &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:21 INFO  - jmeter.save.SaveService: Loading file: C:\Users\keshav.joshi\Desktop\Smart_12_20,_2016,_5_36_am.jmx &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:22 INFO  - jmeter.protocol.http.control.CookieManager: Settings: Delete null: true Check: true Allow variable: true Save: false Prefix: COOKIE_ &#xA;2016/12/20 11:06:22 WARN  - jmeter.gui.action.Load: Unexpected error java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Problem loading XML from:'C:\Users\keshav.joshi\Desktop\Smart_12_20,_2016,_5_36_am.jmx', missing class com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException: &#xA;---- Debugging information ----&#xA;cause-exception     : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException&#xA;cause-message       : &#xA;first-jmeter-class  : org.apache.jmeter.save.converters.HashTreeConverter.unmarshal(HashTreeConverter.java:67)&#xA;class               : org.apache.jmeter.save.ScriptWrapper&#xA;required-type       : org.apache.jorphan.collections.ListedHashTree&#xA;converter-type      : org.apache.jmeter.save.ScriptWrapperConverter&#xA;path                : /jmeterTestPlan/hashTree/hashTree/hashTree[6]/hashTree[6]/hashTree[3]/com.atlantbh.jmeter.plugins.jsonutils.jsonpathextractor.JSONPathExtractor&#xA;line number         : 534&#xA;version             : 3.1 r1770033&#xA;-------------------------------&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.SaveService.readTree(SaveService.java:537)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.SaveService.loadTree(SaveService.java:505)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.Load.loadProjectFile(Load.java:130)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.Load.loadProjectFile(Load.java:102)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.Load.doActionAfterCheck(Load.java:89)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.AbstractActionWithNoRunningTest.doAction(AbstractActionWithNoRunningTest.java:45)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter.performAction(ActionRouter.java:80)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter.access$000(ActionRouter.java:40)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter$1.run(ActionRouter.java:62)&#xA;    at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue.access$400(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)&#xA;Caused by: com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException: &#xA;---- Debugging information ----&#xA;cause-exception     : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException&#xA;cause-message       : &#xA;first-jmeter-class  : org.apache.jmeter.save.converters.HashTreeConverter.unmarshal(HashTreeConverter.java:67)&#xA;class               : org.apache.jmeter.save.ScriptWrapper&#xA;required-type       : org.apache.jorphan.collections.ListedHashTree&#xA;converter-type      : org.apache.jmeter.save.ScriptWrapperConverter&#xA;path                : /jmeterTestPlan/hashTree/hashTree/hashTree[6]/hashTree[6]/hashTree[3]/com.atlantbh.jmeter.plugins.jsonutils.jsonpathextractor.JSONPathExtractor&#xA;line number         : 534&#xA;version             : 3.1 r1770033&#xA;-------------------------------&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.ScriptWrapperConverter.createConversionException(ScriptWrapperConverter.java:103)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.ScriptWrapperConverter.unmarshal(ScriptWrapperConverter.java:97)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:70)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:50)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.start(TreeUnmarshaller.java:134)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractTreeMarshallingStrategy.unmarshal(AbstractTreeMarshallingStrategy.java:32)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.unmarshal(XStream.java:1230)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.unmarshal(XStream.java:1214)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.fromXML(XStream.java:1085)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.SaveService.readTree(SaveService.java:522)&#xA;    ... 22 more&#xA;Caused by: com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException: &#xA;---- Debugging information ----&#xA;cause-exception     : com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.CannotResolveClassException&#xA;cause-message       : com.atlantbh.jmeter.plugins.jsonutils.jsonpathextractor.JSONPathExtractor&#xA;class               : org.apache.jorphan.collections.ListedHashTree&#xA;required-type       : org.apache.jorphan.collections.ListedHashTree&#xA;converter-type      : org.apache.jmeter.save.converters.HashTreeConverter&#xA;path                : /jmeterTestPlan/hashTree/hashTree/hashTree[6]/hashTree[6]/hashTree[3]/com.atlantbh.jmeter.plugins.jsonutils.jsonpathextractor.JSONPathExtractor&#xA;line number         : 534&#xA;-------------------------------&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:79)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:70)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:50)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.collections.AbstractCollectionConverter.readItem(AbstractCollectionConverter.java:73)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.converters.HashTreeConverter.unmarshal(HashTreeConverter.java:67)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:70)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:50)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.collections.AbstractCollectionConverter.readItem(AbstractCollectionConverter.java:73)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.converters.HashTreeConverter.unmarshal(HashTreeConverter.java:67)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:70)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:50)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.collections.AbstractCollectionConverter.readItem(AbstractCollectionConverter.java:73)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.converters.HashTreeConverter.unmarshal(HashTreeConverter.java:67)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:70)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:50)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.collections.AbstractCollectionConverter.readItem(AbstractCollectionConverter.java:73)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.converters.HashTreeConverter.unmarshal(HashTreeConverter.java:67)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:70)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:50)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.ScriptWrapperConverter.unmarshal(ScriptWrapperConverter.java:95)&#xA;    ... 32 more&#xA;Caused by: com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.CannotResolveClassException: com.atlantbh.jmeter.plugins.jsonutils.jsonpathextractor.JSONPathExtractor&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.DefaultMapper.realClass(DefaultMapper.java:81)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.DynamicProxyMapper.realClass(DynamicProxyMapper.java:55)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.PackageAliasingMapper.realClass(PackageAliasingMapper.java:88)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.ClassAliasingMapper.realClass(ClassAliasingMapper.java:79)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.ArrayMapper.realClass(ArrayMapper.java:74)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.SecurityMapper.realClass(SecurityMapper.java:71)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.SaveService$XStreamWrapper$1.realClass(SaveService.java:98)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.MapperWrapper.realClass(MapperWrapper.java:30)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.mapper.CachingMapper.realClass(CachingMapper.java:47)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.HierarchicalStreams.readClassType(HierarchicalStreams.java:29)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.collections.AbstractCollectionConverter.readItem(AbstractCollectionConverter.java:72)&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.save.converters.HashTreeConverter.unmarshal(HashTreeConverter.java:67)&#xA;    at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)&#xA;    ... 60 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:32:09.130" Title="XML loading Issue with jmx generated by Blazemeter Mobile Recorder" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;blazemeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24442" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-20T05:50:03.173" Score="3" ViewCount="457" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am sharing my spec file, the generated report contains only 'through Gmail Account' text but I want to add 'Password pop up' text and many other headings also. I tried by adding one more 'it' block contains password code but my code was not working. Please help me out I want to make report shows the headings for all test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My spec file is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('Login', function () {&#xA;    afterEach(function () {&#xA;        browser.ignoreSynchronization = false;     });&#xA;    it(' through Gmail Account', function () {  &#xA;        var GM = protractor.ExpectedConditions;  &#xA;        browser.get(&quot;http://folio3.github.io/eCareVault/#&quot;);&#xA;        //browser.driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        var gmail = element(by.css('.ggl&amp;gt;img'));&#xA;        browser.wait(GM.visibilityOf(gmail), 5000);&#xA;        gmail.click();               &#xA;        browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function (handles) {&#xA;        browser.switchTo().window(handles[1]);&#xA;        element(by.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).click();&#xA;        element(by.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys('tfatima5050@gmail.com');&#xA;        element(by.id(&quot;next&quot;)).click();&#xA;        element(by.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).click();&#xA;        element(by.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys('click123');&#xA;        element(by.id(&quot;signIn&quot;)).click();&#xA;        browser.switchTo().window(handles[0]);&#xA;//Password popup&#xA;       var Password = element(by.model(&quot;anyvalue&quot;));&#xA;       browser.wait(GM.visibilityOf(Password), 10000);&#xA;       Password.sendKeys(&quot;123&quot;);&#xA;       element(by.id(&quot;submit&quot;)).click();&#xA;       element(by.css('.overview' )).click();&#xA;       element(by.css('.edit' )).click();       element(by.xpath('html/body/div[1]/div/form/div/section[1]/div/div[1]/div/input')).click().clear().sendKeys('bob');    &#xA;        });&#xA;    }); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23006" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T12:36:31.700" Title="How can I add headings to my protractor-jasmine2-screenshot-reports" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24442" CreationDate="2016-12-20T05:58:42.783" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are definitely missing some test case grouping and a &lt;code&gt;beforeEach()&lt;/code&gt; where you would navigate to an initial &quot;Log In&quot; page. You should have something along these lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('Login', function () {&#xA;    var GM;&#xA;&#xA;    beforeEach(function () {&#xA;        GM = protractor.ExpectedConditions;;&#xA;        browser.get(&quot;http://folio3.github.io/eCareVault/#&quot;);&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    afterEach(function () {&#xA;        browser.ignoreSynchronization = false;     &#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('should log in through Gmail Account', function () {  &#xA;        var gmail = element(by.css('.ggl&amp;gt;img'));&#xA;        browser.wait(GM.visibilityOf(gmail), 5000);&#xA;        gmail.click();          &#xA;&#xA;        browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function (handles) {&#xA;            browser.switchTo().window(handles[1]);&#xA;            element(by.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).click();&#xA;            element(by.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys('tfatima5050@gmail.com');&#xA;            element(by.id(&quot;next&quot;)).click();&#xA;            element(by.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).click();&#xA;            element(by.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys('click123');&#xA;            element(by.id(&quot;signIn&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            browser.switchTo().window(handles[0]);&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('should log in using password', function () { &#xA;       var Password = element(by.model(&quot;anyvalue&quot;));&#xA;       browser.wait(GM.visibilityOf(Password), 10000);&#xA;       Password.sendKeys(&quot;123&quot;);&#xA;       element(by.id(&quot;submit&quot;)).click();&#xA;       element(by.css('.overview' )).click();&#xA;       element(by.css('.edit' )).click();       &#xA;       element(by.xpath('html/body/div[1]/div/form/div/section[1]/div/div[1]/div/input')).click().clear().sendKeys('bob');    &#xA;    }); &#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are also missing logging out (as an &quot;after each&quot; action?), actually testing things - making expectations using &lt;code&gt;expect()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T05:58:42.783" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-20T07:03:30.167" Score="4" ViewCount="5032" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working with &lt;code&gt;selenium 2.53&lt;/code&gt; , &lt;code&gt;Java 1.8&lt;/code&gt; , &lt;code&gt;Appium 1.5.3&lt;/code&gt; for automation of Native mobile applications. Now i have a condition where length of page is too large and i have to click at the bottom of the page. If i do scroll page down manually while tests are running before clicking through automation- Click works fine. But i am unable to scroll down the page using code. I have tried many different code sets. right now i am trying the below code. But this as well is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Now the question is:&lt;/em&gt; How can we scroll the page of &lt;strong&gt;native application&lt;/strong&gt; to a specific element and click on that element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = driver;&#xA;element = driver.findElement(getMethodToCall(object, byCall));&#xA;HashMap&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt; scrollObject = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt;();&#xA;scrollObject.put(&quot;direction&quot;, &quot;down&quot;);&#xA;scrollObject.put(&quot;element&quot;, ((RemoteWebElement) element).getId());&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;mobile: scroll&quot;, scrollObject);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="15909" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T09:38:25.790" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T12:32:15.337" Title="Unable to scroll and click, as element is not visible in selenium with native android mobile application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24445" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24446" CreationDate="2016-12-20T09:59:22.637" Score="1" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have Ranorex 6.2.0 and I want to automate SAP. I already followed &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/technology-instrumentation/testing-of-sap-applications.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the instructions&lt;/a&gt;, so I have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SAP scripting enabled on server side (transaction RZ10, &lt;code&gt;sapgui/user_scripting&lt;/code&gt;to &lt;code&gt;TRUE&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;restarted the server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SAP scripting enabled in SAPLogon&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;restarted the client&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I run the test, I get an error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This control (from process 'saplogon') seems to be a Windows Forms control, but was not recognized as such, possibly due to a security limitation. UI element identification capabilities for this control may be limited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If this control is a WinForms control, please make sure that the automating process has the rights to access the automated application. Otherwise, please ignore this limitation.&#xA;  Process: 'saplogon' (pid 3532)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The following website provides more information on this technology limitation:&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/technology-instrumentation/general-troubleshooting.html#c3250&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/technology-instrumentation/general-troubleshooting.html#c3250&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have checked all the relevant reasons in the linked website, but could not find a solution. How do I make Ranorex recognize SAP?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T09:59:22.637" Title="How to make Ranorex detect SAP?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;&lt;sap&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24445" CreationDate="2016-12-20T09:59:22.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Go to the Windows Control panel, Add/Remove programs, then click Change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/liTde.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/liTde.png&quot; alt=&quot;Change Installation&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, go to the custom setup and uncheck the item &quot;Ranorex Exe Manifest files&quot;. Note how the text mentions that this shall not be installed for SAP automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Restart the PC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/d0uNn.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/d0uNn.png&quot; alt=&quot;Ranorex Setup&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T09:59:22.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24447" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24466" CreationDate="2016-12-20T11:45:47.743" Score="4" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I was interviewed for the role of Assistant team lead and the interviewer asked about the difference between the roles and responsibilities of an Assistant Team Lead and a Team Lead. I am confused about it, though I am aware of some of responsibilities of a Team Lead as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the testing effort by analysing the requirements of&#xA;project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimate and obtain management support for the time, resources and budget required to perform the testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define the Strategy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify Training requirements and forward it to the Project Manager (Technical and Soft skills).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assign tasks to all Testing Team members and ensure that all of them have sufficient work in the project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document, implement, monitor, and enforce all processes for testing as per standards defined by the organization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Escalate the issues about project requirements (Software, Hardware, Resources) to Project Manager / Sr. Test Manager.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review various reports prepared by Test Engineers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure the timely delivery of different testing milestones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare / update the metrics dashboard at the end of a phase or at the completion of a project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T19:29:00.187" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T21:29:07.670" Title="What are the key differences between the roles of Assistant Team Lead and Team Lead in Testing?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;people&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2016-12-21T04:13:50.520" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24448" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24455" CreationDate="2016-12-20T12:22:01.247" Score="1" ViewCount="601" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a web application automation, My application has a list item which is having 10 items under it. When i expand the list item for the second time It's showing count as 20 ( though it has 10 elements in UI). Same way if i open for the 3rd time it's showing as 30 and so on ......                       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried adding multiple combinations to identify the list item uniquily, But I could not get the actual issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note :::  When I close the UI / Refresh the page I am getting proper count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="19411" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T12:34:59.707" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T12:34:59.707" Title="How to get Object count UFT" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22331" CreationDate="2016-12-20T12:25:43.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem is there are two window.&lt;/strong&gt; First is &lt;strong&gt;origina&lt;/strong&gt;l and second is &lt;strong&gt;sign in related&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;First verify title and then perform login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run below code and it is working fine for &lt;strong&gt;Google+&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//open URL&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.rentedroofs.com/&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;//Move to login page&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='dashboard']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;//Click on Google+ button&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@md-svg-src='images/icons/google.svg']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;// Store the current window handle&#xA;String winHandleBefore = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;// Switch to new window opened&#xA;for (String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles())&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Window switch&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;    if (driver.getTitle().contains(&quot;Sign in&quot;))&#xA;    {&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxx@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Email found&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;next&quot;)).click();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Next found&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Password found&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signIn&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// Switch back to original browser (first window)&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(winHandleBefore);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Facebook change the element as per under :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Click on Facebook button&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@md-svg-src='images/icons/facebook.svg']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And code is :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (driver.getTitle().contains(&quot;Facebook&quot;))&#xA;{&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxxx@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Email found&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;pass&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Password found&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;login&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T17:16:17.547" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T17:16:17.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2899" CreationDate="2016-12-20T12:33:03.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can calculate the cost of defect leaked to production based on following factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effort: Typical effort when a defect is found in prod is split across - analysis, reporting, reproduction of issue, fixing, deploying, testing(scripting, execution ,monitoring) reporting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resource cost: Onshore/Offshore (billing rate)&#xA;Loss to business: application downtime, slowness, customer dissatisfaction, unable to do certain type of transaction, credit loss. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can get notional value not real but it is good to conduct this exercise so that important of proper QA is determined. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23023" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T12:33:03.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24451" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-20T13:15:36.543" Score="8" ViewCount="6022" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test an DTMF tones via keypad with toll free number, which has a company IVR automated response system. The IVR allows the user to login to the system and user can know account balance, talk to operator and can raise customer complaints/requests etc. It has menu options and can exit. There are many fields and each field has min-max value validation. System prompts error messages on incorrect entries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tested some basic features but i am not satisfied as i am out of test ideas for such type of testing. Please suggest something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T15:44:29.957" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T15:27:28.137" Title="Please suggest some ideas to test an IVR system?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24441" CreationDate="2016-12-20T14:11:23.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Smart JMX is a converting mechanism which converts the BlazeMeter proxy recording into a JMX while adding further logics, e.g necessary parameterizations as well as token or sessionID extractions etc. for the latter, one of the JMeter elements used is actually a JSON path extractor which is a JMeter plugin. in order to be able to open this JMX in your JMeter installation you will have to have this plugin installed. In order to do so, go to jmeter-plugins.org and download the plugin manager. After you've succesfully installed it, in JMeter go to option-&gt; plugin manager and add the plugins you wish. For this example you provided you will need 'at least' the 'JSON plugins'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will find more information regarding JMeter's plugin manager &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in this blog post.&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Regardless, feel free to approach BlazeMeter support at support@blazemeter.com for any BlazeMeter related issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23024" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T15:32:09.130" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:32:09.130" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24451" CreationDate="2016-12-20T14:54:43.950" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not experienced with testing this type of systems either, but I'd start out by drawing a state diagram of the IVR menu and testing whether the user inputs trigger expected transitions (i.e. navigating through the menu). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd definitely also check if invalid / unexpected inputs are handled correctly (tones not expected in the given menu, series of tones). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since this is a financial system, I'd take a very close look at the authentication step. What types of inputs does the login &quot;menu&quot; expect? What happens if I provide wrong credentials? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The possibility to talk to the operator also looks interesting. Can the operator drop me back to the IVR system? If yes, where do I land? In the last submenu I visited? Maybe some other place?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T14:54:43.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24448" CreationDate="2016-12-20T15:04:50.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not clear from your question, but it sounds like you don't track which objects you've already counted, so when the popup is reopened, you're counting the previously selected list elements for the second time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:04:50.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24352" CreationDate="2016-12-20T15:52:31.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could do an Assert that the actual value &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/wiki/usage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;containsString&lt;/a&gt; of the expected value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat().&#xA;body(&quot;md5&quot;, containsString(md5Hash));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T15:52:31.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24352" CreationDate="2016-12-20T16:01:24.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're comparing your expected value &lt;code&gt;(REG_DEV_EXISTS_00)&lt;/code&gt; with a piece of JSON that contains the expected value and some other data &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;({&quot;level&quot;:&quot;error&quot;,&quot;msg&quot;:&quot;REG_DEV_EXISTS_00&quot;,&quot;meta&quot;:[]}) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either use the containsString assert as kirbycope suggested, or parse the JSON and extract the relevant &lt;code&gt;msg&lt;/code&gt; field before doing the comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T13:39:33.367" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:39:33.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24462" CreationDate="2016-12-20T16:15:38.120" Score="5" ViewCount="248" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am building a test framework for my Website using Selenium, I actually want your ideas of good practices when using Page Object Model: let us say that I have a Welcome page that contains a header where logout button exists, and this header can be seen in most of my pages I am thinking that it is better to write a separate class for the header something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Header&#xA;    {&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.Name, Using = &quot;user_profile&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement BtnUserProfile{ get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;logout_button&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement BtnLogout { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    public void Logout()&#xA;     {&#xA;        BtnLogout.Click();&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginPage&#xA;    {&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.Name, Using = &quot;username&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement TxtbxUserName { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.Name, Using = &quot;password&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement TxtbxPassword { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;button&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement BtnSignIn { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public string GoTO()&#xA;   {&#xA;       Driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(LoginURL);&#xA;   }&#xA;    public void Login(string username, string password)&#xA;     {&#xA;        TxtbxUserName.SendKeys(username);&#xA;        TxtbxPassword.SendKeys(password);&#xA;        BtnSignIn.Click();&#xA;     }&#xA;    public bool IsAt()&#xA;     {&#xA;         return Driver.Url == LoginURL;&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class WelcomePage&#xA;   {&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.Name, Using = &quot;welcome-message&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement LblWelcomeMessage { get; set; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is do you think it is better to include the Header as a property in the Welcome Page or should they be separated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let us take the code for Logout test method, for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void LogoutTest()&#xA;{&#xA;    LoginPage loginpage= new LoginPage();&#xA;    loginpage.GoTo();&#xA;    loginpage.login(&quot;user&quot;,&quot;pass&quot;);&#xA;    Header header= new Header();&#xA;    header.Logout();&#xA;    Assert.IsTrue(loginpage.IsAt());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void LogoutTest()&#xA;{&#xA;    LoginPage loginpage= new LoginPage();&#xA;    loginpage.GoTo();&#xA;    loginpage.login(&quot;user&quot;,&quot;pass&quot;);&#xA;    WelcomePage wlcmPage= new WelcomePage();&#xA;    WelcomePage.Logout();&#xA;    Assert.IsTrue(loginpage.IsAt());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second question will be, how do you think about writing a static class for the Driver instead of a separate Driver for every page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas will be highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T17:35:05.003" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:37:13.763" Title="Page object Model discussion" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24459" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24472" CreationDate="2016-12-20T16:39:38.170" Score="4" ViewCount="8937" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am pretty new to all the Automated Testing thing and recently I have been having trouble with selenium because sometimes fails finding certain input fields / buttons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I added explicit waits for every element in the page, so the test is supposed to wait for that element to appear on screen, but sometimes randomly fails to do so. I will attach the latest error thrown by selenium in a simple test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the tests that I am trying to run and randomly fails:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void createTaskTest(){&#xA;    generateTestEnvironmentSalesForceHomePage();&#xA;    this.home.clickTasksTab();&#xA;    generateTestEnvironmentTaskPage();&#xA;    this.taskspage.clickNewTask();&#xA;    generateTestEnvironmentNewTask();&#xA;    this.newtask.setDateField(&quot;12/30/2016&quot;);&#xA;    this.newtask.setCostField(&quot;1500&quot;);&#xA;    this.newtask.setType(&quot;Personal Appointment&quot;);&#xA;    this.newtask.setPaymentType(&quot;End of the day&quot;);&#xA;    this.newtask.setDoctor(&quot;House&quot;);&#xA;    this.newtask.submitTask();&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(this.newtask.checkDetailsPage());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error thrown by selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Expected condition failed:     waiting for visibility of element located by By.cssSelector:                                 span.dateOnlyInput&gt;input (tried for 130 second(s) with 500 MILLISECONDS interval)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the method to find the 'missing' date input:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setDateField(String date){&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(this.driver,130);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;span.dateOnlyInput&amp;gt;input&quot;)));&#xA;    this.driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;span.dateOnlyInput&amp;gt;input&quot;)).sendKeys(date);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23029" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T17:43:35.830" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:59:40.277" Title="Selenium WebDriver tests sometimes doesn't find elements" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24459" CreationDate="2016-12-20T16:50:38.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it fails randomly, then there might be a lot of things going on there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Catch the exception and dump the source of the page at the moment of the exception. Then analyze it and check whether you can find the input element. If it's there, make sure your CSS path is correct (maybe the HTML tree is not always the same?). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's not there, maybe you need to increase the timeout because the page is so slow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T16:50:38.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24458" CreationDate="2016-12-20T18:50:56.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is do you think it is better to include the Header as a property in the Welcome Page or should they be separated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, logically, a header is a property of the welcome page. You can implement a header as a property of a generic page, then inherit from this generic page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second question will be, how do you think about writing a static class for the Driver instead of a separate Driver for every page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a good idea, logically, there is only one driver instance, all we are doing is to pass it different parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:37:13.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24463" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24464" CreationDate="2016-12-20T19:18:14.320" Score="6" ViewCount="2262" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having a slight issue that I solved on my own but I would like an explanation as to why .getText does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I had it create a random email &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private static  String randomEmail() {&#xA;    return UUID.randomUUID().toString() + &quot;.20.&quot; + &quot;xxxxx@spamgourmet.com&quot;; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then wanted it to copy the email I just made with this code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;final String emailRandom = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='step5']/input&quot;)).getText&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This however did not actually copy anything, everytime I tried to make it use the code via: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='reset-password-wrap']/form/div[1]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(emailRandom);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing would come up or be pasted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I switched the &lt;code&gt;.getText&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; and it works flawlessly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; Why does &lt;code&gt;.getText&lt;/code&gt; not work but &lt;code&gt;.getAttribute&lt;/code&gt; work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-20T19:23:53.190" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T19:24:21.903" Title="Selenium webdriver .getText vs .getAttribute" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24463" CreationDate="2016-12-20T19:24:21.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;With all the regular elements, you would use &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; to get the &quot;text&quot; of an element, but &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; elements (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/forms.html#the-input-element&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;W3C &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; form control spec&lt;/a&gt;) are special - the &quot;text&quot; is kept under the &lt;code&gt;value&lt;/code&gt; attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related threads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7852287/using-selenium-web-driver-to-retrieve-value-of-a-html-input&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7852287/using-selenium-web-driver-to-retrieve-value-of-a-html-input&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15922921/why-gettext-method-returns-empty-string&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15922921/why-gettext-method-returns-empty-string&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T19:24:21.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24465" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-20T21:17:14.923" Score="1" ViewCount="2593" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having an issue I've hit a wall on, I'm hoping someone else has encountered. I am running selenium/splinter tests on a VM with Chromedriver installed. When I open the webpage on the VM with Chrome the WebGL objects work, when I watch the script run via selenium, the WebGL objects error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have checked the Chrome settings in &lt;code&gt;chrome://flags/&lt;/code&gt; and everything is enabled. I've updated my chromedriver. What are some other potential things I might check out? I haven't been able to reproduce this issue on my local machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error I'm getting is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebGL not enabled &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the WebGL object would normally be displayed. Which WebGL is enabled when opened via the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5807" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T05:25:02.633" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T00:56:18.627" Title="WebGL doesn't work with Chromedriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24447" CreationDate="2016-12-20T21:29:07.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One assists the other and the other seems to have an assistant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like Semaj's comment. It depends per company what these roles do and what their responsibilities are. During an interview it is a perfect valid question to ask what it means for this company instead of answering what you think the differenc is from your experience. Your answer might be wrong in their perspective. Better turn the question around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I wonder how many people should a lead tester lead to need an assistant. Really it sounds like either like your the second tester in a team of two or it's a secretary function. An assistant might really make sense in a team of two, instead of junior or something like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think testers should be integrated in the development teams and that a separate team lead testing makes no sense. A lead tester might make sense if you have lots of testers. This person could create high level strategy, but even then I would prefer team level decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-20T21:29:07.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24459" CreationDate="2016-12-21T05:22:11.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Few fails are really random, Observed same. Below few solutions might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Change in wait function: Max. its working well for me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(&quot;Your_Element's_locator));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try with different locators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ID&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Name&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CSS&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;LinkText&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then combinations of above like ID &amp;amp; CSS, ID &amp;amp; name etc&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T05:22:11.993" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24465" CreationDate="2016-12-21T05:31:32.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to verify webgl is activated. Type on chrome address bar:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;chrome://gpu/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;You should see: &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kuEZ3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kuEZ3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;If not, follow this steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Google Chrome&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type &lt;code&gt;chrome://flags&lt;/code&gt; in the address bar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Press Ctrl + f and type ” Rendering list “, “Override software rendering list” should come up, Now click on Enable and restart the browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Completely kill Chrome: Type &lt;code&gt;killall chrome&lt;/code&gt; into a console.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to &lt;code&gt;chrome://settings&lt;/code&gt; and enable Use hardware acceleration when available. By default it is off since version 43&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22477" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T05:31:32.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14124" CreationDate="2016-12-21T07:18:06.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should have used the &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;pip3&lt;/code&gt; executable instead&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pip3 install ddt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(might require sudo).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:18:06.573" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24459" CreationDate="2016-12-21T07:59:40.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best option can be write your code inside a &lt;code&gt;try catch&lt;/code&gt; block.&#xA;Then if there are any error (which exception contains time out) , then simply run the same method inside the try catch block with a wait or sleep command which will increase the waiting time for the element..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the time out error is a never stopping error you will be ended up with a never ending loop.&#xA;But if you use a for loop with a count you can avoid being inside a never ending loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T07:59:40.277" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16772" CreationDate="2016-12-21T08:50:39.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void clickElementJS(String path, String formName){&#xA;    String xpathValue = cfg.config(path, formName);&#xA;    element = GenericExecutors.driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpathValue));&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;    js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;,element);  &#xA;    element.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23044" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:31:29.033" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:31:29.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24475" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-21T13:52:22.400" Score="6" ViewCount="9860" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am building a testing framework for my website I want to fully separate the framework away from test the issue is when I write a test sometimes the Assert needs time until it can be true, for example if I am on Upload file page and when the file is uploaded the website should display File uploaded successfully page but it will need to much time until the browser reaches this page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I force the Assert to wait sometime before it returns result?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;some code that might explain my current way of work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Upload Page Class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Public class UploadPage&#xA;{&#xA; [FindsBy(How = How.Name, Using = &quot;upload-button&quot;)]&#xA; public IWebElement BtnUpload { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;  public UploadPage()&#xA;  {&#xA;   PageFactory.InitElements(Driver, this);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA; public void UploadFile(string path)&#xA;  {&#xA;    //select file&#xA;    BtnUpload.Click();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Successful Upload Page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Public class UploadSuccessfulPage&#xA;   {&#xA;     [FindsBy(How = How.Name, Using = &quot;success-message&quot;)]&#xA;     public IWebElement LblSuccessMessage{ get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;     public UploadSuccessfulPage()&#xA;     {&#xA;       PageFactory.InitElements(Driver, this);&#xA;     }&#xA;     public bool IsAt()&#xA;     {&#xA;      Driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60))&#xA;      //LblSuccessMessage can be found on page&#xA;     }&#xA;   } &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void TestUpload()&#xA;{&#xA; UploadPage uploadPage= new UploadPage ();&#xA; uploadPage.UploadFile(path);&#xA; UploadSuccessfulPage successPage= new UploadSuccessfulPage();&#xA; Assert.IsTrue(successPage.IsAt());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when I write my tests this way the assert do not wait despite that &lt;code&gt;IsAt()&lt;/code&gt; contains an implicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S: I am not intending to use &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep();&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T13:36:15.267" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T08:40:47.177" Title="Selenium waits for Page object model" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24475" CreationDate="2016-12-21T15:38:29.113" Score="3" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;implicit wait is a normally defined when a driver is created, try relocating the code above to where you created your browser instance. E.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;Driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T15:38:29.113" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25484" CreationDate="2016-12-21T15:55:09.297" Score="4" ViewCount="874" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the nightwatch documentation I can see that there are both the &lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/api#assert-urlContains&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;urlContains&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;and &lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/api#assert-urlEquals&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;urlEquals&lt;/a&gt; assertions that can be specified in a nightwatch.js but these do not allow xpath selectors. I have applied the global parameter to use Xpath everywhere (I will explain below) but I am looking for a way to assert (in a fuzzy way) that the URL of the current page matches a pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason is that I test on numerous instances of the same application which are distinguished by their subdomain(s). I am attempting to make my test automation run on any of these environments (without having to change or duplicate the tests). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23050" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:35:49.987" Title="Is it possible to match a url with xpath in a nightwatch assertion?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;nightwatchjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24478" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26984" CreationDate="2016-12-21T16:28:43.870" Score="8" ViewCount="1259" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Question:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the canonical way to write multi browser window tests in Protractor - the tests that involve multiple sessions fired up interacting with one another?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Story:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The main concern is:&lt;/em&gt; when you fork a new browser via &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=ProtractorBrowser.prototype.forkNewDriverInstance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.forkNewDriverInstance(true)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, all of the global Protractor objects like &lt;code&gt;element()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;element.all()&lt;/code&gt; are still &lt;em&gt;tied to the first/parent browser&lt;/em&gt;. This makes it difficult to follow the Page Object pattern since all of the definitions there are using global &lt;code&gt;element&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;element.all()&lt;/code&gt;. For instance, we cannot use this page object for the forked browsers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var MyPageObject = function () {&#xA;    this.tabs = element.all(by.repeater(&quot;caseHistoryItem in caseViewCtrl.caseHistory&quot;));&#xA;    this.activeCaseTab = element(by.css(&quot;ul#casesList li.active tab-heading.ap-tab-heading&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Test Case:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to make this a bit clearer, here is one of test cases we need to implement. A regular user logs into the application. Then, in a different browser an admin user logs into the application. An admin user closes the regular user's session through the admin tools. Confirm that regular user's session was properly closed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T22:42:26.020" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T22:42:26.020" Title="Canonical way for multi-session browser testing in Protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24465" CreationDate="2016-12-21T17:01:13.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might have to run Chrome using a profile (set the capabilities when defining your WebDriver). I had to do that to get the DRM component to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note:&lt;/em&gt; This will not work if any Chrome process is currently running. Be sure to close all Chrome processes before running your test(s) and only run 1 test at a time on any one machine (no parallel runs on one machine).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C# Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Create an options object to specify command line arguments for the Chrome web driver&#xA;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;// Use a real profile so that all components load&#xA;string localAppData = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(&quot;LocalAppData&quot;);&#xA;options.AddArgument(@&quot;user-data-dir=&quot; + localAppData + @&quot;\Google\Chrome\User Data\&quot;);&#xA;options.AddArgument(@&quot;--profile-directory=Default&quot;);&#xA;// Allow components to update (some components will not load if out of date)&#xA;options.AddExcludedArgument(@&quot;disable-component-update&quot;);&#xA;// Disable extensions (optional, not needed to set/use a profile)&#xA;options.AddArgument(@&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T17:44:10.070" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T17:44:10.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24396" CreationDate="2016-12-21T18:01:31.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of the choices I would say that faults in the requirements are the most expensive to fix as &lt;em&gt;if they are not discovered at a very early stage&lt;/em&gt; everything after them is going to have to be at least re-visited and possible thrown away and started from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From personal experience the one thing more expensive is missing requirements, &lt;em&gt;or even &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt; requirements&lt;/em&gt;, as if you don't have a requirement you cannot implement that behaviour, test it, etc., so you are at the mercy of the timing of when the missing requirement is discovered which may invalidate all of the work done to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T18:01:31.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12851" CreationDate="2016-12-21T20:27:27.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yamikuronue, if you are open to using other software, you can automate file uploads with the Kantu Chromium browser (&lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://kantu.io&lt;/a&gt;), and then use the Kantu API or command line to integrate with Selenium and/or your automation tool chain. The software is free, but Windows only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For file uploads, the command &quot;SelectFileToUpload&quot; is used. Kantu includes a screenshot-based script recorder that will add this command automatically to your script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VU1NF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VU1NF.png&quot; alt=&quot;Upload script&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="22970" LastEditDate="2016-12-21T20:40:39.677" LastActivityDate="2016-12-21T20:40:39.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24475" CreationDate="2016-12-22T04:11:48.400" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good practice - That you are trying to stick with Implicit wait. It may happen at some instance you have to use explicit wait.[Keep in mind]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wait for element&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// wait for field&#xA;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 90);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(element));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wait for page to get load&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Wait till page get loaded completely&#xA;&#xA;static void waitForPageLoad(WebDriver wdriver) {&#xA;  WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(wdriver, 60);&#xA;&#xA;    Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; pageLoaded = new Predicate&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;() {&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public boolean apply(WebDriver input) {&#xA;        return ((JavascriptExecutor) input).executeScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).equals(&quot;complete&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;  };&#xA;wait.until(pageLoaded);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T04:11:48.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24486" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24487" CreationDate="2016-12-22T06:01:48.103" Score="4" ViewCount="628" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as QA.I want to test the static code analysis of my&#xA;project. How to get start this ? Can you suggest a good tool to&#xA; perform static code analysis ?   My project is running in php, python,&#xA;javascript. How to test the static code analysis of these code ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to add plugin sonarqube to idea Inellij ? Is it easy way to choose to test ? OR just install sonarqube on  my ubuntu pc.&#xA;Which should I choose to use  sonarqube ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T13:08:32.237" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T20:11:38.463" Title="How to perform static code analysis?" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;&lt;code&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24486" CreationDate="2016-12-22T06:37:49.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jenkins is a continuous integration server, also known as a build server. It takes the source code and builds it, runs tests and execute any other commands you see fit. Afterwards it can report about the status of these commands like success and or failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code analysis programs can be started and reported on with Jenkins, but this is not something that is included by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A common open source code analysis tool I would look at is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SonarQube&lt;/a&gt;. It has plugins for most programming languages. SonarQube has some command-line tools to process the code and then push it to the web-server for view the results. Jenkins or any other build can push the results from the command-line tool to the SonarQube web-application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T06:48:19.867" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T06:48:19.867" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20740" CreationDate="2016-12-22T06:53:40.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenarios :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumsimplified.com/2016/07/first-impressions-of-selenium-webdriver-3-0-0-beta-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Webdriver 3.0 Documentation&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/launching-firefox-browser-with-geckodriver-selenium-3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Geckodriver Configuration Document&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Selenium 3.0 and higher version require Java8 and Firefox 46,47+ versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note : Here you require to use geckodriver&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Selenium Webdriver 2.53.1 and Lesser version,&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Require lesser version from Firefox 45 and Java7&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note : Here only &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/code&gt; will work perfectly.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please configure system as per above combination and verify your script.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per given comments, &lt;strong&gt;Answer is scenario 2.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T06:53:40.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24489" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-22T06:59:47.997" Score="8" ViewCount="389" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using LDTP to write a GUI test case script in python. I'm running the script in a virtual machine by nosetests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I get a block with the error of &lt;code&gt;unable to find window X&lt;/code&gt;, while window X is absolutely displayed on the monitor. This error always occurs after LDTP actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After I open my subscription manager in the virtual machine (rhel6.8), I could find the subscription manager by calling &lt;code&gt;getwindowlist()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; getwindowlist()&#xA;['frmTopExpandedEdgePanel', 'frmBottomExpandedEdgePanel', 'frmroot@localhost:~',&#xA; 'frmx-nautilus-desktop', 'frmSubscriptionManager']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I use &lt;code&gt;getobjectlist()&lt;/code&gt; to do some action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; getobjectlist('frmSubscriptionManager')&#xA;['flr8', 'flr4', 'mnuAbout', 'flr6', 'flr7', 'flr0', 'flr1', 'flr2', &#xA;'flr3', 'ukn2', 'ukn3', 'ukn0', 'ukn1', 'scpn1', 'scpn0', 'scpn3', 'scpn2', &#xA;'lblStatus1', 'lblContract', 'ptl0', 'flr5', 'txtStartEndDateText', &#xA;'tblBundledProductsTable', 'scbr0', 'mnuRedeemSubscription', &#xA;'tchEndDate', 'lblStatus', 'mnuSystem', 'mnuRegister', 'tchStartDate', &#xA;'lblSKU', 'txtSKUText', 'txtProvidingSubscriptionsText', 'tchQuantity', &#xA;'txtSupportTypeText', 'ttblMySubscriptionsView', 'mnuEmpty', &#xA;'txtArchText', 'mnuConfigureProxy', 'txtSupportLevelAndTypeText', &#xA;'mnuHelp', 'mnuOnlineDocumentation', 'lblStart-EndDate', 'mbr0', &#xA;  ......etc]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The window disappeared, even though it was still displayed on my virtual machine's monitor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; getwindowlist()&#xA;['frmTopExpandedEdgePanel', 'frmBottomExpandedEdgePanel', 'frmroot@localhost:~', 'frmx-nautilus-desktop']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does this error occur, and how should I deal with this situation in an automated test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22716" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2020-02-14T07:23:21.173" LastActivityDate="2020-02-14T07:23:21.173" Title="Error: Unable to find window while the window is already displayed in LDTP" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24486" CreationDate="2016-12-22T08:23:18.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;SonarLint can be fully integrated with the IntelliJ or Eclipse without any difficulties.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SonarSource/sonarlint-intellij&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SonarSource/sonarlint-intellij&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23065" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T08:23:18.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24432" CreationDate="2016-12-22T09:06:50.413" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you try to do a assertion. If that assertion fails. AssertionException is raised. Catch that exception and you will be good to go.&#xA;Better write a wrapper method around the assertion.&#xA;Call that wrapper method whenever you need assertion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23065" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T09:06:50.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24277" CreationDate="2016-12-22T09:16:48.650" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try working with the surefire plugin. This is a better option which works fine with TestNG. Also easy to integrate with Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/components/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://maven.apache.org/components/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23065" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T09:16:48.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-22T11:02:34.430" Score="1" ViewCount="206" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to divide the load on my application with some percentages i.e. Login Module - 60%, Accounts - 10%, Other Modules - 30%. After few research i find a option under Throughput Controller section in jmeter using which i can control these percentages. I find one checkbox there named &quot;per user&quot;. Now i am not getting this check box.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per blazemeter blog &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/running-jmeter-samplers-defined-percentage-probability&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; i tried one scenario as below with &quot;Per user&quot; checkbox &lt;strong&gt;checked&lt;/strong&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &quot;Total Execution&quot; from dropdown. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marked Throughput as 40.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Threads used - 10, Loop count 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, as per the blog specific transactions should execute for 400 times. but there was &lt;strong&gt;Zero&lt;/strong&gt; execution for that transaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried another scenario with &quot;Per user&quot; checkbox &lt;strong&gt;checked&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &quot;Total Execution&quot; from dropdown. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Marked Throughput as 60.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Threads used - 10, Loop count 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, as per the blog specific transactions should execute for 600 times. but it executed 10 times.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any experts out there share what am i doing wrong here? Or there is some more clarity needed how this checkbox works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T11:02:34.430" Title="Jmeter - What is the functioning of &quot;Per User&quot; checkbox under Throughput Controller?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24496" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28599" CreationDate="2016-12-22T13:18:54.150" Score="8" ViewCount="4713" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lately I have been researching Machine Learning, particularly Genetic Algorithm. The principles from what I can tell are rather straightforward and simple. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the basics is that it attempts to determine the best result by using a massive amount of data. The issue I am having is that I need to quantify the results however with SQA the results are usually binary (Pass or Fail) with very little area for wiggle room.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any experience with quantifying results beyond pass or fail? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was considering using machine learning to optimize test runs, in essence to say 'Using x data exercises 20% more of the application than y', or potentially to attempt to achieve 100% code coverage through unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To ask a clear question:&#xA;Is there any way to quantify the results from a test beyond pass or fail, if so, how have you either implemented this or seen this implemented?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T21:07:31.217" Title="Application Of Machine Learning in Quality Assurance" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24497" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-22T13:28:00.920" Score="1" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our project is on spring boot with docker using angularjs for front-end. We use protractor for front-end tests. I want to write a script for easy signup by giving parameters. How can I do this and integrate to project? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, may I use a python script? I don't want to use protractor, because it is for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22641" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T03:19:06.433" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T03:19:06.433" Title="How to write a script for signup on spring boot with angularjs" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-30T16:54:37.180" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24496" CreationDate="2016-12-22T14:14:18.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day you need to make a binary decision, can the code under test be shipped to its customers ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the way to this decision can vary, performance tests are a good example- in some places the definition is something like &quot;better than last N version(s)&quot; or &quot;no major degradation&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that you can use the results as guideline to decision makers using comparative graphs or numbers, maybe even using ML across versions to identify trends or issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T14:14:18.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24501" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24502" CreationDate="2016-12-22T16:55:53.340" Score="2" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to perform penetration testing on my project, to make it more secure. and to fix the vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vulnerabilities allow attackers to exploit or control our system, so I want to make my project more secure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I Googled to get a list of tools, but I want to know what tool most people are using and which ones are the most famous tools for penetration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2016-12-22T19:32:34.820" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T12:52:33.337" Title="Tools used in penetration testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;security&gt;&lt;penetration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2016-12-30T16:56:17.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24501" CreationDate="2016-12-22T17:55:07.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can install Kali Linux. It has a massive amount of tools that you can use to perform penetration testing with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may take a day or so to download and install. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.kali.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kali Linux OS link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T17:55:07.577" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24432" CreationDate="2016-12-22T18:37:36.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any good automation tool should have a setting that allows you to stop on error, log warning on error, or ignore error. If your test suite is built such that the scripts are independent and can be run in any order, you can set the tool to log a warning on error and continue. If your scripts are built and ordered such that one sets the state for the next, you're stuck with stopping as soon as the first error is encountered or you risk having the system in an unknown or unready state for the scripts following the failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you must perform setup for a particular script, you might consider performing the setup &amp;amp; teardown either in separate scripts wrapping the desired check script and setting that trio as a separate suite. The benefit is that you will get more of your scripts running in a single session. The downside is that if there is an error in the setup script your check script will still not run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2016-12-22T18:37:36.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24504" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-22T22:21:53.420" Score="5" ViewCount="623" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few years ago we converted from Excel spreadsheets to TFS 2013. MTM (Microsoft Test Manager) was bundled at the time and had out of the box compatibility with TFS. Recently we have been looking at moving to automation and are running into a few snags. Management is no longer satisfied with the defect traceability of MTM, and testers are not able to easily implement automated scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was hoping you all would be able to recommend some testing software that meets the below qualifications:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to run both manual and automated scripts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect to TFS 2013 for linking requirements, defects, test cases, user stories, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be able to nest test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create test run summaries that can then be sent to customers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must be able to run both web and local applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other features that are important to the company, but the above fit our immediate needs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been tasked with comparing alternative testing tools, but it seems like very few programs are compatible with TFS. What software does your company use to connect with TFS? How does it suit your companies immediate needs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23076" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T13:14:00.227" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T11:43:42.660" Title="Looking for an alternative testing software" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24505" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24507" CreationDate="2016-12-23T04:50:07.073" Score="1" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &quot;Working software over comprehensive documentation&quot; agile value is one of the most controversial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding testing, how do agile test team achieve &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemodeling.com/essays/barelyGoodEnough.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Just Barely Good Enough Models and Documents&quot;&lt;/a&gt;? What factors affect the documentation of testing and what should I do to work effectively with clients and sponsors to produce the minimum documentation of testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2016-12-24T03:00:07.563" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T03:00:07.563" Title="How to document testing in Agile environments?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2016-12-23T13:14:02.437" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24501" CreationDate="2016-12-23T06:46:04.487" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below are some of the penetration tools used in security testing services:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wireshark&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This is basically a network protocol analyzer –popular for providing the minutest details about your network protocols, packet information, decryption etc. It can be used on Windows, Linux, OS X, Solaris, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and many other systems. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Burp suite&lt;/strong&gt; is also essentially a scanner (with a limited “intruder” tool for attacks), although many security testing specialists swear that pen-testing without this tool is unimaginable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zed Attack Proxy&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;ZAP is a completely free to use, scanner and security vulnerability finder for web applications. ZAP includes Proxy intercepting aspects, variety of scanners, spiders etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acunetix&lt;/strong&gt; is essentially a web vulnerability scanner targeted at web applications. It provides SQL injection, cross site scripting testing, PCI compliance reports etc. along with identifying a multitude of vulnerabilities. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18378" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T12:52:33.337" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T12:52:33.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24505" CreationDate="2016-12-23T07:37:44.037" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is not entirely clear, so that I have to make a few assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When do we start test planning?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test planning should start as soon as development starts, e.g. when business analysts sit down with developers to discuss how to meet customer's needs, testers should be there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But, in a real world, this does not always work, in practice, testers should be pro-active; even if you are not invited to such a meeting, you should actively put your hands up to join in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test planning documents&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the size of the system under test, if it is a one shot and really short testing project, there may not be necessary to create a formal test planning documents.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test planning documents basically serve as a road map showing how the tests are to be carried out and when they are carried out, who is responsible to what and etc. If there is a need of having one, it should be produced as soon as possible and frequently reviewed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are there any advantages of it in Agile?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I do not understand this statement, did you mean &quot;are there any advantages of having test plans?&quot; OR did you mean &quot;are there any advantages of having test plans in Agile style?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In general, test planning is useful and almost always is required by management. Ideally, testing and development are carried out in parallel, so if the development is using Agile practices, testing should be in Agile as well. Again, the outcome largely depends on how well you implement Agile. I have seen companies implementing a Agile &quot;shell&quot;, e.g. they thought they implemented Agile, but only on the surface level, and they failed and blames Agile for their failures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T07:37:44.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-23T07:51:41.117" Score="2" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to JMeter, so please bare with me.&#xA;Let's say I have a performance test with 100 v-users and I want to have at least 20 items in the cart / user. How can i control this in JMeter and where? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23078" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T00:08:09.793" Title="How to control how many items are added in the carts during the test?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18578" CreationDate="2016-12-23T08:00:37.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A charter summarizes the goal or activity of the session. It is  a “clear mission for the session”. You can define a charter before you start your session. It is a statement of how the session will be focused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The entire session report consists of these sections:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Session charter (includes a mission statement, and areas to be tested)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Tester name(s)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Date and time started&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.Duration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Data files&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Test notes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;• Bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets see an Example of Session report chart for Login functionality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Session CHARTER:&lt;/strong&gt; Login functionality and report on areas of potential risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AREAS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OS | Windows 7&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browser: Chrome/IE/Firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Login Fuctionality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strategy | Function Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Strategy | Functional Analysis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;START&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;xxxxxxx&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TESTER&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;XYZ&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duration&lt;/strong&gt;xx&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DATA FILES&lt;/strong&gt;N/A&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TEST NOTES&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;I touched the login fucntionality and focused mostly on valid/invalid login attempt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Potental Risks:&#xA;-- Issue on login concurrently with same user&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BUGS&lt;/strong&gt;xyz&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T08:00:37.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24508" CreationDate="2016-12-23T08:58:21.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To check 100 users login and each user need to have 20 items in their cart, you need to create a flow with Data Driven execution.&#xA;Preferable way is to create a excel/csv file and save all the 100 username and password in it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create HTTP request for Login API:- Fetch the first username &amp;amp; password and perform login. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create HTTP request for Cart API: In the body, include all 20 items you want to have in that user`s Cart(If you dont want each user to have same items in Cart then create another excel/csv file containing several cart Items)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put HTTP1 and HTTP2 in a for loop where condition will be end of the line or 100(whichever suites you)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T08:58:21.593" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24428" CreationDate="2016-12-23T09:04:45.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It should be cross browser compatible (Chrome, Firefox, Internet explorer). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the iMacros for Chrome, Firefox and IE addons. They all have a command called &quot;Screenshot&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.imacros.net/SCREENSHOT&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://wiki.imacros.net/SCREENSHOT&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use a 2-line macro for taking screenshots:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;URL GOTO http://your-url.com&#xA;SCREENSHOT TYPE=PAGE FOLDER=* FILE=*&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T09:04:45.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24512" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-23T09:05:01.000" Score="1" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;My test cases are in Excel and have found the ability to import them into TestLink via XML very useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My query is around &quot;Add to Test Plans&quot; flag, I have to set this individually for each test case in order to see them in Execute Test (this is time consuming).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have exported a test case where &quot;Add to Test Plans&quot; have been selected and another test case where it has not been selected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There seems to be no difference in the XML files?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can &quot;Add to Test Plans&quot; flag be set in my XML file prior to importing my test cases??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23080" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:50:13.417" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:50:13.417" Title="TestLink - import XML - &quot;Test Plan Usage&quot;" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24436" CreationDate="2016-12-23T10:55:50.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a formal test plan does not already exist, consider the following factors in making one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &lt;strong&gt;Finding High Level Functions&lt;/strong&gt; As always high level functions are of central purpose to the site or an application, modify those functions based on the priority frequently according to their significance to a user's ability. Determine the test direction as soon as possible to see changes happening rapid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &lt;strong&gt;Test Before Display&lt;/strong&gt; Before the product is being displayed test it using different browsers and platforms also use designers and developers to review the tests. This is an instant where testers run out of time and they need to test without a formal plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) &lt;strong&gt;Concentrate on Ideal Path Actions&lt;/strong&gt; Testers should assume themselves as users, focus on the ideal path and identify those factors most likely to be used in a majority of user interactions. Get to know about the sections where the user makes a frequent visit, because most of the user doesn't think the same way hence make a set of guess based on user's interest when he visits your website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) &lt;strong&gt;Focus on Intrinsic Factors&lt;/strong&gt; Intrinsic factors are internal and it can be fixed only by the tester also the user can do nothing with it. Hence these factors require an immediate attention before the error reflects in the user's end. These errors are time sensitive hence it needs to be fixed without a formal plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) &lt;strong&gt;Boundary Test from Reasonable to Extreme&lt;/strong&gt; The systematic testing of error handling is called boundary testing. Unknown values may choke the system therefore start with all you know when you perform a boundary test. Finding reasonable and predictable mistakes is a better way to perform a progressive boundary test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) &lt;strong&gt;Good Values&lt;/strong&gt; Always use valid and current information. Enter in data formatted as the interface requires. Include all required fields all these good values will help testers to make less errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7) &lt;strong&gt;Reasonable and Predictable Mistakes&lt;/strong&gt; It is easier for testers to predict errors done based on design especially with interface interpretation. These errors are very common and occur frequently due to complex design in fact it is easy to fix without a formal plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8) &lt;strong&gt;Extreme Errors and Crazy Inputs&lt;/strong&gt; Testing for maximum size of inputs, long strings of garbage, numbers in the text fields and text in numeric fields will reduce extreme errors, proceed from most likely to less likely to save time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9) &lt;strong&gt;Compatibility Testing from good to bad&lt;/strong&gt; It is always good to start a test with the configurations which is more familiar. Therefore when you test a cross platform application begin your testing process with the most used browser and then with least used browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10) &lt;strong&gt;Expected Bad Values&lt;/strong&gt; A tester should make sure that an error message pops out each time when some invalid entries are entered in places like online forms. Such test cases don't require a formal plan. A tester can easily give random values to test the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18378" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T20:17:45.663" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T20:17:45.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24514" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-23T11:16:28.583" Score="6" ViewCount="729" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I'm using page object design pattern with testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18365" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T11:39:22.130" Title="Is page object a framework or design pattern?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24514" CreationDate="2016-12-23T11:26:49.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a way to represent a webpage in an abstract way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We &quot;view&quot; a webpage as if it was made of various objects, such as its page title, page URL, page elements (buttons and etc) and various actions we can perform on elements, such as click, drag, navigate and etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find more comprehensive information on Page Object here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Model link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T11:26:49.617" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24514" CreationDate="2016-12-23T11:40:30.687" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.jsp#page-object-design-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium official documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page Object is a Design Pattern&lt;/strong&gt; which has become popular in test automation for enhancing test maintenance and reducing code duplication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not a framework as frameworks are usually understood as a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_framework#Examples&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;specific implementation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A software framework is a universal, &lt;strong&gt;reusable software environment&lt;/strong&gt; that provides particular functionality as part of a larger software platform to facilitate development of software applications, products and solutions.  Software frameworks may include &lt;strong&gt;support programs, compilers, code libraries, tool sets, and application programming interfaces&lt;/strong&gt; (APIs) that bring together all the different components to enable development of a project or system&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-23T11:43:12.480" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T11:43:12.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24514" CreationDate="2016-12-23T12:36:15.487" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page object is an design pattern.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First you should understand the difference between framework and design pattern.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; For that &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18094519/what-is-the-difference-between-design-pattern-and-framework&quot;&gt;refer this link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand page object design pattern &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18094238/what-is-the-page-object-pattern-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;refer this link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Unofficial site for more detail : Do a Google search, you will get a lot info on this link.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.assertselenium.com/automation-design-practices/page-object-pattern/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Pattern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22807" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-03T11:39:22.130" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T11:39:22.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24436" CreationDate="2016-12-23T15:41:12.687" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test plan is one source of information to guide testing. That test plan was generated using other sources of information. All of these information sources are oracles. These oracles can be useful, and can also be fallible. There are a number of different oracles to consider. Here are a few:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Existing automated checks. What are the checks looking for? What might they be missing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;History. Does this version work like the last one?     &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Image. Is the product consistent with the image the company wants to project?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comparable products. Does this thing work like its competitors?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Claims. What does the marketing material say? What about the user manual? Someone dreamed of it and told someone else to build it. What did the dreamer tell the builder, and how was that information conveyed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Users' desires. Does it work the way a user wants and expects?    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Product Consistency. Is each element in the product consistent with other elements in the product (ie. is the Help button in the same place on each page?)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Purpose. You've seen and interacted with similar things, and built a model in your head regarding their purpose. Is the function consistent with that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Statutes. Does it follow the laws of the land?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Bolton describes these in this blog post:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2012/07/few-hiccupps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2012/07/few-hiccupps/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastEditorUserId="6110" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T15:33:20.687" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T15:33:20.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24520" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-23T16:57:21.543" Score="2" ViewCount="1455" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have a simple problem i am trying to automate the testing of a website that has a lot of dropdown lists  that are populated dynamically. I wish to be able to obtain all of the ID's (They populate once every day, unless a new item that was not previously in the inventory is entered.) so i can make my script target the ID to test them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am fairly new to this, however some info i am using Python 3.x with Selenium and Chromedriver. If you need any more info please advice and i will respond as soon as able.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not least sorry for the english, not a native speaker. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 1:&lt;/strong&gt; Archived if you need it please tell me and i can post it again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2:&lt;/strong&gt; Archived if you need it please tell me and i can post it again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 3:&lt;/strong&gt; I am not sure if this is relevant (although i think it is) the drop down list is not a select list, is class is class=&quot;RadComboBoxDropDown RadComboBoxDropDown_AssetRecoverySkin which may explain why it doesn't work with the methods previously described, back to the drawing board, as soon as i have an answer i will post it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23091" LastEditorUserId="23091" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T21:11:05.030" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T03:59:00.813" Title="Obtaining a Dropdown list items and their dynamic ID using Python 3.x and Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24340" CreationDate="2016-12-23T18:37:54.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As someone who was in test for 13 years and has transitioned to information security in the last 2 years, I've thought long and hard about all of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, as others have already said, certifications don't matter that much for most organizations.  Some industries will require them because they have little else to use for verification of knowledge/skills.  Mainly government and large highly regulated orgs like banks or insurance.  Which is the same for test related certs as well.  They're only as valuable as the person(s) reviewing your resume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, is showing your own initiative to learn.  This carries quite far in infosec.  The courses that support the certs will help to show that, but security is very broad and very deep at the same time.  There are some sub-genres, but they all intersect to some degree.  This means you need to be always learning and always researching.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All that being said, the CEH course work is not regarded terribly highly.  Many are drawn to it because it says &quot;hacker&quot; in the title, but depending on where you are in your career it may or may not be worthwhile.  Since you are just starting though, it may help you to figure that out and show what you do or don't know and figure out how you want to move forward. Especially if someone else, like your employer, will pay for it :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there are a lot of great resources to find out how you want to pursue your new career options.  Thankfully there are folks out there like @mubix who have been kind enough to compile a lot of those resources in one place.  Check out his gist on github here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/mubix/5737a066c8845d25721ec4bf3139fd31&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://gist.github.com/mubix/5737a066c8845d25721ec4bf3139fd31&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!  Don't be intimidated by all the data out there, everyone starts somewhere :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T18:37:54.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20077" CreationDate="2016-12-23T19:00:48.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know of any tools that do this pre-made.  But a loop and a list of your cert files in a shell with openssl installed should do it.  To verify the full chain, check out the &lt;code&gt;openssl verify&lt;/code&gt; command.  Something like this should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;openssl verify -CAfile root_cert.pem -untrusted intermediate_cert.pem user_cert.pem&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also add multiple intermediate certs as well.  For each one just add another &lt;code&gt;-untrusted&lt;/code&gt; flag for the cert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few specific pre-made tools that will verify supported ciphers.  Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rbsec/sslscan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;sslscan&lt;/code&gt; to test ciphers&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, with a few loops in your preferred shell (bash for example), you can achieve a similar effect. Just make sure you have the openssl client installed and run something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;openssl s_client -showcerts -cipher &amp;lt;test_cipher&amp;gt; -connect &amp;lt;your_endpoint&amp;gt;:&amp;lt;tls_port&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:26:35.167" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:26:35.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5853" CreationDate="2016-12-23T19:09:16.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any of the popular vulnerability scanners will do this for you.  None of them are going to apply a particular person's guidelines though.  They will use standards agreed upon like CVSS scores, and you'd have to then do the conversion yourself if that's what you want to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out tools like Nessus, which has a free version you can play around with.  And OpenVAS, which is FOSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2016-12-23T19:09:16.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24508" CreationDate="2016-12-24T00:08:09.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have at least 3 options, depending on what exactly you're trying to achieve:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; - Loop Count - defines the number of iterations for each virtual user (affects all nested samplers)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Loop_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Loop Controller&lt;/a&gt; - basically the same as above, but you can limit iterations to only those samplers which are required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Throughput_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Throughput Controller&lt;/a&gt; - controls how many times (in absolute number values or percentages) children samplers are executed. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/running-jmeter-samplers-defined-percentage-probability&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Running JMeter Samplers with Defined Percentage Probability&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed explanation of the Throughput Controller and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Switch_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Switch Controller&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T00:08:09.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17084" CreationDate="2016-12-24T05:59:40.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This worked for me after spending hours fighting with javascript:void(0)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import os&#xA;import time&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from pyvirtualdisplay import Display&#xA;&#xA;display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))&#xA;display.start()&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;&#xA;driver.get('https://www.website.com')&#xA;print (driver.title)&#xA;&#xA;elem = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;something-here&quot;)&#xA;important_is_needed = elem.location_once_scrolled_into_view&#xA;elem.click()&#xA;time.sleep(1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this for Linux chrome install for selenium&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8255929/running-webdriver-chrome-with-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8255929/running-webdriver-chrome-with-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note this comment &quot;you can install chromium-chromdriver package (e.g. with apt-get) and add the path of the chromedriver file to the PATH shell variable PATH=&quot;${PATH}&quot;:/usr/lib/chromium-browser/ If you add this to your .bashrc, you won't need to set it each time you want to test with selenium&quot; Thanks @Arpad Horvath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My install commands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sudo pip install pyvirtualdisplay&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sudo apt-get install xvfb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sudo apt-get install chromium-chromedriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also note the selenium ide firefox plugin can help.  Recording with the ide will tell you the correct string to use for find_element_by_css_selector.  Also, if this is new to you, firefox developer inspector tool and chrome inspect element tool are invaluable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23095" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T06:06:33.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24527" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="87" CreationDate="2016-12-24T10:13:48.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; you can't automate everything. Below are some of the cases where you cant use Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dynamically changing functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases that require more Human interaction&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CUI (command user interface) based test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We can not capture content of an Image&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look and Feel of Web Application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23096" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T10:13:48.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24528" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-24T11:52:52.913" Score="1" ViewCount="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have install  xampp server in my pc. and i have download mantis and trying to configuration mantis in my pc. i have sollw below step:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)download mantis&#xA;2)paste mantis downloaded folder into the E:\XAMPP\htdocs\mantis-1.3.4&#xA;3)try to open xampp in browser like &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:81/dashboard/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:81/dashboard/&lt;/a&gt; .it will open&#xA;4)i have change &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:81/mantis-1.3.4/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:81/mantis-1.3.4/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it display error&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LketI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LketI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T11:52:52.913" Title="Error when setup mantis" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;mantis&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2016-12-26T04:36:55.533" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24268" CreationDate="2016-12-24T12:37:35.623" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the sample question you posted, answer (b) is correct.  The Oracle Assumption is that the tester knows what the expected outcome of a test is based on other information about the system at their disposal.  If the question instead read &quot;A Test Oracle:&quot;, then the correct answer would have been (a) per the definition you cited from the ISTQB glossary.  A Test Oracle is the entity that gives a tester the Oracle Assumption. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5784" LastActivityDate="2016-12-24T12:37:35.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24531" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-25T06:35:18.073" Score="2" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the main problems with manual tests in our organization is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are test cases that needs to be performed on part of our new developments (or software change) - &lt;em&gt;now, I know this sounds like it should be automated but ROI analysis shows it isn't so.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One proposed solution was to use a macro recorder (for windows desktop) and to repetitively perform these testing whenever needed, we've tried to use AutoIT's macro recorder but the result was a complete failure since it required code re-touch on every recorded script (of almost every aspect, desktop resolution &amp;amp; etc.), it's a complete waste of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you know of any practice of using such macro recorder? and if so, which one do you recommend and why? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any better solution for the above problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23100" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-25T06:47:59.040" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T15:30:02.937" Title="Repetitive manual tests not suitable for automation" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24531" CreationDate="2016-12-25T11:09:08.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are other recorders for windows Desktop application. like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd286726.aspx#VerifyingCodeUsingCUITCreate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coded UI&lt;/a&gt;, specially good with the MS .Net desktop applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;, biggest independent commercial automated test supplier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I do not like the &quot;records and playback&quot;, it leads to fragile scripts that easily break. You will notice that maintaining tests like this will costs a lot of time and is frustrating. Still if the time investments is shorter that executing it manually it might be worth your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most UI-test tools also offer a way to hand-code the tests, combining this with &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PageObjects&lt;/a&gt; will give a maintainable, extendable and a better ROI in the long term, although you will be much slower in the short term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do not give enough context, but it feels like you are trying to apply test automation from the UI only. Testing from the UI should be maybe only 10% of your whole test automation suite. For reasons as these test are hard to maintain, expensive to build and they run very slow. Better is to focus on service and unit-tests aswell. Read about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test pyramid&lt;/a&gt; to find the right balance between test types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/test-automation.html#AutomatedTesting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/test-automation.html#AutomatedTesting&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T11:09:08.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13218" CreationDate="2016-12-25T11:19:21.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I think that the problem is that you are trying to search for all types of events and since AU_ENTITY_ID allow NULLs you might receive such error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please try to use LEFT/RIGHT/FULL JOIN (according to what you are trying to achieve) and not using INNER JOIN since converting NULL to INT value might result a failure (unless you are protecting your search with ISNULL()).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23100" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T11:19:21.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24444" CreationDate="2016-12-25T14:01:40.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think it is possible to scroll in native iOS or Android Apps via Javascript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Android it is possible to scroll using UIAutomator: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/testing-support-library/index.html#UIAutomator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/testing-support-library/index.html#UIAutomator&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example usage: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected MobileElement scrollToElementByTextContains(String text) {&#xA;    driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator(&quot;new UiScrollable(new UiSelector().scrollable(true).instance(0))&quot; +&#xA;            &quot;.scrollIntoView(new UiSelector().textContains(\&quot;&quot; + text + &quot;\&quot;).instance(0));&quot;)&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;protected MobileElement srollToElementByResourceId(String regex) {&#xA;    driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator(&quot;new UiScrollable(new UiSelector().scrollable(true).instance(0))&quot; +&#xA;            &quot;.scrollIntoView(new UiSelector().resourceIdMatches(\&quot;.*&quot; + regex + &quot;\&quot;).instance(0));&quot;)&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11612" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T13:38:15.460" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:38:15.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24531" CreationDate="2016-12-25T15:24:26.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do you know of any practice of using such macro recorder? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;the result was a complete failure since it required code re-touch on every recorded script (of almost every aspect, desktop resolution &amp;amp; etc.), it's a complete waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We make good use of macro recorders, as they allow a very fast creation of test cases, even for non-programmers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good record &amp;amp; replay solution is &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; for automating &lt;em&gt;desktop&lt;/em&gt; applications or &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu for Chromium&lt;/a&gt; for automating &lt;em&gt;websites&lt;/em&gt;. Both tools are screenshot-based and use advanced computer vision algorithms, so changed desktop resolutions, changed fonts or moved buttons will &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; break the recorded scripts. In other words, we often transfer scripts from one PC to another PC or VM, and they do not break.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="22970" LastEditDate="2016-12-25T15:30:02.937" LastActivityDate="2016-12-25T15:30:02.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24590" CreationDate="2016-12-25T18:52:18.003" Score="0" ViewCount="878" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selendroid Testing and I went through the tutorial in the link below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selendroid.io/setup.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://selendroid.io/setup.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I run the command &quot;java -jar selendroid.jar -app test-app.apk&quot; like it is mentioned in the part called &quot;Launching Selendroid&quot; with the same resources used in tutorial but when I run it, I get this error output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;D:\test_workspace&amp;gt;java -jar selendroid.jar -app test-app.apk&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher main&#xA;INFO: ################# Selendroid #################&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher main&#xA;INFO: ################# Configuration in use #################&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher main&#xA;INFO: io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidConfiguration@87aac27[&#xA;  port=4444&#xA;  timeoutEmulatorStart=300000&#xA;  supportedApps=[test-app.apk]&#xA;  verbose=false&#xA;  emulatorPort=5560&#xA;  deviceScreenshot=false&#xA;  selendroidServerPort=8080&#xA;  keystore=&amp;lt;null&amp;gt;&#xA;  keystorePassword=&amp;lt;null&amp;gt;&#xA;  keystoreAlias=&amp;lt;null&amp;gt;&#xA;  emulatorOptions=&amp;lt;null&amp;gt;&#xA;  keepEmulator=false&#xA;  registrationUrl=&amp;lt;null&amp;gt;&#xA;  proxy=&amp;lt;null&amp;gt;&#xA;  serverHost=&amp;lt;null&amp;gt;&#xA;  keepAdbAlive=false&#xA;  maxSession=5&#xA;  maxInstances=5&#xA;  registerCycle=0&#xA;  noWebViewApp=false&#xA;  noClearData=false&#xA;  sessionTimeoutSeconds=1800&#xA;  forceReinstall=false&#xA;  logLevel=ERROR&#xA;  deviceLog=true&#xA;  serverStartTimeout=20000&#xA;  printHelp=false&#xA;  serverStartRetries=5&#xA;  folder=&amp;lt;null&amp;gt;&#xA;  deleteTmpFiles=true&#xA;]&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher launchServer&#xA;&#xA;INFO: Starting Selendroid standalone on port 4444&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Executing shell command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remove&#xA; D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/MANIFEST.MF&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Shell command output&#xA;--&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;--&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Executing shell command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remove&#xA; D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/CERT.RSA&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Shell command output&#xA;--&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;--&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Executing shell command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remove&#xA; D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/CERT.SF&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Shell command output&#xA;--&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;--&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Executing shell command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remove&#xA; D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/ANDROIDD.SF&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;SEVERE: Error executing command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remo&#xA;ve D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/ANDROIDD.SF&#xA;org.apache.commons.exec.ExecuteException: Process exited with an error: 1 (Exit&#xA;value: 1)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.executeInternal(DefaultExecut&#xA;or.java:377)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;160)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;147)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand.exec(ShellCommand.java:49)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.android.impl.DefaultAndroidApp.deleteFileFro&#xA;mWithinApk(DefaultAndroidApp.java:112)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.deleteFileFr&#xA;omAppSilently(SelendroidServerBuilder.java:133)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.resignApp(Se&#xA;lendroidServerBuilder.java:145)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.addT&#xA;oAppsStore(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:121)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.init&#xA;ApplicationsUnderTest(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:155)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.&amp;lt;ini&#xA;t&amp;gt;(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:94)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.initialize&#xA;SelendroidServer(SelendroidStandaloneServer.java:63)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Sel&#xA;endroidStandaloneServer.java:52)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.launchServer(SelendroidLa&#xA;uncher.java:65)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.main(SelendroidLauncher.j&#xA;ava:117)&#xA;&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Executing shell command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remove&#xA; D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/ANDROIDD.RSA&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;SEVERE: Error executing command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remo&#xA;ve D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/ANDROIDD.RSA&#xA;org.apache.commons.exec.ExecuteException: Process exited with an error: 1 (Exit&#xA;value: 1)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.executeInternal(DefaultExecut&#xA;or.java:377)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;160)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;147)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand.exec(ShellCommand.java:49)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.android.impl.DefaultAndroidApp.deleteFileFro&#xA;mWithinApk(DefaultAndroidApp.java:112)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.deleteFileFr&#xA;omAppSilently(SelendroidServerBuilder.java:133)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.resignApp(Se&#xA;lendroidServerBuilder.java:146)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.addT&#xA;oAppsStore(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:121)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.init&#xA;ApplicationsUnderTest(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:155)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.&amp;lt;ini&#xA;t&amp;gt;(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:94)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.initialize&#xA;SelendroidServer(SelendroidStandaloneServer.java:63)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Sel&#xA;endroidStandaloneServer.java:52)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.launchServer(SelendroidLa&#xA;uncher.java:65)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.main(SelendroidLauncher.j&#xA;ava:117)&#xA;&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Executing shell command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remove&#xA; D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/NDKEYSTO.SF&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;SEVERE: Error executing command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remo&#xA;ve D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/NDKEYSTO.SF&#xA;org.apache.commons.exec.ExecuteException: Process exited with an error: 1 (Exit&#xA;value: 1)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.executeInternal(DefaultExecut&#xA;or.java:377)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;160)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;147)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand.exec(ShellCommand.java:49)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.android.impl.DefaultAndroidApp.deleteFileFro&#xA;mWithinApk(DefaultAndroidApp.java:112)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.deleteFileFr&#xA;omAppSilently(SelendroidServerBuilder.java:133)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.resignApp(Se&#xA;lendroidServerBuilder.java:147)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.addT&#xA;oAppsStore(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:121)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.init&#xA;ApplicationsUnderTest(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:155)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.&amp;lt;ini&#xA;t&amp;gt;(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:94)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.initialize&#xA;SelendroidServer(SelendroidStandaloneServer.java:63)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Sel&#xA;endroidStandaloneServer.java:52)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.launchServer(SelendroidLa&#xA;uncher.java:65)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.main(SelendroidLauncher.j&#xA;ava:117)&#xA;&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Executing shell command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remove&#xA; D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/NDKEYSTO.RSA&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;SEVERE: Error executing command: D:\android_sdk\build-tools\25.0.2\aapt.exe remo&#xA;ve D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk META-INF/NDKEYSTO.RSA&#xA;org.apache.commons.exec.ExecuteException: Process exited with an error: 1 (Exit&#xA;value: 1)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.executeInternal(DefaultExecut&#xA;or.java:377)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;160)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;147)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand.exec(ShellCommand.java:49)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.android.impl.DefaultAndroidApp.deleteFileFro&#xA;mWithinApk(DefaultAndroidApp.java:112)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.deleteFileFr&#xA;omAppSilently(SelendroidServerBuilder.java:133)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.resignApp(Se&#xA;lendroidServerBuilder.java:148)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.addT&#xA;oAppsStore(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:121)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.init&#xA;ApplicationsUnderTest(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:155)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.&amp;lt;ini&#xA;t&amp;gt;(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:94)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.initialize&#xA;SelendroidServer(SelendroidStandaloneServer.java:63)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Sel&#xA;endroidStandaloneServer.java:52)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.launchServer(SelendroidLa&#xA;uncher.java:65)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.main(SelendroidLauncher.j&#xA;ava:117)&#xA;&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;INFO: Executing shell command: C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_111\bin\jarsigner.&#xA;exe -sigalg MD5withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -signedjar D:\test_workspace\resigned-tes&#xA;t-app.apk -storepass android -keystore C:\Users\heba.ahmad\.android\debug.keysto&#xA;re D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk androiddebugkey&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand exec&#xA;SEVERE: Error executing command: C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_111\bin\jarsigne&#xA;r.exe -sigalg MD5withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -signedjar D:\test_workspace\resigned-t&#xA;est-app.apk -storepass android -keystore C:\Users\heba.ahmad\.android\debug.keys&#xA;tore D:\test_workspace\test-app.apk androiddebugkey&#xA;java.io.IOException: Cannot run program &quot;C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_111\bin\&#xA;jarsigner.exe&quot; (in directory &quot;.&quot;): CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find&#xA; the file specified&#xA;        at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.lang.Runtime.exec(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.launcher.Java13CommandLauncher.exec(Java13Com&#xA;mandLauncher.java:58)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.launch(DefaultExecutor.java:2&#xA;54)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.executeInternal(DefaultExecut&#xA;or.java:319)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;160)&#xA;        at org.apache.commons.exec.DefaultExecutor.execute(DefaultExecutor.java:&#xA;147)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand.exec(ShellCommand.java:49)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.signTestServ&#xA;er(SelendroidServerBuilder.java:296)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.resignApp(Se&#xA;lendroidServerBuilder.java:154)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.addT&#xA;oAppsStore(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:121)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.init&#xA;ApplicationsUnderTest(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:155)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.&amp;lt;ini&#xA;t&amp;gt;(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:94)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.initialize&#xA;SelendroidServer(SelendroidStandaloneServer.java:63)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Sel&#xA;endroidStandaloneServer.java:52)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.launchServer(SelendroidLa&#xA;uncher.java:65)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.main(SelendroidLauncher.j&#xA;ava:117)&#xA;Caused by: java.io.IOException: CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find th&#xA;e file specified&#xA;        at java.lang.ProcessImpl.create(Native Method)&#xA;        at java.lang.ProcessImpl.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(Unknown Source)&#xA;        ... 17 more&#xA;&#xA;Dec 25, 2016 8:11:53 PM io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher launchServer&#xA;&#xA;SEVERE: Error building server: An error occurred while resigning the app 'test-a&#xA;pp.apk'.&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; io.selendroid.server.common.exceptions.SessionNotCrea&#xA;tedException: An error occurred while resigning the app 'test-app.apk'.&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.addT&#xA;oAppsStore(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:124)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.init&#xA;ApplicationsUnderTest(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:155)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.&amp;lt;ini&#xA;t&amp;gt;(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:94)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.initialize&#xA;SelendroidServer(SelendroidStandaloneServer.java:63)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.SelendroidStandaloneServer.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Sel&#xA;endroidStandaloneServer.java:52)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.launchServer(SelendroidLa&#xA;uncher.java:65)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.SelendroidLauncher.main(SelendroidLauncher.j&#xA;ava:117)&#xA;Caused by: io.selendroid.standalone.exceptions.ShellCommandException: Error exec&#xA;uting shell command: C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_111\bin\jarsigner.exe -sigal&#xA;g MD5withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -signedjar D:\test_workspace\resigned-test-app.apk&#xA;-storepass android -keystore C:\Users\heba.ahmad\.android\debug.keystore D:\test&#xA;_workspace\test-app.apk androiddebugkey&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.io.ShellCommand.exec(ShellCommand.java:56)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.signTestServ&#xA;er(SelendroidServerBuilder.java:296)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.builder.SelendroidServerBuilder.resignApp(Se&#xA;lendroidServerBuilder.java:154)&#xA;        at io.selendroid.standalone.server.model.SelendroidStandaloneDriver.addT&#xA;oAppsStore(SelendroidStandaloneDriver.java:121)&#xA;        ... 6 more&#xA;Caused by: io.selendroid.standalone.exceptions.ShellCommandException:&#xA;        ... 10 more&#xA;&#xA;D:\test_workspace&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;**Note that I searched a lot about it with no luck&#xA;so how can I fix this error?**&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23107" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T03:23:37.633" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T13:15:59.387" Title="Not able to start selendroid server" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;selendroid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24539" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24540" CreationDate="2016-12-26T08:08:38.167" Score="1" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;Application object is not defined after closing and opening again. There are no runtime errors but all actions performed under object in application can not force it to act, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;workersJavaTree.Select(&quot;Node1;Node1.2&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the object &lt;code&gt;workersJavaTree&lt;/code&gt; does not exist anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2016-12-26T11:41:08.590" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T11:56:08.843" Title="Application object is not defined after closing and opening again in UFT" Tags="&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24539" CreationDate="2016-12-26T08:08:38.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;After reopening the object in application UFT object should be reinitialized:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;workersJavaTree.init()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then all actions under the object are performed well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hierarchical structure while initializing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are several objects that are reloaded/reopened (e.g. reload a form with several fields &amp;amp; controls) you should &lt;code&gt;init()&lt;/code&gt; the top-most one. And all children after that are available. Chech the next picture:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tL0mq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tL0mq.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should only do &lt;code&gt;object_3.init()&lt;/code&gt;, after that you can start with &lt;code&gt;object_5.doSomething()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Timer after initialization&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes object is not seen right after the initialization, so I have created custom &lt;code&gt;init()&lt;/code&gt; function with check that object already exists:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;' customized initialization of reloaded/reopened object&#xA;Function customizedInit(object, timeToWait, details)&#xA;    object.init()&#xA;    isInitialized = False&#xA;    If NOT(object.Exist(timeToWait)) Then&#xA;        ReportAndLogFailWithScreenshot &quot;Initialized object was not found in &quot; &amp;amp; timeToWait &amp;amp; &quot; seconds&quot;, details&#xA;        isInitialized = False&#xA;    Else&#xA;        isInitialized = True&#xA;    End If&#xA;&#xA;    customizedInit = isInitialized&#xA;End Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Attention: in this function you should use the object that would be used in action not the top-most.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T11:56:08.843" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T11:56:08.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23781" CreationDate="2016-12-26T12:02:50.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My scripts run overnight, where 1 hour isn't too much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incidentally, you have to test that your session doesn't time out until the desired amount of time has elapsed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your case, my script would wait 59 minutes and check that the session &lt;em&gt;hasn't&lt;/em&gt; timed out. Then it would wait 60 minutes to check that the session &lt;em&gt;has&lt;/em&gt; timed out and that the appropriate action and messages occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For many sites, the timeout value is set in a configuration somewhere. So on your test site, you may be better served to set your timeout value to something short (5 minutes?). You are testing the functionality that way. In production, you will still need to check that the configuration has been set up properly (to 1 hour, for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T20:42:10.030" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T20:42:10.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24542" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24554" CreationDate="2016-12-26T12:12:22.563" Score="1" ViewCount="455" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am building a testing framework for a website using Page Object Model with Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking that in general if I have two pages with the exact user controls and functions but different URLs I should create one father page class that has two classes inheriting from it. But what if I have the same two pages with different locators for controls? what do you think? do you think that creating a totally separate class for every page will be a good practice? or is there a way to let the children classes override locators? knowing that I am using PageFactory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Header &#xA;    {&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;logout_button&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement BtnLogout { get; set; }&#xA;    public Header()&#xA;     {&#xA;      PageFactory.InitElements(Browser.Driver, this);&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;    public void Logout()&#xA;     {&#xA;      this.BtnLogout.Click();&#xA;     }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;public class Header &#xA;{&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;logout&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement BtnLogout { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;   public Header()&#xA;    {&#xA;     PageFactory.InitElements(Browser.Driver, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;   public void Logout()&#xA;   {&#xA;    this.BtnLogout.Click();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T21:34:44.940" Title="Page object practices" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-26T22:06:32.920" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently evaluating a QA tool for our company's QA Team; I don't have much experience in this area so many things are new for me and probably there are many reasons for what I consider a design problem in our case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;problem&quot; is that in all the tools I have seen or installed, the information is grouped project by project, and uses cases like getting a metric of how many tests were run in a week by each member of the team, independent of the project, requires me to build a report for each project and then aggregate the info outside of the tool (or make SQL Scripts to &quot;add&quot; the info).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if we define a test like &quot;withdraw from an mutual fund&quot;, and we want to use that definition in more than one project, let's say a standalone front-office application and an internet mobile application for our clients, then we have to re-write the test for each case. What I would expect here is to have a &quot;test definition&quot; and a &quot;test implementation&quot;, so if I change the definition I get some kind of warning that the X number of implementations should be reviewed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end, we need to manage a QA team, and to reuse knowledge where possible, but the &quot;project&quot; does not translate accurately to our needs, or maybe I am miss understanding many things and there is another way to organize info into &quot;projects&quot; that could meet our needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea or reference would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23118" LastActivityDate="2016-12-26T22:06:32.920" Title="Why QA tools aggregate info on &quot;projects&quot; and not &quot;teams&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-01-03T09:05:36.480" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24546" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-27T07:49:57.763" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-27T07:49:57.763" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T07:49:57.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24547" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-27T07:49:57.763" Score="0" Body="SAP applications, built around their latest R/3 system, provide the capability to manage financial, asset, and cost accounting, production operations and materials, personnel, plants, and archived documents. " OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="6797" LastEditDate="2016-12-27T10:19:40.183" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T10:19:40.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24548" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-27T08:05:38.410" Score="1" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Jmeter script ready for checking performance of webapp, Before i send the actual http request to measure performance, i want to send another http request to set some value. How do set the http request to set some values in Jmeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23120" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T23:25:39.240" Title="In Jmeter before sending Http samplers I want to hit a URL to set some values, How do i do it?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-03T09:05:44.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18093" CreationDate="2016-12-27T10:12:26.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, Observed and Its not only to TestLink specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test cases are tracked by unique id&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Those test cases may be part of different test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We take action as execution on Test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we modify test case in any of the Test plan and if it differ from original, It will ask &quot;Do you want to save/modify the original test case?&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you don't want that test to be updated click on &quot;NO&quot;. It will just update that particular test case from particular Test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are willing to modify click on &quot;Yes&quot;. It will update the test case in all Test plan and original test case as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T10:12:26.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17125" CreationDate="2016-12-27T11:53:19.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can achieve this by launching IE in private mode&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();  &#xA;capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.FORCE_CREATE_PROCESS, true);  &#xA;сapabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_SWITCHES, &quot;-private&quot;);&#xA;InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please make sure that your registry has the below property and value else you will get an exception:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open the registry editor and go to the section below and locate the &lt;strong&gt;TabProcGrowth&lt;/strong&gt; key:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the key exist, make sure to change the value to 0 else  create a new DWORD (32-bit) Value or String Value and name it as TabProcGrowth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set the value of the &lt;strong&gt;TabProcGrowth&lt;/strong&gt; key to 0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9161" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:17:59.837" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:17:59.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24542" CreationDate="2016-12-27T12:00:17.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about C# but in Java annotations are static and cannot be changed at runtime. So this excludes using PageFactory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you could simply use dynamic locators, i.e., old &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(locator)&lt;/code&gt; where locator is provided somehow dynamically. This doesn't seem very clear implementation to me. Neither I can see any benefit from that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More clear solution for me would be to involve interface, e.g.,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public interface Header {&#xA;   void Logout();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class Header1 implements Header { &#xA;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;logout&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement BtnLogout { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    public Header1() {&#xA;      PageFactory.InitElements(Browser.Driver, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;   @Override&#xA;   public void Logout() {&#xA;    this.BtnLogout.Click();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class Header2 implements Header { &#xA;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;logout_button&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement BtnLogout { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    public Header2() {&#xA;      PageFactory.InitElements(Browser.Driver, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;   @Override&#xA;   public void Logout() {&#xA;    this.BtnLogout.Click();&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And can be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Header oneHeader = new Header1();&#xA;Header anotherHeader = new Header2();&#xA;...&#xA;oneHeader.Logout();&#xA;...&#xA;anotherHeader.Logout();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2016-12-27T12:26:38.730" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T12:26:38.730" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24520" CreationDate="2016-12-27T14:49:16.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Python, following it's philosophy of &quot;batteries included&quot;, provides perfect &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/api.html#selenium.webdriver.support.select.Select&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select()&lt;/code&gt; helper class&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; provides many useful functions, the one you want is &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/api.html#selenium.webdriver.support.select.Select.options&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.options()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - list of the options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is why I love Python. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T03:59:00.813" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T03:59:00.813" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16999" CreationDate="2016-12-27T16:29:33.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working remotely as a SDET for the last 4 years and with well defined agile projects this is more common. It is still a matter of being able to communicate effectively and daily (Skype, Slack, email) and have clearly defined work (Jira, Rally) but location is not a major barrier. With a skill set including Python, Java, Ruby, Go, C# and some common framework (Selenium, Nunit, Junit, Robot) there are great opportunities available.  Not everyone is successful at running a project including remote resources but there are a growing number of companies working that way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23126" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T16:29:33.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23781" CreationDate="2016-12-27T21:25:39.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is the best way to automate this is via the UI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you use a combination of unit and integration tests to test the backend api and the exploratory/manual testing to ensure the pop-up appears?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if the business needs it to be automated via the UI, you can always configure the time out to be less than an hour so you're not waiting an entire hour for the test? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the question is: what is it you're testing? Are you testing that the user is logged out or are you testing that the message appears? There are multiple ways for this to be tested using Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23128" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T21:25:39.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24559" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24562" CreationDate="2016-12-27T21:28:42.467" Score="2" ViewCount="2034" Body="&lt;p&gt;The gecko driver path that works in JAVA is causing an error in &lt;code&gt;TestNG&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Environment:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Win 10&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FF &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;selenium-java-3.0.1 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;geckodriver-v0.11.1-win64&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;eclipse-java-neon-2-win32-x86_64&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect I'm placing the GeckoDriver path in the: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) wrong format and/or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) wrong place in the TestNG script, but it might be something far more basic, as I'm a novice in this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Working Code in JAVA :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package foo;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;... (various 'import')&#xA;&#xA;public class foo02 {    &#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\TestTools\\geckodriver-v0.11.1-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Non working code with TestNG:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package fooNGpackage;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;... (various 'import')&#xA;&#xA;public class newtestclss {&#xA;     WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA; @BeforeTest&#xA; public void start(){&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;C:\\Users\\TestTools\\geckodriver-v0.11.1-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;, null); &#xA;&#xA; driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; @Test&#xA; public void Test(){ &#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Loading Google search page&quot;);&#xA;  driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;  System.out.println(&quot;Google search page loaded fine&quot;);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; @AfterTest&#xA; public void close(){&#xA; driver.quit(); &#xA; }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error when run as TestNG:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestNG] Running:&#xA;C:\Users\\[my dir\]\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse--1726843281\testng-customsuite.xml&#xA;&#xA;FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeTest start&#xA;&#xA;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;&#xA;at java.util.Hashtable.put(Unknown Source)&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;SKIPPED CONFIGURATION: @AfterTest close&#xA;&#xA;SKIPPED: Test&#xA;&#xA;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;&#xA;at java.util.Hashtable.put(Unknown Source)&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;___&#xA;&#xA;Default test&#xA;Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 1&#xA;&#xA;Configuration Failures: 1, Skips: 1&#xA;___&#xA;&#xA;Default suite&#xA;Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 1&#xA;&#xA;Configuration Failures: 1, Skips: 1&#xA;___&#xA;&#xA;\[TestNG\] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@3a883ce7: 16 ms&#xA;&#xA;\[TestNG\] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@72b6cbcc: 17 ms&#xA;&#xA;\[TestNG\] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@4bbfb90a: 13 ms&#xA;&#xA;\[TestNG\] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@7d0587f1: 74 ms&#xA;&#xA;\[TestNG\] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@34cd072c: 122 ms&#xA;&#xA;\[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 16 ms&#xA;___&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your suggestion is greatly appreciated. HK&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23127" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2016-12-28T07:01:15.747" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:35:54.257" Title="GeckoDriver error in TestNG that works in plain JAVA" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24504" CreationDate="2016-12-27T21:31:22.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree - I don't think there is an exact match with your requirements but I found a combination of Jenkins (or any CI build server) for build and automated tests and Jira for everything else works well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23128" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T21:31:22.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24548" CreationDate="2016-12-27T23:25:39.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally people use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#setUp_Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;setUp Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; for any precondition actions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for some reason this is not applicable for your scenario - you can consider using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_PreProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 PreProcessor&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://hc.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache HttpComponents&lt;/a&gt; API to send a custom HTTP Request prior to the JMeter's one. The time taken by PreProcessors, PostProcessors and Timers is not included into the sampler's &quot;Elapsed Time&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-ajaxxhr-enabled-sites-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Load Test AJAX/XHR Enabled Sites With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for some reference Groovy code, but keep in mind you need PreProcessor, not the PostProcessor.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2016-12-27T23:25:39.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24559" CreationDate="2016-12-28T04:00:04.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The syntax for &lt;code&gt;setProperty()&lt;/code&gt; method is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;&amp;lt;driver we want to use in the program&amp;gt;&quot;, &#xA;                   &quot;&amp;lt;path where the driver exists&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per the question,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In java you have mentioned correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In TestNG, in place of 'driver to be used' you have mentioned 'driver path' and in place of 'driver path' you have pointed to null.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Correct way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void start(){&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\TestTools\\geckodriver-v0.11.1-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:35:54.257" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:35:54.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24563" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-28T05:20:31.887" Score="5" ViewCount="3518" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am working on a banking application. Our requirement is to execute tests in parallel in one system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A) Below is how our application responds to  selenium parallel execution :-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does not allow multiple logins in IE&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Allows multiple logins in chrome and FF [During automation we create new profile every time, so I presume that selenium creates new browser profile every time ]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are able to execute tests in parallel using firefox and chrome without any session issues.But while executing on IE our application logs out from the second instance automatically.. I have tried launching IE in &lt;strong&gt;private mode&lt;/strong&gt; using below IE capabilities  , But still facing problem in IE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();  &#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.FORCE_CREATE_PROCESS, true);  &#xA;    сapabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_SWITCHES, &quot;-private&quot;);&#xA;    InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manually if you launch two IE in private mode with two different logins, it is working fine, Am getting issue only when automating via selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using our inhouse framework for running multiple instance. we are not using testng or other unit testing frameworks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please help me over come this IE session issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if you need more details..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:-&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below link says lot about how to design application not to share sessions between tabs...But I did not found any solution for my issue..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/ie/en-US/bcd9b000-8c14-4d91-9aac-3e258a11557d/how-to-prevent-session-sharing-across-ie-tabs?forum=iewebdevelopment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/ie/en-US/bcd9b000-8c14-4d91-9aac-3e258a11557d/how-to-prevent-session-sharing-across-ie-tabs?forum=iewebdevelopment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9161" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T14:51:35.980" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T11:24:07.230" Title="How to get multiple login instances working in Internet Explorer?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24564" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24565" CreationDate="2016-12-28T06:18:21.990" Score="0" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm automating ios app. For demo purpose I wanted to mirror my iPhone's screen on my macbook. How can I do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using OS X with version 10.11.4 and iPhone iOS version 8.3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question - How can I see/mirror my iPhone's screen on my macbook?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2016-12-28T08:35:30.153" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T08:35:30.153" Title="iPhone + macbook + mirror : How can I see/mirror my iPhone's screen on my macbook?" Tags="&lt;mobile-automation&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24564" CreationDate="2016-12-28T06:28:08.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have OS X Yosemite and iOS 8 or anything higher than that, try,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect your iPhone, iPad or iPod touch to your Mac via a Lightning&#xA;Cable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open QuickTime on your Mac, and select File &gt; New Movie Recording.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A recording window will appear. Click the arrow next to the Record&#xA;button, and select your iPhone from the dropdown menu that appears.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the Record button and go about your business on your iPhone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you're done, click the Stop button and save the video.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all you want to do is play, I found you can skip steps 4 and 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just keep in mind, it doesn't work if you are in a phone call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T06:28:08.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24566" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-28T07:31:57.030" Score="1" ViewCount="808" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Environment&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium Verion =&gt; 1.6.3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JDK =&gt; 8.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ios =&gt; 10.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xcode =&gt; 8.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium Console Error&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Last login: Wed Dec 28 12:05:16 on ttys002&#xA;test1:~ vbsmac$ appium -p 4727&#xA;[Appium] Welcome to Appium v1.6.3&#xA;[Appium] Non-default server args:&#xA;[Appium]   port: 4727&#xA;[Appium] Appium REST http interface listener started on 0.0.0.0:4727&#xA;[HTTP] --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;safariIgnoreFraudWarning&quot;:true,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;10.2&quot;,&quot;safariAllowPopups&quot;:false,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;Safari&quot;,&quot;autoWebview&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;iOS&quot;,&quot;udid&quot;:&quot;d83c88477a911a053e5de26036fe8b0512e3d0e6&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;hchanders iPad&quot;}}&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.createSession() with args: [{&quot;safariIgnoreFraudWarning&quot;:true,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;10.2&quot;,&quot;safariAllowPopups&quot;:false,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;Safari&quot;,&quot;autoWebview&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;iOS&quot;,&quot;udid&quot;:&quot;d83c88477a911a053e5de26036fe8b0512e3d0e6&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;hchanders iPad&quot;},null,null,null,null]&#xA;[Appium] Requested iOS support with version &amp;gt;= 10, using XCUITest driver instead of UIAutomation-based driver, since the latter is unsupported on iOS 10 and up.&#xA;[Appium] Creating new XCUITestDriver session&#xA;[Appium] Capabilities:&#xA;[Appium]   safariIgnoreFraudWarning: true&#xA;[Appium]   platformVersion: '10.2'&#xA;[Appium]   safariAllowPopups: false&#xA;[Appium]   browserName: 'Safari'&#xA;[Appium]   autoWebview: 'true'&#xA;[Appium]   platformName: 'iOS'&#xA;[Appium]   udid: 'd83c88477a911a053e5de26036fe8b0512e3d0e6'&#xA;[Appium]   deviceName: 'hchanders iPad'&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] XCUITestDriver version: 2.4.2&#xA;[BaseDriver] Capability 'autoWebview' changed from string to boolean. This may cause unexpected behavior&#xA;[BaseDriver] Session created with session id: c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Xcode version set to '8.2'&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] iOS SDK Version set to '10.2'&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Available devices: d83c88477a911a053e5de26036fe8b0512e3d0e6&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Creating iDevice object with udid d83c88477a911a053e5de26036fe8b0512e3d0e6&#xA;[XCUITest] Determining device to run tests on: udid: 'd83c88477a911a053e5de26036fe8b0512e3d0e6', real device: true&#xA;[XCUITest] Safari test requested&#xA;[debug] [iOSLog] Attempting iOS device log capture via libimobiledevice idevicesyslog&#xA;[debug] [iOSLog] Found idevicesyslog: '/usr/local/bin/idevicesyslog'&#xA;[XCUITest] Setting up real device&#xA;[XCUITest] Using WDA path: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-xcuitest-driver/WebDriverAgent'&#xA;[XCUITest] Using WDA agent: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-xcuitest-driver/WebDriverAgent/WebDriverAgent.xcodeproj'&#xA;[XCUITest] Launching WebDriverAgent on the device&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Carthage found: /usr/local/bin/carthage&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Killing hanging processes&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Using real device logger 'idevicesyslog'&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Beginning test with command 'xcodebuild build test -project /usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-xcuitest-driver/WebDriverAgent/WebDriverAgent.xcodeproj -scheme WebDriverAgentRunner -destination id=d83c88477a911a053e5de26036fe8b0512e3d0e6 -configuration Debug' in directory '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-xcuitest-driver/WebDriverAgent'&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Unable to get device time. Using local system time&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Output from idevicedate: Wed Dec 28 12:44:41 IST 2016&#xA;&#xA;[XCUITest] Waiting for WebDriverAgent to start on device&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Log file for xcodebuild test: /Users/vbsmac/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/WebDriverAgent-brdadhpuduowllgivnnvuygpwhzy/Logs/Test/F3630FFD-2C61-47A8-B279-423EB2224E8B/Session-WebDriverAgentRunner-2016-12-28_124442-hSx2Kw.log&#xA;[debug] [WebDriverAgent] Device: Dec 28 12:44:47 hchanders-iPad XCTRunner[2728] &amp;lt;Notice&amp;gt;: Running tests...&#xA;[debug] [WebDriverAgent] Device: Dec 28 12:44:49 hchanders-iPad XCTRunner[2728] &amp;lt;Notice&amp;gt;: Continuing to run tests in the background with task ID 1&#xA;[XCUITest] Detected that WebDriverAgent is running at url 'http://192.168.1.227:8100'&#xA;[XCUITest] WebDriverAgent started at url 'http://192.168.1.227:8100'&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Starting iproxy to forward traffic from local port 8100 to device port 8100 over USB&#xA;[debug] [JSONWP Proxy] Proxying [POST /session] to [POST http://localhost:8100/session] with body: {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;bundleId&quot;:&quot;com.apple.mobilesafari&quot;,&quot;arguments&quot;:[&quot;-u&quot;,&quot;http://appium.io&quot;],&quot;shouldWaitForQuiescence&quot;:true}}&#xA;[debug] [JSONWP Proxy] Got response with status 200: {&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;8E0ED454-A5F0-4B42-B486-CA73E4C256E9&quot;,&quot;capabilities&quot;:{&quot;device&quot;:&quot;ipad&quot;,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;Safari&quot;,&quot;sdkVersion&quot;:&quot;10.2&quot;,&quot;CFBundleIdentifier&quot;:&quot;com.apple.mobilesafari&quot;}},&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;8E0ED454-A5F0-4B42-B486-CA73E4C256E9&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:0}&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Setting initial orientation to 'PORTRAIT'&#xA;[debug] [JSONWP Proxy] Proxying [POST /orientation] to [POST http://localhost:8100/session/8E0ED454-A5F0-4B42-B486-CA73E4C256E9/orientation] with body: {&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;PORTRAIT&quot;}&#xA;[debug] [JSONWP Proxy] Got response with status 200: {&quot;value&quot;:{},&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;8E0ED454-A5F0-4B42-B486-CA73E4C256E9&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:0}&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Waiting for initial webview&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Waiting for 3000 ms before navigating to view.&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Navigating to most recently opened webview&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Retrieving contexts and views&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Selecting by url: true (expected url: 'http://appium.io')&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Getting WebKitRemoteDebugger pageArray: localhost, 27753&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Sending request to: http://localhost:27753/json&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Page element JSON: [{&quot;devtoolsFrontendUrl&quot;:&quot;/devtools/devtools.html?ws=localhost:27753/devtools/page/3&quot;,&quot;faviconUrl&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;thumbnailUrl&quot;:&quot;/thumb/http://bkstr-tablet-q1.uat.brandingbrand.com/&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Branding Brand&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://bkstr-tablet-q1.uat.brandingbrand.com/&quot;,&quot;webSocketDebuggerUrl&quot;:&quot;ws://localhost:27753/devtools/page/3&quot;,&quot;appId&quot;:&quot;PID:2736&quot;},{&quot;devtoolsFrontendUrl&quot;:&quot;/devtools/devtools.html?ws=localhost:27753/devtools/page/4&quot;,&quot;faviconUrl&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;thumbnailUrl&quot;:&quot;/thumb/http://appium.io/&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Appium: Mobile App Automation Made Awesome.&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://appium.io/&quot;,&quot;webSocketDebuggerUrl&quot;:&quot;ws://localhost:27753/devtools/page/4&quot;,&quot;appId&quot;:&quot;PID:2734&quot;}]&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Retrieving contexts and views&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Selecting by url: true (expected url: 'http://appium.io')&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Getting WebKitRemoteDebugger pageArray: localhost, 27753&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Sending request to: http://localhost:27753/json&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Page element JSON: [{&quot;devtoolsFrontendUrl&quot;:&quot;/devtools/devtools.html?ws=localhost:27753/devtools/page/3&quot;,&quot;faviconUrl&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;thumbnailUrl&quot;:&quot;/thumb/http://bkstr-tablet-q1.uat.brandingbrand.com/&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Branding Brand&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://bkstr-tablet-q1.uat.brandingbrand.com/&quot;,&quot;webSocketDebuggerUrl&quot;:&quot;ws://localhost:27753/devtools/page/3&quot;,&quot;appId&quot;:&quot;PID:2736&quot;},{&quot;devtoolsFrontendUrl&quot;:&quot;/devtools/devtools.html?ws=localhost:27753/devtools/page/4&quot;,&quot;faviconUrl&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;thumbnailUrl&quot;:&quot;/thumb/http://appium.io/&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Appium: Mobile App Automation Made Awesome.&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://appium.io/&quot;,&quot;webSocketDebuggerUrl&quot;:&quot;ws://localhost:27753/devtools/page/4&quot;,&quot;appId&quot;:&quot;PID:2734&quot;}]&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Picking webview 'WEBVIEW_3'&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Attempting to set context to 'WEBVIEW_3'&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] WebKit debugger web socket connected to url: ws://localhost:27753/devtools/page/3&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Unregistering from page readiness notifications&#xA;[Appium] New XCUITestDriver session created successfully, session c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7 added to master session list&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Responding to client with driver.createSession() result: {&quot;webStorageEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;locationContextEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;Safari&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;MAC&quot;,&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;databaseEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;:true,&quot;networkConnectionEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;safariIgnoreFraudWarning&quot;:true,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;10.2&quot;,&quot;safariAllowPopups&quot;:false,&quot;autoWebview&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;iOS&quot;,&quot;udid&quot;:&quot;d83c88477a911a053e5de26036fe8b0512e3d0e6&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;hchanders iPad&quot;}&#xA;[HTTP] &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session 200 22943 ms - 480 &#xA;[HTTP] --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session/c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7/timeouts {&quot;type&quot;:&quot;implicit&quot;,&quot;ms&quot;:50000}&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.timeouts() with args: [&quot;implicit&quot;,50000,&quot;c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7&quot;]&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Executing command 'timeouts'&#xA;[debug] [BaseDriver] Set implicit wait to 50000ms&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Responding to client with driver.timeouts() result: null&#xA;[HTTP] &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session/c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7/timeouts 200 13 ms - 76 &#xA;[HTTP] --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session/c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7/timeouts {&quot;type&quot;:&quot;page load&quot;,&quot;ms&quot;:9000000}&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.timeouts() with args: [&quot;page load&quot;,9000000,&quot;c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7&quot;]&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Executing command 'timeouts'&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Set page load timeout to 9000000ms&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Responding to client with driver.timeouts() result: null&#xA;[HTTP] &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session/c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7/timeouts 200 3 ms - 76 &#xA;[HTTP] --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session/c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7/timeouts {&quot;type&quot;:&quot;script&quot;,&quot;ms&quot;:9000000}&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.timeouts() with args: [&quot;script&quot;,9000000,&quot;c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7&quot;]&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Executing command 'timeouts'&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Set async script timeout to 9000000ms&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Responding to client with driver.timeouts() result: null&#xA;[HTTP] &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session/c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7/timeouts 200 4 ms - 76 &#xA;[HTTP] --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session/c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7/url {&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://bkstr-tablet-qa1.uat.bbhosted.com/9969store/home&quot;}&#xA;[debug] [MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.setUrl() with args: [&quot;http://bkstr-tablet-qa1.uat.bbhosted.com/9969store/home&quot;,&quot;c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7&quot;]&#xA;[debug] [XCUITest] Executing command 'setUrl'&#xA;[debug] [iOS] Attempting to set url 'http://bkstr-tablet-qa1.uat.bbhosted.com/9969store/home'&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Navigating to new URL: http://bkstr-tablet-qa1.uat.bbhosted.com/9969store/home&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Sending WebKit data: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;Page.navigate&quot;,&quot;...&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Receiving WebKit data: {&quot;result&quot;:{},&quot;id&quot;:1}&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Found handler for message '1'&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Received page navigated message: {&quot;result&quot;:{},&quot;id&quot;:1}&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Waiting for dom...&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Page loaded, verifying whether ready&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Checking document readyState&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Sending javascript command (function (){ return document.readyState; })()&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] Sending WebKit data: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;Runtime.evaluate...&#xA;[MJSONWP] Encountered internal error running command: TimeoutError: operation timed out&#xA;    at afterTimeout (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/bluebird/js/main/timers.js:16:15)&#xA;    at Timeout.timeoutTimeout [as _onTimeout] (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/bluebird/js/main/timers.js:59:9)&#xA;    at ontimeout (timers.js:365:14)&#xA;    at tryOnTimeout (timers.js:237:5)&#xA;    at Timer.listOnTimeout (timers.js:207:5)&#xA;[HTTP] &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session/c2b529f4-a013-4eb0-940b-329983ed0ce7/url 500 8057 ms - 190 &#xA;[debug] [iProxy] recv failed: Resource temporarily unavailable&#xA;[debug] [iProxy] recv failed: Operation not permitted&#xA;[debug] [RemoteDebugger] WebKit remote debugger socket disconnected&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eclipse Console Error&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. Original error: operation timed out (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T05:35:36.487" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T05:35:36.487" Title="Not able to open url during script run in real device on ios 10.2 with Appium 1.6.3, Webview timeout issue" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-19T10:40:56.530" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10304" CreationDate="2016-12-28T12:22:58.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Appium have capabilities to auto accept or dismiss the alerts, you can use these capabilities to complete your flow, as per your requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;autoAcceptAlerts = true&#xA;&#xA;capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;autoAcceptAlerts&quot;, true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;autoDismissAlerts = true&#xA;&#xA;capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;autoDismissAlerts&quot;, true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, some of the older versions of Appium haven’t worked with this solution, so you might want to try a small workaround with this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().Alert().Accept();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note : If Auto accept/dismiss capabilities used, it will accept/dismiss all the alerts of the application automatically.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T12:22:58.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22821" CreationDate="2016-12-28T13:20:56.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sikuli can automate this (in the emulator on the Mac). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;SikuliX automates anything you see on the screen of your desktop computer running Windows, Mac or some Linux/Unix. It uses image recognition powered by OpenCV to identify and control GUI components. This is handy in cases when there is no easy access to a GUI's internals or the source code of the application or web page you want to act on.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T13:20:56.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24563" CreationDate="2016-12-28T13:25:41.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I remember correctly, IE shares cookies even in in-private mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caveat: Mac user currently, and I have not touched IE for some time. You might want to check that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.html-kit.com/tools/cookietester/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;with this site.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="17517" LastEditDate="2018-02-01T12:17:35.783" LastActivityDate="2018-02-01T12:17:35.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24563" CreationDate="2016-12-28T13:43:59.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using something like this (it's Ruby code but presumably you can adapt to your Java language):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;before(:each) do&#xA;  caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities..internet_explorer('ie.ensureCleanSession' =&amp;gt; true, 'ie.browserCommandLineSwitches' =&amp;gt; 'private')&#xA;  @driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:internet_explorer, :desired_capabilities =&amp;gt; caps)&#xA;  @driver.manage.window.maximize&#xA;  @base_url = &quot;https://www.example.com/&quot;&#xA;  @accept_next_alert = true&#xA;  @driver.manage.timeouts.implicit_wait = 30&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:34:58.883" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:34:58.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24572" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-28T14:17:32.597" Score="0" ViewCount="12974" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing static code analysis with sonarqube, but installion was failed. when i type  on browser &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://localhost:9000/sonar.  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This site can’t be reached&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;localhost refused to connect. Search Google for localhost 9000 sonar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I install by using &lt;a href=&quot;http://dev.mamikon.net/installing-sonarqube-on-ubuntu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this site&lt;/a&gt;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;terminal :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:~$ telnet localhost 9000&#xA;Trying 127.0.0.1...&#xA;Connected to localhost.&#xA;Escape character is '^]'.&#xA;Connection closed by foreign host.&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:~$ netstat -ntlp&#xA;(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info&#xA; will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)&#xA;Active Internet connections (only servers)&#xA;Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name&#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.1.1:53            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:5432          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:18618         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:18619         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp6       0      0 :::39701                :::*                    LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      -               &#xA;tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      -               &#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:~$ cd /opt/sonar&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar$ cd bin&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin$ ls&#xA;jsw-license   linux-x86-64         windows-x86-32&#xA;linux-x86-32  macosx-universal-64  windows-x86-64&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin$ cd linux-x86-64&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$ ls&#xA;lib  sonar.sh  wrapper&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$  sudo ./sonar.sh stop &#xA;[sudo] password for naveen: &#xA;Stopping SonarQube...&#xA;SonarQube was not running.&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$  netstat -ntl &#xA;Active Internet connections (only servers)&#xA;Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State      &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.1.1:53            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:5432          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:18618         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:18619         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     &#xA;tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN     &#xA;tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN     &#xA;tcp6       0      0 :::39701                :::*                    LISTEN     &#xA;tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN     &#xA;tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN     &#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$ netstat -ntlp | grep 9000&#xA;(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info&#xA; will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)&#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -               &#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$ sudo netstat -ntlp | grep 9000&#xA;tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1278/php-fpm.conf)&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$ sudo netstat -ntlp | grep 9000&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$ netstat -ntl | grep 9000&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$ sudo ^C&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$  sudo ./sonar.sh start&#xA;Starting SonarQube...&#xA;Started SonarQube.&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$ sudo ./sonar.sh status&#xA;SonarQube is running (4014).&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$  netstat -ntl | grep 9000 &#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$ sudo netstat -ntl | grep 9000&#xA;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/opt/sonar/bin/linux-x86-64$  telnet localhost 9000 Trying 127.0.0.1...&#xA;telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T10:50:41.623" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T12:13:05.973" Title="sonarqube server is not working" Tags="&lt;sonarqube&gt;&lt;terminal&gt;&lt;server&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24573" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24575" CreationDate="2016-12-28T14:47:13.460" Score="2" ViewCount="793" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on setting up a distributed testing environment and am running in to an interesting issue. When running tests in parallel the tests seem to get routed to the correct nodes and execute to a point however the hub seems to be sending the browser close and session close commands for all tests being run in in parallel to a single node instead of one to each node that is running as should occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some Background:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have developed a testing framework to test one of our organizations applications using C#, the C# selenium language bindings, NUnit, and Selenium Grid. My tests are rather simple right now (I simply open up a browser and navigate to Google) to verify the functionality of my Selenium Grid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue I am running in to only occurs when I run tests in parallel. When executing my tests in a single file fashion they appear to get sent to the hub and then are relegated to the proper nodes and run successfully. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am achieving parallel execution of my tests by applying the [Parallelize] attribute at the [TestFixture] level of my classes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My environment is currently one Windows 2012 R2 server running Selenium Server 3.0.1 in hub mode, the same server running Selenium Server 3.0.1 in Node mode, and one MacBook Air running Selenium Server 3.0.1 in node mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The configuration for my Windows node is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;capabilities&quot;:&#xA;  [&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;firefox&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 5,&#xA;      &quot;seleniumProtocol&quot;: &quot;WebDriver&quot;&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;chrome&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 5,&#xA;      &quot;seleniumProtocol&quot;: &quot;WebDriver&quot;&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;internet explorer&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1,&#xA;      &quot;seleniumProtocol&quot;: &quot;WebDriver&quot;&#xA;    }&#xA;  ],&#xA;  &quot;maxSession&quot;: 5,&#xA;  &quot;port&quot;: 5555,&#xA;  &quot;register&quot;: true,&#xA;  &quot;registerCycle&quot;: 5000,&#xA;  &quot;hub&quot;: &quot;REDACTED&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;nodeStatusCheckTimeout&quot;: 5000,&#xA;  &quot;nodePolling&quot;: 5000,&#xA;  &quot;role&quot;: &quot;node&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;unregisterIfStillDownAfter&quot;: 60000,&#xA;  &quot;downPollingLimit&quot;: 2,&#xA;  &quot;debug&quot;: false,&#xA;  &quot;servlets&quot; : [],&#xA;  &quot;withoutServlets&quot;: [],&#xA;  &quot;custom&quot;: {}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Windows hub configuration is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;port&quot;: 4444,&#xA;  &quot;newSessionWaitTimeout&quot;: -1,&#xA;  &quot;servlets&quot; : [],&#xA;  &quot;withoutServlets&quot;: [],&#xA;  &quot;custom&quot;: {},&#xA;  &quot;capabilityMatcher&quot;: &quot;org.openqa.grid.internal.utils.DefaultCapabilityMatcher&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;throwOnCapabilityNotPresent&quot;: true,&#xA;  &quot;cleanUpCycle&quot;: 5000,&#xA;  &quot;role&quot;: &quot;hub&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;debug&quot;: false,&#xA;  &quot;browserTimeout&quot;: 0,&#xA;  &quot;timeout&quot;: 1800&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of my tests being run are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace BSPTests&#xA;{&#xA;    [TestFixture]&#xA;    [Parallelizable]&#xA;    public class ParallelTestsTwo&#xA;    {&#xA;        [Test]&#xA;        public void TestMethod2()&#xA;        {&#xA;            Driver.Initialize(&quot;safari&quot;, &quot;MAC&quot;, &quot;HUB_URL_HERE&quot;);&#xA;            Debug.GoTo(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;            Driver.Close();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Driver.Close() code is as follows:&#xA;(Driver is a method that wraps my current instance of the RemoteWebDriver)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void Close()&#xA;{&#xA;    // Close the currently open browser and dispose of the currently open instance&#xA;    Instance.Close();&#xA;    Instance.Dispose();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any advice as to how to make my grid function properly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23156" LastEditorUserId="23156" LastEditDate="2016-12-28T17:50:08.077" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T17:50:08.077" Title="Selenium Grid sending commands to the wrong node" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24573" CreationDate="2016-12-28T17:50:05.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears as though you are using a static instance for the close operation. I am not certain of the inner workings of your driver class but it is possible that this is causing the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using a non-static object for managing your driver in order to ensure that you are always accessing the same Session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do further debugging to determine if the issue is in your code or potentially with the setup, pause the execution of your code in the middle of multiple sessions and make the following requests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GET method&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://WebDriverEndpoint/wd/hub/sessions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://WebDriverEndpoint/wd/hub/sessions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will return the sessions for the WebDriver, copy one of them and then call:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DELETE method&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://WebDriverEndpoint/wd/hub/session/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://WebDriverEndpoint/wd/hub/session/&lt;/a&gt;{sessionId}/window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which should close out the corresponding webdriver session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Information for endpoints can be found in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/Remote/WebDriverWireProtocolCommandInfoRepository.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenium source&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T17:50:05.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22841" CreationDate="2016-12-28T18:12:23.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is your own website, you can run the test in the same local network/data center where the servers itself are hosted. It does not get any faster than that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T18:12:23.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22841" CreationDate="2016-12-28T19:37:28.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One general approach that could be taken is to figure out which tests could share a browser instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frequently (and usually ideally) each test opens up a new browser instance and this approach avoids data from tests interfering with each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can also be used to  share some activities, most frequently login authentication, e.g. one section of shared code opens up a browser instance and logs in and then the subsequent tests in that group continue to use that logged in browser instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I mentioned this is a non-standard approach and is NOT a good practice.  This can lead you to tests that interact in unpredictable ways with intermittent failures.  However sometimes speed needs can over-ride that.  As with all 'rules', break with caution when needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T19:37:28.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22841" CreationDate="2016-12-28T19:43:01.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One often overlooked approach is to reduce the number of tests being run.  TDD and BDD development often leads to test creation, but RARELY to test deletion.  I don't mean when code is deleted, tests should be deleted - that's certainly true in itself - but I mean that sometimes it's just a good idea to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delete tests that never fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delete tests that fail intermittently but pass most times&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;delete tests that aren't appropriate for the platform*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;change scheduling so that not all tests are run all the time, e.g. some are daily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* for example I recently found a test suite of 50 tests that was running verfy slow on mobile.  It turned out that 34 of the tests were intended for desktop only - but passed on mobile as the DOM still works.  So I removed them for a &gt; 50% reduction in test suite time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2016-12-28T19:43:01.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5634" CreationDate="2016-12-29T01:54:13.130" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at LoadBooster(&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.loadbooster.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.loadbooster.com&lt;/a&gt;). It utilizes headless scriptable browser PhantomJS/CasperJs to test web sites. Phantomjs will parse and render every page, execute the client-side script. The headless browser approach is easier to write test scenarios to support complex AJAX heavy Web 2.0 app，browser navigation, mouse click and keystrokes into the browser or wait until an element exists in DOM. LoadBooster support selenium HTML script too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work for LoadBooster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23142" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T01:54:13.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24609" CreationDate="2016-12-29T05:11:38.557" Score="3" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;I install both SonarQube and sonar-runner. And I want to know how to start working. My project uses PHP language. So I want to check the code analysis of my project. But how to get started working? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is Eclipse is needed for SonarQube?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we just add a file like &lt;code&gt;sonar-runner-properties&lt;/code&gt; into the local project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:33:23.817" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:33:39.587" Title="I want to know working of sonarqube" Tags="&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;&lt;code&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24583" CreationDate="2016-12-29T05:23:33.073" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally there should be some thing or some one to push data to sonar qube. In my project i use Jenkins to push data to sonar qube.&#xA;Seems to be in you case you are trying to use Eclips to push data to sonar qube.&#xA;So please refer the below video&#xA; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0QGOI_dkHLM&amp;amp;t=4s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0QGOI_dkHLM&amp;amp;t=4s&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T05:23:33.073" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-29T08:22:55.317" Score="2" ViewCount="2143" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I'm using sonarqube to analyse my code. I am trying my project to run in sonar-runner, but its getting execution failure. I'm running in a dirtectory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Like my project located in cd /var/www/html/projectname/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inside directory I put sonar-project.properties and inside the file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;sonar.projectKey = qmsadm &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sonar.projectName = Qmsadm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;sonar.projectVersion = 1.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sonar.sources = application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In sonar-runner/conf/sonar-runner.properties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;sonar.projectKey = qmsadm &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sonar.projectName= QmsAdm&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;sonar.projectVersion = 1.0 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sonar.sources = /var/www/html/qmsadm/application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I execute &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/var/www/html/qmsadm$ sonar-runner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;terminal :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;INFO: ------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;INFO: EXECUTION FAILURE&#xA;INFO: ------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;Total time: 2.583s&#xA;Final Memory: 6M/95M&#xA;INFO: ------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;ERROR: Error during Sonar runner execution&#xA;ERROR: Unable to execute Sonar&#xA;ERROR: Caused by: Unable to load component class org.sonar.batch.scan.ProjectLock&#xA;ERROR: Caused by: Failed to create work directory&#xA;ERROR: Caused by: /var/www/html/qmsadm/./.sonar&#xA;ERROR: &#xA;ERROR: To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run SonarQube Runner with the -e switch.&#xA;ERROR: Re-run SonarQube Runner using the -X switch to enable full debug logging&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T08:22:55.317" Title="Sonar-runner Execution Failure" Tags="&lt;sonarqube&gt;&lt;linux&gt;&lt;terminal&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-01-03T17:04:56.283" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20411" CreationDate="2016-12-29T10:32:16.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        webDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div#gwt-debug-ddPolicy&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        JavascriptExecutor executor= (JavascriptExecutor)webDriver;&#xA;        executor.executeScript(&quot;document.getElementById('ddPolicy').style.display='block';&quot;);&#xA;        Select select1 = new Select(webDriver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ddPolicy&quot;)));&#xA;        select1.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Gaurav&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code worked for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T10:32:16.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24451" CreationDate="2016-12-29T12:47:01.200" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;IVR (Interactive Voice Response) applications allows&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;customers to call and navigate through various instructions&#xA;to Login, check on account, pay bills, order service, Customer call, Raise complaints etc.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IVR applications interacts with the caller to determine (via collection&#xA;of customer entered dtmf digits) who is calling and the reason&#xA;for the call. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The IVR can also provide automated services to the customer e.g. Automated Bill Inquiry. The IVR acts as a play-and-collect box where the only call routing logic exists to provide fall back routing capability. The IVR performs a database lookup based upon the collected digits and passes the customer data to the CTI infrastructure associated with the call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example of IVR architecture:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iXeF8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iXeF8.png&quot; alt=&quot;IVR&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing all of these IVR systems poses a number of challenges that you don’t often encounter testing other types of applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Following are some points which needs to be taken care at the time of testing an IVR application:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Account Login scenario tests for User &amp;amp; Administration account:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test System login scenarios for user &amp;amp; Admin perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Pushing the keys of a phone to send DTMF digits:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DTMF tone is the basic unit used to communicate with and take control over an IVR system. A caller sends the DTMF tones by pressing appropriate keys on a touch-tone phone to move through the menu tree of the IVR system. This menu can be a complicated maze of menus, branches and choices. Complex systems of this type require in-depth testing to ensure that customers are not confused or become stuck without a defined exit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Distinguishing between different languages:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advanced IVR systems offer caller-selectable languages in which to play announcements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Speaking, listening and understanding voice prompts:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many IVR systems do not only accept caller interactions with DTMF tones, they are increasingly capable of recognizing voice prompts spoken by the caller.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Rating the voice quality of an announcements:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IVR system announcements must be of good quality. They must be transmitted clearly to ensure the caller can understand every word.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Behavior under load conditions:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An IVR system can be put under very different load conditions once it is deployed in a live network (e.g., during a tele-voting event, when many callers setup up a call within a very short time). Thus IVR systems must be tested under different load conditions prior to their deployment to ensure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The IVR system works correctly under real load conditions in a live network.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The IVR system recovers properly from overload conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The IVR system is stable over a long period of time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Call tracking and report testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Logging:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The source of the message.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each step in the path it takes to reach the destination.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When and how it reaches the destination.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What, if any, errors were encountered and the nature of those errors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With your logs are functioning as desired, anytime you run into an issue you can check the logs to find the root cause of the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For References :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gl.com/testing-interactive-voice-response-systems.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test IVR app&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.optimusinfo.com/ivr-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Optimus IVR Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2016-12-29T13:00:36.143" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T13:00:36.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24537" CreationDate="2016-12-29T13:15:59.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found the solution that I added Java JDK as environment variable like the answer below:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/26640589/3684096&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/26640589/3684096&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23107" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T13:15:59.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12003" CreationDate="2016-12-29T14:35:38.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I see 2 ways:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;$options = array('1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', '11', '12');&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;foreach ($options as $option) {&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;select($this-&amp;gt;byId(&quot;month&quot;))-&amp;gt;selectOptionByValue($option);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for ($i = 0; $i &amp;lt; 12; $i++ ) {&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;select($this-&amp;gt;byId(&quot;month&quot;))-&amp;gt;selectOptionByValue($i);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23151" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T14:35:38.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24597" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30086" CreationDate="2016-12-29T17:13:10.900" Score="3" ViewCount="3418" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm trying to run my script through a command line so it works on other computers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that I have this hard-coded into it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/Users/xxxx/Desktop/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to be able to run it without that line so I can just call the driver through the command line, is that possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I was attempting to use to try and run it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar ~/Desktop/driver.jar -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/Users/xxxx/Desktop/Jar/chromedriver &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I get an error telling me the driver does not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T22:00:25.587" Title="SetProperty Driver Command Line Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24600" CreationDate="2016-12-29T17:47:17.383" Score="1" ViewCount="998" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the recommended practice for maintaining test automation code within version control? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are currently keeping all of our production and staging feature code within SVN but our tests (which are written in Ruby) are currently in Github.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it bad practice to store all of our automated test code within a separate version control system or does this not matter? e.g. GitHub for our tests and SVN for our codebase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23033" LastEditorUserId="23033" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T19:33:02.157" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T19:33:02.157" Title="What is the recommended practice for maintaining test automation code within version control?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;version-control&gt;&lt;testing-practice&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-01-03T09:05:17.460" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24598" CreationDate="2016-12-29T18:43:20.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's irrelevant things, while code+tests can form common integrated entity (single repository with all needed content)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to have only &quot;good&quot; pair of VCS (where master VCS can handle without any problem slave VCS). In this aspect, Git on Github + SVN is not the best choice (because SVN-part of Github is... well... &lt;em&gt;ugly&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23155" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T18:43:20.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24598" CreationDate="2016-12-29T18:45:14.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is completely ok, we did exactly the same for a while. I assume this is for historical reasons (it was in our case)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in general, you will try to have the smallest number of systems possible. So for the medium future, it probably makes sense to unify on either SVN or Git(hub) as repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T18:45:14.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24597" CreationDate="2016-12-29T18:48:12.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get the driver path from the command line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, args[0]);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can distribute a Chrome driver in your project and call it using relative path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String projectPath = System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;);&#xA;String projectPathToTheDriver = ...;&#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,projectPath + projectPathToTheDriver + &quot;chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:31:33.763" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:31:33.763" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20513" CreationDate="2016-12-29T19:06:09.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The commercial edition of &lt;a href=&quot;http://imacros.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iMacros&lt;/a&gt; can export the recorded scripts as Selenium WebDriver code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you first use the (very good) iMacros recorder, then use the iMacros Editor to export/convert the scripts to Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;those scripts can be run on different browser without much maintenance in case any elements id changes on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case I would recommend a screenshot-based solution such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu&lt;/a&gt;. Picture-driven scripts are by design insensitive to element ID changes. Sikuli is desktop-based and thus will work with every browser. Kantu works inside Chromium, so the web automation scripts run very stable, but you are limited to testing with the Chrome browser engine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T19:06:09.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24598" CreationDate="2016-12-29T19:19:48.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No this is perfectly acceptable. The only time I could see this being a problem is if you were using something like TFS for your codebase and wanted to execute your tests on builds. At this point (as I understand it) you would want your code stored in the same version control system (arguably in the same solution). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23156" LastActivityDate="2016-12-29T19:19:48.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24604" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-30T00:35:49.843" Score="2" ViewCount="604" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm running into this error when I try and run my script.  Appium is running and tried with both the simulator running on and off.  Is there something missing I'm not seeing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import unittest&#xA;import os&#xA;from appium import webdriver&#xA;from time import sleep&#xA;&#xA;class SimpleIOSTests(unittest.Testcase):&#xA;&#xA;     def setup(self):&#xA;&#xA;     app = os.path.abspath('/Users/gleviern/appium/UICatalog.app')&#xA;     self.driver = webdriver.Remote(&#xA;         command_executor='127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub',&#xA;         desired_capabilities={&#xA;               'app': app,&#xA;               'platformName': 'iOS',&#xA;               'platformVersion': '10.1',&#xA;               'deviceName': 'iPhone 7',&#xA;               'automationName': 'XCUITest'&#xA;      })&#xA;&#xA;     def tearDown(self):&#xA;          self.driver.quit()&#xA;&#xA;     def test_first_element_click(self):&#xA;&#xA;          driver = self.driver&#xA;&#xA;          element = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('Picker View')&#xA;          element.click()&#xA;&#xA;if __name__ == '__main__':&#xA;      suite = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(SimpleIOSTests)&#xA;      unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Traceback:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;appiumTest.py&quot;, line 6, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;class SimpleIOSTests(unittest.Testcase):&#xA;AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Testcase'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18877" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T08:08:50.107" Title="Getting Errors When Running Appium Script In Python" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-12-01T17:08:05.860" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24606" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-30T04:00:40.290" Score="1" ViewCount="1296" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to read two columns of data from Excel sheet and I should assign that data to code module variable..please tell me how to write code in c# in ranorex?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23158" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T11:55:40.947" Title="How to read data from excel using code module in Ranorex?" Tags="&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24598" CreationDate="2016-12-30T05:41:26.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the software developers’ version control system is available for testers great, but if not, test scripts can be versioned separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many different free version control tools available. TortoiseSVN, which uses the Subversion (SVN) protocol, is very popular and very easy to use.&#xA;Setting up a new SVN repository using TortoiseSVN only takes a few minutes.You can set up a SVN repository on a shared network drive, so you don’t need a server (but a server is cool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T05:41:26.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24583" CreationDate="2016-12-30T05:59:58.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the step-by-step procedure to perform the scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup a Jenkins server if already not using.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Goto plugin-manager of Jenkins to install “SonarQube Plugin”.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Goto “System-configuration” of Jenkins to provide “SonarQube”&#xA;server’s details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a Jenkins job and choose one source code management option&#xA;(say git).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under build, add “Execute Shell” as build step and write commands to&#xA;run unit tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add “Invoke Standalone SonarQube Analysis” as another build step and&#xA;add below lines to “Analysis properties” block:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sonar.projectKey=App Name- Any Identifier&#xA;sonar.projectName=Project1&#xA;sonar.projectVersion=1.0.0&#xA;sonar.projectDescription=Static analysis for the AppName&#xA;sonar.sources=path/to/code/src, path/to/code/grails-app&#xA;sonar.groovy.cobertura.reportPath=path/to/code/target/test-reports/cobertura/coverage.xml&#xA;sonar.language=grvy&#xA;sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ihh3K00hV_k&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; guides us in triggering a Sonar Project from within Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:33:39.587" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:33:39.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24611" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2016-12-30T08:05:01.847" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2016-12-30T08:05:01.847" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T08:05:01.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24612" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2016-12-30T08:05:01.847" Score="0" Body="Worksoft Certify is the industry software for automated business process testing. Automate the functional testing of mission-critical processes end-to-end across complex application landscapes, including web technologies, mobile apps and dozens of packaged enterprise applications." OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="6797" LastEditDate="2016-12-30T09:34:14.333" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T09:34:14.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24613" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24619" CreationDate="2016-12-30T10:31:32.327" Score="5" ViewCount="297" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 60 pages which i need to test for compatibility in 112 devices and OS's, are there any basic formulas to estimate these kind of Testing based projects.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I give an estimation for this? are there any best practices?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:23:18.617" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T19:46:54.713" Title="Formulas for test estimation?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;efficiency&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24615" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-30T12:20:30.960" Score="-1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Appium + TestNG scripts to run the AWS device farm. I understood how to work on the AWS.&#xA;But now i have some questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Where the Device farm is located and How to see the setting of locations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Does they support calling functions, Camera, Videos and particularly ear phone jack to track down the FM app and its frequency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17742" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2016-12-30T17:09:27.830" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T17:13:27.400" Title="Regarding AWS device farm" Tags="&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24616" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-30T12:55:26.417" Score="1" ViewCount="9109" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test csv file download using REST webservice Jersey(JAX-RS) in java&#xA;when the url is called using the tool postman. But File is not downloaded in postman. What is the best way to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23168" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T11:53:15.173" Title="Testing tool to test file download using REST webservice" Tags="&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24616" CreationDate="2016-12-30T15:02:31.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not enough detail in the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Postman docs (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/docs/responses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.getpostman.com/docs/responses&lt;/a&gt;):&#xA;&quot;If your API endpoint returns an image, Postman will detect and render it automatically. For binary response types, you should select “Send and download” which will let you save the response to your hard disk. You can then view it using the appropriate viewer. This gives you the flexibility to test audio files, PDFs, zip files or anything that the API throws at you.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it should be doable, but you're probably doing something wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want to use Postman, you can just copy the URL that triggers the download and then use it in any test script you want, written in any language. For example, Python + requests library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T15:02:31.200" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24615" CreationDate="2016-12-30T17:13:27.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of your questions are answered in t&lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/device-farm/faq/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;he AWS device farm FAQ&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: My app makes use of &lt;strong&gt;location&lt;/strong&gt; services. Can I specify the physical&#xA;  location of the device?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yes, you can supply latitude and longitude coordinates that will be&#xA;  used to &lt;strong&gt;override&lt;/strong&gt; a device’s GPS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: Can I make phone calls or send SMS from the devices?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No, devices do not have carrier connections and cannot make phone&#xA;  calls or send SMS messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Q: Can I use the device camera? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Yes, you can use the device cameras, both front- and rear-facing. Due&#xA;  to the way the devices are mounted, images and videos may look dark&#xA;  and blurry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems you can contact the AWS device farm support at &lt;a href=&quot;http://mailto:aws-devicefarm-support@amazon.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aws-devicefarm-support@amazon.com&lt;/a&gt; for your other questions. I except the answer will be currently not supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2016-12-30T17:13:27.400" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24613" CreationDate="2016-12-30T17:41:20.733" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just like you would give an estimation for anything else, either it is something you can time or it is something that has high uncertainty and is inestimable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all the pages are relative the same you could maybe calculate it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PageTime = Time (in minutes or seconds) the testing compatibility of one average page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DeviceTime = Time the setup of an average device&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TotalTime = (PageTime * 60 * 112 ) + (DeviceTime * 112)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now on average someone works 5-6 hours per day, as you need slack and toilet breaks. Since you cannot test compatibility 8 hours straight, during testing you cannot focus you need short breaks here and there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you should be able to give a man-day estimation. Now during execution, I would log the time per page per device or something to see if I am on track. If not update the estimation :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I wonder if you cannot skip some devices that have a low risk because they are not used by a large audience. Start with the high-risk devices and pages first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="22534" LastEditDate="2017-01-02T08:32:58.357" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T08:32:58.357" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24621" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2016-12-30T18:08:09.063" Score="0" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to generate a bug report from Bugzilla, which should be consist of following status &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Confirmed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In progress&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verified and Closed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how I can generate the report with the mentioned status? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iCTNN.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iCTNN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Please see report format&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23171" LastEditorUserId="23171" LastEditDate="2016-12-31T04:22:26.497" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T21:17:37.153" Title="I want to generate a report from Bugzilla" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T08:52:43.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24211" CreationDate="2016-12-31T02:03:35.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium 3.0 is a drop-in replacement, so it's as simple as updating your &lt;code&gt;Gemfile&lt;/code&gt; to use the latest version of Selenium-WebDriver (and any other libraries you want). Then run your package manager to update / install those libraries. For example, when I did this two weeks ago I ran &lt;code&gt;bundle update&lt;/code&gt; (I use bundler). I deleted the Gemfile.lock prior to updating, just in case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only thing consider is that in Selenium 3.0 you'll need to start using GeckoDriver / MarionetteDriver instead of Firefox. That is also a drop-in replacement. If you use MacOS I wrote a post on how to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kenst.com/2016/12/installing-marionette-firefoxdriver-on-mac-osx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;install it&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T02:03:35.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24621" CreationDate="2016-12-31T21:17:37.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can create and save a query, then export it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2016-12-31T21:17:37.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20856" CreationDate="2017-01-01T00:57:57.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am looking for a name for the field that will hold the following&#xA;  values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Regression &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Progression &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Stress&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the field name &quot;Test Type&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T00:57:57.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22388" CreationDate="2017-01-01T01:00:00.107" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a free utility called Easy File Locker that could work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find it at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xoslab.com/efl.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.xoslab.com/efl.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T01:00:00.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20856" CreationDate="2017-01-01T01:14:30.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As field reflects the defect type, I think you should name it &quot;Defect Type&quot;. It would look like as;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect Type&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Progression&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Stress  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type is not an option as already used and also too generic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23147" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T01:14:30.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24633" CreationDate="2017-01-01T06:43:10.207" Score="1" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I'm working in Selenium, REST API testing. And our company&#xA;wants us to do security testing and ethical hacking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know the difference between them, if I take the responsibility of security testing, it is good for me to do an extra tough task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are various positions for testing like manual tester, Selenium tester, performance tester, security tester... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm told to specialize towards one job. If you do everything you can't progress. I'm uncertain whether I should perform only one specific job or do security testing, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T08:00:11.397" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T08:00:11.397" Title="Career focus on single testing skills or multiple? (e.g. Manual, Selenium, Performance and or Security)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;disscussion&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-02T05:01:46.023" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24629" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-01T07:40:10.793" Score="5" ViewCount="1073" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know how to configure batch file to run my TestNG project on local from Jenkins. But how to configure batch file command on Jenkins to run it from Git ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18133" LastEditorUserId="18133" LastEditDate="2017-01-01T07:46:54.540" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T21:31:50.760" Title="How to run a TestNG project located on Github from Jenkins?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;git&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24628" CreationDate="2017-01-01T12:46:20.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is hard to point you in any direction here.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specialization will make you grow, giving lots of solving power in the direction you selected. But it will cause you to fit in only that one slot, limiting your career options as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you are doing now seems a good approach: Investigate the options near to your current skill set and decide based on solid information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest testing the waters in various directions, then go from there and indeed go for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However in general you become best &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;doing what you love to do&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Doing something for the salary and/or future perspective only will lead to dissatisfaction and ultimately a new search for different opportunities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have fun!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12429" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T12:46:20.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24628" CreationDate="2017-01-01T14:24:21.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Ethical hacking vs. security testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, let's take some &amp;quot;definitions&amp;quot; to start with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eccouncil.org/programs/certified-ethical-hacker-ceh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;EC Council&lt;/a&gt; (emphasis mine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Certified Ethical Hacker is a skilled professional who understands and knows how to &lt;strong&gt;look for weaknesses and vulnerabilities&lt;/strong&gt; in target systems and uses the &lt;strong&gt;same knowledge and tools as a malicious hacker&lt;/strong&gt;, but in a lawful and legitimate manner to assess the security posture of a target system(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/security_testing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tutorialspoint&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security testing is a testing technique to determine if an information system protects data and maintains functionality &lt;strong&gt;as intended&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the emphasis you can already spot a difference: ethical hacking is looking for weaknesses, whereas in Security Testing you're looking whether the defined security measures have been applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Ethical Hacking, you're using the information available from outside (black box), whereas in Security Testing you can also use information available inside your company (white box).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, Security Testing is broader because hacking can be a part of the test. You can e.g. also check the Backup procedure, which is important for the availability after a data loss, but hackers are usually not interested in that topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;One task vs. many tasks&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Memorization&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on how much information fits into your brain. Some people can remember lots of things, other can't. Some of my colleagues, manual testers in QA, are very good in what they do, but are easily overloaded with extra tasks, e.g. when it comes to programming / test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand side, I do manual testing, programming, debugging, test automation, I deal with virtualization, maintain Bugzilla, have set up our Wiki, experiment with Raspberry and I'm now attending online classes for Kali Linux and Metasploit. And I still have fun doing everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Expert vs. generalist&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you concentrate on one topic, it's likely that you become an expert in that topic. This is what some people like to be. If you want to become an expert, I recommend doing that for a technology rather than a tool. Tools become obsolete and a new version of a tool may require you to re-learn everything. Think of the change from Office 2000 to 2007. That hit many experts hard. It also means you can only do one job, so it'll be harder for you to leave the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you know many things, you become a generalist. You can combine things and see the associations between them. Just make sure you know enough about those many topics. Do not just spend one month to learn it, spend at least 8 months on a topic so that you have enough knowledge to find out whether someone tells you a lie or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Pluralsight course &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/learning-technology-information-age&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Learning technology in the information age&lt;/a&gt; by Dan Appleman was really helpful in deciding what I want to learn. If you don't have an account, you might use the trial period to watch it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T14:35:59.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24628" CreationDate="2017-01-01T15:00:25.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should aim for becoming a &lt;a href=&quot;http://irisclasson.com/2013/07/08/stupid-question-218-what-are-t-shaped-pi-shaped-and-comb-shaped-skills-and-which-one-should-i-aim-for/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pi-shaped&lt;/a&gt; tester. (In the long run.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://irisclasson.com/2013/07/08/stupid-question-218-what-are-t-shaped-pi-shaped-and-comb-shaped-skills-and-which-one-should-i-aim-for/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7RvpG.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I read you are in the process of becoming Comb-shaped. For most people this means lack of focus or you just become a generalist and not specialised in anything. Becarefull you do not become an I-shaped person (this is someone with only one skill)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specialise in things you &lt;strong&gt;enjoy&lt;/strong&gt;. First try to be come a t-shaped tester, pick one of the primary test skills like manual, automated, performance or security and learn it in and out. There are more skill area's, have a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/11/08/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile testing quadrants&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep broadening your software development and testing knowledge. Eventually (in some years) pick a second skills you want to master until you become a Pi. Do keep working on your general skills too, understand the basics of different testing parts in the full SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Learn to delegate&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;You cannot do everything by yourself in a software company. Hire someone for security audits if this is not your speciality. Teach and spread general testing efforts over the development team so you have more time to specialise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-01T15:06:40.787" LastActivityDate="2017-01-01T15:06:40.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22885" CreationDate="2017-01-02T06:05:23.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can automate MAP using SEETEST &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.experitest.com/display/public/SA/Pinch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pinch Command Refrence&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go through all the commands for reference - &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.experitest.com/display/public/SA/Object+Commands&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeeTest Commands&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T06:05:23.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24635" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-02T06:20:55.423" Score="1" ViewCount="527" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing static code analysis. And I using with sonarqube. Currently I am login as a administrator. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it possible to access mutliple users login?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to report the code anaysis to my team members. is it possible ? &#xA;Is there any rule we can give our rule like code commenting ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T15:00:55.320" Title="Mutliple users can access sonarqube" Tags="&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24425" CreationDate="2017-01-02T06:28:18.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You may, or may not, need the Selenium Server, depending on how you&#xA;  intend to use Selenium-WebDriver. If your browser and tests will all&#xA;  run on the same machine, and your tests only use the WebDriver API,&#xA;  then you do not need to run the Selenium-Server; WebDriver will run&#xA;  the browser directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are some reasons though to use the Selenium-Server with&#xA;  Selenium-WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You are using Selenium-Grid to distribute your tests over multiple&#xA;  machines or virtual machines (VMs). You want to connect to a remote&#xA;  machine that has a particular browser version that is not on your&#xA;  current machine. You are not using the Java bindings (i.e. Python, C#,&#xA;  or Ruby) and would like to use HtmlUnit Driver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:13:50.630" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:13:50.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24637" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24635" CreationDate="2017-01-02T06:42:44.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multiple user login in SonarCube:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it possible to access multiple users login?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Its not required as you just wanted to report code analysis to all team members&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;All team members needs to log-in with their emails and respective member can see improvements needed for their check-ins&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a Administrator, you will have access to see graphical representation of individual team-mates open and close items&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T06:42:44.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24635" CreationDate="2017-01-02T08:26:38.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My SonarQube web-based instance has a menu &quot;Administration&quot; when I am logged in as the Admin users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the Administration page there is dropdown &quot;Security&quot; which has the following items:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Groups&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Global Permissions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project Permissions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Permission Templates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can setup users and permissions, so yes you can use multiple user logins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/w2Bhh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/w2Bhh.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T08:26:38.793" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24640" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-02T08:59:47.693" Score="0" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im using Ranorex for automating a Android application. In the middle of a test case flow application loads a google map and plot some data, Ranorex is failing to access the google map.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So im thinking of Using Appium to access the google map and get things done on this part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible for Appium to connect with an application and invoke some actions in the middle of a user flow (without relaunching the application) ??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T09:18:09.460" Title="Access Android application via Appium in the middle of Ranorex test suit" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24640" CreationDate="2017-01-02T09:18:09.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you can, First you need to start Appium session with override flag + New command Timeout as much as possible. Execute the suite using Ranorex test suite, in the middle of the session, perform actions with the help of Appium and again pass on the control to Ranorex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Helpful keys in Appium for this are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Override flag &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Timeout flag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T09:18:09.460" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24642" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-02T09:49:54.820" Score="1" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;For security professionals there are practical applications for training (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/WebGoat/WebGoat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebGoat&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dvwa.co.uk/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DVWA&lt;/a&gt; ). Is there a similar application for QA web testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23193" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T09:49:54.820" Title="&quot;WebGoat&quot; or DVWA analogs for web QA specialists" Tags="&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-03T17:03:37.003" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10204" CreationDate="2017-01-02T10:02:29.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are professional audio/video quality analyzers from companies like Rohde &amp;amp; Schwartz (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rohde-schwarz.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.rohde-schwarz.com&lt;/a&gt;), which you can plug into a test automation pipeline. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They do cost a lot of $$$ though and require professional knowledge to operate, so in your case that would most probably be overkill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T10:02:29.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24644" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-02T10:11:03.760" Score="0" ViewCount="6901" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I am calling method from another class at that time, WebDriver opens multiple Firefox window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is main class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package selenium2Pack;&#xA;&#xA;import java.sql.Date;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import selenium2Pack.loginPOI;&#xA;&#xA;public class CounselorEducation {&#xA;&#xA;    static FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    loginPOI xpath;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void AddEducation() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;        loginPOI.CounselorLogin();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;        //Click on Education tab&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/nav/ul/li[2]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        //Click on AddNew button&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/div/div[1]/a/i&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is calling method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package selenium2Pack;&#xA;&#xA;import javax.swing.text.Document;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class loginPOI {&#xA;&#xA;    static FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    static String firstName = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/input&quot;;&#xA;    String Email,LastName,BrowseButton,Username,Password,ContactNo,Gender,DOB,Country,State,City,Street,Address,Marital_status,Logout,EducationTab;&#xA;    static String RegisterURl = &quot;http://192.163.222.186/~puzzlelife/development/#/register&quot;;&#xA;    static String LoginURL = &quot;http://192.163.222.186/~puzzlelife/development/#/login&quot;;&#xA;    public  void main() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;        String firstName = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/input&quot;;&#xA;        String LastName = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/input&quot;;&#xA;        String BrowseButton = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/input[1]&quot;;&#xA;        String Email = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/input&quot;;&#xA;        String Username = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[3]/div[1]/input&quot;;&#xA;        String Password = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[3]/div[2]/input&quot;;&#xA;        String ContactNo = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[3]/div[2]/input&quot;;&#xA;        String Gender = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[4]/div[2]/select&quot;;&#xA;        String DOB = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[5]/div[1]/div/span/span&quot;;&#xA;        String Country = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[5]/div[1]/div/span/span&quot;;&#xA;        String State = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[6]/div[1]/select&quot;;&#xA;        String City = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[6]/div[2]/select&quot;;&#xA;        String Street = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[7]/div[1]/input&quot;;&#xA;        String Address = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[7]/div[2]/textarea&quot;;&#xA;        String Marital_status = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/form/div[1]/div[8]/div/select&quot;;&#xA;        String Logout = &quot;html/body/div/header/div/div[3]/div/a[2]&quot;;&#xA;        String EducationTab = &quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/nav/ul/li[2]/a&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void CounselorLogin() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(LoginURL);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(15000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;arun&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;arun&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        WebElement submit =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/form/button&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        String  CurrentURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;        if(LoginURL.equals(CurrentURL))&#xA;            System.out.println( &quot;Un-Successful to login&quot;);&#xA;            else&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Successful to login&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void Logout() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;        //Click on Logout Button&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div/header/div/div[3]/div/a[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&#xA;        //Check text on page&#xA;        if(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Login&quot;))&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Successfully Logout&quot;);&#xA;    else&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Un-Successfully Logout&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void DOB(){&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23195" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:30:14.960" LastActivityDate="2020-11-20T11:38:43.377" Title="Webdriver opens multiple window, When Script is executing. How to resolve this?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24644" CreationDate="2017-01-02T13:08:52.913" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your are initializing the Firefox Browser in both the classes &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e &lt;code&gt;public class loginPOI&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;public class CounselorEducation&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence you are getting multiple browsers opened.&#xA;Initialize the driver only in one class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever you call a method of a class its Static Variable also get initialized.&#xA;So First the driver is getting initialized in &lt;code&gt;public class CounselorEducation&lt;/code&gt; in that class you are again calling the  &lt;code&gt;loginPOI.CounselorLogin();&lt;/code&gt; which again invokes it's own static driver. This is why you are getting multiple windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-02T13:08:52.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24616" CreationDate="2017-01-03T04:58:43.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should not be a problem as you have &quot;Save Response&quot; button:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sagaQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sagaQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;PostMan Save Response&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you mean &quot;Load Testing&quot;, you can consider other tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/load-testing/concept.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T04:58:43.807" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24652" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-03T05:32:13.790" Score="-2" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.http.client.protocol.RequestAddCookies).&#xA;log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.&#xA;log4j:WARN &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See for &lt;a href=&quot;http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;more info.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23195" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T06:13:01.560" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T07:19:03.597" Title="After adding excel jar, When execute script following warning occurs in console. How to resolve this issue?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-03T17:07:31.097" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24652" CreationDate="2017-01-03T07:19:03.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add the location of the standard &lt;code&gt;log4j.properties&lt;/code&gt; file to the Classpath in Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put &lt;code&gt;BasicConfigurator.configure();&lt;/code&gt; to main method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T07:19:03.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24655" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-03T08:25:21.320" Score="1" ViewCount="901" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am building an automation framework using selenium, cucumber and trying to run my cucumber test  cases in parallel. I am using the jvm.cucumber.parallel plugin for executing my test cases parallel. My POM file looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;project xmlns=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0&quot;&#xA;     xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&#xA;     xsi:schemaLocation=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;modelVersion&amp;gt;4.0.0&amp;lt;/modelVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.tests&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;Sample-Cucumber&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Sample-Cucumber&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;description&amp;gt;Sample Automation with Cucumber Implementation&amp;lt;/description&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;1.8&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;1.8&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;UTF-8&amp;lt;/project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;cucumber.version&amp;gt;1.2.3&amp;lt;/cucumber.version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;extentreports.version&amp;gt;2.41.0&amp;lt;/extentreports.version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;selenium.version&amp;gt;2.53.1&amp;lt;/selenium.version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;cucumber.jvm.parallel.version&amp;gt;1.2.1&amp;lt;/cucumber.jvm.parallel.version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.12&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.assertj&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;assertj-core&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.7.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${selenium.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.sitture&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-jvm-extentreport&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.0.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.directory.studio&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;org.apache.commons.codec&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.8&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-picocontainer&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.3&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.vimalselvam&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-extentsreport&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.1.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;profiles&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;profile&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;win&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;activation&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;os&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;family&amp;gt;windows&amp;lt;/family&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/os&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/activation&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;webdriver.chrome.path&amp;gt;${basedir}${file.separator}resources${file.separator}chromedriver.exe&amp;lt;/webdriver.chrome.path&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/profile&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;profile&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;linux&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;activation&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;os&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;family&amp;gt;!windows&amp;lt;/family&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/os&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/activation&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;webdriver.chrome.path&amp;gt;resources${file.separator}chromedriver&amp;lt;/webdriver.chrome.path&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/profile&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/profiles&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-compiler-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.github.temyers&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.jvm.parallel.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;generateRunners&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;phase&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/phase&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;generateRunners&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;glue&amp;gt;src/test/java/com/cucumber/stepdefinitions/&amp;lt;/glue&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;outputDirectory&amp;gt;${project.build.directory}/generated-test-sources/cucumber&amp;lt;/outputDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;featuresDirectory&amp;gt;src/test/resources/features/&amp;lt;/featuresDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;cucumberOutputDir&amp;gt;target/cucumber-parallel&amp;lt;/cucumberOutputDir&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;format&amp;gt;json,html&amp;lt;/format&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;strict&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/strict&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;monochrome&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/monochrome&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;tags&amp;gt;&quot;~@ignore&quot;&amp;lt;/tags&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;filterFeaturesByTags&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/filterFeaturesByTags&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.19&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;!-- Increase Fork Count to increase parallel execution count.&#xA;                Currently it is set to 5 which means 5 runners will run in parallel--&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;forkCount&amp;gt;5&amp;lt;/forkCount&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;reuseForks&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/reuseForks&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;includes&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;**/*IT.java&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/includes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My runner files looks like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.cucumber.runner.sample1;&#xA;&#xA;import com.sitture.ExtentFormatter;&#xA;import com.tools.Constants;&#xA;import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;&#xA;import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;&#xA;import org.junit.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.util.HashMap;&#xA;import java.util.Map;&#xA;&#xA;@RunWith(Cucumber.class)&#xA;@CucumberOptions(strict = true,features = {     &quot;classpath:features/Featureset1/&quot; },&#xA;    glue = { &quot;com.cucumber.stepdefinitions&quot; },&#xA;    plugin = { &quot;com.sitture.ExtentFormatter&quot;,&quot;pretty&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;html:target/cucumber-reports&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;json:target/cucumber.json&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;rerun:target/rerun.txt&quot; },&#xA;    tags={&quot;~@skip&quot;})&#xA;public class SampleRunner1IT {&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeClass&#xA;public static void setup() {&#xA;&#xA;    //ExtentFormatter.initiateExtentFormatter();&#xA;&#xA;    ExtentFormatter.initiateExtentFormatter(new File(Constants.RESOURCES_PATH+&quot;Reports.html&quot;),false);&#xA;    ExtentFormatter.loadConfig(new File(Constants.RESOURCES_PATH&#xA;            + &quot;extent-config.xml&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;     //ExtentFormatter.addSystemInfo(&quot;Browser&quot;, &quot;Chrome&quot;);&#xA;    ExtentFormatter.addSystemInfo(&quot;Selenium&quot;, &quot;v2.53.1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Map&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt; systemInfo = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;    systemInfo.put(&quot;Cucumber&quot;, &quot;v1.2.5&quot;);&#xA;    systemInfo.put(&quot;Extent Reports&quot;, &quot;v2.41.1&quot;);&#xA;    ExtentFormatter.addSystemInfo(systemInfo);&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have multiple similar runner files which use the same pattern except the path for feature files for &lt;em&gt;features&lt;/em&gt; under &lt;em&gt;@CucumberOptions&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that when I do &lt;em&gt;mvn clean install&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;mvn clean test&lt;/em&gt; it keeps overwriting the Reports.html file and also my rerun.txt file is overwritten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am relatively new to cucumber automation framework would like to run my cucumber test is parallel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:29:45.387" Title="Error writing reports and rerun file while running cucumber tests in parallel" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20495" CreationDate="2017-01-03T09:03:09.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to Jerry Penner's answer: Jira can be combined with a lot of Test Management Tools, such as Xray, synapseRT, Zephyr, TestRail, Kanoah and Qmetry. The features and prices differ between the alternatives, so there should be one to your liking. Of course, these tools are best used when you are already using Jira. If you use another Issue Tracking Tool, you could search for Test Management Tools that can be incorporated into yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that using a Test Management Tool right into your Issue Tracking Tool gives many useful advantages. You can link tests to issues, features or epics so that you have a broad overview of which tests need to be executed before next release in order to cover each changed and added feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22660" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T09:03:09.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24655" CreationDate="2017-01-03T09:50:13.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can define separate HTML report generation folder for each feature file but I would suggest try to use CI and cucumber report plugin which will ease your job, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/damianszczepanik/cucumber-reporting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;cucumber-reporting&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22213" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:29:45.387" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:29:45.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11717" CreationDate="2017-01-03T09:58:57.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest minimize usage of your's Selenium IDE instead of try to write your own code , i would help you in that process. please provide me your HTML code for popup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22213" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T09:58:57.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5767" CreationDate="2017-01-03T12:14:31.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You haven't described much in terms of &quot;integration&quot; but from your message I can understand that what you are looking for a way to open new defects in your QC/ALM defects module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be achieve in multiple ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://alm-help.saas.hpe.com/en/12.53/api_refs/ota/webframe.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Test Architecture API&lt;/a&gt; - Open Test Architecture API is a COM library that enables you to integrate external applications with ALM/QC.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://alm-help.saas.hpe.com/en/12.20/api_refs/REST_TECH_PREVIEW/ALM_REST_API_TP.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;REST API&lt;/a&gt; - You can even create a client application or module based on the API to create, read, update, and delete entities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interact directly with the MS SQL database - This method is less safer and might be problematic, so I wouldn't recommend it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure that there are other ways to do it but this is all I can think of right now...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23100" LastEditorUserId="23100" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T17:01:16.417" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T17:01:16.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24428" CreationDate="2017-01-03T12:36:32.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's possible to take a screenshot using Selenium WebDriver. Try this java sample.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.example.com/&quot;);&#xA;File srcFile = (File) (((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE));)&#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;c:\\tmp\\picture.png&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T12:36:32.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24662" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24665" CreationDate="2017-01-03T12:41:47.167" Score="2" ViewCount="736" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm getting an Exception as below ,when i run the selenium code by using a loop. It executes some steps and then display the message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: *[name='user']&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package login;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class login {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;        // Web Driver configuration&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Software\\geckodriver-v0.11.1-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver  ();&#xA;        String baseURL = &quot;http://10.10.80.11/&quot;;&#xA;        driver.get(baseURL);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // Login_logout Process     &#xA;        for (int i=1;i&amp;lt;=100;i++){&#xA;            WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;user&quot;));                            &#xA;&#xA;            // Enter user id&#xA;            element.sendKeys(&quot;abc&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            WebElement element1 = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)); &#xA;&#xA;            // Enter user id&#xA;            element1.sendKeys(&quot;abc&quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button-1013-btnEl&quot;)).click(); //Submit button&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button-1021-btnEl&quot;)).click(); &#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;            String expectedURL = &quot;http://10.10.80.11/&quot;;&#xA;            String actualURL;&#xA;            actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;            //compare the actual URL of the page with the expected one and print&#xA;            if (actualURL.contentEquals(expectedURL)){&#xA;                System.out.println(+i);&#xA;            } &#xA;            else {   &#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Test Fail!&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }     &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:28:53.323" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:29:16.177" Title="org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException when I run the selenium code by using a loop" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24662" CreationDate="2017-01-03T12:48:55.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per your code, you have already logged in that's why in second loop you can't find the &lt;code&gt;By.name(&quot;user&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; element. Before ending the loop logout from the application and just after starting the loop re-load the base url using code  &lt;code&gt;driver.get(baseURL);&lt;/code&gt;, so that you can come to the original page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T01:29:16.177" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T01:29:16.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24662" CreationDate="2017-01-03T12:53:06.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.Assert; // Importing Assert class from TestNG library&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginPage&#xA;{&#xA;static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;String  expectedurl = &quot;http://example.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeClass&#xA;public static void setup() throws TestNGException, IOException, WriteException&#xA;{&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void data()&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://abc.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;    username.clear();&#xA;    username.sendKeys(&quot;abc&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement pass = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;    pass.clear();&#xA;    pass.sendKeys(&quot;pqr&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;    submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;    String actual = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;     Assert.assertEquals(actual,expectedurl);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please Use Method for the different condition&#xA;.do not use loop for that and use annotation for the selenium  please read this link about annotation  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_basic_annotations.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_basic_annotations.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-01-03T16:58:34.940" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T16:58:34.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24662" CreationDate="2017-01-03T13:14:36.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Always use the explicit wait to let the webelement get loaded before performing any execution on it. A very common method used for the wait is as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/* Initialize the WebDriverWait, with 30 seconds of wait time. */&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name(&quot;user&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add this code before the line where you are getting the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T13:14:36.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-03T19:18:03.587" Score="5" ViewCount="5394" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a &lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt; test to validate that an excel file is correctly downloaded in the &lt;code&gt;Downloads&lt;/code&gt; folder and then I am able to upload the same. Since I will be running the test multiple times, I need a way to clear my &lt;code&gt;Downloads&lt;/code&gt; directory before I run the Protractor tests. That way any duplicate files from the previous runs are cleared. How can I do that? This is how my test to upload an excel file looks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var fileToUpload = 'Test.xlsm';&#xA;&#xA;it('Test Case: to Validate the Excel Upload', function() {&#xA;&#xA;    var absolutePath = path.resolve('C:/Users/.../Downloads', fileToUpload);&#xA;&#xA;    $('input[type=&quot;file&quot;]').sendKeys(absolutePath); &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23213" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T06:07:52.613" LastActivityDate="2018-12-27T04:29:07.873" Title="How to clear a directory before running Protractor tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24428" CreationDate="2017-01-03T20:35:53.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've run my browser tests in VirtualBox which allows for recording the session. It might be overkill for what you need for screenshots but I found it very useful for for visual inspection and debugging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23187" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T20:35:53.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24428" CreationDate="2017-01-03T23:34:20.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past, I've used WinTask for this.&#xA;see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wintask.com/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wintask.com/index.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-01-03T23:34:20.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23960" CreationDate="2017-01-04T00:13:36.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should use the correct device name - &quot;emulator-5554&quot; is probably not your correct device name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To fix this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run: &lt;code&gt;adb devices&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should show: &lt;code&gt;emulator-5554   device&lt;/code&gt;  ( device means it is online)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To get device name use: &lt;code&gt;adb -s emulator-5554 shell getprop ro.product.name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will give you a device name use it in set capability i.e.  &lt;code&gt;cap.SetCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;VS Emulator 5.5-inch Marshmallow (6.0.0) XXXHDPI Phone&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23216" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-06-19T11:21:06.623" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T11:21:06.623" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24662" CreationDate="2017-01-04T04:17:32.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm getting an Exception as below ,when i run the selenium code by&#xA;  using a loop&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agree with Keshav, &lt;strong&gt;You missed to &quot;logout&quot; before next login attempt&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add or implement logout step to be back on login screen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have few suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Avoid use of looping :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You must be aware of the execution in automation is little depend of previous line of code&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If any line not executed or failed to execute we have limitations to handle that [We can do it for some extend but not for all line 100%]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It would be disadvantageous to use loop as if any thing get failed you will get false alarm&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Use more &amp;amp; more functions :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In your code you have written all your statements in one class&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To make things re-usable and minimized failures you can think of using small functions for actions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Example: One function will accept username &amp;amp; password which will actual enter credentials and tap on login button. Second function for logout etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Instead of loop, You can inject test data from xls and simple increase number of iterations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This will be most efficient way to implement without using loops&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T04:17:32.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24678" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-04T09:12:13.033" Score="1" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;For automation of banking projects, please suggest what type of selenium framework(Hybrid, keyword driven or DDT) is ideal for opening a bank account scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23225" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T02:05:30.793" Title="What type of framework to use" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-01-04T13:01:13.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24678" CreationDate="2017-01-04T09:45:10.497" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's often hard to tell what framework you need for your tests until you  start writing tests. Once you have your tests you may find what are the limitations of your implementation. Perhaps you don't need any specialized framework at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, I suggest you to work on this iteratively: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a number of tests for opening a bank account. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any pattern among the tests? For instance, if you see that most of your tests are having same parameters (e.g., street and country fields) they may be a good candidate for parametrized tests: one test method launched for a set of different values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactor your tests into parameterized tests. You may not need any new framework for that. For instance, most XUnit testing libraries support parametrized tests out of the box. For instance, in Java TestNG or JUnit5.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Come back to point 2 if you see more patterns and refactor your tests iteratively.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T02:05:30.793" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T02:05:30.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3169" CreationDate="2017-01-04T10:24:22.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using above code I used following code which show if we press &quot;Alt+S&quot; buttons together then internet explorer browser save the downloaded file But one important thing is that we can't use click button method here because the curser may stuck on that button so its very important to remember we have to use send keys method here for clicking button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement link = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;myxpath&quot;));&#xA;clickAndSaveFileIE(link);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public static void clickAndSaveFileIE(WebElement element) throws InterruptedException{&#xA;    try {&#xA;            Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;        //get the focus on the element..don't use click since it stalls the driver          &#xA;       element.sendKeys(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;       //simulate pressing enter            &#xA;      robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;     robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;     //wait for the modal dialog to open            &#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;   //press s key to save            &#xA;   robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ALT);&#xA;   robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ALT);&#xA;   Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;  //press enter to save the file with default name and in default location&#xA;    robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_S);&#xA;    robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_S);&#xA; } catch (AWTException e) {&#xA;&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23228" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T10:39:07.020" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T10:39:07.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24687" CreationDate="2017-01-04T10:30:17.347" Score="0" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am checking PHP code. I have found lot of bugs in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Replace or with '||'.  &#xA;Add a 'favicon' declaration in this 'header' tag&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any options to configure or customize what level we can do how we could skip bugs like OR? How to close the resolved bugs? How to perform the user can see the assigned bug only?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:24:38.733" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:24:38.733" Title="Sonarube custom configuration" Tags="&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T08:52:03.953" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24682" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-04T11:58:19.860" Score="2" ViewCount="20027" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried multiple actions but it is not working. &#xA;It always &lt;strong&gt;close the first tab&lt;/strong&gt; and then it open link in the same page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Driver is launched&#xA;package WebBrowserCommands;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;&#xA;public class OpenBrowser &#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/Users/ss108/Desktop/Util/SELENIUM SUPPORT/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        // Driver is launched&#xA;&#xA;        //We have two ways&#xA;        boolean Indriectway = true;&#xA;        //Boolean to understand both method&#xA;&#xA;        if(!Indriectway){&#xA;            //Using String to take value.&#xA;            String URL = &quot;https://www.google.com&quot;;&#xA;            driver.get(URL);&#xA;&#xA;            String PageSourceFirst = driver.getPageSource();&#xA;            //We have took title in PageSourceFirst&#xA;            System.out.println(PageSourceFirst);&#xA;&#xA;            //Get Title Command&#xA;            String TitleFrist = driver.getTitle();&#xA;            //We have took title in TitleFirst&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Tile of WebSite is &quot; + TitleFrist);&#xA;&#xA;            //Get Current URL&#xA;            String CurrentURLFirst = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Current URL is &quot; + CurrentURLFirst);&#xA;&#xA;            Actions act=new Actions(driver);&#xA;            act.contextClick(driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Gmail&quot;))).perform();&#xA;            Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;            act.contextClick(driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Gmail&quot;))).sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN).sendKeys(Keys.RETURN).build().perform();       &#xA;            // Try to open page using right click and action arrow down **but it is not working**&#xA;&#xA;            driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;        }else {&#xA;            //Using directly&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;https://www.facebook.com&quot;);&#xA;            String PageSourceSecond = driver.getPageSource();&#xA;            System.out.println(PageSourceSecond);&#xA;&#xA;            //Get Title Command&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Tile of WebSite is &quot; + driver.getTitle());&#xA;            //Get Current URL&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Current URL is &quot; + driver.getCurrentUrl());&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second method &#xA;1- Same result getting &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/Users/ss108/Desktop/Util/SELENIUM SUPPORT/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.facebook.com&quot;)&#xA;    Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;    robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_META);&#xA;    robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_T);&#xA;    robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_T);&#xA;    robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_META);  &#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String selectLinkOpeninNewTab = Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL,Keys.RETURN); &#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;urlLink&quot;)).sendKeys(selectLinkOpeninNewTab);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;however none of them work for what I am trying.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16538" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T13:29:28.567" LastActivityDate="2019-04-08T12:31:33.953" Title="How to open new tab in browser in selenium 3.0?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24682" CreationDate="2017-01-04T12:15:05.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each time main is run a new driver is created. The if-then-else is then used, but it is with a new driver each time.  after each use &lt;code&gt;driver.close();&lt;/code&gt; closes the tab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try creating a program structure that creates the driver once and then has methods that reuse that driver without closing it between tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/1993/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/1993/8992&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T12:15:05.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24685" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24686" CreationDate="2017-01-04T12:54:08.047" Score="4" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm automating(using record) a functional scenario using TestComplete. The NameMapping future is automatically adding elements to repository and when I run the script in other browser the tool is unable to find few elements. When I searched for root cause i found that NameMapping future is giving different names for parent objects of particular element and for some elements the hierarchy is getting changed from browser to browser. How this could be possible? How can we avoid this to do cross-browser testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in the demo site &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://secure.smartbearsoftware.com/samples/TestComplete11/WebOrders/Login.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://secure.smartbearsoftware.com/samples/TestComplete11/WebOrders/Login.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&#xA;the tool gave following aliases for a same object: ZIP field in &quot;Edit Orders&quot; page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IE 11:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aliases.browser.pageWebOrders.formAspnetform.tableFmworder.cell.textboxTextbox5&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Aliases.browser.pageSecureSmartbearsoftwareComSa2.formAspnetform.textboxTextbox5&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16007" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T14:09:52.833" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T14:16:00.247" Title="Hierarchy and names of objects in mapped name of a same object are varying from browser to browser in TestComplete" Tags="&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24685" CreationDate="2017-01-04T14:16:00.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using record-replay automated testing tool has its ups and downs, and the problem you are having is one of those downs you will have to deal with all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is only one way to completely avoid this problem, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Xpath, Css selector to address an element instead of using record-replay function provided by test complete. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the purpose of using test complete (or any other record-replay tool) if we need to write scripts? As the purpose of using a record-replay tool is to avoid scripting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scripting is not conflicting with using a record-replay tool, every now and then, we need to write scripts to accomplish record-replay tools can not do, for example, &lt;strong&gt;select a random element from a list.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And very commonly we need to use scripts to avoid the problem you are having. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test complete supports python and javascript scripting, it may take some effort to learn them but effort will be well spent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T14:16:00.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24681" CreationDate="2017-01-04T16:25:32.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Read the docs. You configure profiles with different rules. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.sonarqube.org/plugins/servlet/mobile#content/view/6966332&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://docs.sonarqube.org/plugins/servlet/mobile#content/view/6966332&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T16:25:32.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24689" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-04T18:09:20.207" Score="2" ViewCount="410" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a test in C#  which launches Firefox browser,navigates to application URL which loads a authentication screen.Enter user credentials and hit submit.&#xA;Firefox is unable to navigate to application homepage after authentication is done.After clicking on sign-on the window remains blank and the test eventually times out. &#xA;The application runs fine in Chrome and IE.Please note that I am running this test on selenium grid.&#xA;Firefox version:47.0.1&#xA;Selenium webdriver:2.53.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help to resolve this issue is greatly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23138" LastActivityDate="2019-08-29T08:01:50.270" Title="Selenium WebDriver/Grid:Page is not loading after authentication in Firefox browser" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22863" CreationDate="2017-01-04T18:29:06.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;but while these elements are already being displayed, the loading screen is still fading out, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a good example where using visual web testing (via screenshots) make things easier. You can combine Selenium with &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu&lt;/a&gt;, and then wait for the &lt;em&gt;image&lt;/em&gt; of the button/text to change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T18:29:06.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22954" CreationDate="2017-01-04T18:35:49.080" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your screenshots show the &lt;em&gt;web browser&lt;/em&gt; right-click menu, not a &lt;em&gt;website&lt;/em&gt;-generated right-click menu. This menu can not be automated via webdriver. You would need a desktop automation solution like Sikuli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of a right-click menu that will work with webdriver: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/right-click-context-menu-webdriver-example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/right-click-context-menu-webdriver-example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="22970" LastEditDate="2017-01-04T19:34:25.437" LastActivityDate="2017-01-04T19:34:25.437" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24692" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-04T23:02:00.937" Score="2" ViewCount="5110" Body="&lt;p&gt;The dropdown list is triggered by an input field. Once the dropdown list is shown, I wanted to select the item based on the index. When I am using &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt;, (&lt;code&gt;@FindBy&lt;/code&gt;) to identify the &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;, there is always the &lt;code&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/code&gt; error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, is there a (not complicated) way for me to use Select in PageFactory?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23242" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:54:16.377" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T06:54:33.437" Title="How to select from the dropdown list in PageFactory" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24693" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T03:22:22.777" Score="1" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am able to create selenium tests to test a web app or website without having access to the developers' code. Is this the correct way to do selenium testing?&#xA;Do you have to get access to the developer's code in order to create selenium tests? If so, how does that work and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T09:35:04.690" Title="Do you have to get access to the developer's code in order to work on creating selenium tests?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17460" CreationDate="2017-01-05T04:26:58.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;strong&gt;ExtentReport&lt;/strong&gt; for the test result generation, where i can see how much test case is passed/failed and how many scenario's tested along with the information of the person running the automation script. &lt;strong&gt;Extent Report&lt;/strong&gt; is an opensource test report which you can download from &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://extentreports.relevantcodes.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://extentreports.relevantcodes.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, It supports both java as well as .net.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extent Report is very easy to use and it have good looking UI Dashboards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9t5sD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9t5sD.png&quot; alt=&quot;[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/cWmYb.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23230" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T04:26:58.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24693" CreationDate="2017-01-05T04:43:11.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. You do not need to access developers' codes in order to work on selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All you need is to access HTML codes to create selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T04:43:11.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24693" CreationDate="2017-01-05T04:44:22.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That is not required. As selenium can interact with web application from browser without needing any code or development team's permissions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in short, You don't need code access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, you may need access of database, for example- email verification, if you need to pick some id from database to access a page etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="15909" LastEditDate="2017-01-08T09:35:04.690" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T09:35:04.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24697" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T05:37:50.320" Score="-1" ViewCount="1257" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some doubts related on sonarqube. Anyone please help me.. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all I want to know about snoarqube working flow. and I think the important part is quality profile, quality gates and issues management. &#xA;I know about this we can create rule or deactivate rule by using quality profiles. please tell me some extra features that I want to learn..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How to close the bug, how to limit the view for users&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If u assign some bugs to particular user, only the user can able to&#xA;  see his/her bugs only.. then if the user fixes that bug, how you close&#xA;  that bug etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;if I set it as fixed, then u check if its fixed then change the status&#xA;  as closed ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if the bug is fixed so how to close the bug or remove the bug ? &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;but how ? I only changed the status to Fixed.. but the QA need to verify and close it   &#xA;&#xA;when I change the status to Fixed the count in open bug reduced.. but it still not closed by QA   &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Logging bug in sonarQube –  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T09:42:16.157" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:42:16.157" Title="How to close the bug on sonarqube?" Tags="&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2017-01-05T06:20:17.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is one more site which includes HTML modules as well as Angular JS modules. There you can practice Selenium with different modules and can cover every aspect of automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.globalsqa.com/demo-site/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.globalsqa.com/demo-site/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.globalsqa.com/angularjs-protractor-practice-site/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.globalsqa.com/angularjs-protractor-practice-site/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23245" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T06:20:17.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24697" CreationDate="2017-01-05T06:34:22.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure how it is setup on your organization so i am just phrasing what we do in our organization:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sonarqube is integrated with jenkin and scheduled it to run once a day, i.e. in the morning and after it's execution a report is generated which is emailed to the team members we want to know about the bugs, generally it consists of critical, major and minor bugs. Developers again work on those bugs starting from critical ones and fixes them and check in the code to svn. on the very next day we check the sonarqube reports again, and work on the latest reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T06:34:22.743" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24700" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T06:59:26.980" Score="3" ViewCount="590" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please give some ideas or free tools by using i can automate testing a windows GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tasks :  after opening the GUI , login credentials ,going to different windows inside the GUI,giving inputs ,entering something from drop downs and clicks etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any free tools are not there , can i use some scripting language to automate e.g python ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23246" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:29:28.063" Title="Want to automate a Windows GUI for testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T12:38:51.897" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24700" CreationDate="2017-01-05T08:14:02.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are quite a few tools available for automating Windows GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the more know once are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unified Functional Testing(UFT) by HP but this one is a paid one.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;AutoIT which is a free.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T08:14:02.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24700" CreationDate="2017-01-05T08:18:33.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use PyWinAuto in Python: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pywinauto.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://pywinauto.github.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T08:18:33.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24704" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T09:24:16.770" Score="5" ViewCount="1937" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've tests where I've to check whether current time and current date/time is correctly returned by my APIs through automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose, &lt;code&gt;getCurrentTime()&lt;/code&gt; returns current time in format &lt;code&gt;HH:MM:SS (A/P)M&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;getCurrentDateTime()&lt;/code&gt; returns current date/time in format &lt;code&gt;DD/MM?YYYY HH:MM:SS (A/P)M&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In automation, I'm storing current time like -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;actualCurrentTime=getCurrentTime()&lt;/code&gt; suppose this returns &lt;code&gt;03:25:35 AM&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and after above call, I make java API call to get expectedCurrentTime and it'll return with differences of one or two seconds like &lt;code&gt;03:25:37 AM&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if I add assertion &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(actualCurrentTime, expectedCurrentTime);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will fail because time is differing with few seconds. This is also true for current date/time because it contains time part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused how to automate this or what approach should be used to automate this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5218" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T09:38:13.793" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T11:13:16.847" Title="How to test current time, date/time through automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24692" CreationDate="2017-01-05T09:28:19.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to handle items inside a dropdown , Your drop down object should be looks like this.&#xA;It should be a &lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; type&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;&amp;lt;XXXX&amp;gt;&quot;)]&#xA; public IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; DropDown { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that using a for each loop go thru each and every item at the DropDown list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:28:19.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24700" CreationDate="2017-01-05T09:29:28.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If screenshot-driven app testing is an option for you, there is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikuli&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is a visual scripting language for performing automated software testing of Graphical User Interfaces using Screenshot images of the software to be tested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:29:28.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24704" CreationDate="2017-01-05T09:56:10.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem statement is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You want to compare &lt;code&gt;actual time&lt;/code&gt; against &lt;code&gt;expected time&lt;/code&gt;, but there is a time difference between &lt;code&gt;getCurrentTime()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;getExpectedCurrentTime()&lt;/code&gt;, therefore, your results never match.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without looking at your source code, I think there is something else going on, as for Java, 2 seconds is a long time. Can you measure how much time does it take for your API call, e.g. &lt;code&gt;getExpectedCurrentTime()&lt;/code&gt; to be executed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal recommendation is, based on how critical your application is, and if you are confident that this time delay is almost a constant, you can add a two-second tolerance to your code, e.g. &lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(actualCurrentTime + 2 seconds, expectedCurrentTime);&lt;/code&gt; Of course, this line of code is pseudo, please do not copy and paste. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T09:56:10.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24708" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T09:56:14.587" Score="1" ViewCount="1750" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to you Google PageSpeed to test staging sites?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently it is not possible to test staging sites with the Google Tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21481" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T12:07:32.203" Title="How to test page speed of staging sites?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24708" CreationDate="2017-01-05T10:07:12.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Staging sites work fine if they are accessible from the outside. So the solution is to open the firewall just for the Google PageSpeed tool (its IP address)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T10:07:12.340" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24710" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T10:21:03.437" Score="2" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using ALM to create test cases to cover different customer creation workflows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The challenge is that when you look up a customer, there are at least 20 ways to do so (through name search, CVR, birth date, etc.). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: I would like to minimize the number of test cases I need to create in ALM, while still covering all the options to look up a customer. Is there a way to do so?&#xA;Can I create one test case, and test multiple lookup options within the same case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23249" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T07:43:15.347" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T12:53:37.600" Title="Managing number of test cases in ALM" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24715" CreationDate="2017-01-05T10:26:08.423" Score="0" ViewCount="2492" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can not get the button to be clicked, however it is working rarely I tried waits such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(ViewBtn)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is not even waiting, it goes immediately to the next line of code which means that the button is clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried to click it using Javascript but it is not working also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, ViewBtn); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever I try to use to click the button, it does not work and it does not cause any exceptions to be thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This button exists in a table, in every row, and I am clicking a td that contains anchor text inside, originally it is clickable but when I filter the table using a search condition the button stops working, (clicking manually still works)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastEditorUserId="23028" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T10:55:34.957" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T11:22:55.763" Title="Selenium Button Click is not Working" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24708" CreationDate="2017-01-05T10:37:37.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check speed of page through this link:&lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T10:37:37.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24714" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T10:47:15.110" Score="2" ViewCount="1603" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// gives count of downloads in download folder.&#xA;this.getCountOfDownloads = function (fileName,elementToClick) {&#xA;&#xA;    //provides a way to look for filenames matching a certain pattern (in the worst case, you can wait for the *.* - basically, any file to appear)&#xA;    var glob = require(&quot;glob&quot;);&#xA;    var filesArray = glob.sync(&quot;./src/test/javascript/e2e/downloads/&quot;+&quot;*.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    console.log(&quot;sizee&quot;,filesArray.length);&#xA;&#xA;    browser.driver.wait(function () {&#xA;        elementToClick.click();//to download&#xA;&#xA;        if (typeof filesArray !== 'undefined' &amp;amp;&amp;amp; filesArray.length &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;            // this check is necessary because `glob.sync` can return&#xA;            // an empty list, which will be considered as a valid output&#xA;            // making the wait to end.&#xA;&#xA;            return filesArray;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }, 4444).then(function (filesArray) {&#xA;        console.log(&quot;sizee&quot;,filesArray[0]);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // now we have the filename and can do whatever we want&#xA;    });&#xA;    browser.sleep(5555); console.log(&quot;sizee&quot;,filesArray.length);&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;elemtclick&lt;/code&gt; downloads file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see in &lt;code&gt;intelj&lt;/code&gt; when I click &lt;code&gt;sync&lt;/code&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first it is empty. Then I run this and it shows size as 0 at both console output. Then in next run, it becomes 1 because the file downloaded before. &lt;code&gt;filesarray&amp;gt; 0&lt;/code&gt; is not becoming true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put &lt;code&gt;browser.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; after &lt;code&gt;element.click()&lt;/code&gt; but it still does not wait for file or does not sync with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to do is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I get the counts of downloading before the operation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I get the counts after downloaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I expect &lt;code&gt;count = currentcount - 1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it cannot see the file, why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I have to refresh the session but maybe there is an another way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22641" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T04:15:09.757" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T04:15:09.757" Title="Protractor can't see the file just downloaded into the folder" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24711" CreationDate="2017-01-05T10:56:46.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I fixed it by dealing with the anchor text not the td, it is strange that clicking the td works before filtering results and stops working after that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T10:56:46.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24704" CreationDate="2017-01-05T11:07:11.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess what your API-under-test does under the hood is basically use the  standard date and clock methods of whatever language the API is written in to read the system clock and pass on whatever it gets from there to the API caller. So essentially the approach you described is testing the system clock, which is probably not what you want to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were testing your getCurrentTime(), I would probably just make sure that if the API is called twice, the second call returns a greater value than the previous one (which would show that the time is actually being measured and that it's not going backwards).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastEditorUserId="22983" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T11:13:16.847" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T11:13:16.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24717" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T12:16:17.017" Score="1" ViewCount="120" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new in selenium.i am trying for the database testing in selenium webdriver using eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i have install mysql 6.3 server and configure ojdbc14.jar and mysql-connector-java-5.1.25.jar in eclipse&#xA;please help me for how to perform databse testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T00:50:43.830" Title="How to perform databse testing in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-05T16:24:46.770" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24717" CreationDate="2017-01-05T12:23:00.980" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is used for automating user-browser interaction with the HTML and Javascript on websites.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It does not have any functionality to test databases other than indirectly through web applications and HTML pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Per &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Selenium automates browsers. That's it! What you do with that power is entirely up to you. Primarily, it is for automating web applications for testing purposes, but is certainly not limited to just that. Boring web-based administration tasks can (and should!) also be automated as well.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One option to test database information is to use a programming framework for Selenium that allows access to application database information, usually through an implementation of ORM (Object-relational mapping).  One example is ruby-on-rails with RSpec which could allow you to both check the web page view using the Capybara DSL and also check database information via Active Record.  Be aware however that there are asynchronus and timing issues here.  Recently we stopped doing the database check due to these issues which were causing the dreaded intermittent test failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Update - baed on your links the old selenium 1.0 'RC' version had a way but this is now being phased out and is un-supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-06T00:50:43.830" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T00:50:43.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24719" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-01-05T12:27:34.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Representational state transfer (REST) or RESTful Web services are one way of providing interoperability between computer systems on the Internet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;REST-compliant Web services allow requesting systems to access and manipulate textual representations of Web resources using a uniform and predefined set of stateless operations.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Other forms of Web service exist, which expose their own arbitrary sets of operations such as WSDL and SOAP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rest-api Wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://searchsoa.techtarget.com/definition/REST&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rest-Api&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T14:42:44.593" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T14:42:44.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24720" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-01-05T12:27:34.713" Score="0" Body="When Web services use REST architecture, they are called RESTful APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) or REST APIs." OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T13:50:49.930" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T13:50:49.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24717" CreationDate="2017-01-05T12:39:30.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you really want to test the database, and assuming you're using MySQL, then the most convenient way to do it is to use their testing framework: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysqltest/2.0/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysqltest/2.0/en/&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Skip Selenium, Eclipse, etc., they're not the tools for this job, as Michael already pointed out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22983" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T12:39:30.317" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24722" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T13:27:53.410" Score="2" ViewCount="12404" Body="&lt;p&gt;The flat file has millions of records and the source query is joining at least 10 tables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Testing I have done is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Structure validation of the file. Like name &amp;amp; number of fields, delimiter, naming convention, Header or Trailer records.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for duplicate records.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select one row from the target file and for that record alone, run the source query and then compare the Source output and the target record in the flat file manually comparing each field one at a time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for data truncation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The concerns I have is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can't employ minus approach between source and target because target is in flat file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I tried loading data into excel and compare but excel has record limitation and hence not all data can be loaded.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the where clause of the source query outer join is used. How to ensure that data is loaded accordingly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a way to automate this testing process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Though I have written test cases dedicating one test case for fields sourced from one table. Is there any better approach. Pls provide some samples.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a bunch for reading this through and waiting for the suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22247" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T13:52:26.393" LastActivityDate="2018-04-02T13:09:52.860" Title="I have an ETL scenario where my source is Database and Target is flat file. How best can I test it to make bug free?" Tags="&lt;etl&gt;&lt;data-warehouse-testing&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24723" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T13:39:10.843" Score="1" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently i am using C#/Selenium to develop the automated testing framework. To run the tests i developed test fixtures which still use C#/Selenium but are ran with NUnit and are separated from the framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To prevent validation failure, data duplication, and other pain points we have a test script that is ran during the setup that wipes the local instance database to a clean slate each time a new test is run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently use class level form objects to represent data which are passed into the frame work method calls. The issue that arises is duplicate data or duplicate path traversal through the system can happen. To combat this we encapsulate code but this can become unmanageable as even the slightest change in the path traversal of the test(Change in steps) will be different than the encapsulated method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To finalize the question, what methods are used for data control when developing automated test frameworks with Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10717" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T16:21:11.197" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T16:21:11.197" Title="How should Data be handled when developing automated testing frameworks?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2021-04-27T11:44:21.923" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2635" CreationDate="2017-01-05T15:17:37.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an interviewer when I review a CV I am looking for 2 things, technical ability but more importantly a sense that this person will fit in with the team. Simply giving me a list of bugs you have found on my system in your CV or cover note is unlikely to change my decision on whether or not I bring you in for an interview. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you are brought in for an interview, telling me you have identified bugs in my system tells You actually took the time to look at the company and product and took note of improvements or issues you found. It gives a smooth transition into talking about the company and why you want to join us how you think we would fit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also opens up a line of conversation about testing without relying on me asking a load of questions. It allows me to expand then on what you have found and move that into more general questions about testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However none of this would stop me asking my go to testing interview question. How would you test a lift (Elevator) :) There are many right answers to this, the one thing I never want to hear is, get in it and press the button :). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23253" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T15:17:37.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2635" CreationDate="2017-01-05T16:08:02.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I did this. I spent a week with my current employers products and produced a report of my findings. I did some digging around to find contact info and sent it to the Director of QA. I had no experience in the field but the effort landed me a job. I've been here almost two years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally can't think of a better way to apply for a QA position than to have already successfully done the job. Obviously you'll need more than just this, but it certainly got my foot in the door.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23254" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T16:08:02.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24726" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-05T16:25:50.267" Score="7" ViewCount="2712" Body="&lt;p&gt;How is regression testing tracked as part of a Sprint? Is it a user story or a task? We always do regression testing as part of a sprint; however, there is question on whether we track as a task attached to one story in JIRA. Or is this a separate user story in each sprint?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23256" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T17:48:29.787" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T00:56:35.887" Title="How is regression testing tracked as part of a Sprint? Is it a user story or a task?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24726" CreationDate="2017-01-05T17:23:00.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my personal opinion, regression testing is a task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A user story, by definition, is a description of a software feature from &lt;strong&gt;an end-user perspective.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression testing has nothing to do with end-user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said this, one may argument, from tester point of view, an end-user is a developer or another tester, so it potentially is a user story as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of what it is, the most important aspect is to have everyone within your Agile team to reach an universal agreement whether regression testing is a task or user story and stick with your final decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T17:23:00.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24726" CreationDate="2017-01-05T17:39:47.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each user-story should be deliverable by itself independently, because this way you can deliver customer value even if you didn't fully finish the Sprint. Atleast this should be the goal, a lot of teams use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INVEST_(mnemonic)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;INVEST&lt;/a&gt; to safeguard this goal. This should mean any testing is part of user-story, maybe as a sub-tasks, but it should be finished before the story is finished. It should be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/done_done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DoneDone&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means if you have 5 stories you will do 5 times your regression test in a Sprint. Hence why most Agile teams focus on automating all the regression testing. Now if you would have the regression testing at the end of your Sprint as a single task/story you might not be able to deliver anything or worse take shortcuts on your testing and deliver lower quality in the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On Scrumboards (E.g. JIRA) you could also add an extra column named &quot;Testing&quot; and when ever a story end-up here you do the regression testing. Do make sure it has a low &lt;a href=&quot;http://kanbantool.com/kanban-wip-limits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WIP-limit&lt;/a&gt;. Still I prefer parallel testing and not postponing it till the end of the story and certainly not the Sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/de/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://less.works/de/less/technical-excellence/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/agile-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://agiletester.ca/agile-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-05T17:50:34.523" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T17:50:34.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24710" CreationDate="2017-01-05T17:56:32.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since throughly testing would be unfeasible, have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do a risk analysis and perform only a subset of the possible tests, trying to cover all ways in a limited number of ways.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do random testing. You would have to model the creation flow, so you could generate a random state and check if the output matches the model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases, you should sync with the developers to perform more throughly testing in the unit/integration level, given your E2E testing is limited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T17:56:32.137" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24710" CreationDate="2017-01-05T18:07:24.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you want for this, assuming you have intelligent testers who aren't expected to follow a &quot;click this button&quot; script, is to define one test case for customer lookup, and in that test case, list the ways to search for a customer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on how your system works, you should be able to define the search methods as test parameters that can be used in customer search - especially if you keep your description at a high level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Given that Customer X has a %PARAMETER% stored in the system, when I search for customers by %PARAMETER%, I should see the Customer X in the list of matching customers.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parameters could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Full name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contact name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Zip code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Birth date&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;date of last purchase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretty much any of the fields that you could search on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that you should also include test cases for customers who have nothing stored in the field e.g. customers with no birth date stored should never be returned when searching by date of birth; and for customers who have a different value than the search value e.g a customer who does not have zip code 12345 should not appear in the search results for zip code 12345.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T18:07:24.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24722" CreationDate="2017-01-05T21:07:12.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;How complicated is the ETL logic? Are you bringing over every record? Do you transform the data? I would create targeted test data to test the logic itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you know what you know exactly which kind of data is brought over and exactly how the data is transformed you can absolutely automate it. Start with an empty database, insert to source for your first test case, run the ETL and then compare the file to what you expected it to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you feel good about the basic functionality on a small scale you can expand your testing to larger datasets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-01-05T21:07:12.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24726" CreationDate="2017-01-06T00:56:35.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regression testing is tracked is one of two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By tracking when feature/bug tickets are done and knowing that each one includes the writing of tests that will then remain as regression tests going forward. I consider this the preferred approach as you get much better tests, they are actually written and context switching is reduced.  I also recommend dev/qe pairing with test design and writing in parallel with application changes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;By setting aside a separate time for regression testing which can be either manual or (ideally) updating automated tests to reflect the change in functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T00:56:35.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24714" CreationDate="2017-01-06T02:24:23.667" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your click (and download) is after the &lt;code&gt;glob.sync()&lt;/code&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the download, you need to do another &lt;code&gt;glob.sync()&lt;/code&gt; to read the new state of the directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T02:24:23.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24734" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T04:28:21.367" Score="22" ViewCount="36017" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to deactivate a particular rule. I am checking my php code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Eg: This branch's code block is the same as the block for the branch&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the rule I deactivate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I go  through quality profile--&gt;then click to the php sonar way --&gt;then click on 64 active rules-&gt;then I deactivate that rule. Then I logout and login the same bug is visible in the dashboard...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to deactivate the rule ? Is there any another method ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="41828" LastEditDate="2019-10-04T06:19:37.557" LastActivityDate="2019-10-04T06:19:37.557" Title="How to deactivate a rule in SonarQube?" Tags="&lt;sonarqube&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24735" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T05:02:23.303" Score="1" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are having a strange observation while performance testing our web application which is, even after the load test ends, the heap keeps on increasing, what could be the issue? The environment for PT is seperate and hence it is assumed that no one is using that environment except for when we run the load test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23264" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T05:02:23.303" Title="The heap memory keeps on increasing on managed servers even though the load test has ended, what could be the reason?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;memory-leaks&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-06T15:43:58.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24734" CreationDate="2017-01-06T05:31:24.057" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follow below steps to disable any rule in SonarQube:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Login by admin &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to quality profile &amp;amp; Select java/php profile [whichever is appropriate to you]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter the rule as key and Search&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Uncheck the box  which will inactive the rule&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run Sonar runner command once again to verify the modifications are working properly&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have borrowed my answer from &lt;a href=&quot;https://goo.gl/HCN9zr&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T05:31:24.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24739" CreationDate="2017-01-06T08:35:01.557" Score="1" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing one application which has multiple recent screens for recent activity!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working for an email client android application which is having different different modules e.g. Email module, Calendar module, Document module etc. When I open modules one by one and press home key and then if I check the recent screen in android device I am able to see all the modules which I had open recently for the same application. If you check gmail or any other application then only 1 recent screen we can find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to write test cases or is it a good idea to have multiple recent screens for 1 android application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I raise a question to the development team to have only one recent screen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="18750" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T08:49:12.117" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T08:49:12.117" Title="How to test a application which is having multiple recent screen?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-06T12:24:52.367" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24737" CreationDate="2017-01-06T08:58:00.227" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prior to raising a question to the development team, you should refer to the software requirement and or software design documentation first, if any. Check in the requirement or design, how the application should behave related with the recent screen. Is there any purpose or objective in designing application with multiple recent screens? If it is not stated in the document, you could clarify it to your product owner to ensure the expected behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In designing the test cases, you should know what the acceptance criteria of that functionality first. What are the expected or the correct behavior and vice versa? For instance, will the multiple recent screens display the same information or something else? My suggestion is to check your documentation first and if it's still unclear, try to escalate it to your product owner/client. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22534" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T08:58:00.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2017-01-06T09:43:37.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you use Selenium/Webdriver with Javascript, there are some libraries to compare screenshots:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://huddle.github.io/Resemble.js/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Resemble.JS&lt;/a&gt; =&gt; Compare two images and find the difference. Resemble.js can be used for any image analysis and comparison requirement you might have in the browser. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/A9T9/templatematching.js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TemplateMatching.JS&lt;/a&gt; =&gt; Image search: Find another image (e. g. a button) inside a bigger image (e. g. a screenshot)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T09:43:37.580" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24741" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T11:00:09.863" Score="0" ViewCount="1004" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am excuting a testsuite, which includes around 160 testcases via IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the execution hangs after sometime. &#xA;Testcases are simple ones,mostly to check the presence of elements or to get the text of an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IE11&#xA;IEServerdriver:version 3&#xA;Windows 10&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23271" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T12:06:03.203" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T12:06:03.203" Title="Robot Framework: Test execution hangs after sometime(after execution of 40 to 50 testcases) via Internet Explorer" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;ie11&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24708" CreationDate="2017-01-06T12:10:41.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check the staging sites using BrowserMobProxy &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&lt;/a&gt; and there is also a free utility to help web developers to watch and manipulate network traffic from their AJAX applications. &lt;a href=&quot;http://bmp.lightbody.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://bmp.lightbody.net&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With browsermob proxy You can generate the Har file and use that har file to get the details of your websites performance. We have used this tool in our automated testing services to test the performance of websites in different environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T12:07:32.203" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T12:07:32.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24741" CreationDate="2017-01-06T13:45:42.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;strong&gt;StaleElementReferenceException&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is throw when the webelement is no longer available(deleted) or modified from the DOM. This can happen due to page or a part of it has refreshed due to AJAX, Javascript, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To handle this exception you will have to re-intialize the webelement for which you are getting the exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also try to use &quot;try catch&quot; to catch the StaleElementReferenceException.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T13:45:42.007" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24745" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24775" CreationDate="2017-01-06T15:49:02.273" Score="1" ViewCount="2250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in a Migration API Testing project also I'm new to API testing. I have this scenario -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are 2 services, Service A and Service B.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Service A has the response like this when I request for data &#xA;{ &quot;&lt;strong&gt;firstName&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&quot;John&quot;, &quot;age&quot;:31, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dob&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&quot;20-12-1988&quot; }&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Service B returns response like&#xA;{ &quot;&lt;strong&gt;name&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&quot;John&quot;, &quot;age&quot;:31, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;dateOfBirth&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;:&quot;20-12-1988&quot; }&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, we see the values returned are same but the attribute (in bold) changes. My test is to validate whether the data is received correct with appropriate attribute. I do the same through manual way currently. But there are lots of services to be tested like this. So I thought of using some automation to do the same. I'm able to fetch the response strings for both the services but not sure how to validate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any solution that you guys can suggest to crack this ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18848" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T08:20:42.373" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T08:20:42.373" Title="How to compare 2 JSON string having different attributes but same value?" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24745" CreationDate="2017-01-06T16:43:46.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code it, Python is currently my preferred and it offers the json module, I'm sure other languages have similar modules&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T16:43:46.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24747" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T16:58:45.597" Score="2" ViewCount="52" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are some high level test scenarios/types of testing for a personal cloud desktop application? This is basically a Network Attached Storage that can be accessed from anywhere via a desktop, mobile or web application, and my focus will be desktop application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started with the following scenarios:&#xA;- install/uninstall&#xA;- login/logout&#xA;- Add, read, modify, delete data using Wifi and Wired connections&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23067" LastEditorUserId="23067" LastEditDate="2018-04-11T09:00:48.737" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T09:00:48.737" Title="Testing scenarios for a desktop personal cloud app" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-09T04:19:09.940" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24745" CreationDate="2017-01-06T16:59:57.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would probably write something that already knows about changes between the old keyset and the new keyset.  I would write a function that uses that information to transform serviceA's response from the old format to the new format.  Using the example above, I would replace &lt;strong&gt;firstname&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;name&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;dob&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;dateOfBirth&lt;/strong&gt;.  Then I would write something that compares that result to serviceB's response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Google search will turn up plenty of Java libraries for parsing JSON.  Note that it's risk to transform serviceA's response and then convert it back to a JSON string, because you can't guarantee the result specify the key/value pairs in the same order as before.  If the stringify function relies on a HashMap or HashSet iteration order, it may produce different results across different Java version.  (That happens when you switch between Java 7 and Java 8).  Instead, you should parse both JSON strings and then compare the parsed results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T16:59:57.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24750" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T19:43:37.370" Score="4" ViewCount="4125" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to test an electron application. How does one use selenium to identify its elements or using F12 dev tools? As in order to write a selenium script one would have to identify the elements initially. How do I decompose an electron application to view its elements? Suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21479" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-03T06:48:01.450" LastActivityDate="2020-06-26T08:32:20.487" Title="How to test electron app using selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;electron&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24486" CreationDate="2017-01-06T20:11:38.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for static analysis tools, you can probably find a lot of good information with a simple google or wikipedia search.  What to do to get started depends heavily on what tool you are using.  One Static Analysis tool that you can use in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ndepend.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nDpend&lt;/a&gt; and if you want more information or thoughts on how to use it, Erik Dietrich has some really good posts on their &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.ndepend.com/author/erik-dietrich/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; with useful and interesting ways to use static analysis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23288" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T20:11:38.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24750" CreationDate="2017-01-06T20:32:32.093" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using WebdriverJS, then you need to run ./node_modules/.bin/chromedriver in this &lt;a href=&quot;http://electron.atom.io/docs/tutorial/using-selenium-and-webdriver/#start-chromedriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;step&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T11:32:23.193" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T11:32:23.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24822" CreationDate="2017-01-06T21:28:14.590" Score="8" ViewCount="2145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to QA and the single QA person on a team.  I have a pile of bug fixes that the Product Owner would like to release.  These fixes were coded by developers no longer with our company.  When it comes to writing test plans, is it typical to write a test plan for testing a bug fix?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21903" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T18:54:36.577" Title="Should QA create a test plan for verifying bug fixes?" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24754" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T22:05:49.233" Score="1" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently my team has been implementing Windows API into our framework and moving away from Selenium. So far I have found many benefits to functional browser testing with Windows API over Selenium. The most significant benefit is the ease of debugging without using a Selenium Driver instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing unit tests for specific functionality with our WAPI framework is much easier and quicker than using Selenium. If I am debugging with Selenium and reach an error I have to recreate an instance of the driver, reload the page, and navigate back to the specific web page to continue testing my code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two questions. The first is, am I going about debugging in Selenium the wrong way and is there an easier way to do it? My second question is, has anyone else noticed this and if so why continue to use Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21831" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T15:27:51.517" Title="Debugging with Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;debugging&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24753" CreationDate="2017-01-06T22:15:54.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your company internal policy and how your team is organized. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, if you are the only QA in your team, it will be your responsibility to plan and execute fixed bug testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless if the developers are still with your company, it is still your company's job to ensure your software meets customers' expectations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T22:15:54.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24753" CreationDate="2017-01-06T22:28:00.697" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on your company's preferred methodologies. You should keep a record of the test cases you performed to verify the fix, but most likely won't need anything as formal as a test plan for that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on how the fixes are implemented, especially when testing old code, you may want to execute other test plans of the product where the bugs were found in order to ensure the bugfixes do not create any more problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10875" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T22:28:00.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24757" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T22:41:05.950" Score="4" ViewCount="1787" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for the high level general steps performed by a QA Engineer on a scrum team using JIRA and a test management tool like Test Rail.  I realize this will be different for every company but once a sprint starts, what general steps do QA folks take to move a story from Ready For QA to Done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21903" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T16:03:31.013" Title="QA Steps to move sprint story from Ready for QA to Done?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;jira&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24747" CreationDate="2017-01-06T22:43:37.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stress testing, do you have in mind how many users are accessing your application at peak time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;soak testing, you need to know how reliable your application is, having your application running for a long time and see how often it fails. This is very hard to test as you can not use any simulation to shorten the testing time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing, does your application prevent unauthorized users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password recovery, if a user forgets password, how easy is it to recover it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T22:43:37.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24757" CreationDate="2017-01-06T22:47:21.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing a user story according to its requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report any bugs you find&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retest fixed bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When there is no more bugs, demonstrate it to stake holders (depends on the size of this user story, you may not need to do this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If everyone is happy, mark it as done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T22:47:21.350" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24761" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-06T23:08:11.723" Score="2" ViewCount="730" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a link in a web page that opens a new window. The web page that opens is an external site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should i check on the new window to confirm that its correct? Since the site isn't my own, checking title doesn't make sense because if it's changed my test would fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I instead I check Url of the link? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium webdriver in c#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23291" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T03:55:37.053" Title="In automated UI testing, how do i confirm that a link that opens a new window is working?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24761" CreationDate="2017-01-06T23:23:06.683" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, check something that does not change, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;URL (as you said)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some text on the page that is always there (e.g. company name)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23292" LastActivityDate="2017-01-06T23:23:06.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24753" CreationDate="2017-01-07T00:05:11.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have a bug for each fix, then I would use those bugs to document how they each fix was tested and whether the issue was corrected or not. A formal test plan seems like overkill to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T00:05:11.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20624" CreationDate="2017-01-07T00:06:07.883" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Shailendra hit the nail on the head.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main goal of keyword driven tests is greater test coverage through reuse and maintanability through defining functionality -- steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the main goal of data driven tests is greater test coverage through multiplying scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It really depends on how your features are structured -- are most scenarios much the same, but with different data, or are most scenarios different combinations of repeatable steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The two are not mutually exclusive, but in practice, frameworks tend to focus on one or the other extreme.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23293" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T00:06:07.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24761" CreationDate="2017-01-07T00:09:44.617" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nothing is going to be absolutely static - for all you know, they could add a redirect, and then the URL check is no longer any good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd use title if it's somewhat unique and reasonably static.  Unless they're changing the title dynamically, it's probably static enough for your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal shouldn't be to never update your tests, just to minimize maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T00:09:44.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24757" CreationDate="2017-01-07T00:15:53.750" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't wait for a sprint to start before doing test work. You should have been present during the planning of the ticket and given feedback on the feature. Were all possible scenarios spec'd out? Could something be added to improve the testability of the feature? Do you need to create additional work items for yourself to set up an environment or generate test data? Is the acceptance criteria clear and testable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to spend some time thinking about a test strategy and hopefully writing test cases. This does not need to wait until the sprint starts. This should be communicated to the team but is especially important to discuss with the developer implementing the feature as it could expose a difference of opinion about what the feature is supposed to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the ticket moves to ready for QA, deploy the feature and run the test cases that were thought about / documented earlier. If a blocking issue is found it moves back into open / re-opened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Done can have different meanings, but usually means it is merged into master or could be merged into master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T00:15:53.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24747" CreationDate="2017-01-07T04:18:03.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;You could test file transfers:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;transfer file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;transfer multiple files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cancel in the middle of file tranfer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;transfer other media types - test outside of &quot;supported&quot; range, videos, pdf, gif, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23295" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T04:18:03.893" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24768" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-07T04:22:52.127" Score="7" ViewCount="352" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my last position, I was working an upwards of 60 to 80 hours a week for an implementation where we were unable to implement much automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We were trapped by having too much manual automation to have time to ever write automation that would help solve that issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end we just ended up working tons of overtime and still not automating stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I and the companies I work for avoid this trap?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23295" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:40:51.100" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T17:59:44.077" Title="How to move my company and I from time-intensive manual testing to automated testing?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;work-place&gt;&lt;disscussion&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24768" CreationDate="2017-01-07T05:19:04.370" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the country you are working in and the company you are working for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In New Zealand, overtime is legal but you will need to be compensated for it. The legal consequence of forcing someone to do overtime work without any compensation is serious. And since QAs have little problems finding a new job, if you get pushed too much, you can simply pack up and go.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have not told us anything specific about your work place,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You work over time because there is too much work?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You work over time because there is no test automation?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T05:19:04.370" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24768" CreationDate="2017-01-07T06:59:55.950" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not a matter of number of hours only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me overtime serves for emergency, only when unexpected situation occurs. Unexpected things can happen and I accept it and I am open to help my employer (company I work for), but I always need to know what the company, the team lead, the boss, my team etc. is going to do to avoid such emergency situations in the future. Perhaps we should plan better, cut the scope we want to implement, employ more people, involve developers for testing, move deadlines, start investing into test automation and test automation trainings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If working overtime becomes regular then to me this is not unexpected situation and seems like the company is not going to work on fixing the real root cause of the problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not to say that working in emergency mode for a longer period is unhealthy and impacts your work-life balance significantly. You probably can find more answers on overtime in general and how to handle it on &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Workplace Stackexchange&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:48:41.417" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T09:22:56.733" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24761" CreationDate="2017-01-07T08:45:39.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best way is to check the element availability of that web page.&#xA;If it contain any tables or graphs then validate the height and the width of those graphs and tables ..etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-07T08:45:39.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18019" CreationDate="2017-01-07T23:33:34.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this problem still actual. Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='BirthMonth']/div[1]&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;Feb&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23300" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-01-08T03:05:48.730" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T03:05:48.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24745" CreationDate="2017-01-08T03:56:00.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@user246 anwser is acceptable, but it is not extendable to new services and forces all clients that need use this data to be dependable of this transformer function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would create a interface for service data transformers (or normalizers, if you like it better). This interface would provide a method for get the data for a given standard key. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The implementations of this interface would map the standard keys for a service-specific key and return the data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A singleton object would provide the list of standard keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can easily extend to new services only by creating a new implementation of the interface. All clients will only depend upon the interface abstraction, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_inversion_principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;what is a good thing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use Python, you can create a Java-like interface using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/python-cookbook-3rd/9781449357337/ch08s12.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;abc module&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python-guide.org/en/latest/scenarios/json/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;json module to parse the json data&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M15DV.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M15DV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T03:56:00.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23622" CreationDate="2017-01-08T09:17:59.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try to mimic the keystroke of pressing the TAB key on the keyboard which will move the focus of the cursor to the next index.&#xA;after your code just add sendKeys(keys.TAB)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select Speciality_dd = new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;boardCertificationSpeciality0&quot;)));&#xA;Speciality_dd.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Addiction Medicine&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;boardCertificationSpeciality0&quot;)).sendKeys(keys.TAB);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T09:17:59.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24782" CreationDate="2017-01-08T17:38:35.457" Score="5" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for the term used to describe when the amount of cumulated hacks and workarounds have made a software code too expensive to maintain at a reasonable level of quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23304" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T23:06:52.797" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T23:06:52.797" Title="Term for accumulated hacks making code maintenance too expensive" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24780" CreationDate="2017-01-08T18:42:40.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Cecil_Martin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robert C. Martin&lt;/a&gt; also known as UncleBob has coined a term for this &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Clean Code&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; the other way around is what you are describing and unmaintainable, un-extendable messy piece of code that smells. This would be unclean-code or messy-code, but also known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joelhelbling.com/articles/2010/12/10/whats-so-wrong-with-quick-and-dirty-code&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;QuickAndDirtyCodeTM&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UncleBob wrote a book (&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code&lt;/a&gt;) about it that is a must read for any developer if you ask me. Be sure to watch &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/episode/clean-code-episode-1/show&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;his video&lt;/a&gt; explaining what types of unclean code you have and how it can ruin companies. He is a bit excentric, but if you can view past that it is a great watch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leads to &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sourcemaking.com/refactoring/smells&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;code smells&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, these are recongizable piece of code that match one or more known code smells. Martin Fowler wrote a book (&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Refactoring&lt;/a&gt;) about how to change smelly code in to better clean code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T14:57:02.913" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T14:57:02.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24780" CreationDate="2017-01-08T21:07:13.767" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider Ward Cunningham's &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_debt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical debt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; metaphor. It isn't exactly what you describe. Technical debt is more the &lt;em&gt;accumulation&lt;/em&gt; of hacks and workarounds, even if the accumulated expense is not yet &quot;too expensive to maintain.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it seems like it's in the ballpark of what you're asking about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-01-08T21:07:13.767" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24780" CreationDate="2017-01-09T00:37:31.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hacks and workaround are technical debt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A term I have heard commonly used for too much of them is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Drowning in technical Debt&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T00:37:31.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24784" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24786" CreationDate="2017-01-09T02:46:42.493" Score="2" ViewCount="6592" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a testing framework for an application at my work and am running in to an issue. I use Selenium 3.0.1, NUnit 3.5.0, NUnit3TestAdapter 3.6.0, and a Selenium Grid instance to run my tests. In order to parallellize my tests properly I instantiate my webdriver instance at the start of each test (in the test itself, not in a setup method). I do this so that if multiple tests try to execute at the same time they are not trying to talk to the same static webdriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running in to an issue that when an Assert.IsTrue fails the Driver.Close() method (a wrapper for my driver instance close routine which executes the .Close() method on its own) directly after it does not execute because my code never makes it this far. I understand that this is because the the failing assertion causes the compiler to exit code execution and return a failing test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issue with this is that when my Driver.Close() method does not close sessions end up hanging on my grid nodes making them unable to effectively execute the next test in line. If I were using a static driver that I could simply pass around I would just execute the Driver.Close() routine in a teardown method however as I am instantiating my drivers at the start of each test this is not possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have a way that given the constraints of my environment I can still kill the browser session on my grid node after an assertion fails on a test (perhaps some arcane way that I am unaware of to pass my instantiated RemoteDriver to a teardown method at the end of each test)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is shown below for clarity:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of a test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;&#xA;public void GoToSearchPage()&#xA;{&#xA;    // Create an instance of the RemoteDriver object&#xA;    RemoteDriver remoteDriver = new RemoteDriver(&quot;firefox&quot;, &quot;WINDOWS&quot;, &quot;Hub_Location&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Go to the search page&#xA;    SearchPage.GoTo(remoteDriver);&#xA;&#xA;    // Verify that the browser is at the search page&#xA;    Assert.IsTrue(SearchPage.IsAt(remoteDriver), &quot;The web browser is not at the default search page&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Close the session&#xA;    remoteDriver.Close();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of my driver.Close method that lives inside the RemoteDriver class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void Close()&#xA;{&#xA;    // Close the currently open browser and dispose of the currently open instance&#xA;    Instance.Close();&#xA;    Instance.Dispose();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Edit&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the code implementation of the answer provided by ernie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void GoToSearchPage()&#xA;{&#xA;    // Create an instance of the RemoteDriver object&#xA;    RemoteDriver remoteDriver = new RemoteDriver(&quot;chrome&quot;, &quot;WINDOWS&quot;, &quot;HUB_LOCATION&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Go to the search page&#xA;    SearchPage.GoTo(remoteDriver);&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Verify that the browser is at the search page&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(SearchPage.IsAt(remoteDriver), &quot;The web browser is not at the default search page&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch(AssertionException)&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Close the currently open browser session&#xA;        remoteDriver.Close();&#xA;&#xA;        //Fail the test&#xA;        Assert.Fail(&quot;The web browser is not at the default search page&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Close the currently open browser session&#xA;    remoteDriver.Close();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this solution does introduce some slowness (approximately 2-3 seconds if the catch is activated) this allows me to avoid refactoring the way I implement my driver in order to use a setup or teardown method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23156" LastEditorUserId="23156" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T21:00:02.777" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T21:00:02.777" Title="Kill browser sessions when driver is instantiated on each test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24761" CreationDate="2017-01-09T03:55:37.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with few other answers &amp;amp; would like to add below imp point:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you are getting redirected on other web-site[external as you mentioned] That means its not targeted web-site to test &amp;amp; execute your automation suite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;But you might taking some inputs or confirmation, what is necessary for you on that page will be testing as well as assertion area. [Is it making sense?] That you should not miss in your script.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;URL&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your comapany logo or name&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Redirection button which will bring user back on your targeted website&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Just &quot;Success&quot; [200] response &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T03:55:37.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24784" CreationDate="2017-01-09T05:04:18.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simplest solution is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/zwc8s4fz.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;try-finally block&lt;/a&gt; .  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a higher level, you could write a decorator/annotation for this.  Here's an &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19389808/using-annotations-for-exception-handling&quot;&gt;SO answer in Java&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://neildoesdotnet.blogspot.com/2008/09/keeping-code-clean-decorators-for-error.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here's a blog post for C#&lt;/a&gt; showing how that might work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T05:04:18.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24753" CreationDate="2017-01-09T06:31:25.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ideal practice is, We write test cases across specifications&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When we observed any bug, If its having step similar to any test case then fine [No need to update test plan]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;But If bug is having different test steps than any test case, we should add those step in test plan and that bug would be a one test case&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In our software field, team keep changing frequently[many if the times, not all the time &amp;amp; everywhere] So keep practice of lesser dependency&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of role, Keep updating your team for bugs observed and testing results to be on same page&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T06:31:25.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24753" CreationDate="2017-01-09T10:08:08.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't add bug verification to the master test plan since this will pile up un-necessary test cases, after all once you verify a fix you don't need to check this particular case anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But do consider-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If applicable add the root cause of the bug to the plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add some verification tests to the nearest release, but also keep in mind branching and merging policies since bugs might reappear in the future&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T10:08:08.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24809" CreationDate="2017-01-09T10:26:15.720" Score="2" ViewCount="843" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating a webpage using Selenium but there is one scenario where after clicking on a button, it opens up an Excel sheet. I need to enter a value in the cell of the Excel sheet. I am using Sikuli (in Eclipse) to do that but the header name of the cell is not unique. (Please refer the screenshot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tEbvb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tEbvb.png&quot; alt=&quot;Reference screenshot. Trying to enter value in the cell highlighted in red box.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to enter the value in the cell highlighted in red box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the below code (in Eclipse) but it is clicking the wrong cell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Screen s = new Screen();    &#xA;Pattern p = new Pattern(&quot;images/Cell.png&quot;);&#xA;s.find(p);&#xA;s.click(p);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cell.png&lt;/strong&gt; is as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/llLTQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/llLTQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Cell.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T16:22:15.890" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T07:55:57.970" Title="Selecting the similar cells in Excel using Sikuli" Tags="&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23148" CreationDate="2017-01-09T10:42:46.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short: there's no solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;.rxtmg&lt;/code&gt; file is not a single module group, it's a module group&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt; file. The association of modules into module groups is done in that file. Unfortunately, that's a 2 level hierarchy only and is not a real tree.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There cannot be more than one such file per project, so there's typically no need to move it into a subdirectory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T10:42:46.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24792" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-09T10:55:57.253" Score="1" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a php code to check using sonarqube. I got how to create a new rule. I don't know hot to set rule for the php code. What should I do ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:25:27.003" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:25:27.003" Title="Sonarqube Custom rule" Tags="&lt;php&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-09T16:22:52.097" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24790" CreationDate="2017-01-09T11:49:52.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Python scripting to solve this and use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://doc.sikuli.org/region.html#Region.findAll&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;findall method&lt;/a&gt; of the Region object. This gives you a list of all matching images and then you can click/fill only the second occurrence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="22970" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T22:23:26.260" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T22:23:26.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24794" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-09T12:47:03.850" Score="3" ViewCount="566" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using selenium webdriver with protractor for more than a year now and recently after updating to the newest versions i got an error that i have never encountered before. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As stated in the title my error is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebDriver Error Cannot use 'in' operator to search for 'String' in false &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am doing everything in the code as always, but even my old tests which were working correctly and were used everyday, don't work now. The tests starts and navigate to the page correctly(which is the first step in the test), but everything after that fails no matter if it is only clicking, or typing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried searching everywhere, but did not find someone having the same problem as me. Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code. The spec.ts file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('102001 - External Payments - own portfolio; recurring - no end date', function () {&#xA;&#xA;    var LoginPage = require('./Page/Login_Page/Login_page.js');&#xA;    var OverviewPage = require('./Page/Overview_Page/Overview_page.js');&#xA;    var BeleggenPage = require('./Page/Beleggen_Page/Beleggen_Page.js');&#xA;    var BepaalJeKennisprofielPage = require('./Page/BepaalJeKennisprofiel_Page/BepaalJeKennisprofiel_Page.js');&#xA;    var AcepteerDeVoorwaardenPage = require('./Page/AcepteerDeVoorwaarden_Page/AcepteerDeVoorwaarden_Page.js');&#xA;    var BepaalJeInlegPage = require('./Page/BepaalJeInleg_Page/BepaalJeInleg_Page.js');&#xA;&#xA;    var date = new Date().getTime() / 1000;&#xA;    var uniqueIdentifier = date.toString();&#xA;.&#xA;    afterEach(function () {&#xA;        browser.driver.sleep(1000);&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('Should go to the login page', function () {&#xA;        browser.ignoreSynchronization = true;&#xA;&#xA;        LoginPage.goToPage();&#xA;&#xA;        browser.ignoreSynchronization = false;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('Should hide the cookie bar', function () {&#xA;&#xA;        LoginPage.hideCookieBar();&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('Should set username', function () {&#xA;&#xA;        LoginPage.setUsername('mseykov');&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('Should set password', function () {&#xA;&#xA;        LoginPage.setPassword('Welkom2015');&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('Should click login', function () {&#xA;&#xA;        LoginPage.clickLogin();&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('Should click OK on the pop up', function () {&#xA;&#xA;        LoginPage.closePopUp();&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The associated page file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var LoginPage = function () {&#xA;&#xA;    this.goToPage = function () {&#xA;        browser.get('https://k2-vat.virtual-affairs.nl');&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    this.hideCookieBar = function () {&#xA;        element(by.css('.cookies-bar-text&amp;gt;.btn-clean')).click();&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    this.setUsername = function (value) {&#xA;        element(by.id('safeName')).sendKeys(value);&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    this.setPassword = function (value) {&#xA;        element(by.id('Password')).sendKeys(value);&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    this.clickLogin = function () {&#xA;        element(by.css('button[type=&quot;submit&quot;]')).click();&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    this.closePopUp = function () {&#xA;        element(by.css('.btn.btn-primary.btn-xs-block')).click();&#xA;    };&#xA;};&#xA;module.exports = new LoginPage();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the config file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var HtmlScreenshotReporter = require('protractor-jasmine2-screenshot-reporter');&#xA;&#xA;var reporter = new HtmlScreenshotReporter({&#xA;    dest: 'target/screenshots_chrome',&#xA;    filename: 'my-report.html'&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;exports.config = {&#xA;    framework: 'jasmine2',&#xA;    seleniumAddress: 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',&#xA;    specs: ['spec.js'],&#xA;    capabilities: {&#xA;        browserName: 'chrome'&#xA;    },&#xA;&#xA;    beforeLaunch: function () {&#xA;        return new Promise(function (resolve) {&#xA;            reporter.beforeLaunch(resolve);&#xA;        });&#xA;    },&#xA;&#xA;    //multiCapabilities: [{&#xA;    //    'browserName': 'chrome'&#xA;    //}, {&#xA;    //    'browserName': 'firefox'&#xA;    //}],&#xA;    //capabilities: {&#xA;    //    browserName: 'phantomjs',&#xA;    //    'phantomjs.binary.path': require('phantomjs').path&#xA;    //},&#xA;    onPrepare: function () {&#xA;        jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(reporter);&#xA;        browser.driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;        //browser.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(10000);&#xA;        //browser.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10000);&#xA;        //allScriptsTimeout: 10000;&#xA;        //getPageTimeout: 10000;&#xA;    },&#xA;&#xA;    afterLaunch: function (exitCode) {&#xA;        return new Promise(function (resolve) {&#xA;            reporter.afterLaunch(resolve.bind(this, exitCode));&#xA;        });&#xA;    }&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full error message for first step:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Failures:&#xA;1) 101001 - Internal payment - own portfolio; not recurring - today (current to current account) Should set username&#xA;  Message:&#xA;    Failed: unknown error: Cannot use 'in' operator to search for 'String' in false&#xA;      (Session info: chrome=55.0.2883.87)&#xA;      (Driver info: chromedriver=2.26.436362 (5476ec6bf7ccbada1734a0cdec7d570bb042aa30),platform=Windows NT 10.0.10240 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;    Command duration or timeout: 32 milliseconds&#xA;    Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30 17:37:03'&#xA;    System info: host: 'mseykov', ip: '10.10.9.80', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_111'&#xA;    Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;    Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, mobileEmulationEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.26.436362 (5476ec6bf7ccbada1734a0cdec7d570bb042aa30), userDataDir=C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Local\Temp\scoped_dir6988_30004}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, hasTouchScreen=false, version=55.0.2883.87, platform=XP, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, acceptSslCerts=true, locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour=}]&#xA;    Session ID: 46d8538fb4a3edb4b58c8201bf8e4710&#xA;    *** Element info: {Using=css selector, value=*[id=&quot;safeName&quot;]}&#xA;  Stack:&#xA;    WebDriverError: unknown error: Cannot use 'in' operator to search for 'String' in false&#xA;      (Session info: chrome=55.0.2883.87)&#xA;      (Driver info: chromedriver=2.26.436362 (5476ec6bf7ccbada1734a0cdec7d570bb042aa30),platform=Windows NT 10.0.10240 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;    Command duration or timeout: 32 milliseconds&#xA;    Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30 17:37:03'&#xA;    System info: host: 'mseykov', ip: '10.10.9.80', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_111'&#xA;    Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;    Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, mobileEmulationEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.26.436362 (5476ec6bf7ccbada1734a0cdec7d570bb042aa30), userDataDir=C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Local\Temp\scoped_dir6988_30004}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, hasTouchScreen=false, version=55.0.2883.87, platform=XP, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, acceptSslCerts=true, locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour=}]&#xA;    Session ID: 46d8538fb4a3edb4b58c8201bf8e4710&#xA;    *** Element info: {Using=css selector, value=*[id=&quot;safeName&quot;]}&#xA;        at Object.checkLegacyResponse (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\error.js:639:15)&#xA;        at parseHttpResponse (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\http\index.js:538:13)&#xA;        at client_.send.then.response (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\http\index.js:472:11)&#xA;        at ManagedPromise.invokeCallback_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:1379:14)&#xA;        at TaskQueue.execute_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:2913:14)&#xA;        at TaskQueue.executeNext_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:2896:21)&#xA;        at asyncRun (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:2820:25)&#xA;        at C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:639:7&#xA;        at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:103:7)&#xA;    From: Task: WebDriver.findElements(By(css selector, *[id=&quot;safeName&quot;]))&#xA;        at WebDriver.schedule (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\webdriver.js:377:17)&#xA;        at WebDriver.findElements (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\webdriver.js:926:22)&#xA;        at C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\element.js:173:44&#xA;        at ManagedPromise.invokeCallback_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:1379:14)&#xA;        at TaskQueue.execute_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:2913:14)&#xA;        at TaskQueue.executeNext_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:2896:21)&#xA;        at asyncRun (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:2775:27)&#xA;        at C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:639:7&#xA;        at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:103:7)Error&#xA;        at ElementArrayFinder.applyAction_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\element.js:461:27)&#xA;        at ElementArrayFinder._this.(anonymous function) [as sendKeys] (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\element.js:103:30)&#xA;        at ElementFinder.(anonymous function) [as sendKeys] (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\element.js:829:22)&#xA;        at LoginPage.setUsername (D:\Knab\KnabInternalPayments\InternalPayments_OwnPortfolio_NotRecurring_Today\Page\Login_Page\Login_Page.ts:8:36)&#xA;        at Object.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (D:\Knab\KnabInternalPayments\InternalPayments_OwnPortfolio_NotRecurring_Today\spec.ts:25:19)&#xA;        at C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\jasminewd2\index.js:94:23&#xA;        at new ManagedPromise (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:1082:7)&#xA;        at controlFlowExecute (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\jasminewd2\index.js:80:18)&#xA;        at TaskQueue.execute_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:2913:14)&#xA;        at TaskQueue.executeNext_ (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:2896:21)&#xA;    From: Task: Run it(&quot;Should set username&quot;) in control flow&#xA;        at Object.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (C:\Users\mseykov\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\jasminewd2\index.js:79:14)&#xA;    From asynchronous test:&#xA;    Error&#xA;        at Suite.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (D:\Knab\KnabInternalPayments\InternalPayments_OwnPortfolio_NotRecurring_Today\spec.ts:23:5)&#xA;        at Object.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (D:\Knab\KnabInternalPayments\InternalPayments_OwnPortfolio_NotRecurring_Today\spec.ts:1:1)&#xA;        at Module._compile (module.js:571:32)&#xA;        at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:580:10)&#xA;        at Module.load (module.js:488:32)&#xA;        at tryModuleLoad (module.js:447:12)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12890" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T04:14:55.230" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T05:17:20.643" Title="WebDriver Error Cannot use 'in' operator to search for 'String' in false" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-09T13:00:53.990" Score="2" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without a UI, I know &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;cceptance &lt;strong&gt;T&lt;/strong&gt;est &lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt;riven &lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt;evelopment can still be performed against APIs etc (sort of headless vertical slice development and testing if you will) but where do we draw the line for the boundaries of things we are testing (I know, I know...it depends!) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we employ End-To-End testing or Component style testing? Or both ( and if the latter how do we deal with stuff coming out of test doubles) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given a REST API, which creates commands, to be consumed asynchronously, and a messaging endpoint performing some action based on a command, which all reside in the same Microservice.  To my mind, the boundaries are at the input into the REST api and the output of the messaging endpoint.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a Microservice perspective, I can push in a request and get a message out of the back (mocking interactions with nearest neighbours) to get me to an end state in an End to End style test, and have done so.  The drawback with this though is we start to create an hour glass instead of a  testing triangle, If I am to ATDD all features like this. Which is a fair criticism&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bit of a debate has arisen about not exercising expensive HTTP calls, and messaging or Databases (which is all fair enough), more an End to End style of testing (favoured in GOOS for example) but rather using Component style testing but then this would omit the messaging aspect unless a test double for the messaging was pretty clever.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone got any experience of any approach(es) to take, or considerations.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23309" LastEditorUserId="23309" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T09:03:20.930" LastActivityDate="2018-02-03T16:36:26.463" Title="ATDD with Microservices (comprosing REST and Messaging)" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24792" CreationDate="2017-01-09T14:28:53.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to inspect PHP you have to install PHP inspector plugging.&#xA;So navigate to update are and search for a PHP plugin anf install it.&#xA;Then use the code as on its documentation.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.sonarqube.org/plugins/servlet/mobile#content/view/1966249&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://docs.sonarqube.org/plugins/servlet/mobile#content/view/1966249&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T14:28:53.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24790" CreationDate="2017-01-09T14:39:56.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After your code get executed it will click on some point in the Excel sheet.&#xA;Then use keyboard key pressing to navigate to the correct cell.&#xA;Then enter the values .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T15:43:43.230" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T15:43:43.230" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24754" CreationDate="2017-01-09T14:53:55.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;why continue to use Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because Selenium is the W3C standard way to interact with the browsers (browser automation) across platforms and browser providers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found that Selenium + Python, with it's ability to drop to interactive Python debugger and investigate Selenium objects as it is in real time, is fast, productive and pleasure to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T14:53:55.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24754" CreationDate="2017-01-09T15:03:29.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The first is, am I going about debugging in Selenium the wrong way and is there an easier way to do it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you're using &lt;code&gt;unittest&lt;/code&gt; or some other Python test framework.  For debugging purposes, a mature test framework provides a way to run a single test in isolation even when the same Python class defines multiple tests.  If you can't do that now, &lt;strong&gt;consider changing things so that you can run a single test in isolation&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;My second question is, has anyone else noticed this and if so why continue to use Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're sold on automating your browser UI tests, Selenium is at least as good as anything else.  It has a large user community and it's open source, which means if you run into a problem, you are more likely to find a solution than if you use a proprietary framework or a framework with a small user community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a distinction between (1) using Selenium to test your UI and (2) using Selenium to test your business logic &lt;em&gt;through&lt;/em&gt; your UI.  The distinction is fuzzy, but if you don't have a way to test your business logic at the API level, it is tempting to do #2.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It is suboptimal to have extra layers between your tests and what you're trying to test.&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;strong&gt;If you have a programatic API, you should write tests using that API.&lt;/strong&gt;  That doesn't mean you should throw away your Selenium tests, but it does mean &lt;strong&gt;you should use Selenium for testing things that can't be tested at the API level, i.e. for testing the UI itself&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-01-09T15:27:51.517" LastActivityDate="2017-01-09T15:27:51.517" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24807" CreationDate="2017-01-10T05:45:55.840" Score="0" ViewCount="1289" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm getting following error while executing my code using Selenium Webdriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.UnsupportedCommandException: POST /session/0c0ee24f-ebbe-4a28-97f6-8339b9778bf8/moveto did not match a known command&#xA;    Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:43:45 -0700'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help to resolve above error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T06:54:37.457" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T07:05:48.053" Title="Selenium Error: UnsupportedCommandException" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-10T19:03:51.450" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24806" CreationDate="2017-01-10T07:05:48.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;got this error because of the selenium version.&#xA;i have used 3.0.1 and once i downgraded it , UnsupportedCommandException problem was resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T07:05:48.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24808" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24816" CreationDate="2017-01-10T07:53:50.010" Score="30" ViewCount="4069" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given I have written good unit tests for business rule units of a system. Is it still needed to write acceptance tests that target verifying those business rules implementation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17854" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T12:01:57.177" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T12:12:46.207" Title="With good unit tests, do I also need acceptance tests?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24790" CreationDate="2017-01-10T07:55:57.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the reference I am giving the 3rd option That I tried and worked for me in addition to the 2 answers given by @timfredo &amp;amp; @chathuD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I included the nearby cells to make the Cell.png unique. refer the screenshot below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Previously Cell.png was as follows:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ApGJU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ApGJU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To make Cell.png unique I changed it to the below:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JFoWT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JFoWT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to click on the desired cell I used the following code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Screen s = new Screen();    &#xA;Pattern p = new Pattern(&quot;images/Cell.png&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;/*This will highlight the selected area for 3 seconds.*/&#xA;s.find(p).below(25).right(-200).left(5).highlight(3);&#xA;&#xA;s.find(p).below(25).right(-200).left(5).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T07:55:57.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-01-10T08:17:57.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good unit tests are not interchangeable with acceptance tests. They are different concepts and serve different purposes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit tests, as its name suggests, they are aiming at testing individual units. Besides, how do you define &quot;good&quot; unit tests? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance tests are carried out as if you were a customer, you would expect all individual units of your code have been integrated together; if you do not execute acceptance tests, how would you detect communication issues between units? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T08:17:57.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-01-10T08:22:55.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, most of the time you do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I have implemented some new features TDD, with 100% unit-test coverage on my classes, but I forgot to update the implementation code that was used during the bootstrapping. I needed to add a couple of integration-tests to cover this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually you also want to check the full end-2-end stack with a couple of tests. If not only to make sure that if something breaks you can add these types of tests in a later stage. For example when something is hard to test at unit level. If you do not create end-2-end tests from the beginning you might realize to late that you build your UI untestable or just very hard to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do need to find a good balance between different test types, read about the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test pyramid&lt;/a&gt;. Still focussing mainly on unit-tests is good, but just not good enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T09:20:29.570" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T09:20:29.570" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24812" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-10T09:15:21.420" Score="2" ViewCount="2075" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Appium to automate all my test cases related to IOS device using Java, Logs are currently displayed on Appium app itself. I want to save them in a text file so that i can check error after it finishes tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I had tried:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. I tried to use log4j, but it seems working with java console only not Appium.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. I tried to use field available in Appium itself, but if i use it Appium do no start and shows undefined error, on research i find nobody uses that feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am not sure if we can do this or not. Any help is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15909" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T12:04:46.507" LastActivityDate="2021-04-30T18:02:30.233" Title="How to save Appium logs to a local text file?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15944" CreationDate="2017-01-10T10:31:44.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;well if you insist of using AutoIT as your solution I can tell you that AutoIT doesn't recognize .Net objects well, there is a workaround to bypass this problem by using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ff468877(v=vs.85).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;windows messaging&lt;/a&gt; mechanism it is not the best solution but, I'm using it sometimes when needed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#RequireAdmin&#xA;&#xA;#include &amp;lt;SendMessage.au3&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Local Const $WM_MOUSEMOVE       = 0x0200&#xA;Local Const $WM_LBUTTONDOWN     = 0x0201; main mouse button&#xA;Local Const $WM_LBUTTONUP       = 0x0202; main mouse button&#xA;Local Const $WM_RBUTTONDOWN     = 0x0204; secondary mouse button&#xA;Local Const $WM_RBUTTONUP       = 0x0205; secondary mouse button&#xA;Local Const $WM_KEYDOWN         = 0x0100; Posted to the window with the keyboard focus when a nonsystem key is pressed. A nonsystem key is a key that is pressed when the ALT key is not pressed.&#xA;Local Const $WM_KEYUP           = 0x0101; Posted to the window with the keyboard focus when a nonsystem key is released. A nonsystem key is a key that is pressed when the ALT key is not pressed, or a keyboard key that is pressed when a window has the keyboard focus.&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Local Const $VK_RIGHT           = 0x27; RIGHT ARROW  key&#xA;Local Const $VK_LEFT            = 0x25; LEFT  ARROW  key&#xA;Local Const $VK_DOWN            = 0x28; DOWN  ARROW  key&#xA;Local Const $VK_UP              = 0x26; UP    ARROW  key&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;; ===================================================================&#xA;; _MakeLong($a, $b)&#xA;;&#xA;; Concatenates two 16 bit values into one 32 bit value.&#xA;; Parameters:&#xA;;    $l - IN - The low order word (Lowest 16 bits)&#xA;;    $h - IN - The high order word (Highest 16 bits)&#xA;; Returns:&#xA;;    The two 16 bit values concatenated into a single 32 bit value.&#xA;; Notes:&#xA;;    Retrieve the values with HiWord and LoWord respectively.&#xA;; ===================================================================&#xA;Func _MakeLong($l, $h)&#xA;    Return BitOR(BitAnd($l, 0xFFFF), BitShift(BitAnd($h, 0xFFFF), -16))&#xA; EndFunc  ; _MakeLong()&#xA;&#xA;; ===================================================================&#xA;; ShadowLeftMouseClick($WinHwd, $x_Coord, $y_Coord)&#xA;;&#xA;; send mouse click to a window without changing the focus.&#xA;; Parameters:&#xA;;   $WinHwd - Window handler (can be retrieve using WinGetHandle() function)&#xA;;   $x_Coord - Decimal value of the X coordination within the window client area.&#xA;;   $y_Coord - Decimal value of the Y coordination within the window client area.&#xA;; Returns:&#xA;;    Null.&#xA;; Notes:&#xA;;   Working on Windows messaging concept.&#xA;; ===================================================================&#xA;Func ShadowLeftMouseClick($WinHwd, $x_Coord, $y_Coord)&#xA;&#xA;   Local $lParam = _MakeLong($x_Coord, $y_Coord)&#xA;   _SendMessage($WinHwd,$WM_MOUSEMOVE,0,$lParam)&#xA;   _SendMessage($WinHwd,$WM_LBUTTONDOWN,0,$lParam)&#xA;   _SendMessage($WinHwd,$WM_LBUTTONUP,0,$lParam)&#xA;&#xA;EndFunc&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23100" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T10:31:44.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-01-10T11:54:44.347" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you should have scenarios which verify the unit tested business rules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;good unit tests mock and stub the datastore.  Acceptance tests make sure it is configured and works correctly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit tests usually test logic but don't allow for usability and accessibility&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit tests don't test whether the application works on the vast array of devices and browsers that are available today.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;many of the problems that plague systems are due to software configuration management and require acceptance testable systems that reflect production configuration, frequently on a 'staging' server.  Developer setups do not usually reflect the production configuration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T11:59:51.133" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T11:59:51.133" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-01-10T12:39:09.903" Score="37" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it still needed to write acceptance tests that target verifying&#xA;  those business rules implementation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes, it is absolutely necessary.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your unit tests cover the business rules &lt;em&gt;in isolation&lt;/em&gt;. Your acceptance tests verify that the application properly implements those business rules from a customer perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many cases where the unit tests of the business rules pass, but problems with integration cause the acceptance tests for those rules to fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update to answer OP's questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - test only the unit in isolation. They are &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; customer-focused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - test that the units work together. They are &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; customer-focused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Tests&lt;/strong&gt; - test that the customer's use cases are complete in a way &lt;em&gt;that satisfies the customer's needs&lt;/em&gt;. They &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; customer-focused, and may be performed by the customer rather than the development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-10T13:18:14.140" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T13:18:14.140" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-01-10T14:49:55.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good unit tests are your first line of defense. But as any strategist can tell you, one line of defense is never enough. You expect that some of your unit test will fail to catch some issues (or it is hard to write a unit test for, or test coder did not thought about some combination, or error happened in unexpected way - there are many reasons) so you have higher-level tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is called &quot;defense in depth&quot; strategy. Read up on strategy. Sun-Tzu is a good start for more than 2 millennia :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T14:49:55.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24818" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24819" CreationDate="2017-01-10T15:21:16.490" Score="2" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know rampup has been explained here &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/13352/19076&quot;&gt;How to set up Jmeter ramp up time?&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/17288545/4675568&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/q/17288545/4675568&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But something bothers me. On my local machine, I'm trying to do 10000 threads in a 3 seconds rampup time.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Does the rampup too short ? Do I need to use a more powerful machine for the load testing ? Do I need to decrease the thread number ?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Because in my case, the 10000th thread starts 2min after the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19076" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T16:18:24.180" Title="Jmeter rampup capabilities" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24818" CreationDate="2017-01-10T16:18:24.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't ask for answers, get them yourself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure your JMeter configuration is &lt;strong&gt;optimal&lt;/strong&gt; in terms of Java Heap space, Garbage Collector options, test is well-behaved and being run in non-GUI mode. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;9 Easy Solutions for a JMeter Load Test “Out of Memory” Failure&lt;/a&gt; article for JMeter performance tweaks listed and explained. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; to kick off 10k virtual users and start executing your test, but do this &lt;strong&gt;gradually&lt;/strong&gt;. This will allow to check where the problems start occurring. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While doing step 2 make sure you monitor the main health metrics of the host where JMeter is running, to wit: CPU, RAM, Swap usage, Network and Disk IO. When one of the metrics starts exceeding i.e 95% - most likely this is your bottleneck. This could be done using your operating system built-in tools or &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter PerfMon Plugin&lt;/a&gt;.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that JMeter supports &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Distributed Testing Mode&lt;/a&gt; when your test is being executed in parallel by several JMeter instances on different hosts, for instance if you have 2 machines you can use as load generators - you will need to kick off 5k threads on each JMeter remote engine.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T16:18:24.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24753" CreationDate="2017-01-10T18:04:21.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you add the new tests into your regression pack to ensure they are picked up in the future. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you will run some form of regression prior to release, so between the two you have improved coverage and documentation going forward&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T18:04:21.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24753" CreationDate="2017-01-10T18:54:36.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do you prevent the bug from happening again? Most of the times the answer to this question is a test-case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now where does this test-case go? Into an existing test-plan or -suite, preferable automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix the defect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test the fix (manual, exploratory or automated)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analyses&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a test-case/step/plan to prevent the root-cause from occurring again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute all other tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release fix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, you do need to test bug-fixes, certainly when reported by clients, since it is possible different users report conflicting bugs. This could lead to a pingpong state between two similar issues, where with each release the bug returns for the other client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But no, you should not create a full test-plan for each bug-fix, just add a test-case to an existing plan. If you do not have a test-plan or -suite it time to start one :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could do a small risk analyses and wonder what the risks are that it breaks again. Based on that decide how much testing effort your team should invest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T18:54:36.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24823" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24828" CreationDate="2017-01-10T19:11:26.277" Score="2" ViewCount="195" Body="&lt;p&gt;I affirm working on a software testing project for a customer. Due to a tight budget, I am the only one writing code here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking of performing code refactoring at the end of this project, but this will extend my staying for around 5 working days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The customer I am working for knows little about coding, let alone code refactoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone has any experience about how to convince a customer about how important code refactoring is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="16686" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T08:46:16.573" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T08:46:16.573" Title="How do I convince customers about the importance of code refactoring?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-11T22:33:54.293" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-01-10T20:15:39.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have mentioned, unit tests cover functionality in isolation. There's a great little illustration of why that's not enough that's gone around recently. It can be seen here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GypdsJulKE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GypdsJulKE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, that's funny and it makes for a great joke, but there's value in remembering that your code doesn't live in a vacuum. Software is made up of components that must work together. Unit testing is about isolating a single component and making sure that it behaves the way it should. Integration and acceptance testing is about making sure that components work together to meet the acceptance criteria and, by extension, the business need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23339" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T20:15:39.427" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-01-10T20:28:22.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit tests and integration tests are designed to facilitate the development of the product. Oversimplifying in this area can lead to difficulty in regression testing and failure/fault isolation, regardless of where a problem is first discovered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acceptance testing is usually done in a manner agreed to by the end user or customer and is solely focused on the functional and performance results that they expect to see. Acceptance tests are not intrinsically expected to be used in failure isolation, even when the failure is discovered as part of the acceptance test. They may be used to gather insight to what may have caused the failure, but should not be so complicated that they are also expected to be used to determine a root cause in the software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that a failure in an acceptance test may not be due to a fault in the software. It may be due to an error in understanding the requirements and implementing incorrectly. Unit tests and integration tests will not necessarily uncover this type of failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23340" LastActivityDate="2017-01-10T20:28:22.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-01-11T05:37:05.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit tests and acceptance tests need fundamentally different approaches &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit tests&lt;/strong&gt; check that your code does was you think it does, but not whether that is the correct thing to do. A good unit test checks that you have implemented the low level structure of your functions (or &lt;em&gt;units&lt;/em&gt;) without any straight-forward errors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance tests&lt;/strong&gt; check that the combination of your little &lt;em&gt;units&lt;/em&gt; of code is doing something that is overall sensible and correct for your use case. You've verified that your code does what you expect it to with unit tests, but acceptance tests help to check that your mental model is correct, and that the code you've written actually solves the problem you set out to solve.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="17338" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T20:31:20.460" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T20:31:20.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24823" CreationDate="2017-01-11T05:57:03.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Send a mail to the customer stating the importance of code refactoring:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Highlight that the refactoring will really help to increase&#xA;the maintainability of the code (it's like an investment therefore even if it&#xA;might not help you in near future, it will really come to the play in&#xA;after 7 or more years later when new developer team will taking the&#xA;code and start maintaining the project).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also it will definitely lower the technical debt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes it will increase the performance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="16686" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T08:46:08.143" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T08:46:08.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18549" CreationDate="2017-01-11T06:20:22.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a solution which I had used on IE(never tried on other browser).&#xA;Suppose you have 5 IE windows opened, perform the iterator on all the windows and save the window iterators in a variable which will be an Array:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String parentWinHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;//Click the button or link which populates the window&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(actionBtn)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;Set&amp;lt;?&amp;gt; popupHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;//SOP *popupHandles* &#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;?&amp;gt; iterator = popupHandles.iterator();&#xA;while(iterator.hasNext())&#xA;    {&#xA;    String popupHandle = iterator.next().toString();&#xA;    if(!popupHandle.contains(parentWinHandle)) {&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(popupHandle);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        //Perform the operation you want to do&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(parentWinHandle);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now pass the array index value to perform the close operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T06:20:22.080" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17417" CreationDate="2017-01-11T06:27:52.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had developed one web application test suite which had used similar execution flow but had little different way.&#xA;I had all the test suite/cases in excel sheet and for each test suite/case, I kept one &lt;code&gt;suiteToRun/caseToRun&lt;/code&gt; flag.&#xA;In the code I was checking if the &lt;code&gt;suiteToRun/caseToRun&lt;/code&gt; is set to &lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;, continue the execution or skip if it is set to &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this will give you some better way to perform execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T06:27:52.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24831" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24843" CreationDate="2017-01-11T07:11:42.457" Score="-1" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it OK to verify business rule components in form of unit tests, or should unit tests only verify the design and low-level structures?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given we have a class that implements a specific business rule, or an entity in terms of DDD, that contain it's own business logic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can create unit tests which can verify the structure of these classes and also create some unit tests with test data for verifying the business rules implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are second set of tests for verifying business rules implementation OK to be in unit-test form?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17854" LastEditorUserId="17854" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T08:35:10.707" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T20:31:45.693" Title="Designing requirement-bases unit test cases for business components" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24823" CreationDate="2017-01-11T08:08:45.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Explain them that refactoring is an important part of software development with the advantages for the customer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While it doesn’t make a noticeable change to the software from the end user perspective, it helps to &lt;strong&gt;reduce costs of future development&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regular refactoring of your code will make your life as a developer easier, (even in the future developments, when development crew has changed) &lt;strong&gt;and benefit your clients by saving them time and money in the long run&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.netguru.co/blog/refactoring-why&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.netguru.co/blog/refactoring-why&lt;/a&gt; read this link, it will more helpful you to explain them the why it's need Refactoring .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="16686" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T08:45:56.893" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T08:45:56.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24835" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T08:36:17.263" Score="3" ViewCount="6666" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suppose I have five test cases out of which three are grouped in &quot;Smoke Testing&quot; and two have not been grouped at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have set priority for all my test cases from 1 to 5, will the cases from smoke testing group be evoked in priority?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test (priority=3, groups={&quot;Smoke Testing&quot;})&#xA;p v Test1(){}&#xA;@Test (priority=1, groups={&quot;Smoke Testing&quot;})&#xA;p v Test2(){}&#xA;@Test (priority=2, groups={&quot;Smoke Testing&quot;})&#xA;p v Test3(){}&#xA;@Test (priority=5)&#xA;p v Test4(){}&#xA;@Test (priority=4)&#xA;p v Test5(){}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What will happen if I want to add another group XYZ and added test cases like:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test (priority=2, groups={&quot;XYZ&quot;})&#xA;p v Test6(){}&#xA;@Test (priority=1, groups={&quot;XYZ&quot;})&#xA;p v Test7(){}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22596" LastEditorUserId="16686" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T11:30:44.783" LastActivityDate="2020-05-07T12:51:51.567" Title="How does TestNG priority work for a group?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24835" CreationDate="2017-01-11T10:08:57.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was created sample TestNG Class in which test cases are divided in &lt;strong&gt;'Smoke test'&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;'Regression'&lt;/strong&gt; Groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.testNG;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterGroups;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeGroups;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestNG_Groups &#xA;{&#xA;    @BeforeGroups(&quot;Smoke Test&quot;)&#xA;    public void setup() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Launching URL&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(groups={&quot;Smoke Test&quot;})&#xA;    public void method1() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Method-1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test(groups={&quot;Smoke Test&quot;})&#xA;    public void method2() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Method-2&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(groups={&quot;Smoke Test&quot;})&#xA;    public void method3() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Method-3&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterGroups(&quot;Smoke Test&quot;)&#xA;    public void runfinal1() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Smoke Test End..&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(groups={&quot;Regression&quot;})&#xA;    public void method5() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Method-5&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test(groups={&quot;Regression&quot;})&#xA;    public void method6() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Method-6&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @AfterGroups(&quot;Regression&quot;)&#xA;    public void runfinal2() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Regression Test End..&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dependsOnGroups = {&quot;Smoke Test&quot;,&quot;Regression&quot;})&#xA;    public void tearDown() &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Closing Browser&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OUTPUT:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Launching URL&#xA;Method-1&#xA;Method-2&#xA;Method-3&#xA;Smoke Test End..&#xA;Method-5&#xA;Method-6&#xA;Regression Test End..&#xA;Closing Browser&#xA;PASSED: method1&#xA;PASSED: method2&#xA;PASSED: method3&#xA;PASSED: method5&#xA;PASSED: method6&#xA;PASSED: tearDown&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;    Default test&#xA;    Tests run: 6, Failures: 0, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j0r59.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j0r59.png&quot; alt=&quot;TestNGGroup&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T10:08:57.350" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T10:25:46.290" Score="1" ViewCount="350" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have list of icons in a column , &amp;amp; at a time only one is clickable ,&#xA;but some times icon is not responding/clickable. TO make it clickable we have click refresh button near icon .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23354" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T12:26:25.327" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T05:07:54.283" Title="How to click an element which may require another icon be clicked on first" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24835" CreationDate="2017-01-11T11:34:35.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my version of story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(priority=2, groups={&quot;Smoke&quot;})&#xA;public void Test1(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test 1 -priority=2, Smoke&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=4, groups={&quot;Smoke&quot;})&#xA;public void Test2(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test 2 -priority=4, Smoke&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=1, groups={&quot;Smoke&quot;})&#xA;public void Test3(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test 3 -priority=1, Smoke&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=2, groups={&quot;Reg&quot;})&#xA;public void Test4(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test 4 -priority=2, Reg&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=3, groups={&quot;Reg&quot;})&#xA;public void Test5(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test 5 -priority=3, Reg&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test(priority=4, groups={&quot;Reg&quot;})&#xA;public void Test6(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test 6 -priority=4, Reg&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void Test7(){&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test 7&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output is well explanatory and explains everything. The output is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test 7&#xA;Test 3 -priority=1, Smoke&#xA;Test 1 -priority=2, Smoke&#xA;Test 4 -priority=2, Reg&#xA;Test 5 -priority=3, Reg&#xA;Test 2 -priority=4, Smoke&#xA;Test 6 -priority=4, Reg&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22596" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T12:03:22.563" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T12:03:22.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24838" CreationDate="2017-01-11T11:42:12.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming the icon is always visible, I would just add a step to click the refresh icon first every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T11:42:12.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T12:03:46.370" Score="1" ViewCount="744" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to hand off a selenium session to a browser locally.&#xA;I'd like to run a script and somehow release the session or pause it so that I can resume testing from that point. Is this possible with selenium. I'm not sure if there is a term for this already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23358" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T12:23:54.200" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T15:54:30.723" Title="Is it possible to manually resume a session in selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24842" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24845" CreationDate="2017-01-11T12:23:28.690" Score="1" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am browsing through the web in search of a tool that automatically lets me create screenshots of a given url for a range of different browsers and platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that there is a wide range of online services, but I am looking for a solution that I can install on my own server because of security reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best case scenario:&#xA;I open a simple html page on my server on which I select a range of browsers and apply a URL. Then the server boots up different VMs, one for each browser. Then the server makes full page screenshots, bundles them somehow and presents them to me/the user in some way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked into selenium but as far as I have understood it will only be able to handle Browsers that are installed on my OS, correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The one system I have seen so far that grants what I am looking for is Browsershots, but their code (and documentation) is quite outdated. Which brings me here to this question: Are there any good open source projects out there which can deliver what I need?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23359" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T14:58:50.803" Title="locally hosted cross browser screenshot tool" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24831" CreationDate="2017-01-11T12:58:04.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;It doesn't matter what tool you use to perform a type of test as long as that tool does the job well enough.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit tests by definition test a single code unit in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a class with some properties and business rules expressed as methods on that class, you can unit test both properties and methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing the &lt;em&gt;implementation&lt;/em&gt; of those rules in the application means testing that the inputs from a different layer are correctly passed to the class, and the outputs of business rule interpretation are correctly returned to the other layer. In short, testing the implementation is an integration test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;technique or framework&lt;/em&gt; you use to create and run integration tests can be the same as the technique or framework you use to create and run unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question is using &lt;em&gt;technique or framework&lt;/em&gt; to mean &lt;em&gt;type of test&lt;/em&gt;. I think this is why you are having problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Type of Test&lt;/strong&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;Usually Tested by (framework or person)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit test&lt;/strong&gt; - Unit testing framework with mocks/stubs/shims as placeholders for dependent objects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration Test&lt;/strong&gt; - Unit testing framework instantiating actual dependent objects, BDD Testing Framework (the Given-When-Then frameworks)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional Test&lt;/strong&gt; - GUI testing framework, BDD testing framework, manual tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The type of test being performed does not depend on the tool you use to test it. If the best way to test integration of a business object is to use a unit testing tool, use the unit testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="17854" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T20:31:45.693" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T20:31:45.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24844" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T13:40:59.797" Score="2" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/maGOC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/maGOC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I am connected mysql databse in eclipse.i am trying to test enter ui value is match in databse or not so i have write code for that but i am not getting satisfied output My code is listed below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.sql.*;&#xA;&#xA;import jxl.write.WriteException;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.TestNGException;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;public class Database {&#xA;&#xA;    static final String JDBC_DRIVER = &quot;com.mysql.jdbc.Driver&quot;;  &#xA;     static final String DB_URL = &quot;jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;     static final String USER = &quot;root&quot;;&#xA;     static final String PASS = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    // Connection con;&#xA;    static Statement smt = null;&#xA;&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    ResultSet set;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public static void setup() throws TestNGException, IOException, WriteException&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;E:\\Selenium Jar\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void start() throws SQLException&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        Connection conn = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            Class.forName(&quot;com.mysql.jdbc.Driver&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Connecting to a selected database...&quot;);&#xA;              conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS);&#xA;              System.out.println(&quot;Connected database successfully...&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;              String sql;&#xA;              smt= conn.createStatement();&#xA;              sql=&quot;select * from users&quot;;&#xA;              ResultSet set=smt.executeQuery(sql);&#xA;&#xA;              while(set.next())&#xA;              {&#xA;                  int id=set.getInt(&quot;ID&quot;);&#xA;                  String username=set.getString(&quot;user_login&quot;);&#xA;                  String password=set.getString(&quot;user_pass&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                  System.out.println(&quot;ID-&amp;gt;&quot;+id);&#xA;                  System.out.println(&quot;username-&amp;gt;&quot;+username);&#xA;                  System.out.println(&quot;password-&amp;gt;&quot;+password);&#xA;&#xA;              }&#xA;              set.close();&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } catch (SQLException e) {&#xA;            // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://example.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        String uname=&quot;ghgfhgj&quot;;&#xA;        String upass=&quot;12Abcd&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;log&quot;));&#xA;        username.clear();&#xA;        username.sendKeys(uname);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement pass = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pwd&quot;));&#xA;        pass.clear();&#xA;        pass.sendKeys(upass);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement submit = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Submit&quot;));&#xA;        submit.click();&#xA;&#xA;          String newuserquery = &quot;SELECT * From users where users.user_login=ghgfhgj&quot;;&#xA;         PreparedStatement stat = conn.prepareStatement(newuserquery);&#xA;          stat.setString(1, uname);&#xA;&#xA;          ResultSet set1=stat.executeQuery();&#xA;          while(set1.next())&#xA;          {&#xA;              String newusername = set1.getString(&quot;user_login&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;newusername-&amp;gt;&quot;+newusername);&#xA;&#xA;                    Assert.assertEquals(uname, newusername);&#xA;&#xA;                   }&#xA;&#xA;          }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="21247" LastEditDate="2017-01-12T10:41:43.630" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T10:41:43.630" Title="Database testing error" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-01-12T10:30:32.270" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24842" CreationDate="2017-01-11T14:31:55.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have looked into selenium but as far as I have understood it will only be able to handle Browsers that are installed on my OS, correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browseemall.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowseEmAll&lt;/a&gt;. It is commercial but does what you need: &lt;em&gt;On-Premises, Fast &amp;amp; Secure Cross Browser Testing. Live Testing, Screenshots and Code Analytics On Your Local Machine.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works by installing its own virtual box images with all the browsers and it manages them for you behind the scene.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T14:31:55.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24842" CreationDate="2017-01-11T14:58:50.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I never come up with a open source tool to do your task.so the only way is install all the browsers to your OS and test against them via selenium.&#xA;Other than that of you use some cloud hosted tool ot might not give the exact output that you are looking for.&#xA;So the best way is to use live browsers installed on your PC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T14:58:50.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24841" CreationDate="2017-01-11T15:45:38.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you run the tests on your local machine, just make sure the test-code does not call &lt;code&gt;driver.quit();&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;driver.close();&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;driver.Dispose();&lt;/code&gt;. For example by commenting it out and running only one test. The browser should stay open at the end of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The default browser idle timeout is 30 minutes, this means you should be able to keep working in that browser session for 30 minutes. This should be more than enough for most Selenium/WebDriver debugging things. I guess it is also enough for most exploratory testing sessions. You can extend this default timeout by starting the Selenium server manually with &lt;code&gt;-timeout seconds&lt;/code&gt;, but I can't find the official documentation for this. &lt;a href=&quot;https://siteobservers.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/201989070-Start-selenium-server-with-additional-command-line-arguments&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This page&lt;/a&gt; has some info about the command-line arguments..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just testing it on my localmachine, removed &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; from my test cleanup and notwthe browser is already open for some minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-11T15:54:30.723" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T15:54:30.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24848" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T16:19:45.693" Score="3" ViewCount="6177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having this weird issue where when I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;title = driver.title&#xA;print('Title is: ' + title)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the title returns blank or empty, it returns blank only on Firefox and with our internal website. When I use Chrome on our website it returns the actual title or if I use FF on different websites they all return the title too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This test was running fine until a few weeks ago, Our Developers can't figure out what change might be causing this issue, Of course, I can use Wait but our concern is what else might have broken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17828" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T04:27:58.803" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T07:50:22.347" Title="Python-Selenium: Title is returning empty on website when using Firefox" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22380" CreationDate="2017-01-11T17:01:53.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well , in case you are running Jenkins instance in your local machine , its pretty straightforward. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In build step , add the command you want to run . I suppose if you are&#xA;  using Protractor , it will most probably look like this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just make sure you are putting appropriate path for conf.js. Think of it this way , what command you will type in command prompt to run your script .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Rest of the configuration , you can learn from&#xA;  :[&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jenkins/][1]&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jenkins/][1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[1]: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jenkins/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jenkins/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22123" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T17:01:53.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13780" CreationDate="2017-01-11T17:07:08.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the beginning of your project , feature file should be in Jira .&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once QA and BA agree on feature file , freeze it .&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now , copy this feature file in your code base in a package named&#xA;&quot;features&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Believe me ,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;you always want to keep a versioning on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also , ignore the hate .&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I implemented POM principle for my Page objects as well as feature&#xA;  files , its well maintained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22123" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T17:07:08.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16429" CreationDate="2017-01-11T17:10:14.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the perfect solution for your problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use Page object model .PERIOD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;There will be no further confusion , because you know exactly where code resides.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Some people may still do duplicate efforts , but that can be&#xA;  controlled during strict Code reviews using Crucible or reviewboard&#xA;  etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22123" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T17:10:14.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12777" CreationDate="2017-01-11T17:12:43.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reporting is taken care by Cucumber report but if you are looking for&#xA;  something smooth like QC-QTP combo , you will not find it with cucumber . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The max you will get is that the features which are run using cucumber are stored and tracked in Jira.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22123" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T17:12:43.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24854" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T17:49:04.093" Score="1" ViewCount="282" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my first question in OS and I would describe it in details with my best effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium3.0.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;firefox 45.6.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;geckodriver 0.13.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;python 3.5.1 (with Anaconda 2.4.1 (64bit))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to do is to automate the process of registering a new facebook account. The below code can set values in boxes such as &quot;first name&quot; and &quot;password&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it cannot make any selection from the drop down list, such &quot;day&quot;, &quot;month&quot;, or &quot;year&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-&#xA;&#xA;import selenium&#xA;import time&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select&#xA;from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException&#xA;from selenium.common.exceptions import NoAlertPresentException&#xA;&#xA;from datetime import datetime&#xA;import unittest, time, re&#xA;&#xA;browser = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;browser.get('https://www.facebook.com')&#xA;browser.maximize_window()&#xA;&#xA;browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;u_0_1&quot;).send_keys(&quot;firstName&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;u_0_3&quot;).send_keys(&quot;lastName&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;u_0_5&quot;).send_keys(&quot;testSelenium@email.com&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;u_0_8&quot;).send_keys(&quot;testSelenium@email.com&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;u_0_a&quot;).send_keys(&quot;testpassword&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;month&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;Jan&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;month&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;Feb&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;month&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;Apr&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;month&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;Dec&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;day&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;1&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;day&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;7&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;day&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;11&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;day&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;28&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;year&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;1990&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;year&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;1991&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;year&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;1992&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;Select(browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;year&quot;)).select_by_visible_text(&quot;1993&quot;)&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;&#xA;#select gender&#xA;browser.find_element_by_id(&quot;u_0_i&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23363" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T21:58:32.353" Title="selecting from drop down list using selenium3.0.2 and python3.5.1" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16429" CreationDate="2017-01-11T19:37:54.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;BDD is more than testing; it's purpose is to enhance communication. Scenarios should be created collaboratively, thus, creating a common project vocabulary. For instance, if someone has wrote a logging action in the past and a new feature uses this flow, this person can point out the reusable way to describe the action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One single feature file, for most project, is unmanageable both for reading/search and for developing new steps. As mentioned, separating by features is one way - by user interaction flows is another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since step definitions is code, you should use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seancaffery/step-down&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;static analysis tools&lt;/a&gt; routinely to check for standards downgrades.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T19:37:54.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24858" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-11T20:53:22.410" Score="1" ViewCount="232" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have some end-to-end tests written using WebDriverIO, and mochajs for a web application. Is there a way or tool to reuse these tests in order to create some load tests with various configuration?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17854" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T13:27:09.093" Title="Is there a way to create a load test using existing mochajs tests?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24629" CreationDate="2017-01-11T21:13:52.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think what you are asking is &quot;How do I get Jenkins to trigger a test run and execute my TestNG tests when updates are merged to Git&quot;. Is this correct? If not please clarify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It this is what you are looking for, what you would need to do is set up a Jenkins job that monitors your Git repository. This will show you how to set up polling for a Git repo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.andyfrench.info/2015/03/automatically-triggering-jenkins-build.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.andyfrench.info/2015/03/automatically-triggering-jenkins-build.html&lt;/a&gt;. Keep in mind you'd also need to configure Jenkins to point to your repo. You can do this through the Source Code Management section in your Jenkins job's configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have polling of your repo set up, you would then configure the Build section of your Jenkins job to kick off your tests. You could do this many ways - its really up to you. For example, if you are set up in a Maven project, you could execute the mvn test command to run your tests. It all depends on how you run your tests normally on your local machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14677" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T21:13:52.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24854" CreationDate="2017-01-11T21:58:32.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The above code works well with the following setup:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python3.5.2 (anaconda3 4.2.0)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox 45.6.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;selenium 2.53.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think either selenium3 or the gechodriver has bug on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23363" LastActivityDate="2017-01-11T21:58:32.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24862" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24863" CreationDate="2017-01-12T08:56:12.637" Score="3" ViewCount="1459" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the new features/updates are available in Selenium 3 as compared with Selenium-2.0?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the impacts of using Selenium 3.0? What are the recent errors which were found in Selenium 3.0? You can share Pros and Cons/your experience with the use of Selenium 3.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T12:44:37.210" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T10:23:16.520" Title="Updates in Selenium 3 over Selenium 2" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-01-12T14:26:32.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24862" CreationDate="2017-01-12T09:04:13.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good question, everyone should aware of the new updates and features in Selenium 3. &#xA;As of my experience Selenium 3 has lots changes made in configuration/setup level. Even though we have to use GekoDriver for launching Firefox driver. There is also some browser compatibility restrictions are applied in Selenium 3 like Firefox min version must be 48. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For WebDriver users, it's more of bug fixes and drop-in replacement for 2.x&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Grid bug fixes are done as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium project will not actively support only the WebDriver API.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Selenium RC APIs have been moved to a “legacy” package.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The original code powering Selenium RC has been replaced with something backed by WebDriver, which is also contained in the &quot;legacy&quot; package.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By a quirk of timing, Mozilla has made changes to Firefox that means that from Firefox 48 you must use their geckoDriver to use that browser, regardless of whether you're using Selenium 2 or 3.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read more &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/blog/selenium-3-is-coming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/blog/selenium-3-is-coming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reference Link2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18186" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T10:23:16.520" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T10:23:16.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24864" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-12T09:15:44.203" Score="0" ViewCount="1070" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have made test cases in Jmeter and saved the test plan but when i restart my server and run those testplan i found the errors in samples that your session has expired and i got errors in jsf application due to  view state problem &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23382" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2017-01-12T09:21:19.653" LastActivityDate="2018-08-14T08:44:12.030" Title="javax.faces.viewstate view state problem in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24864" CreationDate="2017-01-12T09:46:55.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to extract the value of &lt;code&gt;javax.faces.viewstate&lt;/code&gt; field (which is basically a hidden input in the response body) of previous request, convert it into a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Variable&lt;/a&gt; and add it as a parameter to the next request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use one of the following PostProcessors for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSS/JQuery_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSS/JQuery Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process of extracting dynamic data and reusing it later in the test script is known as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-load-testing-scenarios-jmeter-part-1-correlations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correlation&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your test plan as well, it automatically handles cookies and will handle and maintain the session for each virtual user&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T09:46:55.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24862" CreationDate="2017-01-12T10:59:22.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Moving &lt;code&gt;Selenium 2&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;selenium 3.0.1&lt;/code&gt; is bit easy take less effort   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumsimplified.com/2016/10/upgrading-to-selenium-3-with-my-first-selenium-project/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Code Changes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the biggest change is that the old Selenium Core libraries will be dropped in 3.0. The focus will shift completely to the WebDriver API. &#xA;For the last six years it has been advised to switch to the newer WebDriver APIs and to stop using the original RC APIs. With Selenium 3.0, the original implementation of RC has been removed, replaced by one that sits on top of WebDriver. For many users, this change will go completely unnoticed, as they’re no longer using the RC APIs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox is only fully supported at &lt;code&gt;version 47.0.1&lt;/code&gt; or earlier. Support&#xA;for later versions of firefox is provided by &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt;, which is&#xA;based on the evolving W3C WebDriver spec, and uses the wire protocol&#xA;in that spec, which is liable to change without notice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;WebDriver API&lt;/code&gt; has grown to be relevant outside of Selenium. It is used in multiple tools for automation. For example, it's used heavily in mobile testing through tools such as Appium and iOS Driver. The W3C standard will encourage compatibility across different software implementations of the WebDriver API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;W3C Working Draft&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many updates please have a look&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/master/java/CHANGELOG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Change Log&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-01-12T11:25:05.733" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T11:25:05.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24867" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-12T13:38:16.830" Score="3" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working with a system that has fairly complicated business logic. It has reasonably good unit, and integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We recently ran into a bug which we had missed. This bug only became apparent as certain business logic only applied after a number of days of a transaction being created. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We knew:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each component worked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User tests passed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The system worked fine on day 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On day x after creation of items a rule would kick in that caused some items to fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had specific tests for the rule, however we did not catch that it would apply to the items we were creating. These were a new type of item which the rule should not apply to. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in tests everything was fine, and looked fine on production but after some time some users had problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would seem a difficult thing to catch before hand. Now I have some tests in place that age the transaction and test that the logic is applied correctly we can stop regressions. But we endeavour to find bugs before production.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any approaches that are used in such situations to try to catch things like this as part of a QA process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23392" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T06:57:24.797" Title="Testing approaches with temporal delays" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24868" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-12T14:19:11.423" Score="2" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are preparing a comparative document for three test tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HP Lean FT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have successfully created a comparative document with lots of comparisons. But there are certain points that we are not finding anywhere on online resources available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is HP LeanFT more a DevTester Tool?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What level of Programming skills needed to use the Tool (can the testers use it, or need to have very good developing skills?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did not found any online resource to start with using LeanFT in Visual Studio for C#? can anyone share if available?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23389" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T16:09:13.230" Title="Is HP LeanFT more a DevTester Tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24867" CreationDate="2017-01-12T14:30:08.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the kind of potential problem that tends to be picked up by testers with a lot of in-depth and broad knowledge of the application when reviewing user stories/use cases/requirements - and it's very easy to miss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the methods I've used to try to catch this kind of problem include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asking which rules are supposed to apply, and then asking for confirmation that other rules should not apply.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A quick check of other related or similar types of items to work out what's different and what works the same way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asking for explicit in scope/out of scope statements to use to guide your testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asking the team about any related functionality you know of and how the new feature interacts with it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, this situation is one where tester serendipity comes into play: the methods I use are intended to try to trigger someone (including me) to think &quot;Oh wait, I didn't think about &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;&quot; and then investigate what should happen with &lt;em&gt;X&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we can't always know in advance what everything should be, there are times when that's the best we can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T14:30:08.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24868" CreationDate="2017-01-12T16:09:13.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes as LeanFT does not include the record and playback functionality that full UFT does.  Saying that all of these tools will require programming skills to some degree to get the most out of them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you Google LeanFT C# there are a number of resources and tutorials avaliable unless I'm missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6074" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T16:09:13.230" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24867" CreationDate="2017-01-12T17:25:47.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like Kate mentioned, these are easy to miss. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many systems have tasks that kick off at certain times. Its good to ask for, or check, the cron tables to see those jobs.  Then you can run a &quot;mid-night&quot; simulation test where you test those jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example was a subscription billing system, where new tasks were fired at monthly intervals (charge the credit card, handle denial, suspend service).  In that system, we ended up investing in a platform that advanced time on the server, and each test case had a time element in the verification.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example, we were testing a system that handed orders that expired.  In that one, we were able to create back dated orders which should expire as soon as we entered them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, for time/date based testing, make sure to cover leap days, and switching to daylight savings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T17:25:47.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23092" CreationDate="2017-01-12T17:58:27.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The cordova application can be run as a website in your localhost.&#xA;So apart from testing the APK or IPA you can run a performance test on the website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-12T17:58:27.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24873" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-13T06:50:34.927" Score="2" ViewCount="16324" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able click on &lt;strong&gt;Pending Verification&lt;/strong&gt; list item&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;ctl00_MainContent_ASPxSplitter1_ASPxNavBar_I0i0_&quot; class=&quot;dxnb-item dxnb-link dxnb-itemSelected&quot; onclick=&quot;__doPostBack('ctl00$MainContent$ASPxSplitter1$ASPxNavBar','CLICK:0i0')&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;dx-vam&quot;&amp;gt;Pending Verification&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;after execute my script it gives following error:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;.//*[@id='ctl00_MainContent_ASPxSplitter1_0']&quot;}&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=55.0.2883.87)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.25.426923 (0390b88869384d6eb0d5d09729679f934aab9eed),platform=Windows NT 10.0.14393 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 155 milliseconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:48:19 -0700'&#xA;System info: host: 'WIN10EDS1', ip: '10.0.0.7', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_112'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, mobileEmulationEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.25.426923 (0390b88869384d6eb0d5d09729679f934aab9eed), userDataDir=C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\scoped_dir1624_29660}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, hasTouchScreen=false, version=55.0.2883.87, platform=XP, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, acceptSslCerts=true, locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;Session ID: d74af3d7991c00c570b7f5cd95dd0e07&#xA;*** Element info: {Using=xpath, value=.//*[@id='ctl00_MainContent_ASPxSplitter1_0']}&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:216)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:168)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:635)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:368)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByXPath(RemoteWebDriver.java:473)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByXPath.findElement(By.java:361)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:360)&#xA;    at WorkAlerts.Links.SubLinks(Links.java:78)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:85)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:639)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:816)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1124)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:108)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:774)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:624)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:359)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:354)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:312)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:261)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1215)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1140)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1048)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:236)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:81)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23403" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T07:06:48.700" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T05:07:39.157" Title="Unable to click on text containing span class" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24875" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25451" CreationDate="2017-01-13T08:00:35.047" Score="2" ViewCount="1504" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been doing selenium automation in C# for almost 1 year. I need to learn &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/natritmeyer/site_prism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;siteprism&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; using &lt;strong&gt;capybara&lt;/strong&gt;. When I was going through the documentation of siteprism i can't relate section with page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have implemented &lt;strong&gt;annotations&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;pagefactory&lt;/strong&gt;. But i cannot relate sections in siteprism with anything in selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23402" LastEditorUserId="23402" LastEditDate="2019-09-07T04:50:25.937" LastActivityDate="2019-09-07T04:50:25.937" Title="What is the use of section in siteprism? Is it similar to page object model of selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24875" CreationDate="2017-01-13T09:17:05.977" Score="-1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;SitePrism gives you a simple, clean and semantic DSL for describing your site using the Page Object Model pattern, for use with Capybara in automated acceptance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Before we go into SitePrism, let’s talk about page objects, because page objects are central to understanding the philosophy behind SitePrism.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A Page Objects Primer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page Objects encapsulate the implementation details of the page (in our example, an HTML document) and expose a specific API that allows you, the tester, to test elements on the page. This encapsulation of details make page objects especially handy as a testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s illustrate this with an example. Here, we have a page object that inherits from the &lt;code&gt;SitePrism::Page&lt;/code&gt; class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(class LoginPage &amp;lt; SitePrism::Page&#xA;  element :username_field, &quot;input[name='username']&quot;&#xA;  element :password_field, &quot;input[name='password']&quot;&#xA;  element :flash, &quot;div.flash&quot;&#xA;&#xA;  def log_in(username, password)&#xA;    username_field.set(username)&#xA;    password_field.set(password)&#xA;    click_on('Log In')&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;class ProfilePage &amp;lt; SitePrism::Page&#xA;  element :flash, &quot;div.flash&quot;&#xA;&#xA;  def flash_message&#xA;    flash.text&#xA;  end&#xA;end)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Let’s see how we can use our example page object:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;( feature 'Login' do&#xA;  let(:login_page) { LoginPage.new }&#xA;&#xA;  before do&#xA;    login_page.load&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  scenario 'a successful login' do&#xA;    profile_page = login_page.log_in('admin', 'password')&#xA;    expect(profile_page.flash_message).to eq(&quot;Ohai! Welcome Admin.&quot;)&#xA;  end&#xA;end )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The above code snippet illustrates how we can use SitePrism’s page objects in our RSpec feature tests.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Getting Site Prism Into Your Project&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Installing Site Prism is a painless affair. In your Gemfile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;( group :test do&#xA;  # ...&#xA;  gem 'rspec-rails', '~&amp;gt; 3.0.0'&#xA;  gem 'capybara-rails'&#xA;  gem 'site_prism'&#xA;  # ...&#xA;end )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note that for the example project, we are going to use RSpec 3. Also, you will need Capybara in order to use SitePrism&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23381" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T15:51:20.013" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T15:51:20.013" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24835" CreationDate="2017-01-13T09:36:35.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG doesn't care about groups at runtime. Then, it will only follow priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Groups are used for the test selection/filtering. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words: TestNG will always follow priority on selected tests and groups are a way to change the test selection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23406" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T09:36:35.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24873" CreationDate="2017-01-13T10:43:47.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Isn't your ID generated anyhow? You could try searching the element using prefix/suffix selectors, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;li[id^='id_prefix_']&quot;));&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.xpath(.//*[@idˆ='id_prefix_']));&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;li[id$='id_suffix_']&quot;));&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.xpath(.//*[@id$='id_suffix_']));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might want to check &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/resources/articles/selenium-tips-css-selectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/resources/articles/selenium-tips-css-selectors&lt;/a&gt;, section &lt;code&gt;SUB-STRING MATCHES&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10518" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T05:07:39.157" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T05:07:39.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24881" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-13T16:15:32.557" Score="3" ViewCount="1727" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem when trying to find many elements in a page. Basically i have 20 identical pages, with slightly different data. Think 20 excel sheets. Page 1 50rows, page 2 100 rows, etc.. each row contains link and some data, and i want to find and make a list of all those links. So i go to page 1, get all links, move on to page 2, page 3, then when im at page which contains lots of rows, it (test) freezes, page stays open forever and there are no errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im pretty sure problem is with FindElements() since this method i use to get links from each sheet/page and it works for ones with fewer elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        List&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; _links = new List&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; links = new List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;        links = d.FindElements(By.PartialLinkText(partialLink)).ToList();&#xA;&#xA;        int i = 0;&#xA;&#xA;        foreach (IWebElement element in _links)&#xA;        {           &#xA;            links.Add(_sellerLinks[i].Get_Attribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;            i++;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works flawlessly when there are 10-40 rows, sometimes fail at 70 rows, and can never get past 'sheet' with 400 rows. If there was problem with code it would fail sooner i think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the limit to FindElements ? Could it fail/freeze and throw no errors ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-01-13T17:32:09.753" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T14:58:03.737" Title="Selenium FindElements() hangs sometimes" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24881" CreationDate="2017-01-13T16:28:00.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;try to keep a temporary array on the class level and for each 50 records or for a each page, put the values to the array and clean the &lt;code&gt;links&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;_links&lt;/code&gt;  variable.&#xA;Then start again from the 2nd page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never came up with this kind of situation hope this will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-13T16:28:00.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24881" CreationDate="2017-01-13T16:38:22.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;some points before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why use a list of IWebELements instead of WebElements?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;d.FindElements&lt;/code&gt; return a &lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElements&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Is it necessary the &lt;code&gt;ToList()&lt;/code&gt; at the end? And why return it to list 'link' that is a List of &lt;code&gt;strings&lt;/code&gt;? You can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List &amp;lt;WebElements&amp;gt; links = d.FindElements(By.PartialLinkText(partialLink));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.What is the _sellerLinks? And in the &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; you can do (the '&lt;code&gt;int i&lt;/code&gt;' is not necessary):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;foreach (IWebElement element in _sellerLinks)&#xA;{           &#xA;    links.Add(element.Get_Attribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[EDITED]&#xA;It's hard to say but I think that the correct code you want is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; _links = d.FindElements(By.PartialLinkText(partialLink)).ToList();&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; links = new List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(); &#xA;&#xA;foreach (IWebElement element in _links)&#xA;{           &#xA;    links.Add(element.Get_Attribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastEditorUserId="18319" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T13:34:44.873" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T13:34:44.873" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24885" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24891" CreationDate="2017-01-13T22:00:38.763" Score="3" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to verify a file has been created locally and need to delete this file as well, how do I do it using JavaScript in TestComplete?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T21:19:57.953" Title="How do I access local directory using TestComplete" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24873" CreationDate="2017-01-14T02:26:10.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error is occurred because the compiler couldn't find the the li element. May be you can wait for the element to appear as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,5);&#xA;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.loctor(item))); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if you want to click on the text in the span element you can try the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(text(), &quot;Pending Verification&quot;)]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='ctl00_MainContent_ASPxSplitter1_ASPxNavBar_I0i0_']/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-01-14T15:37:02.853" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T15:37:02.853" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24692" CreationDate="2017-01-14T06:37:12.760" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add a simple wrapper accessor around the &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; accessor, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(id=&quot;dropdown&quot;)&#xA;WebElement dropdownList;&#xA;&#xA;public Select getSelectOptions() {&#xA;  return new Select(dropdownList);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add helpful getter and setter methods too, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setOption(int value)&#xA;{&#xA;  getSelectOptions().selectByIndex(value);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public String getSelectedOption()&#xA;{&#xA;    return getSelectOptions().getFirstSelectedOption().getText();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the following way we can use &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;Page Factory&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T06:54:33.437" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T06:54:33.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18744" CreationDate="2017-01-14T14:07:40.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a major issue with having a lot of branches (and features) waiting for approval by clients. Mainly if clients do not test immediately and accept the work, the branches will not be merged into the main branch. This is a problem because other features will want to depend on this work and merging branches will become a real drama when your branches diverse for too long. Overall this sounds like a failing strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try to keep just one test branch in which all features are merged continuously. Now to let clients test their requested feature I would suggest to try &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/articles/feature-toggles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;feature toggles&lt;/a&gt;. For each users you enable a feature with a toggle. Now the client can test the feature and when accepted you enable the feature for all users and you prepare it for deployment. This by either removing the feature toggle totally or by just enabling it for some users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do keep in mind that feature toggles are essential &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TechnicalDebt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical debt&lt;/a&gt;. You need to remove them as soon as possible or make them part of a right-system if you want do not want to enable this feature for 100% of the users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now having only one branch with all the finished work simplifies everything a lot, certainly when you have a lot of features that need accepting. Experience learns clients do not make time to accept work, maybe you can skip the test phase all together and just push changes into production by using feature toggles and remove them after you confirm the client is happy. My personal goal is &lt;a href=&quot;https://continuousdelivery.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;deliver continuously&lt;/a&gt;, each commit should go into production to get the fastest feedback as you can. Unless you build life or dead applications, maybe testing in production is not such a good idea then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do think about what is the simplest thing possible and keeping the flow optimised so that developers can keep building on their previous work even if it is not yet accepted. Try to keep the number of open feature branches as low as possible at all times, since this will make the life of developers so much easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T14:07:40.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24873" CreationDate="2017-01-14T14:39:44.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error says your element cannot not be found on the time you request it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unable to locate element&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;  {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;.//[@id='&lt;strong&gt;ctl00_MainContent_ASPxSplitter1_0&lt;/strong&gt;']&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The selector does not match your HTML example: &lt;strong&gt;ctl00_MainContent_ASPxSplitter1_ASPxNavBar_I0i0_&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;ctl00_MainContent_ASPxSplitter1_0&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Partial matches and or difference do not work, you need exact matches, unless you make your selector smarter with wildcards: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.mozilla.org/webqa/2013/09/26/writing-reliable-locators-for-selenium-and-webdriver-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blog.mozilla.org/webqa/2013/09/26/writing-reliable-locators-for-selenium-and-webdriver-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other things to check when debugging Selenium WebDriver issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the selector correct, load the page in chrome, use the selector in the console with &lt;code&gt;$x('your selector')&lt;/code&gt;. Also check: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22571267/how-to-verify-an-xpath-expression-in-chrome-developers-tool-or-firefoxs-firebug&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22571267/how-to-verify-an-xpath-expression-in-chrome-developers-tool-or-firefoxs-firebug&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the element there on the time you check, since findelement does not wait for the element. If it is not there it just throws this exception NoSuchElement, you have to implement a wait: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20077860/selenium-webdriver-explicit-wait&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20077860/selenium-webdriver-explicit-wait&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T14:44:47.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24885" CreationDate="2017-01-14T21:19:57.953" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried using: aqFileSystem object? With it, you can&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find a file / directory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modify a file / directory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete a file / directory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a file / directory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer to this link for more information &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/testcomplete/docs/reference/program-objects/aqfilesystem/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;aqFileSystem doc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-14T21:19:57.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24682" CreationDate="2017-01-15T01:29:19.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can inject a link on the current page that opens in a new window/tab. Then switch to the new window handle. Here is the C# code I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;    /// Injects a link on the current page and then clicks on that link (which opens a new tab).&#xA;    /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;    public static void OpenUrlInNewTab(IWebDriver driver, string url)&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Define the script&#xA;        string script = &quot;var d=document,a=d.createElement('a');a.target='_blank';a.href='&quot; + url + &quot;';a.innerHTML='.';d.body.appendChild(a);return a;&quot;;&#xA;        // Execute the JavaScript&#xA;        IWebElement element = (IWebElement)((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(script);&#xA;        // Click the new element&#xA;        element.Click();&#xA;        // Switch to the new tab&#xA;        driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles.Last());&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T20:31:43.610" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T20:31:43.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24895" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-15T13:41:47.120" Score="1" ViewCount="613" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to automate the UI testing of an application with &lt;code&gt;Intern js&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am having a problem finding the way to wait until the page is fully loaded. After researching for a while, I found that &lt;code&gt;pollUntil&lt;/code&gt; might be the solution I'm looking for but that too doesn't seem to work (maybe my implementation is wrong). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently &lt;em&gt;my code doesn't wait at all&lt;/em&gt;. Can someone please help me with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; define([&#xA;  'intern!object',&#xA;  'intern/chai!assert',&#xA;  'Automation/ConfigFiles/dataurl',&#xA;  'Automation/pages/login/loginpage',&#xA;  'intern/dojo/node!fs',&#xA;  'intern/dojo/node!leadfoot/helpers/pollUntil'&#xA;   ], function (registerSuite, assert,dataurl, LoginPage,fs,pollUntil) {&#xA;     registerSuite(function () {&#xA;      var loginPage;&#xA;      var values;&#xA;      return {&#xA;         setup: function () {&#xA;            var data = fs.readFileSync(loginpage, 'utf8');&#xA;            json=JSON.parse(data);&#xA;            console.log('###########Setting Up Login Page Test##########')&#xA;            this.remote&#xA;             .get(require.toUrl(json.locator.URL))&#xA;           .then(pollUntil(this.remote.findById('uname').isDisplayed(),6000)// here i want  to wait until page is loaded&#xA;.waitForDeletedByClassName('loading').end().sleep(600000)// here i want to wait until loading component is disappered&#xA;    values = json.values;&#xA;    loginPage = new LoginPage(this.remote,json.locator);&#xA;   },&#xA;'successful login': function () {&#xA;    console.log('##############Login Success Test############')&#xA;    return loginPage&#xA;        .login(values.unamevalue,values.pwdvalue)&#xA;      },&#xA;&#xA;// …additional tests…&#xA;     };&#xA;   });&#xA;  });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23420" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T05:07:32.163" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T05:07:32.163" Title="How to Wait until page is fully loaded with Intern js" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18720" CreationDate="2017-01-16T03:28:39.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was also looking for a tool like this and couldn't find one anywhere so I built something for this purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if it suits your needs but I thought I would share it in case it helps anyone. It's &quot;quick and dirty&quot; but it should do the trick for some uses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does use Twilio as the SMS provider but it should still provide reliable test results since the messages still need to leave Twilio's infrastructure and traverse the SMS network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sms-scope.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SMS-Scope&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23425" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T03:28:39.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24898" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-16T04:55:24.427" Score="3" ViewCount="1453" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created my test script using &lt;code&gt;Selenium 3, C#&lt;/code&gt; and for the browser &lt;code&gt;Firefox v49&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run my test using &lt;code&gt;Visual Studio 14&lt;/code&gt; it works properly and executes accordingly, but I want to use &lt;code&gt;MS Test command-line arguments&lt;/code&gt; in order to run the test DLL file so that I wouldn't need to open Visual Studio to execute my test. Unfortunately when I run it off a bat file which I created for the tests, all the tests fail to execute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My bat file script is noted below:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`cd &amp;quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\IDE&amp;quot;&#xA;&#xA;mstest /testcontainer:&amp;quot;C:\Users\tmh\Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Projects\FocusCREAnalytics\FocusCREAnalytics\bin\Debug\FocusCREAnalytics.dll`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;quot;FocusCREAnalytics.dll&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; contains my test project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone tell me if they have experienced a similar situation before and how they rectified it? When I check the trx file there's an error which states that the &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt; does not exist, but if that's the case then how come when I run the tests through visual studios it works but not off the bat file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23427" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T11:55:04.837" LastActivityDate="2020-07-14T11:55:04.837" Title="Issue executing Selenium/C# Test script via MS Test &amp; Command Line Arguments" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24900" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-16T10:44:29.960" Score="1" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing an issue where TEXT property is in UPPERCASE in Android OS 7 while in OS 6 the same property is shown in Sentence Case for the same application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qBizB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qBizB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest why this is happening ? Please share if you have come across the same thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="18750" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T07:25:43.933" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T07:25:43.933" Title="Are the TEXT locators different in android 6.0 and android 7.0 for Alert box?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24757" CreationDate="2017-01-16T16:03:31.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most common path is: &lt;strong&gt;Ready for QA&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;In testing&lt;/strong&gt; -&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Done&lt;/strong&gt; (or reopened). I can hardly see a need to add any additional stages here. Maybe you could need them when testing a big part of functionality. Then, for example, you could use such steps as: &quot;Under Smoke testing&quot;, &quot;Under load testing&quot; etc. If there is a bunch of test cases and some of them are automated, then the &quot;In testing&quot; phase can be divided into &quot;Manual&quot; and &quot;Automated&quot; parts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, in my opinion, additional phases should only be added when you &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; need them to get everything organized. Otherwise they can just make everything too complicated. People would sometimes mistake one for another etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21186" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T16:03:31.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22685" CreationDate="2017-01-16T16:50:04.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a much easiest way to use the random generator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//for letters&#xA;public String generateRandomString(int length){&#xA;    return RandomStringUtils.randomAlphabetic(length);&#xA;} &#xA;&#xA;//for numbers&#xA;public String generateRandomNumber(int length){&#xA;    return RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(length);&#xA;}  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then just use: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void YourUniqueName(){&#xA;    driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(&quot;Name&quot; +&quot; - &quot;+&quot;Test&quot; + &quot; - &quot; + RandomStringUtils.randomAlphabetic(3) + RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(3));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23421" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:41:18.580" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:41:18.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24867" CreationDate="2017-01-16T18:04:41.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This looks like a problem with test data. It is often a difficult task to generate enough of test data in order to catch some defects which only appear together with heave workload, for example. Test data might have several parameters which could cause trouble: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;number of objects: e.g. having too many registered users may cause loss of older accounts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unusual parameter(s) of a certain object: e.g. a 255-symbols long name or bank account with less than zero money&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;age of an object: this is what caused your problem as far as I understand; etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such occasions can be covered within the stress testing scope. You just have to define parameters which are likely to generate defects in case of reaching some borderline value(s), on beforehand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21186" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T18:04:41.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24906" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24907" CreationDate="2017-01-16T22:50:09.290" Score="3" ViewCount="19430" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to get the Xpath of a label text in a web page that I am trying to automate. The application is angular based, so there are a lot of angular related stuff on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I am trying to automate this using Selenium and Python. The element in question is the error message highlighted in the image -&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p7foD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p7foD.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The html pertaining to the error message is highlighted in the section below. What would be suitable locator for this element? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried a lot of combinations- using Xpaths and CSS,  but I am coming up empty handed. The absolute xpath - which is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;html/body/app-root/ng-component/div/div/div[2]/form/div[2]/div/label&lt;/code&gt; is the only one that works for this case, but I don't want to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the combinations that I have tried - using Xpath's&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//form[@class='ng-untouched']/div[2]/div/label&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='login-inner']/div/label&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both of these don't work and Selenium throws a &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElement&lt;/code&gt; exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using CSS Selector, I used this -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;.login-inner.ui-g-12 div label&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any kind of help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2020-04-03T07:36:38.590" Title="Getting correct locator for an angular page element" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24906" CreationDate="2017-01-16T23:20:24.193" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason the first two don't work is because you didn't include the full class value for either the form or div element in your xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//form[@class='ng-untouched ng-pristine ng-valid']/div[2]/div/label&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//form[contains(@class,'ng-untouched')]/div[2]/div/label&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the use of contains() to match against a partial value. I've found this to be very useful when working against angular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But why not simply get the label itself using the text property?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//label[text()='password required']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastEditorUserId="23440" LastEditDate="2017-01-16T23:30:16.553" LastActivityDate="2017-01-16T23:30:16.553" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20537" CreationDate="2017-01-17T06:49:33.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/kirbycope/watt-javafx/wiki&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WATT&lt;/a&gt; is a JavaFX based automation tool I develop in my free time. It is similar to Selenium IDE and runs Selenese tests using the JavaFX WebView.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T06:49:33.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24867" CreationDate="2017-01-17T06:57:24.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the perspective of an automated tester, these are the approaches I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Artificially age your test data to make the system think that records are older than they are&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a test hook that triggers the time-based job on-demand&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ensure sure clocks/timers etc used by the application/s are injectable (maybe via a DI framework) or modifiable, so that time sensitive application behaviour can be faked - e.g. leap days, leap seconds midnight etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sometimes requires modifying the product, or allowing tests  to have direct access to backend persistence layers (which is often a bad thing for maintainability, depending on the stability of data schemas etc.) However, achieving reliable, independent, run-any-time tests is often a more important goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are dealing with complex system tests that want to check the interactions between all parts of the system, then this sounds like something that might best be handled by carefully monitored soak testing with a range of behaviours and timezones/states applied to different deployments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7575" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T06:57:24.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24913" CreationDate="2017-01-17T07:26:15.703" Score="1" ViewCount="1225" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in selenium with page object design pattern. I have got a feedback about my code and I want to make my code better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code Review&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;You need to keep the test data separately.  Not scattering all over&#xA;  the script. Keep the test data in JSON.  And read it from there where&#xA;  ever it is necessary.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Data&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Test data should be separate from the rest of the automation code. The&#xA;  reason is this: if you do not separate your test data, as you add new&#xA;  tests you will duplicate field identifiers and the data to enter. When&#xA;  there is a change to the code, you will have a maintenance nightmare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if your test data is in a separate, non-compiled format, it's a lot easier for other people to add new tests. If the data format for each type of test is clearly defined, all that's needed to add an iteration of a test is to edit a text file and add a new row of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anybody, please show an example? And above mentioned test data is using with the data provider, is it right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T09:59:04.420" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:13:49.193" Title="Test data should be separate from the rest of the automation code" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-17T16:39:16.573" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24910" CreationDate="2017-01-17T09:00:38.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on the feedback you got, it seems that you keep your test data scattered all over your script. What your code reviewer means is that it will be much better if you separate your test data in JSON file, not directly put the value of your test data with your script/code. You could easily change the value of any given field/parameter you want to change for other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an example of a Customer Form JSON file which you might see used to store configuration settings to setup your system. It might also be used to contain record information which can be easily shared across components using the simple JSON format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;     &quot;firstName&quot;: &quot;John&quot;,&#xA;     &quot;lastName&quot;: &quot;Smith&quot;,&#xA;     &quot;age&quot;: 25,&#xA;     &quot;address&quot;:&#xA;     {&#xA;         &quot;streetAddress&quot;: &quot;21 2nd Street&quot;,&#xA;         &quot;city&quot;: &quot;New York&quot;,&#xA;         &quot;state&quot;: &quot;NY&quot;,&#xA;         &quot;postalCode&quot;: &quot;10021&quot;&#xA;     },&#xA;     &quot;phoneNumber&quot;:&#xA;     [&#xA;         {&#xA;           &quot;type&quot;: &quot;home&quot;,&#xA;           &quot;number&quot;: &quot;212 555-1234&quot;&#xA;         },&#xA;         {&#xA;           &quot;type&quot;: &quot;fax&quot;,&#xA;           &quot;number&quot;: &quot;646 555-4567&quot;&#xA;         }&#xA;     ]&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could learn more about JSON &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.json.org/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/js/js_json_intro.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;a href=&quot;http://jsonlint.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is a useful website to validate your JSON file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22534" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T09:00:38.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20537" CreationDate="2017-01-17T09:33:38.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; for the JavaFX WebView test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli provides &lt;em&gt;screenshot-based testing&lt;/em&gt; just like &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu&lt;/a&gt; but it runs on the desktop (Kantu only works with Chromium). It automates anything you see on the screen and uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So by design, it can automate any application. And if you know a bit of Python, it is easy to use and powerful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli is available for Mac, Linux and Windows. It is free/open-source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T09:33:38.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24910" CreationDate="2017-01-17T09:35:10.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;You need to keep the test data separately. Not scattering all over the script. Keep the test data in Json. And read it from there where ever it is necessary.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are your test data bound to the test environment and system under test?&lt;/strong&gt; For instance, if you are reusing in your tests data that are defined in the system you test, then it's good to keep them in one place. This makes maintenance easier, e.g., when you want actual test user gets removed from the system, then you have only one place to update. It also makes easier to reuse same test data across different tests, e.g., same test user. &#xA;However, if each of your tests is using different test data and those data are not bound to the system, it might be better to keep your test data closer to the test class. Otherwise, by updating test data for one test you may break another test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, if your test data is in a separate, non-compiled format, it's a lot easier for other people to add new tests. If the data format for each type of test is clearly defined, all that's needed to add an iteration of a test is to edit a text file and add a new row of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do you really have non-technical tests that will be adding new test data entries?&lt;/strong&gt; In a flight domain I worked we had less technical tests that were aware of booking flight format and it was easier for them to understand separate test data files than reading code would be. Where I work now we have more technical testers to work and writing test data in a separate Java class seems more natural to us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are your test data easier to read in a from of separate files?&lt;/strong&gt; For instance, it was  useful for me to keep flight bookings as separate XML files when I was working in a flight domain. On the other hand, where I work now, it's more natural to describe test data in same programming language as the rest of the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How complex is updating your test data?&lt;/strong&gt; If your test data are in the same programming language as your test scripts, then many things become easier:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;finding which tests are using given piece of test data with just one click in your IDE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;refactoring test data structure will be easier with just one click &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of same data that Lesmana Sitepu described, but this time as a Java class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestUsers {&#xA;&#xA; public static final JOHN_SMITH = new User()&#xA;   .firstName(&quot;John&quot;)&#xA;   .lastName(&quot;Smith&quot;)&#xA;   .with(new Address()&#xA;    .streetAddress(&quot;21 2nd Street&quot;)&#xA;    .city(&quot;New York&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T12:13:49.193" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:13:49.193" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24914" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24915" CreationDate="2017-01-17T10:42:53.283" Score="0" ViewCount="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;After installing &lt;a href=&quot;http://testadore.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestAdore&lt;/a&gt;, the tests (TA files) are automatically executed when double clicked in Explorer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is typically ok, but right now I'm in the test definition phase, so I'd like to edit them by default instead of running them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to edit them by default?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T11:51:47.803" Title="Editing TestAdore scripts by default" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24914" CreationDate="2017-01-17T10:42:53.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's possible by changing the file associations in the Registry, e.g. to Notepad++&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00&#xA;&#xA;[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.ta]&#xA;@=&quot;TestAdoreTest&quot;&#xA;&#xA;[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\TestAdoreTest]&#xA;@=&quot;TestAdore Test Case&quot;&#xA;&#xA;[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\TestAdoreTest\shell]&#xA;&#xA;[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\TestAdoreTest\shell\open]&#xA;&#xA;[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\TestAdoreTest\shell\open\command]&#xA;@=&quot;\&quot;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Notepad++\\notepad++.exe\&quot; \&quot;%1\&quot;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found it convenient to have another entry in the context menu to be able to run them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00&#xA;&#xA;[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\TestAdoreTest\shell\exec]&#xA;@=&quot;Run with TestAdore Performer&quot;&#xA;&#xA;[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\TestAdoreTest\shell\exec\command]&#xA;@=&quot;\&quot;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\WelliSolutions\\TestAdore\\PerformerXml.exe\&quot; \&quot;%1\&quot;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T10:42:53.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24916" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24929" CreationDate="2017-01-17T11:35:03.603" Score="4" ViewCount="10250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one difficult scenario for automation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to run one test cases for 100 different URLs/Domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Precondition  :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Script is &lt;strong&gt;generalize and running individualit&lt;/strong&gt;y properly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of &lt;strong&gt;TestNG&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Selenium Webdriver&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different test data needed for every &lt;code&gt;tesng.xml&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I fulfill my purpose for running one scripts in single run&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;for all &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; or single test case ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide inputs so I can start working on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2019-11-19T21:20:33.677" Title="How to run same test case of testng on 100 different URL/Domain?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24917" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24919" CreationDate="2017-01-17T12:16:13.160" Score="-1" ViewCount="1080" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried installing VS2015 community edition and professional edition both. In the tutorials , there is a option for CodedUI available in Visual C# &gt; Test . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bG8JN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bG8JN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22123" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:34:01.883" Title="For Test Scripts , Coded UI Option not available in Visual studio 2015" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-18T10:40:40.310" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24916" CreationDate="2017-01-17T12:23:38.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you store your 100 different website URLs into an Excel spreadsheet and run your test using data driven tests with each URL as input each time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:23:38.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24917" CreationDate="2017-01-17T12:34:01.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to have &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Visual Studio Enterprise Edition&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; See &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/vs/compare/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/vs/compare/&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/uktechnet/2016/03/16/6-differences-between-vs-2015-enterprise-and-pro/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;differences between Professional and Enterprise&lt;/a&gt; versions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6407" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T12:34:01.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24906" CreationDate="2017-01-17T15:06:57.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use selenium  IDE.&#xA;Record the same test steps and get the highlighted message.&#xA;Right click and make a assertion on that text.&#xA;Go to the code and check how selenium IDE handles it.&#xA;Use the same on your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T15:06:57.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24921" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-17T15:14:03.177" Score="1" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I have a class/object/component, and I test its API directly, in complete isolation, mocking/stubbing any complex parameters on which it depends, it's called a Unit Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have a whole application made up of classes/objects/components, a user interface, and all sorts, and I test its behaviour through a certain journey (with no parts being mocked/stubbed) it's called an End-to-end test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I implement a new feature, and I write a test which interacts with the highest level of the application which has an effect on that feature (and thus include multiple classes/objects/components, but not necessarily all of them, and &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; need to mock/stub some components)... &lt;strong&gt;what name would &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; give to this type of test?&lt;/strong&gt; (I realise I am taking part in BDD/TDD, but what is the name of the type of test I have written?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Behaviour test? Spec test? Integration test? Something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23454" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T18:31:25.147" Title="What is the correct, conventional name for a test written via BDD" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24922" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24927" CreationDate="2017-01-17T15:50:40.190" Score="0" ViewCount="21" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I disable this iOS feature where a numeric string &gt; 9 characters results in an automatic hyperlink which when pressed begins to auto dial the numbers? I looked but didn't see config setting on the phone to control this feature. Has anyone else ran into this? Our app can handle an employee badge up to 20 digits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-01-17T22:12:47.707" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T22:12:47.707" Title="iOS - numeric string &gt; 9 char - user can press and a number is dialed" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-27T13:52:06.380" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24921" CreationDate="2017-01-17T17:26:44.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under most circumstances this would be considered an &lt;strong&gt;integration&lt;/strong&gt; test, but what it actually gets called will depend on your environment. I've known environments that would consider the type of test you describe a &lt;strong&gt;functional&lt;/strong&gt; test, others, if you were dealing primarily with an API regardless of what the back end of the API did would call it an &lt;strong&gt;API test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion the &lt;strong&gt;most important&lt;/strong&gt; aspect of what you call the test is that &lt;strong&gt;everyone you communicate with knows what you mean when you name that type of test&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T17:26:44.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24925" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-17T17:32:05.590" Score="3" ViewCount="182" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying my hands at intern.js to automate my UI test. And I want to some test to run on a separate browser, i.e&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open new browser run test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;close browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I'm unable to figure out when or where does intern script open browser, and how can I open a new browser window by running selenium script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Heres my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;intern.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   define({&#xA;proxyPort: 9000,&#xA;proxyUrl: 'http://localhost:9000/',&#xA;capabilities: {&#xA;    'selenium_version': '2.48.2',&#xA;}, &#xA;environments: [&#xA;    { browserName: 'chrome', version: '48', platform: [ 'WINDOWS' ] },&#xA;],&#xA;maxConcurrency: 3,&#xA;&#xA;tunnel: 'NullTunnel',&#xA; reporters: [&#xA;     {id:'Runner'},&#xA;        {id:'Console'},&#xA;    ], &#xA;   Loaders: {&#xA;    'host-node': 'dojo/dojo',&#xA;    'host-browser': 'node_modules/dojo/dojo.js'&#xA;},&#xA;loaderOptions: {&#xA;    packages: [ { name: 'intern-tutorial', location: '.' } ]&#xA;},&#xA;functionalSuites: [&#xA;'Automation/test/login/loginpagetest'&#xA;],&#xA;defaultTimeout: 610000,&#xA;excludeInstrumentation: /^(?:tests|node_modules)\//&#xA; });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;loginpagetest.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; // in tests/functional/index.js&#xA;define([&#xA;'intern!object',&#xA;'intern/chai!assert',&#xA;'Automation/ConfigFiles/dataurl',&#xA;'Automation/pages/login/loginpage',&#xA;'intern/dojo/node!fs',&#xA;'intern/dojo/node!leadfoot/helpers/pollUntil'&#xA;], function (registerSuite, assert,dataurl, LoginPage,fs,pollUntil) {&#xA;registerSuite(function () {&#xA;    var loginPage;&#xA;    var values;&#xA;    return {&#xA;        // on setup, we create an IndexPage instance&#xA;        // that we will use for all the tests&#xA;        setup: function () {&#xA;            var data = fs.readFileSync(loginpage, 'utf8');&#xA;            json=JSON.parse(data);&#xA;            console.log('####################Setting Up Login Page Test#######################')&#xA;            values = json.values;&#xA;           return this.remote&#xA;                .get(require.toUrl(json.locator.URL)).setFindTimeout(6000000000).sleep(5000)&#xA;        },&#xA;&#xA;        'successful login': function () {&#xA;            console.log('####################Login Success Test#######################')&#xA;            loginPage = new LoginPage(this.remote,json.locator);&#xA;             loginPage&#xA;                .login(values.unamevalue,values.pwdvalue)&#xA;            var loginSuccess = loginPage.isLoginSuccess();&#xA;            assert.isTrue(loginSuccess, 'Login Failed');&#xA;         },&#xA;        'failed login': function () {&#xA;          // test faild login&#xA;        },&#xA;      };&#xA;    });&#xA; });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;loginpage.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  define(function (require) {&#xA;  &#xA;   function LoginPage(remote,locator) {&#xA;    this.remote = remote;&#xA;    this.locator = locator;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;LoginPage.prototype = {&#xA;    constructor: LoginPage,&#xA;&#xA;    login: function (username, password) {&#xA;        return this.remote&#xA;            .findById(this.locator.uname)&#xA;            .then(function () {&#xA;                return true;&#xA;            })&#xA;            .type(username).click() // for QABOX //&#xA;            .end()&#xA;            .findById(this.locator.nextbtn).sleep(3000)&#xA;            .click().end()&#xA;            .findById(this.locator.pwd).sleep(3000)&#xA;            .type(password).click()&#xA;            .end()&#xA;            .findById(this.locator.login).click()&#xA;            .end()&#xA;    },&#xA;    isLoginSuccess:function() {&#xA;        return this.remote.findById('dashboard');&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;  return LoginPage;&#xA; });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the loginpage test, I want to run &lt;code&gt;successfull login&lt;/code&gt; in the seperate browser and close browser when the test is complete and &lt;code&gt;failed login&lt;/code&gt; in another browser and close browser when the test is complete/ How can I achieve that? Can any one help??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23420" LastEditorUserId="23420" LastEditDate="2020-09-15T14:31:46.960" LastActivityDate="2020-09-15T14:31:46.960" Title="When and where does Intern.js opens browser and how to open a new browser by using intern script" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24921" CreationDate="2017-01-17T18:31:25.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It could be called a &lt;strong&gt;Feature test&lt;/strong&gt; or a &quot;&lt;strong&gt;functionary test&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature&lt;/strong&gt;: a distinctive attribute or aspect of something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functionality&lt;/strong&gt;: the quality of being suited to serve a purpose well;&#xA;practicality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as Kate pointed out, what do you name it is far less important than how everyone should agree to name it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T18:31:25.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24922" CreationDate="2017-01-17T22:11:51.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how iOS is interpreting the field in your (presumably web) application. According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/content/featuredarticles/iPhoneURLScheme_Reference/PhoneLinks/PhoneLinks.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this Apple Developer&lt;/a&gt; page you can disable telephone number detection in Safari on iOS, by using the format-detection meta tag as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;meta name = &quot;format-detection&quot; content = &quot;telephone=no&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also appears this question has been asked a few times across a few different sites:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/226131/how-to-disable-phone-number-linking-in-mobile-safari&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/226131/how-to-disable-phone-number-linking-in-mobile-safari&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3736807/how-do-i-remove-the-blue-styling-of-telephone-numbers-on-iphone-ios&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3736807/how-do-i-remove-the-blue-styling-of-telephone-numbers-on-iphone-ios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/1201/how-to-stop-ipad-safari-from-treating-certain-numbers-as-phone-numbers&quot;&gt;https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/1201/how-to-stop-ipad-safari-from-treating-certain-numbers-as-phone-numbers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T22:11:51.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12703" CreationDate="2017-01-17T22:42:01.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best option is to not rely on the console for recording your test results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins has the ability to output the test results using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/JUnit+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUNIT Plugin&lt;/a&gt;. Install the plugin (if it's not already) and then add a post build action and publish as a JUnit test result report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you could use a separate test reporting framework like &lt;a href=&quot;http://allure.qatools.ru/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Allure&lt;/a&gt;. Here's an &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/59-html-reporting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example of how to use Allure&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-01-17T22:42:01.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24916" CreationDate="2017-01-18T06:47:11.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I hope this code will give you some logic understanding and configure&#xA;  this code according to your requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use one &lt;code&gt;xml file&lt;/code&gt; in which you have to pass all hundred url in any tag and use them by below method &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public class test {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;         List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; Url = getData(&quot;Urls&quot;, 100);&#xA;        driver.get(seturl);&#xA;         // further test case coding&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; getData(String Data, int size) {&#xA;&#xA;        String[] st = null;&#xA;        File xmlfile = new File(System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;) + &quot;\\Resource.xml&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(xmlfile);&#xA;        DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();&#xA;        try {&#xA;            DocumentBuilder dbuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();&#xA;            Document doc = dbuilder.parse(xmlfile);&#xA;&#xA;            NodeList list = doc.getElementsByTagName(Data);&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;length of  : &quot; + list.getLength());&#xA;            st = new String[list.getLength()];&#xA;            for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; list.getLength(); i++) {&#xA;&#xA;                st[i] = doc.getElementsByTagName(Data).item(i).getTextContent();&#xA;                System.out.println(st[i]);&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; data = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;        return data;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here is resoucre.xml file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;TestData&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;Urls&amp;gt;url1&amp;lt;/Urls&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;Urls&amp;gt;url2&amp;lt;/Urls&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;Urls&amp;gt;url3&amp;lt;/Urls&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;Urls&amp;gt;url4&amp;lt;/Urls&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/TestData&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T09:42:51.303" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T09:42:51.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24930" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-18T07:45:02.473" Score="1" ViewCount="448" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm migrating from MicroFocus Silk to Ranorex. Compared to Silk, the Ranorex tests seem to be slower. How can I improve performance of Ranorex recordings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T07:45:02.473" Title="How can I increase the performance of Ranorex tests?" Tags="&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24930" CreationDate="2017-01-18T07:45:02.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In recordings, you often have KeySequences. For those, you have the following options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;merge KeySequences that have been split into different steps. You can change the split time in Settings/Recorder Defaults.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce the duration of the KeySequence (in step properties)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reduce the delay before pressing KeySequences (in Settings/Advanced)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application does not react on single keypress events, you can also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;code&gt;Set Text&lt;/code&gt; instead of KeySequences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore you can&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enable Turbo Mode&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;disable item logging (you can change the default in Settings / Recorder Defaults)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;disable debugging&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T07:45:02.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24932" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-18T07:59:33.043" Score="0" ViewCount="1561" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriverService service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@&quot;.\&quot;,&quot;geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That was my code.&#xA;I have my &lt;code&gt;geckodriver.exe&lt;/code&gt; at the root folder, where my test DLL file is available. &lt;em&gt;(inside bin\Debug)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code is not working because it can't find the &lt;code&gt;geckodriver.exe&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;So how am I giving the relative path to &lt;code&gt;geckodriver.exe&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T07:01:25.537" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T07:01:25.537" Title="Setting relative path in Geckodriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24933" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-18T09:13:03.890" Score="1" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any online Web application with known bugs that I could use to verify candidate's skills in troubleshooting?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In particular I am looking for something that will allow a candidate to demonstrate understanding of HTTP traffic with Developer Tools/Network, Firebug or similar tools in a Web browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T13:00:28.353" LastActivityDate="2019-11-23T12:01:10.310" Title="Online application with a bug to learn troubleshooting of HTTP traffic" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24934" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-18T10:02:41.950" Score="1" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am performing A/B testing using optimizely. Testing one of the variation in firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Text typed is invisible in search box for the variation experiment. This is happening in Firefox only. No issues when i tested in chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any reasons this? Also how can i fix this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastActivityDate="2019-01-09T09:36:07.243" Title="Text passed in the search box is invisible in firefox- A/B testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24932" CreationDate="2017-01-18T10:10:41.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, you should find &lt;code&gt;geckodriver.exe&lt;/code&gt; then copy its path as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hold down the &lt;kbd&gt;Shift&lt;/kbd&gt; key, then right-click the document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the context menu that appears, find and click Copy as path. This copies the file location to the clipboard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Press &lt;kbd&gt;ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;v&lt;/kbd&gt; to paste in the file location to code below you should change &quot;/&quot; to  &quot;\&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Before&#xA;&#xA;  public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\recepc\\Desktop\\geckodriver-v0.11.1-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    baseUrl = &quot;https://www.google.com.tr/&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T12:37:07.247" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T12:37:07.247" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24916" CreationDate="2017-01-18T10:27:27.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) Store your urls, and test data somewhere (like xml, text file, excel or in other class)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) At start of your test read them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Run test, but catch problems and Store fail / pass for each url, unless you want test to break at first error    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;heres a simplified pseudo example i think id write to do what i think you want to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;list getUrlFromFile(file){&#xA;&#xA;    //Get urls from file somehow&#xA;&#xA;    return list&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;Test&#xA;&#xA;void TestMethod(){&#xA;&#xA;    list Url = getUrlFromFile();&#xA;&#xA;    list Passed = new list;&#xA;&#xA;    for each (string url in Url) {&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;            //Go to url&#xA;            //Test  &#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        catch (problem){&#xA;&#xA;            //log problem&#xA;            //skip and continue for next url        &#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        Passed.Add(Url)&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Assert Length of Passed = Length of Url, otherwise test failed&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-01-18T10:43:59.623" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T10:43:59.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-18T11:18:17.917" Score="2" ViewCount="1295" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my application flow, a new tab is opened in Google Chrome after clicking a button, I want to fire more click events and test the application in this new tab but the click events are not getting fired. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is what I have tried so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IBrowser myNewTab = BrowserFactory.Attach(new BrowserDescription&#xA;{&#xA;    Title = &quot;MyNewTabTitle&quot;&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;IWebElement newTabObject = myNewTab.Describe&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;(new WebElementDescription&#xA; {&#xA;     XPath = &quot;XPath_Of_My_Control_On_New_Tab&quot;&#xA; });&#xA;newTabObject.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after executing this I am still getting the error as, threw exception: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HP.LFT.SDK.ReplayObjectNotFoundException: attachApplication&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried to apply different properties for &lt;code&gt;newTabObject&lt;/code&gt; like &lt;code&gt;Title&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Url&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23389" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T04:28:41.700" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T06:50:56.670" Title="Firing event on new tab of browser in LeanFt using C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18775" CreationDate="2017-01-18T12:03:11.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think this will happen because HP has their own test management tool and don't seem to want to support others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16340" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T12:03:11.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24940" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24943" CreationDate="2017-01-18T15:49:20.547" Score="2" ViewCount="2354" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have create a selenium test suit on my pc with visual studio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can run it by right clicking on test explorer.&#xA;Now i need to run the same project on a different pc where it don't have visual studio, only the ms test framework. In side the bin folder i have project DLL.&#xA;I can run the same dll using command line on the same pc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I do the same on other server I am getting some errors.&#xA;It is looking the old folder structure on other pc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T05:07:48.357" LastActivityDate="2018-03-08T08:25:17.420" Title="How to run a selenium project on a different server without visual studio" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24932" CreationDate="2017-01-18T17:23:14.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a way,&#xA;1st i have to check what was the currant location which my test is going to execute.&#xA;Actually i was thinking that is inside the bin folder but i was wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; string value = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From this you can get the actual location where your test project is building right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in my case it is on &lt;code&gt;E:\\Users\\&amp;lt;user&amp;gt;\\documents\\visual studio 2012\\Projects\\TestWithSelenium3\\TestResults\\cja_ES-NB-110 2017-01-18 22_43_22\\Out&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then based on the above location i have to give the relative path.&#xA;My Gecko driver was inside the &lt;code&gt;TestWithSelenium3&lt;/code&gt; folder so i have to move back 3 time as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@&quot;..\..\..\TestWithSelenium3&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then it works,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SO the final code looks like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string value = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;&#xA;                //E:\\Users\\&amp;lt;user&amp;gt;\\documents\\visual studio 2012\\Projects\\TestWithSelenium3\\TestResults\\cja_ES-NB-110 2017-01-18 22_43_22\\Out&quot;&#xA;    FirefoxDriverService service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@&quot;..\..\..\TestWithSelenium3&quot;, &quot;geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(service);&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T17:23:14.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24940" CreationDate="2017-01-18T17:54:05.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found and answer :&#xA;easiest way. Just add&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; string value = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to your code (at the start point of your test method) Add a breakpoint to the newly added code and check what is the path of &lt;code&gt;value&lt;/code&gt; variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;continue the test process and after everything get success navigate to the folder of &lt;code&gt;values&lt;/code&gt; variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might see all the dlls inside the folder. Just copy them and past ware ever you want and execute the project dll using mstest command line tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;set mstestPath=&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\IDE&quot;&#xA;&#xA;%mstestpath%\mstest /testcontainer:CodedUITestProject1.dll&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-18T17:54:05.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24937" CreationDate="2017-01-19T03:40:25.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to switch to the new tab which is a new window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9588827/how-to-switch-to-the-new-browser-window-which-opens-after-click-on-the-button&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9588827/how-to-switch-to-the-new-browser-window-which-opens-after-click-on-the-button&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T03:40:25.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24858" CreationDate="2017-01-19T05:22:09.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The absolute majority of the load testing tools provide record-and-replay functionality so you can go the following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recording of HTTP-based applications is usually done via &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP proxy&lt;/a&gt;, so you will need to start the proxy server which should be included in your load testing tool distribution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure your WebDriver tests to use proxy from step 1, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp#using-a-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using a Proxy&lt;/a&gt; chapter of Selenium documentation for more information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your Selenium test - load testing tool should be recording the associated HTTP requests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform correlation and parameterisation if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add virtual users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; is a free and open source load testing tool and this is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-convert-selenium-scripts-jmx-converter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Convert Selenium Scripts into the JMX Converter&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T05:22:09.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24949" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-19T05:37:23.363" Score="1" ViewCount="7846" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my selenium code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am just finish my selenium code. I'm following page object pattern. My code does not follow any frameworks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1). I want to  keep the test data separately. Not scattering all over&#xA;  the script. Keep the test data in Json. And read it from there where&#xA;  ever it is necessary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to write the code in json format ? Anybody please help me&#xA;How to generate the code in json format? compare with above mentioned code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pageobject &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageobjects;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class HomePage {&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.NAME, using = &quot;username&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement username;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using = &quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement password;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH, using=&quot;//*[@id=\'login-container\']/form/div[3]/div/p/input[1]&quot; )&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;&#xA;    //enter  username&#xA;    public void  userLogin(String user, String pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        username.sendKeys(user);&#xA;        password.sendKeys(pass);&#xA;        button.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package steps;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import pageobjects.ClientPage;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginSteps {&#xA;&#xA;    public HomePage Login(String nam, String pas) {&#xA;        HomePage homePageObj = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver, HomePage.class);&#xA;        homePageObj.userLogin(nam,pas);&#xA;&#xA;        return homePageObj;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;util&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package util;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl=&quot;//http:qms&quot;;&#xA;    public DriverManager()&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;login &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; package login;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;&#xA;    import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;    import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;    import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    import static util.DriverManager.driver;&#xA;&#xA;    public class loginTest&#xA;    {&#xA;        @BeforeSuite(groups = {&quot;regression&quot;})&#xA;        public void initDriver(){&#xA;            DriverManager manager = new DriverManager();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        @DataProvider(name= &quot;login&quot;)&#xA;        public static java.lang.Object[][] loginData(){&#xA;&#xA;            return new Object[][]{{&quot;geoso&quot;,&quot;1&quot;},{&quot;ges&quot;,&quot;2&quot;},{&quot;geo&quot;,&quot;1&quot;}};&#xA;        }&#xA;        @Test(dataProvider = &quot;login&quot;)&#xA;        public void verifyValidLoginWithDataProvider(String userName,String password)&#xA;        {&#xA;            LoginSteps loginSteps= new LoginSteps();&#xA;            HomePage ex=loginSteps.Login(userName,password);&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Naveen&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="23426" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T06:37:50.053" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T06:37:50.053" Title="keeping the test data in json format" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-31T11:23:15.733" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20235" CreationDate="2017-01-19T06:18:54.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Maven you can use for running the test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/components/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://maven.apache.org/components/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-failsafe-plugin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-failsafe-plugin/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use the TestNG as the Test framework, you can run the test by declaring testng.xml file under suiteXmlFiles tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.19.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;Builds/testng.xml&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22010" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T06:18:54.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24916" CreationDate="2017-01-19T06:36:28.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try TestNG Data provider,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class SameClassDataProvider &#xA;{&#xA;    @DataProvider(name = &quot;data-provider&quot;)&#xA;    public Object[][] urldataProviderMethod() {&#xA;&#xA;    return new Object[][] { { &quot;URL1&quot; }, { &quot;URL2&quot; } };&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;data-provider&quot;)&#xA;    public void testMethod(String url) {&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;URL is: &quot; + URL);&#xA;&#xA;    /* based on the URL do somethings  &#xA;         */&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22010" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T06:36:28.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24838" CreationDate="2017-01-19T07:10:51.037" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In automated testing services, using an older version of Selenium may cause the problem of not able to click the element on the page. You can try upgrading to a version of Selenium 2.53 or higher and Firefox version 46.0(in case it's not set to this version).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case the issue still persists, it can be also fixed by adding below line to refresh the page before finding and clicking the desired element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().refresh();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that it helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T04:27:33.127" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T04:27:33.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23007" CreationDate="2017-01-19T08:59:37.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dlejj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dlejj.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CeTvI.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CeTvI.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;EXTENT REPORT&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extent Report&lt;/strong&gt; is much better than XSLT Report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Extent Report, All information like who run the test when this test got passed, how much time does it took to get completed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Major &lt;strong&gt;feature&lt;/strong&gt; is the &lt;strong&gt;rich GUI&lt;/strong&gt; it possess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also all the relevant details to the corresponding test can be provided make it pretty more easy for the person who is having a look into it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A dashboard is there to view all these details in a single shell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from that its an opensource and can manage it pretty easily by a few lines of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been using several reports but now I felt confident with extent report as the person who looks into it should get a better feeling. Whatever be its result but he/she should get a vision to have look into it for a minute atleast. In that case it is very good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go with Extent Reports. you can download it from &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://extentreports.relevantcodes.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://extentreports.relevantcodes.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It supports both java and .net.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23230" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T08:59:37.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24956" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-19T09:07:25.303" Score="2" ViewCount="12018" Body="&lt;p&gt;For login page: I  need to login with &lt;code&gt;username&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;password&lt;/code&gt;, I should pass the password in encrypted format. While so I would need to save the password encrypted in test data. While sending password to that field I should decrypt and send that in selenium script.&#xA;it is necessary. Any secret key or password must be encrypted with any logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security is the most important thing. Password should be in encrypted form. &#xA;Cross-browser:&#xA;How to perform cross browser testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anybody please help me to perform password encryption and multiple browser configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package util;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 29/11/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl=&quot;http://qmsadm/&quot;;&#xA;    public DriverManager()&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;package login;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;public class loginTest2&#xA;{&#xA;    @BeforeSuite(groups = {&quot;regression&quot;})&#xA;    public void initDriver(){&#xA;        DriverManager manager = new DriverManager();&#xA;    }    &#xA;&#xA;    @Parameters({&quot;userName&quot;,&quot;password&quot;})&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void verifyValidLogintoSpree(String userName, String password)&#xA;    {&#xA;        LoginSteps loginSteps = new LoginSteps();&#xA;        HomePage expected_message=loginSteps.Login(userName,password);&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(expected_message,&quot;MY ACCOUNT&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;testng.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Regression&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;userName&quot; value=&quot;geosony&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;password&quot; value=&quot;1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;regression&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groups&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;run&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;include name=&quot;regression&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;exclude name=&quot;sanity&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/run&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/groups&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;login.loginTest&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="23475" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T17:24:29.770" LastActivityDate="2021-02-12T15:24:47.480" Title="How to perform password enryption and multiple browser configuration?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;password&gt;&lt;encryption&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10385" CreationDate="2017-01-19T09:23:18.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every employees other than a TESTER believes like testing is an easy job to do, and it consist of less work pressure and work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I would like to remind you that every job has its own dignity. If you want to become a good programmer then you could had taken programming as a passion, Likewise If you want to become a good tester then this job also needs to be taken as a passion first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;You should love your job then only you can be on top.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case what happens is that if you are really interested to become a tester and quite interested in providing quality for everything which goes through your hand then for sure you can be a good tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually quality is inversely proportional to the risk of tester. If the quality goes up risk is low, but quality is low risk is extremely high. So you can't say if you work as a tester then you can live a peaceful life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TESTER -- TEST&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;E&lt;/strong&gt;verything &lt;strong&gt;R&lt;/strong&gt;ight. This what i believe in my concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cant say you will find bugs within 10 minutes and can sit idle for rest of time. No, Its not possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While transferring from development to QA environment what happen is the lack of process knowledge. Testing also contain several methods which are used according to the environment and time constraints. These methods can be familiarized by reading through several tutorials &#xA;For Example:&#xA;1)&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tutorialspoint.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.tutorialspoint.com&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;2)&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you had worked in programming for several years you could had gone through several loopholes in building complex logic's into easy ones. So, I better do say towards you to stay and become an automation tester with better knowledge in manual testing process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23230" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T09:23:18.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24838" CreationDate="2017-01-19T09:37:10.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have got one more way apart from what @Micheal said that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click refresh button first before you click the icon&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It must be obvious that on click of icon, some action will be performed(like opening of pop-up, navigating to other page, etc). So you can check on that action. I mean to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(action performed successfully) {&#xA;    proceed;&#xA;}&#xA;else {&#xA;    click on refresh button;&#xA;    click on same icon again;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T05:07:54.283" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T05:07:54.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24956" CreationDate="2017-01-19T09:49:01.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that no matter what tool or software you are using (Selenium, Webdriver, Ranorex, Kantu Browser,...), all passwords must be &lt;strong&gt;decrypted&lt;/strong&gt; before sending them to the web browser. At this point any malicious person/hacker/tool can view them in plain text. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/reveal-hidden-passwords-in-browsers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is one way&lt;/a&gt; how to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So passwords used for web testing are never secure, they are obfuscated at best (= making it a bit harder to steal, but not impossible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-06-14T09:45:17.463" LastActivityDate="2018-06-14T09:45:17.463" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="24960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25004" CreationDate="2017-01-19T11:43:55.097" Score="1" ViewCount="670" Body="&lt;p&gt;We would like to do load testing from multiple regions using Jmeter. Our application is deployed in AWS. Below are the options we have right now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create micro instances in AWS in multiple regions and test from there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create virtual machines from Google cloud engine (Free trail) and test from there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We heard first option is not a simulation of real situation Because requests from AWS to AWS would have dedicated line so there won't be any latency. Is that true ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or Should we go with second option ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or Any other option we have ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7750" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T02:06:35.557" Title="How to do load test in global region using Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24979" CreationDate="2017-01-19T11:56:19.893" Score="6" ViewCount="28018" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm logging into the page using this function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static void login() {&#xA;       driver.get(url);&#xA;       driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).clear();&#xA;       driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;username- login&quot;);&#xA;       driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;       driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;       driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;submit&quot;)).click();&#xA;       driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The login is successful and now i'd like to verify this by checking for certain elements on the landing page as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static void testLogin(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;       String pageSource = driver.getPageSource();&#xA;       //Assert.assertTrue(&quot;Login was not successful!&quot;, pageSource.contains(&quot;Welcome to the page!&quot;));&#xA;       System.out.println(pageSource);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything works except for the fact that when i display the source code on the console, it is the source code of the login page (previous) and i'm hence the Assert is false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone point me in the right direction?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have accepted the answer from the_coder because it led me to this solution: I used &lt;em&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/em&gt; to wait until a specific element is present on the page before saving the source code into a String.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);  &#xA; wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(.,'Welcome to the page!')]&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23236" LastEditorUserId="23236" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T07:51:21.287" LastActivityDate="2019-03-01T06:57:26.070" Title="Selenium: getPageSource() returns previous pages' source" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24963" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-19T13:35:45.357" Score="3" ViewCount="1755" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know if there is any free tool available to manually test the mobile apps and mobile websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I dont want to use the real devices. Need to emulate the devices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T09:26:54.310" Title="Free tool to test mobile apps manually" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24964" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24966" CreationDate="2017-01-19T14:13:10.610" Score="3" ViewCount="1576" Body="&lt;p&gt;We observe differences using &lt;code&gt;button.Click()&lt;/code&gt; versus &lt;code&gt;button.Press()&lt;/code&gt; when we run automated tests for our Java application (Windows, desktop).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/Documentation/Ranorex/html/T_Ranorex_Button.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentation for Button&lt;/a&gt; does not tell so much:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Click()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Clicks on the adapter with the left mouse button. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and (not applicable for our application)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If this method is invoked on a mobile element, Touch() will be called internally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Press()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Presses the button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between those two methods? Any guideline when to use which one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T14:39:37.920" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T14:53:26.870" Title="Difference between Button.Click() and Button.Press()" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24965" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-19T14:37:36.793" Score="4" ViewCount="494" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please help me for my setting in appium, I cant launch and display appium inspector on ios, but my setting for android already working and fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use macOS- Sierra&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;appium 1.5.3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;iphone iOS 10.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Launching Appium with command:&#xA;  '/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node/bin/node'&#xA;  appium/build/lib/main.js --address &quot;127.0.0.1&quot; --port &quot;4725&quot;&#xA;  --pre-launch --debug-log-spacing --platform-version &quot;9.3.2&quot; --platform-name &quot;iOS&quot; --app &quot;com.dai.uangteman&quot; --udid &quot;c3939d6e3cc39936161a6f554e0ac472cdba0142&quot; --full-reset --device-name&#xA;  &quot;iPhone 5&quot; --isolate-sim-device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Appium] Welcome to Appium v1.5.3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Appium] Non-default server args:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Appium]   address: '127.0.0.1'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Appium]   port: 4725 [Appium]   launch: true [Appium]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  isolateSimDevice: true [Appium]   debugLogSpacing: true [Appium]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  platformName: 'iOS' [Appium]   platformVersion: '9.3.2' [Appium]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  deviceName: 'iPhone 5' [Appium]   app: 'com.dai.uangteman' [Appium]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  udid: 'c3939d6e3cc39936161a6f554e0ac472cdba0142' [Appium]   fullReset:&#xA;  true [Appium] Deprecated server args: [Appium]   --platform-name =&gt;&#xA;  --default-capabilities '{&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;iOS&quot;}'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Appium]   --platform-version =&gt; --default-capabilities&#xA;  '{&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;9.3.2&quot;}' [Appium]   --device-name =&gt;&#xA;  --default-capabilities '{&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;iPhone 5&quot;}' [Appium]   --app =&gt; --default-capabilities '{&quot;app&quot;:&quot;com.dai.uangteman&quot;}' [Appium]   -U,--udid =&gt; --default-capabilities '{&quot;udid&quot;:&quot;c3939d6e3cc39936161a6f554e0ac472cdba0142&quot;}' [Appium]&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  --full-reset =&gt; --default-capabilities '{&quot;fullReset&quot;:true}' [Appium] Default capabilities, which will be added to each request unless&#xA;  overridden by desired capabilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Appium]   platformName: 'iOS'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Appium]   platformVersion: '9.3.2' [Appium]   deviceName: 'iPhone 5'&#xA;  [Appium]   app: 'com.dai.uangteman' [Appium]   udid:&#xA;  'c3939d6e3cc39936161a6f554e0ac472cdba0142' [Appium]   fullReset: true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[Appium] Appium REST http interface listener started on 127.0.0.1:4725&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[HTTP] --&gt; GET /wd/hub/status {}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[MJSONWP] Calling AppiumDriver.getStatus() with args: []&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[MJSONWP] Responding to client with driver.getStatus() result:&#xA;  {&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.5.3&quot;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[HTTP] &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/status 200 21 ms - 83 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below images is my setting appium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n3Bqm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n3Bqm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cyn9J.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cyn9J.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22376" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T04:54:47.193" LastActivityDate="2019-12-09T00:59:55.683" Title="Setting appium to run test on iOS device" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;installation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24964" CreationDate="2017-01-19T14:39:28.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have an official answer, but the difference is mainly in 2 things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;continuation of the Ranorex test script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the number of events fired&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion: &lt;code&gt;Click()&lt;/code&gt; is closer to real user interaction, &lt;code&gt;Press()&lt;/code&gt; is faster and more robust as long as it is sufficient for your automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding 1., I have observed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Click()&lt;/code&gt; immediately continues the Ranorex script execution as opposed to  &lt;code&gt;Press()&lt;/code&gt; which waits until the code of the event handler has completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can e.g. have the following impact: if a message box is opened synchronously when the button is &quot;clicked&quot;, and you use &lt;code&gt;Press()&lt;/code&gt; in the Ranorex script, then you cannot answer the message box from the Ranorex script in the next step. Your test case will hang.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding 2., I have observed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Click()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paint (may occur multiple times in different order)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseEnter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseMove (may occur multiple times)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseDown&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseHover&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseClick&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseUp&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MouseMove (may occur multiple times)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Press()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Paint (may occur multiple times in different order)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14485" LastEditorUserId="14485" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T14:53:26.870" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T14:53:26.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24963" CreationDate="2017-01-19T16:56:35.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mobile websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the websites, you can usually just resize the browser, and then you will get the mobile website. So any web testing tool will work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;apps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Android, there are many android emulators available. Check a list &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.androidauthority.com/best-android-emulators-for-pc-655308/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-01-19T23:38:45.773" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T23:38:45.773" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24963" CreationDate="2017-01-19T17:26:38.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For testing mobile apps and websites, there are a few free tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can install &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/xcode/downloads/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xcode&lt;/a&gt; on my Mac and then download a number of simulators for various iOS devices like iPhone + iPad's, Apple Watch / OS and tvOS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://saucelabs.com/devices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt; (and other SaaS testing providers) offer an even larger number of simulators / emulators for a wide range of mobile devices. Sauce Labs has a free (albeit limited) account that you can certainly start with. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T17:26:38.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24970" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-19T18:48:40.873" Score="1" ViewCount="732" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning Selenium with python, so please excuse my amateur questions, I am trying to run a simple Data driven test where selenium will enter a few different names on the Name field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Page code is as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class AddClients(BasePage): &#xA;    log = cl.customLogger(logging.DEBUG) &#xA;    def __init__(self, driver):&#xA;        super().__init__(driver)&#xA;        self.driver = driver&#xA;&#xA;    def appy(self,name):                     &#xA;        self.clickAddBtn()&#xA;        self.enterEmpname(name)&#xA;        time.sleep(2)&#xA;        self.clickCancel()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running the tests on a different script&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from pages.clients.addclient_page import AddClients&#xA;from utilities.teststatus import TestStatus&#xA;import unittest&#xA;import pytest&#xA;from ddt import ddt,data, unpack&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@pytest.mark.usefixtures(&quot;oneTimeSetUp&quot;,&quot;setUp&quot;)&#xA;@ddt&#xA;class AddClientTest(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;&#xA;    @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)&#xA;    def classSetup(self,oneTimeSetUp):&#xA;        self.ac = AddClients(self.driver)&#xA;        self.ts = TestStatus(self.driver)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @pytest.mark.run(order=1)&#xA;    @data((&quot;employeronefffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff&quot;),(&quot;tester&quot;))&#xA;    @unpack&#xA;    def test_adding_client(self,naming):&#xA;        self.ac.appy(naming)&#xA;        time.sleep(3)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I try to run the script it throws the error below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;============================= test session starts =============================&#xA;platform win32 -- Python 3.5.2, pytest-3.0.2, py-1.4.31, pluggy-0.3.1 -- c:\program files (x86)\python35-32\python.exe&#xA;cachedir: .cache&#xA;rootdir: C:\Users\Fake\PycharmProjects\Kode, inifile:&#xA;collected 0 items / 1 errors &#xA;&#xA;============================== ERRORS ===============================&#xA;____________ ERROR collecting tests/clients/addclient_test2.py ____________&#xA;c:\program files (x86)\python35-32\lib\site-packages\_pytest\python.py:209: in fget&#xA;    return self._obj&#xA;E   AttributeError: 'Module' object has no attribute '_obj'&#xA;&#xA;During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:&#xA;tests\clients\addclient_test2.py:11: in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;    class AddClientTesttwo(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;c:\program files (x86)\python35-32\lib\site-packages\ddt.py:258: in ddt&#xA;    add_test(cls, test_name, func, **v)&#xA;E   TypeError: add_test() argument after ** must be a mapping, not str&#xA;!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 errors during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!&#xA;=========================== 1 error in 0.32 seconds ===========================&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am running all the test on py.test. Note: the browser doesn't even launch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@data(('emploer',''), ('tester',''))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I add a null value to data, the browser launches and does the sign in process but then fails with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    self = &amp;lt;tests.clients.addclient_test2.AddClientTesttwo testMethod=test_adding_client_1___emploer____tester__&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    @wraps(func)&#xA;    def wrapper(self):&#xA;&amp;gt;       return func(self, *args, **kwargs)&#xA;E       TypeError: test_adding_client() takes 2 positional arguments but 3 were given&#xA;&#xA;c:\program files (x86)\python35-32\lib\site-packages\ddt.py:139: TypeError&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17828" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T04:25:06.510" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T05:18:58.830" Title="Type Error when using DDT for Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24963" CreationDate="2017-01-19T19:56:30.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For native mobile apps, &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/device-farm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check out AWS mobile farm&lt;/a&gt;.  They have a free tier of 250 minutes per month.  They allow you to &quot;rent&quot; a device for some time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For mobile web, you can use developer tools in the browsers to set the agent string to your target device.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.howtogeek.com/113439/how-to-change-your-browsers-user-agent-without-installing-any-extensions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is a tutorial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can test the mobile web through the devices you &quot;rent&quot; from Amazon. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T09:26:54.310" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T09:26:54.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24963" CreationDate="2017-01-19T20:03:03.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tell me if you want to know more tools or any specific one :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best emulators for Android:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/studio/run/managing-avds.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developer.android.com/studio/run/managing-avds.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.genymotion.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.genymotion.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.genymotion.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.genymotion.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bluestacks.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.bluestacks.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.andyroid.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.andyroid.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/pl/vs/msft-android-emulator/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/pl/vs/msft-android-emulator/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To check mobile screen resolutions and metrics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://design.google.com/devices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://design.google.com/devices/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://viewportsizes.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://viewportsizes.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use Mobile Device Lab providers that gives few devices for free&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testdroid.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testdroid.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://developer.samsung.com/remotetestlab/rtlDeviceList.action&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://developer.samsung.com/remotetestlab/rtlDeviceList.action&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://firebase.google.com/docs/test-lab/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://firebase.google.com/docs/test-lab/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T20:03:03.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24965" CreationDate="2017-01-19T22:17:08.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try opening &lt;em&gt;terminal&lt;/em&gt; and type:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo chmod -R 777 /var/db/lockdown/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(If this would work, you would need to do this after every boot of MacOS)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also try to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change xcode to &amp;lt;= 8.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try iOS device &amp;lt;= 9.X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try all 3 steps together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-01-19T22:17:08.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24963" CreationDate="2017-01-20T01:04:44.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Android, use Android Studio and its simulators. Linux and Mac.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For iPhone, use the XCode emulator on a Mac&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browserstack, Sauce Labs and other SAAS (with emulators through a web browser) providers that have a free get started account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T01:04:44.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24963" CreationDate="2017-01-20T05:34:32.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For android ,Best of the best was having a android emulator using AVD manager with the Intel Hardware Accelerated Execution Manager (HAXM)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T05:34:32.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24961" CreationDate="2017-01-20T06:23:20.287" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may be getting the previous page source code because the &lt;code&gt;getPageSource()&lt;/code&gt; method is called before the page arrives to the page you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I would like to suggest is before getting the pagesource of the webpage check whether you have navigated to the correct page like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void testLogin(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;     if(driver.getCurrentUrl().equals(&quot;&amp;lt;expectedPageURL&amp;gt;&quot;))&#xA;     {&#xA;       String pageSource = driver.getPageSource();&#xA;       Assert.assertTrue(&quot;Login was not successful!&quot;, pageSource.contains(&quot;Welcome to the page!&quot;));&#xA;       System.out.println(pageSource);&#xA;     }&#xA;     else&#xA;     {&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot;Not navigated to the correct page&quot;);&#xA;     }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T17:20:12.177" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T17:20:12.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24963" CreationDate="2017-01-20T06:54:50.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I was working with an startup where they didn`t had much of resource(device, for test), I did some research and found the good one to test mobile application.&#xA;You can check for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pCloudy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Various range of devices and for different platforms too. Can perform Manual as well as Automation. Good one to try on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T06:54:50.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24981" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24982" CreationDate="2017-01-20T07:01:45.200" Score="0" ViewCount="52" Body="&lt;p&gt;When i'm testing a project,how should i divide my testing into test cycles.&#xA;What are the things that i have to care when i'm dividing testing cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-06T19:23:35.937" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T19:23:35.937" Title="when i'm testing a project,how should i divide my testing in to test cycles when" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-01-21T16:51:31.773" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24981" CreationDate="2017-01-20T07:07:32.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A test cycle could simulate a day, a week, a month, or no time period at all. &#xA;The ability to simulate a given period of time, however, is what makes test cycles an ideal technique for date-sensitive testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exactly what happens during a test cycle depend on the technology involved. &#xA;For example, in a traditional legacy mainframe environment a test cycle usually consists of three parts: online data entry, batch processing, &#xA;and the verification of batch results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First divide the project into modules, prepare estimation. Then decide the cycle accordingly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19046" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T07:07:32.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24985" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="24990" CreationDate="2017-01-20T07:41:50.793" Score="-1" ViewCount="482" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to add checkpoints in my scipts/Recording controller.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19046" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T11:37:50.040" Title="Can anyone tell me 'How to add checkpoints in Jmeter ?'" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-01-21T16:50:43.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24985" CreationDate="2017-01-20T08:58:58.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this as a start point. Very good site I used to get into basic Jmeter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://getjmeter.blogspot.co.uk/2014/11/assertions-in-jmeter-checkpoints.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://getjmeter.blogspot.co.uk/2014/11/assertions-in-jmeter-checkpoints.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T08:58:58.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24985" CreationDate="2017-01-20T10:03:51.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the best article I've ever seen. Go through this. You will get a good knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/assertions-in-jmeter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/assertions-in-jmeter.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23475" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T10:03:51.117" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24985" CreationDate="2017-01-20T11:37:50.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Assertions in Apache Jmeter,Jmeter is providing different assertions to verify the samples as required,please read more details with examples here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://learn-jmeter.blogspot.in/2016/10/assertions-in-jmeter-examples.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://learn-jmeter.blogspot.in/2016/10/assertions-in-jmeter-examples.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21668" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T11:37:50.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13817" CreationDate="2017-01-20T11:39:55.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can add unwanted URL patterns to exclude in HTTP Test Script Recorder. I have written about this concept here with examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://learn-jmeter.blogspot.in/2016/10/how-to-record-script-in-apache-jmeter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://learn-jmeter.blogspot.in/2016/10/how-to-record-script-in-apache-jmeter.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing is to use the Test Recorder fields URL Patterns to Include and URL Patterns to Exclude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Patterns to Include, use &lt;code&gt;.*\.html&lt;/code&gt; unless there are specific pages you need to exclude.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Patterns to Exclude, use &lt;code&gt;(?i).*\.(bmp|css|js|gif|ico|jpe?g|png|swf|woff)&lt;/code&gt; to avoid recording style, image, font, and animation files. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The patterns are Regular Expressions, so you can improve your filtering by learning more about regular expressions and how they work &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21668" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T13:08:59.880" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T13:08:59.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24992" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25060" CreationDate="2017-01-20T11:42:38.083" Score="0" ViewCount="855" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently looking at Testrail as an alternative to using the Zephyr plugin within JIRA as Testrail looks to give us better test case and reporting management than Zephyr does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently faced with the usual problem when changing tools of how to migrate our existing test cases from one to the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know there are importer tools to get Excel spreadsheet cases into Testrail, so that is ok. The problem I'm facing is how to get the test scripts out of Zephyr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of any similar plugins to export test cases/scripts from Zephyr to Excel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried using the inbuilt export function, but it only seems to export the basic case details, not the individual test steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T09:45:00.913" Title="Zephyr to Test Rail migration - Is it possible?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;excel&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24992" CreationDate="2017-01-20T12:01:07.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If You company bought ZAPI (Zephyr API) along with Zephyr, You always can write migration scripts for e.g. in python. In my recent jobs I test both Zephyr and Test Rail, and I must said that, Test Rail is fantastic and has REST API more friendly than Zephyr. &#xA;Unfortunately we must choose Zephyr due to lower price (company has its own servers, don't want accept cloud solutions that was way cheaper). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T12:01:07.410" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25020" CreationDate="2017-01-20T12:28:41.540" Score="0" ViewCount="625" Body="&lt;p&gt;The HTTP Request I used in my performance testing uses JMeter's &lt;code&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/code&gt; in order to get the response data of the HTTP Request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the test ran, the response data for the same HTTP request is different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could cause this to happen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20886" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T13:20:05.067" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T07:33:21.730" Title="JMeter Response data does not match the actual results" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23767" CreationDate="2017-01-20T12:59:36.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could simply write an xpath with index specified. For the example you mentioned, the xpath should look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//*[@id='menuitem'])[index]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where index will start from 1, NOT 0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T12:59:36.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24996" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-20T13:21:41.063" Score="2" ViewCount="2792" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently adding some users and then wanted to check if that one user made it in the dropdown, and if it does make it, then select it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it doesn't make it in the dropdown, I want it so spit out an error but don't want it to stop the script, just to go to another part of the script (and continue looping).&#xA;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23508" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T12:01:25.487" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T12:01:25.487" Title="Selenium IDE Verifying is an value is in a drop down" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-20T13:52:06.557" Score="7" ViewCount="9834" Body="&lt;p&gt;in my project I started code coverage for unit and integration test with gradle + jacoco. It's already working and generating reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw a lot of questions and tutorials about how to do code coverage for both tests, but I didn't see any question about why do code coverage for integration test. Which type of data do we expect for integration test (code coverage)? The same as unit test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why I'm asking this: On unit test, we explicit call methods, objects and other system under test code. In this scenario, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;jacoco&lt;/a&gt; understand this and do a metric for code coverage based on what methods/properties is being called. And this is ok, makes sense to me. But on integration test, I only use some model classes to use in test and jacoco only report this models as being code coverage but not the methods being used during the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Makes sense to do a code coverage for integration test? Which type of data do we expect? Or my integration test code coverage is wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-20T16:09:16.633" LastActivityDate="2019-08-07T11:49:11.597" Title="Why do code coverage of integration test?" Tags="&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24996" CreationDate="2017-01-20T14:51:22.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Selenium, you can use a getEval() with Javascript that returns the innerHTML of the element. Something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; storeEval | window.document.getElementById(&quot;id of element&quot;).innerHTML | p&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This saves the content of the dropdown in the variable p. &#xA;Alternatively &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.imacros.net/Data_Extraction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iMacros&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu&lt;/a&gt; are similar to Selenium IDE but contain dedicated support for extracting values (so you do not need to use Javascript).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T14:51:22.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="24999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-20T15:46:52.403" Score="2" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;I developed a web service for uploading files to the server, this web service will be used by 45k users approximately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started to load test my application with JMeter and I'm a newbie in software performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tested with different values in Thread Group (Number of Threads and Rump-Up Period) ex: 1000 and 200, 1000 and 300. I see always all requests response are &quot;200 OK&quot; but I don't find all requests files stored in the folder (generally the number of files found is equal to the Rump-Up Period).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help, please?    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23510" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T06:02:54.410" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T06:10:52.893" Title="Testing web services with jmeter" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24997" CreationDate="2017-01-20T15:50:36.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You typically exclude test code from code coverage reports. The entire goal is to learn which parts of production code are touched by your test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you run integration tests against a deployed version of your application you should look into remote code coverage, typically exposed via JMX. Jacoco has support for this, see the agent documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T15:50:36.293" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24956" CreationDate="2017-01-20T18:03:59.150" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of putting the password hardcoded (encrypted or not) in the test-data I would create a test-user for each separate test-run with a random-password only known to the test-run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simplest way is to insert a new user into the database similar as the application would do from the management views. I would ask my developers to help me with this as they know how the management views create the users. Preferable I would let the tests re-use the same code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you could block access to the test-environment from the internet. Let say only accessable from the developers desktops and continuous integration servers. If so I really do not see an issue with putting a password in a text-file really.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Encryption will not help as the decryption key also needs to be included in the code. Or in a separate file which you need to share with everyone who wants to run the test, including any servers. Here is some code for Java to en/de-crypt a string: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4487525/encrypt-and-decrypt-a-string-in-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4487525/encrypt-and-decrypt-a-string-in-java&lt;/a&gt; Store the &lt;code&gt;SecretKey&lt;/code&gt; in a config file you read from disk and don't commit this file to the source code or else anyone can decrypt it again. This separate file thing feels like to much work if you ask me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T18:17:01.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24999" CreationDate="2017-01-20T20:36:03.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;45,000 users at the same time or in total? I have heard that a single box can only handle 200-300 threads so you are probably not really simulating 1000 users unless you are using more than one server to send requests. If you set thread group to say 100 does it consistently work then?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T20:36:03.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24949" CreationDate="2017-01-20T20:37:20.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1 - Your JSON is wrong because you a trying to create a list using a key-value syntax, in the outer-most level. The first level should be a dictionary, with a list as value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA; &quot;geos&quot;:&#xA;&#xA;  [&#xA;   {&quot;u&quot;:&quot;geos&quot;,&quot;p&quot;:&quot;1&quot;},&#xA;&#xA;   {&quot;u&quot;:&quot;ges&quot;,&quot;p&quot;:&quot;2&quot;},&#xA;&#xA;   {&quot;u&quot;:&quot;geo&quot;,&quot;p&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;  ]&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read about JSON format &lt;a href=&quot;https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/json/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. A Java JSON reader can be found &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/7/tutorial/jsonp001.htm#BABEECIB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - You must be careful to not fall in the trap of accessing the JSON file in your tests. You should create:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An interface (and an implementation class) that models the data; with method like &lt;em&gt;getListOfGeoLocations&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any change in the JSON file structure can be updated directly in the class.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a &lt;a href=&quot;http://howtodoinjava.com/design-patterns/creational/implementing-factory-design-pattern-in-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;factory&lt;/a&gt; for that reads from the file and creates instance of this data model class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, any change in the files/folder organization or the way of creating the data model objects can be update directly in the factory.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your tests should depend only on the interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T10:33:42.587" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T10:33:42.587" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24960" CreationDate="2017-01-20T20:47:46.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Either option should work out fine.  I believe what you are referring to is more along the lines of AWS Direct Connect.  If the site you are load testing against are accessible externally, it is a good chance you will get the same behavior from your micro instance.  You can always do a traceroute on the micro instances to see the network connectivity.  If you are unsure, you can spin one instance in AWS and one in Google and compare the network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, you can use third party service like Blazemeter to perform load testing of your JMeter script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21858" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T20:47:46.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25006" CreationDate="2017-01-20T21:14:27.963" Score="3" ViewCount="603" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hello I'm having a slight issue. I'm using selenium to make a report through ExtentReport which saves a HTML file. I want to be able to save this file dynamically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code im currently using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;report = new ExtentReports(&quot;/Users/xxxx/Desktop/ExtentReport/ExtentReport.html&quot; + System.currentTimeMillis());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding System.CurrentTimeMills kind of works as it saves it but it ends up being ExtentReport.html1919191919191919191 which works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem that I have is that after I run my selenium test I want it to navigate to the folder and open the HTML as soon as the test is over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I use currentTime then I can't open the file as it is made and called about a minute inbetween giving different file names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code I use to call it after the test is over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String Path =&quot;file:/Users/xxxxx/Desktop/ExtentReport/ExtentReport.html&quot; + System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;driver.get(Path);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I save my html file dynamically whilst still being able to call it later on during my script to open?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T21:27:10.870" Title="Selenium dynamic HTML file" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25005" CreationDate="2017-01-20T21:27:10.870" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Save the filename as a variable. Then pass the variable to the constructor, and also pass it to whatever code needs to open the file later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String reportFileName = &quot;/Users/xxxx/Desktop/ExtentReport/ExtentReport.html&quot; + System.currentTimeMillis());&#xA;&#xA;report = new ExtentReports(reportFileName);&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it might be better to put the timestamp before the extension:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String reportFileName = &quot;/Users/xxxx/Desktop/ExtentReport/ExtentReport&quot; + System.currentTimeMillis()) + &quot;.html&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way, if you want to open the file with a browser or other program, the program will understand how to open it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-01-20T21:27:10.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24997" CreationDate="2017-01-20T21:37:11.697" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll assume the question is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why measure how much of the SUT's code is covered by integration tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and not this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why measure how much of the integration test code is covered?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you should avoid measuring code coverage for integration tests, for two reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit tests are a much more effective way to exercise code than integration tests&lt;/strong&gt;.  Compared to integration tests, unit tests are lighter weight, faster, and more targeted.  Using an integration test to cover code is like using a sledge hammer to drive in a nail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit tests are about exercising code, whereas integration tests are about testing assumptions.&lt;/strong&gt;  When we write unit tests, we mock/fake/stub out the interfaces that the code depends on, and in the process we encode assumptions about how those interfaces behave.  Integration tests are where we find out whether those assumptions were valid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to put it: unit tests are about testing whether the code does what the developer intended.  Integration tests are about determining whether components work together.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T17:41:58.767" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T17:41:58.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22219" CreationDate="2017-01-21T12:40:30.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears that the application does not allow multiple sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given this, testing will not be able to use multiple sessions either.&#xA;Testing should only test the app 'as designed' and the design only allows for 1 session.  Otherwise you are likely to start to run into either the issues that led to the application requiring one session or other new issues that don't occur when there is only 1 session as in the real world application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-21T13:13:30.613" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T13:13:30.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25010" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-21T13:14:57.183" Score="2" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm preparing myself to exam of ISTQB Advanced Level - Technical Test Analyst. I've just finished the chapter and after that I still can't answer on questions asked on the beginning of it. I.e. I'm not sure about my answers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I'd like to ask you to verify my responses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Explain the stages in an application's lifecycle where non-functional tests and architecture based-test tests may be applied.&#xA;  Explain the causes of non-functional testing taking place only in&#xA;  specific stages of application's lifecycle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Non-functional tests can be applied in any stage of an application's lifecycle. Some of non-functional characteristic like efficiency depends of quality of a single components. Therefore execution efficiency should be already tested at the unit or integration level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some non-functional testing does not have sense until late in the Software Development Life Cycle. It is not possible to measure a characteristic like usability before the product is not integrated into one system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I don't understand what does &lt;em&gt;architecture based-test tests&lt;/em&gt; mean. Can someone explain this term for me?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Give examples of the criteria that influence the structure and level of test condition development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have a marketing requirements document and a system requirements document then you can use the former to generate high-level test conditions and then use the latter to elaborate same low-level test conditions underneath each high-level one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quality risk analyst - we can outline the key features and quality characteristics at a high level. These quality risk items are thus the test high-level test conditions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Describe how test analysis and design are static testing techniques that can be used to discover defects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process of test analysis and design needs to precise understanding the requirements specification, design specification, or other documents used as input into process. It allows identify defects in the documentation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Explain by giving examples the concept of the test oracle and how a test oracle can be used in test specifications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be honest, I don't understand this exercise. How the test oracle can be used to test a specifications? English is not my native language, it is a problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22433" LastEditorUserId="22433" LastEditDate="2017-01-21T13:38:37.713" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T13:38:37.713" Title="Problem with understanding some of learning objectives of ISTQB Advanced Level - Technical Test Analyst" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-01-23T08:45:58.520" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25011" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-21T19:58:30.770" Score="3" ViewCount="6048" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have checked YouTube &amp;amp; Google for solutions to this error. But I have not been able to get one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, I get this error when I write some code to launch the Firefox driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An unhandled exception of type&#xA;  'OpenQA.Selenium.DriverServiceNotFoundException' occurred in&#xA;  WebDriver.dll&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional information: The geckodriver.exe file does not exist in the current directory or in a directory on the PATH environment variable. The driver can be downloaded at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;namespace FireFox_Driver_Launch&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            var Driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            Driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.starwoodhotels.com/preferredguest/account/enroll/index.html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have added the selenium webdriver package from &quot;Manager Nuget Packages&quot; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched this site &amp;amp; Google for a solution. But, I have not gotten a solution yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The firefox browser is installed on the PC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded the geckodriver. Please, how do I put it in the PATH?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe it should be in the System Environment variables ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also installed Selenium.Firefox.Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, I downloaded the gecko driver &amp;amp; put it in the project folder. Still getting an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T12:00:16.777" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T12:00:16.777" Title="Unable To Launch Firefox Driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25011" CreationDate="2017-01-21T20:28:19.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make sure that the folder where &lt;code&gt;geckodriver.exe&lt;/code&gt; (the one you downloaded) is located is on your systems &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt;. Here's a tutorial about how to add a folder to &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000549.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000549.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23520" LastActivityDate="2017-01-21T20:28:19.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25013" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25016" CreationDate="2017-01-22T06:51:57.990" Score="1" ViewCount="331" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team wants to migrate the tests from QTP. We have the automation flows for UI, API and some database tests. After a long research, I found robotframework would be a nice tool.However as I started writing tests, I found that I am writing tests and corresponding keywords for test case in single file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the number of test cases increase, it seems I cannot maintain all of the code in one file. I would like to separate the tests and keywords in to different files.&#xA;Is there a way we can do it? If it is, please provide some examples on usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6164" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T02:17:02.457" Title="What is the best way of separating tests from keywords using RobotFramework?" Tags="&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25011" CreationDate="2017-01-22T14:39:27.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Download selenium support drivers via nuget too.&#xA;If it didnt work go to &lt;a href=&quot;http://sqaplus.blogspot.be/2017/01/error-message-on-selenium-3-with-firefox.html?m=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://sqaplus.blogspot.be/2017/01/error-message-on-selenium-3-with-firefox.html?m=1&lt;/a&gt; and see how to initialize firefox driver with selenium 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T14:39:27.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25011" CreationDate="2017-01-22T14:39:49.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First&lt;/strong&gt; Update your Firefox Browser to the latest version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second&lt;/strong&gt; you need need to download the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;geckodriver.exe&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; from the below url as per your system configuration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Third&lt;/strong&gt; write the below code to start the Firefox Browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Give the path of the geckodriver.exe    &#xA;FirefoxDriverService service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@&quot;C:\Users\abcd\Downloads\geckodriver-v0.13.0-win64&quot;,&quot;geckodriver.exe&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;//Give the path of the Firefox Browser        &#xA;service.FirefoxBinaryPath = @&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(service);&#xA;&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; Assumption you are running selenium 3.0.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T14:39:49.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25013" CreationDate="2017-01-22T19:47:04.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most common and the most logical way to partition your tests is to organize them as per their testing areas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer to this link for more details. &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#using-test-libraries&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot Framework doc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-22T19:47:04.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25017" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-22T23:16:20.667" Score="1" ViewCount="3608" Body="&lt;p&gt;No matter how many javscript executor lines I use or how many times I change the scrolling positions to different numbers, Selenium WebDriver 3 always takes me to the same place on the list that is doing parallax scrolling. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It scrolls to row 70 of the list but I want to go to row 65. I tried various ways, but it does not work. This same code was working with selenium webdriver 2 before. The element is hidden until you scroll to it through the list so I can't use scroll into view. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please advise how I can scroll to the element so I can click on it? Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;scroll(0,1000)&quot;);&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;scroll(1000,2000)&quot;);&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;scroll(2000,1500)&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; I also tried this and it didn't work either.&#xA; javascript.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,600)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14742" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T00:30:57.023" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T04:54:32.917" Title="((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;scroll(0,1000)&quot;); Not working on Selenium Webdriver 3" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-03-24T17:23:27.397" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25017" CreationDate="2017-01-23T03:34:35.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this to scroll to the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;&#xA;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(id_name));&#xA;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T03:34:35.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24994" CreationDate="2017-01-23T05:57:35.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There can be many different reasons, it is hard to guess without seeing your Test Plan and these 2 responses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Something application-specific, for instance if you are testing news portal the response will always be different as some news expire and new news are being constantly added&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Something is wrong with your JMeter test, i.e. missing &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt;, missing or improperly working &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-load-testing-scenarios-jmeter-part-1-correlations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correlation&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An application under test issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T05:57:35.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6672" CreationDate="2017-01-23T06:30:48.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why don't you go for Protractor which is a native automation tool for AngularJS, which works purely on JavaScript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor is currently in huge demand as AngularJS &amp;amp; angular is being used in many applications.&#xA;Also for using Selectors it uses CSS , for which it uses Jquery like syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor uses Jasmine by default as its native unit testing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;strong&gt;Protractor&lt;/strong&gt;, is the right tool for your needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T20:41:13.587" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T20:41:13.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T07:10:21.993" Score="0" ViewCount="2771" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I  want to run same test in multiple browsers:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;What should be the required code in my configuration file?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here is my code, what I have tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package util;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl=&quot;http://--&quot;;&#xA;    public DriverManager()&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Help me- What should I need to do changes in my above code for Running same test on &lt;strong&gt;multiple browsers Like-Chrome, Mozilla, IE&lt;/strong&gt;...etc?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T12:24:52.837" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T15:18:42.680" Title="How to Run same test on multiple browsers?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25023" CreationDate="2017-01-23T09:24:44.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I get your question correctly you want to run the same script in different browsers Then, write a method pass a browser name as a string, use a &lt;em&gt;'switch case'&lt;/em&gt; logic to determine which browser to initiate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo code is as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void open_Browser(String browserName) &#xA;    {&#xA;        try &#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.printf(&quot;Opening %s browser.\n&quot;, browserName);&#xA;&#xA;            switch (browserName)&#xA;            {&#xA;                case &quot;firefox&quot;:&#xA;                {&#xA;                    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;./Configuration File/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;                    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                }&#xA;                case &quot;chrome&quot;:&#xA;                {&#xA;                    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;./Configuration File/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;                    driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                }&#xA;                case &quot;ie&quot;:&#xA;                {&#xA;                    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;,&quot;./configuration_and_resources/IEdriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;                    driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                default:&#xA;                    break;&#xA;            }&#xA;        } &#xA;        catch (Exception e) &#xA;        {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T12:19:48.863" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T12:19:48.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25028" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T14:11:07.120" Score="2" ViewCount="18497" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to  click on one of many links which are similar the only difference is the number. Can somebody help me with that? (using Java)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;/edit-files.php?i=26&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-pencil-square-o&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;/edit-files.php?i=21&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-pencil-square-o&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried these didnt work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='/edit-files.php?i=26']&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;a[href*='/edit-files.php?i=26']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18819" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T11:58:59.503" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T15:04:59.710" Title="CSS or Xpath for href element with number" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-07-18T06:53:56.780" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25028" CreationDate="2017-01-23T14:37:53.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the only difference is the number after &lt;code&gt;?i=&lt;/code&gt; then you can simply concatinate the Xpath in Java. So if you want to iterate over the first ten links and click on each of them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(int idx = 1; idx &amp;lt;= 10; idx++) {&#xA;  driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='/edit-files.php?i=&quot; + idx + &quot;']&quot;)).click(); &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23520" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T14:37:53.583" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25030" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T15:14:33.987" Score="1" ViewCount="881" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can i use Jmeter to measure the performance of a specific action in a non-web based application. If so which sampler should i use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23542" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T09:12:35.277" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:12:35.277" Title="Can Jmeter help to measure performance of non-web applications?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25031" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T15:54:12.403" Score="1" ViewCount="4499" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am waiting for WebElement is clickable using below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,9);&#xA;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(CancelListingButton));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I see the error for using &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; in eclipse as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ExpectedConditions cannot be resolved to a variable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium 3.0 as maven project and included the import statement: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other dependency to use &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt; dependencies included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.8.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.0.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-support&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.0a7&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mainly the issue is even after including the import statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still cannot use &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; anywhere in my code as it gives me error to create a class &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; and it cannot be resolved to variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23544" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T11:58:08.970" LastActivityDate="2018-05-14T11:49:45.493" Title="ExpectedConditions cannot be resolved to a variable" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25030" CreationDate="2017-01-23T15:55:14.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For non-web based application, have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;. Sikuli automates anything you see on the screen. It uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components. It is useful when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T15:55:14.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25033" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T18:08:11.517" Score="5" ViewCount="692" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you please tell me how to write test data in the page object pattern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I am using multiple packages. One is for locators identification, another is for page factory for initializing elements, and the other is package utilities for common values like get url. I also have a test package for testing a login module. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I don't know is where should I put the test data class ?&#xA;Here is my selenium code..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1). I want to  keep the test data separately. Not scattering all over&#xA;  the script. Keep the test data in Json. And read it from there where&#xA;  ever it is necessary. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Still I'm getting confusing about where  Should I put the json format?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;main&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pageobject &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageobjects;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class HomePage {&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.NAME, using = &quot;username&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement username;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using = &quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement password;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH, using=&quot;//*[@id=\'login-container\']/form/div[3]/div/p/input[1]&quot; )&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;&#xA;    //enter  username&#xA;    public void  userLogin(String user, String pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        username.sendKeys(user);&#xA;        password.sendKeys(pass);&#xA;        button.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package steps;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import pageobjects.ClientPage;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginSteps {&#xA;&#xA;    public HomePage Login(String nam, String pas) {&#xA;        HomePage homePageObj = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver, HomePage.class);&#xA;        homePageObj.userLogin(nam,pas);&#xA;&#xA;        return homePageObj;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;util&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package util;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl=&quot;//http:qms&quot;;&#xA;    public DriverManager()&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;login &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; package login;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;&#xA;    import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;    import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;    import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    import static util.DriverManager.driver;&#xA;&#xA;    public class loginTest&#xA;    {&#xA;        @BeforeSuite(groups = {&quot;regression&quot;})&#xA;        public void initDriver(){&#xA;            DriverManager manager = new DriverManager();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        @DataProvider(name= &quot;login&quot;)&#xA;        public static java.lang.Object[][] loginData(){&#xA;&#xA;            return new Object[][]{{&quot;geoso&quot;,&quot;1&quot;},{&quot;ges&quot;,&quot;2&quot;},{&quot;geo&quot;,&quot;1&quot;}};&#xA;        }&#xA;        @Test(dataProvider = &quot;login&quot;)&#xA;        public void verifyValidLoginWithDataProvider(String userName,String password)&#xA;        {&#xA;            LoginSteps loginSteps= new LoginSteps();&#xA;            HomePage ex=loginSteps.Login(userName,password);&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Naveen&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T18:28:24.660" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T14:34:45.663" Title="keep test data of json format in pom patterm" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;pom&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25034" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T18:11:18.097" Score="99" ViewCount="21388" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work as a junior black box tester in a small software house. I work in a medical industry web application. I was assigned a module to test. I did a lot of research and risk analysis and logged at least 25 bugs/problems. Now I think that the developers are mad at me, as it indicates that their coding is not good enough and is a direct attack on their work efficiency, quality, and productivity. I see that they don't talk to me and are ignoring me. I have increased their work. They have fixed a few bugs but want to reject others. I have filed GUI defects, business process flow issues, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I stop filing too many bugs in the future, as it will show that I just file them without researching, just to get noticed? It seems like I want to increase the bug count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23547" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:39:56.777" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T09:55:40.093" Title="Should a tester feel bad about finding too many defects/bugs in the product?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;good-practices&gt;" AnswerCount="17" CommentCount="21" FavoriteCount="23" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-23T18:58:19.420" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there someone responsible for deciding what bugs should be fixed? If so, how do they feel about it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a specification that the software is not meeting?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to log everything that is actually a bug. You should log things that an end user would think is a bug even if it meets the spec. Whether they should be fixed is a discussion and you have to pick your battles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may need to adjust your approach. I find the leading question to be pretty effective: Hey I noticed this thing that I found confusing, is this what was intended?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to let the developers know that you are on their side and that it is a collaborative effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the short version is, file everything and don't intentionally be a jerk. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T18:58:19.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-23T19:08:38.223" Score="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is only one situation where a tester should feel guilty about finding too many bugs in a product, and that's if all the bugs that are found are symptoms of the same bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was working on a game that had integrated help with hyperlinks inside, and there was a bug where if you clicked on a hyperlink, it went to the home page rather than the correct page.  We had one tester that decided to file a bug against each hyperlink rather than the root bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As QA, our responsibility is to find and report issues in such a way that it can help a developer fix the issues we find.  Part of that involves ensuring that our signal-to-noise ratio is as good as we can make it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19271" LastEditorUserId="19271" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T20:39:53.010" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T20:39:53.010" CommentCount="17" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25028" CreationDate="2017-01-23T19:13:38.030" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find all elements by class an put them in a list. Then you iterate over the list and click the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@class='fa fa-pencil-square-o']&quot;));&#xA;for(WebElement e : list){&#xA;  e.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. Note the diference between 'findElement' and 'findElements'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T19:13:38.030" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25038" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T19:28:46.720" Score="2" ViewCount="1920" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium webdriver under python on a Debian jessie machine. The browser I am currently testing is Chrome (version 55) with chromedriver (version 2.27).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I send the string &lt;code&gt;1/2/3&lt;/code&gt; to a textarea input with &lt;code&gt;send_keys&lt;/code&gt;what gets inserted is &lt;code&gt;321&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that when I use the Firefox geckodriver, I do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; see this behavior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; After some more investigation, I believe my problems lies with my Windows/X-windows communication. Some detail: for testing I normally open a Cygwin X-Windows session on my Windows desktop, ssh into a Linux server inside that X-windows session, and run the Selenium tests on that Linux server. This is where I see the strange problem with the forward slashes. However, when I run the tests &lt;em&gt;directly&lt;/em&gt; on the Linux server with its own X-Windows session, the problem goes away. But I really want this testing to work with the Windows environment, so I still need a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="659" LastEditorUserId="659" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T04:25:17.347" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T00:35:46.540" Title="Selenium send_keys on chromium confused by forward slashes" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25039" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25045" CreationDate="2017-01-23T19:40:18.370" Score="2" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have my selenium test send an email whenever there is an error, this is hard coded into my test however I am looking to see if it is possible to call it from an external file so I can just edit the Email file instead of having to go into the code and change it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way i'm getting it to email is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;catch (Exception e) {&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    new SendMail(&quot;senderemail&quot;,&quot;reciveremail&quot;,e); } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which calls it directly from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public SendMail(String fromMail,String tomail, Exception e ) {&#xA;    Properties props = new Properties();&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.host&quot;, &quot;smtp.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.socketFactory.port&quot;, &quot;465&quot;);&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.socketFactory.class&quot;,&quot;javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory&quot;);&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.auth&quot;, &quot;true&quot;);&#xA;    props.put(&quot;mail.smtp.port&quot;, &quot;465&quot;);&#xA;    Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, new javax.mail.Authenticator() {&#xA;        protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {&#xA;            return new PasswordAuthentication(&quot;xxxxxxx&quot;,&quot;xxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; How can I get my selenium to get a list from an external file of emails to send them out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Updated code of what finally works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String fileName = &quot;/Users/cdolan/Desktop/liness.txt&quot;;&#xA;String Email = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;try(BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileName)) {  &#xA;    while ((Email = br.readLine()) !=null) {&#xA;        &amp;lt;Test code here goes here&amp;gt;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;catch(Exception e) {&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    new SendMail(&quot;email123@gmail.com&quot;,Email,e); }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T11:56:59.523" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T11:56:59.523" Title="Selenium Email external list" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25040" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25064" CreationDate="2017-01-23T19:58:00.590" Score="1" ViewCount="1873" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm automating the input to a search bar; the program work fine when using chrome driver, but fails when I try to use PhantomJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The text that should go in the search bar is not being typed properly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement searchBar =  driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.sbox-ui-input&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;searchBar.sendKeys(query);&#xA;util.waitFor(3); // we wait to get all the possible suggestions&#xA;searchBar.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;action.sendKeys(searchBar, query).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of them are working. Is there another way to 'type' the text in the input/search bar?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often had a similar problem when clicking certain buttons, so I had a script like this that worked with PhantomJS:    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement commentsRecent = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;button.someButtonClass&quot;)).get(1);&#xA;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, commentsRecent);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there something similar for sending text input?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17870" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T11:54:56.660" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T11:55:10.263" Title="PhantomJS not sending keys to input" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-23T20:47:16.480" Score="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your job is to find bugs that could negatively impact those using the program, and in the health arena, these bugs could also potentially impact patients as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find flaws and true bugs that need to be addressed, you should flag them, end of the story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience with testing comes from beta testing games, which I know is a less vital task, but the end result is the same.  The more things that are corrected before the launch of the product, the better the initial sales will be and the better the reception of the product will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't worry too much about how the coders respond to you.  They do work hard at what they do, and it is a blow to the ego/pride to have someone find flaws in your work (again, personal experience).  But as long as you are not rubbing these flaws in their faces, or acting high and mighty about things, any friction should pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, everyone just needs to work at their given functions as best as they can to ensure that the product released is in the best possible state.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And don't worry, the general public will find bugs that even you missed. (personal experience again, lol)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23553" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-17T05:35:28.307" LastActivityDate="2020-03-17T05:35:28.307" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25043" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-23T20:55:19.193" Score="3" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;The AUT is built with LAMP* Stack and is the Intranet Home app and is going to be used by almost all employees of a large corporation. &#xA;Application Performance Testing is carried out using HPE suite of tools (LoadRunner).&#xA;The average user load is determined to be 150 users, average hourly page views is determined to be approx 4000/hour and we already did an endurance test as described below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ramp up 75 users, 2 every 20 seconds &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run for 6 hours &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ramp down 30 users from it simultaneously&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the 45 users for another 4 hours &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ramp down another 15 users simultaneously&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run for another 2 hours with the users(30) left&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then ramp &lt;strong&gt;up&lt;/strong&gt; another 45 users and repeat above steps for next 12 hours.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is wrong with the above strategy?  Should we have run&#xA;the test for a lower transaction target but using the same number as&#xA;baseline (150) users? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What should be the key metrics we should&#xA;be looking for as a part of the endurance test? Where should we be looking for answers? I am not talking&#xA;about 'Long Term Application stability' kind of answers. More&#xA;details would definitely help&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*LAMP Stack - Drupal, Varnish &amp;amp; Redis for Caching, Apache, MySQL/MariaDB mostly on Oracle Linux.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you would like more details. &#xA;Thanks for all the help so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20993" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:22:41.533" Title="Endurance testing strategy needed for a LAMP Stack application" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-23T21:01:34.523" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not stop finding bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to adjust how you report them. As RomSteady pointed out, creating a ticket for each failed link when all have the same root cause is not efficient, and it can look like a tester attempting to inflate the number of bugs reported. A better way would be to report a single bug and list all the known links (or whatever common element your situation includes) in that single bug report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you on an agile team with grooming sessions? If so, do you offer your opinion on acceptance criteria and how you will test features? If so, you will give developers a better idea of what tests their code needs to pass in order to pass QA. They should know already, but sometimes they are focused on the happy-path and not on all the tests that QA will apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned GUI, business logic, and &quot;some good genuine bugs too&quot;. All of those are genuine bugs, but if your team is focused on getting the logic correct and GUI will be covered in a future effort, you might want to focus less on the GUI testing. A discussion with your QA manager or with the product owner should clear up what is expected in each phase (assuming that you have different phases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The alternative to you finding bugs is for your customer to find them. No one wants that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2606" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T21:01:34.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25039" CreationDate="2017-01-23T21:05:54.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before your SendMail class, you can include a file upload method that will upload a file, then you can read the lines of the file and pass those emails into the SendMail method in a loop:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Each email address would need to be on a new line with no blank lines.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String fileName = &quot;c://lines.txt&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileName))) {&#xA;&#xA;        String line;&#xA;        while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {&#xA;            //sends email to each line in the text file&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;text line: &quot; + line);&#xA;            new SendEmail(&quot;senderEmail&quot;, line);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastEditorUserId="15298" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T21:22:18.603" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T21:22:18.603" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-23T21:09:16.813" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, of-course not, not even when you find defects in an application that you already tested and did not change. Think about it this way, you keep growing and learning. So you will find better ways to find defects. Unless you slacked and took shortcuts on purpose, maybe then you should be feeling bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do talk with the developers why they are ignoring you. Ask them how you can better help them. Learn what would best improve your process to prevent defects, instead of finding them after coding try to prevent them during or before coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester, you have a signaling function. Ever defect you find is a signal something got through the quality-process. Just be sure you do not doubt yourself. If you think it is a defect report it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some signals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability / UX defects, maybe you need a better designer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional defects, maybe the developers need to test their work better &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirement defects, maybe the business needs more communication with developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business logic defects, maybe the developers need to write more unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trivial defects, maybe you need a triage to categorize defects before developers get them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recurring defects, maybe you need automated (end-2-end) tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security defects, maybe you need to do external security audits&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unreproducable defect, maybe you need to write better reproduction steps, prevent ping-pong with developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a quick list of possible issues and possible actions. I would advise to do a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analyses&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for your defects and try to catch the real root causes instead of solving symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Define a quality standard with the whole development team. That includes developers, testers, but also business people, sponsors, and managers. Write down the expectation and keep in improving your quality-process after each defect coming through the process. Just make sure everyone has the same goal in order to prevent the things you describe. Naturally, I think everyone wants to deliver high quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T08:58:55.550" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T08:58:55.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25039" CreationDate="2017-01-23T21:33:18.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure why you want to send emails from your Selenium test code, but most companies let test-results be handled by a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt; server. Instead of writing your own test-error handling let the CI do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All CI-servers have options to send out e-mails to developers and testers when a test is failing. But it also has other means of reporting, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://slack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;#Slack&lt;/a&gt; integration or sms. The CI-server can even send emails to the developers who broke the build. This by starting a test run for each commit/checkin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here some CI-servers for on premise&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://jenkins.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or some in the cloud&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.snap-ci.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.snap-ci.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://codeship.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://codeship.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/308515/whats-the-point-of-running-unit-tests-on-a-ci-server&quot;&gt;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/308515/whats-the-point-of-running-unit-tests-on-a-ci-server&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:45:56.507" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T21:33:18.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25043" CreationDate="2017-01-23T21:50:09.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my personal opinions, I have a few points (&lt;strong&gt;in strong font&lt;/strong&gt;.) to add:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;The average user load is determined to be 150 users&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;what is your peak user load?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;average hourly page views is determined to be approx 4000/hour&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;what is your peak page view per hour?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ramp up 75 users, 2 every 20 seconds and run for 6 hours&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;by the end of 6 hours, would you have 75 users in total? It is not really clear why you would not have 150 users (the average user load)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ramp down 30 users from it simultaneously&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;I am assuming this 30 users have logged off and gone home, but where you got this number 30 from? It that a guess?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Run the 45 users for another 4 hours&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;with 30 users gone, now you have 45 users left.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ramp down another 15 users simultaneously&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;is 15 a guess or an average value?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Run for another 2 hours with the users(30) left&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;most users are offline, only 30 left.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;Then ramp up another 45 users and repeat above steps for next 12 hours.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have done a very good job on simulating how the amount of load would vary over a course of a day, well done. &#xA;Below are my suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You mentioned the average load is 150 users, yet you were testing against 75 users; in reality, the load would be heavier than you have tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How you calculated the number of users is unclear as I stated above.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have not explicitly tested against hourly page view (4000) yet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test approach is linear in nature and has sudden chop-offs. E.g. you add 2 users every 20 seconds and 30 users &amp;amp; 15 users are removed out of sudden. In reality, it is unlikely for users to log on linearly and log off suddenly all together. May I suggest you introduce a more realistic logging on and logging off trends?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key matrices that may be useful to you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average response time, it may become degraded over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average time between failure, how long does it take for your system to fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Average time for a user to stay, e.g. between log in and log off&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-01-23T22:06:37.807" LastActivityDate="2017-01-23T22:06:37.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-24T01:04:33.120" Score="23" Body="&lt;p&gt;Obviously you shouldn't feel bad for doing your job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for feeling good and being sure you really are doing your job well however there are a number of other things you can consider.  Your feelings of inadequacy and being disliked will be greatly helped by focusing on some of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Know what the business metrics for quality are.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Make sure bugs respect the business priority.  Bugs that affect new signups are more important to some businesses than bugs that affect new orders and vice-versa.  They also can have different priorities at different stages of a companies life-cycle.  What is considered a bug worth fixing will often be different for a startup compared to a large corporation because of the resources that can be applied and because of the need.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;File the type of bugs that get fixed.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Over time you will start getting a good sense of what the company values fixing.  Focus on those sort of bug reports over the sort of ones that never get fixed despite your best presentation and explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;File good bug reports.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Make sure your steps to reproduce, screenshots, initial variables, browser used, etc. are all well documented.  Make sure that the steps to reproduce are clear and easy to follow.  Make it easy for a junior developer to follow.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't expect developers to be excited about bugs the way Quality Engineers are.&#xA;QE folks can punch the sky when they find a really odd or obscure or hard-to-reproduce bug.  Developers are more likely to punch them. haha&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get good feedback.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Meet weekly with management and make sure are doing what they want.  Then worry less about those developers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be a quality advocate.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Push for more QE involvement, push for good standards and good ideas, show that you care about your craft.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be a customer advocate.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Speak for their point of view - It's not that &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; find the dropdown hard to use, it's that the business has a wide diversity of users including older users with browsers magnified and the dropdown doesn't fit in the designed layout box for them, leading to word wrap, blah, blah&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aim for respect, not friends.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Some developers may resent you a little, but over time you may be surprised to find how much they value you.  If you stay true to your beliefs, over time you will be trusted and relied on to perform your role.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn the back end.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As best you can try and learn what you can of the back end.  The ability to peruse logs examine databases, view browsers network requests can be hugely useful for developers looking at your bugs&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn and apply automation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It will leverage and supplement your QE manual testing knowledge.  Doubling your income is also common - just in case that interests you.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be prepared for much patience.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I recently worked in a situation where 80% of UI bugs went in the backlog for 6 months.  Then hires were made and catch up was done. Much patience was required.  Think of such a backlog as the justification for more dev and qe hires and for more emphasis on quality upfront.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pay attention to tone when talking about bugs.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Make sure you criticize the functionality and say why not the person or any motivations you might perceive (correctly or not) them as having.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ignore the paranoid thoughts&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Talk to your boss and make sure you are doing the job they want.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Become an expert in the business domain&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Learn the details of the industry, the business and the customers so that when you file bugs and when you have discussions you can bring this additional knowledge to the conversation, the knowledge that developers may not have.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Look to be physically embedded with the development team rather than sitting in another area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Constantly innovate with new ways to test, new devices to test, new approaches to use&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Learn, teach and connect with other Quality Engineer professionals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember to think Add Value.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In any particular testing or bug reporting activity, think about whether you are adding value to the business as the business measures it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example my business measures revenue from web usage.  I pushed for better webform error reporting (better usability and accessibility). My company measured the increased revenue of $1m a year.  I am helping them to meet their primary quality goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-17T05:37:20.123" LastActivityDate="2020-03-17T05:37:20.123" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-24T04:28:02.080" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally, you should file all bugs as long as they're unique and and you describe them well, including a reproduction scenario and any other relevant data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I have worked in a place where we weren't allowed by management to file more than X development hours worth of bugs, nor were we allowed to file bugs that couldn't get scheduled. So we had to talk to the developers informally to gauge the expected time per bug. And on one package we could file no bugs since the responsible developer simply wouldn't work on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line: do what seems reasonable first, if complaints come in, do as you're told.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23570" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T04:28:02.080" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25053" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-24T05:37:42.213" Score="2" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to perform penetration testing and assess the network traffic using a packet analyzer. Which tool is used by most people? How does it compare to other Applications, what is the state-of-the-art?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is &lt;strong&gt;Wireshark&lt;/strong&gt; the right choice as a network packet analyzer? How does it differ from an penetration-testing framework like e.g. &lt;em&gt;metasploit&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other applications are there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="23578" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T09:58:32.607" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:58:32.607" Title="What is the best tool for network packet analyzing?" Tags="&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-01-24T09:07:33.487" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25054" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25073" CreationDate="2017-01-24T06:33:27.067" Score="0" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to do penetration testing, I'm scanning  the vulnerability of My Web Application using &lt;code&gt;VEGA&lt;/code&gt; tool. I did this using &lt;code&gt;proxy mode&lt;/code&gt; set the manual proxy and recorded the actions after login in the site, also navigated some form submission. After these few actions I'm seeing the complete summary of my scan. Some priorities are showing high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o6gnz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o6gnz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When Expand the url where it is, It shows some information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gGCRw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gGCRw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter code here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things are not much clear How the given URL is vulnerable ?. How do I reproduce the same to break the system ? and what should be done to avoid the problem ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T23:36:57.787" Title="How to analyze the result of vulnerability scanner" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25030" CreationDate="2017-01-24T08:33:52.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most probably the answer is &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt;, it depends on what protocol(s) your application is using, JMeter is a multiprotocol tool and it can mimic the following protocols out of the box:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FTP via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#FTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Databases via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JDBC Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LDAP via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#LDAP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LDAP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mail via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#SMTP_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SMTP Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Mail_Reader_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mail Reader Sampler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MQ via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-jms-topic-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMS Samplers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Custom protocols via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Sampler&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Java_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler or &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JUnit_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUnit Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler (you may need to have extra libraries in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#classpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Classpath&lt;/a&gt;)   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-run-performance-tests-desktop-applications-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Run Performance Tests of Desktop Applications Using JMeter&lt;/a&gt; to get the overall idea and some insights. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T08:33:52.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25043" CreationDate="2017-01-24T09:22:41.533" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given 4000 requests per hour and the fact the application will be used only internally (response time is not crucial) I don't think you have to do any load testing as 4000 requests per hour is just 1.11 requests per second. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally performance testing is done as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load Testing&lt;/a&gt; - put your application under anticipated load (in your case 150 concurrent users) for short period of time (1 - 2 hours) to see what response time looks like, whether it meets your expectations, are there any errors, etc. Make sure to increase and decrease the load &lt;strong&gt;gradually&lt;/strong&gt; to see the trends (i.e. what is the correlation between virtual users number increased twice and application response time, throughput, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soak_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Soak Testing&lt;/a&gt; - slightly less virtual users (i.e. 100) but for longer period (overnight or weekend) to see if there are memory leaks or other unexpected errors. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stress Testing&lt;/a&gt; - basically checking application boundaries, i.e.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how many concurrent users can be served while response time is acceptable (doesn't exceed SLA)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is the maximum amount of concurrent users which may be served unless errors start occuring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how does the system behave when the load gets back to normal (does it recover)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is the first bottleneck, i.e. which component fails first (NB. it may be lack of resources as well so make sure you monitor baseline health metrics on application under test side)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/why-%E2%80%98normal%E2%80%99-load-testing-isn%E2%80%99t-enough&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Why ‘Normal’ Load Testing Isn’t Enough&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on above performance testing techniques and why they all are required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:22:41.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25054" CreationDate="2017-01-24T09:27:56.133" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9bzHz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9bzHz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the picture you supplied here, one can see that your application &lt;em&gt;might be&lt;/em&gt; vulnerble to user-manipulated GET-requests, as stated in the report your assessment-tool supplied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. one could change EventId to something like &lt;code&gt;../../&lt;/code&gt; which &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; be a LFI (Local File Inclusion) vulnerability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same is true for &lt;code&gt;FirstName, LastName, EmailID, ZipCode, PhoneNumber..&lt;/code&gt; &#xA;Make sure those user-supplied values are &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Data_Validation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sanitized correctly&lt;/a&gt; to avoid any attacking-vectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Especially if your backend is PHP, which mostly lacks typesafety, XSS (Cross-site scripting) is easily possible if you don't sanitize (-&gt; checking if the user-supplied values are allowed values, e.g. &quot;LastName&quot; should only consist of characters...)  your userinput correclty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23578" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:27:56.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24992" CreationDate="2017-01-24T09:36:39.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having done some further investigation myself, it appears there are multiple ways to extract parts of the tests from Zephyr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use the 'Search' function to locate a test and then choose to Export via the Export button in the test case frame itself then you get a summary of the test information but WITHOUT the test steps. If you use the 'Search' function to locate a test and then choose to Export via the Export button in the test case frame itself then you get a summary of the test information but WITHOUT the test steps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use the Export button from the top of the window (there should be 'Share', 'Export' and 'Tools' buttons) you get additional options. Selecting the option for 'Excel (All fields)' will extract full test case information, including all the fields.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A slightly quicker way to extract them is to Search for executed tests and from the 'Executed Tests Summary', select a test via the checkbox next to the test and select 'Export'. This gives the option to extract the test information, including test steps, as CSV, XLS, HTML, XML or RSS.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a large file and the test step information not readily apparent. (My steps were started in column CH!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also worth noting that each line within the test step appears in a different cell, so importing to another tool will definitely require a lot of reformatting of the test step information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T09:36:39.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25061" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25063" CreationDate="2017-01-24T09:40:41.760" Score="5" ViewCount="20296" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to select/navigate to a menu item in the provided URL. I tried Actions but It was not working. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://enterprise-demo.orangehrmlive.com/auth/login&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://enterprise-demo.orangehrmlive.com/auth/login&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uid/pwd : admin/admin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to select a menu navigation (e.g: Admin-&gt;User Management-&gt;User Roles)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By admin = By.id(&quot;menu_admin_viewAdminModule&quot;);&#xA;By uMgmt = By.id(&quot;menu_admin_UserManagement&quot;);&#xA;By uRoles = By.id(&quot;menu_admin_viewUserRoles&quot;);&#xA;By username = By.id(&quot;searchSystemUser_userName&quot;);&#xA;By search = By.id(&quot;searchBtn&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver2 = driver;&#xA;Actions act = new Actions(driver2);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement wadmin = driver2.findElement(admin);&#xA;WebElement wusermgmt = driver2.findElement(uMgmt);&#xA;WebElement wuserroles = driver2.findElement(uRoles);&#xA;&#xA;act.moveToElement(wadmin).moveToElement(wusermgmt).moveToElement(wuserroles).click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-01-24T11:48:12.350" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T11:54:05.953" Title="how do perform menu list selection in web application using selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-24T10:27:16.437" Score="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm going to address what I feel is the elephant in the room here because none of the other answers has really mentioned it yet. Note that this answer is based on the wording of the question. I may be misinterpreting this wording, this is my conclusion based on word choice and sentence structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finding bugs is fine because that's what you're paid for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I think the real problem here is not that you find so many bugs, but that finding those bugs has given you a certain boost to your ego. From reading your word choices (&quot;excellent work&quot;, &quot;threat to other's job security&quot;, &quot;I'm revealing their mistakes&quot;,...), I get a certain impression of you. I get the impression that you think you are much better than your coworkers, both in the testing department and in the development department. And because you think you are better, you act like you are better, both towards us and your coworkers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether or not you actually ARE better is beside the point. The point is that your coworkers dislike you because you appear to be flaunting your findings in their faces and not showing a measure of humility. This is not an &quot;I am too good at my job&quot; problem, this is an &quot;I'm too big for my boots&quot; problem. As long as you are acting like you are the only competent person at your job, your coworkers will not like you. People who act like that are often one of the first to be targeted during reorganisations because they have a big impact on coworker morale and productivity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, finding a lot of bugs is fine and should be encouraged. Acting like you're amazing because you find so many bugs and rubbing it in the faces of your coworkers is NOT fine and should not happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23581" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-17T05:36:20.163" LastActivityDate="2020-03-17T05:36:20.163" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25061" CreationDate="2017-01-24T11:31:15.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Actions API&lt;/a&gt; for that, given that the browser you use supports it. The following should do the trick with Chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moves the mouse over the &quot;Admin&quot; button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Waits until the &quot;User Management&quot; button is visible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Moves the mouse over the &quot;User Management&quot; button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Waits until the &quot;Users&quot; button is visible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clicks the &quot;Users&quot; button:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Java&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement admin = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//b[contains(., 'Admin')]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;new Actions(driver).moveToElement(admin).perform();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement userManagement = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;menu_admin_UserManagement&quot;)));&#xA;new Actions(driver).moveToElement(userManagement).perform();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement users = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;menu_admin_viewSystemUsers&quot;)));&#xA;users.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23520" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T11:31:15.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25040" CreationDate="2017-01-24T13:17:50.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try to wait for the searchBar than try to get the cursor(Focus) to desired &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; using &lt;code&gt;.clear()&lt;/code&gt; and then try to send keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Initialise instance of WebDriverWait class with 30 seconds of wait time.&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver , 30)&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.sbox-ui-input&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement searchBar =  driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.sbox-ui-input&quot;));&#xA;Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;searchBar.clear(); //Get the cursor(Focus) to the searchBar&#xA;searchBar.sendKeys(query);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T11:55:10.263" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T11:55:10.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-24T13:37:43.220" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this is a medical application you are talking about it is serious stuff. What if the bugs affected real users? Developers would be much less happy if they put in life threat someone or if management has to retire a product or make public excuses. Nowadays it is pretty standard for software having minor bugs, but a medical application should be as much as bug-free as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good developer should not be angry about bugs, but rather be happy, and a good manager already know how software development work so should not put under too much pressure its team unless really necessary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It has been caught before product release&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is pretty standard for a programmer fixing bugs daily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have to focus on programming it is hard also to focus on testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A tester Always reports bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A regular user usually not (unless particularly angry or determined)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the user is your client, he will report bugs and he will not be happy if the project already cost him much money or required a good amount of time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Literally a project for which bugs are not reported at least on a weekly basis:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Too simple project: no value every other company could easily create a better clone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not much-used project: maybe there are bugs but no one incurred in them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bad management: if there are no bugs it's time to move on further work (extra features or different projects).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bug fixes should drive development, they give a correct idea of what should work and is not working, this allows to manage priorities between fixes and features&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In important projects it makes sense adding automated testing so that every fix and feature comes with new tests that avoid breaking pre-existing functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23589" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:14:12.200" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:14:12.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-24T14:19:09.710" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to reconsider what is a bug and what is not a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe your coworkers are just lazy or hurt by the criticism. If that's the only thing going on - that's their problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But maybe some of the stuff is not a real bug or problem? Especially if they want to reject it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You see something as a &quot;business flow issue&quot;. But maybe there was some genuine reason (particular case that you didn't notice) why it is made the way it is and can't be done otherwise? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe there is a problem that you didn't understand the way something was intended to be done? In that case you filed &quot;this is done wrong&quot; while the actual problem was that the intended workflow wasn't clear enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or maybe they were specifically told by a manager to create worklow in a certain way that you see as &quot;GUI defect&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you see a bug - just report it. If you see a flow issue, you should bring it up in a way of discussion - &quot;why is it done like this? it seems to me that it might be easier if done this way&quot;. Don't just insist that you are right and know how everything should be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23587" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T14:19:09.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-24T15:02:01.240" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple answer 'NO!'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Complex answer 'No, provided you are doing the following...:'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are reporting relevant bugs (i.e. deviation from requirements) or things which can be shown to impact functional or non-functional aspects of the system, not merely things you think should be better&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You aren't duplicating bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are reporting the bugs in such as way as to make the bug easily recreatable for the developer so they can easily find the root cause&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are reporting problems with the application, not problems with the developer. Blame is a bad thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastEditorUserId="23465" LastEditDate="2017-01-25T08:15:32.287" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T08:15:32.287" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-01-24T15:53:10.677" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is perfectly understandable to feel bad about finding too may defects in the product: people prefer to cheer for the winning team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The team is not the testing department, it is the company.  So if you find that you can put work on the developers' plates faster than they can work it off (as well as do new developments), you are part of a process locking your team down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is no reason to rejoice.  So you need to figure out how you can best contribute to improving your team's performance.  That means prioritizing bugs, trying to track down possible root causes or pinpointing who might best work on the bugs, trying to group several symptoms into a single bug where possible, queuing bugs possibly resolved by other fixes or ongoing developments in your personal to-be-checked-later queue in order to maximize efficiency of dealing with the workload you uncover.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically you want to maximize the improvement of the product as a result of the workload channeled due to your part of the team work (which are more than just your own working hours).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are valid reasons for treating the tested product as a black box.  But don't treat your team as a black box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23593" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T15:53:10.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16706" CreationDate="2017-01-24T16:27:10.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there should be some level of impact reporting in all bug reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If following ISTQB/ISEB standards then this is accomplished via Severity and Priority measures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Severity is the functional impact, rated 1 to 5 (1 - Crashes, 5 - Cosmetic issue)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Priority is the business impact and desire to fix it, rated 1 to 5 (1 - FIX NOW!, 5 - Fix it eventually)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding these measures in helps those assessing the urgency to fix an issue to determine the full impact of the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;We find 2 bugs in an application, both crash the system.&#xA;Both are therefore Severity 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if one bug only occurs for clients called Zaphod on the third Wednesday in August....the priority to fix it will be understandably lower due to the fact it is unlikely to occur often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assigning priorities can involve a discussion with a Business owner/analyst to ensure that the impact is fully understood and should form part of the defect management strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T16:27:10.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25061" CreationDate="2017-01-24T16:40:32.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can perform this by using &lt;code&gt;linkText&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;partialLinkText&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;yourChromeLocation\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://enterprise-demo.orangehrmlive.com/&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtUsername&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Admin&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txtPassword&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;btnLogin&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement admin = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//b[contains(., 'Admin')]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;new Actions(driver).moveToElement(admin).perform();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement userManagement = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;menu_admin_UserManagement&quot;)));&#xA;new Actions(driver).moveToElement(userManagement).perform();&#xA;//driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(&quot;User Roles&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement users = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(&quot;User Roles&quot;)));&#xA;users.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23596" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T11:54:05.953" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T11:54:05.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24970" CreationDate="2017-01-24T20:31:36.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was using the @Unpack decorator on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@data((&quot;employeeeee&quot;),(&quot;testeeer&quot;))&#xA;def test_adding_client(self,naming):&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like the unpack decorator should be used when there are more than one arguments&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@data((&quot;employeeeee&quot;,&quot;CEO&quot;),(&quot;testeeer&quot;,&quot;CFO&quot;))&#xA;@unpack&#xA;def test_adding_client(self,naming,position1):&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17828" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T20:31:36.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25054" CreationDate="2017-01-24T23:36:57.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Essentially what Gewure said.  The vulnerability you posted an image of is for what is called &quot;command injection&quot;.  The resulting HTML was because the scanner was able to craft a GET that then returns that data, un-sanitized, back into the page your service creates when sent that GET request.  It's likely not the request that is problematic, it is what happens with what is passed in via that request on the back end that is problematic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that a malicious actor could then start placing other values within those GET parameters which would act on the hosting system and potentially cause an confidentiality exposure at the least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, if this is passed to a local process which then checks against the system or a DB, then returns data, things like placing &quot;cat%20%2Fetc%2Fpasswd%3Bcat%2Fetc%2Fshadow&quot; as a parameter, which would dump users and their password hashes to the resulting HTML page (as a very simple example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, sanitize your inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://xkcd.com/327/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://xkcd.com/327/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T23:36:57.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22683" CreationDate="2017-01-24T23:58:35.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are open source and free (as in beer) versions of vulnerability scanners.  Some of which will perform similar tests to Acunetix.  Some of which will only have a subset of those tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many of them, however, are not bundled up as nicely and won't provide the snazzy features/interface Acunetix does.  The two primary ones I can think of are Vega, which has already been mentioned, and OpenVAS.  Both will perform similar types of tests against your endpoints, but neither will have that full functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Jerry Penner noted, ZAP can do some of this as well, though it requires manual configuration and supplying many of the non-generic test cases yourself.  Burp PRO (which is what ZAP emulates) costs about $300 a year for a license, and is well maintained and has several built in tools that update regularly.  I am a big fan of Burp and use it almost daily.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://portswigger.net/burp/editions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://portswigger.net/burp/editions.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2017-01-24T23:58:35.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25075" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-25T00:52:07.083" Score="1" ViewCount="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an app that loads an email in an iframe. Next to the iframe is a long list of options (hundreds of options). Writing text in an option updates email text in the iframe. selecting a border color from the options changes the border color in the iframe, and on, and on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a dozen email templates, and each one has several dozen to hundreds of options. Testing is critical because occasionally there are duplicate fields that do nothing and other bugs having to do with the kinds of emails we are building.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even using page objects this is incredibly long. In this situation do testers write a script for each option, or do they write a function that crawl all inputs, write some text in them depending on what the input is supposed to do (by checking label heading), and then switch to iFrame to find a change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17137" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T00:52:07.083" Title="What are some recommended selenium strategies for deal with long list of input options that update a live preview?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-25T09:16:35.900" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17267" CreationDate="2017-01-25T01:59:23.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest looking into running your tests on browserstack, or another site with similar capabilities.   &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/automate/capabilities&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com/automate/capabilities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is some info to get you up and running: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blog.wishtack.com/single-post/2015/05/07/Cross-Browser-Testing-test-automation-with-Protractor-and-Browserstack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.blog.wishtack.com/single-post/2015/05/07/Cross-Browser-Testing-test-automation-with-Protractor-and-Browserstack&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23615" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T01:59:23.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25078" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25081" CreationDate="2017-01-25T06:28:50.820" Score="1" ViewCount="4137" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using testNG with selenium to write my test cases, I observed a strange problem that is When I run my test cases, and if any test case fails or any other exception occur in between the test case execution, the AfterTest method doesn't run but the driver.quit() method is written only inside the AfterTest method, so in this case it doesn't actually quits the driver and it keeps running even after test case execution is finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other problem is that during the execution my application opens the new windows of browser but when the execution is successfully completed only single window is closed on which I am working and the other browser windows remained open. Kindly advice some good approach t o handle this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-01-25T06:46:15.497" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T09:09:04.250" Title="How to close all the browser instances and chromeDriver.exe even if my test cases fails?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25078" CreationDate="2017-01-25T06:46:06.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to try and catch exceptions when your test fails, when handling your test failure exceptions, you can do some test cleaning up there, including close your browser instance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will need to refactor your code to achieve this.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not understand your second problem, can you please add more info?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T06:46:06.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25078" CreationDate="2017-01-25T10:12:47.880" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you set &lt;code&gt;@AfterTest(alwaysRun=true)&lt;/code&gt; then the method will be called even if a test is failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#annotations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;alwaysRun -&gt; For after methods (afterSuite, afterClass, ...): If set to true,&#xA;  this configuration method will be run even if one or more methods&#xA;  invoked previously failed or was skipped.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23406" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T10:12:47.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26974" CreationDate="2017-01-25T14:49:18.690" Score="10" ViewCount="14112" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.joecolantonio.com/top-8-essential-javascript-automation-frameworks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScript based automation frameworks&lt;/a&gt; heavily depends on  &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/748175/asynchronous-vs-synchronous-execution-what-does-it-really-mean&quot;&gt;asynchronous execution&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/primers/promises&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;promises&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Callback_function&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;callbacks&lt;/a&gt;, anonymous functions, etc which are inherently complex and probably an overkill for a straight forward task like UI test automation where we identify objects based on some locators and perform operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem Statement&lt;/strong&gt;: why should we choose JavaScript as a language for UI test automation considering it's fundamental asynchronous nature?&#xA;What are the trade-offs of choosing it as a language for test automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;: I have designed a couple of large automation frameworks using the protractor for multiple applications, but I want to understand the trade-off of choosing JavaScript as a language for UI test automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: I raised this question initially on Stack Overflow but as did not get much response so thought of this might be a better platform as focused on QA only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other Similar Questions&lt;/strong&gt;: Also I have seen other close question(as remarked by Peter),but I think that question is based on the premise where we already have large test base in python/other language but I am taking one more step back where we even don't have any tests in any language.Should we even then consider JavaScript as a language for UI test automation in first place considering its inherent complexity and quirkiness for straight forward task like UI automation???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-10-26T01:15:35.517" LastActivityDate="2018-10-26T01:15:35.517" Title="Why should we use javascript for UI test automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-25T16:16:04.760" Score="0" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bit of a weird one but I need to test a specific page on a site - Does anyone know of a web site or tool somewhere that i can provide the exact url to and it hit the site say 200 times or something along those lines?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23633" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T00:38:53.583" Title="Automated page visit" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25096" CreationDate="2017-01-25T16:18:31.630" Score="2" ViewCount="1046" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is currently using Bamboo and Jenkins for our build CI (depending on project) and we're moving into using TestRail for our test case management as Zephyr wasn't providing the necessary level of functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to directly integrate Bamboo and Jenkins into TestRail so that our build tests, etc run and automatically update TestRail?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T07:19:11.023" Title="Is it possible to integrate Bamboo and Jenkins with TestRail" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25082" CreationDate="2017-01-25T16:33:13.837" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have recently started with writing WebDriver tests in JavaScript and I have to agree that the asynchronous execution is adding an unneeded complexity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pro's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same test-runner as other (front-end) unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Everyone knows JavaScript (e.g. front-end development with Angular, Vue or React)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use JavaScript (e.g. NodeJS) also on the back-end, sticking to one language makes sense&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Con's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asynchronous execution complexity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hard to Google issues as most Selenium/WebDriver stuff is in Java (adding JavaScript barely helps)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We picked JavaScript because Java is a no go as our back-end is in C#. Also experience learned me not to add more programming-languages to the stack, certainly not any the developers had no experience with. C# WebDriver issues are just as hard to Google as JavaScript. Also I think C# bindings are not on par with Java and JavaScript as they get less commits on github.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JavaScript UI test frameworks&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to hide the Async complexity with JavaScript test frameworks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://codecept.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CodeceptJS&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nightmarejs.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nightmare&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nightwatch.js&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cypress.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cypress&lt;/a&gt; (Cypress replaces Selenium completely) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now we chosen to not research or use these frameworks mainly because one of our other teams decided to use plain selenium-webdriver for their tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Nightwatch.JS I created a minimal test (with PageObject model) and it worked pretty well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these frameworks look promising and might be worth researching if you want to use JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T06:16:03.880" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T06:16:03.880" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25083" CreationDate="2017-01-25T17:02:33.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many tools for loading websites. From &lt;a href=&quot;https://curl.haxx.se/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;command line tools like cURL&lt;/a&gt;, web testing tools like the well-known Selenium to &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web macro recorders like Kantu&lt;/a&gt; with record and replay features and a &quot;Loop&quot; button to load a website periodically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these tools can load a website. However, there is a difference: Kantu and Selenium use real web browser (e. g. Chrome) to load a website, whereas a command line tool like cURL does not. This might be important if you also want to run Javascript on the website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastEditorUserId="23331" LastEditDate="2017-01-25T22:12:15.860" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T22:12:15.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25087" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-25T18:50:47.297" Score="2" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to ask this time your view on what aspects would you consider to tickle when a strategic component like memory is replaced (in embedded system).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, the main goal is to ensure that the software/firmware can run smoothly without any problems, but due to drivers changes, memory partitions, memory access time or even memory technology replacement can lead to large change in the software/firmware infrastructure, so in cases like these what approach would you choose to validate the software/firmware?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23100" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:31:55.090" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:31:55.090" Title="Embedded system - external memory change" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;embedded&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-06-22T01:34:56.047" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25083" CreationDate="2017-01-25T19:22:29.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to do performance tester, selenium is not the right tool. Selenium is for functional or end-to-end tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For test performance there are tools like jMeter or Gatling that was built for this purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T19:22:29.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25078" CreationDate="2017-01-25T19:27:57.847" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just as a complement for Julien Herr answer, you can use &lt;code&gt;@AfterClass(alwaysRun = true)&lt;/code&gt; too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my project I prefer AfterClass because this way I can run all tests of a class in a single instance of the browser instead of opening and closing for each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastActivityDate="2017-01-25T19:27:57.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25083" CreationDate="2017-01-26T00:38:53.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used WinTask for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a routine part of my regression testing, I compare a list of pages on one site to the same pages on another site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote a quick WinTask script that takes a list or URLs from a file and compares each page in turn. It then logs any difference found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pretty simple stuff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T00:38:53.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T00:39:38.373" Score="1" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have checked Google for this error. But the solution has not been very helpful. I would appreciate your help, please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The URL of the webpage that I am trying to automate is: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.starwoodhotels.com/preferredguest/account/sign_in.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.starwoodhotels.com/preferredguest/account/sign_in.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code that I have written up to automate the login page is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace StarWood_Hotels_Valid_User_Login&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;            var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.starwoodhotels.com/preferredguest/account/sign_in.html&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Enter User Name - AutoTest1&#xA;            var user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;userName&quot;));&#xA;            user.SendKeys(&quot;AutoTest1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Enter Password - Testing123&#xA;            var pass = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;userPassword&quot;));&#xA;            pass.SendKeys(&quot;Testing123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on submit button &#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;actionLink right&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=======================================================================&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used HTML elements from Firebug to identify the necessary web elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;========================================================================&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;An unhandled exception of type 'OpenQA.Selenium.NoSuchElementException' occurred in WebDriver.dll&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional information: Unable to locate element: #userName&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T13:41:20.457" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T13:41:20.457" Title="Getting Error After Web Element Inspection" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T00:49:29.653" Score="3" ViewCount="211" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am manual QA engineer with 22 years of experience.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Now I need to work on automating a Web App in Cucumber/Ruby using Capybara libraries using Selenium to drive the browser (Firefox). Rspec for the test interface.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can anyone recommend a good book or course for Selenium working with Capybara? I have trouble as an older guy googling everything and I like more structure with a class or good book as opposed to searching through something like RubyDocs.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'd like to have something with more structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23652" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-12T15:48:26.770" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T15:48:26.770" Title="Advice for an experienced manual tester for working with Ruby automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25092" CreationDate="2017-01-26T01:16:24.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, I did an inspect on the page and I think that you're looking for the wrong element. The html is (I removed the unnecessary code):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;userName&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;input tabindex=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;login&quot; id=&quot;login&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; size=&quot;12&quot; maxlength=&quot;70&quot; value=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;logintextbox textField validate &quot; data-validationrules=&quot;isRequired,omnitureTrackingFrontEnd&quot; placeholder=&quot;Username or SPG number&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&#xA;...&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;userPassword&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;input name=&quot;password&quot; tabindex=&quot;2&quot; id=&quot;password&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; size=&quot;12&quot; maxlength=&quot;128&quot; value=&quot;&quot; data-validationrules=&quot;isRequired,omnitureTrackingFrontEnd&quot; class=&quot;logintextbox textField validate &quot; placeholder=&quot;Password&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should look for the input to send keys and not the div. And you're using &lt;code&gt;By.Id()&lt;/code&gt; and the correct is &lt;code&gt;By.className&lt;/code&gt; in this case.&#xA;And I'm not sure if the &lt;code&gt;var user = ...&lt;/code&gt; is correct too since I always use &lt;code&gt;WebElement user = ...&lt;/code&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to try the code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Enter User Name - AutoTest1&#xA;WebElement user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;login&quot;));&#xA;user.SendKeys(&quot;AutoTest1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Enter Password - Testing123&#xA;WebElement pass = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;pass.SendKeys(&quot;Testing123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Click on submit button&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;checkSubmit&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T01:16:24.997" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25084" CreationDate="2017-01-26T02:05:28.667" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestRail has a very simple API that you can use to push test run results.  In my company we are switching from Jenkins to Bamboo.  Our automation tests are written with RobotFramework.  All our tests use RobotFramework Tags to map the TestRailID to the test.  After an execution, we have a script that pushes the results of the test run from RF to TestRail using TestRail's API.  We also have a Bamboo job that executes the tests daily on  set schedules and can push those results to TestRail as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21903" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T02:05:28.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25013" CreationDate="2017-01-26T02:17:02.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should definitely separate your keywords from your tests and can use resource files to do so.  A good practice is to have a page object file that holds all the keywords for interacting directly with the page.  The page elements should be in variables and this file is where all the selenium keywords should be.  This way, if the UI changes, you only have to change this file and not each and every test.  The actual tests should read as plainly as possible so that non technical folks can clearly understand them.  Typically, don't use Selenium keywords here.  This will also make the results file much easier to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21903" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T02:17:02.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25092" CreationDate="2017-01-26T02:31:20.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firstly&lt;/strong&gt; I think you have taken the wrong id for username, password, signIn.&#xA;as suggested by @Thiago. Update your code with the right ids. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secondly,&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&quot;NoSuchElementException&quot; happens when the driver is not able you find the webelement.&#xA;In your case , as soon as you are navigating to the page. You are trying to enter the username and password.&#xA;I would suggest go to the page, wait for the webelements to get loaded, then enter the username and password.You can try the below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Initialise to WebDriverWait to wait for 30 seconds before throwing the &quot;NoSuchElementException&quot;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver , TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;&#xA;//This will wait for the WebElement 'user' till it is loaded and visible.&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.Id(&quot;login&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can enter the username , password and click on SignIn button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Enter User Name - AutoTest1&#xA;WebElement user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;login&quot;));&#xA;user.SendKeys(&quot;AutoTest1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Enter Password - Testing123&#xA;WebElement pass = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;pass.SendKeys(&quot;Testing123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Click on submit button&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;checkSubmit&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T02:31:20.750" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25099" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T04:30:29.293" Score="2" ViewCount="549" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a Java/TestNG UI automation framework and having some difficulties with test data management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use TestNG's DataProvider to pass data to the test method.&#xA;I need to pass about 30 variables to test an end to end scenario and I have about 150 scenarios to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saved each variable in a cell in an excel sheet and treat each row as a scenario. (150 rows, 30 cells in each row)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I read the items in one row, create my Java object using those variables and pass that object to my test method to test one scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Managing this data is a little difficult. Is there a preferred approach for this kind of problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11073" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T14:24:28.230" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T22:49:24.763" Title="Managing Test Data for UI testing" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25100" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T04:50:54.323" Score="1" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working with appium and installed idea intellij, android sdk, appium. when I run uiautomatorviewer    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;naveen@naveen-Inspiron-3542:~/Music/android-sdk-linux/tools$ uiautomatorviewer &#xA;    Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.ibm.icu.util.ULocale$Builder.build()Lcom/ibm/icu/util/ULocale;&#xA;        at com.ibm.icu.impl.javaspi.ICULocaleServiceProvider.addULocale(ICULocaleServiceProvider.java:206)&#xA;        at com.ibm.icu.impl.javaspi.ICULocaleServiceProvider.getLocales(ICULocaleServiceProvider.java:140)&#xA;        at com.ibm.icu.impl.javaspi.ICULocaleServiceProvider.getAvailableLocales(ICULocaleServiceProvider.java:53)&#xA;        at com.ibm.icu.impl.javaspi.util.CurrencyNameProviderICU.getAvailableLocales(CurrencyNameProviderICU.java:39)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.SPILocaleProviderAdapter$CurrencyNameProviderDelegate.addImpl(SPILocaleProviderAdapter.java:485)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.SPILocaleProviderAdapter$CurrencyNameProviderDelegate.addImpl(SPILocaleProviderAdapter.java:479)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.SPILocaleProviderAdapter$1.run(SPILocaleProviderAdapter.java:97)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.SPILocaleProviderAdapter$1.run(SPILocaleProviderAdapter.java:74)&#xA;        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.SPILocaleProviderAdapter.findInstalledProvider(SPILocaleProviderAdapter.java:74)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.AuxLocaleProviderAdapter.getLocaleServiceProvider(AuxLocaleProviderAdapter.java:70)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleServiceProviderPool.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(LocaleServiceProviderPool.java:133)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleServiceProviderPool.getPool(LocaleServiceProviderPool.java:111)&#xA;        at java.util.Currency.getSymbol(Currency.java:506)&#xA;        at java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols.initialize(DecimalFormatSymbols.java:648)&#xA;        at java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(DecimalFormatSymbols.java:113)&#xA;        at sun.util.locale.provider.DecimalFormatSymbolsProviderImpl.getInstance(DecimalFormatSymbolsProviderImpl.java:85)&#xA;        at java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols.getInstance(DecimalFormatSymbols.java:180)&#xA;        at java.util.Formatter.getZero(Formatter.java:2283)&#xA;        at java.util.Formatter.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Formatter.java:1892)&#xA;        at java.util.Formatter.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Formatter.java:1914)&#xA;        at java.lang.String.format(String.java:2940)&#xA;        at com.android.ddmlib.AndroidDebugBridge.checkAdbVersion(AndroidDebugBridge.java:583)&#xA;        at com.android.ddmlib.AndroidDebugBridge.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(AndroidDebugBridge.java:559)&#xA;        at com.android.ddmlib.AndroidDebugBridge.createBridge(AndroidDebugBridge.java:319)&#xA;        at com.android.uiautomator.DebugBridge.init(DebugBridge.java:68)&#xA;        at com.android.uiautomator.UiAutomatorViewer.main(UiAutomatorViewer.java:71)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; java -version&#xA;openjdk version &quot;1.8.0_111&quot;&#xA;OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_111-8u111-b14-2ubuntu0.16.04.2-b14)&#xA;OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.111-b14, mixed mode)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to resolve my issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T08:12:07.357" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T19:26:32.710" Title="I have got an error when installing appium" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ubuntu&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25099" CreationDate="2017-01-26T05:24:45.550" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excel is one of the ways to store your input data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can also use .properties file as in a key-value pair for the same purpose.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or you create a BaseClass (or TestData Class) which you can extend(inherit) into your Test class.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T05:24:45.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25103" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T07:14:33.907" Score="2" ViewCount="559" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to test this scenario with Webdriver using Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I open two browsers and go to the same URL in each browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driverOne;&#xA;driverTwo;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I login on driverOne browser as userOne and see the dashboard&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I login on driverTwo browser as userOne, then perform some action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expect userOne to be logged off automatically from the driverOne browser and shown a message like &quot;this session is invalid&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how to use Webdriver with Java to test this scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14639" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T22:07:57.927" LastActivityDate="2018-03-23T12:46:01.377" Title="How to test user can be logged in only one browser instance?" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25105" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25124" CreationDate="2017-01-26T08:55:21.567" Score="1" ViewCount="1904" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I'm working with mobile testing. I want to automate our mobile app. So I found some tools are appium and calabash. I want to know the difference between both and which tools is most people using and which tools is more easy to use ? I'm working a small company here I'm the only tester. So somebody please clear me and how to select a tool ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="23426" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T14:20:16.673" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T23:09:07.617" Title="Difference between calabash and appium" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;calabash&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-03T21:58:17.420" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25093" CreationDate="2017-01-26T09:24:37.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not worked on Cucumber/Ruby (I work on Selenium-Java) so I will restrain myself from suggesting you any books regarding that but what I can tell you is start small. By starting small I mean read the basics of Ruby , Cucumber , etc. Write basic programs to get a grasp on the fundamental concepts. From there go 1 level up keep increasing the complexity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Search online articles or videos regarding the stuff that you are stuck with or want to get a better understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not the least...Practice...Practice...Practice...All The Best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T09:24:37.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25105" CreationDate="2017-01-26T11:10:32.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think appium is widly using by the testers.And also you can get more help from the commiunity if you are moving with appium.&#xA;And also so many video tutorials available for appium too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T11:10:32.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25109" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T11:11:54.867" Score="3" ViewCount="501" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium Webdriver (Java), Eclipse as IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current setup was&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have one Java project in Eclipse that serves as the framework (say FrameworkProject). The project is comprised of these packages, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;testdata&lt;/strong&gt; - holds testdata.java. This returns random test data for my tests like passwords, names etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;utility&lt;/strong&gt; - this package holds the object repository configuration class. This also contains the ExcelConfiguration class.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pageObjects&lt;/strong&gt; - this package holds the page object class of the current system under test (e.g Login.class, Register.class etc...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And the other java project was the TestProject. This only contains one package named tests. Under package tests, it has TestCase.class that serves as the testcase class, executes steps (I'm using page-object model by the way)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it correct that I included the page objects in the first project (in the framework itself) ? Should it be in the TestProject ?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I did not declare my classes as abstract. What I just did was add the FrameworkProject as a JavaBuildPath to TestProject. Is it correct?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, how about if there's another project? Should I continue this kind of setup? Create another java project for the new project then add the framework as the javabuildpath? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am still new to this stuff. Every answer is much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:31:02.537" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:31:02.537" Title="Automation Framework Structure: Should the framework and the project under test be separated in two projects?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25110" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T11:17:37.383" Score="0" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the available security testing tools for Android and iOS apps?&#xA;Mainly for a passive scan for known vulnerabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:29:57.593" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:30:27.967" Title="Security testing tools for android and ios apps" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-02-03T21:56:27.023" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25110" CreationDate="2017-01-26T13:12:33.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't specifically know any security testing tools for mobile, but I wouldn't rely on them because you won't learn security testing by only using tools. Try to manually test for security vulnerabilities. This won't be easy. First, try to understand the mobile architecture, not only the application. Then learn to use the debugging tools. For example, ADB on Android. Here are some resources that might help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Mobile_Security_Project#tab=Home&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OWASP Mobile Security Project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/images/0/04/Security_Testing_Guidelines_for_mobile_Apps_-_Florian_Stahl%2BJohannes_Stroeher.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Security Testing Guidelines&#xA;for mobile Apps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23067" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:30:27.967" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:30:27.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25103" CreationDate="2017-01-26T16:21:33.780" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think rather using two browsers ,use a one browser with two tabs.&#xA;Because you are trying to deal with sessions.&#xA;So i dont think 1st browser session will override with some other browser's session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T16:21:33.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25100" CreationDate="2017-01-26T16:26:03.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try updating your SDK.&#xA;And also try &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/java-client/issues/363&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/appium/java-client/issues/363&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T16:26:03.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25103" CreationDate="2017-01-26T18:04:52.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only possible way I can think is using TestNG &lt;code&gt;priority&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;groups&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;dependsOnGroups&lt;/code&gt; properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll have to run the &lt;code&gt;full&lt;/code&gt; group for this works and you'll need to have at least two test on the LoginTest. &#xA;Without the second test, LoginTest will close after the &lt;code&gt;validateLogin&lt;/code&gt; finish and &lt;code&gt;validateSession&lt;/code&gt; will fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code below will follow the execution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will start LoginTest and SessionTest suites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test &quot;validateLogin&quot; and &quot;validateSession&quot; will start first since it has priority = 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But &quot;validateSession&quot; will wait &quot;validateLogin&quot; because it dependsOnGroups = &quot;smoke&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When &quot;validateLogin&quot; finish, &quot;validateSession&quot; will start&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test &quot;validateLoginStuff2&quot; will wait &quot;validateSession&quot; because it dependsOnGroups = &quot;session&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When &quot;validateSession&quot; finish &quot;validateLoginStuff2&quot; will start and the session validation will be done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public class LoginTest{&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;@beforeClass&#xA;&#xA;protected void beforeClass() {driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;www.url.com&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;  @Override&#xA;  protected void afterClass() { &#xA;      driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @Test(priority = 1, groups = {&quot;smoke&quot;, &quot;full&quot;})&#xA;  public void validateLogin() {&#xA;    //do login stufs&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @Test(priority = 2, groups = {&quot;full&quot;}, dependsOnGroups = &quot;session&quot;)&#xA;  public void validateLoginStuff2() {&#xA;    //do login stuff2 validation&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class SessionTest{&#xA;&#xA;  WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;  @beforeClass&#xA;  protected void beforeClass() {&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @Override&#xA;  protected void afterClass() { &#xA;      driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @Test(priority = 1, groups = {&quot;session&quot;, &quot;full&quot;}, dependsOnGroups = &quot;smoke&quot;)&#xA;  public void validateSession() {&#xA;    //do validate session things&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T18:04:52.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25038" CreationDate="2017-01-26T18:10:27.570" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might be because of race conditions in asynchronous test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is always better to escape non-alphanumerical characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that doesn't work you could always put delays/timeouts between typing characters. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another useful hint might be found &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33287847/python-selenium-input-textbox-send-keys-not-working&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16021" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T18:10:27.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15435" CreationDate="2017-01-26T21:24:37.630" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This can be solved as well by using: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Setting ***&#xA;Library     Selenium2Library&#xA;Library     String&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;Get subselection&#xA;    ${string}=    Get Text    xpath=/html/div&#xA;    ${substring}=    Get Substring  ${string}   25  35&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23672" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T21:24:37.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25121" CreationDate="2017-01-26T22:10:16.283" Score="4" ViewCount="859" Body="&lt;p&gt;I applied for a job at google which is Test Analyst - I thought it would fit me due to the description of the job. Then I got a call and they are looking more of a software engineering in test. Now this brought me to a question to myself and my fellow QAs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is Software Engineer in Test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I am currently doing automation - selenium and C#. This may still mean I am not a software engineer? I may do coding but now I came to realize I am just automating the manual test cases. Are there other uses of automation aside from just automating the manual test cases or am I just not on the right track?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-01-26T23:13:55.180" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T16:36:08.250" Title="What does a Software Development (or Software Engineer) in Test do?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25120" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-26T22:34:05.280" Score="2" ViewCount="2575" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone used RobotFramework to write automated browser tests and then used Blazemeters chrome plugin to record those tests and utilize Blazemeters performance test tools?  Is this even possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21903" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T17:30:52.130" Title="RobotFramework and Blazemeter" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;blazemeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25119" CreationDate="2017-01-26T23:09:53.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without looking at the exact job description, my personal opinion is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lJ5F6.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lJ5F6.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A software engineer in test is more likely coming from a software engineering background but develops into a tester later on. They are more of a coder than a tester. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not saying a tester is necessarily a less-good coder but it is a general perception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspected that your past working experience did not fit Google's job description; they were looking for someone with more programming experience than you do now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-26T23:09:53.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25122" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-27T01:00:45.520" Score="2" ViewCount="6609" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for some advice on how to instantiate my WebDriver driver instance in my automation framework (Selenium 3.0.1 / Java 8 / TestNG).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &lt;strong&gt;goal&lt;/strong&gt; is to handle all the instantiation code in one place, in my framework code, separated from my tests themselves, and then pass that instance around the framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Ruby, I would do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;./framework/driver.rb&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def initialize&#xA;  $driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox&#xA;&#xA;  # additional driver configuration&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I would include the framework classes in my base test class and call my driver from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;./tests/utilities/base_test.rb&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  def setup&#xA;    Driver.new&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would then have all my tests inherit from BaseTest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Java, I am unfamiliar with how to achieve this with access modifiers and package structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have something like this (taken from Selenium HQ &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/chrome/ChromeDriver.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public class Driver {&#xA;&#xA;  private static ChromeDriverService service;&#xA;  private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;  {@literal @BeforeClass}&#xA;  public static void createAndStartService() {&#xA;    service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()&#xA;        .usingDriverExecutable(new File(&quot;path/to/my/chromedriver.exe&quot;))&#xA;        .usingAnyFreePort()&#xA;        .build();&#xA;    service.start();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  {@literal @AfterClass}&#xA;  public static void createAndStopService() {&#xA;    service.stop();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  {@literal @Before}&#xA;  public void createDriver() {&#xA;    driver = new RemoteWebDriver(service.getUrl(),&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities.chrome());&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  {@literal @After}&#xA;  public void quitDriver() {&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  public WebDriver getDriver() {&#xA;   return driver;&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, how can I pass this driver instance around my framework (for example, I want my Page objects to be able to use it).  In Ruby, I triggered the creation of a global variable from my BaseTest.  In Java, I've added the getter to return the driver instance.  But this is problematic when I try to introduce TestNG annotations.  For example, I want to create/teardown a driver before/after every test.  I &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; get it to work, but is this best practice?  Is there a better way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, instead of using TestNG annotations to instantiate my driver, would it be better to use listeners?  I've also heard about Guice and dependency injection -- is this a useful design pattern?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen a number of tutorials, blog posts, articles, etc., on this topic, but I can't find what I'm after.  Again, my main goal here is to handle all my driver instantiation in one place in my framework in such a way that I can pass that same driver instance around.  It shouldn't matter whether it's a local ChromeDriver instance or a Remote WebDriver instance running on a grid.  I need it to be clean and scalable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9156" LastEditorUserId="9156" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T10:16:33.810" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:33:17.220" Title="WebDriver instantiation in Selenium framework" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25123" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25402" CreationDate="2017-01-27T04:49:57.020" Score="2" ViewCount="251" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm getting an issue when try to automated user type on &lt;a href=&quot;https://imperavi.com/redactor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Redactor text editor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used command &lt;code&gt;click&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;clickAt&lt;/code&gt; on Redactor text editor   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used Locator with &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Name&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;Class&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used command &lt;code&gt;type&lt;/code&gt; and input the text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used command &lt;code&gt;click&lt;/code&gt; on Save button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the test case was PASSED, but no text typed/appear on Redactor text editor after click on Save button, why is that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T15:44:01.610" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T15:44:01.610" Title="What Locator or Command should I use to execute `type` on Redactor text editor?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25105" CreationDate="2017-01-27T08:24:25.073" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Few differences between Appium and Calabash&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium support Many Languages Java, C#, Ruby, Python, JavaScript, But Calabash supports only is Ruby.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Calabash has two projects running in parallel: Calabash-Android and Calabash-iOS&#xA;In Appium: both Android and iOS are clubbed into one.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Appium has a recording option that would be useful for beginners in software testing company&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Calabash cannot automate the browser. Appium can do.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="7941" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T23:09:07.617" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T23:09:07.617" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25078" CreationDate="2017-01-27T09:09:04.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wrapped your test steps in each test case in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; try {&#xA;    ... your test steps &#xA;    } catch (NoSuchElementException e) { driver.quit();};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your test case will be catch some exception, your browser will automatically close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23421" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T09:09:04.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25031" CreationDate="2017-01-27T09:18:12.770" Score="-1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(CancelListingButton)); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should be a variable. &#xA;You should make it as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String CancelListingButton = &quot;xpath of your element&quot;; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23421" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T06:34:21.463" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T06:34:21.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24504" CreationDate="2017-01-27T10:29:23.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company currently uses the Atlassian toolset (Jira, Confluence, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It integrates well and allows tracking of work items well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you combine this with the various plugins, then this will give you a strong system for tracking the things customers are typically interested in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at Test Management specifically, I would go for TestRail over Zephyr.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestRail has greater functionality, easy access to reporting tools and the ability to group tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T10:29:23.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24504" CreationDate="2017-01-27T10:33:18.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Visual studio that connects with TFS and also matches your requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T10:33:18.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25129" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-27T10:46:39.647" Score="1" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a script in virtual user generator, opened that script in controller and ran it. But the problem is that when I open Load Runner analysis for the results, it will display the error as below:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IEnmg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IEnmg.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="19271" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T23:42:24.227" LastActivityDate="2019-12-18T15:02:15.283" Title="Loadrunner Analysis Error" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25119" CreationDate="2017-01-27T11:29:55.727" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend you reading answers to a similar question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6408/what-is-the-difference-between-software-test-engineer-test-automation-engineer&quot;&gt;What is the difference between Software Test Engineer, Test Automation Engineer and Software Developer in Test (SDET)?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here would like to answer in detail to the following part of your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Are there other uses of automation aside from just automating the manual test cases or am I just not on the right track?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are. I recommend you reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/articles/cdt-automation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;A Context-Driven Approach to&#xA;Automation in Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt; of James Bach and Michael Bolton. Part of that is covered also in the James Bach presentation &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/presentations/agileauto.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Agile Test Automation&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test generation (data and script generators).&lt;/strong&gt; Tools might create specialized data such as randomized email messages, or populate&#xA;  databases, or generate combinations of parameters that we’d like to&#xA;  cover with our tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System configuration.&lt;/strong&gt; Tools might preserve or reproduce system parameters, set systems to a particular state, or create or restore&#xA;  “ghosted” disk drives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simulators.&lt;/strong&gt; Tools might simulate sub-systems or environmental conditions that are not available (or not yet available) for testing,&#xA;  or are too expensive to provide live on demand.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test execution (harnesses and test scripts).&lt;/strong&gt; Tools might&#xA;  operate the software itself, either simulating a user working through&#xA;  the GUI, or bypassing the GUI and using an alternative testable&#xA;  interface.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Probes.&lt;/strong&gt; Tools might make visible what would otherwise be&#xA;  invisible to humans. They might statically analyze a product, parse a&#xA;  log file, or monitor system parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oracles.&lt;/strong&gt; An oracle is any mechanism by which we detect failure&#xA;  or success. Tools might automatically detect certain kinds of error&#xA;  conditions in a product.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Activity recording &amp;amp; coverage analysis.&lt;/strong&gt; Tools might watch&#xA;  testing as it happens and retrospectively report what was and was not&#xA;  tested. They might record actions for later replay in other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test management.&lt;/strong&gt; Tools might record test results; organize test&#xA;  ideas or metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T14:47:41.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23494" CreationDate="2017-01-27T11:36:14.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The warning message shown above means it has initiated chrome or browser instance.This will launch the browser and start execution.  This is valid warning/message in selenium 3.0.&#xA;&#xA;Now for some browsers over the course it will fail to create browser and skip test execution. Here we can enabled the logs at grid node and redirect them to some log files. This will help in identifying the exact problem like null pointer or like this. Log files is best solution to find out solution. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18580" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T11:36:14.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2017-01-27T12:31:19.553" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of captcha and a robot to cheat it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/enjuto.mojamuto.oficial/videos/10154051965665810/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/263mx.png&quot; alt=&quot;captcha&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T15:59:06.063" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T15:59:06.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25135" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25139" CreationDate="2017-01-27T14:27:46.350" Score="5" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand the concept of creating scripts to perform tasks, but I've read re-creating my manual tests as scripts isn't the direction I should be headed. &#xA;What is the difference and what types of tasks should I be looking at to automate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note this was extracted from &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/9096/8992&quot;&gt;How can Manual QA&amp;#39;s without a programming background learn Automated Testing?&lt;/a&gt; which has 4 questions and thus is too broad.  I'm posting this from that as it seems like a good question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T22:42:46.653" Title="New to QA - how should my automated tests differ from my manual one?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25136" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25137" CreationDate="2017-01-27T14:36:58.957" Score="1" ViewCount="178" Body="&lt;p&gt;For someone who is new in automation, much of the discussion seems to be about scripts, functions and procedures in programming languages that developers use to write webdriver based programs that go through various web page workflows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am just getting into QA, what other tools and abilities will I need beside ability in these programming languages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note this question was extracted from &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/9096/8992&quot;&gt;How can Manual QA&amp;#39;s without a programming background learn Automated Testing?&lt;/a&gt; which had 4 questions within it, making it very hard to up/down vote a given answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T08:03:38.443" Title="Are there additional tools outside of scripting that are used in the automated QA process?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25136" CreationDate="2017-01-27T14:36:58.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Additional Quality Engineering tools and abilities that are used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;seleniumIDE.  A Firefox plugin gui tool that lets you test sites in the firefox browser by writing simple commands.  The surround script structure is provided for you.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Understanding Agile development and how Quality Engineering fits into it.  Suggest you read Agile Testing by Lisa Crispin and other such books.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;SQL.  Many QE investigations require using SQL to look into data.  Having basic SQL skills can be a big help.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Management Software.  Being skilled in software like TestNG&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tools for performance testing such as jmeter&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agile development Software.  Being knowledgeable about issue tracking products like Jira and Pivotal Tracker where features bugs and chores are stored and tracked can be very helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Continuous Integration with tools such as Jenkins and CircleCI&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Code Version Control such as git.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Documentation.  Being well versed in wiki tools such as Atlassian's Confluence can be a definite asset to your organization.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Excel.  Some organizations use excel and/or basic csv files for testing data.  This is low down on the list though and might even be skipped on a resume as too old/simple/manual for a job seeking a programmer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-28T03:37:43.787" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T03:37:43.787" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25122" CreationDate="2017-01-27T14:37:06.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my framework, I have a &lt;code&gt;public abstract class BaseIntegration&lt;/code&gt; that my test extends and a &lt;code&gt;public abstract class BasePage&lt;/code&gt; that my page objects extends too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;BaseIntegration&lt;/code&gt; has a &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; that all tests access (but one instance for each class test) and I pass this instance for my page objects through constructor. See the code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATED:&#xA;BaseIntegration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public abstract class BaseIntegration {&#xA;&#xA;  //private WebDriver driver;&#xA;  private Driver driver = new Driver();&#xA;&#xA;  protected WebDriver getDriver() {&#xA;    return driver.getDriver();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private void setDriver(WebDriver driver){&#xA;    this.driver = driver;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @BeforeClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;  public void baseBeforeClass() {&#xA;    //WebDriver webDriver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;  //webDriver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(BaseIntegration.TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    //webDriver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    //You can put other logics here to select Chrome, IE and other properties&#xA;    //setDriver(webDriver);&#xA;    driver. createDriver();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @AfterClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;  public void baseAfterClass() {&#xA;    //getDriver().close();&#xA;    driver.quitDriver();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and BasePage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public abstract class BasePage {&#xA;&#xA;  private final WebDriver driver;&#xA;  private WebDriverWait driverWait;&#xA;&#xA;  public BasePage(WebDriver driver){&#xA;    this.driver = driver;&#xA;&#xA;    driverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver, BaseIntegration.TIMEOUT);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  protected WebDriver getDriver(){&#xA;    return this.driver;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  protected WebDriverWait getDriverWait() {&#xA;    return driverWait;&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I have my page object, for example SignInPage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class SignInPage extends BasePage {&#xA;&#xA;    public SignInPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;&#xA;        PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //METHODS HERE&#xA;    //To use driver, use the method getDriver() inherited from BsePage&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for last, the test class SignInIt.java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class SignInIT extends BaseIntegration {&#xA;&#xA;  SignInPage signIn;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeClass&#xA;protected void beforeClass() {&#xA;    this.signIn = new SignInPage(this.getDriver(), this.getPublishServer());&#xA;  }&#xA;  public void validateSignInButtonText() {&#xA;    //TEST CODE HERE&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I removed a lot of code, but the idea of Base Integration and BasePage it to give some common methods and properties for my test classes and page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each test class will instantiate its own driver, so will be one driver for all tests for each class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastEditorUserId="23408" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T17:33:17.220" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:33:17.220" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25135" CreationDate="2017-01-27T14:46:14.147" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Main difference is that in manual &lt;strong&gt;testing&lt;/strong&gt;, a sapient, thinking processor (human) is looking at the results and can see &quot;something is weird here&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated testing&lt;/strong&gt; does not exist, it is wrong terminology, misnomer, even if widely accepted. In automated &lt;strong&gt;checking&lt;/strong&gt;, totally dumb processor (your test script) &lt;strong&gt;checks for condition&lt;/strong&gt; which programmer thought about, and blatantly ignores anything else, even if obviously wrong for a human manual tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes sense is &lt;strong&gt;automated regression testing&lt;/strong&gt; (also a misnomer, it is checking again) when your &lt;strong&gt;automated scripts &lt;em&gt;checks&lt;/em&gt; for known/suspected conditions&lt;/strong&gt; (and ignores everything else, as all scripts do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Human can do &lt;strong&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt;. Automated scripts, not so much :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But: to perform action in automated script, you need to know how to do it manually (and usually do it multiple times). You cannot automate something you don't know how to do manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your automated test can check for small subset of what human tester would notice (so your manual tests are a good start). Some tasks (like pattern recognition) is beyond abilities of most automated tests, so you need to pick which conditions to check in script, and what will be ignored. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many cases where my automated tests perform action but do not check for errors, because I never seen any error in that action. So &lt;strong&gt;such test can silently fail to detect error,&lt;/strong&gt; because programmer failed to anticipate it. To deal with such situation, you (programmer) have to use &quot;defensive programming&quot; techniques and i.e. check if page title is what you think it should (if not: something broke, but none of your checks detected it). This is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; how human would detect such error, but that is all you have in the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And scripts are good in something humans are bad: Running exactly same checks day after day, very efficiently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T19:34:47.533" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T19:34:47.533" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25135" CreationDate="2017-01-27T14:57:14.583" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different sorts of tests include&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;web / api / database tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;functional / performance &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most likely you will want to focus on the most the very most repeated tests using the ide/ language your dev's use. e.g. java/eclipse/selenium/junit so the dev's can help you sort out issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your best bet will be to take a class right up front. Stability is a key element in these tests, if you have lots of tests with a false positive rate of say 5% after a year you will have a load of automation that are all unstable and give you lots of false positives. Its hard to write very stable selenium tests with no code background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will want to focus on the most repeated tests. looking at  your regressions and smoketests this will come into focus: e.g. if you run test #200 &#xA;- as part of a bi-weekly regression&#xA;- the smoketest you run as you move between qa-&gt;stage and stage-&gt; prod&#xA;Then it is a good candidate for automation. Keep in mind it will take you (without a code background) 10x the time to automate a given test then it will take you to run manually. So if you don't re-run the test often, there seems little benefit to automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question is still very broad. I think I can really give you a better idea of what you want to do if you put more information on your specific needs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is your company agile?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you talking about a web page?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of budget are you working with? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team size&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are your most repeated tests, how often are they repeated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are the tests well defined (e.g. with test steps that include what to do, and what to verify) or do you do mostly ad-hoc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23034" LastEditorUserId="23034" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T17:31:46.633" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:31:46.633" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24478" CreationDate="2017-01-27T15:45:07.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem might be solved by using the &lt;code&gt;.switchTo()&lt;/code&gt; between two tabs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also verify whether the user session is closed or not by checking the &lt;code&gt;handles.length&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function (handles) {&#xA;    browser.driver.switchTo().window(handles[1]).then(function () {&#xA;        expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toMatch(URL_REGEX);&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16021" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T15:32:21.337" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T15:32:21.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22518" CreationDate="2017-01-27T15:49:47.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This has to do with how your app is written. In an ideal situation this should not happen because each browser instance is a separate session. This could be solved by using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/07_selenium_grid.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium grid&lt;/a&gt; and running each browser on different VM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16021" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T15:49:47.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25136" CreationDate="2017-01-27T16:28:32.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say follow video tutorials on youtube on many automaton tools.&#xA;SOAP UI is something you dont need scripting knowledge.&#xA;Selenium IDE also fantastic.&#xA;Coded UI also something that you can try but it need some sort of understanding on how elements are define.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T16:28:32.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25136" CreationDate="2017-01-27T17:43:31.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few more that I can think of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release tools, for example, Octopus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bug reporting tool, bugzilla&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Task management tool, trello and jira&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;network analysis tool, wireshark, charles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;software security tool, download kali linux, it is loaded with them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UML tool, it is required by some companies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:43:31.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25136" CreationDate="2017-01-27T17:47:52.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you give information on what products you are QAing you will get much better answers. This is a very broad field. So if you ask &quot;what are important things to know &quot; you will get more answers then you will ever have time for, and no clear picture of what is most important. That said I will try to answer the question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testcase management software: testlink / zephyr / TestNG&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Api testing tool - e.g. jmeter / SoapUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Certification. I recently got CSTE certified, and it gives you a basic knowledge of what software QA and QA process is. I think this really addresses your question of what other abilities, because the certification covers a lot of the process and terms you need to know.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23034" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:47:52.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25109" CreationDate="2017-01-27T17:56:27.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;After trying a few project setup, we decided to put the automation in with the project being tested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you are testing website abc, you have your automation in that project. the page objects too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more general things shared across projects (e.g. a database connector program) are in their own project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The benefit there is that your automation version is tied to your program version .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say you need to roll back your product, or have version 5 in QA, and version 4 on prod, and decide to roll back to version 3 in prod, and then forward to 5, and want to use the automation version that is matched to that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you have your automations in the same project as what you are testing the versions &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not expect that to be an issue, the only way I would do it is put your page objects in with your test project, since those are highly dependent and really seem unlikely to be shared accross projects (i.e. other projects will have separate page objects)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23034" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T17:56:27.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25136" CreationDate="2017-01-27T19:13:09.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's all the stuff that goes around the actual test scripts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuring test environments - maybe you need dedicated machines for this, maybe they're VMs, maybe they spin up/spin down dynamically, maybe you use a cloud service, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version control - probably need to learn git or similar to manage the test scripts, changes, etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working with a continuous integration system - figuring out how to get your tests to run automatically on build &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;building process - having tests run is one thing, but results need reviewing, triaging of defects, maintaining/updating tests, etc.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T19:13:09.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25110" CreationDate="2017-01-27T20:19:19.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many passive scanners exist to give holistic views of both a device and services running on it.  So, while running a scan against a device with the application running and its ports open will give you a little bit of info, likely it will lead to many rabbit holes that will eat additional time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I would do to start (as if that counts for something), is to set a proxy between your device and any services it communicates with externally, since most apps don't run things solely on the handset itself.  Observe the traffic, and record it.  Then use a tool such as BurpSuite or Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) to fuzz the ingress/egress points on the application and its supporting services based on that recorded traffic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will still give you data on where weak points are, what external communications maybe don't communicate over HTTPS, and other things of that nature.  Both Burp and ZAP have pre-existing fuzzing options to start with as well, which may be a good place to start. It also requires minimal setup or meddling with the devices themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The majority of low hanging fruit issues for mobile applications are from their external communication, so this approach will cover much of that.  Other approaches get more invasive to the device and will require you to interact with ADB and start doing a little bit of reverse engineering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T20:19:19.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25150" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25152" CreationDate="2017-01-27T20:55:37.453" Score="3" ViewCount="1047" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team writes unittests for our python projects. Besides that, we have a tool that allows us to run scripted API tests (we can make requests and evaluate the result, passing or failing the test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a tool that helps the team to write acceptance tests for every ticket we do (primary objective), and then store these tests to start our regression test repository (secondary objective).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that not every ticket we do is API test-able, and sometimes  I feel unittests are not enough (sometimes we need grey or black box tests). Some of our services don't have public APIs and they interact with other services in a lower level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, we could have a ticket to change an internal function, but this should not affect our API response (we have tests to check this). Unittests could supposedly test this specific function, but this function can be called in other parts of our code (and even in other projects), so there's no way to write an unittest to check if this change won't break stuff across all of our services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was taking a look at Fitnesse and I was wondering: can Fitnesse fill in the gap between unittests and REST API testing, with the so called &quot;acceptance tests&quot;? What type of input/output can Fitnesse take?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22744" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T17:05:57.140" Title="Where do Fitnesse fits between unittests and API testing?" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;fitnesse&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25136" CreationDate="2017-01-27T21:04:15.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even if you do not use Python for writing test (and you totally should - python bindings for Selenium are stable and mature), Python is excellent simple language for processing text files (generating and parsing test data), and is very valuable tool in your toolset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can write tools to analyze logs, automate SQL queries and other processes. It is excellent glue language, IMHO more useful than bash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One feature (one you get hold on it, you will miss it in any language lacking it) is interactive debugger. It allows you to inspect any object as it was created by larger system, not as you thought it will be. Huge time saver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So even for a developer who writes tests in a scripting language like JavaScript, Python is valuable for all that text files manipulation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T21:04:15.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25150" CreationDate="2017-01-27T21:19:53.103" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Full disclosure: we rely heavily on FitNesse, run many hours worth of FitNesse tests daily in our CI buildbot daily, and I personally wrote both FitNesse tests (using Fit wiki format in browser) and WebDriver tests in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FitNesse is for end-to-end testing (browser automation) and Selenium/WebDriver in much superior replacement, especially if you already use Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Blog/The-Problems-With-Acceptance-Testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;FitNesse failed&lt;/a&gt; and I would &lt;strong&gt;NOT recommend&lt;/strong&gt; anyone to start with FitNesse today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are much better off using Python and call Selenium WebDriver directly. Debugging test cases written in FitNesse pseudo-wiki format is nightmare. Idea was that end users (non-programmers) would write tests in wiki format. It was not to be. Programmers prefer real language and real editor, and can by order of magnitude more productive. Just say No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins is much better test runner. And if your pages use Angular, you need more granular control of what is going on on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, consider PageObject design pattern. Easy to use in any decent real programming language. Not so much in FitNesse: In FitNesse, you either use &quot;copy-paste inheritance&quot; or write your own fixtures for every page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trust me on this one. We did started with FitNesse a decade ago (when it was state-of-the-art in system-level testing) but now we struggle to get rid of it: we need to gradually replace all those FitNesse tests and refactor them to PageObject pattern. It was good decision decade ago, but today? No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Blog/Five-Ways-to-Misuse-Fit.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.jamesshore.com/Blog/Five-Ways-to-Misuse-Fit.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-01-27T23:45:14.413" LastActivityDate="2017-01-27T23:45:14.413" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2197" CreationDate="2017-01-28T14:55:01.873" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I made my own version of the downloader, by using an Ajax request and returning the bytes. Has the advantage that it uses the browser directly, so authentication and cookies do not need to be dealt with. It has the disadvantage that you're restricted by same-origin rule, it might need a lot of memory and maybe also fail in older browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still sometimes is very useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.io.InputStream;&#xA;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;public class AjaxFileDownloader {&#xA;&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    public AjaxFileDownloader(WebDriver driverObject) {&#xA;        this.driver = driverObject;&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); // maybe you need a different timeout&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public InputStream download(String url) throws IOException {&#xA;        String script = &amp;quot;var url = arguments[0];&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;var callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;xhr.open('GET', url, true);&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;xhr.responseType = \&amp;quot;arraybuffer\&amp;quot;;&amp;quot; + //force the HTTP response, response-type header to be array buffer&#xA;                &amp;quot;xhr.onload = function() {&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;  var arrayBuffer = xhr.response;&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;  var byteArray = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;  callback(byteArray);&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;};&amp;quot; +&#xA;                &amp;quot;xhr.send();&amp;quot;;&#xA;        Object response = ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeAsyncScript(script, url);&#xA;        // Selenium returns an Array of Long, we need byte[]&#xA;        ArrayList&amp;lt;Long&amp;gt; byteList = (ArrayList&amp;lt;Long&amp;gt;) response;&#xA;        byte[] bytes = new byte[byteList.size()];&#xA;        for(int i = 0; i &amp;lt; byteList.size(); i++) {&#xA;            bytes[i] = (byte)(long)byteList.get(i);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23726" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2021-03-22T00:32:16.383" LastActivityDate="2021-03-22T00:32:16.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25150" CreationDate="2017-01-28T16:36:09.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see two questions here: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how to test something that is bigger than unit and possibly brings some business value to accept&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;where does FitNesse fit here&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start with easiest, I support @peter-masiar in a way that it's better to stay away from FitNesse nowadays. It was a good, maybe break-though idea in its time, but the tool itself is utterly outdated and brings more problems than solves. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you go to higher level testing, you might find the traditional &quot;unit&quot;-focused testing framework somewhat low level and not expressive enough. You might take a look at BDD or similar approaches and either implement a testing framework yourself or use some existing library. In java there are tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cucumber&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://spockframework.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;spock&lt;/a&gt; that fit this niche. If you prefer to stay with python then there seem to be &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Python&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;some options&lt;/a&gt; either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for acceptance-testing the tickets that do not affect API, the question is what's the nature of those changes. If there is nothing to test via APIs that means that the change is non-functional. It can be either something you can still observer and maybe test indirectly (say performance improvement) or some kind of refactoring targeting improving of the maintainability of the code, in which case the only thing you would probably be concerned from the acceptance point is regression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18297" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T16:36:09.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25156" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-28T21:26:51.537" Score="4" ViewCount="700" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to automated testing and asking for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I know every test should have its own steps and if I define several tests in one class, should I open the same page several times in each test or I can open it one time somewhere (in first test maybe) and then it will be kept open all time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which approach is more correct? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23733" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T10:19:55.113" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T10:16:35.127" Title="Should I open the same page in every test?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25157" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-28T21:28:02.357" Score="2" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the best ways to evaluate the following examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A couple of weeks ago, I started to read about Types of Software testing:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/types-of-software-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/types-of-software-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I'm struggling how to apply them to the real life, my background is not a programmer, but my work requires it and I need some help with some examples for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to test and ATM and how would you do it?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to test the sofware of the operator interface in an elevator?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How would you apply the black box technique to the software of a smart washing machine?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help and guide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23734" LastEditorUserId="23406" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T02:53:45.533" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T02:53:45.533" Title="software testing methodologies" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-01-31T06:10:05.643" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25158" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25173" CreationDate="2017-01-28T21:29:44.593" Score="2" ViewCount="5081" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written some code to verify that a user can login to a hotel booking platform &amp;amp; I also added a verification step. I get an error&#xA;on the Assert.IsTrue() Method. Every other thing is fine in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did some research for a possible solution before stopping by.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the solution I found on StackOverflow: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8695595/assert-method-error&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8695595/assert-method-error&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have added Microsoft.VisualStudio.QualityTools.UnitTestFramework to my project references and also added&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting; &amp;amp; using NUnit.Framework; to my Using section of the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the following errors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Severity Code Description Project File Line Suppression State&#xA;  Error CS0234 The type or namespace name 'VisualStudio' does not exist in the namespace 'Microsoft' (are you missing an assembly reference?) PremierInn_Valid_User_Login c:\users\XXXX\onedrive\documents\visual studio 2015\Projects\PremierInn_Valid_User_Login\PremierInn_Valid_User_Login\Program.cs 5 Active&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Severity Code Description Project File Line Suppression State&#xA;  Error CS0246 The type or namespace name 'NUnit' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) PremierInn_Valid_User_Login c:\users\XXXX\onedrive\documents\visual studio 2015\Projects\PremierInn_Valid_User_Login\PremierInn_Valid_User_Login\Program.cs 6 Active&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the same error after removing the bindings -  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting; &amp;amp; using NUnit.Framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, finally here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace PremierInn_Valid_User_Login {&#xA; class Program {&#xA;  static void Main(string[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;   //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;   var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;   driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://secure.premierinn.com/en/mypremierinn/home.action&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;   //Enter User Name - My Email Address&#xA;   var user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;loginForm.username&quot;));&#xA;   user.SendKeys(&quot;abcdefg@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;   //Enter Password - Account Pasword&#xA;   var pass = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;loginForm.password&quot;));&#xA;   pass.SendKeys(&quot;Testing123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;   //Click on Login button&#xA;   driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;loginForm.button&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;   var loggedInHeader = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;body-inner&quot;));&#xA;   Assert.IsTrue(loggedInHeader.Displayed, &quot;The user was able to successfully login.&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T21:56:57.410" Title="Error: The type or namespace name ... does not exist in the namespace / could not be found" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25156" CreationDate="2017-01-28T22:04:06.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Which approach is more correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both approaches are ok, but the best one is the one that the typical end user would follow. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; the user opens the page only once, and uses all the features, this would be the best way to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T22:04:06.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25157" CreationDate="2017-01-28T22:21:08.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer to all those questions is similar:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the requirements ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the use cases ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What exceptions will arise ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What edge and boundary cases should be tested ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the environmental factors that can change ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the characteristics of the users ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the volume and performance requirements ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the document you reference... we're not going to be able to answer what to do about Black box testing / White box testing / Unit testing / Incremental integration testing / Integration testing / Functional testing / System testing / End-to-end testing / Sanity testing / Regression testing / Acceptance testing / Load testing in one question, other than think about them in regard to the points I've listed.  Please separate out and ask specific questions on this site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-01-28T22:27:25.067" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T22:27:25.067" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25156" CreationDate="2017-01-28T23:18:32.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;re-using a browser between tests is generally an anti-pattern and should be avoided.  Tests should always start from a known state so the results are deterministic.  You also want isolation between tests.  Whatever you do in test A should not affect what happens in Test B.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15808" LastActivityDate="2017-01-28T23:18:32.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25165" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25172" CreationDate="2017-01-29T10:00:57.083" Score="0" ViewCount="2531" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this piece of code for a FluentWait.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; wait = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver)&#xA;       .withTimeout(30, SECONDS)&#xA;       .pollingEvery(5, SECONDS)&#xA;       .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement foo = wait.until(new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, WebElement&amp;gt;() {&#xA;     public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;       return driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;foo&quot;));&#xA;     }&#xA;   });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand everything in the first part. Please explain how &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, WebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; works in the second part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have looked at the source code &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/google/guava/blob/master/guava/src/com/google/common/base/Function.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(link)&lt;/a&gt; from the package &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;com.google.common.base&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;but couldn't wrap my head around it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T21:07:37.827" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T17:06:56.627" Title="Explain new Function&lt;WebDriver, WebElement&gt; in the FluentWait syntax" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25156" CreationDate="2017-01-29T10:02:29.300" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;For manual testing it would be smartest to re-use the page (or test) state, because it will be way faster. It is possible to argue the same for automated tests, but if you do not run tests in isolation from each other there is a high risk that you will loose confidence in your test suite. This because failing tests have possible side-effects on each other that cost a lot of time to investigate if you can reproduce it at all. Certainly when one test fails there is a high chance multiple will fail as they are depended on the state of the page. Which test will you research first? How do you know you have the correct one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated end-to-end tests are there to test the product integration and that common workflows still work. It is not a replacement for duration tests or how feature work together over time. Create different tests for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would advice to &lt;strong&gt;not re-use pages or state if possible&lt;/strong&gt;. I have had a situation where workflows where very time consuming. In the end I created a lot of small tests which at the end of the test would save their state to a database in order for it to be quickly re-used by depended tests. This way we could run each test in isolation, but still re-use the application state if the test was successful, speeding up the whole regressions suite greatly. We documented all the tests dependencies in code so it was pretty clear how to research fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe now test execution time is not an issue, but it will be as your product grows and market cadence expects faster releases. Being able to run your tests in parallel is a must. To reduce test execution time now and in the future it is better to start with writing tests that can be run in parallel from the start. If you do not do that it is so much harder to scale in the future. State-reuse therefor is an anti-pattern, because it will limit running tests in parallel in a later stage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end it depends. Preferable you run tests in parallel instead of re-using state to make them faster. Sometimes this is hard, but do try to find a way that tests do not influence each other to minimise research into failing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T10:09:44.300" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T10:09:44.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25167" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-29T12:23:40.683" Score="1" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is a sample test case which I wrote on my test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my project i need to be more focus on test reporting, so I thought in storing the test Pass / Failed status on SQL data table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I can use some 3rd party tool to generate the report by referring to the SQL data table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   [TestMethod]&#xA;        public void Validate_Availability_Of_Identity_Selector_Buttons()&#xA;        {&#xA;            string TestCaseName = &quot;Validate Availability Of Identity Selector Buttons&quot;;&#xA;            AvailabilityElm elm = new AvailabilityElm();&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                Assert.IsTrue(elm.IdentitySelectors.Displayed == true);&#xA;&#xA;                AddtoSQL(TestCaseName,&quot;Pass&quot;,&quot;&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception e)&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                AddtoSQL(TestCaseName,&quot;Failed&quot;,e.ToString());&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used Extended report in the past but I feel I need to add more lines of codes to the test steps if I'm moving with extender reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how my SQL table looks like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;command.CommandText = &quot;  INSERT INTO [dbo].[AUStagAdminPanelTestData]([TestcaseName],[Status],[Info])VALUES(@TestcaseName,@Status,@Info)&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-01-29T21:01:59.043" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T21:01:59.043" Title="Selenium test reporting, my way" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-02T22:30:47.213" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25168" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-29T14:01:40.780" Score="2" ViewCount="493" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for tutorials for learning RPA. I did a lot of google search but couldn't find anything thats useful. Please suggest me some useful tutorials or certifications from where I can learn RPA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23747" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T16:44:56.713" Title="Where can I find good resources for learning Robotic Process Automation (RPA)?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-02T22:33:13.390" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25168" CreationDate="2017-01-29T16:44:56.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A software 'robot' is a software application that replicates the actions of a human being interacting with the user interface of a computer system. For example, the execution of data entry into a SAP system - or indeed a full end-to-end business process - would be a typical activity for a software robot. The software robot operates on the user interface (UI) in the same way that a human would; this is a significant departure from traditional forms of IT integration which have historically been based on Application Programming Interfaces (or APIs) - that is to say, machine-to-machine forms of communication based on data layers which operate at an architectural layer beneath the UI... says &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_process_automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...in other words, RPA is nothing else than a marketing term for web automation and macro recorder software. The term is mostly used by vendors of (usually expensive) automation software that targets the enterprise market. A related term is BPO - Business Process Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But with regards to software, from web testing/web automation software like Selenium or Kantu to desktop automation software like AHK or Sikuli - these are all Robotic process automation (RPA) tools. So anyone that knows how to use AHK is also an RPA expert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want to learn the technical side of RPA, learn one or more of these automation tools. For the business side, some MBA related literature can be interesting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T16:44:56.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25165" CreationDate="2017-01-29T20:04:14.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Wait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; wait = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt;(driver) (1)&#xA;       .withTimeout(30, SECONDS) (2)&#xA;       .pollingEvery(5, SECONDS) (3)&#xA;       .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class); (4)&#xA;&#xA;WebElement foo = wait.until(new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, WebElement&amp;gt;() { (5)&#xA;     public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) { (6)&#xA;       return driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;foo&quot;)); (7)&#xA;     }&#xA;   });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A new instance of &lt;code&gt;wait&lt;/code&gt; is declared&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this new instance of &lt;code&gt;wait&lt;/code&gt; has a time-out of 30 seconds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every 5 seconds, the script will look at wether the element you are looking for is present, this will be repeated until 30 seconds has elapsed. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; exception is to be ignored should it is invoked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You apply this dynamic &lt;code&gt;wait&lt;/code&gt; onto this element &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver driver is driving&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Element &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt; is to be searched by its &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T20:04:14.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25167" CreationDate="2017-01-29T21:01:46.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done something similar in the past, but not in the test itself. Most xUnit test-frameworks have SetUp() and CleanUp() functions. This seems a better place to handle this. Primary as you &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don&amp;#39;t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;do not repeat yourself&lt;/a&gt; in each test-case. It will be easier to add more fields for your report when needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For C# and MS-test this would like something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[TestInitialize]&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of your example I added the test to the database in the &lt;code&gt;[TestInitialize]&lt;/code&gt; step. [TestInitialize] is run for before each test is run. Also I included a start Timestamp field in the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the Test.Name for the name of the test instead of hard-coded &lt;code&gt;&quot;strings&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string testMethodName = TestContext.CurrentContext.Test.Name;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[TestCleanup]&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;code&gt;[TestCleanup]&lt;/code&gt; I would update the record with pass/fail data, fail-count and an end-timestamp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (TestContext.CurrentTestOutcome.ToString() == &quot;Failed&quot;) {&#xA;  //Do Something&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the timestamps you can also see how long the test takes and when they started. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Re-run&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We used this data in a script to select test-cases to re-run slow UI tests after a fail. We would re-run each test up-to three times, this because some of the tests would be flaky, but we did not want to research them everyday. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More reads:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Structure of Unit Tests: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182517(v=vs.80).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182517(v=vs.80).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T21:01:46.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25165" CreationDate="2017-01-29T21:23:21.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The FluentWait &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example in the Selenium documentation&lt;/a&gt; is a bit different and simpler.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Wait wait = new FluentWait(driver)&#xA;   .withTimeout(30, SECONDS)&#xA;   .pollingEvery(5, SECONDS)&#xA;   .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;&#xA;  WebElement foo = wait.until(new Function() {&#xA;     public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;       return driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;foo&quot;));&#xA;     }&#xA;   });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;until()&lt;/code&gt; function repeats the public &lt;code&gt;apply()&lt;/code&gt; function every 5 seconds until it returns a WebElement or until the 30 seconds have passed. The findElement() function returns a NoSuchElementException when the element is not found, but this is ignored. If a WebElement is found it is placed into &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, WebElement&amp;gt;()&lt;/code&gt; is an extended version of the default Java &lt;code&gt;new Function()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;new Function() and Apply() explained: &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/function/Function.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/function/Function.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why these extra types have been added to your example is unclear to me. And I am not a Java Guru. They might not be necessary, but probably it makes sure you really are using a WebDriver object and not something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From reading the documentation of Function I think that you have to pass these Type arguments in newer versions of Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java language specific details are better asked on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/&quot;&gt;StackOverflow.com&lt;/a&gt; instead of on the SQA &amp;amp; testing.SE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T21:28:56.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25158" CreationDate="2017-01-29T21:49:32.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First decide on what testing framework to use either MSTest or NUnit. You cannot or should not use both at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both test frameworks expect you use a test-class and not &lt;code&gt;Main()&lt;/code&gt; as you are doing. If you follow the getting started guides you should end up with a full test-class in which you can use the Assert function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typical it would look something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;  &#xA;using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;  &#xA;&#xA;namespace Tests  &#xA;{  &#xA;    [TestClass]  &#xA;    public class YourTestClass  &#xA;    {  &#xA;        [TestMethod]  &#xA;        public void TestMethod1()  &#xA;        { &#xA;          // Arrange&#xA;          // Act&#xA;          // Assert&#xA;          Assert.IsTrue(true);&#xA;        }  &#xA;    }  &#xA;}  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use &lt;code&gt;Assert&lt;/code&gt; without a test-class &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24353154/using-asserts-outside-of-unit-test&quot;&gt;suggested is to replace it with an exception&lt;/a&gt;. Exceptions is also what the Assert throws when it fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MSTest creating and Running Unit Tests: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182532.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182532.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NUnit getting started: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=getStarted&amp;amp;r=2.2.10&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=getStarted&amp;amp;r=2.2.10&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/nnaderi/2007/02/01/comparing-the-mstest-and-nunit-frameworks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/nnaderi/2007/02/01/comparing-the-mstest-and-nunit-frameworks/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T21:56:57.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17572" CreationDate="2017-01-29T23:16:24.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Late answer, but better late than never I suppose.  A properties file works and can allow you to set authorization, true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better, would be to set up a secured repository for such credentials that can be called at runtime to retrieve them.  Too many times, hard coded credentials in some file wind up getting pushed into version control or saved to a desktop, etc, and it winds up getting a company's data on pastebin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2017-01-29T23:16:24.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25175" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-30T03:19:20.897" Score="0" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to Automate web services using JMETER?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to check URL links are working and image are loading properly and with the response code given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see more details in below example, i just want to check that highlighted links(blue color) are working fine through jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;just think this is web service url -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://api.github.com/users/lrei&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;login&quot;: &quot;lrei&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;id&quot;: 35857,&#xA;  &quot;avatar_url&quot;: &quot;**https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/35857?v=3**&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;gravatar_id&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;url&quot;: &quot;**https://api.github.com/users/lrei**&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;html_url&quot;: &quot;**https://github.com/lrei**&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;followers_url&quot;: &quot;**https://api.github.com/users/lrei/followers**&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;following_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei/following{/other_user}&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;gists_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei/gists{/gist_id}&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;starred_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei/starred{/owner}{/repo}&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;subscriptions_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei/subscriptions&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;organizations_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei/orgs&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;repos_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei/repos&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;events_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei/events{/privacy}&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;received_events_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.github.com/users/lrei/received_events&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;type&quot;: &quot;User&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;site_admin&quot;: false,&#xA;  &quot;name&quot;: &quot;Luis Rei&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;company&quot;: null,&#xA;  &quot;blog&quot;: &quot;http://luisrei.com&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;location&quot;: null,&#xA;  &quot;email&quot;: &quot;me@luisrei.com&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;hireable&quot;: null,&#xA;  &quot;bio&quot;: null,&#xA;  &quot;public_repos&quot;: 31,&#xA;  &quot;public_gists&quot;: 3,&#xA;  &quot;followers&quot;: 36,&#xA;  &quot;following&quot;: 2,&#xA;  &quot;created_at&quot;: &quot;2008-11-21T14:48:42Z&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;updated_at&quot;: &quot;2017-01-04T05:43:28Z&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T15:53:35.907" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T09:29:57.773" Title="How to Automate web services using JMETER?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25175" CreationDate="2017-01-30T06:14:16.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understood that, your requirement is to test URLs and their status codes. For this, you does not require jmeter. Even if you want to test in jmeter then you need to follow below steps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a test plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a HTTP Sampler and configure the web service URL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a Post Processor and collect the required info and save it into variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For checking the URLs and images, create separate  samplers and add assertions as per your requirement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest, as per your requirement, you can use Selenium/java. Please review the below attached link &lt;a href=&quot;http://restservicestesting.blogspot.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API Automation link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope my answer will help you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-01-30T06:42:37.153" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T06:42:37.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25175" CreationDate="2017-01-30T07:15:35.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler to perform initial call to the web service endpoint. You may also need to have &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Header_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt; to send the relevant &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Type&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Content-Type&lt;/a&gt; header&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSON_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON Extractor&lt;/a&gt; to extract the above URLs and convert them into &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Variables&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use JMeter Variables in the following HTTP Request samplers to check the URLs. Response code can be verified using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't recommend using Selenium for API testing as using browser it will be very tricky to send HTTP requests other than GET and manipulate request body and headers. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing SOAP/REST Web Services Using JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on web services load testing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T07:15:35.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25179" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-30T08:59:06.503" Score="2" ViewCount="2824" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can run my tests from my runner class without any problem. Here is my Runner-class: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(Cucumber.class)&#xA;@CucumberOptions(&#xA;        format = {&quot;pretty&quot;, &quot;html:target/cucumber&quot;},&#xA;        glue = {&quot;ru.mts.m2m.b2b.stepDefinition&quot;},&#xA;        features = &quot;./src/test/resources/features/Filter.feature&quot;)&#xA;public class RunFilterTest {&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public static void setUp(){&#xA;        Application.getInstance().setWindowSize(1920, 1080);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterClass&#xA;    public static void tearDown(){&#xA;        Application.getInstance().closeBrowser();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, I'm using JUnit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I'm trying to run tests from my feature file, I get fails and such a message in stacktrace: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cucumber.runtime.CucumberException: Failed to instantiate class ru.mts.m2m.b2b.stepDefinition.FilterDefinition&#xA;at cucumber.runtime.java.DefaultJavaObjectFactory.cacheNewInstance(DefaultJavaObjectFactory.java:47)&#xA;  at cucumber.runtime.java.DefaultJavaObjectFactory.getInstance(DefaultJavaObjectFactory.java:33)&#xA;  at cucumber.runtime.java.JavaStepDefinition.execute(JavaStepDefinition.java:38)&#xA;  at cucumber.runtime.StepDefinitionMatch.runStep(StepDefinitionMatch.java:37)&#xA;  at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runStep(Runtime.java:300)......&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I really can't understand what's wrong in my above code. I've tried many things, plz help me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23699" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T06:01:29.897" LastActivityDate="2018-09-05T13:36:00.633" Title="Can't run tests from Cucumber feature.file (cucumber.runtime.CucumberException:)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15839" CreationDate="2017-01-30T09:02:37.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot test offline as Web Driver needs to connect to the server. You would have to test locally.There are other options like either testing this manually ,Create a JS script to turn off internet connection or create spec that can do the E2E flow as long as the application is designed to work in offline mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have entire project locally installed and then write e2e test using my local machine.The issue is having the test run on a production server which is quite difficult to test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23759" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T09:02:37.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25156" CreationDate="2017-01-30T16:27:09.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short answer&lt;/strong&gt; - Probably not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The long answer&lt;/strong&gt; - There are some principles of test automation that mean you should not treat automated tests the way you would treat manual tests. It's fine, and common, to keep the same page open and run all the manual tests needed against it. Doing this with automation is dangerous for these reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Computers are very fast idiots&lt;/strong&gt; - they do precisely what they are told to do and nothing else. This means that if something is wrong after Test 1 and it doesn't stop the automated run, your results from Test 2 to the end of the run are compromised. You don't want that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parallel running is good&lt;/strong&gt; - you should be able to have your tests run completely independently of each other so that you can break them up and run them in parallel. Testing through the browser is the slowest form of automation, so you don't want to tie up machines for a long time. At the same time, independent tests mean that the &lt;em&gt;results&lt;/em&gt; of one test don't affect the results of a later test run on the same system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Each test does one thing&lt;/strong&gt; - Use something like the page object pattern to do the heavy lifting of managing the page functions. That way you have &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; routine to perform any action, and your tests just call that routine. Building your automation this way means you can have a pre-test setup that starts the browser, logs in, and navigates you to the correct page. Your test verifies that your target action works as expected. Then your post-test teardown logs off and closes the browser. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Early failures can hide later issues&lt;/strong&gt; - a problem with an early test in a run of dependent tests can hide problems with the later test. If each test depends on the one before it completing successfully, your last test may not be run because of failures. You can't tell if it has a problem unless it can run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's just a starting set of reasons not to re-use your sessions. There are many others. It's very rare that the run-time improvement you get from making your tests dependent isn't completely lost in the extra time you need to spend dealing with the consequences of dependent tests failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-01-30T16:27:09.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25175" CreationDate="2017-01-30T17:11:47.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Dmitri T @TESTasy  @QAMember @Rao &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created Jmeter test plan see in below, and now i want to check the urls marked in red arrow(which are in json response). how is it possible to check them are working fine with response assertions?? could please show me as by getting this example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/utEBH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/utEBH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;=====================================================&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fCUpb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fCUpb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;After adding JSON extractor and Debug Sampler avatar_url=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/35857?v=3 shown like below, but i want to check that this url working properly or not does it check according to this way? &quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T09:29:57.773" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T09:29:57.773" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25187" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-31T01:28:54.657" Score="2" ViewCount="1577" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a Hybrid Android app - Tubemate in Appium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using the following configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;selenium-java = version 3.0.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;appium java-client = version 4.1.2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;chromedriver = version 2.19&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android = 6.0.1 Marshmallow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome Webview = version 44.0.2403.119&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything is the latest version from mvn repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following Java Code is used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package tk.sathyacse67.tcs;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidElement;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;&#xA;&#xA;import java.net.MalformedURLException;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;&#xA;&#xA;public class HybridTest {&#xA;    AppiumDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;    public void beforeMethod() throws MalformedURLException {&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities android_dcb = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;        android_dcb.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;        android_dcb.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;6.0.1&quot;);&#xA;        android_dcb.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;device&quot;);&#xA;        android_dcb.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;devian.tubemate.home&quot;);&#xA;        android_dcb.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;devian.tubemate.home.TubeMate&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), android_dcb);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void f() throws InterruptedException, MalformedURLException {&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;devian.tubemate.home:id/title_ic_drawer&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;devian.tubemate.home:id/title&quot;)));&#xA;        List&amp;lt;AndroidElement&amp;gt; a=driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;devian.tubemate.home:id/title&quot;));&#xA;        a.get(6).click();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.context(&quot;WEBVIEW_devian.tubemate.home&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;input#lst-ib&quot;))).sendKeys(&quot;TCS&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterMethod&#xA;    public void afterMethod() {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But whenever I change my context from NATIVE_APP to WEBVIEW, it doesn't succeed always. Most of the time, Appium gets stuck at this stage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; info: [debug] returning process name: devian.tubemate.home&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Available contexts: &#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] [&quot;WEBVIEW_devian.tubemate.home&quot;]&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Available contexts: NATIVE_APP,WEBVIEW_devian.tubemate.home&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Connecting to chrome-backed webview&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Chromedriver: Changed state to 'starting'&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Chromedriver: Set chromedriver binary as: C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-chromedriver\chromedriver\win\chromedriver.exe&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Chromedriver: Killing any old chromedrivers, running: FOR /F &quot;usebackq tokens=5&quot; %a in (`netstat -nao ^| findstr /R /C:&quot;9515 &quot;`) do (FOR /F &quot;usebackq&quot; %b in (`TASKLIST /FI &quot;PID eq %a&quot; ^| findstr /I chromedriver.exe`) do (IF NOT %b==&quot;&quot; TASKKILL /F /PID %a))&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Chromedriver: No old chromedrivers seemed to exist&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Chromedriver: Spawning chromedriver with: C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-chromedriver\chromedriver\win\chromedriver.exe --url-base=wd/hub --port=9515&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Chromedriver: [STDOUT] Starting ChromeDriver 2.19.346078 (6f1f0cde889532d48ce8242342d0b84f94b114a1) on port 9515&#xA;&amp;gt; Only local connections are allowed.&#xA;&amp;gt; info: JSONWP Proxy: Proxying [GET /status] to [GET http://127.0.0.1:9515/wd/hub/status] with no body&#xA;&amp;gt; info: JSONWP Proxy: Got response with status 200: &quot;{\&quot;sessionId\&quot;:\&quot;\&quot;,\&quot;status\&quot;:0,\&quot;value\&quot;:{\&quot;build\&quot;:{\&quot;version\&quot;:\&quot;alpha\&quot;},\&quot;os\&quot;:{\&quot;arch\&quot;:\&quot;x86_64\&quot;,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;Windows NT\&quot;,\&quot;version\&quot;:\&quot;10.0\&quot;}}}&quot;&#xA;&amp;gt; info: JSONWP Proxy: Proxying [POST /session] to [POST http://127.0.0.1:9515/wd/hub/session] with body: {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;chromeOptions&quot;:{&quot;androidPackage&quot;:&quot;devian.tubemate.home&quot;,&quot;androidUseRunningApp&quot;:true,&quot;androidDeviceSerial&quot;:&quot;EBAZFG563168&quot;}}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After sometime holding at that stage, it says the following and quit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Didn't get a new command in 60 secs, shutting down...&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Shutting down appium session&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Pressing the HOME button&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] executing cmd: D:\tools_r25.2.3-windows\platform-tools\adb.exe -s EBAZFG563168 shell &quot;input keyevent 3&quot;&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Stopping logcat capture&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Logcat terminated with code null, signal SIGTERM&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;shutdown&quot;}&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type SHUTDOWN&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:&quot;OK, shutting down&quot;}&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Closed client connection&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be possible workaround?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23782" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T02:48:12.640" LastActivityDate="2021-05-18T23:06:55.650" Title="Appium stuck after context change from native to webview" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25188" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-31T01:51:24.980" Score="0" ViewCount="553" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing Hybrid android app in Appium, a change of context from NATIVE to WEBVIEW is expected. But, the name of the WEBVIEW context does not remain same at all instance of testing. However, it is one of the follwing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WEBVIEW_undefined&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WEBVIEW_{package_name_of_application_under_test}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say, I'm testing a Hybrid app with package name&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;com.webviewbrowser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the context name of the WEBVIEW switches randomly between the following two at every instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WEBVIEW_undefined&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WEBVIEW_com.webviewbrowser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I use the following in my code,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.context(&amp;quot;WEBVIEW_com.webviewbrowser&amp;quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Miserably, I actually receive the context name  &lt;strong&gt;WEBVIEW_undefined&lt;/strong&gt; sometimes and &lt;strong&gt;NosuchContextException&lt;/strong&gt; is thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does this happen even when no other app is running at the time of testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I get rid of this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23782" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2021-04-10T18:05:15.453" Title="Different context name for webview in Hybrid Android App test through Appium" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25188" CreationDate="2017-01-31T03:10:15.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;try adding : &lt;code&gt;capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;autoWebview&quot;, &quot;true&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are switching between 2 web views try to switch like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; windowHandles = InitialiseAppium.driver.WindowHandles;&#xA;InitialiseAppium.driver.SwitchTo().Window(windowHandles[1]);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T03:10:15.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25190" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25192" CreationDate="2017-01-31T04:15:40.760" Score="1" ViewCount="657" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is my code ,&#xA;and it works fine &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public static void WaitTillthisclassName(string elemantName, int TimefromMSeconds)&#xA;        {&#xA;            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(TimefromMSeconds));&#xA;            wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists(By.ClassName(elemantName)));&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But at there im passing &lt;code&gt;elemantName&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;string&lt;/code&gt; &#xA;I need to pass a &lt;code&gt;IWebElement&lt;/code&gt; type &lt;code&gt;elemantName&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how am i going to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And i also tried passing IWebElemant ,but got bellow errors.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vu5pV.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vu5pV.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T05:34:08.383" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T05:54:03.267" Title="Selenium IwebDriver pasing thru a method" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25190" CreationDate="2017-01-31T05:29:36.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public static void WaitTillthisclassName(IWebElement element, int TimefromMSeconds)&#xA;        {&#xA;            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(TimefromMSeconds));&#xA;            wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists((OpenQA.Selenium‌​.By)element));&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastEditorUserId="23028" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T05:54:03.267" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T05:54:03.267" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25194" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-31T06:46:10.687" Score="1" ViewCount="819" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created an application. And I want that application to accept 100000 users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I perform manual performance testing on application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23788" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T06:56:23.243" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T08:47:58.280" Title="Manual Performance Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-01-31T09:22:49.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25194" CreationDate="2017-01-31T06:49:53.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use a tool like jmeter to generate the users, however you will need multiple processes, machines, servers, etc.  This is consdierable undertaking, hard to answer in our Q&amp;amp;A format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T06:49:53.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25194" CreationDate="2017-01-31T06:52:04.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't. It is near impossible to generate a load of 100000 users manually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I have tried to mimimic 50 users manually on a Citrix desktop application using a couple of desktops and two testers. We kept repeating the most heavy actions in our application to check the servers would handle it. In the end the results where wild guesses and unsatisfying, but we sort-of knew we could handle the users on our new server setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Research performance testing tools to generate load. My personal favorite web-based load-test tool is &lt;a href=&quot;https://funkload.nuxeo.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Funkload&lt;/a&gt;. The most used and popular seems &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for the web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You wont get 100k users overnight. Monitor your servers and scale slowly as your user base grows. I think you are thinking about &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?PrematureOptimization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;premature optimizations&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T07:00:16.517" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T07:00:16.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25194" CreationDate="2017-01-31T06:56:48.657" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use  &lt;a href=&quot;http://locust.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Locust&lt;/a&gt;  which is An open source load testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23790" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T06:56:48.657" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25194" CreationDate="2017-01-31T06:59:33.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You won't be able to do this manually, you will need a load testing tool for it. The most popular free and open source load testing tools as of now are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; article for main features highlighted and compared. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T06:59:33.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25200" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-31T07:14:29.073" Score="0" ViewCount="1380" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a beginner in testing. I am working in selenium with page object design pattern. I want to keep the test data separately but I'm still confused. I want to know the difference between the usage of the properties file, YAML, and JSON. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any reason why I should use one of these file types for my test data? Does Selenium support one type of file for data better than the other types? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T12:43:19.133" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T12:43:19.133" Title="Difference between properties file, JSON, and YAML?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-02T22:29:41.247" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25201" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25208" CreationDate="2017-01-31T07:24:47.327" Score="2" ViewCount="842" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am using Selenium 3.0 with the TestNG framework and a page factory setup for maintaining the page setup. I have been using wini for fetching data from the text file using section and option name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are alternative ways for a Data-Driven approach?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can use I them for running same test case but with different set of data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please elaborate with examples&#xA;Here is how i am currently accessing it with section and option name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   @BeforeClass (alwaysRun=true)&#xA;   public void setup(ITestContext context) throws Exception{&#xA;            ClassLoader classLoader = getClass().getClassLoader();&#xA;            File file = new File(classLoader.getResource(&quot;datafile.txt&quot;).getFile());&#xA;            crmdatafile = new ReadData(file.getAbsolutePath());                          &#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;   @Test   &#xA;   public void setcontact(){&#xA;     Section section= crmdatafile.data.get(&quot;Contact_Buyer&quot;);                                                                                                                             &#xA;     ContactsPage.Select_Profile_Title(section.get(&quot;Title&quot;));&#xA;     ContactsPage.Select_Profile_Contactlanguage(section.get(&quot;Contact_language&quot;)); &#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how i have been fetching data from wini data text file where my datafile looks like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Contact_Buyer]&#xA;Title = Madam&#xA;Contact_language = French    &#xA;etc&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how can i achieve this using dataprovider to pass multiple values(many section and option names)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23573" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T15:15:25.667" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T15:15:25.667" Title="Alternative ways to implement Data-Driven Testing for Selenium 3.0?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25194" CreationDate="2017-01-31T08:21:39.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend looking at the suitability of using Jmeter to do this testing. You certainly can't do it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of online tutorials for Jmeter. The main Jmeter site is actually very good &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your 100,000 user test, you need to work out what the purpose of the test is.&#xA;What do you want these users to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this simply a 'break it' test? Are you trying to work out the maximum number of users the application can take?&#xA;If you think it's 100,000 then you need to start significantly below that and work up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to maintain 100,000 users on the site at the same time, think about how those users may be using the site. What actions will they be carrying out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look up some threads on here about resource/load profiling for performance testing. This will help you formulate a plan for testing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastEditorUserId="23465" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T08:47:58.280" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T08:47:58.280" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25200" CreationDate="2017-01-31T09:31:41.433" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://yaml.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAML&lt;/a&gt; is designed to be used by all programming languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YAML is a human friendly data serialization standard for all&#xA;  programming languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.json.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON&lt;/a&gt; originated in the JavaScript world and is mostly used as data format between back-ends and JavaScript web-front-ends.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange&#xA;  format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end it doesn't really matter which format you use. I would pick the one the team has the most experience with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T09:52:40.900" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T09:52:40.900" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25135" CreationDate="2017-01-31T10:35:13.367" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As already stated in the comments above, automated tests are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prone to errors unless you spend enough time to ensure they are stable;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unable to perform creative tasks;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;but at the same time faster and more durable when it comes to a lot of simple repeated actions (test steps).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the best way is to automate those areas of testing which include routine work while more complex use cases (e.g. security related ones) should be left for manual verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for scripts, they would be different for different tools. The main difference with manual ones is that you have to specify all preconditions and provide more detailed steps. Besides there are some scenarios a software tool cannot perform correctly (e.g. detect misaligned content, or export data into .csv file and check the consistency of this file).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21186" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T10:35:13.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25201" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:08:22.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try something like how the faker Gem does with locales?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/stympy/faker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/stympy/faker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example like: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/stympy/faker/blob/master/lib/locales/ca.yml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/stympy/faker/blob/master/lib/locales/ca.yml&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you different data sets as diff yml files and based on environment it picks the dif yml?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23801" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T11:08:22.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25201" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:14:44.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using TestNG have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters-dataproviders&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DataProviders&lt;/a&gt;. This way you can repeat a test for each data point you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static var data:Array = [ [ 0, 0 ], [ 1, 2 ], [ 2, 4 ] ];&#xA;&#xA;[Test( dataProvider=&quot;data&quot;)]&#xA;public function doubleTest( value1:int, value2:int ):void {&#xA;    assertEquals( value1, value2 * 2 );&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If non-technical users need to update the data you could later move the data:Array to another source, like Excel or a Wiki-table (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FitNesse&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T11:14:44.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25221" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:31:48.710" Score="0" ViewCount="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;My project have been experiencing the following issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During execution of a test run we aretrying to update some test steps.&#xA;The system produced a pop up box saying 'could no longer edit the test step'.&#xA;On closing the popup box, we attempted to edit the test step again and the same message appeared.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hitting F5 to refresh the browser causes the ‘edit’ button on the test run to disappear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test run was initially created yesterday at 10.37am (30/01/2017) and this issue occurred at almost exactly 24hrs later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've experienced a similar issue on another case where the edit button seems to have disappeared for no reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We haven't reassigned the case to another tester or anything of that nature, so we're kind of stumped!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know if TestRail gives you 24hrs after starting a test before it locks you out?&#xA;Or is there some setting I don't know about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note that I don't have admin access to TestRail, so can't check settings myself. It's controlled centrally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-06T03:49:19.277" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T03:49:19.277" Title="TestRail - Test runs being locked out" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25210" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:38:03.137" Score="1" ViewCount="2978" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:/Automation Stuff/ChromeDriver/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        ArrayList&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links = new ArrayList&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;();&#xA;        ***links = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));***&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm new to automation, just wanted to know why driver.FindElement(ByTagName(&quot;a&quot;)) is not storing the results in ArrayList.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23414" LastEditorUserId="23028" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T12:31:49.667" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T12:47:14.000" Title="what type of list does FindElements(ByTagName(&quot;a&quot;)) returns?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-02-01T11:32:42.067" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14556" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:38:05.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Alternately, you can use siege tool for a simple http/https load testing of your website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More details about Siege tool is here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.joedog.org/siege-home/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.joedog.org/siege-home/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can trigger the siege request from your local machine without impacting its cpu/memory usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23800" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T11:38:05.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25210" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:53:37.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since findElements uses WebDriver as generic type, List is an optimum choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElements(By by)&#xA;Find all elements within the current context using the given mechanism.&#xA;java.util.List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;findElements()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On Zero Match : return an empty list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On One Match : returns list of one WebElement only &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On more than One Match : returns list with all matching instance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23802" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T11:53:37.477" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25213" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:55:00.253" Score="1" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm experiencing a problem with RFT using SVN as our automation version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of our scripts in RFT use the same Object Map.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When 2 users map objects and commit, we cannot merge data, because the Object Map is an XML file with each object written in a unique row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, the xml ObjectMap is an infinity single row. when we try to merge data, we do not know where is the differences. i tried to format the file manually, but when RFT write changes in XML, it returns to a single row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BOZzE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BOZzE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23776" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2019-04-23T05:24:35.883" LastActivityDate="2019-04-23T05:24:35.883" Title="How to use RFT Object Maps in SVN directory?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;rft&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25210" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:55:47.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not familiar with Selenium in Java but I think that the return type is &lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements = driver.findElements&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or convert ArrayList to List&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T11:55:47.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25200" CreationDate="2017-01-31T11:57:21.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Properties file is a great option for scale-able test automation framework.&#xA;You can keep data in &lt;em&gt;key=value&lt;/em&gt; pairs.&#xA;Anyone with limited technical expertise can easily add/remove properties without messing the format.&#xA;Reading properties file in Java is considerably easy with Properties class or File reading libraries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23802" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T11:57:21.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25210" CreationDate="2017-01-31T12:36:59.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are trying to add elements to &lt;code&gt;ArrayList&lt;/code&gt; from a function &lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; that returns object type &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every &lt;code&gt;ArrayList&lt;/code&gt; is a &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt;, but not every &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt; is an &lt;code&gt;ArrayList&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;Integer&amp;gt; list = new ArrayList&amp;lt;Integer&amp;gt;();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ArrayList&amp;lt;Integer&amp;gt; aList = new ArrayList&amp;lt;Integer&amp;gt;();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try Using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List links = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;for(WebElement link : links)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;  System.out.print(link.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23804" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-01-31T12:47:14.000" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T12:47:14.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22518" CreationDate="2017-01-31T14:23:14.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This turned out to be a problem with the Browsersync settings in webpack config, not with browser instances.  Setting &lt;code&gt;ghostMode:false&lt;/code&gt; in the Browsersync settings section of the webpack config solved the problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21321" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T14:23:14.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24367" CreationDate="2017-01-31T14:58:25.997" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to accomplish this using a gulp task that accepted an argument representing the environment.  You can configure gulp tasks to accept arguments using a tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/yargs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;yargs&lt;/a&gt; and work with Protractor using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mllrsohn/gulp-protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gulp-protractor&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used this to switch out the &lt;code&gt;baseUrl&lt;/code&gt; in the protractor config.  Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const protractor = require(&quot;gulp-protractor&quot;).protractor;&#xA;&#xA;gulp.task('protractor', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;  const argv = require('yargs')&#xA;     .default('env', 'local')&#xA;     .argv&#xA;  return gulp.src(path_to_tests)&#xA;    .pipe(gulpif(argv.env === 'test', protractor({&#xA;      configFile: 'path_to_config',&#xA;      args: ['--baseUrl', env.testUrl]&#xA;   })))&#xA; ...etc&#xA; .on('error', function(e) {throw e; });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I could run the tests using &lt;code&gt;gulp protractor --env test&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21321" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T14:58:25.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25209" CreationDate="2017-01-31T16:07:14.117" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;And answering my own question....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I managed to speak to the system administrator for our TestRail system and he confirmed that there is a setting in the system which locks an active test run after 24 hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are thinking of removing it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T16:07:14.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25222" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25223" CreationDate="2017-01-31T18:04:39.363" Score="0" ViewCount="448" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to create some front-end automation for our web application. My plan is to use RSpec as the framework and Selenium to drive the browser. I see a lot of information (blog posts) around using Capybara with RSpec + Selenium. Are there advantages to using Capybara that I don't get by using RSpec + Selenium alone? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T19:45:11.097" Title="Are there advantages to using Capybara with RSpec + Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;rspec&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25222" CreationDate="2017-01-31T19:45:11.097" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/teamcapybara/capybara#key-benefits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Capybara benefits&lt;/a&gt; sum it up nicely:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;No setup necessary for Rails and Rack application. Works out of the box.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Intuitive API which mimics the language an actual user would use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Switch the backend your tests run against from fast headless mode to an actual browser with no changes to your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Powerful synchronization features mean you never have to manually wait for asynchronous processes to complete.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of these Selenium frameworks try to achieve the same things. Easier and more readable syntax, easier configuration and auto-waiting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you write their DSL you could also switch to other frameworks then Selenium, but capybara does not offer that yet, but it could be an advantage in the future. If a new testing method comes along let the Capybara team implement it with the same DSL. You might not even have to change your tests to use the new tech.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The downsides are that these frameworks add a layer of magic. Where if something goes wrong it is harder to debug what is going on, but they &quot;promise&quot; to let you develop faster. So balance the trade off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T19:45:11.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25135" CreationDate="2017-01-31T22:42:46.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;While I agree with facets of the other elements that people are highlighting in the other answers, there is another type of automated testing that appears to be missing: automation designed to reduce subjectivity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Humans vary in their ability to detect certain issues.  If you ask people if a sound plays the same time as a visual cue occurs, there is ~200ms of variability where some people would not be able to detect a problem.  Things like performance tests (as mentioned by Dan) are designed to concretely measure elements that were previously solely up to manual interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a likelihood of disagreement about whether or not something is an issue, having concrete data to back your case can often make the difference between it being fixed and it being ignored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing to keep in mind about automated tests is that if the amount of time that it takes to develop and maintain the test is less than the amount of time that it takes a user to run the test for the remainder of that project's lifetime, you should automate it if possible to save resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19271" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T22:42:46.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25129" CreationDate="2017-01-31T23:12:24.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have not seen this before. But searching for the error string you see takes me to &lt;a href=&quot;https://community.hpe.com/t5/Quality-Center-ALM-Practitioners/quot-Object-reference-not-set-to-an-instance-of-an-object-quot/td-p/5851477&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; where they seem to have solved the issue. Please try that out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a good habit to investigate on your own before you post questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20993" LastActivityDate="2017-01-31T23:12:24.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T05:20:23.220" Score="2" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in software testing. I am doing selenium automation. &#xA;I want to know the selenium frameworks. &#xA;What is the importance? I found the frameworks like data driven, keyword driven and hybrid. I want to know which framework is most people using and why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am following page object design pattern later I understand that my code doesn't follow any frameworks so I need to to know the importance of frameworks. I am keeping my test data in properties file. so which is the most suitable framework for properties file &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T06:03:17.867" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T07:12:41.713" Title="About selenium frameworks" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25229" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T05:58:03.933" Score="1" ViewCount="543" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing some issues in fetching Jenkins build data into influxDB. Actually, the main requirement in automated testing services is to show Jenkins job data on Grafana dashboard. So, I have created a Jenkins job and also added influxDB plugin for the same with all configuration changes made as per steps provided in &lt;a href=&quot;http://christoph-burmeister.eu/?p=2887https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26116711/how-to-install-influxdb-in-windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visualize Jenkins build data through InfluxDB in Grafana&lt;/a&gt;. [Query was already raised to author of URL but did not received any updates till now. That's why I posted my query here]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only change I did is that I have created a sample Windows batch command instead of Shell command (as I am using a Windows 7 machine). Further, the database is shown in Grafana dashboard. But since the Jenkins job data is not shown in influxDB so its not shown in Grafana dashboard as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know in case some step is not included in URL provided above so that Jenkins build data can be shown in influxDB. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T04:11:20.783" Title="Issue in displaying Jenkins build data to influxDB" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-02-02T22:31:37.833" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25227" CreationDate="2017-02-01T06:06:09.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will get a very comprehensive reading here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Wikilink&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About which framework is the most used ones, I do not think there is a statistic about it. It is contextual, will vary case by case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your last question, I do not understand what you meant by properties file, can you please elaborate? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-------------------Update--------------------&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OK, you are talking about data-driven testing. E.g. you separate test data from scripts that are using them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my personal experience, all of testing framework can be customized / extended to accommodate data-driven methodology. E.g. all testing framework can accept external data as parameters / resources. Of course, it may take you some time and effort on reading test framework documentation to make it work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have a read there, &lt;a href=&quot;https://examples.javacodegeeks.com/enterprise-java/testng/testng-dataprovider-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG and data driven testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T06:41:39.303" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T06:41:39.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25227" CreationDate="2017-02-01T06:19:45.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose of keyword driven frameworks compared to data driven frameworks.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keyword-driven testing is a technique that separates much of the programming work from the actual test steps so that the test steps can be developed earlier and can often be maintained with only minor updates, even when the application or testing needs change significantly. The keyword-driven testing methodology divides test creation into two stages:    Planning Stage, Implementation Stage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data- Driven testing is a framework where test input and output values are read from data files (datapools, ODBC sources, csv files, Excel files, DAO objects, ADO objects, and such) and are loaded into variables in captured or manually coded scripts. In this framework, variables are used for both input values and output verification values. Navigation through the program, reading of the data files, and logging of test status and information are all coded in the test script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What circumstances would make a keyword-driven framework more appropriate for an automated test suite than a data-driven framework?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The keyword driven automation framework is initially the hardest and most time-consuming data driven approach to implement. After all, we are trying to fully insulate our tests from both the many failings of the automation tools, as well as changes to the application itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To accomplish this, we are essentially writing enhancements to many of the component functions already provided by the automation tool: such as error correction, prevention, and enhanced synchronization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fortunately, this heavy, initial investment is mostly a one-shot deal. Once in place, keyword driven automation is arguably the easiest of the data driven frameworks to maintain and perpetuate providing the greatest potential for long-term success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For More Understanding &lt;a href=&quot;http://safsdev.sourceforge.net/FRAMESDataDrivenTestAutomationFrameworks.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T07:12:41.713" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T07:12:41.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T06:36:53.903" Score="1" ViewCount="942" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dbDjg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dbDjg.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please focus on the area highlighted in red.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As shown, when I try to do a search by typing &quot;7396198&quot;, the &lt;code&gt;&quot;Loading content. Please wait&quot;&lt;/code&gt; never disappears, so search is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can do an assertion for whether &lt;code&gt;&quot;Loading content. Please wait.&quot;&lt;/code&gt; text is present and validate the search functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as shown in the screenshot, the console log indicates that there is an internal server error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better programmatic approach to validating this search functionality with the help of console log details?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T18:34:43.293" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T18:34:43.293" Title="How best to validate functionality using the console log?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25233" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25240" CreationDate="2017-02-01T06:38:55.613" Score="1" ViewCount="868" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestFixture:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class TestForFirefox&#xA;{&#xA;    IWebDriver driver = null;&#xA;    [SetUp]&#xA;    public void Initialize()&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    }&#xA;    [Test]&#xA;    public void OpenAppTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.demoqa.com&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    [TearDown]&#xA;    public void CloseApp()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.Quit();&#xA;        driver.Dispose();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Packages I have installed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NUnit 2.6.4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NUnit Test Adapter 2.0.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Firefox Webdriver 0.11.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Support 2.53.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Webdriver 2.53.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My OS: Windows 10 and Firefox Ver: 48.0.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While running this code it shows:&#xA;object reference not set to an instance of an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23402" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:04:32.540" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:04:49.917" Title="How to run selenium Webdriver test cases in Firefox C#?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6046" CreationDate="2017-02-01T08:23:04.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me it sounds like you have two problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) An inadequate tool in JIRA - You need a proper test management tool, i.e. one actually designed for Test Management. Jira is not a test management tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) The number of configurations/systems/tests you have to deal with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For 1) I would suggest looking at TestRail. It integrates with JIRA, allows for multiple configurations of tests, supports assignment of groups of tests to individual testers and can track multiple instances of the same test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For 2) it sounds to me like you have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automation&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As Kate stated in her answer, your project is definitely a candidate for automation. I would suggest looking into things like Selenium. If your company wants to use automation then don't mess around trying to learn it 'on the side'. Find a decent test automation specialist and get them in to build you a framework and upskill your existing staff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risk based approach&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You have a lot of tests, a lot of configurations and too little time from what you've said.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How much regression do you run on new builds? If it's the entire test pack each time, then look at taking a risk based approach and focus your testing on the areas which have been specifically changed. Additional testing can be performed on areas where there has been no specific change to prove lack of regression of the system, but this can be a reduced effort as you're not expecting change there.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;As I said, look up 'risk based approaches' to testing and have a read up, it might fit your company, but it does come with its own risks which you would have to take into account.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T08:23:04.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25235" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T09:47:56.413" Score="2" ViewCount="532" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to view the description column in greadview in MTM, the issue is that when I go to Column options I can not find the description column, is there is something I should do? or is it not possible?&#xA;I need to copy paste test cases that have description from an excel sheet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5LhNA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5LhNA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see in the above image, Description column is not available. &#xA;Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2018-04-12T13:26:34.107" Title="How to view Description column in Gridview Microsoft test manager" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25236" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25242" CreationDate="2017-02-01T09:52:32.387" Score="3" ViewCount="4413" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got an error in my selenium program. I am using page object design pattern. And I want reading test data from properties file.&#xA;But it couldn't able to read ? Any one please help me to solve&#xA;page object &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageobjects;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class HomePage {&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.NAME, using = &quot;username&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement username;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using = &quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement password;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH, using=&quot;//*[@id=\'login-container\']/form/div[3]/div/p/input[1]&quot; )&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;&#xA;    //enter  username&#xA;    public void  userLogin(String user, String pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        username.sendKeys(user);&#xA;        password.sendKeys(pass);&#xA;        button.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package steps;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import pageobjects.ClientPage;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class LoginSteps {&#xA;&#xA;    public HomePage Login(String nam, String pas) {&#xA;        HomePage homePageObj = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver, HomePage.class);&#xA;        homePageObj.userLogin(nam,pas);&#xA;&#xA;        return homePageObj;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Util&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; package util;&#xA;&#xA;import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.file.File;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.util.Properties;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 29/11/16.&#xA; */&#xA;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl;&#xA;&#xA;    public DriverManager() throws IOException {&#xA;        // Get baseUrl property&#xA;        File file = new File(&quot;home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberTestCase&quot;+&quot;config.properties&quot;);&#xA;        FileInputStream fileInput = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            fileInput = new FileInputStream(file);&#xA;        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        //load properties file&#xA;        Properties prop = new Properties();&#xA;        try {&#xA;            prop.load(fileInput);&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // Start driver&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;public class ReadFileData extends DriverManager&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void initDriver() {&#xA;        //Arrange&#xA;        HomePage page = new LoginSteps().Login(prop.getProperty(&quot;nam&quot;), prop.getProperty(&quot;pass&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;properties file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;config.properties&#xA;    baseUrl=&quot;http://qmsadm&quot;&#xA;    nam=&quot;naveen&quot;&#xA;    pass=&quot;789555&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user21268" LastEditorDisplayName="user21268" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T07:28:40.593" LastActivityDate="2018-12-16T16:29:17.450" Title="Test data couldn't able to read from properties file" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;properties-file&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25233" CreationDate="2017-02-01T09:55:43.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Change the top part of your code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static IWebDriver Driver { get; set; }&#xA;[SetUp]&#xA;public void Initialize()&#xA;{&#xA;    Driver = new FirefDriverDriver()&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:04:49.917" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:04:49.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25238" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25236" CreationDate="2017-02-01T10:15:47.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error:&#xA;  unhandled inspector error: {&quot;code&quot;:-32603,&quot;message&quot;:&quot;&lt;strong&gt;Cannot navigate&#xA;  to invalid URL&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your &lt;code&gt;DriverManager&lt;/code&gt; you have an empty &lt;code&gt;baseurl&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String baseUrl=&quot;&quot;;&#xA;driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the Java documentation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;void get(java.lang.String url)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Parameters: url - The URL to load. It&#xA;  is best to &lt;strong&gt;use a fully qualified URL&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An empty string is not a url, not even close :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the &lt;code&gt;ReadFileData&lt;/code&gt; class you initiate the Driver, but without an url.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quick fix is to add a real url that can be loaded to the DriverManager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you should move the properties loading to the DriverManager? To populate the baseurl. Also maybe ask some developers to help you debug Java errors, you really need to learn and read them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public DriverManager() {&#xA;    // Get baseUrl property&#xA;    File file = new File(&quot;config.properties&quot;);&#xA;    FileInputStream fileInput = new FileInputStream(file);&#xA;    Properties prop = new Properties();&#xA;    prop.load(fileInput);&#xA;    fileInput.close()       &#xA;    baseUrl = prop.getProperty('baseUrl');&#xA;&#xA;    // Start driver        &#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T11:25:16.770" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T11:25:16.770" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25239" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25299" CreationDate="2017-02-01T11:11:46.123" Score="1" ViewCount="651" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a toolbar in the java application with buttons: ..., security, tools, login, logout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jrRJB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jrRJB.png&quot; alt=&quot;java toolbar&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UFT object spy can reach down to a certain button, but in script (descriptive programming) UFT can only see &lt;code&gt;JavaToolbar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;nowYouSeeMe = JavaWindow(&quot;label:=WinTitle&quot;).JavaToolbar(&quot;attached text:=ToolbarName&quot;).Exist(0)    'True&#xA;nowYouDoN_t = JavaWindow(&quot;label:=WinTitle&quot;).JavaToolbar(&quot;attached text:=ToolbarName&quot;).JavaButton(&quot;label:=logout&quot;).Exist(0)    'False&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I can not get property, e.g. &lt;code&gt;enabled&lt;/code&gt;, of a certain button. Just can press it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavaWindow(&quot;label:=WinTitle&quot;).JavaToolbar(&quot;attached text:=ToolbarName&quot;).Press &quot;logout&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any possibility to get property of a button? (Guess it should be the same like in JavaMenu, get property of menu item)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T14:31:12.087" Title="How to check property of JavaToolbar button with UFT/QTP?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25233" CreationDate="2017-02-01T11:53:46.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium 2.53.1 is not supported in Firefox 48, you will need to downgrade to Firefox 47 or use the Geckodriver instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38930370/selenium-2-53-or-2-48-not-working-in-firefox-48-0&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38930370/selenium-2-53-or-2-48-not-working-in-firefox-48-0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6074" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T11:53:46.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25236" CreationDate="2017-02-01T12:42:51.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have added wrong code in your &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Steps&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; Class.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Check below sample code -How data is loaded from properties file-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void loadPropertiesFile()&#xA;    {&#xA;        File file = new File(filepath + &quot;object_Repo.properties&quot;);&#xA;        FileInputStream fileInput = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            fileInput = new FileInputStream(file);&#xA;        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        //load properties file&#xA;        Properties prop = new Properties();&#xA;        try {&#xA;            prop.load(fileInput);&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        driver=getDriver();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void loginSteps() throws IOException&#xA;    {&#xA;        homePage obj1= new homePage(driver);&#xA;        obj1.userLogin(prop.getProperty(&quot;nam&quot;), prop.getProperty(&quot;pas&quot;));&#xA;        return homePageObj;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your code you missed to write code for loading test data from properties file-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prop.getProperty(&quot;nam&quot;), prop.getProperty(&quot;pas&quot;)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if it works...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T08:49:12.663" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T08:49:12.663" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25243" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T12:59:30.000" Score="1" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: document.getElementById(...) is null&#xA;Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30 17:32:46'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package TestngPackage;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class datepicker {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main (String[] args){&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;, &quot;E:\\selenium-2.53.1\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://192.163.222.186/~puzzlelife/development/#/register&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  &#xA;         JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;         js.executeScript(&quot;document.getElementById('bdate').value='02/03/2015'&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23195" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T13:09:49.910" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T19:51:02.780" Title="While executing disabled datepicker script by javascript, getting error. How to resolve?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25247" CreationDate="2017-02-01T13:58:10.247" Score="0" ViewCount="2426" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fjyQE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fjyQE.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test results as advised by Dimitri T&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Can any one help to resolve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4b0F1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4b0F1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/683eP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xzyPj.png&quot; alt=&quot;![&quot;&gt;]&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xzyPj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;[&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kGgDo.png&quot; alt=&quot;][1]&quot;&gt;]&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kGgDo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ywbpU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ywbpU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T17:22:39.410" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T17:22:39.410" Title="Jmeter Assertion failed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25244" CreationDate="2017-02-01T15:07:10.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to change your Response Assertion scope to &lt;strong&gt;Response Code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IRZBC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IRZBC.png&quot; alt=&quot;Assertion Response Code&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your default &lt;strong&gt;Text Response&lt;/strong&gt; setting looks for &lt;code&gt;200&lt;/code&gt; in the whole response body, HTTP status code isn't included into the body therefore your assertion fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will also make sense to change &quot;Pattern Matching Rules&quot; to &lt;strong&gt;Equals&lt;/strong&gt; to avoid matches in case when response code will be 2000 (unlikely though)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information on using JMeter Assertions: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in Three Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T15:07:10.847" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25248" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T18:04:20.140" Score="3" ViewCount="4778" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently have to test the data that is being processed from a file into the database. Currently I'm using Java to extract the data from the database and compare the data mapped to the table compared with the data coming from the source file. I'm using Cucumber for BDD purposes. An issue I'm running into is check whether all the fields are equal between the fields coming from the source file vs the fields coming from the database table. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say we have a User class in java which maps to a User table in the Database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a cucumber datatable with one record which has columns for all the fields of a User (i.e: first name, last name, username,etc). In the database User Table I have those same fields mapped to columns; first_name, last_name, user_name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I was comparing the field values from the DataTable vs the fields coming from the database kinda in the form of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Cucumber data table I have something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| user_name | first_name | last_name |&#xA;| bob1      | bob        |  bob      |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting the userEntity object using jdbcTemplate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String bobUserName = userList.get(1).get(0);&#xA;String sql = &quot;SELECT * FROM USER WHERE USER_NAME = ?&quot;;&#xA;UserEntity userEntity = (UserEntity) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new Object[] { bobUserName }, new UserRowMapper());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then inside the same method I want to check the field values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertEquals(userList.get(1).get(0), userEntity.getUserName());&#xA;assertEquals(userList.get(1).get(1), userEntity.getFirstName());&#xA;assertEquals(userList.get(1).get(2)), userEntity.getLastName());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the issue is when I run the test lets say the 2nd assertEquals [checking the first names] fails, then the test just stops there and doesn't continue. Ideally I'd like it to go through all the assertEquals and then give me all the ones that failed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way was that I create another User instance and fill its properties from the fields in the cucumber DataTable and then just do a simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;userFromDataTable.equals(userEntity);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but when this is false it doesn't tell me why its false. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any efficient way in Java to compare the fields like in my scenario? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22645" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-02-01T19:13:02.737" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T17:51:00.663" Title="Efficient way to test data quality of database through java?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9240" CreationDate="2017-02-01T21:04:28.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We do require to provide a TER(Test Exit Report after every Master Build Regression testing which is bundle of all the fixes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The contents of TER is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests Executed (Which are Automated, Manually checked, Exploratory&#xA;sessions) Fixes going out in this release - Impact on Areas of&#xA;product Tests excluded (reasons) Bugs found Status of those bugs Test&#xA;Duration Testers Involved, Total Effort Any Risks/Recommendations&#xA;Metrics (Diagrams of % tested, Automated, excluded...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Global Dev and technology team will consider this TER as a Sign off from Tester's team to start with User Acceptance Testing.Product Owners across the globe like in 15 different countries will read this TER may be not completely but they will make sure to check Recommendations/Risks content which will guide them to test anything in particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As there are about 15 different global teams involved in Master build release I think it's OK to provide a 2-3 page document at the end of testing phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do provide Test Summary or Test Exit reports for smaller projects which involves 1 day - 1 week testing via email no specific document will be sent in such cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18080" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T21:04:28.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15966" CreationDate="2017-02-01T21:22:03.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use to do gather as a team for Sprint Planing meeting(Where we decide, what can be delivered and which user stories to be delivered first/last in a sprint)Our sprint is for 2 weeks duration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scrum master will be ready in Sprint planing with any planned leaves from key resources and any Public holidays coming in a sprint etc and will decide the Total Team Effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Including tester's, BA, Dev's everyone will gather and it's Scrum Master turn to explain each user story with Acceptance Criteria of completing it on Digital screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then Dev's, Tester's will discuss on the flow about the effort involved or any dependencies etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We play &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/agile/planning-poker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Planning Poker&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; game to give individual estimates which are called story points. We decided that 1 point = 1/2 day work every company has their own definition of a story point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, after noting down every individual story points scrum master will come up with Actual Story point (which is the most common Estimate given by the team members)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say &#xA;PersonA thinks it's gonna take 2 points&#xA;PersonB- 3 Points&#xA;PersonC- 3 points&#xA;PersonD- 1 point&#xA;PersonE- 5 points&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then the most common estimate we got from team is 3 points so this will become the Estimate for the Story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18080" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T21:22:03.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25255" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-01T22:34:02.187" Score="5" ViewCount="677" Body="&lt;p&gt;After years of not writing tests, I'm going back to basics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone give me examples of the relationship between test scenarios and test cases? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding to date is, test scenarios are the 'what' we are testing and test cases are the 'how' we are going to test. These test cases are then broken down into positive and negative tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23838" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-07T11:40:54.997" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T11:40:54.997" Title="What's the difference between a test scenario and test case?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25255" CreationDate="2017-02-01T23:16:30.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test scenario and test case, people interpret them contextually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &lt;strong&gt;personal understanding&lt;/strong&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test scenario is we test a functionality via role-playing. E.g., We are testing stackoverflow QA site. The whole testing project can be divided into smaller test scenarios, with each scenario aims to test a single functionality. E.g., one test scenario is to test new user registration. A tester will imagine himself / herself as an end user, starting from registration, creating username and password, choosing which sites you are interested and finally receives a membership.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case is more abstract, more detailed and more refined. The test scenario above can be easily broken down into several smaller test cases: Does the register button lead a user to register a new user page when clicked? Can user name input box accept valid text input / reject invalid ones? Etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not draw a clear black-white borderline between test scenario and test case. People have been using them interchangeably very often. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-01T23:16:30.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25255" CreationDate="2017-02-02T04:26:36.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test scenario is the big picture of a main functionality.&#xA;Test case is the smallest element which describe the above big picture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One test scenario can have many test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T04:26:36.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25258" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25262" CreationDate="2017-02-02T04:54:28.900" Score="4" ViewCount="1224" Body="&lt;p&gt;In TDD the test always fails at the start because&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) The quality of Code is bad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) The developers don’t know the functionality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C) The developers can not test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D) There is no code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2021-01-05T08:10:38.060" Title="Why does the test always fails at the start in TDD?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25255" CreationDate="2017-02-02T05:17:23.753" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding and experience , &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario&lt;/strong&gt; is more about work flow or functionality based. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can add to cart.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can able to login.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can able to search with product and its description.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Cases&lt;/strong&gt; are part or sub set of one test scenario which are detailed in terms of input, output and process with valid and invalid steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can able to add to cart only available products.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can not Add to cart out of stock products.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can add to cart from search page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can able to login with valid credential.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can enter valid input in field  (like email, password criteria).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can search product of every category.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can search discounted product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can search out of stock products.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User can search with different criteria like price, type, feature etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you find answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T05:17:23.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25258" CreationDate="2017-02-02T07:14:55.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;TDD, test driven development. From my personal experiences, it has the following characteristics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Development starts the same time with test developments, from the very beginning of development cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests are written for features that have not been properly developed / implemented yet, e.g. an automated test script verifies if the output of a feature is within 5~99, integers only.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated tests start running, of course, they will fail initially as the feature has not been implemented yet OR not working properly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers write their codes to produce an output between 5~99, automated tests are executed on a regular basis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD tests will pass once the feature is implemented properly. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;END&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) The quality of Code is bad&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is a possibility, but how &quot;bad&quot; it is? Does it produce unexpected behavior? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) The developers don’t know the functionality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is possible too, if the developers do not know the functionality, they may not be able to produce the expected output hence TDD will fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C) The developers can not test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is unlikely to be the answer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D) There is no code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is possible too, no code = no output, TDD tests will always fail. But this answer is way too obvious to be true IMO.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My money is on &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T07:35:41.747" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T07:35:41.747" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25258" CreationDate="2017-02-02T08:22:28.090" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D) There is no code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the one and only correct answer because the idea of TDD is that you only implement code for which you have a failing test. It prevents you from implementing things you do not yet need. This comes from one of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ExtremeProgramming&lt;/a&gt; practises &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilenutshell.com/yagni&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way XP’ers would keep themselves honest is to insist they write a&#xA;failing unit test (demonstrating the need for complexity) BEFORE&#xA;adding the extra complexity to the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Failing test example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps for a failing tests are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Declare &amp;amp; Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write test &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?ArrangeActAssert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arrange/Act/Assert&lt;/a&gt; parts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Satisfy compiler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify it fails by running it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you can start writing your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background from the XP website:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you create your tests first, before the code, you will find it much easier and faster to create your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating a unit test helps a developer to really consider what needs&#xA;to be done. Requirements are nailed down firmly by tests. There can be&#xA;no misunderstanding a specification written in the form of executable&#xA;code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Learning &amp;amp; practise TDD:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone interested in TDD should watch the theory and practise the examples described in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/the-coding-doj&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Coding Dojo TDD PluralSight video&lt;/a&gt;, preferable in a group setting. It will learn you which skills are required for TDD and practise them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The learning starts with TDD kata's like the &lt;a href=&quot;http://osherove.com/tdd-kata-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;string calculator&lt;/a&gt; and or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://butunclebob.com/ArticleS.UncleBob.TheBowlingGameKata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bowling game&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other reads:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/testfirst.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/testfirst.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agiledata.org/essays/tdd.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://agiledata.org/essays/tdd.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://vimeo.com/83960706&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Steve Freeman's TDD (that's not what we meant) video&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2021-01-05T08:10:38.060" LastActivityDate="2021-01-05T08:10:38.060" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-02T09:14:19.787" Score="1" ViewCount="690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium with page object pattern. And I am using property file for keeping the test data , not scattering all over the script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package propertytest;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import pageobjects.HomePage;&#xA;import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;public class ReadFileData extends DriverManager&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public ReadFileData() throws IOException {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void initDriver() {&#xA;        //Arrange&#xA;        HomePage page = new LoginSteps().Login(prop.getProperty(&quot;nam&quot;), prop.getProperty(&quot;pas&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;config.properties&#xA;&#xA;baseurl=http://qms&#xA;nam=nab&#xA;pass=699&#xA;nam=gg&#xA;pas=677&#xA;nam=kkh&#xA;pas=7987&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to pass entire test data in one config.properties file.  Is it possible ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="23426" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T09:20:53.673" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T11:09:43.010" Title="How to test with multiple test data using property file?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;properties-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-02T12:18:16.750" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25264" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-02T11:09:03.457" Score="2" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;What should be the expected result if I do not enter content in form field that are required?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When/how should the user be notified?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23846" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T13:19:21.193" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T19:55:23.867" Title="What is the expected result to test when there are blank form fields?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-03T21:57:40.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25263" CreationDate="2017-02-02T11:09:43.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible. Have a look at jUnit &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.12/org/junit/experimental/theories/Theories.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;theories&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.12/org/junit/experimental/theories/DataPoint.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;datapoints&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A theory test is a test that is repeated for each datapoint. In your case you could load your properties into data points in make the test repeat it self for each entry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reads: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://farenda.com/junit/junit-theories-with-datapoints/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://farenda.com/junit/junit-theories-with-datapoints/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T11:09:43.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25232" CreationDate="2017-02-02T11:15:46.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As for the current test case I think the best thing to do is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Search for something that is not there and add an assertion for the existence of &quot;No results are available for your search&quot; message existence or anything similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- search for something that will definitely return results and check if results are displayed (results table is filled) or anything similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will vote against checking the request, because generally it might not mean that the search is failing, maybe after you get the response, there is a retry mechanism, or the results are received successfully in the response but they are not displayed in a proper way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T11:15:46.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25264" CreationDate="2017-02-02T12:46:27.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you didn't enter anything and the field is optional, you should expect the empty field to be accepted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you didn't enter anything and the field is required, you should expect an error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you entered a non-printable character such as &lt;kbd&gt;Space&lt;/kbd&gt; or &lt;kbd&gt;Tab&lt;/kbd&gt;, and this is valid input, you should expect the field to be accepted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you entered a non-printable character such as &lt;kbd&gt;Space&lt;/kbd&gt; or &lt;kbd&gt;Tab&lt;/kbd&gt;, and this is not valid input, you should expect the field an error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First check what the documentation of your application says the field is supposed to accept, then expect the field's behavior to match the documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T12:46:27.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25269" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-02T12:49:16.023" Score="1" ViewCount="558" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a data file in selenium webdriver as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Contact_Buyer]&#xA;Title = Madam&#xA;Contact_language = French&#xA;&#xA;[Contact_Owner]&#xA;Title = sir&#xA;Contact_language = English&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want my test to run for each keyset &lt;code&gt;Contact_Buyer&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Contact_Owner&lt;/code&gt;. suppose my test as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setcontact() {&#xA;    crmdatafile = new ReadData(file.getAbsolutePath()); //Has complete file contents&#xA;    Section section= crmdatafile.data.get(&quot;Contact_Buyer&quot;); //has all values under section for Contact_Buyer&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I use dataprovider to pass these keysets to testcase such that my test is run twice for different data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23573" LastEditorUserId="23406" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T02:54:52.350" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T02:54:52.350" Title="dataprovider for key value pair to run same test for different dataset" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25264" CreationDate="2017-02-02T13:18:15.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If client side validation exists and the field is required you will usually be given a message (red, bold, *) by that field either on tabbing out (i.e. defocus) of the field or when you try to submit the form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If only server side validation exists, the form will be submitted and then if the field is required, re-displayed to the client, ideally with markup (red, bold, *) that indicates the field is required.  Other field values already entered should be retained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T13:18:15.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25264" CreationDate="2017-02-02T13:53:28.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When/how should the user be notified?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's usually a design decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look to the following sources&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A discussion with the designer and/or product owner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other company applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T13:53:28.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25248" CreationDate="2017-02-02T15:59:09.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to take look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm/blob/master/core/src/main/java/cucumber/api/DataTable.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DataTable&lt;/a&gt; of cucumber-jvm since you've been using it anyway. The idea is to use one of its &lt;code&gt;diff&lt;/code&gt; methods to compare the expected to the actual state of the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case you could have done the diff along the following (pseudo)lines: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;User&amp;gt; actualUsers = new ArrayList&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;for (User expectedUser: userList) {&#xA;    User actualUser = loadUserFromDbByName(expectedUser.getName());&#xA;    if (actualUser != null) {&#xA;         actualUsers.add(actualUser);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;DataTable.create(actualUsers).diff(userList);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will have to play a bit with the proper input parameter to your glue method and conversions to the consistent column names, but at the end you will get a nice difference printout on difference between expected and actual user list. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might require basic acquaintance with java though. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18297" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T15:59:09.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25269" CreationDate="2017-02-02T16:16:20.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters-dataproviders&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The documentation&lt;/a&gt; is a good start to understanding the data provider feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the following code will run the test twice (once for the buyer and once for the owner):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&#xA;public Object[][] getContacts() {&#xA;    crmdatafile = new ReadData(file.getAbsolutePath()); //Has complete file contents&#xA;    Section buyerSection = crmdatafile.data.get(&quot;Contact_Buyer&quot;);&#xA;    Section ownerSection = crmdatafile.data.get(&quot;Contact_Owner&quot;);&#xA;    return new Object[][]{ { buyerSection }, { ownerSection } };&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(dataprovider = &quot;getContacts&quot;)&#xA;public void test(Section section) {&#xA;    // TODO use section and make assertions&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23406" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T16:16:20.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25280" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25282" CreationDate="2017-02-02T19:48:00.800" Score="1" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I always wonder this as I write integration tests: &lt;strong&gt;at what point is the test &quot;too&quot; long.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example I have some tests that go through a website to create various things (Widgets) we'll call them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;code&gt;FactoryGirl&lt;/code&gt; to basically set up the &quot;minimal&quot; amount of information needed in the database. (Users/Companies) mainly that this widget gets created under.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I also want to test deleting of the widget. So....I can either set up every single part of the &quot;Widget&quot; creation from within various factories, which is both time-consuming, ugly and technically incorrect. (Technically incorrect because to delete something, a user would have to create it first as opposed to it just &quot;being there&quot;, and ugly...I guess because you are adding a ton of factories just to support a simple deletion test)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or I can go through the creation of the widget process THEN deleting the widget in one test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this bad practice? It mimics what the user would do more-so than setting up the widget data and then having a small test that clicks a delete button. Or am I looking at this the wrong way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="12629" LastEditDate="2017-02-02T20:15:50.537" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T20:37:57.913" Title="At what point is an integration test &quot;Too&quot; Complicated?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25264" CreationDate="2017-02-02T19:55:23.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;What should be the expected result if I do not enter content in form field that are required?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is not clear whether a &quot;required&quot; form field is a &quot;must-have&quot; or an &quot;optional&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For a &quot;must-have&quot; form field, such as a username or a password form fields when you are registering a new account (for example), should you leave them empty, there will be some kind of prompt message as soon as you click &quot;Next step&quot; or &quot;Save&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For an optional form field, if it is left blank AND there is no &quot;must-have&quot; field form that is left blank at the same time, you should get no prompt message.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;When/how should the user be notified?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are a few common scenarios, take Facebook registration page for example. &lt;strong&gt;All fields, First name, Surname, Mobile number or email address, Re-enter mobile number or email address&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;New passwor&lt;/strong&gt;d are &quot;must-have&quot;s. A red exclamation mark will appear within a field form once you have interacted with it AND have left it blank; the field forms that have not been interacted with will not display any form of warning messages yet.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GKOvB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GKOvB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of field forms will display red exclamation marks if you have interacted with them AND have left them blank.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UZ6ia.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UZ6ia.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the popular online shopping website in New Zealand as a different example, &#xA;&quot;must-have&quot; form fields such as &lt;strong&gt;Your email address, Choose a password, Confirm password, Choose a user name, First name, Last name, Gender, Date of birth, Country&lt;/strong&gt;, they will not display any prompt messages if they are left blank.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wwPi7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wwPi7.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They will only display prompt messages if the &lt;strong&gt;Join Trade Me button&lt;/strong&gt; is clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Lo9E.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Lo9E.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from the two examples above, you will occasionally see a pop-up window as well should you leave any field form blank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T19:55:23.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25280" CreationDate="2017-02-02T20:37:57.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My personal interpretation is&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you have two different ways to create a widget, one is to create via factories in the back end.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cyMzb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cyMzb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;while second one is to create on the front end as a user would.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LaVeK.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LaVeK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of approaches have their pros and cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you create a widget the ugly way, its &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is it does not simulate a user will do in real life and hence you are testing the front end effectively, and it is hard for you to delete it. Its &lt;strong&gt;pro&lt;/strong&gt; is you can create widgets in batch, you may need a test scenario that requires a large number of widgets to be created.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you create a widget on the front end interactively, its &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pro&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: it is a more realistic testing scenario and you can delete it easily. Its &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;con&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: only one widget can be created each time, it is relatively slow to create widgets in large numbers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depends on your actual testing requirements, you may need to accommodate both approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T20:37:57.913" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25283" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25284" CreationDate="2017-02-02T21:06:42.870" Score="2" ViewCount="1589" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hello I'm a novice when it comes to this so forgive my ignorance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to port over my Selenium test to a linux based server, however the linux server has no GUI and cannot run an exe (Chromedriver). My selenium test is in a JAR the server is a red hat linux server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought I could just port my test over and use the linux based chromedriver but I doubt that would work since it needs a display and chrome to actually do the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how can I run my test on cron which doesn't allow the GUI of chrome? I've read a bit into running chrome headless with XVFB but I'm not too sure if thats the right direction. If someone could point me in the right direction with links or advice on how to make it happen that would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T00:24:52.353" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T09:11:25.817" Title="Selenium Test in Cron" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;linux&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25283" CreationDate="2017-02-02T22:07:25.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cron is just the default linux scheduler. If you want to schedule tests on a linux machine you need to be able to run them first without the scheduler. Once you got that working scheduling is the easiest part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using XVFB still seems to way togo if you use Java&amp;amp;Linux, but all the tutorials are 3 years old. This stackoverflow.com answer seems pretty complete: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/15514348/1088584&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/15514348/1088584&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would look at a headless browser like &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;, but for Java you need a special implementation like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/MachinePublishers/jBrowserDriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jBrowserDriver&lt;/a&gt;. Or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GhostDriver&lt;/a&gt;, but that is not maintained anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of cron I would have a look at a CI-server like &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;. Those are so much better in scheduling and reporting on test-runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe instead of setting up your own VM's have a look at Selenium WebDriver cloud services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://testingbot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestingBot&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt;. This saves you the setup and maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T22:07:25.637" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25283" CreationDate="2017-02-02T22:28:36.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Niels' answer (headless browser) is one option. Another option is to have a VM with real browser, like Chrome, and point Selenium to use that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, even if you use headless browser, you should run your tests against real browser(s). Browsers should be compatible (in ideal world) but we are not there yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In theory, there is no difference between the theory and the reality. In reality, there is. As QA, you should develop a habit to NOT blindly trust the components of your system behaving as they are supposed to: Sometimes they do not. Trust, but verify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-02-02T22:28:36.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25287" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-03T06:04:47.497" Score="0" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are automating test cases using excel, we write test cases in excel sheet and we make them execute using selenium C# tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I added 5 steps to execute single test case, then I don't want to execute 3rd step without deleting it. Is it possible to do uncomment that 3rd step?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19366" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T18:46:16.517" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T18:46:16.517" Title="I want to Comment and UnComment the test steps in excel, need help" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25287" CreationDate="2017-02-03T06:23:23.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand you correctly you want sometimes to not execute the 3rd step. In such a way that choose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot comment in Excel, what you can do is instead of putting the 3rd value in Excel let the testers write &quot;skipstep&quot; in the field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your automated C# step code you could do something like this psuedo code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string thirdValue = getYourDataFromExcelFunction().thirdfield;    &#xA;if (thirdValue != 'skipstep') {&#xA;  // code for third step&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way it is clear the step should skipped and you handle it neatly in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T06:23:23.053" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25287" CreationDate="2017-02-03T06:54:37.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with the option of adding &quot;//&quot; at the first of each step I want it to be skipped and in the code write something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(step.startsWith(&quot;//&quot;))&#xA;{&#xA;  step.skip;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T06:54:37.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-03T09:03:52.147" Score="0" ViewCount="160" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please guide me. . .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using TwinTool by using Selenium &amp;amp; generate test-code plan to open my desktop app url on IE browser. I have chosen TwinTool for UI window based application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am uptodate with TwinJar as external jars in Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23847" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T11:47:35.943" Title="How to open url of windows app on IE browser?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-02-04T02:41:57.087" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10466" CreationDate="2017-02-03T11:36:46.350" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your driver implements &lt;code&gt;WebStorage&lt;/code&gt; you can invoke&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.getSessionStorage().clear();&#xA;driver.getLocalStorage().clear();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to make sure that the driver does implement &lt;code&gt;WebStorage&lt;/code&gt; the idiom is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (driver instanceof WebStorage) {&#xA;    WebStorage webStorage = (WebStorage)driver;&#xA;    webStorage.getSessionStorage().clear();&#xA;    webStorage.getLocalStorage().clear();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or better&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (!(driver instanceof WebStorage)) {&#xA;    throw new IllegalArgumentException(&quot;This test expects the driver to implement WebStorage&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;WebStorage webStorage = (WebStorage)driver;&#xA;webStorage.getSessionStorage().clear();&#xA;webStorage.getLocalStorage().clear();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23877" LastEditorUserId="32102" LastEditDate="2020-04-20T00:52:44.050" LastActivityDate="2020-04-20T00:52:44.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25291" CreationDate="2017-02-03T11:47:35.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure why have you chosen &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/archive/p/twin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TWIN&lt;/a&gt; (developed by eBay) to test an IE browser. My answer will hopefully convince you to research other tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some reasons why you will not get help with working with TWIN. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I has not been under development since 2011.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This means that probably no one is using it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It was designed to drive desktop applications, not browsers like IE, since these are already supported by Selenium itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Looks like TWIN is badly documented.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would advice to search for an alternative, maybe just Selenium if only you want to test with IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next to that wonder if you really need to test IE, maybe Edge, Firefox or Chrome is good enough. Read: &lt;a href=&quot;https://watirmelon.blog/2014/03/13/do-you-really-need-to-run-your-webdriver-tests-in-ie/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://watirmelon.blog/2014/03/13/do-you-really-need-to-run-your-webdriver-tests-in-ie/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe this guide can help you with setting up Selenium and IE. Read: &lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/execute-selenium-script-in-ie-browser/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://learn-automation.com/execute-selenium-script-in-ie-browser/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T11:47:35.943" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25239" CreationDate="2017-02-03T13:53:02.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;GetItemProperty([item], [property])&lt;/code&gt; method is used to check property of &lt;code&gt;JavaToolbar&lt;/code&gt; item. E.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;enabledProp = JavaWindow(&quot;label:=WinTitle&quot;).JavaToolbar(&quot;attached text:=ToolbarName&quot;).GetItemProperty(&quot;logout&quot;, &quot;enabled&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-02-03T14:04:51.470" LastActivityDate="2017-02-03T14:04:51.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25301" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-03T19:26:57.690" Score="5" ViewCount="771" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm starting to learn Gatling and using Gatling Recorder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my SUT, login is done via Google Auth, but when I try to record steps with Gatling Recorder and Firefox with the proxy set, I receive the following message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Your connection is not secure&#xA;&#xA;The owner of accounts.google.com has configured their website improperly. &#xA;To protect your information from being stolen, Firefox has not connected to this website.&#xA;&#xA;This site uses HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) to specify that Firefox only connects to it securely. &#xA;As a result, it is not possible to add an exception for this certificate.&#xA;&#xA;accounts.google.com uses an invalid security certificate. &#xA;The certificate is not trusted because it is self-signed. &#xA;The certificate is only valid for Gatling Error code: SEC_ERROR_UNKNOWN_ISSUER&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried HTTPS Mode &quot;Certificate Authority&quot; with the certificate generated from Gatling and the message is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Your connection is not secure&#xA;&#xA;The owner of accounts.google.com has configured their website improperly. &#xA;To protect your information from being stolen, Firefox has not connected to this website.&#xA;&#xA;This site uses HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) to specify that Firefox only connects to it securely. &#xA;As a result, it is not possible to add an exception for this certificate.&#xA;&#xA;accounts.google.com uses an invalid security certificate. &#xA;The certificate does not come from a trusted source. &#xA;Error code: MOZILLA_PKIX_ERROR_V1_CERT_USED_AS_CA&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried using a manually self-signed certificate but again with no success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does someone have an idea how to use Gatling Recorder with Google Auth?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23408" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T08:38:19.753" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T21:00:50.383" Title="Gatling recorder with Google Auth" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;gatling&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25283" CreationDate="2017-02-04T09:11:25.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, Jenkins solution is better than cron. As for the headless browser, you may use HTML Unit driver. Another solution that helps to use webdriver in non Gui mode is to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xvfb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XVirtual frame buffer&lt;/a&gt; for Linux. Using it you may utilize both Chrome and Firefox drivers. The whole solution, that includes Jenkins, Selenium Firefox driver and Blazemeter with using XVirtual frame buffer on Linux is described &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/headless-execution-selenium-tests-jenkins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here: Headless Execution of Selenium Tests in Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; - . In this solution Jenkins is used to orchestrate test launches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23889" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T09:11:25.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25304" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25156" CreationDate="2017-02-04T10:16:35.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple answer: yes, open the page for each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why: tests should be independent, so you should be able to run any test without the others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T10:16:35.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25023" CreationDate="2017-02-04T10:56:16.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you mean in you question how to launch test on the multiple instances of different browsers, you should use cloud based tools, as SauceLabs, BrowserStack or Blazemeter, that help you to scale up your tests. To use cloud solution for launching you tests in multiple browsers is justified, as any browser requires considerable resources, as CPU and RAM. If launching tests in multiple browsers pursues the purpose to create a load, than you should to use webdriver sampler in Jmeter or Taurus + Selenium to scale up selenium tests and Blazemeter to launch them in the cloud. If it's what you are looking for you may find more details in the post &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/can-you-run-performance-test-100000-real-browsers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/can-you-run-performance-test-100000-real-browsers&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23889" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T10:56:16.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25023" CreationDate="2017-02-04T12:47:46.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;WebDriver.for&lt;/code&gt;, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require 'selenium-webdriver'&#xA;require 'rspec-expectations'&#xA;&#xA;def setup(platform, browser_name, browser_version)&#xA;  caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.send(browser_name.to_sym)&#xA;  caps.platform = platform&#xA;  caps.version = browser_version.to_s&#xA;&#xA;  @driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(&#xA;    desired_capabilities: caps)&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def teardown&#xA;    @driver.quit&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T12:47:46.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25307" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25308" CreationDate="2017-02-04T15:35:34.120" Score="4" ViewCount="1685" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to find the XPath of a text field &lt;em&gt;username&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;password&lt;/em&gt;, but it keeps on changing dynamically. I won't be able to use &lt;code&gt;starts-with&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; in a &lt;code&gt;findelement&lt;/code&gt; using XPath. Here's the HTML DOM-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;      &amp;lt;div id=&quot;contents&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;h1 style=&quot;white-space:pre; width:80px; float:left;line-height:35px;&quot;&amp;gt;Login&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;span style=&quot;float:left; padding-top:13px; COLOR:#990033; font-weight:bold;&quot;&amp;gt;  Student | Parent | Faculty&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-elements&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-elements&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-elements&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;div class=&quot;label-txt&quot;&amp;gt;Password&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;input id=&quot;rcnr2uew1m0rkikeaaniwk&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; name=&quot;rcnr2uew1m0rkikeaaniwk&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;input id=&quot;ko2xs123ebqyoluh15bulu&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; name=&quot;ko2xs123ebqyoluh15bulu&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;input id=&quot;cuouek4bfz41etm4hroj0r&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; name=&quot;cuouek4bfz41etm4hroj0r&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;input id=&quot;u2ta3gv2o2ce0azx5plpuh&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; name=&quot;u2ta3gv2o2ce0azx5plpuh&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;input id=&quot;g03nwjuzhqnkuwgsl4q2mu&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; name=&quot;g03nwjuzhqnkuwgsl4q2mu&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;input id=&quot;gddwv4z3amojk0yvoxi2v4&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; name=&quot;gddwv4z3amojk0yvoxi2v4&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;input id=&quot;kxecmkho2vf1vcfb42icjr&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; name=&quot;kxecmkho2vf1vcfb42icjr&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;span id=&quot;ctl04&quot; style=&quot;color:Red;visibility:hidden;&quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to find the &lt;code&gt;input[4]&lt;/code&gt; with no style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Absolute XPath:&#xA; &lt;code&gt;html/body/form/div[3]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/input[4]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next time how it changes-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Absolute XPath: &lt;code&gt;html/body/form/div[3]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/input[17]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; of the &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; also keeps on changing without any common trait&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T07:05:53.137" LastActivityDate="2018-11-14T13:07:55.963" Title="Dynamic XPath in Selenium - which input field keeps changing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25307" CreationDate="2017-02-04T17:09:32.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For the password you could try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@type='password'][not(@style)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the username :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@type='text'][not(@style)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will select all input elements where the type attribute has the value 'password' (or 'text'), that do not have the style attribute defined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ofcourse these are not super precise yet, you could additionally check whether there is a sibling div element that has the value 'Password' or 'User Name'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[text()='User Name']/../input[@type='text'][not(@style)]&#xA;//div[text()='Password']/../input[@type='password'][not(@style)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastEditorUserId="19493" LastEditDate="2017-02-04T17:16:48.617" LastActivityDate="2017-02-04T17:16:48.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25310" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-05T05:01:10.120" Score="2" ViewCount="6090" Body="&lt;p&gt;On my project i have 4 different environment.&#xA;Dev,stag,uat and prod.&#xA;So i need to run a test case for all four environments as a one test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only the change to the code will be web driver URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So below is my &lt;code&gt;AssemblyInitialize&lt;/code&gt; and in here im trying open the webdriver with two of my environments.&#xA;but it is not going to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; [AssemblyInitialize]&#xA;        public static void setupDriver(TestContext TestContext)&#xA;        {&#xA;            string[] array = new string[2];&#xA;            array[0] = URL1;&#xA;            array[1] = URL2;&#xA;            foreach (var item in array)&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            Driver = new ChromeDriver(ChromeDriverFilePath);&#xA;            Driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(item);&#xA;            Driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&#xA;&#xA;            SetupElm elm = new SetupElm();&#xA;            elm.IdentityServer.Click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            Extent = new ExtentReports(ExtentHTMLReportPath, true);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T09:25:01.513" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T12:01:46.093" Title="How to run same test case for four differant environments in selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25332" CreationDate="2017-02-05T06:55:28.247" Score="1" ViewCount="563" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to long press on android record button(during chat) for a particular time duration in appium test, by java. I have tried 3 ways but all are not working, those are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Way 1: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By pressRecBtn = By.id(&quot;recorderButton&quot;);&#xA;int x = 353;  // x coordinate of device screen, get it after enabling the Show touch and Pointer location from developer option &#xA;int y = 980; // same as x&#xA;int timeInMs = 4000;&#xA;&#xA;Action.longPress(driver.findElement(pressRecBtn)).longPress(x, y, timeInMs).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Way 2: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By pressRecBtn = By.id(&quot;recorderButton&quot;);&#xA;int timeInMs = 4000;&#xA;&#xA;Action.longPress(driver.findElement(pressRecBtn)).waitAction(timeInMs).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for this way it's pressed on record button but for a default time(&gt;=1000 MS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Way 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By pressRecBtn = By.id(&quot;recorderButton&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Action.longPress(driver.findElement(pressRecBtn)).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way also working same as way 2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23898" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T10:11:21.777" Title="How to long press on android record button(during chat) for a particular time duration in appium test, by java" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25310" CreationDate="2017-02-05T07:11:02.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As always, there's numerous ways to do this. Here are just two example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Java&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use Java, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/environment/sysprop.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;System Properties&lt;/a&gt; to pass configuration data like the target URL into your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(...);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://dev/app/...&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String env = System.getProperty(&quot;target.env&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(...);&#xA;driver.get(env);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows you to specify a value for &lt;code&gt;target.env&lt;/code&gt; dynamicaly at runtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you specify the value when executing tests depends on how you run them. If you start your tests from Eclipse, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/862391/how-to-pass-the-d-system-properties-while-testing-on-eclipse&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you run your tests through the command line, just add the &lt;code&gt;-D&lt;/code&gt; switch and specify the value accordingly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar mytests.jar -Dtarget.env=http://prod/app/...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;.NET&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In .NET the simplest way to do this is passing that information via an &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/77zkk0b6(v=vs.110).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;environment variable&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Example&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driver = new ChromeDriver(...);&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://dev/app/...&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var env = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(&quot;targetenv&quot;);&#xA;var driver = new ChromeDriver(...);&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(env);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When running the tests, just make sure that you set the environment variable &lt;code&gt;targetenv&lt;/code&gt; to the desired URL. You can easily do this in the command line, as described &lt;a href=&quot;https://superuser.com/questions/79612/setting-and-getting-windows-environment-variables-from-the-command-prompt&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23520" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T07:18:06.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-05T08:00:36.833" Score="2" ViewCount="42041" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package selrcdemo;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By.ById;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.junit.Assert;&#xA;&#xA;public class rcdemo {&#xA;   // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver; // declare webdriver instance&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\Cheitrav\\Desktop\\ISTQB\\chromedriver.exe&quot;); // set driver path&#xA;    driver =new ChromeDriver(); // instantiate new firefox driver&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;); // open google.com&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Selenium&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    //Insert code here to locate and click on Search button&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19527" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-02-05T10:50:56.620" LastActivityDate="2019-07-30T06:34:53.043" Title="How to Click on Search button in Google Search using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25313" CreationDate="2017-02-05T08:16:47.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use a css selector like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[type=submit]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[name=btnK]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;form input[type=submit]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can try to search by name &lt;code&gt;btnK&lt;/code&gt; in case it will never change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T08:16:47.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25313" CreationDate="2017-02-05T08:32:56.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use the below code to click on the search button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Insert code here to locate and click on Search button&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;btnK&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T08:32:56.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25316" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-05T09:49:19.247" Score="27" ViewCount="4313" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I write detailed defect descriptions or bug reports, then my team's Development manager feels satisfied. What are few things a blackbox tester can do to help the Developers become more productive and fix the defects easily?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I observed that made my Development team concerned was when I reported important bugs just a week before the Production release and after the code had been freezed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when I did retesting of a bug fix in the new build and failed it and after the 2nd time the bug was fixed by developers, I again found a symptom of the same bug, which I missed and should have found earlier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have noticed that the Dev team doesn't appreciate these things as They always defer the late found bugs to the next release, am I being ineffective over here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, what exactly do good and experienced developers really expect from  the QA team? How can we Testers create more value for developers working in the same project team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorDisplayName="user15122" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T17:02:42.947" LastActivityDate="2021-04-26T05:42:58.960" Title="What should a Software Tester do to become more valuable and helpful for the Development Team?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25313" CreationDate="2017-02-05T11:19:11.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Right Answer is&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Selenium&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;_fZl&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19527" LastEditorUserId="28469" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T09:43:05.647" LastActivityDate="2018-06-27T09:43:05.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25316" CreationDate="2017-02-05T11:38:30.820" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very admirable for you to consider a tester's role from this perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The hard cold fact:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No one is happy when there is a bug found in their code. Imagine yourself as a developer, you have done coding, you have done unit testing and you feel pretty good when you check in your code. How would you feel when someone shows up shortly before code release and tells you your work is not good enough. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is a common reaction for a developer to be defensive; a defensive mentality has two manifestations: &lt;strong&gt;1, it is not a bug;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;2, a tester could have told me earlier.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How does a tester handle this kind of situation?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned that you discovered bugs shortly before code release and / or code freeze, your development became very concerned. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is inevitable; you do not have complete control over when you discover a bug. Before code is frozen or marked ready for release, are you consulted? Testers should be consulted before code is frozen or marked ready for release. If you are not consulted, you should make a recommendation to change it. And yes, in some culture or some companies, it is not possible to change it. (There is a chance that your release management is not well organized, but without further details, it is merely my speculation.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned that your development team does not appreciate your effectiveness as a tester when you found a new symptom of the same bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It could have been a different bug or the same bug that had been partially fixed. If it was a new bug, then it was your credit to find it, you did your job. If it was as the developers claimed, the same bug that was only partially discovered and hence partially fixed, it does not mean you have not done a good job. &lt;strong&gt;Remember it is not possible to discover all the bugs.&lt;/strong&gt; Everyone misses something. The solution is to improve how you communicate with developers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One effective way to point out there is a bug in their code is to sandwich this bad news within two pieces of good news. For example, when a bug is discovered; go to your developers right away, start this conversation by saying: I like your code, it does its job beautifully. When your developers are not in defensive mode, bring out the bug; then make a compliment to finish off this conversation. Gradualy over time, developers will not consider you as their mortal enemy but a helper. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is one question I want to clarify:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;When i write detailed defect description or bug reports, then my team's Development manager feels satisfied....,&lt;/em&gt; who are you sending your bug reports to directly? The developer who owns this piece of code or your manager? I have seen managers who cause unnecessary delay and misunderstanding between QA and Dev. Ideally, a bug report should be sent to its developer directly, of course, in some companies, managers want to read them first so that they can do prioritization and etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T11:38:30.820" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25316" CreationDate="2017-02-05T12:32:22.283" Score="17" Body="&lt;h3&gt;&lt;em&gt;For testers to become more valuable and helpful for the development team...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Focus on helping developers earlier in the process&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Focus on adding value much earlier in the process.  Focus on working with developers before and as the code is being written, not after it has been deployed in a testing/staging environment.  This will help change your role from a critic to a helper.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Practical ways to achieve this change:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attend sprint planning meetings and give inputs on quality issues in the meetings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintain a variety of browsers and mobile devices that are used by the target audience so that they can be used by QE or developers as needed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attend stand-up and listen for tickets that you feel would benefit from QA / testing and then seek out the developer who has the ticket and ask to pair with them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that you have management support for working earlier in the process with developers.  Typically this means that you report to and are supported by the director of development, NOT just the lead programmer, architect or programming team leader.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Evangelize Quality Assurance / Quality Engineering with Lunch and Learns, Demo's and Presentations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look to provide input &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; the formal code Pull Request is release, not afterwards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continue to develop your practical technical skills.  You will get more respect from developers if you have the ability to:&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;search and parse server logs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;perform SQL queries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;browse through and understand source code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continue to develop your technical knowledge in&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;programming principles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;quality engineering principles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;user experience, usability and accessibility&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;design principles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a former developer and the above reflects my experience.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Hearing from QA once I finally have the code finished is quite annoying.  Having them work through a test plan or break out a mobile device or IE browser on the spot to check out development still in progress was helpful and more welcomed by me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T16:44:45.790" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25316" CreationDate="2017-02-05T13:07:28.830" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Feels you are testing too late in the process. Focus on preventing defects and testing in parallel with coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like how the Testing Manifesto puts it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://www.growingagile.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/TestingManifesto.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you achieve this is too broad to answer here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Waterfall or not you can still apply most of the idea's. Lets take preventing bugs. Instead of playing ping-pong with your developers you could ask them how they think this can be resolved? You better testing is not the issue since they could break something else with their changes. Meaning you would keep coming back, this is the issue, you keep finding issues in code they created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I firmly believe part of being a good software developer is being a&#xA;good tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-- &lt;a href=&quot;https://simpleprogrammer.com/2015/02/16/joel-test-programmers-simple-programmer-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;John Sonmez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers are making the defects not the testers. I think you should teach the developers to be better testers, so you can focus on the big picture and not the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2021-03-10T17:12:49.817" LastActivityDate="2021-03-10T17:12:49.817" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25316" CreationDate="2017-02-05T17:44:13.557" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, first, I think you have a management problem.  It sounds to some degree like there's an &quot;us against them&quot; philosophy, where test is seen as an obstacle to release, not an integral part of the Development process.  A good developer, in my experience, is fully aware that they're human, and will make mistakes.  They understand that test is there to protect the end user, and both the developer and the tester are equally important to the overall effort.  Things to look at include questions like is there a path for advancement for testers in your organization?  Or is test seen as a way to get into development?  If there isn't a path for testers to become senior testers, and have as much influence on the development process as a lead developer, that's probably a problem.  If developers become defensive when you report defects, that's a problem.  And it's not necessarily something you can solve without help from management.  For example, if the developers are evaluated on how many defects are found in their code, then that's a recipe for a contentious relationship.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, since you're a black-box tester, you have an opportunity to understand the system as a whole better than any developer does.  As a general statement, developers understand their area of expertise quite well, but they don't understand how their piece works with everything else, or with the surrounding infrastructure.  This is often true of architects as well.  You have an opportunity to become an expert in this, and a real advocate for the end user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third, just like developers aren't perfect, neither are testers.  That's why you shouldn't be just testing code.  Your job, along with everyone else's, should be improving the process to make defects less likely to end up in the code, and more likely to be found when they do.  Sometimes, this means writing code so that it's easy to test.  What process you're using, waterfall vs. agile, doesn't matter.  What does matter is that you look for places the process can be improved, and defect discovery can be done as early as possible.  To take your example of bug rediscovery, why didn't the developers have unit testcases that could detect the bug, after you'd reported it the first time?  Or if you found a symptom of a bigger problem, why didn't they realize the problem was bigger than it was?  You're not the only person responsible for software quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, finally, it's far better to find and report a bug, even if it's late in the cycle, than to not find the bug.  Would you/they prefer it be found in the field?  Note that this doesn't mean that it isn't sometimes/often appropriate to defer fixing a bug to the next release, but that decision should only be made after the impact of the defect is understood, along with the likelihood of hitting it.  If it is a serious bug, then you should figure out why it wasn't found earlier.  Was it because there were bunches of other bugs that were blocking finding this one?  Was the bug introduced as a fix for another problem?  Maybe having more people testing would surface bugs earlier.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-02-05T17:44:13.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24750" CreationDate="2017-02-05T22:25:48.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;CTRL&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;SHIFT&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;I&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that doesnt work read, &lt;a href=&quot;https://discuss.atom.io/t/how-to-make-developer-tools-appear/16232&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;How to make developer tools appear&quot;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2019-01-03T11:32:19.090" LastActivityDate="2019-01-03T11:32:19.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25301" CreationDate="2017-02-06T05:36:16.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It isn't something you can actually &lt;strong&gt;record&lt;/strong&gt;, if your application uses Google credentials for authentication, most probably you need to implement &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/OpenIDConnect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OAuth&lt;/a&gt; flow in your Gatling test i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/OpenIDConnect#getcredentials&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OAuth credentials&lt;/a&gt; as a part of your request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract dynamic response parts like redirect URL or using Checks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you get Access Token add the relevant &lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/docs/2.2.3/http/http_request.html#headers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Header&lt;/a&gt; to your request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the following references:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://andreypanasyuk.wordpress.com/2015/12/11/oauth-in-gatling/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OAuth in Gatling&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/gatling/gatling/issues/1976&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP: support Google OAuth2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-run-performance-tests-oauth-secured-apps-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Run Performance Tests on OAuth Secured Apps with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; (this one is about JMeter but you should be able to apply the same solutions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T05:36:16.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8908" CreationDate="2017-02-06T09:18:25.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if Push Message is received when Device is locked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check that the notification received even if the app is not running.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check that the notification received if the app was open or using another app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the notification received in multiple time zones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the notification is clickable and it launches the application by clicking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the push notification sound, vibration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat the notification multiple times and check the push notification displayed in notification bar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In foreground, When notification comes in foreground, then the notification will display directly on the app.&#xA;10.In background: When notification comes &amp;amp; device is locked, if user open the device with sliding the notification then the application should get launched.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Notification should get removed from notification bar once the notification is opened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the notification when the application is not logged in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check with multiple device languages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check whether the notification received when the application comes online.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23925" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T09:18:25.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6742" CreationDate="2017-02-06T10:01:38.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First learn about all the types of testing and what are they. first start your testing manually and then learn about automation testing.for automation testing coding knowledge is must.At least have a basic coding knowledge in all the languages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23927" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T10:52:59.363" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T10:52:59.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25311" CreationDate="2017-02-06T10:11:21.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its working cool!! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By tapOnRecIcon = By.id(&quot;btnRecord&quot;);    &#xA;int timeInMs = 4000;&#xA;TouchAction touchAction = new TouchAction((MobileDriver) driver);&#xA;&#xA;touchAction.longPress(driver.findElement(pressRecBtn),timeInMs).release().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23898" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T10:11:21.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2113" CreationDate="2017-02-06T10:13:19.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good programmer can be a great tester! The main thing is not to test your own projects. A &quot;foreign&quot; projects to test interesting, especially if you imagine the structure of the program and know where there may be weaknesses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So you need to focus on your programming skills to show a hiring manager you can be really amazing tester because you know how it works.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each company wants a tester who knows OOP and has basic programming knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I communicated with a lot of programmers/team leads/PMs/product owners and all of them said they saw a tester only with programming knowledge or &quot;manual and automation tester must be in one person&quot;. &#xA;Make your experience to work on you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Along with it, focus on your testing skills and tools/technologies. Also you can learn the way with automation testing and provide some automation tools.&#xA;For instance, &#xA;API: SoapUI, JMetter,Fiddler, Postman, Fiddler&#xA;WEb:Selenium (Webdriver),  Watir, Zombie.js, PhantomJS.&#xA;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The main thing for a tester is knowledge of documentation creation. You should have practical experience in testing documentation creation such as test cases (TestLink, TestRail, Zephyr for Jira), test plans, check-lists and, of course, bug reports.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To be familiar with some bug trackers. Like Jira, BugZilla, Mantis etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;But the main idea to write your tester resume the most common to vacancy's requirements. &#xA;In this case, you should change your resume (especially, technical skills) to specific vacancy. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a lot of things  to tell you about, but I have recently written the article about testers resume writing and it works!)&#xA;I want to share with you this &lt;a href=&quot;http://testersresume.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;, maybe it would be useful for you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23928" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T10:13:19.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2113" CreationDate="2017-02-06T11:24:15.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;instead of answering your question, I will tell you my experience with switching from developer to tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a developer who just started a new job in testing field, honestly I would say that developer tasks was much more enjoyable to me, so I decided to be a tester who codes.I do my testing tasks and spend every extra minute developing tools that are boosting our work (Reporting tools, Testing tools, automating tests, etc...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my advice is that you will be a huge asset for any testing team, start as developer of testing tools, gain experience from your team, and after a while you will be able to make a better decision regarding your career.&#xA;And you will be able to abandon development completely if you are sure about your options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T11:24:15.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-06T11:36:31.187" Score="2" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a developer who just started a new career in QA, right now I am still learning the basics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While testing a project I see violations of some coding standards (Variable names, Web elements without names or ids, etc..) in parts of the code that will be seen by the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, is it my job to report them? after all reporting, such things will increase the product quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I should report them, what are the best practices for that from your experience? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas will be much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-06T12:23:28.057" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T10:43:31.463" Title="Advanced Testing Practices" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25336" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-06T12:16:13.510" Score="2" ViewCount="730" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium or Protractor?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In what circumstances is Protractor a better tool for testing a web application than Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often see interview questions about Selenium, but Protractor seems to me to be easier to use to automate web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there types of web applications that work better with Protractor than Selenium? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T12:32:34.173" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T12:32:34.173" Title="Selenium vs Protractor - how to choose" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-02-07T03:54:00.357" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25335" CreationDate="2017-02-06T12:45:04.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adhering to right standards in software development enables you to deliver the right product in the right way at the right time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So always report the wrongs. The early they are reported the cheaper it is to fix them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T12:45:04.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25338" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25392" CreationDate="2017-02-06T12:47:00.237" Score="0" ViewCount="1792" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to swipe right to left from the first content(there is no content at left hand side) or Left to Right So far I'm using below, but it's not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void swipeRightToLeft() {&#xA;        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;        HashMap&amp;lt;String, Double&amp;gt; swipeObject = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, Double&amp;gt;();&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;startX&quot;, 0.9);&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;startY&quot;, 0.5);&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;endX&quot;, 0.01);&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;endY&quot;, 0.5);&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;duration&quot;, 3.0);&#xA;        js.executeScript(&quot;mobile: swipe&quot;, swipeObject);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void swipeLeftToRight() {&#xA;        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;        HashMap&amp;lt;String, Double&amp;gt; swipeObject = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, Double&amp;gt;();&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;startX&quot;, 0.01);&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;startY&quot;, 0.5);&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;endX&quot;, 0.9);&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;endY&quot;, 0.6);&#xA;        swipeObject.put(&quot;duration&quot;, 3.0);&#xA;        js.executeScript(&quot;mobile: swipe&quot;, swipeObject);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error log: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Not yet implemented. Please help us: &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/get-involved.html1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://appium.io/get-involved.html1&lt;/a&gt; (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using appium java-client 4.1.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23898" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T04:44:44.250" Title="Left or Right swipe not working in appium for android application" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25335" CreationDate="2017-02-06T12:50:24.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would and did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose it is not part of your job definition, as the average tester doesn't have enough knowledge to spot code quality issues. But why not ? if it doesn't waste significant part of your time (and be careful not to go there) then everyone will gain from that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T12:50:24.767" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25316" CreationDate="2017-02-06T13:03:31.290" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the perspective of a developer,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a freelance developer, and as such I work with many different QA setups. From one guy testing everything to full teams of people checking down other teams of people's work. I am usually either the only developer or in a &quot;management&quot; type position (Dev manager, Lead Dev etc.)  I only mention that as it's important to know &quot;what side of the isle&quot; I'm on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, and most important QA plays a vital role. I can write awesome code. But I can only write code to my understanding of the problem that I am trying to solve. If QA does nothing more then provide a different mind set, their value is already astronomical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some things you can do as a QA &quot;person&quot; that will really help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand that you are not a road block to release, but a step along the path.&lt;/strong&gt; Too many times I have seen QA &quot;people&quot; get drunk with power, and &quot;block&quot; a release because of a bug or issue. Some times that happens, but more often then not it's about identifying issues then blocking a release. Specially on short release cycles, a list of &quot;Known issues&quot; is often better then no new features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remember that you are a support role.&lt;/strong&gt; The program is better for having you, no doubt about that, but your there to help the program become better. A lot of times QA people get the feeling that they are the keepers of the keys to the kingdom.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's not a damn score board&lt;/strong&gt;  I see this one a lot. QA people feel like they're doing their job better if they find more issues. This leads them to start finding all kinds of non-sense. I have received bug reports that say that a &quot;address import&quot; doesn't work because the user couldn't upload a JPG. I have also seen QA people submit a tiny little bug for every missed comma in text.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Learn to use the issue tracker&lt;/strong&gt; Hopefully the dev team your working with is using some kind of issue tracking system. Often times I see QA people not search the system and list the same issue several times, or put the issue in the obvious wrong place (like a web site issue in the desktop  app category). Using the issue tracker correctly will help a lot. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Report problems early&lt;/strong&gt; Lets take a fake example. Monday and Tuesday I write new code, Wednesday and Thursday are devoted to clean up and maintenance. Friday is release to production. Don't wait till Thursday evening to dump 600 issues into the issue tracker (or even 1) it's too late. Instead, as I am writing code on Monday, you should be testing it. Your Thursday tasks should be going (in a perfect world) &quot;yep that fixed it&quot;. If you do find issues on Thursday, you of course need to bring them up, but the goal is to be solving issues not finding new ones. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When reporting issues, be verbose&lt;/strong&gt; No developer that I know will ever get angry about having too much information. Tell us the problem, what you did to get there, what version, what branch, the error message, include screen shots, include stack traces if you have them, and what the expected output is. At the very least you should be able to say &quot;When I do X, Y should happen, but instead Z happened.&quot; Too many times I have seen QA people go &quot;It doesn't work&quot; or &quot;I got an error&quot;. But that is not enough for me to do anything with. Errors are supposed to be there. So was it a good error or a bad error. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Know the program and the path&lt;/strong&gt; A great many times, QA People will submit a &quot;bug&quot; because a feature changed, when the entire point of the release was to change the feature. For example if we say we want to limit uploads to 2 megs. Then QA needs to be aware of this change, and not submit a bug when their 5 Meg file fails to upload with a proper error. You also need to be aware of secondary changes. I will see a ton of reports like &quot;phone numbers are causing validation errors&quot; after a new feature of &quot;support international phone numbers&quot;. Try to understand, the cause and effect of the changes being done to the application. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ASK QUESTIONS&lt;/strong&gt; at an appropriate time of course. One of the worst things you can do is walk up to the Dev people and go &quot;is it supposed to do this?&quot;. One of the best things you can do is send an email, or a chat asking the exact same question. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Support your dev team&lt;/strong&gt; Many times, QA people say things that make them the enemy of dev. They don't really mean to, but they do it all the same. &quot;I'm waiting on dev to fix the issue with the address upload.&quot; That's bad. &quot;We are still addressing the issue with the address upload.&quot; That's good. As soon as you say something that makes the problem &quot;dev's fault&quot; it's a natural reaction to prove that it isn't. If instead you take a team approach, dev won't &quot;have&quot; to &quot;throw you under the bus&quot; to clear their name. It's a matter of leaving a way out. Maybe the address issue is that you tried to upload XLS instead of CSV. It's much better to get a ticket that says &quot;XLS format not supported, try importing a CSV&quot; then to have the response to an email chain be &quot;QA is not testing the feature properly. The feature is CSV import, they are testing with an XLS. These are not the same thing.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Think of your self as part of the bigger team&lt;/strong&gt; A lot of times QA people tend to think of the selves as the Referee. There not. If dev is the offensive line, then QA is the defensive line, they have different goals but there all part of the SAME larger TEAM .&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23931" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T15:08:55.697" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T15:08:55.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25336" CreationDate="2017-02-06T15:34:22.730" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Experienced QA Engineer also knows the answer - can articulate pro and cons of both. Memorizing the answer provided by others would be only valuable for someone who has no experience but wants to fake it in interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T15:34:22.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25335" CreationDate="2017-02-06T15:38:40.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Find out your company standards. Some companies do not have standards, or have code where some standards were not applied correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before reporting, ask what should be reported. Maybe developers want to fix standards. Maybe they had the debate and decided not to care. Maybe there is a cold war between two groups using different standards - and you (as new QA) do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; want to make it hot war.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no replacement for communication and asking the questions before forming opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T15:38:40.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25335" CreationDate="2017-02-06T17:31:25.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Report it, and set the priority appropriately.  If the missing identifiers or classes or what not are causing difficulty, then it's obviously a higher priority than if it's missing but unused.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of QA is to know what's important and what's not, and communicating that out to the broader team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-02-06T17:31:25.483" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25350" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-06T19:24:39.197" Score="0" ViewCount="6376" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm automating tests using UFT 12.52 for an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I captured the objects for a repository and then started to create a sequence of actions on the objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is a frequent problem. Before calling an action on an object it needs to exist, be visible, and in some cases be enabled (e.g. textboxes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To solve this problem I tried testing if the object exists, and is visible (and enabled, if applicable), before the call to any action on the object. If those  are true, then make a action with the object. Testing these properties of the object is done until a timeout has been exceeded. If the timeout is exceeded an exception should be thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I developed the code below, but the result is very unstable behavior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non-recognition of the current object being tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No recognition of the parent object&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UFT starts to test an object of the 2nd line, before executing the&#xA;action on the object of the 1st line ...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a UFT/VBScript solution that solves this problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there problems in my algorithm?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Function test() &#xA;    clickObj SwfWindow(&quot;&amp;lt;parent object name 1 &amp;gt;&quot;).SwfButton(&quot;&amp;lt;child object name 1&amp;gt;&quot;), true  &#xA;    clickObj SwfWindow(&quot;&amp;lt;parent object name 2 &amp;gt;&quot;).SwfButton(&quot;&amp;lt;child object name 2&amp;gt;&quot;), false&#xA;End Function&#xA;&#xA;Function clickObj(obj, isEnabled)   &#xA;    If (prepareObj(obj, isEnabled) = true) Then     &#xA;        obj.Click       &#xA;    Else        &#xA;        Err.Raise 424 'Error 424 = &quot;Object required&quot;        &#xA;    End if  &#xA;End Function&#xA;&#xA;Function prepareObj(obj, isEnabled) &#xA;    If isEnabled = true Then        &#xA;        If ((testObjProperty(obj,&quot;exist&quot;) = true) And (testObjProperty(obj,&quot;visible&quot;) = true) And (testObjProperty(obj,&quot;enabled&quot;) = true)) Then     &#xA;            prepareObj = true   &#xA;        else            &#xA;            prepareObj = false          &#xA;        End If      &#xA;    Else    &#xA;        If ((testObjProperty(obj,&quot;exist&quot;) = true) And (testObjProperty(obj,&quot;visible&quot;) = true)) Then     &#xA;            prepareObj = true                   &#xA;        else            &#xA;            prepareObj = false          &#xA;        End If  &#xA;    End If          &#xA;End Function&#xA;&#xA;Function testObjProperty(obj, propertyName) &#xA;    Dim startTime : startTime = Timer&#xA;    Dim elapsedTime : elapsedTime = 0&#xA;    Dim propertyOk : propertyOk = false&#xA;    Dim timeout : timeout = 45&#xA;&#xA;    Do      &#xA;        Select Case propertyName            &#xA;            Case &quot;exist&quot;                &#xA;                propertyOk = obj.Exist(1)                           &#xA;            Case &quot;visible&quot;              &#xA;                propertyOk = obj.GetROProperty(&quot;visible&quot;)                           &#xA;            Case &quot;enabled&quot;              &#xA;                propertyOk = obj.GetROProperty(&quot;enabled&quot;)                                       &#xA;        End Select&#xA;&#xA;        If propertyOk = true Then           &#xA;            testObjProperty = true                                  &#xA;            Exit Function&#xA;        Else            &#xA;            elapsedTime = Timer - startTime                         &#xA;        End If              &#xA;    Loop While timeout &amp;gt; elapsedTime&#xA;&#xA;    testObjProperty = false         &#xA;End Function&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21494" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T16:28:58.213" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T16:29:12.923" Title="UFT 12.52 / VBScript - Test object exist, is visible and enabled before take an action" Tags="&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-07T02:40:55.677" Score="0" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any performance tool that has the ability to measure code speed or the time of execution for a particular function? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I want to measure the speed of my Save() function. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now, I'm exploring IBM RPT it shows good results like Server Throughput,  Page Throughput and even live performance measurement but it cannot measure code speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody suggest a tool capable of doing as such? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8685" LastEditorUserId="8685" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T06:02:30.303" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T10:18:54.610" Title="Performance Tool capable of testing code for speed" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;rpt&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25316" CreationDate="2017-02-07T03:30:12.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the answers so far seem to be approaching this problem from the perspective of helping you deal with stubborn/grumpy developers when you find and report a bug.  Lots of people have (correctly!) pointed out that the job QA/testers do is of huge importance to the success of a project and you certainly should not feel bad about raising issues, even if you find them late in a release cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would add a couple more points, from the perspective of a developer.  I've worked with lots of testers, and I can't stress enough how much developers appreciate testers who submit good defect reports.  The sorts of things that to me make a good defect report are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;step-by-step guide to reproducing the problem&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;screenshots showing the defective behaviour, especially for web apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expected behaviour&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;actual behaviour&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;any specific data you used to produce the bad behaviour&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;versions of software / browser / etc. that you were using&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers, like everyone else, ultimately want the product they're building to be wonderful and awesome, and while it can certainly affect the ego when bugs are found, it's obviously to everyone's benefit for bugs to be reported.  That being said, when a defect report is submitted without sufficient data to reproduce the problem, it generates a ton of extra work for everyone involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've certainly uttered my share of muttered curses against those darned testers finding bugs in my code, but when those testers make it as easy as possible for me to fix the problem, all is quickly forgiven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23945" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T03:30:12.383" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25352" CreationDate="2017-02-07T09:05:42.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Either look at Benchmarking or Profiling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Profiling&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IDE's&lt;/a&gt; support &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiling_(computer_programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;profiling&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In software engineering, profiling (&quot;program profiling&quot;, &quot;software&#xA;  profiling&quot;) is a form of dynamic program analysis that measures, for&#xA;  example, the space (memory) or time complexity of a program, the usage&#xA;  of particular instructions, or the frequency and duration of function&#xA;  calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The profiler measures how long each function call costs and gives you a nice report. This would be the way to check what your &lt;code&gt;Save()&lt;/code&gt; function is doing for how long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which profiler to use is programming language depended so you need to do some research or ask a more specific question with programming language details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Profiling more a developer task then a tester task, but performance is a key issue in software quality so understanding these concepts makes sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Benchmark&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In computing, a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benchmark_(computing)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;benchmark&lt;/a&gt; is the act of running a computer program, a&#xA;  set of programs, or other operations, in order to assess the relative&#xA;  performance of an object, normally by running a number of standard&#xA;  tests and trials against it. The term 'benchmark' is also mostly&#xA;  utilized for the purposes of elaborately designed benchmarking&#xA;  programs themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you may use an end-to-end testing tool and record the length of the test-case and record this as a benchmark. In the future you compare test-runs to this benchmark to see if it became slower or faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T09:05:42.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25355" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-07T09:38:39.420" Score="1" ViewCount="7091" Body="&lt;p&gt;My code is as below : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pages;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.junit.Assert;&#xA;&#xA;public class Google{&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String args[]){&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;D:\\Drivers\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;lst-ib&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Concerto&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;_fZl&quot;)).click();&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Welcome to Concerto Software &amp;amp; Systems Pvt Ltd&quot;)).click();&#xA;        String linkname = null; &#xA;        Boolean contains = driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;//*[@id='rso']/div[2]/div/div[3]/div/h3/a&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(contains);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Welcome to concerto Software &amp;amp; Systems Pvt Ltd&quot;)).click();  &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T10:35:08.917" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T10:35:08.917" Title="How Click on link in Google Search Results using Java &amp; Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-07T15:54:46.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25335" CreationDate="2017-02-07T10:43:31.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Question together with the team if elements really need names or id's. Just adding them without a real need seems overhead. Apply &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Yagni.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the &lt;strong&gt;YAGNI&lt;/strong&gt; princible&lt;/a&gt;. Do not create extra work if you do not really need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask the team how they want you to report it, this if you think something might be an issue. Signaling things are missed during code-reviews are good. Coding standard should be part of the code-review, not during the manual testing phase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not create tickets in a bug reporting system for each minor issue, better to discuss face-to-face with the development team. Certainly do not flood your managers with issues like this. Never underestimate &quot;reasons&quot; the team might have for things like this. Unless the team is systematically taking shortcuts that endanger quality, then I would singal management,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T10:43:31.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25359" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-07T11:30:14.037" Score="0" ViewCount="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the task to validate the file extraction from the BI tool to ensure the records are extracting as we expected from the Report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Question is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During file Extraction We using the option as CSV to download the file.While downloading application taking bit time to process records from DB using queries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is any way to check the speed &amp;amp; Performance of the file extraction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to check how much time it taking process to complete the action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know your thoughts and feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T20:29:03.070" Title="File Extraction from BI Tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25394" CreationDate="2017-02-07T12:54:51.123" Score="8" ViewCount="7313" Body="&lt;p&gt;If requirements are likely to change frequently during development. Although a complete change in requirement is possible, most of the time, it is the technical details that are subject to change. e.g. the intent of the requirement or behavior of the feature is the same but implementation details can change.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In this case: as a QA, what can be done if requirements are changing continuously and the company follows Agile model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T05:11:19.387" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T12:13:25.797" Title="What can be done if requirements are changing continuously in Agile?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9496" CreationDate="2017-02-07T13:01:18.217" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried javascript click and it worked for me. hope it works for you all too: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement we = driver....&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;,we)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use this if you are trying to click on any link or button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23957" LastEditorUserId="27720" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T11:42:32.017" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T11:42:32.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-07T13:55:39.330" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience - Faster feedback and more testing (in the form of automated tests ideally).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If behaviour doesn't change but code is refactored often, then behaviour of system should be covered by automated checks. We have unit tests, integration tests and ui tests that are run after every commit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If requirements and behaviour changes often, then testers should be kept in loop, and plan and adjust test efforts all the time (thats why daily meetings are good)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Time spent writing detailed plans, cases and reports from rigid specs, should be instead spent on communication, learning system and automated test development, basically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T13:55:39.330" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-07T14:45:43.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We Agilist acknowledge that changing requirements is a certainty, therefor &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the manifesto&lt;/a&gt; states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design enhances&#xA;  agility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to change your software continuously without breaking other features is a big part of your Agility. If not the biggest part to be able to respond to change. The current most used way is to automate everything and certainly your testing. This means &lt;strong&gt;automate all of your (repetitive) testing&lt;/strong&gt;. All of it? Yes, all of it! This is the only way you can refactor your code and release often with confidence. If any defect do occur, do a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analysis&lt;/a&gt; and cover it with more automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Less framework has some nice pages about the practices, &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here for more details.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Testing&lt;/em&gt; no longer means &lt;em&gt;testing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Confused? We can imagine! The purpose of testing used to be fairly&#xA;  clear–“Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent&#xA;  of finding errors” [Meyers79]. This changes when adopting agile and&#xA;  lean development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team can find other means to responding to change, then automation might not be necessary, but for most teams I have seen starting to late with automation leads to a grinding halt in development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modern Agile is focusing on continuous delivery making test automation even more important than ever before. This only works when your users-stories are always &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/done_done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DoneDone&lt;/a&gt;, this includes test automation as many other things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other reads:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/unittests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/unittests.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtworks.com/continuous-delivery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.thoughtworks.com/continuous-delivery&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T12:13:25.797" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T12:13:25.797" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25359" CreationDate="2017-02-07T15:14:04.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use resource monitor which comes with windows.&#xA;You can monitor ram,HDD read write speed and network usage for a given processor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T15:14:04.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25359" CreationDate="2017-02-07T15:19:09.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can simulate simultaneous file downloads by multiple users using JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to store downloaded files for later analysis you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Save_Responses_to_a_file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Save Responses to a file&lt;/a&gt; listener &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-performance-test-upload-and-download-scenarios-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Testing: Upload and Download Scenarios with Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on how to properly configure JMeter to mimic file upload and download operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T15:19:09.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25366" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25368" CreationDate="2017-02-07T17:10:01.120" Score="1" ViewCount="2315" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot instantiate the follow class using TestNG and IE Webdriver. Can someone identify what is wrong with my source code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NewQATEstClassTest {&#xA;    //For use of IE only; Please enable for IE Browser&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        @BeforeMethod&#xA;          public void beforeMethod() {&#xA;            //Using or Launching Internet Explorer&#xA;            String exePath = &quot;\\Users\\jj85274\\Desktop\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;;&#xA;            //For use of IE only; Please enable for IE Browser&#xA;            System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, exePath);&#xA;          }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23964" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-02-07T18:35:21.387" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T18:35:21.387" Title="I cannot instantiate class using TestNG and IE Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25367" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-07T17:19:26.013" Score="-1" ViewCount="20833" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm getting the below error when i try to perform sample search on google&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1486404621556 geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:20799&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feb 06, 2017 11:10:22 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake&#xA;  createSession&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true&#xA;  on the remote end&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1486404622116 geckodriver::marionette INFO    Starting browser C:\Program&#xA;  Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1486404622117 geckodriver::marionette INFO    Connecting to Marionette on&#xA;  localhost:54870&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1486404623314 Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 54870&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Feb 06, 2017 11:10:24 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake&#xA;  createSession&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;**INFO: Detected dialect: W3C&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException     at&#xA;  java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)  at&#xA;  TestGoogleSearch.main(TestGoogleSearch.java:24)**&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The commands executed are below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import    org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import     org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import     org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import     org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import     org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestGoogleSearch {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;    // declaration and instantiation of objects/variables&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\javeed\\Automation\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;    String baseUrl = &quot;https://www.google.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    String actualTitle = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    // launch Firefox and direct it to the Base URL&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;&#xA;    // get the actual value of the title&#xA;   actualTitle = driver.getTitle();&#xA;&#xA;    driver.wait(5000);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement wb=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    wb.sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;     //close Firefox&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;    // exit the program explicitly&#xA;    System.exit(0);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon it launches the google website and before it types anything in search, I get the above error as mentioned above&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Installed Jars/Software :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     1. jdk-8u111-windows-x64&#xA;&#xA;     2. selenium-server-standalone-3.0.1&#xA;&#xA;     3. geckodriver&#xA;&#xA;     4. Version: Kepler Service Release 1&#xA;&#xA;    5. Build id: 20130919-0819&#xA;&#xA;    6. Firefox Version : 51.0.1(32 bit)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23965" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T06:45:29.677" LastActivityDate="2020-05-08T08:10:19.427" Title="Selenium Webdriver - GeckoDriver - INFO: Detected dialect: W3C Error" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25366" CreationDate="2017-02-07T17:25:48.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you need to instantiate the driver after setting the path to IEDriverServer.  Try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NewQATEstClassTest {&#xA;//For use of IE only; Please enable for IE Browser&#xA;WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;      public void beforeMethod() {&#xA;        //Using or Launching Internet Explorer&#xA;        String exePath = &quot;\\Users\\jj85274\\Desktop\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;;&#xA;        //For use of IE only; Please enable for IE Browser&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, exePath);&#xA;        driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;      }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20823" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T17:25:48.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-07T18:44:56.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Requirements should not be changing often during a sprint (assuming you are asking about scrum) so a changing requirement should not have much impact. The main difficulty is having a source of truth as to the most recent requirement so you do not have to sift through many tickets to figure out what the current behavior should be for a given feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the UI is undergoing a lot of change I wouldn't put much effort into automating those tests. Selectors do not work very well when they change or are removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T18:44:56.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-07T19:59:42.133" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you say that 'it is the technical details that are subject to change' then you might be testing at an implementation level. If your tests fail because the implementation changes, but not the requirements; then for sure you are testing the implementation. Test driven development (TDD) articles and training go to quite some length to discuss this issue and how to avoid it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you have to be able to adapt to changing requirements. One way to avoid 'developing insight' during a sprint may be the application of behavior driven development (BDD). In that case you apply techniques to develop the requirements and spread the understanding of the requirements through the team at the beginning of the sprint. To some extent this reduces changes during the sprint because the team as a whole understands the requirements better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, that behavior and requirements change from sprint to sprint can be expected. Be prepared to throw away your tests at any time and start over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6130" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T19:59:42.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25371" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-07T20:20:31.510" Score="1" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently trying to edit a jmeter test (for eCommerce) so i would have 10% of X number of users have a specific number of 5 products in the cart ( nothing more, nothing less). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If using a While Controller, how and what should i add? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created a CSV file with around 20 items so it can loop through the items i have selected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that currently the cart counting starts from 1 and stops at 5, and the checkout is not made. Before adding the While Controller, the checkout was correctly made. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where and what should i change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have compared 2 tests : on the first one, the checkout is correctly made. Items are randomly added, starting with one, finishing with a random number. The checkout is made using an If controller and a throughput controller. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the second test, having the same set up for the checkout, i have added a condition ${cartitems} == 5 before the checkout( the var is declared before). The items are still randomly added, starting with 1.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23078" LastEditorUserId="23078" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T20:29:01.813" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T20:29:01.813" Title="How can I have a specific number of items on checkout in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-07T21:06:42.227" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If requirements are likely to change frequently during development...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a given and is how Agile works.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It requires a different mindset for QA/QE folks who should focus on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing during development instead of after a feature is complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pairing with Developers on test plans before development start&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Automation for the parts that are stable and not changing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be prepared to do manual testing at the drop of a hat when requested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be an expert in testing different Browser, Devices and Emulators&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that you promote a testing mindset for developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-07T21:06:42.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-08T04:55:50.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agile is all about cross functional teams. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester and experienced working on Agile, We had daily scrum meetings to discuss our targets to be met for the respective sprint. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The targets as a whole impacted minor targets in test strategy and items to be tested immediately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Automation was used for repetitive test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T04:55:50.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-08T05:21:29.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a Tester when requirements changes continuously Every team member should be ready to handle the changes in the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The team should work closely with the Product Owner to understand the scope of requirement change and to negotiate to keep the requirement changes to a minimum or to adopt those changes in next sprint. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on the requirement changes Test Team could update the Test Plan and Test Cases to achieve the deadlines. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The team should understand the risk in requirement change and prepare a contingency plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18186" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T05:21:29.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-08T05:29:19.847" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When requirement keeps changing, continuously following points will help for an agile tester:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write generic test plans and test cases, which focuses on the intent of the requirement rather than its exact details.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To understand the scope of change, work closely with the product owners or business analyst.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure team understand the risks involved in changing requirements especially at the end of the sprint.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Until the feature is stable, and the requirements are finalized, it is best to wait if you are going to automate the feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changes can be kept to a minimum by negotiating or implement the changes in the next sprint.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a best practice not to go for the automation process until requirements are finalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T10:12:34.550" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T10:12:34.550" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25377" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-08T06:27:18.820" Score="1" ViewCount="408" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a newbie in security testing. For some projects, my Project Manager asks me to do a security check. For basic security, I do check whether sensitive data is stored in cookies and whether all the information stored in them is encrypted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current site implements SSO. When I check the post request it sends the parameters:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RequestVerificationToken&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile No&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;X-Requested-With&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The weird thing is that if I use different value of &lt;code&gt;RequestVerificationToken&lt;/code&gt; and do the post request manually via &lt;code&gt;postman&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;jmeter&lt;/code&gt;, it allows me to do the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the use of this token here?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I be sure that my site authentication is secure?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are other things I can test in cookies and get and post request?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T16:33:53.543" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T16:58:44.260" Title="How simple authentication and Token based authentication differs?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25377" CreationDate="2017-02-08T06:35:53.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is not a good sign. Try using the request from another machine, send any token, or try without any token. If it works, then you have an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be sure that the request receiver is configured to require authentication (sometimes the user is given the ability to turn the authentication off).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, usually there are user roles, and every role has a specific token to use, so try using the token for one role to do another role's operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also want to test without using Postman (maybe using code) because postman is not 100% reliable, there are things that you can not do using postman and can do using code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T16:58:44.260" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T16:58:44.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="476" CreationDate="2017-02-08T08:29:04.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software testing has a lot of tools/technologies which tester should know.The most of them are really useful. But the key idea to be most appropriate to company's technical requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, you open a vacancy of &quot;A&quot; company and see something like that: &quot;to have experience in continuous integration (TeamCity, Bamboo, Hudson)&quot;, &quot;Mmmm, what is it? Oh, okay, I should learn about it((&quot;,-you are telling yourself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is it going? Yes, a lot of tools require licenses, but there's YouTube with video-views, there are a lot of tutorials to any frameworks - I recommend to read technical documentation on needed tools because it is so necessary for tester to can understand technical documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want provide a set of common tools for tester which will be really useful in your tester's work: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Bug trackers: Jira, Redmine, Gitlab, Phabricator.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Test Case Managers: Zephyr, TestTrail, TestLink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-API testing tools: SoapUi, Fiddler,  Postman, jMeter, Runscope, Advanced REST Client.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Debugger: Firebug Test automation tools: Selenium, Watir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-And books: Software Testing: A Comprehensive Approach - Bill Laboon, Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams - Lisa Crispin, Janet Gregory,  A Practitioner’s Guide to Software Test Design - Lee Copeland&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I was looking for a job as a software tester I met the one real problem - my resume. I considered I  provided all of skills that completely match with hiring managers needs but I didn't get feedback until I rewrote my resume. &#xA;It is easy to tell (and actually do): write a readable, informative, catch-eyeing, good formatting resume but I had to read a lot of literature to realize how many problems I had with my resume. I tried to combine my knowledge in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://testersresume.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;one place&lt;/a&gt; and now I want to share it with you. &#xA;I pretty sure if you use this advice you can get a software tester position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23928" LastEditorUserId="23928" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T08:37:20.293" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T08:37:20.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-08T13:44:18.137" Score="3" ViewCount="2145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium Webdriver in Visual Studio 2015, with C#. The browser is IE (not because I want to, but becaue I have to). I'm organizing the tests in a Unit Test project, which calls Selenium in a Class Library project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of now, I'm having problems just opening the page I'm trying to test. The page opens, but the Selenium test keeps running until it times out in 2-3 minutes. It times out with this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test failed - ...&#xA;&#xA;Message: Test method Open_Page threw exception:&#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.WebdriverException: The HTTP request to the remote &#xA;WebDriver server for URL http://localhost:20819/session/f6455....&#xA;/timeouts &#xA;timed out after 60 seconds. ---&amp;gt;&#xA;System.Net.WebException: The request was aborted: The operation has timed&#xA;out.&#xA;TestCleanup method ... threw exception.&#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException:&#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException: Unexpected error. Error 404: Not &#xA;Found&#xA;Not Found.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my code (I believe the relevant parts, at least). I've simplified it and put the interesting Selenium code in unit test class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestClass]&#xA;    public class OpenTests {&#xA;&#xA;   ...&#xA;   ...&#xA;   ...&#xA;   public void Open_Opus_1 () {&#xA;        //StartPage.GoTo();&#xA;&#xA;        IEDriver.Instance.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://REMOVED/&quot;);       &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;   [TestCleanup] &#xA;    public void Cleanup() {&#xA;        IEDriver.Close();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The IEDriver class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class IEDriver {&#xA;&#xA;    public static IWebDriver Instance { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void Initialize() {&#xA;        Instance = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public static void Close() {&#xA;        Instance.Close();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what more information is relevant. What happening is that with this page, which is a very complicated page with lots of service polling and status displays of servers, services etc. etc., the page opens fine, but the test just keeps running until it times out with the above error(s).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I replace the URL with (ex.) www.google.com, it works fine; the browser closes as the test passes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the problem is obviously this specific page. And since it just keeps running and timing out, I'm unable to do anything more. So I'm wondering if it's possible to force Selenium NOT to keep trying for whatever it tries or waits for, and say &quot;the page is loaded now...moving on...&quot;? Or something like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23988" LastActivityDate="2019-03-02T08:00:20.080" Title="Selenium Webdriver and IE, in VS/C#: Opening page times out and test fails" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ie11&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11777" CreationDate="2017-02-08T16:02:34.313" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this is an old thread, but I found it looking to resolve the same problem. The use of JQuery in Postman as suggested in one of the answers is no longer viable, it's been deprecated. But here's what I came to in the end, using Postman's current version (v4.3.9 at the time of writing this).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Postman's &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/docs/pre_request_scripts&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;pre-request scripts&lt;/a&gt; give you access to the request body and allow you to set environmental variables that can then be used to set your request's header values. The script also gives you access to a few &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/docs/sandbox&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;popular libraries&lt;/a&gt; including CryptoJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, inside the &lt;strong&gt;Pre-request Script&lt;/strong&gt; editor, paste&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;postman.setGlobalVariable(&quot;hmac&quot;, CryptoJS.HmacSHA256(request.data, &amp;lt;secret&amp;gt;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, in the &lt;strong&gt;Headers&lt;/strong&gt; editor set a HMAC header with the value of the global &lt;code&gt;hmac&lt;/code&gt; variable, e.g: &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tqJtP.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tqJtP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T16:02:34.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25371" CreationDate="2017-02-08T16:43:58.053" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No one will be able to help unless you share more details, few hints:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inspect &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file, in case of While Controller malfunction (i.e. bad condition) JMeter should write something there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener and compare request and response details for 2 scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Without While Controller&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With While Controller&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-debug-your-apache-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Debug your Apache JMeter Script&lt;/a&gt; article for some hints on JMeter tests troubleshooting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T16:43:58.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-08T17:06:17.870" Score="2" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;if I have 1000 user which will login in 10 sec but load testing fails means 1000 users are not login in 10 sec then how we define how many numbers of user are login(count) means is there in Jmeter is any report or graph which shows the proper report like 600 users are login 400 are unable to login or anything like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22666" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T17:48:27.690" Title="How to define that how many users are login at given time in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25386" CreationDate="2017-02-08T17:48:27.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, it is something you can figure out from &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Aggregate_Report&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aggregate Report&lt;/a&gt;, you have &lt;code&gt;Error %&lt;/code&gt; there&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Eis6S.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Eis6S.png&quot; alt=&quot;Aggregate Report Failures&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I would recommend increasing your load &lt;strong&gt;gradually&lt;/strong&gt;, this way you will be able to tell for sure how many concurrent users your application can support without errors. Increase ramp-up period or use one of custom &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/Start/#Thread-Groups&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Groups&lt;/a&gt; available via JMeter Plugins project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to monitoring, you can either generate an &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML Reporting Dashboard&lt;/a&gt; which provides i.e. &lt;code&gt;Active Threads Over Time&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Response codes per second&lt;/code&gt; graphs or use the JMeter Plugins equivalents:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ActiveThreadsOverTime/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Active Threads Over Time&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ResponseCodesPerSecond/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Codes per Second&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aforementioned (and other) plugins can be installed using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T17:48:27.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24563" CreationDate="2017-02-08T18:03:14.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe this will help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_ENSURE_CLEAN_SESSION, true);&#xA;InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23996" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T18:03:14.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25367" CreationDate="2017-02-08T20:05:47.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The exception is an &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalMonitorStateException.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IllegalMonitorStateException&lt;/a&gt; which is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Thrown to indicate that a thread has attempted to wait on an object's monitor or to notify other threads waiting on an object's monitor without owning the specified monitor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was caused by your code &lt;code&gt;driver.wait(5000);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try changing it to &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(5000);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do keep in mind that using Sleep() is not preffered and you should instead wait for a condition. Example from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp#explicit-waits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeleniumHQ&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 10))&#xA;  .until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;myDynamicElement&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T20:05:47.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25390" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25391" CreationDate="2017-02-08T21:11:41.560" Score="2" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working as a contract manual tester; currently, I have managed to get myself into a problem, can you please give me some pieces of advice? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One major client I was contracted to work for has emailed my manager and asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where are my test scripts / test cases?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How did I spend my time as there was so few test cases recorded on Jira?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was working for them, there were two project phases; we pretty much stuck on the first phase. But the client manager asked me to work on the second phase, which I did not as without the first phase, I could not proceed to the second phase. I spend most of my time on fixing problems that belonged to the first phase. That is why there are so few test cases for the second phase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding my missing test scripts, I did email them to a girl working next to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I explain this to my manager?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-02-08T21:13:03.393" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T21:28:47.107" Title="How to explain lacking of testing effort and missing test cases to my manager?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25390" CreationDate="2017-02-08T21:28:47.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most testers run into this kind of problem sooner or later, especially if you are a contractor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my personal experiences, a contractor tester is different from a permanent tester in several ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contractors are less trusted as you move from one client to an other, you have less time to earn your colleagues' trust. In general, people develop trust over time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contractors cost more than a permanent employee for a given period. In New Zealand, a contractor will cost around 800 dollars a day, while permanent employee costs a third of it. Higher cost means more expectation. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your situations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Missing test scripts&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, this should not be a problem, tell your manager to ask the girl you sent your test scripts to. If she is no longer working there, they can dig it up from their email server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;So few test cases on Jira&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, I am assuming the test cases on Jira are about the second phases? As you were still working on the first phase when you were told to work on the second phase (I understand there was little to be done in the second phase). Tell your manager as you have told us, that is the only solution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please remember one thing, communication is the key. If you had communicated with your manager when you realized there was not much to be done for the second phase, you would have avoided getting into this situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-08T21:28:47.107" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25338" CreationDate="2017-02-09T04:44:44.250" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ans found on Appium discussion: &lt;a href=&quot;https://discuss.appium.io/t/left-or-right-swipe-not-working-in-appium-for-android-app/14515/4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://discuss.appium.io/t/left-or-right-swipe-not-working-in-appium-for-android-app/14515/4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void swipeHorizontal(AppiumDriver driver, double startPercentage, double finalPercentage, double anchorPercentage, int duration) throws Exception {&#xA;    Dimension size = driver.manage().window().getSize();&#xA;    int anchor = (int) (size.height * anchorPercentage);&#xA;    int startPoint = (int) (size.width * startPercentage);&#xA;    int endPoint = (int) (size.width * finalPercentage);&#xA;    new TouchAction(driver).press(startPoint, anchor).waitAction(duration).moveTo(endPoint, anchor).release().perform();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call it By: &lt;code&gt;swipeHorizontal(driver,0.9,0.01,0.5,3000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23898" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T04:44:44.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25360" CreationDate="2017-02-09T07:13:13.593" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before answering this question, I would like to explain &lt;strong&gt;Why requirements are changing continuously in any Development Cycles&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;People change their minds for many reasons and do so on a regular basis. This happens because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;They missed a requirement:&lt;/strong&gt; A stakeholder will be working with an&#xA;existing system and realize that it's missing a feature. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;They identified a defect:&lt;/strong&gt; A bug, or more importantly the need to address&#xA;the bug should also be considered a requirement. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;They realize they didn't understand their actual need:&lt;/strong&gt; It's common to show a&#xA;stakeholder your working system to date only to have them realize that what they asked for really isn't what they want after all. This is one reason why active stakeholder participation and short iterations are important to your success. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Politics:&lt;/strong&gt; The political landscape within your organization is likely dynamic (yes, I'm being polite). When the balance of political power shifts amongst your stakeholders, and it always does, so do their priorities. These changing political priorities will often motivate changes to requirements. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The marketplace changes:&lt;/strong&gt; Perhaps a competitor will release a new product which implements features that your product doesn't. Legislation changes. Perhaps new legislation requires new features, or changes to existing features, in your software.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;You don't have to change, survival is not compulsory.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a QA:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;If requirements are changing continuously then  testing should be done prioritizing the features; It should ensure that common flows are all tested as much as possible.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design some flexibility into test cases; this is not easily done; the best bet is to minimize the detail in the test cases or set up only higher-level generic-type test plans.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus less on detailed test plans and test cases and more on ad-hoc testing with an understanding of the added risk this entails.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus initial automated testing on application aspects that are most likely to remain unchanged.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Devote appropriate effort to risk analysis of changes, in order to minimize regression testing needs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17517" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-22T11:36:31.480" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T11:36:31.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25395" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25415" CreationDate="2017-02-09T09:28:46.680" Score="1" ViewCount="3130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium 3.0.1 and java client library 3.0.1. I'm using the following code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class UserActions2 {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    driver.navigate().to(&quot;https://www.google.co.in/&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    String str = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;The current URL is &quot; + str);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And getting the error after FireFox launch&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException&#xA;at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)&#xA;at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:502)&#xA;at Actions.UserActions2.main(UserActions2.java:20)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no clue for this error. I checked online, But there is  No help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22786" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T05:46:11.860" Title="Java + Selenium : Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25396" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-09T09:57:53.697" Score="2" ViewCount="538" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to open every new iteration, new browser windows. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class GoogleTest(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;&#xA;    @classmethod&#xA;    def setUpClass(cls):&#xA;        cls.browser = browser_incognito.chrome_incognito()&#xA;        cls.wait = WebDriverWait(cls.browser, 20)&#xA;        cls.browser.implicitly_wait(30)&#xA;&#xA;    def test_01_goole(self):&#xA;        for i in range(3):&#xA;            browser = self.browser&#xA;            browser.get('http://www.google.com')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this situation I don't see new browser windows. But in this situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class GoogleTest(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;&#xA;    # @classmethod&#xA;    # def setUpClass(cls):&#xA;        # cls.browser = browser_incognito.chrome_incognito()&#xA;        # cls.wait = WebDriverWait(cls.browser, 20)&#xA;        # cls.browser.implicitly_wait(30)&#xA;&#xA;    def test_01_goole(self):&#xA;        for i in range(3):&#xA;            # browser = self.browser&#xA;            browser = browser_incognito.chrome_incognito()&#xA;            browser.get('http://www.google.com')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I receive 3 new browser windows (browser_incognito.chrome_incognito() it's another module that I created). I need browser from setUpClass().&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24009" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T10:12:18.143" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T10:55:21.840" Title="New browser window every new iteration" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25396" CreationDate="2017-02-09T10:11:56.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are using &lt;code&gt;setUpClass()&lt;/code&gt; this is only run once when the testClass is created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you want to use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;setUp()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; instead which is called before each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;setUp(): Method called to prepare the test fixture. This is called&#xA;  immediately before calling the test method; other than AssertionError&#xA;  or SkipTest, any exception raised by this method will be considered an&#xA;  error rather than a test failure. The default implementation does&#xA;  nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read the documentation to understand the difference better: &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/2/library/unittest.html#test-cases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.python.org/2/library/unittest.html#test-cases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For having setting up multiple browsers in your setup functions you could try to create an array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def setUp(cls):&#xA;    cls.browser[1] = browser_incognito.chrome_incognito()&#xA;    cls.browser[2] = browser_incognito.chrome_incognito()&#xA;    cls.browser[3] = browser_incognito.chrome_incognito()&#xA;&#xA;def test(self):&#xA;    for i in range(3):&#xA;        browser = self.browser[i]&#xA;        browser.get('http://www.google.com')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-09T10:55:21.840" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T10:55:21.840" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25398" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-09T10:27:54.470" Score="2" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in wireshark. I am monitoring the wifi traffic on the same network. We have 6 pc's there and one machine was installed on wireshark to  capture wifi traffic. I got my team mates Ip address in the endpoint list.  My machine have installed wiresahrk. whenever they ping to my machine. my machine ip : 192.168.1.214. and others are: 192.168.1.31, 164,188,242. and they ping a request to my m/c I can capture that request.&#xA;And if 192.168.1.188 machine send a http request to a local server to other ip like 164, 31 . I couldn't capture that http request. Its hows only mdns protocol.. here is the screenshot..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why I can't capture the http request ? Why other team mates IP (188--&gt;164.31) was not capture ?  Anyone please help me &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working in ubuntu machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My router type is : &lt;code&gt;Belkin Surf N150 Wireless Modem Router, F9J1001 v1.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;root@naveen-Inspiron-3542:/home/naveen# airmon-ng start wlp6s0&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Found 5 processes that could cause trouble.&#xA;If airodump-ng, aireplay-ng or airtun-ng stops working after&#xA;a short period of time, you may want to kill (some of) them!&#xA;-e &#xA;PID Name&#xA;1114    NetworkManager&#xA;1117    avahi-daemon&#xA;1144    avahi-daemon&#xA;1311    wpa_supplicant&#xA;7662    dhclient&#xA;Process with PID 7662 (dhclient) is running on interface wlp6s0&#xA;Process with PID 8073 (dumpcap) is running on interface wlp6s0&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Interface   Chipset     Driver&#xA;&#xA;wlp6s0      Atheros     ath9k - [phy0]&#xA;                (monitor mode enabled on mon0)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I click on mon0 interface. I got the 802.11 management frames..&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p1Jto.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p1Jto.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my question is I can't capture the http request ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="23426" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T06:19:40.790" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T06:19:40.790" Title="How to read the encrypted payload where the http data would be located" Tags="&lt;http&gt;&lt;protocols&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-13T10:18:52.037" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25399" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-09T11:00:17.410" Score="2" ViewCount="1757" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this activity, I have 5 Text Views with same resource-id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I select the first one with Java client Appium automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to use resource-id and index combination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expect a &lt;strong&gt;non xpath strategy&lt;/strong&gt; if available to select that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ArLIU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ArLIU.png&quot; alt=&quot;UI Automator view&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23782" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T06:27:22.203" Title="Select an element in Appium" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25401" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25403" CreationDate="2017-02-09T14:45:52.753" Score="2" ViewCount="1262" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is about best practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are moving to Selenium and will be using Selenium, Maven, TestNG and GitHub, with a Windows environment. We will have about ten users, with more in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GitHub is for the test case code and test data version control, but what about Selenium/Maven/TestNG itself? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How might we best ensure that all users are using the same version of Java, Selenium, TestNG, etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do we include the Selenium Maven, etc. jar files as well? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;System patching is done with IBM BigFix, and one manager suggested that. Is that viable, for maintaining the Selenium Suite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for sharing your experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24017" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T15:24:42.867" Title="Version Control for Selenium Itself" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;maven&gt;&lt;version-control&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25123" CreationDate="2017-02-09T15:20:40.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitely solvable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem&lt;/strong&gt;: &#xA;redactor editors usually work different way. You can use type or sendKeys IDE commands just for inputbox, which will inject the value of the inputbox. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often text editors have generated id, which differs each time you reload the page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution&lt;/strong&gt;: text editors usually define an element with an unique id, which contains subsequent/child HTML tags as content of the edited text. &#xA;What you can do is to inject the value to this element by javaScript in storeEval.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IDE code example&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;you will have to localise and replace the Xpath of the idOfTextArea stored variable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;store&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Some text&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;inputText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeAttribute&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[contains(@id,'taTextElement')]@id&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;idOfTextArea&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;this.browserbot.getCurrentWindow().document.getElementById(storedVars['idOfTextArea']).innerHTML = storedVars['inputText']; &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;this.browserbot.getCurrentWindow().document.getElementById(storedVars['idOfTextArea']).innerHTML&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;resulttext&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explanation&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By the &lt;code&gt;storeAttribute | //div[contains(@id,'taTextElement')]@id&lt;/code&gt; you get the id of the editor window if it changes each time when you reload the page. If id of editor window is a constant, you can skip this point or replace it by &lt;code&gt;store | some ConstantId&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By the &lt;code&gt;this.browserbot.getCurrentWindow()&lt;/code&gt; you get current HTML document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By the &lt;code&gt;getElementById(storedVars['idOfTextArea'])&lt;/code&gt; you get the object of the editor Window. If the id of editor window element is a constant you can replace it instead &lt;code&gt;storedVars[...]&lt;/code&gt; as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By the &lt;code&gt;.innerHTML&lt;/code&gt; you get or change all HTML content in the editor window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stored variable &lt;code&gt;resulttext&lt;/code&gt; will contain the text if everything is ok, so you can validate the results if something went wrong by comparing both &lt;code&gt;inputtext&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;resulttext&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T15:20:40.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25401" CreationDate="2017-02-09T15:24:42.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is what you use Maven for. Maven manages and downloads your dependencies.&#xA;Suggest you try to always use the latest stable version of Maven and you should be set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/NetbeansMavenSelenium/blob/master/pom.xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pom.xml&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.10&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.45.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So no do not put the depended JAR's in source control, use a dependency manager like Maven. It can even make sure you cannot use different versions of Java with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16723533/how-do-you-specify-the-java-compiler-version-in-a-pom-xml-file&quot;&gt;maven-compiler-plugin&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would version the test-code with the application and not in a separate repository. Other else you will wind up with only tests for the latest version. You could run into trouble when you need to maintain patches for older version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T15:24:42.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24996" CreationDate="2017-02-09T15:39:27.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Question is a bit unclear, but I'm checking dropdown lists by xpath expressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if this is classic dropdown:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;volvo&quot;&amp;gt;Volvo&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;saab&quot;&amp;gt;Saab&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;mercedes&quot;&amp;gt;Mercedes&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;option value=&quot;audi&quot;&amp;gt;Audi&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can store presence of the option value or text into the variable (function &lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; is replaced by &quot;&lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt;&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeElementPresent | //select[@id='idOfTheSelectBox']/option[@value='mazda'] | isMazdaValuePresent&#xA;storeElementPresent | //select[@id='idOfTheSelectBox']/option[contains(.,'Mazda')] | isMazdaTextPresent&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;result of stored variables isMazdaValuePresent and isMazdaTextPresent will be true or false. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is not a simple selectbox (as usual) this could be little more complicated and I use &lt;code&gt;descendant&lt;/code&gt; Xpath expressions for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeElementPresent | //*[@id='mainElement']/descendant::[@id='eachRowElement' and contains(.,'Mazda')] | isMazdaTextPresent&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where identification of main element and each row in the element can differ and could be an class or proprietal parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have SelBlocks installed, you will be able to make conditions, goto jumps, or cycles according to some array or XML file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T15:39:27.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25405" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25419" CreationDate="2017-02-09T16:49:23.780" Score="1" ViewCount="2469" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to Match values in JSON response with JDBC response?&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;just want to check that correct values passing in JSON response and need to verify that those values are matched with JDBC response (fetching data from Database). It is better to Explain with example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T14:10:29.527" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T14:10:29.527" Title="Using Jmeter How to Match values in Json response with JDBC response?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25399" CreationDate="2017-02-09T17:14:38.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the Linear layout 1st.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then using &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iList&amp;gt; iWebElement&lt;/code&gt;  get all the elemants which have id&#xA;name as &lt;code&gt;Normal_view&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After that you will be getting a list of items of &lt;code&gt;Text Views.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then access what ever the element you want using its index number.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below is a sample ,but in c#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; sidemenuList = elm2.Modules.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;li&quot;));&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;            sidemenuList[4].Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T17:14:38.517" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17004" CreationDate="2017-02-09T17:21:49.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming this is unique on the page, you should be able to identify and click the same element using CSS =  &lt;code&gt;'[data-testid=&quot;media-attachment-selector&quot;]'&lt;/code&gt;. (You could also pre-fix the element with &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; to indicate it's a link but either should work.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically development teams include &lt;code&gt;data-testids&lt;/code&gt; for testability / automated testing. It might be worth following up with the team to see if they do include these elements for that purpose (or another purpose). If they do, feel free to suggest additional tags to help you test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T17:21:49.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24689" CreationDate="2017-02-09T17:47:15.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Timeout on the grid was increased and looks like this issue got resolved. I am now able to run the tests in Firefox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23138" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T17:47:15.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9496" CreationDate="2017-02-09T18:06:32.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Selenium 3.0.1, I setup as follow and it works for IE 11.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;InternetExplorerOptions caps = new InternetExplorerOptions();&#xA;caps.IgnoreZoomLevel = true;&#xA;caps.EnableNativeEvents = false;&#xA;caps.InitialBrowserUrl = &quot;http://localhost&quot;;&#xA;caps.UnexpectedAlertBehavior = InternetExplorerUnexpectedAlertBehavior.Accept;&#xA;caps.IntroduceInstabilityByIgnoringProtectedModeSettings = true;&#xA;caps.EnablePersistentHover = true;        &#xA;IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(caps);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24019" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T18:06:32.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25398" CreationDate="2017-02-09T18:43:17.847" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm reading your question correctly, it sounds like you're expecting this machine running Wireshark to be able to monitor all traffic across the router.  Wireshark can't do that since it monitors traffic across the interface, not across the router. You're seeing the MDNS messages since those are multicast DNS broadcasts, and same thing with the pings.  They're going directly to the IP/interface on the machine you're running Wireshark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put another way, Wireshark will see all traffic going to/from your Ubuntu server across the interface you've configured it to listen on (which sounds like it's at 192.168.1.214).  It won't see any traffic that's not going to that IP.  The other machines on your network send their traffic to the router, and then to the destination server, never touching the machine you're running Wireshark on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to monitor all network traffic, you'll likely need to setup a proxy server and monitor traffic there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-02-09T18:43:17.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T01:36:17.410" Score="4" ViewCount="3733" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am on a website where you login, then search for course, click on course and then it lands on the Credit card page, since its just one course and is common and I am just trying to run DDT on CC section and not search section this is what I did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the test page this is how my code looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@pytest.mark.usefixtures(&quot;oneTimeSetUp&quot;,&quot;setUp&quot;)&#xA;@ddt&#xA;class SendformTest(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)&#xA;    def classSetup(self,oneTimeSetUp):&#xA;        self.sf = SendForms(self.driver)&#xA;        self.ts = TestStatus(self.driver)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    def setUp(self):  ############ I want this method to run just once after login, this method searches for course and then clicks and land on cc page&#xA;        self.sf.navigateToCCForms(&quot;img&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    @pytest.mark.run(order = 1)&#xA;    @data(*getCSVData(&quot;testRegular.csv&quot;))&#xA;    @unpack&#xA;    def test_cc_Form(self,ccNum, ccExp, ccCVV):&#xA;        result = self.sf.verifyOnCCforms() &#xA;        self.ts.mark(result,&quot;On Send Form Page&quot;)&#xA;        self.sf.ccdetails(ccNum, ccExp, ccCVV)&#xA;        result1 = self.sf.sentSuccessMsg()&#xA;        self.ts.markFinal(&quot;test_sending_Form&quot;, result1, &quot;this is test&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now this runs once fine and then just sits there, it wont enter data multiple times on the CC page. how do I make setUp method run just once. I tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@classmethod&#xA;def setUpClass(self):&#xA;    #super(SendformTest, self).setUpClass()&#xA;    self.sf.navigateToSendforms(&quot;img&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but getting the:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AttributeError: type object 'SendformTest' has no attribute 'sf'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17828" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T16:15:58.790" LastActivityDate="2018-10-24T23:00:54.867" Title="python unittest trying to run setUpclass" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25414" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T05:35:20.093" Score="1" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please explain the procedure to run JMeter for 1000+ users  using 2 systems  with 8GB configuration JMeter server and application server.&#xA;But while running 100 users with 4GB configuration application which is used in other system became slow then will the application supports for 1000 users using 2 or more systems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24026" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T05:35:20.093" Title="how to run 1000+users using JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-11T00:51:33.727" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25395" CreationDate="2017-02-10T05:46:11.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I have run given above code and its running fine.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mostly here might have configuration problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Working configuration of my system :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JDK 1.8 installed and added JAVA_HOME env variable and in path. &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2619584/how-to-set-java-home-on-windows-7&quot;&gt;Refer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Webdriver version 3.0 + &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Firefox latest version (v50 or more) &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Download and Install&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download latest Geckodriver from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt;. And put is in root directory of your project. If code is require path of Geckodriver then &lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/use-firefox-selenium-using-geckodriver-selenium-3/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;follow this&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Working code  :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class UserActions2&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args)&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(&quot;https://www.google.co.in/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        String str = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;The current URL is &quot; + str);&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T05:46:11.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25417" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T06:25:48.270" Score="2" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done performance test using Jmeter for the below shown requirement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having &lt;strong&gt;15 users&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;30 seconds&lt;/strong&gt; for ramp-up period and to schedule for &lt;strong&gt;1800 seconds duration&lt;/strong&gt; to run the test,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. To calculate the time it takes to open the URL, to provide values in all the fields and to submit it.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done this test in &lt;strong&gt;INDIAN server&lt;/strong&gt; and got the following results,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. Average response time : 23 seconds to open the URL.&#xA;2. Average response time : 88 seconds to fill the values in the URL.&#xA;3. Average response time : 10 seconds to submit.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the thing is, I need to find response time for &lt;strong&gt;US server&lt;/strong&gt; which fulfils my client's requirement. Can anyone help me in this scenario ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24028" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T07:18:40.047" Title="Jmeter-Performance Testing Results" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25417" CreationDate="2017-02-10T07:18:40.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So what is your problem (apart from high response times)? Just point JMeter to the US server and re-run your test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend keeping &lt;code&gt;Server Name or IP&lt;/code&gt;and &lt;code&gt;Port&lt;/code&gt; blank for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; samplers and use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/why-its-so-important-use-jmeters-http-request-defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt; to provide the endpoint server. This way you will be able to change the server from Indian to US and vice versa by amending the IP address only in one place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't also like your point 2 (Average response time : 88 seconds to fill the values in the URL), JMeter acts on protocol level, it doesn't actually &quot;types&quot; or &quot;fills&quot; anything so maybe you should redesign your test like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the URL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Submit&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Timer (i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Uniform_Random_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uniform Random Timer&lt;/a&gt;) to simulate user filling in the form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The timer will be executed &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; the Submit request and its duration will not be included into the response time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T07:18:40.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25405" CreationDate="2017-02-10T08:17:03.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not knowing the details of JDBC and JSON response it is hard to provide exact configuration, from the high level perspective it should be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSON_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON Extractor&lt;/a&gt; and store &quot;interesting&quot; part(s) of the response into JMeter Variable(s) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_PostProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JDBC PostProcessor&lt;/a&gt; and store values from the DB into JMeter Variable(s). See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/debugging-jdbc-sampler-results-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debugging JDBC Sampler Results in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide to learn how to do it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; (one assertion per variable) to test if variables are equal. Make sure that assertions are placed &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; the JSON Extractor and JDBC PostProcessor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oUe0s.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oUe0s.png&quot; alt=&quot;Response Assertion JSON JDBC&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T08:17:03.860" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17417" CreationDate="2017-02-10T09:04:07.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In eclipse you can select the particular amount of test cases you want to run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It comes as a explorer on the left side enabling you to select the particular test case you wish to run using Test NG&#xA;In the Image below, I have 2 test cases 1. Logout 2. Test1 , I can rightclick and run the one I wish to execute and get its report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/N7tIy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/N7tIy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T09:04:07.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25421" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T11:36:20.893" Score="4" ViewCount="767" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a script which get vars from XML with &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide-sel-blocks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selblocks plugin&lt;/a&gt;. This script make registrations to events on a website. The XML contains the URLs of the events and the names and passwords for Users. So I have ~100 events with 100 names &amp;amp; passwords. There are about 8-9 steps from login to confirmation &amp;amp; logout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there any problem with the User (e.g. user has to add any extra information about him (phone number, billing address etc.)) I get an error than the Element (Next button) has not found. When I got the error the script got a failed status and stop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to achieve that the script continues after that error. E.g. if my 3rd User couldn't register to event I will get only 2 executed registrations but maybe all of the another Users are good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I solve this problem? How can I ensure to skip the failed registration and skip to the next var? Are there any solutions with Selblocks? Anyway is it possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24035" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T13:23:07.050" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T23:13:59.227" Title="Selenium IDE with Selblocks: jump to next var if got an error" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22334" CreationDate="2017-02-10T13:08:55.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Capacity&lt;/strong&gt; is a measure of how much data a system can process or store before performance becomes unacceptable, for example how many customers can be held on a customer database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where as &lt;strong&gt;Scalability&lt;/strong&gt; is a measure of how easy it is to increase performance and capacity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance and capacity depends on many factors like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software design and configuration.&#xA;Processor speed.&#xA;Memory size and speed.&#xA;Data storage size and speed of access.&#xA;Network speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The effect of these factors can be subtle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;Both latency (time before data is moved) and throughput (amount of data that can be moved per unit time) impact speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if a system makes many small accesses across a network, the latency of the network will have a bigger impact than the throughput.&#xA;System configuration has a big impact. Many devices and software use some form of cache, a local store of commonly accessed data which speeds up overall times. Memory, processors, disks, databases and web servers all use some form of caching. Configuration of caching can have a major effect.&#xA;Performance and capacity are usually dictated by a limiting factor, or &quot;bottleneck&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if a system is limited by the speed with which data is read from disk, increasing the number or speed of processors will not increase performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As load increases toward capacity, systems should cope with excess capacity gracefully. In an online system, this could be achieved by queuing requests to process later, or by cleanly rejecting new requests.&#xA;But you must avoid the system &quot;grinding to a halt&quot; or failing midway through requests in a way that then undermines the integrity of the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is where Scalability is a serious issue on large systems. There are a number of approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Upgrading to faster hardware. This is known as &quot;scaling high&quot;, and works provided that the limiting factor is itself upgraded.&#xA;Running the system over more servers. This is known as &quot;scaling wide&quot;. By splitting the processing down into smaller units, it may be possible to sidestep bottlenecks. The additional need to control the workload between servers adds a new overhead and may itself become a bottleneck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Planning, modelling, testing and monitoring&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance and capacity need to be managed throughout the system life cycle. During development, capacity needs to be planned and performance tested. When the system us run live, performance needs to be monitored as do key statistics about capacity such as processor and memory usage. Size systems to meet peak processing requirements, for example the busiest hour on the busiest day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Over-capacity&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of the difficulties of correctly calculating capacity requirements, many systems end up with capacity that they can never use. Some systems are deployed on expensive hardware that scales well even though the system is not likely to need the additional capacity before the hardware is obsolete. Over-capacity can at times be very wasteful. It is not unusual to find servers that cost tens or hundreds of thousands of pounds that are hardly used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technologies like Clustering and Virtualization helps reducing over-capacity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T13:08:55.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2017-02-10T14:10:32.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to invite you to my Question and Answer site. I am a test automation engineer with 7+ years of experience. Here is my forum URL&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwaretestingboard.com/qna/?utm_source=stackexchange&amp;amp;utm_medium=answer&amp;amp;utm_content=best_software_testing_forum_answer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Testing Board&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About the site:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwaretestingboard.com/qna/?utm_source=stackexchange&amp;amp;utm_medium=answer&amp;amp;utm_content=best_software_testing_forum_answer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Testing Board&lt;/a&gt; is the open forum for all. Mayur Shah, founder, and contributor of this forum was finding it difficult to handle the questions asked by anonymous followers. So, inspired he started this site. He entertains questions related to Test Automation, Selenium WebDriver, Java, JUnit, TestNG, SOAP, JMeter and anything related to Software QA and testing. Also, he encourages visitors and registered members to answer questions asked on this site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10952" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T19:42:34.560" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-02-10T14:10:32.077" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25424" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25426" CreationDate="2017-02-10T15:26:51.187" Score="5" ViewCount="8249" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to Use  Http request/JSON extractor(using Jmeter Variable) in Jmeter with Response assertion(using Jmeter Variable). better to provide with Example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-02-10T15:51:46.007" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T16:11:21.007" Title="How to Use Http Request/JSON extractor(using Jmeter Variable) in Jmeter with Response assertion(using Jmeter Variable)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-10T15:50:29.780" Score="1" ViewCount="1091" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writting some scripts on Selenium combined with Saucelab. However I have an issue. I do a test condition to know if I have an element or not on my page, if there is not this element I want to stop the test and send a fail flag to Saucelab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    if (len(driver.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@data-user-id='34196'][@data-shift-date='%s']/div/div[@class='shift-details']&quot; %date))!=0 ):&#xA;    print &quot;The shift is assigned to this user, good&quot;&#xA;else:&#xA;    print &quot;The shift is not assigned to this user, issue&quot;&#xA;    sauce_client.jobs.update_job(driver.session_id, passed=False)&#xA;    driver.quit()&#xA;&#xA;sauce_client.jobs.update_job(driver.session_id, passed=True)&#xA;driver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; in the else part doesn't work as I would like. The script is still running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-20T06:36:59.260" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T06:36:59.260" Title="Selenium - Why driver.quit doesn't work in the following case?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25424" CreationDate="2017-02-10T16:11:21.007" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example you have the following response:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TJxeM.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TJxeM.png&quot; alt=&quot;JSON Response&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you need to extract &lt;code&gt;John&lt;/code&gt; from it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSON_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON Extractor&lt;/a&gt; Post Processor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reference Name: anything meaningful, i.e. &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;JSON Path Expressions: &lt;code&gt;$.name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oVFpc.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oVFpc.png&quot; alt=&quot;JSON Extractor example configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;That's it, you now have &lt;code&gt;${name}&lt;/code&gt; JMeter Variable with the value of &lt;code&gt;John&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QX1xP.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QX1xP.png&quot; alt=&quot;Variable from JSON Response&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If now you want to validate its value you can add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; and configure it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apply to -&gt; JMeter Variable -&gt; &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pattern Matching Rules: &lt;code&gt;Equals&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Patterns to Test: &lt;code&gt;John&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZPSqT.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZPSqT.png&quot; alt=&quot;Response assertion for a JMeter Variable&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To learn more about JSON Path check out this &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jayway/JsonPath#getting-started&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Getting Started&lt;/a&gt; article. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To see some advanced use cases (conditional select, matching multiple values in a single request, working with JSON Arrays) refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-usage-json-path-extractor-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Advanced Usage of the JSON Path Extractor in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; guide.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T16:11:21.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25427" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25454" CreationDate="2017-02-10T16:43:57.573" Score="2" ViewCount="6514" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to Use JDBC PostProcessor(using Jmeter Variable) in Jmeter with Response assertion(using Jmeter Variable).Provide me with example..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T06:03:56.800" Title="JDBC PostProcessor Example in Jmeter for Response assertion" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-02-13T19:05:19.933" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25425" CreationDate="2017-02-10T16:44:07.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the element cannot be found the driver throws an exception. Then the program stops.&#xA;You need to handle the exception with a try ... except block.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read how to handle errors: &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/errors.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/errors.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T16:44:07.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="532" CreationDate="2017-02-10T18:11:25.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Ministry of Testing has a growing following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ministryoftesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.ministryoftesting.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in every major tech dev city such as Boston, NY, London, San Fran, check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.meetup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.meetup.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-10T18:11:25.920" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-02-10T18:11:25.920" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-11T10:46:57.213" Score="1" ViewCount="575" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Step-1.&lt;/code&gt; Click the link from the parent window.The new window gets opened. Say it&#xA;as a child window. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Step-2.&lt;/code&gt; In child window, not able to enter data in&#xA;    the field using selenium webDriver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;String parentWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='topButtonRow']/input[5]&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; windowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;System.out.println(windowHandles.size());&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = windowHandles.iterator();&#xA;String wHandle = null;&#xA;while (it.hasNext()) {&#xA;    wHandle = it.next();&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(wHandle);&#xA;    if (driver.getCurrentUrl().equals(&quot;https://uat.omnilife.com.au/OmniLifeWeb/#/quotes/300020fb-e61b-439a-b5d1-5459976ee59b?crmReferenceId=006p0000004VCAE&amp;amp;page=client&amp;amp;save=true&amp;amp;complete=true&quot;)) {&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='client-occupation']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Comput&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;[ Computing Professional ]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='update-client']&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='trmCheck']&quot;)).isSelected();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='quote-settings']/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[2]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;50000&quot;); &#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='quoteResultGrid']/div/div[6]/div/div[1]/div/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1]/div/input&quot;)).isSelected();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='saveToCRMBulk']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(parentWindowHandle);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24051" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T09:00:37.377" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T10:08:07.153" Title="Unable to enter data in child window" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25432" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-11T11:11:57.800" Score="5" ViewCount="221" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to testing field and from a non-technical background how should I report bugs without SRS (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_requirements_specification&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Requirements Specification&lt;/a&gt;)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23846" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-11T13:05:34.193" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T17:59:42.497" Title="Testing without SRS as a fresher tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;tester&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25432" CreationDate="2017-02-11T12:04:24.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without SRS try to identify the business work flow on the system.&#xA;Based on that report bugs.&#xA;Always try to identify work follow of the system .&#xA;Talk to a BA,PM,clients and finally to the developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T12:04:24.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25432" CreationDate="2017-02-11T12:30:37.817" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even without a formal document, there are always requirements. You just have to work harder to find them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can talk to people and ask, then document what you heard. And there are some requirements (&quot;must not crash&quot;, &quot;must be consistent with a prior version of the application&quot;) that are usually implied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T12:30:37.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25435" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25432" CreationDate="2017-02-11T14:07:34.190" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;With any application you are testing you need to learn the system. How is it used and how it generates revenue. Requirements come from that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who is using the system. What are the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persona_(user_experience)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;persona's&lt;/a&gt; and what is important for them. Understanding the users and their roles is key to see if something is a possible defect in their eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reporting defects should include the following info:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step by step reproduction (containing enough details for a developer to reproduce the issue)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Actual result (what is the end-result of the steps, this is the thing that is possibly wrong)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected result (the result the persona would expect instead of the actual result. This makes it easier for developers or product managers to verify you understand the requirement and if the defect is valid or not.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are new to a system it seems advisable to communicate a lot with the different roles users, managers and developers to understand what is happening and why. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of just blindly creating bug-reports I would talk to the people and ask them if they think you have indeed found an issue or requirement that is wrongly implemented. This until you are confident with the requirements of the system. Getting a lot of reports rejected is not fun and or helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I am confronted with a new product to test. I always start with quality interviews with the roles. Asking them what they expect from the system, but also explaining the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.davidchappell.com/writing/white_papers/The_Three_Aspects_of_Software_Quality_v1.0-Chappell.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;three different types of software quality&lt;/a&gt;. With the goal to understand where the product currently stands and what the greatest gaps are in the quality process. If needed you could start creating formal requirement documents, but question yourself if alternatives like automated tests could be an better idea to safeguard these features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-11T14:07:34.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25437" CreationDate="2017-02-11T15:46:01.120" Score="2" ViewCount="18186" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Code : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.*;&#xA;&#xA; public class NewTest {&#xA;&#xA;public WebDriver driver;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void f(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\Cheitrav\\Desktop\\ISTQB\\chromedriver.exe&quot;); &#xA;  driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;  driver.get(&quot;http://www.guru99.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestNG] Running:&#xA;  C:\Users\Cheitrav\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse--373686985\testng-customsuite.xml&#xA;&#xA;[Error] org.testng.TestNGException: &#xA;Cannot inject @Test annotated Method [f] with [interface org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver].&#xA;For more information on native dependency injection please refer to http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#native-dependency-injection&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Parameters.checkParameterTypes(Parameters.java:244)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Parameters.createParameters(Parameters.java:172)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Parameters.createParameters(Parameters.java:458)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Parameters.handleParameters(Parameters.java:568)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.handleParameters(Invoker.java:1293)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.createParameters(Invoker.java:1020)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1110)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:756)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:610)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:387)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:382)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:340)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:289)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1293)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1218)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1133)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1104)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:236)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:81)&#xA;&#xA;FAILED: f&#xA;org.testng.TestNGException: &#xA;Cannot inject @Test annotated Method [f] with [interface org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver].&#xA;For more information on native dependency injection please refer to http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#native-dependency-injection&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Parameters.checkParameterTypes(Parameters.java:244)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Parameters.createParameters(Parameters.java:172)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Parameters.createParameters(Parameters.java:458)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Parameters.handleParameters(Parameters.java:568)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.handleParameters(Invoker.java:1293)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.createParameters(Invoker.java:1020)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1110)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:756)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:610)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:387)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:382)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:340)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:289)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1293)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1218)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1133)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1104)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:236)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:81)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;    Default test&#xA;    Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;Default suite&#xA;Total tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@5f2108b5: 16 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@72d818d1: 4 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@cb644e: 4 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 3 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@5649fd9b: 4 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@4b4523f8: 24 ms&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-02-12T11:25:51.147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T18:35:26.453" Title="what does this mean ? : Cannot inject @Test annotated Method [f] with [interface org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver]" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25436" CreationDate="2017-02-11T15:53:04.453" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Methods annotated with @Test cannot have parameters.  Try something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NewTest {&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void f() {&#xA;       WebDriver driver;&#xA;       System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\Cheitrav\\Desktop\\ISTQB\\chromedriver.exe&quot;); &#xA;       driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;       driver.get(&quot;http://www.guru99.com&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are problems with your code but my suggestion above should get you past the problem you asked about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; this answer was based on outdated information and is wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-02-12T18:35:26.453" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T18:35:26.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25438" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-11T16:02:14.433" Score="1" ViewCount="344" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IKM6V.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IKM6V.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I am working in Wireshark, to capturing WiFi traffic. Our product is qber management system, its a token management system. So I want to test the whenever calling from API's using with Wireshark to monitoring data inside the packets. My aim is to capture the data from inside the packets. So I need to use with Wireshark. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, I use the follwoing command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo su&#xA;airomon-ng start wlp6s0&#xA;then click on mon0 interface&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found that 802.11 management frames, it like beacons, probes.. It showing that the WiFi is in monitor mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw the so many wireless router names. And also saw the mac address, that I can see the where the request is come from which machine. I saw the data is showing uncomplete...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know Is I am going the right path?&#xA;or I want to use with airpcap adapter. Which is the approach everyone following? How to get data inside packets when I am testing my API's  anyone please help me to clear me.. Help me to go the right way..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-20T06:37:04.693" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T06:37:04.693" Title="Wireshark capturing WiFi traffic" Tags="&lt;linux&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-02-13T10:19:01.183" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25432" CreationDate="2017-02-11T17:03:56.060" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My opinion is &lt;strong&gt;communication&lt;/strong&gt;. To communicate with developer, customer, business analyst and so on. Communicate with customer to get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Better domain understanding ,Better acceptance tests, Better&#xA;  end-to-end tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And communicate with developers to get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Better Test Automation code, Better Unit Tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And communicate with business analyst to get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Better domain understanding Better acceptance tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T17:59:42.497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T17:59:42.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10337" CreationDate="2017-02-12T05:50:23.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, there aren't really any problems with TDD. More precisely, the problems with &quot;it&quot; are more a result of not employing it correctly at the right stage of the feature / project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you are writing an API, you must first understand the problem, understand how you want to solve the problem, understand how you want to model the problem such that the consumer of said API is productive with your API. Once you have stubs and modelled your interactions, proven your approach using PoCs, and you get the warm and fuzzy feelings from your approach. Then you can write your tests and then your code, and then you may feel free to refactor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point is, aside from PoC work, you don't want to write any code until you have the basis for your API figured out: not test code and not API code. I think many developers skip this part and start doing the TDD thing (or go straight to implementation) and grow their solution organically. Anyone who subscribes to TDD can be just as guilty as the &quot;ley&quot; developer of building a terrible solution: you just want to make sure your keeping what really matters in the forefront of your mind: problem, solution, API surface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only other thing I'll add is that many people can be extremely productive with TDD, but your UX guys may not care for it. In other words, they may not be as disciplined as you so all you are doing is making them far less productive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24056" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T05:50:23.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25438" CreationDate="2017-02-12T06:49:22.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what it sounds like, you just need to capture traffic.  Capturing packets may be more complicated than what you need to do.  If you are the source of the traffic, or you know where it is going, using a transparent proxy would get you what you need.  If this is HTTPS traffic, it gets much more complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have to sniff on the network at the packet level, with an unknown source, you will need to be in monitor mode, as you don't want to be broadcasting.  You don't usually need any kind of special adapter for this, many different chips will allow you to enter monitor mode like you are doing with airpcap.  Once capturing traffic, you will want to filter to remove all the other chatter, by focusing on the destination address, since I'm guessing the traffic may originate from multiple sources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incomplete packets or handshake sequences can pop up for many reasons.  Monitoring, scans, poorly designed network services, bandwidth issues, etc.  They're only a concern if they're coming/going from the server receiving API traffic or the client sending it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T06:49:22.210" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14704" CreationDate="2017-02-12T10:03:55.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the true, but difficult, answer here is that the test system needs a different approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This issue can be addressed by making sure that all unit tests mock and stub the database where the objects are stored.  This means all data, even reference data is created for each single test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a radically different approach to previous practices but I have seen it implemented as a fairly standard approach with my last 3 employers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other big effect from this is speed.  Instead of tests taking many seconds, many tests can run &lt;em&gt;per&lt;/em&gt; second.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T10:03:55.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="42" CreationDate="2017-02-12T10:17:58.877" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer not to stick to only books. I also use youtube and search for test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also helps to try to automate or start automating anything, desktop app, web app, or any thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T11:28:50.940" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T11:28:50.940" CommentCount="1" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-02-12T10:17:58.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25444" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25436" CreationDate="2017-02-12T11:46:09.963" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unlike what @user246 said, it is possible to have parameters in &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 options exist:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#native-dependency-injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Native injection&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any @Before method or @Test method can declare a parameter of type&#xA;  ITestContext. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any @AfterMethod method can declare a parameter of type&#xA;  ITestResult, which will reflect the result of the test method that was&#xA;  just run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any @Before and @After methods can declare a parameter of&#xA;  type XmlTest, which contain the current  tag. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any @BeforeMethod&#xA;  (and @AfterMethod) can declare a parameter of type&#xA;  java.lang.reflect.Method. This parameter will receive the test method&#xA;  that will be called once this @BeforeMethod finishes (or after the&#xA;  method as run for @AfterMethod). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any @BeforeMethod can declare a&#xA;  parameter of type Object[]. This parameter will receive the list of&#xA;  parameters that are about to be fed to the upcoming test method, which&#xA;  could be either injected by TestNG, such as java.lang.reflect.Method&#xA;  or come from a @DataProvider. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any @DataProvider can declare a&#xA;  parameter of type ITestContext or java.lang.reflect.Method. The latter&#xA;  parameter will receive the test method that is about to be invoked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Parameters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23406" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T11:46:09.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25093" CreationDate="2017-02-12T14:31:53.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.kuali.org/download/attachments/329384409/The%20Cucumber%20Book.pdf?version=1&amp;amp;modificationDate=1407504510000&amp;amp;api=v2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Cucumber Book&lt;/a&gt; will help you with understanding Cucumber, and all the steps are written in Ruby for the examples, which will help you quite a bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inside, you will also find a little bit about Capybara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;, I have not used it as a way to learn the Ruby version of Cucumber, however it has helped me to develop my knowledge of other Cucumber based frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link that I've given is the download link to the PDF version of the book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wish you the best in learning automation skills with Ruby, Capybara and Cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to push yourself in the future, try to make the step definitions that you write &lt;em&gt;as human readable as possible&lt;/em&gt;. Not only will this help you in the future, by giving you a better understanding of how ruby works, but will also mean that your code will speak for itself, which is always brilliant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17008" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T14:31:53.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25446" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-12T14:39:03.363" Score="1" ViewCount="697" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to launch a simple web application test using Appium, using AVD. I'm using eclipse, and the android studio emulator. I included all the packages. I would like to make sure about the capabilities I used concerning the device name because in the AVD the device name is: 'Nexus6API24' but when I type the command &lt;code&gt;adb devices&lt;/code&gt; I'm getting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;List of devices attached: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;emulator-5554 device &#xA;product:sdk_google_phone_x86 &#xA;model:Android_SDK_built_for_x86 &#xA;device:generic_x86&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone explain the source error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the java code I used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.example;&#xA;&#xA;import java.net.MalformedURLException;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.BrowserType;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.remote.MobileCapabilityType;&#xA;&#xA;public class FirstAppiumTest {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;// create instance for appium driver&#xA;    AppiumDriver&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; driver;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;&#xA;    public void Setup() throws MalformedURLException&#xA;    {&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME,BrowserType.CHROME);&#xA;        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM,Platform.ANDROID);&#xA;        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME,&quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, &quot;emulator-5554&quot;);&#xA;        //cap.setCapability(&quot;AVD&quot;, &quot;emulator-5554&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new AndroidDriver&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), cap);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.facebook.com&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Title &quot;+driver.getTitle());&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;mukesh@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;pass&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;mukesh_selenium&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;u_0_5&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I'm getting this error in eclipse ; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestNG] Running:&#xA;  C:\Users\ghabr\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse--1101744164\testng-customsuite.xml&#xA;&#xA;[TestNG] Running:&#xA;  C:\Users\ghabr\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse--1101744164\testng-customsuite.xml&#xA;&#xA;Feb 12, 2017 6:26:49 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end&#xA;Feb 12, 2017 6:26:49 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end&#xA;FAILED: Setup&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: A new session could not be created. (Original error: Requested a new session but one was in progress) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 0 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:48:19 -0700'&#xA;System info: host: 'LAPTOP-O6MJ7FC6', ip: '192.168.251.2', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_121'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: AndroidDriver&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:216)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:168)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:161)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:64)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:141)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumCommandExecutor.execute(AppiumCommandExecutor.java:69)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:601)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.execute(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:42)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.execute(AppiumDriver.java:1)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver.execute(AndroidDriver.java:1)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:241)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:128)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:141)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:38)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(AppiumDriver.java:90)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(AppiumDriver.java:128)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(AndroidDriver.java:72)&#xA;    at com.example.FirstAppiumTest.Setup(FirstAppiumTest.java:33)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:104)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:645)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:851)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1177)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:756)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:610)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:387)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:382)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:340)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:289)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1293)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1218)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1133)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1104)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:236)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:81)&#xA;FAILED: Setup&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: A new session could not be created. (Original error: Requested a new session but one was in progress) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 0 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:48:19 -0700'&#xA;System info: host: 'LAPTOP-O6MJ7FC6', ip: '192.168.251.2', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_121'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: AndroidDriver&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:216)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:168)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:161)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:64)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:141)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumCommandExecutor.execute(AppiumCommandExecutor.java:69)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:601)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.execute(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:42)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.execute(AppiumDriver.java:1)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver.execute(AndroidDriver.java:1)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:241)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:128)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:141)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:38)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(AppiumDriver.java:90)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(AppiumDriver.java:128)&#xA;    at io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(AndroidDriver.java:72)&#xA;    at com.example.FirstAppiumTest.Setup(FirstAppiumTest.java:33)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:104)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:645)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:851)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1177)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:756)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:610)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:387)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:382)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:340)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:289)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1293)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1218)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1133)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1104)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:236)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:81)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;    Default test&#xA;    Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;Default suite&#xA;Total tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@82de64a: 38 ms&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;    Default test&#xA;    Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;Default suite&#xA;Total tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@82de64a: 38 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@47e2e487: 740 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 20 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@1151e434: 6 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@47e2e487: 740 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 20 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@1151e434: 6 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@4efac082: 480 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@4efac082: 480 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@13fd2ccd: 17 ms&#xA;[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@13fd2ccd: 17 ms&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is the log messages in Appium :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; info: --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session {&quot;capabilities&quot;:{&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;chrome&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;emulator-5554&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;ANDROID&quot;},&quot;requiredCapabilities&quot;:{}},&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;chrome&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;emulator-5554&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;ANDROID&quot;},&quot;requiredCapabilities&quot;:{}}&#xA;&amp;gt; error: Failed to start an Appium session, err was: Error: Requested a new session but one was in progress&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Client User-Agent string: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_121)&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] The following desired capabilities were provided, but not recognized by appium. They will be passed on to any other services running on this server. : platform&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Set mode: Proxying straight through to Chromedriver&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Looks like we want chrome on android&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Creating new appium session 960dfc32-859d-4586-9cc6-6bd96e0e2815&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Checking whether adb is present&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Using adb from C:\Users\ghabr\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Using fast reset? false&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Preparing device for session&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Not checking whether app is present since we are assuming it's already on the device&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Retrieving device&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Trying to find a connected android device&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Getting connected devices...&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] executing cmd: C:\Users\ghabr\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe devices&#xA;&amp;gt; info: --&amp;gt; POST /wd/hub/session {&quot;capabilities&quot;:{&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;chrome&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;emulator-5554&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;ANDROID&quot;},&quot;requiredCapabilities&quot;:{}},&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;chrome&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;emulator-5554&quot;,&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;ANDROID&quot;},&quot;requiredCapabilities&quot;:{}}&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Client User-Agent string: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_121)&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Error: Requested a new session but one was in progress&#xA;&amp;gt;     at [object Object].Appium.start (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\lib\appium.js:139:15)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at exports.createSession (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\lib\server\controller.js:188:16)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\layer.js:82:5)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:110:13)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Route.dispatch (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:91:3)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\layer.js:82:5)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:267:22&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Function.proto.process_params (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:321:12)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:261:10)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:100:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\lib\server\controller.js:39:7&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\layer.js:82:5)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:110:13)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:104:14)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Route.dispatch (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:91:3)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\layer.js:82:5)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:267:22&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Function.proto.process_params (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:321:12)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:261:10)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at methodOverride (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\method-override\index.js:79:5)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\layer.js:82:5)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at trim_prefix (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:302:13)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:270:7&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Function.proto.process_params (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:321:12)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at next (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:261:10)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at logger (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\morgan\index.js:136:5)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\layer.js:82:5)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at trim_prefix (C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:302:13)&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Responding to client with error: {&quot;status&quot;:33,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;message&quot;:&quot;A new session could not be created. (Original error: Requested a new session but one was in progress)&quot;,&quot;origValue&quot;:&quot;Requested a new session but one was in progress&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;960dfc32-859d-4586-9cc6-6bd96e0e2815&quot;}&#xA;&amp;gt; info: &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session 500 5841.676 ms - 250 &#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] 1 device(s) connected&#xA;&amp;gt; info: Found device emulator-5554&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Setting device id to emulator-5554&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Waiting for device to be ready and to respond to shell commands (timeout = 5)&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] executing cmd: C:\Users\ghabr\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe -s emulator-5554 wait-for-device&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] executing cmd: C:\Users\ghabr\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe -s emulator-5554 shell &quot;echo 'ready'&quot;&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Starting logcat capture&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Pushing unlock helper app to device...&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] executing cmd: C:\Users\ghabr\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe -s emulator-5554 install &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\build\unlock_apk\unlock_apk-debug.apk&quot;&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Cleaning up appium session&#xA;&amp;gt; error: Failed to start an Appium session, err was: Error: Command failed: Failed to install C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\build\unlock_apk\unlock_apk-debug.apk: Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS: Attempt to re-install io.appium.unlock without first uninstalling.]&#xA;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Error: Command failed: Failed to install C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\build\unlock_apk\unlock_apk-debug.apk: Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS: Attempt to re-install io.appium.unlock without first uninstalling.]&#xA;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;gt;     at ChildProcess.exithandler (child_process.js:637:15)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at ChildProcess.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:98:17)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at maybeClose (child_process.js:743:16)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Socket.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (child_process.js:956:11)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Socket.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:95:17)&#xA;&amp;gt;     at Pipe.close (net.js:465:12)&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Responding to client with error: {&quot;status&quot;:33,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;message&quot;:&quot;A new session could not be created. (Original error: Command failed: Failed to install C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Appium\\node_modules\\appium\\build\\unlock_apk\\unlock_apk-debug.apk: Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS: Attempt to re-install io.appium.unlock without first uninstalling.]\r\n)&quot;,&quot;killed&quot;:false,&quot;code&quot;:1,&quot;signal&quot;:null,&quot;origValue&quot;:&quot;Command failed: Failed to install C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Appium\\node_modules\\appium\\build\\unlock_apk\\unlock_apk-debug.apk: Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS: Attempt to re-install io.appium.unlock without first uninstalling.]\r\n&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:null}&#xA;&amp;gt; info: &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session 500 26332.143 ms - 642 &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24057" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T18:46:22.440" LastActivityDate="2021-04-14T07:49:15.040" Title="Appium TestNG error : Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25093" CreationDate="2017-02-12T15:12:14.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal top two hints, from recent experience, are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use good page object patterns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use helpers to dry up tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately this leads to specs that look like this (real example):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;scenario 'happy thru all the stages', :happy do&#xA;  complete_primary_auto(p, auto)&#xA;  submit_form&#xA;  complete_primary_driver(p)&#xA;  submit_form&#xA;  fill_out_policy_3smf(p)&#xA;  submit_form&#xA;  expect(page).to have_css p.exits&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all the methods such as &lt;code&gt;complete_primary_driver&lt;/code&gt; and locators such as &lt;code&gt;exits&lt;/code&gt; being defined in helper and Page Object files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also focus on rspec-capybara and question if the cucumber piece is critical.  I have seen several organizations adopt Cucumber quite enthusiastically, often with a major promoter, with great justification, only to see it dropped with a year, frequently because users never get how to write good specs with good programming practices.  Before you know it you are explaining DRY and other concepts.  So I just focus on rspec-capybara feature specs that run in the browser.  YMMV of course and you may not have a choice in the matter at this point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other hints I've learned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a CI server such as Jenkins or CircleCI*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a service such as Sauce Labs or Browserstack*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expect maddening intermittent failures and allow time for working on them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* = my preference&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://betterspecs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://betterspecs.org/&lt;/a&gt; Good practices on how to write tests.&#xA;Highlights:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to describe your methods&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use contexts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep your description short&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Single expectation per test*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test all possible cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use subject&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use let and let!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mock and Stub&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create only the data you need&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use factories and not fixtures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy to read matcher&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shared Examples&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test what you see&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stub HTTP requests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* the one guidelines here that I definitely do NOT follow for feature tests is one expectation for tests.  I intentionally go against this guideline for feature tests because of speed.  Browser tests are quite slow and if I want to check for 10 elements correctly redisplaying user input on an error screen on a sad path it simply isn't practical to have 10 separate tests with each doing all the required setup and running through the UI.  So my &lt;em&gt;feature&lt;/em&gt; tests have multiple expects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sitepoint.com/learn-the-first-best-practices-for-rails-and-rspec/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.sitepoint.com/learn-the-first-best-practices-for-rails-and-rspec/&lt;/a&gt; also has some good first timer hints on setup such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installing RSpec&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Shoulda-Matchers Configuration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database Cleaner Configuration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Capybara Setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Faker and Factory Girl Setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature Spec&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the links go bad you can search for the section header, prefix search with rspec&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In respect to your desire for more formal course style material I can recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeschool.com/courses/testing-with-rspec&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.codeschool.com/courses/testing-with-rspec&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codecademy.com/courses/ruby-beginner-en-6Ij5M/0/1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.codecademy.com/courses/ruby-beginner-en-6Ij5M/0/1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://robots.thoughtbot.com/how-we-test-rails-applications&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://robots.thoughtbot.com/how-we-test-rails-applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-12T15:46:01.513" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T15:46:01.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25448" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-12T15:29:57.693" Score="2" ViewCount="1463" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario to test where I need to test that the export functionality is working properly or not. I know that usually in these cases, &#xA;firstly we check the availability of file in location and next the file size. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that in this case file is automatically getting downloaded to My Downloads folder which is different for different users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how do we create a test for this? Also are there any other test cases we need to check. This is the dummy code for how the link behaves(I don't have the actual code right now). Please suggest how to test this properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jqwidgets.com/jquery-widgets-demo/demos/jqxgrid/dataexport.htm?light&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.jqwidgets.com/jquery-widgets-demo/demos/jqxgrid/dataexport.htm?light&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24059" LastEditorUserId="24059" LastEditDate="2017-02-12T19:49:38.443" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T18:04:39.930" Title="How to test export functionality?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;export&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12815" CreationDate="2017-02-12T18:43:25.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To realistically load test such protocols, you need to either build your own plugin or use existing one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed proceeding without a plugin will lead to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unrealistic simulation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Indeed, players have a complex behavior in order to reduce pause times (Lag) during the play.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They select the playlist depending on the bandwidth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They initially buffer few seconds before starting to play&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They download data while video is being played&#xA;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another problem is that your test won’t be able to limit the bandwidth for some of your users based on their network type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Time consuming development&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating an « imperfect simulation » will take you some time and skill as you need to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Master Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure you handle correctly pauses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select correctly the playlist depending on bandwidth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reproducing live behavior is very complex and requires a lot of scripting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reproducing Player behavior and the way it interacts with your servers requires that you code in Java multi-threading as a player downloads while it plays and reloads playlist for Live Streaming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limited scalability&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stream manipulate important volumes of data per users. So whatever you do it won't scale OOTB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Difficult analysis and reporting&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need specific metrics for Video that JMeter does not provide OOTB:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Buffer fill&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lag time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Play time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lag ratio&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can read this for more details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ubik-ingenierie.com/blog/videostreaming-plugin-with-live-and-abr-streaming/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.ubik-ingenierie.com/blog/videostreaming-plugin-with-live-and-abr-streaming/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ubikloadpack.com/video-streaming-performance.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://ubikloadpack.com/video-streaming-performance.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use either a JMeter SAAS or your own Cloud server to overcome possible network issues from your injector and use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; + this &lt;a href=&quot;https://ubikloadpack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;commercial plugin&lt;/a&gt; which simulates realistically the Players behaviour for HLS, MPEG-DASH and MS Smooth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer : We are behind the development of this solution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5126" LastEditorUserId="5126" LastEditDate="2019-01-16T19:58:04.890" LastActivityDate="2019-01-16T19:58:04.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25448" CreationDate="2017-02-12T19:25:28.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I could not open your link.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coincidentally, I came across a test case recently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Normally, you should be able to choose which folder you want to download your file to. It is better for you to dynamically create such a folder so that no manual intervention is needed once your test is deployed. Doing so should solve this problem for different users. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your code can create a folder dynamically, verify there is no exported file in this folder, export a file, verify this newly exported file appeared (either by name or other means) then delete this file after verification. This is how I would do it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T19:25:28.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24875" CreationDate="2017-02-12T20:32:28.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Page objects and Sections do not relate to Selenium in anyway. They are building blocks for structuring your automated UI test-cases and can be combined with Selenium if that is your test-driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/natritmeyer/site_prism&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SitePrism documentation and examples&lt;/a&gt; are quite clear what sections are used for:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;define sections used on multiple pages or multiple times on one page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They just added this section concept to the existing page-object concept, applying the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don&amp;#39;t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY&lt;/a&gt; pattern seems logical and might be something you would do yourself one way or the other anyways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-12T20:32:28.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25427" CreationDate="2017-02-13T06:03:56.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, we have the following table:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mysql&amp;gt; describe city;&#xA;+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+&#xA;| Field       | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |&#xA;+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+&#xA;| ID          | int(11)  | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |&#xA;| Name        | char(35) | NO   |     |         |                |&#xA;| CountryCode | char(3)  | NO   | MUL |         |                |&#xA;| District    | char(20) | NO   |     |         |                |&#xA;| Population  | int(11)  | NO   |     | 0       |                |&#xA;+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+&#xA;5 rows in set (0.01 sec)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you are executing some query against it, i.e. getting all the information on 2 random cities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select * from city order by rand() limit 2;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to configure JMeter like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tyvTm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tyvTm.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter JDBC Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pay attention to the &lt;code&gt;Variable names&lt;/code&gt; stanza&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you execute the request, it will return raw data like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wMaSM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wMaSM.png&quot; alt=&quot;JDBC Raw data&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But given you defined variable names, you will have the following JMeter variables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;ID_1&lt;/code&gt; with the value of &lt;code&gt;725&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;ID_2&lt;/code&gt; with the value of &lt;code&gt;3077&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Name_1&lt;/code&gt; with the value of &lt;code&gt;Randburg&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Name_2&lt;/code&gt; with the value of &lt;code&gt;Bremen&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8LsQ5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8LsQ5.png&quot; alt=&quot;JDBC Variables JMeter&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/debugging-jdbc-sampler-results-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debugging JDBC Sampler Results in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more details on working with JDBC Test elements output&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T06:03:56.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25457" CreationDate="2017-02-13T08:43:56.900" Score="1" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tests written in &lt;a href=&quot;http://sahipro.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sahi&lt;/a&gt; format. I want to convert them to test them using functional testing module of &lt;a href=&quot;https://theintern.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;intern.js&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to convert the tests written in Sahi format to format that intern.js can understand?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any tools or libraries available for the same?&#xA;I could not find anything on the net or in any other questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24063" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-13T08:56:49.720" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T09:24:54.043" Title="How to migrate sahi tests to intern" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;sahi&gt;&lt;intern&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25456" CreationDate="2017-02-13T09:24:54.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably not, as not many people switch testing frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haved used some test-migrators between xUnit test-frameworks, but in the end migration by hand was easier. Because in my case I used some features that didn't exist in the other framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible strategies:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;100-200 tests&lt;/strong&gt;: Migrate by hand, test by test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thousands of tests&lt;/strong&gt;: Write your own migrator (first migrate some tests by hand ;-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep the old tests and only write new tests in the new framework, slowly migrating tests as you see fit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably I would pick the first or the last option. I do not see a lot of trouble with supporting two frameworks for a while. First you have to learn the new framework. After some weeks migration might be much easier and less frustrating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T09:24:54.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6440" CreationDate="2017-02-13T12:43:13.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As defined on ISTQB Syllabus: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pesticide paradox: If the same tests are repeated over and over again,&#xA;  eventually the same set of test cases will no longer find any new&#xA;  defects. To overcome this “pesticide paradox”, test cases need to be&#xA;  regularly reviewed and revised, and new and different tests need to be&#xA;  written to exercise different parts of the software or system to find&#xA;  potentially more defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when a software is a subject of continuous changes and updating repeating the same test steps and scenario will make the software undiscovered bugs immune against the testing. That is why to avoid &quot;Pesticide paradox&quot; keep your test cases uptodate when ever a change or fix is applied on the testing area and always try to add new test scenarios and steps whenever possible. Also have different tester check different areas on each regression or release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24067" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T12:43:13.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25462" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25464" CreationDate="2017-02-13T16:54:13.083" Score="1" ViewCount="1155" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im little bit good at c# and not at JAVA , So is there any way to write Appium scripts on a MAC using c# ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My target is to make some automation scripts to test an android and iOS build which developed using ionic framework.AKA Hybrid framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I went thru some tutorials on executing Appium/Selenium tests on a MAC and everything was written in JAVA which im not familiar very much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T20:24:39.210" Title="Running Appium test on a MAC with c#" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;hybrid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11537" CreationDate="2017-02-13T18:35:03.457" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;List = findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;item:not(.sold-out)&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24074" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T18:35:03.457" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25462" CreationDate="2017-02-13T20:24:39.210" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can make it working with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.xamarin.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xamarin&lt;/a&gt; or the new &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/vs/visual-studio-mac/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Studio for Mac&lt;/a&gt; (which is in Beta).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a blog about Selenium with C# on a Mac with Xamarin: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testerstories.com/2015/11/c-and-selenium-on-xamarin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testerstories.com/2015/11/c-and-selenium-on-xamarin/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft is supporting C# in Mac with its new .Net Core: &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/tutorials/your-first-mac-aspnet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/tutorials/your-first-mac-aspnet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suspect that if Selenium works Appium would also work, but I think you are on your own. Certainly when you run into trouble, you will be one of the only trying and doing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java looks a lot like C#, so maybe the switch is not so hard as you think it is. &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/471448/tips-for-moving-from-c-sharp-to-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/471448/tips-for-moving-from-c-sharp-to-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-13T20:24:39.210" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2755" CreationDate="2017-02-13T21:42:21.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After opening the browser (Selenium2Library.Open Browser), I used the AutoItLibrary  keywords as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Win Activate    Windows Security&#xA;Send    &amp;lt;username&amp;gt;{TAB}&#xA;Send    &amp;lt;password&amp;gt;{Enter}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works for gc,ff and ie... for ff &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Desired Capabilities need to be set in the Open Browser command. (${preferences} =   Create Dictionary   webdriver_accept_untrusted_certs    true    webdriver_assume_untrusted_issuer   false)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;profile needs to be set as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;profile setting as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Close down any running Firefox instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Start Firefox (the one you're going to run your tests with) with the profile manager: firefox -ProfileManager&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Create a new profile. You'll be prompted to choose a directory for the profile. Put it somewhere inside the project where you're writing the tests.&#xA;Select the profile and run Firefox using it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Browse to the HTTPS URL (with self-signed certificate) you're going to be testing against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Accept the self-signed certificate when prompted. This creates an exception for it in the profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Close the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to the Firefox profile directory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Delete everything in the directory except for the cert_override.txt and cert8.db files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you run your Selenium server pass a &lt;code&gt;-firefoxProfileTemplate /path/to/profile/dir&lt;/code&gt; argument to it. This tells Selenium to use your partial profile (with certificate exceptions) as a basis for minting its new profile. So you get the certificate exceptions, but without any of the other clutter you would get if you used a whole profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24075" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T02:53:13.837" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T02:53:13.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25472" CreationDate="2017-02-14T08:50:23.600" Score="-1" ViewCount="74" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing an App with an &lt;code&gt;Attendance&lt;/code&gt; feature, containing an employee's Arrival Time, Departure, Overtime, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Case: If &lt;code&gt;Attendance&lt;/code&gt; data that has been saved in the database is changed, the relevant employee will get a warning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have changed the data via the database, and the warning works properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some other ways to test this feature or tools I can use to manipulate the data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T12:45:36.670" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T12:45:36.670" Title="A method or tool to Manipulate Employee's Attendance data" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25432" CreationDate="2017-02-14T09:06:37.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this same issue lately, testing without SRS or the SRS lack of details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll share my to-do list when meet this situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Know your client or at least think as a normal user that will use the App.&#xA;Make a list about what most user do with this App.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Ask myself about Why I want to make this App?, how people use this App?, Is it good enough for me?, etc. And from this question I make a simple SRS, or I prefer to called it &quot;my own standard&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Without SRS or the SRS lack of details, it means it will be a lot more bugs to catch, since QA define the App's standard it self, so the testing process will get more rough, to avoid miss the deadline, test it as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.And if the 3 to-do list above still doesn't meet user requirements, it means get ready for Change Requirement and a lot of Overtime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-When there is no standard, try to make one-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21258" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T09:06:37.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17918" CreationDate="2017-02-14T10:30:43.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First option&lt;/strong&gt; you have is to ask your developers to create a version of the application without ads. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advantages - No ads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantages - You will not be testing the exact same code as you plan to release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can disable only fullscreen ad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think there is no best way to do this. Stable automate checks or checking the exact same code as you plan to release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second option&lt;/strong&gt; is to catch if ad is visible, and press back button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example (example fo Android):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected boolean checkAdvert(AppiumDriver&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; driver, int timeout) {&#xA;    By adTree = By.xpath(&quot;//hierarchy/android.widget.FrameLayout[1]/android.widget.LinearLayout[1]/android.widget.FrameLayout[1]/android.widget.RelativeLayout[1]&quot;);&#xA;    Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; adParams = new HashMap&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;    //trying to wait for the ad to come up and then click the Expense button&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.context(&quot;NATIVE_APP&quot;);           &#xA;    FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; await = new FluentWait&amp;lt;WebDriver&amp;gt; (driver)&#xA;            .withTimeout(timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;            .pollingEvery(500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)&#xA;            .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);&#xA;    try {&#xA;        await.until (ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(driver.findElement(adTree)));&#xA;        // go BACK to eliminate the popup&#xA;        adParams.clear();&#xA;        adParams.put(&quot;keySequence&quot;, &quot;BACK&quot;);&#xA;        driver.executeScript(&quot;mobile:presskey&quot;, adParams);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Press the back button to get out of ad&quot;);&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    } catch (Exception t) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;no ad showed up&quot;);&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and use this in page object class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void addExp(String desc, String amount) {&#xA;    do {&#xA;        try  {&#xA;            driver.context(&quot;WEBVIEW&quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(expDesc).sendKeys(desc);&#xA;            driver.findElement(expAmnt).sendKeys(amount);&#xA;            adClick = false;&#xA;        } catch (NoSuchElementException ne) {&#xA;            adClick = checkAdvert(driver, 1);&#xA;            if (!adClick) throw ne;&#xA;        }&#xA;    } while (adClick);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://community.perfectomobile.com/series/25427-perfecto-engineer-in-selenium-and-appium-with-java-course-training/posts/1129694-dismiss-a-popup-advertisement-while-automating-an-app&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dismiss a popup advertisement while automating an app&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you must remember that ads may be different, you can try to find universal selector. But I think it will hard to cover all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;adTree = By.xpath(&quot;//hierarchy/android.widget.FrameLayout[1]/android.widget.LinearLayout[1]/android.widget.FrameLayout[1]/android.widget.RelativeLayout[1]&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11368" LastEditorUserId="11368" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T18:17:51.320" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T18:17:51.320" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25468" CreationDate="2017-02-14T12:42:44.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can an employee re-enter their attendance for a date? That's one way to change the data, if it can be done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the app communicate with an API? You could call the API directly to change the data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have the ability to run the app with a debugger or using a tool like Fiddler, you could inspect the data the app sends to the database and change it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the app includes an admin function to edit employee attendance you could log onto the app as an administrator and change the data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you know how the database detects that the data is changed, you could try to work around that: if it's using a trigger to flag changes, there's not much you can do, but if it's comparing an archive of inputs vs stored data, you could edit the archive - which would give you a warning without having changed the stored data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just a few suggestions. I'm sure with a bit of imagination you can think of more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T12:42:44.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25477" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-14T19:23:29.140" Score="2" ViewCount="441" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're starting from a relatively small number of bugs currently, hence my challenge. In other words, bug slippage is currently quite low already, but I have been tasked to make it even lower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we had a situation, for example, where we had a rolling number of e.g. 100 customer-reported bugs open at any given time, then saying something like &quot;reduce this to 50&quot; would be easy. But since the bug slippage is currently quite low (although not yet measured &lt;em&gt;precisely&lt;/em&gt; as it is difficult to do so), I am struggling with a way to come up with targets (numbers or relative numbers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT: Some additional context:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the technology here is web scraping. Web scrapers scrape a large amount of structured data from specific sites, and what the client pays for is the data produced. Before data produced by any spider gets delivered, it goes through QA, often several rounds + fixes until it appears that the data is of sufficient quality. While this testing is manual and therefore not the most efficient, it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; effective. The proportion of data issues that get missed in QA (and caught by customers) is therefore relatively small. The do though find issues, usually for one or some of the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are consuming the data in a way not reproduced by QA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They consume data from a web page or pages that QA didn't have time to check and which differ in some way from most pages being scraped.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The customer has ways of knowing the expected total amount of items to be scraped e.g. from a large e-commerce site that QA do not have&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already know the steps to take to reduce the amount of slippage; that's not the topic of this question. What I am looking for is for &lt;strong&gt;ways to set targets for the reduction in slippage&lt;/strong&gt;, if not in % terms, then at least in some quasi-quantitative way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24085" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T12:59:11.440" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T01:40:45.980" Title="How do I set specific (%) QA targets on reduction in bugs for the year?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25478" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-14T19:49:02.550" Score="5" ViewCount="857" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me re-testing is done when the identified bug was fixed and same test is done where as regression testing is to identify if there is any negative impact on the already tested functions because of the code change or environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24086" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-14T20:28:37.573" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T05:02:48.610" Title="What do you call the testing done in Stage environment - Re-testing or Regression testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25478" CreationDate="2017-02-14T20:05:23.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would term the staging environment regression testing.  However I would avoid identifying the environment as regression tests also run in local and test environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Retesting a specific failed test to make sure that it passes when the bug got fixed is just part of development.  If anything it is the Green phase of Red, Green, Refactor.  Informally it is literally just running the test and making sure it passes.  Call it re-test if desired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I call all previously written tests regression tests.  Tests that I write today to accompany application code effectively become regression tests tomorrow (or even as soon as they are added and pushed to source control).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T20:05:23.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25478" CreationDate="2017-02-14T20:07:42.410" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What do you call the testing done in Stage environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I call it testing on Staging.&lt;/strong&gt; =)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to elaborate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As part of our development process I test changes locally and then again on Staging. I consider this important but there's no naming convention used other than 'testing on staging'. The difference here is the underlying data is different (we have production data) which could lead to different failures and there is a greater level of integration between code changes which could lead to different failures.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;test techniques I choose to use&lt;/strong&gt; (like regression testing, domain testing, functional testing, integration testing, performance testing, mobile testing, etc.) will depend on what my test objective is. (What failures am I looking for?) Some of these techniques I use locally but some I only use on Staging due to server differences, accessibility, etc.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When we fix issues I will do some regression testing around the fix (running the same test as before) but then I'll also try to come up with some new tests that maybe I didn't use before. This is especially true if the bug originally blocked a previous test I wanted to run. Mostly I want to find new failures now!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To me re-testing is done when the identified bug was fixed and same test is done where as regression testing is to identify if there is any negative impact on the already tested functions because of the code change or environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These could be different or they could be the same. If your plan is to run the same tests as you ran before to find regressions then both re-testing and regression testing are the same. If you plan to create new tests to reveal new failures about components or features you've already tested, you could call this re-testing those features (although you'd be re-testing in a different way). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T20:07:42.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25477" CreationDate="2017-02-14T20:27:45.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand you correctly your defect ratio is all ready very low. What effort are you going to put in reducing it to an even lower percentages? Question the ROI here, even if you technically show its possible to lower the slippage, maybe it is not worth it money wise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless I believe in trends, if you want a good year target the trend should be going down. If you want to use statistics read up on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;significant&lt;/a&gt;, your minimal target should meet the significant boundary. This is something you can calculate based on previous year defect ratio data. Maybe a data scientist within your company can help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to take the ratio of defects vs changes in account. If more new crawlers or features are added then also expect an higher amount of defects. You could use a &lt;em&gt;changes vs defects&lt;/em&gt; metric, but in larger products complexity might also play a big role as a third axis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would rather execute a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analyses&lt;/a&gt; for each defect and find a way to prevent it the future. Metrics can give you a false sense of security if you do not define it well enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T20:27:45.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25478" CreationDate="2017-02-14T20:35:41.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with most testing terminology questions, this depends on the company or industry you reside. When in doubt ask what it means where you hear the terms. The environment where they are executed in should not matter much, but a lot of folks mis-use testing terms. So always ask what they mean by it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like these definitions as found on Guru99:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Regression testing is carried out to confirm whether a recent program&#xA;  or code change has not adversely affected existing features&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Re-testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Re-testing is carried out to confirm the test cases that failed in the&#xA;  final execution are passing after the defects are fixed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The blog post has a lot more context when comparing the two, read it here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/re-testing-vs-regression-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/re-testing-vs-regression-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T20:35:41.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25477" CreationDate="2017-02-14T20:41:58.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend not setting specific % targets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on championing quality and measuring what the company values as quality.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn what clients consider to be their performance targets which will differ from client to client.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See if you can find data to reflect bottom line savings for profit making companies.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get senior management buy-in to long term quality.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn more about your customer demographics so you can address specific concerns.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T12:29:10.097" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T12:29:10.097" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24477" CreationDate="2017-02-14T21:26:38.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way that you can do this is by using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser&#xA;  .url(function(result) {&#xA;    //match result.value to expression here&#xA;  })&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the best way I've been able to get the URL and doing any kind of matching with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T13:35:49.987" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:35:49.987" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25485" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25487" CreationDate="2017-02-14T21:32:17.317" Score="8" ViewCount="1813" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working for a small testing consultation firm. We are trying to compete against other testing consultation companies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Soon, I will finish my deployment at a client site; the nature of my work here is to deploy automated test scripts to test website. Given a website will surely undergo update, so my scripts need maintenance as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My client does not understand why scripts need maintenance, she said: &quot;We want to run your tests for years to come.&quot; Her expectation is completely unrealistic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have in mind is: I offer my client free code maintenance in the future. This way, we can build a good relationship with this client. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But before putting my offer forward, I want to know your opinions here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T11:35:37.127" Title="Should I offer my client free code maintenance?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-15T13:00:27.430" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25486" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-14T21:38:04.373" Score="2" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a Stg Deployment uses a different Package as Production does, can it really be called &quot;Staging&quot;? &#xA;Isn't it at this point another &quot;System Integration&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The setup is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pileline: Dev &gt; CI &gt; Stg &gt; Prod&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Application: A MultiConfiguration Project (say C# Mvc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configurations:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dev &gt;&gt; Dev DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CI/QA &gt;&gt; CI DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Staging&quot; &gt;&gt; Stg DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production &gt;&gt; Prod DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stack: AWS CloudFormation Template&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ELB with N EC2 Hosting the &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RDS Hosting the DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aspects we are interested to test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IAM Security Roles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SecurityGroup: Even if both were created with the same template, but are different entities (and can be manually edited separately), is it really &quot;staging&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CodeDeploy: If it uses a different Revision, is it really &quot;staging&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EC2 &gt;&gt; RDS connectivity: If it's a different DNS, is it really &quot;staging&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New App to current DB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SSL certificates&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question is more &lt;em&gt;philosophical&lt;/em&gt; than anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a Blue/Green deployment, you deploy to blue, and if it's good enough, then you promote it to green by swapping them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in a Staging/Prod deployment, the idea is that the artifact being pushed will work the same way as in production, reducing to almost 0 of any non-forseen environment issues. Kinda of pushing to &quot;blue&quot; and then to &quot;green&quot; w/o the swap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if the &quot;staging&quot; environment is a full &quot;clone&quot; of the environment, than your risk rises as any ephimeral discrepancy might affect your release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without this, the &quot;Staging&quot; environment becomes yet another &quot;SI&quot; environment, leaving you w/o a proper 'stg/prod' or 'blue/green prod' deployment strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18799" LastEditorUserId="18799" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T17:25:29.413" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T17:25:29.413" Title="Is it true &quot;staging&quot; if it uses a different configuration file than prod?" Tags="&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25485" CreationDate="2017-02-14T21:39:35.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a testing professional, you are aiming to provide your client the best service, it is admirable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal opinions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you able to make such an offer on your company's behalf? Do you have a regional manager that you need to answer to? If there is such a manager, please discuss this with your manager first. Please &lt;strong&gt;DO NOT&lt;/strong&gt; make any decisions on your own. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your client said &quot;&lt;strong&gt;We want to run your tests for years to come.&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, my take on this is &quot;We want to run your tests for years to come with maintenance&quot;, not &quot;We want to run your tests for years to come without maintenance.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you offer free maintenance to your client, how can you be sure that you will be available when they need you? What if you are contracted to a different customer? This is another reason you need to discuss with your manager first. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have internal knowledge passing as well? What if you leave your current firm, who will be looking after your scripts? If you want to provide the best client service, you need to pass on your scripts / knowledge within your firm as well so that others can pick up what you have left them with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please discuss with your manager before making a move.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T21:39:35.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25485" CreationDate="2017-02-14T21:48:53.813" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does your competitor offer something similar and if not, why not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Really in business nothing is free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Charge extra upfront during develop to cover the costs longterm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Offer a subscription on maintenance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Offer todo maintenance as long you get new work from the client&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I have hired some contractors to help us with test-automation. Mostly this is project based work and they handover the knowledge to testers or engineers and leave. This is what I would expect, transfer the knowledge to maintain the work to actual employees of your client. Reserve time for this in your offer, or per hour as needed by your client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have some &quot;free&quot; (only cover my exact costs, not hours) clients which I help with website hosting and website maintenance. I wish I never offered it so cheaply as it is impossible to move them to another person who asks a reasonable fee, but compared to mine it is outrageous, just because I am too cheap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T21:48:53.813" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25432" CreationDate="2017-02-14T21:58:57.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I would normally approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Talk to the developers : For me this is the starting point. This will give me an idea of what requirements they used and importantly access to the system design. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cross checking with the business/users on the discussions with developers : This will be the base for my testing. Discussions with the business/users will definitely help in defining and refining the requirements. Document the findings (at least email ) and get the consent from the team and the business. the requirements will not be a functional requirement spec, but at least you'll have some requirements to work with from a business perspective. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Exploring : with the little understanding you have on the system, it's time to explore. There'll be lot of questions. But having questions will help understanding the requirements properly. At least it'll start a discussion among the key stakeholders which eventually refine the requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Refer the Defects : I usually refer both open and closed defects. More often than not, you can find the fine tuned requirements within the comment threads on defects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;key word here is, &lt;strong&gt;ask lot of questions&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12676" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T21:58:57.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25485" CreationDate="2017-02-14T22:04:43.800" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming this decision is up to you, if you think you can easily maintain the existing scripts in the short term, 'free' might be reasonable to help build the relationship with this client.  However, I would scope the length of time you will do this and getting a plan in place to transfer the knowledge to the client for general maintenance (anything long would require additional payment).  I would also scope the kinds of changes/maintenance that you would be doing for free.  If you plan to transfer the knowledge to the client over 6 month's time, but they are doing something that would cause you to have to rewrite the scripts then that is an instance you should be paid for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How confident are you that this would get you future work with this client/is it worth it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can you scope the amount of work you are committing to?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T22:04:43.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25485" CreationDate="2017-02-14T22:23:45.787" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Explain to the client &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; the scripts will need to be updated until they understand more clearly, then give them options and let them decide how to proceed.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Openness, honesty and transparency are helpful in gaining trust.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T22:23:45.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3537" CreationDate="2017-02-14T23:17:46.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;instead of setting up a Grid you can run performance tests using webdriver + phantom js.  Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/redline13-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NPM module&lt;/a&gt; and then a blog post on launching at scale with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.redline13.com/blog/2017/02/selenium-webdriver-cloud-performance-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;redline13&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The gist is to build a controller that spins up AWS instances, starts the tests, captures performance results, and effectively shuts down the EC2 instances to not incur extra cost.  I have seen a 5,0000 PhantomJS test for about $10.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24087" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T23:17:46.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25486" CreationDate="2017-02-14T23:22:47.023" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather than argue over the definition of staging, consider asking (1) what goals your staging environment needs achieve and (2) whether the approach you described meets those goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Random people on the Internet can't answer those questions for you; you and your organization need to decide them for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-02-14T23:22:47.023" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25485" CreationDate="2017-02-15T01:45:51.760" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having suffered through &quot;free maintenance&quot; clients before, I would strongly caution you to tighten the scope on this offer. Clients are human and will, generally unintentionally, take advantage of any free resource at their disposal. By limiting your offer to X hours over Y months, you give them a transition time to in-house the testing scripts or agree to a maintenance contract with your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another perspective: If this client limits their requests to only an hour of work per week, after 40 clients, you will have a full-time employee whose sole job is client maintenance with no revenue brought in. That's a hard strain on any small business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your intentions are admirable, but, in the end, they don't make good business sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24089" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T01:45:51.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25478" CreationDate="2017-02-15T05:02:48.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Re-testing is done if you re-test a functionality after fix.  Regression testing is done for all functionalities just to ensure that due to new change existing features/functionalities should not fail and should work fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On staging environment, there is no specific term defined however you can call it regression on staging or whatever understandable within team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24094" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T05:02:48.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8108" CreationDate="2017-02-15T05:38:31.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing Process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  We get any new project there is an initial project familiarity meeting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)  Discuss on who is the client? What is the project duration and when is its delivery? Who are all involved in the project i.e. manager, Tech leads, QA leads, developers, testers etc.?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)  Software Test plan&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4)  Developers start coding from the design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5)  The project work is divided into different modules and these project modules are distributed among the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6)  Tester is to create test scenario and write test cases according to the assigned modules. We try to cover almost all the functional test cases &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7)  When developers finish the individual modules, those modules are assigned to the testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8)  Smoke testing is performed on these modules and if they fail this test, modules are reassigned to the respective developers for a fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9)  If any bug is found that gets assigned to the module developer and get logged in bug tracking tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10)  On bug fix, a tester does bug verification and regression testing of all related modules&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;11)  Different tests are performed on individual modules and integration testing on module integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;12)  These tests include Compatibility testing i.e. testing application on different hardware, OS versions, software platform, different browsers etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;13)  On passing all the test cases test report is prepared and the decision is taken to release the product!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;14)  Process of project life cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21165" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T05:38:31.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25504" CreationDate="2017-02-15T07:10:11.303" Score="2" ViewCount="3565" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a manual tester from past 2 years(mostly worked on web applications) in one of the software testing company and now I have just started functional testing on mobile devices. My App on iOS device is crashing out frequently and my developer suggested me to share the crash logs for the same so that he can debug the issue but I have no idea about it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use Windows 7 machine here. Can anyone please help me on how to get the crash logs for iOS app from my Windows Machine? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T10:16:02.610" Title="How to get iOS App crash logs from Windows machine" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-15T16:12:13.993" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-15T07:26:28.500" Score="0" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;I make the APK and IPA build for the weekly releases and I upload them to dropbox and send the link to the customer.&#xA;Is there any other better-automated way to share the final IPA / APK file with the customer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T12:11:08.980" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T12:11:08.980" Title="Better way to distribute releases" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;release&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-02-15T12:12:35.687" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25499" CreationDate="2017-02-15T08:04:59.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For beta distribution, you can use for example fabric.io (free), and upload binaries with gradle (android) and Fastlane (ios). If you configure fabric in your apps, you have also dashboards with crashes, and much more data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Configuration for gradle (Android):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.fabric.io/android/beta/gradle.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Distribution with Gradle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Configuration for fastlane (iOS):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.fastlane.tools/actions/#crashlytics&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Upload a new build to Crashlytics Beta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use this on Continous Integration system, what I recommend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11368" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T08:04:59.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25498" CreationDate="2017-02-15T09:23:34.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as a functional engineer in qa outsourcing company, where we provide qa services to the offshore companies. We work on both automation &amp;amp; manual testing and clients (Development Team) always ask us for the Crash logs, so that they can easily debug the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following are the steps, that we follow to get the crash logs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install iTools (Freeware) on Windows device.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect iphone to the machine using USB.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The device will be auto detected by the windows machine.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open iTools and wait till your iphone is visible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to the menu: Advance option&gt; Crash Reports&gt; then sort your crash report date wise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please feel free to ask, if you need crash logs on the Mac machine as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T09:23:34.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25485" CreationDate="2017-02-15T10:11:36.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are providing a service to your client.  This is to build the test suite for their product.  If the client makes changes to other aspects which breaks your work, it is not your responsibility to fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To take an analogy, if I paint your wall and you pay me for that work, if your kid draws on it, it is not my responsibility to re-paint it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, don't close the door to recurring income.  Offer a small maintenance fee on a monthly basis which over time will total more than the work as a one-off item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T10:11:36.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25498" CreationDate="2017-02-15T10:16:02.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://help.getpocket.com/article/1098-how-to-find-the-iphone-ipad-app-crash-logs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; provides the steps below for windows users&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Windows Vista/7 Users&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open any Windows Explorer Window (My Computer, My Documents, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enter %appdata%, and press enter&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Navigate to Roaming &gt; Apple computer &gt; Logs &gt; CrashReporter &gt; Mobile Device &gt; &lt;em&gt;Device Name&lt;/em&gt;. (Note: your device name appears in iTunes on the left side, under 'Devices')&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will see at least one item starting with 'ReadItLaterPro'. Copy any that you find to your Desktop.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attach the file(s) to your reply, or send them to support [at] getpocket [dot] com.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T10:16:02.610" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-15T10:46:31.203" Score="-1" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the best security and performance tool as a fresher tester i should know? I am new to the testing field and my seniors have asked me to learn tools for performance and security testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23846" LastEditorUserId="23846" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T11:22:21.170" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T11:22:21.170" Title="Best security and performance testing tool as a fresher tester" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-15T16:37:19.530" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25499" CreationDate="2017-02-15T10:52:30.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I usually don't like &quot;what's the best tool for&quot; questions, but the answer to this is too good to ignore &lt;a href=&quot;https://hockeyapp.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hockeyapp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After simple registration apps are pushed to your device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T10:52:30.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25508" CreationDate="2017-02-15T11:34:52.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no &quot;silver bullet&quot; tool which would be the best, it totally depends on your application technologies, infrastructure, your experience in terms of programming languages, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list of tools is quite easy to to figure out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Appendix_A:_Testing_Tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Security Testing Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/category/performance/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Testing Tools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you might want to narrow them down according to your requirements, i.e. take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; guide for example investigation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T11:34:52.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25485" CreationDate="2017-02-15T11:35:37.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can offer free maintenance for some time. But after that particular time period you can charge as per mutual negotiations between you and client. Within time period you should convince client why maintenance of code is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as others suggested it should not be only your decision, your whole team should be part of the decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24102" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T11:35:37.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25514" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-15T16:03:49.107" Score="4" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for a way to measure the efficiency of software testing I came upon the following formula&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Testing Efficiency = (No. of defects Resolved / Total No. of Defects Submitted)* 100&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-efficiency-testing-in-software/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this does not look like a measure for testing efficiency, but more for &lt;em&gt;resolving&lt;/em&gt; the found defects. Finding the defects is one thing, to fix them is not a testers responsibility. So how can it be a 'Testing efficiency', in what sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what does the actual number say? 0% means none of the defects have been resolved, 100% means all of the defects have been resolved. What does a number of '80%' signify? Is it just a number reflecting the current state of a software release to see that 80% of the defects have been fixed? Can I see more from that number? Does the time-distribution tell me something with more insights?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5910" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T17:58:33.537" Title="Whats the meaning of this 'Testing efficiency' number?" Tags="&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;efficiency&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25514" CreationDate="2017-02-15T16:20:34.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like a lot of other metrics it doesn't mean a lot, especially on its own. Suppose you combine this with a &quot;code coverage&quot; metric and a &quot;defects found in production&quot; metric- you can get some meaning out of it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The name might refer to something like &quot;how good was the product tested&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T16:20:34.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25514" CreationDate="2017-02-15T17:19:13.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing efficiency, among other metrics, is a merely a guideline. It does not tell the whole picture, it has to be put into context in order to make some sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is more of an indication used by management when they make an assessment. E.g. when a senior manager asks a project lead, &quot;Recently we have put some investment into fixing defects, how does it go?&quot; A project lead may use testing efficiency to demonstrate how effective the money is spent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One scenario I found interesting is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test manager I used to work for was very fond of measuring his team's efficiency with sprint story points. Once, we had a meeting, he showed that this team's efficiency dropped during last sprint as the story points we completed was 1 point less than previous records. He spent the entire 1 hour meeting discussing why our efficiency dropped. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Metrics like sprint story points and testing efficiency are more of guidelines, they are not strictly quantitive and should be combined with other metrics in order to get the whole picture. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T17:19:13.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23701" CreationDate="2017-02-15T18:48:29.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try to dump page source and parse it, or dump only element source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page source to pageSource variable (Java):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String pageSource = driver.getPageSource();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Element source to elementSource variable (Java):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id&quot;));&#xA;String elementSource = element.getAttribute(&quot;innerHTML&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11368" LastEditorUserId="11368" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T19:20:17.520" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T19:20:17.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25514" CreationDate="2017-02-15T19:29:00.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Efficiency is a measure of the relevance of the bugs being reported. A low efficiency would imply that the test team are reporting many bugs that aren't worth fixing.  This is pretty limited, and simplistic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had better success with a pie chart that shows the &quot;resolution&quot; for all of the resolved bugs.  This shows the resolution categories like &quot;fixed&quot;, &quot;Cannot reproduce&quot;, &quot;duplicate of another bug&quot;, &quot;won't fix - business decision&quot;, etc... &#xA;This pie chart allowed us to have a conversation about test efficiency.  Turns out, we were opening lots of bugs that were duplicates - so we added a search capability to the bug tracking system.  Also, lots of bugs were closed for business decision, but the PM didn't review. So, we added a PM review before closing bugs like that. Before this, we were only fixing 50% of the bugs reported. Afterwards, it was 80%.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to put a number on what is good, but the measure can allow you to ask &quot;is this a problem?&quot;, and then give some insights on how to fix the problem if it exists. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T17:58:33.537" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T17:58:33.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17810" CreationDate="2017-02-15T19:43:48.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another approach could be to use a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis to guide &amp;amp; prioritize your testing.  The FMEA analysis is usually a spreadsheet, where you identify potential scenarios/flaws, then rate each on several dimensions. Usually, the probability of it happening, the consequence if it does happen, and the ability of the system to detect if its happening.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This analysis helps you prioritize testing, and maybe more importantly, potential redesign.  For example, if you have a scenario that has high probably, high consequence, and no ability to detect - that is an extremely risky scenario. You should test it thoroughly, or better - redesign to reduce one or more of those dimensions (add monitoring, reduce probability, etc.) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look up FMEA for templates.  Wikipedia has a good article: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode_and_effects_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode_and_effects_analysis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;John&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T19:43:48.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25477" CreationDate="2017-02-15T19:57:29.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is what I do, maybe this will be helpful.  First, for all customer issues, we do a root cause analysis - but capture 2 bits of information: the true root cause AND the reason the bug slipped through.  You can see the template of the analysis here in &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.ruberto.com/2013/04/root-cause-analysis-for-software-problems/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article about RCA&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you should have a breakdown, by percentage, of the bugs that slip.  For example, 22% data consumption, 45% no time, 18% large-data, 15% other...   Then, think about which reasons you can affect by making improvements.  So, in this scenario - maybe the &quot;no time&quot; category is largest and most in your control.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T19:57:29.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25522" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-15T21:59:44.393" Score="1" ViewCount="125" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have to report case daily to Bugzilla (includes files, many fields).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see Bugzilla plugin available for Jenkins. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins is inside our infrastructure, while Bugzilla is at client's end (cannot be modified).&#xA;We can modify Jenkins at it is under our administration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to automate the case reporting to Bugzilla through Jenkins without modifying Bugzilla configuration?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24119" LastEditorUserId="24119" LastEditDate="2017-02-15T22:22:18.890" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T06:54:55.780" Title="Report a case on Bugzilla through Jenkins" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;bugzilla&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25522" CreationDate="2017-02-15T22:29:07.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could ask whether the client's Bugzilla is configured to accept tickets over email.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2791494/how-can-i-create-a-ticket-from-an-email&quot;&gt;this Stackoverflow question&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to run something on the client side that can receive messages from you and then interact with Bugzilla.  Alternatively, it might poll something at your office to receive Bugzilla requests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-02-15T22:29:07.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25526" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-16T05:45:57.440" Score="0" ViewCount="1352" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can I run JMeter in VM? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will I get accurate performance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24124" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T12:48:06.860" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T12:48:06.860" Title="Running JMeter when application is deployed in VM" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-16T07:08:35.103" Score="1" ViewCount="1522" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a testing framework using Cucumber, Selenium and Maven. I am using the cucumber-jvm-parallel plugin to run my tests in parallel. Below is how my pom.xml looks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;project xmlns=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0&quot;&#xA;     xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&#xA;     xsi:schemaLocation=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;modelVersion&amp;gt;4.0.0&amp;lt;/modelVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.tests&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;test-project&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;Test Project&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;1.8&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;1.8&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;UTF-8&amp;lt;/project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;cucumber.version&amp;gt;1.2.3&amp;lt;/cucumber.version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;extentreports.version&amp;gt;2.41.0&amp;lt;/extentreports.version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;selenium.version&amp;gt;2.53.1&amp;lt;/selenium.version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;cucumber.jvm.parallel.version&amp;gt;2.1.0&amp;lt;/cucumber.jvm.parallel.version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.github.temyers&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.jvm.parallel.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.12&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.assertj&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;assertj-core&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.7.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${selenium.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.sitture&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-jvm-extentreport&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.0.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.directory.studio&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;org.apache.commons.codec&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.8&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-picocontainer&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.3&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.vimalselvam&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-extentsreport&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.1.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;profiles&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;profile&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;win&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;activation&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;os&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;family&amp;gt;windows&amp;lt;/family&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/os&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/activation&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;webdriver.chrome.path&amp;gt;${basedir}${file.separator}resources${file.separator}chromedriver.exe&amp;lt;/webdriver.chrome.path&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/profile&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;profile&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;linux&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;activation&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;os&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;family&amp;gt;!windows&amp;lt;/family&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/os&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/activation&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;webdriver.chrome.path&amp;gt;resources${file.separator}chromedriver&amp;lt;/webdriver.chrome.path&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/profile&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/profiles&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-compiler-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;fork&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/fork&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.github.temyers&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${cucumber.jvm.parallel.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;generateRunners&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;phase&amp;gt;generate-test-sources&amp;lt;/phase&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;generateRunners&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;outputDirectory&amp;gt;${project.build.directory}/generated-test-sources/cucumber&amp;lt;/outputDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;featuresDirectory&amp;gt;src/test/resources/features&amp;lt;/featuresDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;cucumberOutputDir&amp;gt;target/cucumber-parallel&amp;lt;/cucumberOutputDir&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;format&amp;gt;json,html,rerun&amp;lt;/format&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;strict&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/strict&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;monochrome&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/monochrome&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;useTestNG&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/useTestNG&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;namingPattern&amp;gt;Parallel{c}IT&amp;lt;/namingPattern&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;namingScheme&amp;gt;simple&amp;lt;/namingScheme&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;parallelScheme&amp;gt;FEATURE&amp;lt;/parallelScheme&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;glue&amp;gt;com.cucumber.stepdefinitions&amp;lt;/glue&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;tags&amp;gt;&quot;~@ignore&quot;&amp;lt;/tags&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;filterFeaturesByTags&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/filterFeaturesByTags&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.19&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;additionalClasspathElements&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;additionalClasspathElement&amp;gt;resources&amp;lt;/additionalClasspathElement&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/additionalClasspathElements&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;!-- Increase Fork Count to increase parallel execution count.&#xA;                Currently it is set to 2 which means 2 runners will run in parallel--&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;forkCount&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/forkCount&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;reuseForks&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/reuseForks&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;includes&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;**/Parallel*IT.java&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/includes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-release-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.2.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;default&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;perform&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;pomFileName&amp;gt;${basedir}${file.separator}pom.xml&amp;lt;/pomFileName&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;mvn clean install&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to run my suite. After the run is complete, I have a downstream job that generates some failed cases file. I create separate runners for these. Now I was looking to rerun failed test cases and I have created files called failedScenario1.java, failedScenario2.java and so on. I would now like to run these. I am assuming I need to define something similar to &lt;em&gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&lt;/em&gt; in the above POM and trigger the run. Can someone please let me know how I can include this is the same POM . Also how can I trigger this run for failedScenario*.java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T07:08:35.103" Title="Specifying and running multiple goals in Maven" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25526" CreationDate="2017-02-16T07:13:36.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter runs on top of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_virtual_machine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java Virtual Machine&lt;/a&gt; therefore it doesn't care about underlying operating system and hardware so the answer is &lt;strong&gt;yes&lt;/strong&gt;, you can run JMeter on virtual machine. Moreover, there are several service providers which offer &quot;JMeter as a service&quot; and they run JMeter using cloud VM services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://azure.microsoft.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microsoft Azure&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amazon EC2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just make sure you monitor your VM resources like CPU, RAM and Swap usage along with Disk and Network IO to ensure that JMeter has enough headroom for operating, otherwise you may run into a situation when throughput is low because JMeter is not able to send requests fast enough. The majority of operating systems have bundled programs and commands which allow to monitor baseline OS health metrics, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PerfMon JMeter Plugin&lt;/a&gt; which can be integrated with your load test. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-monitor-your-server-health-performance-during-jmeter-load-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Monitor Your Server Health &amp;amp; Performance During a JMeter Load Test&lt;/a&gt; article for plugin installation and configuration instructions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T07:13:36.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-16T11:46:42.217" Score="0" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am building a testing framework, my objective is to test many websites that have similar pages with light difference between each other using this framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an issue where I want WebElements Selectors to be dynamic, which means that I want to pass the way I want to find the element as a parameter to FindElement method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to build something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class WebComponent&#xA;        {&#xA;            public int ID { get; set; }&#xA;            public string Name { get; set; }&#xA;            public string Description { get; set; }&#xA;            public IWebElement WebElement{get;set;}&#xA;            public Accessor Accessor { get; set; }&#xA;            public WebComponent()&#xA;            {&#xA;                Accessor = new Accessor();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;public class Accessor&#xA;{&#xA;    OpenQA.Selenium.By By { get; set; }&#xA;    public string Value { get; set; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And later in my code when I want to have instance of this class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebComponent component = new WebComponent();&#xA;component.ID = 1;&#xA;component.Name = &quot;Logout Button&quot;;&#xA;component.Description = &quot;The button to click when user wants to logout of website&quot;;&#xA;component.Accessor.By = By.Id;&#xA;component.Accessor.Value = &quot;logout&quot;;&#xA;component.WebElement = Browser.Driver.FindElement(//missing code);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is how can I find the WebElement using component.Accessor, any advice or suggested edits will be much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T06:13:22.380" Title="Selenium Dynamic Selectors for WebElements" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25531" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-16T11:55:34.383" Score="0" ViewCount="1152" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a HTTP Response from JMETER as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[{&quot;Id&quot;:null,&quot;Message&quot;:&quot;2578W,&quot;,&quot;IsError&quot;:false}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to pass the message &quot;2578W&quot; into the next HTTP request. I am using the Regular Expression Extractor in JMETER. and passing the values as:&#xA;Apply to Main Sample and sub-sample&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Field to Check : Body&#xA;Reference Name: ${Message}&#xA;Regular Expression: [{&quot;Id&quot;:null,&quot;Message&quot;:&quot;(.*?),&quot;,&quot;IsError&quot;:false}]&#xA;Match No. 1&#xA;Default Value: Not found&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24131" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T12:11:05.993" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:42:40.670" Title="Not able to parse value using Regular Expression Extractor in JMETER" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25531" CreationDate="2017-02-16T12:39:20.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the folllowing regex:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;,&quot;Message&quot;:&quot;(.*)&quot;,&quot;.* &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can experiment easily on &lt;a href=&quot;https://regex101.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link.&lt;/a&gt; Your original regex matches much much more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T08:42:40.670" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:42:40.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25751" CreationDate="2017-02-16T13:25:18.210" Score="-1" ViewCount="1177" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning automation with selenium and I'm a bit blocked at the moment with one element. I don't know why it is considered as not visible but elements similar to this one on another part of the website are considered as visible and I don't experience any issue to click on them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To present you the concerned part, this is how it looks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/15ZZL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/15ZZL.png&quot; alt=&quot;Calendar&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a calendar with different shifts, there are three separated parts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I try to click on the orange shift, I have an error which tells me that this element isn't visible. But on my other scripts which perform the same kind of action but on the other shifts it works well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My script is the following one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    # Check if the shift is on the schedule or not.&#xA;if (len(admin.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@data-shift-date='%s']/div/div[@class='shift-details']&quot; %date))!=0 ):&#xA;   print &quot;The unassigned shift is scheduled, good&quot;&#xA;else:&#xA;   print &quot;The unassigned shift is not scheduled, issue&quot;&#xA;   sauce_client.jobs.update_job(admin.session_id, passed=False)&#xA;   admin.quit();&#xA;   sys.exit()&#xA;&#xA;# The part above works&#xA;# Publish the shift&#xA;# Open the shift&#xA;element = admin.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@data-shift-date='%s']/div/div[@class='shift-details']&quot; %date)&#xA;actions.move_to_element(element)&#xA;actions.click(element)&#xA;actions.perform()&#xA;admin.implicitly_wait(10)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if I try this way it doesn't work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Publish the shift&#xA;# Open the shift&#xA;admin.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@data-shift-date='%s']/div/div[@class='shift-details']&quot; %date).click()&#xA;admin.implicitly_wait(10)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML of the orange element is the following one:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UwdBQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UwdBQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;HTML code&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;  File &quot;.\Unassigned_shift_basics.py&quot;, line 84, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;    admin.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@data-shift-date='%s']&quot; %date).click()&#xA;  File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-3.0.2-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py&quot;, line 77, in cli&#xA;ck&#xA;    self._execute(Command.CLICK_ELEMENT)&#xA;  File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-3.0.2-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py&quot;, line 494, in _e&#xA;xecute&#xA;    return self._parent.execute(command, params)&#xA;  File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-3.0.2-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;, line 236, in exe&#xA;cute&#xA;    self.error_handler.check_response(response)&#xA;  File &quot;C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\selenium-3.0.2-py2.7.egg\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py&quot;, line 192, in&#xA;check_response&#xA;    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotVisibleException: Message: element not visible&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=55.0.2883.75)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.27.440174 (e97a722caafc2d3a8b807ee115bfb307f7d2cfd9),platform=Mac OS X 10.11.6 x86_64)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="8428" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T02:47:14.497" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T09:39:40.920" Title="Element not visible" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25534" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25546" CreationDate="2017-02-16T14:07:33.187" Score="0" ViewCount="778" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, I have two steps. This is just an example, my step definitions, originally these are written in Russian language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I press the button &quot;Enter&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I have pressed the button &quot;Enter&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as the result we have two methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@When(&quot;^I press the button \&quot;([^\&quot;]*)\&quot;$&quot;)&#xA;public void iPressTheButton(String arg1){ }&#xA;&#xA;@When(&quot;^I have pressed the button \&quot;([^\&quot;]*)\&quot;$&quot;)&#xA;public void iHavePressedTheButton(String arg1){ }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main idea is, that these two methods do the same thing, but due to lexical difference of the description I can't unify them. So, maybe, I need to do something with regExp? In fact we need to say something like that: &quot;If we have 'I press' or 'I have pressed' in the begining of the phrase (... button \&quot;([^\&quot;]*)\&quot;), then we call the function&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or there is some way to do something with annotations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23699" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T02:47:29.057" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:29:48.223" Title="How to write generic Cucumber description?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25531" CreationDate="2017-02-16T14:30:20.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to escape these symbols &lt;code&gt;[]&lt;/code&gt; with backslashes as they are &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html#meta_chars&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expressions Meta Characters&lt;/a&gt; representing character classes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would recommend amending your Regular Expression to look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;\[{&quot;Id&quot;:null,&quot;Message&quot;:&quot;(.+?),&quot;,&quot;IsError&quot;:false}\]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget to set &quot;Template&quot; to &lt;code&gt;$1$&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tvaY1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tvaY1.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Regular Expression&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207421325-Using-RegEx-Regular-Expression-Extractor-with-JMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using RegEx (Regular Expression Extractor) With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more details on performing correlation in JMeter tests using regular expressions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given you getting response in JSON format you may find &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSON_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON Extractor&lt;/a&gt; easier to use, the relevant JSON Path query will be as simple as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$..Message  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T14:30:20.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25533" CreationDate="2017-02-16T14:58:27.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Click on the any other element on the page.&#xA;Then use TAB key to navigate to the exact element you want to click .&#xA;Then hot enter from the keyboard.&#xA;Hope this will work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="12363" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T09:39:40.920" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T09:39:40.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-16T15:59:42.883" Score="2" ViewCount="7397" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been hitting my head against the wall trying to understand this and search Youtube, MSDN and this site but I can't move further with my scripts because of the StaleElementReferenceException. Here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Opens the campaign gallery and Requests the template&#xA;driver.Url = &quot;WEBSITE URL&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//input[@id='ctl00_ctl00_ctl00_Main_Main_Main_SearchTextBox']&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;element.SendKeys(&quot;DPHR&quot;);&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ctl00_ctl00_ctl00_Main_Main_Main_SearchButton&quot;)).Click();&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;ctl00_ctl00_ctl00_Main_Main_Main_rptCampaignTemplates_ctl00_gi_lnkGalleryRequest&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;//Walks through the process of requesting the template and pushing it to pending status&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;lnkGetStarted&quot;)).Click();&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//form/div[9]/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[3]/a/i&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically what is happening is I'm going through a gallery, and I'm trying to utilize the search box and enter text. But the exception gets thrown at &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.SendKeys(&quot;DPHR&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I can understand, it could be because once I click in the text box, the element refreshes and that error is thrown because its an &quot;old&quot; element. But I can't find any resource on how to circumvent this. Any insight is greatly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24137" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T03:00:21.650" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T03:00:21.650" Title="C# WebDriver StaleElementReferenceException" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25538" CreationDate="2017-02-16T16:42:17.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This occurs usually  if  you refresh your page which contains the element , re-defining / re- initializing the element after the refresh solves the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23138" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T16:42:17.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25538" CreationDate="2017-02-16T17:17:33.413" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;StaleElementReferenceException is really common with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To avoid these issues you should be waiting for an element to load before manipulating it (clicking, sending keys, etc). This will reduce the likelihood of something between dependent actions like your click and send keys. I will typically do an explicit wait on a single or multiple related element(s) (with a defined timeout period and a rescue clause in case of timeout) before attempting any action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicit waits (waiting until a specific element has loaded) is typically the way to go. Although to be fair I haven't used C# and don't know if this is the case for every language. Implicit waits (waiting for a define period of time) is less good practice. For a good overview of Explicit vs Implicit waits, go &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/47-waiting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just searching Google I've found a few references that might have some code examples to help you think through adding waits, prior to your click events:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://watirmelon.blog/2014/01/29/waiting-in-c-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://watirmelon.blog/2014/01/29/waiting-in-c-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/c-sharp/advance-explicit-webdriver-waits-in-c/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/c-sharp/advance-explicit-webdriver-waits-in-c/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6992993/selenium-c-sharp-webdriver-wait-until-element-is-present&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6992993/selenium-c-sharp-webdriver-wait-until-element-is-present&lt;/a&gt; -&gt; this answer looks like its recommending implicit waits. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T17:17:33.413" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25538" CreationDate="2017-02-16T21:22:52.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thank you all for your help, I found the answer in stackoverflow. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For those that were having the same issue, here is what I did:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;utilize WebDriverWait&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this, you would have to install the selenium support package and add&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, when you're running into the stale exception, before you attempt to click/add text/etc add the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists((By.Id(&quot;[ENTER ID OF ELEMENT]&quot;))));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically what this does is searches for the element you're attempting to interact with, and once it appears in a usable state, the rest of your code will continue to be executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24139" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T21:22:52.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-02-16T21:50:00.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutely not, testing the functionality and finding defects is the tester job. Just think this way, the more defects you find before the product goes into hands of end user, the more stable the product will be. Remember, fixing the defects during testing phase is less costlier than fixing the defects after product is available to end users. So it is better to find it sooner rather than later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24086" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T21:50:00.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-16T21:56:08.713" Score="2" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a QA lead or QC/tester, in your company/projects, were you involved in the discussions during requirement phase itself or only during or after design/development phase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24086" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T00:52:30.330" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:54:10.267" Title="QA/QC involved in requirements or after requirements / design is complete" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25544" CreationDate="2017-02-16T22:01:50.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preventing bugs is always preferable to catching them. Use the 1/10/100 rule. The cost of catching a bug in production can be an order of magnitude more expensive than catching it in test, which can be an order of magnitude more expensive than catching it before it's been written. QA should strive to be involved earlier in the development cycle in order to help guide the developers to writing relatively bug-free code rather than waiting to catch bugs (and suffering under the constraints of buggy specs.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10875" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T22:01:50.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25534" CreationDate="2017-02-16T22:21:00.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In cases where the implied behaviour of the step is identical; simply rewrite the Gherkin/feature file so that it is consistent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD steps should be written in the third person impersonal form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD steps should be written in a style that focuses on the objective and not in an imperative programming style. What does 'pressing enter' achieve and use that objective.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reconsider if you really need to parametrise &quot;Enter&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You need to learn &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regular-expressions.info/alternation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;regular expressions&lt;/a&gt;, a few examples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;(?:is|are)&lt;/code&gt; - will match 'is' or 'are'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(?:the|an)&lt;/code&gt; - will match either 'the' or 'an' but not capture.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Cats?&lt;/code&gt;      - will match Cat or Cats.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Colou?r&lt;/code&gt;    - will match British Colour or American Color.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-02-16T22:48:22.947" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T22:48:22.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25544" CreationDate="2017-02-16T22:24:50.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The earlier, the better.  In addition to what J Doe says, that the earlier you catch defects, the better, being involved with the design and implementation can lead to more testable code.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, there might be areas of error recovery code that would be difficult to enter in a normal environment, so the code could be restructured, or an additional runtime switch provided, to make it easier to test that code.  Similarly, you can make sure that appropriate types of logging are included that could make verifying certain tests easier.  If you're doing function/white box testing, you can advocate for having modules be as simple as possible, to facilitate test coverage and regression tests.  If you're doing black box testing, you shouldn't be paying too much attention to the design, aside from advocating for more testable code, but you can be an advocate for the end user, in terms of installation, configuration, and documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-02-16T22:24:50.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25548" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-16T23:13:37.657" Score="1" ViewCount="1476" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running Data-driven tests driven from a spreadsheet which are input to TestNG test Framework. In a nutshell, the framework traverses through outlook mailbox and looks for mails based on the subject. Each row in the spreadsheet is the mail subject which is an input to the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String comparisonResult = GetMail.compareMails(scenarioName);&#xA;    Assert.assertNotNull(comparisonResult,&quot;Mail does not exist&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under the hood, &lt;code&gt;comparemails&lt;/code&gt; method compares the subject of the mail passed as a parameter to the method and looks for that mail in the mailbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am asserting for null value when the mail does not exist and reporting with an assertion message - &quot;Mail does not exist in the mailbox.&quot; However the assertion message is not displayed after each test failure, instead is reported a the end of all test runs i.e., after all the rows of the spreadsheet are processed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the assertion fails, I would &lt;strong&gt;expect&lt;/strong&gt; it to print the assertion message on the console immediately and process the next test from the spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, it prints the message at the end of the test all at once like below, assuming there were 5 failures:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[name=null](com.dms.testsuite.Test)  Time elapsed: 66.905 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE!&#xA;java.lang.AssertionError: Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.fail(Assert.java:94)&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.assertNotNull(Assert.java:404)&#xA;at com.dms.testsuite.Test.submitJob(Test.java:110)&#xA;&#xA;[name=null](com.dms.testsuite.Test)  Time elapsed: 83.24 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE!&#xA;java.lang.AssertionError: Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.fail(Assert.java:94)&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.assertNotNull(Assert.java:404)&#xA;at com.dms.testsuite.Test.submitJob(Test.java:110)&#xA;&#xA;[name=null](com.dms.testsuite.Test)  Time elapsed: 51.064 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE!&#xA;java.lang.AssertionError: Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.fail(Assert.java:94)&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.assertNotNull(Assert.java:404)&#xA;at com.dms.testsuite.Test.submitJob(Test.java:110)&#xA;&#xA;[name=null](com.dms.testsuite.Test)  Time elapsed: 51.735 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE!&#xA;java.lang.AssertionError: Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.fail(Assert.java:94)&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.assertNotNull(Assert.java:404)&#xA;at com.dms.testsuite.Test.submitJob(Test.java:110)&#xA;&#xA;[name=null](com.dms.testsuite.Test)  Time elapsed: 67.177 sec  &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt; FAILURE!&#xA;java.lang.AssertionError: Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.fail(Assert.java:94)&#xA;at org.testng.Assert.assertNotNull(Assert.java:404)&#xA;at com.dms.testsuite.Test.submitJob(Test.java:110)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the results are reported as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Failed tests: &#xA;com.dms.testsuite.Test.[name=null](com.dms.testsuite.Test)&#xA;  Run 1: Test.submitJob:110 Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;  Run 2: PASS&#xA;  Run 3: Test.submitJob:110 Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;  Run 4: PASS&#xA;  Run 5: Test.submitJob:110 Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;  Run 6: PASS&#xA;  Run 7: Test.submitJob:110 Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;  Run 8: Test.submitJob:110 Mail does not exist expected object to not be null&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24140" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T09:48:06.397" Title="Why doesn't testNG assertion message get printed after each test in data-driven testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25544" CreationDate="2017-02-17T00:47:27.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been involved both before and after the requirement phase, more recently with Agile organizations where requirements are constantly collected.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;From these experiences I have learned that being involved before requirements is beneficial because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You get a chance to give input on testing requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You get to both learn and provide input on the business domain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You become part of the development team earlier and hear all the conversations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You get to hear high level requirements and thus learn  the company's quality metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can get folks to think about happy, sad, additional and optional workflow requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can provide input on designs that you know will be troublesome and bug-prone early on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You get a chance to get ask about devices &amp;amp; browsers and get a sense of what testing will cost&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T00:47:27.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25550" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-17T06:07:23.780" Score="0" ViewCount="3644" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have coded many Test Cases as Test Methods with @Test Annotation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used only one class for all methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to run only 1 or 2 particular methods. And not run other methods. Please advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastActivityDate="2019-11-29T19:03:45.347" Title="How to run only 1 annotated test method in TestNG ?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25552" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-17T06:26:53.877" Score="0" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;We don't currently have any performance requirements for application.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However, during manual testing I am noticing several performance issues with slow pages.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How should i report these apparent performance issues when I don't have any specific performance specifications that I can refer to?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23846" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T12:18:14.233" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T05:18:15.723" Title="How should i report performance issues without performance requirements?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25550" CreationDate="2017-02-17T07:15:23.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can be done by using an &lt;code&gt;.xml&lt;/code&gt; file present at the root of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that &lt;code&gt;.xml&lt;/code&gt; file you can you use &lt;code&gt;include&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To include only a particular &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; method to run like the following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;   &#xA;      &amp;lt;class name =&quot;Full path to the Test class&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;methods&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;include name=&quot;testMethodName&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/methods&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Suite --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T07:15:23.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25555" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-17T07:22:04.853" Score="1" ViewCount="4550" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to click on a element by finding it using &lt;code&gt;classname&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;But i got an error saying element is not visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then i debug the code and saw &lt;code&gt;&quot;Displayed = False&quot;&lt;/code&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iYRWG.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iYRWG.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;But the element is fully visible to be.&#xA;So the Question is why this happens and how to overcome this king of situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T15:33:11.320" Title="How to click on elements which &quot;Displayed = False&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27670" CreationDate="2017-02-17T09:12:24.183" Score="2" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use &lt;code&gt;find_by_elements&lt;/code&gt; it returns a list of all the elements which correspond to a selector, xpath, class, id, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I wanted to know if it's possible to extract an element of this list in Python to click on it or at least to try to click on each element of this list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To explain my issue: I have an xpath which points to two elements, these two elements are exactly the same thing but one is not visible and the other one is visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I use the regular find_by_element, it points to the invisible one, so I have an error...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to use this list, to reach the other one and finally be able to click on this element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-06T11:21:00.923" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T11:21:00.923" Title="Question about find_by_elements" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25556" CreationDate="2017-02-17T09:23:00.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You just need to access the correct index of the returned array: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;list = admin.find_elements_by_xpath(&quot;your xpath&quot;)&#xA;list[1].click() #if you want to click on the second one&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to get the length of the array, call the function len:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;len(list)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T17:30:58.777" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T17:30:58.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25558" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-17T09:28:46.000" Score="3" ViewCount="3690" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got a fair basic grasp about how Selenium works, and I'm comfortable at a beginning level using it in VS and C#. However, when it comes to finding things in pages which are not straight-forward and/or simple, I find it a bit more challenging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;body class=&quot;1-scroll-individual mysite&quot; localization-scope=&quot;main&quot;&amp;gt;    &#xA;  &amp;lt;section-style=&quot;overflow: hidden; height: 100%&quot;  id=&quot;main-knockout-context&quot; class=&quot;default-skin&quot; data-bind...blahblahblahblahblah&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div id=&quot;layout-window&quot; data-bind=&quot;withContext: { @inOverlay: false }&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;chrome-top params=&quot;leftToggle: chrome.left.toggleSize, rightToggle: chrome.right.toggleSize&quot; class=&quot;jsx-component-rendered&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/chrome-top&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;div id=&quot;layout-content&quot; data-bind=&quot;bindAfter: somethingElse&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div id=&quot;chrome-left&quot; class=&quot;chrome chrome-left chrome-overflow-auto mq-chrome-left&quot; data-bind=&quot;css: {...}&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;event-stream-popout&quot; data-bind=&quot;with: eventStream&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div id=&quot;chrome-right&quot; class=&quot;chrome-right chrome-overflow-auto mq-chrome-right&quot; data-bind=&quot;css: {...}&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;div id=&quot;content-layout&quot; class=&quot;content-layout mq-content-layout smthng-flex&quot; data-bind=&quot;css: {.....}&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;               &amp;lt;div class=&quot;activity-bar&quot; data-bind=&quot;activityBar: true&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;sub-page id=&quot;content&quot; params=&quot;subPage: subPage&quot; class=&quot;smthng-flex jsx-component-rendered&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;div data-bind=&quot;template: template&quot; class=&quot;page-inner smthng-flex&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;entity-page 1-height-full&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;div class=&quot;entity-content&quot; data-bind=&quot;page: aspect.page&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                              &amp;lt;div class=&quot;animate-potential&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                                 &amp;lt;div class=&quot;page-inner&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;sub-page clas=&quot;entity-content-main2 jsx-component-rendered&quot; params=&quot;subPage: area.subPage&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                                       &amp;lt;div data-bind=&quot;template: template&quot; class=&quot;page-inner smthng-flex&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                                          &amp;lt;div class=&quot;1-height-full lay-horizontal mysite-ituser&amp;gt;&#xA;                                             &amp;lt;div class=&quot;entity-content-payload&quot;&amp;gt;                       &#xA;                                                &amp;lt;article class=&quot;home-header&quot;&amp;gt;           &#xA;                                                   &amp;lt;h2 localize-me&amp;gt;THIS IS THE TITLE I WANT TO ASSERT THE EXISTENCE OF&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the best, or at least a good and solid, way of finding the bottom h2 tag and getting the contents? In this example, this is the only h2 tag. But on other similar pages there might be several h2 tags, and I want to find one with a specific content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All ideas and suggestions are greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23988" LastEditorUserId="23988" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T11:53:26.523" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:35:15.887" Title="Selenium Webdriver: Finding elements and contents in deep structures" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25556" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:15:08.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To put the above answer in more easier way here is the solution below.&#xA;If you are locating 4 elements with same xpath: &#xA;To access the first element xpath[0]&#xA;To access second element xpath[1], xpath[2] for 3rd and xpath[3] for 4th.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastEditorUserId="15298" LastEditDate="2017-02-18T03:12:59.453" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T03:12:59.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25558" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:21:29.457" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to find the specific h2 tag you are trying to locate you can find them in below ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Through name as an element locator. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using relative xpath syntax is : //tagname[@attribute=&quot;value&quot;] &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using absolute xpath you can define the child tag starting from the parent tag if snippet is not as big as given above.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can even install firepath addon from chrome and detect the xpath using firebug tool. This process eliminates the 2 and 3 options but is not recommended.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom Line is don't worry about locating the elements, you will be perfect with shortly. Kindly let me know if you need anything more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:21:29.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25555" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:25:34.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using javascript click event. I am tagging the stackoverflow answer here. Let me know if this works for you &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11947832/how-to-click-an-element-in-selenium-webdriver-using-javascript&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11947832/how-to-click-an-element-in-selenium-webdriver-using-javascript&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:25:34.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25552" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:30:59.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check with your SME or senior architect available regarding below points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the acceptable level of benchmarks in the current feature?&#xA;Can we compare these test results with that system?&#xA;If not can we have a measurement criteria for benchmarking our current system or application? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully your query will be resolved. If you are not getting a satisfactory answer for that you need to find out a generic benchmarking level for the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:30:59.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25550" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:35:32.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you using any framework right now? &#xA;If not so it would be advisable to create a Keyword driven framework so that you can overcome above problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:35:32.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20640" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:39:50.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do it through Robot class in Java.awt API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below is the code snippet you can use for opening a new tab in chrome. (Cntrl+T)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;        try {&#xA;            robot = new Robot();&#xA;        } &#xA;            catch (AWTException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;            robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_T);  &#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;            robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_T);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:39:50.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25565" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:49:23.530" Score="1" ViewCount="320" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have got some rest API's for testing with rest assured. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to automate using with rest assured? What are the different cases that I need to test? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a sample API. What are the test cases that I need to test? I want to know about rest API testing concept.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the sample API, what should I do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;appinit (GET)&#xA;======= &#xA;&#xA;http://th/m/v2/appinit?&#xA;clientId=3&amp;amp;&#xA;appName=qberCli&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;&quot;status&quot;:true,&#xA;&quot;app_secret&quot;:&quot;c6b8fff7accd0daf75f1c5757ce11&quot;,&#xA;&quot;dt&quot;:1486100177&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a sample API testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    package  com.qber.test;&#xA;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;    import static com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured.given;&#xA;    import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;&#xA;&#xA;   public class bookToken {&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;appinit&quot;)&#xA;    public void md5JsonTest(String clientId,String appName)&#xA; {&#xA;&#xA;        given().&#xA;                parameters(&quot;c&quot;, clientId).parameters(&quot;a&quot;,appNmae).&#xA;                when().&#xA;                get(&quot;http://th/m/v2/appinit?&#xA;    clientId=&amp;amp;&#xA;    appName=&quot;).&#xA;                then().&#xA;                assertThat().&#xA;                body(&quot;md5&quot;, equalTo(md5Hash));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @DataProvider(name = &quot;appinit&quot;)&#xA;    public Object[][] createMD5TestData() {&#xA;&#xA;        return new String[][] {&#xA;                {&quot;3&quot;,&quot;qbercli&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        };&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the additional test cases that I should write?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23426" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T08:38:35.300" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T08:38:35.300" Title="Automate the API using rest assured" Tags="&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25544" CreationDate="2017-02-17T10:54:10.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As QA I have worked in 10 different projects and clients. Client throughout the world. I observed below points with respect to the above question asked by @kankara.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It depends upon when does client involves QA into the project. It would be requirement phase or would not. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It also involves how much knowledge the client possesses on Quality Assurance and Engineering of the product, importance of quality awareness.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are involved in requirements phase you could find if there are any requirement misses and it would be a huge cost saver as fixing bugs related to requirements would be higher in later stages when it comes to waterfall model.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If QA is involved after design or development face he might not understand there is not possibility of finding defects early in STLC lifecycle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please refer to below pyramid for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/z2I46.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/z2I46.png&quot; alt=&quot;From Top to bottom are the price increases exponen&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s4fCX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s4fCX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Graphical view&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T10:54:10.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25567" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:12:05.487" Score="2" ViewCount="283" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a statement from microsoft documentation about &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/docs/test/continuous-testing/getting-started/continuous-test-selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium testing in a continuous integration pipeline&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To include the Selenium test as part of a build, the source code must&#xA;  be in version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The build summary includes a snapshot of the test results. There is&#xA;  also a Tests results page that highlights the build-on-build changes,&#xA;  including errors, stack traces, and the ability to easily create a bug&#xA;  that contains this information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium tests use graphical interface, so I do not think that they could be used on build stage, because application is not deployed yet. Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T11:22:51.020" LastActivityDate="2019-04-05T20:36:40.943" Title="Selenium tests as a part of a build stage in a continuous integration pipeline" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;build-verification-test&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25565" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:17:01.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you considering automating API's, I would suggest you to automate it in a traditional way using either&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java HttpURLConnection  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apache HttpClient&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mkyong.com/java/how-to-send-http-request-getpost-in-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Please take a look at this link for more info on above 2 points.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:17:01.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25567" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:23:41.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When they are talking about source code in the information snippet, its about the selenium code which is designed for testing the Web Application. You need to have it in version control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Assuming that most of the people have source code version controlled. Taking Github as a version control you would provide the GitHub URL of the repo to your CI tool such as Jenkins. it would request you to provide that URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once URL is configured you can trigger the build once the dev deploys their build in AUT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:23:41.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25567" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:28:08.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you are confusing &quot;build&quot; vs &quot;build-stage&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A build is a the full chain, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get code from source control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build-code (this is I think what you call the &lt;strong&gt;build-stage&lt;/strong&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Package API, Website and Sync-Services&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploy to test-environment in the cloud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run Selenium-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what our team calls the build, this is run for each commit into our test branch and is called the test-build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:28:08.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25534" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:29:48.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Above problem you are referring to, those two can't be unified its same like created two different methods in Java for the same problem statement. &#xA;Instead you can refer to below for getting better at describing test in feature file. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/blog/write-great-cucumber-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/blog/write-great-cucumber-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:29:48.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25567" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:31:06.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium tests use graphical interfaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They can be used on staging because there will be a program that &lt;em&gt;calls&lt;/em&gt; each UI test.  Each test will then create a browser instance and run the code in that instance.  When the test is finished the browser instance closes and the program which is running that test records the results, potentially including screen shows in the case of failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The individual code for tests that is run needs to be available to the infrastructure programs that are running the tests and is typically in source control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:31:06.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25533" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:31:58.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use javascript click event for the same. Let me know if you need further help.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11947832/how-to-click-an-element-in-selenium-webdriver-using-javascript&quot;&gt;You can find answer here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:31:58.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25533" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:36:42.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try resizing the window.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We've had tests fail because the window size was too small.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:36:42.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25538" CreationDate="2017-02-17T11:40:16.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using implicit wait in Selenium rather than Thread.sleep, if you are providing condition till when it has to wait then you can use explicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Provide a wait and if it's still not working out contact your developer, probably he can help you out after walking you through the code base about how exactly the functionality works.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information on above provided Exception please refer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/exceptions/stale_element_reference.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its mostly due to element not being found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T11:40:16.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25552" CreationDate="2017-02-17T12:11:26.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have no requirements identified, but you consider it to be a significant issue then you report the issue and indicate that fact.  This is quite common in Agile environments where requirements are a discovery process from using the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The organization will then need to decide:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should they address the issue without a typical upfront specification?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should they take some time to document and specify performance requirements?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What performance requirements should the company add?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What customer experience is acceptable for users on low bandwidth connections?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will also depend on whether you noticed this anecdotally when running tests vs. specific performance testing.  If found anecdotally you should file the bug and let your organization know that there are performance issues not covered by requirements.  If found through specific performance testing then your organization should create a process (e.g. write a ticket) when the performance testing finds an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-17T12:20:41.050" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T12:20:41.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2017-02-17T12:34:53.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutely NOT. If testers find some meaningful defects some time dev feel irritated but tester should no worries about such kind of things.&#xA;Tester should perform their testing like as end user perspectives. and always provide their suggestions, improvements to the upper level management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19046" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T12:34:53.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25580" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-17T15:13:40.233" Score="1" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am familiar with writing automation for testing web pages in a browser using selenium, rspec, jasmine and similar tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to test a new iPhone application that we have developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main thing I want to automate right now is the sign-up processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These include steps such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User installs application on their iPhone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User bring up application on their iPhone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User logs in with known email address to existing account&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User is taken to home page and see account details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What tools can I use to automate this and be part of our build?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want automation that can fit in with our current (rspec based) test suite and be part of our CircleCI integrated build.  This question is similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/1161/8992&quot;&gt;Tools for testing iPhone apps&lt;/a&gt; but different enough in the details for me to post this.  I favor Ruby for language (hence rspec) but not sure if that would be part of any solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T15:13:40.233" Title="How do I automate testing installing an iPhone app?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;&lt;iphone&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25558" CreationDate="2017-02-17T15:30:15.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your best option is to communicate to developers/web designers that each web element which is to be interacted with has to have id or name, and use those. Xpath is slow, flaky and easy to break, avoid it like a plague. CSS is preferable over Xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are stuck and developers refuse to make QA easier by providing reliable locators, vote with your feet: switch to company where they do :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T15:30:15.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25555" CreationDate="2017-02-17T15:33:11.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If element is not displayed, user would not be able to interact with it, so your test (which should emulate what user would do) shod not be able to do anything with it either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IOW it is not a bug, it is a feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T15:33:11.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25556" CreationDate="2017-02-17T21:12:08.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could loop through the array of elements and use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;if element.is_displayed():&#xA;    #click element&#xA; else:&#xA;    #do nothing&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T21:12:08.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25558" CreationDate="2017-02-17T22:17:25.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Locators are best used with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.jsp#page-object-design-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PageObject pattern&lt;/a&gt; and the @FindBy annotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver provides a number of different &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/docs/start.html#locating_elements&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;locator strategies&lt;/a&gt; and which you choose depends largely on the context.  Where you can change or influence the page markup, the following approach works well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ID&lt;/strong&gt;: Ideal for globally unique items with stable IDs; things like login &amp;amp; profile controls on headers &amp;amp; footers. If you have influence on the markup that a taxonomical naming convention as per namespaces in OO code can be very powerful when combined with an expected data model in your test code. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Name&lt;/strong&gt;: Good for locally unique/page scope controls, items were the context makes the reference unique.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;xPath&lt;/strong&gt;: Necessary were you have little or no influence on the markup and flexibility is paramount. Can be useful were&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;class name&lt;/strong&gt;:  Generally necessary for JS Frameworks. I personally hate this approach because it makes using the tell don't ask idiom very difficult.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;partial/link text&lt;/strong&gt;: Useful for multilingual testing such as menus, click through and some data driven content. A good application would be the test requirement in functional testing of not being interested in markup, just is  specific data present.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T11:35:15.887" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:35:15.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20641" CreationDate="2017-02-17T23:50:49.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is just a guess based on the HTML you provided, but is the ID different each time the page is loaded? This seems likely based on the fact that the ID contains a GUID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that's the case, my recommendation would be to use XPath as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//input[contains(@id,'FileLeafRef')]&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;Newprojecttest&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will locate the first element on the page whose ID contains &quot;FileLeafRef&quot;, so even if the GUID is unique each time the page is loaded, the target element will be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that if there are multiple text inputs that have similar IDs, you will have to get more specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, if the @title attribute is unique among elements on the page, you could use that as well since it is nice and clean:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//input[@title='Name Required Field']&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;Newprojecttest&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastActivityDate="2017-02-17T23:50:49.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-18T06:43:28.200" Score="0" ViewCount="112" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to pass value of checkbox from excel file and change its status accordingly(as passed in excel) using selenium webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case, my webpage contain some input field and 1 checkbox.&#xA;I need to create entry into that form for which I am passing data using dataprovider. Now I want to know what value to be pass for checkbox in excel(True/False??) and how to handle it in method to check its existing status and change it according to as passed in excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24166" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T07:38:07.677" Title="Selenium Webdriver using Java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21894" CreationDate="2017-02-18T07:56:02.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Taza framework cannot be called a page object based framework, but Arquillian Graphene can be, as its concept is the same, as the Page object model has. And it makes sense using it, if pages of the application, you write your tests for, have a number of elements with widgets, grids, tables and so on.&#xA;Besides looking for and selecting a particular framework, I would recommend researching into CI solutions and reporting about test results. There are well know instruments for that task (Jenkins one of them) and number of manuals can be easily found. One of them is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-automate-testing-using-selenium-webdriver-jenkins-and-allure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;how to automate testing, using selenium, webdriver, jenkins and Allure&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23889" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T07:56:02.537" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25592" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-18T10:28:25.937" Score="-1" ViewCount="4273" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me to suggest some links to learn practical Java programming. I want to move to Selenium testing and the interview I faced they are asking about Java programming but I'm not able to give answer please help me in this case &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17671" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T03:27:21.633" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T03:27:21.633" Title="Java programming" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-20T03:18:42.137" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25593" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25594" CreationDate="2017-02-18T11:04:08.230" Score="1" ViewCount="26576" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working for a website automation testing. I need to scroll many times. How to find a Scroll bars`s Xpath in a browser ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastActivityDate="2019-12-17T14:27:13.827" Title="How to find Scroll bar xpath?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25593" CreationDate="2017-02-18T11:17:20.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't. Scrollbars are part of the browser and not the HTML document. This means you cannot control them unless it isn't a real scrollbar (one that is created with HTML+JavaScript).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ScrollBars are operating system elements and cannot be driven by Selenium or WebDriver like other elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible ways to scroll with Selenium are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scroll with JavaScript&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,250)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This scrolls down 250 pixels for more idea's check this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12293158/page-scroll-up-or-down-in-selenium-webdriver-selenium-2-using-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12293158/page-scroll-up-or-down-in-selenium-webdriver-selenium-2-using-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scroll to a known element with Actions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;my-id&quot;)); Actions&#xA;actions = new Actions(driver); actions.moveToElement(element);&#xA;actions.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This scrolls to the element, for more idea's for scrolling to elements check this question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3401343/scroll-element-into-view-with-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3401343/scroll-element-into-view-with-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the Action way is preferred, but it needs an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trigger the real scrollbar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for some reason you really need to use the scrollbar like a real user would, because you have some action/event/trigger (I cannot come up with a good example). Then you could have a look at automation frameworks that can influence the operating system for example like: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be your last resort though, I would suspect the &lt;code&gt;window.scrollBy()&lt;/code&gt; to fire most events you would like to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T11:23:41.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25595" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-18T12:04:30.360" Score="-1" ViewCount="4205" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KjDOH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KjDOH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to get validation message value in Eclipse using Selenium WebDriver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written code below but it display syntax error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement errormsgfornewpass = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@class='field-validation-error']//span[@class='NewPassword']&quot;));&#xA;String errnewmsg = errormsgfornewpass.getText();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;errormsg-&amp;gt;&quot;+errnewmsg);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-20T10:45:41.363" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T10:45:41.363" Title="How to get span value" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-09T17:29:15.017" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25601" CreationDate="2017-02-18T12:23:07.113" Score="0" ViewCount="231" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I am using Web services Scripting using Loadrunner - Virtual User Generator and recorded successfully but as per team decision, IP address and port number is changed in WSDL URL, now I want to edit IP address and Port number for old WSDL IP address and Port number. I am able to change IP Address and Port number in Manage Services Window using Override Address but not able to Change WSDL Location (which is showing old IP address and port number).P lease find below screen shot for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2eSqb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2eSqb.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this in &lt;strong&gt;Test Results&lt;/strong&gt; window showing as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bP1nH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bP1nH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23806" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-06-29T13:38:37.517" LastActivityDate="2020-06-29T13:38:37.517" Title="How to edit WSDL location in VUGen-Manage Services Window?" Tags="&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25595" CreationDate="2017-02-18T12:54:43.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Getting the WebElement.&#xA;WebElement errormsgforoldpass = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@class='field-validation-error']//span[@for='OldPassword']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;//Getting the text of the webelement.    &#xA;String erroldmsg = errormsgforoldpass.getText();&#xA;&#xA;//Printing the text of the webelement.&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;errormsg-&amp;gt;&quot;+erroldmsg);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T08:32:29.013" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T08:32:29.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25592" CreationDate="2017-02-18T13:23:10.253" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below are the top 3 search results from google search for &quot;top java related interview questions&quot;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javatpoint.com/corejava-interview-questions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.javatpoint.com/corejava-interview-questions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://career.guru99.com/top-100-core-java-interview-questions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://career.guru99.com/top-100-core-java-interview-questions/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://javahungry.blogspot.com/2013/06/top-25-most-frequently-asked-core-java.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://javahungry.blogspot.com/2013/06/top-25-most-frequently-asked-core-java.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below are the top 3 search results from google search for &quot;top Selenium related interview questions&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/top-100-selenium-interview-questions-answers.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/top-100-selenium-interview-questions-answers.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/selenium-interview-questions-part-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/selenium-interview-questions-part-1/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-interview-questions-answers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-interview-questions-answers/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could be a good starting to prepare for Interview Questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For some Java programs below urls could be a good starting point.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javatpoint.com/java-tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.javatpoint.com/java-tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/java-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/java-tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T13:23:10.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25593" CreationDate="2017-02-18T13:54:06.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As noted by others, scrollbars are part of the browser and not the HTML document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can access the scrollbars by using visual web testing tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;. The Kantu Browser is is a wrapper for Chromium and thus has access to the scrollbar via its SCROLL page up/down command (pretty obvious command name). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli even has commands for things like scroll-wheel simulation (wheel(target, WHEEL_UP | WHEEL_DOWN, steps).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T13:54:06.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25448" CreationDate="2017-02-18T18:04:39.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are not going to check file contents, then you'd better make Head HTTP call to the resource, that returns you only file type and its length in the HTTP response headers, instead of downloading entire file. In order to do it, use HTTP library. Another advantage for this approach you may find if you are going to launch test in the cloud based tools, as SauceLabs or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blazemeter&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23889" LastActivityDate="2017-02-18T18:04:39.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25596" CreationDate="2017-02-19T00:17:13.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to Import a new service, not use the &quot;Override address&quot;  I'd go ahead and remove your current service definition, and then import a new one, pointing to the new WSDL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The purpose of &quot;Override address&quot; would be if you already have an existing WSDL out there, but want to point to a test infrastructure instead of the current infrastructure.  You could use the same WSDL, but then direct traffic to a different server . . . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T00:17:13.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25602" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25603" CreationDate="2017-02-19T14:54:45.287" Score="0" ViewCount="28" Body="&lt;p&gt;My test suite (ruby, rspec, capybara) was able to run browser based feature tests before but they somehow are broken now, and none pass.  This only happens on my Ubuntu machine.  On other machines they are still passing ok&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T18:14:44.633" Title="Running tests in chrome but just getting data;. in every browser window" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;rspec&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25602" CreationDate="2017-02-19T14:54:45.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was due to a bug in chromedriver.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Updating to a more recent version solves this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically this was fixed in chromedriver version &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2.24&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;at least for Ubuntu. A couple of other of our feature specs had issues with this fix which I am addressing separately.  Looks chromedriver is the moving piece where the fixes happen right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T18:14:44.633" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T18:14:44.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25604" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25605" CreationDate="2017-02-19T19:03:52.017" Score="1" ViewCount="1001" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do we run desktop automation with freeware tools (like AutoIT, Sikuli) in a virtual machine or a headless machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21182" LastActivityDate="2017-05-20T19:54:03.837" Title="How do we run desktop automation using AutoIT in a virtual machine or a headless machine" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;&lt;autoit&gt;&lt;jubula&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25604" CreationDate="2017-02-19T19:23:20.840" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;AutoIT, Sikuli or Kantu Automation all work fine in a virtual machine (e. g. Virtual Box). If you have a problem there, please provide details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, these tools need a desktop - so they can not run headless. This is by design. They can not be compared with tools like PhantomJS that just emulate a web browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T19:23:20.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25606" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25607" CreationDate="2017-02-19T21:32:11.683" Score="1" ViewCount="312" Body="&lt;p&gt;The intermittent failures are hard to pin down and they can be in many different tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often you can see the element you are targeting in the browser but the program just doesn't seem to be in sync and can't find it.  All attempts to wait don't work because of the disconnect with the actual page showing the element you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has been the case in various ways for a couple of years and huge attempts by us to eliminate the failures with various capybara wait methods have helped but not eliminated the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What else can we try?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T12:41:46.033" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T13:59:27.510" Title="How do I stop my rspec capybara tests failing intermittently" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;rspec&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25606" CreationDate="2017-02-19T21:32:11.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This turned out to have a lot to do with the version of chromedriver I have been using.  This was versions 2.7 which is 2-3 years old at this point.  When you look at the version list at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&lt;/a&gt; you can see a LOT of bug fixes since then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first I had to upgrade to at least 2.24 to avoid a &quot;windows have 'data:.' in the URL and are blank pages.  This seems to help address most of the intermittent failures.  Further upgrading to 2.27 right now and is seeming even more reliable (no failures yet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This general issue may reflect the move of selenium driver support to the vendors and given that this means Google in this case that might garner some good resources and explain some marked improvements and bug fixes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-19T21:39:40.413" LastActivityDate="2017-02-19T21:39:40.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25608" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-20T04:46:07.953" Score="1" ViewCount="1983" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a set of test cases for different scenarios like login, registration, forgot password etc. I want to execute those test cases against different urls. Currently I have configured in a base page with one url -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void ARMAppLogin() &#xA;{ &#xA;    try &#xA;    { &#xA;        DriverSetup driversetup = DriverSetup.GetDriverInstance();&#xA;        driver = driversetup.IntializeBrowserDriver(); &#xA;        pages = new ArrayList(); &#xA;        String Username = &quot;&quot;; &#xA;        String Password = &quot;&quot;; &#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http&quot;); &#xA;        loginpageobject = getPageFactoryObject(LoginPage.class); &#xA;        loginpageobject.LoginAPP(Username, Password); &#xA;    } &#xA;    catch (Exception ex) &#xA;    { &#xA;        ex.printStackTrace(); &#xA;    } &#xA;    finally &#xA;    { &#xA;        System.out .println(&quot;Finally block of &quot; + Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1] .getMethodName()); &#xA;    } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to run my test cases with different urls. If I want to run the test cases with different urls, such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://10.100.4.13/home&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://10.100.4.13/home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://10.100.4.13/arm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://10.100.4.13/arm/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how do I do this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24182" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T12:33:15.660" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T12:33:15.660" Title="Selenium - Want to execute a same test scripts with multiple clients" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-02-21T17:23:57.150" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25552" CreationDate="2017-02-20T05:18:15.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on where and how your application is going to be used performance can be not that critical, i.e. internal portal with information about your company performance is not that critical as for e-commerce shop during the black friday. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I believe as a test engineer you should report &lt;strong&gt;everything&lt;/strong&gt; which seems incorrect to you. Analyze page loading process as deep as possible using &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/What_are_browser_developer_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Developer Tools&lt;/a&gt; which come with your browser or more advanced solutions like &lt;a href=&quot;http://yslow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YSlow&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have enough capacity to investigate the issue on your own you can quickly create a simple load test using one of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;free and open source load testing tools&lt;/a&gt;, normally all of them provide record-and-replay functionality and try to correlate increasing number of users concurrently accessing the application with other metrics like response time, transactions per second, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T05:18:15.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25610" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-20T05:34:17.180" Score="1" ViewCount="371" Body="&lt;p&gt;When there a series of sliding banners , and we need to  click each of them and get back , how is it posible with the help of selinium code , can anyone help for this .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24183" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T21:31:41.590" Title="How To click each of the sliding banners" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2020-01-21T12:46:25.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25589" CreationDate="2017-02-20T07:38:07.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In selenium you can check if the specific checkbox is ticked or not by using the below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement webelement  = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;checkbox_id&quot;);&#xA;Boolean checkboxStatus = element.isSelected();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;isSelected()&lt;/em&gt; method returns true or false based on wheather the checkbox is ticked or not respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To write the checkbox Status in the excel you will need to use Apache POI jar.&#xA;Apache POI is a popular API that allows programmers to &#xA;create, modify, and display MS Office files using Java programs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the code to update an existing Excel File:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String excelFile_Path = &quot;C:\\Users\\xyz\\Desktop\\test.xlsx&quot; ;&#xA;FileInputStream fis   = new FileInputStream(new File(excelFile_Path));&#xA;XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);&#xA;XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);&#xA;Cell cell = = sheet.getRow(0).getCell(0);&#xA;cell.setCellValue(&quot;true&quot;);&#xA;FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(excelFile_Path));&#xA;workbook.write(fos);&#xA;fis.close();&#xA;fos.close();&#xA;workbook.close();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T07:38:07.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25614" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-20T08:54:50.553" Score="1" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to check an IPv6 implementation on my router's software using a free tool/program. I'm looking for any available tool to help IPv6 certification: I need to validate and verify whether or not the IPv6 stack is compliant with related IPv6 RFC(s) and/or amendment(s). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation DHCPv6 client &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate ravd daemon &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate DHCPv6 server &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are no free tools/programs, how can I validate the IPv6 stack for certification?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24187" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T12:29:35.943" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T14:14:30.890" Title="Software quality assurance/IPv6 : validate IPv6 stack" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;&lt;linux&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-22T17:15:45.240" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25616" CreationDate="2017-02-20T09:33:48.400" Score="1" ViewCount="17487" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you running below Jmeter test plan then &quot;Cannot load JDBC driver class 'com.mysql.jdbc.Driver' response message given. Can any one have any solution for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response code: null 0&#xA;Response message: java.sql.SQLException: Cannot load JDBC driver class 'com.mysql.jdbc.Driver'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zvp7U.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zvp7U.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MsGbf.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MsGbf.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T04:31:19.187" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T04:31:19.187" Title="Cannot load JDBC driver class 'com.mysql.jdbc.Driver' in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-02-21T03:34:36.390" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25615" CreationDate="2017-02-20T09:43:23.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most probably you forgot to add MySQL &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JDBC_driver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JDBC driver&lt;/a&gt; to JMeter (JMeter doesn't include it by default)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download &lt;a href=&quot;https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MySQL Connector/J&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract &lt;code&gt;mysql-connector-java-x.x.xx-bin.jar&lt;/code&gt; and drop it somewhere to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#classpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Classpath&lt;/a&gt; (for example to &quot;lib&quot; folder of your JMeter installation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Restart JMeter to pick the jar up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should be good to go&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/real-secret-building-database-test-plan-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Real Secret to Building a Database Test Plan With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for more detailed explanation and instructions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T09:43:23.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25608" CreationDate="2017-02-20T10:26:38.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most xUnit testing frameworks support parameterization. This means running a test with different inputs in a loop. I guess you use Java, so here are some idea's, but this should be language and test-framework independent, each should supports something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parameterized-tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For jUnit you can find an example in their documentation: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/wiki/Parameterized-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/wiki/Parameterized-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case you want to remove the URL from the base-class to a @Parameters Collection which contains different urls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Config file&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put the URL in a config-file, each environment should have their own config file which defines the URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use a properties file as described here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1318347/how-to-use-java-property-files&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1318347/how-to-use-java-property-files&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Command-line parameters&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would prefer adding a parameter from the command-line. Each xUnit run would receive a different url. In your base class you would retrieve the URL  with something like: &lt;code&gt;System.getProperty(&quot;url&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you can run them better in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a full example check: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19529849/how-to-add-arguments-to-junit-test-triggered-from-command-line&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19529849/how-to-add-arguments-to-junit-test-triggered-from-command-line&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T10:32:11.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18074" CreationDate="2017-02-20T11:45:22.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had exactly the same issue and I have solved it calling my button with the new xpath.&#xA;In other words, my button had an xpath when it was pristine, for instance, the one that firepath was giving me, so I could click on it succesfully but it did nothing. When it was &quot;doing things&quot; its xpath was different, and I could find it only hovering the mouse on it in the DOM where it lives. there was something like b=&gt;b under the element code. Hovering my mouse there revealed a second xpath.&#xA;So I readjusted my code as follows:&#xA;&quot;wait until element is enabled&quot; xpath1 &#xA;&quot;click on element&quot; xpath1 &#xA;sleep 1s &#xA;&quot;click on element&quot; xpath2. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know whether I really needed all of that, to be honest I am still new to RobotFramework but...it worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24195" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T11:45:22.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25558" CreationDate="2017-02-20T12:48:23.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are multiple ways - You can choose one of the below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Firebug, which will help you in finding xpath quickly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the static value in parent nodes, and traverse through it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the xpath is static, use static xpath, from root element, navigate it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is identical tag element, try searching through tagname.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24197" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T12:48:23.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25614" CreationDate="2017-02-20T14:14:30.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I am aware there is no &quot;one hit&quot; tool to check every part of your configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are &lt;a href=&quot;https://ip6.nl/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online checkers&lt;/a&gt; which will check your IPv6 setup from an external perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T14:14:30.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22219" CreationDate="2017-02-20T14:28:05.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be able to run tests in parallel you need to isolate your tests from each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can isolate on different levels&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a new unique users on start of the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a fresh application environment for each test (Use containers like docker)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a unique database for the test to run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test specific functionality and not test that a system supports multiple users at the same time (which should be a separate test if you ask me) I like to combine these isolations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also prevents random fails because a test did not cleanup correctly or because changes to a dataset are depended on order of execution. As you delete the new database or environment everything is as clean as it gets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, your individual test run will be somewhat slower, waiting for database restore (milliseconds), for creation of users (milliseconds) or fresh containers (seconds). But the profit is parallelization on cloud level making test-runs to spawn up hundreds of machines. Fast continuous deployment cannot work without this eventually as your test-cases become more and more complex :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-20T14:49:19.147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-20T14:49:19.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-20T15:12:29.157" Score="3" ViewCount="14930" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to loop through a list of div classes that is dynamically generated in two columns (fixed), rows (dynamically generated). I would like to select a button on the second column with a group of buttons with same name tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I could not work out how to grab all the row items in a list &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Webelement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; given the css selector and finding by tagname&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pseudocode I have in mind is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Initialise 2D array for rows and columns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get all items in first column by name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get all items in second column by id&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;while looping through the rows in both columns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locate the item in last row for both columns by name and id&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When name matches to string &quot;1234&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click the button in the second column same row.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert statement that action has completed successfully&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or Assert statement that item could not be found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Terminate browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;End program&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have this html as a sample to code against:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;bookings&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;25203&quot; class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Jola&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hunters&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;105&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;2017-02-25&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;2017-03-02&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;input onclick=&quot;deleteBooking(25203)&quot; value=&quot;Delete&quot; type=&quot;button&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;25204&quot; class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt; //I would like to grab items from this list&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Jola&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hunters&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;105&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;2017-02-25&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;2017-03-02&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;input onclick=&quot;deleteBooking(25204)&quot; value=&quot;Delete&quot; type=&quot;button&quot;/&amp;gt; //I would like to click on this button.&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advise on how to use Selenium-webdriver with Java (using Eclipse and Cucumber plugin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: My first attempt to code gives me this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Scenario 2: Verify on clicking the delete button for an existing customer&#xA;    @Given(&quot;^I am on the Hotel booking form with saved customers$&quot;)&#xA;    public void I_am_on_the_Hotel_booking_form_with_saved_customers() throws Throwable {&#xA;    //Validate if customers records exist in the table.     &#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='bookings']//div[@id]&quot;));&#xA;        java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; i = rows.iterator();&#xA;        while(i.hasNext()) {&#xA;            WebElement row = i.next();&#xA;            System.out.println(row.getText());              &#xA;        }           &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @When(&quot;^valid customers data is being displayed$&quot;)&#xA;    public void valid_customers_data_is_being_displayed() throws Throwable {&#xA;        // Write code here that finds and lists all the rows in a table&#xA;        WebElement dynamicDivs = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='bookings']&quot;));&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows = dynamicDivs.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;p&quot;));&#xA;        java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; i = rows.iterator();&#xA;        while(i.hasNext()) {&#xA;            WebElement row = i.next();&#xA;            System.out.println(row.getText());&#xA;        }           &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @When(&quot;^I click the delete button$&quot;)&#xA;    public void i_click_the_delete_button() throws Throwable {&#xA;        // Write code to delete a specific customer in a row given the firstname = &quot;Tim&quot; and price = &quot;999.99&quot;&#xA;        WebElement pricenumber = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;col-md-1&quot;));&#xA;        //List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows1 = classnames.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;p&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; i = rows1.iterator();&#xA;        while(i.hasNext()) {&#xA;            WebElement row1 = i.next();&#xA;            System.out.println(row1.getText());&#xA;            string firstnames = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;col-md-2&quot;));&#xA;            System.out.println(firstnames.getText());&#xA;&#xA;            if (row1.getText() == &quot;999.99&quot; &amp;amp;&amp;amp; firstnames == &quot;Tim&quot; )&#xA;            {&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;col-md-1&quot;).cssSelector(&quot;.col-md-1&amp;gt;input&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;            //Assert that row has been deleted.&#xA;        }          &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Then(&quot;^I should see the customer details on the last row been deleted$&quot;)&#xA;    public void i_should_see_the_customer_details_on_the_last_row_been_deleted() throws Throwable {&#xA;         // Write code here to search for firstname if it does not exist&#xA;        WebElement dynamicDivs = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='bookings']&quot;));&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows = dynamicDivs.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;p&quot;));&#xA;        java.util.Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; i = rows.iterator();&#xA;        while(i.hasNext()) {&#xA;            WebElement row = i.next();&#xA;            System.out.println(row.getText());&#xA;            if (row.getText() != &quot;Tim&quot;)&#xA;            {&#xA;                Assert.assertFalse(row.getText(), &quot;Tim&quot;);                   &#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }       &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the id tag is randomly generated, which means I'll have to loop through and select the last id from the group. eg: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;25217&quot; class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Tim&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24199" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T19:25:52.410" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:35:56.783" Title="Looping through a Table with separate colums and clicking on an item within it" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25625" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-20T15:58:42.447" Score="4" ViewCount="1005" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use property as an input for API that requires a date. Since I'm remaking these tests every day, and will probably use them in future again, I want the value to be fluid. &#xA;I encountered this tiny piece online for tomorrow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${=def lastWeek = new Date();lastWeek++;lastWeek.format(&quot;yy-MM-dd&quot;)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I have still yet to discover how to convince SoapUI NG Pro that I want a date one week from today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a possibility to make anything like this possible in SoapUI, and is my approach correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23169" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T13:42:52.560" LastActivityDate="2020-07-30T13:49:31.517" Title="SoapUI Groovy Script for date field to always use &quot;last week&quot;" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25627" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-20T19:33:16.480" Score="0" ViewCount="567" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;code&gt;Nunit V2.6.4&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;NunitTestAdapter v2.0&lt;/code&gt; to run &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt; tests in &lt;code&gt;visual studio 2015&lt;/code&gt;. We also have a build definition set up to run these tests nightly(on selenium grid)in chrome browser. I want to run a subset of these tests in IE and Firefox, so I added a Nunit  Category “SmokeTest”  attribute to some of the tests.&#xA;Created a new build definition and included the following in the TestCaseFilter &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestCategory = SmokeTest &amp;amp; TestCategory != Remote.chrome &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Outcome: All tests are selected. &#xA;It looks like the Testcategory filter is being ignored. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea to solve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23138" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T09:21:20.023" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T16:23:52.977" Title="TestCase Filter in TFSBuild" Tags="&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25628" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25640" CreationDate="2017-02-21T00:34:01.700" Score="1" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;For argument's sake, pretend a URL can only contain letters, numbers, and underscores.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does one unit test a method that would check that a URL only contained those characters?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Surely people aren't going over entire character sets and testing every single possible character.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example function under test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function isValid(url) {&#xA;    var validUrlChars = new RegExp(/^[\w]+$/);&#xA;&#xA;    return validUrlChars.test(url);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24207" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T14:35:11.667" Title="How does one unit test something that excludes everything except a finite set?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25624" CreationDate="2017-02-21T00:57:59.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you put your code in it would help to give more specifics, but try to query it utilizing the&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webdriver.findElements(By.XPath(&amp;quot;//div[@id='bookings']/div));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which will give you a list of elements which should all be rows.  Then for each row you can query them by pulling the ID out of them and then getting another list of elements for the columns like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webdriver.findElements(By.XPath(&amp;quot;//div[@id='25204']/div)); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then parse the rows/columns as needed with lists of elements and that will maintain your HTML structure but also allow you to execute like a list.  You can assert whatever as you loop through the elements or execute list searching specifics for what you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get that you put another text list of the goals, but it's not 100% clear. If you need more specifics please provide some more coding or pseudo coding structure to indicate your end goal.  I hope the elements list helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:35:56.783" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:35:56.783" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25631" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-21T05:33:31.727" Score="0" ViewCount="20787" Body="&lt;p&gt;how to handle captcha in selenium webdriver:&#xA;I am using this code but it gives error&quot;Error communicating with the remote browser. It may have died.&quot;&#xA;code is below:&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.recaptcha-checkbox-checkmark&quot;)).click();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24211" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T09:00:34.233" Title="how to handle captcha in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-02-21T09:44:57.210" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25631" CreationDate="2017-02-21T06:00:09.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't handle captcha in selenium being one of its major Con. Alternatives are listed as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using Deathbycapthca API:&#xA;By using this external service you would be able to send the captcha to them to which in reverse you would be getting text to which you have to enter in the box and submit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Getting the captcha disabled in test environment if you can.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use image recolonization software like Sikuli (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt;), it’s an intelligent tool for recognizing the image. It’s an open source tool.&#xA;But less chance to work for read CAPTCHA but it work good for verify you image ,color and etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-solve-captcha-image-selenium-chetna-soni&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-solve-captcha-image-selenium-chetna-soni&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T06:00:09.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17315" CreationDate="2017-02-21T06:04:50.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would prefer to create a hybrid framework for once and all. It includes both keyword driven + data driven capabilities where you would be describing methods as business keywords and referencing them in an excel sheet along with data supposed to be tested and include TESTNG framework for grouping the test cases and created a property file where you could parameterize the tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this takes enough time in the beginning, I assure you the end result would be very productive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24147" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T06:04:50.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25631" CreationDate="2017-02-21T07:12:01.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;simple&lt;/em&gt; CAPTCHAs like the one below you can first extract the image with Selenium and then send it to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://ocr.space&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;free OCR.space OCR API&lt;/a&gt; for processing. This will return the text inside the (Captcha) image. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1YQ7J.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1YQ7J.png&quot; alt=&quot;OCR will return &amp;quot;Input this code: Z X 7 Z&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option for solving &lt;em&gt;simple&lt;/em&gt; Captchas (and running image/video-related tests in general) is to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu Browser&lt;/a&gt; (like &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;, but for the web browser). It has built-in OCR features. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastEditorUserId="23331" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T09:00:34.233" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T09:00:34.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25628" CreationDate="2017-02-21T07:57:51.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;white list, write a regular expression that verifies if a URL contains only alphanumerical characters or underscore. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T07:57:51.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25637" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25638" CreationDate="2017-02-21T08:15:29.603" Score="3" ViewCount="668" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a automation tester want to learn Jmeter. I have searched some materials on the net but it will be great for me to find some books.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19046" LastActivityDate="2018-10-25T06:49:19.340" Title="Can anyone suggest/recommend books for Jmeter for better handson" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-21T17:23:32.070" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25637" CreationDate="2017-02-21T08:20:08.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are not a lot of jMeter books, this one seems the most recommended: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/jmeter-cookbook&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/jmeter-cookbook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-users-one-book-you-must-read-year&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;According to BlazeMeter&lt;/a&gt; a must read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JMeter Users: The One Book You MUST Read This Year&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2018-10-25T06:49:19.340" LastActivityDate="2018-10-25T06:49:19.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25637" CreationDate="2017-02-21T08:21:16.127" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best place to start with are official:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Getting Started&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;User's Manual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Best Practices&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going forward you may find &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/ultimate-jmeter-resource-list&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Ultimate JMeter Resource List&lt;/a&gt; useful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T08:21:16.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25628" CreationDate="2017-02-21T08:43:56.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you really want to test all cases? I think not. The main reason to write unit-tests is being able to &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refactor&lt;/a&gt; the code in a later stage. Second it is to safeguard the public behavior of a class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case I would start writing three unit-tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A valid url&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An invalid url&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empty or null input parameter (function should probably not return null or throw an error)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code coverage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this I would check &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;code and branch coverage&lt;/a&gt; to be (near) 100%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mutation testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really want to be sure your unit-test suite will catch coding errors due to changes in the future you could now perform an automated &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/mutation-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mutation testing&lt;/a&gt; run. Now try to write tests for any surviving mutations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adding more cases when needed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If some url is not catched the code is tested and it is easy to add another test-case in a later stage. This will be good enough in most situations. Keep in mind that test-code is also code and needs to be maintained, try to keep it as simple as possible. Also apply &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Yagni.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Formal verification&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need more thorough testing have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_verification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;formal verification&lt;/a&gt; as a method to be 100% sure, but this is very effort expensive. I would only do this for extremely high risk situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe also read &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quantamagazine.org/20160920-formal-verification-creates-hacker-proof-code/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Computer scientists can prove certain programs to be error-free with&#xA;  the same certainty that mathematicians prove theorems. The advances&#xA;  are being used to secure everything from unmanned drones to the&#xA;  internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T09:00:58.563" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T09:00:58.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7641" CreationDate="2017-02-21T10:50:25.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This bug has been raised with SmartBear and details can be found here;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://community.smartbear.com/t5/SoapUI-NG/4-6-4-Boundary-tests-not-working-skipped/td-p/38588&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://community.smartbear.com/t5/SoapUI-NG/4-6-4-Boundary-tests-not-working-skipped/td-p/38588&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At time of writing, there is a workaround, but not a &quot;fix&quot; in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T10:50:25.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25645" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-21T11:24:05.160" Score="2" ViewCount="1736" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently having a discussion with my team about automation test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a repository that has develop branch and e2e_test branch (automation code). And they are two different projects. For automation, we test against the URL of the app, e.g Dev URL and Stage URL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thing is, developers keep merging the develop branch into e2e_test branch, which makes no sense to me, because automation code and SUT or product code are different things. I tried to explain to them, but they argued that when they developed new feature, than e2e_test branch must be updated with new code too. But once again, I told them that but they are too different projects, different code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And because of this merging, we have a lot of conflict between develop branch and e2e_test branch, which shouldn't have in the first place, because they are different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please correct me if I am wrong. And if it is really not necessary to merge develop branch into automation branch, could someone give me some link, or articles, etc. as a proof so that I can convince my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14900" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-02-22T12:29:35.047" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T12:29:35.047" Title="Should we store automation test code with the application code?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;test-architecture&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25645" CreationDate="2017-02-21T11:43:47.690" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I totally support your point of view, one of the common scenarios is when you test many projects using the same test code, I usually build a testing framework that might suit the projects that have same functionalities, and use it to test all projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that you can convince them by the idea that same automation code works with lots of projects, for example you can write login functionality test code once and use it whenever you have a login functionality to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing is if you have to merge the project code and test code in one place, this place should be e2e branch not e2e_test branch, because tests can not be done without a project to test but the opposite case is valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T11:43:47.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25645" CreationDate="2017-02-21T11:59:10.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like the following scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two distinct sections of code - application code and test code.&#xA;The code is separate and distinct, application vs testing, but there is one key point that joins them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The test code is running &lt;em&gt;against&lt;/em&gt; the application code&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you develop a test suite in the same general code base as the application because of the following factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the application is changed it may (even should) break tests and you want to know about that when changing the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When new functionality is added you need automated tests for it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When functionality is removed you need to update the automated tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically doing these things separately is a hallmark of a waterfall process and that may be what you are expecting.  Your colleagues on the other hand may be working on an Agile process and thus see application and test code being written hand-in-hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T11:59:10.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25645" CreationDate="2017-02-21T12:43:56.000" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, store the test-code as close to the application code as you can. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you develop with feature branches I would also build (or extend) the end2end tests in the same branch. The feature is not complete if it does not contain the end2end tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests are versioned with the feature, making it easier to support multiple versions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature branches can run all tests and can be released separately from other branches (e.g. merged to master after all tests pass)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No merge conflicts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Forces developers and testers to work together on a feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It minimizes handovers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers can maintain/fix tests with ease during feature development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can only come up with pro's for using the same branch. Get rid of your automation branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Different environments should be handled by configuration files. The version deployed to an environment will also contain all the tests so no problems here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;developers keep merging the develop branch into e2e_test branch&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a key software development practise called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtworks.com/continuous-integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt;&quot; explained well in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thoughtworks.com/continuous-integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;. I see no reason why the test automation code should be handled any different. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T12:43:56.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25627" CreationDate="2017-02-21T12:54:01.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A quick search gave what is probably the answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For NUnit, you need to use Category instead of TestCategory. You may also need to remove spaces - the examples online suggest that your TestCaseFilter should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Category=SmokeTest&amp;amp;Category!=Remote.chrome&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40249366/specify-nunit-categories-with-tfs-vnext-2015&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40249366/specify-nunit-categories-with-tfs-vnext-2015&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T12:54:01.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25350" CreationDate="2017-02-21T13:13:11.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a logic error in this line of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;If ((testObjProperty(obj,&quot;exist&quot;) = true) And (testObjProperty(obj,&quot;visible&quot;) = true) And (testObjProperty(obj,&quot;enabled&quot;) = true)) Then&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a logic statement &lt;code&gt;A And B And C&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;VBScript is computing each parameter A, B, C; regardless of the value of A, B and C&lt;/strong&gt;, even if A and B is &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt;, C is still evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the first statement &lt;code&gt;(testObjProperty(obj,&quot;exist&quot;) = true)&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt;, VBScript is still going to execute the second statement &lt;code&gt;(testObjProperty(obj,&quot;visible&quot;) = true)&lt;/code&gt; and it will definitely fail here one day because the object may not exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should perform the check below (pseudo-code):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;If Object.Exist Then&#xA;    If Object.Visible And Object.Enabled Then&#xA;        ...&#xA;    Else&#xA;        ...&#xA;    End If&#xA;Else&#xA;    ...&#xA;End If&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T16:29:12.923" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T16:29:12.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22621" CreationDate="2017-02-21T13:30:59.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definitely you can use OR condition such as &lt;code&gt;//a[text()='Or Conditions in ' | text()='Xpath']&lt;/code&gt; but as I understand your requirements, I would suggest using contains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your second xpath should work. Please check your text's case. Xpath is case sensitive so &lt;code&gt;or conditions in&lt;/code&gt; is not the same as &lt;code&gt;Or Conditions in&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19046" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T16:35:17.833" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T16:35:17.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25654" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25706" CreationDate="2017-02-21T14:59:13.607" Score="2" ViewCount="1320" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apologies if this is something fundamental which I should already know. I've got a test set up in jmeter using a Json Extractor. The data which it is extracting is in the format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;data item 1&quot;, &quot;data item 2&quot;, &quot;data item 3&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I have is that the extractor is pulling the data out and removing the spaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this normal? Or is there a setting I need to tweak to stop it doing this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The service under test is using a Swagger page as a front end and the output from the service is in the format I describe above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can alter my expected results to remove all the spaces, but this may cause issues further down the line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help much appreciated. Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-02-21T17:23:08.600" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T13:39:08.387" Title="Jmeter - Json Extractor removing white space causes test to fail" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2017-02-21T16:00:00.117" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;em&gt;simple&lt;/em&gt; CAPTCHAs like the one below you can first extract the image with Selenium and then send it to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://ocr.space&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;free OCR.space OCR API&lt;/a&gt; for processing. This will return the text inside the (Captcha) image. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1YQ7J.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1YQ7J.png&quot; alt=&quot;OCR will return &amp;quot;Input this code: Z X 7 Z&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option for solving &lt;em&gt;simple&lt;/em&gt; Captchas, and for running image/video-related tests in general, is to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu Browser&lt;/a&gt; (like &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;, but for the web browser). It has built-in OCR features. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T16:00:00.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17022" CreationDate="2017-02-21T16:42:31.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can bypass No CAPTCHA reCAPTCHA - details are on the Google Dev FAQ: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/faq#what-happens-to-recaptcha-v1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/faq#what-happens-to-recaptcha-v1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T16:42:31.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25657" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25659" CreationDate="2017-02-21T17:33:02.093" Score="1" ViewCount="1592" Body="&lt;p&gt;Running the Selenium Action class perform method throws &quot; org.openqa.selenium.UnsupportedCommandException:&quot; on eclipse. Can anyone advise on how to resolve it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package secondpackage;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Action;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;&#xA;public class MyTest {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;String baseUrl = &quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&quot;;&#xA;        WebDriver driver;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\xxx\\Documents\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);           &#xA;        WebElement link_Home = driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Home&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement td_Home = driver&#xA;                .findElement(By&#xA;                .xpath(&quot;//html/body/div&quot;&#xA;                + &quot;/table/tbody/tr/td&quot;&#xA;                + &quot;/table/tbody/tr/td&quot;&#xA;                + &quot;/table/tbody/tr/td&quot;&#xA;                + &quot;/table/tbody/tr&quot;));    &#xA;&#xA;        Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        Action mouseOverHome = builder&#xA;                .moveToElement(link_Home)&#xA;                .build();&#xA;&#xA;        String bgColor = td_Home.getCssValue(&quot;background-color&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Before hover: &quot; + bgColor);        &#xA;        **mouseOverHome.perform();**        &#xA;        bgColor = td_Home.getCssValue(&quot;background-color&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;After hover: &quot; + bgColor);&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is console log:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1487695499339   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:2786&#xA;Feb 21, 2017 5:44:59 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end&#xA;1487695500651   mozprofile::profile INFO    Using profile path C:\Users\ikenna\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.DJOOcSkDuPdH&#xA;1487695500754   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Starting browser C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&#xA;1487695500923   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Connecting to Marionette on localhost:62601&#xA;1487695520078   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 62601&#xA;JavaScript error: about:blank line 4 &amp;gt; eval, line 1: ReferenceError: gBrowser is not defined&#xA;Feb 21, 2017 5:45:34 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Detected dialect: W3C&#xA;Before hover: rgb(255, 165, 0)&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.UnsupportedCommandException: POST /session/be1883b8-da2a-401a-bcaa-5b73650a52b7/moveto did not match a known command&#xA;Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:43:45 -0700'&#xA;System info: host: 'ikenna-PC', ip: '192.168.1.120', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_111'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{rotatable=false, raisesAccessibilityExceptions=false, marionette=true, firefoxOptions={args=[], prefs={}}, appBuildId=20170125094131, version=, platform=XP, proxy={}, command_id=1, specificationLevel=0, acceptSslCerts=false, processId=7940, browserVersion=51.0.1, platformVersion=6.1, XULappId={ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}, browserName=firefox, takesScreenshot=true, takesElementScreenshot=true, platformName=windows_nt}]&#xA;Session ID: be1883b8-da2a-401a-bcaa-5b73650a52b7&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:127)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:93)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:42)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:163)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:601)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteExecuteMethod.execute(RemoteExecuteMethod.java:35)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteMouse.mouseMove(RemoteMouse.java:89)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.interactions.MoveMouseAction.perform(MoveMouseAction.java:39)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.interactions.CompositeAction.perform(CompositeAction.java:50)&#xA;    at secondpackage.MyTest.main(MyTest.java:34)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium 3.0.1 driver on firefox 51.0.1. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19146" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T20:53:26.190" Title="Selenium Action class perform method throws &quot; org.openqa.selenium.UnsupportedCommandException:&quot; when run on eclipse" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25658" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-21T18:47:25.000" Score="3" ViewCount="861" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just attended a webinar for Tricentis and their Tosca tool which looks promising.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can this be applied to the real world? Would this tool replace manual testing?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does Model Based testing really mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-22T01:59:02.567" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T01:59:02.567" Title="What is the advantage of Model Based Testing and how is it used in practice?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;model-based-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25657" CreationDate="2017-02-21T20:53:26.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It has not been implemented in the Gecko/Marinette driver yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Track the status of the implementation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1292178&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1292178&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/issues/159&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/issues/159&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a work around, you can do most things with the JavascriptExecutor: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-02-21T20:53:26.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25660" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25674" CreationDate="2017-02-21T23:20:10.757" Score="1" ViewCount="439" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can one apply Window Object Model to a WPF application (or POM for web application) that actually doesn't contain different windows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, I'm working on automating WPF application using CodedUI, and that application doesn't contain different windows for each module. My application under test is using only one WpfWindow and other windows are being displayed inside that main window only. So, what approach should I take to use Window Object Model in my testing or in this case I can't use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T13:07:10.093" Title="How to apply POM to single window application using CodedUI" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25661" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-21T23:23:26.543" Score="0" ViewCount="560" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run a test program to confirm my selenium installation. I have a 64 bit windows desktop and have downloaded the 64 bit version of Geckodriver from seleniumhq.org &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my source code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Name&#xA;{&#xA; public static void main(String[] args)&#xA; {&#xA;&#xA;    String Firefoxdriverpath = &quot;C://Desktop//geckodriver-v0.14.0-win64//geckodriver.exe&quot;;   &#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, Firefoxdriverpath);&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting a runtime error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/common/base/Function&#xA;    at Name.main(Name.java:15)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.google.common.base.Function&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    ... 1 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pointers on what I may be missing is helpful?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24227" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T09:29:47.183" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T17:29:40.770" Title="Unable to launch Firefox w/geckodriver (v0.14.0) on Selenium ( Java 3.1.0)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2017-09-25T18:24:09.250" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25477" CreationDate="2017-02-22T01:40:45.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As some of the other folks said, I'd be reluctant to commit to a percent of defects reduction, especially since the number of defects that are found in the field at any given year is very dependent on your product cycle.  Unless you can be sure that all of your users are always using the most recent version of the product, there's an unknown/unknowable number of defects that are currently baked in to your numbers.  And even then, if you have 15 customers, and 5 of them bought the product, but haven't actually used it yet, they're probably going to find some number of defects whenever they do start using the product, and that's out of your control.  And at some level, would be a good thing.  More defects can mean lower quality, but it can also mean more users, or more usage, or different usage, or a number of other things.  If you're providing some sort of managed service, you might be able to ignore some of the above, but not all of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do want to reduce defects, you need to understand them.  There's a methodology called Orthogonal Defect Classification that you could take as inspiration, if not use it exactly.  It does require a fair amount of historical data, and also a defined development and test process, and depending on the size of your development/test team, may not be appropriate to use as is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you could use part of it, namely, review all of the defects found in the field, and think about what it would have taken to find the defect prior to it being found in the field.  Was it a design issue?  A load/stress issue?  A serialization issue?  Related to a specific hardware or software configuration?  A problem with some sort of recovery code?  Functional regression?  You need to be very honest with yourself/your organization when doing this review.  At some level, once you know that a problem exists, you can probably envision ways you could have found that specific problem.  But you need to think about problems in terms of classes, not individual problems.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if, for example, if there was a video card driver that revealed a problem, the way you would have increased your chance of finding that class of problem would have involved running a host of test systems with different video cards, and many different video card driver levels.  And that would be an ongoing effort, because nvidia and AMD put out drivers on a regular basis, so you'd need to test all combinations of currently supported levels of the software every time a new driver was released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, after you've reviewed the defects, sorted them into classes, and then thought about how you'd find that class of problems, then you can put proposals for reducing defects together.  It's possible you'll find a class or classes of defects that you could find quickly and easily, and that would be great.  And there may be other classes that could have been prevented entirely if the developers had code reviews, or used different compiler options, or whatever.  But after any of those, there's a business decision to be made, as there are going to be either tradeoffs or some sort of investment required, and the powers that be will need to decide if finding that class of defect is worth the investment, either as a one-off cost or an ongoing investment.  Or, if they don't want to make the investment, but do want to reduce the likelihood of a certain class of defect being found in the field, some other classes of defect are likely to increase as you reduce one sort of testing to focus on another sort.  (Although you may be able to, by analyzing the problems you find in test, find areas/methods of testing that aren't finding many problems, so you could potentially recommend certain areas as being less risky to reduce than others.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I'd be very reluctant to commit to a percent of defects reduction.  What I would commit to, after doing the analysis, is making changes to the development/test processes that would reduce the likelihood of classes of defects, and then give the powers that be a list of other classes of defects and what the cost of reducing them would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you need to keep doing the analysis, probably for several years, to see if you were correct, and you have reduced the number of defects of that class (relative to product usage), or if you need to make some sort of course correction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T01:40:45.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25658" CreationDate="2017-02-22T01:42:47.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea is that you use a simple high level to model the interactions with automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then use those automated tests against a variety of different devices and platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantage is that you don't need extensive programming skills or need to change to code for every client device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The downside is that you are limited to the functionality provided by the product, tied in to its bugs and limited to the devices it provides and maintains adapters for.  Also you're still going to write 'steps' and as you test cases expand, discipline for using techniques like DRY, Happy-Sad-Optional, Given, When, Then and Page Objects will increasingly require programming skills to organize effectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-22T01:47:47.420" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T01:47:47.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25658" CreationDate="2017-02-22T01:58:45.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm unfamiliar with Tosca Tool specifically...but model based testing is designed to mimic the Arch Design and Detailed Code Design modeling structure with testing.  Under the hood you could see the unit testing lining up with this, but model based testing try's to take it a step further and get the functional and automation testing in line with the models.  This approach does sync up the application as a whole if all the pieces are done right and targets specific code layout instead of just the GUI and user story layout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no replacement for manual testing as the actual test engineer is needed to bring the human perspective to the application usage.  There can be more confidence in the code coverage with automation and functional tests with the overall application due to the model traceability, but that doesn't replace the analysis of the tester while executing tests.  You can have a perfectly designed and built system that functions to spec and still sucks for real people using it because of usability issues (i.e. coloring, control layout, eye focusing, etc...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modeling works great on some projects and is overkill or doesn't really match other projects.  Also as with any automation framework tool, it should help generate some things to prevent excessive user effort, but never effort free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T01:58:45.273" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22967" CreationDate="2017-02-22T06:38:15.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my opinion. We should avoid the id or indexing. I am the automation tester and i have seen various application in which id was dynamic and also element changes the place randomly. To handle such kind of situation i tried to make unique xpaths with using various methods, such as starts-with, ends-with, not(contains,'') and contains(,''). So i would suggest use these methods to find the element uniquely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19046" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T06:38:15.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25660" CreationDate="2017-02-22T13:31:39.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of course you can use the WOM/POM. You need to consider &lt;strong&gt;DRY&lt;/strong&gt; (Don't Repeat Yourself) and &lt;strong&gt;Single Responsibility/Ownership&lt;/strong&gt; (Each function is owned by exactly one object, and is the sole responsibility of that object).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can define parent/child relationships within your model objects to deal with the fact that your application creates child windows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if your application has a login, you'd have a &lt;code&gt;LoginWindow&lt;/code&gt; object to handle logging in. You might also have a &lt;code&gt;HomeWindow&lt;/code&gt; object for the home screen after a successful login. If your application uses components that can appear on more than one window/screen/module define an object for these components, such as &lt;code&gt;MiniCartComponent&lt;/code&gt; for (as an example) the shopping cart icon that displays on multiple screens/pages in a web store app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach here would be to start with the obvious objects, create helper libraries for routine repeated tasks like navigation between screens, and refactor as necessary until the whole thing was as clean as I could get it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T13:31:39.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="93" CreationDate="2017-02-22T14:59:12.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jamesshore/quixote&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quixote&lt;/a&gt; is an actual css testing library - you can either use it for direct unit testing or integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24236" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T14:59:12.537" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-02-22T14:59:12.537" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-22T16:17:11.780" Score="3" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am the only one manual tester in a team that develops a heavy single page application. &#xA;Recently we have received a complain from our user, that the application is very slow, hangs and crashes every time when he's using it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first time I am dealing with this kind of situation. So far I've gathered the following clues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The information about user's environment has been collected (OS, browser version - latest chrome, win7)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User has a slow internet. He claimed his speed is ~2MBPS. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The problem seems to occur when the tab with an application has been idle for a long time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The problem also seems to be related to heavy content that he created.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I have failed to reproduce the issue in the similar to what he has environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could be the next steps for me to take as a tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17945" LastEditorUserId="21577" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T01:42:03.787" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T01:42:03.787" Title="User reported that SPA is slow, crashes and hangs. How to handle?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25660" CreationDate="2017-02-22T16:21:11.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Martin Fowler's definition of Page Objects is really helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Despite the term &quot;page&quot; object, these objects shouldn't usually be built for each page, but rather for the significant elements on a page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, as Kate has suggested, you can continue to use good practice OOP principles for each of your objects, with functional groupings rather than 'page' groupings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17933" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T16:21:11.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25676" CreationDate="2017-02-22T18:07:56.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The procedure we follow in such situations that we simulate the environment of the user, if we could not reproduce it, then in our report we mention that we could not reproduce it due to these reasons (&quot;lack of info&quot;, &quot;lack of hardware&quot;, &quot;need more loaded DB&quot;, etc...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you have all the conditions the user has then in the report say that you simulated the user's environment and nothing happened, so the user might has done something wrong (&quot;wrong settings&quot;,&quot;deleted files&quot;, etc...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually the applications record log files that often give a clue of what the problem is, so if your application generates log files then ask the user to provide you with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice is that the user might not know how to describe the conditions well, so keep trying (&quot;more loaded DB&quot;, press more, test more scenarios, try more clients connecting to same server, etc..), and mention all things you did in the report.&#xA;Tester mind should be like, &quot;How can I break this?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23028" LastActivityDate="2017-02-22T18:07:56.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-23T01:51:09.580" Score="0" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to verify that there is a button on the page named Select. The Select button has a dynamic span id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what firebug is showing me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;span id=&quot;dijit_form_Button_18&quot; class=&quot;dijitReset dijitStretch dijitButtonContents&quot; data-dojo-attach-point=&quot;titleNode,focusNode&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;dijit_form_Button_18_label&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-disabled=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;-moz-user-select: none;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(&quot;button&quot;,driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[.='Select']&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;role&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23964" LastEditorUserId="23406" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T18:04:50.057" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T09:00:02.447" Title="Trying to assert role = Button when using a dyanmic span id" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-03-02T15:38:02.487" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-23T06:06:50.190" Score="1" ViewCount="32875" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created 2 classes in 2 packages under one project and calling one method of class A into class B by creating object of class but it is giving me null pointer exception below is the code can any one help on this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Login;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import Repository.Objects;&#xA;&#xA;// import Repository.Objects;&#xA;&#xA;public class Loginasa {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public static  WebDriver driver;&#xA;     String baseUrl;&#xA;&#xA;     @BeforeSuite&#xA;     public void setUp() throws Exception &#xA;     {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;E:\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver =new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        baseUrl= &quot;http://10.7.30.135:9090/xGLinear/login.html&quot;;&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test &#xA;     public void Newlogin() throws Exception &#xA;     {&#xA;     // driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(Objects.Username)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(Objects.Username)).sendKeys(&quot;ASA&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(Objects.Password)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(Objects.Password)).sendKeys(&quot;Abcd1234&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(Objects.loginbtn)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(20000);&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterTest&#xA;      public void tearDown() throws Exception &#xA;     {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Browser Launch&quot;);&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Commonmethods;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import Login.Loginasa;&#xA;&#xA;public class CreateOrderline  {&#xA;&#xA;    public static  WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl;&#xA;&#xA;     @BeforeTest&#xA;     public void setUp() throws Exception &#xA;     {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;E:\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver =new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        baseUrl= &quot;http://10.7.30.135:9090/xGLinear/login.html&quot;;&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test &#xA;     public void Orderline () throws Exception &#xA;     {&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        Loginasa ASA= new Loginasa();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Browser Launch&quot;);&#xA;         ASA.Newlogin();&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;&#xA;         @AfterTest&#xA;          public void tearDown() throws Exception &#xA;         {&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Browser Launch&quot;);&#xA;       }&#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Giving Error: NULL Pointer Exception............&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24244" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T06:16:01.403" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T13:05:35.427" Title="How to pass the WebDriver instance to other Class in Selenium/Java/TestNG?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25681" CreationDate="2017-02-23T06:54:14.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure it's good design to call one test from another fixture. Had problems with that in the past. You might consider using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Objects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyhow, in your case it looks like you have a NullPointerException because ASA.setUp() isn't called before calling ASA.NewLogin() when the setup method of the referring class is called.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Though it's C# you can find a working proposal of how to organize your test code &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mathume/SeleniumPOC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1130" LastEditorUserId="1130" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T07:26:32.130" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T07:26:32.130" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2327" CreationDate="2017-02-23T07:09:41.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Kate already gave quite a good answer.&#xA;From my experience I'd like to add&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;avoid heavy test/mock frameworks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some mighty frameworks out there that let you virtually break any restrictions that have been imposed by design or language on the legacy code. Though it's true that these are very useful to write characterization tests &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; moving legacy to more testable units, I think they must not be overused. If you use those you'll introduce a new dependency and not really improve the existing code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &lt;em&gt;characterization tests&lt;/em&gt; are defined by Michael Feathers in &lt;a href=&quot;https://g.co/kgs/rTIKiL&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;as a suite of automated tests that describe the current behaviour of your piece of code and that will have to pass still after refactoring your code.&#xA;Though concentrating on Java I recommend you to read the book as it has great ideas about working with legacy code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1130" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T07:09:41.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25685" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25690" CreationDate="2017-02-23T10:01:52.217" Score="2" ViewCount="4130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created test cases for email but there are multiple negative test cases for email field then how should I pass multiple values in the input field. I have created function.but don't is that should I have to create more than one function for that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication1&quot;)&#xA;    public static Object[][] credentials1()&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        return new Object[][] { { &quot;12234&quot;, &quot; %&amp;amp;^%&quot;,&quot;gfdgfdg&quot;,&quot; dfg&quot;,&quot;gfdg &quot;} };&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;Authentication1&quot; )&#xA;    public void invaliddata(String fname, String lname,String email,String pass,String cpass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement firstname = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;FirstName&quot;));&#xA;        firstname.clear();&#xA;        firstname.sendKeys(fname);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement lastname = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;LastName&quot;));&#xA;        lastname.clear();&#xA;        lastname.sendKeys(lname);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement mail = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;));&#xA;        mail.clear();&#xA;        mail.sendKeys(email);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Password&quot;));&#xA;        password .clear();&#xA;        password .sendKeys(pass);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement conpassword = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ConfirmPassword&quot;));&#xA;        conpassword .clear();&#xA;        conpassword.sendKeys(cpass);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement register = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;register-button&quot;));&#xA;        register.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-02-23T12:57:01.440" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T12:57:01.440" Title="How to make multiple testcases of one value" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9313" CreationDate="2017-02-23T10:22:39.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As said above, Internal transfer are best way to start your career. If so you do not find any opportunity, then with &lt;strong&gt;free beta testing&lt;/strong&gt; opportunity available for lots of Mobile application, build your reputation in testing community. Later you can start freelancing showing some testing portfolio/experience and get projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also try to learn functional automation and non-functional testing in spare time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T10:22:39.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25685" CreationDate="2017-02-23T12:53:33.520" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this scenario; you have two options to test your Authentication scenario for multiple test data's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Use Data provider with two-dimensional java object&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2) Passing data to DataProvider from Excel sheet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Use Data provider with two-dimensional java object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data provider returns a two-dimensional java object to the test method and the test method will invoke M times in a M*N type of object array. For example, if the DataProvider returns an array of 2*3 objects, the corresponding test case will be invoked 2 times with 3 parameters each time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public class Dataprovider&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;        @BeforeTest&#xA;        public void setup()&#xA;        {&#xA;             driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;             driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;             driver.get(&quot;https://google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        @Test(dataProvider=&quot;SearchProvider&quot;)&#xA;        public void testMethod(String author,String searchKey) throws InterruptedException{&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                WebElement searchText = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;));&#xA;                searchText.sendKeys(searchKey);&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Welcome -&amp;gt;&quot;+author+&quot; Your search key is-&amp;gt;&quot;+searchKey);&#xA;&#xA;                String testValue = searchText.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;                System.out.println(testValue +&quot;::::&quot;+searchKey);&#xA;                searchText.clear();&#xA;&#xA;                //Verify if the value in google search box is correct&#xA;                Assert.assertTrue(testValue.equalsIgnoreCase(searchKey));&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        /**&#xA;         * @return Object[][] where first column contains 'author'&#xA;         * and second column contains 'searchKey'&#xA;         */&#xA;&#xA;        @DataProvider(name=&quot;SearchProvider&quot;)&#xA;        public Object[][] getDataFromDataprovider()&#xA;        {&#xA;            return new Object[][] &#xA;            {&#xA;                { &quot;India&quot;, &quot;Delhi&quot; },&#xA;&#xA;                { &quot;US&quot;, &quot;Los Angles&quot; },&#xA;&#xA;                { &quot;japan&quot;, &quot;Tokiyo&quot; }&#xA;&#xA;            };&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2) Passing data to DataProvider from Excel sheet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DataProvider helps to send multiple sets of data to a test method. But here we need to make sure that the array returned by the dataprovider should match with the test method parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a simple program in which we will validate login screen by taking multiple usernames and passwords. The annotated method must return object[][] where each object[] can be assigned to the test method one as username and the other parameter as password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ReadExcelDataProvider {&#xA;    public WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public WebDriverWait wait;&#xA;    String appURL = &quot;Your baseUrl&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    //Locators&#xA;    private By byEmail = By.id(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;    private By byPassword = By.id(&quot;session_password-login&quot;);&#xA;    private By bySubmit = By.id(&quot;signin&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public void testSetup() {&#xA;        driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider=&quot;empLogin&quot;)&#xA;    public void VerifyInvalidLogin(String userName, String password) &#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(appURL);&#xA;        driver.findElement(byEmail).sendKeys(userName);&#xA;        driver.findElement(byPassword).sendKeys(password);&#xA;&#xA;        //wait for element to be visible and perform click&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(bySubmit));&#xA;        driver.findElement(bySubmit).click();&#xA;&#xA;        //Check for error message&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(byError));&#xA;        String actualErrorDisplayed = driver.findElement(byError).getText();&#xA;        String requiredErrorMessage = &quot;Please correct the marked field(s) below.&quot;;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(requiredErrorMessage, actualErrorDisplayed);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @DataProvider(name=&quot;empLogin&quot;)&#xA;    public Object[][] loginData() &#xA;    {&#xA;        Object[][] arrayObject = getExcelData(&quot;D:/sampledoc.xls&quot;,&quot;Sheet1&quot;);&#xA;        return arrayObject;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public String[][] getExcelData(String fileName, String sheetName) &#xA;    {&#xA;        String[][] arrayExcelData = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            FileInputStream fs = new FileInputStream(fileName);&#xA;            Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(fs);&#xA;            Sheet sh = wb.getSheet(sheetName);&#xA;&#xA;            int totalNoOfCols = sh.getColumns();&#xA;            int totalNoOfRows = sh.getRows();&#xA;&#xA;            arrayExcelData = new String[totalNoOfRows-1][totalNoOfCols];&#xA;&#xA;            for (int i= 1 ; i &amp;lt; totalNoOfRows; i++) {&#xA;&#xA;                for (int j=0; j &amp;lt; totalNoOfCols; j++) {&#xA;                    arrayExcelData[i-1][j] = sh.getCell(j, i).getContents();&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } catch (BiffException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        return arrayExcelData;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void tearDown() {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T12:53:33.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9313" CreationDate="2017-02-23T15:00:42.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You certainly have a lot of financial domain knowledge which will be useful for testing financial apps.  You can &quot;try on&quot; testing as a job though some of the crowd-sourced testing services.  These services, like utest.com or mob4hire.com will setup paid testing gigs (often paid for the bug submitted).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Weekend testing (&lt;a href=&quot;http://weekendtesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://weekendtesting.com/&lt;/a&gt;) is another way to try the role. They organize test cycles, share results, and support each-other by organizing test cycles during, well, the weekend.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are a couple of ways to build experience, and see if you like testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T15:00:42.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25693" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-23T18:49:00.777" Score="4" ViewCount="29026" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to find an element which is visible by mouse hover and I need to click on it and it then opens a text field. When I give the XPath for the element in fire-path, it detects 6 instances of the element. I need the first element. I'm using Java and when I try to run the script it gives me error about unable to locate the element &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GB0wk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GB0wk.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18275" LastEditorUserId="22960" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T11:16:57.550" LastActivityDate="2021-02-03T06:38:29.763" Title="How to locate an element which is visible only by mouse hover in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25693" CreationDate="2017-02-23T21:18:03.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;By definition locators should be unique, if your locator returns 6 matches it means it's not unique. &#xA;If you want to use hover, you can either use Actions class in selenium to achieve this, or use JavaScript Executor to do a hover( Not recommended though) &#xA;Alternatively you could change your locators to use css selector(Highly recommended) , class names etc &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8021" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T21:18:03.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="93" CreationDate="2017-02-23T21:24:55.970" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are an open source enthusiast then you have &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Huddle/PhantomCSS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhantomCSS&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Else you can use commercially available tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://applitools.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Applitools&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8021" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T21:24:55.970" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-02-23T21:24:55.970" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25693" CreationDate="2017-02-23T21:44:24.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;use getattribute function in the webdriver with the Xpath then you will get that specific instance of the element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  Boolean b= driver.findbyelement(by.xpath(&quot;&quot;)).getattribute('transparent');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check b is true or false if it true then you are select the correct instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can use the css as well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findbyelement(by.xpath(&quot;&quot;)).getattribute('background-color');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14409" LastActivityDate="2017-02-23T21:44:24.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25697" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-24T07:09:22.640" Score="0" ViewCount="1164" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, in our code base, we have unit tests written for each class and its classes coverage is close to 89%. Now, my task is to increase code coverage wrt functional tests which is about 56%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional tests have end to end flows, and I am not sure how to really increase the coverage. I feel it's an incomplete question and also my effort so far is negligent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where should I start?&lt;/strong&gt; (Also, should I exclude classes like utilities, loggers, DAO etc? What determines the exclusions?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24262" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-02-24T19:45:00.610" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T22:25:32.793" Title="How should I go ahead and increase code coverage from functional tests report?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25679" CreationDate="2017-02-24T09:00:02.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there is no good Xpath or CSS Selector solution, the method that always works is some visual check with &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io/sikuli&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SikuliX automates anything you see on the screen of your desktop computer running Windows, Mac or some Linux/Unix. It uses image recognition powered by OpenCV to identify and control GUI components. This is handy in cases when there is no easy access to a GUI's internals or the source code of the application or web page you want to act on. It can be &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.devengineering.com/blog/testing/how-integrate-sikuli-script-selenium-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;combined with Selenium&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T09:00:02.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7312" CreationDate="2017-02-24T09:03:58.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As suggested by R-R, toolsQA is good website to start selenium from beginning.&#xA;Here are the &lt;a href=&quot;http://qalititude.blogspot.in/2016/03/demo-practice-website-for-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Demo website list&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; specially designed to learn selenium automation with your preferred language, all the available option to work with textbox, list, dropdown list, radio/check box, and many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T09:03:58.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25693" CreationDate="2017-02-24T10:27:43.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Xpath offers a way to select the Nth matching element of your expression by giving:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//expression[n]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this is going to select all the Nth &lt;code&gt;children&lt;/code&gt; elements of matching nodes to your expression. So, it will return many results in your case also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there is a solution. In order to achieve a &lt;code&gt;global&lt;/code&gt; selection of the Nth matching element you need to wrap your expression in parantheses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(//expression)[n]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your case it would be (note the wrapping parantheses):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(//i[@title='Rename' and ng-click='editCampaignName($index)'])[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let us know if it worked for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Credits: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/18580255/3652270&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/18580255/3652270&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23546" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T19:15:46.823" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25701" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-24T10:40:53.670" Score="0" ViewCount="1022" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have taken two outputs  which are &lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;  type from the UI and the Database.&#xA;So now i need to compair the two &lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; .&#xA;Im using nunit.&#xA;How to perform this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T11:38:46.887" Title="Assert two IList&lt;IWebElement&gt; selenium c#" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25702" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25729" CreationDate="2017-02-24T11:07:09.583" Score="3" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found a defect using an LG G4 android device. It has a 5 inch screen and the manufacturer writes that it's resolution is  2560 x 1440 (Quad HD) PPI 538.&#xA;I would like to report the defect stating the device and resolution but I would also like the developers to be able to replicate it using 'responsive design mode' or 'mobile view' from a browser on a PC. Setting the mobile view of a browser to 2560 x 1440 though, makes the screen really large.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I know the right resolution in order to replicate the screen size of each mobile device in mobile view?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23509" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T18:10:19.133" Title="How to report screen resolution of mobile phone for devs to replicate using 'mobile view'?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25693" CreationDate="2017-02-24T11:14:05.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The xpath is a good idea but if you keep getting an error, try to use a JavascriptExecutor to click on the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//(i[@title='Rename' and ng-click='editCampaignName($index)'])[1]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        //in order to click a non visible element&#xA;        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;        js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23509" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T11:14:05.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25704" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25701" CreationDate="2017-02-24T11:38:46.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to provide an &lt;code&gt;IEqualityComparer&lt;/code&gt; that implements the &lt;code&gt;Equals&lt;/code&gt; and the &lt;code&gt;GetHashCode&lt;/code&gt; methods according to your logic of comparison.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class WebElementEqualityComparer : IEqualityComparer&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;&#xA;{&#xA;    public bool Equals(IWebElement w1, IWebElement w2)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return true; //put your comparison logic here&#xA;    }&#xA;    public int GetHashCode(IWebElement wx)&#xA;    {&#xA;        int hCode = 1111; //put your logic of creating a hash code from your IWebElement here&#xA;        return hCode.GetHashCode();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can use the above newly created comparer as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; db = ...// your IList comming from DB&#xA;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; ui = ...// your IList comming from UI&#xA;// assert this value is true&#xA;Assert.IsTrue(db.SequenceEqual(ui, new WebElementEqualityComparer()));&#xA;// or false as expected&#xA;Assert.IsFalse(db.SequenceEqual(ui, new WebElementEqualityComparer()));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Credits: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/19553574/3652270&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/19553574/3652270&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NUnit condition assertions: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/Assert.True&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/Assert.True&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23546" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T11:38:46.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25705" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-24T13:00:23.370" Score="2" ViewCount="15959" Body="&lt;p&gt;ChromeDriver Version 2.27&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The case, my aplication have duble authentication (depending where the user want to access).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First I execute the login and do some clicks, after that I click on the BTN that needs another login. Another window open (I mean, window *is not a pop up or browser alert) so the user needs to login again. When the user login the window close automatically and the driver lose itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm working with 7 classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriverTeste (open browser - Main)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoginElements (get the web element)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoginAcitions (execute clicks or every command)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PageElements (get the web element)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PageActions (execute clicks or every command)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Constants (my users, url and passwords)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SendMail (just a class who send mails)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So on &lt;code&gt;PageActions&lt;/code&gt; I created a public method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static String backToParentBrowser(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    String parentWindow= driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;    return parentWindow;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the first window (after open the other) and on LoginAcitions I call this method after this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    for (String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);&#xA;    }&#xA;} catch (Exception e) {&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;{  (my code with Second Login)  }&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(PageActions.backToParentBrowser(driver));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But didn´t work it :(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Errors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[80.825][SEVERE]: Unable to receive message from renderer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &amp;quot;main&amp;quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException: no such window: target window already closed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone can help me? Thanks a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24266" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T09:57:12.777" Title="How to handle a window which automatically closes and back to parent window" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25654" CreationDate="2017-02-24T13:39:08.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I asked the same question in the main Stack Overflow space and got a good answer back from someone there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42369834/jmeter-json-extractor-removing-white-space-causes-test-to-fail&quot;&gt;jmeter-json-extractor-removing-white-space-causes-test-to-fail - Answered&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T13:39:08.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25705" CreationDate="2017-02-24T14:49:08.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I solved it with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;created a var on my main class like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ChromeTest {&#xA;&#xA;    **public static String parentWindow;**&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And inside my main :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;parentWindow= driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And just put the switchTo in the same moment that the window close automatically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(ChromeTest.parentWindow);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The console keep showing the msg &quot;[81.322][SEVERE]: Unable to receive message from renderer&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method backToParentBrowser was deleted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now it works :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24266" LastEditorUserId="24266" LastEditDate="2017-02-24T16:38:27.327" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T16:38:27.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25676" CreationDate="2017-02-24T16:28:01.823" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Establish &lt;strong&gt;minimal requirements&lt;/strong&gt; to use the application. Recent version of browser, minimal internet speed, etc. State that for obsolete browsers, old versions of OS and slow connection speed, performance of the app might not be reliable, and you are not testing for such configuration and &lt;strong&gt;cannot guarantee the functionality&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write polite email to the customer that his &lt;strong&gt;bug report was entered in bug database&lt;/strong&gt; and will be prioritized to work accordingly, with &lt;strong&gt;more priority given to more common requests&lt;/strong&gt;. This should give them a hint. Ask if using faster connection is an option (at least temporarily) while trying to troubleshoot. Tell him that increasing the connection speed solved problems for other (if that is true).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First priority is to focus on areas which will benefit most of your customer base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If one small customer who refuses to upgrade his/her internet connection customer is taking lots of your development resources,  you are doing it wrong. If one customer wants custom solution, to handle singular particular requirements benefiting no-one else, that &lt;strong&gt;customer should pay for such development&lt;/strong&gt;. It would be unfair to expect other customers to &lt;strong&gt;subsidize&lt;/strong&gt; efforts not benefiting them, jut that one customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't need to hang to all your customers - only to the &lt;strong&gt;profitable&lt;/strong&gt; ones. If supporting requests to a customer costs more than that customer pays for services, sound business decision is either increase price of services or abandon the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-02-24T18:15:31.913" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T18:15:31.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25710" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-24T20:28:06.460" Score="1" ViewCount="705" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium/java and have a drop down list for languages. This list contains multiple variations of &quot;English&quot; as you can see in the code below. I want to select just &quot;English&quot;. I thought of getting the div tag with span tag containing &quot;English&quot; and not containing &quot;Creoles&quot; (first option) and not containing open parenthesis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its omitting the first option but not reading the &quot;(&quot; which is after the span tag but still inside the div tag. How can I write the xpath to read the text inside div which is after the span element?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[./span[text()='English'] and not(contains(text(),'Creoles')) and not(contains(text(), '('))]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML Code: (There are more variations of English but showing only 4 below)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul id=&quot;oj-listbox-results-contentItemId-67&quot; class=&quot;oj-listbox-results&quot; role=&quot;listbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;oj-listbox-results-depth-0 oj-listbox-result oj-listbox-result-selectable&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;oj-listbox-result-label-6829&quot; class=&quot;oj-listbox-result-label&quot; role=&quot;option&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        Creoles and pidgins, &#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;oj-listbox-highlighter&quot;&amp;gt;English&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        based&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;oj-listbox-results-depth-0 oj-listbox-result oj-listbox-result-selectable&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;oj-listbox-result-label-6830&quot; class=&quot;oj-listbox-result-label&quot; role=&quot;option&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;oj-listbox-highlighter&quot;&amp;gt;English&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;oj-listbox-results-depth-0 oj-listbox-result oj-listbox-result-selectable&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;oj-listbox-result-label-6831&quot; class=&quot;oj-listbox-result-label&quot; role=&quot;option&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;oj-listbox-highlighter&quot;&amp;gt;English&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        (Australia)&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;oj-listbox-results-depth-0 oj-listbox-result oj-listbox-result-selectable oj-hover&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;oj-listbox-result-label-6832&quot; class=&quot;oj-listbox-result-label&quot; role=&quot;option&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;oj-listbox-highlighter&quot;&amp;gt;English&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        (Belize)&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24271" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T21:24:07.810" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T21:24:07.810" Title="How to select an item from a drop down list with same text appearing along with other text" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25710" CreationDate="2017-02-24T20:50:32.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the IDs on the DIVs are static (don't dynamically change each time you load the page) then you should be able click on it. You'll probably have to click on the dropdown first to display the options and then click on the individual English selection. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't write Java but in Ruby it would look something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@driver.find_element(id: 'oj-listbox-result-label-6831').click()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T20:50:32.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25710" CreationDate="2017-02-24T21:55:48.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On researching and reading further on this issue I saw few posts on using text() vs . I changed my xpath to use . instead of text() to read the text inside the div tag and it correctly identified those text. Since there is a space in the text for all other options except the one with just English, it works if I change my xpath to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[./span[text()='English'] and not(contains(.,' '))]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems text() only reads the value until the next tag is encountered, in my case span tag but . (dot) can read values irrespective of other tags inside of the div tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This post has really good explanation: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38240763/xpath-difference-between-dot-and-text&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38240763/xpath-difference-between-dot-and-text&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24271" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T22:22:54.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25697" CreationDate="2017-02-24T22:25:32.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few factors to consider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is code coverage an adequate functional test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the end goal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the most efficient and productive way to accomplish your goal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main goal of functional testing is to ensure the desired functionality works the way it's intended to work.  Whether this takes 4 lines of code or 400 lines of code is irrelevant.  The user might utilize the same 20 lines of code 400 times in different ways and be happy with it or they may have 400 different complaints for the same 20 lines of code.  Thus functionally testing the code and calling it &quot;covered&quot; defeats the whole point of functional testing in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The end goal is a solid application which matches the defined specifications and satisfies the end users needs.  You could add that following good practices is a part of it as well.  This being said, unit testing in it's very nature should accomplish the result of ensuring the code works as intended and it follows proper coding standards.  There is no need to &quot;repeat&quot; a unit test on the gui (except like javascript or something that is gui manipulation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the end goal would better be suited to: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit test and ensure your code works and is up to standards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional test to ensure the specs are covered adequately and user friendly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you want a measurement then see how much code is touched by functional testing and ask yourself, if everything is accomplished by x% is the rest of the code bloated or not usable?  Maybe refactor?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The #3 question should hopefully come back with a standardized structure, security measures, boundary cases, etc...in which case you could add those functional tests as well if you desire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main point though is a different perspective.  Functional testing should never be focused on the code, but on the experience of the application functionality.  Otherwise you are spending alot of time doing unit testing on the gui instead of actually ensuring quality in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-02-24T22:25:32.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25715" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-25T08:09:16.350" Score="1" ViewCount="209" Body="&lt;p&gt;Searching for a solution(tool) for comparing two images (1. expected image, 2. real time captured image) to identify difference with high accuracy for automation testing to integrate it with VB.net.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it also supports OCR functionality then one more problem of mine will be solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24274" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T11:49:25.943" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T11:58:23.107" Title="Searching for a solution (or tool) for comparing two image" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;image-based-testing&gt;&lt;vb.net&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-27T13:45:29.443" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25120" CreationDate="2017-02-25T09:24:33.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's an interesting link about integrating robot framework tests with JMeter - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/p/rf-jmeter-py/wiki/Home/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot framework JMeter library&lt;/a&gt;. The generated JMeter JTL files, that this integration produces can be easily used in Blazemeter. Another approach is to try integrating with Taurus performance test tool. It's python based, as well as robot framework. The link to information on how to organize test infrastructure with Taurus and Blazemeter you'll find &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-automate-jmeter-and-selenium-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in the article how to automate selenium and JMeter testing, using Taurus&lt;/a&gt;. The resulted code can be used in Blazemeter as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23889" LastEditorUserId="28469" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T17:30:52.130" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T17:30:52.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25715" CreationDate="2017-02-25T11:47:10.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are numerous ways to compare images from most programming languages. You could try the open-source library &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.imagemagick.org/script/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ImageMagick&lt;/a&gt; which also has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://magick.codeplex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;.Net implementation here&lt;/a&gt;. If the .Net library doesn't work you can always install the program itself and run it from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10261521/how-to-run-dos-cmd-command-prompt-commands-from-vb-net&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Process.start&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ImageMagick has extensive compare options, running a percentage match, display the difference if it fails. Check the compare functionality here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.imagemagick.org/script/compare.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.imagemagick.org/script/compare.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatives are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sikuli4Net: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/sikuli4net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sourceforge.net/projects/sikuli4net/&lt;/a&gt; (based on the Java &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; image-based testing tools)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write your own image compare class (have a look at my &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/CodedUI/blob/master/ImageLocator.vb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;image search class for VB.net&lt;/a&gt;, the search functions checks if an image exists with in another image and returns a point, if it returns a point two images are the same or the first contains the second. You should be able to rewrite this very easily to a compare function. I used this as a simple image-based testing tool for VB.net instead of using the overhead of something like Sikuli)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the OCR part I would look at another library as suggested here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5552599/fast-ocr-in-vb-net&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5552599/fast-ocr-in-vb-net&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T11:58:23.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25719" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-25T12:56:28.613" Score="2" ViewCount="820" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 3 + years experience in Selenium Automation. Now i got an opportunity in a company to work in SilkTest Automation tool. Is it good to learn SilkTest? Is it really worth to learn and can it be used in Continous Integration testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22734" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T05:49:50.687" Title="Is SilkTest a good Automation tool like Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;silktest&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-02-27T08:41:17.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25719" CreationDate="2017-02-25T13:24:59.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SilkTest like most expensive commercial testing packages is used mainly in large corporate companies. If this is where you want to grow then sure it is fine to learn it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think test automation skills transfer between frameworks and tools. The fundamentals are the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a hard time learning new tools then maybe I would not switch as SilkTest will not be in large demand. Meaning you might need to learn a new tool as you switch jobs in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running SilkTests on Jenkins (CI): &lt;a href=&quot;http://community.microfocus.com/borland/test/silk_test/f/forum/5176/how-to-integrate-silktest-with-jenkins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://community.microfocus.com/borland/test/silk_test/f/forum/5176/how-to-integrate-silktest-with-jenkins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T13:24:59.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17359" CreationDate="2017-02-25T13:29:58.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you do not want to rebuild the code make sure the version number is always loaded from a central configuration file. Now you only have to change the file contents, seems pretty easy not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have a &lt;strong&gt;restriction&lt;/strong&gt; that I cannot rebuild the release once it has&#xA;  been tested, otherwise it all needs to be tested again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is major bullshit. If the only thing you changed is the version number and you used the same build-script and the same codebase, re-testing seems an utterly waste of time and resources. The process is identical, so is the end result. Anyone voting for a new regression test run is crazy in my perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Estimate the risk with the version number change. Is it used anywhere which could lead to problems? Probably not. Else write some automated tests to cover these situations so you can re-test them quickly. The only risk I can come with is that increasing the length of the version number could increase the overall package size making it not fit on the embedded device, but even this chance is very slim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T13:29:58.810" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15251" CreationDate="2017-02-25T13:40:56.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of integrating stb-tester and Selenium: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/blog/2016/09/20/add-visual-verification-to-your-selenium-tests-with-stb-tester&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Add visual verification to your Selenium tests with stb-tester&lt;/a&gt;.  Both Selenium and Appium use Webdriver to interact with the device under test, so you may find this article useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say you're trying to automate testing of a mobile app that is video based.  You may find our article &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/blog/2017/02/21/testing-video-playback-on-mobile-devices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing Video Playback on Mobile Devices&lt;/a&gt; relevant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T13:40:56.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25628" CreationDate="2017-02-25T14:35:11.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can describe certain properties of your function, there are tools that can generate test cases automatically. These are smart enough to generate common edge cases (empty input, very long input, etc). See &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickCheck&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickCheck&lt;/a&gt; -- it has links to implementations for many languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your function takes several parameters and it would be too expensive to test all combinations of them, there's a field of study called Combinatorial Test Case Generation (it even has its own &lt;a href=&quot;http://iwct2017.sba-research.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;conference&lt;/a&gt;). The idea is to generate the combinations that are most likely to find a bug. See &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pairwise.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.pairwise.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24283" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T14:35:11.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25724" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-25T15:05:03.710" Score="1" ViewCount="157" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm implementing an automated testing system the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/stb-tester-one&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stb-tester ONE&lt;/a&gt;.  I've been able to run tests automatically using the REST API and now I'm implementing the Test Reporting module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to be able to download the test results for a test-job in CSV format so I can feed it into my reporting system.  For each test I want Test run ID, test case name, start timestamp, duration, result (pass/fail/error), failure reason (that is, the exception that was raised or the assertion that failed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you give me an example of how to do this from Python?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Disclaimer: I work on stb-tester and am an employee of stb-tester.com Ltd.  This is a sanitised version of a question we've previously received through other support channels published here in an effort to seed a stb-tester support community on stackexchange.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastEditorUserId="24282" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T16:26:09.133" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T16:26:09.133" Title="How can I get test-results from an stb-tester ONE in CSV format" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;stb-tester&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25724" CreationDate="2017-02-25T15:05:03.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The stb-tester ONE provides an http REST API for retrieving test results which is documented &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/manual/rest-api&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  In particular you will be interested in test-results endpoints:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/manual/rest-api#get-list-of-test-results&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/api/v1/results&lt;/a&gt; - Retrieves test results based on a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/manual/user-interface-reference#results-view-filter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;filter query string&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/manual/rest-api#get-list-of-results-for-a-job&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;/api/v1/jobs/(job_uid)/results&#xA;&lt;/a&gt; - Retrieves test results from a single test job&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of using these APIs with &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python requests&lt;/a&gt; to get the results from a test job into a CSV file called &lt;code&gt;results.csv&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;stb_tester_one_hostname = &quot;stb-tester-one-c03fd562ae33&quot;&#xA;out_csv_filename = &quot;results.csv&quot;&#xA;job_uid = &quot;/stb-tester-one-example/0a23/972&quot;&#xA;&#xA;import csv&#xA;import requests&#xA;&#xA;# https://stb-tester.com/manual/rest-api#get-list-of-results-for-a-job&#xA;url = &quot;http://{hostname}/api/v1/jobs/{job_uid}/results&quot;.format(&#xA;    hostname=stb_tester_one_hostname, job_uid=job_uid)&#xA;results = requests.get(url).json()&#xA;&#xA;writer = csv.writer(open(out_csv_filename, &quot;w&quot;))&#xA;writer.writerow([&quot;result_id&quot;, &quot;job_uid&quot;, &quot;result_url&quot;, &quot;start_time&quot;,&#xA;                 &quot;end_time&quot;, &quot;test_pack_sha&quot;, &quot;test_case&quot;, &quot;result&quot;,&#xA;                 &quot;failure_reason&quot;])&#xA;for testrun in results:&#xA;    writer.writerow(&#xA;        testrun[&quot;result_id&quot;],&#xA;        testrun[&quot;job_uid&quot;],&#xA;        testrun[&quot;result_url&quot;],&#xA;        testrun[&quot;start_time&quot;],&#xA;        testrun[&quot;end_time&quot;],&#xA;        testrun[&quot;test_pack_sha&quot;],&#xA;        testrun[&quot;test_case&quot;],&#xA;        testrun[&quot;result&quot;],&#xA;        testrun[&quot;failure_reason&quot;])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work on stb-tester and am an employee of stb-tester.com Ltd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastEditorUserId="24282" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T18:50:48.517" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T18:50:48.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25726" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25727" CreationDate="2017-02-25T15:47:05.907" Score="2" ViewCount="82" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;http://stb-tester.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stb-tester&lt;/a&gt; to measure the latency of my set-top box UI.  The test script looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_measure_latency():&#xA;    stbt.press(&quot;KEY_MENU&quot;)&#xA;    start = time.time()&#xA;    m = wait_for_match(&quot;menu.png&quot;)&#xA;    print &quot;Latency is %ims&quot; % int(m.time - start)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am consistently seeing the stb-tester timing of latencies that is 50~70 msec less (i.e., faster) than the value when analyzing a IR detector / high-speed (240 fps) video camera capture of a connected TV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the reason for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Disclaimer: I work on stb-tester and am an employee of stb-tester.com Ltd.  This is a sanitised version of a question we've previously received through other support channels published here in an effort to seed a stb-tester support community on stackexchange.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastEditorUserId="24282" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T16:27:01.510" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T16:27:01.510" Title="Why do I see lower latencies when using stb-tester than with a camera and a TV?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;stb-tester&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25726" CreationDate="2017-02-25T15:47:05.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're likely to see higher latency with a TV because the TV will often introduce its own latencies.  Often it's the case that the smarter the TV the higher the latency because they use image processing to improve the picture quality.  If you put your TV in &quot;Game Mode&quot; or similar the latency may reduce further.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cnet.com/news/what-is-game-mode/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.cnet.com/news/what-is-game-mode/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've done a lot of work to measure the latencies of the stb-tester ONE hardware and create APIs for accurate timing measurements.  See &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/blog/2016/07/05/latency-measurements&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;our blog post on the matter&lt;/a&gt; and my talk at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://gstconf.ubicast.tv/videos/measuring-video-capture-latency/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GStreamer conference 2016&lt;/a&gt; for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work on stb-tester and am an employee of stb-tester.com Ltd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastEditorUserId="24282" LastEditDate="2017-02-25T18:50:15.323" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T18:50:15.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25702" CreationDate="2017-02-25T17:57:42.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your LG G4 phone has a &quot;Retina&quot; or &quot;High-DPI&quot; display, so it has many more pixels per inch than a desktop monitor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Chrome's &quot;Mobile View&quot; you can specify the &quot;Device pixel ratio&quot; as well as the width &amp;amp; height resolution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8NBfs.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8NBfs.png&quot; alt=&quot;Chrome custom device dialog&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=device+pixel+ratio+lg+g4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;According to google&lt;/a&gt; the LG G4's pixel ratio is &lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24283" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T17:57:42.677" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25702" CreationDate="2017-02-25T18:10:19.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;: The best way to get the viewport size is to surf to a &lt;a href=&quot;http://viewportsizes.com/mine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;viewport-size-reporter&lt;/a&gt; on the actual device and use those values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With mobile website and responsive design the viewport is not the same as the resolution of the device, because for example the address bar of the browser also takes up some space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to &lt;strong&gt;scaling&lt;/strong&gt; the viewport resolution could be different due to retina display configurations. The resolution is very high, but the viewport is very small.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example my iPhone SE has a viewport of 320x460, its actual resolution is 640 x 1136. The reported logical resolution for the device is 320 x 568, but this is without the browser bars. This is an issue with the developer tools as the Chrome mobile view testing tools use a default resolution of 320x568 for a small iPhone, making some sites not working with its actual 320x460 viewport size. Certainly if height is also part of your design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T18:10:19.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25731" CreationDate="2017-02-25T18:46:48.300" Score="1" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/stb-tester-one&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stb-tester ONE&lt;/a&gt; to test my set-top box.  The Python test-cases are stored in a git repo on the device.  I'm about to start a new project and I'm wondering how I can segregate the test scripts and configuration.  I can't find a way to have multiple root folders in my test-pack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Disclaimer: I work on stb-tester and am an employee of stb-tester.com Ltd.  This is a sanitised version of a question we've previously received through other support channels published here in an effort to seed a stb-tester support community on stackexchange.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastEditorUserId="24282" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T16:25:35.337" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T16:25:35.337" Title="How should I organise my test-pack to allow me to share an stb-tester ONE between multiple projects?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;git&gt;&lt;stb-tester&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25730" CreationDate="2017-02-25T18:46:48.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you've got different test projects you could use different git repos for each, and then push them to the stb-tester ONE depending on which one you're going to be working on.  This is straight forward, but limits you to using the device on one project at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One approach is use git's branching model to allow the stb-tester ONE to hold multiple projects.  With this you still have a git repo for each project locally, but you push each of them as branches to the stb-tester ONE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine you are testing your roku product and your PS4 product.  You have two git repos locally: &lt;code&gt;roku-tests&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ps4-tests&lt;/code&gt;.  Your master branch in the local &lt;code&gt;roku-tests&lt;/code&gt; repository will become roku/master on the stb-tester ONE.  You will then be able to select between them using the branch selector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can set up pushing to the stb-tester one like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ cd roku-tests&#xA;$ git remote add stbt-6789 http://stb-tester-one-abc123456789.local/git/test-pack.git&#xA;$ git config remotes.device.fetch '+refs/heads/roku/*:refs/remotes/stbt-6789/*'&#xA;$ git config remotes.device.push '+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/roku/*'&#xA;$ cd ../ps4-tests&#xA;$ git remote add stbt-6789 http://stb-tester-one-abc123456789.local/git/test-pack.git&#xA;$ git config remotes.device.fetch '+refs/heads/ps4/*:refs/remotes/stbt-6789/*'&#xA;$ git config remotes.device.push '+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/ps4/*'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now when you do &lt;code&gt;git push stbt-6789 master&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;roku-tests&lt;/code&gt; you'll get a branch on the stb-tester ONE called &lt;code&gt;roku/master&lt;/code&gt;.  Equally if you do &lt;code&gt;git push stbt-6789 master&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;ps4-tests&lt;/code&gt; repository you'll get a branch on the stb-tester ONE called &lt;code&gt;ps4/master&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It'll look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VjYZb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VjYZb.png&quot; alt=&quot;stb-tester ONE Branch selector&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work on stb-tester and am an employee of stb-tester.com Ltd.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastActivityDate="2017-02-25T18:46:48.300" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25732" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-02-25T21:21:07.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For questions related to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/stb-tester/stb-tester&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stb-tester open-source project&lt;/a&gt; or any products from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stb-tester.com Ltd.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22114" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-12-09T00:59:53.453" LastActivityDate="2019-12-09T00:59:53.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25733" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-02-25T21:21:07.983" Score="0" Body="For questions related to the stb-tester open-source project or any products from stb-tester.com." OwnerUserId="24282" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-12-09T01:00:02.773" LastActivityDate="2019-12-09T01:00:02.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17895" CreationDate="2017-02-26T05:43:15.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One other possibility, I use this when I am desperate, is to simply select the main drop down, then send the down key. The Enter key&#xA;i.e. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;yourOption = element(by.id('exampleInput')).&#xA;element(by.xpath(&quot;//li[text()='YourText']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;yourOption.sendKeys(Keys.DOWN);&#xA;yourOption.sendKeys(Keys.RETURN);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16585" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T05:43:15.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25719" CreationDate="2017-02-26T05:49:50.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One other thing to consider is Silk is a harder platform to work with as it does not have nearly the community support that WebDriver does. i.e. if you are stuck on something in WebDriver, chances are you can simply google the answer. Not so with Silk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way I would do it, is if a company I was working for was stable, and  an established user of Silk Test, as this would give you a niche thats hard to replace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It probably can be used in CI, if nothing else, Jenkins can do things with SSH, but again its a question of community support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16585" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T05:49:50.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25661" CreationDate="2017-02-26T05:55:47.807" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure if thats the actual code you posted but the line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String Firefoxdriverpath = &quot;C://Desktop//geckodriver-v0.14.0-win64//geckodriver.exe&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks Weird to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;usually on windows its-  &lt;code&gt;C://Users//&amp;lt;username&amp;gt;//Desktop&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16585" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T10:48:33.110" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T10:48:33.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25548" CreationDate="2017-02-26T06:46:03.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because testng doesnt really expect you to be looking at the results while its running. If you want to say debug some test just temporarily, you can print to System.out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or you can write a test listener to get access to testng metadata of events&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.IExecutionListener;&#xA;&#xA;public class ExecutionListener1 implements IExecutionListener {&#xA;    private long startTime;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@Override&#xA;    public void onExecutionStart() {&#xA;        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;TestNG is going to start&quot;);     &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public void onExecutionFinish() {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;TestNG has finished, took around &quot; + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + &quot;ms&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then specifying the listener in your test class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Listeners({ com.example.ExecutionListener1.class})&#xA;public class MyTest {&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16585" LastEditorUserId="16585" LastEditDate="2017-02-26T08:23:42.930" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T08:23:42.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25738" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25741" CreationDate="2017-02-26T10:18:31.920" Score="2" ViewCount="503" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever I'm using this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='gbwa']/div[1]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;its navigating to &quot;products&quot; page. but I want the dropdown list in the homepage itself to select youtube. I have also tried that process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; li=driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;.gb_ia&quot;));&#xA;WebElement r=driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#gb36 &amp;gt; span.gb_3&quot;));&#xA;for(WebElement option:li){&#xA;    if(option.equals(r)){&#xA;        option.click();&#xA;        break;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its also not working. &#xA;Help plz... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24285" LastEditorUserId="23546" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T17:24:33.320" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T17:12:02.240" Title="Problem in accessing list (Google Apps) on google homepage with selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25738" CreationDate="2017-02-26T11:47:08.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That should do the trick:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement apps = new WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(&quot;gbwa&quot;)));&#xA;apps.click();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement youtube = new WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//span[.='YouTube']&quot;)));&#xA;youtube.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the wait statements can be crucial, as otherwise the tests may fail depending on page load times, network connection, or other reasons that are not within your control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23520" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T11:47:08.357" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22821" CreationDate="2017-02-26T14:47:56.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know about Appium, but &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/facebook/WebDriverAgent/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriverAgent&lt;/a&gt; certainly can interact with any app or the OS home screen, settings, etc.  Appium does support WebDriverAgent as one of its backends, but I don't know if Appium adds some limitations or if it exposes all of WebDriverAgent's functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24283" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T14:47:56.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25743" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-26T16:53:40.017" Score="3" ViewCount="2544" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Agile. I was trying to figure out when do QC testing and UAT happens in projects using Agile methodology. Explore phase, Adapt phase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24086" LastActivityDate="2019-03-20T07:59:45.553" Title="In what phase, QC Testing and UAT happens in Agile projects?" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25565" CreationDate="2017-02-26T17:41:50.590" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In terms of more cases that you need to test, here are some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get with an invalid client-id, expect error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get with empty app-name, expect error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get without passing any query string parameters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;validate that the md5 hash returned is as expected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;validate the payload, that it has 'status' and 'dt' as not-null&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;validate the format of the payload data (if it is a string or valid date etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; for testing, it is much simpler than REST-Assured. (disclaimer: I am the dev)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T17:41:50.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2017-02-26T17:50:16.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Late answer here, but I'm the dev of a new open-source framework called &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Karate was created out of my frustration with the existing options for automating REST/JSON API tests. I'm glad to say that Karate has comprehensive support for all kinds of HTTP, including SOAP+XML and multi-part file-uploads. One of the key features of Karate is being able to express data 'natively' in JSON and comparing 2 JSON (or XML) payloads is an easy, single line operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can say a lot more, but the site has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate#features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bullet-list of features&lt;/a&gt; that you can review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do consider evaluating Karate, and it would be great to get your feature-requests and feedback on the project site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T17:50:16.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24284" CreationDate="2017-02-26T18:08:10.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can certainly use BDD to test a REST API as Mike has mentioned. The advantage is that the test will read like an &quot;executable business specification&quot; that the end customer is more likely to understand. But the consequence is that you will need to write the &quot;glue code&quot; that translates the &quot;natural language&quot; of the spec into raw, HTTP calls. And one of the hardest parts of this especially when you use a language like Java is the business of traversing JSON (or XML) and asserting for expected results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For teams that are more focused on creating API &quot;platform&quot; services, BDD may be not worth the effort. Such teams are more concerned about whether the HTTP requests are well-formed, the headers are correct and that the data payloads (request and responses) are valid and as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; (disclaimer: I am the dev) is a new open-source framework that is built on Cucumber, so it inherits the BDD syntax, but allows you to have full control over HTTP. This is a trade-off which is summarized in this table: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate#cucumber-vs-karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(link)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, Karate is an approach that is in the middle, it is not pure BDD, but it is a level above having to form HTTP and traverse JSON by hand, in &quot;plain code&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T18:08:10.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25743" CreationDate="2017-02-26T18:09:29.267" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, Agile projects, in general, has no defined phases like &quot;Explore&quot;or &quot;Adapt&quot;. I suppose these terms come from some specific flavor of agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In ideal Agile world, UAT will happen immediately after each small piece of functionality is developed: it will happen soon and often. In practice, this is often loosened into doing several testing sessions during the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QC testing is a very broad term and does not &lt;em&gt;&quot;happen&quot;&lt;/em&gt; in a defined moment in a project. What could be called &lt;em&gt;&quot;QC&quot;&lt;/em&gt; is usually captured into a so-called &lt;em&gt;&quot;Definition of Done&quot;&lt;/em&gt; document, which describes all activities that should be performed and finished for any functionality piece before it is considered &quot;Done&quot;(and therefore fully eligible to be delivered to a customer). Agile teams self-organize themselves so that DoD covers all quality criteria, both set internally and externally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24291" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T18:09:29.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25743" CreationDate="2017-02-26T19:47:43.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually in agile projects, QC should be happening continuously, and not contained to a single phase.  Practices like pair programming, code review, unit testing, integration testing, and the like. Often these projects use Continuous Integration to further check/test the code on a per-build or every-day basis.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, many projects still have a &quot;regression&quot; or &quot;system test&quot; phase that happens between the agile sprints and release to customers.  Sometimes this is called &quot;hardening&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, UAT happens with each story, at the end of a sprint.  But, many projects also continue having a UAT &quot;phase&quot; between the agile sprints and release to customers or sign-off.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These hybrid projects are sometimes referred as &quot;scrummerfall&quot; or other fun names and are considered not true agile. However, these are often necessary because of the nature of the project (for example: legacy code bases where high automated tests coverage doesn't exist, or high accountability situations where some authority needs to &quot;sign-off&quot; on the release)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-02-26T19:47:43.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9155" CreationDate="2017-02-26T21:36:02.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently did my master's thesis on automated system testing of programs made with Unity. In my thesis, I evaluated some of the currently used methods and what tools can be used. I also proposed my own testing approach. You can read about it in &lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5yLGYEoFht6T3NON2w0VU9zajQ/view?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;my thesis here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To quickly summarize I found that capture and replay tools can be used, but they offer very low level of abstraction and thus any small change to the game will result in that the tests should be redone. Therefore using capture and replay tools cannot be used when the game is in development. &lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5yLGYEoFht6T3NON2w0VU9zajQ/view?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases bots can be used, when there is an enemy AI implemented in the game. For example in the case of the EA football game &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tBjJD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt; bots were used for testing. They made two AI football teams fight each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ended up using model-based testing approach since it provides large coverage and allows generating any number of test scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The image shows the architecture of the approach I used. I wrote a testing framework, which I used to control the system under test (SUT) and to get the state of the game. The framework connects to scripts running in the program over socket connection. I made the framework open source (the link can be found in the thesis)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tBjJD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tBjJD.png&quot; alt=&quot;Architecture of the testing approach I used&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I used TestCast MBT for modeling and generating the tests. It is a commercial tool, but I was able to model and use the framework with NModel too, which is open source (links are in the thesis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am hoping to promote MBT for game testing and if you need any help you can send me an e-mail, which can be found in my profile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5yLGYEoFht6T3NON2w0VU9zajQ/view?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; Omar el Ariss, Dianxiang Xu, Santosh Dandey, Bradley Vender, Philip E. McClean, and Brian M. Slator. A systematic capture and replay strategy for testing complex GUI based java applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tBjJD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt; Fazeel Gareeboo and Christian Buhl. Automated testing: A key factor for success in video game development. case study and lessons learned. 2012. Pacific NW Software Quality Conference &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24293" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T11:31:33.587" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T11:31:33.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17391" CreationDate="2017-02-27T06:40:25.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;-browserTimeout&lt;/code&gt; specifies the timeout before the browser closes after Selenium becomes idle. For example when your test ends, but you do not call &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both timeout and browsertimeout are documented at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2#configuring-timeouts-version-221-required&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2#configuring-timeouts-version-221-required&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On the hub, setting the -timeout command line option to &quot;30&quot; seconds&#xA;  will ensure all resources are reclaimed 30 seconds after a client&#xA;  crashes. On the hub you can also set -browserTimeout 60 to make the&#xA;  maximum time a node is willing to hang inside the browser 60 seconds.&#xA;  This will ensure all resources are reclaimed slightly after 60&#xA;  seconds. All the nodes use these two values from the hub if they are&#xA;  set. Locally set parameters on a single node has precedence, it is&#xA;  generally recommended not to set these timeouts on the node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For shorting or enlarging wait times for elements have a look at Explicit Waits: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&lt;/a&gt; You can set the wait timeout there per element you are searching for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver.Timeouts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriver timeouts&lt;/a&gt; also do not let you override the default timeouts, do not confuse implicit wait for this. It is advised not to use implicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T08:10:30.423" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T08:10:30.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25533" CreationDate="2017-02-27T08:00:55.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After some research with the xpath finder on Chrome, I noticed that my xpath was pointing two version of the element, an invisible version and then the visible one. So my script was trying to click on something invisible which explains the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way to tackle that was to reach the visible and click on it. To do that I have used &lt;code&gt;find_elements_by_xpath&lt;/code&gt; to gather all these elements and then I have performed a click() on the second element which is the visible one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T08:00:55.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25752" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-27T08:19:08.713" Score="1" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a Open Source &lt;strong&gt;Test Automation Manager&lt;/strong&gt; tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used to work with an Oracle Solaris internal tool named &quot;Beast&quot; which had, among other things, the following capabilities:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It had a browser UI, so its not OS dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's scriptable. You can run any type of test by running a script to launch it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It used parameter files to populate the tests' data. You provide a file listing key-value pairs to populate the test's data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It collects your logs, either files or run time terminal. It stored the logs for history reference and allowed access to previous runs' results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It analyzes the logs using user defined symptoms. This is basically running complex conditional grep(s) on the log to extract failures\errors\bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It allows building complex test suites by combining smaller tests into a single scenario. Tests are triggered to run only if the tests they depended on were successful.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be great if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it could be triggered to run tests from Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it could connect to Jira.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the tool is an industry standard. I saw many tools inventing their own scripting languages, saving test cases in odd formats.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What Test Managers are you using? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do your environments provide the features above?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23103" LastEditorUserId="23546" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T17:24:27.817" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T23:04:11.383" Title="Is there a open source test manager that supports python, can analyze logs and run test suites?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25753" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25756" CreationDate="2017-02-27T09:11:38.977" Score="1" ViewCount="640" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication1&quot;)&#xA;    public static Object[][] credentials1()&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        return new Object[][] { &#xA;                                { &quot;12234&quot;, &quot; 6576&quot;,&quot;gfdgfdg&quot;,&quot; dfg&quot;,&quot;gfd &quot;},&#xA;                                {&quot;&amp;amp;^*&amp;amp;^&quot;,&quot;&amp;amp;*^*&amp;amp;^&quot;,&quot;soni.rutvigmail.com&quot;,&quot;ghgfh&quot;,&quot;ghfghgfh&quot;},&#xA;                                {&quot;Rutvi&quot;,&quot;Soni&quot;,&quot;rutvi@gmailcom&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;},&#xA;                                {&quot;Rutvi&quot;,&quot;Soni&quot;,&quot;rutvi@gmailcom&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;},&#xA;                                {&quot;Rutvi&quot;,&quot;Soni&quot;,&quot;rutvi@gmail..com&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;},&#xA;                                {&quot;Rutvi&quot;,&quot;Soni&quot;,&quot;soni.rutvi@123.123.123&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;},&#xA;                                {&quot;Rutvi&quot;,&quot;Soni&quot;,&quot;.rutvi@gmail.com&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;},&#xA;                                {&quot;Rutvi&quot;,&quot;Soni&quot;,&quot;soni.rutvi%gmail.com&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;},&#xA;                                {&quot;Rutvi&quot;,&quot;Soni&quot;,&quot;soni#rutvi@gmail.com&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;,&quot;123456&quot;},&#xA;                            };&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;Authentication1&quot; )&#xA;    public void invaliddata(String fname, String lname,String email,String pass,String cpass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://canvaswish.7bits.in/canvaswish/register&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement firstname = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;FirstName&quot;));&#xA;        firstname.clear();&#xA;        firstname.sendKeys(fname);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement lastname = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;LastName&quot;));&#xA;        lastname.clear();&#xA;        lastname.sendKeys(lname);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement mail = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Email&quot;));&#xA;        mail.clear();&#xA;        mail.sendKeys(email);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Password&quot;));&#xA;        password .clear();&#xA;        password .sendKeys(pass);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement conpassword = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ConfirmPassword&quot;));&#xA;        conpassword .clear();&#xA;        conpassword.sendKeys(cpass);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement register = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;register-button&quot;));&#xA;        register.click();&#xA;&#xA;        String geturl=driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;geturl-&amp;gt;&quot;+geturl);&#xA;&#xA;        if(geturl.equals(expectedurl))&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(true);&#xA;            testresultdata.put(&quot;3&quot;, new Object[] { 2d,fname,lname, email, pass,cpass, expectedurl, geturl, &quot;Pass&quot; });&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            testresultdata.put(&quot;3&quot;, new Object[] { 2d,fname,lname, email, pass,cpass, expectedurl, geturl, &quot;Fail&quot; });&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(false);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@AfterClass&#xA;    public void setupAfterclass() throws IOException&#xA;    {&#xA;        Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; keyset = testresultdata.keySet();&#xA;        int rownum = 0;&#xA;&#xA;        for (String key : keyset)&#xA;        {&#xA;            Row row = sheet.createRow(rownum++);&#xA;            Object[] objArr = testresultdata.get(key);&#xA;            int cellnum = 0;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            for (Object obj : objArr)&#xA;            {&#xA;                Cell cell = row.createCell(cellnum++);&#xA;&#xA;                if (obj instanceof Date)&#xA;                    cell.setCellValue((Date) obj);&#xA;                else if (obj instanceof Boolean)&#xA;                    cell.setCellValue((Boolean) obj);&#xA;                else if (obj instanceof String)&#xA;                {&#xA;                        if(obj.equals(&quot;Pass&quot;))&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            font.setColor(HSSFColor.GREEN.index);&#xA;                            style.setFont(font);&#xA;                            cell.setCellStyle(style);&#xA;                            cell.setCellValue((String) obj);   &#xA;                        }&#xA;                        else if(obj.equals(&quot;Fail&quot;))&#xA;                        {&#xA;                            font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);&#xA;                            style.setFont(font);&#xA;                            cell.setCellStyle(style);&#xA;                            cell.setCellValue((String) obj);&#xA;                        }&#xA;&#xA;                        {&#xA;&#xA;                            style.setFont(font);  &#xA;                            cell.setCellValue((String) obj);&#xA;                        }&#xA;                }&#xA;                else if (obj instanceof Double)&#xA;                    cell.setCellValue((Double) obj);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(&quot;E:\\Register.xls&quot;));&#xA;            workbook1.write(out);&#xA;            out.close();&#xA;        //  System.out.println(&quot;Excel written successfully..&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (FileNotFoundException e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (IOException e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to display multiple test cases in excel sheet but now problem is that last data is onle display in sheet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2018-07-23T04:45:56.803" Title="How to display data in excel through data provider" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15194" CreationDate="2017-02-27T09:33:46.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an example would help you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;getDatabank(&quot;demoCSV&quot;).getNextDatabankRecord();&#xA;    //get Record count&#xA;    int recordCount = getDatabank(&quot;demoCSV&quot;).getDatabankRecordCount();&#xA;    String count = Integer.toString(recordCount);&#xA;    info(&quot;Record Count = &quot; + count );&#xA;&#xA;    //get specific record &#xA;    int recordCoun1 = getDatabank(&quot;demoCSV&quot;).getDatabankRecordCount();&#xA;    for (int i=1; i&amp;lt;=recordCount; i++) {&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Name :&quot;+eval(&quot;{{db.demoCSV.empName}}&quot;));&#xA;        getDatabank(&quot;demoCSV&quot;).getNextDatabankRecord();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where demoCSV is a csv file with column empName&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24299" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T09:33:46.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25753" CreationDate="2017-02-27T10:05:30.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testresultdata.put(&quot;3&quot;, new Object[] { });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you &lt;code&gt;put&lt;/code&gt; your test result data into the same &lt;code&gt;&quot;3&quot;&lt;/code&gt; key every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the Java &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/HashMap.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HashMap documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;put(K key, V value) Associates the specified value with the specified&#xA;  key in this map.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will overwrite your the data in the key and act is if there was only one test, the last one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead you need to update the &lt;code&gt;&quot;3&quot;&lt;/code&gt; key for each run. For example by adding a Test-ID field to your &lt;code&gt;Authentication1&lt;/code&gt; dataprovider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example, add a extra field in the data, pass it to the test method, pass it to the put method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication1&quot;)&#xA;public static Object[][] credentials1()&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    return new Object[][] { &#xA;                            {&quot;TestID1&quot;, &quot;12234&quot;, &quot; 6576&quot;,&quot;gfdgfdg&quot;,&quot; dfg&quot;,&quot;gfd &quot;},&#xA;                            {&quot;TestID2&quot;, &quot;&amp;amp;^*&amp;amp;^&quot;,&quot;&amp;amp;*^*&amp;amp;^&quot;,&quot;soni.rutvigmail.com&quot;,&quot;ghgfh&quot;,&quot;ghfghgfh&quot;}&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;Authentication1&quot; )&#xA;public void invaliddata(String testId, String fname, String lname,String email,String pass,String cpass)&#xA;{&#xA;   testresultdata.put(testID, new Object[] { });&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T10:45:21.543" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T10:45:21.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25743" CreationDate="2017-02-27T10:05:42.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile projects, generally doesn't have any phases, but if you search for the phases in Agile project management you will see the explore and adapt phase next to each other. In basic we can say that the QC testing and UAT testing comes in the explore phase. In the Adapt phase, all the result reviews the testing will be done. These can also be changed according to the Project.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You can refer the below link for reference,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.simplilearn.com/apm-framework-article&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile project management reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12363" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T10:05:42.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25421" CreationDate="2017-02-27T11:29:25.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to implement test cycles as you are doing data-driven testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend to you not to expect the test will pass every time. You will have to implement checkpoints, using sequences of &lt;code&gt;storeElementPresent&lt;/code&gt; to a variable, compare if the variable is &quot;true&quot; with &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;store&lt;/code&gt; the test cycle result to the javascript array, or report results by &lt;code&gt;echo&lt;/code&gt;-ing to the log file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Log file then can be filtered by &lt;code&gt;tail&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;grep&lt;/code&gt; Linux bash commands and some special text in echo, for example &quot;Report: TestCycle&quot;. Add some Test-cycle name to your XML file and echoing the test result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, some data should fail the test, and you will like to test negative cases. So you would like to add expected results of the checkpoint or whole test cycle to your XML file. Test Case is then passed, when each test cycle and/or each checkpoint finished as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please be aware, that &lt;strong&gt;SelBlocks&lt;/strong&gt; have no support yet for &lt;strong&gt;Selenium 3&lt;/strong&gt; and could stop working in newer versions of Firefox. If this will change in the future, please alert me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reply Extended&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you SHOULD expect an error for each step and script should behave according to what really happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will use following Selblocks commands:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;forXML&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;echo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;goto&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeElementPresent&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;variablename&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;storeElementVisible&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;variablename&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;gotoIf&lt;/code&gt; | !&lt;code&gt;storedVars&lt;/code&gt;[&lt;code&gt;'variableName'&lt;/code&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;If&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;storedVars&lt;/code&gt;[&lt;code&gt;'variableName'&lt;/code&gt;] - &lt;code&gt;endIf&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;verifyEval&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;storedVars['variableName']&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please study their syntax and usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update2&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was useful on the end of the test cycle to evaluate if the cycle was &quot;passed&quot; or &quot;failed&quot; and therefore I implemented on the end the evaluation part, where all stored variables touching the process control was evaluated, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;verifyEval&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;storedVars['part1Present']&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;verifyEval&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;!storedVars['errorPart1Present']&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;verifyEval&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;storedVars['part2Present']&lt;/code&gt; | &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastEditorUserId="5099" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T13:03:00.320" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T13:03:00.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23472" CreationDate="2017-02-27T12:09:57.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using IDE commands to open a new window (not a panel), to do something in a different application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essential is to select window according to the window label (title) and closing the window and selecting null after it is finished. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help. Example of opening a page, which I'm using to get swift data of random bank:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;openWindow&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;https://transferwise.com/swift-codes/countries&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;selectWindow&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;title=Search Swift / BIC codes by country - TransferWise&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id=&amp;amp;quot;country-Z&amp;amp;quot;]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;close&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;selectWindow&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;null&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T12:09:57.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22454" CreationDate="2017-02-27T12:16:56.410" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically NO. Selenium IDE works in the browser. Once it is restarted, IDE is in zero state. There is no possibility to store some variable outside of it, due to security reasons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can imagine some obscure way to inject values or part of HTML to separate page / in a separate window, which is not closed during IDE restart. But when you close the browser window, everything is completely lost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better would be to explain, what you want to reach by this.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T12:16:56.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25681" CreationDate="2017-02-27T12:40:21.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No need to use two instances of browser. Just specify one instance and you can use the same instance in a project. You can call the browser object by specifying the classname.objectname. ie,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;CreateOrderline.driver.findElement(By.id(Objects.Username)).clear();&#xA;CreateOrderline.driver.findElement(By.id(Objects.Username)).sendKeys(&quot;ASA&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12363" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T12:40:21.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22454" CreationDate="2017-02-27T12:43:17.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bit hackish, but you could try to open a new window in which you load a web application (e.g. a simple todo-list application) that you can store data in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your run after closing you could retrieve the text entry from the todo-list as data for your variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you build the website to store the data yourself it could be even more easy doable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T12:43:17.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25681" CreationDate="2017-02-27T12:53:40.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could pass the driver when creating the &lt;code&gt;Loginasa&lt;/code&gt; instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Loginasa ASA= new Loginasa(driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you also need to add &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/constructors.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a constructor&lt;/a&gt; to the Loginasa class to pass the driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Loginasa {&#xA;  public static  WebDriver driver;&#xA;  public Loginasa(passedDriver) {&#xA;    driver = passedDriver;&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now can you remove the &lt;code&gt;setUp()&lt;/code&gt; function from the &lt;code&gt;Loginasa&lt;/code&gt; class, this one is useless anyways cause it is not called by TestNG for that test. TestNG only calls the &lt;code&gt;setUp()&lt;/code&gt; of classes for which it runs the test, not classes used by the test. This is also the reason you get a NullPointer exception, the class has an empty &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; property when you call &lt;code&gt;ASA.Newlogin()&lt;/code&gt;. Also remove all the other annotations from &lt;code&gt;Loginasa&lt;/code&gt;. You shouldn't be using a test-class as a class you are going to instantiate from within another test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/a&gt; for TestNG: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ontestautomation.com/using-the-page-object-model-pattern-in-selenium-testng-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.ontestautomation.com/using-the-page-object-model-pattern-in-selenium-testng-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also have a look at how you can start debugging NullPointer exceptions yourself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17871825/a-good-way-to-debug-nullpointerexception&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17871825/a-good-way-to-debug-nullpointerexception&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T13:05:35.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25766" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-27T13:28:19.120" Score="1" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you first create a test case and then you create a unit test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is single unit testing for a single test case and not many unit testing for a single test case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9176" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-27T14:15:23.890" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T14:23:06.193" Title="Single unit testing for a single test case?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-02-28T04:46:58.510" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25766" CreationDate="2017-02-27T14:23:06.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The unit-test is the test-case, but for a really small part functionality in the source-code. Unit-test are always linked to a (public) method (of a class), not a more general high-level test-case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TDD&lt;/a&gt; you should start with a failing higher level integration or end2end test. For which you start building functionality based on unit-tests. In this case you would start with a failing e2e test, then write a failing unit-test, write some code, write a failing unit-test, write some code, repeat until e2e test succeeds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A unit is the smallest testable part of software. It usually has one&#xA;  or a few inputs and usually a single output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/unit-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/unit-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Goal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The goal of unit testing is to isolate each part of the program and&#xA;  show that the individual parts are correct. A unit test provides a&#xA;  strict, written contract that the piece of code must satisfy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T14:23:06.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22454" CreationDate="2017-02-27T15:57:06.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Absolutely you can, and I have, stored variables in seleniumIDE that are available for all sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#store-commands-and-selenium-variables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#store-commands-and-selenium-variables&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;store&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;${name}&lt;/code&gt; to access them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm assuming that you are &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; talking about dynamic variables that are only created during a run and then stored by selenium somewhere else and then available.  That's a more advanced topic and not what you are asking from the content of your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm also assuming you are &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; talking about some global variables that are available to all scripts.  However you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; also store all the selenium variables in an external file that is then used by multiple scripts in case you are looking for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T15:57:06.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25769" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-27T17:17:31.547" Score="1" ViewCount="5198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium WebDriver to automate testing, but I'm encountering issues when I try to code the login.  The authentication is acting as an alert in Firefox, not as a window, which means that I can't access the username and password fields.  How do I handle this so I can access the fields?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium 3, Java 8 and Firefox 46 on a Linux virtual machine.  Unfortunately, I can't post any code per my company's policy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24308" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T11:45:10.890" Title="Authentication Acting as Alert, Not as Window" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25770" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-27T18:56:18.500" Score="3" ViewCount="2166" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two drop downs. One of the drop down list is dependent on the Selected item from from other drop down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to verify data in the dependent list is correctly listed based on the selected value. (note:- Both lists are dynamic and gets updated every week)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg: IF I select Truck, dependent drop down should have all small parts of truck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The data coming in the dependent list is not always updated in the application I am working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I test this using automation(Selenium webdriver and java)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking of grabbing data from the SQL DB and storing it in a list and comparing displayed list and acquired list. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this approach good, as there are many dependent fields? Also the application has different filters, so need to always verify returned data is accurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24305" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T01:28:07.587" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T17:51:35.163" Title="How to test a dropdown that depends on the value in another dropdown" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20788" CreationDate="2017-02-27T21:31:48.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To check if the login was fine I poll for the validation error which&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;obviously&lt;/strong&gt; is not there&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would check for something that is obviously there. This is much easier and faster than waiting for something not to be there. After a login the page always changes. I haven't seen any application that does not display something that you cannot verify off that the login was successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the successful login you can check the error message is not there with something like &lt;code&gt;driver.findElements( By.id(&quot;...&quot;) ).size() != 0&lt;/code&gt; or with a try/catch just like Selenium &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27851122/where-is-the-implementation-for-the-webelement-isdisplayed-method-in-selenium&quot;&gt;itself implements the isDisplayed()&lt;/a&gt;. Trying not to use try/catches has no good reason, just use it when needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ignoring&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that you get the timeout error even when you are ignoring it because the wait works something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While loop for ExpectedConditions (with a try/catch to ignore exceptions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After this try/catch block there is an If the timeout has been met check which Throws the timeout exception&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be 100% sure I checked the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/FluentWait.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FluentWait source-code&lt;/a&gt; as can you :).&#xA;This effect makes a lot of sense, why would you want to continue after the timeout, trying to create an infinite loop?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T21:44:27.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25772" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-27T22:21:18.400" Score="1" ViewCount="2294" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have set up a Selenium Grid having one normal Chrome node and one debug node. There are some cases where I would like to run a case on the debug node. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using docker-compose to manage the Grid and the only way I can do this via docker-compose so far is to have different image for debug node. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read few answers where they have referred specifying an application name or a different version to the nodes that I can then use in the desired capability of my code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for the help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24311" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-19T09:38:46.400" LastActivityDate="2019-06-19T09:38:46.400" Title="Select a particular node to run a test in a Selenium Grid" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25770" CreationDate="2017-02-27T22:40:38.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If possible, this should be tested on two levels. I'll use your truck example too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data validity: Testing the question &quot;Do I get back correct list of small truck parts when input is &lt;strong&gt;'Truck'&lt;/strong&gt;?&quot; Here you focus on the output correctness: does it contain all parts? Does it contain some parts that should not be there? Is some answer provided for all possible inputs? Ideally, you should not test it through UI using Selenium, but via API. Even better if even filtering is provided by the data source. Of course, this depends on how the data gets into the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When the bulk of the data correctness is tested directly, you can then just check, using Selenium, if the data is correctly presented in UI: if the second dropdown eventually fills, if it's filled with expected content, etc. Because you have confidence in the underlying data source, you need fewer tests over the UI (they are notoriously flakey and slower).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 1) is not possible, then going with Selenium might be the way to go. If going this way, make sure you only use the minimum possible interaction with the UI. Basically just get the data from the elements as simply as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24291" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T22:40:38.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25752" CreationDate="2017-02-27T23:04:11.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Robot Framework (a very feature rich framework that has fairly strict methods of creating tests) and Nose (more like JUnit). Jira integration would have to be via a rest endpoint&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16585" LastActivityDate="2017-02-27T23:04:11.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25772" CreationDate="2017-02-28T00:58:26.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd use applicationName.  There's a bug to document it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium-google-code-issue-archive/issues/3660&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium-google-code-issue-archive/issues/3660&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bug details how to start a node with a given &lt;code&gt;applicationName&lt;/code&gt; via the &lt;code&gt;-brower&lt;/code&gt; parameter, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.20.0.jar -role node -hub http://HUB_IP:4444/grid/register -browser browserName=firefox,version=11,maxInstances=1,platform=WINDOWS,applicationName=windows7_32bits_firefox_11&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then in your tests, you add the capability, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In your tests you have to add &#xA;  &quot;applicationName=windows7_32bits_firefox_11&quot; to your desired &#xA;  capabilities array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T00:58:26.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25776" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T04:17:08.383" Score="2" ViewCount="845" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a back button on my web page which I need to click on from different places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one page the back buttons xpath looks like: &lt;code&gt;//property-list/ion-header/ion-navbar/button&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In another other page it looks like: &lt;code&gt;//select-client/ion-header/ion-navbar/button&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using POM - can I use one object to identify all the xpaths my button could have?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:18:58.287" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:18:58.287" Title="Clicking on a Xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25776" CreationDate="2017-02-28T06:18:22.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am giving my answer in &lt;code&gt;Java&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can identify the common parts of the &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; and use it in your locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per your above mentioned sample &lt;code&gt;xpath's&lt;/code&gt; you can do the following :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Using only POM:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By backButtonLocator = By.xpath(&quot;.//ion-header/ion-navbar/button&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;public void clickonElement(By backButtonLocator)&#xA;{&#xA;  driver.findElement(backButtonLocator).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Using PageFactory:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(how = How.XPATH, using =&quot;.//ion-header/ion-navbar/button&quot;)&#xA;public WebElement backButton;&#xA;&#xA;public void clickonElement(WebElement ele)&#xA;{&#xA;  ele.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T06:18:22.520" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25769" CreationDate="2017-02-28T07:39:28.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can try with firefox version 47+ as Selenium 3 is supported with later version from v47.&#xA;Here is the link for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/selenium-tutorials/launching-firefox-browser-with-geckodriver-selenium-3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reference&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope the below solution can help you with Authentication Alert box -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using &quot;selenium.security.UserAndPassword&quot; library&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;UserAndPassword uAp = new UserAndPassword(userName, password);&#xA;driver.switchTo().alert().authenticateUsing(uAp);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;alert.authenticateUsing(new UserAndPassword(userName, password));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference StackExchange &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11522434/how-to-handle-login-pop-up-window-using-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T11:45:10.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25780" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T08:39:16.767" Score="1" ViewCount="539" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium IDE, and I received an error when trying to select an option in a drop down menu. The error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Element name = aggravation [] 556 [shares] not found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This the command in question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;|select| |name=aggravation[]556[shares] |label=2|&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and this is the source code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select name=&quot;aggravation[]556[shares]&quot; id=&quot;aggravation_556_shares&quot; class=&quot;shares&quot; data-id=&quot;556&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;option selected=&quot;selected&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;3&quot;&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why am I getting this error? Is my code wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24316" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T17:09:59.457" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T17:09:59.457" Title="Selenium IDE throwing an error when selecting an option from dropdown menu" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25785" CreationDate="2017-02-28T09:24:57.113" Score="2" ViewCount="3099" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been searching through Google about the difference between a checklist and a test scenario and didn't get the answer yet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's kind of frustrating because I keep finding different information about this. So if anyone know and might be able to explain this clearly to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24317" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T09:54:09.667" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T19:00:42.857" Title="What is the difference between a Test Scenario and a Checklist?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25780" CreationDate="2017-02-28T09:25:43.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe the [] are giving issues, the error also shows spaces between them, which I think is weird. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Better selector:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try to use the id or css instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;id=aggravation_556_shares&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;css=select.shares&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more about selectors here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/locators-in-selenium-ide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/locators-in-selenium-ide.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Visible:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you certain the element is visible when you try to find it? Maybe the page is just a bit (milliseconds) slower than your test. You might need to wait until the element is visible. Example here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26341758/how-to-wait-until-element-present&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26341758/how-to-wait-until-element-present&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T09:25:43.647" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25781" CreationDate="2017-02-28T09:45:47.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test scenario&lt;/strong&gt; is a higher-level concept. It is a description of an activity involving the tested system, its expected behavior etc. Wikipedia actually has a good &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenario_(computing)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; on scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Checklist&lt;/strong&gt; is a tool (a good one :), nothing more. It is a list of items to be be checked or not. Sometimes supposed to be walked sequentially, but not always. Sequentially following a defined checklist might be one way how to actually test a scenario, but it is neither a universally most common, best or even always required. There are many ways how to test a scenario which won't involve any checklist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be vary though, testing terminology is notoriously chaotic in the wild. Different organization might assign more specific or even different meanings to these terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24291" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T09:45:47.483" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25781" CreationDate="2017-02-28T10:06:56.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with all terminology it differs per person, team, company and or industry. To be sure ask with the people you are communication what it means to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Checklist:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A checklist is a list of items you need to check-off to achieve a certain goal. It could be a todo-list or a release quality checklist. A checklist could contain test-cases to verify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A checklist is a type of informational job aid used to reduce failure&#xA;  by compensating for potential limits of human memory and attention. It&#xA;  helps to ensure consistency and completeness in carrying out a task&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checklist&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checklist&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use checklists when I need to repeat the same steps over and over, for example a checklist to check the production environment after a release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scenario:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A scenario is a postulated sequence of events. I would say different think you want to test in a workflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Test Scenario is any functionality that can be tested. It is also&#xA;  called Test Condition or Test Possibility. As a tester, you may put&#xA;  yourself in the end user’s shoes and figure out the real-world&#xA;  scenarios and use cases of the Application Under Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/test-scenario.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/test-scenario.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use scenarios to describe the test workflows or idea's to test when creating specific test-cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T10:06:56.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T10:17:31.947" Score="0" ViewCount="4130" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created a simple test suite using NUnit by opening a new .Net console application project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Visual Studio at Test explorer I can see my test methods.&#xA;Now I want to run them using CMD, i.e. at the command line prompt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I going to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eS2r9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eS2r9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are my files inside the bin folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-19T09:38:40.507" LastActivityDate="2019-06-19T09:38:40.507" Title="How to run a NUnit test using cmd" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25786" CreationDate="2017-02-28T11:05:27.307" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to install the NUnit with the installer this installs the executables in your PATH. Just using the NuGet packages won't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to run from the command line is documentation in the NUnit documentation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2.x: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=consoleCommandLine&amp;amp;r=2.2.7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.nunit.org/index.php?p=consoleCommandLine&amp;amp;r=2.2.7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3.x: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/Console-Command-Line&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/Console-Command-Line&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; nunit3-console yourtest.dll&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative you can look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/NUnitLite-Runner&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NUnit light runner&lt;/a&gt;, this way you can build an .exe that will include everything to run the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T11:05:27.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25788" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25776" CreationDate="2017-02-28T11:18:15.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the selector of the_coder doesnt work, I would suggest to let the developers add a better way to find it. For example by adding an ID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you could do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;back() {&#xA;  Boolean found = false;&#xA;  try {&#xA;    driver.findElement(&quot;//property-list/ion-header/ion-navbar/button&quot;).click();&#xA;    found = true;&#xA;  } catch {&#xA;   // Ignore notfoundexception&#xA;  }&#xA;  try {&#xA;    driver.findElement(&quot;//select-client/ion-header/ion-navbar/button&quot;).click();&#xA;    found = true;&#xA;  } catch {&#xA;   // Ignore notfoundexception&#xA;  }&#xA;  if (found === false) throw new Exception('backButtonNotFound');&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just try to click both different paths, if one succeeds it is OK, else throw an exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T11:18:15.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25789" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T11:41:50.247" Score="1" ViewCount="4658" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a rest-assured tool to automate API's. I am using java language. I did a sample API automation. I want to improve. So I want to know the best practice for rest-assured API automation. Here is my code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.restapi.test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 28/2/17.&#xA;*/&#xA;public class baseUrl {&#xA;   @BeforeClass&#xA;   public void setup() {&#xA;      /*String port = System.getProperty(&quot;server.port&quot;);&#xA;      if (port == null) {&#xA;         RestAssured.port = Integer.valueOf(8080);&#xA;      } else {&#xA;           RestAssured.port = Integer.valueOf(port);&#xA;        }&#xA;*/&#xA;      String basePath = System.getProperty(&quot;server.base&quot;);&#xA;      if(basePath==null) {&#xA;         basePath = &quot;/tbiauth/&quot;;&#xA;      }&#xA;      RestAssured.basePath = basePath;&#xA;&#xA;      String baseHost = System.getProperty(&quot;server.host&quot;);&#xA;      if(baseHost==null) {&#xA;      baseHost = &quot;http://192.168.1.164&quot;;&#xA;      }&#xA;      RestAssured.baseURI = baseHost;&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;package com.restapi.test;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import static com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured.given;&#xA;import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.containsString;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 28/2/17.&#xA;*/&#xA;public class KioskRegister extends baseUrl {&#xA;   @Test(dataProvider = &quot;start&quot;)&#xA;   public void md5JsonTest(String access,String device ,String id,String md5Hash) {&#xA;        given().parameters(&quot;s&quot;,access).parameters(&quot;m&quot;,device).parameters(&quot;d&quot;,id).&#xA;        when().get(&quot;/register/device&quot;).       &#xA;        then().assertThat().body(containsString(md5Hash));&#xA;   }&#xA;@DataProvider(name = &quot;start&quot;)&#xA;public Object[][] createMD5TestData() {&#xA;   return new String[][] {&#xA;   {&quot;723efb&quot;,&quot;123456789&quot;,&quot;17&quot;,&quot;REG_DEV_EXISTS_1_00&quot;},&#xA;   {&quot;723efb&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;17&quot;,&quot;REG_DEV_PRMS_2_00&quot;},&#xA;   {&quot;&quot;,&quot;123456789&quot;,&quot;17&quot;,&quot;REG_DEV_PRMS_1_00&quot;},&#xA;   {&quot;723efb&quot;,&quot;123456789&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;REG_DEV_PRMS_3_00&quot;},&#xA;      };&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know if I am doing this the right way and how can I improve? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I especially want to know if there is a pattern that everyone uses, and what is the best practice for test data: should I keep it in &lt;code&gt;dataprovider&lt;/code&gt; annotations or use a separate property file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2019-02-15T11:43:57.907" LastActivityDate="2019-02-15T11:43:57.907" Title="Best practices for rest-assured api automation testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25790" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T13:09:27.627" Score="1" ViewCount="760" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to fill out my timesheet data every friday in timesheets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard that selenium can be used to automate such manual tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't have a programming background - how would I use selenium to do this?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Do I download an editor or something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24321" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T22:16:34.627" LastActivityDate="2019-06-19T09:38:49.387" Title="How can I fill out web page timesheets using selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25791" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T15:47:59.290" Score="1" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;Should the source code be hidden for an application.&#xA;I am testing an application and I am able to view its source code.Should I raise this as a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24326" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T19:32:44.443" Title="Should the source code be hidden for an application.I am testing an application and I am able to view its source code.Should I raise this as a bug" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25791" CreationDate="2017-02-28T16:05:02.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If is is HTML or Javascript it is not usually a problem.  Browsers need to be able to read this in order to display the HTML content and use the javascript and thus so can you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that programmers will sometimes minimize and compress javascript code, often for speed reasons (code can be a lot smaller) and sometimes for obfuscation reasons (intent of code becomes harder / takes longer to understand)&#xA;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# pseudo code&#xA;my_policy=&quot;abc&quot;&#xA;my_driver='bob&quot;&#xA;my_policy.driver = my_driver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;becomes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# pseudo code&#xA;a='abc';b='bob';a.d=a;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as you can see it is much harder to read and understand the intent!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For non-web stuff where you don't have a client (like a web browser) that needs to read and understand source files then yes, you would want to hide source code and in many applications you can because you are using a compiled language such as Java or C# which ends up with a separate executable for use and deployment.  It can be harder for languages like Python and Ruby where the compiling/parsing is done at runtime (and many people aren't even aware of the step).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T19:32:44.443" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T19:32:44.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24606" CreationDate="2017-02-28T16:14:51.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look at the user guide &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/lesson-3-data-driven-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lesson 3: Data-Driven Testing&lt;/a&gt;. This lesson explains how to create variables in recording modules. The Section &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/lesson-3-data-driven-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Combining Variables with Test Data&lt;/a&gt; covers the part on how to connect those variables with data e.g. from an Excel file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you want to connect data with a code module instead of a recording module, have a look at Lesson 7: Code Modules, section &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20/lesson-7-code-modules.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using Variables with Code Modules&lt;/a&gt;. It covers how to create variables in code modules. These can then be connect just like variables from recording modules, as covered in lesson 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastEditorUserId="22362" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T11:55:40.947" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T11:55:40.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25790" CreationDate="2017-02-28T16:21:27.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question has the tag WebDriver but in this case I would consider the Selenium IDE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Download and install the Firefox Selenium IDE plug-in - &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start using it and learn how to use its functions to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visit a page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter data in input fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select dropdown options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Submit forms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A final note - I love browser automation but I wouldn't use it for time sheet filling.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Too likely to have a unnoticed error IMHO.  I'm sure it would start at 8 hours every day, never changes but at some point you or others would hit a snag, incorrect or invalid data and when it comes to timesheet entry that can make a real mess and get you into trouble.  Your explanation that you were using automation to fill it out would just make the situation worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-19T09:38:49.387" LastActivityDate="2019-06-19T09:38:49.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25776" CreationDate="2017-02-28T17:17:29.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use something similar to the logic Niels has suggested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also do something like the following in your page object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;// find my button - first, get all button elements on the page&#xA;// then use System.Linq to find the button in the collection&#xA;// with something in its innerHtml that only the back button will have&#xA;// Everything has been declared elsewhere in the unit.&#xA;try &#xA;{&#xA;    button = driver.findElements(By.Type, &quot;button&quot;).Where(c -&amp;gt; c.InnerHtml.Contains(&quot;Back&quot;).First();&#xA;}&#xA;catch (ElementNotFoundException e)&#xA;{&#xA;    // do something to handle not finding the button&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T17:17:29.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25809" CreationDate="2017-02-28T18:54:47.067" Score="11" ViewCount="2603" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a very specific question:&#xA;I am QA Lead with reports who are senior QA engineers. Half of my team is new.&#xA;I have more experience in terms of some of the SDLC processes followed in our company than the other QA team members. And I have also brought in a few process streamlining in our team and continuously doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There have been situations where the Devs and the QAs ask questions about this same process. And I always jump in to clarify when this happens. Since I have been there, done that. However, in most of these instances, the Dev lead says something to this effect after my response: &quot;We will discuss this with the QA engineer and the PM&quot; OR &quot;I will ask release&quot;. Though I don't mind this, since I am definitely not the 'know-it-all' person, her responses are generally for those things that I have already done myself, asked and know the answer of. It is as if she doesn't trust me. And always, the answer she gets from the 3rd party is exactly what I had suggested or replied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when she does this, she forgets that overriding the info I give, or suggest and not acknowledging it undermines my value in the team, and especially so in the eyes of my reports. Not that they don't already know that I was right, but the fact that the Dev lead thinks I am not reliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to approach her with this face to face to understand why she does this and make her understand its effects but I want to know how to approach it. Any advice? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18372" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-09-30T12:01:57.110" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T12:01:57.110" Title="How to deal with a lead developer who questions every action or process suggested by QA lead?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25797" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T18:58:23.760" Score="2" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many companies are giving test engineers quizzes and questions when they are interviewing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a great deal of key knowledge about the business domain and I'm able to add a lot of value with that knowledge.  However when it comes to quizzes and questions which seem to focus on programming knowledge I am lost.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently looking to work with Selenium and Java.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How can I improve my knowledge in those areas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17671" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T20:08:07.123" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T20:27:55.700" Title="How can I better prepare for roles that require selenium and java knowledge?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-01T20:50:00.037" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25796" CreationDate="2017-02-28T20:20:08.740" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen this pattern in nearly every shop with qa/qe and engineers.  My advice from being a dev for 20 years and now a qa engineer for 5 years:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is a practice that programmers actually do with each other.  Did you check this?  what about that?  What about the other?  It's not &quot;questioning the person&quot; though (although it certainly can feel like it), it's going through the assumptions and facts together and seeing what we have.  I have seen non-programmers not be able to handle this well as they don't expect it or understand it very well&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patience.  I see my role as QE (Quality Engineer) is to bring up &lt;em&gt;potential&lt;/em&gt; issues or things that &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt; be of concern.  Don't be alarmed if only 1/4 of them are real bugs or issues.  Don't think of it as 75% rejection.  Think of it as 25% success and if you didn't find that 25% the company would likely have lost customers / revenue, etc.  You may be surprised to find out how much the devs value to 25%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Communication.  It is &lt;em&gt;essential&lt;/em&gt; to have good communication.  With managers and peers I recommend a 15-30 minute 1:1 every week.  For 'collaborators' such as the position you describe I recommend monthly 1:1's  During these meetings (maybe not the first!) you can start to bring up the issues you mention.  However I recommend you do this &lt;strong&gt;one issue at a time&lt;/strong&gt;.  Don't turn the whole session into a complaining one.  Try to bring up several positive points or other work details and then have 1 &quot;why do we/you do this and how can we do it better&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You should &lt;em&gt;also&lt;/em&gt; have regular communication with &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; boss and ask them to help.  At some point up the chain is a managerial position such as director or vp that overlooks both of you.  You may need to appeal to that person.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Trust over time.  If there is currently distrust I would look to take more time to establish trust.  Make sure all your observations, bugs, etc are well-grounded, documented well, represent real issues to the business, etc.  One example I can give is that it took me 9 months at my current company to 'prove' that better error handling would increase the bottom line.  Once I had actually done that, trust went up - but it took 9 months.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you test the right things.  Make sure you relate your findings and observations to the business you are in.  &quot;Users can't read the font&quot; comes across differently than &quot;New user sign-up rates will drop, potentially affecting new user growth as currently required by our business model&quot;.  Guess which gets you more resources (and respect) from the business?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that some devs will take criticism of their code very personally.  I myself often struggle with this when I am writing code.  It's easy to say 'divorce your personal emotions from the code', but can be much harder to actually do as a professional who does care about the quality of your work.  So some devs will take the criticism personally and want to 'check' it against another source instead of just accepting what they feel is like a criticism of them from you.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Talking about criticisms...  Remember that you are double-checking their work in your role.  Think of them as double-checking &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; quality work as a helpful second set of eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Evaluate the situation&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all the above do not help... maybe it's time to move - and ask the right questions in the interview to make sure it is better at the new place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-02-28T21:05:56.563" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T21:05:56.563" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25797" CreationDate="2017-02-28T20:27:55.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think learning some basic coding skills would be very beneficial.  There are many websites that will help you learn basic java and selenium skills.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're just looking to get in to a position and learn on the job, learning pseudo code will go a long way to getting your idea across in an interview even when you might not know the exact syntax.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the biggest things I've seen from interviews is that the thought process can be held with about the same value of beginner programming skills.  Be sure to explain your logic for stepping through the puzzles/quizzes and ask plenty of questions to make sure there aren't any details that you're missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T20:27:55.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25801" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-02-28T20:48:34.487" Score="1" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just ran a test for around 150 users for almost over an hour. After the test I find that the transaction response times are not generated in the Tables tab. I can however notice them on the summary page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I retrieve the results with all the transactions' response times?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24331" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T12:51:42.080" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T12:51:42.080" Title="VSTS 2012 Load/Web Test: Transactions not showing up in the tables tab (Empty table)" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25796" CreationDate="2017-02-28T21:05:22.193" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is a delicate topic in the software industry, one that I have experienced in the past. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially what I did was have a one-on-one conversation with the person and tried to bring it up conversationally with the development lead. This led to the conversation of job place requirements and what I was responsible for and what the dev.&amp;nbsp;leads responsibilities were. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I explained in clear speech that I was concerned that I was being undermined in these meetings, and how that might translate to my peers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately the conversation was then placed in a meeting with our director of development, where the responsibilities were discussed. Overall the dev.&amp;nbsp;lead was pretty annoyed that I brought it up, but I could see an immediate change in the meetings allowing me better control of my team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes communication can be hard for some people to hear, but for me this has made a difference in my day-to-day and hopefully overtime the dev.&amp;nbsp;lead can understand what I was trying to do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This response may not be the answer to your specific situation, but it's my particular method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T17:34:36.403" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T17:34:36.403" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24542" CreationDate="2017-02-28T21:34:44.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One more suggestion which doesn't need separate objects. Might be useful if your locators are different because of, let's say, different user roles, and you want to stick with PageFactory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.Xpath, &#xA;       Using = &quot;@class='logout' or @class='logoutbutton']&quot;)] &#xA;public IWebElement BtnLogout { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duplicating objects just because you need to change one selector is bad. Unless there is a very good reason for it. You can abstract Header, but it wouldn't change the fact that there is a code duplication. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17135" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T21:34:44.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24227" CreationDate="2017-02-28T21:53:16.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you sure that your &lt;code&gt;id=&quot;folder1177&quot;&lt;/code&gt; is not dynamic? If yes, then selecting by ID must work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Potential issues: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Element might be NOT YET visible. You can try waiting. Debug to see if waiting helps before adding it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Element might NOT be visible. I can see a scrollbar and English link being somewhere in the middle. Try scrolling to the element.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check HTML to see if frames are not used. If it is, you will have to switch to frame.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10879206/how-to-switch-between-frames-in-selenium-webdriver-using-java&quot;&gt;Know-How&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17135" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T01:08:47.767" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T01:08:47.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24059" CreationDate="2017-02-28T22:07:06.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, there is nothing wrong with having login steps in your initialize method. What I would do here: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create helper class AuthHelper and put it as property in TestBase. Then I wouldn't have to initialize LoginSteps class every time the login is needed (it might be quite often) or change every test when I rename or do something else to LoginSteps. Then I would call it like that: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AuthHelper().Login(&quot;username&quot;, &quot;password&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or class with static method in it, something like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Login.WithCredentials(&quot;username&quot;, &quot;password&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need code review, post your code to stack exchange - Code Review, a lot of people will found time to help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17135" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T22:07:06.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25801" CreationDate="2017-02-28T22:23:55.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, if the table is empty then the data for that table is unlike to be recoverable. You could look in the database and see if &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/slumley/2010/02/12/description-of-tables-and-columns-in-vs-2010-load-test-database/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;one of the tables&lt;/a&gt; has the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The transaction table will only contain data if the tests have transactions. Note that Visual Studio Web Performance tests have a very specific meaning for &quot;transaction&quot;. They can be added by the context (right click) menu in the &quot;.webtest&quot; editor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a test is aborted I have found that several tables may be incomplete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2017-02-28T22:23:55.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25796" CreationDate="2017-03-01T03:03:50.670" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Emphasis added:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There have been situations where the Devs and the QAs ask questions about this same process. And &lt;strong&gt;I always jump in to clarify&lt;/strong&gt; when this happens. Since &lt;strong&gt;I have been there, done that.&lt;/strong&gt; However, in most of these instances, the Dev lead says something to this effect after my response: &quot;We will discuss this with the QA engineer and the PM&quot; OR &quot;I will ask release&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the questions aren't being directly asked of you, you are doing two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jumping in to answer questions directed at another, and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feeling bad when your interjection is not taken as the final word.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now admittedly I may be missing parts of the broader picture.  But this is what's conveyed to &lt;em&gt;me&lt;/em&gt; by reading your question post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(It also appears that the advice you are referring to is &quot;soft&quot; advice about process implementation details, rather than about specific technical issues observed and tested from your role as QA.  The rest of this answer is written from this assumption.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My recommendations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Start consciously validating others' contributions to the conversation.  This doesn't have to be (and shouldn't be) over the top.  Remarks like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;That's a good point,&quot; or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Thanks for bringing that up,&quot; or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yes, that matches what I've experienced.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If a question is directed at someone else, let them answer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you have something to say from your own experience about a question that was either directed to another, or was directed generally, let whoever is speaking finish, and then open your statement with,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I have some experience on that I'd like to share,&quot; or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I'd like to expand on Joe's remarks,&quot; or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I see where you are coming from; ____ and ____ are important factors to keep in mind.  However, there's a situation I've seen before that I want to avoid, which is ____ and ____.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, &lt;em&gt;get agreement&lt;/em&gt; from your audience to receive your communication rather than just &quot;jumping in.&quot;  (Note: It's possible you're doing this already, but from what's conveyed in your question I think the area would benefit from conscious attention.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Realize that &lt;strong&gt;the dev's communication with others is okay.&lt;/strong&gt;  It won't hurt you.  Just because you've said something about a certain subject, if she then discusses it with someone else also, that's &lt;em&gt;okay.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The flip side of this:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you don't feel she really got what &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; said, try politely responding when she says, &quot;We'll talk to Release,&quot; with something like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Yes, of course you will.  Did you get what I'm driving at, though?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, &quot;okay, I just want to be sure I've successfully communicated; you got &lt;em&gt;my&lt;/em&gt; opinion, at least, right?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Said in a friendly tone, of course.)  In other words, elicit an acknowledgement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of this comes under the heading of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scientology-losangeles.org/beginning-services/success-through-communication-course.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;handling of communication&lt;/a&gt;.  It is this, not technical know-how about SDLC processes, that you should focus on to improve the situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17060" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T03:03:50.670" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25811" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25818" CreationDate="2017-03-01T06:09:43.207" Score="1" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where to find the technical question of different companies to prepare for written Test in Testing profile &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17671" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T10:58:43.270" Title="Testing profile Technical questions" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-03-01T12:50:56.473" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25530" CreationDate="2017-03-01T06:13:22.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Advice would be not to split Value and By in your Accessor class. Id is not a property of By class of selenium. Id is a method with parameters, so you &lt;strong&gt;can't&lt;/strong&gt; invoke it as you did: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;component.Accessor.By = By.Id;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Connect value and By in Accessor class - you don't have to complicate things that doesn't need to be complicate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your accessor class could look like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Accessor&#xA;{&#xA;    public By By { get; set;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you would initialize By like that: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Accessor.By = By.Id(&quot;logout&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then your locating method part could look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;component.WebElement = Browser.Driver.FindElement(component.Accessor.By);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you still want to stick with your way - try reflection. Some ideas could be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26939821/is-there-a-way-to-concatenate-a-variable-with-by-for-selenium-webdriver-in-jav&quot;&gt;stackoverflow link to similar question.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17135" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T06:13:22.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25813" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-01T08:48:17.677" Score="2" ViewCount="1455" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a test case, I need to enter a file path in the Windows dialog box which in turn uploads the file in the specific location. I used Robot class to handle this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue&lt;/strong&gt;: It works seamlessly in local machine, but when I run the same script in a remote machine the file path is being typed/printed where the cursor is located in the local machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.awt.Robot;&#xA;import java.awt.Toolkit;&#xA;import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Remote {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;         String huburl=&quot;&amp;lt;hub url&amp;gt;&quot;;&#xA;           System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\ChromeDriver\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;                DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();&#xA;&#xA;                capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.VISTA);&#xA;            capabilities.setCapability(&quot;name&quot;, &quot;Remote File Upload using Selenium 2's FileDetectors&quot;);&#xA;           WebDriver driver=new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(huburl),capabilities);&#xA;&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;application url&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;            //Thread.sleep(200);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;user&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;cauto&quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*@id='pwd']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Temp1234!&quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginBtn&quot;)).click();&#xA;            Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;            driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(&quot;Default&quot;)).findElement(By.xpath(&quot;..&quot;)).click();&#xA;            Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;            driver.switchTo().parentFrame();&#xA;            String liId = driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(&quot;PPl (qa9)&quot;)).findElement(By.xpath(&quot;..&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;id&quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(&quot;PPl (qa9)&quot;)).findElement(By.xpath(&quot;..&quot;)).click();&#xA;            driver.switchTo().frame(liId + &quot;-Frame&quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='importQuerySubMenu']/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;fileUploadId&quot;)).click();&#xA;            Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;            String importpath=  System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;).concat(&quot;\\src\\test\\resources\\testData\\addEntityOrg.ini&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            StringSelection sel =new StringSelection(importpath);&#xA;&#xA;            Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(sel,null);&#xA;&#xA;           Robot robo=new Robot();&#xA;            Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;            robo.keyPress(java.awt.event.KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;            robo.keyPress(java.awt.event.KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;            robo.keyRelease(java.awt.event.KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;            robo.keyRelease(java.awt.event.KeyEvent.VK_V);&#xA;            robo.keyPress(java.awt.event.KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;            robo.keyRelease(java.awt.event.KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);&#xA;&#xA;            Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;            driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24343" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:39:28.920" LastActivityDate="2020-05-01T07:01:05.113" Title="Unable to enter text in windows dialog box in remote machine [Using Robot class]" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25811" CreationDate="2017-03-01T10:58:43.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have prepared few Interview questions with answers Selenium and Java related question I had during my interview which are listed &lt;a href=&quot;http://qalititude.blogspot.in/2017/01/selenium-java-interview-question-i.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. I will be adding few more examples as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you will find lot of resources when you search google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T10:58:43.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25820" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-01T11:11:24.290" Score="3" ViewCount="4500" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jest&lt;/a&gt; as our test runner for our JavaScript (&lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/react/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;React&lt;/a&gt; and Selenium) tests. We have one or two flaky tests (as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt; marks them flaky and we process them as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_debt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical-debt&lt;/a&gt;), although we will fix them, for the continuously-delivery process it would be very handy if we can retry the tests automatically once or twice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently Jest does not support re-running of tests out-of-the-box. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have been thinking about parsing the output for failed tests and then passing them into a second run with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/cli.html#testpathpattern-regex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;-t&lt;/code&gt; parameter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Alternatively we could try to fire the test again from the Reporter?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example reporter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jasmine.getEnv().addReporter({&#xA;  specDone: async (result) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    if (result.status === 'failed') this.takeScreenshot(result.description);&#xA;    // Rerun test here somehow?&#xA;  },&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully some Jest users have already solved this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is: How can I retry/rerun failed tests with Jest easily automated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T11:22:29.623" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T18:04:56.077" Title="Rerun failed (flaky) tests with Jest" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;jestjs&gt;&lt;flaky&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-01T12:35:39.963" Score="1" ViewCount="1165" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am navigating across an application on different areas like dashboard and google maps and taking screenshots along the way for every new page loaded. The screenshots are captured but only the screenshot taken on the 1st instance when the application is loaded is taken multiple times just with different names, as per the code. So all the 5 screenshots taken for the application are of the same landing page of the application. I have tried putting implicit wait of 60 sec before taking the screenshot / tried putting the implicit wait after the screenshot method is called / currently the code has thread.sleep after every click even, but no difference. It's like the wait is not working at all the screenshot syntax is executed before even the new pages can come up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code for reference :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;  public void ProdValidation() throws IOException, InterruptedException {&#xA;    // Telling the system where to find the chrome driver&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:/Users/avneet.sikka/Documents/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// Create a new instance of the Chrome driver&#xA;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;// Logging in to Atlanta Application&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://test.atlantadwm.mwhaccenture.com/WaterAnalytics/&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;login&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;avneet.sikka&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;as87*63l&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;arrow&quot;)).click();&#xA;//driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(driver.getCurrentUrl().endsWith(&quot;/&amp;lt;WaterAnalyticsFrontController&amp;gt;/&quot;),false);&#xA;Reporter.log( &quot;Atlanta home Page is displayed&quot;, true );&#xA;&#xA;File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;Test Result\\AtlantaHomepage.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;//Navigate to Consent Decree SSES Reports Dashboard&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;geoSub&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;WebElement element8 = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div [class$='calendar']&quot;)); // Locate icon, where we mouse hover&#xA;Actions builder=new Actions(driver); // Use action class to mouse hover on icon&#xA;builder.moveToElement(element8).perform(); //mouse hover on the icon&#xA;String toolTipText8 = element8.getAttribute(&quot;title&quot;); // get the tool tip text and assert&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(toolTipText8 , &quot;Dashboard&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div [class$='projectDash']&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;Reporter.log( &quot;Consent Decree SSES Reports Dashboard is present in WasteWater module under the Dashboard tab&quot;, true );&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div [class$='circledash']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div [class$='projectDash']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;String text1 = &quot;CITY OF ATLANTA&quot;;&#xA;driver.getPageSource().contains(text1);&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(text1, &quot;CITY OF ATLANTA&quot;);&#xA;Reporter.log( &quot;Project Dashboard is displayed and has the heading : CITY OF ATLANTA DEPT. OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT - CONSENT DECREE PROJECTS DASHBOARD&quot;, true );&#xA;&#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;Test Result\\ProjectDashboard.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;//Navigate to Spills Dashboard&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;homeNav&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;geoSub&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div [class$='circledash']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div [class$='spills']&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;Reporter.log( &quot;Spills Overflow Reports Dashboard is present in WasteWater module under the Dashboard tab&quot;, true );&#xA;&#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;Test Result\\WasteWaterModule_Dashboards.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div [class$='spills']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;String text2 = &quot;SPILLS MONITORING DASHBOARD&quot;;&#xA;driver.getPageSource().contains(text2);&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(text2, &quot;SPILLS MONITORING DASHBOARD&quot;);&#xA;Reporter.log( &quot;Spills Dashboard page is displayed and has the heading : SPILLS MONITORING DASHBOARD&quot;, true );&#xA;&#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;Test Result\\SpillsDashboard.png&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;//Navigate to Wastewater Geospatial View&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;homeNav&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;geoSub&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div [class$='geoDash']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;Reporter.log( &quot;WasteWater Geospatial View is displayed&quot;, true );&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(120, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;//Check ShapeFile - Monitored manholeCouncil district and take screenshot&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; CHECKBOXlist = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;(//input[@type='checkbox'])[position()=1]&quot;));&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;(//input[@type='checkbox'])[position()=1]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;for(WebElement checkbox : CHECKBOXlist) {&#xA;   checkbox.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;Reporter.log(&quot;Monitored manhole shapefile is present and loaded in the GeoSpatial View&quot;, true);&#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;Test Result\\MonitoredManhole.png&quot;));&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24346" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T08:14:51.707" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T08:16:50.790" Title="Same screenshots taken for a series of steps in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25821" CreationDate="2017-03-01T12:42:11.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What may be happening here is that the navigation itself is failing, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visit Home.  Take screenshot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to visit page 1 but there is an issue with the link or the form and you are still on the home page, so the screenshot now taken is still the same homepage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could be a missing link, bad link, bad URL, bad parameters, related to js, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T12:42:11.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24304" CreationDate="2017-03-01T13:43:28.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I found several resources where indicated that the correct answer is 'A'.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;At first I was confused but then I've looked up the ISTQB glossary for a term of complete testing and actually this is a synonym for exhaustive testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &#xA;So I agree that this is practically impossible to find all the bugs in the system (as well as exhaustive testing itself), but appears that this is really the best definition for a complete (exhaustive) testing./p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24349" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T13:43:28.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25824" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25825" CreationDate="2017-03-01T13:58:26.417" Score="2" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/stb-tester-one&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stb-tester ONE&lt;/a&gt; to test our set-top box (STB).  We have noticed that sometimes the STB misses some of the IR signals sent from the transmitter (e.g. after several iterations of the same User Journey). Possibly this might be due to the specific STB under test. Did you also observe similar issues with other STBs in the past? Do you have any particular recommendation for us to avoid this, apart from implementing controls within the code to force “retries”?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Disclaimer: I work on stb-tester and am an employee of stb-tester.com Ltd.  This is a sanitised version of a question we've previously received through other support channels published here in an effort to seed a stb-tester support community on stackexchange.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T17:34:11.607" Title="How can I diagnose and fix set-top box keypress unreliability with stb-tester?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;stb-tester&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25824" CreationDate="2017-03-01T13:58:26.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, sometimes it can be a little tricky to get the IR configuration right.  We have a high confidence in our IR blaster hardware.  In soak testing we have sent 1000000 presses through them without a single missed keypress†.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leaves three general causes of IR unreliability (in order of which you should check first):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Bad positioning of the IR blaster over the IR receiver&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The stb-tester ONE’s IR transmitter is a low-power transmitter (to avoid interfering with other set-top boxes in your test lab) so it has to be close against the set-top box’s IR receiver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some set-top boxes are very sensitive to the placement of the transmitter; for example this set-top box has a cylindrical shield extending around the IR receiver diode, so the stb-tester ONE’s IR transmitter must be placed precisely in front of the diode:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gyjQL.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gyjQL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/assets/images/charter-ir-receiver.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using a torch (flashlight) can help you to see the position of the IR receiver behind the set-top box’s plastic case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Bad lircd.conf IR configuration&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try fiddling with the timing information at the top of the lircd.conf infrared configuration file.  We have a blog post where we describe &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/blog/2014/06/10/creating-lirc-config-files-part-1-theory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;how lirc works&lt;/a&gt; and there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://winlirc.sourceforge.net/technicaldetails.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reference documentation on each lirc directive&lt;/a&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, &lt;strong&gt;the easiest thing to do here is add a &lt;code&gt;min_repeat 3&lt;/code&gt; directive to your lirc config file&lt;/strong&gt; and that will often fix issues you've been having.  This goes in your &lt;code&gt;config/remote-controls/xxx.lircd.conf&lt;/code&gt; somewhere between &lt;code&gt;begin remote&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;begin codes&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: your &lt;code&gt;config/remote-control/my-remote.lircd.conf&lt;/code&gt; config file will look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;begin remote&#xA;  name MY_REMOTE_CONTROL&#xA;  bits 8&#xA;  frequency 35555&#xA;&#xA;  ...&#xA;&#xA;  begin codes&#xA;    ...&#xA;  end codes&#xA;end remote&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and you add &lt;code&gt;min_repeat 3&lt;/code&gt; underneath &lt;code&gt;frequency&lt;/code&gt;. So the config file now looks like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;begin remote&#xA;  name MY_REMOTE_CONTROL&#xA;  bits 8&#xA;  frequency 35555&#xA;  min_repeat 3&#xA;&#xA;  ...&#xA;&#xA;  begin codes&#xA;    ...&#xA;  end codes&#xA;end remote&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will cause stb-tester to send the IR signal 3 times each time you call &lt;code&gt;press()&lt;/code&gt; from your test-script.  Your set-top box should interpret this as a single press, as if the user held the button down fractionally longer than usual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find that your set-top box is now performing two presses sometimes instead of one.  In that case change it to &lt;code&gt;min_repeat 2&lt;/code&gt; instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Bad IR receiver hardware/software (in the set-top box)&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have seen some set-top boxes don't always react when you send them a keypress due to hardware problems or software problems.  A symptom of this is that the set-top box will sometimes ignore real presses from a real remote control.  There are two things you can do in this instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fix your set-top box&lt;/em&gt; - if you are the set-top box manufacturer you may be able to lean on your dev team/hardware designers to fix the software/hardware in the set-top box so it doesn't have this issue.  This will be good for the end-users of the set-top box too :)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Work around it in your test-scripts&lt;/em&gt; - it's a good idea to check that performing an action in your test-scripts had the desired result anyway, so you can add logic to retry presses if there was no effect.  Using APIs like &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/manual/python-api?highlight=press_until_match#stbt.press_until_match&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;press_until_match&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; will naturally mask these issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a last resort however as it can reduce the readability of your test-scripts and increase the maintenance cost.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;† Our gen 1 IR blasters had reliability issues (0-0.5% failure rate per press), but we replaced them all in May 2016 sending our reliable gen 2 hardware out to all our customers.  You can read about our investigation and how we fixed it in our &lt;a href=&quot;https://stb-tester.com/blog/2016/05/26/ir-post-mortem&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IR blaster gen 1 post-mortem blog post&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Disclaimer: I work on stb-tester and am an employee of stb-tester.com Ltd.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24282" LastEditorUserId="24283" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T17:34:11.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T17:34:11.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25827" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-01T17:15:26.497" Score="1" ViewCount="802" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a software tester. I want to practice software testing on mobile/smartphone(preferably on android OS). Are there any open source software projects or applications which i can test on my mobile? I mean to say is there any open source projects for android platform that on which i can practice mobile testing/mobile app testing(mainly manual testing)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T17:40:27.477" Title="Open source project for mobile testing practice" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25828" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-01T18:50:17.923" Score="-3" ViewCount="2235" Body="&lt;p&gt;How we can develop data driven framework using Selenium with C# to test the web applications? In your response can you please provide an example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24358" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-19T09:38:43.560" LastActivityDate="2019-06-19T09:38:43.560" Title="How to develop data driven framework using Selenium with C#? Please provide example" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-03-02T02:31:42.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25830" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25833" CreationDate="2017-03-01T22:10:16.270" Score="7" ViewCount="1473" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to QA, and within the first few weeks of starting my position, the developer team held a hackathon day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love the idea of hackathons, but me and my team just carried on doing day-to-day tasks, none of which were crucial. I had the feeling that the consensus was that QA team didn't really have a place at the table, so to speak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I base this on the fact none of our team really interact with the developers on a code level. There is no paired working time, or anything like that, which I've read is a good way to speed up the development of working code. Seeing as the QA team have no code experience, it could potentially have a negative effect, what with the explanations the developers would have to do, and the odds of a QA person spotting a complex bug in the code are slim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rambling aside, I'm wondering if anyone has any experience QA'ing in a hackathon day?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What was your role? Did it go well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24363" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T06:01:58.560" Title="What roles could a QA team have in a (currently) Dev-only hackathon day?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25828" CreationDate="2017-03-01T22:41:22.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You develop it just like anything else you would program. Learn the different parts and combine them together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn C#: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.learncs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.learncs.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn how to read data from Excel with C#: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15793442/how-to-read-data-from-excel-file-using-c-sharp&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15793442/how-to-read-data-from-excel-file-using-c-sharp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn how to drive a test with Selenium in C#: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6334065/how-do-i-use-selenium-in-c&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6334065/how-do-i-use-selenium-in-c&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now when you are combining and implementing it if you get stuck you can ask specific questions to get help with. Although searching the internet might also help first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft also has its own implementation of data-driven tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Using the Microsoft unit test framework for managed code, you can set&#xA;  up a unit test method to retrieve values used in the test method from&#xA;  a data source. The method is run successively for each row in the data&#xA;  source, which makes it easy to test a variety of input by using a&#xA;  single method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;read more and examples here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182527.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182527.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FitNesse: &lt;a href=&quot;https://fitsharp.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://fitsharp.github.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T22:51:58.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25789" CreationDate="2017-03-01T23:14:50.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think that best practices vary just because the underlying technology is rest-assured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cucumber&lt;/a&gt; to organize our tests.  The cucumber steps are written in java.  Some of our tests are UI oriented (browser) while others are API focused.  For the latter we use a mixture of rest-assured (for web endpoints) and DAO (for accessing database and business intelligence data warehouse back ends). For the former we use Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cucumber supports &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behavior Driven Development&lt;/a&gt;.  Some of the Given, When, Then statements implement web testing.  Other steps implement web endpoint testing using rest-assured.  And yet other steps implement back end testing of databases/BI. I use general tags such as @ui, @ep and @dao to coarse group the features and fine grain tags to group those same features by story and/or objective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI based test execution is time consuming.  End point tests and back end tests have much shorter elapsed execution times. So using a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/the-forgotten-layer-of-the-test-automation-pyramid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing pyramid&lt;/a&gt; only a small percentage of your tests should be ui focused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lastly, we execute our features in parallel to minimize total execution elapsed time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17587" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T23:14:50.767" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25830" CreationDate="2017-03-01T23:35:52.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the hackathon was a single group project this is hard.  You can certainly do manual testing and develop simple test plans but you may not find that much fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the hackathon was everyone going off and doing their own thing (possible in pairs or small groups) this provides more opportunity for you.&#xA;In this case you'll still need to take some initiative and decide do you want to do, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learning programming and scripting skills with small projects such as bash scripts, SeleniumIDE scripts, simple page object examples, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn more academic skills about QA and testing - more studying than the typical 'doing' of a hackathon though&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pairing with developers and helping to write tests - if you have the technical skills to do so. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Computer science topics such as Linked Lists, Stacks, Design Patterns, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't consider a hackathon to be only coding (even if it is currently), there's a great guide at &lt;a href=&quot;https://hackathon.guide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://hackathon.guide/&lt;/a&gt; to all the other thing you can do like problem solving.  Excert: &lt;em&gt;The hacking track is for participants to dive into problems. Often groups of 2-5 individuals form around a project, such as building a new data visualization, writing a document, or collaboratively investigating a problem. Participants take out their laptops, connect to power and wifi, and get working.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-01T23:44:25.757" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T23:44:25.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25830" CreationDate="2017-03-01T23:38:04.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yeah, definitely a good idea to go to hackathon day. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been to a couple of them. A hackathon is a really fast paced place to work at. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is not necessarily true that a QA does not how to code. A QA can be a dev too. Especially in recent years, the line between QA and dev has blurred a bit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My role @ a hackathon was to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sit with developers when they are hatching their ideas. I did not sit there as a pure QA, I pinched in my thoughts as well. From my experiences, I know how to structure codes in order to make them more maintainable. I also know how to make codes more testable. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sit with developers when they are coding. I was coding as well. Basically, we were doing pair programming.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a feature was developed, I was helping with improvised quick testing, of course, devs were testing with me.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from technical details, I personally think:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not expect devs to trust you fully from the beginning, everyone earns trust over time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are lots of other chances for devs to get to know you as well apart from attending hackathons. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Approach your manager and volunteer to attend hackathons as a QA, they should not reject you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T23:38:04.170" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25827" CreationDate="2017-03-01T23:55:20.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure there are :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pcqpcq/open-source-android-apps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This is a collection of Android Apps which are open source and you can test them&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-03-01T23:55:20.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25830" CreationDate="2017-03-02T06:01:58.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am SDET but worked as a pure Dev during Hackaton, coding part of the solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you could develop a small testing tool, if you want your solution to be somehow related to testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T06:01:58.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25837" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-02T06:22:48.393" Score="0" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are trying to integrate pull request based testing into our legacy code and the problem is there are lot of errors and warnings needs to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, our first step is while merging new branches into the master not increasing the existing warnings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a plug-in for checking current problems in master and if there are new warnings with new pull request automatically decline and show only those new issues ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24366" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T21:01:20.187" Title="Legacy Code Testing with Jenkins on PHP" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;git&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-02T06:28:08.700" Score="3" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the Project size. For small projects, the time needed to learn and implement them may not be worth it unless personnel are already familiar with the tools. For larger projects, or on-going long-term projects they can be valuable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please guide me in brief?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24367" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T08:16:37.747" Title="Will automated testing tools make testing easier?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25838" CreationDate="2017-03-02T06:47:17.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the project you are working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the project testable using test automation? For a certain aspect of a software project, especially human interface related features, is difficult to be tested using test automation; the reason behind it is that human interface focused features are designed for a human to interpret not for a computer script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is implementing test automation worth it? Manual testing requires much less overhead comparing to automated testing. Automated testing provides dividend over time. If a software project is a one-off (for example, a demonstration), test automation may not be worth it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T06:47:17.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18749" CreationDate="2017-03-02T07:05:34.683" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should design your test cases to be independent, because modularity decreases complexity: If tests are dependent, you would always need to run all test cases if the last one failed, and needed to check all test cases whether they might have caused the error/failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With independent tests, you can run all of them, e.g. during a nightly build, even if some of them fail. Or execute a specific one in isolation. And you need not worry about the ordering of tests. That is why almost all test runners execute all tests and make no guarantee about their order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This applies especially for unit tests. For a few integration tests and acceptance tests some dependency might be acceptable. In that case, use TestNG's dependency feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24367" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T07:05:34.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-02T07:20:29.533" Score="0" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in Selenium and I'm a beginner in Selenium. I am unsure of how well I am doing.  I wrote a small test script in java language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using page object design pattern with my testing framework. I'm following hybrid data-driven test framework and keeping the test data in a property file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I have a new project to automate. I need to improve my test code in my new project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My project is a queue management system. It should have admin module. user module, user register module, token booking module, and others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know if I am doing this the right way and how can I improve?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I concentrate on improving my coding skill or on the way I put my automated tests together? I am not sure that I am doing the right thing with my code. What should I try to improve first?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:44:52.113" LastActivityDate="2019-01-06T16:00:40.367" Title="Best way to improve my Selenium coding skills" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25842" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-02T07:33:40.370" Score="2" ViewCount="7196" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't able to run script in IE11, where same works fine in firefox and Chrome.&#xA;I did change in protected mode settings, Zoom Level Setting &#xA;By Default i have windows registry settings with ieexplorer.exe valued &quot;0&quot;.&#xA;But still same issue occurs. Please provide solution to solve this issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code i have used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;InternetExplorerDriver.IE_ENSURE_CLEAN_SESSION&quot;, true);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignoreZoomSetting&quot;, true);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignoreProtectedModeSettings&quot;, true);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;initialBrowserUrl&quot;,url));&#xA;driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24370" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T07:49:28.623" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T06:19:44.170" Title="Unable to find element on closed window in IE-11, Windows 7-64 bit" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25844" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-02T09:28:56.947" Score="2" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are trying to playback our recorded test scripts but it always gets this response data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;This document you requested has moved temporarily.&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have tried removing &quot;&lt;code&gt;javax.faces.ViewState&lt;/code&gt;&quot; in the request parameters across all the samplers, but it gives the same response data except for the login part of the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any insights or if you could point me to any existing solutions will be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24374" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T11:16:22.023" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T13:07:23.390" Title="JMETER playback" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25844" CreationDate="2017-03-02T09:41:14.417" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not remove that viewstate parameter, but you should make that variable.&#xA;That means you must put a value in that parameter you obtained from a previous response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See for more information: &lt;a href=&quot;http://sjpknight.com/correlating-dynamic-values-in-jmeter/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://sjpknight.com/correlating-dynamic-values-in-jmeter/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T09:41:14.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25844" CreationDate="2017-03-02T09:45:53.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't need to remove this &lt;code&gt;javax.faces.ViewState&lt;/code&gt;, you need to perform so called &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-load-testing-scenarios-jmeter-part-1-correlations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correlation&lt;/a&gt;, i.e. extract the value of this &quot;viewstate&quot; hidden input, convert it into a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Variable&lt;/a&gt; and add this variable to the next request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also don't forget to add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan to represent browser cookies and deal with cookie-based authentication. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T09:45:53.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25849" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25853" CreationDate="2017-03-02T10:10:07.817" Score="2" ViewCount="726" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am in stuck using with calender automate  I want to automate a calender using with selenium. I am following page object design pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here is my code..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pageobject    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; @FindBy(how=How.ID,using=&quot;booked_for&quot;)&#xA;        WebElement booked_for;&#xA;   public void setCalender(String strdate){&#xA;       // booked_for.clear();&#xA;        booked_for.sendKeys(strdate);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;pageobjectsteps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AppointmentPage appointmentPageobj= PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver,AppointmentPage.class);&#xA;      appointmentPageobj.setCalender(strdate);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AppointmentPage ex=log.Valid(&quot;986444545&quot;,&quot;antony&quot;,&quot;anto@gmail.com&quot;,&quot;Demo&quot;,&quot;2017-03-04&quot;,&quot;Dr.John&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: invalid element&#xA;  state: Element must be user-editable in order to clear it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inspect code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;booked_for&quot; value=&quot;2017-03-02&quot; name=&quot;booked_for&quot; readonly=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;form-control type-num date-inp&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Couldn't automate the calender and clear()  is get error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T09:48:57.497" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T09:48:57.497" Title="How to automate a calender using selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18749" CreationDate="2017-03-02T10:11:38.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I understand your want something like if you have 5 test case and if got exception in 2nd test method then it closes the browser and moves to the 3rd test method.&#xA;First, need to understand how TestNG work. Whenever any test case got an exception then TestNG marked its status as Fail and move to next test case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now your 1st problem solved that it should move to next test case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The close browser creates the &lt;code&gt;@AfterMethod&lt;/code&gt; with below code:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CODE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterMethod&#xA;public void appendFinalHTMLReport(ITestResult result){&#xA;    if(result.getStatus() == ITestResult.FAILURE)&#xA;    {&#xA;       driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Description of above code:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;ITestResult is the last method final result. So we are checking if fail then try to close the browser.&#xA;The difference between in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;driver.close : Close the focused browser window.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;driver.quit : Close all browser windows and end the session safely. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you used &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; then your driver object needs to be initialized again. That's why using &lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt; - to close your current browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this will help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17190" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T06:57:17.073" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T06:57:17.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25837" CreationDate="2017-03-02T10:18:46.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will need some steps to get there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have you repository system to notify Jenkins about the PR.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That will depend on your system. &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/GitHub+pull+request+builder+plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/se.bjurr.prnfs.pull-request-notifier-for-stash/server/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bitbucket&lt;/a&gt; have system to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32108380/jenkins-how-to-build-a-specific-branch&quot;&gt;Build the PR branch&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Notification+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Report the job status&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can mitigate conflicts using a branching model like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/comparing-workflows#gitflow-workflow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gitflow&lt;/a&gt;, so developers can merge more frequently and only send PR without conflicts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T10:18:46.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25852" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25896" CreationDate="2017-03-02T10:28:34.793" Score="0" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short Version&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work for a company that provides software tools to multiple customers. One of our customers is ISO certified. Are there any software certification standards like ISO, ITIL, etc. where &lt;em&gt;if one of our customers becomes certified, we would also have to become certified&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background Information&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work for a company who has no clue what software quality assurance is about (no two different people have the same way of working, bug lifecycle is non-existent, etc.), but recently I saw on the website of one of our customers that they are ISO certified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that a company can be ISO certified while they get their tools from a company who doesn't care about quality. I call this &quot;not contagious&quot; as the ISO certification of one company doesn't impact the whether or not their suppliers have ISO certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now my question: are there software quality standards that force software suppliers to also become certified; and if so, which ones and how popular are they?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24375" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T16:33:10.940" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T16:39:14.980" Title="Do any software certification standards force suppliers to also become certified?" Tags="&lt;iso-9000&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25849" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:03:54.023" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try below code :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(how=How.ID,using=&quot;booked_for&quot;)&#xA;WebElement booked_for;&#xA;public void setCalender(String strDate){&#xA;  //Code Here&#xA;  booked_for.clear();&#xA;  booked_for.sendKeys(strDate);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here Need to know below things :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Please provide input. Here &lt;code&gt;strDate&lt;/code&gt; is input.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Try to use proper ID,name , xpath, css etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Try to avoid override methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternative solution :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Click on date element. Get element of Date, Month and Year and select it. For this you need to create one method which can read date and select as per input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution of new edit of question :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: invalid element state&lt;/code&gt; this exception says, Web page elements get change after some user events or more specific HTML element is getting change in their properties run time like class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So here I have two different ways to solve this error. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kindly use as per requirements and feasibility with code :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. Use element directly like below :&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;booked_for&quot;)).sendKeys(strDate);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;2. Initiate page object when your elements get changing :&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AppointmentPage appointmentPageobj= PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver,AppointmentPage.class);&#xA; appointmentPageobj.booked_for.click();&#xA;AppointmentPage appointmentPageobj= PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver,AppointmentPage.class);&#xA; appointmentPageobj.setCalender(strdate);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here first we click on calendar then get new page object repo and send our new date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T05:35:00.567" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T05:35:00.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25854" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:19:16.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A discussion can be a two way communication, it is a group of individuals with similar interest who gather either formally or informally to bring up ideas, solve problems or give comments. The major approaches are in person, via conference call or website. People respond comments and post forum in established mailing list, new group or Other group members could choose to respond by posting text or images.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-05T09:15:40.520" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T09:15:40.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25855" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:19:16.750" Score="0" Body="Discussion helps to gather either formally or informally to bring up ideas, solve problems or give comments." OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-05T09:15:40.520" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T09:15:40.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25856" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:22:43.793" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:22:43.793" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:22:43.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25857" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:22:43.793" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:22:43.793" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:22:43.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25858" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:24:37.233" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:24:37.233" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:24:37.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25859" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:24:37.233" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:24:37.233" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:24:37.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25860" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:27:29.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Windows 10 introduces what Microsoft described as &quot;universal apps&quot;; expanding on Metro-style apps, these apps can be designed to run across multiple Microsoft product families with nearly identical code‍—‌including PCs, tablets, smartphones, embedded systems, Xbox One, Surface Hub and Mixed Reality. The Windows user interface was revised to handle transitions between a mouse-oriented interface and a touchscreen-optimized interface based on available input devices‍—‌particularly on 2-in-1 PCs; both interfaces include an updated Start menu which incorporates elements of Windows 7's traditional Start menu with the tiles of Windows 8. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get more &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;info at wiki page.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-05T08:58:42.920" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T08:58:42.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25861" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:27:29.307" Score="0" Body="Windows 10 is a personal computer operating system developed and released by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems. It was released on July 29, 2015." OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-05T08:58:42.920" LastActivityDate="2018-03-05T08:58:42.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25862" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:29:38.557" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:29:38.557" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:29:38.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25863" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:29:38.557" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:29:38.557" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:29:38.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25864" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:34:35.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is an &lt;code&gt;XML&lt;/code&gt; file that contains information about the project and configuration details used by Maven to build the project. It contains default values for most projects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T17:51:45.073" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T17:51:45.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25865" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:34:35.040" Score="0" Body="A Project Object Model (POM) is the fundamental unit of work in Maven." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T17:51:55.920" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T17:51:55.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25866" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:36:29.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.properties&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Properties files&lt;/a&gt; can also be used to store Strings for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Internationalization and Localization&lt;/a&gt; and error messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/java&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;java&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;java&lt;/a&gt; and related technologies frequently use properties files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T17:12:53.853" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T17:12:53.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25867" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:36:29.017" Score="0" Body="A .properties file is either a simple text file or an XML file containing pairs of keys and values. Java and related technologies frequently use .properties files to store configuration information." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T17:13:06.947" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T17:13:06.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25868" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:42:10.620" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:42:10.620" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:42:10.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25869" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:42:10.620" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:42:10.620" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:42:10.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25870" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:44:34.450" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:44:34.450" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:44:34.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25871" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-03-02T12:44:34.450" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-02T12:44:34.450" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T12:44:34.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25842" CreationDate="2017-03-02T13:42:33.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;InternetExplorerDriver.IE_ENSURE_CLEAN_SESSION&quot;, true);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignoreZoomSetting&quot;, true);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignoreProtectedModeSettings&quot;, true);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;initialBrowserUrl&quot;,&quot;www.google.co.in&quot;);&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, &quot;D:\\Downloads\\IEDriverServer_x64_3.1.0\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;    InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;q&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Manoj Test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above code working fine on my system&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Window 7 64 Bit &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IE Driver is 3.1 64 Bit &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IE version is:&#xA;11.0.9600.18537&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share code for debugging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17190" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T13:42:33.867" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25873" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25874" CreationDate="2017-03-02T14:37:18.323" Score="2" ViewCount="1058" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came up in a scenario where I have floating button to identify. There is two buttons, Save and Cancel. When I am on top of the page buttons are like in a floating panel and once I scroll down and reach the bottom of the page then button will be fixed. So both cases I have two different identifier to identify the buttons. I am using the below code to scroll down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;                jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,250)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, when I scroll down, how to know I reached the end of the page or not? Because I cannot scroll like unlimited time right? Once I reached the bottom of the page I can stop scrolling and check for the fixed button element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24355" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-19T04:42:32.203" LastActivityDate="2019-06-19T04:42:32.203" Title="How to identify floating button using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25873" CreationDate="2017-03-02T15:44:25.690" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can scroll to the end of the page using JavaScript as pointed out in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/11715670/1106708&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt; answer. Here is the code snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works fine &lt;em&gt;unless&lt;/em&gt; you have content load as you scroll down (i.e. lazy loading). If that is the case, I would scroll to the bottom until a condition is met. This condition could be your &quot;floating&quot; element is Displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T15:44:25.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25876" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24604" CreationDate="2017-03-02T17:18:48.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason is that capitalization is significant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Testcase&quot; should be &quot;testCase&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;setup&quot; should be &quot;setUP&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18877" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T02:33:24.907" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T02:33:24.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25827" CreationDate="2017-03-02T17:40:27.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't need an Open Source Android app to test. You can use just about any .apk built for Release &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.experitest.com/display/public/SA/Instrumenting+Android+Applications&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[Source]&lt;/a&gt;. This is unlike iOS apps that have to be built using a Debug build and have the test framework packaged in &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.experitest.com/display/public/SA/Instrumenting+iOS+Applications&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;[Source]&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools like Xamarin (free with Visual Studio Community for Windows and Xamarin Studio for OSX) or SeeTest (paid app) only ask for the apk file and runs with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use Xamarin but linked SeeTest as my sources since the docs were easier to find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T17:40:27.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25878" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25879" CreationDate="2017-03-02T18:05:52.123" Score="2" ViewCount="1411" Body="&lt;p&gt;NUnit3 Console runner saves test results in xml at the end of the test run. But in my case I want to save the partial results on each test failure, so that in case console runner crashes or is stopped, I can still get partial results for completed tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22575" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T22:22:05.717" Title="Nunit3: how to save the test results while tests are running" Tags="&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25878" CreationDate="2017-03-02T18:46:27.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use NUnit3's &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/TestContext&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestContext&lt;/a&gt; that creates a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dotnetperls.com/textwriter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TextWriter&lt;/a&gt; and save the output where ever you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use Console.WriteLine() and read the Output in Visual Studio's Test Explorer (requires you have the NUnit3TestAdapter). This also works when I run tests via Bamboo. Anything written to the Console is saved in the Bamboo log.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T18:46:27.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25880" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25881" CreationDate="2017-03-02T19:14:57.857" Score="3" ViewCount="630" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a SAVE button which is active only if I do some changes and then trying to save it. Otherwise its disabled. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the html for that button:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button id=&quot;customize-site-save&quot; class=&quot;button button--primary&quot; data-ng-class=&quot;ButtonController.getCssClasses()&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; data-disable-on-call=&quot;&quot; data-ng-disabled=&quot;PlatformCustomizeSiteController.customizeSiteForm.$pristine&quot; data-ng-click=&quot;DisableOnCallController.actionEnabled() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (PlatformCustomizeSiteController.save())&quot; translate-keep-content=&quot;true&quot; disabled=&quot;disabled&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this HTML, the disabled tag is only active when the button is disabled. How can I check that disabled is active or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my x path &lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='customize-site-save']&lt;/code&gt; for the button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just want to press the button if there is no disabled tag in the html.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24355" LastEditorUserId="24353" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T03:00:32.537" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:40:35.643" Title="Identifying if an element is present or not using selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25880" CreationDate="2017-03-02T19:46:36.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you try if following workaround works for you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        IWebElement btnEnabled = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;customize-site-save&quot;));&#xA;        IWebElement buttonDisabled = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;button[disabled ='disabled']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        bool btnStatus = IsElementPresent(buttonDisabled);&#xA;        if (btnStatus== false)&#xA;        {&#xA;            btnEnabled.Click();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; public bool IsElementPresent(IWebelement element)&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;          driver.FindElement(element);&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (NoSuchElementException)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22664" LastActivityDate="2017-03-02T19:46:36.620" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25880" CreationDate="2017-03-02T21:25:01.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.jsp#page-object-design-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PageObject Pattern&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FindBy Annotation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(webDriver,timeOutInSeconds,pollingInterval);&#xA;&#xA;FindBy(id = &quot;customize-site-save&quot;)&#xA;WebElement saveButton;&#xA;&#xA;public saveWhenReady() {&#xA;    return webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(saveButton)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you initialise you waits to your QoS requirements, this will only report a fail only if the button does not appear in time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T11:40:35.643" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:40:35.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20843" CreationDate="2017-03-02T22:28:55.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, this is a fundamental feature of what &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; entails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since these are new APIs, you actually have a tremendous opportunity here to pursue &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1898989/what-do-contract-first-and-contract-last-mean&quot;&gt;contract first web service development&lt;/a&gt;.  Consider SOAPUI as a development tool not just a test tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SOAPUI rather quietly supports a contract first approach. The API can be designed via its UI or a imported WADL/WSDL.  It can then generate service mocks for the client developers and unit tests for the service developers.  It can generate the  boilerplate code for both.  The inbuilt Groovy Scripting is very powerful and will go down well with developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T11:42:15.327" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:42:15.327" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25884" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-03T06:02:10.730" Score="0" ViewCount="4181" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in Selenium. And I have got an error unable to locate element username. I'm using Java language. I am following page object design pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pageobject&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; @FindBy(how=How.XPATH,using=&quot;//*[@id=\'user_name\']&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement username;&#xA;public void setUername(String usernam){&#xA;       WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\'user_name\']&quot;)));&#xA;    username.sendKeys(usernam);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AppointmentPage appointmentPageobj= PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver,AppointmentPage.class);&#xA;&#xA;        appointmentPageobj.setUername(usernam);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AppointmentPage ex=log.Valid(&quot;9845612345&quot;,&quot;naveen&quot;,&quot;nav@gmail.com&quot;,&quot;Demo&quot;,&quot;2017-03-04&quot;,&quot;Dr.biju&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inspect locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;user_name&quot; value=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;user_name&quot; class=&quot;form-control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;name&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;username&quot;}&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=56.0.2924.87)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.25.426924 (649f9b868f6783ec9de71c123212b908bf3b232e),platform=Linux 4.4.0-64-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 193 milliseconds&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:49:13 -0700'&#xA;System info: host: 'naveen-Inspiron-3542', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-64-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_121'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, mobileEmulationEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.25.426924 (649f9b868f6783ec9de71c123212b908bf3b232e), userDataDir=/tmp/.org.chromium.Chromium.JfNimh}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, hasTouchScreen=false, version=56.0.2924.87, platform=LINUX, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, acceptSslCerts=true, locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}]&#xA;Session ID: 650ae51248719121c19384d62127029c&#xA;*** Element info: {Using=name, value=username}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to put the locators ID, NAME, XPATH and CSS too. But still same error is coming what to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2019-06-20T10:45:44.960" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T18:58:20.703" Title="Unable to locate element in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25884" CreationDate="2017-03-03T07:20:00.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your element is wrong by standard ways. Change as per below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id='user_name']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your code, change lines as per under  :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(how=How.XPATH,using=&amp;quot;//*[@id='user_name']&amp;quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//*[@id='user_name']&amp;quot;)));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xpath can not get element attribute with  double quote (&amp;quot;) symbol. Use single quote (').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let come to &lt;code&gt;Null Pointer exception&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It might come for below scenario :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;driver is not initialize properly. So try to change below line with existing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(DriverManager.driver, 60);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;DriverManager.driver&lt;/code&gt; when you need &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T13:38:02.327" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-03T07:41:15.153" Score="3" ViewCount="1265" Body="&lt;p&gt;For my program I want to read a key from a properties file and an associated List of values for the key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently I was trying like that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Util:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl;&#xA;    public Properties prop;&#xA;&#xA;    public DriverManager() throws IOException {&#xA;        // Get baseUrl property&#xA;        File file = new File(&quot;config.properties&quot;);&#xA;        FileInputStream fileInput = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            fileInput = new FileInputStream(file);&#xA;        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        //load properties file&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;String,List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;&amp;gt;categoryMap = new Hashtable&amp;lt;String, List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        Properties prop = new Properties();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            Set&amp;lt;Object&amp;gt; keys = prop.keySet();&#xA;            List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; categoryList = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;            for (Object key : keys) {&#xA;                categoryList.add((String)prop.get(key));&#xA;                LoginSteps.categoryMap.put((String)key,categoryList);&#xA;            }&#xA;            System.out.println(categoryList);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Category Map :&quot;+LoginSteps.categoryMap);&#xA;&#xA;            keys = null;&#xA;            prop = null;&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Throwable e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;property file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;nam=geo,george, sony&#xA;pass=1,2,3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to do like this, but got some error in my code util package.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T13:07:45.683" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:07:45.683" Title="How to write multiple test cases in property file" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25886" CreationDate="2017-03-03T09:10:06.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apache &lt;a href=&quot;http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-configuration/apidocs/org/apache/commons/configuration2/AbstractConfiguration.html#getStringArray-java.lang.String-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PropertyConfiguration&lt;/a&gt; support loading of keyValue with same keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below method can return list of values for same key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;getList(key)&lt;/code&gt; and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;getStringArray(key)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T12:43:02.397" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T12:43:02.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25888" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-03T09:33:20.657" Score="3" ViewCount="25527" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in Selenium. I'm using Java language. I am following page object design pattern. I want to automate an autocomplete search test box. After entering a single character or multiple character autocomplete should display the name in the list. I want to automate this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(how=How.ID,using=&quot;category&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement category;&#xA; public void setCategory(String cat){&#xA;        category.sendKeys(cat);&#xA;&#xA;        selectOptionWithText(cat);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AppointmentPage appointmentPageobj= PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver,AppointmentPage.class);&#xA;appointmentPageobj.setCategory(cat);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; AppointmentPage ex=log.Valid(&quot;9845612345&quot;,&quot;naveen&quot;,&quot;nav@gmail.com&quot;,&quot;Demo&quot;,&quot;2017-03-03&quot;,&quot;Dr. Bijoy Balakrishnan&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshot:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qOziR.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qOziR.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshot of website with dropdown&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2019-04-24T14:25:16.953" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T04:39:25.587" Title="How to automate an autocomplete search text box?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25888" CreationDate="2017-03-03T09:56:18.117" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use following approach in C#, you can use parallel approach in Java Define a WebElement collection element with IList type for values in dropdown,as each dropdown value will have same class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;&amp;lt;className Of the dropdown values&amp;gt;&quot;)]&#xA;public IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; DropDownOptionsList { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;public void selectOptionWithText(string cat)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if (cat.Length &amp;gt;= 1)&#xA;            {&#xA;                foreach (IWebElement item in DropDownOptionsList)&#xA;                {&#xA;&#xA;                    if (item.Text ==cat)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;                        item.Click();&#xA;                        break;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA; public void setCategory(String cat){&#xA;        category.sendKeys(cat.Substring(0, &amp;lt;NumberofCharactersYOuWantToEnter&amp;gt;));&#xA;&#xA;        selectOptionWithText(cat);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22664" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2017-03-03T12:35:47.877" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T12:35:47.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25625" CreationDate="2017-03-03T12:31:29.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All you need to do is to add a week to today as mentioned below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${= def nextWeek = new Date() + 7; nextWeek.format(&quot;yy-MM-dd&quot;)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, there is an element &lt;code&gt;deliverDate&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;deliverDate&amp;gt;${= def nextWeek = new Date() + 7; nextWeek.format(&quot;yy-MM-dd&quot;)}&amp;lt;/deliverDate&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15919" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T12:31:29.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12892" CreationDate="2017-03-03T13:20:13.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to add one more point: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application is making AJAX requests then this solution will not work directly. The HTTP authentication prompt will be shown. In order to bypass that what can be done is from the test case directly fire the URL for which the Ajax request will be sent by the application later. This will create the HTTP authorization header which will be carried in all subsequent requests including the Ajax requests and the authentication prompt will not be shown thus enabling smooth execution of the test case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24401" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T22:56:21.287" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T22:56:21.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17076" CreationDate="2017-03-03T13:40:38.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gebish.org/manual/0.9.1/browser.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.gebish.org/manual/0.9.1/browser.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pages define an “at checker” that the browser uses for checking if it is pointing at a given page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class SignupPage extends Page {&#xA;    static at = {&#xA;        $(&quot;h1&quot;).text() == &quot;Signup Page&quot;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;Browser.drive {&#xA;    to SignupPage&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T13:40:38.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25852" CreationDate="2017-03-03T16:39:14.980" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In short, &lt;strong&gt;no&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISO 9000 certification is about a quality control process in the organization: all the other certifications for quality follow the same general pattern of determining that &lt;em&gt;the company has a defined, systematic process of quality management; and that the process is followed&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This places no obligation on suppliers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;However&lt;/em&gt;, there is nothing to stop a company deciding to only purchase from suppliers with ISO 9000 or equivalent certification. This is entirely the decision of the company. It has nothing to do with whether or not the company is certified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A company without ISO 9000 certification could refuse to buy from non-certified companies. A company with certification could buy from non-certified companies. The certification is not relevant to the purchasing decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-03T16:39:14.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25897" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25902" CreationDate="2017-03-04T02:27:55.167" Score="14" ViewCount="2057" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing up a white paper to introduce Agile. As my role is a QA engineer working for a consultancy company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We want customers to hire us to train them in implementing Agile and we DO want our customers to be aware of various traps when implementing Agile as well as false expectations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking of adding some scenarios that show if Agile is not properly implemented, it may backfire on you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you experienced any scenarios where Agile does not improve efficiency or even hurdle coding?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-04T17:08:15.470" LastActivityDate="2021-02-10T08:20:16.653" Title="Will implementing Agile generally improve code quality?" Tags="&lt;agile&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25897" CreationDate="2017-03-04T02:46:00.947" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have had a few interesting stories to tell:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For a company I was working for, the team leader (also the scrum master) would ask for an extremely detailed report during a morning standup. Our stand-up normally took 1 hour to complete. When it was my turn, I would normally give a very brief description of what I have done, what I am planning to do. The whole point of having a morning stand-up is not to learn every single detail of others' work; most people would lose attention when a one-sided conversation drags on too long, especially when you are not interested (let us be honest, who wants to know all the details of others' work, every day?).  In conclusion, having a morning stand-up is to have a short session that everyone is aware of the big picture, it needs to be short and succinct. IMO, having a long morning stand-up really defeats its purpose. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A robotic scrum master. There was a dedicated scrum master that was hosting morning stand-ups. This guy got a nickname &quot;robotic scrum master&quot; soon after he joined us as all he did was saying &quot;OK, now it is your turn to talk.&quot; Whenever a decision was to be made, he would say &quot;I am only the scrum master, it is not my job.&quot; In conclusion, if we take roles out of an Agile textbook and strictly role-play them as they are described in a book, it will not work so well either. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A company I was working for had a kickback culture, people were nice to each other; but it would cost this company a lot. During retrospective, problems were identified, but no action was taken to correct or prevent them in the future. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T02:46:00.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14648" CreationDate="2017-03-04T06:34:19.260" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried adding the CSV files in the /bin directory inside all slave machines, but remote start was failing. The variables where substituded as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got it working by following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Place the CSV in same locations in all the slave servers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide complete path of the CSV in the JMeter configuration eg: /home/ubuntu/file.csv&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check permissions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remote start&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24409" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T06:34:19.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25897" CreationDate="2017-03-04T09:08:12.460" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;we DO want our customers to be aware of various traps when&#xA;  implementing Agile as well as false expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than pitching Agile (noun) as a product, sell best practices and continuous improvement that will result in the customer being more agile (adjective), use business objectives or being more responsive to customers/users needs and issues.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avoid issues in the first place using TDD and automated testing. Code quality could be improved with static analysis, peer-review or pair-programming, include those practices as appropriate in the over-all offering, but they are only one aspect of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;/a&gt;, which is only one aspect of being agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_aren&amp;#39;t_gonna_need_it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt; reduces costs by avoiding wasted effort. The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BDD&lt;/a&gt; promotes a focus on valuable features; Pitch the range of improvements with tangible benefits, notices which interest them and follow up with those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T18:00:54.673" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T18:00:54.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25897" CreationDate="2017-03-04T09:46:38.167" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tl;DR&lt;/strong&gt;: Yes, it should if you practice technical excellence. Sadly often it doesn't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The current most popular Agile framework Scrum mainly focuses on process quality and project communication. If you get yourself a project manager transitioning to Scrum Master you will be in trouble, because they have no clue about &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?InternalAndExternalQuality&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;internal&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.davidchappell.com/writing/white_papers/The_Three_Aspects_of_Software_Quality_v1.0-Chappell.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;structural&lt;/a&gt; quality and why this is so very important in Agile product life-cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to Scrum it is up to the team to increase product quality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During each Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team plans ways to&#xA;increase product quality by adapting the definition of “Done” as&#xA;appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds pretty good on paper, but Scrum focuses mainly on the process. The &lt;strong&gt;technical&lt;/strong&gt; product quality could become an oversight. Going faster and faster, while making the code worse and worse. Trusting blindly on developers to improve code quality and having the skills for this, fighting quality, or executing quality practices under time pressure is a dream that is just not true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore other Agile frameworks often mention quality practices. The best known are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the rules from ExtremeProgramming&lt;/a&gt;: Pair-programming, TDD, Refactoring, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like how the &lt;a href=&quot;http://less.works/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LESS&lt;/a&gt; (Large Scale Scrum) team puts it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Organizational Agility is constrained by Technical Agility&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most companies starting with Agile forget about the technical part. Therefor practicing &lt;a href=&quot;http://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;technical excellence&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as described in the Agile manifesto is a must. Your organisation can be o so flexible, but if your product resists change on a code level, was it worth it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuous attention to technical excellence  and good design enhances&#xA;agility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the manifesto signees, namely &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/unclebobmartin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robert C. Martin&lt;/a&gt; is fighting to improve the code quality skills of developers, with his books &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clean Code&lt;/strong&gt;: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship&lt;/a&gt;, The Clean Coder and &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0135974445&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Software Development, Principles, Patterns, and Practices&lt;/a&gt;. I truly believe it is necessary that an Agile coach teaches the skills described in these books to the development team, but in the real world I only have met a few who do and who really understand the impact of these practises. To often they trust the developers to know, experience shows they don't, even if they think they do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be sure to find an Agile teacher, coach, Scrum Master that has been either an ex-Developer, ex-Tester or worked in a team that practiced technical excellence. ex-Project managers are probably the worst candidates, although they might be better at resolving organisational impediments. Which might be the biggest hurdle in getting started with Agile in some bigger companies in the first place. But for small teams starting with Agile, focus on technical quality will benefit them greatly!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why am I writing this, because I have seen multiple successful products developed non-waterfall at different companies. Where the end result was that the teams came to a &lt;strong&gt;grinding halt&lt;/strong&gt; when it comes to adding new feature to the product. Fixing one thing would mean breaking something else. The nature of the Agile process does not by default deliver a good structural maintainable and extendable product, certainly not Scrum. This is the biggest trap if you ask me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second biggest trap is &lt;strong&gt;deadlines&lt;/strong&gt;. Even if the team does all the estimates taking into account good quality practices. Most product managers will commit features to clients. Putting a team under time pressure does not help with delivering high quality code. Still most companies do this even if they are very aware they shouldn't. This is because clients also need to pitch internally to get budget, leading to roadmaps and deadlines. I think we should &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@NReijmersdal/the-agile-sales-pitch-6c67ef303bc9#.vg0x06gkc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;revisit Agile sales pitches&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2021-02-10T08:20:16.653" LastActivityDate="2021-02-10T08:20:16.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25897" CreationDate="2017-03-04T11:25:22.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There really is no link between 'agile' and code quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the day, you have the same programmers writing the same code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scrum or (Lean or Kanban) is to do with how they spilt it up, what order they do it in and reporting progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think what you should write about is the challenge of adding processes which add to code quality. (unit tests, code review, or whatever). into an agile methodology, While maintaining a focus on delivering features to deadlines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can big up the difficulty of balancing technical debt vs feature delivery, continual development vs scheduled manually tested releases etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The kind of thing that doesnt come in a book, the kind of thing only the hard won experience of your big time consultants can tell you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24414" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T11:25:22.487" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15098" CreationDate="2017-03-04T11:48:36.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a plugin that lets you define different types of sub-types: &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/net.brokenbuild.subtask-types/server/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/net.brokenbuild.subtask-types/server/overview&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would not make it to complicated and use technical tasks. Maybe just add [X-Ray] to the start of the summary. Or add a label called X-ray. This so you can filter on them from the boards or other locations. Creating X-Ray tests is a technical task, not? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T11:48:36.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25897" CreationDate="2017-03-04T17:15:02.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;I believe it will depend because the definition of quality comes from the business&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me try and give three examples where the answers might be &quot;No&quot;, &quot;Yes&quot; and &quot;Maybe&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NASA - Will the agile discovery be appropriate for planning ahead and writing high quality code with very strict and fixed requirements?  Probably No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Uber - Will constantly iterating over the design and implementing feedback from customers improve code quality?  Possibly yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Healthcare.gov - will iterating over the design improve code quality given a large number of regulatory requirements and the need to consider data exchange standard from the start.  Maybe?  Not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T17:15:02.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25906" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25907" CreationDate="2017-03-04T18:57:15.003" Score="2" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using testComplete for a web-based automated test suite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the first time for me to use testComplete, I put all of my &lt;strong&gt;javaScript&lt;/strong&gt; files into one large file. I am wondering if it is possible to refactor this large file into smaller ones for easier maintenance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-04T19:04:10.420" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T19:04:10.420" Title="Is it possible to import / export function using testComplete?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25906" CreationDate="2017-03-04T19:03:49.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is definitely possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please take a look at the following images I stole from the internet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can create more script files by adding new items under Advanced folder. Create as many as you needed. The option &quot;Advanced&quot; is actually partially cover in the next picture.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4Z6py.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4Z6py.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give the files you created with meaningful names.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Import and export functions as needed by right click on script files. You will see an interface similar to the following picture. &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dlD1V.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dlD1V.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From there, follow the instructions. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T19:03:49.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19965" CreationDate="2017-03-04T22:32:24.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes if the application is limited, the screens are similar and the locators are few, don't worry about a Page Factory for every page, just have one that all the specs share.  Now 'limited', 'similar' and 'few' are obviously subjective terms and are really going to depend on other factors within your organization and also the ways in which pages do really differ and are similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I face this decision 18 months ago and, against the objections of others decided that one single data structure was the best route.  Our actual &lt;em&gt;implementation&lt;/em&gt; itself changed several times btw from static strings to hash values to dynamic methods but that was all irrelevant to the topics of how to break out Page Objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a year this was the right decision - many values were shared among all our workflows and it was easier to follow the css selector patterns we were using by just editing 1 file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually we out-grew this and it was time to change.  A couple of warning signs that we need to do this were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some identifiers were repeated as duplicates because the Page Object file had hundreds of line entries and no clear way to organize them  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some identifiers were no longer used by our workflows but the identifier were left because developers didn't know if they were used elsewhere.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some growth it made more sense to break out the page objects into groups.  For us this was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database identifiers used on INPUT fields as generated by Ruby on Rails.  We made a common data store (ok, 'file') for these and included it with any workflows that required it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flow/page specific identifiers (often for navigation).  These we put in separate files that were included by the spec or specs that needed them for the workflow under test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once we had done this it became a lot easier to edit specs, update Page Objects, avoid duplicate Page Objects and remove old unused Page Objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also learned from this that even with the new structures it is really helpful to put in checks for your standards ('Test your tests').  I developed two to try and help 'keep the house in order':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test (part of the test suite) that takes the db page object file and (via unix uniq command) makes sure that the file has all unique entries by comparing number of lines in original and in &lt;code&gt;.uniq&lt;/code&gt; version.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test (part of the test suite) that goes through each line in the Page Object file and makes sure that it is used by a spec somewhere&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-04T22:32:24.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25909" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-04T23:41:21.830" Score="2" ViewCount="5273" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone please help how to write data in CSV file as rows and columns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have below code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.FileWriter;&#xA;import com.opencsv.CSVWriter;&#xA;&#xA;// I am extracting all vars.get from XPath&#xA;&#xA;Name = vars.get(&quot;AB&quot;);&#xA;Requests = vars.get(&quot;CD&quot;);&#xA;Errors = vars.get(&quot;EF&quot;);&#xA;trnxs = vars.get(&quot;GH&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;CSVWriter csvwriter = new CSVWriter(new FileWriter(&quot;C:\\Users\\test\\Desktop\\J METER\\Report\\Report.csv&quot;);&#xA;String[] row = new String[]{&quot;Name&quot;,&quot;Requests&quot;};&#xA;csvwriter.writeNext(row);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get an error as: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; Error invoking bsh method: eval   In file: inline evaluation of:&#xA;&amp;gt; ``import java.io.FileWriter; import com.opencsv.CSVWriter;  DealerName&#xA;&amp;gt; = vars.get( . . . '' Encountered &quot;;&quot; &#xA;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;gt; Problem in BeanShell script org.apache.jorphan.util.JMeterException:&#xA;&amp;gt; Error invoking bsh method: eval   In file: inline evaluation of:&#xA;&amp;gt; ``import java.io.FileWriter; import com.opencsv.CSVWriter;  DealerName&#xA;&amp;gt; = vars.get( . . . '' Encountered &quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24423" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T08:37:36.470" LastActivityDate="2019-12-27T13:06:27.857" Title="JMeter: Write data in CSV file as rows and columns" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-05T11:02:06.870" Score="4" ViewCount="1394" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say that I want to create an ad on some website. I am using Selenium IDE to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand how creating positive tests work, but I am confused about how to create good negative tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes a good negative test? Do I need to assert/verify that the data is correct or not? Is the test only considered negative testing if it shows that it failed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24400" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T12:56:51.393" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T20:55:27.810" Title="Creating negative tests" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;negative-test&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-07T16:45:14.680" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25910" CreationDate="2017-03-05T15:36:27.870" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.  I treat positive and negative tests as basic tests.  I treat them quite similarly and use them both in my tests.&#xA;I assert that the things I should see are there and that things I shouldn't see are not there.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In the SeleniumIDE I use frequently use &lt;code&gt;assertElementNotPresent&lt;/code&gt; for negative assertions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Positive assertion examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the button is present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the text is present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the form is present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the input field exists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the submit button exists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Negative assertion examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the button is not present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the text is not present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the input field does not exist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the submit button does not exist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They often both have roles in a given test, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I click on a button that opens up a form for 'add room'  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the form is displayed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the 'add room' button does &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; exist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I enter correct data and submit the form&#xA;Expectations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I see a message that the room was added&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; see the form anymore&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I enter invalid data and submit the form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I see a message about invalid data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I see the form redisplay with an error message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; see the 'add room' button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Word of caution - always use a &lt;strong&gt;positive&lt;/strong&gt; expectation when you have a negative one, otherwise ANY result including 404 and 500 http status code error pages may satisfy the negative expectation, but without a positive assertion, give you a &lt;strong&gt;false positive&lt;/strong&gt; result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to treat tests as 'happy path' and 'sad path' (happy - everything goes right, sad - user makes mistakes) rather than positive and negative tests as those words can get confusing (e.g. the element should NOT be there but is so is that a positive or negative test?).  Happy tests can include both positive and negative assertions and so can Sad tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T20:55:27.810" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T20:55:27.810" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25886" CreationDate="2017-03-05T15:50:46.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The path before the test method will be defined by data provider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&#xA;    Object[][] setData() {&#xA;        return new Object[][] {&#xA;                {&quot;geo&quot;, &quot;123&quot;},&#xA;                {&quot;geosony&quot;, &quot;1&quot;},&#xA;                {&quot;geo&quot;, &quot;0055&quot;},&#xA;                {&quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;}&#xA;        };&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rewrite the test method this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(dataProvider = &quot;setData&quot;)&#xA;    public void initDriver(String name, String password) {&#xA;        //Arrange&#xA;        HomePage page = new LoginSteps().Login(name, password);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23889" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T07:56:39.130" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T07:56:39.130" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25915" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-05T16:38:15.260" Score="5" ViewCount="1629" Body="&lt;p&gt;My org is looking into the possibility of using Kafka data streaming as part of our applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to understand this a little bit more I have been doing some research online and think I've grasped a high level understanding of Kafka, it's purpose and it's advantages etc.  But I'm wanting to understand more about how to system test an application that utilises Kafka, however I have been struggling to find much information out there that provides some pointers in this area so was hoping there was someone out there who has experienced this first hand and could help point me in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the moment I just have more questions then answers in areas such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Logging, how can you trace messages through Kafka to help determine if / where an issue has occurred.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Replaying message, if a message fails how can this be replayed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How can you query Kafka, is it possible to query Kafka to verify that messages have been stored correctly or to run your own queries on the messages to confirm that further analysis done on the streams is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing with Kafka, our automation suite currently utilises SpecFlow and Selenuim, is it possible to use the same tools to automate tests where kafka is a system component?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help, links to blogs / videos etc. would be very welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9038" LastActivityDate="2018-10-10T01:00:27.863" Title="Test Strategies for Stream Processing / Event Processing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;&lt;disscussion&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25910" CreationDate="2017-03-05T16:44:50.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First we need to define positive vs negative testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Positive testing is the type of testing that can be performed on the&#xA;  system by providing the &lt;strong&gt;valid&lt;/strong&gt; data as input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Negative Testing is a variant of testing that can be performed on the system by providing &lt;strong&gt;invalid&lt;/strong&gt; data as input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For example look at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/positive-vs-negative-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/positive-vs-negative-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for your Advertisement example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The positive test should check the advertisement is display when using valid data as it settings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The negative test would be to check that an error message is shown when using invalid data as it settings, the advertisement should not be displayed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you create those test with Selenium depends. First try todo it manually and then see if you can automate that same path. E.g. first write positive and negative test-cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wonder if you really need to write tests for the negative paths. What is the chance a real user would execute it that way. If the chance is high make sure you have good test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T16:44:50.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25910" CreationDate="2017-03-05T18:46:35.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I write wrong data in some of the fields do I need to assert/verify right data about that field or I don't need to use assert/verify at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yes, you will definitely to verify wrong data you have written in some of the fields. Imagine yourself as an end user, you would expect a software application to warn you that you have done something wrong AND even better to guide you out of this. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In addition to your question&lt;/strong&gt;: the interesting difference between valid inputs and invalid inputs is: the collection of valid inputs is almost always smaller than the collection invalid inputs. E.g. the number of invalid inputs there are for a field is almost always infinite. You need to be very strategic when you select your invalid inputs for your negative tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it only considered negative testing if it shows that it failed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It depends. What if the invalid input you have chosen is not recoganized as invalid? It is not uncommon for a software to accept invalid inputs, that is why we have negative tests: to make sure a software will fail when it is supposed to fail. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how to create negative test in selenium ide&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It depends on how your software handles an invalid input. In general, provide a known invalid input then look for its associated failure message is the way to go. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Please bare in mind that Selenium IDE does not support error-handling well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-05T19:26:23.103" LastActivityDate="2017-03-05T19:26:23.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25918" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-05T19:37:17.827" Score="4" ViewCount="7996" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test scenario that is to verify a tooltip text on a particular element so I tried to use a Selenium inbuilt keyword &quot;Mouse Over &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;xpath&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; but this doesn't work though the test is passing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also used other keywords such as &quot;Focus &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;xpath&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; and &quot;Simulate &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;xpath&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;  click&quot; this also seems not working though the test is passing. I am currently testing on Firefox 3.6 browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone help me if there is any such keyword that could hover the mouse on the html element to see the tooltip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xu3IQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xu3IQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ng-isolate-scope&quot; ng-show=&quot;document.showMultipleRolesTooltip &amp;gt; 1&quot; items-list=&quot;document.userStudyRoles&quot; fc-multiple-roles-rollover=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;fc-multiple-roles-rollover resizeable-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;ng-binding ng-scope&quot; ng-repeat=&quot;item in itemsList&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;      Microbiologist&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;ng-binding ng-scope&quot; ng-repeat=&quot;item in itemsList&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;      Extended Site Staff&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22758" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T13:15:09.637" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T14:43:44.643" Title="How to verify a tooltip text using mouse over in selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25909" CreationDate="2017-03-06T05:30:40.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, remember to download this &quot;opencsv&quot; library and make sure it is somewhere in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#classpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter classpath&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 2 approaches to get more information about your Beanshell script failure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.beanshell.org/manual/bshcommands.html#debug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;debug()&lt;/a&gt; command to the beginning of your Beanshell script. This way you will be able to get a lot of information regarding your script flow in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_streams#Standard_output_.28stdout.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stdout&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Put your code inside the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/exceptions/try.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;try block&lt;/a&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    //your code here  &#xA;}&#xA;catch (Throwable ex) {&#xA;    log.error(&quot;Error in beanshell&quot;, ex);&#xA;    throw ex;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you will be able to see normal &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3988788/what-is-a-stack-trace-and-how-can-i-use-it-to-debug-my-application-errors&quot;&gt;stacktrace&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/queen-jmeters-built-componentshow-use-beanshell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use BeanShell: JMeter's Favorite Built-in Component&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on Beanshell scripting and troubleshooting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general I would recommend using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/listeners.html#sample_variables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sample Variables&lt;/a&gt; property instead of your flaky approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T05:30:40.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25821" CreationDate="2017-03-06T08:16:50.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before every screenshot you need to call &lt;code&gt;getScreenshotAs()&lt;/code&gt; again, add this line before each time you want to save a screenshot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;scrFile&lt;/code&gt; does not continuously update its value with the current screen, only when you evoke getScreenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T08:16:50.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25922" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-06T09:07:52.543" Score="3" ViewCount="2011" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that test scenarios, test cases and checklists are different things and are important for testing. I've landed a job as a QA in startup that's adopted scrum methodology and is fast paced. Mostly, the projects are web based with rich &amp;amp; complex features. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So... is it important for me to create super complex test cases (which might be waste of time, because I've been assigned to four projects to handle by myself), or is it better to create simple yet detailed test scenarios and checklist?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of my friends that have worked with different companies but similar types of project didn't implement test cases in their testing documentation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, please share any references from books or websites about creating simple test cases for web applications. Thank you so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24317" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T15:08:11.840" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T05:29:26.787" Title="Which one i should make? complex test scenario and test case or checklist?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25886" CreationDate="2017-03-06T09:11:09.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not see you loading config.property file to your Property variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;prop.load(fileInput);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;after&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Properties prop = new Properties();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should resolve your error. Also, try to keep everything inside one try catch block.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23986" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T09:11:09.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25925" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-06T11:27:51.973" Score="2" ViewCount="638" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in Selenium with page object design pattern, without any Selenium frameworks. I did a sample login page. I am keeping my test data in a property file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;baseurl=http://&#xA;nam=geo,sony,geo,geogr,ge&#xA;pas=1234,123,56,345,12&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is pageobject package to identify the locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageobject;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 6/3/17.&#xA; */&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class HomePage {&#xA;    @FindBy(how= How.NAME, using = &quot;username&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement username;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.NAME, using = &quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement password;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.XPATH, using=&quot;//*[@id=\'login-container\']/form/div[3]/div/p/input[1]&quot; )&#xA;    WebElement button;&#xA;&#xA;    //enter  username&#xA;    public void  userLogin(String user, String pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;        username.sendKeys(user);&#xA;        password.sendKeys(pass);&#xA;        button.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and steps package for initializing the elements for locators class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package steps;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;&#xA;import pageobject.HomePage;&#xA;import util.DriverManager;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.BufferedWriter;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.FileWriter;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;&#xA;import java.util.Calendar;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 6/3/17.&#xA; */&#xA;public class LoginSteps extends DriverManager {&#xA;&#xA;    public LoginSteps() throws IOException {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //    public HomePage Login(String nam, String pas) {&#xA;    public HomePage Login() {&#xA;        String nam, pas;&#xA;        //  SamleFileInput();&#xA;&#xA;        String[] namArray = prop.getProperty(&quot;nam&quot;).split(&quot;,&quot;);&#xA;        String[] pasArray = prop.getProperty(&quot;pas&quot;).split(&quot;,&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        HomePage homePageObj = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver, HomePage.class);&#xA;&#xA;        String resultData;&#xA;        String status;&#xA;//        BufferedWriter writer = null;&#xA;&#xA;        String timeLog = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;yyyyMMdd_HHmmss&quot;).format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());&#xA;        File logFile = new File(timeLog + &quot;.txt&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//        writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(logFile))&#xA;&#xA;//        homePageObj.userLogin(nam,pas);&#xA;        int len = namArray.length;&#xA;        try (BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(logFile))) {&#xA;            for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; len; i++) {&#xA;                nam = namArray[i];&#xA;                pas = pasArray[i];&#xA;&#xA;                homePageObj.userLogin(nam, pas);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                if (driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;)) {&#xA;                    status = &quot;Success&quot;;&#xA;                } else {&#xA;                    status = &quot;Failed&quot;;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                resultData = &quot;User: &quot; + nam + &quot; Pwd: &quot; + pas + &quot;  Status: &quot; + status+&quot;\n&quot;;&#xA;                System.out.println(resultData);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                writer.append(resultData);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;            writer.close();&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } finally {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                // Close the writer regardless of what happens...&#xA;&#xA;            } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;//        homePageObj.userLogin(nam,pas);&#xA;&#xA;            return homePageObj;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;util package to initilize the webdriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package util;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.util.Properties;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 6/3/17.&#xA; */&#xA;public class DriverManager&#xA;{&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl;&#xA;    public Properties prop;&#xA;&#xA;    public DriverManager() throws IOException {&#xA;        // Get baseUrl property&#xA;        File file = new File(&quot;config.properties&quot;);&#xA;        FileInputStream fileInput = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            fileInput = new FileInputStream(file);&#xA;        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        //load properties file&#xA;        prop = new Properties();&#xA;        try {&#xA;            prop.load(fileInput);&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // Start driver&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        baseUrl = prop.getProperty(&quot;baseurl&quot;);&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the login test itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import pageobject.HomePage;&#xA;import steps.LoginSteps;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;import static util.DriverManager.driver;&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Created by naveen on 6/3/17.&#xA; */&#xA;public class LoginTest&#xA;{&#xA;    public LoginTest() throws IOException {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void initDriver() throws InterruptedException, IOException {&#xA;        //Arrange&#xA;        try {&#xA;     HomePage page = new LoginSteps().Login();&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;Hello Sony George&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        //AppointmentPage page1=new Appointmentsteps().Valid(prop.getProperty(&quot;num&quot;),prop.getProperty(&quot;usernam&quot;),prop.getProperty(&quot;ema&quot;),prop.getProperty(&quot;cliid&quot;),prop.getProperty(&quot;strdate&quot;),prop.getProperty(&quot;cat&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it a good practice to keep the looping statement for test data in loginsteps ?   whether I have a user register page, so I think it will more shuffled code. so  Is it possible to keep the looping statement for all common class files to put in drivermanager ? whats your opinion ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T16:21:18.310" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T20:37:16.820" Title="Is it a good practice to keep the looping statement in loginsteps class?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25925" CreationDate="2017-03-06T11:45:41.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are using TestNG, I would suggest you to go with @DataProvider. This way you can be more sure that what test data passed and what failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you loop inside login method, you will have only one test case. And it will be difficult to figure out what failed when you have 1000s of test data to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, loginStep is not meant to parse the data. I would keep that away from it. May be looping part, I will include into test class. It will increase my re usability of loginStep class and method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23986" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T11:45:41.150" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15588" CreationDate="2017-03-06T13:18:06.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try below XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[contains(text(), 'Issues Management')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might be it will help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17190" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T13:18:06.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16428" CreationDate="2017-03-06T13:19:02.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Found the solution worked for our project. Before &lt;code&gt;driver.get(url)&lt;/code&gt; we execute the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;osascript -e tell application &quot;${browserName}&quot;&#xA;   activate&#xA;   delay 1&#xA;   end tell&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;browserName&lt;/code&gt; could be &lt;code&gt;safari&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;chrome&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;firefox&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24442" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:30:47.470" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:30:47.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22863" CreationDate="2017-03-06T13:26:09.170" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of waiting for your element, try to put wait for the invisibility of previous element. Like try the below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 100);&#xA;&#xA;    boolean waitUntil = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//Div&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Might be it will help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17190" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T13:26:09.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25930" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-06T13:45:31.080" Score="1" ViewCount="893" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Jmeter in remote env.(1manager server, 3-5 querying servers, 1 target server).&#xA;I have fixed EPS/QPS and threads(gradually increasing up to a certain value). I want to know if there is any parameter/plug-in that I can use to get the total number of requests sent to target server and the total number of requests (actually)received by the target server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: If anyone has any other such comments/situations related to this, please share.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23039" LastEditorUserId="21451" LastEditDate="2017-12-03T13:36:10.750" LastActivityDate="2021-04-17T12:44:55.693" Title="How to get number of requests sent and actually received by server in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25931" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-06T14:09:06.953" Score="3" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anyone been successful with load testing an application in oracle ADF 12c using JMeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are able to record just fine but when it comes to playback we get all sorts of errors. We have also tried correlation using regex for javax.faces.viewState and afrLoop from blogs but they are all in 11g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24443" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:34:14.240" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:34:14.240" Title="Load Testing a ADF 12c application using JMETER" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25922" CreationDate="2017-03-06T14:47:48.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different companies expect different things... so try not to look to your friends projects for comparison. Someone who works in Financial Technology is going to have different requirements to someone who works in Retail, for example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without trying to give the &quot;it depends&quot; answer - you need to ask the business a few things to help yourself and set their expectations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who will be executing the test cases? If it's yourself, then they will look different if someone else will be executing them. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What does the business want? Are they okay with simple or do they need complex/detailed cases?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why&lt;/strong&gt; (always ask why!) does the business need simple or complex tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where will the test cases be stored, and how will they be delivered?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the company bound by a governing body, and therefore needing more detailed test cases for auditing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't got any references for you, this is just out of experience. Some companies love detailed test cases and reporting for progress and metrics (and, if you're contracting, they'll be keen to re-use the tests when you're gone), whilst others couldn't care less and just want to know whether the system works or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps! It's really down to you and the company you work for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T14:47:48.333" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25922" CreationDate="2017-03-06T17:37:48.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The projects are web based with rich &amp;amp; complex features and adopted scrum methodology and is fast paced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rich &amp;amp; complex features can always be broken down into smaller &amp;amp;&#xA;simpler test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As you stated, if development is fast paced, so should be testing; but it still takes time to deliver a complex feature piece by piece, which means you can plan your complex tests piece by piece. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So... is it important for me to create super complex test cases (which might be waste of time, because I've been assigned to four projects to handle by myself), or is it better to create simple yet detailed test scenarios and checklist?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may find create simple yet detailed test scenarios and checklist for four projects will eat up lots of time as well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instead of writing a super complex test case that tests everything, is it possible to write a high level abstract test plan / guideline?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, please share any references from books or websites about creating simple test cases for web applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/sample-test-cases-testing-web-desktop-applications/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;180 sample test cases for web applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/web-application-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web application testing in 8 steps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/complete-web-application-testing-checklist.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web application testing checklist&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;automation web application testing using Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T17:37:48.763" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25925" CreationDate="2017-03-06T20:29:11.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot see any reason for the looping.  It appears to simply be doing the same happy path test 5 times with no clear reason why the test is doing so.  This fails the principle of least surprise.  If there is a valid reason then make it clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect you are gaming your test metrics believing this offers some sort of extra value.  After all more tests must be better, right?  In functional testing the answer is a clear no.  It offers no extra value but increases the costs, complexity, maintenance and run time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead consider and list the different scenarios necessary to prove the feature works as expected; each test should know the pre-condition(s) that make it valid, how to execute the feature under test (the test objective), the post-condition(s) justify a pass.  I can think of three plausible scenarios (expressed below in Gherkin).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given an Authorised user&#xA;When the authentication is performed&#xA;Then access is granted&#xA;&#xA;Given a Suspended user&#xA;When the authentication is performed&#xA;Then access is refused&#xA;&#xA;Given an Unregistered user&#xA;When the authentication is performed&#xA;Then access is refused&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could be data-driven, but with only three test cases, offers marginal benefit.  If you had to test thousands of different products, then a data-driven test would be a clear advantage.  Weigh up the cost vs benefit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-03-06T20:37:16.820" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T20:37:16.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23973" CreationDate="2017-03-06T22:46:20.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Client side performance compared with server side performance is the best way to do this.  It may take more time, but if you utilize a client side performance tool and prove that the application is loading and functioning in short timeframe and that the majority of the wait time is waiting on server side communications then it proves that it's server side and not client side.  If you are trying to isolate network vs. server you take the similar approach and monitor the server itself to get server processing metrics.  The leftover after the client/server metrics points to the network itself instead of the application.  There are various tools for this that will work.  I assume you are utilizing a tool to capture what you have for the server part already.  Here are a few sites that list some other tools for various types of capturing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://taligarsiel.com/ClientSidePerformance.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://taligarsiel.com/ClientSidePerformance.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://samsaffron.com/archive/2012/03/23/sam-s-ultimate-web-performance-tools-and-resources&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://samsaffron.com/archive/2012/03/23/sam-s-ultimate-web-performance-tools-and-resources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-06T22:46:20.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23973" CreationDate="2017-03-07T01:14:17.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd say no; you've shown that the issue isn't related to the client machine specifically, but that doesn't eliminate the network.  There may be a bottleneck between the client and the server, such as a congested switch port.  You really need to control all parts of your test environment, and isolate them from the rest of the world.  It isn't clear to me you've done this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T01:14:17.570" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25930" CreationDate="2017-03-07T04:58:17.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are testing a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Message_Service&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMS&lt;/a&gt;-based system it should be possible to get such information via &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Management_Extensions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMX&lt;/a&gt;. I believe that all Java MQ implementations should expose some form of statistics via JMX (i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11035_01/wls100/javadocs_mhome/weblogic/management/configuration/JMSServerMBean.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMSServerMBean&lt;/a&gt; for WebLogic) or so you will be able to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/management/jconsole.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JConsole&lt;/a&gt; to explore the metrics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you figure out the required endpoints you can make the collection unattended using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JMXMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMXMon Plugin&lt;/a&gt;. The plugin can be installed using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VI6g8.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Plugins Manager&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T04:58:17.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25941" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="25943" CreationDate="2017-03-07T05:14:40.837" Score="16" ViewCount="1699" Body="&lt;p&gt;One test automator quit his job a few days ago. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We noticed today all most all of his test programs produced fake results. What he did was either producing random test results or &lt;code&gt;assert true == true&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sound very stupid, but how do we prevent test automator from creating fake results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Specifically: what are the industry-recommended practices to audit test automation code and prevent a test automator from generating code that doesn't test what it is supposed to test?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-07T12:53:26.560" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T23:13:47.473" Title="Good practices to audit test automation code" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25941" CreationDate="2017-03-07T05:23:05.507" Score="6" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review test automation code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run each automated test at least once before you write the code it will test. (Of course, this means you'll have to &lt;em&gt;write&lt;/em&gt; the test code before you write the code it will test.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T05:23:05.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25941" CreationDate="2017-03-07T05:27:12.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code review will do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Management, senior managers need to be aware of the value of having a review. They have to actively allow effort and time for reviews. This is normally the hardest part. Some senior managers consider reviews to be waste of time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team leader, they need to supervise reviews to be carried out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team members need to perform technical reviews, peer reviews, walkthrough and inspection.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T05:27:12.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25944" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26027" CreationDate="2017-03-07T06:41:27.477" Score="2" ViewCount="2793" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in selenium with page-object pattern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My senior developer said: no hard-coded in your automation script. data or parameters in a program in such a way that they cannot be altered without modifying the program. So I am keeping my test data in a property file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can do validate a single test case.  what is everyone doing to write multiple test cases to automate in a single property file?  Is it possible to write a list statement  in common for all class files ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not following any selenium framework. Is data driven framework better to use multiple test data in property file?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anybody please help me..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the drivermanager class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl;&#xA;    public Properties prop;&#xA;&#xA;    public DriverManager() throws IOException {&#xA;        // Get baseUrl property&#xA;        File file = new File(&quot;config.properties&quot;);&#xA;        FileInputStream fileInput = null;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            fileInput = new FileInputStream(file);&#xA;        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        //load properties file&#xA;        prop = new Properties();&#xA;        try {&#xA;            prop.load(fileInput);&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;// List or arraylist&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // Start driver&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        baseUrl = prop.getProperty(&quot;baseurl&quot;);&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;property file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;url=&quot;http://&quot;&#xA;nam=x,y,z,a&#xA;pas=q,w,e,r,t&#xA;username=q,w,e,r,&#xA;name=e,r,t,y,u&#xA;address=q,w,e,r,t&#xA;phone,1,2,3,,5&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is everyone doing to automate this multiple cases ? which is the easiest way that everyone should following ? I know how to automate a single  valid test case and I can't do with multiple test cases . What is everyone doing in this situation ? somebody please help me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-03-07T09:12:08.520" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T18:28:21.917" Title="Automate mutliple test cases in a property file?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25944" CreationDate="2017-03-07T07:21:21.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yeah, separate test data from test cases is a good idea. You will achieve better flexibility (as your senior dev said) and better maintainability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I do is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I save my test data in a separated Excel sheet. There are free modules available for you to access, modify Excel sheet entries using Java.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1516144/how-to-read-and-write-excel-file-in-java&quot;&gt;How to access Excel using Java, stackoverflow link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I need to test multiple cases, so when I am executing a login page test. It will test muliple cases and when I execute my user register module it will test multiple cases by this single class looping statement. I got an information in using list or arraylist is a better option. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yeah, there is a better option. You could consider TestNG framework. Using it, instead of using looping to run various test cases, you can use tags to run different test cases. Please follow this link, &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T08:29:45.250" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25948" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-07T09:27:02.810" Score="2" ViewCount="475" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I am trying to write test script using selenium webdriver to log in to ms dynamics free trial registration @ &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/dynamics/free-crm-trial.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/dynamics/free-crm-trial.aspx&lt;/a&gt; I am  stuck at one of pages in registration&#xA;I am unable to move to button Create my account in attached screenshot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    //set driver settings&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/dynamics/free-crm-trial.aspx&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    //click on get started and switch to tab 2 &#xA;    WebElement startButtton = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Lead:Crm:Trial&quot;));&#xA;    startButtton.click();&#xA;    ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; tabs2 = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; (driver.getWindowHandles());&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(tabs2.get(1));&#xA;&#xA;    //fill form data and click on next button&#xA;    Select droplist = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_SelectedRegion&quot;)));   &#xA;    droplist.selectByVisibleText(&quot;India&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement FirstName = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;StepsData.FirstName&quot;));&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait1 = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);&#xA;            wait1.until(ExpectedConditions.stalenessOf(FirstName));&#xA;    WebElement FirstName1 = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;StepsData.FirstName&quot;));&#xA;    FirstName1.sendKeys(&quot;gayatri&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement LastName = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;StepsData.LastName&quot;));&#xA;    //WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);&#xA;    //wait.until(ExpectedConditions.stalenessOf(LastName));&#xA;    WebElement LastName2 = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;StepsData.LastName&quot;));&#xA;    LastName2.sendKeys(&quot;kulkarni&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement EmailAddress = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_EmailAddress&quot;));&#xA;    EmailAddress.sendKeys(&quot;abc@abc.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement PhoneNumber = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;PhoneNumber&quot;));&#xA;    PhoneNumber.sendKeys(&quot;8888888888&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement OrganizationName = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_OrganizationName&quot;));&#xA;    OrganizationName.sendKeys(&quot;company&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Select language = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_OrganizationLanguage&quot;)));   &#xA;    language.selectByVisibleText(&quot;English&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Select OrgSize = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_OrgSize&quot;)));   &#xA;    OrgSize.selectByValue(&quot;50-249&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement NextButton = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;MultiPageLayout_Next&quot;));&#xA;    NextButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;    //fill form data and click on create my account button&#xA;    WebElement UserId = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_UserId&quot;));&#xA;    UserId.sendKeys(&quot;gayatrik2512&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement DomainName = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_DomainName&quot;));&#xA;    DomainName.sendKeys(&quot;meetQA&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement Password = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Password&quot;));&#xA;    Password.sendKeys(&quot;xxxxx@123&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement Repassword = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;RePassword&quot;));&#xA;    Repassword.sendKeys(&quot;xxxxx@123&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement EmailCheck = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_EmailCheckboxChecked&quot;));&#xA;    if(!(EmailCheck.isSelected()))          &#xA;    EmailCheck.click();&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement PhoneCheck = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_PhoneAgreementCheckboxChecked&quot;));&#xA;    if(!(PhoneCheck.isSelected()))          &#xA;        EmailCheck.click();&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement PartCheck = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;StepsData_PartnerAgreementCheckboxChecked&quot;));&#xA;    if(!(PartCheck.isSelected()))           &#xA;        PartCheck.click();&#xA;&#xA;    **Actions act = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    act.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;MultiPageLayout_Next&quot;))).click().build().perform();**&#xA;&#xA;    PFA screenshot&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j1TJb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j1TJb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17891" LastEditorUserId="17891" LastEditDate="2017-03-07T09:34:58.913" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T10:34:27.047" Title="unable to move to button with selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25949" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26030" CreationDate="2017-03-07T09:33:09.133" Score="3" ViewCount="1371" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a REST-API that validates data (system to system communication). This data is described in XML. The content of the XML is validated using business rules which are implemented in the system. I would like to define scenario's with the client (the three amigos) that test the validation of example XML data-files. How would I go about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my view, I have two options: 1) describe the XML-data as input     2) reference to an existing document. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario Outline: Add valid document&#xA;  Given I have the following XML&#xA;  &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     &amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot; standalone=&quot;no&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;element&amp;gt;&#xA;          .....&#xA;        &amp;lt;/element&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;  When I POST this XML&#xA;&#xA;  Then results should not contain value `&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;` at path `&amp;lt;xpath&amp;gt;`&#xA;&#xA;  Examples:&#xA;&#xA;    | xpath             | code        |&#xA;&#xA;    | /xpath/expression |  ERROR_CODE |  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given I have XML with id 1&#xA;When I post this XML&#xA;Then results should not contain value `&amp;lt;code&amp;gt;` at path `&amp;lt;xpath&amp;gt;`&#xA;&#xA;      Examples:&#xA;&#xA;        | xpath             | code        |&#xA;&#xA;        | /xpath/expression |  ERROR_CODE |  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 1 might be a bit too technical, but to be noted here is that the business knows about validating data, what fields are validated and the expected validation errors. The benefit to this approach is that the test-data is separately defined from the system and is combined with the test-case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 2 is better to understand but you are bound to the data which is already in the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any opinions about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24468" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T13:04:24.043" Title="Cucumber Gherkin XML-input" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;&lt;input-field&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25948" CreationDate="2017-03-07T10:50:39.637" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry, I cannot comment as I do not have the required reputation, but why are you using moveToElement? If you want to click, try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElement(By.id(&quot;MultiPageLayout_Next&quot;)).click()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12784" LastEditorUserId="12784" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T10:34:27.047" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T10:34:27.047" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2017-03-07T12:23:33.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why don't you try using regular expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So,&#xA;Sample regular expression can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;([v,i,d,e,o,V,I,D,E,O])\w+&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One regular expression should identify all combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S: Regular expression given about is not really accurate. But as per answer to your question. Regular expression is batter way to handle this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23986" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T12:23:33.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25941" CreationDate="2017-03-07T13:03:54.173" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said: &lt;strong&gt;code review&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not uncommon for code like &lt;code&gt;assert true == true&lt;/code&gt; to be used as a placeholder during test automation development (I personally would use &lt;code&gt;assert true == false&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;assert fail&lt;/code&gt; or similar as my placeholder so my code &lt;em&gt;could not&lt;/em&gt; pass until I was ready to write the correct assert, and so there was no chance I would forget the placeholder). Code reviews will catch placeholder code as well as outright bad code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The critical thing that you need to do is to &lt;strong&gt;treat automation code as production code&lt;/strong&gt;. That includes coding standards, code reviews, and every other code quality standard in your organization. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T13:03:54.173" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25941" CreationDate="2017-03-07T13:46:28.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to on-going code review I would consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Existing code audit(code review)&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code review is normally done for new and changed features.  Based on what you have already found I would take a step back and review all the existing test code as if it is new.  You'll often need to develop a strategy to review them in chunks alongside existing feature development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Champion good practices&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you document, promote and encourage good practices they are more likely to be followed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Red, Green, Refactor&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn about and practice this technique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Education&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From lunch and learns to half-day seminars provide plenty of learning material on doing the right thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pay for performance&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Include code quality items in personal performance reviews.  Reward the bottom line ($) for doing the right thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Tech Debt weeks&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Much as I try to do the right thing now I also balance this with the business need to deliver features.  My outlet is that I sometimes create debt tech tickets.  We do 1 or 2 weeks of tech debt every 6 weeks so these are not 'wishful' tickets that aren't ever done but actually queuing up of real work to be done soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Pairing&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From dev-dev to dev-qa to qa-qa it helps to keep folks more honest, open and questioning assumptions.  Group-think can be an issue but generally I find the benefit to be positive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Code Quality Tools&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From code climate to codecov there are a lot of code analysis tools out there.  They help you manage the process of having quality code by analyzing your code base and test coverage.  They can show you improvements over time and can let you set and manage levels of code quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Test your tests&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider adding code that looks at the structure of your tests themselves and looks for things like: duplicate page objects, unused page object, not using page objects, use of &lt;code&gt;true == true&lt;/code&gt; statements, etc.  Make these into actual tests so that you can let the tests help enforce the standards, not you through constant persuasion arguments in code review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;btw 'industry standard' doesn't work for me here.  The software quality industry is still too varied and undefined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T23:13:47.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25941" CreationDate="2017-03-07T14:26:21.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although code-reviews seems the most obvious one. I would like to vote for test-first and pair-testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test-first:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Making sure you write a failing test first will go a long way preventing irrelevant tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One way XP’ers would keep themselves honest is to insist they write a&#xA;  failing unit test (demonstrating the need for complexity) BEFORE&#xA;  adding the extra complexity to the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for adding unneeded tests. Demonstrate the need for writing an extra test. I also tend to write one or two end-2-end and or integration tests before starting on new code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pair-testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could always practise pair-testing. Let a developer and a tester gang-up and test some! :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/testfirst.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/testfirst.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2016/09/22/pair-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lisacrispin.com/2016/09/22/pair-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-07T14:39:24.383" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T14:39:24.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2017-03-07T14:52:50.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The set of special characters is limited and mostly about a few key characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you could do something like this (in ruby):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;special_chrs = &quot;?&amp;lt;&amp;gt;',?[]}{=-)(*&amp;amp;^%$#`~{}&quot;&#xA;regex = /[#{special_chrs.gsub(/./){|char| &quot;\\#{char}&quot;}}]/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then use the regex to test if a given string contains a special character:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if the_string_being_tested =~ regex&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T14:52:50.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22898" CreationDate="2017-03-07T17:16:35.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We typically call this type of testing (or technique) equivalence class or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_partitioning&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;equivalence class partitioning&lt;/a&gt;. In a nutshell equivalence class partitioning means certain groups of input or stored data are treated the same by the program. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can break these equivalent values into groups and select a few from each group to test with. Each test is powerful in that it might reveal a failure for the whole group and because of this we only need to run a few tests to prove a failure is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example some applications might treat special characters the same regardless of if they are @, !, #, $, etc. You need to figure out how your application treats these things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your Problem:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to apply this to your problem of a '&lt;em&gt;name without special characters&lt;/em&gt;' you need to do some research. I'm assuming this is an application with a name input field, correct? Ask yourself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What data type is the input field? Is it a string, text, or other type field? Data Types typically have common failure points.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there validation used on the input field? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where is this name field stored? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where is this name field used elsewhere in the application?&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you enter a special character into an input field name and it isn't filtered out, does it break the name field used somewhere else?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you start to understand these questions you can start to ask yourself / test to understand if the application treats one special character like $ equivalent to ? or &amp;amp; or (), etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T17:16:35.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25959" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26026" CreationDate="2017-03-07T18:48:46.097" Score="1" ViewCount="2065" Body="&lt;p&gt;My page looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;tabBox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table id=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_0&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$ctl00$MainContentPlaceHolder$MainContentPlaceHolderPM$lstAndroidDeviceType$0&quot; value=&quot;10&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_0&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_1&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$ctl00$MainContentPlaceHolder$MainContentPlaceHolderPM$lstAndroidDeviceType$1&quot; value=&quot;17&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_1&quot;&amp;gt;2222222&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_2&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$ctl00$MainContentPlaceHolder$MainContentPlaceHolderPM$lstAndroidDeviceType$2&quot; value=&quot;6&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_2&quot;&amp;gt;2323&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_3&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$ctl00$MainContentPlaceHolder$MainContentPlaceHolderPM$lstAndroidDeviceType$3&quot; value=&quot;7&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_3&quot;&amp;gt;232323&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_4&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;ctl00$ctl00$MainContentPlaceHolder$MainContentPlaceHolderPM$lstAndroidDeviceType$4&quot; value=&quot;12&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;ctl00_ctl00_MainContentPlaceHolder_MainContentPlaceHolderPM_lstAndroidDeviceType_4&quot;&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;                                                &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4sfH2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4sfH2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal is to create a method that will take a String and and as a result click the corresponding checkbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void toggleDeviceType(String name) {}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;toggleDeviceType(&quot;nameOfDevice&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I select the checkboxes in this div by passing in a name via a String?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;note: whats the best way to handle multiple selection here? I don't want the user writing a test outside the framework to be creating an array and adding to it themselves, would rather take care of it in the framework itself&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="18814" LastEditDate="2017-03-07T19:09:05.493" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T12:02:53.283" Title="How can I select the checkboxes in this div correctly passing in a name via String?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22143" CreationDate="2017-03-07T21:14:22.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For status code 500's I usually look to get from information from the application and or server logs to give more than 'snippet from output window'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T21:14:22.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25959" CreationDate="2017-03-07T21:19:48.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use xquery which is xpath, but the string is formatted differently.  The specify the text to look for in that.  &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='tabBox']//input[@value='string']))&lt;/code&gt;  Depending on your control type this should allow you to pass in the 'string' part as a variable to find the specific input box you are looking for.  You can then call the &lt;code&gt;.click();&lt;/code&gt; method once you find the specific checkbox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optionally you can also read in the input control itself and then select the corresponding value.  However, your html looks more like it's a table with separate inputs for each row instead of a full control, which is why I indicated the specific input target instead of the other way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T21:19:48.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25962" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-07T21:37:28.210" Score="1" ViewCount="5915" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a heads up, this is my first post on here so if I violate any of the posting rules &lt;strong&gt;please let me know&lt;/strong&gt;! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am attempting to : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find WebElements(Hyperlinks) in a Dashboard Table to create a list of links.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Iterate through that list, clicking on the # 1 link first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once the first link is clicked, execute several clicks using &lt;code&gt;find_element_by(' ' ).click()&lt;/code&gt; that filter the data first, and then leads to a &quot;Save As&quot; button that downloads data I need. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for the file to download. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go on to the Next Page(of the # 1 link), and click &quot;Save As&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat until no more pages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go Back to Dashboard Table and Click on next Link(#2) and repeat #3-6.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Next page of Dashboard Table, and repeat #1-7. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, my question pertains more to design/approach. Should I use &lt;strong&gt;nested loops&lt;/strong&gt; to accomplish the iterations? Should I use a &lt;em&gt;class&lt;/em&gt; since I have several iterations going on that will eventually have to refer to each other? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select&#xA;from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException&#xA;from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException&#xA;import selenium.webdriver.support.ui as UI&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;&#xA;import time&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Use random var for the interval between clicks&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Identify authorization credentials &quot;&#xA;baseurl = &quot;myUrl&quot;&#xA;username = &quot;myUser&quot;&#xA;password = &quot;myPass&#xA;&#xA;xpaths = {'usernameTxtBox': &quot;//*[@id='Username']&quot;,&#xA;          'passwordTxtBox': &quot;//*[@id='Pass']&quot;,&#xA;          'submitButton': &quot;//*[@id='LogIn']&quot;,&#xA;          'DashboardTableButton': &quot;//*[@id='DashboardTable&quot;&#xA;          }&#xA;mydriver = webdriver.Chrome(&#xA;    executable_path='AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36-32\\Scripts\\chromedriver.exe')&#xA;mydriver.get(baseurl)&#xA;mydriver.maximize_window()&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Write Username&quot;&#xA;mydriver.find_element_by_xpath(xpaths['usernameTxtBox']).send_keys(username)&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Clear Password TextBox&quot;&#xA;mydriver.find_element_by_xpath(xpaths['passwordTxtBox']).clear()&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Write Password&quot;&#xA;mydriver.find_element_by_xpath(xpaths['passwordTxtBox']).send_keys(password)&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Click Login Button&quot;&#xA;mydriver.find_element_by_xpath(xpaths['submitButton']).click()&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Wait to click&quot;&#xA;mydriver.implicitly_wait(4)&#xA;&#xA;&quot;Click Button that leads to Dashboard&quot;&#xA;mydriver.find_element_by_xpath(xpaths['DashboardTableButton']).click()&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&quot;It is HERE where I am conceptually stuck&quot;&#xA;&#xA;mydriver.implicitly_wait(6)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;list_of_links = mydriver.find_elements_by_tag_name('h4') # Identify all the Links in the DashboardTable (there are 10 in each page) &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;for links in enumerate(list_of_links) :&#xA;    mydriver.implicitly_wait(4)&#xA;    for link in enumerate(links):&#xA;        link.click()&#xA;&#xA;        &quot;Filter data&quot;&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;status-wrapper&quot;]/div/ul/li[3]/button').click()&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;header-bar-project-table&quot;]/dt[1]/button').click()&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;filter-modal-content&quot;]/li[1]/ul/li[2]/fieldset/h4/legend/button').click&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;search-facet-input-excludeActivities-true&quot;]').click&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;search-facet-input-activityType-E&quot;]').click&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;activityTimespan&quot;]').click&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;activityTimespan&quot;]/option[5]').click&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;dialog&quot;]/div/div[2]/div/p/button[1]').click&#xA;&#xA;        &quot;Save As&quot;&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;all-checkbox&quot;]').click&#xA;        mydriver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;bulk-actions-bar&quot;]/li[7]/button').click()&#xA;        mydriver.implicitly_wait(6)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;mydriver.quit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'm aware that I still have to incorporate pagination for both loops. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks and I truly appreciate any input/thoughts/ideas/suggestions!     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24476" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T22:53:24.857" Title="Iterate Clicking via nested loops? - Python and Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25962" CreationDate="2017-03-07T22:01:04.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the code snippets may not be 100% (been awhile since I've used python) but the content and intent is the same.  I recommend not doing an implicit wait, but find the last element to load on the page and wait for that...or just wait for the list you want.  I typically utilize the &lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait wait = new org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait (driver, 15)&lt;/code&gt; where the 15 is seconds before it's a timeout.  pull your list of elements.  you can paginate after you get a list and then repeat to the end.  Optionally you can also pull the full html and query it directly to get the list of nodes you want to utilize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pull the elements using xquery with the &lt;code&gt;//a&lt;/code&gt;  you said they were all hyperlinks.  I'm guessing that they all have a similar class, if so you can use that &lt;code&gt;driver.findelements(By.xpath('//a[@class='hyperlinkclassname']))&lt;/code&gt;  This will return a list of webelements that can be parsed like any other list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point I would call a sub-test in the form of a class with methods or just the methods that has what you want to do on each page.  Based on your description each hyperlink loads a page with similar controls on it.  If that is so you can have the same steps and maybe pass a few parameters to the method where you are executing those steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to capture the URL of the page when you are on the dashboard table and then just re-navigate to that page.  Or if you have breadcrumbs you can do that for navigation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your &quot;repeat 1-7&quot; looks like another level of abstraction.  Start at the bottom level and build each layer and then nest those in classes with methods that are called as you loop each parent layer.  Your test just calls the top most parent layer and then the rest is done in the other layers of abstraction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have some additional issues please put some html structure up for how your site actually is rendered.  Currently you just have your code which we can't see the structure of the site itself on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T22:01:04.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25941" CreationDate="2017-03-07T23:08:24.223" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I didn't see this one, so I wanted to add it &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Management Issue&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having someone who willingly left without ever doing real work is a management issue.  They should have been fired by management for not doing their job.  Management should eliminate silos and enforce bad practices as well while creating an environment for success which would prevent this situation in the first place.  As almost every answer mentioned code reviews and accountability should be a natural part of any team (and employment), but management and team leads should set that up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case I'd say the manager needs to be hstrong texteld responsible for wasting budget and not automating successfully.  My guess is that a manager in this position blames the automation team for bad work instead of taking responsibility for their own job and role in the process.  They likely don't understand what it takes to actually do it either.  I would seriously question the competency of a manager who keeps an employee who does nothing and doesn't even know about it.  I'd also wonder about a manager who hires someone who clearly isn't honest and doesn't help the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a technical answer go with the &lt;strong&gt;Code Review&lt;/strong&gt; up top by Kate Paulk, but the underlying issue here is incompetent management/leadership.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T23:08:24.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23284" CreationDate="2017-03-07T23:35:10.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The link from Yu Zhang in the comments has some good things in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the goal here, usually caching is for performance improvement.  If that is the goal then I would think performance testing to be more appropriate than cache testing.  If there is a unique situation involving specific cached values then you can utilize anything to read the values and ensure they remain the same.  Most browsers have dev tools/firebug/etc... to manually inspect elements as well as measure load times.  Selenium can pull the html to verify specific values.  There are also client side perf tools like dynatrace, etc... which can do more in depth perf tests on the cached pages to see if they improve in speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is your goal performance related or value specific?  You can also manually inject some Javascript calls to interact on the page and ensure certain methods don't go back to the server, but execute locally within cached values.  It really depends on the goal though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-07T23:35:10.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23284" CreationDate="2017-03-07T23:58:36.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of different types of caching, mostly broadly, server side and client side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Client Side.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can look at the http header which has a wealth of information about any caching that the browser is doing.  The original http request for any given page will have this information so that subsequent requests can decide if they can/should use it based on the parameters give.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Server Side.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a bit trickier.  You'll really need server-side access to be able to work with server side caching so you can change things and then test if the changes are shown, cached, etc.  It can also be done at many levels such as object caching, page caching, request caching, database caching, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot more detailed info at &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/optimizing-content-efficiency/http-caching&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/optimizing-content-efficiency/http-caching&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Excert:&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;The good news is that every browser ships with an implementation of an HTTP cache. All you need to do is ensure that each server response provides the correct HTTP header directives to instruct the browser on when and for how long the browser can cache the response.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Each resource can define its caching policy via the Cache-Control HTTP header.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Cache-Control directives control who can cache the response, under what conditions &amp;amp; how long.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI When you want to force a new version of an asset(file) to be used that is frequently done through unique filenames, frequently using a fingerprint from the file contents and using that fingerprint in the filename.  This gets around the client side held cache because a &lt;em&gt;differently named&lt;/em&gt; file does not exist by that name in the cache and so is not used from cache and is fetched from the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T00:09:32.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25038" CreationDate="2017-03-08T00:35:46.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably unrelated to your problem since that seems environment related and the actual binary and the dependencies used by the driver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, many people may land on this question about characters getting mangled using send keys (like yours did).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have found is that some websites use Javascript to format text input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example a date field may automatically add &quot;/&quot; forward slash when you have typed the month.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So sendKeys(&quot;02/25/2017&quot;) ends up being &quot;02//2/5/2017&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this case, take that into account, and now I send&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;sendKeys(&quot;02252017&quot;) ends up being &quot;02/25/2017&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24479" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T00:35:46.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24172" CreationDate="2017-03-08T06:02:55.187" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When there are multiple instances and &lt;strong&gt;there is no other way to distinguish them*&lt;/strong&gt; you can refer to the instance index, i.e. 'which one'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;CSS&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a.instanceLink:nth-child(1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a.instanceLink:nth-child(2)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;XPath&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: 0 based index&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a[@class='instanceLink'][0]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a[@class='instanceLink'][1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see these in chrome tools, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;css   - $('a.instanceLink:nth-child(1)')&#xA;xpath - $$('a[@class='instanceLink]')[0]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is true for the example given.  However this now creates a new problem.  You now have &lt;strong&gt;locators that are tied to the layout of the page&lt;/strong&gt;, i.e. that there must be two links, not one or three and the one you want is in a specific position.  The makes the test more fragile and subject to being broken by page layout or content changes in the future.  In other cases where there &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; a way to distinguish the links from other markup (but again not relying too heavily on layout).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example for a page that is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;header&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;a href='x.html' &amp;gt;link&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;footer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;a href='x.html' &amp;gt;link&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of using an index you may be better off using &lt;code&gt;.header a&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;.footer a&lt;/code&gt; as they are unique and also have semantic meaning (&quot;header&quot;) which [0] does not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:08:27.023" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:08:27.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25970" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T10:00:10.357" Score="1" ViewCount="1027" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to make a conditional sentence with if I'm a bit stuck with how to do it in Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want it to be made as follows:&#xA;For example, that once I have a coupon it will click cancel.&#xA;If there is no coupon code is put my coupon code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;| clickAndWait | link=Cancel |&#xA;| type | id=code | 123QA |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24485" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T10:11:50.103" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T10:16:49.850" Title="Selenium IDE I'm stuck with a conditional sentence if" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25970" CreationDate="2017-03-08T10:16:49.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11275354/using-if-else-in-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;this SO answer&lt;/a&gt; you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/flow-control/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Flow Control plugin&lt;/a&gt; listed on &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the official Selenium IDE download page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would not use the Selenium IDE for complex website interactions, just as a proof of concept. Implementing Selenium with a programming language is much more flexible for complex cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GotoIf: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10498966/how-can-i-organize-if-else-in-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10498966/how-can-i-organize-if-else-in-selenium-ide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T10:16:49.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25973" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T11:51:24.160" Score="1" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using this command for executing from CLI - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;aws devicefarm schedule-run --project-arn &quot;project-arm value&quot; --app-arn &quot;app-arm value&quot; --device-pool-arn &quot;device-pool-arm value&quot; --name &quot;Automated_script&quot; --test '{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;APPIUM_JAVA_TESTNG&quot;,&quot;testPackageArn&quot;:&quot;testPackageArn value&quot;}`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But getting this error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;An error occurred (ArgumentException) when calling the ScheduleRun operation: Missing or unprocessed resources.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me in solving this? Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24487" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T12:11:32.620" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T12:11:32.620" Title="I am getting an issue while scheduling a run in AWS Device Farm from CLI" Tags="&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-06-08T18:29:19.720" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25974" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T12:16:36.733" Score="1" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to testing, and I am trying to understand the basics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have some questions listed below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are Selenium and TestNG the same?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If they are different than how?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are Selenium, Webdriver, and TestNG, and why are they used? I don't understand the difference between these tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24488" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T12:21:50.610" LastActivityDate="2020-02-05T11:45:55.037" Title="TestNG vs Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25974" CreationDate="2017-03-08T12:29:36.853" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, talk a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8340/difference-between-selenium-and-testng?rq=1&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;. The answers cover the difference between Selenium and TestNG fairly well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very basic explanation for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium&lt;/strong&gt; is an API (application programming interface) to interact with web pages. It defines objects and methods to interact with different browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Webdriver&lt;/strong&gt; or Selenium Webdriver is one of the two main flavors of Selenium (the other is the Selenium IDE, which is no longer in development). Webdriver is exactly what it says: a way to drive web applications/web pages using the Selenium objects and methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestNG&lt;/strong&gt; is one of the many testing frameworks that &lt;em&gt;use&lt;/em&gt; Selenium Webdriver and add wrappers and reporting. Which framework you choose depends on your language preferences and how well the framework supports the application/web site you are testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T12:29:36.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25976" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T13:19:49.490" Score="2" ViewCount="8544" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dckR4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dckR4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I want to get the data from disabled field. Here is the HTML:&#xA;This field is a drop down and i want to identify selected data from the that field. &#xA;for e.g. field name is Exchange and selected data is &quot;ABC&quot;. &#xA;My question is how to identify the selected data from disabled field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;&quot;select class=&quot;form-control input-sm mandatory ng-untouched ng-pristine&quot;name=&quot;Exchange&quot; id=&quot;topupExchange0&quot; disabled=&quot;&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;Select &amp;lt;&quot;/option&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;        &amp;lt;!--template bindings={}--&amp;gt;  &#xA;        &amp;lt;&quot;option value=&quot;ABC&quot;&amp;gt; ABC&amp;lt;&quot;/option&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;        &amp;lt;&quot;option value=&quot;CDE&quot;&amp;gt; CDE&amp;lt;&quot;/option&quot;&amp;gt;  &#xA;    &amp;lt;&quot;/select&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I identify the disabled field?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24182" LastEditorUserId="24182" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T10:36:57.497" LastActivityDate="2019-08-06T04:30:21.997" Title="Selenium - How identify disabled field" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T13:26:00.963" Score="2" ViewCount="1458" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using webdriver JS, which runs on Node js. I just pulled an all-nighter (9 hours) trying all sorts of things to automate a paypal express checkout flow &lt;em&gt;reliably&lt;/em&gt; (no flakyness). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this, I use the paypal sandbox and literally run a test that automates a purchases and then interacts with the paypal popup window. This requires switching windows, and then once in the window I have to switch into an iframe the login form is nested in, then switch out of that iframe and then switch back to the main window. The entire time I have to wait for various preloaders and the wait times vary wildly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This step of the test fails constantly, sometimes it seems that selenium can't reliably handle the window + iframe switching reliably - and then sometimes its the paypal sandbox which throws random errors. And then sometimes it just works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone else worked with automating the paypal sandbox ui and? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17137" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T00:28:38.190" Title="Is paypal sandbox too flakey for Selenium Webdriver automation?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24172" CreationDate="2017-03-08T16:04:43.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You target a specific one by using a more specific selector. In this case, you should be able to use an elegant little CSS selector like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a.instanceLink[href*=&quot;747328&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach of using a very specific selector also helps your test be more robust: when additional links are added before or after the one you're trying to select, the selector won't suddenly resolve to a different link, it still finds exactly the same one. This helps your test code remain maintainable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T16:04:43.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25981" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T17:34:29.297" Score="3" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have a flow chart diagram (say A to E where many have bidirectional paths) and I am supposed to design test cases covering 100% of possible paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I traverse the diagram and goes like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ABCDE&#xA;ABCBDE&#xA;ABCBDCE&#xA;ABCDCBCDE etc.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I looked at state transition but that is not the same because it only deals with transition between two states, while I need to ensure all paths are covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="2740" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T17:51:44.903" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T23:28:46.403" Title="What is this test design technique called?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25982" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T18:12:07.507" Score="2" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help me out how to implement the following scenario using Jmeter, in this scenario N number of users should be able to log in at once and implement the same scenario at the same time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already tried using recording option but it is not updating in the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To some HTTP requests, it is showing SSO issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps to reproduce:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login to the web application. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A landing page is displayed. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Two options displayed. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selecting one option, which will redirect to the specific landing page. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From home page, we will search for the products. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selecting one product and it redirects to the customization page. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the customization page, we are inputting the values, updating the changes to the order. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finally completing the order with update changes in it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the customize order will ask us to move into the cart or it will ask us to submit for approval.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21436" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T07:41:49.190" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T13:02:08.570" Title="How to implement the following scenario using Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;blazemeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25981" CreationDate="2017-03-08T18:27:46.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like Path Testing. Here's the description of Path Testing from &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A path includes all of the steps that you took or all of the statements that the program passed through in order to get to your current state. Path testing involves many paths through the program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you diagram the paths, they can end up looking just like A -&gt; B -&gt; C -&gt; D, etc. Here's a &lt;a href=&quot;https://ifs.host.cs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Books/SE9/Web/Testing/PathTest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;flowchart example&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's another variation of path testing called control flow graph(ing) which seems to be the graphical representation of paths. &lt;a href=&quot;http://Control_flow_graph&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; has some interesting information on it as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these are &lt;strong&gt;coverage based test techniques&lt;/strong&gt; which is about how much you test. In principle, coverage-based techniques direct you to run every test of a given type. In practice, you probably won't but you might measure your coverage of that type of testing. (Also from Lessons Learned)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T23:28:46.403" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T23:28:46.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26033" CreationDate="2017-03-08T18:35:00.113" Score="1" ViewCount="8271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to execute a testng.XML file through the command prompt which I will use later in Jenkins with the batch file. &#xA;Executed XML file gives me the following exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Users\Vinay\workspace_n\TestNGdemo&amp;gt;java org.testng.TestNG testng.xml&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: bsh/EvalError&#xA;        at org.testng.TestRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestRunner.java:99)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunner$DefaultTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(SuiteRu&#xA;nner.java:508)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunner.init(SuiteRunner.java:142)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(SuiteRunner.java:106)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunner(TestNG.java:1116)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunners(TestNG.java:1103)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:955)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:900)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.privateMain(TestNG.java:1182)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.main(TestNG.java:1146)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: bsh.EvalError&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:372)&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)&#xA;        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)&#xA;        at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:360)&#xA;        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)&#xA;        at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)&#xA;        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)&#xA;        ... 10 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used following two commands to Set class path and then run the XML file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Users\Vinay\workspace_n\TestNGdemo&amp;gt;set classpath=C:\Users\Vinay\worksp&#xA;estNGdemo\bin;C:\Users\Vinay\workspace_n\TestNGdemo\lib\*;&#xA;&#xA;C:\Users\Vinay\workspace_n\TestNGdemo&amp;gt;java org.testng.TestNG testng.xml&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already have &lt;code&gt;testng-6.8.5.jars&lt;/code&gt; in my lib folder.&#xA;Same &lt;code&gt;testNG.xml&lt;/code&gt; works fine when executed in eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help to resolve this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17212" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T10:55:44.047" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T10:55:44.047" Title="Showing NoClassDefFoundError after executing testng.xml file through command prompt" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25985" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-08T20:05:23.507" Score="2" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used Selenium/Cucumber in the past for automated testing and it works great. My new company is using CitraTest (which I have not seen yet).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anything CitraTest does that Selenium/Cucumber does not do or anything Selenium/Cucumber does which CitraTest can't do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24495" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-08T20:19:45.780" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T19:15:15.240" Title="CitraTest vs Selenium/Cucumber" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25981" CreationDate="2017-03-08T21:05:12.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there's a formal name for what is basic testing different scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd probably consider unit testing of the algorithm that is choosing the paths to make sure correct paths are chosen for a given input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would choose some of what I tend to call workflows and create user acceptance testing for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing frequently involve using test examples and does not need to test every permutation.  You may find it helpful to look at what expectations will be different for the different permutations, these can help drive you to select good representative test examples.  Testing a lot of permutations call also require stubbing and mocking external resource as test run time starts to become a bigger factor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-08T21:05:12.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17253" CreationDate="2017-03-09T00:07:14.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That particular phone doesn't support that languages you want? Hacking your code or hacking you device undermine your attempts to simulate a realistic situation. Perhaps you can install a vanilla android OS on the phone that does have these languages. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise, buy another phone or use an emulator, either for free on your pc, or maybe even use an emulation service like browserstack. If it can't be done on the free emulator, yet there isnt budget for the other two options, the test probably isn't worth doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T00:07:14.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25988" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T00:08:19.223" Score="3" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on creating automated test cases for a WPF application using CodedUI. This application contains multiple modules like M1, M2, M3 etc. and I can open these modules from the menu item links. Now, if I click on M1 link 3 times, it opens the M1 screen in 3 different tabs like M1.1, M1.2, M1.3 (which is a requirement) and the issue starts from here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a button like &amp;quot;Create new record&amp;quot; on M1 screen, then CodedUI fails to click on this button if more than 1 tab of the same screen exists i.e. it is there on M1.1, M1.2 and M1.3. As per my understanding, CodedUI is looking for that button in M1.1 and if the focus is on M1.3 then it fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A possible solution which I can think of are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Close all tabs (except one) of the same screen i.e. Close M1.2 and M1.3 and then start execution of further steps on M1.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Set my focus to the first tab e.g. Find M1.1 and set focus to it, and then execute further steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But these are kind of adding extra/unwanted steps to my test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that possible that CodedUI clicks on the first visible button which is there on the tab being displayed, instead of trying to click on the very first button which might be there on a tab that is currently not in focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:33:42.220" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:33:42.220" Title="Issue with multiple tabs on WPF application using CodedUI" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25989" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T03:39:48.337" Score="1" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never had to test an application that had frames. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When does it make sense to divide a window into frames?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How do I refer to (target) objects within a frame?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T01:22:54.003" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T05:04:11.900" Title="Frames in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25990" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T04:24:31.310" Score="5" ViewCount="69575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just encountered a question about handling hidden elements in Selenium. I don't understand how they should be handled. I'm also confused about why hidden elements would be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I handle hidden elements in Selenium? I'm particularly concerned with handling hidden elements that have the same or almost the same identifiers as a visible element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Original text&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Today was the first time I was asked about hidden elements in Selenium&#xA;  and I never had to deal with them in practice. I watched a video&#xA;  tutorial on that and I now get the general idea. To follow up on that&#xA;  video I would like to ask, why hidden elements exist to begin with, is&#xA;  it flawed design? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Secondly, is it true that they can pose a challenge only if there is&#xA;  an identical visible element present and even in this case you don't&#xA;  have to resort to identifying non-hidden elements by their coordinates&#xA;  not being equal to 0, you just need to carefully inspect it because&#xA;  hidden elements are unlikely to have all identifiers identical to&#xA;  another visible element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T12:28:46.347" LastActivityDate="2020-01-29T12:47:00.820" Title="Handling hidden elements in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25976" CreationDate="2017-03-09T05:56:26.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As per new Edit of question please follow below steps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check first there is &lt;strong&gt;any &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt; or not&lt;/strong&gt;. (I am believing there is an &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt;).So switch to it and get element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement iframeElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;IF1&quot;));&#xA;//now use the switch command&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(iframeElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/handling-iframes-using-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Refer this link&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your script requirements are based on the &lt;strong&gt;disabled element&lt;/strong&gt;, So write below line to find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; lstOpt =  driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//option[@disabled=&quot;disabled&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(lstOpt);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Extra notes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First &lt;strong&gt;get list of select&lt;/strong&gt; which have &lt;code&gt;disabled&lt;/code&gt; option in attribute. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; lstEle =  driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='topupExchange0']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then &lt;strong&gt;check the condition&lt;/strong&gt; like follow : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(lstEle.size()&amp;gt;0)&#xA;{&#xA; System.out.println(&quot;Disable list is found.&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now you can use as per your requirements like &lt;strong&gt;Get options, Print options, ignore it, stop execution etc.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example of get options :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; lstOpt =  driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='topupExchange0']/option&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(lstOpt);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note : Answer is in Java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know If any query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T11:03:31.263" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T11:03:31.263" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25992" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T06:20:00.830" Score="1" ViewCount="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is the code snippet : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**&amp;lt;input class=&quot;el-input__inner&quot; autofocus=&quot;autofocus&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; placeholder=&quot;Identifying Type&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot;&amp;gt;**&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I identify the placeholder element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24502" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T06:27:51.620" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T07:10:09.587" Title="How to identify element in the following code for selenium testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-03-09T09:35:18.750" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25992" CreationDate="2017-03-09T07:10:09.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;getAttribute()&lt;/code&gt; method to find the placeholder of an element like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String placeholderValue = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;el-input__inner&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;placeholder&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T07:10:09.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25994" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T07:20:38.703" Score="2" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;My manager is asking me to work with &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/paypal/SeLion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeLion&lt;/a&gt; framework. Which is developed top of selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone here worked on selion, please share your feedback and documents to learn SeLion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="9337" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T12:46:02.133" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T12:07:48.970" Title="SeLion Framework in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-09T13:48:41.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24745" CreationDate="2017-03-09T08:20:17.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will need to convert one of the sides to other, this should be relative simple to code. If you need help ask the developers of one of the system to assist you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is some example code to change a JSON to another type of JSON: &lt;a href=&quot;https://codereview.stackexchange.com/questions/14429/convert-json-to-a-different-format-nested-json&quot;&gt;https://codereview.stackexchange.com/questions/14429/convert-json-to-a-different-format-nested-json&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:09.070" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T08:20:17.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="25997" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T10:14:09.610" Score="16" ViewCount="4899" Body="&lt;p&gt;(Sorry it's a long question)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked with several companies where QA Team is treated as part of the development team, and the QA team is involved in most of the activities within the development process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But now I am working at a company where they separate QA's effort and they consider QA not a part of the development team. Since then I have had some debates with Project Coordinator who is running project management and whose idea that QA should be estimated separately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details are: Development Team (BE, FE, UI, PO) usually have a meeting to discuss the process and tickets in which QA is not invited. QA is only invited to Sprint Planning for each sprint, but not invited to the overview meeting or process of the project. Sometimes I saw the whole team in a meeting, after that I asked PO why QA was not invited and the PO said the team discussed about tickets and processes which were not really relevant for QA! They were discussing the project and QA was not relevant! I was speechless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And what drives me crazy is that, in the Planning meeting, only BE and FE are allowed to estimate and track work in JIRA. And after planning, they ask the QA's effort separately and write this effort estimation in a ticket as a comment !!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have discussed with the Project Coordinator a lot of times, but she said it's complicated to handle if QA also tracks estimation and work's hours in JIRA!. I also gathered the feedback of QA team and discussed with CTO and CTO also agreed that there is something wrong with project management and we should discuss with the Project Coordinator. But when we had a meeting, this Project Coordinator convinced the CTO that what she's doing is right! And then, nothing changed or improved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am losing my interest when the QA Team effort is not appreciated. Can some experts give me some idea or suggestion on this topic, which is right, and which is wrong? Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14900" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:38:01.263" LastActivityDate="2020-03-21T20:41:59.377" Title="Separate QA v.s. Scrum Team Member - How should QA be involved?" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25997" CreationDate="2017-03-09T10:50:11.133" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As your question is tagged Scrum I will try to answer it within that context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It starts with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#artifact-transparency-done&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Scrum's &lt;strong&gt;Definition of Done&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When a Product Backlog item or an Increment is described as “Done”,&#xA;  everyone must understand what “Done” means. Although this varies&#xA;  significantly per Scrum Team, members must have a shared understanding&#xA;  of what it means for work to be complete, to ensure transparency. This&#xA;  is the definition of “Done” for the Scrum Team and is used to &lt;strong&gt;assess&#xA;  when work is complete&lt;/strong&gt; on the product Increment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would expect work to be complete when it is also tested. Thus this means the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#team-dev&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;development team&lt;/a&gt; should have finished testing before it is done. So either QA is part of the development team, or the developers do the testing. Pick one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Scrum recognizes no sub-teams in the Development Team, regardless of&#xA;  particular domains that need to be addressed like testing or business&#xA;  analysis; there are &lt;strong&gt;no exceptions to this rule&lt;/strong&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concluding that testing should be part of the estimations, so if QA does the testing, they should be part of the planning. Now I understand this could skew your velocity statistics, but if you estimate in relative complexity (story-points) this should not differ too much. Also wonder if these statistics are really valuable, certainly if it is an in-house development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;During each Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team plans ways to&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;increase product quality&lt;/strong&gt; by adapting the definition of “Done” as&#xA;  appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully, you are consulted during the Retrospective as QA people are best to suggest improvements for quality I would think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ScrumBut:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall it sounds your company is not really doing Scrum but is doing ScrumBut. Truly Scrum companies do not have separate QA departments. Ex-Project managers as Scrum Masters are the worst! (It should be forbidden in the Scrum Guide if you ask me.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Next steps&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Join the team's daily Scrum. It should be an open meeting, just don't talk until the meeting is over. Maybe ask some key testing questions after the Dialy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would try to become the Scrum Master of the team and in parallel teach developers to become better testers. Or bring in an Agile consultant that understands the definition of done and that can convince your project coordinator to see the new light. Someone who will challenge the status-quo and hopefully implements the process better than it is now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the last resort I will quote &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/articles/xp2000.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Martin Fowler&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;If you can't change your organization, change your organization!&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do keep in mind in the end it is about the product quality. If the current process works and delivers high quality software, maybe it is good enough. Either accept the situation or keep fighting. The best fight is to keep quietly repeating your wishes to everyone, until they happen. Culture change can take up to three years, be prepared to have a long breath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:39:46.277" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:39:46.277" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="25999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25997" CreationDate="2017-03-09T10:51:25.990" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;My ex-client went through a very similar thing. When I started, QA weren't invited to walkthroughs, project meetings, sprint planning, daily stand-ups, etc., and developers were estimating the time for QA! Genuinely couldn't believe it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem was, QA (being the ultimate gatekeepers of quality) were just seen as obstacles rather than valued members of the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our initial argument was that it might take development one day to produce a fix, but it might take QA four days to test it - QA are the experts, the time required for testing shouldn't be left to anyone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we came to an agreement that we were able to join stand-ups, sprint planning and retrospectives as observers... which just meant we'd sit in the corner and not get involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The business realised they had no genuine visibility of how long it'll take project work or fixes to be delivered. They only knew how long it would take to develop. There was a learning and understanding required from development (and the Project Manager) but, slowly, they started asking QA for input and advice because we were there - in sight, in mind. We also highlighted the cost of finding defects early on (PM's tend to recognise the benefit when cost-saving is involved!) and did a presentation on the importance of raising defects, even in static testing. The developers just needed to know that raising tickets against their work wasn't personal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a few weeks, QA being involved became second nature to them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway... when I left, QA were part of the development team and invited to everything (even when we thought it was too early!) and, although our time assigned to the developer, it was definitely progress and our throughput was recognised! We were active participants in all meetings, and the development team considered our input as constructive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR:&lt;/strong&gt; Request to observe the discussions you're being left out of. Over time, you'll be involved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside (and apologies for the essay), not tracking your time separately might work in your favour because the business can't ask where your effort is going. This is dangerous for them, but not so bad for you if you fancy a relaxed day or two ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T08:57:19.543" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T08:57:19.543" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26000" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26015" CreationDate="2017-03-09T12:41:42.567" Score="4" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium 3.0 and I want to know what are the new updates in Selenium 3.0 over Selenium 2.0?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to launch my firefox driver using remotewebdriver and every time it throws an exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used Geckodriver to launch firefox driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;path of geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to resolve above issue? May I know the new updates over Selenium 3.0 &amp;amp; 2.0 for my future reference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18186" LastEditorUserId="18186" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T04:35:33.363" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T04:35:33.363" Title="Selenium 3.0: Getting exception every time while launching firefox in remotewebdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25997" CreationDate="2017-03-09T12:46:03.360" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been there. This is my experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start with&lt;/strong&gt; - Review all the documentation you're given. Chances are good something critical has been overlooked because Project Managers tend to focus only on their projects and developers tend to focus on the work they're developing. Testers are usually the ones with a broad perspective. The key thing here is that each time you encounter an oversight you track the &lt;em&gt;cost in time&lt;/em&gt; of correcting that oversight. It doesn't have to be extremely accurate, just an estimate in days.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wait for your team to derail a few projects&lt;/strong&gt; - By this I mean you've pointed out expensive oversights and forced the project to be reconsidered. At this stage of educating the rest of the business, it's a good thing if the reconsideration involved programmers having to rework their coding to fix the oversight. Once that's happened a time or two you will find them receptive to the idea that it would be much better if these gaps were found before they start coding.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Talk to the Project Management and higher management again&lt;/strong&gt; - This time you have evidence on your side: you can point out the cost and inconvenience to the company is not getting your input sooner. You should have developer support as well since I've yet to meet a developer who enjoyed having to redo half a project because of an oversight. The language upper management speaks and hears is money, and rework is wasted money.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above all &lt;strong&gt;stay polite and professional&lt;/strong&gt;. Upper management does notice who is behaving in a professional manner and who is not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:38:48.740" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:38:48.740" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26004" CreationDate="2017-03-09T17:00:25.427" Score="1" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have around 40-50 elements to check in a page using Selenium WebDriver and I am using the code below to check each element. Can someone please tell me what is the best way to do such testing if I have many elements in one page. Boolean. What I am doing now is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;isPresentquote_graph_displayed = driver.findElements(element1).size() &amp;gt; 0; &#xA;isPresentquote_graph_displayed = driver.findElements(element2).size() &amp;gt; 0; &#xA;isPresentquote_graph_displayed = driver.findElements(element3).size() &amp;gt; 0; &#xA;isPresentquote_graph_displayed = driver.findElements(element4).size() &amp;gt; 0;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like this I am writing each of the 40 to 50 elements and checking if the boolean value is true or false. I was wondering if there is any better way to do this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24355" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-11T07:20:49.720" LastActivityDate="2019-06-11T13:44:46.667" Title="What is the best way to check for element is present if i have many to check using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25990" CreationDate="2017-03-09T17:32:53.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hidden elements are hard to handle: QA script can detect its presence but not more - because user cannot interact with such element either. So presence of a hidden element can signify some status/transition is a page, like throbber/spinner signifies page is loading something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, hidden elements can contain some info relevant to a test script but not to a user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If hidden element has EXACTLY same ID as visible, &lt;strong&gt;locating such element by ID will fail&lt;/strong&gt;. Happened to me, and was quite confusing (locating element failed without any good error message, as if element was not present - but it was. There was also &lt;strong&gt;another&lt;/strong&gt; element with same ID). Page had to be fixed, removing the extra element (or renaming it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T17:32:53.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26002" CreationDate="2017-03-09T17:39:23.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would create an array with all the elements, then loop through them. This is also assuming you want to check the same value for all. If you wanted to check true for some and false for others, you'd want to assign the element and value in the array, then you can pass both into the check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T17:39:23.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26005" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-09T19:30:58.287" Score="0" ViewCount="1431" Body="&lt;p&gt;I run my test using Java, Selenium and TestNG. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I execute my test suite I have it set up where the &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; has all the configurations to run my tests. I am wondering, if I can set up some UI component that does the same thing as the xml? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am asking because I have nontechnical people in my staff and I don't want them to have to download an IDE, check out the project, etc. I want to create some UI where they can just go there and hit a button and the tests runs just like how I can right click on the &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; and hit run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24521" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T11:57:00.060" Title="Creating UI to run my tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25989" CreationDate="2017-03-09T19:50:26.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Frames are an older way of maintaining a sub-widget/page inside of a bigger page.  With html5, css3, and javascript there is no longer any need for iframes/frames even though they are still supported and some sites still utilize them.  The main goal is to split the screen into content areas and each area pulls in seperate functionality that has a different window scope based on the frame instead of the whole window.  iframes are floating vs. static locations of frames.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The underlying functionality refers to the frame like it is the window, however, the browser itself does not, but segments based on that.  So the view part of the window gets divided by the frames.  Within each frame the elements work normally with Selenium like it's a window, but from the browser level the elements get abstracted into the frames and are not as easily identifiable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As html5 and css3 handle all of the above without having to create extra constructs it obsoletes the frame/iframe idea...I personally hate frames as they disrupt the webpage in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium drives off the html view of the browser.  Since the frames fragment the view you have to get the focus into each frame and then select instead of going from the browser window level down like normal web pages.  I usually do this by mousemove by a certain amount of pixels to get in the frame, so find a parent container for the frame and move focus there and then offset and then look again for the element.  You will need to play around with the specific rendering and figure out what works best.  If you want specific help there you need to post your html code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T05:04:11.900" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T05:04:11.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26005" CreationDate="2017-03-09T20:17:15.607" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Jenkins to kick off your testng tests through an interface.  Setup your build to execute something like this as a windows batch command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;D:&amp;gt;java -cp &quot;Pathtolibfolder\lib\*;Pathtobinfolder\bin&quot; org.testng.TestNG testng.xml&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will kick off your specific testng test using the parameters you have setup in your testng.xml.  Once it is setup correctly it is very easy for non-technical people to run a build through the jenkins interface after a quick lesson.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24522" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-03-09T23:26:41.877" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T23:26:41.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25981" CreationDate="2017-03-09T20:50:25.447" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think what is being described here is &lt;em&gt;coverage testing&lt;/em&gt;, specifically the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Decision testing - a point at which a direction of a path may take. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;and/or&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Statement testing - the statements along the path influenced by any decisions. A path direction may have several statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the example below you'd have 50% decision coverage and 75% statement coverage if the condition was false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;If condition = true then&#xA;    Do Action A&#xA;Else&#xA;    Do Action B&#xA;    Do Action C&#xA;    Do Action D&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The coverage of these items are sometimes reported and it sounds like you're after 100% coverage of decisions in this case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23859" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T20:50:25.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25997" CreationDate="2017-03-09T20:55:00.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a project I worked on, the development team had a test team, that created unit tests from the requirement and spoke with the coders. However, in addition to that a QA team sat in another part of the building and had a different process. The distinction is between white box testing and black box testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine your testers are involved in the development process, they know the developers are changing the way a mouse draws a line on the screen. They come up with a test to ensure the line is the correct colour and length. However, they are focused on the change and forget the knock-on effects, for example: what about the undo stack? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is where black box testing should step in and say “There has been a change, what should I look for?”. QA should not be blinkered by the development process and should interpret requirements as they read them. That double check provides the quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the project I worked on QA actually had a lot of power, whilst they were not part of the process they could request anything they liked. Generally speaking if QA found a problem, it reflected badly on the development team for not noticing it first. Only senior managers could bypass QA for the purposes of the business needs. This feedback loop leads to developers being very thoughtful about their code and estimates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well written requirements should not leave room for ambiguity, you should get the same output from two team. This is the point of an independent QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not saying this is how your company has stuctured its processes, just that it is one reason for the approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/402161/black-box-vs-white-box-testing&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/402161/black-box-vs-white-box-testing&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/differences-between-black-box-testing-and-white-box-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/differences-between-black-box-testing-and-white-box-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24523" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T21:24:26.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25990" CreationDate="2017-03-09T20:55:03.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the hidden object has an ID that is the same as another element, you can use an xpath to find the specific hidden element. Using chrome developer tools and inspect element a lot of the times a hidden object has this attribute &lt;code&gt;type=&quot;hidden&quot;&lt;/code&gt; if that is the case you can do something like this for a locator object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By hiddenObj = By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='idOfYourHiddenElement' and @type='hidden']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would get your locator even if the id &lt;code&gt;idOfYourHiddenElement&lt;/code&gt; is used by some other non-hidden element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the hidden object does not have that hidden attribute you can use the Chrome Developer tools &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to &lt;code&gt;Chrome Menu -&amp;gt; More Tools -&amp;gt; Developer Tools&lt;/code&gt; and click the &lt;code&gt;Console&lt;/code&gt; tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type this into the console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;//*[@id='idOfYourHiddenElement']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as chrome is using the right frame, it should find both of your objects.  An easy way to find a difference between the two is open up each element and copy paste all attributes into something like notepad++ to auto compare them.  Once you find what the difference is you should use that as the second part of your xpath instead of &lt;code&gt;type='hidden'&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24522" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T07:41:55.723" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T07:41:55.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25997" CreationDate="2017-03-09T21:49:07.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The biggest issue is &lt;strong&gt;people perception&lt;/strong&gt; and that is what needs to be changed.  There are a few hurdles that need to be overcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hubris among development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Value of QA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Teamwork&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are not so much logical stances, but usually one of personal worth and personal biases.  I have worked in all sections of the scrum team in multiple project/companies.  Developers tend to be more like an artist creating things that others only wish they could create.  That makes the QA the enemy so long as that perspective is maintained.  It also is anti-teamwork and often one's self-worth gets involved in the job.  The PO can't do what developers do so they rely principally on them for all input to ensure the product is finished correctly which is anti-teamwork as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal is to prove the QA value to the developer as a counterpart.  With that in place, the rest takes care of itself.  I have done this in multiple ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every defect is a negative hit against the developer who wrote the code. (This sounds hostile, but when you volunteer to be involved earlier in the process to avoid possible defects the developer now views you as a friend instead of the enemy...if they refuse hit them hard during the testing process and they usually won't hold that stance for long - requires management enforcement of negative hits).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer satisfaction gets decreased directly due to the exposure of bugs that management decided not to fix. (This will work, but also has the biggest potential of fallout coming back on individual heads...even though eventually management will have to own it due to financial lashback and work to fix the quality issues in the product)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be the most annoying involved person possible by visiting developers multiple times every day at their desks to ask very &quot;specific&quot; questions about the upcoming functionality and how it's planned/designed (half the time you will be included just to make you stop pestering people, and then you have a chance to show your value - if Scrum master steps in and says stop, just change to going to the SM to explain everything to you...someone will eventually include you - get all of QA to do this and not just you)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better: Convince people as you have tried so hard to do...unfortunately people often need to &quot;experience&quot; the value of QA in order to be able to understand it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Best: Specifically craft an experiential approach for each individual to see from your perspective and to see the value you bring to their work.  This is challenging, but it will help you with people skills overall as well as to better articulate your worth in the team process.  You will also help reshape the whole team 1 person at a time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember, if it was logic it would be working already, you are dealing with people issues now and not logic.  This isn't about manipulation, but influence.  Find a way to help someone see the benefit to their own job and work by including you.  This will likely require you to learn about their job more as well as trying to befriend them.  If you speak developer speak it tends to go farther in getting heard and included.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2020-03-21T20:41:59.377" LastActivityDate="2020-03-21T20:41:59.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26005" CreationDate="2017-03-09T22:15:54.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can always build a custom site that ties into the test code behind the scenes.  Yes this requires programming knowledge, but it puts a gui on the front end that makes it easy for your team to utilize.  I designed and help build one for a company I worked for.  If you don't want to build your own, you are pretty much limited to the IDE gui or other tools that already handle selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can abstract the tests and still utilize the unit test framework to kick off tests and test suites.  That may make it easier for your team to utilize without having to develop a custom site.  You basically make test suites that call tests from within the test and keep the other things under the hood in other classes.  Essentially that hides alot of the complex stuff from the user via encapsulation and then they only have to focus on certain parts that are more user friendly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, find another product that does what you want an imports Selenium tests...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-09T22:15:54.880" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26013" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26014" CreationDate="2017-03-10T03:50:22.907" Score="3" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using test Complete to build automated GUI tests. Whenever developers put in a fix, my tests break. They keep changing web elements IDs and / or attributes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this is a broad question, but is it possible to stop test cases from being so fragile?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T17:43:07.397" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T18:50:31.223" Title="How to stop test cases from being fragile in TestComplete" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26013" CreationDate="2017-03-10T04:00:21.400" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to do it and I recommend you use both in a hybrid approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk to your developers, ask them to stop changing web elements if possible. testComplete is a record and play tool, like its cousin Selenium IDE, the way testComplete maps its elements is very structure-dependent, which means if there is any slight change in web element structure, testComplete will complain about it and your test cases will break. The way to keep it from happening is to keep web element structure as it is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use more JavaScript, less record and play. Instead of relying on testComplete to locate a web element, you can use JavaScript to locate a web element via css selector or xpath. You will notice css and xpath are less structure dependent, which means your tests will be more stable. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The hybrid approach is that you should talk to your developers first, telling them that they should be aware any change they make will impact your test cases. Then, refactor your test cases using JavaScript. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be a long and even painful road to maintain automated GUI test cases, so you will have to take one step at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T18:50:31.223" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T18:50:31.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26000" CreationDate="2017-03-10T06:27:02.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coming to your first question-&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;How to resolve exception while launching firefox in remotewebdriver:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First thing what I observed that- &#xA;You have to change your code in Setup; as you are using remotewebdriver on remote machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To run tests on remote machines, WebDriver has to use the instance of the RemoteWebDriver and DesiredCapabilities in order to specify browser name, version and platform to execute tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally; to run tests on our local machine, we will just specify as &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/code&gt; to run on Firefox browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To execute tests on remote machine, we need to use remotewebdriver, Check below is the code to execute your tests on remote machine with Firefox gecko driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, driverPath+&quot;geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;marionette&quot;, true);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have verified above code with &lt;strong&gt;selenium-server-standalone-3.0.0-beta2 and Firefox 48 version.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most common issue people are facing with latest versions of Firefox is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Users who are facing the above problem, Please use Marionette (geckodriver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if you have any issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you asked 2nd question- &lt;strong&gt;Updates in Selenium 3.0 over 2.0:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The important changes in Selenium 3.0 are:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first one is launching firefox using the Geckodriver. When using Selenium 3 , you have to download geckodriver which its not required in 2.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium 3.0 will supports for Firefox Version after 47 only.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimum java version is now 8+&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The original RC APIs are only available via the leg-rc package.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To run exported IDE tests, ensure that the leg-rc package is on the classpath.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support for Firefox is via Mozilla's geckodriver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support for Edge is provided by MS:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Official support for IE requires version 9 or above&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New html-table runner backed by WebDriver.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unused command line arguments are now no longer parsed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T05:38:21.663" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T05:38:21.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26016" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26029" CreationDate="2017-03-10T07:09:45.703" Score="0" ViewCount="3892" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate a form where there is a checkbox for all days, and a checkbox for each day. The test cases are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At least one of the Days checkboxes must be checked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If All is checked, no other checkbox can be checked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If any individual day (Sunday, Monday, Tuesday etc.) is checked, All must be unchecked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I get values from the check boxes, and how do I set them?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code, I wrote for testing has priority numbers are three. First default testng for open login page. After login go to category module then enter name for each field and then submit and here I want to test the check boxes .I wrote the next testng priority 3 for testing the check boxes and I run my code .Here not testing the priority no. 3 .till testing priority 1 and 2 and then finish.What should I do ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class subcategoryTest extends DriverManager {&#xA;    subcategorysteps log;&#xA;    int inputDataFlag = 0;&#xA;&#xA;    public subcategoryTest() throws IOException {&#xA;        log = new subcategorysteps();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeSuite&#xA;    public void initDriver() throws IOException {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        HomePage page = new LoginSteps().Login(prop.getProperty(&quot;nam&quot;), prop.getProperty(&quot;pas&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;setData&quot;)&#xA;    public void init(String nam, String nam_loc, String cat, String cli, String pre, String ts, String te, String tavg) {&#xA;&#xA;        log.Login(nam, nam_loc, cat, cli, pre, ts, te, tavg);&#xA;        Assert.assertFalse(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;List Subcategory&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;   @Test(priority = 1, dataProvider = &quot;setData&quot;)&#xA;    public void ini(String nam, String nam_loc, String cat, String cli, String pre, String ts, String te, String tavg) {&#xA;        log.Login(nam, nam_loc, cat, cli, pre, ts, te, tavg);&#xA;        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;List Subcategory&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @DataProvider&#xA;    Object[][] setData() {&#xA;&#xA;        Object[][] dataValues = getValues();&#xA;        return dataValues;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(priority = 2, dataProvider = &quot;getData&quot;)&#xA;    public void days() {&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(&quot;List Subcategory&quot;));&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @DataProvider&#xA;    Object[][] getData() throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;        Object[][] dataValues = setValues();&#xA;        return dataValues;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;private Object[][] setValues() throws InterruptedException {&#xA;    Thread.sleep(100000);&#xA;//    if (!driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;days&quot;)).isSelected()) {&#xA;//        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;days&quot;)).click();&#xA;//    }&#xA;//    return new Object[0][];&#xA;&#xA;    // Find the checkbox or radio button element by its name.&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;days&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    // Get the number of checkboxes available.&#xA;    int count = list.size();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;no .of boxes  :&quot; +count);&#xA;    // Now, iterate the loop from first checkbox to last checkbox.&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; count; i++) {&#xA;&#xA;        // Store the checkbox name to the string variable, using 'Value'&#xA;        // attribute&#xA;        String sValue = list.get(i).getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        // Select the checkbox if its value is the same that you want.&#xA;        if (sValue.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;Sunday&quot;)) {&#xA;&#xA;            list.get(i).click();&#xA;&#xA;            // This statement will get you out of the for loop.&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    return new Object[0][];&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T06:40:31.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T06:40:31.243" Title="How do I handle multiple checkboxes with Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26018" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-10T09:27:08.370" Score="1" ViewCount="21686" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just setup Robot Framework yesterday. I went to youtube to see some videos on how to set up and I found one that was just uploaded last month. I follow all the steps and I numbered it below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installed Python 2.27 and added it on Environmental Variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installed RobotFramework (3.0.2) using &lt;strong&gt;pip install robotframework&lt;/strong&gt; (cmd run as Administrator)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Installed Selenium 2 Library using &lt;strong&gt;pip install robotframework-selenium2library&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Downloaded the browser drivers (chromeDriver, GeckoDriver and IE Driver) and added on Environmental Variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dowloaded the &lt;a href=&quot;http://franz-see.github.io/Robotframework-Database-Library/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robotframework Database-Libary&lt;/a&gt; ZIP, then extracted the downloaded zip file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In cmd, I then key in &lt;strong&gt;python setup.py install&lt;/strong&gt; (SUCCESS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next, I installed the database APIs through &lt;strong&gt;pip install py mssql&lt;/strong&gt; (SUCCESS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NOW, I downloaded PyCharm Community 2016.3 Installed &lt;strong&gt;IntelliBot&lt;/strong&gt; plugin on PyCharm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created a project &lt;strong&gt;FirstProject&lt;/strong&gt;. Under it I created a directory &lt;strong&gt;testsuite&lt;/strong&gt;. In testsuite, I created my &lt;strong&gt;testcase1.robot&lt;/strong&gt; and copy pasted some sample robot framework test on the editor and run it using command pybot testcase1.robot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I encountered an error saying &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;[ERROR] Parsing 'testcase1.robot' failed: Data source does not exist.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my code. It'll simply open facebook website through Chrome browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;========================================================================&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;&#xA;Documentation This is my first robot framework test script&#xA;&#xA;Library Selenium2Library&#xA;&#xA;*** Variables ***&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;&#xA;open browser  http://www.facebook.com  chrome&#xA;&#xA;close browser&#xA;&#xA;*** Keywords ***&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;======================================================================= Regardless of my code, did I miss something on my configuration? If not, what's wrong with the code? If fixed, will that make my test run? Any feedback is well appreciated. Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-07T14:18:24.903" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T14:18:24.903" Title="ROBOT FRAMEWORK: [Error] Parsing ___.robot failed: Data source does not exist" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26020" CreationDate="2017-03-10T09:39:43.513" Score="1" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I get the current input of a textbox on a page without saving the information, e.g if i want to edit something without saving, how can I verify my input String is entered into the  textbox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N.B&lt;/strong&gt; I am not allowed to save the form in this scenario.&#xA;The problem is getText(); against the box will just return an empty string because this must be essentially the saved value, but I haven't saved yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public boolean checkTextBoxMaxLength(String Textbox, int maxLength) {&#xA;    int overMaxLength = maxLength + 1;&#xA;        char[] chars = &quot;abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz&quot;.toCharArray();&#xA;        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();&#xA;        Random random = new Random();&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; overMaxLength; i++) {&#xA;            char c = chars[random.nextInt(chars.length)];&#xA;            sb.append(c);&#xA;        }&#xA;    String output = sb.toString();&#xA;    System.out.println(output);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.id(Textbox));&#xA;    ele.clear();&#xA;&#xA;    ele = driver.findElement(By.id(Textbox));&#xA;    String maximum = ele.getAttribute(&quot;maxlength&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Element maxlenght is: &quot; +maximum);&#xA;&#xA;    ele.sendKeys(output);&#xA;    String input = ele.getText();&#xA;&#xA;    if (input.equals(output.substring(0,output.length()-1))) {  &#xA;    return true;&#xA;} else {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above scenario, input will &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; equal &quot; &quot; as nothing has been saved, is there a simple solution to get the text as it currently exists pre-save?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T09:48:24.287" Title="How can I retrive the current text in a textbox if I have not yet saved" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26019" CreationDate="2017-03-10T09:48:24.287" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its not returning an empty value because it is not saved, but because the input field does not have a text it has a value instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;code&gt;element.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also check for alternatives: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7852287/using-selenium-web-driver-to-retrieve-value-of-a-html-input&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7852287/using-selenium-web-driver-to-retrieve-value-of-a-html-input&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T09:48:24.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26021" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26042" CreationDate="2017-03-10T10:39:30.553" Score="0" ViewCount="3464" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I stop my code throwing a staleElementReferenceException occasionally, 2/5 runs I will encounter this exception running the same test method, the others it will pass as expected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public boolean checkTextBoxMaxLength(String Textbox, int maxLength) {&#xA;    int overMaxLength = maxLength + 1;&#xA;        char[] chars = &quot;abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz&quot;.toCharArray();&#xA;        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();&#xA;        Random random = new Random();&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; overMaxLength; i++) {&#xA;            char c = chars[random.nextInt(chars.length)];&#xA;            sb.append(c);&#xA;        }&#xA;    String output = sb.toString();&#xA;    System.out.println(output);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.id(Textbox));&#xA;    ele = driver.findElement(By.id(Textbox));&#xA;&#xA;    String maximum = ele.getAttribute(&quot;maxlength&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Element maxlenght is: &quot; +maximum);&#xA;&#xA;    ele.sendKeys(output);&#xA;    String input = ele.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(input);&#xA;    System.out.println(output.substring(0,output.length()-1));&#xA;&#xA;    if (input.equals(output.substring(0,output.length()-1))) {  &#xA;    return true;&#xA;} else {&#xA;    return false;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the exception occurs around my WebElement ele.  Sometimes the exception occurs at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ele = driver.findElement(By.id(Textbox));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(the reason I am reassigning ele is because if I don't the exception will occur at the line declaring WebElement ele, and sometimes it will occur here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ele.sendKeys(output);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: stale element&#xA;  reference: element is not attached to the page document&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resetting my element before the exception does not seem to help either.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ele = driver.findElement(By.id(Textbox));&#xA;    String maximum = ele.getAttribute(&quot;maxlength&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Element maxlenght is: &quot; +maximum);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My exception is still thrown here @ line 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T11:01:39.567" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T05:23:49.410" Title="How can I solve the StaleElementReferenceException occuring here inconsistently?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26023" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26645" CreationDate="2017-03-10T11:21:18.903" Score="1" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to test a migration of data from a mySQL database to a Cassandra database. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be a good approach to do that and is there any tool to make my life easier?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23509" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T09:56:39.120" Title="Compare MySQL and Cassandra?" Tags="&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26021" CreationDate="2017-03-10T11:33:54.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is really annoying exception (among others), and the more test code there is and the more dynamic the system is the more often you encounter those, making pure usage of selenium methods in your tests extremely flaky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess in Java you need to put selenium methods in your own methods for Click, GetAttribute etc, that will handle all the exceptions that those can throw.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T11:33:54.737" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26005" CreationDate="2017-03-10T11:57:00.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;consider using maven for this.  you can run maven commands from the local directory, build in something like allure reporting and you can easily have your tests running by someone non technical via a simple .bat file or whatever with a nicely presented HTML generated report by running &quot;mvn:test&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few pre-reqs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;allure reporting dependencies&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;testclass names ending in Test (fully configurable in the pom.xml)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;maven-surefire-plugin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T11:57:00.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25959" CreationDate="2017-03-10T12:02:53.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution I used in the end was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void disableMultipleDevices(String[] device) {   &#xA;    for (String s : device) {&#xA;    WebElement ElementByName = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//label[text()='&quot;+s+&quot;']/preceding-sibling::input[@type='checkbox']&quot;));&#xA;    if (ElementByName.isSelected()) {&#xA;        ElementByName.click();&#xA;    }           &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note to anybody who may come across this in future, naively I didn't even consider calling .click(); on the label element, this would of solved my problem much easier, so I would urge you to try that out first in a similar situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T12:02:53.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25944" CreationDate="2017-03-10T12:19:27.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note: the Excelhelper class is not the best. consider tweaking it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;consider using excel and returning your data in a multi dimensional array based on sheet name,  then using TestNG pass in a @Dataprovider&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.text.DateFormat;&#xA;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&#xA;&#xA;public class ExcelHelper {&#xA;&#xA;private static XSSFSheet ExcelWSheet;&#xA;private static XSSFWorkbook ExcelWBook;&#xA;private static XSSFCell Cell;&#xA;private static XSSFRow Row;&#xA;&#xA;// This method is to set the File path and to open the Excel file, Pass&#xA;// Excel Path and Sheet name as Arguments to this method&#xA;@SuppressWarnings(&quot;deprecation&quot;)&#xA;public static Object[][] getExcelData(String FilePath, String SheetName) throws Exception {&#xA;    String[][] tabArray = null;&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        // Access the required test data sheet&#xA;        FileInputStream ExcelFile = new FileInputStream(FilePath);&#xA;        ExcelWBook = new XSSFWorkbook(ExcelFile);&#xA;        ExcelWSheet = ExcelWBook.getSheet(SheetName);&#xA;&#xA;        int totalNoOfRows = ExcelWSheet.getLastRowNum();&#xA;        int totalNoOfCols = ExcelWSheet.getRow(1).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        tabArray = new String[totalNoOfRows][totalNoOfCols];&#xA;&#xA;        for (int i = 1; i &amp;lt;= totalNoOfRows; i++) {&#xA;            for (int j = 0; j &amp;lt; totalNoOfCols; j++) {&#xA;                Cell = ExcelWSheet.getRow(i).getCell(j);&#xA;&#xA;                int cel_Type = Cell.getCellType();&#xA;                switch (cel_Type) {&#xA;                case XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: // 0&#xA;                    if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(Cell)) {&#xA;                        DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;dd-MMM-yyyy&quot;);&#xA;                        tabArray[i - 1][j] = df.format(Cell.getDateCellValue());&#xA;                    } else {&#xA;                        tabArray[i - 1][j] = String.format(&quot;%d&quot;, (long) Cell.getNumericCellValue());&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    break;&#xA;&#xA;                case XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING: // 1&#xA;                    tabArray[i - 1][j] = Cell.getStringCellValue();&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Could not read the Excel sheet&quot;);&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Could not read the Excel sheet&quot;);&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;    return tabArray;&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestNG Test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(dataProvider=&quot;exampleDataProvider&quot;, groups = { &quot;XYZTest&quot; })&#xA;public void example(String caseName,String var1, String var2, String   expectedResult) {&#xA;    Assert.assertTrue(somePageObject.MethodToDoSomethingWithTestData(var1, var2).equals(expectedResult));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Method for dataprovider: (Referencing an .xlsx file in /resources)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider&#xA;  public Object[][] exampleDataProvider() throws Exception{&#xA;        Object[][] arrayObject = ExcelHelper.getExcelData(&quot;resources/TestData.xlsx&quot;, &quot;nameOfYourSheet&quot;);&#xA;        return arrayObject;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sheet in your .xlsx file as follows: (ensure sheet name matches .getExcelData() secondary paramater&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SaTUi.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SaTUi.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Example sheet, sheetname = nameOfYourSheet&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simply add a new sheet, new data provider method and populate the data according for any future data driven tests, based on my example the testNG test will execute twice for a total of 2 tests and we will be ensuring our expected results are correct in a wealth of scenarios (handled by a PageObject method which takes our paramaters and acts upon them.  Here we keep our tests simple and maintainable, if test data changes its a one place change, anybody can add new tests by simply editing a spreadsheet and as long as your methods are robust and designed with all scenarios in mind they will execute said tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="18814" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T18:28:21.917" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T18:28:21.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26016" CreationDate="2017-03-10T12:40:21.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would create a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-pairs_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;combinatorial test matrix&lt;/a&gt; for the combinations I would like to test. Test it manually and write down the steps. Then use these scripts to write an automated test for the cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Selenium API for checkboxes is the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if ( !driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;idOfTheElement&quot;)).isSelected() )&#xA;{&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;idOfTheElement&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You click to select one, you can use &lt;code&gt;isSelected()&lt;/code&gt; to see if it is checked. True is checked, false is unchecked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-10T12:48:39.637" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T12:48:39.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26016" CreationDate="2017-03-10T12:43:42.217" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty basic Selenium selector question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going by the information in the screenshot, you can get the &lt;code&gt;onload&lt;/code&gt; values of the checkboxes by retrieving the value of the hidden field with ID of &quot;days&quot;: &lt;code&gt;var daylist = driver.findElement(By.ID, &quot;days&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like the day checkboxes are identified this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkbox with value = 1 =&gt; Sunday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkbox with value = 2 =&gt; Monday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkbox with value = 3 =&gt; Tuesday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkbox with value = 4 =&gt; Wednesday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkbox with value = 5 =&gt; Thursday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkbox with value = 6 =&gt; Friday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkbox with value = 7 =&gt; Saturday&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checkbox with value = 8 =&gt; All&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether or not the checkbox is checked is determined by whether the attribute &lt;code&gt;checked&lt;/code&gt; is present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To interact, you can find by class to gather a list of the checkboxes, and iterate through as in Niels' answer, using &lt;code&gt;getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; to find the one you need if they don't have a unique id. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T12:43:42.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25949" CreationDate="2017-03-10T13:04:24.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We chose to create Object builders which translate to XML-definitions in the Stepdefinitions (a third option) and use these in the scenario's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then functionally we can define an object structure in our feature files:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given I have an object&#xA;And Object has id 123&#xA;And Object has property foo&#xA;And Object has ...&#xA;When I post this object&#xA;Then I should receive ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our stepdefinitions we translate this object to an xml structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ObjectBuilder builder = new ObjectBuilder();&#xA;builder.setId(..);&#xA;builder.setProperty(..);&#xA;builder.toXML();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24468" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T13:04:24.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18043" CreationDate="2017-03-10T13:28:49.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try to fetch the list using class parameter using CSS selector. Please try to use the below code instead of xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.cssSelector(&quot;.sa-panel.sa-gossip .sa-item&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T13:28:49.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26032" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-10T14:17:25.507" Score="0" ViewCount="931" Body="&lt;p&gt;My below present simple batch file, on double clicking triggers the simple execution of my maven testng selenium webdriver script with NO issues &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd C:\Users\xxxxxxx\Documents\SelTestsWorkspace\QATesting&#xA;mvn -e clean test postman:send-mail&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if i schedule this same batch file on windows task scheduler. Test Execution does manages to get triggered (after long struggle) but instead of firefox browser window, headless driver gets triggered (Without any change in code or properties or in any configurations).&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nkfIB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nkfIB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My simple doubt is, How is this POSSIBLE ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24076" LastEditorUserId="23406" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T13:32:29.987" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T06:18:24.650" Title="Windows task scheduler is invoking headless firefox driver instead of normal friefox driver" Tags="&lt;maven&gt;&lt;scheduling&gt;&lt;batch-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25984" CreationDate="2017-03-10T15:10:20.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You must have &lt;code&gt;bsh-2.0b4.jar&lt;/code&gt; in your lib folder too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, you should consider upgrading your TestNG version because &lt;code&gt;6.8.5&lt;/code&gt; is very old.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23406" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T15:10:20.007" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26032" CreationDate="2017-03-10T15:25:30.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you sure it is headless? The task scheduler is run as the &quot;Local System account&quot; by default on windows. Look under &quot;Services&quot; and the tasks schedulers properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running programs under the Local System Account means it is not shown on your users desktop. It has its own environment. Also wonder if this is something you want todo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can run the scheduled tasks under the logged in user: &lt;a href=&quot;https://serverfault.com/questions/777710/how-do-i-create-a-scheduled-task-that-will-run-as-the-logged-in-user&quot;&gt;https://serverfault.com/questions/777710/how-do-i-create-a-scheduled-task-that-will-run-as-the-logged-in-user&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better is to schedule tests with a build-server like &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:14:55.583" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T16:19:34.417" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26057" CreationDate="2017-03-10T16:37:54.477" Score="0" ViewCount="380" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to generate HTTP requests to open a particular window, I need to obtain the component ID which is nested as an argument in &lt;code&gt;onmousedown=&quot;Console.openView()&quot;&lt;/code&gt; - in this example &lt;code&gt;componentId= 1325&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td id=&quot;primaryTab6-primaryMenuTab1&quot; class=&quot;primaryMenuTab&quot; onmousedown=&quot;Console.openView('primaryTab6-primaryMenuTab1', 'portlet.app.tc.management', '1325', false, false, '');&quot; &#xA;                                    onmouseover=&quot;Console.hoverMenuItem(this, true);&quot; onmouseout=&quot;Console.hoverMenuItem(this, false);&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;img class=&quot;primaryMenuTabIcon&quot; src=&quot;/v/css/icons_16/Scale.png&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span id=&quot;primaryTab6-primaryMenuTab1Label&quot; class=&quot;primaryMenuTabLabel&quot;&amp;gt;Accounting&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My XPath currently looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div/table/tr/td[contains(span,'Accounting')]/onmousedown=&quot;Console.openView(@*[3])&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this only returns the with the final argument of &lt;code&gt;'false'&lt;/code&gt; - no matter what I enter for the match position, it returns the same thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've attempted to tokenize:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div/table/tr/td[contains(span,'Accounting')]/tokenize(@onmousedown=&quot;Console.openView&quot;&quot;,&quot;)[3]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However this returns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TransformerException: Unknown nodetype: tokenize&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I originally was trying to use Regular Expression extractor, but that provided it's own set of difficulties. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T07:41:52.410" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T07:41:52.410" Title="JMeter - unable to return correct argument from list in XPath extractor" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26023" CreationDate="2017-03-10T19:48:18.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is way bigger than a simple Q &amp;amp; A format.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're asking the equivalent of asking a question like &quot;I'm moving all my data from Excel to a database, what do I need to do?&quot;  In other words, this isn't a simple migration, you're completely changing the underlying datastore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll likely have to work closely with your data folks to figure out what their plan is, how they're going to juggle relationships, data types, etc, and then you can start figuring out what you'll need to do to validate . . . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-03-10T19:48:18.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14140" CreationDate="2017-03-11T01:56:56.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi You can use Selenium+jxl+TestNG framework combination and it is possible using &#xA;FileInputStream+FileOutputStream classes,like below example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Excelutility {&#xA;&#xA;    public String Testcase;&#xA;    public WritableSheet writablesh;&#xA;    public WritableWorkbook workbookcopy;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void queryParameterization() throws BiffException,IOException,RowsExceededException,WriteException, InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;FileInputStream testfile = new FileInputStream(&quot;E:\\AppiumTutorials\\Selenium_Practice\\SeleniumYoutube\\Testdata\\TestData.xls&quot;);&#xA;//Now get Workbook&#xA;Workbook wbook = Workbook.getWorkbook(testfile);&#xA;//Now get Workbook Sheet&#xA;Sheet sheets = wbook.getSheet(&quot;Query_data&quot;);&#xA;int Norows = sheets.getRows();&#xA;//Read rows and columns and save it in String Two dimensional array&#xA;String inputdata[][] = new String[sheets.getRows()][sheets.getColumns()];&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Number of rows present in TestData xls file is -&quot;+Norows);&#xA;&#xA;//For writing the data into excel we will use FileoutputStream class&#xA;FileOutputStream testoutput = new FileOutputStream(&quot;E:\\AppiumTutorials\\Selenium_Practice\\SeleniumYoutube\\Testdata\\TestData_results.xls&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;creating file one&quot;);&#xA;//To Create writable workbook&#xA;workbookcopy = Workbook.createWorkbook(testoutput);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;creating file 2&quot;);&#xA;//To Create Writable sheet in Writable workbook&#xA;writablesh = workbookcopy.createSheet(&quot;Query_data&quot;,0);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;creating file 3&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Using for loop to write all the data to new sheet&#xA;    for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;sheets.getRows();i++)&#xA;       {&#xA;        for(int k=0;k&amp;lt;sheets.getColumns();k++)&#xA;        {&#xA;         inputdata[i][k] = sheets.getCell(k, i).getContents();&#xA;         Label l = new Label(k, i, inputdata[i][k]);&#xA;         Label l2 = new Label(4,0,&quot;Results&quot;);            &#xA;         writablesh.addCell(l);&#xA;         writablesh.addCell(l2);&#xA;        }&#xA;       }            &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@AfterTest&#xA;public void writeexcels(){&#xA;    try {&#xA;        workbookcopy.write();&#xA;    } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;    try {&#xA;        workbookcopy.close();&#xA;    } catch (WriteException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }   &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call this utility into another class using extends keyword.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please read for more here &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/2KQVXl0QDNU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to write Test Case pass/fail using selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23806" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T01:56:56.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26038" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-11T02:18:17.217" Score="2" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have studied selenium exceptions, but they aren't really used in my company. I want to ask:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it true that they are sort of independent of Selenium, since they are inherited from Exception class and they are only used with Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it true that they are seldomly used because there are other ways to handle the same situation with isEnabled (), isDisplayed() and isSelected() methods?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T02:41:39.933" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T02:41:39.933" Title="Selenium Exceptions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26038" CreationDate="2017-03-11T02:37:50.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it true that they are sort of independent of Selenium, since they are inherited from Exception class and they are only used with Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, yes, exceptions are sub classes of more generic exception parent class. But they can be used anywhere not just in Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it true that they are seldom used because there are other ways to handle the same situation with isEnabled (), isDisplayed() and isSelected() methods?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not necessarily. Exceptions are written to handle unexpected (or expected, depends on how well you are prepared) conditions / results. Although Selenium provides you with an arsenal of assertion methods as you mentioned, sooner or later, you will still need to customize your own exceptions as there will be a unique situation that forces you to write your own exception. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary, I do not really know your company does not use exceptions; it is almost impossible to write well-behaved code without them. Exceptions are your friends, you will love them after you get to know them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T02:37:50.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26013" CreationDate="2017-03-11T03:31:57.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are a number of options and which ones are correct will depend on your organization, developers, opinions, experience, etc.  Some of the options (more than 1 may apply) are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use framework generated attributes.  For example Ruby on Rails uses the name attribute. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make the tests you are running available to developers to run.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use a CI build server that runs your tests when developers push their changes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Become more involved in code review so you can spot such changes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure the definition of done includes your tests passing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have QA specific tags through data attributes, possibly removed from production pages&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use robust strategies for selecting elements so you are not relying on page layout&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Avoid external tool or browser inspect element css or xpath - they include layout and are brittle&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/18714/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/18714/8992&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/9506/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/9506/8992&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/1056/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/1056/8992&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T03:40:25.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26032" CreationDate="2017-03-11T04:35:35.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/3201/niels-van-reijmersdal&quot;&gt;Niels&lt;/a&gt; noted, it might not actually be using a headless driver, it's probably just not running under your main desktop environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will happen when using Task Scheduler if you don't have the correct Security options on the General tab of your task properties. They should look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/3201/niels-van-reijmersdal&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IK1jO.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you set those options differently you won't be running the task using the current desktop environment, so even if you change the service user as Niels suggested, it still might run in a separate environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it should still run fine. Does it not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T04:41:45.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26021" CreationDate="2017-03-11T05:23:49.410" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with everything &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/18348/george&quot;&gt;George&lt;/a&gt; said. I would add that dealing with these kinds of exceptions requires a sound understanding of how the DOM changes in response to every action you take. If any action changes an element you already have a reference to, that reference will likely become stale. Even if you try to use an element on the very same line that you find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To deal with this (and any similar situation), I would first run the test steps manually and observe how the DOM changes in response to my actions. I would pay attention to the time it takes for elements to update. Then I would add a few sleep statements &lt;em&gt;after&lt;/em&gt; each action to give the DOM changes time to settle before the next statement is executed. Finally, if all is well I would replace the static sleeps with the appropriate explicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you say that you get stale element exceptions even on the first find statement. This means that the DOM is still changing when this method is called. I'd recommend finding out what actions are causing the changes and then add in appropriate waits after those actions. For now, add a sleep before the find. And you shouldn't need the second find statement because the DOM should not be changing any more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next action that might change the DOM is the sendKeys call, so sleep after that. Finally, if there is javascript that changes the element in response to entering text, that might cause the element to become stale so find it again. So the code temporarily looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean checkTextBoxMaxLength(String Textbox, int maxLength) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;    int overMaxLength = maxLength + 1;&#xA;        char[] chars = &quot;abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz&quot;.toCharArray();&#xA;        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();&#xA;        Random random = new Random();&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; overMaxLength; i++) {&#xA;            char c = chars[random.nextInt(chars.length)];&#xA;            sb.append(c);&#xA;        }&#xA;    String output = sb.toString();&#xA;    System.out.println(output);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000); // pause for 5 seconds&#xA;    WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.id(Textbox));&#xA;&#xA;    String maximum = ele.getAttribute(&quot;maxlength&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Element maxlenght is: &quot; +maximum);&#xA;&#xA;    ele.sendKeys(output);&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&#xA;    ele = driver.findElement(By.id(Textbox)); // Only necessary if you have javascript that changes the element in response to you entering text&#xA;&#xA;    String input = ele.getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(input);&#xA;    System.out.println(output.substring(0,output.length()-1));&#xA;&#xA;    if (input.equals(output.substring(0,output.length()-1))) {  &#xA;        return true;&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that works, remove the long static sleeps and replace them with explicit waits. Unfortunately the actions that change the DOM must occur before the checkTextBoxMaxLength method is called, so that's out of scope for this question. If you can isolate a section of code that results includes calls to this method we might be able to identify the root cause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/documentation/selenium/6901/waiting-in-selenium&quot;&gt;selenium documentation here on waits&lt;/a&gt; might help get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T05:23:49.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26043" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-11T13:38:10.477" Score="1" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the application I am working on for UI testing with &lt;code&gt;intern&lt;/code&gt;. There are certain modules that have similar components and functions. So I'm trying to figure out the way to create an &lt;code&gt;Abstract test&lt;/code&gt; for those components so that I don't have to repeat the same code for all those modules. Can someone throw some light on how to create abstract tests (like in &lt;code&gt;java&lt;/code&gt;) which I can extend or something to other test with similar kind of functionalities?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23420" LastEditorUserId="24353" LastEditDate="2017-03-12T02:29:08.963" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T11:33:07.833" Title="Creating abstract test in Intern js" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;intern&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26045" CreationDate="2017-03-11T15:23:30.440" Score="4" ViewCount="3229" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am introducing myself to devops engineering and I'm stuck on &quot;how to automate testing for web applications&quot;.  I consider that backend and api test automation are relatively simple and the concept is clear, but I don't understand the QA principles and tools behind front-end test automation specially when using the latest FE technologies (angular, react, meteor, ember, etc...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you really automate the front-end testing?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Does the tool depends of the technology/framework? I've heard about automating at the &quot;controller level&quot; does that mean that you should only test where are you routed inside the web app? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would you recommend a tool for it having CI in mind?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24548" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T07:41:46.000" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T07:41:46.000" Title="How do I automate front-end testing for a web app with Javascript?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;front-end&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26044" CreationDate="2017-03-11T16:30:00.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Front end testing is important and is often part of User Acceptance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most popular approaches uses Selenium along with a programming language - Java, Ruby, Python or C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basic principle is that you create an instance of a Selenium object called 'WebDriver' that represents the instance of use of a specific browser, for example chromedriver for chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You then write tests using this infrastructure.  You refer to web page elements, you 'click' on links and buttons, you type text in input fields, you submit forms, etc.  Basically if a user can do it, you can usually replicate that behaviour using selenium commands through the selected language and framework.  In some cases is is done through a test framework tool, for example for Ruby on Rails (Application Framework), using RSpec (Test Framework) and Capybara (Selenium API)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of hardest parts is certainly javascript and ajax testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally the approach here is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Make sure selenium tests have good waiting strategies to allow for ajax and javascript&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Write unit level tests in a javascript testing framework.  This can either be a specific test framework used by the javascript framework being used or a more general one that can be used with various javascript frameworks.  A good example of the latter is Jasmine.  Jasmine tests will likely mock out the actual web page with a fragment specifically for testing.  This is a big part of what makes them unit tests and not user acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Front end tests are the focus of my job.   I actually find them a lot easier to write than model or controller tests!  I do use practices like Page Objects to make sure the tests stay readable and maintainable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for 'automating at the controller level only' I think that might have been part of a bigger statement with more context.  You should consider testing at model, controller and view levels for unit, integrated and user-acceptance testing using happy, sad and optional workflows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T19:42:11.177" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T19:42:11.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26047" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-11T19:55:38.157" Score="2" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know of any tools like Wallaby.js, or combinations of various tooling and solutions that would help one achieve a comparable/similar testing workflow, i.e. instant feedbck as you make your coding changes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;btw&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Wallaby.js is an intelligent and super fast test runner for JavaScript that continuously runs your tests. It reports code coverage and other results directly to your code editor, immediately as you change your code. Wallaby.js is insanely fast, because it only executes tests affected by your code changes and runs your tests in parallel. The tool provides a huge productivity boost whether you are doing TDD/BDD or using any other approach.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24549" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-11T21:15:04.673" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T03:21:53.670" Title="Emulating Wallaby.js test runner" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26047" CreationDate="2017-03-11T21:09:47.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Karma is certainly one option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://karma-runner.github.io/1.0/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://karma-runner.github.io/1.0/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The main goal for Karma is to bring a productive testing environment to developers. The environment being one where they don't have to set up loads of configurations, but rather a place where developers can just write the code and get instant feedback from their tests. Because getting quick feedback is what makes you productive and creative.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T21:09:47.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26047" CreationDate="2017-03-11T21:10:55.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are also doing React you may like &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://facebook.github.io/jest/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Complete and easy to set-up JavaScript testing solution. Works out of the box for any React project.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T21:10:55.070" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26047" CreationDate="2017-03-11T21:14:35.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mocha is quite popular &lt;a href=&quot;https://mochajs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://mochajs.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mocha is a feature-rich JavaScript test framework running on Node.js and in the browser, making asynchronous testing simple and fun. Mocha tests run serially, allowing for flexible and accurate reporting, while mapping uncaught exceptions to the correct test cases.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-11T21:14:35.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26051" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-12T13:08:09.760" Score="23" ViewCount="63518" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just updated my project with the latest chrome driver (2.28).&#xA;When I run the browser through the driver, a yellow notification pops under the URL bar, saying &quot;Chrome is being controlled by automated test software&quot;. &#xA;Is there any way to configure Chrome not to show this notification?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used this code to start the driver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ChromeOptions cOptions = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;    cOptions.addArguments(&quot;test-type&quot;);&#xA;    cOptions.addArguments(&quot;start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;    cOptions.addArguments(&quot;--js-flags=--expose-gc&quot;);  &#xA;    cOptions.addArguments(&quot;--enable-precise-memory-info&quot;); &#xA;    cOptions.addArguments(&quot;--disable-popup-blocking&quot;);&#xA;    cOptions.addArguments(&quot;--disable-default-apps&quot;); &#xA;    driver = new ChromeDriver(cOptions);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2mwNN.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2mwNN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24553" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T09:29:41.290" LastActivityDate="2018-02-09T12:26:39.930" Title="Chrome driver 2.28: &quot;Chrome is being controlled by automated test software&quot; notification. Can it be removed?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26016" CreationDate="2017-03-12T19:05:41.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can simply call the isSelected() method on the WebElement (checkbox) and it will return true if it is selected.  You can then also just call .click() when you want to select it (after checking it is not already selected).  you can also make a List of your checkboxes using the driver.findelements (multiple, not element) and loop through checking them as you desire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-03-12T19:05:41.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26053" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-12T19:36:40.323" Score="6" ViewCount="942" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should I be adding this functionality into my test framework?  Should I be using Hibernate or standard JDBC?  I need to run a stored procedure which exists in one of my databases, pass in 4 parameters and then grab the results to assert against.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to verify using the database as I cannot verify it on mobile devices themselves due to the nature of my work they are completely secure/bespoke android OS so using the likes of appium is not a possibility.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you post an example of using Hibernate to execute a paramaterised SP and grab the result set including dependencies/configuration necessary in doing so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="27047" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T13:01:09.613" LastActivityDate="2020-11-30T21:00:30.147" Title="How can I execute a stored procedure on sql server and get the result passing in 4 parameters?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-13T03:45:36.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've managed to do it by passing the &quot;disable-infobars&quot; argument:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver player = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24560" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T03:45:36.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22143" CreationDate="2017-03-13T04:39:52.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;500 Internal Server in the context of LoadRunner, usually means that the request was not constructed properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Towards this, you can compare the request headers of the 'Recording' and 'Replay'. Check to see if there are any missing headers and add them using &quot;web_add_header&quot; function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error could also be due to incorrect data being sent as part of the request body.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;Name=authenticity_token&quot;, &quot;Value=jkbx4yBAUdh2ecotpqDRK5F1P2UGyhLedGn9CHJbgWA=&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;probably requires correlation, as is seems to authenticate the current request session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, understand the error message from the snapshot of the request and try solving the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24561" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T04:39:52.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24063" CreationDate="2017-03-13T04:58:58.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like you have pointed out, there is no debug mode in LoadRunner (as far as I recollect) like you would, in Eclipse IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will be able to place breakpoints on 'lr_' functions and when the script is run the execution will halt at the breakpoint. This can be used to verify, if the correlations and parameters substitution have occurred correctly up to the breakpoint.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24561" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T04:58:58.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26035" CreationDate="2017-03-13T05:45:57.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no &lt;code&gt;tokenize&lt;/code&gt; function in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath 1.0&lt;/a&gt; therefore you won't be able to use it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt; operator in XPath compares 2 nodes therefore you will always be getting &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; as left side of expression will never be equal to the right side&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend extracting this &lt;code&gt;1325&lt;/code&gt; value in 2 steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract the whole &lt;code&gt;onmousedown&lt;/code&gt; attribute using the following XPath query:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td[contains(span,'Accounting')]/@onmousedown&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/h7z1g.png&quot; alt=&quot;XPath Extractor&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract &lt;code&gt;1325&lt;/code&gt; value using &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207421325-Using-RegEx-Regular-Expression-Extractor-with-JMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt; like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'(\d+)'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/h7z1g.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YP1u5.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter REgular Expression&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T05:45:57.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26058" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-13T07:06:59.693" Score="3" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tool used - HP LoadRunner 12.5; Protocol used - Ajax TruClient.&#xA;The application is hosted on Nederland location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we are performing load tests with the same number of scripts simulating the load from Nederlands (40 vusers), China (20 vusers) and USA locations (40 vusers). Given the response time of these tests return similar results, we have noticed a very drastic difference in the Throughput. The Nederlands location has returned very less throughput and the other two locations, even though there is a difference in load returned similar throughput. The difference is by a margin of over 150%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test duration was 1 hour for each of the test which were executed one after the other (Nederland -&gt; USA -&gt; China).&#xA;Client side caching was disabled and there is no caching activity was turned on in the servers or the Load Balancer as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help us by giving a perspective to look at in resolving this mystery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastEditorUserId="21052" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T14:47:12.453" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:32:59.397" Title="LoadRuner 12.5 - Throughput Difference with similar Response Time for different locations" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-13T07:13:31.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://codereview.chromium.org/2564973002&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;infobar was added&lt;/a&gt; in the most recent &lt;a href=&quot;https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2017/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chrome update&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add an infobar if a session is being controlled by an automated test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This infobar is only displayed if the browser is launched with the&#xA;--enable-automation switch. It also disables the developer mode extensions&#xA;warning bubble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To disable it, remove the switch like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions cOptions = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;cOptions.setExperimentalOption(&amp;quot;excludeSwitches&amp;quot;, Arrays.asList(&amp;quot;enable-automation&amp;quot;));&#xA;_driver = new ChromeDriver(cOptions);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24544" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T07:13:31.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-13T08:04:11.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks , I added : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also added :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cOptions.setExperimentalOption(&quot;excludeSwitches&quot;, Arrays.asList(&quot;enable-automation&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to make sure nothing pops in the future.&#xA;It looks like the problem has been solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24554" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T08:04:11.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26061" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-13T09:18:40.720" Score="3" ViewCount="32232" Body="&lt;p&gt;how can i get the value &quot;2017-03-11T04:50&quot; from the below html using selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;game-date-time&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;span data-date=&quot;2017-03-11T04:50Z&quot; data-behavior=&quot;date_time&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;span class=&quot;time game-time&quot; data-dateformat=&quot;time1&quot; data-showtimezone=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;10:20 AM IST&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;span class=&quot;game-date&quot; data-dateformat=&quot;date12&quot;&amp;gt;11 March 2017&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in Advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24563" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T11:51:09.747" LastActivityDate="2019-08-01T14:17:50.393" Title="How can i get the value from div class in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-13T10:30:12.970" Score="4" ViewCount="2915" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to disable 'show all' download bar of chrome in selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because the download bar is showing, UI elements in the lower portion of my page that need to be clicked are not visible.&#xA;I'm looking for something like the way we disable notification bars with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions(); &#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to disable the download bar like this, and where can I find the information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24564" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T11:39:01.203" LastActivityDate="2021-03-21T15:03:45.693" Title="How do I disable 'show all' download bar of chrome in selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26061" CreationDate="2017-03-13T11:02:58.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the code below, I have used xpath to find the element you want and have called &lt;code&gt;getAttribute()&lt;/code&gt; method to get the attribute value of the tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String value = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//div[@class='game-date-time']/span[@data-behavior='date_time']&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;data-date&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String date = value.substring(0,value.length()-1);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2019-08-01T14:17:33.963" LastActivityDate="2019-08-01T14:17:33.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26064" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-13T12:31:48.300" Score="1" ViewCount="3151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to compare two databases which have many tables in it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Both databases are the same but we are running different scripts to load and validate the data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will i do this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I use Selenium?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24567" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T02:09:03.973" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T02:12:30.730" Title="How can I compare content in two similar databases?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26064" CreationDate="2017-03-13T13:10:38.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you might be able to use Selenium, if you can check it manually from the user interface and it is a web-application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure it is the fastest or easiest way to compare two databases though. Selenium is created for testing functional behaviour, not data validation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it is easier to use a SQL compare tool, like this one: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.red-gate.com/products/sql-development/sql-compare/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.red-gate.com/products/sql-development/sql-compare/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T13:26:29.027" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T13:26:29.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26064" CreationDate="2017-03-13T13:20:23.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.liquibase.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Liquibase&lt;/a&gt; is a tool that offers this kind of functionality among others, assuming you can establish jdbc connections to your databases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.liquibase.org/documentation/diff.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diff&lt;/a&gt; command that takes the connection parameters of 2 databases, and it reports their differences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to report data changes you will need to use the &lt;code&gt;--diffTypes=data&lt;/code&gt; option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Syntax:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;liquibase.sh --driver=oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver \&#xA;        --url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@testdb:1521:test \&#xA;        --username=bob \&#xA;        --password=bob \&#xA;    diff \&#xA;        --referenceUrl=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost/XE \&#xA;        --referenceUsername=bob \&#xA;        --referencePassword=bob&#xA;    --diffTypes=data&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;reference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.liquibase.org/documentation/diff.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.liquibase.org/documentation/diff.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23546" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T13:20:23.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26069" CreationDate="2017-03-13T14:24:56.220" Score="1" ViewCount="892" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to use more than one Server Name or IPs(see screenshot) by using variables in jmeter for same Http Request ? better providing example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qFxV8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qFxV8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T15:49:32.660" Title="How to use more than one Server Name or IPs(see screenshot) by using variables in jmeter for same Http Request?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26068" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-13T15:17:49.373" Score="3" ViewCount="182" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may be a long shot, but suppose I have a requirement that a given section of a web page be bolded. That could be done with  &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags, or even a heading tag assuming that it kept the default styling of &lt;code&gt;font-weight: bold&lt;/code&gt;. But suppose I &lt;em&gt;also&lt;/em&gt; wanted to include cases where it matched a CSS-selector made the text bold. So, for example, in this case, the following cases would all pass:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;style&amp;gt;&#xA;.foo { font-weight: bold }&#xA;&amp;lt;/style&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;foo&quot;&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While the following test cases would fail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;style&amp;gt;&#xA;h2 { font-weight: normal }&#xA;&amp;lt;/style&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm ideally looking for a tool that can &quot;render&quot; the code programmatically and provide information about it programmatically, ideally from within Python or the command line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Update&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following up on &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/26191/4282&quot;&gt;Todor's answer&lt;/a&gt; recommending Selenium with PhantomJS, I've come up with a solution that makes use of the Webdriver to render the HTML and then uses the &lt;code&gt;.value_of_css_property&lt;/code&gt; method to check that the style is correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import os&#xA;import tempfile&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&#xA;class StylesTestMixin(object):&#xA;    def setUp(self):&#xA;        self.browser = webdriver.PhantomJS()&#xA;&#xA;    def check_content_for_style(self, content, *args, **kwargs):&#xA;        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.html') as fo:&#xA;            fo.write(content.encode('utf-8'))&#xA;            fo.seek(0)&#xA;            self.check_url_for_style('file://{}'.format(fo.name), *args, **kwargs)&#xA;&#xA;    def check_url_for_style(self, url, selector, property, expected, count=None, exact=False):&#xA;        self.browser.get(url)&#xA;        matching_els = self.browser.find_elements_by_css_selector(selector)&#xA;        if count and count != len(matching_els):&#xA;            raise AssertionError(&#xA;                &quot;Expected {} matching elements, but found {}&quot;.format(&#xA;                    count, len(matching_els)&#xA;                )&#xA;            )&#xA;        for match in matching_els:&#xA;            actual = match.value_of_css_property(property)&#xA;            if exact: # property matches expected value exactly&#xA;                if actual != expected:&#xA;                    raise AssertionError(&#xA;                        &quot;Expected {} with value {}, got {}\n\nElement: {}&quot;.format(&#xA;                            property, &#xA;                            expected, &#xA;                            actual, &#xA;                            match.get_attribute('outerHTML')&#xA;                        )&#xA;                    )&#xA;            else: # only checks that property contains expected value and ignores case&#xA;                if expected.lower() not in actual.lower():&#xA;                    raise AssertionError(&#xA;                        &quot;Expected {} containing value {}, got {}\n\nElement: {}&quot;.format(&#xA;                            property, &#xA;                            expected, &#xA;                            actual, &#xA;                            match.get_attribute('outerHTML')&#xA;                        )&#xA;                    )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can use it for testing like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from stylestest import StylesTestMixin&#xA;from unittest import TestCase&#xA;&#xA;# normally this would be content generated in a function or something&#xA;SAMPLE_CONTENT = '''&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;title&amp;gt;Test Content&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;style type=&quot;text/css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;.foo { font-weight: bold; }&#xA;h2 { font-weight: normal; }&#xA;&amp;lt;/style&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h1 class=&quot;should-be-bold&quot;&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;foo should-be-bold&quot;&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;strong class=&quot;should-be-bold&quot;&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h2 class=&quot;shouldnt-be-bold&quot;&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;shouldnt-be-bold&quot;&amp;gt;This should be bold&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;'''&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;class TestingStyles(StylesTestMixin, TestCase):    &#xA;    def test_items_are_bold(self):&#xA;        self.check_content_for_style(&#xA;            SAMPLE_CONTENT,&#xA;            '.should-be-bold',&#xA;            'font-weight',&#xA;            'bold',&#xA;            count=3,&#xA;            exact=True&#xA;        )&#xA;&#xA;    def test_items_arent_bold(self):&#xA;        self.check_content_for_style(&#xA;            SAMPLE_CONTENT,&#xA;            '.shouldnt-be-bold',&#xA;            'font-weight',&#xA;            'normal',&#xA;            count=2,&#xA;            exact=True&#xA;        )&#xA;&#xA;    def test_items_are_italic(self):&#xA;        # this one is supposed to fail&#xA;        self.check_content_for_style(&#xA;            SAMPLE_CONTENT,&#xA;            'strong',&#xA;            'font-style',&#xA;            'italic',&#xA;        )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4282" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T20:19:52.023" Title="A testing tool that determines whether a section of HTML matches a certain style?" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26067" CreationDate="2017-03-13T15:49:32.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have a list of domains (hostnames or IP addresses) you can substitute this &lt;code&gt;awe.bcu.com&lt;/code&gt; hard-coded value with i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__StringFromFile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__StringFromFile&lt;/a&gt; function pointing to the file containing this list like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SxYRu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SxYRu.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter String From File&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option is using &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733689-Using-CSV-DATA-SET-CONFIG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; configured like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D37k5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D37k5.png&quot; alt=&quot;CSV Data Set Config JMeter&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that case put &lt;code&gt;${hostname}&lt;/code&gt; into the &quot;Server Name or IP&quot; field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T15:49:32.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20108" CreationDate="2017-03-13T16:32:32.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically when I get this error it is due to a timing issue. Even after waiting for a certain element to display before clicking the link, it's possible for something to intermittently load or take focus away. Then when your code attempts to click it will click something that wasn't meant to be clicked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to determine if this is the problem is to add an implicit wait for a few seconds to see if the page stabilizes, prior to doing your element visible detection. If you wait for a few seconds, the page may stabilize and then your click will succeed. From there you can best determine how to do the additional explicit waits (hopefully) which are better than the implicit waits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T16:32:32.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1884" CreationDate="2017-03-13T16:35:33.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I currently work at Worksoft and based on what you're looking for it seems that our software would be a good fit for your situation. Our test automation software is designed to test SAP business processes the way that you use them and to make sure every SAP process works – and it spans SAP’s complete family of products. This enhances user experience because the automation helps to gain efficiency and improve quality by increasing QA coverage, accelerating projects, and reducing costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see more about how we work with SAP here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worksoft.com/sap-test-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.worksoft.com/sap-test-automation&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you'd like to read about the experience some of our customers have had with implementing SAP, here is a good post on that: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worksoft.com/accenture-digitizes-sap-testing-worksoft-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.worksoft.com/accenture-digitizes-sap-testing-worksoft-automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24570" LastEditorUserId="24570" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T16:06:05.717" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T16:06:05.717" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26072" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-13T17:08:54.203" Score="2" ViewCount="3608" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in Ubuntu. I want to automate a desktop application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I have worked with Selenium for automating web application, but Selenium doesn't support desktop applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard about AutoIt tool. Does it work on the Ubuntu OS? What should I do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-03-13T22:28:05.107" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T22:28:05.107" Title="How to automate an application on Ubuntu?" Tags="&lt;desktop-application&gt;&lt;ubuntu&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26072" CreationDate="2017-03-13T17:31:39.957" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to automate a desktop application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need a copy of Windows; installed or a VM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I heard about AutoIT. Is it working on ubuntu os ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/downloads/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AutoIT&lt;/a&gt; is only available on Windows and is a scripting tool. It can be paired with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What should I do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use AutoIT + Selenium (A Google search will turn up many guides on how). Otherwise, there are &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_off-the-shelf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;COTS&lt;/a&gt; that can test desktop applications, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T17:31:39.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22664" CreationDate="2017-03-13T17:38:20.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you are looking for is a step result hook. (using &amp;lt; 2.x)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;this.StepResult(function(stepResult) {&#xA;     //step = stepResult.getStep();&#xA;             //step.getName()) - gets the step that got executed&#xA;    //stepResult.getStatus() - gets the step status - passed || failed || skipped&#xA;});&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24571" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T17:38:20.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26072" CreationDate="2017-03-13T17:40:34.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would check out Sikuli &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt;.  It works on image recognition so it would work on Windows and non-windows so long as the target image is the same.  I have found that in general it works really well for anything desired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T17:40:34.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26068" CreationDate="2017-03-13T17:55:30.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will need to write some custom code.  There are multiple ways to do this depending on your end goal.  There is a code only approach like what YuZhang suggests in utilizing a python library for pulling the info out of the page and checking it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also pull the specifics with Selenium in the middle of a test with some tweaking.  You pull the full html into the code and then search the nodes with xquery for the desired selections.  Then you check certain paramaters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Logic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pull HTML out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retrieve CSS class names that specifically set font sizes to bold and put into a list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search your HTML for the specific elements you are trying to compare (likely need to check the full parent/child stack to ensure a parent doesn't have a css class defined and the child inherits it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Call a comparison method and pass the nodes and children in question of that along with the list of valid CSS class names.  This method would compare to ensure one of the following exists (CSS class name, Inherited styles, inline styles).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Optionally you could do a step in your test and do the same thing with straight code too.  If you want more specific help please dig into the details more on some of these points and ask a question related to that specifically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally if this is too cumbersome I'd recommend taking screenshots as you got through and then having a human look at the images to ensure bolded text is displayed.  Takes a little human intervention, but the human eye/brain is exceptional at ultra fast usability recognition.  If the screenshots are automated, it makes it simpler to just look and say yep, bolded or not...especially if you don't care what pattern the developer decided to style it with.  The main goal I can see of what your after is ensuring consistent styling patterns are utilized and not inline styles...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T17:55:30.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26072" CreationDate="2017-03-13T19:48:36.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, AutoIt does not have an Ubuntu version. It is a windows only automation tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Ubuntu team has their own &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test automation pages&lt;/a&gt;, it also lists some tools they use to test their own application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other alternatives: &lt;a href=&quot;https://askubuntu.com/questions/822075/what-is-the-equivalent-tool-for-autoit-in-ubuntu&quot;&gt;https://askubuntu.com/questions/822075/what-is-the-equivalent-tool-for-autoit-in-ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:25:25.163" LastActivityDate="2017-03-13T19:48:36.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26079" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-14T02:32:37.463" Score="5" ViewCount="6162" Body="&lt;p&gt;What framework is &lt;code&gt;Page Object Model&lt;/code&gt;? I would argue that it is data-driven, since, even though many actions are wrapped in user created methods, it is not totally reliant on keywords. Thus it is not Hybrid, but Data Driven because you always need to extract data from a file. Am I right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T11:00:28.227" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T08:39:51.353" Title="What framework is Page Object Model" Tags="&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;pom&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26061" CreationDate="2017-03-14T05:04:27.707" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your div text does not provide value in the format as you mentioned &lt;code&gt;(&quot;2017-03-11T04:50&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To just get the value you can use &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt;. Then you can parse the string to eliminate &quot;Z&quot;. (if that is what you are looking for)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//get the attribute value first.&#xA;&#xA;String date = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='game-date-time']/span[@data-behavior='date_time']&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;data-date&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// parsing for'z'.&#xA;&#xA;String parts[] = date.split(&quot;z&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// to get fist portion.&#xA;&#xA;String dateParsed = parts[0]; //which should be &quot;2017-03-11T04:50&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24575" LastEditorUserId="34920" LastEditDate="2019-07-31T13:04:20.213" LastActivityDate="2019-07-31T13:04:20.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26079" CreationDate="2017-03-14T05:33:23.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We often call POM a framework but its mostly is a design pattern/class style  to create object repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can make it Hybrid by adding even other testing process... like- adding cucumber-jvm to partially do some behavioral driven testing. And also data driven with Apache POI or using DataProvider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24575" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T05:33:23.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26061" CreationDate="2017-03-14T06:00:26.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can simple get it by using below statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; part gets the data string and removes &lt;code&gt;Z&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;em&gt;all in single statement&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String dateString = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;substring-before(//div[@class='game-date-time']/span[@data-behavior='date_time']/@data-date,'Z')&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Date string :&quot;+dateString);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Online &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://xpatheval.apphb.com/7OYVFX6Ym&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; for the xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15919" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2019-08-01T14:17:42.860" LastActivityDate="2019-08-01T14:17:42.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-14T07:15:25.577" Score="3" ViewCount="942" Body="&lt;p&gt;Environment - Mac&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have configured SonarQube earlier, after that various other configuration might removed my admin user or something happen. But today I am not able to access my admin account/user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any one have idea how to regain the not only access but also admin user because I mentioned earlier, Settings tab is not visible on Sonar dashboard!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T03:36:35.997" LastActivityDate="2020-01-16T13:03:15.407" Title="Unable to see Settings &amp; Administrator tab on SonarQube dashboard" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26079" CreationDate="2017-03-14T07:46:02.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see you are getting little confuse between Page Object Model and Data driven/Hybrid. Below small info might help to understand basic -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What framework is Page Object Model?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Simply its one of the &lt;strong&gt;design pattern&lt;/strong&gt; type&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It &lt;strong&gt;helps to create Object Repository&lt;/strong&gt; for UI elements&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In POM, &lt;strong&gt;for each web page in the application there should be corresponding page class&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Page Object Model is just a way &lt;strong&gt;to make your code more readable, maintainable, and reusable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it data-driven?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data driven, Hybrid or Keyword driven all those are types of &lt;strong&gt;functional automation testing framework&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;data-driven&lt;/strong&gt; testing the &lt;strong&gt;input and output values for the tes&lt;/strong&gt;t are fetched from data files &amp;amp; In &lt;strong&gt;keyword driven&lt;/strong&gt; framework we need to &lt;strong&gt;create a set of keywords &amp;amp; data tables&lt;/strong&gt;, which are not dependent&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;All these nothing suggest anything about how to make code readable, maintainable &amp;amp; reusable but it helps to write your flow of test to be executed&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Describe, &lt;strong&gt;How tests should get executed?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T07:46:02.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26079" CreationDate="2017-03-14T08:28:14.043" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The PageObject Model is not a framework. A framework is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a basic structure underlying a system&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Page Object Model is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;an &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;object repository design pattern here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the POM might result in a personal testing framework as it creates a part of the underlying structure for your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;but Data Driven because you always need to extract data from a file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;POM itself does not extract data from a file unless you would call classes a file. The PageObject should not contain test-data, just element locators, and actions. It only describes the model of the objects you want to interact with. Any data is implemented using another framework or pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T08:39:51.353" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T08:39:51.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23648" CreationDate="2017-03-14T09:42:38.843" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a Linux OS files need to be marked as executable, probably you downloaded driver manually and didn't set the executable flag, try the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;chmod +x driverFilename&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For GUI methods look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://askubuntu.com/questions/229589/how-to-make-a-file-e-g-a-sh-script-executable-so-it-can-be-run-from-termina&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt; for alternatives. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T12:39:49.170" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T12:39:49.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26088" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-14T10:03:40.447" Score="2" ViewCount="1983" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was using POM for initializing my elements as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;//ion-buttons[2]/button&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement SearchIcon { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.CssSelector, Using = &quot;input.searchbar-input&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement SearchTextbox { get; set; }&#xA;&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;item-wrapper&quot;)]&#xA;    public IWebElement fixedcontent { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how to use below line of code on above format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; propertyList1 = Setup.driver.FindElements(By.ClassName(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T09:51:42.697" Title="How to implement POM for &quot;driver.FindElements&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-14T10:45:29.417" Score="1" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the administrator side of a system I have a means of adding a module, each module has its own application path and a the possibility of being a &lt;em&gt;subscription&lt;/em&gt;.  In short if subscription is true, it will amend the launching URL of the module to add &amp;amp;subType=x (x is whatever I set when enabling the subscription I get another field to populate).  Now when I launch this module on the user-side of the system, how can I confirm that this subtype has accurately been added to the call?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds simple enough, however the URL on the user side is heavily encrypted e.g&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;LaunchModule.aspx?enc=tmdyDHtFOFV+MCM8I+kcM+dInz3KzImy74LEYcjBz6HkVrDPPnNNdqE3sYLnHUINpwcaQFViPxdC3Am3Do5oXh7Lm2/P9OXNifHgSNHf7hIwRT/x7vGSN5qDfiYHg9l7MzOFxJwgo0NRvrBdB+3RPO3nO2XQKM87zcAldMdE7fV9Eleg03MXIZVEBw+orqSeNxEcv1aVMl4QERibuYSI8O7guSiZAJyUseIVTlPIym/IVNvU/aSiCh8nCh53hd3LZYqUvdWsM7WpfHgn2ZpKXuhcCNjQwJdTEmWyfn/X/nQVTxKgurLiV8UPkV0SeLsA&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I confirm when one is adding the subType paramater properly? can I use chrome dev console somehow?  It's not possible for me to decrypt the url here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried doing the same setup hoping the encryption would match so I could just add/remove the subscription and the encrypted string would change somewhat, however it seems very heavily randomised each time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also worth noting, I don't have a means to pass in a valid subType to see something on screen, this is entirely used by a third party and I have no idea what they will use it for or even access to their network if I did.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T11:26:28.967" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T11:30:20.117" Title="How to test this URL is correct after encryption?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24255" CreationDate="2017-03-14T11:23:33.663" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following online sites are very much useful in order to test QA skill (manual and automation both):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.qatutor.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.qatutor.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T11:23:33.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26089" CreationDate="2017-03-14T11:30:20.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test behaviour not implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how can I confirm that this subtype has accurately been added to the&#xA;  call?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would this subtype have for an effect on the user of this system? Validate the end-result has happend, not that the subtype has been added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrange: Setup the system with data to verify something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Act: Take steps to act the thing you want to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert: Assert the end-result is what you expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can give a better example how you are stuck with testing the full flow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T11:30:20.117" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-14T13:08:49.157" Score="1" ViewCount="460" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to set uploaded CSV file server  path for  &lt;code&gt;__StringFromFile&lt;/code&gt; function in JMeter?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How to get  server CSV file path for this? ex Bitbucket&#xA;[need to run JMeter scripts in sever not in local machine]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below screenshot shown local machine file path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bseLE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bseLE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-05T06:20:26.623" LastActivityDate="2018-02-05T06:20:26.623" Title="How to set uploaded CSV file server path for __StringFromFile function in JMeter HTTP Request?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20100" CreationDate="2017-03-14T13:12:52.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider using Page Objects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindAll({@FindBy(css = &quot;LocatorHere&quot;)})&#xA;private List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; listBoxItems;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Constructor to initialise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public ClassConstructor(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;    PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;    this.driver = driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generate your &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; List:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; selections = listBoxItems;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:24:00.157" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:24:00.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26088" CreationDate="2017-03-14T13:21:43.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am providing my answer in java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBys(&#xA;@FindBy(classname=”name”))&#xA;public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; propertyList1;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBys(&#xA;@FindBy(how = How.CLASSNAME, Using=”name”))&#xA;public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; propertyList1;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional Information:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;We can use &lt;code&gt;@FindAll&lt;/code&gt; with multiple &lt;code&gt;@FindBy&lt;/code&gt; annotations to look for elements that match any of the given locators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindAll({&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.ID, using=”username”),&#xA;    @FindBy(className=”username-field”)&#xA;  })&#xA;private WebElement user_name;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.toptal.com/selenium/test-automation-in-selenium-using-page-object-model-and-page-factory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read&lt;/a&gt; for future reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T04:20:26.440" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T04:20:26.440" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26092" CreationDate="2017-03-14T13:30:07.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Set a parameterized User Defined Variable for the server name that will be passed in from the command line when the test is run:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Name = server&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;Value = ${__P(server,serverNameHere)}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in your server name reference &lt;code&gt;${server}&lt;/code&gt; in the path. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T13:30:07.057" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26096" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-14T13:32:04.310" Score="2" ViewCount="5949" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a Web page having the following xpaths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath1 = By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='gamepackage-game-information']/article/div/div[2]/span&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&#xA;xpath2 = By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='gamepackage-game-information']/article/div/div[1]/figure/figcaption/div&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some webpages having &lt;code&gt;xpath1&lt;/code&gt; &amp;amp; Some webpages having &lt;code&gt;xpath2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to get the text using if condition in Selenium Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24563" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T20:14:01.253" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T01:13:49.597" Title="How to find an element that may be in multiple xpath locations?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26097" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26107" CreationDate="2017-03-14T13:49:09.137" Score="1" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a product which uses very low level file system operations. It is crucial that this product works with external file system devices like Windows phones (using the MTP protocol).&#xA;There is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/wpdblog/2009/10/23/the-mtp-device-simulator/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MTP Device Simulator&lt;/a&gt; and I am wondering if this is a reliable tool for integration testing. If not, do you know of any limitations? Would you rather prefer testing with an actual device? Are there any alternatives?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T20:22:25.640" Title="Is testing with the MTP Device Simulator equally reliable as with an actual device?" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23743" CreationDate="2017-03-14T14:14:23.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Ranorex support pointed out that the &lt;code&gt;OpenBrowser&lt;/code&gt; method does not accept a specific browser version by design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test on various browser versions, the suggested approach is to run the test suite on multiple virtual machines having different browser versions installed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T14:14:23.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24114" CreationDate="2017-03-14T14:30:11.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance issues could be an indirect reference to a bug somewhere else in the program where you are not looking which may/may not be obvious now but definitely you have to address it later. &#xA;For example: Memory Leak issue, GC problem, etc&#xA;Not to miss, there could be architectural issues with the server layout or load Balancer as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T14:30:11.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22946" CreationDate="2017-03-14T14:44:15.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like a memory leak issue to me. Like the guys above had mentioned already, monitor the server level activities and tune the application accordingly. Also, I doubt the application's capability of handling 250 users. I would advice to have a check on the architecture and the increase the server capacity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T14:44:15.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26096" CreationDate="2017-03-14T15:06:51.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use try cache block.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String text = null;&#xA;try{&#xA;   text = driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath1)).getText();&#xA;}catch(NoSuchElementException ex){&#xA;   text = driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath2)).getText();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helps.&#xA;P.S: This is just a pseudo code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23986" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T04:45:51.207" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T04:45:51.207" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15328" CreationDate="2017-03-14T16:32:28.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally the best way I have found is to loop through the table rows, then get the text from the  you need to and compare. Below I have an example of what you can use, it should be easy enough to change to your liking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public boolean searchUsername(WebDriver driver, String username){&#xA;    boolean isFound = false;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;tbody &amp;gt; tr&quot;));&#xA;    for(WebElement row : rows){&#xA;        if(row.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;td:nth-of-type(2)&quot;).getText.equals(username){&#xA;            isFound = true;&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    return isFound;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24593" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T16:32:28.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26096" CreationDate="2017-03-14T20:12:08.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# pseudo code&#xA;String text = null;&#xA;text1 = driver.findElements(By.xpath(xpath1)).getText();&#xA;text2 = driver.findElements(By.xpath(xpath2)).getText();&#xA;if text1 &amp;lt;&amp;gt; '' or text2 &amp;lt;&amp;gt; '' then  # NOTE: I don't know java syntax!&#xA;  code...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might have to use &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; (note plural) and check for the array size being zero (that is if &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; raises an error).  &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; tends to get around that by just returning an empty array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T22:23:46.817" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T22:23:46.817" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26107" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26097" CreationDate="2017-03-14T20:17:02.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Emulators/Simulators are sometimes good and sometimes not.  You can look at sauce labs &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/&lt;/a&gt; which has some to offer for various devices and there are some other companies as well.  Some utilize actual devices which gets expensive.  Frankly I have found through a cost analysis that it's cheaper to buy a few devices to test directly from than to utilize an external company for the real devices.  The simulations will test most of what you want to test, but then you will need a real person playing with the device itself to get the usability testing part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as doing the automation testing I would try to get the simulator to work as it would likely cover 80+% of the testing that needs to be done.  Check out reviews to be sure other people find that it's accurate and also do a sanity check on a real device to see if there is any visible difference.  Each simulator has it's own nuances and issues...some better than others.  Try to utilize a simulator instead of emulator as the emulator tends to not account for the hardware specifics much and focuses on the software part, where the simulator tries to account for a simulation of the actual device including hardware specs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a site that lists a sampling of tools and companies. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingtools.com/mobile-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.testingtools.com/mobile-testing/&lt;/a&gt; Be sure to really research as the mobile automation testing is rather newer and there is alot of competition resulting a wide variety of good and bad.  Find your specific niche that is best for your team and don't settle.  Always test at least some on the actual device before release as there are always nuances that don't 100% show up in simulation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the MTP Simulator goes, I personally haven't utilized it, but it's a simulator and part of the windows DEK so I think if you were using a simulator that's probably the best you will get for that device.  Apple/Android have been far ahead of Windows on the simulators for mobile devices.  A few years back they didn't have anything, so something is better than nothing, but don't ignore the value of actual device testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T20:22:25.640" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T20:22:25.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26108" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-14T20:40:50.020" Score="4" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are an IT company which provides Automated Vehicle Location (GPS Based) services. We provide dozens of web apps in our ecosystem, and none has ever been thoroughly passed an SQA process. Our development team is just 7 people and, considering the amount of feature request, we cannot afford to release bugs into production environment, so we'd like to automate testing as far as possible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone please recommend us some starting points on where to look for possible tools to use (free / opensource preferably), tutorials or alike?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-03-14T22:04:09.450" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T22:12:32.443" Title="Getting Started - Newbie Question" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26108" CreationDate="2017-03-14T21:17:01.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are alot of things to consider.  First here are some tool links as there are tons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingtools.com/mobile-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.testingtools.com/mobile-testing/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Various automation companies&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.capterra.com/automated-testing-software/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.capterra.com/automated-testing-software/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some brief info on Approaching Automation&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/automation-testing-tutorial-7/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/automation-testing-tutorial-7/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nalashaa.com/7-key-best-practices-of-software-test-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.nalashaa.com/7-key-best-practices-of-software-test-automation/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automation Tools&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingtools.com/test-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.testingtools.com/test-automation/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok, now that you are thoroughly overwhelmed with data here is the most important things to keep in mind.  What is the best value for testing.  By &quot;value&quot; I don't mean cost, but importance.  If you already have a large code base there should be a few critical components to start out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where is the biggest risk if not tested?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What has the biggest client impact if broken?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What code is utilized the most (i.e. if this breaks there will be lots of places that break instead of just one)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is not covered currently by any other verification method?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is repetitive and easiest to script and rerun?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of these are manual testing questions and some are automation questions, but your goal isn't &quot;what do I automate&quot; it's &quot;how do I ensure the best quality&quot;.  Once you can determine that in detail it's time to separate what to automate vs. what to manually test vs. what to take a risk on.  Based on what you have said in your description it seems you have a group of developers, if you don't have QA folks I recommend getting one.  There is a reason it's a separate job and it is because it's a different way of thinking and approaching things.  If developers were able to do all the QA there wouldn't be a need for the job itself.  It's important to have someone with the right way of thinking and perspective to bring that into the team dynamics.  Maybe you already have this person in which case great (maybe that is you...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once you have a solid team the answers to the questions will become evident.  Risk could be customer impacting, but it could also be something like divergent code bases that are no longer maintainable vs. a centralized approach.  It could also be inline styles vs. css or copied code instead of reused code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This should be your client perspective.  If it seems really bad but noone cares, don't put it here as it could offset the whole project.  The ultimate goal should be customer satisfaction even if there are some things that are &quot;need to do later&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This will likely overlap 1&amp;amp;2 but the goal is anything that overlaps more than 1 of these is more critical by nature than something that doesn't.  Dead code for instance might just be in here, but it might also confuse and make the footprint confusing which causes more breakages.  It's important, but not as important as copied functions that are actively utilized but not maintained, centralized coding becomes a 2 part making it more important even though both are along the lines of confusion and duplication.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This will start out huge and hopefully grow smaller over time.  The starting point on whittling down this will relate to the other categories.  If something seems critical to 3 places than naturally start there first and work towards the lesser impacted areas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the quickest way to improve quality is getting the most coverage first.  Even if it's less critical if it covers 25% of the application in 1 swipe it might be worth automating it first.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend doing a weighted point system based on categories to get a proper analysis on the overall scope of the application.  After that it's deciding which tools and where to utilize them.  This should be part of the SDLC though and not treated as an after thought.  If you are going to do this right, you need to change the process going forward to include QA as part of the process prior to release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T21:17:01.197" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26108" CreationDate="2017-03-14T22:00:55.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with Legacy applications is that most of the time they where not developed with test automation in mind. Adding automation as an after thought is a challenging task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is not a lot of information about this, but there is this well received book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change the process. Stop adding more features that are not well tested. Add enough tests in each level of &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the test pyramid&lt;/a&gt; for any new feature. Slowly &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refactoring&lt;/a&gt; existing code to become better testable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just blindly using test automation tools will probably not solve the testing problems. It might even add new issues, because automated tests potential become a maintenance nightmare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T22:00:55.870" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26108" CreationDate="2017-03-14T22:12:32.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a standard for browser automation, and is free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But biggest challenge will be to change the culture in your company. You will spend huge amount of time and resources backfilling automated tests to apps which were not designed to be automated. In many cases, changes would be required to make automated tests easier/more reliable: is company willing to spend resources on that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if no changes are allowed, you will have to rely on flaky locators like XPath, which will decrease your productivity significantly - see all these folks here struggling with XPath. I give only one advice about XPath is - avoid it if you can. :-) I do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need a champion on the business side to spend all those resources on something which does not add new features for customers, and marketing does not care. Without such champion, you are entering a battle you cannot win. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend to research Workplace SE for questions about workplace politics and process changes. That would be your bigger challenge than coding, IMHO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-03-14T22:12:32.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26064" CreationDate="2017-03-15T01:34:46.397" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To achieve the purpose there are many automation tools out there. &#xA;I would suggest to use OATS tool (Oracle Application Testing Suite). I find it more comfortable than Selenium .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has lot of inbuilt features. Functional Testing, Load Testing, Webservices, Data Base Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To Compare two data bases is quite easy. Follow the link for more details information&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chadthompson.me/2012/08/first-steps-with-oats-recording-a-test-with-openscript/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chadthompson.me/2012/08/first-steps-with-oats-recording-a-test-with-openscript/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E25294_01/doc.920/e15487/chap3_os_fm.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E25294_01/doc.920/e15487/chap3_os_fm.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24500" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T01:34:46.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5698" CreationDate="2017-03-15T01:42:16.007" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;OATS aka Open script doesn't support its API to call in another tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oracle EBS forms automation best fits with OATS tool and is an Oracle tool.&#xA;It has whole bunch of features Functional testing, Load testing and Webservices . It has its own Test Management tool with reporting.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The tool is built on top of Eclipse IDE. You can integrate with other tool and jar libraries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/oem/app-test/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/oem/app-test/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E25294_01/doc.920/e15487/chap3_os_fm.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E25294_01/doc.920/e15487/chap3_os_fm.htm&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24500" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T02:30:57.373" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T02:30:57.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26064" CreationDate="2017-03-15T02:12:30.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If using MySQL you can use the mysql mysqldbcompare tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-utilities/1.5/en/mysqldbcompare.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-utilities/1.5/en/mysqldbcompare.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This utility compares the objects and data from two databases to find differences. It identifies objects having different definitions in the two databases and presents them in a diff-style format of choice. Differences in the data are shown using a similar diff-style format. Changed or missing rows are shown in a standard format of GRID, CSV, TAB, or VERTICAL.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Use the notation db1:db2 to name two databases to compare, or, alternatively just db1 to compare two databases with the same name. The latter case is a convenience notation for comparing same-named databases on different servers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T02:12:30.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26115" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T04:07:08.177" Score="3" ViewCount="1686" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to use two user defined variables for same thread group for HTTP requests(server name or IP)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Vh5hA.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Vh5hA.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ex: I need run my same j meter scripts in two servers(test, production)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T06:02:18.403" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T13:32:13.450" Title="How to use two user defined variables for same thread group?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26117" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T05:40:46.373" Score="0" ViewCount="699" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing script using selenium (java). But with Internet Explorer I am not able to Inspect element. Can someone help me its very urgent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks and regards,&#xA;Kiran Raghuwanshi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24602" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T10:19:45.493" Title="Not able to inspect element using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-15T12:50:47.233" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26117" CreationDate="2017-03-15T06:53:52.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please consider use Firefox browser along with its Firebug plugin, together they will make your job much easier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;P.S. IE is phasing out of the market by Microsoft, why are you using it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, this tutorial is extremely good. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3resource.com/web-development-tools/firebug-tutorials.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Firebug tutorial link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T06:53:52.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-15T08:25:05.433" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just in case someone sees that post , I added :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cOptions.setExperimentalOption(&quot;excludeSwitches&quot;, Arrays.asList(&quot;enable-automation&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it caused the driver to crash when calling: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver().manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I had to remove it.&#xA;Anyway , Adding :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;solved the original issue.&#xA;Thank you all for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24554" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T08:25:05.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23646" CreationDate="2017-03-15T09:19:21.987" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://appium.github.io/java-client/io/appium/java_client/android/HasNetworkConnection.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Appium Java API docs&lt;/a&gt; you'd do something like this (I haven't tested it):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.setConnection(Connection.AIRPLANE);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that only the Android driver supports this (not the iOS driver). See &lt;a href=&quot;https://appium.readthedocs.io/en/stable/en/writing-running-appium/network_connection/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Adjusting Network Connection&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24283" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:56:07.943" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:56:07.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26117" CreationDate="2017-03-15T10:19:45.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can inspect/identify element by 2 way -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As suggested by @Yu Zhang, Install Firefox browser plugin like Firebug and Firepath.&#xA;Press F12 (Function key) to launch firebug/firepath.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using selenium IDE - By pressing 'Select' or 'Find' button you can also highlight the element.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T10:19:45.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T10:46:48.903" Score="2" ViewCount="1336" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am beginner in writing automated tests with robotframework(Python and Selenium2Libraries) and I've faced to the issue related to user registration flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Challenge is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The application under test makes sure users cannot sign up more than&#xA;  once with an email address. Because we want to be able to run the sign&#xA;  up test many times, we need to sign up with a unique email address in&#xA;  each test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to have solution that will enter in &lt;code&gt;&quot;email address field&quot; +n&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;like: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1st execution: email address: name+1@gmail.com&#xA;2nd execution: email address: name+2@gmail.com&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to handle this in robotframework?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24607" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T03:57:51.743" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T03:57:51.743" Title="Robotframework &amp; Selenium2Library &amp; Python - User sign up test problem (emaill address +n generation)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26123" CreationDate="2017-03-15T11:31:24.163" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test should run in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the ideal world:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup a clean environment with scripts. (new servers, clean database, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Destroy the test environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today with cloud infrastructure and containers (e.g. docker) this becomes easier and easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other solutions are hackish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Store the last number/ID in a file and retrieve it before the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate a guid like username for the email-address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a timestamp as username&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove the email address from the database before and after the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things like this will probably lead to manual cleaning as test sometimes fail half way. Prevent you from running the tests in parallel to speed up the test feedback cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T11:31:24.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26126" CreationDate="2017-03-15T12:00:34.890" Score="3" ViewCount="4587" Body="&lt;p&gt;The web-services testing would cover more cases if it is data-driven. So it is better to generate random data (but from the same boundary) for each request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. in &lt;code&gt;test case 1&lt;/code&gt; we check users id from DB with correct age and valid driver licence, in &lt;code&gt;test case 2&lt;/code&gt; user id with age less then 21, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to connect to DB in SoapUI (free version)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2018-06-27T07:13:25.283" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T21:01:16.260" Title="How to access database from SoapUI for test-data generation?" Tags="&lt;database&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26125" CreationDate="2017-03-15T12:00:34.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all you need to download DB driver, e.g. &lt;code&gt;ojdbc7.jar&lt;/code&gt; and place it in &lt;code&gt;bin\ext&lt;/code&gt; folder of SoapUI dir:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C:\Program Files (x86)\SmartBear\SoapUI-5.3.0\bin\ext&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can use groovy script to create connection to DB, query test values and assign it to SoapUI parameter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import groovy.sql.Sql &#xA;import com.eviware.soapui.support.GroovyUtils&#xA;&#xA;log.info(&quot;&quot;)&#xA;log.info(&quot;  init DB connection...&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;def scriptServer = &quot;db.db.test.db.db.ru&quot;&#xA;def scriptPassword = &quot;password&quot;&#xA;def scriptSid = &quot;oraSid&quot;&#xA;def scriptUsername = &quot;dbUser&quot;&#xA;def scriptDBport = &quot;1111&quot;&#xA;&#xA;com.eviware.soapui.support.GroovyUtils.registerJdbcDriver(&quot;oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver&quot;)&#xA;sql = Sql.newInstance(&quot;jdbc:oracle:thin:@${scriptServer }:${scriptDBport}:${scriptSid}&quot;, &quot;${scriptUsername}&quot;, &quot;${scriptPassword}&quot;, &quot;oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver&quot;) &#xA;&#xA;def queryUserId= &quot;&quot; +&#xA;&quot;select userId from &quot; +&#xA;&quot;  (select userId from &quot; +&#xA;&quot;  users_table &quot; +&#xA;&quot;  where age between 21 and 80 and driver_licence = 1&quot;&#xA;&quot;  order by dbms_random.value) &quot; +&#xA;&quot;where rownum = 1&quot;&#xA;&#xA;def res = sql.firstRow(queryUserId)&#xA;def user_id = res[0].toString()&#xA;&#xA;testRunner.testCase.setPropertyValue( &quot;user_id&quot; , user_id)&#xA;&#xA;sql.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then use these variables (as SoapUI castom properties) in generation of requests &amp;amp; assertions of responses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ServiceProperties&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;UserId&amp;gt;${#TestCase#user_id}&amp;lt;/UserId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ServiceProperties&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T12:23:31.787" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T12:23:31.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26079" CreationDate="2017-03-15T12:23:33.483" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, the &lt;strong&gt;Page Object Model is a &lt;em&gt;design pattern&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which helps to avoid repeated code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;Framework is a code &lt;em&gt;platform&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; providing a base set of generic functionality and guidelines for implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You &lt;strong&gt;implement design patterns within frameworks&lt;/strong&gt; - so you might use a keyword-driven framework with the Page Object Model, for example. Or a hybrid framework with a repository pattern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, the Page Object Model is &lt;em&gt;framework-agnostic&lt;/em&gt; because it can be used with many different frameworks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T12:23:33.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26123" CreationDate="2017-03-15T12:33:36.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see two major aspects to the situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether you have the ability to reset your environment at the beginning of each test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether you need to be able to test multiple signups in a single run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can reset your environment, Niels' first solution is the way to go. If that isn't practical, or if you have to test multiple signups in one test run (e.g. as part of a load test, or your test run includes verifying that a unique email address will be accepted and a duplicate one will not), you can use your planned solution - which you can do as a simple method (pseudocode, since I'm not a Python expert)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def generate_email(test_number):&#xA;    return 'name' + str(test_number) + '@gmail.com'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="16408" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T06:53:22.810" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T06:53:22.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26132" CreationDate="2017-03-15T13:15:11.277" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I search for info on testing, all I seem to find is TDD/BDD workflow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a test for a basic functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run and watch if fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run tests again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix code if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rinse/repeat until all tests are green&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's the workflow for pre-existing code? Do I write the test with the intention that it will pass with the code that already exists? Do I do steps 1 and 2 without thinking about the code, and then on 3 I fix the code so it will pass the test? I will be using RSpec, and I have implemented behavior and unit tests before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This project has existed for around 2 years and it has zero tests. I'm a bit overwhelmed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24611" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-15T20:42:11.537" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T20:42:11.537" Title="What's the 'workflow' for writing tests for existing code with zero tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;rspec&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;&lt;ruby-on-rails&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26130" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T13:23:05.560" Score="1" ViewCount="2780" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble dealing with modal popup windows in selenium (webdriver java).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void setScoring() {&#xA;    try {&#xA;        Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; popUp = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;        Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = popUp.iterator();&#xA;        String parent = it.next();&#xA;        String child = it.next();&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(child);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button0&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;    } catch (org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException e) { }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to run this code only if a popup is present (let say every third run), but this code does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24613" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T20:53:33.613" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T20:53:33.613" Title="java selenium check if modal popup present" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-15T13:30:38.740" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution for Python 3:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options&#xA;chrome_options = Options()&#xA;chrome_options.add_argument(&quot;--disable-infobars&quot;)&#xA;browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path = path_to_chromedriver,chrome_options=chrome_options)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24614" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-04T08:38:28.060" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T08:38:28.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26129" CreationDate="2017-03-15T14:38:56.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Technical Debt&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a described a situation where there is a lot of technical debt from having no tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;My approach would be:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Change things for all code (new or updated) going forward to have tests.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't just mean 'require tests', it will mean investing in lots of education, training and introduction of a changed development philosophy and supporting processes.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Currently folks are writing functionality without tests and that is a huge thing to change that will require a lot of effort from all involved.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;You may need a coach or contractor who can help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is hard to fully describe the feelings I've had going from before with no tests (terrified of breaking stuff, clueless if I'm breaking stuff) to after with good tests (safe, secure, protected, covered, calm).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Use a code coverage tool to list what needs testing in the codebase&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;codecov and code climate are 2 examples here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Enter tickets for the technical debt tests&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to balance them against new feature/bug development&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Use local linting tools&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For ruby, rubocop&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Use a CI environment to run the test suites&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;consider having some technical debt weeks to address the untested code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Figure out which Unit, Integrated and User Acceptance tests should be written&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One route might be to start with User Acceptance tests using RSpec and capybara against a real browser.  This gives you immediate end-to-end testing of all the components.  Then I would probably focus on model tests which is where your business logic should be grouped, finally doing controller tests as integration testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More on the Testing Pyramid and the Quandrants of Agile testing at &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/23396/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/23396/8992&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T18:39:29.090" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26133" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T14:46:22.927" Score="2" ViewCount="1348" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will switch to CodedUI from UFT for test automation and don't want to stay with VB any more. I am learning C# from Pluralsight currently and wondering how much and what level I should complete to be able to comfortably start CodedUI test development?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestion will be appreciated, especially someone has come from the similar situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9388" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T18:41:52.620" Title="How much C# should I learn in order to work with CodedUI?" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26133" CreationDate="2017-03-15T15:06:56.773" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are concerned about learning too much, you are doing it WRONG. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more you learn, the easier it will be for you to solve common problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are getting questions DAILY here which would be solved trivially by having some (very little) programming experience - which is very obviously missing. And in some cases, even willingness to learn is missing. Possibly not in your case, so I decided to write an answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Common &quot;rule of thumb&quot; says it takes 10K hours to master something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But also &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pareto principle&lt;/a&gt; says 80% of anything is irrelevant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be competent programmer, you need to learn few very different languages. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/avg.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blub Paradox&lt;/a&gt; is term describing how less-skilled programmer looks at more advanced languages, and why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If learning Lisp is too much for you, try Python AND JavaScript. Hint: JavaScript is Lisp with C syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you apply both 10K hours rule and Pareto principle: You can learn new language much faster, if you have the experience to tell which parts of the new language are same or can be ignored. But to gain this experience, you need to learn few languages before that, so...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no experience with CodedUI, but IMHO all the attempts to replace programmers and creating some magical UI allowing users to generate code are doomed for failure. I have personal experience with one such system/framework: Fit/FitNesse. Idea was to provide users with table-like language so they can write tests. It never happened, so programmers ended up writing code is bad limited DSL (domain-specific language) instead of the one they already mastered.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Blog/The-Problems-With-Acceptance-Testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Why Fit failed&lt;/a&gt; - and yes, we still have to maintain many test written in bad DSL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avoid that, use real language, they are free and make you more productive beyond first learning curve. At minimum, allow you to use Page Object design pattern, increasing QA test engineer productivity immensely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenspun%27s_tenth_rule&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Greenspun's tenth rule&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any sufficiently complicated C or Fortran program contains an ad-hoc, informally-specified, bug-ridden, slow implementation of half of Common Lisp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So instead of such half-implemented DSL (CodedUI, FitNesse), programmers prefer to have full (Turing-complete) language, which they can enhance as requirements evolve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T18:41:52.620" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T18:41:52.620" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26135" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T16:55:49.823" Score="1" ViewCount="684" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to get a better understanding about Selenium Framework. Is it true that &quot;framework&quot; in this context is not the same as DataDriven/KeyworkDriven/Hybrid framework? In other words, these three framework are only a piece of the puzzle when you design framework for the entire project and where can I see code example on the web?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T06:54:22.433" Title="Designing Selenium Framework" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26135" CreationDate="2017-03-15T18:46:08.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Peter commented, Selenium is a library not a framework. You can use the Selenium library to build your own framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I created a framework that uses *Unit(JUnit for Java and NUnit C#), Selenium 3, the Page Object Model, and Grid. Each link (below) has a step-by-step guide and a GitHub repo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://timothycope.com/java-selenium-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java Framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://timothycope.com/c-selenium-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;C# Framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T18:46:08.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26140" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26143" CreationDate="2017-03-15T19:41:22.753" Score="8" ViewCount="1501" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a bit confused by security audit and security testing, do they not both test against security holes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the differences between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2020-11-12T11:21:29.973" Title="The difference between security audit and security testing" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26140" CreationDate="2017-03-15T19:44:44.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An &amp;quot;audit&amp;quot; by nature implies a third party outside of the functionally responsible party is performing an independent assessment on whatever.  So a security audit would be an external party doing that.  Security testing could be for development/penetration/boundary/audit/etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, I would hope that the security testing performed is matching up with what the security audit will be targeting.  Usually, an audit is there to certify approval and maintain consistency with regards to security.  You don't want to let security be approved once and then get lax, so they periodically audit security to ensure that proper patching and upgrades have taken place to keep the system/application secure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The terms of your question are generic, if you have more specific terms like penetration testing, vulnerability assessment, various other approved certifications on application security then the nuances of those differences could be called out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-11-12T11:21:29.973" LastActivityDate="2020-11-12T11:21:29.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26140" CreationDate="2017-03-15T19:49:55.693" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Differences between security audit and security testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security audit is performed to look for security weaknesses in a company's security processes and infrastructure, while security testing comes with more technical focus.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security audit is testing something that is difficult to be tested directly (do passwords change on a regular basis?), while security testing normally has a direct approach (is a password too weak?).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Security audit and security testing share something in common as well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They have the same purpose and that is to locate vulnerability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For some companies, security testing can be part of security audit. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-15T19:49:55.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26140" CreationDate="2017-03-15T21:05:42.333" Score="3" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Frequency&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A security audit is either a one-off or infrequent, but scheduled, event such as annually or quarterly and is often done for compliance with regulations.  It may also be required to be performed by a different group than those who write the software and the security tests that go with it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Security testing is a constant on-going practice, ideally done for each change in the software as part of application development and/or as part of the code that handles security aspects such as authentication and authorization.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-19T00:30:08.917" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T00:30:08.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26145" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-15T22:35:50.550" Score="2" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not fully sure how to fully build Continuous Integration for Selenium project, so I would like to ask the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it true that the only difference between a Maven project and a&#xA;Java project is that in the former all the dependencies reside in&#xA;POM file, whereas in later all the dependencies are located within a&#xA;separate LIB folder?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How POM is important for Maven project other than it stores dependencies? At first I thought that Maven and POM are only important for Selenium project to store dependencies, but I was asked that on an interview. Is there more to it than just storing dependencies?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why when you push your changes from the local GIT repository to main repository, it is not Continuous integration yet and you also need to do a job in Jenkins for that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T01:55:19.410" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T15:51:26.847" Title="CI for Selenium Project" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20287" CreationDate="2017-03-16T05:06:39.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a test in &lt;code&gt;unittest&lt;/code&gt;, right? (guessing so by the method name)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, you could use &lt;code&gt;assertTrue()&lt;/code&gt;, and check is the text in one of the expected values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_web_interface(self):&#xA;    self.driver.get(DEST_URL)&#xA;    titles = ( 'Apache HTTP Server Test Page powered by CentOS',  'Apache2 Debian Default Page: It works')&#xA;    self.assertTrue(self.driver.title in titles)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if my &lt;code&gt;unittest&lt;/code&gt; guess was not correct, you could use the regular python &lt;code&gt;assert&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assert self.driver.title in titles&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16408" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T05:06:39.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26147" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26153" CreationDate="2017-03-16T05:49:27.283" Score="1" ViewCount="956" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LCgNc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LCgNc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As on the image I have few elements on the &lt;code&gt;POMLogin.java&lt;/code&gt; class (which i think I am following POM).&#xA;And I need to access these elements from another class which is &lt;code&gt;jUnitLogintest.java&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How am i going to access the elements from other class?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Am i following correct approach of POM?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T09:24:19.083" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T16:17:49.323" Title="How to use properties (element locators) from another class" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26096" CreationDate="2017-03-16T05:54:37.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In xpath creation, we can use logical OR condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath1 = By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='gamepackage-game-information']/article/div/div[2]/span&quot; | .//*[@id='gamepackage-game-information']/article/div/div[1]/figure/figcaption/div)).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it solves your problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T05:54:37.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26149" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-16T06:49:47.463" Score="2" ViewCount="8874" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scenario: After filling the form, mail will be send to some people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I validate whether mail(gmail, outlook,etc ..)has been send or not.          &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can we check whether TO , CC , Subject and content where provided correctly. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can we automate these functionality with Selenium WebDrivers? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24626" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T09:04:26.903" LastActivityDate="2019-09-13T16:53:09.837" Title="Sending and Verifying emails(all types) with selenium webDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26123" CreationDate="2017-03-16T06:58:08.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To iterate the same as in the other answers - the mist solid approach is to start from a known (clean) state of the system, test the sign up, and wipe all modifications at the end.&#xA;Thus you can construct a known dataset, that will cover all the cases to test - normal emails, with dots, apostrophes, long, negative tests, etc.&#xA;There should be a way to clean the accounts - sql, API, UI deleted as last resort, and when you have it, just add it at the end of the suite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Suite Teardown    Delete All Test Accounts&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this (uncalled for :) preaching/lecture, to you original question - constructing unique emails; two possible implementations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first is with a keyword which returns an email, having as unique part the current timestamp:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Return Unique Email Address&#xA;    [Documentation]   Returns a pseudo-unique email address. Optional arguments - prefix for the username, and domain&#xA;    [Arguments]    ${prefix}=user    ${domain}=test.com&#xA;&#xA;    ${unique}=    Get Current Date    result_format=epoch&#xA;&#xA;    # the current value is a float, where the part after the dot is the milliseconds - multiply by 1000, and cast to int,  then - string&#xA;    ${unique}=    Convert To Integer    ${unique * 1000}&#xA;    ${unique}=    Convert To String    ${unique}&#xA;    ${result}=    Set Variable    ${prefix}${unique}@${domain}&#xA;&#xA;    [Return]    ${result}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The keyword uses &lt;code&gt;Get Current Date&lt;/code&gt; from the &lt;code&gt;DateTime&lt;/code&gt; library, so be sure to import it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will return different emails if called in different milliseconds (in my observations, the robotframework overhead for simple keywords like this is at least 3ms, so it's good enough), and can be used like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;Sign-up test 1&#xA;    # will produce something like &quot;user1489646683123@test.com&quot;&#xA;    ${email}=   Return Unique Email&#xA;&#xA;    # do your normal sign-up steps&#xA;&#xA;    # will produce something like &quot;me1489646694123@gmail.com&quot;&#xA;    ${email}=   Return Unique Email    me    gmail.com&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second approach is to use a random string; just change this in the keyword:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ${unique}=    Generate Random String    12   [LETTERS]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;, and it will return a random gibberish, 12 charters long (this comes from the &lt;code&gt;String&lt;/code&gt; library).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a (slight) possibly of collision in the 2nd approach, and you could increase the entropy by going with a bigger number - but overall, it will produce much less human-friendly (and nice to look at :) emails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16408" LastEditorUserId="16408" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T07:57:20.343" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T07:57:20.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26133" CreationDate="2017-03-16T08:33:19.893" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;CodedUI generates code with record and playback. Most C# you will need is to change that code. I would &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dotnetcurry.com/visualstudio/1055/hand-codedui-test-visual-studio-2013&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;handcode CodedUI tests&lt;/a&gt; and use the recorded as a helper for ideas how you can reach and interact with elements. Also if you are testing web-applications I would research if Selenium is not a better pick, as CodedUI is badly documented and not many people are using it, making it harder to get help on StackExchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think programming fundamentals are more important than deep knowledge of C#. How you structure your code to be readable/understandable, maintainable and extendable will be of more value. Most of this is not language dependent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still do keep learning, here some books I would read about code structure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.amazon.com/Clean-Code-Handbook-Software-Craftsmanship/dp/0132350882&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0135974445&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.amazon.com/Software-Development-Principles-Patterns-Practices/dp/0135974445/ref=sr_1_3?s=books&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1489653146&amp;amp;sr=1-3&amp;amp;keywords=robert+c+martin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These will also help you to teach developers better coding practises as a QA engineer in a team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T08:33:19.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26149" CreationDate="2017-03-16T09:09:09.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, you cannot use Selenium for email testing. Unless you also want to login into a web-based email provider with Selenium. You could send emails to something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailtrap.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mailtrap&lt;/a&gt; and check the mail with their &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.mailtrap.apiary.io/#&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think testing that email are sent is something you need to check in your back-end integration tests. Not in the end2end UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup a local in memory SMTP server, configure the code to use it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trigger the backend to fire the send-email event&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the SMTP server got the email, retrieve it and check its contents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And example can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.tradeshift.com/email-integration-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blog.tradeshift.com/email-integration-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T09:09:09.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26147" CreationDate="2017-03-16T09:15:51.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can make the class Static: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javatpoint.com/static-keyword-in-java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.javatpoint.com/static-keyword-in-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then add a getter method &lt;code&gt;getUsername()&lt;/code&gt; to return the &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you could use it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By username = POMLogin.getUsername();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, it is not following the POM correctly. You should always instantiate the class with new. Also I think PageObjects should return page objects. Your login page would return the page after login. Also the tests or other PageObject should not know the internal elements of another page. You should use the actions to interact with the page. An example loginTest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Arrange&#xA;User admin = new User(&quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;Page loginPage = new POMLogin();&#xA;Page pageAfterLogin = loginPage.authenticate(admin.username, admin.password);&#xA;&#xA;// Act&#xA;Boolean result = pageAfterLogin.checkLogoutButtonIsVisible();&#xA;&#xA;// Assert&#xA;Assert.True(result)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java is not my main language there could be better ways (an errors in my example code), maybe ask on StackOverflow, this question is a bit off-topic here as it is a programming question, not a testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read this about getting variables from a class without a getter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/java-properties-without&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dzone.com/articles/java-properties-without&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T09:21:28.640" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T09:21:28.640" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26145" CreationDate="2017-03-16T09:45:39.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maven&lt;/strong&gt; is most used as build and dependency management tool. The pom.xml is its configuration file, which also contains the dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Apache Maven is a software project management and comprehension tool.&#xA;  Based on the concept of a project object model (POM), Maven can manage&#xA;  a project's build, reporting and documentation from a central piece of&#xA;  information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://maven.apache.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do not need Maven, but it just makes building the application and (test-)reporting easier. You could do everything with plain Java technically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Git&lt;/strong&gt; is just a version control system, pushing code to a version control system does not integrate it. It just manages code merges, but not if it works integrated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Continuous integration&lt;/strong&gt; jobs monitor a version control system and when a code change occurs it retrieves the changes and builds the system. Afterwards you could run unit-tests or deploy it to a test-environment to run Selenium-tests against it. Its primary goal is to verify the code builds and no developers are blocked when pulling the latest code from version control. The second feature is to run the automated-tests to check the code did not break some functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The total flow looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developer pushed code changes to a git-repository&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins pulls the code changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins fires a job that fires a Maven command which:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pulls the latest dependencies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;builds the Java application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;runs the unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins deploys to a test-environment (this step might not be optional, depending on how the Selenium-tests start the application)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins runs a (Maven) command to start the Selenium-tests against the test-environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T09:45:39.220" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26327" CreationDate="2017-03-16T10:30:29.787" Score="2" ViewCount="973" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating a Tablet application using Appium + Java.&#xA;In a screen, I have 100+ fields (Textbox + Dropdown) to automate which has scroll view. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To automate those 100+ fields, I have listed down all the IDs(of those textbox and dropdown in that screen) along with the test Cases and Test Data in separate Excel sheets.&#xA;My code runs in a loop, picks Test Case, its Data and relevant ID and executes.&#xA;So, my code looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    loop : for(int j = 1; j &amp;lt;= fieldCount; j++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        objElementRepositoryLibrary.setElementRepositoryDataLibrary(j);&#xA;&#xA;        switch(ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementType()) {&#xA;&#xA;        case &quot;AutoPopulated&quot;:&#xA;            System.out.println(ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue() + &quot; is Autopopulated&quot;);&#xA;            break;&#xA;&#xA;        case &quot;Dropdown&quot;: &#xA;            ElementOperation.checkElementState(qdeDriver, ElementRepositoryLibrary.getLocator(), ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue());&#xA;&#xA;            if(ElementOperation.ElementAcceess.equals(false))&#xA;                System.out.println(ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue() + &quot; is disabled&quot;);&#xA;            else&#xA;                objElementOperation.dropdownSelectListner(qdeDriver, ElementRepositoryLibrary.getLocator(), ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue(), field[0][j-1]);&#xA;            break;&#xA;&#xA;        case &quot;Button&quot;:&#xA;            ElementOperation.checkElementState(qdeDriver, ElementRepositoryLibrary.getLocator(), ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue());&#xA;&#xA;            if(ElementOperation.ElementAcceess.equals(false)) {&#xA;                System.out.println(ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue() + &quot; is disabled&quot;);&#xA;                break loop;&#xA;            }&#xA;            else if(field[0][j-1].equals(&quot;&quot;))&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Checking for Null value&quot;);&#xA;            else if(field[0][j-1].equals(&quot;Yes&quot;) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; ElementRepositoryLibrary.getFieldName().equals(&quot;QR Scanner&quot;))&#xA;                objElementOperation.buttonClickListner(qdeDriver, ElementRepositoryLibrary.getLocator(), ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue());&#xA;            else if(ElementRepositoryLibrary.getFieldName().contains(&quot;Capture Document&quot;))&#xA;                objElementOperation.captureDocument(qdeDriver, ElementRepositoryLibrary.getLocator(), ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue());&#xA;                break;&#xA;&#xA;        default :&#xA;            objElementOperation.textboxSetListner(qdeDriver, ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementType(), ElementRepositoryLibrary.getLocator(), &#xA;                    ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue(), field[0][j-1]);&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }   &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISSUE: After filling few(say 7) fields, it is giving me &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; because I have to scroll in the screen to move to the next fields(It goes like: screen contains 7 fields &amp;amp; you have to scroll to view the fields below and &lt;strong&gt;automator&lt;/strong&gt; will nor recognize the &lt;code&gt;element&lt;/code&gt; until it is viewed in the screen).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I had tried is, I did &lt;code&gt;catch&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; and performed Scroll operation. But it is not the proper way to do because if the element which has been searched is not present in actual, then also it will catch &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; and perform scroll operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggest some good way to eliminate this issue. Let me know if any detail needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T07:10:50.193" Title="Scrolling in Appium" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26159" CreationDate="2017-03-16T10:43:35.573" Score="1" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Thanks the_coder&#xA;As he explained ;&#xA; I have add some lines to my PageObject class.&#xA;And then use them on the same class.&#xA;Then call the login method from my test by creating an object reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But i was getting the following error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which was resolved by adding the following constructor to the Page object class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public POMLogin()&#xA;{&#xA;  PageFactory.initElements(jUnitLogintest.driver, this);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sd9Wg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sd9Wg.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T04:24:41.850" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T04:24:41.850" Title="Using POM with java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26157" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-16T10:45:00.947" Score="3" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in appium in ubuntu pc. There is a duplicate annotation error in my code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   public class ChainViewPageObjects {&#xA;&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(className = &amp;quot;android.widget.ScrollView&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;container2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;textView&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;container2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;textView&amp;quot;)&#xA;    public MobileElement views;&#xA;&#xA;    @HowToUseLocators(androidAutomation = ALL_POSSIBLE, iOSAutomation = ALL_POSSIBLE)&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(className = &amp;quot;fakeID1&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;fakeID2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;container2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSFindBy(className = &amp;quot;fakeID1&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;fakeID2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;container2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    public MobileElement allPossibleView;&#xA;&#xA;    @HowToUseLocators(androidAutomation = ALL_POSSIBLE, iOSAutomation = ALL_POSSIBLE, iOSXCUITAutomation = ALL_POSSIBLE)&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(className = &amp;quot;fakeID1&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;fakeID2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @AndroidFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;container2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSFindBy(className = &amp;quot;fakeID1&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;fakeID2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSFindBy(uiAutomator = &amp;quot;scrollViews().firstWithPredicate(\&amp;quot;value CONTAINS 'View one' \&amp;quot;)&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSXCUITFindBy(iOSNsPredicate = &amp;quot;label contains 'View one'&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSXCUITFindBy(className = &amp;quot;fakeID1&amp;quot;)&#xA;    @iOSXCUITFindBy(accessibility = &amp;quot;fakeID2&amp;quot;)&#xA;    public MobileElement locatorUsage;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error:(3, 33) java: cannot find symbol&#xA;  symbol:   class ChainViewPageObjects&#xA;  location: package com.wordpress.pageobjects&#xA;Error:(16, 12) java: cannot find symbol&#xA;  symbol:   class ChainViewPageObjects&#xA;  location: class com.wordpress.pages.ChainViewPage&#xA;Error:(20, 36) java: cannot find symbol&#xA;  symbol:   class ChainViewPageObjects&#xA;  location: class com.wordpress.pages.ChainViewPage&#xA;/home/naveen/IdeaProjects/Appium-master/src/test/java/com/wordpress/pageobjects/NotificationPageObjects.java&#xA;Error:(18, 5) java: repeated annotations are not supported in -source {0}&#xA;  (use -source 8 or higher to enable repeated annotations)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:32:09.620" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:32:09.620" Title="Duplicate annotation Error in appium" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-16T11:00:34.097" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried using :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions option = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;option.AddArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver(browserFolder);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it did not dismiss the pop-up. I'm using selenium webdriver with C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24635" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T11:29:41.800" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T11:29:41.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26156" CreationDate="2017-03-16T11:04:11.603" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to create methods (actions to be done on the elements) in your page object like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page Object&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class POMLogin&#xA;{&#xA; // Web Elements&#xA;&#xA; public void login()&#xA; {&#xA;   UsernameTxtBox.sendKeys(&quot;x&quot;);&#xA;   PasswordTxtBox.sendKeys(&quot;y&quot;);&#xA;   ButtonLgn.click();&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And use the page objects in your test class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Class:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Pseudo code&#xA;import packagename.POMLogin;&#xA;public void TestClass&#xA;{&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void LoginCheck()&#xA;    {&#xA;      POMLogin pom = new POMLogin();&#xA;      pom.login();&#xA;     // Then perform your assert here&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code is just a pseudo code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T11:04:11.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20297" CreationDate="2017-03-16T11:08:00.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my opinion, most of the engineers in QA companies are creating a script on Chrome and other browsers, as Selenium web driver has some issue with EDGE browser in locating the web elements. Further, I have tried to run on EDGE browser and it is working fine on my machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below is the code to launch on EDGE browser:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver; &#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.edge.driver&quot;,&quot;&quot;MicrosoftWebdriver.exe path in your machine&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;your link&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note: Make sure that your system installed with MicrosoftWebdriver.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below are the Browser and System Info:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDGE Browser Version:25.10586.672.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OS: Windows 10 Pro&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium Version:2.53&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T06:20:42.573" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T06:20:42.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26096" CreationDate="2017-03-16T11:38:24.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our software testing company we encountered a similar situation and below worked for us. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath1)).isdisplayed){&#xA;return driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath1)).getText();&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;return driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath2)).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T11:38:24.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26155" CreationDate="2017-03-16T13:26:26.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scroll till the element having text. Try below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.scrollTo(&quot;Your partial text&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Approach 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;isFoundElement = driver.findElements(myElement).size() &amp;gt; 0;&#xA;while (!isFoundElement) {&#xA;  // do something&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastEditorUserId="18187" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T06:58:56.540" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T06:58:56.540" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26166" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26174" CreationDate="2017-03-16T13:58:34.387" Score="2" ViewCount="3105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been testing (manually) for over 11 years, but I have noticed now that almost every company want employees with automation experience and I would like to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question that I have is; what tool can I use to learn automation, for someone with no experience like me? Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24600" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T14:22:45.433" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T19:06:09.910" Title="No programming skills and want to learn automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-03-23T05:40:13.577" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26166" CreationDate="2017-03-16T14:06:22.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a manual tester and not particularly technical (I have no coding background except basic HTML). I was first introduced to &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; at my previous client and it's pretty simple to pick up. It only works with Firefox (so web applications only), but is a Record and Playback type of plug-in so you'll pick up the basics of automation pretty quick. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides that, I can only suggest you read books, use the software, learn a language and start from there. There's no better way of learning than doing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: This might be a duplication of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6742/what-do-i-need-to-start-from-zero-in-automated-testing&quot;&gt;What Do I Need to Start in Automated Testing?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T15:15:43.430" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26166" CreationDate="2017-03-16T14:34:28.343" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To learn automation you need to learn programming. No way around it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most programmers know more than one language, and use the one best fit for the job on hand. Learning multiple languages will also allow you to understand the difference between quirks of your first language and semantics of programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python is commonly considered as a best first language for beginners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, common wisdom says it takes 10K hours of effort to master something like new language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For programming, you need to have attention to detail. Computer does what your code says to do, not what you thought it say. From your post I have impression that you need to work on the paying attention to details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if English is not your first language, you should have learned that sentences start with capital letter and &quot;I&quot; is capitalized. Humans have no problem to understand mis-formatted text and even fix it for you, but computers are substantially less forgiving. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you need to consider if you want to invest 10K hours learning a skill where computer will hourly show you which details you forgot. Anybody can learn programming, but work all day as programmer is not for everybody. Do you like solving logical puzzles? Programming requires certain mindset to keep challenging your assumptions - do you have it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T14:34:28.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26169" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-16T14:39:57.713" Score="6" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to find the CSS attributes for website.&#xA;For eg: I have a testcase where I need to test the styling and design of a Button for webpage. How can I retrieve the elements, if for example I need find out the Size, Opacity, Colour for an element using Inspect element or firebug ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16774" LastActivityDate="2018-09-19T17:04:50.310" Title="Testing CSS styles and design elements of website" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;css&gt;&lt;firebug&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22927" CreationDate="2017-03-16T14:40:44.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just encountered that issue myself today and the only way I got it to work was to check &quot;Always clear this when I close the browser&quot; in Edge settings (and select the things that you want to clear).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that setting you will have clean session on each new driver initialization :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3Xf3A.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3Xf3A.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14914" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T16:32:11.730" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T16:32:11.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26135" CreationDate="2017-03-16T15:03:10.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So in designing a framework I usually do the following basic things and then custom tweak after that to match the user and app specific needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a singleton pattern for driver instantiation which sets the needed capabilities including consistent resolution (helps alot with web pages that are supposed to scale to multiple devices)  This can be parametized in a config file or passed variables from the test itself or statically set.  Browser type may also fit in there.  The root of the class is similar and if you utilize Grid you might start with RemoteWebDriver and then cast to the extenders of Firefox/IE/Chrome/etc...up to you though based on your specific setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second I abstract the element selection and the actions from the test themselves and usually utilize enums for the user to select the desired functionality via parameters and then pass in the needed variables for the map and any additional items.  This usually helps non-programming people understand the logic via reading text so then they only have to learn how to organize the text in the code structure within the test.  Intellisense also is great as it will show the enum and function options when you type the . which helps self document the guide.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I abstract the results and or errors depending on needs.  If you want more info than a selenium error or a unit test &quot;fail/pass&quot; you need to do this.  You catch errors and results and log them or throw them while including useful information such as map string and element attempted action etc... this points someone using the framework to the exact problem instead of just &quot;fail and look for it&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I put all the bells and whistles to whoever it's needed for and how much the budget supports.  I had the pleasure of doing a fully customized one with a web interface as well as CI connection with distributed testers that spit out nice html results and had persistent tests that reported all steps as pass/fail instead of just the test as a whole.  This was really fun, and not likely to be able to do one on that level again, but it's up to you and the needs and abilities of the individuals.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps some.  Post again if you run into specific issues in trying to implement something.  Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T15:03:10.500" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26169" CreationDate="2017-03-16T16:40:33.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cribbing from an answer from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7754469/export-css-of-dom-elements&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7754469/export-css-of-dom-elements&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Not a direct answer, but with Chrome Developer Tools, you can click&#xA;  inside Styles or Computed Styles, hit Ctrl+A and then Ctrl+C to copy&#xA;  all the styles in those given areas. It's not perfect in the Style tab&#xA;  because it picks up some extra stuff. Better than selecting them one&#xA;  by one I guess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/7756455/759517&quot;&gt;a javascript code answer&lt;/a&gt; there that's pretty slick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T16:40:33.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26166" CreationDate="2017-03-16T16:42:14.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On here you have various career individuals which is terrific for information sharing, but you need to &lt;strong&gt;zero in on your career path and end goal&lt;/strong&gt; and then focus on how to get from where you are to there.  As a current SQA Manager and one who has also been a developer, test engineer, automation engineer, business analyst, deployment/release manager I would offer the following breakdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual Tester Starting point&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;If you just want automation then I would start with a paid tool that does the heavy lifting for you.  There are a bunch of them and all have plus/minuses.  Here is one site to splinter from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingtools.com/test-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.testingtools.com/test-automation/&lt;/a&gt; and also check out the links listed on &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6742/what-do-i-need-to-start-from-zero-in-automated-testing&quot;&gt;what-do-i-need-to-start-from-zero-in-automated-testing&lt;/a&gt;.  The other thing to focus on is html specifically for web apps to understand the rendering of the page as tools read these and it's important to understand how they are being read.  This includes things like CSS, HTML, Javascript(references/calls, not the whole thing), SQL, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Going Deeper&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;After the above if you want to dig in behind the scenes or utilize a code library like Selenium, then you need to learn coding.  Optionally you can also utilize Sikuli &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt; which is free but written in a pythonish style and functions on image recognition which makes it easier to utilize than a straight code language approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Changing Careers or having a career hobby&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;If you want to be a full automation engineer and possibly a developer then start learning code and dive in 100%.  Please be aware though that there are multiple full time careers here.  Developer, Automation Engineer, SDET engineer, Test/SQA, others similar but variously named.  To be a great Test/SQA engineer you don't need to know how to program, but it would set you apart to know how to read code though.  The other career paths you need to know how to program with the focus being different.  Based on your 11 years of manual testing, I would assume that you want to boost your skills and not swap careers, so I would advise you to focus on how automation tools work and how the applications under test are built and work (html/css/javascript for web and likely unique technologies/libraries utilized and SQL/Oracle as well).  Basically don't sit back and only view GUI's but dive into and learn from your counterparts about the specifics of under the hood.  &lt;strong&gt;If you are in SQA and want to learn more and are surrounded by developers, find the people around you who know what you want to learn and be very curious and eager to learn.  Find what they do outside of work to keep skills current and emulate&lt;/strong&gt;.  Immersion is the best way to pick information &amp;amp; skills up and make them your own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.267" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T16:42:14.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14220" CreationDate="2017-03-16T18:01:28.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The above worked well, but it only works for brand new test cases. If you have test cases that already have a test ID, you have to copy and paste individual steps and results to each test case. I learned that the hard way!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24648" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T18:01:28.697" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26177" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-16T19:51:37.283" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;Within UFT Run Results View, I keep getting the following message blocking me from jumping to the line of code within UFT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use the (Jump to Step in Test) option, you must first open the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This option worked before....but can't seem to get it back.&#xA;Can anyone help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24650" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T19:51:37.283" Title="UFT Jump to Step" Tags="&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-18T03:42:37.547" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26178" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26240" CreationDate="2017-03-16T21:00:49.790" Score="15" ViewCount="3234" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fix all warnings and errors. Do not tolerate any error messages in your application logs but fix them as soon as they appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I first read a similar passage perhaps in 1999. Since then I have encountered the phrase &quot;fix all warnings and errors&quot; throughout the literature on code and testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who said this first? And since then, who (if anyone) has provided either anecdotal or (prefereably) empirical evidence that &quot;zero warnings and errors&quot; in a software application is beneficial?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FYI: OP is &quot;historian of software and particularly of software testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2991" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T14:41:29.050" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T17:41:45.323" Title="Fix All Warnings And Errors: what is the history of this code quality tactic?" Tags="&lt;logs&gt;&lt;debugging&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-16T21:16:28.557" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder if it is relevant who said it first. I expect it historically to be more in line with many different teams running into similar issues with warnings and errors before they wrote it down as a rule in a book. Who said it first will probably be a lot of separate people in different programming teams around the globe. I think this is a logical rule each individual team will eventually come-up with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason to fix all warnings and errors is because if you don't make a habit out of fixing them, you will be flooded with them. Probably causing you to ignore warnings and errors that might be relevant. Eventually you get a production issue because someone ignored them for to long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also during coding they flood your output making it harder to read or find the output you do need to read. Keeping one or two warnings or errors might not be a problem in the beginning, but it could set a standard to not fix them anymore at all. Leading to problems down the road.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen an error logging system which recorded over 200k errors in a week sometimes. When we had an issue that needed debugging it was very frustrating for the developers to go through all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same goes for warnings. Most warnings now-a-days are about deprecated functionality. If you don't remove them as soon as possible you cannot upgrade libraries. Possible leading to security issues and so on. If you would never fix the warnings, because they are optional, then you probably miss the important warnings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fixing one warning or an error is often easy, but fixing thousands will be a major effort. This might never get priority, because it is not fun to fix, nor has good business value. Possible making the mess even bigger over time. Keeping it under control seems like a sane advice :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clean code&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might also be another good time to advocate &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clean code&lt;/a&gt;. Clean code is code for humans, not computers. Robert Martin suggests that code should be optimised for readability, so that other humans can work in it easier. This has a lot of other advantages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for warnings and errors. They don't confuse the computers, those will do their job just fine with errors and warnings, just like they will execute messy code just fine. The thing is warnings and errors confuse humans. They will wonder why is it here? Should I do something with it? Who left it here? Is it here for reason? Can I also ignore it? Should I?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't let other developers do &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=double%20take&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;double-takes&lt;/a&gt;. Make it clear what the intent is and fix warnings and errors to prevent confusion and unneeded questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-16T23:06:55.577" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T23:06:55.577" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-16T21:45:20.357" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I totally agree with Neils, and I'd like to address the question of whether or not this post belongs on this Testing site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good testing starts long before any code is written, especially when it comes to the job of &lt;em&gt;preventing&lt;/em&gt; error and &lt;em&gt;simplifying&lt;/em&gt; future testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some basic testing principle apply regarless of the language used or application developed, One of these principles is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Complexity makes testing more difficult.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A tester faced with error messages is trying to deal with extra, unnecessary complexity—things to look at that have no relevance for the testing job. Get rid of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One potential counterargument: Failure to clean up error messages is often a sign that the developer coded in haste. Coding in haste is a recipe for making coding errors, so a lot of uncleared warning messages may be a clue for the testers, suggesting potential error-prone code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/errors&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Errors Book&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24652" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T21:45:20.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-16T23:08:50.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/097451408X&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Practices of an Agile Developer&lt;/a&gt;, Subramaniam &amp;amp; Hunt, 2006. Page 137 has this...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just because your compiler treats warnings lightly doesn't mean you should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Treat warnings as errors.&lt;/strong&gt; Checking in code with warnings is just as bad as checking in code with errors or code that fails its tests. No checked-in code should produce any warnings from the build tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching that phrase on &lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.co.nz/scholar?q=Fix%20all%20warnings%20and%20errors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/a&gt; turns up a couple of papers discussing static analysis tools and the merits of warning messages. Example; &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ai2-s2-pdfs.s3.amazonaws.com/295f/4ffa651675b22ae8e2f3f30b400330da0c69.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A few billion lines of code later&lt;/a&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4996" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-16T23:17:37.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-17T00:02:56.797" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I probably first encountered this in the perl community, where the advice to use warnings &quot;all&quot;; and use strict; is so common.  My guess is that I first read this in &quot;effective perl programming&quot; by Randal Schwartz - looks like it is on page 146. That book was published in 1998.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have had a lot of success with that approach for pointed and small programs, and a few large but batch-mode (&quot;IT Shop Processing&quot;) applications. A few things I would note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) This makes you very dependent on your code libraries. If you use libraries that throw off warnings and errors, you are hoser-ed. (I can use that term, it's basically my last name.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) It also makes you very dependent on your infrastructure. If you want to see no warnings and errors in your server logs, you'll have to be building a rock-solid app on a rock-solid tech stack. This would never work, for example, on early versions of Ruby On Rails -- the underlying software was simply not solid enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Conclusion: This might work fine on your little EDI-To-EDI conversion script. However, the wider you spread it, the thinner it gets - try no errors or warnings in your fortune 500 data center and see how far that gets you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, while you might never get there, nearly all the clients I've worked with could benefit from moving in that direction. In fact, most of them have so many errors and warnings they routinely ignore that entire categories of software exist to monitor logs and tell you when NO REALLY, THIS ONE you should pay attention to. Some of them use AI or machine learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most cases, it's possible to reduce the number of spurious and silly warnings we can ignore by a factor of ten or more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that, my friends, is a challenge worth accepting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24654" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T00:02:56.797" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18297" CreationDate="2017-03-17T01:16:41.290" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason that you're seeing this is because the AJAX event has to make the roundtrip and doesn't immediately appear on the DOM, although you attempt to findElement on it immediately after entering the name. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My favorite method of handling this is to use Selenium's built-in waits with an ExpectedConditions check. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try adding the following after entering the following after kicking off the AJAX trigger:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);&#xA;String availabilityText = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='CredentialsInputPane']/fieldset/div[2]/div/div[3]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;boolean isAvailable = availabilityText.contains(&quot;is available&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will tell Selenium to continue polling the DOM for the element that displays the availability text for up to 15 seconds. Upon locating it, the element gets stored to our &lt;code&gt;availabilityText&lt;/code&gt; variable and the execution will continue and we can evaluate the retrieved text. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also:&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/ExpectedConditions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ExpectedConditions Java API&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriver Advanced Usage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18682" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T01:16:41.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27669" CreationDate="2017-03-17T01:34:30.413" Score="5" ViewCount="2767" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am starting on my first large scale python project and I want to put the right testing package in place not only to get the job done but also so when hiring people down the road it's easy to find developers familiar with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am curious what python unit testing packages are available and what their community adoption rates are, but I particularly want to know the advantages and disadvantages of them so I can make the best choice for my project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24353" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T12:14:12.520" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T03:50:28.890" Title="Pros and cons of python unit testing packages" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26184" CreationDate="2017-03-17T02:16:48.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what python unit testing packages are available and what their community adoption rates are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very interesting question, it will be hard to provide a precious answer on their adoption rates, but from my personal experience, python unit testing frameworks on the markets are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unittest, also known as PyUnit. It is a very popular generic test framework. &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/2/library/unittest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;unittest doc&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestOOB, an extended version of unittest, &lt;a href=&quot;http://testoob.sourceforge.net/examples.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestOOB link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nose, this is a very interesting testing framework. &lt;a href=&quot;http://ivory.idyll.org/articles/nose-intro.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nose introduction link&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://pythontesting.net/framework/nose/nose-introduction/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;An extended introduction on Nose&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The three test frameworks should provide you with enough to cover any testing project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T02:16:48.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-17T02:27:19.820" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;One part of the Ruby on Rails history over the last ten years is that frequently changes are marked with deprecation warning messages in one version before backward compatibility is removed altogether in the next version.  So experienced folks in this community have learn to ignore those warnings at their peril.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over 30 years my personal experience has been that they grew over time and eventually get to a point where there is too much noise and too little signal and you don't know what warnings to be concerned about - especially for newer folks joining the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T02:27:19.820" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26187" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-17T02:56:23.153" Score="0" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had been assigned to do a Research and Implement Gatling tool in our company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone who can share there experience about the tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12282" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T01:26:52.317" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T01:26:52.317" Title="Gatling: Load Testing for dummies" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;gatling&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-03-18T03:42:53.930" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26188" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-17T02:59:33.497" Score="1" ViewCount="1519" Body="&lt;p&gt;In c# i always use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; `IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; SearchResult1 = Setup.driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;div.comma.line&quot;));` &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and i access the &lt;code&gt;SearchResult1&lt;/code&gt;  by SearchResult1[0] or SearchResult1 [].&#xA;It allow me to click on the &lt;code&gt;SearchResult1[0]&lt;/code&gt; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how am i going to do this in Java.&#xA;I have this list and cant access the list by its index number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; matches = TopLayer.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;li&quot;));&#xA;matches[0]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im getting an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T06:04:30.170" Title="Working with List&lt;webdriver&gt; java and c#" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26189" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26188" CreationDate="2017-03-17T03:36:28.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For list iterator use below loop&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for ( WebElement we: matches ) { &#xA;   //Do something &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or you can: &lt;code&gt;matches.get(0);&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;matches.get(1);&lt;/code&gt; and so on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19250" LastEditorUserId="18187" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T06:04:30.170" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T06:04:30.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26188" CreationDate="2017-03-17T04:32:09.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Array can be access by its index like &lt;code&gt;matches[0], matches[1]&lt;/code&gt; while List is a ordered collection in Java. To access or add elements in list by using &lt;code&gt;matches.get(index)&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;matches.add(value)&lt;/code&gt; methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer how to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://beginnersbook.com/2014/08/arraylist-in-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;list in Java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T04:32:09.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26068" CreationDate="2017-03-17T04:33:47.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most solid approach would be to render it, and see what's the style; and that's easier than it sounds :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a Javascript method &lt;code&gt;getComputedStyle&lt;/code&gt; which should do the heavy lifting for you - it returns literally what its name says, the element's styling after all css is applied.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sample js code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var elem = document.getElementById(&quot;myID&quot;);&#xA;var weight_value = window.getComputedStyle(elem, null).getPropertyValue(&quot;font-weight&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So wrap the page opening in Selenium, start a headless browser (phantomjs should be the easiest, FF in xvfb), execute the js and you'll have it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't go down the road of parsing the html and the style sheets yourself - the possible combinations and caveats are mind-boggling (ex: are you sure you will handle the case where bold was set for your target element's class, but is explicitly overriden for that tag further in the css? Or for the tag, only when its parent is another specific tag?).&#xA;That is the domain and the main purpose of the browsers' engines, leave it to them :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16408" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T04:33:47.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26187" CreationDate="2017-03-17T06:12:39.917" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this &lt;a href=&quot;http://automationrhapsody.com/performance-testing-with-gatling/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; should be a nice start. It has a step by step description of how to use Gatling and also pictorial representation helps a lot in understanding. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This link also would help you in getting &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.baeldung.com/introduction-to-gatling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;acquainted&lt;/a&gt; with Gatling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T06:12:39.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25813" CreationDate="2017-03-17T06:19:16.593" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you start the execution on a remote machine, it is literally that - a different machine, which has no knowledge or access to the files on your local - it has its own filesystem, and your script tells it &quot;set the filename to the local hard disk, the user directory concatenated with this subpath&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see you're using a hub, so - presumably - this is an on-prem environment on which you have control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here are three solutions, from the least preferable, to the most.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1 - local copies&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see you're using a system var user.dir - copy the files to it, and they will resolve. On every hub node. You are in for a lot of copying. When the system user used for starting the hub node changes - you are in for a lot of copying. When a file is changed, or a new one is added to the dataset - well, you get my point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros - well, it's a solution.&#xA;Cons - pretty much, everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2 - shared location&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the presumption access is available to the hub, create a network share, mount it on all hub machines with &lt;strong&gt;the same uri&lt;/strong&gt; - for example &lt;code&gt;\\auto-shares&lt;/code&gt;, and use it as the base in the script. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one-time setup (don't forget to do it for new nodes); &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;presumably fast transfer speed; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no extra changes for the test harness system (see option 3). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;access required;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;doesn'the scale optimally;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can't be used for cloud hubs (cons #1)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 3 - download the needed files&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This one might seem tricky at first, but in general is the most robust. In summary, before starting the test, download the needed files from a know internet location, to user.dir - thus the tests will always find it. This is best done on run initialization/setup level - if it fails, no need to run the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The location can be anything you can get your hands on (and control) - a test http server accessible from outside, the corp site :), or even a file sharing service (generally, not a good idea...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;applicable to practically everything; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can be used for cloud hubs (browserstack for sure allows saving files locally during a run);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set-and-forget (in theory :) - there's always maintenance involved). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;requires well-thought out changes to the test harness/framework; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you'll be downloading the files by the browser (and you should, so this works in cloud hubs), they have to be started with profiles for automatic file download and overwriting; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;security- and I cannot stress this high enough - the files should not contain and secret/private/proprietary information, as they are publicly accessible by definition.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16408" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T06:19:16.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-17T09:18:00.620" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;An early tool which generated warnings, with the intention to have them fixed by the programmer as if they were errors, was Lint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stephen Johnson. Lint, a C program checker. Computer Science Technical Report 65, Bell Laboratories, December 1977.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference shamelessly copied from: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lint_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lint_(software)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the mentioned article does not explicitly say &quot;fix all warnings&quot;. However, it suggests that it is desirable to achieve a clean run (no warnings produced) by providing a way to remove erroneous warnings (caused by bugs or shortcomings of Lint) to achieve the goal of a clean run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am, however, not aware if there were earlier tools with a similar intention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24659" LastEditorUserId="24659" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T09:29:42.263" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T09:29:42.263" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-17T14:54:43.480" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If anything, it was the reverse of this -- the culture started letting errors and warnings &lt;em&gt;stay in&lt;/em&gt;, more and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in punch card days, access to the punch card machines to read your deck of cards -- program -- was limited, often very expensive, and the deck often had to go through &quot;verifiers,&quot; people who looked it over for errors. Even with a lightly loaded system, it could take an hour or more to run a deck, find an error, fix it, and resubmit the deck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So programmers learned to catch the errors by eye, and never even submit anything that would cause an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I learned to program in the early 1980s, and started work in 1985, punch card days were just about over (I punched and ran one deck -- ever -- as part of the training of student staff for the Bryn Mawr computer center.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, mid-career programmers at that time came from that background, and everyone treated warnings with real seriousness -- you simply didn't leave them in, never mind errors. It was a bit of a shock to encounter warnings that &lt;em&gt;did&lt;/em&gt; have to be left in -- and you damn well knew, when you did, why you couldn't fix them, and how and why they wouldn't cause problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean, why have warnings if they don't mean something?  And they very often do: WARNING: DO THIS CARELESS DECLARATION AND YOU WILL RANDOMLY OVERWRITE IMPORTANT BITS OF MEMORY. Though IIRC, Visual C++ in the late 1990s started spewing a lot of useless and intractable warnings. I have a vague memory that constructs that generated Visual C++ warnings were considered OK if the Gnu compiler would accept them without warnings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still feel that way about warnings.  I prefer to test my code incrementally as I go in any case, by pasting it into an interpreter or a test file to compile -- so if a warning pops up, it's usually easy enough to get rid of, then and there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe Henry Ledgard's Programming Proverbs, or his later book, Fortran with Style: Programming Proverbs, recommends knowing your programming language well enough so that you never generate warnings; he had been a punch card programmer.  These days, of course, the challenge is tracking &lt;em&gt;which&lt;/em&gt; language you're currently using -- wait, is this the one with &quot;else:&quot; or &quot;else {...}&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24664" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T16:16:42.313" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T16:16:42.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13326" CreationDate="2017-03-17T15:06:24.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same issue as well but only on Firefox driver. Turns out it might be related to when you use the driver Navigate method and it tries to interact too fast with the page. Calling below code fix it for me on Navigate (I also recommend to use it before FindElement as well):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void VerifyPageIsLoaded()&#xA;{&#xA;    var pageLoaded = false;&#xA;&#xA;    for (var i = 0; i &amp;lt; DefaultTimeout.Timeout.Seconds; i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;        if (WebDriver.ExecuteJavaScript&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;).Equals(&quot;complete&quot;))&#xA;        //jQuery.active might cause problems on some browser or browserstack so I commented it out&#xA;        //&amp;amp;&amp;amp; WebDriver.ExecuteJavaScript&amp;lt;bool&amp;gt;(&quot;return jQuery.active == 0&quot;).Equals(true))&#xA;        {&#xA;            pageLoaded = true;&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    if (!pageLoaded)&#xA;    {&#xA;        throw new Exception(&quot;Page was not with complete state)!&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14914" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T15:06:24.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26200" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-17T15:42:14.350" Score="2" ViewCount="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;Besides my manager who do I need to distribute test documentation to? E.g. master test plan and master test report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to send the product owner/business representative, who is unfamiliar with the software testing process, a copy of those?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21738" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T15:50:16.710" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T15:50:16.710" Title="Who needs to receive test documentation?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;communication&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26200" CreationDate="2017-03-17T15:45:50.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whomever needs it. There is no standard that you have to follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always hate it if I get information I do not need. How do you figure out if people need something? Either ask them, or leave them out until they ask for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would place any test documentation on a central place (e.g. a wiki) where everyone can reach it. Inform everyone once that they can find it there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T15:45:50.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26200" CreationDate="2017-03-17T15:48:45.277" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's so much testing documentation you could produce, your audience will vary massively... test plans, strategies, summaries, risk assessments, defect reports, etc. &lt;strong&gt;Not everyone needs to see everything.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Define your project team and ask them how much information they want, or how much they need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, at my current client, only the Project Manager is interested in weekly progress reports in UAT, but the Test Manager wants daily progress reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everywhere is different, unfortunately. There's no real standard!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T15:48:45.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-17T16:13:09.417" Score="0" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able to find the element in the selenium webdiver with java &#xA;the Details are given below. I had used all class as given below &#xA;in addition to Xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-users&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;        Employee&#xA;    &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;left-menu-list-right-icon&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;i class=&quot;fa fa-chevron-right&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xpath is given as below &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='sidebar-menu']/ul/li[2]/a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element is not found&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24669" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T16:28:58.903" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T19:09:33.607" Title="How can I find the element in selenium with java" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-17T16:34:06.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you asked for anecdotal, this is about as anecdotal as it gets. This is a very opinion based question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fix all warnings and errors. Do not tolerate any error messages&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can be impractical, depending on the size/scope of an application. Some applications have many, many pieces, and you/your team are not in control of all of them. They will throw errors/warnings, and there's nothing you can do about it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, of the things you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; control:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;but fix them &lt;strong&gt;as soon as they appear.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I emphasize &quot;as soon as they appear&quot; because this is the best and easiest time to fix it. Developers will have the code fresh in their minds, and a fix will be quick and easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More important, have you ever heard a developer say, &quot;I'm going to fix that later&quot;? I have. Then code reviews come up, and they either didn't fix it, or put a &lt;code&gt;TODO&lt;/code&gt; and it's still not fixed. This doesn't happen every time, of course, but it's very frequent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After seeing this a few times, &quot;I'll fix it later&quot; was removed from my vocabulary, and I don't put my stamp of approval on code reviews with fixitlaters™.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here's the point: One should strive to fix all warnings and errors &lt;strong&gt;as soon as they appear&lt;/strong&gt; because if they're not fixed now, they won't be fixed. There are future repercussions, even if it might seem pointless today.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone will inherit the code. They won't know the full history, and may assume it's a legitimate problem. Said person spends time chasing down a bug that doesn't exist because, let's face it, you were just too lazy to fix the benign warning/error. Plus, they fill up server logs needlessly, making real issues harder to find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24666" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T16:34:06.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26204" CreationDate="2017-03-17T16:38:48.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming there is no easier way and nothing unique about the elements here, the way I would do this is to first retrieve all elements containing at least one child with class selector &quot;fa-users&quot; (note: I am using pseudo-code - the calls may not be exactly correct):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elements = browser.findElements(By.Class, &quot;fa-users&quot;).Parent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, I would loop through the list of parent elements to find the one with inner text that contains the word &quot;Employee&quot;, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if element.InnerText().Contains(&quot;Employee&quot;) then element.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason I would use this method is that it looks like this application uses dynamically generated DOM elements, which means that the XPath you found as a selector may not be the same as the XPath to the element when you run your test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T16:38:48.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26211" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-17T17:30:59.473" Score="1" ViewCount="2675" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium Webdriver, based on the following Maven (Java) dependency:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-server&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.3.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an issue, where I can't figure out the criteria/condition to use where I have a set of cascading combo boxes (HTML select elements which, based on the option clicked on a parent, all it's children combos are updated with data brought via AJAX. Thought of extracting the &quot;text&quot; (list of option texts) from the children prior to triggering the update and then comparing it with the &quot;text&quot; of the same element to be changed, but that may not be exact, as may catch the text partially and not once it has entirely refreshed/updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds a bit complex my explanation, but it's not a really strange scenario, I'll add an image for better understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L3WYg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L3WYg.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In red is the select element whose options are clicked, and based on which option is clicked, the contents of the select element in green are changed. So I'm looking for the wait condition on the green element to be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cliente (red) select:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;cliente&quot; class=&quot;Combo&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;302&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  ANDES AIRPORT SERVICES&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;301&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  CASTANO&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  CASTA&amp;amp;Ntilde;O&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;319&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  CASTANO FRIO&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1176&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  CEMENTOS BIO BIO S A&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1093&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  CENTROPUERTO LIMITADA&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;162&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  ESACHS&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;445&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  ESACHS TRANSPORTE&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;576&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  ESSBIO&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;161&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  CHILEXPRESS S.A.&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;450&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  ENANGAB&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;766&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  ENANGAB VINOS&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;311&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  FRIOCHILE CONSOLIDADO&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;852&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  INGGEPRO&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;424&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  MAQSA&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1103&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  MAQUINARIAS INDEMAX LIMITADA&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;392&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  SITRANS LTDA.&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1209&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  TRANSPORTES JOTA EFE S.A&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1348&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  TRANSVER&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1341&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  USC-GENERADORES&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;582&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  WAYPOINT OPERACIONES&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1040&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  WAYPOINT I+D&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;53&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  WAYPOINT S.A.&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Associated JavaScript event:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$(&quot;#cliente&quot;).change(function() {&#xA;    GruposListBox(&quot;idgrupo&quot;, $(this).val(), &quot;nombre&quot;, &quot;id&quot;, callbackGrupoListBox),&#xA;    zoneManager.loadZones($(&quot;#cliente&quot;).val()),&#xA;    sensorManager.clientId = $(&quot;#cliente&quot;).val(),&#xA;    sensorManager.getData()&#xA;}),&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample Grupo (green) select, before clicking/selecting an element in cliente select:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;select id=&quot;idgrupo&quot; class=&quot;Combo&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;-1&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  Todos&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1142&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  ANF&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;244&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  General&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1337&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  IPC&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1141&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  SCL&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample Grupo (green) select after selecting an element in the Cliente select box:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;idgrupo&quot; class=&quot;Combo&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;-1&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  Todos&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;272&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  General&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastEditorUserId="24597" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T20:01:19.567" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T20:41:11.533" Title="Waiting for a control (select) to update" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26212" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26216" CreationDate="2017-03-17T18:04:06.747" Score="11" ViewCount="1956" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a computer science master's student and I need to write a research proposal for my software testing class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I need to find a problem in the software testing field that hasn't been solved yet and one that prevents engineers or researchers from being as effective at testing than they otherwise could be. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I don't work in this field, it's been tough finding a problem or challenge that no one has been able to solve. So I'm wondering, are there any problems in software testing in which testers or researchers have yet to come up with a solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24674" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T18:30:05.740" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T00:19:34.837" Title="Unsolved problems or Challenges in Software Testing" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-03-20T06:35:28.217" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26212" CreationDate="2017-03-17T19:06:51.903" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might be interesting for you to try to solve automated usability testing.  This would include 508 testing and color recognition as well as trying to identify annoying things like having to click 3 times for something etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general this is virtually impossible to automate as it's usually a user perception issue that is being tested for and a machine is not as capable at testing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T19:06:51.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26214" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-17T19:11:11.547" Score="3" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What testing types can be used to release the product or project in short span of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: I got requirement today that need to be deliver by tomorrow, Here what testing type I need to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please revert back your feedback ASAP&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T19:13:07.833" LastActivityDate="2017-03-18T16:28:50.860" Title="Testing types for release of software in short span of time" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;release&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26214" CreationDate="2017-03-17T19:16:18.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What testing types can be used to release the product or project in short span of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing, you use your common sense to look for bugs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression testing, does this new feature break anything that has been working?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Crowd testing (not really an official testing technique), you get a few more people to execute exploratory testing using brain storming.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T19:16:18.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26212" CreationDate="2017-03-17T19:21:04.877" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a world of &lt;a href=&quot;https://puppet.com/blog/continuous-delivery-vs-continuous-deployment-what-s-diff&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous deployment&lt;/a&gt; test automation is becoming the most important form of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest problem with test automation is how do the engineers know they have covered all the important execution paths. There exists &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestCoverage.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;code coverage&lt;/a&gt;, but that just finds untested code, it is not a quality target.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you combine code coverage with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/mutation-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mutation testing&lt;/a&gt; it becomes better, but mutation testing is still too slow for large codebases. Also processing the results requires manual research. It is not repeatable continuously for these reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is something called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_verification&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;formal verification&lt;/a&gt;, but this seems to be so time consuming that I wonder if it is realistic for most software projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me the biggest challenge is how do my engineers know they have written enough tests, while spending their time balanced between testing and coding. There is missing a good standard and most good techniques are currently to slow or to complex for complex systems. Coming up with a process that is automatable, (relatively) fast, lowers risks of defects significantly and which is repeatable seems like a great win for our industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could discuss that such a process already exists, haven't people been testing software for ages? Sure, but a good testing process is slow as hell. The future needs something fast and furious. Test-automation helps, but still it is hard to know if you covered everything. Some help here would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second biggest problem with software quality is schooling:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Engineers are not taught deep test-automation skills in school. Designing software that is testable and maintainable is nearly an art form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Engineers are not taught quality principles like &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;clean code&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand schools try to give students broad knowledge, but writing high quality code should be a standard that starts in your first weeks. So that you can practise it in your practical assignments over and over again. Unit-testing for example can not be a couple of classes to explain the basics. You need good understanding of the reasoning and how to structure your code. Then you also need a lot of practise and a larger project to make you see that test-automation is worth your while. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe a new &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_paradigm&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;programming paradigm&lt;/a&gt; which includes code quality and testability as it primary focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T19:27:56.877" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T19:27:56.877" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26212" CreationDate="2017-03-17T19:33:39.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Contribute a patch (fix a bug) in a popular open source software project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug solved can be as ambitious as you can dare. There are many of them in any project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-03-17T21:52:03.817" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T21:52:03.817" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26212" CreationDate="2017-03-17T20:19:42.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How about language interpretation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There has been lots of research going into language interpretation, but it is extremely difficult for a script to understand a sentence, within or without a context. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Letting along if a sentence is spoken, its tone will play a vital role in its meaning. E.g. &lt;strong&gt;Thank you very much&lt;/strong&gt; can be interpreted as a sincere thank you or a sarcastic comment, depends on the tone it is spoken in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is more of a software development hurdle, especially when you data mine keywords and try to summarize it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T20:19:42.250" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26211" CreationDate="2017-03-17T21:36:09.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to implement an explicit wait for the selection to be made on the element.  Whatever selenium call you utilized to select the element, just wait on the element to be selected with a wait.  Then after it's selected then check the options on the green select box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select select = new org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='cliente']&quot;)));&#xA;select.selectByValue(&quot;576&quot;);&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);&#xA;        wait.until(org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.elementSelectedStateToBe(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='cliente']/option[@value='576']&quot;), true));&#xA;        wait.until(org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.numberOfElementsToBeMoreThan(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='idgrupo']/option&quot;), 1);&#xA;select = new org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//select[@id='idgrupo']&quot;)));&#xA;select.selectByValue(&quot;-1&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other ways to wait until.  The main point being to utilize a wait for the selection to happen before moving on with the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the timing of the rendering in the browser, so you might have to wait more than once to get what you are after, but the wait should work to find what you are looking for and then you act on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit to above&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T20:41:11.533" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T20:41:11.533" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26212" CreationDate="2017-03-17T22:37:46.797" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing graphics API interactions with OpenGL, Vulkan, etc.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if this fits your requirements, but while attempting to write unit tests for a graphical application I had to give up, because there were no solid methods to do this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least most of which I could find about were either extremely time-consuming and error-prone(mock interface took 5x the code needed for the tests than actual implementation) or worked only on complete systems that didn't want to change often. (Image comparison)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a practical problem that could be solved with clever engineering, so I am not sure if it fits a research subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15862" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T22:37:46.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26212" CreationDate="2017-03-17T22:40:46.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Change best practices into language features.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Making sure that all references to HTML locators are done through Page Objects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Making sure Page Objects entries are unique, aren't duplicated and are actually used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All code has tests or it is not accepted to the master branch&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All tests cover happy, sad and optional happy and sad paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit tests and acceptance tests don't duplicate each others tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All features include some level of volume testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability and accessibility is built-in and not optional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Treat QE engineeers as full members of the development team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write one set of tests that work in all devices, browsers and versions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see these various from easy to hard. Some technical, some human.  Some might seem impossible.  Then again you asked for unsolved problems or challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-17T22:40:46.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26214" CreationDate="2017-03-17T22:47:34.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think same tests as for a long span of time, maybe just less of them covering less paths and options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I still say think about the 4 quadrants of Agile testing and choose which Unit, Integrated, User Acceptance and Exploratory tests to do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still think about the pyramid of testing with (few) manual exploratory tests on top and (many) unit tests on the bottom&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Out of happy, sad and optional paths, start with the happy one that actually works for your users, earns your company revenue, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to choose just one form of testing?  I would choose end-to-end testing from a user acceptance level using selenium based code for automation.  However given the time frame of a day or two all you could expect to achieve would be manual testing.  If this is basically fairly standard practice you should also make some effort with your company and management to test things properly.  One day for manual testing and no automation will limit both your growth and that of the company concerned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-18T13:40:23.240" LastActivityDate="2017-03-18T13:40:23.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26224" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-18T02:53:50.070" Score="3" ViewCount="3344" Body="&lt;p&gt;The requirement is to stop the JMeter test after desired sample count is achieved. I have tried following approach...but the threads are not stopping as expected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know how to solve the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestPlan&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Setup thread group:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Beans shell sampler:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Declared a property total sample count with value 0&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Subsequent thread groups:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Postprocessor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get the value of property total sample count  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increase total sample count by 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put back the value in total sample count.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the total sample count is equal to desired sample count&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop the thread&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stop the test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am facing this issue:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. The threads continue to run even the sample count reaches to desired sample count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One more update is I am testing APIs and the hits are very high...ex within two minutes around 5k is achieved. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggest me if there is any problem with the approach or is there any better way to solve the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18696" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T10:01:15.500" LastActivityDate="2020-04-04T02:01:25.160" Title="Stops JMeter test after desired sample count" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26053" CreationDate="2017-03-18T04:27:54.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to test exactly how it's done I would frankly tie into the existing code and execute to get the results.  You want to ensure the same code is rendering the same values as expected.  This is more a unit test injected into the middle of a functional automation test. Frankly, I would write a unit test or reuse one for mapping the exact code that does this and then call that from the automation test and the result would be the answer to that unit test assertion in the automation test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If unit testing covers it, don't worry on automating the functional side of the stored procedure unless you can do it on the screen, but use what is already there as evidence and then manually test the GUI.  This seems more like duplicating effort unless it's not unit tested already.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-14T11:52:38.917" LastActivityDate="2020-07-14T11:52:38.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25915" CreationDate="2017-03-18T04:57:54.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So Kafka is a message broker basically.  I haven't utilized it personally but here is the detailed documentation including the APIs that are available to utilize: &lt;a href=&quot;https://kafka.apache.org/documentation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://kafka.apache.org/documentation/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest question when looking at a message brokering system is how it fits into an application.  Usually a system like this is specifically designed to handle the messages that then are fed into an application.  The specific calls to the messages are programed into some sort of user interface.  Unless you work for Apache on the Kafka product I think your main focus should be on how your project/projects are specifically targeting utilizing Kafka.  If your trying to &quot;test Kafka&quot; then I'd assume you are working for apache as it's a product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would consider targeting the following questions and getting those answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the implementation strategy of my org for utilizing Kafka?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Within that implementation strategy what are the interfaces that will be developed for end users to access message content managed via Kafka?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you know those two answers you can then ask what technology will best automate testing of these developed interfaces which will render the managed message content?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After you have that then you should know where the originating source data is coming from in which case then it would be how best to check the source with the final product?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then you can get into tracking failures and logs to ensure you find where gaps may exist...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless your unit testing, you need to start from the final product and go backwards.  Integration testing start at the APIs specifically, not the product under the API.  So your final picture will look more like a GUI/RSS feed/something else that gives me x from interacting with y functionality.  Integration of y with Kafka and Kafka with the original source(s).  Check the original source(s) to see if x = original source(s) x.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's all data being sent and managed, it's just how it's being constructed is the key.  Think of it this way, if you had 15 different databases and pulled info from all into a mix you would want to ensure the constructed mix of data was the same as the original parts it was constructed from.  Same principal here with a message broker like Kafka.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-18T04:57:54.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25383" CreationDate="2017-03-18T05:09:29.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;IE 10 had some issues and so did IE 11 at the start.  The new IE driver has fixed some of those, but I'm not sure what version of things you are running.  The work arounds include setting capabilities of the browser when starting it.  Try the below settings and see if it works to help it stay focused on the newly opened window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ignoreProtectedModeSettings&quot;, true);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;ie.ensureCleanSession&quot;, true);&#xA;        webDriver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other possible, but based on your description I would think these would likely make it work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-18T05:09:29.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-18T05:34:51.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In chrome 57+ and chromedriver 2.28, the execution was not starting when &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().maximize();&lt;/code&gt; is used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;-incognito&quot;);&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();    &#xA;capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);&#xA;WebDriver webDriver = new &amp;lt;strike&amp;gt;ChromeDriver&amp;lt;/strike&amp;gt;(capabilities);//Capabilities is deprecated in latest version &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Don't Use&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().maximize();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24682" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-02-09T12:26:39.930" LastActivityDate="2018-02-09T12:26:39.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26231" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-18T10:26:41.637" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have setup path for android and jdk set up eclipse and try to open apk file in device&#xA;but it is display server connection error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L9lm8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L9lm8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2017-03-18T10:26:41.637" Title="Selendroid server error" Tags="&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;selendroid&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26232" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26212" CreationDate="2017-03-18T12:42:40.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Distributed Testing is something we are still in the opening days of. Cloud computing makes it possible to innovate: you can bring up virtual clusters with different system configs, use SDN to create networks and even inject faults. At the same time, they make life hard, as the time you come in to work the VMs of a test run which have failed the test have already been recycled, and all you have are the logs of 8 services running on ten machines; you get to open up the likely ones in your text editor and using timestamps try and work out what was happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the best work there comes from telecom&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &lt;a href=&quot;http://steveloughran.blogspot.co.uk/2015/05/distributed-system-testing-where-now.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2015 thoughts on the matter&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My view is that reporting the results could be radically improved, diagnostics, and even automating the generation of complex configurations. A &quot;configuration space&quot; is one of those Hilbert Space thingys, where every time someone goes &quot;hey, add a new config option!&quot;, you've added another dimension. The key point is that only some regions in the configuration space are valid for successful system behavior. Some of the work of a good tester is to identify those areas where the system fails to work, yet it is within the space of areas where customers expect to run the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some reading from a list of a local directory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1999_ulrich_siemens_Test Architectures for Testing Distributed Systems.pdf&#xA;2001_long_DOA_ A case study in testing distributed systems.pdf&#xA;2006_rutherford_phd_Adequate System-Level Testing of Distributed Systems.pdf&#xA;2009_Hierons-_brunel_TAROT09_Testing Distributed Systems.pdf&#xA;2014_suny_IST_Model-Based Testing of Global Properties on Large-Scale Distributed Systems.pdf&#xA;2015_riesco_madrid_sparkTest_A Lightweight Tool for Random Testing of Stream Processing Systems.pdf&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ulrichs is a good intro from telecoms; focused on state machines, and building the aggregate test from smaller stes. The others follow on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my current work I've been exploring a concept which doesn't appear to have anything written up from an academic perspective: &lt;a href=&quot;http://steveloughran.blogspot.co.uk/2016/04/distributed-testing-making-use-of.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Metrics first testing&lt;/a&gt;. Here we add more system metrics to the application, essentially exposing some of the internal state. I can then make assertions about the state of parts of the system in unit tests. In larger system tests: collect those metrics and use them to help understand what happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Early days there, for unit/integration tests it's good, albeit brittle to changes in what is now a &quot;grey box&quot; system under test: optimise performance and tests counting the number of times something happened fail, you get to decide whether its a false negative or legit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding Formal Specs and verification, I have actually written the Formal Filesystem Specification for the Hadoop FS API, albeit working backwards from what was implemented in HDFS. Here the specification language used is Python, which works well for one key reason: it is understood by developers, who can grasp the &lt;a href=&quot;https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/stable/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-common/filesystem/model.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;declarative filesystem model&lt;/a&gt; as some tuples, lists and hash tables. It &lt;a href=&quot;https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/stable/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-common/filesystem/notation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;all maps 1:1&lt;/a&gt; to the set theoretic calculus of Spivey's Z language, it's just disguised as python. In doing so, we have a spec which is broadly understood and maintained —and from there, we derive the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/apache/hadoop/tree/trunk/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/contract&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Filesystem contract tests&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The limitations we have there is that it doesn't do temporal logic/concurrency, and there's no automated parsing/validation of the spec. I've been playing with TLA+, but that language just scares everyone off. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, hope I haven't scared you off, but I can assure you that there are PhDs to be had in this area. And, as so much of this work is being done as Open Source, you can even get to see how some of it works development communities,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24684" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T00:19:34.837" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T00:19:34.837" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26214" CreationDate="2017-03-18T16:28:50.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Conducting a &quot;bug hunt&quot; or &quot;test jam&quot; is usually a good way to get a lot of testing, and a lot of communication about quality, happening quickly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conducting a bug hunt means pulling together many people from the organization, developers, PM, marketing, support, managers/executives, and have everyone test the product together.  I usually do these for 2 hours, and often include lunch.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll often give prizes in categories like &quot;most interesting bug&quot; or &quot;most bugs found&quot; or &quot;highest severity bug found&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can setup roles/personas ahead of time, and ask people to focus on different areas.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a form of crowd-source testing, where the crowd are the folks in your company.  A side benefit, everyone in the bug hunt (PM, managers, etc.) will experience first hand the quality of the software - lending credibility to your test report.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-03-18T16:28:50.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15297" CreationDate="2017-03-18T19:28:10.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Go to Package Explorer-&gt;Build Path-&gt;Configure build path-&gt;Selenium-Server-Standalone-3.x.x.jar and expand it-&gt;javadoc location-&gt;Edit&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Copy &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and Paste it in Javadoc location path. Click on OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24688" LastActivityDate="2017-03-18T19:28:10.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26235" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-19T06:09:21.523" Score="5" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do people handle version labels while performing manual testing when working in a continuous integration environments. In Jira there is a ‘releases’ feature that allows a version to be assigned to an issue's, ‘affects’ and ‘fixed’ fields. But that gets gets out of hand quickly when there are one or more builds a day, and those builds are identified by their git commit ID (hash) not a progressive series.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before this project I’ve worked with a fast release cycles in manual testing. A new build with bug fixes might appear every 3 or 4 days during regression cycles. During regression, bugs are verified with any additional checks and then testing just rolls on with the new build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I’m excited to get started in an agile project again and I want to get it right from the start. What I want to suggest to the team is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Builds on check-in identified by hash, and maybe check-in count &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test on each build &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Builds which break the build AND can’t be immediately fixed are added to Jira as version &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Builds which have major functions implemented or bugs fixed added to Jira as versions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs are verified and recorded in later check-in numbered builds&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing picks the lasted build recorded in Jira to run&#xA;through each test session&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone use the Version Merging feature in Jira?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24426" LastEditorUserId="24426" LastEditDate="2017-03-19T12:48:58.837" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T15:18:37.260" Title="Version labels in continuous integration teams" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26235" CreationDate="2017-03-19T09:16:38.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some recommendations which may be relevant (but not Jira-specific) for your case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your build system will change, your ticketing system will change, and your version control system will change.&lt;/strong&gt; This is inevitable, and it's a good thing. In the first two cases it’s either hard or impossible to migrate references (build numbers, ticket numbers) to the new system seamlessly - you may end up with “ticket #10 in the old system” and “ticket #10 in the new system”. In version control systems you can generally &lt;strong&gt;easily keep the old version identifiers&lt;/strong&gt; (at least when going from CVS to Subversion, or from Subversion to Git). So I would &lt;strong&gt;base references on commit IDs&lt;/strong&gt;, because they can easily be migrated in an automated fashion. You may of course &lt;em&gt;also&lt;/em&gt; refer to build numbers or ticket numbers, but the commit ID should be used whenever possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another reason for using the commit ID is that even within a single build system you should have the flexibility of splitting, merging, and generally tweaking the jobs/projects/pipelines without breaking references in your ticketing system. And your build system &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; make it easy for you to find builds based on a commit ID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Builds should produce artefacts,&lt;/strong&gt; which should flow through your build system to produce the production system if all the tests (automatic and manual) pass. This is an enormous improvement on the traditional Jenkins &amp;amp; co way of having disconnected build, test, and deploy steps, only linked by much hard work. Go.CD is a great example of this, where every build is linked back in obvious ways to the artefacts and commits which it is based on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recommended reading: Continuous Delivery by Humble &amp;amp; Farley.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T09:16:38.840" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26235" CreationDate="2017-03-19T13:09:00.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using the versioning and release processes available in github.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We use them for both staging and production releases.&#xA;Manual Testers are given github access so they can check what versions are being used by the various environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZWFQ3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZWFQ3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0rqKa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0rqKa.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T13:09:00.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26238" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-19T14:32:42.250" Score="1" ViewCount="2249" Body="&lt;p&gt;please help , I'm connecting to the server through websocket sampler using jmeter , when I send the request to server name &lt;a href=&quot;https://servername&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://servername&lt;/a&gt; , this error is displayed [ - Invalid URI syntax: Expected closing bracket for IPv6 address at index 13: wss://[&lt;a href=&quot;https://servername]:8000/?]&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://servername]:8000/?]&lt;/a&gt; , when I remove the https protocol , the request is not sent and not displayed in listener and the data is not updated in DB&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24698" LastActivityDate="2018-07-29T21:01:24.383" Title="Can't connect to the server using websocket sampler in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26145" CreationDate="2017-03-19T15:51:26.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Beside Jenkins, there are other CI tools. In this article - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/jenkins-vs-other-open-source-continuous-integration-servers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins vs other Open source continuous integration servers&lt;/a&gt; - you may find the quick review of the top Open source CI tools. And although the review in this post is made from the performance testing perspective, these tools are used for the integrating Selenium tests into the continuous integration and delivery process too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23889" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T15:51:26.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26178" CreationDate="2017-03-19T17:41:45.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Steve McConnell writes in &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books?id=lohA2aY9gu0C&amp;amp;dq=editions%3AyOrRCbFvpMYC&amp;amp;source=gbs_book_other_versions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Code Complete&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (1993):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;p69:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Eliminate the causes of all compiler errors and warnings. Pay attention to what the compiler tells you about your code. A lot of warnings often indicates low-quality code, and you should try to understand each warning you get. In practice, warnings you've seen again and again have one of two possible effects: You ignore them and they camouflage other, more important warnings, or they become annoying like Chinese water torture.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;p664:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Set your compiler's warning level to the highest, pickiest level possible and fix the code so that it doesn't produce any warnings.&lt;/strong&gt; It's sloppy to ignore compiler errors. It's even sloppier to turn off the warnings so that you can't even see them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7744" LastActivityDate="2017-03-19T17:41:45.323" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26241" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26242" CreationDate="2017-03-19T17:49:57.960" Score="5" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been engaging a client for two months now. They are a major electricity generation and distribution company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each project, I have got more than enough time to finish my SoapUI test cases so I am thinking to offer free security testings to my client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a second thought is telling me I should not be doing this as I could have charged them for doing it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I add value to my engagement by doing free security testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-19T18:03:18.277" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T13:51:40.547" Title="Should I offer free security tests to my clients?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26241" CreationDate="2017-03-19T17:59:43.927" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should I add value to my engagement by doing free security testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No, you should not and the reason is not about money.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testings need to always involve your clients' consents, which means before security testing is carried out, your clients need to be aware of it and explicitly give you a &quot;green light&quot;; this &quot;green light&quot; needs to be a tangible proof as well, e.g. a written consent. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The reason for this is: security testing is a very different animal comparing to other non-security testing. Security testing is treated very seriously as confidential information could be leaked, damaged or destroyed, critical processes could be paused or stopped, by executing a security test without informing your manager AND your client manager will be a very bad idea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have seen a real life example last year:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One contract tester did an unauthorized password attack on his client's database; his original intention might have been good but the result was his client's database automatically locked down, rendering it inaccessible. That company's business was dependent on accessing its database in real time. The whole business operation suddenly stopped for 2 hours for no apparent reasons. This was a very very bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please do not execute any security tests without telling your manager AND your client's manager AND get your client's provable consent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-03-20T13:51:40.547" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T13:51:40.547" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26224" CreationDate="2017-03-20T05:58:08.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the following setup:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-if-controller-and-get-pie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;If Controller&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan and use &lt;code&gt;${__counter(,)} &amp;gt; 100&lt;/code&gt; as the condition. Replace &lt;code&gt;100&lt;/code&gt; with your desired samples count. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-if-controller-and-get-pie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__counter()&lt;/a&gt; is a JMeter Function which returns the value incremented by 1 each time it's being called. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Put &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Action&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Action&lt;/a&gt; sampler as a child of the If Controller and apply the following configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Target: &lt;code&gt;All Threads&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Action: &lt;code&gt;Stop&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;code&gt;Stop Now&lt;/code&gt; as a target, the difference is that &lt;code&gt;Stop&lt;/code&gt; &quot;asks&quot; threads to stop gracefully and &lt;code&gt;Stop Now&lt;/code&gt; forcefully terminates them therefore you may see extra errors connected with this&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In regards to your current approach troubleshooting take a look at &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file for any Beanshell-related errors. If everything goes well you should see something like &lt;code&gt;Stop Test detected by thread: Thread Group X-X&lt;/code&gt;. If not - you should see something like &lt;code&gt;Problem in BeanShell script org.apache.jorphan.util.JMeterException: Error invoking bsh method: eval Sourced file: inline evaluation of: XXX&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T05:58:08.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26238" CreationDate="2017-03-20T06:07:39.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be placing any protocol into Server Name or IP field. Theoretically you can put &lt;code&gt;https://servername:8000&lt;/code&gt; into &quot;Path&quot; input, but I it won't work as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebSocket&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebSocket expects only &lt;code&gt;ws&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;wss&lt;/code&gt; protocols.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The WebSocket protocol specification defines ws and wss as two new uniform resource identifier (URI) schemes[4] that are used for unencrypted and encrypted connections, respectively. Apart from the scheme name and fragment (# is not supported), the rest of the URI components are defined to use URI generic syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't see the request, most probably you configured WebSocket Sampler incorrectly as if you leave response and/or close connection pattern blank WebSocket Sampler will wait for the response for 20 seconds (or whatever you have define as a connection Timeout)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/websocket-testing-apache-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebSocket Testing With Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more information and example test plan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T06:07:39.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26247" CreationDate="2017-03-20T07:19:07.603" Score="1" ViewCount="15360" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a list of li elements wrapped in sub-menu class of HTML, before clicking on any of the li element I wanted to cross check all li elements are present with &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;length&lt;/code&gt; but not sure how to go with &lt;code&gt;length&lt;/code&gt; as I don't see any suggestion to go for length.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebElement menuList =  driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;menu-item-33&quot;));&#xA;    menuList.click();&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;elems = driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;sub-menu&quot;));&#xA;      for (WebElement ddlList : elems)&#xA;      {&#xA;          System.out.println(ddlList.getText());&#xA;        //Something like ddlList.length(); but not able to work upon it.&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;          }&#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24706" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T08:51:33.253" LastActivityDate="2019-02-19T13:38:15.507" Title="How to get count of 'li' elements list with selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26246" CreationDate="2017-03-20T07:34:49.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There are two ways/solutions to print num of element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 1 :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int i=0;&#xA;for (WebElement ddlList : elems)&#xA;{&#xA;   System.out.println(&quot;Element Num &quot;+ i +&quot; is &quot;+ ddlList.getText());&#xA;   i++;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here just increase value of &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; in each repetition.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 2 :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (int i=0; i &amp;lt; elems.size(); i++)&#xA;{&#xA;   System.out.println(&quot;Element Num &quot;+ i +&quot; is &quot; + elems.get(i).getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here simple java loop with &lt;code&gt;size()&lt;/code&gt; of list.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If you want to print only num of elements then follow below :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.out.println(elems.size());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T07:34:49.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20228" CreationDate="2017-03-20T10:22:19.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can achieve this while creating the test script in JMeter. Please follow below steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add 'HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder' under JMeter workbench when you&#xA;start to develop the load test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uncheck 'Capture HTTP Headers' checkbox under 'Test plan content' section&#xA;Perform the steps, HTTP headers won't be captured in your test actions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this solves your question! This approach can help you implement &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.qasource.com/automated-testing-services&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test automation services&lt;/a&gt; while you perform load tests on any application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T02:15:33.673" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T02:15:33.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26249" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26260" CreationDate="2017-03-20T11:52:10.353" Score="6" ViewCount="945" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked in QA for a number of years now and not once have I (personally) created/generated any sort of report, maybe its just where I've worked has never required it.  Browsing the market I notice often references to quite a generic &quot;Provide reports on testing etc&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is, what exactly are the reports that tend to be generated? # of defects? # of defects closed? etc because this to me seems handled more so by the QA Lead&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking for some understanding on this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T18:32:06.550" Title="Which Reporting should a QA Engineer be providing?" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26250" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26258" CreationDate="2017-03-20T12:21:36.307" Score="4" ViewCount="17856" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm Working in appium.  previously,  my code doesn't work in above 5.o &#xA;WheN I changed its working fine.  android version.   &lt;code&gt;driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://192.168.1.2:4723/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&lt;/code&gt;   above code works fine in above 5.0 android version. And the app was launch and couldn't open the app and still got the same error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Android setup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class AndroidSetup {&#xA;&#xA;    protected AndroidDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    protected void prepareAndroidForAppium() throws MalformedURLException {&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appium-version&quot;, &quot;1.6.3&quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;6.0&quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;Mi Phone&quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, &quot;/home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberLoginPage/app/Qber_Customer_V1.6.0.apk&quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.ionicframework&quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://192.168.1.2:4723/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Logintest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Logintest extends AndroidSetup {&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;        prepareAndroidForAppium();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterClass   &#xA;    public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;    public void login(){&#xA;&#xA;    new Login(driver).invalidLogin();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;loginpage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Login extends BasePage {&#xA;&#xA;    public Login(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Login invalidLogin() {&#xA;&#xA;        return new Login(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mar 21, 2017 2:02:10 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end&#xA;Mar 21, 2017 2:02:35 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Falling back to original OSS JSON Wire Protocol.&#xA;Mar 21, 2017 2:02:52 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Falling back to straight W3C remote end connection&#xA;&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Unable to create new remote session. desired capabilities = Capabilities [{app=/home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberLoginPage/app/Qber_Customer_V1.6.0.apk, appPackage=com.ionicframework.qber653346, appActivity=Main Activity, appium-version=1.6.3, platformVersion=6.0, platformName=Android, deviceName=Mi Phone}], required capabilities = Capabilities [{}]&#xA;Build info: version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:49:13 -0700'&#xA;System info: host: 'naveen-Inspiron-3542', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-66-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_121'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: AndroidDriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T08:34:37.050" LastActivityDate="2018-03-02T18:13:10.910" Title="Appium is get an error &quot;unable to create new remote session&quot;" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26251" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-20T12:52:27.700" Score="2" ViewCount="4886" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following code which I add CART item with a coupon code, but I want to put a loop when I have for example items in the cart and it will delete my old items and insert the new items and how do I know how many items the user has&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;store&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;30&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;loop&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;store&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;20&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;while&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${i}&amp;amp;lt;${loop}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Sales&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Sales Panel&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;readCSV&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;file:\C:\Users\Numg\Desktop\webusers\web-users_1.csv&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeCellValue&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${i},1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${id}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=web_user_user_id&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=web_user_user_id&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${id}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Ok&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForPageToLoad&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;100000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=4&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;select&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=aggrupations_639_shares&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label=3&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#bet-group &amp;amp;gt; #send &amp;amp;gt; i.fa.fa-arrow-right&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=code&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;editvalue&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${editvalue}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;gotoIf&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${editvalue}==true&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;StepsWithEdit&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;gotoIf&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${editvalue}==false&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;StepsWithoutEdit&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;StepsWithEdit&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=code&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;123QA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#new_reduction &amp;amp;gt; input[name=&amp;amp;quot;commit&amp;amp;quot;]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;End&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;StepsWithoutEdit&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Cancel&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;End&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=code&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;123QA&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#new_reduction &amp;amp;gt; input[name=&amp;amp;quot;commit&amp;amp;quot;]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Clear&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${i} + 1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;endWhile&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is deleted code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=input.button&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//input[@value='Delete']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//input[@value='Delete']&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24316" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T09:53:03.867" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T09:53:03.867" Title="How to loop through table in Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26249" CreationDate="2017-03-20T13:33:12.340" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;What they mean by &quot;Provide reports on testing&quot; is creating a record of the execution of tests (manual or automatic), what build is being tested and the results of the tests. Any deviations from the test plan should be documented as well as any unexpected behavior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The specifics of what the report should contain are highly dependent upon the business needs of the company. The idea is to have proof that the approved test plan was executed successfully. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case of highly regulated industries like medical or transportation a test plan could require tracking screen captures of every test point regardless of success or failure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also worked places where all that was expected of QC was to report bugs and sign off on builds before release. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14516" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T13:33:12.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26253" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-20T14:20:07.383" Score="1" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to automate a series of manual tests which contain a time window for which the user has to wait for a period of time - 48h.After this period, the status of my objects is changed. And this I have to check, if the status has changed. &#xA;Is there a way to automate this using QTP/UFT, only on the UI? Or DB changes are needed in order to speed up those 48 hours?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8824" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T21:09:15.847" Title="Automate manual tests that contain waiting for a long period of time in HP QTP/UFT" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-20T14:48:58.673" Score="4" ViewCount="2373" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in Product based company as a QA/Test Engineer. For ex:I have been assigned a new project/enhancement that would be delivered to the clients in the next production release. The Business Analyst publishes the &quot;Functional specification(SRS)' of the new feature/modules. Next, i start writing Test cases/scenarios for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that the DEV team releases the build and i start doing the &quot;functional&quot; testing. I encounter issues, report them, it gets fixed, i re-test them and this goes on until i say that all is OK. The product is finally released to a production server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if management asks me about Test coverage, Test Cases coverage, then what is the best answer. My team does not follow Agile. It still follows the old waterfall based approach. There are no sprints or user stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, i believe that &quot;Test cases are not Testing&quot; and industry is moving towards a performance culture. Now, skilled Exploratory Testing is more important than Test Cases metrics. Then why should number of Test cases written define Test coverage. I wrote 100 test cases, which covers all of the requirements in the SRS. Then the question is, that is my coverage 100%. Why is this kind of coverage measurement wrong and outdated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T16:06:25.503" Title="How should a Black-box Tester measure Test Coverage?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22710" CreationDate="2017-03-20T15:06:03.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite the fact that error message states &lt;code&gt;(ActionProducer.MaxActionTime)&quot; action has not been produced in...&lt;/code&gt;, there is another timout that rules this action time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JMenuOperator.PushMenuTimeout&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if I set:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JemmyProperties.setCurrentTimeout(&quot;JMenuOperator.PushMenuTimeout&quot;, 50);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Menu pushing: (JMenuItem with text &quot;Modules&quot;, JMenuItem with text&#xA;  &quot;Corporate entity&quot;) (ActionProducer.MaxActionTime)&quot; action has not been&#xA;  produced in 51 milliseconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So do not belive Jemmy log messages and try to find the right timeout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T15:06:03.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26254" CreationDate="2017-03-20T15:14:22.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In highly regulated industries no changes get done without a formal specification. This is done for reasons of liability and certification. If you're designing software to keep people safe you damn well be sure that you are covering every contingency. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What your manager is asking when they are talking about test case coverage is &quot;Do your tests cover the spec?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14516" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T15:14:22.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20066" CreationDate="2017-03-20T15:20:18.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We just had a big refactor resolving this issue. We had our entire code base using the first option and there were a few problems with that. The ones mentioned in the answers before me and additionally when you start doing a little more complex things like API calls and switching between angular and non-angular pages, having loops in the code etc. then the first option becomes unreliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also observed that having unneccesary &lt;code&gt;then&lt;/code&gt; would some times give false positives. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some observations/rules of thumb we learned and implmented:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;then&lt;/code&gt; only when you a value that is returned. e.g. &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; or something like that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;then&lt;/code&gt; after a &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; loop if you want to use a variable outside the&#xA;loop which is assigned with some value inside the loop.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is an error while waiting for Protractor to sync with the page &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once the &lt;code&gt;ignoreSynchronization&lt;/code&gt; flag is set to false, should not use&lt;code&gt;then&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you must set &lt;code&gt;ignoreSynchronization&lt;/code&gt; to false and then true in the same test. They must be separated by a then block&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16021" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T15:20:18.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26250" CreationDate="2017-03-20T15:32:17.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems like session between client and server is failing to get initiated. I noticed that URL you use for Appium server is &lt;code&gt;&quot;http://0.0.0.0:4723/wd/hub&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. This could be an issue, since as I understood you are running Appium on the same machine where your client scripts reside, try using &lt;code&gt;&quot;http://localhost:4723/wd/hub&quot;&lt;/code&gt; instead. Or use your local host ip address &lt;code&gt;&quot;http://127.0.1.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general make sure that your Appium server is started and running. You can do this by visiting URL in browser &lt;code&gt;localhost:4723/wd/hub/status&lt;/code&gt;. You will be able to connect to URL and see something like this:&lt;code&gt;{&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;build&quot;:{&quot;version&quot;:&quot;1.5.3&quot;,&quot;revision&quot;:null}},&quot;sessionId&quot;:null}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS. It strange though if you are able to initiate session with the same settings for KitKat devices. I would expect it to fail for all devices since it couldn't pass desired capabilities to server to initiate automation session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17423" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T15:32:17.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26259" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26254" CreationDate="2017-03-20T16:06:25.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black box&lt;/strong&gt; approach in and of itself is specifically designed to come from the user perspective backwards.  The difference between black box and white box testing is knowledge of the underlying code and components.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore when you are prepping for black box testing you should be coming from the user perspective who utilize the application.  This is any and &lt;strong&gt;every user standpoint&lt;/strong&gt; including super users of the application, but not a developer view point.  Ignore code coverage and focus specifically on the usage situations from the user perspective.  Once you get there then build onto it by adding in &lt;strong&gt;boundary/edge&lt;/strong&gt; case testing as well.  Always top it off with thorough &lt;strong&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt; which may bring up different combinations that weren't tried during standard and boundary testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be thorough with the below&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User perspective to looking at the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary/Edge cases from the user ability/perspective&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing to test various combinations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have the above fully covered then you can say you have solid test coverage from a black box testing approach.  The key is functionality coverage with the 3 items, so if you have 45 pieces of functionality and you have all of the above for all functionality you can say 100%.  If you have some of the above but not all, then you can come up with an equation to provide management on test coverage execution. (i.e. 38 has all 3 and 7 has 1 that is ((38*3)+(7*1)) / (45*3) = 89.6% coverage)  You can tweak it based on risk and give more or less value to certain parts as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T16:06:25.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26249" CreationDate="2017-03-20T18:32:06.550" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This one seems to have two parts so I'll break it out like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Leadership/Management Reports&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional Test Report (RTM*)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression Test Report (RTM* sometimes combined with functional report)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interface Test Report (RTM* optional depending on interfaces)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Test Report (RTM* optional depending on security requirements)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance Test Report (RTM* optional depending on performance requirements/needs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Failure/Defect Report (Often embedded inside the corresponding report listed above but delineates failures and fixes including defects and during which type of test it occurred.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Readiness Review Package (functional/regression/boundary/interface/performance/security/etc...) usually to justify software is ready to release.  This takes many different forms, but it usually entails all the test reports summary rollup into the big picture as is the minimal test deliverable to accompany software releases. The nuances often depend on the management processes, the application under test, and the quality needs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Individual Testers Reports/Expectations&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Execution runs including pass/fail and any defects found.  This is for any test type being executed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Full defect articulation in approved ticketing system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Case Reviews by peers with audit trail for the review taking place&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RTM* to test case mapping to ensure that all requirements are met via test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*Requirement Traceability Matrix - Requirement definition varies depending on the Development Methodology (waterfall - traditional requirement text, SCRUM - backlog items with acceptance criteria, Kanban - ticket description, etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Summary&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Follow your leadership/management direction, but every good QA engineer keeps track of his or her work, results, and logs defects accordingly.  Whatever format the tracking takes place a manager should be able to get the update on the software test status with enough details to meet the expectations of assigned work.  Don't be caught in the &quot;I think I did that&quot; or &quot;I think I may have tested that enough&quot; situation.  If your project company is really lax in this fine, but it would be good for a career point to be aware of the goal of the reports in the industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T18:32:06.550" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26261" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26485" CreationDate="2017-03-20T18:53:09.760" Score="5" ViewCount="7871" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running tests on selenium grid using nunit C# with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;selenium-standalone-server: v3.3.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;selenium webdriver: v3.3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;geckodriver: 0.15&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;firefox: v52&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox is not installed on the default location and so I get following exception on running tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expected browser binary location, but unable to find binary in default location, no 'moz:firefoxOptions.binary' capability provided, and no binary flag set on the command line (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to specify Firefox executable path on the capabilities section of &lt;code&gt;node.config&lt;/code&gt; file of selenium grid. How do I do that with new geckodriver? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;firefox_binary&lt;/code&gt; is now obsolete and it uses &lt;code&gt;&quot;moz:firefoxOptions&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, but I don't know how to specify it in selenium node's config file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I am doing in the config file, but it's not working:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;capabilities&quot;:&#xA;  [&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;WINDOWS&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;firefox&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;moz:firefoxOptions&quot;: {&#xA;        &quot;binary&quot;: &quot;D:\\Browsers\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe&quot;&#xA;        },&#xA;      &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1,&#xA;      &quot;seleniumProtocol&quot;: &quot;WebDriver&quot;&#xA;    }&#xA;  ]&#xA;.........&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22575" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T05:13:33.683" LastActivityDate="2018-06-23T10:50:49.623" Title="Geckodriver: How to use &quot;moz:firefoxOptions&quot; on node.config for selenium grid" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;grid&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;&lt;geckodriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-20T19:16:03.330" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;excludeSwitches&quot;, Collections.singletonList(&quot;enable-automation&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it's better to use &lt;code&gt;Collections.singletonList&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;Arrays.asList&lt;/code&gt; since we are passing in a single argument to &lt;code&gt;excludeSwitches&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disabling the infobar using &lt;code&gt;--disable-infobars&lt;/code&gt; flag will suppress other useful information in the future and is not recommended as @michaeldurrant suggested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24717" LastEditorUserId="24717" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T04:10:58.920" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T04:10:58.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2017-03-20T20:55:39.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, the way I'd probably look at this, if I understand what you were doing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you start, you have a huge universe of possibilities.  You've got different types of hardware you can use, different levels of software you can use, maybe different backends, maybe different data access patterns, etc.  And what you're doing with your experiments is narrowing down the possibilities, until you find one, or a few, that are &quot;best,&quot; based on whatever definition(s) of best you have.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'd present it that way.  I had this n-dimensional space to start with.  And with each experiment, I narrowed the space down in some way, or, possibly, expanded it some way.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's something called simulated annealing you might look at, as it's trying to do the same thing, which is find the global optimum across a large number of possibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-03-20T20:55:39.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26264" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26265" CreationDate="2017-03-21T01:21:06.583" Score="6" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I visited a client today. The manager I was talking to wanted me to perform a security assessment for his team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He put lots effort in saying &quot;We only need one security assessment, as we need to tick off a box from our checklist.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got a feeling this was not right, but I can not quite put up an argument yet. I am meeting him again next week, how I can convince him that security assessment is not a one-off task? And he should not treat it as simply as a checklist tick?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T01:29:50.993" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T15:05:03.607" Title="Is security assessment a one-off task?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26264" CreationDate="2017-03-21T02:49:05.310" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically, for products that are in the market, security assessment is done using a Secure Development Life-cycle (SDLC). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I do is pretty simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Annual External Penetration Test using a crowd-sourced security&#xA;testing service.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Weekly static and dynamic scans on the code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security analysts review new user stories for security impact&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your client may be asking for just the Penetration test for now.  Depending on those results, you might be able to convince them to be more holistic and use an SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example of an SDLC is available at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Secure_SDLC_Cheat_Sheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OWASP&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T13:10:51.543" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T13:10:51.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26264" CreationDate="2017-03-21T02:57:39.700" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how I can convince him that security assessment is not a one-off task? And he should not treat it as simply as a checklist tick?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A security assessment is never a one-off task. Any security assessment is nothing but a screenshot of an ever-changing process. Saying one security assessment is enough is like to say watching a frame of a film is as good as watching a movie. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will argue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depends on how much risk there is, for a company, it is a good practice to perform a risk assessment every 3 to 6 months, or at least once every year. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A security assessment will never find all the security issues. It is unrealistic to think one assessment is sufficient. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T02:57:39.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T06:43:20.703" Score="3" ViewCount="1274" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to test embedded software which runs on qemu virtual machine or on real device and can write its output to &lt;code&gt;stdout&lt;/code&gt;. So I can check the state of software only by parsing &lt;code&gt;stdout&lt;/code&gt;. To communicate with the device I can use Ethernet, so I can open connection and send data or commands. &lt;strong&gt;To sum up: I need to test some user scenarios and check the result through &lt;code&gt;stdout&lt;/code&gt; parsing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also need my tool to integrate with Jenkins and produce junit-compatible xml reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More Information:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have experience of Functional/Black Box test automation using C#, and I need to establish a similar type of automation in Python (or some other Linux compatible language) from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am looking for automation tools on Python which could be easily integrated into Jenkins workflow, at least they should be able to produce junit-compatible xml reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a first glance, it seems that even &lt;strong&gt;unittest&lt;/strong&gt; library build in Python is enough. It has test cases and test suites, asserts and reporting. But it supposed to be used for unittesting, so maybe I will face some limitations in the future. And same thoughts about other libraries like &lt;strong&gt;py.test&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;nose&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked for more high-level framework and found &lt;strong&gt;robotframework&lt;/strong&gt;. But for me, the syntax looks really strange and mostly suitable for web/gui testing, while &lt;em&gt;I have a software without GUI at all&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lettuce&lt;/strong&gt; framework seems pretty much the same, but also warns that junit reports support is not tested yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24726" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T11:38:07.787" LastActivityDate="2019-04-17T08:11:28.477" Title="Functional/Black Box tests automation library on Python" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26251" CreationDate="2017-03-21T07:36:13.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how to loop tests in the Selenium IDE:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11033321/how-to-loop-tests-in-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11033321/how-to-loop-tests-in-selenium-ide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the above post:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download this js file: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/darrenderidder/sideflow/blob/master/sideflow.js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/darrenderidder/sideflow/blob/master/sideflow.js&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Launch Selenium IDE from Firefox and open the options menu.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upload the .js file to the &quot;Selenium Core extensions (user-extensions.js)&quot; field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The js file provides goto, gotoIf and while loop functionality in Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T07:36:13.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26264" CreationDate="2017-03-21T08:23:13.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As said above, security assessment is never a one off, it should be periodically.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason for this (when this manager undoubtedly asks) is that new threats are emerging all the time.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These threats are both external (new virus/hacker/zero day discovered) and internal (disgruntled employee potentially) or introduced (company brings in new software or hardware).&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these things introduce new risk to the existing security structure.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The manager needs to understand that whilst he may well 'tick the box' now, he needs to revalidate periodically to ensure that his systems haven't become unsecured through no fault of his.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try in any discussions to gently emphasize that any negative changes to the secuurity are likely to come about because of change in the world, not because of something he has done. The system becoming unsecured isn't going to be his fault, but it will be something that needs addressing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23465" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T08:23:13.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23998" CreationDate="2017-03-21T08:27:24.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestNG has many combinations for classes, packages, methods...&#xA;For the groups you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test Suite&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groups&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;run&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;include name=&quot;Test Group1&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;include name=&quot;Test Group2&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/run&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/groups&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24730" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T08:27:24.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26271" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T08:41:08.837" Score="2" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;A have given website say - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I need to find out if there is A/B testing being run on the websites.&#xA;I have come across some tools like,&#xA;- Ghostery&#xA;- Conversion.com's Optimizely Chrome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ghostery - Just scans the webpage for different things and also reports back if there any A/B testing that is running on the site. Optimizely is method which Ghostery tells us that the page is running Optimizely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conversion.com's Optimizely is a Chrome plugin, which checks if Optimizely is running on the webpage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if there are any efficient ways to find out if a webpage is conducting A/B testing and if so what elements are under the A/B testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16774" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2021-04-22T23:56:47.257" LastActivityDate="2021-04-22T23:56:47.257" Title="How to find out if a website is performing A/B Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;ab-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16772" CreationDate="2017-03-21T11:25:17.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;During the test run set the window size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(1044,784));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also try to make it larger, on the Jenkins run it might also make the windows larger then the display viewport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T11:25:17.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16772" CreationDate="2017-03-21T13:03:43.450" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me and my team encountered the same issue. In our case, the web app we were testing had a responsive view which caused our selectors to become invalid when browser window was reduced to such a small size (such as when being ran on Jenkins). Below are the steps we used to rectify the issue. Mind you, our Jenkins instance is being run on a VM with Windows installed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a new Jenkins node whose Launch Method is &amp;quot;Launch Agent via Java Web Start&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z3qsE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z3qsE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the jenkins node list, click on that nodes title and get its java web start launch command.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OyiDz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OyiDz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Login to the VM, open up a terminal and run that command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure your jenkins jobs to only run on that node. In the jobs configure page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aYLzA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aYLzA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Final Notes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We opted to have the javaws command to run everytime our VM was booted (via Windows Task Scheduler)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Notice how we didn't specify the node to run as a windows service. In our testing we found that having the node run as a windows service caused the resolution issue to persist.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This method forces the job to run directly on the VM, using the VM's resolution. In other words the resolution you see when you log into the VM will be the resolution your jobs run on. A side effect of this solution is that jobs will no longer run in the background. If you log into the VM with automation running, you'll be able to see it do its thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Windows Services Blurb&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We had initially tried to run the new node as a windows service but wasn't able to find a way to fix the resolution issue. In the off chance that someone has arrived at this thread with this issue and is being forced to run their node as a service, the following may help them (it didn't for us).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set the windows registry key NoInteractiveServices to 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In windows services, disable Interactive Services Detection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the service settings on windows, enable 'Allow Desktop Interaction'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20967" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T13:03:43.450" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26274" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26286" CreationDate="2017-03-21T13:45:55.583" Score="2" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm starting to learn how to write unit tests, and I'm starting with Rails (I've fixed a few Rspec tests to start, but now I'm writing Javascript ones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand at least the basics of an MVC framework, and I understand Models (In rails at least). I still need to learn more though of course. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when running unit tests (I'm using teaspoon-jasmine right now)...what exactly is happening?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say I'm testing a Function in X controller, is that controller being called by itself? Or is the app and all controllers being initiated? Or what? What about if the function interacts with the DOM....how does that work? I know you can use fixtures but what would it normally do? Does a view or something get called by itself with no data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The whole process is just a bit confusing, I understand integration tests because the server literally gets fired up and steps through each component, but I'm not sure how unit tests actually run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastEditorUserId="24353" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T02:41:42.327" LastActivityDate="2020-03-26T00:35:58.717" Title="I'm a little confused on how unit tests run in Rails (or an MVC Framework)" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;ruby-on-rails&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T14:02:49.850" Score="19" ViewCount="20078" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the method to disable this pop-up:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do you want Google Chrome to save your password for this site?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YvrWF.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YvrWF.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to do this with Selenium Webdriver (Java)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24737" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T09:16:14.053" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T15:27:31.537" Title="How to disable Chrome save your password? (Selenium Java)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26115" CreationDate="2017-03-21T14:04:52.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the top level User defined Variables config element declare 1 variable server and assign it a value like &lt;code&gt;${__P(server,test-server-name)}&lt;/code&gt; and when you run your test from command line you can pass the value that you want to use using the -J argument like -Jserver=production-server-name. For test it will be the test server and for production it will be the production server.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hGoig.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hGoig.png&quot; alt=&quot;User Defined Variables&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;You can do something similar for all environment specific variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__P&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__property link for details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14304" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T14:04:52.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26275" CreationDate="2017-03-21T14:37:18.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;WebDriver cannot interact with browser and/or OS specific dialogs. You can make the following changes manually in the browser to disable the dialogue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Choose the Settings menu option &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click the Show advanced settings… (at the bottom of the page)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the “Passwords and forms” section, disable the Manage passwords&#xA;tickbox.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T14:26:49.467" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T14:26:49.467" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T14:54:39.357" Score="6" ViewCount="35690" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's been other questions like these, but I feel like I'm missing some of the basics, so I'll try asking a potential duplicate question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I get/list the contents of each row in a table like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;entity-body list-entity-body entity-content-payload&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;div class=&quot;table-holder l-height-full&quot; style=&quot;overflow-y: scroll; flex: 1 1 auto&quot; data-bind=&quot;fullHeight: 'leave-space-for-following-elements'&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;content-placeholder class=&quot;l-height-full jsx-component-rendered&quot; content-id=&quot;list-page-list&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;content-placeholder class=&quot; jsx-component-rendered&quot; content-id=&quot;standard-list-page-list&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;section class=&quot; jsx-component-rendered&quot; data-bind=&quot;component: { name: listCustomElementName, params: listParams }&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;table class=&quot;table-default&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;thead&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                        ...&#xA;                     &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;/thead&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;tr data-bind=&quot;css: { selected: $parent.selected.indexOf(href) != -1 }, loadRelated: $parent.fieldsFromRelated&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fit-cell-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;a data-bind=&quot;clientHref: href&quot; href=&quot;#/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot; data-server-href=&quot;/Api/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;keyColumn fit-cell-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;a data-bind=&quot;clientHref: href&quot; href=&quot;#/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot; data-server-href=&quot;/Api/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;keyColumn fit-cell-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;a data-bind=&quot;clientHref: href&quot; href=&quot;#/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot; data-server-href=&quot;/Api/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;keyColumn fit-cell-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;a data-bind=&quot;clientHref: href&quot; href=&quot;#/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot; data-server-href=&quot;/Api/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;keyColumn fit-cell-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;a data-bind=&quot;clientHref: href&quot; href=&quot;#/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot; data-server-href=&quot;/Api/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;td class=&quot;fit-cell-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                           &amp;lt;a data-bind=&quot;clientHref: href&quot; href=&quot;#/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot; data-server-href=&quot;/Api/Customers/149999/Locations/000&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other things on the page, and this code is nested quite a but down in the tags, but it should be possible. However, one thing is finding the rows and contens (which I need hints for doing) - another is storing it and using it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: kirbycope has a great answer below. Building on that, how do check each row for a specific name and then click it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE2: Using kirbycope's examples below, here's what I've got so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I search the table for an row containing a specific text - &quot;Bergen&quot; in a td)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var table = GCDriver.Instance.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;table&quot;));&#xA;var rows = table.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;foreach (var row in rows) {&#xA;    if (row.Text.Contains(&quot;Bergen&quot;)) {&#xA;    //Console.WriteLine(row.Text);&#xA;&#xA;    var tds = row.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;    foreach (var entry in tds) {&#xA;        Console.WriteLine(entry.Text);&#xA;        entry.Click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Console.WriteLine line works fine, printing this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;149999-002&#xA;Bergen&#xA;0&#xA;0&#xA;13&#xA;Branch Office&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the entry.Click() line does not, resulting in this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: stale element reference:     &#xA;element is not attached to the page document&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=56.0.2924.87)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.28.455520     &#xA;(cc17746adff54984afff480136733114c6b3704b),platform=Windows NT 10.0.14393 x86_64)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of what I can find on that exception is that people seem to think it's because an element is not loaded, not accessible etc. on the web page, and to implement a wait or similar. But this is not the case here; I can add a timeout of 10 hours and the exception is still there. Also, if I just use the XPath of a specific row and add .Click() to that, it works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE 3:&#xA;As per ChatuD's help below, I'm trying this to get all the elements of a specific row (tr):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var rows = table.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;    foreach (var row in rows) {&#xA;        if (row.Text.Contains(&quot;Bergen&quot;)) {&#xA;            IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; List = row.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;            List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; NewList = new List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;            foreach (var item in List) {&#xA;                NewList.Add(item.Text);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            Actions action3 = new Actions(GCDriver.Instance);&#xA;            action3.MoveToElement(NewList[&amp;lt;Index number &amp;gt;]).Perform();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But - and pardon my lack of both C# and VS knowledge - how do I access the row element in NewList in the last line above? It doesn't work just typing the index number, and &quot;ElementAt&quot; doesn't exist as a method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23988" LastEditorUserId="23988" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T10:36:18.980" LastActivityDate="2019-08-12T07:40:53.353" Title="Selenium Webdriver, C# and accessing rows in a table" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26278" CreationDate="2017-03-21T15:03:27.330" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;Get the table, then its rows, then each row's TDs, then each TD's anchor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var table = driver.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;table&quot;));&#xA;var rows = table.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;foreach (var row in rows)&#xA;{&#xA;     var rowTds = row.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;td&quot;));&#xA;     foreach (var td in rowTds)&#xA;     {&#xA;         var a = td.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;         Console.WriteLine(&quot;HREF: &quot; + a.GetAttribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, if you just want each of the TDs anchors you could:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var tds = driver.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;td&quot;));&#xA;foreach (var td in tds)&#xA;{&#xA;    var a = td.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;    var href = a.GetAttribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;    if(href.Contains(&quot;Customer1234&quot;))&#xA;    {&#xA;        a.Click();&#xA;        break;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The takeaway here is that *.FindElements() returns a collection of elements that you can parse. In much the same way as document.querySelectorAll() does in JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T13:18:43.907" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T13:18:43.907" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26280" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T15:10:50.520" Score="2" ViewCount="1536" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running Selenium along with cucumber with java, and trying to Capture screenshot on fail with htmlunitdriver in java? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you help me how to capture a screenshot with HTMLunitDriver. I tried phantomjs but unfortunately phantom has no function like browserVersion in HtmlUnitDrive. that is why we have to stay with HTMLUNITDRIVER. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24739" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T15:33:50.053" Title="How to take screenshot on Fail, with htmlunitdriver in java?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;&lt;screenshot&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26280" CreationDate="2017-03-21T15:33:50.053" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;HtmlUnit does not have screenshot function, as the page is not rendered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the feedback from the developers on a similar question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;HtmlUnit is a headless browser, and makes no attempt to render&#xA;  content. This is the reason that the HtmlUnitDriver does not support&#xA;  the TakesScreenshot interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you need to take screenshots, then I'd suggest using something like&#xA;  the FirefoxDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Marking as &quot;WontFix&quot; as this is the expected behaviour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium-google-code-issue-archive/issues/1361&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium-google-code-issue-archive/issues/1361&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The thread notes that someone made some code to throw all the html,css,images etc into a zip for analyses or manual rendering in a real browser. Have a look at this HtmlUnit extentions here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/selenium-developers/PTR_j4xLVRM/k2yVq01Fa7oJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/selenium-developers/PTR_j4xLVRM/k2yVq01Fa7oJ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T15:33:50.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T16:55:49.800" Score="3" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in appium with page object pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginPageObjects {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     @CacheLookup&#xA;        @AndroidFindBy(accessibility = &quot;&quot;)&#xA;        public MobileElement mobno;&#xA;&#xA;        @CacheLookup&#xA;        @AndroidFindBy(accessibility = &quot;&quot;)&#xA;        public MobileElement verify;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here how should I identify accessibility ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T16:55:49.800" Title="How to Identify accessibility in Android Hybrid App?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26274" CreationDate="2017-03-21T17:01:45.747" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit tests have nothing in common with MVC. You run your unit test independently of Rails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit test execute your code for models etc, but you don't call them from web framework which is there to serve web pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that you need to improve your general programming skills too. Persevere, and it all the puzzle will fit, eventually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T17:01:45.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26271" CreationDate="2017-03-21T17:20:49.387" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no certain way from a black box perspective, especially if the tests are not just 50/50 binary switches.&#xA;For example if a test is being run at 5% / 95% (as we do in my company) that it will only show up, on average, once every 20 runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the above, there are a few things I can think of that you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the ab test is performed via URL parameters that you can see, e.g. &lt;code&gt;?&amp;amp;AbTest=show_details:true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Visit the page / workflow multiple times and observe any differences.  This may require a tool, one that does screenshot comparisons such as GhostInspector&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a simple test in seleniumIDE and run it repeatedly to observe changes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Write selenium based tests in a programming languages and run multiple times to see if different results are ever located.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thinking outside of the box (whether black or white) - ask the company if they are doing this!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Look in network tools for page source, network tab and cookies and look for anything containing the name ab, abtest ab_test, ab_, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-21T19:48:30.643" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T19:48:30.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26274" CreationDate="2017-03-21T17:32:37.333" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit tests can exist in both server-side rails/ruby code and &lt;em&gt;also&lt;/em&gt; in client side javascript unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unit tests on the server side usually focus on the models.  In Ruby these are the rspec or test unit tests and are written in Ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unit tests on the &lt;em&gt;client side&lt;/em&gt; are frequently written in Jasmine.  Sometimes Konacha.  They will often stub out the HTML (this is why, when they do that, they are Unit and not Integrated or User Acceptance tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Controller tests that mock and stub out models are unit tests, but controller tests that don't may be considered integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;At the end of the day unit tests are just bits of code that sit by the app code and exercise it.  Their dependencies (aside from the specific app code under test) should be stubbed out.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2020-03-26T00:35:58.717" LastActivityDate="2020-03-26T00:35:58.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26253" CreationDate="2017-03-21T17:49:20.313" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several ways you can do this, depending on the nature of your application. Some suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If status changes based on time since creation and you have access to the database, part of your setup is to set the database object creation timestamp to 47:00:59 before now, then wait one second and check the object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is a configurable wait time in the application (such as setting a cool-down time of 48 hours) you can change that setting to something like 30 seconds; create your object, then wait 30 seconds to check that its status changed on schedule.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are running tests on a schedule, you can get creative and have part of your setup create the objects and use the expected &quot;maturation time&quot; in their name if you can. Then you check them during the test run two days later. (I don't recommend this if you can possibly avoid it. It's complicated, messy, and has far too many dependencies involved. But it may be all you have available to you).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can mock the date/time to be what you choose, and set your mock date/time value to when you expect the object to change status. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I had to test this scenario, I'd probably use a combination of #1, #2, and #4 so I had some tests covering status change 48 hours after creation, some covering honoring the wait time interval, and some focusing only on the status change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of the way you approach the problem, you will need to use code rather than the UFT GUI to create and modify your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T17:49:20.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26288" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-21T19:01:44.383" Score="2" ViewCount="333" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to know the difference in performance testing on web, mobile and desktop applications like what would be the use cases and test scenarios on these three different platforms? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24558" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:52:44.483" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:52:44.483" Title="What is difference among performance testing on Mobile, Desktop and Web applications?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26271" CreationDate="2017-03-21T19:46:48.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with some of the earlier comments the best way to know is to either ask or observe (which is much harder). If you know what A/B testing tool the site is using it's possible to do some research within documentation to help understand how things are possible stored. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://help.optimizely.com/Set_Up_Optimizely/Cookies_and_localStorage_in_the_Optimizely_snippet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Optimizely&lt;/a&gt; for example.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a browser standpoint you can look for a few things (this will depend on how the A/B tests are implemented):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the tests are stored in localStorage then they could possibly appear under DevTools &gt; Application &gt; localStorage for that particular page. Or for that matter Session Storage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for a possible URL parameter (Optimizely uses a URL parameter for opting out like &lt;code&gt;http://www.example.com/?optimizely_opt_out=true&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a visual comparison tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://applitools.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Applitools&lt;/a&gt; to take a screen shot of the page and then run several tests to determine if anything on the page changes. Changes are usually recorded as failed tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T19:52:30.627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T19:52:30.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26290" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26291" CreationDate="2017-03-21T20:19:32.487" Score="1" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am compiling a list of general security policies and procedures at the moment. &#xA;The following items have been included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptable use - this policy defines what behaviors are acceptable and what behaviors are not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Internet access - this policy defines whether someone can access internet or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data classification - this policy defines how open (or secret) data should be.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password policy - this policy indicates how password should be chosen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you think of more security policies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T21:00:44.523" Title="Security policies and procedures" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-03-22T05:53:51.403" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26290" CreationDate="2017-03-21T21:00:44.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can you think of more security policies?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimum access, this policy limits access to a need to know basis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network access, this policy limits who can access a network.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;VPN access (remote access), this policy limits who can access a network via VPN remotely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User account management, this policy decides who can create, delete accounts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuration and Change Management, this policy decides who can modify configurations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server security, this policy indicates how a server should be managed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mobile devices, this policy shows how laptops, smartphones are managed as they are easily stolen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guest access, how a guest can access information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meltdown procedure, when security is breached, what should we do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are more policies out there. Above are all I can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-21T21:00:44.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24960" CreationDate="2017-03-22T02:06:35.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a service for exactly this, called Blazemeter: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.blazemeter.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;jmeter tests running on the cloud from any region.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T02:06:35.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26293" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-22T02:52:41.497" Score="7" ViewCount="4274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was creating a Software automation presentation for some of 3rd year university students, covering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why we need Automation. (In order to test 100's of high priority TC within a few hours we need test automation, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Benefits of Test Automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before doing any automation task we need to get a better idea on&#xA;these things:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What to automate and what not to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When to automate and when not to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much to automate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A process of Software Test Automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some sample automation tools.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any other important things I have missed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: My presentation on Testing process, Automation, and Selenium is &lt;a href=&quot;http://prezi.com/2enenw_bg8wn/?utm_campaign=share&amp;amp;utm_medium=copy&amp;amp;rc=ex0share&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:08:36.230" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:16:27.333" Title="Software Automation Testing Presentation Ideas?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3394" CreationDate="2017-03-22T03:16:23.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Project managers want to track the overall progress by a % complete number. Here is a way which works (depends on your organization).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could provide a report that goes something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Total Tests Written - #count&#xA;Total Tests Executed / Tried - #count&#xA;Total Tests Passed / Found to be Working - #count&#xA;Total Tests yet to be Checked / Executed - #count&#xA;Total Tests that cannot be Checked - #count&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this way the PM can find the % that if found to be truly working and the uncertainty % to assess the potential outstanding risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13265" LastEditorUserId="13265" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T03:55:57.673" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T03:55:57.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26293" CreationDate="2017-03-22T03:28:22.807" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why we need Automation.(In order to test 100s of high priority TC within few hours we need test automation....etc)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual tests are slow, expensive, for fast deployment, test automation is a must have.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Facebook, Uber release their software many times a day, without test automation, Facebook and Uber can never become what they are today.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Benefits of Test Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cheaper in a long run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeatable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can utilize time and space better, e.g. run test automation during after office hours.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Before doing any automation task we need to get a better idea on these things: What to automate and what is not to. When to automate and when is not to. How much to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For tasks involving natural language interpretation, GUI interpretation, it is very hard to automate them as they are designed for a human to interpret. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repetitive tasks are natural to automate especially number crunching tasks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation has overheads, if the budget is too small or the deadline is tight, you should avoid it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation can not be creative, manual testing / exploratory testing is a must have to find random bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A process of Software Test Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Too many, Google it. It is basically a software development process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Some samples for automation tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit test framework, Junit, unittest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD framework, robot framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins, free integration tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Github, version control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T03:28:22.807" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26293" CreationDate="2017-03-22T06:36:48.277" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an addition I would also show/talk about these topics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;test automation pyramid&lt;/a&gt; (or &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@NReijmersdal/the-test-eiffeltower-versus-test-pyramids-3b15e8621122#.wmdu99ml4&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-EiffelTower&lt;/a&gt;). To show the balance between different testing levels&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test First/Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; to assure a good test automation coverage. I recently gave a presentation about this topic, find &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.icloud.com/keynote/0CB1rxjY_tuPP15kzOf_Ob51Q#TDDJS&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;my slides here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://puppet.com/blog/continuous-delivery-vs-continuous-deployment-what-s-diff&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous delivery and deployment&lt;/a&gt; and the importance test automation here. How &lt;a href=&quot;https://devops.com/devops-killed-qa/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DevOps is also QA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation_testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mutation testing&lt;/a&gt; as &lt;a href=&quot;http://pitest.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;modern&lt;/a&gt; way to verify test automation coverage. Also read &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.cleancoder.com/uncle-bob/2016/06/10/MutationTesting.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; blog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testable and maintainable code, for both your tests as production code. Think of &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;PageObjects&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID_(object-oriented_design)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOLID&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T06:42:25.727" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T06:42:25.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26297" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26298" CreationDate="2017-03-22T06:41:00.007" Score="1" ViewCount="917" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to enter a mobile number for our app. Still got error my android version is 4.4.4&#xA;This is the screenshot .This is a hybrid mobile app. I took &#xA;Mycode:&#xA;AndroidSetup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class AndroidSetup {&#xA;&#xA;    protected AndroidDriver driver;&#xA;protected void prepareAndroidForAppium() throws MalformedURLException {&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appium-version&quot;, &quot;1.6.3&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;4.4.4&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;Huawei&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;app&quot;, &quot;/home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberLoginPage/app/Qber_Customer_V1.6.0.apk&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.ionicframework.qber653346&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;MainActivity&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://192.168.1.10:4723/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; contextNames = driver.getContextHandles();&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(contextNames.size());&#xA;&#xA;    for (String contextName : contextNames) {&#xA;        System.out.println(contextName);&#xA;        if (contextName.contains(&quot;WEBVIEW&quot;)){&#xA;            driver.context(contextName);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Login&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Login extends BasePage {&#xA;&#xA;    public Login(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Login invalidLogin() {&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;text_field&quot;));&#xA;        element.sendKeys(&quot;944556453&quot;);&#xA;        WebElement element1= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\'main\']/div[2]/div[1]&quot;));&#xA;        element1.click();&#xA;&#xA;            return new Login(driver);&#xA;            }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LoginTest&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Logintest extends AndroidSetup {&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;        prepareAndroidForAppium();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterClass&#xA;    public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;       // driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;    public void login(){&#xA;&#xA;    new Login(driver).invalidLogin();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error report&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2&#xA;NATIVE_APP&#xA;WEBVIEW_com.ionicframework.qber653346&#xA;&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: cannot focus element&#xA;  (Session info: webview=33.0.0.0)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.25.426924 (649f9b868f6783ec9de71c123212b908bf3b232e),platform=Linux 4.4.0-66-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 497 milliseconds&#xA;Build info: version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:49:13 -0700'&#xA;System info: host: 'naveen-Inspiron-3542', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-66-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_121'&#xA;Driver info: io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{app=/home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberLoginPage/app/Qber_Customer_V1.6.0.apk, appPackage=com.ionicframework.qber653346, networkConnectionEnabled=true, warnings={}, databaseEnabled=false, deviceName=192.168.1.8:5555, platform=LINUX, deviceUDID=192.168.1.8:5555, appActivity=MainActivity, desired={app=/home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberLoginPage/app/Qber_Customer_V1.6.0.apk, appPackage=com.ionicframework.qber653346, appActivity=MainActivity, appium-version=1.6.3, platformVersion=4.4.4, platformName=Android, deviceName=Huawei}, appium-version=1.6.3, platformVersion=4.4.4, webStorageEnabled=false, locationContextEnabled=false, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, platformName=Android}]&#xA;Session ID: aa074358-2339-49e4-a077-4c4d9e402dbf&#xA;&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I do ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T10:52:47.933" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T10:52:47.933" Title="Appium hybrid app could not identify the locators" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26297" CreationDate="2017-03-22T08:30:08.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; To automate hybrid app make sure you change the context to Webview before finding out any elements. Following is the code to switch to webview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;       Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; contextNames = driver.getContextHandles();&#xA;        for (String context : contextNames) {&#xA;            if (context.contains(contextName)) {&#xA;                driver.context(context);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this try finding an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b)&lt;/strong&gt; While finding web elements in your app do not typecast element to MobileElement, your above code should be as follow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;text_field&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;element.sendKeys(&quot;944556453&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement element1= driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\'main\']/div[2]/div[1]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;element1.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; After editing question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For new error try below code to send data in input box...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;text_field&quot;));&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;actions.moveToElement(element);&#xA;actions.click();&#xA;actions.sendKeys(&quot;SOME DATA&quot;);&#xA;actions.build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T09:55:23.003" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T09:55:23.003" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26299" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26306" CreationDate="2017-03-22T09:29:17.597" Score="3" ViewCount="4470" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my code I used Explicit Waits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private WebDriverWait wait;&#xA;wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried these methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists(By.Id(&quot;&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&quot;)));&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.Id(&quot;&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&quot;)));&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.CssSelector(&quot;&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&quot;)));&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.PresenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.LinkText(&quot;&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&quot;)));&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But often it fails with these kinds of exception in different lines of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: The element reference is stale.` Either the element is no longer attached to the DOM or the page has been refreshed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: Element is no longer valid &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't find stable solution for this problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you help me with this, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T22:46:37.483" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T02:53:53.407" Title="StaleElementReferenceException with explicit wait" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26300" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-22T10:07:47.053" Score="2" ViewCount="4410" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have an application which gets data of some products using an API and it populates the product names in a &lt;code&gt;select2&lt;/code&gt; element. I want to find a desired element from Select2 and click on it. However, its all javascript and I don't seem to figure out a way out. Here is what I have done: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement dd4 = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;drpdwn_products&quot;));&#xA;Select sProduct = new Select(dd4);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;select2-drpdwn_products-container&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;select2-search__field&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Shampoo&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works fine till here. However, I need to trigger a click on a product item. However, it is not going through. Please suggest a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24755" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T22:48:45.947" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T11:42:56.900" Title="How to get value of selected item from Select2 in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-06-28T03:51:17.427" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26301" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-22T10:24:10.200" Score="1" ViewCount="495" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my code I need to select the checkbox but couldn't select the checkbox.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;label class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;label-input&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;icheckbox&quot; style=&quot;position: relative;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input class=&quot;icheck&quot; data-val=&quot;true&quot; data-val-checkbox=&quot;Please confirm you have accepted Terms &amp;amp;amp; Conditions of Use.&quot; data-val-required=&quot;The Confirm you have accepted Terms &amp;amp;amp; Conditions of Use field is required.&quot; id=&quot;loginModel_IsAllCriteriaConfirm&quot; name=&quot;loginModel.IsAllCriteriaConfirm&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;true&quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; opacity: 0;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ins class=&quot;iCheck-helper&quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; top: 0%; left: 0%; display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; opacity: 0;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/ins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;input name=&quot;loginModel.IsAllCriteriaConfirm&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;label-text&quot;&amp;gt;By ticking this box you also confirm that you &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;accept the Terms &amp;amp;amp; Conditions of Use.&#xA;        &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AutomationService.SelectCheckbox&amp;lt;HtmlCheckBox&amp;gt;(AutomationService.PropertyType.Id, &quot;loginModel_IsAllCriteriaConfirm&quot;, &quot;check&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AutomationService.Click&amp;lt;HtmlCheckBox&amp;gt;(AutomationService.PropertyType.Id, &quot;loginModel_IsAllCriteriaConfirm&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but no success. &#xA;Can someone help me with it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17964" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T18:03:41.873" Title="Coded UI selecting a Check box inner" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26302" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-22T10:33:40.983" Score="1" ViewCount="263" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have multiple Test Cases using a single test method dynamically. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It it possible for TestNG to report the number of passed Test Cases and number of failed Test Cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is possible, how do I do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24759" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T11:43:07.900" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T12:06:22.790" Title="TestNG reporting dynamic test cases" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26302" CreationDate="2017-03-22T10:45:42.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like the TestNG reporter shows this info in the results by default. The screenshots in &lt;a href=&quot;https://examples.javacodegeeks.com/enterprise-java/testng/testng-html-xml-reports-example/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this TestNG reporting howto&lt;/a&gt; shows: Total methods, failed and passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively let a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI-server&lt;/a&gt; (like the free &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;teamcity&lt;/a&gt; or open-source &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jenkins&lt;/a&gt;) report and mail results. You do have a build server which runs the tests on each commit, don't you? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using TeamCity where the result (as I write this) looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qbb20.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qbb20.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hmm need to fix some tests...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T10:45:42.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26307" CreationDate="2017-03-22T11:00:22.940" Score="1" ViewCount="389" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in appium. It couldn't get automate a enter password field. Only issue is enter password field login button click is working fine .I tried by using with xpath, cssselector and also className, But not get to autoamte.&#xA;code for enter password then click on login button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public Login invalidLogin() {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        MobileElement element = (MobileElement) driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\'main\']/div[1]/form/div[1]/div/label/input&quot;));&#xA;        element.sendKeys(&quot;9400693133&quot;);&#xA;        MobileElement element1 = (MobileElement) driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\'main\']/div[2]/div[1]&quot;));&#xA;        element1.click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;   WebDriverWait waitElement = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;    waitElement.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type=‘password’]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            MobileElement element2= (MobileElement) driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type=‘password’]&quot;));&#xA;            element2.sendKeys(&quot;abcd&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;   waitElement.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@ng-click='sentloginrequest(login_passwd)']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            MobileElement element3= (MobileElement) driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@ng-click='sentloginrequest(login_passwd)']&quot;));&#xA;            element3.click();&#xA;&#xA;    return new Login(driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Expected condition failed: waiting for element to be clickable: By.xpath: //input[@type=‘password’] (tried for 20 second(s) with 500 MILLISECONDS interval)&#xA;Build info: version: '3.0.1', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:49:13 -0700'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I tried this too put &lt;code&gt;xpath(&quot;//input[@ng-model=‘login_passwd’]&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Expected condition failed: waiting for element to be clickable: By.xpath: //input[@ng-model=‘login_passwd’] (tried for 20 second(s) with 500 MILLISECONDS interval)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T05:49:05.937" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T05:49:05.937" Title="Appium cannot get to automate a particular field why?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-22T11:13:40.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions option = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;option.AddArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver(option);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24762" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T11:44:33.547" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T11:44:33.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26299" CreationDate="2017-03-22T11:38:18.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try handling these little errors by writing methods that handle errors, like this (better than this but as an example):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void Until_Clickable(this WebDriverWait w, By what)&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        w.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(what));&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (StaleElementReferenceException)&#xA;    {&#xA;        w.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(what));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then if theres a chance that particular element will get stale reference error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private WebDriverWait wait;&#xA;&#xA;wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;wait.Until_Clickable(By.ClassName(&quot;ClassName&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to find exact line/action that throws error though. Is it waiting until conditions ? Is it click ? Is it GetAttribute ? And write extensions for those methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T11:38:18.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26304" CreationDate="2017-03-22T11:47:24.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at the code looks like your app is build in Angular JS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can you try following code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait waitElement = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;waitElement.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(“//input[@type=‘password’]”)));&#xA;&#xA;MobileElement element4= (MobileElement) driver.findElement(By.xpath(“//input[@type=‘password’]”));&#xA;element4.sendKeys(“1233”);&#xA;&#xA;waitElement.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(“//div[@ng-click='sentloginrequest(login_passwd)']”)));&#xA;&#xA;MobileElement element4= (MobileElement) driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@ng-click='sentloginrequest(login_passwd)']&quot;));&#xA;element4.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T12:32:29.860" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T12:32:29.860" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26300" CreationDate="2017-03-22T12:35:13.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Resolved it using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;select2-search__field&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Shampoo&quot; + Keys.ENTER);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24755" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T12:35:13.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26309" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26311" CreationDate="2017-03-22T12:55:48.270" Score="1" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the different types of gamers? How can we categorize it? How is it helpful for performing game testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry to post this question under an irrelevant tag. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24764" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T14:43:09.553" Title="What are different type of gamers and how it is helpful for game testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-22T19:26:41.433" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26278" CreationDate="2017-03-22T14:38:04.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As every line start with a &lt;code&gt;'&amp;lt;a' tag&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; List = driver.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; NewList = new List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;foreach (var item in List)&#xA;            {&#xA;                NewList.Add(item.Text);&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The you will get all the list of items in the table as NewList.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for clicking on an element dont directly use &lt;code&gt;NewList[&amp;lt;Index number&amp;gt;]&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;Use &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions action3 = new Actions(Setup.driver);&#xA;            action3.MoveToElement(NewList[&amp;lt;Index number&amp;gt;]).Perform();&#xA;&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;            action3.Click(NewList[&amp;lt;Index number&amp;gt;]).Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T17:07:07.757" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T17:07:07.757" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26309" CreationDate="2017-03-22T14:43:09.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you mean &quot;what are the different personas of gamers?&quot;, here is a start. You can take this as a start then validate with your marketing team - they surely use personas in marketing, and likely have actual data to help inform the personas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hardcore gamer&lt;/strong&gt;: male, 14-18, plays multiple consoles frequently with the same group of friends. Plays 5 hours on weekdays and 10 hours on weekends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noob&lt;/strong&gt;: male or female, playing the game when visiting their hardcore gamer relative&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Casual&lt;/strong&gt;: Adult who has the latest console and plays a couple of hours a week. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With personas, you can design tests to appeal to each type of persona. For example, the hardcore gamer is going to skip the tutorials and jump right in. While the noob will likely spend all the time in the introductory sections. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps get you started. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T14:43:09.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-22T15:45:07.223" Score="2" ViewCount="1247" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few questions related to explicit waits:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it possible to use more methods to same element?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What combination of them I can use ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Why I still have exceptions with stale element and similar exceptions?         &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.VisibilityOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.XPath(&quot;//tr[@id='messageGrid_DXDataRow0']/td[3]&quot;)));&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.XPath(&quot;//tr[@id='messageGrid_DXDataRow0']/td[3]&quot;)));&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//tr[@id='messageGrid_DXDataRow0']/td[3]&quot;)).Click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T18:30:46.343" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T19:27:36.833" Title="Explicit wait with more methods to same element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26299" CreationDate="2017-03-22T18:25:19.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;StaleElementReferenceException tends to mean 1 of a couple different things.  But it all comes down to the fact that the DOM is undergoing some change after you tell selenium to create a WebElement.  Things that can cause a StaleElementReferenceException is if the node being targeted in the DOM disappears.  Or if it's absolute location in the DOM changes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The trickiest part about this error is that the cause can seemingly be completely unrelated to the piece of the app you're actively interacting with.  Clicking a button that makes changes to a node any number of parents up the chain can cause an element reference to go stale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you tell selenium to get a web element reference, it uses the locator string you provide, whether it be css, class, id, or xpath.  It creates a form of absolute path to that found element, so even if a DOM mutation doesn't necessarily break your css selector, as in, if you were to use it again, it'd still work properly, the absolute reference selenium created under the hood is just no longer accurate.  So the reference has gone stale.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that in mind.  Without having lots of detail about not just your code solution, but the environment you're trying to automate, it's extremely hard to nail the exact reason you might be getting this exception.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try taking some time to think about what you're doing just before this happens. Think about when you create each web element reference, and what mutations in the DOM happen during their life.  Also consider how long you maintain these web element references before allowing them to be garbage collected.  Different apps with their technology choices will justify different shelf lives of your elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T02:53:53.407" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T02:53:53.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26313" CreationDate="2017-03-22T18:41:03.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Might be a little shameless to link my own repo... but this is a pattern I used for years in my previous jobs as an automation engineer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/portalsoup/DriverPages/blob/master/src/main/java/com/jcleary/webdriver/Selector.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/portalsoup/DriverPages/blob/master/src/main/java/com/jcleary/webdriver/Selector.java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This particular object represents a pattern that &quot;proxies&quot; web elements, creating disposable element references on the fly that get used once for a specific action, then is allowed to be garbage collected.  Using this pattern, you can wrap your waits in methods to be chained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chaining &lt;code&gt;this&lt;/code&gt; returning methods that each perform one type of wait can create cause-&gt;effect relations between your multiple conditions.  Such as, an element can't contain text until it's first visible, and it can't be visible until it's present.  So, while you don't need to explicitly check each of those states, if you find that when you want to get text, if you get NoSuchElementExceptions, you may want to first wait for presence, since the last action you performed might've triggered a relevant DOM mutation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;myElement.waitForPresence().waitForVisibility().waitforTextToEquals().click()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason I'm mentioning this even though it's not really a direct answer to what you're asking is because of your other question involving StaleElementReferenceExceptions.  My desire to create a solution to minimize those was the driving factor for this pattern and led it's evolution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T18:48:41.700" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T18:48:41.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26313" CreationDate="2017-03-22T19:00:58.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Q&lt;/strong&gt;: Is it possible to use more methods to same element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: You can do that, but you wouldn't need to. If you check for clickability, like in the code snippet you provided, &#xA;selenium makes a check for elementToBeVisible and elementToBeEnabled. So, you don't have to write&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.VisibilityOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.XPath(&quot;//tr[@id='messageGrid_DXDataRow0']/td[3]&quot;))); &#xA;&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.XPath(&quot;//tr[@id='messageGrid_DXDataRow0']/td[3]&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, just check for clickability and the visibility part will be automatically covered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Q&lt;/strong&gt;: Why I still have exceptions with stale element and similar exceptions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;: Although, this que can be answered with absolute correctness only after seeing code snippet and the error, but, I'll tell you a likely scenario because of which you might be getting the error.&#xA; - Your element becomes (visible and enabled) i.e. clickable and then the page loading takes place (like in case of a dashboard load or other async calls), making the element non visible and when you try to click a non-visible element that was clickable just a second before, you get StaleElementException.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T19:27:36.833" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T19:27:36.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22219" CreationDate="2017-03-22T19:19:44.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Modify the application so that multiple sessions are allowed for the test environment(only).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T19:19:44.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26319" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-22T20:29:27.157" Score="1" ViewCount="329" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using TeamCity to build a .dll containing a test suite for an api.  The api is composed of asynchronous calls to create/read/update/delete values in a database.  The tests in the .dll were created using specflow, xUnit and c#.  Some of my step definitions call the api methods with non-asynchronous code, like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void DoSomething()&#xA;{&#xA;    Task.Run(() =&amp;gt; client.ApiCall()).Result;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tests that call the api in this fashion are executed successfully by TeamCity.&#xA;If however I change the code for that same api call, so that the calling code is asynchronous,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public async Task DoSomething()&#xA;{&#xA; await client.ApiCall();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the build will hang on that test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, I have created a separate project, using XUnit but not SpecFlow, and made the same api call with async and await.  This version of the test does not hang the TeamCity build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24771" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-22T21:14:30.670" LastActivityDate="2017-03-22T21:14:30.670" Title="Automated Tests Hanging TeamCity Build" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;&lt;team-city&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14533" CreationDate="2017-03-23T02:37:23.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use ALM 12.2 to organize our UFT 14 tests.  Just started using Jenkins with HP ALM add-in to run it all.  Jenkins will allow us to run tests across a pool of machines.  Jenkins will also do UFT only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23907" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T02:37:23.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26322" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-23T04:36:51.940" Score="3" ViewCount="4598" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone has a credit card issued in India but he is in the USA. Today is the last date for payment, he is paying around 8.00 PM in the USA but it's next day in India. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can a QA person test such scenarios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24367" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T20:01:37.800" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T05:08:18.313" Title="How do I test time zone scenarios?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26325" CreationDate="2017-03-23T05:50:57.537" Score="1" ViewCount="158" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now I'm in stuck, because identify the locators  I want to click on the google map info window . I tried to do linktext but the linktext not working as expected. it shows an error like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;link text&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;XYZ&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0);&quot; class=&quot;nodecoration&quot; alt=&quot;132&quot;&amp;gt;XYZ&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the 'XYZ' is an info window title on google map&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;waitElement.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\'map\']/div/div/div[1]/div[4]/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/a&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;        MobileElement element5 =(MobileElement) driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\'map\']/div/div/div[1]/div[4]/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        waitElement.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(&quot;XYZ&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        MobileElement element6 =  element5.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;XYZ&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T10:28:41.673" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T15:31:26.807" Title="Appium couldn't identify the locators" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26323" CreationDate="2017-03-23T06:16:28.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Locate the parent element of the Element you want to locate and click.&#xA;Then try to find the desired element with the help of parent element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement desiredElm = parentElm.findelement(By.linkText(&quot;XYZ&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or use actions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions action3 = new Actions(Setup.driver);&#xA;action3.MoveToElement(element6).Perform();&#xA;Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;action3.Click( element6).Perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T15:31:26.807" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T15:31:26.807" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26326" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-23T06:48:47.383" Score="2" ViewCount="290" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're about to implement API tests (in a .Net environment) for our new projects. I have no prior experience with API testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After checking out multiple frameworks and tools, it seems they all focus on (de)serializing to/from objects, and validate the values of those objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this seems like a lot of code for writing simple tests.&#xA;I have found it much easier to compare the actual response JSON to an expected JSON (via deepEquals) without converting them to objects first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone offer some insights in the advantages of deserialization? (Or why using literal compares might not be optimal?)&#xA;I don't quite see the use of having a class for every endpoint if I already now the exact JSON to expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T07:19:40.497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:02:23.627" Title="API testing: Is it okay to work with (only) deep equals?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26155" CreationDate="2017-03-23T07:10:50.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, here is the answer to my question:&#xA;Before starting &lt;code&gt;switch&lt;/code&gt; case, I performed one check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ElementOperation.checkElementAvailable(qdeDriver, ElementRepositoryLibrary.getLocator(), ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementValue());&#xA;        if(ElementOperation.ElementAvailablity == true) {&#xA;            switch(ElementRepositoryLibrary.getElementType()) {&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;checkElementAvailable&lt;/code&gt; is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static boolean checkElementAvailable(AndroidDriver&amp;lt;?&amp;gt; eleOpDriver, String locator, String elementValue) throws Exception {&#xA;    try {&#xA;        ElementAvailablity = findElement(eleOpDriver, locator, elementValue).isDisplayed();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Element Availablity for &quot; + elementValue + &quot; is &quot; + ElementAvailablity);&#xA;        }&#xA;    catch (Exception e) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;General exception for &quot; + elementValue);&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;return ElementAvailablity;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22740" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T07:10:50.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26328" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26333" CreationDate="2017-03-23T07:14:23.603" Score="2" ViewCount="8270" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is geckodriver? How to use it in Selenium Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23195" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T05:27:53.683" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T05:27:53.683" Title="What is geckodriver? How to use it in Selenium Webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;&lt;geckodriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-23T14:13:17.083" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26322" CreationDate="2017-03-23T07:32:30.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the type of the credit card, whether it's an &lt;a href=&quot;https://wallethub.com/edu/international-credit-card-guide/25628/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;international credit card&lt;/a&gt; or it's just a national (in this case, an Indian Bank issued the credit card) credit card.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the international credit card monthly payment, based on the scenario above, the payment will be accepted with additional charges based on the Credit Card term &amp;amp; condition. You could have these following scenarios to be tested based on the timezone:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The payment should be successfully completed without additional charge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The payment should be successfully completed with additional charge (if it's surpassed the last payment date)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's a local credit card which can't be used internationally, the scenario will be to check whether it's a valid or invalid credit card when you proceed any transaction abroad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if the guy only wants to pay for the credit card monthly payment based on the transaction he did in India but he is currently abroad (any other countries), you can refer to the previous scenario (with or without Additional Charges/Fines based on the time in India).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22534" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T07:32:30.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26328" CreationDate="2017-03-23T07:40:49.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure if you had googled it before you post your question here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, first you need to know what Gecko is. Gecko is a web browser engine used in many applications developed by Mozilla Foundation and the Mozilla Corporation. Where Gecko Driver is the link between your tests in Selenium and the Firefox browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;GeckoDriver is a proxy for using W3C WebDriver-compatible clients to interact with Gecko-based browsers, in this case, Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Selenium 3 will not have any native implementation of Firefox, we have to direct all the driver commands through Gecko Driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to use it in Selenium? Check this &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/how-to-use-geckodriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22534" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T07:40:49.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26331" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-23T08:02:59.160" Score="0" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone tell me how to add selenium dlls to test studio and write selenium code in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/teststudio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Telerik Test Studio&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i am trying to add selenium dlls to Test Studio using &quot;Settings&quot; -&gt; Script - Add Reference it is not taking the selenium dll files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tFMg3.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tFMg3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24779" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T08:34:08.693" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T18:46:38.720" Title="How to add selenium dlls to test studio?" Tags="&lt;telerik&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26328" CreationDate="2017-03-23T09:04:05.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lot of article are present on internet regarding GeckoDriver and Selenium 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gecko&lt;/strong&gt; is a webbrowser-engine used in many applications developed by Mozilla Foundation and the Mozilla Corporation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gecko Driver is the connection between your tests in Selenium and the Firefox program. compatible clients to interact with Gecko-based browsers i.e. Mozilla Firefox for this situation. As Selenium 3 won't have any local usage of Firefox, we need to direct all the driver through Gecko Driver. Gecko Driver is an executable record that you need in one of the framework way before beginning your tests. Firefox program actualizes the WebDriver convention utilizing an executable called &lt;code&gt;GeckoDriver.exe&lt;/code&gt;. This executable starts a server on your system. All your tests communicate to this server to run your tests. It translates calls into the &lt;strong&gt;Marionette&lt;/strong&gt; automation protocol by acting as a proxy between the local and remote ends&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had created some demo on Selenium 3 using Gecko driver using Java. Github code link is provided in blog. &lt;a href=&quot;http://qalititude.blogspot.in/2017/03/selenium-3-with-java-demo-on-ubuntu.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check out my blog for demo code&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T09:04:05.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26328" CreationDate="2017-03-23T09:05:09.433" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;GeckoDriver:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Proxy for using W3C WebDriver-compatible clients to interact with Gecko-based browsers. Geckodriver provides HTTP API described by the WebDriver protocol to communicate with Gecko browsers, such as Firefox version above 47.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marionette:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Marionette (the next generation of FirefoxDriver) is turned on by default from Selenium 3. Even if you are working with older versions of Firefox browser, Selenium 3 expects you to set a path to the driver executable by the webdriver.gecko.driver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details on Marionette &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/QA/Marionette&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note: If you are using Selenium version below 2.53, you don't need gecko additional driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not doing so, it will throw exception: &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&quot;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.gecko.driver system property;&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to use it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using Selenium 3.0 and you are running your test on Firefox; in this case, you have to download and set the path of the geckodriver as like chrome in selenium 2.0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;path of/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with RemotWebDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;path of/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;marionette&quot;, true);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T09:05:09.433" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26334" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26335" CreationDate="2017-03-23T09:26:55.333" Score="2" ViewCount="2224" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hey, I got a problem with installation of Testlink.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After Launching XAMPP, I got that: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Checking if /var/testlink/logs/ directory exists Failed!  &#xA;Checking if /var/testlink/upload_area/ directory exists Failed! &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I&lt;code&gt;m 100% sure that I got right path because I copied it from my windows. Now my&lt;/code&gt;custom_config.inc.php` looks like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$g_repositoryPath = 'C:\xampp\htdocs\testlink\upload_area';                                                                &#xA;$tlCfg-&amp;gt;log_path = 'C:\xampp\htdocs\testlink\logs';&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying copying the same code to &lt;code&gt;config.inc.php&lt;/code&gt; (via reading testlink installation tutorials) - with no result.&#xA;Now my &lt;code&gt;config.php&lt;/code&gt; has a lot of numbers in it as default. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's wrong guys? (OS: Win10) I will be grateful for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24780" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T03:01:07.700" LastActivityDate="2019-08-23T06:52:58.777" Title="Windows: Testlink Installation (logs/upload_area problem)" Tags="&lt;windows&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26334" CreationDate="2017-03-23T10:03:01.300" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Might have below problem in : &lt;code&gt;config.inc.php&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First of all restart Apache httpd service and try again to install.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Change path as per below : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$g_repositoryPath = 'C:/xampp/htdocs/testlink/upload_area/'; &#xA;$tlCfg-&amp;gt;log_path = 'C:/xampp/htdocs/testlink/logs/';&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And restart Apache httpd service and try again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note : Windows copied path is not working as shown. It should be &lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;\\&lt;/code&gt;. I prefer &lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt; which is supported in all OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope above solution would resolve your this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T10:03:01.300" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26323" CreationDate="2017-03-23T10:08:30.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is happening because you are trying to locate a non-hyperlink element  element using &lt;strong&gt;linkText&lt;/strong&gt;. Try locating the element using the code below -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; waitElement.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.Xpath(//div[@title ='General Hospital Ernakulam')));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &lt;strong&gt;linkText&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;partialLinktext&lt;/strong&gt; work only for elements with HTML tag &quot;a&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T12:12:09.867" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T12:12:09.867" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26340" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-23T14:23:43.000" Score="2" ViewCount="5696" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll describe my situation. I'm using wait method here &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.linkText(&quot;Tehingud&quot;))).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a 10 seconds wait timeout &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(login.getDriver(), 10); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right after the element that comes before this one is clicked, I'm getting this error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Element X is not clickable at point. Other element would receive the click:&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I changed the &lt;code&gt;visibilityOfElementLocated&lt;/code&gt; method to &lt;code&gt;elementToBeClickable&lt;/code&gt; and then got this error  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;stale element reference: element is not attached to the page document&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The help that I'm looking for is not only telling me what to use but I would really appreciate if someone could explain me why this doesn't work? My understanding is that in any case it should be waiting 10 seconds at least, shouldn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24788" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T20:24:39.910" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T20:01:55.357" Title="visibilityOfElementLocated is not working" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26341" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-23T14:39:16.797" Score="13" ViewCount="42034" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came up in a situation where I have to identify an element using XPath and my element starts with &lt;code&gt;apostrophe (')&lt;/code&gt;. I will give the example below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the usual way we write some &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; By identifier = By.xpath(&quot;//span[@trans='WbOrderHeader.OneCancelsAnother']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above code after that equals we write the &lt;code&gt;WbOrderHeader.OneCancelsAnother&lt;/code&gt; inside the apostrophe. but what if my identifier starts with an apostrophe? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example, the same code will be like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By identifier = By.xpath(&quot;//span[@trans=''WbOrderHeader.OneCancelsAnother']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so the identifier will be &lt;code&gt;WbOrderHeader.OneCancelsAnother&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one &lt;code&gt;apostrophe (')&lt;/code&gt; at the beginning and there is none at the end. In this case, when I write the XPath the way I wrote here, it's not identifying. How can I solve this problem? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to write XPath in this kind of situation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24355" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T06:12:51.050" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T06:20:33.750" Title="How to write XPath if I have 'apostrophe' in my XPath element?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26341" CreationDate="2017-03-23T14:53:58.030" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;The character &lt;code&gt;'&lt;/code&gt; is an apostrophe. The colon character is &lt;code&gt;:&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium unfortunately only supports XPath 1.0, so this is tricky. You can do it by escaping the &lt;code&gt;'&lt;/code&gt; with a backslash like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//span[@trans=\&quot;'WbOrderHeader.OneCancelsAnother\&quot;]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24789" LastEditorUserId="14516" LastEditDate="2017-03-23T16:15:37.923" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T16:15:37.923" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26340" CreationDate="2017-03-23T15:54:48.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error &quot;Element X is not clickable at point. Other element would receive the click:&quot; usually means that if Selenium tries to click on the given element there is another element in the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get around this by using JavaScript to click instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = login.getDriver();&#xA;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Tehingud&quot;));&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(element));&#xA;((JavaScriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click()&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use C# but tried to make the code sample (above) in Java from memory so there could be a syntax error or two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T15:54:48.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26326" CreationDate="2017-03-23T16:31:27.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would deserialize the JSON string to a JSON object so that you can extract certain values in the object easily. This allows you to interact with object and validate its properties rather than the whole. This is especially nice when the test data is not static. You can Assert that the email address was updated and in the error message print out just the email address. Like Assert.AreEqual(&quot;james@example.com&quot;, account.Email);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not really a lot of work. If you have the JSON string you can copy+paste it into some online tools (like &lt;a href=&quot;http://json2csharp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://json2csharp.com/&lt;/a&gt;) that will generate the object Type for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of deserialization using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.newtonsoft.com/json/help/html/DeserializeObject.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Json.NET&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Account&#xA;{&#xA;    public string Email { get; set; }&#xA;    public bool Active { get; set; }&#xA;    public DateTime CreatedDate { get; set; }&#xA;    public IList&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; Roles { get; set; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string json = @&quot;{&#xA;  'Email': 'james@example.com',&#xA;  'Active': true,&#xA;  'CreatedDate': '2013-01-20T00:00:00Z',&#xA;  'Roles': [&#xA;    'User',&#xA;    'Admin'&#xA;  ]&#xA;}&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;Account account = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject&amp;lt;Account&amp;gt;(json);&#xA;&#xA;Console.WriteLine(account.Email);&#xA;// james@example.com&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T16:31:27.677" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26341" CreationDate="2017-03-23T17:25:13.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can handle this by using double &lt;code&gt;quote(&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[@trans=&quot;'WbOrderHeader.OneCancelsAnother&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the below text with value &lt;strong&gt;Don't see your product?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am handling with the following Xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[contains(text(),&quot;Don't see your product?&quot;)]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's know if that works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21764" LastEditorUserId="21764" LastEditDate="2019-12-08T20:59:56.477" LastActivityDate="2019-12-08T20:59:56.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26340" CreationDate="2017-03-23T18:44:46.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You get a StaleElementReferenceException in either of the two cases listed below -&#xA;1. Your element is no longer attached to the DOM&#xA;2. Element has been deleted&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before making any changes, please check if the identifier is correct or not, i.e. your &quot;&lt;code&gt;By.(linkText---)&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Resolution: &#xA;&quot;Element X is not clickable at point. Other element would receive the click&quot;&#xA;You are getting this error because the element that needs be clicked is not yet clickable which might be because your page hasn't finished loading or a modal has appeared which makes your element un-clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To solve your problem, try this -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.linkText(&quot;Tehingud&quot;)));&#xA;WebElement ele = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(&quot;Tehingud&quot;)));&#xA;Thread.sleep (1000);&#xA;ele.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-03-24T06:40:53.270" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T06:40:53.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26331" CreationDate="2017-03-23T18:46:38.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would not recommend using this method, because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is tool-dependent;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You cannot replicate this procedure with one-click - both if you have a new computer or if you want to distribute the project in a team.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You won't have control (and probably have any idea) on which version of your dependencies you are using.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should consider using a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Package_manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;package manager&lt;/a&gt;. Assuming you are using C#, an option is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NuGet&lt;/a&gt;, which is developed by Microsoft. It has &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nuget.org/packages?q=selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;many packages related to Selenium&lt;/a&gt;. You can see how to specify your configuration file &lt;a href=&quot;https://nuget.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=.nuspec%20v1.2%20Format&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T18:46:38.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23828" CreationDate="2017-03-23T20:23:33.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can install &lt;a href=&quot;http://tomcat.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache Tom Cat&lt;/a&gt; or [Jenkins] in your local system or you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebTours Demo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5197" LastActivityDate="2017-03-23T20:23:33.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26352" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26356" CreationDate="2017-03-24T01:25:14.933" Score="0" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;So im pretty used to Automated integration testing on Rails, however i've been trying to move into learning Node.js and getting used to writing integration tests on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im used to using Capybara, so I don't know the bindings for node. Im assuming i'd use the JS one's...however it's a lot more confusing than Capybara as im a bit lost in reading the API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example: I see in the API calls for &quot;Webdriver&quot; such as &lt;code&gt;this.findElement( locator )&lt;/code&gt; but also ones for Chrome/PhantomJS. So maybe the issue is...im not sure what Selenium exactly &quot;IS&quot;. When using Capybara (for rails) I used the Poltergeist (Which uses PhantomJS) driver.....so in that case Capybara was just serving as a DSL for the PhantomJS driver right? or was it binding to WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think im getting all of the &quot;Drivers&quot; confused. Can anyone explain them? Capybara was very straightforward, but I can't stay in rails land forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T02:59:23.813" Title="Selenium integration testing on Node?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26326" CreationDate="2017-03-24T02:54:11.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; you can perform a deep equals (and still ignore fields), and there are &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate#match&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;multiple&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate/tree/master/karate-demo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;examples&lt;/a&gt; you can refer to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: am dev.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, Karate runs on the JVM - but since it is based on Cucumber, the scripts are &quot;language neutral&quot;.  And the JUnit reports should work fine with your existing CI infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T02:54:11.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14652" CreationDate="2017-03-24T02:57:41.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; is a relatively new project that is specialized for testing JSON web-services and it runs on the JVM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: am dev.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a set of &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate/tree/master/karate-demo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demos and examples&lt;/a&gt; that will get you started very easily.  One of the highlights of Karate is the &quot;native&quot; support for JSON and being able to perform a &quot;deep equals&quot; on two payloads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T02:57:41.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26352" CreationDate="2017-03-24T02:59:23.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend you study Selenium javascript &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/javascript/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/javascript/index.html&lt;/a&gt; and also read up on node.js &lt;a href=&quot;https://nodejs.org/en/docs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://nodejs.org/en/docs/&lt;/a&gt; which is utilized.  This is straight code and not a utility or encapsulated framework layer.  You would need to build one yourself or integrate with an existing one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a code library, so something like Capybara integrates the selenium library into a framework to utilize.  I usually like building mine from scratch to customize for each project, but the principals are the same.  Look into the core of selenium and then into how nodejs.  You can also look into adapting other frameworks for usage with node.js&amp;amp;Selenium as well, but would likely have to customize a bit unless one is already setup to integrate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general you will see in reading the code that the framework classes extend and utilize the Selenium classes in the library.  Each one has it's on uniqueness though, so I recommend starting at the base of Selenium &amp;amp; node.js and then figure out what framework you want to extend or encapsulate it with.  Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T02:59:23.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2017-03-24T03:01:41.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; is a relatively new project that is specialized for testing HTTP API-s of all kinds including SOAP and REST.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: am dev.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the highlights of Karate is that although it runs on the JVM - since it is based on Cucumber, you don't need programming knowledge to be able to write tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is an extensive set of &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate/tree/master/karate-demo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demos and examples&lt;/a&gt; that can get you started very easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T03:01:41.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17272" CreationDate="2017-03-24T03:04:29.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to add &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; to the list of tools that should be evaluated for testing web-services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: am dev.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the nice things about Karate is that although it runs on the JVM, it is language-neutral, and you actually don't need programming experience to be able to use it. It supports REST, SOAP, JSON and XML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The set of &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate/tree/master/karate-demo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;demos and examples&lt;/a&gt; should get you started very easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T03:04:29.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27701" CreationDate="2017-03-24T07:07:42.247" Score="0" ViewCount="714" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can only see methods to retrieve the test cases if they are bind with any plan. (getTestCasesForTestPlan). I want to retrieve all the test cases written by the user before its used in a plan. Basically, I want to track the count of test cases, written by, created at, all such data before hand (before adding to test plan) through testlink API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24801" LastActivityDate="2020-08-27T15:27:45.227" Title="How to get all test cases from a project through testlink api?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26362" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-24T07:23:32.703" Score="0" ViewCount="749" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now in the application that i have to automate, there's a jhtml Area element. This is a sample jhtml area: &lt;a href=&quot;http://pietschsoft.com/demo/jhtmlarea/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://pietschsoft.com/demo/jhtmlarea/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the jhtml area has two elements for the text you enter. I have tried entering text using the text area tag. But doesn't work out. Any ideas? &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zz96K.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zz96K.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2021-04-03T10:04:45.463" Title="How do you enter data from a jhtml Area element using selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13111" CreationDate="2017-03-24T07:28:52.213" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Aggree with Paul Muir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SOAPUI is simple enough to get started on REST webservices. Just create a new SOAPUI rest project and import the WADL. Personally it took me couple of days getting to know the SOAPUI elements and groovy scripting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover you can use your SOAPUI projects to run through maven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T07:28:52.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23611" CreationDate="2017-03-24T07:50:30.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although, the error that you are stating is just an informational message and it should not stop your execution. But, if you are facing problem while execution you would need to check few combinations of IEDriverServer and selenium version to resolve the issue &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you to use the 32 bit version of IEDriverServer even if your machine has 64 bit OS because I faced slowness issue while using 64 bit IEDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Settings -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zoom&lt;/strong&gt; 100%&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Protected mode&lt;/strong&gt; - Either enabled for all zones or disabled for all zones.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;IEDriver.exe&lt;/strong&gt; - Try using 32 bit&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium biniding&lt;/strong&gt; - 1st try with 3.0. If it doesn't work, try 2.53.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T07:50:30.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26365" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-24T07:55:33.160" Score="0" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once interviewer asked me how you gonna test the e-commerce site, i tried to explain flow wise and module wise but he looks unhappy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24803" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T10:54:52.857" Title="How to answer if interviewer ask how do you test e-commerce site" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-03-24T10:56:09.407" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26366" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26267" CreationDate="2017-03-24T08:35:37.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are right robotframework is very suitable for web/GUI testing, yet - it's hardly limited to that. True that the majority of the users (myself including) utilize it mainly for that - and that's because it is very easy to start with, and has a marvelous layer (library) above the regular Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet, it's a &quot;framework&quot; (obvious by its name :) - it gives you structure, execution and logging, baked-in flow control, and standardized extensibility. Nothing more, and nothing less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And that's the beauty of it - it does not force you to work on GUI projects; on the contrary - you have enough flexibility to do whatever you want. (a guy, in SO I think, was thinking and asking how to control his raspberry pi pins, an overkill to use RF IMHO, yet - a possibility).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I for one, apart from the expected web tests, have separate suites which are testing only json APIs, others - sql, with no graphical part involved. An interface is just an interface, software by definition is data processing - input of data, business rules ran over it, output of data (sometimes &quot;time&quot; is the data :). Apologies for the lyrical deviation from the topic :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My point is - don't write off robotframework, especially on the premise its heaviest use (and SO questions) is on GUIs. It is highly versatile and powerful; look at the standard libraries (listed on its webpage), and the community ones (in pypy) - this will give you a hint what is users are actually doing with it. There's a standard telnet library btw, if that's your thing with the device you're testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Closing thought - I've used unittest, pytest, and they are great - for their intended purpose - unit testing, on the code. Really great, but are far too bare-metal for any practical functional, integration or system testing. That's why there are higher-level frameworks in the first place, right? :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I'm not affiliated to robotframework in any way, but a heavy (ab)user, and strongly advocate for it in any format I can (stackexchange included:).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take my words with a grain of salt, my &quot;emotional connection&quot; to it may very well be one of those &quot;everything looks like a nail when you have a hammer&quot; :). Yet, after an year and something of usage, 2000+ integration and e2e tests, 3 different systems and one for-the-fun-of-it site scraper which BizDev now want to use for business purposes (poor them :D), I couldn't be more happier with my choice of the framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16408" LastEditorUserId="16408" LastEditDate="2017-03-24T08:44:30.727" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T08:44:30.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26367" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-24T08:39:49.490" Score="0" ViewCount="4082" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt; and My app is a hybrid app it is coded with &lt;strong&gt;Angular js&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have scenario to automate.  A page opens like select date -&amp;gt; today, tomorrow and pick a date&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;item item-divider&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Select Date&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button class=&amp;quot;button button-block button-light&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Today&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;button class=&amp;quot;button button-block button-light&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Tomorrow&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;button class=&amp;quot;button button-block button-light&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Pick a date&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say I select the date as today. How to automate this scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mtCbP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mtCbP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2021-02-24T06:41:49.607" LastActivityDate="2021-03-26T08:04:20.457" Title="How to automate a select an item from list with Appium?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26362" CreationDate="2017-03-24T09:21:59.230" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per given sample URL, if you observe the HTML of JHTML it inside the iframe, so to enter the text inside you have to first switch to the iframe and than enter the text. Your code may look like below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//iframe&quot;)); // xpath of the iframe&#xA;driver.switchTo(iframe);&#xA;&#xA;// Now enter the text in text area.&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//body&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Whatever text you want to send&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T09:21:59.230" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26367" CreationDate="2017-03-24T10:43:22.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are getting this because of the classname used. &#xA;Try the code below to get all textviews elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; textViews = driver.findElements(By.Xpath(&quot;//*[conatains(@class,'button-block'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for (WebElement textView : textViews)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    System.out.println( textView.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2018-05-06T18:37:29.480" LastActivityDate="2018-05-06T18:37:29.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26365" CreationDate="2017-03-24T10:54:52.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;what kind of e-commerce ? which function need to test ? do you intend to talk all cases of e-commerce site in the interview ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the main point of this question is to see how deep you go to collect/clarify information from client/stakeholder, NOT how to test :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18358" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T10:54:52.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18623" CreationDate="2017-03-24T11:02:39.693" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before you do your operations inside the iframe, first try to check if any iframe is present or not. you can do something like this before your code to verify:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void getIframe(final WebDriver driver, final String id) {&#xA;    final List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; iframes = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;iframe&quot;));&#xA;    for (WebElement iframe : iframes) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Frame name :&quot; + iframe.getAttribute(&quot;name&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't see those iframes listed then with Shailendra's solution of scrolling and checking for iframes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastEditorUserId="24784" LastEditDate="2017-03-24T11:08:08.513" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T11:08:08.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26372" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-24T11:46:35.150" Score="1" ViewCount="3817" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to find an element that is present inside a table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg:&#xA;The question is very simple, can I mark my own google calendar from 3pm to 4pm tomorrow using a Selenium script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24416" LastEditorUserId="24416" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T03:21:23.083" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T12:41:22.617" Title="Can I find an element which is at the inside a table in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-07-24T04:02:10.620" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26375" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26377" CreationDate="2017-03-24T12:29:37.560" Score="1" ViewCount="33530" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not able to convert webelement to string values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; a=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='content']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i want convert above &lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;String&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24808" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-03-24T15:49:20.533" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T17:02:51.487" Title="how to convert WebElement to string in selenium using java?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26372" CreationDate="2017-03-24T12:35:32.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Provide CSS row and column identifiers.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example if 5 table rows have the same class and 3 table columns have the same class but only 1 column-row combination cell is unique then use identifiers such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;table.row_class.column_class &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;table tr.some_row_class td.some_column_class`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand the 'two tables' requirement however so I may not be understanding your question.  A detailed example would help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T12:35:32.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26375" CreationDate="2017-03-24T12:44:30.297" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do something like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links =driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='content']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;String []linkText =new String[links.size()];&#xA;int i=0;&#xA;&#xA;//Storing List elements text into String array&#xA;for(WebElement a: links)&#xA;{&#xA;   linkText[i]=a.getText();&#xA;   i++;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T12:44:30.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18623" CreationDate="2017-03-24T13:04:02.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scrolling page using cordinates:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor b = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;b.executeScript(&quot;scroll(0,400)&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;scrolling page to perticular location by using webelement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    JavascriptExecutor b = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    WebElement c = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;&quot;));&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    b.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true)&quot;,c);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hope this helps!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24808" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T13:04:02.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26018" CreationDate="2017-03-24T13:48:32.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This happens when you run the robot or pybot command from folder other than the one which contains your .robot tedt suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Navigate to the folder which contains the test suite and then run the pybot/ robot command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also download RIDE - pip install robotframework-ride - It is the best IDE for robot framework if you are using windows machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T13:48:32.297" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26288" CreationDate="2017-03-24T15:26:21.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the question is generic, here is a generic answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Web&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Client side browser performance measurements should be established to understand the load on the client side (each browser is a separate client and needs to be treated as such)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Server and database/other back end parts should be measured to assure proper server performance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network performance can be extrapolated from the total performance time minus the server performance and client performance (total - serv - client = network)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Desktop&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database/Interface response times to distinguish dependency performance measurements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gui render times to determine the user performance impact (you can subtract the dependency performance to get what is strictly app rendering vs. communications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Again if you have a network issue you can subtract the dependency and render times from the network time.  In general the desktop app should bypass network issues, otherwise why not use a web app instead.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web Server and database/other back end parts should be measured to assure proper server performance (this is often the same as web)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rendering of the Client device is needed to determine client side performance (each device is different and checked as such)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network performance can be extrapolated from the total performance time minus the server performance and client device performance (total - serv - client device = network)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Some of these take alot of different approaches/tooling/specifics so if you need more specific information please ask such after researching and specifying your exact needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.P.S. Test cases and use cases depend on your app not the method, so you would actually have to provide specifics and re-ask that question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T15:26:21.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26018" CreationDate="2017-03-24T16:31:48.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;data source does not exist&quot; simply means that you gave a filename to robot, and robot can't find that file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ pybot /path/to/non-existent/file&#xA;[ ERROR ] Parsing '/path/to/non-existent/file' failed: Data source does not exist.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means that either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the file truly does not exist. For example, maybe you forgot to save the file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you misspelled the filename&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you spelled the filename correct, the file exists, but it is in a different directory than the current working directory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first thing to do is to verify if the file exists. For example, you could type &lt;code&gt;ls testcase1.robot&lt;/code&gt; and see if it shows up. If &lt;code&gt;ls&lt;/code&gt; can't find the file, neither can robot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other thing to do is to &lt;code&gt;cd&lt;/code&gt; to the folder that contains the test. That should solve the problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The final solution is to simply give the full path to the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T16:31:48.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26375" CreationDate="2017-03-24T16:53:12.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's another way you can do it using java 8 features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By byXpath = By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='content']/table/tbody/tr/td[2]&quot;);&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links = driver.findElements(byXpath);&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; texts = links.stream().map(WebElement::getText).collect(Collectors.toList());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will iterate through each WebElement, call getText, and collect all the returned values into a brand new list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2017-03-24T17:02:51.487" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T17:02:51.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26384" CreationDate="2017-03-24T18:16:39.397" Score="2" ViewCount="3360" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I am currently researching and comparing test automation tools that would automate tests on the web (as in, testing a web site), and are relatively cheap and simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One such tool I am looking at is &lt;a href=&quot;https://leapwork.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LeapWork&lt;/a&gt;.  But all I've found review-wise are 2 blogs, where both are short and high-level, and one of them is even from LeapWork's site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone here used LeapWork before?  If so, what are the pros and cons you've experienced in using LeapWork?  Are there also other tools you've used and how do they compare?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do plan on using the trial myself, but I always like getting other peoples' opinions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9234" LastEditorUserId="32203" LastEditDate="2018-06-01T06:24:58.253" LastActivityDate="2018-06-19T11:21:23.143" Title="Looking for meaningful review of Leapwork" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26383" CreationDate="2017-03-24T19:24:13.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Leaptest focus seems to be as a visual recognition type tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tools are usually fairly limited in functionality and create tests that are fragile and easily broken by page changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When using selectors to identify parts of the web page, currently a human programmer will make the best decision, ensuring that the locator is robust, unique and not tied into the page layout&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Sometimes &lt;code&gt;table tr td td td&lt;/code&gt; would be auto generated by such a tool as a unique identifier but which table cell to use will actually change over time as the table output, layout and content gets changed and what would work much better would be &lt;code&gt;table#todays_selection td.edit_current_amount&lt;/code&gt;, i.e. using classes and ID's to narrow down the right element.  This assumes that suitable classes, ID's, data attributes, etc. exist on the page.  If they don't exist or are used sparingly you will have to be selective in which you use, will require developers to improve identification of elements or, worst choice, you will have to use include layout tags in your tests making them more brittle and likely to break when the pages get changed for non-related reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice would be to start using the Firefox seleniumIDE plugin.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;When you outgrow it, use ruby-rspec-selenium which is my tool of choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-24T19:29:15.743" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T19:29:15.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23306" CreationDate="2017-03-24T19:42:13.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I dont know about appium 1.6.0, but I installed 1.6.3 using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;npm install -g appium -no-shrinkwrap&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got that from:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://discuss.appium.io/t/upgrade-appium-client-to-latest-appium-version/6054/20&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;appium.io&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had the same issue but since, I'm much happier with 1.6.3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24492" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T19:42:13.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17224" CreationDate="2017-03-24T20:15:34.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using SpecFlow with XUnit and c#, and I find that well-written SpecFlow scenario steps keep the step definition code's purpose very clear.  It effectively documents and comments the code, and encourages single responsibility and reuse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24771" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T20:15:34.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25028" CreationDate="2017-03-24T22:33:58.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Specify the link you want to click.&#xA;It works for me, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V6lFc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/V6lFc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-24T22:33:58.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26416" CreationDate="2017-03-25T02:44:15.170" Score="1" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to setup environment for Web Testing using Capybara &amp;amp; Cucumber. I am hitting command &quot;&lt;code&gt;gem install capybara&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to install but getting an error on the terminal is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ERROR: Could not find a valid gem 'capybara' (&amp;gt;= 0), here is why: Unable to download data from https://rubygems.org/ - SSL_connect return ned=1 errno=0 state=SSLv3 read server certificate B: certificate verify failed ( https://api.rubygems.org/specs.4.8.gz)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone from us faced this issue on Windows 64 bit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T12:30:27.627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T14:42:34.710" Title="ERROR at the time of capybara installation" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-25T06:34:11.233" Score="3" ViewCount="12206" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to get the selected option's text using selenium webdriver node.js.&#xA;In java we can use getFirstSelectedOption but it is not working in node.js.&#xA;How it is possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my sample code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;url&quot;).then(function () {&#xA;                return driver.findElements(webdriver.By.className('test-class'))&#xA;            }).then(function (elements) {&#xA;                elements.forEach(function(el){&#xA;                    el.sendKeys('4');&#xA;                })&#xA;            }).then(function () {&#xA;                return driver.findElements(webdriver.By.className('test-class'))&#xA;            }).then(function (elements) {&#xA;                elements.forEach(function(el){&#xA;                    el.getFirstSelectedOption().getText().then(function(text){&#xA;                        assert.equal('4', text);&#xA;                    })&#xA;                });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24815" LastEditorUserId="24815" LastEditDate="2017-03-25T10:51:58.377" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T13:07:29.323" Title="How to get selected option text from a select box selenium node js" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7868" CreationDate="2017-03-25T07:16:43.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Ex1 {&#xA;private WebDriver d;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void testUntitled() throws Exception {&#xA;d = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;d.get(&quot;http://register.rediff.com/commonreg/index.php?redr=http://portfolio.rediff.com/money/jsp/loginnew.jsp?redr=home&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;String[] exp = {&quot;Month&quot;, &quot;JAN&quot;, &quot;FEB&quot;, &quot;MAR&quot;, &quot;APR&quot;, &quot;MAY&quot;, &quot;JUN&quot;, &quot;JUL&quot;, &quot;AUG&quot;, &quot;SEP&quot;, &quot;OCT&quot;, &quot;NOV&quot;, &quot;DEC&quot;}; &#xA;WebElement dropdown = d.findElement(By.id(&quot;date_mon&quot;));  &#xA;        Select select = new Select(dropdown);  &#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; options = select.getOptions();&#xA;        loop:  &#xA;        for(WebElement we:options)  &#xA;        {  &#xA;         for (int i=0; i&amp;lt;exp.length; i++){&#xA;             if (we.getText().equals(exp[i])){&#xA;             System.out.println(&quot;Matched&quot;);&#xA;             break loop;&#xA;             } &#xA;          }&#xA;        }  &#xA;      }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24816" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T04:33:04.740" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T04:33:04.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-25T09:50:20.580" Score="3" ViewCount="4616" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to do Performance Testing Using JMeter over Password Encrypted website, the detail scenario is as follows,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The website uses a password Encryption algorithm such as,&#xA;1.  Client send a request &#xA;2.  Server Authenticate the request and send a random key&#xA;3.  The random key is interpreted by client &amp;amp; it process it with password&#xA;4.  Client send encrypted password to server&#xA;5.  The sever Authenticate &amp;amp; if validate it set user cookies in browser&#xA;6.  The cookie is validated in all request send to sever after login for validation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question here, while preforming Load / Performance testing using Jmeter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I could not perform the operation for by-passing authentication or generate client encrypted password.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the any technique / process where I can perform such operations??? or is there any way such that browser set cookies can be track &amp;amp; injected in the call send through JMeter eg. regular expression for sending CSRF Token ,if yes please let me know.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The failure of such operation would not help in calculating the performance of site because for every call in jmeter the user is set to be invalid as it could not found proper cookies set in browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastActivityDate="2018-02-03T12:49:32.040" Title="Performance Testing Using JMeter over Password Encrypted website" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;password&gt;&lt;encryption&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26389" CreationDate="2017-03-25T12:49:31.667" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/javascript/module/selenium-webdriver/lib/webdriver_exports_WebElement.html#getAttribute&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;getAttribute()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; on select elements, should look something like this in your case: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element = driver.findElement(By.className('test-class')));&#xA;element.getAttribute('value').then(function(selected) {&#xA;  assert.equal('4', selected);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-25T12:49:31.667" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26395" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-25T15:54:37.587" Score="1" ViewCount="137" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;I am needing advice on how best to approach a testing for a project where I am the only tester.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there standard processes that every tester should be following? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there specific patterns that every tester should be following? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Currently I'm working in a new project where I'm the only tester in my company. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I know to write the test cases, automation tests in selenium, communicate with development &amp;amp; business analyst resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have requirements provided by the client&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have only prepared &amp;amp; executed test cases manually and then automated the particular test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T11:32:11.230" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T10:02:45.197" Title="Are there standard processes and patterns for a single tester approach to a project?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26395" CreationDate="2017-03-26T00:23:46.513" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First learn the business domain and processes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing the happy path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing the sad path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automating the happy path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing optional paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automating the sad path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automating optional paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing browser/device&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance and Load Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automating browser/device&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T00:23:46.513" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24999" CreationDate="2017-03-26T00:45:26.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are multiple factors why your script is not simulating the expected load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No sync timers added.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You might be using default heap memory. Change it to higher number.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use latest version of JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitor the log console for any errors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your script in non-GUI mode.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable all the listeners. Log everything to JTL file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validate your script for 1 thread and check whether file is uploading or not. If it is uploading, then check above said points. If it is failing, you need to fix your script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The load 45K users is for per hour or per day. If it is per day, use 45K/8hrs=5625 transactions per hour in your test plan. You can achieve above said transactions using minimal threads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5197" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T00:45:26.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26392" CreationDate="2017-03-26T00:48:40.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Authorization Manager&lt;/a&gt; sampler? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trace your request using Fiddler or browser developer tool and create your requests manually rather than recording. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5197" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T00:48:40.990" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26399" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27084" CreationDate="2017-03-26T00:51:38.157" Score="3" ViewCount="384" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been hearing a term called 'Stair-Step Performance Testing' from students. Is there any official term as such. Please share your thoughts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5197" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T15:35:48.060" Title="Is there a term called Stair-Step Performance Testing?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25399" CreationDate="2017-03-26T06:27:22.203" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends what you are looking for, will you need to use all 5 textViews in your tests or will you only need the 3rd and never use others? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the former create a list of webElements, then iterate through the list depending on which element you need at the moment. The syntax is pretty easy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elementsList = driver.findElements(&quot;your locator strategy&quot;)&#xA;elementsList.get(2).click; //this will click on the highlighted element from your screenshot&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the latter:&#xA;1. use either an xpath or UiAutomator locator (both have options to get to a specific element) &#xA;2. use page factory and @FindBys annotation to get a chained locator.&#xA;3. if the element you're looking for has a unique id - then you can locate it with id, else - don't. If you absolutely want to use id locators, then ask your developers to add unique ids to all elements that you need&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22093" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T06:27:22.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26401" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-26T08:04:48.573" Score="0" ViewCount="325" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem :&lt;/strong&gt; I used to view/analyze Appium server Console logs during any test cases execution. But the problem is Appium server console always Auto scroll to top which result hiding latest logs. I have to manually scroll to down to see the latest log.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I manage to make Console log show latest logs and always scroll to down like eclipse console. I am looking for permanent solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium Windows 1.4.16.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer screen shot (hide some workspace and apk details using pen)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7LAk3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7LAk3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2021-04-08T14:06:15.803" Title="How to auto scroll Appium Server Console log at bottom" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;&lt;logs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26395" CreationDate="2017-03-26T10:16:35.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I start but working with the stakeholders to build a common understanding of the scope of the testing activity.  To do that I use a cut down version of the IEEE 829 master test plan.  The idea is to capture as much information form the stakeholders as you can without creating an un-ncessarly detailed document (good chance no one else will really read it anyway.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I keep updating this plan through the project.  Even if there is a sign off I keep that version and continue to update a new copy as I go.  I use it as a map and to measure progress and identify scope creep through the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Introduction&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Test Items&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clearly identify the thing you’re focused on;  Also the things that are dependencies or affected but aren’t going to be your focus.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its important that everyone agrees on where to draw the line around the system under test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Features to be tested&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A simple list of each features in scope.  It doesn’t need to be every feature of the system, just the ones that mater in this round of testing/ Usually all new features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Features NOT to be tested&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Often at the start of the project this will be empty but as things that are identify as too hard and low value might be added here as you go.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Risk failure modes&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not in IEEE 829, I add this to prioritise things.  Here I create a mind map of failure modes and possible causes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Approach&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In this section describe the kinds of testing and tasks you plan to undertake.  Exploratory testing for this bit, automation for that bit.  Build a special framework to manage bits C, D, and E etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The exact makeup will depend on what you’re testing.  My advice, if you’re already committed, is to underpromise and overdeliver .&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;…&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pick and choose the next IEEE 829 headings based on the projects specifics, environmental requirements, scheduled, test complete criteria, etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then create a series of test tasks to address the features and anticipated failure modes.  I don’t try to address each feature with an individual test case.  In my experience things move to fast to keep up trying to do that, and often ended up spending days writing up notes on old news.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you’re working in sprints add a few test tasks, the ones that make sense, to the backlog.  Also plan time to review stories that are being worked on by the development group and deal with any bugs that might come up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24426" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T10:16:35.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26404" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-26T12:15:13.753" Score="3" ViewCount="552" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our web-application(built on Bootstrap and Angular), certain tabs in the navbar are displayed only to particular users. Certain input boxes/ buttons are enabled only to certain users. I want to write test scripts using Selenium/ Sikuli to test this functionality and I want your suggestions in this approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the ideas is to navigate to different pages in the UI, and use Selenium's &lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt; functions and make assertions. And capture screenshots accordingly? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other idea is to use Sikuli and match certain submenus being present on hover, capture screenshots and compare with the expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which approach do you guys think is the better one to use? Also, please suggest if there's another way to do it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would also be so glad if you guys can provide me a generic method to test this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24825" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T08:01:15.150" Title="AngularJS - Testing User Permissions/ User Access Levels" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;testing-practice&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26051" CreationDate="2017-03-26T14:38:10.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a solution for Ruby with Capybara:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Capybara.register_driver :selenium_chrome do |app|&#xA;Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser =&amp;gt; :chrome, args: [&quot;--disable-infobars&quot;])&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24828" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T14:38:10.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26404" CreationDate="2017-03-26T15:49:58.873" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest go for selenium. Sikuli is pixel based image identification tool and it would fail if monitor for system on which you are running tests change.&#xA;Also selenium gives you many more flexibilities like possibility of execution on grid which would get limited with sikuli.&#xA;Specifically for user or permission level based testing i would recommend:&#xA;1. Create different tests to validate objects for specific user permissions accordingly&#xA;2. If all tests are related to permission levels then you can have a assertion wrapper which would assert different things based on logged in user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24762" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T15:49:58.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26409" CreationDate="2017-03-26T18:29:57.343" Score="1" ViewCount="177" Body="&lt;p&gt;If we are to use equivalent partitioning technique, which one of the following answers is the most efficient to test against SQL injection?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bbbbb,12345,'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;%, ', @, abn123&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;', ab123&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2020-11-25T20:10:01.500" Title="One question from ISTQB security exam, how to test SQL injection efficiently?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26399" CreationDate="2017-03-26T18:32:46.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Stair-Step&quot; is also know as &quot;Ramp up&quot;.&#xA;In this type of Performance Testing, load is increased in a schedule intervals to check the server performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24817" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T18:32:46.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26407" CreationDate="2017-03-26T19:33:36.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The answer is 3.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;bbbbb,12345,'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer is correct, but from equivalent partitioning point of view, it offers two valid inputs, bbbbb and 12345, from valid input partitioning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;%, ', @, abn123&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer has three valid inputs from valid input partitioning. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;', 123&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer has one valid input and one escape character.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer has only got one escape character, no valid input at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please bear in mind, ISTQB exam does not cover everything, letting alone SQL injection techniques. I suggest you spend some time studying SQL injection, there is a good link here. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_Injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SQL Injection OWASP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T19:33:36.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-26T19:36:00.077" Score="1" ViewCount="471" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote code selenium web driver c # and I try to access the file excel is not working. It is throwing System.IndexOutOfRange Exception. cannot find column 5. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   public class ExcelLib&#xA;&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;  private static DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string fileName)&#xA;&#xA;       {&#xA;&#xA;           //open file and returns as Stream&#xA;           FileStream stream = File.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);&#xA;           //Createopenxmlreader via ExcelReaderFactory&#xA;           IExcelDataReader excelReader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateOpenXmlReader(stream); //.xlsx&#xA;           //Set the First Row as Column Name&#xA;           excelReader.IsFirstRowAsColumnNames = true;&#xA;           //Return as DataSet&#xA;           DataSet result = excelReader.AsDataSet();&#xA;           //Get all the Tables&#xA;           DataTableCollection table = result.Tables;&#xA;           //Store it in DataTable&#xA;           DataTable resultTable = table[&quot;Sheet1&quot;];&#xA;&#xA;           //return&#xA;           return resultTable;&#xA;       }&#xA;&#xA;     static List&amp;lt;Datacollection&amp;gt; dataCol = new List&amp;lt;Datacollection&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;       public static void PopulateInCollection(string fileName)&#xA;       {&#xA;           DataTable table = ExcelToDataTable(fileName);&#xA;&#xA;           //Iterate through the rows and columns of the Table&#xA;           for (int row = 1; row &amp;lt;= table.Rows.Count; row++)&#xA;           {&#xA;               for (int col = 0; col &amp;lt;= table.Columns.Count; col++)&#xA;               {&#xA;                   Datacollection dtTable = new Datacollection()&#xA;                   {&#xA;                       rowNumber = row,&#xA;                       colName = table.Columns[col].ColumnName,&#xA;                       colValue = table.Rows[row - 1][col].ToString()      &#xA;                   };&#xA;                   //Add all the details for each row&#xA;                   dataCol.Add(dtTable);&#xA;               }&#xA;           }&#xA;       }&#xA;&#xA;       public static string ReadData(int rowNumber, string columnName)&#xA;       {&#xA;           try&#xA;           {&#xA;               //Retriving Data using LINQ to reduce much of iterations&#xA;               string data = (from colData in dataCol&#xA;                              where colData.colName == columnName &amp;amp;&amp;amp; colData.rowNumber == rowNumber&#xA;                              select colData.colValue).SingleOrDefault();&#xA;&#xA;               //var datas = dataCol.Where(x =&amp;gt; x.colName == columnName &amp;amp;&amp;amp; x.rowNumber == rowNumber).SingleOrDefault().colValue;&#xA;               return data.ToString();&#xA;           }&#xA;           catch (Exception e)&#xA;           {&#xA;               return null;&#xA;           }&#xA;       }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Datacollection&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    public int rowNumber { get; set; }&#xA;    public string colName { get; set; }&#xA;    public string colValue { get; set; }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;_______________________________________________________________________________&#xA;&#xA;        [Test]&#xA;        public void ExecuteTest()&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            ExcelLib.PopulateInCollection(@&quot;C:\Users\Numg\Desktop\da\data.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Login to Application&#xA;            LoginPageObject pageLogin = new LoginPageObject();&#xA;            EAPageObject pageEA = pageLogin.Login(ExcelLib.ReadData(1, &quot;UserName&quot;), ExcelLib.ReadData(1, &quot;Password&quot;));&#xA;            //Fill User Details&#xA;            pageEA.FillUserForm(ExcelLib.ReadData(1, &quot;Initial&quot;), ExcelLib.ReadData(1, &quot;MiddleName&quot;), ExcelLib.ReadData(1, &quot;FirstName&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24316" LastEditorUserId="24316" LastEditDate="2017-03-26T20:18:42.060" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T04:33:20.897" Title="selenium web driver c # and I try to access the file excel is not working.get error &gt; System.IndexOutOfRange Exception. cannot find column 5" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26399" CreationDate="2017-03-26T21:42:53.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Load is increased over time and by set increments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Users observe whether the server load on memory, cpu, etc. and response time remain constant, increase proportionally or start to increase disproportionately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is done in steps or increments for efficiency. Instead of 5000 different tests with 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8... 5000 users you will get most of what you want to know from 'steps' such as 1,2,3,10,20,50,100,1000,5000 user loads i.e. 9 tests instead of 5000 tests.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sometimes the process is repeated if a certain point is found where individual performance start to suffer with more small steps around that point to pin-point it, e.g. if 100 was ok but 1000 was not you might try again with 150,200,400,800&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use with caution.  Don't do premature optimization is a strong concept to repect.  In a few weeks the database or server may become more powerful.  Try to remain implementation independent as long as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-26T21:52:02.610" LastActivityDate="2017-03-26T21:52:02.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26412" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-26T23:20:24.127" Score="2" ViewCount="1608" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using JMeter 3.1 to run a http-endpoint test &amp;amp; I need to extract a very small portion of the return JSON I receive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using the JSON Extractor postprocessor element &amp;amp; JSONPath expressions to find my value. &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/25424/how-to-use-http-request-json-extractorusing-jmeter-variable-in-jmeter-with-res&quot;&gt;This post&lt;/a&gt; does a &lt;em&gt;really&lt;/em&gt; good job of explaining how to assign the value I'm looking for to a runtime variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it stops short of explaining how to save said variable to an output file. I can check to make sure that I've pulled the data using an assertion rule; I can even save the true/false value of that check. Saving the variable itself however, seems less straightforward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have 3 ideas and am likely going to spend the next few hours exploring them &amp;amp; checking this thread. So,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Will any of these work?:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Figure out what &amp;quot;Sub Results&amp;quot; means to JMeter and see if I can get my JSON snippet there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make another sampler that (somehow) just reads &amp;amp; returns a variable I pass it at runtime, whenever a thread executes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Figure out if &amp;quot;Assertion Results&amp;quot; is capable of saving anything other than &amp;quot;TRUE&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;FALSE.&amp;quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qh63o.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qh63o.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Here's an image!&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24832" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T23:53:01.337" Title="How do I save JMeter variables created at runtime?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26410" CreationDate="2017-03-27T00:19:41.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you pls try modifying the following section of the PopulateInCollection code to something like below. The issue is due to the for iterator initialized at 0 but trying to loop until column count. For example, if your Columns.Count is 4, you would want it to run until 4 times, col = 0,1,2,3 hence the following code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main Change&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;Instead of &lt;code&gt;col&amp;lt;=table.Columns.Count&lt;/code&gt; in the loop condition, Change it to &lt;code&gt;col&amp;lt; table.Columns.Count&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (int col = 0; col &amp;lt; table.Columns.Count; col++)&#xA;{&#xA;     Datacollection dtTable = new Datacollection()&#xA;     {&#xA;         rowNumber = row,&#xA;         colName = table.Columns[col].ColumnName,&#xA;         colValue = table.Rows[row - 1][col].ToString()      &#xA;     };&#xA;     //Add all the details for each row&#xA;     dataCol.Add(dtTable);&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13265" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T04:33:20.897" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T04:33:20.897" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26404" CreationDate="2017-03-27T00:22:55.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Selenium way is the best way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the methods mentioned by you you can also try to set up a positive test (if you know for sure that the object will be visible for the user) to make some interaction with the object. For example, selecting the radio button or navigating to the link. This can also be a test in your suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13265" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T00:22:55.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26341" CreationDate="2017-03-27T01:22:03.307" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;To make an apostrophe that's in XPath be interpreted literally, you can use the &lt;em&gt;concat&lt;/em&gt; function that's defined in the W3C XPath recommendation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notes about this function:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;1. Its format is as follows (where n &amp;ge; 2 and each of the arguments is a string):&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;concat&lt;/em&gt;(s&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, ..., s&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;2. It returns the concatenation of its parameters.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;3. To add a sequence of one or more apostrophes to the string that's returned, enclose such a sequence in double quotes (when using Java, enclose in &lt;code&gt;\&quot;&lt;/code&gt;) and use the result as one of the function arguments (as shown in the code below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your example, the following would work:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//span[@trans=concat(\&quot;'\&quot;, 'WbOrderHeader.OneCancelsAnother')]&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24797" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T01:22:03.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26388" CreationDate="2017-03-27T04:13:22.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason for this issue is because - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is an &lt;strong&gt;'SSL' certificate error&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you try to connect to the 'rubygems.org' server via the command prompt, What you need to do is follow the instructions listed here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/luislavena/f064211759ee0f806c88#manual-solution-to-ssl-issue&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://gist.github.com/luislavena/f064211759ee0f806c88#manual-solution-to-ssl-issue&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Basically you create a new '.pem' file and save it inside&#xA;  'C:\Ruby21-x64\lib\ruby\2.1.0\rubygems\ssl_certs' folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: your path might be a little different but this is the basic idea!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T04:13:22.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26418" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-27T07:45:21.617" Score="0" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/common/base/Function&#xA;    at MyPackage.MyClass.main(MyClass.java:12)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.google.common.base.Function&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24243" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T07:48:22.903" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T09:37:50.853" Title="On Webdriver, unable to upload the program due to following error, Please help" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-03-28T10:20:13.257" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26418" CreationDate="2017-03-27T09:37:50.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:&#xA;  com/google/common/base/Function&#xA;      at MyPackage.MyClass.main(MyClass.java:12)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is probably because you added only &lt;code&gt;selenium-java-2.53.1.jar&lt;/code&gt; into your build path. You also need to add &lt;code&gt;selenium-server-standalone-2.53.1.jar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24836" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T09:37:50.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26422" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26423" CreationDate="2017-03-27T10:29:08.123" Score="0" ViewCount="16450" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the website link (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.espn.in/mlb/schedule/_/date/20170329&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.espn.in/mlb/schedule/_/date/20170329&lt;/a&gt;)&#xA;Below is my code. I need to get all href hyperlinks. When i executed the below code its showing as null. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output should be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/tex/texas-rangers    http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/col/colorado-rockies http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328127&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/chw/chicago-white-sox    http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/kc/kansas-city-royals    http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328107&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/cle/cleveland-indians    http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/mil/milwaukee-brewers    http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328108&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/sf/san-francisco-giants  http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/chc/chicago-cubs http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328116&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/lad/los-angeles-dodgers  http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/cin/cincinnati-reds  http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328117&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/sd/san-diego-padres  http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/lad/los-angeles-dodgers  http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328119&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/oak/oakland-athletics    http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/laa/los-angeles-angels   http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328103&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/ari/arizona-diamondbacks http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/sea/seattle-mariners http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328112&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/bos/boston-red-sox   http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/pit/pittsburgh-pirates   http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328123&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/det/detroit-tigers   http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/nyy/new-york-yankees http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328110&#xA;http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/mia/miami-marlins    http://www.espn.in/mlb/team/_/name/wsh/washington-nationals http://www.espn.com/mlb/conversation?gameId=370328120&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;D:\\D Drive\\Software\\Selenium Latest Software\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // Create a new instance of the Firefox driver&#xA;            WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;            // maximize window&#xA;              driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;              // pass url&#xA;              driver.get(&quot;http://www.espn.in/mlb/schedule/_/date/20170329&quot;);    &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;              //Get number of rows In table.&#xA;              int Row_count = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='sched-container']/div[2]/table/tbody/tr&quot;)).size();&#xA;              System.out.println(&quot;Number Of Rows = &quot;+Row_count);&#xA;&#xA;            //Get number of columns In table.&#xA;              int Col_count = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='sched-container']/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td&quot;)).size();&#xA;              System.out.println(&quot;Number Of Columns = &quot;+Col_count);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;             //divided xpath In three parts to pass Row_count and Col_count values.&#xA;              String first_part = &quot;.//*[@id='sched-container']/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[&quot;;&#xA;              String second_part = &quot;]/td[&quot;;&#xA;              String third_part = &quot;]&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;              for(int i=1; i&amp;lt;=Row_count; i++) {&#xA;&#xA;                  for(int j=1; j&amp;lt;=Col_count; j++ )&#xA;                  {&#xA;                       String final_xpath = first_part+i+second_part+j+third_part;&#xA;                       //String Table_data = driver.findElement(By.xpath(final_xpath)).getText();&#xA;                       String Table_data = driver.findElement(By.xpath(final_xpath)).getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                       System.out.print(Table_data +&quot;  &quot;);&#xA;                  }&#xA;                  System.out.println(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;              }&#xA;&#xA;            //Wait for 5 Sec&#xA;            Thread.sleep(5);&#xA;&#xA;            // Close the driver&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;OUTPUT:&#xA;Number Of Rows = 20&#xA;Number Of Columns = 7&#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null  &#xA;null  null  null  null  null  null  null &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24563" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T11:51:18.407" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T10:33:47.580" Title="How to get href attribute value using selenium java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26422" CreationDate="2017-03-27T11:15:14.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Updated code according to comment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to execute following code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.espn.in/mlb/schedule/_/date/20170329&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='sched-container']/div[2]/table/tbody/tr&quot;));&#xA;        int rows = list.size();&#xA;&#xA;        for (int i= 1; i &amp;lt;= rows; i++) {&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='sched-container']/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[&quot;+i+&quot;]//a&quot;));&#xA;        String rowLinks = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;        for (WebElement link : links) {&#xA;&#xA;             rowLinks = rowLinks + link.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;) + &quot;   ,   &quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(rowLinks);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15345" LastEditorUserId="15345" LastEditDate="2017-03-27T11:48:54.083" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T11:48:54.083" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26275" CreationDate="2017-03-27T17:21:54.697" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42793277/chromedriver-user-preferences-ignored&quot;&gt;See the answer to &quot;ChromeDriver user preferences ignored&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cOpt.AddUserProfilePreference(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;cOpt.AddUserProfilePreference(&quot;profile.password_manager_enabled&quot;, false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24848" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T17:21:54.697" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26428" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-27T17:44:38.393" Score="1" ViewCount="1599" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PROBLEM:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;FF Browser is showing this error on running following program : The address wasn’t understood.Firefox doesn’t know how to open this address because one of the following protocols (c) isn’t associated with any program or is not allowed in this context.You might need to install other software to open this address.How to resolve this error?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PROGRAM:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.packt.webdriver.chapter3;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.*;&#xA;&#xA;public class ActionBuildPerform&#xA;{&#xA;   public static void main(String[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Users\\Pragati    Chaturvedi\\Desktop\\Selenium Web Driver\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;C:\\Users\\Pragati Chaturvedi\\Desktop\\Selenium Web Driver\\8850OS_Code\\Chapter 2\\HTML\\Selectable.html&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement one = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;one&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement three = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;three&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement five = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;five&quot;)); // Add all the actions into the Actions builder.&#xA;    Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    builder.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).click(one).click(three).click(five).keyUp(Keys.CONTROL); // Generate the composite action.&#xA;    Action compositeAction = builder.build(); //Perform the composite action.&#xA;    compositeAction.perform();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Console Output:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1490634882750   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:19171&#xA;1490634883544   mozprofile::profile INFO    Using profile path       &#xA;C:\Users\PRAGAT~1\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.dcx9kJg3PT9r&#xA;1490634883559   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Starting browser C:\Program    &#xA;Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe with args []&#xA;1490634883575   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Connecting to Marionette on   &#xA;localhost:59372&#xA;[GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs   &#xA;0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0&#xA;1490634885334   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 59372&#xA;[GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs    &#xA;0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0&#xA;Mar 27, 2017 1:14:49 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake    &#xA;createSession&#xA;INFO: Detected dialect: W3C&#xA;JavaScript error: chrome://marionette/content/listener.js, line 1081:     &#xA;NS_ERROR_UNKNOWN_PROTOCOL: &#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Reached     &#xA;error page: about:neterror?                                     &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA; e=unknownProtocolFound&amp;amp;u=c%3A%5CUsers%5CPragati%2520Chaturvedi%5CDesktop%5CSelenium%2520Web%2520Driver%5C8850OS_Code%5CChapter%25202%5CHTML%5CSelectable.html&amp;amp;c=&amp;amp;f=regular&amp;amp;d=Firefox%20doesn%E2%80%99t%20know%20how%20to%20open%20this%20address%2C%20because%20one%20of%20the%20following%20protocols%20%28c%29%20isn%E2%80%99t%20associated%20with%20any%20program%20or%20is%20not%20allowed%20in%20this%20context.&#xA;Build info: version: '3.3.1', revision: '5234b32', time: '2017-03-10    &#xA;09:04:52 -0800'&#xA;System info: host: 'PRAGZ-LAPPY', ip: '10.0.0.110', os.name: 'Windows 10',    &#xA;os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_121'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities     &#xA;  [{moz:profile=C:\Users\PRAGAT~1\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.dcx9kJg3PT9r, &#xA;rotatable=false, timeouts={implicit=0, page load=300000, script=30000},   &#xA;pageLoadStrategy=normal, platform=ANY, specificationLevel=0,   &#xA;moz:accessibilityChecks=false, acceptInsecureCerts=false,   &#xA;browserVersion=52.0.1, platformVersion=10.0, moz:processID=19664,   &#xA;browserName=firefox, platformName=windows_nt}]&#xA;Session ID: 430d1b8b-4d2c-4cdc-939e-ccfa8fb543f4&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;at   &#xA;&#xA;sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorI    mpl.java:62)&#xA;at    &#xA;    sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorA    ccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)&#xA;at    &#xA;org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:133)&#xA;at   org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:99)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:43)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:163)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:604)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.get(RemoteWebDriver.java:325)&#xA;at     com.packt.webdriver.chapter3.ActionBuildPerform.main(ActionBuildPerform.java:13)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML FILE ASSOCIATED (Selectable.html):-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!doctype html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;html lang=&quot;en&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;meta charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;title&amp;gt;jQuery UI Selectable - Display as grid&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot;    &#xA;href=&quot;http://code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.3/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;http://code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.3/jquery-ui.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;/resources/demos/style.css&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;style&amp;gt;&#xA;#feedback { font-size: 1.4em; }&#xA;#selectable .ui-selecting { background: #FECA40; }&#xA;#selectable .ui-selected { background: #F39814; color: white; }&#xA;#selectable { list-style-type: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 450px; }&#xA;#selectable li { float: left; width: 100px; height: 80px; font-size: 4em;     &#xA;text-align: center; }&#xA;&amp;lt;/style&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;$(function() {&#xA;$( &quot;#selectable&quot; ).selectable();&#xA;});&#xA;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ol id=&quot;selectable&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;one&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;two&quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;three&quot;&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;four&quot;&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;five&quot;&amp;gt;5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;six&quot;&amp;gt;6&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;seven&quot;&amp;gt;7&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;eight&quot;&amp;gt;8&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;nine&quot;&amp;gt;9&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;ten&quot;&amp;gt;10&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;eleven&quot;&amp;gt;11&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;ui-state-default&quot; name=&quot;twelve&quot;&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ol&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TEST DATA&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;1.  Java :- java version &quot;1.8.0_121&quot; Java(TM) SE Run-time Environment (build&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    1.8.0_121-b13) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.121-b13, mixed&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    mode)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2.  Selenium Excutable JAR files:-  selenium-server-standalone-3.3.1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3.  FF Browser:-     52.0.1 (64-bit)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;4   Eclipse:-   Eclipse IDE for Java Developers Version: Neon.2 Release (4.6.2)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    Build id: 20161208-0600&lt;br&gt;&#xA;5.  Geckon Driver:- geckodriver-v0.15.0-win64&lt;br&gt;&#xA;6.  OS:-    Microsoft WIndows 10 Home - 64-Bit          &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24849" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T06:55:40.387" Title="The address wasn’t understood Firefox doesn’t know how to open this address" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26429" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-27T19:29:08.227" Score="1" ViewCount="854" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am still unclear why you need Properties file in Selenium. It seems to me that everything stored there can be more effectively store either in Excel or with @DataProvider and @Parameters annotations, so why is Properties file really needed? Also, what is the difference between Properties file and Config file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T05:14:57.990" Title="Properties File in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26429" CreationDate="2017-03-27T20:51:06.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Property and Config file are essentially the same thing except for what is stored in each one.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Config&lt;/strong&gt; file is typically utilized to vary a configuration of a setup in order to allow the same functionality to exist, but the configuration differs slightly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Property&lt;/strong&gt; file is typically utilized to set a bunch of variable properties related to whatever the specific purpose is.  This isn't usually &quot;configuration&quot; of the environment, but more parameters for operating specific code interactions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is just code libraries, so the question is really more related to how you want to utilize the libraries in a framework in order to execute test automation.  I find that property/config files are useful for setting up driver specifics such as screen resolution, driver types, other parameters that may shift depending on criteria of the test execution.  I usually keep the maps and keywords in the external data source where there is more modification happening and leave the config file there to govern the &quot;environment&quot; setup for the tests to run on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method is totally up to the scripter though and many variations can be utilized and accomplish the same goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T20:51:06.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26428" CreationDate="2017-03-27T22:22:05.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you missing a &lt;code&gt;}&lt;/code&gt; here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  compositeAction.perform();&#xA;  } &amp;lt;-------&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is missing in your code but maybe it is partial code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T22:22:05.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17359" CreationDate="2017-03-27T22:22:37.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with the no rebuild after test concept, things don't always build the same. Strange but true.  I've seen one build that was influenced system load.  But more likely is a risk of the build machine changing (updating modules or dependencies) during the regression cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why include the fact its a release candidate in the version label?  why not just release the last build that passed testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of:&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;4.0-rc5&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;use &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;4.0-05&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;or &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;4.0-12548562&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;Who cares? they're just numbers. You could always using the package name or location to indicate the release status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24426" LastActivityDate="2017-03-27T22:22:37.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26439" CreationDate="2017-03-28T03:40:26.310" Score="4" ViewCount="30058" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a situation where i had to handle drop down and click the drop down to select some values. There are two drop down in same page and both has same xpath. The Xpath is giving below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@name='expiryDate']/div/a/div[2]/i&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know only one way how to handle this, which is adding [1] with the xpath and I tried the below way to handle this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@name='expiryDate']/div/a/div[2]/i[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it still it is not working.. Is there any other way i can try this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24355" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T05:03:07.457" LastActivityDate="2021-04-05T16:58:49.390" Title="how to handle if xpath is same for multiple drop down" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26429" CreationDate="2017-03-28T03:43:44.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Selenium .properties files are mainly used to store &lt;code&gt;GUI locators / elements&lt;/code&gt;, and also &lt;code&gt;Global fields&lt;/code&gt; like &lt;code&gt;database configuration&lt;/code&gt; details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There Is not any built In facility to create &lt;code&gt;object repository&lt;/code&gt;. So maintenance of &lt;code&gt;page objects(Page element locators)&lt;/code&gt; becomes very hard If you will write all objects of page on code level.&lt;code&gt;'.properties'&lt;/code&gt; files are mainly used in Java programs to maintain project configuration data, database config or project settings etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each parameter in properties file are stored as a pair of strings, in key and value format, where each key is on one line. You can easily read properties from some file using object of type Properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T03:43:44.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26429" CreationDate="2017-03-28T05:14:57.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A properties file is just a way to store static data. You could also use a class, database, a plain file or Excel. So you definitely don't need it with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The biggest difference between your suggest Excel is that property file can be versioned. Excel is binary format which does not really version readable. Also if you version Excel it might take up a lot more space, therefor it is not practical to use Excel as your test-data store. Keeping your test-data versioned could be very handy if you need to fork the product into multiple versions that you need to test separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would try to store the test-data in object repository like classes, keep the data as close to the code as possible. Unless you have non-technical testers and business-owners that update or extend the test-data. They might not be able to learn version control and how to use an IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A config file is also a data-store, but logically for (environment) configurations. We put something in a config file if we expect someone to change it in a different infrastructure environment for example. Settings that will be changed more often. Calling them a config-file just makes it easier to locate and understand, but I have also seen settings being placed in a config database table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all it just boils down to personal preference how to store data that might change frequently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T05:14:57.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26436" CreationDate="2017-03-28T05:23:02.153" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It might be issue of same level HTML code.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. For First Dropdown :&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(//div[@name='expiryDate']/div/a/div[2]/i)[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;2. For Second Dropdown :&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(//div[@name='expiryDate']/div/a/div[2]/i)[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;3. Use element list to get Dropdown :&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; lstDrp = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@name='expiryDate']/div/a/div[2]/i&quot;));&#xA;lstDrp.get(0).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;4. For more specific and dynamic xpath use below code :&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(//div[@name='expiryDate']//i)[1]&#xA;(//div[@name='expiryDate']//i)[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know If any issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T05:23:02.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26445" CreationDate="2017-03-28T05:57:12.390" Score="3" ViewCount="5149" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question appeared in one of the sample questions in a web site:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q. 105: What is the difference between designing tests with three boundary values per boundary and designing boundary value tests with two boundary values per boundary?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct answer, as chosen by the site was - &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A. Use of three boundary values per boundary results in one valid&#xA;value and two invalid values per boundary, while with two boundary&#xA;values per boundary, there is one valid value and one invalid value&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;B. Use of three boundary values per boundary results in two valid&#xA;values and one invalid values per boundary, while with two boundary&#xA;values per boundary, there is one valid value and one invalid value&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C. With three boundary values per boundary, the boundary itself is considered a possible value, while with two boundary values per&#xA;boundary, the boundary lies between two adjacent possible values&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;D. With three boundary values per boundary, you are guaranteed to&#xA;test the two equivalence partitions on each side of the boundary,&#xA;while with two boundary values per boundary you might not test the&#xA;two equivalence partitions on each side of the boundary&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I have a problem with that answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, let us take the field to enter a date to a field. Imagine the month has 31 days and that no decimal values are accepted by the system.So, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any value from 1-31 would be valid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Values below 1 and values above 31 would be invalid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the above, we can derive the values for Boundaries like this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3 point boundary value method -&gt; the boundary values &lt;em&gt;0,1,2 &amp;amp; 30,31,32&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2 point boundary value method -&gt; the boundary values &lt;em&gt;0,1 &amp;amp; 31,32&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above values make the following statement true:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Use of three boundary values per boundary results in two valid values&#xA;  and one invalid values per boundary, while with two boundary values&#xA;  per boundary, there is one valid value and one invalid value&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the given answer to the question was &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;My questions:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The BVA values that I have calculated are incorrect/correct?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;According to you, what is the correct answer to the above problem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you think &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; is the answer, can you explain what is meant by &lt;em&gt;&quot;with two boundary values per boundary, the boundary lies between two adjacent possible values&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: If you are interested, you can see the question here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinggenius.com/istqb-advanced-level-test-analyst-and-technical-test-analyst-exam-sample-paper-q-101-to-110&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinggenius.com/istqb-advanced-level-test-analyst-and-technical-test-analyst-exam-sample-paper-q-101-to-110&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2019-07-24T14:53:23.063" LastActivityDate="2019-07-24T14:53:26.843" Title="Boundary Value Testing - Difference between three point and two point values [ISTQB - Adanced Test Analyst]" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;boundary-value-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26443" CreationDate="2017-03-28T06:22:56.360" Score="2" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following question appeared in a sample exam question :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q. 157: According to the ISTQB syllabus, major ways to handle risks are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I. Mitigate the risk through preventive measures. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;II. Make contingency plans to reduce impact if risk occurs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;III. Transfer the risk to someone else to handle. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IV. Ignore and accept the risk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. I, II and III true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. I, II and IV true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C. II, III, IV true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;D. I, II, III, IV true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer chosen by the site was &lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt; which means that it is OK to choose any of the four options to handle risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is : Is it advisable to do the following as a method of handling risk?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transfer the risk to someone else to handle.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ignore and accept the risk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T07:32:35.510" Title="Handling 'Risk' in Testing - [ISTQB - Advanced Level Test Analyst]" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;risk-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26442" CreationDate="2017-03-28T07:32:35.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, but it depends of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Transfer the risk to someone else to handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this someone handles the risk for you adequately this seems perfectly fine. In a company you should be able to trust when you delegate something to someone it gets handled satisfactory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Ignore and accept the risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is perfectly acceptable for example when the effort of mitigating the risk is higher than the costs when it happens. Sometimes you can take a risk when the business needs focus on something different for a while, mostly this might be another risk like being faster than a competitor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still make sure you calculate the risk and make a good decision. Never just ignore it, make sure you also accept it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T07:32:35.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-28T07:49:58.003" Score="2" ViewCount="3735" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which one is a better tool to run web service tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I should have the following flexibility:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parameterize my requests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integrate with Maven.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better test management.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T07:56:52.170" LastActivityDate="2018-02-06T12:19:52.713" Title="SoapUI vs Jmeter for webservices" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26441" CreationDate="2017-03-28T08:00:57.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a quote from &quot;ISTQB - Advanced Level Syllabus - Test Analyst&quot; (Version 2012, it is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/category/7-advanced-level-documents.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the earliest version&lt;/a&gt;; text marked with bold style by me):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;3.2.2 Boundary Value Analysis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Boundary value analysis (BVA) is used to test the values that exist on&#xA;  the boundaries of ordered equivalence partitions. There are two ways&#xA;  to approach BVA: two value or three value testing. &lt;strong&gt;With two value&#xA;  testing, the boundary value (on the boundary) and the value that is&#xA;  just over the boundary (by the smallest possible increment) are used&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;  For example, if the partition included the values 1 to 10 in&#xA;  increments of 0.5, the two value test values for the upper boundary&#xA;  would be 10 and 10.5. The lower boundary test values would be 1 and&#xA;  0.5. The boundaries are defined by the maximum and minimum values in the defined equivalence partition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For three value boundary testing, the values before, on and over the&#xA;  boundary are used&lt;/strong&gt;. In the previous example, the upper boundary tests&#xA;  would include 9.5, 10 and 10.5. The lower boundary tests would include&#xA;  1.5, 1 and 0.5. The decision regarding whether to use two or three boundary values should be based on the risk associated with the item&#xA;  being tested, with the three boundary approach being used for the&#xA;  higher risk items&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So answers to your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are right&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C is not correct. The reason: C states &lt;strong&gt;the boundary lies between two adjacent possible values&lt;/strong&gt; while ISTQB states &lt;strong&gt;two value testing, the boundary value (on the boundary) and the value that is just over the boundary (by the smallest possible increment)&lt;/strong&gt;. So correct one is &lt;strong&gt;B&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is nothing in ISTQB quote about &lt;strong&gt;the boundary lies between two adjacent possible values&lt;/strong&gt;. One value should be &lt;strong&gt;on the boundary&lt;/strong&gt;, another one is &lt;strong&gt;just over the boundary&lt;/strong&gt; with the smallest increment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And there is a reason to the 3rd: the boundary is connected to the smallest possible increment. E.g. in your case the smallest possible increment is one day, so there is no possibility for the boundary to be 31.5 days and that is why boundary can not lie between two adjacent possible values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2019-07-24T14:25:02.160" LastActivityDate="2019-07-24T14:25:02.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26444" CreationDate="2017-03-28T08:06:27.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe just use plain JUnit tests? I think JMeter and SoapUI just add an extra layer of complexity. For example making it more complex to schedule the tests. Using JMeter and SoapUI might seem easier for less technical testers, but in my experience these tools are pretty awful in their design. Most functionality can easily be implemented with plain code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Plain JUnit tests are &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.12/org/junit/experimental/theories/Theories.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;easy to parameterize&lt;/a&gt;, work perfectly with Maven and should work with most test management tools. Also the product is probably already using JUnit, making it easy to integrate into your continuous testing infrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples to test Rest/API web services with JUnit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/how-test-rest-api-junit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dzone.com/articles/how-test-rest-api-junit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2011/10/java-restful-api-integration-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2011/10/java-restful-api-integration-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T08:06:27.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26444" CreationDate="2017-03-28T08:29:14.220" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both fit your requirements so feel free to choose the one you like more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only area where JMeter is better is running load tests, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/load-testing/concept.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI has limited load testing capabilities&lt;/a&gt; and reporting (you have only mix, max and average response time per request) while JMeter tests can scale to run in clustered mode and you can have &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML Reporting Dashboard&lt;/a&gt; with a way more informative tables and charts. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing SOAP/REST Web Services Using JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T08:29:14.220" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26275" CreationDate="2017-03-28T09:09:05.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This works good with latest ChromeDriver: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;_chrome.AddUserProfilePreference(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24861" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T22:46:56.610" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T22:46:56.610" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26450" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26451" CreationDate="2017-03-28T10:08:59.433" Score="0" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to access a variable named &lt;strong&gt;var1&lt;/strong&gt; in the below BSF Script,&#xA;where var1 is extracted from JSON XPath Extractor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String abc= vars.get(&quot;var1&quot;);&#xA;abc = abc.replaceAll(&quot;^[\&quot;\\(\\[]+|[\&quot;\\)\\(]]+$&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;vars.put(&quot;abc&quot;,abc);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After running the script I could not fetch the value of the variable, i.e. the &lt;code&gt;abc&lt;/code&gt; variable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have referred to &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/22609/how-to-remove-square-brackets-after-extracting-response-using-json-path-extra&quot;&gt;How to remove square brackets [] after extracting response using json path extractor?&lt;/a&gt; but could not get the value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Jmeter version is 3.1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T11:35:16.040" Title="Accessing User Variable, BSF scripting in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26450" CreationDate="2017-03-28T10:23:42.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I added a Debug Sampler, and analysed the result at Response data. I found  Jmeter creates a new variable &lt;code&gt;Var_1&lt;/code&gt;, which resolved my problem &amp;amp; can be used for further reference.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T11:35:16.040" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T11:35:16.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26422" CreationDate="2017-03-28T10:39:07.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;JSoup to parse webpage&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to suggest use of JSoup library if you intend to read the data from a web page. Starting a browser can take more time.&#xA;Download JSoup &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsoup.org/download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JAR&lt;/a&gt; or use &lt;a href=&quot;https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.jsoup/jsoup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import org.jsoup.Jsoup;&#xA;import org.jsoup.nodes.Document;&#xA;import org.jsoup.nodes.Element;&#xA;import org.jsoup.select.Elements;&#xA;class read_data {&#xA;&#xA; public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            Document doc = Jsoup.connect(&quot;http://www.espn.in/mlb/schedule/_/date/20170329&quot;).get();&#xA;            Elements links = doc.select(&quot;a[class=team-name]&quot;);&#xA;            for (Element link : links) {&#xA;                System.out.println(link.attr(&quot;abs:href&quot;));&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (IOException ex) {&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JSoup will save your time as compared to Selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22557" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T10:39:07.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6742" CreationDate="2017-03-28T11:11:30.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the first thing you should do is some research about general testing principles. Here is a reliable source for your reference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software Testing News: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingnews.co.uk/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingnews.co.uk/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are hundreds of websites, forums, blogs, etc. Choose the ones that are reliable and have big communities. You should also learn to use a test automation tool. With teams having lots of experience and technical skills, open source tools are the best. But for those who have no idea about testing, I don't think it's a good idea. You can try some free tools for first lessons, you can ask for more details about your future job since automation testing is such broad world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.katalon.com/?utm_source=quora&amp;amp;utm_campaign=Lan&amp;amp;utm_medium=QnA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Katalon Studio&lt;/a&gt; when I started my testing career. It's built on top of Selenium and Appium so it's quite easy to use and a good way to start learning about open source. Even though I an no longer using it (because my current projects cannot be supported by Katalon Studio), I recommend it for the freshman.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24862" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T16:46:00.743" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T16:46:00.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26450" CreationDate="2017-03-28T11:31:07.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try out this line, your regex is a little bit flaky:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;abc = abc.replaceAll(&quot;\\[&quot;, &quot;&quot;).replaceAll(&quot;\\]&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also consider switching to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#jsr223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Elements&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://groovy-lang.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy language&lt;/a&gt; as it is the most powerful and performing scripting option as of now, check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/groovy-new-black&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy Is the New Black&lt;/a&gt; article for details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T11:31:07.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26456" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-28T13:06:22.857" Score="2" ViewCount="6547" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to generate dynamic HTTP Requests for different URL paths with credentials. For that I need to fetch the URLs from a database, so I have created one JDBC Connection Configuration and set JDBC Request(Pre-Processors) with my Select statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I need to write the output of my select statement to a CSV data file. Can I do that or do I have to loop through this controller?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22100" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T13:50:54.900" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T18:43:44.703" Title="Write JDBC Request results to CSV file" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26456" CreationDate="2017-03-28T15:55:10.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do it using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_PreProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 PreProcessor&lt;/a&gt; as follows &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Define &quot;Result Variable Name&quot; like &lt;code&gt;resultSet&lt;/code&gt; (you can use anything meaningful here)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/73UK8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/73UK8.png&quot; alt=&quot;JDBC Result Variable Name&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add JSR223 PreProcessor to your test plan (just make sure it is located &lt;strong&gt;below&lt;/strong&gt; the JDBC PreProcessor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Put the following code into &quot;Script&quot; area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;resultSet = vars.getObject(&quot;resultSet&quot;)&#xA;result = new StringBuilder()&#xA;&#xA;for (Object row : resultSet ) {&#xA;    iter = row.entrySet().iterator()&#xA;    while (iter.hasNext()) {&#xA;        pair = iter.next()&#xA;        result.append(pair.getValue())&#xA;        result.append(&quot;,&quot;)&#xA;    }&#xA;    result.append(System.getProperty(&quot;line.separator&quot;))&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.writeStringToFile(new File(&quot;foo.csv&quot;), result.toString(), &quot;UTF-8&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If everything goes well you should see &lt;code&gt;foo.txt&lt;/code&gt; in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder, the file will contain your SQL query output data in CSV format. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/debugging-jdbc-sampler-results-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debugging JDBC Sampler Results in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on how to work with JDBC test elements results in JMeter tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T15:55:10.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26487" CreationDate="2017-03-28T15:59:05.250" Score="1" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in a startup and here I am the only tester.  I have a web app for testing. My first approach is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing the core functionality &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;user experience and client experience &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple browser testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check breadcrumb&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pagination testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;valid and invalid data entries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;console errors &amp;amp; log errors&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;What are the other factors should I be manually testing&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Note: This is not a secure, performance driven, or api like application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to become more of an expert in testing. I got the information from a senior tester to find the hidden bugs and also he can find more than 100 bugs within 15 minute. I want to be able to have test skills like that.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;How do I improve my testing skills to that level&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T16:15:10.607" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T12:57:36.143" Title="Better practicing for manual testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26458" CreationDate="2017-03-28T16:31:29.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Learning correct testing terminology as well as focusing on coverage is needed.  Try to expand your list of testing to cover the following, some are on your list and some not:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional testing&lt;/strong&gt; (this could be tickets or requirements or anything that defines what should exist.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression Testing&lt;/strong&gt; (previous functionality ensuring it still functions correctly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boundary testing on fields&lt;/strong&gt; (special characters, numbers, letters, length)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boundary testing on negative path&lt;/strong&gt; (negative testing, or unhappy path)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use case testing&lt;/strong&gt; (This is the client/user focus) - should match up with original specifications provided by the client/user (this could be tickets or requirements or anything that defines what should exist, but in a workflow like format)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability testing&lt;/strong&gt; (Including Lorem Ipsum &lt;a href=&quot;http://generator.lorem-ipsum.info/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://generator.lorem-ipsum.info/&lt;/a&gt; on text areas to ensure readability, there is 508 testing for disability, there is also color schemes, control ease of usefulness, page load times for user eye awareness(partial page load gets visual quicker if there is an issue), ease of understanding, help materials, navigation, pagination, etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Integrity testing&lt;/strong&gt; which involves inputs and reads of specific data as well as data manipulation within the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Browser testing&lt;/strong&gt; (Chrome, IE, Firefox, Safari, etc...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile testing&lt;/strong&gt; (iOS, android, windows)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Responsive UI testing&lt;/strong&gt; (resolution changes to ensure a consistent usability despite tiny phone/web screens or not.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*Interface testing&lt;/strong&gt; (depends on application specifics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*Security testing&lt;/strong&gt; (depends on application specifics)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*Performance testing&lt;/strong&gt; (Client, Server, Network)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*you indicated this wasn't necessary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are additional types of testing that exist and many of these vary depending on your application, but here is a good start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T16:31:29.880" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26458" CreationDate="2017-03-28T17:11:10.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've often been the sole tester working for a startup, testing a web application and I loved it but it also required a lot of focus on what's important for a given release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning to be a better tester is a very long, open-ended discussion but let me try to summarize some things that might help you now:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your testing strategy (how you organize your testing) will be dictated by each release and the potential failures (or risk) for that release&lt;/strong&gt;. Each is likely to be different. For one release you might focus on performance testing, another release you might focus on functionality testing or scenario testing, etc and yet another might be about bug fixes and so you'll focus on regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Good testing is about finding information. What is your information objective for your release? Talk to people about the release, what are we most worried about in this given release? Then search for information related to that objective. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test documentation should be lean. It should help you to test but not become so difficult to maintain that it takes time away from testing.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Automation can help improve your efficiency. Not just with functional testing (regression testing) but also with creating test data, etc. Your programmers can definitely help you get comfortable with this. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general when testing you can consider the following things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coverage. How much of something has my testing covered?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Activities. How did you test things? Did you use performance testing, regression testing, scenario testing, mobile testing, security, etc? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Risks. Why are you testing, what failures are you looking for?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers. Who does the testing? Subject Matter experts, beta users?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These 4 areas are important in helping you manage what you do and who does it. Since you are the sole tester knowing when someone else can help out, like a business person helping test certain features (as subject matter experts or as the person who requested the feature) might help free you to do more important or specific testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is always about trade offs. We don't have time to test everything so which important things should we focus on in the time we have right now?&#xA;Focus on the higher risk items first and then lesser risked items afterwards.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T17:11:10.203" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26293" CreationDate="2017-03-28T19:33:27.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I consider the most important factor to be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;So that we can change things without breaking things&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key related factor is that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Humans aren't good at manually testing complex systems under change&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is often no practical way for humans to keep testing every aspect of a system that is constantly being changed by active development.  You can outsource it but then you need to explain the domain and what bugs are important and which can be ignored and you need to manage those folks doing the testing, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without a good test suite, any change you make could unwittingly break part of the application and you may need even know about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the safety net of a test suite you have a much greater chance of catching any such issues locally and before the code is pushed into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've worked in environment with and without test suites and I can say that the feeling for me was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Without tests.  Terrifying. What might I break?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With tests.  Calming.  Tests protect and reassure me.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T19:33:27.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26464" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-28T20:19:40.323" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently there are many (&gt; 5) Jenkins nodes (aka slaves).&#xA;On each of those nodes there is a file with hosts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those hosts have to be available on each of nodes (&gt; 5 files) and, unfortunately, they interfere with global configuration of those machines.&#xA;A change of any of those hosts requires updating &gt; 5 files on different machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to add some sites to hosts at a job level.&#xA;Those hosts would be available for this job only in a sandboxed environment, so that it is easily configurable (only in one place: in job's configuration) and not available globally.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;How can this be achieved?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23472" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T20:19:40.323" Title="Add hosts to a job on Jenkins" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26465" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26466" CreationDate="2017-03-28T21:11:12.857" Score="12" ViewCount="702" Body="&lt;p&gt;I came to a new project and it was already written 100 autotests. The product is new. How to determine whether the tests are effective? What is the best way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21853" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T21:31:47.763" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T07:26:21.983" Title="How to know if an existing set of automated tests are effective?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26465" CreationDate="2017-03-28T21:30:43.207" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Learn how to use the product as an end user.  Become familiar with all the functions, error pages and workflows.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Then study the tests.  Observe them run and/or look at their code and ask yourself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there functionality in the UI that you do not see UI tests for ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there automated UI tests for things you cannot do in the UI ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do feature tests cover happy, sad and optional workflows ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do unit and integration tests exist for the backend functions that support the ui ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is security tested?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-28T23:19:12.270" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T23:19:12.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26465" CreationDate="2017-03-28T21:34:53.097" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determine coverage (of source code) and add test exercising parts not covered yet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Found most often used &quot;paths&quot; through the system, and different kinds of users would use it. Check if most common are covered.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Best&quot; way depends what you want to cover. What is critical. What business sees as most important. There are many ways to measure it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T21:34:53.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26465" CreationDate="2017-03-28T23:28:26.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How to determine whether the tests are effective? What is the best way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a new product, so there is little historical test results to compare against, but can you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find a similar product, how is this similar product tested? Can this similar product be tested effectively? How are your test cases compared to those for the similar product?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Over time, there will be bugs. Can your test cases catch those bugs or not? If an easy to catch bug manages to slip into production, that means your test cases need improvement. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The best way to define &quot;effectiveness&quot; for a given product is to measure against its own historical product quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-28T23:28:26.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26469" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-29T04:10:50.803" Score="0" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the client requirements, initially I write test cases because some people want the record of which use cases I have tested so far, which where the documentation is useful. This is something my senior told me about writing test cases and executing test cases. Actually, I don't like writing test cases because I waste time in writing the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I do first? I want to go through a step by step process. My goal is finding bugs in the software our developers are writing. I don't see how  writing test cases will help. May I write automation script initially?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read in blogs that I do not need to write test cases, I need to test. The blogs say that preparing test cases is optional and that I can find plenty of bugs without preparing test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Others told me that if I know about the features then I must be ready with test cases for all the use cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in testing. I want to go through the right path as I learn. &lt;strong&gt;Is there an accepted step by step process for a new tester to learn how to be a good tester, and if there is, what is it?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T11:55:54.873" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T12:29:09.580" Title="Initial step by step process for a new tester" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8802" CreationDate="2017-03-29T05:55:42.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to add &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Roemer/FlaUI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FlaUI&lt;/a&gt; to the list. It is basically a complete rewrite of White with more flexibility, more features, built-in caching and such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24876" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T10:07:10.470" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T10:07:10.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26469" CreationDate="2017-03-29T06:16:09.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're asking if you should do &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing&lt;/a&gt;, if you should work with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Scripts&lt;/a&gt; instead, or if you should &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;automate tests&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your job as Tester involves all of the above and more, including the ability to judge how much effort to spend on each approach - which depends on the team, the actual project, and the available resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is at the core of being a tester, so you'll benefit much more from reading a few good books about testing than from reading an oversimplified rule of thumb in a blog or a stackexchange answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T06:16:09.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26472" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-29T06:24:13.603" Score="3" ViewCount="19790" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium (C#) with Grid to test web application. But I get unexpected results when the physical mouse is over the browser window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/issues/3802&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Issue details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17695289/webdriver-mouse-hover-in-chrome-stopped-working&quot;&gt;same question on stackoverflow.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to move the physical mouse outside of browser window. I am not sure how to achieve it. I am using selenium grid to run tests on remote machines, so I would require something that would work over the Grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22575" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T06:52:42.117" LastActivityDate="2018-10-20T23:35:37.700" Title="Selenium: how to move physical mouse pointer outside the browser window" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;grid&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26560" CreationDate="2017-03-29T08:01:56.270" Score="0" ViewCount="434" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm fairly new in the world of test automation frameworks and was researching some of the existing methodologies out there. When I came across Module Based Testing and Test Library Architecture Testing I can't understand the exact difference between the two or when i would prefer to use one over the other. If someone could please elaborate. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/test-automation-frameworks-selenium-tutorial-20/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source: softwaretestinghelp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24879" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T19:23:27.523" Title="Module Based Testing VS Test Library Architecture Testing Framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26475" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-29T08:46:16.930" Score="0" ViewCount="9645" Body="&lt;p&gt;Am executing Selenium test cases from Jenkins locally but execution is happening in back-end am not able to see the browser launch and close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to see the execution when I trigger from Jenkins without help of selenium grid on single machine with Windows platform?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24881" LastEditorUserId="23406" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T16:36:24.580" LastActivityDate="2019-05-09T08:58:42.360" Title="Can I execute selenium test cases in a real browser through jenkins without grid" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26475" CreationDate="2017-03-29T09:04:37.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are running Jenkins as a service then you won't be able to invoke the browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you run the Jenkins jar from the command line, then you'll be able to invoke your real browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T09:04:37.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26475" CreationDate="2017-03-29T09:05:23.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jenkins is a &lt;code&gt;Continuous Integration&lt;/code&gt; which integrate with Selenium and let you run tests on server every time a build is ready. The main purpose here is to go headless, so that nothing will be on viewport and selenium code will be executed behind the scene. To perform this, jenkins use &lt;code&gt;xvfb&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;X virtual framebuffer&lt;/code&gt; for unix based machine which is a in memory display server, where the selenium actually play. For windows it has counter methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure, whether jenkins will allow you to actually run the tests in your view port or not. However, there is an interesting post I find which sets up a windows machine and uses IE to hosts the selenium test cases. I hope this can help.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/stenver/337aea741fe7d70ce703&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://gist.github.com/stenver/337aea741fe7d70ce703&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24836" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T09:05:23.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26472" CreationDate="2017-03-29T09:11:27.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium only works with a browser-driver. So you cannot move outside the working area, i.e. your browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use java method &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt; to perform similar kind of tasks. If you have the coordinate where to click, you can try this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);   &#xA;builder.moveToElement(element, X, Y).click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24836" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T09:11:27.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15329" CreationDate="2017-03-29T09:11:33.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the IRetryAnalyzer interface provided by testng for this. Using this you can retry your failed test cases multiple times till it passes. In the below example Ithe max retry count is set to 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Retry implements IRetryAnalyzer{&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    int retryCount =0;&#xA;&#xA;    int maxRetryCount = 1;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public boolean retry(ITestResult result) {&#xA;&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;        if(retryCount &amp;lt; maxRetryCount){&#xA;&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Retrying test with &quot;+result.getName()+&quot; with status &quot;+&#xA;&#xA;                        getResultStatusName(result.getStatus()));&#xA;&#xA;                retryCount++;&#xA;&#xA;                return true;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        return false;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public String getResultStatusName(int status){&#xA;&#xA;        String resultName = null;&#xA;&#xA;        if(status==1)&#xA;&#xA;            resultName =&quot;SUCCESS&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        if(status==2)&#xA;&#xA;            resultName = &quot;FAILURE&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        if(status==3)&#xA;&#xA;            resultName = &quot;SKIP&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        return resultName;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class RetryListner implements IAnnotationTransformer{&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public void transform(ITestAnnotation annotation, Class testClass,&#xA;&#xA;            Constructor testConstructor, Method testMethod) {&#xA;&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;        IRetryAnalyzer analyzer = annotation.getRetryAnalyzer();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        if(analyzer ==null){&#xA;&#xA;            annotation.setRetryAnalyzer(Retry.class);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And add the listener to the testng.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;listener &#xA;&#xA;     class-name=&quot;com.listeners.RetryListner&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/listener&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T09:11:33.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26472" CreationDate="2017-03-29T09:30:44.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;use java robot class or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/wiki/AutoIt_Introduction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;autoIT&lt;/a&gt; to move mouse. since you are using selenium grid you need to consider about screen resolution of multiple monitors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;both use screen coordinates to move mouse. you can use if commands inside the code to check the screen resolution and move mouse to relevant location.&#xA;ex: if(resolutions is this) move to -&gt; x1,y1&#xA;    else (....) move to -&gt; x2,y2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this would work :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19143" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T09:30:44.523" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26481" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26483" CreationDate="2017-03-29T09:59:50.373" Score="5" ViewCount="1054" Body="&lt;p&gt;As wiki says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Monitoring can be performed by continuously measuring certain parameters by using a medical monitor (for example, by continuously measuring vital signs by a bedside monitor), and/or by repeatedly performing medical tests (such as blood glucose monitoring with a glucose meter in people with diabetes mellitus).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in well equiped medical offices we can see patient monitors at every bed. I guess there is also some alert system connected to this stuff. But monitor is always on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CvUDW.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CvUDW.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software system I am working with there are several security bridges for RDP connection, so these all bring lots of ancertainty to the behaviour of a system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I am controlling it's availability by some alerts, but sometimes alerts are not fatal, and it looks like no possibility to destinguish fatal from common. Be sure I am trying to controll these differences, but sometimes we have new error and testing system can not handle it properly (it is tested by &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/sikuli&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;sikuli&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;sikuli&lt;/a&gt;, because it is RDP connection). So I prefer to follow next steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recieve alert message&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check (look at graphs) whether it is on both testing machines (this part could be automated)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is on both, check testing machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Futher actions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it Ok to have &quot;patient monitors&quot; at the department wall or infront of someone who receives alerts or at developers department or...?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I see this monitoring board (big screen) like this (1. free JVM memory; 2 &amp;amp; 3 Apps availability), not just list of alerts (graphs are created with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.zabbix.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Zabbix&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BVU0x.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BVU0x.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T07:03:34.317" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T07:03:34.317" Title="&quot;Patient monitor&quot; in software testing. Is it used?" Tags="&lt;monitoring&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26481" CreationDate="2017-03-29T10:30:03.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Monitoring is a key part in the quality of software product. Mainly after deployment, but operations and maintenance is part of the SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who is responsible for following up which monitoring alerts should be defined per company. In the beginning this could be the development team. If the team and the application is small. As the user-base becomes bigger, teams like support or devops might be more appropriate. Just experiment with what makes the most logical sense now and continuously improve the monitoring (follow up) process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We actively visualize all our test automation and monitoring. We created a radiator screen to show any issues, but also we use slack/mail integration to update relevant teams in our business when data is not being processed for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visualizing always helps when noone is taking action. We went from ignoring the monitoring systems totally to responding and handling within acceptable time-frames. Just by displaying the status in the hallway, the mentality changed with it, not by mandating change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qCT4v.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qCT4v.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T10:35:52.267" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T10:35:52.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26481" CreationDate="2017-03-29T10:57:23.393" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3J0ZU.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3J0ZU.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is it common/possible/recommended to have &quot;patient monitors&quot; at the department wall or infront of someone who receives alerts or at developers department or...?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh yes.  You'll see this most intensively used in devops where they are often 'walls of monitors' with big screens showing the status and activity in the various systems being monitored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen this extended into application development areas. I've even heard the term 'bvc' as in 'how comes you guys don't have a BVC.  BVC means Big Visible Chart and most commonly refer to a large monitor in the development area for each group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A typical setup that I've seen is to have a large monitor with a split screen, displaying:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;current build(s) in the ci server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;current ticket board and assignments, e.g. Jira&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also seen a monitor continually running UI automation to ensure the production site is working.  A downside is that the flashing screen (from page transitions) can be distracting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The image below shows the sort of setup that devops might have.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For teams of developers it is more likely to be one screen, possibly with split window views.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0SKgo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0SKgo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;side note: some folks use a paper board and stickies to intentionally avoid needing the technology, cost and physically demands of a big screen.  The main downside to this is that remote or work-from-home-day workers can't see it, interact with it, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T01:55:45.167" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T01:55:45.167" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26261" CreationDate="2017-03-29T12:35:42.737" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunatelly I found only workaround solution (e.g. if you need several different Firefox versions on a single station):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;nodeConfig_1.json&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;capabilities&quot;: [&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;browserName&quot;: &quot;firefox&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;version&quot;: &quot;51&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;platform&quot;: &quot;WINDOWS&quot;,&#xA;      &quot;maxInstances&quot;: 1,&#xA;      &quot;marionette&quot;:true,&#xA;      &quot;cleanSession&quot;: true&#xA;    },&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gridNode_1.cmd&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;set &quot;PATH=%PATH%;C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\51&quot; &#xA;java -jar -Dwebdriver.gecko.driver=C:\Apps\Selenium\Grid\drivers\geckodriver.exe selenium-server-standalone-3.3.1.jar -role node -nodeConfig nodeConfig_1.json&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can guess, for other Firefox binaries you can use simmilar .cmd scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24886" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T12:35:42.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26469" CreationDate="2017-03-29T12:39:23.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;my goal is finding bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.growingagile.co.za/2015/04/the-testing-manifesto/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the (agile) testing manifesto&lt;/a&gt;, which states &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;preventing bugs over finding bugs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The goal should not be to find bugs, this might make you feel successful on the short-run, but your product is in it for the long-run. The goal should be to prevent bugs as you will not have to time to manual test and find each bug over and over again. Finding a strategy to prevent issues is far more valuable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my ideal world you would:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create automated test-cases while building the product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do a time-boxed exploratory testing session to find gaps in the test-cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create more automated test-cases for the gaps you found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't like writing test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nor do I most of time, nor do I like to do the dishes, but these are tasks that need to be done every now and then. If you really do not like writing and extending a test-suite of test-cases, delegate it to developers or business-owners. So you can focus on test-automation or others parts you do like. Still you have to make sure systems are in place to prevent bugs, whatever works for your products or teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I like to train people to get better at testing, teaching developers to do a better testing job is showing to be worthwhile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T12:39:23.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26487" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26458" CreationDate="2017-03-29T12:49:27.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a senior tester can find more than 100 bugs within 15 minute. I want&#xA;  to be able to have test skills like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, don't. Finding lots of bugs in short time periods probably means you will report a lot of trivial bugs. These will waste a lot of time in the whole process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.growingagile.co.za/2015/04/the-testing-manifesto/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(agile) testing manifesto&lt;/a&gt; suggests to focus on &lt;strong&gt;building the best system over breaking the system&lt;/strong&gt;. I can break application in such ways that I can report it as a defect, but most often these are routes real users will never take. Why should I report defects users probably will never run into? Test that users will be happy with the system instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a like a doctor says when you tell him it hurts when I push here. The doctor will say then don't push there. This is the same with testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do I improve my testing skills?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Practise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read books, blogs, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reddit.com/r/QualityAssurance/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reddit&lt;/a&gt;, etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to answer most questions here on SQA.SE. (research other people's problems and find a solution even if you know nothing about the topic)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Practise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visit testing conferences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discuss on testing forums&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did I say practise already? ;-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/958&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/958&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T12:57:36.143" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T12:57:36.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26488" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29883" CreationDate="2017-03-29T13:43:46.773" Score="2" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to setup a testing system for my company. Currently we are doing the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build all baselines (latest, stable, customised1, customised2), just the binaries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test those binaries on two times two systems (Windows-7 and Windows-x)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The testdata are equal on every system (which is not desired).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore I'm looking to solve the following situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build all baselines, based on GIT branches.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create installers for all baselines (configuration might depend on baseline).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install and test each baseline/platform individually (testdata might depend on baseline).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This however comes down to the following table:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        | Latest | Stable | Customised1 | Customised2&#xA;--------+--------+--------+-------------+-------------&#xA;W7      |      x |      x |           x |           x&#xA;Vista   |      x |      x |           x |           x&#xA;WServer |      x |      x |           x |           x&#xA;W8      |      x |      x |           x |           x&#xA;W10     |      x |      x |           x |           x&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to perform those tests, until now we've always been working with virtual machines over an ESX server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can derive from the table, we would need up to 20 virtual machines, and I'm wondering is there any kind of technology which makes it possible to reduce this number? (Is there any kind of technology which can emulate different Windows-x PCs and execute the tests for the different baselines simultaneously?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24375" LastActivityDate="2017-10-01T10:15:00.700" Title="How to setup a testing system for different platforms and different baselines" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;git&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26475" CreationDate="2017-03-29T14:14:51.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible. Easiest way is to run selenium server on your desktop. You will need to enable connections to your desktop (just on one port to be safe, 4444 by default), and configure selenium to use your desktop and desired browser - simple batch command is all you need. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't need grid for that, just selenium-server.jar running on your desktop, listening for connections. Configure your selenium test to connect to your desktop. This is the easiest way, that's how I started with Selenium :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-03-29T15:59:31.373" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T15:59:31.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18906" CreationDate="2017-03-29T14:26:16.497" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the Graph Wizard you can use the TestSet Name and the Test Subject (Test Plan path) but the Test Lab path is not available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are confortable with SQL and Excel VBA you can create an Excel Report using queries to extract exactly the data you want and execute some script to format and add graphs to the generated Excel file.&#xA;The same think may be possible using Business View, to create a Business View you need access to the QC/ALM backend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16288" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T14:26:16.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26492" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-29T15:17:28.280" Score="4" ViewCount="1410" Body="&lt;p&gt;Suddenly this began to happen after a windows update (Windows 10).&#xA;Every time I execute an ADB command for example, ADB devices the CMD pops up a new CMD window like for 2 seconds then closes up and doesn't shows me the results of the command. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've uninstalled other android emulators that I had. Tried to Uninstall/Reinstall SDK but with no success. Tried to kill/start server. This continues happening. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the SDK up to date Rev: 25.0.4&#xA;I have made a video so you can see in a better detail what's happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Video: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.dropbox.com/s/zjyylem5qkzb7mr/Example.mp4?dl=0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.dropbox.com/s/zjyylem5qkzb7mr/Example.mp4?dl=0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24892" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T20:04:53.320" LastActivityDate="2019-12-09T00:59:51.150" Title="ADB command prompt pops up new CMD and doesn't shows me results of ADB commands" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26493" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26401" CreationDate="2017-03-29T17:17:30.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you start your appium through terminal, your appium server logs will show the latest logs, provided you don't manually intervene while the logs are getting generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can start appium server using the command below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;appium -a 127.0.0.1 -p 4444&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here a is your local host and 4444 is the port &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T17:17:30.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11691" CreationDate="2017-03-29T17:35:50.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oldapps.com/category/browsers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OldApps&lt;/a&gt;. They host old versions of all major browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T17:35:50.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26465" CreationDate="2017-03-29T18:58:05.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The version control systems for both the tests and for the product code should be able to quickly answer the following questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Were there any changes to the code due to the tests finding issues?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Were there issues found that were not found by the tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Were tests introduced for such issues and when run on code from before the fix would they fail?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there tests that currently fail?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also look at test coverage of the code &amp;amp; specification, traceability between specification and tests will give a good indication of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T18:58:05.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26481" CreationDate="2017-03-29T19:42:44.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Excellent way to create your own custom web-accessible monitors is &lt;a href=&quot;https://grafana.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://grafana.com/&lt;/a&gt; - you can have graphs, dashboards etc generated from live monitoring data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grafana (and nagios) is &lt;strong&gt;cornerstone&lt;/strong&gt; of our (in our company) way to visualize our system, and gain insight what might be causing problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Grafana converts raw data into actionable information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I have no relation to Grafana project, only a happy user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T19:42:44.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26497" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-29T20:50:31.323" Score="3" ViewCount="1418" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a JMeter script, that actually have a &quot;HTTP Sampler&quot; for hitting a REST API. This Rest service is running on HTTPS that is currently using &quot;Self-Signed Certificate&quot;, but when I run my script over HTTPS protocol, it fails giving error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Response code: Non HTTP response code: java.net.SocketException&#xA;&#xA;Response message: Non HTTP response message: Connection reset&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;java.net.SocketException: Connection reset&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;at sun.security.ssl.InputRecord.readFully(Unknown Source)&#xA;at sun.security.ssl.InputRecord.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(Unknown Source)&#xA;at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(Unknown Source)&#xA;at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(Unknown Source)&#xA;at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(Unknown Source)&#xA;at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLSocketFactory.java:553)&#xA;at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLSocketFactory.java:412)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have already imported &quot;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&quot; file but&#xA;  still it is not working on HTTPS and have also gone through this &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP%28S%29_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to run JMeter script over SSL for performance testing REST API?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T20:50:31.323" Title="JMeter REST API script not working over Https" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26465" CreationDate="2017-03-29T20:52:38.623" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How to know if an existing set of automated tests are effective?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effective tests can be hard to gauge. The problem with automated tests is that they find less bugs over time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, I find the regression &lt;strong&gt;testing mnemonic RCRCRC&lt;/strong&gt; proposed by &lt;a href=&quot;http://karennicolejohnson.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/KNJohnson-2012-heuristics-mnemonics.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karen Johnson&lt;/a&gt; useful when evaluating existing tests. Although specifically designed for regression testing I still think they work well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recent&lt;/strong&gt;. How recent are the tests? Do they cover new features, areas or changes? Or are they primarily old tests?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Core&lt;/strong&gt;. What functionality do these tests cover? Are they the critical or essential functionality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risky&lt;/strong&gt;. What features are riskier than others? What features are more likely to be broken?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Configuration&lt;/strong&gt; Sensitive. What code is dependent on environment settings? How might this change based on different environments (Staging, Production, etc)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Repaired&lt;/strong&gt;. What features or code has been fixed or repaired recently and might still have more bugs around it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Chronic&lt;/strong&gt;. Features or code that always seem to be breaking or having issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T20:52:38.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-29T20:52:52.163" Score="1" ViewCount="4129" Body="&lt;p&gt;We plan on using &lt;code&gt;Selenium with JavaScript&lt;/code&gt;, so I got &lt;code&gt;Selenium Webdriver&lt;/code&gt; with WebDriverIO.  I can successfully create a js script and run it via &lt;code&gt;Test Runner&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But being a Selenium noob, I also got Selenium IDE, in the hopes that I could use that just to help me get started with simple stuff and then improve / expand on the scripts that that creates.  But JavaScript is not in the export options.  So I found actually 2 packages that are supposed to be used for this:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/selenium-html-js-converter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenium-html-js-converter&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/selenium-ide-js-converter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenium-ide-js-converter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble getting started with these.  The IDE converter seems really simple / easy, except that its documentation just states &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;use the command &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require('selenium-ide-js-converter')('html folder&#xA;name','js folder name')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, Where? / How??  And the HTML converter just seems really complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried searching for a tutorial or something on using either of these but to no avail.  Has anyone used the IDE converter that could help me with just that one step?  Or does anyone have more specific and helpful documentation on using the HTML converter, if that is what I ought to use instead?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9234" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T09:28:00.397" LastActivityDate="2017-10-29T13:50:44.407" Title="Help with how to convert Selenium IDE HTML to JavaScript for WebDriverIO" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22534" CreationDate="2017-03-29T23:02:05.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have used the following solution (only tested with Chrome, but should be compatible with IE):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The javascript was borrowed from: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.packtpub.com/books/content/javascript-execution-selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.packtpub.com/books/content/javascript-execution-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Save the following javascript in a file somewhere in your solution - it makes reuse easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function createEvent(typeOfEvent) {&#xA;    var event = document.createEvent(&quot;CustomEvent&quot;);&#xA;    event.initCustomEvent(typeOfEvent, true, true, null);&#xA;    event.dataTransfer = {&#xA;        data: {},&#xA;        setData: function (key, value) {&#xA;            this.data[key] = value;&#xA;        },&#xA;        getData: function (key) {&#xA;            return this.data[key];&#xA;        }&#xA;    };&#xA;    return event;&#xA;}&#xA;function dispatchEvent(element, event, transferData) {&#xA;    if (transferData !== undefined) {&#xA;        event.dataTransfer = transferData;&#xA;    }&#xA;    if (element.dispatchEvent) {&#xA;        element.dispatchEvent(event);&#xA;    } else if (element.fireEvent) {&#xA;        element.fireEvent(&quot;on&quot; + event.type, event);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;function simulateHTML5DragAndDrop(element, target) {&#xA;    var dragStartEvent = createEvent('dragstart');&#xA;    dispatchEvent(element, dragStartEvent);&#xA;    var dropEvent = createEvent('drop');&#xA;    dispatchEvent(target, dropEvent, dragStartEvent.dataTransfer);&#xA;    var dragEndEvent = createEvent('dragend');&#xA;    dispatchEvent(element, dragEndEvent, dropEvent.dataTransfer);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used the following code to read in the javascript and execute the drag and drop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void JavascriptDragAndDrop(IWebElement source, IWebElement target)&#xA;{&#xA;    string script = System.IO.File.ReadAllText(&quot;&amp;lt;Path To Javascript File&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;    script += &quot;simulateHTML5DragAndDrop(arguments[0], arguments[1])&quot;;&#xA;    IJavaScriptExecutor executor = (IJavaScriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    executor.ExecuteScript(script, source, target);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is C# code, and it looks like you are working with Java, but it should be easy enough to translate. Just read the javascript file into a string, concatenate the line that actually calls the javascript function, and use a JavaScriptExecutor to execute the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The linked guide also provides an example of a wrapper method written in Java.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried most of the methods you listed in the question, and this has been the only solution I found that is both reliable and concise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastActivityDate="2017-03-29T23:02:05.463" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25770" CreationDate="2017-03-30T01:26:41.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that the UI has to call the backend to populate those dropdowns, I would look to do both unit and user acceptance tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the unit test you make sure that the rules to determine values used in dropdown#2 that are dependent on the value used in dropdown#1  You use a small set of fake data. You call the methods directly on the backend code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User acceptance UI tests can then be more simple.  One option is to just make sure that you can use the first dropdown value in each of the dropdowns by using key events, for example arrow down and then tab to select the first value in a dropdown.  This makes sure that the dropdown works without worrying about the actual values when they are dynamically supplied by the back end or are dependent on the specific value selected in another dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will probably not be testing the weekly changes in the production data.  That is not practical or the best way to add value.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You will probably not be comparing totals in sql with totals viewed through the app because you assume that the database access and ORM models handle that correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you still have concerns about data being loaded correctly - perhaps the data extraction and load is complicated and costly - write some tests examples for the data loading process to make sure records with various attributes are being loaded correctly.  Each test will use a specific permutation of fixed data for deterministic tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T17:51:35.163" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T17:51:35.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26502" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-30T06:35:44.570" Score="0" ViewCount="1056" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting the below error while invoking my test suite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;12:01:56,498 ERROR [SoapUI] An error occurred [com.eviware.soapui.plugins.auto.factories.AutoDiscoveryMethodFactory], see error log for details&#xA;java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.eviware.soapui.plugins.auto.factories.AutoDiscoveryMethodFactory&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)&#xA;    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)&#xA;    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:190)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.LoaderBase.loadAutoFactories(LoaderBase.java:112)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.LoaderBase.loadFactories(LoaderBase.java:80)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginLoader.loadPluginFactories(PluginLoader.java:141)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginLoader.loadPlugin(PluginLoader.java:104)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginLoader.loadPlugin(PluginLoader.java:54)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginManager.doInstallPlugin(PluginManager.java:141)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginManager.access$600(PluginManager.java:43)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginManager$LoadPluginsTask.computeSequentially(PluginManager.java:420)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginManager$LoadPluginsTask.compute(PluginManager.java:377)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginManager$LoadPluginsTask.compute(PluginManager.java:382)&#xA;    at com.eviware.soapui.plugins.PluginManager$LoadPluginsTask.compute(PluginManager.java:365)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.RecursiveTask.exec(RecursiveTask.java:93)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:334)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.execTask(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:604)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.scan(ForkJoinPool.java:784)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.work(ForkJoinPool.java:646)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:398)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the tests run fine. But these errors do come before invoking the test suite. What could be the possible reason?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2018-11-23T05:00:55.160" Title="Error while running Test Cases in SoapUI from eclipse" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26465" CreationDate="2017-03-30T07:26:21.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now a days computers are fast enough to automate &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mutation testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You run all the tests, make sure they are green/successful. Then introduce a mutation and run all the tests again and expect it to be red/failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any mutation that is not caught by a test, means you lack a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Mutation testing is based on two hypotheses. The first is the&#xA;  competent programmer hypothesis. This hypothesis states that most&#xA;  software faults introduced by experienced programmers are due to small&#xA;  syntactic errors. The second hypothesis is called the coupling effect.&#xA;  The coupling effect asserts that simple faults can cascade or couple&#xA;  to form other emergent faults.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;code coverage&lt;/a&gt; could also help, combining both coverage and mutation testing will go a long way to proof that your test suite is effective in catching unintended changes or small defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T07:26:21.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26504" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-30T07:27:08.390" Score="2" ViewCount="3245" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the moment my tests are running only in Firefox, because that is the driver which initialize at last. I need to run my tests on both Firefox and Chrome. Parallel or serially. But it should be automatic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my example test-code:.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace TestOne&#xA;{&#xA;    [TestClass]&#xA;    public class UnitTest1&#xA;    {&#xA;        public static IWebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;        [TestInitialize]&#xA;        public void BeforeEveryTest()&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;            driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [TestMethod]&#xA;        public void NavigateToGoogle()&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [TestCleanup]&#xA;        public void RunAfterEveryTest()&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.Quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the options to run this test for both Chrome and Firefox? When using the C# testing tools (e.g. mstest.exe or vstest.console.exe)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T15:59:59.883" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T10:43:13.877" Title="MSTest-Cross browser testing C# with Selenium?-how to run C# Selenium tests against multiple browsers" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26504" CreationDate="2017-03-30T09:21:26.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you can use a &lt;code&gt;.RunSettings&lt;/code&gt; as described in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj635153.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MSDN documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot; ?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;RunSettings&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;TestRunParameters&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;chrome&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/TestRunParameters&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/RunSettings&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you make a file for Firefox and Chrome you can run the tests from the command-line with &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj155796.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;VStest.Console&lt;/a&gt; like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;vstest.console myTestDll.dll /Settings:Chrome.RunSettings /Logger:trx&#xA;vstest.console myTestDll.dll /Settings:Firefox.RunSettings /Logger:trx&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your test would look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [TestInitialize]&#xA;    public void BeforeEveryTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;        if ( TestContext.Properties[&quot;browser&quot;].ToString() == &quot;chrome&quot; ) {&#xA;          driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        } else {&#xA;          driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="1070" LastEditDate="2017-07-24T03:17:43.603" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T03:17:43.603" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26511" CreationDate="2017-03-30T09:23:49.977" Score="2" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone asked me a question next to water cooler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;It is unrealistic for us to catch all of the security loopholes, so why do we still execute security tests?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was speechless, could not provide any answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T12:52:46.883" Title="If we can not catch all of security bugs, why do we still test?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;security&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26509" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26516" CreationDate="2017-03-30T09:26:39.640" Score="3" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently taken a position as QA Lead/Manager at a small company that has been developing software for over 10 years. However, they have never had a professional tester or any QA department. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am finding it very difficult in trying to get senior management to understand the importance of testing and the importance of change management (it's very hard to change a culture of over a decade). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are looking to move to agile very soon (next 3-4 weeks after our last big waterfall release) but yet are still asking developers to add new features into the release now without any discussion on the impact that will have to development, test and release date. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I come from an enterprise software background where the QA department had already been set up. This new job was always going to be a challenge. Is there any advice? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23128" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T11:23:26.883" Title="How to communicate the value of QA &amp; Testing to senior management" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26508" CreationDate="2017-03-30T09:34:39.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not just security testing, testing, in general, can not find all of the bugs, there is no guarantee that a system can be free of bugs or free from attacks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the purpose for us to execute security tests or software tests, in general, is not to find all of the bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The purposes are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify risks and evaluate the effectiveness of existing security defenses. / Evaluate current software quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing/software testing shows our due diligence has been performed in protecting digital assets / improving software quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In event of legal actions, we have proof that we have taken steps to protect sensitive information / improving software quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T09:34:39.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26509" CreationDate="2017-03-30T09:38:39.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;It depends on the size of your company and the software product you make.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not uncommon for a company that does not need a dedicated QA department. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use facts to convince them. During Agile sprints, if you can collect information that demonstrates having a dedicated QA team is better than having none. Such as the number of bugs that get to production and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T09:38:39.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26395" CreationDate="2017-03-30T10:02:45.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in a similar position as yourself as being the only tester in the company. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of approaching testing for a project, my advice is to find an approach/ process that works best for you and your company as each company/tester is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Experiment with different approaches and see which one works best. Approaches I've used in the past are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test plan following ISO/ISEE &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mind map&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checklist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each one started with gaining an idea of what was in scope and what was out with relevant stakeholders. &#xA;From these conversations, I got an idea of what was needed for the release not just functional testing (i.e making sure it worked, ensuring existing functionality still works (regression)) but also non-functional (performance, security, usability). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on how your company work, you can break these down by feature/ requirement: For each feature/requirement: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does it work as it should&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does existing functionality integrated with it work as it should?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;does it perform?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is it secure?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is it usable?&#xA;etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then it's a case of deciding what to automate and what not as per the approaches above. I generally follow a risk-based testing strategy based on the technical and the business risk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Severity = business impact (high, medium, low)&#xA;Probability = technical/testability risk (high, medium, low)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This forms a matrix and helps me decide priority, what is important to automate and other decisions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most important is to always have a definition of done/ release criteria that everyone can agree on - stakeholders, developers, testers etc. There will always be lots of things to test, new and imaginative ways to find defects etc so this is important to help know when to finish and by getting everyone to agree, it helps brings everyone together to help get a release out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that helped? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23128" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T10:02:45.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26275" CreationDate="2017-03-30T10:12:08.147" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;--start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-web-security&quot;);&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;--no-proxy-server&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; prefs = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;();&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;profile.password_manager_enabled&quot;, false);&#xA;&#xA;options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;prefs&quot;, prefs);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24906" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T22:46:48.823" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T22:46:48.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26509" CreationDate="2017-03-30T10:53:44.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you have a lot of education to do for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with a high level concept:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Advocate for prevention over detection&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be simple.  Say that and then be quiet.  Let company management have a conversation with you and &lt;strong&gt;make sure they are on-board with this concept&lt;/strong&gt;  Without buy-in to this idea you're going to have a hard time with anything else detailed below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would start by identifying and communicating the &lt;em&gt;processes&lt;/em&gt; that allowed these bugs to occur (if possible) and then, more significantly, on processes you wish to introduce that will &lt;em&gt;prevent&lt;/em&gt; future bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend using the Agile opportunity to introduce qa.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Explain that unlike traditional waterfall setups where you get requirements, write the code and then have QA test it.  In Agile QA needs to be part of the development process itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explain that for Agile the idea is that QA is embedded with the the dev team and is looking to &lt;em&gt;prevent&lt;/em&gt; bugs in the first place.  Would they rather have QA fixing bugs that cost the money or prevent them in the first place.  Make clear that when you move to QA preventing bugs their work will actually be &lt;em&gt;less visible&lt;/em&gt;.  No pile of bug reports showing their worth, waiting for dev to fix, instead working software that avoid bugs in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically you'll want to make sure the the development team (including QA) are using good approaches such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multi device,browser and version testing.  Get your site stats from your server logs and see what users are using.  Make sure management are aware that developers can't check all devices and browsers and versions.  It's impractical and they won't do it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Making sure that the company's metrics for quality are being used.  For some this would mean more revenue, for others more new users, for others greater market share.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD/BDD  You dont have to write the tests before the actual code, however make sure they are written before the code is finished and merged into master.  Management need to know that this is practice is being used so they can observe when it is not followed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Brand your work QE - Quality Engineering over QA - Quality Assurance to emphasis the engineering aspect of a modern Quality shop and to make it clear that this isn't just about manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page Object approach to using selectors.  Be passionate about good practices like this to gain respect from developers who are passionate about code practices.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify happy, sad and optional flows for automating to make sure that the product has good test coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use tools that analyze code and test coverage and show you where work is needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When introducing the Agile approach make sure that the definition of done includes approval for QE, however be careful not to make a QE roadblock for all tickets.  Be selective.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Show management various examples of when quality engineering would have helped.  This requires both patience and tact.  You should have several opportunities over the course of a year to highlight bugs that cost the company money and could have been protected with better Quality Engineering.  If you have no examples over a year it's going to be pretty hard to persuade folks of the practical value of QE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T11:23:26.883" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T11:23:26.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26744" CreationDate="2017-03-30T11:03:23.723" Score="2" ViewCount="1231" Body="&lt;p&gt;How would you disable the pop-up: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Do you want Google Chrome to save your password for this site?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know it is due to upgrading my ChromeDriver to version 2.28. I have seen solutions recently but all for Java or C# and I am working with Ruby which acts slightly differently as it uses DesiredCapabilities directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not see the capability that I need from the list given here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/capabilities&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/capabilities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to use a similar solution to one I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions cOpt = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;cOpt.AddUserProfilePreference(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;cOpt.AddUserProfilePreference(&quot;profile.password_manager_enabled&quot;, false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone solved this issue for Ruby?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastEditorUserId="24907" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T13:11:04.340" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:31:27.277" Title="How to Get Rid of Save Password Popup in Chrome (Ruby)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26341" CreationDate="2017-03-30T11:31:57.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another option is to split the string into parts and use concat to put it back together again. Messy but it works and can be used over and over rather than dealing with it each time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So this will return an xpath representation of the input string, or itself if there are no apostrophes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static String replaceApostrophes(String input)&#xA;{&#xA;    input = input.replaceAll(&quot;#comma#&quot;, &quot;,&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    if (input.contains(&quot;'&quot;))&#xA;    {&#xA;        String prefix = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;        String[] elements = input.split(&quot;'&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        String output = &quot;concat(&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        for (String s : elements)&#xA;        {&#xA;            output += prefix + &quot;'&quot; + s + &quot;'&quot;;&#xA;            prefix = &quot;,\&quot;'\&quot;,&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        if (output.endsWith(&quot;,&quot;)) &#xA;            output = output.substring(0, output.length() - 2);&#xA;&#xA;        output += &quot;)&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        return output;&#xA;    }&#xA;    else &#xA;        return &quot;'&quot; + input + &quot;'&quot;;        &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastEditorUserId="24907" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T19:11:43.087" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T19:11:43.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26519" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26521" CreationDate="2017-03-30T11:46:18.657" Score="2" ViewCount="495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I searched alot on forums to find command for capturing everything displayed on the desktop (not just the browser window), but found that this is a bug or limitation. The questions I found were of 2 to 3 years old. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, is this still a bug or we have got some solution now? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using this way but it only captures the browser window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(&quot;c:\\Users\\rabia.asif\\Desktop\\&quot;+time()+&quot;.png&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24880" LastEditorUserId="8428" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T05:31:11.493" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T05:31:11.493" Title="Entire desktop screenshot on Chrome and Firefox" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26519" CreationDate="2017-03-30T12:45:04.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is NOT bug or limitation, it is so by design. Browser knows only what is displayed in its browser window. If you want a screenshot of the whole screen, you need to ask underlying operating system. Which obviously is system-dependent, so browsers (by design) don't do that. And it is not even good idea for browser be able to do anything in operating system: many very creative people would do very creative things with such tool, and results would not be happy. hackers paradise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe some VNC tools can be automated: they deal with whole screen and are aware of the operating system they run in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T12:45:04.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26508" CreationDate="2017-03-30T12:52:46.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every complex system is like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_in_depth_(computing)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_in_depth_(computing)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Defense in depth is also used in real life: If security belt in cars don't prevent all car deaths, why we still use them? If anti-aircraft defense does not shot all bombers, why we bother? Because results with using more layers of defense are better than using only a single layer of defense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T12:52:46.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26519" CreationDate="2017-03-30T13:38:01.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chrome itself does not support full page screenshots (as you discovered).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chrome screenshot extensions like &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/full-page-screen-capture/fdpohaocaechififmbbbbbknoalclacl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Full Page Screenshot&lt;/a&gt; circumvent this restriction by scrolling, and then stitching together a full page screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some browser automation tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://imacros.net&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iMacros&lt;/a&gt; (based on IE) or &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu&lt;/a&gt; (based on Chromium) have commands to &lt;a href=&quot;https://kantu.io/docs#screenshot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capture full page screenshots&lt;/a&gt; automatically. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;PhantomJS can do so as well: &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/screen-capture.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://phantomjs.org/screen-capture.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T13:38:01.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26524" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26525" CreationDate="2017-03-30T14:31:38.830" Score="24" ViewCount="4198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a bug that is rarely reproduced, in about 1 case out of 5 attempts (20% reproducibility). Developers made a new version with the fix. How many times do I need to run a test to be sure that the bug is fixed? The bug is major or even critical, so it should be tested with extreme care. I cannot write an automated test because it's a complex scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21853" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-01T20:35:28.907" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T14:57:07.563" Title="How can I be sure that rarely reproduced issue is fixed?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26524" CreationDate="2017-03-30T14:52:36.737" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can never be 100% sure that a rarely reproducible bug is fixed, you can only edge closer to 99.9999999...%&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simple way to monitor how confident you are in the fix is to run the reproduction steps over and over, logging how many times you (hopefully!) don't encounter the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the bug wasn't fixed, on the first test there is a 80% chance that the bug wasn't fixed but just didn't occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the second test, there is now a 0.8 * 0.8 = 0.64 (64%) chance that the bug wasn't fixed but didn't occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the third: 0.8^3 = 0.512 = 51.2% chance that the bug isn't fixed but just didn't occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You go on until you feel your confidence is good enough. You describe this as a potentially critical issue, so 99.5% may be your bottom confidence limit.&#xA;For this, do 24 tests. This will give you a 0.8^24 = 0.004722 (0.47%) chance that the bug isn't fixed and just didn't occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For 99.9% confidence, you'd need to do 31 tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24363" LastEditorUserId="6272" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T19:56:22.450" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T19:56:22.450" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26526" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-30T14:54:01.427" Score="2" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an App ver - 3.8 and minimum supported version is 4.0. If the App is older than 4.0, an update available is shown to the User within the App.&#xA;Is there a way to simulate or test this scenario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16774" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T12:25:44.600" Title="How to do version compatibility testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-30T16:20:05.033" Score="1" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im runing some of my test on cross browser and when i try to do it on Android as on below code ,Some times it gives me an error saying &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Caused by: io.selendroid.standalone.exceptions.ShellCommandException:&#xA;  error: dev ice 'emulator-5560' not found&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void SetupBrowser(string BrowserName)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            if (BrowserName.Equals(&quot;IE&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;            }&#xA;            else if (BrowserName.Equals(&quot;chrome&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;            }&#xA;            else if (BrowserName.Equals(&quot;android&quot;))&#xA;            {&#xA;                DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;               // capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;FAAZCY04X185&quot;);&#xA;                driver = new RemoteWebDriver(DesiredCapabilities.Android());&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with &lt;code&gt;capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;FAAZCY04X185&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; but no luck.&#xA;So how to provide my actual device to the &lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T16:20:05.033" Title="Selendroid is alwasy looking for default emulator-5560'" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selendroid&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26526" CreationDate="2017-03-30T17:09:12.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To test any thing is to simulate the conditions necessary to for the thing to happen and see if the thing happens. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To paraphrase what Dan Wilson said. If you want to see if v3.8 of an app prompts for an update, load v3.8 and see if it prompts for an update. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you're working with multiple versions it helps to have a standard procedure for setting up the testing environment with with any supported version of your software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14516" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T17:09:12.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26524" CreationDate="2017-03-30T17:12:32.480" Score="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probabilistically, Jake is certainly correct.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, computers are deterministic machines, so when you say that you can only reproduce a problem 1/5 of the time, what you're really saying is that you're only actually creating the situation that leads to the problem 1/5 of the time.  You need to talk to the developer, and get a better understanding of what the problem was, what caused it to occur, and what he did to fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because that's what I'd be much more concerned about.  Was he able to track the problem down to a specific line of code/function/whatever, and fix that, and add test cases to make sure the problem doesn't happen again in the future, or did he do something to paper over the problem, maybe by adding another layer of recovery?  Both of those will make the problem go away, but only one of them is fixing the problem.  (And depending on the severity of the problem, and where the problem was found, and the nature of the problem, papering over the problem may be the right thing in the short term, but probably not in the long term.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, the developer should be able to tell you what makes that 1/5 of the time different from the other 4/5 of the time, and you should be able to use that information to increase the chances of you hitting the problem to greater than 20%, possibly to 100%.  And then you can be sure the problem is fixed, not almost sure the problem is fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T17:12:32.480" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26524" CreationDate="2017-03-30T23:58:07.630" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a great example of an almost criminal use of statistics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reminds me of Cargo Cult coding ( &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargo_cult_programming&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargo_cult_programming&lt;/a&gt; ). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless your trials are random (meaning mindless) and they weren't, your use of statistical reasoning is almost certainly &lt;em&gt;wrong&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The math has to follow the model, and you don't seem to have a good understanding of the model of the problem. (If you did, you wouldn't be asking your question). The obvious answer is beta testing. Assuming you want to know how much testing is required prior to beta testing, then the answer is you need to do &quot;sufficient&quot; testing so that you're confident that the frequency of occurrence is much reduced (essentially gone). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that random noise typically scales with √n, and you'd have to do about 10 (random) trials to be fairly sure the bug rate wasn't 20% (or more) then do 100. Frankly, if you don't try it with a number (how many? IDK, maybe 10 or 20) machines/network configs (with which you are able to demonstrate the bug occurs (in the old code)) and at least 20 or 50 replicates on each, I'd not be very comfortable with the claim that it's been fixed. Again, without a good model of the problem, any confidence you have that its been fixed is mostly wishful thinking. Sorry. We lack the ability to reliably determine the reliability in all but the most simple code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other answers I've seen assume a pure cut and paste scenario where &quot;bad code&quot; is cut out and replaced with &quot;good code&quot;. That almost never happens. Patches usually address multiple (and often interrelated) problems. Bugs that are confined to one line of source code generally do not cause &quot;rare&quot; occasional bugs. One final comment. I'd never employ a programmer who believes a 20% frequency rate is a rare problem. Lets say 20% of your friends die every year. Rare? Not! Sure it's a moot point, but my idea of rare is 1 in 1000 or less, not 20%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24923" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-03-30T23:59:49.777" LastActivityDate="2017-03-30T23:59:49.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26524" CreationDate="2017-03-31T07:38:55.757" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like the other answers, but I would like to add automation to the mix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I cannot write automated test because it's a complex scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can do it manually (on a computer) you can probably automate it, but you do not have to create a maintainable automated test for this. I would expect most, if not all, scenarios are loopable with a record and playback tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I have created UI tests that loop infinitely to reproduce issues that do not occur with clear defined steps. Issues that occur randomly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try to make sure that the issue happens after at least X times or loops. That way developers know how long to run the automated test to verify that the issue was fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is certainly handy for issues that are related to memory leaks, database connections that are not always freed, or just random defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the issue was fixed I would just loop the tests for several days for extra confirmation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, it is wise to do a root-cause analysis, think about whether other locations might have a similar problem, and also tackle those. Nothing is worse than fixing it in one location and then having your client start complaining about another one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T14:57:07.563" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T14:57:07.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26533" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26574" CreationDate="2017-03-31T07:39:01.633" Score="0" ViewCount="11600" Body="&lt;p&gt;To zoom in webpage on browser I searched solution and used two ways but on both I am receiving an error can someone please help me identify where is the mistake or whats wrong with the code. Browser I am using is &lt;strong&gt;Chrome&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First method: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element = driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;html&quot;));&#xA;element.sendKeys(Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, Keys.ADD));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error received on this: &#xA;   &lt;strong&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: cannot focus element&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To solve above error I tried:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; element = driver.findElement(By.tagname(&quot;html&quot;));&#xA;        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;        actions.moveToElement(element);&#xA;        actions.click();&#xA;        actions.sendKeys(Keys.CONTROL, Keys.ADD);&#xA;        actions.build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error received: &lt;strong&gt;unknown error: Failed to execute 'getComputedStyle' on 'Window': parameter 1 is not of type 'Element'.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I tried to replace element &quot;html&quot; with &quot;body&quot; but zoom not worked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24880" LastEditorUserId="24880" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T08:02:12.500" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T03:52:55.910" Title="Test zoom levels of page on browsers" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11882" CreationDate="2017-03-31T08:53:39.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Selenium IDE version it is very easy to export:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Record testcase in Selenium IDE&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click File - Export Testcase As - Java / JUnit4 / WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Save File as .java&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your testcase is now java and can be opened and managed and run in eclipse.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T08:53:39.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26533" CreationDate="2017-03-31T09:59:28.237" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;it should work (work around)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;document.body.style.zoom='80%'&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18340" LastEditorUserId="18340" LastEditDate="2017-03-31T10:20:08.343" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T10:20:08.343" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26422" CreationDate="2017-03-31T10:33:47.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;simply this should do the thing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    d.get(&quot;http://www.espn.in/mlb/schedule/_/date/20170329&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(d.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//table[contains(@class,'schedule has-team')]//tbody//tr//td//a&quot;)).size());&#xA;    d.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//table[contains(@class,'schedule has-team')]//tbody//tr//td//a&quot;)).&#xA;    forEach(ref -&amp;gt; {&#xA;        System.out.println(ref.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18340" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T10:33:47.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26542" CreationDate="2017-03-31T11:39:25.520" Score="1" ViewCount="3543" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing my first steps with JMeter and trying to write a small Test, which opens a page, logs in and checks if some text is displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this I created the following test, based on &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html#logging_in&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;apache login example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Constant Timer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP-Request &quot;Check login page&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Servername &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Protocoll: https&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path: login.xhtml&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method: GET&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Port: empty/default&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once Only Controller&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP-Request &quot;Do login&quot;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Servername &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Protocoll: https&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Path: login.xhtml&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method: POST&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Port: empty/default&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parameters and values for &lt;code&gt;j_username&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;j_password&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response Assertion with text chec (as child of the HTTP-Request &quot;Do login&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interleave Controller&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP-Request &quot;Welcomepage&quot; and Assertion&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assertion Results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;View Results Tree  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The login form only consists of (except css styles and labels):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form id=&quot;loginForm&quot; action=&quot;j_security_check&quot; method=&quot;post&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;input id=&quot;j_username&quot; name=&quot;j_username&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; aria-required=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;input id=&quot;j_password&quot; name=&quot;j_password&quot; type=&quot;password&quot; tabindex=&quot;2&quot; aria-required=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When execution I can successfuly do the HTTP-Request &quot;Check login page&quot; (Step 4) but the step about &quot;Do login&quot; failes with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Response code: Non HTTP response code: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException&#xA;  Response message: Non HTTP response message: Remote host closed connection during handshake&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So maybe the same question like &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/11651/jmeter-https-recording-firefox-get-sslhandshakeexception-at-app-page&quot;&gt;this, where no useful answer was posted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page is located in intranet, so no proxy is needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page is fully accessable using browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Please no &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/11651/jmeter-https-recording-firefox-get-sslhandshakeexception-at-app-page&quot;&gt;comments like &quot;Use BlazeMeter-Plugin&quot;&lt;/a&gt; - it's an internal page and therefor not allowed to be recorded into any external cloud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To be honest I don't want to use the JMeter record Proxy, because I want to understand what happens and how I can create things and not only execute some recorded stuff&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My thread groups only consists of one thread and user, so it can't be a problem like described in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36687502/jmeter-getting-non-http-response-message-remote-host-closed-connection-during-h&quot;&gt;this SO-question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter 3.1 (2017-03-31) and Java 1.8&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it has something to do with another form on the page, but as far as my HTML knowledge isn't outdated only one form per page can be submitted?!?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form id=&quot;footerForm&quot; name=&quot;footerForm&quot; method=&quot;post&quot; action=&quot;login.xhtml&quot; enctype=&quot;application/x-www-form-urlencoded&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;javax.faces.ViewState&quot; id=&quot;javax.faces.ViewState&quot; value=&quot;&amp;lt;very long string, like base64 or something like that&amp;gt;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I also have to submit the second one - how can I do this?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10489" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T14:24:12.897" Title="JMeter: Login on HTTPS/JSF-page" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26524" CreationDate="2017-03-31T11:58:33.283" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Experience taught me the environment is essential in such cases.&#xA;You need to understand the fix, what problem did the developer address.&#xA;For instance, maybe the developer simply made the code less restrictive.&#xA;Or more defensive - e.g. return earlier in the flow in case of unexpected input. If this is the case, ask him to give you a version without the fix but with logs in the area where he put the shield.&#xA;Check the logs carefully before and after the fix.&#xA;Then you will learn how much testing is enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24941" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T11:58:33.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2364" CreationDate="2017-03-31T13:09:25.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile Development development schema changes are quite frequent.&#xA;At my last 3 companies the frequency is at least weekly.  The contrasts greatly to development I did 20 years ago where schema changes were very infrequent, e.g. monthly or quarterly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't mean the application is under to much 'churn' to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the database changes will likely not affect existing tests.&#xA;Those that do affect changes will need to have their tests updated.  Updating tests as the db and code changes should be SOP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary: Yes write automated validation tests now.  'Tomorrow will be more stable' is not a good way to approach it'.  It's true for a few days or a week or two but not much longer than that.  The greater danger I have seen is that they are put off and not written and then it is 'too late' to devote resources to it cos 'we just want to get the feature out this week due to business reasons x,y,z'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T13:09:25.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26541" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26545" CreationDate="2017-03-31T14:23:26.027" Score="7" ViewCount="8865" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know the difference between the roles Test Analyst and Technical Test Analyst, since the ISTQB has different paths for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/advanced-level/advanced-level-test-analyst.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Analyst&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/advanced-level/advanced-level-technical-test-analyst.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Technical Test Analyst&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a difference in experience/skills/typical earnings for a Test Analyst versus a Technical Test Analyst?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a difference across the industry, what is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22476" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T20:04:34.973" LastActivityDate="2018-08-07T13:04:29.043" Title="Difference between the roles Test Analyst and Technical Test Analyst" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26538" CreationDate="2017-03-31T14:24:12.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have 2 points to handle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Deal with HTTPS problem. It may have several reasons behind, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mismatch between server and JMeter HTTPS protocol (TLS, SSLv2, SSLv3, etc.). You need to figure out the required configuration and amend JMeter's &lt;code&gt;https.default.protocol&lt;/code&gt; and/or &lt;code&gt;https.socket.protocols&lt;/code&gt; accordingly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application expects client SSL certificate. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#SSL_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SSL Manager&lt;/a&gt; documentation and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-set-your-jmeter-load-test-use-client-side-certificates&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Set Your JMeter Load Test to Use Client Side Certificates&lt;/a&gt; for details.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract this &lt;code&gt;javax.faces.ViewState&lt;/code&gt; hidden input value, save it into a JMeter Variable and pass the variable along with credentials. You can do it using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;, the relevant regular expression would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;javax.faces.ViewState&quot; id=&quot;javax.faces.ViewState&quot; value=&quot;(.+?)&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T14:24:12.897" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26543" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-03-31T16:03:43.667" Score="1" ViewCount="581" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm getting the error below when I try to open default chrome web browser on my mobile phone using Appium and c#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It opens chrome for few seconds and it get dispersed, So I can't perform my test steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; info: [debug] Responding to client with error: {&quot;status&quot;:33,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;message&quot;:&quot;A new session could not be created. (Original error: A new session could not be created. (Original error: session not created exception\nfrom unknown error: Runtime.executionContextCreated has invalid 'context': {\&quot;auxData\&quot;:{\&quot;frameId\&quot;:\&quot;7128.1\&quot;,\&quot;isDefault\&quot;:true},\&quot;id\&quot;:1,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;\&quot;,\&quot;origin\&quot;:\&quot;://\&quot;}\n  (Session info: chrome=56.0.2924.87)\n  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.18.343845 (73dd713ba7fbfb73cbb514e62641d8c96a94682a),platform=Windows NT 6.3 x86_64)))&quot;,&quot;status&quot;:33,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;message&quot;:&quot;session not created exception\nfrom unknown error: Runtime.executionContextCreated has invalid 'context': {\&quot;auxData\&quot;:{\&quot;frameId\&quot;:\&quot;7128.1\&quot;,\&quot;isDefault\&quot;:true},\&quot;id\&quot;:1,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;\&quot;,\&quot;origin\&quot;:\&quot;://\&quot;}\n  (Session info: chrome=56.0.2924.87)\n  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.18.343845 (73dd713ba7fbfb73cbb514e62641d8c96a94682a),platform=Windows NT 6.3 x86_64)&quot;},&quot;httpCode&quot;:200,&quot;origValue&quot;:&quot;A new session could not be created. (Original error: session not created exception\nfrom unknown error: Runtime.executionContextCreated has invalid 'context': {\&quot;auxData\&quot;:{\&quot;frameId\&quot;:\&quot;7128.1\&quot;,\&quot;isDefault\&quot;:true},\&quot;id\&quot;:1,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;\&quot;,\&quot;origin\&quot;:\&quot;://\&quot;}\n  (Session info: chrome=56.0.2924.87)\n  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.18.343845 (73dd713ba7fbfb73cbb514e62641d8c96a94682a),platform=Windows NT 6.3 x86_64))&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:null}&#xA;&amp;gt; info: &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session 500 35983.830 ms - 1363 &#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;shutdown&quot;}&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type SHUTDOWN&#xA;&amp;gt; info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:&quot;OK, shutting down&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what my code looks like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static AppiumDriver&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; driver { get; set; }&#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void TestMethod1()&#xA;{&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;   // capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;device&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;app&quot;, &quot;Chrome&quot;);&#xA;     capabilities.SetCapability(CapabilityType.BrowserName, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.SetCapability(CapabilityType.Version, &quot;6.0.1&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.SetCapability(CapabilityType.BrowserName, &quot;Chrome&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.SetCapability(CapabilityType.Platform, &quot;ANDROID&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.SetCapability(CapabilityType.Version, &quot;5.0.2&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;FAAZCY04X185&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;ANDROID&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    //cap.setCapability(&quot;autoAcceptAlerts&quot;, true);&#xA;   // cap.setCapability(&quot;disable-popup-blocking&quot;, false);&#xA;&#xA;    //webDriver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), cap);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     driver = new AndroidDriver&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;(new Uri(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(180));&#xA;   // IWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new  Uri(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.yahoo.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-06T03:50:14.970" LastActivityDate="2019-12-25T00:01:50.240" Title="Can't open chrome web browser on android" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26541" CreationDate="2017-03-31T18:21:12.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based solely on the description I can make the assumption that the technical test analyst is geared towards the devops shift in the industry. The technical test analyst would know more about the processes involving automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23033" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T18:21:12.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26541" CreationDate="2017-03-31T18:52:33.963" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Technical Test Analyst most closely aligns with &quot;Test Engineer&quot; whereas the Test Analyst is just a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Engineer or Technical implies the knowledge and capability to do more than just stay on the surface but to be able to dig around into the engineering makeup of an application or product.  If you were doing some oil rig testing, you would want an engineer to look into it to verify it's quality and not just some person to check off a list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I look for a &quot;tester&quot; it's someone who can articulately and competently test an application in order to ensure that the functionality is working correctly.  When I look for a &quot;test engineer or Technical tester&quot; it's someone who can understand the way an application is supposed to work and dig in and find out how it's not working correctly with an understanding of the technical makeup of the application.  Often Test Engineers also can get into automation as they have more understanding of coding and application setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T18:52:33.963" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26541" CreationDate="2017-03-31T20:52:56.083" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the differences are best explained by comparing their skill sets:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WaLWP.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WaLWP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my personal experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical test analyst is involved with more test automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test analyst is involved with more business UAT.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The borderline between them is not strictly black-white, most of the time, it is merely a title. It does not mean a test analyst can not do test automation or a technical test analyst can not execute business UAT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-03-31T20:52:56.083" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26551" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-01T07:31:23.907" Score="1" ViewCount="1513" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my code in C# I press the delete button and open a pop up where I select the amount of deletions that I want to delete and press again on delete it will delete.         &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Delete&quot;)).Click();&#xA;new SelectElement(PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;(//select[@id='remove_shares'])[2]&quot;))).SelectByText(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;(//button[@type='button'])[2]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm trying to do is record a loop every time I press delete and open a pop-up window, find the highest value inside the dropdown and select it and delete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But just every time the values inside the dropdown are changed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Delete&quot;)).Click();&#xA;var mySelectElm = PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;(//select[@id='remove_shares'])[2]&quot;));&#xA;var mySelect = new SelectElement(mySelectElm);&#xA;var values = mySelect.SelectedOption;&#xA;foreach (var option in values)&#xA;{&#xA;    Console.WriteLine(option.Text); //Prints &quot;Option&quot;, followed by &quot;Not Option&quot;&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;(//button[@type='button'])[2]&quot;)).Click();&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That the error I get but I need help with writing the code better:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error 1   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;foreach statement cannot operate on variables of type&#xA;  'OpenQA.Selenium.IWebElement' because&#xA;  'OpenQA.Selenium.IWebElement' does not contain a public definition&#xA;  for 'GetEnumerator'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C:\Users\Numg\Desktop\selenium\ConsoleApplication5\ConsoleApplication5\Program.cs 54  17  ConsoleApplication5&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24316" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-15T11:51:43.643" LastActivityDate="2019-07-15T11:51:43.643" Title="C# Selenium WebDriver Foreach not working" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26552" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26555" CreationDate="2017-04-01T08:34:16.173" Score="1" ViewCount="1131" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the web application i am trying to automate there is a Login page and a Secure page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When user enters valid credentials in Login page s/he is navigated to Secure page with a success message. If the credentials are invalid s/he would stay in the same page with an error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created two page objects to represent them LoginPage and Secure Page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Login Page&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginPage extends BasePage&#xA;{&#xA;  public void loginWith(String username,String password)&#xA;  {&#xA;    enter(usernameLocator, username);&#xA;    enter(passwordLocator,password);&#xA;    clickOn(loginButton);&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secure Page&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public class SecurePage extends BasePage&#xA; {&#xA;    public void logout()&#xA;    {&#xA;        if(isDisplayed(logoutButton))&#xA;        {&#xA;            clickOn(logoutButton);&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Log out button is not displayed&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return this;&#xA;    }      &#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Class&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginTests extends BaseTest&#xA;{&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider=&quot;TestData&quot;, dataProviderClass=TestDataProvider.class)&#xA;    public void validUserLoginTest(String username, String password)&#xA;    {&#xA;      LoginPage login = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;      login.loginWith(username, password);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I want make modifications to my &lt;code&gt;loginWith()&lt;/code&gt; method so that I could return respective page object based on the credentials entered. (i.e, if valid credentials -&gt; Secure Page, invalid credentials -&gt; Login Page).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you please suggest how could I do achieve that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One solution I thought is to create two methods in my login page like &lt;code&gt;loginWithValidCrendentials(), loginWithInvalidCrendentials()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I don't want to create two methods which basically does the same action(but would produce different results because of their method parameters).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-04-01T08:40:09.000" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T12:18:33.743" Title="Facing problem while returning page objects from a method based on the arguments provided to the method" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26553" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-01T08:37:35.513" Score="3" ViewCount="492" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are testing a computerized gas pump that allows users to pay using credit cards. Four types of cards are accepted: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mastercard &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discover and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;American Express&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pump will reject any other type of card. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If given an accepted credit card, the pump validates the card.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the card is valid, the pump is turned on and the customer is told to begin pumping gas. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The pump remains on until the transaction ends. The transaction ends when one of the following events occurs:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pump handle is returned to pump&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amount reaches transaction limit for card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No gas is pumped within two minutes of validation of card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Emergency shut-off switch is thrown by the station attendant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume that a test is consists of a triple set of values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;card type, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;card validity, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;transaction ending&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Design the minimum number of tests needed to cover all the equivalence partitions for each card brand, including both valid and invalid cards of each accepted type, along with covering each equivalence partition for transaction endings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How many tests do you need?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5 Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;9 Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;17 Tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The correct answer given was &lt;strong&gt;9 Tests&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Question is : &lt;strong&gt;What is the reason behind the answer?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My assumption is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4 Tests&lt;/strong&gt; for valid Visa, Mastercard, Discover and American Express. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4 Tests&lt;/strong&gt; for invalid Visa, Mastercard, Discover and American Express.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 Test&lt;/strong&gt; for any other type of card&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transaction ending events (&lt;em&gt;Pump handle is returned to pump, Amount reaches transaction limit for card, No gas is pumped within two minutes of validation of card, Emergency shut-off switch is thrown by the station attendant&lt;/em&gt;) will be tested with the above 9 Test Cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my assumption correct? or is there any other school of thought that should be exercised when it comes to questions like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS : Those who are interested can read the original question here : &lt;a href=&quot;http://m.softwaretestinggenius.com/?page=details&amp;amp;url=istqb-advanced-level-test-analyst-and-technical-test-analyst-exam-sample-paper-q-111-to-120&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://m.softwaretestinggenius.com/?page=details&amp;amp;url=istqb-advanced-level-test-analyst-and-technical-test-analyst-exam-sample-paper-q-111-to-120&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22882" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T20:03:04.463" Title="Test Case generation using Equivalence Partition [ISTQB Adanced Level Test Analyst]" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;equivalence-partition&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26551" CreationDate="2017-04-01T12:09:40.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Replace this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var values = mySelect.SelectedOption;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var values = mySelect.Options;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way your &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; loop will work, because you'll have a list of options to loop through. Your current code only returns a single element, on which &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-04-01T12:23:25.823" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T12:23:25.823" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26552" CreationDate="2017-04-01T12:11:17.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The login action could always return the securePage as this is the location you would expect it to end up if a login was successful. In the case you use invalid credentials you best use the old pageObject again in your test to verify you are still on the same page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here some example pseudo-code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginPage {&#xA;  // locators&#xA;  usernameLocator = By.id(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;  passwordLocator = By.id(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;  loginButton = By.id(&quot;loginBtn&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  // actions&#xA;  loginWith(username, password) {&#xA;    enter(usernameLocator, username);&#xA;    enter(passwordLocator, password);&#xA;    clickOn(loginButton);&#xA;    return new SecurePage(driver);&#xA; }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class SecurePage {&#xA;  // locators&#xA;  logoutButton = By.id(&quot;logoutBtn&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  // logout&#xA;  logout() {&#xA;    clickOn(logoutButton);&#xA;    return new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And two tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginTests {&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider=&quot;TestDataValidUsers&quot;)&#xA;    validUserLoginTest(username, password) {&#xA;      // arrange&#xA;      LoginPage login = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;      // act&#xA;      SecurePage page = login.loginWith(username, password);&#xA;      // assert&#xA;      assert.False(login.loginButton.isDisplayed());&#xA;      page.logout();&#xA;      assert.True(login.loginButton.isDisplayed());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider=&quot;TestDataInvalidUsers&quot;)&#xA;    invalidUserLoginTest(username, password) {&#xA;      // arrange&#xA;      LoginPage login = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;      // act&#xA;      SecurePage page = login.loginWith(username, password);&#xA;      // assert&#xA;      assert.False(page.logoutButton.isDisplayed());&#xA;      assert.True(login.loginButton.isDisplayed());&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now the test validate login and logout, which I would split into separate tests, but thats a different thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should be able to use the pageObjects even if the page was not rendered. Your example code does an if in the code. That is essential an assert or logic in the pageObject. Which is not advised as it should describe just the locators and the actions. Not if those are working correctly, handle that in your tests. (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.thepete.net/blog/2013/09/13/assertions-in-page-objects/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Some are pro&lt;/a&gt; assertions in pageObjects, &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;some are against&lt;/a&gt;, decide for yourself, I am against ;-)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't try to put the invalid and valid users tests in to a single tests. It is perfectly fine to make multiple tests. Or for that matter multiple functions with slightly different effects if it enhances readability and maintainability of the tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An action leading to a new location should always return its happy path location. Try to minimise on the logic in the pageObjects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the pageObject cannot find the element it will throw an exception, there is not need to add your own error handling. Do add a wait for each element you try to interact with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But here an example where login with a different users would result into two different landing pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginPage {&#xA;  // locators&#xA;  ...&#xA;  // actions&#xA;  loginAdmin(username, password) {&#xA;    login(username, password);&#xA;    return new AdminPage(driver);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  loginUser(username, password) {&#xA;    login(username, password);&#xA;    return new SecurePage(driver);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  loginWith(username, password) {&#xA;    if(username === admin) {&#xA;      login()&#xA;      return new AdminPage();&#xA;    } else {&#xA;      login()&#xA;      return new SecurePage();&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  login(username, password) {&#xA;    enter(usernameLocator, username);&#xA;    enter(passwordLocator, password);&#xA;    clickOn(loginButton);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either use the two functions option or the one with the ifs. I would prefer the two separate functions as the intention is more clear making the tests better readable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-04-01T12:18:33.743" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T12:18:33.743" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26556" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-01T16:37:37.877" Score="9" ViewCount="271" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm planning to make STQA as my career option.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I don't like programming at all however I'm good in manual testing and I have knowledge of understanding code(I do write code sometimes)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But in the long term I don't want to be be spending most of my time focusing on coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if I switch to automated testing then do I have to code?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If yes then what level of coding will be required ?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Being a person with less interest in programming, should I go for automated testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24967" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2017-04-04T21:47:24.747" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T21:47:24.747" Title="When writing automation, is programming required? If so, at what level?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;code&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26556" CreationDate="2017-04-01T16:42:38.530" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well I believe nothing can replace manual testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because in automation you can check what is expected, not what isn't expected. So manual testing, exploratory testing is important and will stay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can add performance testing, security testing skills. They don't require much programming skills but do need a lot of awareness of the inter connected systems. You'll be adding a lot of value to your application with these skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-04-02T04:00:57.410" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T04:00:57.410" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26556" CreationDate="2017-04-01T18:28:26.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;So if I switch to automation testing then do I have to code? If yes then what level of coding will be required ? Being a person with less interest in programming, should I go for automation testing?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well yes automation by definition means some level of programming.  Even when using visual tools to build cases you quickly run into the need to organize tests and test suites and before you know it you are effectively programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said there is some middle ground.  For example both seleniumIDE and GhostInspector are tools that can be used very effectively for automation.  Ignore their record and play option - that's a non starter from the start.  You can build test cases with these tools using good practices such as robust element identification, Page Objects (through js variables) and happy/sad/optional paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using an actual programming language / framework to write tests however, for example Ruby-rspec-capybara you will quickly find yourself drawn into your companies coding community and spending less time focusing on representing the customer viewpoint.  I have found that there is a trade-off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do both if you make sure you maintain a focus on user experience, usability, accessibility, understanding the business domain and the customers in additional to the demands of programming.  It's not easy to do both and many folks find they have to focus on one.  The perceived value of an automater over a manual tester in terms of salary is a huge deal - even if a manual tester is actually found to be be finding more bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-01T18:35:47.197" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T18:35:47.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26474" CreationDate="2017-04-01T19:23:27.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main difference between the two is the perspective and focus.  The Module is focused on code specifically and coverage of each module that exists, then they get stacked together for coverage.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The library approach is more designed to organize all the modules in a way to re-use commonalities and decrease the maintenance footprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also include that this is a specific site preference and not a global industry standard.  Data Driven and Keyword Driven are staples, but the others vary.  Like Page Factory is completely missing from the list, but is a common approach as well.  Frankly I wouldn't consider model and library as separate as they build on each other and are essentially the same thing with minor perspective swaps depending on the context provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend browsing alot of varying sites and get a combined view instead of just using a single site like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T19:23:27.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26502" CreationDate="2017-04-01T19:26:23.163" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This class is missing:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;com.eviware.soapui.plugins.auto.factories.AutoDiscoveryMethodFactory&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure eclipse can locate all the class libraries before running.  The references need to be included in the compiler for it to find them...these could be PATH variables in the OS or specific import statements after library references are included into the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T19:26:23.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26556" CreationDate="2017-04-01T19:48:08.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few tools that do not require much programming skills, for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CodedUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are record-replay tools. Basically, they record your mouse move-click actions, generate codes and record them as test cases, which you can reuse in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated test cases generated by record-replay tools are very easy to be broken as soon as there is one tiny change in the UI you are testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For maintenanable and scalable autoamted test cases, you will have to become a developer / tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T19:48:08.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26553" CreationDate="2017-04-01T20:03:04.463" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uGaKX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uGaKX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I fully agree with your answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T20:03:04.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26524" CreationDate="2017-04-01T20:27:27.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if you're speaking of a purely software system, or one that processes input from electronics and sensors, but either way, the answer is unit testing and white box testing.  Your failure mode either occurs inside the expected inputs or outside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm going to assume you're already unit testing using a range of expected inputs as well as inputs outside the boundary conditions in which your code is designed to run. Inputs beyond boundary conditions should be handled by validation. That may be the fix right there, or it may point to some upstream device or data not outputting data within its design spec.  Either way, you want to validate input on your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If failure modes still occur while sweeping through the valid input ranges, then you can find them using the original code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you reproduce the combination of conditions under which a failure occurs (and there may be more than one), you can then determine if those conditions present inputs where the original code would have failed and your fix is effective via whitebox examination of the code.  If your fix addresses all failure modes found in your unit testing, you've demonstrated it is sound and effective.  If it doesn't address all failure modes, there is more work to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24973" LastEditorUserId="24973" LastEditDate="2017-04-01T20:33:53.043" LastActivityDate="2017-04-01T20:33:53.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26566" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-02T07:27:17.960" Score="0" ViewCount="7486" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BaseTest.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;&#xA;public class BaseTest {&#xA;    public WebDriver driver=null;&#xA;    public Properties prop;&#xA;&#xA;    public void openBrowser(String bType) {&#xA;        if(prop==null){&#xA;            prop=new Properties();&#xA;            //&quot;user.dir&quot;+&quot;src\test\java\resources\projectconfig.properties&quot;&#xA;&#xA;            try {&#xA;                FileInputStream fs = new FileInputStream(System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;)+&quot;\\src\\test\\java\\resources\\projectconfig.properties&quot;);&#xA;                prop.load(fs);&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;This is the AppURL--&amp;gt;&quot;+prop.getProperty(&quot;appurl&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;                e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;)+&quot;\\src\\test\\java\\resources\\projectconfig.properties&quot;);&#xA;            if(bType.equals(&quot;chrome&quot;)){&#xA;                System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,prop.getProperty(&quot;chromedriver_exe&quot;) );&#xA;                driver=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;            }&#xA;            if(bType.equals(&quot;firefox&quot;)){&#xA;                System.setProperty(&quot;webDriver.gecko.driver&quot;,prop.getProperty(&quot;firefox_exe&quot;));&#xA;                driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            }&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void navigate(String appurl){&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(appurl);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void type(String email_xpath, String content){&#xA;        getElement(email_xpath).sendKeys(prop.getProperty(content));&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.xpath(prop.getProperty(&quot;email_xpath&quot;))).sendKeys(prop.get(&quot;content&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;    public void click(String locatorKey){&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.xpath(prop.getProperty(&quot;button_xpath&quot;))).click();&#xA;        getElement(locatorKey).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //finding element and returning it&#xA;    public WebElement getElement(String locatorKey){&#xA;        WebElement e=null;&#xA;        try{&#xA;            if (locatorKey.endsWith(&quot;_xpath&quot;)){&#xA;                e=driver.findElement(By.xpath(prop.getProperty(locatorKey)));&#xA;            }else if(locatorKey.endsWith(&quot;_id&quot;)){&#xA;                e=driver.findElement(By.id(prop.getProperty(locatorKey)));&#xA;            }else if(locatorKey.endsWith(&quot;_name&quot;)){&#xA;                e=driver.findElement(By.name(prop.getProperty(locatorKey)));&#xA;            }else{&#xA;                reportFailture(&quot;Locator NOT found/incorrect locator--&amp;gt;&quot;+locatorKey);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }catch(Exception ex){&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;            reportFailture(ex.getMessage());&#xA;        }&#xA;        return e;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ExtentManager.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.qtpselenium.core.ddf.util;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.util.Date;&#xA;&#xA;import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.DisplayOrder;&#xA;import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.ExtentReports;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class ExtentManager {&#xA;    public static ExtentReports extent;&#xA;&#xA;    public static ExtentReports getInstance() {&#xA;        if (extent == null) {&#xA;            Date d=new Date();&#xA;            String newD=d.toString().replace(&quot;:&quot;, &quot;_&quot;).replace(&quot; &quot;, &quot;_&quot;)+&quot;.html&quot;;&#xA;            //extent&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;D:\\selenium_files\\ExtentReports\\&quot;+newD);&#xA;            extent = new ExtentReports(&quot;D:\\selenium_files\\ExtentReports\\&quot;+newD, true, DisplayOrder.OLDEST_FIRST);&#xA;            extent.loadConfig(new File(System.getProperty(&quot;user.dir&quot;)+&quot;//suite//ReportsConfig.xml&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            // optional&#xA;            extent.addSystemInfo(&quot;Selenium Version&quot;, &quot;2.53.0&quot;).addSystemInfo(&quot;Environment&quot;, &quot;QA&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return extent;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Error is:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;D:\selenium_files\ExtentReports\Sun_Apr_02_12_50_36_IST_2017.html&#xA;org.testng.TestNGException:&#xA;    Cannot instantiate class com.qtpselenium.core.ddf.testcases.DummyTestA&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:40)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance1(ClassHelper.java:373)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance(ClassHelper.java:285)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getDefaultInstance(ClassImpl.java:126)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getInstances(ClassImpl.java:191)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestClass.getInstances(TestClass.java:104)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestClass.initTestClassesAndInstances(TestClass.java:90)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestClass.init(TestClass.java:82)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestClass.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestClass.java:45)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.initMethods(TestRunner.java:422)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:252)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:222)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(TestRunner.java:171)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.support.RemoteTestNG6_9_10$1.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG6_9_10.java:28)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.support.RemoteTestNG6_9_10$DelegatingTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(RemoteTestNG6_9_10.java:61)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner$ProxyTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(SuiteRunner.java:604)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.init(SuiteRunner.java:170)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(SuiteRunner.java:117)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunner(TestNG.java:1359)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunners(TestNG.java:1346)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunners(TestNG.java:1349)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1200)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1124)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1096)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:236)&#xA;at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:81)&#xA;    Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:29)&#xA;    ... 26 more&#xA;    Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: freemarker/ext/beans/BeansWrapperBuilder&#xA;    at com.relevantcodes.extentreports.HTMLReporter.start(HTMLReporter.java:75)&#xA;    at com.relevantcodes.extentreports.Report.attach(Report.java:302)&#xA;    at com.relevantcodes.extentreports.ExtentReports.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ExtentReports.java:78)&#xA;    at com.relevantcodes.extentreports.ExtentReports.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ExtentReports.java:195)&#xA;    at com.qtpselenium.core.ddf.util.ExtentManager.getInstance(ExtentManager.java:42)&#xA;at com.qtpselenium.core.ddf.testcases.DummyTestA.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(DummyTestA.java:19)&#xA;    ... 31 more&#xA;    Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapperBuilder&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)&#xA;    ... 37 more&#xA;&#xA;DummyTestA &#xA;&#xA;package com.qtpselenium.core.ddf.testcases;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Sleeper;&#xA;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import com.qtpselenium.core.ddf.base.BaseTest;&#xA;import com.qtpselenium.core.ddf.util.ExtentManager;&#xA;import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.ExtentReports;&#xA;import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.ExtentTest;&#xA;import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.LogStatus;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The class generating the error (DummyTestA)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DummyTestA extends BaseTest {&#xA;    /*--&amp;gt;Extent report related&#xA;     * public ExtentReports rep=ExtentManager.getInstance();&#xA;    public ExtentTest test;*/&#xA;    @Test(priority=1)&#xA;    public void testA1()  { &#xA;&#xA;         /*--&amp;gt;Extent report related&#xA;          * test=rep.startTest(&quot;DummyTestA&quot;);&#xA;        // --&amp;gt;Extent report related    test.log(LogStatus.INFO,&quot;Starting the test&quot;);*/&#xA;        openBrowser(&quot;firefox&quot;);&#xA;    //  test.log(LogStatus.INFO, &quot;Opened the Browser&quot;);&#xA;        navigate(prop.getProperty(&quot;appurl&quot;));&#xA;        //test.log(LogStatus.INFO, &quot;navigated to the URL&quot;);&#xA;        if(!verifyText(&quot;signintext_xpath&quot;, &quot;signinText&quot;)){&#xA;            /*IF we do not want the rest case to stop and want to execute the test case further we can use softAssert&#xA;             *After we declare the softassert we need to AssertAll in the @AfterMethod&#xA;             *softAssert.assertTrue(verifyText(&quot;signintext_xpath&quot;, &quot;signinText&quot;), &quot;Text did NOT Matched&quot;);&#xA;             */&#xA;            reportFailture(&quot;Text did NOT matched&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        if(!isElementPresent(&quot;email_xpath&quot;)){&#xA;            reportFailture(&quot;Email ID field is NOT present&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        type(&quot;email_xpath&quot;,&quot;EmailId&quot;);&#xA;        takeScreenShot();&#xA;&#xA;        click(&quot;button_xpath&quot;);&#xA;        //driver.quit();&#xA;        Assert.assertFalse(false);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(priority=2,dependsOnMethods={&quot;testA1&quot;})&#xA;    public void testA2(){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;testA2 method&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test(priority=3,dependsOnMethods={&quot;testA1&quot;,&quot;testA2&quot;})&#xA;    public void testA3(){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;TestA3 method&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    @AfterMethod&#xA;    public void quit(){&#xA;&#xA;    /*--&amp;gt;Extent report related&#xA;     * rep.endTest(test);&#xA;     * rep.flush();&#xA;     */&#xA;&#xA;        /*Below line of code is to assert All the softAsserions&#xA;        softAssert.assertAll();&#xA;         */&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24978" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T11:32:48.043" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T11:35:01.740" Title="Getting error while configuring extent reports in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17521" CreationDate="2017-04-02T11:34:07.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The truth is (most)people don't like reading long reports. All they want is an answer to a question. So be brief, focus on presenting the conclusions and implications of the data and not the actual data. What did you do, how did you do it, conclusions on the data gathered(i.e. the answer), risks, unanswered questions(more things that need answers that the project cares about), the most important errors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't give any details like project structure, who are you reporting to, do you have any helpers, can you yourself decide what is a good or bad value, and i think knowing these things might or might not help answer your question in a better way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14867" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T11:34:07.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26570" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-02T13:44:43.683" Score="0" ViewCount="1917" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my code in C# I press the delete button and open a pop up where I select the amount of deletions that I want to delete and press again on delete it will delete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it is more correct to ask how I do while this delete element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement (By.LinkText (&quot;Delete&quot;)). Click ();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as it appear true that it will perform the deletion steps and if it does not continue the test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Delete&quot;)).Click();&#xA;new SelectElement(PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;remove_shares&quot;))).SelectByText(&quot;1&quot;);&#xA;PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;(//button[@type='button'])[2]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to make a loop if the delete button appear, it will do all the steps of the deletion, and if it does not continue for the other test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried with this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var links =   PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Delete&quot;)).Click();&#xA;while (links = true)&#xA;{&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Delete&quot;)).Click();&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;remove_shares&quot;));&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;(//button[@type='button'])[2]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I get an error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error 1   Cannot assign void to an implicitly-typed local variable    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24316" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-04T05:31:39.237" LastActivityDate="2019-07-04T05:31:39.237" Title="C# Selenium WebDriver how do while loop on element" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26570" CreationDate="2017-04-02T14:34:20.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it helps to insert long waits in between actions. This can help you actually see what is going on in the browser, rather than having pages flash before your eyes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing to check is that the browser window is big enough. I've had problems with this specific error because the browser launched smaller than necessary for the element to be clickable (mine was hidden in a drop down!). Try launching in a maximised window if this might be the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24363" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T14:34:20.390" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5359" CreationDate="2017-04-02T17:11:13.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;David, Justin already tipped you about Hexawise but i wanted to add that there are other tools than hexawise that do pairwise combinations for you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;ALLPAIRS Test Case Generation Tool&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.satisfice.com/tools.shtml&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PICT by microsoft&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NIST by the US government&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are to my knowledge all free and modifiable by the user and there are a few others as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, i'd like to share some strengths and weaknesses of orthogonal arrays and why it is enough(in most cases) to only test all pairs and not triple(or more) combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;90%+ of bugs are caused by by pair combinations, it is very rare that triple combinations cause an error that would not appear in pair combination and if you do quadruple or quintuple combinations the likelihood falls even lower. The bigger the combination the less likely the bug is too happen. Also to test all triple(or more) combinations takes a long time and in 99% of the cases it is not worth spending the time to find a bug that most probably is going to turn out to be trivial. So in summary pairwise does not cover triple or more combinations but unless you're testing medical equipment or other critical software like space rocket flight computers it's not going to matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But orthagonal arrays will only get you part of the way. Since you were not aware of orthagonal arrays i'll assume you aren't aware of boundary value testing and equivalence partitioning techniques either. But for fields where you have a range of values that can be entered this will help you. I'm not going to go into details about these techniques as they are easy to understand quickly and you can just google it now that you know that they exist.Now remember these two techniques aren't foolproof and there are pitfalls with all techniques but they should definitely help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14867" LastActivityDate="2017-04-02T17:11:13.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26492" CreationDate="2017-04-02T19:44:14.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;can you try to add the adb.exe to your windows path variables and see if this helps so you can run adb devices, adb shell etc from any directory on windows. From a glimpse at your video I think what may be happening is there is an adb.exe inside your current command prompt directory but one existing in the path already (environment variable) in a different directory &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(C:Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can you try to look around your windows environment variables&#xA;-&gt; Start -&gt; Search &quot;Environment Variables&quot; -&gt; Edit the system variable for Path and include your platform-tools folder. in my instance this is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;C:\Users\simon\Desktop\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20130917\sdk\platform-tools\&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once done, can you close all command prompts, open a command prompt on your desktop and try &quot;adb devices&quot; again to see if this is still occuring then?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="28469" LastEditDate="2018-07-02T09:17:50.453" LastActivityDate="2018-07-02T09:17:50.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26533" CreationDate="2017-04-02T19:56:04.957" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When using &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/3.3/selenium-java-3.3.1.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;v&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;s&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;o&amp;#x332;n&amp;#x332; &amp;#x332;3&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;3&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;1&lt;/a&gt; of the Selenium Java Client Driver and &lt;a href=&quot;https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.28/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;C&amp;#x332;h&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;o&amp;#x332;m&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;D&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;v&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332; &amp;#x332;2&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;2&amp;#x332;8&lt;/a&gt;, the following works (where the number in single quotes represents the zoom level to use; 1 = 100%, 1.5 = 150%, etc.):&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;executor.executeScript(&quot;document.body.style.zoom = '1.5'&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;hr/&gt;&#xA;In addition, the zoom level in Firefox can be modified with the following:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;1. The aforementioned Java Client Driver&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/tag/v0.15.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;G&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;c&amp;#x332;k&amp;#x332;o&amp;#x332;D&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;v&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332; &amp;#x332;v&amp;#x332;0&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;1&amp;#x332;5&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;3. These classes:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;java.awt.Robot&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;java.awt.event.KeyEvent&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, instantiate the Robot class:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Robot robot = new Robot();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code causes the zoom level to &lt;em&gt;decrease&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_MINUS);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_MINUS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code causes the zoom level to &lt;em&gt;increase&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_EQUALS);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);&#xA;robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_EQUALS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24797" LastEditorUserId="24797" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T03:52:55.910" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T03:52:55.910" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26575" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26601" CreationDate="2017-04-03T00:02:52.377" Score="0" ViewCount="947" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently researching on behalf of a group that is manually carrying out UAT where they test the Tableau report against a day to day report (Excel based) within the business. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UAT is not passed unless data matches less than 1% to ensure all the business logic is captured in the day to day reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if there are tools or methods that will enable this process to be automated as currently, the manual process is a time burden. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24991" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T01:31:13.503" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T19:25:30.187" Title="Automation of UAT based off Tableau Report" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26576" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-03T04:03:59.003" Score="1" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was talking with my senior tester and he asked me a question I couldn't answer to his satisfaction&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When I am  testing, how do I recognize a problem?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I answered that when I am testing a product, I am testing all relevant factors. I check for console errors, I check the error log, pagination, breadcrumbs, any php errors, database errors, whether I can cause a sql injection attack. If anything seems bad then I report a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My senior tester asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you know when something &quot;seems bad&quot;? How do you tell the difference between good and bad?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I answered that when I am testing a product like customer experience, with a registration page, if I entered the details and click on submit button and I see that the name couldn't register yet, this is a bug and seems bad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My senior tester asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What makes that bad, though? Why is that not OK?&lt;/strong&gt;(Those probably sound like odd questions; that the answer is obvious. What's obvious, though?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I said that the  name is not registered and I got a php error so this is a bug.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You know it's a bug only because an error message appeared? What if an error message didn't appear? Would it still be a bug? How would you know?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I said that if an error message didn't appear, then I would check the users list, and if the username doesn't appear it should be a bug and then also I check to login with the particular user. If it couldn't get to login, then it should also a bug I also check the console error too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What makes it a bug?  How do you notice other bugs?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Incorrect results happens, some mistakes in design and coding. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you know they're mistakes? How do you know they're incorrect?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because its a functionality error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The programmer tells you how he believes it should work, and it doesn't work that way. So the product is inconsistent with a claim the programmer made. Problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand what my senior tester is looking for. He is asking me how I know something is a problem, but none of my answers are good enough. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;What are the standard ways of deciding if something is a problem?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T11:26:28.170" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T22:25:12.133" Title="How do I decide if something is a problem or not?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26469" CreationDate="2017-04-03T06:31:14.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In initial phase of manual testing you should focus on below mentioned areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Understanding the workflow of complete product&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create one liner test cases, as it will also help you in creating the documentation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Start testing the application and break the functionality into smaller pieces&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep including the one-liners as you go deep in the product testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incremental product iteration approach would be a perfect approach&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T06:31:14.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26578" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-03T07:35:10.763" Score="0" ViewCount="1227" Body="&lt;p&gt;We will have to benchmark our application by finding maximum number of concurrent and simultaneous users supporting. We have been using JMETER&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We did this,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created concurrent Thread group&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specified the concurrent user count as 100&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specified the Hold time as 5 mins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Executed the thread&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The execution triggers around 20k requests totally and kept 100 active threads at any given point of time. All the requests are successful and response time is within SLA. Beyond 100 the response time doesn't meet the SLA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q1: Are we doing correct? Is this correct way to find concurrent users count?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q2: We are doing the same test for simultaneous users, Only difference is that we execute multiple thread group simultaneously with think time. Is it right way to calculate simultaneous users?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7750" LastActivityDate="2020-01-03T14:01:00.087" Title="Calculate Concurrent and Simultaneous users" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26580" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-04-03T08:18:22.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Boundary value analysis is a software testing technique in which tests are designed to include representatives of boundary values in a range. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea comes from the boundary. Given that we have a set of test vectors to test the system, a topology can be defined on that set. Those inputs which belong to the same equivalence class as defined by the equivalence partitioning theory would constitute the basis. Given that the basis sets are neighbors, there would exist a boundary between them. The test vectors on either side of the boundary are called boundary values. In practice this would require that the test vectors can be ordered, and that the individual parameters follows some kind of order (either partial order or total order).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ISTQB gives difference between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests with three boundary values per boundary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests with two boundary values per boundary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two ways to approach BVA: two value or three value testing. With two value testing, the boundary value (on the boundary) and the value that is just over the boundary (by the smallest possible increment) are used. For three value boundary testing, the values before, on and over the boundary are used. The decision regarding whether to use two or three boundary values should be based on the risk associated with the item being tested, with the three boundary approach being used for the higher risk items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T08:51:28.760" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T08:51:28.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26581" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-04-03T08:18:22.710" Score="0" Body="Boundary value analysis is a software testing technique in which tests are designed to include representatives of boundary values in a range" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-04-03T09:25:22.133" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T09:25:22.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26578" CreationDate="2017-04-03T09:15:42.160" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the following approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure that JMeter virtual users represent real users as close as possible, to wit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request samplers are configured to &lt;strong&gt;download embedded resources&lt;/strong&gt; and use concurrent Thread Pool to download them - this will allow to fetch images, styles and scripts like browsers do. You can do it using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt; to represent the browser cache as real browsers download these images, scripts and styles only once, on subsequent requests they are being returned from disk cache&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to handle user sessions and deal with cookie-based authentication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#timers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Timers&lt;/a&gt; to represent &quot;think time&quot; as real users don't hammer the server non-stop, they need some time to &quot;think&quot; between operations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once done you can conduct so called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;load testing&lt;/a&gt; - put the system under &lt;strong&gt;anticipated&lt;/strong&gt; load, i.e. simulate as many users as you expect to see whether your system is capable of handling them providing reasonable response times and without errors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If point 2 is successful - start &lt;strong&gt;gradually&lt;/strong&gt; increasing the load until response time starts exceeding acceptable upper boundary or errors start occurring. Mind correlation between increasing load and increasing response time. This way you will know what is the maximum amount of users your system can support. Once you hit the bottleneck gradually decrease the load to see whether system recovers and starts operating normally or not. At this point it would be also good to identify the cause of increased response time, like high CPU usage or slow disk or slow DB queries, etc. so you could report the root cause of the performance bottleneck. This approach is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stress testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It would be also good to consider &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soak_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;soak testing&lt;/a&gt;: putting the system under anticipated load (or a little bit more) for a longer period of time - this way you will be able to see how does it behave under a sustained load and detect any &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_leak&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;memory leaks&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/why-%E2%80%98normal%E2%80%99-load-testing-isn%E2%80%99t-enough&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Why ‘Normal’ Load Testing Isn’t Enough&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember one point: there should be always 1-1 mapping of JMeter virtual user to system real user, for example re-using one login or running test without think times doesn't tell the full story, your test needs to be realistic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T09:15:42.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-03T09:20:33.653" Score="0" ViewCount="871" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unable to generate a loop that every &lt;code&gt;userid&lt;/code&gt; finishes the test passing to the next &lt;code&gt;userid&lt;/code&gt; via the Excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;        PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Sales Panel&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        ExcelLib.PopulateInCollection(@&quot;C:\Users\Numg\Desktop\da\Copy_of_webusers.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;        PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;web_user_user_id&quot;)).SendKeys(ExcelLib.ReadData(2, &quot;Id&quot;));             &#xA;        PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Ok&quot;)).Click();&#xA;        Thread.Sleep(5000);&#xA;    }&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;4&quot;)).Click();&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;    var option = PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;aggrupations_653_shares&quot;));&#xA;    var SelectElement = new SelectElement(option);&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;    SelectElement.SelectByValue(&quot;3&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#bet-group &amp;gt; #send &amp;gt; i.fa.fa-arrow-right&quot;)).Click();&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;code&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;testQA&quot;);&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#new_reduction &amp;gt; input[name=\&quot;commit\&quot;]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;    Thread.Sleep(4000);&#xA;    PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Clear&quot;)).Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the class for Excel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class ExcelLib&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;       private static DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string fileName)&#xA;   {&#xA;       //open file and returns as Stream&#xA;       FileStream stream = File.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);&#xA;       //Createopenxmlreader via ExcelReaderFactory&#xA;       IExcelDataReader excelReader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateOpenXmlReader(stream); //.xlsx&#xA;       //Set the First Row as Column Name&#xA;       excelReader.IsFirstRowAsColumnNames = true;&#xA;       //Return as DataSet&#xA;       DataSet result = excelReader.AsDataSet();&#xA;       //Get all the Tables&#xA;       DataTableCollection table = result.Tables;&#xA;       //Store it in DataTable&#xA;       DataTable resultTable = table[&quot;Sheet1&quot;];&#xA;&#xA;       //return&#xA;       return resultTable;&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA; static List&amp;lt;Datacollection&amp;gt; dataCol = new List&amp;lt;Datacollection&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;   public static void PopulateInCollection(string fileName)&#xA;   {&#xA;       DataTable table = ExcelToDataTable(fileName);&#xA;&#xA;       //Iterate through the rows and columns of the Table&#xA;       for (int row = 1; row &amp;lt;= table.Rows.Count; row++)&#xA;       {&#xA;           for (int col = 0; col &amp;lt; table.Columns.Count; col++)&#xA;           {&#xA;               Datacollection dtTable = new Datacollection()&#xA;               {&#xA;                   rowNumber = row,&#xA;                   colName = table.Columns[col].ColumnName,&#xA;                   colValue = table.Rows[row - 1][col].ToString()      &#xA;               };&#xA;               //Add all the details for each row&#xA;               dataCol.Add(dtTable);&#xA;           }&#xA;       }&#xA;   }&#xA;&#xA;   public static string ReadData(int rowNumber, string columnName)&#xA;   {&#xA;       try&#xA;       {&#xA;           //Retriving Data using LINQ to reduce much of iterations&#xA;           string data = (from colData in dataCol&#xA;                          where colData.colName == columnName &amp;amp;&amp;amp; colData.rowNumber == rowNumber&#xA;                          select colData.colValue).SingleOrDefault();&#xA;&#xA;           //var datas = dataCol.Where(x =&amp;gt; x.colName == columnName &amp;amp;&amp;amp; x.rowNumber == rowNumber).SingleOrDefault().colValue;&#xA;           return data.ToString();&#xA;       }&#xA;       catch (Exception e)&#xA;       {&#xA;           return null;&#xA;       }&#xA;   }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24316" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T16:16:59.500" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T16:16:59.500" Title="Selenium C# WebDriver +data driven while loop" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26543" CreationDate="2017-04-03T10:10:21.973" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just updated the default chrome driver which came with Appium.&#xA;Default chrome driver was at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;E:\Program Files&#xA;  (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\node_modules\appium-chromedriver\chromedriver\win&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As on the image, old Chrome driver which came with Appium is having only 4908 KB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the new one is having lot:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gjWK8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gjWK8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T14:52:43.133" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T14:52:43.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26586" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-03T10:34:25.910" Score="0" ViewCount="5879" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I want to login using cookies in selenium webdriver&#xA;I first logged in to site using test script 1 and then trying to login using stored cookies using test script 2&#xA;It is not working&#xA;Below is the code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;script 1)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     //save login credentials in cookies&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;D:\\selenium\\chromedriver\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);   &#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/login?ssrc=head&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxx@xxx.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxx&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;submit-button&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;    File f= new File (&quot;D:\\browser.txt&quot;);&#xA;        FileWriter fs= new FileWriter(f);&#xA;        BufferedWriter  bw= new BufferedWriter(fs);&#xA;&#xA;        Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; myCookies =driver.manage().getCookies();&#xA;        for(Cookie ck:myCookies)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            bw.write(ck.getName()+&quot;;&quot;+ck.getValue());&#xA;             bw.flush();&#xA;        }&#xA;        bw.close();&#xA;    } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Script 2) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    try {&#xA;&#xA;    File f= new File (&quot;D:\\browser.txt&quot;);&#xA;    FileReader fr= new FileReader(f);&#xA;&#xA;    BufferedReader  br= new BufferedReader(fr);&#xA;&#xA;    String sCurrentLine;&#xA;&#xA;    while (( sCurrentLine = br.readLine()) != null) &#xA;    {&#xA;        String[] strArr = sCurrentLine.split(&quot;;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            for (int i=0;i&amp;lt; strArr.length;)&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                System.out.println(i);&#xA;                //System.out.println(strArr[i]);&#xA;&#xA;                    String name= strArr[i];&#xA;                    //System.out.println(name);&#xA;                    String value= strArr[i++];&#xA;                    i++;&#xA;&#xA;                    Cookie ckNew = new Cookie(name, value);&#xA;&#xA;                    @SuppressWarnings(&quot;deprecation&quot;)&#xA;                    Cookie cookie = new Cookie.Builder(name,value)&#xA;                    .domain(&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&quot;)&#xA;                    .expiresOn(new Date(2017, 31,12))&#xA;                    .isHttpOnly(true)&#xA;                    .isSecure(true)&#xA;                    .build();&#xA;                    driver.manage().addCookie(ckNew);&#xA;                    //System.out.println(strArr.length);&#xA;                    //Set&amp;lt;Cookie&amp;gt; myCookies =driver.manage().getCookies();&#xA;                    //for(Cookie ck:myCookies)&#xA;                    //System.out.println(ck.getName()+&quot;;&quot;+ck.getValue());&#xA;            }       &#xA;    }           &#xA;    } catch (IOException e)&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/login?ssrc=head&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17891" LastEditorUserId="17891" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T08:58:26.913" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T13:48:40.013" Title="Unable to login using cookies ( selenium webdriver )" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5755" CreationDate="2017-04-03T10:37:57.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way we solved this was to have a Given step at the start of each of our features &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given I am using &amp;lt;browser&amp;gt;&#xA;And I am on the Homepage &#xA;And I click on the Logon Link&#xA;Then I am taken to the Logon Page &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Examples:&#xA;|browser|&#xA;|Chrome|&#xA;|Firefox|&#xA;|etc|&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I then have a Before and After Scenario which configures each of my Browsers and completes the cleanup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[BeforeScenario]&#xA;        public void ConfigureChrome()&#xA;        {&#xA;            var chromeDriver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;            // Configure here&#xA;            //ConfigureDriver(chromeDriver);&#xA;            chromeDriver.Manage().Window.Position = new System.Drawing.Point(2192, -963);&#xA;            chromeDriver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&#xA;&#xA;            var chromeDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(chromeDriver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));&#xA;&#xA;            ScenarioContext.Current[WebDriverType.Chrome.ToString()] = chromeDriver;&#xA;            ScenarioContext.Current[$&quot;{WebDriverType.Chrome.ToString()}-Wait&quot;] = chromeDriverWait;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [AfterScenario]&#xA;        public void CleanUpChrome()&#xA;        {&#xA;            var driver = (IWebDriver) ScenarioContext.Current[WebDriverType.Chrome.ToString()];&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            driver.Quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [BeforeScenario]&#xA;        public void ConfigureFirefox()&#xA;        {&#xA;            var firefoxDriver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;            // Configure here&#xA;            //ConfigureDriver(firefoxDriver);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            ScenarioContext.Current[WebDriverType.Firefox.ToString()] = firefoxDriver;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        [AfterScenario]&#xA;        public void CleanUpFirefox()&#xA;        {&#xA;            var driver = (IWebDriver)ScenarioContext.Current[WebDriverType.Firefox.ToString()];&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            driver.Quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then my Given Step is defined &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Given(@&quot;I am using (.*)&quot;)]&#xA;        public void GivenIAmUsingBrowser(&#xA;      string browser)&#xA;        {&#xA;            WebDriverType driverType;&#xA;&#xA;            if (!Enum.TryParse(browser, out driverType)) throw new InvalidOperationException(&quot;Invalid driver&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            ScenarioContext.Current.Add(&quot;driver&quot;, ScenarioContext.Current[browser.ToString()]);&#xA;            ScenarioContext.Current.Add(&quot;driverWait&quot;, ScenarioContext.Current[$&quot;{browser.ToString()}-Wait&quot;]);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this is not ideal and I am working on seeing if there are alternative ways of solving this issue it is a workaround that we have managed to get to work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25001" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T10:37:57.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26588" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-03T11:52:09.050" Score="2" ViewCount="1163" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using unit tests in VS to create my tests, and naturally I ran into the challenge that unit tests should not be dependant on the run order. However, since my tests are actually functional tests, the order is important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I thought ordered test would be the solution. However, I'm running into some problems which leads me to believe that an ordered test is not as easy to use as I thought.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of the tests themselves:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;master test class&quot;, which all others inherit from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestClass]&#xA;public class MyTest {&#xA;&#xA;    [TestInitialize]&#xA;        public void Init () {&#xA;        GCDriver.Initialize();&#xA;&#xA;        MyDropStartPage.GoTo();&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(MyDropStartPage.IsAt, &quot;Something went wrong. The browser didn't open start page.&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    [TestCleanup]&#xA;    public void Cleanup() {&#xA;        GCDriver.Close();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestClass]&#xA;public class Feature149304 : MyTest {&#xA;&#xA;    [TestMethod]&#xA;    public void Navigate_to_a_Locations_page () {&#xA;&#xA;    LeftMenu.Locations.Select();                                                         &#xA;        UITest(() =&amp;gt; {&#xA;            Assert.IsTrue(LocationsPage.IsAt, &quot;Something went wrong. The URL seems to be wrong.&quot;);                  // - and make sure we're really on the Locations page.&#xA;         });         &#xA;    } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just one test, and all it does is open the browser and navigate to a location. Run directly, it works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if I put this (and only this) into an ordered test, and try to run that, I get this error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Name:  feature_149304&#xA;Test FullName:  c:\users\149999frho\source\workspaces\qa\myautomation\mytests\regression test suite 1\feature 149304\feature_149304.orderedtest&#xA;Test Source:    c:\users\149999frho\source\workspaces\qa\myautomation\mytests\regression test suite 1\feature 149304\feature_149304.orderedtest :line -1&#xA;Test Outcome:   Failed&#xA;Test Duration:  0:00:00,0648434&#xA;&#xA;Result StackTrace:  &#xA;at OpenQA.Selenium.DriverService.FindDriverServiceExecutable(String     executableName, Uri downloadUrl)&#xA;at OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome.ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService()&#xA;at OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome.ChromeDriver..ctor(ChromeOptions options)&#xA;at OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome.ChromeDriver..ctor()&#xA;at MyAutomation.GCDriver.Initialize() in C:\Users\149999frho\Source\Workspaces\QA\MyAutomation\MyAutomation\Selenium\GCDriver.cs:line 17&#xA;at MyTests.MyTest.Init() in C:\Users\149999frho\Source\Workspaces\QA\MyAutomation\MyTests\Base\MyTest.cs:line 12&#xA;Result Message: Initialization method MyTests.Feature149304.Init threw exception. &#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.DriverServiceNotFoundException:     &#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.DriverServiceNotFoundException: &#xA;The chromedriver.exe file does not exist in the current directory or in a&#xA;directory on the PATH environment variable. The driver can be downloaded at&#xA;http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html..&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, not being completely stupid, I see that this error complains about the Selenium ChromeDriver not being found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how do I remedy this? Neither the &quot;master&quot; test class nor the other is using any Selenium references. The Selenium work is done by a class library, whose methods are called by the test classes (LeftMenu.Locations.Select(); etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What makes this not work when the test is run from an orderedtest, when it works perfectly otherwise?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The project folder structure:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Project:&lt;/strong&gt; MyAutomation (class library)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - Folder: Selenium&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - - Class: ChromeDriver&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - Folder: Pages&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - - Class: StartPage&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - - Class: LocationsPage&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - - ...&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;The ChromeDriver class is instantiated as a singleton, and all the different classes in the class library have methods which use an instance of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project&lt;/strong&gt;: MyTests (unit test project)&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - Folder: Base&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - - Unit test class: MyTest&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - Folder: TestSuite1&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - - Unit test class: FirstTest&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - - Unit test class: SecondTest&lt;br/&gt;&#xA; - - Ordered test: FirstAndSecondTests&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unit test project references the class library project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The MyTest unit test class has the Instantiate and TestCleanup functions, and it instantiates the ChromeDriver singleton in the class library project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other unit test classes (FirstTest, SecondTest ...) inherit from the MyTest unit test class, in addition to calling static methods in the StartPage and LocationsPage classes in the class library project, to do the actual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ordered test has FirstTest and SecondTest added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The directory structure on the disk:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Folder: C:\Users\149999frho\Source\Workspaces\QA\MyAutomation\MyTests\Regression Test Suite 1\Feature 149304&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Files:&#xA;Feature_149304.cs - this is the file with the individual unit tests&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Feature_149304.orderedtest - this is the ordered test, containing one of the unit tests in the above file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When logging the current working directory, when running the ordered test and the individual test respectively, I get this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Individual unit test:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;    Current dir: C:\Users\149999frho\Source\Workspaces\QA\MyAutomation\MyTests\bin\Debug&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ordered test (containing the above individual test):&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;    Current dir: C:\Users\149999frho\Source\Workspaces\QA\MyAutomation\TestResults\149999frho_149999FRHO 2017-04-03 20_20_11\Out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Clearly, the working directories are different. But how come, when both tests are in the same project, project folder and folder on the disk?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at the properties for the test classes, they're identical:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Users\149999frho\Source\Workspaces\QA\MyAutomation\MyTests\Regression Test Suite 1\Feature 149304\Feature_149304.orderedtest&#xA;C:\Users\149999frho\Source\Workspaces\QA\MyAutomation\MyTests\Regression Test Suite 1\Feature 149304\Feature_149304.cs&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23988" LastEditorUserId="23988" LastEditDate="2017-04-05T10:42:57.123" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T07:43:18.680" Title="Selenium in VS 2015/C#: Problems with ordered unit test" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26591" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-03T12:54:34.860" Score="1" ViewCount="587" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;D:\RhythmFileDownload&gt;java -jar fileDownload.jar&#xA;  Starting ChromeDriver 2.28.455520 (cc17746adff54984afff480136733114c6b&#xA;  port 36946&#xA;  Only local connections are allowed.&#xA;  Apr 03, 2017 6:14:23 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake c&#xA;  on&#xA;  INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true&#xA;  ote end&#xA;  Apr 03, 2017 6:14:23 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake c&#xA;  on&#xA;  INFO: Detected dialect: OSS&#xA;  Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;          at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;          at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;          at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Sou&#xA;          at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;          at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.jarinjarloader.JarRsrcLoader.main(&#xA;  der.java:58)&#xA;  Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchSessionException: no such session&#xA;    (Driver info: chromedriver=2.28.455520 (cc17746adff54984afff48013673&#xA;  4b),platform=Windows NT 6.1.7601 SP1 x86) (WARNING: The server did not&#xA;  ny stacktrace information)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-05-29T02:16:30.657" LastActivityDate="2021-04-13T09:06:05.600" Title="Exception generated after exporting code as runnable jar" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26556" CreationDate="2017-04-03T13:27:30.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: Yes, test automation means programming. If you want to be a good test automator you will need premium coding skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So if I switch to automation testing then do I have to code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, there are testing frameworks that do not need coding, but record and playback is currently still less maintainable than just plain handed-coded tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If yes then what level of coding will be required ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to be an expert test automator then you will need expert coding skills. Any test code should be the same high-level as any production code. It contains architecture. Also you might need to rewrite production code to make it testable. Some might disagree, but coding tests is not much different than regular coding in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I have been horrified by a lot of code some testers create for their test-automation. I have said and will repeat it here: &quot;Most test-automations people are the lesser coding gods. If they weren't they would be programmers instead.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Being a person with less interest in programming, should I go for&#xA;  automation testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably not. Unless you focus on creating test-frameworks that do not need coding, but the problem here is that you probably will need to code this first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T13:27:30.067" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26588" CreationDate="2017-04-03T13:37:41.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE to account for updates to the question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a function of the way Microsoft test suites work (there is more information available at &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182475.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182475.aspx&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the linked page, for your test suites to work, you will need to follow the instructions in that page to force the Chrome Driver to be moved to the working directory for your test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't want to manually copy, because each run creates a new time-stamped directory within &lt;code&gt;\TestResults\&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Original answer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your problem is that your &lt;em&gt;current working directory&lt;/em&gt; is not the same for your test suite as it is for your isolated test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your error message shows the test suite directory as &lt;code&gt;c:\users\149999frho\source\workspaces\qa\myautomation\mytests\regression test suite 1\feature 149304\&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test class directory is at &lt;code&gt;C:\Users\149999frho\Source\Workspaces\QA\MyAutomation\MyTests\Base\&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to resolve this is to use the Visual Studio IDE and flag the ChromeDriver executable as both part of the project, and set it to Always Copy Local. That will put it in the bin directory along with the compiled files, and make it available to your test code regardless of whether you are calling from individual tests or from a test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This problem has nothing to do with using ordered tests: it would have happened no matter what kind of test suite you used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T07:43:18.680" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T07:43:18.680" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26583" CreationDate="2017-04-03T14:02:32.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like you aren't using a framework (like TestNG, Microsoft unit tests, JUnit, etc.) that supports defining a data source as a class annotation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were, this would be easy - you'd have something like &lt;code&gt;data-source.currentRow[&quot;columnName&quot;].value()&lt;/code&gt; and the framework would automatically handle your assertions and moving from row to row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the setup you're using you'd use a foreach structure to access each record in your list:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;foreach Datacollection rowdata in dataCol do&#xA;{&#xA;    string userid = rowdata.colValue;&#xA;    // everything you intend to do with that userid&#xA;    // Your test assertions&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is pretty basic C# programming - &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; will iterate through your static list automatically, but will register to any test harness as &lt;em&gt;one test&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T14:02:32.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26595" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26671" CreationDate="2017-04-03T15:19:33.540" Score="0" ViewCount="10779" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below mentioned two urls:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.espn.com/nhl/boxscore/_/gameId/400896617&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.espn.com/nhl/boxscore/_/gameId/400896617&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.espn.com/nhl/boxscore/_/gameId/400885545&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.espn.com/nhl/boxscore/_/gameId/400885545&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get XPath after player summary content. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1st url is XPath div is 4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2nd url is XPath div is 5&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried this expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='my-players-table']//div[@class='mod-header']/following::h4&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but am not able to find the &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24563" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T18:44:37.503" LastActivityDate="2019-10-11T12:44:28.097" Title="How to get XPath from different div?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25232" CreationDate="2017-04-03T15:28:02.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is possible to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36455533/c-sharp-selenium-access-browser-log&quot;&gt;read the logs with Selenium in C#&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;logs = driver.Manage().Logs.getLog(LogType.Browser)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still I am not sure I would parse them, except maybe looking they are empty.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test behavior not the implementation, the implementation will probably change more often then the behavior. You do not want to change tests when the implementation changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T15:28:02.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26576" CreationDate="2017-04-03T16:17:17.253" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thats why you need proper test cases.&#xA;Only way you can tell a functionally is wrong or right by referring to your test cases .&#xA;Test cases are written based on the spec or SRS.&#xA;So again you need to focus on user requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T16:17:17.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26591" CreationDate="2017-04-03T16:39:40.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had similar issue with IE driver. I was able to resolve it by downloading the latest driver and updating the browser to the latest version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try after updatig your chrome browser and downloading the latest chromedriver. Also, make sure that you downlod the chrome driver according to your machine i.e. 64 bit/ 32 bit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T16:39:40.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26595" CreationDate="2017-04-03T17:43:50.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you want to specify a number of div put the [#] after the xpath for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='my-players-table']//div[@class='mod-header'][4]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not exactly sure what you are after though as it looks like those are all hyperlinks with specific names in there based on the pages that you linked in.  Please be very specific and include the html in question for what you are trying to do in order to get a more specific answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit based on clarification&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;So this gets a little tricky, but the best way to find it consistently is relationally.  This is complex and I haven't had time to fully try it out to ensure the syntax is 100% but this is the theory, if I have time to test it out and tweak I will, but I wanted to give you something to work on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;(following-sibling::..//h4[@text()='Player Summary'])//table[@class='mod-data']::node()&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The concept here is finding the player summary part that you know is solid and then finding the parent div for that and navigating to the sibling div following the parent and then searching for the table with all the data and pulling out all the nodes that fall under the table structure.  You should then be able to cast it to a form that you can parse and loop through to print all the specifics you need out.  Play with that and let me know if you get it to work, if not I'll have to find time to execute myself and get the syntax 100%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T14:47:20.567" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T14:47:20.567" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26575" CreationDate="2017-04-03T18:20:23.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few paid tools that do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.florencesoft.com/compare-excel-workbooks-differences.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.florencesoft.com/compare-excel-workbooks-differences.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.suntrap-systems.com/ExcelDiff/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.suntrap-systems.com/ExcelDiff/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.formulasoft.com/excel-compare.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.formulasoft.com/excel-compare.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a versioned excel document:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Compare-two-versions-of-a-workbook-by-using-Spreadsheet-Compare-0E1627FD-CE14-4C33-9AB1-8EA82C6A5A7E&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Compare-two-versions-of-a-workbook-by-using-Spreadsheet-Compare-0E1627FD-CE14-4C33-9AB1-8EA82C6A5A7E&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The free version that is a plugin to excel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/spreadshcompare/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sourceforge.net/projects/spreadshcompare/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The manual way to manipulate excel and ease comparison through formulas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wikihow.com/Compare-Data-in-Excel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.wikihow.com/Compare-Data-in-Excel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck and I hope one of these methods works for you and your users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T18:20:23.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26602" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26606" CreationDate="2017-04-03T18:54:14.743" Score="1" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing up some postman tests for a REST API:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;api/controller/getPerson?person=personID&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm curious as to what types of things would come in your head for testing this? the call itself requires one paramater which is an int.  So far I've added&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valid person, each key pair in the JSON response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response codes/Response times are accurate &amp;amp; respectable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Negative ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ID greater than max int&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Symbols ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;String ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empty ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ID 0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Double/decimal ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response is returned in JSON&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking to make a good quality set of tests to cover as much as possible and learn a thing or two at the same time, so what comes to mind for you when faced with a basic call like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example Response would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   {&#xA;  &quot;Balance&quot;: -1,&#xA;  &quot;RoomNumber&quot;: &quot;900&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;DateOfBirth&quot;: 504939600000,&#xA;  &quot;Deleted&quot;: false,&#xA;  &quot;Forename&quot;: &quot;Simon&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;PersonNumber&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;Address&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;LanguageID&quot;: 2,&#xA;  &quot;Password&quot;: &quot;pa$$&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;PeopleID&quot;: 60000,&#xA;  &quot;Surname&quot;: &quot;API&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;Balance2&quot;: -1&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T21:44:27.537" Title="What type of tests would you run on this http GET request?" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26595" CreationDate="2017-04-03T18:56:47.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I understand, you are trying to get the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h4&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag that points to &quot;Game Information&quot; text. If so, you can write a &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; like shown below :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//h4[text()='Game Information']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are searching for any other element, please let me know and I'll be able to help you out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastEditorUserId="18250" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T19:15:55.310" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T19:15:55.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26576" CreationDate="2017-04-03T18:58:41.753" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general we (software testers &amp;amp; engineers) use &lt;strong&gt;Oracles&lt;/strong&gt; to recognize problems in software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An &lt;strong&gt;Oracle&lt;/strong&gt; is a way to determine whether the program passed or failed a particular test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Oracles can be reference programs, documents, requirements, heuristics, or other inputs of information: &lt;em&gt;all of which are fallible to some degree&lt;/em&gt;. This means all Oracles are only partial (they don't tell us the whole truth, just part of it) and are incomplete. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since our Oracles are incomplete that means testing also requires us to use our own &lt;strong&gt;judgment&lt;/strong&gt; about what we think is correct or appropriate behavior for a program.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I don't understand what my senior tester is looking for. He is asking me how I know something is a problem, but none of my answers are good enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used this exercise before and when I do I'm trying to understand how much the tester(s) understand about the challenges involved in the work you are doing. Understanding how we recognize potential problems leads us into how we design tests to reveal those and other similar problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This foundational aspect of software testing is called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://kaner.com/?p=190&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Oracle Problem&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few other references:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testingeducation.org/BBST/foundations/BBSTFoundationsNov2010.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BBST Foundation Lecture Slides&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_(software_testing)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_(software_testing)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T18:58:41.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26488" CreationDate="2017-04-03T21:14:59.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What kind of automated testing are you doing?  Depending on the answer, there may be products that can do this for you (not sure if that's an option, or if you need it all in house).  For instance &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/platforms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt; looks to have everything from Windows 10 down to XP, with multiple versions of the major browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15070" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T21:14:59.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26602" CreationDate="2017-04-03T21:44:27.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like you've got some of the input checks.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You mention Postman, so I'm guessing no DB access? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The API returns the plaintext password?  That seems bonkers &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;beyond the input checks you've listed, I might try an ID I know that exists vs. an ID I know doesn't exist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some response checks beyond just a JSON validation would make sense&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is the DateOfBirth reasonable?  Looks like a linux epoch time in ms?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are the LanguageID values valid?  Guessing that's an ENUM on the server/DB side, so you should be able to figure out what valid values are.  Same thing with the RoomNumber.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unclear if Balance and Balance2 should be linked or can be cross-checked?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that Deleted is a boolean&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do have DB access, cross checking the API results vs. a SQL query would make a lot of sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T21:44:27.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26576" CreationDate="2017-04-03T21:57:27.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Short answer: The client/PO/user (whatever name you want to give to the person/people who says what should be built).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers have (primarily) the responsibility to give knowledge about a product to all involved in the project. This knowledge includes functional behaviour (and if it deviates from previously defined spectations - specs, e.g.) or processual. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not rarely, the spectations were not complete or we have realize that they were not the best approach. Testers can bring these problems to the client, but he is the one responsable to determine what to do with this new information (or he can delegate this decision to any member of the team, if he sees it as a better approach). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T21:57:27.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26576" CreationDate="2017-04-03T22:03:48.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;What is a software problem?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;A software problem is an issue that affects your company&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How do you know about software problems?&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the heart of the question and the list of how you know about problems is long and includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Bad Things:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is an error displayed on the page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Users are complaining&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Revenue is dropping&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entering invalid or missing data breaks the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New user sign-up is dropping&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are syntax or grammer errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Affected data is incorrect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logs are recording errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functions don't match requirements or documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The item can be seen to have not been added / updated / deleted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The user cannot perform the expected actions after it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The display and layout is hard to use on the device being used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The process is too slow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit, Integrated or Feature tests are failing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The database is not correct after the operation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different devices / browsers / versions have issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience with subtle usability and accessibility issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge of regulatory requirements such as Section 508 Accessibility and Sarbanes–Oxley&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also: understanding the company's goals and missions and what it values as quality and what categories of items it consider to be bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer perhaps to 'how do you know to look at those things in the first place' is also that when you test a system you follow some fairly paths to find issues such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You focus on the sad path and assume the developer got the happy path working for them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you add an item, you try editing it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You looks and carefully read all the screens and messages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You enter invalid data and missing data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You try different scenarios and personas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You use boundary data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You use different devices, browsers and versions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-04-03T22:25:12.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26610" CreationDate="2017-04-03T23:08:07.940" Score="7" ViewCount="667" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're looking to promote one of our customer service agents into a testing role. Right now they roughly go through our deploys in a staging environment prior to it going live. They've requested more formal training in QA testing, and I am looking for ways to get them started on this journey. One question I saw (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14371/training-a-non-qa-employee-to-do-qa&quot;&gt;Training a non-QA employee to do QA&lt;/a&gt;) helped a bit, but some of the answers seem out of date. At least one is broken. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25011" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:41:46.233" LastActivityDate="2017-04-22T00:20:23.860" Title="How do I train a new manual tester?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26609" CreationDate="2017-04-03T23:13:29.923" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have them learn about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit vs. Integrated vs. User Acceptance vs Performance testing*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary Value Testing - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Testing - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability and Accessibility* - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/usable&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/usable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This site and questions like &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/485/8992&quot;&gt;How do you prepare yourself for a testing position?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Happy, Sad, Optional path testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing different devices, browsers and versions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to file a good bug report - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/1920/8992&quot;&gt;Best guidelines for bug reporting?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to capture both screenshots and videos on all devices being tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What the company considers to be its key quality metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The four quadrants of Agile testing - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/3569/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/3569/8992&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Testing Pyramid - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/23392/8992&quot;&gt;Implementing the Test Pyramid as QA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've done my best to provide links which should be stable for years / decades as they are wikipedia, w3.org, stack exchange, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that once they have learned all the above they are exceedingly valuable.  You may need to pay them much more and hire additional testers for all the needs they will realize are in their domain - which is also yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* Warning - massive topics, be selective in what you apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T00:18:22.903" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20843" CreationDate="2017-04-04T02:24:29.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a TDD/BDD approach we should write the unit test case first and then write the development code which will pass the test. That's becoming a standard in the world of devops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the important part here is the code coverage and the functionality developed. Now as a developer you should ensure that the unit tests give 100% code coverage. Use tools like Sonar or EclEmma to get the code coverage. That would definitely reduce your defects if the unit tests are written correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem that I've seen here is developers do not write the whole spectrum of tests possible. If there are 10 possible unit tests for  a certain requirement and the developer has written only 5. Then it's a miss from his side. For example, if the requirement is 'Given I'm an admin, I should be able to login to the application'. The tests could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If correct username password the user logs in and displays a success message.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorrect password the user could not login and displays an error message.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if the developer writes the test for only successful login. Then the unit tests would pass. Code coverage would be 100%. But there's a missing functionality. What about the incorrect password scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a QA is definitely required along with unit tests, code coverage tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T02:24:29.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26627" CreationDate="2017-04-04T08:38:12.317" Score="0" ViewCount="920" Body="&lt;p&gt;My current code always do the findElements (see code below), and I only pass a parameter for the index. The problem on this is that it takes really long time during execution, since it re-scans the page to find all links (again and again).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My goal is to store all the links, but I only invoke findElements once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also to add, for every link, I click it so I will be redirected to other page and I just return back to first page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm having a problem on this code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elementList;&#xA;&#xA;elementList = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;elementList.get(0).click(); // redirects to other page&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(defaultURL);&#xA;&#xA;elementList.get(1).click(); // staleElementException&#xA;&#xA;elementList.get(2).click(); // staleElementException&#xA;elementList.get(3).click(); // staleElementException&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and so on..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any input on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25015" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-04T09:10:50.507" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T18:44:47.833" Title="How to handle StaleElementException when I only need to findAllElements one time" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26615" CreationDate="2017-04-04T09:16:09.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do something like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void navigateToEachPage()&#xA;{&#xA;    //Finding all the elements&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; links = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));;&#xA;    System.out.println(links.size());&#xA;&#xA;    //Creating String array&#xA;    String[] linksText = new String [links.size()];&#xA;    int i=0;&#xA;&#xA;    //Storing List elements text into String array&#xA;    for(WebElement a: links)&#xA;    {&#xA;        linksText[i]=a.getText();&#xA;        i++;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    //Navigating to Each Page and returning to back&#xA;    for(int j=0;j&amp;lt;linksText.length;j++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        By linkTextLocator = By.linkText(linksText[j]);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Clicking on this link:: &quot;+driver.findElement(linkTextLocator).getText();&#xA;        driver.findElement((linkTextLocator)).click();&#xA;        driver.navigate().back();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Updating as per @c32hedge's comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;StaleElementReferenceException&lt;/code&gt;  is occured when we find an element, the DOM gets modified then we reference the &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A classic example if this might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; listOfAnchors = driver.findElements(By.tag(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;for(WebElement anchor : listOfAnchors) {&#xA;    anchor.click();&#xA;    System.out.println(driver.getTitle());&#xA;    driver.navigate.back();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code will get all the anchor elements (say 5) into a list. The list now has 5 &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; references. We get the first reference and click it. This take us to a new page. We perform some actions on new page and then we use back() to go back to the original page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The DOM looks just like the previous DOM but it is a different DOM. So now all the references in the list become stale. On the second iteration, it gets the second reference and clicks it. This will throw a &lt;code&gt;StaleElementReferenceException&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For future reference please &lt;a href=&quot;http://darrellgrainger.blogspot.in/2016/08/the-difference-between.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read&lt;/a&gt; the following article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T04:11:37.407" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T04:11:37.407" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26618" CreationDate="2017-04-04T11:04:20.817" Score="0" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are going to purchase AWS linux box to setup jmeter and do load testing from this server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We will be sending 20k to 50k requests in minimum minutes so to achieve this what kind of configuration we require. i,e Ram, bandwidth, hard disk etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember one thing , this is server from where we will be sending requests via jmeter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9369" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T14:15:15.920" Title="What AWS linux configuration require for load testing of 20k-50k users" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26617" CreationDate="2017-04-04T12:04:48.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is only one way to find out. Test it. It is test-steps depended, not just the number of requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setup a single instance on Amazon, do a load test and ramp-up requests until you hit the limit of the single box. Let's take a guess and say 1000k requests per second per box. (Do measure this)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Divide the 20-50k by the max number of requests = total machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: 50.000 \ 1.000 = 50 machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think you can do this from a single instance. I would probably buy lots of small instances and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cluster them&lt;/a&gt;. Linux technically accepts 64k connections on a single machine, but io and memory will probably be the bottle-neck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should be relative easy to measure how a machine behaves while running your tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Measure CPU&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IO&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RAM usage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And multiply by the number of wanted requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-04-04T14:15:15.920" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T14:15:15.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26586" CreationDate="2017-04-04T12:06:38.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In general handling of cookies is not required for functional testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium will run each script in new private window. So the cookies are limited to that script or browser window. Once the session is closed then it is not possible to use cookies for next session&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cookies will be used if you are navigating to different pages from same browser window. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So perform all operations in one script then no need to handle cookies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18888" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T12:06:38.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26399" CreationDate="2017-04-04T14:38:13.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an explanation for the term you are looking for. Though I believe that the adliteram term you are after does not exist, but it refers to the different approaches to &lt;strong&gt;load patterns&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;step&lt;/strong&gt; load pattern is used to specify a user load that increases with time up to a defined maximum user load. For stepping loads, you specify the Initial User Count, Maximum User Count, Step Duration (seconds), and Step User Count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example a &lt;strong&gt;Step load&lt;/strong&gt; with an Initial User count of one, &lt;strong&gt;Maximum User Count of 100&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Step Duration&lt;/strong&gt; (seconds) of 10, and a Step User Count of 1 creates a user load pattern that starts at 1, increases by 1 every 10 seconds until it reaches 100 Users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T14:38:13.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26556" CreationDate="2017-04-04T20:31:13.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The questions posted have been answered. I would like to add my perspective because I have tested software since 2002, and I don't have programming skills. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've worked to garner respect and trust from each developer and manager I've worked with by finding high value defects that if found in the field would be expensive to fix, and smear the product's and the company's name. My goal has always been to make my manager and my team shine. A &quot;can do&quot; attitude, remaining open to learning, staying flexible and concise but thorough communication are highly valued - anyone can own these. Over time, a top notch detective hat will naturally evolve because of a tester's inquisitive nature. It will get to the point that you have debugged a fair amount prior to the developer seeing the bug for the first time. I'd far rather have a person I've described here on my team, than an automation developer who knows 30 languages and can code in his or her sleep but possesses none or few of these traits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if the original poster (Rita) could see herself writing these words. If the answer is yes, then forge ahead and create your career in software testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question remains: Do I think knowing how to code would enhance my career? Yes, I know it would. Do I plan on learning to code? Maybe, but it is not a priority at this time for me. That could always change. Fortunately, I'm a fast study.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2017-04-04T20:31:13.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26626" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-04T22:05:41.217" Score="4" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overview&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I'm trying to solve is - I have some canceled orders in my database that I need to call a government WebService to disable the fiscal numbers associated with these orders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The specific problem is&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm creating a class to create the XML request that should be sent to the government. It has a method that received an order as argument and should return the XML that will be sent to the government.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process of creating the XML has three steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create the basic XML with some fixed info and some info from the order&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sign this XML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Envelop this XML in a SOAP request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The method I want to test is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class RequestBuilder&#xA;{&#xA;    public RequestBuilder(DisablerParameters disablerParameters, XmlSigner xmlSigner, XmlEnveloper xmlEnveloper)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.disablerParameters = disablerParameters;&#xA;        this.xmlSigner = xmlSigner;&#xA;        this.xmlEnveloper = xmlEnveloper&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public string BuildXml(Order order)&#xA;    {&#xA;        string xml = &quot;&amp;lt;inutNFe&amp;gt;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        int year = order.getYear();&#xA;        int orderId = order.getId();&#xA;&#xA;        xml += this.disablerParameters.fillParameters(year, orderId);&#xA;&#xA;        xml += &quot;&amp;lt;inutNFe&amp;gt;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        string signed_xml = this.xmlSigner.sign(xml);&#xA;&#xA;        string enveloped_xml = this.xmlEnveloper.envelop(signed_xml);&#xA;&#xA;        return enveloped_xml;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;DisablerParameters&lt;/code&gt; class has the fixed values and a method that received the order dependent data and return a XML with the fixed and order dependent values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My problem is&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way I think it would be correct to test this method would be a supply an order and I check if the returned XML is valid. But in order for this to work I would have to provide valid implementations of the dependencies and this would be more like an integration test than a unit test. If I supply mocks and test if the mock methods were called I think I would be testing the implementation not the behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25030" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-04T05:31:36.430" LastActivityDate="2019-07-04T05:31:36.430" Title="Correct aproach to test this method" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26615" CreationDate="2017-04-05T03:28:38.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this specific problem, I did findElements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since my initial problem on this is to get all the elements and avoid staleElement exceptions, I just converted it to a &lt;code&gt;String&lt;/code&gt;. It goes like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elementList;&#xA;&#xA;private List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; elementXpathList;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I created a loop, so that for every &lt;code&gt;elementList&lt;/code&gt;, I immediately convert it to its XPath by using JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Loop for elementList here {&#xA;  elementXpathList.add(elementList.get(index));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Result will be added to &lt;code&gt;elementXpathList&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25015" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T18:44:47.833" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T18:44:47.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26628" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-05T06:59:52.560" Score="1" ViewCount="934" Body="&lt;p&gt;My requirement is to hit a server request with 1000 concurrent users. When I did a sample load run with 100 concurrent threads(All threads start at the same moment), I observed that the &quot;load time&quot; is linearly increasing from the first sample to 100th sample. When I sniffed JMeter traffic using Fiddler, the load times are varying for most of the samples.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This variation is rising with the number of concurrent threads. For the 100 threads criteria, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The difference between the maximum response times in both tools is 1.654 seconds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The difference between the minimum response times in both tools is 612 milliseconds.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JMeter is always showing higher response times. Sometimes the difference is reaching 5+ seconds.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm unable to pinpoint the reason behind this. Is it the fault of Fiddler or Jmeter? Difference of milliseconds is acceptable, but for many of the requests, it is multiple seconds when I increase threads above 200.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is how my test plan looks:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oXrlu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oXrlu.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test Plan&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I did:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used &quot;Synchronizing Timer&quot; with 100 users and 0 milliseconds for timeout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Used Cookie manager and Cache manager&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did not add any listener&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performed load test from Non-GUI mode with below command:&#xA;jmeter -n -t C:\Users\Test0304.jmx -l C:\Users\Test0304_Log_21.jtl -H 127.0.0.1 -P 8888&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Captured Jmeter traffic from Fiddler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set JVM heap size to 6 GB (System RAM is 8 GB)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No assertions, no graphs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional Info:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jmeter version: 3.1 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fiddler Version: 4.6.1.5&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find below screenshots for reference of differences:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wDqS4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wDqS4.png&quot; alt=&quot;Fiddler Screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Glyjr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Glyjr.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16007" LastEditorUserId="40949" LastEditDate="2020-01-08T23:39:27.097" LastActivityDate="2020-01-08T23:39:27.097" Title="Fiddler and JMeter response times are varying by considerable margin" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26628" CreationDate="2017-04-05T08:50:53.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is normal in my experience, Have tried to run same script twice in Jmeter?? In that case results will be different too even though you run the script in same tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T08:50:53.017" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26632" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-05T09:51:19.243" Score="2" ViewCount="1848" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have few existing scripts in LoadRunner. Is there a way to convert those scripts to JMeter scripts(JMX files), which requires a little to no amount of re-work(correlation, parameterization, etc)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is not that straight-forward, could you please suggest the optimal way for shifting to Jmeter from LoadRunner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16007" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T04:32:03.467" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T03:35:12.830" Title="How to convert LoadRunner scripts to JMeter compatible scripts with least re-work effort?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26632" CreationDate="2017-04-05T10:39:19.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The fastest and the easiest way is just recording them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure VuGen to use JMeter as a proxy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XUcnU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XUcnU.png&quot; alt=&quot;LoadRunner JMeter Proxy&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your test with 1 virtual user and 1 iteration. While your test is running JMeter will create the relevant &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; samplers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When execution is finished you will have JMeter script &quot;skeleton&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-convert-loadrunner-tests-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Convert LoadRunner Tests to JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for detailed explanation of above steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T10:39:19.577" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26635" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-05T13:27:05.123" Score="0" ViewCount="323" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this select with months and years, I need to sear every month of 2016 one by one and click the &quot;query&quot; button wait load the data on the page and pick up some data, then move on to the next month and repeat the process continuously, Until the end of 2016.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought about doing this using a &lt;code&gt;list&lt;/code&gt; and an &lt;code&gt;arraylist&lt;/code&gt;, but I would have performance issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you suggest in this case,&lt;code&gt;An Iterator &amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I select the months and year 2016 one by one?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; meses = driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;sel_Mes&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; itr = meses.iterator();&#xA;while(itr.hasNext()) {&#xA;    System.out.println(itr.next().getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; mes = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Janeiro&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Fevereiro&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Março&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Abril&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Maio&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Junho&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Julho&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Agosto&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Setembro&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Outubro&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Novembro&quot;);&#xA;mes.add(&quot;Dezembro&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; ano = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;ano.add(&quot;2016&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y6tV9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y6tV9.png&quot; alt=&quot;DATE&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17073" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T04:31:59.413" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:31:59.413" Title="Iteration between month and year. Selenium + Java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26635" CreationDate="2017-04-05T16:01:32.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would create a loop that selects the month field by index, then select any additional data points, increment the index and go back to the beginning of the loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T16:01:32.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26609" CreationDate="2017-04-05T19:19:40.110" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;ISTQB Foundation level should be enough to start &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.astqb.org/get-certified/istqb-syllabi-the-istqb-software-tester-certification-body-of-knowledge/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.astqb.org/get-certified/istqb-syllabi-the-istqb-software-tester-certification-body-of-knowledge/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As soon as people learn basis Advanced level can be taken. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Syllabuses about 70-100 pages, easy to read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24748" LastActivityDate="2017-04-05T19:19:40.110" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26642" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-06T05:18:54.037" Score="0" ViewCount="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like in first run time was around 20 secs and after re execution response time value slashed to around 2 secs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25053" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T13:38:29.760" Title="When a same performance script is re executed using performance testing tool then why response time change by noticeable amount ?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-04-07T18:49:15.947" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26023" CreationDate="2017-04-06T09:56:39.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's not a difficult problem, as long as you have an OLEDB or ADO.net connector to both your database and Cassandra, then you can write queries on both your source (mySQL) and your target (Cassandra using e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pgoledb.com/index.php/purchase/pgnprcs-detail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Intellisoft's Oledb provider&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can pull data into a database technology of your choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you will need to use either &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a data comparison tool (like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.red-gate.com/products/sql-development/sql-data-compare/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Redgate Data Compare&lt;/a&gt;) or,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write your own using a customer written data comparison. Personally, I have created hashes of the keys and data for very comparison then compared the hashes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I do not work for, or am connected with Intellisoft or Redgate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T09:56:39.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26646" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-06T10:09:52.777" Score="0" ViewCount="594" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a testNG.xml file having the code as mentioned below.This file is calling 2 other test suite files- Suite1 and Suite2. But I want to add some test cases to this file as well. Can  I do this and if yes then how?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;&#xA; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;firefox&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;listener class-name=&quot;org.uncommons.reportng.HTMLReporter&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;listener class-name=&quot;org.uncommons.reportng.JUnitXMLReporter&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;./Suite1.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;./Suite2.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T14:06:08.800" Title="How to add the test cases to a test-suite file that calls other test suites in TestNG?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26648" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-06T10:49:50.660" Score="4" ViewCount="1698" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to do automatic testing of installation of our product on RHEL, Ubuntu and recent Windows. The installer is command-line driven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check OS version,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;download according installer,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;install missing dependencies,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;generate report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first idea was using Expect. Then I did some searching and found that there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://rexpect.rubyforge.org/api/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RExpect&lt;/a&gt; (I am more familiar with Ruby than with Tcl). I also found that there is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/aruba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aruba&lt;/a&gt; in Cucumber for command line testing, though I don’t know how to e.g. check for an OS version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would really appreciate recommendation on how to proceed and/or which tool is more suitable for this task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25059" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T07:41:27.227" Title="Right tool for automation of installation testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1212" CreationDate="2017-04-06T10:54:01.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general principle, testing is about risk/reward, which comes down to cost in terms of money/time/resources (people/machines) in various combinations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test coverage curve will be some sort of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_logarithm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;log curve&lt;/a&gt; , where the most benefit in testing occurs in the initial set of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q6aUA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/q6aUA.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test Coverage&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first 500 tests give 62% coverage, the next 500 tests only give an extra 7% coverage, the next 500 tests give an extra 3% coverage, etc. Obviously, this is a case of diminishing returns, where one could execute an infinite number of tests and not really gain any better confidence in the system correctness. My numbers are arbitrary to illustrate the point. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have mentioned some testing that I would call Unit testing, but I think you are jumping past testing steps that will give you improved correctness of the database. See this excellent SE answer on &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/48237/what-is-an-integration-test-exactly/48265#48265&quot;&gt;types of testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will pick up some problems that you haven't realised exist until UAT. It sounds like there should be more extensive Acceptance Testing (by IT) but it also sounds like the scope of UAT isn't broad enough, if there are errors that are still being found in the UAT. The business analysis hasn't does a good enough job of finding the edge cases or understanding the data conflicts. This really should have been understood in the design phase (depending on the implementation methodology you are using and how much refactoring you plan to do; but that is another discussion).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:45:56.507" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T10:54:01.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-06T11:59:02.867" Score="4" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are implementing a testing framework, covering areas like mentioned in &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/48237/what-is-an-integration-test-exactly/48265#48265&quot;&gt;this SE article&lt;/a&gt;. But in addition, as part of unit testing (probably), we want to perform &lt;strong&gt;data contract testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The database is in SQL Server and the schema is managed through Visual Studio git code repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is &lt;strong&gt;are there best practices for data contract management&lt;/strong&gt; that cover:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;where the data contract meta-data is stored&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how is the data contract meta-data accessed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to execute our data contract tests automatically, the management of the meta-data needs to be in an electronic form that is programmatically accessible - e.g. a SQL table. Also, we want to be able to include the information into word documents or PDFs becoming part of the system documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T12:45:56.507" LastActivityDate="2018-12-01T09:01:05.207" Title="What is best practise for Data Contract management?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26615" CreationDate="2017-04-06T12:39:46.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to retrieve element List every time after one action is performed, indexes you are using will be same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elementList = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;elementList.get(0).click(); // redirects to other page&#xA;driver.get(defaultURL);&#xA;elementList = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;elementList.get(1).click(); // staleElementException&#xA;elementList = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as this looks weird you can loop this using counter for elementList.size()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then it will be something like this:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;inside loop:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;elementList.get(i).click(); // redirects to other page&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(defaultURL);&#xA;&#xA;elementList = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25023" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-06T13:17:45.670" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T13:17:45.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26648" CreationDate="2017-04-06T12:55:49.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If something is done as the command line and I want to automate it I usually use a bash shell script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T12:55:49.750" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26642" CreationDate="2017-04-06T13:38:29.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;General thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instability in performance tests can be caused both by the system environment or environment where the test tool is run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the usage of the system is stable, probably you would have to checkout the execution environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beside that, you could have found a outlier. You should consider doing a more precise &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb924371.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;statistical analysis&lt;/a&gt;, creating a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mathsisfun.com/data/standard-normal-distribution.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;normal distribution curve&lt;/a&gt;, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T13:38:29.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26626" CreationDate="2017-04-06T13:51:27.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The purpose of unit testing &lt;strong&gt;is to validate implementation&lt;/strong&gt;. Behavior (what the end user sees) is validated in higher levels of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your unit tests are good if them have good &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codeaffine.com/2015/10/05/what-the-heck-is-mutation-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mutation coverage&lt;/a&gt;, i.e., if your target method is changed (causing a regression bug), they will fail, pointing the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you have control over the behavior of your mocks, your tests will take in consideration and validate the structure of the XML and the data that is inputed by the BuildXml method. Your mocks will be highly tighted to your tests, since their behavior will be something that your tests will take as correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-06T13:51:27.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26673" CreationDate="2017-04-06T15:03:47.210" Score="1" ViewCount="1998" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using VS Community 2015 and have the choice of developing under the MSTest or the NUnit framework. We are building a testing framework using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.legitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Legitest&lt;/a&gt; (unit, integration, system, etc) for database testing (including ETL, OLAP and Reporting).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen mentions of '&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38063903/vs-2013-mstest-vs-nunit-vs-xunit&quot;&gt;limitations of MSTest&lt;/a&gt;' but for the above testing types what are the advantages of using NUnit over MSTest?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T19:13:50.143" Title="Functional Difference between NUnit and MSTest in VS" Tags="&lt;database&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26657" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-06T18:32:05.280" Score="0" ViewCount="554" Body="&lt;p&gt;My automated tests get hung up on the .get(url) command randomly.  I run several test suites everyday against 60+ different urls (each suite) and a handful will fail to get the url after initializing the browser.  The browser url will simply read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;data:;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if I start these tests from the command line and this happens, eventually the test will attempt to click a button that doesn't exist and the test will fail, the browser will close, and the tests will continue as normal. This is acceptable to me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if I start the tests from a cronjob, the test will get hung up forever and stop executing - no more logs, no more tests, no more cpu usage.  This means that I cannot run the tests automatically which is an issue for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've already attempted setting up 'retries' and starting the tests from a python script rather than bash script, which did not solve the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setup:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium 3.0.2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google Chrome 54&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Python 3.6&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chromedriver 2.29 (and cannot switch to Firefox or any other browser)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Kick off tests from bash script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run tests inside python's Unit Test and get url in setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example test setup:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;self.driver.get(URL)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your help.  I've navigated every webpage on the internet dealing with this issue and found no satisfactory conclusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25070" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T19:27:24.283" Title="Selenium python test hung up on url in cronjob" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9584" CreationDate="2017-04-06T20:42:22.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When Automated Testing you should strongly favour the same technology stack that is used by the development team. In Java that would be Apache Maven, JUnit, Slf4j running under Jenkins. Technology none-proliferation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Driven Development&lt;/a&gt; using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/wiki/Getting-started&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt; to drive your webdriver test cases.  Once you have mastered those, learn Cucumber-jvm and start expressing your test cases in BDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T11:44:03.093" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:44:03.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-07T03:41:04.703" Score="2" ViewCount="7962" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Software QA for 3 years, however, I only experienced manual testing which I act the role as end-user in the application (front-end and back-office), I am now hired in other company which I am only the SQA, this is the first time there hire a SQA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I noticed that there's an error in their web application which cannot replicated by manual testing. I'm sure that automation testing will be the solution to do stress testing in the website, however, I have no idea regarding automation testing, I need your help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest a (stress) testing tool for ASP.net/C#? and how will I use the tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25078" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T08:51:55.093" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T12:20:00.740" Title="(stress) testing tool for ASP.net/C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26659" CreationDate="2017-04-07T08:50:09.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is a bit broad, but I will try to give you some hints and direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some performance and load testing tools to automate stress testing of a website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Microsoft included &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/docs/test/performance-testing/getting-started/getting-started-with-performance-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;performance testing in their Visual Studio&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jMeter&lt;/a&gt;, the open source facto standard, but uses Java (In a MS-only shop maybe stick with MS products).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you use them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read some tutorials, like getting started&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experiment a bit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read the documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experiment a bit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask non-broad, clear and specific questions on &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;SQA.SE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experiment a bit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working proof of concept&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you know you are an expert :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T08:50:09.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26662" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-07T09:51:07.183" Score="2" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best free automation tool for Windows application using object ID's. So &lt;em&gt;NOT&lt;/em&gt; with keystrokes and x,y coordinates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25086" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T11:53:16.273" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T16:09:29.643" Title="What is the best free automation tool for Windows applications" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;ms-uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-07T19:33:43.820" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13378" CreationDate="2017-04-07T11:28:20.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TestLink tends to be a popular test management tool mainly because its free and also one of the older tools which means its well established.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are however plenty of other tools available and here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.testlodge.com/free-test-case-management-tools-list/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;list&lt;/a&gt; of the top test management tools that we have come across over the years.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you feel like we have missed any, please do let us know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T11:28:20.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26659" CreationDate="2017-04-07T12:20:00.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can choose any of the tools listed i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/category/testing-tools-overview/performance/?menu-page=overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. When it comes to web applications load testing it doesn't matter which tool you will choose, web applications normally return HTML pages therefore underlying technology doesn't matter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above list can be short-listed to the following free and open source load testing tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Grinder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; article to learn about main features, sample scripts and reports and see the comparison. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T12:20:00.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26662" CreationDate="2017-04-07T14:47:29.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not think it is possible to automate &lt;em&gt;generic&lt;/em&gt; Windows apps without sending keystrokes and mouseclicks. (But if I am wrong, I am looking forward to learn something)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only the method on how you find the position for the click makes the difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;via x/y (any tool can do this)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;via objectID/Windows titles/... (e.g. AHK, TestStack White,...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;via images (e. g. Sikuli or Kantu)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastEditorUserId="23331" LastEditDate="2017-04-07T14:54:57.190" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T14:54:57.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16439" CreationDate="2017-04-07T15:05:18.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to pass the jmx file within quotes as below - worked for me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jmeter -n -t &quot;Test.jmx&quot; -l results.jtl&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25091" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T15:05:18.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26595" CreationDate="2017-04-07T18:57:26.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From my understanding of what you are looking for, here is an XPath that should work.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//h4[text()='Player Summary']/../../div[@class='mod-content']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, we located the &lt;strong&gt;Player Summary&lt;/strong&gt; header:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//h4[text()='Player Summary']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, from that node, we navigate up to the parent div for that section of the page. The following gets the parent's parent (grandparent) node:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/../..&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, we located the child that contains the player data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/div[@class='mod-content']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This method is easier and more precise than trying to get the &quot;next div after&quot; the one with the player summary header.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this out in using Chrom Dev Tools. In the console, enter the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;//h4[text()='Player Summary']/../../div[@class='mod-content']&quot;)[0].textContent&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the result I got:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;St. Louis BluesPlayer G A PN PIMR. Bortuzzo D 0012K. Brodziak C 1000J. Doty C 0015J. Edmundson D 0012L. Ferraro C 0100T. Galiardi LW1100J. Kyrou C 1100A. Musil C 0012E. Nystrom LW1100M. Paajarvi LW0100T. Rattie RW1000Y. Stastny C 0100S. Vaughan RW0015Columbus Blue JacketsPlayer G A PN PIMK. Aulie D 0012M. Calvert LW0000B. Gallant LW0015S. Ruopp D 0015D. Savard D 0012&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is that the text you were looking for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T18:57:26.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26657" CreationDate="2017-04-07T19:00:19.213" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chromium page&lt;/a&gt;, the ChromeDriver 2.29 supports Chrome v56-58.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably, you will have to downgrade your ChromeDriver or upgrade the Chrome (the latter is better, in general).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XUKDn.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XUKDn.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T19:00:19.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26656" CreationDate="2017-04-07T19:13:50.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out the answer to this question over at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1554018/unit-test-nunit-or-visual-studio&quot;&gt;StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(From the accepted answer) NUnit has few advantages over MS-Test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suite attribute - can aggregate tests and execute them separately (useful for large projects with fast and slow tests for example)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Readable Assert method, e.g. Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual) vs Assert.That(actual, Is.EqualTo(expected))&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NUnit has frequent version updates - MS-Test has only one per VS version.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Many integrated runners including Resharper and TestDriven.NET&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected exception message assertion - can be done using attribute in NUnit but must be done using Try-Catch in MS-Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;[TestCase]! NUnit allows for parameter-ized tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use NUnit with Bamboo because of the plugins that run the tests and then parse the results. And technically &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182486.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;VSTest replaced MSTest&lt;/a&gt; in 2012, but has been kept around for backwards compatibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use the VSTest.Console.exe program to run automated unit and coded UI tests from a command line. VSTest.Console.exe is optimized for performance and is &lt;strong&gt;used in place of MSTest.exe&lt;/strong&gt; in Visual Studio 2012.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-04-07T19:13:50.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26675" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-07T22:38:41.823" Score="6" ViewCount="7460" Body="&lt;p&gt;With latest chromedriver.exe running into out of disk space issues as chromedriver is not deleting the folder named &lt;code&gt;scoped_*&lt;/code&gt; at the end of the execution. It occupying almost 40 GB of space for 1000 tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with both 2.28 and 2.29 versions of chromedriver. I am exiting the driver properly with &lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;driver.Quit()&lt;/code&gt; too. Any help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25101" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T04:25:15.300" LastActivityDate="2019-01-13T10:17:51.510" Title="Chromedriver not deleting scoped* dir in temp folder after test is complete" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7911" CreationDate="2017-04-08T00:24:17.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I put the &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;/usr/local/bin/&lt;/code&gt; directory, when I start selenium test, the log show default search path on Mac OS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;geckodriver::marionette INFO     Starting browser /Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So make sure you have &lt;code&gt;firefox-bin&lt;/code&gt; in above path, if not, you can make a soft link to your search path, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ln -s /Applications/FirefoxDeveloperEdition.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin /usr/local/bin/firefox-bin&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25102" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T00:24:17.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26681" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-08T17:50:48.147" Score="4" ViewCount="2345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble with this ISTQB practice question. I don't understand how the answer (A) was reached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q. 482: Analyze the following highly simplified procedure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ask: &quot;What type of ticket do you require, single or return?&quot;&#xA;IF the customer wants &quot;return&quot;&#xA;    Ask: &quot;What rate, Standard or Cheap-day?&quot;&#xA;    IF the customer replies &quot;Cheap-day&quot;&#xA;        Say: &quot;That will be &quot;11:20&quot;&quot;&#xA;    ELSE&#xA;        Say: &quot;That will be &quot;19:50&quot;&quot;&#xA;    ENDIF&#xA;ELSE&#xA;    Say: &quot;That will be &quot;9:75&quot;&#xA;ENDIF&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now decide the minimum number of tests that are needed to ensure that all the questions have been asked, all combinations have occurred and all replies given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A. 3&#xA;B. 4&#xA;C. 5&#xA;D. 6&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25114" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T11:31:53.207" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T11:35:08.657" Title="Explanation of ISTQB practice question" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26681" CreationDate="2017-04-08T18:59:37.927" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tF1d3.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tF1d3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 3 paths to be taken in order to achieve 100% statement coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question does not have the best format. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ask Single or Return&#xA;    IF the customer wants RETURN&#xA;        Ask Standard or Cheap-day&#xA;        IF the customer replies Cheap-day&#xA;            Say 11:20&#xA;        ELSE&#xA;            Say 19:50&#xA;        ENDIF&#xA;    ELSE&#xA;        Say 9:75 // whatever time this is&#xA;    ENDIF&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-04-08T19:05:50.980" LastActivityDate="2017-04-08T19:05:50.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26650" CreationDate="2017-04-10T00:17:25.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not I am not aware of any best practices.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One choice is to rely on an ORM.  The updates can be async so you'll want to avoid checking it anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T00:17:25.650" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26684" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26694" CreationDate="2017-04-10T06:31:05.820" Score="1" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working with a start-up on providing training material for their staff. Their QA staff consists of individuals who have CS degrees but no/little software development experience, or QA training for that matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What tools/resources do you recommend? I did some quick research online and found this book to be highly recommended: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/B000S1LVBS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned in Software Testing: A Context-Driven Approach&lt;/a&gt; (Although I found it a bit dated, the most recent edition is 2001!). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I took a look at some online courses like this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/qa-software-testing-training-course/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;udemy one&lt;/a&gt; but found the structure too rigid and not really conducive for a team training. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25124" LastActivityDate="2019-06-02T21:38:06.703" Title="Strategy and resources for training Quality Assurance engineers" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;training&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15328" CreationDate="2017-04-10T06:40:06.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Verifytext can be used to verify text exist within the table.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nm0qm.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nm0qm.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v0VlQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v0VlQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v0VlQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v0VlQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24764" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T06:40:06.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26684" CreationDate="2017-04-10T07:03:00.873" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For manual testing training you can refer the following site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/free-online-software-testing-qa-training-course/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&#xA;Software Testing Training: End to End Training on a Live Project&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;End to end real time software project testing is explained very properly considering as beginner. They are also having other testing resources on their site. Hope it will help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25125" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T07:03:00.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26687" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26693" CreationDate="2017-04-10T08:15:17.373" Score="2" ViewCount="331" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to test my application for memory leaks with Ranorex?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ranorex is a tool for integration testing. So I am not sure if this is the right place. On the other hand, it appears logical to me to test the integration of components for any memory leaks that could occur, and it makes sense to do so in typical use cases which I model with test cases.&#xA;Can you suggest other tools, or additional tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:46:40.293" Title="Can I test for memory leaks with Ranorex?" Tags="&lt;ranorex&gt;&lt;memory-leaks&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26688" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26730" CreationDate="2017-04-10T08:38:08.690" Score="2" ViewCount="2479" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got data access layer that has two types of method &lt;code&gt;GetLatestX&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;GetX&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;GetLatestX&lt;/code&gt; looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public IElementType GetLatestElementType(Guid id)&#xA;    {&#xA;        IElementType record = null;&#xA;        using (DatabaseSession session = CreateSession())&#xA;        {&#xA;            record = session.Connection.Get&amp;lt;ElementTypeRecord&amp;gt;(id);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return record;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's reasonably easy to unit test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, &lt;code&gt;GetX&lt;/code&gt; wraps this &lt;code&gt;GetLatest&lt;/code&gt; in a RefCount Observable and emits new values in response to a messaging system. Testing this method is a lot more complex. I want to check the following, rather complex behavior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can subscribe and it retrieves a value from the database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It starts listening for messages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Subscribing again doesn't result in a repeated database call&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the mock message system simulates a message a new database access is called and the subscriptions get the new versions. Only one additional database call is used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unsubscribing the second subscription doesn't result in the system stopping listening to messages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unsubscribing to the first subscription results in the disposal of resources, and un-subscription from the messages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I've got all this in a single unit test, which is hideous. However, I'm not sure how I could break it up. I could only test 1, but to test 2 I'd have to go through 1 and 2, for 3 I'd still have to go through steps 1, 2, 3 etc. So I'd just be copying the same giant test, but having Asserts in different places each time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the code I'm testing in this method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public IObservable&amp;lt;IElement&amp;gt; GetElement(Guid id)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return CreateObservableFor(GetLatestElement(id), GetLatestElement);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a single line, half of which has been tested earlier. The other half is private:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    private IObservable&amp;lt;T&amp;gt; CreateObservableFor&amp;lt;T&amp;gt;(T entity, Func&amp;lt;Guid, T&amp;gt; getLatest)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Guid id = (entity as ConfigurationEntity).ID;&#xA;&#xA;        //return subject;&#xA;        return Observable.Create&amp;lt;T&amp;gt;(observer =&amp;gt;&#xA;        {&#xA;            // publish first value&#xA;            observer.OnNext(entity);&#xA;&#xA;            // listen to internal or external update notifications from messages&#xA;            Action&amp;lt;ConfigurationMessage&amp;gt; callback = (message) =&amp;gt;&#xA;            {&#xA;                // TODO, check timestamp is after previous?&#xA;&#xA;                // use callback to get latest value&#xA;                observer.OnNext(getLatest(id));&#xA;            };&#xA;&#xA;            messageService.SubscribeToConfiguration(id.ToString(), callback);&#xA;&#xA;            // if it has been completed and stop listening to messages&#xA;            return Disposable.Create(() =&amp;gt;&#xA;            {&#xA;                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Unsubscribing from topic &quot; + id);&#xA;                messageService.UnsubscribeToConfiguration(id.ToString(), callback);&#xA;            });&#xA;        }).Publish().RefCount();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it behaves the same way for all the &lt;code&gt;GetX&lt;/code&gt; methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first thought is I should split the &lt;code&gt;GetLatestX&lt;/code&gt; into an interface I can test separately then mock - but that seems to split the data access class into two for no good reason other than unit tests. They don't really conceptually belong as separate units in my mind. Is there another way of 'mocking' this dependency within a class? Or should I just split them up for the sake of testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the same vein, testing the functionality of GetX is effectively repeatedly testing the logic of &lt;code&gt;CreateObservableFor&lt;/code&gt;. I see why I should be testing each API method rather than what is really the internals of the API (in case something changes), but it seems so... inefficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How can I structure this unit test in a better way?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [Test]&#xA;    public void GetElementTypeTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;        // test data&#xA;        var id = Guid.NewGuid();&#xA;        var nameA = &quot;TestNameA&quot;;&#xA;        var nameB = &quot;TestNameB&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        // mock database&#xA;        var columnNames = new[] { &quot;ID&quot;, &quot;Name&quot; };&#xA;&#xA;        // data values A will be the first set of data returned, and after configuration update B will be returned&#xA;        var dataValuesA = new List&amp;lt;object[]&amp;gt;();&#xA;        dataValuesA.Add(new object[] { id, nameA });&#xA;&#xA;        var dataValuesB = new List&amp;lt;object[]&amp;gt;();&#xA;        dataValuesB.Add(new object[] { id, nameB });&#xA;&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory = new MockDbProviderFactory()&#xA;            .AddDatareaderCommand(columnNames, dataValuesA)&#xA;            .AddDatareaderCommand(columnNames, dataValuesB);&#xA;&#xA;        // test method&#xA;        IEMF emf = new EMF(mockMessageService.Object, new MockHistorian(), mockDbProviderFactory.Object, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        var resultObservable = emf.GetElementType(id);&#xA;&#xA;        // check subscription to config changes has not occurred and database not accessed&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory.Verify(f =&amp;gt; f.CreateConnection(), Times.Once);&#xA;        mockMessageService.Verify(ms =&amp;gt; ms.SubscribeToConfiguration(It.IsAny&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(), It.IsAny&amp;lt;Action&amp;lt;ConfigurationMessage&amp;gt;&amp;gt;()), Times.Never);&#xA;&#xA;        //subscribe to observable&#xA;        int sub1Count = 0;&#xA;        var subscription = resultObservable.Subscribe(result =&amp;gt; {&#xA;            sub1Count++;&#xA;&#xA;            // check result&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(new ElementTypeRecord(id, (sub1Count == 1 ? nameA : nameB)), result, &quot;Result from EMF does not match data&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        });&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // check subscribed to config changes and subscription called&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(sub1Count == 1, &quot;Subscription not called&quot;);&#xA;        mockMessageService.Verify(ms =&amp;gt; ms.SubscribeToConfiguration(It.IsAny&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(), It.IsAny&amp;lt;Action&amp;lt;ConfigurationMessage&amp;gt;&amp;gt;()), Times.Once);&#xA;&#xA;        // check we've subscribed with our id&#xA;        Assert.AreEqual(this.configCallbacks[0].Item1, id.ToString(), &quot;Unexpected message system subscription topic&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        // open a second, short term subscription and ensure that the system does not re-subscribe to updates, or read the data again&#xA;        int sub2Count = 0;&#xA;        resultObservable.Take(1).Subscribe(result =&amp;gt; {&#xA;            sub2Count++;&#xA;&#xA;            // check result (should be second data item)&#xA;            Assert.AreEqual(new ElementTypeRecord(id, nameB), result, &quot;Result from EMF does not match data&quot;);&#xA;        });&#xA;&#xA;        // check subscribed to config changes has not changed&#xA;        mockMessageService.Verify(ms =&amp;gt; ms.SubscribeToConfiguration(It.IsAny&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(), It.IsAny&amp;lt;Action&amp;lt;ConfigurationMessage&amp;gt;&amp;gt;()), Times.Once);&#xA;&#xA;        //emit a new value by simulating a configuration change message&#xA;        this.configCallbacks[0].Item2(new ConfigurationMessage(DateTime.Now));&#xA;&#xA;        // check subscriptions called&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(sub1Count == 2, &quot;Subscription not called&quot;);&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(sub2Count == 1, &quot;Subscription not called&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        // unsubscribe&#xA;        mockMessageService.Verify(ms =&amp;gt; ms.UnsubscribeToConfiguration(It.IsAny&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(), It.IsAny&amp;lt;Action&amp;lt;ConfigurationMessage&amp;gt;&amp;gt;()), Times.Never);&#xA;        subscription.Dispose();&#xA;&#xA;        // verify subscription removed&#xA;        mockMessageService.Verify(ms =&amp;gt; ms.UnsubscribeToConfiguration(It.IsAny&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;(), It.IsAny&amp;lt;Action&amp;lt;ConfigurationMessage&amp;gt;&amp;gt;()), Times.Once);&#xA;        Assert.IsTrue(this.configCallbacks.Count == 0, &quot;Unexpected message system unsubscription topic&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        // validate that the connection, command and reader were used correctly&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory.Verify(f =&amp;gt; f.CreateConnection(), Times.Exactly(2));&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory.MockConnection.Verify(c =&amp;gt; c.Open(), Times.Exactly(2));&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory.MockConnection.Verify(c =&amp;gt; c.Close(), Times.Exactly(2));&#xA;&#xA;        //first data call&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory.MockCommands[0].Verify(c =&amp;gt; c.PublicExecuteDbDataReader(It.IsAny&amp;lt;CommandBehavior&amp;gt;()), Times.Once);&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory.MockCommands[0].MockDatareader.Verify(dr =&amp;gt; dr.Read(), Times.Exactly(2));&#xA;&#xA;        //second data call&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory.MockCommands[1].Verify(c =&amp;gt; c.PublicExecuteDbDataReader(It.IsAny&amp;lt;CommandBehavior&amp;gt;()), Times.Once);&#xA;        mockDbProviderFactory.MockCommands[1].MockDatareader.Verify(dr =&amp;gt; dr.Read(), Times.Exactly(2));&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18155" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T11:40:03.267" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T15:38:33.353" Title="Improving my Unit testing: How to test simple methods that call internal methods, resulting in complex (yet similar) output" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26689" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-10T09:53:38.190" Score="3" ViewCount="5035" Body="&lt;p&gt;the requirement is to display the timezone for test execution in PST and change the error label KO to something like Failure. Can anyone please let me know how to achieve the same when creating Jmeter dashboard report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18696" LastActivityDate="2020-01-08T16:03:20.580" Title="How to customize JMeter Dashboard Report generated in Jmeter v3.1?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26689" CreationDate="2017-04-10T11:19:19.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To change &lt;code&gt;KO&lt;/code&gt; label:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locate &lt;code&gt;ApacheJMeter_core.jar&lt;/code&gt; file under &quot;lib/ext&quot; folder of your JMeter installation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open it (as normal ZIP archive)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to &lt;code&gt;org/apache/jmeter/resources/message.properties&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Locate the following line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;reportgenerator_summary_statistics_error_count=KO&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;change this &lt;code&gt;OK&lt;/code&gt; to whatever you like&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To change timezone just change your machine timezone, JMeter will respect it. You might also find the following properties which live in the &lt;code&gt;reportgenerator.properties&lt;/code&gt; file (located in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder) useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.reportgenerator.start_date=&#xA;jmeter.reportgenerator.end_date=&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html#configuration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Configuring Dashboard Generation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#configuring_jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Configuring JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T11:19:19.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26692" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-10T12:17:15.047" Score="0" ViewCount="1513" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;code&gt;driver.Quit();&lt;/code&gt; in TeardownTest method.&#xA;But the browser is closed only if the test passed.&#xA;If a test failed, the browser is still open.&#xA;Why browser is not closed in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have Microsoft Visual team services builds, Visual Studio Test Agent is deployed to virtual machine. On the virtual machine is installed MS Agent for Visual studio 2015 Update 3. This problem, with closing the browser, happens only on virtual machine. If I run tests from Visual Studio on local machine, browser is closed if test passed or failed, in this case it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastEditorUserId="22940" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T06:58:20.983" LastActivityDate="2018-09-26T09:33:39.810" Title="Browser is closed only if test passed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26687" CreationDate="2017-04-10T12:49:12.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A very interesting question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not think there is a specific button in Ranorex that is called &quot;Memory leak detection&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detecting memory leak is a rather complex procedure that involves:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Produce a string of re-producible actions that may cause memory leak&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Observe if the system memory depletes over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gradually remove one factor at a time to isolate the root cause(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ranorex, as a test automation tool, I guess it can provide you with automated testing actions but how exactly to detect a memory leak, it varies from one application to the next.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T12:49:12.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26684" CreationDate="2017-04-10T13:57:22.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the QA team has a little or no experience, I would suggest the following plan/materials :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Basics&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Objective : Make sure that all the individuals have the minimum knowledge of QA basics and share the same terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Materials : Nothing better than the standard ISTQB syllabus |  &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/istqb-certification-foundation-level-syllabus/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;My favorite ISTQB detailed course&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Process&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Objective : Define the QA macro strategy,process,test plans (examples) and the QA metrics.&#xA;Example : Everyone must know what to do (&lt;em&gt;write tests,execute&#xA;tests...&lt;/em&gt;) and when to do (&lt;em&gt;are all commits reviewed ? Do we have&#xA;enough software maturity ?...&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Materials : &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scrumalliance.org/system/resource_files/0000/0459/AgileQA.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This will give you an overview&lt;/a&gt; | terms to looks for : Agile QA best practices, Test Strategies for Large and Small Development Projects, Also check QA-matters.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Objective : A practical workshop with the everyday tools that will be used by the QA team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Materials : Assuming the company will use Open Source or cheap tools : TestLink,Bitbucket,jenkins,trello,Selenium or Appium for test automation...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17890" LastEditorUserId="17890" LastEditDate="2017-04-10T16:06:20.197" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T16:06:20.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26692" CreationDate="2017-04-10T15:40:39.097" Score="-1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; [TearDown]&#xA;        public void RunAfterEveryTest()&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            driver.Quit();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems to be you are using NUnit, So please check the code you have for the trardown is same as the above code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or please share the code ..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T02:30:19.803" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T02:30:19.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26699" CreationDate="2017-04-10T15:48:52.870" Score="0" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to share some Bugs and Test cases with someone. Is there any more professional way of doing that rather sending it over MS Excel?&#xA;I'm looking for some free cloud based test management tool.&#xA;Previously I used &lt;code&gt;demo.testlink.com&lt;/code&gt;, but unfortunately now it is not there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T20:04:42.283" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T22:12:31.257" Title="Online free bug tracking tools?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26698" CreationDate="2017-04-10T16:35:36.697" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Bug tracking there are multiple tools to use :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/team-services/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Studio Team Services &lt;/a&gt;- up to 5 users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One of the most famous tools is bugzilla, you can reach &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bugheaven.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bugheaven&lt;/a&gt; for free use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check AIVEO, I think they offer free use for a maximum of 3 users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17890" LastEditorUserId="17890" LastEditDate="2017-04-10T19:02:58.920" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T19:02:58.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26698" CreationDate="2017-04-10T22:50:20.343" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't have private issues, &lt;a href=&quot;http://trello.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trello&lt;/a&gt; is simple and fast to share and keep track of things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-10T22:50:20.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26698" CreationDate="2017-04-11T06:58:18.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of free bug tracking tools in the market. You have to do some research and see which one's fits your criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Redmine&lt;/strong&gt; - This has a simple UI but is very powerful with it's features and plugins - the Gnatt Chart being one of the most popular features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mantis&lt;/strong&gt; - It is built in PHP. The “My View” display in MantisBT shows unassigned bug tickets, a project timeline (similar to an activity feed) and lists recently modified and resolved tickets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pivotal Tracker&lt;/strong&gt; - Pivotal is free for up to 3 users. If you want to scale up, then you need to pay for more users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;YouTrack&lt;/strong&gt; - This is another bug management tool, which has been developed by JetBrains. It is similar to Pivotal, in the scene that it is free for small teams ( free up to 10 users and 5GB storage). If you want to scale up, then you need to pay.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also get a list of Open Source Bug Management tools &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2010/08/bug-tracking-system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T06:58:18.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26702" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-11T07:04:59.383" Score="0" ViewCount="766" Body="&lt;p&gt;My app having six modules for each modules having separate URLs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)&lt;code&gt;http://church/wpApp/api.php?mod=gallery&amp;amp;method=get Videos&amp;amp;format=json&lt;/code&gt; -- with this  URL, I can be done the load test Using  JMeter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My another Sub- category Url having ID-based URL. Here it is possible to apply load test Why because this URL having id this ID  based Test only for particular ID.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) &lt;code&gt;http://felda/wpApp/api.php?mod=posts&amp;amp;method=ratetopost&amp;amp;post_id=510&amp;amp;comment_author_email=t_content=hello&amp;amp;user_id=28&lt;/code&gt;.  ( &quot;ID=28&quot;)--&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible to do  LOAD  test &quot;ID &quot;Based URLs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25142" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T07:12:38.750" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T08:13:38.040" Title="How to do load test based on User ID using JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26702" CreationDate="2017-04-11T07:30:39.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sure, it can be done, just add a HTTP Request sampler and configure it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/E2imv.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/E2imv.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter HTTP User ID&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where this &lt;code&gt;user_id&lt;/code&gt; parameter can be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;something static, i.e. &lt;code&gt;28&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;something data-driven, i.e. JMeter Variable originating from &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733689-Using-CSV-DATA-SET-CONFIG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; like &lt;code&gt;${userid}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;something random i.e. between 1 and 100 using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__Random&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__Random() function&lt;/a&gt; like &lt;code&gt;${__Random(1,100)}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T07:30:39.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26704" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26994" CreationDate="2017-04-11T08:50:06.460" Score="1" ViewCount="4519" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't make Select() method working in selenium. I have this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select class=&quot;print-select menuo selectBox&quot; name=&quot;data[gimimo-m]&quot; &#xA;style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option class=&quot;dis-option&quot; value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Mėnuo&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;Sausis&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;Vasaris&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;selectBox-arrow-tip&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;selectBox print-select menuo selectBox-dropdown&quot; style=&quot;display:&#xA;inline-block; -moz-user-select: none;&quot; title=&quot;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;selectBox-label&quot;&amp;gt;Mėnuo&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;selectBox-arrow&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;selectBox-arrow-tip&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use this line to select:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select_m = Select(driver.find_element_by_name('data[gimimo-m]'))&#xA;select_m.select_by_value(&quot;1&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get this exception (exception is given when trying to select an option):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotVisibleException:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can click dropdown and see the options with this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//a[@class='selectBox print-select menuo selectBox-dropdown']&quot;)&#xA;select_button.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After drop down is open code is changed to this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;selectBox print-select menuo selectBox-dropdown selectBox-menuShowing&quot; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the select still stays invisible and i can't get the options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select class=&quot;print-select menuo selectBox&quot; name=&quot;data[gimimo-m]&quot; &#xA;style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get drop down opened but it results in the same exception.&#xA;Can anyone help me to figure out what's wrong? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: SOLVED by this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select_month = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//a[@class='selectBox print-select menuo selectBox-dropdown']&quot;)&#xA;ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(select_month).click().send_keys('Kovas').send_keys(Keys.ENTER).perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25147" LastEditorUserId="25147" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T11:39:22.143" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T15:59:36.297" Title="ElementNotVisibleException when selecting dropdown option" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26709" CreationDate="2017-04-11T09:06:58.750" Score="1" ViewCount="1064" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's snippet of my code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;while (!$driver.find_element(:xpath,element2).displayed?)&#xA;    $driver.find_element(:xpath,element1).click()&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for some reason element.displayed? throws this exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;An element could not be located on the page using the given search parameters. (RuntimeError)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expected the code to return false when the element was not found but instead I got the exception.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Is this working as intended or am I using it incorrectly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25149" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T20:52:05.810" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T20:52:05.810" Title="Why does element.displayed? throws exception instead of boolean false?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26704" CreationDate="2017-04-11T09:11:24.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exception definition and explanation from &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/common/selenium.common.exceptions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium API documentation&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;exception&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotVisibleException(msg=None,&#xA;  screen=None)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Thrown when an element is present on the DOM, but it is not visible,&#xA;  and so is not able to be interacted with. Most commonly encountered&#xA;  when trying to click or read text of an element that is hidden from&#xA;  view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use explicit wait, Xpath or robot class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T17:41:40.493" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T17:41:40.493" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26707" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27578" CreationDate="2017-04-11T11:25:05.637" Score="1" ViewCount="22873" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am facing issues with handling a trivial scenario during automation. I need to select a specific option using Protractor. I am passing the index of the option that I want to select, and then clicking on that to select it. However, my &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; method errors out stating the &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; method is undefined on that index.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I am trying to do - in my &lt;code&gt;selectElements.js&lt;/code&gt; file, the dropdown method is defined as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const selectElement={}&#xA;&#xA;selectElement.selectElementDropdown =function(element,index,milliseconds){&#xA; console.log(&quot;Selecting element by drop down&quot;,&quot;OK&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; element.all(by.tagName('option')).then(function(options){&#xA;&#xA;     options[2].click(); &#xA;//here index 2 is hardcoded, which can be changed to options[index]&#xA; });&#xA;&#xA; if(typeof milliseconds!=='undefined'){&#xA;     browser.sleep(milliseconds);&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;module.exports =selectElement;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using a POM structure, so the dropdown method is in a separate &lt;code&gt;.js&lt;/code&gt; file. I am calling this in my page file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const methodDropDown = require('../BasePage/selectElements.js');&#xA;&#xA;var signUpBankDetails = function(){&#xA;&#xA;this.bankName = element.all(by.css('.form-group')).get(7).element(by.xpath(&quot;//label[text()='Select Bank Name']&quot;));&#xA;//the selector is clicked to open the drop down&#xA;&#xA;console.log(&quot;Start of this block =========&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;this.selectDropDownMethod = function(){&#xA;    console.log(&quot;Drop Down method start ==========&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;    this.bankName.click();&#xA;    browser.sleep(1000);&#xA;    methodDropDown.selectElementDropdown(this.bankName,0,1000);&#xA;&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting the error which says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: Cannot read property 'click' of undefined&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;this.bankName.click()&lt;/code&gt; block is working fine because, I can see that the element is clicked and the drop down appears, however the selection seems to be erroring out. I have also attached the HTML snippet of code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WiobE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WiobE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T15:44:48.217" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T14:57:38.923" Title="Handling DropDown using Protractor" Tags="&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26704" CreationDate="2017-04-11T11:40:23.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is with your &lt;code&gt;style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; attribute in HTML. Selenium only interacts with the elements that are visible on screen. So, you need to make your elements appear on the screen in order to make the elements interacted by Selenium code. Now, it depends on how your application is working so that you can write code for your next steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the drop down has elements appear after some time - (due to AJAX, or loading times) that would mean that the &lt;code&gt;display:none&lt;/code&gt; attribute would disappear once elements are visible on screen. In this case you can use the &lt;code&gt;waits&lt;/code&gt; in Selenium to wait for that period of time or to wait for the element to be present - please read about explicit waits on how to achieve the later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or you can use javascript to click element directly without proceeding dropdown roll down. Js is able to cope with it. There are a lot of answers on SO regarding this. You can refer to one &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12379678/selenium-webdriver-select-with-display-none&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, and use that in your code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T11:40:23.027" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26705" CreationDate="2017-04-11T11:49:24.423" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;$driver.find_element(:xpath,element2)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above, you are trying to find an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;.displayed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you are trying to check the state in a element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The exception is thrown by the first computation; the displayed? is never executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that, in order to avoid code duplication and different behaviors in different parts of the suite, I'd recommend to you to create an Element class, which will wrap selenium calls. This class would provide a cleaner interface and, inside each method, you can add logic to deal with selenium behavior that you don't appreciate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, you can implement a &lt;em&gt;isVisible?&lt;/em&gt; method which, beside use Selenium to check the visibility, you can check a html class or attribute as &lt;em&gt;hidden&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T11:49:24.423" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26684" CreationDate="2017-04-11T11:51:22.397" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, it's good to have some vocabulary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/istqb-certification-the-definitive-guide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Guide&lt;/a&gt; can help you with that. I recommend reading the Chapter 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are not familiar with the agile approach, a fast reading for the is also the &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-the-istqb-agile-tester-extension-certification/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Agile Guide&lt;/a&gt;. But for a deep dive, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; book is excellent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, about testing engineering, I recommend the following blog posts and videos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Engineering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2011/12/what-exploratory-testing-is-not-part-1-touring/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What Exploratory Testing Is Not&lt;/a&gt; | Part 1 of 5 (Worth read all five)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/652&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Tester’s Commitments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/652&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing 3.0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/procedure.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;General Functionality and Stability Test Procedure&lt;/a&gt; (Paper from 2000, where James Bach (follow this guy on Twitter) shows his process for testing the Windows OS using exploratory testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-ItEKt_N_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Understanding exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2012/07/few-hiccupps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing oracles - HICCUPPS&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1346&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Test is a Performance&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testingjeff.wordpress.com/2011/04/19/testing-test-execution/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing != test execution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILkT_HV9DVU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Lecture by James Bach on Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqwyMaHcjQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach on testing in an agile software development team.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding Automation, you will discover that Selenium is the most used tool at the moment. Given you have a strong background in programming and the fact that tutorials are technology dependent, I'll link more general resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DO8KVe00kcU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Create a Test Automation Framework Architecture With Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object Pattern, Martin Fowler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD/Cucumber&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/GivenWhenThen.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://martinfowler.com/bliki/GivenWhenThen.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/docs/reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lostechies.com/joeybeninghove/2010/06/01/cucumber/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://lostechies.com/joeybeninghove/2010/06/01/cucumber/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here you can find a small automation suite (using Cucumber and other small libraries to implement the Page Object Factory) that I wrote for a Edx-like education platform. It can give you a taste of all the pieces of an automation suite.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/JoaoGFarias/OpenRedu/tree/cucumber_integration/features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/JoaoGFarias/OpenRedu/tree/cucumber_integration/features&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Along with the preparation, practice makes the tester.&#xA;If you are not able to practice in your company, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.libreoffice.org/community/qa/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LibreOffice&lt;/a&gt; has a great QA community (both manual and auto). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-06-02T21:38:06.703" LastActivityDate="2019-06-02T21:38:06.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26705" CreationDate="2017-04-11T12:45:25.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are checking that an element that doesn't exist is displayed. Elements must exist if they are displayed so you are failing before you get to the .display?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the findElement part, you need to add a rescue and from there you could rescue the error and provide a useful message: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::NoSuchElementError&#xA;    raise Selenium::WebDriver::Error::NoSuchElementError.new(&quot;No Such Element: #{elementLocator}&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be better to separate out the methods of finding the elements and checking if they are displayed, that way you avoid duplicate code and can better handle the exceptions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more info on handling exceptions in Ruby: &lt;a href=&quot;http://rubylearning.com/satishtalim/ruby_exceptions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://rubylearning.com/satishtalim/ruby_exceptions.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T12:45:25.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26692" CreationDate="2017-04-11T13:37:51.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are catching any exceptions, call driver.quit() within those catch blocks to close the browser when a test fails.  If there is a common point that all failing tests run through, I would put driver.quit() there instead of every catch block(ie. a reporting or logging method).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T13:37:51.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26705" CreationDate="2017-04-11T17:18:58.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error you have reported seems to indicate that the element is not found. Therefore your issue is not on the &lt;code&gt;isdisplayed?&lt;/code&gt; part, but more on the &lt;code&gt;find_element(:xpath,element2)&lt;/code&gt; part&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When your code executes, the element on which &lt;code&gt;:xpath,element2&lt;/code&gt; points, is not present (in the html/xml). Possible fix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wrong xpath --&gt; test it if you can, and if it is not Okay, and get an accurate xpath.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the element is not present anymore / or not yet present. you may be facing an asynchronous issue (also called race condition). find something in the code you are testing, that will allow you have the good synchrisation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are probably multiple other posibilities... I gave you the two most important ones that came to my mind.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got the same issue today (and during the past few days), although the fact that I am programming in java, it looks to me like you are having the same issue. I guess it is a classic one, when using Selenium or Appium: &lt;strong&gt;getting the right locator&lt;/strong&gt;, and &lt;strong&gt;avoiding asynchronous issue&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25154" LastEditorUserId="25154" LastEditDate="2017-04-11T17:46:52.307" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T17:46:52.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22380" CreationDate="2017-04-11T18:51:30.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;Grunt&lt;/code&gt; and run your protractor as a grunt task. Please refer to this link for the configuration - you can refer section to the which talks about running protractor as a Grunt task. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/automating-angular-apps-using-protractor-integrating-continuous&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Running Protractor in Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T18:51:30.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26705" CreationDate="2017-04-11T20:49:46.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a common issue in using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;find element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;vs &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;find elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As detailed at &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/findelement-and-findelements-command/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/findelement-and-findelements-command/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The difference between FindElement &amp;amp; FindElements Commands&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference between findElement() and findElements() method is the first returns a WebElement object otherwise it throws an &lt;strong&gt;exception&lt;/strong&gt; and the latter returns a List of WebElements &lt;strong&gt;or an empty list&lt;/strong&gt; if no DOM elements match the query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElement()&#xA;&#xA;On Zero Match : throws NoSuchElementException&#xA;On One Match : returns WebElement&#xA;On One+ Match : returns the first appearance in DOM &#xA;&#xA;findElements()&#xA;&#xA;On Zero Match : return an empty list&#xA;On One Match : returns list of one WebElement only&#xA;On One+ Match : returns list with all matching instance&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not a boolean (you can wrap to get that) but I think this addresses your underlying issues, i.e. getting the exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-11T20:49:46.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26718" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-12T05:17:06.803" Score="0" ViewCount="174" Body="&lt;p&gt;1)something data-driven, i.e. JMeter Variable originating from CSV Data Set Config like ${userid}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)something random i.e. between 1 and 100 using __Random() function like ${__Random(1,100)}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the two methods i got .. it is compulsory to generate CSV DATA Set Configuration in J meter. Or else We can use the Second method is Enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25145" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T14:05:01.893" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T14:05:01.893" Title="JMeter Load Test for Seperate ID based URL'S" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26718" CreationDate="2017-04-12T06:13:41.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are in position to use random - go for it, it will save time and make your test more independent as you won't have to worry about creating CSV file, performing CSV Data Set configuration, copying the csv files to JMeter slaves in case of &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;remote testing&lt;/a&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it may be a good idea to save random values into JMeter variables like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__Random(1,100, userid)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and saving this &lt;code&gt;userid&lt;/code&gt; into .jtl results file via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/listeners.html#sample_variables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sample Variables property&lt;/a&gt; by adding the next line to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;user.properties file&lt;/a&gt; (located in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sample_variables=userid&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you will be able to see which random user id has caused error or re-use this column to replay the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T06:13:41.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26720" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-12T06:18:15.673" Score="2" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing regression testing.&#xA;In my Aplication I am giving &lt;code&gt;assertEquals()&lt;/code&gt; command for time period which is in miliseconds.But it has very small changes time period and my testcase failed.So I want to add Tolerance for 10milisec. How to add Tolerance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24759" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T09:29:48.073" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T13:04:42.600" Title="How to add tolerance for time period using assert command in TestNG tool" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26698" CreationDate="2017-04-12T08:47:00.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some great + free bug tracking tools out there. I recommend to check out the following open source solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Redmine&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;trac&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;WebIssues&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's a full comparison of free open-source bug tracking tools in &lt;a href=&quot;https://usersnap.com/blog/open-source-bug-tracking/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25163" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T08:47:00.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11832" CreationDate="2017-04-12T08:54:53.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are two aspects when it comes to agile testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, a modern bug tracking system must be able to adjust to your agile testing needs. We use &lt;a href=&quot;https://usersnap.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Usersnap&lt;/a&gt; as our main bug tracking system and it works great with our agile approach. It allows us to have a kanban-style bug list and keep clear overview on open bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the second part is the overall agile development. As a second core system we currently rely on &lt;a href=&quot;https://trello.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trello&lt;/a&gt; for user stories, product roadmaps, and daily standups. Everything of those things is managed via Trello. The great thing about both solutions is that they work perfectly fine together. This means: We can manually (or automatically) send bug reports from Usersnap to Trello. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25163" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T08:54:53.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7641" CreationDate="2017-04-12T09:32:07.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Security Scans are what soapUI uses to identify potential security vulnerabilities in your target services. Each scan sends a number of malicious requests to your service to try to provoke and identify a behavior that could indicate a security vulnerability that needs to be handled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security testing is done to unveil the flaws and security gaps present in the security mechanism of the software system that protects data and other sensitive information.It is supported by SoapUI to ensure authorization and authentically in request and response model of web services and web APIs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 1: Right click on the TestCase “FirstProjectTestCase1” in the navigator, a drop drown menu will pop up from which select and click “New SecurityTest” as shown in the screenshot below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TxEN8.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TxEN8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 2:After selecting the “New Security Scan” option, it will open a dialogue window with setup options of Empty Test, Automatic and Full control. Each of these setup option do the following. Empty Test: It will create an empty security test and you have to manually select and configure desired security test scans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Automatic: It will create the default setup which has common security scans and default assertions.&#xA;Full Control: I provides the full control of which security scans to add and how to configure them initially.&#xA;We are going to select the Empty Test, so that we can add desired tests later.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6J41w.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6J41w.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 3: This will open a dialogue window asking you to specify the name of the SecurityTest. Either enter any customized namethat you think of or just use the default one as shown below in the screenshot. Click on the OK button to proceed to add the security test node into the navigator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 4: After click of OK button, security test console will get opened as shown in the below screenshot which is empty and has no security scans in it. In the next step we are going to add the boundary value security scan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 5: On the security test console click on the”+” button present just below “TestSteps”, it will open a drop down menu which has all the security scans that can be added to the security test. To proceed with any of these scan just select it and click on the OK button to add it to the current security test.&#xA;Step 6: Click on the Boundary Scan and click on the OK button. It will open below dialogue below where you can add the actual assertion by clicking green “+” button and choosing the appropriate assertion as follows.&#xA;Step 7: In the above window dialogue, you can add the parameters and assertion to proceed with the required security test. Again click on “+” to add the assertions which we discussed earlier. Below dialogue box shows the type of assertions that could be added.&#xA;Step 8: Select “Sensitive Information Exposure” to check for tokens UID and Password which could be added by “+” button. Click OK to complete adding of this assertion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 9: Add the required parameters for boundary scan as shown in the below screenshot, click OK to complete it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 10: Once the boundary scan is set, click on the green arrow button at the left corner to start the security test. Below screen represents the result of Boundary scan security test once it is completed. In Pro version you may get the detailed PDF Report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step 11: Check the security log, after clicking on the Security Log button present on the left bottom corner of the SoapUI tool. This is shown in the below screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2unsB.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2unsB.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SQL Injection: SQL Injection scan in SoapUI exploits bad database integration coding. It scans and detects for any potential SQL injections that could harm database, thus securing database.&#xA;XPath Injection: XPath Injection exploits bad XML processing inside the web service as target.&#xA;Boundary Scan: Boundary scan checks for the bad handling of the values for the web service which are outside the range definition.&#xA;Invalid Types: This type of security scan checks and exploit invalid input data.&#xA;Malformed XML: This type of security scan checks and exploit bad handling of invalid XML which may be either present on server or in web service.&#xA;XML Bomb: The term XML Bomb is used as it does the security scan for the handling of malicious XML requests which may corrupt the entire web service on server or steal the sensitive information.&#xA;Malicious Attachment: This security scans exploits bad handling of attached files.&#xA;Cross Site Scripting: This type of security scan finds any vulnerable cross-sites scripts. It scans and detects for any exposure of service parameters in the structured messages during cross site scripting.&#xA;Custom Script: This type of security scan permits to use a script for preparing custom parameters fuzzing values.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other SoapUI Security Scan features:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Stack Overflow: SoapUI has the capability to scan and detect for huge documents within the message that could cause stack overflow.&#xA;Lifesaving Scans: SoapUI has the capability to do number of scans and ensures the security of the web services and web APIs. These scans are vulnerability scans, fuzzing scans and boundary scans to mitigate the potential erratic behavior of the web services.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24367" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T09:32:07.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26720" CreationDate="2017-04-12T09:35:52.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you please try this pseudo code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bool public verifyWithTolerance(timeStamp) &#xA;{&#xA;    lowerEnd = 500 miliseconds;&#xA;    higherEnd = 1000 miliseconds;&#xA;    if (timeStamp &amp;gt; 500 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; timeStamp &amp;lt; 1000)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return True;&#xA;    }&#xA;    else {return False;}&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;assertTrue(verifyWithTolerance(timeStampYouWantToVerify))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T09:35:52.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26727" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-12T10:16:05.927" Score="0" ViewCount="660" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Java web application there's a line of code which opens a popup window whenever clicking on a link and this window has ok/cancle button:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;return window.showModalDialog(&quot;popupWindow&quot;, obj, sFeatures);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use below code in Selenium to click on the link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;geckoDriver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//a[contains(@onclick, 'return openlink(8251')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure the link is clicked successfully but the &lt;code&gt;window.showModalDialog&lt;/code&gt; does not open and I can not go on because of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I use GeckoDriver and I also test my application with &lt;code&gt;chromeDriver&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ieDriver&lt;/code&gt; with no success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Html tag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td width=&quot;80&quot; aria-describedby=&quot;grdOpeningTrustCartable_&quot; title=&quot;openning&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; role=&quot;gridcell&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;gridHighlight&quot; onclick=&quot;return openLink(8251,'04/12/17 15:50:00')&quot; href=&quot;javascript:void(0);&quot;&amp;gt;openning&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7679" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T10:28:40.050" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T10:28:40.050" Title="window.showModalDialog not appear when running with Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26727" CreationDate="2017-04-12T10:32:43.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's pretty hard to know what the issue is but I'm assuming when you manually click there's no issue. Be sure that when you manually do it you're not double clicking. If you are then it's either a bug or something you need to add into your method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possibility is that sometimes with links the element appears to be a box shape but will only work if the text is clicked. Selenium clicks the top left hand corner of the element by default. I would recommend creating a separate click method and build up the action, adding in &lt;em&gt;moveToElement()&lt;/em&gt; which brings the mouse to the centre of the element, that might solve the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html#moveToElement-org.openqa.selenium.WebElement-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html#moveToElement-org.openqa.selenium.WebElement-&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T10:32:43.540" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26729" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-12T12:00:45.960" Score="0" ViewCount="1602" Body="&lt;p&gt;Getting error while trying to install maven on windows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have tried is, I have set the Environment variables as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;System variable::&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MAVEN_HOME :: C:\Users\hari\Downloads\apache-maven-3.3.9&#xA;User Variable::&#xA;&#xA;PATH : C:\Users\HARI\Downloads\apache-maven-3.3.9\bin;&#xA;JAVA_HOME : C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_101\jre&#xA;ERROR in cmd::&#xA;&#xA;C:\Users\hari&amp;gt;mvn -version&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: &#xA;        org/codehaus/plexus/logging/LoggerManager&#xA;&#xA;        at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)&#xA;        at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)&#xA;        at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048)&#xA;        at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018)&#xA;        at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784)&#xA;        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.getEnhancedMainMethod(Launcher.java:172)&#xA;        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:268)&#xA;        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)&#xA;        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)&#xA;        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.codehaus.plexus.logging.LoggerManager&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.strategy.SelfFirstStrategy.loadClass(SelfFirstStrategy.java:50)&#xA;    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.unsynchronizedLoadClass(ClassRealm.java:271)&#xA;    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.loadClass(ClassRealm.java:247)&#xA;    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.loadClass(ClassRealm.java:239)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    ... 10 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what should I do to configure it rightly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25168" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T12:07:16.703" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T12:36:33.623" Title="Not able to install maven on windows" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-04-13T08:39:28.317" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26688" CreationDate="2017-04-12T12:06:39.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer is going to be somewhat generic because I'm looking more at the principle than your specific case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my view, the first thing you want to do is create a series of helper methods. You can extract these to a test library class or keep them in your test class. The idea is that the helper methods do the work, and your tests call them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each of your six behaviors, you have a separate test, each calling the relevant helpers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also, for the sake of clarity, use a test code pattern: I personally prefer the Arrange-Act-Assert pattern, but if there's a different one you prefer, that's fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This structure lets you keep your asserts to one per test method, and reduces duplicate code with similar setups. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some pseudo-code-ish examples (C#-ish)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-cs prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;public void SubscribeReturnsValue()&#xA;{&#xA;    //Arrange&#xA;    var service = HelperLib.CreateService(); // you're creating a real service here, but with a mock data provider set up in your helper library&#xA;    var expectedResult = ; //whatever you expect the service to return&#xA;&#xA;    //Act&#xA;    var result = service.Subscribe(); &#xA;&#xA;    //Assert&#xA;    Assert.That(result == expectedResult);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[Test]&#xA;public void ServiceStartsListening()&#xA;{&#xA;    //Arrange&#xA;    var service = HelperLib.CreateMockService(); &#xA;&#xA;    //Act &#xA;    var result = service.Subscribe();&#xA;&#xA;    //Assert&#xA;    Assert.That(service.IsListening());&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[Test]&#xA;public void ServiceGetsNew()&#xA;{&#xA;    //Arrange&#xA;    var service = HelperLib.CreateMockService(); &#xA;    var subscription= service.Subscribe();&#xA;&#xA;    //Act &#xA;    service.NewMessage();&#xA;&#xA;    //Assert&#xA;    Assert.That(subscription.MessageCount == 2);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In essence, you're keeping your test code clean so it's obvious what it's testing, and asserting on exactly one condition. Because your helper library is doing the heavy lifting of creating mock objects and repositories, it stops mattering that you have &lt;code&gt;getLatestX()&lt;/code&gt; called by &lt;code&gt;getX()&lt;/code&gt; - you test both via the helper library and look for the specifics you need to work with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T12:06:39.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26729" CreationDate="2017-04-12T12:28:05.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;MAVEN_HOME should probably be M2_HOME: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23274864/cant-run-maven&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23274864/cant-run-maven&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As MAVEN_HOME is for Maven version 1: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17136324/what-is-the-difference-between-m2-home-and-maven-home&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17136324/what-is-the-difference-between-m2-home-and-maven-home&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T12:28:05.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26733" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-12T12:35:11.130" Score="0" ViewCount="466" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to set Proxy and Local host name for JMeter but the Save button is not getting enable. can anyone please help to resolve this issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25145" LastEditorUserId="17517" LastEditDate="2017-04-12T13:15:33.663" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T04:01:34.460" Title="JMeter Proxy setting for Android" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26729" CreationDate="2017-04-12T12:36:33.623" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps to install Maven:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install JDK and add path of JAVA_HOME&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download Apache Maven&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add M2_HOME and MAVEN_HOME&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add To PATH&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modify your System variables:&#xA;Add both M2_HOME, JAVA_HOME and MAVEN_HOME variables in the Windows environment, and point it to your Maven folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MAVEN_HOME :: C:\Users\hari\Downloads\apache-maven-3.3.9&#xA;&#xA;JAVA_HOME : C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_101&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take the path up to the JDK only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same as MAVEN_HOME add similar path of M2_HOME.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M2_HOME or MAVEN_HOME:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  Maven document said add M2_HOME only, but some programs still reference Maven folder with MAVEN_HOME, so, it’s safer to add both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add To PATH:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update PATH variable, append Maven bin folder – %M2_HOME%\bin, so that you can run the Maven’s command everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still, there is any error refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mkyong.com/maven/how-to-install-maven-in-windows/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T12:36:33.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26735" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-12T12:51:17.270" Score="0" ViewCount="3661" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a setup that runs on mac fine (currently launches browser and uses chromium), what i need to do now though is get this running on &lt;code&gt;Ubuntu 14.04&lt;/code&gt; (Amazon EC2 instance), and have chrome or chromium running heedlessly. I have tried quite a few things now and when running a cucumber test i get the following error every time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally&#xA;(Driver info: chromedriver=2.29.461571 (8a88bbe0775e2a23afda0ceaf2ef7ee74e822cc5),platform=Linux 3.13.0-116-generic x86_64) (Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my current setup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Gemfile&#xA;source 'http://rubygems.org'&#xA;&#xA;gem 'rake'&#xA;gem 'cucumber', &quot;~&amp;gt; 2.4.0&quot;&#xA;gem 'capybara'&#xA;gem 'rspec-expectations'&#xA;gem 'selenium-webdriver', &quot;~&amp;gt; 3.0.0&quot;&#xA;gem 'chromedriver-helper'&#xA;gem 'retriable', '~&amp;gt;1.4'&#xA;&#xA;# env.rb&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.register_driver :chrome do |app|&#xA; chrome_binary = &quot;/usr/bin/google-chrome&quot;&#xA;&#xA; capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome(&quot;chromeOptions&quot; =&amp;gt; { &quot;binary&quot; =&amp;gt; chrome_binary, &quot;args&quot; =&amp;gt; ['headless', 'disable-gpu'] })&#xA; Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser =&amp;gt; :chrome, :desired_capabilities =&amp;gt; capabilities)&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also installed chrome driver and xvfb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo apt-get install xvfb&#xA;&#xA;wget -N http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.26/chromedriver_linux64.zip&#xA;unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip&#xA;chmod +x chromedriver&#xA;&#xA;sudo mv -f chromedriver /usr/local/share/chromedriver&#xA;sudo ln -s /usr/local/share/chromedriver /usr/local/bin/chromedriver&#xA;sudo ln -s /usr/local/share/chromedriver /usr/bin/chromedriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;though when running &lt;code&gt;which chromedriver&lt;/code&gt; it outputs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@hendricks-as3-integration/bin/chromedriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so i uninstalled the &lt;code&gt;chromedriver-helper&lt;/code&gt; gem and when running &lt;code&gt;/usr/bin/chromedriver&lt;/code&gt; i get&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Starting ChromeDriver 2.26.436382 (70eb799287ce4c2208441fc057053a5b07ceabac) on port 9515&#xA;Only local connections are allowed.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to specify what chromedriver to use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anybody got experience with setting this up or perhaps can spot something that i have not done?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help appreciated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciated..!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9246" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T19:51:21.950" LastActivityDate="2020-04-07T23:01:55.270" Title="Running the Chrome Browser headless using selenium webdriver with Cucumber on Ubuntu" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;linux&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26736" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-12T13:05:03.747" Score="0" ViewCount="216" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have set up a test plan in &lt;a href=&quot;https://hiptest.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hiptest&lt;/a&gt; and am working on the setup/ teardown for my tests using JavaScript. I have hit a blocker with my goal of using Hiptest with just JavaScript frameworks (mocha and nightwatchjs) in that I can't find out how to modify and sync my action words with Hiptest in JavaScript. The default in the browser is Ruby, but I can't see any option to change this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know what my options are if I don't wish to use Ruby to define my action words?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23050" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T14:35:02.633" Title="Implement Hiptest action words in JavaScript" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10385" CreationDate="2017-04-12T18:46:38.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should first decide:  Manual or Automated testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you decide automated then you will be programming.  You'll need concepts and practices to manage data and algorithms.  So more programming.  Decide if that's what you want to continue doing.  One huge advantage - it's quite well paid, as much as twice as muich as manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you decide Manual that is a different path.  You will want to learn a lot about testing, the various types and levels, boundary values, devices, browsers and versions.  The 'amount' of information and time and resources you will spend will be enormous.  Any field that you specialize in will require this.  Be aware that manual testing is typically less well paid.  Determine if this is ok for you and your family.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My path lately with all these conversation has been a little different as I focus on value:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Current Value - how am I adding value to the company's bottom line by the bugs I am finding?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Potential Value - how much value &lt;em&gt;can I add&lt;/em&gt; by testing and finding bugs before customers do&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeated Value - how much value will I add from automated tests reducing manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T18:46:38.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26741" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-12T22:12:09.443" Score="6" ViewCount="55760" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been trying to make a selection from a drop down but cannot seem to figure out how.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's what I'm trying to get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;quote-status&quot; class=&quot;panel panel-default&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;panel-heading&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a class=&quot;clickable&quot; ng-click=&quot;toggleCollapse();&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;i class=&quot;glyphicon glyphicon-expand ng-hide&quot; ng-show=&quot;collapsed&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;i class=&quot;glyphicon glyphicon-collapse-down&quot; ng-hide=&quot;collapsed&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Quote Status&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;panel-body collapse in&quot; collapse=&quot;collapsed&quot; style=&quot;height: auto;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- ngIf: quote.quoteLabels &amp;amp;&amp;amp; (quote.quoteLabels.length &amp;gt; 0) --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-3&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;*&amp;amp;nbsp;Choose a Status:&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;select class=&quot;form-control ng-pristine ng-valid&quot; ng-model=&quot;quote.labelId&quot; ng-change=&quot;statusSelectChange()&quot; ng-options=&quot;i.id as i.labelName group by i.categoryName for i in labelTypes  | filter:{ active : '1' } | orderBy:'priority'&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;option value=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;optgroup label=&quot;Potential Customer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;Low Priority&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/optgroup&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to set option 0 as my value. I'm trying to get the value using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;myselect = Select(driver.find_element_by_class_name(&quot;form-control&quot;))&#xA;myselect.select_by_value(&quot;0&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this given example, it says that the element is an input, not a select object, when it try to use ng-valid or ng-pristine I get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: no such element: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;class name&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;ng-valid&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure what to do at this point.  We're using angular.js on top of a php built web app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25178" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-12-02T20:35:57.417" LastActivityDate="2019-12-02T20:35:57.417" Title="How to make a selection from a dropdown using Selenium/Python" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26741" CreationDate="2017-04-12T22:36:22.487" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    def select_dropdown_value(self, locator, value):&#xA;&#xA;    selectOption = Select(self.driver.find_element(*locator))&#xA;    option_selected = selectOption.select_by_value(value)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8865" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T22:36:22.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26741" CreationDate="2017-04-12T23:07:16.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the best features of Python is interactive debugger &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/2/library/pdb.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pdb&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So every time I am not sure how a Python feature works, I drop to debugger and interrogate the object instance for method and how it works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import pdb&#xA;pdb.set_trace()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which can be done on single line, easier to comment/uncomment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import pdb; pdb.set_trace()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put this after you created the &lt;code&gt;myselect&lt;/code&gt; object, and try it. &lt;code&gt;dir(myselect)&lt;/code&gt; will show you all the methods it has. More fun than reading the docs - but you &lt;strong&gt;still&lt;/strong&gt; should read the docs, and use this trick to test your understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-04-12T23:07:16.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26517" CreationDate="2017-04-12T23:43:03.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;prefs = {&#xA;  credentials_enable_service: false&#xA;}&#xA;Selenium::WebDriver.for(:remote, url: grid_url, :desired_capabilities =&amp;gt; caps, prefs: prefs)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25179" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T04:31:27.277" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T04:31:27.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26745" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-13T02:43:49.897" Score="1" ViewCount="472" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for the test scenarios that I can perform under ipv4 and ipv6 netowrk&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally software must pass under next network environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;both IPv4 and IPv6?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ipv4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ipv6 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;is there any negative test scenarios I can add/excute?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25181" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T18:31:43.570" Title="Looking for example of test cases under ipv4 and ipv6" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-18T08:08:14.410" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26746" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="33425" CreationDate="2017-04-13T05:03:17.210" Score="2" ViewCount="450" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a process improvement effort, and I need to get our QA operations up to the industry standards. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am exploring the various systems available in the marketplace which help to store information associated with software development. We currently are using Wrike for defect tracking, but Wrike is task-oriented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ideal system I am looking for has these characteristics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows storing requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows storing test cases and allows grouping them into suites and sets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows storing test results on per-build basis; a failed test case should be associated with a defect&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows storing defect/issue information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows storing build information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has code repository (git is preferred)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has a Wiki or a similar system where knowledge can be stored&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has integrations with other systems and/or has a good API so we can integrate it ourselves&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already reviewed the following systems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;qTest by QA Symphony&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GitHub&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GitLab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jira/Confluence by Atlassian&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Redmine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Taiga&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestLink&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gitea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trac&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RallyDev by CA Agile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are all interesting systems; some are more suitable than others for our needs. Cost is certainly a factor; an open source system would be of interest, but I am considering commercial systems as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am looking for additional systems to evaluate.&lt;/strong&gt; Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23894" LastEditorUserId="23894" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T09:41:05.847" LastActivityDate="2018-05-01T11:08:19.963" Title="Need recommendations for a system for storing test cases, test results, build details, etc" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26746" CreationDate="2017-04-13T05:11:47.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugzilla for issue / bug tracking; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugzilla&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bugzilla wiki link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TeamCity for build and deployment; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TeamCity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TeamCity wiki link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Octopus Deploy for automated deployment; really good if you are working with .NET &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopus_Deploy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Octopus Deploy wiki link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QAComplete for issue / bug tracking; the best choice if you are using SopaUI or test complete. &lt;a href=&quot;https://smartbear.com/product/qacomplete/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestComplete link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trello for task management, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trello&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trello wiki link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T05:11:47.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26733" CreationDate="2017-04-13T05:12:54.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to add the following settings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Proxy hostname: IP address or hostname of the machine where JMeter is running&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Proxy port: the port where &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt; is running (by default 8888)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qm7FF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qm7FF.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Android Proxy Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-mobile-apps-made-easy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load Testing Mobile Apps Made Easy&lt;/a&gt; article for comprehensive instructions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T05:12:54.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26736" CreationDate="2017-04-13T08:19:22.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The code you see in the action words page is not Ruby (even if it is close to it). The code is Hiptest's language.&#xA;The automation should not be done inside Hiptest but in the skeleton code generated by hiptest-publisher and committed to the same repository than the code of the app you are testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18456" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T08:19:22.657" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16428" CreationDate="2017-04-13T10:04:35.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have used Capybara with Chrome driver and we had the same issue. When we launch the url, Chrome window was sent to background. To overcome this issue, we have used the following code and it works like magic!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@window = @session.current_window&#xA;@session.visit url&#xA;@session.switch_to_window(@window)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25191" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T00:30:52.523" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T00:30:52.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26646" CreationDate="2017-04-13T10:50:23.823" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add the file path in suite-file Like added Suite 1 and suite 2 added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;./Suite1.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;./Suite2.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;./Suite3.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25195" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T11:23:13.523" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T11:23:13.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26753" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-13T12:47:13.697" Score="1" ViewCount="1816" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to extract certain text from the response i get in jMeter but the issue is that the response is multiline and does not extract the value correctly. I have tried using multiline mode which got me somewhere but not fully.&#xA;Here is the response:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;                &quot;category61B&quot; : [ &quot;Specified Insurance Company&quot;,&#xA;                    &quot;Investment Entity&quot;, &quot;Custodial Institution &quot;,&#xA;                    &quot;Depository Institution&quot;, &quot;Other&quot; ],&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to extract every value inside the square brackets without &quot;.&#xA;Regex i wrote for this is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;(?s)\&quot;category61B\&quot; : [ \&quot;([^&quot;]+)\&quot;&#xA;  which gave me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Specified Insurance Company&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not able to write further regex to get the other values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I tried &lt;a href=&quot;https://regex101.com/r/CK3ybH/1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online Regex Tester&lt;/a&gt; and it gave me the correct groups. Obviously i tried the same regex with jmeter and it gave me 0 matches but no errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The regex  wrote there was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(?s)\&quot;category61B\&quot; : \[ \&quot;(.+?)\&quot;,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\&quot;(.+?)\&quot;, \&quot;(.+?)\&quot;,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\&quot;(.+?)\&quot;, \&quot;(.+?)\&quot; ],&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update:&#xA;I tried the below RegEx but this will result in capturing everything till the end of response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(?s)&quot;category61B&quot;.*\[(.*)\]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25198" LastEditorUserId="25198" LastEditDate="2017-04-14T09:16:47.313" LastActivityDate="2018-12-06T14:27:01.010" Title="Extracting variables from multi line response in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26753" CreationDate="2017-04-13T14:14:07.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try out: &lt;code&gt;(?s)&quot;category61B&quot;.*\[(.*)\]&lt;/code&gt;, looking into &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-debug-your-apache-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RegExp Tester mode of the View Results Tree listener&lt;/a&gt; it should be something you're looking for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YGdVZ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YGdVZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter View Results Tree RegExp Tester&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, your response is utterly like to be a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_json_intro.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON&lt;/a&gt; structure so my expectation is that using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSON_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON Extractor&lt;/a&gt; will much easier and as simple as &lt;code&gt;$..category61B&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T14:14:07.360" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26745" CreationDate="2017-04-13T18:31:43.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main difference between IPv4 and IPv6 is the octet usage for connectivity.  If you are doing &quot;application&quot; testing, then it's really ensuring that you are connected via an IPv6 connection and testing and connecting via an IPv4 connection and testing.  Ensure the results are the same and you have ensured that the application is working with both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need something more specific related to the DNS/IP specifics/etc... then please put that in the question for a more specific answer.  Otherwise it's really just a connectivity test and the rest is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T18:31:43.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3876" CreationDate="2017-04-13T18:42:25.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Didn't see an answer on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestNG is just a unit test framework and not automation specific so you will need to do this in your test itself via code of comparing two variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have your UIMap expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look at the HTML and compare the other location with the UIMap you are expecting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If they match you can re-use the map for the other place if it's a different page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If they match on the same page you will likely need to include a [#] after it to identify which element you want with that specific map.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would assume the row you are after there should be an expected result you want from that, if so it might be good to check the rows as a whole for the result and be sure it's there unless you need it in a specific order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this isn't the answer you were hoping for to this question then please update your question to something more specific .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T18:42:25.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25977" CreationDate="2017-04-13T19:18:46.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your flakiness seems to be wait related.  I would recommend explicitly waiting on every action to be sure an object exists and is ready before interacting with it.  The iframe might require refocusing as well as sometimes it's not focused on and results in failures.  If the waits don't get you what you want please provide more specific failure situations along with the attempted coded actions so we can dig into the details more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-13T19:18:46.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24416" CreationDate="2017-04-13T19:23:37.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is answered here on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10755480/how-to-capture-all-requests-made-by-page-in-webdriver-is-there-any-alternative&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I posted the answer below for quick reference&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;I found a google groups discussion on the topic, these links look like promising an alternative to Browsermob.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.eviltester.com/2010/05/a-selenium-capturenetworktraffic-example-in-java.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reference link&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.supermind.org/blog/968/howto-collect-webdriver-http-request-and-response-headers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;supermind&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theautomatedtester.co.uk/blog/2010/selenium-webtimings-api.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;theautomatedtester&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hope those help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternately if those don't work you can have Wireshark running on the server and setup the rules to specifically record the target traffic you are after.  You just want to make sure you clear it first and then pull it after the test activity.  That, of course, is more manual instead of putting it into your automated test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="18186" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T12:47:27.797" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T12:47:27.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26760" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31965" CreationDate="2017-04-13T20:07:56.347" Score="1" ViewCount="488" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a SoapUI script that is designed to compare two service calls. Right now all I have to use is the legacy service (the expected values). I'm calling the legacy system with a datasource to drive test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using a second datasouce as a &lt;strong&gt;stub&lt;/strong&gt; to mimic the new service while it's being developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looping through the legacy service data works fine with the one data source but the problem is when I try to access the second datasource in the loop, it won't iterate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test structure looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;       Legacy DataSource&#xA;|----&amp;gt; Legacy Call&#xA;|      New Service Stub (Excel DataSource) &#xA;|      Some Validation&#xA;|      DataSink (Trying to access the New Service Stub)&#xA;|&amp;lt;-----Legacy DataSource Loop&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I try to access the Service Stub (Excel Sheet) from the DataSink, I only get blank values - it appears like the test step to retrieve the data is never running or SoapUI never incrementsthe row #.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I step through the second datasource inside an existing loop?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25207" LastEditorUserId="25207" LastEditDate="2017-04-13T20:22:42.327" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T18:00:27.113" Title="SoapUI - Apply DataSource Loop to two excel sheets" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26761" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-13T22:14:05.167" Score="2" ViewCount="451" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am working on a selenium webdriver project using python. My tests run only in chrome (when the executable file is present in the project). Is there an updated alternative to install the chromedriver via package?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that my code is in github, so if my colleague wants to test locally, the executable chromedriver file that works for me may not work for him. How can solve that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use chrome_installer, but even so i'm not able to install chromedriver. See my tox.ini here &lt;a href=&quot;http://take.ms/Lq37g&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;take.ms/Lq37g&lt;/a&gt; and see my requirements.txt here &lt;a href=&quot;http://take.ms/BZONn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;take.ms/BZONn&lt;/a&gt; then after run tox, the chromedriver is not installed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8865" LastActivityDate="2019-06-06T08:03:05.383" Title="Install chromedriver via package instead of executable" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24416" CreationDate="2017-04-14T09:53:51.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the suitable tool for your problem - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserMobProxy&lt;/a&gt;. With this, you could capture the traffic as a Har file. &#xA;You could also block and bypass any request after analyzing the response to decrease the page load time for your automated testing services (if you are doing web automation). It is easily integrated with selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample code from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;git&lt;/a&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// start the proxy&#xA;BrowserMobProxy proxy = new BrowserMobProxyServer();&#xA;proxy.start(0);&#xA;&#xA;// get the Selenium proxy object&#xA;Proxy seleniumProxy = ClientUtil.createSeleniumProxy(proxy);&#xA;&#xA;// configure it as a desired capability&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, seleniumProxy);&#xA;&#xA;// start the browser up&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&#xA;proxy.enableHarCaptureTypes(CaptureType.REQUEST_CONTENT, CaptureType.RESPONSE_CONTENT);&#xA;&#xA;// create a new HAR with the label &quot;yahoo.com&quot;&#xA;proxy.newHar(&quot;yahoo.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// open yahoo.com&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://yahoo.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// get the HAR data&#xA;Har har = proxy.getHar();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope that will helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T12:48:25.563" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T12:48:25.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12075" CreationDate="2017-04-14T19:07:53.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You question is: do you measure feature coverage, and how do you do it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My answer is: yes, I ask the knowledable users to train me or document them.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider functions by user type such as regular user and admin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider functions by area such as admin vs regular&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider functions by web page or web site area&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each area, one approach is to divide up according to happy, sad and optional&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Happy is the minimum workflow a customer will do and assume they enter all fields, use defaults when possible and enter all data correctly the first time through. This tends to be a relatively small set of test(s).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sad is when the user messes up and either fails to enter data or enters invalid data.  This tends to be long, complicated and involve testing a lot of different conditions and data.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optional is when the user had the option to enter optional / additional data.  This will actually have both happy and sad paths.  The specifics will be particular to the business domain the organization is working in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T23:58:59.460" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T23:58:59.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26765" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-15T12:51:41.493" Score="0" ViewCount="680" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unable to run firefox test using selenium. It opens FF but didnt perform the action. Below are the info &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:&#xA; Firefox\browser\features\aushelper@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119271   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\aushelper@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119276   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on aushelper@mozilla.org version 2.0&#xA;1492260119277   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\deployment-checker@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119278   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\deployment-checker@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on deployment-checker@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119286   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.9&#xA;1492260119286   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1492260119287   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1492260119291   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.5&#xA;1492260119298   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Starting async load of XPI database C:\Users\Tutu\AppData\Local\Temp\anonymous22270286133365338webdriver-profile\extensions.json&#xA;1492260119299   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\webcompat@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119300   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\webcompat@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119302   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on webcompat@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119306   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119313   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence&#xA;[GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0&#xA;1492260119597   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Async JSON file read took 0 MS&#xA;1492260119597   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Finished async read of XPI database, parsing...&#xA;1492260119599   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Successfully read XPI database&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;*** Blocklist::_loadBlocklistFromFile: blocklist is disabled&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;Crash Annotation GraphicsCriticalError: |[C0][GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0 (t=2.70801) [GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0&#xA;&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:118)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:246)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:114)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:193)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:186)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:182)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:95)&#xA;    at GoogleTest.main(GoogleTest.java:10)&#xA;Apr 15, 2017 1:42:46 PM org.openqa.selenium.os.UnixProcess$SeleniumWatchDog destroyHarder&#xA;INFO: Command failed to close cleanly. Destroying forcefully (v2). org.openqa.selenium.os.UnixProcess$SeleniumWatchDog@77847718&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Failed to connect to binary FirefoxBinary(C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe) on port 7055; process output follows: &#xA; Firefox\browser\features\aushelper@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119271   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\aushelper@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119276   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on aushelper@mozilla.org version 2.0&#xA;1492260119277   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\deployment-checker@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119278   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\deployment-checker@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on deployment-checker@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119286   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.9&#xA;1492260119286   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1492260119287   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1492260119291   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.5&#xA;1492260119298   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Starting async load of XPI database C:\Users\Tutu\AppData\Local\Temp\anonymous22270286133365338webdriver-profile\extensions.json&#xA;1492260119299   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\webcompat@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119300   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\webcompat@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119302   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on webcompat@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119306   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119313   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence&#xA;[GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0&#xA;1492260119597   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Async JSON file read took 0 MS&#xA;1492260119597   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Finished async read of XPI database, parsing...&#xA;1492260119599   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Successfully read XPI database&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;*** Blocklist::_loadBlocklistFromFile: blocklist is disabled&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;Crash Annotation GraphicsCriticalError: |[C0][GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0 (t=2.70801) [GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0&#xA;&#xA;Build info: version: '2.45.0', revision: '32a636c', time: '2015-03-05 22:01:35'&#xA;System info: host: 'Tutu-Lounge', ip: '192.168.173.2', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_121'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:130)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:246)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:114)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:193)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:186)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:182)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:95)&#xA;    at GoogleTest.main(GoogleTest.java:10)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:&#xA; Firefox\browser\features\aushelper@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119271   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\aushelper@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119276   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on aushelper@mozilla.org version 2.0&#xA;1492260119277   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\deployment-checker@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119278   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\deployment-checker@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on deployment-checker@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119283   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119286   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.9&#xA;1492260119286   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1492260119287   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi&#xA;1492260119291   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.5&#xA;1492260119298   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Starting async load of XPI database C:\Users\Tutu\AppData\Local\Temp\anonymous22270286133365338webdriver-profile\extensions.json&#xA;1492260119299   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\webcompat@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119300   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\webcompat@mozilla.org.xpi&#xA;1492260119302   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on webcompat@mozilla.org version 1.0&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119305   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager&#xA;1492260119306   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119313   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider&#xA;1492260119314   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence&#xA;[GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0&#xA;1492260119597   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Async JSON file read took 0 MS&#xA;1492260119597   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Finished async read of XPI database, parsing...&#xA;1492260119599   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Successfully read XPI database&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;1492260119612   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: &amp;lt;unnamed-provider&amp;gt;&#xA;*** Blocklist::_loadBlocklistFromFile: blocklist is disabled&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;1492260119717   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider&#xA;Crash Annotation GraphicsCriticalError: |[C0][GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0 (t=2.70801) [GFX1]: Potential driver version mismatch ignored due to missing DLLs 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0&#xA;&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:118)&#xA;    ... 7 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25223" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T12:27:17.107" Title="Running Firefox using selenium in Eclipse" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-14T19:55:49.367" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26765" CreationDate="2017-04-15T13:29:20.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Upgrading your graphics drivers.  Also your firefox version to be the latest.  You may need version 53 (beta)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information see &lt;a href=&quot;https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1242659&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1242659&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-15T13:29:20.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26761" CreationDate="2017-04-15T18:46:26.090" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without considering the reply &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/26761/install-chromedriver-via-package-instead-of-executable#comment31335_26761&quot;&gt;to my comment&lt;/a&gt;, I can raise some possible problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your checksum is different from the indicated in &lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/chromedriver_installer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pypi site&lt;/a&gt; (See the &quot;Installation With PIP&quot; section);&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The package build is &lt;a href=&quot;https://travis-ci.org/peterhudec/chromedriver_installer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;failing on Travis&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Chromedriver version 2.10 is &lt;a href=&quot;http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.12/notes.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;meant to run&lt;/a&gt; against Chrome version 33-36. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T20:18:03.660" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T20:18:03.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26768" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26772" CreationDate="2017-04-15T18:52:33.950" Score="1" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner to Selenium, I have started automating simple practice sites using Selenium Webdriver with java. Now I want to follow some framework for full integration testing, but I am little confused about what framework to use. I read about cucumber and junit, please help me understand the difference between these frameworks and which framework will be best suited for integrated tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25224" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T08:33:13.787" Title="Which framework is best suited for full integration test?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26768" CreationDate="2017-04-16T08:33:13.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the scope of your project requirement, if your project demands to use bdd methodology,  use can explore cucumber-jvm, . Junit is a unit testing tool which is used to build the testautomation framework,  nd where as cucumber is bdd spec where we define scenarios in terms of business requirements &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T08:33:13.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26765" CreationDate="2017-04-16T10:06:12.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Firefox with the version like 42 or 43 (find and download them all from here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/&lt;/a&gt;) if there is no hard and fast rule to use updated Firefox browser. &#xA;If you have one installed with the version more than 43, uninstall that first and install the downloaded one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19449" LastActivityDate="2017-04-16T10:06:12.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26775" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-16T19:43:27.870" Score="1" ViewCount="681" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just read articles about contract-based testing for verifying contracts between microservices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing Strategies in a Microservice Architecture&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/articles/consumerDrivenContracts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Consumer-Driven Contracts: A Service Evolution Pattern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my company our team has built a REST service (A) that is used by other applications (B, C, D, ...) of other teams. I wonder how should we implement this idea. I envision the process like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We provide other teams access to our test repository.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other teams, let say team of B, provide pull request w tests that test simulate behaviour of their application B against our contract A.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We accept their pull request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We run tests from other consumers (teams whose applications consume our service) as a part of our build.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this correct understanding? Am I missing anything?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any rule how consumer tests should look like? Should it be a real application B, C, D that calls our service or rather it should be a test that simulate those applications? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the tools supporting contract-based testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T22:41:25.047" Title="Introducing contract-based testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26776" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26777" CreationDate="2017-04-16T23:39:55.167" Score="5" ViewCount="16823" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to verify if a web page has been loaded properly. My approach is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the URL is shown as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the element at the top left most corner has been shown.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the element at the bottom right most corner has been shown.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all three criteria above are met, a page is loaded properly. My assumption is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A page is populated from top left corner to bottom right corner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is my assumption correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T06:29:45.443" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T06:29:45.443" Title="How to verify if a web page has been properly loaded or not?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26776" CreationDate="2017-04-17T02:34:40.243" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is an incorrect assumption.  A webpage loads as follows in generic terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Server content is received by the browser.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rendering begins starting with objects and then styles from a layout as in all at once and if you slowed it down you would see a pixelated progression as it took shape starting with the content areas and then the objects and then the styles for those objects.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On Load events fire during this process as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Post load events fire right after this.  When you have alot of javascript it comes over in one bulk file and then most of the time on-load and post-load events fire to fully bring in the content.  This allows for the browser to load the content for the eye to see and then javascript calls finish the content while the user is focused on the page, thus giving the appearance that it loads faster than it actually does.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the above is by application specific design, except 1 &amp;amp; 2, so it's really hard to say what is the final &quot;loading complete&quot;.  What I usually do is open up dev tools and start the traffic monitoring for the browser and then load the page.  This should break out the server communication, then the rendering, then any javascript calls.  The last items in the load traffic I dig into and see if there is a specific piece of the page that this corresponds to.  Once I have that then I put an explicit wait on that object as my &quot;page load complete&quot; test before executing anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can just wait on the general page load, but it's not guaranteed to be the final loaded element on the page.  If you have access to the code or dev help I recommend reverse tracing each page like that to be sure you have the last loaded element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T02:34:40.243" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26566" CreationDate="2017-04-17T04:35:49.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The real problem was with freemarker. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The line in the error &lt;code&gt;Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapperBuilder&lt;/code&gt; - I had an old version of freemarker that did not have the BeansWrapperBuilder class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This issue has been resolved by adding the jar file for freemarker 2.3.23, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24978" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T11:35:01.740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T11:35:01.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26780" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26802" CreationDate="2017-04-17T06:02:37.110" Score="0" ViewCount="56" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the developer tool, how can we find out which requests run in sync with the browser's execution thread, and which run out of sync in the webpage? and &#xA;To check the performance of website which requests should be included for the performance testing of the website?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25053" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-18T06:28:41.553" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T09:09:45.717" Title="How to know that which requests run in sync with the browser's execution thread, and which run out of sync?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26781" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-17T06:44:58.423" Score="-1" ViewCount="1493" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;nav-action-button&quot;));  &#xA;         Actions actions = new Actions(driver);  &#xA;         try {  &#xA;             JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;          js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);  &#xA;           actions.moveToElement(element).perform();  &#xA;           actions.click(element).perform();  &#xA;         } catch (Exception e) {  &#xA;          // throw new TestException(String.format(&quot;The following element is not clickable: [%s]&quot;, element.toString()));  &#xA;         }  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;nav-your-amazon&quot;));  &#xA;         Actions actions = new Actions(driver);  &#xA;         try {  &#xA;             JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;          js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);  &#xA;           actions.moveToElement(element).perform();  &#xA;           actions.click(element).perform();  &#xA;         } catch (Exception e) {  &#xA;          // throw new TestException(String.format(&quot;The following element is not clickable: [%s]&quot;, element.toString()));  &#xA;         }  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25230" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T11:24:54.430" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T11:24:54.430" Title="Selenium can not locate sign in button for amazon.com" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-04-17T16:40:01.387" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26781" CreationDate="2017-04-17T08:59:20.167" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just try with different locator type-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@id='nav-link-yourAccount']/span[1]&quot;)); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(.,'Hello. Sign in')]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(@class,'nav-line-1')]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Followed by adding the same code of &lt;strong&gt;Action class&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zhFdU.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zhFdU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T08:59:20.167" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26776" CreationDate="2017-04-17T10:17:53.920" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you can use pure JS to achieve this. The cross-browser way to do it in pure JavaScript is simply to test &lt;code&gt;document.readyState&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; if (document.readyState=='complete'){&#xA;      //you can do something here&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can select from either an &lt;code&gt;loading&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;interactive&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;complete&lt;/code&gt; states.  This returns a &lt;code&gt;loading&lt;/code&gt; state while the document is loading. If you only want your DOM to be ready and then start performing tests, then you can use &lt;code&gt;interactive&lt;/code&gt; state, while if you want your DOM to completely loaded, then you need to use &lt;code&gt;complete&lt;/code&gt; state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T10:17:53.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26788" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26797" CreationDate="2017-04-17T15:05:33.323" Score="1" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hei. I've done some api testing with java using restassured framework, but this doesn't seem to have a good solution for load testing. I would need a recommendation for a tool that could help me with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that the load testing will be done between &quot;users&quot;. I have 2 sets of users and I want to create tests where they communicate with each other etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &#xA;2 sets of users. Each set has 100 users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User1 from set 1 sends a message to User2 from set 2. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User2 from set 2 responds to User1 from set 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User2 will do smth etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically I need to write load tests where I test the interaction between multiple users. I want to see if the servers can handle alot of interactions going on at the same time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Restassured sadly doesn't support it and I need and alternative solution which allows me to handle these cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14624" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T09:11:47.700" Title="Api load testing with certain scenarios" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26791" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-17T15:12:21.307" Score="-1" ViewCount="2283" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to click on sign in button for amazon and used the following different locators (as advised ). There is no error message and button is not clicked. Can anyone please advise?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@id='nav-link-yourAccount']/span[1]&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(.,'Hello. Sign in')]&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(@class,'nav-line-1')]&quot;));&#xA;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;try { &#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element); &#xA;    actions.moveToElement(element).perform();&#xA;    actions.click(element).perform();&#xA;} catch (Exception e) { }&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25230" LastEditorUserId="15298" LastEditDate="2017-04-17T15:22:49.117" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T23:45:41.367" Title="Selenium cannot click Sign in button on amazon.com" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26791" CreationDate="2017-04-17T19:20:33.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are choosing the incorrect locators on the webpage to select the Sign In option. Also you should be using the move to element methods that the action class provides you, in order to hover over the menu and then bring the Sign In options visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to the element with id &lt;code&gt;nav-link-accountList&lt;/code&gt; using the &lt;code&gt;findElement()&lt;/code&gt; and then you can do something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;WebElement mainMenu = &#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;nav-link-accountList&quot;));&#xA;actions.moveToElement(mainMenu);&#xA;actions.build().perform();&#xA;&#xA;WebElement subMenu = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;span.nav-action-inner&quot;));&#xA;actions.moveToElement(subMenu);&#xA;actions.click().build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should do the trick. PS - My Java is not the best, so please take a look at the Java syntax side to see if there are any errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T19:20:33.320" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26793" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-17T19:56:50.543" Score="0" ViewCount="1432" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to access a website and run an instance of Selenium Webdriver (chromedriver to be exact) in order to automate/perform some actions (I'm creating an autocheckout bot that can find a product and will automatically purchase it). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pagesDict = {'base': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/',&#xA;                 'tops/sweaters': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/tops_sweaters',&#xA;                 'jackets': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/jackets',&#xA;                 'shirts': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/shirts',&#xA;                 'sweatshirts': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/sweatshirts',&#xA;                 'pants': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/pants',&#xA;                 'shorts': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/shorts',&#xA;                 'hats': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/hats',&#xA;                 'bags': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/bags',&#xA;                 'skate': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/skate',&#xA;                 't-shirts': 'http://www.supremenewyork.com/shop/all/t-shirts'}&#xA;&#xA;category = input(&quot;Category:\n   Available options:\n        shirts, jackets, tops/sweaters, sweatshirts, pants, shorts, hats, accessories, skate&quot;)&#xA;sauce = urllib.request.urlopen(pagesDict[category])&#xA;soup = bs.BeautifulSoup(sauce, 'lxml')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some reason, when I run my bot on a different network than my home one (such as work or school), the code runs fine. However, when I run it on my desktop at home, I get 403 error, and the page will not load 90% of the time. However, with a DNS flush, release, and renew will usually fix the problem for the next run (ONLY ONE). Then, it will continue to stop loading my pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a problem with Selenium, or how my network settings are configured?&#xA;L&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user25244" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T02:17:42.627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T14:08:42.377" Title="Getting blocked from website using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26794" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-17T21:34:53.570" Score="11" ViewCount="1282" Body="&lt;p&gt;My circumstances dictate that I have to work from home. This complicates my employment chances and I am searching for a career that is flexible. Can software testers work 100% remote? If so, how do I get there from zero experience? I live in England, so I don't know if that complicates things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25248" LastEditorUserId="4840" LastEditDate="2019-03-07T22:58:00.353" LastActivityDate="2019-03-09T08:00:24.297" Title="Remote work as a tester?" Tags="&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26794" CreationDate="2017-04-17T23:20:45.333" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yeah, it is possible. In theory, software engineers (including QA) can work from home. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All we need is a PC terminal, an online chat tool and internet access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there are several considerations to take:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have zero experience. This will seriously stop you from getting a job. Software professionals around me, who work from home, have all got a number of years working experience under their sleeves. Zero experience = unproved skills and less trust worthy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Location, working in a remote location may suggest you are in a different timezone. In software engineering, real time communication is preferred over a 12 hour (more or less) delay.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Qualification, what academic background do you have? If you have zero experience and zero qualification, your chance of getting a job in IT is next to zero. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In theory, you could:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to get freelance work from the internet, for a cheaper price or even for free. With each job you undertake, if you manage to get a good review from your customer, you can gradually build up your reputation over time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you earn yourself a good reputation as a freelancer, you will more likely to land more jobs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sorry that is all I can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-04-17T23:20:45.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26794" CreationDate="2017-04-18T01:24:27.653" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try Utest.com &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.utest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.utest.com/&lt;/a&gt; or there is another that I cannot think of off the top of my head. &#xA;I wouldnt rely on it for my sole income - but you are in England so might get more payable test invites through than me in New Zealand - and its all experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17242" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T01:24:27.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26788" CreationDate="2017-04-18T04:06:29.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any load testing tool which supports HTTP protocol and parameterization will suit, here is a shortlist:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; is kind of web service functional testing standard. It has some limited &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/load-testing/concept.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;load testing capabilities&lt;/a&gt; as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; is kind of load testing standard in free and open source software world, it is multiprotocol modular solution which &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/testing-soaprest-web-services-using-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;supports web service testing as well&lt;/a&gt;. Using JMeter you will be able to create more load and get extended reporting. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T04:06:29.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26800" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-18T07:10:58.293" Score="3" ViewCount="86332" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please help how to switch from one tab to another tab in chrome and to change focus on child tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25253" LastActivityDate="2019-06-06T10:32:14.910" Title="How to switch from one tab to another tab in chrome" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26800" CreationDate="2017-04-18T08:37:50.447" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Steps to work with tabs in the same browser:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open a new tab using Ctrl + t&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Driver control automatically switches to the newly opened tab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform the required operations here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Next switch back to the old tab using Ctrl + Tab. You need to keep pressing this unless you reach the desired tab.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once the desired tab is reached, then perform the operations in that tab.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get the current window handle and open a new tab using &lt;code&gt;Ctrl + t&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;    String windowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;body&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.CONTROL +&quot;t&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check the size of the output of &lt;code&gt;getWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then Use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ArrayList tabs = new ArrayList (driver.getWindowHandles());&#xA;    System.out.println(tabs.size());&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(tabs.get(0)); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The control is now in the new tab-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.get(&quot;Your application URL&quot;);&#xA;    //perform other operations on new tab.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Switch to the old tab using Ctrl + Tab:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.switchTo().window(mainWindowHandle);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;body&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.CONTROL +&quot;\t&quot;);&#xA;    driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=============================OR============================&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can perform the steps using Action class too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;for navigating left to right side:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions action= new Actions(driver);&#xA;action.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys(Keys.TAB).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For navigating right to left:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions action= new Actions(driver);&#xA;action.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).sendKeys(Keys.TAB).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get more details &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12729265/switch-tabs-using-selenium-webdriver-with-java&quot;&gt;check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T12:14:38.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26780" CreationDate="2017-04-18T09:09:45.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The approach should be the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure your HTTP Request samplers to download so called &quot;embedded resources&quot; from HTML pages, this will simulate real browsers behavior (1 main request to the HTML page followed by parallel requests to download images, scripts and styles). It can be done using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Defaults&lt;/a&gt; configuration element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IWhhS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IWhhS.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter HTTP Request Defaults&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here you can also exclude external resources to focus only on the application you are testing at the moment&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cache_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cache Manager&lt;/a&gt; to represent the browser cache as real browsers download these images, scripts and styles only once, on subsequent requests the resources are being returned from the disk cache. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If there are any dependent requests originating i.e. from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/xml/ajax_intro.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AJAX calls&lt;/a&gt; they need to be added manually&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/web-testing-jmeter-how-properly-handle-embedded-resources-html-responses&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Web Testing with JMeter: How To Properly Handle Embedded Resources in HTML Responses&lt;/a&gt; article for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in general there is always &lt;strong&gt;one main call&lt;/strong&gt; followed by parallel calls to embedded resources and JavaScript-driven chained calls (if any) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T09:09:45.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26806" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-18T15:30:05.393" Score="1" ViewCount="470" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using SoapUI to test WS the next way (common structure of TestCase):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Groovy script to generate data (for request compilation &amp;amp; response checking)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SOAP Request with assertions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Groovy script code example (pseudo code, just to show idea):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// variables declaration&#xA;com.eviware.soapui.support.GroovyUtils.registerJdbcDriver(&quot;oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver&quot;)&#xA;sql = Sql.newInstance(&quot;jdbc:oracle:thin:@${scriptDenServer25}:${scriptDBport}:${scriptSid}&quot;, &quot;${scriptUsername}&quot;, &quot;${scriptPassword}&quot;, &quot;oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver&quot;) &#xA;// request to DB (get one random row)&#xA;// assign data to variables&#xA;sql.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works pretty well in cycle &quot;one request after one&quot;, but when I use this TestCase in Load Test scenario there is a problem of quantitiy of connections to DB. There are as many connections as number of threads.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is there any way to avoid this &quot;spoiling of connections&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; the database open/get data/close is NOT the part of that performance measurement. It is just test/check data preparation. So idealy there should not be any time wasting for DB connection, just requests. But I need unique data &amp;amp; real data, so there is no possibility to avoid working with DB, so this part should be as less time/resources consuming as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two (as I see now) possible scenario to solve the problem (Don't know whether it is possible in SoapUI):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To get N rows at one DB connection and then go through them untill they are over, then repeat this once again. (We reduce DB connection N times, maybe...) (There should be possibility in SoapUI to call SOAP request from Groovy script - in a loop for each row)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To organize one stack (FILO) of test/check data for all threads, would be the best solution (only one connection), but still do not know whether it is possible in SoapIU.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T08:04:45.090" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T11:50:48.197" Title="How to minimize number of connections to DB in SoapUI load tests?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;groovy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26807" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-04-18T16:03:58.347" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apache Groovy is a powerful, optionally typed and dynamic language, with static-typing and static compilation capabilities, for the Java platform aimed at improving developer productivity thanks to a concise, familiar and easy to learn syntax. It integrates smoothly with any Java program, and immediately delivers to your application powerful features, including scripting capabilities, Domain-Specific Language authoring, runtime and compile-time meta-programming and functional programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Groovy is an object-oriented, agile and dynamic language for the Java Virtual Machine. It builds upon the strengths of Java but has additional power features inspired by languages like Python, Ruby and Smalltalk. It makes modern programming features available to Java developers with almost zero learning curve. It can be used as a scripting language for the Java Platform. &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groovy_(programming_language)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;From wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Flat learning curve:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concise, readable and expressive syntax, easy to learn for Java developers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Powerful features:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Closures, builders, runtime &amp;amp; compile-time meta-programming, functional programming, type inference, and static compilation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Smooth Java integration:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seamlessly and transparently integrates and interoperates with Java and any third-party libraries&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Domain-Specific Languages:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Flexible &amp;amp; malleable syntax, advanced integration &amp;amp; customization mechanisms, to integrate readable business rules in your applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vibrant and rich ecosystem:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web development, reactive applications, concurrency / asynchronous / parallelism library, test frameworks, build tools, code analysis, GUI building&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scripting and testing glue:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Great for writing concise and maintainable tests, and for all your build and automation tasks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Latest Version: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.groovy-lang.org/download.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2.5&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T04:25:15.557" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T04:25:15.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26808" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-04-18T16:03:58.347" Score="0" Body="Groovy is an object-oriented programming language for the Java platform. It is a dynamic language with features similar to those of Python, Ruby, Perl and Smalltalk. It can be used as a scripting language for the Java platform." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T04:25:09.530" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T04:25:09.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26806" CreationDate="2017-04-18T16:05:46.673" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Re-written based on updated question&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a singleton pattern with the DB connection information and then call all the SOAPUI tests passing in the data connection parameters as utilized.  This allows each test to get the database connection as currently defined, but it only returns the first connection opened to all tests calling for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's hard to write the code for you though as we don't have the soapui data call part or the groovy part.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some references to how to write this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7612520/groovy-singleton-pattern#7612582&quot;&gt;Groovy Singleton Pattern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeproject.com/articles/820414/automating-soapui-using-groovy-a-walk-through&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoupUI and Groovy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T14:48:01.797" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26810" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26820" CreationDate="2017-04-18T16:34:19.620" Score="1" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to have hands on Accessibility automation testing. I would like to know if there are any best free tools available to start with?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see projects in the GIT hub but no information about which IDE to use to import the project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any free IDE available to import and  access the automation project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12531" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T02:02:32.350" LastActivityDate="2019-05-22T10:56:54.687" Title="Free tools for Accessibility testing automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26794" CreationDate="2017-04-18T17:26:27.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're in a very tough spot.  At this point, you have no experience, so there's no way for a potential employer to evaluate your skills/potential.  In addition, software development/test benefits a great deal from having developers and testers having frequent interaction, ideally face to face.  It would be very difficult for you to gain experience relative to someone who is able to work in person.  And it's very hard to learn test skills in isolation; the amount of documentation/instruction available for testing is minuscule compared to development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have significant experience, and a proven track record, then working from home/remotely is more feasible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, honestly, I would suggest thinking about a different career.  It would be a lot easier to become a work-from-home developer, assuming you can find a niche you can fill, than a work-from-home tester.  Looking at what's available on utest, some of them look sort of scammy, but none of them look like a sustainable career path, and the ones that do seem to offer any decent amount of money require prior experience, sometimes extensive prior experience.  A lot of them require living in a specific place, or traveling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, if you really want to pursue this career path, you could look into testing open source projects.  If you choose a project that has a substantial number of developers from a company, and can prove your ability to find bugs in said project, you &lt;em&gt;might&lt;/em&gt; be able to leverage that into a career, but I wouldn't count on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-04-18T17:26:27.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26812" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-18T20:18:34.023" Score="0" ViewCount="1982" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title is my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a link like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;http://192.168.0.199/api/users/confirm-register/86fd8faa8fc23a2c4c5203fae252c3d02458093f&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;http://192.168.0.199/api/&#xA;&amp;lt;wbr&amp;gt;&#xA;users/confirm-register/&#xA;&amp;lt;wbr&amp;gt;&#xA;86fd8faa8fc23a2c4c5203fae252c3&#xA;&amp;lt;wbr&amp;gt;&#xA;d02458093f&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that the part after &quot;/confirm-register/&quot; is generated every time and is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can i click on it? &#xA;Keep in mind we know the href starts with &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://192.168.0.199/api/users/confirm-register/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://192.168.0.199/api/users/confirm-register/&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and there is no id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: There is a sentence before this link and other after which both are static. (If that helps someway) Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Here is some text&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Here is another text&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also contained in a table thats in another table and so on, but those tables have no id or name, only style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe if find the cell or table that contains both texts and then click on w/e link there is in it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25268" LastEditorUserId="19383" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T11:22:41.523" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T18:56:14.010" Title="How to click on a link with dynamic href with cucumber watir?" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26813" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-19T06:37:17.280" Score="3" ViewCount="134" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have developed a Windows application using Winforms. Now we are trying to convert it to Universal Windows Platform (UWP) using desktop to appx bridge. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to test this app and I'm new to UWP. I know I have to test all the app functions and make sure they work the same way as the original application, but I need to know what to look for that is specific to UWP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are there any test scenarios that only happen with UWP, and if there are, how do I test for them?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25125" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T11:29:54.140" LastActivityDate="2021-04-06T21:05:00.530" Title="What are important test scenarios specific to Universal Windows Platform (UWP) application?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;windows-10&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26815" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-19T08:51:46.123" Score="0" ViewCount="1113" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in Selenium and now I am automating a search page. This is scenario. There list page and pagination, If there a module and contain the list of each entires. 1 to 5  pages are there. Each list page has a search field.  If there two name field like name and addrees. When I enter first charater of the name and then click on search. then display that paricular names will list. And also it will display from the 1 to 5 page contain names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In manually I will do like check the cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search the first character of the name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search the full character of that name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;search the first, second, third, fourth... upto last character&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know how to automate this scenario... there is a pagination.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether I search for character like &quot;T&quot;.  It may be in the 3 rd page.  And it will display on the list.  So how to automate the above scenario?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T16:17:08.823" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T16:17:08.823" Title="How to automate a search page?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26816" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-19T09:24:16.357" Score="0" ViewCount="1281" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my test framework, I have a &lt;code&gt;DriverInitializer&lt;/code&gt; class that initializes the &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; instances (instead of initializing it on every class). The page object classes extend this class to access the &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm getting a &lt;code&gt;nullpointer&lt;/code&gt; exception thrown while trying to access the &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; instance. See &lt;code&gt;void&lt;/code&gt; method &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;init_webdriver_wait&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DriverInitializer {&#xA;&#xA;    protected WebDriver driver;&#xA;    protected WebDriverWait wdw;&#xA;    protected final long timeInSeconds = 30;&#xA;&#xA;    public DriverInitializer(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebDriver getDriver() {&#xA;        return driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public PropertyConfig goToHome() {&#xA;        PropertyConfig pc = new PropertyConfig(driver);&#xA;        pc.getAppUrl();&#xA;&#xA;        return pc;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void init_webdriver_wait() {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            wdw =  new WebDriverWait(driver, timeInSeconds);    &#xA;        }&#xA;        catch(Exception e) {&#xA;           // This error message is being triggered&#xA;           // and always says that the WebDriverWait instance is null.&#xA;           System.out.println(&quot;Error in DriverInitializer &quot; + e.getMessage());&#xA;        }       &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my second class, the &lt;code&gt;LandingPage&lt;/code&gt; page factory class, I extended the &lt;code&gt;DriverInitializer&lt;/code&gt; class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public class LandingPage extends DriverInitializer {       &#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.LINK_TEXT, using=&quot;REGISTER&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement register_link;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(how=How.LINK_TEXT, using=&quot;LOGIN&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement login_link;&#xA;&#xA;    public LandingPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;        PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void locate_register_link() throws InterruptedException {&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            init_webdriver_wait();      &#xA;            if(wdw != null) {&#xA;                // Sample check if the WebDriverWait instance is null.&#xA;                wdw.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(register_link));&#xA;                Thread.sleep(3000); &#xA;            }&#xA;            else {&#xA;                // This error message is triggered.&#xA;                // It says that the WebDriverWait instance is null.&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;WDW is null -&amp;gt; LandingPage.java&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch(Exception e) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Error in LandingPage =&amp;gt; &quot; + e.getMessage());&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does it always return a null pointer exception on my &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; instance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T19:40:42.337" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T19:40:42.337" Title="NullPointerException while accessing WebDriverWait instance" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26524" CreationDate="2017-04-19T09:27:19.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on Windows based application and as per my experience I came across this situation many times. For few bugs some time simulation was medium and sometime low.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the best way to verify whether the bug got resolved is try to understand the bug i.e Discuss it with developer try to understand the cause of that bug (after giving the bug demo) and once it is resolved ask him (Developer) about the solution and then perform the reproduction(simulation) steps for few times and also some scenario related to latest fix. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets consider following mentioned example,&#xA;     While testing one of the video surveillance application I came across one crash. It was simulating when user was trying to listen live audio for specific webcam. But simulation was very rare. Some how I gave the problem demo to one of the developer with proper stack trace.We tried to get the exact simulation through stack trace but we didn't as simulation was very rare. So at last through stack trace developer understood the problem and cause was related to start state of audio device. So he applied some lock at start and stop audio device. After understanding the solution I was left with scenarios to test whether application is getting hung while adding, removing, starting and stopping webcam. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25125" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T09:27:19.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26810" CreationDate="2017-04-19T10:09:31.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start at the w3C site for accessibility: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/standards/webdesign/accessibility&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/standards/webdesign/accessibility&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Review &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/accessibility.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/accessibility.php&lt;/a&gt; for more details and then for tools review see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/WAI/impl/software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/WAI/impl/software&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools and website are listed at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/WAI/eval/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/WAI/eval/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your most basic free tool is &lt;a href=&quot;https://validator.w3.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://validator.w3.org/&lt;/a&gt; where you can put in any public web address and get a report.  The hard part is that there will frequently be a lot of issues that are not important to you.  It can easily be 90% noise to 10% signal so you need to determine which issues that it reports are relevant for your business and your users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I searched again for info in tools - turned out to be quite hard to separate out information that addresses usability of the tools themselves, by the developer, from usability of what the tools are building for use by end-users (what we are interested in), but here's what I found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;intelliJ Rubymine&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/resharper/docs/JetBrains_ReSharper_VPAT.docx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.jetbrains.com/resharper/docs/JetBrains_ReSharper_VPAT.docx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Eclipse:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclipse.org/articles/Article-Accessibility/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.eclipse.org/articles/Article-Accessibility/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;ASP.NET - Visual Studio&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=MadsKristensen.WebAccessibilityChecker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=MadsKristensen.WebAccessibilityChecker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also find the following tool useful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deque.com/products/axe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.deque.com/products/axe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;aXe is a free, open-source accessibility testing tool that runs right in your web browser.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Screen Readers&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/17048/8992&quot;&gt;Standard for accessiblity testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T11:44:04.767" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T11:44:04.767" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16359" CreationDate="2017-04-19T10:37:39.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package First;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Dimension;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class isElementOnViewPort {&#xA;&#xA;    static ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String arges[]) {&#xA;        // System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&#xA;        // &quot;/Users/vilas.kolhe/Downloads/geckodriver-v0.19.1-win64/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        // RemoteWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        // WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.manage().window().getSize();&#xA;&#xA;        boolean x = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@title='Get Selenium']&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;        boolean y = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//img[@id='footerLogo']&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;x- &quot; + x+ &quot;   y- &quot;+y);&#xA;&#xA;        isElementOnViewPort elementOnViewPort = new isElementOnViewPort();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        elementOnViewPort.elementIsVisibleOnUI(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@title='Get Selenium']&quot;)));&#xA;        elementOnViewPort.elementIsVisibleOnUI(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//img[@id='footerLogo']&quot;)));&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;        // driver.get(&quot;https://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//      String x = &quot;success&quot;;&#xA;//      String duplicateChars = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;//&#xA;//      for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; x.length(); i++) {&#xA;//&#xA;//          int j = x.split(x.charAt(i) + &quot;&quot;).length;&#xA;//&#xA;//          String arr[] = x.split(x.charAt(i) + &quot;&quot;);&#xA;//          if (j &amp;gt; 2) {&#xA;//              duplicateChars = duplicateChars + x.charAt(i);&#xA;//          }&#xA;//      }&#xA;//      System.out.println(duplicateChars);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public returnMulltipleValues fetchPosOfEleOnViewPort(WebElement webElement) {&#xA;        // String x = &quot;{top=2165, left=593, bottom=2180, width=27, right=620,&#xA;        // height=15}&quot;;&#xA;        // int topIndex = x.indexOf(&quot;top=&quot;);&#xA;        // waitForPageLoaded();&#xA;        // ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        // Taking position of object on view point&#xA;        Object posObject = ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;return arguments[0].getBoundingClientRect();&quot;,&#xA;                webElement);&#xA;&#xA;        // Converting it to string to fetch x,y, top, bottom of object&#xA;        String position = posObject.toString();&#xA;        //System.out.println(position);&#xA;        int posFromTop = 0;&#xA;        int posFfromLeft = 0;&#xA;        int EquilsSignCount = 1;&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; position.length(); i++) {&#xA;            String number = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;            if (position.charAt(i) == '=') {&#xA;                for (int j = i; j &amp;lt; position.length(); j++) {&#xA;                    Character character = position.charAt(j);&#xA;            //      System.out.println(&quot;position.charAt(j) &quot; + position.charAt(j));&#xA;                    if (character.isDigit(character)) {&#xA;                        number = number + position.charAt(j);&#xA;                    } else if (position.charAt(j) == ',' || position.charAt(j) == '.') {&#xA;                        break;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    i = j;&#xA;                }&#xA;                if (number != &quot;&quot;) {&#xA;                    if (EquilsSignCount == 1) {&#xA;                        posFromTop = Integer.parseInt(number);&#xA;                    } else if (EquilsSignCount == 2) {&#xA;                        posFfromLeft = Integer.parseInt(number);&#xA;                    } else if (EquilsSignCount &amp;gt;= 2) {&#xA;                        break;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    EquilsSignCount++;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                // Point x= driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;&quot;)).getLocation();&#xA;                // x.getX();&#xA;                // x.getY();&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        //System.out.println(posFromTop + &quot;-&quot; + posFfromLeft);&#xA;&#xA;        return new returnMulltipleValues(posFromTop, posFfromLeft);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     public boolean elementIsVisibleOnUI(WebElement webElement) {&#xA;            returnMulltipleValues returnMultipleValues= fetchPosOfEleOnViewPort(webElement);&#xA;            int xCoorddinate =returnMultipleValues.getTopPos() ;&#xA;            int yCoordinate = returnMultipleValues.getLeftPos();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            Dimension Windowdimension = driver.manage().window().getSize();&#xA;&#xA;            if (xCoorddinate &amp;lt; Windowdimension.getHeight() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; yCoordinate &amp;lt; Windowdimension.getWidth() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; xCoorddinate&amp;gt;0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; yCoordinate&amp;gt;0) {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Visible&quot;);&#xA;                return true;&#xA;            }&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Not visible&quot;);&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // public boolean elementIsVisibleOnUI(WebElement webElement) {&#xA;    // returnMultipleValues returnMultipleValues=&#xA;    // fetchPosOfEleOnViewPort(webElement);&#xA;    // int xCoorddinate =returnMultipleValues.getTop() ;&#xA;    // int yCoordinate = returnMultipleValues.getLeft();&#xA;    //&#xA;    // Dimension Windowdimension = config.driver.manage().window().getSize();&#xA;    // if (xCoorddinate &amp;lt; Windowdimension.getWidth() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; yCoordinate &amp;lt;&#xA;    // Windowdimension.getHeight() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; xCoorddinate&amp;gt;0 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; yCoordinate&amp;gt;0) {&#xA;    // System.out.println(&quot;Visible&quot;);&#xA;    // return true;&#xA;    // }&#xA;    // System.out.println(&quot;Not visible&quot;);&#xA;    // return false;&#xA;    // }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package First;&#xA;&#xA;public class returnMulltipleValues {&#xA;&#xA;    int topPos;&#xA;    int leftPos;&#xA;&#xA;    //Parameterized constructor to return two values.&#xA;    public returnMulltipleValues(int topPos, int leftPos) {&#xA;        this.topPos = topPos;&#xA;        this.leftPos = leftPos;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public int getTopPos() {&#xA;        return topPos;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public int getLeftPos() {&#xA;        return leftPos;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25280" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-28T13:19:56.940" LastActivityDate="2018-02-28T13:19:56.940" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26823" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-19T12:00:21.177" Score="0" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to automate and verify password authentication using selenium and java: password should be accept minimum 6 char with at least one number and one special char are must require ?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25282" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T12:17:24.160" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T16:06:11.013" Title="Verifying password restrictions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26823" CreationDate="2017-04-19T12:14:23.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Random people on the Internet can't tell you what your password policy should be.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you own defining the policy, you should know there there are different schools of thought on password restrictions; see for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/29836/what-are-good-requirements-for-a-password&quot;&gt;https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/29836/what-are-good-requirements-for-a-password&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a tester, you should ask for the policy the software is supposed to enforce.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T12:14:23.610" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26816" CreationDate="2017-04-19T12:24:50.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`try{&#xA;         init_webdriver_wait();&#xA;         if(wdw != null){ // sample check if the webdriverwait instance is null&#xA;            wdw.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(register_link));&#xA;            Thread.sleep(3000);`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess would be that wdw is null because you never set a value to that variable.  Could you try:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;WebdriverWait wdw = init_webdriver_wait();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T12:24:50.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26827" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26823" CreationDate="2017-04-19T13:51:16.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically you will check if the application behaves correctly when valid and invalid passwords are tried.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When using a valid password, the system goes to the landing screen/page;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When using a invalid password, the system displays same error message (and maybe logs the event in a logging database);&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check a description of scenarios that I wrote for validating a login page &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Openredu/Openredu/pull/49/files#diff-d392af37bbf2fc7b8e3bd9e1000109e8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can either use a fixed set of valid and invalid passwords or generate the inputs using a modal-based testing tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mukatee/osmo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OSMO&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-04-19T14:01:28.743" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T14:01:28.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26815" CreationDate="2017-04-19T13:59:47.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only issue here is performance versus maintainability:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - If you want better performance, you would setup your database so that you will know exactly where your result will appear. In this case, you would perform the search and go directly to the page where the result is. If the SUT changes in a way that your result would end up in another page, you would have to update your test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - If you want protection against changes, you can perform a dumb validation in each page after searching, checking if your result in present in &lt;strong&gt;some page&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T13:59:47.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26829" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-19T14:42:09.200" Score="4" ViewCount="5694" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading the differences between defect, error, bug and failure. I found a website that says about them. Are these correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“&lt;strong&gt;A mistake in coding is called error, error found by tester is&#xA;  called defect,  defect accepted by development team then it is called&#xA;  bug , build does not meet the requirements then it Is failure.&lt;/strong&gt;”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error:&lt;/strong&gt; A discrepancy between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and the true, specified, or theoretically correct&#xA;  value or condition. This can be a misunderstanding of the internal&#xA;  state of the software, an oversight in terms of memory management,&#xA;  confusion about the proper way to calculate a value, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Failure:&lt;/strong&gt; The inability of a system or component to perform its required functions within specified performance requirements. See:&#xA;  bug, crash, exception, and fault.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bug:&lt;/strong&gt; A fault in a program which causes the program to perform in an unintended or unanticipated manner. See: anomaly, defect, error,&#xA;  exception, and fault. The bug is terminology of Tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fault:&lt;/strong&gt; An incorrect step, process, or data definition in a computer program which causes the program to perform in an unintended&#xA;  or unanticipated manner. See: bug, defect, error, exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect:&lt;/strong&gt; Commonly refers to several troubles with the software products, with its external behavior or with its internal features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: Click &lt;a href=&quot;https://tfortesting.wordpress.com/2012/09/03/difference-between-defect-error-bug-failure-and-fault/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T12:06:41.583" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T12:13:36.270" Title="Difference between defect, error, bug, failure" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26812" CreationDate="2017-04-19T15:16:52.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use xpath to find the element based on the part of the href you know&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(@href,'api/users/confirm-register/')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24133" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T15:16:52.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26829" CreationDate="2017-04-19T15:18:24.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As with most testing terminology it depends on the company, person and or industry. It is a means to communicate. When in doubt ask what people mean with it within its context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me &lt;strong&gt;bugs&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;defects&lt;/strong&gt; are the same. Bugs are something from the 40ties &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_bug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;according to Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;featuring a dead moth that was removed from the device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would push for calling all bugs defects instead, because dead animals do not anymore block computer systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coding mistakes are just coding mistakes, they could cause &lt;strong&gt;errors&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An 'error' is a deviation from accuracy or correctness. A 'mistake' is&#xA;  an error caused by a fault: the fault being misjudgment, carelessness,&#xA;  or forgetfulness. Now, say that I run a stop sign because I was in a&#xA;  hurry, and wasn't concentrating, and the police stop me, that is a&#xA;  mistake. If, however, I try to park in an area with conflicting signs,&#xA;  and I get a ticket because I was incorrect on my interpretation of&#xA;  what the signs meant, that would be an error. The first time it would&#xA;  be an error. The second time it would be a mistake since I should have&#xA;  known better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For build failures. Hmm. I think if the build cannot build it is a build &lt;strong&gt;failure&lt;/strong&gt;. When it does not meet its requirements it just a defect, or an improvements depending on its &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/quality-functions/the-zero-bug-policy-b0bd987be684&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;classification&lt;/a&gt;. Calling it a failure does not add a lot of value. Still it might fail as a product, because its requirements were not met, but is the build a failure? Only time will tell, maybe the requirements were wrong to start with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So from my perspective that quote you found on a website is not correct, but I think I could also create an argument for it being valid. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T15:18:24.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26832" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-19T16:06:09.720" Score="0" ViewCount="454" Body="&lt;p&gt;As on the image i have record some steps using Selenium IDE.&#xA;st i click on the &lt;code&gt;Add Time Entry Link&lt;/code&gt;. And it will open a pop up.&#xA;In side the pop up there are some fields to add values.&#xA;But when i run the selenium test case using the IDE it says&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Element not found&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how to resolve this issue.I have manually&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sxzhL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sxzhL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; add &lt;code&gt;Pause&lt;/code&gt; but no luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is how the HTML code looks like&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9J2zA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9J2zA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T02:39:04.390" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T06:33:10.267" Title="Element not found on Selenium IDE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26832" CreationDate="2017-04-19T21:00:22.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that the first select for &lt;code&gt;EmployeeComboBox&lt;/code&gt; works but it then gets stuck on &lt;code&gt;Work_DateTextBox&lt;/code&gt; I would try adding another wait between them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend not using the recorder at all.  Better to step through the form or workflow manually creating steps one by one using good practices for identifying elements uniquely and using waits and switch window appropriately.  The seleniumIDE is a powerful tool if you write the steps and expectations carefully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-19T21:00:22.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26834" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-20T03:21:00.383" Score="0" ViewCount="1646" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a situation where I have to check the download link to make sure when someone clicks the link download is going to kick off and the product will be downloading, Is there anyway that we can do that using Selenium WebDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24355" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T16:16:49.137" LastActivityDate="2019-07-05T15:43:23.663" Title="Testing a download link using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26829" CreationDate="2017-04-20T07:44:30.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;ISQTB foundation level material states the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A human being can make an &lt;strong&gt;error&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;em&gt;mistake&lt;/em&gt;), which produces a &lt;strong&gt;defect&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  (&lt;em&gt;fault&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;bug&lt;/em&gt;) in the program code, or in a document. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If a defect in code is executed, the system may fail to do what it&#xA;  should do (or do something it shouldn't), causing a &lt;strong&gt;failure&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Defects in software, systems or documents may result in failures, but&#xA;  not all defects do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you read this definition carefully, I think it is pretty self-explanatory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25296" LastEditorUserId="25296" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T07:54:05.120" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T07:54:05.120" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26806" CreationDate="2017-04-20T08:07:06.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have solved that very same issue that you're having by creating a special &quot;Data&quot; repository test suite within soapUI. Each test case within that suite is a separate database connection/connections that fetch the necessary test data required in requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works because by preparing all the necessary test data up front you minimize the data connections that are run up against the database in the load test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you do is run the data pool once and then run the load test for as long as you please.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only problem that I foresee is that you need additional database data for system integration testing as you mentioned &lt;em&gt;response checking&lt;/em&gt;? But why would you have that as a part of your load test in the first place? Because if you need to do that, then you're out of luck. But I'm not quite sure you really do need to :) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;other option is to do it all within your load test and loop around the test case performing requests with a counter and then fetching more data every now and then from the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25296" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T08:07:06.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18511" CreationDate="2017-04-20T08:10:04.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/libraries/BuiltIn.html#Set%20Test%20Variable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Set Test Variable&lt;/a&gt; as the previous answer mentioned. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This keyword : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Makes a variable available everywhere within the scope of the current test.&#xA;  Variables set with this keyword are available everywhere within the scope of the currently executed test case. For example, if you set a variable in a user keyword, it is available both in the test case level and also in all other user keywords used in the current test. Other test cases will not see variables set with this keyword.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11199" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T08:10:04.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-20T09:07:38.527" Score="0" ViewCount="183" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to export some test cases from &lt;strong&gt;TestLink&lt;/strong&gt; to &lt;strong&gt;SilkCentral&lt;/strong&gt;. Is there any way to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25297" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T22:05:49.893" LastActivityDate="2019-05-31T04:09:47.480" Title="Export tests from TestLink to SilkCentral" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;&lt;silktest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26841" CreationDate="2017-04-20T09:34:04.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did a quick Google search and you can export the tests from TestLink into an XML format. You can then open this XML with Excel and use the Office Import capability in Silk Central to import the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25299" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T09:55:45.387" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T09:55:45.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26844" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-20T12:25:15.213" Score="1" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/articles/consumerDrivenContracts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Consumer-Driven Contracts: A Service Evolution Pattern&lt;/a&gt; presents the idea of contracts verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how detailed is the contract?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is the contract defining only a syntax of requests/responses? Like WSDL in the case of SOAP Web services.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or does it describes also the order of messages, i.e., the protocol? e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5wAFx.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5wAFx.gif&quot; alt=&quot;FIPA-Subscribe-Protocol&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or does it define also the behaviour of a system? In other words if I send request R and system is in state S I should receive response W? For instance, if I send a request to buy two monitors and the shop has only one monitor I should get negative but when I request only one monitor I should receive a receipt?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-04-20T13:27:36.680" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T16:29:44.587" Title="What contract is in consumer-driven contract testing?" Tags="&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26834" CreationDate="2017-04-20T15:25:12.867" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a similar test case that was clicking the &quot;Export to Excel&quot; button on a page and then verify that a file was downloaded. Here is the POM method I wrote (it's in C# but changing it to Java shouldn't be too difficult):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public string ExportToExcel()&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Get the default downloads folder for the current user&#xA;        string downloadFolderPath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.UserProfile) + &quot;\\Downloads&quot;;&#xA;        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(downloadFolderPath);&#xA;        // Delete all existing files&#xA;        foreach (FileInfo file in di.GetFiles())&#xA;        {&#xA;            file.Delete();&#xA;        }&#xA;        // Delete all existing directories&#xA;        foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in di.GetDirectories())&#xA;        {&#xA;            dir.Delete(true);&#xA;        }&#xA;        // Click &quot;Export to Excel&quot; button&#xA;        this.btnExportToExcel.Click();&#xA;        // Wait for the download&#xA;        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1500);&#xA;        // Verify file exists in Downloads folder&#xA;        FileInfo[] TXTFiles = di.GetFiles(&quot;*.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;        if (TXTFiles.Length == 0)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return &quot;No files present&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            return &quot;&quot;;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in the Test method, use it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.IsEmpty(MyPomExample.ExportToExcel());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Assert checks that the string is empty. If not, the test fails and the string is printed when the exception is thrown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T15:25:12.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26823" CreationDate="2017-04-20T16:06:11.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would use a regex pattern match. I'm not a guru in this, but there seems to be a good answer in SO &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19605150/regex-for-password-must-be-contain-at-least-8-characters-least-1-number-and-bot&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To save the extra click, @Srinivas' closest answer is:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Minimum 8 characters at least 1 Uppercase Alphabet, 1 Lowercase Alphabet, 1 Number and 1 Special Character:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;^(?=.&lt;em&gt;[a-z])(?=.&lt;/em&gt;[A-Z])(?=.&lt;em&gt;\d)(?=.&lt;/em&gt;[$@$!%&lt;em&gt;?&amp;amp;])[A-Za-z\d$@$!%&lt;/em&gt;?&amp;amp;]{8,}&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will take some playing with, but that should get you what you are after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T16:06:11.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26844" CreationDate="2017-04-20T16:29:44.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the risk of sounding sarcastic, &lt;strong&gt;yes and no&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The consumer and provider contracts must define the syntax of requests and responses. If there are dependencies (indicating that the service is probably rather more tightly coupled to other elements than it should be), those must also be defined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conceptually and ideally &lt;em&gt;each request/response pair should be independent&lt;/em&gt; so that if you are requesting information only available to a known user of the service, the request/response definition includes requiring some authentication token in the request and data returning only if the authentication token passes validation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given independence of request/response pairs, the flow of a transaction is driven &lt;em&gt;entirely&lt;/em&gt; by the consumer. To use your example of requesting quantity 2 of widget X:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User requests 2x widget X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consumer requests 2x widget X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provider returns 2x widget X not available&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consumer decides whether the message is a failure (hard break) or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A different consumer might choose to implement a different flow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User requests 2x widget X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consumer requests quantity widget X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provider returns 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consumer notifies user that only 1x widget X can be ordered.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both are valid consumer contracts with the same provider contract. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T16:29:44.587" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26812" CreationDate="2017-04-20T18:56:14.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for link text is always fragile, for you depend both on the SUT and the linked application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most stable feature in your elements are the classes, so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[contains(@class, 'class_name') a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or the prefibable way, using CSS Selectors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div.class_name a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it would be interesting create a test to validate the &lt;strong&gt;link itself&lt;/strong&gt;, using the code indicated by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/26830/12740&quot;&gt;JSmith&lt;/a&gt;. The test for the redirection on clicking is a different one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-20T18:56:14.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26849" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-21T03:42:49.633" Score="2" ViewCount="4500" Body="&lt;p&gt;I try to test simple HTTP request with below setting.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KVqrl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KVqrl.png&quot; alt=&quot;Simple HTTP Request&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The response I get is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response code: Non HTTP response code: java.net.URISyntaxException&#xA;Response message: Non HTTP response message: Illegal character in user info at index 7: &lt;a href=&quot;http://[UserName&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://[UserName&lt;/a&gt;:$$MyPass@@@www.URL.com]:8080/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the error reason is []. As we can see in Server Name or IP is explicitly not added. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my question is What is the reason Browser add extra [] in my URL &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22100" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T04:59:40.783" Title="Add extra character in URL" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26849" CreationDate="2017-04-21T04:59:40.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't put anything but server DNS hostname or IP address into the &quot;Server Name or IP&quot; input field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you look into &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reserved Characters&lt;/a&gt; section of URL specification you will see the list of characters which cannot be present in the URL: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;reserved    = gen-delims / sub-delims&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;gen-delims  = &lt;code&gt;&quot;:&quot; / &quot;/&quot; / &quot;?&quot; / &quot;#&quot; / &quot;[&quot; / &quot;]&quot; / &quot;@&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;sub-delims  = &lt;code&gt;&quot;!&quot; / &quot;$&quot; / &quot;&amp;amp;&quot; / &quot;'&quot; / &quot;(&quot; / &quot;)&quot;&#xA;                / &quot;*&quot; / &quot;+&quot; / &quot;,&quot; / &quot;;&quot; / &quot;=&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if your URL contains any of the above characters it needs to be escaped via &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__urlencode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__urlencode() function&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Passing credentials in URL is not secure, I would recommend using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Authorization_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Authorization Manager&lt;/a&gt; instead, check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-http-basic-authentication-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use HTTP Basic Authentication in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for details. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are uncertain regarding how to simulate this or that browser call in JMeter - just record it using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T04:59:40.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26853" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-21T08:25:58.480" Score="1" ViewCount="11260" Body="&lt;p&gt;My TestNG test implementation throws an error despite the expected value matches with the actual value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the TestNG code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int rowCount=driver.findElements(By.xpath(prop.getProperty(&quot;xpath&quot;))).size();&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(rowCount,prop.getProperty(&quot;row[]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got the the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.AssertionError: expected [5] but found [5]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25316" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T08:52:28.677" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T09:04:36.783" Title="TestNG--java.lang.AssertionError: expected [5] but found [5]" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26853" CreationDate="2017-04-21T09:04:36.783" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are comparing an int to a string. Try converting the type before comparing the values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test&#xA;{&#xA;    public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        Integer rowCount = 1;&#xA;        String stringValue = &quot;1&quot;;&#xA;//      Assert.assertEquals(rowCount,stringValue); //this fails&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(rowCount,Integer.valueOf(stringValue)); //this passes&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T09:04:36.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26858" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26275" CreationDate="2017-04-21T09:23:18.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What Flavio Barisi said, with the addition of the capabilities you pass to your driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;--start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; prefs = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;();&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;profile.password_manager_enabled&quot;, false);&#xA;options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;prefs&quot;, prefs);&#xA;&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);&#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25312" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T09:23:18.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26859" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-04-21T09:30:38.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Monitoring is the act of looking on the processes or systems for performance, supervision and surveillance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Мonitoring can serve various purposes, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;providing feed back to the team and the other required stakeholders about the progress of the testing efforts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;provide the project team or any associated members with visibility about the test results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;finding and tracking the test metrics (measure the status of the testing, test coverage and test items against the exit criteria to determine whether the test work is done)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gather data for use in estimating future test efforts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Technically it could be any system/test feature or characteristic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;metrics to identify the problems and send an alert message to the administrator (e.g. network administrator);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;log real-time and historical information;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;monitor the number of users on a network;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;monitor network traffic (either in real time or covering a given length of time of operation with the analysis performed afterwards);&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T13:08:17.970" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T13:08:17.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26860" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-04-21T09:30:38.033" Score="0" Body="Monitoring is the act of looking on the processes or systems for performance, supervision and surveillance." OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T13:08:13.477" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T13:08:13.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26861" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-21T09:36:54.373" Score="2" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;In 2009 I was following a workshop about QA and received the TMap next book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BkoWr.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BkoWr.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I would like to know more about testing and would like to know whether this book is still aligned with nowadays IT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On Amazon several newer books were found including:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/9072194969&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.amazon.com/End-end-testing-TMap-Next/dp/9072194969/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1492766884&amp;amp;sr=8-2&amp;amp;keywords=tmap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/9072194934&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.amazon.com/TMap-Next-Business-Driven-Managament/dp/9072194934/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1492766884&amp;amp;sr=8-3&amp;amp;keywords=tmap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tmap.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TMap's official website&lt;/a&gt; indicates that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TMap is Sogeti’s prominent testing approach since 1995. Keeping up&#xA;  with changing businesses and technology, TMap has now developed into&#xA;  the TMap Suite. The TMap Suite is thé body of knowledge for&#xA;  professional testing of today and tomorrow. The items of our TMap&#xA;  Suite give you all the guidance you need to meet the testing and&#xA;  quality challenges in your specific information technology&#xA;  environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The latest addition to the TMap Suite is TMap HD - Human Driven. This&#xA;  approach to testing is quality driven to meet with the challenges of&#xA;  modern, agile organizations. TMap HD is described in the novel “Neil’s&#xA;  Quest for Quality”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The link to TMap indicates that the latest version of the books dates from 2014, but no overview was found of differences between certain versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21027" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T14:59:12.110" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T15:19:22.060" Title="Is the TMap next book from 2006 still aligned with nowadays IT?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;tmap&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26861" CreationDate="2017-04-21T12:00:11.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is some useful and relevant information but it is very high level and seems a bit dated.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just before Agile starting sweeping through the development world and as a result, seems to focus more on checking after things have been built - the traditonal role of 'QA', rather than the 'prevent errors in the first place by being embedded in the development teamn' approach that has become widely (though not universally) accepted as a good development practice in the Agile Development world that now dominates application development (based on survey at large nationwide software development conferences - Techwell, Star, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does provide free excel checklists that have some good ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T12:25:23.253" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T12:25:23.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26720" CreationDate="2017-04-21T13:04:42.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AssertJ&lt;/a&gt; which has the expected assertion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertThat(duration).isCloseTo(expectedDuration, offset(10));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23406" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T13:04:42.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26646" CreationDate="2017-04-21T13:43:06.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check the DTD of the file in order to understand what you are allowed to do: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, you can add test cases without problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;firefox&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;listener class-name=&quot;org.uncommons.reportng.HTMLReporter&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;listener class-name=&quot;org.uncommons.reportng.JUnitXMLReporter&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/listeners&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;./Suite1.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;./Suite2.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;        ...&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classses&amp;gt;&#xA;    ...&#xA;&amp;lt;test&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23406" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T13:43:06.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26865" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-21T15:39:07.877" Score="1" ViewCount="318" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, I can see the tests written like that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void shouldDoX() throws SomeCustomException {&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think throwing custom exceptions is an anti-pattern because it makes analysis of the test harder: it is not clear whether test should be skipped or failed. Skipping a test means certain preconditions for a test has not been satisfied. For instance, skipping authentication test doesn't mean that authentication does not work but, for instance, that a test user does not exist in a database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A proposed pattern is to throw either an exception subclassing &lt;code&gt;AssertionError&lt;/code&gt; (failure) or an exception subclassing &lt;code&gt;SkipException&lt;/code&gt; (skipping).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you agree?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T15:56:08.627" LastActivityDate="2017-04-22T03:13:53.937" Title="Is throwing custom exceptions by test an anti-pattern?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8508" CreationDate="2017-04-21T17:23:06.757" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anti&lt;/strong&gt;-patterns in Test Automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using implicit waits&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Recorded playback&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using brittle, layout based selectors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not isolating test data between tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not consistently using Page Objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; have negative assertions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using assertions mid-way through a test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeating parts of tests due to the same setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not considering the Sad path of user entering invalid data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Forcing all tests to go through all pages in complex workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assuming that test automation cover accessibility and usability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using cryptic names and acronyms in test and suite descriptions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not considering optional workflows for both happy and sad flows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only testing 1 browser and assuming that other browsers work fine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not using Page Helpers to DRY up and name common code sections&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using general assertions like &lt;code&gt;have_css&lt;/code&gt; over specific ones like &lt;code&gt;have_button&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bullet Points that gradually get longer as you scan your eyes down the full page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say that I've made every mistake in this list when starting out, before I knew better so I think they all meet your criteria of 'seemed ok initially'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-21T17:44:48.677" LastActivityDate="2017-04-21T17:44:48.677" CommentCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-04-21T17:23:06.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26609" CreationDate="2017-04-22T00:20:23.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my personal experience in transitioning from the go-to user support specialist to a more QA-heavy role, I found my involvement in QA and testing activities continue to increase and evolve over time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding the QA process/workflow -&gt; how it fits in the end-to-end SDLC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing detailed bug reports -&gt; managing issue tracking system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating user stories and test cases -&gt; test plans and strategies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reviewing tech specs -&gt; contributing/collaborating with developers and engineers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performing exploratory, ad-hoc tests -&gt; functional, acceptance, smoke, regression testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Building empathy with developers/engineers/PMs/BAs and gaining a deep understanding of all the moving parts required to build &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking back, my foray into QA was pretty informal and organic. Areas I wish I had more formal, in-depth training and guidance in were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Crash course in Quality Assurance 101 (back to basics/fundamentals, key concepts and industry terminology)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More coaching/mentorship from in-house QA specialists, developers/engineers, and networking opportunities around my community (online/offline)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge of and exposure to leading QA/Software Testing resources readily available (though this can be discovered through self-education initiatives if the individual is self-motivated)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transparency and insight into prospective career paths/tracks for up-and-coming QAs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25330" LastActivityDate="2017-04-22T00:20:23.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26868" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="41746" CreationDate="2017-04-22T03:01:34.593" Score="1" ViewCount="2082" Body="&lt;p&gt;On test failure Nunit will only show evaluated expected and actual conditions. There is no way to tell which Assert failed if you have multiple asserts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Expected: True&#xA;But was: False&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that we can pass messages to the assert, which will be shown on failure. But this means that every time I write an assert I need to write a unique message as well, which is time consuming and will require additional maintenance when updating tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an easier way to show which assert failed by including the Assert statement within the failed statement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example, something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Expected: True&#xA;But was: False&#xA;&#xA;On: Assert.That(User.HasProducts, Is.True)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22575" LastActivityDate="2019-12-04T02:33:24.993" Title="NUnit3: Log assert description when it fails" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26869" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26865" CreationDate="2017-04-22T03:13:53.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally I wrap the test step in a error handling mechanism that either throws the error and kills the test or it proceeds to the next step even if it fails.  The test log records the failure, but the rest of the steps get executed so that the other functionality can be tested too.  The step then passes a true/false depending on the nature of the step which would then either fail over and kill the test or move on to the next step anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From a code standpoint it won't be able to determine if it's a serious error or a minimal one so you have to put some intelligence in the test step to go along with it in order to determine if you can continue should the assertion fail or if you need to stop all together.  From a coding standpoint if it fails it's dead regardless of the failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general Selenium is executed on a Unit Test framework which would make any error a failure unless that is the actual goal.  If it's c# you can catch everything generically and then spit out the exact text, with java you have to catch the unique errors that are possible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I often throw a unique error with specific text based on the framework itself when someone doesn't utilize the framework properly, but that is totally up to the automation developer.  If you utilize custom errors be very consistent and consider creating an error framework so that it's universal and easy to trace back to the source issue that triggered the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-22T03:13:53.937" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26871" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-23T04:01:47.533" Score="-1" ViewCount="10984" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;&#xA;public class className {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        WebDriver driver;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.geckodriver&quot; , &quot;F:\\geckodriver-v0.15.0-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;&amp;lt;URL&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;&amp;lt;first field&amp;gt;&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;          //This line through the error&#xA;        WebElement a= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;&amp;lt;id&amp;gt;&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;&amp;lt;abc&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;&amp;lt;second field&amp;gt;&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;&amp;lt;field name&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;&amp;lt;xyz&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in this program, the following line throws an error as &lt;em&gt;Type mismatch: cannot convert from void to WebElement&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;New to automation. Help is greatly needed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25338" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-04-23T11:51:03.440" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T11:55:24.470" Title="Type mismatch: cannot convert from void to WebElement" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26871" CreationDate="2017-04-23T04:50:34.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This error is thrown because of the in the following line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement a= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;&amp;lt;id&amp;gt;&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;&amp;lt;abc&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are declaring a variable of type &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; here, but calling &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; method which &lt;code&gt;returns void&lt;/code&gt;. Remove the &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; method call from the line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write the code like -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement a = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;&amp;lt;id&amp;gt;&quot;));&#xA;a.sendKeys();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24769" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-04-23T18:52:09.290" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T18:52:09.290" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26868" CreationDate="2017-04-23T07:32:23.270" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I would spit out an output log as well as the general test value.  Then you can see the failure and go check the log.  You can clear the log each time you run the test.  Remember it's a unit test framework, not a test automation framework.  Unit tests usually are very specific and not running tons of assertions all at once.  The goal would be 1 assertion per unit test or only grouped assertions if any of them cause the failure of a specific function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could throw a custom message for each one as you mention if you like, but if you spit a standard log function out for each step and append the file it with specific data from each assertion, you can include the content of the assertion to get each failure of step and just look at the log when you need to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;like call the log to append a line and include text like &quot;[&lt;em&gt;unit test name&lt;/em&gt;]_Assertion: [&lt;em&gt;variable.tostring()&lt;/em&gt;]&quot; with the variable being what it is you were trying to assert against.  Literally spit out the text, it should mean something to you with the unit test name reference in front of it so you can see if 30 assertions exist and 3 fail you should get an idea of which ones from that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Replace the standard assert function with your custom one that logs and then returns the true/false value so it works the same for every assertion.  Naturally you would need to write your own assert class that ties back into the framework though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ask this on regular Stack Overflow as this is now a dev question based on comments&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I customize NUnit in order to write my own Assert class method that has more information in it and then tie that back into the existing NUnit framework?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone done this before and can anyone post examples to help me get started on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. Search on there first as that may already be there in various format as some of the questions overlap.  You can then delete this question from here as it's now &quot;off-topic&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T11:51:18.937" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T11:51:18.937" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26874" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-23T15:16:52.953" Score="1" ViewCount="281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am preparing myself for ISTQB exam and I came across this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For the code fragment given below, which answer correctly represents&#xA;  minimum tests required for statement and branch coverage respectively?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Discount rate=1;&#xA;Fare = 1000;&#xA;If ((person == “senior citizen”) and (“travel month = January”))&#xA;Bonuspoints = 100+Bonuspoints&#xA;If (class==”first”)&#xA;discountRate = .5;&#xA;Fare = fare * discountRate;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;a. Statement Coverage = 1, Branch Coverage = 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;b. Statement Coverage = 2, Branch Coverage = 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;c. Statement Coverage = 1, Branch Coverage = 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;d. Statement Coverage = 2, Branch Coverage = 4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answer is &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my answer is &lt;strong&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; the reason is flowchart I draw for it given below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Straight forward from start to end&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One false for 1st 'if'&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;second false for 2nd 'if'&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/anqgD.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/anqgD.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Flow chart&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should we draw an edge 'explicitly' for 'false' condition, if it is not given in question itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How branch coverage is 3 here ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25341" LastActivityDate="2017-04-23T15:16:52.953" Title="what is branch coverage?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-25T22:34:48.493" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26875" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-23T16:15:25.130" Score="2" ViewCount="1722" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using JMeter to run a performance test. One of the &quot;rest&quot; requests keeps failing ever other request so I added a &lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt; controller to handle this issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__javaScript((&quot;${success}&quot;.indexOf(&quot;token_expiration_date&quot;) == -1 &amp;amp;&amp;amp; ${Auth_2} &amp;lt; 3),)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I captured part of the success response with a Regular Expression and added a counter so the &lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt; controller will run only 2 times for the same request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Auth_2 --&gt; Counter Reference name .....&#xA;  success --&gt; Regular Expression .....&#xA;  token_expiration_date --&gt; part of success response &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My script runs fine if I get a success response, but otherwise, the loop will exit after the second request as defined in the counter and start over again in an endless loop. Below is part of the test result in the latter case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why is my loop restarting after the second request?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5u7j8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5u7j8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/supFT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/supFT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25344" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T13:26:30.047" LastActivityDate="2018-12-16T01:01:15.237" Title="Stuck in endless loop in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-21T11:52:25.123" Score="4" ViewCount="831" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand, &lt;strong&gt;code review&lt;/strong&gt; is to look for language/framework best practices, uniform conventions, guidelines and optimization paths. A while ago, I was peer reviewing code in scrum team and had some hot talk with my scrum master (She is QA too) as she insist me to look at COA (Criteria Of Acceptance) as well and check code functionality as per COA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I believe: &lt;strong&gt;In future, if someone looks at some block of code and feels WTF, then &lt;em&gt;Code Reviewer&lt;/em&gt; is responsible more than implementer.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I blurred on the responsibility of code reviewer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25348" OwnerDisplayName="Bishnu Rawal" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T23:37:23.510" Title="Should code reviewer read user story COAs?" Tags="&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26877" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-23T18:38:30.317" Score="0" ViewCount="632" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is my Build.xml file. I am trying to execute my TestNG.xml through Build.xml but I am getting the below error every time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[testng] Cannot find class in classpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The below file is working fine till the compile target. I guess there are some issues with the code written in exec target. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried resolving the issue by a number of methods that I found on stackoverflow such as: Cleaning the project, updating the TestNG library but it didn't work out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody help me on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;lib&quot; value=&quot;./lib&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;property name=&quot;bin&quot; value=&quot;./bin&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;path id=&quot;Sample Ant build.classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pathelement location=&quot;${output}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${lib}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;include name=&quot;**/*.jar&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;init&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;delete dir=&quot;${bin}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/delete&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${bin}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;compile&quot; depends=&quot;init&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;javac srcdir=&quot;${src}&quot; &#xA;         destdir=&quot;${bin}&quot;&#xA;        includeantruntime=&quot;false&quot;   &#xA;         debug=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classpath refid=&quot;Sample Ant build.classpath&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/javac&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Runs the file and generates Reportng report for TestNG--&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;taskdef name=&quot;testng&quot; classname=&quot;org.testng.TestNGAntTask&quot; classpathref=&quot;Sample Ant build.classpath&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;exec&quot; depends=&quot;compile&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;mkdir dir=&quot;${testng_report_dir}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;testng outputdir=&quot;${testng_report_dir}&quot; classpathref=&quot;Sample Ant build.classpath&quot; useDefaultListeners=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;xmlfileset dir=&quot;${basedir}&quot; includes=&quot;Testng.xml&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/testng&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25343" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T03:31:47.057" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T03:31:47.057" Title="Execute TestNG.xml file from Build.xml(ANT)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26878" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T03:29:46.160" Score="1" ViewCount="710" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my project I have to build an IPA file ASAP after developer committed the changes to TFS and then I have to test the IPA file which I have built.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do that I have to build the project by &quot;&lt;code&gt;Ionic Build IOS&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, then open it using Xcode, and then have to archive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only then I can get the IPA file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better way to do it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T16:46:08.240" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T17:16:41.603" Title="How to continuously build and release IPA files for testing" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;build&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26876" CreationDate="2017-04-24T05:02:51.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned in comments, SCRUM is a process/methodology for executing functional work and not in the weeds on what &quot;proper&quot; work is/isn't.  That being said there are certain checkpoints that need to be adhered to and I think you are touching on some of those, so this answer is scoped more to the touch points of reviews during SCRUM and not detailed specifics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each Backlog item should have acceptance criteria prior to being developed against.  It should have also gone through a sprint planning activity.  As the team is responsible for each piece of functionality collectively, then the following should happen for each piece of functionality:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developed for release by end of sprint&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code Reviewed according to coding standards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functionality reviewed/verified (code, testing, demonstration) according to description in backlog and acceptance criteria verification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sprint Review of fully verified content.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the above being said and the full team working it, someone should compare the developed code to the acceptance criteria in a code review and QA should test the coded functionality against the acceptance criteria to ensure it functions to spec.  The Product Owner will also review in the sprint review to ensure they are happy with the fully implemented and verified functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as &quot;who does what&quot; the SCRUM master should be aligning skill sets with task activities to best utilize each skill set in the team to the make the best team possible for producing the best product possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short if the SCRUM master thinks you should be the one to do it, then there is probably a good reason for it.  Discuss with your SCRUM master if you have any concerns or believe that a particular task item is better suited elsewhere.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Should someone compare acceptance criteria during a code review?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Absolutely&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Is that someone QA or another Dev or Sys Eng?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ask the SCRUM Master for assignments.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW - Reviewer makes comments and implementer should be responsible for fixing it...so not following the &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What I believe: In future, if someone looks at some block of code and feels WTF, then Code Reviewer is responsible more than implementer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;comment.  Especially seeing the implementation should be based on the backlog item with acceptance criteria just like the reviewer is basing the review on...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T05:02:51.637" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26880" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T05:19:47.363" Score="1" ViewCount="225" Body="&lt;p&gt;My client doesn't have a full requirement document but they want their software delivered anyway. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I go about designing tests for the client, and how should I test their product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate examples using something basic like a login page or forgot password module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T16:41:50.330" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T11:30:23.873" Title="How do I test when I have incomplete requirements" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26881" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26883" CreationDate="2017-04-24T06:41:02.123" Score="1" ViewCount="217" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am login as the administrator in the MantisBT I have assign developer bug. But if how will developer change the status of the bug which is assign by the tester or admin in MantisBT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OahlC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OahlC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T14:10:40.983" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T14:10:40.983" Title="How to change status if the bug is solve which is assigned by the administrator in MantisBT?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;mantis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15316" CreationDate="2017-04-24T08:56:34.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;input[type=&amp;quot;range&amp;quot;]&lt;/code&gt;, following keyword &lt;code&gt;Set Range&lt;/code&gt; can be used. I have tested this with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/code/tryit.asp?filename=FEXUIFH94YGB&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; HTML and the used the attached test case for testing the keyword. Just add the following code snippet in &lt;code&gt;Selenium2Library/keyword/_element.py&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;import math&lt;/code&gt;, time library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import math&#xA;import time&#xA;&#xA;def set_range(self, locator, val):&#xA;# The adjustment helper to drag the slider thumb&#xA;    def adjust(deltax):&#xA;        if deltax &amp;lt; 0:&#xA;            deltax = int(math.floor(min(-1, deltax)))&#xA;        else:&#xA;            deltax = int(math.ceil(max(1, deltax)))&#xA;        ac = ActionChains(self._current_browser())&#xA;        ac.click_and_hold(None)&#xA;        ac.move_by_offset(deltax, 0)&#xA;        ac.release(None)&#xA;        ac.perform()&#xA;&#xA;    el = self._element_find(locator, True, True)&#xA;    minval = float(el.get_attribute(&amp;quot;min&amp;quot;) or 0)&#xA;    maxval = float(el.get_attribute(&amp;quot;max&amp;quot;) or 100)&#xA;    v = max(0, min(1, (float(val) - minval) / (maxval - minval)))&#xA;    width = el.size[&amp;quot;width&amp;quot;]&#xA;    target = float(width) * v&#xA;    &#xA;    ac = ActionChains(self._current_browser())&#xA;    &#xA;    # drag from min to max value, to ensure oninput event&#xA;    ac.move_to_element_with_offset(el, 0, 1)&#xA;    ac.click_and_hold()&#xA;    ac.move_by_offset(width, 0)&#xA;    &#xA;    # drag to the calculated position&#xA;    ac.move_to_element_with_offset(el, target, 1)&#xA;    &#xA;    ac.release()&#xA;    ac.perform()&#xA;    &#xA;    # perform a binary search and adjust the slider thumb until the value matches&#xA;    minguess = 0&#xA;    maxguess = 0&#xA;    while True:&#xA;        curval = el.get_attribute(&amp;quot;value&amp;quot;)&#xA;        if float(curval) == float(val):&#xA;            return True&#xA;        prev_guess = target&#xA;        if float(curval) &amp;lt; float(val):&#xA;            minguess = target&#xA;            target += (maxguess - target) / 2&#xA;        else:&#xA;           maxguess = target&#xA;           target = minguess + (target - minguess) / 2&#xA;        deltax = target-prev_guess&#xA;        if abs(deltax) &amp;lt; 0.5:&#xA;            break # cannot find a way, fallback to javascript.&#xA;    &#xA;        time.sleep(0.1) # Don't consume CPU too much&#xA;    &#xA;        adjust(deltax)&#xA;    &#xA;    # Finally, if the binary search algoritm fails to achieve the final value&#xA;    # we'll revert to the javascript method so at least the value will be changed&#xA;    # even though the browser events wont' be triggered.&#xA;    &#xA;     # Fallback&#xA;    self._current_browser().execute_script(&amp;quot;arguments[0].value=arguments[1];&amp;quot;, el, val)&#xA;    curval = el.get_attribute(&amp;quot;value&amp;quot;)&#xA;    if float(curval) == float(val):&#xA;        return True&#xA;    else:&#xA;        raise Exception(&amp;quot;Can't set value %f for the element.&amp;quot; % val)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the test case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; *** Settings ***&#xA;&#xA;Documentation  TC1: A test case to set range&#xA;&#xA;Resource       common_resource.txt&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;&#xA;A test case to set range&#xA;    Open Browser  url=https://www.w3schools.com/code/tryit.asp?filename=FEXUIFH94YGB&#xA;    Click Element  css=button[onclick=&amp;quot;submitTryit(1)&amp;quot;]&#xA;    Select Frame  css=iframe#iframeResult&#xA;    Wait Until Page Contains Element  css=input[type=&amp;quot;range&amp;quot;]&#xA;    Set Range  css=input[type=&amp;quot;range&amp;quot;]  8&#xA;    Set Range  css=input[type=&amp;quot;range&amp;quot;]  20&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.usetrace.com/selenium-how-to-automate-html5-input-range-element-on-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium: How to automate html5 input range element on Webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11199" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-08T07:56:48.053" LastActivityDate="2021-01-08T07:56:48.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26881" CreationDate="2017-04-24T09:01:52.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In picture there is 'Edit', 'Assign To' and 'Change Status To:' button on bottom left.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Select the developer or tester from  'Assign To' drop down list and 'Change Status To:' Reopen/Closed/Review/ etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18187" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T09:01:52.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26884" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26876" CreationDate="2017-04-24T09:46:30.690" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Of-course, understanding the goal of an user-story before coding review gives a lot of context. In an Scrum team I would expect all team-members to already understand the acceptance criteria as everyone was part of the Sprint planning session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still actively verifying the (user/customer level) acceptance criteria of an user-story does not seem something I would pursue in a code-review sessions, as code-reviews are more about code-structure, readability, maintainability, knowledge-sharing, security and maybe even test-ability (I would check test code-coverage). Exceptions would be the cases of system level functionality where the whole story is technical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would argue that code-reviews is not a functional review. Although a good functional look at classes and code-responsibility might make sense, certainly in sensitive domains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In future, if someone looks at some block of code and feels WTF, then&#xA;  Code Reviewer is responsible more than implementer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Agile (e.g. Scrum) you should hold the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/articles/whole-team&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;whole team&lt;/a&gt; responsible. If they notice &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TechnicalDebt.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical-debt&lt;/a&gt; like this they should pay-up. &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Refactor the code&lt;/a&gt; and adapt their process to prevent it in the future. Blaming someone is useless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T11:43:34.490" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T11:43:34.490" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12329" CreationDate="2017-04-24T09:47:29.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's pretty simple, assuming you have your android SDK properly set up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps to follow: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to the terminal (command line)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then type &lt;code&gt;aapt d --values badging &amp;lt;path-to-apk-name&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will basically print out the info out of the androidmanifest.xml file.&#xA;You can locate the &lt;strong&gt;package name&lt;/strong&gt; at the top of the contents of the file displayed.Then if you scroll further down the screen, you will find &lt;strong&gt;launchable-activity&lt;/strong&gt;, which displays the name the name of the main activity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. - If you have any further doubts, feel free to contact me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24877" LastEditorUserId="24877" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T08:56:03.657" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T08:56:03.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T09:50:35.540" Score="0" ViewCount="4825" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a web page which having 3 web elements with 3 enable buttons and all buttons having same Xpath.so my need is to click on the button A and print the title of the webelement on every login and logout operation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25349" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T10:18:52.923" LastActivityDate="2020-12-25T22:11:58.640" Title="How to handle web element(enable button) having same Xpath?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26886" CreationDate="2017-04-24T10:57:46.837" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my case, How I worked on this same scenario:&#xA;Suppose if you have 3 buttons with the same XPath-like in my DOM:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; id=&quot;button&quot; value=&quot;Edit&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; id=&quot;button&quot; value=&quot;Edit&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; id=&quot;button&quot; value=&quot;Edit&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best option to overcome this situation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. By XPath indexing option:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;(//input[@type='submit'])[0]&quot;)  ---&amp;gt; To Click 1st Button&#xA;By.xpath(&quot;(//input[@type='submit'])[1]&quot;)  ---&amp;gt; To Click 2nd Button&#xA;By.xpath(&quot;(//input[@type='submit'])[2]&quot;)  ---&amp;gt; To Click 3rd Button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;XPath = &quot;//input[@id='button' and @value='Edit'][0]&#xA;XPath = &quot;//input[@id='button' and @value='Edit'][1]&#xA;XPath = &quot;//input[@id='button' and @value='Edit'][2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. BY generating &lt;em&gt;Absolute XPath&lt;/em&gt; from starting Node to Descent Node:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;html/body/div[1]/form[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[2]/input[0]&#xA;html/body/div[1]/form[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[2]/input[1]&#xA;html/body/div[1]/form[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[2]/input[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Use of List web elements:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    String cssSelectorOfBtn=&quot;input[type='submit'][id='button']&quot;; &#xA; //****Add cssSelector of your 1st webelement&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; button =driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(cssSelectorOfBtn));&#xA;    button.get(0).click();&#xA;    button.get(1).click();&#xA;    button.get(2).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if it works...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T06:06:16.590" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T06:06:16.590" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26888" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T11:55:56.533" Score="0" ViewCount="2455" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to API Testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any template for test case creation for API testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other advice on how to write a Testcase for API Testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25352" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-04-24T16:44:13.650" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T16:44:13.650" Title="API Testing - Test Cases" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-04-25T01:09:51.943" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26875" CreationDate="2017-04-24T13:02:48.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most likely your &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Counter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Counter&lt;/a&gt; configuration is not correct, looking into the screenshot I fail to see &lt;code&gt;${Auth_2}&lt;/code&gt; above 2 so second part of your &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#While_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;While Controller&lt;/a&gt; expression will never be &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So make sure your Counter configuration looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PY6lF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PY6lF.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Counter Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and your test should start working as expected. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-counter-jmeter-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use a Counter in a JMeter Test&lt;/a&gt; article to learn more about generating incremented values in JMeter test using Counter configuration element and function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T13:02:48.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26888" CreationDate="2017-04-24T14:23:29.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There might be some &quot;best practices&quot; for testing certain API kinds, but most of the time you test API like and other interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An &quot;add user&quot; API should be tested the same way as a &quot;add user&quot; UI control, and only then some more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T14:23:29.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26892" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26877" CreationDate="2017-04-24T14:37:16.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just resolved this issue. The problem was in the &lt;code&gt;classpath&lt;/code&gt; that I had set in the &lt;code&gt;build.xml&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;path id=&quot;classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;pathelement location=&quot;${bin}&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${lib}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;include name=&quot;**/*.jar&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25343" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T03:31:40.397" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T03:31:40.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26888" CreationDate="2017-04-24T16:38:35.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there are some unit test guidelines, but for interface testing I have always found the best approach is to think of it exactly like a standard functional test and indicate all the data communication points.  Once you have that you then abstract the &quot;how to interact&quot; part that would then target all the data communication points via the approved communication pathways which might be a single point or multiple points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you provide API specifics it would be easier to answer, but I find the approach above a solid approach for layering a standard functional approach with an interface verification approach that most testers can easily follow.  I personally like to start the other way, but that's cause I have a development background as well.  Usually I find testers can start at the top and work down easier though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, once you have your test get development to review and tell you if the test accounts for 100% of the available communication pathways, or are their edge cases and layered approaches that are not accounted for.  In general there should be a spec for it that should tell you all your connections, but it's always good to be sure there isn't anything hidden underneath and forgotten on the spec.  If you can read code, getting access and looking yourself is fun(for me) to do, but whatever works best for you and your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-24T16:38:35.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26894" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T18:37:22.730" Score="1" ViewCount="2113" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;nav-item&quot; ng-reflect-ng-class=&quot;nav-item,&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;a class=&quot;nav-link&quot; href=&quot;javascript:void(0);&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;By Coordinator &amp;amp;amp; Salesman&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!--bindings={}--&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;nav-item&quot; ng-reflect-ng-class=&quot;nav-item,&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;a class=&quot;nav-link&quot; href=&quot;javascript:void(0);&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;By Branch&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!--bindings={}--&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;nav-item active&quot; ng-reflect-ng-class=&quot;nav-item,&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;a class=&quot;nav-link active&quot; href=&quot;javascript:void(0);&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Selling Branches&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!--bindings={}--&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the above code i need to click on the &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; items:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click on 'Selling branch' and verify data is loaded and any error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click on 'By Branches' and verify data is loaded without any error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best approach to write locator using protractor/js?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24305" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T04:15:06.117" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T06:01:31.193" Title="How can I locate the navigation element by text?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26896" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-24T22:39:18.720" Score="1" ViewCount="2116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have xPath which returns &lt;code&gt;boolean:true&lt;/code&gt; instead of finding an element on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test page has a table with 2 columns and multiple rows. I'm testing if the rows have correct values. Below is the sample xPath where I'm checking the values for a given row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//tr[@class='af_table_data-row']//span[text()='To be Reviewed']&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;//span[text()='1']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In firebug, this returns &quot;&lt;code&gt;boolean:true&lt;/code&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm lost on how can I read in Selenium. If I try to find as an element and then cast to boolean, it shows error as inconvertible types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24271" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T08:29:14.680" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T22:19:55.120" Title="How to handle xPath returning Boolean instead of element?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26880" CreationDate="2017-04-25T04:35:41.627" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do I test when I have incomplete requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like you normally would. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll never have &lt;em&gt;complete&lt;/em&gt; requirements, there will always be some information missing or things you don't know ahead of time. That's one of the reasons why we test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How should I go about designing tests for the client, and how should I test their product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirements testing is just one technique for testing. There are many others, like functional testing, scenario testing, performance testing, load testing, domain testing, etc. Any good job of testing will involve many techniques, not a singular one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to make your own decisions and ask questions to determine what your information objective is. Once you understand what information you are after you can decide how to test and what techniques you'll use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T04:35:41.627" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26896" CreationDate="2017-04-25T07:10:53.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the HTML below. The XPath in your question is checking whether there exists a tr-element in your HTML anywhere (because of the //), with the class 'af_data_table-row', that contains a span anywhere in the tr-element with text 'To be Reviewed' AND a span anywhere in the tr-element that contains the text '1'. Such an element exists, thus the value returned is true. By combining the the two span elements your XPath query with the &lt;code&gt;and&lt;/code&gt; its result becomes a boolean result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you just want to get the two spans and check their values individually you could use the XPath: &lt;code&gt;//tr[@class='af_table_data-row']/td/span&lt;/code&gt;. That will return an array with the 2 span elements. You can then write 2 separate checks to check the values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, consider that your original XPath already does enforce that the correct values are in the spans, so by checking for true as a return value from that it also does the check you are looking for, albeit in a less verbose way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;af_table_data-row&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;To be Reviewed&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T07:10:53.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26900" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T07:48:24.160" Score="0" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;1)How can I install the package in Testcomplete tool, Where I have to install. When I Run the application it got failed. The First step itself it got failed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jl6ca.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jl6ca.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25145" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T16:17:02.507" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T16:17:02.507" Title="How can I install the package in TestComplete?" Tags="&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26901" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T07:50:14.387" Score="2" ViewCount="3527" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you anyone explain the What is Bug leakage with example and how to avoid bug leakage in software product development?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2019-08-23T07:47:43.893" Title="How to avoid bug leakage in the Software Product" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26902" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T07:53:27.670" Score="5" ViewCount="1463" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scenario: I want to test a new functionality in the system &quot;login and verification&quot;. I assume that developers have done the unit and integration test, and I am just doing a system test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do companies (that want to do things right) tend to separate tests for API using one tool (like soapui, that will later let you do performance tests) and then write separate tests in another tool like Selenium for the web interface? Or do people tend to do just the web testing automation because if there is a problem, the tests will show it anyway? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I particularly want to know why companies would have both API tests and web tests when this causes duplication of effort.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25367" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T11:22:25.513" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T07:44:17.130" Title="What reasons would companies have to use web testing (Selenium) and API testing (SoapUI) for the same functionality?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;front-end&gt;&lt;back-end&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26903" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T08:02:44.760" Score="0" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to break my application not with user load any other scenario's so that i can able to break my application in Performance testing. Suggest me some scenario's which i can use for my load test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25368" LastEditorUserId="25368" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T09:59:43.830" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T10:27:08.097" Title="Most innovative Ways to break system(application) in performance testing" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;loadrunner&gt;&lt;blazemeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-04-25T23:05:20.220" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T08:13:40.670" Score="2" ViewCount="1487" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think I understand the difference between the two, and I've found a lot of resources that explain the difference between the two, but I haven't found any explanation of why you should have one or the other or both. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's my current thoughts. You start with test cases as a simple way to cover the detailed functional requirements, which you can do before any software is written. However, given the application, it's probably more efficient to execute a realistic test procedure that groups test cases, and explicitly states how to do that with the actual application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sound about right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow up question: Do a lot of organizations use both? From my research, it seems like a lot of organizations stop at the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UPDATE: My definition of the terms &quot;test case&quot; and &quot;test procedure&quot; are primarily influenced by the book &lt;strong&gt;Systematic Software Testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25369" LastEditorUserId="25369" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T06:19:38.913" LastActivityDate="2021-02-19T15:01:25.523" Title="Why separate test cases and test procedures?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26902" CreationDate="2017-04-25T08:29:17.520" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, this is typically done in a commercial context, but it does not need to be exactly as described.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you already noticed, developers should write unit tests. Those tests as you probably know only test the smallest distinguishable things in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Higher up there should be integration tests - either as an extension to the unit tests or maybe in the form of testing the API. If the integration tests directly call the APIs, I would assume that they aren't written by a tester, but by a developer. If the tester is focused on testing the functionality, the APIs are not his main concern. If the tester has a more technical role, then they could be one of his responsibilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You as an (automated) tester write automation web tests via Selenium. That should be the highest level in terms of testing, as it tests all features combined. These tests will call a lot of APIs, but not through the APIs directly, but through the web interface. As that is another layer on top of the APIs, this is not the best place to specifically test the APIs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The advantages of having three levels of automated testing is that you are able to test on each level specifically what functionality is added. The unit tests tests each function, the API tests test whether the APIs work as expected, and the Selenium tests are mimicking the behaviour of a real user. Without the API tests you are tempted to write more Selenium tests to cover the APIs as well, with the disadvantage that the Selenium tests typically require more maintenance and more time to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another advantage is that API tests are more easily setup as performance tests: running the API tests on 100 machines with 100 calls per second is much easier than doing the same thing with Selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Concluding: in my opinion having three levels of automated tests has a lot of advantages. Of course, it implies duplication of effort, but I do believe that it is worth the effort. It is also possible to have a more technical person (maybe even a developer) write the API tests, so that you as a tester already have a better feeling of the quality before you even look at it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22660" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T08:29:17.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26903" CreationDate="2017-04-25T10:27:08.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not be trying to &quot;break&quot; the application, the targets of the performance testing could be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check whether your application is capable of handling &lt;strong&gt;anticipated&lt;/strong&gt; load, i.e. if you expect 1000 concurrent users you should test if your application can handle 1000 concurrent users providing reasonable response times without any errors. This is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load Testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The next step could be checking if your application is capable of handling &lt;strong&gt;prolonged&lt;/strong&gt; load, i.e. simulate 1000 concurrent users and leave the test running for several hours or even days. This is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soak_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Soak Testing&lt;/a&gt; and this way you will be able to identify any &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_leak&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;memory leaks&lt;/a&gt;, not closed threads, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If above testing types are successful you might want to determine the boundaries of your application capacity, i.e. determine how many concurrent users in total it will be able to serve, what are the limits, what is the first bottleneck (i.e. system starts running out of CPU/RAM/Disk, database is slow, network throughput is not enough, application code is not optimal, etc.). To determine the breaking point you should gradually increase the load from zero to the point when you will not be happy with the response times and/or throughput or the errors start occurring. Once you reach this point analyze the results and determine the root cause of the performance problem. This is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stress Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/why-%E2%80%98normal%E2%80%99-load-testing-isn%E2%80%99t-enough&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Why ‘Normal’ Load Testing Isn’t Enough&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed information on the above techniques. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T10:27:08.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26908" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26880" CreationDate="2017-04-25T11:30:23.873" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;But, there are ALWAYS requirements - even if they are not formally documented. They may take some time to discover and list, but they exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, look for general requirements and work to document them. Some of these requirements come from previous versions of the application, some come from generally accepted usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, interview the project manager or developers and find out what they intend to do with this release. Document the intentions and use them as requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, writing all of this up as assumptions can go a long way toward gaining a consensus as to the &quot;real requirements&quot; you can use to test against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once the system is at all testable, do some exploratory testing. As you find &quot;undocumented features&quot;, add them to the list of topics to be discussed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find out if the product is internally consistent. (This is an area I find to be very useful) Even if I know nothing at all about a product, I assume it must be consistent within itself, and within the environment in which it must operate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for external standards within which the product must operate. If it is a tax or accounting program - tax law must prevail and generally accepted accounting principles must apply. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/there-are-always-requirements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;There are ALWAYS requirements&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T11:30:23.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26909" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T13:35:11.983" Score="1" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to test the mobile app battery conusmption on my android device .How do i check it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25374" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T07:58:31.037" Title="I want to test the battery consumption of mobile app on android device .Can anyone help?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-26T08:33:10.870" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T13:40:39.277" Score="2" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone share information on who to setup new SQA department in an organisation? Multiple Development group exist and most of the QA job has been performed by developer themselves. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25375" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T15:24:41.173" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T15:24:41.173" Title="Creation of SQA function" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-26T02:55:22.317" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26910" CreationDate="2017-04-25T13:54:27.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty big question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, the Test Manager (or a variation of the name) would setup the testing function and, depending on the organisation (and budget), could be outsourced or done by a third party.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there's no dedicated QA within the organisation now, I'm going to assume there's no budget either. Have you considered going straight to UAT? It's not a perfect solution, but your application would be tested. It'd still need a test coordinator / UAT lead... as my current client's finding out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within the test team itself, you might have several members with differing specialisms; functional, non-functional, automation, performance, security, etc., covering the different phases; system, system integration, regression, etc. with different methodologies; V-Model, Waterfall, Agile, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My point is: It's not easy, or cheap. You'll need lots of time and direction from the business. I'm not sure if we'll be able to give you a definitive answer here, unfortunately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T13:54:27.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26912" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T14:16:19.510" Score="0" ViewCount="513" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;agText&quot; class=&quot;ag-header-cell-text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span style=&quot;height: 100%;&quot;&amp;gt;Coordinator&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var cordinator = element(by.cssContainingText('#agText &amp;gt; span','Coordinator'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24305" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T04:15:12.627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T04:15:12.627" Title="How can I find text for span within span?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26913" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-25T14:16:54.337" Score="0" ViewCount="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not asking if the load and web testing tool is good.  Please don't start a flame war.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have load test results that I been to make available to others, some with versions of VS without load testing and some without any VS IDE at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like this isn't easy and to do so I'd have to create my own bespoke solution in order for others to explore the data as I can on VS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a (reasonably simple) way to allow other consumers of the data to explore it as I can without buying everyone a license for the Enterprise edition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems that using this tool isn't too useful if all my data is jailed and requires a fair bit of new development to jail break it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5523" LastEditorUserId="11851" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T22:41:43.503" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T22:41:43.503" Title="How to get test results data to members of my team that don't have a Visual Studio License?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26910" CreationDate="2017-04-25T14:26:44.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Modern software development does not have a separate QA department. QA should be part of the development team. Quality is whole team approach not that of &#xA;the QA department.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Testing no longer means testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Confused? We can imagine! The purpose of testing used to be fairly clear–“Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors” [Meyers79]. This changes when adopting agile and lean development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Read more: &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Place QA people into the development teams, or even better teach the development teams to do better QA. Who should hire these people? The development facilitation manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe a single lead QA strategist in a organisation, but even then each team might create their own best QA practises for their domain, product, etc... Guess I dislike that just as much as Software Architects. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T14:26:44.187" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16911" CreationDate="2017-04-25T14:58:42.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't forget the minimum and maximum character length checks.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Minimum - empty text box&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Maximum - use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lipsum.com/feed/html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Lipsum text&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25378" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T14:58:42.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26912" CreationDate="2017-04-25T15:00:56.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you could use &lt;code&gt;#agText span&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var cordinator = element(by.cssContainingText('#agText span','Coordinator'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T15:10:11.913" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T15:10:11.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26917" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26921" CreationDate="2017-04-25T15:58:26.747" Score="2" ViewCount="105" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many tests that wait for certain condition to be satisfied, for instance UI tests wait for message to appear on a page. This is usually implemented by polling: repeating a check x times every n seconds. For instance, &lt;code&gt;ExplicitWait&lt;/code&gt; in Selenium/WebDriver is implemented like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This causes checks to be performed regularly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, another strategy could be possible. I have read about &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_backoff&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exponential backoff algorithm&lt;/a&gt; that multiplicatively decrease the rate of some process, in order to gradually find an acceptable rate. This makes sense in repeating a request to a server when connection is temporarily broken. It's better to repeat a check after 1 second, than after 2 seconds, 4 seconds, 8 seconds, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would this strategy be useful in case of AJAX applications to load elements dynamically? In other word, to implement &lt;code&gt;ExplicitWait&lt;/code&gt; with such exponential backoff?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-04-25T16:28:04.143" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T17:57:22.070" Title="Does exponential backoff make sense when checking conditions in AJAX apps?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26901" CreationDate="2017-04-25T16:19:52.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bug Leakage is defined as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Software bugs/defects that are discovered in the current phase of product that was supposed to be found in an earlier phase of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of this would be a customer reports seeing an issue on your product in a production environment after your team tests and deploys it from a staging/testing environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although there are a wide variety of fixes for bug/defect leakage, I would start by looking into your companies current approach to testing. Here are some common issues I have seen while working in my career.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lack of product knowledge. &lt;em&gt;(Alleviate this issue with training your testers on the products that they are testing)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Process review for test cases. &lt;em&gt;(Ensure that test case reviews are happening. Meaning that another person who didn't create the test cases reviews them, and ensures they are of good quality)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quality of testing data in your staging/testing environment. &lt;em&gt;(Always strive to have an environment where you have comparable data to a production environment, work with team-members of your company to gain access to what you need)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests are limited to &quot;Happy Path&quot; testing. &lt;em&gt;(Review your test cases to ensure there are some &quot;Edge Case&quot; scenarios that are covered in testing. Another option that has been extremely helpful in the past for me is by adding a few hours of exploratory/ad-hoc testing to a release cycle)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some testers might just be &quot;Checking&quot; the requirements and not &quot;Testing&quot; them. &lt;em&gt;(Reach out to your testers and make sure they know you are not just looking for a spot check of requirements, make sure they are digging deeper into the tests to expose flaws. Test cases are a good blue print for the tester, but they miss a lot of details that should be implied with quailty QA testing)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T16:19:52.233" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26917" CreationDate="2017-04-25T17:34:41.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For standard automation testing I think it's counter-productive as the test is usually frozen and waiting on something before acting.  Adding time between polling would be similar to just adding implicit waits to the test case causing it to run longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always like an explicit wait where possible.  I would still encourage that even if you have interface waiting that you target a specific occurrence and not rely on something like this.  This is a great algorithm for operations, but i don't really see a good use for it in automation testing except to test the algorithm, which would then not be you programming it, but testing against an existing usage of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance testing on the other hand would likely be a great place to utilize this.  The only caveat is that if it's supposed to load the system in a particular way you would be defeating your test by doing it.  However, if it's not supposed to be a load test on a particular item it could help your test not bottleneck when everything is trying to do the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing in general though is targeting issues and that method is to avoid issues...therefore in general it defeats the purpose for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T17:34:41.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26920" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26922" CreationDate="2017-04-25T17:43:50.840" Score="0" ViewCount="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hello I am trying to implement automated test scripts using NewRelic.  I am engineering javascript such that I print the last character of a field on the page that is always 8 characters.  I have this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var last_character=page_value.charAt(8);&#xA;console.log('test last_character='+last_character)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it only prints 'test last_character='!  Is this a javascript variable scoping issue?  I have never understood that!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25028" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T18:15:25.983" Title="How to assign javascript variable to last character of a string" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26917" CreationDate="2017-04-25T17:57:22.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is certainly possible and a viable strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence the real question is &quot;what is the benefit?&quot; - in your question, what does 'make sense' mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will assume that 'makes sense' means there is a worthwhile benefit from doing this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not see any benefit so I would advise against it (after a few iterations the spacing becomes large) unless there is something going on like the cpu is pegging, the machine is overheating, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T17:57:22.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26920" CreationDate="2017-04-25T18:15:25.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you want to use &lt;code&gt;.charAt(7)&lt;/code&gt; since js starts indexing at position 0.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T18:15:25.983" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26900" CreationDate="2017-04-25T18:46:37.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When my team used TestComplete we opened support tickets as needed if we couldn't find the answer through &quot;Help&quot; or the online forum. Their support team was in Russia; sometimes it was 24 hours before we had an answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other options: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) You can go to the Smart Bear HELP area, search for &quot;Stop on error&quot; and learn how to disable that setting so your apk file can attempt to run the install the  process again; also, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) Smart Bear has an active online &lt;a href=&quot;https://community.smartbear.com/t5/TestComplete-Mobile-Application/bd-p/Mobile_Application_Testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;community&lt;/a&gt; as well where you may find someone else has already asked this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T18:46:37.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26913" CreationDate="2017-04-25T19:49:13.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio offers a lot of different ways to grab the summary information from the application and paste it into other microsoft programs like excel/word. I would recommend going to &lt;a href=&quot;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff817729.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Paste into word for VS summary&lt;/a&gt; with this you can save the word document and email it out to whomever you want to read the information without them being required to have a VS license.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11851" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T19:49:13.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26896" CreationDate="2017-04-25T21:50:24.047" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Figured out the solution. You have to use JavascriptExecutor to read the value. Below is the sample code in case if anybody else encounter the same issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = WebDriverFactory.getDriver();&#xA;JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;return (Boolean) executor.executeScript(&quot;return document.evaluate(\&quot;//tr[@class='af_table_data-row']//span[text()='To be Reviewed'] and //span[text()='1']\&quot;, document, null, XPathResult.BOOLEAN_TYPE, null).booleanValue&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24271" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T21:50:24.047" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26894" CreationDate="2017-04-25T23:08:30.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can search by list (1) item position or its text (2); depend on your context, should the most stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;li:nth-of-type(3) span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;li span:contains('Selling Branches')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use jQuery, you would locate a element as in &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$(&quot;li:nth-of-type(3) span&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T23:08:30.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26902" CreationDate="2017-04-25T23:09:51.273" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is a common practice to have multiple levels of test, even if there might be some overlap. Unit tests, API tests, and UI driven tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T23:09:51.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26876" CreationDate="2017-04-25T23:37:23.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What I believe: In future, if someone looks at some block of code and feels WTF, then Code Reviewer is responsible more than implementer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This belief is not SCRUM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In SCRUM, the team is responsible, not the individual. If the code isn't delivered at the end of the sprint, or if it doesn't meet the acceptance criteria, or if it is of low quality, it is not the fault of any one person. If anyone is trying to assign blame, they are not doing SCRUM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I realize that's not practical advice. The real world is a bit more complicated than SCRUM ideals. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the practical advice: it is your job as a code reviewer to help the person who wrote the code you are reviewing. You aren't there to do a code review, you are there to help a team member. The code review is just the mechanism to make that happen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If understanding the acceptance criteria helps you do that, than as a responsible member of the team you should understand the acceptance criteria. Not because the scrum master said you should, not because some guidelines say you should, but because that is the professional, responsible thing to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2017-04-25T23:37:23.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26929" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-26T05:38:10.597" Score="1" ViewCount="1265" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Does CodedUI uses the Microsoft UI Automation for finding WPF controls&lt;/strong&gt; and taking any action (like click or adding value to text box)? If not what is the difference between both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason why I asked this question is, I am in middle of creating automated test cases for a WPF application which is using DevExpress controls and I'm currently using CodedUI for the same. But few days back I came to know (from one DevExpress support ticket), that DevExpress controls don't support CodedUI but they do support Microsoft UI Automation framework, and then I search for UI Automation and found some links which say that CodedUI uses UI Automation for WPF. So I created couple of test cases in both and found that it is more difficult (in terms of time) for CodedUI to locate elements than UI Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But before moving all test cases from CodedUI to UI AUtomation (i.e. from Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.WpfControls to System.Windows.Automation) I want to make sure that UI Automation is the right option for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25386" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T07:47:22.113" Title="CodedUI vs. UI Automation" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26929" CreationDate="2017-04-26T07:47:22.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems Coded-UI does use UIA underneath, but also some other technology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Coded-UI test is a Record &amp;amp; Play automation tool which uses the&#xA;  Microsoft UIA Library underneath. Since being a tool compared to&#xA;  writing code in C# it improves QA productivity for recording more test&#xA;  cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4909206/microsoft-ui-automation-library-vs-coded-ui-test&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4909206/microsoft-ui-automation-library-vs-coded-ui-test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this written by Microsoft employees&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Just to be more specific, UIAutomation is an accessiblity technology.&#xA;  CodedUI Test is a test automation framework which supports various&#xA;  technologies like Web, Winforms, WPF, etc. It internally uses&#xA;  UIAutomation for certain plugins such as WPF to access the control&#xA;  properties/events, etc. More about CodedUI Test in the link provided&#xA;  above by Silviu. That's a good starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/dcb986b3-9b01-4ff5-98f5-0e55f3201829/difference-between-coded-ui-and-ui-automation?forum=vsautotest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/dcb986b3-9b01-4ff5-98f5-0e55f3201829/difference-between-coded-ui-and-ui-automation?forum=vsautotest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Coded UI Tests are a framework which wraps many automation technologies. UIA is just one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5620406/what-is-the-difference-between-using-system-windows-automation-and-microsoft-visu&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5620406/what-is-the-difference-between-using-system-windows-automation-and-microsoft-visu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T07:47:22.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26909" CreationDate="2017-04-26T07:58:31.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From another similar stack reply&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can run&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adb shell dumpsys batterystats &gt; dump.txt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the full battery dump of you device. You also can add some options like --unplugged (only output data since last unplugged) or --charged (only output data since last charged). You can also add a packagename to get informations for this package/app only:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adb shell dumpsys batterystats --unplugged your.package.name &gt;&#xA;  dump.txt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part &gt; dump.txt put everything into a file (maybe just works on Windows, not sure. But you can just leave it away, the dump will be printed right in the console where you can copy it and put it in a file).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This works just if you have a device with Android 5.x. If you have a device with a lower level you can try to use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adb shell bugreport &gt; bugreport.txt&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this file will be very very big. (~8mb+)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After creating this file you can use the Historian Tool of Google&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use it you have to install Python 2.7.9 and run following command&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;python /path/to/historian.py dump.txt &gt; battery.html&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will create a battery.html file where you can see the data in a more usefull formatting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last thing: If you want to reset the stats of the battery dump just call&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;adb shell dumpsys batterystats --reset&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(just works with Android 5.x)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T07:58:31.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22791" CreationDate="2017-04-26T08:07:58.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To access the elements in  iframe, you need to switch to that frame:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(id or name of the frame) &#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(index of the frame) (Ist frame have index 0)&#xA;driver.switchTo().frame(0);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To move back to the normal content: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25310" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:35:20.407" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:35:20.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26813" CreationDate="2017-04-26T08:29:00.293" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not believe there specific UWP tests that you need to target in order to get the app you have developed in a good spot for release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are indeed not sure/confident after you have applied your testing phase/s over it, you can also do a limited beta release of it, and target specific groups to get more feedback on it. More on that &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/publish/beta-testing-and-targeted-distribution&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T08:29:00.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26937" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-26T09:47:23.203" Score="3" ViewCount="487" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got a scenario. In my company, we used Jira as our tracking tool. Now, we have developed this mobile app which runs both on iOS and Android. We have decided to implement the iOS first. So, in our JIRA project, let's say the setup would be, I created myapp_jira_version_1 on JIRA which corresponds to the first build created by the iOS developer which says let's say myapp_build_1. As the project goes on, we can see that the Jira version is parallel to the build version as it increments. My question would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now, what if we will decide to start the Android development, and say we already reached build_version_10 on iOS and Jira_version_10 on Jira. In the 11th version, it is expected that there are Android related issues that would come. So, will it the iOS and Android issues will be merged with 1 Jira version? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this case, on one mobile app running on both Android and iOS platforms, is it a good practice to split them into two Jira projects? If this is a bad practice, could you give me solution for the first question?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any comment/s from you guys are much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T04:41:02.817" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T04:41:02.817" Title="Should we separate Android and iOS apps on different jira projects?" Tags="&lt;ios&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26937" CreationDate="2017-04-26T10:26:03.543" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand correctly, you used the software version to name the Jira project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My answer would be that No, this is not how I would manage it.  I would not use Jira that way.  I would either have one project that covers both systems or two projects, one for each.  Which will be right for you will depend on additional details within your organization such as how the projects are linked, code they share, functionality they share, team that do the work, size of those teams, etc.  I work at a place that does two releases a week for our product and we use one long-running Jira project for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within 1 project that are several options that you could use to differentiate work.  The correct one will depend on additional details for your organization.  The ones that come immediately to mind are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Epic&lt;/strong&gt; - This can be useful to group a bunch of tickets together for whatever grouping you want.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component&lt;/strong&gt; - We've used this as a high level categorization of which team is doing the work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Label&lt;/strong&gt; - You can use this to categorize and tag tickets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Version&lt;/strong&gt; - I think Jira may have a version field(?).  We didn't use it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T10:33:51.613" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T10:33:51.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26943" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26948" CreationDate="2017-04-26T12:52:02.137" Score="1" ViewCount="1207" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am given a &lt;code&gt;RepoItemInfo&lt;/code&gt; object, and would like to retrieve the corresponding adapter from my repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;RepoItemInfo.FindAdapter&amp;lt;T&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; finds or creates and adapter of type &lt;code&gt;T&lt;/code&gt;, however my code is supposed to be general and should not assume a particular type. Instead, I would like to retrieve the adapter specified in my repository as denoted by &lt;code&gt;RepoItemInfo.FullName&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2019-08-21T13:09:49.623" Title="Given a RepoItemInfo, how can I retrieve the corresponding Ranorex.Adapter from the repository?" Tags="&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26944" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26945" CreationDate="2017-04-26T13:02:26.233" Score="0" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;Me and my team sometimes experienced this issue when testing one Cucumber feature in:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;different version of Android and iOS  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;different device with same OS version.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This really slowing us down because we need different XPath for different environment. Really time consuming to do this over and over again and really hard to maintain our element locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our devs developed the app we're testing in React.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question simply, why this thing happened and how we work around it? Is there any solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25149" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T08:09:32.750" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T08:09:32.750" Title="XPath of an element keeps changing when testing in different OS or device" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26944" CreationDate="2017-04-26T14:29:04.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, identify your element with an ID, class, name or other specific attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath should only be used as a last resort, or if the selector is really complex and/or contains dynamic data. But even then you can usually figure out a more robust selector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-04-26T17:01:47.610" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T17:01:47.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26902" CreationDate="2017-04-26T14:54:28.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I advise our teams to write mainly unit-tests, but at least ONE test on service (e.g. API) and UI (e.g. end-to-end) levels of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-pyramid&lt;/a&gt;. Just a happy path test is sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do I advice that? The main reason is to make sure that each level is build testable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the levels are testable, then when a defect occurs and after it is fixed, it should be easy to add a test to prevent that defect from re-occurring. If for some reason that defect is hard to test at unit-level. Having no tests on other levels might make it easy to take a short-cut and not test it at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Duplicate test coverage for other reasons seems a waste of time. Extra coverage costs just extra time in maintaining it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T14:54:28.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26943" CreationDate="2017-04-26T14:56:00.777" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found a solution via reflection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static class RanorexExtensions&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;    /// Creates an adapter for the associated repository item&#xA;    /// as defined in the repository.&#xA;    /// &#xA;    /// If you know the adapter type, or want to use a different&#xA;    /// one, you can use &amp;lt;see cref=&quot;FindAdapter{T}&quot; /&amp;gt; instead.&#xA;    /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;    /// &amp;lt;param name=&quot;itemInfo&quot;&amp;gt;The RepoItemInfo object&amp;lt;/param&amp;gt;&#xA;    /// &amp;lt;returns&amp;gt;The adapter.&amp;lt;/returns&amp;gt;&#xA;    public static Adapter GetAdapter(this RepoItemInfo itemInfo)&#xA;    {&#xA;        var folder = itemInfo.ParentFolder;&#xA;        Adapter adapter = (Adapter)folder.GetType().GetProperty(itemInfo.Name).GetValue(folder);&#xA;        return adapter;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T14:56:00.777" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26878" CreationDate="2017-04-26T15:07:11.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not going to go into specifics because that is largely dependent on what tools you use. I use the Atlassian suite of products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We build an IPA file when new code is merged into a specific branch. This is done using Bamboo (although any CI tool should be able to do it) that gets triggered by a BitBucket trigger. The trigger fires off a Bamboo Plan on a Mac Bamboo Agent to do a Git Pull and then Xcode build (via command line). The last step is copying the IPA from the Mac to our network share.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T15:07:11.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26950" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-26T15:55:35.917" Score="3" ViewCount="1161" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just want to give an example: We have regression test suite of 1000 TC. Currently it take 10 people to execute it manually in 10 days. After automation of this suite, lets assume we will need 3 people to execute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we have a major functionality change which affects 500 of my test cases, we will need 7 people to fix scripts and re-run and update. i.e. basically maintenance of scripts. Essentially 3 fr execution and 7 for fixing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where do I see saving from automation of my regression test suite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assumption: existing scripts work perfectly on current codeline, have followed Selenium Robot framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25401" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T18:15:54.977" Title="As a QA manager, how do I show cost saving from my automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26950" CreationDate="2017-04-26T17:04:04.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen nice graphs for this kind of thing, where the y-axis is cost, and the x-axis is how many times the tests are run, and two lines, one for manual and one for automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The manual one just has a fixed slope since there's a fixed cost for running the tests manually (10 engineers * 10 days * daily wages).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can show a similar trend for automation, showing the large sunk cost (automation engineer * time * wages would be the starting point, even before any test cases are run), and then a line with 3/10th the slope since you'll have 3 engineers executing the tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can then see the savings where those two lines cross . . . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adding in refactors and things to such a graph is left as an exercise for the reader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T17:04:04.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26950" CreationDate="2017-04-26T17:14:47.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a pretty complex one to work through, but you can do it with some data diving as well as well as the information you've given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Time and Labor in your group&lt;/strong&gt; - assuming you have your automation suite in place, each time it runs, you are running (assuming that the suite runs in under a day) with 3 person-days for a total of 24 hours. The cost to run manual regression is, from your post, 100 person-days (10 people x 10 days) or 800 hours. So each run without modification saves 776 hours. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Time and Labor external to your group&lt;/strong&gt; - This will take some data diving. You will need to work out how many regression issues, on average, escape to production per release, and how much time is spent dealing with them post-release. Once you've got that number, you can compare against the number of regression issues, on average, that escape after your automation is implemented, and figure out a time saving. If you've targeted your regression automation properly, it could be a substantial amount.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression bugs not released to production&lt;/strong&gt; - you'll need to do some digging here, too - this time to locate all the regression issues that are caught by your automation and work out how both how likely it was that the issue would have been caught in manual regression, and how much time was saved. If you're running the automated regression on a daily or more frequent basis, you should see a lot of savings here, via an average time per issue. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use some numbers pulled from air:&#xA; - Every run of your automation saves 776 hours. &#xA; - If it takes on average 500 hours to update the automation per deployment, then your time savings are (776 * number of runs per deployment) - 500. If you run the automation 10 times per deployment that's still over 7000 person-hours available for other tasks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you design your automation well enough, you should be able to reduce your refactoring time significantly, increasing your time savings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if your management requires a money amount on estimated savings, you'll need to include the development time to create the automation as a sunk cost (because it will happen no matter what kind of automation is used). Say, 5 times the time cost of a full manual regression run to do it properly. That means that by the sixth run of your automation, you'll be into positive ROI - but as you implement automated runs on a smaller scale, you will start seeing benefits).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T17:14:47.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27326" CreationDate="2017-04-26T17:15:07.693" Score="1" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the below code (for example) I can cast AutomationElement to UITestControl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AutomationElement e = AutomationElement.FromHandle(Window.WindowHandle);&#xA;UITestControl u = UITestControlFactory.FromNativeElement(e, &quot;UIA&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how can I do it other way round i.e. &#xA;How to cast a UITestControl to AutomationElement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T03:34:01.073" Title="Cast UITestControl to AutomationElement" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26950" CreationDate="2017-04-26T17:20:10.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;((Hours spent on automation including writing/execution) / (manual test creation/mod work) + (manual test execution time spent on tests)) * (test coverage percentage) = % saved by automation instead of manual work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;code&gt;40hrs(a) / 20hrs(edit work) + 40hrs(execution) = .6667 * .3(30% coverage) = .2 (20% overall increase in efficiency by only automating 30%).&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You then multiply this number by the fact over time, so say the initial work is 20% improvement, but then repeat efforts decrease the automation hour timeframe thus improving the % improvement drastically over time.  I'm used to seeing a negative result on initial start as sometimes the upfront work on automation takes longer, but the follow on efforts should more than make up for the improvement and you can show the trend over time of improved efficiency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't test some things in regression then you can add it as &quot;additional coverage&quot; that isn't possible manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T17:20:10.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26950" CreationDate="2017-04-26T18:15:54.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Saving time as Kate Paulk mentioned is not the only benefit, and wrong way to look at the problem, IMHO.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation increases quality and stability of your releases. Allows to refactor parts of the system and be sure nothing important is broken, if all test pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, increases the job satisfaction of the testers (less boring repetitive condition-checking, more interesting investigative testing), so lowers turnover. And more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T18:15:54.977" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26698" CreationDate="2017-04-26T19:02:49.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the most interesting systems I had come across is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xqual.com/products/xstudio.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XStudio&lt;/a&gt;. They offer a community version, which allows up to 200 tests to be entered. It also allows you to document your defects, requirements, test cases, and test results. I highly recommend it. I am hoping that at my workplace we will be using this system eventually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23894" LastActivityDate="2017-04-26T19:02:49.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27000" CreationDate="2017-04-26T21:02:44.650" Score="1" ViewCount="999" Body="&lt;p&gt;Trying to select a dropdown and select an item from the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the dom for the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;nav-galleries&quot; class=&quot;dropdown header-dropdown hidden-xs hidden-sm&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;dropdown-toggle&quot; &#xA;href=&quot;//www.xxxx/&quot; data-toggle=&quot;dropdown&quot; &#xA;title=&quot;Trending Now&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;nav-text&quot;&amp;gt; Trending Now &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;b class=&quot;caret&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is the code for the 'button' or 'link' that I am trying to hit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;/xxxxxx/members/content/videos/&quot;&amp;gt; Videos &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the hover part done correctly. I can show the list and the items inside of it. When i try to do a click it usually tells the Element is not visible. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my code to try and click inside of it. It clicks on a link but it seems to just click on the middle of the dropdown, not on a specific array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$action-&amp;gt;moveToElement($this-&amp;gt;webDriver-&amp;gt;findElement(WebDriverBy::cssSelector('#nav-galleries')))-&amp;gt;perform();&#xA;      $dropdown =  $this-&amp;gt;webDriver-&amp;gt;findElements(WebDriverBy::cssSelector('#nav-galleries .dropdown-menu'))[0];&#xA;      $dropdown-&amp;gt;click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i try to change the click on the array, I'm met with Element not visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've even tried some javascript to do the hover, which it does, yet i'm still met with element not visible when I try to select an option in the drop down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;webDriver-&amp;gt;executeScript(&quot;document.getElementsByClassName('dropdown-menu')[0].style.display='list-item'&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T18:01:08.910" Title="Selenium PHP select dropdown" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26944" CreationDate="2017-04-27T02:08:20.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have variable IDs for the application which Iam working on now, that means every time I run, ID changes. So I can neither use ID to identify my element nor i can use that to create xpath.&#xA;Better option will be to use CSS selector to identify elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25310" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T02:08:20.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26960" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T05:40:19.940" Score="1" ViewCount="458" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read on Jira documentation and do some research. However, i'm still a bit confused about Components and Epics. In a sample website like Facebook, it has features like Login, Register, Write A Post and Chat. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now, should I put those as an Epic? or as a Component?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How should I categorize app's pages like Login page, Register page, Homepage and Timeline page? Should I also make it as an epic or a component?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If we will put User Timeline as an epic for example, how do we classify the features like Write On Friends Timeline, Mention a Friend on the timeline? Can we make it as a sub-epic? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm still new this software. I would appreciate every comment from you. It's much appreciated. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21864" LastEditorUserId="31013" LastEditDate="2018-04-25T11:13:59.257" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T11:13:59.257" Title="The difference of Jira Epics and Components" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-27T18:35:25.150" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26960" CreationDate="2017-04-27T05:57:16.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Epics and components are just like labels a way to group issues. What you use them for is for you to group them logically for you and your teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is of-course some default terminology interpretation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Epic&lt;/strong&gt;: Container for work that is larger than a single iteration. Usually a large user-story. I would describe that in &quot;behavioural change&quot; not in the form of login page. Users do not need a login page, they want to do some action, some behaviour. The login, but also register is mostly irrelevant, you can always build that later after you verified that the behaviour is something users need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Component&lt;/strong&gt;: Often used as logical component (e.g. API, DB), but could also be functional components.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Epics are something you want to build, components are parts of your application that have been build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T05:57:16.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26962" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T07:16:54.583" Score="3" ViewCount="66627" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a button, clicking on it generates a number which is wrapped in paragraph text such as &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;random number &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; , I want to get that random number value and do operations based on number it generates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From below I need to get 34,756 number and store it in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the HTML code for it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;alert alert-count&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 531 --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 532 --&amp;gt;&#xA; 34,756&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;   &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;   &lt;p&gt;&#xA;   &#xA;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the XPath I used is as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String count = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='alert alert-count']/p).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But on console it gives error as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NullPointerException&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24706" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-03T08:08:45.263" LastActivityDate="2019-07-12T07:07:29.750" Title="How to get value of text wrapped in paragraph element &lt;p&gt; with Selenium in Java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26963" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26981" CreationDate="2017-04-27T09:01:18.957" Score="0" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any difference between running and executing a test? If so, what is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25415" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T18:42:42.597" Title="Difference between running and executing a test" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-04-28T06:48:08.913" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26962" CreationDate="2017-04-27T09:54:40.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the there is a problem with the provided XPath, you are navigating to the paragraph tag &lt;code&gt;(&amp;lt;p&amp;gt; tag)&lt;/code&gt; and fetching the text, I suggest you navigate to the bold tag &lt;code&gt;(&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;tag)&lt;/code&gt; and fetch the respective value, like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String count = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='alert alert-count']/p/b&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2019-07-12T07:07:29.750" LastActivityDate="2019-07-12T07:07:29.750" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="26965" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T09:56:18.520" Score="0" ViewCount="1304" Body="&lt;p&gt;While trying the below code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txt_UserName&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='txt_UserName'][@name='txt_UserName'][@class='formInput']&quot;)).sendKeys(new String(&quot;karthik&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;txt_Password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting the following error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.InvalidArgumentException: Expected [object Undefined] undefined to be a string&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25417" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T12:06:15.337" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T14:33:07.017" Title="Sendkeys NOT working for textfield" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26966" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T09:56:42.780" Score="2" ViewCount="1312" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to access excel files from selenium webdriver using Java ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium Webdriver, I have a scenario where I have to provide different sets of values to the different test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let, us say in a column there are 100 values first 20 set of values I have to feed to the Testcase1, and next set of 20 values to Testcase 2 and so on till Test case 5.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25416" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-04-21T10:35:13.323" LastActivityDate="2018-05-21T14:25:58.980" Title="How to use java to access excel with selenium webdriver for data for tests" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20680" CreationDate="2017-04-27T10:13:58.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can give a try to &lt;a href=&quot;https://smartbear.com/product/loadcomplete/overview/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LoadComplete&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; it's Easy and affordable performance testing tool. It enables you to create and execute realistic load tests for websites and web apps. &#xA;We are providing test automation services to client and we use Load Complete to create realistic load tests by recording user interactions and simulating these actions with hundreds of virtual users either from your local computers or from the cloud...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="18467" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T08:17:27.387" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T08:17:27.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26962" CreationDate="2017-04-27T10:15:30.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can get the text for an HTML tag using the below snippet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String count = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='alert alert-count']/p).getAttribute(&quot;innerhtml&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;System.out.println(count); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will fetch the text inside the HTML and prints it to console. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25416" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T08:33:15.667" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T08:33:15.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26969" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26962" CreationDate="2017-04-27T11:11:52.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are providing test automation services to clients and we have tried the below code for getting text of HTML tag:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String count = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='alert alert-count']/p).getAttribute(&quot;innerhtml&quot;);          //getting text from HTML&#xA;    System.out.println(count);              //printing the text&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="18467" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T08:18:29.760" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T08:18:29.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26965" CreationDate="2017-04-27T11:19:19.247" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that you have mismatched your coding standards. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement userName= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txt_UserName&quot;));&#xA;userName.clear();&#xA;userName.sendKeys(&quot;karthik&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement paswd= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;txt_Password&quot;));&#xA;paswd.clear();&#xA;paswd.sendKeys(&quot;Enter your Password&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;paswd.submit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Confirm once your locators of Username &amp;amp; Password field and use it in above code....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T11:19:19.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26971" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T11:28:28.927" Score="2" ViewCount="722" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Quality Assurance and Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had been looking for the best tool that can be used for automating our website (built in .Net in MVC framework).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me tell you the architecture of the software:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Presentation Layer&lt;/strong&gt; (MVC application)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Controllers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Views&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Models&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Business Logic Layer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BLL has been implemented using Facade pattern, its the core of our web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Access Layer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Okey, so my question are following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) What design pattern should I follow to test my 2 things: &lt;code&gt;UI Testing&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Business Logic Layer&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) As I have seen that selenium just drives the code that is written by me, since I have to code myself, what is the benefit of selenium for me if I myself has to write all the code in C#?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) In case of NUnit, I have same question, How can NUnit benefitting me? As I again have to write the complete test code for testing my application. Like I have to place try catch for checking code etc. which area is benefited by NUnit for me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know C# and I will create application that will test my web app, what is the benefit for me since everything will be written by me? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25420" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T21:14:33.377" Title="Architecutre of testing application for MVC application?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26966" CreationDate="2017-04-27T11:44:45.020" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to interface with excel programmatically and pull in the data so you can then assign variables to pass to your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure on your language use, but here is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://dev.office.com/excel/rest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rest API&lt;/a&gt; for excel to get you started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;helpful links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9108394/how-to-read-excel-file-with-java-without-external-jars&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9108394/how-to-read-excel-file-with-java-without-external-jars&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jexcelapi.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jexcelapi.sourceforge.net/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T11:58:36.677" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T11:58:36.677" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26971" CreationDate="2017-04-27T12:10:56.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best Practice: Testing should not be done by the same person who wrote the code with the exception of test driven development with unit tests and this still reviewed by other developers and sometimes the test part done by other developers to in order to have fresh eyes on the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, you already have your directions to do all the tests yourself, so we will ignore best practice right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nunit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NUnit&lt;/a&gt; is a unit test framework (.Net) that provides assertions and results to executing code function/methods based on calls and inputs.  It returns pass/fail results and is designed to test each coded piece of functionality for accuracy and error paths.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.tutsplus.com/articles/the-beginners-guide-to-unit-testing-what-is-unit-testing--wp-25728&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;General Unit testing info&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For web applications the browser plays a part as a third party tool required for the code to work.  Therefore in order to test UI code you have to be able to drive the browser itself in order to execute the code on the screen.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/index.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/a&gt; is able to read and access elements in the DOM on a browser.  It also works with multiple browsers and also with mobile platforms via the wireframe protocol.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have to automate both back end and front end you need to utilize these in order to accomplish it.  You can swap unit test frameworks and/or automation tool selections, but these are pretty standard selections for .Net webapps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T12:10:56.257" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25082" CreationDate="2017-04-27T13:08:11.267" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Yes - For Unit Testing Javascript&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been working with this concept over the last few years and I've come to the following, multi-tier approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit testing on the backend.  For example with Ruby or Java on the server code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User acceptance testing on the UI using Selenium and a programming language such as Ruby with Capybara&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit testing on the front end with Jasmine, Konacha (Mocha/Chai), etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I've most recently seen the javascript testing as that third item.  It mocks and stubs the actual web page with a fixed fragment of HTML for the js to work against - this is what makes it a unit, not integrated or feature test.  I was resistant to this initially (&amp;quot;but what about if the pages changes?&amp;quot;) until I understood this classification and that the web page change scenario would be covered by the Selenium tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jasmine: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jasmine.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A behavior-driven development framework for testing JavaScript code. It does not depend on any other JavaScript frameworks. It does not require a DOM. And it has a clean, obvious syntax so that you can easily write tests.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;An end-to-end test framework for Angular and AngularJS applications. Protractor runs tests against your application running in a real browser, interacting with it as a user would.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mocha: &lt;a href=&quot;https://mochajs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A feature-rich JavaScript test framework running on Node.js and in the browser, making asynchronous testing simple and fun.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chai: Chai is &lt;a href=&quot;http://chaijs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a BDD / TDD assertion library for node and the browser that can be delightfully paired with any javascript testing framework.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QUnit: &lt;a href=&quot;http://qunitjs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;QUnit is a powerful, easy-to-use JavaScript unit testing framework. It's used by the jQuery, jQuery UI and jQuery Mobile projects and is capable of testing any generic JavaScript code, including itself!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T19:00:13.740" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26971" CreationDate="2017-04-27T14:23:25.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree with @mutt. Developers know the code and are best positioned to write both unit and system/UI/integration tests. Best practice is &lt;strong&gt;review the code&lt;/strong&gt; by someone else (another developer): production code, unit and integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is &lt;strong&gt;manual/investigative testing&lt;/strong&gt; which should be done with someone else (not a developer), to gain a fresh perspective how a feature should behave.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't even start with UI/integration tests before you have a &lt;strong&gt;comprehensive&lt;/strong&gt; set of unit tests. &lt;strong&gt;Unit tests are your first line of defense&lt;/strong&gt;: if they fail, they point pretty closely to the cause of the breakage. All other tests are more separated from the tested code, so inevitable any detected error requires larger investigation (and should start with adding a unit tests for the cause).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After unit test, developers should write UI tests of basic functionality (&quot;happy path&quot;). If you have those, you can go two ways: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have automated test developers in QA, they can take over and write more complicated UI/integration test (more &quot;adversarial&quot;, straying from &quot;happy path&quot;, checking more error conditions). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you don't have coders in QA, testers (&quot;another set of eyes&quot;) can develop scenarios for automated tests beyond &quot;happy path&quot; and developers can code those&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, core developers should develop &quot;happy path&quot; UI test, because doing so they will add valid locators to widgets test need to interact with. If you dump &quot;happy path&quot; automated test on QA developers, many widgets will not have good locators, and QA will have to deal with bad clunky locators, or worse, XPath. Adding good locators is trivial for core developers, writing &quot;happy path&quot; test is the incentive for them to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For UI test, strongly consider &lt;strong&gt;PageObject design pattern&lt;/strong&gt;. Google for links.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T14:53:38.343" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T14:53:38.343" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26977" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T15:14:03.807" Score="2" ViewCount="58" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of managing and coordinating iOS and Android platform releases (for native apps): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What platform specific tasks would be included in pre and post release checklists? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What would be different in Pass/Fail criteria for different platform releases?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For different browsers I know you make sure to test in them but they are all served up by the same web server.  For native mobile apps I assume there will actually be specific procedures for each platform?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13105" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T00:49:33.227" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T00:57:57.910" Title="How do you manage and coordinate Android and iOS platform releases?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;release&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26902" CreationDate="2017-04-27T16:10:41.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;why companies would have both API tests and web tests when this causes duplication of effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, because those tests are different in nature, help discover different types of bugs and have different properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;End-to-end tests, e.g., tests operating on UI level of a Web application have two main advantages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they &lt;strong&gt;simulate a real user&lt;/strong&gt;: this helps managers and decision-makers easily determine how a failing test would impact the user.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they &lt;strong&gt;help discover bugs not discoverable at API level&lt;/strong&gt;: differences in layout and JavaScript interpretation across different Web browsers, HTTP integration problems, e.g., Javascript application may not be able to understand a response from the API.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, they suffer from a number of issues. They:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are &lt;strong&gt;long&lt;/strong&gt;, so getting feedback whether your change caused a problem is delayed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are &lt;strong&gt;less reliable&lt;/strong&gt;, they tend to ocassionaly fail more often, not because of regression in the system but because of a bug in test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make &lt;strong&gt;isolation of failures harder&lt;/strong&gt;, because they touch more elements: both frontend and backend.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the contrary, API tests are usually:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;faster&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;more reliable&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make &lt;strong&gt;isolation of failures easier&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;and &lt;strong&gt;help discover bugs that are not discoverable at UI level&lt;/strong&gt;, e.g., it's possible to manipulate HTTP requests in API tests even if UI of the tested system does not allow for that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, when building a test suite for a login page I would choose different types of tests depending on what you want to stress:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login page UI makes AJAX calls to backend API with username and password. In case of successful answer from the API it redirects a user to the home page, otherwise it shows an error message. Testing integration and redirects is a good candidate for an &lt;em&gt;end-to-end test&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login page UI constrains the maximum length of username you can enter, however a developer could forget to validate username length also at the backend level. &lt;em&gt;API tests&lt;/em&gt; can help discover this bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Part of the login page includes support for password reset, and when the user provides a new password, JavaScript is checking in real time whether the new password satisfies password policy requirements, e.g., minimum length. It makes more sense to test this part not even in end-to-end tests but in JavaScript &lt;em&gt;unit tests&lt;/em&gt; (where backend is mocked) on different browsers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When choosing how many tests I would have, I would follow a testing pyramid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0h5FB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0h5FB.png&quot; alt=&quot;Testing Pyramid&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a lot of unit tests covering many edges cases, both for backend and JavaScript parts (if necessary)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;few end-to-end tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a medium number of integration and API tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find more information on that in the following articles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Just Say No to More End-to-End Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/15gNk21rjer3xo-b1ZqyQVGebOp_aPvHU3YH7YnOMxtE/edit?usp=sharing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Move Fast &amp;amp; Don't Break Things&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2017/04/where-do-our-flaky-tests-come-from.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Where do our flaky tests come from?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://uploads.pnsqc.org/2016/papers/12.WinningWithFlakyTestAutomation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winning with Flaky Test Automation&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T07:44:17.130" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T07:44:17.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26979" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-27T17:33:42.340" Score="2" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have explored some test automation tools and I thought I'd go with WebDriverJS (Selenium/JavaScript using Node.js) with Mocha as the test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been able to write out scripts that do what I want them to do (ie. open browser, login, do X), and it has made my regression testing a lot easier and more efficient, but I consider it a &quot;hybrid&quot; approach. It does a bunch of actions for me, but it still requires me to run the script, look at the results, and pass/fail my test cases. This is obviously not scalable as the company grows. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rest of my team are &quot;non-technical&quot;; they do not know much about automation nor do they have any interest in learning or teaching me, including my manager. I am able to run the scripts locally, but I am having trouble hooking it into something remote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two basic points that I want to accomplish:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I want to be able to run a very basic regression of core test cases remotely, and allow my non-technical QA team members to be able to click a button that says &quot;Run Regression&quot; or something of that sort&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once that test has ran, I want to be able to get a nice human-readable report of the stats regarding the test run (Pass/Fail status, execution time, etc).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the steps I can take to accomplish these two goals? My company uses jenkins to build/deploy code, so I would imagine that is the place that my coworkers can find this &quot;Run Regression&quot; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18094" LastEditorUserId="18094" LastEditDate="2017-04-27T23:46:19.237" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T11:21:26.720" Title="UI Test framework from the ground up" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26979" CreationDate="2017-04-27T18:24:58.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do it, but it's not &quot;simple&quot; or &quot;quick&quot;.  I have done one that was really sweet, but it took awhile and a team of people.  HTML result output, gui test case selection and kick off, robust testing with error handling and step skipping on fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit test framework will give you a code interface to execute script files from and get a result.  I trained non-tech testers to do this part just fine.&#xA;I also had to encapsulate Selenium under a simplistic framework that intellisense prompting helped testers to write each test step.  If they don't need to write/modify the tests and you are doing that, you can just use the framework through an IDE like eclipse/visual studio and there is a play button to kick off the tests from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should tie into CI just fine so long as you ensure it's setup properly for Jenkins to read and checked into a project/solution that is setup on CI.  I personally recommend a separate project/solution than the standard code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you get it all tied into CI you can likely create a simple integration with the API and tie it into a webpage with a button on it.  You can also likely utilize the results through Jenkins to avoid extra custom report work, but that might require training on Jenkins then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Essentially this is a fully custom designed thing and you need to figure out all the components you want and how much effort you want to put into it.  Once you know that feel free to ask on here again about specific points where you might want feedback, but this one question is very generic right now, so the answer is yes you can, but it's custom code and integration depending on the users, tooling, and the project with which you are automating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T18:24:58.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26963" CreationDate="2017-04-27T18:42:42.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, this is the same thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You've probably noticed there are multiple ways to describe the same thing. There is no standard terminology in testing so if you are unclear about the word being used, it's always best to ask. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T18:42:42.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26977" CreationDate="2017-04-27T19:02:44.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Platform Specific&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For iOS it's the app store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Android it's Google play - &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://play.google.com/store/apps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Generally&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pre-release you might have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a list of common features that must work on each platform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a list of specific features that must work on a given platform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;schedule of downtime for end users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;People and Technical resources needed to make the release happen and support it afterwards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Platform specific testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Post-release you might have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitoring of errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitoring of resource usage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Additional human help for help lines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pass/Fail criteria really depends on your business and the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T00:57:57.910" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T00:57:57.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26979" CreationDate="2017-04-27T20:27:17.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have Jenkins. Now you need to do to add your unit tests and your UI test as Jenkins projects. No need even to &quot;press a button&quot; - Jenkins can run your test based on hour, or based on checkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins generates pretty good web accessible info:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dashboard showing status of all projects (&quot;weather dashboard&quot;) and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reports  - at least easy-to-distinguish &quot;All clear&quot;, &quot;Cloudy&quot; and &quot;Fail&quot; reports. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jenkins will even tell you how many and which test failed. If it is not enough, or not obvious, you can create a wiki page in your corporate wiki (you do use wiki for knowledge capture, right?) with examples how good (&quot;blue ball&quot;) and failed (&quot;red ball&quot;) test looks like. Humans are pretty good at seeing similar patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anything tricky and non-obvious (&quot;most test passed but some test failed&quot;) will have to be analyzed by human, and automating it is a waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-04-27T20:27:17.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24478" CreationDate="2017-04-28T00:18:01.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The test you describe is perhaps not as much about two different windows but about session management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One solution would be to use two different browsers, e.g. chromdriver and firefox.  Use one of the browsers for the regular user and the other for the admin user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for Page objects you may need to split them up and use one set for each browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T00:18:01.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26986" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-28T06:33:21.763" Score="1" ViewCount="372" Body="&lt;p&gt;I Have to run a performance test in jmeter, I got 10 threads(Scripts) having different no of users. Now I want to start 6 thread in every 5 second, Those 6 thread are random. How can I do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25429" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T06:33:21.763" Title="How to start threads randomly in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-05-09T08:47:12.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26989" CreationDate="2017-04-28T07:24:07.337" Score="2" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an Android App created using Java. I am testing a text box which accepts barcodes with a maximum of 17 characters. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know to test the normal boundary values, nulls, negative data inputs, and so on. I would like to also try unusual invalid and out of the box data inputs that are more likely to crash the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would really appreciate help in coming up with ideas of ways to break this input box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17035" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-04-28T11:28:09.280" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T11:36:13.183" Title="What unusual invalid data inputs that will crash a barcode entry text box on an Android App?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;boundary-value-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-09T08:49:22.377" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26987" CreationDate="2017-04-28T11:36:13.183" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You really can't go wrong with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/minimaxir/big-list-of-naughty-strings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Big List of Naughty Strings&lt;/a&gt;. The list is set up so that you can manually go through the text file list of strings that have caused issues in other inputs, or you can import it into test automation projects and use it there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other things you might consider: if the text box is supposed to accept barcodes, does it do so by scanning them? If so, try scanning a QR code and see what happens. If you have a Square or other card swipe device, see what the field does if you swipe a card with a magnetic stripe (If you use a credit card, make sure you're not sending it anywhere or you're using test stock).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hook your device up to a keyboard and lean on the keys or fall on the keys. What happens? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simulate a pet walking across the device at the wrong time. What does that do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend this strategy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with the Big List of Naughty Strings; then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test sending input by non-standard methods (e.g. swipe, scanned, attached keyboard...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those two should be more than enough to find any serious issues the application has with input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(disclaimer: I am not affiliated with the Big List in any way. I just find it an immensely valuable tool for testing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T11:36:13.183" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24504" CreationDate="2017-04-28T11:43:42.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;(I'm not able to add a comment to the original question probably because of my low reputation score so I'm adding this as a top level answer. Feel free to delete if this violates some posting rules.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To solve the problem of &quot;testers are not able to easily implement automated tests,&quot; I wrote a wrapper around Cucumber/Selenium which makes is trivially easy to write and run automated tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My framework: &lt;a href=&quot;http://kheera.in&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://kheera.in&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this is of use to someone. We are seeing good results with it at a client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23854" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T11:43:42.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26991" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-28T12:58:53.537" Score="2" ViewCount="62" Body="&lt;p&gt;we have a business centered around some sort of web application with steps like a wizard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Landing page with information&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page where user can enter personal information (name, email, phone, address, ...) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page where user can enter information on the item they are interested in. This page can contain quite a lot of fields to enter information in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Summary page with confirmation button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thank you page after confirming the subscription&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pages themselves are not that difficult, the problem lies in the fact that we provide this flow for several business lines in different countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So page 2 varies in the entry fields: US address is different than UK address, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page 3 varies the most because we sell different kind of subscriptions that require different info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we have product1_US, but also product1_UK, etc&#xA;Also: product2_US, product2_UK, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the code of the application there is some shared code, but also each combination of product, country has specific code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the business wants to roll out more and more products in more countries, I don't think it is feasible to make PageObjects for each combination (product,country).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How best to structure my code for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I make an almost empty skeleton PageObject that I fill in for each combination (product,country)? Should I  model parts of the page for each combination and combine the parts into the skeleton class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since application is made in C#, we will most likely also be using C# with NUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11833" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T15:20:41.403" Title="How to structure many similar PageObjects?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26991" CreationDate="2017-04-28T14:09:41.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently released a test automation framework which allows tests to run &lt;em&gt;without&lt;/em&gt; writing custom page objects. It sounds like you could benefit from a similar approach that I took to creating page objects on the fly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Edit: Of course, this code is in Java while you are looking for C# help but the translation from Java to C# should be easy.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/saiscode/kheera/blob/master/src/main/java/in/ramachandr/automation/core/extras/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/saiscode/kheera/blob/master/src/main/java/in/ramachandr/automation/core/extras/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifically, look at the -map method which attaches web elements to named strings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected void map(AbstractPage p) {&#xA;    getBys();&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements = new ArrayList&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;();&#xA;    for (By by : bys) {&#xA;        elements.addAll(driver.findElements(by));&#xA;    }&#xA;    PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;    String[] tokens = locators.split(&quot;,&quot;);&#xA;    for(WebElement w: elements) {&#xA;        for (String s : tokens) {&#xA;            try{&#xA;                String attr = w.getAttribute(s);//throws StaleElementReferenceException&#xA;                if (attr != null) {&#xA;                    nameElementMap.put(attr, w);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }catch(StaleElementReferenceException se){&#xA;                //ignoring elements which have become stale because&#xA;                //a stale object shouldn't have to be referenced &#xA;                //by an automation script&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://kheera.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Framework&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23854" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T14:09:41.343" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26991" CreationDate="2017-04-28T15:20:41.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could make a base POM that your country specific POMs inherit from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class BaseProductPOM&#xA;{&#xA;    // all common selectors and methods&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in another .cs file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class UsProductPOM : BaseProductPOM&#xA;{&#xA;    public UsProductPom(IWebDriver driver)&#xA;    {&#xA;        PageFactory.InitElements(driver, this);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // country specific selectors and methods&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T15:20:41.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26704" CreationDate="2017-04-28T15:59:36.297" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solved by using ActionChains:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select_month = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//a[@class='selectBox print-select menuo selectBox-dropdown']&quot;)&#xA;ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(select_month).click().send_keys('Kovas').send_keys(Keys.ENTER).perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25147" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T15:59:36.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27080" CreationDate="2017-04-28T16:18:04.507" Score="2" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package vaishu;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;//import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Anusha {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Users\\ishu\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver r=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        r.get(&quot;http://site24.way2sms.com/content/index.html?&quot;);&#xA;        r.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;9494536902&quot;);&#xA;        r.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;spandana536&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        r.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginBTN&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        r.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='logemail']/following-sibling::*[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        r.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@value='Send Free SMS']&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;            r.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='sendSMS']/child::*&quot;)).click();&#xA;            r.switchTo().frame(&quot;frame&quot;);&#xA;        r.findElement(By.name(&quot;mobile&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;7000214176&quot;);&#xA;        r.findElement(By.id(&quot;message&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;hi&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        r.findElement(By.id(&quot;Send&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T04:40:59.763" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T04:40:59.763" Title="Code executes in chrome perfectly but it executes up to the &quot;send sms only &quot; when I run on Mozilla" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-05-09T08:04:58.550" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26894" CreationDate="2017-04-28T16:27:26.007" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to use &lt;code&gt;findElements&lt;/code&gt; method by using &lt;code&gt;tagName&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; l = obj.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;span&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;get your elements and take what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T04:14:58.427" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T04:14:58.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26997" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="26998" CreationDate="2017-04-28T16:45:22.870" Score="3" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are contracting a 6-month worth of test automation project to a testing firm. A proof of concept has been approved by the management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not evaluated a proof of concept presentation myself, any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T16:53:42.593" Title="From which aspects I should evaluate a proof of concept presentation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26997" CreationDate="2017-04-28T16:53:42.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is my personal experience on evaluating a test automation PoC:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scalability, how easily it is scaled in the future? This aspect manifests itself in a few ways such as how variables are named? How well is the code structured? How encapsulated is it? A code review will tell you all you need to know as for a PoC, there should not be too much code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintainability, how easily is this test automation framework maintained after it is handed over to you by contractors. Does it require an in-depth programming knowledge to maintain?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it data-driven? I am assuming a test framework is data-driven as it is perhaps the most desirable solution. If it is data-driven, what data sources it uses? Excel or something else?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test results reporting? Does it give a brief yet comprehensive test report after each test run? How? E.g. via email and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What services do contractors offer after this project is handed over to you? Discounted maintenance?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T16:53:42.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="26999" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-28T17:57:30.437" Score="3" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a script that requires an excel spreadsheet to be downloaded from a website and opened, ending in an assertion that a certain value exists or not on the spreadsheet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.AssertionError: org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException: Package should contain a content type part [M1.13] at Assert.fail(Assert.java:95)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19005" LastEditorUserId="41012" LastEditDate="2020-03-22T17:07:18.477" LastActivityDate="2020-03-22T17:07:18.477" Title="Unable to open an .xlsx file with script in Selenium WebDriver - getting InvalidFormatException" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;excel&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26958" CreationDate="2017-04-28T18:01:08.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium probably is trying to get the elements before the list is visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the click, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/facebook/php-webdriver/wiki/HowTo-Wait#elements-visibility-and-invisibility&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;try to wait&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$driver-&amp;gt;wait(10, 1000)-&amp;gt;until(&#xA;  WebDriverExpectedCondition::visibilityOfElementLocated(WebDriverBy::cssSelector('#nav-galleries .dropdown-menu'))&#xA;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T18:01:08.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27001" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-28T19:40:36.153" Score="1" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a windows application with Active Directory authentication. I need to test a login\logout\another login flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I have only 1 AD account in the domain, and I can't get another login for testing for auth switching (test accounts are restricted by our policy).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you suggest some trick or some online service for AD account testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPD&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Application read some AD properties for current AD user, so no access restrictions should be in this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9283" LastEditorUserId="9283" LastEditDate="2017-05-04T12:23:48.793" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T12:23:48.793" Title="Testing of application Active Directory auth" Tags="&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27049" CreationDate="2017-04-28T20:39:25.560" Score="2" ViewCount="956" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have this command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@browser.element(:xpath =&amp;gt; &quot;/html/body/app/pages/div/div/div/div[3]/mi-perfil/div/div[3]/datos-personales/div/div[1]/span[2]&quot;).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no problem with the direction of the Xpath, thats why i don't add the HTML code which is gigantic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Problem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i run a scenario that run this command, I get :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;unknown error: Element ... is not clickable at point&#xA;  (431, 8). Other element would receive the click: ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BUT&lt;/strong&gt; when i get into the IRB running each command, the click is done without problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm doing a click there because that span contains a button, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn btn-blue btn-less-rounded btn-s&quot; type=&quot;button&quot;&amp;gt;Guardar&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*If I add &lt;code&gt;/button&lt;/code&gt; to the Xpath i get the same Error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*If I use &lt;code&gt;.exists?&lt;/code&gt; gives =&gt;true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*If I use &lt;code&gt;.visible?&lt;/code&gt; gives =&gt;true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*If I use &lt;code&gt;.text&lt;/code&gt; gives =&gt;Guardar&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25268" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T17:46:17.927" Title="Watir can't click on an element but can on irb" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27003" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27004" CreationDate="2017-04-28T21:10:07.267" Score="1" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following xml:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;tableCell restrictionCell&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;restrictionEditLink&quot;  rId=&quot;202&quot;&amp;gt;edit&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;restrictionDeleteLink&quot;  rId=&quot;202&quot;&amp;gt;delete&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm attempting to extract the value of the rId attribute using the following XPath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td/span/@rId&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In JMeter it's returning 0 matches. If I test it in an online XPath tester, I'm getting the value as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td/span/@class&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter returns the two class values as I expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also attempted to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td/span[@class=&quot;restrictionEditLink&quot;]/@rId&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which also returns 0 results in JMeter, but the rId value in an online XPath tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T21:18:01.863" Title="Unable to return both attributes using XPath in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27003" CreationDate="2017-04-28T21:18:01.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure I can explain this one, but I noticed that the result set in JMeter when searching for &lt;code&gt;@class&lt;/code&gt; was returning &lt;code&gt;rid&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;rId&lt;/code&gt; as it is in the response message being parsed. Changing over to &lt;code&gt;@rid&lt;/code&gt; returns the values I was looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18310" LastActivityDate="2017-04-28T21:18:01.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27002" CreationDate="2017-04-29T00:06:14.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Things I would try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try using find first to see if it scroll the item into view&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try using waits to see if it is a timing issue (start with a sleep to investigate, switch to explicit element wait if found).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try resizing the windowe&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-29T00:06:14.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27006" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27025" CreationDate="2017-04-29T04:35:32.513" Score="5" ViewCount="9610" Body="&lt;p&gt;when i use object.manage().window().maximize(); method the window is not maximizing . The following error shown&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Starting ChromeDriver 2.29.461591 (62ebf098771772160f391d75e589dc567915b233) on port 24144&#xA;Only local connections are allowed.&#xA;Apr 29, 2017 10:04:02 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Detected dialect: OSS&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: cannot get automation extension&#xA;from unknown error: page could not be found: chrome-extension://aapnijgdinlhnhlmodcfapnahmbfebeb/_generated_background_page.html&#xA;  (Session info: chrome=57.0.2987.133)&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.29.461591 (62ebf098771772160f391d75e589dc567915b233),platform=Windows NT 6.1.7601 SP1 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;Command duration or timeout: 10.04 seconds&#xA;Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'&#xA;System info: host: 'NBW7BANINFOS6', ip: '192.168.0.2', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, mobileEmulationEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.29.461591 (62ebf098771772160f391d75e589dc567915b233), userDataDir=C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\scoped_dir10152_31085}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, hasTouchScreen=false, version=57.0.2987.133, platform=XP, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, acceptSslCerts=true, locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour=}]&#xA;Session ID: 824bcb85e7d4e2ad25f1600b97d66907&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:215)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:167)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:671)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:694)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver$RemoteWebDriverOptions$RemoteWindow.maximize(RemoteWebDriver.java:925)&#xA;    at vaishu.Mounika.main(Mounika.java:16)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;please tell me solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-04-29T10:09:25.220" LastActivityDate="2018-12-12T06:24:25.493" Title="Selenium - getting error &quot;cannot get automation extension&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27008" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27009" CreationDate="2017-04-30T00:17:50.883" Score="3" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have been working on a proof of concept project for a potential customer. If it is successful, we will get a 6 month worth of contract from them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have discovered two bugs during this proof of concept stage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are a few web elements on their HTML that are not actually used; in theory, un-used elements should be removed from HTML codes as codes should be kept as short as possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For Child and Infant passengers, Titles need to be selected as well. From a UAT point of view, it is unnecessary to select a Title to a child or an infant. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I report them to our customers right now?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T19:03:31.520" Title="Should I report bugs during Proof of Concept stage?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27008" CreationDate="2017-04-30T00:22:55.617" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal recommendation is to wait until you are formally engaged with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AND&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your discoveries are not really bugs, the first is a bad practice that may lead to bugs; while the second one is a not-so-appropriate business decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T00:22:55.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27011" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27024" CreationDate="2017-04-30T12:00:26.780" Score="3" ViewCount="3174" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will try to be as clear as possible. Lets take an identical test case in both browsers. Open a page and find an element by the following method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(&quot;Logout&quot;))).click(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Absolutely identical cases and it works fine in Chrome but in Firefox it doesn't find the element. I'm using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium 3.4&#xA;GeckoDriver 0.16 &#xA;Firefox 53.0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S After sometime i found out that the only difference is that thous elements that are located in  and which i want to find by text aren't reachable. Even though it works perfectly with Chrome. Is there any way to deal with this or i have to make a totally new class and take another approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25448" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T05:32:23.600" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T05:32:23.600" Title="Selenium GeckoDriver vs ChromeDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;&lt;geckodriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27011" CreationDate="2017-04-30T12:26:28.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will find this a lot between different browsers.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Investigate with manual delays and simple find element to start narrowing down the problem.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You may need to adjust the test code in order for it to be passable in different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T12:26:28.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27008" CreationDate="2017-04-30T17:29:09.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend that you ask the customer.  Tell them that you have a couple of observations and ask if they would like to hear about them.  If they are evaluating your ability to add value, sharing this information should be viewed as positive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T17:29:09.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27014" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-04-30T22:30:29.417" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;Starting up on a Project again, which in its 1st phase the PM agreed us Testers will be using Silk test(never asked just told) Long story short we were able to automate a large part of the application under test before the the Plug was pulled on the Project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Round 2 we are now using another testing Tool (which we are much happier about)&#xA;Has anyone been able to extract out automated test cases from Silk Test? If we can Extract these out and use them in the New tool this would save us a heap of time instead of redoing them completely in the new  test Tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25454" LastActivityDate="2017-04-30T22:30:29.417" Title="Possible to Extract out Silktest Keywords" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;export&gt;&lt;silktest&gt;&lt;keyword-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27015" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27016" CreationDate="2017-04-30T23:33:33.503" Score="2" ViewCount="309" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Long story short&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have got a Proof Of Concept project from a potential customer. We wanted to convince them to use TestComplete and they initially agreed; now this PoC is almost completed with TestComplete but our customer decided to look into Ranorex as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not possible to build a new PoC project with only half of the timeframe, how do we go from here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T17:01:54.800" Title="How to demonstrate Ranorex and TestComplete for a given PoC project?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27015" CreationDate="2017-05-01T03:47:55.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal recommendation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simply copy and paste (not in a literal sense) your test cases from testComplete to Ranorex. Yes there will be some re-coding, but your algorithms stay the same; it should not be a lengthy task.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are your test cases data-driven? If they are, you can re-use your existing test data from testComplete for Ranorex as well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In front your customer, you can demonstrate with two different tools, Ranorex and testComplete, how they compare when executing the same test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T03:47:55.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27020" CreationDate="2017-05-01T08:33:23.100" Score="1" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my case, I choose a file and I open the drop-down menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the drop-down menu are three actions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add tag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove tag&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lock document&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use &quot;Lock document&quot; action and after that if I choose the same file and open the menu,&#xA;the action Lock document will disappear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how to determine the count of actions in the menu?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how to verify if action &quot;Lock document&quot; disappeared ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T13:59:26.133" Title="Count dropdown menu items" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27019" CreationDate="2017-05-01T10:59:25.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a Java developer, but I'll give C# a try as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how to determine the count of actions in the menu?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;IWebElement elem = driver.FindElement(locator);&#xA;SelectElement selectList = new SelectElement(elem);&#xA;IList options = selectList.Options;&#xA;int count = options.Count;&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how to verify if action &quot;Lock document&quot; disappeared ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;bool containsLockDoc = false;&#xA;foreach (IWebElement option in options)&#xA;{&#xA;    string actual = option.Text();&#xA;    string expected = &quot;Lock document&quot;;&#xA;    containsLockDoc = actual.Equals(expected);&#xA;    if(containsLockDoc) {&#xA;        break; // Lock Document exists in the dropdown options list&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T10:59:25.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26966" CreationDate="2017-05-01T11:23:55.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will have to make a data driven framework in which u will pick up data for each test case from excel and store it in HashMaps. Then u can loop over the data in HashMap using for Loop and pick specified values against each Key&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25462" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T11:23:55.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27040" CreationDate="2017-05-01T11:44:28.973" Score="1" ViewCount="8283" Body="&lt;p&gt;While entering only username no problem is occurred. But, if i write code to enter both username &amp;amp; password another page is coming. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;obj.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxx&quot;); //no problem required page coming and entering username.&#xA;if i write two &#xA;ex.  obj.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxx&quot;);&#xA;     obj.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxx&quot;);// different page coming unable to enter username and password.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-05-01T12:40:38.387" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T22:08:38.267" Title="finding difficult to login in gmail" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-05-09T08:06:09.100" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27023" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-01T14:51:08.670" Score="2" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I'm wondering what the benefits of working in QA are before switching over to software engineering. I'm not too concerned about getting pigeonholed into the role of QA or anything like that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the most important things one would learn from taking the QA route first?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, what can I learn from being a QA that would benefit me if I plan to found a startup?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25463" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T02:17:07.957" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T02:17:07.957" Title="What are the benefits of working in QA before working in software or research engineering? What about founding a startup?" Tags="&lt;learning&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27011" CreationDate="2017-05-01T14:57:15.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most reliable way to locate element is by ID or name, or possibly CSS locator. Locating using other element attributes is less reliable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Least reliable is the one method you can find most often in questions (so you can guess that is most error-prone) - by XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think how this functionality is implemented. WebDriver implementation has to have a own mirror copy of browser's DOM, and manipulate own copy to keep it in sync with the browser's copy. And both versions will use caching and other optimizations for performance. Many things can go wrong in such situation, it is amazing it is working as reliably as it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T14:57:15.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27006" CreationDate="2017-05-01T15:31:57.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To work with latest Chrome drivers 2.29 you need to maximize the window using Chrome Options class as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Utility\\BrowserDrivers\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;test-type&quot;);&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;--enable-automation&quot;);&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;test-type=browser&quot;);&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;driver.navigate().to(&quot;http://gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if this answers your Question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24806" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:58:23.633" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:58:23.633" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27026" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27023" CreationDate="2017-05-01T15:39:33.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is hard to answer in absolute terms because differences between  QA and software engineering vary from company to company.  Looking across the nine places I've worked, the difference is more pronounced in big companies than in startups.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is probably less of a concern at a startup than at an established company because users who go with startups tend to be more interested in taking advantage of a new opportunity than in minimizing risk. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do QA at a startup, you may learn about moving quickly, living with resource constraints, and making trade-offs between quality and the interests of early adopters.  You may be able to use what you learn right away at your startup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do QA at an established company, you may learn about using more resources to achieve and maintain a higher level of quality for users who won't tolerate buggy software.  You may not use those experiences right away at a startup, but it may help you plan for the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T15:39:33.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27022" CreationDate="2017-05-01T15:41:14.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will want to add a wait step to wait for the password field to be visible before trying to send the value&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastEditorUserId="15298" LastEditDate="2017-05-01T16:28:22.537" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T16:28:22.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27023" CreationDate="2017-05-01T16:30:11.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having hands-on experience from different stages of the product lifecycle is always beneficial. Experience counts. Attitude is NOT a valid replacement for experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Startups could be (at least) two kinds:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developing custom product for one or small number of customers: very concerned about the quality, making the good impression and building the trust&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developing product for mass market: more concerned about cool features, less concerned about the quality, because is &lt;strong&gt;hoping to gain two new customers with new features for each old customer leaving because of the bugs&lt;/strong&gt;. This strategy can work while you have few percent of the total market, but starts be detrimental to growth once you get 10-20-30%.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course product should pass minimal requirements - if is too buggy to be used, it is too buggy, period. But (to certain level) &lt;strong&gt;early adopters are willing to tolerate quirks and weird workarounds, if other features of the new product cannot be found anywhere else&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As your product matures, this attitude has to change: Only very few companies can survive with the approach like Microsoft had: everyone knows you should do not even bother to use first two released versions of any new product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All developers are concerned about the speed of the development, and &lt;strong&gt;the only speed which matter to startup is &quot;speed to the market&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. If startup misses it's opportunity window, game over. Bigger company might have another chance. This inevitably will influence how either company values QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic automated unit and regression tests are crucial, especially in a startup, because you do not have resources to do lots of manual testing. All team members have to be very productive, and automated test will help them do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T16:30:11.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27029" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27030" CreationDate="2017-05-01T16:44:49.883" Score="3" ViewCount="5438" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use &quot;.xlsx&quot; format Excel file as Data Source in my hand coding Coded UI test. The best information I get is found in &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee624082.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MSDN: Creating a Data-Driven Coded UI Test&lt;/a&gt;, which has useful information regarding of various data format as below, but it doesn't mention about the &quot;.xlsx&quot; format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some more googling and experiment, I finally managed to get it to work. In order to save time for me and someone who might face the same challenge again, I think it's beneficial to document the connection strings and some key points to pay attention to here as later reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following are the data source strings found in the MSDN page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Source Types and Attributes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[DataSource(&quot;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.DataSource.CSV&quot;, &quot;|DataDirectory|\\data.csv&quot;, &quot;data#csv&quot;, DataAccessMethod.Sequential), DeploymentItem(&quot;data.csv&quot;), TestMethod]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Excel&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[DataSource(&quot;System.Data.Odbc&quot;, &quot;Dsn=ExcelFiles;Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};dbq=|DataDirectory|\\Data.xls;defaultdir=.;driverid=790;maxbuffersize=2048;pagetimeout=5;readonly=true&quot;, &quot;Sheet1$&quot;, DataAccessMethod.Sequential), DeploymentItem(&quot;Sheet1.xls&quot;), TestMethod]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test case in Team Foundation Server&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[DataSource(&quot;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.DataSource.TestCase&quot;, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://vlm13261329:8080/tfs/DefaultCollection;Agile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://vlm13261329:8080/tfs/DefaultCollection;Agile&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, &quot;30&quot;, DataAccessMethod.Sequential), TestMethod]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XML&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[DataSource(&quot;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.DataSource.XML&quot;, &quot;|DataDirectory|\\data.xml&quot;, &quot;Iterations&quot;, DataAccessMethod.Sequential), DeploymentItem(&quot;data.xml&quot;), TestMethod]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQL Express&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[DataSource(&quot;System.Data.SqlClient&quot;, &quot;Data Source=.\\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=tempdb;Integrated Security=True&quot;, &quot;Data&quot;, DataAccessMethod.Sequential), TestMethod]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I can convert the &quot;.xlsx&quot; format into the old format &quot;.xls&quot;, but I rather have more options than less.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9388" LastEditorUserId="9388" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T16:05:27.410" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T16:05:27.410" Title="How to use .xlsx Excel files as Data Source for Coded UI test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="13" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27029" CreationDate="2017-05-01T17:56:15.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the Attributes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Source Types and Attributes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Excel, &quot;.xlsx&quot; format&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[DataSource(&quot;System.Data.Odbc&quot;, &quot;Dsn=Excel Files;Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (&lt;strong&gt;*.xls&lt;/strong&gt;)};dbq=|DataDirectory|\\&lt;strong&gt;data.xlsx&lt;/strong&gt;;defaultdir=.;driverid=790;maxbuffersize=2048;pagetimeout=5;readonly=true&quot;, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sheet1$&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;, DataAccessMethod.Sequential), TestMethod]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &quot;&lt;strong&gt;data.xlsx&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is the Excel file you want to use as Data Source, &quot;&lt;strong&gt;Sheet1$&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; is the worksheet you are using in the Excel file. Using this to replace the normal [TestMethod] attribute before the test method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is not working, check the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &quot;data.xlsx&quot; Excel file to your CodedUI Project:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right Click Project -&gt; Add -&gt; Existing Item... -&gt; Add&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check &quot;data.xlsx&quot; Properties in VS, make sure to set &quot;Copy to Output Directory&quot; Property to &quot;Copy always&quot; or &quot;Copy if newer&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you get a connection error,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ERROR [IM002] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] Data source name not found and no default driver specified&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it's most likely due to the fact that you don't have the 2007 Office System Driver installed for the OLEDB provider. (Thanks to &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.danbrust.net/2013/10/10/installing-microsoft-office-data-connectivity-components/#.WQc2p_nyvIU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog.danbrust.net&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://incyclesoftware.com/2015/06/coded-ui-testing-with-excel-xlsx-files/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;incyclesoftware&lt;/a&gt;), you can download it from the following Microsoft link: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=23734&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link 2007 Office System Driver: Data Connectivity Components&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will install the Office 2007 drivers. Since the Access and Excel file formats haven’t changed since 2007, these drivers work just fine with Office 2010, 2016, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another comment for CSV file: if CSV file is not working, check the encoding. It should be ANSI or UTF-8 without BOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9388" LastEditorUserId="9388" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T17:53:22.787" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T17:53:22.787" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27031" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-01T20:08:16.397" Score="2" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;I newbie junior QA. &#xA;Need your advice..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you think how to test this server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Program description&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The program is implemented as a multi-threaded server under Windows&#xA;for processing client requests over TCP / IP.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Launch parameters:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helloworld.exe [port]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The client - any application - connects to the listening program on&#xA;the listening port (4010 by default), sends a request (one byte, any&#xA;value), then the program immediately sends a &quot;Hello, World&quot; test in&#xA;response and closes the connection.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The program accepts up to 5 concurrent client connections.&#xA;The timeout for the client request after the connection is set is 20 seconds, after the timeout expires the program closes the connection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirements for the program&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;High speed processing of customer requests. Reliability, stability of&#xA;work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A task&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Detect bugs in the Hello World 2000 program&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a technical assignment to the utility for automating the testing of the program Hello World 2000 (in any form)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25467" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-05-01T20:48:58.257" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T20:57:53.363" Title="How do you think how to test this server?" Tags="&lt;web&gt;&lt;http&gt;&lt;server&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27034" CreationDate="2017-05-01T20:22:04.290" Score="5" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;A stakeholder has provided a set of requirements for some software &lt;em&gt;widget&lt;/em&gt; for which a requirement was provided along the form of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;widget&lt;/em&gt; shall perform action A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the developer, I won't actually be using the product myself and thus I won't be using this widget to perform action A. In my mind, I should be handing a product to the stakeholder in which I've verified the widget &lt;em&gt;is able to&lt;/em&gt; perform action A. It's up to them to use the widget to perform action A. Because of this reason, I believe a more relevant requirement, especially for testing purposes, should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;em&gt;widget&lt;/em&gt; shall be able to perform action A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a requirement that actually seems testable and can be verified as opposed to the one above. Am I looking at this the right way or am I just splitting hairs? Is there any significant difference between these two requirements from a verification/testing stance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25468" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-01T08:09:48.150" LastActivityDate="2020-10-01T10:31:00.643" Title="Proper way to form a functional requirement" Tags="&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27031" CreationDate="2017-05-01T20:57:53.363" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to clarify &quot;high-speed processing&quot; in its requirement. This kind of descriptive requirements is what we should avoid when drafting requirements. Talk to your developers or business analysts, ask them &quot;how fast is high-speed?&quot; and &quot;How reliably is reliable&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I found it a bit hard to believe that your server only accepts 5 concurrent client connection in parallel. Can you please clarify this as well?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is only one port 4010 available? How do you handle concurrent clients? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I can suggest in terms of a generic test plan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing against requirement: processing is fast enough as per your requirement. You may use some kind of load testing tool that can measure response time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing against requirement: test if 5 clients can connect in parallel? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing against requirement: test 20 seconds timeout, does a connection close after it expires.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing against system security: I noticed there is no authentication or authorization mechanism, is this what you want?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T20:57:53.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27032" CreationDate="2017-05-01T21:04:00.753" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To my understanding:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As the developer, even you will not perform this action; you will still need to test running it as part of your unit tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the case of this action can not be performed due to other parts of software unavailable, you will still need to code a stub to execute it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back to your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The widget shall be able to perform action A&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The widget shall perform action A&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;; carry two different meanings. It is like to say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I shall kick start a new project=  Yes, I am going to do it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I shall be able to kick start a new project = Am I going to do it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T21:04:00.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27035" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-01T21:28:21.257" Score="1" ViewCount="688" Body="&lt;p&gt;Mozilla - 53.0&#xA;and Mozilla - 54.0b2&#xA;Gecko driver - 16.1&#xA;Selenium 3.4&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: The element reference of  stale: either the element is no longer attached to the DOM or the page has been refreshed&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/stale_element_reference.html&#xA;Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happens for the first element after navigating from the homepage to a different page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25469" LastEditorUserId="6897" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T04:24:48.820" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T04:24:48.820" Title="org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: element reference stale either the element is no longer attached to DOM or page has been refreshed" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-05-09T08:45:47.350" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27035" CreationDate="2017-05-01T22:51:52.277" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When navigating from one webpage to another you need to wait for the element's presence / visibility before performing any operations on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;public WebElement find(WebDriver driver, By locator) {&#xA;    WebElement element = null;&#xA;&#xA;    // Maximum number of retries&#xA;    int retry = 3;&#xA;&#xA;    // Timeout for a single try&#xA;    int timeoutInSeconds = 3;&#xA;&#xA;    do {&#xA;        // Initialize wait on the defined web driver&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeoutInSeconds);&#xA;&#xA;        // Wait until the visibility of the web element based on locator&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(locator));&#xA;&#xA;        // If element is present, then it findElement() will return size()&gt;0&#xA;        if(driver.findElements(locator).size() &gt; 0) {&#xA;&#xA;            // Store the first instance of the web element&#xA;            // Similar to using driver.findElements(locator).get(0);&#xA;            element = driver.findElement(locator);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // If element is found&#xA;        if(element!=null) {&#xA;            // exit do-while loop&#xA;            break;&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            // retry again&#xA;            retry--;&#xA;        }&#xA;        // stop retrying if the element is found or there are no retries left&#xA;    } while(element!=null &amp;&amp; retry&gt;0);&#xA;&#xA;    // return the element (if not found will return null)&#xA;    return element;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-01T22:51:52.277" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27037" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27053" CreationDate="2017-05-02T00:04:03.160" Score="2" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;My google skills have added little to my knowledge of this subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I apologize for not having a better background in this topic, however if I continue to answer these redundant questions I may break, mentally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I just knew a script could answer the questions for me, I would learn from scratch in order to teach myself how to create the script to answer the questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally do not know who to ask to determine if this would even be possible.  This has resulted in my presence here, among the people I believe may know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Background:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Website is Java based according to the IT department (also by inspecting the website)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every order requires the answers to a set of drop down questions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will give as much information as I possibly can in order to assist those who are attempting to help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: 12/13/2018&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for the replies.  Over this time away from this question I learned that what I needed to do can be accomplished through a programming language like Java or Python in conjunction with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has been pointed out by a couple of users and I appreciate their help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also found that by using the Tampermonkey/Greasemonkey browser Extension and JavaScript has allowed for a combination of automation of form filling with single clicks as well as increased functionality on the web API that I use for work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you again,&#xA;ferriterr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25471" LastEditorUserId="25471" LastEditDate="2018-12-13T20:51:29.577" LastActivityDate="2018-12-13T20:51:29.577" Title="Work requires answering dozens of drop down questions that are almost always the same. It is written in Java, can I automate answering them?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-05-09T08:03:48.337" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26962" CreationDate="2017-05-02T10:18:11.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your example code is missing a &lt;code&gt;&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and a &lt;code&gt;)&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;By.xpath&lt;/code&gt;. Guess you would get a syntaxError so your real code might be correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you wait for the element, because I think the &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; returns no object ( e.g. NULL) when it is not displayed (yet) and called &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; on a NULL is not possible , resulting in the &lt;code&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/code&gt;. Read: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/how-to-wait-until-an-element-is-present-in-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/how-to-wait-until-an-element-is-present-in-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind findElement does not wait for the element, it just fails instantly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T10:18:11.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27022" CreationDate="2017-05-02T10:58:44.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding problem with gmail is: It have 2 pages for login. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So steps should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter user name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click on Next&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter password.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on signin.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sharing the sample code. Just remember google have change their page. So giving both code which work on new page as well as on old page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;// **** checking if url is of new then use if code otherwise else code.&#xA;if(driver.getCurrentUrl().contains(&quot;https://accounts.google.com/signin/v2/identifier?&quot;)){&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;identifierId&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;identifierNext&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.name(&quot;password&quot;))); &#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;passwordNext&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;    else{&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;next&quot;)).click();&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.name(&quot;Passwd&quot;)));&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;Passwd&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;signIn&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it will help you. Please ignore the multiple creation of wait object. Just provide the snippet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17190" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T10:58:44.297" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-02T11:08:43.327" Score="1" ViewCount="321" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have this Selenium-based test suite written in Java. We are doing functional/integration testing, not unit testing. The test suite is a string of operations and each operation depends on the state of the UI at the start. If the previous operation did not leave the UI in the correct state, recovery is needed, sometimes non-trivial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, the logic of the test suite would ensure that the state is correct every time. However, with various error/exception execution paths this becomes tricky to ensure manually. If I put in Page Object Model (currently not used, because each page is only used by one place in the code anyway, but this might change), tracing the state manually might become even harder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to store the current state somewhere, so that any code that changes the state (opens/closes a dialog, etc) could modify this state, and any code that needs a certain state might check whether it is correct (and recover if it is not). Of course this is still not error-proof, as I might set the state incorrectly in some code. But at least if NoSuchElement exceptions start, I can check if the stored state is real and chase that up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how do I store the state? The only thing I can think of now is a global variable, probably stored in the driver manager helper object, with an enum in it. But this looks somewhat ugly? Might there be a better way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did look into POM guides online but they just propose asserting the state based on autodetection, for example, the title. However, if the assertion fails, there is no way to find out the actual state and recover. In theory I could write a massive DetectState method with autodetection for every state I know, but I'm not sure this is a great idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25477" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T11:15:21.493" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T17:00:58.937" Title="Store the current UI state in a Selenium test (Java)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14255" CreationDate="2017-05-02T12:42:00.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://curl.haxx.se/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cURL&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend using this command-line tool for the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it allows both developers and other testers to reproduce your test or issue you have found by just copy-pasting your command to their console.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;it is available on most platforms: Windows, Linux, MacOs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;many tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/docs/creating_curl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;POSTMan&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://coderwall.com/p/-fdgoq/chrome-developer-tools-adds-copy-as-curl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Network Panel in Chrome Developer Tools&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwareishard.com/blog/planet-mozilla/firebug-tip-resend-http-request/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FireBug in Firefox&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://lornajane.net/posts/2015/proxy-curl-through-charles-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Charles Proxy&lt;/a&gt; have an option to copy a recorded HTTP Request as cURL command.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example of curl command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;curl http://httpbin.org/post --data &quot;some-data&quot; -v&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;together with HTTP Request sent: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;* Hostname was NOT found in DNS cache&#xA;*   Trying 23.21.245.14...&#xA;* Connected to httpbin.org (23.21.245.14) port 80 (#0)&#xA;&amp;gt; POST /post HTTP/1.1&#xA;&amp;gt; User-Agent: curl/7.37.1&#xA;&amp;gt; Host: httpbin.org&#xA;&amp;gt; Accept: */*&#xA;&amp;gt; Content-Length: 9&#xA;&amp;gt; Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded&#xA;&amp;gt;&#xA;* upload completely sent off: 9 out of 9 bytes&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and HTTP Response received:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt; HTTP/1.1 200 OK&#xA;&amp;lt; Connection: keep-alive&#xA;* Server gunicorn/19.7.1 is not blacklisted&#xA;&amp;lt; Server: gunicorn/19.7.1&#xA;&amp;lt; Date: Tue, 02 May 2017 12:39:15 GMT&#xA;&amp;lt; Content-Type: application/json&#xA;&amp;lt; Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *&#xA;&amp;lt; Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true&#xA;&amp;lt; Content-Length: 387&#xA;&amp;lt; Via: 1.1 vegur&#xA;&amp;lt;&#xA;{&#xA;  &quot;args&quot;: {},&#xA;  &quot;data&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;files&quot;: {},&#xA;  &quot;form&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;some-data&quot;: &quot;&quot;&#xA;  },&#xA;  &quot;headers&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;Accept&quot;: &quot;*/*&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Connection&quot;: &quot;close&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Content-Length&quot;: &quot;9&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Content-Type&quot;: &quot;application/x-www-form-urlencoded&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Host&quot;: &quot;httpbin.org&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;User-Agent&quot;: &quot;curl/7.37.1&quot;&#xA;  },&#xA;  &quot;json&quot;: null,&#xA;  &quot;origin&quot;: &quot;88.221.209.14&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;url&quot;: &quot;http://httpbin.org/post&quot;&#xA;}&#xA;* Connection #0 to host httpbin.org left intact&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T12:47:08.103" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T12:47:08.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25888" CreationDate="2017-05-02T14:37:34.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will write &lt;strong&gt;pseudocode&lt;/strong&gt; that might pose some challenge (or not at all, depending on your experience), but is very robust when coded properly. Use explicit waits only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this way, you will learn something and also find your solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;selectOptionWithText(string cat)&#xA;{&#xA;  sendKeys(cat); // put this in your method instead of before&#xA;  wait.Until(dropdown with expected value == visible);&#xA;  click expected value;&#xA;  wait.Until(dropdown != visible);&#xA;  wait.Until(expected value is in the input field);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T14:37:34.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7432" CreationDate="2017-05-02T14:38:42.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This works for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement elmnt =driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='signOutLink']&quot;));   &#xA;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;  &#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, elmnt);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25480" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T04:55:28.803" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T04:55:28.803" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27045" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-02T14:59:37.287" Score="9" ViewCount="2871" Body="&lt;p&gt;A flaky test is a test which could fail or pass for the same configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the plugins that you use to identify and handle flaky tests on Jenkins?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have found the following two&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Flaky+Test+Handler+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Flaky Test Handler Plugin&lt;/a&gt;: This plugin is designed to handle flaky tests, including re-running failed tests, aggregate and report flaky tests statistics and so on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Test+Results+Analyzer+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Results Analyzer Plugin&lt;/a&gt;: Displays a matrix subsequent runs of the same tests, so you can identify which tests are ocassionaly red.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2020-07-19T15:05:35.477" Title="What are Jenkins plugins to monitor and handle flaky tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6359" CreationDate="2017-05-02T15:13:37.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option is using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.macports.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MacPorts&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ sudo port install python34 python35&#xA;[...]&#xA;$ python3.4 -V&#xA;Python 3.4.6&#xA;$ python3.5 -V&#xA;Python 3.5.3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also select which version should be used when running &lt;code&gt;python3&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ port select python3&#xA;Available versions for python3:&#xA;    none&#xA;    python34 (active)&#xA;    python35&#xA;$ sudo port select python3 python35&#xA;Password:&#xA;Selecting 'python35' for 'python3' succeeded. 'python35' is now active.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25481" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T15:13:37.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27041" CreationDate="2017-05-02T16:55:11.230" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your test would be simpler if they all start from known good position. Don't attempt recovery: any such effort will be inherently fragile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test might fail in subtle unanticipated ways making recovery wrong (for that failure only), causing following tests to fail. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may have a bug in recovery code, making following valid tests fail. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;end product of the test run will change, so you will have to change (and debug) the recovery.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will waste time fixing recovery code. Instead, spend time to make flushing all changes made by test and starting with &quot;clean slate&quot; faster. It scales better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compared to unit test, UI test are harder to make independent, so I just tend to make fewer but longer running test. Some of my functional tests run for 10 minutes or more, because it takes a long time to prepare set of conditions to be tested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is hard choice to start new test (which might require long run to prepare conditions), or just pile up new tested feature on top of another test which already made necessary efforts to prepare the conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T17:00:58.937" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T17:00:58.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27015" CreationDate="2017-05-02T17:01:54.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend to not implement the test suite in Ranorex again. The simple reason: from a watcher perspective, both automation tools will perform the same actions, if everything goes well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, make a qualitative analysis of Ranorex' pros and cons compared to TestComplete. A search for &quot;TestComplete vs Ranorex&quot; will probably bring up some search results. Then, try Ranorex yourself if you haven't yet and compare the capabilities to TestComplete. Most probably, you will not have to implement a full test suite to get a comprehensive picture. Instead, experiment with tiny use cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before doing this, get yourself clear about your customer's needs. Will he be maintaining the test suite himself later? What are the testers' skill levels? Budget constraints? What are his concerns regarding TestComplete, why look into Ranorex at all? Is TestComplete the currently chosen technology?&#xA;A decision like TestComplete vs Ranorex is also a strategic one: you cannot clearly anticipate the effects; you will make a guess what will be best for the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are no advocate of Ranorex yet (since you recommended TestComplete to your customer in the first place), be open to have your opinion changed. I myself have done an analysis in the past where we evaluated a transition from TestComplete to Ranorex. Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/support/user-guide-20.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex' User Guide&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ranorex.com/Documentation/Ranorex/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API documentation&lt;/a&gt;. In my opinion, judging based on these two and comparing it to TestComplete's equivalents, Ranorex is the clear winner. But the biggest advantage in my opinion: Ranorex builds everything to native C# code, whereas TestComplete is powered by some script language in different dialects. With some imagination, this implies huge benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you fear to lose your customer because you cannot support him with a pro-Ranorex decision, I am afraid to see no other option but to disguise your customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full disclosure: I am not associate with Ranorex. Just a confident user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T17:01:54.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27002" CreationDate="2017-05-02T17:46:17.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finally I managed to click on it.&#xA;What happened is that the button wasn't directly visible when it did the click so the error pop up. And with watir alone was extremely dificult but I manage to scroll easier with &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;gem install watir-scroll&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you add to the step file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require 'watir-scroll'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in the code before the click I put this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@browser.element(blabla).scroll.to :center&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this i make sure the button is in the visible part of the Browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for the hints ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25268" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T17:46:17.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26570" CreationDate="2017-05-02T17:52:19.840" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is this line of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; var links =   PropertiesCollections.driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(&quot;Delete&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Click method does not return an element, so you can't assign it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T17:52:19.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27008" CreationDate="2017-05-02T19:03:31.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would approach this as though I already had the contract signed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although this isn't technically the requirements phase, anomalies or defects found at this stage are critical because they can modify an entire flow or process. For that reason, I would document the issues found (in whatever format makes sense, such as an Excel spreadsheet, or simply a bullet point in an e-mail, or if screenshots are involved then a document with step-by-step explanations and screenshots). Then I'd share them with the customer as a &quot;by the way, I noticed...&quot; informative e-mail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you don't get the job, you want the negotiations to end on a positive note. If I were the customer, I would appreciate any heads up toward improving the design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="51" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T19:03:31.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27037" CreationDate="2017-05-02T19:45:15.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(I don't have enough rep so I'm posting this as a top level answer rather than a comment. Please delete it if it violates any ToS.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have an automation background, you could use &lt;a href=&quot;http://kheera.in/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;my tool&lt;/a&gt; to achieve this. It provides a collection of verbs to support automation operations like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;open a URL &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;click on web elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;put text &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clear text fields etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd be happy to work with you to write your first automated scripts if you want which you can then replicate for further use. Since I only just launched it, documentation is a little spotty but I believe it can easily achieve what you wish to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23854" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T19:45:15.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27037" CreationDate="2017-05-02T19:52:15.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are new to web automation, try one of the free record &amp;amp; replay tools to get started. These are easier to use than &quot;pure&quot; Selenium/Webdriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-automation#formfilling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu Web Automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/imacros-for-firefox/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;iMacros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastEditorUserId="23331" LastEditDate="2017-05-02T23:08:31.010" LastActivityDate="2017-05-02T23:08:31.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16911" CreationDate="2017-05-03T02:40:57.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another thing to look at is any potential dependencies between the form inputs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, you might have a promotion or coupon in your website. You have a web app which lets you set the expiry time (just time and not date) of a coupon &amp;amp; time zone of the place where you want to show the coupon. One bug could be that when you change the time zone, the expiry time might get changed to that time zone, automatically. I have seen such a bug in an actual application. It was not an intended feature, but a bug. I am not sure, but I suspect that the bug was due to bad programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T02:40:57.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27055" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-03T03:29:29.570" Score="1" ViewCount="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know about the automated testing tool that are used to verify the object level code of an application, an application that interacts with the hardware and in particular the testing tool that is used to test application in vehicle launch station.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25490" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T03:29:29.570" Title="What is the automated testing tool that helps in verfying the object level code of an application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-03T19:42:59.060" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27056" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-03T04:04:18.170" Score="1" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a fresher right now and I want to test the mobile application (Android / iOS) so how to start for testing in the beginning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25491" LastEditorUserId="22534" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T11:06:46.413" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T11:06:46.413" Title="How to test the mobile application for fresher?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-05-03T14:21:03.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27057" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27058" CreationDate="2017-05-03T05:28:44.623" Score="3" ViewCount="661" Body="&lt;p&gt;Desktop application will be hosted on &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/appstream2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AppStream&lt;/a&gt; and all process goes at the AWS side, at the client end just in the browser he can stream the application and use it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to automate that streaming application? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25492" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T08:17:47.757" LastActivityDate="2020-06-26T19:55:21.313" Title="Is there any tool to automate desktop application which is hosted on Amazon AWS AppStream 2.0?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27057" CreationDate="2017-05-03T06:46:28.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SikuliX&lt;/a&gt; automates anything you see on the screen of your desktop computer running Windows, Mac or some Linux/Unix. It uses image recognition powered by OpenCV to identify and control GUI components. This is handy in cases when there is no easy access to a GUI's internals or the source code of the application or web page you want to act on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T06:46:28.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12997" CreationDate="2017-05-03T07:46:08.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To run visual tests on windows virtual machines you will need to disable the screen-saver, hibernate and auto-locking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To schedule tests you need to make sure the schedule runs them as the active logged in user. By default scheduled windows tasks run with the access of the service itself. This service has it's own desktop environment. You need to setup the &lt;a href=&quot;https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/windows/en-US/c03d6691-b058-4f8d-961c-e8eba25bbaed/task-scheduler-problem-run-whether-user-is-logged-on-or-not?forum=w7itprogeneral&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RunAs correctly&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI&lt;/a&gt; services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://circleci.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CircleCI&lt;/a&gt;. They have services called agents which by default are configured correctly to run you test runs. Install the agent on the VM and let the Ci services take care of it. Might also need extra configuration still, but at least my experience is good with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T10:12:15.220" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T10:12:15.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27057" CreationDate="2017-05-03T08:20:58.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a streaming application image-based testing (e.g. Sikuli) is probably the only way you can test it with automation. This as the probably only the image is send to the view and the mouse and keyboard clicks. There are a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testandtry.com/2010/02/01/5-great-automation-tools-based-on-image-recognition/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;couple of tools&lt;/a&gt; that can do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would do your full regression testing like this. It might be a lot of maintenance on the tests, as every time the visuals change you need to update the tests. This could be better if you take really small unique partial screenshots of buttons and elements. Then even when they move it should work, but any design change (font, letter-spacing or background-color) would break everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better is just to add some happy path tests to verify it works end-to-end. I would advise test most features separate of the streaming even if you do not have users that do not use a non-streamed version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T08:20:58.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27062" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-03T10:02:02.637" Score="3" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm working on automation test for a big project and I'm using **Phpunit** for functional test and as a server **selenium webdriver**.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I want to execute many tests using **different browsers** , I don't know what's the appropriate configuration to addend my objective, it's in **phpunit.xml** or in the test class, because in the **SetUp() method** I can work only with one browser.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is my SetUp() method&#xA;                                                &#xA;     public function setUp()&#xA;     {&#xA;        $capabilities = array(\WebDriverCapabilityType::BROWSER_NAME =&gt; 'internet explorer');&#xA;        $this-&gt;webDriver = RemoteWebDriver::create('http://10.157.3.206:4570/wd/hub',$capabilities);&#xA;     }&#xA;I tried to follow this Link : &lt;br&gt;&#xA;  http://elnur.pro/using-environment-variables-to-add-flexibility-to-phpunit-tests&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But Error is generated , **Class Browser Not found** &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can anyone help me to resolve this ?? &lt;br&gt;&#xA;Thank you.&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25496" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:29:20.117" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:29:20.117" Title="How to configure Phpunit.xml to use multiple browsers in Phpunit test with selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27057" CreationDate="2017-05-03T10:33:19.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What makes &lt;strong&gt;Sikuli&lt;/strong&gt; exceptional is the &lt;strong&gt;object recognition by images , while other tools in the list recognize the objects by objects properties.&lt;/strong&gt; Clearly, there are advantages and disadvantages for both methods. The image recognition is performed by an background engine that is  capable of comparing a pixel to a pixel at BitMap level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&#xA;Since the technique of &lt;strong&gt;comparing pictures&lt;/strong&gt; doesn’t rely on object properties, Sikuli can interpret everything we’ll create – while executing one test, it is possible to check a DB table, a Windows window, also a mobile application and a response from the server without dedication any efforts or special configurations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18437" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T10:33:19.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27064" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-03T12:52:42.043" Score="3" ViewCount="751" Body="&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm working on test automation for a big project and I'm using Phpunit and as a server I'm using selenium webdriver.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In the source code I'm using asserts like :&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;assertContains('Project Title', $this-&amp;gt;webDriver-&amp;gt;getTitle());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm wondering how can I add the if-else condition that when it's false I can have a popup or to stop the test.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25496" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:29:51.447" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:29:51.447" Title="How to add an assert to an if ..else condition using Phpunit and selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;assert&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27019" CreationDate="2017-05-03T13:59:26.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the code for menu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;dropdown-menu&quot; role=&quot;menu&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;mlck divider&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;mlck&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;divider&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;divider&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;tagl(); return false;&quot; tabindex=&quot;6&quot; role=&quot;menuitemradio&quot;&amp;gt;Lock document&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;mlck divider&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;mlck&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement elem = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(apath));&#xA;            SelectElement selectList = new SelectElement(elem);&#xA;            IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; options = selectList.Options;&#xA;&#xA;            bool containsLockDoc = false;&#xA;            foreach (IWebElement option in options)&#xA;            {&#xA;                string actual = option.Text;&#xA;                string expected = &quot;Lock document&quot;;&#xA;                containsLockDoc = actual.Equals(expected);&#xA;                if (containsLockDoc)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    break; // Lock Document exists in the dropdown options list&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I got error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI.UnexpectedTagNameException: Element should have been select but was ul&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T13:59:26.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27066" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-03T14:31:19.060" Score="0" ViewCount="9293" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using below code using Testng, getting error Null Pointer exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Login_SF {&#xA;&#xA;public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;String text;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA; public void Login() {&#xA;&#xA;  System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\BobbyReddy\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    //Launch Browser&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    //Get site and do Login&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://login.salesforce.com/&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(100, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxx&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Login&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(100, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    //Verify page title&#xA;    String pageTitle = driver.getTitle();&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Home | Salesforce&quot;, pageTitle);&#xA;}   &#xA;@Test(priority=2)&#xA;public void Marketingtab() throws InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(@class,'salesforceIdentityAppLauncherHeader')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(10000);    &#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@title='Marketing']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error: FAILED: Marketingtab &lt;strong&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&lt;/strong&gt;    at&#xA;  salesforce.Login_SF.Marketingtab(Login_SF.java:41)    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)   at&#xA;  java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)   at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:108)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:661)   at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:869)    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1193)  at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:126)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:744)    at&#xA;  org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:602)    at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:380)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:375)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:340)   at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:289)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)   at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1301)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1226)  at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1144)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1115)   at&#xA;  org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:230)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:76)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25499" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-03T14:53:00.590" LastActivityDate="2020-05-10T10:44:36.617" Title="Selenium Testng, getting error Null Pointer exception" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2020-05-11T05:43:01.790" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27067" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27072" CreationDate="2017-05-03T15:48:36.880" Score="3" ViewCount="3870" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to validate response assertion with  XML elements see below http response example? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct?&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7etHR.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7etHR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RoLSj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RoLSj.png&quot; alt=&quot;Response Data in jemeter&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T13:11:55.050" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T13:11:55.050" Title="How to validate response assertion with XML elements?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26675" CreationDate="2017-05-03T16:08:41.353" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have seen the same thing, our box that runs our automation has been running out of space. We found out that Chrome was the culprit. I don't have the answer to solve the root problem, but I have created a batch script that I have scheduled to run daily on windows machine that cleans up all the temporary folders. To create a batch file just open notepad, copy and paste the below commands into the text area and save it with the extension _____.bat at that point you should be able to setup a scheduled task through Windows Task Scheduler to run that batch file as often as you would like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@echo off&#xA;cd %temp%&#xA;for /d %%D in (*) do rd /s /q &quot;%%D&quot;&#xA;del /f /q *&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10716803/batch-file-to-perform-start-run-temp-and-delete-all?answertab=votes#tab-top&quot;&gt;Source for batch script&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6053" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T16:08:41.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27069" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-03T16:54:01.130" Score="3" ViewCount="981" Body="&lt;p&gt;New to automation and Cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a .feature test case (a simple login function) that I would like to run in multiple browsers in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to store the browser properties in a global property file and then be able to use this in my runner class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestion on how to implement this would be helpful!!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S: Using JUnit for my unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25501" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T16:54:01.130" Title="How to run same test case in different browsers in Cucumber using Java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26675" CreationDate="2017-05-03T18:38:05.003" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote PowerShell script that clears out those temp folders and kills all browsers/webdrivers that were left running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Chrome - Browser&#xA;kill -processname chrome -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue &#xA;# Chrome - WebDriver&#xA;kill -processname chromedriver -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue&#xA;&#xA;# Firefox - Browser&#xA;kill -processname firefox -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue&#xA;# Firefox - WebDriver&#xA;kill -processname geckodriver -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue&#xA;&#xA;# Internet Explorer - Browser&#xA;kill -processname iexplore -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue&#xA;# Internet Explorer - WebDriver&#xA;kill -processname IEDriverServer -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue&#xA;&#xA;# Edge - Browser Pt.1&#xA;kill -processname MicrosoftEdge -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue&#xA;# Edge - Browser Pt.2&#xA;kill -processname MicrosoftEdgeCP -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue&#xA;# Edge - WebDriver&#xA;kill -processname MicrosoftWebDriver -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue&#xA;&#xA;# Clear Chrome's Temp files&#xA;$path=$env:LOCALAPPDATA + &quot;\Temp\scoped_dir*&quot;&#xA;Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $path&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-03T18:38:05.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27071" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-03T21:20:42.153" Score="4" ViewCount="530" Body="&lt;p&gt;I got this html (It's simplified to see the deep)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;frameset&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;frame&amp;gt;&#xA;            #document&#xA;                &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;form&amp;gt;&#xA;                                &amp;lt;table&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                                                &amp;lt;input :) &amp;gt;&#xA;                                            &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;                                &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/frame&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/frameset&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And when i run this commands i get the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@browser.element(:xpath =&amp;gt; &quot;/html&quot;).exists?&lt;/code&gt; =&gt; TRUE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@browser.element(:xpath =&amp;gt; &quot;/html/frameset&quot;).exists?&lt;/code&gt; =&gt; TRUE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@browser.element(:xpath =&amp;gt; &quot;/html/frameset/frame&quot;).exists?&lt;/code&gt; =&gt; TRUE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@browser.element(:xpath =&amp;gt; &quot;/html/frameset/frame/html&quot;).exists?&lt;/code&gt; =&gt; FALSE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;#document&lt;/code&gt; apparently is hiding the rest since after that, the rest is FALSE.&#xA;I tried to get the Xpath with Chrome by left click on the code but i get the &quot;inner code&quot; like from the second &lt;code&gt;html&lt;/code&gt; and not from the first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can i access the input of that code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*If i run &lt;code&gt;@browser.frame.text.include? Something&lt;/code&gt; where the &quot;Something&quot; is inside the table, it returns TRUE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25268" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T19:42:26.323" Title="Watir can't locate an element with xpath" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-08-08T02:57:39.580" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27067" CreationDate="2017-05-04T07:13:45.213" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath Assertion&lt;/a&gt; would be a better match for XML data, the relevant XPath expression to check whether &lt;code&gt;sampledUrl&lt;/code&gt; node text is equal to &lt;code&gt;http://abc.com/off/paul.html&lt;/code&gt; will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//sampledUrl/text()='http://abc.com/off/paul.html'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/saK6a.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/saK6a.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter XPath Assertion Example&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in Three Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on conditionally failing JMeter samplers with different types of assertions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T07:13:45.213" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27074" CreationDate="2017-05-04T07:40:11.290" Score="2" ViewCount="4975" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yesterday I struggled with waiting for a loading indicator to be removed. Added this question and answer here because we spend a lot of time on it and Google didn't help much. Hopefully this will help others in the future. Still if you have a different or better solution to this problem please post your answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Situation&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a &lt;a href=&quot;http://react.semantic-ui.com/modules/dropdown&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dropdown build with Semantic-UI&lt;/a&gt;. When we open the dropdown the dropdown starts loading the data. In the test we need to wait until the dropdown is fully loaded which takes random between 500-2000ms. Then we can process the test to select or retrieve the needed items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Relevant version from package.json:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;semantic-ui&quot;: &quot;^2.2.9&quot;,&#xA;&quot;semantic-ui-react&quot;: &quot;^0.66.0&quot;&#xA;&quot;jest&quot;: &quot;^19.0.2&quot;,&#xA;&quot;selenium-webdriver&quot;: &quot;^3.3.0&quot;,&#xA;&quot;chromedriver&quot;: &quot;^2.29.0&quot;,&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally I would use the &lt;code&gt;until.elementIsNotVisible(element)&lt;/code&gt; function to wait for the loading element to be not visible, but Semantic-UI does not remove the element it changes it to a 'V' dropdown-arrow icon by removing the &lt;code&gt;loading&lt;/code&gt; class from the element. Thus the element stays visible it is just changed. Also I do not want to add a sleep for 3000ms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To complicate it even more the loading image is added as content to a &lt;code&gt;::After&lt;/code&gt; CSS part, which cannot be used in CSS or Xpath locators. You cannot check for elements based on it attributes this way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way is to wait for &lt;code&gt;loading&lt;/code&gt; class to be removed from the parent div and not check the image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I detect class changes on elements with plain selenium-webdriver in JavaScript?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-04T07:47:18.257" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T08:25:08.583" Title="Wait for element change not present (WebDriver/JavaScript/Jest)" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;jestjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27073" CreationDate="2017-05-04T07:46:47.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created my own &lt;code&gt;isNotPresent&lt;/code&gt; wait-until method which uses a locator so you can check if an element with a certain class is not present anymore. This loops over the locator either until the timeout is reached or no elements with that locator are present.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import webdriver from 'selenium-webdriver';   &#xA;&#xA;export default class Element {&#xA;  static defaultTimeOut() { return 30000; }&#xA;&#xA;  // other helper methods ...&#xA;&#xA;  static async isNotPresent(driver, locator) {&#xA;    await driver.wait(() =&amp;gt; {&#xA;      return driver.findElements(locator).then((elements) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        if (elements.length &amp;lt;= 0) {&#xA;          return true;&#xA;        }&#xA;        return false;&#xA;      });&#xA;    }, Element.defaultTimeOut(), 'The element was still present when it should have disappeared.');&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example implementation code parts to showcase usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import Element from '../Util/WaitForElements';&#xA;&#xA;async waitUntilFiltersLoaded() {&#xA;  await Element.isNotPresent(this.driver, By.css('.filterPanel .loading'));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T07:46:47.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27075" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-04T08:09:52.890" Score="3" ViewCount="2015" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having trouble understanding the role of QA in earlier phases of the SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The role of QA is obvious in the testing phase, but I can not see how QA should participate before that, especially in the planning, designing, or implementation phases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T15:52:43.327" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T17:24:04.933" Title="What are the &quot;roles of QA in SDLC&quot;" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-05-31T09:07:56.863" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27076" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-04T08:17:45.033" Score="5" ViewCount="660" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our system under test is a GUI application.&#xA;It appears beneficial to have test cases isolated, i.e. their execution does not depend on each other. For example, a later test case should not rely on objects created in a prior test case. By isolating them, there are no implicit dependencies and it becomes easier to maintain them (rearrange them, rewrite them, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following options to implement isolation come to my mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;objects created during a test case are deleted explicitly at the end of it; global settings that were changed are restored to their defaults explicitly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;restart the SUT and reset it to its defaults by deleting the application's data store (e.g. directory in Windows' %appdata%)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if your application allows the import of settings, import a defined settings file (e.g. the defaults after installation) at the beginning of a test case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there other options? Do you know of any literature? Or is isolation not so important, or even undesireable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastEditorUserId="22362" LastEditDate="2017-05-04T08:53:56.620" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T22:24:49.170" Title="How to isolate test cases from each other?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;test-architecture&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27077" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-04T08:25:04.923" Score="2" ViewCount="39" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to learn about CMMI process. Like what it is, how it can be effective to make process smooth and mainly, how can we implement this in an organization?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to know from the very beginning to the end step by step. If any one knows any good source, it will be easiest for me to starting learning. Otherwise, I have to visit and search on google.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5351" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T08:25:04.923" Title="How to implement CMMI in any organization?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-05T02:38:00.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-04T10:19:26.047" Score="1" ViewCount="1837" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am beginner in learning selenium. My code is like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;http://opensource.demo.orangehrmlive.com/&quot;);&#xA;String T = driver.getTitle();&#xA;System.out.println(T); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of the actual page title, it always displays &quot;WebDriver&quot; as output on the console.&#xA;I am using Internet Explorer as a driver. I tried with different URLs but every time same result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25511" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-04T11:23:04.570" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T13:24:55.867" Title="driver.getTitle() returns &quot;WebDriver&quot; string everytime for different webpages" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27078" CreationDate="2017-05-04T11:51:42.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I am correct I think u r using Selenium in an organization where all websites are firewalled except ur organizational websites, web apps that are y u r getting WebDriver as a return value.&#xA;Please try with your organizational websites web app or timesheets etc.., with gettitle(), it will definitely fetch you the title of the currently opened website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the issue still persists please let us know.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25513" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-04T13:16:56.470" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T13:16:56.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26995" CreationDate="2017-05-04T13:25:12.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your code is absolutely fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid using &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(5000);&lt;/code&gt; in your code, instead use &lt;code&gt;ImplicitlyWait&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ExplicitWait&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;While you switchover to a frame, induce some &lt;code&gt;wait&lt;/code&gt; for the elements on the frame to render.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rendering of elements present in the HTML DOM is done differently by different browsers (e.g. Chrome, Mozilla, IE, Safari, Edge, Opera), so you have induce proper &lt;code&gt;wait&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to provide name of the instances which is closer, e.g instead of &lt;code&gt;WebDriver r&lt;/code&gt; you can &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here is the working code on Mozilla Firefox 53.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Users\\ishu\\geckodriver.exe&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;WebDriver r=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;r.get(&quot;http://site24.way2sms.com/content/index.html?&quot;);&#xA;r.findElement(By.name(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;9494536902&quot;);&#xA;r.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;spandana536&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;r.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginBTN&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;r.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='logemail']/following-sibling::*[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;r.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@value='Send Free SMS']&quot;)).click();&#xA;Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;r.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='sendSMS']/child::*&quot;)).click();&#xA;r.switchTo().frame(&quot;frame&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;r.findElement(By.name(&quot;mobile&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;7000214176&quot;);&#xA;r.findElement(By.id(&quot;message&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;hi&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;r.findElement(By.id(&quot;Send&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if this works for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24806" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T02:31:20.473" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T02:31:20.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26125" CreationDate="2017-05-04T13:35:22.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no need for Groovy. You can use a JDBC TestStep for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/jdbc/getting-started.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.soapui.org/jdbc/getting-started.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can extract value from the, as a xml presented, results at the same way as you can on a xml respons from a webservice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To do this you can ad a property trasfer step betweeen the jdbc step and the SOAP request. Create a new transfer by clicking the green + sign. In the source select the jdbc step and pick response asxml from the property list. Using xpath you can specify the field you want to get the data from. In the target field select the SOAP request, and pick request form property. Here too you can use xpath te specify the destination of the value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastEditorUserId="20899" LastEditDate="2017-05-04T14:14:22.897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T14:14:22.897" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27082" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27094" CreationDate="2017-05-04T13:45:21.403" Score="1" ViewCount="3644" Body="&lt;p&gt;Multiple response assertions and Xpath assertions not working see below.could you please explain it with example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wi1NU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wi1NU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iLsAo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iLsAo.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T06:19:37.820" Title="Multiple response assertions and Xpath assertions not working" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27083" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="559" CreationDate="2017-05-04T13:55:54.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: My group has had success with writing tests that only specify high-level operations, while maintaining a single, separate document with more detailed instructions for many of those high-level operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At my company we recently had two projects that took different approaches to level of detail in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Project 1 took the detailed approach for both instructions and expected results. Things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the OK button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select widget X. Drag it into pane Y. (In this case, there were multiple ways of adding the widget to the pane, but the offshore testers almost always wrote it the same way.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The dialog closes. (Usually the dialog close functionality was not the actual subject of the test, and later things would have failed if the dialog hadn't closed.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was on this project, but I didn't like this approach. We were constantly receiving dry run feedback on tests about &quot;missing instruction to click OK&quot;, and other little things that didn't relate to what was being tested, but caused confusion since they didn't match the level of detail of the rest of the testing. It was often difficult to discern what was actually being tested since there were so many details. And if even a little detail of the design was changed? Lots of rework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Project 2 took a more high-level approach, but with a twist. The tests themselves were very high level. Things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add widget X to list Y.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a new widget.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure widget X to have wings and breathe fire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The twist was that there was a &lt;strong&gt;separate document that gave detailed instructions for many of these high-level operations&lt;/strong&gt;. Individual tests could focus on the particular feature being tested, and testers could refer to the other document if they didn't know how to perform an operation. This made it easier to read through a test and understand what it intended to test, and also made updates much easier since design details were in fewer places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, if a test was actually testing creating widgets, the instructions would be more detailed and include expected results along the way. But most of the time having some widgets available was just setup for testing something else later in the protocol, so it didn't add value to confirm creating a widget worked correctly every single time a test needed to create one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T19:14:01.587" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T19:14:01.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26399" CreationDate="2017-05-04T15:35:48.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the name comes from the resulting graph over-time, which is called a stairstep graph. I don't think it is official, but more some terms added together which seemed logical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The step load pattern increases the user load periodically during the load test.&#xA;Creating a stairstep graph where you show number of users vs time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/shNoy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/shNoy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This instead of a continuous increase over time. Let say you increase the number of users by 60 each minute. This would generate a stairstep. You could also add a user each second increasing it linear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to: Change the Load Pattern: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182586(v=vs.80).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182586(v=vs.80).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T15:35:48.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27085" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-04T17:01:26.720" Score="2" ViewCount="2495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been playing around with Selenium Cucumber and came across this error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Type mismatch: Cannot convert from Class StepDefinition to Class?extends Runner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.cucumber.JUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;&#xA;import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;&#xA;&#xA;import com.cucumber.steps.StepDefinition;&#xA;&#xA;@RunWith(StepDefinition.class)&#xA;@CucumberOptions(&#xA;  format = { &quot;pretty&quot;, &quot;html:report/test-report&quot; },&#xA;  features = { &quot;src/test/resources/sample.feature&quot; },&#xA;  glue = { &quot;com.cucumber.steps.StepDefinition&quot; }&#xA;)&#xA;&#xA;public class SampleCucumberJUnitRunner {&#xA;  //Note: As with all Cucumber tests, the .feature file(s) will define what &#xA;will actually run.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unable to understand the source of error even though I have imported the class correctly. Am I missing something???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciable. Thanks in advance!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25501" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T09:44:33.583" Title="Cucumber: Type Mismatch cannot covert from Class &lt;Step Definition&gt; to Class&lt;?extends Runner&gt; in eclipse" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27086" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-04T18:33:25.467" Score="4" ViewCount="3173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to download an application and check if it's downloaded into my local system or not. But when I click the download link I have a popup with Save or Cancel options, which is stopping me from downloading the file. I googled and found some solutions and tried to change the profile of Firefox by adding the below code, but it is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;, 2);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.alertOnEXEOpen&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsksaveToDisk&quot;, &quot;application/x-msexcel,application/excel,application/x-excel,application/excel,application/x-excel,application/excel,application/vnd.ms-excel,application/x-excel,application/x-msexcel&quot;);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.focusWhenStarting&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.alwaysAsk.force&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.alertOnEXEOpen&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.closeWhenDone&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.showAlertOnComplete&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.useWindow&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&quot;, false);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;services.sync.prefs.sync.browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&quot;, false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code I added for setting up Firefox preferences, but I still get the popup. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24355" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T04:59:07.667" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T04:59:07.667" Title="How to avoid the pop up message while downloading an application (.exe) using selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25781" CreationDate="2017-05-04T19:00:42.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A Checklist is a list of items to be verified at the end of a sprint, release, or some kinda of milestone. Checklists are typically very straightforward checks to ensure that your testing is complete and robust.&#xA;Ex. Think of a checklist like Agile's definition of 'Done-Done Criteria'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test scenario, is a kinda of use case that includes a list of test steps which are each independently verifiability that relate to the specific scenario. A test scenario should, where possible, include a user persona.&#xA;Ex. As a Manager, I expect X to occur when Y is in place = Test Scenario; Step 1, 2, 3, etc are checkpoints that relate to verifying the functionality expectation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/24317/mega-s&quot;&gt;@mega&lt;/a&gt;, being the first person in the company, I would identify the high-level Checklist items first as this can act as your foundation for implementing an overall quality strategy. Then I would start focusing on test scenarios but really you need both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25328" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T19:00:42.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27089" CreationDate="2017-05-04T19:28:39.300" Score="2" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am coding a test automation framework which uses data-driven approach. The whole project is to test an online shopping web page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An Excel sheet was created to contain all test data as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestName Date1     Date2     FirstName1 etc&#xA;End_To_End_test    xxx       xxx        xxx&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to achieve is to include interim test expectation in this spreadsheet as well. Is that an accepted approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T20:13:42.170" Title="Can I merge test expectation with test data together?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27088" CreationDate="2017-05-04T19:50:25.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not really sure what you meant by Interim Test Expectation, did you mean Checkpoint?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure you can do it, you can do something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestName Date1     Date2     FirstName1 etc    Checkpoint1_Result&#xA;End_To_End_test    xxx       xxx        xxx    Pass/Fail &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether it should be a pass or fail, depends on your test design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A checkpoint is an automated comparison that you can have within an automated test. When the test is run, the checkpoint compares the value stored in the test (i.e. the baseline value) with the actual value and reports success or failure depending on the comparison. A single checkpoint replaces a number of test steps or script statements that perform the same comparison. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T19:50:25.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27088" CreationDate="2017-05-04T20:13:42.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've definitely seen people (and have done so myself), where the data file contains response codes, strings, final states, etc.  All depends how general of a solution you want, if you want to run positive/negative, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-05-04T20:13:42.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27091" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-04T21:34:21.473" Score="1" ViewCount="1659" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement to compare the images in the PDF file to the font end of the web application. I am using the Selenium Web Driver and I have tried to compare with PDFBox but it won't read the images. Is there any way to achieve this? please suggest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25520" LastActivityDate="2018-04-06T13:45:40.433" Title="Selenium - To compare and verify image in PDF file with front end" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27093" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-05T03:05:32.427" Score="1" ViewCount="1343" Body="&lt;p&gt;asked this question earlier, but now i will ask again with bit more explanation of what i did, I could not get it worked please help me out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to download a file which is having a .exe extension but it is actually showing as a binary file (MIME type is application/octet-stream ) when i checked the GET request from the server, and i wrote the below code for setting up the firefox preferences which included binary file too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;, 2);&#xA;        firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsksaveToDisk&quot;, &quot;application/x-msexcel,text/html,application/xop+xml,application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroenabled.12,application/vnd.wap.wbxml,application/octet-stream,application/x-authorware-bin,application/x-bcpio,text/plain,application/x-msdownload,application/excel,application/x-excel,application/excel,application/x-excel,application/excel,application/vnd.ms-excel,application/x-excel,application/x-msexcel&quot;);&#xA;    firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting&quot;, false);&#xA;&#xA;        firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.dir&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\Downloads&quot;);&#xA;firefoxProfile.setPreference(&quot;browser.privatebrowsing.autostart&quot;, true);&#xA;    GlobalVariables.BrowserDriver = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxProfile);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when i click the link for downloading, it is still asking for the save message, and the confusing part is at this stage i opened another tab in firefox and checked the preferences and its all set as false. that means the code part is working to set up preferences but save pop up message is still coming, i have no idea what is the problem here. If someone knows please guide me, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24355" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T21:02:13.703" Title="how to set up firefox preferences to avoid the save file pop up window while downloading a file" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-22T02:01:48.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27082" CreationDate="2017-05-05T06:19:37.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe it would be a lot easier to use 4 separate assertions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D5S9A.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D5S9A.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter several separate assertions.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combining several clauses into single assertion is also possible, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there are &lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;and&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/xml/xpath_operators.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath operators&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there is &lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html#meta_chars&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;regex meta character&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in Three Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt; to learn more about using assertions in JMeter tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T06:19:37.820" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15484" CreationDate="2017-05-05T06:24:50.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best I'd say is to type shortcut using Robot Class.&#xA;Shortcut to minimize: Alt+Space+N&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Robot robot=new Robot();&#xA;    robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ALT);&#xA;    robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);&#xA;    robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_N);&#xA;    robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ALT);&#xA;    robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_SPACE);&#xA;    robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_N);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By using the above code you can minimize your browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25523" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T06:24:50.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27098" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28475" CreationDate="2017-05-05T08:33:55.590" Score="1" ViewCount="505" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do QA for a product performed with plugins over Eclipse and there are automatic tests written with SWTBot. Sometimes on some CI runs the delays are not enough, although they run OK locally. But occasionally I run into a number of out of memory errors and I suspect there might be some memory issues, with the garbage collector messing things on top trying to release memory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a tool (Eclipse plugin?) to measure Java/Eclipse memory and garbage collector usage/performance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2904" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T08:38:51.037" LastActivityDate="2018-10-04T07:03:58.283" Title="Is there a tool to measure Java/Eclipse memory and garbage collector performance?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;memory-leaks&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18637" CreationDate="2017-05-05T09:33:28.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To check the performance of Mobile Application -&#xA;First you have basic knowledge of Jmeter and Jmeter is a java application and it is a platform independent. With the help of jmeter we have to perform performance testing(load testing , stress testing and volume testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25491" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T09:33:28.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27100" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27109" CreationDate="2017-05-05T10:46:20.723" Score="2" ViewCount="824" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Selenium for automation (C#, selenium 3.3.4, gecko driver 0.16.0, on Win 7 64 Bit, driven by Powershell)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have set the Firefox profile to automatically download files to a specific folder:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$profile.SetPreference(&quot;browser.download.dir&quot;, $downloadPath)&#xA;$profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;, 2);&#xA;$profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;, &quot;text/csv,application/csv,application/octet-stream,text/plain&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I set the browser URL to the download link, the download happens immediately, but then the script stalls for almost exactly one minute every time afterwards. The URL in the address bar stays the same, I suspect that this causes the wait in the first place (a wait for the page to load).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When opening the next URL after the 1 minute wait the delay is not over though. Then a few of the 1 minute cycles seem to be necessary before the browser accepts the new url and opens it. It seems like hitting the first timeout causes things to go awry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried setting the implicit wait to 20 seconds, but that didn't seem to have an effect and I have thus removed it again. How to make all this go more smoothly? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my attempt at setting the implicit wait:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$timespan = [System.TimeSpan]::FromSeconds(20)&#xA;$firefox.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait($timespan) | out-null&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25392" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T01:57:47.293" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:57:47.293" Title="Selenium - Long wait between commands" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26901" CreationDate="2017-05-05T10:53:21.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bug leakage:&lt;/strong&gt; When a bug is found by the end users or customer, and missed by the QA team while testing the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;**For example:-**QA team tested the software for a .XX version release on their QA or staging environment.&#xA;After the release on production, if any valid issue has been found by customer then such an issue termed as Bug Leakage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Below are the few points need to be followed by QA of any software testing company in order to avoid bug leakage issues:-&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA Manager/Lead's/BA’s should actively participate, discuss and bring out scenarios that happens in live environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that test case should covers every modules of your software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Proper review of test cases from the lead and monitoring the test execution cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change in hands means if in any build cycle Engineer A executing then in another cycle allot to another QA engineer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to complete the test case execution before the release so QA have time to run adhoc test on the product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="18010" LastEditDate="2017-05-05T11:55:39.213" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T11:55:39.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27102" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26901" CreationDate="2017-05-05T12:11:04.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other answers have defined bug leakage, but the avoid answers seem to be very process specific. They look like generally good ideas, but every company and product is different. Answers like test more and test everything seem unsatisfactory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest for every bug that leaked you execute a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analyses&lt;/a&gt;. Find the core reason and fix that with whatever is needed to fix that. Don't create extra quality gates in your process too fix symptoms. That will just slow you down and probably waste a lot of resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T12:11:04.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27103" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-05T14:21:15.240" Score="1" ViewCount="24" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;code&gt;assertContains()&lt;/code&gt; method and I want to add an exception because during the test, if this return false it's stopped and not running the second test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I followed the PhpUnit documentation but I really don't understand exactly how can I apply those exceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any one can give some examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25496" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:52:48.987" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:52:48.987" Title="Adding exception annotation in Phpunit" Tags="&lt;phpunit&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27104" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27105" CreationDate="2017-05-05T14:21:40.590" Score="2" ViewCount="1873" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many of the questions and answers on SQA make frequent use of acronyms for things that many people would have an idea of what the spelled out term means, but might have a hard time deciphering the acronym. It would be helpful to have a list of acronyms and what they stand for, as used on this site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've started a CW answer so others can add to the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T14:46:41.883" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T20:23:56.983" Title="Meanings of commonly used acronyms in software testing" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-08T06:11:35.800" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27104" CreationDate="2017-05-05T14:21:40.590" Score="6" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AUT&lt;/strong&gt; Application Under Test &lt;strong&gt;or&lt;/strong&gt; Automated Unit Test(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BDD&lt;/strong&gt; Behavior-Driven Development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BP&lt;/strong&gt; Best Practice&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CI&lt;/strong&gt; Continuous Integration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CD&lt;/strong&gt; Continuous Delivery&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DRE&lt;/strong&gt; Defect Removal Efficiency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;E2E&lt;/strong&gt; End to End testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HCI&lt;/strong&gt; Human Computer Interaction, or Human Computer Interface&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IV&amp;amp;V&lt;/strong&gt; Independent Verification and Validation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;KPI&lt;/strong&gt; Key Performance Indicator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MTBF&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_time_between_failures&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mean Time Between Failures&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PRD&lt;/strong&gt; Project/Product Requirement Document(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QA&lt;/strong&gt; Quality Assurance; &lt;strong&gt;or&lt;/strong&gt; Quality Analyst when referring to a person&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QAR&lt;/strong&gt; Quality Acceptance Review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QС&lt;/strong&gt; Quality Control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QE&lt;/strong&gt; Quality Engineer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QO&lt;/strong&gt; Quality Owner &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RT&lt;/strong&gt; Release Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SBTM&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/sbtm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Session-Based Test Management&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SDET&lt;/strong&gt; Software Development Engineer in Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SDLC&lt;/strong&gt; Software Development Life Cycle&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SET&lt;/strong&gt; Software Engineer in Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SPEC&lt;/strong&gt; A software specification, i.e. a test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SRD&lt;/strong&gt; Services Reported Defect (also know as a Production Defect that is reported by a services team member, services in the sense of customer service/support)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SRP&lt;/strong&gt; Software Release Process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SUT&lt;/strong&gt; System/Software Under Test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TC&lt;/strong&gt; Test Case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TDD&lt;/strong&gt; Test-Driven Development/Design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UAT&lt;/strong&gt; User Acceptance Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;V&amp;amp;V&lt;/strong&gt; Verification and Validation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-03-11T20:23:56.983" LastActivityDate="2018-03-11T20:23:56.983" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-05-05T14:21:40.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27091" CreationDate="2017-05-05T14:35:11.767" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;With Selenium, you can &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;take a screenshot&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try to create a PDF file with the same structure as you the one you have, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/vslavik/diff-pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;compare both&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.417" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T14:35:11.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27107" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-05T14:37:05.820" Score="1" ViewCount="2857" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have framework that has been written in Groovy, Spock and JUnit. Are there any way for getting variable from &lt;code&gt;CreateResource&lt;/code&gt; class (after its execution) in &lt;code&gt;GetResource&lt;/code&gt; class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(Suite.class)&#xA;@Suite.SuiteClasses({&#xA;  CreateResource.class,&#xA;  GetResource.class&#xA;})&#xA;public class SimpleTestSuit {}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I would like to book hotel in &lt;code&gt;CreateResources&lt;/code&gt; class and will get booking number in &lt;code&gt;GetResources&lt;/code&gt; class? In the same time, I want to save order of execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe, there is any an approach for that. Either using some context, or anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25537" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T05:07:57.910" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T05:07:57.910" Title="Shared variable between tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27076" CreationDate="2017-05-05T14:44:18.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For most applications, its state is store in the database, so, simply restarting the database and putting it in the desired state is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For relational DBs, using procedures and calling a specific script which does the work described before is easy. The point is to study which tables &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; be deleted and which &lt;strong&gt;cannot&lt;/strong&gt;, in order to have good performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hooks and pre-scenarios functions can be used for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have global settings that are changed by tests, they should be injected by the test cases, having a default if you don't need nothing in a test. This way, the SUT will expect to receive a new configuration at each run, throwing away the alterations done by the previous test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T14:44:18.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27100" CreationDate="2017-05-05T14:51:06.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't use implicit wait - only explicit. And read up explicit wait for expected conditions, like presence/absence of element located by ID or name or CSS (avoid XPath).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T14:51:06.297" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27075" CreationDate="2017-05-05T17:24:04.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is definitely a role for QA and, in my experience, makes quality more effective as a while when QA is involved the planning, designing and implementation phases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typically, in the design, planning and implementation phases, QA can/should be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating a comprehensive test strategy for the feature/enhancement (identifying user scenarios, edge cases, data requirements, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Outlining feature acceptance criteria and critical path scenarios with Product Management and Engineering&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pushing quality process and best practices with PM and Engineering&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Collaborating with other stakeholders (Support and Consulting teams) to ensure that as many test scenarios are included in the strategy as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learning the implementations (technical implementations) engineering will put in place to ensure system testing is done where needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25328" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T17:24:04.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27107" CreationDate="2017-05-05T18:00:54.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sound like you just need to set a publicly accessible variable (or an object with a getter/setter) in the GetResource class, from your CreateResource class. This approach works in &lt;strong&gt;non-parallel&lt;/strong&gt; runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In JUnit it looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static string hotelReservation; // in the Test class or some other class that you reference&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void MyTest001() {&#xA;    //... perform actions&#xA;    hotelReservation = someElement.text;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void MyTest002() {&#xA;    // do something with hotelReservation variable&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T18:00:54.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27104" CreationDate="2017-05-05T18:02:46.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is no standard terminology in testing so if you are unclear about a word or acronym being used, it's always best to ask.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Organizations will develop their own acronyms and values for words, so it's best to start there. When you hear a word or acronym, ask what it means. Then do some Google research to see what other people are saying or using the term for. Maybe look it up in a dictionary and form an opinion / understanding for it's value. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it makes sense, make a list of your companies acronyms but not ones used by other people. Then use this list to research the topics and try to understand them with some depth. e.g What does it mean, what value does this provide, what are downsides, etc.??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Acronyms by themselves don't have much value or add to the conversation. If I said &lt;em&gt;I'm an SDET in an Agile SDLC using TDD / BDD practices to write TCs in an attempt to improve QC&lt;/em&gt; and you were able to transfer those acronyms into the full words, would you have any better idea what I was talking about? Probably not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T18:02:46.857" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27022" CreationDate="2017-05-05T22:08:38.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally something like this should do the job  :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(link)&#xA;&#xA;# find email, send data and submit&#xA;EMAIL_FIELD = driver.find_element_by_id('identifierId')&#xA;EMAIL_FIELD.click()&#xA;EMAIL_FIELD.clear()&#xA;EMAIL_FIELD.send_keys(Email)&#xA;EMAIL_FIELD.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)&#xA;time.sleep(3)&#xA;driver.get_screenshot_as_file('1_email_input.png')&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='identifierNext']/content/span&quot;).submit()&#xA;time.sleep(3)&#xA;driver.get_screenshot_as_file('2_input_entered.png')&#xA;&#xA;# find password, send data and submit&#xA;PASSWD_FIELD = driver.find_element_by_id('password')&#xA;PASSWD_FIELD.click()&#xA;PASSWD_FIELD.clear()&#xA;PASSWD_FIELD.send_keys(Passwd)&#xA;PASSWD_FIELD.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)&#xA;time.sleep(3)&#xA;driver.get_screenshot_as_file('3_password_input.png')&#xA;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='identifierNext']/content/span&quot;).submit()&#xA;time.sleep(3)&#xA;driver.get_screenshot_as_file('4_password_entered.png')&#xA;&#xA;# get cookies&#xA;cookies = driver.get_cookies()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But at the moment I also can't get it working, very odd, the email is not actually posted anymore. Not like this and not with send_keys(Keys.ENTER) on the email field itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25547" LastActivityDate="2017-05-05T22:08:38.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="19965" CreationDate="2017-05-06T08:38:53.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your question is more a system design question than an automation question. For this reason, I'm going to point you to how I achieved the same end result as what you want for my own &lt;a href=&quot;http://kheera.in&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;automation product&lt;/a&gt;. Once you understand the design, rolling your own should be easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote a simple generic Page Object which just works for every webpage out there. Since you wanted to avoid writing page objects, my approach should help retain the well understood POM idiom while letting you get away without writing Page Objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It uses the facade design pattern mentioned elsewhere in this thread to dispatch messages to dynamically created page objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dynamic page object src code = src/main/java/in/ramachandr/automation/core/extras/PageObject.java &lt;em&gt;(sorry, I don't have sufficient reputation to post more than two links per answer)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/saiscode/kheera/blob/master/src/main/java/in/ramachandr/automation/core/TestExecutionController.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Dispatch code&lt;/a&gt;: look at the &lt;code&gt;setNextPage()&lt;/code&gt; method. It gets the next page object based on the URL and sends webdriver commands to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    protected void setNextPage() throws Exception {&#xA;    String url = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;    URI url2 = new URI(url);&#xA;    url = url2.getPath();&#xA;    AbstractPage x = mapper.get(url);&#xA;    if(x != null){&#xA;        if(!x.equals(currentPage)){&#xA;            this.completePendingAsyncTasks();&#xA;        }&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        x = PageObjectFactory.getInstance(url);&#xA;        this.addPageObject(x);&#xA;    }&#xA;    currentPage.transferControlTo(x);&#xA;    currentPage = x;&#xA;    Assert.assertNotNull(currentPage, &quot;No Page Object found for &quot; + url);&#xA;    currentPage.map(currentPage);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23854" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T08:38:53.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27091" CreationDate="2017-05-06T09:25:26.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium can not do this out of the box, but you can combine it with &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;. Or you use a web testing software with built-in &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/scraping#ocr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PDF testing&lt;/a&gt; support.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T09:25:26.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27119" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27121" CreationDate="2017-05-06T12:31:07.647" Score="1" ViewCount="1706" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm still new to automation and what i want to know if this method is secure in bypassing basic authentication, considering we are using https. By browsing i couldn't find any better practices of this case but i'm still not sure that it's secure and the best way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;https://user:pass@whatever.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25448" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T14:19:26.573" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T14:19:26.573" Title="Selenium Chrome basic authentication secure method" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8535" CreationDate="2017-05-06T16:04:07.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use swipe, except keep &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; locations same for start and end (and make duration really short).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g.: to touch (540, 905):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.swipe(540, 905, 540, 905, 50);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25550" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-04T09:34:56.983" LastActivityDate="2021-02-04T09:34:56.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27119" CreationDate="2017-05-06T16:19:37.533" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An alternate way is to encode credentials using Base64 encoding. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://community.perfectomobile.com/posts/997386&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yaron White's article&lt;/a&gt; explains how it can be done using a custom key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-06T16:19:37.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22890" CreationDate="2017-05-07T10:51:19.013" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use allure reports,  it is under active development and widely used&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://allure.qatools.ru&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://allure.qatools.ru&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2038" LastActivityDate="2017-05-07T10:51:19.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27124" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-07T16:50:44.437" Score="0" ViewCount="2713" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to use Jmeter Response/Xpath assertion  For Dynamically changing elements? please explain with example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;API Response first time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Product&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;Name&amp;gt;Formal_shirt&amp;lt;/Name&amp;gt;   &#xA;  &amp;lt;Price&amp;gt;1245.000000&amp;lt;/Price&amp;gt;  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;API Response another time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Product&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;Name&amp;gt;Tshirt&amp;lt;/Name&amp;gt;          - Dynamically change&#xA;  &amp;lt;Price&amp;gt;1789.000000&amp;lt;/Price&amp;gt;   - Dynamically change&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-11-04T07:10:50.310" Title="How to use Jmeter Response/Xpath assertion For Dynamically changing elements?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27124" CreationDate="2017-05-08T04:39:51.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given response is different each time you will not be able to check the exact name and price of the product, however you will be able to check if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;response matches a certain &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/xml/schema_intro.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XSD schema&lt;/a&gt; (contains elements which it needs to contain and doesn't contain any extra stuff, data types are matching, number and order of elements, etc. It can be done using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XML_Schema_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XML Schema Assertion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;response contains the following tags:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Product/Name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Product/Price&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also there are numerous options like checking the number of occurrences, checking response is not null, price is above zero, etc. It can be done using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath Assertion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference material: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#assertions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Assertions - JMeter&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in Three Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T04:39:51.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27128" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-08T06:15:48.400" Score="0" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now a days people are moving from manual testing to automation testing and if reverse case then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="18750" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T05:18:31.397" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T05:18:31.397" Title="If Company moved from Automation to Manual testing then what to do?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-08T15:00:03.410" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27128" CreationDate="2017-05-08T07:14:26.790" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is honestly a decision that you alone have to make. It all depends on what you choose your path to be for the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Judging by the tone of your post you really are disappointed on the change, thus I would recommend talking to your manager and expressing that and maybe you can come to a better fitting resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that does not pan out, even though you are also thinking about it, it might be time to move on to a more suitable position of your choice - automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T07:14:26.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27128" CreationDate="2017-05-08T08:11:42.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;People tend to classify &quot;Automation&quot; == Good, &quot;Manual&quot; == Bad.&#xA;Putting aside your personal preferences, life is not always so black and white.&#xA;What is this manual project about? the latest software controlling the spacecraft to mars and you are responsible for initial exploratory testing? A disposable handheld device? Some projects may still be interesting and valuable career-wise even when tested manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T14:24:35.943" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T14:24:35.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15894" CreationDate="2017-05-08T09:29:23.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation is coding. So learning some coding skills is a must. Then start working on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-pyramid&lt;/a&gt; and work up one level at a time. Most suggest to start at the top. This seems most logical, but the top is also the most complex. The top levels also re-use testing frameworks used at the lower levels. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I advise the start at the bottom, because there is a large risk your teams will only write top-level end-to-end tests which lead to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://toddlittleweb.com/wordpress/2014/06/23/the-testing-diamond-and-the-pyramid-2/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ice cone anti-pattern&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps to learn test automation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn a programming language on a basic level. &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pick either JavaScript, Python or the main language your team is using&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Python easy to learn and includes a testing framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JavaScript the language of the web, you might need to learn this anyway to test web-pages. Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.freecodecamp.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;freecodecamp&lt;/a&gt; for learning this and web-development.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the language of your team to get help close by.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If/then/else, loops, variables and classes should be enough for now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start with learning unit-testing&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agiledata.org/essays/tdd.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-Driven development&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coding kata's: &lt;a href=&quot;http://butunclebob.com/ArticleS.UncleBob.TheBowlingGameKata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bowling Game&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://osherove.com/tdd-kata-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;String calculator&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat kata's until you complete them very fast :)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create integration tests&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple classes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bootstrap the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database testing (Developers always struggle with this, help them by understand what to test, maybe postpone this until later)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;API/Rest testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create end-to-end UI tests&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium/WebDriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try other frameworks and tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create BDD test-cases&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cucumber&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try other frameworks and tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try other frameworks and tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the ideal world you build a simple application yourself where you can practises testing all these levels of testing. This so you know the trouble developers are running into.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T09:29:23.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27142" CreationDate="2017-05-08T09:29:37.363" Score="2" ViewCount="412" Body="&lt;p&gt;By default, the command prompt closed. I cannot find an option to leave it open once the test suite finished.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T19:56:22.380" Title="How to leave Ranorex' command prompt open after test suite has finished?" Tags="&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27135" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27136" CreationDate="2017-05-08T10:58:38.413" Score="0" ViewCount="375" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;form-control ng-pristine ng-empty ng-invalid ng-invalid-required ng-touched&quot; type=&quot;number&quot; access-control=&quot;create_rate&quot; ng-disabled=&quot;vm.state.disabled&quot; required=&quot;required&quot; name=&quot;amount&quot; ng-model=&quot;vm.rate.user_amount&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].removeAttribute('disabled')&quot;, merchantRate.addNewRatesCashback);&#xA;merchantRate.addNewRatesCashback.sendKeys(rate);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I got an error saying &lt;code&gt;removeAttribute&lt;/code&gt; can't be identified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please help me to send text into the disabled field using java/javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25565" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T11:24:24.360" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T11:34:20.990" Title="Unable to enter text as the field is disabled" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27135" CreationDate="2017-05-08T11:34:20.990" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like your code is looking for an attribute &lt;code&gt;disabled&lt;/code&gt; (which your form field doesn't have) - it's looking for&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=text value=&quot;Some text&quot; disabled /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you need to do is remove the attribute &lt;code&gt;ng-disabled&lt;/code&gt; which your form field does have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That should be enough to allow you to enter text into the field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T11:34:20.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23622" CreationDate="2017-05-08T12:59:27.437" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is because Selenium/Webdriver does not simulate &quot;real&quot; Windows mouse clicks (as it works on the DOM instead), and so it happens &lt;em&gt;sometimes&lt;/em&gt; that a &quot;WebDriver click&quot; does not trigger the same Javascript that a manual mouse click does. The solution is to either change the Javascript code itself, or use a software simulates real mouse clicks, for example Kamtu &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Web Automation&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://sikulix.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SikuliX automates anything you see on the screen of your desktop computer running Windows, Mac or some Linux/Unix. It uses image recognition powered by OpenCV to identify and control GUI components. This is handy in cases when there is no easy access to a GUI's internals or the source code of the application or web page you want to act on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T12:59:27.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27140" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27144" CreationDate="2017-05-08T15:40:48.060" Score="0" ViewCount="512" Body="&lt;p&gt;logout button has class and attributes as 9 other elements have so unable to find that element and it has one child element that is also difficult to be found.&#xA;i tried many relative xpaths but couldn't find. please help me to find.&#xA;absolute xpath of that element is &#xA;    .//*[@id='js_7q']/div/div/ul/li[12]&#xA;i used index as 12 for relative xpaths but couldn't .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_54ni navSubmenu __MenuItem&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; data-gt=&quot;{&quot;ref&quot;:&quot;async_menu&quot;,&quot;logout_menu_click&quot;:&quot;menu_activ‌​ity_log&quot;}&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_54ni navSubmenu __MenuItem&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; data-gt=&quot;{&quot;ref&quot;:&quot;async_menu&quot;,&quot;logout_menu_click&quot;:&quot;menu_nf_pr‌​eferences&quot;}&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_54ni navSubmenu __MenuItem&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; data-gt=&quot;{&quot;ref&quot;:&quot;async_menu&quot;,&quot;logout_menu_click&quot;:&quot;menu_setti‌​ngs&quot;}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-08T17:00:44.390" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T20:50:07.713" Title="unable to find logout button in facebook" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27141" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-08T18:01:16.337" Score="0" ViewCount="3290" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Maven and Jenkins. I have automated my web service project with SoapUI (the free version). I need to include my project with DEV builds for continuous integration build. I searched in Google and seeing a lot in Maven (&lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt;) and Jenkins integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please provide me how to start? Really appreciate your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I installed Maven and created &lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt; and included my SoapUI project where I am using &lt;code&gt;jxl.jar&lt;/code&gt; file for Excel read and write. I included:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;net.sourceforge.jexcelapi&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;jxl&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.6.12&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After running &lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt; file, I'm getting the below message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Script1.groovy: 51: unable to resolve class Workbook @ line 51, column 10.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;   Workbook workbook = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(inPutDateFile)); ^ org.codehaus.groovy.syntax.SyntaxException: unable to resolve class Workbook &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, has any one else faced this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25571" LastEditorUserId="27878" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T14:48:38.873" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T14:48:38.873" Title="Execute SoapUI project with Maven and Jenkins" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27134" CreationDate="2017-05-08T19:56:22.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can provide a workaround.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to your xxxx.rxtst foler &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a user code module as the last step to your test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In this newly added code module, add a line, &lt;code&gt;Console.Read()&lt;/code&gt;, which will force this command window to stay open indefinitely. Please remember it is a workaround and please take this out of your production code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T19:56:22.380" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27143" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27141" CreationDate="2017-05-08T20:38:00.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my favorite getting started guide for maven and Jenkins, it is with selenium, but should also work with soapui java code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/maven-jenkins-with-selenium-complete-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.guru99.com/maven-jenkins-with-selenium-complete-tutorial.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24522" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T20:38:00.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27140" CreationDate="2017-05-08T20:50:07.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this xpath to get the facebook logout element &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//form[@id='show_me_how_logout_1']/ancestor::a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case it seems to be easier to find the underlying form element and then getting the link ancestor then trying to find a child element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24522" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T20:50:07.713" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27145" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27405" CreationDate="2017-05-08T21:00:08.043" Score="1" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test the register functionality of my website. When a user creates an account on the website, it sends an email to his mailbox. A user clicks on confirmation URL and unlocks functionality of the website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to automate this functionality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25573" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T20:36:37.917" Title="How to test register confirmation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27093" CreationDate="2017-05-08T21:02:13.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of avoiding it why not just handle the popup window and click the appropriate button?  You can find the popup by iterating through the window handles, have the driver switch focus to it, and click the the appropriate button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See here for actual code example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19403949/how-to-handle-pop-up-in-selenium-webdriver-using-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19403949/how-to-handle-pop-up-in-selenium-webdriver-using-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24522" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T21:02:13.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27145" CreationDate="2017-05-08T21:11:28.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this link to see how handling the email part works&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17025/automation-testing-the-contents-in-email&quot;&gt;Automation - Testing the Contents in EMail&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once that is done take the string of the content and get the link.  You can do this with some regex matching pretty easily I think. Once you have the link create a new webdriver instance with a driver.get(thatemailurl).  That should open a new browser when you can validate that the user was successfully able to register.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to make this repeatable you may want to write in some code to erase that specific user from the registration db at the end of the test so that specific email can continue to be used, that is up to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24522" LastActivityDate="2017-05-08T21:11:28.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27141" CreationDate="2017-05-09T06:19:05.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Jenkins you can execute the Soapui Project/suite/testcase using SOAPUI Command line execution.&#xA;which look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Windows: testrunner.bat -s&quot;TestSuiteName&quot; -c&quot;TestCaseName&quot; &amp;lt;project Path&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;`Unix/Mac: testrunner.sh -s&quot;TestSuiteName&quot; -c&quot;TestCaseName&quot; &#xA;Lets take example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your Suite Name : ABCSuite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your Project Name: ABCProject&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your Project location on windows is: c:/abcDirectory/abcproject.xml&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then Soapui Command line statement will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testrunner.bat -s&quot;ABCSuite&quot; -c&quot;ABCProject&quot; c:/abcDirectory/abcproject.xml&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And Jenkins support that command line execution, so i hope you do not need any Maven to integrate with Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can follow following link for more info:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://readyapi.smartbear.com/features/automation/cli/functional/params?_ga=1.27782588.142681184.1434169100&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOPAUI/ReadyAPI Doc Page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testarenablog.wordpress.com/2016/08/13/soapui-command-line-execution/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;My Blog for Soapui Command Line execution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17190" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T06:19:05.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-09T07:26:27.563" Score="0" ViewCount="2357" Body="&lt;p&gt;Myself used web-driver sampler to run the JMeter script. The script is running fine, but I need to pause my page for 5 seconds after getting log in. This has to be done before my browser gets closed,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already tried below mentioned script to pause the browser for few seconds but it doesn't works,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var pkg = JavaImporter(org.openqa.selenium, org.openqa.selenium.support.ui)&#xA;var wait = new pkg.WebDriverWait(WDS.browser, 10000)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me a solution to overcome this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25580" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T08:23:24.703" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T10:52:53.397" Title="JMeter Webdriver Sampler" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27150" CreationDate="2017-05-09T07:44:19.820" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is as simple as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; java.lang.Thread.sleep(5000)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the following reference materials:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/scripting/prog_guide/javascript.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using Java From Scripts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/webdriver-sampler-your-top-10-questions-answered&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T07:44:19.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27159" CreationDate="2017-05-09T14:07:55.400" Score="1" ViewCount="25970" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;admin-welcome-hero&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;Welcome to the Meeting System&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;div class=&quot;admin-intro&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          Click on a current or previous meeting to edit or review details, or create a new meeting.&#xA;       &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn btn-lg new-meeting&quot; ng-click=&quot;vm.newmeeting(this);&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;         Create a new meeting &#xA;       &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt; &#xA;   &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created the above button, that I need to 'click' through to selenium. This is my first workflow testing that I am doing, and I am having issue with this button, because it doesn't have an id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the following, and similar, even replacing with all three tags, and in combination. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I missing? Do I need to reference other html tags around it? Or can I focus on the button directly.: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var newMeetingButton = Driver.Instance.FindElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;btn&quot;));&#xA;var newMeetingButton = Driver.Instance.FindElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;.btn&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25587" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T09:45:24.000" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T09:45:24.000" Title="How to find a button by cssselector" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11785" CreationDate="2017-05-09T14:26:12.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way to start test Automation is to have the below things:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Sound language knowledge (Java/C# .......etc)&#xA;2) Good understanding of locators ideally XPath , not the ones copied from FireBug but custom hand written ones. &#xA;3) A stable framework design, start with basic design and then improve using best practices. Try and used xpaths embedded in functions/methods like so. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JAVA :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  protected void selectElementByVisibleTextAndFielsetName(WebElement parentElement  , String visibleText , String fieldsetName){&#xA;        try {&#xA;            WebElement element = parentElement.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//div/label[contains(.,'&quot;+fieldsetName+&quot;')]/../../div/div/select&quot;));&#xA;            Select select = new Select(element);&#xA;            select.selectByVisibleText(visibleText);&#xA;            logger.info(&quot;Selected text is :&quot; + visibleText);&#xA;        }catch (Exception e ){&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            takeScreenshot();&#xA;            logger.info(&quot;Screen shot has been taken !&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22101" LastEditorUserId="22101" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T07:44:22.383" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T07:44:22.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27076" CreationDate="2017-05-09T14:57:42.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want a number of levels of testing that require different sets of data setup. Unit tests, Unit Integration Tests, System Tests, System Integration Tests, etc... You really should consider each of these as separate pieces of testing that build upon each other - i.e. start with simple isolated testing that is passed before going onto more complex interconnected testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For tests involving database backends, you have a few options, depending on the size of the database and the time it takes to setup the initial database&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Separate database instance per test&lt;/strong&gt;. This really only works when the database has minimal data to perform the tests and the database is small. Often just in the case of Unit Tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Single database instance for all tests&lt;/strong&gt;. For this you need to control the data in your test database very strictly and have no data artefacts from one test that affect another test. This being the case, you need to have &lt;strong&gt;set-up&lt;/strong&gt; scripts to create your test data, then &lt;strong&gt;execute your tests&lt;/strong&gt; (either through a UI or on the database directly), then importantly, perform a &lt;strong&gt;teardown&lt;/strong&gt; of your test data, to leave the database in the same state that it was in before running the tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All tests need to be &lt;strong&gt;atomic&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;repeatable&lt;/strong&gt;, otherwise you cannot be sure that your tests will pass when they should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T14:57:42.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27156" CreationDate="2017-05-09T15:19:23.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To get a CSS Selector using Chrome dev tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; 1.Right-click on the element&#xA; 2. Select &quot;Inspect&quot;&#xA;     a. Chrome's DevTools will on on the Elements tab with the element highlighted (in blue)&#xA; 3. Right-click the highlighted element&#xA; 4. Select &quot;Copy&quot; &amp;gt; &quot;Copy selector&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the selector uses the class and the class is compound (class=&quot;.btn .primary&quot;) then replace the spaces with periods. Ex., &quot;.btn.primary&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T15:19:23.187" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27156" CreationDate="2017-05-09T16:02:26.473" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The css selector you are looking for is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.CssSelector(&quot;button.new-meeting&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you want to be more specific you can do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.CssSelector(&quot;div.admin-welcome-hero button.new-meeting&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19250" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T16:02:26.473" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27164" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-09T16:11:49.287" Score="0" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to implement automation for testing web applications and UI, my questions is, Selenium IDE or Selenium web driver needs less programming? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25589" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T19:34:13.893" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T00:41:01.513" Title="Manual testing to Automation Testing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27164" CreationDate="2017-05-09T16:22:08.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need less programming skills to use Selenium IDE than to use Selenium WebDriver.  However, you can do more with Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T16:22:08.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27164" CreationDate="2017-05-09T16:43:55.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to do less programming you should stay in manual testing. Only way to write reliable robust scalable automated tests is using real programming language and pageObject design pattern. Python is easiest to learn, but still not trivial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is widely accepted &quot;rule of thumb&quot; that to become competent programmer (or any other skilled effort) you need to spend 10K hours to perfecting the skills. So it is about 5 years of consistent effort, if only use 8 hours a day. Many (most) programmers use their own free time to learn new skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you consider programming &quot;just&quot; a way to better paid job? You may find hard to compete with people who love such intellectual pursuits and spend own free time learning new skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is becoming obsolete. One reason is that tests it generates are hard to convert to proper pageObbject pattern - it is easier just to start from scratch. Detecting locators is easy: hard part is to organize pageObject so it is easy to use from tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T22:30:34.963" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T22:30:34.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16554" CreationDate="2017-05-09T16:59:51.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have only 6 test cases to copy, you can copy them only going to each case in Test Specification, select then one by one, and click in Copy / Move, it will give you the option to Copy or to Move. Only copy them to another folder and &lt;em&gt;voilá!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For 10 or more test cases (manually it take more than 3 minutes), it will be better upgrade to test link 1.9.16, which have the importation problems solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25592" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:33:25.850" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T14:33:25.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27156" CreationDate="2017-05-09T17:21:26.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Cssselector for the particular element in the question has to be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.Instance.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;button.btn btn-lg new-meeting&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.Instance.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;button[class='btn btn-lg new-meeting']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the table for Cssselector syntax,&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UYq9G.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UYq9G.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get a complete hansdson using Cssselector, refer this=&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/write-dynamic-css-selector-in-selenium/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;css selector&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25558" LastEditorUserId="25558" LastEditDate="2017-05-09T17:48:39.533" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T17:48:39.533" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27164" CreationDate="2017-05-09T22:06:36.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE surely requires less programming knowledge. You can jumpstart your practical experience by going through the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE Documentation&lt;/a&gt; or this video tutorial: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5W27CPCbLSM&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Learn Selenium IDE in Less Than 10 Minutes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning Selenium WebDriver is not that difficult either. You need to learn the basics of any one programming language and then you can use WebDriver. There are lot of tutorials available online and even video tutorials to get you started with Selenium WebDriver using Java: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ph3NJm4Z7m4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium WebDriver Tutorial For Beginners&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T22:06:36.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27076" CreationDate="2017-05-09T22:24:49.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is what we call as &lt;strong&gt;pre-conditions&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;post-conditions&lt;/strong&gt; of a test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In JUnit, every test case is marked with &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; annotation. Pre-conditions for each &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; are defined separately and marked with &lt;code&gt;@Before&lt;/code&gt; annotation. Similarly, post-conditions of each &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; are defined separately and marked with &lt;code&gt;@After&lt;/code&gt; annotation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can achieve similar isolation by creating a different action set/operations for the pre-conditions and post-conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few things to remember when defining pre &amp;amp; post conditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pre-conditions should initialize all objects or connections and not Tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Post-conditions should terminate and dump all objects or connections.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests should either refer or modify objects and connections, but never initialize or close them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-09T22:24:49.170" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27173" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T00:20:49.010" Score="1" ViewCount="943" Body="&lt;p&gt;So there is a WebRTC server I would like to load test to see how many connections I can have to it before its CPU/RAM or network utilization are maxed out. The server is hosted in Microsoft Azure cloud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, the way to see if the system is working is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open a browser, navigate to a web page and start streaming via WebRTC server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second party views the stream and ensures it's working.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is when you want to open hundreds/thousands of those connections. &#xA;I tried load testing it from the office location, however, our bandwidth is fully utilized with 100 viewers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To overcome the network limitation, I created a test VM in Azure (A4), but its CPU/RAM resources were also exhausted relatively quick, with around 120-130 viewers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is, how do you load test such system, because the hardware requirements make it difficult (Internet connection bandwidth, CPU/RAM)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a service which could load test WebRTC server? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25597" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T15:39:05.887" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T16:30:11.800" Title="Load testing WebRTC" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27164" CreationDate="2017-05-10T00:41:01.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you really want to complete this task with minimum of effort ,try using explotenary testing with MS Test manager.&#xA;It will record every thing and play it back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T00:41:01.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27177" CreationDate="2017-05-10T09:06:39.380" Score="0" ViewCount="1838" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm learning project sharing for my selenium project using git.&#xA;I'm the only person who is working on the project so some things are making me confused.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have my github account where I have created one repository e.g. AutomationRepository. From Eclipse I have done a push &amp;amp; commit of my code on git successfully by reading some blogs and articles. I'm able to pull, push and commit successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the thing creating confusion is - suppose another person decides to work with me, then how do I have to change configuration for that user ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need that person's personal github account and how do I share my project with him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the project cloned at the other person's machine then which user's credentials (mine- by using repository created, or the other  person's) do I need to pass while sharing the project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to handle all these from Eclipse, not from the command line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T11:37:06.483" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T12:02:24.707" Title="How to share git project to other users" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;git&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-10-04T09:49:08.690" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27176" CreationDate="2017-05-10T09:20:13.543" Score="5" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Sharing credentials&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should never share your credentials with others. Keep those private. Use the tools provided by git(hub) to give others access to your repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;How to give others access&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can invite users to become collaborators to your personal repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Repositories owned by an organization can grant more granular access. For more information, see &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://help.github.com/articles/access-permissions-on-github&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Access permissions on GitHub.&lt;/a&gt;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask for the username of the person you're inviting as a collaborator. If they don't have a username yet, they can sign up for GitHub.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On GitHub, navigate to the main page of the repository.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under your repository name, click Settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in the left sidebar, click Collaborators.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under &quot;Collaborators&quot;, start typing the collaborator's username.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the collaborator's username&#xA;from the drop-down menu.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Add collaborator.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The user will receive an email inviting them to the repository. Once&#xA;they accept your invitation, they will have collaborator access to&#xA;your repository.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Details: &lt;a href=&quot;https://help.github.com/articles/inviting-collaborators-to-a-personal-repository/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://help.github.com/articles/inviting-collaborators-to-a-personal-repository/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T09:20:13.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15370" CreationDate="2017-05-10T11:04:27.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium (iOS/Android)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robotium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selendroid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MonkeyRunner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calabash&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sikuli &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SeeTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;you can find more information on these and other Android &amp;amp; iOS Mobile Testing &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/mobile-testing-tools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tools Here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8395" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T11:10:53.903" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T11:10:53.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27179" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27181" CreationDate="2017-05-10T11:17:16.920" Score="2" ViewCount="344" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am about to test a software's handling of diacritics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;a sign, such as an accent or cedilla, which when written above or below a letter indicates a difference in pronunciation from the same letter when unmarked or differently marked.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wikipedia's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacritic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diacritics article&lt;/a&gt; shows many examples. But I could not find a compilation of such characters for designated use in testing software anywhere online.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know of any test data repositories? Regarding strings in general or diacritics in particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T11:34:44.950" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T11:58:16.330" Title="Are there any test data repositories regarding diacritics in text strings?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;&lt;data-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27180" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T11:35:52.963" Score="0" ViewCount="845" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test if users receive email correctly depending upon the following scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If user selects 3 mail per day : Should receive mails 3 mails in a day after every 8 hours.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Daily : user should receive mails daily &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Weekly : User should receive weekly mail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can this scenario be automated? If so, how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25612" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T11:42:36.997" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T12:15:09.057" Title="Selenium - how to test email delivery" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27179" CreationDate="2017-05-10T11:35:56.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A list of data for testing diacritics can be found at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.madore.org/~david/misc/unitest/#accents&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.madore.org/~david/misc/unitest/#accents&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T11:35:56.843" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27179" CreationDate="2017-05-10T11:58:16.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/minimaxir/big-list-of-naughty-strings/blob/master/blns.txt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Big List of Naughty Strings&lt;/a&gt; is another good one - it's not just diacritics, but a whole lot of different unicode strings and a bunch of other strings that are known to cause problems in different applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I am not affiliated - I just use it a lot)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T11:58:16.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27188" CreationDate="2017-05-10T12:04:16.943" Score="1" ViewCount="883" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for some tools to help me with security test on a &lt;em&gt;desktop application&lt;/em&gt;, but I haven't figured it out yet. Any help will be highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T14:59:15.513" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T14:59:15.513" Title="Are OWASP security standards applicable for desktop applications?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27180" CreationDate="2017-05-10T12:15:09.057" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exactly how this will work depends on your application setup, but in general you have several options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have access to the mail server which sends the emails, you can manually or with automation (depending on the server interface) check that emails were sent as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application logs what emails were sent to whom and when, you can use those logs (manually or with automation) to check that emails were sent as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of the configuration of your application, you're going to need to do some setup to make this happen. Whether you automate the setup or not is up to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create three email accounts. For convenience, use a free webmail provider like gmail, yahoo mail, etc. I'd name them: ThreePerDay@... Daily@... Weekly@... You might need to add some extra to the username to get a unique one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each email account signs up for the appropriate mail option.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait 8 days. You know when the emails should arrive, and you know what email address they should come from, so you can use that to filter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check each email account. Depending on the exact email scheduling and when you check, you should see the correct number of emails from your application in each account's inbox.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be automated, but I honestly wouldn't recommend it: once you've set it up, you can store the credentials for the accounts in a password manager on-site, and something like this is generally a set-and-forget thing: the code that does the email and the code that does the bundling won't be changed all that often. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Setting up the email accounts will take maybe 15 minutes manually, and won't need to be repeated. Depending on how complex your system is, the signing up for email will also be a fairly short, simple process - at most 30 minutes to get all three users signed up, manually, with no need to repeat the signup. Checking the emails is at most 30 minutes all told.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's going to take multiple hours to build the automation that will reduce the time for each check of the email accounts to perhaps 5 minutes: you would need to run this daily for years to recover the time you put into it - which seems counterproductive to me, given that this is the kind of feature that doesn't get changed much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T12:15:09.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27186" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27201" CreationDate="2017-05-10T12:20:40.570" Score="3" ViewCount="1223" Body="&lt;p&gt;A newbie Ranorex, I come from a Selenium Python background. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can not figure out how to find an array of similar elements in Ranorex. With Selenium, we can use something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;array = webdriver.FindElementsByXpath(xpath)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to do it using Ranorex?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T12:28:30.367" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T20:27:45.930" Title="How to get a list of similar elements using Ranorex?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27187" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T12:56:58.557" Score="0" ViewCount="917" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to testing the security of applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know basic security like invalid credentials but I don't know about mobile app security testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know how to check?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T16:07:08.483" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T15:49:59.697" Title="How to Test security of the android mobile application" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27184" CreationDate="2017-05-10T14:57:53.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;OWASP is for the web, it is in the name. For desktop applications, the only one I know of is IBM Security AppScan. A scanner is not going to find everything. The best thing is hiring a professional. At a previous job we hired Accunetix and I learned a lot by reproducing the issues they found (so I could make sure they were fixed). Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/34854/security-scanning-for-desktop-applications&quot;&gt;this SO&lt;/a&gt; question on the same topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T14:57:53.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T15:05:50.790" Score="0" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for some mail domains where I could create accounts without mandatory phone numbers required ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16774" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T09:18:33.220" Title="Mail domains without mandatory phone numbers" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-14T06:09:49.040" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27192" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10267" CreationDate="2017-05-10T15:20:19.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb924370.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microsoft's Key Mathematic Principles for Performance Testers&lt;/a&gt;. You likely do not have enough data for a statistically significant result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You do not have 2 separate tests with 100 samples each.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you believe that your measurements can bit modeled with a normal distribution pattern, your standard deviation should be less than half of your mean. Your mean and standard deviation are almost the same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25617" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T15:20:19.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27193" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T16:41:20.127" Score="0" ViewCount="1714" Body="&lt;p&gt;Execute Unix commands using Jsch maven &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying use this code for performing the following steps, but it's not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;String command1 = &quot;ls -ltr&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;String command2 = &quot;cd /test/user/&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;String command3 = &quot;./test.sh&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.journaldev.com/246/java-program-to-run-shell-commands-on-ssh-enabled-system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reference Link.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.util.Properties config = new java.util.Properties(); &#xA;            config.put(&quot;StrictHostKeyChecking&quot;, &quot;no&quot;);&#xA;            JSch jsch = new JSch();&#xA;            Session session=jsch.getSession(user, host, 22);&#xA;            session.setPassword(password);&#xA;            session.setConfig(config);&#xA;            session.connect();&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Connected&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            Channel channel=session.openChannel(&quot;exec&quot;);&#xA;            ((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand(command1);&#xA;// From above command does work! It lists the files.&#xA;((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand(command2);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the last line doesn't work--nothing happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22281" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-05T14:37:42.550" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T14:37:42.550" Title="Run unix commands using Jsch maven" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;maven&gt;&lt;unix&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20543" CreationDate="2017-05-10T18:21:41.887" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the code which you have used, the error line can be solved using this below.&#xA;The problem is that facebook keeps on changing this element from time to time. So may be after some time or so it won't work. But this can be resolved if you know basic web development. Just find the class name and action when it gets changed. &#xA;Hope it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;logout1 = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;._w0d[action='https://www.facebook.com/logout.php?button_name=logout&amp;amp;button_location=settings']&quot;).submit()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25620" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T18:21:41.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27197" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T19:19:28.643" Score="2" ViewCount="365" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some background first:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My team used to work with Redmine as our ticketing system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My team used to work with Mercurial as version control system. We are migrating to GitLab.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;My team works with tens of different projects, each of them with a&#xA;different repository in Mercurial (now in GitLab).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We used to have all our tickets (or issues or stories) in Redmine. They are centralized in Redmine, and we can (and do) filter them by project, status, category, author, target version, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far we have traced the following relations between Redmine fields and Gitlab's:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Target Version: Milestone&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project: Project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Status: Lists in Issue Boards&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Category: Labels&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our problem is that GitLab consider each project as a completely separate entity. We can group projects in Groups, but that's it. If we want to use Labels, we need to create the same Labels in each Project. Same thing with Lists and Boards: each project has its own Issue Board with its own Issue Lists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we work with GitLab Issues as a 15-people team who works across 15+ integrated projects with separate repositories?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22744" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T19:19:28.643" Title="Migrating from Redmine to GitLab Issues" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27198" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T19:41:35.010" Score="0" ViewCount="1495" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Soapui project I am connecting Db2 for validation Groovy step. This seems to be working. When I run pop.xml with required dependency, its giving the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:db2://URL/Database&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions as to why I'm getting this error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25571" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T20:00:02.527" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T19:17:53.180" Title="java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:db2://URL/Database - pom.xml" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;maven&gt;&lt;groovy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27199" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27204" CreationDate="2017-05-10T19:50:59.603" Score="7" ViewCount="2343" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found lots of information about this topic, however, it wasn't really up to date. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm interested if there is a better alternative to Selenium WebDriver for a Web Application/Windows/Chrome/Mostly functional testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I look deeper into HP UFT/CODED UI/PhantomJS or in such application there is nothing to think about and simply go with Selenium WebDriver?(Assuming I have the knowledge of setting up things) I would really appreciate an up to date information or links to sources where I can research it myself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S I do have knowledge in Java/C#/JS/PHP so it is not the case where I'm looking for a record and play tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25448" LastEditorUserId="25448" LastEditDate="2017-05-12T08:32:08.047" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T16:55:08.717" Title="Selenium alternatives" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-24T22:50:43.313" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27200" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-10T19:55:12.557" Score="8" ViewCount="799" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been learning how to program in Python. I've passed the MIT course &quot;Introduction to computer science, using Python&quot; on edx.org. I can write small programs in Python. I want to become a tester. I've bought several books on software testing. But these books do not contain any exercises, and I cannot practice my skills in testing. I want to learn by myself and I am not sure whether there are any &lt;strong&gt;books with exercises&lt;/strong&gt; on software testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Where can I find such exercises?&lt;/em&gt; Maybe I don't think in a right way. Should I just read these books without any exercises? But I feel, it is not right.&#xA;Can you help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need exercises on writing unit tests, functional testing, integration testing, regression testing, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am reading the book &quot;&lt;em&gt;Testing Python: Applying Unit Testing, TDD, BDD and Acceptance Testing&lt;/em&gt;&quot; by David Sale. I've also bought the book &quot;&lt;em&gt;Test-Driven Development with Python&lt;/em&gt;&quot; by Harry Percival. But these books are like guidelines. They don't offer any exercises. What should I do? I want to apply for a job as a tester in the future. At least I will try.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25622" LastEditorUserId="25622" LastEditDate="2017-05-10T20:17:57.137" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T09:48:12.503" Title="Exercises on software testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27186" CreationDate="2017-05-10T20:27:45.930" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ranorex has its own set of methods, for examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for an array of &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; elements, you need to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDocument webDocument = &quot;/dom[@caption = title of the webpage under test]&quot;;&#xA;IList &amp;lt;DivTag&amp;gt; array = webDocument.Find&amp;lt;DivTag&amp;gt;(xpath);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are comparable to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = Selenium.Chrome();&#xA;array = driver.FindElementsByXpath();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for a group of  element, replace &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;DivTag&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ATag&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T20:27:45.930" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27199" CreationDate="2017-05-10T20:31:00.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at those:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TestComplete&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestComplete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support record-and-replay and several scripting languages like Python and Javascript.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranorex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ranorex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support record-and-replay and C#.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But they will cost you a bit money to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T20:31:00.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27200" CreationDate="2017-05-10T21:43:10.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for asking! You are asking very right question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Years ago I put together a small wiki with exactly such resources for Python learners:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learnpython.pbworks.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://learnpython.pbworks.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has section for training task. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://projecteuler.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://projecteuler.net/&lt;/a&gt; for start, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pythonchallenge.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.pythonchallenge.com/&lt;/a&gt; for desert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider getting book &quot;Etudes for Programmers&quot; and solve some stuff from there. If you cannot find it or afford it (is old, nothing like it was ever written, sadly), see few tasks on my wiki from that book. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nowadays, such small training tasks are not called &quot;etudes&quot; (using piano classes terminology from '80ties ) but &quot;katas&quot;, where &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kata&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;kata&lt;/a&gt; comes from martial arts (much cooler now) - see &lt;a href=&quot;http://codekata.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://codekata.com/&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://codekata.com/kata/kata-kumite-koan-and-dreyfus/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;kata and skill acquisition&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T13:23:44.907" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T13:23:44.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27199" CreationDate="2017-05-10T21:54:22.850" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium webdriver is W3C standard for browser automation, so any &quot;better alternative&quot; is a niche solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Record and play&quot; tools may generate &quot;tests&quot; for you. Of course you will lose all the benefits of concise solution which you can get by using real programming language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Script may for example set up correct date (say, 1 hour from now), can wait in &lt;strong&gt;much&lt;/strong&gt; smarter ways for different &lt;em&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/em&gt; (it's module name), detect page status (presence/absence of certain elements) and perform conditional actions according to detected page status, and most important of all, code can be refactored to be reused, so one call might replace dozens of clicks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/avg.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Beating Averages&lt;/a&gt;, famous programmer Paul Graham defined &quot;blob programmer&quot; and programming languages hierarchy. Very enlightening reading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;There is no silver bullet&quot; (google it). For test automation, you need to become competent programmer. Python is widely considered easiest for beginners, but you still need to invest months (and years) of effort to become competent coder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One design pattern you need for automated tests is &lt;strong&gt;Page Object&lt;/strong&gt; - page provides &quot;services&quot; for tests and hides the implementation and locators of the widgets, so even if page is redesigned, changes to tests are limited or none.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, PhantomJS seems to be abandoned by core developer, recommended alternative is &quot;headless&quot; Chrome. Standard Chrome browser run in &quot;headless&quot; mode, like Google does it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Re: WebDriver as W3C standard:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;W3C &lt;strong&gt;suggests&lt;/strong&gt; standards. Browser &lt;strong&gt;providers&lt;/strong&gt; are expected to &lt;strong&gt;implement&lt;/strong&gt; it. WebDriver (for each browser) is separate software which &quot;drives&quot; company's browser (using all the inside info they have about own browser), so for test using Selenium/WebDriver, all browsers can look/behave the same (WebDriver hides the difference and implements standard interface to perform standardized actions). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inevitably there would be bugs in specific webdriver implementations, and some more obscure WebDriver commands might be not yet implemented in every browser driver (&quot;there is no silver bullet&quot; yet again), but &lt;strong&gt;overall, Selenium WebDriver is excellent solution.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T21:27:46.577" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T21:27:46.577" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27200" CreationDate="2017-05-10T21:55:49.893" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is to look for programming katas and quizzes and to write the programs described in the akatas and quizzes - but do this by also writing the test cases against them as you go.  Try to write the test cases ahead of the application code.  If you can't do that try to write tests after each bit of application functionality is written.  Make sure that all your application code is covered by tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples Sites:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://programmingzen.com/15-sites-for-programming-exercises/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://programmingzen.com/15-sites-for-programming-exercises/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://http://rubyquiz.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://http://rubyquiz.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A truly massive list of exercises can be found at &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/a/764/34069&quot;&gt;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/a/764/34069&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-12T09:48:12.503" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T09:48:12.503" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27199" CreationDate="2017-05-10T22:02:19.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option is GhostInspector, a gui tool with many cool features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ghostinspector.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://ghostinspector.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's fairly new (2015/2016) and being actively developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-05-10T22:02:19.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27198" CreationDate="2017-05-11T01:14:20.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It cant find your driver.  You need to download the driver from here:  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/jdbc/reference/jdbc-drivers.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.soapui.org/jdbc/reference/jdbc-drivers.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then save the .jar file to your c:\Program Files\SmartBear\Soapui5.x\lib folder.  Then you should be ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25624" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T01:14:20.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12204" CreationDate="2017-05-11T01:54:59.533" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on how many assertions exist in your test case, and if you with the test to continue if a failure is encountered, consider using SoftAssertions in lieu of Assertions: &lt;a href=&quot;https://jitpack.io/com/github/cbeust/testng/master-6.11-g4a8459e-95/javadoc/org/testng/asserts/SoftAssert.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://jitpack.io/com/github/cbeust/testng/master-6.11-g4a8459e-95/javadoc/org/testng/asserts/SoftAssert.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind at the end of the test you need to call SoftAssert.assertAll(). If an assertion failure was encountered this causes the test to fail. Take a look at this blog for examples: &lt;a href=&quot;https://rameshbaskar.wordpress.com/2013/09/11/soft-assertions-using-testng/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://rameshbaskar.wordpress.com/2013/09/11/soft-assertions-using-testng/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21806" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T01:54:59.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27216" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-05-11T08:50:37.170" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T08:50:37.170" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T08:50:37.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27217" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-05-11T08:50:37.170" Score="0" Body="The new version of Selenium. Use for questions about Selenium 3.0" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-11T11:20:25.913" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T11:20:25.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27187" CreationDate="2017-05-11T09:14:55.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some nice points that you can cover with a cheat-sheet from the guys over at OWASP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion is that you should try to go point-by-point in the list &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Android_Testing_Cheat_Sheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long story short for android applications is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the APK file. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Decompile the APK file &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Install the APK. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Intercept the requests. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check for local storage&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are already a lot of tools in this App-Use, namely apktool, smali, baksmali, manifest explorer, jdgui, dex2jar, Android SDK, adb, burp suite, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T09:14:55.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27190" CreationDate="2017-05-11T09:18:33.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I generally use Mailinator for testing purposes, but when this fails my go to one is Yopmail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T09:18:33.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27220" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-11T10:02:48.070" Score="0" ViewCount="6645" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to select an option from dropdown with one option using the below code; but I'm getting an error message that reads &lt;code&gt;&quot;Element should have been &quot;select&quot; but was &quot;li&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CODE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement ERA = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Menu_8990&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Select dropdown = new Select(ERA);      &#xA;dropdown.selectByVisibleText(&quot;ERA Registration&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot; class=&quot;dropdown-toggle&quot; data-toggle=&quot;dropdown&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; aria-haspopup=&quot;true&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;ERA &amp;lt;span class=&quot;caret&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;javascript:void(0)&quot; onclick=&quot;submitting_upload_main('172.17.8.53/ERA/registratio‌​n_uploaded');&quot;&amp;gt;ERA Registration&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25633" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-05-22T10:08:17.653" LastActivityDate="2019-02-08T11:15:19.927" Title="Selecting option on dropdown with one option using Java Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27220" CreationDate="2017-05-11T11:46:38.280" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked on this sort of code in my software QA company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Select function works only if there is a select element in HTML. &#xA;Further, you can directly select the dropdown option by creating below XPath and clicking directly after opening the dropdown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(text(),'ERA Registration')] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T12:23:14.627" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T12:23:14.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27223" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-05-11T12:45:20.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A product release is the launch of a new product or a combination of features that will provide value to customers or users with specified requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-23T08:36:20.470" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T08:36:20.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27224" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-05-11T12:45:20.727" Score="0" Body="A product release is the process of launching a new product for a specific market or user base." OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-23T08:36:20.470" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T08:36:20.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26275" CreationDate="2017-05-11T13:23:17.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Ruby:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Capybara.register_driver :selenium do |app|&#xA;  preferences = {credentials_enable_service: false,&#xA;                 password_manager_enabled: false}&#xA;  capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome&#xA;  capabilities['chromeOptions'] = {'prefs' =&amp;gt; preferences}&#xA;  Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :chrome,&#xA;                                 desired_capabilities: capabilities)&#xA;end  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25634" LastActivityDate="2017-05-11T13:23:17.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17400" CreationDate="2017-05-12T00:17:59.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your Radio button id or innertext or value changing dynamically , coded ui test not support that dynamic control value change. Coded ui test not have feasibility of control id or text correlation &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25644" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T00:17:59.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17400" CreationDate="2017-05-12T00:21:28.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Work around :&#xA;Open Your browser and continue your scenario manually until that control&#xA;click on it and inspect or Click f12 , it gives value of that control&#xA;go to your coded ui script designer.cs and find control properties and replace your value. and run your script &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25644" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T00:21:28.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5634" CreationDate="2017-05-12T06:38:08.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on how complicated the application is. It is not that most tools cannot record and play AJAX request. The challenge is in getting the correlation right. That means that paramaters send in one request are based om data in a response before or even a JavaScript excecution. Variable numers of parameters, variable parameter names or even variable numbers of request can make this more complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a tool like JMeter you have to do most correlation manualy, what can cost you a lot of work. A tool like NeoLoad (free for up to 50 virtual users) there is some more support for automatic correlation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;MicroFocus Silk Performer with the Browser driven protocol (only IE) and HPE Loadrunner with the TruClient protocol (both IE and Firefox) are the two tools i know of that are the easiest to make scripts to test AJAX using web-applications. Where most other tools only simulate de network traffic, these two simulate actual browser interactions. Because of the way they work you will nead a lot more loadgenerator capicity and these tools are not cheap. But the extra time it takes to script in other tools can make it cheaper than using that tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T06:38:08.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27199" CreationDate="2017-05-12T07:40:30.027" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cypress.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cypress.IO&lt;/a&gt; is building a full replacement for Selenium. Check their &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.cypress.io/docs/our-goals#section-problems-with-current-front-end-testing-tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reasoning here&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Isn't this just another test runner like Karma, Test'em, etc?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Cypress replaces your existing test runner, but goes much, much&#xA;  further. Cypress automatically monitors test files, reloads changes in&#xA;  real time, processes and builds JS files, and is highly configurable.&#xA;  It additionally offers a GUI to see your tests run in the browser with&#xA;  your app, offers smart debugging feedback, and has built in mocking,&#xA;  spies, and stubbing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do I need to run PhantomJS / Selenium Web Driver?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;No. Cypress replaces Selenium completely, and is completely different&#xA;  than PhantomJS. Cypress is not a headless browser. It has a headless&#xA;  mode using Chromium that can be used for continuous integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still in Private Beta, but:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When Cypress releases its public beta, we will open source the code&#xA;  base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-12T08:09:20.927" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T08:09:20.927" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27200" CreationDate="2017-05-12T07:41:07.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a good question, it's easy to find online resources to practice programming skills, but resources to sharpen and &lt;strong&gt;practice&lt;/strong&gt; your testing skills are rare. You can learn though, in a lot of places about existing frameworks for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suppose (and I never had the chance to do it properly myself) the best would be joining an open source project as a tester. Start slowly by learning from others or doing manual testing, then gradually start contributing code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T07:41:07.360" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27236" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27291" CreationDate="2017-05-12T09:51:20.060" Score="0" ViewCount="785" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to run an extension but a warning &quot;Disable Developer Mode&quot; always block the test case to complete. I know a command line switch that will disable this warning --force-dev-mode-highlighting but don't know how to use this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do someone know how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the code I used to open chrome with extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.addExtensions(new File(&quot;C:\\Users\\abc\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Extensions\\fdpohaocaechififmbbbbbknoalclacl\\2.2_0\\Full-Page-Screen-Capture_v2.2.crx&quot;));      &#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Users\\abc\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver(options); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24880" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T01:29:08.950" Title="How to use --force-dev-mode-highlighting" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27238" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27241" CreationDate="2017-05-12T14:24:20.507" Score="11" ViewCount="729" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inspired by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/27200/8992&quot;&gt;Exercises on software testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can learn to write automated tests and we can learn to do tdd and bdd but what tools / resources / guides are available to tell us if the actual tests we are writing are of high quality?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What specific standards or guidelines exist for writing high quality tests?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What specific approaches (within tdd/bdd) result in higher quality tests?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Conversely, what tests are usually of a lower quality level?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-07-22T23:41:11.353" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T23:41:11.353" Title="How do you know if you are writing high quality tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27238" CreationDate="2017-05-12T16:28:22.273" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Low quality tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I think of low quality tests, I think of teams mis-applying or over-applying a single test techniques in a way that doesn't yield adequate information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've provided an example below along with high quality tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;High quality tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know of any summarized guidelines, although I could see a lot of value in this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to learn how to write higher quality tests by finding materials (reading books, publications, etc.) on individual test techniques and trying to isolate what the most important &lt;em&gt;attributes&lt;/em&gt; are. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0989811905&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Domain Testing Workbook&lt;/a&gt; I now know one of Domain Testing's (also called Boundary Analysis + Equivalence Class Partitioning) most important &lt;em&gt;attributes&lt;/em&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;Power&lt;/strong&gt;. Power (aka &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_power&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;statistical power&lt;/a&gt;) in this case is selecting a small number of tests (values) that would have a high probability of causing or revealing failures. &lt;strong&gt;All domain tests should be powerful&lt;/strong&gt;. If they aren't they are of &lt;em&gt;low quality&lt;/em&gt; and wasteful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T16:28:22.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27238" CreationDate="2017-05-12T17:09:57.813" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The goal is to find bugs while leaving time and money to do other things too.  So &lt;strong&gt;a high-quality test is a test that finds bugs but doesn't require a disproportionate expense to write,  maintain, or operate&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes you can tell whether a test is low-quality just by looking at it.  For example, if the test is buggy or written in a brittle way so that every change to the system requires a change to the test, it's a low-quality test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't tell whether a test is high-quality without measuring the test's impact, i.e. measuring whether it finds bugs.  A test can be really well-written but if it doesn't find bugs, it's not a good use of resources.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it's hard to know in advance whether a test will be high-quality because it's hard to know where the bugs will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T17:09:57.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27238" CreationDate="2017-05-12T18:03:22.843" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the kinds of tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;High quality unit tests have the following characteristics&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They mock and stub out external dependencies such as the database&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They run fast&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They test a single piece of functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;High quality UI feature tests have the following characteristics&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They reflect real user usage, actions and workflows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They do not fail intermittently&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Failures represent real user issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Real user issues break the tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are robust in their use of HTML element selectors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They use a Page Object approach for selectors, actions and services&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;All high quality tests share the following characteristics&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are readable and also act as documentation of the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are run for each change to the software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are reliable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They do not have false positives or negatives&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They are written in plain English and generally avoid obscure terms and acronyms&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They do not test obsolete or removed functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-12T18:26:37.157" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T18:26:37.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27243" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27244" CreationDate="2017-05-12T20:04:47.257" Score="4" ViewCount="2066" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used capybara for a while, now I see watir is another possibility for writing web automation.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Both are ruby based and use selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than syntax differences, are there significant differences between them that could help me in choosing between them.  I'm not looking for a recommendation or 'which is best?', just what the significant difference is (if any) between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-05-14T21:46:39.107" Title="What are the differences between capybara and watir" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27243" CreationDate="2017-05-12T20:57:51.270" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Watir is Object Oriented while capybara is domain specific. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capybara is simple to use, quick to deploy but maintenance will be an issue over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Watir needs overhead to develop its page abstraction and etc but it pays for its dividend in the future for its maintainability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-12T20:57:51.270" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27246" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27248" CreationDate="2017-05-13T18:58:33.403" Score="1" ViewCount="4240" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I have created a script to validate for the success or error message after filling the form, but it is throwing an assertion error for everything. Please help me out in fixing this error, Here is my script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import unittest&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select&#xA;import time&#xA;&#xA;class demo(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    @classmethod&#xA;    def setUpClass(cls):&#xA;        cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)&#xA;        cls.driver.maximize_window()&#xA;&#xA;        cls.driver.get(&quot;http://demoqa.com/&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    def test_Click(self):&#xA;        self.signup = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('Registration').click()&#xA;&#xA;    def test_Form(self):&#xA;        self.First_name = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='name_3_firstname']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Santosh&quot;)&#xA;        self.Last_name = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='name_3_lastname']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Kumar&quot;)&#xA;        self.Status = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='pie_register']/li[2]/div/div/input[1]&quot;).click()&#xA;        self.Hobby = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='pie_register']/li[3]/div/div[1]/input[2]&quot;).click()&#xA;        &quot;&quot;&quot;self.Country = self.driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;dropdown_7&quot;)&#xA;        for option in self.Country.find_elements_by_tag_name('option'):&#xA;            if option.text == 'India':&#xA;                option.click()&#xA;                break&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;        self.Country = Select(self.driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;dropdown_7&quot;))&#xA;        self.Country.select_by_value('India')&#xA;        self.month = Select(self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='mm_date_8']&quot;))&#xA;        self.month.select_by_index(4)&#xA;        self.day = Select(self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dd_date_8']&quot;))&#xA;        self.day.select_by_index(11)&#xA;        self.year = Select(self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='yy_date_8']&quot;))&#xA;        self.year.select_by_value('2014')&#xA;        self.phone = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='phone_9']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;9738993098&quot;)&#xA;        self.username = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='username']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;santu_tz6&quot;)&#xA;        self.email = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='email_1']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;santu6@gmail.com&quot;)&#xA;        self.about = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='description']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Very much interested in Testing&quot;)&#xA;        self.password = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='password_2']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Secret97@1&quot;)&#xA;        self.confirm = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='confirm_password_password_2']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Secret97@1&quot;)&#xA;        self.submit = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='pie_register']/li[14]/div/input&quot;).click()&#xA;        self.success = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='post-49']/div/p&quot;).get_attribute('text')&#xA;        time.sleep(3)&#xA;        self.expected_text = &quot;Error: Username already exists&quot;&#xA;        self.assertEquals(self.success,self.expected_text)&#xA;&#xA;    @classmethod&#xA;    def tearDownClass(cls):&#xA;    # close the browser window&#xA;        cls.driver.quit()&#xA;    if __name__ == '__main__':&#xA;         unittest.main()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24786" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T22:15:05.353" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T22:15:05.353" Title="Validation of a Success or Error Message in Python, using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27246" CreationDate="2017-05-13T20:28:19.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's the value in the &lt;code&gt;self.succcess&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is &lt;code&gt;NULL&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&quot;&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, either your locator is wrong or the error is not displayed at the time of &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt;. In the second case, you probably need to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26566799/selenium-python-how-to-wait-until-the-page-is-loaded&quot;&gt;wait for the error message&lt;/a&gt; is visible before querying its text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-05-13T20:28:19.443" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27246" CreationDate="2017-05-14T03:56:41.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To fetch the success or failure message need to replace &lt;code&gt;get_attribute('text')&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;get_attribute('textContent')&lt;/code&gt;. Simple, but effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24786" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T21:40:56.740" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T21:40:56.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27249" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-14T15:42:00.623" Score="3" ViewCount="917" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded the latest Appium Desktop to inspect the different elements for automating an app. I was able to launch the calculator app on my Android phone but was unable to launch an app that I have installed from the APK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are the variables that I have used to launch the apps on my phone :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  &quot;platformName&quot;:&#xA;  &quot;deviceName&quot;: &#xA;  &quot;appPackage&quot;:&#xA;  &quot;appActivity&quot;: &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21481" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T10:12:46.110" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:28:57.047" Title="Android application not launching with Appium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27243" CreationDate="2017-05-14T21:46:39.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have asked similar question here on watir Github: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/watir/watir/issues/444&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What are known reasons to use watir not capybara?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may find something useful there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5746" LastActivityDate="2017-05-14T21:46:39.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27252" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27330" CreationDate="2017-05-15T05:17:05.330" Score="1" ViewCount="1909" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Name header column, performing a sort in Ascending or Descending order. So if now I am on the 5th page and performing the sort by Ascending order, should the 5th-page remain or the 1st page should display?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I know what the correct behavior of the sorting function is?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12798" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T13:52:44.110" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T13:52:44.110" Title="Sorting in Ascending and Descending order" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27252" CreationDate="2017-05-15T05:51:35.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In testing, ideally you should know the expected behavior/outcome of your test before you even start testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you're testing a functionality and you're not sure how it should respond, the solution is simple: find a &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqb-glossary-explanations.blogspot.be/2016/07/test-oracle.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test oracle&lt;/a&gt; for your product and find out what the expected behavior is for the Name column sorting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T05:51:35.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-15T06:39:27.980" Score="-4" ViewCount="2906" Body="&lt;p&gt;Identify minimum number of users to test requirement?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below you will find the requirements to identify the Account Diversity Grade of a user. Read the requirements carefully and identify what test users you need to setup in order to completely test and make sure all the below requirements are covered. (Note: you should identify the &#xA;optimum (minimum) number of users needed to test all of the requirements) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirements: &#xA;A user can have different types of loan accounts.Now we grade a user’s account Diversity based on two factors. &#xA;1) loanTypeCount &#xA;2) totalAccounts &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;loanTypeCount = the number of different (distinct) LoanType values for all accounts that the &#xA;user has.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However do not include LoanType = Unknown &amp;amp; Collections but include all others &#xA;Applicable values for LoanType are ( Home Loan, Heloc, Credit Card, Car Loan, Collections, &#xA;Unknown) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;totalAccounts = total number of loan accounts user has (do not include LoanType = Unknown &amp;amp; &#xA;Collections but include all others) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example-&gt; if user has 3 credit cards and 2 home loans and 1 Collection account, then &#xA;totalAccounts = 5 and loanTypeCount = 2) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The logic to determine accountDiversityGrade is the following: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If totalAccounts&gt; 20 or loanTypeCount &gt;= 4, accountDiversityGrade = A &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else if totalAccounts&gt; 10 or loanTypeCount = 3, accountDiversityGrade = B &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else if totalAccounts&gt;= 5 or loanTypeCount= 2, accountDiversityGrade = C &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else if totalAccounts &gt; 0 or loanTypeCount = 1, accountDiversityGrade = D &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Else accountDiversityGrade=null (n/a)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25680" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T07:27:08.393" Title="Need help in understanding the below Requirement?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;boundary-value-analysis&gt;&lt;equivalence-partition&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-05-15T21:16:03.900" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27254" CreationDate="2017-05-15T07:27:08.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Easy, 1 user with different/multiple loanAccountTypes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, all snarkyness aside, you should not expect this to be a forum to get your work done by other people. We can help with it, give pointers, feedback to something you have done, but not do it for you completely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this an exercise, come back with your own solution and we can give a constructive feedback on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T07:27:08.393" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27258" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-15T12:19:13.297" Score="0" ViewCount="2072" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem with Selenium IDE If-Else processing. My script is ignoring the logic and running both the If and the Else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want the script to check whether I have a single item or a group in my cart. If I have a single item, I want to do the single item delete, and if I have a group, I want to do the group delete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have a single item, my script is doing the single item delete, then it goes on to do the group delete and fails the test with an element not found error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code of my if-else is below. What am I doing wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!-- ${Deletes} is set earlier --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;gotoIf&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${Deletes}==true&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Stepssingle&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;gotoIf&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${Deletes}==false&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Stepsgroup&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Stepssingle&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Delete Value: ${Deletes}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Deletes&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;10000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;End&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Stepsgroup&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=a.button.delete-share&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;xpath=(//button[@type='button'])[2]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Delete Value: ${Delete}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=a.button.delete-share&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Deletes&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;End&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25686" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T11:41:35.123" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T12:01:10.690" Title="Selenium IDE If-Else logic problem" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27260" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-15T12:44:20.567" Score="1" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;While automating, sometimes code is executing perfectly but at other times, the same code is not executing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have given specific time Thread.sleep and sometimes i have given implicit wait and webDriverWait also given. I have worked on 3 types but sometimes code is not executing. &#xA;error;&#xA;sometimes element is not found and &#xA;sometimes error is element not visible &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Element info: {Using=xpath, value=//*[text()='Send']} at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Nativ‌​e&#xA;  Method) at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknow‌​n&#xA;  Source) at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Un‌​known&#xA;  Source) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;  at&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(Erro‌​rHandler.java:215)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what could be the solution for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-15T21:10:17.043" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T21:10:17.043" Title="Sometimes code is executing perfectly but at other times, the same code is not executing" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-05-16T08:13:37.590" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27262" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-15T13:54:06.583" Score="2" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iJxfr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/iJxfr.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code (at the final stage):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace BBC_W_FCast_New_01&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;            var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Using the 'Find a Forecast' search field to get the weather in 'Reading, UK'&#xA;            var user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;locator-form-search&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            //Use &quot;Reading, Reading&quot; to avoid ambiguity. There is a location called Reading in USA&#xA;            user.SendKeys(&quot;Reading, Reading&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Search button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;locator-form-submit&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Table button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;detail-table-view&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Obtaining pressure For 2100 hours today&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[10]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Obtain pressure for 2100 Hours tomorrow&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Subtract the two values above and then 'echo' the result in Selenium&#xA;            int val1 = Int32.Parse(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Text);&#xA;            int val2 = Int32.Parse(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[10]&quot;)).Text);&#xA;&#xA;            int difference = val1 - val2;&#xA;            System.Console.WriteLine(&quot;Difference is: &quot; + difference);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j7xku.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j7xku.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screen Shot Error&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T15:17:55.053" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T16:52:59.577" Title="Automating Web Search on a Page" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-06-06T06:05:54.517" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-15T14:51:09.990" Score="2" ViewCount="436" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to testing and am wondering how to write acceptance tests based on User stories, and what tools I can use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I use excel to write acceptance tests? Or is that only for test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25691" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T13:13:24.613" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T13:18:39.363" Title="Using Excel for acceptance tests?" Tags="&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;user-stories&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27263" CreationDate="2017-05-15T15:08:39.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should choose a tool and format that is acceptable to the people interested in the acceptance scenarios; probably, we are talking about the testers, developers and the client (the one who says 'Ok, good to go').&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some methodologies don't differentiate stories and acceptance tests, what is to be built is describe as testable scenarios; that's called &lt;a href=&quot;https://dannorth.net/introducing-bdd/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behaviour-Driven Development&lt;/a&gt;. Maybe using this approach can remove over-head of keeping stories and acceptance tests in sync, but this need to be introduced by the whole team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T15:08:39.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27263" CreationDate="2017-05-15T15:21:52.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use whatever tool you want.  Excel, Word, NotePad, Confluence, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing is that the tests themselves are easy to understand, easy to maintain, reflect domain knowledge and are logical to execute.   Frequently the driving factor on which tool will be the existing company tools in use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automated tests, Cucumber and Capybara are two examples of tools used for the UI feature testing that is often used for more technically based acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T15:21:52.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27263" CreationDate="2017-05-15T15:29:08.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit of a purist when it comes to User Stories and User Tests, or User Acceptance Tests. I feel they should be written &lt;strong&gt;by the user&lt;/strong&gt; to demonstrate &lt;strong&gt;to the user&lt;/strong&gt; the correctness or data and operation of their system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be fair, there will be some internal IT tests that come off technical IT tasks that you are implementing as part of your product backlog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each User Story, there could be a number of acceptance tests, which will need to be satisfied, but these tests could cover a number of User Stories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is dependent upon a few things that will enable you to choose the correct tool for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the number of tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the style of tests (database testing or user interface testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the depth of testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the amount of repetition of your testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are you going to re-use your tests as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;regression tests&lt;/a&gt;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as tool suggestions, I think you need to understand the answers to these questions and then perhaps ask a further focussed question of this forum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T15:29:08.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27260" CreationDate="2017-05-15T18:11:56.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you know what the page looks liken you are getting failures? Its possible that you are not even on the page you thought you were if trying to log in and it failed or something. If an element is not visible then you need to figure out why. Do you need to scroll or click on something? Try manually walking through what you think the automation is doing and see if you can locate a slow page load or element not being visible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-05-15T18:11:56.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27262" CreationDate="2017-05-15T20:47:24.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This seems like a homework assignment, so I'm not going to give you any code examples, but I can give you some direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each of the elements on the page you want to use, you will have to find them using a locator (id/name/class/xpath) which you can find by right-clicking the element on the page and selecting 'Inspect Element' or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For searching, you will need to input or send values to an element. &lt;strong&gt;When a command is loading a page or initiates a dynamic page update, look to use dynamic waits like the following:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.‌​id(&quot;locator&quot;)));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For expanding, you will need to click an element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For obtaining, you will need to find the element and the get the value.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;In this case&lt;/em&gt;, I would suggest using xpath since there isn't a better identifier. If you use Chrome, when you inspect the value, right click the value in the Elements tab of the developer tool and click 'Copy' &gt; 'Copy Xpath'.  You will also need to click on the next day (again suggest xpath) to find the Pressure for tomorrow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be sure to assign the needed values to variables so you can use them later(&lt;strong&gt;hint: look to &lt;em&gt;get values or get text&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;).  Once you have the variables with the times, I believe you can use &lt;code&gt;echo &amp;lt;answer here&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15298" LastEditorUserId="15298" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T13:33:29.887" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T13:33:29.887" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27270" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-16T03:33:22.687" Score="1" ViewCount="4424" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing my native mobile app with JMeter; for that, I am using IP on my PC to my Android phone where my app is. Then I record the whole script and play it in JMeter. I have installed all the certificates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after changing the proxy on mobile to Manual and giving the proxy hostname as My PC's IP, it still is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25695" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-06-12T11:29:02.143" LastActivityDate="2020-06-12T11:29:02.143" Title="Not able to use internet after setting the proxy to manual on my android phone" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27271" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-16T04:00:53.770" Score="1" ViewCount="1256" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know this question was probably answered already, but all the answers I found are either old and involve using Selenium APIs that are deprecated, or require a third-party tool, which is overkill for what I want to accomplish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to download a PDF from a webpage, avoiding the Firefox &quot;save as&quot; pop-up window. I know it's possible by creating a new Firefox profile, but the documentation is extremely obscure on how to do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I create a Firefox profile using Selenium (Python 3.6 if possible, although I could fight my way through another language if there's a proper explanation) that allows me to download a PDF from a pop-up without needing to deal with the actual pop-up. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I also tried using the Python module Requests, but was unsuccessful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2258" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T20:00:13.003" LastActivityDate="2018-01-13T13:24:00.143" Title="Selenium: how do I download a PDF from a pop-up?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;pdf-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27270" CreationDate="2017-05-16T04:17:48.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is hard to tell what's wrong without seeing your JMeter, network and Android configuration, the &quot;good&quot; steps are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure the host running JMeter and Android device are on the same subnet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that cellular data is disabled&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure firewall is not blocking incoming connections to port 8888&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Start JMeter's proxy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;from JMeter's main menu choose File -&gt; Templates -&gt; Recording -&gt; Create&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expand &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#WorkBench&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Workbench&lt;/a&gt; -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt; and click &quot;Start&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configure your Android device to use the PC running JMeter as a proxy (use IP address as proxy host and &lt;code&gt;8888&lt;/code&gt; as proxy port)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If your application is using HTTPS traffic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;install &lt;code&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&lt;/code&gt; certificate onto Android device. Make sure you have &quot;fresh&quot; certificate as it has limited lifetime (7 days), if the certificate is older - just delete it and restart JMeter's HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder - it will generate a new one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depending on your Android vendor/version you might have to use a 3rd-party tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.proxydroid&amp;amp;hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ProxyDroid&lt;/a&gt; in order to send HTTPS traffic via proxy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If above steps won't help (unlikely thought) be aware that there is an alternative way of recording native mobile applications network events. As a bonus you will get automated correlation of any dynamic parameters. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-cut-your-jmeter-scripting-time-80&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Cut Your JMeter Scripting Time by 80%&lt;/a&gt; article for details. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T04:17:48.870" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27263" CreationDate="2017-05-16T05:40:29.633" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;the answer to your first question is YES. You can definitely use Excel for creating acceptance tests. There are different types of acceptance testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User Acceptance test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Operational Acceptance test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Contract Acceptance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compliance acceptance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I am assuming that you are planning to create acceptance tests for User Acceptance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To keep things simple, I would suggest you to write end to end positive scenarios as part of acceptance test cases.&#xA;These cases should be good enough to assure the users that the expected functionalities are working fine. You can also use a subset of your functional test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the characteristics of  acceptance test cases are as follow:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance test cases are high level (not as detailed as system test cases). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can ignore negative test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But should must include positive scenarios covering end to end flow of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test cases should be written in a way so that they help the user to evaluate overall quality of the implementation so that the user can accept or reject the product. And while writing acceptance test cases, you should more focus on functional coverage and should think beyond user story level.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you have any further questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="7968" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T11:49:16.710" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T11:49:16.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-16T06:08:19.843" Score="3" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are developing a humongous application used by 100's of people even before it goes to production thus making the application so slow sometimes that many of our automation scripts fail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it better to go for a separate application for automation - what are the benefits of having a separate automation application? And what are the challenges associated with it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25698" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-16T11:33:36.693" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T12:45:51.230" Title="Benefits/Drawbacks of having a separate application for automation purposes?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27287" CreationDate="2017-05-16T11:45:01.993" Score="0" ViewCount="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there anything in the market at present where you can add a list of servers (windows/iis) perhaps with a database instance linked to them (sql server) that can display a dashboard with which servers are online/offline, their respective IP's and database instance etc, possibly a release version too? its ok if I have to manually add this data initially.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to have a dashboard of QA servers (20+ servers) that is easy to see at a glance if they are on, and what release version they are on etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T14:36:20.223" Title="Tools to display test servers online/offline, db instance etc?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17849" CreationDate="2017-05-16T12:01:01.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please find below the list of ETL testing scenarios for beginners:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation of Mapping Document&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A mapping document serves as a requirement specification document for the ETL testers. Testers should verify that the mapping document has all the required information which is as follows:-&#xA;•   Source Database information&#xA;•   Transformation rules&#xA;•   Target Database information&#xA;•   Change log&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation of database Schema&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Schema validation includes comparison of database schema against the mapping document. This test ensures that there is low probability of ETL process failures because of data type mismatch between the processed data and the tables that are designed to hold this data.&#xA;Schema check includes the following:-&#xA;•   Name of tables &#xA;•   Number of columns&#xA;•   Name of columns&#xA;•   Data types&#xA;•   Lengths of data types&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation of constraints&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mapping document contains the details related to the database constraints. Testing is performed to ensure that the constraints are defined for the tables as mentioned in the mapping document. For example, is the column “Nullable” or “Not Nullable” &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Record count validation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the very basic but important tests while validating data. This test ensures that records in source and target tables are as expected. Usually the number of records remains the same, but there are cases when the number of records can increase or decrease depending on the requirement.&#xA;When the number of records remain same, it is known as a “Passive Transformation”. On the other hand, when the number of records change, it is known as an “Active Transformation”.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation of correctness of data&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;This is a very important test to ensure the integrity of data. There are different business rules that impact the data as it moves from source to data warehouse. So, it is important to ensure that no data is lost during processing. &#xA;This can be done by designing test cases around this requirement and analyzing some individual records manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation of transformation logic&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From BI stand point, transformation logic plays a vital role in converting the data into meaning information for the end users to analyze.&#xA;For every table, all the business rules are stated in the mapping document. And testers need to be very cautious while validating the transformation logic. Incorrect implementation of transformation logic can result in incorrect data after processing; ultimately providing misleading information to the end users.&#xA;So, it is of utmost importance for testers to ensure that the business transformations have taken place correctly from source to target as per the mapping document.  And no transformation rule should be left unchecked. For instance, if the source does not have data to test some specific scenario then data must be simulated in testing environment in order to test such scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation of data for duplication&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On many occasions, it has been observed that there are some common transformation rules that process the data in one particular way even for different inputs from different sources. In some other cases, source data comprises of data from multiple columns and is processed and populated in a single column in the target; after processing.&#xA;In such cases, there are high chances of duplication of data in the data warehouse tables. However, these are just examples as there can be multiple reasons that can contribute to duplication of data.&#xA;Duplicate data is redundant in nature and does not bring any value. Moreover, it can adversely impact the performance of data operations being performed on tables (that contain too many duplicates).&#xA;So, ETL testers should always include tests that can uncover duplicate data in data warehouse tables as it moves from source to target. Here, testers should check for the unique keys, primary keys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T12:01:01.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24722" CreationDate="2017-05-16T12:19:15.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best way to ensure the completeness and correctness of data is by testing it in SQL. &#xA;Can you try creating a database on your machine and use import\export wizard in SQL server and import the source and target file in two tables? I think then you will be able to validate the data transformation and ETL logic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am also curious to know if there is any intermediate database where transformed data is kept in your case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above suggested approach should further enable to perform following tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record count validation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation of correctness of data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation of transformation logic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation of data for duplication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T12:06:37.810" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T12:06:37.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27275" CreationDate="2017-05-16T12:45:51.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm seeing two separate problems here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The performance of your application is less than optimal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The size of your application code base and the challenges that go with combining a test code base with the application code base.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the performance issues, you will want to run separate performance tests to identify bottlenecks and remove them. If the application is having performance issues prior to release, it will likely have massive performance issues after release unless your team works on this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your test code vs your application code, it's really a question of whether the advantages of one approach outweigh the other - if they do, your choice is pretty easy. If not, it comes down to personal preferences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Advantages of Combining Test and Application Code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Source control and keeping test and application code in sync is much easier when test and application code are part of the same solution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated build management works more cleanly with test and application code in the same solution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is easier to reference individual application function directly when test and application code is in the same solution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will never need to worry about running the test code against the wrong version of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disadvantages of Combining Test and Application Code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The larger your application gets, the larger you test code-base gets, which can cause issues during a single build process. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any change to the application code will force a build of the test code, even if the application change has no impact on test code (e.g. correcting a spelling error in a caption). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Closely linking test and application code makes it easier to introduce unwanted dependencies. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are not exhaustive lists. There are other advantages and disadvantages to each approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T12:45:51.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22376" CreationDate="2017-05-16T12:51:19.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer1:&lt;/strong&gt; As soon as the development is completed, testing should take place in dedicated testing environment. Testing environment is very small in terms of data volume but is just like production environment otherwise (for example, name of databases, schema, name of jobs and scheduling should be same as that of production).&#xA;Smaller data set guarantees that the ETL jobs will execute faster as they have to process lesser data. And QA will get the execution results faster waiting time is less as QA have to execute the ETL jobs again and again during testing different scenarios and to validate bugs. And if the data set is bigger, it is frustrating for the QA to wait for the execution to complete. A lot of time is wasted in waiting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer2:&lt;/strong&gt; Yes. A dedicated testing environment is required. Generally, this environment should not be data heavy. This setup is specially needed while  testing the data as soon an ETL solution is implemented by development team.&#xA;Testing team should be responsible for environment setup (for example, publishing databases, executing ETL packages/workflows). If data volume is too much in the testing environment then it will take ages to complete the execution of ETL jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the approach is to test the code against a relatively smaller data sets (in comparison to production). Once the testing is completed in such environment after that, we recommend that ETL solution should be deployed in Pre-production kind of environment where ETL solution has to process a huge volume of data. The deployment in Pre-prod is done by DBA but QA team is responsible for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer3:&lt;/strong&gt; We should generally wait till the data reaches the target. However, you can do a quick check to ensure that the data is loaded in staging area after the extraction has completed. But again, this decision has to do a lot with the volume of data. If it takes hours for data movement to staging then I would recommend to start testing the staging data in order to avoid any delay in un-earthing any potential issues associated to the related ETL jobs but if you have smartly created a smaller data set for testing then I would recommend waiting till the data reaches the target.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T05:49:57.113" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T05:49:57.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-16T12:57:50.183" Score="0" ViewCount="361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know for different parameters I have to use a CSV DatasetConfig and create a .csv file, with the email id and password separated by a comma.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For native mobile apps, we are using HTTPS Test Script Recorder, which records the actions I am doing. Using the recording, I am able to create the script for only one user, but I want multiple users to log in and log out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to create a flow like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First user logged in - &gt; logout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second user logged in -&gt; logout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25695" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T16:46:23.597" LastActivityDate="2021-04-10T11:02:10.183" Title="Login with different Login ID's for native mobile application using JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27271" CreationDate="2017-05-16T13:12:03.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;code&gt;pdfminer&lt;/code&gt;, with &lt;code&gt;urllib2&lt;/code&gt;. It does not fit your other criteria (is a third party library) and does process the URL opened by the popup, but is easy and straightforward to use. YMMV. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next time you ask a question, you may want to mention what other approaches you tried and rejected (with reason) so people may have better idea what you are looking for, and provide better help (instead of guessing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T13:12:03.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16554" CreationDate="2017-05-16T13:22:55.823" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you have to click on the suit which you want to copy or move. After that click on Setting icon there you will get move or copy button. You can click on that and move or copy accordingly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24545" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T13:22:55.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27283" CreationDate="2017-05-16T14:12:27.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just substitute recorded values with the variables from the CSV file, for example you have recorded something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bCqCa.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bCqCa.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter credentials&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you have &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2gTWO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2gTWO.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Variables From CSV&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can just replace the recorded values with the relevant &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Variables&lt;/a&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kr9Tu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kr9Tu.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter CSV file&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733689-Using-CSV-DATA-SET-CONFIG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using CSV DATA SET CONFIG&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on parameterizing your JMeter tests using CSV files. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T14:12:27.393" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27278" CreationDate="2017-05-16T14:36:20.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nagios.org/projects/nagios-core/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nagios Core&lt;/a&gt; for this before and it sounds ideal for your needs.  It can easily monitor almost anything on a remote machine, such as Disk Space, CPU usage, Downtime, Memory usage, Database usage... probably more than you would ever need, and you can get it to email if certain conditions are met.  It does have a steep learning curve if you are not that familiar with Linux, but it is worth the effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For something Windows based, I have used &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.spiceworks.com/free-network-monitoring-management-software/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spiceworks Network Monitor&lt;/a&gt; as well, although it was rather resource intensive for my liking and didn't feel as feature rich as Nagios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7141" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T14:36:20.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24682" CreationDate="2017-05-16T20:15:32.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how I'm doing it using the JS &lt;code&gt;'window.open'&lt;/code&gt; in my &lt;code&gt;executeScript&lt;/code&gt; method in Protractor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('Open a new window', ()=&amp;gt; {&#xA;&#xA;  it('opening a new window', function() {      &#xA;&#xA;     browser.executeScript('window.open()').then(function () {&#xA;         browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function (handles) {&#xA;               var secondWindow = handles[1];&#xA;               browser.ignoreSynchronization = true;&#xA;               browser.switchTo().window(secondWindow).then(function () {&#xA;            // do whatever you want to do in new window&#xA;               });     &#xA;               var firstWindow = handles[0]&#xA;                browser.switchTo().window(firstWindow).then(function () {&#xA;                    console.log(&quot;Returning back&quot;);&#xA;              });&#xA;           });             &#xA;        });&#xA;     });&#xA;   });     &#xA; });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can try this using the JavaScript executor method for the corresponding language bindings. This works in Python too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-05-16T20:15:32.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27236" CreationDate="2017-05-17T01:29:08.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;strong&gt;--force-dev-mode-highlighting&lt;/strong&gt; switch by invoking an &lt;strong&gt;addArguments&lt;/strong&gt; method that's in the &lt;strong&gt;ChromeOptions&lt;/strong&gt; class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options.addArguments(&quot;--force-dev-mode-highlighting&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, this switch does not prevent the warning message from showing up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the following are used, then Chrome can be run with at least one extension enabled and without the warning (and the code that you've provided will work without the issue occurring):&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/3.3/selenium-java-3.3.1.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;V&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;s&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;o&amp;#x332;n&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;3&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;3&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;1&lt;/a&gt; of the Selenium Java Client Driver&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;2. &lt;a href=&quot;https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.28/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;C&amp;#x332;h&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;o&amp;#x332;m&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;D&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;v&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;2&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;2&amp;#x332;8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;3. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.neowin.net/news/google-chrome-58-released-now-available-for-download&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;C&amp;#x332;h&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;o&amp;#x332;m&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;5&amp;#x332;8&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;0&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;3&amp;#x332;0&amp;#x332;2&amp;#x332;9&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;8&amp;#x332;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24797" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T01:29:08.950" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27293" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-17T05:38:35.340" Score="0" ViewCount="1630" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to open two browser windows at the same time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, when browsing a page in a window and if I click on the link present in that window, that link (URL) should open in a new browser window, not in a new tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with multiple driver options and it was calling driver.exe two times and also I've used &lt;code&gt;Ctrl + N&lt;/code&gt; key. But it is opening the new browser window without the URL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I click on the link in a page, I need that link to open in a new browser window, not in the new tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me how to implement this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25726" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T07:04:18.880" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T09:59:13.623" Title="Python selenium - multi window question" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27294" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-17T06:28:17.033" Score="1" ViewCount="1030" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to do automated SSL server testing. Like what &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.qualys.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Qualys, Inc&lt;/a&gt; is offering with SSL Server Test but running fully automated in a build environment like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TeamCity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenkins_(software)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody know tools/services for this purpose?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15436" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T20:25:36.667" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T20:25:36.667" Title="How to do automated SSL server testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;ssl&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27295" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27297" CreationDate="2017-05-17T06:47:52.343" Score="1" ViewCount="1316" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I use JDBC Request/Debug Sampler results match with HTTP Response in JMeter using response assertions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you provide me with an example?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T18:11:10.160" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T18:11:10.160" Title="How can I Use JDBC Request/Debug Sampler results match with HTTP Response in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27295" CreationDate="2017-05-17T07:17:07.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;General recommendation: there are &lt;code&gt;Variable names&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Result variable name&lt;/code&gt; fields under &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JDBC Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jilzY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jilzY.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter JDBC Variable Names&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using them you can get &quot;interesting&quot; parts of the JDBC response (or whole response) stored into &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Variables&lt;/a&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/debugging-jdbc-sampler-results-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debugging JDBC Sampler Results in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article to learn how to work with the JDBC test elements results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The variable(s) from the JDBC request can be used in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt;, i.e. you can check if the response of the HTTP Request sampler contains the reqired value or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T07:17:07.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27293" CreationDate="2017-05-17T09:40:56.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a new window is a must, I suggest you explore the following options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternative&lt;/strong&gt;: inject code into your HTML that will force a new window to open - or use a plugin. Both options have code examples listed in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41480851/how-to-open-new-window-instead-of-new-tab-in-chrome-using-webdriver&quot;&gt;this StackOverflow question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternative&lt;/strong&gt;: set the browser options to always open links in a new window.&#xA;I think for IE it uses what you've set it to in the browser options themselves. For other browsers, you might want to use the Selenium class to set options for the driver instance - if those even exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T09:40:56.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27299" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-17T09:58:07.333" Score="-1" ViewCount="286" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some interview in manual testing. Can someone guide me which type of question asked in SQL. Will I use SQL queries in manual testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24902" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T16:21:14.180" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T16:21:14.180" Title="Use Sql for manual testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-17T16:28:24.727" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12912" CreationDate="2017-05-17T09:58:59.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't tried it but I think grabbing the  src attribute and trying to open that as another url and then checking whether it's a 404 or not can be one way of asserting that an image is present and properly loaded or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my &lt;code&gt;assert()&lt;/code&gt; method. It's based on phpunit and Magento testing framework. &lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; is an instance of facebook selenium php bindings:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA; * Assert that each featured category block has image loaded properly on home page.&#xA; */&#xA; public function processAssert(CmsIndex $cmsIndex, SimpleElement $box)&#xA; {&#xA;     $imgSrc = $cmsIndex-&amp;gt;getFeaturedCategoriesBlock()-&amp;gt;getImageBlock($box)-&amp;gt;getAttribute('src');&#xA;&#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;driver-&amp;gt;open($imgSrc);&#xA;&#xA;     \PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertContains('404', $this-&amp;gt;driver-&amp;gt;getTitle());&#xA;&#xA;     $cmsIndex-&amp;gt;open();&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25731" LastEditorUserId="25731" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T10:41:50.897" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T10:41:50.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27299" CreationDate="2017-05-17T10:10:04.393" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't really understand the question... are you suggesting that SQL is (usually) an automation function? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, they'll likely ask if you can interrogate a database (SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, etc.) and write basic queries like &lt;code&gt;SELECT * FROM table WHERE name=&quot;Jeetu&quot;;&lt;/code&gt; or whatever. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ever have to write a SQL query then it's, by definition, a manual test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T10:10:04.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27302" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-17T10:11:49.737" Score="0" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to subtract the result of 2 variables and I want to echo the result in Selenium. I am using &lt;strong&gt;VS2015&lt;/strong&gt; as my IDE. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Obtaining pressure For 2100 hours today&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;//Obtain pressure for 2200 Hours tomorrow&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[7]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;//Subtract the two values above and then 'echo' the result in Selenium&#xA;int var2 = 1014;&#xA;&#xA;var2 - var1 = &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The last part of the code is where I require some assistance, please. Thank you very much for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here is the code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;&#xA;namespace BBC_W_FCast_New_01&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;            var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Using the 'Find a Forecast' search field to get the weather in 'Reading, UK'&#xA;            var user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;locator-form-search&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            //Use &quot;Reading, Reading&quot; to avoid ambiguity. There is a location called Reading in USA&#xA;            user.SendKeys(&quot;Reading, Reading&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Search button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;locator-form-submit&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //WebDriver Wait&#xA;            //Trial Code 1 - WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;            //Trial Code 2 - wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[10]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;            IWebElement element = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.Id(&quot;detail-table-view&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Table button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;detail-table-view&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Obtaining pressure For 2100 hours today&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[10]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Obtain pressure for 2100 Hours tomorrow&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Subtract the two values above and then 'echo' the result in Selenium&#xA;            int val1 = Int32.Parse(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Text);&#xA;            int val2 = Int32.Parse(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[10]&quot;)).Text);&#xA;&#xA;            int difference = val1 - val2;&#xA;System.Console.WriteLine(&quot;Difference is: &quot; + difference);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    internal class WebDriverWait&#xA;    {&#xA;        private FirefoxDriver driver;&#xA;        private TimeSpan timeSpan;&#xA;&#xA;        public WebDriverWait(FirefoxDriver driver, TimeSpan timeSpan)&#xA;        {&#xA;            this.driver = driver;&#xA;            this.timeSpan = timeSpan;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        internal IWebElement Until(object p)&#xA;        {&#xA;            throw new NotImplementedException();[![Error - NotImplementedException Was Unhandled][1]][1]&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/8qzv6.png&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="28730" LastEditDate="2018-11-12T12:48:18.847" LastActivityDate="2021-03-31T16:01:55.250" Title="Error - NotImplementedException Was Unhandled" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27304" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-17T11:31:25.260" Score="0" ViewCount="578" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing Automation Testing for the map. On the map, there are number of check-points or way-points (image.png) are present. I want to compare two images, one is saved in the folder and another is on webPage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24759" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-09-10T09:57:07.147" LastActivityDate="2020-01-03T12:02:25.297" Title="Automation testing for check-point image on map using sikuli(Java)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27294" CreationDate="2017-05-17T11:35:49.533" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing that comes to my mind is sslyze.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nabla-c0d3/sslyze&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/nabla-c0d3/sslyze&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use it for penetration testing, in the event that I can't use online SSL-tests like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/index.html&lt;/a&gt;, because the test-site can only be reached over a proxy server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has a GPLv2-license and the source code can be downloaded from above link. So you should be able to use it for your projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a library that runs on Python, and I think it's very easy to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25732" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T11:35:49.533" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-17T12:19:07.717" Score="2" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt; 50 Line 1 shares $ 22.60 &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is what i wrote and get fail &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;verifyText&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#first &amp;amp;gt; span&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;shares&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25686" LastEditorUserId="25686" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T13:26:23.403" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T13:26:23.403" Title="How do I find the word shares that every sentence changes and the word stays" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27308" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27314" CreationDate="2017-05-17T12:33:37.423" Score="0" ViewCount="1899" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I am looking to get Tool tips for this chart - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amcharts.com/demos/donut-chart/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Donut chart&lt;/a&gt;. I tried lot of variation to have tool tips but Its look like its coming from JavaScript so I am not able to get it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-07T12:47:10.097" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T12:47:10.097" Title="How to fetch tool tip data which comes from java script in chart using selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27306" CreationDate="2017-05-17T12:33:56.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &quot;contains&quot; like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertElementPresent css=span:contains('shares')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that 'span' in unlikely to be unique however (there are almost certainly lots of them on the page).  So you will need to look at the surrounding structure to see what tags will be better for isolating these elements.  You could use &lt;code&gt;span[which_one]&lt;/code&gt; but it would be better to use other markup such as &lt;code&gt;form#change_shares span:contains('shares')&lt;/code&gt; (actual code will depend on stuff not shown by you) to specifically uniquely isolate the area of page you wish to target&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T12:39:28.070" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T12:39:28.070" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27310" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-17T13:27:20.337" Score="0" ViewCount="920" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm just a little stuck with the Syntax and how I put up to stepsgroup adds &amp;amp;&amp;amp;          assertElementPresent&#xA;            css=span:contains('shares')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I edit the script to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=web_user_user_id&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${id}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;3000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Ok&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;waitForPageToLoad&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;10000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Deletes&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;while&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${Deletes} == true&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${Deletes}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;gotoIf&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${Deletes}==true&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Stepssingle&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;gotoIf&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${Deletes}==false&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Stepsgroup&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Stepssingle&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Delete Value: ${Deletes}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Deletes&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;10000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;End&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Stepsgroup&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;assertElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=span:contains('shares')&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;xpath=(//button[@type='button'])[2]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;echo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Delete Value: ${Delete}&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeElementPresent&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Delete&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Deletes&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;End&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;endWhile&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;label&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;stepscontinue&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=4&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Single&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=bet_order_item_attributes_bulk_id_185&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=bet_order_item_attributes_buy_option_bulk_buy&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#bet_68 &amp;amp;gt; div.hide &amp;amp;gt; #bet_order_item_attributes_buy_option_bulk_buy&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#bet_60 &amp;amp;gt; div.hide &amp;amp;gt; #bet_order_item_attributes_buy_option_bulk_buy&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;click&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#bet-group &amp;amp;gt; div.hide &amp;amp;gt; #bet_order_item_attributes_buy_option_bulk_buy&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=i.fa.fa-arrow-right&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;type&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;id=code&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;new15&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;css=#new_reduction &amp;amp;gt; input[name=&amp;amp;quot;commit&amp;amp;quot;]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;clickAndWait&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;link=Clear&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;pause&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;5000&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeEval&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;${i} + 1&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;endWhile&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25686" LastEditorUserId="25686" LastEditDate="2017-05-17T14:26:21.337" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T05:40:27.237" Title="Can a Selenium IDE test continue when an assertElementPresent fails?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-05-18T07:18:07.877" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27310" CreationDate="2017-05-17T14:38:43.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Replace &lt;strong&gt;assertElementPresent&lt;/strong&gt; with &lt;strong&gt;verifyElementPresent&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difference is basically this (taken from Selenium docs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Choosing between “assert” and “verify” comes down to convenience and&#xA;  management of failures. There’s very little point checking that the&#xA;  first paragraph on the page is the correct one if your test has&#xA;  already failed when checking that the browser is displaying the&#xA;  expected page. If you’re not on the correct page, you’ll probably want&#xA;  to abort your test case so that you can investigate the cause and fix&#xA;  the issue(s) promptly. On the other hand, you may want to check many&#xA;  attributes of a page without aborting the test case on the first&#xA;  failure as this will allow you to review all failures on the page and&#xA;  take the appropriate action. &lt;strong&gt;Effectively an “assert” will fail the&#xA;  test and abort the current test case, whereas a “verify” will fail the&#xA;  test and continue to run the test case.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For making a step optional, you need conditional logic. You'll need javascript and/or Selenium extensions, refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4995718/is-there-a-way-to-make-actions-optional-in-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;the answers in this StackOverflow thread&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.643" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T05:40:27.237" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27312" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-17T14:49:45.347" Score="2" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a JMeter end-2-end test running on a live system. The test represents an important user scenario. This test results in time metrics for each step in that scenario. These metrics are input to a monitoring system to visualize these metrics over time. It's not a stress test; it's a single instance test that runs every 15 minutes. The test provides us first line info about the performance of the system. The monitoring notifies us when the step time deviates from its mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a common name for this practice? Is this still &quot;testing&quot;? Or is this more in the &quot;monitoring&quot; domain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9106" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T15:42:38.337" LastActivityDate="2018-09-17T08:37:35.633" Title="A good name for live system performance testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;monitoring&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27312" CreationDate="2017-05-17T15:06:43.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is definitely still testing, but when you are running tests on production systems, the terminology often changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These become &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance Metrics (seconds to perform particular tasks)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reconciliation Metrics (automated checks that the source data has been loaded successfully into the target data area)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other types of system monitoring like 'overall data load time', 'disk free space', '%memory usage', 'Peak IO', etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T15:06:43.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27308" CreationDate="2017-05-17T18:14:21.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was able to get it using Chrome's Dev Tools. Here is how:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on the blue section of the pie chart and select 'Inspect'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on the highlighted element in the 'Elements' tab of DevTools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &lt;code&gt;:hover&lt;/code&gt; to apply the hover state&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you'll see a new div is added below the SVG, something like &lt;code&gt;*...div class=&quot;amcharts-ballon-div&quot;...*&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expand the tree to find the element that contains the text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click on that element and select &quot;Copy&quot; &gt; &quot;Copy Selector&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test the selector in the Console tab of DevTools by doing &lt;code&gt;document.querySelector(&quot;paste_selector_here&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me, &lt;code&gt;document.querySelector(&quot;#chartdiv &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div.amcharts-chart-div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; returned the element in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a test remember to first do a Hover using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/interactions/Actions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Actions&lt;/a&gt; class in the Selenium library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="23672" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T11:49:37.050" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T11:49:37.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27304" CreationDate="2017-05-17T18:48:39.940" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to implement the &lt;code&gt;ScreenRegion&lt;/code&gt; interface.  This is answered on Stack Overflow here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23384064/compare-images-using-sikuli-in-java&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23384064/compare-images-using-sikuli-in-java&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T12:41:32.243" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T18:48:39.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15486" CreationDate="2017-05-17T18:52:00.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, both terms can be used in the manual testing context. As noted by others, test cases are lists of specific steps with an expected outcome. A test script is mostly the same thing, but not as specific. A test script might say&quot; Test that the login page works, and that a password with these properties is required&quot; A test case will have detailed steps about where to type, click or other actions.Both may or may not have input data. A script does not always spell out the exact outcome expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25739" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T18:52:00.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27312" CreationDate="2017-05-17T19:56:28.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is monitoring which produces metrics over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monitoring&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Performance Monitoring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Network Monitoring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Security Monitoring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Load Monitoring&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Metrics&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Performance Metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Network Metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Security Metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production Load Metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-05-17T19:56:28.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27319" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-18T05:06:33.000" Score="2" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a login page in my application which I am trying to automate. Should that be automated with a POM class which has a different function for each action, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LearningPOM {&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;loginId&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement loginTB;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement passwordTB;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(id=&quot;QTP_LoginButton&quot;)&#xA;    WebElement loginButton;&#xA;&#xA;    public LearningPOM(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;        PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);  // Initializes all elements described above &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void fillLoginTB(String name){&#xA;        loginTB.sendKeys(name);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void fillPasswordTB(String password){&#xA;        passwordTB.sendKeys(password);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void clickLoginButton(){&#xA;        loginButton.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or can I just use one function to login instead of three, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void login(String name,String password){&#xA;        loginTB.sendKeys(name);&#xA;        passwordTB.sendKeys(password);&#xA;        loginButton.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25730" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T10:58:50.847" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T13:50:46.767" Title="What is the most standard way to use POM in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;test-architecture&gt;&lt;pom&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27319" CreationDate="2017-05-18T06:09:38.297" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you think about what a method actually is (a procedure specific to that class to achieve a certain result or get a value) then I would use &lt;strong&gt;a single Login method&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;Having a one-on-one relation between methods and individual elements is not doable for larger pages, and it will make your test methods &lt;em&gt;very&lt;/em&gt; long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My PageObjects usually have at least these same (similar) methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EnterData (input all values per the test data)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save (or Next, or Finish...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why separate these two? For some tests, you might want to click Cancel/Previous instead of Save, for example. This makes the flow clear in your test method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T06:09:38.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27321" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27322" CreationDate="2017-05-18T07:29:51.080" Score="2" ViewCount="2903" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working on a test automation project. My customer is considering both Ranorex and test complete as potential test suites, can I ask if there is any difference between them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T07:34:30.290" Title="What are the differences between Ranorex and TestComplete if there is any" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27321" CreationDate="2017-05-18T07:34:30.290" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal opinions, please take them with a grain of salt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestComplete vs Ranorex:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;User interface&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex has object mapping and test steps displayed on the same page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete has object mapping and test steps on different pages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Test execution&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex moves around mouse cursor in a more realistic way, e.g. you can see mouse cursor moving.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex types a string by a character at a time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex has dynamic-wait built into its keywords.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex opens a console window that displays debugging logs in real time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete teleports mouse cursor around without a trace.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete copies and pastes a string instantly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete does not have dynamic-wait built into its keywords.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete provides minimum debugging logs during test execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Validation&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only Ranorex provides validation Actions that verifies a chosen object's attributes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete does not offer any similar function, although it can be scripted to accomplish the same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Development IDE&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex has a development IDE very similar to Visual Studio, it&#xA;offers smart keyword matching, refactoring and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete does not have an IDE, its support is very limited.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Language support&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete supports Javascript, C#Script and other scripting&#xA;languages. C#Script is a C# dialect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex supports C#, Python and etc. C# is a more powerful and more structured language.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Test result reporting&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex test result reporting is more comprehensive, it offers&#xA;information about previous and current test runs in Pie Charts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete only offers test report on current test runs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Cost&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ranorex is cheaper than TestComplete.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T07:34:30.290" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27323" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-18T08:22:19.963" Score="2" ViewCount="194" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have an AUT a web application which is in Japanese. We are trying to follow below approach (not sure if it is correct) to get the Japanese label text into English.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach (using Selenium):&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open web page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get labels as we crawl web page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send each label to an API (Japanese dictionary) to get it&#xA;translated in English.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set back the translated English word to label using java script&#xA;executor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have managed to get translated English word for the same Japanese label. However, I am stuck for setting it back on web page.&#xA;Below is the piece of code in selenium that tries to achieve the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;    js.executeScript(&amp;quot;window.onload=function()document.getElementById('expiry').textContent='Expiration Date';}&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here  there are no error messages in eclipse console but at same time I am not able to see the English text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-HTML prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;table class=&amp;quot;imui-form&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:1050px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;imui-chapter-title&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:1050px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;取引先情報&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;th style=&amp;quot;width:80px;&amp;quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;label id=&amp;quot;expiry&amp;quot;&amp;gt;有効期限&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td style=&amp;quot;width:220px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input type=&amp;quot;text&amp;quot; placeholder=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; value=&amp;quot;2016/08/09&amp;quot;  name=&amp;quot;fromdate&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;fromdate&amp;quot; maxlength=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:100px; height:15px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;./imart/images/calendar_btn.png&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &amp;amp;nbsp;～&amp;amp;nbsp;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input type=&amp;quot;text&amp;quot; placeholder=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; value=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;  name=&amp;quot;todate&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;todate&amp;quot; maxlength=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;width:100px; height:15px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;./imart/images/calendar_btn.png&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this, I have 2 queries:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can anyone guide me if my approach is worth a try or if there is any&#xA;better approach.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How should I make above java script work via selenium.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14297" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T06:35:01.550" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T06:35:01.550" Title="Change label in webpage using jscriptexecutor of selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27324" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-18T08:52:35.710" Score="1" ViewCount="821" Body="&lt;p&gt;I record the test script using Blaze Meter and run it on GUI of Jmeter,&#xA;it works fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the same script when running on Command Line gives &lt;code&gt;Null Pointer&lt;/code&gt;. Why would this be the case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My second question is: Can I manipulate the Same Recorded script with CSV DataSet Config in order to Login with Multiple Users?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qrsdf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qrsdf.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is Script In GUI in which I want to modify it with CSV DataSetConfig&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QV1e2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QV1e2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25695" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T09:50:10.017" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T16:46:53.347" Title="Running a recorded script on command line with Jmeter gives Null Pointer Exception" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27302" CreationDate="2017-05-18T09:40:34.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first two &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement&lt;/code&gt; just click on the cells; probably you would want to query their content as well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`var cell16 = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Text();`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, you would make the subtraction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var result = cell16 + cell07;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Console.WriteLine(result);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T09:40:34.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26954" CreationDate="2017-05-18T10:01:06.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just came across this myself. You should be able to simply use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AutomationElement ae = u.NativeElement as AutomationElement;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But be careful to reference the correct assembly in your project - I had issues when referencing UIAutomationClient and had to reference UiaComWrapper instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25745" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T10:01:06.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27324" CreationDate="2017-05-18T10:09:23.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To sort out this null pointer I would recommend taking the next steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Temporarily enable logging of requests and responses details by adding the next lines to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (located under &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter.save.saveservice.response_data=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.samplerData=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.requestHeaders=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.url=true&#xA;jmeter.save.saveservice.responseHeaders=true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt; to learn more about JMeter properties and ways of setting/overriding them. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run your test in command-line non-GUI mode &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once test finishes open .jtl results file with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener and see requests and response details in it. Compare them with the ones you are getting in GUI mode. Additionally you may need to check &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file for any errors. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To parameterize your test, if you need to use a new &lt;code&gt;userName&lt;/code&gt; and you have a file with usernames list you can amend your request body like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&quot;userName&quot; : &quot;${__StringFromFile(/path/to/file/with/usernames.csv,,,)}&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__StringFromFile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__StringFromFile() function&lt;/a&gt; returns new line from the given file each time being called so each JMeter thread (virtual user) will send a new username &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T10:09:23.260" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27328" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-18T10:38:40.137" Score="1" ViewCount="9794" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get the following popup box when I try to run my selenium script in java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Failed to load extension from:&#xA;C:\Users\xyz\AppData\Local\Temp\scoped_dir20432_5430\internal. Loading of unpacked extensions is disabled by the administrator.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/g8KSQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/g8KSQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried &lt;code&gt;chromeoption&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;arguments&lt;/code&gt; I have found in other pages. But none seems to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;public class testClass {&#xA;&#xA;     public static String driverPath = &quot;D:/Selenium/Chrome Driver latest/chromedriver.exe&quot;;&#xA;     public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String args[]) {&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, driverPath);&#xA;&#xA;    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;test-type&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;--js-flags=--expose-gc&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;--enable-precise-memory-info&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-popup-blocking&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-default-apps&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;--enable-automation&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;test-type=browser&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;    driver.navigate().to(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am forced to handle that popup manually. How do I get rid of it ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25730" LastEditorUserId="25730" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T05:11:47.160" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T19:45:47.110" Title="Failed to load extension from popup box while running selenium scripts" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27319" CreationDate="2017-05-18T10:55:53.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Only program the actions (class methods) you really need. Apply the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Yagni.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI principle&lt;/a&gt;. Don't write code you think you might need in the future, this will only add maintenance as you write more code than needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure the tests are readable and describe the user behaviour. So in the example case you give, the user behavioural action is to login. So one &lt;code&gt;Login&lt;/code&gt; action in your PageObject would suffice, no need to split it up in three separate methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have a need for the separate methods in one of your tests split the action up in multiple actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your actions become large functions (5-10+ lines) try to split them up for readability. Apply &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code&lt;/a&gt; practises just like you would with production code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Objects&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your login example you pass the username and password to the login action. Here I would pass a userObject instead. It is a test-data class containing the username and password. In your tests you use something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;page.login(new User('Admin'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your login method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void login(user){&#xA;   loginTB.sendKeys(user.name);&#xA;   passwordTB.sendKeys(user.password);&#xA;   loginButton.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T10:55:53.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27252" CreationDate="2017-05-18T11:14:19.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To know the correct behavior of such tricky scenarios one can only judge with experience. While working in a Software testing company have faced many such kind of challenges. &#xA;So adding my suggestion for your test and hoping it will help you:-&#xA;User should remains on same page from where sorting has been performed.In your provided test example, user should remain on 5th page and the sorted result should be displayed as per the selection(Ascending/Descending).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T11:14:19.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27258" CreationDate="2017-05-18T12:01:10.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see two major potential problems here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First: You don't have if-else logic. You have two consecutive if statements which will be run one after the other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second: Your second if statement is run after the value of your &lt;code&gt;Deletes&lt;/code&gt; variable is changed from &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I saw in a quick websearch your if-else code should be more along these lines (syntax may not be correct):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;|gotoIf|${Deletes==true}|Stepssingle|&#xA;|else|||&#xA;|gotoLabel|Stepsgroup||&#xA;|endif|||&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you could use a more direct if-else structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;|if|${Deletes==true}||&#xA;|gotoLabel|Stepsgroup||&#xA;|else|||&#xA;|gotoLabel|Stepsgroup||&#xA;|endif|||&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T12:01:10.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27332" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27337" CreationDate="2017-05-18T13:21:21.657" Score="2" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a &quot;customer side&quot; and an &quot;administrator side&quot; of a web application.  I want to make my tests as solid as possible, so should I be adding new customer(s) on my administrator side before each test and removing them upon completion? I'm concerned that if something fails on the removal, the next run will potentially kick up an error of someone existing when trying to create them again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I be creating them via selenium in the front end? Should I be inserting them into the database for use?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also have a SOAP API that can be used to &lt;code&gt;addCustomer()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used a more data-driven framework in the past for using the likes of Excel databases to house my data, I assume (yet to investigate it, I can handle this with cucumber data tables).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative is to set up the said customers for the test beforehand so that they will always exist in the database, but this seems relatively brittle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T23:33:39.973" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T04:14:54.937" Title="How can I design my setup/teardown to be less brittle?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27332" CreationDate="2017-05-18T13:37:23.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Or you can do what I do in one similar test: Check (with selenium) if desired user exist, and add only if it does not. Or delete them and add again, if you want to test also creation (I do not in my situation).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best way to make your test be more robust is using explicit wait only (don't mix implicit waits), and avoid XPath (use id, name, css locators). If you cannot, get list of elements by tag/link text or class, loop over them and check other attributes to get the one you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T22:00:58.540" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T22:00:58.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27319" CreationDate="2017-05-18T13:50:46.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If controls are used only together (it does not make sense to fill/click one but not the other), handle them in a single method. If they &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be used separately, handle them in separate methods. Possibly provide reasonable defaults.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PageObjects provide services for tests&lt;/strong&gt;. Design them in a way so writing tests is easier. Encapsulate all the info about the page and hide from test parts which are not relevant - so if you need to change how the page behaves, changes to tests should be minimal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If two widgets which &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; have to be filled together are filled using two separate methods calls, you may forget to call one of them in test, and you have problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your example, having 3 separate methods gives you no gain, just headache, and possibility of forgetting one of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In is just common sense design, no magic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T13:50:46.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-18T13:57:10.693" Score="1" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why are tests not running in the order that is set inside test suite in Visual Studio Online?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have Microsoft Visual Team Services builds, Visual Studio Test Agent is deployed to virtual machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-18T19:01:45.233" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T14:36:32.723" Title="Tests are not running in order" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9183" CreationDate="2017-05-18T16:02:51.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/docs/integrate/api/wit/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TFS now has a REST API&lt;/a&gt; that you can engage with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some sample queries that you can perhaps find out the information you want &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/docs/integrate/api/wit/queries&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T16:02:51.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27332" CreationDate="2017-05-18T17:55:19.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inserting users through the UI seems like the slowest solution, and I would avoid that unless specifically testing creating users (and I would only test it once). Using existing users can also be a problem if there are different user states that could affect tests (e.g. expired password, locked out, disabled). You really need to have a known state for the account to be in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the start of the run, you could tear down and create the db, then insert accounts as needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T04:14:54.937" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T04:14:54.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18438" CreationDate="2017-05-18T18:12:54.517" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a website made in Angular 2 and i'm starting to think that Selenium can not be dependable upon when testing. &#xA;I have tests that pass one minute and fail another without any change in the code. &#xA;When it comes to Protractor, with Angular 2, it doesnt deal with the issue of Promises. So it's not dependable as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25751" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T18:12:54.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27339" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-18T18:37:23.227" Score="1" ViewCount="5125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a java class that is used to perform login action using selenium. There are currently 10+ different login types and as such there is a lot of if else involved which looks bad and is not efficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (logintype == 1 ) &#xA;{driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;token&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;token&quot;)).sendKeys(token);&#xA; driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(username);&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(password);&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signin&quot;)).click();   &#xA;}&#xA;else if (logintype ==2 )  &#xA;{&#xA; driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(username);&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(password);&#xA;                 driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signin&quot;)).click();   &#xA;}&#xA;...........&#xA;...........&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than code not being efficient the new code needs to be written, pushed and the server needs to be restarted every time a new login module is added.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to see if i can get the logic for login can be stored in db and based on login type I can use the corresponding login module ? Also since they are different login module they have different flow so in some case i need to just enter username and password but in other case i need a token. So i just can save variables in db and then use them because of different logic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Setting webdriver Selenium&#xA;        String Xport = System.getProperty(&quot;lmportal.xvfb.id&quot;, &quot;:&quot;+Bootstrap.prop.getProperty(&quot;SELENIUMDISPLAYPORT&quot;));&#xA;        final File firefoxPath = new File(System.getProperty(&quot;lmportal.deploy.firefox.path&quot;, Bootstrap.prop.getProperty(&quot;FIREFOX_LOCATION&quot;)));&#xA;        FirefoxBinary firefoxBinary = new FirefoxBinary(firefoxPath);&#xA;        firefoxBinary.setEnvironmentProperty(&quot;DISPLAY&quot;, Xport);&#xA;&#xA;        FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;        profile.setPreference(FirefoxProfile.ALLOWED_HOSTS_PREFERENCE, &quot;localhost.localdomain&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        String PROXY = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        PROXY = &quot;localhost:&quot; + proxyPort;&#xA;&#xA;        org.openqa.selenium.Proxy proxy = new org.openqa.selenium.Proxy();&#xA;        proxy.setHttpProxy(PROXY).setFtpProxy(PROXY).setSslProxy(PROXY);&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;        cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy);&#xA;&#xA;        // Start Firefox driver&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxBinary, profile, cap);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;        // Login&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;                driver.get(url);&#xA;                utils = new Utils(driver);&#xA;                if (loginType == 1){&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;token&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;token&quot;)).sendKeys(token);&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signin&quot;)).click();&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(username);&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(password);&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signin&quot;)).click();&#xA;                } else if (logintype ==2){&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(username);&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).clear();&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(password);&#xA;                     driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;signin&quot;)).click();            &#xA;                } &#xA;             .................&#xA;...................................&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25753" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T23:22:23.287" Title="Multiple login modules in selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27339" CreationDate="2017-05-18T19:31:23.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll admit I don't see much difference between your two samples. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd approach this with a Page Object Model pattern where the Login object has different login methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That would make my login code a little more like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;loginPage loginObject = new loginObject();&#xA;// login type uses token - might need several of these if the expected next Url changes&#xA;currentUrl = loginObject.loginWithToken(tokenValue, usernameValue, passwordValue);&#xA;// login type without token&#xA;currentUrl = loginObject.loginBasic(usernameValue, passwordValue);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your login page object you would have private variables representing the fields you're interacting with to define them just once. These get defined in the constructor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally your loginPage class inherits from a base Page class that handles defining the driver and has the find methods so instead of needing the lengthy  calls to &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;magicstring&quot;))doSomething(variable);&lt;/code&gt; your page method can simply call a base method like &lt;code&gt;parent.SetText(identifier, value);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A psuedo-cody sample is below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class loginPage&#xA;{&#xA;    public loginPage loginPage()&#xA;    {&#xA;          string tokenid = &quot;token&quot;;&#xA;          string usernameid = &quot;username&quot;;&#xA;          // etc...&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public Url loginWithToken(string token, string user, string pass)&#xA;    {&#xA;       this.parent.setText(tokenid, token);&#xA;       this.parent.setText(usernameid, user);&#xA;       // etc...&#xA;       this.parent.clickButton(loginbuttonid);&#xA;       this.parent.waitForLoad(expectedNextUrl);&#xA;       return this.parent.currentUrl();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T19:31:23.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18438" CreationDate="2017-05-18T22:08:19.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium WebDriver is a tool/library that enables automation, whereas Protractor is a Test Runner/Test Framework which defines the design/structure of the automation.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your tests are flaky, it might need a deeper analysis to determine the cause of flakiness. I've been automating AngularJS applications using SerenityBDD and Selenium WebDriver for almost over 3 years now. I run ~2000 test cases on 5 VMs using Selenium Grid which are integrated with CI tool. Flakiness on the development branch is high as we test under development features, whereas on the production branch is extremely low as the build is stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver might have sync issues with the AngularJS application, but that should not limit/restrict us from functional testing. Flaky tests can be fixed by introducing custom waits, catching known exceptions, soft assertions, and retrying failed test steps a couple of extra times to ensure sync.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-06T11:10:23.857" LastActivityDate="2020-09-06T11:10:23.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15400" CreationDate="2017-05-18T22:35:00.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using chrome I automate downloading the file, and then open the &lt;code&gt;chrome://downloads&lt;/code&gt; page to retrieve the downloaded files list from shadow DOM like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const docs = document&#xA;  .querySelector('downloads-manager')&#xA;  .shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloads-list')&#xA;  .getElementsByTagName('downloads-item');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution is restrained to chrome, the data also contains information like file path and download date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure about data cleanup, I'm currently doing it in Bamboo without problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also use a timeout polling the download results to give the download time to complete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If testing downloads through the browser is not necessary, then a program to test the website for broken links would do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25755" LastActivityDate="2017-05-18T22:35:00.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10316" CreationDate="2017-05-19T09:14:10.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Despite the answer being accepted, I would disagree with the statement: &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;TDD is for testing application. DB schema is not an application and you cannot test it per se.&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TDD is for all IT work.&lt;/strong&gt; TDD and Unit Testing, in particular, are (or should be) very much a part of database construction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We do database construction using TDD; a data warehouse in our case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two main ways we apply to databases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Firstly&lt;/strong&gt;, this is particularly important since the OLTP system is controlled by another team; and it is changed sometimes without us being informed. We do have interface schemas with schema binding on to try and protect us, but things still happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, we collect the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS information on each table of interest to us then write a hash across this information, which the checksum result is compared to a known checksum value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the checksum mismatches, then we know the schema has changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would now go on to address the complication with schema checking, that in TDD, you should build the test first then you do the programming ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We build a 'shell' hash test initially, knowing it will fail (since you can't know the hash value until you have the full table structure), then follow the process as you normally would with TDD, build, test, modify test if necessary, retest, modify the build, retest, etc ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secondly&lt;/strong&gt;, we can build tests that will verify the logic applied to stored procedures, functions, triggers and calculated columns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2021-03-08T08:43:01.567" LastActivityDate="2021-03-08T08:43:01.567" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27348" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27351" CreationDate="2017-05-19T10:00:04.247" Score="1" ViewCount="3841" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to get API response XML values in to variables in Jmeter tool? see bold color values. my plan is to assign those variables in to  response assertion &gt; 'pattern to test' for match with DB values(using Jmeter variable which comes in JDBC Response).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j5Ztz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j5Ztz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4pGgI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4pGgI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hUGzC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hUGzC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T10:10:58.987" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T11:06:40.700" Title="How to get API response XML values in to variables in Jmeter tool for matching purpose with DB?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-19T10:12:16.613" Score="1" ViewCount="2773" Body="&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    package wayPoint;&#xA;    &#xA;    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;&#xA;    import java.io.File;&#xA;    import java.io.IOException;&#xA;    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;    &#xA;    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;&#xA;    &#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;    import org.testng.Assert;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;    &#xA;    import ru.yandex.qatools.ashot.AShot;&#xA;    import ru.yandex.qatools.ashot.Screenshot;&#xA;    import ru.yandex.qatools.ashot.comparison.ImageDiff;&#xA;    import ru.yandex.qatools.ashot.comparison.ImageDiffer;&#xA;    import ru.yandex.qatools.ashot.shooting.ShootingStrategies;&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    public class imageCompare {&#xA;        @Test&#xA;        public void ImageComparison() throws IOException, InterruptedException{&#xA;              //System.setProperty(&amp;quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;write here path of chromedriver exe file&amp;quot;);&#xA;            DesiredCapabilities dc = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;            dc.setCapability(&amp;quot;marionette&amp;quot;, false);&#xA;            //FirefoxProfile fp = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;            WebDriver driver=new ChromeDriver(dc);&#xA;            &#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(150,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;         &#xA;            driver.get(&amp;quot;URL&amp;quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;j_username&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(&amp;quot;userName&amp;quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;j_password&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(&amp;quot;password&amp;quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.name(&amp;quot;Submit&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;            driver.navigate().to(&amp;quot;URL2&amp;quot;);&#xA;            &#xA;            WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[@id='OL_Icon_618_innerImage']&amp;quot;));&#xA;            &#xA;            System.out.println(&amp;quot;value= &amp;quot;+webElement);&#xA;            &#xA;            &#xA;            BufferedImage expectedImage = ImageIO.read(new File(&amp;quot;/home/neha/neha/screenshotsByCode/mm_20_red.png&amp;quot;));&#xA;            &#xA;            System.out.println(&amp;quot;\n expectedImage= &amp;quot;+expectedImage );&#xA;            Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;            &#xA;            Screenshot scrnshot = new AShot().takeScreenshot(driver, webElement);&#xA;            &#xA;            ImageIO.write(scrnshot.getImage(),&amp;quot;PNG&amp;quot;, new File(&amp;quot;/home/neha/neha/screenshotsByCode/image.png&amp;quot;));&#xA;            &#xA;            BufferedImage actualImage = scrnshot.getImage();&#xA;            &#xA;            ImageDiffer imgDiff = new ImageDiffer();&#xA;            &#xA;            ImageDiff diff = imgDiff.makeDiff(expectedImage,actualImage);&#xA;            &#xA;            System.out.println(&amp;quot;finally&amp;quot;);&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(diff.equals(diff), &amp;quot;Images are Same&amp;quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I get the following exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    FAILED: ImageComparison&#xA;    org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: el.offset is not a function&#xA;      (Session info: chrome=58.0.3029.96)&#xA;      (Driver info: chromedriver=2.26.436382 (70eb799287ce4c2208441fc057053a5b07ceabac),platform=Linux 4.4.0-31-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;    Command duration or timeout: 13 milliseconds&#xA;    Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: '2aa21c1', time: '2016-08-02 14:59:43 -0700'&#xA;    System info: host: 'neha', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-31-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_121'&#xA;    Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;    Capabilities [{applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, mobileEmulationEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.26.436382 (70eb799287ce4c2208441fc057053a5b07ceabac), userDataDir=/tmp/.org.chromium.Chromium.5mBoy6}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, hasTouchScreen=false, version=58.0.3029.96, platform=LINUX, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, acceptSslCerts=true, locationContextEnabled=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour=}]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24759" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T06:35:12.120" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T06:35:12.120" Title="How to compare image using AShot in selenium (Java)" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27328" CreationDate="2017-05-19T10:25:29.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the Answer to your Question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Replace &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options.addArguments(&quot;disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in your code by  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if this helps you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24806" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T10:25:29.743" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27348" CreationDate="2017-05-19T11:06:40.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract the value from XML using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-xpath-extractor-jmeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath Extractor&lt;/a&gt;, the relevant XPath query would be something like &lt;code&gt;//Product/Id/text()&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wlr82.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wlr82.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter XPath Extractor Demo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once done you will be able to compare 2 JMeter Variables: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the one from the XPath Extractor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;with the one from the JDBC Request sampler&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; configured like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apply to -&gt; &lt;code&gt;JMeter Variable&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; Reference name, used in the XPath Extractor (NB: don't surround the variable with &lt;code&gt;${}&lt;/code&gt;, just put plain text there&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pattern Matching Rules: &lt;code&gt;Equals&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patterns to Test: variable from the JDBC Request (NB this time you need to surround it with &lt;code&gt;${}&lt;/code&gt;, for example &lt;code&gt;${ID_1}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e742U.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/e742U.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Response Assertion on Variable&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T11:06:40.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-19T11:56:43.410" Score="2" ViewCount="755" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/edU9x.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/edU9x.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error - Not Visible Exception Was Unhandled&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4ZlZm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4ZlZm.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error - No Such Element Exception&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code. I have attached the image of the error message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace BBC_W_FCast_New_01&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;            var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Using the 'Find a Forecast' search field to get the weather in 'Reading, UK'&#xA;            var user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;locator-form-search&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            //Use &quot;Reading, Reading&quot; to avoid ambiguity. There is a location called Reading in USA&#xA;            user.SendKeys(&quot;Reading, Reading&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Search button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;locator-form-submit&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Table button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[10]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Obtaining pressure For 2100 hours today&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[10]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Obtain pressure for 2100 Hours tomorrow&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Subtract the two values above and then 'echo' the result in Selenium&#xA;            int val1 = Int32.Parse(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Text);&#xA;            int val2 = Int32.Parse(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[10]&quot;)).Text);&#xA;&#xA;            int difference = val1 - val2;&#xA;System.Console.WriteLine(&quot;Difference is: &quot; + difference);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Java &amp;amp; they do not offer good enough answers: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/13474/selenium-webdriver-no-such-element-exception-even-though-element-gets-available&quot;&gt;Selenium Webdriver: No such element exception even though element gets available after waiting for some time&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/how-to-wait-until-an-element-is-present-in-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/how-to-wait-until-an-element-is-present-in-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get an error message on adding this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;locator&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have added an internal class. But I am getting the error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;An unhandled exception of type 'System.NotImplementedException' occurred in BBC_W_FCast_New_01.exe &#xA;  Additional information: The method or operation is not implemented.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error comes from this particular line of code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;throw new NotImplementedException();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;internal class WebDriverWait&#xA;{&#xA;    private FirefoxDriver driver;&#xA;    private TimeSpan timeSpan;&#xA;&#xA;    public WebDriverWait(FirefoxDriver driver, TimeSpan timeSpan)&#xA;    {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;        this.timeSpan = timeSpan;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    internal IWebElement Until(object p)&#xA;    {&#xA;        throw new NotImplementedException();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T01:08:45.473" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T01:08:45.473" Title="Error - No Such Element Exception - when using ImplicityWait" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27352" CreationDate="2017-05-19T12:10:03.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend you switch from ImplicitlyWait to Explicitly wait for the element you want as detailed at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 10))&#xA;  .until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;myDynamicElement&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-19T12:44:10.690" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T12:44:10.690" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27335" CreationDate="2017-05-19T12:53:54.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;VSTS builds and test runs will not run tests in a specific order unless you create Ordered Tests in your test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your Visual Studio Online subscription doesn't include Ordered Tests, you may not be able to specify an order for your tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T12:53:54.373" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21894" CreationDate="2017-05-19T15:46:29.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(Please delete if this answer doesn't meet community guidelines.)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I may, I'd like to introduce you to my own Cucumber+Selenium based framework called &lt;a href=&quot;http://kheera.in&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kheera&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The interesting thing about Kheera is that it lets you test really complicated flows without writing a single line of code. As you automate a web page, your feature files become executable scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Under the covers, it still relies on the familiar page object model but the entire scripting and script maintenance process is much faster because you aren't writing boilerplate code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23854" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T15:46:29.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26815" CreationDate="2017-05-19T19:19:46.890" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will present you the logic of one possible solution I have implemented.&#xA;From what I can deduct, it's the kind of thing you want. The test will work for any search values you'll pass into it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test method steps&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to search page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter search criteria and start search&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save all result rows in a list (go through each page)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert whatever you want to test&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;e.g. a specific value is present in the list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;e.g. all results in the list contain the search criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-19T19:19:46.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27359" CreationDate="2017-05-19T21:23:22.257" Score="0" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;We write our manual test protocols in an in-house XML format, and have a simple tool for executing them electronically (vs. paper and pencil) and saving the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has worked well, but we're struggling with the test management side of things. Currently we have scripts that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show which requirements are traced to which (already written) tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate a summary of tests that need to be executed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Summarize the pass/fail results for tests that have been executed &lt;strong&gt;for a given test round&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, these are rather ad-hoc, and we don't have a good way of managing things or answering questions such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test authoring&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have we written a test for feature X yet?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many planned test cases do we have left to write?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test results across test rounds&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does this particular test have a history of failing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are we ready to re-execute the tests that failed during the last round?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which tests should we run in the next round?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've tried using JIRA, but since there's no connection between our actual protocols and their associated JIRA items, there's a lot of manual work to keep JIRA in sync, and it inevitably falls behind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I've seen, a lot of test management tools require you to write and run your manual tests in their tool. We would like to keep our in-house format, or at the very least a text-based format (as in, the source files should be text-based; exporting to a text-based format doesn't count) that we can keep in source control and easily grep, edit, etc. along with our code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is anyone aware of any test management tools that support integrating existing manual tests without migrating them to the tool itself? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T17:09:02.977" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T17:09:02.977" Title="Test Management Tools for Manual Protocols that can be kept in Source Control?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27358" CreationDate="2017-05-20T04:57:03.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your company has already invested in a custom XML format and a tool to execute these XML scenarios automatically.&#xA;I  would suggest then to write your own in-house management tool as well. It doesn't have to be complex, and will give you exactly what you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reading key fields from XML scenarios is the main advantage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write test results to a database for your metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The tool can be as simple as a list of XML files, and a grid showing the results and details of the selected XML.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same for the features/requirements which you'll have to parse from somewhere; the feature-to-XML mapping should just be another XML field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-20T04:57:03.063" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27361" CreationDate="2017-05-20T06:17:29.563" Score="2" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;In real time project, who provides BDD scenarios (cucumber feature file) to be automated? Is it already provided by the business or QA person has to write it? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25224" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T06:56:48.917" Title="Who provided BDD scenarios to be automated?" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27360" CreationDate="2017-05-20T07:00:17.313" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This depends who you let write them. It is not like there is a rule whom should write them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At least the &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Feature-Introduction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Feature:&lt;/a&gt;&quot; part of the BDD should be written by a business person as user-story format is from a business perspective. The &quot;Scenario:&quot; examples could be written by others:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Product Owner: In Agile teams I think this is a great candidate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA: BDD Scenarios or Acceptance steps are tests, so letting test-minded people write them makes sense.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developer: If no one else writes them this person could also write them if they want to work test-first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would hold &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/specification-by-example.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Specification by Example workshops&lt;/a&gt; and let the team define them together including business people, developers and qa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-21T06:34:56.957" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T06:34:56.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27363" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-20T11:03:16.977" Score="1" ViewCount="284" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Login method that accepts an ENUM e.g Customer.VALID or Customer.INVALID and I use cucumber to login with a valid or invalid customer using that, however I want to change it to just accept username/password for more re-use cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I handle this situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hit the login box with credentials (user/password)&#xA;valid is obviously logged in,&#xA;invalid is obviously not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of wait.until / if statement combo can I utilise to make this easy?  using the ENUM i was certain if the login would be a pass or fail so I could easily just handle it with customer.VALID wait.until &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But how do I best handle this when Im not certain if they will be able to login or not? but at the same time making a robust enough method that will not be brittle/flaky and cater for both scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    CustomerLoginPage.userNameField().clear();&#xA;    CustomerLoginPage.passwordField().clear();&#xA;    CustomerLoginPage.userNameField().sendKeys(userName);&#xA;    CustomerLoginPage.passwordField().sendKeys(password);&#xA;    CustomerLoginPage.loginButton().click();&#xA;&#xA;if(customer.equals(customer.VALID)) {&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains(&quot;Welcome&quot;));    &#xA;    } else {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;        } catch (InterruptedException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(CustomerLoginPage.failedLoginLabel()));&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I make the above A) Better and B) Suitable to a more reusable approach.&#xA;Obviously waiting for an element that will only be present if successfully logged in will require some sort of logic in place there that isnt going to throw an exception if the user doesn't get logged in, this is what im most curious about and how to solve this with best practice.  Something like this would work, but is it bad? I feel there is something better available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(loginPageUrl.equals(driver.getCurrentUrl())) {&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(CustomerLoginPage.failedLoginLabel()));&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;        } catch (InterruptedException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains(&quot;Welcome&quot;));    &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="18814" LastEditDate="2017-05-20T11:33:04.080" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T12:15:36.067" Title="Selenium login method guidance" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27365" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27370" CreationDate="2017-05-20T19:33:01.010" Score="3" ViewCount="584" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I have read about functional programming, it is considered to be more concise, more testable, and have fewer side effects. Would it be good to use for UI test automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context&lt;/strong&gt;: I am working in protractor with JavaScript and JavaScript supports functional programming concepts to an good extent. So I explored and experimented with concepts like higher order functions,immutability,pure functions,no side effects and functors like map, reduce, and filter, but I could not get it to a meaningful state in the context of UI automation. Does anyone have experience using it with Protractor/nightwatch or another javascript based UI test automation framework who could share some insights on using a more functional approach opposed to Object oriented or procedural approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expectation&lt;/strong&gt;: It would be great if someone can share some code examples with a few typical automation use cases to explain it in the automation context, as opposed to generic programming scenarios.  Also some insights on how it can improve the code for test automation; my primary design goals are maintainability, reusability and readability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;:  To give an concrete typical scenario, in UI automation we need to interact with UI Grid and verify the content from an specific row and column based on some condition, and verify it with some expected values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T23:30:17.727" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T23:30:17.727" Title="Using Functional programming for UI Test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27360" CreationDate="2017-05-21T06:56:48.917" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preferrably, the feature files are not provided but are created in a collaborative effect between tester, developer and product owner. Commonly referred as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://inviqa.com/blog/bdd-guide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;three amigos concept&lt;/a&gt;. See also thoughts on this from the creators of cucumber &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/blog/2014/03/03/the-worlds-most-misunderstood-collaboration-tool&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/blog/2014/03/03/the-worlds-most-misunderstood-collaboration-tool&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18297" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T06:56:48.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27369" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-21T11:24:05.167" Score="1" ViewCount="547" Body="&lt;p&gt;My safari browser unable to locate the elements also and used so many delays:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M0INC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M0INC.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screen Shot of log&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Configurations are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;iMAC Version:       10.11.6 OS X El Capitan&#xA;Safari Version:     10.0.3&#xA;Protractor version: 5.1.1&#xA;Selenium Version    3.0.2 &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also Attaching the screen shot of the log.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13280" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T01:08:42.070" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T01:08:42.070" Title="Unable to run the Protractor tests in safari browser and build failed" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27365" CreationDate="2017-05-21T16:50:31.037" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Functional programming can indeed be a powerful tool, but it requires a very different way of thinking than OOP or procedural programming. It isn't a magic hammer, though, so isolated examples are unlikely to be very helpful in knowing &lt;strong&gt;when&lt;/strong&gt; to use it. I would recommend developing a deep understanding of it, perhaps even learning a truly functional language such as Scheme or Haskell. Once you develop that understanding, you will have a better idea of what situations it makes sense to use it in, and when a different paradigm would better meet your design goals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One good resource is the book and MIT lectures &lt;a href=&quot;https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-001-structure-and-interpretation-of-computer-programs-spring-2005/video-lectures/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs&lt;/a&gt;, which uses Scheme. There are plenty of coding exercises in the book, and the course does a deep dive into the underlying functional programming concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastActivityDate="2017-05-21T16:50:31.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27374" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-22T05:02:55.820" Score="1" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is tough to select the date of birth from the calendar. Change the calendar format so that it should be easy to choose the year. It should be user friendly,  what kind of issue is this? UI or Functional or Non Functional&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8886" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T02:17:12.390" Title="Need to know what kind of issue is this?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-05-29T17:58:44.167" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27374" CreationDate="2017-05-22T05:09:43.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So what you are saying is that it is functionally working and the problem is that it unhandy to use. This would be a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_experience_design&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UX&lt;/a&gt; issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;User experience design (UX, UXD, UED or XD) is the process of&#xA;  enhancing user satisfaction with a product by improving the &lt;strong&gt;usability&lt;/strong&gt;,&#xA;  accessibility, and &lt;strong&gt;pleasure&lt;/strong&gt; provided in the interaction with the&#xA;  product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T05:09:43.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27294" CreationDate="2017-05-22T06:52:45.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have found another option: Qualys, Inc SSL Labs API. Libraries and command-line tools are available for Java, .Net, Python and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ssllabs.com/projects/ssllabs-apis/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.ssllabs.com/projects/ssllabs-apis/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The terms of use permit users to test their own servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15436" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T06:52:45.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1055" CreationDate="2017-05-22T07:39:55.013" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my region, the short answer is YES.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I find this issue similar to having a driving license. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many teenager who knows how to drive car but with out driving license. Another example: there are some adults whose driving license has been taken back as a punishment. Both groups knows how to drive a car but with out a license someone (Police Officer) do not know if they can drive or not and they will get punished if they drive a car. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar to above example ISTQB certificate shows that you have  at least basic knowledge of software testing and someone (Human Resources) easily could understand this. With out certificate Human Resources less likely to call you for a appointment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might be different if you are in another part of the world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T16:23:47.473" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T16:23:47.473" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27379" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-22T08:37:13.653" Score="0" ViewCount="3052" Body="&lt;p&gt;My workplace needs to move away from manual excel spreadsheets. The solution we choose must meet these conditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;support automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;suitable for small testing team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cost effective&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;can integrate with JIRA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the advantages and disadvantages of Zephyr, TestRail, and QTest as test management tools especially with these conditions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22476" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T11:30:40.060" LastActivityDate="2021-05-29T19:03:00.247" Title="Zephyr vs Test Rail vs QTest" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27382" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-22T09:57:49.947" Score="0" ViewCount="3202" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Robot Framework. I am trying to access the element/link inside a span tag. The number is a quote ID, which is a hyperlink that redirects to another page. Should I use Click Element or Click Link?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D3RO7.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D3RO7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;x-grid-cell-inner &quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; ;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;563929450915&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25784" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:13:59.580" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:13:59.580" Title="How to Access the data in Span element using Robot Framework" Tags="&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-22T10:11:21.480" Score="0" ViewCount="8979" Body="&lt;p&gt;HTML code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;label for=&quot;exampleInputEmail1&quot;&amp;gt;Gender&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input id=&quot;optionsRadios1&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;Male&quot; checked=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;gender&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    Male&#xA;    &amp;lt;input id=&quot;optionsRadios1&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;Female&quot; name=&quot;gender&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    Female&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I select and click on the radio button if it's already Checked?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24863" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T17:55:24.433" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T17:55:24.433" Title="How do I select a radio button if it is already checked?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27384" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27386" CreationDate="2017-05-22T10:11:46.710" Score="0" ViewCount="648" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am have added the lines of code as suggested. I still get the same error message.&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CvbY6.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CvbY6.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error - Only Assignment Call, Increment.... Can Be Used As A Statement&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="21701" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T00:35:11.377" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T01:08:37.697" Title="Unable To Extract Data From Webpage Using Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27385" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-22T10:18:01.373" Score="0" ViewCount="3124" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to access a select HTML element using Selenium WebDriver. But I'm getting a &lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;. This is happening only while handling elements inside a table. Otherwise elements are located easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Xpath I'm using:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select URLSelect=new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//table/tbody/tr/td[1]/select&quot;)));&#xA;URLSelect.selectByValue(&quot;Integration Console&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Screenshot of firepath console:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GW37L.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GW37L.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Console data:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: //table/tbody/tr/td[1]/select&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'&#xA;System info: host: 'D-113102687', ip: '10.200.214.51', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_60'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{moz:profile=C:\Users\KA318963\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.WRaqhIjIbR05, rotatable=false, timeouts={implicit=0.0, pageLoad=300000.0, script=30000.0}, pageLoadStrategy=normal, platform=ANY, specificationLevel=0.0, moz:accessibilityChecks=false, acceptInsecureCerts=false, browserVersion=53.0.2, platformVersion=10.0, moz:processID=11756.0, browserName=firefox, javascriptEnabled=true, platformName=windows_nt}]&#xA;Session ID: bcddd003-0d0a-43e6-8c10-98cbf91d5c43&#xA;*** Element info: {Using=xpath, value=//table/tbody/tr/td[1]/select}&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:150)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:115)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:45)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:164)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:637)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:410)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByXPath(RemoteWebDriver.java:509)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByXPath.findElement(By.java:361)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:402)&#xA;    at Trial.main(Trial.java:225)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.ProfilesIni;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;public class Trial {&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {&#xA;&#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;D:\\Selenium\\Gecko\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;ProfilesIni profile = new ProfilesIni();&#xA;FirefoxProfile myprofile = profile.getProfile(&quot;SeleniumProfile&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver(myprofile);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://10.235.80.98:8080/digite/Request?Key=siteadm_login&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='loginId']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='password']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;111111&quot;);&#xA;WebElement button=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/section/div/div/div/form/p[3]/input&quot;));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;            executor.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, button);&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;Select URLSelect=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;selectURL&quot;)));&#xA;URLSelect.selectByValue(&quot;Integration Console&quot;);&#xA;Select jobSelect=new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='job']&quot;)));&#xA;jobSelect.selectByValue(&quot;Wipro Project Pre Process Adaptor&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='showSync_7004']&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;} catch (Exception e) {&#xA;e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried absolute xpath also for the same. But nothing I've tried seems to work. Help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25730" LastEditorUserId="25730" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T12:06:27.743" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T14:17:19.353" Title="No such element exception while handling elements inside tables in Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27386" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27384" CreationDate="2017-05-22T10:21:56.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to do something with the text. For example, assign to some variable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string pressureToday = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(xpathExpression)).Text;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T01:08:37.697" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T01:08:37.697" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27383" CreationDate="2017-05-22T10:41:16.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is already an answer here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23800792/how-to-check-if-the-radio-button-is-selected-or-not-in-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23800792/how-to-check-if-the-radio-button-is-selected-or-not-in-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try checking if button is selected, then clicking&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (driver.findElement(By.Id(' ')).isSelected() == false)&#xA;  {&#xA;       driver.findElement(By.Id(' ')).Click()&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T11:33:47.443" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T10:41:16.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27388" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27390" CreationDate="2017-05-22T11:17:37.430" Score="1" ViewCount="752" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some experience with using Selenium and Python to set up testing frameworks for web applications using the Page Object pattern. However, my current employer wishes to keep all of our tests within TestComplete. I was wondering if it's possible to use the Page Object Model with TestCompelete. I can think of the following two ways of going about this - but I'm unsure if they work in practice. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create PageObjects inside of TestComplete in either Python or using&#xA;the Record/Play tool, and then write a series of test suites using&#xA;these Page Objects. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a Page Object Model framework outside of TestComplete using&#xA;    Python and Selenium, and then import this into TestComplete, where I&#xA;    would write a series of test suites using methods created via this&#xA;    framework.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice or stories on successfully/unsuccessfully implementing the Page Object Model in TestComplete would be appreciated too. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T12:00:44.507" Title="Can you create a Page Object Model framework inside of TestComplete?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27389" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-22T11:53:11.793" Score="0" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in &lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;. I first recorded the app and generated a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scala-lang.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scala&lt;/a&gt; file. Then I run the code using gatling.sh. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code that hits the application for 5 users for diiferent time period .   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;setUp(scn.inject(atOnceUsers(5))).protocols(httpProtocol)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to know the code for 10 concurrent users to open the app on the same time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to check my app to find out how many concurrent users can open the app on the same time without any crashes. Do I need to allocate memory for my server?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-22T12:12:04.433" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T12:12:04.433" Title="Inject the code for at a time concurrent users can open the app" Tags="&lt;gatling&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27388" CreationDate="2017-05-22T12:00:44.507" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can use the Page Object model with TestComplete. You can use Selenium, or you can learn how TestComplete's web object model works and use that instead. If you haven't already done so, I'd recommend reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://support.smartbear.com/testcomplete/docs/reference/test-objects/controls/web/general/page/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SmartBear's documentation&lt;/a&gt; on the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the things you will need to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To use Selenium, you would need to work out how to reference the Selenium .dll files and manually build the reference into your test projects. My experience with TestComplete and third-party .dll files is that it's a lot easier to work with TestComplete's built-in functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestComplete's web control management is extremely easy to work with. I strongly recommend using it rather than Selenium, then using TestComplete's aliasing ability to define simple named aliases for the controls you are interacting with. That way, if something changes you don't need to make any code changes: just update your mapped alias.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I recommend using the Record/Play tool only to locate your objects and components.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need to write cross-browser web tests, the TestComplete web mapping tool may not be your best choice. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/24685/hierarchy-and-names-of-objects-in-mapped-name-of-a-same-object-are-varying-from?rq=1&quot;&gt;Hierarchy and names of objects in mapped name of a same object are varying from browser to browser in TestComplete&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A general TestComplete caveat: you will need to make sure you are not running your scripts headless. The tool requires an active GUI interface. The method I've seen used effectively is to use TestComplete's light-weight execution engine (TestExecute) to run on remote systems, and check progress by one or more of:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setting up the remote system with a lightweight VNC server and connecting to it using a VNC client.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the remote system is on a virtual machine server, using the VM client connection tools to check it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exporting test logs to a shared network location for checking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adding a scripted wrap up routine to collate and email script results at the end of a run.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T12:00:44.507" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27391" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27389" CreationDate="2017-05-22T12:11:15.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest way to find out how many concurrent users your app can take is to change the number of concurrent users (&lt;code&gt;atOnceUsers()&lt;/code&gt;) the test runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ten concurrent users is &lt;code&gt;atOnceUsers(10)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just keep increasing the number of concurrent users until something fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You do not need to allocate memory for your server: you need to note that the app fails with &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; concurrent users on a server with memory of &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;. If your environment isn't a mirror of production, you can look at different server variables or use virtual machines where you can easily change the memory available to change the memory and see how well the app scales. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I strongly recommend you work your way through several basic coding tutorials, because you have asked many questions that can be answered with basic coding knowledge. You will be less confused if you understand basic code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T12:11:15.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27383" CreationDate="2017-05-22T12:14:00.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First you need to check whether the radio button is selected or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second if the radio button is already selected don't do anything but if the radio button is not selected then you need to click on the radio button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can do this using the below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Getting the radio button webelement.&#xA;WebElement radio_Button = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;xyz&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Checking if the radio is selected or not&#xA;if(!radio_Button.isSelected())&#xA;{&#xA;  radio_Button.click();//If the radio button is not selected click on the radion button&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T12:14:00.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27385" CreationDate="2017-05-22T12:54:20.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest you wait for the webelement to get loaded first then perform the activity that you want to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Initialize a wait for 30 seconds.&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30)&#xA;&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;selectURL&quot;))); /*Waiting for the WebElement to be Visible.*/&#xA;&#xA;Select URLSelect=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;selectURL&quot;)));&#xA;URLSelect.selectByValue(&quot;Integration Console&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T12:54:20.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27394" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26322" CreationDate="2017-05-22T13:17:24.813" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Time related testing is tricky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We get over this problem in our database testing, by having a procedure called getedate(), internally, it calls the getdate() system function, which normally returns the current datetime of the server, but there is a configuration table which has an override datetime stored. If the configuration table has the override value set, then the database procedures will run as if it were that datetime, otherwise if the configuration override is NULL then it uses the current datetime.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a small system overhead that you need to be aware of that may deliver a performance hit to your application, but if that is acceptable, this is a fairly simple way to move forward and backwards in time and have different date time setups on different servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T13:17:24.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27383" CreationDate="2017-05-22T13:30:32.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the answer in Python, in case you're not using Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;radio_button = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;&amp;lt;id&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;if radio_button.is_selected():&#xA;    radio_button.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information can be found here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14442636/how-can-i-check-if-a-checkbox-is-checked-in-selenium-python-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14442636/how-can-i-check-if-a-checkbox-is-checked-in-selenium-python-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T13:30:32.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27397" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27970" CreationDate="2017-05-22T13:51:30.837" Score="1" ViewCount="118" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing load test with Jmeter on web application. Recently I noticed that some of the service responses from the application server started taking longer time to arrive to the client (browser). While inspecting the application code I saw that those particular functions, responsible for the service request/response, do all the mathematical calculations inside the code itself, rather then querying database and do all the calculations there. My question is: will the application behave faster if data calculation is done in the database itself, or it will be faster to do all the calculation in the code (retrieving data separately from db), so I can advise to the developers about possible causes of the slowness. Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T08:30:16.883" Title="Jmeter load test: verifying the speed of the service response" Tags="&lt;database&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27397" CreationDate="2017-05-22T14:16:27.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a general principle, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if the calculations are &lt;strong&gt;set-based&lt;/strong&gt; calculations, then they will definitely be faster one in the database. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if they calculations are &lt;strong&gt;pure mathematical&lt;/strong&gt; then there should be no problem in them being done by the test suite, if the language is a compiled language. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be interesting to try and force the same calculation (if possible) in the database versus in your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24997" LastEditorUserId="24997" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T08:09:43.570" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T08:09:43.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26322" CreationDate="2017-05-22T14:58:15.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First and foremost, the question of &quot;What happens if . . .&quot; isn't up for you to decide.  If the thing that you're testing doesn't have a documented answer to that question, it's up to you to make sure it is answered by the appropriate person/organization, but you really shouldn't be asking that question here, as the answer is going to be &quot;It depends.&quot;  It'll depend on the banks involved, possibly the laws of the country/countries involved, probably the language of the contract that allows the transfer to happen, and the payment infrastructure that is being used.  It may also depend on the business process owner, who may want to grant leniency or not in a given situation.  This is really not the sort of thing you as a tester want to determine what the correct behavior is; if you answer it incorrectly, you could be opening someone up to liability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to how to test this, stubs/mocking/test scaffolding is the way to go.  Once you have an answer to the question (and it's possible that there are multiple answers, depending on country of origin/contract language/etc), you have to, internally, be able to determine what the right answer is.  And you can certainly write function testcases for that.  It would probably be better to have this determined by querying database, not in code, as the answer might well change if laws or contract language changes.  And then, once you're sure you can get the right answer, you'll need to write test cases that mock the appropriate external systems, and verify that your program is dealing with the external systems in the way that is documented (i.e., making a payment request for a larger amount if a fee is involved, or possibly making two payment requests, one for the service and one for the fee, or whatever.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T14:58:15.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27401" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-22T16:20:18.093" Score="1" ViewCount="373" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the Cucumber options is to create a .html report or .json file of the features being run in a given test.  Every time you execute a test run, it runs through the tests and at the end of a run it dumps a json file to a target location.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone knew a way to execute the same set test runner to just generate that .json file and not actually execute the tests?  Ideally, I just want a set of .json files I could consume elsewhere or be used in another application.  Or if this is not feasible any suggestions of using cucumber/gherkin to parse Gherkin into a .json file? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14559" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:32:35.557" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:32:35.557" Title="Running a Cucumber test runner without executing the tests" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27145" CreationDate="2017-05-22T20:36:37.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are multiple ways to do it, just two immediately obvious:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way is to deal with the email: check if it is present, read it, parse it, get URL, GET or POST it as appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way is to query the database for info related to confirmation emails, and build the URL from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, it all depends what tools/languages/libraries you have, what access you have, how much effort you want to invest in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-05-22T20:36:37.917" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27414" CreationDate="2017-05-23T02:30:59.423" Score="0" ViewCount="417" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zwoCQ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zwoCQ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error - The Name &amp;#39;CultureInfo&amp;#39; Does Not Exist In The Current Context&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bIQzK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bIQzK.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error - An Unhandled Exception Of type &amp;#39;System.FormatException&amp;#39; Occurredl In Mscorlib.dll&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get this error message when I run this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        //Wait for web element to become visible&#xA;        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(15000);&#xA;&#xA;        //Click on Table button&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;detail-table-view&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;        //Obtaining pressure For 2100 hours today&#xA;        //driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[6]&quot;)).Text;&#xA;        string pressureToday = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Text;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        //Click On next day button on website, i.e. Wednesday 24/05/2017&#xA;        driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='blq-content']/div[7]/div[2]/ul/li[3]/a/div/h3/span&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;        //Obtain pressure for 2100 Hours tomorrow&#xA;        //driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Text;&#xA;        string pressureTomorrow = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[15]&quot;)).Text;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        //Subtract the two values above and then 'echo' the result in Selenium&#xA;        int val1 = Int32.Parse(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[15]&quot;)).Text);&#xA;        int val2 = Int32.Parse(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='hourly']/div[3]/table/tfoot/tr[3]/td[16]&quot;)).Text);&#xA;&#xA;        int difference = val1 - val2;&#xA;      System.Console.WriteLine(&quot;Difference is: &quot; + difference);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="27720" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T11:31:23.403" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T11:31:23.403" Title="Error - An unhandled exception of type 'System.FormatException' occurred in mscorlib.dll" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27408" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-23T05:43:47.303" Score="3" ViewCount="343" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to my previous example &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27348/how-to-get-api-response-xml-values-in-to-variables-in-jmeter-tool-for-matching-p/27351#27351&quot;&gt;How to get API response XML values in to variables in Jmeter tool for matching purpose with DB?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;first time run API shown in Jmeter -&gt; Xapth tester&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WHRI8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WHRI8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is defined in jmeter Pattern to test ${ID_1}   -  Value in DB Dynamically changing so &lt;strong&gt;it will fail the result in API - Response Assertion&lt;/strong&gt;  on another day&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uPxPS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uPxPS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to this in jmeter -&gt; Pattern to test value should be ${ID_2} []&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So How To Resolve this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;====DB table values shown below ===&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dyG9I.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dyG9I.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OZYpf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OZYpf.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T05:58:30.363" LastActivityDate="2018-12-28T13:01:15.257" Title="How to use Jmeter JDBC Request for For Dynamically changing Xml elements?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27411" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-23T07:20:09.103" Score="1" ViewCount="2310" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario to test where I download a PDF file from UI and compare the content of PDF with an image. This image is just a small portion of the PDF. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am downloading the PDF using Selenium and taking the screenshot of an element and saving it as image. Is there a possible way to verify whether that image is present in PDF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25802" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-23T07:38:58.707" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T12:56:41.537" Title="How to compare image and PDF using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;pdf-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27379" CreationDate="2017-05-23T07:30:30.277" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;strong&gt;Test Link&lt;/strong&gt; as Open source test management tool .Integrate Jira to Test link for posting bugs is easy. Testlink we can keep our automation scripts for test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;JIRA&lt;/strong&gt; you can create Separate Project for test management .we need to create Issue type as Test case , configure the fields for test ,case template create workflow for test case management and integrate issue type and work flow to the Test Management Project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21075" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T07:30:30.277" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27411" CreationDate="2017-05-23T07:37:45.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium can only driver the browser. So after you have downloaded a file you need some other way to check its content.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The technique is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_matching&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;template matching&lt;/a&gt;, finding an image within another image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.imagemagick.org/script/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ImageMagick&lt;/a&gt; to convert the PDF to a image and then check the image contains another image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Convert PDF to Image: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6605006/convert-pdf-to-image-with-high-resolution&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6605006/convert-pdf-to-image-with-high-resolution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare images: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/compare/#sub-image&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/compare/#sub-image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably you have to make sure the image you are comparing have the same resolution...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes it is possible, but it won't be straightforward and easy to implement, better to ask some developers to help you. Also question yourself what are you testing? Testing with image comparing is prone to a lot of maintenance, can you trust the PDF library todo its work? Unit-test the generations behavior and just check the file is generated in the end-to-end test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T07:37:45.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27406" CreationDate="2017-05-23T09:31:20.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably the text you get contains , or . and you cant convert that to whole number directly. And if you already got the text, there is no need to find it again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var _pressureToday = Double.Parse(pressureToday,CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)&#xA;var _pressureTomorrow = Double.Parse(pressureTomorrow,CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)&#xA;&#xA;var difference = _pressureToday - _pressureTomorrow;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T09:31:20.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27415" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-23T11:13:02.860" Score="3" ViewCount="821" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in Gatling. when I inject with 1000 users, GUI shows some failed request, I want to know which request got failed? How to understand why the request will get fail? Maybe accessing low-speed internet got failure sometimes is it true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is my Scala code where failed request found:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.exec(http(&quot;request_11&quot;)&#xA;.post(&quot;/notifications/statusUpdate&quot;)&#xA;.headers(headers_11)&#xA;.formParam(&quot;notif_id&quot;, &quot;152&quot;)&#xA;.formParam(&quot;conditions&quot;, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;.resources(http(&quot;request_11 Redirect&quot;)&#xA;.get(&quot;/employee/selfservice/grievance&quot;)&#xA;.headers(headers_0)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to understand why this request got failed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ev1at.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ev1at.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T10:00:27.370" LastActivityDate="2018-10-17T05:00:34.243" Title="How to understand why below request fails using Gatling tool?" Tags="&lt;gatling&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27417" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27433" CreationDate="2017-05-23T14:14:54.493" Score="0" ViewCount="3946" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing black box testing. I have listed test cases in a table. How can i compute the total number of test cases? Is there any formula?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test case inputs are as follows (test cases)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1 # of input string is 2&#xA;2 # of input string is 1&#xA;3 # of input string is 4&#xA;4 length of string is 10&#xA;5 length of string is 15&#xA;6 length of string is 13&#xA;7 length of string is 9&#xA;8 length of string is 16&#xA;9 string alphabets are between a~z&#xA;10 string alphabets are other than a~z (special characters)&#xA;11 string alphabets are other than a~z (numeric values)&#xA;12 String is in lower case a~z&#xA;13 String is in lower case A~Z&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25807" LastEditorUserId="1455" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T20:29:13.130" LastActivityDate="2018-11-23T17:45:18.003" Title="How to compute the total number of test cases from test case table" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27374" CreationDate="2017-05-23T20:48:19.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-functional_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Non-Functional&lt;/a&gt; testing includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Baseline testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compliance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Documentation testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Endurance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Localization testing and Internationalization testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recovery testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resilience testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scalability testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stress testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usability testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Volume testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-23T20:48:19.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26372" CreationDate="2017-05-24T03:16:36.327" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was a table which had a table inside it. I used loops to read in all rows in a table into a list of WebElement type. Iterated through this list size to have all columns in each row. Now I have all elements in the table on which I can perform any action intended. This is why @Peter Masiar asked me to read up on loops. Below is how one can do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement htmltable=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='main']/table[1]/tbody&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows=htmltable.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;for(int rnum=0;rnum&amp;lt;rows.size();rnum++)&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; columns=rows.get(rnum).findElements(By.tagName(&quot;th&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Number of columns:&quot;+columns.size());&#xA;&#xA;    for(int cnum=0;cnum&amp;lt;columns.size();cnum++)&#xA;&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(columns.get(cnum).getText());&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24416" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T09:27:37.097" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T09:27:37.097" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27424" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-24T05:13:49.543" Score="0" ViewCount="705" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package captionlabs;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;public class Login_captionlabs {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;         System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;D:\\selenium\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;https://my.development.sourcefile.com&quot;);&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='login-form']/fieldset/section[1]/label[2]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;info@captionlabs.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25818" LastEditorUserId="25818" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T03:49:14.530" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T06:30:56.383" Title="I am getting an error &quot;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException&quot; while running the selenium code" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27424" CreationDate="2017-05-24T05:45:46.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are calling &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; the element probably doesn't exist yet on your page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to wait explicitly for the element to become visible, here's how:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/how-to-wait-until-an-element-is-present-in-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20903231/how-to-wait-until-an-element-is-present-in-selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T07:08:51.013" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T07:08:51.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27430" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-24T10:40:02.153" Score="1" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;How difficult to switch from manual testing to automation testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24367" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T11:43:08.623" Title="How difficult to switch from manual testing to automation testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-05-24T12:27:57.713" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27430" CreationDate="2017-05-24T11:43:08.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. Test automation is a different field, you will have learn new skills and have a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradigm_shift&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;paradigm shift&lt;/a&gt; of how you look at building and testing software. So if you have a hard time adapting to a new world this might also be a challenge. For quick learners and progressive people this might be easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you need programming skills. If you find learning programming hard then the transition will be hard. There are record and playback tools, this might make it easier at first, but any test automation expert is a well skilled programmer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T11:43:08.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27417" CreationDate="2017-05-24T12:16:58.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you are looking at some kind of input, I presume your test case variables here are organized a little like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of strings - 1, 2, 4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Total length - 9, 10, 13, 15, 16&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Character set - alpha, special characters, numeric&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Casing - lowercase, uppercase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your dependencies and limitations are probably:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only alpha character sets can have casing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more than one string must include a separator (probably the &lt;kbd&gt;space&lt;/kbd&gt; key)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of strings and total length variables cannot be combined&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Character set and casing can be combined&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means you have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3 possible string counts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5 string lengths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Because character sets don't combine against themselves (that is, it's useless to have alpha + alpha as a character set variable) you have 7 possible character set groupings:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alpha&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;numeric&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;special characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alpha + numeric&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alpha + special&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;numeric + special&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alpha + numeric + special&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3 casing sets&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upper case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lower case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;mixed case (upper + lower)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That makes the total number of character set + casing combinations 12: 3 casing options multiplied by the 4 character set groupings containing alpha characters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, if you choose to test each possible combination of string count, string length, character set, and casing you will have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(number of strings)*(length)*(character set + casing)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;3*5*12 = 180 test cases&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T12:16:58.460" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27424" CreationDate="2017-05-24T12:40:09.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are getting the &quot;NoSuchElementException&quot; because as soon as you enter the url you are using sendkeys even before the web page has completely loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest After you open the url wait till the webelement that you are looking for to get loaded first and then use sendkeys&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so the refactored code should look somewhat like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;https://my.development.sourcefile.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//Initializing the 'wait' with a 30 seconds deplay before it throws a NoSuchElementException&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);&#xA;&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='login-form']/fieldset/section[1]/label[2]/input&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='login-form']/fieldset/section[1]/label[2]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;info@captionlabs.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if this helps you or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="25818" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T06:30:56.383" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T06:30:56.383" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-24T12:56:37.823" Score="1" ViewCount="1692" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void click_random_retailer() &#xA;{&#xA;    int randomNumber = new Random().nextInt(discoverPageObjects.merchantDivs.size() - 1) + 1;&#xA;    WebElement div = discoverPageObjects.merchantDivs.get(randomNumber);&#xA;    retailerName = div.findElement(By.cssSelector(discoverPageObjects.merchantNameLoc)).getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Going to click Merchant -&amp;gt;  &quot; + retailerName);&#xA;    WebElement merchantBtn = div.findElement(By.cssSelector(discoverPageObjects.merchantBtnLoc));&#xA;    merchantBtn.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25565" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T13:25:48.043" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T15:32:05.387" Title="Does Random.nextInt(int) return negative values using java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27435" CreationDate="2017-05-24T13:35:33.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No.  From the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Random.html#nextInt-int-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java documentation&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Returns a pseudorandom, uniformly distributed int value between 0 (inclusive) and the specified value (exclusive), drawn from this random number generator's sequence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Random.html#nextInt--&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;range of the parameterless version of nextInt is Integer.MIN_VALUE to Integer.MAX_VALUE, inclusive&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Proof that it can return negative numbers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ cat r.java&#xA;import java.util.Random;&#xA;&#xA;public class r {&#xA;    public static void main(final String[] args) {&#xA;        final Random random = new Random();&#xA;        for (int i=0; i&amp;lt;100; i++) {&#xA;            System.out.println(random.nextInt());&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;$ javac -d . r.java&#xA;$ java -cp . r | grep -- - | wc -l&#xA;49&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-05-24T15:32:05.387" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T15:32:05.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12583" CreationDate="2017-05-24T19:27:03.787" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usage of Waits in selenium should be chosen judiciously based on the scenario and the applications you are automating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use the implicit wait in selenium it applies to the web driver globally and increases the execution time for the entire script. so it is not always advisable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whereas you can use the explicit wait when ever you know that the loading of a particular element takes some time or want the page to load  in case similar to this explicit wait will be preferred. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25416" LastActivityDate="2017-05-24T19:27:03.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26800" CreationDate="2017-05-24T19:41:15.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can perform the operation of switching from the parent to child tab using the below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; st= driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = st.iterator();&#xA;String parent =  it.next();&#xA;String child = it.next();&#xA;&#xA;// switch to child&#xA;driver.swtichTo().window(child);&#xA;Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;//swtich to parent&#xA;driver.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Returned to parent&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25416" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2019-06-06T10:32:14.910" LastActivityDate="2019-06-06T10:32:14.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27440" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27441" CreationDate="2017-05-25T00:51:57.557" Score="2" ViewCount="9675" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to validate an Email address field comprehensively. From Wikipedia, I pulled the following valid/invalid email addresses, is there anything I am missing here? Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Valid email addresses&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;prettyandsimple@example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;very.common@example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;disposable.style.email.with+symbol@example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;other.email-with-dash@example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fully-qualified-domain@example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;x@example.com (one-letter local-part)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;very.unusual.@.unusual.com&quot;@example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;very.(),:;&amp;lt;&gt;[]\&quot;.VERY.\&quot;very@\&#xA;\&quot;very\&quot;.unusual&quot;@strange.example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example-indeed@strange-example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;admin@mailserver1 (local domain name with no TLD)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/#!$%&amp;amp;'*+-/=?^_`{}|~@example.org&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;()&amp;lt;&gt;[]:,;@\\&quot;!#$%&amp;amp;'-/=?^_`{}| ~.a&quot;@example.org&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot; &quot;@example.org (space between the quotes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example@s.solutions (see the List of Internet top-level domains)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;user@localserver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;user@tt (although ICANN highly discourages dotless email addresses)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;user@[IPv6:2001:DB8::1]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Invalid email addresses&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Abc.example.com (no @ character)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A@b@c@example.com (only one @ is allowed outside quotation marks)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a&quot;b(c)d,e:f;gi[j\k]l@example.com (none of the special characters&#xA;in this local-part are allowed outside quotation marks)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;just&quot;not&quot;right@example.com (quoted strings must be dot separated or&#xA;the only element making up the local-part)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this is&quot;not\allowed@example.com (spaces, quotes, and backslashes may&#xA;only exist when within quoted strings and preceded by a backslash)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;this\ still\&quot;not\allowed@example.com (even if escaped (preceded by a&#xA;backslash), spaces, quotes, and backslashes must still be contained&#xA;by quotes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234+x@example.com&#xA;(too long)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;john..doe@example.com (double dot before @)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example@localhost (sent from localhost)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;with caveat: Gmail lets this through, Email address#Local-part the&#xA;dots altogether&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;john.doe@example..com (double dot after @)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;much.more unusual&quot;@example.com&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a valid address with a leading space&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a valid address with a trailing space&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T07:11:58.047" Title="Various Email addresses we use to validate Email address" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27440" CreationDate="2017-05-25T05:01:17.663" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, for the negative cases like this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a&quot;b(c)d,e:f;gi[j\k]l@example.com (none of the special characters in&#xA;  this local-part are allowed outside quotation marks)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to split these up into one test per special character. Otherwise your test may pass because it finds a &lt;code&gt;[&lt;/code&gt; but could fail if only a &lt;code&gt;;&lt;/code&gt; were present. I.e. if the regex of your developer only finds some characters, you'll never know if you test them together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit: another consideration.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;How will you test this validation: in the GUI? If so, reconsider your test level for this test... Testing a Regex extensively should be automated at unit test (or API) level. The actual inputs in the GUI should be limited just to see if the validation is triggered and displayed properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T07:11:58.047" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T07:11:58.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27443" CreationDate="2017-05-25T06:53:15.383" Score="0" ViewCount="692" Body="&lt;p&gt;Response assertion failure for below assertion with DB? how to fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XML value&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0iXDk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0iXDk.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DB table&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pY8KL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pY8KL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mdLmH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mdLmH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T05:34:24.973" Title="Jmeter Response assertion failure on image URL matching with DB" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27442" CreationDate="2017-05-25T07:35:43.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to tick &lt;code&gt;JMeter Variable&lt;/code&gt; radiobutton in order to make this work as you expect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nrxme.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nrxme.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Response Assertion&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your current setup is comparing &lt;code&gt;${imageurl_1}&lt;/code&gt; with the parent sampler response. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See documentation on &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in Three Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt; guide for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware that you can check JMeter Variables names and values using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Debug_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debug Sampler&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T07:35:43.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27445" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T08:24:33.660" Score="0" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my first time using Equivalence Class Partitioning. I have decimal input fields that I need to test. I am going to explain my understanding of the ECP method and provide you with my test cases, so please correct me if I'm wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One field is of the type decimal(5, 2). So from my understanding of ECP is that I define class of valid and invalid numbers, and then use one valid case from the valid class, and two invalid cases from the invalid class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So going with my example, the valid class is from 111.11 to -111.11 The invalid class is 1111.11 to -1111.11. So for me I decided to use this case for valid input: input1= 111.11 and These cases for invalid input: input1= 1111.11 input2= -1111.11.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I doing it right? or is my understanding is wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25845" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T10:06:25.123" Title="Equivalence partitioning for decimal number" Tags="&lt;validation&gt;&lt;equivalence-partition&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T08:47:31.167" Score="-2" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;What exists and what are advantages / disadvantages of each one ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24367" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T22:30:36.750" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T18:58:22.473" Title="What test case management tools are available?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-05-25T20:00:26.453" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27445" CreationDate="2017-05-25T10:06:25.123" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your understanding is incomplete and your example is misleading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Equivalence partitioning does not divide inputs into two categories only, e.g. valid and invalid. It can divide inputs into as many classes as you see fit, e.g. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valid inputs that are too big&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Valid inputs that are big&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;valid inputs that are common&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invalid inputs that are common&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invalid inputs that are small&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invalid inputs that are too small&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as a partitioned class share a distinct characteristic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example is misleading, how can you define the valid class as from 111.11 to -111.11 and your invalid class as from 1111.11 to -1111.11. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your invalid class includes your valid class?!?!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Partitioned classes need to be mutually exclusive. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T10:06:25.123" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27450" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27451" CreationDate="2017-05-25T10:36:36.030" Score="0" ViewCount="2373" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recorded a script in Badboy software.&#xA;The steps I have followed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login into the site; it redirects to the info page and logs out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upload jmx file into JMeter, add view result tree and summary report, and run the script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it displays an error on the info page. How can I resolve this error?&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ahBog.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ahBog.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T20:01:46.257" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T20:37:55.340" Title="JUnit Error Response code 500" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27450" CreationDate="2017-05-25T10:56:16.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I doubt that you can replay Login event as modern web applications widely use dynamic parameters i.e. for page level state management (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb386448.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Viewstate&lt;/a&gt; for example) or security tokens to verify user origin (see i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSRF Token&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend recording your scenario 2 times and see if there are any differences. If they are - you will need to work them around using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;, the process is known as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-load-testing-scenarios-jmeter-part-1-correlations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correlation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also remember that Response Assertion in your case applies to all requests, if you need to apply it to i.e. &lt;code&gt;Info&lt;/code&gt; request only you need to add it &lt;strong&gt;as a child&lt;/strong&gt; of that request, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/test_plan.html#scoping_rules&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Scoping Rules&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general HTTP Status Code 500 stands for &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/500&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Internal Server Error&lt;/a&gt;, going forward I would suggest checking your application logs to see what went wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T10:56:16.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27447" CreationDate="2017-05-25T11:39:29.240" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The most commonly available tools for the test management process:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HP-ALM-Quality Center&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PractiTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA Complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QACoverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;qTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stryka&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Case Lab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestCollab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestLink&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestLodge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TestRail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XQual&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Zephyr&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T20:01:29.570" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T20:01:29.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27455" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T13:20:10.993" Score="1" ViewCount="122" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the automation tools for testing a website, which does load test, broken link test, Spelling check test and Compatibility test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25850" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T14:01:30.900" Title="Automation tool for website testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2017-05-25T14:51:42.383" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27455" CreationDate="2017-05-25T13:49:12.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are commercial tools such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testng &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ranorex &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ranorex.com/web-test-automation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.ranorex.com/web-test-automation.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ghostinspector &lt;a href=&quot;https://ghostinspector.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://ghostinspector.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gurock testrail &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/software-testing-tools.l.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.gurock.com/testrail/software-testing-tools.l.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are open source tools, primarily Selenium based tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The seleniumIDE - a browser (firefox only) plugin &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are open source frameworks that use 'selenium webdriver' that go with the following programming languages: Ruby, Java, Python and C++, PHP, Perl and Javascript.  For example Ruby has Rspec with Capybara for the selenium DSL part.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For load testing jmeter is commonly used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Broken links are often checked through tests which are written to check them, making sure that a 404 is not returned.  There are specific tools for this such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://go.siteimprove.com/broken-link-checker-trial-ppc-en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://go.siteimprove.com/broken-link-checker-trial-ppc-en&lt;/a&gt; and open source tools such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://validator.w3.org/checklink&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://validator.w3.org/checklink&lt;/a&gt; from W3C&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spelling is normally checked manually by internal processes.  There will not be regression tests for this.  So many words will be trade and product specific that it takes a lot of effort to maintain automated spelling checkers for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compatability of devices, browsers and versions is usually a fairly manual process.  What is right for a company will depend on many company factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-25T14:01:30.900" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T14:01:30.900" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27477" CreationDate="2017-05-25T15:07:40.020" Score="1" ViewCount="1335" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to create a login test for Microsoft Dynamic 365.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am able to fill in the login form fields, but the Sign in button is disabled until the user moves the mouse cursor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.screencast.com/t/6vYjhFZA6H&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.screencast.com/t/6vYjhFZA6H&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Debugging shows that this button should be enabled:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kMaDS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kMaDS.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The button has following attributes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button id=&quot;cred_sign_in_button&quot; class=&quot;button normaltext cred_sign_in_button refresh_domain_state control-button button-two button_primary&quot; style=&quot;opacity: 1;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        Sign in&#xA;    &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to set focus on it or move the mouse for some offset using a Selenium Action, but the browser doesn't consider this as the mouse moving. Only if I move the cursor by moving the mouse manually does it become active.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What causes this button to be disabled and how can I change its state?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Url = &quot;https://identifying365.crm4.dynamics.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;var Textbox_UserName = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cred_userid_inputtext&quot;));&#xA;var Textbox_Password = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cred_password_inputtext&quot;));&#xA;var Button_SignIn = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cred_sign_in_button&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Textbox_UserName.SendKeys(&quot;crmtest_admin@google.com&quot;);&#xA;Textbox_Password.SendKeys(&quot;Password&quot;);&#xA;Button_SignIn.Click();&#xA;Thread.Sleep(5000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1873" LastEditorUserId="1873" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T12:12:27.110" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T17:11:10.913" Title="Microsoft Dynamics 365 Sign In button can't be clicked by Selenium until mouse move action is performed" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27447" CreationDate="2017-05-25T17:59:57.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So your question is too broad to answer. Let's suggest questions you should ask yourself first to narrow down the choices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What are you testing? Application, browser, protocol, client/server.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What does your technology stack look like? Servers types, DB type (Oracle, MySQL, SQLServer), Windows, Linux, iOS, Android, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What type of tests are you running? Performance, security, Use Case validation, functional, UX, AB, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What level of experience and skill do the testers and engineers have? Programming ability, programming languages, ability to start from scratch, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;With what will your automation tool interact? Continuous build system, bug tracking (Bugzilla, JIRA), workflow/project control (JIRA).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How many people will work with this system?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What is the budget?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answers to these questions will help narrow down your choices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are whole websites for SQA devoted to helping down these questions. And remember to pay attention to the date that the material you are looking at was written. These tools constantly evolve--disadvantages often get fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25638" LastEditorUserId="25638" LastEditDate="2017-11-17T18:58:22.473" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T18:58:22.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27460" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T18:21:55.617" Score="2" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying the Dropwizard metrics as specified in their website. Below is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class QueueManager {&#xA;    private final Queue queue;&#xA;&#xA;    public QueueManager(MetricRegistry metrics, String name) {&#xA;        this.queue = new Queue();&#xA;        metrics.register(MetricRegistry.name(QueueManager.class, name, &quot;size&quot;),&#xA;                         new Gauge&amp;lt;Integer&amp;gt;() {&#xA;                             @Override&#xA;                             public Integer getValue() {&#xA;                                 return queue.size();&#xA;                             }&#xA;                         });&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I see an error in my IDE indicating &quot;Override is not allowed when implementing an interface method.&quot; as Gauge is one of the interfaces.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When I run the code without &lt;code&gt;@Override&lt;/code&gt; keyword, the program continues but, the &lt;code&gt;getValue()&lt;/code&gt; code block is not executed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11857" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T01:09:02.943" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T01:09:02.943" Title="Dropwizard metric to send Gauge : Error: Override is not allowed when implementing an interface method" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7452" CreationDate="2017-05-25T18:47:18.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the link below to generate a GPX files and then load it into Xcode as described in the other answers &lt;a href=&quot;https://mapstogpx.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GPX creator&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25861" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T18:47:18.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27458" CreationDate="2017-05-25T18:50:40.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a link to Dave Haeffner's solution to using mouse hovers and the ActionBuilder: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/tourdedave/elemental-selenium-tips/tree/master/50-hovers/csharp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/tourdedave/elemental-selenium-tips/tree/master/50-hovers/csharp&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its not a direct solution to your problem but it is a step in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8217" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T18:50:40.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27463" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-25T18:56:28.630" Score="0" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are assigned to a one time project that has few test &#xA;cases, those test cases will not be repeated on other &#xA;projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you suggest automation testing or manual &#xA;testing? Why? Mention three points that will encourage you &#xA;to automate tests for an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25862" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T06:58:11.613" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T20:03:12.707" Title="Automation testing or manual testing for a project" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27463" CreationDate="2017-05-25T19:31:02.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with any project is that once it becomes a success you need to maintain it. Often this also leads to more funding and a lot of extra features. Now to stay ahead of competitors the product needs to iterate fast and release features every day or week. Test automation lets you do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need test automation to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;let developers &lt;a href=&quot;https://codecleane.rs/2017/01/10/to-refactoring-workflow-to-refactor-safely/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refactor safely&lt;/a&gt; which is essential to keeping the code-base clean and extendable. If the developers do not have the confidence to refactor, the code will become a mess. Manual tests are to slow to refactor in small steps, leading to big refactorings with lots of bugs and long test-dev-ping-pong-cycles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;trust in your product enough so you can &lt;a href=&quot;https://continuousdelivery.com/foundations/test-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuously deploy&lt;/a&gt; automatically. Releasing often is key to staying ahead in a modern world.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third, I would say humans make mistakes and take shortcuts, certainly with manual testing as it is at the end of the process. Most things on the end of the process are optional, certainly if they are boring. Manual testing at the end of the cycle is boring. If you practise &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TDD&lt;/a&gt; or BDD and test-first automation you might prevent most human issues here as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an Agile tester and Agile coach, I would always advise to automate most if not all of the testing efforts. Sure you should critique the product manually with exploratory testing for example, but any testing that is repeated should be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read these pages about &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical excellence&lt;/a&gt; for a project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T15:11:47.167" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T15:11:47.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27463" CreationDate="2017-05-25T19:35:57.220" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If test cases are repeatable in different project is irrelevant (they may have separate change, drift in different direction, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is relevant: &lt;strong&gt;How many times we can expect test to be ran repeatedly with no or little change&lt;/strong&gt;. Unless you are sure you will repeat the test many times (dozens or hundreds), it is simpler to just perform test manually. Tests are code too: they need to be designed, debugged and maintained. Do not underestimate that work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For tests which you will run just few dozen times, having a &lt;strong&gt;test as a text document interpreted by a thinking human&lt;/strong&gt; is much easier: human can interpret errors in the script and notice changes which test script might ignore (unless specifically coded). Of course this does not scale well, but has very low startup cost, unlike coded automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obligatory XKCD cartoons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://xkcd.com/1319/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://xkcd.com/1319/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://xkcd.com/1205/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://xkcd.com/1205/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T20:03:12.707" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T20:03:12.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27466" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27467" CreationDate="2017-05-25T20:01:58.530" Score="3" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing a Customer Relationship Management software package. I noticed that when a certain critical error occurs, an exception message will pop up but this exception message will only state:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unhandled exception, following by technical details.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to raise an issue to developers, requesting this critical exception to be handled properly and a proper message should be displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An unhandled exception does not provide any useful information to a user or a developer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are your thoughts?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T20:04:01.060" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T20:04:01.060" Title="Is it reasonable to ask developers to specify exception type?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27466" CreationDate="2017-05-25T20:48:43.477" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Stack Trace in the unhandled exception message should tell the developer what crashed and when. Your provided Steps to Reproduce should also help pin down the issue (a developer can't fix what they can't reproduce). In that case the exception should be fixed and/or handled better in future releases. Just report it like any other bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-25T20:48:43.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13839" CreationDate="2017-05-26T03:05:51.793" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is depends on how you design your test case. I have tested 500-8000 concurrent user per host depends on host power. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a screenshot from my 24T/32GB Host testing for 8000RPS and still more capable. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sarkershantonu/Bug-Storing-WS/blob/master/README.md#test-results&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/sarkershantonu/Bug-Storing-WS/blob/master/README.md#test-results&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in aws, i used to test 500 concurrent users for 7.5GB/4Core Xeon aws. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you need to optimize your test case and run in cli mode. &#xA;Use minimum requests, memory, single listener (i save jtl to analysis but add summerizer for looking test while running) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see tips &amp;amp; tricks from my blog also &lt;a href=&quot;https://shantonusarker.blogspot.com/p/jmeter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://shantonusarker.blogspot.com/p/jmeter.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5192" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T03:05:51.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27469" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26904" CreationDate="2017-05-26T05:30:43.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per you say that test case and test scenario are same as to each other. I have agreed with you, but we can also its differentiate like,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test case: Test case consist of a set of input values, execution precondition, expected results and executed post condition, developed to cover certain test condition. The test case is written by using the functional requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test scenario: Test scenario is covered that all possibility of all case, it's covered the business point of the view all cases covers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please read more in below link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.360logica.com/blog/test-case-vs-test-scenarios/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.360logica.com/blog/test-case-vs-test-scenarios/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T05:50:19.387" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T05:50:19.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26904" CreationDate="2017-05-26T07:25:51.660" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dictionary.com/browse/procedure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;procedure&lt;/a&gt; defines a process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;an established or official way of doing something&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A case is only a single item in a process and not a process on its own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a thin-line between test-procedure and or test-case. As both define steps how to execute testing work. I would argue that the procedure would be higher-level explaining why, what and how we are testing, more like a strategy, a way of working. While a test-case is a detailed isolated piece of functionality being tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe it is better to call the test-procedure a test-plan or test-strategy. This shows a clearer difference between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As with all terminology it depends. There is not a official defined definition. When in doubt ask in your company or team what they mean with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, most companies should use both. We have a high-level testing strategy describing how we build high-quality products. There is also a separate strategy for each of our four products. We also group tests in test-suites and execute test-cases manual and automated. Although most if not all our test-cases are automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T07:31:03.300" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T07:31:03.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27471" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-26T07:35:16.447" Score="0" ViewCount="707" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I execute multiple test class &lt;code&gt;'test1'&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;'test2'&lt;/code&gt; parallely? Which is using the same function in another class using TestNG.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I define the parallel option as 'classes' and thread-count as '2' in TestNG XML, the login page is loading two times, but 'sendelement' method is executing in single browser two times simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for eg; if my login is &lt;code&gt;'user1'&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sendelement&lt;/code&gt; function execute two times as &lt;code&gt;'user1user1'&lt;/code&gt; in the username field and shows invalid login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!--  &amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt; --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot; parallel=&quot;classes&quot; thread-count=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;NavigationTest&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;Test1&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;Test2&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test1 {&#xA;&#xA;    loginToUserPage(strUserName, strPassword);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public class Test2{&#xA;&#xA;    loginToUserPage(strUserName, strPassword);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test3&#xA;{&#xA;    public void loginToUserPage(String strUserName,String strPassword) &#xA;     {&#xA;        webdriverCommon.windowMaximise();&#xA;        webdriverCommon.sendElement(CommonRepo.userName_Edit, strUserName);&#xA;        webdriverCommon.sendElement(CommonRepo.password_Edit, strPassword);&#xA;        webdriverCommon.clickElement(CommonRepo.logginButton_buttton);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24564" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T13:32:57.860" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T13:32:57.860" Title="How do I execute multiple test class parallely. which using same function in another class using testng" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27472" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-26T08:37:33.643" Score="0" ViewCount="1443" Body="&lt;p&gt;My code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NewTest {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver; &#xA;&#xA;@BeforeSuite(alwaysRun=true)&#xA;public void intiate() {&#xA;          System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;          WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;          String Appurl= &quot;http://toolsqa.com/automation-practice-form/&quot;;&#xA;          driver. manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS );&#xA;          driver.navigate().to(Appurl);&#xA;&#xA;      } &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  @Test  (alwaysRun=true)&#xA;  public void Enterusernamedetails() {  &#xA;/*    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;      WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;      String Appurl= &quot;http://toolsqa.com/automation-practice-form/&quot;;&#xA;      driver. manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS );&#xA;      driver.navigate().to(Appurl);*/&#xA;&#xA;      WebElement UsrName = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;firstname&quot;));&#xA;      if(UsrName!=null)&#xA;      {&#xA;          UsrName.sendKeys(&quot;Hemamalini&quot;);&#xA;          System.out.println(&quot;First name has been entered&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;      else&#xA;      {&#xA;          System.out.println(&quot;First name element is not visible&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  WebElement lastName = driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;lastname&quot;));&#xA;  if(lastName!=null)&#xA;  {&#xA;      lastName.sendKeys(&quot;K&quot;);&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Last name has been entered&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;  else&#xA;  {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Last name element is not visible&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  WebElement radbtnSex = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;sex-0&quot;));&#xA;  if(radbtnSex!=null)&#xA;  {&#xA;      radbtnSex.click();&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Sex radio button has been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;  else&#xA;  {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Sex radio button element is not been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  WebElement radbtnExper = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;exp-2&quot;));&#xA;  if(radbtnExper!=null)&#xA;  {&#xA;      radbtnExper.click();&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Experience radio button has been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;  else&#xA;  {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Experience radio button element is not been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  WebElement txtDatePicker = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;datepicker&quot;));&#xA;  if(txtDatePicker!=null)   &#xA;  {&#xA;      txtDatePicker.sendKeys(&quot;10/11/2017&quot;);&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Date has been entered&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;  else&#xA;  {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Date element is not visible&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  WebElement chkbox = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;profession-1&quot;));&#xA;  if(chkbox!=null)&#xA;  {&#xA;      chkbox.click();&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Profession checkbox has been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;  else&#xA;  {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Profession checkbox element is not been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  WebElement chkboxtool = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;tool-2&quot;));&#xA;  if(chkboxtool!=null)&#xA;  {&#xA;      chkboxtool.click();&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Automation tool checkbox has been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;  else&#xA;  {&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Automation tool element is not been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  Select drpContinents = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;continents&quot;)));&#xA;  if(drpContinents!=null)&#xA;  {&#xA;      drpContinents.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Australia&quot;);&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;Automation tool checkbox has been clicked&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  Select drpCommands = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;selenium_commands&quot;)));&#xA;  if(drpCommands!=null)&#xA;  {&#xA;      drpCommands.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Switch Commands&quot;);&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;command has been clicked&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;      WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;submit&quot;));&#xA;      if(button!=null)&#xA;      {&#xA;          button.click();&#xA;          System.out.println(&quot;button has been clicked&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;      else&#xA;      {&#xA;          System.out.println(&quot;button element is not been clicked&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;      WebElement uploadfile = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;photo&quot;));&#xA;      if(uploadfile!=null)&#xA;      {&#xA;          uploadfile.sendKeys(&quot;C:\\Users\\391387.CTS\\Documents\\New folder\\Spritz_Selenium_Grid_Setup_v 2 0.docx&quot;);&#xA;          System.out.println(&quot;document has been uploaded&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;      else&#xA;      {&#xA;          System.out.println(&quot;button document has not been uploaded&quot;);&#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;      driver.quit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25874" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T08:39:03.150" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T11:00:41.513" Title="I am new to test ng and facing null pointer exception during execution of second annotation. First annotation is working fine" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27472" CreationDate="2017-05-26T09:20:53.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Problem is you have initiated &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver&lt;/code&gt; multiple times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static WebDriver driver;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite(alwaysRun=true)&lt;/code&gt; see &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In &lt;code&gt;@Test  (alwaysRun=true)&lt;/code&gt; see &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here you have initiate driver 3 times and As per &lt;code&gt;TestNG&lt;/code&gt;,  &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuites&lt;/code&gt; run first. Change your code as under :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static WebDriver driver = null;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;@BeforeSuite(alwaysRun=true)&lt;/code&gt; : Replace below code with &lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); // Old line&#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver(); // new line&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;code&gt;@Test  (alwaysRun=true)&lt;/code&gt; : Comment/remove below code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,  &quot;C:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;//driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you understand it is &lt;strong&gt;Basic Java Code error&lt;/strong&gt;. Let me know If you require more help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T11:00:41.513" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T11:00:41.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27475" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-26T09:40:11.627" Score="0" ViewCount="2608" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XMBJ4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XMBJ4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I resolve this issue? I post HTML code and exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24863" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T12:23:35.493" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T16:35:36.483" Title="Element is not clickable at this point while other elements would receive the click" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27458" CreationDate="2017-05-26T12:11:35.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finally I've found the cause of the disabling the button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After user finishes typing the username system check if such user exists. At that time progress bar is displayed.&#xA;After checking user is able to click Sign In.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So after filling username field I need to wait until progress bar is visible. Then I need to wait until progress bar is invisible and then fill password and press Sign In&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var wait = new WebDriverWait(WebDriverManager.Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;var locator = By.Id(&quot;redirect_dots_animation&quot;);&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(locator));&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.InvisibilityOfElementLocated(locator));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1873" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T12:11:35.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27478" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-26T12:22:06.127" Score="2" ViewCount="21698" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a input text box having id property and the HTML for it as shown below  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username:&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;1234&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Id property is dynamically changing. when the page loads next time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Username:&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;5678&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the value continuously changing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how to write the XPath for the above scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here we have only one ID property no other properties are available. I know we can use contains,starts-with or write absolute XPath helps in other cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me on this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25416" LastActivityDate="2020-05-28T21:45:52.397" Title="How to identify the web-element for a Text Box using Selenium for the dynamically changing ID" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27475" CreationDate="2017-05-26T14:11:07.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is telling you that another element is overlaying the one you want to click on. Check the screenshot, identify what is covering it. You may need to add some other interaction to uncover your element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T14:11:07.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25099" CreationDate="2017-05-26T14:14:16.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When the growth of your data leads to a situation where managing the data is becoming burdensome, one option that I would consider would be moving to a formal database for storage of that information.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You could have various tables to store the data.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You will need a UI to manage the data of course.  With mySQL that could simply be SQLworkbench (free).  Another option is to create a simple UI for that data, e.g. build a simple app using Ruby-on-Rails or Sinatra.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-26T22:49:24.763" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T22:49:24.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25099" CreationDate="2017-05-26T14:16:22.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One TestNG approach is to use Parameterized Tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_parameterized_test.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_parameterized_test.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Another interesting feature available in TestNG is parametric testing.&#xA;  In most cases, you'll come across a scenario where the business logic&#xA;  requires a hugely varying number of tests. Parameterized tests allow&#xA;  developers to run the same test over and over again using different&#xA;  values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T14:16:22.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25099" CreationDate="2017-05-26T14:21:21.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you find that most data tends to be key-value pairs, e.g. for this element use this value, for that element use that value, etc. you may want to store the data as key-value pairs in a file.  You can then access that file and if desired read the key-value pairs into dynamically created methods for a data provider object.  You can also use systems such as redis that are based on key-value pairs as this may address sharing the data without physically passing around a file (or access to it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T14:21:21.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27478" CreationDate="2017-05-26T16:00:04.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;How I handle dynamic IDs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inspect the element using Chrome's DevTools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit the element and remove the &lt;code&gt;id=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/code&gt; attribute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click the element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select &lt;code&gt;&quot;Copy&quot; &amp;gt; &quot;Copy selector&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (or you could do XPath if you really want)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You now have a selector that doesn't use the ID attribute, but most likely it's DOM position. Something like &lt;code&gt;&quot;body &amp;gt; div:nth-child(1) &amp;gt; input&quot;&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;&quot;#1234&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2020 UPDATE: I don't do this anymore and do what Bill said which is &lt;code&gt;//*[contains(text(),'Username')]/input&lt;/code&gt;. That translates to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt; anywhere in the DOM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;*&lt;/code&gt; any tagName&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;[contains(text(),'Username')]&lt;/code&gt; where the text value contains 'Username'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;/input&lt;/code&gt; the following &amp;lt;input&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2020-05-28T21:45:52.397" LastActivityDate="2020-05-28T21:45:52.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27475" CreationDate="2017-05-26T16:05:15.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get around this by clicking via JavaScript. Here is my code in C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(&quot;arguments[0].click()&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T16:05:15.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27475" CreationDate="2017-05-26T16:35:36.483" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using a &lt;code&gt;find&lt;/code&gt; on the element first.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You could also try adding an explicit wait for the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See if those help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T16:35:36.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27486" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25099" CreationDate="2017-05-26T18:58:38.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just like the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PageObject pattern&lt;/a&gt; where you store locators and actions in a class I like to use a class as a central test-data store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;data-structure&lt;/a&gt; classes you can create test-data classes. It should have some public variables or methods that return single data entries or arrays/lists you can use in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/testng/testng_parameterized_test.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parameterized tests&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would alway try to prevent to use Excel. As it is hard(er) to version with the code, because it is a binary file format. Also developers need to use an extra tool to update the tests for their code. Going back and forth between the test-data and the code, horrible, better if you can stay in your IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put the test-data next to your code, unless you have non technical people who need to update the test-data. In that case I would use something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fitnesse&lt;/a&gt; where you map (unit-)tests with data in a Wiki.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask yourself these questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can I version my data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do I need extra tools?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do I have on technical people who need to update test-data?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to keep it as simple as possible. Excel just adds complexity you do not need probably. Apply the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_aren%27t_gonna_need_it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt; principle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-26T18:58:38.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27487" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-26T23:09:52.687" Score="0" ViewCount="406" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often see these titles used interchangeably and am wondering what subtle or major differentiators there are between these roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25330" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T20:53:55.797" Title="What are the fundamental differences between a QA Analyst and a QA Tester role?" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-05-30T20:55:22.013" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27488" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27516" CreationDate="2017-05-27T02:16:43.747" Score="17" ViewCount="8596" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently stumbled upon &lt;a href=&quot;http://serenity-js.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Senenity/JS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; framework which advocates the &lt;a href=&quot;http://serenity-js.org/design/screenplay-pattern.html#the-screenplay-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Screen Play pattern&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, which was proposed as a better alternative to Page Objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the &lt;em&gt;key fundamental differences&lt;/em&gt; between Screen Play and Page Object patterns?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2019-02-11T20:44:33.360" Title="Screen Play vs Page Object pattern" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27489" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-27T04:52:44.993" Score="0" ViewCount="2913" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to open a site that contain authentication alert.&#xA;To handle that alert I tried following code but no success:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 100);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());&#xA;    Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;     alert.authenticateUsing((Credentials) new UsernamePasswordCredentials(&quot;username&quot;, &quot;pass&quot;));&#xA;} catch (Exception e) {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Alert not found&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exception occur is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Expected condition failed: waiting for alert to be present (tried for 100 second(s) with 500 MILLISECONDS interval)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xZn67.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xZn67.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24880" LastEditorUserId="24880" LastEditDate="2017-05-27T10:36:50.623" LastActivityDate="2018-02-22T18:29:24.467" Title="Exception: waiting for alert to be present" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26428" CreationDate="2017-05-27T06:55:40.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Browsers cannot open files directly, you always need to specify a protocol, eg http:// or file://. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;C:\\Users\\Pragati Chaturvedi\\Desktop\\Selenium Web Driver\\8850OS_Code\\Chapter 2\\HTML\\Selectable.html&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be replaced by something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;file:///C:\\Users\\Pragati Chaturvedi\\Desktop\\Selenium Web Driver\\8850OS_Code\\Chapter 2\\HTML\\Selectable.html&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more about the file URI scheme here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_URI_scheme&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_URI_scheme&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;file://localhost/c:/WINDOWS/clock.avi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;file:///c:/WINDOWS/clock.avi&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you try to open the file manually first in Firefox to see it works. You can also open the file with Firefox and then copy the URI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-05-27T06:55:40.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27489" CreationDate="2017-05-27T11:06:04.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I'm not mistaken, that's a basic authenticatin popup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easy way to bypass this in Selenium tests is to insert the username and password in the URL, like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@driver.get 'http://admin:admin@the-internet.herokuapp.com/basic_auth'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More info: &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/13-work-with-basic-auth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/13-work-with-basic-auth&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Let me know if this works for you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternative 1&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Using AutoIt, or Windows API which is same as alternative 3 but proper code. See the answers in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19357634/selenium-autoit-script-to-handle-windows-authentication-pop-up-on-chrome&quot;&gt;this StackOverflow topic&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternative 2&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;See Mike's answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9888323/how-to-override-basic-authentication-in-selenium2-with-java-using-chrome-driver&quot;&gt;in this StackOverflow topic&lt;/a&gt; on how to create a Chrome extension to bypass the popup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alternavite 3 (works but quick &amp;amp; dirty)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System.Windows.Forms&#xA;System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);&#xA;SendKeys.SendWait(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;SendKeys.SendWait(&quot;{TAB}&quot;);&#xA;SendKeys.SendWait(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;SendKeys.SendWait(&quot;{ENTER}&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T12:58:51.423" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T12:58:51.423" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27493" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27500" CreationDate="2017-05-28T11:10:54.967" Score="1" ViewCount="12088" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have record script in badboy and generate .jmx file.&#xA;In jmeter open that file and run then display error&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LA7JF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LA7JF.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T09:41:43.007" Title="Getting error 403 in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27494" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-28T13:06:46.680" Score="2" ViewCount="3890" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a number of automated tests to date, I am accessing a login page currently 22 times with an average load time of 7s 088ms, this results in 2m 35s 937ms on this step when the remainder of my suite takes around 7minutes total.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I go about minimising this time with selenium, is there anything I can do with my browser capabilities/options/cache etc.  I would ideally like this page loading a fair bit faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am finished automating a feature and I am refactoring everything to do with it in aid of performance, best practice and effeciency. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you, code wise I'm not sure if theres anything worth changing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void navigateToLogin() {&#xA;    String CustomerURL= TestRunner.config.get(&quot;customerIP&quot;);        &#xA;    driver.get(CustomerURL);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(LoginPage.loginButton()));       &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the loading of the actual page is just slow, so waiting for my element here won't help as it just waits for the page to be loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="18814" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T13:13:27.703" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T05:12:43.430" Title="Speeding up selenium page load times?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27493" CreationDate="2017-05-28T14:13:14.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;can you access the request in question manually via the browser? I would assume its server configuration to deny you/require authorisation to access what you desire.  This would suggest the request is received but you are not authorised to access it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T14:13:14.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27494" CreationDate="2017-05-28T14:34:02.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considering the short duration of your entire test suite, I would suggest this pattern:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a first test that simply logs in to your application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; quit the browser/driver after this test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every following test: do &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; create a new driver but reuse the one from your first test. Because you have the window still open you're already logged in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will reduce your total logins to one (assuming you only need one user).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, look into profiles, see the answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22685755/retaining-cache-in-firefox-and-chrome-browser-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T14:34:02.587" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27497" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-28T15:26:50.540" Score="0" ViewCount="1730" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi there I have the following code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.net.MalformedURLException;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidElement;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.remote.AutomationName;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.remote.MobileCapabilityType;&#xA;&#xA;public class Base {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities d = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;        d.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, &quot;iPHONE 6&quot;);&#xA;        d.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, &quot;IOS&quot;);&#xA;        //&#xA;        d.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION_NAME, AutomationName.IOS_XCUI_TEST);&#xA;        d.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, &quot;//users//xcodeclub//Desktop//UICatalog.app&quot;);&#xA;        IOSDriver&amp;lt;IOSEelement&amp;gt; driver = new IOSDriver&amp;lt;&amp;gt;(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;),d);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am getting the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.Error: Unresolved compilation problems: &#xA;    IOSEelement cannot be resolved to a type&#xA;    Cannot infer type arguments for IOSDriver&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&#xA;    '&amp;lt;&amp;gt;' operator is not allowed for source level below 1.7&#xA;&#xA;    at Base.main(Base.java:29)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried some marvens but is not working, someones know how to help me? I am new in the automation thing and I do not know how to fix this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25833" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-05-29T20:32:50.237" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:56:26.567" Title="Error while Invocating IOS Driver with Desired Capabilities: &quot;IOSEelement cannot be resolved to a type&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27499" CreationDate="2017-05-28T19:00:13.460" Score="5" ViewCount="376" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to draw an cause-effect-graph, I have read a lot about these graphs but still I am not able to draw one. I you could help me it would be perfect. Here is the description of program:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;function &lt;code&gt;foo()&lt;/code&gt; is checking the user inputted string and changing some chars,&#xA;1. if the char in string is &lt;code&gt;'&amp;amp;'&lt;/code&gt; function will replace it with &lt;code&gt;'&amp;amp;amp;'&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;2. if the char in string is &lt;code&gt;'&amp;lt;'&lt;/code&gt; function will replace it with &lt;code&gt;'&amp;amp;lt;'&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;3. if string does not contains any of these chars the string will be returned without changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I could not come with better solution as this:&#xA;Assumptions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;char is &lt;code&gt;'&amp;amp;'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;char is &lt;code&gt;'&amp;lt;'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no char in string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Effects:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;char changed to &lt;code&gt;'&amp;amp;amp;'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;char changed to &lt;code&gt;'&amp;amp;lt;'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;string unchanged &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explicit join:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;4 or 5&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bIdgu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bIdgu.png&quot; alt=&quot;cfg graph&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you guys confirm this solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25895" LastEditorUserId="25895" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T09:08:56.450" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T09:08:56.450" Title="cause effect graphing - creating simple graph" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27498" CreationDate="2017-05-28T19:22:09.927" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My solution below. I think it's best to have only one level of 'effects'. Also, the string not replacing anything is the result of a cause that didn't happen, so I rendered it as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional thought: the 'mutually exclusive' lines are usually applied to causes, not effects (because they are determined by the graph).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C1: string contains '&amp;amp;'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;C2: string contains '&amp;lt;'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;E1: string replacement for C1 occurs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;E2: string returned as is.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;E3: string replacement for C2 occurs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that E1 and E3 may happen together. E2 only happens if neither of C1 and C2 are true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/diT22.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/diT22.png&quot; alt=&quot;Graph&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example similar to the approach of my solution &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/cause-and-effect-graph-test-case-writing-technique/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;is found here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-05-28T19:32:31.400" LastActivityDate="2017-05-28T19:32:31.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27493" CreationDate="2017-05-29T07:16:47.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;HTTP Status Code 403 stands for &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/403&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forbidden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;HTTP 403 Forbidden&lt;/strong&gt; client error status response code indicates that the server understood the request but refuses to authorize it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This status is similar to 401, but in this case, re-authenticating will make no difference. The access is permanently forbidden and tied to the application logic (like an incorrect password).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most likely this is due to incorrect JMeter configuration and/or missing/incorrect &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-load-testing-scenarios-jmeter-part-1-correlations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correlation&lt;/a&gt;, I would suggest the next steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; added to your Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application is protected with external authentication system like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_access_authentication&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Basic HTTP Authentication&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NT_LAN_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NTLM&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerberos_(protocol)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kerberos&lt;/a&gt; you need to handle it properly using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Authorization_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Authorization Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your application is expecting some form of security token as request parameter or request header or cookie or whatever you will need to extract it from previous response using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;, convert it into a JMeter Variable and add it as a parameter to the next request.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above are general recommendations, we need to see your test plan snapshot and request/response details in order to be able to help you to get to the bottom of the problem&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T07:16:47.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27488" CreationDate="2017-05-29T13:56:13.443" Score="8" Body="&lt;h3&gt;The key difference is that the screenplay pattern &lt;em&gt;organizes&lt;/em&gt; the Page Objects&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Screen Play pattern tries to address the issues, challenges and solutions that you will eventually encounter and address when developing most UI acceptance test automation, including when you would introduce the Page Object pattern and then face challenges using it due to the simple need to organize and arrange code and data that tend to lead to requiring programming languages and frameworks.  I have seen it called &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;what would result from the merciless refactoring of Page Objects using SOLID design principles&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Screenplay Pattern is also known as the Journey Design Pattern and is the application of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID_(object-oriented_design)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOLID&lt;/a&gt; design principles to automated acceptance testing.  It uses an &lt;strong&gt;actor-centric model&lt;/strong&gt; with tests that focus on how a user interacts with the application to achieve a goal as opposed to how a 'page' is used in the Page Object model.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;In the Screenplay pattern, each &lt;em&gt;Actor&lt;/em&gt; has &lt;em&gt;Abilities&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Questions&lt;/em&gt; such as querying a restful web service. &lt;em&gt;Actors&lt;/em&gt; can also perform &lt;em&gt;Tasks&lt;/em&gt; such as adding an item to a list on a &lt;em&gt;Web Page&lt;/em&gt;. To achieve these &lt;em&gt;Tasks&lt;/em&gt;, they perform &lt;em&gt;Actions&lt;/em&gt; such as clicking or typing.  &lt;em&gt;Actors&lt;/em&gt; can also ask &lt;em&gt;Questions&lt;/em&gt; about the state of the application, such as the contents of a certain field on a page or by querying a web service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have personally seen the Page Object pattern be introduced, initially for less than 30 page locators.  Over time the (single file) grow to nearly 500 lines of identifiers and actions.  As they were 'all in one place' this meant that over time bad things happened.  Specifically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We had about 6 duplicates within the file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We had about 12 unused page objects for removed tests that left orphaned page objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We didn't immediately know if changing a Page Object would break other tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We didn't know if it was shared and used in tests other than the one you are working on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T14:20:30.387" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27488" CreationDate="2017-05-29T14:04:29.483" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt; up front: I do not agree with some of what is quoted below. I believe that a decent POM-framework can lead to VERY readable and maintainable tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://serenity-js.org/from-scripts-to-serenity/speaking-the-right-language.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this page&lt;/a&gt;, the intent becomes clear. Per the source:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Even though Page Objects reduce code duplication and encourage reuse&#xA;  across tests within a single project and a single test suite, the&#xA;  design falls short if we need to enable code reuse across multiple&#xA;  projects and teams. This of course affects the &lt;strong&gt;scalability&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SPP defines general Tasks, Abilities and Actions; because they are not linked to specific pages they can more readily be reused across projects. This can easily be done with POM also, if you provide the general actions (such as logging in) as a separate package that all projects can reuse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also, the fact that each page object is &lt;strong&gt;tightly coupled to Protractor&#xA;  APIs&lt;/strong&gt;: element and by - global functions that are browser&#xA;  instance-specific - makes it impossible to use this design &quot;as is&quot; for&#xA;  multi-browser testing (chat systems, workflow systems, multi-player&#xA;  games, etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actor.named('James').whoCan(BrowseTheWeb.using(protractor.browser));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By buffering the use of a WebDriver as an Ability (see the code), their framework is not strictly coupled to WebDriver technology only. Additional abilities may allow for wider testing variation (games, chat systems, ...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Not to mention that even after extracting a Page Object from the&#xA;  original test script, there's still plenty of &lt;strong&gt;low-level&#xA;  Protractor/WebDriver API calls left&lt;/strong&gt; in the Cucumber steps. They are&#xA;  important as they deal with managing the browser window and&#xA;  synchronising WebDriver Control Flow, with Cucumber callbacks, but&#xA;  which also cloud the business logic of the implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, SPP pattern supposedly provides a better decoupling of business logic and technical implementation. However, in my framework I have close to zero technical calls in my test methods. The framework hides all complexity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Page Objects also introduce a more subtle problem. As the name&#xA;  implies, Page Objects reason at the level of the user interface, in&#xA;  terms of fields, buttons and links that the user manipulates. This&#xA;  affects the way you think about the application too. Instead of&#xA;  placing the primary focus on &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; the user needs to do with the&#xA;  application, Page Objects lead you to focus on &lt;strong&gt;how&lt;/strong&gt; the user interacts&#xA;  with individual pages. As a result, the tests become tightly coupled&#xA;  to the structure of the user interface, making them more brittle and&#xA;  more likely to be affected by UI changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The author here suggests that using SPP will you think differently about tests than with POM, and that the previously mentioned generalized Tasks and Questions are more robust with a changing UI because they're not as strictly coupled with UI actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since a Page Object works with two distinct concepts, there are two&#xA;  reasons why it might need to be changed. The page structure may have&#xA;  changed, or a test might need to describe a new user interaction with&#xA;  that page. In both cases, deliberate or unintended changes to the page&#xA;  object carry a risk of having a negative impact on existing tests that&#xA;  use it. The more interactions and page elements a given page object&#xA;  describes, the higher the likelihood of the problem occurring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, the author suggests that, due to the different compositing in SPP, changes will have a reduced impact. However, changes in UI need to a changes Task/Question and this will also possibly impact every test it's being used by?!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-29T14:04:29.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27505" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-29T23:19:20.817" Score="1" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a bit of a mystery.   I'm running a remote desktop session using TeamViewer in an OSx system (which behaves like an ordinary console in every way that I can detect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the command line, I'm invoking a well tried Cucumber/Ruby script using chromedriver and the tests run as expected (a couple of failures) and a visible web driver isn't popped (which I dearly want for debug purposes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A cron like job is running periodically in the background, so collision with that (its doing similar testing) might be an issue.   How does chromedriver/WebDriver handle multiple attachments?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm flummoxed, as are the local gurus.   Any suggestions appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;configuration data follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def initiateChromeDriver&#xA;  if (! $chromedrv.nil?)&#xA;    $chromedrv.quit&#xA;end&#xA;lastuse = 1466504423.854197&#xA;link = &quot;https://&quot; + $server+ &quot;.obfuscated.com:443,*&quot;&#xA;prefs = {&#xA; :credentials_enable_autosignin =&amp;gt; false,&#xA; :profile =&amp;gt;{&#xA;   :content_settings =&amp;gt;{&#xA;     :exceptions =&amp;gt; {&#xA;      :media_stream_camera =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        :&quot;#{link}&quot; =&amp;gt; {&#xA;          :last_used =&amp;gt; lastuse ,&#xA;          :setting =&amp;gt; 1&#xA;        }&#xA;      } ,&#xA;        :media_stream_mic =&amp;gt; {&#xA;          :&quot;#{link}&quot; =&amp;gt; {&#xA;            :last_used =&amp;gt; lastuse ,&#xA;            :setting =&amp;gt; 1&#xA;          }&#xA;        }&#xA;      }&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;caps =  Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome(:chromeOptions =&amp;gt; {:prefs =&amp;gt; prefs})&#xA;#$chromedrv = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome , :switches =&amp;gt; [&quot;--user-data-dir=/home/hannahmontana/chromsettings&quot;]&#xA;$chromedrv = Selenium::WebDriver.for :remote, :url =&amp;gt; &quot;http://localhost:&quot; + $chromeDriverPort+ &quot;/&quot; , :desired_capabilities=&amp;gt;caps&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25910" LastEditorUserId="25910" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T15:00:59.827" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T15:00:59.827" Title="Cucumber/Selenium WebDriver Ruby not popping a browser during remote session (TeamViewer)" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2017-05-29T23:57:14.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the business time-frame and mind-set for ROI ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Startup business.  User growth is everything.  Limited device and browser testing is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Growth Company.  User acquisition is everything.  Important to test and support many devices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Revenue based, cost cutting company.  Reduction in cost of manual testing when replaced by automated testing is attractive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;revenue / profit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cost of automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;devices supported&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;product complexity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cost of manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;number of cases to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;history of failure ('fragility')&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;development style, e.g. Agile, TDD, BDD, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cost of automation slowing down short-term development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cost of failure, e.g. nuclear power plant vs code linting tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;importance, e.g. national health care system vs local chess club&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ability to fix later, e.g. voyager space probe vs local computer script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bullet lists that get longer with each bullet point until the last is really long&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given how many factors there are, ROI will end up being part, but not all, of the final calculation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T00:21:19.780" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T00:21:19.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27524" CreationDate="2017-05-30T02:42:11.650" Score="11" ViewCount="1446" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I understand, &quot;Exploratory Testing&quot; is about &lt;em&gt;free-style testing&lt;/em&gt; that largely depends on creativity of the testers and how well they know the product or feature under test. It is something that, usually in practice, &quot;delivers&quot; a higher defect detection ratio than scripted/pre-written scenarios based testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What are the general recommended strategies and techniques for Exploratory Testing?&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To put some context here: I've heard about one method which, I think, was called &quot;pair testing&quot; - it involves one person thinking/inventing a use case and the other actually going through it; or just simply inter-exchanging ideas during the pair testing. What worked for you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T13:42:40.450" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T13:42:40.450" Title="Strategies and Techniques for Exploratory Testing and finding new bugs?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27507" CreationDate="2017-05-30T06:01:46.933" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gather an audience from a wide background and expertise&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different people with different background offer different ways of thinking. It is surprising how a person sitting next to you offers a new way of thinking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brain-storming session with this gathered crowd&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When people are working together, they stimulate each other into getting better ideas faster.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Brainstormed ideas can then be used as exploratory testing methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is also beneficial to develop a culture of brain-storming exploratory testing ideas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During brain storming sessions, I prefer having everyone writing down their testing ideas first on a piece of paper without showing to anyone. This way, people are less likely to be influenced by others' logic, and hence a wider spread of ideas. Of course, testing ideas are shared among everyone after everyone has exhausted their creativity for a given brainstorming session.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some tools can be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mind map can be very helpful to visualize relationship among test ideas. You may visually discover new test ideas and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No test plan is needed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In general, exploratory testing does not require a pre-written test plan; some people will argue a test plan is always helpful for bookkeeping purpose. In my personal experience, I prefer no written test plan before exploratory testing is completed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pair testing or even group testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When working in groups, people motivate each other and can manage time more efficiently in general. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T06:01:46.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27509" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-30T07:14:59.250" Score="0" ViewCount="2670" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to scroll in an Android App but I'm getting an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code :  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dictionary&amp;lt;string, string&amp;gt; scrollObject = new Dictionary&amp;lt;string, string&amp;gt;();&#xA;scrollObject.Add(&quot;direction&quot;, &quot;down&quot;);&#xA;((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript(&quot;mobile: scroll&quot;, scrollObject);&#xA;&#xA;Error: System.NotImplementedException: Method has not yet been implemented&#xA; at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.UnpackAndThrowOnError(Response errorResponse)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.Execute(String driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Appium.AppiumDriver`1.Execute(String driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.ExecuteScriptCommand(String script, String commandName, Object[] args)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.ExecuteScript(String script, Object[] args)&#xA;   at AppiumTesting2.Program.Main(String[] args)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21481" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T07:45:15.343" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T16:21:56.300" Title="How to scroll in an Android app with Appium 1.6.4 in C# with windows?" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27507" CreationDate="2017-05-30T11:21:35.510" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;free-style testing that largely depends on the creativity of the testers and how well they know the product or feature under test.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would switch 'creativity' (which I also see at &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;) with 'experience and training'.  How well they know the product is definitely helpful.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I break down exploratory testing like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The different paths:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Happy - user enters everything correctly and clicks correct buttons and links&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sad - user enters invalid data or fails to enter data - error reporting to the end user should be done correctly - correct markup, not relying on the color red, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Optional - many sites have 'optional' functionality.  For example additional orders, 2nd shipping address, different payment methods, etc.  Optional workflows will also have happy and sad flows within them&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the above is for workflows.  Now to examine individual elements (fields, buttons, text, etc):&#xA;You want to test for the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;required data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;invalid data type (string for date, integer used for date, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;invalid data formats being used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;data validations, e.g. 'added date' must be in the past, 'dob' must be &gt; 1900, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;boundary testing (1 under limit, at limit, 1 over limit, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;valid relationships between data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel that the main part of 'free-style' for exploratory testing is spotting new or changed functionality not previously - or recently - tested.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Part of an approach can include 'I only check x every 5 runs, I only check y once a week, I only check z once a month' and I myself have used this approach.  It allows a tester to cover a lot more with their testing and helps with the human balance between monotony, boredom and rote and the need to be comprehensive in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One element that might relate to creativity is tester experience and attitude.  For example, I know one exploratory tester whose goal tends to be to give a thumbs-up for release.  Another tester I know often sees their mission as 'there is always something I can break, I just have to to try hard enough' and they nearly always manage to find some sort of bug - though often minor and not necessarily related to recent change.  They have even said that release testing is often a good excuse to check the overall health and functionality of the product.  A big part of exploratory testing is also that you learn more each time you do a session and that knowledge gets used by your brain in future sessions without updating any scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the more broader goal of 'find more bugs' I would also recommend learning more about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The industry you are in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Characteristics of the users of the product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The product and how it is used as part of other processes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The business aims and goals of your company&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;'new user' testing services such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usertesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usertesting&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usabilitysciences.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usabilitysciences&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T12:34:49.180" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T12:34:49.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27487" CreationDate="2017-05-30T11:30:31.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it all boils down to the word 'Tester' not being as catchy as it used to be. You'll find different terms searching for the same professional: Analyst, Engineer (though this one might infer some automation skills), Specialist, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The role of either one of them is more or less the same depending on the company that is looking to hire. What you should keep in mind is the Job Description details: a title is meaningless without context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T20:53:55.797" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T20:53:55.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-30T12:06:03.917" Score="2" ViewCount="4319" Body="&lt;p&gt;In JMeter, I have recorded a script in HTTP test script recorder and generated a test script. I'm passing 10 users into the thread group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the view result tree, I get the result for the 10 users, but I want to check the response time for each user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GD3Me.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GD3Me.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I identify the individual user response times? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T21:08:48.040" LastActivityDate="2018-02-20T07:11:30.390" Title="How to apply filter in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2017-05-30T12:06:06.573" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answer is that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;automated tests don't find new bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should really be stated as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pre-existing automated tests don't find bugs in newly developed features&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see it doesn't roll off the tongue quite so easily.  In fact, even worse it should probably be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;pre-existing automated tests don't find new bugs in newly developed features and also may not find new bugs in modified features&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ugh !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T12:06:06.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27513" CreationDate="2017-05-30T13:04:14.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do this as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__threadNum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__threadNum() function&lt;/a&gt; as a prefix (or postfix) for all &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#samplers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request samplers&lt;/a&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;HTTP Request User: ${__threadNum}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way JMeter will append current virtual user number to sampler name (label) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YmgFy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YmgFy.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Append User ID to sampler&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once done you will be able to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/FilterResultsTool/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Filter Results Tool&lt;/a&gt; to filter the results to only that user you are particularly interested in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Filter results tool can be installed using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lcRT9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lcRT9.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Plugins Manager Filter Results Tool&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T13:04:14.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27516" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27488" CreationDate="2017-05-30T13:45:59.123" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the UK Selenium Conference, there was a presentation on the Screen Play pattern, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f8tdZBvAbI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Screenplay Pattern - a SOLID alternative to Page Objects | Antony Marcano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a huge technology ecosystem (60+ apps) and base everything on the Page Object model.  We tried the Screen Play pattern and learned many things about it and where it is more and less effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, this is just one more tool to apply where needed.  The Page Object Model works because it is quite flexible and if used on a large SUT it works best.  Using the Screen Play pattern sparingly applied to a stable or smaller system where well-defined Requirements and Use Case exist it works best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is not which pattern is better?  Page Object Model or Screen Play Model are both tools. The questions are as follows:   Which is better for testing your product?  Do you have a development environment that supports Screen Play pattern needs as inputs? (i.e.  Clear requirements, use cases, etc.)  Are you implementing automation from scratch? Or are you playing catch up and/or migrating?  None of these questions will itself eliminates one pattern or the other; we are not looking at an OR statement here, it is an AND statement with weights and balances.  You want to make an informed decision and have a 6-month goal/plan in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our projects, we applied the Screen Play to a complex and then a simple project.  Start simple; there is a lot to learn, follow SOLID principles, practice your discipline to keep the structure pure and refactor often. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The references provided above are a good starting place too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25638" LastEditorUserId="25638" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T14:04:22.767" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T14:04:22.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27517" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-30T15:25:11.327" Score="0" ViewCount="3568" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement table = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;mozaique&quot;));&#xA;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; list = table.FindElements(By.ClassName(&quot;thumb-block &quot;));&#xA;&#xA;foreach (var item in list)&#xA;{&#xA;    item.Click();&#xA;    driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;span.icon.download&quot;)).Click();&#xA;    waitforDWNlink();&#xA;    driver.Navigate().Back();&#xA;    driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(URL);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first time when I'm going through the &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; loop it works fine. Inside the &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; loop I navigate to another page. After that, when iterating again in the &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; loop, it gives me an exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I doing wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; After seeing one of the answers I tried this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement table = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;mozaique&quot;));&#xA;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; list = table.FindElements(By.ClassName(&quot;thumb-block &quot;));&#xA;&#xA;List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; NewList= new List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt;();&#xA;            foreach (var item in list)&#xA;            {&#xA;                NewList.Add(item.GetAttribute(&quot;href&quot;));&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was trying to store the &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; on a new list item.But after running the code ,the new list item was blank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T18:37:47.967" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T18:37:47.967" Title="Exception while in a for-each loop in C# Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27507" CreationDate="2017-05-30T15:32:41.493" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because developers usually just test &quot;happy path&quot;, any detour from it may uncover lurking problems. Omit some input fields. Enter fields in different order. Go back and forth between pages. Change page size. Enter invalid input. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Happy path should be automated (including check for standard errors), but humans are very inventive in a way how to break the system if they stray from happy path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With experience, you will find ways which broke some pages - chances are, other pages cannot handle such breakage too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at OP profile, and answers in SO like &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30600738/difference-running-protractor-with-without-selenium&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30600738/difference-running-protractor-with-without-selenium&lt;/a&gt; : OP is quite experienced tester, so basic answer like this one is likely not be of much value for OP - but maybe it will benefit others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T16:39:59.013" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T16:39:59.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27517" CreationDate="2017-05-30T15:49:35.217" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are likely getting a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/exceptions/stale_element_reference.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;StaleElementException&lt;/a&gt;. When you first get the list of elements to click, they are attached to the current DOM. After navigating away (the first time) the elements are no longer attached to the DOM (even if you navigate back). One way of getting around this is to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get all the HREFs of the elements and store that into a list&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visit each HREF and do your actions/verifications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T15:49:35.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27324" CreationDate="2017-05-30T16:08:31.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have figured out why I was not able to run the recorded script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By default, the ramp up period is zero. When I set some value in the file, save it, and run it in Non GUI mode, it works. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I still haven't figured out the CSV issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25695" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-05-30T16:46:53.347" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T16:46:53.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27497" CreationDate="2017-05-30T19:08:25.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make sure you cast the driver correctly and import all necessary libraries. Here is the example on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/sample-code/blob/master/sample-code/examples/java/junit/src/test/java/com/saucelabs/appium/UICatalogTest.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Appium's GitHub&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSElement;&#xA;...&#xA;AppiumDriver&amp;lt;IOSElement&amp;gt; driver;&#xA;...&#xA;driver = new IOSDriver&amp;lt;&amp;gt;(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T01:56:26.567" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T01:56:26.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27507" CreationDate="2017-05-30T19:31:02.670" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pre-written test cases are usually going to be written against a spec and cover the anticipated scenarios. Usually these things are going to work because the developer has checked for basic functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason exploratory testing finds more bugs is because subtle interactions between features or false assumptions that the code makes in unusual situations are hard to account for completely. For instance if cancel out of a user flow, maybe the application assumed some data that did not end up getting entered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also have user scenarios that were not anticipated at all, like if the application allows me to enter an unlimited amount of input that ends of causing a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice exploratory testing feels kind of random, but I think I am actually trying to find something the application allows, but that was unanticipated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T19:31:02.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1415" CreationDate="2017-05-30T20:53:28.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not believe there are well defined best practices for this space. Your concerns about emails are probably valid but if your team can try to maintain as close to a 100% pass rate then any dip should be noticed, it's only when there are constantly failing tests that no one is fixing that everything starts to be ignored. I think just like many development practices no matter how you report results this needs a single owner at the top, if you have a daily stand up then if there are any failing tests the lead should assign each of the fails to someone to fix, the next day ensure that they were fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To help fix issues quickly appropriate logs, artifacts, etc. should be logged and easily available. In truth reporting is treated like an afterthought everywhere I've worked but it is a mistake. After all the time spent writing automated tests or performing manual tests the reporting is the only way other developers and managers actually see the return on the whole thing. Even if that means all of your tests are passing all the time that tells you something, that no one is breaking anything, and if the tests are all passing but things are actually breaking then that tells you the testing is not adequate. Yes the results may be 'boring' as you say if they rarely fail but they can also be useful for understanding the test coverage you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If no matter what you do everyone at the company ignores the test results, especially leaders, you have a cultural problem, that's far harder to solve than anything else, people want automation and more software but often don't want to invest in what 'watches the automation'. This needs to be solved because otherwise a lack of robustness will eventually come to ahead and then it's the poor people at the front line under stress (developers and testers) when really it was the leadership not paying attention and failing to ask, what's our health like? How are we testing? Results reporting makes that clear so you are right to think about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am affiliated with an automated test results reporting provider called &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tesults.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tesults&lt;/a&gt; so beware of my bias but if you don't have anything set up to report results currently and want to focus on actually writing tests instead of writing reporting infrastructure it may interest you. You run your tests however you want with whatever framework and at the end of the test run have a script to upload your results, it stores all test results history, files, emails results out if you want it, and allows you to triage failing tests to team members. It is a commercial cloud based solution but I know they are currently exploring how to best provide service to open source projects with public views so if you are working on something like that the home page currently says to reach out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21887" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T20:53:28.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27507" CreationDate="2017-05-30T21:08:40.757" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What are the general recommended strategies and techniques for Exploratory Testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recommended Strategies with ET&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ckenst/testing-guides/blob/master/writing_exploratory_charters.md&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Charters&lt;/a&gt; to guide your work. Even if you don't timebox your exploration, charters will give you just enough specifics to be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will take time to develop your ability to write good charters. Start with crappy ones and then work on improving them over time. As you get more comfortable, the easier this becomes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Take basic notes that will help you summarize and learn from your charters. Whether these are mindmaps, or simple notes, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Time box your charters into sessions. This is the basis for Session Based Test Management (SBTM). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Continue to practice, try new things and incorporate feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Techniques with ET:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use any test techniques you'd like in an exploratory way: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional, Domain (boundary + equivalence analysis), Scenario, Usability, Performance, etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can even use &lt;a href=&quot;http://kaner.com/pdfs/ImmuneITtestTalk.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;automation in an exploratory way&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other ET / blended approaches&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mentioned pair testing which you can definitely do in an exploratory way. I'd recommend using charters and then switch off between the pair for who does the driving (hands on work).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1455" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T21:08:40.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2017-05-30T21:49:52.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Common wisdom or common sense might be faulty, like this one. Is rule valuable if it works 80% of the time? Yes it is (in 80% of the situations :-) ), if you are aware that it is not 100% true. It allows you to focus your attention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests find bugs all the time (it just did it for me last week). If they did not, nobody would be using them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But as Michael Durrant &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/27514/&quot;&gt;answer&lt;/a&gt; explains, it is bit more complicated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated &quot;test&quot; are wrong name: they are automated &quot;checks&quot;, where script is performing known actions and checking for known resulting conditions. Such checks can check only condition which programmer anticipated - anything not anticipated will be ignored. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So i.e. if code is checking for presence of 2 known error messages, it will ignore the third, the new one. If test is checking for presence of text span with CSS class &lt;code&gt;error-message&lt;/code&gt;, new error will be detected (if it uses correct CSS class).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good automated test can check (some) new kinds on new errors, detect new bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-05-30T21:49:52.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27527" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-31T05:14:19.113" Score="0" ViewCount="1866" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me fixing &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;. Let me explain what I am trying to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to login into an application with multiple sets of data. Lets say, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Valid username and password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Valid username and invalid password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now what's happening is, I am trying to find element is present or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my first case, element is present as user successfully loggedIn. But in my second case, user is not logged in and i am trying to find element present inside application after login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one tell me how to find a solution for such situation ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wd.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(UserName);&#xA;wd.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(Password);&#xA;webElement.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);&#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;  Boolean ispresent =   wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='service_panel']&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;  if(ispresent)&#xA;  {&#xA;   //doing something.&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;catch(Exception e)&#xA;{&#xA;  e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1782" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T11:38:59.363" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T11:38:59.363" Title="NoSuchElementException Unable to find element" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27442" CreationDate="2017-05-31T05:28:51.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For below details how is it possible to set values for Response assertion? only image URL path saved in DB and need to match with full image URL in XML?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7U3OT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7U3OT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test failed for these configuration&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assertion failure message: Test failed: variable IMAGEURL expected to equal /&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;****** received  : [[[&lt;a href=&quot;http://tcc.cad/abc/klj.jpg]]]/abc/klj.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://tcc.cad/abc/klj.jpg]]]/abc/klj.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;****** comparison: [[[                                               ]]]/abc/klj.jpg&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D2G82.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D2G82.png&quot; alt=&quot;Test failed for these configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T05:34:24.973" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T05:34:24.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27529" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27579" CreationDate="2017-05-31T05:33:42.113" Score="1" ViewCount="2861" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I need to click hover element in &lt;strong&gt;Selenium Python&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to use &lt;code&gt;action&lt;/code&gt; chains and then move to element but it didn't work for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Selenium code Snippet:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element1= self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;#layout-center .ui-tabs-nav.ui-helper-reset.ui-helper-clearfix.ui-widget-header.ui-corner-all.ui-sortable&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;element2=self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;#layout-center button.add-widget&quot;)&#xA;ac(driver).move_to_element(element1).click(element2).perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the picture you can see how it looks in html code.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/82xAc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/82xAc.png&quot; alt=&quot;Button to click&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19543" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T14:25:03.580" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T18:43:46.703" Title="Selenium Python Action Move to doesn't work on hover element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27527" CreationDate="2017-05-31T05:36:31.343" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution : Write one method for element present or not and call it.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;1]&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static boolean checkElementPresent(WebElement webe)&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        if(webe.isDisplayed())&#xA;        {&#xA;           //doing something.&#xA;        }&#xA;        return true;&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Just call below line in your code :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Boolean ispresent = checkElementPresent(wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='service_panel']&quot;)));&#xA;if(ispresent)&#xA;{&#xA;        //doing something.&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;        // Do something&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Another Solution is :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try&#xA;{&#xA;      Boolean ispresent = &#xA;      wd.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='service_panel']&quot;)).isDisplayed();&#xA;      if(ispresent)&#xA;      {&#xA;        //doing something.&#xA;       }&#xA;       else&#xA;       {&#xA;        // Do something&#xA;       }&#xA;}&#xA;catch(Exception e)&#xA;{&#xA;   // Do something&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Reason : isDisplayed() method throws exception if element is not present in HTML DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T05:36:31.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27527" CreationDate="2017-05-31T05:55:42.567" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(!driver.findElements(By.id(&quot;&amp;lt;id-of-the-element&amp;gt;&quot;)).size&amp;gt;0){&#xA; //then do your normal operation&#xA;}&#xA;else{&#xA;//do something else&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24877" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T05:55:42.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24692" CreationDate="2017-05-31T05:58:38.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simply use the Select class of Selenium Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select select = new Select(driver);&#xA;select.selectByIndex(&amp;lt;index-of-element&amp;gt;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24877" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T05:58:38.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27534" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-31T07:07:16.197" Score="2" ViewCount="3672" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to load test MongoDb using JMeter, but apparently MongoDB Source Config and MongoDB Script have been deprecated. Please let me know how to load test MongoDB with detailed step by step instructions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T14:28:24.130" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T19:14:58.770" Title="How to load test MongoDB using JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27535" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27472" CreationDate="2017-05-31T07:49:47.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our project we are using separate class to choose driver for&#xA; our test, you can try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class SetupBrowser {&#xA;&#xA;public static WebDriver SetupDriver(String browser) {&#xA;    WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;    if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;FF&quot;)) {&#xA;&#xA;            System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\geckodriver-v0.16.1-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;            DesiredCapabilities capabilitiesFF = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;            capabilitiesFF.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.MARIONETTE, true);&#xA;            //capabilitiesFF.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.PROFILE, true);&#xA;            driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilitiesFF);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    else if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;IE&quot;)) {&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\IEDriverServer.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        // Setting IE to clean session&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_ENSURE_CLEAN_SESSION, true);&#xA;&#xA;        driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;    else {&#xA;           driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;           //////////&#xA;               }&#xA;    return driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We read type of browser from properties file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call/Write code whenever you require to open browser :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;SetupBrowser.SetupDriver(&quot;FF&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19543" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T09:19:21.200" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T09:19:21.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27537" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27541" CreationDate="2017-05-31T08:48:06.627" Score="0" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to add date value into text field for date picker, but I can't find text field element because value for ID (date_f2672867e99141c491f00f20ee45f6d8_I) is still different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a code for text field:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;dxic&quot; onmousedown=&quot;return aspxDDMC_MD('date_f2672867e99141c491f00f20ee45f6d8', event)&quot; style=&quot;width:100%;&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;input id=&quot;date_f2672867e99141c491f00f20ee45f6d8_I&quot; class=&quot;dxeEditArea_MetalogixMetropolisBlue dxeEditAreaSys&quot; name=&quot;date_f2672867e99141c491f00f20ee45f6d8&quot; onfocus=&quot;aspxEGotFocus('date_f2672867e99141c491f00f20ee45f6d8')&quot; onblur=&quot;aspxELostFocus('date_f2672867e99141c491f00f20ee45f6d8')&quot; onchange=&quot;aspxETextChanged('date_f2672867e99141c491f00f20ee45f6d8')&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;/&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And class=&quot;dxic&quot; is on the web page more times. I can't use class name to find element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to add into text field value e.g.: 5/31/2017&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone provide an example how to add value into this text field ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastEditorUserId="22940" LastEditDate="2017-05-31T09:36:21.277" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T11:57:39.400" Title="Add date into text field for date picker" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12373" CreationDate="2017-05-31T09:35:08.377" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use &lt;code&gt;aapt&lt;/code&gt; (Android application packaging tool) to find out the name of the package and the launchable activity.Just follow these steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to your command prompt, assuming you are on *NIX based systems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then type &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;aapt dump badging &amp;lt;path-to-apk&amp;gt; | grep package:\ name &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you the app-package.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;aapt dump badging &amp;lt;path-to-apk&amp;gt; | grep launchable-activity:\ name&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you the lauchable activity of the app.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24877" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T09:35:08.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27478" CreationDate="2017-05-31T10:08:24.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[text()='Username']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19543" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T04:35:16.903" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T04:35:16.903" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27537" CreationDate="2017-05-31T11:57:39.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't give exact code, but I can give you some suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is the only input on the form with a name and id that starts with the text 'date_' you can use Linq syntax to find the field you want (this is psuedo-code - I don't have time to look up the exact references):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.TagName(&quot;input&quot;)).Where(el -&amp;gt; el.getAttribute(&quot;name&quot;).contains(&quot;date_&quot;)).Single();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or broken out a bit more:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elements = driver.findElements(By.TagName(&quot;input&quot;)); // collection of all input elements on the page&#xA;dateInput = elements.Where(el -&amp;gt; el.getAttribute(&quot;name&quot;).contains(&quot;date_&quot;)).Single();&#xA;// Linq syntax - el -&amp;gt; el.GetAttribute() is pulling information from the attributes of each element in the list. The name attribute is probably the easiest one to look at.&#xA;// Each name attribute value is a string, so the String.contains() method can be used on it.&#xA;// Finally, if there's just one input element on the page that has a name starting with &quot;date_&quot;, .Single() returns that one element from the collection.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've got the element, you can set the value to whatever you wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T11:57:39.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27543" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27548" CreationDate="2017-05-31T13:31:43.537" Score="1" ViewCount="319" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am attempting to write a function in TestComplete using Python, to access a specific button. The webpage has three buttons, and if I use TestComplete's 'Record Script' function, it returns &lt;code&gt;Aliases.browser.xyz.formJsMainform.panelContent.buttonContinue.ClickButton()&lt;/code&gt; for each of the buttons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These buttons do have their own specific text ('Submit', 'Print', and 'Download'). I've looked at the documentation and I'm aware you can search by XPath, however I've not been successful when I've tried. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would anyone be able to write/show me a basic method of accessing a button using TestComplete's built-in functions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an example buttons properties in the Object Browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FTAfI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FTAfI.png&quot; alt=&quot;Example of buttons properties in Object Browser&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastEditorUserId="23435" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T10:52:35.173" LastActivityDate="2019-04-29T07:01:06.747" Title="How do I search for a button by its text using TestComplete?" Tags="&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13393" CreationDate="2017-05-31T13:39:46.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For future testers who stumble across this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes - you are able to use the Page Object Model design pattern with TestComplete. The way I went about doing this was by almost entirely using TestCompletes Scripts. I set up one folder for Page Objects and general/navigation functions, while another folder contained the Tests themselves. I was able to quickly build the Page Objects by taking advantage of TestCompletes record script functionality to access the pages elements and then wrapped these in their own functions (after tidying up the automatically generated code, of course).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This scaled quite well for a medium sized multi-page web application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T13:39:46.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27509" CreationDate="2017-05-31T14:59:36.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Swipe, ScrollTo, and ScrollToExact methods have been deprecated. The 2.0.0.1 release notes suggests using &lt;code&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.Appium.ByAndroidUIAutomator&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;OpenQA.Selenium.Appium.ByIosUIAutomation&lt;/code&gt;. Here is their &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium-dotnet-driver/blob/master/integration_tests/Android/AndroidElementTest.cs#L88&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;public void ScrollingToSubElement()&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.FindElementByAccessibilityId(&quot;Views&quot;).Click();&#xA;    AndroidElement list = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;android:id/list&quot;));&#xA;    var locator = new ByAndroidUIAutomator(&quot;new UiScrollable(new UiSelector()).scrollIntoView(&quot;&#xA;                    + &quot;new UiSelector().text(\&quot;Radio Group\&quot;));&quot;);&#xA;    AppiumWebElement radioGroup = list.FindElement(locator);&#xA;    Assert.NotNull(radioGroup.Location);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative, a different approach (which is similar to the one you were trying) is presented on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/35251731/1106708&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElementByXpath(&quot;xpath_of_element&quot;);&#xA;((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T14:59:36.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27543" CreationDate="2017-05-31T18:48:00.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you're starting with the object &lt;code&gt;browser&lt;/code&gt;, and your button has a named property such as caption (the TestComplete Object Explorer will give you this information), I'd use the &lt;code&gt;Find()&lt;/code&gt; function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button = browser.Find(&quot;Caption&quot;, &quot;Submit&quot;, 1000)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.smartbear.com/testcomplete/docs/reference/test-objects/members/common-for-all/find-method.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Find&lt;/a&gt; works with any object TestComplete can detect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: given the information from the properties window, I'd start with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button = browser.Find(&quot;contentText&quot;, &quot;Submit&quot;, 1000)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;button = browser.Find(&quot;ObjectLabel&quot;, &quot;Submit&quot;, 1000)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note: 1000 is the depth to search: it's unlikely the button is buried that deep in the object hierarchy, based on the default name mapping, which TestComplete tends to make almost the same as the actual object tree)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T11:29:55.820" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T11:29:55.820" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27086" CreationDate="2017-05-31T19:41:57.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you have missed some crucial options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please consider the code taken from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37154746/how-to-avoid-window-download-popup-in-firefox-use-java-selenium-i-need-download&quot;&gt;this answer&lt;/a&gt;. Of course your MIME type will be different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.dir&quot;, &quot;C:\\Temp&quot;);  // folder&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;, &quot;video/mp4&quot;);  // MIME type&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;pdfjs.disabled&quot;, true);  // disable the built-in viewer&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.folderList&quot;, 2);&#xA;profile.setPreference(&quot;browser.download.panel.shown&quot;, false);&#xA;&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.PROFILE, profile);&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ELEMENT_SCROLL_BEHAVIOR, 1);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-05-31T19:41:57.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27550" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-05-31T22:51:59.007" Score="1" ViewCount="2136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a a set of end to end tests that run on our app, and need to run against development, staging and production environments.  The staging env is what is causing the issue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The staging server has basic auth, and links to images on a different server, also with basic auth.  To elaborate: if you load the site (staging.oursite.com/page) there will be a basic auth prompt before anything loads, then after you enter creds and the page starts loading, another basic auth prompt when loading images from the image server.  I can bypass the first basic auth prompt by navigating to user:pass@subdomain.oursite.com/page but it still pops the second basic auth prompt from the image server.  This of course blocks the tests from proceeding.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a good way around this?  (besides somehow magically convincing my devs that it's both unnecessary and blocking me).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our stack: &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;webdriver.io&lt;/a&gt; (node.js + gulp + mocha) &amp;amp; in-house selenium grid server + chrome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23807" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T22:00:57.460" Title="Selenium bypass basic authentication on images" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27561" CreationDate="2017-06-01T03:58:11.503" Score="21" ViewCount="6741" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my team members, when deployed at a customer's site, executed a password attack against the customer's database. As a result, this customer's database was locked down for 30 minutes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now senior management has to make an official apology to our customer. How do I prevent this kind of behavior from happening again?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T14:28:31.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T14:28:31.510" Title="One of my team members executed security test without any consent" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27551" CreationDate="2017-06-01T04:07:50.993" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Security tests should be only executed with a written customer's consent.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your team member's intention might not have been malicious but due to its highly sensitive nature of software security, all security related testings must be executed after acquiring a customer's written consent. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In some countries, owning security testing tools is not legal. The only exception is when these security testing tools are used with consent, otherwise legal actions may follow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should talk to your senior management about educating all employees about getting written consent from the customer before executing any kind of security test. This should be mentioned when an employment contract is signed and should also be sent to all employees as a reminder on regular intervals. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="23435" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T11:37:36.087" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T11:37:36.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27534" CreationDate="2017-06-01T06:29:53.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just add the next line to &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file (lives in the &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;not_in_menu=&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you will get &quot;deprecated&quot; elements including &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#MongoDB_Source_Config_(DEPRECATED)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MongoDB Source Config&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#MongoDB_Script_(DEPRECATED)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MongoDB Script&lt;/a&gt; back. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that it is better to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Sampler&lt;/a&gt; for MongoDB load testing as MongoDB Script has some performance problems. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-mongodb-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Load Test MongoDB with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T06:29:53.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27557" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-01T08:52:48.657" Score="1" ViewCount="428" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to track and measure session based exploratory testing effectively. What are the main metrics used in session based exploratory testing to measure efforts, charters, bugs, opportunities and coverage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25846" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T13:29:07.500" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T14:23:54.310" Title="metrics in exploratory testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27557" CreationDate="2017-06-01T08:59:13.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to James Bach on his &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/sbtm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SBTM page&lt;/a&gt;, the metrics you may gather from session reports are quoted below.&#xA;Of course, sessions give you simple stats. You will need manage these into a meaningful context. Personally I have used a dashboard in Excel (manually updated when sessions were completed) but if you can automatically extract the metrics and import them in a test management tool, more power to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The session metrics are the primary means to express the status of the&#xA;  exploratory test process. They contain the following elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Number of sessions completed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Number of problems found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Function areas covered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Percentage of session time spent setting up for testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Percentage of session time spent testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Percentage of session time spent investigating problems&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: of course you also have metrics at the level of charters. Especially their link to requirements (for traceability and total coverage).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T08:59:13.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27559" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-01T08:59:55.897" Score="1" ViewCount="1475" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using TouchActions class in Appium to press and move the slider to a specified position.The problem that I am facing is that on some pages the slider works fine and I'm able to initiate touch action and move the slider, but on the other page the same thing may or may not work.What's uncanny is that the code seems to be working fine and no error is being thrown.It would be really helpful if someone points out what could possibly cause this behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code for controlling the slider is as follows: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.TouchAction;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;&#xA;public class SlideController {&#xA;&#xA;private WebElement seekbar;&#xA;private AppiumDriver driver;&#xA;private TouchAction touchAction;&#xA;private final int offset = 200;&#xA;&#xA;public SlideController(WebElement seekbar, AppiumDriver driver) {&#xA;    this.seekbar = seekbar;&#xA;    this.driver = driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void slideBy(int slideByPercentage){&#xA;    int xStartingPoint = seekbar.getLocation().getX();&#xA;    int xEndingPoint = seekbar.getSize().getWidth();&#xA;    int yStartingAndEndingPoint = seekbar.getLocation().getY();&#xA;    moveSliderAccordingToSpecifiedPercentage(xStartingPoint,xEndingPoint,yStartingAndEndingPoint,slideByPercentage);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;private void moveSliderAccordingToSpecifiedPercentage(int xStartingPoint, int xEndingPoint, int yStartingAndEndingPoint, int slideByPercentage) {&#xA;    double slideFactor = (double)slideByPercentage/(double)100;&#xA;    int pointToMoveTo = (int) ((xEndingPoint+offset)*slideFactor);&#xA;    touchAction = new TouchAction(driver);&#xA;    touchAction.longPress(xStartingPoint,yStartingAndEndingPoint,1000).moveTo(pointToMoveTo,yStartingAndEndingPoint).release().perform();&#xA;   }&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24877" LastActivityDate="2019-12-09T15:02:20.287" Title="Unable to press and move slider to desired position in a React Native android app using appium" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27560" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-01T09:54:10.970" Score="3" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a web application in which all web controls are loaded dynamically using AJAX. I have a test script project in java Eclipse IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my problem. If, for example, I am debugging a test script for my last module, I have to go through all my dependent modules first and execute each one's script before I can debug my last module. It is a very time consuming and boring task to execute the scripts for previous modules every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way I can bypass my dependent module test script execution in Eclipse?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22100" LastEditorUserId="26548" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T20:27:41.767" LastActivityDate="2021-04-13T07:04:15.363" Title="Script debugging on AJAX base web application. Can I bypass my dependent module test script execution in Eclipse?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;ajax&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27551" CreationDate="2017-06-01T12:12:08.577" Score="29" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Yu Zhang has said &lt;strong&gt;NEVER perform security tests without consent&lt;/strong&gt;. There are no exceptions to this rule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to make it clear to the team member that senior management would be justified in firing him for his reckless actions. For that matter, your customer could choose to take legal action against him including criminal charges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are clearly training issues if one of your team members thought it appropriate to run a security test against a customer's live data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things I'd consider in addition to Yu Zhang's excellent points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wherever possible, potentially destructive security tests should be run in an isolated non-production environment. That includes separate servers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If a separate environment is not available, potentially destructive or disruptive security tests must be run off-hours when there are few or no customers using the application. In this case extreme care must be taken to ensure no real data is harmed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Always have a prior agreement with rules of engagement and &lt;em&gt;stick to it&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; This must be in the form of a written contract. Emphasize that &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; security testing without a prior agreement is &lt;em&gt;illegal hacking&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't be afraid to use this incident to remind your team members of potential consequences. Security is important, but one of the reasons all reputable security testing organizations work with detailed contracts and rules of engagement is that &lt;em&gt;security testing in progress is indistinguishable from hacking attempts&lt;/em&gt;. I can't stress that enough. To a customer or system admin who has not been notified of security testing, there is &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; difference between a hacking attempt and a security test in progress.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was recently involved with penetration testing for one of the applications I test. The penetration testing firm made these arrangements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We provided a sandboxed environment that was isolated from and a mirror of our production environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The security testers notified us each day before beginning testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the end of each testing session, the security testers sent us a brief summary of their findings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every critical vulnerability they found was reported to us immediately&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rules of engagement included that if they gained direct access to either the servers or the database it was &quot;game over&quot; and they ceased testing and notified us of what they had done and how to fix the problem (this didn't happen, but it was worth having that limitation in place).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth making a list of terms like these for your team members to memorize as standard practice for working with customers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T12:12:08.577" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27551" CreationDate="2017-06-01T12:55:02.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how do I prevent this kind of behavior from happening again?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will assume that this individual didn't know any better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone (perhaps you) needs to clearly teach everyone what is permitted and what is not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things like security testing on a customer's system without permission seems obvious, but apparently education is needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm sure there are many other questionable practices that could be clarified (How is formal permission conveyed? Should testing ever be done in production? Should test data ever be used in production? etc, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the individual actually did know better but went ahead anyway, then perhaps he needs to be let go as an example to others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T12:55:02.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27551" CreationDate="2017-06-01T14:00:41.350" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;The fact that this thing happened means that there is something wrong in the security testing processes inside your team. At least, there should have been an agreement/consent between both parties - a team that does the testing and customer itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the practical things you can do to prevent this from happening again:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;improve &lt;em&gt;education and awareness&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;establish formal &lt;em&gt;guidelines/checklists&lt;/em&gt;  which should include getting consents from all the involved parties (&lt;a href=&quot;http://atulgawande.com/book/the-checklist-manifesto/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;checklists are powerful!&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set up &lt;em&gt;notifications&lt;/em&gt; when security/penetration testing starts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;see if you can improve the existing Security testing tools by having additional prompts explicitly stating which target are the &quot;attacks&quot; are gonna be executed against&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;think of something like a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bnj.com/blog/cowboy-coding-pink-sombrero/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Pink Sombrero&quot; principle&lt;/a&gt; - make these actions &quot;loud&quot; and noticeable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Xwiut.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Xwiut.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Anyone editing code on a production server is required to wear this pink sombrero for the duration of the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T14:00:41.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27557" CreationDate="2017-06-01T14:23:54.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Be careful what you establish as metrics. &lt;strong&gt;What you measure is what you will get&lt;/strong&gt;. People are incredibly good at &lt;strong&gt;gaming system to satisfy your metric&lt;/strong&gt;, any metric. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not a testing problem but &lt;strong&gt;management problem&lt;/strong&gt; - underlying problem you are trying to solve is that you don't know how to measure performance of testers. You may want to research workplace exchange about &lt;strong&gt;how to establish useful metrics to measure performance&lt;/strong&gt;, and what are the &lt;strong&gt;pitfalls&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say, you want to measure number of problems found? Good, I will report as many problems as I can, &lt;strong&gt;even most trivial ones&lt;/strong&gt;, without trying to find out if they are &lt;strong&gt;dupes of existing bugs&lt;/strong&gt;, and spend no time describing the problem to make it repeatable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exactly this happened once in company where I worked, and it was a &lt;strong&gt;disaster and incredible time sink&lt;/strong&gt;. Because low-paid &quot;testers&quot; had no incentive to avoid dupes, higher-paid managers had to find them and discard them. Experiment abandoned after just few weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T14:23:54.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27560" CreationDate="2017-06-01T14:35:38.233" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your dependent code should be moved to a method in a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.jsp#page-object-design-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;POM&lt;/a&gt; that is called by any test(s) that needs it. For example, a login method in the LoginPage POM can be called by any test as a first step for an authenticated test case flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T14:35:38.233" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27550" CreationDate="2017-06-01T15:03:39.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using Windows + Active Directory, you can configure your internet settings to automatically respond to authentication requests using your AD credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The following browser instructions are for Microsoft Internet Explorer and Google Chrome. Note that Chrome inherits its settings from IE's Local Intranet Zone. Even if this user is never planning to log in with IE, the following modifications must be made to ensure pass through on Chrome. &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.intranetconnections.com/hc/en-us/articles/214747478-Client-browser-setup-for-pass-through-AD-Authentication-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start the Internet Explorer browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select Tools, Internet Options&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Security Tab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Local Intranet Zone so that it is highlighted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Sites then click on Advanced.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type in the local Intranet Site (&lt;a href=&quot;http://ipaddressofserver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://ipaddressofserver&lt;/a&gt;) and click on the ADD button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The following browser instructions are for Firefox&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start Firefox. In the address bar type About:Config&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once past the agreement prompt, type NTLM into the filter box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Double click on network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris entry&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Note: Environments limited to Kerberos authentication and do not accept NTLM authentication will need to adjust the network.negotiate-auth.delegation-uris, as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Type in the local Intranet Site (&lt;a href=&quot;http://ipaddressofserver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://ipaddressofserver&lt;/a&gt;) and click on the OK button&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T15:03:39.217" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27568" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-01T16:07:14.500" Score="0" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although I can see many routes to get an education in testing, programming, etc. how can I address the requirement that nearly all jobs seem to require some actual software testing experience as well ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should one do to gain experience in software testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any tips for what should be on your resume for a candidate who is applying for jobs in QA automation ? Apart from the ISTQB Foundation Certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25945" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T17:31:03.763" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T18:35:27.613" Title="How to gain the required initial experience in software testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-06-01T19:42:27.987" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27568" CreationDate="2017-06-01T17:08:03.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think you should start to find out about test automation, such as Selemiun Web Driver + VIsual Studio, there are videos where super easy tests are generated, but then come, challenges like generating reports, taking pictures and then Test data from a database model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is what I am doing in my work. Or for example find out about these tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Serenity Framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Redwoodhq&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sahi Opena Source Automation Testing Tool For Web Applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Galen Framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gauge Test Automation you'll actually like&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25947" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T17:23:50.613" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T17:23:50.613" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27568" CreationDate="2017-06-01T17:15:06.463" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm personally not sure about certifications (I don't have any), but in order to be considered as an experienced QA at most of the interviews, you should understand one thing - constant self education is the key to success. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The QA role is the role where an employee knows his/her subject perfectly + a little bit from everywhere. Of course the base foundations: SDLC, TDLC, principles of Agile, different roles within the team. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get accounts in Udemy, Pluralsight, CodeSchool, CodeAcademy, etc. Those are free or very low cost accounts (usually no more than $30 per month), and are amazing value to help you be constantly learning, rather than paying couple thousands dollars for the class (plus travel, time, etc.) at local college. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Attend local QA meetups (www.meetup.com), listen to the people, share your ideas, look what's trending on the market now. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Watch linkedin news feed, what recruiters are looking for, requirements, what tools and etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully this clears the picture a little.             &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-01T17:26:24.483" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T17:26:24.483" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27568" CreationDate="2017-06-01T18:35:27.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certifications are of no use if you cannot show that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you are competent programmer. Python is widely considered simplest for beginners (and has plenty of online resources), but you will need more. SQL, XML. likely it will take few years to become competent (but some companies might hire semi-competent for cheap).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can research problem you have and find a solution with help from Internet. Like find reviews of different tools, and make your own opinion, customized to your own circumstances.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Easiest way is to get hired as manual tester, and automate what you can, as you gain skills. This will require to spend lot of your personal time learning new skills - but if you will go pro, it will be your life anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-01T18:35:27.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27550" CreationDate="2017-06-01T21:24:04.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I ended up customizing a modify headers extension for chrome (&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/modheader/idgpnmonknjnojddfkpgkljpfnnfcklj?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/modheader/idgpnmonknjnojddfkpgkljpfnnfcklj?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;) so it loads a set of header rules for my environment by default, stripped out the unneeded functionality.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I start chromeDriver, I load that extension to load from my local repo using (--load-extension=${extensionDirFullPath}).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One roadblock I found was I have to&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  1. load the extension page (using &lt;code&gt;chrome-extension:://${extensionID}/page&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2. Load another web page (I just use google).   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Part of this is just waiting for the extension to load fully, but a wait (even a long one) is not sufficient to ensure that the extension loads and is used.  strange stuff.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, because I'm loading the extension from a local folder rather than the chrome store, it loads with a different id on my grid node machine than from my local, and different again on my co-workers local.  So in my BeforeAllTests, I threw this in: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.url('chrome://extensions/');&#xA;browser.pause(500);&#xA;let extFrame = browser.element('div#extensions iframe');&#xA;extFrame.waitForExist(30000);&#xA;let extFrameID = extFrame.value;&#xA;browser.frame(extFrameID);&#xA;browser.click('#toggle-dev-on');&#xA;browser.pause(500);&#xA;extensionID = browser.element(`//div[@class='extension-details']//h2[text()='${extensionName}']/../../div[@class='developer-extras']/div/span[@class='extension-id']`).getText();&#xA;browser.frame();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the id of the extension dynamically.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This is roughly the beforeSuite code to load the extension page and google: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.url(`chrome-extension://${extensionID}/popup.html`);&#xA;browser.pause(500);&#xA;browser.url('https://www.google.com');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I get around to Firefox, it looks like there are several Modify Headers add-ons, which combined with using its own profile should work, with less code than this chrome solution.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;Welp, I found a solution that works, but feels ugly and smells like bad code:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Each new browser session (depending on whether you are using a new session per suite or per test or whatever):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Load a resource from the image server using the basic auth in the before Suite/Test/Whatever method.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;-Load your base URL and proceed running the test/suite/whatever like before.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it works, but is kind of ugly.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23807" LastEditorUserId="23807" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T20:18:40.693" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T20:18:40.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-01T23:19:10.077" Score="0" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a Spring Boot application and need to perform load and stress tests in order toestimate the resources my production server will need and configure my auto scaling metrics.&#xA;But the major part of my application is heavily consuming and posting data to one 3rd party SOAP web service and sometimes does the same with one RESTful api.&#xA;What is the best way to load test my application.&#xA;Is it valid that I mock the SOAP and REST webservices? If so what is the best method?&#xA;Or the only valid way is to use the real services that will be consumed in production? (I wanted to avoid to polute de database of the provider)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25954" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T14:50:10.473" Title="Load test Java application with 3rd party web services" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26966" CreationDate="2017-06-02T07:09:40.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are lots of thing you need to understand and implement.&#xA;1st: are you going to use excel with extenion .xls or .xlsx. If any of them then use the Apache POI jar to read data from excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apache POI majorly have 2 components&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;XSSF : which is for .xlsx extension file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HSSF : which is for .xls extension file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now Create a new function using both object(XSSF and HSSF). Function will be like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public List&amp;lt; Map&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt;&amp;gt; getExcelDataHSSF(int startRowNo, int  EndRowNumber){}&#xA;public List&amp;lt; Map&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt;&amp;gt; getExcelDataXSSF(int startRowNo, int  EndRowNumber){}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This function will return your data in List of Map object. Where Map's key is columnName and Value is: your test data respective to column.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, You need to write a function which check the extension of excel file and execute the function &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;if extension is .xlsx then run function getExcelDataXSSF(1,20) else getExcelDataHSSF(1,20)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, Go to your Test file and use TestNG dataprovider to fetch data using above function and pass to you test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17190" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-08-02T12:01:52.737" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T12:01:52.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27575" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-02T11:01:12.057" Score="2" ViewCount="8925" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently tried to locate an element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was unable to identify an &lt;strong&gt;xpath&lt;/strong&gt; and after putting a list in a loop.&#xA;I noticed that for some elements &lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; returned &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;, but &lt;code&gt;isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;. How is it possible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Could it be that the element was hidden somewhere on the background, but still enabled?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By the way, in my perception &quot;&lt;code&gt;enabled&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is when you can bring it under focus, right? And also, for all elements where &lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; returned &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;isSelected()&lt;/code&gt; also returned &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I right that if &lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; returns &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;isSelected()&lt;/code&gt; can never return &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; and it can only return true if &lt;code&gt;isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt; returns &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T18:31:08.190" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T18:31:08.190" Title="Selenium element properties: Selected vs Enabled vs Displayed" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13405" CreationDate="2017-06-02T11:10:52.637" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Test Architecture Design&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Determine what to do in each of the 4 agile testing quadrants:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integrated&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;exploratory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Determine how to structure your test pyramid (representing the volume of tests) with more unit tests on the bottom and less exploratory testing at the top&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Explore&#xA;  Performance  &#xA; Integrated Tests  &#xA;Lots of Unit Tests&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Determine the desired speed of change.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Companies wishing to release changes daily will need testing strategies that match it.  Same for companies that release quarterly.  Note that top companiies (apple,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Determine the business value/risk of doing / not doing manual testing&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Determine the business value/risk of doing / not doing automated testing&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Determine the testing and QA/QE process&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What will be the definition of done ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will QA/QE integrate their work with development ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will Code Reviews be shared ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How will agile processes will be used ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Determine Software Standards to be followed in test development&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll admit though that this is more aimed at software / agile organizations.  It would need to be adapted for hardware / non-agile shops but I think most would still apply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2019-07-18T09:59:17.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27575" CreationDate="2017-06-02T11:44:01.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, enabled means that it's not disabled (by means of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_input_disabled.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;disabled&lt;/code&gt; attribute&lt;/a&gt; or similar). Of course, any element that is enabled may or may not be visible (which is governed by the CSS &lt;code&gt;Display&lt;/code&gt; style).&#xA;Per the JAVA documentation for &lt;code&gt;isEnabled&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is the element currently enabled or not? This will generally return&#xA;  true for everything but disabled input elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want a combination of both visible and enabled, use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/java/client/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/ExpectedConditions.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the ExpectedCondition &lt;code&gt;elementToBeClickable&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;isSelected&lt;/code&gt;, the documentation says the following. So if you have asked this property on other elements, you should always get the same value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Determine whether or not this element is selected or not. This&#xA;  operation only applies to input elements such as checkboxes, options&#xA;  in a select and radio buttons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can have hidden dropdowns where a (default) value has been selected. So pretty much any combination of these three properties is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T11:44:01.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26707" CreationDate="2017-06-02T15:41:17.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=ElementArrayFinder.prototype.get&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.get()&lt;/code&gt; method of the &lt;code&gt;ElementArrayFinder&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - no need to resolve a promise explicitly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var desiredOption = element.all(by.tagName('option')).get(2);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, assuming you are clicking the right &quot;button&quot; to open up the options, you can &lt;em&gt;wait for the option to become visible&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;browser.wait(EC.visibilityOf(desiredOption), 5000);&#xA;desiredOption.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/28736559/771848&quot;&gt;nice wrapper around &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; element&lt;/a&gt;, which, aside from other things, will allow you to select an option by text or value (would be better than hardcoding an index of an option).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T15:41:17.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27529" CreationDate="2017-06-02T18:43:46.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see you are trying to use &lt;code&gt;move_to_element&lt;/code&gt;, which currently isn't supported in the marionette/gecko driver. You can track the implementation &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/webdriverio/webdriverio/issues/1653&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;on their GitHub&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;moveTo is not part of the W3C WebDriver spec, it would be a good idea to move to the actions API to support modern firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T18:43:46.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27471" CreationDate="2017-06-02T18:58:00.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like you are using one webDriver, &lt;code&gt;webdriverCommon&lt;/code&gt;. You'll need to setup your framework such that each class or test uses its own driver. I have a TestBase class that each test class inherits from. The following example is using JUnit but the idea is the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestBase {&#xA;&#xA;    protected WebDriver driver;&#xA;    protected String baseUrl = &quot;http://example.com/&quot;;&#xA;    protected String hubUrl = &quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception{&#xA;        try {&#xA;            DesiredCapabilities capability = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();&#xA;            driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(hubUrl), capability);&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception e){&#xA;            System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Selenium\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;            driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        }&#xA;        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @After&#xA;    public void tearDown() throws Exception{&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-02T18:58:00.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27582" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-02T20:29:40.397" Score="1" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried to provide my Selenium Webdriver test with all needed drivers in a separate folder under the src.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The structure looks like&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YvfoK.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YvfoK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to create a new instance of the webdriver like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.ie.driver&quot;, &quot;pathToTheFFDriver&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is now to create a proper path to the driver. When I copied the driver to somewhere outside of the project, e.g. &quot;C:\drivers\geckodriver.exe&quot;  I can create a working path. But how can I access the file without copying it first?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;Webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;driver/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;Webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;./driver/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;System.setProperty(&quot;Webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;./src/driver/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I always get the same error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.gecko.driver system property;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I missing? How can I access the driver directly without copying it first?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10741" LastEditorUserId="10741" LastEditDate="2017-06-02T20:37:48.757" LastActivityDate="2018-05-03T10:27:12.127" Title="Problem with accessing driver resource" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27583" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27608" CreationDate="2017-06-02T20:53:25.843" Score="4" ViewCount="22835" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I think is that this involves the lazy loading mechanism, where the loading of the page factory WebElements are deferred till it's required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if this is the cases then what's the need of &lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And in the situation where we have a button in the webpage that has &lt;code&gt;id='button'&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;name='save'&lt;/code&gt;, and we use page factory to initialize the element to click the button(we use only the &lt;code&gt;id='button'&lt;/code&gt; for identifying the element). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that the button vanishes and a new button comes up having &lt;code&gt;id='button'&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;name='add'&lt;/code&gt;. Can I use the same WebElement used earlier to click on it? Because even though the location strategy is same, the attribute name has changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T11:57:37.023" LastActivityDate="2018-11-29T06:48:52.160" Title="What does PageFactory.initElements(driver, this) do?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27584" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27592" CreationDate="2017-06-03T01:12:31.287" Score="2" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been working as a full time tester for the past 6 years, but I've mostly done manual testing. I had the chance to do some automation using java selenium webdriver + robot and a specific java api framework. However, I've always wanted to gain more automation experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know of crowdsourcing sites like uTest or BugFinders, but I haven't seen any real automation opportunities there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any automation crowdsourcing site where I can get some experience? Or is there any opportunity other than crowdsourcing for me to do some real work for a project (instead of just setting up a fake environment to practice)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25971" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T17:59:31.920" Title="Any crowdsourcing or other real opportunities to get into automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27585" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-03T04:42:35.510" Score="0" ViewCount="482" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here &lt;code&gt;Sytem.out.println()&lt;/code&gt; showing an error why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int c=1;&#xA;for(int i=1;1&amp;gt;0;i++)&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[text()='Next']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    c=c+1;&#xA;}&#xA;System.out.println(c);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T09:17:34.807" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T14:28:37.093" Title="Why is my code not executed, is it unreachable?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2017-06-05T04:33:22.983" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27585" CreationDate="2017-06-03T09:16:31.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because you have an infinite loop that will throw an exception when the element is not found anymore. If the program gets an exception (e.g. ElementNotFound) then it breaks all computation. So it never reaches the code outside of the for-loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int c = 1;&#xA;boolean error = false;&#xA;while(!error) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[text()='Next']&quot;)).click();&#xA;      c++;&#xA;    } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;      // if we get here we have an exception&#xA;      error = true&#xA;    }&#xA; }&#xA; System.out.println(c);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use a try/catch block to catch any error and handle it or quit a loop like in the example above. Not 100% sure the syntax is correct, haven't written any Java in 6 years, but read it as pseudo code and fix where needed :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T14:28:37.093" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T14:28:37.093" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27588" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-03T10:08:48.247" Score="1" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;What free automation tools exist for Data Migrations between Old and New Systems?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What approaches should I use to ensure data was migrated correctly ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a beginner Tester in web applications, E-Learning System.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25974" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-03T10:49:06.390" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T10:49:06.390" Title="What tools and how to approach Data Migration testing?" Tags="&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;&lt;data&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-05T11:50:42.770" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25446" CreationDate="2017-06-03T21:12:10.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, &quot;emulator-5554&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cap.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;Android Emulator&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's what I use after reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://nishantverma.gitbooks.io/appium-for-android/understanding_desired_capabilities.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Understanding Desired Capabilities&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-03T21:12:10.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27590" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-04T10:48:09.920" Score="0" ViewCount="873" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to select the filter sub-section ( Left panel) in flip kart page. I am trying to expand &quot;TYPE&quot; section but I could not do it... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA; driver.get(&quot;https://www.flipkart.com/search?q=Refrigerator&amp;amp;otracker=start&amp;amp;as-show=on&amp;amp;as=off&quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[text()='Type']&quot;)).getText());&#xA;    Actions a = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    a.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[text()='Type']&quot;))).click().perform();`&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below is sample code ... Your inputs please &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T22:01:39.137" Title="Not able to select flipkart filter in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27584" CreationDate="2017-06-04T13:52:39.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Freelance sites like Upwork or Freelancer.com often have smaller web automation projects, like &quot;Automate data upload to website xyz&quot; or &quot;Automatically generate reports on website abc&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The tools used for these project are typically the same that are popular with web testers: iMacros, Sikuli, Kantu Automation, Scrapy and of course Selenium/Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T13:52:39.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27584" CreationDate="2017-06-04T17:01:59.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, adding to Bobby's answer: test automation projects on &quot;freelance&quot; websites are (in my opinion) not a viable option for you. The main reason being that competition is fierce; hirers are looking for profiles with experience and a high rating (or good reviews). Some of these &quot;freelancers&quot; work terribly cheap as well.&#xA;So getting paid for something you still need to learn is not realistic (via this channel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn test automation properly, some options include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;follow &lt;strong&gt;decent&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;online courses&lt;/strong&gt;; your employer will pay for these, I should hope. For example &lt;a href=&quot;https://courses.ultimateqa.com/courses/selenium-with-c&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this one&lt;/a&gt; seems worth the money.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get a &lt;strong&gt;consultant&lt;/strong&gt; hired in your company (say, for six months) to set up a good automation framework. This allows you to learn from someone in person, and also ensures you get the basics down properly. (If you're new to automation, your first framework probably won't last.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;become a test consultant&lt;/strong&gt; yourself, so your career path will lead you to many projects and clients and thus you'll get lots of opportunities to develop your skills. Especially because &lt;strong&gt;consulting firms&lt;/strong&gt; tend to invest in the career of their consultants, and they have tons of in-house knowledge and courses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T17:01:59.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27593" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-04T20:15:34.003" Score="1" ViewCount="489" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to learn to use Selenium in my tests. Do I need to know how to use SQL in order to effectively use Selenium in my tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And would you be able to advise what online resources are freely available to learn these skills?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25984" LastEditorUserId="23435" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T14:01:09.133" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T14:01:09.133" Title="How much SQL knowledge is needed to learn Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;sql&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-06-08T13:24:45.087" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27593" CreationDate="2017-06-04T20:18:24.823" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To automate tests in Selenium you don't need to know SQL at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, knowledge of SQL helps in general in testing and test automation, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;finding useful test data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automating test data setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checking intermediary results (e.g., whether a user has been locked in DB) of your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-06-04T20:18:24.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27596" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27599" CreationDate="2017-06-05T06:48:51.527" Score="-1" ViewCount="663" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to select from available usernames while creating Gmail account using Selenium when the username was chosen is already taken?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;https://accounts.google.com/SignUp?service=mail&amp;amp;continue=https://mail.google.com/mail/?pc=topnav-about-en&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;FirstName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;7 Grams&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;LastName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Cafe&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;GmailAddress&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;7gcafe&quot;);&#xA;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted steps after this: I am looking to select the first suggested username that appears in the available usernames.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T04:31:24.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T12:15:38.180" Title="Selecting available Usernames while creating Gmail Account using Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27597" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-05T06:48:58.397" Score="0" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to use xpath reference name in JDBC request?below configuration i have tested but its not  working. Is there any way to get this xml value[prodcutid] in to SQL Query?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jmeter DB Request&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YwerL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YwerL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XPATH Extractor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hMDY3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hMDY3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XML&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XFuy3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XFuy3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T07:01:25.267" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T07:37:57.303" Title="How to use xpath referance name in JDBC Request SQL Query?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27597" CreationDate="2017-06-05T07:37:57.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on your &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; column type you can do it in 2 ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;VARCHAR&lt;/strong&gt; type you will need to surround &lt;code&gt;${Productid}&lt;/code&gt; reference with quotation marks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`SELECT * FROM prodcut WHERE id = '${productid}'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;INTEGER&lt;/strong&gt; type you will need to switch to &lt;code&gt;Prepared Select Statement&lt;/code&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yvydW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yvydW.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter JDBC&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also according to &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#functions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Variables, functions (and properties) are all case-sensitive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so &lt;code&gt;${productid}&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;${Productid}&lt;/code&gt; are &lt;strong&gt;different variables&lt;/strong&gt; so please make sure that definition and all references are in line. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-db-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Building a Database Test Plan&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/debugging-jdbc-sampler-results-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debugging JDBC Sampler Results in JMeter&lt;/a&gt; articles for more information on implementing database testing using JMeter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T07:37:57.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27596" CreationDate="2017-06-05T07:58:51.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Selenium python: &#xA;first we find email input and send keys, when it's wrong we use try to find error message and except new email address with e.g. random int added.&#xA;For username similar with another selector.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   email = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;input#GmailAddress&quot;)&#xA;   email.send_keys(&quot;kowalski&quot;)&#xA;   next_step = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;input#submitbutton&quot;)&#xA;   next_step.click()&#xA;   try:&#xA;       error = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;span.errormsg&quot;)&#xA;   except Exception:&#xA;       email2 = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;input#GmailAddress&quot;)&#xA;       rand = random.randint(1, 10)&#xA;       randS = str(rand)&#xA;       email2.send_keys(&quot;kowalski&quot;+randS)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6JPDZ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6JPDZ.png&quot; alt=&quot;Now in gmail it is no username suggestion&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Now it looks like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19543" LastEditorUserId="19543" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T12:51:38.877" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T12:51:38.877" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27593" CreationDate="2017-06-05T09:51:31.227" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;None. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SeleniumHQ define Selenium simply as a tool which automates browsers. You can work with Selenium without any knowledge of SQL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, you could combine Selenium and SQL to run more advanced and thorough tests - for example completing a web form with Selenium and then confirming the data's been saved in the database by running a SQL query. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to run SQL queries within your automation tests, then I'd recommend learning this with MySQL as it's free and the syntax is very similar to SQL. You'll find that SQL is actually rather easy to use, especially if you're primarily selecting or inserting data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T09:51:31.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23284" CreationDate="2017-06-05T11:36:31.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to know whether a page on a website is cached or not, try modifying the database directly. The backend server should not know about your action and will not refresh the cache accordingly. Now if the changes are reflected on the UI immediately, I think the content have not been cached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25331" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T11:36:31.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27382" CreationDate="2017-06-05T11:43:18.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that this link is really a javascript event method with a underscore styling through CSS. This makes it appear to be a link, and more importantly behave like one. However, it may not work when we apply &lt;code&gt;Click Link&lt;/code&gt; keyword on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the event can be set to any tag, please use &lt;code&gt;Click Element&lt;/code&gt; on the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; but if that does not have the desired effect, on it's parent tags &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Any further up the tree doesn't make sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23672" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T11:43:18.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27606" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20090" CreationDate="2017-06-05T11:51:24.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you already try to set up the tolerance? You can go to Advanced Settings and set a RGB and pixel tolerance. Also, you need to make sure that you are using always the same monitor size, for example, if you recorded a bitmap in a 24'' monitor, the image will have X pixels of width and Y of height, if you run your test in a monitor of 15'' for example, the script will try to compare the actual image (that is smaller) with the one that is larger. So, all of this things affects the bitmap checkpoint. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26000" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T11:51:24.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29001" CreationDate="2017-06-05T11:57:49.540" Score="2" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm facing a problem with my GUI test. I want to check if a certain screen of an application is loaded or not; for this I'm using a bitmap checkpoint and a test area checkpoint. I'm using both because sometimes the bitmap checkpoint is so sensitive and fails for a little change in the image, so to I decided to use a test area for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is that I'm using a infinite loop with a counter timer. If the time becomes greater than X seconds, exit the loop and report. If not, check the checkpoints: if one passes, exit the loop and report. When I run this script, the code does not exit the infinite loop, even though the Results View indicates that the second checkpoint passed! Why didn't it exit the loop?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I used the same code in another action and it works! The only difference is that the other action I'm using has more checkpoints. So I am really not understanding what is happening.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The functions &lt;code&gt;write_log&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Report_results&lt;/code&gt; are just a way to keep the results. I don't think they are the problem because I checked them individually and they seemed to work fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Function Report_results(x1,y1,Value,x2,y2,sheet)&#xA;&#xA;    Set myxl = createobject(&quot;excel.application&quot;)&#xA;    myxl.Workbooks.Open &quot;R:\data\hpc_uat\CAEDev\nbak\czp2hk\bench_log_results_v3.xlsx&quot;&#xA;    myxl.Application.Visible = false&#xA;    Set mysheet_logs = myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets(sheet)&#xA;    mysheet_logs.cells(x1,y1).value = Value&#xA;    mysheet_logs.cells(x2,y2).value = Now &#xA;    myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Save&#xA;    myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Close&#xA;    myxl.Application.Quit&#xA;&#xA;    Set mysheet_logs = nothing&#xA;    Set myxl = nothing&#xA;&#xA;End Function&#xA;&#xA;Function write_log(path, value)&#xA;&#xA;    Set fso = createobject(&quot;Scripting.FileSystemObject&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;    Set logFile = fso.GetFile(path)&#xA;&#xA;    Set objWTS = logFile.OpenAsTextStream(8,0)&#xA;&#xA;    objWTS.WriteLine (value)&#xA;    objWTS.WriteLine (&quot;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&quot;)&#xA;    objWTS.WriteBlankLines(1)&#xA;    objWTS.Close&#xA;&#xA;    Set fso = nothing&#xA;    Set objWTS = nothing&#xA;&#xA;End Function&#xA;&#xA;'MAIN CODE&#xA;&#xA;available = true&#xA;&#xA;startTime = timer&#xA;&#xA;Do&#xA;    If startTime&amp;gt;400000 Then&#xA;        Report_results aux, 3, (startTime)/100000, aux, 12, &quot;bench_logs&quot;        &#xA;        write_log path, &quot;chk_point_1 not passed, time exceed 40s&quot;&#xA;        ExitTest &#xA;    Else&#xA;        If (Window(&quot;Gompute Desktop:.*&quot;).WinObject(&quot;gomputeWindow&quot;).Check (CheckPoint(&quot;chk_point_1_primer_GMB_v1&quot;)) = true) Then    &#xA;            write_log path, &quot;chk_point_1_v1 passed&quot;&#xA;            Exit Do&#xA;            End If&#xA;        If (Window(&quot;Gompute Desktop:.*&quot;).WinObject(&quot;gomputeWindow&quot;).Check (CheckPoint(&quot;chk_point_1_primer_GMB_v2&quot;)) = true) Then    &#xA;            write_log path, &quot;chk_point_1_v2 passed&quot;&#xA;            Exit Do&#xA;        End If&#xA;    End If&#xA;Loop While available = true&#xA;&#xA;stopTime = timer&#xA;&#xA;totalTime = stopTime-startTime&#xA;&#xA;write_log path, &quot;chk_point_1 passed&quot;&#xA;Report_results aux, 2, totalTime, aux, 12, &quot;bench_logs&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is just a sample of the Results Viewer that shows a checkpoint passed, but the code keeps checking the checkpoints, indicating that the code didn't break out of the infinite loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wlfva.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wlfva.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26000" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T19:07:06.277" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T14:11:05.540" Title="If condition passes, but the code is not executed" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27583" CreationDate="2017-06-05T12:12:51.193" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answering your second question&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, you can't use the same WebElement. You will get a stale element reference exception because the button on the screen is a &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; button according to the code. You would need to call &lt;code&gt;refresh()&lt;/code&gt; at minimum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answering your first question&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageFactory&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;PageFactory model&lt;/a&gt; acts as an extension to your PageObject, allowing you to do things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;userName.sendKeys(&quot;myUserName&quot;);&#xA;password.sendKeys(&quot;myPassword&quot;);&#xA;button.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of the more standard Selenium &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; calls in the page object. This simplifies your page object code because you don't need to define the &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; calls (PageFactory assumes you are running the find by name or ID).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;PageFactory.initElements(driver, pageObjectClass)&lt;/code&gt; implicitly creates the &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; calls behind the scene. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My suggestion&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of using the id to identify the button, I'd identify it by name. That way, instead of needing to create near-identical code, you could do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;save.Click();&#xA;// wait until the add button is visible and enabled&#xA;// a refresh call may be needed&#xA;// then you can call the next line of code&#xA;add.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T12:12:51.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27573" CreationDate="2017-06-05T13:59:54.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If they are 3rd-party providers and/or consumers I believe it is fine to mock the services, moreover it is recommended to &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206732519-Excluding-Domains-from-the-Load-Test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exclude external resources from load tests&lt;/a&gt; as this is not something you can control so it would be better to limit your 3rd party integrations testing to &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/visualvm/profiler.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;profiling&lt;/a&gt; the relevant code or using &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tools_for_static_code_analysis#Java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;code analysis tools&lt;/a&gt; to find potential performance problems or memory leaks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T13:59:54.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27593" CreationDate="2017-06-05T14:30:31.557" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best database to know is the one used in your company/project. If your company is Microsoft shop, likely it would be MS SQL Server. Other companies insist on using only open source tools (for very good reason), so it will be PostgreSQL or MySQL. For some apps, SQLite is enough. Yet other companies will not stray from Oracle, because they invested lots of resources to use all the optimizations it allows. And sometimes you may need NoSQL database like MongoDB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most companies have good business reason to use the database they use, and will not switch to another without really good reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me ask you (OP) similar question: what is the best car?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not answerable because you need to know if you want it to commute to work (Prius?), going for family trips (minivan?), or deliver packages (big van?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T17:54:28.483" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T17:54:28.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27584" CreationDate="2017-06-05T14:34:44.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talk to your manager. Say you want to automate repeatable processes to save time and resources, and ask where. Show that you are &lt;strong&gt;willing to learn stuff in your own free time,&lt;/strong&gt; that you have drive and dedication. So, find opportunity to automate &lt;strong&gt;something&lt;/strong&gt; in your current job. Does not have to be big. Small opportunities are abundant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are lucky, you will get chance in your company. If not, look for another manual tester position where you can also spend some time learning automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T17:59:31.920" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T17:59:31.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27615" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27616" CreationDate="2017-06-05T18:13:00.850" Score="11" ViewCount="750" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Context&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the past several years our QA team has been very active in manual and automated testing of our products which led to a very small amount of real-user complaints about the functioning and usability of our major products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the things that has been working for us, is &lt;em&gt;&quot;start testing early&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - while a feature is either partially implemented, or just released in a very immature state (in a &quot;dev&quot; environment). The idea was to give developers feedback as quickly as possible. This is motivated by the &lt;a href=&quot;https://briankegels.wordpress.com/2012/07/24/the-purpose-of-analysis/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Barry Boehm's law&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;em&gt;the earlier a problem is found, cheaper it is to solve&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Problem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While it proved to work for us, there are related issues. Mostly, it is &lt;em&gt;&quot;Signal to noise&quot; ratio&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On one hand, testing a feature that is not yet ready often helped to reveal critical problems, issues in designing/architecting a feature. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, a lot of issues were not really bugs or problems, but rather things that were just &quot;work-in-progress&quot; or temporarily broken. This led to wasting time of both our developers and testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you recommend to improve on &quot;signal to noise&quot; ratio? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-05T18:26:41.820" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T21:02:12.563" Title="Signal to noise ratio during early testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27615" CreationDate="2017-06-05T18:28:19.600" Score="10" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Greater communication between dev and qa so that qa already knows about wip issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communicate first in person where there is disagreement, then document the agreement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clear definition on what quality metrics are being used at your company.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More discussion and planning up-front before the first line of code is written.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Talk about what testing is appropriate for an  idea vs prototype vs first draft vs final product&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regularly scheduled review of inappropriately documented issues to learn and change&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agreed on ways for developers to mark things that are 'wip', perhaps in a special area in the ticket management system so that QA can see that first before they start testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continue your general direction and make sure developer are on board with your 'shift-left' philosophy.  My personal experience is that developers are always enthused to hear about it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T00:46:13.830" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T00:46:13.830" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27615" CreationDate="2017-06-05T18:33:41.257" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The paradox of when to write a bug... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Noise is merely a perception of those receiving something unexpected.  If we look at ATDD and BDD the idea is that all tests are written before the coding cycle and all tests are considered failed.  All Bugs are the results of a failed test and are usually only written after the coding has been delivered.  But in reality a bug should have no negative connotations because it's just a record of behavior.  Each bug can be either valid or invalid.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Bug queue then becomes a behavior oriented database which, if managed correctly, it can become extremely valuable down-the-line.  The main reason is in determining the most valuable Bugs to include in each iteration. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I worked a project once where we tested as early as possible, it created a ton of bugs which the developers didn't like.  They said &quot;We're not even done with the project yet?&quot;  It did add overhead to keeping track of things, but when the product was released it sailed right into production with not a single Severity one issue. The product owners became glued to our bug queue and wouldn't release the project until all Severity 1 and 2 bugs were done! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today, most development teams are not required to show the Test Results from their own Unit Testing prior to moving onto the next phase.  If that were done more often, there'd be a lot better endings.  Unit Testing is the best place to test, even for the QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moving forward, QA Team members are going to have to pick up programming skills to stay relevant.  Automation isn't only about approaching from the GUI, it's about approaching from the code side. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastEditorUserId="11086" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T12:08:05.543" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T12:08:05.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27615" CreationDate="2017-06-05T19:57:35.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Changes in backend are easier (because from user's POV there are no changes, or defined changes). Trickier is how to early test UI changes, especialy with radical changes in UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of formal round of early testing, we had great success with developers &lt;strong&gt;presenting new redesigned page&lt;/strong&gt; while it is still in DEV to wider audience: 5-10 people. Developers does all the clicking (and can limit access to parts which are broken), but users can see how page works and feels. This feeling  is much harder to get from just reading page design docs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most valuable audience we found are trainers. They know our system well, but know also what parts are trickier or less intuitive to users. But anyone (representing future users) is welcome on such presentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers can show the new GUI, and get feedback early (can write list of issues in their own terminology), without creating too many bugs and extra work triaging them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Communication instead of documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T19:57:35.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27619" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27615" CreationDate="2017-06-05T22:11:19.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd argue that you're &lt;em&gt;kind of wrong...&lt;/em&gt; You're not wasting you're testers time by &lt;strong&gt;finding&lt;/strong&gt; these issues. As you don't elaborate as to what exactly is wasting your time, I'll make a dangerous assumption in thinking that it's the communication of the noise amongst the actual issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I'd like to re-visit my previous point; having testers find and take note of these issues (and I mean take note, not engage in any formal bug reporting procedure, which is a huge waste of time in this case) is inherently a good thing. It may not lead to the direct increase in value for your product, but it will increase the skill of the testers. If these notes are legible by an outside party, which in clean testing is a primary goal, then they alone may be suitable enough to communicate to the developers what the issues are. Good testers should try and evaluate the potential noise-factor (a broken button vs. incorrect representation of data) and highlight appropriately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a more engaged approach is needed, a timeboxed paired testing activity with devs and testers can work wonders for cutting the doodie.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Formality and time wasting procedures are dead weight in such a rapidly changing environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24363" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T22:11:19.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27517" CreationDate="2017-06-05T23:40:22.677" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; foreach (var item in list)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This implies you already have a list of references to existing elements, as soon as you navigate those elements are toast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2017-06-05T23:40:22.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27621" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-06T02:41:58.333" Score="0" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has anybody succeeded at opening Microsoft Powerpoint presentations using Jmeter? I need to open the specific &lt;code&gt;.pptx&lt;/code&gt; file, convert it to a text file and then retrieve some strings using regular expressions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently using HTTP Request where I provide a path to my local folder where the file resides. At View Tree Results selecting Documents to see the response. Copied &lt;code&gt;tika-app-1.15.jar&lt;/code&gt; to the &lt;code&gt;Jmeter/lib&lt;/code&gt; folder. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.apache.tika.exception.TikaException: TIKA-198: Illegal IOException from org.apache.tika.parser.pkg.PackageParser@5fa2a568 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be some other options in getting the .pptx file? Please share your experiences.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25538" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T08:37:11.763" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T16:56:02.407" Title="How to open .pptx file with Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-06T03:52:34.353" Score="59" ViewCount="25242" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work as a QA/test engineer in a small software company. It is an e-commerce based product. I was assigned a few projects by my manager. I mostly do functional/blackbox testing. Before the production release, I tested many good scenarios and found quite a few defects in the code. Most of them got fixed. I did my analysis and gave important information to the stakeholders. I had a good test strategy at that time. Now, this module went live in production servers and all was good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After many months, there were some enhancements in the product and I did regression testing of the same product, that old code build. Due to my carelessness, I now found at least 10 defects, bugs that were already in Production. I had missed those simple test cases. I should have found those earlier, many months ago. I'm no junior, I'm a senior analyst, which is shameful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My manager and the stakeholders don't trust my work as a tester, as how dare I say that it PASS the QA the first time. They think that I'm careless, not worthy of working, and risky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I'm feeling very bad and low as one should be PERFECT in this job and there should be NO scope for mistakes. Company pays me to test well and not be careless. I feel I don't deserve this job and should find new job in another industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I ignore this mistake and keep on working in the same project?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I have acted more clever and wise. Should I have not found bugs in Production and should have been quiet? Why did I highlight my mistakes​ and been noticed by management.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should I resign or change my Job, as I can't even do simple testing? I also broke the trust of management as well as my reputation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26013" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T14:40:19.743" LastActivityDate="2019-03-22T10:06:36.310" Title="How should a Software Tester deal with missed Defects/bugs in Production?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="15" FavoriteCount="29" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T04:24:51.130" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Brother, every QA like you face similar challenges in early stage of the career. Initially everyone is careless and hence they do such things which is quite normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd advise to not to change the project or organization, because you have now lot much product knowledge.. Utilize it and gain trust of management by doing great job day by day.. Initiate something which is not done in your organization earlier. Try to automate test-cases which are error-prone.. Try to automate regression suite.. Send daily reports to your manager etc.. This will re-build trust for you..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also from now make sure to understand full functionality, in scope and out of scope items, browsers, devices to be tested, FS fully understood, timelines etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you take care of above activities, you will feel that there is no job like QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the very best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24198" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T04:24:51.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T04:44:25.740" Score="80" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Company pays me to test good and not be careless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are asking this question here - &lt;em&gt;you are not careless&lt;/em&gt;, you care about the job you do and the things you can improve on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Don't take it personally and be professional&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/83038/who-is-responsible-for-defects-found-during-development&quot;&gt;The point of finding bugs is not to blame anyone, but to enhance the product's quality.&lt;/a&gt; If your manager is blaming you personally, this is an unhealthy and discouraging situation. It is counter-productive. Focus should be on what can be done to avoid this happening in the future, not who is responsible for what happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Perfect software is a myth&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There will always be bugs&lt;/em&gt; - and there will always be bugs in production, it just happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;This is an opportunity&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not concentrate too much on the fact that you've missed some defects. Instead, &lt;em&gt;look at this as an opportunity&lt;/em&gt;. Show your supervisors the things you've done to improve on quality control and testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;investigate what caused these bugs and defects, identify the problems - lack of certain tests, user stories, test cases, acceptance tests, load tests etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;think of other places in your system where these kind of problems may occur - you may potentially discover similar problems in other parts of your product(s), which you may show and &quot;claim&quot;. This may be a good sign for your supervisor(s) that you've learned your lesson and trying to improve the situation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create automated test cases for these defects - make sure next time they are gonna be caught early and would not make it to production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gather coverage and complexity reports - check if there are critical and complex parts of the system not covered with tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;look into alternative testing methods, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://hypothesis.works/articles/what-is-property-based-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Property-based testing&lt;/a&gt; as an alternative to common Example-based testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in case of manual testing, try to broaden the techniques you use, here are some follow-up resources:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Heuristics Cheat Sheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17275/what-are-some-problem-solving-techniques-that-can-be-used-in-testing&quot;&gt;What are some Problem solving techniques that can be used in testing?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8156/how-can-a-software-tester-use-out-of-the-box-thinking-approach-to-find-more-bu&quot;&gt;How can a Software Tester use &amp;quot;Out of the Box&amp;quot; thinking approach to find more bugs?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Forget about your title - aim for &quot;zero&quot;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I should have found those earlier, many months ago. I'm no junior, I'm a senior analyst, which is shameful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't let the pressure of being on a senior position have a negative effect on you. &lt;em&gt;Aim for zero, listen, observe, offer and advice&lt;/em&gt;. Something I've learned from &lt;a href=&quot;http://chrishadfield.ca/books/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chris Hadfield's &quot;An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In any given situation, according to Hadfield, you’re either a&#xA;  ‘plus-one’, a ‘zero’ or a ‘minus-one’. If you’re a plus-one, you’re&#xA;  actively adding value. If you’re a zero, you’re generally competent&#xA;  and don’t get in the way. Being a minus-one sucks, because you’re a&#xA;  liability and actively cause problems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;However, if you’re a plus-one&#xA;  and you walk into a situation trying to prove how great you are, you&#xA;  can go from a plus one to a minus one – your ‘I got this’ mentality&#xA;  might easily irritate and prove detrimental to the dynamic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So the&#xA;  best thing to do in a new situation? Aim for zero. Listen. Observe.&#xA;  Offer advice. Don’t try to take control of everything. If you know&#xA;  what you’re doing, you won’t need to tell people you’re a plus one.&#xA;  They’ll know it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T17:13:55.710" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T17:13:55.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27621" CreationDate="2017-06-06T05:12:00.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot reproduce the issue using the first PowerPoint document which search engine gave me &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.apache.org/~sctemme/ApconEU2008/Performance_Out.pptx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore I would recommend taking the following troubleshooting steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Save .pptx to a file using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Save_Responses_to_a_file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Save Responses to a file&lt;/a&gt; listener and open it using Powerpoint or equivalent like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.libreoffice.org/discover/impress/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;LibreOffice Impress&lt;/a&gt;. If it doesn't work - you won't be able to parse it with JMeter as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you will be able to open the .pptx using Powerpoint or Impress and JMeter will fail to parse it - try downgrading to &lt;a href=&quot;https://tika.apache.org/1.14/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tika-app-1.14&lt;/a&gt; as JMeter 3.2 comes with tika-core and tika-parsers versions 1.14 so it may be something connected with the versions mismatch. Don't forget to delete &lt;code&gt;tika-app-1.15.jar&lt;/code&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#classpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Classpath&lt;/a&gt; and restart JMeter to pick the Tika jar app. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If point 3 doesn't help I would recommend reporting the issue to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/issues.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Issue Tracker&lt;/a&gt; (first of all they will ask for .pptx file so be ready to present it)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/what-every-performance-tester-should-know-about-extracting-data-files-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Extract Data From Files With JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more details on working with binary responses in JMeter tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T12:18:51.873" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T12:18:51.873" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T05:12:00.613" Score="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please do not resign.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As alecxe has said in his post, &lt;strong&gt;Perfect Software is a myth&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to add, the difference between a tester and a developer is: &lt;strong&gt;It is very difficult to see how much a tester has contributed.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a developer is given a task to develop a feature, this developer&#xA;will produce a tangible result, e.g. a clickable button.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But when a tester is given a task to test a feature, it is very&#xA;difficult to tell how much result we can get from this tester's work. Why? When something does wrong, it can go wrong in a billion way; given the finite amount of time and effort we are humanly allowed, it is not practical for us to catch all the bugs. Take a clickable button for an example, I have seen a clickable button failed to be clicked when it has been clicked exactly 56 times. Will this button fail at the 1000th click? How about 99999th click? We will never know.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Software testing's purpose is not to catch all the bugs, it is to provide confidence towards software quality within a limited amount of time and effort.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One suggestion that I want to make here is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Please keep a record of what you have done and how many bugs you have managed to catch, you can use the records as proof of due diligence should you need to.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T05:12:00.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22928" CreationDate="2017-06-06T06:13:44.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have experimented with Edge Driver too, and the main thing is that Edge Driver is riddled with bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, what you are mentioning sounds awfully similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/platform/issues/5129594/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Setting URL doesn't wait to return before full navigation and switch has happened&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And users have reported other issues with Edge Driver Waits, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/platform/issues/3900872/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ImplicitWait should wait the designated time before attempting to interact with the element&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/platform/issues/8003878/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Edge WebDriver does not wait for &quot;document.readyState == 'complete'&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Our conclusion: Edge Driver is not ready to be used in serious tests.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T06:13:44.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T08:20:04.070" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You and your manager seem to expect perfection from you. If perfection in employees were possible, you'd be out of a job, because they'd just hire perfect developers which don't introduce any defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like either you're starting on a depression - which is a medical condition that requires treatment - or management is abusing you. Or both. A QA pass doesn't mean there are no bugs, and every person knows that, including managers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point I think this question can get more valuable answers on workplace.stackexchange.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest against approaches 1, 2, and 3 and instead suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look into what depression is and consider visiting a mental health professional.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be honest and report bugs you find.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on how you found the new defects, adjust your test plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8689" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T08:20:04.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T08:43:34.007" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are too hard on yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me give you some insight on testing: you might wonder why testers even exist: if everyone would do a good job, testers would not be necessary.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Is this true? No, it is complete nonsense!&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Why? Simply because a human has the tendency to overlook his/her own mistakes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this fires back towards the tester him- or herself too: just as it's the job of the tester to test things the developers are not thinking about, it's up to the developers/project leader to pinpoint the areas the tester did not think about!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, I advise you to do the following: start writing a test document, describing what you will test, which areas you will cover. The project leader needs to approve this document. This document can and will change during the course of the project, so just as a regular update is needed, so is a regular update review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this approach, if you didn't think of testing some areas, the burden won't be upon you completely, it will be a shared responsibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And while introducing this idea to your manager, you can say something like the following: &quot;Dear management, the fact that I have missed some areas during the testing phase has put me in a very bad mood. After some downtime I have thought how I could turn this failure into an opportunity in order to avoid this in future and to be able to deliver better quality. Hereby my proposal: &quot; (and you explain about the test document and its regular reviews).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24375" LastEditorUserId="24375" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T14:19:26.107" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T14:19:26.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27631" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-06T08:58:32.793" Score="0" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;Environment : macOS Sierra, Appium version 1.4.13 (Draco)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not able run appium. Please help, How to fixed this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;appium doctor has not worked. &#xA;Error :&#xA;info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic starting ###&#xA;info AppiumDoctor  ✔ Xcode is installed at: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer&#xA;[Error: Could not detect Mac OS X Version from sw_vers output: '10.12&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2021-04-17T09:46:54.953" Title="Appium 1.4.13 How to resolve error: Could not detect Mac OS X Version from sw_vers output: '10.12 ']?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T15:10:22.290" Score="22" Body="&lt;p&gt;As the other answers have said, &lt;strong&gt;do not blame yourself&lt;/strong&gt;. Nobody can test any piece of software completely, any more than anyone can write completely bug-free software. It's too complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm going to quote an example from an article I wrote over at the Ministry of Testing Dojo: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dojo.ministryoftesting.com/lessons/ten-misconceptions-about-software-testing-that-non-testers-share&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ten Misconceptions About Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;. The quote is from a section explaining why bugs in production &lt;strong&gt;do not&lt;/strong&gt; mean that testers failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It's silly to think testers should be able to catch everything that's&#xA;  wrong with a program. Take a basic calculator application, with or&#xA;  without scientific or other advanced functions. Now consider the&#xA;  addition function. To test only adding two integer numbers completely,&#xA;  you would have to test adding every number the calculator is capable&#xA;  of using to every number the calculator is capable of using and making&#xA;  sure that the result is correct and the display is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Even with a very simple calculator that doesn't display exponential&#xA;  notation and can only add from -999999 to 999999, that's 1999998&#xA;  possible integer numbers to add to 1999998 possible integer numbers -&#xA;  or (1999998)^2. If it takes an average of only 5 seconds to perform the&#xA;  calculation and check the result, you're still looking at over 300000&#xA;  years to test every possible addition of two numbers (and that's&#xA;  working 24/7/365). Nobody has that much time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Even if you automate and can bring that average test time down to 0.1&#xA;  seconds, you're still looking at thousands of years, or thousands of&#xA;  computers, before you've tested every possible combination. And&#xA;  remember, this hasn't even touched anything beyond adding two&#xA;  integers. What happens when you add decimals? Other operations? More&#xA;  than two numbers? It doesn't take much for the number of possible outcomes&#xA;  to approach infinite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(the main reason I'm quoting this is because it's easier than paraphrasing)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, consider this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You&lt;/strong&gt; found the problems in production. Not customers. That means they were still caught before they were &quot;exposed&quot; to external users, and it means that should any customers report them, the company can say &quot;Yes, this is a known problem and we are working on a fix for a future release&quot;. That is not a failure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You&lt;/strong&gt; did the responsible thing and reported the problems as soon as you found them. By doing so, you &lt;em&gt;limited&lt;/em&gt; the amount of risk your company is exposed to. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your manager and stakeholders expect perfection, they will be disappointed. &lt;strong&gt;You&lt;/strong&gt; did not cause the bugs to be in the code. It's entirely possible your developers didn't either: the bugs could well have been the result of unclear specifications or a miscommunication between the product owner and the developers. Or they could be what I call &quot;stealth enhancements&quot; where the product doesn't work quite the way customers expect so they report it as a bug even though they signed off on the use case documents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The fact that you are beating yourself up over this is a sign of your dedication, not that you are a failure. A failure wouldn't &lt;em&gt;care&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are you Superman? God? Of course not. Expecting that you can catch every bug in software that has close to literally infinite possible user paths (particularly when you consider the ability to to undo/redo any number of times) is expecting yourself to be some kind of infallible being.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Convincing Your Manager To Support You&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stop Blaming Yourself&lt;/strong&gt; Accept that yes, bugs slid through to production, but don't accept that this makes you unreliable. You did the best you could in the situation you had. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Show The Math&lt;/strong&gt; Show your manager the math I used in the example - or even better, do a similar kind of example for your software. If you have say 10 independent true/false configuration flags, to test every function in your application with every possible configuration flag, you must &lt;em&gt;test every function in your application 1024 (2^10) times&lt;/em&gt;. If it takes 5 hours to go through every function, that's over 5000 hours of testing. I rather doubt your manager wants you to do that, and I guarantee you don't want to do that. The tedium is mind-numbing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do Root Cause Analysis&lt;/strong&gt; Not just on why you missed those particular bugs, but on how those bugs got in to the code base in the first place. The question &quot;How can I be held responsible for code I did not write?&quot; can be useful, as can referring back to the fact that you can't test everything. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Blame is Counterproductive&lt;/strong&gt; You need to ask your manager why &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; are being blamed when you didn't introduce the bug to the code, when it would be much more productive to try to take measures to &lt;em&gt;prevent&lt;/em&gt; similar bugs from being &lt;em&gt;introduced&lt;/em&gt; to the code in future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Edited math in point 2 to correct error]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T18:25:52.947" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T18:25:52.947" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27634" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27631" CreationDate="2017-06-06T15:15:58.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium/issues/7031&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;issue&lt;/a&gt; with that build of Appium. Towards the bottom of the issue page there is a linked solution on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40129794/how-to-fix-error-could-not-detect-mac-os-x-version-from-sw-vers-output-10-12/40168992#40168992&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow&lt;/a&gt;. I have made the switch to the desktop app version of Appium and it works well (and requires less setup). Either way, the issue is said to be fixed in more recent versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T15:15:58.993" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T15:35:11.063" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't want to repeat everything that's already been said but remember your ISTQB - Exhaustive Testing Is Impossible!&#xA;Bugs will find their way into Production, and not even a testing &lt;em&gt;team&lt;/em&gt; can stop that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That brings me onto the point I wanted to make. It sounds like you are the sole tester on the project, and that is going to reduce scenario coverage just by human nature - nobody can think of every scenario by themselves. That's why testers like to come in teams, so we can check each other's work.&#xA;Your manager needs to accept that if you are the sole QA checkpoint, things are going to get missed. Nobody is perfect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of confidence between you and management, you need to have an audit trail to back yourself up with. You should already be having management sign your test plan off before you start a project anyway, but how about getting a senior QA or analyst to look over it too?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last thing I'd say is that if you've made it this far, you have what it takes to be a QA. Don't give up, you will get used to it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25963" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T15:35:11.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27636" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T16:27:46.103" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The team should own the quality, not just the &quot;tester.&quot; The team includes all involved parties (pm, devs, qa, team lead, even stakeholders).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea that the tester owns quality fosters apathy in developers and leads to siloed workflow where developer neglects even simple i/o testing and &quot;throws it over the wall&quot; for the tester to say it works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do not hang your head low. You did not create the bug, rather - you identified it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for whether you should resign... It sounds like the environment in which you work focuses heavily on blame rather than finding solutions. If that is your cup of tea, stay. If that is not the company culture that you thrive in, perhaps it is time to look for something more rewarding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quick additional note to ask yourself: am I truly senior level status while doubting my own ability?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26032" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T16:27:46.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27638" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27640" CreationDate="2017-06-06T17:16:47.707" Score="9" ViewCount="7113" Body="&lt;p&gt;My organization is starting up an automation team, and we are still working on our structures and procedures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using Git to store automation code, and we seem to be of two minds; some feel we should put all our automation code in one repo, and others feel we should separate code into multiple repos.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the wrinkles: Much of the automation we will write is not for AUTs. It is for mission-critical third-party software, the actions of which may induce certain internally designed processes to do certain things. Most of these are integration layers between diverse third party applications. The overall software ecosystem is very large with diverse and mostly third-party applications.  As a result, there won't be hardly any shared code between the frameworks for each application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far the best argument for single-repository design is that we can run all tests at once from one repo. There is no scenario, though, where we would run all tests at once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am proposing separate repos for each application we will automate, with an additional &quot;common&quot; repository for whatever few things we can share.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there will be 6 automation developers, most of the time each will be the only one working on a particular application, for the small ones; but for the larger applications, there will likely be two or more working on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you agree with my camp of having separate repos? Can you give me pros and cons?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26035" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T09:26:26.883" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T23:23:21.570" Title="One repo or separate repos?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;&lt;testing-framework&gt;&lt;test-infrastructure&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27638" CreationDate="2017-06-06T18:12:09.150" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now you might not see much need for a single repository design. Later, you may find your opinion changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You might want to use a single repository if&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you need to keep your different projects in sync. It's more difficult to keep separate repositories in sync than a single repository. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your team members will need to switch between projects, particularly if they are having to regularly switch. The cost of switching project is significant enough without adding the need to make sure the correct source bindings follow. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you need to be able to view quickly retrieve the a branch of all the projects. This is much easier when you have one repository than when you need to get latest for multiple repositories.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you need to keep your branches in sync. It's a lot more complex maintaining a consistent branching policy when you're managing multiple repositories.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You might want to use multiple repositories if&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you don't and will not ever need to re-use code from one repository in a different repository.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;each team member is going to spend most of their time with one repository&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you have no need to use a centralized continuous build/continuous deployment process (and you don't foresee one) OR you are able to create a separate continuous build/deployment environment for each project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your separate projects use incompatible languages/development environments/life cycles.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can completely sandbox and isolate each project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What it will probably come down to is which strategy most of your team members can work with. It is probably easier to start with a single repository and split out new repositories at need than to move in the other direction, but there really aren't many significant issues in either direction. All the factors I've listed are primarily conveniences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T18:12:09.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27638" CreationDate="2017-06-06T18:25:04.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Running all tests at once is something that a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous Integration&lt;/a&gt; server should do for you, not something you do manual as it lets you wait for a long time. Let a server do the work and reporting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multiple repo's have the following &lt;strong&gt;advantages&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easier to schedule parallel-runs in a CI. Will be faster. (technically also possible with a single repo, but harder)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smaller, thus faster to work in with most IDE's (because they scan all the files often)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Possible to version against the common library repo. This needs some more explaining. With a single repository you need to update all the applications if you update the common shared code. If you for example have an application tested that doesn't need updating anymore ever you could use an older version of the shared code, but if you have one repository you need to update all the code to use the new changes to the common shared code. (&lt;strong&gt;I think this one might be important for you&lt;/strong&gt;, as it leads to less maintenance in the long run)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cons&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers might need to keep tens or more repo's update all the time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Harder and more time-consuming to set-up, although you could build a checkout script that updates all repo's at the same time. As if it was a single structure. You can also create &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/blog/git/alternatives-to-git-submodule-git-subtree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;submodules or subtree's with git&lt;/a&gt; as if it was a single repo, &lt;strong&gt;maybe worth investigating&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added complexity of a shared code library and versioning.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One repo feels more like working with files in a single folder with sub-folders. This meets the non-god coders mental model better.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Yagni.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt;: you can always separate the code later when you have a real proven need for it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neutral&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As git is very good with branches, multiple testers shouldn't be in each others way to much, aslong you merge daily with master.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My opinion&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I would favour a repo for each application, as I like to version my tests with the application. Keeping the code-base simple for this application and I would know I have only the code I need, making it easier to clean and remove code that has become obsolete. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I always advocate the YAGNI approach, which suggest to start with the simplest thing that might work first, because it might be good enough. Only add complexity if you really need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there is not a single good answer. I would try one or the other and evaluate regularly and adapt as necessary. It is not if one blocks the other. You can always split or combine in a later stage, just be open for this change and the slightly added work it will entail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T11:48:31.403" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T11:48:31.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27638" CreationDate="2017-06-06T18:25:28.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would apply KISS and YAGNI principle: Keep It Simple, and You Ain't Gonna Need It. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start with one, and split into separate repositories when you can see the business need for it, and benefits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with @KatePaulk with pros and cons, but when no obvious benefits, I would go with simpler solution: single repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T18:25:28.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-06T18:47:20.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the risk. What was the costs associate with these defects very high? Is the company now bankrupt? Did you kill a number of people? If not everything is fine. People make mistakes, it is only human.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the next step is not to quit, but to be responsible and learn from those mistakes. Do a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analyses&lt;/a&gt; and prevent similar mistakes from happening again in the future. You are the best to prevent this as you have experienced and learned from these mistakes. Hiring someone new might just lead to same mistakes again as they go trough the same learning cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say you are a senior analyst, but probably you are just an average medior like most people. Just because your title says your an expert, doesn't mean you are one. Real senior experts and master have written books on the topic, not you, or did you? You and me and everyone else still learn on a daily basis. This is a good chance to learn, grab it and grow to the next level to become a real master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quality is a shared responsibility. You didn't make the mistakes. The developers did, or did they? It was the boss putting the team under pressure, or was he? Testing is just the last line of defence, expect mistakes to come through, unless you practise &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_verification&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;formal verification&lt;/a&gt;. Something no normal company can afford.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T18:47:20.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27643" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27644" CreationDate="2017-06-06T19:08:10.877" Score="5" ViewCount="10464" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay I am running Chromedriver test that gathers console logs and then tests an assertion against pythons unittest. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class ConsoleLogsTest(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;&#xA;    @classmethod&#xA;    def setUpClass(cls):&#xA;        cls.driver = get_browser_driver()&#xA;        cls.base = BasePage(cls.driver, BASE_URL)&#xA;        cls.page = MultiplePages(cls.driver, BASE_URL)&#xA;        cls.verificationErrors = []&#xA;&#xA;    @classmethod&#xA;    def tearDownClass(cls):&#xA;        cls.driver.quit()&#xA;&#xA;    def test_logs_for_error(self):&#xA;        self.page.navigate()&#xA;        self.base.wait_for_footer()&#xA;        self.verificationErrors = self.page.check_for_severe_console_logs(&#xA;            BASE_URL)&#xA;        try:&#xA;            assert len(self.verificationErrors) == 0&#xA;        except AssertionError, e:&#xA;            for message in self.verificationErrors:&#xA;                print str(message)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;check_for_severe_console_logs&lt;/code&gt; returns a list of the entries from &lt;code&gt;self.driver.get_log('browser')&lt;/code&gt; and I'm trying to loop through my list all the errors (which includes the URI and the console error) as a failure to the test instead of the actual exception &lt;code&gt;# does not equal 0&lt;/code&gt; because that's not very useful. If I run test with nose and include the sdout (e.g. &lt;code&gt;nosetests -verbosity=1 -s&lt;/code&gt;) you it will print out my error message for every log. But if you run it without &lt;code&gt;nosetests -verbosity=1&lt;/code&gt; the test isn't actually failing it just says &quot;Ok&quot;. I tried adding &lt;code&gt;self.fail&lt;/code&gt; after the message loop but that didn't fix it. What am I doing wrong or know a better way to get useful errors?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: I figured out one way to do this is to use a custom exception so adding that solution here. But will probably go with @alecxe suggestion &lt;code&gt;self.assertEqual(self.verificationErrors, [])&lt;/code&gt; unless somebody has something better or how to do that without self. I added a custom exception at the top of the file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class ConsoleException(Exception):&#xA;&#xA;    def __init__(self, messages):&#xA;        self.value = ''&#xA;        for message in messages:&#xA;            self.value += '\r\n' + str(message)&#xA;&#xA;    def __str__(self):&#xA;        return str(self.value)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that I has to use str instead of repr as suggested in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/errors.html#user-defined-exceptions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;docs&lt;/a&gt; (and I'm worried that might cause problems if it finds lots) to get it to format how I wanted. And then I'm calling it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try:&#xA;    assert len(self.verificationErrors) == 0&#xA;except AssertionError:&#xA;    raise ConsoleException(self.verificationErrors)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want this to fail as an assertion error, you could also just make function . to loop through errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def loop_thru_messages(messages):&#xA;    value = ''&#xA;    for message in messages:&#xA;        value += '\r\n' + str(message)&#xA;    return str(value)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then run a function at the end of your assert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assert len(self.verificationErrors) == 0, loop_thru_messages(self.verificationErrors)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23813" LastEditorUserId="23813" LastEditDate="2018-10-15T17:01:14.700" LastActivityDate="2018-10-15T17:01:14.700" Title="Try Assert Exceptions not failing test in python unittest or better way to loop through failures" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27643" CreationDate="2017-06-06T19:19:22.763" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you just need to &lt;em&gt;re-raise the assertion error&lt;/em&gt; after printing out log messages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try:&#xA;    self.assertEqual(len(self.verificationErrors), 0)  # no errors&#xA;except AssertionError as e:&#xA;    for message in self.verificationErrors:&#xA;        print(str(message))&#xA;    raise  # &amp;lt; HERE&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you want to check for severe console messages after every single test, see if it would make sense to do it in a &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.html#unittest.TestCase.tearDown&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;tear down&quot; function of your test case&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, you may also assert &lt;code&gt;self.verificationErrors&lt;/code&gt; is an &lt;em&gt;empty list&lt;/em&gt;. In case of failure, you would get to see all the messages on a console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.assertEqual(self.verificationErrors, []) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-06T19:24:49.600" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T19:24:49.600" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27582" CreationDate="2017-06-06T21:51:43.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer over at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/38781539/1106708&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;path_to_driver&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer to put the drivers in a folder (like, C:\Selenium) and add that folder to my system &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.java.com/en/download/help/path.xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PATH&lt;/a&gt; and not define it in code. This makes it easier to run on different systems as each system has its own PATH defined (as pointed out in the comments of the answer I linked).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T21:51:43.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27590" CreationDate="2017-06-06T22:01:39.137" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using the DevTool's Console in Chrome, I can confirm this selector works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;document.querySelector(&quot;#container &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div:nth-child(7) &amp;gt; section &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in Selenium code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver element = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#container &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div:nth-child(7) &amp;gt; section &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; div&quot;));&#xA;element.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I noticed is that the element is not visible in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_rwd_viewport.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ViewPort&lt;/a&gt;. So, you'll likely need to do one of the following solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scroll to the element before clicking it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and/or Click via JavaScript&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-06T22:01:39.137" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27647" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27648" CreationDate="2017-06-07T00:39:12.100" Score="3" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium and I am using selenium to do the testing but I am confused right now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the website I am working on contains lots of data, however all of them are from database. Users need to click some buttons or select values from drop down list, then the front-end with send request with these parameters. Database will return different values due to different parameters. After front-end receives these values, front-end will process them to graphs or show them directly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used selenium to complete the click or select parts, but how can I verify the data come from the database? use SQL with selenium code? But I heard that selenium should not do this.&#xA;I thought about data-driven, but it seems the only part i can use is login part.&#xA;Can someone tell my what kinds of things that selenium should test? Or in my case, selenium is not a good choice at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sorry. Although I know this question is too board, but I really need some advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26042" LastEditorUserId="26042" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T01:01:26.487" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T17:20:56.707" Title="In what circumstances we should use selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27648" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27647" CreationDate="2017-06-07T01:01:44.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is software framework that is commonly used for webpage testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can combine Selenium framework with other frameworks, in your case, DB testing frameworks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But I heard that selenium should not do this.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can carefully design your Selenium testing framework with DB testing framework that they will work together independently. Using Selenium framework with other testing framework is not a taboo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I can suggest:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using data-driven test approach as you said.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build a front end testing suite using Selenium, execute tests, read back graphical information, convert them if necessary and compare results against expected values from your test data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With Selenium, you can also verify buttons are clickable, URLs are reachable and graphs are displayed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build a back end testing suite using a DB testing framework of your choice, execute tests and compare results against expected values from your test data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium test suite and DB test suite are built and executed independently, e.g. they are two separate test suites.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Scenario Walkthrough:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say, you are testing a website that requires you to make a selection from a dropdown list and a graph is printed in return.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can use Selenium to navigate to this URL, click on a dropdown list, make a selection, reads back the grapth displayed, converts it to a numerical value and compare it against your expected value from you test data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Or, you can make a direct SQL query from your DB test suites to the DB server, compare the returned result against your expected value from your test data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Front-end need to use the data from database. If the DB testing and Selenium test are built and executed independently, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can selenium know the data sent from database? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If selenium cannot know the data, then how can selenium compare with&#xA;the data showing in the graph and data received from database? Or&#xA;should I use data driven test to do this part?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Say, below it is the website under test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the button is clicked, this webpage will fetch a whole bunch of numerical data from its database, convert numerical data into a graph and display it on the website. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WdHgg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WdHgg.png&quot; alt=&quot;System under test&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you take over, you have developed two test suites, one is Selenium test suite and another one is Database test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have created a data file that contains some pre-conditions and expected results. How you collected those data? You can achieve those data from playing with the website and / or making SQL query into the backend database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium test suite will click the button, read the generated graph, convert the bars on this graph back to numerical values and compare those numerical values against expected results. Selenium does not know how the graph is drawn or where the data come from; hence front end testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Database test suite will simply make direct SQL queries into the database; those SQL queries will fetch the same bunch of raw numerical data from the database; database test suite can then compare them against expected values from the test data file. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may wonder what kind of SQL queries you need to pass onto the database server in order to fetch the same set of data, you may need to ask this webpage's developer in order to learn which SQL queries to use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jUVjm.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jUVjm.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T17:20:56.707" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T17:20:56.707" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-07T01:14:40.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software gets released with bugs all the time. It's normal. Sometimes little bugs are in production for years before anyone even notices. If you found the bug before the customers noticed, then you've made a win for the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be great if I could write perfect bug free code, but I can't. That's why I need QA. It would be great if QA always found every bug, but you can't, because you're​ no more perfect than I am. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking as a developer, I wouldn't want you to have a personal crisis, I'd simply want you to report the bugs to me so I have a chance to fix them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26043" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T01:14:40.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27638" CreationDate="2017-06-07T02:15:16.577" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to the awesome and very detailed existing answers. There is a well-known success story of using a single large repository - &lt;strong&gt;Facebook&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Google&lt;/strong&gt;. As of 2014, Facebook's main repository was 54 GB in size. As of 2016, &lt;a href=&quot;https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2016/7/204032-why-google-stores-billions-of-lines-of-code-in-a-single-repository/fulltext&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google's main repository had 35 millions commits&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most important advantages of having a single repo is &lt;strong&gt;atomic commits across multiple projects&lt;/strong&gt;. If a feature consists of changes into multiple projects, you can do it via a single commit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other advantages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;single source of truth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unified versioning and dependency management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;greater collaboration between teams, code sharing and reuse&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both of these companies are, of course, &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.bradfieldcs.com/you-are-not-google-84912cf44afb?utm_source=mybridge&amp;amp;utm_medium=ios&amp;amp;utm_campaign=read_more&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;special cases&lt;/em&gt; because of the scale&lt;/a&gt;, but we may learn some lessons from how they organize, maintain and store code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow-up read about having a single large repository:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.atlassian.com/blog/2015/10/monorepos-in-git/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Monorepos in Git&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wired.com/2015/09/google-2-billion-lines-codeand-one-place/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Is 2 Billion Lines of Code—And It’s All in One Place&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://danluu.com/monorepo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Advantages of monolithic version control&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.facebook.com/posts/218678814984400/scaling-mercurial-at-facebook/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scaling Mercurial at Facebook&lt;/a&gt; (they did a lot of improvements to &lt;code&gt;mercurial&lt;/code&gt; over the years)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T23:23:21.570" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T23:23:21.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24794" CreationDate="2017-06-07T02:47:11.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is definitely a &lt;em&gt;version incompatibility/mismatch&lt;/em&gt;. The error has nothing to do with your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen a similar symptom (actually, same error message) when versions of &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Chrome&lt;/code&gt; itself were not compatible - in that case we needed to upgrade &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/43533775/771848&quot;&gt;Protractor 5.1.1 doesn't work with Chrome 58&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from that, install the latest &lt;code&gt;protractor&lt;/code&gt;, make sure you are using latest Chrome and &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T02:47:11.230" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26894" CreationDate="2017-06-07T02:52:24.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Choosing the best, most reliable and readable locator is not always straightforward. Here, I would rely on the &lt;code&gt;nav-*&lt;/code&gt; classes and use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=ProtractorBy.prototype.cssContainingText&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;by.cssContainingText&lt;/code&gt; strategy&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var sellingBranches = element(by.cssContainingText(&quot;.nav-item a.nav-link &amp;gt; span&quot;, &quot;Selling Branches&quot;));&#xA;sellingBranches.click();&#xA;&#xA;var byBranch = element(by.cssContainingText(&quot;.nav-item a.nav-link &amp;gt; span&quot;, &quot;By Branch&quot;));&#xA;byBranch.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that, for better reusability and to follow the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY principle&lt;/a&gt;, it would probably be a good idea to define a function (or a &lt;em&gt;&quot;Page Object&quot; method&lt;/em&gt; if following the concept) to select a navigation menu item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T02:52:24.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24667" CreationDate="2017-06-07T03:05:56.060" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You just need to remove all files in the &quot;Downloads&quot; directory inside the &lt;code&gt;onPrepare()&lt;/code&gt; function which you define inside your &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/lib/config.ts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor configuration file&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's use the synchronous &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/liangzan/807712&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;rmDir&lt;/code&gt; function&lt;/a&gt; suggested here (feel free to use a different method):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var fs = require('fs');&#xA;&#xA;function rmDir (dirPath) {&#xA;  try { var files = fs.readdirSync(dirPath); }&#xA;  catch(e) { return; }&#xA;  if (files.length &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;    for (var i = 0; i &amp;lt; files.length; i++) {&#xA;      var filePath = dirPath + '/' + files[i];&#xA;      if (fs.statSync(filePath).isFile())&#xA;        fs.unlinkSync(filePath);&#xA;      else&#xA;        rmDir(filePath);&#xA;    }&#xA;  fs.rmdirSync(dirPath);&#xA;}; &#xA;&#xA;module.exports = {&#xA;  // ...&#xA;&#xA;  onPrepare: function () {&#xA;    rmDir('C:/Users/.../Downloads');&#xA;  },&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also probably a good idea to avoid specifying the path to the &quot;Downloads&quot; directory multiple times and in multiple places (see: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY principle&lt;/a&gt;) - see if you can have it inside a configuration file and reuse, or define as an &lt;em&gt;environment variable&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T03:05:56.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27294" CreationDate="2017-06-07T07:07:36.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both options provided already are quite good and will net you a good amount of information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is also another option to test that should be built into any system with OpenSSL installed (most easily executed from your favorite Linux flavor), which I assume a Jenkins install is on.  OpenSSL has a tool called s_client which can net you quite a bit of information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use it, simply invoke it like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;openssl s_client -connect www.mywebsite.com:443&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-connect will also allow you to use an IP (e.g. 10.20.30.40:443) and you can also force usage of specific ciphers, cert files or key, CAs, etc should you need to test those.  This wiki page should help get you going on other options as well: &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.openssl.org/index.php/Manual:S_client(1)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OpenSSL s_client Wiki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;edit&lt;/em&gt;:  Forgot to add that wrapping this with a tool like &quot;timeout&quot; from the coreutils package can help with automation.  When attempting to establish a connection, it may take quite a while before it fully &quot;fails&quot; or can't negotiate properly.  So doing something like this will time out at the 3 second mark and give you what it has:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;timeout 3 openssl s_client -connect www.mywebsite.com:443&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1953" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T07:07:36.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27655" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-07T07:10:02.653" Score="9" ViewCount="1141" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some experience (less than two years) as a Java developer but relatively new in Testing (experience of 3-4 months in Manual Testing). I have been assigned role of a Test Manager for a new project for which the actual coding will start in approximately three months. Now, as I have some free time I would like to utilize it properly. Please note, it will be an Agile Test Development and will involve automation testing with Fitnesse Tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What preparation can I do as of now for Testing in order to&#xA;utilize this time ? I am currently going through the Use cases in&#xA;order to understand the software to be tested. Also Test Plan is&#xA;already in my mind.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any other things ? Any other Documents which will be certainly&#xA;required in future and I can start preparing it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can one start writing Test cases already from Use cases ? Does it&#xA;make sense ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26047" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T13:56:49.943" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T13:56:49.943" Title="Test Planning of a new project before coding starts" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27655" CreationDate="2017-06-07T07:30:35.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) What preparation can I do as of now for Testing in order to utilize this time? I am currently going through the Use cases in order to understand the software to be tested. Also Test Plan is already in my mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can start from getting to know your team member better, maybe build a skill matrix. Who is the best candidate to perform manual test, who can do test automation and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Getting to know the developers can be helpful as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify stakeholders.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have access to design documents, start reading them through.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Any other things? Any other Documents which will be cretainly required in future and I can start preparing it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can start thinking about (or actually doing) what management tools you are going to use, e.g. bug reporting, bug tracking, communication tool and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up some guidelines can be of help too, e.g. in which format a bug should be reported.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Can one start writing Test cases already from Use cases? Does it make sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definitely make sense, ideally, there is no better time to start writing test case as soon as design requirement is conceived. You will be surprised how many test cases you can get from design documents.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are previous test cases, you can surely use them as references or even re-use them right away.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T07:30:35.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27655" CreationDate="2017-06-07T07:58:35.073" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some test-specific activities for the startup phase of an Agile project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test management&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think about managing the test efforts and results in the Agile process. Will you write many test cases (in detail) - which might demand a lot of effort to maintain as requirements are changed during the project. Personally I would recommend something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/sbtm/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;session based test management&lt;/a&gt; which is very lightweight in documentation but perfect for a hands-on testing approach in Agile. With a proper dashboard it's quite easy to follow up key metrics as test manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prepare your test automation framework&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you have already decided on the tool, a proof of concept is no longer necessary. You should, however, consider setting up a &lt;strong&gt;framework&lt;/strong&gt;, that will allow for swift test creation and decent &lt;strong&gt;reporting&lt;/strong&gt; (which isn't always easy). Try to decide on key factors such as the format of your test data (in case you would need a database, now's the time to get it arranged).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Make agreements about test automation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know FitNesse, but here we use Selenium. So an important agreement with the developers is that they provide ID attributes to elements where possible, to make the automation process much quicker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Make agreements about testing in the Agile process&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sit together with your team and decide on how you will deal with testing in sprints. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Definition of done&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do automated tests have to be written to complete a story?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what amount/level of open bugs is acceptable to complete a story?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;acceptance criteria are a must: why not have developers check them together with the analyst before handing a story over to the testers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the bug fixing priorities for developers (fixed time slot every day, zero-bug policy, ...).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous integration: if possible, you as tester should be able to decide when to pull checked-in functionalities into your testing environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might want to provide some training or exercises for the testers, e.g. to get familiar with FitNesse, SQL or exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T07:58:35.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27660" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-07T12:57:45.777" Score="2" ViewCount="976" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently attended an interview and they asked me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do you reduce the time of your regression suite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I answered that we trigger only the high level jobs and rest of of our regression we do manually but the interviewer was not happy with my answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that the interviewer asked about the architecture of my project. I don't understand why they asked me this after asking how we reduce the time the regression suite takes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25565" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T12:06:53.660" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T12:07:18.787" Title="How to reduce the time of our regression tests - interview question" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27661" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9007" CreationDate="2017-06-07T13:06:07.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;try-catch this timeout exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    try{&#xA;     // your code with timeout exception&#xA;    } catch {&#xA;      case e: Throwable =&amp;gt; {&#xA;&#xA;        println(Console.RED + &quot;  Alert-окно! &quot; + Console.RESET)&#xA;&#xA;        // println(Console.MAGENTA_B + &quot;press...&quot; + Console.RESET); Console.in.readLine()&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;          println(&quot;  13 alert. close trying &quot;)&#xA;          println(&quot;e.getCause: &quot; + e.getCause)&#xA;          remote20.switchTo().alert().accept()&#xA;          remote20.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;          remote20.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS)&#xA;        } catch {&#xA;          case e: Throwable =&amp;gt; {&#xA;            println(&quot;  13 alert. no alert-window&quot;)&#xA;          }&#xA;        }&#xA;        // println(Console.MAGENTA_B + &quot;press...&quot; + Console.RESET); Console.in.readLine()&#xA;&#xA;      }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21780" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T13:06:07.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27660" CreationDate="2017-06-07T13:10:28.260" Score="-3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Question 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Architecture means: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-How does look your automated test project. Do you trigger test remote or locally, Do you use CI system, how many servers etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question 1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- You can use webdriver wait instead of Thread.Sleep&#xA;&#xA;- You can run your test headless (phantomjs or firefox xvfb)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19543" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T13:10:28.260" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27655" CreationDate="2017-06-07T13:20:58.317" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some &lt;em&gt;practical things&lt;/em&gt; you may do during the project planning phase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual/Exploratory Testing Strategies&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a good time to brush up your and your teammates manual testing skills, go over common manual testing techniques, here are some related topics to get you started:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://openconcept.ca/sites/openconcept/files/software_testing_cheat_sheet.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software testing cheat sheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27507/strategies-and-techniques-for-exploratory-testing-how-to-find-new-bugs&quot;&gt;Strategies and Techniques for Exploratory Testing (How to find new bugs?)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Heuristics Cheat Sheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Automation Design Considerations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decide on a language/framework that will be used for test automation. Explore test automation patterns like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Objects&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27488/screen-play-vs-page-object-pattern&quot;&gt;Screen Play&lt;/a&gt;. Explore &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BDD style&lt;/a&gt; test automation and decide if this is something you want to use. Think of where are you going to store and maintain test automation code, project structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue Tracker Workflow&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also a good time to meet with developers and decide on your Issue Tracker Workflow - how are you going to move issues around the project - how an issue will get to testing, back to development or mark as something you want to have an automated test for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T13:20:58.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27660" CreationDate="2017-06-07T13:39:33.127" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do you reduce the time of your regression suite?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This may depend on what technologies the regression suite is based on. There can be &lt;strong&gt;technology/tool specific optimizations&lt;/strong&gt;, like using faster database drivers, test runners, language/interpreter optimizations, or, as @siutex mentioned use Explicit Waits instead of hardcoded time delays, which tend to wait more than needed. Let's not go this way further and stay on a high-level&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The first thing to mention would probably be to &quot;scale&quot; your regression test suite - &lt;strong&gt;divide the regression test suite between CPUs or separate machines&lt;/strong&gt;. For instance, in Python both &lt;code&gt;nose&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;pytest&lt;/code&gt; test runners support parallelization between multiple CPUs or hosts (&lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-xdist&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pytest-xdist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reduce the effect of a network&lt;/strong&gt; - decrease the negative performance effect of the network traffic between the components of your system. For instance, let your test database be on the same server as your web application under test. Look into using &lt;em&gt;containers&lt;/em&gt; (thinking &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.docker.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;docker&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Find and remove &lt;strong&gt;repetitive/redundant test &quot;set up&quot; and &quot;tear down&quot; procedures&lt;/strong&gt;. As a practical example that I stumble upon in our Python regression test suite - oftentimes things that were executed in every test method of a class (&lt;code&gt;setUp&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tearDown&lt;/code&gt; methods) did not need to be executed for every method and could be applied once per test class only (&lt;code&gt;setUpClass&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tearDownClass&lt;/code&gt; methods)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And, of course, &lt;strong&gt;profile and measure to understand the bottlenecks&lt;/strong&gt; - detect slowest parts of your test suite and figure out why are they slow and see if you can apply optimizations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also note that &lt;em&gt;you never-ever want your test suite optimizations to effect the quality and reliability of the tests&lt;/em&gt;. For instance, &lt;code&gt;sqlite3&lt;/code&gt; might be easier and faster than spinning up a full-fledged MySQL or PostgreSQL for test purposes, but you might not catch database or database-driver related issue in your regression test suite which may potentially lead to hair-pulling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-07T13:58:43.350" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T13:58:43.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27660" CreationDate="2017-06-07T14:22:22.830" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Starting from your first question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your answer did not give the interviewers any indication that you understand the technology challenges behind your automation suite. They were expecting answers that would cover possible technical solutions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changing from a full browser to a headless browser stack&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Optimizing code to reduce inefficiencies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Removing static waits from code (e.g replacing &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep&lt;/code&gt; with a dynamic wait)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Running multiple tests concurrently instead of a single-threaded run of all tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using distributed systems to farm and manage your test runs, up to and including container farms over the cloud&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimizing the number of times lengthy setup and tear down routines have to run in a suite (while keeping your tests independent)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regular refactoring and deprecating obsolete or never-failing tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjusting scheduling to run a light suite of must-have tests on a per-build basis and longer test suites overnight or on some other schedule&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any of these answers would have been more satisfactory to the interviewers than the one you gave. Your answer would have left the interviewers with the impression that you did not know how to improve your test suite's performance or run time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which leads into the second question: the interviewers wanted to know more about the architecture of your regression system. You mentioned in a comment on one of the answers that they wanted a drawing. This is because the simplest way to illustrate any kind of architecture is with a diagram.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They were expecting you to know such things as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether your build server worked on a continuous build, continuous deploy, scheduled, or on demand basis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether your regression suite used distributed on local resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How individual test allocation within the suite was handled (e.g. all tests run on one client system, all tests run on the server, a random selection of tests run on each server)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What design patterns you used in building your tests, such as page object patterns, and whether you have it all in one big project or you separate your page objects so they can be called from multiple separate test suites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many other things you could have covered, including the advantages and disadvantages of the software and hardware architecture your tests are using and the reasons for the decisions. That kind of answer would have indicated to the interviewers that you understood what you were doing with your automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer you did give to their first question implied that you didn't understand what you were doing, and your inability to answer or understand their second question probably confirmed that impression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might seem harsh, but this is how interviews work. The interviewers are looking for reasons &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; to hire you. In this interview, you gave them reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T14:22:22.830" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-07T15:25:09.730" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any employer who makes a tester (or a developer for that matter) feel bad about finding bugs deserves all its testers to leave and find a better employer. Everyone should feel good about finding bugs, whatever stage of the process you find them. If people feel guilty about finding bugs, they'll stop finding them, and that's the last thing you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24789" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T15:25:09.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-07T20:09:59.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;No system built by human hand is perfect.  Look at how many times your apps are updated on your phone - and these are all release candidates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked in a company that sounds similar to yours in that the senior management want a product that was 100% correct; delivered without any form of plan (i.e. 'I want this new feature now but you need to complete these other tasks as well'); and expected it all yesterday without additional incentives such as overtime etc.  They failed to understand that these demands were not only impossible but also demoralizing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They also criticized if we failed or bugs were found, so much so that we started to hide the fact that when we found bugs, we only corrected those that helped our working environment and left bugs that would have improved the client-facing parts of the product. Spiteful, childish and very bad practise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They also didn't listen to advice on introducing anything as remarkable as Agile Development, Sprint Cycles or even some compromising form of project management and delivery cycle - despite the software teams best efforts to introduce and use such tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is familiar, you could do what I did - I left the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26074" LastActivityDate="2017-06-07T20:09:59.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26184" CreationDate="2017-06-08T01:12:12.880" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nose&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;a href=&quot;https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#note-to-users&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;no longer maintained&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nose has been in maintenance mode for the past several years and will&#xA;  likely cease without a new person/team to take over maintainership.&#xA;  New projects should consider using &lt;code&gt;Nose2&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;py.test&lt;/code&gt;, or just plain&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;unittest/unittest2&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though &lt;code&gt;unittest&lt;/code&gt; from the Python standard library is a very mature test framework with built-in test runner and test discovery capabilities, &lt;em&gt;the biggest player in the Python testing world is currently &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pytest&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pytest&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;em&gt;actively developed and maintained&lt;/em&gt;. It is compatible with both &lt;code&gt;unittest&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;nose&lt;/code&gt; test suites, has built-in test discovery and has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/plugins.html#extplugins&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;rich set of 150+ plugins&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a fresh book on &lt;code&gt;pytest&lt;/code&gt;, check it out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/bopytest/python-testing-with-pytest&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python Testing with pytest&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-15T03:50:28.890" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T03:50:28.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25556" CreationDate="2017-06-08T01:33:26.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find all the elements matching your locator and then &lt;em&gt;filter out the visible one&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elements = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(&quot;selector&quot;)&#xA;visible_elements = [element for element in elements if element.is_displayed()]&#xA;&#xA;visible_elements[0].click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, using &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#next&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;next()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;elements = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(&quot;selector&quot;)&#xA;visible_element = next(element for element in elements if element.is_displayed())&#xA;&#xA;visible_element.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T01:33:26.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27672" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27734" CreationDate="2017-06-08T04:22:58.150" Score="6" ViewCount="446" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a rather big test codebase (~1500 test cases) for a Python/Django application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From time to time we stumble upon existing &lt;em&gt;tests that will never fail&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests with missing assertions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests that assert not what they supposed to assert&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;logical errors resulting into assertions not being applied&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an effective (preferably &lt;em&gt;automated&lt;/em&gt;) way to find these kind of tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T22:32:15.703" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T22:32:15.703" Title="Detecting tests that will never fail" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;code&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27673" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-08T05:38:29.240" Score="0" ViewCount="5511" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on selenium. I am using linux os. I am using firefox driver for automated testing my app. My firefox version is 53.0.3 (64 bit). When I run the code the Firefox browser open and don't pass the URL, meanwhile getting an error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My selenium code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Firefox driver&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;    driver =new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Console error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.IllegalStateException: The driver executable does not exist: /home/naveen/IdeaProjects/QberTestCase/pathToGeckodriver&#xA;    at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState(Preconditions.java:199)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.checkExecutable(DriverService.java:121)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.findExecutable(DriverService.java:116)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService.access$000(GeckoDriverService.java:37)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService$Builder.findDefaultExecutable(GeckoDriverService.java:95)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:296)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.createCommandExecutor(FirefoxDriver.java:277)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:247)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:242)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:238)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:127)&#xA;    at util.DriverManager.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(DriverManager.java:39)&#xA;    at steps.LoginSteps.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(LoginSteps.java:13)&#xA;    at user.userTest.initDriver(userTest.java:25)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:100)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:515)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:216)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:143)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:307)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:270)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1284)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1209)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1124)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1096)&#xA;    at org.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:72)&#xA;    at org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:127)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Test ignored.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T10:19:25.980" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T07:16:43.323" Title="Firefox browser opens but URL is not launched" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27672" CreationDate="2017-06-08T05:45:26.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to present a generic system under test and its test suite as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test suite injects inputs into system under test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System under test generates outputs based on inputs from test suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test suite applies Assertions onto the system outputs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Based on Assertions results, tests pass / fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AgRQv.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AgRQv.png&quot; alt=&quot;SystemAndTestSuite&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The symptoms of &lt;strong&gt;tests with missing assertions&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;logical errors resulting into assertions not being applied&lt;/strong&gt; is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No conclusive test result, an assertion produces &lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt;, or binary results in other forms.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Introduce an automated test result scan may help, e.g. Look for tests that produce no conclusive binary results.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tests that assert not what they supposed to assert&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Introduce an automated script that inverts outputs under test from the system under tests; tests that are not asserting what they are supposed to assert should produce the same result as before. But I am not sure if it is possible to modify the system under test this way, or how much additional effort it is needed to do so.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LoWyg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LoWyg.png&quot; alt=&quot;Invertion&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T05:45:26.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27675" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27684" CreationDate="2017-06-08T06:16:38.760" Score="3" ViewCount="5610" Body="&lt;p&gt;I met a problem when I try to get an attribute of one tag. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the html code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;rect x=&quot;66.5&quot; y=&quot;43.5&quot; width=&quot;26&quot; height=&quot;13&quot; fill=&quot;#86E067&quot; stroke=&quot;#ffffff&quot; stroke-width=&quot;1&quot; class=&quot;highcharts-point &quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/rect&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the xpath for that html: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id=&quot;highcharts-z14trt3-4&quot;]/svg/g[6]/g[1]/rect[2]. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I copied this xpath from Chrome directly, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to get the attribute &lt;strong&gt;height&lt;/strong&gt;, and here is what I did: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement test = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[starts-with(@id,'highcharts')]/svg/g[6]/g[1]/rect[2]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I cannot use tagName as there are many tags called rect. Meanwhile, I cannot use the exactly same XPath as the id is dynamic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the result is that selenium says cannot locate the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the way I try to locate this element wrong? Any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26042" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T09:01:32.087" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T23:30:43.663" Title="Cannot get attribute value when using xpath" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27675" CreationDate="2017-06-08T06:26:37.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Your XPath is not valid. You are missing a &lt;code&gt;'&lt;/code&gt; after the word &lt;code&gt;highcharts&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;You are using &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt;. Can you try using an explicit wait for the element to become visible? If your implicit waiting time is 0, &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; immediately throws an exception (it doesn't retry) which is understandable if your &lt;code&gt;rect&lt;/code&gt; isn't loaded already when your page is ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T09:21:50.560" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T09:21:50.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27673" CreationDate="2017-06-08T08:16:27.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try replacing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.firefox.marionette&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;pathToGeckodriver&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24880" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T08:16:27.370" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27673" CreationDate="2017-06-08T08:58:02.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add proper code to launch your Firefox driver using Geckodriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;path of/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(URL);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your are connected with RemoteWebDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;path of/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;DesiredCapabilities capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;marionette&quot;, true);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T08:58:02.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27680" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-08T10:57:22.017" Score="9" ViewCount="32049" Body="&lt;p&gt;In one of my interviews, I was asked this question What to do when the defect is found in production but not during the QA phase?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I answered it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for impact on the system. And if is of high severity and high priority, call for a hotfix.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do a retrospective meeting and find the root cause for the defect and also make sure that we have test scenario's and test cases ready for regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform a quick regression on QA Environment for the hotfix and make sure that build is stable and no new defects introduced because of the defect.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA gives approval for moving build to PROD Environment and performs regression testing and signoff for the release.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure whether this is the approach that we need to follow. Can someone help me with the best approaches need to follow in this kind of situations?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26090" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-17T11:28:22.400" LastActivityDate="2020-08-18T15:40:57.417" Title="What to do when defect is found in production but not during the QA phase?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27683" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-08T11:44:13.123" Score="1" ViewCount="1063" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recorded a script using Selenium IDE and exported it in Java. Now when I want to run it on webDriver, a pop-up box is displayed-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Uf4DA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Uf4DA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when I select an option and click on ok &quot;Build failed&quot; message is displayed.&#xA;I do not have any idea how to resolve this as I am a beginner in selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T10:39:48.440" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T10:39:48.440" Title="How to fix 'Java build failed' in Eclipse after converting selenium IDE script?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27675" CreationDate="2017-06-08T11:52:16.390" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;svg&lt;/code&gt; has a &lt;em&gt;default namespace&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&lt;/code&gt;. You need to handle &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML_namespace&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;namespaces&lt;/a&gt;. Either with a prefix:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[starts-with(@id,'highcharts')]/svg:svg/svg:g[6]/svg:g[1]/svg:rect[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, with &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XPath/Functions/local-name&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;local-name()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[starts-with(@id,'highcharts')]/*[local-name() = 'svg']/*[local-name() = 'g'][6]/*[local-name() = 'g'][1]/*[local-name() = 'rect'][2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T23:30:43.663" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T23:30:43.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26526" CreationDate="2017-06-08T12:25:44.600" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In any qa services, the terminology compatibility version testing is basically used for checking whether the features of app supports the latest version or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in order to test it below scenarios can be verified:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Generally if any user is using an old version build then a pop-up should be shown when user open the app using any older version. Verify that the latest version is mentioned in the app once update is complete. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify all the basic features of the app are fully functional: execution of smoke or sanity checklist can be done every time the version &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify all the features that are added in latest build version (it is generally mentioned by developers in their release notes ) in order to make sure that all required changes are available in the latest build version.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some of the apps have the feature of rolling back to previous build. If this feature is available in your app, then make sure to test this as well. In this scenario, basic test has to be done to make sure all latest changes are not shown again and user is able to move back to previous build anytime.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T12:25:44.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27686" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-08T13:11:12.147" Score="4" ViewCount="1044" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have looked and read in the internet that using static code analysis data, we can predict what modules in the application are defect prone. When I try to imagine of dataset,it is getting difficult to fit it as 2 dimensional. Since each build can have many modules and for each module we will be having source code metrics and defects count. My doubts are&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can we some how build a meaningful 2D dataset for analysis (like&#xA;regression) and prediction ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it just a theory or machine learning is being actually leveraged for this ? If yes, what techniques/use cases are currently under use ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the other practical factors that needs to be considered for defect prediction analysis and can we collect them in reality ? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be very helpful if you could point out some detailed articles on this,if any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I am posting this here because people with great expertise in testing can only advise on where to look at for defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26096" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T14:24:11.267" Title="How machine learning can help in predicting defect prone modules in applications before testing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;data-analysis&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27687" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-08T13:30:47.737" Score="-1" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;My list is always different, I can't use an id because it will always change, I can't use the xpath of that element. I need to find a way to always take the first element and set it in the location I am telling him to. &#xA;I attached a print screen with what I want to do. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tpSP4.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tpSP4.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26094" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T13:58:41.583" Title="How can I drag the first element of a list, to a location on my calendar using selenium ide?" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-06-09T04:09:42.907" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27686" CreationDate="2017-06-08T13:31:07.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a graph with number of bugs on the left vertical y axis&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would then have lines for factors that are relevant, e.g. lines of code, number of statements, line length, number of variables, global variables, etc.  You could also have a formula that multiplies them together to give one line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would stay away from trying to do multi-dimensional models unless you have the experience and knowledge needed and have already done this with a 2d model.  The details for 3d are important and don't fit well into a Stack Exchange question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T13:31:07.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27686" CreationDate="2017-06-08T13:32:39.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Thoughts on error-prone modules detection&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One line of &amp;quot;defect prone modules&amp;quot; analysis may use the &lt;em&gt;code complexity analysis&lt;/em&gt; to classify a module as &amp;quot;error-prone&amp;quot; or not. This would be based on the fact that a &lt;em&gt;more complex code tend to have more potential bugs&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several metrics in the code complexity analysis that we can use as parameters for machine learning algorithms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclomatic_complexity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cyclomatic code complexity&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/101830/what-does-the-cyclomatic-complexity-of-my-code-mean&quot;&gt;What does the 'cyclomatic complexity' of my code mean?&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cyclomatic complexity is a software metric (measurement) which is a quantitative &lt;em&gt;measure of the number of linearly independent paths through a program's source code&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb385914.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maintainability Index&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maintainability Index calculates an index value between 0 and 100 that represents the relative ease of maintaining the code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb385914.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lines of Code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A very high count might indicate that a type or method is trying to do too much work and should be split up. It might also indicate that the type or method might be hard to maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Existing projects&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://google-engtools.blogspot.com/2011/12/bug-prediction-at-google.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bug prediction at Google&lt;/a&gt; article, they've been successful in using the modified &amp;quot;Rahman&amp;quot; algorithm that was based on the &lt;em&gt;number of times a module has been changed&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We implemented the Rahman algorithm by creating a program that hooked&#xA;into our source control system, and pulls out all the changes which&#xA;had a bug attached to them. It looks at each bug number, and verifies&#xA;with the bug-tracking database that it was really a bug, and filters&#xA;out everything else, such as feature requests. It then looks at all&#xA;the files that appeared in these changes, and filters out those that&#xA;have been deleted and are no longer at HEAD. For each file, the number&#xA;of bug-fixing changes it's been in is calculated, and we output the&#xA;files which were ranked in the top 10%.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This article became an inspiration for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/igrigorik/bugspots&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;bugspots&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/benallard/hotfiles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;hotfiles&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SoftwareIntrospectionLab/FixCache&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;FixCache&lt;/code&gt; project&lt;/a&gt; (not maintained).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also the &lt;a href=&quot;http://mast-group.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MAST group&lt;/a&gt; (Machine learning techniques for the Analysis of Source code Text) which published several machine learning models and algorithms for source-code analysis. I don't see something specific to detecting tendencies to errors in source code, but there are some interesting and related algorithms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More articles on the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/icse05churn.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Use of Relative Code Churn Measures to Predict System Defect Density&lt;/a&gt; (there are also a lot of articles mentioned and linked in the paper)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.defectprediction.net/2015/12/static-code-analysis-versus-machine.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Static code analysis versus machine learning defect prediction&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T13:44:30.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27672" CreationDate="2017-06-08T13:46:57.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read somewhere a suggestion that any test which did not failed for a year should be a candidate for elimination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not automatically eliminated - maybe for some critical functionality you want multiple tests and multiple checks (defense in depth - assuming that one of the duplicate tests checking same condition might fail to detect the error) but &quot;a&quot; good candidate for elimination.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T14:08:06.883" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T14:08:06.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27672" CreationDate="2017-06-08T13:53:48.393" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another idea which we have not yet applied in practice is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mutation Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mutation testing (or Mutation analysis or Program mutation)&lt;/em&gt; is used to&#xA;  design new software tests and evaluate the quality of existing&#xA;  software tests. Mutation testing involves modifying a program in small&#xA;  ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which in practice means that if there was a mutation/change (typically a common programming error) introduced in a code and a test did not react to a change (or set of these changes) - it is a sign of a test that potentially is not properly testing a module under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Python world, there is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sixty-north/cosmic-ray&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;cosmic-ray&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; mutation testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T13:53:48.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27687" CreationDate="2017-06-08T13:58:41.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question is a dupe of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/2622/8992&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/2622/8992&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can drag with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# example is in ruby&#xA;driver.action.drag_and_drop(element, target).perform&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#drag-and-drop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#drag-and-drop&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But not sure if that is available in the seleniumIDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your other question (its better if you only ask 1 thing per question btw) is how to deal with dynamic id's and selecting stuff in a table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is a separate question that you could post or you could also see if it is covered by:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/18342/how-to-handle-dynamic-changing-ids-in-xpath&quot;&gt;How to handle dynamic changing ID&amp;#39;s In XPath?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and others under the search &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=dynamic+id&quot;&gt;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/search?q=dynamic+id&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T13:58:41.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26793" CreationDate="2017-06-08T14:08:42.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using the same code on multiple networks, and it's working on Network A but not on Network B, then it's the network settings. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing as the issue is then resolved temporarily by running the DNS flush, release, and renew, then this essentially proves it's network related. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend trying to run these tests via a proxy, and if that doesn't work, raising a question on &lt;a href=&quot;https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Network Engineering&lt;/a&gt; for further networking advice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T14:08:42.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27694" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27680" CreationDate="2017-06-08T15:12:08.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think there are two sets of things that need to happen, possibly in parallel, possibly sequentially, possibly by different people, or possibly by the same people.  At a guess, the interviewer would be more interested in B below than A, as A is going to be heavily dependent on the culture/company in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A)  Deal with the immediate problem, which is to say, the defect found in production.  Your steps 1, part of 2, 3, and 4 above cover that.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B)  Root cause analysis, which may feed back into A.  Specifically, you need to understand why the problem wasn't found in QA.  If it's something simple, like missing a testcase, you add the testcase, verify that the testcase can find the problem, and then once you have the fix, rerun regression and deploy.  (You also need to understand why the testcase was missing in the first place, and address that, along with any other test cases that might be missing for the same reason.)  However, it's also possible that the reason the problem wasn't found was because it couldn't be found in the test environment, for reasons of scale, or configuration, or something else.  Then you need to do a cost/benefit analysis:  what would it take (time, money, skills, long-term maintenance etc) to update/replicate/whatever the test environment so that it could have found the problem, and what are the benefits?  Are there classes of problems you aren't finding that you could find now?  Are they ones that you need to be worried about, long term?  For example, is the production environment growing much more quickly than the test environment is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T15:12:08.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27695" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27683" CreationDate="2017-06-08T17:22:02.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Eclipse you need to get the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/wiki/Download-and-Install&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;junit.jar&lt;/a&gt; and add it to your build path (if you exported using the junit option). To add it to the buildpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a 'lib' folder in your project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy the .jar file into the lib folder&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Right-click the .jar and select &quot;Add to Build Path&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should then be able to run as a JUnit test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T19:27:36.220" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T19:27:36.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27696" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-08T18:48:02.100" Score="3" ViewCount="9415" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a JMeter HTTP Request that returns a 302 response with some parameter fields in the redirect URL that I need to extract (ex. state, scope). When I turn off &lt;code&gt;Follow Redirects&lt;/code&gt; I correctly get the values extracted, but I don't get a cookie that I need for the next request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reversely, when I enable &lt;code&gt;Follow Redirects&lt;/code&gt; for the HTTP Request, I automatically get the cookie for the next request but I don't get parameter fields that I'm extracting from the response. How do I get both?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26110" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-08T21:22:52.010" LastActivityDate="2019-02-10T04:03:50.657" Title="JMeter HTTP Request with &quot;Follow redirect&quot; can get extracted value from response" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-08T20:30:19.613" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short summary&lt;/strong&gt;: does your boss really expects 100.00000% working code as your output? Well, then he is incompetent, not you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My honest advice would be: you cannot be perfect, so don't take it so seriously. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you feel that &lt;strong&gt;the company is clearly trying to make you a scapegoat&lt;/strong&gt; (so it seems), and that may hurt your professional career, resign as soon as you find equally or better paying job elsewhere. If anything, now is the time, when the economy is still strong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a very strong feeling your boss is a terrible boss, especially for a software company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my field of work, I often come in contact with the issue of quality control. And more often than not, I hear bosses claiming that their workers are perfect (they would say, they just need to automate quality control because of some other funny reason, e.g. totaly unreasonable demands from their customers :) It seems that your boss is one of such people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is bollocks. People are not infallible, and certain factors make them even more prone to make errors. That's why QC exists! Your job is to catch mistakes done by other people, not to make things 100% OK, but to reduce occurrence of errors from say 99% to 99.9% If your boss does not understand then ... well, you will have many clashes with him at your current workplace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the errors you missed did not cause any problems in the time of the software run, then there is impossible to evaluate their impact, but it could be neglible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the company wants military-grade reliability, then they will need to change their process, which would probably mean employing other testers, and assign them redundant tasks (e.g. code testers cross-checking with others). Are they not willing to pay for it? Well, then they will not get 99.99%. Or 99.999% or whatever they aim for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you are both the victim of the flawed production/testing process and the poor management process. But I don't think you are in position to change this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26113" LastActivityDate="2017-06-08T20:30:19.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27699" CreationDate="2017-06-09T02:33:33.570" Score="7" ViewCount="3998" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have picked multiple existing end-to-end tests to be executed against our production instances, triggered after a new release and daily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the concerns we have are &lt;em&gt;potential side effects of the smoke test run and interference with the active users during the run&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the general guidelines for running smoke tests against production and what issues can we expect to encounter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Additional Info:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The application under test is a web application (&lt;code&gt;AngularJS&lt;/code&gt;-based) in the healthcare insurance space. Tests are written in &lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/code&gt; using &lt;code&gt;Jasmine&lt;/code&gt; test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T03:30:34.783" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T06:14:29.133" Title="Smoke testing in production" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27698" CreationDate="2017-06-09T05:59:59.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just design these after production deployment tests to not interfere with the users. It is not a load-tests and if they are view-only then everything should be alright. If this is the case I cannot come-up with anything real users will have trouble with, unless you system is only build to have 1-2 users at a time, lol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a &lt;a href=&quot;https://puppet.com/blog/continuous-delivery-vs-continuous-deployment-what-s-diff&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous deployment&lt;/a&gt; model you need to have some automated tests and or checks to verify the application was deployed correctly. These are called &lt;strong&gt;post-deploy tests&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applications with large users bases monitor user behaviours. Checking if users are still loggin in and finishing the major workflows in the application. This could be an alternative to running tests against the environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T05:59:59.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27698" CreationDate="2017-06-09T06:14:29.133" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is very important that our application`s &lt;strong&gt;smoke scenario&lt;/strong&gt; should be run in &lt;strong&gt;Production environment.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;These are possible ways :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create your &lt;strong&gt;dummy user name , password and healthcare data&lt;/strong&gt; (which should be test data on client side) So &lt;strong&gt;ask for permission&lt;/strong&gt; to create minimal of such data. After that use it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Create another database&lt;/strong&gt; (replica of product env config in &lt;strong&gt;another server or domain&lt;/strong&gt; and check with same build files and with same scripts).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Last which I think is good option, &lt;strong&gt;Do not create/add/update/delete any data.&lt;/strong&gt; Just &lt;strong&gt;do fetch operation&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;verify it&lt;/strong&gt; is showing perfectly. Like patient details, hospital details etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note : Please take care while using production environment. And ask permission before take any action.  Also use only possible scenario of given list.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope you get some solutions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T06:14:29.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26361" CreationDate="2017-06-09T06:20:53.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Giving answer to my own question. I have written a code to implement my question with the help of @fman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA;   * Gets a list of test case id's within a project&#xA;   *&#xA;   * @param struct $args&#xA;   * @param string $args[&quot;devKey&quot;]&#xA;   * @param int $args[&quot;testprojectid&quot;]&#xA;   * @return mixed $resultInfo&#xA;   *         &#xA;   * @access public&#xA;   */   &#xA;  public function getProjectTestCases($args){     &#xA;   $messagePrefix=&quot;(&quot; .__FUNCTION__ . &quot;) - &quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    $this-&amp;gt;_setArgs($args);&#xA;    $checkFunctions = array('authenticate','checkTestProjectID');       &#xA;    $status_ok=$this-&amp;gt;_runChecks($checkFunctions,$messagePrefix);       &#xA;&#xA;    if($status_ok)&#xA;    {&#xA;      $testProjectID = $this-&amp;gt;args[self::$testProjectIDParamName];&#xA;      $info=$this-&amp;gt;tprojectMgr-&amp;gt;get_all_testcases_id($testProjectID, $tcid = []);&#xA;      if( !is_null($info) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; count($info) &amp;gt; 0 )&#xA;      {&#xA;          $info = array_values($info);&#xA;      }&#xA;      return $info;  &#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;      return $this-&amp;gt;errors;&#xA;    } &#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got some advice from testlink &lt;a href=&quot;http://forum.testlink.org/viewtopic.php?f=10&amp;amp;t=8058#p20464&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;at their forum.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24801" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T19:01:20.743" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T19:01:20.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27702" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27680" CreationDate="2017-06-09T12:28:21.950" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;The process we follow where I work when a defect is reported in production might give you some perspective:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reproduce the problem&lt;/strong&gt;. If possible, we try to reproduce on production. Failing that, we'll use the staging environment which is a mirror of production except when we have a new deployment staged there prior to release.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Analyze the problem&lt;/strong&gt;. First we determine whether the problem is actually a defect. In a complex application it could be a misunderstanding or thinking that intended behavior isn't what is supposed to happen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How old is it?&lt;/strong&gt;. If it &lt;em&gt;is&lt;/em&gt; a defect, we investigate to determine how long that defect has been around. We've found that after major deployments our customers are much more sensitive to the application and can pick up issues that have been around for years as a result. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is the impact?&lt;/strong&gt;. It's rare for us to accidentally let a show-stopper defect through, but it does happen. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prioritize the problem&lt;/strong&gt;. Prioritization generally takes into account how long it's been in the system, how badly it impacts affected customers, and what proportion of the customer base it hits.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Determine the fix&lt;/strong&gt;. Depending on the issue and how it's prioritized, this can be a quick hack to make things work with a more comprehensive fix scheduled for later, or it can be a proper correction to the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Schedule the fix&lt;/strong&gt;. Again, what the schedule is depends on the nature of the problem. We have a very small team (4 developers and 1 tester supporting and enhancing multi-million LOC legacy applications and trying to build something more modern to replace them at the same time) so the demands on our time mean we can't always put a fix in quickly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code, Test, &amp;amp; Deploy the fix&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Root cause analysis&lt;/strong&gt;. Depending on the scheduling, this could come before step 8, but it generally doesn't happen until we've at least prioritized the issue and communicated workarounds to the customers if any exist.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the severity of the issue, the whole process can be completed in under an hour, or it can be months before the defect is scheduled for a fix - or anything between those extremes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Things we do and don't do&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We do not blame. If I feel that I should have caught a problem before release I will say so, but nobody blames anyone else.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We do list contributing factors. These can and do include things like complexity of the code, lack of knowledge about how the application is used, unreasonable deadlines, and so forth. These are generally things that make it more likely that mistakes will happen rather than direct causes, because sometimes a problem gets through because of a perfect storm of contributing factors rather than a direct cause.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We try to add precautions to prevent this kind of problem recurring.   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T12:28:21.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18507" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:11:47.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From error, I can see it is a linking error.&#xA;You need to add reference of static gtest library in your main project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you have added &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include path to gtest and gtest/inlcude&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added linked include path for .lib&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added lib name in linker input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://mkkhedawat.com/Installing-and-Using-GoogleTest-with-Visual-Studio/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Installing and Using GoogleTest with Visual Studio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26124" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:11:47.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27704" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:13:35.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.microfocus.com/products/silk-portfolio/silk-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Silk Test&lt;/a&gt; is Micro Focus's (previously Borland's) test automation solution for development, quality and business teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T23:07:33.350" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T23:07:33.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27705" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:13:35.820" Score="0" Body="Silk Test is a test automation solution for development, quality and business teams.&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T17:51:47.627" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T17:51:47.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27707" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:19:59.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It has a couple of advantages compared to vanilla &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/jasmine&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automatically finds tests to execute in your repo&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automatically mocks dependencies for you when running your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows you to test asynchronous code synchronously&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Runs your tests with a fake DOM implementation (via jsdom) so that your tests can run on the command line&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Runs tests in parallel processes so that they finish sooner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information about &lt;strong&gt;Jest&lt;/strong&gt; see the &lt;a href=&quot;http://facebook.github.io/jest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;official Jest homepage&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T17:51:58.610" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T17:51:58.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27708" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:19:59.733" Score="0" Body="Jest is a JavaScript unit testing framework made by Facebook that's based on Jasmine and provides automated mock creation, and a jsdom environment.  It's often used for testing React components." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T17:52:03.797" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T17:52:03.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27709" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:20:31.120" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T13:20:31.120" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T13:20:31.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27710" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:20:31.120" Score="0" Body="AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a technique for creating seamless interactive websites via asynchronous data exchange between client and server. AJAX facilitates communication with the server or partial page updates without a traditional page refresh." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T17:52:01.283" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T17:52:01.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27711" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27712" CreationDate="2017-06-09T13:43:30.437" Score="6" ViewCount="22622" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a big problem, and I don't find the solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have 2 classes: Components_BI.cs with this component:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;//*[@id='body-container']/div/div[1]/div/div/button[contains(text(), 'Paraméterek')]&quot;)]&#xA;public IWebElement login_Check { get; set; }      &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And Program.cs with this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait waiting = new WebDriverWait(PropertiesCollection.driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;waiting.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists((componentClass.login_Check)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to wait for this element with waiting.Until command?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26126" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T08:27:06.043" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T14:37:13.260" Title="Selenium C# - How to wait with WebDriverWait using the element as parameter instead of a locator?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27711" CreationDate="2017-06-09T14:36:53.973" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way is to create your own &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; class with methods accepting a &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; as parameter, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Wait.Until(MyConditions.ElementIsVisible(element));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the implementation in the &lt;code&gt;MyConditions&lt;/code&gt; class, which works exactly like the existing &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static Func&amp;lt;IWebDriver, bool&amp;gt; ElementIsVisible(IWebElement element)&#xA;{&#xA;    return (driver) =&amp;gt;&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;            return element.Displayed;&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception)&#xA;        {&#xA;            // If element is null, stale or if it cannot be located&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    };&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T14:36:53.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27713" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-09T15:41:50.267" Score="1" ViewCount="485" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a6ctT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/a6ctT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I am trying to create an automation script for a website that supports both IWA and SAML authentication. In case of IWA, whenever I hit the URL using the selenium driver, I get a Authentication Required popup. I need to automate this step to login with different credentials and check the website. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using &lt;code&gt;HttpNtlmAuth&lt;/code&gt; but I always get Response 401. Is there a way to achieve this by using only python and selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26129" LastEditorUserId="26129" LastEditDate="2017-06-09T16:54:28.487" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T16:54:28.487" Title="Is there a way to enter automate entering credentials in the IWA and SAML popup using only python and selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27714" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27733" CreationDate="2017-06-09T02:17:43.947" Score="5" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Story&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a big end-to-end test codebase written in &lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bcaudan/jasmine-spec-reporter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jasmine-spec-reporter&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; for the command-line test reports. It reports test execution time for every test spec:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;About screen when logged in&#xA;    ✓ should show the license text after refresh (51 secs)&#xA;&#xA;  About modal&#xA;    ✓ should show the correct title (0.396 sec)&#xA;    ✓ should display component versions in a correct format (0.782 sec)&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Problem&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is - we have multiple tests that are &lt;em&gt;much slower than the others&lt;/em&gt; - performance is becoming critical when these kind of tests are used for &quot;smoke&quot; tests against production instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there an effective (preferably automated) way to identify the bottlenecks - the reasons why these tests are slow? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, it would be very convenient to see &lt;em&gt;line-by-line breakdown&lt;/em&gt; reporting how long each line execution took. I am currently thinking of tweaking Protractor's &quot;Control Flow&quot; to log execution time of every single &quot;command&quot; coming through..  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" OwnerDisplayName="alecxe" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T22:08:05.727" LastActivityDate="2018-10-30T07:58:39.330" Title="How to profile end-to-end tests to find the slow ones?" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16815" CreationDate="2017-06-09T17:46:25.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The object of the interview is to find out how the person thinks. Does their thinking align with the way things work in your company? A great question to start the conversation is:&#xA;&quot; Tell me about the biggest glory bug you found.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let the interviewee define &quot;biggest&quot;. It can be the most complex, most costly, gained the most news coverage, toughest to reproduce, whatever. The interviewee will recount the story. Be sure to find out how the person found the bug, what was done to advocate for its fix, what sort of initiative the person took above and beyond the call of duty to set things right. What did they do to fix things right now, and to ensure it and things like it never happen again? What did they learn from the experience?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This single question and the natural follow-up questions will tell you about how the person reacts to a situation that requires advocacy, leadership, collaboration, tact, business sense, and technical skill.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6110" LastActivityDate="2017-06-09T17:46:25.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27716" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27720" CreationDate="2017-06-10T03:07:46.713" Score="8" ViewCount="1262" Body="&lt;p&gt;We had a software tester in our QA team that had been reporting a lot of issues, but most of them were &lt;em&gt;low-priority&lt;/em&gt; visual bugs, browser-specific behavior bugs, sophisticated (but with low probability of happening) bugs involving using multiple concurrent users, poor network connection, insanely fast &quot;cybersport-style&quot; clicking etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, he was &lt;strong&gt;constantly missing serious defects&lt;/strong&gt; that were sometimes noticed too late on production resulting in &quot;expensive&quot; fixes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to recap, &lt;em&gt;he was doing his job&lt;/em&gt; - he was testing and reporting issues, but it looked like the problem was with his testing focus - instead of focusing on critical functionality of the application under test, he was concentrating on esoteric unusual use-cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you deal with this kind of situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some sense, this is a different perspective on a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27622/how-should-a-software-tester-deal-with-missed-defects-bugs-in-production?noredirect=1&amp;amp;lq=1&quot;&gt;How should a Software Tester deal with missed Defects/bugs in Production?&lt;/a&gt; question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T03:21:04.723" LastActivityDate="2020-10-29T11:51:11.083" Title="What to do if a Software Tester is constantly missing Defects/bugs in Production?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27716" CreationDate="2017-06-10T03:27:05.653" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Categorize the bugs he has been missing and the bugs he has managed to find, what do they have in common?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For the bug he managed to find, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;low-priority visual bugs, browser-specific behavior bugs, sophisticated (but with low probability of happening) bugs involving using multiple concurrent users, poor network connection, insanely fast &quot;cybersport-style&quot; clicking etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The characteristics above may suggest he is a visual-orientated person and is capable of taking unusual ways to discover unusual bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;But it looked like the problem was with his testing focus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; This tester may have a problem to prioritize tasks. He does not see critical functionality as critical.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are other shared characteristics of the bug he keeps on missing? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any training / mentoring that you can provide him in order help him overcome his shortcomings? This mentoring process may require an experienced tester to do pair testing with him and it may take some time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T03:27:05.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-10T09:55:37.157" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Making mistakes is a part of life. Accept that fact and don't be disheartened. Each time you go through this situation you are more careful next time. It horns your skills and adds to professionalism. Take it as a valuable lesson learnt. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26142" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T09:55:37.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27716" CreationDate="2017-06-10T10:48:17.493" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think their job should be to find significant issues that will affect the user and the business  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that 'doing his job' means a lot more than clicking on every item and entering bad information in every field.  It should be, within the context of the application, the industry, the user, the task, that there is a significant issue that affects the users ability to complete their task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some things I would consider doing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a review session to go over how to categorize tickets, what is significant for your company.  Do this mostly in the abstract before looking at any specific cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the categories you have tickets and make sure there are ways to label tickets as 'ui isssue', 'mouse clicking issue', etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a regularly scheduled 'bug review' session where you examine, in a lower stress environment bugs that were found and how they can be avoided in the future.  Make this a team effort including devs, i.e. not pointing at QA folks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have a regularly scheduled 'bug review' session just within QA to review tickets before the above group review with the wider team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use approaches such as &quot;3 why's&quot; and root cause analysis to get to the true cause of issues. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increase the focus (for everyone - analysts, devs, qa, etc) on testing and talking about testing and test plans earlier in the process - commonly referred to as 'shift left'.  The best bugs are the ones that never happen because of a few key conversations about both functionality and testing up front before any code is written.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have a definition of done and that it includes the broad areas that QA should be signing off on, e.g. happy flow, sad flow, different devices, accessibility testing, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seek ways to relate bugs to the company's mission.  For example if a company measure daily revenue, consider analysis and AB testing to show monetary value of bugs being fixed.  This involves a lot of analysis and setup but can be gold in terms of deciding what &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; be worked on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider periodic backlog review meetings where you go through older tickets and see whether they are worth fixing or should just be closed.  This helps to reinforce what the company consider worth logging.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure the company metrics for quality are clearly defined and communicated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T11:07:59.620" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T11:07:59.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16815" CreationDate="2017-06-10T11:31:03.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you use Behavior Driven Development ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you use Test Driven Development ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you do sad path testing ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you structure test plans ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you approach the 4 quadrants of Agile Testing ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you use the Test Pyramid ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do you try to capture for a typical UI bug ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What sort of relationship do you look to have with the QA group ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you try and address intermittent failures in the test suite ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What experience do you have with performance testing ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What's the most interesting bug you've seen at work ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have one assertion per test and do you make exceptions ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is your experience with team-based vs. more role based development ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would leave the more detailed coding questions to the dev team.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Focus on your area of quality and testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-10T11:37:16.167" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T11:37:16.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27622" CreationDate="2017-06-10T16:24:06.463" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Other answers have clearly presented the &quot;&lt;strong&gt;there is simply no perfect software&lt;/strong&gt;&quot; fact of a software. My answer is based on your second point,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should I have acted more clever and wise. Should I have not found bugs&#xA;  in Production and should have been quiet? Why did I highlight my&#xA;  mistakes​ and been noticed by management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Yes, you should have acted more clever and wise.&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I like about you is the commitment beyond what is expected. I personally have faced such situations(other work area) to provide &lt;em&gt;excellence&lt;/em&gt; but believe me its also about your true effort that only you know and others just take it granted as &lt;em&gt;part of the job&lt;/em&gt;. I am not saying, it is not part of the job exactly but you have definitely done something extraordinary beyond what's expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What you should have done.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should have instead let it slip by for maintaining management and stakeholders' confidence for the time being and corrected those in an official patch or next release. Because, hey! the code has been functioning &lt;em&gt;normally&lt;/em&gt; for months.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the impact of those bugs must also be considered on the other hand. For ex, if your code operates a industrial machinery or an area involving public safety, then obviously the expectation is for a perfectly tested code. My answer assumes the nature of work to be not that critical. I am sure, you can decide on that yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So, Don't quit.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a lesson in hand. Try to follow the best practices other answers have suggested and be cautious about ruining your image just because others don't understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26144" LastActivityDate="2017-06-10T16:24:06.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27723" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27741" CreationDate="2017-06-11T00:44:14.310" Score="3" ViewCount="150" Body="&lt;p&gt;How important is it for manual testers to know what technologies/frameworks were used to build an application under test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To be specific:&lt;/em&gt; imagine there is a web application written in &lt;code&gt;AngularJS&lt;/code&gt; v2 which is using &lt;code&gt;Bootstrap&lt;/code&gt; v3 for styling. How would this information help someone who is testing the application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T00:35:02.033" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T00:35:02.033" Title="How does knowing the technology behind the system under test help in testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27724" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-11T00:47:31.027" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T00:47:31.027" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T00:47:31.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27725" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-11T00:47:31.027" Score="0" Body="CD (Continuous Delivery) is the process of automating as much of the build pipeline as possible to produce deployable applications as quickly as is reasonable. It is the last step before continuous deployment, which also puts the deployable application into production automatically." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T03:56:44.043" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T03:56:44.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27723" CreationDate="2017-06-11T01:46:07.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My personal opinion is, it is desirable but not always necessary.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What kind of manual testing is to be executed? If it is more of a lower level of manual testing, e.g. manual testing on a component level, it definitely helps to know the technology behind the system under test. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When it comes to a higher level of manual testing, e.g. system testing or user experience testing. Knowing the technology behind it may backfire, as knowing the ins and outs of a system may hinder a tester's ability from thinking or behaving as a customer who does not know anything.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-11T02:02:12.973" LastActivityDate="2017-06-11T02:02:12.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27729" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-11T19:49:09.920" Score="46" ViewCount="14508" Body="&lt;p&gt;I mean to say is that if I dislike coding and don't understand complex code, then will I be able to survive as a QA. Or do I need to learn test automation to grow position and pay in my career, as I see in my current company that manual, blackbox test engineers are given less credit than guys who work on tools like selenium webdriver, uft, etc? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are sometimes mocked by developers​ who say that they are doing such a simple job of finding defects. They say that automation is mandatory to survive in this time and without knowing any automation tool, programming you can't carry on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I test a web-based product and am good at exploratory testing, scenario testing, do proper analysis, know database SQL queries and try my best to find critical problems in functionality, but don't use programming or tools. I have contributed my bit in successful releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to become a technical tester to save my job in the software industry? Will manual testers lose their value and job in the future, if they don't switch to automation soon?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26166" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:29:17.103" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T10:22:31.997" Title="Can a Manual Tester survive in software industry without learning Automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-11T20:41:59.880" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Short answer&lt;/strong&gt;: it depends, but in my opinion: YES.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long answer&lt;/strong&gt;: it depends... on the company, projects, and business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a senior test analyst, you possess all the necessary strengths that make a great tester so valuable. In addition to what you've mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;domain expertise&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;analytical skills (from a testing perspective)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for example, you're that guy that finds defects early on (in the requirements and analysis phase) simply because you can estimate the functional impact on the product, and perhaps you're already pointing out some loopholes or missing paths.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if I would run an IT department, I would definitely want some people like that. &lt;strong&gt;Career-wise&lt;/strong&gt; as a manual tester your best option is to advance to a &lt;strong&gt;test coordination/coaching&lt;/strong&gt; role. Even if you don't like to code, understanding the basic concepts is sufficient to manage planning and budget for a test team containing automators. Should you remain a test analyst, your pay should be at least equal to that of a functional analyst with similar experience (again in my opinion).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issues with automation experts may be the following (although I'm not generalizing or trying to offend anyone ;-).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They were developers before and still act like them (i.e. don't like to read requirements, just want to type some code).&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If these guys have to write test scenarios and flesh out functional details, I would be slightly worried and let &lt;strong&gt;you&lt;/strong&gt; write the scenarios and data instead.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They automate (only/mostly) happy paths and on a screen-by-screen basis.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consequently, their actual testing experience (with the application) is much more shallow than yours. Testing something manually, logging all the defects and trying to break each field: these things really give you thorough and lasting knowledge. Automating a screen just to click Save doesn't.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the IT department's FTE count and the SDLC used are relevant. Say a company only has seven developers and you would be the only tester in an Agile project approach. If the employer expects all testing tasks to be performed by you only, you wouldn't be qualified (because of the automation). However, if they are truly cross-functional you could team up with a developer: you decide the scenarios and he writes the code for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Final note&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, the relevance of the above is limited by your ambitions and region: do you want to keep working for your current employer? Would you rather work somewhere else (where you'd get more appreciation but have to learn the business from scratch), or even consider consulting or freelancing? Every option offers different opportunities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:36:14.167" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:36:14.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-11T23:12:30.507" Score="18" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test automation can NEVER replace manual testing.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One classic argument is test automation can never catch random bugs that can be caught via manual exploratory testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have had two colleagues in the past who did not know any coding skills and hated coding, but they were extremely good manual testers, were able to catch bugs no one else could.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Having said that, test automation is desirable.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The good news is there has been lots of effort going into making test automation simpler. It is possible to learn and apply record-replay test automation without any coding skills. For example, Selenium IDE, Ranorex and TestCompelte require none coding skills to make test automation. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you are comfortable with record-replay test automation suites mentioned above, you can progress onto test suites that are more scripts-orientated. E.g. Apply automation with Selenium WebDriver instead of Selenium IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My personal suggestion is: automation and manual testing are not mortal enemies.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As you have been an experienced tester and you are working close to developers, there are plenty of opportunities to learn coding. In IT industry, it never hurts to learn coding.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;IT companies offer internal training courses in forms of coding dojo or coding jam, they are good opportunities to tune in with the latest coding practices. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:35:49.013" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:35:49.013" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27714" CreationDate="2017-06-12T00:56:16.917" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some areas I would focus on for slow test bottlenecks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Slow tests usually means dependency issues.  With UI tests this can be hard if you use the application with a back-end connected database and a dynamically created and maintained DOM.  Test performance here can sometimes be improved by using fixed HTML fragments and treating the tests more as unit tests.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;http requests - one option for http requests is to use vcr - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/vcr/vcr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/vcr/vcr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The type of tests.  Happy path tests tend to be fast.  Sad and Optional tests tend to be slow.  Are your smoke tests using happy paths?  I generally only use happy tests for smoke test suites.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup repetition.  Do tests use the UI to set up conditions for the actual test?  This often be done more directly and speedily through backend processes created specifically for testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test independence.  If tests are truly independent of each other with no shared resources such as database this open up the opportunity to run them in parallel leading to potentially massive improvements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait strategy.  Make sure you have a mature wait strategy with waits implicitly for elements to be present and appropriate waits for pages and assets to be loaded and rendered.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use tools that help report on slow tests, for example rspec is frequently configured to show the slowest test for each run by using the  &lt;code&gt;--profile&lt;/code&gt; flag or add &lt;code&gt;--profile&lt;/code&gt; to your &lt;code&gt;.rspec&lt;/code&gt; file. This will track the top 10 slowest examples.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T22:01:58.683" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T22:01:58.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27672" CreationDate="2017-06-12T01:07:01.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently opined, provocatively, that a test that never fails, adds no value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://durrantm.wordpress.com/2017/05/30/a-new-way-to-think-about-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://durrantm.wordpress.com/2017/05/30/a-new-way-to-think-about-tests/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At a more practical level I look to use the following practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When writing code, start with a failing tests as recommended in TDD.  Really do this on an ongoing basis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When hacking around in code, occasionally 'force' the test in question to fail using a known value or piece of logic that will do that.  This is a key practice for me to make sure I have a good test.  You'll get a sense after a while when a test is feeling 'suspiciously green'.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Similar to the previous point, when working on a test and application code for a long period and you've finally finished it, force the test to fail one last time manually and then change it back to passing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be aware and alert for both false negatives (test fails but should actually pass) and false positives (test passes but should fail)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be careful when using negative assertions to see that something 'does not' exist.  Be sure it include a positive assertion about something else that should exist otherwise error pages such as 404's will still show the test as passing (incorrectly).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code Review of all code with review by at least two additional parties for each ticket.  You mention issues that you stumble across.  Maybe you can add more eyes on the code to try and find them more up-front.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is an issue with intermittent failures, consider running the test thousands of times to examine stability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideas such as 'delete tests that haven't failed in a year' are provocative and have some attraction but in practice I've never seen it and really can't imagine actually doing that.  I have reviewed test suites and decided to remove tests due to duplication, slowness, fragility, not representing user functions, etc. but the mere fact they haven't failed in x period of time doesn't some like a criteria I'd be in favor of &lt;em&gt;or able to convince my pair&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other ideas to address your specific points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests with missing assertions&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You should be able to use your test framework to identify these.  You may need to break out a tool like sed, awk or other search tools to help you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that assert not what they supposed to assert&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Make sure you have code review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logical errors resulting into assertions not being applied&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Make sure tests fail first&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T22:27:44.260" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T22:27:44.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-12T01:41:42.507" Score="12" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can a Manual Tester survive in software industry without learning Automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Survive - &lt;em&gt;Yes&lt;/em&gt;, but be valuable and desirable on a job market in the long run - &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me expand on this thought.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can, of course, grow as a professional doing manual testing only exploring new techniques and methodologies, testing different products in various industries and fields. Trying different tools and workflows. This is fine! But, in my opinion, &lt;em&gt;the next step has to be test automation&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regressions&lt;/strong&gt;. If a tester, instead of writing an automated test for a problem, would record the steps to reproduce in a manual test scenario and would then rely on the fact that in the future this particular scenario would be manually-processed for every new release of the product, this process will eventually fail. On the contrary, if a tester would write an automated test for this problem and this test will be executed daily or as a part of a pre-release or post-build process, there is a much higher chance of avoiding regression here. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Human factor.&lt;/strong&gt; Oftentimes, especially as a post-release step, there is a need to get a high-level check of the deployed application. Doing this manually would bring the &quot;human factor&quot; on the table. What if you forget to check some part of an application that ended up broken? An automated test has a lower to 0 chance to &quot;forget&quot; and would follow what it was programmed to follow line by line.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Human bias&lt;/strong&gt;. Humans tend to have opinions; machines (well, I am not sure about that nowadays) do not - an automated test would strictly follow the instructions, humans may bring their own opinion with them. You may, for example, interpret words in a test scenario differently than the person who wrote it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Faster feedback.&lt;/strong&gt; Automated tests provide a faster feedback playing an important role in the continuous integration and delivery processes.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual testing can be boring.&lt;/strong&gt; I remember the times when we had manual tests only. And, I also remember having motivation difficulties to follow the test scenarios step by step which eventually led to me skipping or mentally tweaking some steps I had confidence in. I remember being easily distracted from manual testing and not willing to restart from the very beginning, pretending to follow the scenario uninterrupted. Don't tell me you've never done that :) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Load testing.&lt;/strong&gt; You cannot generally do load/stress testing manually. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Validation testing.&lt;/strong&gt; Let's say you have an input with some custom validation rules. It would be generally easier, more descriptive and faster to check multiple values for this input with an automated test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You will be a more confident tester.&lt;/strong&gt; If you would bring a test automation skill with you, it will boost your confidence in the job and &lt;em&gt;quality&lt;/em&gt; you are delivering - you would know that the bugs you've caught will not make it to production because of the automated tests you've written.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, don't forget that having automation skills would also &lt;strong&gt;increase your value on the market&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:34:59.583" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:34:59.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26937" CreationDate="2017-06-12T01:44:00.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;So, will it the iOS and Android issues will be merged on 1 Jira version?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is probably your core question.  The answer would depend on many factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you care (will you do it) if Android and iOS release features at different times?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you &lt;a href=&quot;http://semver.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;semantic versioning&lt;/a&gt;, i.e. 2.0, 2.1, 2.1.1 and do you share sub version numbers for fixes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How frequently do you release ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you add an identifier, i.e. 2.1A and 2.1I to distinguish platform specific releases?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you add a field that indicates any Android or iOS specific tickets, but keep the general versioning as one project, releases may sometimes be simultaneous, e.g. 2.1.1A and 2.1.2I&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T01:44:00.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-12T01:45:51.837" Score="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;There will always be smart technical people who do not like to code. There will always be ways of taking advantage of their talents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a coder. And I love my manual tester. She sees the world differently than I do and that's exactly what I need. What I hate are manual test scripts that pile up without any automation behind them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution isn't to make sure everyone is a coder. It's to pair manual testing with automation developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing is a skill. One I value because it lets me go fast yet go safe. The problem is if manual test scripts pile up to where it takes 6 months to release a new version of our product we're all going to be unemployed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A manual tester should be able to sit down with the product and abuse it the same way the user will. They should have the best tools. They should document how they uncovered any problem the best way they can. They should reproduce the problem for an automation developer who should create an automated version of this test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That automated test should be fast. It should be run against subsequent releases but it should be removed if the subject of its test is removed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all you do as a tester is run through prewritten test scripts you are being abused. If you can sit down in front of new GUI and uncover problems us code monkeys failed to think of then you're a Godsend. Please keep it up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17901" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:31:21.887" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:31:21.887" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27723" CreationDate="2017-06-12T06:35:36.033" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's two types of testing in the context of your question: black box testing and white box testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;General issue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A black box tester doesn't know anything about the system. This allows the tester to uncover bugs that someone more familiar with the system might overlook. A white box tester has more familiarity with the system. Based on knowledge of the application's internals, that a white box tester may always perform task X before performing task Y, whereas someone without familiarity might go straight to performing task Y in a system where task X must be completed before task Y, or both must be completed before the next task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having both types of testers helps to uncover bugs where there are user interface issues, documentations issues, or missing validations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black box tester&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's use an e-commerce website for an example. The order form indicates which fields are required but also allows the user to skip around and leave some of them empty to come back to later. A white box tester might just omit the required shipping information, and just enter billing information followed by submit. If they're then directed back to the missing fields for completion, then the design is likely fine. If not, and they land on a success page, they might not know that there's an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;White box tester&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a white box tester performing the same test, they'll notice something is wrong after landing on a confirmation page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The black box tester used the system and everything they saw indicated a success. The white box tester, on the other hand, knows the internals of the backend and knows that, without the required shipping fields, the application should not be accepting the submission. They'll know something is wrong despite no explicit error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is why it makes sense to have a balance of both types. A black box tester may be less likely to test this scenario. Maybe they just assume people know they need to put their shipping information into the form before hitting submit, so the test case never occurs to them. A white box tester is more likely to test this case, but less likely to realize that there's an issue. When you have both doing quality assurance on your software, you're more likely to uncover the issue, either through coordination/communication with the two types of testers, or by an engineer seeing a backend failure triggered by the test that the white box tester may have never tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anecdote&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This happened frequently in the automated customer service speech recognition industry. People familiar with a system (a white box tester) may be mis-recognized, try again, succeed, and chalk it up to a misrecognition. Someone less familiar with the system (a black box tester) would be more likely to report an issue. Usually it was just a misrecognition, but other times, it helped to uncover issues. It sometimes turned out that the white box tester's misrecognition was actually caused by some bug in the system. If it weren't for the black box tester reporting the issue to be looked into, the bug might not be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, a black box tester might complete the speech recognition transaction with no issues, whereas a white box tester might realize that the transaction should have failed because a particular piece of information critical to the transaction was never collected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, this is why it can be beneficial to have both types of quality assurance on a team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; Apologies if this is confusing. I wrote this at around 3AM local time when I should have been working to meet a deadline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26177" LastEditorUserId="26177" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T01:06:12.687" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T01:06:12.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27723" CreationDate="2017-06-12T08:09:37.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seemingly it does not help with Blackbox testing, but for other types of testing it could help a lot. Think of security-testing, load-testing and test-automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing the technology stack could help or impact with testing things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Known defects in the stack, with info from the suppliers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Common mistakes that can be made with the frameworks might need extra attention&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Monitoring change-logs when you update the tech-stack. This could also trigger extra test work if for example the UI-framework had (a lot of) changes in important elements used.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose testing frameworks that work better with the stack, for example protractor with AngularJS instead of plain Selenium.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is extra information that you can use to estimate the risks. From my perspective the more information you have the better you can act.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T08:09:37.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27742" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27723" CreationDate="2017-06-12T08:21:06.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to the other answers here, the one time when it helps to know 'the technology behind the system under test' is when you're using recording tools to record automation tests. For instance, I once attempted to use Ranorex on an old .NET WinForms application, which Ranorex handled badly. It just could not identify any elements, relying entirely on the objects physical location on the screen, and therefore creating unreliable flaky tests. Had the application been a recent version of WPF and we wouldn't have seen the same issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always check your automation software is compatible with the technology behind an application prior to buying the licences - one size does not fit all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T08:21:06.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27723" CreationDate="2017-06-12T08:28:40.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Knowing the technology can help you identify potentially interesting variables to explore with testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing the technology can help you identify limitations and vulnerabilities of the technology. Knowing those things, you can write tests to explore how the system deals with those limitations and vulnerabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T08:28:40.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27744" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-12T09:03:51.520" Score="5" ViewCount="457" Body="&lt;p&gt;A couple of days back I come across one Term &quot;Rapid Testing&quot; I try to understand about it but it's all properties are same as Exploratory Testing. can you please tell me the difference between these two type of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T08:36:25.457" Title="What is difference between Exploratory Testing and Rapid Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27744" CreationDate="2017-06-12T09:11:05.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Same technique but with minor differences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What they have in common:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With little test plan, testers start testing using their common sense and prior experience.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What they have in difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As its name suggests, rapid testing focuses on &quot;fastness&quot;. James Bach is one of the testers that promote rapid testing. Please follow this link &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/info_rst.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rapid testing by James Bach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T09:11:05.573" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27744" CreationDate="2017-06-12T09:18:36.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rapid Testing is a strategy where you test a product quickly to meet extremely short product delivery schedules, by eliminating all unnecessary work and only testing critical areas of the product. Instead of trying to eliminate all bugs, the rapid testing ethos is to stop 'damaging defects' from being released. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rapid Testing is therefore the terminology given to testing a product at a rapid pace, by only testing key sections of the product. This strategy will then consist of testing methods such as exploratory testing, isolated smoke tests, unplanned end-to-end tests, etc... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T09:18:36.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27747" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27749" CreationDate="2017-06-12T09:58:33.927" Score="5" ViewCount="585" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked to test a new project, which is a web application for performing job searches. I've tested these kinds of products before, but this new project implements machine learning to enhance a couple features. These features include suggesting suitable jobs to a profile, and sending out targeted jobs via emails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've not tried to test a system which relies on machine learning. How would I go about doing so? &#xA;Specifically, how would I test this system to test that profiles are being sent 'correct' jobs via emails and through the website? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:10:19.840" LastActivityDate="2018-08-30T08:35:13.063" Title="What prerequisites does a tester need before testing a Machine Learning based product?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;skillset&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27747" CreationDate="2017-06-12T10:27:44.867" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't worry too much about the idea of testing a product which includes machine learning algorithms - you just need to make sure that it's returning accurate results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primarily, testing ML functionality involves creating and uploading a training data-set (the developers may have one already), uploading a smaller more specific testing data-set, and then confirming the algorithm is learning/reacting correctly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the following steps could be taken if this was an ML algorithm used for job recommendations. You'd first want to enter a couple thousand jobs. Then you'd set up a profile on the application containing specific data such as preference and location data. Afterwards, you'd upload a testing data-set containing jobs that should be attributed to you, and jobs which shouldn't be attributed to you. Finally, you'd check that the 'good' jobs are recommended, while none of the 'bad' jobs are recommended. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This process of loading a large training data-set, and then a smaller testing data-set, should be applicable to most applications of black-box ML testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T10:27:44.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27750" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-12T10:29:17.153" Score="0" ViewCount="205" Body="&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-none prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting this error while I try to run the project using webdriver.&#xA;Using the following versions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mozilla FF ver- 53.0.3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver -3.4.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to fix the issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;package newpackage;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;//import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;&#xA;public class MyClass {&#xA;    &#xA;    public static void main(String[] args)&#xA;    {&#xA;        &#xA;        System.setProperty(&amp;quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;D:\\...\\Geckodriver\\geckodriver.exe&amp;quot;);&#xA;        &#xA;        /*DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;        //capabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;marionette&amp;quot;, true);&#xA;        //WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);*/&#xA;         //declaration and instantiation of objects/variables&#xA;        WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        &#xA;        String baseUrl = &amp;quot;https://google.com&amp;quot;;&#xA;        String expectedTitle = &amp;quot;Welcome:&amp;quot;;&#xA;        String actualTitle = &amp;quot;&amp;quot;;&#xA;        &#xA;        // launch firefox and redirect it to the base URL&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        &#xA;        // get the actual value of the title&#xA;        driver.getTitle();&#xA;        &#xA;        /*&#xA;         * compare the actual title of the page with the expected one and print&#xA;         * the result as &amp;quot;Passed&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Failed&amp;quot;&#xA;         */&#xA;          if(actualTitle.contentEquals(expectedTitle)){&#xA;              System.out.println(&amp;quot;Test Passed!&amp;quot;);&#xA;          }else {&#xA;              System.out.println(&amp;quot;Test Failed&amp;quot;);&#xA;          }&#xA;          &#xA;          //close Firefox&#xA;          driver.close();&#xA;          &#xA;          // exit the program&#xA;          System.exit(0);&#xA;        &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6797" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-25T09:07:22.527" LastActivityDate="2020-08-25T09:07:22.527" Title="NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27751" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-12T11:53:04.990" Score="3" ViewCount="611" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my previous project, I worked in selenium with java. In that project I following page object pattern. This is my sample code of selenium with java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;# Create Page Objects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class HomePage {&#xA;   @FindBy(how= How.LINK_TEXT, using = &quot;MY ACCOUNT&quot;)&#xA;   WebElement my_account;&#xA;   @FindBy(how= How.ID, using = &quot;link-to-login&quot;)&#xA;   WebElement login_link;&#xA;   @FindBy(how= How.LINK_TEXT, using = &quot;LOGOUT&quot;)&#xA;   WebElement logout;&#xA;   public void clickOnLoginLink()&#xA;   {&#xA;       login_link.click();}&#xA;   public String getMyAccountText()&#xA;   {&#xA;       return  my_account.getText();}&#xA;   public void clickLogOut() {&#xA;       logout.click();  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Separate out Tests , Objects , and Implementation Flows&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String InvalidLogin(String userName, String password) {&#xA;   HomePage homePage = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver, HomePage.class);&#xA;   homePage.clickOnLoginLink();&#xA;&#xA;   LoginPage loginPage = PageFactory.initElements(DriverManager.driver, LoginPage.class);&#xA;   loginPage.enterUsername(userName);&#xA;   loginPage.enterPassword(password);&#xA;   loginPage.clickSubmit();&#xA;   return loginPage.getInvalidLoginText();}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;util&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DriverManager {&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    String baseUrl;&#xA; // Start driver&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void verifyValidLogintoSpree()&#xA;{&#xA;   LoginSteps loginSteps = new LoginSteps();&#xA;   String expected_message = loginSteps.Login(&quot;xt@xt.xom&quot;, &quot;xtxtxt&quot;);&#xA;   Assert.assertEquals(expected_message, &quot;MY ACCOUNT&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These page object is for identifying locators in for one class and then initialising the web elements for steps class. and test code for test file.&#xA;I want to know the detailed explanation and advantages of using page object pattern. what should I need to improve or going good?&#xA;I want to know that my understand are correct or not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T12:16:30.417" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T20:03:03.900" Title="My understanding are correct or not in page object pattern" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27747" CreationDate="2017-06-12T14:19:14.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that you are testing the responses from the app itself, not how it learns (process of the learning and the results of it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing app which includes machine learning is like any other opaque/black box app. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My only concern would be that as application learns more, what previously was valid correct answer would become invalid (as better answer is provided), but you would have to evaluate it as any changed answer from a black box: Is it valid? You may ask ML group to evaluate if they like such changed answer, in app is learning &quot;right way&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T14:19:14.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27755" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-12T14:25:21.397" Score="2" ViewCount="2381" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static String driverPath = &quot;C:/&quot;;&#xA;public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void Circulars() throws Exception  {&#xA;&#xA;    ExcelUtils.setExcelFile(&quot;C://TestData//TestData.xlsx&quot;, &quot;Sheet1&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    String username = ExcelUtils.getCellData(1, 1);   &#xA;    String password = ExcelUtils.getCellData(1, 2); &#xA;&#xA;    driver = WebPortalLogin.login(username, password);&#xA;&#xA;    circulars(driver);&#xA;    option_list(driver);&#xA;    close_browser();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void circulars(WebDriver driver)     {&#xA;&#xA;    WebPortalNGFile.communication(driver).click();&#xA;    WebPortalNGFile.circulars(driver).click();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void option_list(WebDriver driver)       {&#xA;&#xA;    WebPortalNGFile.communication(driver).click();&#xA;    WebPortalNGFile.option_list(driver).click();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void close_browser()    {&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25633" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T14:44:21.583" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T15:29:12.257" Title="How to continue executing to @Test after throwing an exception without calling @Test on exception method on Selenium Webdriver using TestNG" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-12T14:43:52.820" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation testing is just programming. Programming is not for everyone, but if you can do database SQL queries, then you do have enough appropriate mindset so you can learn programming if you want to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be just a question of selecting a language that would a good fit. Scripting languages are &lt;em&gt;DESIGNED&lt;/em&gt; for this role, and Python is the most popular of them. It will allow you to automate many file-shuffling tasks, text parsing tasks, query the database, etc, even if you don't want to dive into the deep end with Selenium WebDriver to automate the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you &lt;em&gt;CAN&lt;/em&gt; stay manual tester, but your career will benefit if you explore areas outside your current comfort zone. Seriously, take a look at Python, you will like it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:35:27.353" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:35:27.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-12T15:17:54.643" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Can a Manual Tester survive in software industry without learning&#xA;  Automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the modern software world is going to a &lt;a href=&quot;https://puppet.com/blog/continuous-delivery-vs-continuous-deployment-what-s-diff&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous deployment&lt;/a&gt; model, all testing shall be automated. If you like it or not. As the Agile movement grows and quality becomes a team effort, developers will try to minimize handovers. Any manual testing during development could be execute by developers. If I was a CTO or Development Manager I would want my developers to be great testers as well. You should not postpone testing until the end of the process as it is not optional. This does require teaching developers new skills to critique the product from a user perspective though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Non-coding quality&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're a tester and you don't like coding I would have a look at combining a Scrum Master role with software quality management. You could focus on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.davidchappell.com/writing/white_papers/The_Three_Aspects_of_Software_Quality_v1.0-Chappell.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Process, Structural and Functional quality&lt;/a&gt; and coach teams in how they can improve their cycle by keeping quality high. This needs a bit of technical background, but not programming persee. I love coaching &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical excellence&lt;/a&gt; practises, which include automation. Become a software quality expert and do some consulting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still for a long time some companies will use traditional testing practises. I know some pension-funds that have a lot of manual testers. They will have them for a lot of years to come. Just as there &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cio.com/article/3050836/developer/why-its-time-to-learn-cobol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;is still a demand for COBOL-programmers&lt;/a&gt;, there will be a need for manual testing experts during your lifetime. You might even get paid more as no new people are being trained. You might need to relocated to such a company though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-12T16:18:39.040" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T16:18:39.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25738" CreationDate="2017-06-12T17:12:02.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This should work even in firefox:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;action.click(driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@id='gbwa']/div[1]/a&quot;)).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below will click the &lt;strong&gt;news&lt;/strong&gt; links in apps menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//div[@id='gbwa']/div[2]/ul[1]/li[6]/a&quot;).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26188" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T17:12:02.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27751" CreationDate="2017-06-12T17:41:35.453" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I want to know the detailed explanation and advantages of using page object pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium has this documented in their &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/06_test_design_considerations.jsp#page-object-design-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Design Considerations&lt;/a&gt; page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What should I need to improve or going good?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way you handle the WebDriver will not work in parallel runs, as you have a static global variable. I have the driver setup in a TestBase class that each Test class inherits. Each test creates a driver for itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you are using Assert backwards. The expected object is &quot;MY ACCOUNT&quot; so it should be the first parameter. This way when an exception occurs the error will read &quot;Expected : MY ACCOUNT. Encountered: {valueFromTheVariable}.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The good news is your basic understanding is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;POMs contain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The object constructor (which initializes the Page Objects)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The find element locators&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page specific functions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests should follow &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?ArrangeActAssert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Arrange, Act, Assert&lt;/a&gt;. Tests include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Arrange - Call a POM method to get you where you need to go (like a login page)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Act - Call a POM method to perform some page specific action (like filling out and submitting a form)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert - Use xUnit/TestNG/Etc. assert classes to ensure that the series of events ends with some expected condition&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T17:41:35.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27755" CreationDate="2017-06-12T17:50:22.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You want to &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/exceptions/catch.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;catch&lt;/a&gt; the exception. Although, if an exception is being thrown there is likely a good reason and you should do everything you can to prevent it and handle the error more appropriately than ignoring it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    // call your method&#xA;}&#xA;catch {&#xA;    // do nothing&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T17:50:22.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27763" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-12T19:55:47.890" Score="1" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a windows service that issues thousands of android ADB commands to devices, I plan to go through the source for it and document all possible scenarios/paths, there are a lot of if &lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt; do &lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt; scenarios, I want a documented flow/path diagram I can provide to the QA team to aid in test case writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to handle this? Is there a specific name for this type of diagram, are there online websites that can aid in the creation of said diagram?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want any scenario missed here and some scenarios only occur rarely so I want to list every possible path through this windows service execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2019-12-08T16:31:59.760" Title="How to document the paths of my windows service in an easy to read diagram?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26829" CreationDate="2017-06-12T22:13:39.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Honestly, it depends on the organization, the developement methodology, and the QA guidelines. You could say a defect is simply a bug report, a bug is a confirmed bug, an error is a user-facing error (or is user error - an error caused by the user), a fault is a type of bug, and a failure is when, for any number of reasons, the system does not meet the agreed upon standards or metrics that it was designed to meet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these change depending on your organization and personal opinion. A website that expects 50 purchases per day and is very well designed and bug free, but only nets 49 purchases per day could be called a failure by management, despite being bug, defect, and error free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26177" LastActivityDate="2017-06-12T22:13:39.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27751" CreationDate="2017-06-12T22:17:47.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've written extensively on your question: &quot;I want to know the detailed explanation and advantages of using page object pattern.&quot;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key is that classes should only do one thing!  This is called &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=separation%20of%20concerns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Separation of Concerns&lt;/a&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=single%20responsibility%20principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Single Responsibility Pattern&lt;/a&gt;&quot; which are bedrock patterns for keeping code maintainable.  If you mix concerns, the code is not maintainable in the long term. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, the most important other concept is &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=favor%20composition%20over%20inheritance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Favor Composition over inheritance&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. With this concept, we learn to create add-in parts to our applications. With composition we are able to add, maintain, remove parts without impacting any other parts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, by doing this you are much more ready to create tools that generate code automatically.  Automate the Automation!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/can-mvvm-applied-pom-john-peters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here's an article on going even further than just the Page Object Model&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastEditorUserId="11086" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T12:05:48.047" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T12:05:48.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27755" CreationDate="2017-06-13T05:38:58.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 10; i++) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;&#xA;      // call your Test method &#xA;    }&#xA;    catch {&#xA;        // after catching exception use continue statement&#xA;     continue;&#xA;      }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@AfterClass&#xA;public void close_browser()    {&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T05:38:58.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27767" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27768" CreationDate="2017-06-13T07:27:46.627" Score="2" ViewCount="68" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a says that &quot;There is no patch for human stupidity&quot; Human is the weakest point of any system, In the field of Security &quot;Social Engineering&quot; is a very popular technique to gather information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of employees Knowingly or Unknowingly becoming the thread for organization So my question is How can someone prevent to be a victim of social engineering?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T07:40:10.903" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T07:49:13.460" Title="How can someone prevent to become a victim of social engineering?" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;security&gt;&lt;penetration&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2017-06-14T02:37:30.793" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27767" CreationDate="2017-06-13T07:49:13.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Continuous education is the key. Implement a strict security policy as well.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Social engineering threat originates from both internal employees and external strangers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For Internal Employees:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In recent years, the most common factor in security breaching is &lt;strong&gt;revenge&lt;/strong&gt;. People do not walk around with a revenge meter on the top of their heads, so there is no way to effectively identify people who are holding a grudge and about to breach security via social engineering.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;People who hold a grudge can look over others' shoulders for admin passwords, can sweet-talk to other colleagues into giving away confidential information and etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous education is the best defense you can get, although it is not a silver bullet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A company should establish its own security policy and educate its employees on regular intervals.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not allow an employee to bring in their own laptops or take home work laptops if the project they are working on has a high sensitivity. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Limit sensitive information to a need-to-know basis.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For external strangers:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;External strangers will have to &quot;social engineer&quot; internal employees into giving away information.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Educate internal employees so that they are less likely to give away confidential information.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do not allow internal employees to take home any data storage hardware.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Will it work?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To a degree, yes, but there is no bullet-proof in social engineering prevention. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;People will tell others secret voluntarily just to show off &quot;I know something you do not.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;People will steal information for money, for revenge and etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When a company grows beyond a certain size, you can not effectively control so many people or monitor them, at the end of the day, it all comes down to their willingness to keep a secret. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T07:49:13.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25431" CreationDate="2017-06-13T07:55:24.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You haven't switched to the child window yet, because when you have used &lt;code&gt;getWindowHnadles&lt;/code&gt; you will get all the current windows.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So when you are iterating, its still in the main window, and the element to enter data won't be there in the main window so that you will get an error.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;use a condition so that it won't execute if handle is of main window. like this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(wHandle!=parentWindowHandle)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18340" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T07:55:24.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2017-06-13T11:18:11.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Focus on core Education about Quality Assurance, Quality Engineering, testing and Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't focus on all those software programs you mention.  Companies list tools that they currently use.  It's nice if you know those tools but what most companies will be more impressed with is a good understanding of the basics such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The 4 quadrants of Agile Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The Test Pyramid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit testing and why Single Responsibility Principle is relevant to them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Page Objects for organizing tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance testing and what constitutes a good test system for performance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding and some use of Appium for automating Android and iOS devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Intermittent test failures - the bane of every shop - and techniques to fix them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The role of selenium, the seleniumIDE and selenium in languages - Ruby, Python, C#, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BDD, Given - When, Then, Cucumber and Gherkin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;TDD and why it works and what it fixes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Javascript testing in todays development world (Jasmine, Konacha, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The role of manual vs automated testing and advantages / disadvantages to each&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T11:23:21.873" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T11:23:21.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27672" CreationDate="2017-06-13T12:19:27.140" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your situation is there because of Technical Debt.  Everything you pointed out is controlled easily enough via Continual Review of your test suites.  The programming world has words for this &quot;Refactoring&quot;, &quot;Code Reviews&quot;, &quot;Test Result Reviews&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the steps which will allow your team to start actively maintaining your test cases, suites and ultimately the test plans.  The end result is absolute confidence in your product and a shift into automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Determine which test suites, test cases are the most important to your product. Rate them in priority order.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each new iteration schedule some time for test case reviews.  Open the code and or steps and run through them manually to determine if they are correct.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each Test Case that isn't correct create a bug and put it in the backlog for now. The bug should list an acceptance criteria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After you have enough bugs in the queue, rank them all.  Pay attention to the concept &quot;Most Value to the Product&quot;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each new iteration planning session pick off the top set of area you want to focus (from the bug queue), allowing for the proper effort based on available resources.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Within one year's time all tests of most value to the product would have been certified/reviewed to be proper. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start an automation effort to automate the Tests, the automation effort will consolidate many tests into one DLL and implement re-usable patterns.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hold code reviews for the automation work and get team approval of content.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add new manual and or automated tests as the need presents itself, but now make sure your process for integration is one that addresses any additional Technical Debt.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuously Improve always!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T12:19:27.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27774" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27714" CreationDate="2017-06-13T12:23:14.467" Score="4" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From your test framework or from logs, first identify the slow ones.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Debug each test (single stepping) to determine which area is slowest.  Identify if it's client or host related, backend, frontend, or just exactly which step chews up the most time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for any exceptions during the test run and address properly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need to do this, run a communications trace to see the offending side.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's the same process a developer uses when coding, start from the problem and work backwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T13:55:35.397" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T13:55:35.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3846" CreationDate="2017-06-13T12:26:14.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All QA team members will have an opinion on this, here's mine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn Javascript  (QA teams are moving to automation)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn Selenium (Best webbrowser automation tool out there)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn Boundary testing techniques. (Learn the most simple and effective test method)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within a year you'll be on the QA Team Slaying Bugs left and right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T12:26:14.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-13T13:24:29.487" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This smacks of a question students ask in grade school and high school. &quot;Do I really need to know this stuff?&quot; and &quot;When will this apply to real life?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The short answer is yes, you could most likely get away without ever having to do any programming.  However, it could be very valuable to know enough about the subject so as to be able to deal with people that do.  For example ... even though you don't like coding, understanding how to code would teach you that multiple posts in a thread are created via a &lt;code&gt;for loop&lt;/code&gt; which can lead to bugs with the first post or the last post if the programmer fat-fingered a number.  You would know that &lt;code&gt;x/0&lt;/code&gt; will break stuff ... or unicode could break stuff.  The more you know about how the code works, the more you know about the edge cases and where to look for problems&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your job involves finding new and creative ways of breaking stuff, however, once these ways are created they should be documented and automated so that they can be tested for more efficiently in the next release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are repeating the same tasks over and over again ... you are going to be replaced with an algorithm.&#xA;If you are using creativity to find new and interesting problems with the thing you are testing ... you will not be replaced until AI is capable of replicating the same type of creativity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22827" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:34:21.510" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:34:21.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27777" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27778" CreationDate="2017-06-13T14:10:24.013" Score="9" ViewCount="876" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a curious 6-year old daughter and she asks &lt;em&gt;a lot of questions&lt;/em&gt;. Me and my wife both do Quality Assurance, she does it full-time, I do it part-time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I think we have not managed to explain her what we do in a clear and fun way. So far she thinks that I create &lt;em&gt;computer programs&lt;/em&gt;, my wife checks them and creates tickets for me (she only knows parking, movie and theater tickets - I don't think she understood what we meant by &quot;ticket&quot; in this case). She uses a computer and other electronic devices from time to time and knows that I write &quot;code&quot; so that computer can follow my instructions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you explain what software testers do to a 6-year old in a, preferably, clear, fun and engaging way? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T11:13:06.267" Title="How to explain what a software tester does to a 6 year old?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27777" CreationDate="2017-06-13T14:27:55.467" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pretend you are going to lend a toy (a teddy bear) to a friend 'cos they really want it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before you lend the toy you want to make really sure it will make your friend happy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to have dinner first though so you need to make a note of it to remind you to come back to it after dinner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dinner is eaten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You know your friend really likes golden yellow teddy bears, especially those with soft fur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You check the teddy and it definitely is golden yellow and has soft fur.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You lend it to your friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That should cover: requirements, ticket, testing and verification :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the trick is to view the universe from her point of view - and that is a great lesson for the adult world and seeing a business from a customers point of view rather than the businesses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also find the following book helpful:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am a Bug – July 31, 1999 by Robert Sabourin (Author)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0968577407&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.amazon.com/dp/0968577407&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T11:13:06.267" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T11:13:06.267" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27755" CreationDate="2017-06-13T15:29:12.257" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case you don't know where an exception can occur you can use &lt;strong&gt;throws&lt;/strong&gt; instead of &lt;strong&gt;try/catch&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;return_type method_name() throws exception_class_name{  &#xA;//code  &#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17212" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T15:29:12.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27777" CreationDate="2017-06-13T16:36:23.243" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of our current thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;build a fun &lt;a href=&quot;https://scratch.mit.edu/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scratch&lt;/code&gt; program&lt;/a&gt;, then introduce &quot;bugs&quot; in it and ask her to find and fix them making the program work again. Then, explain that this is exactly what we are doing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.stickyminds.com/book/i-am-bug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;I am a Bug&quot; book&lt;/a&gt; by a &lt;em&gt;software tester&lt;/em&gt; Robert Sabourin which, it looks like, solved the very same problem 18 years ago (have not yet seen the contents of the book though):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Have you ever tried to explain your software career to a six-year-old?&#xA;  While exploding satellite launch software might hold their attention&#xA;  for a few minutes, defending Function Points versus Lines of Code will&#xA;  probably be a surefire way to lose your audience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Software tester Robert Sabourin has tried to bridge that information&#xA;  gap with his children’s book I am a Bug, and he makes his mission&#xA;  clear in the book’s title page. “This,” he writes, “is a picture book&#xA;  for Mommies and Daddies who help make Computer Software. We hope you&#xA;  have fun explaining your job as you read with your children!”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T16:36:23.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-13T16:40:18.157" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will probably be okay for the next five to ten years, but I think that after that our programming practices might be so refined that you'll struggle to catch bugs that won't be noticed by the product manager, designer, project manager, scrum master, B.A., and the developers themselves . . . not to mention the 'requirebugs' that customers come up with but a QA engineer would never find because, in a typical fast waterfall environment, they have no interaction with the customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Companies that sell automated software tools now state that QA engineers should either learn some form of automation or start thinking about switching to another role that appears in agile environments, such as product manager or scrum master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A product manager gets to hold that 'subject matter expert' position that many QA engineers enjoy, are essentially writing test cases in the form of requirements, AAANNND . . . you still get to test manually, if you like that sort of thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another interesting role, if you have a technical mindset, is cybersecurity. You may already have many of the skills needed to pursue that growing field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said, I would imagine that for the short term, there will be companies that insist on hands-on testing. The problem that I came across in those roles were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;my coworkers expected me to be the SME of ALL the products. And there were a lot of products. Eventually, I couldn't keep up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I felt like I wasn't expanding my knowledge base, while co-workers who did automate increased their skillset and got promoted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Developers, and sometimes everyone else, really expected me to QA literally everything. A database developer accused me of slacking off because he forgot to run a script after a deploy for a specific client. A graphic designer asked me to check the spellings of names on a pamphlet. Clients and client managers confused me for some sort of grouchy customer service intern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unmaintained, unloved, trashy regression tests written like puzzles (and often floating around for years after the feature was deprecated) made a thorough regression take WEEKS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Developers could fix bugs faster than I could write them up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I would note though if you decide to stay in QA: keep your skills as well-rounded as possible. Read design blogs, improve your grammar and writing skills, dip into web design for disability accommodation, bone up on Api's, and take a project management class. The manual engineers of tomorrow are going to have a strong knowledge base in all sorts of different fields that are pertinent to computer science.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23512" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-27T10:22:31.997" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T10:22:31.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27782" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-13T21:34:41.713" Score="4" ViewCount="5868" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium seems to be the mainstay in automated functional UI testing. But I'm wondering what peoples thoughts are on the pros and cons of using Selenium?&#xA;&lt;/p&gt; Have any of you chosen another route for automated functional UI testing? If so what was it and what were the reasons?&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;If you do use Selenium, what benefits have you found?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21831" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-06-13T21:41:16.607" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T12:51:18.997" Title="Selenium pros and cons" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;testing-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27783" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27782" CreationDate="2017-06-13T22:35:33.760" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pros:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open source, active contributions 24/7&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wide range of supported languages&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lots of online resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good multi browser support / Parallel testing &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Excellent for what it does (when you learn to implement it properly to prevent flaky/brittle tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy integration with the likes of Maven/TestNG/Jenkins etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multi OS support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lightweight in terms of resourcing compared to some alternative tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cons:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can be a tad harder to use than some other things, Selenium IDE isn't great&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web based stuff only, e.g no windows applications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can not interact with everything in the browser, e.g some popout dialogs require additional handling elsewhere&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No &lt;strong&gt;official&lt;/strong&gt; support channel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not ideal for image testing stuff&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-06-13T22:35:33.760" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27782" CreationDate="2017-06-14T02:23:50.707" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pros&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is open source tool, anyone can download &amp;amp; use&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It supports various operating environments (Windows, Linux, Mac etc...)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It supports various programming languages to create and execute Tests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It supports all popular web browsers&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It supports parallel test execution&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It uses less Hardware resources as compare to other popular tools like ...QTP/UFT&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cons&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Since it is open source tool, No reliable Technical support&#xA;(Official Users Group, Chat room in seleniumhq.org)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't support Desktop Applications/Windows bases applications&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No Other tool integration for Test Management&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Difficult to use as compare to other tools like QTP/UFT&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is a set of tools, e.g. JDK+Eclipes+Webdriver+TestNG+Firebug+Firepath so tool setup is more difficult than other tools like QTP/UFT where you configure one tool&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;New features may not work properly&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Deployment of selenium is manual and thus more difficult than the UI of tools like UFT / RFT&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T10:15:03.923" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T10:15:03.923" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27785" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-14T03:09:51.970" Score="5" ViewCount="19997" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just started learning SQA and before taking on paid projects I'd like to practice myself. Are there any websites where I can practice my testing skills? I have some programming skills and if I would try to perform a test on my own website I know that I won't find any mistakes because the websites are pretty simple. So, are there any websites at all that I can practice on?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26216" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T13:48:20.647" Title="Websites to practice SQA" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27786" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-14T04:58:41.593" Score="4" ViewCount="335" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Environment:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iOS version : 10.2.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mac iOS Version : 10.12 [macOS Sierra]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium : 1.1.0-beta.2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Background : I am trying to automate iOS app. I followed process to setup required for iOS Automation. As major changes is continuously deployed from TeamAppium. Need help for below error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Original error: Unable to launch WebDriverAgent because of xcodebuild failure: xcodebuild failed with code 65&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any one resolved this? If anyone is also facing same issue, please add your findings in comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T10:21:38.410" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T10:21:38.410" Title="How to resolve &quot;Original error: Unable to launch WebDriverAgent because of xcodebuild failure: xcodebuild failed with code 65&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-07-10T17:44:48.663" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27785" CreationDate="2017-06-14T05:35:41.923" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may get your first &lt;strong&gt;Manual testing&lt;/strong&gt; practice project on this link&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/free-online-software-testing-qa-training-course/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/free-online-software-testing-qa-training-course/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here in this project, you will get a better idea about STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle) or Testing process, the best thing about this project you can practice STLC. In this project, you will find step wise step process with respect of days, read it and practice it as per instruction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can practice on some demo sites, like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://phptravels.com/demo/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://phptravels.com/demo/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thedemosite.co.uk/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://thedemosite.co.uk/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.way2automation.com/demo.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.way2automation.com/demo.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://automationpractice.com/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://automationpractice.com/index.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://demoqa.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://demoqa.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After completing this you can perform testing on any website or application  as &lt;strong&gt;nothing is perfect or bug-free,&lt;/strong&gt; In starting it may be difficult to find bug &lt;strong&gt;but not impossible.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T16:48:27.890" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T16:48:27.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27789" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-14T07:15:06.223" Score="0" ViewCount="16711" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn&quot;&amp;gt;Enable&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my button element. I want to retrieve &quot;Enable&quot; back to my program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/table/tbody/tr[16]/td[4]/div/button&quot;)).getText.matches(&quot;Enable&quot;))&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test Pass&quot;);&#xA;    //return true;&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{System.out.println(&quot;Test Failed&quot;);&#xA;    //return false;&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26218" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T11:17:06.810" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T19:41:30.960" Title="How to retrieve text written on the button element in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27789" CreationDate="2017-06-14T07:18:00.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a mistake. The function is &lt;code&gt;.getText()&lt;/code&gt;. The brackets are missing in my code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26218" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T09:03:22.303" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T09:03:22.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27777" CreationDate="2017-06-14T07:39:21.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pick a video game of her favorite. And explain how the game works. Tell her what happens when she uses the game controls. Later, explain to her how the game works and explain how the tester ensures the game works properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22786" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T07:39:21.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27782" CreationDate="2017-06-14T08:36:19.460" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;So you've already been given some pretty good pros and cons, I'll answer your question regarding other possible routes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm working with a company that bought several TestComplete licences, so I was asked to use TC instead of Selenium. While Selenium can be imported into TC, I found that you could create some pretty nice Object Model Pattern testing frameworks within TC without using Selenium - for both Web UI and Desktop applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's much easier to set up page objects for sites that are text-field heavy. You can use the recording tool to click and enter text on every text box, and this then creates a script containing all of the text field accessors. I remember the days of using the Browsers developer console to copy them all out - and I don't miss it! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, Selenium is great because it's quick to get started with. However, I'm creating tests around twice as fast thanks to the ability of scraping accessors from a website with TCs recording tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T08:36:19.460" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27793" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28001" CreationDate="2017-06-14T08:39:13.893" Score="2" ViewCount="1585" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to create JMeter script in which some API calls are made only after the response to the API calls which it is dependent upon is received successfully. Is it possible in JMeter? And if yes then please let me know how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18961" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T07:05:08.990" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T09:38:10.187" Title="How can I provide delay between dependent API calls dynamically in JMeter script" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27789" CreationDate="2017-06-14T09:15:20.613" Score="4" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button name=&quot;btnK&quot; id=&quot;gbqfba&quot; aria-label=&quot;Google Search&quot; class=&quot;gbqfba&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;gbqfsa&quot;&amp;gt;Google Search&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Button tag has multiple attributes 'name', 'id', 'class' and 'aria-label' and has values for each attribute. To get the attribute value using selenium WebDriver, we can use &lt;code&gt;element.getAttribute(attributeName)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/table/tbody/tr[16]/td[4]/div/button&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    if(button.getAttribute(&quot;name&quot;).matches(&quot;Enable&quot;))&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Test Pass&quot;);&#xA;        //return true;&#xA;    }&#xA;    else{&#xA;       System.out.println(&quot;Test Failed&quot;);&#xA;        //return false;&#xA;    } &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T09:15:20.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27795" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-14T14:08:29.583" Score="1" ViewCount="2959" Body="&lt;p&gt;How many test cases are necessary to cover all the possible sequences of statements (paths) for the following program fragment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (condition 1)&#xA;&#xA;    then statement 1&#xA;&#xA;else statement 2&#xA;&#xA;fi&#xA;&#xA;if statement 2&#xA;&#xA;    then statement 3&#xA;&#xA;fi&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer is supposed to be 3 but I don't know why? can someone draw a diagram or explain this? ISTQB Foundation Level Paper #3 no. 37.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26228" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:18:49.680" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T15:10:04.287" Title="ISTQB Foundation Level Paper 3, no. 37" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27796" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27853" CreationDate="2017-06-14T14:21:20.883" Score="1" ViewCount="980" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using JMeter and I need to get the value of &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;productid&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; from an Http API response (productid = 001)[see Http API response screenshot] and pass it to a jdbc request [see JDBC request screenshot]. How do I do this without using xpath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Http API response:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FrLnz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FrLnz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JDBC request:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Me5M.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Me5M.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T12:08:34.303" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T06:25:08.350" Title="JMeter - Pass http response values to jdbc request without using xpath extractor?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;sql&gt;&lt;sql-injection&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27777" CreationDate="2017-06-14T14:30:28.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tell your child that it's like the coders give you a vending machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you put candy and chips into the vending machine, you decide how much of each item you want to start with. You also get to decide the prices on the items in the vending machine. -  Sometimes you don't, but best case scenario you get to create your test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you start by doing the easy tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YOU: &quot;If I put in a dollar, and I select A1 do I get the bag of chips?&#xA;  Do I get any change?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you should get the bag of chips, or you don't get the correct change, then you call the coder over and show them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;YOU: &quot;Hey I did this, and I didn't get what I wanted&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The coder sometimes looks at the problem and knows immediately that you did something wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CODER: &quot;You hit 1A, not A1. Try again using A1&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But sometimes you put money in, hit A1 and the bag of chips starts to come, but gets stuck. Then you have to show it to the coder, and the coder will say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;CODER: &quot;Well that's not my problem, you have to talk to the&#xA;  architecture guy. He probably made the gap between the glass and the&#xA;  products too narrow. I told him I wanted more space because we wanted&#xA;  to put candy and chips in the vending machine, but he said it costs&#xA;  too much money.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you have to deal with the coder and the architecture guys going back and forth. You just wanted a bag of chips - but THEY turned it into a &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Who's engineering degree is better?&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; contest. Which is why you got out of dealing with code or architecture by doing software testing. So you just write the issue down and hand it to them to figure it out while you try to move on and do more testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That issue is a bug. Coder's HATE the word bug ... it means they are not infallible ... but they are, and so are you, and so is the architect... everyone makes mistakes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maybe once these two stop working against one another and actually try to get something done, you get a fix to the &quot;glass too close to product&quot; issue. Then you can test it again on the vending machine. Until then you can't do any more testing, so you just drink coffee, and browse Facebook.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You to try to get all of the products out of the machine, and you keep checking that each time the machine took your money, gave you the right candy or chips, and gave you the right change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've done all that work, you have to try to break the vending machine. You start doing &quot;silly&quot; things like putting no money in and pushing buttons. If you got candy, but didn't pay for it that would be great - but in the real world that means that the vending machines would always be empty. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the vending machine wasn't built correctly because the coder assumed no one would ever try to get candy without paying money they'd lose all their candy. Then the coders wouldn't get money or have candy. That would be sad... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all the products got stuck in the vending machine because the architect didn't know that a bag of chips can turn sideways as gravity takes over, then people that did pay for chips wouldn't get them. That would also be sad...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your job is to help make sure the vending machine works the right way. But you also have make sure that the vending machine doesn't work if someone tried to use it the wrong way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you say the vending machine is ready, then your company starts putting them everywhere for everyone to use. Because you did your job your company starts making a lot of money from people buying candy and chips from the vending machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's just functional testing though. There are other tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usability tests - Are the buttons on the vending machine too high up for a child to reach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance tests - How long does it take to get my candy? How long will it take a bunch of people in a line to get candy out of the machine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Security tests - Does the vending machine take credit cards? Does it have WIFI? Can I get all of the credit card numbers from the vending machine... to buy candy for myself at a different vending machine...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T14:30:28.997" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27785" CreationDate="2017-06-14T14:36:34.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated testing of a website is just automating a browser to do whatever you want to do with a page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So first step is to become a competent programmer: know your language, know how to design data structures, design patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read about design patterns you need to write competent programs. One design pattern you definitely want to use in QA is PageObject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get any website, try automating browser with any interaction you would want to do with it. The only restriction would be, do not hit the website too much, so you don't consume too many resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing whatever you want to do with a website is the hard part. Checking that website responded correctly is the easy part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T14:36:34.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27782" CreationDate="2017-06-14T14:46:01.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the comment to answers, @Crustyeyelids, there is a big misunderstanding. There is a big difference between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&quot;Selenium IDE&quot; (small part of the Selenium project) and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium project with all the components: Grid, Webdriver, Selenium Server (and IDE).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE is almost useless, for real production tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium (project) is &lt;strong&gt;W3C standard for browser automation&lt;/strong&gt;. W3C standard is a BF deal. Google W3C to be enlighted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T20:37:44.067" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T20:37:44.067" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27800" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27807" CreationDate="2017-06-14T14:50:11.477" Score="2" ViewCount="1625" Body="&lt;p&gt;We run our tests on Jenkins using &lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt; generating a JUnit XML test report via &lt;code&gt;JUnitXmlReporter&lt;/code&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/larrymyers/jasmine-reporters&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jasmine-reporters&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to attach screenshots, with the current state of an application under test at the time of a failure, to the JUnit XML report and then show these screenshots on the Jenkins test report page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I understand, there is no single existing solution/tool to solve this problem, there are multiple things involved. Would appreciate any pointers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T20:02:53.127" Title="Attaching screenshots to JUnit test reports" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;screenshot&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27801" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-14T14:59:23.043" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T14:59:23.043" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T14:59:23.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27802" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-14T14:59:23.043" Score="0" Body="CSS selectors are patterns that match against elements in a document tree. In a CSS rule, they are used to define styles for elements that match the pattern." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T15:15:58.180" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:15:58.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27795" CreationDate="2017-06-14T15:29:32.307" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's three paths. If I express it via a more c# syntax you get this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (condition1)&#xA;{&#xA;     statement = statement1;&#xA;}&#xA;else &#xA;{ &#xA;     statement = statement2;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That gives us 2 paths:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;condition1 == true -&amp;gt; statement1&#xA;condition1 == false -&amp;gt; statement2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, statement 2 is checked for true/false:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (statement2)&#xA;{&#xA;    statement = statement3&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your 3 end points are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;condition1 true -&amp;gt; statement1 (value doesn't matter)&#xA;condition1 false -&amp;gt; statement2 true -&amp;gt; statement3&#xA;condition1 false -&amp;gt; statement2 false -&amp;gt; statement2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:29:32.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27804" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27808" CreationDate="2017-06-14T15:47:51.890" Score="1" ViewCount="157" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium 3 came out in 2016.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which ruby test frameworks have adopted it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to use &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; which is available in Selenium 3 for selecting elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T20:53:48.920" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T21:56:57.243" Title="What ruby automation options (capybara, watir) will let me use Selenium 3?" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27804" CreationDate="2017-06-14T15:47:51.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;As of 06/14/2017&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;capybara is still on Selenium 2&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;watir release 6.0 (Nov 9th 2016) has support for Selenium 3&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T15:47:51.890" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27672" CreationDate="2017-06-14T18:23:17.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One system I worked on had a 100% failure framework, &lt;em&gt;(actually it was a set of stubs output by the design tool),&lt;/em&gt; that was run as a part of the automated test suite, (Jenkins), with an evaluation criteria that the number of failures had to exactly equal the number of tests, (there was also a 1 test 1 result policy). Whenever the criteria was not met the test that did not give a fail result was revised.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T18:23:17.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27800" CreationDate="2017-06-14T20:02:53.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't tried it but I remember seeing it in a YouTube video I watched years ago. Kohsuke Kawaguchi's talk &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QzAnUzqAsqE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins Selenium Meetup: Kohsuke Kawaguchi on how Jenkins + Selenium = Love&lt;/a&gt; at around the 18 minute mark.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T20:02:53.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27804" CreationDate="2017-06-14T21:08:55.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are the listed dependencies (as of 6/14/2017)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rubygems.org/gems/capybara/versions/2.14.2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;capybara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;selenium-webdriver &amp;lt; 4.0, &gt;= 2.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Except version 3.4.1 due to this &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/teamcapybara/capybara/commit/2cce7eb4d337a00a9639db0c085d4eb199dce506&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;issue&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;s.add_development_dependency(&quot;selenium-webdriver&quot;, [&quot;&amp;gt;= 2.0&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt; 4.0&quot;, &quot;!=3.4.1&quot;])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rubygems.org/gems/watir-webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;watir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;selenium-webdriver &gt;= 2.46.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-14T21:56:57.243" LastActivityDate="2017-06-14T21:56:57.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27809" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-14T23:30:32.987" Score="2" ViewCount="215" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a web page which we load inside the Android App and iOS App. the web page is having a header slot and footer slot and a banner slot for the image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When developers attach the URL's of the images to the header, footer and banner slots most of the times the images are not fitting within the screens. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They cross the boundaries of the screen size &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Image with text content is hidden by the button in the banner slot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have to do an automation which actually checks if the images are not overlapped with the button in the banner slot and the images are not going beyond the screen sizes after the images appear in the device.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I checked few ideas like Sikuli and some screenshot comparison libraries. What I'm looking for is some tool that is closer to the human recognition which can tell whether the image is going beyond the limit. Automation should be able to check the image corners and borders or any design in the original image are also available in the image loaded in the slots in the mobile phone&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also used the OCR like Tesseract and Cuneiform OCR but the resultant text is not completely the correct text. These OCR's are able to fetch the Thick and large font but they are not able to fetch the small and thin font properly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone tell me which library or tool I can use to automate this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm uploading the image how our web page looks like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26233" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T02:09:57.513" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T20:16:50.940" Title="Image comparision automation and OCR: Two images of different resolutions and one would be a cropped and resized image of the original image" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;image-based-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27810" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-15T05:06:51.193" Score="4" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've clubbed feature related tests in one test class. Suppose we've 50 tests in that class.&#xA;Out of 50, suppose there are 5 test cases which require common test data or pre-requisites.&#xA;If I create/set it in setup method of class like &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt; annotation of TestNG and delete/reset&#xA;in tear down method like &lt;code&gt;@AfterClass&lt;/code&gt;, it has following drawbacks -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I want to run single test or tests, which does/do not belong to those 5 tests, still it'll perform create/set &#xA;operations which are irrelevant to this test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also it confuses new tester which data is for which tests. Unnecessarily makes him to think what &lt;code&gt;@BeforClass&lt;/code&gt; is doing for all following tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If data/set up only required for specific tests, system should be retain to earlier state after those tests are executed. This statement also fails here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is following better approach to handle this -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Even though 5 tests require same setup and test data, we should create/set it for each test and remove/reset it after that test is run.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this also has drawback - this will increase execution time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest what is best approach used in such cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt; These five test cases are such that those cannot be handled with data provider.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5218" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T11:26:56.127" Title="How to create test data/pre-requisites if it is required for only few of test cases of a test class?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-15T06:01:51.023" Score="6" ViewCount="390" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a SoapUI Beginner, using SOAPUI(version 5.3.0) open source for API testing. I want to fetch all Rest API with a proxy. But whenever I use HTTP Monitoring Tool in soapUI to fetch all the rest APIs I am receiving Null pointer exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Under preferences, added proxy for localhost. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The same proxy setting is made on Firefox browsers. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Launched HTTP monitor.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, whenever I hit a URL for any website. The website is throwing a Nullpointer exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about below points:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If soapUI does not support capturing rest API's till now for open source.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If yes how can I capture the rest API's?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26225" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T06:16:42.130" LastActivityDate="2018-11-01T17:00:37.390" Title="Unable to capture Rest API's in soapui with proxy" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;&lt;proxy&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27812" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27810" CreationDate="2017-06-15T08:43:15.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Supposing that your tests must all remain in a single class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suggestion 1&lt;/strong&gt;: retrieve your test name in &lt;code&gt;BeforeMethod&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;AfterMethod&lt;/code&gt; methods &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8596632/retrieve-test-name-on-testng&quot;&gt;like so&lt;/a&gt;. Then use logic (if/else, switch) to determine which set-up or teardown actions to take, depending on the case which is running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suggestion 2&lt;/strong&gt;: write a private initialize method in your test class. Then call this method as the first step in the related tests only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T08:43:15.920" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27810" CreationDate="2017-06-15T09:05:18.817" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suggestion 3&lt;/strong&gt; (following FDM's 2): Extract the tests that need the extra setup into a separate class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suggestion 4:&lt;/strong&gt; Put the special tests into a group. Put the special setup into its own &lt;code&gt;@BeforeGroups&lt;/code&gt; method that runs just before the special tests' group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T09:05:18.817" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27810" CreationDate="2017-06-15T09:11:06.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two factors I would consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whether to repeat the setup for each of the 5 tests.  The answer here is usually yes.  We've learned over time that once you are not 100 sure about starting and ending state, due to shared data, bad things happen and bugs become very hard to diagnose.  It may seem unnecessary to recreate reference data every time but it is the cleanest solution.  When data is shared among all tests and no test every changes it &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; be ok to share it.  For example zip code reference file - however it is also preferable to test specific zip codes - perhaps 5-10, rather than using a reference file that may contain 100,000 entries.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is important to have readable tests.  When multiple tests share setup you can often structure the tests so that the setup which is shared is only defined once.  This is done like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;setup for all tests (separate files)&#xA;&#xA;setup for all tests in the file&#xA;&#xA;  setup up for a group of tests within a file&#xA;&#xA;    setup up for a subgroup of tests(...)&#xA;&#xA;      setup for a individual tests&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that for each individual test &lt;strong&gt;ALL&lt;/strong&gt; the defined setups will run and after each test, full teardown should occur&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T09:11:06.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27782" CreationDate="2017-06-15T10:01:11.113" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pros: you can start writing cross-browser code in your favorite programming language in a matter of hours&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium tests are unstable.&#xA;WebDriver libraries version trail the auto-updating browser and there’s always something small that doesn’t quite work. Often when you get the new version of the Selenium libraries that is supposed to fix the issue, you discover that now something that used to work doesn’t work the same way anymore. Add to that multiple versions of browsers, and you are constantly chasing a moving target.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Good tests require good coders.&#xA;Yeah, I’m sure there are plenty of good developers automating web testing through Selenium. But for everyone’s benefit it’s optimal to have your best developers write product features and leave automation testing to lesser skilled people. For better or worse, many companies leave UI test development to junior developers or non-CS graduates, which results in at best mediocre code quality that is a liability over time. Writing a good Selenium test requires understanding of the browser, CSS, AJAX and application page structure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test maintenance is a drag.&#xA;This of course is true for any automated tests. The more of them you build, the more time you have to spend updating them for new features and dealing with false positives. The reason I hold Selenium culprit here is that it is a very low-level API that doesn’t offer much help to the developer in test maintenance like dealing with element locators, page screenshots and error capturing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium test suites take too long to run.&#xA;Write enough Selenium tests and your suite will take days to finish. No framework out there can make a browser run faster and Selenium has pretty cool support for grid that can run parallel tests on multiple computers. But very few people have actually set it up and again, it requires quite a bit of skill to keep that beast running.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE lacks crucial functionality&#xA;The concept behind the lightweight Selenium IDE is neat, but very few companies can actually use it for production purposes. The IDE doesn’t offer much in the way of functionality or browser support, and the tests it produces are, essentially, poorly implemented WebDriver code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Low ROI&#xA;Selenium is de-facto the only browser automation API that at a low level gives you everything you need. But it requires a very capable technical test automation engineer, and even then the productivity is low.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26238" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T12:51:18.997" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T12:51:18.997" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27810" CreationDate="2017-06-15T11:21:27.493" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I dislike setup methods for test-data and such, as they keep the cause and effect separated, possibly leading to unclear effects when reading the tests. Read the &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2017/01/testing-on-toilet-keep-cause-and-effect.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google testing on the toilet: Keep cause and effect clear&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create your own setup-methods, don't use methods that get called automatically by the unit-testing framework. Here an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testExampleForSomeBehavior() {&#xA;  // Arrange&#xA;  callAMethodToSetupTestDataSpecificForThisTestItCreatesUsersAndTestData()&#xA;  // Act&#xA;  steps to execute behavior...&#xA;  // Assert&#xA;  verify behavior&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have 50 tests in your class this means if you put the code of       &lt;code&gt;callAMethodToSetupTestData()&lt;/code&gt; into the regular setup methods you need to scroll up to understand the test. Better to group it into another method and give it a good and clear name that describes the test-data. The only code that goes into the &lt;code&gt;setup()&lt;/code&gt; is something you need for all your tests, e.g. creating a browser instance or a database connection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I would create more classes. Name your tests classes after the behavior they test. Keep it clean. Clean code is easy to read and understand. Just putting more and more tests in one class is the  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourcemaking.com/refactoring/smells/large-class&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;classic large-class code-smell&lt;/a&gt; for me. Not all tests test the same behavior or application part probably. 50 just sounds like a lot of test for a single behavior, maybe you also have a lot of test-duplication, maybe you can remove some tests while keeping the same functional coverage. Also I tend to separate unit, integration and functional-tests into different classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T11:26:56.127" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T11:26:56.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27818" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26829" CreationDate="2017-06-15T12:13:36.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In today's world of software functional testing services these are some terms that requires clarification and below &#xA;are the details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&#xA;Error is a human action that produces an incorrect result. It is deviation from actual and expected value. The mistakes made by programmer is known as an ‘Error’. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failure:&#xA;Failure is a deviation of the software from its intended purpose. It is the inability of a system or a component to perform its required functions within specified requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug:&#xA;A Bug is the result of a coding Error or Fault in the program which causes the program to behave in an unintended or unanticipated manner. Bugs arise from mistakes and errors, made by people, in either a program’s source code or its design. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fault or Defect:&#xA;A Defect is a deviation from the Requirements. A Defect is a condition in a software product which does not meet a software requirement. In other words, a defect is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to produce incorrect/unexpected result. This could be hardware, software, network, performance, format, or functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A Bug is the result of a coding Error and A Defect is a deviation from the Requirements.  A defect does not necessarily mean there is a bug in the code, it could be a function that was not implemented but defined in the requirements of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T12:13:36.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27819" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-15T13:40:40.203" Score="4" ViewCount="1113" Body="&lt;p&gt;XPath extractor response assertion passed &lt;strong&gt;first run&lt;/strong&gt; but in &lt;strong&gt;second run&lt;/strong&gt; it is getting failed because &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;pc&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is not coming in API. How to skip this element if it is not coming in &lt;strong&gt;second run&lt;/strong&gt; without failing response assertion or any suggestions for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;API response first run:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5me4q.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5me4q.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;API response in second run&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: missing element &amp;lt; name &gt; pc &amp;lt; /name &gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y2Put.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y2Put.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xsZAw.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xsZAw.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response assertion&lt;/strong&gt; - DB values(name_1)using jdbc request match with xml element(name) in API response&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/44LG0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/44LG0.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:37:32.880" LastActivityDate="2021-04-09T04:04:15.403" Title="How to use Jmeter Xpath extractor for multiple run in dynamic API elements" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27821" CreationDate="2017-06-15T14:18:42.880" Score="1" ViewCount="588" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our test suite runs for about 25 minutes.  Not the worst I've seen but not the same as another complex project we have that runs in 10 minutes.  Both projects include unit, integrated and feature(UI) tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is the feature tests than run the slowest. How could we speed them up?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T14:32:27.770" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T14:32:27.770" Title="How can I speed up my rspec-capybara feature tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27820" CreationDate="2017-06-15T14:18:42.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the test setups for slow code paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure tests still reflect active product functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See if different feature tests overlap what they are testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for negative assertions that are waiting unnecessarily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure factory girl is being used correctly (build vs. create)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check for correct usage of &lt;code&gt;js&lt;/code&gt; flag to run headless when possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check that vcr cassettes exist and aren't git ignored if vcr is being used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review expectation for &lt;code&gt;expect(page)&lt;/code&gt; that could be more specific in the locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See if any separate tests can be combined into single tests with multiple assertions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compare unit and user acceptance and see if unit tests can replace any user acceptance tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T14:18:42.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17283" CreationDate="2017-06-15T14:25:57.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This worked on Firefox 51 and 53, with Selenium IDE 2.9.1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the stack/three lines menu (&lt;strong&gt;&amp;#9776;&lt;/strong&gt;), press &quot;Customize&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drag the Selenium IDE icon from the &quot;&lt;em&gt;Additional Tools and Features&lt;/em&gt;&quot; pane into the icon panel;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Restart Firefox.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;Shift&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;S&lt;/kbd&gt;, for a side window, and &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;Alt&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;S&lt;/kbd&gt;, for a separate window, should now work, as well as the Selenium IDE icon and &lt;em&gt;Tools&lt;/em&gt; menu.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26241" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T14:25:57.283" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27820" CreationDate="2017-06-15T14:28:48.530" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Comparing complex projects is not really fair. One project maybe slow when used end-to-end, while the other is blazing fast. Sure there will be a difference in how fast your feature tests will run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your tests in parallel in the cloud (Fast but costly)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Profile the tests and your application code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyse double coverage and try to move tests lower on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-pyramide&lt;/a&gt; if possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Measuring and researching is knowing. First analyse the slowest tests, execute it manually and check if the slowness is the application or the test. Optimize accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot optimize, run everything in parallel. If you build your tests to run in isolation this should be easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T14:28:48.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27824" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27829" CreationDate="2017-06-15T15:22:00.073" Score="7" ViewCount="345" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to mobile testing - my only experience was to just test some apps in two or three real devices manually. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since mobile development is agile, this needs to use test automation. I have experience in Selenium webdriver/grid and c# scripting and at least could use cross browser testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about how cross-device/platform work in mobile testing. Do emulators work 100% accurate? Our users would be global and I know there will be language support as well. Any tips on mobile testing and automation in general? Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-06-15T18:33:45.010" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T20:08:35.660" Title="How to switch from Web App tester to Mobile App tester" Tags="&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27825" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27826" CreationDate="2017-06-15T15:40:26.483" Score="2" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;The docs at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Step-Definitions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Step-Definitions&lt;/a&gt; are great and have tons of detail.  They're a bit overwhelming for a newbie to cucumber.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I just want to understand how my englishy spec will relate to the code it will execute and what files to put where.  What is a  high level summary of that ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T15:40:26.483" Title="What is a simple example of using Cucumber?" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27825" CreationDate="2017-06-15T15:40:26.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For this spec:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Buy car&#xA;&#xA;  Scenario: Jeff buys a car&#xA;    Given Jeff sees a car he want&#xA;    And he has the cash&#xA;    When he pays cash&#xA;    Then Jeff should own the car&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above spec file is called &lt;code&gt;buy_car.feature&lt;/code&gt; and is placed in &lt;code&gt;/spec/features/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The steps (Given, When, Then) inside &lt;code&gt;Scenario: Jeff buys a car&lt;/code&gt; will reference the ruby file &lt;code&gt;spec/features/step_definitions/buy_car_steps.rb&lt;/code&gt; which will have content like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given(&quot;Jeff sees a car he wants&quot;) do |car|&#xA;  perform capybara action to display car, e.g. visit, click, etc.&#xA;end&#xA;When(&quot;he pays cash&quot;) do |pay|&#xA;  perform payment actions (front or back end as desired)&#xA;end&#xA;And(&quot;he has the cash&quot;) do |cash_check|&#xA;  perform code to check bank balance is sufficient&#xA;end&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is right for where stuff goes and how it is named but welcome review and any correction.  I've always found the cucumber docs a little hard to get started with so wanted to help with another simple example for folks getting started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T15:40:26.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27827" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27833" CreationDate="2017-06-15T16:28:03.220" Score="4" ViewCount="685" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note, this is specific to TestRail but some questions could be considered generic issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have worked for a couple companies that have gone through the implementation of automation into TestRail. In each company, there has always been different practices of doing things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you automate a manual test case, what do you do with the manual case and what do you do with the automation case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 1: Do you keep the manual test and just flag it as automated, if so do you point to the case ID in automation to have a link and add any other fields to the TestRail case? How do you keep it up to date if the test changes?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 2: Do you delete the manual test and import the automated test in its place?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 3: Do you keep both tests but flag the manual one as automated? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What do you use the reference field for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 1: Do you use it to link the JIRA epic/story for the test case? how do you then link to the requirements? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 2: Do you use it to link to the requirements, if so, what tool do you use? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Most automated tests are WebDriver, API, etc., but do you include unit tests in TestRail? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If I have a manual test that's been automated but not under each platform, what do you do? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 1: Don't flag it as automated but make a note in the test stating it is automated for xyz platforms (or a separate test case field with automated platforms).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 2: Flag it as automated and spin up a new test case for the non-automated platforms.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 3: Not a concern, if it works on one platform, it should be sufficient.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you add automated tests to testrail that do not have a corresponding test case, where do you put them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 1: Use a section ID of the feature to place them where they should logically go.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 2: Use a section ID of the feature but then have an 'automated' folder where they go.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example 3: Have a flag automation folder.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How do you work around being reliant on testrail IDs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;example: if you migrate from a cloud solution to an on-premise solution, all of your IDs break. If each test case is linked to an ID, this would be thousands of code changes needed; or if a manual tester moves sections around to reorganize the group tree, it may break automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26245" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:09:30.783" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:09:30.783" Title="Best practices for automating manual test cases in TestRail" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27828" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27830" CreationDate="2017-06-15T18:43:39.640" Score="3" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been deployed at a customer's site for about two weeks now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yesterday I sat down with my manager and he told me that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The customer's test manager thought I was not doing my job pro-actively as I asked him whether I could modify a mindmap that had all the test case ideas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The customer's project manager thought I needed to increase the visibility of my work progress as for two days in a row I had not raised any bugs, the customer's project manager wanted to what I was doing all day.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The comments are not really fair, how do I deal with this kind of negative feedback?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am particularly worried that the customer's test manager and project manager have a different idea about what my testing should be like than I do. How do I fix this and how do I stop this happening again?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T11:38:26.140" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:56:52.647" Title="Contract tester: Customer expectations don't match what I thought was needed" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27824" CreationDate="2017-06-15T18:54:14.560" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Since mobile development is agile, this needs to use test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mobile development &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; be agile. It is not a given. Test automation can be done in any paradigm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do emulators work 100% accurate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say 100% but they are getting more accurate (I haven't had an issue since iOS 6). For Android, make sure to use an AVD with Google Play API services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have experience in Selenium webdriver/grid and c# scripting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you'll be at home writing Appium/Java tests. To me, C# and Java are basically the same. Especially when using common libraries like Selenium. Alternatively, I use Xamarin to test iOS and Android with great success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I am not sure about how cross-device/platform work in mobile testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I keep my desktop browser and mobile tests separate. They are different products and behave differently. I also keep my iOS and Android test projects separate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Any tips on mobile testing and automation in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing on mobile isn't different. As an example: an input is still an input and can be tested the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing to remember is that automated testing on mobile is like Selenium/browsers in that it just controls the app (or browser) and not the OS. It can be a chore to do things outside the app like disable wifi or handle system alerts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T18:54:14.560" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27828" CreationDate="2017-06-15T19:19:51.530" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds to me like the test people at your customer's site have different expectations of what a tester does than you have. For future reference, you should probably have started this deployment by finding out early what is expected of you and working with your manager if the expectations are going to be problematic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now I'd suggest you work along these lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Get your manager's perspective&lt;/strong&gt; - If your manager is supporting you, you will have different options than if your manager is supporting your customer's project manager and test manager. You need to know where you stand with your manager before you do anything else.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Get and set expectations&lt;/strong&gt; - Since it's obvious that expectations from the customer's side don't match what you expect to be doing when you're testing, you need to find out as soon as possible what the customer does expect of you.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Politely correct any misconceptions&lt;/strong&gt; - You will need to state the way you approached testing over the past 2 weeks, including the information you were surfacing and the way you were communicating that information. Chances are, given the feedback you received, that these were not the communication channels your customers expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Give facts, not excuses&lt;/strong&gt; - State any facts relevant to the situation, whatever they might be. Those facts might be that the customer's test manager's mind-map already had more than 90% of the test ideas you'd come up with so you thought that starting with it as a base would be less duplicated work than building your own from scratch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do not mention 'fair'&lt;/strong&gt; - This isn't a matter of being fair or unfair. It's mismatched expectations causing issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Attempt to match expectations&lt;/strong&gt; - Whatever the customer expectations are, make a reasonable attempt to meet them without compromising your testing standards. This means that if they expect you to be executing detailed test cases, you need to make a good faith attempt to document your test explorations within a test case framework.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keep the customer representatives in the loop&lt;/strong&gt; - Make sure you're keeping your customer's test manager and project manager in your communications. It's possible they were expecting that your primary communication would be bug reports, and when they didn't receive any they thought something was wrong. You need to counter this impression for the rest of your stay. If that means you need to send them a summary of findings at the end of each day, send them a summary of findings at the end of each day.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above all, &lt;strong&gt;don't complain&lt;/strong&gt;. You've accidentally left a bad impression of your employer's testing practices. Now it's up to you to turn that impression around and - hopefully - improve testing practices at your customer's site. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T19:19:51.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27828" CreationDate="2017-06-15T19:25:33.013" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't sweat it too much, as your situation sounds more like a bad System to track bugs than your fault.  It's very common for Managers, especially Programming Managers to have their own world view of the entire testing process.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the system for onboarding work and getting through the iterations is not transparent or have a section to see current bug status or even Passed/Failed tests then they are really indicting a lack of the proper ALM Tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's painful for QA Team members because... they don't get to pick the ALM tools and are often left with inane tools like Excel or Word to do their work.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tell your manager that you have downloaded the free TFS version for yourself and start tracking all your tests and bugs there!  Reason: You can present them with major reports easily just by using the free tool.  And you can give them web access free of charge up to 5 people!  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.visualstudio.com/tfs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.visualstudio.com/tfs/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who knows they may buy TFS/VSTS for the enterprise then every one is on same page. Being a test consultant at a client site is a very difficult position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastEditorUserId="11086" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T22:49:06.130" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T22:49:06.130" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27824" CreationDate="2017-06-15T19:36:33.757" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, Appium is the best way forward.  The tooling for Appium is klunky and tough to set up, has a steep learning curve and then (think about this) you cannot test at the optimal place to test!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where is the optimal place to test?...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everyone is so pumped to get to automated GUI testing, yet it is the worst time and place to test!  Why?  You have to wait for delivery, you cannot access anything the GUI won't allow (code wise) and it's just a poor excuse for Unit Testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit Testing is a better place to test, with code in the same repository as developers code, so just one folder away.  Developers say &quot;We don't have time to Unit Test&quot; which is true and an issue for the management that is setting due dates.  People say well you can't get true End-to-End tests which may be true, but if every component of an End-to-End test is 100% Unit Tested the only thing left is the inter-component interfaces.  Testing just that will be much easier at the GUI layer than trying to effectively do Unit Tests in the UI.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Using Appium Means Native Applications&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One last side note... Why anyone chooses native application over web based applications is a head scratcher for sure.  Why?  Just look at Facebook which uses React or any site built on Angular..  Most native applications on Windows platform have fallen out of favor (majorly) over past 5 years or more.  Is Android or Apple's operating systems that much better then what the web browser can do?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastEditorUserId="11086" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T20:08:35.660" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T20:08:35.660" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27827" CreationDate="2017-06-15T20:19:46.643" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't speak directly to TestRail but can to the conceptual questions asked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When you automate a manual test case, what do you do with the manual case and what do you do with the automation case?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The manual test case should be stored in a SQL like or NO SQL like database.  One time one place so everyone can edit, update, insert or delete tests.  The automation work (code) should be associated with the manual test case so that a query like &quot;Get me all Automated tests for XYZ&quot; return all the Manual Tests.  By reading the manual tests you will know what the automation is supposed to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Most automated tests are webdriver, api, etc.. but do you include unit tests&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit Test are automated tests, but I think what you mean is Automated GUI tests and Unit Tests, do they both go in same places?  The answer is usually not, True unit tests should be in same code repository as source code for application, one folder away. GUI tests are not usually included in developers code mostly because they are only related in what they test and are usually developed completely separately. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If I have a manual test that's been automated but not under each platform, what do you do?&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There should be meta data associated with the automation such as something like &quot;Category&quot; or &quot;Release&quot; of &quot;Platform&quot;.  This metadata must be queryable so that you can do this &quot;Get me all Automated Android 10.0 Tests for component XYZ&quot;.  The effort of getting the other releases is just a regular ALM / User Story concern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you add automated tests to testrail that do not have a corresponding test case, where do you put them?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Id depends, true unit tests belong in same place as application code, GUI Automation belongs anywhere you decide is best. If there is no corresponding Manual test, then you should be able to query these just as easy as any other test (Automated or not).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;How do you work around being reliant on testrail ids?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All repositories should be in some sort of database. But you may not have access or control over the IDs.  In that case just don't try to alter them as they are acting as unique keys.  Let the id's become meaningless to you and rely on naming conventions over configuration instead.  Naming convention where you do have control. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T20:19:46.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27716" CreationDate="2017-06-15T20:23:24.897" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did anyone review the testers test plan or test cases? During the review did anyone apply an 80/20 rule to the planned test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you know the requirements the tester was planning to cover in their testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have well defined requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does your tester actually know how to use the application? Have they ever asked you for help defining and designing test data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is your QA environment managed and maintained to ensure it matches your production environment? Were the issues from production reproducible in the QA environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frankly, your question starts with a lot of finger pointing. I'm not saying your QA resource isn't at fault, but if you don't hold someone accountable for their work then you might not like the result. Did you state that you wanted a specific type of testing performed or a specific feature validated? If not, and your resource lacks experience/discipline, then you will likely get a lot of low priority or enhancement bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T20:23:24.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27835" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27796" CreationDate="2017-06-15T20:41:54.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What's wrong with XPath Extraction? Is there a specific reason you cannot use XPath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use RegEx extractor, but keep in mind you are going to have to build a pretty well structured query to get the right value. XPath anticipates many results and puts them into an index array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without more information this question cannot be answered. - Why is that 90% of the questions in the SQA section?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T20:41:54.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27836" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27672" CreationDate="2017-06-15T20:49:47.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on a number of questions you have submitted I think your best course of action is to engage with a company that specializes in Quality Assurance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question, like many of the questions you have asked, are indicative of much deeper systemic issues. You're trying to apply band-aids, but in reality it's time to amputate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T20:49:47.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27615" CreationDate="2017-06-15T21:02:12.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've worked on cross-functional agile teams, and the simple answer is if the issue cannot be resolved the same day it was identified, then write a defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep a whiteboard / parking lot space to document all the stuff found during the day. At the end of the day, anything that hasn't been resolved needs to be documented as a defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have different priority or severity values you assign to defects? Why can't QA just mark items as &quot;low&quot;, and you simply ignore or filter out those issues until you have time to address them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How you decide what to rate a defect is another issue to talk about. Do you have definitions for what qualifies as a Low/Medium/High defect? Do you and your QA team have an agreement on what the repair timeline is for a defect that is a High priority vs a Low priority? Do defect repairs only come in complete releases or is everything fixed on the fly? If it's fixed on the fly how do you identify all the regression tests needed for an eventual release?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-06-15T21:02:12.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27838" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-15T22:15:07.007" Score="5" ViewCount="712" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quora.com/What-is-the-most-famous-computer-bug-of-all-time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What is the most famous computer bug of all time?&lt;/a&gt;, what are the most famous &lt;em&gt;concurrency&lt;/em&gt;-related bugs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Famous&quot; means that the issue enjoyed coverage in mass media. Embarassingly costly issues, issues resulting in loss of life, or issues having an impact on politics are also considered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Concurrency-related&quot; means that the issue was related to races, nondeterministic program outcome, or thread interaction in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g., the Therac-25 incidents and the Northeast Blackout of 2003 (@Kevin McKenzie: thx!) are famous and concurrency-related. But they are old, so, newer failures are appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some general famous-bug enumerations (e.g., &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_bugs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_bugs&lt;/a&gt;), but they are difficult to filter for concurrency issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user26170" LastEditorDisplayName="user26170" LastEditDate="2017-06-16T20:58:44.950" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T14:36:37.120" Title="Most famous concurrency bugs?" Tags="&lt;bug-priority&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;&lt;debugging&gt;&lt;threading&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27838" CreationDate="2017-06-16T01:13:35.323" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two that come to mind:  &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therac-25&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Therac-25&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northeast_blackout_of_2003&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Northeast Blackout of 2003&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Therac-25 was a radiation therapy machine; there was a race condition that could cause the high-power electron beam to trigger instead of the low power beam.  Three people died as a result.  When I was in college, the Therac-25 bug was brought up when we were learning about concurrency to illustrate the dangers, as it had lead to deaths, which was at the time unusual for software bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, that was prior to the Northeast Blackout; while there were a number of things that had to happen in order for the bug to be exposed, eventually, it was the race condition that prevented an alarm from going off, which meant that the operators didn't know they needed to do anything to redistribute power, which eventually cascaded into a power failure for much of Northeast United States that lasted for several days.  I'd imagine this is what's talked about in college today, since some students probably remember it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T01:13:35.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27716" CreationDate="2017-06-16T03:05:27.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;All Bugs are Good&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we re-define the bug queue to be that of a database that logs behaviors given specific input and then adopt the concept that &quot;more data in the database is better&quot;, we have a better way to assess &quot;most value to the product&quot; within the current and future iterations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, foster a &quot;Write as many bugs as you can find because this is ultimately good&quot;.  All data in the queue is reviewed and prioritized continually.  All bugs being rated with focus only on those most important to the product.  Those that are not rated high enough are moved to the backlog, out of view, but not forgotten.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Depth of Tests must Continuously Improve&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At some point, the smaller more trivial bugs would no longer be logged once they are in the database because &quot;We don't write duplicate Bugs&quot;.  This means that the depth of tests must improve.  Therein lay the solution:  &lt;em&gt;All tests should be reviewed and approved continuously too. Making each Test Plan (collection of tests) approved at iteration planning sessions.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Test Plan focuses only on those User stories and Bugs that are most value to the product for any given iteration.  By default, each iteration's Test Plan itself is continuously improving simply because the process demands it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overall methodology must Improve&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, in turn, improves the overall Processes and Policies the QA Team establishes as they go, making the best way to operate standardized.  If gaps are found (as you mentioned) then perhaps a bug is written against the process itself, that bug could be something as simple as &quot;Create additional training or teach new methods within the given context&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuous Improvement of all aspects of Test has profound implications.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T03:05:27.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27841" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-16T04:09:36.977" Score="2" ViewCount="493" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are looking for an automation tool which can be helpful in doing single user performance testing for a Web Application based on UI i.e. recording how many seconds it takes to load the entire page. Is there one? If yes, which one is most popular?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25730" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T16:22:19.427" Title="Is there an automation tool available for single user performance testing based on UI?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14490" CreationDate="2017-06-16T04:47:12.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monkey tests&lt;/strong&gt; involve random inputs and then checking the outputs. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkey_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkey_testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exploratory testing&lt;/strong&gt; involves the simultaneous learning, test design and test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're working out the random inputs while you're in session and then learning something about the system behaviour from the outputs, then you're conducting monkey tests inside an exploratory testing session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ad-hoc&lt;/strong&gt; testing refers to whether the test was planned or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both monkey tests and exploratory test sessions can be planned or unplanned, thus either can be ad-hoc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A further question is, what is the broader question around this? Is it just theoretical or is there a practical need?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8612" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T04:47:12.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27841" CreationDate="2017-06-16T05:32:35.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any data available on the Chrome Developer tools can be retrieved automated with their API:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an NodeJS/JavaScript example of collecting and processing the data: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/paulirish/automated-chrome-profiling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/paulirish/automated-chrome-profiling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T05:32:35.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27846" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-16T12:24:30.927" Score="2" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past while at work, we've had to do updates to some major libraries/tools we use in building a web app. For example, we recently upgraded Angular versions and are currently updating our Django version (from 1.10 to 1.11). These updates often have subtle changes that can break existing functionality in unexpected ways. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a good approach or set of approaches to test upgrades like this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T07:19:16.520" Title="What are some approaches to testing a major software update?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27847" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26058" CreationDate="2017-06-16T12:50:51.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given that your application is hosted in the Netherlands and your application throughput/response time is worst from this location versus the other two distant locations (China/USA) across complex networks, the items to consider most would be local issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have noted that you are using TruClient for your testing.  This type of virtual user is very resource intensive on the load generators, as you are running full browser instances.  As such, it is quite easy to exhaust the resource pool on your available load generators.  One way you can check against this possibility is to include a control load generator in your load generator pool in the Netherlands which runs on a single virtual user. This should be running on completely independent hardware from the rest of your load generators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your control group and your global group (well, Netherlands based virtual users) all degrade at the same rate then you are likely looking at a network issue impacting all of the users inside of your local LAN.  However, I do not think this will happen because of the apparent good throughput from the USA and CHINA during your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What will most likely happen in that your control user will bounce along quite happily during the test, but your load generator with the remainder of your Truclient population (assuming one load generator here instead of three or more which would be preferred with one control generator in the group) will degrade.  This is a direct sign that your load generator is bottlenecking and resulting in the slowed performance for your virtual users, not your application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always include control factors in your test design.  I know that this is sort of a &amp;quot;scientific method 101&amp;quot; type discussion, but it seems that this element is oft overlooked in automated and performance test designs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1054" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:32:59.397" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:32:59.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27846" CreationDate="2017-06-16T12:55:57.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say simple run your full regression suite of tests, manual or automated. How do you normally verify that your product still works and that developers didn't break existing functionality in unexpected ways?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What my current team does is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At the beginning of a new Sprint (every two weeks) we update all version of all packages and dependencies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We deploy to the testing environment and run all our automated tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix any issues we notice or rollback a version and create a task to research this further.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create new features for the Sprint and test these new features with high automated test coverage and exploratory testing session.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If no issues are found we deploy the new feature and the new versions to production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has a couple advantages and requirements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We are always up-to-date and any backwards compatibility issues are found fast.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We do it as the first thing in the Sprint. This way we the developers are the first to run into any issues while building and testing these new features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We demand from ourselves high test coverage, currently unit + integration tests cover 92% of the code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We build at least one end-to-end test per feature. Automate the testing of your main happy-paths. Keep the main user flows working at all time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We deploy fast, so if we missed something clients will complain fast and we can rollback small changes. Clients haven't found anything yet in this project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would call this &lt;strong&gt;the continuous delivery with high automated test coverage approach&lt;/strong&gt;. Something any sane Agile team should do :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T12:55:57.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27846" CreationDate="2017-06-16T15:07:49.800" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Review your development process to see if you have all the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;         developer upgrades application&#xA;                         |&#xA;                        \|/&#xA;   developer gets tests passing locally in the upgrade branch&#xA;                         |&#xA;                        \|/&#xA;      developer pushes branch to ci and entire suite passes&#xA;                         |&#xA;                        \|/&#xA;      code review by other developers and changes as needed&#xA;                         |&#xA;                        \|/&#xA;         branch merged into master, ensure tests pass&#xA;                         |&#xA;                        \|/&#xA;        deploy to staging and test manually in staging&#xA;                         |&#xA;                        \|/&#xA;                deploy to production.  &#xA;     Consider approaches and monitoring for limited traffic&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This all depends on having or writing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T15:07:49.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27850" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27789" CreationDate="2017-06-16T19:41:30.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We can simply get the text from the button. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebElement buttonText = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/table/tbody/tr[16]/td[4]/div/button&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    if(buttonText.getText().equals(&quot;Enable&quot;)) {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Test Pass&quot;);&#xA;        //return true;&#xA;    } else{&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Test Failed&quot;);&#xA;        //return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement buttonText = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/table/tbody/tr[16]/td[4]/div/button&quot;));&#xA;Assert.assertEquals(&quot;Buton Nmae&quot;, buttonText.getText());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11544" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T19:41:30.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27751" CreationDate="2017-06-16T20:03:03.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are correct. And, in addition to what others suggested, page object pasterns scope is to write simple and less code, make code repeatable, easy to maintain. With that mind you can improve by just using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(linkText=&quot;My Account&quot;)&#xA;private static WebElement my_account;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of repeating for every elements locator&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;how= How.LINK_TEXT, using = &quot;MY ACCOUNT&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11544" LastActivityDate="2017-06-16T20:03:03.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16250" CreationDate="2017-06-17T02:59:10.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error you get is because &lt;em&gt;compound classes are not permitted inside &lt;code&gt;by.className&lt;/code&gt; locators&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;By.id&lt;/code&gt; locator should be the best and the &lt;em&gt;fastest&lt;/em&gt; option here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;listbtn&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also construct a &lt;em&gt;CSS selector&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;a button#listbtn&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the use of &lt;code&gt;#&lt;/code&gt; shortcut.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T02:59:10.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27796" CreationDate="2017-06-17T06:25:08.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If for some reason you don't like XPath Extractor you can always switch to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Regular_Expression_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regular Expression Extractor&lt;/a&gt;, the relevant configuration would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reference Name: the same value you use in the XPath Extractor, i.e. &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regular Expression: &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;productid&amp;gt;(.+?)&amp;lt;/productid&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Template: &lt;code&gt;$1$&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer it in the JDBC Request like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT * FROM PRODUCT WHERE id = ${id}&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or maybe &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;SELECT * FROM PRODUCT WHERE ID = '${id}'&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or use your approach but in this case you will need to know the data type of this ID column in the database. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T06:25:08.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27854" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16250" CreationDate="2017-06-17T10:56:46.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer the shorter form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.css(&quot;a button#listbtn&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T11:06:01.743" LastActivityDate="2017-06-17T11:06:01.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27855" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27856" CreationDate="2017-06-17T14:03:02.993" Score="4" ViewCount="1883" Body="&lt;p&gt;Previously, I had worked in selenium with java automation. I had learnt page object design pattern , core java , selenium webdriver concepts. then do automate the each page has each class file and automate each page, then keep the data in property file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to do with selenium with Python automation. I learned python basics and selenium python concepts. I am new in this python automation. I don't how to get start. I learnt some basics. How to start get to do?&#xA;I meant like easy methods, what should every python testers should following any framework, page object design pattern.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my registration page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import unittest&#xA;import time&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;class PythonRegister(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;    def setUp(self):&#xA;        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=&quot;/home/naveen/chromedriver&quot;)&#xA;        self.driver.maximize_window()&#xA;&#xA;    def test_search_in_python_org(self):&#xA;        driver = self.driver&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://demoqa.com&quot;)&#xA;        driver.find_element_by_link_text(&quot;Registration&quot;).click()&#xA;        # time.sleep(10)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;name_3_firstname&quot;)&#xA;        elem.send_keys(&quot;Antony&quot;)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;name_3_lastname&quot;)&#xA;        elem.send_keys(&quot;Naveen&quot;)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;input[type='radio'][value='married']&quot;).click()&#xA;        # time.sleep(5)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='pie_register']/li[3]/div/div[1]/input[1]&quot;).click()&#xA;        time.sleep(5)&#xA;        select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('dropdown_7'))&#xA;&#xA;        # select by visible text&#xA;        select.select_by_visible_text('India')&#xA;&#xA;        # month od date&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('mm_date_8'))&#xA;        select.select_by_visible_text('9')&#xA;        # day of date&#xA;        select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('dd_date_8'))&#xA;        select.select_by_visible_text('3')&#xA;        #year of date&#xA;        select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('yy_date_8'))&#xA;        select.select_by_visible_text('1993')&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        time.sleep(10)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;phone_9&quot;)&#xA;        elem.send_keys(&quot;9400693133&quot;)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;email_1&quot;)&#xA;        elem.send_keys(&quot;naveencjnv@gmail.com&quot;)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;profile_pic_10&quot;)&#xA;        elem.send_keys(&quot;/home/naveen/Documents/pp (1).jpg&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;password_2&quot;)&#xA;        elem.send_keys(&quot;antony111&quot;)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;confirm_password_password_2&quot;)&#xA;        elem.send_keys(&quot;antony111&quot;)&#xA;        time.sleep(10)&#xA;        elem=driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@id='pie_register']/li[14]/div/input&quot;).click()&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    def tearDown(self):&#xA;         self.driver.close()&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:&#xA;    unittest.main()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I need to improve? What should I need to learn?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-17T17:47:08.357" LastActivityDate="2020-04-11T10:14:24.613" Title="How to get start with selenium with python automation" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27855" CreationDate="2017-06-17T17:55:21.083" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The good news is that, even though you are switching languages, you are going to work with the same Selenium API, which is reflected in many languages. Things are gonna go easy since the API itself is already familiar to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, you are switching to Python, which is a very concise, &quot;natural&quot; and easy to grasp language. Good news here as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good place to start is &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python Selenium documentation&lt;/a&gt; - go through tutorial, make sure to cover:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/locating-elements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;different ways to locate elements&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/page-objects.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Objects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/waits.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Explicit Waits with &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (I see you are using &lt;code&gt;time.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; which is a bad sign - hardcoded time delays tend to be more than actually needed most of the time and not enough from time to time - not reliable at all)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another good read would be &lt;code&gt;StackOverflow&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;SQA&lt;/code&gt; sites - filter topics by &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python+and+selenium?sort=votes&amp;amp;pageSize=50&quot;&gt;Python + Selenium, sorted by votes&lt;/a&gt; and go through them one-by-one - this would give you a good idea of common problems and solutions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as Page Objects go, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=python%20selenium%20page%20objects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;there are different styles and ways to organize them in Python+Selenium projects&lt;/a&gt;. There are pros and cons for each of them - this can be a separate topic of its own. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T15:22:10.647" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T15:22:10.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22681" CreationDate="2017-06-17T20:15:03.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Niels van Reijmersdal already pointed the next steps out. &#xA;Such tools make sense if their results are understood and accepted by the developers. You wrote you have only little to no understanding of these concepts, tools and COBOL. So it would be best to get aid from an experienced developer or accepted software architect to interpret the results, make the right conclusions and convince the developers. Especially in case of COBOL, which is a quite old language, the developers might be long-time practitioners who do it 'like we always did' and defend their methods from the 1970s against this new stuff of modern times. In my work I heard the fanciest arguments. Anyway, keep up your work - good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8245" LastEditorUserId="8245" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T05:45:06.167" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T05:45:06.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22259" CreationDate="2017-06-18T15:38:20.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using following function to type some text and click enter after it (using webdriverio 4.0+ with new synchronous syntax):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function setValue(browser, element, value) {&#xA;  if (browser.options.desiredCapabilities.browserName == &quot;MicrosoftEdge&quot;) {&#xA;    element.setValue(value);&#xA;    browser.keys(&quot;\uE007&quot;);&#xA;  } else {&#xA;    element.setValue(`${value}\n`);&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It helps with following problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.setValue&lt;/code&gt; doesn't work for Edge (the &lt;code&gt;\n&lt;/code&gt; character is ignored as enter key wasn't pressed) so we're using &lt;code&gt;browser.keys&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.keys&lt;/code&gt; doesn't work for Firefox driver (&lt;code&gt;Failed: sendKeysToActiveElement&lt;/code&gt;) and it's deprecated so we're using &lt;code&gt;element.setValue&lt;/code&gt; for non-Edge browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26270" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-18T21:58:27.203" LastActivityDate="2017-06-18T21:58:27.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27846" CreationDate="2017-06-19T07:19:16.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;They are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Version_control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;version control system&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous integration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have automated tests (for example using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; or derivatives) which cover at least main functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/performance-testing-vs-load-testing-vs-stress-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;performance tests&lt;/a&gt; for regression purposes (for instance using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when you make a change (update library, add new feature, fix defect, etc) you will have confidence that this new change didn't introduce any errors or other side-effects. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T07:19:16.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27863" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-19T08:32:18.410" Score="1" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;A feature of ours requires the SUT's execution over various days. We would like to cover this functionality within our integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I was wondering, is it possible and safe to advance/modify the system time during the execution of a test suite? What are the (side) effects? I assume that the dates and execution spans in the report will get mixed up inevitably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding code to change the system time in C#, I have found this Stack Overflow post: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/650849/1242922&quot;&gt;Change system date programmatically&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do other test strategies/approaches/patterns come to your mind, that avoid fiddleing around with the system time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T12:03:08.007" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T12:03:08.007" Title="Can I test different system dates/times within one Ranorex test suite run?" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27863" CreationDate="2017-06-19T10:08:27.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends on how much impact changing the system dates/time has on your work.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As you mentioned in your question,  &lt;code&gt;I assume that the dates and execution spans in the report will get mixed up inevitably.&lt;/code&gt; Personally, I do not see it as a major impact as you can easily generate your report after you undo the changes you have made to your system dates/time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Several major impacts I can think of are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is your SUT automatically synced to an external clock? What kinds of consequences are there if you changes system dates/time when SUT constantly complaints about it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your security certificates, anti-malware, anti-virus, VPN link and even website admin sessions will fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The safest strategy I can think of is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sandbox your SUT in a virtual environment first, make changes to your system dates/time, run your tests, observe what consequences there are.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not really under a tight schedule, run your integration tests without fiddling with system dates/time; it is more realistic that way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T10:08:27.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27841" CreationDate="2017-06-19T10:27:47.513" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.webpagetest.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.webpagetest.org/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;This is perfect tool for testing performance of UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16924" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T10:27:47.513" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27867" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-19T13:31:48.023" Score="1" ViewCount="1004" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.testng.TestNGException: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber:&#xA;  2; columnNumber: 6; The processing instruction target matching&#xA;  &quot;[xX][mM][lL]&quot; is not allowed.    at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.initializeSuitesAndJarFile(TestNG.java:324)     at&#xA;  org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:109)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:230)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:76) Caused&#xA;  by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 6; The&#xA;  processing instruction target matching &quot;[xX][mM][lL]&quot; is not allowed.&#xA;    at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.fatalError(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLScanner.reportFatalError(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLScanner.scanPIData(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanPIData(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLScanner.scanPI(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at&#xA;  com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl.parse(Unknown&#xA;  Source)   at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)    at&#xA;  org.testng.xml.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:39)     at&#xA;  org.testng.xml.SuiteXmlParser.parse(SuiteXmlParser.java:16)   at&#xA;  org.testng.xml.SuiteXmlParser.parse(SuiteXmlParser.java:9)    at&#xA;  org.testng.xml.Parser.parse(Parser.java:170)  at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.initializeSuitesAndJarFile(TestNG.java:304)     ... 3&#xA;  more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T15:59:22.103" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T15:59:22.103" Title="Explain the following error in testng" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-21T02:32:02.333" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27855" CreationDate="2017-06-19T13:56:23.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to become a competent programmer, regardless of the language you use (and learning multiple languages helps, because you can see what hard parts are just quirks of a language and what parts is genuine complexity of the problem).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good books to learn Python are &quot;Dive into Python&quot; and &quot;Learn the Python hard way&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another often underestimated part is: you need to learn how to design data structures to fit your problem space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T13:56:23.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27965" CreationDate="2017-06-19T14:19:51.103" Score="1" ViewCount="409" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jmeter XML API Response and JDBC response value matching order. Do you think this order is correct? (Xpath reference name is using in jdbc request)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dHXgp.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dHXgp.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;more details given below&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yFvDK.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yFvDK.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1rmpR.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1rmpR.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NUm05.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NUm05.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T16:00:07.490" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T05:11:43.047" Title="Jmeter XML API Response and JDBC response value matching order" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27838" CreationDate="2017-06-19T14:36:37.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There were many bugs with the initial rollout of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HealthCare.gov&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;healthcare.gov&lt;/a&gt;, and definitely concurrency played a role.  According to Todd Park, the site was designed to handle 50K concurrent users instead of the 250k that actually tried to use it.  On the first day of operation, only 6 people were able to complete the signup. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T14:36:37.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27871" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27841" CreationDate="2017-06-19T16:22:19.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;recording how many seconds it takes to load the entire page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are online services like  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.webpagetest.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.webpagetest.org/&lt;/a&gt;  or &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.pingdom.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://tools.pingdom.com/&lt;/a&gt; - these tools measure the overall page load time, and the load time for the each element on the DOM level. Powerful, but the very technical results can be complicated to interpret. You can automate testing on such a website using Selenium ;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google developer tools (as mentioned by others above) give you the same result as webpagetest.org, but tested locally in your browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need timings on the &lt;em&gt;user interface&lt;/em&gt; (not DOM) level (overall page load time, time for a certain AJAX-y action to complete, time for a certain image to appear or vanish...) then look at measuring the runtime with visual tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu for Chromium&lt;/a&gt;. You find the timings for each step inside the log file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23331" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T16:22:19.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27785" CreationDate="2017-06-19T17:18:22.997" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at your most frequently visited websites and apply your exploratory testing skills to these sites - you would be surprised as to how you see it differently as a tester compared to when you would casually viewing as a consumer. Give yourself a timebox and explore as much of the website as you can. Spot a bug? File it! Most webmasters/teams would be stoked that you care enough to report an issue. In any case, it will help you practice filing bug reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't feel challenged enough exploring your own website due to its simplicity, perhaps try approaching it through a different lens. There are many different ways you can go about testing a website no matter how simple - have you exhausted all possible test scenarios and combinations? Have you tried switching up your overall methodology?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25330" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T17:18:22.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27828" CreationDate="2017-06-19T18:56:52.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to what Kate and John have added, can I please add one simple advice here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Provide a daily update,&lt;/strong&gt; below is a sample:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tasks I have completed today:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tested xxxx&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Discussed with xxxx so that ticket 0000 has been closed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-tested and closed ticket 0001&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tomorrow I am planning to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-test ticket 0002&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression test xxxx feature&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then attached your updated mindmap to your daily update. By keeping communication open and your progress transparent, lots of misunderstanding can be avoided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T18:56:52.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27785" CreationDate="2017-06-19T19:02:10.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do a search for BugFinders or uTest. They have training materials and practice projects/testing sandboxes that you can take advantage of, and once you're ready for it you can apply what you learned on a paid project. There are a number of crowdsourced testing sites, but those are the two that I used to get some additional testing experience before starting my current QA job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23234" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T19:02:10.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-19T19:12:12.850" Score="9" ViewCount="2811" Body="&lt;p&gt;In some languages, like Javascript, you can create a hierarchial structure of Elements within a PageObject, like so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class HomePage {&#xA;    loginBox = {&#xA;        usernameTextBox = findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.login&quot;));&#xA;        passwordTextBox = findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input.password&quot;));&#xA;    };&#xA;    headerTitle = findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;h1.title&quot;));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then in your test you can access them as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function loginTest() {&#xA;    homePage = new HomePage();&#xA;    homePage.loginBox.usernameTextBox.sendKeys(username);&#xA;    homePage.loginBox.passwordTextBox.sendKeys(password);&#xA;    homePage.loginBox.loginButton.click();&#xA;    assert homePage.headerTitle.contains(&quot;Logged In&quot;)&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Java, however, it seems that however when you try to build inner classes with PageFactory, it simply doesn't descend into inner classes. If you set the inner classes static, you can instantiate the inner-class page objects directly, but you have to assign them to a new object field (e.g. &lt;code&gt;homePageLoginBox = PageFactory.initElements(HomePage.loginBox.class);&lt;/code&gt; ) which means you have to explicitly instantiate each inner class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way with Page Factory to create a hierarchical page structure and instantiate and access such an organized Page Object (with all subdivisions) in one fell swoop?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26035" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T18:40:53.810" Title="PageFactory and nested page objects" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27878" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27881" CreationDate="2017-06-19T21:35:58.953" Score="1" ViewCount="43151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to make a code to get all the results from a specific search i do on a website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I haven't been able to print all the results from the classes i need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;#Silent Display Settings&#xA;display = Xvfb()&#xA;display.start()&#xA;&#xA;#Login&#xA;url = &quot;https://www.foo.com&quot;&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;&#xA;#Submit Form&#xA;if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:&#xA;   driver.get(url)&#xA;   select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('test-make-box'))&#xA;   select.select_by_value('Test')&#xA;   driver.find_element_by_css_selector('.btn.btn-primary.btn--search').click()&#xA;#Get info&#xA;WebDriverWait(driver, 100).until( lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_class_name('listing-item__title'))&#xA;XYZ # Here output results&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver.quit()&#xA;display.stop()&#xA;&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I need to print all values that come from two classes called &lt;code&gt;listing-item__title&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;listing-item__price&lt;/code&gt;, how to do it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26296" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-19T22:20:52.520" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T09:12:34.510" Title="How to print all elements using python and selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27881" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27878" CreationDate="2017-06-19T22:18:45.920" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may wait for both the elements having &lt;code&gt;listing-item__title&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;listing-item__price&lt;/code&gt; classes and then locate elements via &lt;code&gt;.listing-item__title,.listing-item__price&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;CSS selector&lt;/em&gt; that would match both these types of elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;&#xA;# ...&#xA;&#xA;wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 100)&#xA;&#xA;wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'listing-item__title')))&#xA;wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'listing-item__price')))&#xA;&#xA;for elm in driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(&quot;.listing-item__title,.listing-item__price&quot;):&#xA;    print(elm.text)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-19T22:18:45.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7097" CreationDate="2017-06-20T07:57:02.960" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;SonarQube is one step in identifying common tech-debt, like code-smells or code-complexity, duplicate-code and lack of test-coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second step is like Kate Paulk suggested to talk the developers as they know where they took shortcuts, build quick-hacks or what the unmaintainable parts of the code are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Log tech-debt and make it transparant:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our team has a list of tech-debts on our wall. It contains code clean-up todo's. Going from removing sleeps from test-code, upgrading libraries, but also refactoring a class because it hard to understand. If you team does not record tech-debts I would suggest to start to create awareness as well. SonarQube alone is not enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The business should have a fair view on what technical issues need to be resolved in the future. Releasing features quick to make a milestone (pitch, demo, contract) is good if your business depends on it, but always take note of how this will effect in the long run. You will go slower and slower if your team goes from hack to hack to get shit done too quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're an Agile team add the tech-debt to the backlog to make it visible and transparent. Just &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/quality-functions/the-zero-bug-policy-b0bd987be684&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;like with defects&lt;/a&gt; I would advice a zero-tech-debt policy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/agile/technical-debt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.atlassian.com/agile/technical-debt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TechnicalDebt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TechnicalDebt.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T07:57:02.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26088" CreationDate="2017-06-20T09:51:42.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In C# you use the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.ClassName, Using = &quot;name')]&#xA;private IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; propertyList1 { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Btw, notice I've declared the locator as &quot;private&quot;. As a general rule you don't make locators in a POM &quot;public&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T09:51:42.697" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27888" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-20T12:21:37.970" Score="1" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked for Testbirds on some tests, but they invite me to test really rarely. I have more free time, so would like to work more. Are there another crowdtesting platforms? Which ones have you tried?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26311" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T16:55:10.680" Title="How to find crowdtesting platform?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-06-20T17:04:35.187" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27890" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27891" CreationDate="2017-06-20T14:26:54.610" Score="0" ViewCount="3311" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanted to check out the headless version but I am still on version 58 even after updating my system&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This could dramatically reduce our test suite run time!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T07:03:14.683" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T07:03:14.683" Title="How to install Chrome v59 - headless - on Ubuntu?" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;headless&gt;&lt;ubuntu&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-21T07:02:21.687" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27890" CreationDate="2017-06-20T14:26:54.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This did it for me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -&#xA;&#xA;sudo sh -c 'echo &quot;deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main&quot; &amp;gt;&amp;gt; /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list'&#xA;&#xA;sudo apt-get update&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PD6a3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PD6a3.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T14:26:54.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27892" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27915" CreationDate="2017-06-20T14:35:18.107" Score="0" ViewCount="1000" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having problems running my selenium grid in mac. I have downgraded my server standalone from 3.4 to 3.0.1. I get a System.InvalidOperationException using 3.4 so I downgraded till I get to 3.0.1 instead. I was able to open up the browser but the test won't continue. The exception that I generally get is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Only local connections are allowed.&#xA;&#xA;08:56:27.458 WARN - Exception thrown&#xA;&#xA;java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;&#xA;Build info: version: '3.2.0', revision: '8c03df6', time: '2017-03-02 09:34:51 -0800'&#xA;&#xA;System info: host: 'D150006', ip: ‘ipaddress', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.9.5', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;&#xA;at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)&#xA;&#xA;at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultSession.execute(DefaultSession.java:183)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultSession.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(DefaultSession.java:119)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultSession.createSession(DefaultSession.java:95)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultDriverSessions.newSession(DefaultDriverSessions.java:131)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.handler.NewSession.handle(NewSession.java:59)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.handler.NewSession.handle(NewSession.java:36)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.rest.ResultConfig.handle(ResultConfig.java:111)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.JsonHttpCommandHandler.handleRequest(JsonHttpCommandHandler.java:189)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DriverServlet.handleRequest(DriverServlet.java:222)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DriverServlet.doPost(DriverServlet.java:184)&#xA;&#xA;at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:707)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DriverServlet.service(DriverServlet.java:150)&#xA;&#xA;at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:790)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.servlet.ServletHolder.handle(ServletHolder.java:841)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.servlet.ServletHandler.doHandle(ServletHandler.java:543)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:188)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ContextHandler.doHandle(ContextHandler.java:1228)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:168)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.servlet.ServletHandler.doScope(ServletHandler.java:481)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:166)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ContextHandler.doScope(ContextHandler.java:1130)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:141)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:132)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.Server.handle(Server.java:564)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.HttpChannel.handle(HttpChannel.java:320)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.HttpConnection.onFillable(HttpConnection.java:251)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.io.AbstractConnection$ReadCallback.succeeded(AbstractConnection.java:279)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.io.FillInterest.fillable(FillInterest.java:112)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.io.ChannelEndPoint$2.run(ChannelEndPoint.java:124)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.runJob(QueuedThreadPool.java:672)&#xA;&#xA;at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool$2.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:590)&#xA;&#xA;at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)&#xA;&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;&#xA;Build info: version: '3.2.0', revision: '8c03df6', time: '2017-03-02 09:34:51 -0800'&#xA;&#xA;System info: host: 'D150006', ip: ‘ipaddress', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.9.5', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultDriverProvider.callConstructor(DefaultDriverProvider.java:113)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultDriverProvider.newInstance(DefaultDriverProvider.java:97)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultDriverFactory.newInstance(DefaultDriverFactory.java:60)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultSession$BrowserCreator.call(DefaultSession.java:222)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultSession$BrowserCreator.call(DefaultSession.java:209)&#xA;&#xA;at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultSession$1.run(DefaultSession.java:176)&#xA;&#xA;at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)&#xA;&#xA;at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)&#xA;&#xA;... 1 more&#xA;&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException&#xA;&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;&#xA;at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;&#xA;at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)&#xA;&#xA;at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.DefaultDriverProvider.callConstructor(DefaultDriverProvider.java:103)&#xA;&#xA;... 9 more&#xA;&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:35534 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1, localhost/fe80:0:0:0:0:0:0:1%1] failed: Connection refused (Connection refused)&#xA;&#xA;Build info: version: '3.2.0', revision: '8c03df6', time: '2017-03-02 09:34:51 -0800'&#xA;&#xA;System info: host: 'D150006', ip: ‘ipaddress', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.9.5', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:91)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:604)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:244)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:131)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:144)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:178)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:146)&#xA;&#xA;... 14 more&#xA;&#xA;Caused by: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:35534 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1, localhost/fe80:0:0:0:0:0:0:1%1] failed: Connection refused (Connection refused)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:158)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:353)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:380)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:236)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:184)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:88)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:110)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:184)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:71)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:55)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.fallBackExecute(ApacheHttpClient.java:160)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.execute(ApacheHttpClient.java:88)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:108)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:64)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:141)&#xA;&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)&#xA;&#xA;... 20 more&#xA;&#xA;Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (Connection refused)&#xA;&#xA;at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)&#xA;&#xA;at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:350)&#xA;&#xA;at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)&#xA;&#xA;at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)&#xA;&#xA;at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)&#xA;&#xA;at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:589)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(PlainConnectionSocketFactory.java:74)&#xA;&#xA;at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:141)&#xA;&#xA;... 35 more&#xA;&#xA;08:56:27.460 WARN - Exception: Connection refused (Connection refused)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am stuck in this issue and well, I also tried using the older versions and it won't help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; I am now able to run it on Safari 9 but having problems running it with Chrome in MAC OS. The error is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Outcome:   Failed&#xA;Test Duration:  0:00:00&#xA;&#xA;Result StackTrace:  &#xA;at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.UnpackAndThrowOnError(Response errorResponse)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.Execute(String driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.StartSession(ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver..ctor(ICommandExecutor commandExecutor, ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver..ctor(Uri remoteAddress, ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)&#xA;   at SeleniumE2E.Base.TestInitializer.OpenBrowser(BrowserType browserType, OSType osType, MachineType machineType) in C:\Users\Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Projects\SeleniumE2E\SeleniumE2E\Base\TestInitializer.cs:line 89&#xA;   at SeleniumE2E.Base.TestInitializer.InitializeSettings() in C:\Users\mivy\Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Projects\SeleniumE2E\SeleniumE2E\Base\TestInitializer.cs:line 28&#xA;   at SEL_ADAccountReactivate2.HookInitialize..ctor() in C:\Users\Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Projects\SEL_ADAccountReactivate2\SEL_ADAccountReactivate2\HookInitialize.cs:line 14&#xA;   at SEL_ADAccountReactivate2.SmokeTest..ctor()&#xA;Result Message: Unable to create instance of class SEL_ADAccountReactivate2.SmokeTest. Error: System.InvalidOperationException: Connection refused (Connection refused).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have updated the google browser and used the older chromedriver so it would pull up the browser at least.. :(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="16170" LastEditDate="2017-06-20T19:44:47.827" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T17:58:22.923" Title="Unable to run remote tests using Selenium Grid Chrome in MAC OS" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;grid&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27892" CreationDate="2017-06-20T15:46:32.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Be sure that you have enabled automated test runs for Safari:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the Develop menu is available.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can be turned on by opening Safari preferences (Safari &gt; Preferences in the menu bar), going to the Advanced tab, and ensuring that the Show Develop menu in menu bar checkbox is checked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enable Remote Automation in the Develop menu.&#xA;1.This is toggled via Develop &gt; Allow Remote Automation in the menu bar.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Authorize &lt;code&gt;safaridriver&lt;/code&gt; to launch the &lt;code&gt;webdriverd&lt;/code&gt; service which hosts the local web server.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To permit this, run &lt;code&gt;/usr/bin/safaridriver&lt;/code&gt; once manually and complete the authentication prompt.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code I use to start a Grid Node (Note: I keep my .jar in Documents/Selenium):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/bin/bash&#xA;cd ~/Documents/Selenium/&#xA;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.3.1.jar -browser browserName=safari,platform=MAC -role node -hub http://localhost:4444/grid/register&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T15:46:32.050" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27888" CreationDate="2017-06-20T16:55:10.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://tester.test.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://tester.test.io/&lt;/a&gt; as well. Invitation are enough often (3-5 times a week).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26313" LastActivityDate="2017-06-20T16:55:10.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27895" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-20T19:28:29.240" Score="6" ViewCount="1895" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a ProdIgnoreAttribute which extends from &lt;code&gt;IgnoreAttribute&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;And I have assigned this attribute to certain tests which I want to run in DEV/QA but not in PROD. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;ApplyToTest(Test test) method is not being called in this case. How to resolve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ProdIgnoreAttribute : IgnoreAttribute&#xA;{&#xA;    private string IgnoreReason { get; }&#xA;&#xA;    public ProdIgnoreAttribute(string reason) : base(reason) &#xA;    {&#xA;        IgnoreReason = reason;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public new void ApplyToTest(Test test)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (test.RunState == RunState.NotRunnable)&#xA;            return;&#xA;&#xA;        if (StaticInfoHelper.VrCurrentEnv == (int)RunEnv.DEMO)&#xA;        {&#xA;            test.RunState = RunState.Ignored;&#xA;            test.Properties.Set(&quot;_SKIPREASON&quot;, (object)IgnoreReason);&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            base.ApplyToTest(test);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26316" LastEditorUserId="26316" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T13:25:24.737" LastActivityDate="2021-05-19T00:19:07.613" Title="How to ignore a test in C# when CurrentEnv is Prod" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27896" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27897" CreationDate="2017-06-20T20:20:51.680" Score="0" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I'm executing my test case if i use the code &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&lt;/code&gt; my execution into my browser show me empty (just white) but if I execute without these codes my test case runs correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5iJUv.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5iJUv.png&quot; alt=&quot;This happens with the code ImplicitlyWait&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26320" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T07:16:25.293" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T07:16:25.293" Title="When I'm Using ImplicitlyWait my page shows Blank, Why?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27897" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27896" CreationDate="2017-06-20T21:14:57.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;em&gt;version incompatibility problem&lt;/em&gt; - your Firefox browser version is too old for Selenium3. &lt;strong&gt;Update your browser&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current setup which works for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;selenium 3.4.0&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox 54&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;geckodriver 0.17&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All currently latest stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:24:58.860" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T00:24:58.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27898" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-20T21:50:02.553" Score="4" ViewCount="1071" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using selenium IDE and &lt;code&gt;readCSV&lt;/code&gt; command from a CSV file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within the file I have &lt;code&gt;Lägg till Värdorder&lt;/code&gt; inside a cell. I'm using command storeCellValue and echo the value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it looks like this &lt;code&gt;L�gg till V�rdorder&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need it to look like &lt;code&gt;Lägg till Värdorder&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26323" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T00:10:06.557" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T18:27:55.637" Title="Selenium IDE data-driven storing special characters from csv file" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27683" CreationDate="2017-06-21T01:00:43.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A solution for how to run a WebDriver Java script in &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/eclipse-ide-java-developers/neon3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;E&amp;#x332;c&amp;#x332;l&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;p&amp;#x332;s&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;N&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;o&amp;#x332;n&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;3&lt;/a&gt; that's exported from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;S&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;l&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;n&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;u&amp;#x332;m&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;I&amp;#x332;D&amp;#x332;E&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;2&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;9&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;1&lt;/a&gt; test case is provided below. This approach covers all 3 options for creating such a script from a test case with this Selenium IDE version; the 3 choices are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Option 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Java / JUnit 4 / WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Option 2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Java / TestNG / WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Option 3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Java / JUnit 4 / WebDriver Backed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YWMaI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/YWMaI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the solution:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;1. Ensure you have &lt;a href=&quot;http://filehippo.com/download_firefox/68836/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;F&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;r&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;f&amp;#x332;o&amp;#x332;x&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;4&amp;#x332;7&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;0&amp;#x332;.&amp;#x332;1&lt;/a&gt; installed on your machine.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;2. In Eclipse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a. Under &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;File&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, select &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;New&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Java Project&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mx4pA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mx4pA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b. Enter a project name in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Project name:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; text box, then click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Next &gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S5ZCH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S5ZCH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c. Click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Libraries&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l8Ti4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/l8Ti4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d. Add the following to the build path of your project:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;-Each JAR that's in &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/2.53/selenium-java-2.53.1.zip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;t&amp;#x332;h&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;s&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;f&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;l&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;-&lt;a href=&quot;http://central.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/commons/commons-lang3/3.5/commons-lang3-3.5.jar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;T&amp;#x332;h&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;s&amp;#x332;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x332;f&amp;#x332;i&amp;#x332;l&amp;#x332;e&amp;#x332;&lt;/a&gt; (if &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Option 3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; was used)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To add JARs to this path, click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Add External JARs...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button, then (in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;JAR Selection&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; window that pops up as a result) select the JARs and click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Open&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/twXQK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/twXQK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/158SC.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/158SC.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e. Click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Finish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FMyOx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FMyOx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're now done creating a Java project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;f. Expand the Java project by clicking the plus symbol that's beside it in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Package Explorer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; pane (in this pane, every entry with a plus sign next to it can be expanded through that sign being clicked).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FjwNr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FjwNr.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;g. Right click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;src&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; folder that appears below the project, then select &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;New&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Package&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cpRuK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cpRuK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;h. Enter a package name in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Name:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; text box, then click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Finish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RCIMK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RCIMK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're now done creating a package that's in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;src&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i. In the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Package Explorer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; pane, right click the package you just created. Select &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;New&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Class&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QAiFI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QAiFI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;j. In the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Name:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; text box, enter the name (excluding the .java extension) of the .java file that was created as a result of exporting the Selenium IDE test case in question, then click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Finish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ODbOB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ODbOB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're now done creating a class that's in the package.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;k. Copy all the lines (except for the first two) of the aforementioned .java file that was generated with Selenium IDE. Paste them over lines 3-6 of the class file you finished creating during Step j (let's call this file &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;l. Save &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;m. If &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Option 2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; was used and TestNG is not installed in Eclipse, carry out the following instructions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Select &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Help&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Install New Software...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HVv7d.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HVv7d.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-In the resulting &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Install&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; window, click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Add...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2NYIy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2NYIy.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-In the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Add Repository&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; window that pops up, enter a name in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Name:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; text box and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://beust.com/eclipse/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://beust.com/eclipse/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Location:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; text box, then click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;OK&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7pFmc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7pFmc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-In the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Install&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; window, check the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;TestNG&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; checkbox in the list of available software then click &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Next &gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; twice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SzP5N.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SzP5N.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WMIdH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WMIdH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Select &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I accept the terms of the license agreement&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; then click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Finish&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BfJGM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BfJGM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(TestNG will now be installed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-In case you get a security warning, click the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;OK&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Vyta.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Vyta.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-Once the installation is complete, click &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Yes&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Software Updates&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dFyrf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dFyrf.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Eclipse will now restart)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;n. To run the WebDriver script, right click &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Package Explorer&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; pane, then hover over &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Run As&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, then click:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;JUnit Test&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Options 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;3&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lJqRH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lJqRH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;TestNG Test&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Option 2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Twsgv.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Twsgv.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24797" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T01:00:43.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27902" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9553" CreationDate="2017-06-21T09:46:52.070" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;getWindowHandles()&lt;/code&gt; method. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; winHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;&#xA;int numberOfWindows = windowHandles.size();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26328" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T12:58:14.017" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T12:58:14.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27903" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-21T10:34:35.257" Score="0" ViewCount="1904" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to launch an iOS app using app-inspector. It's failing and I can see error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Internal Server Error&lt;/strong&gt; on webpage &lt;a href=&quot;http://10.236.7.19:5678/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;baseURL&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting below error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error: connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:8001&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any one resolved this? If anyone is also facing same issue, please add your findings in comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Environment:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;iOS version : 10.2.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mac iOS Version : 10.12 [macOS Sierra]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium : 1.1.0-beta.2 or Appium1.6.5&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Xcode : 8.3.3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T04:57:59.387" LastActivityDate="2018-03-30T10:20:45.960" Title="Macaca App-Inspector + Appium + iOS : How to fix &quot;Error: connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:8001&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27904" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-21T11:05:25.590" Score="1" ViewCount="2023" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two radio buttons YES and NO, the step on the feature file can pass argument to the method, both radio buttons has the same name so I want to click on the radio button by finding its name and value for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def licenceStatus(licenceS)&#xA;licence = @driver.find_element(name:&quot;licence_status&quot;, value:licenceS).click&#xA;end &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above method works in Watir but not Selenium how do I get this to work? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26333" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T12:59:01.160" LastActivityDate="2018-06-17T03:29:48.240" Title="Selenium Ruby - How to find a radio button by name and value?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27905" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-21T11:07:39.313" Score="3" ViewCount="822" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am unable to run classes present in different step definition files in cucumber under same package.How do I make it run?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am getting a &lt;code&gt;NullPointerException&lt;/code&gt; in the console for the methods in the different page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26334" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T12:58:43.657" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T12:58:43.657" Title="Why am I getting a NullPointerException with different classes for Cucumber?" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;step-definitions&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-08-10T07:52:05.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27908" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27909" CreationDate="2017-06-21T14:06:52.113" Score="1" ViewCount="1015" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running my selenium test thru Selenium Grid and I couldn't take screenshot on the node from my hub. I have followed the code from the Selenium HQ:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ScreenShotRemoteWebDriver : RemoteWebDriver, ITakesScreenshot&#xA;{&#xA;    public ScreenShotRemoteWebDriver(Uri RemoteAdress, ICapabilities capabilities)&#xA;    : base(RemoteAdress, capabilities)&#xA;    {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public new Screenshot GetScreenshot()&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Get the screenshot as base64.&#xA;        Response screenshotResponse = this.Execute(DriverCommand.Screenshot, null);&#xA;        string base64 = screenshotResponse.Value.ToString();&#xA;&#xA;        // ... and convert it.&#xA;        return new Screenshot(base64);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public static void takeRemoteScreenShot(string fileName)&#xA;{&#xA;    string currentDate = DateTime.Now.ToString(&quot;ddd, ddMMMyyyy HHmm&quot;);&#xA;    ScreenShotRemoteWebDriver webDriver = new ScreenShotRemoteWebDriver(new Uri(&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot;), DesiredCapabilities.Chrome());&#xA;    Screenshot ss = ((ITakesScreenshot)webDriver).GetScreenshot();&#xA;    string screenshot = ss.AsBase64EncodedString;&#xA;    //byte[] screenshotAsByteArray = ss.AsByteArray;&#xA;    string dir = Settings.DirScreenShots;&#xA;    ss.SaveAsFile(dir + currentDate + fileName + &quot;.png&quot;, ScreenshotImageFormat.Png);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test is failing due to this error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Result StackTrace: &#xA;at SeleniumE2E.Utilities.ScreenshotCapture.takeRemoteScreenShot(String fileName)&#xA;   at SEL_ADAccountReactivate2.SmokeTest.RunTest() in C:\Users\Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Projects\App\App\Tests\SmokeTest.cs:line 16&#xA;Result Message: &#xA;Test method App.SmokeTest.RunTest threw exception: &#xA;System.MissingMethodException: Method not found: 'Void OpenQA.Selenium.Screenshot.SaveAsFile(System.String, OpenQA.Selenium.ScreenshotImageFormat)'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T14:44:06.037" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T15:01:13.383" Title="Unable to take screenshots on RemoteWebDriver - running tests thru Selenium Grid" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27908" CreationDate="2017-06-21T15:01:13.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;SceenShotImageFormat&lt;/code&gt; was a relatively recent change in Selenium for .Net core, can you try with ImageFormat if you're not using .Net core and if that works I would recommend upgrading your entire Solution (Including the grid) to a more recent version of Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/Screenshot.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;code in the solution&lt;/a&gt;, it looks like it just switches it to the ImageFormat method regardless so .... not sure how it's useful as of yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T15:01:13.383" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-21T16:02:28.883" Score="1" ViewCount="4223" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my HTML tag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; maxlength=&quot;10&quot; size=&quot;10&quot; name=&quot;amount&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am unable to locate element using Java Selenium web driver. I used all the methods like cssselector, XPath, id, name but no use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[name=amount]&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but I'm getting following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; *** Element info: {Using=css selector, value=input[name=amount]}&#xA;Session ID: 9838c78c121e1eee59c1eb0e48061fbc&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{platform=XP, acceptSslCerts=true, javascriptEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, chrome={userDataDir=C:\Users\Welcome\AppData\Local\Temp\scoped_dir4852_17098, chromedriverVersion=2.29.461591 (62ebf098771772160f391d75e589dc567915b233)}, networkConnectionEnabled=false, unexpectedAlertBehaviour=, rotatable=false, locationContextEnabled=true, mobileEmulationEnabled=false, version=58.0.3029.110, pageLoadStrategy=normal, takesHeapSnapshot=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, browserConnectionEnabled=false, webStorageEnabled=true, nativeEvents=true, hasTouchScreen=false, applicationCacheEnabled=false, takesScreenshot=true}]&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:204)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:156)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:599)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:352)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByCssSelector(RemoteWebDriver.java:441)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByCssSelector.findElement(By.java:426)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:344)&#xA;    at com.totsy.Currencyval.main(Currencyval.java:63)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26337" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T05:24:36.847" LastActivityDate="2020-01-23T13:25:57.170" Title="Unable to locate element even using any methods in selenium java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27911" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27910" CreationDate="2017-06-21T16:07:53.403" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is important to see what you've tried and what problems did you have, but, judging by what was provided in the question, here is how you can locate the element by &quot;name&quot;, by a &quot;CSS selector&quot; and by an &quot;Xpath expression&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;amount&quot;)); &#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[name=amount]&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@name='amount']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check if an element is inside an &lt;code&gt;iframe&lt;/code&gt; or not - if it is, you'll need to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10879206/how-to-switch-between-frames-in-selenium-webdriver-using-java&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;switch to the context of the frame&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and only then find the element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;timing issue&lt;/em&gt; - the element might not be present when you are searching for it. In this case, use an &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11736027/webdriver-wait-for-element-using-java&quot;&gt;Explicit Wait to wait for the element to be present&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T16:07:53.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27912" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27918" CreationDate="2017-06-21T16:18:46.593" Score="3" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;The IEEE standard 29119-3 defines the content one should include in a test plan. One such part of that content is the &lt;em&gt;Risk Register&lt;/em&gt;. This standard specifically states of this register:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Identifies the risks considered by the testing covered by this plan. This should include any relevant risks that may be specified in the Organizational Test Strategy. Provides an exposure level for each risk based on its impact and probability. Provides recommendations to treat the risks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They specifically recommend that this register be broken into a &lt;em&gt;product risk register&lt;/em&gt; and a &lt;em&gt;project risk register&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My struggle here is in figuring out how to define a proper set of risks. I have a product which must meet a certain set of requirements so in my mind, the risk is that we won't meet these requirements. But it seems unhelpful that my risk register should list the risks as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) We don't meet requirement 1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2) We don't meet requirement 2&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with the accompanying mitigations being&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) Test to make sure we meet requirement 1&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  2) Test to make sure we meet requirement 2&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How can I define proper risks and accompanying mitigations which are meaningful? What should I consider in defining a product/project risk?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25468" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T15:45:18.897" Title="How to come up with risks for the Risk Register" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;risk-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27904" CreationDate="2017-06-21T17:56:53.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the following xpath with ruby&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.find_element(:xpath =&amp;gt; &quot;//*[@name='licence_status' and @value='licenceS']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26339" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T17:56:53.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27892" CreationDate="2017-06-21T17:58:22.923" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started my server using 2.53.0 of selenium grid, to run Safari 9.1.3. In order for me to run tests on chrome in MAC, I had to use 3.3.1 of selenium grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T17:58:22.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27916" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27948" CreationDate="2017-06-21T18:20:33.147" Score="0" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite&quot; parallel=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;Test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;Parameter name=&quot;userid&quot; value=&quot;pallatirkak&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;Parameter name=&quot;criteria&quot; value=&quot;invalid&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;class name=&quot;moduledriven.Testclassformoduledriver&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Suite --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class Testclassformoduledriver &#xA;{&#xA;    public WebDriver darling;&#xA;    @Test(priority=0)&#xA;    public void launch() throws InterruptedException&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\ishu\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        darling=new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        darling.get(&quot;http://www.gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test(priority=1)&#xA;    @Parameters({&quot;userid&quot;,&quot;criteria&quot;})&#xA;     public void useridtest(String u,String c) throws Exception&#xA;     {&#xA;        Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;        darling.findElement(By.name(&quot;identifier&quot;)).sendKeys(u,Keys.ENTER);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;        if(c.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;valid&quot;)&amp;amp;&amp;amp;darling.findElement(By.name(&quot;password&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(true);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if(c.equals(&quot;invalid&quot;)&amp;amp;&amp;amp;darling.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(text(),'Couldn') or contains(text(),'Enter an email')]&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(true);&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(false);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     }&#xA;    @Test(priority=2)&#xA;     public void close() throws Exception&#xA;        {&#xA;            Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;            darling.close();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;useridtest org.testng.TestNGException&lt;/code&gt;: Parameter 'userid' is required&#xA;  by @Test on method useridtest but has not been marked Optional or&#xA;  defined in C:\Users\ishu2\pomproject\src\lovely.xml ... Removed 23&#xA;  stack frames&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25436" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-21T18:40:40.007" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T14:19:06.087" Title="TestNGException: parameter 'userid' is required" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27912" CreationDate="2017-06-21T19:49:19.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd look more at things from a quality assurance point of view, not a quality control point of view.  For example, how sure are you that the requirements you've been given are the right requirements?  How sure are you that there aren't requirements that are missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, for the requirements, I'd focus more on things you can't/won't test.  For example, let's say your program has switches/settings of some sort.  Chances are very good that you can't exhaustively test all combinations of settings.  How will you choose which ones that you will test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're building something that's performance sensitive, or may have load/concurrent user issues, how will you decide what the right level of stress is to test with?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will you assume that the surrounding programs (operating system, databases, etc) are working properly, or will you do some sort of integration testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T19:49:19.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27919" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27957" CreationDate="2017-06-21T21:44:58.573" Score="28" ViewCount="6677" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are four weeks in testing a new application. In summary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is only one developer assigned to this project, basically, 8 man hour is available for this project.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The rate of bug discovery is uneven, but the senior management is questioning my team competence because what they want to see is:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D9oeU.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/D9oeU.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the actual bug discover is this:&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/keNUj.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/keNUj.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I tell them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T17:48:10.720" Title="Senior management expected bug discovery rate to match their expectation" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-21T21:57:37.503" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of things to find out in order to answer that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you should tell them ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say I need more info and I would get back to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I would try and find out the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;was the application still being changed or was it frozen in time ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what was the change in the number of features from start to end&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what was the severity of the early vs late bugs ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would collect the above and try to see what patterns it shows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also - 2 bugs a day (most days) over 1 month is a very small sample for this sort of analysis.  I would prefer to compare month-to-month for such a small sample, not day-to-day, in order to fit that curve.  Month-to-month it might fit that curve which would just mean the time frame needs to be adjusted to see that pattern.  This is the office politic way of saying you need more time and resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also what year is that?  what about weekends?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T21:57:37.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-21T22:01:30.327" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is a gap in communication between you and your senior management.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I do not think senior management take the first bug discovery diagram too seriously. It is merely an idealistic guideline which perhaps never happens in real life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I speculate that the reason your senior management questioned your competence or commitment is perhaps you had provided no explanation on those days shown below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wwHng.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wwHng.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal recommendation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given they had had question over your competence or commitment, you should provide a detailed report regarding why there was no bug discovered on several days (ignore weekends and public holidays of course)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Even when the senior management has not asked, provide a daily update regardlessly. Whenever there is a project status update, cc them to keep your working progress transparent. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-21T22:01:30.327" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="358" CreationDate="2017-06-22T00:09:51.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a 'right' ratio:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;The right ratio is the one that lets the company achieve its goals&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Factors I would consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Company goals&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Age of company&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Size of company&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adoption of Agile&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Approach to testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience of SDETs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frameworks being used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How quality is measured&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience of developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience of management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amount of automation in place&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usage of TDD, BDD and ATDD&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to cover each others role&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What quality metrics already exist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Availability of Engineer and SDET's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Existence of a large and growing backlog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Effect of failure, e.g. ads vs. surgery vs. nuclear power&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T00:09:51.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27923" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27940" CreationDate="2017-06-22T00:24:20.553" Score="6" ViewCount="258" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our UAT testing environment, there have been a few intermittent bugs that come and go.&#xA;I am not a permanent employee here, my current contract will finish early August.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I have done&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reported intermittent bugs on Jira with exact steps to reproduce them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why am I concerned?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Manager mentioned that re-test all intermittent bugs in &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;five days&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, if they can not be reproduced, consider them resolved and close their respective Jira tickets.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am concerned as this &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;re-test them in five days&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; approach has no solid reason behind it. E.g. There is no indication our UAT testing environment will become more stable in five days; there is no major release to be deployed in UAT in five days. This &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;five days&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is basically a random guess. There is no guarantee those intermittent bugs do not come back in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone had experience in handling intermittent issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T14:48:49.490" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T14:48:49.490" Title="How do we deal with occasional (but real) application failures" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27923" CreationDate="2017-06-22T01:20:13.420" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, often.  Intermittent bugs are the most annoying to deal with, especially when you don't even know what triggered the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless the underlying code/infrastructure changes within the five days (and often, even if it does), there's no technical reason to assume that the underlying defect doesn't exist any more, even if you can't recreate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there is a cost/benefit judgement that has to be made.  If it's an intermittent problem that doesn't happen very often, and/or the impact is small, closing the bug as &quot;unable to reproduce&quot; may be appropriate.  Personally, I'd prefer to leave it open, so that if the problem is seen again, people are more likely to connect whatever they saw/found with an already open problem, but there's no reason to keep it open if, for some cultural reason, open defects are seen as a problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would consider it a problem if you're being asked to close the bug as &quot;fixed,&quot; or something similar, because you have no reason to believe the problem was fixed, and it's going to make understanding the actual quality of the code base much more difficult.  There's a big difference between something that has 100 fixed bugs, and one that has 50 fixed bugs and 50 &quot;unable to reproduce&quot; bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, one thing that these bugs probably indicate is a need for better logging and/or error toleration/recovery code, but, again, there's a cost/benefit judgement that needs to be made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of handling them, you have to look at the impact, the frequency, and the expected usage. I spent a few weeks tracking down a security problem, for example, because it could have exposed data that shouldn't have been exposed, and our customers really care about that.  Similarly, if you have something that only happens 1 of every 100,000 times you run a testcase, it may or may not be a problem, depending on how often you expect that function to be invoked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Edited to add]&#xA;One way you could look at this, though you'd have to get buy-in, which might be difficult, is that if there's a problem, but whatever diagnostics you have don't give developers/whoever enough information to debug/fix the problem, that that is a problem in and of itself.  We call it a First Failure Data Capture problem in my area, and it's at least sometimes treated as more of a problem than the problem that was unable to be debugged.  Because a customer will be annoyed (or more), if there's a problem, but they tend to get really upset if there's a problem they have to keep recreating because you can't explain how it's happening.  So if we open a defect, and it isn't able to be debugged, we'll open a second defect for the inability to debug the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T15:09:23.380" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T15:09:23.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27925" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-22T03:15:26.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mochajs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mocha&lt;/a&gt; is a feature-rich &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/javascript&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;javascript&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;javascript&lt;/a&gt; test framework running on &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/node.js&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;node.js&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;node.js&lt;/a&gt; and the browser, making asynchronous testing simple and fun. Mocha tests run serially, allowing for flexible and accurate reporting, while mapping uncaught exceptions to the correct test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T04:39:40.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T04:39:40.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27926" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-22T03:15:26.450" Score="0" Body="Mocha is a feature-rich JavaScript test framework." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T09:03:29.880" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T09:03:29.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27927" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-22T03:16:28.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://chaijs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chai&lt;/a&gt; is a &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/bdd&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;bdd&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;bdd&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/tdd&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;tdd&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;tdd&lt;/a&gt; assertion library for &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/node.js&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;node.js&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;node.js&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/browser&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;browser&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;browser&lt;/a&gt; that can be used with any &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/javascript&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;javascript&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;javascript&lt;/a&gt; testing framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T04:39:18.133" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T04:39:18.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27928" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-22T03:16:28.443" Score="0" Body="Chai is an assertion library that can be used with any Javascript testing framework." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T09:03:26.813" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T09:03:26.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-22T03:38:02.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps ask him where he got that model. The most important thing about data collection is understanding what systems and processes were used to collect that data. If you don't understand what that data is based on, then you will not be able to respond effectively to his claim.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The graph he presented you is like saying &quot;The following graph presents, on average, the temperature of food during cooking and resting periods.&quot; It depends on what food was tested, whether they covered the food while resting, etc. If you take that graph at face value, you're making a lot of assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since your boss is questioning the competency of your team, take care to ask thoughtful questions to understand why he thinks your bug detection rates should follow that graph. Competency and credibility are established by the quality of the questions you ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ask the right questions, your boss will end up convincing himself as to why the graph should not represent your project. Even better, through the right questions, you can resolve the problem with a new model or solution to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26341" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T03:38:02.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-22T04:08:43.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The miscommunication is about smoothness of &quot;The Curve&quot;. I see a huge possibility the senior management wanted to actually say something entirely different:  they &lt;strong&gt;planned to test for four weeks max&lt;/strong&gt; and they expected to have stable &lt;strong&gt;practically bug-free&lt;/strong&gt; app by now. (Clear message when I look at their graph - right side is a stable bug-free app.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will be devil's advocate and assume that this schedule was communicated to the team. Normally the horizontal axis of this graph (the time to a stable program for which no new bugs are ever reported) is supposed to last years or decades. It can only be shortened to four weeks for a really really simple small program. I also assume that you didn't challenge this big assumption. You say nothing about it in your question, like you take for granted doing in weeks what is done in decades for big applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If senior manager failed to communicate the &quot;four weeks&quot; schedule earlier, or failed to say what was their goal, that is their big fault. It's their responsibility to communicate clearly and effectively and to know they expect something next to impossible. So I think you were communicated that unearthly plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Into fourth week and you're routinely able to pull 3 or 4 bugs a day. Whoa, that's still a lot, isn't it? They expected to get &lt;strong&gt;way more&lt;/strong&gt; testing done in week one and two. I know I would, under such schedule.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularly week one doesn't look like an honest effort &lt;em&gt;at all&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;if you have only four weeks to go&lt;/strong&gt;. Did the testers persistently &quot;called it a day&quot; after registering just two bugs?  Maybe registering a bug is some major beaurocratic chore? (That's up to direct manager to analyze/fix, not up to the senior manager.) Maybe insufficient resources were assigned to testing? (Again, that's up to direct manager, not to senior manager). Maybe a programmer delivered new functionality slowly troughout the testing, so there was almost nothing to test in the first week? (a management/scheduling/programmer problem - your ambitious schedule should be obviously extended).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26342" LastEditorUserId="26342" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T17:48:10.720" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T17:48:10.720" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27933" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-22T06:10:23.200" Score="1" ViewCount="499" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting XPath error. Already tried with many XPath's. But not able to resolve. Can anyone give correct XPath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form id=&quot;report-filter-form&quot; class=&quot;report-filter-form&quot; accept-charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; method=&quot;post&quot; autocomplete=&quot;on&quot; action=&quot;https://nextgen.retrofit.qa.binaryfountain.com/ng/reports/hca/practice-performance-report&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-body white-background&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;top_avatar&quot; class=&quot;form-control input-md filter-top-avatar practice-performance-report&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;41730&quot; name=&quot;top_avatar&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-12 multiple-location-avatar&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label class=&quot;&quot; for=&quot;avatar_id&quot;&amp;gt;Select Location(s)&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;s2id_avatar_id&quot; class=&quot;select2-container select2-container-multi select2 filter-avatar-id multiple-location-avatar practice-performance-report valid form-control input-md&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;select2-choices&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;select2-search-field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label class=&quot;select2-offscreen&quot; for=&quot;s2id_autogen5&quot;&amp;gt;Select Location(s)&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- DESIRED ELEMENT --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;input id=&quot;s2id_autogen5&quot; class=&quot;select2-input select2-default&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; spellcheck=&quot;false&quot; autocapitalize=&quot;off&quot; autocorrect=&quot;off&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; style=&quot;width: 617px;&quot; placeholder=&quot;&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- DESIRED ELEMENT --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;select2-drop select2-drop-multi select2-display-none&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;avatar_id&quot; class=&quot;select2 select2-multiple filter-avatar-id multiple-location-avatar practice-performance-report valid form-control input-md select2-offscreen&quot; value=&quot;&quot; 0=&quot;excel_config_status&quot; placeholder=&quot;Select Location(s)&quot; label=&quot;Select Location(s)&quot; multiple=&quot;multiple&quot; block_class=&quot;col-md-12 multiple-location-avatar&quot; name=&quot;avatar_id[]&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Highlighted path I need correct XPath. Already tried with many input XPath's and sibling XPath's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error Message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException:&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26349" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T11:02:17.863" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T11:02:17.863" Title="NoSuchElementException: Cannot locate an element using XPath" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12845" CreationDate="2017-06-22T09:29:05.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case you are not actually running 100 users simultaneously. Instead, you are trying to execute 1 user for 100 times with different credentials. &#xA;In this case your thread count is 1. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you are maintaining the credentials of your user in a different csv then adding that csv into the test plan and selecting option as Stop Thread on EOF=true, then at the thread group level make loop count forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will definitely work and you get the solution as you expected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26357" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T11:25:56.730" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T11:25:56.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27936" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-22T10:15:54.610" Score="3" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on protractor and using &amp;quot;protractor-angular-screenshot-reporter&amp;quot; to generate the report. But I am unable to add screenshot and test steps in this report. Can anyone please help me with this. Any help from anyone is appreciated. Below I have attached the report that I am getting. I want to add some steps like &amp;quot;Clicked on web Element name&amp;quot; after clicking on any web Element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dn9pI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dn9pI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7lzqF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7lzqF.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26356" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:26:58.660" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:26:58.660" Title="Unable to add/attach screenshot and test steps in Report" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27910" CreationDate="2017-06-22T10:16:55.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly you have to look that whether element is present is any Frame. If the element is there in any Frame then you have to switch into that particular Frame by using below syntax:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver().switchTo().frame(&quot;frameName&quot;);&#xA;driver().switchTo().frame(&quot;frameIndex&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also switch to the frame by giving its element like &lt;code&gt;class, id&lt;/code&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver().switchTo().frame(findElementByClassName(&quot;shrGoogleConnectIframe&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can locate the element using its any of the property mentioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;amount&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[name=amount]&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@name='amount']&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you are able to locate the element, you have to switch back to the default content using below syntax:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In test automation services, the best practice is to use &lt;code&gt;id, name and CSS selectors, Xpath&lt;/code&gt; should be given least priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T11:22:16.037" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T11:22:16.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27939" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-22T11:43:29.557" Score="1" ViewCount="720" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have connected mobile phone with my IP config and set port which I have set in JMeter. but while start recording in JMeter and start the application in a phone then it showing an error in JMeter &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ewxCW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ewxCW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T08:45:46.970" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T10:09:35.157" Title="Getting error in JMeter while testing with android application" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27923" CreationDate="2017-06-22T11:50:19.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intermittent problems are hard. They're hard to reproduce and hard to track down. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work on a process with intermittent issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Report the issue&lt;/strong&gt; - I make sure to note that the issue is intermittent and that I will be researching it. I make a note to myself to watch out for the issue as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Triage the issue&lt;/strong&gt; - While I'm researching and noting what I'm doing when the issue happens, I look at how often it's likely to happen, whether it looks like a possible race condition, a data-bound issue, or a combination of the multiple interacting conditions a typical app needs to deal with (in my experience most intermittent issues fall into one of these categories - one really special one took well over 100 steps to reproduce and missing any of them made it not happen: but it was catastrophic when it did occur). I also look at the potential impact and whether any particular customers are more likely to encounter it because of their configuration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Log everything&lt;/strong&gt; - If I can, I enable every form of logging the application and system has. If not, I try to reproduce while using a logging app that records my actions. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update the issue with findings&lt;/strong&gt; - Each time I find more information, I will update the issue. My goal at this point is to gather as much data as I can so that when customers report the issue the development team is more likely to be able to fix it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I find a reliable way to reproduce the issue, I will add that to the report. If I find a process that will cause the issue within a set time period, I'll add that to the issue (I encountered one of these where after enough navigation through a large data set, the current position in the data set would be lost. Exactly how much navigation varied, but with a data set in the hundreds and a combination of moving forward and back through the pages and making edits, I could guarantee the problem would happen before reaching the last page).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would disagree with your test manager. Five days is not enough time. I'd suggest that instead of marking them resolved, you mark them unable to reproduce. This keeps them searchable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the test manager insists, I'd suggest you include some key text people can easily search on in the issue when you mark it resolved.  Something like [Intermittent - Unable to reproduce] in the title or another searchable field would work. Then tell your other team members so that if they run into an intermittent issue, they can search easily too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T11:50:19.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27923" CreationDate="2017-06-22T11:59:18.817" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Intermittent Failures are the bane of our work.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is important to know that they are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Common to many, if not most, organizations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most commonly UI tests that interact with a browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As common as 1 in 2 or as rare as 1 in 1 million&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Avoiding them requires a number of different good practices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensuring that the database is as empty as possible and is reset after each test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait techniques to make sure a browser page assets are all loaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait techniques to make sure a browser page is fully rendered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait techniques to deal with ajax, i.e. implicit waits&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allowing time for fixing tests now over pending the test and adding to the backlog&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding that as test suites grow they start to require maintenance reources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding that different devices and browser versions have different issues to address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Collect examples over time and then look for patterns - detective work that can take months*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* months or even years in some cases.  So 5 days is not enough time by a long way.  I would look to have a discussion with your manager where you say you need more examples than you'll get in 5 days in order to see the patterns.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Your manager has a point though, if these tests are sometimes failing it may make sense to actually remove them briefly and actually fix them.  What happens in many organizations though is that they are removed and &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; fixed.  The details count here.  If a test is failing 1 in 3 runs, that is too often and is leading to lack of confidence in the test suite, plus that test might also miss other stuff it should still be checking.  A failure rate of 1 in 10,000 however would probably lead me to leave the test in place and when I have no other work to do... ;) I'll fix it.  It's always about company priorities, other work, time and expense, value and criticality of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A fix in 5 days philosophy can be a good thing!  However I would look to make sure that my workload for regular features and bugs is only about 40% of my time so that I have the time and resource to fix these issues.  20% of my time is maintaining tests so that means 40% is left to features and regular bugs.  This comes from experience.  It's really hard to accept / implement / communicate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T12:11:56.380" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T12:11:56.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27933" CreationDate="2017-06-22T12:02:25.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of the &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; element looks &lt;em&gt;auto-generated&lt;/em&gt; - you probably cannot use it to locate the element directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are so many ways to get to the element, but I think, using the label's text and then using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XPath/Axes/following-sibling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;following-sibling&lt;/code&gt; axis&lt;/a&gt; is one of the most explicit approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//label[. = 'Select Location(s)']/following-sibling::input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T12:54:38.470" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T12:54:38.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-22T12:38:13.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This won't help in particular, but I am severely tempted to tell your management to retake statistics if they adore it that much.  With small numbers like this, all bets are off regarding statistical models, and when you model stuff like that, it's basically how you fare when a random person comes by in random intervals and randomly discovers some bug anyhow.  In reality, testing is not random but you'll expand and develop suitable procedures and areas to research as bugs are getting discovered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They want to see reality adapted to models.  That's not what models are for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26372" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T12:38:13.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27946" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-22T14:08:31.027" Score="0" ViewCount="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a spreadsheet having two records&#xA;Environment   ID&#xA;Alpha          1&#xA;Bravo          2&#xA;Charlie        3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a web page, I have a drop down for Environment and text box for ID.&#xA;I need a code where I am reading the environment and match it with Environment drop down on the web page if it matches I need to pass the corresponding ID to ID text box and click on submit.&#xA;Please anyone can share the logic with me in selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26377" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T04:33:08.130" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T08:48:09.197" Title="Selenium Help Needed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-23T05:41:42.340" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27947" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-22T14:09:03.117" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some bugs may take &lt;strong&gt;days&lt;/strong&gt; to track down and report correctly (to be reproducible). And if bug is not reproducible, bug report is worthless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tell your management: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;be careful what you ask for: you will get it&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. If they want to count the bugs, testers will enter big number of trivial bugs but would tend to ignore bugs which take long time to report properly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Workplace exchange&lt;/a&gt; has many questions related to how to deal with management which has unreasonable metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one of my previous jobs, that's what happened: management hired bunch of unskilled summer interns who were tasked to find highest count of bugs. Received minimal training, so reported even correct system behavior as a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They reported so many &quot;issues&quot; (and many duplicates, because they were not even trained and required to check it &quot;bug&quot; was already reported) that several developers spend full time just triaging (and rejecting) most of the &quot;bug&quot; reports. And of course they did not detected any serious bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Experiment was such a disaster that it was abandoned in just few short weeks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T18:37:09.427" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T18:37:09.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27916" CreationDate="2017-06-22T14:19:06.087" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm guessing TestNG's xml is case sensitive? Have you tried&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;userid&quot; value=&quot;pallatirkak&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;criteria&quot; value=&quot;invalid&quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T14:19:06.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27949" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-22T14:40:39.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many things can affect number of bugs discovered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Methodology. If you're &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fuzzing&lt;/a&gt; there will certainly be random variations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changes. If software was being changed while testing new bugs could easily be introduced and increase number found in the following days.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bug complexity. Encountering a bug is only the first step in reporting it. Finding enough information to make a valuable report may take a long time for complex bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus. If you're targeting different areas of functionality on different days, yesterday's number will have no impact on today's number. You're exploring different terrain. Specific things that might differ:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Previous testing. An area that has already had heavy testing will likely have fewer bugs to find than another area with no previous testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature age. A feature that has been around longer will likely have had its major bugs discovered simply through use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developer. Code written by an experienced developer will likely have fewer bugs than code written by a new developer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on size of the software + time devoted to manual testing and/or computer power devoted to automated testing, you might still be at the beginning of testing. If your current chart is short term it doesn't make sense to evaluate it against long term trends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could write an explanation of testing that discusses whichever of these is relevant to your situation. Discovering bugs is a &lt;em&gt;discovery&lt;/em&gt; activity. You investigate because &lt;em&gt;you don't know&lt;/em&gt; what you'll find, where, or when. It's not predictable or consistent. Seeing fluctuations in the number of bugs discovered is the normal, expected situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I'd be concerned if I saw a chart that was too consistent. That would speak to massaging the chart by reporting spurious bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21211" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T14:40:39.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27950" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27953" CreationDate="2017-06-22T14:49:50.090" Score="4" ViewCount="495" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand this question may look subjective, so I will do my best to make this more specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have created a suite of Selenium TestCases using Python. I want these tests to run each night, against a particular URL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where is the best place to store a large number of Selenium tests? And are there any tools which I can use to manage these tests, so that they run each evening?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T15:56:07.617" Title="How do you set up selenium tests to run nightly, and where do you store the files?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27923" CreationDate="2017-06-22T14:51:41.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Against flaky test &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2016/05/flaky-tests-at-google-and-how-we.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Googlers&lt;/a&gt; themselves &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gods_Themselves&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contend in vain&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we mere mortals do what Michael Durrant and Kate Paulk suggest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heisenbug&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Heisenbug&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T14:51:41.797" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27946" CreationDate="2017-06-22T14:53:50.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This should be fairly simple to do, however out of the scope of an SQA question. I advise you look at the following sites for further information on how to complete this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Excel with Python: &lt;a href=&quot;https://automatetheboringstuff.com/chapter12/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://automatetheboringstuff.com/chapter12/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using Selenium with Python: &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/getting-started.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/getting-started.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basic Python Logic: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.learnpython.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.learnpython.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastEditorUserId="23435" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T08:48:09.197" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T08:48:09.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27950" CreationDate="2017-06-22T15:14:50.577" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where is the best place to store a large number of Selenium tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ideal place for your selenium tests would be a &lt;strong&gt;source code repository&lt;/strong&gt;, like &lt;code&gt;git&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;mercurial&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't have to host the repository yourself and can use third-party services, code hosting solutions like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;github&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/product&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;bitbucket&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And are there any tools which I can use to manage these tests, so that they run each evening?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ideal place to run these tests would be a &lt;strong&gt;continuous integration (CI) server&lt;/strong&gt;, which will aside from &lt;em&gt;scheduling&lt;/em&gt;, solve the test result &lt;em&gt;reporting&lt;/em&gt; problem, &lt;em&gt;notifications&lt;/em&gt; etc. There is a number of available CI tools, like &lt;code&gt;Jenkins&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Bamboo&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also modern CI and delivery third-party services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://travis-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Travis CI&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://circleci.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Circle CI&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also look into cross-browser and cross-platform services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Browser Stack&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. They may act as a &lt;em&gt;remote selenium server&lt;/em&gt; for your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-22T15:19:53.417" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T15:19:53.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27950" CreationDate="2017-06-22T15:15:42.187" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Where is the best place to store a large number of Selenium tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the project which they are testing. Always version control tests with the production code, or you will have a lot of extra pain for no gain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[A]re there any tools which I can use to manage these tests, so that they run each evening?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A crontab or Jenkins timed job will do the trick, but I would very much advise to configure it to run your tests on every &lt;em&gt;commit&lt;/em&gt; rather than every night.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="951" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T15:15:42.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27950" CreationDate="2017-06-22T15:56:07.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where to store tests:&lt;/strong&gt; You use source code repository, do you? They are free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to run them:&lt;/strong&gt; It depends how you designed the test suite - I assume to use some standard test runner?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have great success with Jenkins as test runner. You can set up dependencies (run some group of test only if another group succeeded), and you see the run history and tendencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T15:56:07.617" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-22T16:08:39.220" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's not enough data for any trend to be clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You found ~26 bugs in the last half of May. You found ~27 bugs in the first half of June. If the bug discovery rate keeps going like this, you're projected to maybe find 40 bugs in the month of June (40 being somewhat conservative).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you have potentially two data points: 26 and 40.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this hypothetical situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;July: 37 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;August: 46 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;September: 33 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;October: 33 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;November: 29 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;December: 17 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;January: 25 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;February: 24 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;March: 19 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;April: 18 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;May: 14 bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Put that in your favorite spreadsheet app and plot it as a bar graph. Look familiar? If your upper management is trying to find some significant progress on the order of 160 hours of work by one tester, they're sorely mistaken. What you need to show management is that you've already identified 43 bugs in the code while implementing this new workflow/tool/testing technique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be that you're in the hump on the left of their 'expected' outcome. It could also be that 1 tester on 1 project isn't enough to generate that kind of pattern at all. In fact, if bug finding remains constant, that means you don't have enough people testing in order for them to find the bugs fast enough; eg by the time they find 20 bugs, another 20 have been created and are waiting to be found. The only way to see that downward trend as time goes on is if your testers are able to find bugs faster than they're created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just try to emphasize that this is a problem whether it's recorded or not, and that there isn't enough data to come to any sort of conclusion yet. If they seem like they want to get rid of that position or stop testing altogether, try to get them to see this as a probationary period and try to convince them to give your team 6 months to try it out, and even go so far to schedule a date/meeting where the results of the probationary period are presented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;So to summarize:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Emphasize the small data set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try to get testing extended to at least 6 months&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Present results at the end of the 6 months, and try to justify the benefits received from testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Emphasize these bugs exist whether they're recorded or not, and bugs in code are potentially very expensive risks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26381" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T16:08:39.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27958" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27959" CreationDate="2017-06-22T16:20:07.243" Score="7" ViewCount="6593" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just getting started with Protractor and inherited roughly 40 automated test cases. They are currently meant to run sequentially and are not organized or built to run independently. I am taking a course through Udemy that recommends organizing them within folders and running the folders based off of need (smoketest, regression, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My concern is maintaining multiple versions of the same spec file. For example, if Login.spec.js exists in both the smoketest and regression folder, there will be two different versions of the same file that need to be maintained. Any recommendations or workflows that will help with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2019-10-10T08:48:49.897" Title="Organizing and maintaining protractor test files within multiple suites" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27958" CreationDate="2017-06-22T16:27:42.307" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you've got it wrong. &lt;em&gt;Organizing test specs into &lt;code&gt;suites&lt;/code&gt; in Protractor does not mean you need to copy the file and keep multiple versions of the same file.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, &lt;code&gt;suites&lt;/code&gt; is simply a configuration parameter that maps &quot;suite names&quot; into a list of specs. In other way, this is a way to group specs by a certain criteria. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;suites: {&#xA;    smoke: [&#xA;        'login.spec.js',&#xA;        'someOthertest.spec.js'&#xA;    ],&#xA;    performance: [&#xA;        'someOthertest.spec.js',&#xA;        'performance/*.spec.js'&#xA;    ]&#xA;},&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information, take a look:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30331018/suites-vs-specs-protractor&quot;&gt;Suites vs Specs Protractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-22T16:27:42.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-22T19:41:39.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Reality versus made-up theorie. It so depends on a lot of factors like: the quality of the developers, the quality of the testers, the complexity of the domain and maybe even how good the requirements are. Building the right product the right way is pretty hard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Robert C. Martin repentantly says that a great goal is that the QA&#xA;  department should never find bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.christoffer.me/9-things-i-learned-from-reading-the-clean-coder-by-robert-c-martin-on-how-professional-developers-conduct-themselves/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.christoffer.me/9-things-i-learned-from-reading-the-clean-coder-by-robert-c-martin-on-how-professional-developers-conduct-themselves/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.cleancoder.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UncleBob&lt;/a&gt; I would expect developers to handover NO (nearly none) defects to a QA team. In a recent 4 developer project (running for a half year) we only found 2-3 defects in production, nothing serious though. Also we have no QA person or team. Still we process and do complex analysis on big-data from multiple sources, on top of some pretty complex dash-boarding and filtering stuff. We must suck in testing according to your management, because we create and find nearly no defects. Good developer practises go a long way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a single developer project defects should be even lower, because it is so much easier to understand your own code-base. Keeping dependencies to the minimum, no other developers to break your code must also be a great feat.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking at your stats and the number of defects you find a project developed by a single developer I would seriously say it looks like a sloppy developer. Time for him/her to read something about &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CleanCode&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/de/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;technical excellence&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T06:06:13.673" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T06:06:13.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27962" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27964" CreationDate="2017-06-23T01:40:20.410" Score="15" ViewCount="2755" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA closes bugs where I work. In most cases, bugs are closed without mentioning any details about the root cause. The only info given is one of the options in our bug tracker, such as &quot;code&quot;, &quot;test data&quot;, &quot;tester error&quot; etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Senior QAs believe that details about root cause should be mentioned by the developers who fix the bug, not QA. I disagree because I believe that QA finding out root cause (even at high level) has the advantages mentioned below. Note that my &quot;Contrived examples&quot; are quite similar to issues which I have seen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1 -&lt;/strong&gt; It enables QA to learn more about the system or even business domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contrived example&lt;/strong&gt;: A search functionality in a web app was not working for one test data. For another test data, it was working. So, was the error in the search engine or something else ? From dev,  I learned that indexing would simply fix the error. In the process, i learned about the system and how to trigger indexing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2 -&lt;/strong&gt; It improves QA's knowledge &amp;amp; understanding on how bugs can creep in when they/dev can miss some test cases. They can use this knowledge to come up with more robust test cases for other situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contrived example&lt;/strong&gt;: On a web page, after clicking one button, an api is called. In rare cases, the response from the api gets delayed and the side effect is that other UI elements get disabled. Those UI elements are not related to that api call and should not be disabled if the response is delayed. The dev told me that &lt;em&gt;delayed response&lt;/em&gt; caused the issue. Next time, when I do UI testing, I will see if I should simulate delayed api responses or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if these reasons are compelling enough to make it mandatory for QA to mention root cause details in bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, should a QA mention details for the root cause for a bug or not ? Please mention the reasons also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastEditorUserId="19669" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T00:54:42.910" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T00:54:42.910" Title="Should QA or tester mention the root cause for a bug?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27962" CreationDate="2017-06-23T01:48:42.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, when definitely known, have the QA enter it, but if not known, let the developer enter it once they figure it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it really depends on a lot of factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can the tester really tell what the root cause is ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the tester have access to required resources such as source code ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the tester have the technical experience to diagnose the issue ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the bug about code or about configuration, data, dependencies, etc. ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For items such as 'tester error' or 'test data' and the tester knows that, then it is great to capture that knowledge at that time by the QA recording that fact.  If only a developer will know later then have the developer enter it when they figure it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to encourage this as part of a team approach.  Whowever find out enters the info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Review past bugs and categorizations to learn from them is a great idea.  You can come up with new and useful to tests based on the knowledge.  I would just separate that from the issue of who enters detail for a given ticket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, reflect on what you do with that data and how it adds value to the organization.  Communicate that information to the team so they know why it is important to capture it.  If you can't clearly define the reason you capture it and the direct value it adds you have a different issue.&#xA;Also for personnel performance review this may become a bullet point to assess.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T01:56:04.287" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T01:56:04.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27962" CreationDate="2017-06-23T02:35:40.380" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the type of testing.  For white box testing, maybe.  For black box testing, no.  The whole point of black box testing is that you're testing based on the specifications, not the code.  A black box tester shouldn't care why the specifications aren't being met, just that they aren't being met.  And knowing details of the internals may actually detract from black box testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's more interesting for a black box tester is to know what sort of testing you were doing to drive out the problem.  Load/stress?  Recovery?  Installation?  Upgrading?  That can tell you what sort of activities you may want to focus on in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'd caution you on a couple of things.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, you need to come up with consistent, well-defined, and comprehensive list of root causes; if one developer puts in 'concurrency', another puts in 'threading,' and another puts in 'race condition', you aren't gathering useful data.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, you need to make sure that the root cause is just that, the root cause.  In the cases you gave, I'd argue that what you listed for the root cause isn't the root cause.  That a database that needed to be indexed wasn't the root cause; the root cause may be why said database wasn't indexed.  Or it might be something beyond that.  Similarly, that the API timed out isn't the root cause of the bug; you need to look at the why the API timed out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And third, you need to make sure the data's being used, as Michael said.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You seem to be conflating two different things here:  root cause analysis and learning more about the code under test.  You shouldn't need to have an excuse to learn about the code under test, and you shouldn't do root cause analysis unless you're going to use the information for something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-06-24T12:48:04.183" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T12:48:04.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27869" CreationDate="2017-06-23T05:11:43.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finally I found answer for this just moved Response assertion under JDBC request[other screenshots are remain same]. Thank you all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6w5DW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6w5DW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T05:11:43.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27966" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-23T06:33:23.960" Score="1" ViewCount="779" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am yet to start my career. Have completed by BCA and want to move it software testing segment. Please suggest which one to learn Selenium or QTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26395" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T08:16:50.227" Title="What is the major difference between selenium and QTP" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-06-23T07:54:05.417" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27966" CreationDate="2017-06-23T07:31:23.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to go for Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is an open source tool and requires a lot of coding in order to perform automation testing. For example, you have to write functions for file operations (in order to read and write from the files). Whereas QTP being a paid tool, has many inbuilt functionalities like file operations, capturing screens and many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as a learner, it is always good to start with a tool with least support. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way, in future if you get to work on a tool which is more automation friendly (in terms of built-in functionality and support) then you will find it easier to work with such tool. But, if you start with a tool that is more automation friendly then you will end up with limited hands on experience on different aspects associated with automation framework and development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For detailed differences between Selenium and QTP. Refer to the below link:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aspiresys.com/WhitePapers/QTPvsSelenium.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.aspiresys.com/WhitePapers/QTPvsSelenium.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you any further further questions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T08:16:50.227" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T08:16:50.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27969" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27973" CreationDate="2017-06-23T08:16:53.093" Score="0" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p5qrA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/p5qrA.png&quot; alt=&quot;Mikrotik chekbox&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://192.168.*.*/webfig/#Wireless.Interfaces.6&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;#content &amp;gt; table.list &amp;gt; tbody:nth-child(41) &amp;gt; tr &amp;gt; td.label &amp;gt; span));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is selector from Chrome DevelopMode. How to click on this checkbox?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26399" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T10:39:51.047" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T10:39:51.047" Title="Selenium Java: Checkbox in MikroTik" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27397" CreationDate="2017-06-23T08:30:16.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In most of the time, Reading and Writing from an external resource plus network latency has a negative effect on performance and people love to prevent it, if possible.&#xA;That is why the most common ways to increase the performance are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To cache data (so you don't need to read the data from external resources like Database).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Process in memory, as much as possible (your case).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I think the performance of your application should have been increased, unless the implementation is not good (e.g alot of thread blocking or poor-performance algorithm etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T08:30:16.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27962" CreationDate="2017-06-23T08:54:56.687" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.growingagile.co.za/2015/04/the-testing-manifesto/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing manifesto&lt;/a&gt; states &lt;em&gt;preventing bugs over finding bugs&lt;/em&gt;. With this in mind I think you should do a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analysis&lt;/a&gt; for each defect that was found. Afterwards find a strategy or experiment to prevent a similar issue in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A root-cause is deeper than bad testing or sloppy coding. What is the real cause behind this? Lack of skills, time pressure or personal problems? Ask why at least five-times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your examples you still focus on the symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The indexing is not automated, but why isn't it? Checking your indexes manual next time is just solving the symptom. I think you are missing a &lt;a href=&quot;https://reproducible-builds.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;reproducible build&lt;/a&gt;, but still why? Lack of knowledge? Why?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The responses are delayed, but why? Is extra testing solving the real cause here? Or can we prevent it earlier in the development-cycle?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to answer your actual question. Yes, QA should also be involved in getting to the root-cause. No, the QA should not define the root-cause alone. Yes, I like to keep an extra field in our bug-tracker to contain the results of the root-cause analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think critical thinking QA people could be of real added value during the analysis. Whenever a defect happens I like to grab a developer, QA and business stakeholder and draw a root-cause mindmap and analyse the issue deeper. Do it together, share knowledge, solve real problems on the correct level. Timebox it, most of the RCA's are just a couple of minutes, unless it are company critical issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T08:54:56.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27962" CreationDate="2017-06-23T08:57:28.637" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;When talking about black box testing, I certainly believe that the root cause should be entered by the development team. Black box testers have good understanding of the requirements and the overall functionality to be tested.&#xA;But, since they are viewing the system as a black box; just relying on the requirements. Because by definition, black box testing doesn't require the testers to have in depth understanding of the implementation from coding stand point. So, generally, project teams assign testers who are very thorough with the requirements, smart while thinking about the possible test scenarios but these candidates are generally less technical (if we compare with white box testers who dive deep into the code).Having said that it is very difficult for black box testers to identify the root cause of a defect when it falls under one of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Flaw in design&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Issues in Technical Approach&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Insufficient knowledge&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oversight&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Deployment Issue&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, defect root cause is a very important field while doing root cause analysis and can be very helpful in identifying the areas of improvement for development team.&#xA;So, it is better that it is reported correctly than being reported incorrectly for defects; as it will show misleading results when RCA is done for defects. So, in order to avoid this, it is better if the defect cause is entered by developers.&#xA;Let me know in case you have any follow up questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T13:19:50.350" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T13:19:50.350" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27969" CreationDate="2017-06-23T09:50:25.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please try the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;span.checkbox input&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As, &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; tag has a class attribute &lt;code&gt;.checkbox&lt;/code&gt; it can be used as above.&#xA;We need to click the &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; tag with &lt;code&gt;type='checkbox'.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T09:50:25.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27777" CreationDate="2017-06-23T12:34:07.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At a high level, we can give this example to the kid:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You go to a toy shop to buy a musical toy. You pay $10 for it and come back home.&#xA;But when you reach home, you find that the toy is not working. It's not playing music. &#xA;It's so disappointing.&#xA;Then you can ask the kid; wouldn't it be better if we check whether the toy is working as expected; in the shop itself?&#xA;So, checking whether a toy is working as expected (better if done at the time of buying the toy), is testing. And the person (may be mom or dad of the kid) who does it for the kid, is a tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can explain her in step by step procedure what all you would do in order to to ensure that the toy adheres to the specifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T12:34:07.863" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8715" CreationDate="2017-06-23T12:47:23.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes.&lt;/strong&gt; Definitely it will help you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's a skill in demand.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But from my experience in ETL Testing, I would suggest &lt;strong&gt;you put more emphasis on understanding the end to end understanding of the ETL solution implemented&lt;/strong&gt; (As you have mentioned). &#xA;At least, you should know:&#xA;how data is extracted from multiple sources? &#xA;What is transformation logic and how it works? and final loading on data in the some data warehouse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Being good at writing database queries does not mean good ETL testing skills. Clear understanding of ETL concepts is important for a good ETL tester.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing database queries is supporting skill for an ETL tester which is must required. But it is still a secondary skill. &#xA;The primary skill is the knowledge and overall understanding of ETL concepts and ETL solution that has to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know many testers who are very good with writing queries but miss many testing scenarios while testing and ETL solution. There is a simple reason for it; lack of ETL mindset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you carry an ETL mindset and have clear understanding of ETL concepts,good understanding of all the databases involved, as the data moves from source to destination; then there are high chances that you will be able to identify more testing scenarios (even for the intermediate databases involved).&#xA;I don't say that skill of writing good SQL queries is not important. But, I would give more priority to understanding the complete ETL implementation over  writing SQL queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you keep this in mind during your journey to becoming an ETL tester, I bet that it will help you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the best on your journey of becoming a QA!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T06:58:22.587" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T06:58:22.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8715" CreationDate="2017-06-23T12:57:20.920" Score="4" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Yes but probably only a little&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Background:  I've worked in Data Warehousing for 5+ years, Application Development for 10+ years and Quality Engineering for 4+ years&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the tasks involved in ETL are about organizing and manipulating data; using ETL tools; writing scripts.  Not about writing tests, unit tests, browser tests, accessibility tests, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, as with many thing IT there are &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; technologies and skills that &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; transfer.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQL knowledge and skills.  Great for QA debugging and analysis&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project management tools like Jira&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests.  A modern shop may have tests for ETL programs so you can learn testing skills&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verifications.  Even if there are no tests there are often some sort of verifications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data Manipulation.  Always a useful skill and very transferable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Domain Knowledge.  Becoming an expert in the domain and data is very valuable for QA&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T12:57:20.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27415" CreationDate="2017-06-23T13:32:51.770" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use saveAs ans session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like this (maybe needs some changes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.exec(http(&quot;request_11&quot;)&#xA;.post(&quot;/notifications/statusUpdate&quot;)&#xA;.headers(headers_11)&#xA;.formParam(&quot;notif_id&quot;, &quot;152&quot;)&#xA;.formParam(&quot;conditions&quot;, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;.resources(http(&quot;request_11 Redirect&quot;)&#xA;.get(&quot;/employee/selfservice/grievance&quot;)&#xA;.check(jsonPath(&quot;$&quot;)&#xA;      .saveAs(&quot;myresponse&quot;))&#xA;).exec(session =&amp;gt; {&#xA;  println(session)&#xA;  session&#xA;})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T13:32:51.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27978" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27979" CreationDate="2017-06-23T13:44:36.063" Score="30" ViewCount="19304" Body="&lt;p&gt;When automating UI tests with Selenium, it is often not absolutely clear what method and what locator to use to locate an element. Some locators are less reliable, less readable than others. And, usually, there are a lot of options to get to a desired element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be specific, here are some things we've enforced (with &lt;code&gt;ESLint&lt;/code&gt;) in our UI test automation project (using &lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt; for testing an &lt;code&gt;AngularJS&lt;/code&gt; application):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no &lt;em&gt;bootstrap classes&lt;/em&gt; used inside CSS selectors (the idea is to use as less UI/layout-specific things to locate elements as possible)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;no internal angular classes&lt;/em&gt; inside CSS selectors - things like &lt;code&gt;ng-scope&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ng-binding&lt;/code&gt; are pure-technical and should not be used inside locators&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do not use &quot;xpath&quot; unless absolutely necessary (encouraged by this &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/style-guide.md#never-use-xpath&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;style guide&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other recommendations are there for locating elements in Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2020-03-26T15:19:16.397" LastActivityDate="2020-11-13T11:31:56.740" Title="What makes a good selenium locator?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="17" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27978" CreationDate="2017-06-23T15:17:29.360" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good question, especially if people will read it and stop using XPath (I am not holding my breath).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://mestachs.wordpress.com/2012/08/13/selenium-best-practices/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium best practices&lt;/a&gt; mentions order of preference: id &gt; name &gt; css &gt; xpath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.mozilla.org/webqa/2013/09/26/writing-reliable-locators-for-selenium-and-webdriver-tests/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mozilla&lt;/a&gt; explains why IDs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sauceio.com/index.php/tag/css-selectors/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Saucelabs&lt;/a&gt; explains why CSS locators are preferred over XPath&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.slideshare.net/LivePersonDev/selenium-webdriver-element-locators&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;slideshare&lt;/a&gt; compares locators (slide 23: CSS vs XPath)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16788310/what-is-the-difference-between-css-selector-xpath-which-is-betteraccording-t&quot;&gt;CSS vs XPath&lt;/a&gt; - with benchmark&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://conference.eurostarsoftwaretesting.com/liveblogged-automated-web-testing-traps-unwary-simon-stewart/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Simon Stewart&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96jHVyJyrZ8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read somewhere (cannot find the link) that another cause of flaky tests is locating elements by changeable attributes. Problem is, both browser and Selenium use internal cache to speed up access to attributes, so busting that cache might not be in sync and lead to flakiness. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/32-xpath-vs-css&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSS vs XPath: benchmark&lt;/a&gt; says that with current browsers (page has no date, sadly) difference is minimal. But because pages are styled by CSS, we can expect CSS to be more stable than XPath. Has few links for follow-up considerations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exception where XPath is OK: parent element of the current one (if a parent has no ID or name).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My order of preference for locating elements is:  By.ID &gt; By.NAME &gt; By.CSS_SELECTOR &gt; By.LINK_TEXT &gt; By.CLASS_NAME &gt; By.TAG_NAME &gt; By.XPATH&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:03:06.487" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:03:06.487" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27978" CreationDate="2017-06-23T15:31:15.110" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;For my money it is CSS Locators. Uses ID and/or class if there is one and uses position otherwise. Plus it is super easy to get Chrome to give you a CSS selector and test it in the console tab of DevTools via &lt;code&gt;document.querySelector(&quot;yourCssSelectorHere&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; or doing a search on the Elements tab and pasting it in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Most experienced Selenium users recommend CSS as their locating strategy of choice as it's considerably faster than XPath and can find the most complicated objects in an intrinsic HTML document. - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#locating-by-css&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeleniumHQ.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastEditorUserId="11015" LastEditDate="2018-07-18T20:43:25.053" LastActivityDate="2018-07-18T20:43:25.053" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27978" CreationDate="2017-06-23T15:36:56.357" Score="20" Body="&lt;p&gt;Choosing a good locator is very important to do carefully - it will define how reliable, readable, maintainable and durable your tests are going to be; how much dependent on the UI and design changes they are gonna be. Remember: maintaining end-to-end tests is, generally speaking, difficult and expensive (&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;good read on the subject&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a set of things to think about when choosing a locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scope.&lt;/strong&gt; prefer &lt;em&gt;&quot;data-oriented&quot; elements and attributes to &quot;layout-oriented&quot;&lt;/em&gt;. In other words, try to not depend on page design choices. You don't, generally, want a seamless design change of a, say, container size to break your locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;worse: &lt;code&gt;.col-md-1.col-xs-6 input&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;better: &lt;code&gt;.content input.email-input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;say &quot;No&quot; to XPaths.&lt;/strong&gt; XPath is the &lt;em&gt;slowest&lt;/em&gt; location technique; XPath expression are generally more difficult to maintain and debug (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/style-guide.md#never-use-xpath&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;reference&lt;/a&gt;). And, when it comes to multi-valued attributes like &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt;, you need to do &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/1604480/771848&quot;&gt;extra concatenation&lt;/a&gt; to be able to reliably match a class out of multiple class values, which would increase complexity and reduce readability:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;worse: &lt;code&gt;//*[contains(@class, 'some-class')//input[@type='text']&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;better: &lt;code&gt;.some-class input.email-input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Technology.&lt;/strong&gt; Try not to depend on the underlying technology of the UI implementation. For instance, in case of AngularJS, try not to use internal angular attributes or classes, like &lt;code&gt;ng-scope&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ng-binding&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;worse: &lt;code&gt;.ng-scope.ng-binding&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;better: &lt;code&gt;.email-input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML structure.&lt;/strong&gt; Try to depend on the HTML structure of the page as less as possible. The more elements you have in your path to the desired element, the higher is a chance that a UI change would suddenly break your locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;worse: &lt;code&gt;.content &amp;gt; table &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-child(2) &amp;gt; td.cell &amp;gt; input#email&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;better: &lt;code&gt;.content input#email&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;IDs are safe and fast.&lt;/strong&gt; Searching elements by &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; comes down to browsers using &lt;code&gt;document.getElementById()&lt;/code&gt; method which is optimized for speed. And, even though, nothing restricts duplicate &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; values on a page, they usually assumed and designed to be unique &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;worse: &lt;code&gt;by.css(&quot;.content &amp;gt; .main-container &amp;gt; form.login input[type=password]&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;better: &lt;code&gt;by.id(&quot;password&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other related topics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6326/is-adding-ids-to-everything-standard-practice-when-using-selenium&quot;&gt;Is adding IDs to everything standard practice when using Selenium?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11777694/which-is-the-best-and-fastest-way-to-find-the-element-using-webdriver-by-xpath&quot;&gt;Which is the best and fastest way to find the element using webdriver? By.XPath or By.ID or anything else? And why?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-23T15:47:36.127" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T15:47:36.127" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2758" CreationDate="2017-06-23T18:46:43.617" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally, Manual test cases are written at a granular level whereas an automation script typically cover one business scenario. So, typically one automation script covers multiple manual test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, a new column should be added to the spreadsheet containing manual test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should be named something like &quot;Automated Test Script Id&quot;. So, whatever manual test cases are covered by one automation script, for those cases the Id of the automated script should be mentioned in this new column for the manual test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, a mapping between manual test cases and automation scripts can be established. This new column should be left blank for the manual test cases that cannot be automated or have not been automated because of some miscellaneous reasons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that this is the easiest way to map the manual test cases against automation scripts and to easily locate if a test case has been automated or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T18:46:43.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5916" CreationDate="2017-06-23T19:27:06.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are absolutely right. I also carry the same view. It's a tricky question to answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in your case, systems will be tested individually then integrated incrementally. So, when the testing team is executing test cases to ensure that when all the systems are combined one by one, it's is not adversely impacting the output and the results are as expected. This is system integration testing.&#xA;So, once all the systems are integrated, the team tests the complete system as a whole which would be system tests in your case. So, SIT would be carried out BEFORE System testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever the case be, whenever multiple systems are integrated, the integration testing is always followed by system testing when you test the system considering it a single entity and not as the one formed by integrating multiple systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-06-23T19:27:06.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="34716" CreationDate="2017-06-23T19:38:25.913" Score="1" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are many testers who aspire to become automation testers using selenium. They pick random websites and create test scripts as per their own understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They are good at programming using Core Java. But working on a well-organized automation project provides more exposure to different frameworks and other aspects of automation testing. By other aspects, I mean taking screenshots, logging, dealing with frames.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What all features a self learning automation QA should implement before he can consider himself good at automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am giving a few examples myself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Capture screenshots at failure&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use logger&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Handle pop ups &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;perform read/write operations from files like txt, xls, xlsx, xml etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T16:09:39.050" LastActivityDate="2018-07-11T15:28:09.577" Title="Self learners: Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27919" CreationDate="2017-06-24T08:28:44.403" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to look at this from your senior managers' point of view. They don't have the time or the technical expertise to go into detail on your project, so they want a graph or number that they can look at and instantly see if the project is going OK, or if there's a problem and they need to give it some attention. They've picked one that doesn't work. Give them an alternative that &lt;em&gt;does&lt;/em&gt; let them see the project status and progress at a glance. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26417" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T08:28:44.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27962" CreationDate="2017-06-24T15:32:21.527" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think its perfectly fine for a QE to investigate the root cause, for the learning purposes you mention.  Learning is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I see RCA as a team sport - not exclusively QE responsibility.  For issues that leak into production, the team made the mistake that caused the bug, and the team missed finding/fixing before release.  So, the team should answer the 2 questions: 1) how was the bug introduced  and 2) how did it escape? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-06-24T15:32:21.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12553" CreationDate="2017-06-24T19:41:04.507" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your statement is correct. Yes, QA testing is more detailed in comparison to UAT. I will explain with an example:&#xA;For example, there might be performance related requirements that might have been defined for a website that you are testing. So, during QA testing, you must adhere to the performance numbers specified for you website. Whereas during UAT, the users might be satisfied by just browsing the website since they feel that webpages &quot;appear&quot; to be loading fast so they can pass the UAT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from this, test cases written during QA testing are more detailed covering each and every requirement. Whereas during UAT, high level business scenarios are covered, making sure that the most commonly used flows/scenarios are working as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, coming back to your question. QA testing is more strict testing where you ensure that the system adheres to the requirements specified in SRS or FRS. I don't think that we should directly relate the QA testing with raising bugs. Raising bugs is not the purpose of QA testing but a by product of QA testing. You simply record the points where you find that the system is not behaving as per the requirements specified. You record such discrepancies as bugs and assign them to development team, so that they can work on the issues reported by you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So all the discrepancies/deviations from actual requirements (which are reported in the form of bugs) are fixed by the development team and verified by the QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The software is handed over to the users for UAT once QA is satisfied that all the reported issues have been fixed (or at least most of the issues, such that they satisfy the acceptance criteria mentioned in the test plan).&#xA;The purpose of UAT is to make sure that most of the commonly used business scenarios are working. If the users report any issue in a commonly used business scenario then that is a high priority issue for the users that should be immediately fixed. However, if there is an issue with a scenario that is very rarely used, then user might be lenient and can give you some time to fix that issue since that scenario is not going to be frequently used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in short, whatever is specified in SRS/FRS is important during the QA testing and has to be verified during QA testing.&#xA;Whereas in UAT, commonly used business scenarios are priority and should be working fine. Issue reported in such scenarios are important and must be fixed on priority.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that answers your question. Let me know in case you have any follow up question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T18:05:40.990" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T18:05:40.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20315" CreationDate="2017-06-25T10:32:03.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One option to consider is just using rspec and NOT using Cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is obviously a fairly drastic step so let me give more detail and how to address your specific issues, as just &quot;don't use it&quot; isn't a very helpful or practical answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some organizations use rspec, some use cucumber and some use both.  I have observed several organization adopt Cucumber, only to abandon it within a year and just use rspec.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I have seen this happen for two principles reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Cucumber takes maintenance.  Just as with all software and testing.  I have seen companies struggle to maintain their testing suites when they include cucumber.  As the tests grow the amount of maintenance overhead also grows and becomes increasingly burdensome and slows down development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Cucumber takes discipline.  The idea is to involve business analysts (or at least &lt;em&gt;business analysis&lt;/em&gt;) in describing the companies procedures.  The problem here is that this still needs to be done using a disciplined programmatic approach that may not be clear to a non-programmer or someone not used to organizing the definition of functionality is this manner.  When you need to start explaining concepts like DRY to them this shows the problem.  Yes DRY isn't that hard - but it's part of the programming world.  Next you'll be talking about dependency inversion - how it's simple, just parameters, and so it goes on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;My approach is to try and use the best of both.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tend to use rspec and not use cucumber, however I use the following approach which lends itself heavily to Cucumber:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Feature are written with Given, When, Then in mind, not the actual words but the meaning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The above Given, When, Then sections[*1] are separated by a blank line&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One assertion per test[*2]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use rspecs &lt;code&gt;before :each&lt;/code&gt; and nested levels of tests to run shared setup for multiple tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[*1] This is the Gherkin syntax.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;[*2] This rule is intentionally broken for feature specs due to the slowness of using real browsers.  Chrome headless (version 59) may change this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example for the login you mentioned:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe &quot;a set of tests&quot; do&#xA;  before :each do&#xA;    login&#xA;  end&#xA;  it &quot;test1&quot; do&#xA;    stuff&#xA;  end&#xA;  it test2&quot; do&#xA;    other stuff&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One final note: Even without this, I assume that you have created methods such as '&lt;code&gt;login_to_app&lt;/code&gt;' that at least DRYs up the login part so that you just call &lt;code&gt;login_to_app&lt;/code&gt; in all tests that require it, rather than duplicating the actual login steps themselves in each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My final comment is that in terms of being able to figure out which tests need which setup steps, there is no easy solution or tools to help with this currently.  I feel this is mostly because this requires human knowledge and expertise to determine what tests need what setup and how best to organize tests, nested tests, shared setup, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T10:59:40.563" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T10:59:40.563" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27989" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="27991" CreationDate="2017-06-25T13:41:33.780" Score="5" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a bunch of popular javascript frameworks such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Angular&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;React&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ember&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meteor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What tools exist for unit (white box) testing each of them?  Does each framework support its own unit testing approach?  Do you use Jasmine or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jfirebaugh/konacha&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Konacha&lt;/a&gt;?  This is as opposed to black box testing the actual page with Selenium and supported programming languages and testing DSLs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T16:49:48.313" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T16:56:11.933" Title="How to unit test the plethora of js frameworks?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;front-end&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27990" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28097" CreationDate="2017-06-25T14:04:05.587" Score="3" ViewCount="6464" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I select &quot;Fiyata göre Artan&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;search-top hidden-xs&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;destination-info hidden-xs&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;search-sort dropdown open&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;pseudo-border-bottom hidden-xs&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;result-sort-box&quot; data-toggle=&quot;dropdown&quot; aria-haspopup=&quot;true&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul id=&quot;sort-list&quot; class=&quot;dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-sort sort-list&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;result-sort-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li data-sort-theme=&quot;plh&quot;&amp;gt;Fiyata göre artan&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li data-sort-theme=&quot;phl&quot;&amp;gt;Fiyata göre azalan&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;active&quot; data-sort-theme=&quot;ms&quot;&amp;gt;İlgiye göre&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with XPath but I'm getting an error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: element not visible&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My full work is here &lt;a href=&quot;https://paste.ubuntu.com/24954431/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://paste.ubuntu.com/24954431/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GxpLu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GxpLu.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18833" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T06:14:12.323" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T20:00:43.673" Title="How can I select &lt;ul&gt; element when class is not active" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27989" CreationDate="2017-06-25T16:48:42.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have worked with a couple of JavaScript front-end frameworks (Angular, Ember and React) an all of them have their own tools to write (whitebox) tests. The (included) test frameworks let you render the components in isolation letting you verify their behaviour without the need of a browser. Letting you write unit like tests, but also integration tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we are working with React:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jest&lt;/a&gt; is the test framework Facebook maintains themselves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/airbnb/enzyme&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Enzyme&lt;/a&gt; let's you render the component in a shadow-dom to check the components behaviors easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/tutorial-react.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;React testing documentation&lt;/a&gt; has some examples for Jest and Enzyme.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try to prevent to write all your tests with Selenium. Personally we only write one end-2-end test for each feature we build. Just to make sure it is testable and so that we test the happy-path end-2-end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like with any other test-automation the majority of your tests should be around 75% unit-tests, 20% integration tests and only 5% blackbox-ui tests. I like &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@NReijmersdal/the-test-eiffeltower-versus-test-pyramids-3b15e8621122&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the measurements of the Eiffel-tower&lt;/a&gt; for the balance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing explained for the other frameworks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ember: &lt;a href=&quot;https://guides.emberjs.com/v2.11.0/testing/unit-testing-basics/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://guides.emberjs.com/v2.11.0/testing/unit-testing-basics/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Angular: &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/unit-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/unit-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Vue.js: &lt;a href=&quot;https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/unit-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/unit-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Meteor: &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.meteor.com/testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://guide.meteor.com/testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T16:56:11.933" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T16:56:11.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27458" CreationDate="2017-06-25T17:11:10.913" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our Selenium test for Office365 we do not click the button we just &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1629053/typing-enter-return-key-in-selenium&quot;&gt;send an ENTER-keypress&lt;/a&gt;. Just like most users will they will fill in the form and press ENTER to submit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now Office365 might have a slightly different login screen then MS Dynamics 365. Alternatively I would try to use TABS to move to the button and wait until it becomes active.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T17:11:10.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26878" CreationDate="2017-06-25T17:16:41.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most if not all developer tool steps have command-line alternatives. There should not be a need to use the actual GUI to build a piece of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Research how you can do this with the command line and then you can configure your &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CI-server&lt;/a&gt; todo the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google is full of links on this search query &quot;build ipa file from command line&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2664885/xcode-build-and-archive-from-command-line&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2664885/xcode-build-and-archive-from-command-line&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or something like &quot;build ipa file from ci&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://about.gitlab.com/2016/03/10/setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-ios-projects/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://about.gitlab.com/2016/03/10/setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-ios-projects/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T17:16:41.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2017-06-25T18:38:39.193" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, I want to tell you that you are playing a very important role in your team. The skills that you have mentioned (exploratory testing, scenario testing, proper analysis and knowledge of SQL) are actually vital for a successful project. &#xA;I know certain instances where some scenarios were missed during testing because of a lack of proper analysis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, I must say that it is just a matter of going for it (automation).&#xA;You will be successful in that too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now coming to the question related to demand of manual vs automation testers.&#xA;I am of the opinion that the demand for manual testers will gradually decrease.&#xA;As of now, the industry has already put a lot of emphasis on automating regression testing which was being taken care of by manual testers earlier. And efforts are being made to automation more manual work that the manual testers are doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, yes, smart manual testers will always be there and retain jobs. Because I don't see 100% automated testing as a good idea and even it's not feasible as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, overall automation will increase with an increase in demand for automation testers. And it will adversely impact the demand for manual testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For you, I would suggest to start learning automation. Because if you work on SQL and understand the logic, and also you are good at identifying business scenarios, I believe that you will easily pick automation and programming concepts required for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After all, there is nothing wrong with having one more arrow (automation) in your quiver. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:32:25.930" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:32:25.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2017-06-25T18:54:00.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well. I don't see any issue with you not finding any critical bugs as you have already provided the product background and the fact that it has been rigorously tested by many different QAs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, another thing that I want to highlight here is that if you are looking at this application for quite some time now, the chances of finding bugs also go down because as a human you slowly stop getting excited and enthusiastic when you are seeing the same thing every day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is better that for some time, just try to plan something around coverage of the functional scenarios.&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Are the test cases covering all the functional aspects of testing?&#xA;Try to look at the RTM (Requirement Trace-ability matrix) and see if it covering everything. If RTM doesn't exist, then try to prepare one.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See, there is this bitter fact. If you are not finding bugs, it is good as long as no (or only a few) issues are reported after production deployment. &lt;strong&gt;So, try to come up with ideas to ensure the test coverage and strengthen your position and confidence in the quality of the application.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T18:54:00.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27996" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18554" CreationDate="2017-06-25T19:32:32.677" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the Java GUI application is based on Swing, &lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/assertj-swing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AssertJ Swing&lt;/a&gt; is probably one of the best open source libraries. It's a fork of &lt;a href=&quot;https://code.google.com/archive/p/fest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FEST&lt;/a&gt; and has several advantages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/assertj-swing-input.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Simulation of user interaction&lt;/a&gt; with a GUI (e.g. drag 'n drop)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Reliable &lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/assertj-swing-lookup.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GUI component lookup&lt;/a&gt; (by type, by name or custom search criteria)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Support for all Swing components included in the JDK&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Compact and powerful API for creation and maintenance of functional GUI tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Supports &lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/assertj-swing-launch.html#applets&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Applet testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Ability to embed &lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/assertj-swing-troubleshooting-screenshots.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;screenshots of failed GUI tests&lt;/a&gt; in HTML test reports&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Can be used with either &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JUnit&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Supports &lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/assertj-swing-edt.html#testing-violations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing violations&lt;/a&gt; of Swing's threading rules&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Can be used with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jidesoft.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JIDE Software&lt;/a&gt; (since 1.1.0)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, it's actively maintained, offers a comprehensive documentation, supports Java 8, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://joel-costigliola.github.io/assertj/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AssertJ&lt;/a&gt; itself has some neat assertions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2020-05-31T08:39:28.297" LastActivityDate="2020-05-31T08:39:28.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="27997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27990" CreationDate="2017-06-25T20:20:02.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can select the element by text using an XPath expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//ul[@id='sort-list']//li[. = 'Fiyata göre artan']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure to open up the dropdown before clicking the dropdown element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T20:20:02.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25103" CreationDate="2017-06-25T22:07:07.110" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a sketch of the solution in Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver1 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;WebDriver driver2 = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;login(driver1);&#xA;assertThat(driver1, canAccessProtectedPage());&#xA;assertThat(driver2, not(canAccessProtectedPage()));&#xA;&#xA;login(driver2);&#xA;assertThat(driver2, canAccessProtectedPage());&#xA;assertThat(driver1, not(canAccessProtectedPage()));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to add additional timeouts and waits until a user is logged out in first browser (&lt;code&gt;driver1&lt;/code&gt;) before you check access.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-25T22:21:12.777" LastActivityDate="2017-06-25T22:21:12.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="27999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27494" CreationDate="2017-06-25T22:50:20.147" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An alternative way is to use a faster way to authenticate, i.e.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login at REST API level, e.g., with REST-assured, Retrofit or any other HTTP client.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Copy a session cookie from HTTP response or HTTP client cookstore to &lt;code&gt;sessionCookie&lt;/code&gt; variable. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;code&gt;sessionCookie&lt;/code&gt; to a browser instance (&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().addCookie(sessionCookie)&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T05:12:43.430" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T05:12:43.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27939" CreationDate="2017-06-26T04:26:27.717" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to install JMeter's self-signed certificate so JMeter could decrypt and record HTTPS traffic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locate &lt;code&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&lt;/code&gt; file under &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send it to mobile device vie bluetooth or email or whatever way plays for you&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tap on the certificate in email attachment or file manager and follow Android OS instructions to get it installed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remember that the certificate has limited life time so you will have to repeat the procedure each 7 days&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;strong&gt;HTTPS recording and certificates&lt;/strong&gt; section of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt; User Manual entry for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware of an alternative solution of recording mobile device traffic, it automates not only certificate installation process, but it's capable of exporting recorded scenarios in &quot;SmartJMX&quot; mode with automated correlation applied, it means that it will generate all the necessary &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Post Processors&lt;/a&gt; to handle dynamic parameters, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-cut-your-jmeter-scripting-time-80&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Cut Your JMeter Scripting Time by 80%&lt;/a&gt; for more information.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T04:26:27.717" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27793" CreationDate="2017-06-26T04:34:20.630" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To determine whether previous sampler was successful or not you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeters-if-controller-and-get-pie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;If Controller&lt;/a&gt; and the following condition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${JMeterThread.last_sample_ok}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If Controller with the above condition&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Request 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming the above configuration &lt;code&gt;Request 2&lt;/code&gt; will be executed only if &lt;code&gt;Request 1&lt;/code&gt; is successful. &lt;code&gt;Request 3&lt;/code&gt; will be executed always&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In regards to adding a delay between requests there are 2 ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Action&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Action&lt;/a&gt; sampler in &lt;code&gt;Pause&lt;/code&gt; mode. It doesn't generate sample result and you can use it for pausing thread(s) between request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter provides variety of &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#timers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Timers&lt;/a&gt;. Timers respect &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/test_plan.html#scoping_rules&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;scoping rules&lt;/a&gt; and produce delay &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; sampler(s) in scope is(are) executed. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T04:34:20.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28002" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28015" CreationDate="2017-06-26T05:21:32.610" Score="13" ViewCount="3336" Body="&lt;p&gt;A blocker bug I raised last week had been fixed and ready for re-testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This morning, I re-tested it, it passed and subsequently closed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the afternoon, by accident, I noticed this feature was unfixed again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After I reported it to my project manager, it was fixed again.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestion on how to manage this kind of bugs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;--More background--&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We are contractors working on a short contract, 6 weeks in total.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pure manual testing, our employers are not interested in any forms of automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers are contractors as well, they work offsite. We communicate via conference calls. Developers have their own project manager and we have our own project manager.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are only 10 days left in our contract.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Raised bugs 104, fixed bugs 26, as of 27th June 2017&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastEditorUserId="24450" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T17:11:27.090" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T17:30:51.810" Title="What to do when a bug is fixed, unfixed and fixed" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28002" CreationDate="2017-06-26T06:32:00.230" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not high volume of such issues:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, from my experience, I believe that such issues generally exist in projects but they are not huge in numbers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Track them separately and re-test periodically&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way is to keep the Ids of such defects handy and add them to your watch list. Once bug surfaces again from Closed state, it should be &quot;Re-opened&quot;. These bugs should be re-tested couple of times (once a week or once a fortnight) even after getting fixed (since they are history-sheeters :-))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be the whistle blower&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, in case you feel that you need to escalate this issue to your manager or  anyone else, then you can pull the data related to the number of iterations for such issue, in order to highlight the uncertainty associated to such issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cure for such issues&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, such issues are caused if there are issues at design level. So, these issues are deep rooted and developers are unable to resolve them merely by making changes to the code. Such issues, generally require the attention of the person playing the role technical architect (or equivalent).&#xA;And the team should sit together in order to finalize a fix for such issues. Impact analysis is very important when a solution is proposed because you want to get the bug fixed permanently and no transformed from one form to another. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T17:30:51.810" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T17:30:51.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28002" CreationDate="2017-06-26T06:53:08.280" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add an automated test for each defect. Make sure they never return.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it is a short cycle, you caught it fast. I have seen long cycles. One client asking to remove/change/fix something. Release some months later, one client complains something is missing. The team fixes it, until the other clients comes back. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need someway to document the changes. I would say write a test-case that gets repeated before every release. Preferable automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T06:53:08.280" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28002" CreationDate="2017-06-26T06:56:09.897" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It looks like developers need to produce release notes and inform everyone that a patch is applied or unapplied.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developers had fixed it and for some reason unfixed it, but they had never informed anyone as you found out this issue was unfixed by accident.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a general practice, a release note should be sent out to everyone before a patch is applied. In this release note, it should address which issues are addressed by this patch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A notification email should be sent as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My personal recommendation:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Escalate this issue to your project manager and ask for a release note and notification email&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you have recorded how you re-tested it, how it became unfixed and etc. Show them to your project manager if it is necessary. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keep your own personal backlog of important blocker tickets which have been fixed. Regression test all of them in case they become unfixed again.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T09:19:25.543" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T09:19:25.543" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28007" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-26T08:11:52.003" Score="1" ViewCount="4335" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you saw scroll spy in facebook logout functionality, I'm not able to find out XPath within that span class, on trying with &lt;code&gt;.Class&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;.ID&lt;/code&gt; and it didn't work for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to click on Logout button in Facebook or LinkdIn: For first click, it opens scroll down the functionalities like Myprofile, logout, Home...etc &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to click on that element (Logout button) which is within that scroll spy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your answers will be highly appreciated..!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26429" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T12:55:35.843" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:25:28.183" Title="How to click an element (such as FB logout button) which is not visible until I click on the dropdown?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-06-28T10:39:55.257" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28007" CreationDate="2017-06-26T08:22:06.660" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you are talking about the last menu item, &quot;Log out&quot;, with the menu already open (so the element is visible to click on):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(@data-gt,'menu_logout')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T08:22:06.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28007" CreationDate="2017-06-26T08:30:31.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use below Xpath, it should work. And as mentioned in the above post. You can use Firefox extension Firepath in order to locate the elements.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[@class='_54nh'][text()='Log Out']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is the complete program from logging in to Facebook and logging out. It works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package helpOthers;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;public class Facebook_logout {&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(enabled = true)&#xA;&#xA;    public void logout_test () throws InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;        // In the below line, set the properly as per the path of your computer drive.&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;D:\\Selenium\\BrowserDrivers\\geckodriver.exe&quot;); //System.setProperty(mozilla driver,Driverpath);&#xA;        WebDriver dr=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        dr.get(&quot;http://www.facebook.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;email&quot;)).sendKeys(username);  //Enter username in double quotes&#xA;        dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;pass&quot;)).sendKeys(password);   // Enter password in double quotes&#xA;        dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='submit']&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;userNavigationLabel&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);;&#xA;        dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@class='_54nh'][text()='Log Out']&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        dr.quit();  &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Played around with the code in order to check if the logout element can be identified with id. Used my explicit wait function to see what happens:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'package helpOthers;&#xA;import Cricket_commonFunctions.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;public class Facebook_logout {&#xA;    GenericFunctions gf= new GenericFunctions();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(enabled = true)&#xA;&#xA;public void logout_test () throws InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;    // In the below line, set the properly as per the path of your computer drive.&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;D:\\Selenium\\BrowserDrivers\\geckodriver.exe&quot;); //System.setProperty(mozilla driver,Driverpath);&#xA;    WebDriver dr=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    dr.get(&quot;http://www.facebook.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;&#xA;    dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;email&quot;)).sendKeys(gf.readConfigFile(&quot;FacebookUsername&quot;));&#xA;    dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;pass&quot;)).sendKeys(gf.readConfigFile(&quot;FacebookPassword&quot;));&#xA;    Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;    dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='submit']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(6000);&#xA;    dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;userNavigationLabel&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    //dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@class='_54nh'][text()='Log Out']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    //WebElement logout =dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;show_me_how_logout_1&quot;));&#xA;    //Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&#xA;    boolean element_exists=gf.ElementexistsById(dr, &quot;show_me_how_logout_1&quot;);&#xA;    if (element_exists){&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;    dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;show_me_how_logout_1&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;    dr.quit();  &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'&#xA;Look at the if condition.So, when I executed the program in debug mode, it satisfied the if condition but failed when it tried to click the element found by ID.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T13:25:28.183" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:25:28.183" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28010" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-26T07:00:45.517" Score="9" ViewCount="774" Body="&lt;p&gt;My manager asked me to look into how we can utilize automated UI testing to gain productivity and help testers automate basic functionality of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I developed few test suites and cases using selenium ide and they are working perfectly, now I am stuck at recommendation stage. Currently, we don't do any unit testing or integration testing, in fact, all testing is done manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We started following dev ops too but with help of a consultant who is not available to help now. Where does automated UI testing stands in Dev Ops cycle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Would it be developers job to create basic selenium ide test cases and then pass them to testers and if they find any new test case they would add it to test suite ideally without help from devs or minimum.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But can't be sure how this all will fit in if we code a framework using C# which will interact with these cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So back to the main question, how &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;automated UI&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; fits in Dev Ops cycle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26434" OwnerDisplayName="Mathematics" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T09:27:42.837" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T09:27:42.837" Title="Where tools for automated UI test like selenium or Coded UI fits in Dev Ops cycle" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28010" CreationDate="2017-06-26T08:57:49.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Would it be developers job to create basic selenium ide test cases and then pass them to testers and if they find any new test case they would add it to test suite ideally without help from devs or minimum.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depends on how your company is structured. Having said it, it is uncommon for developers to come up with basic Selenium IDE tests. At least, I have never seen it myself. In terms of testing, developers tend to develop their own unit test cases only.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So back to the main question, how automated UI fits in Dev Ops cycle?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated UI testing tools are best utilized for simpler / smaller testing project only. As they are very susceptible to elements' attributes changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Automated UI testing tools are commonly used for proof of concepts purpose instead of being used for a maintainable, scalable and robust testing project.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For a maintainable, scalable and robust UI testing project, you have no choice but going for Selenium Webdriver or something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T08:57:49.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28010" CreationDate="2017-06-26T09:02:35.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_delivery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous delivery principles&lt;/a&gt; this would be the &quot;Automated acceptance tests&quot; step. Your &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous integration server&lt;/a&gt; should run these tests on each commit and give feedback as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who shall write these tests depends on your setup and cycle, but I would favor developers to add atleast a happy-path test on the ui-level of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-pyramid&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't use Selenium IDE to run your tests for a serious complex product/project, read this thourhgly: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19683100/why-do-we-use-webdriver-instead-of-selenium-ide&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19683100/why-do-we-use-webdriver-instead-of-selenium-ide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T09:02:35.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28010" CreationDate="2017-06-26T09:06:57.970" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this context, a goal you most likely want to achieve is one of &lt;strong&gt;Continuous Integration&lt;/strong&gt; (CI).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To that end, from the developer side, every check-in will trigger a build (to perform certain checks and see if it passes). Then you will usually have a &lt;strong&gt;nightly build&lt;/strong&gt; that gives you an up-to-date test environment every morning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, this pipeline should include automated tests. You mention C#, so your best bet is likely Selenium WebDriver (.Net bindings) used in MSTest framework. This framework, because it's from Microsoft, is very easily integrated in the VSTS build process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can &lt;strong&gt;run tests automatically after each (nightly) build&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On another note, some more recommendations you can make: read up on the &lt;strong&gt;test pyramid&lt;/strong&gt; and try to convince your team of the importance of unit and integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, usually you'll have testers think of the scenarios rather than developers. However, in the case of automated testing they might assist for the technical aspect (setting up framework and boilerplate code).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T09:06:57.970" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28007" CreationDate="2017-06-26T09:26:18.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Firefox extension FirePath to find xpath locators on the fly. It's a Firebug extension that adds a development tool to edit, inspect and generate XPath 1.0 expressions, CSS 3 selectors and JQuery selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22093" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T09:26:18.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28002" CreationDate="2017-06-26T09:39:58.260" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a project management issue, not testing. Your actions depends on your specific situation, for example-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A big company, huge code repository, a lot of changes- I'll ping the relevant teams, reopen the bug, check the fix and forget about it.&#xA;If I see the same issue again and again I'll make a bigger issue out of it, supporting data can probably come from the bug system queries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A small company, no decent quality culture- this would be a great opportunity to educate others&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, usually it wouldn't be wise to add a test per such bug as a rule. Those bugs are re introduced by complex branching schemes and sloppy developers, they are usually not &quot;clustered&quot; around sensitive areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T09:39:58.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28017" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28007" CreationDate="2017-06-26T11:51:18.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;When I visit that page as a logged in user the button is not visible and I need to click an arrow to make it appear&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make the button visible, first I have to click on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_5lxt f_click&quot; id=&quot;userNavigationLabel&quot;&amp;gt;Account Settings&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which is visible within&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_6a _6b uiPopover _5v-0 openToggler selected&quot; id=&quot;logoutMenu&quot; data-nocookies=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;hideToggler&quot; type=&quot;button&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;_5lxs _3qct _p&quot; aria-haspopup=&quot;true&quot; aria-labelledby=&quot;userNavigationLabel&quot; data-gt=&quot;{&amp;amp;quot;ref&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;async_menu&amp;amp;quot;,&amp;amp;quot;logout_menu_click&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;async_menu&amp;amp;quot;}&quot; href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/settings?ref=mb&amp;amp;amp;drop&quot; id=&quot;pageLoginAnchor&quot; rel=&quot;toggle&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-controls=&quot;BLUE_BAR_ID_DO_NOT_USE&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_5lxt f_click&quot; id=&quot;userNavigationLabel&quot;&amp;gt;Account Settings&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;button class=&quot;hideToggler&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; style=&quot;right: 0px;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation I would try using the &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;logoutMenu&lt;/code&gt;, i.e. click on the css &lt;code&gt;div#logoutMenu&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the menu displays I then have to click on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;_54nh&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;form class=&quot;_w0d&quot; &#xA;action=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/logout.php?button_name=logout&amp;amp;amp;button_location=settings&quot;&#xA;data-nocookies=&quot;1&quot; id=&quot;show_me_how_logout_1&quot; method=&quot;post&quot;&#xA;onsubmit=&quot;return window.Event &amp;amp;amp;&amp;amp;amp; Event.__inlineSubmit &amp;amp;amp;&amp;amp;amp; Event.__inlineSubmit(this,event)&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation I could try using the &lt;code&gt;#show_me_how_logout_1&lt;/code&gt; link although I might need to add an implicit wait for the element to appear.  I can test that by first adding a explicit sleep of 3 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might need to fiddle a bit with this solution but I think this approach is the one you need to deal with such a page state change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you should also be extracting all the finder stuff into Page Objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T11:58:49.283" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T11:58:49.283" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28018" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-26T12:34:13.857" Score="1" ViewCount="434" Body="&lt;p&gt;On my website when I log in, toaster messages will appear on the screen and at the same time a Google popup is generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I solve this problem? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After logging in I'm trying to click on my profile name and I want to select a drop down option. Can anyone help out with this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lensnmirror.com/demo/mvp1-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;website.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26436" LastEditorUserId="12429" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T15:13:09.690" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T15:13:09.690" Title="How can I handle google popup and toast messages at the same time using Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-06-28T10:39:10.880" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26326" CreationDate="2017-06-26T13:02:23.627" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe you want to consider these general points when you want to use deepEquals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing such tests and assertions are easy at the beginning, but hard to maintain in long term.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the API under test always return the same result? If not then perhaps you have to update the expected JSON manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the API return the response always in the same order? What if your deep-equal fails when the order is not the same?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Still it makes sense to test if 2 JSON matches exactly, but usually we put these kind of test under &quot;API Contract Tests&quot; + &quot;API Schema validation&quot;. If I am not wrong, this is not what exactly you want to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:02:23.627" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3956" CreationDate="2017-06-26T13:56:40.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;2017&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RC is deprecated and no longer developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T13:56:40.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26707" CreationDate="2017-06-26T14:34:38.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keep this method  in &lt;code&gt;selectElements.js&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;exports.SelectValueFromDropDown = function selectDropdownByNumber(element, index) {&#xA;    element.all(by.tagName('option')).then(function(options) {&#xA;        options[index].click();&#xA;    });      &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Call this method from other class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var commonFunction = require('path of selectElements.js');&#xA;commonFunction.SelectValueFromDropDown(Title, 3);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26356" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T14:57:38.923" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T14:57:38.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27990" CreationDate="2017-06-26T15:24:55.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to click on whatever makes your element visible first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium by design cannot do anything the user cannot do, like clicking on an element which is not visible or enabled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So not being able here is not a bug, it is a feature. It prevents you from making page interactions in Selenium which user cannot do (detects impossible interactions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T10:21:47.390" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T10:21:47.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28025" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-26T16:49:56.910" Score="2" ViewCount="487" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run my script on Appium and I always fail tests because of an error on my unit test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Name:  Addition&#xA;Test FullName:  AppiumTest2.UnitTest1+BasicScenarios.Addition&#xA;Test Source:    C:\Users\documents\visual studio 2015\Projects\AppiumTest2\AppiumTest2\UnitTest1.cs : line 72&#xA;Test Outcome:   Failed&#xA;Test Duration:  0:00:00&#xA;&#xA;Result StackTrace:  &#xA;at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.CreateResponse(WebRequest request)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.Execute(Command commandToExecute)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.Execute(String driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.StartSession(ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver..ctor(ICommandExecutor commandExecutor, ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver..ctor(Uri remoteAddress, ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)&#xA;   at AppiumTest2.UnitTest1.BasicScenarios.Setup(TestContext context) in C:\Users\documents\visual studio 2015\Projects\AppiumTest2\AppiumTest2\UnitTest1.cs:line 33&#xA;Result Message: Class Initialization method AppiumTest2.UnitTest1+BasicScenarios.Setup threw exception. OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException: OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException: The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server for URL http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub/session timed out after 60 seconds. ---&amp;gt; System.Net.WebException: The operation has timed out.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I have now on my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities appCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;appCapabilities.SetCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;appCapabilities.SetCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;emulator-5554&quot;);&#xA;appCapabilities.SetCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;com.android.calculator2.Calculator&quot;);&#xA;appCapabilities.SetCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.android.calculator2&quot;);&#xA;appCapabilities.SetCapability(&quot;newCommandTimeout&quot;, &quot;6000000&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;CalculatorSession = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri(WindowsApplicationDriverUrl), appCapabilities);&#xA;Assert.IsNotNull(CalculatorSession);&#xA;&#xA;CalculatorSession.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(600000));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder what is wrong with my settings and I can't seem to find the issue. I have increased the timeouts but it won't fix it. This is my first time using appium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-26T18:11:29.863" LastActivityDate="2019-04-18T12:01:40.373" Title="Unable to run tests for Appium on Visual Studio 2015 due to Timeout" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28026" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-26T16:59:57.510" Score="5" ViewCount="452" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Coded UI for creating functional tests of a WPF application. That application is having a main menu which user needs to click in order to navigate to different screens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Issue is: If I launch application manually (like navigating to the application path and then double clicking the .exe file), then running my test (just to debug), then Coded UI is able to recognize the Child Menu items and is able to click them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if I launch application using the code provided below, then the same Coded UI code is not able to click the Child Menu items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ApplicationUnderTest AUT = ApplicationUnderTest.Launch(@&quot;D:\Calc\Code\Calc.Application\Calc.Application\bin\Debug\Calc.WPF.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even, if I use Coded UI highlighter which is displayed in recording mode, then that highlighter is not able to recognize Child Menu items.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if anyone has faced this kind of issue or how to resolve it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception: Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.UITestControlNotFoundException: The playback failed to find the control with the given search properties. Additional Details: &#xA;TechnologyName:  'UIA'&#xA;FrameworkId:  'Wpf'&#xA;ControlType:  'RadioButton'&#xA;AutomationId:  'ABC'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:10:57.193" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T17:22:03.640" Title="Coded UI not able to recognize menu items" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28027" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28029" CreationDate="2017-06-26T18:59:33.570" Score="10" ViewCount="726" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a follow-up to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/27978/5574&quot;&gt;What makes a good selenium locator?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Motivation&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been thinking about detecting the complexity of CSS selectors statically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The scope I'm working in is both &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/test-automation&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;test-automation&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;test-automation&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/web-scraping&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;web-scraping&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;web-scraping&lt;/a&gt; where &lt;em&gt;choosing a reliable CSS selector is important to be as less dependent on UI/markup/layout changes as possible&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I'm able to check the &quot;depth&quot; of a CSS selector by parsing it via &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mdevils/node-css-selector-parser&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;css-selector-parser&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and simply counting the number of nodes. If the number of nodes is more than 5 I'm concluding that this is a potentially complex CSS selector. The reasoning behind this is that, the more nodes a selector has in the path, the more dependent on the HTML structure of the page it is - the more fragile it is. For instance, this CSS selector would be considered &quot;fragile&quot; (6 nodes):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.content &amp;gt; table &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-child(2) &amp;gt; td.cell &amp;gt; input#email&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually, I'm thinking to develop a metric where each selector would get a special &quot;score&quot; value that would a measurement of a selector being more solid/durable. Inspired by famous code complexity metrics, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclomatic_complexity&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cyclomatic Complexity&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/zainnab/2011/05/26/code-metrics-maintainability-index/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maintainability Index&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Question&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What parameters would you consider to determine if a CSS selector is resistant to a change? What makes a reliable CSS locator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Thoughts&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;usage of layout-oriented &lt;code&gt;bootstrap&lt;/code&gt; classes inside CSS selectors would be a signal of a bad locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;implementation-specific classes and attributes would make a selector less reliable. (e.g. in case of AngularJS - &lt;code&gt;ng-scope&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ng-binding&lt;/code&gt; classes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;using &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; attributes would probably be desirable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T20:51:46.687" Title="Detecting complicated CSS selectors" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28027" CreationDate="2017-06-26T20:14:16.137" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;What parameters would you consider to determine if a CSS selector is resistant to a change? What makes a reliable CSS locator?  Some factors I would consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To start with, the basics are:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locator should not include page layout structure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't base selector on the actual page text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work within your existing framework(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prefer css over xpath for readability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unique and constant css id(s) are best&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether nested tables are used or not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether &lt;code&gt;data-&lt;/code&gt; attribute identifiers are used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether a given css id is actually unique or not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether literal content text is used in the selector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The use of repeated elements, e.g. &lt;code&gt;div div div&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The DOM nesting depth of the first selector element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The number of separate html elements in the selector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often any existing selector is changed historically&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Length of the selector string (number of distinct elements)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Length of the selector string (number of distinct characters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many levels of nesting are in the DOM it goes against&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether partial and wildcard content text is used in the locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether tables are used and if so how rows are ordered / reordered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of index identifiers by, e.g. css &lt;code&gt;:nth-child(number)&lt;/code&gt;or xpath&lt;code&gt;[]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of unique attributes such as &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; with qualifying identifiers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The number of times css ids are used against elements within the selector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many instances exist of identifiers such as css class within the selector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether some id's are all numeric and unique, suggesting database backing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether some css element id's are dynamic, e.g. unique resource record id's&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The number of times each individual element of a selector appears in the DOM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether the selector elements are directly nested or just 'within' other elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whether you can see a consistent approach when comparing with other selectors&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whether within 1 table if more than one &lt;code&gt;table&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;td&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;tr&lt;/code&gt; is used in the selector&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of generic attributes such as &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; without qualifying identifiers on them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether the DOM elements are directly next to each others or nested within other elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of a framework like Ruby on Rails that provides unique identifiers for db related elements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The hard part is knowing what weighting to give each of these.  Some will be heavily influenced by the usage of both development and ux frameworks and be more or less relevant in some situations vs. others.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to tell the weighting and predictability of the elements would be to reverse-engineer and review past test breakages due to DOM changes to see the relationships.  In practice I find this hard to do as devs fix tests before committing code.  Larger companies like Google might be able to research this better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will be important to also distinguish changing application code vs. automation selectors with this complexity.  A ranking or rating of a given selector may provide good feedback for automators to use in their development of selection strings for automated tests but not be suitable for the page content itself as developed by the ux group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T15:40:36.213" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T15:40:36.213" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28025" CreationDate="2017-06-26T20:32:46.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I downloaded HAXM installer from intel and used the Google APIs Intel Atom (x86). This seemed to resolve my issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2017-06-26T20:32:46.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28031" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-26T21:51:41.657" Score="1" ViewCount="634" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having an issue trying to upload a file via php unit through selenium. This is the code for my current attempt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public function testFileUpload() &#xA;  {&#xA;     $filePath = '/Users/cdolan/Desktop/CamsodaTest/mern.png';&#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;flingLogIn();&#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;webDriver-&amp;gt;findElement(WebDriverBy::cssSelector('.btn.btn-upgrade-nav.no-follow'))-&amp;gt;click(); &#xA;     $this-&amp;gt;webDriver-&amp;gt;findElement(WebDriverBy::cssSelector('.add-pic'))-&amp;gt;click();&#xA;     sleep(3);&#xA;     $file_input = $this-&amp;gt;webDriver-&amp;gt;findElement(WebDriverBy::cssSelector('#upload-button'))-&amp;gt;click();&#xA;     $file_input-&amp;gt;setFileDetector(new LocalFileDetector());&#xA;     $file_input-&amp;gt;sendKeys($filePath)-&amp;gt;submit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test seems to run and complete with no errors, however it will not upload a file! It seems to get stuck on this screen and then closes out without uploading anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rAYbo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rAYbo.png&quot; alt=&quot;Upload box&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any advice would be appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T06:20:21.133" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T06:20:21.133" Title="Selenium File Upload" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;phpunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-06-28T10:39:38.103" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28032" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-27T01:31:08.240" Score="9" ViewCount="5446" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is not a good idea because regression testing is carried out once you complete integration and sanity testing followed by system testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to write an email stating that he is wrong but I want to worded in away so I sound courteous and professional. Please advice as what to write.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25984" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:19:24.607" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T08:06:12.323" Title="My manager wants regression testing in the QA environment - how to communicate against that?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2017-06-30T16:20:52.527" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28032" CreationDate="2017-06-27T01:47:52.900" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I think it is not a good idea because regression testing is carried out once you complete integration and sanity testing followed by system testing.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No, it is not necessarily a bad idea.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should not consider it as a bad idea solely based on the order in which tests are carried out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By definition:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression testing is a type of software testing which verifies that&#xA;software which was previously developed and tested still performs&#xA;correctly after it was changed or interfaced with other software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as regression test provides business value by increasing your confidence towards software quality, it is worth doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consider following scenarios:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Before integration test is carried out, developers put in a fix for a broken feature and want to make sure this feature is working as intended and no other features are negatively affected by this new fix; regression testing is your answer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T06:28:45.023" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T06:28:45.023" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28032" CreationDate="2017-06-27T05:24:14.360" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Very well put by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/13261/yu-zhang&quot;&gt;Yu Zhang&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I just want to add my two cents to cover another aspect of it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if we think that the manager's suggestion is incorrect. Before reacting, it is always good to spend some time to think about the suggestion and come up with all the benefits and drawbacks of following the instruction. Apart from that, we should also discuss our thoughts with friends and colleagues to get their view about the instruction (which you have rightly done by discussing on this forum).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case, even if implementing the suggestion won't be fruitful then we need to be careful about the words that we choose to respond to the manager (or be it anyone).&#xA;At the end of the day,  we need to make sure that everyone is motivated. If our reply demoralizes someone, then that is not good since manager can also make a mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My way: Go for one to one meeting instead of email&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My way to deal with such situations is; to have a one to one (in person) discussion with the Manager. I will generally start sharing my thought about the suggestion in a way as if I want to acquire more knowledge about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I always get positive outcome in such scenarios?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, be courteous when starting such a conversation and don't start as if you are going to discuss a very big issue. Just start as if this is another thing that you want to discuss. I have always got a positive outcome in such a conversation. By positive outcome I mean, sometimes my manager put light on the aspects that I was missing and sometimes I talked about some aspects that he had missed. So, either I convinced him or got convinced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How can such conversation go in the wrong direction?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience of the last 10-12 years, I feel that such issues are easier to resolve if our intent is to get the perspective of another person or share our perspective. Such an issue takes a bad shape when the conversation revolves around &amp;quot;who is wrong?&amp;quot;. Then start the ego issues and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-10-08T08:06:12.323" LastActivityDate="2020-10-08T08:06:12.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28071" CreationDate="2017-06-27T06:54:14.767" Score="4" ViewCount="7133" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my application, there is a drop down to select &quot;Estimation Date&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jGuvC.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jGuvC.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find below my test case. It is failing at the line where I am trying to select &quot;Since&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class dropdown_issue {&#xA;&#xA;    GenericFunctions gf= new GenericFunctions();&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(enabled = true)&#xA;&#xA;    public void dropdown () throws InterruptedException{&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;D:\\Selenium\\BrowserDrivers\\geckodriver.exe&quot;); &#xA;        WebDriver dr=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        dr.get(&quot;http://10.127.129.79:8080/abc&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;user&quot;);&#xA;        dr.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;user&quot;);&#xA;        dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@type='submit']&quot;)).click();&#xA;        WebElement est_date_dd= dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='clearfix']//select[@name='est-date']&quot;));&#xA;        Select est_date= new Select(est_date_dd);&#xA;        est_date.selectByValue(&quot;Since&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        dr.quit();  &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T10:11:05.113" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T10:11:05.113" Title="Using Selenium (Java),Unable to select a particular value from dropdown" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28035" CreationDate="2017-06-27T07:10:49.040" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like you are trying to automate AngularJS website..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From locators perspective, I don't see any problem in the code..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to do the following -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before selecting the drop down, try clicking on dropdown and see the code works or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    WebElement est_date_dd= &#xA;    dr.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='clearfix']//select[@name='est-date']&quot;));&#xA;    est_date_dd.click();    &#xA;    Select est_date= new Select(est_date_dd);&#xA;    est_date.selectByValue(&quot;Since&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if this doesn't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24198" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T07:10:49.040" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28037" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28042" CreationDate="2017-06-27T07:29:23.533" Score="4" ViewCount="16296" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one scenario to automate :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Verify login with valid input&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem Statement&lt;/strong&gt;  : &lt;em&gt;Whenever I run script in IE for second time, Found all previous session are stored as it is . (Not found this same situation in Chrome and in Firefox)&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My configuration :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 10 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium 3.4.0 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;IE 11&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;cap.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS, true);&#xA;cap.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INITIAL_BROWSER_URL, url);&#xA;cap.setCapability(&quot;ignoreProtectedModeSettings&quot;, false);&#xA;cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);&#xA;cap.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;cap.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.REQUIRE_WINDOW_FOCUS, true);&#xA;cap.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.ENABLE_PERSISTENT_HOVERING, false);&#xA;cap.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.ELEMENT_SCROLL_BEHAVIOR, 1);&#xA;cap.setCapability(&quot;cssSelectorsEnabled&quot;, true);&#xA;cap.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.NATIVE_EVENTS, false);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(cap);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to &lt;strong&gt;clear all the history&lt;/strong&gt; which is given in this picture with &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium Webdriver + IE&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; just before starting script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n65wJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/n65wJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note : If is there any other way to avoid it please let me know.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:06:51.730" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:06:51.730" Title="How to clear all history (included all sessions , cache etc) in IE with selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28038" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28031" CreationDate="2017-06-27T08:14:03.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium can not interact with non-browser elements, hence you need to use third party tools. In Windows the simplest would be using AutoIT automation tool with which you can create scripts for windows-based-applications interactions and then execute those scripts from your code.&#xA;There should be something similar for MacOS as well, but you'll have to google that on your own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not giving any examples with AutoIT as on how to implement this because you're using Mac and this implementation is very basic and straightforward. Just giving you a direction on where to do your search from this point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22093" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T08:14:03.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28039" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-27T08:55:48.013" Score="1" ViewCount="760" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was scanning a swift project on my sonar server.And at the end of the scan I got this error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;com.sonarsource.A.A.B.A: No license for swift&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the other .Net and Java projects are working fine. Only the issue is with swift project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sonar.projectKey=VendorCompar-iOS&#xA;sonar.projectVersion=$BUILD_NUMBER&#xA;sonar.projectName=VendorCompar - iOS&#xA;sonar.sources=.&#xA;sonar.verbose=true&#xA;sonar.log.level=TRACE&#xA;#sonar.language=swift&#xA;sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:10:12.180" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T05:18:16.420" Title="com.sonarsource.A.A.B.A: No license for swift Error on sonar" Tags="&lt;sonarqube&gt;&lt;swift&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-06-28T10:42:38.747" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28032" CreationDate="2017-06-27T09:12:27.973" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Advice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Do not communicate your disagreement by email&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Schedule a time to meet with your manager and have the conversation with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Emails do not work well for this sort of communication as it is not clear what the all important 'tone' is and it is also one-way at a time which does not work very well for difficult conversations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The manager may also expect the conversation to be mostly about learning the reasons and rationale why he/she made a given decision as opposed to whether the decision itself is correct or not.  After all you should expect your manager to use their wisdom and experience to guide you.  If the discussion and your questions and any additional information you bring to the conversation reveal an incorrect decision, you can uncover that in the process of that discussion together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T11:17:25.933" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T11:17:25.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28037" CreationDate="2017-06-27T09:12:31.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried setting EnsureCleanSession to true?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;cap.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IE_ENSURE_CLEAN_SESSION, true);&#xA;&#xA;OR&#xA;&#xA;cap.setCapability(&quot;ie.ensureCleanSession&quot;, true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When set to true, this capability clears the cache, cookies, history, and saved form data. When using this capability, be aware that this clears the cache for all running instances of Internet Explorer, including those started manually. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/DesiredCapabilities&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;quoted from SeleniumHQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastEditorUserId="26309" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T10:48:19.340" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T10:48:19.340" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28044" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28049" CreationDate="2017-06-27T10:01:53.690" Score="3" ViewCount="1227" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using JUnit I'm attempting to automate the eBay login. I cannot select the email/username field because field changes id on refresh. Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input size=&quot;40&quot; maxlength=&quot;64&quot; name=&quot;962970435&quot; id=&quot;962970435&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; autocapitalize=&quot;off&quot; autocorrect=&quot;off&quot; placeholder=&quot;Email or username&quot; class=&quot;fld&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26453" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T10:24:58.027" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T19:07:23.680" Title="Unable to locate element as ID changes after refreshing the in Ebay login page" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28002" CreationDate="2017-06-27T10:45:45.693" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;These things happen and possible reasons are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;junior developers &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;senior developers which work out of their domain (take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-driven_design&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enter link description here&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;under estimated project: people are rushing to get things done so they don't regression test new code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;huge code base: developers don't know exactly how to add a feature without breaking something else&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;legacy code base: it might be that the software architecture is not so modern, unit tests are not present, etc. Therefore it's difficult to add new code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your question, the reason might be bullet 3, but obviously it can be something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some options to avoid regressions like the one you are describing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pair_programming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pair programming&lt;/a&gt; so that developers with low experience can be assisted by senior developers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_review&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Code review&lt;/a&gt;. Instead of just adding new lines of code, each changeset is peer reviewed by at least another people, ensuring that mistakes are prevented (not excluded though!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Unit tests&lt;/a&gt; can be written by both developers and testers, depending on how they are structured. The aim is to black box testing of a piece of functionality. This ensures that it matches the actual requirements, but it's hugely helpful to avoid regressions. Indeed, if the tests are run as part of each build, and you accidentally change the behaviour of a piece of software, then a failure in a unit tests will highlight the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;End to end tests: these are helpful when the application interacts with other components (also third party drivers/software), and again it ensures that the behaviour exposed to the customer is well tested. E2E tests are expensive to write (normally), but they save time in manual testing. You need to decide what can be e2e tested and what it's better to just delegate to manual test. Normally if you don't plan to change the functionality in a particular area, manual testing is a choice. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build email: developers should write an email every time they release a new build to testers, highlighting new features, bug fixing, etc. This helps testers to know what has been fixed, what are the new features, etc. It also helps to understand things like bugs rate, velocity of the project, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issue tracker: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bugzilla.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bugzilla&lt;/a&gt; is a good example. It helps to organize software development and testing. In your case, the same bug would have been:&#xA;raised in build 1 --&gt; fixed in build 2 --&gt; verified in build 2 --&gt; reopened in build 3. Again, this tool helps to have an idea of the quality of the software and regressions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests tracker: &lt;a href=&quot;http://testlink.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestLink&lt;/a&gt; is a good example. It allows you to write/run/document manual test cases based on builds. It allows you to generate reports. In your case, you could have generated a report for a specific build stating which tests succeeded and which tests failed. If there's a regression in a further build, that's not your direct problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System test: when the project manager thinks the software is good, the last build can be system-tested instead of functional-tested. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;System test&lt;/a&gt; should highlight different types of issues, for example related to networking or memory leaking, but obviously regressions can be discovered.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project management systems: &lt;a href=&quot;https://trello.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trello&lt;/a&gt; is a good example. It allows project manager, developers and testers to be at the same page. It also helps the project manager to prioritize, measuring velocity, and select what features go in a release and what features go back to backlog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case I think it's worth writing an email to the project manager saying that the regression was found in a build after the same bug was already verified in a previous build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your behaviour also depends and what you contract states, i.e. what the company expects from testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26082" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T10:45:45.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28044" CreationDate="2017-06-27T10:54:23.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If 'ID' of your webElement changes everytime after refreshing the page in this situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First of all look for any other attribute which Is not changing every time In that div node like name, class etc.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1:&lt;/strong&gt; If this div node has class, name attribute then you can write XPath as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@class='fld']&#xA;OR&#xA;//input[@type='text'][@class='fld']&#xA;OR&#xA;//input[@name='962970435']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2:&lt;/strong&gt; You can use the starts-with function. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //input[starts-with(@placeholder,'Email or username')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 3:&lt;/strong&gt; You can use contains function. Same way you can use contains function as given below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //input[contains(@class,'fld')]&#xA; //input[contains(@type,'text')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T13:36:25.687" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:36:25.687" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28032" CreationDate="2017-06-27T11:02:40.017" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per me directly saying No for regression on QA environment is not a good idea. You should ask him/her questions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;why he wants you to do the regression on QA environment specifically?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What he actually means by regression testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did Client or end user found bugs?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Answers to this questions will help you to read your manager's mind and based on that you can do healthy discussion and can put your points that, it is not advisable to do the regression on the QA Environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of arguing you can give some proofs which say it's not worth to execute regression suite on the QA Environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26456" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T11:02:40.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28048" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-27T11:05:40.567" Score="0" ViewCount="11256" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to select a drop&amp;amp;down menu, select an option but I can't do it and I don't know how&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;jqx-menu-popup jqx-menu-popup jqx-menu-popup-officeWFM2&quot; style=&quot;border: medium none; background-color: transparent; z-index: 17000; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: absolute; top: 39.3333px; left: 1086.5px; display: none; visibility: visible; width: 159px; height: 124px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;background-color: transparent; border: none; position:absolute; overflow:hidden; left: 0; top: 0; right: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul id=&quot;jqxWidget60bb7a98&quot; class=&quot;jqx-widget-content jqx-widget-content-officeWFM2 jqx-menu-dropdown jqx-menu-dropdown-officeWFM2 jqx-popup jqx-popup-officeWFM2 jqx-rc-l jqx-rc-l-officeWFM2 jqx-rc-b jqx-rc-b-officeWFM2&quot; role=&quot;menu&quot; style=&quot;overflow: hidden; position: absolute; left: 0px; display: block; top: -119px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;jqx-rtl jqx-rtl-officeWFM2 jqx-item jqx-item-officeWFM2 jqx-menu-item jqx-menu-item-officeWFM2 jqx-rc-all jqx-rc-all-officeWFM2&quot; role=&quot;menuitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; left: 3px; top: -2px;&quot;&amp;gt;Perfiles&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;1&quot; class=&quot;jqx-rtl jqx-rtl-officeWFM2 jqx-item jqx-item-officeWFM2 jqx-menu-item jqx-menu-item-officeWFM2 jqx-rc-all jqx-rc-all-officeWFM2&quot; role=&quot;menuitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; left: 3px; top: -2px;&quot;&amp;gt;Usuarios&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;jqx-rtl jqx-rtl-officeWFM2 jqx-item jqx-item-officeWFM2 jqx-menu-item jqx-menu-item-officeWFM2 jqx-rc-all jqx-rc-all-officeWFM2&quot; role=&quot;menuitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; left: 3px; top: -2px;&quot;&amp;gt;Parámetros&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;3&quot; class=&quot;jqx-rtl jqx-rtl-officeWFM2 jqx-item jqx-item-officeWFM2 jqx-menu-item jqx-menu-item-officeWFM2 jqx-rc-all jqx-rc-all-officeWFM2&quot; role=&quot;menuitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span style=&quot;position: relative; left: 3px; top: -2px;&quot;&amp;gt;Datos entidades&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to select the option, for example, `&quot;Usuarios&quot;':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the code for the menu, but it comes from a click button with this code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;wfm-header-config&quot; class=&quot;header-cell jqx-widget jqx-widget-officeWFM2 jqx-menu jqx-menu-officeWFM2 jqx-rtl jqx-rtl-officeWFM2 jqx-widget-header jqx-widget-header-officeWFM2 jqx-menu-horizontal jqx-menu-horizontal-officeWFM2 jqx-rc-all jqx-rc-all-officeWFM2 dis_jqxMenu&quot; role=&quot;menubar&quot; style=&quot;outline: medium none; height: auto; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; border: medium none;&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;jqx-menu-ul&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;-1&quot; class=&quot;jqx-rtl jqx-rtl-officeWFM2 jqx-item jqx-item-officeWFM2 jqx-menu-item-top jqx-menu-item-top-officeWFM2 jqx-rc-all jqx-rc-all-officeWFM2&quot; style=&quot;float: right; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; padding: 2px;&quot; role=&quot;menuitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;resources/images/ic_settings_24.png&quot; title=&quot;Configuración &quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To understand the code I paste two screenshot from the upper codes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Screenshot from the button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/80Jmx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/80Jmx.png&quot; alt=&quot;Button menu&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Screenshot from next window (popup) for the option selected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jwXgo.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jwXgo.png&quot; alt=&quot;Second window&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry for the possible mistakes but I'm newer on this platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26452" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T06:15:36.610" LastActivityDate="2018-03-25T11:47:02.173" Title="How to handle Javascript dropdown menu in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;code&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28049" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28044" CreationDate="2017-06-27T11:08:58.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following XPath should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@placeholder='Email or username'][@type='text']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastEditorUserId="26309" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T12:29:16.470" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T12:29:16.470" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28051" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-27T11:48:23.437" Score="4" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between delete and block user from a list?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose I am testing a community which has delete and block a user. Both of these options now what should the expected result should be for both of them right now in both cases the user is being deleted/blocked from the community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23846" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T20:07:21.843" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T09:52:59.103" Title="What is the difference between delete and block user from a list?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-08-22T16:00:26.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28051" CreationDate="2017-06-27T12:03:34.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't speak for the specific software you are testing, but generally a blocked user still has some form of information (account details) in the system, they just cannot access the system. A deleted user would have all of their account details removed from the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, it's the difference between &quot;You are not allowed to view this content&quot; and &quot;You do not have an account, would you like to create one?&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24363" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T12:03:34.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28048" CreationDate="2017-06-27T13:04:22.717" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, you need to open up the dropdown menu, then select the desired menu item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The markup is not the easiest to work with because of absence of data-oriented &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; attributes. But, we can approach the problem locating elements by text and &lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// open the menu&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='wfm-header-config']/ul/li[starts-with(span/@title, 'Configuración')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;// select Usuarios from the menu&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class, 'menu-popup')]//li[span = 'Usuarios']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:04:22.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28035" CreationDate="2017-06-27T13:08:44.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The value of the &lt;code&gt;option&lt;/code&gt; is actually &lt;code&gt;string:SINCE&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either use this value or select by visible text:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;est_date.selectByValue(&quot;string:SINCE&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// or est_date.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Since &quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T03:59:39.763" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T03:59:39.763" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28044" CreationDate="2017-06-27T13:33:30.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I prefer css selectors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[placeholder='Email or username'][type=text]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'd prefer to scope to the login form, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;form#SignInForm input[placeholder~='[E|e]mail'][type=text]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may need to scope further with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;form#SignInForm div#pri_signin input[placeholder~='[E|e]mail'][type=text]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T13:33:30.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28027" CreationDate="2017-06-27T14:43:04.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been able to reduce the complexity you describe as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think of code as data, data as code; using collections.  This avoids the use of defining complex paths into a web page. With collections and the proper filtering techniques, we can merely rely on the text we see on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var day = 12;&#xA;var calendar = calenderElement.Click();  //opens the calendar&#xA;//finds the link with the number 12 (in the text) for each link.&#xA;var ele= calendar.FindElements.By.TagName(&quot;a&quot;).Select(i=&amp;gt;i.Text == day).First(); &#xA;ele.Click() //sets the date in the calendar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code style should be available out of the box for C#, Java and Javascript solutions. All three languages support collection querying and FindEements will work from the current IWebElement (if selector isn't global). Using FindElement from the current element allows for fine tuned drill down to what is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the code above is refactored to inject the day we want... Then we have a reusable part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows us to think of a web page in a different manner. All we really need are IDs, Links or CSS as our main retrieval points. From there we use collection filtering and or FindEement(s) from those points, to filter what we want. The best part is that it can be based only on Text that we see, not on hidden attributes etc. However, if we need finer grained searches all attributes can also be filtered in same way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We know that Class selectors will return (most often way too many elements) so let's dial-in a filter based on the text we see using only classNames.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var specificTextWanted = &quot;Something we see&quot;;&#xA;                      //too many elements here               //filtered here&#xA;var theSingleElement = wd.FindElements(By.ClassName(&quot;alpha&quot;).Where(i=&amp;gt;i.text == specificTextWanted).First();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can now bypass complex selectors using text based filtering based on a returned collection.  This works well even for dynamic content but sometimes an stale element reference can be thrown in the Where clause above, it's simple to fix (Try, Catch) and just ignore the element, after all, it's not there any longer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T14:43:04.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28059" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28048" CreationDate="2017-06-27T14:56:56.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's a possible solution in C#.  Note that both Java and Javascript should have this same ability using query filters (for Language Integrated Queries)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wd.FindElements(By.Tagname(&quot;li&quot;).Where(i=&amp;gt;i.text=='Configuración').First().Click;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11086" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T14:56:56.827" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28032" CreationDate="2017-06-27T15:26:22.480" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You sound professional by outlining &lt;strong&gt;specific issues&lt;/strong&gt; you foresee if the testing is carried out as your manager suggests. I could imagine several such issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regression tests require &lt;em&gt;significant effort&lt;/em&gt; to be executed, and this effort will be wasted by running them prior to complete integration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regression tests were designed for a complete software, and running it on a &quot;work in progress&quot; version would trigger too many &lt;em&gt;false positives&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you don't have any regression tests yet, and designing these now would divert the team from tasks which in your opinion should have &lt;em&gt;higher priority&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be other reasons which I couldn't imagine on the spot but these may be valid nevertheless. If you believe they are serious enough, don't hesitate to communicate them to your manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As such, there's nothing wrong with regression testing of incomplete software or individual software modules. If the only counter-argument you have is that such tests are &quot;non-orthodox&quot;, or that they shouldn't be called &quot;regression tests&quot;, I believe you should reconsider your position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11440" LastEditorUserId="11440" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T15:32:13.070" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T15:32:13.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12029" CreationDate="2017-06-27T16:45:40.623" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a horrible bug where selecting an option is not triggering in firefox or phantomjs versions of selenium. I got select working with the following, maybe it will help someone else:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select&#xA;&#xA;def trigger_event(driver, id_, event):&#xA;    js = '''&#xA;    var event = new Event(&quot;%s&quot;);&#xA;    element = document.getElementById(&quot;%s&quot;)&#xA;    element.dispatchEvent(event);&#xA;    return true;&#xA;    ''' % (event, id_)&#xA;&#xA;    assert driver.execute_script(js)&#xA;&#xA;select_id = &quot;SELECT_ID&quot;&#xA;select = driver.find_element_by_id(select_id)&#xA;Select(select).select_by_visible_text(&quot;SELECT_TEXT&quot;)&#xA;trigger_event(driver, select_id, &quot;input&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26445" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T16:45:40.623" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28062" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28063" CreationDate="2017-06-27T17:43:05.323" Score="9" ViewCount="455" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in a big multinational company. There are too many testers in my company whose test cases (i.e. test steps) are unclear &amp;amp; are riddled with grammatical errors. Many of these testers are unfamiliar with basic concepts such as pre-conditions and post-conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I have to run their test cases, I have to spend extra time in trying to understand the intent of the test and then fix the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we ensure that testers mend their ways and produce good quality tests ? Is it okay to bring this to the attention of management ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS - I can understand many accents and broken English pretty well, but many of the errors i see in tests are too hard to comprehend, especially when there is a deadline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastEditorUserId="26467" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T22:37:31.643" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T22:37:31.643" Title="How do I deal with poorly documented tests?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28062" CreationDate="2017-06-27T17:56:22.460" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the things you can do to prevent this situation from happening again:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;establish test code style and guidelines throughout the company or in your particular project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;code review the tests &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;configure code style linters on commit or before/after sending a pull request &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regularly talk and discuss test coding practices with your QA team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;organize &lt;em&gt;workshops&lt;/em&gt; demonstrating how the established coding practices should be applied in practice&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make a &lt;em&gt;checklist&lt;/em&gt; of things to do when creating a test case (both manual or automated)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are things you can do to ease understanding of these poorly documented tests (assuming tests are automated):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;run a linter&lt;/strong&gt; against the tests - you may reveal and fix high-level code style issues and typos. Advanced linters may even highlight &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY principle&lt;/a&gt; violations which may help to catch code blocks that may be extracted as &quot;pre&quot; or &quot;post&quot; conditions or tests that can be parameterized&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;run individual tests with enabled coverage&lt;/strong&gt; to see the lines of actual code that were executed by these tests - this may help in understanding what a test is actually doing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;making tests fail&lt;/strong&gt; - this way you may potentially indicated low-quality tests that are either checking nothing or not what they supposed to check &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;mutation testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; - this is a somewhat less known idea, but it's sole purpose is to control the quality of your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;randomize test execution order&lt;/strong&gt; - this may help in detecting the tests that are coupled, order-dependent&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of manual tests, you may also provide a way to attach a screenshot to a test step/case/suite - sometimes a picture is more than a thousand words.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-27T20:27:16.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T20:27:16.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28051" CreationDate="2017-06-27T18:29:18.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to refer to the design document, each application may have different definitions of &quot;delete&quot; and &quot;block&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: It is not entirely clear whether you are testing from an admin point of view or a client point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a client, I can delete/remove someone from my contact list, you can take a look at LinkedIn's definition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/49/removing-a-connection?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Removing a Connection&lt;/a&gt;, which is similar to delete.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a client, I can block someone too, please look at LinkedIn's definition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/2839&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blocking&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exactly what an admin can do with delete and block is not always public information. In general, an admin has a higher privilege than a user. Again, you must refer to the exact design document for more details.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T18:29:18.030" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-27T19:23:20.653" Score="5" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm maintaining and testing a web-based timekeeping system written in Java. (It's a small IT shop, so I'm the only person working on it.) Employees use the system to enter the hours they've worked, request time off, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Microsoft Test Manager to do some manual testing, but I'd like to automate it. Unfortunately, I'm running into a problem because of testing scenarios like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Employee submits a request for time off on a certain date.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supervisor approves the time off request.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Employee submits the timecard that reflects the absence on that date.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automating this test presents me with 2 problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When I want to repeat the test, entering the same date for the absence will fail validation, because the absence occurred in the past and that timecard has already been submitted. I suspect the best solution is to backup the test database, then restore it before each test. Is there an easier way?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The validation code checks the &lt;strong&gt;current date&lt;/strong&gt; and responds differently depending on when the requested absence is. For example, asking for time off next week is fine. Asking for time off way in the future results in a warning. Asking for time off way in the past is rejected. Is there a good way to handle this?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14921" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T04:19:32.073" Title="How to automate tests where the initial conditions vary?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28065" CreationDate="2017-06-27T19:50:37.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regardless of the method you use to generate your request date, you're going to need to do this somewhat dynamically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simplest method is in the code to test each scenario, you do a call to get the current date, and then add or subtract days from it. You don't really care what precise date gets used in the request so much as that the response is what you expect it to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in your tests I'd suggest something like this: (More or less structured English rather than code or pseudo-code)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestMethod]&#xA;RequestTimeOffInThePast()&#xA;{&#xA;  datetime Past = today().AddDays(-2)&#xA;&#xA;  string Outcome = RequestDayOff(Past)&#xA;&#xA;  Assert.That(Outcome).isRejected&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;RequestTimeOffNextWeek()&#xA;{&#xA;  datetime Soon = today().AddDays(7)&#xA;&#xA;  string Outcome = RequestDayOff(Soon)&#xA;&#xA;  Assert.That(Outcome).isAccepted&#xA;&#xA;} &#xA;&#xA;[TestMethod]&#xA;RequestTimeOffNextWeek()&#xA;{&#xA;  datetime FarFuture = today().AddDays(400)&#xA;&#xA;  string Outcome = RequestDayOff(FarFuture)&#xA;&#xA;  Assert.That(Outcome).isGivenWarning&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've used variations on this method many times in automated tests where I needed to dynamically set or check expiry dates, creation dates, and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T19:50:37.677" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28065" CreationDate="2017-06-27T22:27:44.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tests that need to traverse time to pass are often good cases for using tools that manipulate time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example with ruby and rspec there is the timecop gem that lets you both freeze and move time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll need to set up the users in question of course and as with many other things that will be a 'before' step for each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure if Microsoft Test Manager allows date/time maniplulation as I don't see it from searching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For windows I do see &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/run_as_date.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/run_as_date.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://solution-soft.com/products/time-machine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://solution-soft.com/products/time-machine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-27T22:27:44.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28068" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28069" CreationDate="2017-06-28T01:50:07.910" Score="3" ViewCount="797" Body="&lt;p&gt;A question from a newbie;&#xA;for exercising, I play with a Bestbuy cart, but a popup on the home page &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/f7SLb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/f7SLb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; drives me crazy. Just can't figure what kind of popup is that. Without success tried alert handling and it looks like it is not iframe either. Is there any method to handle a &quot;modal dialog&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26476" LastEditorUserId="26476" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T15:05:29.143" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T15:05:29.143" Title="Popup handling with Selenium on a home page of Bestbuy" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28068" CreationDate="2017-06-28T02:10:13.883" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume you want to close it. You need to &lt;em&gt;wait for the &quot;close&quot; button to be visible and then click it&lt;/em&gt;. Here is what works for me as is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Test {&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.bestbuy.com/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;        // wait for the close button to appear&#xA;        WebElement closeButton = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector(&quot;.email-submission-modal .modal-header button.close&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;        closeButton.click();&#xA;&#xA;        // do smth&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T02:54:35.037" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T02:54:35.037" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28065" CreationDate="2017-06-28T04:19:32.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem 1.&lt;/strong&gt; When I want to repeat the test, entering the same date for the absence will fail validation, because the absence occurred in&#xA;  the past and that timecard has already been submitted. I suspect the&#xA;  best solution is to backup the test database, then restore it before&#xA;  each test. Is there an easier way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suggestion -&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I dont think this would be good option to implement. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We should not reset our DB every time or for every single test. Please avoid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem 2.&lt;/strong&gt; The validation code checks the current date and responds differently depending on when the requested absence is. For&#xA;  example, asking for time off next week is fine. Asking for time off&#xA;  way in the future results in a warning. Asking for time off way in the&#xA;  past is rejected. Is there a good way to handle this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suggestion -&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its good to differentiate scenarios in 3 partition between Past, Today, Future dates requests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can manipulate date easily using different methods of Time class in Java.[Use third party gem/class for other language]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When we are doing any scenario for Past if you file on with one user, Then to repeat same scenarios we are having following options:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use different time stamp with same user&lt;/strong&gt; [If possible]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use different user for each request&lt;/strong&gt; [I am considering you know how to generate new user &amp;amp; unique email ids]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note :&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; As per my knowledge, User can update/add time booking many times in a day. So your functionality should be somewhat identical for market practices. If its not then I will suggest to communicate with you concerns team/lead. We should also understand whether this scenario is correct &amp;amp; can be automated?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T04:19:32.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28035" CreationDate="2017-06-28T04:30:23.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I observe this same behavior. &lt;code&gt;&quot;SelectByValue( )&quot;&lt;/code&gt; doen not working sometime. Below solution worked well for me : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Click on listbox&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once list &amp;amp; options are visible, &lt;strong&gt;Assert/Check visibility for option&lt;/strong&gt; which you want to select preferably by name locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then using &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;perform click on that option&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;amp; it will set the actual value to list box.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For confirmation, again you can &lt;strong&gt;check correct value is selected&lt;/strong&gt; in listbox or not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T04:30:23.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28039" CreationDate="2017-06-28T05:18:16.420" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Swift plugin is a commercial plugin and you need a licence to be able to analyze swift projects : &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sonarsource.com/products/codeanalyzers/sonarswift.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.sonarsource.com/products/codeanalyzers/sonarswift.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26480" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T05:18:16.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7621" CreationDate="2017-06-28T09:28:35.353" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing is not at all an easy task. You need to think all positive and negative scenarios that end user is going to perform with the given product-software. QA is the only person who is responsible for delivering the quality product, later on which will be converted into the brand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So below are the qualities or characteristics each QA guys have to be successful in software testing filed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adaptiveness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creative&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Diplomatic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Negative&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Constant learner &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Out of box thinking&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt; Apart from this, you should have good command on communication skills cause you have to communicate with so many faces. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt; You should know how to prioritize the tasks when you are under heavy load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt; Implement more process and documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&gt; Be objective oriented with open mind set.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a mixture of above things or you are ready to grab such characteristics and want to implement it in your routine then you will be the right QA candidate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26456" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T09:28:35.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26472" CreationDate="2017-06-28T11:35:17.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Java Robot class might help you, though it's also a good candidate to induce flakiness to your test suite. The class itself allows you to move the physical mouse around the screen (so using it on a server with no mouse attached might result in problems) and, of course, has no context to evaluate if the given coordinates are really matching the place you want it to be. Using it via the grid might be problematic, tbh, I have not yet had much experience with distributed environments but if you want to stay in Java I think it might be your only solution since Selenium lives inside your Browsers sandbox and can't (and honestly, shouldn't) act outside of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/Robot.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is the documentation&lt;/a&gt; for javas robot, though like I said, try to keep it as a last solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T06:54:20.873" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T06:54:20.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27978" CreationDate="2017-06-28T12:27:53.733" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;What makes a good selenium selector?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;uses css&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unique&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;robust&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;short&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;descriptive&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given those quality attributes, in practice that translates into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Favor css over xpath for readability&lt;br&gt;&#xA;e.g. favor &quot;&lt;code&gt;form.new_user input.age&lt;/code&gt;&quot; over &quot;&lt;code&gt;//form[@class='new_user']/input[@class='age']&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Favor id's on the last element of a selector&lt;br&gt;&#xA;e.g. &lt;code&gt;form.new_user input#last_name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider adding selector scope elements purely for increased readability and stability&lt;br&gt;&#xA;e.g. the &lt;code&gt;form.new_user&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;form.new_user input.last_name&lt;/code&gt; lets future forms be added &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid using layout elements when possible&lt;br&gt;&#xA;e.g. avoid &lt;code&gt;div section.top_header&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid longer selectors with multiple elements&lt;br&gt;&#xA;e.g. avoid &lt;code&gt;div.details div.users span.user form.new_user input.last_name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Avoid non-english description words when possible&lt;br&gt;&#xA;e.g. avoid &lt;code&gt;form.new_user56 input.lst_nm&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that these are all good practice guidelines, not best practice rules.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;They can be &lt;em&gt;intentionally&lt;/em&gt; broken.  A common example is when using frameworks that define values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:08:40.700" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:08:40.700" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28032" CreationDate="2017-06-28T12:38:51.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As your product matures, the regression test suite will take more and more time to run, but only seldom report failures, so moving it out of the normal development cycle and into automated integration tests makes a lot of sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The responsibility for test automation is with the test team, so the regression tests should be handed over to them, after the developer has verified that the bug is gone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not make sense to run a hours-long test suite of tests verifying that all long-closed bugs remain gone before each commit. Rather, it is sufficient to run the tests associated with the feature group that was modified before commit, and all other tests over night. The one or two times in a year that a nightly build catches a regression (which means that developers should base the next day's work on top of the previous build) cause negligible extra effort compared to extra time spent on each commit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26491" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T12:38:51.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28082" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-28T13:43:35.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Resources:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://electron.atom.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Official site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/atom/electron/blob/master/docs/faq/electron-faq.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FAQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/atom/electron/blob/master/docs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API docs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome-electron&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Other useful resources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T15:04:59.690" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T15:04:59.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28083" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-28T13:43:35.960" Score="0" Body="Electron is a framework created by GitHub that lets you write cross-platform desktop applications using HTML, CSS and JavaScript. Electron is based upon Node.js and Chromium." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T15:05:09.243" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T15:05:09.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27978" CreationDate="2017-06-28T14:13:44.980" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think most answers are pretty good, but I would like to focus a bit on the higher level of these questions and not the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What makes a good Selenium locator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Readability&lt;/strong&gt;: Shorter is better, preferable with a clear unique name/id which describes this unique element on the page. Feel free to change the code like classes/names/id's to make the locator and the test-code very understandable and readable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maintainability&lt;/strong&gt;: The structure of the locator should be so uniquely good that it does not need to be updated if the location of the element in the page changes. Unless the functionality drastically changes you should be able to minimize the updating of locators and or tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In essence a locator should be written and read like the tester and the coder really &lt;strong&gt;cared&lt;/strong&gt; about it. &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code&lt;/a&gt; matters also for page structure and tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What other recommendations are there for locating elements in&#xA;  Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Centralize the locators in your test-code, keep it &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY&lt;/a&gt;. PageObjects may help.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work together with developers to create good locators! Change your process so this is possible. Good tip is to pair-program on the tests with developers if you are a separate QA person, you both could learn something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T14:13:44.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28086" CreationDate="2017-06-28T14:33:38.697" Score="0" ViewCount="1734" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm getting the error message below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Building in workspace C:\Program Files (x86)\Jenkins\workspace\Motor Trade&#xA;[Motor Trade] $ sh -xe C:\Windows\TEMP\jenkins8268766883038519599.sh&#xA;The system cannot find the file specified&#xA;FATAL: command execution failed&#xA;java.io.IOException: CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified&#xA;    at java.lang.ProcessImpl.create(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.lang.ProcessImpl.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(Unknown Source)&#xA;Caused: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program &quot;sh&quot; (in directory &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Jenkins\workspace\Motor Trade&quot;): CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified&#xA;    at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at hudson.Proc$LocalProc.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Proc.java:249)&#xA;    at hudson.Proc$LocalProc.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(Proc.java:218)&#xA;    at hudson.Launcher$LocalLauncher.launch(Launcher.java:930)&#xA;    at hudson.Launcher$ProcStarter.start(Launcher.java:450)&#xA;    at hudson.tasks.CommandInterpreter.perform(CommandInterpreter.java:109)&#xA;    at hudson.tasks.CommandInterpreter.perform(CommandInterpreter.java:66)&#xA;    at hudson.tasks.BuildStepMonitor$1.perform(BuildStepMonitor.java:20)&#xA;    at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.perform(AbstractBuild.java:730)&#xA;    at hudson.model.Build$BuildExecution.build(Build.java:206)&#xA;    at hudson.model.Build$BuildExecution.doRun(Build.java:163)&#xA;    at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.run(AbstractBuild.java:490)&#xA;    at hudson.model.Run.execute(Run.java:1735)&#xA;    at hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild.run(FreeStyleBuild.java:43)&#xA;    at hudson.model.ResourceController.execute(ResourceController.java:97)&#xA;    at hudson.model.Executor.run(Executor.java:415)&#xA;Build step 'Execute shell' marked build as failure&#xA;ERROR: Step ‘Publish Cucumber test result report’ failed: No test reports that matches features/reports.json found. Configuration error?&#xA;Finished: FAILURE&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have specified the folder like this in the Build - Execute Shell:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pwd&#xA;cd C:/GitProjects/&quot;motortrade_customisable&quot;/features&#xA;pwd&#xA;bundle exec cucumber features/all_pages.feature&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26333" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T14:57:30.350" Title="How to connect Jenkins to my test folder saved on my C drive?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28085" CreationDate="2017-06-28T14:57:30.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the top of the project configuration page click on advance,There you will find a text box named &quot;Use custom workspace&quot;.&#xA;Add your project path to the &quot;Use custom workspace&quot;.&#xA;Then at the sonar property set &lt;code&gt;sonar.sources=.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T14:57:30.350" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28092" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12851" CreationDate="2017-06-28T16:58:04.413" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;AutoIT code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ControlFocus(&quot;File Upload&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Edit1&quot;);&#xA;ControlSetText(&quot;File Upload&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Edit1&quot;,&quot;E:\test.txt&quot;);&#xA;ControlClick(&quot;File Upload&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;Button1&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;C:\\Users\\sudhir\\Desktop\\sssss.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25379" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T00:25:13.830" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T00:25:13.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28093" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29269" CreationDate="2017-06-28T16:58:18.053" Score="12" ViewCount="352" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand the importance of having good &quot;regression tests&quot; to ensure fixed bugs don't get reintroduced. But I think it's possible to go too far and end up with a massive &quot;regression test suite&quot; for every bug you've fixed, every feature that's been changed, even every feature that's been removed...you get the idea. &lt;strong&gt;Are there any heuristics or techniques for identifying when a test belongs in the long-term regression suite, versus when it would be better to write a &quot;one-time&quot; or &quot;throwaway&quot; test that is run for the next release, and then discarded?&lt;/strong&gt; Ideally, we would like to identify this &lt;strong&gt;at the time we are authoring them&lt;/strong&gt;, though tips for identifying what to prune out over time are helpful as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main concern is minimizing the time required to test each release. &lt;strong&gt;We have a large legacy codebase that uses old technology that isn't very conducive to automated testing, which means much of our regression testing is manual.&lt;/strong&gt; We don't want to keep growing our manual testing burden for each release with tests that aren't adding long-term value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We're also in a regulated environment, so we do need some way of documenting what we tested&lt;/strong&gt;, and I think there's value in designing a good test when you change something rather than just doing ad hoc testing, but some things, realistically, aren't going to suddenly break two years down the road if we demonstrate, now, that they are fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some examples that my &quot;gut&quot; says are only useful for the first release that includes them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changing the shape of a graphical control display and ensuring all the places that show such a display use the new shape (i.e. we didn't repeat ourselves and duplicate the code for the display--this is an example from our legacy codebase, where we often found copy-pasted code and other repetition).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For a software product that controls hardware, we removed support for some add-on devices that the hardware supported, where such devices are stored in a database. We tested that upgrading the database from the version that supported the devices to the version that no longer supported them behaved appropriately, and that the devices were no longer present in the new version.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fixing an &quot;obvious&quot; bug where a dialog didn't clean up properly when canceling, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To ask the same question in the other direction:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do you keep a manual regression suite from &quot;ballooning&quot; out of control over time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2019-04-02T12:31:49.090" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T12:31:49.090" Title="Heuristics for identifying &quot;one-time&quot; tests?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28093" CreationDate="2017-06-28T17:17:41.450" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some considerations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set a time limit, when the suite reaches it, reduce suite size until it is under the limit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set up the manual test to mock and stub whenever possible and suitable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tag tests and perform subsets such as happy and smoke&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;big picture view.  1 test may fail rarely, as in 1 in 1000.  With 1000 tests, prob = 1:1  ok?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T17:17:41.450" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28095" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28096" CreationDate="2017-06-28T19:26:56.400" Score="1" ViewCount="5592" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gYcKL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gYcKL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I am trying to click on a tab - a rather simple task.But, I get the error message above. I have added a thread.sleep command - in case it is due to synchronization issues. Your help is highly appreciated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;using System.Globalization;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace CV_Lib_Do_Not_Use&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;            //Go to CV Library Website&#xA;            var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.cv-library.co.uk/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Wait for web element to become visible&#xA;            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(15000);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Search Jobs tab&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='header-nav-new']/div/div[2]/ul/li[2]/a&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have checked previous errors from: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/7313/selenium-webdriver-unable-to-locate-element-xpath-error&quot;&gt;Selenium webdriver - Unable to locate element,xpath,error&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6016/selenium-webdriver-unable-to-locate-element-error&quot;&gt;Selenium Webdriver | Unable to locate element error&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solutions were not helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="21701" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T20:39:56.923" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T20:39:56.923" Title="Error - An unhandled exception of type 'OpenQA.Selenium.NoSuchElementException' occurred in WebDriver.dll: Unable to locate element" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28095" CreationDate="2017-06-28T19:35:02.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There are no elements matching the XPath expression.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is actually a much simpler way to locate the &quot;Search Jobs&quot; link - by &quot;id&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;header-link-searchjobs&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that, instead of &lt;code&gt;Sleep()&lt;/code&gt; call, you should use an &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/7312740/771848&quot;&gt;Explicit Wait&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var wait = WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10))&#xA;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists((By.Id(&quot;header-link-searchjobs&quot;))).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T19:35:02.430" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27990" CreationDate="2017-06-28T20:00:43.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After many try , i solved my problem with using hover action and JavascriptExecutor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;    WebElement fiyataGore = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#sort-list &amp;gt; li:nth-child(1)&quot;));&#xA;    WebElement ilgiyeGore = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#sort-list &amp;gt; li.active&quot;));&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].className='active'&quot;,fiyataGore);&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].className=''&quot;,ilgiyeGore);&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, fiyataGore);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18833" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T20:00:43.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28093" CreationDate="2017-06-28T20:26:13.953" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems that question was substantially edited since I wrote my answer. OP now says they have huge suite of manual tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One rule of thumb I read somewhere was to consider discarding any test which did not detected a bug in a year. Discard it if the issue is not critical, keep it if detected issue is critical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to run test only once, I do not see a point to automate it. Just do it manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you run test multiple times, why you fell you need to discard it? CPU time is cheap. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only discard it when requirements changed and it is not worth fixing to accommodate  changed requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code&lt;/strong&gt; (including automated tests)  &lt;strong&gt;is like a tattoo: it will stick on you for a LONG time.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to perform some test just few times, strongly consider NOT automating it 100%: prepare test document which &lt;em&gt;sapient human&lt;/em&gt; can follow. Only consider automating parts which will be repeated many (dozens and hundreds) of times. Or where exact steps and timing is crucial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T21:34:53.837" LastActivityDate="2017-06-28T21:34:53.837" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28099" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28224" CreationDate="2017-06-28T21:14:21.710" Score="0" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure if this is the correct area to ask this, but I've recently got to do a little performance testing in work using the likes of JMETER.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I primarily focus on automation/security/manual but I've really got an urge to get into performance, how do I get to where I need to be to be employed in that space?  I have grasped it quite well to date, doing a few sprints and cutting down performance across our web application noticeably, but a lot of it is still relatively confusing to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is a proactive plan for achieving this goal? I'm thinking some books is a good place to start but it seems to be an area relatively lacking in books/documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-06-28T21:20:28.613" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T04:53:17.617" Title="How do I enter the performance testing space when I don't get much commercial experience in work?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28103" CreationDate="2017-06-28T22:49:07.790" Score="1" ViewCount="884" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to select an item from a drop down list. I have put the code in the section below. My research has not been conclusive though:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5278281/how-to-select-an-option-from-drop-down-using-selenium-webdriver-c&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5278281/how-to-select-an-option-from-drop-down-using-selenium-webdriver-c&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5471515/select-a-value-from-drop-down-using-selenium-webdriver-c-sharp&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5471515/select-a-value-from-drop-down-using-selenium-webdriver-c-sharp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15535069/select-each-option-in-a-drop-down-using-selenium-webdriver-c-sharp&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15535069/select-each-option-in-a-drop-down-using-selenium-webdriver-c-sharp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;using System.Globalization;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace CV_Lib_Do_Not_Use&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;            //Go to CV Library Website&#xA;            var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.cv-library.co.uk/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Wait for web element to become visible&#xA;            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(15000);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Search Jobs tab&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;header-link-searchjobs&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Use the 'Keywords / Job Title / Job Ref' search field to search for a Test Analyst position &#xA;            var position = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='searchjobs_form']/div[1]/div[1]/input&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            //Type Test Analyst in the search box&#xA;            position.SendKeys(&quot;Test Analyst&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Use the 'Keywords / Job Title / Job Ref' search field to search for a Test Analyst position &#xA;            var location = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='location']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            //Type Manchester in the search box&#xA;            location.SendKeys(&quot;Manchester&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            //Identify xpath for distance from desired location &#xA;            var distance = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='distance_adv']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on 10 miles from the drop-down&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='distance_adv']/option[6]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T00:24:25.327" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T00:24:25.327" Title="Selecting An Item From A Drop Down List" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28102" CreationDate="2017-06-29T00:21:41.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can/should utilize the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/5296364/771848&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;SelectElement&lt;/code&gt; class&lt;/a&gt; which conveniently abstracts away the &quot;select-option&quot; HTML blocks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var distance = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;distance_adv&quot;));&#xA;var selectDistance = new SelectElement(distance);&#xA;&#xA;selectDistance.SelectByText(&quot;10 miles&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T00:21:41.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28104" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-29T01:33:57.883" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;A client has native single page applications, apparently written in Clojure running on ios and android.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm used to writing user-acceptance testing with Selenium and the ruby bindings present in capybara through the rspec framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What automated ui testing tools can I use against these native apps ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T01:39:00.510" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T01:39:00.510" Title="What test frameworks can I use against a SPA based mobile application?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28105" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28236" CreationDate="2017-06-29T02:11:06.330" Score="6" ViewCount="1655" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not very long time ago, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; itself migrated to TypeScript internally. I've also heard and seen several Protractor test projects moving to TypeScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a rather big and growing test codebase (about 22000 lines of JS code and 300 tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What benefits we might get if we switch to TypeScript? Is the migration work worth the cost? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T02:36:34.387" LastActivityDate="2018-11-06T00:28:03.030" Title="Switching from JavaScript to TypeScript for Protractor e2e tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;&lt;typescript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28107" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28108" CreationDate="2017-06-29T06:53:27.783" Score="1" ViewCount="14710" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get the error message when I try to select an item from a menu in a webpage. In the code below, I used the Id of the element. When I tried using the XPath instead of the Id, I got a similar error messsage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the error in full: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An unhandled exception of type 'OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI.UnexpectedTagNameException' occurred in WebDriver.Support.dll&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Additional information: Element should have been select but was div&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;        //Select &quot;Perday&quot; for Salary Type   &#xA;        var salType = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;adv-search-mobile&quot;));&#xA;        var selectSalType = new SelectElement(salType);&#xA;&#xA;        selectSalType.SelectByText(&quot;Per day&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select class=&quot;adv-search-select sal-type-select&quot; name=&quot;salarytype&quot; tabindex=&quot;6&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;annum&quot;&amp;gt;Per annum&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;month&quot;&amp;gt;Per month&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;week&quot;&amp;gt;Per week&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;day&quot;&amp;gt;Per day&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;option value=&quot;hour&quot;&amp;gt;Per hour&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt; &#xA; &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T02:08:03.030" LastActivityDate="2018-01-29T12:38:59.210" Title="Error -Element should have been select but was div" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28107" CreationDate="2017-06-29T07:05:30.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error message is just what it says.&#xA;The element on your page with ID &lt;code&gt;adv-search-mobile&lt;/code&gt; has a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to update your locator to get the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element (within that &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. A &lt;code&gt;SelectElement&lt;/code&gt; object can only be created from a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need more help, you can post your HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;If the &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; of your dropdown is unique, you might try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var salType = driver.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;salarytype&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T07:12:43.240" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T07:12:43.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28109" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-29T07:25:02.383" Score="0" ViewCount="1642" Body="&lt;p&gt;having issue just trying to automate for the first time.  I have access to repositories by GIT, where its python folders all use Python 2.7 syntax.  I also have Google chrome driver as well(Using ubuntu).  When I attempt to automate, I just get error, regarding python 2.7.  Unsure if thats the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So a friend of mine gave me a python code, that would use google chrome driver to test if I can automate with the python code that is scripted for use once executed.  Using the command terminal, I get the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;autotimesheet.py&quot;, line 254, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;    processPDCI(res)&#xA;File &quot;autotimesheet.py&quot;, line 85, in processPDCI&#xA;    driver = webdriver.Chrome('/home/myname/ChromeDriver')&#xA;File &quot;/home/myname/.local/lib/python2.7/site-&#xA;       packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py&quot;, line 62, in __init__&#xA;self.service.start()&#xA;File &quot;/home/myName/.local/lib/python2.7/site-&#xA;       packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py&quot;, line 86, in start&#xA;os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)&#xA;selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'ChromeDriver' &#xA;executable may have wrong permissions. Please see &#xA;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/home&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So unsure how to solve it. Friend is also stumped, and suggested to ask online.  I have use pip install selenium &amp;amp; pip install nose for set up.  So any guidance/help would be appreciated.  I will troubleshoot for a while to see if I can fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26513" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T18:09:38.027" Title="Issue executing Automation with Selenium/Nosetest set ups" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;ubuntu&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28110" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-29T08:37:23.333" Score="16" ViewCount="2994" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having a recurring problem where bugs are cropping up once or twice in a build, and are reported by users but I and my team are not able to replicate them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What techniques do you use to replicate bugs that are hard to replicate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using Sentry which picks up exceptions but not glitches, which are the most frustrating bugs to solve since they appear once and reappear infrequently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26514" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T18:53:39.070" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T18:53:39.070" Title="How can I isolate bugs of users that we are not able to replicate?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;debugging&gt;&lt;good-practices&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28111" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28110" CreationDate="2017-06-29T09:20:45.697" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Analyse from different perspectives to find the exact &lt;em&gt;cause&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am assuming that you are trying to debug the issue in the same environment where it was reported.&#xA;Few things that should be considered while reproducing the issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pile on more logs:&lt;/strong&gt; Try to capture as much as you can. This is the first thing you can rely on to get some valuable input on such issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Check the data-related dependencies:&lt;/strong&gt; Sometimes data is a major contributor in such issues. So, a good approach is to connect to the same database where the issue was reported or create a replica and try to replicate the issue. But, all in all, data aspect should not be ignored.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multi-threaded environment:&lt;/strong&gt; There are chances that multiple threads update the application data. These can be the cause of unexpected application behavior occasionally.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Request more detailed steps from the users reporting the issues:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There may be some action that the user might find un-related to the issue and don't report, but such action might be import for analysis. Apart form this, you should also ask for data that the users are using for testing (if you have not done already). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try to determine all queries/events that took place during that period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I know, it is just like being a sniper and waiting for the issues to re-occur and quite frustrating sometimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T11:01:50.277" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T11:01:50.277" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28110" CreationDate="2017-06-29T09:39:53.940" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;intermittent failures&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to the crowd.  In my experience they are the norm and the bane of Quality Engineering.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So first off - accept that and start making resources available for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some techniques that you can use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allow sufficient resources.  Be prepared to need to take days/weeks to fix intermittent failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Collect examples.  Some intermittent failures don't reveal patterns until I see dozens of them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run a test locally multiple times.  At least 100, if not 1000 times.  Look for  patterns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the test setups.  Test should not be sharing any data, even reference data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For tests, use implicit wait for elements not explicit waits (sleeps)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use and enhance logs to show more info for specific incidents&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run a test 100 or 1000 times on your ci server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Useful information for investigations that I have collected over time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User type&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of ajax&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time of day&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screen size&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser version&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of javascript&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequency over time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Various resource ids&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Function being performed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Relation to release pushes / reboots&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T11:38:28.237" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T11:38:28.237" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-29T10:38:36.753" Score="4" ViewCount="353" Body="&lt;p&gt;The app uses a javascript framework to update the single page.  Ajax is used for data updates&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How I can automate user acceptance testing for it?  Usually I use selenium through through the capybara DCL vis rspec.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would that work for a single page app?  I am already familiar with and use  several implicit 'wait for element to appear' strategies.  Will these strategies still work ok for a javascript and ajax based application ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The automated javascript &lt;em&gt;unit&lt;/em&gt; testing will be done within the javascript framework which could be angular, ember or vue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2018-09-18T02:01:06.920" Title="What to use for user acceptance testing for a single page application?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;ember&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28114" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-29T11:08:25.963" Score="1" ViewCount="673" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a remote machine where Selenium Grid is configured - I integrated an AutoIT script with Selenium script to upload a file, but the browser window is not being identified by AutoIT. However, the same AutoIT script is identifying the browser window in my local machine when the selenium script is run from my local machine (without grid). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any workarounds or suggestions to make it work on a remote machine with Selenium Grid, please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26520" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T12:12:44.580" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T13:21:50.670" Title="How to make AutoIt script identify browse window when run in remote machine with Selenium grid?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;grid&gt;&lt;autoit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28114" CreationDate="2017-06-29T13:16:27.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume that the remote machine is locked, and thus AutoIT can not work. It works on your desktop because it is not locked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution: Keep the desktop unlocked (no screensaver etc). Of course, this reduces the security as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possible other solution: Instead of AutoIT, use Kantu for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/docs#fileupload&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;file uploads&lt;/a&gt;. Kantu works inside Chromium, and runs fine on locked system and/or &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/docs#headless&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;headless&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26503" LastEditorUserId="26503" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T13:21:50.670" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T13:21:50.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28117" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-29T14:15:32.607" Score="0" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a most common injection file (shell) to import my software to check if it is open to these kind of attacks or not. Any recommendation, web sites or blogs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(summary: i will upload this file to my system and it will do some changes in the system) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19633" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T20:58:06.067" Title="Security test for .net desktop application: upload a file (shell) to check how software behaves" Tags="&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;&lt;security&gt;&lt;.net&gt;&lt;sql-injection&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28110" CreationDate="2017-06-29T14:31:59.083" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from the technological aspects, you might need to consider organizational aspects as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will, most likely, have a ticket (a bug report) which remains open/assigned (unresolved) for quite a long time (like several months). In some organizations, this may make you look like a bad performer. In such a case, find a suitable solution with your boss or your bosses' boss to ensure that the &quot;Official KPIs&quot; don't go south. It could be a new status in the ticketing system, like &quot;under long-term investigation&quot;, which stops the timers/KPI counters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instruct your users that they have to report this bug every time it occurs (or at least once a day, if it occurs more often). This does not need to be the usual detailed bug report, but just a confirmation that the bug is still there. It might happen that the bug disappears at some point in time after some software release which fixes a totally different bug. And you wouldn't know. Or someone could decide that &quot;we have released 10 major versions in the meantime, this bug must have been fixed already&quot; and closes it despite it not being fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And give feedback to your users that you still on the issue, even though you haven't nailed it down yet. Tell then that you appreciate their continued support (and possibly understanding) regarding this issue. Make sure that they consider themselves an important part of the road to the solution, not a nuisance, and that they are taken seriously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Review your &quot;unsolvable tickets&quot; regularly, so that the issues stay in the back of your mind. It might happen that you come across some piece of code three or six months later, when you are suddenly struck with enlightenment and you suddenly see the obscure side-effect which could trigger such a bug under some obscure and dubious conditions. Obviously, you won't be contentiously hunting for some single bug for weeks or months, but mostly do other work. This keeps you from getting too frustrated. And you view the issue from some different angle after a few weeks of successful and rewarding work on something different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discuss the bug with your colleagues and maybe you boss or your user's boss. You colleagues might have some ideas, or stumble across some piece of code three or six months later...you get the idea. The bosses might offer organizational help, like raising user awareness, or even allowing you to capture all network traffic for days or weeks (plus mustering the help from the IT infrastructure department or whatever is needed), or installing monitoring software on the user workstations. Or get the database guys into the boat so they can monitor machine load levels, deadlocks, data corruption (yup), slow queries and such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also check you deployment and build processes (aka Configuration Management). Sometimes bugs are introduced by non-reproducible builds (two builds of the same software version yield different behavior - this can, for example, happen if a build has many manual steps, or builds happen on different machines). Other bugs are caused by some weird side-effect of some other software on the workstations or the servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24659" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T14:31:59.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28110" CreationDate="2017-06-29T14:47:07.997" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;How to Investigate Intermittent Problems&quot; by James Bach&lt;/a&gt; provides a very thorough treatment of the subject. Here's an outline of his 92 suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;If the bug exists, it has a cause:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Possibility 1: The system is NOT behaving differently. The apparent intermittence is an &lt;strong&gt;artifact of the observation&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Possibility 2: The system behaved differently because it was a &lt;strong&gt;different system&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Possibility 3: The system behaved differently because it was in a &lt;strong&gt;different state&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Possibility 4: The system behaved differently because it was given &lt;strong&gt;different input&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Possibility 5: The other possibilities are magnified because your &lt;strong&gt;mental model of the system and what influences it is incorrect or incomplete&lt;/strong&gt; in some important way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take a look at the linked blog for suggestions for each type of cause. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;It's unpredictable because there is something you don't understand&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer (and others) list different factors that have been known to create unexpected or apparently unpredictable behavior in software. The software itself can't create non-deterministic random output, full stop. But, it has a lot of inputs, many which are implicit - like the execution time of a thread, network latency, the date and time, is it a leap year, etc.. - which can produce non-deterministic random output. If your software's output is a function of these random inputs, then its output may also be random. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any test must leave some number of inputs implicit (for practical reasons like time available to write the tests, maintenance concerns, technical limitations). It would be silly to specify the execution time for a function as the input to every test you run (would that ever complicate the test setup!!). But, if controlling/varying the explicit/known inputs can't reproduce the issue, find some implicit/unknown inputs and control/vary those.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue then becomes understanding which implicit/unknown inputs affect the behavior:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What we typically call an intermittent problem is: &lt;em&gt;a mysterious and undesirable behavior of a system, observed at least once, that we cannot yet manifest on demand.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Our challenge is to transform the intermittent bug into a regular bug by resolving the mystery surrounding it. After that it’s the programmer’s headache&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your task is to identify what conditions cause that behavior. The linked blog and other answers here give a long list of possible issues. Identify a few that seem likely, and investigate them. Repeat until you can reproduce the bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Note: I make this point about James Bach's possibilities #1, #2, and #3, and am loosely defining &quot;input&quot; to include the state and the system itself. If you're stuck on that, replace &quot;input&quot; with &quot;input, state, or system characteristics&quot; when you read what I just wrote. &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Perform a binary search on the problem space&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When selecting factors to control/vary, choose the ones that give the most bang for your buck by bisecting the problem space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example:&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;If your notification emails are intermittently not being received, and you've identified a short list of possible factors as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your domain has been blacklisted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there is an issue with a certain mail provider&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;certain code paths aren't triggering notifications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;spam filters are preventing the mail to go through&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the user didn't actually take the action that will trigger that notification&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To perform a &quot;binary search&quot;, you want to do a test that will eliminate the most possible factors at once. In this case maybe that is logging the attempts to send emails. If there is no attempt to send missing emails, then it must be factor 3, 5, or 6. If logging indicates that the missing emails are attempted to be sent, then it must be factor 1, 2, 4, or 6. Repeat with the new problem space. If you find that it's factor 6, generate a new list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The counter-example is taking &quot;shots in the dark&quot; until you hit it. Example: set up a test that will send notifications to an account from each of the major email providers. If one of them cannot receive notifications, then it must be factor 2 (or maybe factor 4 if it's a spam filter issue with only one provider). Otherwise, it is factor 1, 3, 4, 5, or 6. If you're lucky, this one will take less time. If you're unlucky, much longer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you think that your list of known factors (in this example: items 1-5) are less than or equal to the number of unknown factors (in this example: item 6) then a proper first bisection is a test that determines if any of the known factors apply, or if none of them do (in which case you need to make a new list). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;TLDR&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make a short list of things that might cause it&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;consult the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;linked article&lt;/a&gt;, other answers, google, coworkers, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Stuck? Remember: it's not dark magic, it's just something you don't understand yet. See step #1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform a test that will eliminate half of that list (think: binary search). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat as needed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26529" LastEditorUserId="26529" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T20:42:01.213" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T20:42:01.213" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28122" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28110" CreationDate="2017-06-29T16:26:40.627" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is what I instruction my developers to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) add logging; allow the user to select advanced logging.  If turning on logging &quot;solves&quot; the problem then it is a timing issue.  We add logging to the location in the code that we suspect is involved in the problem the user is seeing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) have user take a video of what they are doing when the problem occurs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Run some kind of code analysis tool and resolve issue.  There are tools available depending on your language that will analyze the code and give warnings.  Resolve as many as you can.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding running a video:&#xA;I had a problem with an iOS app.  The user gave me very detailed instructions on how to reproduce the problem.  We got the exact model of iPad and exact iOS and could not reproduce the problem.  We asked for a video (they used a different phone to video her using the app).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The user was a very experienced 10 key operator.  She hovered her hand over the ipad and would use all five fingers to press the buttons.  She was EXTREMELY fast.  From that we knew immediately that it was a timing issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26533" LastEditorUserId="26533" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T21:16:41.927" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T21:16:41.927" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28109" CreationDate="2017-06-29T16:28:11.803" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When your Python Selenium bindings locate the &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt; executable and try to execute it, they are unable to do so because of an issue with permissions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most likely, your &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt; executable is missing &quot;execute&quot; permissions, add them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo chmod +x `which chromedriver`&#xA;# or sudo chmod +x /path/to/chromedriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T16:28:11.803" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28125" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28109" CreationDate="2017-06-29T18:09:38.027" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to update. I was able to automate the script.  Here was the only step I did:  In the autotimesheet.py, I change the line of code of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Chrome('/home/myname/ChromeDriver/)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = webdriver.Chrome('/home/myname/ChromeDriver/chromedriver')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where the last part is the executable file.  So it opened up chrome and started to automate. I also did the chmod +x chromedriver command that showed that I am able to use it. Now that I know this can automate, have to fix the issue with the repositories part. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being able to fix the automation python script issue, I have to tackle the last issue.  I will still follow the comments, and will troubleshoot.  My error for this issue is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ERROR: tests.test_to_run.TestsToRun.test_run_this_test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;/home/myName/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nose/case.py&quot;, line 197, in runTest&#xA;self.test(*self.arg)&#xA;File &#xA;&quot;/home/myname/Automation/pdci_keyword/python/tests/test_to_run.py&quot;, &#xA;line 25, in test_run_this_test&#xA;self.test_controller.insert_steps_from_script_into_list_array()&#xA; File &#xA; &quot;/home/myName/Automation/pdci_keyword/python/lib/&#xA;web_interface/test_controller.py&quot;, line 337, in &#xA;insert_steps_from_script_into_list_array&#xA;self.process_msg_insert(data)&#xA; File &#xA;&quot;/home/myName/Automation/pdci_keyword/python/lib/web_interface/&#xA;test_controller.py&quot;, line 200, in process_msg_insert&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that is what i'm working on.  I will update hours later.  But thanks alecxe for comment suggestion!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26513" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T18:09:38.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28126" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28128" CreationDate="2017-06-29T18:19:56.933" Score="25" ViewCount="9652" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know the best bet in this situation is for the testers to go through the process of reporting blocking-type problems initially show up, with the focus being on critical bugs. Since, this type of problem can high severely affect on schedules and indicates deeper problems in the software development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This situation will occur due to insufficient unit testing or insufficient integration testing, poor design, improper build or release procedures, etc. These are the major reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the other steps which we have to follow as a QA if the software is so buggy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-20T19:27:25.883" LastActivityDate="2020-12-23T13:41:27.347" Title="What if the software is so buggy it can't really be tested at all?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="10" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28126" CreationDate="2017-06-29T18:34:53.510" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ideally, suspend the testing. And it's time to refer the Test Plan document.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the time when one should look at the &lt;strong&gt;Testing suspension and resumption criteria&lt;/strong&gt; section in the &lt;strong&gt;Test Plan&lt;/strong&gt; document.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can refer to the following three points that are generally mentioned under testing suspension criteria and this scenario looks like falling under point 1 and/or 2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A bug is found which requires fixing before further testing is possible, or which renders further test cases obsolete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The developed software is not functioning well enough for the tests to be meaningful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Problems arise with test environment or access and/or setup is incomplete and not available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned, the software can't really be tested because of critical bugs. So, the testing team should raise a red flag along with data (a list of well organized bugs found so far) in order to present their case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And testing should be resumed once the conditions for the resumption criteria have met:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resumption Criteria - Testing can be resumed only when&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Situation due to which testing was suspended has improved and it is feasible to go ahead with the testing activities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T18:50:10.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28126" CreationDate="2017-06-29T18:42:42.100" Score="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;Continue testing in this situation would be &lt;strong&gt;counter-productive&lt;/strong&gt; and may lead to a &quot;deadlock&quot; - when the reported issues would depend on each other recursively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make sure the management is aware of the situation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sit down with the development team - determine the most critical and problematic areas and the step-by-step process to &lt;em&gt;get out of the testing &quot;deadlock&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;follow the improved/fixed areas of the software in the &quot;breadth-first&quot; manner - from most critical to less critical&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do the &lt;strong&gt;root-cause analysis&lt;/strong&gt; - what led to this kind of situation, what can be improved to not let this happen again - was it a design/architecture issue, poor-documented software requirements, lack of different types of testing, communication issues etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-29T18:48:34.340" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T18:48:34.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28126" CreationDate="2017-06-29T18:48:24.697" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;What are the other steps which we have to follow as a QA if the software is so buggy?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question reminded me of an interview question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;During one software security interview, one candidate was asked: &quot;How would you fix a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-day_(computing)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;zero-day&lt;/a&gt; security bug?&quot; This candidate replied, &quot;I would start from fixing 100-day bugs.&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;100-day bugs is a made up term for older security bug comparing to zero-day bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a piece of software has accumulated too many bugs, it is almost certain that some bugs are more fundamental than the rest, e.g. some bugs have results of other bugs. In other words, mistakes made earlier lead to more mistakes later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from Aalok and alecxe have stated, is it possible for you to categorize the bugs so that you can start from the ones that most likely to have compounding effect? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fixing them first and you may notice other bugs will be fixed in the process as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T18:48:24.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28130" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28131" CreationDate="2017-06-29T19:09:30.173" Score="3" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a web page which is supposed to display current month's sales of five types of items. One bug report says that a server error message is displayed on this page and the sales report is not displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To deal with this bug, a new test case was made to check if there is no server error message on that page. Nothing else is verified in that test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does not make sense to me because the bug's test case does not tell me which scenario replicates the problem. If we don't know the scenario that caused the bug, then how can we (confidently) claim to have fixed it &amp;amp; verified that it does not occur anymore ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know if I am missing something here. Are there any circumstances where its okay to test for absence of exceptions or error messages in an application ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastEditorUserId="26467" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T23:28:16.900" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T23:28:16.900" Title="Is it okay to test the absence of exceptions or error messages in an application?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28130" CreationDate="2017-06-29T19:17:12.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it has shown up in the UI in production and must be prevented then a UI test case is appropriate&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I would look beyond that at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there unit test(s) for that functionality ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there integration tests for that functionality ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the test case include a positive assertion?  Negative onlys are fooled by 404s, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the reason the the failure?  One time configuration or just a program change for a feature, bug etc. ?  I can break many things with incorrect or unreal configurations, but that doesn't mean I need user acceptance tests for all those outcomes.  However I might want tests on the configuration piece itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T19:17:12.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28130" CreationDate="2017-06-29T19:22:25.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I don't think that specific test cases are required to test for the absence of exceptions or error messages in an application.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test cases are written keeping in mind, broadly two types of scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Positive test scenarios &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Negative test scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While executing positive test scenarios, you test that the application should not throw any exception or error. So, positive test cases take care of that aspect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While executing negative test scenarios, you test that error messages do appear when some undesired data/action is performed in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I personally don't think specific test cases to cover absence of exceptions or error messages are required.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="10968" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T08:59:11.120" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T08:59:11.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28133" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28139" CreationDate="2017-06-29T20:55:37.577" Score="3" ViewCount="8300" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I navigate to my page under test, at the beginning of the entire &lt;strong&gt;Page Object&lt;/strong&gt; class initialization certain elements are not visible, but they become visible when I click on drop down (which is not a select drop down). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I search for those invisible elements with the &lt;code&gt;[FindsBy]&lt;/code&gt; annotation at the top of the class, but when it comes to interact with them, driver can't locate. I know I can use &lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement()&lt;/code&gt;, but would like to stick with the page object design principles. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any ways to tell Page Object to search for an element again? Any help will be appreciated.       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25538" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T00:32:45.523" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T08:39:04.070" Title="Selenium C# [FindsBy] attribute Search for an element again" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28134" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28117" CreationDate="2017-06-29T20:58:06.067" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of stuff covered by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Main_Page&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OWASP&lt;/a&gt; applies to applications as the line between desktop app and web app blurs. Things like SQL injection, command injection, object injection to name a few injection attacks. I once tested a .Net MVC app by uploading a PHP file and tried to see if the code was executed or presented as raw text when viewed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as tools you could try a free product like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.metasploit.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Metasploit&lt;/a&gt; but the learning curve is steep.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T20:58:06.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28135" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28140" CreationDate="2017-06-29T21:17:05.113" Score="58" ViewCount="12318" Body="&lt;p&gt;So, let's say I'm running some tests and run across some odd behavior that is a &lt;em&gt;deviation from expected results&lt;/em&gt;, however, I quickly run the test again and the bug is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; reproduced. I begin to question what's going on and run, say, 20 iterations of the test. I find that the unexpected behavior only occurs 9/20 times while the other 11/20 times the application runs smoothly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've encountered this while on-the-job in QA and when I ask about it I find that my colleagues, when shown the test, do not seem very worried about this kind of behavior. They seem happy to simply pass the test!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has been IRKING me. What should I report? My instinct was to &lt;em&gt;fail&lt;/em&gt; the test and go into a deeper dive around the issue. However, since this could be an issue of priority, maybe the Product Owner just wants to get other things done first. But what's wrong with logging a trivial bug? What kind of reaction should I have to this kind of a situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26198" LastEditorUserId="26548" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T00:49:58.207" LastActivityDate="2021-01-28T11:21:44.023" Title="What should be reported when a bug only happens 50% of the time?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="14" CommentCount="15" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-06-29T21:58:49.300" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;The proper reaction is not just &quot;fail the test&quot; and be done (or pass it and be done). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should do some &quot;due diligence&quot; investigation into whether you can trigger the bug consistently. If you can find a consistent trigger, report that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot find the root cause and trigger it consistently, report it as an intermittent bug and &lt;strong&gt;let management to decide&lt;/strong&gt; if it is so obscure and inconsequential that it does not have to be fixed, or if more resources should be spent digging up the root cause.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA is not to &lt;strong&gt;assure&lt;/strong&gt; quality but to &lt;strong&gt;assist&lt;/strong&gt; the management with providing information about the status of the application to make informed decisions when allocating resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Logging a trivial bug (which will not be fixed) has no business value so it is just a waste of time: yours (as a tester), and &lt;strong&gt;people who will triage the bug and decide to ignore it&lt;/strong&gt;. (I discuss examples of what I consider &quot;trivial&quot; later).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When in doubt, enter the bug into the tracker.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Talk&lt;/strong&gt; to the product owner about whether the bug is trivial (and should be ignored) or whether should be reported and fixed. Communication (in person) is cheap; don't communicate via the bug tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our company we have &quot;product owners&quot; - a person responsible for making decisions about their respective areas, and they are part of the triage team. So this is to give them a heads up, to avoid entering into the bug tracker something which they will reject during bug triage anyway, to avoid a waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might make sense to track even bugs which should be ignored - so the decision to ignore them is recorded, and no more attempts to enter them are made. But your bug tracking system might not be the right place to enter them (might have too much overhead) - maybe some lighter resource, like a wiki page of known glitches (so other testers may learn what is a glitch and what is an honest bug needing to be reported). But for most situations, such a formal list of known glitches would be also too heavy-handed - it can be learned by communicating with other more senior testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Process is no replacement for communication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A trivial bug&lt;/strong&gt; is something really trivial: say, sometimes the page is not correctly redrawn when the window size changes, in a browser used by only a small proportion of your users, and can be solved with a page refresh, and has no consequences, and you cannot force it to happen consistently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example of a trivial intermittent bug would be a traceback which occurred only once or very few times, where say some object was not properly instantiated, occurring at a time when there was some other outage/service disruption with a data provider, in code which had not changed for many weeks. Can you prove it is related to the disruption? Unlikely. Is it a good time investment to track down the root cause? Unlikely. So you don't enter it to bug tracker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On some days we have several such tracebacks, and entering them into the bug tracker would make no business sense. The situation is different if they are numerous, and consistently appearing - those are well worth tracking and fixing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few commentators insist that every bug is worth reporting. Let me disagree. maybe we disagree what is a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working in QA for few years, and found quite a few issues where we decided NOT to enter it to the bug tracker and NOT waste time investigating it, because we had bigger fish to fry. I am jealous if you have the time and resource to dive into each rabbit hole you find, but we don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Certainly we do have bugs entered years ago and still not resolved. Some are closed after few years, because parts of the system changed a lot since reporting, and we do not noticed it since. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But also certainly we do not enter &lt;em&gt;every single one&lt;/em&gt; wayward traceback found in logs into bug tracker and spend hours investigating it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T19:38:21.643" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T19:38:21.643" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-06-29T22:26:31.067" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It should be reported that there is a bug and the test should be considered failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the details would be the frequency of failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests that fail 45% of the time are definitely failures for me.  There is no hard and fast rule for % but when tests are in the 90%+ passing range - and usually over 95%, e.g. 19 passes in 20 runs I might consider the test to pass.  However I will create or update another ticket to track those infrequent failures.  50% is a long way from that so would definitely be considered failing by me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is something that your organization wishes to track you may want create / use a field in the ticket to indicate frequency of failure.  Then you could report on it over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T10:26:45.873" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T10:26:45.873" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28138" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28110" CreationDate="2017-06-29T23:29:43.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Strongly agree with logging!  With time stamps including milliseconds (big difference between events A at 01:23:45.999 and B at 01:23:46.000, vs. A at 01:23:45.000 and B at 01:23:46.999).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add bug-specific logging: if you can detect when a bug has occurred, log stuff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Circular buffers provide low-cost storage for history.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object self-tests for consistent state.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add tracking information to objects:  when, and in what context, was this created?  Often can be crunched down to a few bytes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good unit-test coverage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation, including pseudo-random.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thread history:  each object has 'checkpoints' that write a 1..2-byte value somewhere that gets logged on failure.  Thread A was between checkpoints 123 and 124...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Object history:  each object has bitwise-ORed flags recording the operations that have occurred (at least once), into a value somewhere that gets logged on failure.  Object B got Format() called, but not Init().&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23616" LastActivityDate="2017-06-29T23:29:43.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28133" CreationDate="2017-06-29T23:54:11.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The page object will search for the element every time you try to interact with it unless you've used the [CachedLookup] attribute, e.g.,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = “LogOut”)]&#xA;[CacheLookup]&#xA;public IWebElement CachedLogOut { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here CachedLogOut will only be located the first time you interact with it.&#xA;If you don't use [CachedLookup] then the element will be searched for every time you interact with it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = “LogOut”)]&#xA;public IWebElement LogOut { get; set; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here LogOut will be searched for every time you call one of its methods etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can think of two ways to deal with your scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Design your methods for interacting with the WebElements in the menu something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check if the menu is open&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's not open, open it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for the element you want to interact with using an &lt;strong&gt;Explicit Wait&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interact with the element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Return the Page Object (if it makes sense to do so)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) If the menu is something that is available on more than one page then it might be worth considering creating a separate page object for that menu, which is totally acceptable as far as page object design principles go. Then use method 1) above in this separate page object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Explicit Wait is how you ask your code to located the element again (and again and again...) until it has either been found or a set time has expired. The following will keep checking for LogOut to be clickable until &lt;em&gt;timeout&lt;/em&gt; seconds have expired. If LogOut isn't clickable by then it will throw an exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new WebDriverWait(Web.Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeout))&#xA;            .Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(LogOut));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastEditorUserId="26309" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T08:39:04.070" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T08:39:04.070" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-06-30T01:09:55.430" Score="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A bug that is only a bug 50% of the time is still a bug.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would still report/document it as a regular bug, but with an &quot;intermittent&quot; label - letting to know both developers and management about the bug, and that it is not reproduced all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way the issue would get its priority by the management, and the mentioned people may generate some ideas about making the bug reproducible 100% of the time. You would also let this &quot;IRKING&quot; partially go away having the fact that you observed the issue recorded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing is to document as much information about the facts and observations when the bug is reproduced and when is not - record as much as possible - screenshots, logs, stacktrace, current theories and ideas. Think about things that vary from one test execution to another - test order, different pre- and post- conditions, network delays, user access control, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="2511" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T14:17:00.703" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T14:17:00.703" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28126" CreationDate="2017-06-30T01:46:32.797" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are a &lt;strong&gt;developer&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Refactor code every time you touch it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Know the application's behavior before refactoring.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Refactor as if you have to write unit tests (if you know how to write testable code).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Include estimates, do change impact analysis, and let your manager know about it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a &lt;strong&gt;tester&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Talk to the developer if they can batch bug fixes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Know the application behavior and prepare test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't blame developers for new bugs appearing because of new fixes. Be patient. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are a/the &lt;strong&gt;technical lead&lt;/strong&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This could be a nightmare if not taken care of soon.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Talk to the developer(s) about estimates.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Motivate the developer when code must change for the defect to be fixed. Change the code to be testable with automated tests. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Appreciate automated tests, even if it increases development time. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually, all of you are responsible for working or non-working software. So be patient and keep making it better every time you change it to fix something. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways, I'm in the middle of doing something similar so sharing experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21722" LastEditorUserId="26616" LastEditDate="2017-07-02T07:02:21.420" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T07:02:21.420" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28142" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-30T03:01:51.040" Score="4" ViewCount="156" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say you are in charge of an SQA &amp;amp; Testing company that offers outsourced testing services to other companies that develop software. Let's say you offer 4 general types of testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's assume you use a fixed price model: your client comes with a project with pre-defined requirements and scope, and a fixed duration, which are unlikely to change. You estimate how much it will cost you to provide testing for that project, and then you offer your client a fixed price that hopefully ensures you will gain some profit above your costs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is about how to do the estimation above. How would you go about estimating the costs of doing testing to a given project X for your client? What information about the project would you look at in order to make a good estimation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To formalize my question a little bit more, let's say you have to define 4 functions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FunctionalCost(X): estimated cost of providing functional testing for project X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PerformanceCost(X): estimated cost of providing performance testing for project X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SecurityCost(X): estimated cost of providing security testing for project X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UsabilityCost(X): estimated cost of providing usability testing for project X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you define these functions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26552" LastEditorUserId="26552" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T03:13:31.313" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T17:05:02.783" Title="As an outsourced SQA Testing provider: how would you estimate the workload (an therefore the costs) for testing your client's next project?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28143" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28181" CreationDate="2017-06-30T03:52:44.090" Score="11" ViewCount="623" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Unit-testing, oftentimes, is thought of as a burden&lt;/em&gt; and not exciting at all - more code to write, configure and maintain which requires time which results into delays in delivering features or fixes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What may motivate or convince developers to write unit tests?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like the question to be generic, but, if some context needed, here is our story:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We have several JS UI developers that don't write unit tests at all&#xA;  - we try to compensate by extra manual and automated end-to-end UI&#xA;  testing (we basically have &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this pyramid&lt;/a&gt; flipped upside-down). Their reasoning is that we have a lot of immediate customer&#xA;  demands which we need to fulfill - cannot afford extra time for tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T18:19:51.003" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T17:10:38.783" Title="How can testers motivate developers to write unit tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28144" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-06-30T03:56:51.330" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to get a reliably-failing test case, but at the end of the day, it's still a bug. Make sure to state that e.g. &lt;code&gt;&quot;hey, this only fails ~1/2 the time&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Note that one way to dance around the issue if it's impolitic is to write a new test case that runs the test e.g. 100 times.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once reported an HW bug that occurred &lt;code&gt;~1-in-100k times on ~1/10&lt;/code&gt; devices... (And I found it on iteration 9986/10k, and even that was only because I forgot to stop it before I left for the weekend...) The root cause was one of those &lt;code&gt;&quot;if the stars line up&quot;&lt;/code&gt; bugs - a write in a 1 clock cycle window would tristate an output for a bit, and everything would be OK as long as said output retained its value for long enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26553" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T05:04:58.153" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T05:04:58.153" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28145" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28153" CreationDate="2017-06-30T05:43:36.040" Score="4" ViewCount="22534" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the HTML code like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;test-class&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;test-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;test-time&quot; data-start=&quot;12:13pm&quot; data-full=&quot;12:13 PM - 12:50 PM&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;12:13pm - 12:50pm&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;test-title&quot;&amp;gt;Classes Name&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;test-bg&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to click &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;test-class&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. However, I need to locate that element by text &lt;code&gt;12:13pm - 12:50pm&lt;/code&gt; from &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;12:13pm - 12:50pm&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; , which is not visible from front-end. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to get XPath of &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;test-class&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26042" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-04-23T05:36:47.713" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T05:36:47.713" Title="Selenium: How to click a button using the button label?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28143" CreationDate="2017-06-30T05:51:39.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What may motivate or convince developers to write unit tests?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ideally, the most convincing evidence is perhaps a statistical comparison; if you could present a comparison between two similar projects, one with unit tests while another one without unit tests; despite requiring more time and effort to develop unit tests at the beginning, the project with unit tests should cost much fewer resources to maintain in the long term and hence having a higher business value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;But I guess everyone knows this in theory; the practical way to motivate developers to write unit tests is to educate the management that unit tests are needed sooner rather than later. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In practice, I doubt someone would be able to sweet-talk developers into writing test cases as ignoring sweet-talking carries no consequences. The only way to motivate or convince developers is to apply managerial pressure. Instead of sweet-talking to them, a manager will create tasks for unit tests; ignoring tasks carries real career risks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a tester, if it is allowed, please consider going and talking to developers' manager, and try to convince him/her that unit tests are mandatory; only then, writing unit test can be reinforced effectively. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T05:51:39.223" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28148" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28145" CreationDate="2017-06-30T06:50:40.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per the code shared above, any of the following two &lt;code&gt;x-paths&lt;/code&gt; can be used to locate the element by using the text mentioned in the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To search element by exact text:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //a[@class='test-class']//span[text()='12:13pm - 12:50pm']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below x-path is for like search. This will give you flexibility to use unique part of the text &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(in case, there are multiple elements with similar text).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@class='test-class']//span[contains(text(),'12:13pm - 12:50pm')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-04-23T05:35:23.760" LastActivityDate="2020-04-23T05:35:23.760" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28177" CreationDate="2017-06-30T07:41:26.780" Score="4" ViewCount="2015" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please note that I am trying to send the below request and validate the response on POST method using url `http:*******&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : I tried sending nested Json as an array like &lt;code&gt;****[0]='', voucherData[1]=''&lt;/code&gt; etc but I got same error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="24292" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T17:07:06.850" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T17:07:06.850" Title="Getting issue while sending nested JSON as request to validate the POST REST API method using Karate framework" Tags="&lt;rest-api&gt;&lt;karate&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-06-30T08:16:41.470" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;50% is an extremely high rate. 500,000 of 1,000,000 customers will run into this bug. As a developer, I want this fixed, and I fell lucky that it is so easy to reproduce. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously report &quot;9 out of 20 times&quot; with the bug report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26559" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T08:16:41.470" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28145" CreationDate="2017-06-30T09:31:04.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agree with above answers. Wanted to add few points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solution 1 -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This solution is working currently with me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[. = '12:13pm - 12:50pm']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;But its has one barrier. Can't user for other than english's some special characters. Avoided in next solution 2&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Solution 2 -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is good fit solution if you are using string or text with special characters, white spaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String label = &quot;12:13pm - 12:50pm&quot;;&#xA;String string = String.format(&quot;//button[contains(.,'%s')]&quot;, label);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(string));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I got solution from &lt;a href=&quot;https://goo.gl/MiySAv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T09:31:04.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28153" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28145" CreationDate="2017-06-30T09:37:16.383" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to match the &quot;a&quot; element you would need to use &lt;em&gt;ancestor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[text()='12:13pm - 12:50pm']/ancestor::a[@class='test-class']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastEditorUserId="26309" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T11:31:25.893" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T11:31:25.893" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28155" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-30T10:22:16.833" Score="5" ViewCount="1123" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to send data on Cassandra DB and retrieve it back. I want to check how much time it will take to post data and retrieve it back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are not using Rest API's. There are methods(logic)only. Data get dump into Cassandra DB and retrieve when we call methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to check how much data we can save into Cassandra, and in how much time I can retrieve that data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I do performance testing on Cassandra database?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26565" LastEditorUserId="26565" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T12:10:22.867" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T04:50:56.120" Title="How can I do performance testing on Cassandra database as a manual tester?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28155" CreationDate="2017-06-30T11:04:02.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance testing comes in two flavors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How long does 1 request take&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;How long does 1 request take when there are also 'x' other requests&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;How long does 1 request take&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Measure the time.  Use a script or a language to write out the steps to perform the operation and add timing at the start and end to know how long it takes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &quot;How long under load&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would need to have either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;have a bunch of manual testers, all acting at the same time - hard&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automation instead of manual testing - hard&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;yup, load testing is hard and not a manual thing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T11:04:02.353" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28157" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-06-30T11:50:42.477" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T11:50:42.477" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T11:50:42.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28158" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-06-30T11:50:42.477" Score="0" Body="TypeScript is a typed superset of JavaScript created by Microsoft that adds optional types, classes, interfaces and modules and compiles to plain JavaScript. TypeScript includes advanced features such as generic types, type inference, lambda functions, string templates (interpolation), destructuring and more." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T12:22:48.543" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T12:22:48.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28155" CreationDate="2017-06-30T12:17:52.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I got your question correctly, you are trying to test the performance of Cassandra which I believe there should be good benchmarks already available for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://academy.datastax.com/planet-cassandra/nosql-performance-benchmarks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.datastax.com/nosql-databases/benchmarks-cassandra-vs-mongodb-vs-hbase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T12:17:52.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28162" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-30T13:45:23.493" Score="16" ViewCount="1874" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a Test engineer in a company. Recently, I caught a special bug. Here is the bug description. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Process: Send money to a recipient via online banking. Fill in all the&#xA;  required details and Transfer Amount X to the recipient. The problem&#xA;  happens on the submit page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When I click Submit button on the&#xA;  confirmation page, the browser window keeps loading for a few&#xA;  seconds(My test environment is slow). Within that duration click on&#xA;  Submit button again. Voila, On the summary page I see the success&#xA;  message two times i.e. &quot;Transaction 1 has been completed successfully&quot;&#xA;  and &quot;Transaction 2 has been completed successfully&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In the database&#xA;  too I see that the amount is debited/credited two times from the&#xA;  respective accounts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding, this is a critical bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the problem is that this bug is only reproducible on that specific test environment. Development team is unable to reproduce that bug. After discussion between Dev team manager and my manager they decided to abandon the bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This bug still bugs me and I feel like raising it to boss of my manager because it is a critical bug. What should I do? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: The bug was in open state for two weeks before it was abandoned. Both Dev. and Test managers had thorough discussions on this particular bug. Dev team had no clue about how to fix this (It was not a simple fix). The bug was only reproducible in one particular env.    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26574" LastEditorUserId="26574" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T21:21:15.920" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T09:39:28.897" Title="How should I respond when the team wants to ignore a critical but hard to reproduce bug" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28163" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28460" CreationDate="2017-06-30T13:45:47.870" Score="0" ViewCount="1992" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider my below test code for Appium (WinappDriver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I know, these two locators should be equivalent. &#xA;Yet the second one fails because the element cannot be found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any reason why XPath doesn't give results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// does not throw an exception    &#xA;var header = App.Session.FindElementByName(&quot;NIEUW FORMULIER&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// throws an exception&#xA;header = App.Session.FindElementByXPath(&quot;//*[@Name='NIEUW FORMULIER']&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the inspect.exe view:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aknyN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aknyN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=\&quot;1.0\&quot; encoding=\&quot;utf-16\&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;Window AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;TitleBar\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;ApplicationFrameWindow\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;Win32\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;False\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;\&quot; Name=\&quot;Accent Mobile Forms\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;7932\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.2688684\&quot; x=\&quot;-8\&quot; y=\&quot;0\&quot; width=\&quot;1483\&quot; height=\&quot;838\&quot; CanMaximize=\&quot;False\&quot; CanMinimize=\&quot;False\&quot; IsModal=\&quot;False\&quot; WindowVisualState=\&quot;Normal\&quot; WindowInteractionState=\&quot;Running\&quot; IsTopmost=\&quot;False\&quot; CanRotate=\&quot;False\&quot; CanResize=\&quot;False\&quot; CanMove=\&quot;False\&quot; IsAvailable=\&quot;True\&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;Window AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;Windows.UI.Core.CoreWindow\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;venster\&quot; Name=\&quot;Accent Mobile Forms\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662\&quot; x=\&quot;1\&quot; y=\&quot;40\&quot; width=\&quot;1465\&quot; height=\&quot;789\&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Window AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;Popup\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;venster\&quot; Name=\&quot;Pop-up\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.1\&quot; x=\&quot;1\&quot; y=\&quot;773\&quot; width=\&quot;1465\&quot; height=\&quot;56\&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;AppBar AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;ApplicationBar\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;app-balk\&quot; Name=\&quot;\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.67\&quot; x=\&quot;1\&quot; y=\&quot;773\&quot; width=\&quot;1465\&quot; height=\&quot;55\&quot; ExpandCollapseState=\&quot;Collapsed\&quot; ToggleState=\&quot;Off\&quot; IsAvailable=\&quot;True\&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;AppName\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;ACCENT MOBILE FORMS\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.68\&quot; x=\&quot;636\&quot; y=\&quot;779\&quot; width=\&quot;196\&quot; height=\&quot;24\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;AppVersion\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;ACCEPT - Versie 2017.6.29.4\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.69\&quot; x=\&quot;639\&quot; y=\&quot;803\&quot; width=\&quot;184\&quot; height=\&quot;20\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;True\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.70\&quot; x=\&quot;-299\&quot; y=\&quot;-124\&quot; width=\&quot;0\&quot; height=\&quot;0\&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;HyperLink AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;Hyperlink\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;True\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;hyperlink\&quot; Name=\&quot;ms-windows-store://navigatetopage/?Id=LOB\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.71\&quot; x=\&quot;-299\&quot; y=\&quot;-124\&quot; width=\&quot;0\&quot; height=\&quot;0\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/Text&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/AppBar&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/Window&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;R028 - ACCENT INDUSTRY &amp;amp;amp; PRODUCTION ROESELARE\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.50\&quot; x=\&quot;14\&quot; y=\&quot;59\&quot; width=\&quot;625\&quot; height=\&quot;25\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;ACTUM\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.51\&quot; x=\&quot;694\&quot; y=\&quot;45\&quot; width=\&quot;78\&quot; height=\&quot;30\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;Klantnr: 56703 - POPERINGE\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.52\&quot; x=\&quot;639\&quot; y=\&quot;75\&quot; width=\&quot;188\&quot; height=\&quot;20\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;ULA NAERT\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.53\&quot; x=\&quot;1357\&quot; y=\&quot;59\&quot; width=\&quot;96\&quot; height=\&quot;25\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;Favorite\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.54\&quot; x=\&quot;912\&quot; y=\&quot;116\&quot; width=\&quot;30\&quot; height=\&quot;30\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Group AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;asbContact\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;AutoSuggestBox\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;groep\&quot; Name=\&quot;\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.55\&quot; x=\&quot;950\&quot; y=\&quot;111\&quot; width=\&quot;440\&quot; height=\&quot;41\&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;Edit AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;TextBox\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBox\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;True\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;bewerken\&quot; Name=\&quot;Zoek contact\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.72\&quot; x=\&quot;950\&quot; y=\&quot;111\&quot; width=\&quot;440\&quot; height=\&quot;41\&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;Zoek contact\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.75\&quot; x=\&quot;966\&quot; y=\&quot;118\&quot; width=\&quot;108\&quot; height=\&quot;25\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;Button AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;QueryButton\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;Button\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;knop\&quot; Name=\&quot;\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.76\&quot; x=\&quot;1347\&quot; y=\&quot;111\&quot; width=\&quot;43\&quot; height=\&quot;41\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/Edit&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/Group&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Button AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;addContactButton\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;Button\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;True\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;knop\&quot; Name=\&quot;\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.56\&quot; x=\&quot;1395\&quot; y=\&quot;111\&quot; width=\&quot;63\&quot; height=\&quot;41\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;Text AcceleratorKey=\&quot;\&quot; AccessKey=\&quot;\&quot; AutomationId=\&quot;\&quot; ClassName=\&quot;TextBlock\&quot; FrameworkId=\&quot;XAML\&quot; HasKeyboardFocus=\&quot;False\&quot; HelpText=\&quot;\&quot; IsContentElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsControlElement=\&quot;True\&quot; IsEnabled=\&quot;True\&quot; IsKeyboardFocusable=\&quot;False\&quot; IsOffscreen=\&quot;False\&quot; IsPassword=\&quot;False\&quot; IsRequiredForForm=\&quot;False\&quot; ItemStatus=\&quot;\&quot; ItemType=\&quot;\&quot; LocalizedControlType=\&quot;tekst\&quot; Name=\&quot;NIEUW FORMULIER\&quot; Orientation=\&quot;None\&quot; ProcessId=\&quot;9440\&quot; RuntimeId=\&quot;42.4852662.2.57\&quot; x=\&quot;29\&quot; y=\&quot;165\&quot; width=\&quot;157\&quot; height=\&quot;24\&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T05:51:03.077" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T07:24:15.630" Title="Appium - why does XPath not work (at all / as expected)" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28162" CreationDate="2017-06-30T13:53:32.690" Score="17" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Good job not abandoning the problem!&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does sound like a &quot;scary&quot; bug to me, and, potentially not only on the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some of the things I would do if I were you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;still create a formal issue in the bug tracker (you may put a &quot;not-stable&quot;, or &quot;requires more information&quot; label on the ticket). Mention both your and the dev team manager.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try reproduce the problem in other environments: use browser developer tools to simulate slow connection - for instance, Chrome allows you to select connection speed and quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create a video demonstrating the bug and show it to the management and the development team (attach to the ticket)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;see if it would be possible to explore the production logs and look for specific patterns of repeated transactions that reflect the problem - this may potentially work as a proof that it is already reproducible in production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T13:53:32.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28142" CreationDate="2017-06-30T14:09:50.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you or your team have accomplished such projects before, your estimations can be based on the previous experience. If this type of project is new for you, the estimation will be less precise, but you can try defragment the functionality into basic elements and then it will be easier to estimate each one of them separately (e.g. a simple authorization form - it is more or less clear how many cases you need here and how much time does it take). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have estimation of working hours, you will obtain the cost value after multiplying it by your rate. For a team with different rates it would be more complicated of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would define the first function as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FunctionalCost(X) = Rate * (T(el 1) + T(el 2) + ... + T(el N) + T(optional: risks etc.))&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not so sure about performance, security and usability. These areas require additional assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21186" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T14:09:50.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28163" CreationDate="2017-06-30T14:12:30.710" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might becouse of xpath is a combination of classes ,names and css.&#xA;So ot need to incorporate with all the above finder types to get a one single xpath .&#xA;But when it comes to Name,it is unique.&#xA;And also if you analyze the web page loading pattern you will see Name will load fast than xpath.&#xA;So it is easy and quickly to appium to get Name rather than Xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T14:12:30.710" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28163" CreationDate="2017-06-30T14:20:02.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XPaths are case-sensitive.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The equivalent would be &lt;code&gt;//*[@name='NIEUW FORMULIER']&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though, this is not a direct equivalent since there can also be namespaces involved - rarely the case, but worth mentioning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T14:20:02.973" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28142" CreationDate="2017-06-30T15:11:17.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd be incredibly reluctant to do this, at least if I wanted any repeat business/didn't want to go broke.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At some level, you're trying to do the same thing you try to do when estimating test time for an internal project; the things I look at include code complexity, developer experience in general, developer experience in the area being changed, tester experience in general, tester experience in the thing being tested, interaction with other pieces of software, impact of misses, types of problems likely to be found, ease of finding problems, ease of noticing problems, and so on.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of those things I can get from a design document, but a lot of it requires historical knowledge.  And as a third-party provider, you're going to have no way of knowing most of that historical knowledge.  Even if you're repeating work for the same company, you aren't going to know if the reason the last project went so well is because they had their two best developers on it, but one of them has retired, and the other one is only working 1/2 time on the next version.  Or they've moved to a new framework they aren't familiar with.  Or a new language.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also the question of what you're going to promise, on your side of the contract.  x number of defects found?  y number of defects found in production?  What if you think something is a defect and they don't?  Or you find the number of defects you said you would, but a big one slips by?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, you'd be promising to absorb an unknown amount of risk for a fixed fee, and at some level, be giving your employers a reason to give you horrible code that they want you to test quality into.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T15:11:17.333" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7423" CreationDate="2017-06-30T15:22:49.150" Score="0" Body="&lt;h1&gt;What else can an automator do to add value ?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other role and activities you can do to add value beside just writing automation code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn more about the business domain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform refactoring of tests to DRY them up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be active on Code Review for application code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about and present on accessibility and usability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pair on test plans with developers before they write code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoke test production releases on the various supported devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploratory testing to both find bugs not covered or findable in automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Curate the (usually present) backlog, seeing what older tickets could be closed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis of front end vs. back end testing for what resources should be used on each&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis of web traffic to see which devices, browsers &amp;amp; versions should be supported&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare and present on the many topics under QA in presentations and lunch and learns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T15:22:49.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28162" CreationDate="2017-06-30T15:38:08.597" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to @alecxe's answer, you also may have found something you can do to improve test overall.  If the developer computers can't reproduce this problem, because they're too fast/not busy enough/whatever, but yours can, that suggests that a diversity of test environments is needed, and you should be doing testing beyond functional testing.  I'm assuming you have browser requirements (IE 8 and above, or whatever); those have OS requirements.  Those OSes have performance requirements.  In your test environment, you should have a variety of computers across the performance spectrum.  Just like a slow test environment can find problems, so can a fast one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T15:38:08.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28173" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28162" CreationDate="2017-06-30T16:17:27.937" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to the existing answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try phrasing this issue as one of not disabling the Submit button between when it's clicked and when the payment finishes processing, with a much higher likelihood of occurring in a slow environment such as connection to the application over the phone network or using an old, slow, or overloaded computer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also point out the likelihood of serious negative feedback from customers who will click the button multiple times if they see no response no matter how slow their system is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option if your manager disagrees with the dev team manager is to ask for a resolution from their manager(s) since the bug is not one you want to take live due to the high cost of processing a lot of returns - which is what will happen if the bug is released.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, with the extra evidence and working with your manager, you can't convince the team to fix the issue, make sure you keep it on the system and notify your team members so you can point to it when a customer does encounter it and disagrees with you (this is the least desirable outcome, but it does serve to silence blamestorms if the need arises). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T16:17:27.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28174" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-30T16:19:21.443" Score="0" ViewCount="1963" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to automation testing and&#xA;I have been stuck on testing two different pages (HomePage and AboutPage)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BasePage.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class BasePage {&#xA;    protected WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public BasePage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BaseTest.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class BaseTest {&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private final String chromeDriverPath = &quot;src//main//resources//chromedriver.exe&quot;;&#xA;    private final String firefoxDriverPath = &quot;src//main//resources//geckodriver.exe&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public WebDriver getDriver() {&#xA;        return driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeTest&#xA;    @Parameters({&quot;browser&quot;, &quot;baseURL&quot;})&#xA;    public void setUp(@Optional String browser, @Optional String baseURL) {&#xA;        driver = getBrowserType(browser);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(baseURL);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private WebDriver getBrowserType(String browserType) {&#xA;        if (driver == null ) {&#xA;            if (browserType.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;firefox&quot;)) {&#xA;                 System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, firefoxDriverPath);&#xA;                 return  new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            }&#xA;            else if (browserType.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;chrome&quot;)) {&#xA;                System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, chromeDriverPath);&#xA;                return new ChromeDriver();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        return driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterTest&#xA;    public void tearDown() {&#xA;        if (driver != null)&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HomePage.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class HomePage extends BasePage {&#xA;&#xA;    public HomePage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public boolean verifyHomePage() {&#xA;        return driver.getCurrentUrl().contains(&quot;foodpanda.com&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NavigationMenuComponent.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NavigationMenuComponent extends BasePage{&#xA;&#xA;    public NavigationMenuComponent(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(xpath = &quot;//ul[@class='right']//a[contains(@href, '/about')]&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement aboutLink;&#xA;&#xA;    public void test() {&#xA;         aboutLink.click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HomePageTest.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class HomePageTest extends BaseTest {&#xA;&#xA;    private HomePage homePage;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    public void init() {&#xA;        homePage = PageFactory.initElements(getDriver(), HomePage.class);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(groups = &quot;home-page&quot;)&#xA;    public void verifyFirstPage() {&#xA;        Assert.assertTrue(homePage.verifyHomePage());&#xA;    }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NavigationMenuTest.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class NavigationMenuTest extends BaseTest{&#xA;&#xA;    private NavigationMenuComponent navigationMenuComponent;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public void init() {&#xA;        navigationMenuComponent = PageFactory.initElements(getDriver(), NavigationMenuComponent.class);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(groups = &quot;about-page&quot;)&#xA;    public void verifyAboutLink() {&#xA;       navigationMenuComponent.test();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And my &lt;strong&gt;testng.xml&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM &quot;http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;suite&quot; parallel=&quot;tests&quot; thread-count=&quot;2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;baseURL&quot; value=&quot;https://www.foodpanda.com/&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;chromeTest&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;chrome&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.HomePageTest&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.NavigationMenuTest&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;test name=&quot;firefoxTest&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;firefox&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.HomePageTest&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.NavigationMenuTest&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/class&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is stacktrace&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.DefaultElementLocator.findElement(DefaultElementLocator.java:69)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.internal.LocatingElementHandler.invoke(LocatingElementHandler.java:38)&#xA;    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy11.click(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at pages.HomePage.verifyAboutPage(HomePage.java:37)&#xA;    at tests.AboutPageTest.aboutPage(AboutPageTest.java:27)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:80)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:564)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:213)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:653)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:901)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1231)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.access$000(SuiteRunner.java:37)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner$SuiteWorker.run(SuiteRunner.java:368)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.thread.ThreadUtil$2.call(ThreadUtil.java:64)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)&#xA;    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)&#xA;    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)&#xA;&#xA;Test ignored.JavaScript error: resource://gre/components/nsUrlClassifierListManager.js, line 287: NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED: Component returned failure code: 0xc1f30001 (NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED) [nsIUrlClassifierDBService.getTables]&#xA;JavaScript error: resource://gre/components/nsUrlClassifierListManager.js, line 287: NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED: Component returned failure code: 0xc1f30001 (NS_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED) [nsIUrlClassifierDBService.getTables]&#xA;1498838795121   Marionette  INFO    Ceased listening&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I change testng.xml to test one of my classes it's work just fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;: The problem was solved by changing annotating &lt;code&gt;setUp()&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;strong&gt;BaseTest.java&lt;/strong&gt; from &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;@BeforeClass&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26581" LastEditorUserId="26581" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T16:37:18.247" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T16:37:18.247" Title="Getting NullPointerException when tried to test two different pages" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28142" CreationDate="2017-06-30T16:20:31.453" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If it is routine project, you have previous experience and use that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Diving into a new kind project, you have &lt;strong&gt;no idea what is lurking inside in dark corners&lt;/strong&gt;. So it is considerable risk. Question is, who will be shouldering the burden of that risk. There are many options how to deal with the uncertainty:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Customer holds all the risk&lt;/strong&gt; (testers are paid for billable hours). This leaves customer flexibility to change priorities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test team holds all the risk&lt;/strong&gt; (fixed price contract). So you have to pad estimates heavily, and fight against any changes, and make changes very expensive for customer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shared risk&lt;/strong&gt; (Milestones). Everybody makes best estimate, and after each milestone estimates are re-evaluated and each party can continue project or end it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T16:20:31.453" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28126" CreationDate="2017-06-30T16:29:35.453" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In this situation the first thing I do is report the observed bugs, and label them in some way as blocking further testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exactly how the labeling is done depends on the tool and the circumstances, but I make sure each bug that blocks further testing is clearly flagged as blocking further testing. For instance, a bug that makes it impossible to save data clearly prevents any further actions with that data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I've flagged my testing as blocked, &lt;strong&gt;I notify my lead and project manager&lt;/strong&gt;. They need to know that I can't progress further because of a situation not in my control. At that point it's their responsibility to make sure the blocking bugs are fixed so I can get back to work on the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once my lead and PM have been notified, I work on something else until the blocking issues are fixed. There's never a shortage of things to do, so having something to work on isn't a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion &lt;strong&gt;the most important step is making sure your lead and project manager know you are unable to continue testing and why&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T16:29:35.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28149" CreationDate="2017-06-30T16:56:16.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a tip. Since you know the expected request structure, keep in mind that you can use it almost as-is in Karate. And proper JSON with double-quotes etc. is totally fine. And you can use the multi-line option. So please try this for the request step:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;And request&#xA;&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;{&#xA;  &quot;memberId&quot;:&quot;******&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;memberIpAddress&quot;:&quot;******&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;voucherData&quot;:{&#xA;     &quot;******&quot;:{&#xA;        &quot;voucherNo&quot;:&quot;*****&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;voucherValue&quot;:&quot;***&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;voucherIssueDate&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;voucherExpiryDate&quot;:&quot;******&quot;&#xA;     }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this should work ! Try it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T16:56:16.853" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-06-30T17:15:01.200" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;A bug that cannot be reproduced on demand (but is known to exist) is &lt;em&gt;doubly&lt;/em&gt; more important than one that can be easily reproduced. They can occur via several scenarios, all very important: e.g. they might occur under conditions which may not be present in the lab, but very likely when the client is using the software; or they may occur as a result of a race condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you have a bug that can be reproduced faithfully, maybe you can get away with filing it for now and dealing with it later. But if you have a &quot;cannot reproduce always but definitely there&quot; bug, you need to figure it out and fix it &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt;, as the odd conditions that give rise to it now might become far more cryptic and infrequent further down the line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most famous cases of such a bug was the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therac-25&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Therac-25&lt;/a&gt;. I'll let you read the extensive wikipedia article yourself, but essentially this was a radiotherapy machine which had just such a &quot;race-condition&quot; related bug. By the time it was spotted, and realised it was indeed a bug rather than &quot;human error&quot;, many patients had died from accidental massive radiation overdoses. So yes, bugs can even kill, and &quot;hard to reproduce&quot; bugs even more so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;PS. Obviously, it does depend what the product is for and how the bug may be perceived to interfere (though this is hard to predict, and trivial bugs can eventually trigger wonderful cascades that become showstoppers). I'm not trying to over-dramatise anything here. But you never stated what the software is actually about, so I'm choosing to go with the &quot;high risk software&quot; assumption as a benchmark of importance.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26586" LastEditorUserId="26586" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T17:24:00.937" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T17:24:00.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28143" CreationDate="2017-06-30T17:27:56.243" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit test are &lt;strong&gt;far superior&lt;/strong&gt; in detecting root cause of the bug, compared to e2e tests. Maybe I am lucky, but our developers are religious about adding unit tests - because they experienced that it helps them to detect errors sooner, and allow for refactoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When e2e test reports a problem, you have to investigate what went wrong. Unit test tells you exactly what went wrong, so even investigation part is substantially shortened. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a &lt;strong&gt;cultural problem and management problem&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Did you had an issue recently where functionality regressed? When you were doing post-mortem analysis, obvious suggestion would be to add automated test to check for the condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated unit test are the first level of defense. In opinion of many test gurus, you would not even consider starting writing e2e test unless you have comprehensive unit tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T17:27:56.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28143" CreationDate="2017-06-30T17:32:53.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Specifically, how can &lt;strong&gt;testers&lt;/strong&gt; motive &lt;strong&gt;developers&lt;/strong&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is actually a hard question.  Especially the motivation piece.  Some suggestions for that specific part:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be critical of code but not people who write it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be an easy-going fun flexible person to work with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Develop good relations with programming managers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be enthusiastic about testing and how wonderful it can be&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give lunch and learns on testing, TDD, BDD and their benefits&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work with management on what criteria people are reviewed on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Participate in application code reviews so help is a two-way street&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Teach TDD&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not the &quot;code should be covered by tests at some point... version&quot; but the&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a failing test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write the code to make it pass&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also three keys thing: culture, refactoring and rewards($)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Culture:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Have lots of ongoing conversations about tests, unit tests, which tests to write, test good practices, when to write functional ui tests, how to manage overlap of tests, etc.  Make testing a frequent topic of conversation in the group.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refactoring:&#xA;As Niels pointed out, being able to refactor 'in safety' is a wonderful and amazing thing. It is part of culture but well worth calling out on its own!  I recently wrote a bunch of bash scripts and ended up writing a small test framework just so I could refactor them.  The ability to do the refactoring and run those tests as I was doing it was invaluable.  Likewise the thought of changing them (whether refactoring, new features or bugs) was very scary.  I guess I've bought into testing :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reward($):&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Make sure that tests are part of developer employee evaluation and salary increases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have old / legacy code*1 measure what is currently tested*2 and make a project to fill in the holes / untested application code.  If code is older technology without tests, consider wrapping in newer tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*1 The best definition of legacy code I've seen is &quot;the code you have in production today&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*2 Use a code coverage measure tool such as codecov, code climate, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T17:10:38.783" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T17:10:38.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28143" CreationDate="2017-06-30T18:13:58.520" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;It starts with explaining developers to take their discipline serious. They should follow the &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.freecodecamp.org/the-programmers-oath-db782efd958b&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;programmers oath&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will produce, with each release, a quick, sure, and repeatable proof&#xA;  that every element of the code works as it should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like how UncleBob compares developing software to double-book-keeping in accounting and disciplines like hand-washing in medicine. Things that for decades where frowned upon in their respected fields. Now these practises are enforced by law.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit-tests are&lt;/strong&gt; not for the users, not for the testers, not for managers, not for build-systems, but &lt;strong&gt;for developers! As they remove the fear of change&lt;/strong&gt;. Removing the fear of change leads to be able to practise &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;refactoring&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Refactoring is the number one skill in keeping software maintainable and extendable. This is why every developer should want their coworkers to write good decoupled code that is well unit-tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Teach the four TDD skills with doing &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/the-coding-dojo&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;coding dojo's&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Driving development with test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designing test cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Refactoring safely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Designing clean code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Codo dojo's are pre-made exercises that focus on training these skills and are &lt;strong&gt;very fun todo in a group&lt;/strong&gt;. Unit-tests without good refactoring skills is not fun. Read this article about &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ericgu/2017/06/22/notdd/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;#NoTDD&lt;/a&gt; which explains not TDD, but refactoring is key in this practise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Watch the &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/videos/clean-code/fundamentals&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code fundamentals&lt;/a&gt; with your development team. It contains two great episodes on TDD and he keeps showing why unit-tests are key in Agile software development. We watch one episode each iterations and the developers love it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unit-testing, oftentimes, is thought of as a burden and not exciting&#xA;  at all&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing at the end is &lt;strong&gt;boring&lt;/strong&gt;, writing unit-tests after the code is boring. Stuff at the end of the process is something you skip under pressure. Stuff at the end of the process is therefor often optional. Testing is NOT optional. That why you should do it before you write any code. :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to say make, but I say motivate your developers to read the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.de/Clean-Code-Handbook-Software-Craftsmanship/dp/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;CleanCode&lt;/a&gt; book. If that does not convince someone to write unit-tests than nothing will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T18:35:36.043" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T18:35:36.043" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-06-30T18:20:27.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intermittently reproducible bugs are just generally just as important as bugs that occur every time in my opinion. They are sometimes due to race conditions, which have a nasty habit of occurring more frequently when software moves from a test environment into a production environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, an intermittent bug that slips through into production has the potential to generate a lot of expensive support calls. Those will need to be paid for from someone's budget, although possibly not from the budget that is paying for the current development work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do both support and development on a mature (10 years old) commercial system, and about half the staff time spent on support calls is spent working around intermittent bugs that we've not yet figured out how to replicate. Knowing how to replicate those bugs could allow my company to save money. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26154" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T18:20:27.960" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28183" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-06-30T19:08:15.237" Score="6" ViewCount="453" Body="&lt;p&gt;It may take serious effort to determine if an application has significant unexpected or hidden functionality, and it would indicate deeper problems in the software development process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the functionality isn't necessary to the purpose of the application, it should be removed, as it may have &#xA;unknown impacts or dependencies that were not taken into account by the designer or the customer.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not removed, design information will be needed to determine added testing needs or regression testing needs; and this affects productivity, wasting of time of QA team if needed in functional/regression testing. Can Management team be aware and take any added significant risks as a result of this unexpected functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How much will it cost on QA, management and overall productivity of an application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T11:12:12.023" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T11:12:12.023" Title="What if the application has functionality that wasn't in the requirements?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;risk-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28183" CreationDate="2017-06-30T19:33:12.567" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my personal opinion, one classic example of unexpected functionality is Easter eggs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Easters eggs introduce unexpected functionalities ranging from printing developers name to the standard output to leaving a backdoor only known to a few developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a general rule, an unexpected functionality is introduced by either a coincidental mistake or hidden (even malicious) intention. Very occasionally, Easter Eggs are introduced on purpose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;How much it will cost on QA, management and overall productivity of an application?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is &quot;it&quot;? Did you mean &lt;em&gt;unexpected functionalities&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;the testing effort&lt;/em&gt; to look for unexpected functionalities?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It = unexpected functionalities, it is hard to measure how much it will cost on QA, management and overall productivity in terms of reputation, public confidence and etc. If an Easter egg is not malicious, some people may even find it funny and harmless. But if a hidden functionality is malicious in nature, it is basically a timed bomb.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It = the testing effort to look for unexpected functionalities, one of the most effective ways to locate hidden functionalities is via exploratory testing. It comes down to estimate how much potential loss hidden functionalities can cause and how much effort you want to spend as well as how critical your software application is. As it is exploratory testing based, you need to take into account how experienced the testers are, the more experienced they are, the more effective an exploratory testing will be. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my personal experience:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Almost all hidden functionalities I have encountered so far are not malicious in nature; they were introduced by mistakes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T21:10:09.463" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T21:10:09.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28183" CreationDate="2017-06-30T19:53:03.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Undocumented features are BUGS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't matter whether the undocumented functionality appears harmful or not, it is still a bug for the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Because the functionality isn't documented, there is no traceability.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lack of documentation means that harmful consequences are much less likely to be found (if testers don't know it's there, they can't test it).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customers who find the functionality and use it may then be unhappy when a future release removes it (I've had to deal with this: it isn't fun).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Undocumented functionality complicates bug investigation. I've seen cases where a bug only showed up if a customer was using an undocumented configuration setting. Nobody knew which customer was using the setting so it took much longer to track down and reproduce their problems as a result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Undocumented functionality creates hidden features that hide from change logs. This makes it much harder to evaluate what has changed between releases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find undocumented functionality in my opinion your company has two choices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document the functionality and treat it as a real feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Treat the functionality as a bug and remove it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T19:53:03.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28143" CreationDate="2017-06-30T19:57:11.097" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit tests are better at isolating root causes of failures (as Peter Masiar pointed out in his answer). They are also more reliable and faster comparing to end-to-end tests. Mike Waker from Google explained that with lots of examples in &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Just Say No to More End-to-End Tests&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. There is also a lot of industry research going on how hard (and thus expensinve) is to maintain end-to-end stable. See for instance &lt;a href=&quot;http://uploads.pnsqc.org/2016/papers/12.WinningWithFlakyTestAutomation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Winning with Flaky Test Automation&quot;&lt;/a&gt; by Wayne Matthias Roseberry from Microsoft.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We  have noted similar problems in our team. Similarly too you, we had far too many end-to-end tests in some areas comparing to unit and component tests. At some point we had a policy to close user stories only when 100% percent of end-to-end tests were passing, but since the end-to-end tests were quite unstable, we had a long queue of stories waiting for green tests. This was driving devs nuts and they have decided to help us move part of end-to-end tests to unit/component-level tests. That was only part of the solution to handle unstable tests but fixed the problem in two ways. First, technically it limited the number of unstable tests. Secondly, devs got more involved in testing and we got more involved in unit/component-level tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-06-30T20:04:05.280" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T20:04:05.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28126" CreationDate="2017-06-30T20:06:33.977" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Often this situation happens to combine with a high pressure from management to get the product out, and they may not be receptive to QA telling them that it is unreleasable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make the best out of a bad situation, it is useful to &lt;strong&gt;find and follow through the fix for the bugs that most annoy the users&lt;/strong&gt;. This is easier if the software is used internally in the company or in some close partner companies, but one can try to seek out a few example users anywhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is surprising how well people can adapt to very buggy software when they have no choice. Just a few bug fixes can make a marked improvement even in a lousy piece of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26592" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T20:06:33.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28126" CreationDate="2017-06-30T21:05:33.617" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is Acceptance Tests. Your software should meet a baseline set of functionality (usually determined by the PO, but could be dev/QA combo) to be considered &quot;done&quot;, and thus ready for QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26594" LastActivityDate="2017-06-30T21:05:33.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28190" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28196" CreationDate="2017-06-30T23:12:07.717" Score="13" ViewCount="378" Body="&lt;p&gt;Last week, one permanent employee came over to my desk and bluntly told me that I was raising too many bugs in Jira. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A large number of bugs are putting him in a very difficult position as his manager wanted to cut down the number of bugs instead of seeing them increase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I resolve this situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19455" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-06T03:49:25.600" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T03:49:25.600" Title="How to handle a developer who misunderstands my bugs and feel there are too many" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28191" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-01T02:03:07.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://emberjs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ember.js&lt;/a&gt; is an advanced &lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/javascript&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;javascript&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;javascript&lt;/a&gt; MVC application framework distributed under an open source license.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T04:00:38.900" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T04:00:38.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28192" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-01T02:03:07.900" Score="0" Body="Ember.js is an MVC application framework written in JavaScript.  &#xD;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T04:00:49.283" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T04:00:49.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28174" CreationDate="2017-07-01T02:36:58.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like it might not be finding you aboutLink element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@FindBy(xpath = &quot;//li[@id='menu-item-1390']/a[contains(@href, 'about')]&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I always try and avoid using numbered items in my xpath, is it possible the 1390 changes? Also your xpath assumes that the link is child not a descendant of the li element. If there is another element between them that xpath would not work. Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24522" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T02:36:58.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-07-01T05:29:31.240" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot depends on how your management feels about tracking issues that won't get resolved in the short term, and maybe not ever.  This might not be a top priority for bug triaging, but do they want to build up information that a particular component appears to exhibit erratic behavior?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a developer, I want our code to be as deterministic as possible.  Having reproducible behavior helps a lot when tracking down more serious bugs.  For example, if a particular code checkin caused a particular behavior to change in a long-running test case, one of the things I will try to do is dump out logs of intermediate activity and data structure values for before and after versions of the code, and compare them to see where the behavior diverges.  It might be something as trivial as a minor change to a data structure that ultimately triggers bad behavior many minutes later.  But if there are lots of erratic differences in the intermediate behavior, even if they don't ultimately matter, it can be nearly impossible to see where the significant behavior diverges.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's one example of code that can change the order in which items are processed.  One thing we do a fair amount in our C++ code is to use STL sets to track if we have seen an object previously.  So we might have a &lt;code&gt;std::set&amp;lt;foo *&amp;gt; bar&lt;/code&gt;; containing the pointers to foo objects that we have seen.  Now sometimes a programmer wants to iterate over the items in that set.  What you don't want to do is iterate from &lt;code&gt;bar.begin()&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;bar.end()&lt;/code&gt;, as you might over some other STL containers.  The reason is that the items in the set will be ordered by the pointer value, so that another run of the code in which items are allocated elsewhere in memory could iterate in a different order.  Algorithmically, it might not matter - either way you iterate over all the items.  But if you want the intermediate results to be consistent, either you need to have the map sort by some other criteria, or you need to keep a parallel list or vector of seen pointers that you use for iteration.  Sometimes little differences in ordering like this can have big macro effects on the code, and cause intermittent bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26600" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T05:29:31.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28195" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28162" CreationDate="2017-07-01T09:12:08.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bugs that are hard to reproduce or rare, in the context of one company with limited employees, can become quite widely experienced when pushed into a world of thousands (or more) of users on all kinds of platforms, networks, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can cause serious reputation and legal issues (what happens if financial partners deem the company untrustworthy, or when the &quot;me too!&quot; tweets start to hit?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You haven't said where you are. But even if not legally required you might want to cover yourself. At a minimum, an email to heads of your 2 teams simply saying you have found this bug and due to seriousness, feel the need to let them know, due to possible implications. How exactly you word it, and who exactly to, is dependent on your exact company and culture. Urge them to reconsider the bug and implications, in calm professional terms, and ideally suggest a solution as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26602" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T09:12:08.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28190" CreationDate="2017-07-01T10:42:09.737" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should always try to do your job and perform good whenever it's possible. Unfortunately if you are finding issues (which is your job) that will always mean that developer/designer (or someone else) didn't complete task in a proper manner. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You shouldn't feel bad or guilty because you are doing what is asked from you. If the product is not good and you fail to report it, fault is entirely up to you because you didn't detect the flaw.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If the product is not good or ready (for some deadline), that means that project manager and people in charge didn't properly allocate the resources and enough people that could finish this job and in that case it's not again your responsibility. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Eventually if you see that problems is not solving quick enough, you can postpone reporting some very minor issues, to cover temporarily faults of another people but you should try to avoid this if it can backfire on you. &#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Try talking to that colleague and ask him for solution of the problem and see if you can help in any way that is in your job description (maybe to pinpoint issue, rather than detecting there is a issue). But if he only wants you to cover his inability to finish the task (to much work on him, not enough time or he is not good enough), than you will have issue with him but you need to stay transparent and focused on performing your job tasks no matter what. &#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Try talking with other colleagues to see if you can get information about previous situation how it was handled in the past and try to apply to this situation if possible or talk with your manager for guidance and advice.&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Either way there are too many variables in this situation and too little information for someone else outside your job to give you a proper advice but no matter what, you always should do the job that you are responsible for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26095" LastEditorUserId="26095" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T11:16:16.630" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T11:16:16.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28190" CreationDate="2017-07-01T10:56:37.143" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let your manager handle this, it is their job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would respond:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry, I will look into that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Talk to my manager, get his/her take on things.  Review if the bugs you are logging are valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's really it.  I do &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; recommend further talking to the employee involved because they need education and are not going to suddenly learn from a 1:1 conversation where they have already shown themselves to be  aggressive and ignorant - I mean that only technically, they may be the nicest person in the world socially.  A casual 1:1 at this point has high potential for an escalating argument.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bear in mind that their criticism could come from defending their personal work, &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; could come from feeling that the bugs are being logged are incorrect, regardless of developer who wrote the code, and should not be logged which is quite a different aspect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T11:01:55.227" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T11:01:55.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28183" CreationDate="2017-07-01T12:00:15.993" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to handle it?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, &#xA;I am assuming that the requirements have not been documented for this functionality.&#xA;So, proper requirement analysis+ impact analysis (on intended functionality) should be done before testing team can estimate for this hidden/undesired functionality under question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if the organization decides to go ahead with it then such functionality should go through the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A) &lt;strong&gt;Team should analyse the requirements to define the Scope of testing. So, that the testing team can have a clear distinction between a desired feature and a bug. Follow following steps:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;1.Document all the requirements&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;2.Proper impact analysis of this functionality on the existing application should be done and the impacted areas should be carefully identified. Document the impacted areas too.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;3.Clarify any open question/queries related to the  functionality with the customer. Maintain a query log.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;4.Finally, take sign-off from customer on requirements.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B) Testing, like every functionality, will have to be planned and performed for this new functionality. &lt;strong&gt;And now, as the testing team understands the scope of testing (defined in step (A)), they can plan better for the testing activities&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Testing team should also plan testing activities for impacted areas identified in Step(A)&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test plan to be updated to incorporate the new functionality.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be new risks, dependencies, any specific third party tools etc. that might be required to test this functionality. You might have to revisit the acceptance criteria too.*&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Planning and execution of manual testing of this functionality. Regression testing of impacted areas to be planned and executed. If, automated test scripts already exist for the application then regression won't be a costly affair.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Management need to have some developers on stand by to fix issues are reported during the testing of this new functionality and in the regression testing of impacted areas.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question: How much it will cost on QA, management and overall productivity of an application?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The unexpected functionality should be considered as a small testing project and should be estimated accordingly + cost of regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, QA will have to spend effort on Step (A) and Step (B) activities listed above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as productivity is concerned, I firmly believe that all this is being done in order to ensure that there is minimum impact on the productivity of application. And if well planned and executed, the impact on productivity would be minimum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as the cost on Management is concerned, I am not sure about it. Because management decisions have different grounds. I mean if they have already made a good profit from the project they might not mind spending on this functionality as a goodwill gesture to the customer. Or, if the customer is giving too much business, then the management still might have to go for it in order to retain the customer. So, there are different factors that affect the management decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-07-01T13:14:35.040" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T13:14:35.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28190" CreationDate="2017-07-01T12:58:54.837" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should start with a conversation with the developer to ask why he thinks there are too many bugs and see if there is a different approach possible.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you are reporting a similar bug/bugs with each new&#xA;build - perhaps consider helping the developer create a unit test or&#xA;check before he produces the build.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If he says that you are reporting many symptoms of the same&#xA;underlying bug, maybe the answer is grouping the symptoms into one&#xA;bug report, or to revise existing bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the product is truly that buggy, then the leaders (test &amp;amp; dev&#xA;managers) really should know and take more actions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, the goal is to produce great software, the bug reporting is an administrative process to help achieve that goal - don't let it get in the way of delivering great software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T12:58:54.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28201" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28213" CreationDate="2017-07-01T13:27:15.503" Score="0" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created an automated test using JUnit and selenium on ebay that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;navigates to page, logs in, searches for items, adds them to chart, navigates to cart page and counts the items from cart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything works fine but I have no clue how should a create a junit test that confirms that the test case is passing. Expected number of items from cart equals to &lt;code&gt;located_elements.size()&lt;/code&gt;, because everything depends on the cart page when the test case comes to end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    import java.util.List;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;    &#xA;    public class Ebay_06_Login_BuyItNow_Add_3_ItemsToBasket_Checkout {&#xA;        public static void main(String[] args){&#xA;    //NAVIGATE TO PAGE&#xA;            &#xA;            System.setProperty(&amp;quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;D:\\work\\Selenium\\Chrome_Driver\\chromedriver.exe&amp;quot;);&#xA;            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;            driver.get(&amp;quot;https://www.ebay.com&amp;quot;);&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;            &#xA;    //LOG IN&#xA;            &#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//*[@id=\&amp;quot;gh-ug\&amp;quot;]/a&amp;quot;)).click();                                                                       // click sign in button&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;(//input[@type='text'][@placeholder='Email or username'])&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(&amp;quot;name@yahoo.com&amp;quot;);       //find user field and enter user&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;(//input[@type='password'][@placeholder='Password'][@class='fld'])&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(&amp;quot;testautomation123!&amp;quot;);  //find password field and enter password&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;sgnBt&amp;quot;)).click();                                                                                         //click &amp;quot;sign in&amp;quot; button&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;(//div[@class='m_t10'])&amp;quot;)).click();                                                                    //click &amp;quot;maybe later&amp;quot; button&#xA;            &#xA;    //SEARCH FOR ITEM&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;gh-ac&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(&amp;quot;BMW E30 M3 1/43 scale&amp;quot;);                                                               //find search field&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//input[@type='submit'][@class='btn btn-prim gh-spr']&amp;quot;)).click();                                      //click &amp;quot;search&amp;quot; button&#xA;            &#xA;            &#xA;    //ADD 1st ITEM FROM &amp;quot;BUY IT NOW&amp;quot; RESULTS LIST TO BASKET&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//a[@class='small cbx btn btn-s btn-ter tab tgl_button last_b'][@title='Buy It Now']&amp;quot;)).click();       //&amp;quot;buy it now&amp;quot; items already selected from previous search&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//li[@class='sresult lvresult clearfix li'][@r='1']//div[@class='lvpic pic img left']&amp;quot;)).click();      //select 1st item from results list&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;isCartBtn_btn&amp;quot;)).click();                                                                                 //add to cart&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;contShoppingBtn&amp;quot;)).click();                                                                               //continue shopping button&#xA;    &#xA;            System.out.println(&amp;quot;1st item from results list successfully ADDED TO BASKET&amp;quot;);&#xA;            &#xA;    //SEARCH FOR 2nd ITEM&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;gh-ac&amp;quot;)).clear();                                                                                         //clear the field in order to perform new search&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;gh-ac&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(&amp;quot;BMW E46 M3 1/43 scale&amp;quot;);                                                               //find search field&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//input[@type='submit'][@class='btn btn-prim gh-spr']&amp;quot;)).click();                                      //click &amp;quot;search&amp;quot; button&#xA;    &#xA;            &#xA;    //ADD 2nd ITEM FROM &amp;quot;BUY IT NOW&amp;quot; RESULTS LIST TO BASKET&#xA;                                                                                                                                                //&amp;quot;buy it now&amp;quot; already selected from previous search    &#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//li[@class='sresult lvresult clearfix li'][@r='1']//div[@class='lvpic pic img left']&amp;quot;)).click();      //select 1st item from results list&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;isCartBtn_btn&amp;quot;)).click();                                                                                 //add to cart&#xA;                                                                    &#xA;            System.out.println(&amp;quot;2nd item from results list successfully ADDED TO BASKET&amp;quot;);&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;                List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; located_elements = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//div[contains(@id, 'sellerBucket')]&amp;quot;));                      //check total number of items added to cart by counting them&#xA;                System.out.println(&amp;quot;Total number of items in cart are: &amp;quot; +located_elements.size());&#xA;            &#xA;    //      driver.quit();&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26453" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-09-08T13:23:16.840" LastActivityDate="2020-09-08T13:23:16.840" Title="Unable to confirm a JUnit passing result" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-07-01T18:09:40.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Intermittent bugs are really bad and can break a company if the customers experience them (from my own experience.) Log the bug in the tracker as intermittent. It helps the company because it may be some time before someone spots a trend that points to the underlying problem.&#xA;Further (different) testing may highlight other interesting code behaviour that helps to identify the reason for the first bug. &#xA;It is important to check however, that the problem is not caused by your test. Try to rewrite it, reconsidering all possible inputs to the code.&#xA;If you are sure and colleagues still seem uninterested or make fun, ask them if intermittent bugs can be caused by uninitialised variables. I am not saying that that is the cause of your bug but it should at least get your colleagues talking about the problem rather than ignoring the test result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T18:09:40.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28203" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28126" CreationDate="2017-07-01T18:31:26.327" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An automated test is also an application that has a set of requirements, a design, and a delivery date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the time wisely to continue developing the test application, because if the SW team do fix their bugs just one day before delivery, it will still be expected that you can run your tests and give the ok. Keep everyone regularly appraised of the test result status - not just x% of tests passed but also a &lt;em&gt;breakdown of the application under test into sub-components&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that way, everyone knows where the hotspots in the project are.  Whilst there is little value for the SW team in running tests that rely on other code working, it may help you to improve your test application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26607" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2020-12-18T14:50:30.167" LastActivityDate="2020-12-18T14:50:30.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28204" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28214" CreationDate="2017-07-01T18:34:41.850" Score="20" ViewCount="7986" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Having flaky tests that sometimes fail and sometimes pass is very frustrating:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there is no single reason each of the flaky tests fail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the failures don't seem to happen to real users using the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it requires a lot of attention and time to dig into the test failures and try to come up with a fix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they slow the development&amp;amp;testing process down&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they produce false positives - tests that fail without an actual problem but rather because of timing, network, visual effect issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it often results in disabling flaky tests in order to move forward because of lack of time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are the general strategies to handle flaky tests?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;If context is needed: we are using Protractor/WebDriverJS for end-to-end browser automatedUI testing.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T14:47:45.080" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T14:47:45.080" Title="How to deal with flaky tests that have intermittent failures?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;intermittent-failures&gt;&lt;flaky&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28204" CreationDate="2017-07-01T18:54:03.160" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a good general purpose article that deals with flaky tests: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://semaphoreci.com/community/tutorials/how-to-deal-with-and-eliminate-flaky-tests&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://semaphoreci.com/community/tutorials/how-to-deal-with-and-eliminate-flaky-tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we find is that with image-driven testing tools (Sikuli, Kantu, Testplant...) flaky tests are easier to diagnose, as the screenshots tell you more easily what goes wrong, as opposed to dissecting HAR files and other network traces. But it still happens. So our approach is to move flaky Selenium tests to Kantu, and flaky Kantu tests to Selenium. This usually eliminates the problem as Selenium tests fail more for timing and network reasons, and image-driven tests fail typically for CSS/font/resolution issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More general: Use more than one testing tool for a &quot;second opinion&quot;. Usually a test is only flaky in one tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26503" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T18:54:03.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28190" CreationDate="2017-07-01T19:56:50.883" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Everyone has very well explained, how you should handle this scenario. And trust me; at some point almost every tester come across similar situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So, my suggestion is:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Don't get upset about it. And don't get discouraged. Keep yourself motivated.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Ideally,  project team (which includes both developers and testers) is responsible for delivering high quality end product. So, QA should not be discouraged from raising bugs. Even if he is not logging bugs in a particular way, then message should be passed politely ensuring that QA doesn't get discouraged.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a QA friend who faced similar situation. He talked to his manager about it.  Manager reviewed the defects logged by him and suggested to club the similar bugs into 1. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My friend was doing a great job and reporting everything that was valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, after this incident, he changed a lot. He would quickly give up any discussion around bugs with the development team, instead of bringing in logical points in the discussion.  Sometimes, he would give in to the pressure from developers and even once closed the bugs under pressure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These things are not good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, just wanted to share this with you. Whatever happens, just stay strong and keep reporting bugs as you have always done so far. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to do your job whether this particular developer like it or not. &#xA;And from my experience of working with developers, I can confidently tell you that good developers always encourage the tester to raise bugs. I have instances where even developers ask you to log a bug if they see any unexpected behavior. And this is how it should be. &lt;strong&gt;The end goal for both developers and testers is to improve the quality together&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T19:56:50.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28204" CreationDate="2017-07-01T20:55:09.153" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I normally follow this flowchart when dealing with a flaky test in general. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nEslX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nEslX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-07-01T20:55:09.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28209" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28212" CreationDate="2017-07-02T02:38:40.290" Score="2" ViewCount="602" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have both automated and manual tests for our actively developed application. A regular Jira workflow in our case is something like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Open -&amp;gt; In Development -&amp;gt; In Testing -&amp;gt; In Automation -&amp;gt; Resolved&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From release to release, we are usually behind in automating the new features and fixes. But, we do, of course, cover the new features with manual tests and test scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leads me to the actual question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you keep track of what functionality/features/screens/pages/fixes of the application are covered by an automated test and what are not?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ideal situation would be to be able to see, at any given point in time, what parts of the application are covered with manual tests scenarios and what parts are covered with automated tests. Currently, we are trying to use a simple spreadsheet in a &quot;checklist&quot; style format, but it is not readable, scalable and maintainable at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-02T02:47:52.877" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T07:47:26.557" Title="Documenting application test coverage" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28209" CreationDate="2017-07-02T05:17:01.753" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach for tracking automated test coverage:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers first write manual test cases. Each test case template has standard columns.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add two more columns::&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated?&lt;/strong&gt; (with &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; options)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sub field &lt;strong&gt;AutomatedScriptID&lt;/strong&gt; appears, if &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is selected in above field)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Revisited?&lt;/strong&gt; (with &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not Applicable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; options). Default value is &lt;strong&gt;Not Applicable&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once manual test cases have been created and complete requirement coverage has been ensured, automation testers start updating the manual test case sheet and select the value for &lt;strong&gt;Automated?&lt;/strong&gt; field for which &lt;strong&gt;the default value is No&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; is selected in &lt;strong&gt;Automated?&lt;/strong&gt; field, automation tester has to mention the automated script id in &lt;strong&gt;AutomatedScriptID&lt;/strong&gt; field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now, as the testers test the functionality, sometimes test cases fail because of bugs. Test team mention the BugId in Comments column (which is part of every standard testing template) and fail the test case. And also sets the &lt;strong&gt;Revisited?&lt;/strong&gt; column to &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This &lt;strong&gt;Revisited?&lt;/strong&gt; column will be updated by automation testers only. Even if the manual test case passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now even if all the test cases have passed during manual testing. It can clearly be identified that there are test cases that need to be revisited by the automation testers as they might have to update automation scripts because of the code changes made in order to fix the bugs reported for those test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once the automation testers revisits a test case that had associated bugs, he checks the corresponding &lt;strong&gt;AutomatedScriptId&lt;/strong&gt; and analyze it if any change in the script is required on not. And then he takes the appropriate action. After that, the &lt;strong&gt;Revisited?&lt;/strong&gt; column is set to &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;; which means that the corresponding automation script is up to date now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Charts&lt;/strong&gt; are created on the first sheet to show:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A. What all test cases have been covered/not covered/partially covered by automation testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;B. How many test cases are pending to be revisited by the automation testers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Using this data, one can create more charts as per your project needs.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Benefits:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;At any point in time, the team is aware of the status of complete coverage of test cases in manual scripts and complete tracking is taken care of.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Drawbacks:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If using excel, &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;automation tester has to be informed&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; that a particular manual test case have failed because of bugs. But, if the team moves to some tool, this is taken care of as the tools sends a notification to the team as soon as any new bug is created or test case fails. So, all the stakeholders are updated. Some of our testing teams are using &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jira&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and they are fine with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T06:19:55.170" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28211" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28543" CreationDate="2017-07-02T07:00:30.743" Score="4" ViewCount="414" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thought to ask this question while answering another question about automated test coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our management, is planning to get rid of manual test cases &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; completely.  And has started implementing below approach in some of the projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will later explain what do I mean by &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; Most of the project in the organization are being implemented using Agile methodologies (mainly scrum).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here is what the management suggested:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The development and QA team go through the requirements (in user stories) and discuss the wireframes/mock ups (if applicable). The development team will plan and finalize the object ids which they will share with the testing team (development team need to do it in first 1 or 2 days when they start coding).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing team will analyze the requirements and start writing automation scripts using the object ids shared by the development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each team will have some manual testers too (I am not sure about the exact figure but around 20% of the total testing team)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as soon as a requirement is ready for QA, automation testers will check if all the identifiers are same as shared by development team. If not, then the tester will have to update the identifiers wherever required (because developers might have faced challenges while coding and have changed the identifiers in some cases).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With these minimal changes, automation test suite is ready for execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, there might be some scenarios that cannot be covered by automation testing. So, manual testers will write test cases to cover such scenarios during manual testing. And we also want to have testers who test the look and feel of the application, usability testing and do some ad-hoc testing. &#xA;That's why I wrote &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; earlier.&#xA;Even during the time when automation testers are updating the scripts; manual testers can quickly do some high level testing during that period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I am in a dilemma regarding this approach. Because realistically, in agile projects, testers get very little time for testing (at least in some of the companies I know). Developers mostly end up taking more time than planned and testing window is squeezed. So, I am not sure if there will be enough time to update the automation scripts and do everything as per new approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, just thought of discussing with comrades in this community  to get their point of view on this approach. &#xA;If this is good or not. Or if you can suggest any changes in order to improve or further streamline it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-07-02T22:16:34.097" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T23:55:33.187" Title="How to respond to a suggestion from management to stop writing manual test cases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28209" CreationDate="2017-07-02T07:47:26.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The ideal situation would be to be able to see, at any given point in time, what parts of the application are covered with manual tests scenarios and what parts are covered with automated tests. Currently, we are trying to use a simple spreadsheet in a &quot;checklist&quot; style format, but it is not readable, scalable and maintainable at all.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trello is a good option for testing management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;what parts of the application are covered with manual tests scenarios and what parts are covered with automated tests.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Using Trello, you can assign manual tests and automated tests under different column; moreover, you can color code them for easier visual identification. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;readable, scalable and maintainable at all.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Comparing with a simple Excel sheet, Trello offers a better presentation for easier readability. You can add as many cards/columns to Trello as you need to, this takes care of scalability. Trello offers a range of actions such as batch delete, copy and etc, I have found it relatively easy to be maintained.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Member function&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: With each card/task, you can assign none or all members of your team to it. If you are subscribed to a card, you will get an email whenever its status changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Checklist function&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: You can create a checklist for each card; this adds one additional depth to task management.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Browser-based&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: You no longer need to install Excel application to a PC, anyone can access it from anywhere anytime.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;User privilege hierarchy included&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: A member can be assigned as the team leader, only this team leader can perform actions such as card deletion. You may find this feature helpful from a managerial point of view.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plugin compatible&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: Trello is supported by its community, many plugins are free to use. Some of them are specifically for programmers, such as burndown charts and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cost&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: It is free.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RfRSh.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RfRSh.png&quot; alt=&quot;Trello board for testing management&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T07:47:26.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28201" CreationDate="2017-07-02T08:38:51.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to assert the locatedelements.size() with expected:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert.assertEquals(located_elements.size(), xxx); &#xA;//Replace xxx with the number of elements you expect&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26618" LastEditorUserId="26309" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T01:59:53.543" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T01:59:53.543" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28214" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28204" CreationDate="2017-07-02T10:24:51.063" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's the general approach we're currently implementing in our team:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measure flakiness&lt;/strong&gt; to identify unstable tests. One way is to move suspected tests from the main deployment pipeline into quarantine, repeat execution of those tests multiple times for the same environment conditions and choose tests that were producing mixed results (see Martin Fowler's &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/articles/nonDeterminism.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eradicating Non-Determinism in Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fix bad test code&lt;/strong&gt;. This includes fixing obvious bugs and changing test design. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Obvious bugs in tests relate to: lack of isolation, asynchronous behaviour, remote service, time issues, resource leaks and global states. See Martin Fowler's &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/articles/nonDeterminism.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eradicating Non-Determinism in Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; for explanation of those issues. There's also more detailed analysis of root causes and possible fixes in the academic paper &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mir.cs.illinois.edu/~qluo2/fse14LuoHEM.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;An Empirical Analysis of Flaky Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anti-patterns in test design include &lt;em&gt;inverted test pyramid&lt;/em&gt; when the team relies primarily on end-to-end tests, using few integration tests and even fewer unit tests. End-to-end tests tend to be not only less stable (and thus less reliable) but also slower and harder at isolating root causes of failures. See &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Just Say No to More End-to-End Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; from Google Testing Blog for more details on that. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There's also evidence that the larger the test, the more likely it will be flaky. Also that certain tools correlate with a higher rate of flaky tests. For example, WebDriver tests (whether written in Java, Python, or JavaScript) have a reputation for being flaky (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2017/04/where-do-our-flaky-tests-come-from.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Where do our flaky tests come from?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; from Google Testing Blog). Common solutions to those problems are: do less in the test, shift from out of proc to in-proc and shift from end-to-end to component and unit tests (see &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://uploads.pnsqc.org/2016/papers/12.WinningWithFlakyTestAutomation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winning with Flaky Test Automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; from Microsoft for explanation of those solutions).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use flaky tests for bugs discovery&lt;/strong&gt;. Automated tests have two purposes: gateway control and finding new bugs. Gateway control is to verify whether a commit can be included or a build can be deployed to a test environment or a product can be released. Gateway control requires stable and fast tests. Unstable end-to-end tests are not fitting here, although they are good at finding more bugs. However, their results require more analysis because, as OP noted, many bugs found with flaky tests can be false positive. &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://uploads.pnsqc.org/2016/papers/12.WinningWithFlakyTestAutomation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winning with Flaky Test Automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; from Microsoft discusses details of this technique. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T09:37:41.480" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T09:37:41.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27560" CreationDate="2017-07-02T11:30:18.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also faced similar problem,Now what I will do is put debugger in catch block and drag it up if any case fails. Also we can use JavaScript to validate web element interactions. Something like &lt;code&gt;document.getElementById(&quot;id&quot;).click()&lt;/code&gt; from browser console.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26618" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-02T13:04:33.260" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T13:04:33.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28217" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-02T12:52:25.100" Score="4" ViewCount="12846" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find first fridge IMG element in a e-Commerce  page but I could not find it alone, It's identifying all Images under First DIV.. Please share you thoughts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried below XPATH, is there any way identify first image element uniquely &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@class='_1UoZlX'][1]//img[1]&lt;/code&gt;  -- 7 elements identified&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;(//a[@class='_1UoZlX'])[1]//IMG[1]&lt;/code&gt;  -- 2 elements identified&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flipkart.com/search?as=off&amp;amp;as-show=on&amp;amp;otracker=start&amp;amp;p%5B%5D=facets.capacity%255B%255D%3D251%2B-%2B300%2BL&amp;amp;p%5B%5D=facets.type%255B%255D%3DDouble%2BDoor&amp;amp;p%5B%5D=facets.discount_range_v1%255B%255D%3D20%2525%2Bor%2BMore&amp;amp;p%5B%5D=sort%3Dprice_asc&amp;amp;q=Refrigerator&amp;amp;sid=j9e%2Fabm%2Fhzg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Link Here&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or HTML code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;GQtpzo&quot; data-reactid=&quot;80&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_15eYWX&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-empty: 2131 --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;GSPgJx&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1joEet&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1HEvv0&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;_1KHd47&quot; href=&quot;/&quot;&amp;gt;Home&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;svg width=&quot;16&quot; height=&quot;27&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 16 27&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&quot; class=&quot;_2XP0B_&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;path d=&quot;M16 23.207L6.11 13.161 16 3.093 12.955 0 0 13.161l12.955 13.161z&quot; fill=&quot;#fff&quot; class=&quot;_24NaUy&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/svg&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1HEvv0&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;_1KHd47&quot; href=&quot;/home-kitchen/pr?sid=j9e&quot;&amp;gt;Home &amp;amp;amp; Kitchen&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;svg width=&quot;16&quot; height=&quot;27&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 16 27&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&quot; class=&quot;_2XP0B_&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;path d=&quot;M16 23.207L6.11 13.161 16 3.093 12.955 0 0 13.161l12.955 13.161z&quot; fill=&quot;#fff&quot; class=&quot;_24NaUy&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/svg&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1HEvv0&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;_1KHd47&quot; href=&quot;/home-kitchen/home-appliances/pr?sid=j9e,abm&quot;&amp;gt;Home Appliances&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;svg width=&quot;16&quot; height=&quot;27&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 16 27&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&quot; class=&quot;_2XP0B_&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;path d=&quot;M16 23.207L6.11 13.161 16 3.093 12.955 0 0 13.161l12.955 13.161z&quot; fill=&quot;#fff&quot; class=&quot;_24NaUy&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/svg&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1HEvv0&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;_1KHd47&quot; href=&quot;/home-kitchen/home-appliances/refrigerators/pr?sid=j9e,abm,hzg&quot;&amp;gt;Refrigerators&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;svg width=&quot;16&quot; height=&quot;27&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 16 27&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&quot; class=&quot;_2XP0B_&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;path d=&quot;M16 23.207L6.11 13.161 16 3.093 12.955 0 0 13.161l12.955 13.161z&quot; fill=&quot;#fff&quot; class=&quot;_24NaUy&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/svg&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;KG9X1F&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;h1 class=&quot;_1ZODb3&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Showing &#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;1&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt; – &#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;4&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt; of &#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;4&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt; results for &quot;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;W-gt5y&quot;&amp;gt;refrigerator&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_92OsvN _1AXZMV&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_2Z12CV&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;section class=&quot;_2_hjz5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;_1No1qI&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Sort By&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;_3fPYHw&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_2Ylh8t&quot;&amp;gt;Relevance&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_2Ylh8t&quot;&amp;gt;Popularity&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_2Ylh8t _3q0Dpv&quot;&amp;gt;Price -- Low to High&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_2Ylh8t&quot;&amp;gt;Price -- High to Low&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_2Ylh8t&quot;&amp;gt;Newest First&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_2Ylh8t&quot;&amp;gt;Discount&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/section&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_2SxMvQ&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_3T_wwx&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col _2-gKeQ&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;_1UoZlX&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; href=&quot;/godrej-260-l-frost-free-double-door-refrigerator/p/itmekwxweqzygpuf?pid=RFREKWXW4YE6RYNZ&amp;amp;amp;srno=s_1_1&amp;amp;amp;otracker=search&amp;amp;amp;lid=LSTRFREKWXW4YE6RYNZWKUE1E&amp;amp;amp;qH=9ed5270571c7d513&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_3SQWE6&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1OCn9C&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_3BTv9X&quot; style=&quot;height: 200px; width: 200px;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img class=&quot;_1Nyybr _30XEf0 xh-highlight&quot; alt=&quot;Godrej 260 L Frost Free Double Door Refrigerator&quot; src=&quot;https://rukminim1.flixcart.com/image/312/312/refrigerator-new/y/n/z/godrej-rt-eon-260-p-2-4-original-imaekyfqptszbdwr.jpeg?q=70&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-empty: 2195 --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_2lesQu&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_2VmCve _1pNWV5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;_1nUZxV&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_2kFyHg&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; 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class=&quot;_2oLiqr&quot; width=&quot;16&quot; height=&quot;16&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 10 18&quot; preserveAspectRatio=&quot;xMinYMax meet&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;path d=&quot;M7.695 15.35C3.06 11.14 0 8.356 0 4.958 0 2.172 2.178 0 4.95 0 6.516 0 9.164 1.764 9 2.91 9.164 1.763 11.484 0 13.05 0 15.822 0 18 2.172 18 4.958c0 3.398-3.06 6.183-7.695 10.392L9 16.54l-1.305-1.19z&quot; class=&quot;_35Y7Yo&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/path&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/svg&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1-2Iqu row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col col-7-12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_3wU53n&quot;&amp;gt;Godrej 260 L Frost Free Double Door Refrigerator&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;OiPjke&quot;&amp;gt;RT EON 260 P 2.4, Silver Strokes, 2016&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;niH0FQ&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;productRating_LSTRFREKWXW4YE6RYNZWKUE1E&quot; 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9 Years on the Compressor&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col col-5-12 _2o7WAb&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_6BWGkk&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1uv9Cb&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_1vC4OE _2rQ-NK&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2469 --&amp;gt;₹&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2470 --&amp;gt;31,499&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_3auQ3N _2GcJzG&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2472 --&amp;gt;₹&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2473 --&amp;gt;40,000&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;VGWI6T&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2475 --&amp;gt;21&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2476 --&amp;gt;% off&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_3n6o0t&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img height=&quot;21&quot; src=&quot;//img1a.flixcart.com/www/linchpin/fk-cp-zion/img/fa_8b4b59.png&quot; class=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_3rwXI6&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Up to &#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;_2xjzPG&quot;&amp;gt;₹3,200&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt; Off on Exchange&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;_3MCpsc&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2486 --&amp;gt;EMI starting from &#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;_1JT2XE&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2488 --&amp;gt;₹&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2489 --&amp;gt;1077&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- react-text: 2490 --&amp;gt;/month&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- /react-text --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;OPF9v4 _2WQngC&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;_1xZuAn&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Offers&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;_3U7997&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;_1ZRRx1&quot;&amp;gt;Bank Offer&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastEditorUserId="19411" LastEditDate="2017-07-02T13:38:54.517" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T10:01:41.000" Title="Find first IMG element using XPATH" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28217" CreationDate="2017-07-02T13:28:10.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not use the &lt;code&gt;_1UoZIX&lt;/code&gt; identifier.  It's generated on the fly (dynamically) and changes over time.  It also has no semantic meaning, doesn't say fridge at all&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting to the 'first search result image' element generically, i.e. first result and not just when it is that fridge... is going to be a challenge given the layout.  One approach that might work is (pseudo code) a locator that is something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div a[@href='/']/img[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. find the main div based on the home anchor within it and then look for the second image within that div.  I don't like this much but this is due to the page structure presented.  Some version of this may work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, unless you use relative addressing I prefer css locators for readability and compactness, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div a[href=''] img:nth-child(2)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case the CSS identifier is longer but that is fairly unusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T10:01:41.000" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T10:01:41.000" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28217" CreationDate="2017-07-02T14:09:05.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; list = driver.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;img&quot;));&#xA; string aa = list[0].GetAttribute(&quot;src&quot;).ToString();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to do somthing like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T14:09:05.657" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28217" CreationDate="2017-07-02T15:23:36.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This will get you the first result's img element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(//a[@class='_1UoZlX']//img)[1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly though, this is a rat's nest from hell. If I were you I'd have a serious discussion with the developers about getting some tags in there that you can actually rely on. Right now there's very little in that page that can be located reliably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T15:23:36.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28217" CreationDate="2017-07-02T17:09:00.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would just let Selenium find the first &lt;code&gt;img&lt;/code&gt; element - no need to do it via &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt; manually:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement firstImage = driver.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;img&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, if you want to do it in the scope of the desired &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement firstImage = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;a._1UoZlX img&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T17:09:00.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28222" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28204" CreationDate="2017-07-02T20:27:28.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like to setup a re-run strategy, where we rerun any tests that has failed, until it fails three times in a row. If the test is still failing after two times it will be a real failing test and not something caused by network, timing, browser or other infrastructural issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still you should record/log the flaky-ness of the tests as sometimes it is a really issue that users might run into. So always research your flaky tests once in a while, but with the rerun strategy you can postpone this until you have some time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For protractor have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/NickTomlin/protractor-flake&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;protractor-flake&lt;/a&gt;, which might help to re-run your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Random fails will result in losing faith in test suite. Make sure you take time to come-up with a good fix. Either write it down as technical-debt or stop everything else and fix it right away.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like other already said minimise on the end-2-end tests as they have the highest flakiness ratio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2016/05/flaky-tests-at-google-and-how-we.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://testing.googleblog.com/2016/05/flaky-tests-at-google-and-how-we.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-07-02T20:27:28.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28223" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28155" CreationDate="2017-07-03T04:50:56.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can consider &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;, JMeter is free, open source, multiprotocol modular load testing tool. You don't need to possess a lot of skills to start using it as JMeter is GUI-based and well-documented. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no out-of-box Cassandra support, however you can add it via the relevant &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Netflix/CassJMeter/wiki/getting_started&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cassandra Plugin&lt;/a&gt;. You will be able to perform CRUD operations via Cassandra Put, Cassandra Get, Cassandra Delete, etc. samplers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KqkA0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KqkA0.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Cassandra support&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cassandra JMeter plugin can be installed using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PluginsManager/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Eg8c.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Eg8c.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Cassandra Support Plugins Manager&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load test results can be visualized via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML Reporting Dashboard&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can quickly ramp-up in JMeter enrolling into &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/learn-jmeter-for-free-launching-the-jmeter-academy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Academy&lt;/a&gt; course, it should take only few hours to get ready for creating load tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T04:50:56.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28099" CreationDate="2017-07-03T04:53:17.617" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only way to become an expert in performance testing is doing performance testing (something like the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outliers_(book)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;10-000 hours rule&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember one main thing: performance testing is not limited to mastering one or several tools as creating and running a load test only a tip of the iceberg, in fact the stage where you have load test results is where performance testers work actually begins as you need to interpret these results and figure out &lt;a href=&quot;http://hd-performance.blogspot.com/2010/05/saturation-point.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;saturation point&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.performancetestingfun.com/bottlenecks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bottleneck&lt;/a&gt;, root cause and what needs to be done to resolve it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming all above you need to have comprehensive experience in many fields, i.e. different operating systems, application and web servers, databases, APM and Profiling tools, networking, and so on. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/ultimate-competence-matrix-performance-testers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Ultimate Competence Matrix for Performance Testers&lt;/a&gt; for above (and more) required skills listed and explained. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T04:53:17.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28227" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28229" CreationDate="2017-07-03T06:46:33.870" Score="2" ViewCount="813" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the WinappDriver for Appium, I have the following method on &lt;code&gt;WindowsElement&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;FindElementsByWindowsUIAutomation()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have searched for documentation on what this selector is and can do, but I hardly found relevant hits for the term itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody offer some help?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;FWIW: there is, for example, something similar for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium/issues/2639&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-ios uiautomation (obsolete)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2020-03-06T22:06:59.487" Title="What are &quot;-windows uiautomation&quot; selectors?" Tags="&lt;appium&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28228" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-03T07:07:21.380" Score="3" ViewCount="800" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I read some article it said &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.joedog.org/siege-faq/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Siege&lt;/a&gt; tool can accept 800 users concurrently. If so how can I simulate 1000 or 2000 users concurrently. Do I need more machines or can I run using multiple terminals?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when I run siege on multiple terminal  &lt;code&gt;-c500-d5&lt;/code&gt;  500 hits for every 5 seconds, at a time I run on the 2 terminal,  but found that First terminal is running fine and other terminal gets fail,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T10:39:29.700" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T08:52:50.810" Title="Does Siege tool only accept 800 users at once?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;siege&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28227" CreationDate="2017-07-03T08:35:46.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;UI Automation (often refered to as UIA) relates to a set of interfaces designed to allow one programs to interact with or to control another via the screen, keyboard and mouse. The intention is to allow programs such as screen readers and alternatives to keyboard and mouse to be used with (almost) any application. Hence most applications can be used by people with impaired vision or dexterity problems (or more crudely put: people with disabilities).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft also support the MSAA interface (Microsoft Active Accessibility) which is an older interface with the same goals. MSAA was released with Windows 95 and UIA with Vindows Vista. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_UI_Automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for more about both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having got the UIA or MSAA interfaces to an application, other programs can interact with it. This includes automated testing. Test systems such as Microsoft's Coded UI use the UIA and MSAA interfaces of an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the Microsoft application developement frameworks (such as Windows Forms, WPF and MFC) provide proper support for either MSAA or UIA. The problem is with custom controls. They need to include support for UIA or MSAA otherwise they will not work with the screen readers etc. I have not found any good documentation on how to write the required support code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T08:35:46.947" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28230" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28299" CreationDate="2017-07-03T09:39:35.390" Score="1" ViewCount="935" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to fix Jmeter Assertion Failure when element is not passing in response&#xA;ex: if element is not passing how to set some something to check this because it is not a actual Failure ? like if else... so on&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4YtJc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4YtJc.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T12:37:33.963" Title="How to fix Jmeter Assertion Failure when element is not passing in response" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-03T11:47:21.590" Score="1" ViewCount="3883" Body="&lt;p&gt;My primary focus will be to make API Calls and to verify Status Code and Json response.If you know any library which makes this task easier please answer.&#xA;As of now I am using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Postman-Newman&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apache HTTPClient &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jackson &amp;amp; Gson Parser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RestAssured&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18454" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T11:48:07.203" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T15:27:43.043" Title="What are the good java Frameworks/Libraries for REST API Automation Testing?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-07-04T20:49:50.713" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28232" CreationDate="2017-07-03T12:01:42.003" Score="2" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://square.github.io/retrofit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Retrofit&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://square.github.io/okhttp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OkHttp&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;curl&lt;/a&gt; command line tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T12:01:42.003" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28228" CreationDate="2017-07-03T12:56:02.460" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.joedog.org/siege-faq/#a16&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Siege FAQ&lt;/a&gt; there is nothing to conclude it has a maximum of concurrent users, it does offer some advice, but not on increasing the load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Keep in mind that -c256 -d1 translates to roughly 47,000 unique&#xA;  visitors per day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each physical machine will have a certain limit based on CPU, Memory and number of network sockets. Technically a single machine could handle 10K+ connections, in &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/651665/how-many-socket-connections-possible&quot;&gt;this question talks about 1,6 million simultaneous sockets connections&lt;/a&gt; on a pretty heavy machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Opening more terminals will probably not let you increase the number of connections on a single machines. You could just increase the &lt;code&gt;-c&lt;/code&gt; number, until the machine gives an &quot;Error: system resources exhausted&quot; error or something similar. Experiment with what your machine can handle. Alternatively just try it and find out or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/JoeDog/siege/issues&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ask the same question to the developers at GitHub-issues&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need more load with Siege I think you should just get more physical or cloud-machines to run it on, just start some scripts at the same time. Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/duncs/clusterssh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clustershh&lt;/a&gt; to send the same command to multiple machines at the same time if timing is important for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2019-02-14T08:52:50.810" LastActivityDate="2019-02-14T08:52:50.810" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28230" CreationDate="2017-07-03T13:10:42.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to check that your &lt;code&gt;${OfferSubTitle}&lt;/code&gt; JMeter Variable value equals to &lt;code&gt;Not Found&lt;/code&gt; (in other words, how to make your current assertion not to fail) you need to use the following &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apply to: JMeter Variable -&gt; &lt;code&gt;OfferSubTitle&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pattern Matching Rules: &lt;code&gt;Equals&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Patterns to Test: &lt;code&gt;Not Found&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HItwf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/HItwf.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Response Assertion Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your target is different first of all I would recommend validating &lt;code&gt;${OfferSubTitle}&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;${subtitle_1}&lt;/code&gt; variables values via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Debug_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debug Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener combination. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-debug-your-apache-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Debug your Apache JMeter Script&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on JMeter test scripts troubleshooting. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T13:10:42.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28105" CreationDate="2017-07-03T13:17:44.157" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The nice thing of TypeScript you do not have to migrate at once. TypeScript is a superset and can parse plain JavaScript as well. You can keep your old code and start using TypeScript for new code or just some features. Read &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/news/2017/04/going-typescript-slack&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this story&lt;/a&gt; about gradually switching at Slack:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;One of the reasons why the Slack team chose TypeScript is its being a&#xA;  superset of JavaScript, making it possible to adopt it without&#xA;  changing a single line of code and then gradually enabling its code&#xA;  analysis features and including the type definitions available for&#xA;  many popular packages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/news/2017/04/going-typescript-slack&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.infoq.com/news/2017/04/going-typescript-slack&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pro's&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have you multiple developers you might benefit from having static-types in your pageObjects for example.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the developers use TypeScript everywhere else in the project I would switch, as it minimises context switching of the languages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easier to build decoupled code with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/interfaces.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;interfaces&lt;/a&gt;, could be handy on large complex test-code-bases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better syntax completion, due to types the IDE knows all it properties and methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Con's&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add's an extra layer of complexity, extra build steps, more things that can go wrong.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not sure the types are of real added value in tests. Test code &quot;checks&quot; itself, if the code does not work the test will fail. Which means you will need check what is going on anyways.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Googling will be harder as not a lot of users use TypeScript. This always holds me back to switch to less popular frameworks. (only &lt;a href=&quot;https://insights.stackoverflow.com/survey/2017#technology-programming-languages&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;9.5% of the developers use it&lt;/a&gt; in the SO-2017 survey.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When should I use TypeScript?: &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.freecodecamp.org/when-should-i-use-typescript-311cb5fe801b&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://medium.freecodecamp.org/when-should-i-use-typescript-311cb5fe801b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exploring and Migrating to TypeScript: &lt;a href=&quot;https://channel9.msdn.com/Events/Visual-Studio/Visual-Studio-2017-Launch/WEB-102&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://channel9.msdn.com/Events/Visual-Studio/Visual-Studio-2017-Launch/WEB-102&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T13:17:44.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28237" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-03T13:55:07.707" Score="2" ViewCount="436" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a bit stuck while automating SOAP service . I have below url and request xml :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Background:&#xA;&#xA;url &#xA;&#xA; Scenario: soap 1.1&#xA;&#xA;request&#xA; &quot;&quot;&quot; &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;When soap action '********'&#xA;Then status 200&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After running it through Karate i am getting below issue :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;18:07:52.413 [pool-1-thread-1] ERROR com.intuit.karate - &#xA;status code was: 500, expected: 200, response time: 1088, url: :&#xA;&amp;lt;s:Envelope xmlns:s=&quot;http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;s:Body&amp;gt;&amp;lt;s:Fault&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;faultcode xmlns:a=&quot;http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/addressing/none&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;a:ActionNotSupported&amp;lt;/faultcode&amp;gt;&amp;lt;faultstring xml:lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;The message with Action '*********' cannot be processed at the receiver, &#xA;due to a ContractFilter mismatch at the EndpointDispatcher.&#xA;This may be because of either a contract mismatch (mismatched Actions between sender and receiver)  &#xA;or a binding/security mismatch between the sender and the receiver.&#xA;Check that sender and receiver have the same contract and the same binding&#xA;(including security requirements, e.g. Message, Transport, None).&#xA;&amp;lt;/faultstring&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/s:Fault&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/s:Body&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/s:Envelope&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-05-07T01:16:00.820" LastActivityDate="2019-08-30T10:02:05.237" Title="Getting issue while automating SOAP service using Karate framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;karate&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28238" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-03T14:06:44.940" Score="1" ViewCount="251" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do some testing with appium with ad Android Application.&#xA;I want to know if i can get gps current status, if gps is in use in that instant or not. &#xA;I don't want know if gps is enable or disable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26640" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T14:06:44.940" Title="How can i get GPS current status in Appium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28237" CreationDate="2017-07-03T14:37:41.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Karate is working fine. Look at the error message that has come from the server and work with someone from the dev team. All the best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T14:37:41.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28241" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28928" CreationDate="2017-07-03T15:06:31.653" Score="7" ViewCount="191" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follow-up to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28204/how-to-deal-with-flaky-tests&quot;&gt;How to deal with flaky tests?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the approaches to tackle flaky tests is to &lt;em&gt;temporarily &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/articles/nonDeterminism.html#Quarantine&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;quarantine&lt;/a&gt; the tests&lt;/em&gt; - move them to a special &quot;bucket&quot; with other flaky tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I offer one piece of essential advice: quarantine your&#xA;  non-deterministic tests. If you have non-deterministic tests keep them&#xA;  in a different test suite to your healthy tests. That way you'll you&#xA;  can continue to pay attention to what's going on with your healthy&#xA;  tests and get good feedback from them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How would you actually implement this quarantine?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use Protractor/WebDriverJS, tests are written in Jasmine, we use Jenkins/Git for build&amp;amp;test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally this bucket needs to have the following properties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests in the quarantine are not executed during a regular build&amp;amp;test run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do not allow to have more than N tests there (if you want to add a test to quarantine and it is full - you have to first fix one of them)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;do not allow the tests rot in the quarantine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Current thoughts: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;special &lt;code&gt;flaky&lt;/code&gt; test &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30331018/suites-vs-specs-protractor&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;suite&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; with &quot;flaky&quot; tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make these tests &quot;pending&quot; via &lt;code&gt;pending&lt;/code&gt; jasmine keyword&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add a &quot;tag&quot; to a test description&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm though not sure how to enforce the properties listed above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T15:32:23.447" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T17:43:59.040" Title="Test Quarantine in Protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;&lt;flaky&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28232" CreationDate="2017-07-03T15:27:43.043" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are looking to verify JSON response, there is a library called &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/postman-bdd&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;postman-bdd&lt;/a&gt; for &lt;code&gt;Postman&lt;/code&gt;, which lets you write &lt;code&gt;BDD styled&lt;/code&gt; test, using the &lt;code&gt;chai-mocha&lt;/code&gt; syntax (but can also be used to write &lt;code&gt;jasmine styled&lt;/code&gt; syntax). I have used this library for almost 2 months now and it's pretty handy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Taken directly from the library's npm page -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Postman's built-in test framework uses a boolean-flag syntax for testing, like this:&#xA;&#xA;tests['The correct response code was returned'] = responseCode.code === 200;&#xA;&#xA;tests['The Location header is set'] = postman.getResponseHeader('Location');&#xA;&#xA;tests['The Content-Type is JSON'] = postman.getResponseHeader('Content-Type') === 'application/json';&#xA;tests['The response has an ID property'] = JSON.parse(responseBody).id = 12345;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But Postman BDD allows you to use BDD syntax to structure your tests and fluent Chai-JS syntax to write assertions. So the above test suite could look like this instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('Get customer info', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;&#xA; it('should return a 200 response', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    response.should.have.status(200);&#xA; });&#xA;&#xA; it('should set the Location header', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    response.should.have.header('Location');&#xA; });&#xA;&#xA; it('should return a JSON response', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;   response.should.be.json;&#xA; });&#xA;&#xA; it('should return the correct customer', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;  response.body.should.have.property('id', 12345);&#xA; });&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from this, you can use this library to create custom assertions, using a plugin &lt;code&gt;globals.myCustomAssertions&lt;/code&gt;, and then use it in your tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What more, you can define &lt;code&gt;before&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;after&lt;/code&gt; hooks that you can use in your API testing, to have something done only once pre or post the test-suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T15:27:43.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28245" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-03T16:25:35.350" Score="5" ViewCount="326" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which testing approaches are most relevant to the actual production release of software ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do these methods include approaches to iterate to improve them ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26647" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T16:53:25.050" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T12:03:01.993" Title="What testing methods are vital for production releases?" Tags="&lt;release&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28245" CreationDate="2017-07-03T16:50:54.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's important to have considered the following testing methods:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;human testing for issues that automation will miss&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automated testing for the issues that humans will miss&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;complete run of current test suite on a CI environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;smoke testing when the release is live to make sure it works&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing on the devices that you know users use but devs (may) not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whether server volume will be affected and if load testing has been done&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;end to end tests on a staging environment that closely mimics production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;well tested procedures to easily and efficiently roll back the release if there are issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also important to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;production release and monitoring by a small % of live traffic initially&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clear communication of go / no-go and methods used to transmit the decision&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bringing up general process issues that arise during agile retrospectives (iteration)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T20:39:14.490" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T20:39:14.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28247" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-03T17:09:59.670" Score="2" ViewCount="5186" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to run some unit tests using Selenium Webdriver and C#.Net for Firefox browser but I was unable to do it (Chrome and IE11 browsers are working smoothly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here is the info I gathered:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OS: Windows 10 Enterprise&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gecko driver version: geckodriver-v0.17.0-win32&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mozilla Firefox version: 54.0.1 (32-bit)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Environment Path variable already set under &quot;C:\LEO\SELENIUM C#\Firefox&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Piece of Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using System.Threading;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;&#xA;[TestFixture]&#xA;public class UnitTest3&#xA;{&#xA;    private IWebDriver driver;&#xA;    private StringBuilder verificationErrors;&#xA;    private string baseURL;&#xA;&#xA;    [SetUp]&#xA;    public void SetupTest()&#xA;    {&#xA;        FirefoxDriverService service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@&quot;C:\LEO\SELENIUM C#\Firefox&quot;);&#xA;        service.FirefoxBinaryPath = @&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&quot;;&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver(service);&#xA;        baseURL = &quot;http://www.dow.com&quot;;&#xA;        verificationErrors = new StringBuilder();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Message: OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException : Unable to find a matching set of capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;TearDown : System.NullReferenceException : Object reference not set to an instance of an object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;StackTrace:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Tpke.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Tpke.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I will appreciate all your help, thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26652" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T08:36:09.277" LastActivityDate="2020-02-06T11:20:17.920" Title="GeckoDriver not working in C# for Firefox browser" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28250" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-03T19:45:06.623" Score="3" ViewCount="8532" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to set up robot on top of an Eclipse Maven-Selenium-TestNG java project I created, but it doesn't seem to be picking up default keywords (I haven't even tried adding my own yet). I have python 3.4.3 installed on my Win 10 machine and am using the embedded maven that comes with Eclipse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started by creating a maven project and adding to pom.xml the dependencies for selenium 3.4, testNG 6.8 and robot 3.0.2, then also added robot plugin 1.4.7. Finally, updated the project so maven downloads all the needed stuff so I don't have to install anything externally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To test selenium (without robot) I created a textNG class in src&gt;test&gt;java, added a system property pointing to the chromedriver.exe file in my system and added a simple test that opens the browser and navigates to google. It worked, so now I want to add robot framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my pom.xml file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;project xmlns=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0&quot; xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot; xsi:schemaLocation=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;modelVersion&amp;gt;4.0.0&amp;lt;/modelVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.demo.automation&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;automated_tests&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;0.0.1-SNAPSHOT&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.4.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.testng&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;testng&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;6.8&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.robotframework&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;robotframework&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.0.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.robotframework&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;robotframework-maven-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.4.7&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;run&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;  &#xA;&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I created a file in src/test/robotframework/acceptance, with the following contents (although I've read somewhere that after selenium 2 the &quot;start/stop selenium server&quot; keywords are not necessary, but nothing changes if I remove them):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Test Set Up  Start Selenium Server&#xA;Test Tear Down  Stop Selenium Server&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;Visit google&#xA;  Open Browser  https://www.google.com  chrome&#xA;  Close Browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run as maven install, I get:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Setup failed: No keyword with name 'Start Selenium Server' found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Also teardown failed: No keyword with name 'Stop Selenium Server'&#xA;  found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So why is it that robot is not finding the keywords implementation? And how do I add implementations of my own keywords?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25971" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T13:57:42.567" Title="Robot framework not picking up keyword implementation" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28251" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28252" CreationDate="2017-07-03T20:18:59.540" Score="4" ViewCount="239" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every time after we stage our release, we usually have some time to run manual and automated tests against the release. This time period typically lasts for about a week in our project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the end of the period, my boss asks me a question which is usually stated in a broad form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is the release ready for production?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has usually been a difficult question for me to answer because I find it hard to understand at what point can I be sure that all the new features are working as expected and there were no new uncaught bugs introduced. Even if there are no new critical bugs, I still cannot get rid of the feeling that we've missed something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What considerations should I take into account to provide an educated answer to my boss? In what form would you respond?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Please let me know if any more context needed.&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-03T20:31:49.473" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T20:17:19.000" Title="Is release ready for production?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;management&gt;&lt;release&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28251" CreationDate="2017-07-03T22:15:35.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;That feeling is a common one to testers; I don't think you can get away from it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, and the terminology is going to differ depend on how you arrange the development process, I'm assuming you have the following things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  Some sort of test plan, ie, a list of scenarios you'll attempt, or function test cases you'll run, or whatever.  Ideally, these will have ties to new functions in the code, or are marked as being done for regression purposes.  The test plan should have been reviewed by the stakeholders, including development, support, and possibly the client/end user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)  A problem list, with problems marked as open, closed/fixed, closed/unreproducible, with some sort of customer associated severity associated with each problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given the above, at any given point during the test cycle, you should be able to have some idea of what percentage of your testing has been attempted (test executed but unsuccessful), completed (executed successfully), and bypassed for some reason (can't be executed for some reason).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the beginning of a development cycle, you should have a discussion with stakeholders over what done means.  Typically, this is something along the lines of 100% attempted, 95% complete, with no open severity 1 or 2 problems.  Or maybe it's you've run a stress test for 24 hours without any failures.  Or you haven't found any severity 1 or 2 problems in a week.  Whatever makes sense for the testing you're doing.And once you've met those requirements, you're done.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can adjust these criteria over time, but this is the best way, at least in my opinion, of declaring you're ready for production.  First, you have buy-in from the other stakeholders that this is the right set of things to do to determine you're ready to release, and second, you have a defined set of metrics to use to make that determination.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for some reason those metrics need to be tweaked, or additional types of testing needs to be done, or whatever, that's fine, and good, but by having a set of metrics you have predefined, you remove the human factor, which is good, possibly necessary, because as a tester, you're always going to think there's something more you could do, one more problem you could find.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-07-03T22:15:35.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28260" CreationDate="2017-07-04T02:26:51.173" Score="2" ViewCount="8979" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use assertion in cucumber to verify my test output, can some please write me an example how to do the same in cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I googled, I found that people use junit/TestNG assertions like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assertTrue(selenium.isTextPresent(&quot;Name of the Customer&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can I use the same assertions in cucumber test and how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25224" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T08:34:36.763" LastActivityDate="2020-06-15T08:18:53.437" Title="How to write Assertion in Selenium Cucumber BDD?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;assert&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28245" CreationDate="2017-07-04T06:28:10.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is how we do it::&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We use manual test suites and automation test suites to test production releases.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual test suites for release testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We maintain 2 test suites for Release testing:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One for production and the other for pre-production environment. We are highly relying on these suite for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Process of creating test suites:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;While creating manual test cases for user stories/requirements , we set the priority of each and every test cases and &lt;strong&gt;priorities are: P1, P2, P3 and P4&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;All the test cases are executed on local testing environment as part of user stories /  requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then application is deployed in pre-production environment. In this environment; P1 and P2 test cases are executed. In our case, the application that we are testing is a web application and we are using MTM (Microsoft Test Manager) which allows us to create multiple configurations. I mean if you choose to test the application on Firefox, IE and Chrome; then your test cases will increase by 3 folds in this case, one test set for each browser). We select browsers on the basis of what we have committed to the customer (referring to the Test Plan document).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, once application is deployed in production we test P1 test cases. Here, also we configure the test suite for different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in every release, we keep on adding P1 tests to our production test suite and both P1 and P2 test cases to our pre-prod test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How automation helps in keeping the size of test suites almost constant?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our automation team is generally behind the manual testing team. So, automation team is working of automating the test cases that have already been tested during manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;So, we periodically review our manual test suites and remove the test cases that have been covered by the automation testing team. That way we keep on adding test cases for the latest release and remove test cases for the old releases that have been automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Apart from this, we also review the suites for duplicate test cases (since some functionality might already be covered in some old P1 test cases). We also remove some of the cases which have been there in the test suite for quite some time and have lost relevance over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So, in Pre-production, automation suite is executed first&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;If, everything looks good then manual testing team jumps in to test the application using the test suites that we have.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In production, only smoke testing is done using automation suite created for production. This suite does not contain any scripts which can make changes in the application because we don't want to make any changes in production data. So, it's a subset of pre-production suite.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has worked very well for us. There are hardly any high severity issues reported in production after testing. &lt;strong&gt;But in case, if a high severity issue is reported, we do the RCA for such issues. And in case if this have been missed during testing, we create a test case and add it to our test suites.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T12:03:01.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28247" CreationDate="2017-07-04T06:29:49.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use NuGet to download the Firefox driver into your project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Geckodriver.exe should now be available in your solution explorer (see screenshot)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you set the property to Copy if newer (or Copy always)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then simply use the code &lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/code&gt;, because the driver file will always be copied to your bin folder you don't need to reference an explicit path&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AmeD8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/AmeD8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T06:29:49.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28259" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-04T07:13:05.323" Score="3" ViewCount="16952" Body="&lt;p&gt;Single Sign On (SSO) is being implemented on the application I work on and I have to QA this ensuring that nothing breaks due to the aforementioned implementation. The development side told us that this plays around with authentication of users and both session based and API based authentications must be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could be some of the test cases? How do I effectively test this implementation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T17:01:43.953" Title="How to test Single Sign On (SSO) implementation?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28255" CreationDate="2017-07-04T08:08:17.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to import &lt;code&gt;Junit.Assert&lt;/code&gt; in your Step Definition file and then you can use them as normal assert statements inside the Step Implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example,  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Then(​&quot;^the total price should be (\\d+)c$&quot;​)&#xA;​public​ ​void​ theTotalPriceShouldBeC(​int​ total) ​throws​ ​Throwable​ {&#xA;    assertEquals(total, checkout.total());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-06-15T08:18:53.437" LastActivityDate="2020-06-15T08:18:53.437" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28266" CreationDate="2017-07-04T09:33:28.197" Score="4" ViewCount="6003" Body="&lt;p&gt;i have setup eclipse and setup require jar file. i want to just open browser using selenium. but it display error &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/g0Y03.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/g0Y03.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nacwA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nacwA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="21247" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T09:51:35.193" LastActivityDate="2018-05-09T21:50:33.627" Title="Chrome browser is not open in selenium using linux" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28251" CreationDate="2017-07-04T09:33:58.910" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you are missing coverage analysis. Whenever we build manual or automated test coverage we should have some way to track the coverage we have created. Historically this could be a simple excel sheet listing test cases by functional area, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Login_001 - Enter valid sign in and click login button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Login_002- Enter invalid sign in and click login button&#xA;etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this way we track completion and can understand if our coverage is adequate or not &gt; this drives our go\no go decision and should answer the question &quot;are we ready to release&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This coverage needs to be updated with each new release so that we maintain our test set at optimal efficiency. Even automated coverage should be tracked(often it isn't) and these days there are tools to help(specflow\gherkin layer, pickles etc.).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any test run is only as effective as its coverage analysis :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26671" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T09:33:58.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28162" CreationDate="2017-07-04T09:39:28.897" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd be curious as to why the bug is only reproducible in a certain environment; ideally environments should be baselined so that they are equivalent in terms of code version, infrastructure, config etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yours is a legitimate defect; don't ignore it. Raise a covering bug in your tracking system and escalate to your manager for visibility. If in doubt follow up with an email to the project team:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Team,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found the following defect {defect number} but can't reproduce in {environment}.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a heads up - this problem may exist in the production code. Happy to discuss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cheers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26671" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T09:39:28.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28265" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-04T09:45:12.200" Score="1" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a table with data. I need to check that table contains some data and does not contain any other data. So I need to check that table contains entries equal to some unique value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I solved that task in two steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first step is using &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt; function &lt;code&gt;contains()&lt;/code&gt; which check that table contains interesting elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second step checks that table does not have other elements which are not equal search value by using &lt;code&gt;XPath&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;not contains()&lt;/code&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; List &amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rows = tableBody.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[not(contains(td,&quot;+ elementName + &quot;))]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This solution is not good, because  &lt;code&gt;not contains()&lt;/code&gt; function runs twice longer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there other solution how to check that table has elements with search pattern and contains only them? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26669" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T11:10:19.387" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T04:02:43.740" Title="How to optimize checking that elements are not present with webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28262" CreationDate="2017-07-04T10:20:56.837" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Possible error :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Old configurations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Already chromedriver process is open and occupied port&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.  Use latest files :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java 8&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium 3.4.0 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latest one&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chromedriver (&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Latest one&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note : Clean your project before use.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Sometimes already opened &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt; process blocked the ports :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run command to kill all process related to chrome browser in terminal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    killall chrome&#xA;    killall chromedriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note : Name of the process would be same as given in &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt;. Here &lt;code&gt;chrome&lt;/code&gt; is process name.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T10:20:56.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-04T10:27:04.070" Score="2" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am finding an automation testing tool to test a non-GUI installer which is written in Ruby or power script. The automation tool should work on both windows and Mac machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26674" LastActivityDate="2018-09-11T02:01:20.853" Title="Automation testing tools for non-GUI installer written in Ruby script on Mac and Windows" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28268" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-04T10:33:44.410" Score="0" ViewCount="526" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to analyse the siege output. I am doing that, when i run the siege , I am checking at exact what time  the siege tool getting failing. Failed transaction should not be zero, note that how many number of transactions were hit,  I want to know how to calculate the concurrency , response time, throughput, transaction rate ?&#xA;I dont't understand from siege documentation, &#xA;In the output, which should I more need to check?&#xA;I am running siege  like put different parameter values and checking how many transaction hit were occured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to identify the result of concurrency ? 1 sec - 90 hit, 8 sec--10 hit, so how to get the concurent result ? How to calculate the concurrency here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Siege version is : SIEGE 4.0.2&#xA;and ubuntu 16.04 and &#xA;no other problem like dos ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;siege -c25 -t15s  http://192.168.1.11:8080&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    Lifting the server siege...&#xA;Transactions:               1146 hits&#xA;Availability:             100.00 %&#xA;Elapsed time:              14.17 secs&#xA;Data transferred:           0.90 MB&#xA;Response time:              0.06 secs&#xA;Transaction rate:          80.88 trans/sec&#xA;Throughput:             0.06 MB/sec&#xA;Concurrency:                4.76&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;siege -c50 -t10s http://&#xA;Transcation : 1946,   concurrency : 0.23&#xA;&#xA;    siege -c50 -t20s http://&#xA;    transaction : 3842, concurrency : 0.22&#xA;&#xA;    siege -c100 -t2m http://&#xA;    Transaction: 47508,   concurrency : 0.35&#xA;&#xA;siege -c150 -t3m  http://192.168.1.11:8&#xA;Transaction : 104724, Concurrency : 3.83&#xA;&#xA;siege -c100 -t3m  http://192.168.1.11:8&#xA;Transactions: 70363 hits, Concurrency :   2.46&#xA;&#xA;siege -c255 -t5m  http://8080/start&#xA;Transaction : 302924,  Concurrency :  2.22&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, i need to make that when i test the load with -c option value and siege concurrency output value should be approximately equals, if not some problem in server. May I know my assumption is correct ?  and How to identify the what the real problem ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible If I need to understand siege with a GUI graph. What should I do ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorDisplayName="user24314" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T06:05:25.893" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T06:05:25.893" Title="Analysing the Siege output" Tags="&lt;siege&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-07-05T21:33:24.560" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-07-04T11:00:03.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Speaking as a developer, I’d say it’s important to get to the bottom of it, &lt;em&gt;right away&lt;/em&gt;.  Being able to make it happen 50% of the time when it was not noticed before is &lt;em&gt;much&lt;/em&gt; better than rare unpredictable anomalies.  It might go back into hiding again on the next build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26564" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T11:00:03.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28273" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-04T12:31:52.533" Score="1" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've set up a Maven project that uses Selenium (as a dependency) and would like to add Robot. The thing is, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/MavenPlugin/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://robotframework.org/MavenPlugin/&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Third party libraries (e.g. Selenium Library) can be added to&#xA;  ${project.basedir}/src/test/resources/robotframework/libraries. Java&#xA;  dependencies can be expressed as dependencies to the Robotframework&#xA;  maven plugin configuration in pom.xml.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, Maven stores the Selenium dependencies in its own repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to tell Robot &quot;this is where you'll find the libraries you'll need&quot;? As it won't find them within the project structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25971" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T12:31:52.533" Title="Robot framework: how to point to libraries folder other than default?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-04T12:50:00.317" Score="3" ViewCount="6400" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a quick question, I'm running interviews for a Junior Tester role to work with me, and would like to give a Software Tester Test to help filter through applicants - does anyone know of any good ones out on the internet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've written an exercise to be run in an interview situation, but it would really be handy if there was an online based one that I could set - do any of you know of any companies or websites that provide such a service?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many thanks in advance for any answers or help with this!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26679" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T19:10:09.600" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T19:10:09.600" Title="Software Tester Tests and exercises for Interviews (junior level)" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-07-10T10:31:37.433" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28275" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-04T13:00:56.783" Score="4" ViewCount="37658" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here my requirement is need to click on one button from multiple buttons, but which are having same class and type on same page. I need to click on button number 4 from below example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. button type=&quot;button&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;checkout.setMethod();&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Continue&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;2. button type=&quot;submit&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;onepageLogin(this)&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Login&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;3. button type=&quot;button&quot; title=&quot;Continue&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;billing.save()&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Continue&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;4. &amp;lt;button type=&quot;button&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; title=&quot;Continue&quot; onclick=&quot;shipping.save()&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Continue&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have tried various methods&lt;/strong&gt;     &lt;strong&gt;Please look at below mentioned which I have tried.&lt;/strong&gt;                                                                                       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;code&gt;WebElement button = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;button[@class='button' and @type = 'button' and @onclick = 'shippingMethod.save()']&quot;)).get(3);    button.click();&lt;/code&gt;                                                                                                    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ii)&#xA;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@oneclick,'shippingMethod.save()']//button[contains(text(),'continue')]&quot;))).click();&lt;/code&gt;                                                         &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;iii) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String cssSelectorOfSameElements=&quot;button[class='button'][type='button']&quot;;&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; a=driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;button[@class='button' and @type = 'button']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;//  a.get(0).click();            &#xA;//  a.get(1).click();        &#xA;//  a.get(2).click();   &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;a.get(3).click();                                                                                     &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest me, to overcome this issue. Looking forward to your suggestion. See my html code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    Continue&#xA;    &#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Returning Customer&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form id=&quot;login-form&quot; action=&quot;http://stage-retail.example.com/customer/account/loginPost/&quot; method=&quot;post&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;fieldset&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input name=&quot;form_key&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; value=&quot;qTQ1K2M3AHVALnNg&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;form-list&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;login-email&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;E-mail&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; class=&quot;input-text required-entry validate-email&quot; id=&quot;login-email&quot; name=&quot;login[username]&quot; value=&quot;&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;login-password&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Password&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;password&quot; class=&quot;input-text required-entry&quot; id=&quot;login-password&quot; name=&quot;login[password]&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;buttons-set&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;clearfix&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;http://example.com/customer/account/forgotpassword/&quot; class=&quot;f-left&quot;&amp;gt;Forgot your password?&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button type=&quot;submit&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;onepageLogin(this)&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Login&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;other-login&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h3 style=&quot;display: none;&quot; class=&quot;mobile-title&quot;&amp;gt;Other Checkout Options&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;fb-connect-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;aw-fb-login&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;aw-fb-login-button&quot; href=&quot;#&quot; onclick=&quot;aw_fb_login(); return false;&quot;&amp;gt;Sign in with Facebook&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;fb-loader&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;loader&quot; id=&quot;loading_mask_loader&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;http://www.example.com/preloader.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Loading...&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Please wait...&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;amazon-login-default&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;- OR -&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;button-holder&quot; id=&quot;AmazonPayButtonBefore&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/fieldset&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;opc-billing&quot; class=&quot;section saved&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;step-title&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;number&quot;&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;Billing Information&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;Edit&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;checkout-step-billing&quot; class=&quot;step a-item&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form id=&quot;co-billing-form&quot; action=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldset&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;* Required Fields&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;form-list&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;billing-new-address-form&quot; class=&quot;scaffold-form&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldset&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;billing[address_id]&quot; value=&quot;6427608&quot; id=&quot;billing:address_id&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:email&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Email Address&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;email&quot; autocapitalize=&quot;off&quot; autocorrect=&quot;off&quot; spellcheck=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;billing[email]&quot; id=&quot;billing:email&quot; value=&quot;d@test.com&quot; title=&quot;Email Address&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-email required-entry&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;customer-name&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field name-firstname&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:firstname&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;First Name:&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;billing:firstname&quot; name=&quot;billing[firstname]&quot; value=&quot;f&quot; title=&quot;First Name&quot; maxlength=&quot;255&quot; class=&quot;input-text required-entry&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field name-lastname&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:lastname&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Last Name:&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;billing:lastname&quot; name=&quot;billing[lastname]&quot; value=&quot;k&quot; title=&quot;Last Name&quot; maxlength=&quot;255&quot; class=&quot;input-text required-entry&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;wide&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:street1&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Address&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input autocomplete=&quot;on&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;Street Address&quot; name=&quot;billing[street][]&quot; id=&quot;billing:street1&quot; value=&quot;840 Massachusetts Avenue&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-english-alphanum-with-spaces required-entry&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;wide&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:street2&quot;&amp;gt;Apt, Suite, P.O.&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;Apt, Suite, P.O.&quot; name=&quot;billing[street][]&quot; id=&quot;billing:street2&quot; value=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-english-alphanum-with-spaces &quot; maxlength=&quot;12&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:country_id&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Country&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:region_id&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;State/Province&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;billing:region_id&quot; name=&quot;billing[region_id]&quot; title=&quot;State/Province&quot; class=&quot;validate-select&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Please select region, state or province&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;billing:region&quot; name=&quot;billing[region]&quot; value=&quot;Massachusetts&quot; title=&quot;State/Province&quot; class=&quot;input-text regions&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:city&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;City&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;City&quot; name=&quot;billing[city]&quot; value=&quot;Lexington&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-english-alphanum-with-spaces required-entry&quot; id=&quot;billing:city&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:postcode&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Zip&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;Zip&quot; name=&quot;billing[postcode]&quot; id=&quot;billing:postcode&quot; value=&quot;02420&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-zip-international required-entry&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:telephone&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Telephone&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;tel&quot; maxlength=&quot;20&quot; name=&quot;billing[telephone]&quot; value=&quot;321456987456&quot; title=&quot;Telephone&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-phone-length validate-phoneLax required-entry validate-length minimum-length-10 maximum-length-255&quot; id=&quot;billing:telephone&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot; id=&quot;register-customer-password&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:customer_password&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Password&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;password&quot; name=&quot;billing[customer_password]&quot; id=&quot;billing:customer_password&quot; title=&quot;Password&quot; class=&quot;input-text required-entry validate-password&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:confirm_password&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Confirm Password&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;password&quot; name=&quot;billing[confirm_password]&quot; title=&quot;Confirm Password&quot; id=&quot;billing:confirm_password&quot; class=&quot;input-text required-entry validate-cpassword&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;no-display&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;billing[save_in_address_book]&quot; value=&quot;1&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;remember-me-popup&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;remember-me-popup-head&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;What's this?&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot; class=&quot;remember-me-popup-close&quot; title=&quot;Close&quot;&amp;gt;Close&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;remember-me-popup-body&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Checking &amp;amp;quot;Remember Me&amp;amp;quot; will let you access your shopping cart on this computer when you are logged out&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;remember-me-popup-close-button a-right&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot; class=&quot;remember-me-popup-close button&quot; title=&quot;Close&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Close&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;radio&quot; name=&quot;billing[use_for_shipping]&quot; id=&quot;billing:use_for_shipping_yes&quot; value=&quot;1&quot; checked=&quot;checked&quot; title=&quot;Ship to this address&quot; onclick=&quot;$('shipping:same_as_billing').checked = true;&quot; class=&quot;radio&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:use_for_shipping_yes&quot;&amp;gt;Ship to this address&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;radio&quot; name=&quot;billing[use_for_shipping]&quot; id=&quot;billing:use_for_shipping_no&quot; value=&quot;0&quot; title=&quot;Ship to different address&quot; onclick=&quot;$('shipping:same_as_billing').checked = false;&quot; class=&quot;radio&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;billing:use_for_shipping_no&quot;&amp;gt;Ship to different address&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;buttons-set&quot; id=&quot;billing-buttons-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button type=&quot;button&quot; title=&quot;Continue&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;billing.save()&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Continue&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;please-wait&quot; id=&quot;billing-please-wait&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;http://www.example.com/skin/frontend/rwd /opc-ajax-loader.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Loading next step...&quot; title=&quot;Loading next step...&quot; class=&quot;v-middle&quot; /&amp;gt; Loading next step... &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;opc-shipping&quot; class=&quot;section allow saved&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;step-title&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;number&quot;&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;Shipping Address&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;Edit&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;checkout-step-shipping&quot; class=&quot;step a-item&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form action=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;co-shipping-form&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;form-list&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;shipping-new-address-form&quot; class=&quot;scaffold-form&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;fieldset&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;* Required Fields&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;shipping[address_id]&quot; value=&quot;6427609&quot; id=&quot;shipping:address_id&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;customer-name&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field name-firstname&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:firstname&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;First Name:&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;shipping:firstname&quot; name=&quot;shipping[firstname]&quot; value=&quot;f&quot; title=&quot;First Name&quot; maxlength=&quot;255&quot; class=&quot;input-text required-entry&quot; onchange=&quot;shipping.setSameAsBilling(false)&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field name-lastname&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:lastname&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Last Name:&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;shipping:lastname&quot; name=&quot;shipping[lastname]&quot; value=&quot;k&quot; title=&quot;Last Name&quot; maxlength=&quot;255&quot; class=&quot;input-text required-entry&quot; onchange=&quot;shipping.setSameAsBilling(false)&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;wide&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:street1&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Address&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;Street Address&quot; name=&quot;shipping[street][]&quot; id=&quot;shipping:street1&quot; value=&quot;840 Massachusetts Avenue&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-english-alphanum-with-spaces required-entry&quot; onchange=&quot;shipping.setSameAsBilling(false);&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;wide&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:street2&quot;&amp;gt;Apt, Suite, P.O.&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;Apt, Suite, P.O.&quot; name=&quot;shipping[street][]&quot; id=&quot;shipping:street2&quot; value=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-english-alphanum-with-spaces&quot; onchange=&quot;shipping.setSameAsBilling(false);&quot; maxlength=&quot;12&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:country_id&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Country&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:region&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;State/Province&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id=&quot;shipping:region_id&quot; name=&quot;shipping[region_id]&quot; title=&quot;State/Province&quot; class=&quot;validate-select&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;option value=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Please select region, state or province&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;shipping:region&quot; name=&quot;shipping[region]&quot; value=&quot;Massachusetts&quot; title=&quot;State/Province&quot; class=&quot;input-text regions&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:city&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;City&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;City&quot; name=&quot;shipping[city]&quot; value=&quot;Lexington&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-english-alphanum-with-spaces required-entry&quot; id=&quot;shipping:city&quot; onchange=&quot;shipping.setSameAsBilling(false);&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:postcode&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Zip&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;Zip&quot; name=&quot;shipping[postcode]&quot; id=&quot;shipping:postcode&quot; value=&quot;02420&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-zip-international required-entry&quot; onchange=&quot;shipping.setSameAsBilling(false);&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;fields&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;field&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:telephone&quot; class=&quot;required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt;Telephone&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-box&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;tel&quot; maxlength=&quot;20&quot; name=&quot;shipping[telephone]&quot; value=&quot;321456987456&quot; title=&quot;Telephone&quot; class=&quot;input-text validate-phone-length validate-phoneLax required-entry validate-length minimum-length-10 maximum-length-255&quot; id=&quot;shipping:telephone&quot; onchange=&quot;shipping.setSameAsBilling(false);&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;no-display&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;shipping[save_in_address_book]&quot; value=&quot;1&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;shipping[same_as_billing]&quot; id=&quot;shipping:same_as_billing&quot; value=&quot;1&quot; checked=&quot;checked&quot; title=&quot;Use Billing Address&quot; onclick=&quot;shipping.setSameAsBilling(this.checked)&quot; class=&quot;checkbox&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;shipping:same_as_billing&quot;&amp;gt;Use Billing Address&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;buttons-set&quot; id=&quot;shipping-buttons-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;back-link&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot; onclick=&quot;checkout.back(); return false;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&amp;amp;laquo; &amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;Back&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button type=&quot;button&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; title=&quot;Continue&quot; onclick=&quot;shipping.save()&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Continue&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;shipping-please-wait&quot; class=&quot;please-wait&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;http://www.example.com/skin/frontend /images/opc-ajax-loader.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Loading next step...&quot; title=&quot;Loading next step...&quot; class=&quot;v-middle&quot; /&amp;gt; Loading next step... &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li id=&quot;opc-shipping_method&quot; class=&quot;section allow&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;step-title&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;number&quot;&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h2&amp;gt;Shipping Method&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;Edit&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;checkout-step-shipping_method&quot; class=&quot;step a-item&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form id=&quot;co-shipping-method-form&quot; action=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;checkout-shipping-method-load&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!-- Content loaded dynamically --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h3 class=&quot;required mobile-special&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt; Delivery time is estimated in business days&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=hidden id=&quot;transaction_id&quot; value='' /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dl class=&quot;sp-methods&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dd&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;header-sp&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;select-method-frame required&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt; Select Method&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;service&quot;&amp;gt;Service&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;price-cell&quot;&amp;gt;Delivery Time&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;price-cell&quot;&amp;gt;Cost&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!--&amp;lt;dd&amp;gt;--&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!--&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;--&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;select-method-frame&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;no-display&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;input name=&quot;shipping_method&quot; type=&quot;radio&quot; value=&quot;shqusps1st_1st_class_US48_envelope&quot; id=&quot;s_method_shqusps1st_1st_class_US48_envelope&quot; checked=&quot;checked&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label for=&quot;s_method_shqusps1st_1st_class_US48_envelope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;service&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;method-title&quot;&amp;gt;Standard &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&quot;method-extra&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;price-cell price-cell-days&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;5 - 6 &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;price-cell&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;price&quot;&amp;gt;$0.00&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!--&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;--&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;!--&amp;lt;/dd&amp;gt;--&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dd&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dl&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;onepage-checkout-shipping-method-additional-load&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;buttons-set&quot; id=&quot;shipping-method-buttons-container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;p class=&quot;back-link&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot; onclick=&quot;checkout.back(); return false;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&amp;amp;laquo; &amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;Back&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button type=&quot;button&quot; class=&quot;button&quot; onclick=&quot;shippingMethod.save()&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Continue&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span id=&quot;shipping-method-please-wait&quot; class=&quot;please-wait&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;http://www.example.com/skin/frontend/rwd /images/opc-ajax-loader.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Loading next step...&quot; title=&quot;Loading next step...&quot; class=&quot;v-middle&quot; /&amp;gt; Loading next step... &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26495" LastEditorUserId="26495" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T13:17:45.790" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T07:59:55.923" Title="How to click a button from multiple buttons on same page in selenium web driver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28275" CreationDate="2017-07-04T13:30:50.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've a simple construct for cases like this which might be a little runtime heavy but at least finds the Element reliably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static WebElement getElement(By Type, String Attr, String ExpVal){&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; Elems = driver.findElement(Type); //just throw down an unique as possible locator (ex. By.tagName(&quot;button&quot;))&#xA;    for(WebElement Elem : Elems){&#xA;        if(Elem.getAttribute(Attr).contains(ExpVal) return Elem; //Attr is the unique Attribute (in your case &quot;onclick&quot;) ExpVal is the corresponding Value.&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T13:30:50.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28277" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23367" CreationDate="2017-07-04T13:31:49.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement msg=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='message23']&quot;));&#xA;String text=msg.getText();&#xA;if (msg.isEnabled() &amp;amp;&amp;amp; text.contains(&quot;Registration completed successfully&quot;))&#xA;{ &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Successfully completed&quot;);&#xA;}else{&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Please enter all details&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26680" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-04T16:17:12.557" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T16:17:12.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28278" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28281" CreationDate="2017-07-04T13:32:25.237" Score="3" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to improve the quality process of the application I'm working on as a QA junior, I'm the only one in the team on this position and so I don't have a huge knowledge in terms of automation tests, solutions, frameworks etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I have only written some scripts in Python that I launch manually with Selenium. But I have seen some framework like Night watch which makes testing more convenient and easier. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's your opinion on this framework, do you have other advice, which kind of tools do you suggest to improve the quality process. Thanks for your help!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mostly want to do automation for a Web Application. Automation on mobile application will come after with Appium, I think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:26:00.150" Title="Framework for Automation tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;nightwatchjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28250" CreationDate="2017-07-04T13:57:42.567" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few corrections which will not directly solve the issues you're facing, but will put you in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;About your robotframework source:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The settings names are actually &lt;code&gt;Test Setup&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Test Teardown&lt;/code&gt; (single words)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To use a library, like the Selenium you'd like to, it has to be &quot;imported&quot; - e.g. again in the &lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&lt;/code&gt; section, add it as &#xA;&lt;code&gt;Library    SeleniumLibrary&lt;/code&gt;. This btw is the reason for the error you are seeing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/OldSeleniumLibrary/SeleniumLibrary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;particular library&lt;/a&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;deprecated&lt;/strong&gt; - it is based on Selenium RC (which no one uses anymore), and there is no development on it. (plus I've never used it myself, thus can't really help you any more with it...) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The current one is the so-called Selenium2Library - &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/Selenium2Library.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;doc link&lt;/a&gt;; it's very much up to date with Selenium, has a lot of higher-level utility and helper methods&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;BUT (there's always a &quot;but&quot;) it currently does not work with Python 3.X... So in order to utilize it, you should use the latest Python 2.7.x. The py3 support is underway, but frankly cannot say about its ETA.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the very last question you have - &quot;And how do I add implementations of my own keywords?&quot;, that topic is thoroughly covered in the user guide - &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#creating-user-keywords&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link again&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Basically, you can create them in the &lt;code&gt;*** Keywords ***&lt;/code&gt; section of a suite and reference them, put in an external keywords file (and import them in the settings section through &lt;code&gt;Resource    your_file.robot&lt;/code&gt;), create them in python and load as a library, or even - run them as a service on a node and access with RPC calls. I.e. a vast topic :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16408" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T13:57:42.567" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28278" CreationDate="2017-07-04T18:36:32.807" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before jumping into Automation it is best to decide what kind of Automation is best fit for the Product and the Team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A process I have used to access and determine automation is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pull together a team of core engineers, the quality lead/manager, and the development lead/Manager to outline the Automation Strategy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that Automation is NOT assumed to only be a 'quality' activity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the test pyramid as the foundation of the automation strategy (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/the-forgotten-layer-of-the-test-automation-pyramid&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/the-forgotten-layer-of-the-test-automation-pyramid&lt;/a&gt;). &#xA;Notes: I have modified the pyramid by &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Separating unit tests into 2 categories, backend and frontend&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Included Integration tests after Unit tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gave coverage percentages to each level where the highest percentage is on Unit tests and lowest percentage on UI. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Initial conversations should be centered on ensuring what Unit and Integration Tests will be built. For example, frontend unit tests (via mocha, chai, etc) can be more efficient and less expensive for web application frontend testing vs Selenium.&#xA;From there, it can be determined what additional frameworks are needed. &#xA;It is best practice to do as much automation in the same development frameworks (nunit, etc) as possible so that way automation can be built into the SDLC and contributed to by the dev team, this is key! If automation is not built into the SDLC, including sprint &amp;amp; release work, it will always fall behind and not be valuable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, use the same build framework (Jenkins, Bamboo, etc) to deploy and run the tests this will make the automation tests more streamlined and enables reporting to be built into the deploys/runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16479" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T18:36:32.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25918" CreationDate="2017-07-04T20:49:44.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the Actions class to mouse-over (OpenQA.Selenium.Interactions.Actions)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this link you will find several methods.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/mouse-hover-action/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mouse hover action&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25312" LastActivityDate="2017-07-04T20:49:44.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28275" CreationDate="2017-07-05T03:45:19.837" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Why your attempts failed:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;your first attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement button = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(&quot;button[@class='button' and @type = 'button' and @onclick = 'shippingMethod.save()']&quot;)).get(3);    button.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The CSS selector is not valid&lt;/em&gt; - attributes should not start with &lt;code&gt;@&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;and&lt;/code&gt; is not used to join conditions in the CSS selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;your second attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@oneclick,'shippingMethod.save()']//button[contains(text(),'continue')]&quot;))).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here the problem is in the &lt;code&gt;button[contains(text(),'continue')]&lt;/code&gt; part - the &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; of your desired button is actually empty&lt;/em&gt; because that &lt;code&gt;continue&lt;/code&gt; you are looking for is on the deeper depth level, &lt;code&gt;button[contains(.//text(),'continue')]&lt;/code&gt; would've worked.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;your third attempt: again, &lt;em&gt;not a valid CSS selector&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, overall, I would not go the way of getting the &lt;code&gt;button&lt;/code&gt; by an index - relying on that it is the 4th, or the last button on the page, because in this case you make your locator dependent on the buttons positions on the page - simple layout changes will break it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Solution&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are multiple ways to get to the desired button, probably one of the simplest would be to check the &lt;code&gt;title&lt;/code&gt; attribute to be &lt;code&gt;Continue&lt;/code&gt; and for &lt;code&gt;onclick&lt;/code&gt; to contain &lt;code&gt;shipping&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;button[title=Continue][onclick*=shipping]&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, even easier would be to check the &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of the parent container element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#shipping-method-buttons-container button&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T03:50:42.580" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T03:50:42.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28265" CreationDate="2017-07-05T04:02:43.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you call &lt;code&gt;.findElement(By.xpath(...))&lt;/code&gt; on an element, and your expression starts with &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt; - webdriver would actually traverse the whole HTML tree from the very root element. If you want it to be executed in the context of the element you call &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; on - prepend a dot: &lt;code&gt;.//&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Alternative solution&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;If you are looking for speed, one out-of-the-box approach would be to get the table element source HTML and use an HTML parser (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://jsoup.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jsoup&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;) to apply your requirements.&lt;/em&gt; This has multiple advantages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you are not issuing any extra WebDriver JSON over HTTP calls, no overhead&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you are not traversing the whole tree with XPaths - you are working in the scope of your table&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get the HTML source code of the element, use &lt;code&gt;getAttribute()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tableBody.getAttribute(&amp;quot;innerHTML&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T04:02:43.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-07-05T05:43:17.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't look for ways to interpret the phrasing of a test case to fit the observed outcome. The point is the product and whether it's fit to be used by its customers; your list of test cases is just a means to that end. This test case was created because your customers are expected to take whatever actions it entails, and the software should respond appropriately every time. If you pass it, you're telling the developers there's no problem in that part of the software when you know there is. Your co-workers with a &quot;just pass it&quot; attitude should be seeking opportunities in other fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for why it only happens 50% of the time, that means that it's influenced by a factor that you haven't identified yet (and which also wasn't anticipated by the author of the test cases). I've seen issues like this that depended on some specific quirk of the test data, like the number of characters in a string or whether a particular character was present, or even whether this database record ID is higher or lower than that one. Log details of exactly what you did each time so a developer can retrace your steps if it gets assigned out to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26689" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T05:43:17.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27478" CreationDate="2017-07-05T05:45:07.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In such case I talk to a developer to introduce a fixed way to locate an element, e.g., by &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; attribute:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Username: &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; id=&quot;5678&quot; name=&quot;username&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T05:45:07.860" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27478" CreationDate="2017-07-05T06:03:41.977" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Xpath provide &lt;code&gt;following-sibling&lt;/code&gt; functionality with text :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First we identify text element and then find following sibling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try this xpath :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[contains(.,'Username')]//following-sibling::input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note : Here change initial &lt;code&gt;*&lt;/code&gt; with parent of your input element like &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;form&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T06:03:41.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28268" CreationDate="2017-07-05T07:34:35.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems the tool records it and displays it in the output: Concurrency:&lt;strong&gt;50.92&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The answers seems to be to run the load-test with your settings and record the concurrency instead of calculating it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A load test of one second does not make sense. You want to measure load over a longer period of time. The thing with the short period is that if the page is slower than 1 second you will loose some results. Also the ramp-up of the tool might not reach all the wanted users in 1 second. 1 second is just too short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a longer run I would expect the concurrency number to exactly match the -c options number. If this is not the case I would ask direct question at the developers or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/JoeDog/siege&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;look at the code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as it is open-source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Truth can only be found in one place: the code.”  ― Robert C. Martin,&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test with Siege 4.0.2 on a clean Ubuntu Server 17.04 with VirtualBox 5.1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SoBtB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SoBtB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see the output seems to be correct, just like I expected. Somethings to check:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firewalls and network configuration might be blocking traffic. Check OS, Modems, etc...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Website you are testing on has &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Denial of Service&lt;/a&gt; protection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Version of Siege is out-of-date or has bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would first test your Siege with a small webserver on the localnetwork. Just a simple &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/indexzero/http-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http-server&lt;/a&gt; with a HelloWorld! index.html. Just to see the chain is working. Then start experimenting with web-servers on other networks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T08:20:50.293" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T08:20:50.293" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28051" CreationDate="2017-07-05T08:59:00.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In software, We have seen the block and delete functionality. Basically, bothe functionality is used for a stop to system access.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still, both are the difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Block :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Block functionality is useful for blocking the user.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once the user is blocked then he/she can not access the system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the admin can wish him to live then he can set as him to active.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Delete:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Delete functionality is useful to delete the user or any other data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once we delete the record then we can not see that record into our system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In software, We have to delete record as two type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hard delete:&lt;/strong&gt; If we have deleted the data also from the database then its called as hard delete.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Soft delete&lt;/strong&gt;: If we have delete data from the only system then its called as soft delete.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T08:59:00.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28274" CreationDate="2017-07-05T10:26:23.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ITSQB syllabus for some theoretical questions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;great task are on &lt;a href=&quot;http://testingchallenges.thetestingmap.org/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testingchallenges&lt;/a&gt; especialy task 1 and 6&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;also i take inspiration from codility, leetcode or hackerrank*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKu_SEDAykw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test from google&lt;/a&gt;, add question how test it to it and you have challenge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*sorry i can put only two links&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26406" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T10:26:23.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28295" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-05T10:32:18.247" Score="2" ViewCount="907" Body="&lt;p&gt;My company is working on API which is RESTful JSON Web API. So far, all my testing was done using Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was given a task to look for a tool that can help us automate the API tests(based on REST).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a selenium resource and have never worked on UFT and API testing. Since our client owns the license of HP, they would be happy to use UFT. After my findings, I liked restassured since it involves java and BDD framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you guys help me out here and point out some pros and cons of UFT and Restassured based on your experience. Every help will be much appreciated. Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26703" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:47:36.147" LastActivityDate="2020-07-01T17:55:35.467" Title="UFT and RestAssured" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12029" CreationDate="2017-07-05T11:07:14.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use following methods to handle drop down in selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; 1. driver.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Text&quot;);&#xA; 2. driver.selectByIndex(1);&#xA; 3. driver.selectByValue(&quot;prog&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more details, you can refer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.codealumni.com/handle-drop-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this post.&lt;/a&gt; &#xA;It will definitely help you a lot in resolving your queries. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26704" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T11:17:25.400" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T11:17:25.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28298" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-05T12:32:01.537" Score="1" ViewCount="557" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using phatnom js driver for my selenium test cases to overcome the headache of chrome driver.I see it is taking lot of time to execute the test cases.I tried html diver prior to phantom.Since html driver has issues in finding elements I focused on phantom js.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The concern with phantom js driver is it takes lot of time to execute test cases.I set the logging to none to avoid unnecessary loggin in phantom Are there any ways we can avoid this time execution for test cases?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Phantim js version :2.1.1&#xA;Selenium :2.52.0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26123" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T17:24:54.260" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T05:07:33.720" Title="How to reduce Phantom js test execution time for selenium junit test cases" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28230" CreationDate="2017-07-05T12:37:33.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;answer is given below. hope this will help to others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v2iI2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v2iI2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T12:37:33.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28143" CreationDate="2017-07-05T14:47:45.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use 2 approaches to motivate developers to write unit tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best developers, those that are recognized highly, solve the hardest technical problems in a way that just works.  Their solutions are high quality and bullet proof.  The developers that reach the peak are those that also invest a lot of time in testing their own code to remove the bullets.  Meeting a schedule might be recognized by the project manager as a good thing, but consistently delivering great software with high quality will be noticed by the senior leaders. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, explain how unit tests fit into the overall testing scheme.  UI and API tests generally test happy path, or faults that can be injected via the data used.  Its difficult/impossible to reach code that is in place to handle errors/exceptions. However, unit tests have full control over the mocked environment. With unit tests, its possible to simulate a slow network; its possible to test what happens when a dependent object is null.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another benefit of unit tests, the business logic of your app can be tested very quickly, comprehensively, and with few false positives.  Often, depending on UI driven tests to verify &quot;the math&quot; will result in many false errors (flaky tests).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T14:47:45.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28295" CreationDate="2017-07-05T16:27:52.663" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll like to point you to &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; which is also a BDD framework with some advantages over REST-assured. I would recommend you evaluate this tool as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ETTrdMVcBXaPjdKY-_67zCWBsi2Ctc5DIQUIfr02H7A/edit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;detailed comparison document&lt;/a&gt;, that hopefully will be useful - as you may be able to use the same points to compare with UFT as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I am the dev.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;edit: I've been asked to summarize the contents of the link which is the comparison of Karate vs REST-assured, so here are the main points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Karate is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; Java and a plain-text syntax (Cucumber / Gherkin), it makes it easier for non-programmers to write tests, and you don't need to compile code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data-Driven testing and Tags are built-in unlike REST-assured where you have to depend on something like TestNG&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can assert that &lt;strong&gt;all&lt;/strong&gt; data context of a payload (JSON or XML) is as-expected in a single step. To me, this is the biggest reason why you should choose Karate. This is where you will spend most of your time if you are doing proper-testing of web-services&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Karate you can even extract chunks out of the response and update values by path and re-use them for future requests. Extracting values for use in future requests is actually quite complicated in REST-assured and there is no way to update a given payload.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Karate has built-in environment switching for e.g. dev | qe | pre-prod&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Karate can execute tests in parallel. I leave it to readers to decide if REST-assured is comparable on this front, based on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/issues/534&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this discussion&lt;/a&gt; - and there are more links in the document I have linked to above.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastEditorUserId="24292" LastEditDate="2020-07-01T17:55:35.467" LastActivityDate="2020-07-01T17:55:35.467" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28298" CreationDate="2017-07-05T17:36:14.420" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are multiple solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use faster locators like id and name. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27978/what-makes-a-good-selenium-locator&quot;&gt;What makes a good selenium locator?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your tests in parallel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Change part of your tests to REST API tests, component and unit tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you're using your tests as gateway control, e.g., to decide whether to deploy a build to next environment or production, separate your tests. Use short and stable tests for gateway control, and longer tests for discovering bugs once in a while (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://uploads.pnsqc.org/2016/papers/12.WinningWithFlakyTestAutomation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winning with Flaky Test Automation&lt;/a&gt; for details of this technique).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There more suggestions here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumjava.com/2015/12/12/how-to-make-selenium-webdriver-scripts-faster/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Make Selenium WebDriver Scripts Faster&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note also that PhantomJS does not match any real browser, so if you care about credible tests you better go for a real browser. There's currently headless Chrome, but I don't know whether it is faster than PhantomJS or normal Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T05:07:33.720" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T05:07:33.720" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28303" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-05T17:38:44.373" Score="0" ViewCount="4234" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm facing a problem when I try to execute a UFT script using a VBScript file to call it. The code inside the .vbs file is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;dim uft&#xA;Set uft = CreateObject(&quot;QuickTest.Application&quot;) &#xA;uft.Visible = False&#xA;uft.Launch&#xA;uft.Open &quot;R:\data\HPCJobsSpool\submit_2017.06_CAEDev\Gompute\BenchApp\uft_script&quot;&#xA;uft.Test.Run Nothing, True, False&#xA;uft.Quit&#xA;Set uft = Nothing&#xA;MsgBox &quot;Test done&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inside the UFT script I have 7 actions. When I double click the &lt;code&gt;.vbs&lt;/code&gt; file the first action execute without problems, but when arrives in the second action start my problem: in all my actions (except the first one) has a code to create a .txt file. When the script create the first one (in the second action) it just stop to run all the rest of the second action and jump to third action to create the second .txt file, doing this for the rest of the actions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how this .vbs script are really doing and why it do not following the order of the script, because when I run inside UFT all works perfectly. Can anyone know what is the cause of this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks and regards. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26000" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T11:32:05.390" LastActivityDate="2021-04-03T08:08:25.733" Title="Problems to execute a UFT script by a VBScript file" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28306" CreationDate="2017-07-05T18:37:37.667" Score="4" ViewCount="12860" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had been having a problem trying to select an item in a dropdown. I have checked resources online but I still couldn't get it working. My HTML is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;dropdownID&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;ulList&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;liItem&quot;&amp;gt; Number 1 &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;liItem&quot;&amp;gt; Number 2 &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while my selenium C# is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    var drop = Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;dropdownId&quot;)).FindElement(By.Xpath(&quot;//ul/li[(@class='liItem') and contains(text(),'{0}')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;drop.SendKeys(value);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where {value} is a string that I would like to input on sendkeys. The error would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;no such element: Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;//ul/li[(@class='liItem') and contains(text(),'{0}')]&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T03:28:59.767" Title="How to select an unordered list in Selenium using C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28298" CreationDate="2017-07-05T18:48:15.580" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;PhantomJS was abandoned, author &lt;a href=&quot;https://intoli.com/blog/running-selenium-with-headless-chrome/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recommends to switch to headless Chrome&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parallelization proposed by dzieciou might help, but you will be spending time to improve wrong tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T18:48:15.580" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28304" CreationDate="2017-07-05T19:04:55.783" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem is with the selector indeed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When using XPath in the context of another element (as you are doing), always start the XPath with a dot (which represent the element you are starting from). For example, &lt;code&gt;.//ul/li&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issue 2&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;You haven't formatted your variable text into your XPath, it says &lt;code&gt;{0}&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;So first do a &lt;code&gt;string.Format&lt;/code&gt; on your XPath, then pass that as the locator value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var xpath = string.Format(&quot;.//li[contains(text(),'{0}')]&quot;, &quot;Number 1&quot;);&#xA;var drop = Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;dropdownId&quot;)).FindElement(By.Xpath(xpath)).click();&#xA;drop.SendKeys(value);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T19:04:55.783" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28251" CreationDate="2017-07-05T19:35:05.890" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Like continuous deployment, you can you also &lt;strong&gt;continuous improvement&lt;/strong&gt;, with these two crucial steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Release readiness checklist&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;post-release &quot;lesson learned&quot; meeting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many of members our our team are former military, air force, marines, navy. And they are used to checklists, and to post-mortem analysis. They say that all these lessons are &quot;written in blood&quot; because we learned them by making mistakes and paying for them. It is expensive way to learn, so you want to learn the lesson first time you make the mistake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before every release we have &quot;Release readiness&quot; meeting where we go over the release with interested parties, assign responsibilities, and follow the checklist. Exactly like when jet is preparing for takeoff.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After every release we have &quot;lessons learned&quot; session, where anyone can suggests what went wrong (or nearly wrong), and how our process can be improved to prevent it from happening next time. Sometimes we add new questions to checklist, if we feel that some check would prevent something preventable. Sometimes teams add entries to their own internal checklists (so check is done internally and does not appear on final checkist).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So decision &quot;is release ready&quot; is not made by QA team, but by readiness review team, after going over checklist. QA just summons the meeting, business managers make the decision after evaluating the evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a decision based not only on manual testing and running automated e2e test, but also unit tests, preparedness for all other teams (documentation, sales, training), etc. Some teams are involved in every release, some (like marketing) only as necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T20:17:19.000" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T20:17:19.000" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28308" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28309" CreationDate="2017-07-05T21:21:41.060" Score="1" ViewCount="4797" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot figure out how to locate ng-click in the page object file for the code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a ng-click=&quot;toggleGuestParams('personal')&quot; class=&quot;ng-click-active&quot;&amp;gt;Select/Unselect All&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are three instances of the code but the each word in parenthesis changes. I have the following now but it doesn't seem to be working- no errors but the button is not being clicked&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$$('[ng-click=&quot;toggleGuestParams(Personal)&quot;]');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T22:18:28.003" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T22:19:10.183" Title="Locating ng-click in protractor" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28308" CreationDate="2017-07-05T22:07:43.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are &lt;em&gt;missing single quotes&lt;/em&gt; in your selector, and &lt;code&gt;personal&lt;/code&gt; have to be in a lower-case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$('[ng-click=&quot;toggleGuestParams(\'personal\')&quot;]').click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the &lt;code&gt;$&lt;/code&gt; to match a single element and &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt; method to click the link.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no errors&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason you had no errors is that, Protractor would not attempt to search the element(s) until there is an action or method called on it/them. In other words, &lt;code&gt;$$('[ng-click=&quot;toggleGuestParams(Personal)&quot;]');&lt;/code&gt; would in essence do nothing by itself.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I, though, think that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=ProtractorBy.prototype.cssContainingText&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;by.cssContainingText&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; together with a partial &lt;code&gt;ng-click&lt;/code&gt; match would be a better option here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var selectUnselectLink = element(by.cssContainingText('a[ng-click*=personal]', 'Select/Unselect All'));&#xA;selectUnselectLink.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;*=&lt;/code&gt; means &quot;contains&quot; here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-05T22:19:10.183" LastActivityDate="2017-07-05T22:19:10.183" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28310" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28510" CreationDate="2017-07-05T22:32:20.537" Score="9" ViewCount="589" Body="&lt;p&gt;When doing QA automation, during testing it is generally recommended to simulate the environment and all the conditions of an actual real user of the application under test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, when running end-to-end in browser tests on a CI machine, it is tempting and relatively easy-to-setup to run tests with a virtual display (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xvfb&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;xvfb&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of specific issues can be possible on virtual display but impossible on a real one, and vice versa? Is it safe to ignore the &quot;real display&quot; requirement when running selenium browser automation tests?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Note that I saw &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9330/headless-browser-testing-using-x-virtual-frame-buffer&quot;&gt;this thread&lt;/a&gt;, but I would like to focus on specific potential issues here, not the general difference.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T09:17:50.807" Title="Virtual vs real display for testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;&lt;xvfb&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28311" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28312" CreationDate="2017-07-06T00:52:35.543" Score="2" ViewCount="6004" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to set up a maven+robot+selenium3+testNG project using Eclipse and java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, I've created a maven project and added the dependencies and plugins to its pom.xml so I don't have to manually download anything. I added the following dependencies: &lt;code&gt;selenium-java&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;selenium-server&lt;/code&gt; (not sure if I need it), &lt;code&gt;testng&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;robotframework&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;robotframework-maven-plugin&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;robotframework-selenium2library-java&lt;/code&gt;, and also the &lt;code&gt;robotframework-maven-plugin&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also added a tests.robot file under src/test/robotframework/acceptance with this test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Library  Selenium2Library&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;Visit google&#xA;  Open Browser  https://www.google.com  chrome&#xA;  Close Browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm not sure how to tell robot where my chromedriver is. Currently, when I run as maven-install, I get &lt;code&gt;&quot;java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.chrome.driver system property;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read somewhere that I should create my own keyword and then use &lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;path\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;but I don't really know how to create my own keywords in java, and how to connect them with robot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25971" LastEditorUserId="25971" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T01:26:52.187" LastActivityDate="2020-04-15T13:10:08.943" Title="Robot framework with java: where to put browser driver path?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28311" CreationDate="2017-07-06T01:46:02.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I actually found out how to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I created a .java file within src/main/java/mycompany and added a method that sets up the property:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package mycompany;&#xA;&#xA;public class Setup {&#xA;    public void browserSetup() {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\path\\to\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, in my test, I imported this as a library:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Library  Selenium2Library&#xA;Library  mycompany.Setup&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then invoked the method as a new keyword: &lt;code&gt;Browser Setup&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That was it. I ran it and it worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: Just in case anyone is wondering how to reference chromedriver.exe as a relative path within the project, I placed the exe file in my &lt;strong&gt;{root_project_directory}\src\test\resources&lt;/strong&gt; directory, then used it as &lt;code&gt;src\\test\\resources\\chromedriver.exe&lt;/code&gt; (notice the &lt;code&gt;\&lt;/code&gt; escaping needed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25971" LastEditorUserId="25971" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T13:45:30.087" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T13:45:30.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28313" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-06T03:19:16.183" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xvfb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xvfb&lt;/a&gt; is an X11 server that executes all the graphical operations in memory without showing any screen output. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T05:20:19.213" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T05:20:19.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28314" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-06T03:19:16.183" Score="0" Body="Xvfb; X virtual framebuffer, is an X11 server that can run graphic applications without a physical screen." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T06:57:19.883" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T06:57:19.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-06T06:43:09.903" Score="1" ViewCount="1841" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jwt.io/#libraries-io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jwt libraries&lt;/a&gt; in JMeter to decrypt an encrypted token which is received from API response in Jmeter 3.0 script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12699" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T06:54:01.467" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T12:39:40.790" Title="How can I use jwt libraries in JMeter to decrypt an encrypted token, which is received from API response in Jmeter 3.0?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28318" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28321" CreationDate="2017-07-06T07:32:31.017" Score="6" ViewCount="1849" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to run a UI load test against a web application with 1200 concurrent virtual users. I've looked at several products, and they seem to cost upwards of $1500 for a one month licence. I'm wondering if anyone knows a more cost-effective method of load testing web applications? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've looked at Bees with Machine Guns, and spinning up several AWS EC2 instances to host them, however I'm interested in any other solutions - standard and unconventional! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T10:15:50.097" Title="What is a cost-effective way to load test a web application using 1200 virtual users?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28317" CreationDate="2017-07-06T07:49:59.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Drop the required libraries somewhere to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#classpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Classpath&lt;/a&gt; (if you place them in &quot;lib&quot; folder of your JMeter installation it will work)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Restart JMeter to pick them up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#jsr223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Test Element&lt;/a&gt; and using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.groovy-lang.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy&lt;/a&gt; as a language develop your decryption code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Profit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also consider upgrading to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/whats-new-jmeter-32&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter 3.2&lt;/a&gt; (or whatever is the latest version available at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Downloads&lt;/a&gt; page) as the most recent JMeter version have bug fixes, performance improvements and new features.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T07:49:59.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28318" CreationDate="2017-07-06T07:51:53.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you considered Jmeter?  it is completely free for the tool itself and can allow you to craft good solid scripts, I won't advise on what type of hardware you will need because I do not know what you already have, but I think 2-3 Load injecting machines would do the trick for 1200 users no problem (Really depends on the spec of machines available).  You can proxy your browser and record your requests in order to make a script, I would highly recommend adding some plugins and making your scripts as realistic as possible (by adding a delay/timer to replicate real world use etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some great resources to check out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=335LKIXRauA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=335LKIXRauA&lt;/a&gt; (Great talk from Goranka Bjedov)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&lt;/a&gt; (Jmeter user manual/getting started)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&lt;/a&gt; (Jmeter downloads)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T07:51:53.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28318" CreationDate="2017-07-06T07:55:00.037" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opensourcetesting.org/category/testing-tools-overview/performance/?menu-page=overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; you check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are 58 (and counting) free and open source load testing tools which you can utilize. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for the narrowed-down list check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; article which describes and compares the following tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Grinder&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you will be able to find feature comparison matrix, sample load tests, and reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't have previous load testing/coding experience Apache JMeter would be the most obvious choice as it is very popular, GUI-based, has &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;good documentation&lt;/a&gt; and large community, however other tools may be a better fit for your project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="17517" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T10:15:50.097" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T10:15:50.097" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28318" CreationDate="2017-07-06T10:17:38.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Siege is load testing tool and its a open source tool, learning is very simple, it support multiple platform and its latest version 4.0.2 and if you are using linux os only need this command to install &lt;code&gt;brew install siege&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I'm working in siege tool. I am checking the load of my server using siege tool and monitoring linux top command. First i run the load test with a relatively small number of concurrent users. then i check the siege output . In the  outptut i can see that transcation, no .of hits in the server, elapsed time duration of entire test, data transfered, it is the sum of data transfered to every siege simulated user, response time, concurrency, no. of succesful transaation, failed transaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm saying that Siege (like any other tool) can only simulate some limited number of users.&#xA;Siege is very easy to learn only go through the siege documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;siege does not have enough features compare with other other tool, but easy to learn&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T10:17:38.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28275" CreationDate="2017-07-06T13:58:54.443" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks guys, finally i got solution from &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/ElementNotInteractableException.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seleniumhq&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;         System.out.print(&quot;Enabled&quot;);&#xA;         WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 40);&#xA;         wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By&#xA;                     .xpath(&quot;//div[@id ='shipping-method-buttons-&#xA;         container']/button/span/span[text()='Continue']&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;         driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id ='shipping-method-buttons-&#xA;         container']/button/span/span[text()='Continue']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reason is&lt;/strong&gt; &quot;public class ElementNotInteractableException&#xA;extends InvalidElementStateException.&#xA;Thrown to indicate that although an element is present on the DOM, it is not in a state that can be interacted with.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26495" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T07:59:55.923" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T07:59:55.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28325" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-06T14:10:34.130" Score="2" ViewCount="849" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lM0YH.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lM0YH.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find out XPath for this &amp;quot;Sign Out&amp;quot; button, can anyone help me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26720" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T06:43:02.443" Title="Xpath for sign out button" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28326" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28328" CreationDate="2017-07-06T14:56:56.567" Score="3" ViewCount="1436" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an automated script that fills out guest information and clicks a 'Save and Continue' button to proceed to the next page. The button is being clicked correctly because it becomes disabled but the next page never loads. The rest of the tests then fail because the new page is not loading. This works fine when using the same steps and information manually. I've added sleeps but it looks like after clicking continue, the request isn't being sent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I determine what event isn't firing correctly? From what I have seen, dev tools cannot be used when running protractor tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T15:36:12.537" Title="How to debug events not firing after clicking continue button?" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;debugging&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28325" CreationDate="2017-07-06T15:23:52.203" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are much better ways to locate the element aside from using XPath, don't focus on XPath too much - this is, generally speaking, the slowest and the least readable way to locate elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would locate the element &lt;em&gt;by the link text&lt;/em&gt; instead, example in Protractor/WebDriverJS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element(by.linkText(&quot;Sign Out&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example in Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Sign Out&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T15:30:11.330" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T15:30:11.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28326" CreationDate="2017-07-06T15:36:12.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is, most likely, the problem with your application or a specific build of your application that you are testing against. Since the button becomes disabled on click, it looks like it is clicked and Protractor's job is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the things you can try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/34562061/771848&quot;&gt;click &lt;em&gt;via JavaScript&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and see if it makes any difference:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var link = $(&quot;#continueButtonID&quot;);&#xA;browser.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, link.getWebElement());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/plugins.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;console plugin&lt;/a&gt; to explore the console errors - the application can be throwing an error when &quot;continue&quot; is clicked&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add a &lt;code&gt;browser.debugger();&lt;/code&gt; call inside your test and manually explore the state of the app at this moment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make sure, when you check the same logic manually, you are using the same exact build of the app as used for automated testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check if it is not a timing problem - one possibility is that it takes time for the next page to load and your follow-up tests assume they are on the desired page too early - you may need an extra explicit wait in this case&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow-up read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/debugging.md#debugging-protractor-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debugging Protractor Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T15:36:12.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28318" CreationDate="2017-07-06T15:40:59.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had quite a pleasant experience with the free and open-source &lt;a href=&quot;http://locust.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;locust.io&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; load testing framework. It is amazingly easy to set up and control the logic of the load test. It is Python-based.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can specify and change the number of concurrent users on the fly. And, it can also work in a distributed fashion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T15:58:09.783" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T15:58:09.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28330" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28333" CreationDate="2017-07-06T17:06:44.303" Score="1" ViewCount="8649" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a table which is dynamic (so i can't use strict locator or paths)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;odd&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Company&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot;sorting_1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;22222@222222&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;12/28/2016 04:13:10&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td class=&quot; checkbox-cell width-to-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;checkbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;mass-action&quot; name=&quot;mass-action&quot; value=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;checkbox-material&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;check&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;even&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;odd&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;tr class=&quot;even&quot; role=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to solve it in two steps, like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement row = tableBody.findElement(&#xA;By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(text(),'222222@222222')]/parent::tr&quot;));&#xA;WebElement targetEl = row.findElement(By.className(&quot;check&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this solution is terrible and totally ineffective. Can anyone suggest some ideas how to make it more effectively? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26669" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T21:34:41.583" Title="How to get nested web element in dynamic table using xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28274" CreationDate="2017-07-06T17:35:02.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Relevant links are as follow:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/software-testing-interview-questions/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; which covers almost everything related to testing, testing processes etc. that you would like to ask the candidate&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some puzzles to check the problem solving approach. You can get many such websites but the one that I like is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indiabix.com/puzzles/number-puzzles/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The third important factor is communication and personality . But, this is not much relevant here since you are looking for help on testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope that the details will be helpful to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T17:48:18.433" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T17:48:18.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28330" CreationDate="2017-07-06T18:20:03.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming that you want to select the &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; element with the class &lt;code&gt;check&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You need to search for the &lt;code&gt;tr&lt;/code&gt; that contains your text and continue from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//tr[.//td[contains(text(),'@')]]//span[@class='check']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="26309" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T21:34:41.583" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T21:34:41.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28334" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31309" CreationDate="2017-07-06T18:51:01.310" Score="3" ViewCount="415" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to mobile app testing. I am trying to understand how appium works. Basically i need to run tests parallel in both android and ios. But the scripts are written in C#. How would this be possible? Does appium work like Selenium Grid?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2018-12-29T11:02:20.547" Title="How does appium work on parallel tests?" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27071" CreationDate="2017-07-06T19:00:13.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the problem arises because a frame is a holder for a complete html document inside the one initially connected to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try setting a variable to the frame itself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;target_frame = @browser.element(:xpath =&amp;gt; &quot;/html/frameset/frame&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you should be able to see the document inside the frame:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;frame_html = target_frame.html&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm winging this off the top of my head but I think it is in the ballpark (sorry about the scrambled metaphors...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5902" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T19:00:13.560" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28336" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28337" CreationDate="2017-07-06T21:16:07.657" Score="3" ViewCount="2202" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having issues locating 'events' on our platform. Each time an event is created, a div card is added to the page at the end of the events. Ideally I'd like to run tests in parallel so picking up the event based on location would be difficult depending on the timing. The tooltip will change based off of the name each time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;caption__name ng-binding&quot; uib-tooltip=&quot;Name Here&quot;&amp;gt;Name Here&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit - additional clickable code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;card__caption&quot; ng-click=&quot;goToEvent(event)&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!--&amp;lt;div class=&quot;card__caption&quot; ui-sref=&quot;backend.parent.event.builder.update({id: event.id})&quot;&amp;gt;--&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;caption__name ng-binding&quot; uib-tooltip=&quot;Basic Automation without companion&quot;&amp;gt;Basic Automation without companion&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- ngIf: event.location.venue --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;caption__location ng-binding ng-scope&quot; uib-tooltip=&quot;House of Blues&quot; ng-if=&quot;event.location.venue&quot;&amp;gt;House of Blues&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- end ngIf: event.location.venue --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;!-- ngIf: !event.location.venue --&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;caption__date ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Jul 25th 2017 - Jul 27th 2017&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="26037" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T15:21:42.960" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T15:21:42.960" Title="Locate an element by uib-tooltip in protractor?" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28336" CreationDate="2017-07-06T21:26:28.270" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Locating an element by the value of an attribute is usually pretty straightforward to do with a &lt;em&gt;CSS selector locator&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$('[uib-tooltip=&amp;quot;Name Here&amp;quot;]').getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, if you are only interested in last element with the &lt;code&gt;uib-tooltip&lt;/code&gt;, you can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$$(&amp;quot;[uib-tooltip]&amp;quot;).last().getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that if you want to make things more organized and modular and, if you are going to locate elements by the &lt;code&gt;uib-tooltip&lt;/code&gt; more, it might be a good idea to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32137585/protractor-custom-locators&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;make a custom locator out of it&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, this answers the question in this specific scope only - seeing the complete HTML source of the page might help to generate more or/and better options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T21:26:28.270" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28336" CreationDate="2017-07-06T21:47:51.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If &lt;code&gt;caption__name&lt;/code&gt; is unique:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div.caption__name&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are more than one then either scope under a stable element or use &lt;code&gt;last-child&lt;/code&gt;(css) or &lt;code&gt;.last&lt;/code&gt;(xpath) to pick out the last, something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div.caption__name:last-child&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but that may not work and I think I still would want to see if there is a parent element around this set of divs for this card, and if &lt;strong&gt;that&lt;/strong&gt; element has an attribute I can use and target with &lt;code&gt;last-child&lt;/code&gt;, if so I would then be able to use something more like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;div.card:last_child div.caption__name&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say the row is added dynamically  but is last, at the end, so last-child if suitable for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-06T21:58:32.137" LastActivityDate="2017-07-06T21:58:32.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28325" CreationDate="2017-07-07T03:21:45.167" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, copy the XPath by right-clicking the highlighted text in the pane on the right that you've shown, then selecting &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Copy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Copy XPath&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. You can then see what the XPath is by pasting it in an appropriate location (e.g. a text editor window).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24797" LastEditorUserId="24797" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T00:21:47.367" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T00:21:47.367" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15623" CreationDate="2017-07-07T04:18:27.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check if Squish tool can help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Squish is GUI automation framework they support macOS application with embedded WebKit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26730" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T04:40:59.017" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T04:40:59.017" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28343" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28350" CreationDate="2017-07-07T04:59:29.630" Score="21" ViewCount="3907" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we were testing a project, which would require an Excel sheet as an input. The only validating mechanism of this whole file importing process was offered by Excel macro (validate against inputs' format, length and etc) and it was very limited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I talked to developers and business analysts, they agreed due to budget no more work was going to be spent on improving this issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the current company policy, for every issue we raise, we need to provide a solution as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not think I should leave this issue as it is, what solutions are there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastEditorUserId="26746" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T21:25:33.567" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T21:25:33.567" Title="How to report a bug that has no technical solution?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28343" CreationDate="2017-07-07T06:20:28.167" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;It takes serious diligence for you to continue pursuing this issue; I would have given it up already :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;In short, the only validation you have is from Excel and developers are not going to do anything about it; and you wonder what you can do to improve software quality.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not uncommon for a software project to run out of budget or time before it is completed, e.g. all software has shortcomings or even bugs (That is why we release patches.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without knowing all the details of this project, personally, the solution I would provide is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clarify who the end users are, e.g. who is using this Excel sheet. &#xA;Are they likely to be more technically minded users or less technically minded users?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recommend business analysts in charge of this process of writing a user manual (you will need to tailor this manual for its intended users) to show which inputs are wrong and which inputs are right. You can even provide a draft to business analysts if that is required.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document the potential risks that this poor validating mechanism may cause in the future. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;When there is no technical solution, the least you can do is to provide documents that prevent end-users from typing invalid inputs. If you can not have automated validation mechanism to prevent mistakes, then you will have to educate end users to prevent mistakes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T06:20:28.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28343" CreationDate="2017-07-07T08:36:31.800" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think about the implications of the issue. What is the risk due to not fixing it? What would happen if unvalidated data is imported? Might people die? Might people get hurt? Might the business lose money or customers? Might the business have to pay compensation to others? Will there be any noticeable effect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the risk is high then have another conversation with your manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also raise the issue as a limitation or even as a bug in the system. You should incude you understanding of the risks of not fixing it. For the solution you could describe briefly several possible options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a proper validator for the spreadsheet.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describe the issue in the user's documentation, explaining that user's must create the data carefully, also explaining some of the consequences of badly formatted data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do nothing. Just remember it as a limitation of the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T08:36:31.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28343" CreationDate="2017-07-07T08:40:39.227" Score="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, &lt;em&gt;&amp;quot;no technical solution&amp;quot;&lt;/em&gt; isn't exactly correct. From my understanding, the technical solution is in fact very simple; either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;improve the Excel macro to provide better validations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or, make the import function of your application more robust to prevent errors (abort the import) and to clearly signal the problem values to the user.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I propose you first do a &lt;a href=&quot;http://stevestedman.com/wp-content/uploads/RiskMatrix.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;basic risk analysis&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how many times will this occur?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is the business impact when it occurs?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester, you &lt;strong&gt;advise&lt;/strong&gt; on the quality and risk; management decides. If you communicate that this issue &lt;strong&gt;will cost the company money&lt;/strong&gt;(*), you bet they'll have it fixed in no time. :)&#xA;If it doesn't, then the issue is simply an inconvenience for the users. In this case, as Yu Zhang says, they should be aware of the issue through a manual or guidelines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) Losing money can be direct but also indirect, examples: reduced efficiency, reputation damage leading to customer loss, faulty input data leading to incidents, in turn leading to reduced available resources on helpdesk and IT, ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T08:40:39.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28351" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-07T09:33:09.637" Score="6" ViewCount="270" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does it make sense to run once in a while, say, on a weekly basis,  integration/functional tests against special build to have a coverage report. If anyone here has some practical experience of using coverage data for non-unit tests it'll be nice to hear out from you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it worth it, would you recommend to make it an integral part of pipeline? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing that bothers me is that you can-not just test with coverage all the time, the whole idea behind functional tests is to test the product as it is. So, just like I've mentioned, it would be sort of &quot;special&quot; run which is launched periodically. This is doable but still introduces some additional complexity.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2880" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T10:41:08.330" Title="Is it a good practice to run functional tests with coverage?" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28343" CreationDate="2017-07-07T10:19:39.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Agreed to the solution given by FDM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I would like to suggest that you take out all the issues of this type. Once you have the list and you also got confirmation from business analyst that these issues are not going to be fixed due to budget constraints, just file the issues and mention those in the excel sheet where you maintain your test scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this way there will be track in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;bug tracking system (like JIRA)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;excel sheet (test scenarios)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Why this- A QA should always be ready with records/proofs)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you would like to drop an email to all the stakeholders clearly stating that these issues are not going to be fixed in a polite way so that there will also be a record.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now regarding the solution of the bug, you may check the business impact it will have if this bug is discovered as stated by other fellow members above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5298" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T10:19:39.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28343" CreationDate="2017-07-07T10:28:34.543" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;As the current company policy, for every issue we raise, we need to provide a solution as well.&#xA;I do not think I should leave this issue as it is, what solutions are there?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend that if you wish to do something that goes against the current company policy, you should work with management to update the current company policy.  Maybe to allow for bugs that will not have solutions.  If the company will not do that you may need to accept that a solution is required in order to file the bug. yuch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T10:28:34.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28355" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28396" CreationDate="2017-07-07T11:33:54.947" Score="2" ViewCount="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a challenge of using maven surfire plugin for SOAP webservices testing. What I need to check is whether this plugin can be used while running webservices tests in CI environment. I will appreciate any suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many thanks for your comments and feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26741" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T06:36:07.503" Title="Possibility of using maven surfire plugin for SOAP webservice tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28325" CreationDate="2017-07-07T11:36:31.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to above solution of using link text in our automation testing company, we have used xpath as below that may help you as well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1. //div//a[contains(text,'Sign Out')]&#xA;&#xA;2. //div//a[text='Sign Out']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="18467" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T11:33:22.573" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T11:33:22.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28358" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28441" CreationDate="2017-07-07T11:52:58.887" Score="3" ViewCount="5284" Body="&lt;p&gt;I know that Selenium Webdriver is evolved from Selenium RC. Server in the Selenium RC was used to overcome the &quot;same origin policy&quot; using the proxy injection. Is it that the chromedriver.exe performs same functions?&#xA;I tried find the answers online could not get any satisfactory explaination.&#xA;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2020-01-27T11:06:23.420" Title="How does chromedriver.exe work on a core and fundamental level" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28355" CreationDate="2017-07-07T12:35:42.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; which easily integrates into a standard Java / Maven project. You can actually generate the standard JUnit XML report format which most CI tools understand. Or you have the option of integrating 3rd party reports via Maven. The test execution is via the Maven surefire plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And yes, Karate has excellent support for SOAP and XML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I am the dev.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T12:35:42.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="36738" CreationDate="2017-07-07T12:49:21.017" Score="7" ViewCount="14523" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a possibility of using REST Assured library for testing SOAP webservices? I have a bunch of Test Suites in SOAP UI and I need to check if there is possibility of using REST Assured. Can anyone suggest if this is possible? Many thanks for any comments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26741" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T11:58:59.520" Title="Using REST Assured library for testing SOAP webservices" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28360" CreationDate="2017-07-07T13:03:23.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;REST-assured does not have direct support for testing SOAP services, but it is possible by manually setting the &lt;code&gt;SOAPAction&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Content-Type&lt;/code&gt; headers and doing an HTTP &lt;code&gt;POST&lt;/code&gt; etc. Then you can run XPath assertions on the response like you do for normal REST services in REST-assured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you also evaluate &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; as it has built-in support for SOAP, and also makes XML manipulation a lot easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T13:03:23.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28343" CreationDate="2017-07-07T14:26:11.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As the current company policy, for every issue we raise, we need to provide a solution as well. I do not think I should leave this issue as it is, what solutions are there?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You suggest the solution (or possible solutions, from quick-and-dirty to good-and-proper), and then you let &lt;strong&gt;business managers&lt;/strong&gt; to decide which one to adopt and to worry about the budget and resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA cannot &lt;strong&gt;assure&lt;/strong&gt; quality. It only can &lt;strong&gt;assist&lt;/strong&gt; business deciders with information about system, it's status, and detected bugs. It is up to business to make the decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T14:26:11.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28351" CreationDate="2017-07-07T15:10:11.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes it is a good practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am familiar with coverage reports running for each and every build, both in branches and for master merges.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Same as full test suite, so we know immediately and who if coverage deteriorates / tests fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T15:10:11.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28366" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28369" CreationDate="2017-07-07T15:22:07.340" Score="2" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a follow-up to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28351/is-it-a-good-practice-to-run-functional-tests-with-coverage&quot;&gt;Is it a good practice to run functional tests with coverage?&lt;/a&gt; which made me confused a little bit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was under the impression that typically a test run with enabled coverage does not affect the functionality under test in any functional way. &lt;em&gt;The only implication of enabling coverage reports is that it slows things down.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example and to make things more specific - &lt;a href=&quot;https://coverage.readthedocs.io/en/coverage-4.4.1/howitworks.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;coverage.py&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in Python puts the special read-only &quot;tracers&quot; to collect the program execution information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;At the heart of the execution phase is a Python trace function. This&#xA;  is a function that the Python interpreter invokes for each line&#xA;  executed in a program. Coverage.py implements a trace function that&#xA;  records each file and line number as it is executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can enabling coverage potentially have an effect on an application-under-test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the answer depends on an underlying tool, have you ever encountered a situation when a coverage tracer had an impact on the functionality under test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T14:24:51.857" Title="Is running tests with coverage functionally the same as running without?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28371" CreationDate="2017-07-07T15:37:02.147" Score="1" ViewCount="1311" Body="&lt;p&gt;I inherited 45 spec files with correlating page object files that are used only to locate elements on the pages. I am trying to create reusable code, is it best practice/can additional exports be added to the same page object file or do they need to exist in a separate 'helper' file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Article for reference: &lt;a href=&quot;http://corpus.hubwiz.com/2/angularjs/24782783.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to reuse code in Protractor / AngularJS Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T18:17:38.910" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T23:44:27.650" Title="Add reusable code to existing protractor page objects file" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28366" CreationDate="2017-07-07T15:43:13.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, running tests with or without coverage is the same in terms of testing application functionality and there should be no side affects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The coverage is usually calculated separately from test running and instead examines and analyses test and application code itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only side-effects I would anticipate are slightly longer runs times - though probably only a few seconds at most.  If the application gets complicated enough it's possible the extra task could give you out of memory, etc. but that is pretty speculative and memory is pretty big these days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T15:43:13.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28366" CreationDate="2017-07-07T16:14:51.853" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Running coverage will use up some CPU resources, RAM etc, which will not be available to tested application. But it should not matter, because you are (should be) running coverage on your QA instance, not real production, so unlikely you have same load on QA instance as you have on PROD instance, and adding little additional load on the system to log coverage should not have any measurable effect. If extra load does have effect, you just detected load/performance bug &lt;strong&gt;before&lt;/strong&gt; deploying new release to production. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the very unlikely event you detected any side effect, you likely found a bug in &lt;code&gt;coverage.py&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In comments, @ernie mentioned another tiny corner case: overhead of &lt;code&gt;coverage.py&lt;/code&gt; might change relative timing of the calls, exposing (or masking) a race condition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your second question, I am not aware of any such impact of &lt;code&gt;coverage.py&lt;/code&gt; on tested system, but we are so swamped with other tasks that unfortunately checking coverage is no more on our daily task list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T14:24:51.857" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T14:24:51.857" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28370" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28343" CreationDate="2017-07-07T17:23:54.613" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Question's title&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You're not speaking of a bug that has no technical solution, but of one that the company at this time doesn't intend to solve.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It would probably be better to change the question's title, to something like &quot;&lt;em&gt;How to report a bug that I know the company currently doesn't want to solve&lt;/em&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Solution &lt;em&gt;proposal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question as is written now can be read as if you're required to solve the problem before you can file a bug ticket for it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I'm pretty sure it's not so (if it is your company is demented), and what you mean is that you need to provide a &lt;em&gt;solution proposal&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;What to do&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, in general the fact that you know that the problem is not going to be solved &lt;strong&gt;for the time being&lt;/strong&gt; should not thwart your filing of the bug in any way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A problem remains a problem even if there's no budget to fix it &lt;em&gt;at this time&lt;/em&gt;, and filing a bug for it is useful in that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It &lt;em&gt;documents the problem&lt;/em&gt;. Although it's not very likely that every user of the product will check its bug filings before using it, there's a chance that someone will and he will become aware that he needs to keep this problem into account when using the product.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It &lt;em&gt;increases&lt;/em&gt; a lot the &lt;em&gt;likelihood that it will get fixed&lt;/em&gt; in the future: the bug ticket will be seen frequently by the developers, every time they will think a little about it and:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;at a certain point some of them might have formed such a good idea about how to fix it that it will have become quick and cheap to do it, and so it will be probably get done.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there might be times in your product's lifecycle when all the existing bug are &lt;em&gt;reconsidered&lt;/em&gt; for fixing (for example when working towards a new major release).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;At those times there's a good chance that there will be time/budget for fixing the problem in subject, but if it hasn't a bug entry most likely no one will know about it and so that won't happen.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There's a chance that someone will remember it and bring about it even if it doesn't have a bug entry, but it's not very likely.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that even projects that are born with a short lifetime, where you don't expect to ever get back to fix the remaining bugs, very frequently &lt;em&gt;live much longer&lt;/em&gt;, and so bug reports will have more usefulness than you anticipate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Further report of temporary mitigation&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, knowing that the bug won't be fixed at this time can still be a useful information for you:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;all right, there's no budget/time to fix the problem &lt;em&gt;properly&lt;/em&gt; at this time, but then there's frequently some cheap temporary mitigation that can be done to protect against it: in this case, most likely you can warn the users in the documentation and/or in a warning at the time when the file has to be specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not an &lt;em&gt;alternative&lt;/em&gt; solution, as it would most likely be better to have proper, safe validation inside the software; so, you should still file a bug with the request for complete validation, but you should also report a request for the addition of warnings in the documentation and/or in the input process.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;You'll most likely need to file a separate bug entry for this (unless your bug tracking system supports specifying temporary mitigations in the same ticket - I don't know any that do).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Security&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that if the the problem might cause security issues publicizing it to the users might no be a great idea: if the application is an internal one it's most likely ok, if you are not too much concerned with insider threats, otherwise it's probably better not to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm sure no company would ever release a software with known security bugs!  &lt;sub&gt;(&lt;em&gt;need a thousand ROTFL gifs here&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26746" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T17:23:54.613" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28367" CreationDate="2017-07-07T17:56:50.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea is to &lt;em&gt;keep the Page Object abstraction layer as clean and modular as possible&lt;/em&gt; avoiding inter-spaghetti-connected page objects with each other. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to use a helper module or function inside a page object, that's fine. If you need to import the nested page objects into the parent page object - this is also perfectly fine, as long as the nestedness follows your page object design and is logical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, for complicated screens we have this nested page object structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- po&#xA;  - parent.po&#xA;    - child1.po.js&#xA;    - child2.po.js&#xA;    - index.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, then, inside the &lt;code&gt;index.js&lt;/code&gt; we may have something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var Child1Page = require(&quot;./child1.po&quot;),&#xA;    Child2Page = require(&quot;./child2.po&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;var ParentPage = function () {&#xA;    this.url = &quot;/#/parent&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    this.someField = $(&quot;#myid&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    // child page objects&#xA;    this.child1 = new Child1Page(this);&#xA;    this.child2 = new Child2Page(this);&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;module.exports = new ParentPage();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which allows us to access the child page objects from the parent page object with the dot-notation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T23:44:27.650" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T23:44:27.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28374" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-07T21:59:42.593" Score="9" ViewCount="282" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my limited experience, configuration changes (small 1-3 line changes to a project config file), either completely break the program or do not seem to bring noticeable changes to the user-experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a QA should I be worried about my developers telling QA that only cursory smoke testing is required for a small configuration deployment? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any implicit, more nasty, and intermittent types of bugs that could be introduced through configuration changes? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to be a thorough QA contributor but also allow my team's developers to move quickly through the deployment and CI pipeline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the particular change that brought about my question: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;add key=&quot;LightningQueueSettings.OldestMessageInProcessedHistory&quot; &#xA;value=&quot;10m&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;add key=&quot;LightningQueueSettings.MapSize&quot; value=&quot;1073741824&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This occurred in a &lt;code&gt;JasperService.exe.config&lt;/code&gt; file. This change allows tons more messages from our database to propogate to this queue (it was being overflowed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26198" LastEditorUserId="26198" LastEditDate="2017-07-07T22:46:19.920" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T14:39:32.390" Title="What should a QA in software be worried about when a small configuration deployment is being pushed without testing?" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;configuration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28374" CreationDate="2017-07-07T22:15:00.913" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all depends on what you're configuring, and if the configuration mechanism itself was tested before.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's something small, like a timeout interval, number of retries, etc, then I'd agree it likely doesn't need full testing before changing the config in prod.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if it's bigger/riskier (i.e. changing a DB connection string to a new instance), then exercising it with the new configuration might make sense.  Even in this case though, if it was tested before, then a smoke test can be sufficient if you've verified the DB copy is correct (i.e. all the data is there, stored procs, ACLs, etc).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's all about gauging the risk.  My gut on this is as folks move to more cross-functional teams, embedded testers, etc, there should be near consensus on whether something is low risk or high risk and what kind of testing it might need.  Sounds like you're still seeing your role as a bit of a gatekeeper, which is fine.  Just make sure you raise the flag if you don't agree with the team, if you think there's significant risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T22:15:00.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28374" CreationDate="2017-07-07T22:29:59.793" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen too many times when a tiny, seemingly insignificant change resulted into a &lt;em&gt;broken application&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No matter the size of a change, you've got a new version of your application&lt;/strong&gt; - it should be tested as thoroughly as after any other change.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Addressing the comments&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the size and criticality of the application, established continuous build&amp;amp;test practices and available resources, testing each and every release might or might not be practical. But, if it does not slow the development cycle down, aim for not differentiating changes by the potential impact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T13:49:47.737" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T13:49:47.737" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28374" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:08:47.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;What should a QA in software be worried about when a small configuration deployment is being pushed without testing?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Already contains the answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;When a small configuration deployment is being pushed without testing, a QA in software should be worried.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I myself have seen more than 1 instance of a 'small change' having disastrous consequences and completely breaking the entire application.  In fact &amp;quot;small change, shouldn't affect anything&amp;quot; are now trigger words for me to test.  Of course most of the time you will probably be fine not to test, but that one time it breaks... can be disastrous to your business... as many companies have found and are in the news almost daily with the usual byline 'due to insufficient testing, x, y, z happened'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some the areas that can break when releasing software with untested deployment changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sessions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;asset display&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;authentication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dependencies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;code compilation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;asset compilation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;performance issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-07T23:45:11.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28379" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:24:03.727" Score="0" ViewCount="2281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hardly tried to open InPrivate mode in IE and Edge browser using Selenium C#. Below code for IE11 Windows 8 but doesn't work for me: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var options = new InternetExplorerOptions(); &#xA;options.ForceCreateProcessApi = true; &#xA;options.BrowserCommandLineArguments = &quot;-private&quot;; &#xA;&#xA;IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;www.google.com&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26756" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T08:15:15.017" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T08:15:15.017" Title="How to execute automation scripts in IE &amp; Edge browser InPrivate mode using selenium c#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28380" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:45:32.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt; is a Java-based build management and continuous integration server from JetBrains. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T03:50:10.330" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T03:50:10.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28381" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:45:32.223" Score="0" Body="TeamCity from JetBrains is a continuous integration tool and a distributed Java-based build management system that can be highly beneficial to teams using an agile development approach." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T03:50:01.583" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T03:50:01.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28382" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:47:37.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joedog.org/siege-manual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Siege&lt;/a&gt; is an HTTP/HTTPS regression testing and benchmarking utility. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was designed to let web developers measure the performance of their code under duress, to see how it will stand up to load on the internet. It lets the user hit a web server with a configurable number of concurrent simulated users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T03:50:04.403" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T03:50:04.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28383" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:47:37.990" Score="0" Body="Siege is an HTTP/HTTPS regression testing and benchmarking utility." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T03:49:57.710" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T03:49:57.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28384" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:51:25.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;flaky&quot; term is used to describe tests which produce unstable results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow-up read on the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2016/05/flaky-tests-at-google-and-how-we.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Flaky Tests at Google and How We Mitigate Them&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://semaphoreci.com/community/tutorials/how-to-deal-with-and-eliminate-flaky-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Deal With and Eliminate Flaky Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T02:30:11.643" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T02:30:11.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28385" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-07T23:51:25.937" Score="0" Body="&quot;Flaky&quot; term is used to describe tests which produce unstable results " OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T03:50:07.580" LastActivityDate="2017-07-08T03:50:07.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-08T02:41:00.580" Score="3" ViewCount="5697" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;https://baishanlu.gitbooks.io/robot-framework-cn-en-user-manual/content/2creating_testdata/26creating_user_keywords.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Creating user keywords&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;User keywords can be created in test case files, resource files, and&#xA;  test suite initialization files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm wondering what's the best practice regarding this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm organizing my tests in one file per website page I'm testing. I also have Resource file for library importing and global variables, and one &lt;code&gt;__init__&lt;/code&gt; file per tests file to include test setup and teardown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where in this structure would higher level keywords fit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25971" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-08T02:43:02.133" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T16:43:19.460" Title="Robot framework: best practices for higher-level keywords?" Tags="&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28386" CreationDate="2017-07-08T03:42:00.623" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there is a universally agreed-upon set of best practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the very best practice is to create at least one library file per website page (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/boakley/robotframework-pageobjectlibrary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;page object library&lt;/a&gt; for one such implementation). I rarely use .robot files for keywords, almost everything my team does is to create keywords in python. I've worked at four different companies that used robot, and the one that took this approach has been the most successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You write &quot;one &lt;code&gt;__init__&lt;/code&gt; file per tests file&quot;, which I don't understand. You can put an &lt;code&gt;__init__&lt;/code&gt; file in a &lt;em&gt;directory&lt;/em&gt;, but I don't know how you can associate an &lt;code&gt;__init__&lt;/code&gt; file with a test file. I do not like using &lt;code&gt;__init__&lt;/code&gt; files inside of folders; in my experience they make it slightly harder to run individual suites. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for organizing tests, one file per page is a good starting point. In my experience, comprehensive suites may need to be split into more than one file per page. For example, one app that I work with uses one suite just for the left navigation on the page, another that is specifically for the header and footer, and another for the main area. The main area can have multiple sections (we call &quot;panels&quot;), each of which has a set of tests in its own file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastEditorUserId="1105" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T16:43:19.460" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T16:43:19.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28351" CreationDate="2017-07-08T22:54:27.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, coverage isn't coverage. There're several &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage#Coverage_criteria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coverage criteria&lt;/a&gt;, but most used are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Function coverage – Has each function (or subroutine) in the program been called?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Statement coverage – Has each statement in the program been executed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Branch coverage – Has each branch (also called DD-path) of each control structure (such as in if and case statements) been executed? […]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Condition coverage (or predicate coverage) – Has each Boolean sub-expression evaluated both to true and false?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, whether coverage (in general) is a good measure is a quite controversial topic. For instance, &lt;a href=&quot;https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f381/eec7434c58371e79b7dd89260857dc052637.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wei, Meyer, and Orial&lt;/a&gt; argue that—even on unit testing level—&quot;branch coverage is not a good indicator for the effectiveness of a test suite.&quot; Whereas &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1_bNn_HTI1Vst6WAB62KHTtgbvxocjpnt2Y-8ugGyP8U/edit#slide=id.p277&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gopinath and Ahmed&lt;/a&gt; state that it's a good predictor in the real world.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my experience, I can say that it's helpful, although one should &lt;em&gt;never&lt;/em&gt; rely solely on it. As I think &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/9519/21973&quot;&gt;Measuring code coverage in end-to-end tests?&lt;/a&gt; is related, consider the following answer by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/9520/21973&quot;&gt;Sam Woods&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I always like to get code coverage for my functional tests, but not because I want to hit a certain percentage of code coverage.  I like it because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;It points me to areas of the code that are not covered.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;There are areas of the code that are very difficult to unit/integration test without having the entire system in place and doing end to end tests, so I like to compare the coverage from unit/integration tests to the coverage from my functional tests and see if there are things that should or could be covered in the end to end tests that may be more difficult in the earlier stages.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;I want to know which of my tests are equivalent, so I can look at what is covered by each test and see if there are tests I can eliminate or consolidate to be more efficient.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding running these tests &quot;once in a while, say, on a weekly basis&quot;: As already pointed out by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28351/is-it-a-good-practice-to-run-functional-tests-with-coverage#comment33539_28351&quot;&gt;alecxe&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observer_effect_(information_technology)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;observer effect&lt;/a&gt; is negligible for measuring coverage. Nowadays, one can safely include it in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continuous testing&lt;/a&gt; pipeline. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-08-27T10:41:08.330" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T10:41:08.330" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28391" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-09T00:31:51.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://nodejs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Node.js&lt;/a&gt; is an event-based, non-blocking, asynchronous I/O framework that uses Google's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V8_%28JavaScript_engine%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;V8 JavaScript Engine&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is used for developing applications that make heavy use of the ability to run JavaScript both on the client, as well as on server side and therefore benefit from the re-usability of code and the lack of context switching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-09T03:45:45.840" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T03:45:45.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28392" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-09T00:31:51.743" Score="0" Body="Node.js is an event-based, non-blocking, asynchronous I/O framework that uses Google's V8 JavaScript engine and libuv library." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-09T03:45:51.587" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T03:45:51.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28394" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28404" CreationDate="2017-07-09T02:02:58.550" Score="4" ViewCount="796" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work on a project as an internal testing team, our team put 100% effort to all formal testing procedure like complete testing process &amp;amp; at a certain level of time we don't find bugs in application, but when we pass build to external testing team they found a lot of bug in the same build.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One thing I don't understand that we know product requirement better than them but even after that they found more quality bug then us, can you please explain this why is it so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-09T09:20:51.523" LastActivityDate="2018-05-08T08:19:14.317" Title="Why would an external testing team find more bugs then an internal testing team?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28395" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-09T05:56:05.220" Score="2" ViewCount="5671" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DgbYN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/DgbYN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eDqSg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eDqSg.png&quot; alt=&quot;Errors Generated On Running Code&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xucFg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xucFg.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error - Unexpected Character&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;I'm getting following error at verification stage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;An unhandled exception of type 'System.NullReferenceException' occurred in nunit.framework.dll&#xA;&#xA;Additional information: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;using System.Globalization;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace Login_Val_Test_Do_Not_Use&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;            //Go to CV Library Website&#xA;            var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.cv-library.co.uk/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Wait for web element to become visible&#xA;            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(15000);&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Login button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//*[@id='home-nav-right']/a[1]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;            //Verification that specified page opens&#xA;            var loggedInHeader = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cand-login-tabs&quot;));&#xA;            Assert.IsTrue(loggedInHeader.Displayed, &quot;Unable to access page&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="21701" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T23:32:32.480" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T23:45:50.267" Title="Error: System.NullReferenceException error in Selenium with NUnit" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28355" CreationDate="2017-07-09T06:36:07.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maven Surefire plugin can handle any tests written with JUnit or TestNG. This means whatever your JUnit/TestNG are doing, including SOAP Web servce testing, they can be run with Maven Surefire plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maven Surefire can be used in CI environment (e.g. Jenkins). You just define your CI job with &lt;code&gt;mvn test&lt;/code&gt; to execute tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T06:36:07.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28360" CreationDate="2017-07-09T06:55:48.337" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible, however not necessarily easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SOAP Web service is (usually) receiving HTTP requests with XML in the body and sending back HTTP responses with XML in the body.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;REST-assured can send HTTP requests with any content, including XML. It can also verify XML in responses with &lt;a href=&quot;http://groovy-lang.org/processing-xml.html#_gpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GPath&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an example from &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/wiki/Usage#example-2---xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;REST-assured site&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine that a POST request to http://localhost:8080/greetXML returns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-xml prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;greeting&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;firstName&amp;gt;{params(&amp;quot;firstName&amp;quot;)}&amp;lt;/firstName&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;lastName&amp;gt;{params(&amp;quot;lastName&amp;quot;)}&amp;lt;/lastName&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/greeting&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i.e. it sends back a greeting based on the &lt;code&gt;firstName&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;lastName&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;parameter sent in the request. You can easily perform and verify e.g.&#xA;the &lt;code&gt;firstName&lt;/code&gt; with REST assured:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;given().&#xA;         parameters(&amp;quot;firstName&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;John&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;lastName&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Doe&amp;quot;).&#xA;when().&#xA;         post(&amp;quot;/greetXML&amp;quot;).&#xA;then().&#xA;         body(&amp;quot;greeting.firstName&amp;quot;, equalTo(&amp;quot;John&amp;quot;)).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that SOAP Requests and SOAP Responses are usually far more complex and you will need to understand &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WSDL&lt;/a&gt; descriptors yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T11:58:47.453" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T11:58:47.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26275" CreationDate="2017-07-09T08:48:18.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In JavaScript;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import webdriver from 'selenium-webdriver';&#xA;import chrome from 'selenium-webdriver/chrome';&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;const driver = new webdriver&#xA;  .Builder()&#xA;  .usingServer(url)&#xA;  .forBrowser('chrome')&#xA;  .setChromeOptions(new chrome.Options().setUserPreferences({&#xA;    &quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;: false,&#xA;    &quot;profile.password_manager_enabled&quot;: false&#xA;  }))&#xA;  .build();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26769" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T08:48:18.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28394" CreationDate="2017-07-09T08:53:51.700" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is inevitable that you are not testing 100% of the product. You are using your formal process which might test things always in exactly the same way. All bugs found this way will eventually be fixed, and your formal process only tests parts of the code that have been made bug free. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your external testers don't have any such restrictions. They test whatever they like. They tests parts of your code that haven't been tested. You have a test that says &quot;if the user enters X then the output is Y&quot;. As an external tester I'd try &quot;what happens if I don't enter X but ABC?£££839 ?&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be a subconscious thing going on: That your team wants the tests to succeed (because the developers or your management hate you if you find too many bugs. Deadline missed because bugs were found, and you get the blame). And the external team wants to prove how clever they are by finding bugs. That difference in attitude can make a lot of difference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26559" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T08:53:51.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28395" CreationDate="2017-07-09T14:06:16.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following should work. I've used the class name for the login button instead of using XPath (seems more appropriate here) + always use explicit waits &lt;strong&gt;never&lt;/strong&gt; Thread.sleep!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;//Go to CV Library Website&#xA;var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.cv-library.co.uk/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15));&#xA;IWebElement loginButton = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By.ClassName(&quot;nav-login&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;loginButton.Click();&#xA;&#xA;//Verification that specified page opens&#xA;var loggedInHeader = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.Id(&quot;cand-login-tabs&quot;)));&#xA;Assert.IsTrue(loggedInHeader.Displayed, &quot;Unable to access page&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastEditorUserId="26309" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T23:23:49.220" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T23:23:49.220" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28394" CreationDate="2017-07-09T14:38:25.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Somethings come to mind which could be the reason would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your internal team members aren't overly motivated, for X reasons&lt;br&gt;&#xA;perhaps they are unhappy in their jobs and do not put as much effort &#xA;as you think into the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have relatively new members internally, perhaps they aren't as&lt;br&gt;&#xA;familiar with the system and thus will struggle to find a lot of the &#xA;issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Its not so much a case of internal vs. external in the sense that its&#xA;just a fresh pair of eyes if you like, perhaps the external team have&#xA;better indepth test cases than you do and what you are executing is lackluster in discovering a lot of the issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;They are covering more than you are, likely due to resources issues, perhaps you are testing mostly the new features and they are doing a regression suite across the entire project. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lack of training on the internal team in what is actually a defect, perhaps some things are spotted but left because the tester thinks they are intentional or &quot;product funtionality&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your environment could be relatively toxic, perhaps dealing with non approachable devs/PM's etc some testers are in fear of logging the defects as it A) ends with it not being fixed anyway or B) confrontation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Inefficiencies and/or bad estimations mean you are struggling to actually test what you set out to cover originally.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list could go on forever, but it's almost hard to really pinpoint without more detailed information on your end.  Who is responsible for the testing effort in your organisation, sounds like you need more root cause analysis in order to discover why you tend to miss a lot of these issues and modify your processes accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T14:38:25.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28394" CreationDate="2017-07-09T15:54:11.047" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fresh eyes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more time for exploratory testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;existence or non existence of a testing plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;working without boundaries, without knowing the product requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;working without executing any text cycle, more exploratory&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no time constraint pressure that might be present in the SDLC between sprints&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;they are focused on finding bugs, you re focused on fulfilling the requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="18490" LastEditDate="2017-07-09T16:21:16.523" LastActivityDate="2017-07-09T16:21:16.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28394" CreationDate="2017-07-09T16:26:56.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problems that internal testing teams face:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuously working on the same application is a monotonous activity. I have many examples, where people don't even refer to the test cases that have been written; because they are so sure that they know the application in and out. Many times, internal testing teams are under too much pressure to meet the deadlines. This results in poorly created test cases and poor reviews. This is the reason, that the teams are used to writing test cases in a certain way, covering some common scenarios. Generally, reviewer is also from the same team, and being a part of the team for a long time, his brain is also tuned to accept only these scenarios. So, gradually, the whole team loses the ability to think out of box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What does the external testing teams do different:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is always more pressure on external testing teams. If they miss an issue, that is mostly likely, will go to production too.&#xA;So, there thought process is more aligned with the business use of application. &#xA;Even this is visible from the way external testers create test cases. They try to cover high level scenarios and also try to be on top of them. So, they will pick a scenario and test whatever they can (trying all the permutation and combinations); within the scope of that scenario.&#xA;On the contrary, internal testers have in-depth test cases covering even the text for each error message. Because of so much detail, they are not on top of the test scenarios. At any point in time, an external tester knows &quot;how many scenarios for a particular functionality have been executed?&quot; whereas internal testers are just solely relying on test cases.&#xA;Apart from this, external testers get a relatively stable product to test. Thanks to the internal testing team. So, they can focus on what they are targeting to test. There are hardly any distractions because of which they can lost focus. So, whatever they find is generally of great value for the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What internal testing teams should do?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Better planning (as you don't have too much time to experiment during the execution phase)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, development phase activities take longer that planned and consume time of testing phase, squeezing the testing window, mounting more pressure on internal testing teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;So, Create scenario based test cases.  Before looking at test case coverage, ensure that all the test scenarios are covered.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ensure that test case reviews are effective.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get the test cases reviwed externally from another team. Because if you are missing too many issues then that means that you need to do away with the peer review policy because the person reviewing the test cases has the same mindset as of the test case writer. So, it is important to invite people who are looking at the application with a fresh eye.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Update the automation/manual regression suite regularly:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are not doing it periodically then application bugs are immune to this suite. So, you have caught whatever falls in the way of your test suites but nothing other than that. So, a six month or more older test suite which has not been updated is generally has limited capability to catch bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;keep your test suites updated for all the minor or major changes that have been introduced in the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if no changes have been made to the application, still try to include more and more scenarios in your test suite to increase the application coverage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;After every release, do RCA of bugs and try to identify areas of improvement.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do RCA of bugs. Try to find out major areas of improvement for testing team. Try to work on the weaknesses identified in order to be a stronger QA team after every release cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T05:14:48.233" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T05:14:48.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28407" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28408" CreationDate="2017-07-09T19:58:34.297" Score="2" ViewCount="6713" Body="&lt;p&gt;I must not be setting the &lt;code&gt;System&lt;/code&gt; properties correctly.  Otherwise I can't at all understand why the exception below is &lt;code&gt;cannot connect to localhost&lt;/code&gt;.  Or, might this be some sort of networking or other problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;crash:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;thufir@doge:~/NetBeansProjects/selenium$ &#xA;thufir@doge:~/NetBeansProjects/selenium$ gradle clean fatJar;java -jar build/libs/selenium-all.jar &#xA;&#xA;BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 50s&#xA;4 actionable tasks: 4 executed&#xA;Jul 09, 2017 12:48:57 PM net.bounceme.dur.web.selenium.Main main&#xA;INFO: init..&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:11551 [localhost/127.0.0.1] failed: Connection refused (Connection refused)&#xA;Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'&#xA;System info: host: 'doge', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-21-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_111'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:91)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:637)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:250)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:236)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:137)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:191)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:108)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(FirefoxDriver.java:104)&#xA;    at net.bounceme.dur.web.selenium.Scraper.scrape(Scraper.java:24)&#xA;    at net.bounceme.dur.web.selenium.Main.run(Main.java:20)&#xA;    at net.bounceme.dur.web.selenium.Main.main(Main.java:15)&#xA;Caused by: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:11551 [localhost/127.0.0.1] failed: Connection refused (Connection refused)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:159)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:359)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:381)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:237)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:185)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:89)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:111)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:185)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:72)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:56)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.fallBackExecute(ApacheHttpClient.java:139)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.execute(ApacheHttpClient.java:87)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:343)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:159)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:142)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)&#xA;    ... 10 more&#xA;Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (Connection refused)&#xA;    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)&#xA;    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:350)&#xA;    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)&#xA;    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)&#xA;    at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)&#xA;    at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:589)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(PlainConnectionSocketFactory.java:75)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:142)&#xA;    ... 25 more&#xA;thufir@doge:~/NetBeansProjects/selenium$ &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package net.bounceme.dur.web.selenium;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.Properties;&#xA;import java.util.logging.Logger;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Scraper {&#xA;&#xA;    private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Scraper.class.getName());&#xA;&#xA;    public Scraper() {&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void scrape(Properties p) {&#xA;        log.fine(p.toString());&#xA;&#xA;        String key = &quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;;&#xA;        String url = p.getProperty(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;        String value = p.getProperty(key);&#xA;        System.setProperty(key, value);&#xA;        // System.setProperties(p);&#xA;&#xA;        log.info(url);&#xA;        log.info(value);&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(url);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;properties file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;url:http://www.google.com&#xA;url2:file:///home/thufir/wget/foo.html&#xA;webdriver.gecko.driver:/usr/bin/firefox&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8900" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T15:49:08.780" Title="WebDriverException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28407" CreationDate="2017-07-09T22:18:12.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;webdriver.gecko.driver&lt;/code&gt; property needs to be pointed to a &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt; executable (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver#selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reference&lt;/a&gt;), not firefox browser itself. Make sure &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt; executable has &quot;x&quot; (execution) permissions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also add it to &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/geckodriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then just start the driver without setting the system properties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T01:29:19.713" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T01:29:19.713" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28410" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28395" CreationDate="2017-07-10T00:52:01.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're getting the error on the assertion line, it's exactly what the message tells you - you're getting a null reference.  Often this is due to the fact that your &lt;code&gt;FindElement()&lt;/code&gt; fails, so then when you try to access one of the methods or properties (e.g. &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Displayed&lt;/code&gt;), you get a null reference error since the object isn't what you think it is (it's null because the element wasn't found).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For debugging, you can just add some checks after each of the &lt;code&gt;FindElement()&lt;/code&gt; calls to verify an element was found, but really, the stack trace/console logging should point you to the exact line that failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T00:52:01.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28394" CreationDate="2017-07-10T04:02:04.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should take a few of the bugs found by the outside testers and ask your team how/why those weren't found by the internal team.  Be clear that you aren't looking for fault, only trying to understand why they found bugs afterwards - for the purpose of learning &amp;amp; improving. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T04:02:04.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T05:43:53.370" Score="3" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project, on that project developers are doing a very good job that we hardly find the bugs on that application. Everything is running very smoothly client is very happy with the developers. but now client think that we are not reporting bugs &amp;amp; we are not doing anything which is not true Now how to handle this situation. How to explain this thing to the client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T06:51:43.157" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T10:19:51.663" Title="How to handle client when developer worked very well and tester are not finding bugs in Application" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28413" CreationDate="2017-07-10T05:49:24.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While testing this application I'm sure you might have documented your test plan and also the cases you executed for testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, you can share those documents with the client saying these are the cases we have executed and also share with the client your test coverage data to show which areas and scenarios you have covered. From that the client will get an idea what testing was done for the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also go through the test cases yourself to see if you have missed anything or see if you can come up with more cases to test the application with. Also share this report once you're done testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way client will know that the application was tested properly and not many issues were found during testing. So they won't complain why a huge list of bugs has not been reported to them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8583" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T05:49:24.853" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28415" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T06:25:48.873" Score="1" ViewCount="1135" Body="&lt;p&gt;When clicked on a button, a new window opened but I am unable to perform any operation on this window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do I get selenium to use the new window?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;       System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;D:\\selenium\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;base url&quot;);&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(&quot;new tab&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpathExpression)).click();//While clicking on the button new window is opening &#xA;        //code to perform operation on new window&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpathExpression)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25818" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T11:51:30.007" LastActivityDate="2019-12-13T13:02:55.467" Title="While clicking control should go to the new window" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28415" CreationDate="2017-07-10T07:01:54.143" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To switch control from child &amp;amp; parent window, we can use windowHandlers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are multiple child windows you want to access, then iterators will be helpful to navigate &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hope, below snippet will help you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; handles =wd.getWindowHandles();&#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; it = handles.iterator();&#xA;//iterate through your windows&#xA;&#xA;String parent = it.next();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;parent window:&quot;+parent);&#xA;&#xA;String newwin = it.next();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;new window:&quot;+newwin);&#xA;&#xA;wd.switchTo().window(newwin);&#xA;&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Confirm you are on new window&quot;+wd.getTitle());&#xA;&#xA;Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;&#xA;//perform actions on new window here&#xA;//perform actions on new window here&#xA;//perform actions on new window here&#xA;&#xA;wd.close();&#xA;wd.switchTo().window(parent);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T07:01:54.143" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28417" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T07:32:11.820" Score="1" ViewCount="1564" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Jmeter, how to test performance, for a load of 100 thousand users?&#xA;I would deeply appreciate any help on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put 100000 users in the thread and give 200000 ramp-up time. Is it working or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26781" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T08:31:07.723" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T08:36:00.240" Title="Using JMeter, how to test performance, for a load of 100000 users?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-07-11T02:43:33.260" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28417" CreationDate="2017-07-10T08:36:00.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First of all it is highly unlikely you will be able to spawn 100 000 virtual users using single JMeter instance so most probably you will have to go for &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Distributed Testing&lt;/a&gt;, it means that you will need to get several &lt;strong&gt;JMeter Slaves&lt;/strong&gt; which will be orchestrated by &lt;strong&gt;JMeter Master&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The number of virtual users which can be simulated from one host varies and depends on many factors, i.e. test nature (hardware specifications, request/response sizes, number of &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#samplers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;samplers&lt;/a&gt;, number of &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#preprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;preprocessors&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;postprocessors&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#assertions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;assertions&lt;/a&gt;, etc.) so you need to identify how &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/what%E2%80%99s-the-max-number-of-users-you-can-test-on-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;many users you will be able to simulate using JMeter from a single machine&lt;/a&gt;. Once you figure that out you will be able to calculate how many JMeter Slaves you need. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Always stick to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Best Practices&lt;/a&gt;, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#non_gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Run your test in non-GUI mode&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use only those pre/post processors and assertions which are absolutely required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disable or remove all the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/greedy-listeners-memory-leeches-performance-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Listeners&lt;/a&gt; during the test run as they don't add any value and consume a lot of resources. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming all above you should be able to simulate 100 000 users. Just remember one thing: all JMeter Slaves are basically executing &lt;strong&gt;the same test plan&lt;/strong&gt; so you will need to divide the total number of users by the number of JMeter Slaves, examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;10 JMeter Slaves, each has 10 000 users - you will get 100 000 users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;20 JMeter Slaves, each has 5 000 users - you will get 100 000 users&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T08:36:00.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28419" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T09:44:27.060" Score="1" ViewCount="212" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to read JMeter test as a readable text response?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recorded scripts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6tzVX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6tzVX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8Ae4z.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8Ae4z.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;View result tree&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/W8uhM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/W8uhM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zjNAt.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zjNAt.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T09:51:43.597" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T07:15:48.877" Title="How to read JMeter test as a readable text response?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23284" CreationDate="2017-07-10T10:35:03.153" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Certain browsers (such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://vivaldi.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;vivaldi&lt;/a&gt;) allow you to show/hide what is and isn't being loaded from the browser's cache.   When performing manual testing this can allow you to easily switch between the modes to ensure what you are loading is coming from the server on page load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hB83c.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hB83c.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T10:35:03.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28421" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T10:58:25.610" Score="3" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just started to learn QTP 11.00 In one program I am getting one compilation error on this line on QTP tool&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim plus = 10&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I am unable to understand this what is wrong with this line please help here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T13:53:56.563" Title="Compilation error on variable declaration in QTP" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26133" CreationDate="2017-07-10T11:04:25.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the basic level of coding skills will be sufficient however, I would completely avoid the record-and-playback/generated code approach in Coded UI. I also recently switched from UFT (VB Scripting) to Coded UI (C#). Not sure if you are planning to convert your existing UFT scripts to Coded UI or will be developing the hand coding framework from the start. I bought the following book from Amazon which used hand coding framework for the Web and Windows based applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1547000856&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hand Coding Coded UI by G.Suden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Later on found out that if you buy from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.createspace.com/7208560&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this link&lt;/a&gt; and use code U85UWTGF, you will get a 20% discount! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally think I you go through this book, you will need to learn a very basic level of C#. Moreover, the book has complete code for Web and Windows applications (Forms and WPF) which will be a great help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26787" LastEditorUserId="26787" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T15:11:17.320" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T15:11:17.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28423" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28427" CreationDate="2017-07-10T11:17:22.023" Score="2" ViewCount="10407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to locate element &lt;strong&gt;TableHeader&lt;/strong&gt; which is inside a form table, it has the following page structure: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;table id=&quot;topNavigation&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;PageContent&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;table cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt; &#xA;          &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt; &#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;TableLeftCor&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;TableHeader&quot;&amp;gt; Main &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt; &#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;TableRightCor&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;table cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div id=&quot;copyright&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can u please help how to locate &lt;strong&gt;table-header&lt;/strong&gt; using &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame().&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25224" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T12:36:14.767" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T04:30:29.287" Title="How to locate element inside &lt;form&gt; &lt;table&gt; element &lt;/table&gt; &lt;/form&gt;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17417" CreationDate="2017-07-10T11:28:22.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If a test method is annotated with &lt;code&gt;@Test(enabled = false)&lt;/code&gt;, then the test case that is not ready to test is bypassed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26789" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T11:30:20.037" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T11:30:20.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28425" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T11:42:52.060" Score="3" ViewCount="791" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a WCF service. The method I have to access has 1 parameter as input whose type is Stream.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how to provide stream object from JMeter to the WCF service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I have written a C# method (MVC Project) which accepts string from JMeter and then converts it into Stream type object, Which is then processed by the WCF service. But this approach does not give the actual performance of the WCF service&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:26:05.980" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:26:05.980" Title="How to test a WCF service with JMeter when the WCF method accepts parameter as an Stream Object" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28426" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28419" CreationDate="2017-07-10T12:41:13.287" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OSCP&lt;/strong&gt; stands for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Certificate_Status_Protocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Online Certificate Status Protocol&lt;/a&gt;, so you need to decode it via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#jsr223&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Test Elements&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bouncycastle.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bouncy Castle libraries&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_PostProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 PostProcessor&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the request and add the relevant script to decode the response and check its status. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-ocsp-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Load Test OCSP with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; article for more details including example code snippets. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T12:41:13.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28423" CreationDate="2017-07-10T12:47:14.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Simple said to describe deference between Frame and Forms, is Frames are a sub-Window from main browser, so to handle objects inside we have to switch driver to this window.&#xA;But Form is an organizing control to group HTML controls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see Ref : &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_frame.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_frame.asp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Locate Object in a Frame:&#xA;1- Define an object for the frame control.&#xA;2- switch the driver to this frame.&#xA;3- start finding and dealing with the elements inside the frame.&#xA;4- close the frame after finishing.&#xA;5- switch the driver again to the default content after closing the frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;General Example Selenium/C# :  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public IWebDriver Driver;&#xA;public IWebElement GeneralFrame;&#xA;Driver.SwitchTo().Frame(GeneralFrame); &#xA;&#xA;/*&#xA;locate your test objects by using findelment functions and deal with them.&#xA;after that make sure to close the frame.&#xA;then switch to default content.&#xA;*/&#xA;&#xA;Driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26791" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T04:30:29.287" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T04:30:29.287" CommentCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28379" CreationDate="2017-07-10T13:05:40.880" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Microsoft has changed the behavior of IE11, and broken the IE driver in the process.&#xA;The problem is with the browser's behavior change. There is no clear-cut workaround yet. You could try setting the initialBrowserUrl capability via the InternetExplorerOptions&#xA;class, but there's no guarantee that it will work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;InternetExplorerDriverService ieDriverService = InternetExplorerDriverService.CreateDefaultService(webDriverDir);&#xA;&#xA;ieDriverService.LoggingLevel = InternetExplorerDriverLogLevel.Trace;   &#xA;ieDriverService.LogFile = &quot;c:\\jenkins\\iedriver.log&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;var ieOptions = new InternetExplorerOptions();&#xA;ieOptions.ForceCreateProcessApi = true;&#xA;ieOptions.BrowserCommandLineArguments = &quot;-private&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;return new InternetExplorerDriver(ieDriverService, ieOptions);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T04:44:05.823" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T04:44:05.823" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28415" CreationDate="2017-07-10T13:11:26.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea, You are not able to deal with controls in new opened window, Because it may be a Frame control, and you should switch to that frame window first to handle the objects inside it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28423/how-to-locate-element-inside-form-table-element-table-form&quot;&gt;Please check the answer here in this similar post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26791" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T13:11:26.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28431" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28374" CreationDate="2017-07-10T14:39:32.390" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;OP: you seems to see your role in QA as &lt;strong&gt;Quality Assurance&lt;/strong&gt;. That is wrong. You are in &lt;strong&gt;Quality Assistance&lt;/strong&gt; business. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your role is to keep communication between all interested parties, so concerns of all parties are heard and risks are managed. It is &lt;strong&gt;not up to you to decide if configuration is too trivial to test&lt;/strong&gt;: there are &lt;strong&gt;people with much more relevant information and skills&lt;/strong&gt;: your developers, your system and DB administrators, etc. Your role is to &lt;strong&gt;make sure they all stakeholders agree on the level of risk&lt;/strong&gt;, and business is accepting their decision, while all steps of the process of developing, testing and deploying the bug fix are followed (or exception is granted for valid business reasons).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if all stakeholders agreed that no testing is necessary, quite often as QA you may want to make some testing. More than once in my experience such testing uncovered a real bug. :-) This is more related to having a &quot;feel&quot; for your application, knowing where dark corners are where bugs might be lurking. Or you know that some developers make better own testing, while others rely more on QA to test the heck out of the app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T14:39:32.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28386" CreationDate="2017-07-10T14:49:24.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, the best practice to write a user keyword depends upon the scope of that keyword. Robot framework is flexible enough that it can search  keywords in all resource files and even in nested resource files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am using a keyword which is required only for a given  suite, then it is better to write that keyword in keywords section of that suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have a keyword which is used in multiple test suites then it is better to define it in some keywords file which is acquired in those test suites. (It makes your project neater.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I have a keyword upon which multiple keywords depend then it is best to write it in a global resource file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I follow this structure(helps me in maintaining a  clean structure):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BMEBe.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BMEBe.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see in this structure that i am using a directory for global resources which is used by API suites and GUI suites both.&#xA;But also i have another &quot;resources&quot; folder in both API and GUI suites which contain those keywords which are required by API and GUI test suites respectively.&#xA;This helps me in maintaining API keywords and GUI keywords separately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also in some of my projects, I have used multiple resource files to make my project more clear and easy to maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21007" LastEditorUserId="21007" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T15:01:10.553" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T15:01:10.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28394" CreationDate="2017-07-10T15:28:56.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe this comes down to a personal pet peeve of mine.&#xA;It has become a fairly common thing for the testers to be integrated into the development teams, which, in itself, is a good thing. It shortens the feedback paths and accelerates the development. On the other hand the testers are much closer to the development process and are in danger to adopt certain biases. &#xA;Let's assume a new feature gets implemented and validation of said feature is accomplished by using a complicated regex. The tester will be objected to discussions within the team and he will, willingly or not, develop a bias against the input validation, something the devs probably tested thoroughly themselves. &#xA;An external tester would test the input validation but since he wouldn't suspect it to break he wouldn't spend as much time on it. It's a concept called believe bias and sadly enough there is nothing you can do against it (at least I came up with nothing that would solve the problem yet).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not saying it's the only factor but it is an often overlooked factor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T15:28:56.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T15:40:21.453" Score="5" ViewCount="636" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I find the IP addressses used by the agent computers in a Visual Studio load test? When using Microsoft's cloud based load testing service I see the status message that &lt;code&gt;This load test will run using 2 Internet Protocol (IP) addresses&lt;/code&gt; but how do I learn what they are? I have not seen the addressses within the headers or bodies of the http(s) messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst it would be possible to add a request to one of the many &quot;what is my IP address?&quot; servers I do not want to add that load to my tests nor to the external servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2018-02-04T09:41:12.390" Title="IP Addresses of agents used when load testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="13" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27187" CreationDate="2017-07-10T15:49:59.697" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To get started, may be you should refer the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/OWASP/owasp-mstg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OWASP Mobile Security Testing Guide repository&lt;/a&gt; on Github.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has tons of information, including what you should test, and how you should test, including information of tools which are used to test that particular scenario. It is a very active repository, with lots of activity happening everyday (Please star so that you can receive notifications). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best part is that they start with the very basics - the architecture of both IOS and Android operating system and then build it from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Combined with the cheat sheet given in the other answer, you have a goldmine of scenarios for mobile security testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T15:49:59.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28358" CreationDate="2017-07-10T16:17:26.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver has compatbility in pretty much most &lt;strong&gt;major&lt;/strong&gt; browsers and programming languages.  WebDriver has multiple interacting components:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A web browser.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A plugin/Extension &lt;em&gt;to&lt;/em&gt; the browser (which resides inside the browser, which contains a server that implements the WebDriver JSON API).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A language binding which makes HTTP requests, to the previously mentioned API.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you start code that uses WebDriver, it will open up the browser, which in turn&#xA;starts the plugin. You can then send requests to perform the actions you want, such as&#xA;clicking on links or typing text. As a plugin only needs to implement the JSON API,&#xA;people have written plugins for all major browsers. To use a browser that has a plugin,&#xA;you just need to implement a client to the JSON protocol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T16:17:26.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28204" CreationDate="2017-07-10T16:39:18.323" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Against flaky test &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2016/05/flaky-tests-at-google-and-how-we.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Googlers&lt;/a&gt; themselves &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gods_Themselves&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contend in vain&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(And yes, last link is a reference to a famous sci-fi novel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T16:39:18.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28439" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-10T16:48:44.167" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; is a test-framework for testing web-service APIs and it is a Domain Specific Language (DSL) focused on handling HTTP, JSON and XML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastEditorUserId="24292" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T17:06:48.753" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T17:06:48.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28440" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-10T16:48:44.167" Score="0" Body="Use this tag for questions related to web-service API testing using the Karate framework." OwnerUserId="24292" LastEditorUserId="24292" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T17:07:10.783" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T17:07:10.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28358" CreationDate="2017-07-10T17:01:34.730" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sadly none of the answers above are explaining what the real question here is. To understand how the &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt; works fundamentally, you need to understand the root first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is WebDriver anyway?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;, as it is called, is actually an open source tool for automating testing of web-apps across many browsers. It does that by &lt;code&gt;simulating&lt;/code&gt; the user actions on a webpage, like clicking on a button, filling out forms etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How does WebDriver communicates with Web Browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Glad you asked. WebDriver communicates or messages the browser (Chrome/Firefox/Safari/IE) using an specific protocol. This is called the &lt;code&gt;WebDriver JSON Wire Protocol&lt;/code&gt;, which is actually a &lt;code&gt;RESTful web service&lt;/code&gt; using &lt;code&gt;JSON&lt;/code&gt; over &lt;code&gt;HTTP&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All implementation of WebDriver - whether it is the &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/code&gt;, the &lt;code&gt;GeckoDriver&lt;/code&gt;, the &lt;code&gt;IEServerDriver&lt;/code&gt; need to use this wire protocol to communicate with the respective browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;wire protocol&lt;/code&gt; is implemented in &lt;code&gt;request/response&lt;/code&gt; pairs of &lt;code&gt;&quot;commands&quot;&lt;/code&gt;and &lt;code&gt;&quot;responses&quot;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Oh Really! How Does It Happen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ok. I'm not going that far into it. To understand how this &lt;code&gt;wire protocol&lt;/code&gt; communicates using the respective implementation, you need to know and read more about the messaging and response from the protocol. The &lt;code&gt;Selenium&lt;/code&gt; project's &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Github&lt;/a&gt; account is a good place and it has been explained in detail &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; about the wire &lt;code&gt;protocol&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Hey, But What About ChromeDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Oh yeah! &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/code&gt; is the extension of the &lt;code&gt;WebDriver's wire protocol&lt;/code&gt;for Chromium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ChromeDriver actually is a &lt;code&gt;standalone server&lt;/code&gt; which implements &lt;code&gt;WebDriver's wire protocol for Chromium. It comes in an executable form, which can be downloaded from the&lt;/code&gt;ChromeDriver's` website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ChromeDriver actually consists of three separate pieces -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Browser&lt;/strong&gt; - The Chrome browser itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Language Bindings (Driver)&lt;/strong&gt; - Particular language bindings available in Java/Python/PHP/C# that you can directly use in your program/script to send commands to the &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in Java you call this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/strong&gt; - The final and most important piece of this trilogy is the executable (that I just talked above), which acts as a bridge between &quot;chrome&quot; - from &lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt; and the &quot;driver&quot; from &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it is actually a &lt;code&gt;middleman&lt;/code&gt; between your code and your browser- yikes sounds gross. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jobs.zalando.com/tech/blog/selenium-webdriver-explained/?gh_src=4n3gxh1&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt; is a good read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T17:01:34.730" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28443" CreationDate="2017-07-10T17:26:49.723" Score="2" ViewCount="339" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for protractor best practices of sorts, is there any recommended 'average' length or size of an individual end to end test? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our platforms features are all highly dependent upon on another so writing one off, short tests are proving to be difficult. The plan is to write as many scripts as needed and run them in parallel so length shouldn't matter.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T17:40:05.853" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T17:53:27.363" Title="Average protractor test script length?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;testing-practice&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28442" CreationDate="2017-07-10T17:34:01.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there is a specific recommended test length threshold, but here are some of the things we've taken into account:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;measure code complexity&lt;/em&gt; of your tests and specify practical thresholds (we use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/vigetlabs/grunt-complexity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;grunt-complexity&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enforce one top-level &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt; per file - this helps to avoid having multiple tests inside a single file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;group test specs by a &quot;feature&quot; or &quot;screen&quot; into directories&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try to have a single &lt;code&gt;expect&lt;/code&gt; per &lt;code&gt;it()&lt;/code&gt; block - one assertion per test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/page-objects.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object pattern&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;follow the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY principle&lt;/a&gt; - moving common repeated code into global &quot;helpers&quot; module &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;code&gt;using&lt;/code&gt; from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/jasmine-data-provider&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jasmine-data-provider&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to &quot;multiply&quot; tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;em&gt;custom jasmine matchers&lt;/em&gt; if a specific multi-step check is repeated and would benefit from being extracted into a jasmine matcher - for instance, we have a &lt;code&gt;toBeActive()&lt;/code&gt; jasmine matcher that verifies that an element is in focus&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;code&gt;ESLint&lt;/code&gt; static code analysis tool with the relevant &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/eslint-plugin-jasmine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;eslint-plugin-jasmine&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/eslint-plugin-protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;eslint-plugin-protractor&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;  plugins to enforce best-practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the current stats from our protractor test codebase:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;total specs: 239&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the smallest spec: 12 lines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the largest spec: 242 lines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;average spec: 66 lines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T17:53:27.363" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T17:53:27.363" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28446" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="32772" CreationDate="2017-07-10T19:59:10.463" Score="6" ViewCount="3405" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we execute the same set of end-to-end browser-automated tests on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/start&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt;, we notice a &lt;em&gt;dramatic slowdown&lt;/em&gt; - tests are much slower than if executed locally and there are occasional failures because of timing issues. We try to address the failures by adding explicit waits, which overall make the tests less readable and the test flow less understandable and clean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the general guidelines to improve on end-to-end testing execution speed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our stack includes Protractor/WebDriverJS; we use &lt;code&gt;grunt&lt;/code&gt; tasks to start a local build server and expose it to BrowserStack via &lt;a href=&quot;https://ngrok.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ngrok&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T02:43:56.120" LastActivityDate="2019-04-13T10:31:04.427" Title="Speeding up end-to-end tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;browserstack&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28447" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-10T20:32:28.010" Score="1" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm part of a team building a relatively large platform that needs high code coverage in its testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With code coverage: 1 hour of execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Without code coverage: 10min of execution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are just at the beginning of the project; in the next few months with this test architecture I think we could get to 4-5 hours of execution with code coverage and 50 min without.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We want to run 100% of our tests to deploy, and sometimes we want to deploy our changes very quickly, so even 10 min execution is already a lot of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to particularly explain our test architecture, which is a lot about Symfony3, Phpunit, etc., because the question is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do big companies like Facebook and Google run their (compared to us) super massive tests bases quickly? Do you have some docs that are &quot;must-reads&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already heard of distributed testing, etc. but it is a bit fuzzy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26805" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T21:08:24.987" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T21:08:24.987" Title="Testing at scale" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28447" CreationDate="2017-07-10T20:54:48.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some ways to help in approaching this scenario would be but not limited too:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have the majority of your automated tests at the unit/integration level (much more lightweight than e2e GUI ones)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorporate e2e GUI tests as &lt;em&gt;effeciently&lt;/em&gt; as possible, add them when there is real benefit of having them and run them independently in parallel to cut down execution time on that front.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to implement the testing pyramid from day 1 as effectively as possible (&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Testing Pyramid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Respect the reality of the situation, if you are building a massive test suite, it is simply not possible to have it execute in &quot;5&quot; minutes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manage your tests effectively into groups, making it easy to execute particular groups later incase you do not need to execute everything (you won't always need to run every single test every single time).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spend time writing effecient code that runs as quickly as possible (definitely the case for the UI level automated tests moreso than anywhere)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't get too caught up with what google or facebook are doing, chances are its not very applicable to your needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;70% unit test, 20% Integration and 10% end-to-end test is a great figure to aim for&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T20:54:48.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28447" CreationDate="2017-07-10T21:00:45.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IIRC, &lt;code&gt;coverage.py&lt;/code&gt; has a module/plugin/runmode which can analyze the commit and run only tests which exercise changed code. Not sure if PHP has such runmode for coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it is not a silver bullet (nothing is), but it can help you to decrease test runtime. If you go that way, you may want (possibly on a separate build server) to run separate, full tests, even if they will run much slower, so they might not be able to keep up with every commit - run them continuously for all commits since the last run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T21:00:45.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28447" CreationDate="2017-07-10T21:10:48.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of the things you can do to improve on testing speed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;parallelize tests&lt;/strong&gt; - some of the test runners that I've used before, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;py.test&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;nosetests&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; support running tests in parallel. In &lt;code&gt;py.test&lt;/code&gt; world, there is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.pytest.org/en/3.0.0/xdist.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;xdist&lt;/code&gt; plugin&lt;/a&gt; that allows to parallelize tests across CPUs and separate machines&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;prioritize and fail fast&lt;/strong&gt; - make sure the critical tests are executed earlier and you get the feedback as early as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;review your existing tests&lt;/em&gt; and make sure you &lt;strong&gt;understand the bottlenecks&lt;/strong&gt;. See if you can detect unnecessarily slow tests  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;review how test data is prepared/generated&lt;/strong&gt; and see if it can be improved. Make sure this step is not taking more time than actual tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How big companies like Fb, Google manages to quickly run their ( compaired to us ) super massive tests bases quickly ? Do you have some docs that I must read absolutely ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it does not make much sense replicating what huge tech giants do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.bradfieldcs.com/you-are-not-google-84912cf44afb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;You Are Not Google&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow-up read:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/184834/how-do-we-make-unit-tests-run-fast&quot;&gt;How do we make unit tests run fast?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/devops/entry/making_your_automated_tests_faster1?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Making Your Automated Tests Faster&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-10T21:16:56.727" LastActivityDate="2017-07-10T21:16:56.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28453" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28643" CreationDate="2017-07-11T04:52:23.697" Score="11" ViewCount="1325" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've noticed that free-style exploratory testing is oftentimes a better source of new previously undiscovered issues. But, from time to time, I see our testers spending hours in a row in &quot;free&quot; testing without a specific idea in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we train and improve our QA team exploratory testing skills? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the ideas I had in mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set up regular workshops demonstrating how were some of the bugs discovered during previous exploratory testing sessions, what led to them being discovered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;maintain a shared page/notebook of the potential exploratory testing ideas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pair-testing in a &quot;free&quot; style manner  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T18:52:37.833" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T10:31:00.243" Title="Good practices for finding valid issues in exploratory testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;good-practices&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28446" CreationDate="2017-07-11T04:55:18.547" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my point of view here are some general guidelines to improve end-to-end testing execution speed for GUI automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Build a solid Object Repository by using unique attributes/properties to define test objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2-Devide test script into small test functions that are simple (Do not re-implement complex business).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Define correct points where to add Sync functions (moving to new page, waiting to object appear/disappear , waiting for property change,.....etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4- Use Dynamic waiting not implicit, for the correct behavior / property of a test object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5- Modify the Driver Time out (Selenium) to be 1 : 5 seconds no more, because each time we use FindElement() Function the Driver will wait this time until object loaded in DOM or throw exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[Conclusion]&#xA; - Design your Test Script by a way to get benefit of tool speed and also Synchronized with Application performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example of Selenium/C# Dynamic wait for object to be loaded in DOM and displayed on GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Calling for bellow Function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Public IwebElement TestObject;&#xA;TestObject.Exists(5); // where 5 is time out by seconds.&#xA;&#xA;public static bool Exists(this IWebElement element,int timeOut)&#xA;    {&#xA;        //GlobalVars.Test.Browser is IwebDriver Object&#xA;         bool isExist = false;&#xA;&#xA;        // check that element is not null;&#xA;        if (element == null)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // check the element existance.&#xA;        try&#xA;        {               &#xA;&#xA;            GlobalVars.Test.Browser.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0);&#xA;            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(GlobalVars.Test.Browser, TimeSpan.FromSeconds((double)timeOut));&#xA;            wait.IgnoreExceptionTypes(typeof(StaleElementReferenceException));&#xA;            isExist = wait.Until&amp;lt;bool&amp;gt;((d) =&amp;gt; { try { return element.Displayed; } catch (Exception ex) { return false; } });&#xA;&#xA;            return isExist;&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception ex)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;        finally&#xA;        {&#xA;            GlobalVars.Test.Browser.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(GlobalVars.Test.BrowserTimeOut);&#xA;        }   &#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26791" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T04:55:18.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28455" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28457" CreationDate="2017-07-11T05:05:42.813" Score="15" ViewCount="5917" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a place for gamification in software testing? Could it be made as a part of a regular testing process and could it have a positive impact on productivity and quality?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been thinking about gamifying our manual testing efforts, make up some &quot;competitions&quot; with badges and awards, here are some of the ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;number of bugs per a testing marathon&lt;/em&gt; - compete in a number of discovered bugs in a limited amount of time (say, per a testing sprint iteration). Bugs may have severity coefficients to have a weighted number of points per bug &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compete in a &lt;em&gt;funniest/weirdest bug&lt;/em&gt; per release and have a maintained &quot;hall of fame&quot;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;set up an &lt;em&gt;&quot;artificial bug&quot; scenario&lt;/em&gt;, when a tester is given a type of an existing problem (for instance, SQL injection vulnerability because of not properly validated input), but not given a place and steps to reproduce &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What other ideas do you have in mind?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Please let me know if it simply sounds silly, counter-productive and will never work :)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T08:06:05.937" Title="Gamification in software testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28474" CreationDate="2017-07-11T05:10:03.590" Score="0" ViewCount="22984" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to launch Chrome browser with cucumber script and getting:&#xA;I'm Using Cucumber Selenium Script &#xA;Selenium - 2.53.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[31mFailure in before hook:[0m[31mLoginWorkFlow_StepDefinition.beforeFeature()[0m&#xA;[31mMessage: [0m[31morg.openqa.selenium.remote.UnreachableBrowserException: Could not start a new session. Possible causes are invalid address of the remote server or browser start-up failure.&#xA;Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1cd5757287168e54b817830adce9b0158d', time: '2016-06-30 19:26:09'&#xA;System info: host: 'JKCS-LASITHA', ip: '10.2.241.46', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:665)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:249)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:131)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:144)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:170)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:159)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:116)&#xA;    at com.jkcs.Config.stepDefinitions.BaseStepDefinition.driverSetup(BaseStepDefinition.java:126)&#xA;    at com.jkcs.Config.stepDefinitions.LoginWorkFlow_StepDefinition.beforeFeature(LoginWorkFlow_StepDefinition.java:176)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Utils$1.call(Utils.java:37)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Timeout.timeout(Timeout.java:13)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Utils.invoke(Utils.java:31)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.java.JavaHookDefinition.execute(JavaHookDefinition.java:60)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runHookIfTagsMatch(Runtime.java:223)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runHooks(Runtime.java:211)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runBeforeHooks(Runtime.java:201)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberScenario.run(CucumberScenario.java:40)&#xA;    at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberFeature.run(CucumberFeature.java:165)&#xA;    at cucumber.api.testng.TestNGCucumberRunner.runCucumber(TestNGCucumberRunner.java:63)&#xA;    at cucumber.api.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.feature(AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.java:21)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:643)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:820)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1128)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:782)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:632)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:366)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:361)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:319)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:268)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1244)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1169)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1064)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:230)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:76)&#xA;Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset&#xA;Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1cd5757287168e54b817830adce9b0158d', time: '2016-06-30 19:26:09'&#xA;System info: host: 'JKCS-LASITHA', ip: '10.2.241.46', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:91)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:644)&#xA;    ... 47 more&#xA;Caused by: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset&#xA;    at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.io.SessionInputBufferImpl.streamRead(SessionInputBufferImpl.java:139)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.io.SessionInputBufferImpl.fillBuffer(SessionInputBufferImpl.java:155)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.io.SessionInputBufferImpl.readLine(SessionInputBufferImpl.java:284)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:140)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:57)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractMessageParser.parse(AbstractMessageParser.java:261)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.DefaultBHttpClientConnection.receiveResponseHeader(DefaultBHttpClientConnection.java:165)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.CPoolProxy.receiveResponseHeader(CPoolProxy.java:167)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.doReceiveResponse(HttpRequestExecutor.java:272)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.execute(HttpRequestExecutor.java:124)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:271)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:184)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:88)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:110)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:184)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:71)&#xA;    at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:55)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.fallBackExecute(ApacheHttpClient.java:144)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.execute(ApacheHttpClient.java:90)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:142)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)&#xA;    ... 48 more&#xA;[0m&#xA;      [31morg.openqa.selenium.remote.UnreachableBrowserException: Could not start a new session. Possible causes are invalid address of the remote server or browser start-up failure.&#xA;      Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1cd5757287168e54b817830adce9b0158d', time: '2016-06-30 19:26:09'&#xA;      System info: host: 'JKCS-LASITHA', ip: '10.2.241.46', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;      Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:665)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:249)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:131)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(RemoteWebDriver.java:144)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:170)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:159)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:116)&#xA;        at com.jkcs.Config.stepDefinitions.BaseStepDefinition.driverSetup(BaseStepDefinition.java:126)&#xA;        at com.jkcs.Config.stepDefinitions.LoginWorkFlow_StepDefinition.beforeFeature(LoginWorkFlow_StepDefinition.java:176)&#xA;        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.Utils$1.call(Utils.java:37)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.Timeout.timeout(Timeout.java:13)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.Utils.invoke(Utils.java:31)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.java.JavaHookDefinition.execute(JavaHookDefinition.java:60)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runHookIfTagsMatch(Runtime.java:223)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runHooks(Runtime.java:211)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runBeforeHooks(Runtime.java:201)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberScenario.run(CucumberScenario.java:40)&#xA;        at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberFeature.run(CucumberFeature.java:165)&#xA;        at cucumber.api.testng.TestNGCucumberRunner.runCucumber(TestNGCucumberRunner.java:63)&#xA;        at cucumber.api.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.feature(AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.java:21)&#xA;        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:86)&#xA;        at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:643)&#xA;        at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:820)&#xA;        at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1128)&#xA;        at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)&#xA;        at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:782)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:632)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:366)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:361)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:319)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:268)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;        at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1244)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1169)&#xA;        at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1064)&#xA;        at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:132)&#xA;        at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:230)&#xA;        at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:76)&#xA;      Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset&#xA;      Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1cd5757287168e54b817830adce9b0158d', time: '2016-06-30 19:26:09'&#xA;      System info: host: 'JKCS-LASITHA', ip: '10.2.241.46', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;      Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:91)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:644)&#xA;        ... 47 more&#xA;      Caused by: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset&#xA;        at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.io.SessionInputBufferImpl.streamRead(SessionInputBufferImpl.java:139)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.io.SessionInputBufferImpl.fillBuffer(SessionInputBufferImpl.java:155)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.io.SessionInputBufferImpl.readLine(SessionInputBufferImpl.java:284)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:140)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser.parseHead(DefaultHttpResponseParser.java:57)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractMessageParser.parse(AbstractMessageParser.java:261)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.DefaultBHttpClientConnection.receiveResponseHeader(DefaultBHttpClientConnection.java:165)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.conn.CPoolProxy.receiveResponseHeader(CPoolProxy.java:167)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.doReceiveResponse(HttpRequestExecutor.java:272)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestExecutor.execute(HttpRequestExecutor.java:124)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:271)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:184)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:88)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:110)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:184)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:71)&#xA;        at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:55)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.fallBackExecute(ApacheHttpClient.java:144)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.execute(ApacheHttpClient.java:90)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:142)&#xA;        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)&#xA;        ... 48 more&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26785" LastActivityDate="2020-09-25T13:00:12.123" Title="UnreachableBrowserException: Could not start a new session. Possible causes are invalid address of the remote server or browser start-up failure" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2017-07-11T05:41:37.827" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am in for this idea. This can be a part of regular testing. But whether it will have a positive impact on productivity; is largely dependent on the way you implement this idea.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Definitely, there are positive aspects of gamification which you have talked about above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I just want to focus on  implementation part of it. Because we have to take care of the down side of it too.&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Competition might lead to ego clashes between individuals which is counterproductive for the team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In order to get recognition, some team members might get into this race of raising bugs where even sometimes they are reporting crap.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;People might raise duplicate bugs and then again argument around who's  bug is going to be marked as duplicate and closed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A team member, who has not been recognized even once during last one or two sprints, might get demoralized. So, we have to take care of that too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But, having said that, I am not just against it. So, I want to add a few points to your list:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the intent should be to recognize as many people as possible because it will be motivating for all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For example, recognition for the team members who reported  &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Top 5 bugs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (which were most important).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am suggesting this award because from my experience, I have worked with people who are not very fast. They take their own time to test a functionality but are very thorough. So, the bugs that they log are of great importance to the project. So, this award will cover such people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect leakage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: Another award to the person or team who tested a particular functionality and no defect ( or 1 or 2 low priority defects) was reported in that functionality in UAT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Review effectiveness award&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: This will ensure better reviews. You can set a target for that. I mean if the review effectiveness is greater than 30% (for example) then that reviewer will get the recognition (if more than 30% of the total bugs raised in a functionality were caught during reviews).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No invalid defects&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;: This one will improve the quality of the bugs reported. Gradually, if all the team members end up getting this and are not reporting anything that is invalid, I would be happy to give this to everyone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Apart from this, there can be team events too. You can set some measures at team level as well. For example, if team delivers a release that adheres to certain quality parameters then there will be some kind of treat/outing or something for the whole team (We have targets for quality matrices like &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defect Removal efficiency, Defect Leakage and Review effectiveness&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) . This is important to keep the team spirit alive. Otherwise, I personally believe that too many individual awards/recognition can adversely impact the team spirit.So, we should maintain a balance between the two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T11:04:38.517" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28458" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28467" CreationDate="2017-07-11T06:34:56.260" Score="0" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to API testing, where to start my learning about API? what all are good to know features in API testing? Any documents link or advise on API testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26808" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T09:29:55.507" Title="API testing beginner" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-07-11T09:09:39.803" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28419" CreationDate="2017-07-11T07:15:48.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bellow error given with JSR223PostProcessor,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/J8n7s.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/J8n7s.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T07:15:48.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28163" CreationDate="2017-07-11T07:24:15.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Found a half solution and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Microsoft/WinAppDriver/issues/216&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;logged the issue&lt;/a&gt;: XPath works when you use it in context of another element, but not when searching from the driver level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Does not work &#xA;var button = CalculatorSession.FindElementsByXPath(&quot;.//Button&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// Works &#xA;var w = CalculatorSession.FindElementByClassName(&quot;Windows.UI.Core.CoreWindow&quot;); &#xA;var plus = w.FindElementsByXPath(&quot;.//*[@Name=\&quot;Plus\&quot;]&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T07:24:15.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28453" CreationDate="2017-07-11T07:34:20.787" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;set up regular workshops demonstrating how were some of the bugs discovered during previous exploratory testing sessions, what led to them being discovered&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yeah, definitely a good idea. I happen to have been thinking of something similar. Please read the bullet point below:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will be especially useful to set up a workshop that teaches/demonstrates how to visualize an object in variables. In an abstract, testing is all about altering one variable at a time and observe the outcome; if we could visualize a subject under test into its composing variables then we could even start tweaking one variable at a time. This practice would come close to a systematic exploratory testing. The reason I am saying &quot;close to&quot; is we will never able to systematically test every single variable in all possible ways.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;maintain a shared page/notebook of the potential exploratory testing ideas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I personally think this is not a good idea. From my personal experience, IT companies try to keep hard copies of testing ideas but no one would read them. The reasons are shown as below:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bad hand writing/grammars, surprisingly, not everyone writes down their ideas carefully enough so that others can read them in the future. Most of times, people's notes are so disorganized that they cannot even read their own notes in two weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;People have different ways of building logics; it is hard to copy/paste someone's logics from reading notes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Of course, idea notes can be reviewed to make sure that they are passing on ideas clearly but again, having someone review/edit notes cost resources. It is not a price every IT company wants to pay.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I speculate that having a short story of how an interesting bug is found/how a bug is found via an unexpected way and post those stories around the office and replace them regularly may be a good idea. When people are walking down a corridor, a story catches their eyes and a light bulb may get lit up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;pair-testing in a &quot;free&quot; style manner&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Yeah, this is definitely a good idea. It is not just limited to pair-testing, a whole group of people can be involved.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Put people on different projects that require different knowledge base&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different knowledge base, different background offers different perspectives. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Send testers to sit with customers&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers may not use a piece of software as a customer would. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T07:34:20.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2017-07-11T08:32:55.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Gamification is the act of applying game-like characteristics to a non-game situation in order to increase ‘user’ interaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An informal survey ran amongst my gaming (computer, board or roleplay) friends returned a nearly unanimous verdict that the returns they value from play-testing or beta-testing are the kudos of having been involved, early access to the game and the feel-good factor when they see the product changing based on their feedback. On a lesser note, they also appreciated it if their name appeared in the credits of the game on release.Finding challenges is easy, but finding resolutions for them is hard. It is difficult to look at the full scope of testing, instead it might be better to start with one part. In a recent meetup focused on gamification in testing, we discussed what part to select and agreed that regression testing could be a valid part to start at. Everyone had ideas on how to make it more motivating. In many cases the discussion was about that the participants did not want to do regression testing in a way that was meaningless. The group identified several things that could be done to avoid doing tasks in a meaningless way. We considered how to add gamification mechanics to make it more motivating. One reflection that we had was that a lot of what we thought we could gamify had to do with feedback to others or from others, information sharing and basically about improving communication. My own reflection from the meetup was that it was possible to use gamification to communicate value in testing with people that might have different ideas on what testing was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is a cost effective way to increase product quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It motivates your team to produce better quality work&#xA;Software development and testing can be boring if we repeat the same routine again and again. So why not to make a fun game after coding complete? In order to make a test campaign fun, you need to be fair. You need to define the weight of different kind of bug differently. You need to set ranking for the different level (For example Godlike, Knight, Grown-Up, Baby), as a goal for participants to aim. You need to keep everyone updated on the status by publishing the result daily. At the end of the campaign, you need to reward the top performer publicly and make it a carnival. It can be fun and build up morale within your company.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Gamification in software testing definitely is not a replacement for all other software testing options. However, it can bring unique values and be part of your software testing strategy in your organisation. It might be a lot of work to evaluate and calculate all the scoreboard result manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24367" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T08:32:55.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28453" CreationDate="2017-07-11T08:34:53.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To become better at exploratory testing , tester have to know the system they are working , They should have vast knowledge about the system . And some good level of IQ . Also , experiece is a fact , as much experience one tester is , much good bug finding will result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26788" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T08:34:53.583" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28458" CreationDate="2017-07-11T08:48:02.933" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To get started with API testing, I suggest the Postman app &amp;amp; its (good) documentation: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.getpostman.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26503" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T08:48:02.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28453" CreationDate="2017-07-11T08:59:06.233" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Understanding the Technology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they test a web application make sure they understand how JS, HTMl and CSS works. Maybe let them do some projects. You can't expect them to test for XSS vulnerabilities if they don't know how to inject JS. If you've got an idea of how the underlying tech works you can choose your input to be as evil as possible, if you know the backend uses excessive amounts of python throw in an emoji in your username and make sure they've set the right encoding, if it uses java with it's native utf-8 support this might be less of a problem that needs to be tested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my team I make a point of having them extend our intranet QA service to schedule tests, organize lists and so on on a regular basis. This way they get a feeling of what can go wrong and can transfer their problems to problems our product might have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T08:59:06.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2017-07-11T09:12:30.283" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd be very cautious around this. If the company culture is right and the team is open, transparent, and very trusting, this could be an excellent and fun activity.  Knowing this, adding any &quot;metrics&quot; whether they be aiming for fun or serious tracking, can have a significant impact on the team's mentality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would definitely shy away from the number of bugs, as this encourages people to raise bugs as much as they can, and by the fact that you use the term &quot;bugs&quot; you are already implying you have a negative view of &quot;identifying work not yet done&quot; within the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside, this question raises some questions around your development methodologies.  You mention sprints so I am going to assume you are using Scrum or some variation, in which case there shouldn't be &quot;bugs&quot; during a sprint - merely tasks or pieces of work that the team hasn't done yet. It's positive to identify these things earlier rather than later, whether a developer or tester identifies it.  Your language seems to be driving distance between &quot;dev&quot; and &quot;test&quot;, encouraging mini-waterfall rather than agile practices. Whatever &quot;game&quot; you create should equally apply to devs as testers, as QA is a whole team responsibility in agile teams. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might be reading too deeply into this, but the terminology you have used makes me think this gamification won't be a positive move for the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26816" LastEditorUserId="26816" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T17:08:19.193" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T17:08:19.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28458" CreationDate="2017-07-11T09:29:55.507" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;API TESTING is a type of software testing that involves testing application programming interfaces (APIs) directly and as part of integration testing to determine if they meet expectations for functionality, reliability, performance, and security. Since APIs lack a GUI, API testing is performed at the message layer.API is an acronym for Application Programming Interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It enables communication and data exchange between two separate software systems. A software system implementing an API contains functions/sub-routines which can be executed by another software system. &#xA;API testing is entirely different from GUI testing and mainly concentrates on the business logic layer of the software architecture. This testing won't concentrate on the look and feel of an application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of using standard user inputs(keyboard) and outputs, in API Testing, you use software to send calls to the API, get output, and note down the system's response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;API Testing requires an application to interact with API. In order to test an API, you will need to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Use Testing Tool to drive the API&#xA;Write your own code to test the API &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Set-up of API Test environment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;API testing is different than other testing types as GUI is not available, and yet you are required to setup initial environment that invokes API with required set of parameters and then finally examines the test result.&#xA;Hence, Setting up a testing environment for API testing seems a little complex.&#xA;Database and server should be configured as per the application requirements.&#xA;Once the installation is done, API Function should be called to check whether that API is working. &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;API testing is in many respects like testing software at the user-interface level, only instead of testing by means of standard user inputs and outputs, you use software to send calls to the API, get output, and log the system’s response. Depending on the testing environment, you may use a suite of prepared test applications, but very often, you will wind up writing code specifically to test the API. Regardless of the actual testing conditions, it is important to know what API test code should do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24367" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T09:29:55.507" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28453" CreationDate="2017-07-11T09:37:45.030" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I really like exploratory testing based on the following three ingredients:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Timebox&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The amount of time a tester gets&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Makes planning possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team decides per sprint/week/day etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows lean manual testing for others (e.g. developers or domain experts), too&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers are extremely focused (higher chance of finding bugs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example:&lt;/em&gt; usually between 30 – 60 minutes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Protocol&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So we know what has been tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helps to continuously improve manual testing skills&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What worked in the past, what not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go back in time and see why we didn't find a particular bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reuse powerful test cases or automate them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Helps to onboard new team members&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scope: XYZ creation wizard&#xA;Tour: landmark&#xA;Timebox: 60 minutes&#xA;&#xA;Test cases:&#xA;&#xA;1) open wizard - object selection dialog opens - C&#xA;2) go through all steps in order (1, 2, 3, 4) - arrived at final step - C&#xA;3) jump around on navigation bar: 3, 5, 2 - crash - B&#xA;&#xA;Opportunities: (C)orrect, (B)ug, (?) open question&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Testing Tour&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Describe how the SUT should be tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developed at Microsoft, used by many others&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Distinct and catchy names to improve communication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allows testers to come up with new test cases on the fly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Would be too open without tours (less focus, less control)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Become quickly part of the team vocabulary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Example:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Landmark: Most important features in different orders&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Anti-social: Always do the opposite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Garbage collector: Go street by street, house by house&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Supermodel: UI only&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this are just loose guidelines. For instance, some teams may like Git-versioned Markdown files for their protocols, whereas others may prefer Excel sheets in a private cloud. Feel free to adapt the whole process to your team's/department's/company's needs, while keeping the basic idea in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For further reading, I can recommend the following literature:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.de/dp/0321636414/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_qmjzzbT0TMV22&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;James A. Whittaker: Exploratory Software Testing: Tips, Tricks, Tours, and Techniques to Guide Test Design&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.de/dp/0471358460/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_2njzzbFET8DKR&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cem Kaner, Jack Falk, Hung Q. Nguyen: Testing Computer Software&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.de/dp/0471081124/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_MpjzzbA8H9PMB&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cem Kaner, James Bach, Bret Pettichord: Lessons Learned in Software Testing: A Context-Driven Approach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T16:15:18.307" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T16:15:18.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28469" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-11T10:58:26.520" Score="1" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to validate few status of the android device. Can any one let me know how to extract the information from adb dumpsys and validate the responses using Java. Your help is much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: 'adb shell dumpsys battery' this code when android device is connected to windows gets executed and will fetch the response. can someone help me how to extract the information from response and validate the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26789" LastEditorUserId="26789" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T07:23:10.733" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T07:23:10.733" Title="How to extract adb dumpsys response for validation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28470" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28471" CreationDate="2017-07-11T11:03:14.710" Score="5" ViewCount="356" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am very new to ios automation test and I plan to use Appium and selenium grid for parallel tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;according to apple, when testing it in a real device i have to have a developer id which costs 99 bucks per year. Now what if I only wanted to test the app using just the emulators in xcode only, is that free?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if I used xamarin to create tests for both, should I still need a developer id for testing ios?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T11:32:00.110" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T09:24:16.003" Title="What are my options in testing iOS devices, for free?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;selenium-grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28470" CreationDate="2017-07-11T11:27:37.557" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Create an appleID:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://appleid.apple.com/account#!&amp;amp;page=create&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and use &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.xamarin.com/guides/ios/getting_started/installation/device_provisioning/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;free provisioning:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which states that &lt;em&gt;Free provisioning allows developers to deploy their Xamarin.iOS application to their iOS device without being part of any Apple Developer Program&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.xamarin.com/guides/ios/getting_started/installation/device_provisioning/free-provisioning/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;details here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T09:24:16.003" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T09:24:16.003" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2017-07-11T11:44:01.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am both for and against this !!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am against using it with factors such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;most number of bugs found&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;highest number of end-to-end tests written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;most number of bugs closed this month&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've learned over time that it can be easy to fall into the trap of focusing on the measurement, not the outcome.  This can lead to situations such as filing more and more bugs that are not relevant to the business success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am for it when it is considered against factors such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more help given to others&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lower frequency of intermittent failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;higher test coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T11:44:01.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28473" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12425" CreationDate="2017-07-11T12:03:01.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can have a look on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/NaturalIntelligence/Stubmatic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stubmatic&lt;/a&gt;. It let's you stub HTTP(s) services like SOAP or REST web services or any HTTP(s) call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why it is QA friendly? Because I created it for QAs only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Starting with Stubmatic is just 3 steps task. Later on, you will have to map each request with response. Let me give you an example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-  request:&#xA;      url: /stubs/(admin|staff|customer|security)&#xA;&#xA;   response:&#xA;      body: response line&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For complex use you may require the knowledge of regular expressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;: I'm the author of &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/NaturalIntelligence/Stubmatic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stubmatic&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26823" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T01:56:17.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28456" CreationDate="2017-07-11T12:03:45.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unreachable browser exception comes when the session is closed or browser is not launched but web-driver is trying to access the browser or some elements on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's make it simple.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set web driver property first. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\chromedriver\\chromedriver.exe&quot;); &#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Make sure you have the latest or compatible (Chrome, Gecko or IE)driver.exe file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If the issue remains the same then, re start Eclipse or any IDE you are using. Update project and re run the test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26822" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T12:09:12.427" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T12:09:12.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27098" CreationDate="2017-07-11T12:37:18.593" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/tools.mat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Eclipse Memory Analyzer&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Memory Analyzer provides a general purpose toolkit to analyze Java heap dumps. Besides heap walking and fast calculation of retained sizes, the Eclipse tool reports leak suspects and memory consumption anti-patterns. The main area of application are Out Of Memory Errors and high memory consumption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The project is open source, actively maintained (supported by SAP as well as IBM), and offers a comprehensive documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T12:37:18.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28470" CreationDate="2017-07-11T13:21:35.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Question 1 : what if I only wanted to test the app using just the&#xA;  emulators in xcode only, is that free?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developer ID is mandatory for iOS app development. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you are using any app to test, You might be having development team with you. If yes, then you can use Developer ID used for that app &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Its not different for each developer. Its different for each app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Question 2 : If I used xamarin to create tests for both, should I&#xA;  still need a developer id for testing ios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Answer :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No, you do not need to have Developer ID for Xamarin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T13:21:35.003" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15845" CreationDate="2017-07-11T13:24:46.203" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;trace link&lt;/strong&gt; is a specified association between a pair of artifacts, one comprising the source and one comprising the target artifact. … [It] is effectively bidirectional. Where no concept of directionality is given or implemented is is referred to solely as an association.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a trace link is traversed from source to target, is is used in the &lt;strong&gt;primary direction&lt;/strong&gt;. Where link semantics are provided, they provide a way to “read” the traversal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a trace link is traversed from target to source, it is used in &lt;strong&gt;reverse direction&lt;/strong&gt;. Where link semantics may no longer be valid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bidirectional trace link&lt;/strong&gt; is a term used to refer to the fact that a trace link can be used both in a primary and in reverse link direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's a &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.itemis.com/en/about-bidirectional-traceability-link-semantics-and-a-toggle-button&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;discussion about bidirectional traceability&lt;/a&gt; and how it may be achieved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26825" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T13:24:46.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2017-07-11T15:00:39.560" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As they say &lt;strong&gt;be careful what you measure - you will get it&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many questions in workplace forums about metrics and motivation proposals which went wrong, debating how different metrics can be misused and gamed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use &quot;gamification&quot; as having more fun with the task. &quot;Gaming&quot; is also used in opposite sense: using the metrics against the original intent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, search by tags is broken for a while on SE, but try searching for &quot;metrics&quot; and &quot;productivity&quot;. I know there are many relevant questions, it is just harder to find them with broken search.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murphy%27s_law&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Murphy's law&lt;/a&gt; applies: &lt;strong&gt;if anything CAN go wrong, it WILL.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few of the threads on Workplace Exchange about gaming (any) metrics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/69894/how-to-handle-a-test-engineer-biased-to-one-of-our-team-member&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/69894/how-to-handle-a-test-engineer-biased-to-one-of-our-team-member&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/5940/how-to-measure-the-creative-workers-output-who-are-not-filling-in-the-timesheet&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/5940/how-to-measure-the-creative-workers-output-who-are-not-filling-in-the-timesheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/87887/how-to-objectively-measure-colleague-cooperation&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/87887/how-to-objectively-measure-colleague-cooperation&lt;/a&gt;   (mentions:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cuberules.com/2008/02/07/management-by-numbers-be-very-afraid/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://cuberules.com/2008/02/07/management-by-numbers-be-very-afraid/&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/22087/measure-competence-of-the-company-on-different-technology-areas&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/22087/measure-competence-of-the-company-on-different-technology-areas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/48053/how-productivity-or-working-hours-are-measured-in-software-development-jobs&quot;&gt;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/48053/how-productivity-or-working-hours-are-measured-in-software-development-jobs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T16:59:50.363" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T16:59:50.363" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26632" CreationDate="2017-07-11T15:32:22.080" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This tool was released lately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you upload a ZIP of your LoadRunner script, it will convert it to JMeter or Selenium.&#xA;It might not be 100%, but it will tell you what it couldn't convert and save you a lot of troubles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://shiftleft.blazemeter.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;shiftleft.blazemeter.com&quot;&gt;shiftleft.blazemeter.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IQztn.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IQztn.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6291" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T15:32:22.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28480" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28026" CreationDate="2017-07-11T16:07:51.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is clear from the Exception that Coded UI is unable to find the control. Whereas objects in a web page can have browser window as the parent but for WPF application you need to specify the object with the correct parent otherwise Coded UI won't be able to identify it during execution. Check that the parent of the RadioButton object is correctly defined as shown in the &quot;UI Control Map&quot;. I'm assuming you are using the hand coding approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26787" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T16:07:51.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2017-07-11T16:51:38.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've seen this done successfully for an external beta program that used hundreds of enthusiastic users of the current product to test out the next version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Points were awarded for simply using the product for &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; minutes each day, for being the first to report a bug (more points for higher severity bugs).  We also would embed &quot;prize words&quot; in the UI of under-tested features, and award points to testers who discovered them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the end of the beta cycle, points could be redeemed for swag like t-shirts, coffee mugs, free software, etc.  Testers with higher scores were invited to participate again in the next beta cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was long ago, so it required a hoard of beta coordinators to answer questions for beta testers, triage their bug reports, etc.  Today, a lot of that could be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26831" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T16:51:38.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28482" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28483" CreationDate="2017-07-11T17:13:26.687" Score="6" ViewCount="410" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the things that often helps to make tests more reliable and to reduce flakiness is &lt;em&gt;Explicit Waits&lt;/em&gt; - waiting for an element to be visible or clickable before interacting with it, waiting for a page url to change etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, on the other hand, adding explicit waits makes the codebase larger, less readable and the flow of the tests less explicit and understandable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What are some of the things we can do to keep tests readable and clean but also reliable and not flaky?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Our context: Protractor/WebDriverJS, Jasmine, using Page Objects&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T14:42:30.470" Title="Balancing readability and reliability in end-to-end testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;flaky&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28482" CreationDate="2017-07-11T17:32:31.003" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For readability and reliability:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The codebase being larger is not an issue for me.  All that gets changes is the way certain finds wait, plus a few short methods to: wait for page to download, wait for page to render, wait for js to finish, wait for element to appear, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tests that are less readable.  Also not an issue for me.  I'm likely to use something like wait_for(el) or wait_for(el,time) instead of find(el) and that is easy to understand to me.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Workflow that seems less readable and understandable.  Also not an issue for me, code that is there to do the find being changed to wait_for is still reasonably understandable to me.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So back to the title:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Balancing readability and reliability in end-to-end testing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reliability is important.  If wait strategies are needed to make the tests reliable then they are needed and should be used.  The two things I would do to try and make the tests readable are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure that the various wait strategies are extracted to helpers.  Name them well, e.g. wait_for(el), wait_for_page_load, wait_for_render, wait_for_js, etc. wait_for(el) should be a wrapper around the regular find you use for element(s).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use wait helpers consistently throughout the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T11:00:34.743" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T11:00:34.743" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2017-07-11T17:50:02.787" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a lot of horror stories that come right out efforts to increase bug reports purely for the sake of having more of them. It can create a lot of animosity between developers and qa engineers. The &quot;weirdest bug hall of fame&quot; can be a mark of shame for the developer who released it into the software. When I do manual testing, I'd much rather just hear a &quot;thank you&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest gamifying the training efforts, and building out a set of automated tests that will free manual qa engineers from having to test the same set of code repeatedly. This will allow them to focus on analysis and exploratory testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23512" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T17:50:02.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28485" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28482" CreationDate="2017-07-11T18:35:55.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I completely disagree with your premise that explicit wait decrease readability of my code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote a custom wrapper for wait, which not only enforces explicit wait (which as you also noticed decreases flakiness), but it also increases readability by wrapping additional helper activities to the necessary actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Years ago, I was trained to understand any programming project as developing a &lt;strong&gt;custom domain-specific high-level language&lt;/strong&gt; to solve problems in the domain area. This is not any different. With competent programming (and investing some in proper names and modularization), your code is both more readable and more reliable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it will take several attempts, refactoring, but it is just an old-school competent programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As always, when you squeeze the complexity balloon, complexity will flow somewhere else. So with such custom high-level language, sometimes you need to descend to lower levels to accomplish some functionality. But again, if such actions are common, just refactor them into wrapper method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pareto principle&lt;/a&gt; says you can get 80% of the functionality with just 20% of actions. Refactor wisely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-07-11T18:45:29.087" LastActivityDate="2017-07-11T18:45:29.087" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28486" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-11T19:17:36.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; is a cloud service providing web browsers and mobile devices for both manual and automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the features are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Real Browsers.&lt;/strong&gt; Test in real browsers including Internet Explorer 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 (with metro mode).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Official mobile emulators.&lt;/strong&gt; Uses official iOS, Android and Opera mobile and tablet emulators to help you test across a large range of devices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test local and internal servers.&lt;/strong&gt; You can test against any internal server or local html designs in their remote browsers through our secure tunnel setup.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pre-installed developer tools.&lt;/strong&gt; For quick cross-browser testing and debugging, browsers come with preinstalled tools like Firebug, Developer Toolbar...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cloud-based access&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multiple Desktop OS.&lt;/strong&gt; Test on multiple flavors of Windows and Mac OSX Operating systems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T02:27:52.323" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T02:27:52.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28487" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-11T19:17:36.657" Score="0" Body="BrowserStack is a cloud service providing web browsers and mobile devices for both manual and automated testing." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T02:27:48.920" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T02:27:48.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28488" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28489" CreationDate="2017-07-11T22:47:42.007" Score="4" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are a consultant firm that offers software testing services to our customers. Once our contract is finished, we will no longer have access to customers sites or projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently one thing is bugging me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The project we have been working on suffers from a large number of bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers apply patches, which have fixed newer bugs but the patches introduced new bugs as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The deadline for this project is 28th July 2017, it is very likely for this project to fall apart &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I voluntarily provide a risk assessment report to our customer to indicate this project is risky after its delivery?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T05:10:03.063" Title="Should I voluntarily provide a risk report to our customer?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28488" CreationDate="2017-07-12T01:33:26.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;In short, you do not have to submit a specific risk report but you can indicate the risks in your exit report.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a rule, when contract testers finish their deployment at a customer site, they need to submit an exit report. This report is consisted of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Report Summary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software overview&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is in scope and what is not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Metrics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests executed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing environment and tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lesson learnt&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Best practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recommendations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Exit Criteria&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Management sign off&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appendix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a few places that you can describe the risks in detail or in summary and provide statistical arguments. As a sample, what you could do is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Software overview&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include a statement of how well this software fulfills its purpose;&#xA;is there any deviation from design specifications?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Metrics&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include metrics of outstanding bugs by the time this project&#xA;delivers; many outstanding bugs is associated with high risks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tests executed&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any tests you would like to execute but could not due to&#xA;incomplete features?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lesson learnt&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any critical issues and have they been resolved?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Exit Criteria&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If exit criteria is not met, the project is at risk by default.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Management sign off&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you think this project is at risk, please do NOT sign if off.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T01:33:26.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28488" CreationDate="2017-07-12T02:36:27.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Generally, Yes, we should provide a risk report. But in your particular case, you should NOT.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We categorize risks in following two categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Internal&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Customer shared&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So,We maintain a risk register and whatever risks we see; should be communicated to customer, we share the risks falling under &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Customer Shared&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; category with customer in calls/meetings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;But, we do it well in time.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And we also share the mitigation and contingency plan for the risks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What's wrong with your case?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, the problem is that, risks have not been shared with the customer in a timely manner and now when only 15 days are left for the project delivery, you want to share the risks with the customer. This is not a good idea. Client would be furious because this is a blunder from your project side.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What should you do?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would not suggest you to hide the facts from customer. But don't share a formal risk report with the customer now. Try to fix whatever you can in whatever time is left in the project delivery and informally; during meetings and calls; try to give the customer &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;some idea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; about the problems. Do not set a meeting or share a document at this point in time. It will be disaster. All your focus will shift towards pacifying the customer when your main focus should be to bring the project back on track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T05:10:03.063" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T05:10:03.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28482" CreationDate="2017-07-12T05:30:59.587" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;[&lt;strong&gt;Previous Answer&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28446/speeding-up-end-to-end-tests/28454#28454&quot;&gt;This answer is how to speed up your end to end testing and also keep your test reliable by synchronizing scripts with application server performance&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The remaining part from above answer , Is how to make your script more readable. Please find bellow some guidelines:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a &lt;strong&gt;shared&lt;/strong&gt; object repository , not a &lt;strong&gt;private&lt;/strong&gt; repository.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design the repository to be organized as following structure [&lt;strong&gt;Browser.Page.TestObject.Action()&lt;/strong&gt;] so when scripting your code will be more organized and readable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement explicit wait functions for behavior/ properties of test objects and pages, with readable meaning [&lt;strong&gt;WaitUntilEnabled , WaitChildItemsCountGreaterThan , WaitUntilHidden , Exists&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement Functions to handle sepcifice action or property for tables, drop down lists,...etc [&lt;strong&gt;RowCount,ColumnsCount,CellChildElement,Select,ScrollDown&lt;/strong&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last but not least , use C# selenium &lt;strong&gt;extensions&lt;/strong&gt; , or any language extensions mechanism to extends &lt;strong&gt;IWebElement&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;IWebDriver&lt;/strong&gt; classs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bellow are 2 Examples for [Objects Repository and Extensions]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Object Repository&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; namespace Framework&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    public class StackExchangeObjectRepo&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        #region Constructors&#xA;&#xA;        public StackExchangeObjectRepo(IWebDriver contextTestObject)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            pgMain = new pgMainNode(contextTestObject);           &#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        #endregion&#xA;&#xA;        #region Test Objects&#xA;&#xA;        public pgMainNode pgMain { get; private set; }&#xA;&#xA;        #endregion&#xA;&#xA;        #region Pages Classes&#xA;&#xA;        public class pgMainNode&#xA;        {&#xA;            #region Constructors&#xA;&#xA;            public pgMainNode(IWebDriver parent)&#xA;            {&#xA;                PageFactory.InitElements(parent, this);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            #endregion&#xA;&#xA;            #region Test Objects&#xA;&#xA;            [FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;______&quot;)]&#xA;            public IWebElement lnkUserName;&#xA;&#xA;            [FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;______&quot;)]&#xA;            public IWebElement lnkLogOut;&#xA;&#xA;            [FindsBy(How = How.XPath, Using = &quot;______&quot;)]&#xA;            public IWebElement lnkAdminLogOut;&#xA;&#xA;            #endregion&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        #endregion&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extensions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   namespace Framework&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    public static class Extensions&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        /*&#xA;        GlobalVars.Test.Browser is an IWebDriver Class&#xA;        */&#xA;&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        /// This function will wait untile ready state is Completeted then check that element is displayed.&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;param name=&quot;element&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/param&amp;gt;&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;returns&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/returns&amp;gt;&#xA;        public static bool Exists(this IWebElement element)&#xA;        {&#xA;            bool isExist = false;&#xA;&#xA;            // check that element is not null;&#xA;            if (element == null)&#xA;            {&#xA;                return false;&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            // check the element existance.&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                GlobalVars.Test.Browser.Sync();&#xA;                GlobalVars.Test.Browser.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1);&#xA;                WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(GlobalVars.Test.Browser, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0));&#xA;                wait.IgnoreExceptionTypes(typeof(StaleElementReferenceException), typeof(NoSuchElementException));&#xA;                isExist = wait.Until&amp;lt;bool&amp;gt;((d) =&amp;gt; { try { return element.Displayed; } catch (Exception) { return false; } });&#xA;&#xA;                return isExist;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception)&#xA;            {&#xA;                return false;&#xA;            }&#xA;            finally&#xA;            {&#xA;                GlobalVars.Test.Browser.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(GlobalVars.Test.BrowserTimeOut);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        /// &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;&#xA;         /// This function will check existance of an element then wait untile it Displayed = false Or Time Out is Over&#xA;         /// &amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;&#xA;         /// &amp;lt;param name=&quot;el&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/param&amp;gt;&#xA;         /// &amp;lt;returns&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/returns&amp;gt;&#xA;        public static bool WaitUntilHidden(this IWebElement el, int timeout)&#xA;        {&#xA;            bool tempRes = true;&#xA;&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                if (Exists(el))&#xA;                {&#xA;                    GlobalVars.Test.Browser.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0);&#xA;                    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(GlobalVars.Test.Browser, TimeSpan.FromSeconds((double)timeout));&#xA;                    wait.IgnoreExceptionTypes(typeof(StaleElementReferenceException));&#xA;                    tempRes = wait.Until&amp;lt;bool&amp;gt;((d) =&amp;gt; { try { return !el.Displayed; } catch (Exception ex) { return false; } });&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                return tempRes;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception ex)&#xA;            {&#xA;                return false;&#xA;            }&#xA;            finally&#xA;            {&#xA;                GlobalVars.Test.Browser.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(GlobalVars.Test.BrowserTimeOut);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calling Example to show Readability of your Test&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  // Calling Example:&#xA;public class Test&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    StackExchangeObjectRepo StackExchange = new StackExchangeObjectRepo(ParentWebDriver);&#xA;&#xA;    public void Testfunction()&#xA;    {&#xA;       if(StackExchange.pgMain.lnkUserName.Exists()) &#xA;           StackExchange.pgMain.lnkUserName.Click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26791" LastEditorUserId="26791" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T13:36:46.713" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T13:36:46.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5117" CreationDate="2017-07-12T05:51:23.637" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I kind of disagree with both dzieciou and Attila for two reasons. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They mix up a process (TDD/BDD) which may lead to good coverage with&#xA;a tool that measures coverage.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They're too dogmatic in the sense of&#xA;&quot;in agile, everything is different and better than it ever was&quot;.&#xA;There's no point in saying &quot;BDD is soo good, you don't even have to&#xA;measure the outcome&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my eyes, agile means to not be dogmatic about tools or process steps, but to improve things continously. Use tools that are appropriate for your particular project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.itemis.com/en/5-plus-1-questions-a-requirements-traceability-matrix-answers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traceability matrix answers questions&lt;/a&gt; which are relevant in agile development. If uses wisely, &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.itemis.com/en/benefits-from-requirements-traceability-when-maintaining-software-systems&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;you benefit a lot from traceability mainenance&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26825" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T05:51:23.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28497" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-12T06:06:11.073" Score="0" ViewCount="1364" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to locate element &lt;strong&gt;'TableHeader'&lt;/strong&gt; in given DOM, I am using XPath but getting an exception unable to locate the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath : //div[@class='PageContent']/table[1]/tbody/tr/td[2]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please have a look if there is anything wrong in my XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DOM:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form&amp;gt; &#xA;  &amp;lt;table id=&quot;topNavigation&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;PageContent&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;table cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt; &#xA;          &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt; &#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;TableLeftCor&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;TableHeader&quot;&amp;gt; Main &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt; &#xA;            &amp;lt;td class=&quot;TableRightCor&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;table cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div id=&quot;copyright&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two-page classes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LandingPage.java:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;&#xA;public class LandingPage extends BasePage {&#xA;&#xA;    public LandingPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(name = &quot;username&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement usernameTextbox;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(name = &quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement passwordTextbox;&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(name = &quot;submit&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement loginButton;&#xA;&#xA;    public MainPage login(String usrname, String passwd) throws InterruptedException{&#xA;        usernameTextbox.sendKeys(usrname);&#xA;        passwordTextbox.sendKeys(passwd);&#xA;        loginButton.click();&#xA;        loginButton.click();&#xA;        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);&#xA;        System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());&#xA;        return new MainPage(driver);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MainPage.java&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package pageClasses;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;&#xA;&#xA;public class MainPage extends BasePage {&#xA;&#xA;    public MainPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        super(driver);&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @FindBy(className = &quot;TableHeader&quot;)&#xA;    private WebElement pageHeader;&#xA;&#xA;    public void testMainPage(){&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;inside main page&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(pageHeader.getText());&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25224" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T06:56:30.210" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T08:49:05.860" Title="How to locate below element TableHeader using xpath" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-07-12T12:51:49.663" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28497" CreationDate="2017-07-12T06:14:34.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't use XPath if you don't have to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your selector could be as simple as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.ClassName(&quot;TableHeader&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or if you have multiple such tables in your page,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.CssSelector(&quot;.PageContent .TableHeader&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you must use XPath, then the simplest equivalent is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.XPath(&quot;//td[@class='TableHeader']&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T06:14:34.883" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12892" CreationDate="2017-07-12T07:47:21.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I did for FirefoxDriver is this approach (this only uses for the base url, not for any further requests to other sites which may require basic authentification):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;configuring Firefox not to ask/warn about logging in with basic auth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Passing user and password with the URL: &lt;code&gt;http://user:pass@host.tld&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://paul.wellnerbou.de/2017/07/12/basic-auth-with-geb-and-firefoxdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; or my &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/geb/geb-example-gradle/pull/28&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pull request&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26846" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T08:44:29.283" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T08:44:29.283" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28497" CreationDate="2017-07-12T08:49:05.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are some alternatives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;css: &lt;code&gt;#topNavigation tbody td + td&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;css: &lt;code&gt;#topNavigation table tbody td + td&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;css: &lt;code&gt;#topNavigation tbody td.TableHeader&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;css: &lt;code&gt;#topNavigation table tbody td.TableHeader&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xpath: &lt;code&gt;//table[@id='topNavigation']//tbody//td[2]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xpath: &lt;code&gt;//table[@id='topNavigation']//table/tbody//td[2]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xpath: &lt;code&gt;//table[@id='topNavigation']//tbody//td[@class='TableHeader']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T08:49:05.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28482" CreationDate="2017-07-12T09:29:08.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you have written, the explicit wait will make the test more reliable but it will also make sure all test will pass.On contrary, I do not think codebase become larger an issue as our priority is to write efficient test, and explicit wait does not make code less readable if you follow proper naming conventions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26788" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T09:29:08.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2017-07-12T11:05:29.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each and every one of us is a QA, whether we be a developer, business analyst, product owner or end user. You have to be both the developer AND the QA while you are developing it. Quality control is required at every level of product development, from every single person involved. Learn what you can from the QA team; educate yourself about it from online articles and courses (Unit testing, by the way, comes nowhere close to what end users actually do in the real world).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have to treat the final build you send to the QA team as though it were the final build for production, and with full responsibility for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26856" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T11:05:29.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28506" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-12T12:22:27.637" Score="3" ViewCount="2201" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question came to me from our team, we are using the WebDriver for our browser testing and accessing our pages using the Page Object model.  There is a sporadic problem with a page that begins to load but doesn't fully display due to background processes.  I was asked if the access is using mouse clicks, which is something I don't remember if WebDriver is doing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I may be misremembering, but I thought that WebDriver somehow went around the use of the mouse but don't know if the underlying functionality of WebDriver is still acting on page buttons and other objects as if it was a mouse click.  Does it still work that way, or is WebDriver using a different methodology to access objects and activate them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18" LastEditorUserId="18" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T12:18:06.277" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T12:18:06.277" Title="Does WebDriver simulate mouse clicks?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-07-13T05:10:37.447" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28508" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28512" CreationDate="2017-07-12T14:21:59.590" Score="1" ViewCount="148" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inspired by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28492/convert-code-smell-rule-to-bug-in-sonar&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt;, which was closed because (and I agree) was not asked correctly and is not answerable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the criteria to convert code smell to a bug?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?CodeSmell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Code smell&lt;/a&gt; is a hint that something has gone wrong somewhere in your code (not a certainty, not a bug).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what would be good process/criteria to decide which smell is a bug, and which is not a bug yet?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Linked page gives many examples of code smells (excellent introductory reading), and &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;c2.com wiki&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;the first, original wiki&lt;/strong&gt; (since 1995, and still around) -- is great learning resource overall about design patterns, extreme programming, and all stuff related to programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T15:37:38.647" Title="What are the criteria to convert code smell to a bug" Tags="&lt;bug-priority&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28488" CreationDate="2017-07-12T14:30:27.553" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can ask them if they are interested in your report about the risks. You can suggest providing quick overview for free (as a good will gesture), and do more detailed research if they are interested to pay for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they are not interested paying, you did not wasted too much of your resources. But &lt;strong&gt;when (not if) something goes wrong&lt;/strong&gt;, you can say &quot;we were aware of it and warned you&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to talk to management, this is a business decision: how providing such information will affect future relations with this particular client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T14:30:27.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28310" CreationDate="2017-07-12T14:37:59.723" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only difference I have found in practical terms is colour replication.  It's not Bad, just not exact (in my experience).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the whole, it's not a problem, but if you are making a site meet AAA standard for accessibility, it can be irritating at the times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T09:17:50.807" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T09:17:50.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28310" CreationDate="2017-07-12T15:28:18.120" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reality is that different browsers and devices use different rendering engines, security processes and javascript interpreters to produce the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is one of the reasons that occasionally you encounter a 'only in firefox' bug or 'only happens in Android &amp;lt;=v4' bug, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These bugs reveal how no one system can perfectly emulate all the different systems that exist, at least not within one run of a given test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The general factors that I would take into account when using a simulator are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what rendering engine is used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what javascript engine is used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what screen size is used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;network speed of virtual vs real devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of all these factors you should be careful on using any given emulator (such as xvfb) as it will represent one approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional advice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I tend to only run my cases in one browser - currently chromedriver - as the rare issues that arise are not worth the cost to my company because of the slowdown and extra time and effort that it takes with very little and rare reward.  Also issues that &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; arise in only one device/browser are often not actually caught by the browser, e.g. 'too small to tap on' isn't detected my my automated test.  This decision depend on your company.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I generally use a headless browser (phantom) for most tests that do not require javascript.  xcfb is a nice option here as although virtual, you can still take screenshots.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Google have just come out with a headless chrome browser.  You have to download chrome v59 to see it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When it is critical to run functionality against different devices I used the specific drivers, e.g. firefox, chromedriver, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T15:41:15.430" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T15:41:15.430" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28508" CreationDate="2017-07-12T15:32:30.403" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As you've noted, &lt;em&gt;code smell by itself is not a bug, but can potentially cause bugs.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code smells can be a valuable testing tool for white-box testing.&lt;/strong&gt; Detecting code smells and reviewing the code changes when white-box testing a feature or a fix can be quite beneficial.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code smells though generally are caught and fixed during the Code Review and Static Code Analysis step.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code smells may make a not immediate long-term &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broken_windows_theory&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Broken Window&quot; theory&lt;/a&gt; style impact - leading to bad code design decisions, more code smells and follow-up bugs. In that sense, it would sometimes make sense to note the code smells, notify developers and, if a code smell would still persist in the codebase, follow it up and see how it impacts the software under test in the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I usually do as a part of a post-fix testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reviewing the diff in the source code repository&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run a static code analysis (e.g. &lt;code&gt;ESLint&lt;/code&gt; for JavaScript) tool against a diff &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keep my browser developer tools console opened in case there are any JS errors or warnings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these things sometimes reveal code smells and potential problematic parts in the code which can be exploited during testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also think &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mutation Testing&lt;/a&gt; may be a useful tool in exploring and detecting code smells.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T15:37:38.647" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T15:37:38.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28506" CreationDate="2017-07-12T16:08:36.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am pretty sure that Selenium simulates actual mouse clicks when you use .Click() on a WebElement. The purpose of Selenium in end to end testing is to simulate the actual experience a user will have and that includes using a mouse to click on the elements in a web page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25808" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T16:08:36.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28506" CreationDate="2017-07-12T17:50:09.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As @PeterMasiar points out, Page Objects are a design pattern that can be used with Selenium Webdriver but they are not integral to it.  They can be implemented in a number of different ways and can also be used in other non-webdriver projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I consider Page Objects to come in three forms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Locators&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are the basic building blocks.  Organizations usually start with these. Some organizations will only create these types of Page Objects.  They identify HTML element(s) within a web page using css and xpath.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;div.header span.user form&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;span#top_header input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;div//span[2]//table&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Actions&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These build on top of Locators and include actions such as find element, mouse click, drag and drop, submit form, etc.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find(login_submit).submit&#xA;find(user_email_opt_out).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Procedures&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the highest level of abstraction and comprises of one or more Actions that complete a task.  This provides the opportunity to clearly name procedures being performed and extract away the detail.  Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;log_in_user(username)&#xA;log_user_out&#xA;add_secondary_account&#xA;add_mailing_address&#xA;remove_product_from_shopping_basket&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each of the above would then be defined as having several actual actions to complete the task, e.g. &lt;code&gt;login_user(username)&lt;/code&gt; might be the following set of actions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;click_login_button&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;type_user_name&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;type_user_password&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;click_submit_login&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, the underlying functionality of WebDriver is still acting on the page using the same &lt;code&gt;.click&lt;/code&gt; instructions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-12T18:15:05.150" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T18:15:05.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2017-07-12T18:17:12.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to your unit tests, please check that your feature meets any written requirements. If the written requirements are out of date, make sure your product manager and your QA are aware of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is nothing more annoying than checking software against the agreed requirements, only to find out that those requirements were not correct or straight-up ignored and abandoned. If the developer is just going to build what she wants and the product manager is just going to go along with it, why bother having QA manually test it? I would prefer to spend my time automating regression tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are no written requirements, For the Love of Linux, write some down somewhere. You could express them verbally to a QA engineer, but you might end up repeating yourself. Just jot down the basics in an email or a wiki page, or create a document with your QA engineer as you present your feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing a developer can do is find ways to make sure that the features are testable. For instance, if the feature should act a certain way in the off-chance that, say, a mail server is down, find an accessible way to simulate that scenario. Build it in as part of your programming effort. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23512" LastActivityDate="2017-07-12T18:17:12.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28516" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-12T23:26:47.770" Score="2" ViewCount="3066" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test plan in MTM, now I have run (executed) all the test cases of that plan and have the results in MTM (and TFS).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I export the test execution results to an excel or any other type of document? &lt;em&gt;(as I need to create share the result of all test cases with management)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T10:56:33.393" Title="Exporting test results from TFS to Excel" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28517" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28520" CreationDate="2017-07-13T03:19:52.843" Score="4" ViewCount="616" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently stumbled upon the concept of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilemodeling.com/artifacts/personas.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Personas&quot;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A persona, first introduced by Alan Cooper, defines an archetypical&#xA;  user of a system, an example of the kind of person who would interact&#xA;  with it... personas represent fictitious people which are based on&#xA;  your knowledge of real users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Difference personas may use the software under the test in a very different way - some would be less &quot;tech&quot;-savvy, some would be &quot;power&quot; users which would, for example, use keyboard shortcuts, browser navigation buttons, most recent browsers etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example of a Persona from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/ehxta/explore-it&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Explore It&quot; book&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Jaina is a 20-year-old in her first position. She’s been using&#xA;  computers since before she can remember. Although Jaina is quite&#xA;  competent technically, she lacks work experience and is easily&#xA;  confused by company procedures and jargon. However, she is eager to&#xA;  learn and asks a lot of questions, sometimes interrupting her work to&#xA;  seek out answers. She is also keen to show off what she can do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm curious, have you tried Persona-based testing? How did you invent, formalize and document the Personas? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the general advantages of Persona-based testing comparing to a more common Role-based testing (&quot;administrator&quot;, &quot;supervisor&quot; etc)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-22T11:38:44.767" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T11:38:44.767" Title="How to use fictitious people and personas in testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28518" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28519" CreationDate="2017-07-13T03:22:16.977" Score="2" ViewCount="2681" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to grab everything within this &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; with an &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; of &quot;storytext&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;!-- END ID=&quot;STORY-META&quot; CLASS=&quot;STORY-META&quot; --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;storytext&quot; class=&quot;storytext storylocation linkLocation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;NPR's Ari Shapiro talks with &amp;lt;em&amp;gt;Washington Post&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt; reporter David Weigel about the conspiracy behind Democratic National Committee staffer Seth Rich's murder last summer and how fake news is still spreading.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;transcript storytext&quot; aria-label=&quot;Transcript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;b class=&quot;icn-story-transcript-wrap&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;b class=&quot;icn-story-transcript&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to grab this div:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void init(Properties p) {&#xA;    log.info(p.toString());&#xA;    String url = p.getProperty(&quot;url&quot;);&#xA;    String tagNameString = p.getProperty(&quot;tagNameString&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(url);&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(9, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    String pageSource = driver.getPageSource();&#xA;    log.info(pageSource);&#xA;    log.info(&quot;done&quot;);&#xA;    log.info(tagNameString);&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; listOfWebElements = driver.findElements(By.tagName(tagNameString));&#xA;    log.info(listOfWebElements.toString());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Execution log:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ?&#xA;            loadChartbeat : function() {&#xA;        oldonload();&#xA;        loadChartbeat();&#xA;    };&#xA;})();&#xA;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&amp;lt;script language=&quot;javascript&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; src=&quot;https://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;Jul 12, 2017 8:11:59 PM net.bounceme.dur.web.selenium.Scraper init&#xA;INFO: done&#xA;Jul 12, 2017 8:11:59 PM net.bounceme.dur.web.selenium.Scraper init&#xA;INFO: storytext&#xA;Jul 12, 2017 8:12:12 PM net.bounceme.dur.web.selenium.Scraper init&#xA;INFO: []&#xA;thufir@doge:~/NetBeansProjects/selenium$ &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;whether to iterate, parse or persist.  Playing with Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8900" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T03:28:54.647" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T03:28:54.647" Title="How do I identify a specific &lt;div&gt; by id with Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;css&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28518" CreationDate="2017-07-13T03:26:01.783" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// tagNameString is equal to &quot;storytext&quot;&#xA;driver.findElements(By.tagName(tagNameString)); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you are actually asking Selenium to do is to find all &quot;storytext&quot; elements. Selenium will be looking for &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;storytext&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/storytext&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; elements which, I am pretty sure, you have none.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, you intended to use the &quot;by id&quot; locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement myElement = driver.findElement(By.id(tagNameString));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T03:26:01.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28517" CreationDate="2017-07-13T04:24:33.443" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Four years ago, when I was working for a telecommunication company; we used to have brainstorm sessions that we came up with testing ideas altogether. One colleague first introduced me with this Persona testing, a.k.a role-playing testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The subject under test was a new heart-beating sensor application that had been integrated into a portable radio. Someone working as a loner is our intended customer, e.g. an electrician working in a remote location, a miner working underground. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We found this Persona testing approach interesting so that we simulated an environment that would literally isolate a tester; he was wearing a red arm-band so no one was allowed to talk to him in office; he dressed up as an electrician and carried tools like an electrician in office; he needed to drop on the floor as well to test &quot;man-down&quot; function.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We indeed noticed a few design flaws from this Persona testing;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There was a shortcoming as well: this Persona testing was only done in office but this heart sensor function was supposed to be worn 24/7.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;How did you invent, formalize and document the Personas?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We collected as much information from our intended customers; how they go to work, where do they eat, how long do they stay outdoor, how long does it take for an ambulance to drive over and etc. It is not really an invention but rather a re-enactment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, we did not treat Persona testing very seriously and no document was produced. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;What are the general advantages of Persona-based testing comparing to a more common Role-based testing (&quot;administrator&quot;, &quot;supervisor&quot; etc)?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Personas testing is more human-orientated; it is more likely to discover what the customers really want.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sQ4fX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sQ4fX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The main difficulty is how to accurately role-play a Persona. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T04:24:33.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28521" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-13T06:50:42.820" Score="-2" ViewCount="1668" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to select all the products having rating 4.5 and add to the cart. However, I am not able to customize the XPath. I tried the below XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='product-item__rating']/span &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This highlights all the ratings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;product-item__rating&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rating&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;visuallyhidden&quot;&amp;gt;Durchschnittliche Bewertung: 4.5 von 5&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rating__star rating__star--full&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rating__star rating__star--full&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rating__star rating__star--full&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rating__star rating__star--full&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;rating__star rating__star--half&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class rating {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        WebDriver driver;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Chrome\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.coopathome.ch/de/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='mastheadMyAccountLink']/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;j_username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;username&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;j_password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginOverlaySubmitLoginFormButton&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='nav']/ul/li[1]/a/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='subnav--item-m_0001']/li[1]/ul[1]/li[1]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26875" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T13:50:40.560" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T20:38:50.900" Title="Unable to customize XPath containing span" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28521" CreationDate="2017-07-13T08:33:14.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This will get you the basket button element for any item with rating 4.5 on any of the pages I looked at:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[contains(text(),'4.5 von 5')]/ancestor::div[@class='product-item__details']//button&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use this to add all the items to the basket add the following to your code after you've opened the last page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Find items with 4.5 rating and add them to the cart&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; items = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(text(),'4.5 von 5')]/ancestor::div[@class='product-item__details']//button&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;for (WebElement item: items) {&#xA;    ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);&quot;, item);&#xA;    item.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26309" LastEditorUserId="26309" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T20:38:50.900" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T20:38:50.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28521" CreationDate="2017-07-13T09:25:12.973" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Solution :&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As you are customize the Xpath , Just add some more info like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='product-item__rating']/span[contains(.,'4.5')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here also you can use &lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; as function ,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='product-item__rating']/span[contains(text(),'4.5')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No need to change and extra parameter or function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now store this as &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;WebElements&lt;/code&gt; as under :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; AllRating= driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='product-item__rating']/span[contains(.,'4.5')]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : This answer is given from your HTML code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T09:25:12.973" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28526" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-13T10:12:37.977" Score="1" ViewCount="572" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read through &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.x.org/archive/X11R7.7/doc/man/man1/Xvfb.1.xhtml#heading6&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this &lt;/a&gt; and I don't quite get it.  If I currently run my rspec capybara tests using chromedriver, how will I change that to xvfb ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I see the examples like &lt;code&gt;Xvfb :1 -screen 0 1600x1200x32&lt;/code&gt; but I'm not sure how to integrate that into my actual UI feature specs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T10:18:03.233" LastActivityDate="2018-02-03T13:41:01.453" Title="How to use xvfb to run my automated rspec-capybara chromedriver tests?" Tags="&lt;capybara&gt;&lt;rspec&gt;&lt;xvfb&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28421" CreationDate="2017-07-13T11:43:09.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was surprisingly difficult to track down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VBScript does not allow a variable to be declared and assigned in the same statement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to change your code to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Dim plus&#xA;plus = 10&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T11:43:09.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28517" CreationDate="2017-07-13T13:29:51.677" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you should &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3594737/should-we-use-personas-in-user-stories&quot;&gt;use persona's in your user-stories&lt;/a&gt;. It would be the designer and or the product owner who creates these persona's not the testers. The whole team should validate them together and make sure you built and test with these persona's in mind. I like to hang them in the team room to remind the team whom they are building it for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall it is easier to relate to persona's, as they have &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a Name, Age and Sex&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one or more roles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a personal life&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Jake the 55 year old system administrator&quot; has different needs than &quot;Jim the 25 year old administrator&quot;. Once the team knows their names it easier to communicate about them and what their needs are. Jim wants to be able to work on a mobile phone, while Jake rather be at home with his laptop for example. The team should be able to derive requirements from them and when new requirements arrive update the persona's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specifying persona's for your product helps with identifying target groups. This should help testers to validate if the functionality works for these groups. Also it gives the team room to discuss if the way it is built currently is sufficient for the main persona's using the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is not just for the testers, but should benefit everyone from design, developers, testers and also sales &amp;amp; marketing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T13:29:51.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28521" CreationDate="2017-07-13T13:49:59.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Checking the 4.5 substring inside the invisible rating text as others already suggested is a good and probably the simplest way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an alternative, you can count down how many full and half starts there are for a product:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// getting all products with rating 4.5&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; products = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;&quot; +&#xA;        &quot;//div[@class = 'product-item' and &quot; +&#xA;              &quot;count(.//span[contains(@class, 'rating__star--full')]) = 4 and &quot; +&#xA;              &quot;count(.//span[contains(@class, 'rating__star--half')]) = 1]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;for ( WebElement product: products) {&#xA;    System.out.println(product.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.product-item__name&quot;)).getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It prints:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Äpfel Jazz ca. 769 g&#xA;Äpfel Pink Lady ca. 1 kg&#xA;Äpfel Jazz 5-6Stk ca. 1 kg&#xA;Äpfel Braeburn ca. 1 kg&#xA;Birnen Kaiser Alex. ca. 1 kg&#xA;Äpfel Golden ca. 1 kg&#xA;Äpfel Gala ca. 1 kg&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T13:49:59.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28534" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28537" CreationDate="2017-07-13T13:50:58.993" Score="1" ViewCount="422" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing an application, for both desktop and mobile, aiming the Chinese market. &#xA;I need to conduct cross-browser testing on some of the most popular chinese browsers like QQ , 360, UC, Baidu browsers and was wondering if any of the cloud based cross-browser testing tools, like SauceLabs or Browserstack, support these browsers? If not, is there any recommendation on which tool to choose from?&#xA;P.S: I would still want to continue my cross browser testing on other popular browsers like Chrome, Firefox, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25501" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T14:00:36.990" Title="Does SauceLabs or Browserstack support testing chinese browsers? If not what tool should I go for?" Tags="&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28536" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28539" CreationDate="2017-07-13T14:00:19.730" Score="1" ViewCount="5170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a protractor test that locates a URL on a page. The URL is then clicked and expected to contain specific text. The URL needs to be manipulated before the browser opens it, how can I change the URL before hand?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The URL to be clicked looks like app.company.com but needs to be changed to app-dev.company.com or app-staging.company.com to function correctly. If app.company.com is opened, the URL auto re-directs to an error page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit - below is the test in question. When openURL is clicked, its automatically redirected to an error page because the URL is incorrect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;customizeWebsite.openURL.click();&#xA;browser.sleep(10000);&#xA;browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function(handles){&#xA;browser.switchTo().window(handles[1]).then(function(){&#xA;expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toContain('gid=');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T23:19:49.440" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T23:19:49.440" Title="Change a URL to be environment specific in protractor test" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28534" CreationDate="2017-07-13T14:00:36.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From what I see, &lt;code&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/code&gt; does not support the browsers you've mentioned, here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/list-of-browsers-and-platforms?product=automate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;full table of supported systems and browsers&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same goes for Sauce Labs, here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/platforms&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;full list of what the service supports&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you should explore the option of having your own selenium server with selenium nodes for your desired browsers, assuming these browsers can be automated with selenium - meaning, have available drivers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T14:00:36.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28536" CreationDate="2017-07-13T14:16:35.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Determining which environment is currently under test&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;baseUrl&lt;/code&gt; configuration parameter. In Protractor, you can either pass the &lt;code&gt;--baseUrl&lt;/code&gt; command-line parameter or set the &lt;code&gt;baseUrl&lt;/code&gt; setting in your configuration. This is a common way to parameterize your tests - execute the same tests against different environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This though requires not hardcoding absolute URLs in your tests. E.g. instead of using &lt;code&gt;browser.get(&amp;quot;https://dev.app.com&amp;quot;)&lt;/code&gt; use &lt;code&gt;browser.get(browser.params.baseUrl)&lt;/code&gt; and having &lt;code&gt;baseUrl&lt;/code&gt; coming from an environment-specific configuration or from a command-line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;browser.getCurrentUrl()&lt;/code&gt; and extract the environment information from a current URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Changing the link hostname&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can actually use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLHyperlinkElementUtils/hostname&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.hostname&lt;/code&gt; property&lt;/a&gt; of an &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var yourLinkElement = $(&amp;quot;#yourLinkId&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;browser.getCurrentUrl().then(function (currentUrl) {&#xA;    var desiredHostName = (new URL(currentUrl)).hostname;&#xA;&#xA;    browser.executeScript(&amp;quot;arguments[0].hostname = arguments[1];&amp;quot;, &#xA;                          yourLinkElement.getWebElement(),&#xA;                          desiredHostName)&#xA;&#xA;     // logging the link href after the update&#xA;     yourLinkElement.getAttribute(&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;).then(console.log);&#xA;});&#xA;yourLinkElement.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(not tested)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This would replace the domain name of a link to a domain name of the current url.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T16:34:41.087" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24062" CreationDate="2017-07-13T16:16:47.200" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find a code example on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/electron/spectron&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;official Github page&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;To get started, have a look at this code snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Install Spectron&#xA;$ npm install --save-dev spectron&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple test to verify a visible window is opened with a title&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var Application = require('spectron').Application&#xA;var assert = require('assert')&#xA;&#xA;var app = new Application({&#xA;  path: '/MyApp'&#xA;})&#xA;&#xA;app.start().then(function () {&#xA;  return app.browserWindow.isVisible()&#xA;}).then(function (isVisible) {&#xA;  // Verify the window is visible&#xA;  assert.equal(isVisible, true)&#xA;}.catch(function (error) {&#xA;  console.error('Test failed', error.message)&#xA;})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is an extract taken from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://electron.atom.io/spectron/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;official site&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to install chai and chai-as-promised as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;npm install --save-dev chai&#xA;npm install --save-dev chai-as-promised&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chai is a BDD / TDD assertion library for node and the second one extends it with assertions about promises.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25465" LastEditorUserId="25465" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T18:27:45.310" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T18:27:45.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28211" CreationDate="2017-07-13T16:40:28.863" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can understand your concern and in my view you can't just completely replace manual testing with automation. As is evident from your post that they are still happy to keep some of the manual testing so keep an eye on the things. For each sprint:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform a detailed analysis of the defects found by manual testing vs. automated testing along with their severity. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep record of the manual tests written/performed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record details of any Exploratory/ad-hoc Testing performed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issues found in the builds after the sprint completed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Issues missed by manual/automated testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should give you enough facts to present your case later on. As I learnt from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.arkenstone-ltd.com/automate-web-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Automated Web Testing By G.Suden&lt;/a&gt;, the goal of automation should be to increase the test coverage and not to replace manual testing! An automated test is as good as it is coded. So do your analysis after a few sprints and take it from there. Good Luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26787" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T16:40:28.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28211" CreationDate="2017-07-13T17:56:37.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tests &lt;strong&gt;never will, and never should&lt;/strong&gt; replace manual testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated tests are stupid. Even calling them &quot;tests&quot; makes no sense. They are &lt;strong&gt;automated checks&lt;/strong&gt; which check for the conditions coder considered, and ignore everything else, however obvious for a human.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compared to this, manual tester (because they are sapient humans), following a test script, or doing exploratory testing, will note &lt;strong&gt;unexpected&lt;/strong&gt; conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pareto principle says that 80% of users depend on 20% of functionality. Automate that, and run those tests often. Rest (80% of possible paths through your system) is not used often enough to be worth automating. And automate checks for reported bugs, to check for regressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &lt;strong&gt;you can automate only what you can do manually&lt;/strong&gt;, and did manually few times. So by definition, new functionality has to be manually tested first, and only then can be automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T17:56:37.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28544" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27903" CreationDate="2017-07-13T17:58:06.300" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I faced similar issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;please open this &lt;code&gt;/usr/local/lib/node_modules/app-inspector/node_modules/xctestwd/XCTestWD/XCTestWD.xcodeproj&lt;/code&gt; in xcode &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;under signin, please mention your developer id, and change the bundle id name also&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;then navigate to the folder and run this command: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xcodebuild -project XCTestWD.xcodeproj -scheme XCTestWDUITests -destination 'platform=iOS,id=(your device name)' XCTESTWD_PORT=8001 clean test &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will install the &lt;code&gt;xctestwd&lt;/code&gt; on port 8001&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;start u r App-inspector -u udid&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26891" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T18:19:56.337" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T18:19:56.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26301" CreationDate="2017-07-13T18:03:41.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure what &lt;em&gt;AutomationService.SelectCheckbox&lt;/em&gt; call is in your code but I have used the following code to select a CheckBox and has always worked for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((HtmlCheckBox)object).Checked = true;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26787" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T18:03:41.873" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28546" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28044" CreationDate="2017-07-13T19:07:23.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use either CSS Selector or Xpath.&#xA;As CSS selector is already discussed above, let me point out how i achieved this using Xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To identify , we will have to use a combination of 2 elements separated by AND operator as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Xpath : //input[@placeholder='Email or username' AND @type='text']&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&#xA;Asky&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26892" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T19:07:23.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28547" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28521" CreationDate="2017-07-13T19:38:36.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to find all items that contains this rating and from there continue with the path to add to cart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short you need to find add to cart for items with this rating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A possible value for xpath is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='product-item'][.//span[@class='rating']/span[contains(.,'4.5')]]//button&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you added the first item to the cart you will see that this will match also for quantity control button, so you need to add an extra constraint resulting in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='main-content']//div[@class='product-item'][.//span[@class='rating']/span[contains(text(), '4.5')]]//button[@data-add-to-basket]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of &lt;code&gt;[@data-add-to-basket]&lt;/code&gt; you can also use &lt;code&gt;[contains(@class, 'basket')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T19:38:36.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28548" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-13T20:19:15.433" Score="1" ViewCount="832" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to Login to Ebay site using Selenium. I have successfully identified the user name and password Text boxes using Xpath (and validated the xpaths using the Firefox Eval tool in Firebug).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginTestCase{     &#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void LoginEbay() throws InterruptedException &#xA;    {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;D:\\selenium_library\\geckodriver-v0.17.0-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;        //navigate to Ebay&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://signin.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?SignIn&amp;amp;ru=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebay.com%2F&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(20000);&#xA;        // Enter user name , password and click on Signin button&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@placeholder='Email or username' AND @type='text']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;####@###&quot;);            &#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@placeholder='Password' AND @class='fld']']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;####&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;sgnBt&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting the below warning after which the script Fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1499976357508   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:41809&#xA;1499976358783   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Starting browser C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe with args [&quot;-marionette&quot;]&#xA;1499976367184   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 62686&#xA;Jul 13, 2017 4:06:20 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Detected dialect: W3C&#xA;JavaScript warning: https://signin.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?SignIn&amp;amp;ru=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebay.com%2F, line 170: unreachable code after return statement&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26892" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T20:53:56.293" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T17:40:46.183" Title="Not Able to Login to Ebay using Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28549" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28548" CreationDate="2017-07-13T20:38:57.943" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The warnings you see on the console are there because of the &lt;code&gt;DEBUG&lt;/code&gt; logging turned on by default, they have nothing to do with the real problem as it turns out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your XPath expression is not valid&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;code&gt;AND&lt;/code&gt; should be lower-cased:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@placeholder='Email or username' and @type='text']&#xA;                                         ^^^HERE&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you should not be using hardcoded time delays to tackle timing issues - use &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt; and specify what are you waiting for explicitly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can use better locators&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Improved ebay logging in code snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//navigate to Ebay&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://signin.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?SignIn&amp;amp;ru=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebay.com%2F&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;&#xA;// Enter user name , password and click on Signin button&#xA;WebElement form = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(&quot;#mainCnt #SignInForm&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;form.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type=text][placeholder='Email or username']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;####@###&quot;);&#xA;form.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;input[type=password]&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;form.findElement(By.id(&quot;sgnBt&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T20:46:19.290" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T20:46:19.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28550" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28558" CreationDate="2017-07-13T20:41:48.337" Score="3" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if this is the correct place to ask my question. Please transfer it to the right forum if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have come across a real testing environment setup where we have SETS of environments QA (QA1, QA2, QA3), Stage(Stage1, Stage2, Stage3), Perf(Perf1). We have different versions of our product (customer facing app) in each environment. There are also back end apps and web services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The strange thing is that QA environments share some (not all) of the backend apps/services/databases used by the Stage environment SET. As a result, if you want to test an app in QA, you need to know if its shared with Stage. Then you have to change your DB connections, endpoint urls etc. to point to the right environment. Eg. To test a QA service M which is shared with stage, you'll have to use a url for stage, not QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, this can be frustrating initially. But, you once you know what is shared, its not so bad. But, I wonder if there can be any justification for a setup like this in a professional environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT1&lt;/strong&gt; - Our revenues are in 100s of millions of dollars a year. Its good to minimize costs and be efficient, but I doubt that hardware costs are a problem for us. I have seen decoupled environments in companies with comparable net incomes. Never had any issues with urls and databases while testing in that other company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT2&lt;/strong&gt; - Can't we take a small subset of production data and put it into QA environment. This could help to reduce the hardware requirements/costs. Then, we could have an independent QA test environment. Edit- We will not use real customer data in test environment, we will either replace it with test logins and test information. We will only use publicly visible info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastEditorUserId="26467" LastEditDate="2017-07-13T21:41:43.080" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T18:11:26.190" Title="Is it okay to mix or couple many testing environments?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28550" CreationDate="2017-07-13T21:22:09.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ideally,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; testing environments should be independent of each other; otherwise, coupled testing environments would introduce extra time and effort to isolate a variable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you described in your question is similar to having a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;resource farm&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having a resource farm has its own advantages and disadvantages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A resource farm offers cost saving: instead of having a database for every testing environment, a database is to be shared. This applies to many other shared resources as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The disadvantage is: you will need some kind of resource management tool that scans shared resources upon request and directs you to resources that are available. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;EDIT1 - Our revenues are in 100s of millions of dollars a year. Its good to minimize costs and be efficient, but I doubt that hardware costs are a problem for us. I have seen decoupled environments in companies with comparable net incomes. Never had any issues with urls and databases while testing in that other company.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Having revenues of 100s of millions of dollars does &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; always mean you get to spend more money; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you use revenue as the argument to request more resources from the management; they can equally argue &quot;We are making 100s of millions of dollars by having shared testing environments, why bother spending more on building more testing environments?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you use other companies have decoupled testing environments as the argument; it is unlikely to convince the management either. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unless you can offer them tangible evidence, for example, how many man-hours are needlessly spent on waiting for the shared resource to become available; how many false-positives are caused by sharing resources and how many man-hours are spent on chasing and closing those false-positives. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;EDIT2 - Can't we take a small subset of production data and put it into QA environment. This could help to reduce the hardware requirements/costs. Then, we could have an independent QA test environment.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;I agree with you in principle&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, but you have to consider &quot;Are you allowed to do it&quot; first. Production data are taken from real business customers, are those customers willing to share their information with testers? If the business you are in is sensitive in nature, the management will be very unwilling to share real data with the testing team. Last time, we requested real data to be used in a testing environment, the management declined our request based on confidentiality. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T21:22:09.137" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28550" CreationDate="2017-07-13T21:41:33.080" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;While it's great to have completely isolated environments, that also has issues (e.g. getting good data sets).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, companies are going to do what makes sense for their problems.  My current employer has 4 environments, with prod and an integration environment that are customer facing.  Our dev and staging infrastructures generally have their own backends, but for somethings, staging shares data with the integration environment.  And in some of the lower environments, third-party integrations aren't fully functional (e.g. our dev environment doesn't talk to one of our major third-party integrations since they would basically charges us double to have a second environment up and running).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a workaround in our tests, I try to go and gather environment info and include it in the test artifacts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T21:41:33.080" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28211" CreationDate="2017-07-13T23:55:33.187" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is why using some sort of BDD tool makes a lot of sense, like Cucumber.  You get 'executable specifications' that may or may not be automated, so you can combine information about requirements and test cases which everyone on the team should be able to read.  It can be tough though. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22573" LastActivityDate="2017-07-13T23:55:33.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28554" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-14T04:14:56.300" Score="0" ViewCount="173" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have customized an XPath for adding a product which has discount 30% for 2. Now I am facing problem while adding this into the cart.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package sample;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.HashMap;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.Map;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;&#xA;public class Coop_angebote {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[]args) throws InterruptedException{&#xA;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Chrome\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;     Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; prefs = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;();&#xA;      prefs.put(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;      prefs.put(&quot;password_manager_enabled&quot;, false); &#xA;      options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;prefs&quot;, prefs);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;    options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(50, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    // For Login Functionality&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.coopathome.ch/de?lang=de&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/nav[2]/div/ul/li[2]/a[1]/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div/form/div[3]/div/div/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;USERNAME&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div/form/div[4]/div[2]/div/input&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;PASSWORD&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div/form/div[6]/button&quot;)).click();&#xA;    Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/header/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    jse.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,800)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse1=(JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    jse1.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,400)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse2=(JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    jse2.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,800)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse3=(JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    jse3.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,800)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse4=(JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    jse4.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,800)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse5=(JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    jse5.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,250)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor jse6=(JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;    jse6.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,250)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;  //driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(text(),'30% ab 2')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; var=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(text(),'30% ab 2')]&quot;));&#xA;    System.out.println(var.size());&#xA;&#xA;    for(int i = 0;i&amp;lt;=var.size();i++){&#xA;&#xA;         List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; li = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;         var.get(i).getText().trim();&#xA;         System.out.println(&quot;ACTUAL:'&quot;+ var.get(i).getText().trim() + &quot;'&quot;);&#xA;           if(var.get(i).getText().trim().equals(&quot;30% ab 2&quot;))&#xA;           {&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='btn__inner']&quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;               System.out.println(&quot;IN iF:&quot;);&#xA;           }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/H6Okj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/H6Okj.png&quot; alt=&quot;I have attached screenshot for HTML code.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26896" LastEditorUserId="25709" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T08:47:37.163" LastActivityDate="2021-04-19T08:47:51.703" Title="I am automating coop website and I'm facing problem while customizing XPath for add to cart button" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28562" CreationDate="2017-07-14T05:10:29.033" Score="-1" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to select all the products having rating 4.5, I could do that with the help received from StackExchange. Now I want to add the products with rating 4.5 to the cart. However, I am not able to customize the XPath. I tried the below XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@class='btn__inner']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML Code:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/G7Fl4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/G7Fl4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Test_package;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class rating {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        WebDriver driver;&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Chrome\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.coopathome.ch/de&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='mastheadMyAccountLink']/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;j_username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;ss3777010@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;j_password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Soniya@123&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginOverlaySubmitLoginFormButton&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='nav']/ul/li[1]/a/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='subnav--item-m_0001']/li[1]/ul[1]/li[1]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;        //String a=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='product-item__rating']/span&quot;)).getText();&#xA;        //System.out.println(a);&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; b=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='product-item__rating']/span[contains(.,'4.5')]&quot;));&#xA;        System.out.println(b.size());&#xA;&#xA;for(WebElement a:b)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(a.getText());&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26876" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T06:36:12.690" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T09:28:54.827" Title="Unable to customize xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28557" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-14T05:25:16.343" Score="2" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, we are currently working on three branches: dev, staging, and master&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My UI tests are running on continued integration pointing only to the dev branch and to the dev application as well. The other branches are ignored just because all tests point only to the development application (eg dev.minhaapp.com).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doubts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How are you managing currently branches x UITests?&#xA;Does each branch point to a specific URL to run the tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8865" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T09:40:42.520" Title="Manage UI Tests with each branch" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28550" CreationDate="2017-07-14T06:14:42.900" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I firmly believe in having a completely separate QA environment (at least the very first environment where the QAs are going to test the application); &lt;em&gt;nothing shared&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that how difficult it is to work in shared environments. I have gone through this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issues:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You always have to remember what all links, configuration setups; you have to change before you can actually start testing (because these things might be pointing to some other environment). If you start testing, and missed any of these; start counting your valueable time as a &quot;waste&quot; from that point onwards.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another problem (and this is very common one). You raise a bug, developer starts looking into it. He is not able to reproduce it in his local development environment. And finally he finds out that &lt;em&gt;&quot;Oh, there is an issue with the X service of Staging environment. And since, that service is pointed to QA environment, your got this issue.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, loss of effort for all. This could have been avoided in case of independent environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then gradually, after all such setbacks; you start remembering all the setups that you need. But at that very point, a new team member joins the team and he too gets caught in this vicious cycle &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, there is an issue with a particular element in your environment, but you never know about it. Why? Because you are pointing to the StageX component for last one month. And you didn't know that changes have been made to the component; also the developer who made the changes; forgot to inform you &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Such shared environment also serve as a good excuse. Sometimes, instead of drilling down a specific issue when no reason is visible; the investigator will give a serious look and say these standard lines &quot;I cannot find anything in the functionality. Seems like an environment issue.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, all in all, I am completely against this idea of shared environment because I have bit the bullet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I strongly endorse, at least (but not limited to) 1 independent QA environment which is not sharing any resources with other environments.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Benefits:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You don't have to remember making all the configuration related changes that you make 5 times in a day in a shared environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It limits the  scope of investigation (in case of bugs and other technical issues) to this environment only.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It save hundreds of man hours that you might be wasting (in testing) by missing some configuration setups or because of incorrect setup.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, if your customer want to look at your testing environment, then you are certain that the application will work because it is running in an independent environment. And there are less chances that you will come across any surprises during demo or trial as there are no external dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-07-14T18:11:26.190" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T18:11:26.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28560" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-14T08:46:14.067" Score="-3" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried to calculate price difference of product, but I am not able to calculate the difference for a product who doesn't have any discount on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;package Tekbakertest;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.HashMap;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.Map;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;&#xA;import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.LogStatus;&#xA;&#xA;public class Ted_sale &#xA;{&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException &#xA;    {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Chrome\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        //System.setProperty(&quot;org.apache.commons.logging.Log&quot;, &quot;org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Jdk14Logger&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; prefs = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;();&#xA;        prefs.put(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;        prefs.put(&quot;password_manager_enabled&quot;, false); &#xA;        options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;prefs&quot;, prefs);&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://www.tedbaker.com/&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 40);&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/ul/li[1]/a&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;        if(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/ul/li[1]/a&quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/ul/li[1]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        Actions act=new Actions(driver);&#xA;        WebElement Category=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='categories_nav']/li[1]/a&quot;));&#xA;        WebElement Sales_clothng=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='categories_nav']/li[1]/nav/div[1]/div[3]/ul[1]/li[3]/a&quot;));&#xA;        act.moveToElement(Category).moveToElement(Sales_clothng).click().build().perform();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; Product_list=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@class='name']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(Product_list.size());&#xA;&#xA;        for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;Product_list.size();i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; Product_list_lst = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;            Product_list_lst.add(Product_list.get(i).getText());&#xA;            System.out.println(Product_list.get(i).getText());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        for (WebElement items_product : Product_list)&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(items_product.getText());&#xA;        }&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Originanal Price of items&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; Original_price=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@class='price previous']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(Original_price.size());&#xA;&#xA;        for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;Original_price.size();i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; Original_price_lst = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;            Original_price_lst.add(Original_price.get(i).getText());&#xA;            System.out.println(Original_price.get(i).getText());&#xA;        }&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Discounted Price of items&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; Discounted_price=driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@class='price unit']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(Discounted_price.size());&#xA;&#xA;        for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;Original_price.size();i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; Discounted_price_lst = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;            Discounted_price_lst.add(Discounted_price.get(i).getText());&#xA;            System.out.println(Discounted_price.get(i).getText());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;Discounted_price.size();i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; Original_price_lst_1 = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;            List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; Discounted_price_lst_1 = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;            String original_price_removecurrencysymbol = Original_price.get(i).getText().substring(1,Original_price.get(i).getText().length());&#xA;            String discount_price_removecurrencysymbol = Discounted_price.get(i).getText().substring(1,Discounted_price.get(i).getText().length());&#xA;            System.out.println(original_price_removecurrencysymbol);&#xA;            System.out.println(discount_price_removecurrencysymbol);&#xA;            int difference = Integer.parseInt(original_price_removecurrencysymbol) -Integer.parseInt(discount_price_removecurrencysymbol);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Difference is:&quot;+difference);&#xA;            if(difference&amp;gt;=50)&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;                Product_list.get(i).click();&#xA;                // driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[contains(@class,'add_to_cart')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }       &#xA;}        &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 59, Size: 59&#xA;        at java.util.ArrayList.rangeCheck(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at java.util.ArrayList.get(Unknown Source)&#xA;        at Tekbakertest.Ted_sale.main(Ted_sale.java:92)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshot:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/14L2m.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/14L2m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26694" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T11:31:24.893" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T11:31:24.893" Title="Unable to find out accurate price difference for products without discount" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-08-28T14:49:26.770" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28554" CreationDate="2017-07-14T08:53:49.207" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The mistake you're making is here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//the below is ok&#xA;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; var = driver.findElements(&#xA;        By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(text(),'30% ab 2')]&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(var.size());&#xA;&#xA;//use a for each loop to make your life&#xA;//easier than keeping track of .size and i's&#xA;for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt;= var.size(); i++) {&#xA;    //not used&#xA;    List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; li = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;    //not assigned to anything&#xA;    var.get(i).getText().trim();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;ACTUAL:'&quot; + var.get(i).getText().trim() + &quot;'&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    if (var.get(i).getText().trim().equals(&quot;30% ab 2&quot;)) {&#xA;        //The above is your mistake&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='btn__inner']&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;IN iF:&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll need to click the &quot;btn_inner&quot; button element descending ancestor of &lt;code&gt;var.get(i)&lt;/code&gt; in the approach you've given, using &lt;code&gt;driver.findelement&lt;/code&gt; at that point will just returns the first visible &quot;btn_inner&quot; element in the whole page, the driver doesn't hold memory to where the last element(s) you called to find were. It re-evaluates the whole present page every single time it's called.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I think it's going to be a bit hard for you to do the above proposal, you can also try to directly locate the buttons related to specified discount products based on an xpath like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[contains(text(),'30% ab 2')]/*[@class='btn__inner']&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means to return the direct-child button element of all elements that contain '30% ab 2' text. Then by using something similar to your original approach, you can just re-iterate over a list of the above found elements and just &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt; them to add to cart as you intended to do. &#xA;P.S. try to learn how to use css selectors as well; it's a much more robust way to create tests and future-proof in that it doesn't care for the exact layout of the page as long as the element you want is still visible. With your approach even a single button being added/removed and you'll have to change up all your By's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25709" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T14:31:02.883" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T14:31:02.883" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28556" CreationDate="2017-07-14T09:28:54.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The xpath for the button of products with that rating should be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='product-item'][.//span[contains(.,'4.5')]]//button[@data-add-to-basket]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T09:28:54.827" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28554" CreationDate="2017-07-14T09:37:25.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Same as for the other one, the xpath for add to cart button should be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='product-item'][.//span[contains(.,'30%')]]//button[@data-add-to-basket]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T09:37:25.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28564" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-14T10:55:54.547" Score="1" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company is moving from waterfall to scrum. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So now testers and developers are really working together.&#xA;And there is an idea to use checklists and test-cases created by testers as stuff that will help programmers to develop software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really feel that something is wrong about it. E.g.: developers might misinterpret requirements documented by testers in test cases. Is there any disadvantages?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE:&lt;/strong&gt; after 9 month of scrum I can say that developers actually have no time to double check info (from documentation and from test-case). So I can not even say whether it has bad or good influence on product quality. Actually definitly not bad, as it would be noticed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="12911" LastEditDate="2018-04-25T15:08:33.537" LastActivityDate="2018-06-25T00:54:06.363" Title="Using test-cases, check-list as supporting stuff in development?" Tags="&lt;team&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28565" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28564" CreationDate="2017-07-14T11:23:37.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[…] there is an idea to use check-lists and test-cases created by testers as stuff that helps programmers to develop software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I have found that checklists and test-cases are both helpful to developers as long as they are seen as helpful tools and not fixed requirements.  Checklists are a great way to not have to remember a dozen different things to check.  Tests cases can be used in a TDD/BDD style to be written &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; the code and to fail until the app code is written.  Existing tests should certainly be part of the developers toolkit that they run as part of their development so that they can get immediate feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the tasks that they can help with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developing test plans&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checklists of what devices to test on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checklists of different users to test with&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checklists of what functionality to check&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developing test cases (i.e. failing cases)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Code review on unit tests as ability allows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Guiding UI test writing to use Page Objects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Checklists of complicated scenarios to run through&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analysis of what functionality UI tests should cover&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensuring tests cover happy, sad and optional paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware also that having automated tests would help out with many of the otherwise manual tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-04-25T11:23:35.783" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T11:23:35.783" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28568" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28564" CreationDate="2017-07-14T12:21:53.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It's fine if developers execute the test cases and/or use checklists before handing over the application to testers for testing. However, the benefits will be evident if the developers actually use these&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest, provide as much support as you can; to the developers in any way possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no risk or loss. It is good in a way that QAs will get the better quality code. And in case if testers don't find any bug since they are re-running the same test cases then they can plan ad-hoc testing and/or monkey testing or anything.&#xA;You will have more time to experiment and find new ways to test the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is nothing that can go wrong with this approach. The only thing is that testing team might be able to find lesser defect as they will get clean code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, because of the delivery pressure on developers, they don't get enough time to harness the benefits of these helping documents. But, developers should actually test the code thoroughly even for functional scenarios before handing over the code to testers for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;From my perspective, it doesn't matter how many bugs testing team raise; the only thing that matters is how many bugs are leaked.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2018-04-25T23:25:28.700" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T23:25:28.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28560" CreationDate="2017-07-14T13:16:04.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your stacktrace says you have an &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/IndexOutOfBoundsException.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;IndexOutOfBoundsException&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in line 92. Here, you try to access index 59, although the list only has a size of 59 (note that indices start with 0, not 1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although I can not verify where line 92 exactly is, it looks like the last invocation of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Product_list.get(i).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the surrounding loop is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; Discounted_price.size(); i++)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You use the size of &lt;code&gt;Discounted_price&lt;/code&gt; to iterate over &lt;code&gt;Product_list&lt;/code&gt;, but the sizes of both lists are not equal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note: your code is really hard to read. Try out the formatter capabilites of your IDE and have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconventions-135099.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java's naming conventions&lt;/a&gt;. This will make maintenance a lot easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T13:16:04.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20233" CreationDate="2017-07-14T15:18:11.727" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather than accessing the element by Id try doing it with xpath. I can see the there is an  tag attached to this element. So you could make use of that.So for example if your checkbox is setup like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id = &quot;divContainer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;check-box&quot; data-val=&quot;true&quot; data-val-required=&quot;The Is Active &#xA; field is required.&quot; &#xA;id=&quot;IsActive&quot; name=&quot;IsActive&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can use something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; bool selected &#xA; =driver.findElemeny(By.xpath(.//[@id='divContainer']/input)).isSelected();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then you can make use of the selected variable to click or unclick the checkbox. If you could provide me with the full page's code then I will be able to write the full xpath for you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26879" LastActivityDate="2017-07-14T15:18:11.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28574" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-14T19:04:09.590" Score="2" ViewCount="1229" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have several &lt;code&gt;exe&lt;/code&gt;s that interact with one another and would like to use something akin to &quot;&lt;code&gt;Selenium&lt;/code&gt; for Console Apps&quot;.  What's available in C# land?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26918" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T08:06:30.263" Title="What tools are available to test console applications (I/O) on Windows?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28575" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28579" CreationDate="2017-07-15T02:10:51.140" Score="2" ViewCount="1589" Body="&lt;p&gt;When interacting with different elements and applying multiple actions it  may be quite convenient in some situations if we could do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement myInput = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;my-input-id&quot;));&#xA;myInput.clear().sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement myInput = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;my-input-id&quot;));&#xA;myInput.clear()&#xA;myInput.sendKeys(&quot;test&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, the problem is &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/WebElement.html#clear--&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;clear()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; and other &quot;action&quot; methods cannot be chained as is - they return &lt;code&gt;void&lt;/code&gt; and not the current &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be the easiest way to achieve chaining multiple actions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T05:46:34.390" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T06:46:28.227" Title="Chaining WebElement actions" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28576" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-15T02:42:17.207" Score="7" ViewCount="316" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are slowly generating small automated test cases for some software we develop. We've only got a few dozen or so written so far and we expect that in the end, we will have a few hundred, maybe a few thousands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is what are some of the best practices for linking a test case to the requirement it is testing. Right now all our specifications are Word documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A simple way is to put a comment in the test case itself saying that it covers section x.y.z of the specification document, and then a similar comment in the Word document itself saying that this requirement is covered by test cases 1, 2 and 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One challenge with that approach is that out requirements documents are also the same documents we give to our clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To help understand my situation, I work for a large company and only have control over a subset of the developers (who will also be writing the tests). We don't use Agile or any other formal development process. We already have software in production and are now adding more features and fixing bugs. A solution that requires buy-in from the whole company or all developers or all BA's isn't viable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26920" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T10:10:11.500" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T10:10:11.500" Title="How to link test cases back to the requirement (specification) document, and vice-versa" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28575" CreationDate="2017-07-15T05:14:49.750" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would your question be for C# than the answer would simply be &lt;strong&gt;extension methods&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For JAVA however, I can only think of &lt;strong&gt;subclassing&lt;/strong&gt; Driver and WebElement and add the method signatures you need, if you want to keep the syntax similar to what you posted. Adding your own methods even allows for custom logging and waiting (e.g. my framework method SetText waits for the element to be visible before SendKeys, and then clears it, so &lt;strong&gt;I never have to add a wait or a clear() in my PageObjects again&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So basically, &lt;strong&gt;if you create a good framework method that combines all (technical) steps to enter text, you will need only one line of code in your PageObjects&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However (and this is my opinion) I prefer the original syntax you posted because it is more readable. Especially if you would start having longer chains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T05:14:49.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28575" CreationDate="2017-07-15T05:20:58.507" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, the easiest way is to create your own wrappers, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement customSendKeys(WebElement we, String textToEnter) {&#xA;    we.sendKeys(textToEnter);&#xA;    return this;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would agree with previous answer, if you use page object pattern then you just write it once and don't bother with repeating the same code again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T05:41:26.903" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T05:41:26.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28575" CreationDate="2017-07-15T06:03:21.550" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The only solution I can see in Java is similar to what FDM suggested: using &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adapter_pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Adapter&lt;/a&gt; design pattern that wraps original &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MyWebElement {&#xA;&#xA;  private final WebElement original;&#xA;&#xA;  public MyWebElement(WebElement original) { this.original = original; }&#xA;&#xA;  private MyWebElement click() {&#xA;     original.click();&#xA;     return this;&#xA;  }&#xA;  ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, with &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I wonder what would be ROI from chaining WebElements in general.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, in test automation you use fluent interfaces to have concise and more readable tests. In tests you use Page Objects, Scenarios, Actions, etc, while WebElements are hidden inside of them. It would rather make sense to make Page Objects, Scenarios and Actions chainable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T06:46:28.227" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T06:46:28.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28574" CreationDate="2017-07-15T08:06:30.263" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend checking out if there are any command line options that you can use to automate the app. Typically console apps have plenty of them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See also &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6511978/run-console-application-in-c-sharp-with-parameters&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6511978/run-console-application-in-c-sharp-with-parameters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26503" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T08:06:30.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28582" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-15T11:06:52.307" Score="7" ViewCount="7374" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to get the maximum allowed  character in any text box  eg.user name, email address, in selenium webdriver ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25727" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T11:20:28.057" LastActivityDate="2020-05-24T07:41:33.513" Title="How to get max character count for input fields with selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28582" CreationDate="2017-07-15T11:25:10.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can find the field and get the maxlength attribute&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;max_length=find('input#id').getAttribute('maxlength')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the IDE I think it would be something like this to store it in 'x':&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;storeAttribute&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//input[@id='identifier']@maxlength&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;x&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;although I would use css for the identifier, more like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input#identifier@maxlength&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: in terms of how many characters the user is putting in the field - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/3166107/631619&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/3166107/631619&lt;/a&gt; shows over a million allowed so finding out by by using a loop might take a long while (due to the need to actually interact with the browser) depending on whether there is a server side limit being enforced - that will require a POST or PUT so you'll need thousands of them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T09:59:46.930" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T09:59:46.930" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28582" CreationDate="2017-07-15T11:28:21.577" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Different scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1) maxlength attribute&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In HTML you might have a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_input_maxlength.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;maxlength&lt;/code&gt; attribute&lt;/a&gt; on your input tag. In this case you can extract the value with Selenium's &lt;code&gt;GetAttribute(&quot;maxlength&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; or similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2) No maxlength attribute&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, the validation (if any) is either server-side or client-side (Javascript). Server-side code is impossible to see (ask the developers), client-side Javascript can be analysed but that will be a manual process rather than a Selenium script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if you still want to use Selenium to figure it out, here's the pseudo-code logic on how to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter a character &lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt; times in the input field (use a loop).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the input's value and see if it is &lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt; characters long.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is, start at 1. again with &lt;em&gt;N = N+1&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's not, the maximum length is &lt;em&gt;N-1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: it's possible that you could enter 500 characters but the server-side validation is at 100, for example. To test this, you'll need to perform another action (like saving) to see if any validation gets triggered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T11:28:21.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28576" CreationDate="2017-07-15T11:29:21.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't link in both directions; this means a lot of effort and may quickly become out of date. Maintaining documentation can also slow down development really bad. From my experience, code tends to be more volatile compared to requirements. Therefore, it's often easier to link test code to requirement documents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, test management is a heavily disputed topic. Some use simple Excel sheets, others favor dedicated test management tools. But being successful is influenced by many different factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project management (classical vs. agile)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Organizational structure (tall vs. flat)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Company size (big vs. small)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software stack (legacy vs. tested)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd start with a simple and lightweight approach. Try it out for a few weeks and talk to developers, testers, and managers afterwards. If everyone is happy, roll it out; otherwise, try something different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we do: We're using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JIRA Software&lt;/a&gt; to formulate requirements (epics/stories/tasks), in which each gets an ID (e.g. ABC-123). As we're using &lt;a href=&quot;http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Git Flow&lt;/a&gt; as our branching model, each change is developed in a dedicated branch. These branches are named according to the corresponding ID (e.g. &lt;code&gt;feature/ABC-123-fancy-navbar&lt;/code&gt;). When a feature is completed with respect to our &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_(software_development)#Definition_of_done_.28DoD.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DoD&lt;/a&gt;—which includes a sufficient number of tests—it gets reviewed and automatically merged after its approval. Since the generated merge commit message contains the ID (e.g. &quot;Merged &lt;code&gt;feature/ABC-123-fancy-navbar&lt;/code&gt;&quot;), we can easily follow the Git log and see which tests exist for which requirement. Of course, there may be gaps, but we prefer working software over comprehensive documentation. But, as I said, this may not work for others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T15:45:38.630" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T15:45:38.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28576" CreationDate="2017-07-15T11:52:09.127" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;how to link automated test cases and requirements&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;One approach that can help is to use a high level tool such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cucumber&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This effectively means that you have high level tests that work as your requirements and stay in sync with the actual code, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; I am a Logged in User&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; I click the Add Item button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; I am taken to the Add Item page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The '&lt;strong&gt;Given, When, Then&lt;/strong&gt;' format is known as the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Gherkin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gherkin&lt;/a&gt; syntax&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ultimate goal being software tests that also perform as human readable documentation.&#xA;Hopefully these are the sort of documents that you would find suitable to share with your client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, during development:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the approaches I commonly see used in Agile environments during development is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ticket in ticket tracking system (e.g. Jira) with id PROJ-123 and has requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;branch gets created that include PROJ-123 in name and has automated tests reflecting those requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;branch gets merged in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course now the PROJ-123 gets 'lost' as the code is just in master, however at this point that responsibility is handed to the cucumber tests that were created/updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another part I would consider is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code Coverage&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider using a tool such as codecov, code climate, etc. to see how much development code is covered by automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are quite different approaches to having fixed requirement documentation and test cases.  This is hard but ultimately gives greater flexibility and is why &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Agile Manifesto&lt;/a&gt; talks about working software over comprehensive documentation.  I would say &quot;working software backed by automated tests over comprehensive documentation&quot;.  The alternative, more fixed linkage tend to leads to regression test suites that keep growing over time and can't be easily refactored or removed and ever growing test suite run times which effectively kill innovation by a slow death.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T12:11:01.400" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T12:11:01.400" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28587" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28589" CreationDate="2017-07-15T12:40:55.967" Score="4" ViewCount="1466" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my college, I learned about Integration testing in which we combine the whole code together and then test it at once after we are done with unit testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A few days back, I heard about &lt;code&gt;Jenkins&lt;/code&gt;, which says it does Continuous Integration Testing. I read about it and learned that it means that a developer pushes his/her code several times a day to Jenkins for testing instead of sending the code at the end of the day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was confused so I went to read about it from Wikipedia but it didn't help. I read the two links below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Integration testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous integration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ELI5&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does this all mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;strong&gt;Regular Integration Testing&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Continuous Integration Testing&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19517" LastEditorUserId="19517" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T12:46:47.280" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T10:38:09.783" Title="Difference between Integration Testing and Continuous Integration Testing" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28587" CreationDate="2017-07-15T13:11:38.923" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a nutshell:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous integration (CI)&lt;/a&gt;: continuously integrate (small) software changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_Delivery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous delivery (CD)&lt;/a&gt;: continuously deliver these changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous testing (CT)&lt;/a&gt;: continuously test these changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; is just one of many servers (others are, for instance, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bamboo&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://travis-ci.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Travis CI&lt;/a&gt;) you can use to implement CI/CD/CT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration testing refers to one of the classic &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-are-software-testing-levels/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;software testing levels&lt;/a&gt;, in which you typically &lt;em&gt;integrate&lt;/em&gt; multiple modules to test their behavior together. However, the exact definition may vary from company to company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuous integration testing simply means the execution of integration tests within the CI/CD/CT pipeline. That is, usually each (committed/pushed) change runs against the integration tests to make sure no side effects have been introduced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T13:18:04.853" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T13:18:04.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28587" CreationDate="2017-07-15T14:01:07.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration testing is about taking the units of code developed with unit testing and combine them together into the desired system.  It (can) also mean testing software by including dependencies such as database, screen, communication, micro-services, etc.  This is as opposed to unit testing something and mocking and stubbing out all the dependencies (basically you assume they work and provide the values you expect in the test).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sometimes integration testing can be divided into 'local' and 'full'.  Local means test the code along with all the other code that it works with for that application (but not outside apps and dependencies).  Full means testing the full application with all the code and all the dependencies and services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Continuous Integration Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continuous Integration Testing is about a development workflow.  It means having a &lt;em&gt;remote&lt;/em&gt; server running a program such as Jenkins, CircleCI, etc. so that you commit code and test locally first (maybe just run a few unit tests) and then you push the committed code changes (usually in a branch) to the remote server which runs all the tests in the test suite(s), possibly using parallelization for efficiency of time.  When changes are merged into master you also push master to the CI server to run the full test suite before deploying the code into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be amiss if I didn't also mention:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Continuous Delivery&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a system (actually employed by some large players in the field - yahoo, etc.) to have a 'pipeline' whereby changes by a developer are made and then there are a series of sets of automated tests that will run, each set being triggered by the success of the previous set.  If all the sets pass the changes will actually be deployed to production.  I've seen this done with 50 changes a day.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-07-04T10:38:09.783" LastActivityDate="2018-07-04T10:38:09.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28590" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-15T16:31:48.873" Score="1" ViewCount="430" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes I got the projects which don't have any formal requirement, Client provides us AUT directly and ask to perform testing on it. In this case, what is the best way to start testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T09:47:31.410" Title="What is the best way to perform informal testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28590" CreationDate="2017-07-15T17:28:46.310" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need a spec of some sort.  Otherwise, you really have no idea what the program is supposed to do, or what requirements it has.  For example, say it doesn't start at all when you execute it.  Is this because it's just fundamentally broken, or because you're missing a license file somewhere, or because it's only supposed to work on Windows 8 and above, and you're running it on Windows 7?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are probably things that you can use as unofficial specs, with the caveat that they're almost certainly incomplete.  For example, there's probably some sort of documentation available, that lists system requirements, goes through the setup process, and talks about the program's functionality.  You could test to make sure that what's in the documentation is correct.  If the program has certain certifications, like &quot;Works with Windows x,&quot; you can validate that those certification requirements are met.  For a web application, you could potentially do load/stress testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you were done, I'd write some sort of test report with your assumptions, and what you tested for, and what problems you found.  For example, even if the documentation doesn't say so specifically, I'd work under the assumption that the program shouldn't crash/freeze while doing things it's documented to be able to do, or corrupt data.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T12:41:51.373" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T12:41:51.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28592" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-15T18:12:54.383" Score="3" ViewCount="750" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software engineering has many design patterns, including Adaptors, Abstract Factories, Decorators etc. Test automation, as a branch of software engineering, can use same patterns but has also its own design patterns, to name a few:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object&lt;/a&gt; - wraps an HTML page, or fragment, with an application-specific API, allowing you to manipulate page elements without digging around in the HTML. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/articles/Beyond-Page-Objects-Test-Automation-Serenity-Screenplay&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Screenplay&lt;/a&gt; - originally invented to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27488/screen-play-vs-page-object-pattern&quot;&gt;address limitations&lt;/a&gt; of Page Object pattern: an Actor have Abilities to perform certain Tasks composed of Actions that interact with Elements of a Screen&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.joekearney.co.uk/posts/guava-testlib-example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Features and Testers&lt;/a&gt; - originally invented by Guava team to test collections: different implementations share similar Features, so one test (caller Tester) for a specific feature can be used to test multiply implementations. It can be used to verify output of end-to-end scenarios as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are other design patterns specific to automating tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking more of design patterns related to object-oriented programming, describing relations between classes and interfaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T19:00:26.163" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T12:03:17.013" Title="Design patterns specific for test automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;pom&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-17T11:27:01.320" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28592" CreationDate="2017-07-15T18:26:17.530" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Happy and sad path testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Separating out functionality into 'ideal' happy path with correct inputs and selections and no errors, and 'sad' path with user and system errors occurring&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Mocking and Stubbing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Vital so that unit tests that would otherwise take a long time can complete quickly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Data Driven Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using complex data sets with different values to drive the testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The Test Pyramid, more on the bottom, less on top&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Manual&#xA;  Integrated&#xA;Unit Level Tests&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;The Test Quadrants&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   Int  | Perf/Sec&#xA;   _____|___________&#xA;   Unit | Exploratory&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-15T18:39:30.110" LastActivityDate="2017-07-15T18:39:30.110" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-17T11:27:01.320" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16698" CreationDate="2017-07-16T04:45:39.613" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to your question you are looking for &lt;strong&gt;button&lt;/strong&gt; logout, not for the text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So as we see in the image we will find the Button is a Link control inside the Div &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;header_menu logout&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the best match to locate the button is using xpath bellow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@class='header_menu logout']//a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26791" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T04:45:39.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28590" CreationDate="2017-07-16T04:56:27.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think all the time we are facing such issue , a product without any documentations, So the approach should be like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define you testing technique &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to know the main purpose or target business function that the AUT is handling (&lt;strong&gt;Happy Path&lt;/strong&gt;) by discussing with product stockholders.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you are working in a group, try to dived work between team, some peoples to focus on &lt;strong&gt;GUI&lt;/strong&gt; (Look and Feel issues), Some for &lt;strong&gt;Security&lt;/strong&gt; , some for &lt;strong&gt;performance&lt;/strong&gt; if applicable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26791" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T04:56:27.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28597" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-16T05:20:48.043" Score="1" ViewCount="1028" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I write test script (Descriptive programming) in QTP/UFT, I find difficult to figure out &amp;amp; choose unique properties for objects identification, now here I want to know that is there any way to figure out the best unique property for the same kind of objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T17:27:23.763" Title="How to identify &amp; choose unique properties for objects identification in QTP/UFT?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28598" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28590" CreationDate="2017-07-16T11:17:24.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned before, you need some sort of requirements to tell if the result of an action is correct. This is also known as the &lt;a href=&quot;http://kaner.com/?p=190&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oracle problem&lt;/a&gt;, which says that testers rely on partial oracles in order to decide whether a piece of software behaves correctly. Of course, there might be situations in which you can tell that the observed behavior is wrong, although you don't exactly know what the SUT is supposed to do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A tester might recognize a result of a calculation as impossibly large even though she doesn’t know what the exact result should be. (You might not know offhand what 1.465732 x 2.74312 is, but if a program said 7,000,000 you could reject that as obviously wrong without doing any calculations.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, to be effective and efficient, talk to your client. You don't need super-formal, machine-readable requirements, but at least an overview as well as some core processes and features. This will make it at lot easier to define, execute, and interpret test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there're techniques you can use without any knowledge about the SUT. For instance, you can set up a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkey_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;monkey testing&lt;/a&gt; environment to find crashes and hangs. This scales easily since you can run an arbitrary number of instances simultaneously in the cloud. Some examples for monkey testing tools are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Web: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/marmelab/gremlins.js/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;gremlin.js&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Android: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/studio/test/monkey.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UI/Application Exerciser Monkey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java Swing: &lt;a href=&quot;https://retest.de/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ReTest&lt;/a&gt; (disclaimer: I'm a software engineer at ReTest) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, you can then use these &quot;generated&quot; test cases to perform regression testing when you get a new version of the SUT. Regression testing sidesteps the oracle problem by using the software itself as the oracle. That is, the results of a previous (typically stable) version serve as the oracle for the tests (also known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwarequalitymethods.com/Papers/OracleTax.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consistency oracle&lt;/a&gt; as it compares the consistency between two versions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T11:17:24.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24496" CreationDate="2017-07-16T13:30:29.093" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There're several test tools that already use machine learning. Especially within the field of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www0.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/mharman/icst15.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;search-based software testing (SBST)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, genetic algorithms (GAs) are often used to optimize test generation towards different goals, such as code coverage or test length. Some examples are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://evosuite.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;EvoSuite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://code.fb.com/developer-tools/sapienz-intelligent-automated-software-testing-at-scale/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sapienz&lt;/a&gt; (formerly &lt;a href=&quot;http://majicke.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MaJiCKe&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://retest.de/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ReTest&lt;/a&gt; (disclaimer: I'm a software engineer at ReTest)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Search for &lt;em&gt;multi-objective search-based testing (MoSBaT)&lt;/em&gt;, there you'll find more information on how you can &quot;quantify&quot; test suites/cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other interesting approaches using machine learning for software testing are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://functionize.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Functionize&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://test.ai/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test.ai&lt;/a&gt; (formerly &lt;a href=&quot;https://appdiff.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AppDiff&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testim.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testim&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2018-08-03T21:07:31.217" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T21:07:31.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2017-07-16T14:09:13.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I'm not aware of any off-the-shelf software, but have a look at the field of &lt;em&gt;search-based software engineering (SBSE)&lt;/em&gt;, especially its subfield &lt;em&gt;search-based software testing (SBST)&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, in his &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4xWZj1ocDo&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;talk on SBST&lt;/a&gt;, Mark Harman explains &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/y4xWZj1ocDo?t=9m28s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;how automatic test suite selection can be done&lt;/a&gt; with respect to multiple objectives:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;previously found faults&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;code coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;execution time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He also refers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=W9ymXf4AAAAJ&amp;amp;hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Shin Yoo's work&lt;/a&gt;, which includes very good papers on that topic. As an example, &lt;a href=&quot;http://sebase.cs.ucl.ac.uk/fileadmin/crest/sebasepaper/YooNH11_01.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Faster Fault Finding at Google Using Multi Objective Regression Test Optimisation&quot;&lt;/a&gt; reports results from a project that integrated search-based test optimization into Google's regression testing processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T17:07:43.117" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T17:07:43.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16980" CreationDate="2017-07-16T15:52:28.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that currently this is done mostly through tools providing analysis of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Code Coverage&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools detailed at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/195027/631619&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/195027/631619&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;em&gt;Code Coverage is a measurement of how many lines/blocks/arcs of your code are executed while the automated tests are running.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously you would be interested in the code that is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; executed by any test so the tool needs to show that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sophisticated Tools will include examination of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;scoping&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dependencies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;function code length&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;core vs. optional processes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;number of times function is called&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whether a value is returned from a function&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use / abuse / suggestion of design patterns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;number and type of parameters and use in logic paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so that they can grade code and not just provide pass/fail&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-16T15:59:30.877" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T15:59:30.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28592" CreationDate="2017-07-16T19:08:57.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is probably not a design pattern but more like an organizational/structural pattern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When having a big test codebase and following the Page Object pattern for WebDriverJS/Protractor testing, we've found out that having a complex Page Object defined as a node &quot;package&quot; (directory with &lt;code&gt;index.js&lt;/code&gt; as a main entry point) with child page object exposed through the parent one proved to be quite convenient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;- page.po&#xA;    - index.js&#xA;    - subPage1.po.js&#xA;    - subPage2.po.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;index.js&lt;/code&gt; defines a parent page object exposing child page objects as object fields:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var subPage1 = require(&quot;./subPage1.po&quot;),&#xA;    subPage2 = require(&quot;./subPage2.po&quot;),&#xA;&#xA;var ParentPage = function () {&#xA;    // some fields here&#xA;&#xA;    // child page objects&#xA;    this.subPage1 = new SubPage1(this);&#xA;    this.subPage2 = new SubPage2(this);&#xA;};&#xA;&#xA;module.exports = new ParentPage();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var parentPage = require(&quot;page&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;parentPage.someField.click();&#xA;parentPage.subPage1.someChildPageField.sendKeys(&quot;Test!&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-16T19:08:57.357" CommentCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-17T11:27:01.320" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28604" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1321" CreationDate="2017-07-17T01:52:16.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am presently using EggPlant to my automation project in big scale. I am really loving it. Yes, I do agree that some times it fail to recognize the objects when there is a change in pixel densities. But the such a thing happens when there is totally a big update in the environment. My belief is, any other automation tool should also update its environment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eggplant is very robust an flexible to use. And it is not true to say, it only works for Mac system. I am using it on windows and I have never used it on Mac. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have noticed a serious &lt;strong&gt;dis-like&lt;/strong&gt; among many of them due to &lt;strong&gt;non availability of code help and corresponding response&lt;/strong&gt; among different groups due to the unfortunate policy with the development company &quot;TestPlant&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;They seriously need to change this policy before the repulsion in industry kills the EggPlant&lt;/strong&gt; and need to make the discussions public.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26927" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T01:52:16.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2175" CreationDate="2017-07-17T02:00:16.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes You can use eggplant while working with Flash animation. I would say, no other tool can replace it while working with dynamic images and animations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only care you are supposed to take is, to follow the best practices while capturing your images to recognize your image back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eggplant is very robust an flexible to use. And it is not true to say, it only works for Mac system. I am using it on windows and I have never used it on Mac. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have noticed a serious &lt;strong&gt;dis-like&lt;/strong&gt; among many of them due to &lt;strong&gt;non availability of code help and corresponding response&lt;/strong&gt; among different groups due to the unfortunate policy with the development company &quot;TestPlant&quot;. &lt;strong&gt;They seriously need to change this policy before the repulsion in industry kills the EggPlant&lt;/strong&gt; and need to make the discussions public.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26927" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T02:00:16.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28606" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-17T02:29:49.207" Score="3" ViewCount="2247" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Somewhat &lt;a href=&quot;https://askubuntu.com/a/773384/45156&quot;&gt;specific&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;code&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/code&gt;, this is towards running &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/28603/8900&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; &lt;code&gt;JAR&lt;/code&gt; on a server.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Running &lt;code&gt;xvfb&lt;/code&gt; just &lt;a href=&quot;https://askubuntu.com/q/934562/45156&quot;&gt;hangs for me&lt;/a&gt;, so trying to get the syntax properly:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;thufir@doge:~/.html$ &#xA;thufir@doge:~/.html$ xvfb-run --auto-servernum --server-num=1 --server-args='-screen 0, 1024x768x24' firefox -start-maximized http://www.google.com &amp;gt; /dev/null &amp;amp;&#xA;[5] 2485&#xA;thufir@doge:~/.html$ &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so that at least some output is captured, ie:  &lt;code&gt;foo.html&lt;/code&gt; or such.  I've tried redirecting to a file but can't seem to get any output from &lt;code&gt;xvfb&lt;/code&gt; with the above usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in larger the context of running &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt; from the CLI as so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -jar NetBeansProjects/selenium/build/libs/selenium-all.jar&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I execute the &lt;code&gt;JAR&lt;/code&gt; so that it's purely a CLI operation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see also:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/7568899/262852&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/q/7568899/262852&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/16726227/262852&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/q/16726227/262852&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/38-headless&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/38-headless&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8900" LastEditorUserId="8900" LastEditDate="2018-12-26T19:24:16.643" LastActivityDate="2018-12-26T19:24:16.643" Title="How to run Selenium through xvfb? (X frame virtual buffer)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;xvfb&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28607" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28620" CreationDate="2017-07-17T03:55:39.530" Score="-2" ViewCount="1038" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work on automation scripts written in selenium using Java at my current job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to expand my skills and learn a scripting language to help with more advanced UI automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After research I have decided that Python or Javascript would be good choices, but I am not sure which would be better for web UI automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the key advantages and disadvantages of learning and using Python vs learning and using Javascript for advanced UI automation, especially web UI?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17212" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T11:35:57.697" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T14:44:01.573" Title="Advantages and disadvantages of learning Python Vs learnng Javascript?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28614" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-17T12:31:48.693" Score="1" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to use two identifiers for the same element and use the first one found.&#xA;With Java, we have &lt;code&gt;@findAll.&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Is there any way to that with javascript protractor? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any function/options or something relative? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26938" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T08:18:53.253" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T08:19:35.313" Title="Options for @findAll in protractor" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24444" CreationDate="2017-07-17T12:32:15.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In any of mobile testing services, handling of scroll can be done with the help of swipe method on Touch screen as mentioned below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TouchAction touchAction = new TouchAction(driver);&#xA;touchAction.press(x1,y1).moveTo(x2,y2).release();&#xA;driver.performTouchAction(touchAction4);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case, x1 and y1 refer to current coordinates.&#xA;x2 and y2 refer to the new coordinate where the application should be scrolled to.&#xA;Further, locator of elements can also be passed instead of its coordinates.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer to below link for further reference on this:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://community.perfectomobile.com/posts/1087898-scrolling-in-appium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://community.perfectomobile.com/posts/1087898-scrolling-in-appium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T12:32:15.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28616" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28617" CreationDate="2017-07-17T12:42:57.813" Score="4" ViewCount="238" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if this has a sort review process, but here goes (direct me elsewhere if appropriate)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written these tests, and wondered if my use of Given, When and Then was correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I ask because it just seems I get one &lt;code&gt;when&lt;/code&gt; per expectation - does everyone else find this - or do I just have an overly simplified example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('Feature: Array Comparer', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    const Subject = (arr1, arr2) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        return compare(arr1, arr2);&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    describe('Given two identical arrays', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        const arrayOne = [{&#xA;            value: 2&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            value: 1&#xA;        }];&#xA;&#xA;        const arrayTwo = [{&#xA;            value: 1&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            value: 2&#xA;        }];&#xA;&#xA;        describe('When comparing them', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;            const result = Subject(arrayOne, arrayTwo);&#xA;&#xA;            it('should return true', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;                expect(result).toBe(true);&#xA;            });&#xA;&#xA;        });&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    describe('Given two different arrays', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        const arrayOne =[{&#xA;            value: 3&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            value: 1&#xA;        }];&#xA;&#xA;        const arrayTwo = [{&#xA;            value: 3&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            value: 5&#xA;        }];&#xA;&#xA;        describe('When comparing them', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;            const result = Subject(arrayOne, arrayTwo);&#xA;&#xA;            it('should return false', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;                expect(result).toBe(false);&#xA;            });&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    describe('Given one empty array', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        const arrayOne = [{&#xA;            value: 1&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            value: 3&#xA;        }];&#xA;&#xA;        const arrayTwo = [];&#xA;&#xA;        describe('When comparing them', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;            const result = Subject(arrayOne, arrayTwo);&#xA;&#xA;            it('should return false', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;                expect(result).toBe(false);    &#xA;            });&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output being:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RZDvs.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RZDvs.png&quot; alt=&quot;test output&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26939" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T13:29:35.917" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T13:29:35.917" Title="Given When Then - is one 'then' per test acceptable usage?" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28616" CreationDate="2017-07-17T13:04:13.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One assertation ('then') per test is a good thing and generally considered a best practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may seem a bit wordy and long but the idea is that when it fails you know exactly and specifically what the issue is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The frequent exception to this is UI tests which use multiple assertions per test, mostly in the interest of time as they run slowly due to bringing up an actual browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Techniques you can use include nesting describes (as you have done) and using &lt;code&gt;before :each&lt;/code&gt; for setup to be repeated for the containing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T13:04:13.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28614" CreationDate="2017-07-17T13:31:14.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, there are no decorators in JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you can do is to locate multiple elements and then use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=ElementArrayFinder.prototype.first&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.first()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var MyPageObject = function () {&#xA;    this.multipleElement = element.all(by.css(&quot;.someclass&quot;));&#xA;    this.firstElement = this.multipleElements.first();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, you are not repeating locators and following the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY principle&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T13:31:14.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28619" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28629" CreationDate="2017-07-17T14:23:17.587" Score="1" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a little bit confused with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/840/5574&quot;&gt;&quot;state transition modeling&quot; technique&lt;/a&gt; used for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a high-level, we have 3 major states when a user logs into the application under test: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;logged out&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;logging in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;logged in / dashboard&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, during logging in, our application under test makes multiple asynchronous requests to different API endpoints. I'd like to explore if there are any potential problems related to order of the received responses, or if some of the responses were never sent, network timeouts etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I break the &quot;logging in&quot; state into multiple smaller states? How deep and inter-connected, in general, should the state transition tables/diagrams be? Are there any best-practices? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T19:48:23.443" Title="Modeling application state transitions" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;state-diagrams&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28607" CreationDate="2017-07-17T14:44:01.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any language is a tool to solve certain kind of problems, so (if you allow me to slightly exaggerate) you are talking between which &lt;strong&gt;tool you should buy: a hammer or a screwdriver&lt;/strong&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every such selection will have pros and cons, so only you can decide which pros are more important for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in common situation like yours, I would advice to go for Python, without any hesitation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both languages are similar in sense they are both dynamically typed with flexible data literals (as compared to Java) and both are widely used for web UI automation (which is more than just automated web regression testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python has more wide use outside of web automation, for different tasks you may encounter around testing, for generic system administration tasks like moving files around, writing cron jobs, and just general text files parsing and manipulation, like generating test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OTOH Javascript is THE language for UI development, Angular, Protractor, etc. I think this is smaller niche than Python, because you ALWAYS need to manipulate the files. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also because Python has more careful design more oriented towards &lt;strong&gt;reading programs by humans&lt;/strong&gt;, Python community finds it easier to collaborate and share the code. With Javascript, it is easier to find low-quality examples of the code. It is not as bad as PHP but close. :-) Javascript is closer to Lisp than to Java, because it is prototype-based, not object-oriented, and it's name is just marketing gimmick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python is object-oriented (closer to Java) but not as object-obsessed as Java is (you can also program in procedural style, or functional if you want and need), but there are some subtle differences with Java too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T14:44:01.573" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28614" CreationDate="2017-07-17T14:52:04.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;finally I did this easy function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function locateElement(desktopLocator, mobileLocator)&#xA;{&#xA;    var locator = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;    if(browser.platform === &quot;Desktop&quot;) &#xA;    {&#xA;        return desktopLocator;&#xA;    } &#xA;    else &#xA;    {&#xA;        return mobileLocator;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;myProfileTab: locateElement(element(by.tagName('element1')), element(by.tagName('element2')))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It Works perfectly now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26938" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T08:19:35.313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T08:19:35.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28622" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-17T15:02:21.677" Score="-1" ViewCount="39" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am writing an ember acceptance test. I have a text area that will trigger a drop-down each time a new character is entered. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what is the best way to test that the drop-down appears after each new character and that it contains the expected text. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26942" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T11:29:41.517" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T11:29:45.123" Title="Ember - best way to test on-change function dropdown" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;ember&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28597" CreationDate="2017-07-17T15:06:35.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes there is not a single property which will uniquely identify the object and we have to use a number of properties to identify the one we are looking for. In my experience, you keep adding properties/attributes in your descriptive code until you find the object. I always start with &quot;html id&quot;or  &quot;name&quot; if there is one available as most of the times that is unique. If it is not I would always ask the developers if there are any specific reasons to do. Sometimes it takes them just a few seconds to add such unique property so it is always better to ask them! To achieve uniqueness, I have used combination of &quot;micclass&quot;, &quot;innertext&quot;, &quot;html tag&quot;, &quot;visible&quot; and &quot;title&quot; properties but there may be more you can use depending on your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it is helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26787" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T15:06:35.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28624" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28622" CreationDate="2017-07-17T16:39:35.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to check for specific elements with a wait in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type in the text area&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for a dropdown element on the page to be present with correct values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type in the text area&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait for a dropdown element on the page to be present with correct values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need help past the logic please add specifics with the application under test and the test itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://guides.emberjs.com/v2.11.0/testing/acceptance/#toc_wait-helpers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wait Helpers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T16:39:35.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28619" CreationDate="2017-07-17T19:01:30.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Treat the API calls individually.  Each API is an interface connection which can stand independent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then after you have them all separate reference the diagrams for each in a sequence for the page load.  Any API modifications then are fully encapsulated in their own place while your login remains a single place too and just references them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T19:01:30.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28626" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28630" CreationDate="2017-07-17T19:06:08.027" Score="17" ViewCount="4318" Body="&lt;p&gt;From time to time when doing test automation, a locator for the desired element is either too complicated, fragile or not readable. In cases like this, we ask developers to add IDs or other data-oriented attribute to an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is, currently in this kind of situations the following thing happens:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a developer is asked to add an ID (or change markup in some other way) via instant-team-chat (e.g &lt;a href=&quot;https://slack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Slack&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the less desirable locator is added at the moment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a TODO comment is put near the locator to come back and use a better locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, you know what usually happens to &lt;code&gt;TODO&lt;/code&gt; comments - they just stay in the codebase forever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you improve the situation? Should we ask developers to improve markup for testers formally via Jira? Should we do it for every single element or somehow address it for the whole application at once?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T10:30:43.713" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T20:24:21.467" Title="Asking UI developers to adjust markup to improve automated tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28626" CreationDate="2017-07-17T19:17:47.733" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I do not think making a request via Jira instead of via Slack would make any difference despite Jira being more formal and having more publicity and visibility.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal suggestion is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Invest some effort on looking into why developers only offer less desirable locators? Is there a different opinion regarding what a desirable locator is between testers and developers?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The best way to catch less desirable locators is via code review among developers. Is it possible to introduce locator assessment into the existing code review process?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should we do it for every single element or somehow address it for the whole application at once?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It depends on the audience. If this is a general practice among several developers, it needs to be addressed as a whole. But if this is a relatively isolated incident, if I &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;was&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; a developer, I would like someone to come over to my desk and talk to me first. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T04:18:21.723" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T04:18:21.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28626" CreationDate="2017-07-17T19:33:54.347" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;My preference is to turn this into a team discussion with the goal of getting coding standards in place that require test-friendly locators to be used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There can be resistance to changing the standards, but with a lot of tact and a bit of effort, testers can get this through.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The informal conversation is always my starting point. If that gets me nowhere, I start taking notes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time to locate and test a usable locator for element X &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time it would have taken to use an expected locator like ID&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time for developer to add expected locator to code while coding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time for developer to retrofit locators to code after the fact&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time to debug and then change to test code because of other issues with the undesirable locator and potentially.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What usually emerges is that it saves everyone time to do it properly the first time and put in unique identifiers on every element when they write the code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, it's faster for developers to go with IDE defaults which don't necessarily add the identifiers you want or if they do, you get less-than-helpful defaults. In that case, it helps to be able to make the case to managers that the time developers save by not doing this is far outweighed by the time you lose trying to find a usable alternative - and that time is costing the company money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T19:33:54.347" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28619" CreationDate="2017-07-17T19:48:23.443" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You actually have more states implied by your example than you indicated:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Not logged in&lt;/strong&gt; - can be reached by entering the system, logging out, having your session timed out. &quot;logged out&quot; is a subset of the not logged in state from this point of view.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Logging in&lt;/strong&gt; - reached by submitting credentials. Depending on how granular the API calls are, this could split into substates or be represented by multiple states such as &quot;username verified&quot;, &quot;username and password verified&quot;, &quot;permissions retrieved&quot; etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Login completed and failed&lt;/strong&gt; - Again, this state could be split into multiple possible states such as &quot;account locked&quot;, &quot;invalid credentials&quot;, or even &quot;site not accepting logins at this time&quot;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Login completed successfully&lt;/strong&gt; - This state could be a precursor to the state of &quot;dashboard displayed&quot; or you could separate it out, again, depending on precisely how your application processes the data. I've also seen state models distinguish by permission levels, so the outcome of a successful login could be one of &quot;Logged in as administrator&quot;, &quot;Logged in as power user&quot;, &quot;Logged in as general user&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing with state transition modeling is that &lt;strong&gt;the modeling captures your application transitions in a way that is useful to your testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T19:48:23.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28626" CreationDate="2017-07-17T20:00:04.220" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had exactly this discussion with our developers recently, and I do not have satisfactory solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My situation was complicated by the fact that (for our Angular-based pages) some tests are developed in protractor/javascript, and they can access specific to Angular, while vast majority of our e2e test are developed in Python/webdriver and cannot access those angular-specific locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, disclosure: &lt;strong&gt;I avoid XPath locators like a plague&lt;/strong&gt;. They are flaky, slow and brittle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adding IDs is not consequence-free&lt;/strong&gt;: IDs have to be unique, and adding additional elements with same ID would break the old test which used it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Name-based locators are more forgiving&lt;/strong&gt;: if you have few elements with the same name (and you are prepared to handle the ambiguity), it is easier to recover by finding the right one from the list. IDs are often generated by widget itself, like some Angular/Material widgets, so adding a custom ID is not even an option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Names work perfectly for things like rows, where every item in a column might have same name, and can be distinguished by some other attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One solution (for lucky few) is to have a &lt;strong&gt;naming convention/best practices agreement&lt;/strong&gt; with developers to add &quot;name&quot; attributes. If accepted, missing locator is breaking such agreement (&lt;strong&gt;definition of done&lt;/strong&gt;), and is added on request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another solution (or for locators in pages which are not under active development, say if backfilling e2e test for existing old pages) is to &lt;strong&gt;have one &quot;umbrella&quot; bug to add locators&lt;/strong&gt;, so developers can add them (and have a bug number to work with - in our process, even such trivial change has to have associated bug number).Such umbrella bug gives you a head start: it is already approved, scope and consequences are known. Any other bug would have to compete for resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OTOH you can &lt;strong&gt;just use CSS locators&lt;/strong&gt;, which can use hierarchy of elements, but are more sturdy and faster than XPath. Of course some of such CSS locators would be long and complicated (worse than name-based locators), but you do not rely on co-operation (or lack of thereof) from developers, so you &lt;strong&gt;can advance faster&lt;/strong&gt;, without waiting for developers and their goodwill.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is all complicated by time pressure, and possible split between application developers and coders of automated tests. Because like automated testers, developers have their own priorities, and often making automated test coders more productive is &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; a metrics they care about (which relates to recent debate about different metrics while developing app and testing it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T22:48:04.873" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T22:48:04.873" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28626" CreationDate="2017-07-17T20:28:35.607" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's a matter of how good relation in your team betwene devs and QAs in general, and between specific team members, in particular, is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What helped in my team to improve collaboration and increase testability of the product (not only IDs for locators) was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Involving developers into writing new end-to-end tests and stabilizing existing ones. They decided to help when they found we have too many stories pending tests. This way they could share our pain and see more value from our tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In return we try to review their component tests and propose new test scenarios for them. We were also open to some of their initiatives on how to stabilize end-to-end tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-07-17T20:42:51.740" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T20:42:51.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28632" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28633" CreationDate="2017-07-17T21:52:20.790" Score="0" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having issues locating the text of start and end times on our web application using page objects. Below is the code, the only thing that will change is the time (in between &lt;code&gt;::before&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;::after&lt;/code&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I locate the class in the page object?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dd ng-class=&quot;pdfView ? 'col-xs-9' : ''&quot; class=&quot;byt-start-time ng-binding ng-scope&quot; ng-if=&quot;!byt.bytID.timeStartText&quot;&amp;gt;9:00 PM&amp;lt;/dd&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="26037" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T19:28:27.857" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T19:28:27.857" Title="Issues locating start/end times with protractor" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28632" CreationDate="2017-07-17T22:05:16.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Taking into account the given HTML, relying on a &lt;code&gt;byt-start-time&lt;/code&gt; class should work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var startTime = $(&quot;.byt-start-time&quot;);&#xA;startTime.getText().then(console.log);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-17T22:05:16.487" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28626" CreationDate="2017-07-18T00:20:55.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This has been a long running topic for me over many organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Originally I hoped to be able to ask for or add myself the attributes that I wanted for automation.  However I soon learned this would lead to too many unproductive conversations about the right names with developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I hoped to add data attributes for automation, having &lt;code&gt;qe-&lt;/code&gt; attributes under my control.  But this lead to duplication of effort and questioning of extra sized pages for end users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally I've ended up with the conclusion that all the groups that edit the pages - application developers, UI developers and QE automation developers - all need to share the same UI and so need to share appropriate identifiers.  That said, there still needs to be opportunities to communicate and the three that come to mind for me are code review, definition of done and development process communication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also learned that there can be a fourth 'actor' - application frameworks.  For example with ruby on rails the '&lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt;' attribute is auto generated by rails based on database column name and for many fields will be an appropriate identifier to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T00:20:55.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28626" CreationDate="2017-07-18T07:29:59.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think your problems lies in point 3 -- adding a TODO in the code. The best way to get rid of those, like to many other things, is to never introduce them in the first place. If you need the ID inserted pick a good ID from the start so you don't have to come back. Of course, that's not always easy so you might want to provide some standard way of naming things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document it! The most important thing is to document that ID; make a task out of it and write the ID you came up with in that task -- if you think it may need revision, get someone to review it and note who helped you do&#xA;the review. Slack is great for a number of things, but if it's an important part of your development process, you need documentation and Slack does not invite documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review it! If it's hard to think of a name, you probably want to have a minor debate on the name. Set up a list of criteria that a name needs to meet in order to be accepted in a review. Make sure you review all IDs until people get the hang of naming things.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Never add a todo! Seriously, it's not that hard once you get the idea of writing TODOs in the code out of your mindset. Documentation really is key in any kind of development of any kind and has been neglected for far too long by far too many people.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get rid of stale tasks. If you didn't do it and nobody complained in, say, 3 months, it was probably not worth doing anyway.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Speaking from the experience of a software developer who is currently tasked with updating the UI of a 30klos (kilo lines of spaghetti) component with no documentation, inconsistent naming and misuse of the chosen framework and the original developers having retired 10 years ago (i.e. an industry standard development job).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26953" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T07:29:59.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28455" CreationDate="2017-07-18T08:06:05.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've tried similar gamification ideas in the past, though in helpdesk teams. Here's some experiences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some of the team took to it and some didn't - so the team members that were not interested became more withdrawn and weren't involved in the inevitable banter among the enthusiasts: &lt;strong&gt;not good for the team&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enthusiasts created more tickets (duplicates/variations that should have been extensions of previous tickets): &lt;strong&gt;Testers will potentially log multiple bug variations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The enthusiasts didn't want to work with other team members/discuss an issue in case credit for the solution was stolen. I can see this happening in testing: &lt;strong&gt;Testers won't discuss issues together and conclude based on collective intelligence - they'll just log bugs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team members with specialisms in certain areas would previously be assigned tickets, but others wanted to keep them for their score: &lt;strong&gt;Issues were not solved efficiently so not good for the customer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A couple of other thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers working on more complex software will score more points&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers will want to work with lower quality developers!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might work better with testers but there will be inevitable changes in team behaviour that won't &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; be positive =/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26855" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T08:06:05.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28453" CreationDate="2017-07-18T11:07:41.273" Score="10" Body="&lt;h2&gt;30 Good Practices to improve Exploratory Testing&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bug_tracking_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bug tracking system&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/boundary_testing.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boundary testing&lt;/a&gt; of values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usertesting.com/blog/2016/02/19/customer-personas/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing personas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nishantverma.com/2010/03/test-case-paths-happy-sad-bad.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;happy, sad and optional&lt;/a&gt; paths&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Become skilled at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.portent.com/blog/analytics/how-to-read-a-web-site-log-file.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;reading server logs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/usable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usability and accessibility&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2014/09/testing-mobile-emulators-simulators-remote-debugging/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;emulators and simulators&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn more about the customers needs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be present in business process meetings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintain an easy to use library for devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask immediate product questions in person&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the company metrics for quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Develop good relations w/ product managers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn the business domain and the key factors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about visual, auditory and tactile disabilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understand the database design and implementation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about both internal and external business processes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use the value proposition to determine what bugs to report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get documentation of application workflows and functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn to use local &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtualization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;virtualization&lt;/a&gt;, e.g. Parallels, VirtualBox, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Categorize bug severity in a way that is relevant to the business&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn relevant knowledge for &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-i18n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;localization and internationalization&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn and use remote services such as browserstack and saucelabs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Become skilled in using browser tools such as console and inspectors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use automation for repetitive tasks and humans to spot other changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Replicate real user environments for network speed, sunlight, heat, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure the system used for &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/exploratory-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt; closely mimics production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use company data to determine what devices and browsers customers use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a well integrated 'drop to cloud' system* for screenshots and links to them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gain a wide variety of experiences in life to help think about different approaches&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Agile Folks:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oxQLu.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oxQLu.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* CloudApp for Mac is a good example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T10:31:00.243" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T10:31:00.243" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28644" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28647" CreationDate="2017-07-18T13:02:25.290" Score="1" ViewCount="11640" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestCase: Verify the table ROW contains text.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To verify text present in Table Row, i tried Using  &lt;code&gt;&quot;expect.gettext().toContain(datefinal)&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;But ouput returns  &lt;code&gt;&quot;Expected '7/18/17' to contain undefined.&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table class=&quot;table&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;tr class=&quot;tableheader&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;td nowrap=&quot;true&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;a &#xA;href=&quot;/internal/servlet/internalAccountPartner&amp;amp;command=edit&quot;&#xA;ALL_User@sb.com&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;td align=&quot;left&quot;&amp;gt;7/18/17&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CODE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; var dateString = &quot;&quot;;&#xA; var newDate = new Date();&#xA; // Get the month, day, and year.&#xA; dateString += (newDate.getMonth() + 1) + &quot;/&quot;;&#xA; dateString += newDate.getDate() + &quot;/&quot;;&#xA; dateString += newDate.getFullYear() - 2000;&#xA; var datefinal = console.log(dateString);&#xA; expect(cells.get(6).getText()).toContain(datefinal);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OUTPUT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Expected '7/18/17' to contain undefined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-18T19:07:59.620" LastActivityDate="2019-06-10T17:52:20.260" Title="Protractor: How to verify text present in the table row?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28645" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-18T14:43:32.857" Score="2" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently trying to automate the testing of the visual appearance of a web application. I'm using a combination of openCV and tesseract OCR to find text intersection with Element borders with quite some success but the second Text overlaps with text tesseract fails to recognize characters and therefor fails to properly outline text boxes. I'm using seleniums WebElement.getRectangle() function to try and look for Elements intersecting into each other but not only is it slow but also shows a lot of false positives because of hidden text nodes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the problem boils down to a binary Image classification (overlapping text or not overlapping text) I've created a simple classification model in Tensorflow which doesn't produce good results though since even after I mined all the data our bug tracker/google gave I'm still far away from having a solid set to train it on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to the heart of my question: Since I do not believe that I'm the first person to try to get rid of the task to look through hundreds upon hundreds of screenshots only to make sure everything looks right does anyone know of a huge enough data set of common visual errors to efficiently train a convoluted neural network with it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-07T07:32:37.030" LastActivityDate="2020-09-07T07:32:37.030" Title="Visual Errors Training Data" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28644" CreationDate="2017-07-18T19:06:35.257" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are assigning &lt;code&gt;datefinal&lt;/code&gt; to the result of the &lt;code&gt;console.log()&lt;/code&gt; call - which is &lt;code&gt;undefined&lt;/code&gt;, hence the error. You meant to assert against &lt;code&gt;dateString&lt;/code&gt; string:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;expect(cells.get(6).getText()).toContain(dateString);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-18T19:06:35.257" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10026" CreationDate="2017-07-18T19:59:22.697" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iL7Ile14M-A&amp;amp;t=2s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is&lt;/a&gt; Video Tutorial about How to test a toaster?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26969" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T05:05:31.480" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T05:05:31.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28592" CreationDate="2017-07-18T22:41:32.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my favorite patterns: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characterization_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Characterization Testing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (aka Golden Master Testing) is a neat way to deal with legacy code, which is, according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Michael Feathers&lt;/a&gt;, simply code without tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Code without tests is bad code. It doesn’t matter how well written it is; it doesn’t matter how pretty or object-oriented or well-encapsulated it is. With tests, we can change the behavior of our code quickly and verifiably. Without them, we really don’t know if our code is getting better or worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, Feathers points out that in &quot;[…] nearly every legacy system, what the system does is more important than what it is supposed to do.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the name suggests, a characterization test aims to &lt;em&gt;characterize&lt;/em&gt; the behavior of the test object to protect it against unintended changes, regardless of its correctness. In order to do so, the results of a previous (typically stable) version—the golden master—serve as the oracle for the tests (also known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwarequalitymethods.com/Papers/OracleTax.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consistency oracle&lt;/a&gt; since it compares the consistency between two versions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further reading:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://michaelfeathers.silvrback.com/characterization-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Michael Feathers: Characterization Testing. Writing tests to describe and fix existing code.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.codeclimate.com/blog/2014/02/20/gold-master-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bryan Helmkamp: Golden Master Testing. Automatically Validating Millions of Data Points.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/testing-legacy-code-golden&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sandro Mancuso: Testing Legacy Code With Golden Master.&lt;/a&gt;*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*: Also shows &lt;a href=&quot;http://approvaltests.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ApprovalTests&lt;/a&gt;, a handy library for Characterization Testing, which is available for Java, C#, VB.NET, PHP, and Ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T08:23:24.450" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T08:23:24.450" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-18T22:41:32.243" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28651" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28653" CreationDate="2017-07-19T04:10:49.577" Score="0" ViewCount="1222" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to JMeter.I have checked few posts related to this but no luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to login to my web application using JMter. For that, I have configured two HTTP sampler under one thread group. One is to get the login page another is to put parameters. when I run the test plan it does not response homepage. But in View Result Tree &quot;sampler result&quot; tab it shows Response code:200.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works when I record using &lt;strong&gt;HTTP(S) Script Test Recorder&lt;/strong&gt;. But when I run the same script it does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: &#xA;Did not try Blazemeter chrome extension because application under test works only in Internet Explorer. And tried to play Badboy(Testing software) script, does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26977" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T05:38:41.683" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T05:38:41.683" Title="Unable to login to a test site using JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28652" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28654" CreationDate="2017-07-19T04:38:09.690" Score="0" ViewCount="9048" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I know or find the &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; for table?  Or, even better, &lt;em&gt;get&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; for all tables in a specific page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm getting &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no_such_element&lt;/a&gt; when running:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public void test() {&#xA;&#xA;        String tableID = p.getProperty(&quot;tableID&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        log.info(tableID);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement Webtable = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;TableID&quot;)); // Replace TableID with Actual Table ID or Xpath&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; TotalRowCount = Webtable.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='&quot; + tableID + &quot;']/tbody/tr&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        log.info(&quot;No. of Rows in the WebTable: &quot; + TotalRowCount.size());&#xA;        // Now we will Iterate the Table and print the Values   &#xA;        int RowIndex = 1;&#xA;        for (WebElement rowElement : TotalRowCount) {&#xA;            List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; TotalColumnCount = rowElement.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;td&quot;));&#xA;            int ColumnIndex = 1;&#xA;            for (WebElement colElement : TotalColumnCount) {&#xA;                log.info(&quot;Row &quot; + RowIndex + &quot; Column &quot; + ColumnIndex + &quot; Data &quot; + colElement.getText());&#xA;                ColumnIndex = ColumnIndex + 1;&#xA;            }&#xA;            RowIndex = RowIndex + 1;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;general context:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/6198947/262852&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/q/6198947/262852&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/32864336/262852&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/q/32864336/262852&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/10323884/262852&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/q/10323884/262852&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8900" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T05:10:22.047" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T05:46:50.463" Title="How to get the XPath for all tables in a page?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28651" CreationDate="2017-07-19T05:36:29.497" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most likely you simply don't have &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-load-testing-scenarios-jmeter-part-1-correlations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correlation&lt;/a&gt; in place, modern web applications widely use dynamic parameters for storing client state, security reasons, etc. so I believe your test should look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Get request to Login Page (mimic opening the page in browser)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract any dynamic parameters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP POST request to Login Page (mimic filling all the required fields and hitting &quot;Login&quot; button)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can just record your test one more time to see what parameters differ, once you figure it out you can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter's Post-Processors&lt;/a&gt; in order to extract them from the first response and add to the second request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T05:36:29.497" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28652" CreationDate="2017-07-19T05:46:50.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want all tables then just grab the tables like &lt;code&gt;findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//table&quot;));&lt;/code&gt; and pull all the tables back.  You can step through the list and then adjust to the table ID in question and add the tr for a new list of rows like &lt;code&gt;findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//table[@id='table_id']//tr&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general that looks like what you are trying for.  Not all tables have the tbody tag in them so it's best to just xquery search &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt; inside the table for each row/cell (tr/td) that you want and avoid using full xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T05:46:50.463" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28655" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T06:35:02.150" Score="2" ViewCount="21950" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I send https request with access token in JMeter?&#xA;I get access token from another API. I am getting 403 forbidden response.&#xA;When I run same API call using postman, it works (I need to have an active session). Is this why I am getting 403 error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a sample request screenshot:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CmKhN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/CmKhN.png&quot; alt=&quot;https request&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26978" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T09:08:21.413" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T05:37:51.670" Title="JMeter https request with access token" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28656" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T08:08:26.837" Score="2" ViewCount="741" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking for a tool to automate Oracle XStore Application,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suitable tool to automate Oracle Xstore POS system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Application: oracle Xstore OS: windows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6410" LastEditorUserId="6410" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T11:26:43.667" LastActivityDate="2019-12-29T20:01:20.440" Title="Is there any open source tool to automate oracle POS Xstore Application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28318" CreationDate="2017-07-19T09:12:12.630" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want/need to load test a webapplication on the gui-level there is no free/open source tool (that i know of) that supports that. You will need (expensive) tools like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser Driven protocol from Silk Performer (Microfocus)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Truclient protocol form Loadrunner (HPE)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T09:12:12.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28658" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T09:24:59.290" Score="1" ViewCount="15034" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run the below code but getting error. Can you please point out the issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;&#xA;public class Menu {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;acceptInsecureCerts&quot;, true);&#xA;        capabilities.setJavascriptEnabled(true);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&quot;marionette&quot;, true);&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C:/Users/ikram/Downloads/geckodriver-v0.18.0-win64/geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver =new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://awqaf.texpo.com/&quot;);&#xA;        driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;        //driver.switchTo().frame(0); // use this if it's in frame and you don't know how to locate it&#xA;        //WebElement aboutdrop = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 15)).until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(text(),'ABOUT US')]&quot;)));&#xA;        WebElement aboutdrop=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(text(),'ABOUT US')]&quot;));&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; about=aboutdrop.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        for (int i=0;i&amp;lt;=about.size();i++){&#xA;            String value = about.get(i).getText();&#xA;            System.out.println(value);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error description&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1500455460357   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.18.0&#xA;1500455460362   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:11115&#xA;1500455461028   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Starting browser C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe with args [&quot;-marionette&quot;]&#xA;1500455466131   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 53870&#xA;Jul 19, 2017 2:11:06 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Detected dialect: W3C&#xA;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: //a[contains(text(),'ABOUT US')]&#xA;For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html&#xA;Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'&#xA;System info: host: 'SAIF', ip: '10.20.1.95', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_131'&#xA;Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver&#xA;Capabilities [{moz:profile=C:\Users\ikram\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.daCtPib7HZe9, rotatable=false, timeouts={implicit=0.0, pageLoad=300000.0, script=30000.0}, pageLoadStrategy=normal, platform=ANY, specificationLevel=0.0, moz:accessibilityChecks=false, acceptInsecureCerts=false, browserVersion=54.0.1, platformVersion=6.1, moz:processID=7136.0, browserName=firefox, javascriptEnabled=true, platformName=windows_nt}]&#xA;Session ID: ef7987ee-c265-4f09-a38a-67c357c8d97e&#xA;*** Element info: {Using=xpath, value=//a[contains(text(),'ABOUT US')]}&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:150)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:115)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:45)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:164)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:637)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:410)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByXPath(RemoteWebDriver.java:509)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByXPath.findElement(By.java:361)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:402)&#xA;    at Menu.main(Menu.java:25)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26982" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T09:32:28.027" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T19:14:53.253" Title="Unable to find the element in selenium web driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28658" CreationDate="2017-07-19T09:44:45.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;linkText&lt;/code&gt; element Locator method instead of XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    driver.get(&quot;http://awqaf.texpo.com/&quot;); &#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;    WebElement element =wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.linkText(&quot;ABOUT US&quot;))); &#xA;   // WebElement aboutdrop=driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;ABOUT US&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, try with removing &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().defaultContent();&lt;/code&gt; this line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally &lt;code&gt;switchTo().defaultContent();&lt;/code&gt;  method is used to go back on previous working window. So if it requires in your case then &amp;amp; then you may use. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T09:52:12.483" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T09:52:12.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28661" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T10:36:24.960" Score="3" ViewCount="2649" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done it using Android studio &#xA;On android professional site commands are not clearly mentioned &#xA;There is lot of confusion&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;android create avd -n  -t  --skin WVGA800&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What to set as the targetID and  what should be in skin&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover how to create the  avd with specific API level ,&#xA;Suppose I want to create android 1.5 &#xA;How to do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that this is very basic questions but I didnt get any specified answers  elsewhere&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25695" LastActivityDate="2018-03-28T15:49:17.260" Title="How to create android Emulator using command line" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;calabash-android&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18341" CreationDate="2017-07-19T10:41:20.863" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Possible solution could be-&#xA;You can use dataprovider annotation of testNG for the same. in dataprovider method write logic for reading excel file and in test cases use that dataprovider method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26991" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T10:41:20.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28516" CreationDate="2017-07-19T10:56:33.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There could be a number of other ways but the best I could found is to follow these steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Launch MTM and navigate to &quot;Analyze Test Runs&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select tests based on &quot;View&quot; and &quot;Start date range&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;em&gt;Ctrl+c&lt;/em&gt; to copy the records.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Excel and use &lt;em&gt;Ctrl+v&lt;/em&gt; to paste the records.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be able to select additional columns by right clicking the header row before step 3 above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope it is helpful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26787" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T10:56:33.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18341" CreationDate="2017-07-19T12:02:20.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your question, we have 2 parts as follow: Let me use &lt;strong&gt;C# Selenium&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Organizing the Definition of test objects using &lt;strong&gt;page factory&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28482/balancing-readability-and-reliability-in-end-to-end-testing/28495#28495&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please have a look in my answer at another thread&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data Driven approach for you test functions, and to handle this part we have to handle 2 points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data management functions to handle use SQL queries to read/update Excel sheets.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Excel Connection String, to be stored in config file&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;add name=&quot;MyExcelConn&quot; connectionString=&quot;Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=[Path to Test Data Sheet];Extended Properties='Excel 12.0 Xml;HDR=YES';&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sample Reading , function to return data table.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static DataTable GetExcelDataTable(string query)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection();&#xA;            if (ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[&quot;MyExcelConn&quot;] != null)&#xA;                conn.ConnectionString =ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[&quot;MyExcelConn&quot;].ConnectionString;&#xA;            DataTable dt = new DataTable();&#xA;            OleDbCommand cmd;&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                conn.Open();&#xA;                cmd = new OleDbCommand(query, conn);&#xA;                dt.Load(cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection));&#xA;&#xA;                return dt;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception ex)&#xA;            {&#xA;&#xA;               // log error&#xA;                return null;&#xA;            }&#xA;            finally&#xA;            {&#xA;                conn.Close();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. How to Drive the Test Data for you test functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design of Excel Sheet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/99qoX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/99qoX.png&quot; alt=&quot;Excel sheet sample login test data&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Function Design, After following the previous shared answer above. your function will looks like this&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static bool Login(DataRow loginTable)&#xA;        {&#xA;            bool retRes = true;&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                Browser.pgLogin.txtUserName.SetValue(loginTable[&quot;userID&quot;].ToString().Trim());                &#xA;                Browser.pgLogin.txtPassword.SetValue(loginTable[&quot;Password&quot;].ToString().Trim());                &#xA;                Browser.pgLogin.btnSignin.Click();&#xA;&#xA;                return retRes;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception ex)&#xA;            {&#xA;               // Log error&#xA;                return false;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data Table to hold Test Data&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; DataRow loginRow = null;&#xA;loginRow = GetExcelDataTable(&quot;Select * from [Login$] where RowID = &quot; + iLoginRow).Rows[0];&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calling the Test Function with Test Data&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Login(loginRow );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I hope this helps you and answers your question. for more details we can chat.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26791" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T12:02:20.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28666" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T17:12:59.273" Score="1" ViewCount="744" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working with a project and I'm planning to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://specflow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Specflow&lt;/a&gt; and Selenium C#. I'm new with using Specflow (SpecFlow is the open source port of Cucumber for .NET) for automation and I'm going to use it for regression testing of an existing website. I'm just curious if a single feature file should cover all the regression test cases or would it be better to create a feature per tab? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm just concern with code duplication as creating a featue per tab would share the same background of &quot;Given that I'm on the web page&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our current manual test steps look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patient Info Tab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit Patient Info&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Update Contact Preferences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Physician Verification Tab&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Physician Search&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit Physician Info&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18839" LastEditorUserId="18839" LastEditDate="2017-07-19T20:00:25.170" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T17:27:36.520" Title="How can I organize my Specflow test cases?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T17:27:47.207" Score="1" ViewCount="469" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm receiving the following error in a protractor test when trying to upload a CSV file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Failed: &amp;quot;port&amp;quot; option should be &amp;gt;= 0 and &amp;lt; 65536: 100000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I inherited these tests but there is no reference of port settings in any of the tests or the config files. Below is where the code is failing. Similar code is used in other tests to upload an image and works successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    var path = require('path');&#xA;    var localPath = process.cwd();&#xA;    var csv = localPath + '/test_app/resources/new_contact.csv';&#xA;    var absolutePath = path.resolve(__dirname, csv);&#xA;&#xA;      guestList.uploadBtn.click();            &#xA;      browser.executeScript('$(\'input[type=&amp;quot;file&amp;quot;]\').attr(&amp;quot;style&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;);');&#xA;      browser.wait(EC.presenceOf($('input[type=&amp;quot;file&amp;quot;]')), 10000);&#xA;      // Send filepath to file input&#xA;      $('input[type=&amp;quot;file&amp;quot;]').sendKeys(absolutePath);      &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do I need to change and where so the CSV will upload successfully?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    describe('Upload a new contact using the &amp;quot;Bulk Upload Contacts&amp;quot; feature', function () {&#xA;        var csvContent = {&#xA;            guest1: {&#xA;                firstName: 'Derp',&#xA;                lastName: 'Derpington',&#xA;                email: 'derpderpington@google.com',&#xA;                company: 'The Derps, LLC.'&#xA;            },&#xA;        };&#xA;&#xA;        it('should open the &amp;quot;Add Contact&amp;quot; modal', function () {&#xA;            guestList.bulkContactUploadBtn.click();&#xA;            browser.wait(EC.presenceOf(guestList.modal), 10000);&#xA;            expect(guestList.modal.isPresent()).toEqual(true);&#xA;            expect(guestList.submitUpload.getAttribute('disabled')).toEqual('true');&#xA;        });&#xA;&#xA;        it('should upload a guest csv', function () {&#xA;            var path = require('path');&#xA;            var localPath = process.cwd();&#xA;            var csv = localPath + '/test_app/resources/new_contact.csv';&#xA;            var absolutePath = path.resolve(__dirname, csv);&#xA;&#xA;            guestList.uploadBtn.click();&#xA;          &#xA;          browser.executeScript('$(\'input[type=&amp;quot;file&amp;quot;]\').attr(&amp;quot;style&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;);');&#xA;            browser.wait(EC.presenceOf($('input[type=&amp;quot;file&amp;quot;]')), 10000);&#xA;          // Send filepath to file input&#xA;            $('input[type=&amp;quot;file&amp;quot;]').sendKeys(absolutePath);&#xA;            browser.pause(100000);&#xA;            browser.wait(EC.presenceOf(guestList.progressBar), 10000); &#xA;            guestList.addContactOverride.click();&#xA;            guestList.submitUpload.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T07:08:43.953" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T07:08:43.953" Title="Protractor port option error when trying to upload a CSV file" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28668" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28666" CreationDate="2017-07-19T18:48:16.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would consider breaking it up into Patient Info and Physician Verification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You mention tabs - can these windows be accessed separately?  I would try and treat them separately in separate specs if at all possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T18:48:16.723" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28658" CreationDate="2017-07-19T19:14:53.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are getting &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; which generally happens in 2 cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Case 1:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; The WebElement that you are trying to find is not present (or incorrect) on the page. So check if this is correct &lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(text(),'ABOUT US')]&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Case 2:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; You are trying to find the WebElement even before the page has completed loaded. Which I think is your case. In this scenario you should wait for the WebElement to get completely loaded then find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the sample code to wait for the WebElement to load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//This will initialize a object of WebDriverWait Class with the wait time &#xA;//of 30 seconds before throwing the NoSuchElementException.&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait( driver , 30);&#xA;&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(text(),'ABOUT US')]&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if this works for you or not. Cheers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T19:14:53.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28670" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T19:44:37.797" Score="3" ViewCount="998" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working with a project and I'm planning to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://specflow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Specflow&lt;/a&gt; and Selenium C#. I'm new with using Specflow (SpecFlow is the open source port of Cucumber for .NET) for automation and I'm going to use it for regression testing of an existing website. My previous project was using .csv files to make the test data-driven. I'm just curious if SpecFlow's Scenario Outline/Data Table Approach is enough to make my test case data-driven?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18839" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T15:46:48.803" Title="Which is the better way for data-driven testing for Specflow automated tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28671" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T20:29:04.170" Score="2" ViewCount="127" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characterization_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Characterization/Golden Master Testing&lt;/a&gt;, but I'm only aware of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://approvaltests.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ApprovalTests&lt;/a&gt; library. I wonder if there're more libraries and tools that embrace the paradigm. I'm looking for facilities to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;store and compare the golden master.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use generators similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickCheck&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;QuickCheck&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create characterization tests on system level.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Language/platform doesn't matter—any suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T07:47:53.020" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T07:47:53.020" Title="Libraries and tools for Characterization/Golden Master Testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;characterization-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28672" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-19T20:37:01.080" Score="2" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test case where I need to check if &lt;code&gt;follow feature&lt;/code&gt; works correctly. It is quite tricky because in app there is three different types of accounts based on user's activity and it is reflected in site structure as you can see below.&#xA;There are three different types of elements:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(...)/div[2]/a/span&lt;/code&gt;,&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(...)div[2]/a&lt;/code&gt; and&#xA;&lt;code&gt;(...)div/a&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The perfect situation would be if all elements could be tested in one scenario without stopping testcase. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I go through &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;div[2]&lt;/code&gt; elements and finally find &lt;code&gt;/a&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;/a/span&lt;/code&gt; elements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bigger example of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[8]/div/div/div[2]/a/span&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[9]/div/div/div[2]/a/span&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[10]/div/div/div[2]/a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[11]/div/div/div/a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[12]/div/div/div[2]/a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[13]/div/div/div[2]/a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[14]/div/div/div[2]/a/span&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[15]/div/div/div/a&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;//div[@id='main']/div[2]/ol/li[16]/div/div/div[2]/a/span&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26999" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T20:37:01.080" Title="Selenium IDE Firefox: how to find different divs with specific content?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28673" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20001" CreationDate="2017-07-19T21:05:12.530" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I really like this question, it's something I've thought about a lot. Validation response codes and a JSON body is a good start, but like you said, there's a lot more that can be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I built an API testing tool Assertible (&lt;a href=&quot;https://assertible.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://assertible.com&lt;/a&gt;), and have written a few blogs on approaching different ways to test/validate a REST API, these are some of the higher-value ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contract testing / schema validation&lt;/strong&gt; - you briefly mentioned this one, but JSON Schema validation is a big one as it gives you way to test the entire nested response body to ensure every field is correct.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Response time and performance testing&lt;/strong&gt; - testing response times ensures that the API replies to the request in a decent time-frame. We use this at Assertible to ensure our Dashboard and website pages load quickly. This is more important on GET requests that it is on POST/PUT/DELETE.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing malformed requests&lt;/strong&gt; - this is an important one, actually. How does your API response when you send a malformed request? Try a method that shouldn't be allowed on a certain endpoint. Omit keys from POST bodies and see what happens. You'd be surprised how many APIs doesn't validate requst bodies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;API security monitoring&lt;/strong&gt; - Similar to the above point, try testing an HTTPS API over HTTP. Is any sensitive data exposed?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Health checks and performance testing&lt;/strong&gt; - This is more basic status code validation, but run very frequently (like 1 or 5 minute intervals). You can pick up brief outages that give you information on stuff you never even know happened!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resources&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those approaches are all taken from various blogs I've written on Assertible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://assertible.com/blog/4-techniques-to-reduce-api-testing-errors-and-improve-your-qa-automation&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;4 techniques to reduce API testing errors and improve your QA automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://assertible.com/blog/3-simple-strategies-to-test-a-json-api&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;3 simple strategies to test a JSON API&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://assertible.com/blog/new-to-api-monitoring-here-are-5-tips-to-detect-downtime-before-your-users&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;New to API monitoring? Here are 5 tips to detect downtime before your users&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://assertible.com/blog/4-common-api-errors-how-to-test-them&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;4 common API errors and how to test them&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this is helpful!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25159" LastActivityDate="2017-07-19T21:05:12.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28655" CreationDate="2017-07-20T07:48:08.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to pass the authorization token as a header you just need to add a HTTP Header Manager config element in the HTTP Request Sampler. You can then pass the Authorization token value in the same manner as you do when you hit the api via a rest client like POSTMAN!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In-case you get the token as a response from another api and you want to simulate that as well. Then the api that gives the token in response need to precede and you need to extract the token received in the response into a variable that you'll pass in the subsequent requests. You can extract the token using a Regular Expression Extractor post processor, Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T07:48:08.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28677" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-20T08:22:48.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characterization_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Characterization Testing&lt;/a&gt; (aka Golden Master Testing) is a means to &lt;em&gt;characterize&lt;/em&gt; the behavior of the test object to protect it against unintended changes, regardless of its correctness. In order to do so, the results of a previous (typically stable) version—the golden master—serve as the oracle for the tests (also known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwarequalitymethods.com/Papers/OracleTax.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consistency oracle&lt;/a&gt; since it compares the consistency between two versions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The term was coined by &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Michael Feathers&lt;/a&gt;. He suggests to use the paradigm for changing legacy code, which is, according to Feathers, simply code without tests. Moreover, he points out that in &quot;[…] nearly every legacy system, what the system does is more important than what it is supposed to do.&quot; Characterization Testing helps to preserve this behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T12:38:31.990" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T12:38:31.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28678" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-20T08:22:48.253" Score="0" Body="Questions involving Characterization Testing/Golden Master Testing." OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T20:57:45.293" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T20:57:45.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-20T08:48:44.680" Score="0" ViewCount="4554" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Project which I am working now require a performance test. So, I preferred JMeter for a load test and started learning one by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, When I recorded a test and included a CSV file for the dynamic parameter. I see the recorded pages has client id in many HTTP POST data pages. This application passes a JSON data for sending a request so in Body Parameter tab I see JSON type data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So,  added JSON Post Extractor for one HTTP request site passes alphanumeric value &lt;code&gt;(5963948e2f123bd00a27d5cd)&lt;/code&gt;. However, after I executing the test the page returns an error page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;POST http://192.168.1.10/api/editClient/getClientInfo/&#xA;&#xA;POST data: {&quot;clientId&quot;:&quot;5963948e2f123bd00a27d5cd&quot;} &#xA;&#xA;Response code: 400&#xA;Response message: Bad Request &#xA;Response data: Failed to authenticate Token&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;can anyone help me on this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27011" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T09:12:14.253" LastActivityDate="2019-09-19T17:48:06.903" Title="JMeter - Post Data passes JSON data" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;json&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28135" CreationDate="2017-07-20T10:31:57.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I had to face the same issue in past project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;We have use of the snapshot or if more difficult then capture the video then the developer can easily check to steps for reproducing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If it issues for particular OS  related then we have check into that os system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For video capture have used below plugin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/screencastify-screen-vide/mmeijimgabbpbgpdklnllpncmdofkcpn?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Screencastify - Screen Video Recorder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/loom-video-recorder-scree/liecbddmkiiihnedobmlmillhodjkdmb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Loom for Chrome&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-28T11:21:44.023" LastActivityDate="2021-01-28T11:21:44.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25082" CreationDate="2017-07-20T10:49:04.960" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you mention, the asynchronous chaining API seen in &quot;selenium-webdriver&quot; NPM package and also in nightwatch, protractor, testcafe, cypress, intern and wd.js etc can be quite hard to understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Luckily there is a way to write E2E tests in Node and still get an API that feels intuitive and synchronous, namely &lt;code&gt;http://webdriver.io&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Webdriver.io&lt;/code&gt; is able to do this because it uses coroutines from the node-fiber package to suspend execution until the async webdriver operation has completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also wrote an in-depth comparison of Javascript E2E frameworks that covers exactly this aspect of E2E testing is JS. It also has a section that discusses &lt;a href=&quot;https://mo.github.io/2017/07/20/javascript-e2e-integration-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;why JavaScript E2E is a good idea vs writing testcases in Java.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27020" LastEditorUserId="27020" LastEditDate="2018-04-09T19:30:41.090" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T19:30:41.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28682" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28684" CreationDate="2017-07-20T10:51:04.593" Score="0" ViewCount="1433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to call a method in the main function using selenium. However, I am not able to do so. Getting null pointer error. The subclass &lt;code&gt;drinks&lt;/code&gt; should be called in the main class &lt;code&gt;coop_main&lt;/code&gt;. Could someone please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Superclass:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.HashMap;&#xA;import java.util.Map;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class Coop_main {&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Chrome\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;&#xA;        Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; prefs = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;();&#xA;        prefs.put(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;        prefs.put(&quot;password_manager_enabled&quot;, false); &#xA;        options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;prefs&quot;, prefs);&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;start-maximized&quot;);&#xA;        options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://www.coopathome.ch/de/&quot;);&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='nav']/ul/li[1]/a/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='subnav--item-m_0001']/li[1]/ul[1]/li[1]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        JavascriptExecutor jse8= (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;        jse8.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,400)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[2]/div/div/div[3]/button&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;j_username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;myaddress@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;j_password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;mypassword&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginOverlaySubmitLoginFormButton&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[3]/div/div/button[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;        Drinks obj=new Drinks();&#xA;        obj.drinks();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subcalss:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class Drinks {&#xA;    static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public static void drinks() throws InterruptedException&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='nav']/ul/li[7]/a/span&quot;)).click();&#xA;           Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;           driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='subnav--item-m_0222']/li[1]/ul[1]/li[1]/a&quot;)).click();&#xA;           Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;           driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='sortOptions']&quot;)).click();&#xA;           Select dropdown1=new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;sort&quot;)));&#xA;           dropdown1.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Preis (absteigend)&quot;);&#xA;//       JavascriptExecutor jse6= (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;//       jse6.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,5000)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;           JavascriptExecutor jse7= (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;           jse7.executeScript(&quot;window.scrollBy(0,400)&quot;, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;           driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[4]/button&quot;)).click();&#xA;           Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;           driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[4]/div/div/button[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;    at Test_package.Drinks.drinks(Drinks.java:13)&#xA;    at Test_package.Coop_main.main(Coop_main.java:42)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26876" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T11:25:28.283" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T11:29:49.797" Title="Unable to call method in main class" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28682" CreationDate="2017-07-20T11:11:12.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like the 'driver'-field in the 'Drinks'-class is never initialized. Hence the null pointer when you try to use that object on line 13.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One way to fix that is to pass the driver object from Coop_main to the Drinks class as a constructor argument.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a constructor in Drinks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public Drinks(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;      this.driver=driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Adjust Coop_main&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Drinks obj=new Drinks(driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not sure if you intended to include credentials in your code sample. You might want to remove those&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I think you should look into the Page Object Model, which would result in much more readable and maintainable tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T11:29:49.797" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T11:29:49.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28686" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29539" CreationDate="2017-07-20T13:46:11.543" Score="2" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created an HTTP request to the URL below in SoapUI (v5) and SoapUI Pro NG (ReadyAPI v2.0):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:8888/content-service/content/book?query=(collection=%22book%20Ptitle%22)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:8888/content-service/content/book?query=(collection=&quot;book title&quot;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the encoding of the URL sent appears to differ between the two.  It looks like SoapUI is encoding the quotes to &lt;code&gt;%20&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;%22&lt;/code&gt; respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In SoapUI Pro NG it seems to be encoding the URL twice, converting the &lt;code&gt;%&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;%25&lt;/code&gt; followed by the &lt;code&gt;22&lt;/code&gt;, resulting in &lt;code&gt;%2522&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do the free edition and the paid edition have different encoding behaviours?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sent using SoapUI Pro NG:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;GET http://localhost:8888/content-service/content/book?query=(collection=%2522book%title%2522) HTTP/1.1&#xA;Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate&#xA;Host: localhost:8888&#xA;Connection: Keep-Alive&#xA;User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_112)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sent using SoapUI:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;GET http://localhost:8888/content-service/content/book?query=(collection=%22book%20title%22) HTTP/1.1&#xA;Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate&#xA;Host: localhost:8888&#xA;Connection: Keep-Alive&#xA;User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.1.1 (java 1.5)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried disabling URL encoding and putting in &lt;code&gt;%20&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;%22&lt;/code&gt; but this results in the reverse behaviour occurring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T10:14:51.150" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T10:16:28.857" Title="SoapUI CE and ReadyAPI (SoapUI NG) encode URLs differently" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;readyapi&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28687" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-20T14:22:48.117" Score="2" ViewCount="467" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per my understanding, a single step definition file methods can be reused by steps with the same name in other feature files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then, what is the purpose of splitting a single cucumber Step Definition file into multiple step files?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27023" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T04:40:36.793" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T01:24:03.240" Title="What is the purpose of splitting a cucumber Step Definition file" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;step-definitions&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28687" CreationDate="2017-07-20T14:36:38.063" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Same reason why you would split large modules in your regular code base: maintainability &amp;amp; navigability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Over time as your step definitions grow you will have steps that are closely related to certain parts or functionalities of your system, but not related to other steps in the step definitions. Once the file becomes large enough it will become harder to maintain and find the steps you are looking for. That's a great indicator that you should starting splitting up in multiple step definition files. For small projects, you may never reach this size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19493" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T14:36:38.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28689" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-20T16:02:09.293" Score="3" ViewCount="3830" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have tried over and over again to get the Internet Explorer Driver to bypass bad cert errors in WebDriver.  Currently I do this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().to(&quot;javascript:document.getElementById(‘overridelink’).click()&quot;);  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And it works just fine.  But it's slow.  I read everywhere that I could add in my &lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities&lt;/code&gt; this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;caps.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it doesn't work.  I've tried several other solutions too.  Is this just outdated, and no longer works in IE11?  Had anybody found a current solution to this?  Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23831" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-20T20:58:17.647" LastActivityDate="2020-04-25T07:01:45.150" Title="Bypass certificate error in IE" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28690" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16995" CreationDate="2017-07-20T20:55:59.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer all your 3 questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you use xpath, I found the functions from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/xml/xsl_functions.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; are very helpful.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From my experience so far, automatically generated expressions from any tools are not as good as what we manually come up with. You may refer to my another answer from &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/10342/how-to-find-element-using-contains-in-xpath/10416#10416&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When expressions fail to locate the elements, I write a bunch of similar expressions in debug mode with the consideration of the following:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make the expression a collection instead of a single element (make it a collection type or an array accordingly), then traverse through the elements;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes, the element is just located in another layer as many as 5-6 levels down or up. I write up a bunch of expressions for all possible layers by looking close into DOM structure. I know it's clumsy, but hey it works for me.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope these helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9388" LastActivityDate="2017-07-20T20:55:59.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28679" CreationDate="2017-07-21T04:35:04.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most probably you need to add &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeters-http-header-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt; and configure it to to send &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Type&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Content-Type&lt;/a&gt; header with the value of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON#MIME_type&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;application/json&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another reason could be improper work of the JSON Extractor, double check the &quot;token&quot; variable value using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Debug_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debug Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener combination. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T04:35:04.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28695" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-21T10:41:53.603" Score="3" ViewCount="1052" Body="&lt;p&gt;Getting below error while accessing &lt;code&gt;drop-down&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;Using &lt;code&gt;Safari 10 mac sierra&lt;/code&gt; with apple&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;`safariDriver`&#xA;&#xA; Selenium Version 3.0.1&#xA;&#xA;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) Command duration or timeout: &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to handle it. Is there any compatibility issue with these versions or what?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;// Initialization of safari driver &amp;amp; All Capabilities which I used-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities safaricapabiCapabilities=new DesiredCapabilities().safari();&#xA; &#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;driver=new SafariDriver(safaricapabiCapabilities);&#xA;}catch(Exception e1)&#xA;{&#xA;testStepContinue(false,&amp;quot;createInstance() = &amp;quot;+&amp;quot;Unable to Start on Local&amp;quot;);&#xA;System.out.println(e1);&#xA;}&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(40, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(40, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();  &#xA;localThread.set(driver); &#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;// accessing drop down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement dropdown =  getDriver().findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;//select[@id='programIdSelect']&amp;quot;));&#xA;Select sel = new Select(dropdown);&#xA;sel.selectByVisibleText(&amp;quot;All&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;//DOM Window&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;display: none; visibility: visible; padding;&amp;quot; id='programDiv'&amp;gt;&#xA;   &#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;fieldLabel&amp;quot; id='programLabelDiv' style=&amp;quot;padding-bottom: 5px&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;label for=&amp;quot;programIdSelect&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Select Your Program&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select id=&amp;quot;programIdSelect&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;programId&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;margin-bottom: 13px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt; &#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;​&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19383" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:24:30.123" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:24:30.123" Title="Drop-down not working with safariDriver on Safari 10" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28696" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-21T10:48:23.993" Score="3" ViewCount="6105" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to do functional testing using Selenium Webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using ruby code to test on multiple windows at the same time using multi-threading&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is when the thread creates the new window, the other window will lose focus and the send keys process from that window fill stop and the test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I handle this window focus issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: every browser window has its own driver instance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here How I create the thread&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;begin&#xA;    while testIndex &amp;lt; testCases.length #  End when every testcase has been tested&#xA;        if(Thread.list.count&amp;lt;threadLimit+1) # if thread slot available &#xA;            th[testIndex] = Thread.new(testIndex){ |i| # Create Thread&#xA;                # get testCase input&#xA;                # initiate driver and run test&#xA;                # I have wraper for this, and there is no thread inside it, just single thread code&#xA;            }&#xA;        end&#xA;    end&#xA;&#xA;    th.each{|t| &#xA;        if(!t.nil?)&#xA;            t.join # Wait unfinished thread&#xA;        end&#xA;    }&#xA;rescue Exception =&amp;gt; e&#xA;    puts &amp;quot;MESSAGE: #{e}&amp;quot;&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update II&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to investigate the issue again based on @Leon comment.&#xA;and it's work, but just in Chrome&#xA;it's failing in IE, FF, dan Phantom&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The errors such as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSRF token error (IE) - already using cleanSession and private, work on single thread test so it's not the web code error, this make selenium fail to find element which caused the script stoped,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unable to bind to locking port 7054 (Firefox),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unable to bind to locking port 8909 (Phantom)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update III&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Updated my selenium to 3.4 , the errors is gone. But the weird things is only phantomjs don't execute it concurrently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14313" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:24:14.397" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:24:14.397" Title="How to do Selenium Testing with multiple threads?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;threading&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27744" CreationDate="2017-07-21T11:19:55.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exploratory Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Exploratory testing is a advanced form of ad-hoc testing. Today  most of the QA testing companies performs exploratory testing to explore and learn the new feature of the product of which no specification of the functionality and documentation is available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rapid testing&lt;/strong&gt; perform by QA in Software testing company in a situation where there is requirement of validation of application in short time and we need to deliver the results accurately within that short period of time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T11:19:55.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28699" CreationDate="2017-07-21T11:24:02.117" Score="2" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am so confused about drop down sorting that either it should be alphabetically or logically. Like I want to test for billing frequency drop down in which values are monthly, yearly, quarterly and half yearly according to me it should be logical so monthly should be first value in the drop down and then quarterly then half yearly and finally yearly but my senior said that it should be alphabetically sorted. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Kindly help me that which is the best way either logically or alphabetically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27038" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T13:06:02.973" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T17:29:20.660" Title="How to determine quality measures for correctness of dropdown sorting?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28698" CreationDate="2017-07-21T12:44:17.293" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;You should use the order that the company expects in the dropdown&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;That should be the order that makes most sense to your users based on their context&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no 'best' way or simple standard other than what is most suitable for your situation based on the business requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most suitable approach will depend on many factors.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Context will also determine sort direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several general approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alphabetic&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Most familiar in many cases.  Can present issues for multiple languages&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Numeric&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Simplest to implement if data is displayed using a numeric index&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Temporal&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example show today, tomorrow, next day-1, next day-2&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Context&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Uses data based on other characteristics that lend themselves to grouping items based on their characteristics, e.g. all 'saws' are listed under a 'saws' group even though their name may start with 'ragged saw', 'large saw', 'ban-saw', etc.  This is often combined with Subgroups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Subgroups&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sometimes there are major categories, e.g. country and then subcategories, e.g. state and to capture state it is helpful for users when the state dropdown has this tree structure.  This method can include various of the other approaches for then sorting the data within both the main and children lists.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mixed&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can be many different forms.  One is that the top 'few' common options (1 to about 30 or so) are listed at the top and then a large number of less frequently used 'other' options are listed below them.  You see this frequently used to for 'United States' as the top of a country list instead of at the bottom where alphabetic sorting would place it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you or your senior knowledgeable about how users use the product for their context ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-21T17:29:20.660" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T17:29:20.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28700" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18459" CreationDate="2017-07-21T13:56:13.777" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you use a very general and generic word like testing and try to tightly define it you'll have those sort of &quot;discussions&quot; ;)  Everyones opinions are worthy of respect and consideration and usually have a basis from experience.  So move 'down' to find out whether you are talking about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing bits of code you are writing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing as you develop&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing unit tests as you develop&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Writing Integration tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Automated User Acceptance tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual User Acceptance tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of these &lt;em&gt;may&lt;/em&gt; be part of your 'testing' but it will depend on the details of your situation as to which is important, of value to your company and included in your current process of 'testing'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would consider going over these categories with dev, QE and business to get everyone on the same page and avoid assumptions and needless arguments about the definition of [whatever].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T13:56:13.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27904" CreationDate="2017-07-21T21:00:51.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you familiar with css you can use css selector format&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element(:css,&quot;[name='radioBtn'][value='1']&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-21T21:00:51.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28705" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30260" CreationDate="2017-07-22T13:15:25.827" Score="5" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;Javascript has changed hugely in the last five years with es6&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we have choices about whether to use &lt;code&gt;let&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;const&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;var&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;We can choose whether to use arrow functions to reduce code verbiage &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a concise summary of quality guidelines to use for code review?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I know there are linters but I was wondering if there are some compact guidelines to help during coding and code review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might start with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;review all &lt;code&gt;var&lt;/code&gt; declaration to ensure that global scope is intended&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a more comprehensive list ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-07-22T23:44:40.257" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T23:44:40.257" Title="What is quality javascript in the new world of es6+" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;standards&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28707" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28712" CreationDate="2017-07-22T20:00:01.220" Score="0" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;For example, how would you test the login functionality of a system and what would be your approach (during the interview) to show a true understanding of the QA role ?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I am not looking for test cases, more so the overall approach to tackling the question and how to demonstrate proper flow/process when doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an interview upcoming and I know there will be a technical competency question or whiteboard exercise around &quot;How would you test &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;. n is likely part of a web application, coming up with test cases is not a problem whatsoever, I could talk forever about that, I need to refine my thought process so to speak to answer this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I address requirements, scope assumptions, strategy, test cases, environment and automation ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-23T11:23:27.923" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T18:08:33.590" Title="Interview Question: How to plan and design testing for a web application?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28708" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26362" CreationDate="2017-07-22T21:28:31.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per your example URL, please try the following code in order to switch to the iframe for the jHTMLArea and manipulate the body text.  The code is relatively straight forward, prepping the driver, navigate to the page, switching to the iframe and then manipulating the body, asserting the change and quitting the driver instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void jarea() {&#xA;    String test = &quot;Hello&quot;;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:/Automation/Chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver d = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    d.navigate().to(&quot;http://pietschsoft.com/demo/jhtmlarea/&quot;);  &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement iframe = d.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//iframe&quot;)); &#xA;    d.switchTo().frame(iframe);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement jAreaBody = d.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;/html/body&quot;));&#xA;    jAreaBody.clear();&#xA;    jAreaBody.sendKeys(test);&#xA;    assertEquals(jAreaBody.getText(), test);&#xA;    d.quit();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="18814" LastEditDate="2017-07-22T21:44:09.793" LastActivityDate="2017-07-22T21:44:09.793" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28709" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28304" CreationDate="2017-07-23T03:28:59.767" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: in this answer, &lt;code&gt;DivElement&lt;/code&gt; represents &lt;code&gt;Driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;dropdownID&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can locate the first unordered list item by XPath with the following:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;a. &lt;code&gt;DivElement.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;.//li&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;b. &lt;code&gt;DivElement.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;.//li&quot;)).ElementAt(0)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, you can find this item by:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;1. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Class Name&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;a. &lt;code&gt;DivElement.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;liItem&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;b. &lt;code&gt;DivElement.FindElements(By.ClassName(&quot;liItem&quot;)).ElementAt(0)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;2. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Tag Name&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;a. &lt;code&gt;DivElement.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;li&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;b. &lt;code&gt;DivElement.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;li&quot;)).ElementAt(0)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;3. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;CSS Selector&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;a. &lt;code&gt;DivElement.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;.liItem&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;b. &lt;code&gt;DivElement.FindElements(By.CssSelector(&quot;.liItem&quot;)).ElementAt(0)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24797" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T03:28:59.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28710" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-23T05:53:29.423" Score="-1" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project to automate legacy code, and I'm looking for a good metric to track my team's progress and estimate how long it will take to complete the project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thought was to take all the automatable test cases we have identified, and use the percentage of these that have been automated as the main way to report progress. I also thought that since many of our automatable test cases are about the same size, we could use an average time to automate each test case to give us some idea how big the project is and how much time we will need to complete it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with this idea is that many of the test cases have multiple parameters. I don't want the metrics I use to measure progress and estimate time to give the wrong idea of how many legacy features are left to be automated or how much time we will need to finish the project.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, assuming my project is a custom browser that supports multiple search engines. Should the search feature using each of these engines be considered a separate 'automatable' test case as from automation perspective each of these is just a parameter of may be a single test method? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So if in the test automation code I have a parameterized test, for tracking purposes of an Agile project, should I consider it to be many test cases as there are search engines?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What if I am just counting test cases and not automatable cases, then should I treat separately? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, should my test cases account for implementation differences? Let's say my app supports my browser and Chrome, should I account for Chrome test cases separately? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is an industry standard practice here, I would like to follow it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My main concern is that I choose metrics that will give me results that are not distorted by being too large or too small.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22828" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-24T11:49:32.833" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T12:18:43.643" Title="How to track progress of automating multi-parameter tests for legacy product" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28711" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28710" CreationDate="2017-07-23T06:01:29.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you say you are doing an Agile project, take this value of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manifesto&lt;/a&gt; into account:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Working software &lt;strong&gt;over&lt;/strong&gt; comprehensive documentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds to me you are making comprehensive documentation and are searching for confirmation that you are on the right track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question yourself, do I really need to know the number of test-cases? I like to see the number of tests grow as features are added, but I couldn't care less for an exact number. But if you have a case where you need the numbers by all means record them. Just be sure you are recording them for a clear reason and that afterwards you are using them. Don't create numbers and metric, statistics just for reporting sake. It is just a waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The industry standard in Agile is that you record what you need for your project. With a preference for recording the least as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T06:01:29.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28707" CreationDate="2017-07-23T07:59:07.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;After some more research I think I can comfortably answer this myself, I think a good approach is to target the STLC and talk about each step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Requirement Analysis: Look at the requirements, work out if there is any test automation feasibility here, which types of testing are also feasible.  Deliverables: A Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM).  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Planning: Consider various factors of the greater project, like risks, scope, entry/exit criteria etc and contribute to estimations. Deliverables: An estimation document, A test plan or test strategy document.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Creation: Creating the test cases, mapping them effectively in the RTM.  Reviewing and tweaking the test cases with peers.  Creating test data and automation scripts where applicable.  Deliverables: Updated RTM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Environment Setup: Preparing the test environment in anticipation for the first build, tweaking any configurations such as xml configs, IIS configurations etc.  Creating a database instance and having it ready for the build, its likely we have an existing version already, maybe we added a new database and need a connection string etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Execution: Executing the test cases, logging any defects and following them through to closure, re-testing any fix implementations.  RTM is updated and completed during this phase, test case status is updated with progress.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Cycle Closure:  The testing team will meet and create a retrospective to help them improve in future, thinking of new processes that can or should be implemented and refining the existing ones.  Here a test cycle report is generated, containing information about the number of defects discovered and their priority/severity, cost and test time etc, aswell as some other test metrics documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Providing understanding of the above, coupled with thorough test cases for the scenario at hand, would in my opinion be a very solid answer to the question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T07:59:07.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22280" CreationDate="2017-07-23T08:33:00.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your test class, declare the variable &lt;code&gt;public&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your listener, the &lt;code&gt;onTestFailure&lt;/code&gt; method receives a &lt;code&gt;result&lt;/code&gt; parameter. That &lt;code&gt;result&lt;/code&gt; parameter knows the instance of the test class that threw the failure. Call the &lt;code&gt;result&lt;/code&gt;'s &lt;code&gt;getInstance&lt;/code&gt; method to get the instance of the test class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get access to the variable, first cast the instance to the right type (the type that declares the variable or method you want to access). Then fetch the variable from the instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public MyTestListener implements ITestListener {&#xA;    ...&#xA;    public void onTestFailure(ITestResult result) {&#xA;        Object instance = result.getInstance();&#xA;&#xA;        MyXYZVariableType xyz = MyTestClass.class.cast(instance).xyz;&#xA;&#xA;        ...&#xA;    }&#xA;    ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T08:33:00.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28707" CreationDate="2017-07-23T10:36:28.343" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile environments (the majority) I would use the following to help guide me.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In non-agile environments I would still try and use some form of them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Agile Testing Quadrants&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Determine where to do unit, integrated, user acceptance, performance, load and security testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Testing Pyramid&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Determine how to have a large number of unit and small number of integrated tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;HappySad Workflows&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use happy, sad and optional workflow paths&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Continuous Integration&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would plan for a CI environment to run tests for both branches and master&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Issue Tracking System&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would make sure to to use software like Jira, Pivotal Tracker, Trello, etc. to track issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Improve through Continual Change&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would make sure to have some sort of retrospective system to constantly improve testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test cases are very important, but higher level practices should also be considered.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-23T10:52:53.350" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T10:52:53.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28715" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28666" CreationDate="2017-07-23T14:47:50.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its not actually duplication that's happening , its more of Code Reuse.&#xA;You state the scenarios in your .feature file and define the test cases using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given .... &#xA;When .... &#xA;Then ....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;constructs. Specflow generator binds each step with a function(in C#)  which is implemented in a .cs file. No matter how many times a step is being repeated , its referring the same function to which it is binded. Moreover while testing a UI you cannot possibly eliminate repetition of certain steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27054" LastActivityDate="2017-07-23T14:47:50.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28716" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-24T04:30:46.037" Score="1" ViewCount="1686" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking for an XPath for a webpage where after every booking a &lt;code&gt;Rel#&lt;/code&gt; generate. Need to validate the &lt;code&gt;Rel#&lt;/code&gt; is saved in a different tab or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the HTML page says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9VoI6.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9VoI6.png&quot; alt=&quot;Rel#:&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with the given xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;//*[@id=&quot;summaryDiv&quot;]/table[4]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/b[2]&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also with &lt;code&gt;&quot;//b[contains(.,'Rel#:')]/parent::td&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But every time it returns the value &lt;code&gt;&quot;b&quot;&lt;/code&gt; but not any relation numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I use identifying the correct XPath for &lt;code&gt;Rel#&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27056" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-24T05:44:31.863" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T16:21:25.507" Title="Find XPath for dynamic numeric value in a web page" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28717" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-24T10:22:01.350" Score="1" ViewCount="1821" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to figure a way to find the number of requests in a queue using selenium grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, If I have a grid with 8 chrome browser instances and I am trying to run 20 test cases in parallel in chrome, 12 requests go in selenium grid queue. This I can view on the grid &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:4444/grid/console&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;console&lt;/a&gt;, however, I was wondering if there is any API/method that I can call to check a number of pending request in a queue on the grid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-24T10:50:56.563" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T13:04:13.903" Title="How to get number of request in queue for selenium grid" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-grid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28710" CreationDate="2017-07-24T11:42:44.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like data driven testing to me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To count the cases you need to calculate the total workflow routes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, if you have three test cases: A, B C and, based on varying data, you have 5 sets of possible workflows for test A, 4 workflows for test B and 12 workflows for test C then you have &lt;code&gt;5 + 4 + 12 = 21&lt;/code&gt; tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of progress, when tests A and B are done you are 9/21 or 42% (as opposed to 67%) done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-24T12:18:43.643" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T12:18:43.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28710" CreationDate="2017-07-24T12:11:44.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;There is no one correct answer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I would look at it this way: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that your test code is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID_(object-oriented_design)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOLID&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DRY&lt;/a&gt;, any parameters that have no impact on the flow through your test code don't count as &quot;new&quot; test cases. Parameters that change the flow through your test code &lt;em&gt;do&lt;/em&gt; count as &quot;new&quot; test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in the example of multiple search engine support, if your test case code looks something like the pseudocode/structured English below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestCase]&#xA;[TestParameters=[(engine = &quot;Bing&quot;, search = &quot;Object oriented code&quot;)(engine = &quot;Google&quot;, search = &quot;Object oriented code&quot;)]&#xA;public void FindFirstObjectOrientedCodeHit()&#xA;{&#xA;  ExpectedResult = &quot;&quot; //URL of expected first hit&#xA;  browser = LaunchBrowser(); //defined elsewhere to launch your custom browser&#xA;  result = SearchWithEngine(browser, TestParameters(engine), TestParameters(search)); // defined elsewhere&#xA;  Assert.That(result == ExpectedResult);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;that would be one test case. You could also include expected first hit as part of the parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If on the other hand you have to do extra processing or have a different flow through the system, I would define that as a separate test case for each flow, so if search engine X requires a login, there would be a test case &lt;code&gt;FindFirstObjectOrientedCodeHitAfterLogin()&lt;/code&gt; which would be separate from the normal search test case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T12:11:44.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28720" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28722" CreationDate="2017-07-24T12:27:07.613" Score="1" ViewCount="189" Body="&lt;p&gt;An organization is undergoing an Agile transformation (from not being Agile)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A sub group of the organization is spearheading the effort by learning and adopting the various agile practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The lead QE role for this transformation is the Quality Architect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What areas should he/she focus on and within those areas what are the topics to cover ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T12:44:35.690" Title="What are the key areas of focus for a Quality Architect within Agile Transformation?" Tags="&lt;qa-architect&gt;&lt;test-architecture&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28720" CreationDate="2017-07-24T12:32:14.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider the following areas and topics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7dwhh.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7dwhh.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T12:44:35.690" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T12:44:35.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28720" CreationDate="2017-07-24T14:07:23.200" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A key area you are missing is &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Technical Excellence&lt;/a&gt; as described by the LeSS framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specification by Example&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Thinking about testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous integration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous delivery&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Architecture &amp;amp; design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clean Code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test-Driven development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit-testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These might sound like development practises and some are, still I think the lead quality person in an Agile organisation should closely relate to them, as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Organizational Agility is constrained by Technical Agility&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Read more: &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is important because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;UncleBob first presents, the secondary value (which most people believe is&#xA;  the most important and valuable) as: ‘The secondary value of the&#xA;  software is its behavior”. He explains that the primary value is more&#xA;  subtle, and really it is more important than the behavior. And&#xA;  presents the primary value as The software’s ability to tolerate and&#xA;  facilitate such ongoing change to accommodate for the evolving&#xA;  customer requirements. This means that, the main value of the software&#xA;  is that it is &lt;strong&gt;soft&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Read more: &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@mvidaurre/what-is-the-value-of-software-development-c90ac18b786d&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://medium.com/@mvidaurre/what-is-the-value-of-software-development-c90ac18b786d&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this also related to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.davidchappell.com/writing/white_papers/The_Three_Aspects_of_Software_Quality_v1.0-Chappell.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;the three aspects of software quality&lt;/a&gt;, namely: Functional, Structural and Process. The Quality Architect (A title I don't like) should focus on the quality of these three areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Agile you want your organisation to not resists change, nor should your product. If it does you bring down process and functional quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T14:07:23.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28724" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-24T15:32:12.653" Score="3" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for a software consultancy as a test analyst and was looking for some advice on testing in agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since my company moved agile, I think that testing has turned into mini iterations of waterfall, rather than true agile. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;2 week sprint starts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;all backlog tickets are scripted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;wait for requirements/functionality to be developed &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;functionality is released to test environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test scripts executed against SUT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rework/test reporting until sprint is complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue I have with this approach is that we are never given the time to fully test everything. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to move to a more agile way of testing (e.g. light weight scripts, exploratory testing, mind map test planning for mapping out requirements), but I feel that I would struggle to extract any metrics from this approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testers working in an agile environment, how to you provide metrics to customers? I usually give a breakdown of requirement coverage via test suites then give metrics from test case results to show a percentage of requirements tested, how many have passed/failed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are test cases necessary to show what you will test, or is the time better spent analyzing the actual system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15484" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T20:04:31.727" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T16:01:38.347" Title="Showing system test coverage for customers/stakeholders in agile" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28725" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-24T16:54:46.230" Score="0" ViewCount="642" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is, as mentioned in the headline, is it possible to import testresult from Excel into HP ALM?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explanation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current task is to import all Testcases/results from Word/Excel to HP ALM. It is necessary for me to import Testresults too, because of an internal audit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After searching the HP Plattform I stumbled across this question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://community.saas.hpe.com/t5/Quality-Center-ALM-Practitioners/Import-Test-results-from-excel-to-Quality-center/td-p/947595/page/2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HP Forum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this thread they say it is solvable by a macro but I don't have the permission to write and execute my own Macros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the record: I have limited rights and function in my HP ALM through the company policies. Every change like macros or something else has to be reported to the Testmanagementboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I appreciate every advice :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance &#xA;Robert&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22351" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T19:31:39.393" Title="Import Testresults to HP ALM with Excel AddIn" Tags="&lt;excel&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28725" CreationDate="2017-07-24T19:10:39.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on your question, the &lt;strong&gt;answer is to inform your superiors that their choices are for you or someone else to spend some huge amount of time manually entering the results&lt;/strong&gt; (assuming you have been able to import test cases), &lt;strong&gt;or&lt;/strong&gt; they can have &lt;strong&gt;someone with the proper programming knowledge uses the HP API to generate the import&lt;/strong&gt;(which also could be a huge amount of time depending on how much data mangling and programming you need). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a one-time data entry, there's a fair chance someone is going to find themselves manually entering a lot of data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're going to need to import test result data on a regular basis, you have a better chance that programming resources will be available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless, at this point the decision needs to be made by someone further up the hierarchy than you because you don't have the access to make the decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T19:10:39.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28727" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28728" CreationDate="2017-07-24T19:13:29.003" Score="5" ViewCount="484" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often see agile stories that don't clearly describe what is being developed. Often, nothing is mentioned about how the story must be tested at a high level. I generally don't see this issue in UI stories because its obvious to see the changes from the screenshots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, it becomes hard or impossible for a QA to develop test cases for such stories right away. They have to chat with other people who are often busy and not available easily. Everyone wastes time in finding out information that should have already been in the ticket for the story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can one solve this problem ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS - I understand that some communication is required for daily work, but if people can start including basic information in stories, then work becomes easy &amp;amp; smooth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T20:09:37.413" Title="How should agile stories be written to make QA testing easy?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28727" CreationDate="2017-07-24T19:22:59.520" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider adjusting your development workflow to include and promote some of the following practices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA can tag a ticket for a developer to talk to qa before they start writing code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA reviews tickets for what sort of testing should be used (unit, integrated, performance, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA writes high level tests that are initially failing as the code is yet to be written&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA participates in sprint review and gives input on story pointing and testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sprint review includes input from multiple viewpoints to ensure tickets are well understood&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a high level language such as Cucumber to describe the high level process &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Include QA work in the definition of done and avoid practices that assume it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A clear description in the ticket of what business purpose the ticket serves&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-24T19:29:23.547" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T19:29:23.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28727" CreationDate="2017-07-24T20:09:37.413" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Introduce high-level testing methods may help, such as behavior-driven development (BDD)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Direct quote from Wikipedia:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;BDD is largely facilitated through the use of a simple domain-specific language (DSL) using natural language constructs (e.g., English-like sentences) that can express the behavior and the expected outcomes.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may require some additional training for business analysts and test analysts so that they can be on the same page in terms of how to communicate in BDD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One example is shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Story&lt;/strong&gt;: Authenticate a web page login&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As a&lt;/strong&gt; commercial user &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In order to&lt;/strong&gt; log into my online account&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I want to&lt;/strong&gt; make sure when my user name and password are correct, I can log in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario&lt;/strong&gt; 1: User name and password are both correct&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; that a commercial user enters correct a user name&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;And&lt;/strong&gt; then enters correct password associated with this given user name&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; this user clicks log in button&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; this user is logged in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario&lt;/strong&gt; 2: User name and/or password is wrong&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; that a commercial user enters correct a user name&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;And&lt;/strong&gt; then enters incorrect password associated with this given user name&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; this user clicks log in button&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; this user is not logged in and a message pops up saying: You have entered a wrong username and/or password.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-07-24T20:09:37.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28747" CreationDate="2017-07-24T21:06:33.547" Score="3" ViewCount="172" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been coding my scripts in the past year and demo'd my automation scripts to him, executed tests in front of him and explained that I will be adding more features. Then he asked me, what is the purpose of my automation tests? I said for regression testing, since I am working with different apps at the same time in a week, why not give this a push? It seemed that he wasn't convinced with it and thought I can just manually test everything - I don't like manually testing everything and this is the reason why I wanted to jump into the Automation task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I continued coding for a year, determined test cases that are repetitive. I finally demo'd my final product to some of my teammates and received positive remarks - but deep inside, I feel this is not enough. My boss has not seen the final product yet, and the concept of my selenium tests did not change since I have created the framework. Now his questions bugs me - do I really need to automate my tests? What are the scenarios that I could consider to get back and maybe convince myself that I need the automation tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am the only QA in 10 developer team and some of them are not really happy having a QA because they think QA is redundant since they do their Unit and Integration tests..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T16:21:35.807" Title="How to determine applications that are valid candidates for UI Regression/Automation Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28731" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28743" CreationDate="2017-07-24T23:09:27.710" Score="1" ViewCount="473" Body="&lt;p&gt;An organization is looking to invest in functional programming.  Using es6, react, clojure and reagent as some of the tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When writing end user acceptance testing I usually use Selenium with a language binding, in my case ruby and the capybara or watir DSLs and a test framework such as rspec which basically defines how my code is going to be laid out with &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt;'s &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;'s, nesting and &lt;code&gt;before :each&lt;/code&gt;'s.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While it's preferable to share the same language as the developers, is there an option to do that here given the existing (non-functional) approach that is normally presented by the selenium tool language bindings and test framework implementations ?  Is there a test framework that uses selenium that is built around a more &quot;functional&quot; approach ? Or is a functional approach to UI test automation trying to use the wrong tool for the job?  I'm excluding tools like jasmine as they are unit tests and are also not functional in layout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T12:53:57.090" Title="How can functional programming be used for user acceptance tests?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25693" CreationDate="2017-07-25T00:41:41.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think u can use Actions if u are trying to find an element in a tooltip.For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions tooltip = new Actions(driver);&#xA;tooltip.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;The xpath that u want to move your mouse there&quot;)).build.perform();&#xA;//After this, U can then try to get the element in that tooltip&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26042" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T00:41:41.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28733" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-25T03:36:06.020" Score="2" ViewCount="1579" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to test case management. I am having trouble trying to figure out the best way to organize test cases, either by 'feature' or by 'page'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance if I had a feature called 'email notifications' which can be when a user signs up, when a user requests a password reset, when a user makes a purchase. so basically the email feature is used in multiple parts of the application. I can find this useful if at some point I want to regress the 'email notifications' feature because of some change to our email API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, I feel like tests are better organized by page. So for instance, on the sign up page I can have test for form validation, email sent when signup up, user creation, etc, anything that happens when you sign up. However, now a feature like 'email notifications' can live in multiple places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your experience, what is the best way to organize tests cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27074" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T20:26:03.937" Title="Organizing test cases. By feature or by page?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28734" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28733" CreationDate="2017-07-25T03:58:18.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do both, using keywords. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would organize by feature first, then add keywords to indicate the page or major area of the product (setup, first time use, profile settings, etc...)  Then you can do searches based on multiple dimensions.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Changing the backend email provider: search by email feature.  Improving the customer on boarding experience, search by setup.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T03:58:18.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6963" CreationDate="2017-07-25T06:47:09.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all add plugin (.js file) to your &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B6vnknygMB3ISHBYODA3UDUtS0U/edit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go to menu Option &gt; Options &#xA;Upload on Selenium Core Extension slot (user-extension.js)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second using the Gotoif and Label command.&#xA;Full instruction &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.software-testing-tutorials-automation.com/2013/07/selenium-ide-gotoif-gotolabel-and-label.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; but change the &quot;store&quot; to &quot;storeChecked&quot; because you want to save the boolean of the checklist. The rest is same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this is helping!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27077" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T06:47:09.517" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28736" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-25T07:20:06.217" Score="1" ViewCount="4317" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test package which is based on Selenium and the configuration is in a &lt;code&gt;test.properties&lt;/code&gt; file. Now all the config values are hard coded there. I would like to hide some config values to hide from the version control and would like to put it as env variables. But how can read the env variables inside &lt;code&gt;test.properties&lt;/code&gt; file and assign values? Will the -D option work in this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27078" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T09:10:04.090" LastActivityDate="2018-12-25T19:01:40.300" Title="Use enviornment variables in selenium properties file" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;maven&gt;&lt;properties-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28737" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-25T09:37:28.210" Score="0" ViewCount="272" Body="&lt;p&gt;We want to load test a web application for 550 users using VS 2013 ultimate.&#xA;A machine is a high-end machine with 32GB RAM and 6 cores processor. Is one machine enough for a load test of 550 users? or do I need to go for distributed load?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27083" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T10:24:09.197" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T12:19:20.543" Title="What is the max user load that can be taken by VS 2013 for a load test" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26861" CreationDate="2017-07-25T10:45:49.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The original TMap and it's 2006 update TMap Next are tomes that contain an enormous amount of information, plus nine hundred pages of them. This is overwhelming and time consuming to digest. Especially if you try to figure out how the information can be used in your current project and in the current and still changing big world of IT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of burrying yourself in the big book, try the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read these two books first:&#xA;+ Neil's quest for quality, an easy to read and very recognizable story,&#xA;  I also found it an enjoyable book.&#xA;+ TMap Next Business Driven Test Management, in essence a summary of&#xA;  the big book but with focus on business aspects, this is still relevant. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This creates the base knowledge needed to understand the big book.&#xA;From there on you can use the tome for further reference, to decipher the content and select what is still in use, to become conscious of what has changed over the years due to new technology and new insights. To find the ways to make the concepts work for your projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27087" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T10:45:49.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28737" CreationDate="2017-07-25T12:19:23.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;VS2013 does not place any limits on the number of virtual users. That said, there are trade-offs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You may want to use distributed load tests if:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your application or the test processing is resource-heavy. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need your virtual users to come from multiple IP addresses (this functionality is handled by test agents).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Network bandwidth usage is one of the variables you are monitoring.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You want to simulate different user agent strings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your load test includes different scenarios with different load profiles&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You may want to use single-system load tests if:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You don't care about having a single IP address per user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You want to increase load until system failure (the fewer variables in the mix for this kind of test, the better, I've found)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You don't need to check network bandwidth usage OR the bandwidth between your test machine and your app is enough to handle all your expected traffic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T12:19:23.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28731" CreationDate="2017-07-25T12:43:32.587" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use functional programming for acceptance tests. The F# library &lt;a href=&quot;http://lefthandedgoat.github.io/canopy/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;canopy&lt;/a&gt; is one that builds on Selenium, and could probably work with .NET tools like SpecFlow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that there are similar tools for the languages you're planning to work with but I don't know enough about them to find them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The key to how well functional programming would work with your UI test automation is how well it works to describe the way your application works. The biggest hurdle you're likely encounter is that functional programming requires a different way of thinking to do well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T12:43:32.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28731" CreationDate="2017-07-25T12:53:57.090" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't advise setting up test suites using a functional language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It requires the testing team to essentially learn how to program again in a functional way&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium and similar libraries are supported and well documented in languages such as Ruby, Python, and Java. This is not the case for F#, Haskell, or Clojure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some would argue that you don't need to use the same programming language as the developers, stick to the language your team are comfortable using&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest only moving over to a functional language if you absolutely have to, and I really doubt that's the case. While learning FP is useful, and can improve your own programming ability, it's best to stick to a well documented language with supported libraries which have a large user base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23435" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T12:53:57.090" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28744" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-25T13:29:25.933" Score="1" ViewCount="2298" Body="&lt;p&gt;Requirement is to change the 'KO'to 'FAILED' appearing in Request Summary PIE CHART of  Jmeter Dashboard report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made the changes as described in the following link. Was able to change 'KO' in Statistics Table column header, but is still reflecting 'KO' in PIE CHART. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could any one please guide me how to change 'KO' to 'FAILED' in Jmeter Dashboard Request Summary PIE CHART.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/26689/how-to-customize-jmeter-dashboard-report-generated-in-jmeter-v3-1&quot;&gt;How to customize JMeter Dashboard Report generated in Jmeter v3.1?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27090" LastActivityDate="2018-07-17T07:04:26.383" Title="Jmeter Dashboard report - how to change 'KO' to 'FAILED' in Pie chart of Summary Report" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28745" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="32371" CreationDate="2017-07-25T13:32:24.153" Score="3" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work on testing a web-based financial application. Usually as soon as the Business Analyst publishes the first version of the 'Functional specification/requirements' document, I as a black-box/manual tester start to analyze it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The document usually describes the behavior of a new module/enhancement in the product and page-by-page examples of the UI screens. Also,business validation scenarios, rules and impact on existing functionality/features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I usually write my Test cases/Scripts directly based on the project specification. I don't create any test scenarios document as such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to ask how I can become more effective, better at analyzing the requirements as a QA engineer? How can I find more issues in the requirements and be more valuable for my company? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate any practical ideas, tips, books, material, websites or any techniques that you might have used and which have helped you in a real-world scenarios&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user15122" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T15:09:16.807" LastActivityDate="2018-11-18T14:07:29.280" Title="How should Testers improve their analysis of the the Functional specification document?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28730" CreationDate="2017-07-25T13:43:46.713" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every application is a valid candidate for Automation. At certain points along the development phase, applications become bloated with functionality. Certain areas of said applications are easy candidates to be chosen to automate as they become more prone to regressing into various unwanted behaviors and having a framework in place to quick check those parts is best practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to tackle your question...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Do you really need to automate your tests? No, not really.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Would it be better for you to do so? Absolutely YES! Why? It becomes a huge time-saver for you and your team, the amount of time spent otherwise checking huge chunks of functionality are easily monitored now by checking the outcome of your Automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And judging by the setup of the team you are currently assigned to, I`d assume that you need all the free time you can get. The workload, coming off of 10 developers to one tester, can't be little.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T13:43:46.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28747" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28730" CreationDate="2017-07-25T13:58:55.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I determine applications that are valid candidates for UI Regression/Automation Testing by using the following factors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Revenue and profit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amount of functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Expected product lifetime&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Business domain complexity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Length of time to manually test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit and integration test coverage&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ratio of manual testers to the devs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Complexity of the functionality to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;History of missing bugs by manual testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience and availability of manual testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cost of manual testers compared to automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of devices, browsers and versions to test on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Workflow and whether manual testing holds things up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-25T14:04:27.163" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T14:04:27.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28744" CreationDate="2017-07-25T15:04:58.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apart from changing &lt;code&gt;reportgenerator_summary_statistics_error_count&lt;/code&gt; property value to &lt;code&gt;FAILED&lt;/code&gt; you need to do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Locate the following line in the &lt;code&gt;report-template\content\js\dashboard.js.fmkr&lt;/code&gt; file &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var dataset = [&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;label&quot; : &quot;KO&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;data&quot; : data.KoPercent,&#xA;        &quot;color&quot; : &quot;#FF6347&quot;&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;        &quot;label&quot; : &quot;OK&quot;,&#xA;        &quot;data&quot; : data.OkPercent,&#xA;        &quot;color&quot; : &quot;#9ACD32&quot;&#xA;    }];&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Change &lt;code&gt;&quot;label&quot; : &quot;KO&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;&quot;label&quot; : &quot;FAILURES&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Re-generate your JMeter dashboard&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Configuring JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Generating Report Dashboard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T15:04:58.153" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28749" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28745" CreationDate="2017-07-25T15:29:40.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, I'd suggest you read widely: the blog list at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ministryoftesting.com/testing-feeds/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ministry of Testing&lt;/a&gt; is an excellent starting point and will guide you to more resources (disclaimer: I have published a few articles on their related site, the Testing Dojo). I check their blog list daily, and usually find at least one article that gives me a better perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, if you don't already have some kind of reference within your organization that gives you an indication of cross-module impact, I'd recommend starting one. It doesn't need to be fancy: For my current position I wound up writing a wiki guide that sums up what can be affected by changes to each module. It does take intimate knowledge of the system in test to write this, and you will be constantly updating it, but the effort is worthwhile just to have the reference available. This becomes your regression reference and helps you to ask the right questions about whether a particular new feature could cause problems with an existing feature. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also found that diagramming process flows and building mind maps to help me visualize what a new feature is going to do and need helps to clarify where potential issues could arise, as does printing out the specification document so I can read it through more carefully and add bookmarks of questions and possible issues. This method helped me most when I was working with a strict waterfall lifecycle and had to deal with specification documents well over 100 pages in length.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What works best for me is a goal of knowing enough about what I'm working on and with to be able to connect the missing pieces and look for missing pieces. This may be an individual thing, but I have found that a combination of deep domain and product knowledge combined with a focus on gaps and assumptions in the documentation finds a lot of issues before they can become serious code problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T15:29:40.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28730" CreationDate="2017-07-25T16:21:35.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every application &lt;strong&gt;which is executed repeatedly&lt;/strong&gt; is a candidate for Automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As any engineering task, you need to balance pro and cons: automating a task means writing code which needs to be maintained as the underlying application changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/automation.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Obligatory XKCD cartoon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If application is short-lived, or is undergoing series of rapid changes, automating it might consume more resources than it saved, so fully automating it does not make sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even in such situations (when fully automated regression tests are not appropriate), I found that certain steps still &lt;strong&gt;can&lt;/strong&gt; be automated, to benefit the manual testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you apply &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pareto principle&lt;/a&gt;, you get 80% of the benefit of the automation from automating 20% of your tasks. So start there, and try to automate more as you have time (which you usually will not).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T16:21:35.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28733" CreationDate="2017-07-25T20:26:03.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When it comes to organizing or categorizing tests, always remember the &lt;strong&gt;purpose&lt;/strong&gt; of the test is to validate &amp;amp; verify an Acceptance Criteria/User Requirement. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore organize and structure your tests in such a way that a feature as a whole can be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pages the test execution workflow covers (login, homepage, signup, etc), the type of test (smoke, sanity, regression, etc), the release/iteration (RT04S01, RT199S03 etc), the Acceptance Criteria it covers (AC001, etc) are properties of the test and should be linked to the test as &lt;strong&gt;tags&lt;/strong&gt;/&lt;strong&gt;keywords&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, in Behavior Driven Development (BDD), we use Gherkin language to write Test Cases and specify their meta information as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Structure:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;|--Stories&#xA;|----Epic001_ShortName&#xA;|--------Feature101_ShortName&#xA;|------------US12345_ShortName.story&#xA;|------------US56789_ShortName.story&#xA;|--------Feature102_ShortName&#xA;|------------US11111_ShortName.story&#xA;|----Epic002_ShortName&#xA;|--------Feature201_ShortName&#xA;|------------US99999_ShortName.story&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;Scenario: TC1001 - User name and password are both correct&#xA;Meta:&#xA;@id TC1001&#xA;@author zeeshan&#xA;@severity critical&#xA;@type smoke&#xA;@release RT01&#xA;@pages login homepage &#xA;Given that a commercial user enters correct a user name&#xA;And then enters correct password associated with this given user name&#xA;When this user clicks log in button&#xA;Then this user is logged in.&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-07-25T20:26:03.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28753" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-26T05:28:13.687" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T05:28:13.687" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T05:28:13.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28754" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-26T05:28:13.687" Score="0" Body="" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T05:28:13.687" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T05:28:13.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24172" CreationDate="2017-07-26T08:30:11.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; to click on the specific link if you have the same identifier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPATH to click on 1st link : &lt;code&gt;//div[@id='container']/a[1]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPATH to click on 2nd link: &lt;code&gt;//div[@id='container']/a[2]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27107" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T08:43:48.523" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T08:43:48.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28757" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-26T08:47:59.023" Score="2" ViewCount="3579" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have already used the data driven approach and executed the test cases using excel file. I mean the data is extracted from excel file. Now I want to extract the data from xml file and execute the test case. Could someone please help me out. Below is the code I have written for reading the excel file and executing the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Excel:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5v3bz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5v3bz.png&quot; alt=&quot;Input data structure in Excel spreadsheet&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    package Test_package;&#xA;    &#xA;    import java.io.File;&#xA;    import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;    import java.io.IOException;&#xA;    import java.net.MalformedURLException;&#xA;    import java.net.URL;&#xA;    &#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;&#xA;    import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;    import org.testng.ITestResult;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;&#xA;    import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;    &#xA;    import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.ExtentReports;&#xA;    import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.ExtentTest;&#xA;    import com.relevantcodes.extentreports.LogStatus;&#xA;    &#xA;    import jxl.Sheet;&#xA;    import jxl.Workbook;&#xA;    import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;&#xA;    &#xA;    public class datadriven_coop {&#xA;        WebDriver driver;&#xA;        ExtentReports extent;&#xA;        ExtentTest logger;&#xA;        String baseUrl, nodeUrl;&#xA;    &#xA;        @BeforeTest&#xA;        public void startReport(){&#xA;    &#xA;            extent = new ExtentReports (System.getProperty(&amp;quot;user.dir&amp;quot;) +&amp;quot;/test-output/STMExtentReport.html&amp;quot;, true);&#xA;    &#xA;            extent&#xA;                    .addSystemInfo(&amp;quot;Host Name&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;SoftwareTestingMaterial&amp;quot;)&#xA;                    .addSystemInfo(&amp;quot;Environment&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Automation Testing&amp;quot;)&#xA;                    .addSystemInfo(&amp;quot;User Name&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Pratiksha Salunkhe&amp;quot;);&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;                    extent.loadConfig(new File(System.getProperty(&amp;quot;user.dir&amp;quot;)+&amp;quot;/extent-config.xml&amp;quot;));&#xA;        }&#xA;        @BeforeMethod&#xA;          public void beforeMethod() throws MalformedURLException, InterruptedException {&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;        System.setProperty(&amp;quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;C:\\Chrome\\chromedriver.exe&amp;quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;          }&#xA;    &#xA;        @DataProvider(name=&amp;quot;Cooplogin&amp;quot;)&#xA;        public Object[][] loginData() throws BiffException, IOException {&#xA;            Object[][] arrayObject = getExcelData(&amp;quot;C:\\Standalone\\ABC.xls&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;Sheet2&amp;quot;);&#xA;            return arrayObject;&#xA;        }&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;        public String[][] getExcelData(String fileName, String sheetName) throws BiffException, IOException {&#xA;            String[][] arrayExcelData = null;&#xA;            try&#xA;            {&#xA;                FileInputStream fs = new FileInputStream(fileName);&#xA;                Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(fs);&#xA;                Sheet sh = wb.getSheet(sheetName);&#xA;    &#xA;                int totalNoOfCols = sh.getColumns();&#xA;                int totalNoOfRows = sh.getRows();&#xA;                System.out.println(totalNoOfCols);&#xA;                System.out.println(totalNoOfRows);&#xA;    &#xA;                arrayExcelData = new String[totalNoOfRows-1][totalNoOfCols];&#xA;    &#xA;                for (int i= 1 ; i&amp;lt;totalNoOfRows; i++) {&#xA;    &#xA;                    for (int j=0; j&amp;lt;totalNoOfCols; j++) {&#xA;                        arrayExcelData[i-1][j] = sh.getCell(j, i).getContents();&#xA;                    }&#xA;    &#xA;                }&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;            }&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;        catch (FileNotFoundException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } catch (BiffException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;                return arrayExcelData;&#xA;    &#xA;        }&#xA;    &#xA;        @Test(dataProvider=&amp;quot;Cooplogin&amp;quot;)&#xA;        public void Coop_produkt(String Username,String password,String Category,String Subcategory,String Category1,String Subcategory1) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;    &#xA;            logger = extent.startTest(&amp;quot;Coop_produkt&amp;quot;);&#xA;         driver.get(&amp;quot;https://www.coopathome.ch/de/&amp;quot;);&#xA;    &#xA;               Thread.sleep(5000);&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;               //fruits&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[@id='nav']/ul/li[1]/a/span&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[@id='subnav--item-m_0001']/li[1]/ul[1]/li[1]/a&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;               JavascriptExecutor jse8= (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;               jse8.executeScript(&amp;quot;window.scrollBy(0,400)&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[3]/button&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;j_username&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(Username);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;j_password&amp;quot;)).sendKeys(password);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;loginOverlaySubmitLoginFormButton&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    &#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[3]/div/div/button[2]&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;    &#xA;               //Shampoo &amp;amp; Salad&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;              driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[contains(text(),'&amp;quot; +Category+ &amp;quot;')]&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;    &#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[contains(text(),'&amp;quot; +Subcategory+ &amp;quot;')]&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[@id='sortOptions']&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Select dropdown1=new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&amp;quot;sort&amp;quot;)));&#xA;               dropdown1.selectByVisibleText(&amp;quot;Preis (absteigend)&amp;quot;);&#xA;               JavascriptExecutor jse7= (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;               jse7.executeScript(&amp;quot;window.scrollBy(0,400)&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[3]/button&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[3]/div/div/button[2]&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;    &#xA;               //Drinks &amp;amp; Beer&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[contains(text(),'&amp;quot; +Category1+ &amp;quot;')]&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[contains(text(),'&amp;quot; +Subcategory1+ &amp;quot;')]&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[@id='sortOptions']&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Select dropdown2=new Select(driver.findElement(By.name(&amp;quot;sort&amp;quot;)));&#xA;               dropdown2.selectByVisibleText(&amp;quot;Preis (absteigend)&amp;quot;);&#xA;               JavascriptExecutor jse6= (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;               jse6.executeScript(&amp;quot;window.scrollBy(0,500)&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[3]/button&amp;quot;)).click();;&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/ul/li[1]/div/div/div[3]/div/div/button[2]&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;    &#xA;               //add to cart&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;miniCartProceedToCheckoutButton&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;miniCartProceedToCheckoutButton&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;    &#xA;               //Date for delivery&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;.//*[@id='heimlieferung']/div[4]/dl/dd[3]/a&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;chooseDeliveryDate_continue_button&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;               WebElement t=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div/dd&amp;quot;));&#xA;               if (t.getText().equals(&amp;quot;120.40&amp;quot;))&#xA;               {&#xA;                      System.out.println(&amp;quot;Gesamtkosten ist korrekt&amp;quot;);&#xA;                      logger.log(LogStatus.INFO, &amp;quot;Validierung erfolgreich : Gesamtkosten ist korrekt&amp;quot;);&#xA;    &#xA;                      } &#xA;               else {&#xA;               System.out.println(&amp;quot;Gesamtkosten ist nicht korrekt, Erwarteten Gesamtkosten ist &amp;quot;+ t.getText()); &#xA;               }&#xA;               JavascriptExecutor jse18= (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;                jse18.executeScript(&amp;quot;window.scrollBy(0,500)&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;);&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div/div[5]/form/div[2]/p/a&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;    &#xA;                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/span[2]/a[1]&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;                //Alert alert=driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;                Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;                if(driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;removeAllItemsBtn&amp;quot;)).isDisplayed())&#xA;                {&#xA;                    driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;removeAllItemsBtn&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;                }&#xA;                driver.findElement(By.xpath(&amp;quot;html/body/div[2]/div/div[2]/nav[2]/div/ul/li[7]/a&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;    System.out.println(&amp;quot;Jetzt ist den Warenkorb leer und Sie können neues Produkt wieder hinzufügen&amp;quot;);&#xA;    logger.log(LogStatus.PASS, &amp;quot;Jetzt ist den Warenkorb leer und Sie koennen neues Produkt wieder hinzufuegen&amp;quot;);&#xA;                logger.log(LogStatus.PASS, &amp;quot;Coop_produkt Testfall ist erfolgreicht&amp;quot;);&#xA;             }&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;        @AfterMethod&#xA;        public void getResult(ITestResult result){&#xA;    &#xA;            if(result.getStatus() == ITestResult.FAILURE){&#xA;                logger.log(LogStatus.FAIL, &amp;quot;Test Case Failed is &amp;quot;+result.getName());&#xA;                logger.log(LogStatus.FAIL, &amp;quot;Test Case Failed is &amp;quot;+result.getThrowable());&#xA;            }else if(result.getStatus() == ITestResult.SKIP){&#xA;                logger.log(LogStatus.SKIP, &amp;quot;Test Case Skipped is &amp;quot;+result.getName());&#xA;            }&#xA;    &#xA;            extent.endTest(logger);&#xA;        }&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;        @AfterTest&#xA;        public void endReport(){&#xA;    &#xA;                    extent.flush();&#xA;    &#xA;    }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26876" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T07:08:41.147" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T07:08:41.147" Title="Data driven using xml file in java selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25918" CreationDate="2017-07-26T08:51:58.887" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without using mouse hover also, we can get those tooltip by using the below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    String tooltip1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='fc-multiple-roles-rollover resizeable-1']/div[1]&quot;)).getText(); // use to get the first tooltip&#xA;    System.out.println(tooltip1);&#xA;&#xA;    String tooltip2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='fc-multiple-roles-rollover resizeable-1']/div[2]&quot;)).getText; // use to get 2nd tooltip&#xA;    System.out.println(tooltip2);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27107" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T08:51:58.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2017-07-26T09:03:04.057" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try, tool called Swagger UI for manual testng -&#xA;Easy to use, Nice UI, Good technical documentation around the tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T09:03:04.057" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16056" CreationDate="2017-07-26T09:06:10.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can check video &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3JL4Bn0HCY4&amp;amp;list=PLQjCIKjuXCdlC_zE3qzXWu-pniovLSMfV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API Testing - Part 1 - API Testing Introduction&lt;/a&gt; that make you confident to answer your interview question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T09:06:10.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26788" CreationDate="2017-07-26T09:11:47.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can record Case 1: scenario using blazemeter chrome extension that generates .jmx file and imports it into the Jmeter and set your threads to 100 users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14998" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T09:11:47.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28737" CreationDate="2017-07-26T12:19:20.543" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The number of virtual users that one agent can support depends upon several things, but they amount to how much CPU and memory each user uses. Things that contribute include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of requests in the web test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Duration of web test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number and complexity of extraction and verification rules, also of plugins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the data recorded for each run of a web test is held in RAM until the web test completes. All this data adds up so the RAM may become exhausted with too many users on an agent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Microsoft &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff937706.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;have published&lt;/a&gt; a guide to how many users an agent can support. It appears that the latest version of this guide has the same values as published in 2012. The recommendation is that a single 2.6GHz CPU with 2GB memory can support up to 500 users and a dual processor 2.6GHz CPU with 2GB memory can support up to 1000 users. Your 6 cores and 32GB memory should be ample.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember to specify &lt;code&gt;Run tests in 64 bit process on 64 bit machine&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;Hosts&lt;/code&gt; section of the active &quot;.testsettings&quot; for the test run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T12:19:20.543" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26264" CreationDate="2017-07-26T13:02:46.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A security assessment in 2017 should be part of the ongoing DevOps cycle in any organization today. As DevOps is focused on continuous integration (CI) and continuous delivery/deployment (CD), security assessments (and QA for that matter) should be conducted regularly to maximize positive outcomes for your clients' end-users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes a &quot;security assessment&quot; as an &quot;event&quot; irrelevant, as server or app security is constantly being implemented, improved, and checked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, starting with security in mind, you can ensure new API endpoints require proper authentication as developers add them, instead of waiting until a data breach and then doing a large audit of everything to fix security holes. This is something that a &quot;security assessment&quot; might uncover later, except when it's more costly or less time-effective to implement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It’s about automating as much of your IT security processes as possible and cutting down on wasted time later in the feedback loop. Additionally, security personnel needs to be involved in the development process, helping to plan system architecture along the way. They will generally be eager to get involved as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More about implementing security into an agile DevOps process so it isn't an annual &quot;assessment&quot;. For more details &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.bluematador.com/posts/security-qa-fit-into-devops-cycle/?utm_source=quora&amp;amp;utm_medium=link&amp;amp;utm_campaign=devops-qa-security&amp;amp;utm_content=26264&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclosure:&lt;/strong&gt; The above link is from our own blog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional Reference:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/critical/continuous-security-implementing-critical-controls-devops-environment-36552&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous Security: Implementing the Critical Controls in a DevOps Environment (PDF)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27113" LastEditorUserId="27113" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T15:05:03.607" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T15:05:03.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28769" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-26T14:07:20.550" Score="1" ViewCount="165" Body="&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using this code snippet to mock JDBC Datasources from within Junit4:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            SimpleNamingContextBuilder builder = new SimpleNamingContextBuilder();&#xA;            BasicDataSource ds = new BasicDataSource();&#xA;            ds.setDriverClassName(&amp;quot;org.postgresql.Driver&amp;quot;);&#xA;            ds.setUrl(&amp;quot;jdbc:postgresql://address:port/db&amp;quot;);&#xA;            ds.setUsername(&amp;quot;user&amp;quot;);&#xA;            ds.setPassword(&amp;quot;pass&amp;quot;);&#xA;            builder.bind(&amp;quot;jdbc/db&amp;quot;, ds);&#xA;&#xA;            builder.activate();&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&amp;quot;connected&amp;quot;);&#xA;        } catch (NamingException ex) {&#xA;            System.err.println(&amp;quot;error: &amp;quot; + ex.getMessage());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Specific imports:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource;&#xA;    import org.springframework.mock.jndi.SimpleNamingContextBuilder;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;: how should I close the DataSource connections in a tearDown method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that neither &lt;code&gt;builder&lt;/code&gt; nor &lt;code&gt;ds&lt;/code&gt; are class variables which could be referenced, perhaps should I just move &lt;code&gt;ds&lt;/code&gt; to a class scope and then use it to close it's &lt;code&gt;Connection&lt;/code&gt; objects?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I also &amp;quot;de-bind&amp;quot; the &lt;code&gt;DataSource&lt;/code&gt; from the &lt;code&gt;NamingContext&lt;/code&gt; or, that part doesn't really matter at all?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T07:57:49.853" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T07:57:49.853" Title="JUnit tearDown implementation for Spring-test's SimpleNamingContextBuilder/DataSource" Tags="&lt;junit&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26861" CreationDate="2017-07-26T14:51:46.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Today (27th of July) I found out that another book &#xA;has been published by Sogeti in april 2016.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The title is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;IoTMap testing in an IoT environment&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;by Tom van de Ven, Jaap Bloem and Jean-Pascal Duniau, 168 pages&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;(IoT = internet of things).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Available in paperback and as an E-book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still have to order and read it, but it sounds promising&#xA;as a modern step in the application of the TMap method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27087" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T15:19:22.060" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T15:19:22.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28771" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-26T16:01:32.060" Score="3" ViewCount="1713" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently trying to setup headless chrome testing with Capybara in my docker-compose file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I keep getting that chromedriver has failed to start because it had crashed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError:&#xA;       unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed&#xA;         (Driver info: chromedriver=2.31.488763 (092de99f48a300323ecf8c2a4e2e7cab51de5ba8),platform=Linux 4.9.36-moby x86_64)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my DockerFile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    version: '3'&#xA;services:&#xA;  db:&#xA;    image: postgres&#xA;    networks:&#xA;      - zincplatform&#xA;&#xA;  chromedriver:&#xA;    image: robcherry/docker-chromedriver:latest&#xA;    ports: &#xA;      - &quot;4444:4444&quot;&#xA;    networks: &#xA;      - zincplatform&#xA;    environment:&#xA;      CHROMEDRIVER_WHITELISTED_IPS: &quot;&quot;&#xA;&#xA;  redis:&#xA;    image: redis:latest&#xA;    networks:&#xA;      - zincplatform&#xA;&#xA;  quoting-engine:&#xA;    build: ../quoting-engine&#xA;    environment:&#xA;      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:@db/zinc_quoting_engine_development&#xA;    command: bash -c &quot;&#xA;        rm -f tmp/pids/server.pid \&#xA;        &amp;amp;&amp;amp; bundle exec rails server -p 3001 -b '0.0.0.0'&#xA;      &quot;&#xA;    volumes:&#xA;      - ../quoting-engine:/qe&#xA;    ports:&#xA;      - &quot;3001:3001&quot;&#xA;    networks:&#xA;      - zincplatform&#xA;    depends_on:&#xA;      - db&#xA;      - redis&#xA;&#xA;  core:&#xA;    build: .&#xA;    environment:&#xA;      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:@db/zinc_development&#xA;      - DOCKER=true&#xA;    command: bash -c &quot;&#xA;        rm -f tmp/pids/server.pid \&#xA;        ; bundle exec rake db:migrate \&#xA;        ; foreman start -f Procfile.docker&#xA;      &quot;&#xA;    volumes:&#xA;      - .:/zinc-core&#xA;    ports:&#xA;      - &quot;3000:3000&quot;&#xA;      - &quot;8081:8081&quot;&#xA;    networks:&#xA;      - zincplatform&#xA;    depends_on:&#xA;      - quoting-engine&#xA;      - db&#xA;      - redis&#xA;      - chromedriver&#xA;&#xA;networks:&#xA;  zincplatform:&#xA;    driver: bridge&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my capybara.rb file which I use to select chrome driver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require &quot;selenium/webdriver&quot;&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.ignore_hidden_elements = true&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.javascript_driver = :headless_chrome&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.register_driver :chrome do |app|&#xA;  Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :chrome)&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;Capybara.register_driver :headless_chrome do |app|&#xA;  capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome(&#xA;    chromeOptions: { args: %w[headless disable-gpu window-size=1440,900] },&#xA;  )&#xA;&#xA;  Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new app,&#xA;    browser: :chrome,&#xA;    url: &quot;http://chromedriver:4444/wd/hub&quot;,&#xA;    desired_capabilities: capabilities&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;RSpec.configure do |config|&#xA;  config.before(:each, js: true) do |example|&#xA;    Capybara.current_driver = select_driver(example)&#xA;    VCR.configure do |c|&#xA;      c.allow_http_connections_when_no_cassette = true&#xA;    end&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;def select_driver(example)&#xA;  return unless example.metadata[:js]&#xA;&#xA;  if example.metadata[:js] == :debug&#xA;    :chrome&#xA;  else&#xA;    :headless_chrome&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I followed exactly how I saw tutorials had set up chrome driver using port 4444 and that particular path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27118" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T16:01:32.060" Title="Headless Chrome with Docker Compose" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;ruby-on-rails&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28772" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-26T16:45:34.577" Score="1" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate a small process. login change password and logout for approximately 100 users on web application. Can anyone suggest any open source tool which would be able to handle unexpected pop ups as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried Sikuli but it gets difficult when the pop ups have similar image as the tool recognizes objects based on the captured images. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27099" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-26T17:03:40.677" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T10:36:40.890" Title="Suitable tool for automation testing of small UI case?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-09-07T06:07:41.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28773" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28772" CreationDate="2017-07-26T16:59:09.927" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd start with the seleniumIDE, a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;firefox plugin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you outgrow that use selenium with a language binding - ruby, python, c#, javascript, java, etc.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/about/platforms.jsp#programming-languages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is what the browser vendors agree to support and maintain so it is the best choice and underlies most web UI automation frameworks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Image based processes should be avoided if possible as they are fragile and require more maintenance &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T07:12:49.123" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T07:12:49.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11624" CreationDate="2017-07-26T21:25:01.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say no, don't put assertions in page objects.  I prefer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a consistent approach using the test framework DSL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keeping to simple assertions that are self describing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keeping page objects to more defined roles of locators, actions and services (sets of actions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;seeing if there are multiple assertions (anit-pattern but common for ui tests) inline&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-26T21:25:01.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28772" CreationDate="2017-07-27T04:51:13.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on your needs..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need these tests run for a longer time, then you should go for open source tool like Selenium IDE (Record and Play) and then once you get the hands on gradually move to Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a shorter run, suppose say for 1 month or so, try any paid tool's trial version and get your work done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the good paid tools are Ranorex, UiPath etc.. These will have record and play functionality + so many other advantages; so that you don't even need to worry about the locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24198" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T04:51:13.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28777" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28781" CreationDate="2017-07-27T06:08:35.833" Score="3" ViewCount="4857" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is one practical task which we are using since 5 year to analyze the right candidate for QA position. The task contains following things -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional document : Candidate have to read whole document around 50 pages and come to know about the project goal&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We are asking to write UI and Functional test cases for 5 modules&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Asking to provide Test plan, Test cases for all 5 modules, Test Summary report and bug report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We send the mail to candidate and give time for 2 days&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it seems frustrating  to candidate that we are asking these many things. So we are planning to revise it but there is no senior QA person who can provide us the guideline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question here is what could be the things which we include in and can analyze the better candidate based on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking about to write some scenarios like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test scenarios for payment gateway testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic security test checklist for a web application (we mostly work on e-commerce application)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help us to determine what should we include ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T10:00:35.590" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T10:00:35.590" Title="What can be the question for practical task for the QA candidate?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28778" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28798" CreationDate="2017-07-27T09:34:30.523" Score="0" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am migrating my test cases from TestRail to Zephyr. In TestRail, their are folders, sub-folders upto 4 levels. Each folder level have test cases. &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;While migrating to Zephyr(Jira Tool), we have 4 options to add the test cases: Test Category, Test Plan, Test Group and Test (in the same chronological order). &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&#xA;Is there any correct way for how to categorize the test cases based on the available option?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16447" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T13:40:46.587" Title="Jira Concept: How to decide when to use Test Category or Test Plan?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28777" CreationDate="2017-07-27T09:39:23.753" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends what you are looking for. It's impossible to provide generic questions and checklist. You should tailor your questions and tasks to determine whether the person you are hiring can do the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if daily job includes writing a lot of test cases and reports, you definitely would want to see how candidate writes tests cases and reports, right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for someone who finds problems, you ask him to find some bugs or present system and let him ask questions about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for developer in test, you focus on technical and programming questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want someone who will be assertive and vocal, and work well on team, you focus on chatting and hypothetical scenarios, not long take-home tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If strong analytical skills are welcome, you ask how to test some complex system, module, where candidate does not have domain experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you need to keep in mind, what will he/she think about company after receiving any assignments. 50 page doc, and test plan writing would make me think company is not serious, has very outdated development practices, and don't value candidates time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, i think interviews should focus on candidates personality, attitude, problem-solving and long term goals, not on easily google-able knowledge about test cases or bug report writing, and any take home assignments should take maximum 1-2 hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastEditorUserId="18348" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T09:46:20.980" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T09:46:20.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28781" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28777" CreationDate="2017-07-27T10:40:24.027" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you'r company is hiring for QA Role &amp;amp; you have planned for a Practical test round of the QA candidates then-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for &lt;strong&gt;MANUAL TESTER (QA)&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prepare a Demo link of your any application which is having some defects. Assign this link to the candidates for finding Bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask him to make a DEFECT REPORT; so that you will easily test his/her defect reporting style or way of reporting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, you can easily test his/her thinking capability, positive-negative scenarios, deciding severity/Priority..etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can also assign writing TEST CASES on the same application where you will be able to check his way of writing Test Cases &amp;amp; reporting.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ask some Database queries (SQL/MYSQL) to check a database knowledge.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are looking for strong analytical/problem-solving candidates then again you may provide some analytical/problem-solving questions like- puzzles, problems on mirror images etc.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;for Example -&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dlRKx.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dlRKx.png&quot; alt=&quot;problems on mirror images&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for &lt;strong&gt;AUTOMATION TESTER (QA)&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask him to do complete Selenium setup (installation) required to start selenium project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask him/her to design project structure in eclipse IDE or Framework design&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;you can also provide the same test link of your application for automating small module using java &amp;amp; reporting tools like TestNG...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;provide some JAVA programs where you can easily check their programming knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ask some Database queries (SQL/MYSQL) to check a database knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, You can not check his practical knowledge in 2 or 3 hrs practical test, you have to focus on his/her long term goals, candidates analytical, problem-solving skills, Manual testing concepts, Programming concepts, personality, his attitude, communication skill and many more things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T12:32:27.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28784" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="33159" CreationDate="2017-07-27T12:26:10.433" Score="0" ViewCount="703" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using Eclipse for building my automation framework. Recently I wanted to use gauge in my framework. But while trying to install the plugin I noticed that the version number of Gauge for Eclipse is 0.0.3(not been updated for last 1 year) whereas for other IDE the version number is 0.9.4.&#xA;Isn't it a huge drawback the gauge doesn't support one of the most widely use IDE.&#xA;My question is - &#xA;Does this mean that I will have to use IntelliJ to use latest version of Gauge?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T23:07:43.260" LastActivityDate="2018-04-17T05:33:30.613" Title="Why is there no Gauge plugin version for Eclipse IDE" Tags="&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;intellij&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28785" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="822" CreationDate="2017-07-27T12:33:26.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test case selection should be in such a way that automating it should add value to the project in terms of cost, time saving etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following are the points I keep in mind to select tests for automation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case executed with different set of data&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case executed with different browser&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case executed with different environment&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case executed with complex business logic&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case executed with different set of users&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case Involves large amount of data&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case has any dependency&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test case  need to execute number of times&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27135" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-27T16:24:48.077" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T16:24:48.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28789" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-27T20:09:31.883" Score="6" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;I sometimes come across bugs that do not have enough information to reproduce the bug, or worse, understand what the issue is in the first place. Usually,  business analysts, rookie QAs &amp;amp; sometimes developers write nonsensical bugs like this. &lt;strong&gt;Contrived&lt;/strong&gt; (for simplicity) examples - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ex.1&lt;/strong&gt; I see a server error when I open this webpage, for this user. The username and password is xyz.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me:&lt;/strong&gt; Does the page give more info about the server error ? Did you check the network inspector of your browser ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ex.2&lt;/strong&gt; I open the ecommerce webpage &amp;amp; add items item1 &amp;amp; item2 to shopping cart. Then, I see that the underlying CartService's api call getCartTotal response has Item 1 discount=0%. This is wrong. In ItemPriceService call getItemPrice(theItem) we have Item 1 = {$50, discount 10%} &amp;amp; Item 2 = {$100, discount = 0%}.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Me :&lt;/strong&gt; So, you meant to say that in the shopping cart, any discounted item is priced at its regular full price. (...and the rest of the info in your bug report is the underlying details of the bug)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to such bugs, I often have to waste time in chatting with the bug reporters to understand &amp;amp; reproduce such bugs. How do I deal with such poorly documented bugs ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some solutions I think might help.&lt;/strong&gt; Do you see any issues in these &#xA;solutions ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Save 2-3 poorly documented bugs somewhere &amp;amp; make current employees &amp;amp; new candidates try to figure out what the basic issue is &amp;amp; how to reproduce it. Then, show them the well documented version of the bugs to understand how much pain others go through in understanding the bugs. I will have to ask management to do implement this solution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create general guidelines for bug reporting, perhaps even specific guidelines for api testing, UI, database etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reject the bug saying that its not clear what the issue is.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T01:10:57.687" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T21:49:56.740" Title="How do I deal with poorly documented bugs?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28789" CreationDate="2017-07-27T20:49:07.377" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is company specific. Any sort of bug reporting can work in different teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your two examples seem kind of silly though. Whats so unclear about opening and navigating to web page, and reproducing error, or adding items to cart and checking what discounts are applied?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is that when dealing with new or inexperienced developers, one needs detailed bug descriptions, 'press x, then y, then z, got this, expected that' while when dealing with more senior ones who take bugs seriously 'shit doesn't work yo' is sufficient. Some even LIKE to chat about bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't understand how to reproduce the problem at all, just reject, reject. Reporter will get a hint after a few times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite often testers don't have time too, to investigate every bug in detail, so they notice problem, quickly report and are off to find more problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If its a TEAM problem, bring it up in any of regular meetings, see if anyone agrees with you, bring examples and brainstorm a solution. Maybe you need more detailed steps, or more information than 'press X there is an error', and that's fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's a YOU problem, then reject what you don't understand, bring it up, but be prepared to adjust that there will be no resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2017-07-27T20:49:07.377" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28789" CreationDate="2017-07-28T03:41:47.443" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are finding bug reports from QA engineers to be lacking enough clarity to reproduce and fix, this seems like an issue to bring up to the QA Manager.  Are new QA engineers not being properly trained?  Are more senior QA engineers not properly overseeing the work of newer engineers long enough?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first two bullet points seem like good ideas, but I'd avoid going directly from QA engineer to QA engineer.  It should be a team effort between the Dev and QA management teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you truly can't understand a bug report, rejecting (or if your system allows it to be put in a feedback state that throws it back to QA for review without actually rejecting it) it is fine.  But doing this is unlikely to actually address the larger issue and make cause unnecessary friction between teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27150" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T03:41:47.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28793" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-28T05:54:02.960" Score="0" ViewCount="783" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to automate our regression test cases for a silverlight application we have and was wondering if anyone has done this and could suggest tools that can be used to do this quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27153" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T08:03:36.853" Title="Silverlight web application automation tools?" Tags="&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;silverlight&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-07-28T22:29:55.927" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28793" CreationDate="2017-07-28T08:03:36.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two newer tools not mentioned in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5083/open-source-functional-testing-automation-tools-for-testing-silverlight-based-ap&quot;&gt;old answer (2012)&lt;/a&gt; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; (actually a desktop automation software, but also usable for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;web testing&lt;/a&gt;, cross-platform)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu&lt;/a&gt; supports &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/flash&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Flash/Silverlight testing&lt;/a&gt; (image-driven web automation wrapper for Google Chrome, Windows only)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26503" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T08:03:36.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5383" CreationDate="2017-07-28T13:21:33.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using Excel to mange test cases does have many problems, but there are a few things you can do to make life a little easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a collaborative tool - Instead of using Excel, how about a tool such as google spreadsheets. This allows you to work online and also allows multiple people to use the tool and make edits at the same time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maintain the templates - Make sure you clearly label which spreadhseet is the main template and always copy this when starting a new test cycle and always make sure any edits get made to this master copy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Share - Make sure that everyone has access to the place where you store the files to prevent people from making multiple copies.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eventually you will start to find this a little painful and the best thing you could do is try and explain the benefits of using a dedicated tool to your team. (Maybe suggest trailing a tool for one project and seeing how they get on)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5365" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T13:21:33.450" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-28T13:21:33.450" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28778" CreationDate="2017-07-28T13:40:46.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Category - Functional Category including non-functional (depends on the application and how you have it divided up)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Plan is the structure of the tests you desire to execute.  This is usually following happy and non-happy paths with user stories in mind, but it is totally up to the way you have the application broken down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Group is a group of tests that go together.  Usually this is done when you need to test a certain section of the application and you have certain tests that fall into that section, so if one gets selected then the whole group gets selected.  Again this totally depends on the breakdown of your application and the structure of the tests written against it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test is just that, a single test that is written for a specific functionality in the application (or non-functional)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test Cycle you don't have mentioned, but that is the actual execution cycle where you can group any tests you want into a specific execution thread by selecting them.  This ties to a software version specifically so it will give you a consistent version to execution results perspective.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope this helps.  They leave it pretty open and adaptable for the flexibility to set things up the way you want them to be.  You can also utilize categories and labels for the tests similar to regular Jira items which adds even more ability to customize tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T13:40:46.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28784" CreationDate="2017-07-28T13:45:09.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, each &quot;product&quot; has their on version numbers.  So each plugin/package being separate from the standard IDE means it has a different number scheme.  You need to check the release notes for the plugin/package and check compatibility with Eclipse versions to see which versions are supported with the plugin/package.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T13:45:09.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28802" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28716" CreationDate="2017-07-28T16:13:27.140" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Step one would be to tell development to make the &lt;strong&gt;html&lt;/strong&gt; more automation friendly, because this is pretty awful. :) I hope you have good persuasion skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can probably clean this up, but here is an example using both &lt;strong&gt;contains&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;text()=&lt;/strong&gt; for getting the text element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;//*[@id='summaryDiv']/table[4]//text()[following-sibling::b[contains(text(), 'Unit Numb')] and preceding-sibling::b[text()='Rel#:']]&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing to remember here, is that even though you don't see a &lt;strong&gt;tag&lt;/strong&gt; around some of the text, &lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; itself can work to find those text() elements, as if it was a normal tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While following and preceding may look a bit backwards here, it essentially means look for some text before the 'b' node text that contains 'Unit Numb' and after the 'b' node text that is 'Rel#:'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should give you the number with some extra white space, but you can trim it and parse it from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24457" LastEditorUserId="24457" LastEditDate="2017-07-28T16:21:25.507" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T16:21:25.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28803" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28804" CreationDate="2017-07-28T18:58:28.927" Score="0" ViewCount="579" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to locate a link on the page and copy it or store it as a string without clicking it in a protractor test. I can locate the element but am not sure how to store it as a string. Suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T19:07:38.267" Title="Locate a link and copy it without clicking in protractor" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28803" CreationDate="2017-07-28T19:07:38.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that all the selenium-specific Protractor methods &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/control-flow#promises-and-the-control-flow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;return promises&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will have to store the link as a &quot;promise&quot; and resolve once the value is needed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var link = $(&quot;#mylink_id&quot;).getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;link.then(function (actualLinkAsString) {&#xA;    // do something with actualLinkAsString  &#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-28T19:07:38.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28805" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-29T02:07:02.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://swift.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Swift&lt;/a&gt; is an application and systems programming language introduced by Apple on June 2, 2014, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://swift.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;distributed as open source&lt;/a&gt;. Swift inter-operates with Objective-C and Cocoa/Cocoa-touch API's for Apple's iOS, macOS, watchOS, tvOS operating systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-29T06:57:42.843" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T06:57:42.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28806" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-29T02:07:02.640" Score="0" Body="Swift is a general-purpose, open-source programming language developed by Apple Inc. for iOS, macOS, watchOS, tvOS, and Linux. " OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-29T05:51:46.347" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T05:51:46.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25413" CreationDate="2017-07-29T02:30:29.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that &lt;em&gt;&lt;code&gt;setUpClass&lt;/code&gt; is executed earlier than &lt;code&gt;classSetup&lt;/code&gt; fixture&lt;/em&gt;, hence the &lt;code&gt;AttributeError&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One workaround might be to manually allow this method to be executed once, something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def setUp(self):  &#xA;    if getattr(self, 'navigated'):&#xA;         return&#xA;&#xA;    self.sf.navigateToCCForms(&quot;img&quot;)&#xA;    self.navigated = True&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also try the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/xunit_setup.html?highlight=setup_class#class-level-setup-teardown&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;setup_class()&lt;/code&gt; method supported by &lt;code&gt;pytest&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, though I suspect you would get the same issue as with &lt;code&gt;setUpClass&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T02:30:29.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24848" CreationDate="2017-07-29T02:38:44.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tend to think of the compatibility issue between Selenium and Firefox, please check that first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, it might very well be a &lt;em&gt;timing issue&lt;/em&gt; - you are getting the page title at the time it is not set, though I have not experienced similar timing issues with page titles before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is the case, you may apply &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/waits.html#explicit-waits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;code&gt;title_is&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;title_contains&lt;/code&gt; Expected Condition function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)&#xA;wait.until(EC.title_contains(&quot;desired substring&quot;))&#xA;&#xA;title = driver.title&#xA;print('Title is: ' + title)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T02:38:44.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28809" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28814" CreationDate="2017-07-29T02:46:52.000" Score="4" ViewCount="309" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oftentimes, to tackle timing issues and to keep end-to-end tests powered by Selenium more reliable, we add explicit waits to the testing flow. Sometimes, after an explicit wait there is an assertion that basically checks what we were waiting for with an Explicit Wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples in Python:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.title_is(&quot;Page Title&quot;))&#xA;self.assertEqual(driver.title, &quot;Page Title&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, &quot;myId&quot;)))&#xA;self.assertTrue(element.isDisplayed())&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On one hand these assertions duplicate wait condition checks. On the other, assertions are more explicit and readable. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you deal with this kind of situations? What would we lose if we remove the assertions leaving only explicit waits?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-29T10:17:58.367" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T05:49:22.403" Title="How to avoid repeating the same condition in both wait and assertion?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28809" CreationDate="2017-07-29T07:28:56.690" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have combined advantages of both into a single command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;waitThat(element.getText(), equalTo(&quot;Something&quot;), noLongerThan(min(1)), checkEvery(sec(1)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's Java but I am sure you can build a similar thing in Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-07-30T07:13:34.497" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T07:13:34.497" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28820" CreationDate="2017-07-29T10:32:39.693" Score="3" ViewCount="3354" Body="&lt;p&gt;Team,&#xA;I have just installed Jenkins on one of my machine. In between due to some other activity, I moved few min away. When I returned I observed my Jenkins page asking me Username &amp;amp; Password.&#xA;Note - I have neither created any user &amp;amp; nor set any password&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is : What should I enter in Username &amp;amp; Password fields for recently installed Jenkins setup?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T04:58:09.973" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T04:58:09.973" Title="What should I enter in Username &amp; Password fields for recently installed Jenkins setup?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28809" CreationDate="2017-07-29T10:52:09.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have two lines of code of which the second is fully redundant (because the first already does the same, and more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do agree that defining a new WebdriverWait every time isn't very readable too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, the solution could be simple:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;define a WebdriverWait one time at framework level (static if need be)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create a helper method that uses this variable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my C# framework, for example, I can simply use &lt;code&gt;Browser.WaitFor(condition);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, if you read &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28575/chaining-webelement-actions&quot;&gt;my response in another of your questions&lt;/a&gt;, you will notice the phrase &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I never have to add a &lt;strong&gt;wait&lt;/strong&gt; or a clear() in my PageObjects again (when dealing with individual elements)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because when using framework wrapper methods for WebElement actions, you can put in them what you want - even assertions per your question (see my example below). &lt;strong&gt;The main advantage is highly reduced and very clean code in Page Objects and consistency across Page Objects in dealing with elements.&lt;/strong&gt; High-level example for entering text with C# extension methods (but in other languages you will probably find different syntax to achieve the same).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PageObject&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When using PageFactory to initialize the elements, my only line of code would be this (even though the field is not necessarily loaded at this point)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;username.SetText(&quot;user&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Framework&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All the waiting and additional actions (clearing the element first) are done behind the scenes. The waiting works because of using PageFactory and catching the &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; in the framework (with a &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void SetText(this IWebElement element, string text)&#xA;{&#xA;  // first, wait until element is visible using another extension method&#xA;  // in this method a WebDriverWait is used, so it only returns once found&#xA;  element.ShouldBeVisible();&#xA;  // if you want to, assert visibility again&#xA;  // it's only defined once here in the framework so your Page Objects stays clean&#xA;  Assert.IsTrue(element.Displayed);&#xA;  // then enter text&#xA;  element.Clear();&#xA;  element.SendKeys();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T10:52:09.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28815" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28819" CreationDate="2017-07-29T11:14:31.987" Score="2" ViewCount="9473" Body="&lt;p&gt;What testing tool to use for automating user acceptance testing?&#xA;The app itself uses react.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I use Selenium with various wait strategies, Jasmine or a different tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-03T12:42:37.250" LastActivityDate="2020-12-01T14:55:48.597" Title="What tool to use for end to end testing of SPA (Single Page Application)" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;&lt;spa&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28815" CreationDate="2017-07-29T11:18:14.060" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;nightwatch.js&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports = {&#xA;  'Demo test Google' : function (client) {&#xA;    client&#xA;      .url('http://www.google.com')&#xA;      .waitForElementVisible('body', 1000)&#xA;      .assert.title('Google')&#xA;      .assert.visible('input[type=text]')&#xA;  }&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One option is &lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;nightwatch.js&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;One example is to have a single page object file in Nightwatch for each entire site.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example, one site has about 200 lines of structure declaration and css selectors, and 200 lines for helper functions, e.g. login. There is plenty of &quot;click this, wait for that to be visible, now click this, now wait for that to be invisible&quot;.nightwatch lets you see the entire journey and the building blocks that can be reused, all represented together in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-29T21:32:17.530" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T21:32:17.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28815" CreationDate="2017-07-29T11:39:35.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Jasmine&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jasmine.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt; is certainly one option.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It has the 'describe it' syntax that will familiar to some from other BDD tools such as rspec for ruby.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It can be used in various ways and may be suitable for end user testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-29T21:20:44.843" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T21:20:44.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28815" CreationDate="2017-07-29T12:48:17.300" Score="8" Body="&lt;h2&gt;WebDriverIO / Protractor&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How about using &lt;code&gt;WebDriverIO&lt;/code&gt; or using &lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt; since they both are the JS like-version of Selenium, using Cucumber for the BDD syntax. We have a SPA, built using Angular4 , and we run almost 200 e2e scenarios, having vanilla JS code in Protractor, using the various &lt;code&gt;waits&lt;/code&gt; and it works pretty good actually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebDriverIO: &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://webdriver.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Protractor: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both use the &quot;describe, it&quot; format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;TestCafe&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Testcafe&lt;/code&gt; doesn't use &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; to work with browsers as other e2e solutions do.That is why it requires minimal test environment and it is installed with one command. Besides, this approach allows you to run tests on any physical device without requiring anything but the browser. Other pluses include writing tests in ES6/ES7, automatic waiting as well as the elegant and informative console reporter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestCafe - &lt;a href=&quot;https://testcafe.devexpress.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://testcafe.devexpress.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;CodeceptJS&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CodeceptJS is multi-backend testing framework. It is nothing, but a wrapper that provides syntax to write tests that will run in one of the popular test runners. You can choose from the following options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriverIO&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Protractor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SeleniumWebDriverJS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NightMareJS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Others&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The e2e scenarios written are almost kinda similar to how you write feature driven tests using Gherkin/Cucumber, so it becomes an excellent choice for BDD lovers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CodeceptJS - &lt;a href=&quot;http://codecept.io/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://codecept.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;CypressIO&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another framework that can be used to write e2e tests - in fact it can also be used to write integration as well as unit tests for SPA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CypressIO - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cypress.io/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.cypress.io/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-07-30T09:49:04.310" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T09:49:04.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28820" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28812" CreationDate="2017-07-29T13:01:40.210" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you see this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Unlock Jenkins&#xA;  To ensure Jenkins is securely set up by the administrator, a password has been written to the log (not sure where to find it?) and this file on the server:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;/Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/secrets/initialAdminPassword &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Please copy the password from either location and paste it below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or something like this, then you need to get the &lt;code&gt;initialAdminPassword&lt;/code&gt; and then login and then set a password. Please see the steps &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/38943610/1728790&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to do so&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, &#xA;         &lt;code&gt;sudo passwd jenkins&lt;/code&gt; should prompt you to set a password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T13:01:40.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28815" CreationDate="2017-07-29T17:27:27.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;jest&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If testing React, one option is to use Jest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/en/getting-started.html#content&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/en/getting-started.html#content&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const sum = require('./sum');&#xA;&#xA;test('adds 1 + 2 to equal 3', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;  expect(sum(1, 2)).toBe(3);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Complete and easy to set-up JavaScript testing solution. Works out of the box for any React project.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Instant Feedback&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fast interactive watch mode runs only test files related to changed files and is optimized to give signal quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Snapshot Testing&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Capture snapshots of React trees or other serializable values to simplify testing and to analyze how state changes over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Zero configuration testing platform&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Jest is used by Facebook to test all JavaScript code including React applications. One of Jest's philosophies is to provide an integrated &quot;zero-configuration&quot; experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I'm not sure if Jest is suitable for end-to-end testing as opposed to unit testing javscript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-29T21:19:33.490" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T21:19:33.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28815" CreationDate="2017-07-29T21:17:14.860" Score="0" Body="&lt;h2&gt;mocha&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mochajs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://mochajs.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the &quot;describe, it&quot; syntax&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Runs on node&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Usually paired with &lt;a href=&quot;http://chaijs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chai&lt;/a&gt; for the assertions (should, expect, etc).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Automattic/expect.js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/Automattic/expect.js&lt;/a&gt; for the 'expect' syntax&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://mherman.org/blog/2015/09/10/testing-node-js-with-mocha-and-chai/#.WXz6I6x96zc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://mherman.org/blog/2015/09/10/testing-node-js-with-mocha-and-chai/#.WXz6I6x96zc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-29T21:27:26.657" LastActivityDate="2017-07-29T21:27:26.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28823" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28837" CreationDate="2017-07-30T06:45:56.660" Score="4" ViewCount="18386" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my test, I need to wait for text until it will be loaded. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a list of countries and cities. After I choice country I must wait until cities will be loaded. How I can wait without &lt;code&gt;time.sleep()&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;time.sleep(2)&#xA;&#xA;select_country = Select(self.browser.css(&quot;#country_id&quot;))&#xA;select_country.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Russia&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;time.sleep(2)&#xA;&#xA;select_city = Select(self.browser.css(&quot;#city_id&quot;))&#xA;select_city.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Moscow&quot;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27175" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T13:44:49.193" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T13:44:49.193" Title="Wait until in Select element using selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28824" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-30T09:32:35.527" Score="1" ViewCount="12994" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to handle the dynamic path of an HTTP request using JMeter. But I am not able to do so. I have tried post processor in a previous HTTP request to get the next HTTP request dynamic path but it is not working. Please guide me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dynamic path:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jIGN3.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jIGN3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Path&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The complete path looks like as below mentioned an example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;abc.c_o_m/en/book/confirm/VZM5O/ARL715?tfk=tfk59771a9df0fbd4.08848159&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Post Regular expression:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PQ7NE.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PQ7NE.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Post Regular Expression Extractor&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After execution, I have checked in debug sampler but ${Path} contains only default value &lt;code&gt;i.e. 0.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27176" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T05:02:35.463" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T09:22:31.597" Title="How to handle the dynamic URL path and process the request in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;dynamic-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28823" CreationDate="2017-07-30T09:32:51.923" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the &lt;code&gt;waits&lt;/code&gt; that Selenium provides you in order to wait for countries to load. You can either use &lt;code&gt;implicit wait&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;explicit wait&lt;/code&gt; (recommended).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;read&lt;/a&gt; the Selenium documentation for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T09:32:51.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28826" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-30T12:33:52.073" Score="0" ViewCount="588" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning and doing automated testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to connect Firefox with selenium in the project created but now on of the experienced developer has given his code to go through and implement automation testing as per his approach using( excel approach). But when I imported his code in eclipse and copy pasted my code for firefox connectivity it shows an error saying can't connect to localhost...and firefox binary issue as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read about the error, it says that version upgrade or downgrade but the same code is working in my another project. Also, I added the jar files that I have in my project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please advice me on the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26227" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T13:45:26.820" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T13:45:26.820" Title="Error: Cannot connect to firefox with selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-08-03T04:12:28.127" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28827" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-30T13:11:42.840" Score="1" ViewCount="1810" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lets assume we have 5 modules in the application. Module 1 interacts with Module 2. We are in Sprint 15. In Sprint 15, there is new functionality added in Module 1. When the build of sprint 15 is deployed in QA, what must be the sequence of testing-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should we it be Smoke-&gt;Sanity-&gt;Functional-&gt;Regression? Considering, the answer for the above questions as yes,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoke is to check the build stability where we will check crucial features of all the 5 modules. Lets say we have 3 crucial features in each module, so we will execute 15 test cases in smoke test cycle. Right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We will not test these 15 features in deep. Right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since it is scripted, can we have smoke test suite as a standard one for each sprint? Of course, if there is any change in requirement or new feature in one sprint, then we will add/update this suite. So can we have smoke test suite as a standard one for each sprint?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generally how long should be a smoke test cycle? Should it be short like 3-4 Hours?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As per point 1, we would start with Sanity testing after smoke. Sanity is not scripted and is testing the specific areas of application. So in this case of Sprint 15, we will test the major areas of Module 1 and Module 2. Right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So when we do Sanity testing, we will test major areas of Module 1 and 2 in deep. Right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some say Sanity testing is done after retest. If that is correct, then after the bugs are fixed, we have to do a quick sanity test on areas of Module 1 and 2. As per this, the test cycle would be Smoke-&gt;Sanity-&gt;Functional-&gt;Sanity-&gt;Regression. Right?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or based on if we have enough time we would do regression, so test cycle would be smoke-&gt;Sanity-&gt;Functional-&gt;Regression. If we do not have enough time then we would do Sanity. So test cycle would be smoke-&gt;Sanity-&gt;Functional-&gt;Sanity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know the answers point wise and let me know if all the above points are right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27178" LastActivityDate="2020-02-06T14:10:09.053" Title="Sequence of testing including Smoke Sanity Functional and Regression" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;smoke-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28829" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28789" CreationDate="2017-07-30T17:50:49.050" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like your solution to show and &lt;em&gt;discuss&lt;/em&gt; the best. Let people experience what you experience. And &lt;em&gt;ask&lt;/em&gt; them to help you so you all can do a better job. Be aware of the fact that not everybody understands your problem as it might seem 'logical' what is wrong.&#xA;The best way to illustrate that, I think, would be to show a vague/ambigious report and ask people to describe, for themselves, what they think is wrong.&#xA;Then let people share their ideas. The more they differ, the stronger your example and case might be. Use that as well for creating your 'teaching material'. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guidelines might help if they support the thinking about what and ho to report. If people use them as checklist it will become totally useless. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And rejecting is always an option. Try to be provide information that let people help to understand why it is unclear. Otherwise you will become the guy that is always 'negative'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note: I think chatting with the bug reporters is part of the job. Having close communication is a great way of getting more &amp;amp; better information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-07-30T17:50:49.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28830" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28789" CreationDate="2017-07-30T19:01:32.813" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd establish &lt;strong&gt;good practices&lt;/strong&gt; for quality bug reporting and I'd have a meeting / session  / lunch &amp;amp; learn to present them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd use this opportunity to create, establish and document how a bug should be reported.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I usually make sure to mention that they should consider capturing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;URL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Date &amp;amp; Time bug logged.  Often automatically captured by the bug tracking system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Steps to Reproduce&#xA;This is the key section.  The section name here can make a really big statement here when it is specifically called &lt;strong&gt;Steps to Reproduce&lt;/strong&gt;, rather than just &quot;description&quot; or &quot;details&quot;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;In detailing Steps to Reproduce, I'd emphasis that &lt;strong&gt;These steps should guarantee the application developer can see the problem.  If the problem can't be reproduced it will usually be harder to fix&lt;/strong&gt;.  I'm a former developer so this argument means a lot to me.  It's also an easy sell being fairly obvious once mentioned.  Although it's not impossible to find a bug if the error can't be reproduced at will, in such cases the company will need to consider gathering other information such as server logs, data transactions, etc. to try and troubleshoot a problem and it will often be much harder to diagnose the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here I would consider some positive examples in the presentation, i.e.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to this URL&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter this data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click this button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;See incorrect data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Device / Browser / Version&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Screenshot.  A picture can say a thousand words&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Video.  If a picture can say a thousand words, a video can say a million&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Data used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Severity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequency&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd let any existing bugs that don't have all this to slide by.  However when a developer starts working on one of the pre-existing bugs, if they can't reproduce it, they should now feel more comfortable going back to the tester and asking what are the steps to reproduce this ?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also let simple typos and the like just capture the steps to reproduce and maybe a screenshot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your question about the three approaches, I would advise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not pursuing the poor examples.  Just focus on good practices and why they exist.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Creating and publicizing the guidelines as I've documented with the reasons behind them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not rejecting a bug but making sure that a conversation can take place to clarify it as needed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If patterns continue consider a group testing retrospective that you organize.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T16:33:58.807" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T16:33:58.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28826" CreationDate="2017-07-31T04:22:27.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should prepare one list and note down the configuration used by the team and cross verify weather those are available at your machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium version have  continuous upgrade. So better to analyze which Selenium version compatible with the browser version and driver version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If no info available then &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;download latest Selenium jar files i.e. Selenium for Java 3.4.0 &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;from here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Upgrade your Firefox version to latest i.e 52.0.2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download compatible &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt; for Firefox i.e. &lt;code&gt;geckodriver.exe v0.18.0&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;from here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have  java 8 to use Selenium 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T04:22:27.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28833" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28886" CreationDate="2017-07-31T04:53:13.077" Score="1" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to test a case where using an option given on toolbar I can add sticky note to the image. I am able to perform this but the stickynote disappears after click command in selenium code get executed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;ci-tool-top\&quot;]/div/div[5]/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/button[5]&quot;)).click(); // Command to select note from toolbar&#xA;&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);  &#xA;builder.moveByOffset(528, 421).clickAndHold().build().perform(); //Command to click on image so that note sticks on it&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24880" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T14:44:38.883" Title="Adding a stickynote on site using toolbar" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28824" CreationDate="2017-07-31T05:17:15.477" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your Regular Expression Extractor configuration is a little bit incorrect:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should change &quot;Field to check&quot; of your Regular Expression Extractor to &lt;code&gt;URL&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should amend your Regular Expression to something like: &lt;code&gt;/en/book/confirm/(.*)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your current setup your Regular Expression looks into the Response Message (which is &lt;code&gt;OK&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/200&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Status Code 200&lt;/a&gt;) and extracts the first letter only from it, which is &lt;code&gt;0&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example Regular Expression Configuration:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rL4OY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rL4OY.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Regular Expression Configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/37QVu.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/37QVu.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Regular Expression Demo&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/regular_expressions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter - User's Manual: Regular Expressions&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207421325-Using-RegEx-Regular-Expression-Extractor-with-JMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using RegEx (Regular Expression Extractor) with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://perlmaven.com/regex-cheat-sheet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perl 5 Regex Cheat sheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T05:17:15.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28835" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-31T06:37:56.603" Score="2" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I automated some features using a BDD Framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I pass a given URL, my framework should only work for certain areas not all the features due to access restrictions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a flag set to true if there is an access to the feature and when this flag is set the test should be run&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24567" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T10:36:09.467" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T11:26:03.347" Title="How to test BDD features that require a flag set in order to run?" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28836" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-31T07:56:18.933" Score="6" ViewCount="15926" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to know how to integrate/merge multiple extent reports into one single dashboard report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have multiple modules in my project.If I run for single&#xA;  module I will get report in my target folder.In case If I want for&#xA;  multiple modules how to show one single html report in extent which&#xA;  fetches all the module reports in one &lt;strong&gt;single dashboard.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone who has worked on this can some shed some light on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26123" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T14:20:01.570" LastActivityDate="2019-06-12T16:12:33.783" Title="How to integrate/merge multiple extent reports into one single report using selenium web driver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;&lt;extent&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28837" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28823" CreationDate="2017-07-31T09:06:16.760" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;strong&gt;Explicit Wait:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;An explicit wait is a code you define to wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;OPTION-1:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.implicitly_wait(10) # seconds&#xA;select_country = Select(self.browser.css(&quot;#country_id&quot;))&#xA;select_country.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Russia&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;city = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;#city_id&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)&#xA;city_dropDown = wait.until(expected_conditions.visibility_of_element_located(city))&#xA;select_city = Select(city_dropDown)&#xA;select_city.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Moscow&quot;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;OPTION-2:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;&#xA;select_country = Select(self.browser.css(&quot;#country_id&quot;))&#xA;select_country.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Russia&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)&#xA;element=wait.until(EC.element_to_be_selected(driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;#city_id&quot;)))&#xA;select_city = Select(element)&#xA;select_city.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Moscow&quot;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;OPTION-3:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select_country = Select(self.browser.css(&quot;#country_id&quot;))&#xA;select_country.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Russia&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;try:&#xA;    element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(&#xA;        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, &quot;city&quot;))&#xA;//---------use other element locators too like xpath/css_selector/css_name&#xA;    )&#xA;finally:&#xA;    select_city = Select(element)&#xA;    select_city.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Moscow&quot;) &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;OPTION-4:&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also try with &lt;strong&gt;Implicit Waits:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An implicit wait tells WebDriver to poll the DOM for a certain amount of time when trying to find any element (or elements) not immediately available. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.implicitly_wait(10) # seconds&#xA;select_country = Select(self.browser.css(&quot;#country_id&quot;))&#xA;select_country.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Russia&quot;)&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(10) # seconds&#xA;select_city = Select(self.browser.css(&quot;#city_id&quot;))&#xA;select_city.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Moscow&quot;)    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T09:06:16.760" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28838" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28842" CreationDate="2017-07-31T10:08:48.763" Score="2" ViewCount="537" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a class which handles when a CardView's drag gets started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been looking at tutorials for JUnit and I can't seem to find out how to start testing this method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DragDetectedHandler implements EventHandler&amp;lt;MouseEvent&amp;gt; {&#xA;private Stacks stacks;&#xA;private NextCards nextCards;&#xA;private Table gameTable;&#xA;&#xA;public DragDetectedHandler(Stacks stacks, NextCards nextCards, Table gameTable) {&#xA;    this.stacks = stacks;&#xA;    this.nextCards = nextCards;&#xA;    this.gameTable = gameTable;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Override&#xA;public void handle(MouseEvent mouseEvent) {&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Dragdetected&quot;);&#xA;    CardPane source = (CardPane) mouseEvent.getSource();&#xA;    Dragboard db = source.startDragAndDrop(TransferMode.MOVE);&#xA;    ClipboardContent cc = new ClipboardContent();&#xA;&#xA;    //IF from stacks or nextCards, we only need to deal with dragging 1 card&#xA;    if (stacks.has(source) || nextCards.has(source) || gameTable.getColumns()[gameTable.getColumnIndex(source)].hasNextShown(source)) {&#xA;        db.setDragView(source.getCard().getImage());&#xA;        cc.putString(String.valueOf(source.getCard().getNumber()));&#xA;        source.setVisible(false);&#xA;    } else {&#xA;        //Else we need to copy the whole stack to the dragboard&#xA;        Integer xy[] = gameTable.getXY(source);&#xA;        if(xy != null){&#xA;            Image ghostStack = gameTable.getStackImage(xy[0], xy[1]);&#xA;            db.setDragView(ghostStack);&#xA;&#xA;            cc.putString(&quot;Stack&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;        gameTable.toggleShownCardsFromColumn(source);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    db.setContent(cc);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far I have come up with this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class DragDetectedHandlerTest {&#xA;&#xA;@org.junit.jupiter.api.Test&#xA;void handle() {&#xA;    StackPane stackPane = new StackPane();&#xA;    PatienceController pc = new PatienceController();&#xA;&#xA;    Stacks stacks = new Stacks();&#xA;    NextCards nextCards = new NextCards(stackPane, pc);&#xA;    Table table = new Table(pc);&#xA;&#xA;    DragDetectedHandler handler = new DragDetectedHandler(stacks,nextCards, table);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem is I don't know what to assert for or how to get there. Any help is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27183" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T12:22:30.207" Title="Uncertain as how to test complex method" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28839" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28835" CreationDate="2017-07-31T10:33:08.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you figure out the screen or process or parameter that will you give you access to those features.  The application is designed to control access so you need to determine how to grant that access.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Frequently this means having access to an admin account so the organization needs to allow that process to happen.  Often the bottleneck here is &quot;but I can't put an admin username and password in my code in clear text&quot;.  That is certainly as issue - and a separate question - that can be resolved through a number of methods.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Probably the most important factor is that testing should be done using a test database with test database credentials and that instance is different from production with its own, different, admin credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T10:33:08.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28840" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28836" CreationDate="2017-07-31T11:14:54.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use the below code. &#xA;just pass 'false' as parameter&#xA;this will not replace your previous report with new one&#xA;and in the end you will get the merged report for all the scripts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public ExtentReports(String filePath, Boolean replaceExisting)&#xA; {&#xA;      this(filePath, replaceExisting, null, null, null); &#xA;}&#xA;public  ExtentReports extent= new ExtentReports(filePath, false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27184" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T11:14:54.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28838" CreationDate="2017-07-31T12:22:30.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first thing to consider is that you're going to need multiple tests to cover this unit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's how I'd approach it: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each defined condition gets a test: so there'll be a test method for dragging from stack; one for dragging from the next cards, one for dragging from the next cards column, and one for none of the above. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each test method needs to be split into at least two test methods: one to assert that the correct number of cards are moved, and one to assert that the state of the board after the move is as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Each object the method uses needs to be instantiated with a mock instance rather than the actual object so that you're not pulling dependencies into your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the code you're testing is not using interfaces to provide the functionality, you'll need to manually create your mock object instances with enough information to exercise your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will also need to create a mock mouse event with the exact properties you need. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all that configured, I'd structure my tests this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;void DragFromStacksMovesOneCard()&#xA;{&#xA;     // Create the mouse event with the appropriate properties&#xA;     // Use helper methods to instantiate the mock objects&#xA;     // This includes instantiating the clipboard content&#xA;&#xA;     // call handle(mouseEvent) with the newly created event&#xA;&#xA;     // Assert that the number of cards in the clipboard content has increased by one.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T12:22:30.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28844" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-07-31T13:48:56.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A single-page application (SPA), also known as single-page interface (SPI), is a web application or web site that fits on a single web page with the goal of providing a more fluid user experience akin to a desktop application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-page_application&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Single Page Interface in Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T06:13:30.950" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T06:13:30.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28845" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-07-31T13:48:56.587" Score="0" Body="SPA: Single Page Application" OwnerUserId="-1" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-18T08:06:15.497" LastActivityDate="2018-04-18T08:06:15.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-31T14:52:18.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Next to all the tips you already got you could also try &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.frontendtest.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FRET&lt;/a&gt; for your mobile web testing. You define the tests online on the website (no coding needed) and run them on real devices in the cloud (mobile and desktop). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27189" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T14:52:18.583" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-07-31T14:52:18.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-07-31T16:22:08.680" Score="2" ViewCount="1383" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to open a separate window from a link in my main page and leave the main opened.&#xA;I am using the following code to do so:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;self.find_element_by_locator(locator=&amp;quot;css==a[href='#/vehicles']&amp;quot;).send_keys(Keys.CONTROL + Keys.RETURN)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I need to do some stuff in the new window, so I try to switch the focus to it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;windows = self.driver.window_handles&#xA;driver.switch_to.window(windows[1])&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem:  - The window opens correctly but the focus remains on the main window. (in this case, the Error is that the index is out of range) When I make a Breakpoint and look into the &lt;code&gt;windows&lt;/code&gt; I see there is only one element in the list, which refers to the main page and the new page doesn't appear. I also tried opening a new Tab (sending keys Control 't' and then sending keys CONTROL TAB) but the problem remains (The window handles only sees one page or tab)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a similar &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45354850/focus-on-second-page-form-with-selenium&quot;&gt;Question&lt;/a&gt; but even the implicit_wait doesn't help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I saw many people having the same problem, but still can't find an answer.&#xA;Do I have to create a completely other WebDriver or is there easier ways to resolve this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm working on Windows10 64Bit / Selenium 3.4.3 / Python 3 and IE11 (IEDriverServer_x64_3.4.0)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27191" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:22:39.520" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:22:39.520" Title="New opened window using selenium doesn't appear in the window handles" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28848" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28873" CreationDate="2017-07-31T16:25:37.833" Score="5" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;From time to time, our end-to-end tests fail because of a markup change made by one of our UI developers - for instance, there was an &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; on an element but it got removed/replaced, or an Angular binding of an element changed, an element was moved to under a different parent etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that, &lt;em&gt;UI developers don't really know what, we, testers use to locate elements on a page&lt;/em&gt; and, hence, they don't keep automated tests in mind when they are changing the markup - it is quite easy for them to break our locators which results into us debugging and changing the location strategy which is generally &quot;expensive&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this a communication issue? Should we somehow establish markup change rules? What other ideas do you have to improve the process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T21:33:06.990" Title="Communicating markup changes between developers and testers" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28848" CreationDate="2017-07-31T17:11:39.543" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My approach to this is generally to let the UI group runs the tests themselves.  This way if they break a test they will know about it and have a chance to fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several key factors to help make this work:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI devs work in branches just like app devs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;End to end Test Suite stays under 10 minutes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of a continuos integration server like jenkins or circleCI to run tests efficiently&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Recognize that sometimes new or very different tests will be needed and that app or QE dev should be involved in writing the bigger change to the test(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spot new tests and potential issues up-front during ticket triage and make appropriate notes for UI to know about&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-07-31T23:24:05.830" LastActivityDate="2017-07-31T23:24:05.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28850" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30421" CreationDate="2017-07-31T17:52:08.120" Score="1" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've created an OpenLDAP docker image for local development environment and functional testing purposes. We have two protocols to choose from: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;ldap&lt;/code&gt; protocol - port 389&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;ldaps&lt;/code&gt; (LDAP over SSL) protocol - port 636 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I understand, non-secure option is easier to set up and there is no SSL impact on performance - tests may potentially be faster overall.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What potential problems are likely if we turn the SSL off for functional testing purposes?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T11:30:40.573" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T16:22:45.270" Title="Drawbacks to disabling SSL for functional testing purposes" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;ssl&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27249" CreationDate="2017-07-31T19:19:53.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could also share the code that you are using - like the &lt;code&gt;setUp&lt;/code&gt; method - to be easier to detect what pieces are missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just by looking at those variables, you're providing I could say that it would not hurt to pass also the &lt;code&gt;platformVersion&lt;/code&gt; and the path to your local &lt;code&gt;.apk&lt;/code&gt; file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24728" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:28:57.047" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:28:57.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="28856" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28857" CreationDate="2017-08-01T00:20:01.133" Score="1" ViewCount="95" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a lot of choice about specific tools and technology to use for UI automation for User Acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are good practices that should be considered in the architecture of UI automation for user acceptance testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T01:00:49.987" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T12:55:50.547" Title="Aside from Tools, Technology and Platform, what are key factors for UI automation" Tags="&lt;qa-architect&gt;&lt;test-architecture&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-02T11:20:20.567" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28857" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28856" CreationDate="2017-08-01T00:20:01.133" Score="2" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Good practices for UI test automation&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Technical Excellence for clean code and TDD&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write human readable tests as documentation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep tests DRY with helpers for repeated steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a BDD approach such as Given, When, Then&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform javascript unit testing with HTML fragments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that Happy, Sad and Optional paths are tested&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Page Data Objects for data being entered on a form&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a headless browser for browsers tests when possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a Distributed Version Control System to store test code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Examine unit testing to understand what is covered by them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure to use a set of wait strategies to deal with devices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of strategies for speed such as session control management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Knowledge and skill level required / available to maintain test code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allocate sufficient time and resources for fixing intermittent failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a separate test database, reset / rolled back after each test run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform user acceptance testing with selenium and a language binding&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use a Continuous Integration Server to allow for parallel running of tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Allow multiple assertions to address the speed issue of running in browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only run in different devices if you have experienced browser specific issues&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Page Objects for element selectors, actions and services (sets of actions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T12:55:50.547" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T12:55:50.547" CommentCount="4" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-08-02T11:20:20.567" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28858" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-08-01T02:56:21.673" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://behat.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behat&lt;/a&gt; is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;behavior-driven development&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;/questions/tagged/bdd&quot; class=&quot;post-tag&quot; title=&quot;show questions tagged &amp;#39;bdd&amp;#39;&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;&gt;bdd&lt;/a&gt;) framework for PHP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Behat is intended to aid communication between developers, clients, and other stakeholders during a software development process. It allows the clear documentation of testable examples of the software's intended behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T04:57:24.523" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T04:57:24.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28859" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-08-01T02:56:21.673" Score="0" Body="Behat is a behavior driven development (BDD) framework for PHP. &#xD;&#xA;Behat is intended to aid communication between developers, clients, and other stakeholders during a software development process. It allows the clear documentation of testable examples of the software's intended behavior." OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T04:56:19.317" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T04:56:19.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28860" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28864" CreationDate="2017-08-01T06:26:01.940" Score="-1" ViewCount="1283" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Error in cmd&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Users\user&amp;gt;npm install -g protractor&#xA;npm ERR! Windows_NT 6.1.7601&#xA;npm ERR! argv &quot;E:\\Software\\nodejs\\node.exe&quot; &quot;E:\\Software\\nodejs\\node_modul&#xA;es\\npm\\bin\\npm-cli.js&quot; &quot;install&quot; &quot;-g&quot; &quot;protractor&quot;&#xA;npm ERR! node v6.11.1&#xA;npm ERR! npm  v3.10.10&#xA;npm ERR! code SELF_SIGNED_CERT_IN_CHAIN&#xA;&#xA;npm ERR! self signed certificate in certificate chain&#xA;npm ERR!&#xA;npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this error at:&#xA;npm ERR!     &amp;lt;https://github.com/npm/npm/issues&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;npm ERR! Please include the following file with any support request:&#xA;npm ERR!     C:\Users\user\npm-debug.log&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;npm-debug.log ----- for reference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;0 info it worked if it ends with ok&#xA;1 verbose cli [ 'E:\\Software\\nodejs\\node.exe',&#xA;1 verbose cli   'E:\\Software\\nodejs\\node_modules\\npm\\bin\\npm-cli.js',&#xA;1 verbose cli   'install',&#xA;1 verbose cli   '-g',&#xA;1 verbose cli   'protractor' ]&#xA;2 info using npm@3.10.10&#xA;3 info using node@v6.11.1&#xA;4 silly loadCurrentTree Starting&#xA;5 silly install loadCurrentTree&#xA;6 silly install readGlobalPackageData&#xA;7 silly fetchPackageMetaData protractor&#xA;8 silly fetchNamedPackageData protractor&#xA;9 silly mapToRegistry name protractor&#xA;10 silly mapToRegistry using default registry&#xA;11 silly mapToRegistry registry https://registry.npmjs.org/&#xA;12 silly mapToRegistry data Result {&#xA;12 silly mapToRegistry   raw: 'protractor',&#xA;12 silly mapToRegistry   scope: null,&#xA;12 silly mapToRegistry   escapedName: 'protractor',&#xA;12 silly mapToRegistry   name: 'protractor',&#xA;12 silly mapToRegistry   rawSpec: '',&#xA;12 silly mapToRegistry   spec: 'latest',&#xA;12 silly mapToRegistry   type: 'tag' }&#xA;13 silly mapToRegistry uri https://registry.npmjs.org/protractor&#xA;14 verbose request uri https://registry.npmjs.org/protractor&#xA;15 verbose request no auth needed&#xA;16 info attempt registry request try #1 at 11:52:46 AM&#xA;17 verbose request id 91b84aeccc4b259c&#xA;18 http request GET https://registry.npmjs.org/protractor&#xA;19 info retry will retry, error on last attempt: Error: self signed certificate in certificate chain&#xA;20 info attempt registry request try #2 at 11:52:57 AM&#xA;21 http request GET https://registry.npmjs.org/protractor&#xA;22 info retry will retry, error on last attempt: Error: self signed certificate in certificate chain&#xA;23 info attempt registry request try #3 at 11:53:58 AM&#xA;24 http request GET https://registry.npmjs.org/protractor&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData Error: self signed certificate in certificate chain&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at Error (native)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at TLSSocket.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (_tls_wrap.js:1092:38)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at emitNone (events.js:86:13)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at TLSSocket.emit (events.js:185:7)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at TLSSocket._finishInit (_tls_wrap.js:610:8)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at TLSWrap.ssl.onhandshakedone (_tls_wrap.js:440:38)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData  error for protractor { Error: self signed certificate in certificate chain&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at Error (native)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at TLSSocket.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (_tls_wrap.js:1092:38)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at emitNone (events.js:86:13)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at TLSSocket.emit (events.js:185:7)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at TLSSocket._finishInit (_tls_wrap.js:610:8)&#xA;25 silly fetchPackageMetaData     at TLSWrap.ssl.onhandshakedone (_tls_wrap.js:440:38) code: 'SELF_SIGNED_CERT_IN_CHAIN' }&#xA;26 silly rollbackFailedOptional Starting&#xA;27 silly rollbackFailedOptional Finishing&#xA;28 silly runTopLevelLifecycles Finishing&#xA;29 silly install printInstalled&#xA;30 verbose stack Error: self signed certificate in certificate chain&#xA;30 verbose stack     at Error (native)&#xA;30 verbose stack     at TLSSocket.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (_tls_wrap.js:1092:38)&#xA;30 verbose stack     at emitNone (events.js:86:13)&#xA;30 verbose stack     at TLSSocket.emit (events.js:185:7)&#xA;30 verbose stack     at TLSSocket._finishInit (_tls_wrap.js:610:8)&#xA;30 verbose stack     at TLSWrap.ssl.onhandshakedone (_tls_wrap.js:440:38)&#xA;31 verbose cwd C:\Users\user&#xA;32 error Windows_NT 6.1.7601&#xA;33 error argv &quot;E:\\Software\\nodejs\\node.exe&quot; &quot;E:\\Software\\nodejs\\node_modules\\npm\\bin\\npm-cli.js&quot; &quot;install&quot; &quot;-g&quot; &quot;protractor&quot;&#xA;34 error node v6.11.1&#xA;35 error npm  v3.10.10&#xA;36 error code SELF_SIGNED_CERT_IN_CHAIN&#xA;37 error self signed certificate in certificate chain&#xA;38 error If you need help, you may report this error at:&#xA;38 error     &amp;lt;https://github.com/npm/npm/issues&amp;gt;&#xA;39 verbose exit [ 1, true ]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="22960" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T06:11:16.287" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T06:11:16.287" Title="I'm unable to install protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-08-01T14:01:23.563" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28862" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28863" CreationDate="2017-08-01T09:15:48.090" Score="4" ViewCount="353" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the login page, the user name, password and login button fields all have id/class name in source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So when writing web driver script, if the code gets changed then does the web driver code also need to change?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26565" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T11:46:37.367" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T18:57:42.807" Title="How much does WebDriver code depend on source code" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28862" CreationDate="2017-08-01T12:06:30.957" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your WebDriver code will always depend on the application code. That's why choosing good locators is so important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My preference is (more or less in order)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Locate elements by ID&lt;/strong&gt; - Unless the application generates dynamic IDs that are different each time the site is rendered, ID is the most stable and least likely to change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Locate elements by name&lt;/strong&gt; - Again, the &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; element is unlikely to change - possibly less likely to change than ID because form fields generally submit by name.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Locate by CSS class&lt;/strong&gt; - Less reliable because each time the site is re-skinned, the CSS class names can change. Additionally class name is not going to be unique.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Locate with XPath&lt;/strong&gt; - The reliability of XPath depends on how the XPath expression is constructed. The more it depends on the HTML DOM, the more fragile it is. I prefer to avoid this if at all possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also prefer to structure my code to minimize repetition, by using patterns like the Page Object pattern. The goal here is that &lt;strong&gt;each field locator exists in exactly one place&lt;/strong&gt; in my test code. That way when the code changes in a way that forces my test code to change, I only need to edit my locators in one unit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T18:57:42.807" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T18:57:42.807" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28860" CreationDate="2017-08-01T13:45:43.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you able to install any other NPM dependency?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apparently you are using a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/npm/npm/issues/6916#issuecomment-66866085&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;proxy which blocks NPM somehow&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;Maybe you could try use &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;npm config set ca=null&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to override it. (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/npm/npm/issues/6916#issuecomment-66862911&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Explanation&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T13:45:43.987" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28862" CreationDate="2017-08-01T14:07:04.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what changes has been made on the page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example suppose you have 10 element in login page and developer changed id, attribute value or other thing of 2-3 elements. In this case it will throw &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; for changed field So you have to again locate those element and update the locator in your script&#xA;Suitable option for this case&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Property file for all locator&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PageFactory &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in case some functional change done in your site then you have to again validate your complete test script as per changed flow or functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T14:25:07.683" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T14:25:07.683" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28866" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28862" CreationDate="2017-08-01T14:36:24.827" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Your test automation code directly depends on the application code under test.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Track markup changes&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/28848/5574&quot;&gt;establish communication between developers and testers&lt;/a&gt; - make sure your test automation team knows when there is a relevant change in the application code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developers themselves may participate in writing or supporting automated tests - this may be especially useful when markup is changed - an author of the change may fix affected selenium locators as well&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run your tests regularly on schedule on a CI server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Choose element locators wisely&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is important to be smart about choosing a way to locate elements on a page - some locators have a higher probability of being affected by a layout/design change, some are more or less fragile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the same time, your locator should be readable and unique. There is a pretty long discussion with multiple great points on the subject here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/27978/5574&quot;&gt;What makes a good selenium locator?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T14:41:50.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28867" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28868" CreationDate="2017-08-01T15:37:43.143" Score="2" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can a protractor test verify the location and order of text on page? Our application generates schedules that is comprised of divs in specific orders depending on the date/time and type of activity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the text itself can be verified but am not sure how to verify that they are in the correct order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: A needs to appear before B if C does not exist&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T15:41:42.507" Title="How to verify text order/position?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28867" CreationDate="2017-08-01T15:41:42.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is actually pretty convenient to do by calling &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt; on an array of elements - this would produce an array of texts which, what important, is ordered the same way as elements are ordered:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var divs = $$(&quot;.someCommonDivClass&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;expect(divs.getText()).toEqual([&quot;first text&quot;, &quot;second text&quot;, &quot;third text&quot;]);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T15:41:42.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28870" CreationDate="2017-08-01T15:55:42.187" Score="1" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;Explicit Waits are highly recommended to be used instead of hardcoded time delays. But, Explicit Waits still require a timeout value to be specified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The Story&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Up until now, we've typically used 5, 10 or 20 seconds using our own judgement of the speed of the functionality under test which has the &amp;quot;human bias&amp;quot; component unfortunately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem though arose when we've started to execute tests on different servers against different instances of our application which brought extra impacts of the network and different performances of the servers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, we've started to increase wait timeouts here and there to counteract network speed and slow application performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is, now, when there is an actual timeout failure, sometimes we wait for much longer than it is actually needed making the feedback turnaround slower.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;The Question&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What considerations should we take into account when choosing Explicit Wait timeout values?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've also thought about developing a system of weights for different instances of our application, which would dynamically adjust all the timeouts we are using inside the test automation codebase. Would really appreciate if someone would share experience doing something similar.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T11:30:22.147" Title="Choosing wait timeout values" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28869" CreationDate="2017-08-01T17:19:39.307" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather than observed response time, I prefer this limit: &lt;em&gt;The maximum acceptable response time.&lt;/em&gt; This may differ for different requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This becomes trickier, of course, when the test code and test environment inject delays over and above the system response time. So I sometimes (grudgingly) increase the wait times to account for those. And put in a lot of effort to reduce those test-induced delays.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If “maximum acceptable response time” is too painful to tolerate in tests, that’s a sign to reconsider what is acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T17:19:39.307" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28869" CreationDate="2017-08-01T19:54:36.227" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no problem having quite long explicit waits because my &lt;strong&gt;test rely on expected conditions&lt;/strong&gt; instead. So wait fails only when expected condition failed and so test failed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have two helper methods. Wait for regular actions expires in 60 sec, and for some extremely long calculations at 180 sec.  So I guess you can set those limits as config parameters and use different configuration values for different system architectures/settings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because most test pass, we are not concerned that for few failing tests we waited extra 60 or 180 sec. Our website and our tests are so complex that setup+run of some tests can take up to 10 minutes or more, and we have many tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are so concerned about &quot;fail fast&quot;, maybe you need a separate subset of &quot;quick smoke tests&quot; which you will run before full test. But even those would use standard (&quot;worst case&quot;) wait limit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should never want to have a test fail because test not waited long enough: Before investigating you are going to rerun the failed test again anyway, just to see if it is a persistent failure or just a flaky test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-01T19:59:38.827" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T19:59:38.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28848" CreationDate="2017-08-01T21:33:06.990" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, this is a communication issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any of the tests are failing this tells you that you have a change in the code that is not handled or you have a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should know that some attributes are also used for styling the page, maybe there is a good reason for changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To prevent this kind of issues you can do few things:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you should follow best practices to gets the selectors as efficient as possible to prevent any of these thing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;your team should know the kind of work the automation team is doing like  the automation strategy and best practices and this should be mentioned in a meeting and also kept in a wiki page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the automation team should keep a close relationship and communication with the all the other teams and also with UI devs to be ready for the changes that are coming&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try to involve the dev team in the automation process if possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If let say the UI devs are changing things with no best practices rules in mind then this it should be discussed in a meeting along with the side effects results like:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automation suite will have a lot of fails&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the team cannot rely on automation suite for results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a lot of time is invested in fixing failed tests due missing of a UI guideline&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the efficiency of the QA automation team will be affected and as a result you might have also delays in new builds since the time is not invested for writing new tests to increase coverage or for other tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there is no point in having automation if you cannot rely on it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Remember that the work should be done in a team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to identify the issue and ask a PM / TL / QA Lead / QA Manager with this if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T21:33:06.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28789" CreationDate="2017-08-01T22:03:47.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Team effort should do the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each project you should have a test strategy, you should also have a guideline with how a bug is reported and the flow that a bug has.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reporting a bug is an important activity, a poorly written one can result in a lot of time spent digging in the wrong places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each bug need to contain details enough to reproduce it and to have a clear description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What thing you can do to improve this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talk with the person that reported the bug and ask nicely for more details&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if no guidelines for adding a bug is documented and you think is needed then ask nicely in a meeting for this&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if this happens often then you should talk with the QA lead from the project, else the Project Manager, this should be handled by the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make use of meetings like &lt;code&gt;scrum&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;retrospectives&lt;/code&gt; and others to see what anyone can do better to increase the value and the efficiency of the team &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try to solve this issue in such a way to make a better team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;make small gesture if the bug is updated with better info, like say thank you once in a meeting to that person for the effort of writing better description for bugs, leave a sticky thank you note on the laptop, sometimes small gesture can do much&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things you should NOT do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talk directly with a person that has 2-3 level above, like QA manager, remember you are a professional and a team player and should solve this inside the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;simply reject the bug if you do not understand it without trying to improve the communication in the team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;showing the bug in a meeting and ask tell how to reproduce it or explain it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-08-01T22:03:47.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14181" CreationDate="2017-08-02T04:54:59.203" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've faced the similar kind of issue. Have implemented a work around that to submit the form by invoking the code &lt;code&gt;browser.submitForm(&amp;lt;locator of form&amp;gt;)&lt;/code&gt;.&#xA;It solved the issue for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-02T11:56:39.527" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T11:56:39.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28736" CreationDate="2017-08-02T05:54:06.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hope -D option will help to some extent. But directly java won't interpret the environment variables. You need to handle it.&#xA;The below link have more insight on implementation of the similar option.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2263929/regarding-application-properties-file-and-environment-variable&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2263929/regarding-application-properties-file-and-environment-variable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T05:54:06.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28557" CreationDate="2017-08-02T06:04:14.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am managing this scenario as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created jobs for each branch in CI.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scheduled the jobs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configured the jobs to run in the respective server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note:&#xA;My UI tests are having config.properties file to fetch the url.&#xA;Yes. Each branch will point to the specific urls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T06:04:14.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28259" CreationDate="2017-08-02T06:54:14.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Single sign on(SSO) implementation needs to be validated in combination with manual testing as well as with automation testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional validation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to test the application manually to ensure that the functionality of the application is working as expected.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To confirm the SSO, test with two separate logins to understand and confirm the behavior of the application.&#xA;When testing apart from the GUI validation, you can check the cookies and session variables for each logins.&#xA;The value of cookies and session variables must be different.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After this verification you can go ahead with the specific API validations.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;To validate the API requests, you can use Postman, Curl tools to script and verify.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastEditorUserId="7968" LastEditDate="2017-08-02T07:28:51.910" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T07:28:51.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28881" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="32566" CreationDate="2017-08-02T08:49:44.327" Score="2" ViewCount="65" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between window and winclass in Silktest? I find both to be similiar. Can anyone please explain?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22734" LastActivityDate="2018-03-15T15:05:19.250" Title="What is the difference between window and winclass in Silktest?" Tags="&lt;silktest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28882" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28888" CreationDate="2017-08-02T09:30:33.490" Score="2" ViewCount="2450" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some background first: we're developing custom mobile apps, most of them tailor made for B2E scenarios. At the moment, we're only testing manually. I know some people consider this a cardinal sin, but thanks to the maturity level of our developers, we manage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We'd like to introduce automated testing into our projects (new projects, but ideally also in apps which are already 'live' but where we provide support for). I have a good grasp of what (and how) to test in a UI/End-to-End test, but that seems to be only the tip of the testing &lt;s&gt;iceberg&lt;/s&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/15gNk21rjer3xo-b1ZqyQVGebOp_aPvHU3YH7YnOMxtE/edit#slide=id.g437663ce1_53_98&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pyramid&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know technically how unit tests are supposed to work, and the Internet is full of tutorials which explain &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to unit test mobile apps. That means: which frameworks/tools you can use depending on the platforms you build for and the IDE you're working with. We use Xamarin, but this question applies to other technologies as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My problem is: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; can I unit test in a mobile app? Roughly speaking, our apps follow the &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/General/Conceptual/DevPedia-CocoaCore/MVC.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Model-View-Controller design pattern&lt;/a&gt; and consist of the following parts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ORM/Database layer.&lt;/strong&gt; We use a custom ORM framework built on SQLite.NET which itself is tried and tested. I'm not sure how to write unit tests here.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Business logic.&lt;/strong&gt; This is actually a part which can be covered by unit tests, and most tutorials on how to unit test mobile apps show a testing example from this domain. However, when I have to write 20 lines of code to produce six orthogonal tests for a simple method which determines the type of a barcode (e.g. if it's an EAN code, a Track&amp;amp;Trace code, a loyalty card number, etc.) which consists of 5 lines of code itself, I get the feeling I'm a bit overzealous.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Calling external services&lt;/strong&gt; and processing results. We usually work with WebServices and &lt;code&gt;wsdl.exe&lt;/code&gt; generates proxy code for us. Because this depends on an external system, it's hard to unit test but I can probably 'fake' a response. Still, it looks like a lot of work for something where (in our experience) the problem almost always lies in wrong data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;View controllers / Activities / Fragments&lt;/strong&gt; (depending on the OS). We're careful to avoid the Massive View Controller anti-pattern; still, these are often the largest parts of our application (well, at least the most work to write). I have the feeling that this is the domain where we can gain the most, but I have no idea how to do it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Storyboards / Layout XMLs&lt;/strong&gt; (again depending on the OS). I'm not sure if this can be unit-tested at all, or that they should be together with their controllers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/mvc/overview/older-versions-1/unit-testing/creating-unit-tests-for-asp-net-mvc-applications-cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;some unit tests for ASP.NET MVC&lt;/a&gt; but I struggle on how to convert them to meaningful unit tests for mobile apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples which work only for, say, Android apps built in Java, are welcome; even though they don't match the technologies we use, they can be useful to future readers and I can probably convert them to something we actually &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; use in our projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22114" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T16:59:28.250" Title="What can I unit test in a mobile app?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28884" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-02T12:59:45.097" Score="1" ViewCount="6720" Body="&lt;p&gt;So far i browsed the same topic over the internet but not getting the right answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to execute the script/suite with HTMLUnit driver but it getting fail and showing exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception while taking screenshot&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver cannot be cast to&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understood it got stuck at Screenshot capturing code. So my question is . Is there any way to capture screenshot while executing script using HTMLUnit driver ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because in My framework  i'm calling the common takeScreenshot method from so many places wherever any change happening on the page like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;before filling the form --&amp;gt; after filling the form --&amp;gt; after submit the form&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So  i can't remove all those method call from whole suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-10-01T16:36:25.917" Title="Is it possible to take screenshots in HTMLUnit driver" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28885" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28884" CreationDate="2017-08-02T14:38:28.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The closest thing I've found is &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/selenium-developers/PTR_j4xLVRM/k2yVq01Fa7oJ&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this extended HTMLUnitDriver&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;For more context, see also &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36254656/not-able-to-take-screenshot-using-htmlunitdriver-selenium-webdriver-java&quot;&gt;this SO question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following the comments on that question, why not use PhantomJS, which apparently supports screenshots?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T14:38:28.087" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28886" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28833" CreationDate="2017-08-02T14:44:38.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This appears to be an issue with the &lt;strong&gt;driver&lt;/strong&gt; losing track of the click on the note as soon as the click on the image occurs. This is pretty common with some types of dropdowns, but applies in other situations as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution is to wrap the entire set of actions as &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// note from toolbar element&#xA;WebElement toolbarNoteElement = driver.findElement(&#xA;        By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;ci-tool-top\&quot;]/div/div[5]/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/button[5]&quot;));&#xA;WebElement imageElement = driver.findElement(/*&amp;lt;Some By for the image&amp;gt;*/);&#xA;&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);  &#xA;//Command to click on image so that note sticks on it&#xA;builder.click(toolbarNoteElement).moveToElement(imageElement‌​).click().perform(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can probably replace the &lt;code&gt;moveToElement(imageElement)&lt;/code&gt; with your &lt;code&gt;moveByOffset&lt;/code&gt; assuming that actually ends up on the image, but if you can find a selector for the image that will probably end up being more stable. Cheers :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24457" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T14:44:38.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28887" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28970" CreationDate="2017-08-02T16:50:34.950" Score="1" ViewCount="307" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently stumbled upon a new term I have not heard before - &quot;Recon testing sessions&quot; - from what I understand these are the very first manual testing sessions of a software when one learns about the software and generate ideas for future exploratory tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What things to look for and note, what techniques and strategies can be used for Recon testing sessions? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T06:30:17.393" Title="Recon testing sessions" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28882" CreationDate="2017-08-02T16:53:50.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Think of your unit tests like scaffolding on a building.  Everywhere you are going to develop you need a framework of unit testing in order to get it to all parts of the building (app code).  So as you approach MVC you want to ensure all your controller methods are unit tested.  You want to make sure your models bind to your database properly.  Then your automated tests sit on top of that and check the functional implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That being said:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data layer unit tests&lt;/strong&gt; - in general these get grouped with the application/business layer unit tests as the only data manipulations should be nested inside of some API which is done through the application/business layer (as it's custom it might be good to have unit tests that execute all the features of this, but I would combine it with the application/business logic where they overlap.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Application/Business logic unit tests&lt;/strong&gt; is where the bulk will be.  Some of your tests will add more code to test it then to write it.  Naturally you don't want to go overboard, but the goal is to ensure a solid test coverage so that when you run it in the future your ensuring no pre-existing functionality gets broken by introducing new code.  Keep that in mind and if a 1 time 20 extra lines of code helps ensure this, then it accomplishes the goal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;External Service testing&lt;/strong&gt; should be treated the same as the Application/Business logic testing.  The common practice is to develop mock services which mimic the actual nature of the real service with static returned responses based on requests.  This is important to not only ensure the full syncing and understanding of the service, but also to properly execute your code against the service in a matching way.  Once you have mock services built you should be able to unit test the external services the same as you do other code that hits the database. (Make sure you mimic the communication and network setup where possible too as that affects timeouts and errors etc...)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Views with the controller logic&lt;/strong&gt; is the user standpoint.  Yes Unit testing can help here too, but I find that it's easier to do automation in general here as if you execute the functional view it covers the view/controller logic by default.  It's important to verify this for coverage though.  If you go with unit tests then it's merely calling the controller via the view call method to ensure that the method called works just fine.  As you can tell this won't test the actual user interaction part, just the fact that if the controller is called from a view it functions as it should.  This is why I say it's easier to combine this with the actual functional automation testing in order to grab the full interaction of the view GUI element interaction as well as the functional call underneath and it ensures the user experience lines up. (This would need specifics for your app and could very easily be it's own question, so if you need more here I suggest you ask this as a separate question and give details of your app structure).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Story Boards and Layout XMLs&lt;/strong&gt; - In general the layout xml ties to external interfaces or certain gui structure for the pages.  If so, then this technically would most likely fall under functional automation and not unit testing specifically.  Unit testing should target the granular components and functional automation targets the user functionality and experience which matches to the use cases and story boards.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mobile&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;If you utilize responsive UI then your regular browser testing in various resolutions should work for testing the functionality and GUI.  The issue comes with device specific compatibility which is best tested on the device itself.  You can utilize emulators (include some of the hardware settings that are needed) or simulators (only the software part of devices) but I still recommend actual device testing for the user experience as usability testing is not fully automatable at this time.  There are some companies that offer services for automated testing against setup devices like &lt;a href=&quot;http://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sauce labs&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; with the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;wire protocol&lt;/a&gt; connecting with various platforms like &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Appium&lt;/a&gt; for apple, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.android.com/results/#q=emulator&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Android&lt;/a&gt; emulator, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/apps/ff402563%28v=vs.105%29.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Windows&lt;/a&gt; emulator can simulate most of the user interactions on those platforms as well as most web browsers.  Write the tests once and execute on multiple platforms. (Again this one is enough to be it's own question, if you need more specifics please ask this mobile part separately providing specifics to your application)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastEditorUserId="8480" LastEditDate="2017-08-02T16:59:28.250" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T16:59:28.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28889" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-02T21:56:58.273" Score="1" ViewCount="1494" Body="&lt;p&gt;It appears that the SafariDriver for Selenium doesn't wait for web pages to load. My test is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.junit.After;&#xA;import org.junit.Before;&#xA;import org.junit.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class SafariTest {&#xA;&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Before&#xA;    public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;        driver = new SafariDriver();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @After&#xA;    public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;        driver.close();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void testGoogleSearch() {&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://duckduckgo.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;search_form_input_homepage&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Hello World&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;search_button_homepage&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Images&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you run this with &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver&lt;/code&gt;, it functions as it should, i.e. it searches for &quot;Hello World&quot;, then on the results page, it goes to the image results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With &lt;code&gt;SafariDriver&lt;/code&gt;, it fails with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: An element could not be located on the page using the given search parameters. (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element that could not be found being &quot;Images&quot;, since the page hasn't loaded before it ran that statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is this expected behavior? Am I supposed to special case for Safari?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27238" LastEditorUserId="27238" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T15:06:48.130" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T22:53:27.917" Title="Selenium SafariDriver doesn't wait for page to load?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28889" CreationDate="2017-08-02T21:59:35.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have to account for that with an Explicit Wait with &lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeoutInSeconds);&#xA;&#xA;WebElement images = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(&quot;Images&quot;)));&#xA;images.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-02T21:59:35.687" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28891" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28899" CreationDate="2017-08-03T03:28:17.067" Score="2" ViewCount="14488" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to select an option from a drop-down search box as shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ts5Wf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ts5Wf.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML of the element is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;select2-drop-mask&quot; class=&quot;select2-drop-mask&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;select2-drop&quot; class=&quot;select2-drop select2-display-none select2-with-searchbox select2-drop-active select2-drop-above&quot; style=&quot;left: 130px; width: 707px; top: 338.2px; bottom: auto; display: block;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;select2-search&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;label class=&quot;select2-offscreen&quot; for=&quot;s2id_autogen1_search&quot;&amp;gt;Organization&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;input id=&quot;s2id_autogen1_search&quot; class=&quot;select2-input&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; autocorrect=&quot;off&quot; autocapitalize=&quot;off&quot; spellcheck=&quot;false&quot; role=&quot;combobox&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;true&quot; aria-autocomplete=&quot;list&quot; aria-owns=&quot;select2-results-1&quot; placeholder=&quot;&quot; aria-activedescendant=&quot;select2-result-label-5&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;ul id=&quot;select2-results-1&quot; class=&quot;select2-results&quot; role=&quot;listbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;li class=&quot;select2-results-dept-0 select2-result select2-result-selectable select2-highlighted&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;div id=&quot;select2-result-label-5&quot; class=&quot;select2-result-label&quot; role=&quot;option&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;span class=&quot;select2-match&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.example.tests;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.regex.Pattern;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;import static org.testng.Assert.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class Dropdown {&#xA;  private WebDriver driver;&#xA;  private String baseUrl;&#xA;  private boolean acceptNextAlert = true;&#xA;  private StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();&#xA;&#xA;  @BeforeClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;  public void setUp() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;    baseUrl = &quot;https://xxx.xxxxxxx.com/&quot;;&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;  public void testDropdown() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl + &quot;/xxxxxxxx/#/login&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='text']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='text']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;xxxxxxxxx.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='password']&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@type='password']&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;t@!L0rUAT&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;button.center-block&quot;)).click();&#xA;    for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;        if (second &amp;gt;= 60) fail(&quot;timeout&quot;);&#xA;        try { if (&quot;&quot;.equals(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;headerLogo&quot;)).getText())) break; } catch (Exception e) {}&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Admin Modules&quot;)).click();&#xA;    for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;        if (second &amp;gt;= 60) fail(&quot;timeout&quot;);&#xA;        try { if (isElementPresent(By.linkText(&quot;Role Management&quot;))) break; } catch (Exception e) {}&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Role Management&quot;)).click();&#xA;    for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;        if (second &amp;gt;= 60) fail(&quot;timeout&quot;);&#xA;        try { if (isElementPresent(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@value='Create New Role +']&quot;))) break; } catch (Exception e) {}&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@value='Create New Role +']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;        if (second &amp;gt;= 60) fail(&quot;timeout&quot;);&#xA;        try { if (isElementPresent(By.xpath(&quot;//main[@id='content']/div/div/section/div/div/div/div/ul/li/a&quot;))) break; } catch (Exception e) {}&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;name&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;name&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Content Creator&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//main[@id='content']/div/div/section/div/div/div/div/div[2]/ul/li[2]/button&quot;)).click();&#xA;    for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;        if (second &amp;gt;= 60) fail(&quot;timeout&quot;);&#xA;        try { if (isElementPresent(By.xpath(&quot;//main[@id='content']/div/div/section/div/div/div/div/ul/li[2]/a&quot;))) break; } catch (Exception e) {}&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    for (int second = 0;; second++) {&#xA;        if (second &amp;gt;= 60) fail(&quot;timeout&quot;);&#xA;        try { if (isElementPresent(By.id(&quot;select2-chosen-1&quot;))) break; } catch (Exception e) {}&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;s2id_autogen1_search&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  @AfterClass(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;  public void tearDown() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;    String verificationErrorString = verificationErrors.toString();&#xA;    if (!&quot;&quot;.equals(verificationErrorString)) {&#xA;      fail(verificationErrorString);&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private boolean isElementPresent(By by) {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      driver.findElement(by);&#xA;      return true;&#xA;    } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {&#xA;      return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private boolean isAlertPresent() {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;      return true;&#xA;    } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {&#xA;      return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private String closeAlertAndGetItsText() {&#xA;    try {&#xA;      Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();&#xA;      String alertText = alert.getText();&#xA;      if (acceptNextAlert) {&#xA;        alert.accept();&#xA;      } else {&#xA;        alert.dismiss();&#xA;      }&#xA;      return alertText;&#xA;    } finally {&#xA;      acceptNextAlert = true;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm getting this error when run the steps using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UVCv1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/UVCv1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27245" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T13:50:20.213" LastActivityDate="2019-12-27T10:38:19.580" Title="How to test angularJS search dropdown with Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28896" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28966" CreationDate="2017-08-03T09:00:01.493" Score="3" ViewCount="8191" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a number of tests which are run using Selenium and WinAppDriver. Sometimes the test gets passed, often Selenium doesn't find an element or click the wrong element even though it had passed the same test before. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure why this happening. It could be selenium but it is more than likely my code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions on how I can make my tests tighter to prevent this in the future?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a BaseClass where I've &lt;code&gt;SetUp()&lt;/code&gt; Method and The base class inherited in UnitTestClass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In BaseClass, I check if I can click a &quot;Maximize&quot; element if it can't then I catch it and ignore it. Sometimes it works fine and sometimes it clicks on the top left of my screen&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;following is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BaseClass&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ExcelBaseClass&#xA;{&#xA;    private string excelId = OfficeVersion.Excel();&#xA;    private const string AppDriverUrl = &quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723&quot;;&#xA;    public static WindowsDriver&amp;lt;WindowsElement&amp;gt; excelSession;&#xA;    public static WebDriverWait webDriverWait;&#xA;    public static DesiredCapabilities appCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;&#xA;    [TestInitialize]&#xA;    protected virtual void SetUp()&#xA;    {&#xA;        try&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;            appCapabilities.SetCapability(&quot;app&quot;, excelId);&#xA;            var initialSession = new WindowsDriver&amp;lt;WindowsElement&amp;gt;(new Uri(AppDriverUrl), appCapabilities);&#xA;            var capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;            capabilities.SetCapability(&quot;app&quot;, &quot;Root&quot;);&#xA;            excelSession = new WindowsDriver&amp;lt;WindowsElement&amp;gt;(new Uri(AppDriverUrl), capabilities);&#xA;            CommonMethods.keyCheck(excelSession);&#xA;            webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(excelSession, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60));&#xA;            CommonMethods.IsElementDisplayed(excelSession, new StackTrace(true).GetFrame(0).GetFileLineNumber(), new StackTrace(true).GetFrame(0).GetMethod(), &quot;CreateErrorIcon&quot;, &quot;Create error when launching Excel&quot;);&#xA;            try&#xA;            {                   &#xA;               webDriverWait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementTo‌BeClickable(excelSession.FindElementByName(&quot;Maximize&quot;))).Click();&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (Exception)&#xA;            {&#xA;                //ignore&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        catch (Exception)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            CommonMethods.ExceptionHandler(&quot;WinApp Driver failed to load Excel&quot;, new StackTrace(true).GetFrame(0).GetFileLineNumber(), new StackTrace(true).GetFrame(0).GetMethod(), excelSession);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UnitTestClass&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[TestMethod]&#xA;public void newExcelWorkbook()&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        base.SetUp();&#xA;        webDriverWait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementTo‌BeClickable(excelSession.FindElementByName(&quot;Blank workbook&quot;))).Click();&#xA;        webDriverWait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementTo‌BeClickable(excelSession.FindElementByName(&quot;Create&quot;))).Click();&#xA;        webDriverWait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementTo‌BeClickable(excelSession.FindElementByName(&quot;New&quot;))).Click();&#xA;        webDriverWait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementTo‌BeClickable(excelSession.FindElementByName(&quot;E  Sample Data&quot;))).Click();&#xA;        CommonMethods.IsElementDisplayed(excelSession, new StackTrace(true).GetFrame(0).GetFileLineNumber(), new StackTrace(true).GetFrame(0).GetMethod(), &quot;CreateErrorIcon&quot;, &quot;Error appeard while selecting the E Sample Data button&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception)&#xA;    {&#xA;        CommonMethods.ExceptionHandler(&quot;Couldn't find element&quot;, new StackTrace(true).GetFrame(0).GetFileLineNumber(), new StackTrace(true).GetFrame(0).GetMethod(), excelSession);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    TearDown();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27250" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T10:46:56.987" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:46:56.987" Title="Sometimes Selenium doesn't click an element or clicks the wrong element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28891" CreationDate="2017-08-03T12:34:55.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Refer to the HTML for the drop down,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;label class=&quot;select2-offscreen&quot; for=&quot;s2id_autogen1_search&quot;&amp;gt;Organization&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;s2id_autogen1_search&quot; class=&quot;select2-input&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; autocorrect=&quot;off&quot; autocapitalize=&quot;off&quot; spellcheck=&quot;false&quot; role=&quot;combobox&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;true&quot; aria-autocomplete=&quot;list&quot; aria-owns=&quot;select2-results-1&quot; placeholder=&quot;&quot; aria-activedescendant=&quot;select2-result-label-5&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In HTML, a select class would represent something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;option value=&quot;volvo&quot;&amp;gt;Volvo&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;option value=&quot;saab&quot;&amp;gt;Saab&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;option value=&quot;mercedes&quot;&amp;gt;Mercedes&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;option value=&quot;audi&quot;&amp;gt;Audi&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA; &amp;lt;/select&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code block that you have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;s2id_autogen1_search&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would work perfectly fine for the later, since it has a &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; tag, but would not work for the first, since it's a plain &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; and not a &lt;code&gt;Select&lt;/code&gt; element as per the HTML.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your &lt;code&gt;Organisation&lt;/code&gt; text appears after clicking on clicking on &lt;code&gt;Choose Organisation&lt;/code&gt; then you can do this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(locator for Choose Organisation).clear();  &#xA; //locator can be xpath, id, CSS anything.&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA; //wait for the drop down to load.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//label[contains(text(),&quot;Organization&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T12:34:55.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28900" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-03T12:56:42.017" Score="1" ViewCount="342" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Add User&quot;)).click();&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [unknown command [readCSV]]&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [unknown command [while]]&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [unknown command [storeCellValue]]&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;${AddUser}&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userid&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userid&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;${AddUser}&quot;);&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [unknown command [storeCellValue]]&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;${AddUserType}&quot;);&#xA;new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userType&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;${AddUser}&quot;);&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [isTextPresent | PG Admin | ]]&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [unknown command [storeCellValue]]&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;${Firstname}&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;firstName&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;firstName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;${AddUser}&quot;);&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [unknown command [storeCellValue]]&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;${MiddleName}&quot;);&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;middleName&quot;)).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;middleName&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;${AddUser}&quot;);&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [unknown command [storeCellValue]]&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userRole&quot;))).selectByVisibleText(&quot;${AddUser}&quot;);&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [getEval | ${i}+1 | ]]&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [addSelection | id=institutionAllowed | label=ALL]]&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;btnAdd&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@value='Add']&quot;)).click();&#xA;assertTrue(isElementPresent(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div[5]/div/div[6]&quot;)));&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [ERROR: Unsupported command [captureEntirePageScreenshot | D:\Selenium\seleniumIDE\Screenshot\test${i}.png | ]]&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Click Here to add more&quot;)).click();&#xA;// ERROR: Caught exception [unknown command [endWhile]]**&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T12:56:42.017" Title="When exporting from Selenium IDE to Webdriver, some commands are not getting exported. Its coming as &quot;Unknown Command&quot;" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28902" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-03T16:02:59.747" Score="5" ViewCount="555" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company we are developing a Desktop application and regression after regression we finally decided to implement the acceptance tests in addition to the unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am relying on &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cisco-open-source/qtwebdriver&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; project to use selenium in our application (I tested it and works flawlessly, we use QML to build the front-end and it's translated in XML). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I was designing the tests architecture, anyway, I had a doubt: how can I guarantee that every single test scenario is self-contained and totally independent from the others? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In web application testing this is not a big deal since the front-end is usually divided among multiple html pages and urls. The &quot;given&quot; preconditions can be easily guaranteed by requesting the right url and, usually, in the worsts scenarios, it's just needed to execute a few instructions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With desktop applications, however, it's a totally different story. You can't just ask for the page you want to comply with the preconditions. To get to a certain state you may need to execute multiple commands. &#xA;In our case many of these commands require 30+ seconds to be executed. &#xA;It seems like that the best way to test every feature, with their scenarios, is to execute them one after another, in a precise order. But that's totally against the testing principles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I am missing? Which are the best practices in this case? Is just selenium too restrictive for our needs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27261" LastActivityDate="2018-02-04T15:50:00.547" Title="Best Practice: BDD and automated GUI testing for Desktop applications" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;acceptance-testing&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28902" CreationDate="2017-08-03T18:47:21.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an alternative to feature-based testing, you can also test your SUT based on processes/use cases. Another way is to group coherent test cases into test suites. Then, it's OK to have dependencies between test cases, but test suites should still be independent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, IMHO, all these things are suboptimal—for all the reasons you've already mentioned. Personally, I prefer virtualization. For instance, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vagrantup.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vagrant&lt;/a&gt; is an awesome tool for testing; have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/cli/snapshot.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;snapshots&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Snapshots record a point-in-time state of a guest machine. You can then quickly restore to this environment. This lets you experiment and try things and quickly restore back to a previous state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, snapshots are often way faster (and more reliable) than complicated reset scripts. There're also many blog posts on the web regarding the combination of Vagrant and Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-08-03T19:25:04.707" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T19:25:04.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28905" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28909" CreationDate="2017-08-03T19:18:11.697" Score="1" ViewCount="1387" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using a baseUrl in the config file and some tests access links that have prepended/appended text to the same url that needs to be verified. How can I verify the clicked url while using the baseUrl?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;baseurl: dev.test.com&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link to be verified&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;this-dev.test.com/#/1234&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'this' will not change but the numeric values will. The environment will change in the baseUrl (dev vs staging, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T00:30:48.503" Title="Verify baseUrl with prepended/appended text in protractor test" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26628" CreationDate="2017-08-03T20:18:45.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I notice that the 'start time' in JMeter is the same for all of your threads but it seems unlikely your machine will spawn 100 threads instantly. You could try running with fewer threads distributed across multiple machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T20:18:45.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28789" CreationDate="2017-08-03T21:49:56.740" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Poorly documented bugs should always be countered by defining a mandatory template for logging bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary&lt;/strong&gt;: Define the bug in 140-200 characters. Usually it should be in the following format;&#xA;When you can't perform an action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Unable to perform [some action] on [some module/page/component]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When there is incorrectness or mismatch:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Mismatch in [message/filename] when [trigger action]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Steps to reproduce&lt;/strong&gt;: I recommend using Gherkin language to define steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;Given a precondition&#xA;When actor performs some action&#xA;Then expected results&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;Given User has forgotten password (PASS)&#xA;When User clicks on 'Forgot password' link on login page (PASS)&#xA;Then Application is redirected to 'Reset password' page (FAIL)&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expected behavior&lt;/strong&gt;: Usually the expected results as precise as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;The correct warning message to be displayed is #E4054: &quot;Please enter valid credentials.&quot;&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Actual behavior&lt;/strong&gt;: Usually the actual results; as precise as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;The warning message displayed is: &quot;EXCEPTION WHILE LOGGING IN! java.lang.AssertionError&quot;&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Build/Changelist Number&lt;/strong&gt;: The build number or changelist or version of the software being tested in which the bug was found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Environment&lt;/strong&gt; The environment in which the bug was found. Can be Test/Development/Staging/Production, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Attachments&lt;/strong&gt;: Screenshot / video of the steps to reproduce. Logs that are generated in case there are no screenshots. Any other files to support the existence of bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-08-03T21:49:56.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28905" CreationDate="2017-08-04T00:30:48.503" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can get the currently used &lt;code&gt;baseUrl&lt;/code&gt; from the &lt;code&gt;browser.params&lt;/code&gt;. Then, the only thing left is to properly match the url. For this, we can use a simple &lt;code&gt;toContain()&lt;/code&gt; or a more granular &lt;code&gt;toMatch()&lt;/code&gt; jasmine matchers (assuming you are using Jasmine test framework):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toContain(browser.params.baseUrl);&#xA;&#xA;expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toMatch(&quot;this-&quot; + browser.params.baseUrl + &quot;/#/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, I am also assuming by the &quot;clicked URL&quot; you meant the current url - hence, the use of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=webdriver.WebDriver.prototype.getCurrentUrl&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;getCurrentUrl()&lt;/code&gt; method&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may also need to tweak things a bit if your &lt;code&gt;baseUrl&lt;/code&gt; contains the protocol part (&lt;code&gt;http://&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;https://&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T00:30:48.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28910" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28932" CreationDate="2017-08-04T00:47:08.107" Score="8" ViewCount="1387" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a continuation of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28446/speeding-up-end-to-end-tests&quot;&gt;Speeding up end-to-end tests&lt;/a&gt; topic, but a more specific one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, it takes &lt;em&gt;~5 hours&lt;/em&gt; for our daily end-to-end testing run to complete. What can we do to improve on speed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Details:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;~1024 tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests are written in Protractor/Jasmine &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests are executed remotely on BrowserStack using a single session&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a local build of the application is under test - using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/local-testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;local&quot; BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; flag to allow local connections&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it is Chrome, Windows 10 only at this moment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to tackle flakiness, we've &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/24960290/771848&quot;&gt;intentionally slowed down Protractor's Control Flow by 150ms&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that we have a lot of tests and end-to-end tests are generally slow, but I hope we can cut the execution speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know if any more details are needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2018-11-07T08:18:33.790" Title="End-to-end tests are running for 5 hours" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28911" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-04T06:23:53.030" Score="1" ViewCount="21505" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Selenium WebDriver. I'm trying to automate a search function on a particular page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y17lv.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y17lv.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;search icon&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a search input box and a search button (actually, it is a search icon) next to it. I'm able to identify the search box &amp;amp; enter (search) data into the box. But the problem is in identifying the search icon. Inspecting with Firebug shows it has 3 matching nodes. I see all 3 of them have identical attributes &amp;amp; values. The tag name indicates the search icon is an image file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;img id=&quot;search-icon&quot; style=&quot;width:auto; height:23px&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='/sites/all/themes/hjknewstheme/images/searchicon.png'&quot; src=&quot;/sites/all/themes/hjknewstheme/images/gray_search.svg&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get Selenium identify the locator for this element? I tried using ID &amp;amp; also customized XPath. Neither one is working. Any help in handling this issue would be greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's the Xpath I used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElementByXPath(&quot;//img[@src='/sites/all/themes/hjknewstheme/images/gray_search.svg']&quot;).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also used &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; as a locator. That didn't work either. Here's a snippet of the search icon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r9zQj.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/r9zQj.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;search icon[![][1]][1]&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The search icon image is at the beginning of my post.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27269" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T10:09:43.637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T07:02:14.697" Title="Locator has 3 matching nodes. How to get Selenium identify the required element?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28912" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-04T08:57:30.580" Score="1" ViewCount="501" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile methodologies, UI changes rapidly and its very tough to maintain automated regression suite. &#xA;Is there any approach, with which we can update it automatically or at  least minimize the maintenance efforts.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18700" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T11:04:39.633" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T14:38:52.643" Title="In Automation how can I automatically update web object identifier values (xpath, id, name, etc) as UI changes sprint by sprint?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;testing-practice&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28913" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-04T09:13:54.607" Score="0" ViewCount="1149" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to prepare a POC using Sikuli. Can any one suggest me what is the best approach to use Sikuli for a windows based application ? Should I use Java with Eclipse or the Sikuli IDE itself?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27275" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T14:58:57.650" LastActivityDate="2021-04-17T21:53:02.353" Title="Sikuli IDE or Eclipse/JAVA for windows based application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;sikuli&gt;&lt;testing-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28911" CreationDate="2017-08-04T09:51:15.433" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe it is not a best solution but arguably the easiest one. Find all your elements, using  &lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;your locator here&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then refer to it by element id in list of elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21382" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T09:51:15.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28915" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-04T10:52:27.917" Score="1" ViewCount="704" Body="&lt;p&gt;In database testing,  I learnt sql queries and then compare the expected and actual result.  Like this if I search for the GUI elements parameters, the DB entries will be displayed in the DB I can compare the expected and actual.    This is the process I am following now.  May I know I am doing it right?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I couldn't get any bug. If there were more than 100,1000 pieces of data, it will take time to check and if it repeats the case takes more time. So should every tester go for automating or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerDisplayName="user24314" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T11:33:38.503" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T04:11:08.190" Title="Automating database testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28912" CreationDate="2017-08-04T10:58:55.640" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all follow the Page Object Model architecture to least the efforts. For reference follow the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.guru99.com/page-object-model-pom-page-factory-in-selenium-ultimate-guide.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further QA testing companies while automating a test case or scenario prioritize the use the identifiers in order &lt;code&gt;id &amp;gt; class &amp;gt; name &amp;gt; CSS&lt;/code&gt; and then least priority will be &lt;code&gt;Xpath&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Xpath&lt;/code&gt; should not be used as priority because whenever there are changes in the UI &lt;code&gt;Xpath&lt;/code&gt; of the locators always changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also the locators should be stored in variables, So that whenever there are changes in values of locators the locator should be updated only in variable and it can be used in different functions. like e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;loginButton = Login; //here we are using id for Login&#xA;getDriver().findElement(By.id(loginButton)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We should avoid the use of locators directly in functions like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;getDriver().findElement(By.id(&quot;Login&quot;)).click();&#xA;isElementPresent(By.id(&quot;Login&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case we have to update the value of login button twice, So we should avoid the scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;loginButton = Login;&#xA;getDriver().findElement(By.id(loginButton)).click();&#xA;isElementPresent(By.id(loginButton));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above example we simply have to update the value of loginButton and it will be reflected and can be used in both the functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="18010" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T11:05:51.777" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T11:05:51.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28912" CreationDate="2017-08-04T11:33:03.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO, if your UI changes so often that your tests become utterly redundant over a single Sprint - which I am assuming is a 10-15 day period, then the actual issue lies with your UI developers rather than the QA/Testing team. Your UI team should focus on how to minimize the extent of impact of their changes. Completing a project, on time, with good quality, is dependent of the whole team - not just the QA team. If one team is poor in their implementation, then sooner or later, it is going to impact the overall quality of the product delivered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, changing UI - even if it is not that frequent poses difficulties for testers, particularly, who are trying to write automated e2e tests, or tests in general using tools like Selenium, which rely on the underlying HTML for their implementation. Here are a few practises you can follow to minimize the changes that you do in your codebase -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use Page Object Model - There are like hundreds of article on the web regarding how POM can be beneficial when it comes to rapidly changing environments. You can follow the POM principles, which would radically reduce the amount of changes that you need to make in your codebase once changes from frontend are done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rely on Good Locators - When I say good locators, then I put emphasis on using a lot less of brittle locator - for example absolute xpaths or even Xpaths in general. The good people of SQA community have answered this in a very detailed way &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27978/what-makes-a-good-selenium-locator&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Implementing these really helps your codebase (I have added these to my framework and it does wonders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Relying Less on UI for Testing - Don’t just utilize the UI for smoke testing if the UI / Application / Workflows change drastically and very often. Most of the time it is also helpful to test certain functionalities by calling WebServices without any Web-UI&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T11:33:03.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26043" CreationDate="2017-08-04T11:33:07.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not that much familiar with intern.js. But I've worked in webdriver.io - with Mocha.&#xA;In that, achieved the abstract tests by created custom modules for the commonly used functions(for example, populating the input test data email id) and imported the modules in individual tests wherever it required. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T11:33:07.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28919" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28915" CreationDate="2017-08-04T12:02:11.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If most or all of your processing and data manipulation happens at the GUI or server end, you can get away with manual checks of the database to make sure of things like checking that you don't get orphaned records when you delete, that any database auditing happens, and so forth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a lot of processing and data manipulation happening in the database, you may want to employ one of the database unit testing tools to check that processing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all you are looking for is checking that the records match a baseline, that can be done with some simple scripting in any language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every tester who works with database driven software should know enough SQL to inspect database records, but whether it's necessary to automate the database checks will depend a lot on the nature of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T12:02:11.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28920" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-04T12:16:05.823" Score="0" ViewCount="1852" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made a number of tests using Selenium with a Page Object Model pattern. I'm trying to pass a By so I can access an element by its name. However in my PageFactory.InitElements(excelSession,  ribbon); method I get an exception of Type of member 'By' is not IWebElement or IList. Is there a way to get this method to accept By?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like it will only an IWebElement parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public class ExcelRibbon&#xA;    {&#xA;    [FindsBy(How = How.Name, Using = &quot;Create&quot;)]&#xA;    [CacheLookup]&#xA;    public By Create { get; set; }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where I receive my error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static ExcelRibbon ribbon = new ExcelRibbon();&#xA;PageFactory.InitElements(excelSession,  ribbon);&#xA;webDriverWait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementExists(ribbon.Create));&#xA;webDriverWait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(excelSession.FindElement(ribbon.Create))).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27250" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T18:11:22.740" Title="Type of member 'By' is not IWebElement or IList&lt;IWebElement&gt; C#" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28912" CreationDate="2017-08-04T14:27:38.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even if UI changes, there is no reason to change IDs and names of element which are moved around or CSS styling changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if your GUI designers are making changes like that (renaming existing items), your (QA) manager needs to talk to dev manager. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a business decision: such changes will break existing test, and efforts will have to be spent to fix such tests. If business decides such make-work is waste, developers will have to stop making such unnecessary name changes. If business decides it is important for creative freedom of GUI designers: such freedom has a cost. Even if not paid by GUI developers, it is paid by company as a whole, by QA which will be fixing old test instead of creating new ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it assumes best practices like naming conventions, Page Object etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T14:27:38.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28912" CreationDate="2017-08-04T14:38:52.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Have the UI devs run the tests as they make their changes.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll need to set up the systems, people and processes so this can be done easily and smoothly.  I recommend have QE's (Quality Engineers) on code review for any test changes so that they can advise on writing good tests with Page Objects, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T14:38:52.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28911" CreationDate="2017-08-04T14:48:52.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ad @dyymni said, if you cannot identify element directly, you have to use some scripting magic:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get list of matching elements, loop over it, and identify requested element by other means (some other attribute)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;identify a parent element which you can locate uniquely, then find sub-element. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All depends of the flexibility of the scripting language you use. I use Python (and try to avoid XPath if i can - and usually I can), and such &quot;magic&quot; is trivial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T14:48:52.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28913" CreationDate="2017-08-04T15:02:09.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Last time I've used Sikuli, I concluded the following: Sikuli IDE's one (and almost only) benefit was that it interpreted image paths as images allowing for a nicely looking code mixed with actual images. The IDE though missed a lot of features other IDEs offer from out of the box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://doc.sikuli.org/faq/040-other-ide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to use Sikuli together with other IDE’s&lt;/a&gt; documentation page mentions NetBeans and Eclipse, but I would first try &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Intellij IDEA IDE from JetBrains&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T15:02:09.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28925" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28956" CreationDate="2017-08-04T15:19:02.417" Score="0" ViewCount="52" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are switching to using &lt;a href=&quot;http://modwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/develop/configuration-directives/WSGIDaemonProcess.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WSGI daemon processes&lt;/a&gt; for different Apache virtual hosts on the same server and would like to assess the performance impact of the change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, we would like to have web-server specific performance/load testing results and application level performance/load testing results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Up until now, we've only used &lt;a href=&quot;http://locust.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;locust&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and a couple specific experimental load testing scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you usually test this kind of web server configuration change impact? What tools do you use for web server and application performance testing? What metrics should we take into account and present as results?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the quick and &quot;free&quot; ideas we currently have is to see how an end-to-end test battery execution time will change for this environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T22:53:41.453" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T04:09:37.330" Title="Testing Apache configuration changes" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28926" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28930" CreationDate="2017-08-04T15:58:05.757" Score="49" ViewCount="7493" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone provide actual data or scientific studies that show developers are (or are not) less effective at testing their own code than &quot;independent&quot; testers? I've seen many opinions but little hard data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;:&#xA;A few followup clarifications:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This is referring to &lt;strong&gt;system/e2e&lt;/strong&gt; tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are also two interpretations of &quot;developers testing their own code&quot;: an individual developer testing the code they authored, or more generally developers testing code that may have been written by other developers. Data for either one would be instructive and I think there are different considerations for each. We currently do both.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We use team inspections in most cases for requirements, code, system/e2e tests, etc., with the exception of unit tests. In my opinion this does mitigate at least some of the risk of the test author being &quot;blind&quot; to gaps in what is being tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm part of a team of around 20 developers, and until recently we had no dedicated test team. On my first project I was the &quot;software test lead&quot; while still doing actual development, and the expectation was that when you implemented a feature, you didn't merge it until you had also written the tests related to it. We also have a very good culture of celebrating finding (and fixing) bugs, egoless reviews, etc., and to top it all off we have produced very high quality results. In my opinion, it is possible for developers to be just as enthusiastic about breaking their own code as independent testers can be, if you have that kind of culture in place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just started reading &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/How_Google_Tests_Software.html?id=vHlTOVTKHeUC&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;How Google Tests Software&lt;/a&gt; and it seems we aren't the only ones who have had good results when developers are responsible for testing their own code. I haven't even gotten past the introduction yet but the whole idea of having a &quot;Engineering Productivity&quot; group rather than a group labeled &quot;QA&quot; or &quot;Testing&quot;, and those people working to enable developers to test faster and better actually sound very similar to my experience: though we didn't have separate titles there are people in our group that are known for writing tools to increase productivity, whether in testing or otherwise, which combined with the culture of quality mentioned above has proven successful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our management is pushing for creating a dedicated testing team. They've given a number of reasons, and I've seen many of these reasons/opinions offered in answers to questions like &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/545/how-does-a-testers-perspective-towards-software-differ-from-a-developers&quot;&gt;How does a tester&amp;#39;s perspective towards software differ from a developer&amp;#39;s?&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9411/can-developer-do-automation-test-for-the-feature-that-he-has-implemented&quot;&gt;Can developer do automation test for the feature that he has implemented?&lt;/a&gt;, but while I've seen lots of opinions (many from experience, and I do respect them as such), I've yet to see any hard evidence or data that developers are inherently less effective at testing their own code than an &quot;independent&quot; party. My biggest concern with moving from our current model to a &quot;separate test team&quot; model is that developers will no longer view quality as their responsibility, and I've seen some of this mentality start to set in on a project where we had a test team. It was an offshore team that proved utterly incapable of writing quality tests, but because we didn't ditch them until a year into the project, we built up a lot of quality debt while also allowing many devs to get out of the mindset of also being testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd like to push back on this idea of separating development and testing but want to do my homework first. There are opinions and anecdotal/experiential evidence that support both viewpoints, but I'm interested in knowing if there's any actual data to support one or the other (or &quot;it depends&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-07T14:50:04.683" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T13:35:34.843" Title="Actual data for why developers shouldn't be the only ones testing their code?" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;culture&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="12" FavoriteCount="20" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28926" CreationDate="2017-08-04T17:31:53.767" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR:&lt;/strong&gt; Devs write own unit tests. If you want different eyeballs to look at the &lt;strong&gt;unit tests&lt;/strong&gt; code, code review is the answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: OP clarified question: it is about e2e tests. For e2e tests, using separate team of developers is possible but adds different kinds of challenges. Added to the bottom.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related question: &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/545/how-does-a-testers-perspective-towards-software-differ-from-a-developers&quot;&gt;How does a tester's perspective towards software differ from a developer's?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality cannot be bought, but has to be paid for - no shortcuts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No studies, just common sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers should write their own &lt;strong&gt;unit tests&lt;/strong&gt; (and fix the broken ones), because &lt;strong&gt;most recent developer knows the best the recent changes&lt;/strong&gt;, and is in the best position to investigate the consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes &lt;strong&gt;no sense to use different QA test team to write and fix unit tests&lt;/strong&gt;, because they will have to &lt;strong&gt;learn what developer just learned and did&lt;/strong&gt; (and devs have in operational memory), ask them many questions why (and possibly create misunderstandings). Just huge duplication of efforts, &lt;strong&gt;total waste of time.&lt;/strong&gt; All those questions should be asked during the code review and resolved by original developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Separate&lt;/strong&gt; QA testers (&lt;strong&gt;if&lt;/strong&gt; used, a big if) are best positioned to write &lt;strong&gt;system/integration/e2e tests&lt;/strong&gt;, because those tests may (or may not) benefit most from different set of eyes, possibly using different unsaid assumptions, and sometimes using different programming language: core devs might be more concerned about performance, while QA e2e testers are much more concerned about the productivity (if testing needs to run faster for valid business reasons, buy more servers and run test in parallel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But often, devs are also writing system/e2e test, so they can fix any changes in the UI, because they are best familiar with the changes (and less surprising: &lt;strong&gt;original developer does not need to investigate what changed&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;E2E tests&lt;/strong&gt; are very different animal. With those, second pair of eyeballs &lt;strong&gt;might be&lt;/strong&gt; beneficial. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, no studies, just real-life experience earned the hardest way: by own sweat and blood :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our company, we use all three approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developers also writing e2e tests (maintaining tests written both FitNesse, old homegrown automation framework, and new test using new homegrown framework enhancing Selenium WebDriver)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;separate test automation coder (just one :-( ) catches up with e2e tests which were not developed during original development (business decided to take shortcuts)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tests are developed using hybrid approach and pair programming.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation tester (me) developed in-house framework for Page Object testing, and helper functions using it, simplifying the code and increasing productivity. But e2e tests rely on convenient reliable locators (IDs and names) for &lt;strong&gt;all semantically significant page elements&lt;/strong&gt;. Which is the root of the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can imagine, developers do not like learning additional framework, even if it improves productivity when writing e2e tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OTOH, when backfilling tests, sometimes convenient locators are missing. Workaround is to use flaky XPath locators (with all the involved problems - better avoided), spend some more time to develop CSS locators, or ask developers to add convenient locators (names/IDs) to existing code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adding locators is easy, but scheduling it is hard&lt;/strong&gt;. It may take hours or days (depending on developers workload, willingness to cooperate, and ability to switch context), and test have to wait for those new locators (and forces &lt;strong&gt;them&lt;/strong&gt; to switch context while waiting for improved locators), so &lt;strong&gt;adding locators on demand approach is far from optimal.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best approach (in our experience) is &lt;strong&gt;pair programming for e2e test development&lt;/strong&gt; (pairing automation tester with developer) to develop page object for new pages and smoke test touching many/most widgets on the page. Automation tester knows the automation part and how to do it, developer knows how to add locator when needed. Using this approach, adding locator and using it in a test takes seconds, not hours or days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Afterwards, automation tester can work separately without core developer to add more and more complex tests, reusing the locators. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;strong&gt;without this &quot;paired&quot; step, developing locators is exercise in frustration&lt;/strong&gt; for automation tester: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it either takes very long time waiting and swapping context, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;spends lots of time designing location strategies using CSS and other attributes which are available, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or uses flaky XPath.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are transitioning/settling/improving our process for pages using e2e test with Selenium WebDriver. Single-page application pages with Angular make it more complicated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Angular and single-page app design pattern also opens yet another can of worms: &lt;strong&gt;who is responsible to fix e2e test when page fails after UI design change.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My feeling is that test should be split into (at least) two groups: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;smoke test, developed by pair programming as mentioned above. Test failures (changed locators) are fixed mostly by UI developers themselves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more complex tests, developed and maintained by QA test automation team.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this requires &lt;strong&gt;very tight cooperation between developers and QA test automation.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a &quot;throw it over the wall&quot; approach (pages are dumped on QA automation without decent locators and without the ability to add necessary locators quickly and conveniently), productivity of QA automation will be very low, tests will be flaky and unreliable, and pushback against e2e testing as waste of resources will be strong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add to it the temptation to use automation testers with lower-level skills, and disaster is inevitable, as we can see from questions asked on this forum daily, which are trivially answerable by better locators and trivial amount of programming skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T19:26:10.593" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T19:26:10.593" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28928" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28241" CreationDate="2017-08-04T17:38:39.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not familiar enough with Jasmine or Protractor to post a competent answer of how to solve this with them, but here's an external option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write a shell script to grep through the test files and fail the Jenkins build if there are too many tests you have designated as &quot;flaky&quot;, or if any of them have been marked as such for too long. If Jasmine and Protractor don't give you enough keywords/features to incorporate all the metadata that script would need, just add comments with the necessary metadata to each &quot;flaky&quot; test. For that matter, unless you're actually running the flaky tests there may not be a reason to create a separate test suite for them. Metadata comments, the &lt;code&gt;pending&lt;/code&gt; keyword you mentioned, and a script may be all you need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T17:43:59.040" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T17:43:59.040" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28926" CreationDate="2017-08-04T17:46:51.363" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer: not hard data, but something from a personal experience.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently have a good representation of why &lt;em&gt;developers should write unit-tests for the changes they made&lt;/em&gt; (at least, critical and most error-prone parts if under time-pressure, as we are).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of our products is an AngularJS application, the front-end of which is being developed by several UI JavaScript developers. Our JS side is &lt;strong&gt;tens of thousands of lines of JavaScript without a single unit-test&lt;/strong&gt;. &quot;We don't have time for it&quot; is one of the explanations UI developers might provide when asked why. In other words, our dev side is not participating in any testing activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our QA team is trying to compensate for the lack of unit tests by adding more end-to-end browser automated tests (we currently have about a thousand of them), which basically &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;flips the famous pyramid upside-down&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has multiple consequences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we often have a manual testing period when we (QA team) find trivial issues which could be quite easily caught with unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sometimes this kind of issues make it further to staging and production which makes them more expensive to fix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;end to end tests are really slow and flaky&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it is often required to research an end-to-end test failure to find the actual cause of it - the feedback loop is really slow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we also have some problems &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28848/communicating-markup-changes-between-developers-and-testers&quot;&gt;communicating markup changes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T23:04:15.117" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T23:04:15.117" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28926" CreationDate="2017-08-04T18:19:00.650" Score="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;There doesn't seem to be a lot of research data on this; this is what I found: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Waiting for builds&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.parasoft.com/why-software-testers-cant-test&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article about &quot;Why software testers can't test&quot;&lt;/a&gt; quotes a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/96960515-2ea1-4391-8170-b0515d08e4da/entry/the_future_of_testing_where_do_testers_spend_their_time?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;survey from IBM&lt;/a&gt; (The Future of Testing: Where Do Testers Spend Their Time?&#xA; 2014):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;59% of those polled, the largest percentage for all the available&#xA;  choices stated that the one activity they wish they could spend less&#xA;  time doing was…”&lt;strong&gt;waiting for test assets&lt;/strong&gt;.” Dagger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This has also been my experience as a manual tester in the past. It even gets worse as you find some critical defects that block your testing. You need to hand it back to the development team and wait for the next testable version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shortcuts&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have read an article a while back (but can't find it anymore) that stated that as their company switched to a dedicated QA-team the overall quality of their product started to drop. As the developers thought the testers would test it thoroughly, the developers stopped most of their testing efforts. Their work got only a little bit worse because they didn't find obvious issues instantly. The testers were under more time pressure than the developers. They were lagging behind, while the company wanted to ship. The testers started taking larger and larger shortcuts, missing more and more important issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a personal note, fixing issues found by a separate team are harder to fix due to context-switching and forgetting how that feature was built. This should be provable with data: there is a lot of research about &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sprk-d.com/blog/the-myth-of-multitasking/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;multitasking and context-switching&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Companies are cutting their QA-teams&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://spectrum.ieee.org/view-from-the-valley/computing/software/yahoos-engineers-move-to-coding-without-a-net&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Yahoo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://go.forrester.com/blogs/11-02-17-want_better_quality_fire_your_qa_team/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Unknown&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dedicated QA-team&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am all for a QA-group, as long the members are part of dedicated software development teams. Where they help with the whole team approach to quality and quality-build-in. Preferably helping the team to do test-first practices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But having a dedicated test team that you hand over a testable product to... that feels like a horror I hope to never again experience in my life. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I love &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/news/2013/02/swarming-agile-teams-deliver&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;swarming&lt;/a&gt;. Swarming the requirements, swarming the architecture &amp;amp; design, swarming to create automated tests and code, swarming to refactor and then swarm exploratory testing sessions as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Training&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can train developers to switch between build-thinking and critical-thinking. Having critique on the product is just another mindset. Most developers are smart enough to be able to master these skills. You just have to motivate them that it is important. I truly believe a very good developer must also be a very good tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T06:34:10.323" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T06:34:10.323" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28931" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28910" CreationDate="2017-08-04T18:32:01.287" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you build your tests so that each test can run in isolation. Then you can scale your testruns by running them in parallel. Testing in isolation maybe a bit slower for the individual tests, but it is the only way to scale a larger test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I would research which tests to can be removed or moved down the ladder of the test-pyramid. Most single slow end-2-end-tests could also be a couple of faster integration and or unit-tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T18:32:01.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28910" CreationDate="2017-08-04T18:50:41.070" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few things to &lt;em&gt;consider&lt;/em&gt; come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Only run in Chrome&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Controversial huh?  Let me explain more fully though.  My question for multi-browser and indeed multi-device (responsive web sites) testing is always what kind of browser / device specific issues have we seen and do we expect to see?  How many browser specific errors have occurred in the last year.  &lt;strong&gt;That's the first question.&lt;/strong&gt;  frequently the answer is &lt;strong&gt;yes but the business demands that we support x,y,z, versions a,b  and it means hundreds's of thousands of dollars a year...&lt;/strong&gt;  and before you know it &lt;em&gt;boom&lt;/em&gt; everything takes 6 times longer for those combinations...  So there is a second piece - blue/green releases.  This is the process of being able to release two versions at once.  The idea is that you release a &lt;em&gt;small&lt;/em&gt; percentage of one version.  You can start with 1% and then you monitor that version and the browser breakdown and if you see a browser specific issue you can roll back the new release to 0% and the old release to 100% and then investigate the issue.  You'll only have affected a very small number of users, but you know that 100% coverage of every device ever doesn't ever happen either.  The key point is not much money loss or customer inconvenience.  The reason behind all of this is to &lt;strong&gt;speed up development&lt;/strong&gt; and head towards waiting for minutes for full test runs rather than hours or days and thus enabling continuous integration and continuous delivery.  This requires that there be a role for analysts who monitor the staged releases to know when there issues.  Sometime you pick a quiet time of the day (depending on market) to do the release to avoid issues with user sessions, cookies, etc.  May take a little fiddling here to get it right but I've seen it done.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Session adaptation&lt;br&gt;&#xA;What this means is look into a way that you can get to a particular point in the UI by going &lt;strong&gt;directly&lt;/strong&gt; to that page.  Users may need to go through many pages but there are ways to set test sessions to just go to the desired page.  With multi form page workflows that can be very significant.  One example of this is ruby-rspec-capybara and the rack session gem &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/railsware/rack_session_access&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/railsware/rack_session_access&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parallelism&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Not really sure from your answer if you are doing this but you definitely want to use the cheapo power of multiple virtual machines in the cloud to speed up tests.  You'll need to make sure the tests are independent from each other which you should be doing, e.g. correct setup and teardown procedures for each test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run headless&lt;br&gt;&#xA;There are a couple of flavors here.  First is using a headless browser like phantomjs but we've found it only works for some tests, mostly non-js ones.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The other (exciting) news here in 2017 is that google has produce a headless version of chrome, now available for download at &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2017/04/headless-chrome&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2017/04/headless-chrome&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I haven't played with it yet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tag browsers specific tests&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Tag tests to only run other browser tests for certain functions&#xA;You may now from experience which pages or areas have historically have multi-browser issues.  Based on this knowledge pick out a subset of tests that you want to run in the other browser(s), tag them appropriately and then setup the full suite to use those tags in runs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get funding dollars&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Make the case to management for more funding for the vm's and other tools.&#xA;So the tests take 5 hours.  Lets say that means that 4 people have to wait a couple of times week for that.  So that is 40 hours in lag time, in other words a full developers time.  If a developer costs $70,000 a year, how much should you spend on vm's in comparison ?  The fact they are different cost centers on different budgets, blah blah should not be an excuse for doing the right thing for the overall business finances.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-04T19:17:16.620" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T19:17:16.620" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28926" CreationDate="2017-08-04T20:04:05.583" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Disclaimer: this answer is purely based on personal, anecdotal experience.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my 10 years as a Software Developer, I have known 4 different situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;no tester (besides myself),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tester in another team, large delay (weeks),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tester in another team, short delay (hours),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tester in same team, short delay (hours/days).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that Unit-Tests were always on my end, the tester instead would be in charge of high-level tests, either manual or automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Spoiler: the subjective evaluation of the quality of the delivery has informed the order in which I listed the situations.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tester&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First of all, in my experience having a second pair of eyes is invaluable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a different reading of the specifications/requirements help identify ambiguities (arising as the tester expects a different output than the developer),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a different person simply thinks about different tests to do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, as a developer, if I thought about a corner case, my code will handle and my tests will show case it. The issue, however, is about the corner cases I &lt;em&gt;didn't&lt;/em&gt; think about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, a professional tester will develop instincts of things that can go wrong and my (sole) data-point has been that they were much more &lt;em&gt;vicious&lt;/em&gt; in the situations they came up with (a lot more variations than I had thought of).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, a professional tester is invaluable when it comes to raising the quality of a project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Delay&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe simplistic, but my best experiences were when the tester would test &lt;em&gt;quickly&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Context-switching is generally branded as lowering productivity, however it has been my experience that is also lowers quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The better recollection I have of the data-flow, specific concerns, etc... the more likely I am, when fixing a bug, to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;avoid introducing another bug instead,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;think about potential other buggy situations and fix &lt;em&gt;those&lt;/em&gt; too.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that a shorter delay between production and feedback not only increases productivity, but also quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Them vs Us&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not had a problem with individuals, but I have regularly butted my head against &lt;em&gt;different priorities&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the Dev Lead and QA Lead disagree on the priorities, and this means nobody can test my delivery quickly, then... it introduces delay, and all its consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also engenders some degree of frustration; or even led to functionality being delivered in production before being reviewed by QA. I guess it could help keep developers on their toes... but I do not recommend it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Involve&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, my best experience has been with a dedicated tester in the same team, and &lt;em&gt;office&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By involving the tester from the beginning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the software is &lt;em&gt;designed&lt;/em&gt; to facilitate testing,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if necessary, testing-only requirements are incorporated in the design,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;being involved in the design, the tester knows the intended functionality and requirements (beyond the written specifications),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;being situated close-by, the tester and developer can ask for clarifications &lt;em&gt;on the fly&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter part has been instrumental in raising the quality of the product I was working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can &lt;em&gt;speak&lt;/em&gt; to the tester/analyst to ask for a clarification, you are likely to do so. If you can call them, you may very well do so. If it requires an e-mail... you might do so... but probably will not. Because you are writing the code &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt;, and you are not going to pause until they read your e-mail and reply. This is the difference between clarifying something, or assuming &quot;for now&quot;... and we all know how &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; ends up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same goes the other way around. Rather than waiting on the implementation of the test because it's unclear how to use your code, it's much simpler for you to answer &lt;em&gt;now&lt;/em&gt;. And the faster your reply, the less likely they are to put your testing on the back burner as they switch to another task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, interruptions can be annoying, etc... however, a once in a day clarification from one person is not the end of the world whereas a once in a day bug introduced is a significantly lower quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, my experience is that the best quality results from having a dedicated knowledgeable tester:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;involved from start to finish,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in close proximity,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;providing feedback in short order.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having them in the team is not necessary, but helps on all points, and probably helps switching the &quot;them vs us&quot; mindset off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: it does not necessarily mean having the same person to report to; my company at the time used project-teams which assembled people from different actual teams and put them together in the same office.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17302" LastActivityDate="2017-08-04T20:04:05.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28925" CreationDate="2017-08-05T05:48:37.820" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With Siege(&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/JoeDog/siege&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/JoeDog/siege&lt;/a&gt;), simulate the load and test for individual nodes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jmeter (&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/)-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/)-&lt;/a&gt; for application.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record the application flow and create script.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add the individual node's IP in the hosts file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute the script with the #of users.(Based on application's analytics, it should be finalized in capacity planning phase).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Comment out the entered node's IP and add the next node.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat the steps from 2 to 5 for each node.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T05:48:37.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28869" CreationDate="2017-08-05T07:24:51.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my personal experience, faced this issue earlier. Resolved by the below approach in our automation test strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Defined the value of waittime variables based on the request type and configuration maintained in a separate file. For example, for the page load, given more waittime, and ajax requests given less waittime. When execute in different servers, adjusting the values of waittime variables. The staging server, the values defined as like this, pwaittime(variable for Pageload waittime) as 60 seconds, awaittime(variable for ajaxrequest wait time) 10 seconds for our application. For production server, the values are updated as 20 seconds and 5 seconds respectively in the config file. Since the production server is more powerful with multiple nodes than the staging server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T07:24:51.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28869" CreationDate="2017-08-05T10:35:37.453" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider creating a good structure to support different test speed requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example classify test speed as normal, slow and extra-slow.  Make the standard 'normal'.  Then identify those tests that can be slower and allow them to have longer explicit waits with the longest waits being used for extra-slow test processes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you identify the slow tests, tag them as slow or extra-slow and adjust the test runner to use these waits for the appropriately tagged tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, examine the tests in detail.  Slow tests are commonly due to using real services, backends and dependencies.  Stubbing and Mocking these dependencies, even for user acceptance tests, can address the underlying issue.  If you experience a lot of slowness due to dependency issues in user acceptance testing it is a sign that you may not have enough / correct unit tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T10:46:48.773" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T10:46:48.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28940" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28869" CreationDate="2017-08-05T11:30:22.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer lies in another question: &lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; are you testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated end-to-end GUI tests check for functionality, above all.&#xA;But because you can have time-outs, you implicitly test 'performance' as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, test servers typically have less capacity than production servers, so you cannot expect similar and/or steady performance times. In my projects, time-outs between 30 and 60 seconds are a good compromise between speed and reduced test server performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Here's an idea&lt;/strong&gt; I read somewhere: after running tests, you will have&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;passed tests: no action needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;failed tests due to anything except a time-out: to investigate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;failed test due to a time-out: &lt;strong&gt;run these tests again&lt;/strong&gt; (automatically). If they now pass, the failure was simply a local performance issue. If they fail again, either performance is consisently below the acceptable or there is an actual bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T11:30:22.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5220" CreationDate="2017-08-05T11:58:29.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I'm wondering about how all these fit together in the grand scheme of unit testing, and, more specifically, Selenium WebDriver.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Webdriver is used for &lt;strong&gt;end to end, user acceptance testing&lt;/strong&gt;, running in a real browser, automation.  This is usually &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; unit or white box testing, it is black box testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is used with other technologies and approaches such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium 2 API&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;(Google) WebDriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium WebDriver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenese&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Watir&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On exception to this is a viual based tool for browser automation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sikuli Script&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit testing on the other hand is not about browser automation (though it can be about unit testing &lt;em&gt;javascript&lt;/em&gt;).  Products in this category:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;PHPunit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;NGUnit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HtmlUnit (headless browser)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;httpUnit (headless browser)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SimpleTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;soapUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Groovy - a language for the java platform&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for a PHP developer I would look at PHPunit for unit tests and then one of the selenium based products.  Usually you pick one of the main language bindings - java, python, c#, ruby, javascript, etc. to go with it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For php I would also explore &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/minkphp/docs/blob/master/index.rst&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behat and Mink&lt;/a&gt; as detailed at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/about/platforms.jsp#programming-languages&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/about/platforms.jsp#programming-languages&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-05T12:10:28.970" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T12:10:28.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28942" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-05T14:36:12.553" Score="0" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need to validate the http status codes of the pages of the website. Is there an option with Selenium webdriver to check?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T15:19:34.190" Title="Validating http response codes with Selenium automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28942" CreationDate="2017-08-05T15:08:30.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Found out solution for my question. It is not with selenium webdriver. &#xA;With webinject(&lt;a href=&quot;http://webinject.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://webinject.org&lt;/a&gt;) tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample snippet from testcase.xml:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;testcases repeat=&quot;1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA; &amp;lt;case&#xA;   id=&quot;1&quot;&#xA;   description1=&quot;test 404 page&quot;&#xA;   description2=&quot;Follow redirect&quot;&#xA;   method=&quot;post&quot;&#xA;   url=&quot;http://localhost/test&quot;&#xA;   verifyresponsecode=&quot;200&quot;&#xA;   parseresponse=&quot;Location:|\n&quot;&#xA;   errormessage=&quot;Custom File not found&quot;&#xA;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/testcases&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastEditorUserId="65" LastEditDate="2017-08-06T15:19:34.190" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T15:19:34.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28926" CreationDate="2017-08-05T21:48:34.540" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;From experience, I have found that developers are very effective at testing what the code does, but not as good at testing what the code is supposed to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first example that popped into my mind is a GUI I designed.  I tested the daylights out of it, and though it was flawless.  Brought it in front of my customer, and 10 seconds in he had crashed the system.  He was kind about it, but afterwards, I had to figure out why a system I had tested failed so miserably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer was that in my testing, I'd click buttons.  I'd do&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click button 1 - make sure it does X&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click button 2 - make sure it does Y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Skip button 3 - I know it doesn't work yet&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click button 4 - make sure it does Z&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How the heck did I miss button 3, when I knew it was broken?  Well, I did my testing so many times during the build that I developed a habit.  I knew button 3 didn't need to work yet, so I kept skipping it.  Then, when it needed to work... I kept skipping it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's plenty of approaches I could have done to resolve this (automated testing from the start would be one), but the anecdote highlights a key challenge for developer testing: we know what the code does.  In our head is a giant mental model of everything that block of code is doing, and we subconsciously leverage that model during testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can teach developers to do good testing, but I think you have to actively do so.  It's hard to step back from your own model and approach software from a blank slate.  That's why we have code reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14945" LastActivityDate="2017-08-05T21:48:34.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28948" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28952" CreationDate="2017-08-06T06:28:39.657" Score="2" ViewCount="475" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have create a feature file and step definition file, to execute by test cases using behave (BDD ), but i am facing one error, when i execute the feature file, Please find below to check by code :- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;first_behave.feature&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: My First behave feature&#xA;&#xA;  Scenario: Add two numbers&#xA;    Given : I have two integers a and b&#xA;    When : I add the Numbers&#xA;    Then : I print the addition result&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;environement.py&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&#xA;def before_all(context):&#xA;     print(&quot;Executing before all&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;def before_feature(context, feature):&#xA;     print(&quot;Before feature\n&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;#Scenario level objects are popped off context when scenario exits&#xA;def before_scenario(context,Scenario):&#xA;    context.browser = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;    print(&quot;Before scenario\n&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;def after_scenario(context,scenario):&#xA;    context.browser.quit()&#xA;    print(&quot;After scenario\n&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;def after_feature(context,feature):&#xA;     print(&quot;\nAfter feature&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;def after_all(context):&#xA;     print(&quot;Executing after all&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;first_behave.py&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from behave import *&#xA;use_step_matcher(&quot;re&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;@given(&quot;I have two integers a and b&quot;)&#xA;def step_impl(context):&#xA;    context.a = 1&#xA;    context.b = 2&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@when(&quot;I add the Numbers&quot;)&#xA;def step_impl(context):&#xA;    context.sum = int(context.a) + int(context.b)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@then(&quot;I print the addition result&quot;)&#xA;def step_impl(context):&#xA;    print(&quot;Sum of&quot;, context.a, &quot;and&quot;, context.b, &quot;is: &quot;, context.sum&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and below is the error, i am facing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[0806/114406.139:ERROR:gl_surface_egl.cc(690)] eglInitialize D3D9 failed with er&#xA;  ror EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED&#xA;  [0806/114406.140:ERROR:gl_initializer_win.cc(240)] GLSurfaceEGL::InitializeOneOf&#xA;  f failed.&#xA;  [0806/114406.161:ERROR:gpu_child_thread.cc(174)] Exiting GPU process due to erro&#xA;  rs during initialization&#xA;  [6120:5660:0806/114406.273:ERROR:browser_gpu_channel_host_factory.cc(103)] Faile&#xA;  d to launch GPU process.&#xA;  Before scenario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to solve this error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27307" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T23:57:32.197" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T23:57:32.197" Title="feature file in behave(BDD) throws an error" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;behave&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28526" CreationDate="2017-08-06T10:45:16.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This link explains Firefox browser testing with Capybara: Hope the below link give you an insight of the approach. &lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/38-headless&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/38-headless&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Installing xvfb: Example command : For Debian based systems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;apt-get install xvfb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Redhat based systems: yum install xorg-X11-server-Xvfb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run the script: xvfb-run ruby headless.rb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Executing the script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 1&#xA;Start Xvfb on a specific display port and background the process&#xA;Tell the terminal session to use the display port&#xA;Run the test&#xA;Xvfb :99 &amp;amp;&#xA;export DISPLAY=:99&#xA;ruby headless.rb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 2&#xA;Simply type the below command&#xA;xvfb-run ruby headless.rb&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Option 3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Install the headless gem&#xA;Update the test setup and teardown to use it&#xA;Run the test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastEditorUserId="27047" LastEditDate="2018-02-03T13:41:01.453" LastActivityDate="2018-02-03T13:41:01.453" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28952" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28948" CreationDate="2017-08-06T12:24:47.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your example feature does not use the browser, but your code does:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;context.browser = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error you are getting is from Chrome, not from your test. For some reason the hardware acceleration is giving issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try the following things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Remove the webdriver code as your example does not need it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Update Chrome, the chromedriver and your operating system to the latest versions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add the &lt;code&gt;--use-gl=desktop&lt;/code&gt; as an argument for starting Chrome to disable hardware-acceleration. Read &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12698843/how-do-i-pass-options-to-the-selenium-chrome-driver-using-python&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; for how-to do that with python.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am typing this I am wondering if you system has a GPU. You are not working on a virtual machine without hardware 3d-acceleration, are you? Probably you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-06T12:24:47.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28954" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28973" CreationDate="2017-08-06T15:43:43.937" Score="1" ViewCount="895" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently running end-to-end tests on BrowserStack and tackle flakiness of tests on a daily basis. One of the recent problems was that rarely &lt;em&gt;Protractor temporarily loses connection to the BrowserStack remote selenium server&lt;/em&gt; throwing errors like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: ETIMEDOUT connect ETIMEDOUT 203.51.112.2:80&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to not fail a test in this case and retry a selenium command?&#xA;Or, if this is not easily achievable, at least retry a specific test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some details:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;jasmine timeout interval is set to &lt;code&gt;100000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;allScriptsTimeout&lt;/code&gt; is set to 50000&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-06T17:03:20.520" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:51:51.843" Title="Handling unstable remote selenium server connection" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28925" CreationDate="2017-08-07T04:09:37.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the fastest and the easiest way would be simply replaying your production traffic using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;. It comes with &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Access_Log_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Access Log Sampler&lt;/a&gt; so if your access logs are compliant with the common log format you will be able to create a script in a few seconds. If not - it is still possible, but you will have to pre-process the access log so JMeter could understand it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_accesslog_sampler_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Access log sampler Step-by-step&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/stop-making-assumptions-learn-how-replay-your-production-traffic-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stop Making Assumptions! Learn How to Replay Your Production Traffic With JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regards to metrics, JMeter is capable of generating &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML Reporting dashboard&lt;/a&gt; which has all the necessary metrics and KPIs in form of tables and charts. I would also recommend monitoring your Apache instance health using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter PerfMon plugin&lt;/a&gt; (if you don't have other and/or better monitoring options in place already)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T04:09:37.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28915" CreationDate="2017-08-07T04:11:08.190" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you should be testing each and every record in the database, I would rather suggest considering the following testing types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Positive testing: use criteria which definitely return result. If your application doesn't have &quot;static&quot; scenarios it can be substituted with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fuzz Testing&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pairwise.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pairwise Testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Boundary testing: depending on your application specifics use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;boundary inputs&lt;/a&gt; to check edge conditions and how does your application handles them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Negative testing: your application should not display anything when criteria not matching any db data are given&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security testing: ensure that non-privileged users cannot see the data they should not be seeing. You can put testing against any forms of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_Injection&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SQL injections&lt;/a&gt; here as well. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Load Testing: you need to ensure that your application works well under the anticipated load. Additionally you can perform &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/why-%E2%80%98normal%E2%80%99-load-testing-isn%E2%80%99t-enough&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stress testing and soak testing&lt;/a&gt; to see how it behaves under prolonged load and where it starts to break.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it makes sense to invest into automation (i.e. the time required for automation will be less than the aggregate time of all anticipated executions) it is better to go for it, moreover load testing assumes automation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T04:11:08.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28958" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-07T04:35:37.617" Score="1" ViewCount="366" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to automate a website which is in german. But when I run the test on android device using chrome browser, language translator notification appears. Can anyone let me know how to handle this notification using appium on android device?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27321" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T04:35:37.617" Title="How to handle browser language notification in android using appium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28911" CreationDate="2017-08-07T05:51:30.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your xpath simply add &lt;code&gt;[1] or [2] or [3]&lt;/code&gt; to select the correct one out of the 3 matches.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;your locator here)[1]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will fetch you the first element with same locator. Like wise&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;(your locator here)[2]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;will fetch you second element with the same locator&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;(element id)[1]&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27297" LastEditorUserId="27297" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T07:02:14.697" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T07:02:14.697" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28887" CreationDate="2017-08-07T06:45:23.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recon testing is the session for collecting initial data and it will help in penetration testing. It can be done manually or automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T06:45:23.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28961" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-07T07:43:15.593" Score="1" ViewCount="1944" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1502091713068   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Starting browser C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe with args [&quot;-marionette&quot;]&#xA;1502091717606   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 51394&#xA;Aug 07, 2017 12:41:58 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Detected dialect: W3C&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code works properly but showing INFO: Detected dialect: W3C error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27328" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:11:28.847" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:11:28.847" Title="Code works properly but showing INFO: Detected dialect: W3C error" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;geckodriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28961" CreationDate="2017-08-07T10:12:34.790" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not an ERROR, but INFO it just information shown in the log of the driver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most loggers have log-levels, INFO is just one you can ignore most of the time:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;INFO  Designates informational messages that highlight the progress of&#xA;  the application at coarse-grained level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/log4j/log4j_logging_levels.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.tutorialspoint.com/log4j/log4j_logging_levels.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The dialect is an internal WebDriver thing you could research it, but I think you should not worry about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T10:12:34.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28965" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-07T14:11:11.367" Score="2" ViewCount="1586" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there a best practice for securely storing test users' passwords used in automated test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it better to connect to a DB and query for each user's credentials as needed? Then where should I store the DB connection credentials? Still on my same repo? That won't stop an unwanted person from getting the passwords, once they've gained access to the repo/code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it better to store the creds in a props file, and chmod it to be read-only for specific users running the tests? Can't anyone just chmod it back, and gain access?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or I could create a password-protected file, and write code to look for the password as an environment variable. It would require anyone running the test to know the password, and set the var in their env. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any better way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5289" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T15:27:49.810" Title="Secure Storage of Test User Passwords?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28896" CreationDate="2017-08-07T14:50:50.427" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like two different issues. 1. Sometimes you get a &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;. 2. Sometimes selenium clicks the wrong element. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll focus on the 1st issue as the 2nd issue would probably need more debugging information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have a problem with this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webDriverWait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementTo‌BeClickable(excelSession.FindElementByName(&quot;Maximize&quot;))).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, &lt;code&gt;excelSession.FindElementByName(...)&lt;/code&gt; will be called, the result of that will be passed to the &lt;code&gt;ElementToBeClickable&lt;/code&gt; method, and that result is passed to &lt;code&gt;Until&lt;/code&gt; which will run that action until it returns &lt;strong&gt;true&lt;/strong&gt;. This is a problem because &lt;code&gt;excelSession.FindElementByName&lt;/code&gt; throws an exception if the element doesn't exist, so the result can't ever be passed to &lt;code&gt;ElementToBeClickable&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest solution is to pass a &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt; to this method, as that version of &lt;code&gt;ElementToBeClickable&lt;/code&gt; will wait until the &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt; successfully finds the element. Or to be more accurate, it will return &lt;strong&gt;false&lt;/strong&gt; if the element doesn't exist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By maximizeBy = By.Name(&quot;Maximize&quot;); &#xA;webDriverWait.Until(&#xA;    ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(‌​excelSession.FindEle‌​ment(maximizeBy)).Cl‌​ick();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That should take care of your issue with it sometimes not clicking the maximize button due to a &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing that is likely causing you a lot of grief, is you're eating way too many &lt;code&gt;Exceptions&lt;/code&gt;, and then hiding the real exception by trying to guess why an exception was being thrown, and logging that. Generally speaking, try to avoid using &lt;code&gt;Exception&lt;/code&gt;s as logical paths. If an exception gets thrown, feel free to catch a specific Exception (something like &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;, not &lt;code&gt;Exception&lt;/code&gt;), do some logging or any cleanup that needs to happen, but &lt;strong&gt;still throw or attach the original exception message to your exception&lt;/strong&gt;. Otherwise your going to run into confusing debugging problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best of luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24457" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T14:50:50.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28965" CreationDate="2017-08-07T15:27:49.810" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, &lt;em&gt;you should definitely avoid storing user credentials in the code repository.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we are currently doing for our test automation setup is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reading user credentials and access keys (in our case, for browserstack) from environment variables&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;when running tests on the Jenkins CI, we are using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Credentials+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Credentials plugin&lt;/a&gt; to store credentials and set environment variables appropriately &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-07T15:27:49.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28969" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-08T01:56:14.373" Score="3" ViewCount="13448" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium with Cucumber and also using Page Factory for good framework practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we need to follow the principle of Fast Fail when we get TEST ERRORS/TEST FAILURES&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use Asserts in Selenium framework to handle TEST FAILURES which stops the execution immediately as soon as the TEST FAILURE occurs helping us in knowing the bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I want to concentrate on TEST ERROR reporting or understanding the implementation of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, Selenium will throw an exception if element is not found (When element properties had changed and WebDriver not able to find the element to do the operation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;test&quot;)).click&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above code is enough to get the failure reporting. But If we use some generic methods as a part of the framework then how to handle or report the exceptions caused. Following a piece of code will illustrate my view on how to report the error or fail the test case in such scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Want to know the best ways to handle the exceptions and also want to know the code to throw the catch exception &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Need Feedback on this if block and catch block&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public void clickElement(final By selector) &#xA;{&#xA;    if (selector==null)&#xA;    {&#xA;        Assert.fail (&quot;unable to perform click action as the element is null&quot;)&#xA;    }&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;&#xA;    try &#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement we= wait.until(&#xA;        ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&quot;someid&quot;)));&#xA;        we.click();&#xA;    } &#xA;    catch (Exception e) &#xA;    {&#xA;         assert.fail(&quot;Element not found to click on element&quot; +e.printstacktrace+)             &#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;What part of the code needs to be modified to stop the execution if click doesn't work because of element not found?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void enterTextInElement(String value, String id)&#xA;{&#xA;    if(id==null)&#xA;    {&#xA;        assert.fail(&quot;Element is null&quot;)&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    try &#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement we= wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(id)));&#xA;        we.sendKeys(value);&#xA;    }      &#xA;    catch (Exception e) &#xA;    {&#xA;        assert.fail(e.printstackTrace)&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;There are no return statements in both the methods I used, Should there be any?&#xA;If so Why we need return statements as Boolean instead of failing the scenarios using &lt;code&gt;assert.fail&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feel free to write your opinions about the best practices based on your experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could find any straight article defining these queries. So It would be lovely and awesome if I can get some good ideas around this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27319" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T12:04:13.443" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T12:04:13.443" Title="How/When to fail the test case in case of exception occurs with Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28970" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28887" CreationDate="2017-08-08T06:30:17.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recon testing/Reconnaissance is the act of gathering preliminary data or intelligence on your target. this is the first phase of penetration testing.The data is gathered in order to better plan for your attack. Reconnaissance can be performed actively or passively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below mentioned areas are keys of Recon testing sessions;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The ecosystem in which the software under test resides.&#xA;Touchpoints to other systems.&#xA;Variables (things we change or can change).&#xA;Obvious vulnerabilities and potential risks.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T06:30:17.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28969" CreationDate="2017-08-08T06:47:10.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want my tests to fail-fast. A test should never throw an exception. If it does it should break. If one of the first steps fails probably other steps will fail too, generating a lot of unneeded output. You will need to fix the test and run it, so you will find other issues anyways during the fixing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fail-fast is a programming concept that translates to automated testing pretty well:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-fast&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-fast&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/ieeeSoftware/failFast.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://martinfowler.com/ieeeSoftware/failFast.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What part of the code need to be modified to stop the execution if&#xA;  click doesnt work because of element not found&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to remove the try/catch. Only use try/catch if you want to handle to exception yourself. You could also add a Assert.&lt;a href=&quot;http://junit.sourceforge.net/javadoc/org/junit/Assert.html#fail(java.lang.String)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;fail('your message')&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in the catch if you want to give a better message to your errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T07:20:01.920" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:20:01.920" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28973" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28954" CreationDate="2017-08-08T07:51:51.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We log the Jasmine test fails into a text file with a custom reporter. Afterwards we rerun the failed tests again only. If these still fail we report these fails at failures to research.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jasmine.getEnv().addReporter({&#xA;      specDone: async (result) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        if (result.status === 'failed') {&#xA;          fs.appendFileSync(SeleniumBrowser.getFailedTestsFile(), `${result.description}\n`);&#xA;        }&#xA;        await this.quit();&#xA;      },&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use a script to rerun the tests from the command line. We are using &lt;code&gt;jest -T&lt;/code&gt; , but with Jasmine I think you can use command-line arguments like &lt;code&gt;--specs='tests/**/*.js' --grep=&quot;TestNameFromFile&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once read an article (which I can't find anymore) that the a re-run strategy of three was the perfect number. Sometimes your infrastructure or network just hangs. After three times you are sure it is the test that is failing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would record the flakiness of these tests though and schedule a flakiness research once in awhile, but you do not want developers to waste adhoc time to re-run or research once in a couple of run errors. Some flaky test do succeed when run alone, these are the tests you do want to fix, but random single incidents should be ignored. keep in mind it could be race-conditions so do check them, but not instant adhoc :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T07:51:51.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18340" CreationDate="2017-08-08T08:50:48.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Combine the Selenium screenshots with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imagemagick.org/script/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ImageMagick&lt;/a&gt; library or write your own image-compare functions. ImageMagick works from most programming-languages, but you can always just run it from the command line and parse the output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5132749/diff-an-image-using-imagemagick&quot;&gt;command line check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18760602/jmagick-image-comparision&quot;&gt;Java code examples.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to run command line tools from Java &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5470287/invoking-a-command-line-tool-from-within-by-java-applciation?rq=1&quot;&gt;check here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T09:14:38.443" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T09:14:38.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28975" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28978" CreationDate="2017-08-08T09:21:26.170" Score="5" ViewCount="14490" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a beginner in automation testing. I'm trying to select a value from data list and I got an XPath like mentioned below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath : &lt;code&gt;html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[1]&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the HTML for the same :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;portfolioName&quot; class=&quot;form-control ng-valid ng-dirty ng-valid-parse ng-touched&quot; ng-model=&quot;vm.portfolioName&quot; &#xA;name=&quot;portfolioName[]&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; &#xA;list=&quot;portfolioNameList&quot; ng-change=&quot;vm.onPortfolioNameChange()&quot; onclick=&quot;this.value='';&quot; &#xA;style=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I execute the test case, it displays &lt;code&gt;No such element found&lt;/code&gt; exception&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I resolve this problem? I'm using Selenium and protractor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T08:47:57.363" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T10:32:37.673" Title="How should I find the XPath using selenium webdriver and protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28975" CreationDate="2017-08-08T09:41:09.133" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;An absolute XPath should start with a slash &lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt;:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;'/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[1]'&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is advised to use relative XPath like: '&lt;code&gt;//div[@id=&quot;portfolioName&quot;]&lt;/code&gt;'. For this to work, the id has to be unique for div tags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if the id is unique, you can better identify the object by id and not XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;portfolioName&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastEditorUserId="20899" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T09:47:35.527" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T09:47:35.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28975" CreationDate="2017-08-08T09:43:12.147" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The input element has an id, better use this then the path from the html element to the input element. This path could change as the rendering is in a different state and or as the elements are injected in a different order each time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your Xpath could be: &lt;code&gt;//*[@id=&quot;portfolioName&quot;]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also research &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/resources/articles/selenium-tips-css-selectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSS selectors&lt;/a&gt; to use instead of Xpath as they are faster, easier to read and more flexible. Learn about &lt;a href=&quot;https://loadfocus.com/blog/2013/09/05/how-to-locate-web-elements-with-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;all the other selectors&lt;/a&gt; and use XPath as a last resort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T09:43:12.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28975" CreationDate="2017-08-08T09:44:37.337" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Avoid the use of '&lt;em&gt;Absolute XPath&lt;/em&gt;' if possible in your coding. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your element is having with class, ID, name &amp;amp; Type attributes then try to locate the element with the use of &lt;strong&gt;Relative XPath&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;XPath: //input[@id='portfolioName']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;XPath: //input[@id='portfolioName'][@type='text']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath=//input[@type='text' AND @name='portfolioName[]']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath=//input[contains(@id,'portfolioName')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Best &amp;amp; easy way to locate Element with ID attribute is &lt;strong&gt;By ID&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;portfolioName&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T04:50:21.477" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T04:50:21.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28626" CreationDate="2017-08-08T10:21:43.427" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How would you improve the situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simple, add it yourself, that is what I do. Engineers who write test automation code are developers. Therefor I see no reason why the Test Engineers should not add the locators they need themselves to the front-end UI code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The team should already have a process for code-quality (e.g. code-reviews). Any changes to the front-end code could follow the already used process to maintain code quality. It should not matter who adds the change, as I think the whole product team should practise &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/CodeOwnership.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;collective code ownership&lt;/a&gt;. I would create a pull-request which includes my application changes and their tests, either let a developer review it or another test-engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should we ask developers to improve markup for testers formally via&#xA;  Jira?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creating tickets in Jira feels like a major waste. Asking developers to do it on the-fly feels like it could negatively impact productivity, as context-switching is expensive. I would try to find a process where ping-ponging between test-automation and developer is eliminated. Discuss the options with the whole team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should we do it for every single element or somehow address it for&#xA;  the whole application at once?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Yagni.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YAGNI&lt;/a&gt;. If you want a better testable application from your developers I would ask them to create one happy-path Selenium test for each feature they deliver. Afterwards the automation team can add more cases and negative tests where necessary. Developers should know how un-testable the product is they deliver. I would say, &quot;make it testable&quot; is part of their job description!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T10:28:10.427" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T10:28:10.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27263" CreationDate="2017-08-08T13:18:39.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably you can, you can use Excel for anything it seems. Should you? &lt;strong&gt;Probably not&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep the acceptance criteria close the user story itself, not in a separate system. We document them the description of the user story. Others keep them on the physical Scrum-Board on post-its. Keep the process simple and effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep the Agile manfesto in mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Individuals and interactions over processes and &lt;strong&gt;tools&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Working software over comprehensive &lt;strong&gt;documentation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wondering about Excel and documenting these acceptance criteria sounds like tools and documentation. What does your cycle need? Can you keep it simpler? Discuss with your team what you need to create working software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T13:18:39.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28482" CreationDate="2017-08-08T14:34:51.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't see how readability and reliability conflict each other in anyway. &#xA;Research &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refactoring&lt;/a&gt;. Test-code is code and should follow the clean-code guidelines if you ask me if you want it readable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are more ways to make your code more readable. Every method (including your wait's and such) longer than 5 lines should be refactored into even smaller functions with good descriptive names. This to improve readability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would hide waits with some methods like this simple example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class loginPage {&#xA;  public login(userObject) {&#xA;    waitAndtypeUsername(user.username);&#xA;    waitAndtypePassword(user.password);&#xA;    waitAndSumbit();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  private waitForMethods...(argument) {&#xA;    // contains selector, wait code, focus code, type or click code.&#xA;    // probably around 5-10 lines max, or else make more methods.&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you can remove the wait from the methods names if you always wait, only add extra information if it helps readability. I would keep the public pageObjects methods on the top and the private methods under those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“Clean code always looks like it was written by someone who cares.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't see how more code makes it less readable if you practise clean-code. Reliability is some code you hide in your pageObjects. Your tests read clean by using pageObjects the right way. Your main pageObject methods should also read clean. They should be short and read like well written prose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;“The ratio of time spent reading (code) versus writing is well over 10&#xA;  to 1 ... (therefore) making it easy to read makes it easier to write.”\&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would really urge every developer (also test-automation-developers!) to either read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0132350882&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code&lt;/a&gt; book or &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/episode/clean-code-episode-1/show&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;watch the video training course&lt;/a&gt; if you have problems with unreadable, unmaintainable, rigid or fragile code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T14:34:51.417" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28926" CreationDate="2017-08-08T14:46:56.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;When working on something complex, there is always the risk&#xA;of bias, blind spots, tunnel vision, and stress induced malfunction &#xA;of the thinking parts of the brain. ( one good book, though from outside the IT world, is Processing Under Pressure, by Matthew J Sharps)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is why it's always good to have another human around,&lt;br&gt;&#xA;not a yes-person or naysayer, to have another look and guard your back.&#xA;For code, but also for buying new paint for your house, buying a new suit &#xA;or writing an important letter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This requires an environment where this friend with the title&#xA;* honorable enemy * can function without getting beheaded.&#xA;Many multimilion dollar movies flopped because the director only&#xA;accepted yes-persons to review the ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is possible let a colleague developer do the testing.&#xA;Except a similar background and similar way of thinking can&#xA;still lead to the same blindspots. Enters the tester, or test role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Dangers: silo thinking, us vs them, throwing over the wall attitude.&#xA;If developers see testers as 'failed developers', testers see developers as 'reckless cowboys', end users see both as 'geeks from Mars', end users get seen as 'those (dumb) end users', ... then nothing can save the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testers as part of a team, with short communication lines, where everyone is interested and dedicated into creating quality, it can be done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27087" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T15:48:50.207" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T15:48:50.207" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28975" CreationDate="2017-08-08T15:03:30.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Say &quot;No&quot; to XPaths&lt;/strong&gt;, to quote the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/style-guide.md#never-use-xpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor style guide&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;It's the slowest and most brittle locator strategy of all  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Markup&#xA;  is very easily subject to change and therefore xpath locators require&#xA;  a lot of maintenance &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;xpath expressions are unreadable and very hard&#xA;  to debug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are better, faster and more readable ways to locate the element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element(by.id(&quot;portfolioName&quot;));&#xA;element(by.model(&quot;vm.portfolioName&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are testing an Angular application with Protractor, in theory you should not experience timing issues since Protractor and Angular work together in sync - Angular signals Protractor when it is &quot;ready&quot;. But, if you do experience timing issues, you can always add a wait - e.g. waiting for the element to be present:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var portfolioName = element(by.id(&quot;portfolioName&quot;));&#xA;var EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;&#xA;browser.wait(EC.presenceOf(portfolioName), 5000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T15:10:43.940" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T15:10:43.940" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28827" CreationDate="2017-08-08T15:21:02.770" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;ok, so this question is really broad, but the underlying goal seems consistent in the order of testing within a sprint cycle.  I'll try to address that with the understanding that the depth of testing is entirely dependent on analysis and what your application is and what was modified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Beginning Point&lt;/strong&gt;: Once Dev is complete with something (hopefully unit tested and in sprint fashion is a releasable feature - great scrum means QA will have already been involved and dev/QA are in sync)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Build created - Smoke testing&lt;/strong&gt; kicked off after install which will determine if the install was successful and the application is functioning.  This should only take at most 30 minutes unless the app is humongous and then I would hope a team is smoke testing or parallel automation to verify and get the verification to 30 min or less.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Functional testing&lt;/strong&gt; on the new expected functionality happens.  This is to ensure that the build is actually doing the improvements that were expected.  No point in doing a whole bunch of other testing if the build doesn't even do what it's supposed to be improved in doing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regression/Sanity&lt;/strong&gt; testing is next.  Regression is detailed testing targeting affected areas that would likely have been modified in some way which could lead to bugs.  Sanity testing is the areas outside of this and is a cursory exploratory testing to verify that the rest of the application which should have been untouched is indeed &quot;untouched&quot; and functions the same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:  Analysis is needed for all testing as it really and truly depends on what code was modified, the confidence level of the team in a feature, the complexity and interactivity of a feature, usability, performance, security, user perspective (especially if you have a picky customer), budget constraints on hours, team size and skill sets, Automation, # of tests, size of tests, etc...  There is a reason it's &quot;engineering&quot; and applying simple 1, 2, 3 steps is not going to fit every application the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P.S.&lt;/strong&gt;  To fit the above with your sprint example, Module 1 should be functional/regression tested, other modules should be regression tested where code connection with module 1 is concerned and sanity tested everywhere else.  If you have the time more regression wouldn't hurt as it might find lingering bugs to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T15:21:02.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28920" CreationDate="2017-08-08T16:25:36.417" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately you can't do &lt;code&gt;InitElements&lt;/code&gt; with a &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt;. As the error indicates, objects initialized using a &lt;code&gt;[FindBy]&lt;/code&gt; attribute have to be &lt;code&gt;IWebElement&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that there are some &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; that you will be unable to use with these objects since some &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt; require a &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt; object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a couple of ways around this, and I'm guessing you'll have to make adjustments as needed, since WinDriver probably isn't using &lt;code&gt;IWebElement&lt;/code&gt;s, but this should hopefully put you on the general right track:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For that element, forget about initializing with &lt;code&gt;PageFactory&lt;/code&gt; and just use &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt;'s with &lt;strong&gt;get&lt;/strong&gt; methods. This way you can get the Element when you want to, but also use the &lt;code&gt;By&lt;/code&gt; for some &lt;code&gt;ExpectedConditions&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected By CreateBy { get; set; } = By.Name(&quot;Create&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;//I'm showing IWebElement here, but your Element may be differing with WinDriver&#xA;protected IWebElement CreateElement()&#xA;{&#xA;    return excelSession.FindElement(CreateBy);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep the &lt;code&gt;[FindBy]&lt;/code&gt; using an &lt;code&gt;IWebElement&lt;/code&gt;, and create custom Expected conditions for using &lt;code&gt;IWebElement&lt;/code&gt;'s&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Some base method that you can call wherever you need to wait for an element&#xA;public void WaitForElementToBeClickable(IWebElement element, int timeoutSeconds = 5)&#xA;{&#xA;    new WebDriverWait(excelSession, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutSeconds)).Until(d =&amp;gt; &#xA;    {&#xA;        try &#xA;        {&#xA;            return element.Displayed &amp;amp;&amp;amp; element.Enabled;&#xA;        }catch(NoSuchElementException)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    });&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've had trouble getting this to work, but you &lt;em&gt;should&lt;/em&gt; be able to use a &lt;code&gt;FluentWait&lt;/code&gt; instead ignoring the &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElement&lt;/code&gt; exception so you don't have to use a try catch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24457" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T16:25:36.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28988" CreationDate="2017-08-08T19:05:27.970" Score="1" ViewCount="391" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I verify specific text within an unordered list using Protractor? Here is a sample of the code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul class=&quot;list-unstyled&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li ng-repeat=&quot;field in parsedTemplate.fields&quot; class=&quot;ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span col=&quot;col-sm-4&quot; class=&quot;ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Invite (Guest)&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;col-sm-6 ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Type (Primary Guest or Companion)&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li ng-repeat=&quot;field in parsedTemplate.fields&quot; class=&quot;ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span col=&quot;col-sm-4&quot; class=&quot;ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Guest&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span class=&quot;col-sm-6 ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Last Name&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;li ng-repeat=&quot;field in parsedTemplate.fields&quot; class=&quot;ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span col=&quot;col-sm-4&quot; class=&quot;ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;Guest&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, an Excel spreadsheet is generated and that text needs to be verified as well. It will be the same column names as the list items but the contents will change. Is there a way to verify both without creating duplicate tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T21:11:21.247" Title="Verify specific text with same locator and verify generated spreadsheet using Protractor" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28987" CreationDate="2017-08-08T19:33:22.353" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the very least, you can use &lt;code&gt;.getText()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;.toContain()&lt;/code&gt; jasmine matcher:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var listItems = element.all(by.repeater(&quot;field in parsedTemplate.fields&quot;)).$$(&quot;span&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;expect(listItems.getText()).toContain(&quot;Guest&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've also had accomplished a similar task - compared data in a generated Excel report with what was on the screen. For Excel file parsing, we've used &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/xlsx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;xlsx&lt;/code&gt; node module&lt;/a&gt;. There were also some technicalities like cleaning up the download folder, &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/41082777/771848&quot;&gt;waiting for a file to be completely downloaded&lt;/a&gt; etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-08T19:39:07.457" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T19:39:07.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28989" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28626" CreationDate="2017-08-08T20:24:21.467" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many have mentioned the teamwork part which would help, but frankly I think the best way to improve is to improve the locator method and not constrict dev more on labels.  Get solid coding standards, but then work on making your locators more dynamic and relational instead of so static.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I mean by this is Xquery which is designed originally for XML but ports completely to HTML logic structure.  You can search within every part of the html structure including referencing parent/sibling relationships.  This allows you to find an element even if it's dynamically moving around the page based on whatever in the application is consistent to pull from.  With javascript you can bypass most of the browser parts and modify the HTML dynamically which can easily break static locators despite what values they have.  With a single page application this makes all static ones easily broken, but if you can find a span where dynamic controls exist and then drill to the control type and check a displayed component of it then you can re-use the same xpath (xquery) to locate the exact element despite changing id's, css, values, names, structure, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This requires testers to learn and understand the way the pages get generated and modified and then the locators relationaly scaffold to the dynamic components of the site rather than locking onto the specific elements at a point in time.  Then runtime interpretation pulls the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Naturally the methodical approach is application specific and not generic, thus anyone having issues doing this would need specific help instead of generic like this, however, the point is that let developers design what is best for the product so long as it's standardized and automation engineers learn to flow with the product.  Sure doing id= is easier, but it doesn't make a better product, just makes it more static for testing.  Some really cool javascript totally takes over the HTML making it virtually unpredictable during runtime, it doesn't make it bad code, QA needs to be adaptable.  Check out D3, HighCharts, Angular, etc... work and look great but totally mess up static locators for automation.  Dynamic automation to go with dynamic sites is a better way to go if you want to scale with developers instead of restrict them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-08-08T20:24:21.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28990" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28992" CreationDate="2017-08-09T07:38:29.230" Score="2" ViewCount="181" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a situation where an dependent application is down and I cannot execute the test case. The test execution is automated. The test first calls the dependent application API and this API returns a 500 server error, causing the test to fail. We are using TestNG as test runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should my test script fail the test or is it better to skip the test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should each failed test represent a defect in the Application under test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27374" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T08:23:01.897" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T08:27:50.000" Title="How should I handle failing tests caused by external dependencies?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;&lt;external-dependencies&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28991" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31302" CreationDate="2017-08-09T07:50:06.727" Score="3" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm building a dotfiles manager program for uni in rust, and looking for ways to test aspects of the program. As far as I can see, it can be broken into 2 parts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit testing for logic and individual functions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing that it does what it should do irl (eg. correctly moving/renaming/linking files)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The first one isn't a problem, but for the second one I'm at a loss. It needs to be able to run in a confined environment, so if it does do something stupid it won't &lt;code&gt;rm -rf $HOME&lt;/code&gt; or worse on me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is, are there any standard/good methods of testing programs like this? Are there tools available that would do what I'm wanting?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only tools I've found so far seem to be custom built (like the test scripts for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/thoughtbot/rcm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rcm&lt;/a&gt; for example), or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/aruba&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aruba&lt;/a&gt; (which seems like it could work, but I'm struggling to see how this could be used effectively in this case - especially since it involves heaps of files and directories.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: seems stackoveflow doesn't like this style of question (asking for opinions). Still interested in a definitive answer to this, assuming one exists of course. Maybe this is a program that needs to be written? For my project I ended up using custom bash scripts - not super ideal and doesn't run in a confined environment, but was the best option I could come up with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27375" LastEditorUserId="27375" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T03:36:46.383" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T12:15:34.090" Title="Testing cli programs + file operations" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;&lt;linux&gt;&lt;terminal&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28990" CreationDate="2017-08-09T08:18:07.297" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;should it represent a defect in the Application under test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, it might be working, but you cannot verify. You do need to monitor and follow it up somehow. Therefore ignoring/&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/testng-tutorials/skip-test-in-testng&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;skipping&lt;/a&gt; the test-method and create a task in your workflow-system might make sense, but this could lead to a lot of waste handling and monitoring these issues. Do make sure you fix the issues as soon as possible, as test not run tend to grow old fast.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It should fail&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds like you are writing end-to-end tests, I would expect this to test the application works end-to-end including external dependencies. Skipping them would give a false sense of security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not want to be alarmed by a test you know is failing due to external dependencies out of your control I would mute them. The tests should still run, but should not report their failure until either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They run successful once, which removes the mute status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The muted time range expired, I would mute tests for some days and then re-evaluate if the mute is still correct.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our build-server &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TeamCity&lt;/a&gt; supports muting out-of-the-box, for other build-servers you might need to build something yourself. Worst case you add a ignore flag to the test-method and put an item in your agenda to un-ignore them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muting best practises&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always use a time range, never mute it forever!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document why it was muted&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have cycle where you check muted (also ignored/skipped) tests regularly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Plan action to remove the mute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T08:27:50.000" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T08:27:50.000" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28994" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="28999" CreationDate="2017-08-09T09:19:05.020" Score="1" ViewCount="3879" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have executed a load test on a web application. I have got the results and while creating the document regarding the test results, I started to analyze the response time distribution graph. But I couldn't really understand how to calculate the total response time of a specific request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm attaching the graph photo.&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KF2uk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KF2uk.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone describe how much is the total response time for the displayed sampler?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18275" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T12:19:13.560" LastActivityDate="2020-07-16T10:57:58.263" Title="How to analyze the Response time distribution graph in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28998" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-09T12:28:35.923" Score="1" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it normal to take 10mins for bdd-security to spider an application? And should the spidering be done after log in or before login?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically we have a web application on which we need to do the automated security testing. It's 4-5 page simple web application. When I try to run a test for a simple authentication scenario, it takes 10 mins to spider the application and then runs the test. Is this normal? Because if for each tests it takes so long then it's a waste if time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second part of my question now spidering actually crawls through the base url and finds the underlying hidden urls. If the application requires a login, then will the spidering be effective?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT:&#xA;It's a spring based web application.&#xA;Spidering tool is OWASP ZAP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastEditorUserId="24784" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T03:58:47.100" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T13:56:32.907" Title="Why does it take a long time to spider an application?" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="28999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28994" CreationDate="2017-08-09T12:34:51.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For load tests, the total response time of a given page or request is meaningless. It makes more sense to look at the &lt;strong&gt;mode&lt;/strong&gt; response time, vs the &lt;strong&gt;median&lt;/strong&gt; response time vs the &lt;strong&gt;average&lt;/strong&gt; response time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your graph, the mode response time is 37800 ms (5 responses took this length of time).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The median response time (the one that is halfway through the list) is 37700 ms. (there were 27 responses, so response #14 is the median). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The average response time is the sum of all response times divided by the number of responses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These numbers tell you that a typical response to this call takes over 35 seconds, which is a rather poor response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The total time taken isn't relevant beside that: total time really only matters in the context of an end-to-end cycle (that is, it takes a certain amount of time to perform function X).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T12:34:51.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27607" CreationDate="2017-08-09T13:58:41.100" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't use uft and they seem to hide a lot of their documentation, but per &lt;a href=&quot;http://uft-help.saas.hpe.com/en/14.00/UFT_Help/Content/User_Guide/Und_Chkpt_Statements.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://uft-help.saas.hpe.com/en/14.00/UFT_Help/Content/User_Guide/Und_Chkpt_Statements.htm&lt;/a&gt; it looks like you should just pass a &lt;code&gt;Checkpoint&lt;/code&gt; to the &lt;code&gt;Check&lt;/code&gt; without the &lt;code&gt;= true&lt;/code&gt;. Otherwise you're actually passing a boolean comparison to &lt;code&gt;Check&lt;/code&gt; rather than the actual result of a &lt;code&gt;Checkpoint&lt;/code&gt; call (whatever it returns).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe the Results Viewer is showing the results of the &lt;code&gt;Checkpoint&lt;/code&gt; calls themselves, not the actual result of the &lt;code&gt;Check&lt;/code&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T14:11:05.540" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T14:11:05.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28259" CreationDate="2017-08-09T16:06:53.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Single Sign-On is a very broad term and testing it will much depend on how it has been actually implemented in your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short Single Sign-On provides you a way to authenticate at one place (Identity Provider) and access multiple systems (Service Providers) without the need to re-authenticate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your SSO implementation may allow to authenticate at different Identity Providers: external like Google, Facebook and your internal authentication services (e.g., based on LDAP, user certificates), specific to your company. You could verify integration with all identity providers you have.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your SSO implementation may support different Service Providers. For instance, if you were Google, people that use Deezer music service might use GMail to single sign-on and access Deezer. You could verify integration with different service providers, i.e., are you able to access their resources after authenticating to a specific Identity Provider?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are different protocols for SSO: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_Assertion_Markup_Language&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SAML&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAuth#OAuth_2.0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OAuth2&lt;/a&gt;, etc. each having its pecularities. For instance:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some protocols like SAML 2.0 allows for Identity Provider discovery: e.g., when you try to access Google Docs you first enter your email; depending on your email domain (gmail.com vs your.company.com) it will redirect you to a corresponding Identity Provider where you actually provide password and authenticate. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;some protocols allows also for Single Sign-Out. If your solution implements that you could check if actually are logged out from all service providers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since SSO is about multiple systems integration, there are many possible integration problems to encounter. For instance, what happens if you authenticate through GMail (Identity Provider) to access Deezer (Service Provider) but your user is not registered yet at Deezer or you don't have certain permissions there?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T16:06:53.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29003" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-09T16:29:05.520" Score="3" ViewCount="3040" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using my linux box to try and periodically download my local skateboard park's webpage and search for whether there are free skate-school lessons available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently falling at the first hurdle as I am only getting a partially rendered page. The crucial dynamic content is missing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using a bash command to get an html file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ phantomjs get_page.js [my local skateboard park's URL] &amp;gt; [a_file.html]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My save_page.js looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var system = require('system');&#xA;var page = require('webpage').create();&#xA;&#xA;page.open(system.args[1], function()&#xA;{&#xA;    setTimeout(function(){&#xA;    console.log(page.content);&#xA;    phantom.exit();&#xA;}, 10000);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a ten second delay in there - but it also fails to load the whole page with a 3 or 5 second delay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27390" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T16:46:48.353" LastActivityDate="2019-01-02T05:00:40.253" Title="PhantomJS not rendering all of page even with a few seconds delay" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;linux&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29003" CreationDate="2017-08-09T16:59:22.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your example script seems to work fine here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Added some extra loggin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var system = require('system');&#xA;var page = require('webpage').create();&#xA;console.log(system.args[1]);&#xA;&#xA;page.open(system.args[1], function(status) {&#xA;    console.log(status);&#xA;    setTimeout(function(){&#xA;        console.log(page.content);&#xA;        phantom.exit();&#xA;    }   , 10000);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output for &lt;code&gt;node_modules/phantomjs/lib/phantom/bin/phantomjs get_page.js http://www.google.com/ &amp;gt; test.html&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.google.com/&#xA;success&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE html&amp;gt;&amp;lt;html itemscope=&quot;&quot; itemtype=&quot;http://schema.org/WebPage&quot;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is your URL and output? if you add this extra console.logs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T16:59:22.377" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29006" CreationDate="2017-08-09T18:32:48.800" Score="4" ViewCount="1261" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have several part time testers who do both manual testing and test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I receive a pull request from them, I noticed that I am reviewing their code less strictly and allow a minor code style or organization violations to get through. My reasoning is that I know because they work in specific iterations, if I am going to request changes, this would add at least an extra day. Slowing down the turnaround time and increasing the merge conflict probability. Of course, but I do comment/reject if I notice major issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How problematic is this situation? Should I take into account that an author of the pull request works part-time or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T13:25:55.683" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T13:25:55.683" Title="Code Review and part-time team members" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;management&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29005" CreationDate="2017-08-09T18:59:55.903" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, whether a team member works part-time is &lt;strong&gt;irrelevant&lt;/strong&gt;. Your team has a sprint backlog based on its velocity, which is variable for each sprint (dependent on team &lt;strong&gt;capacity&lt;/strong&gt; for that sprint). If someone works only four hours a day, the workload for that person should be planned accordingly. Within the time allotted, everyone must do a proper job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question you should ask yourself is: are we building up &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_debt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;technical debt&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; by these loose reviews? Or, rephrasing this question: will these minor violations have to get fixed someday or cause quality issues (e.g. for test maintenance)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If yes, you are also &lt;strong&gt;artificially raising your velocity&lt;/strong&gt; and will run into issues later on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Everyone assumes the test is properly automated but the code quality is suboptimal.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;E.g. you commit a story of 10 points in 2 days, but when done properly would take 3 days.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not only does this set a similar expectation (or, in fact, limit) for all future stories, it also creates 'hidden' work (i.e. the technical debt that must be fixed but typically is not added to the backlog or status reports).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you let these kind of things through but they are important in the long run, make them visible by creating backlog items for them!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T18:59:55.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29007" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14496" CreationDate="2017-08-09T19:01:25.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my experience the &quot;best&quot; way is to have a database created that has all the test data you need including whatever real world extra data to properly test.  Back that up and reload it before each test run.  This ensures the test data state always matches with the test cases.  This will make life much simpler than trying to add/delete things with your tests as you go.  Keep the database export separate but a pre-requisite to your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can connect test cases together by adding data, modifying, and then going and deleting the data after wards to show the full CRUD functionality.  That is a perfectly viable and useful approach as well depending on your application, however, I still recommend a known database starting point from a trusted backup.  If you need to modify the data, load the backup, modify, snap a new export/backup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T19:01:25.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29008" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29005" CreationDate="2017-08-09T19:01:52.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, part time or full time should not affect the quality of the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A well defined document with coding standards should solve this, it is never too late.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any kind of work in any way is done, small or large sprints should have the same standards, not having a quality standard can result in poor work that can lead to more work when later you need to review it and maintain it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each project should have a wiki page detailing the process to be followed like coding standards, code reviews, adding tickets and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think can be a hard thing to follow few simple rules that can improve by a lot sometimes the quality of the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the following to iterations the things will be slower, but once they are use to the process everything should be back to normal, everyone wants a clean code review with no comments an no major things to change. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T20:10:09.467" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T20:10:09.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29005" CreationDate="2017-08-09T19:35:16.507" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code style&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code style checking should automated with a linter (e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://eslint.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ESLint&lt;/a&gt; and good style-guide like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/airbnb/javascript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;airbnb&lt;/a&gt;). No-one should be allowed to push code unless they ran the linter and fixed the coding linting errors. This should save you a lot of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Merge conflicts&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Merge conflicts should be solved by the coder. I would expect before the push the latest code would be merged into their code first. So it should not matter how long they take, merge conflicts should not be your problems, because how can you be sure how to solve them if you didn't code it. Normal code would have tests, but testcode doesnt... (hmmm, maybe we should test our code? ;-) Everyone should start their day with pulling the code from your main integration branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code-reviews&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code-reviews should focus on knowledge sharing and code-understandability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find issues you have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fix it yourself&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send it back&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would send it back, even it costs a day extra in cycle-time. How would they learn and grow? If they are really a person you rarely use and getting them to grow is a waste, choose to fix it yourself. Don't let messy-code slip through. You will hate yourself in the longterm as you never make time to clean it later on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-09T19:44:01.143" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T19:44:01.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23907" CreationDate="2017-08-09T19:38:32.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is just an idea, but it should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to check all the regular expressions from steps in a result report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) create a complete report running all active scenarios with &lt;code&gt;--dry-run&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA; 2) save all the regular expressions using running behat with &lt;code&gt;-dl&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you have 2 files all scenarios and all regular expressions, now all you should need to do is to do a &lt;code&gt;foreach&lt;/code&gt; in the regular expressions and look it in the report file and maybe count the matches as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The search could be done in php or with any other tool that can handle regular expressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-08-09T19:38:32.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29011" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22863" CreationDate="2017-08-09T20:26:38.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use the Page-Object-Model, so I have referenced elements (by default at least), and then I have a conditional &quot;popup&quot; element that displays some information, with a covering div in the background. So, similar effective situation to the OP. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution I use related to your issue is to check for the relevant popup element. If it exists, perform the close, then execute the wait (using &lt;code&gt;invisibilityOf()&lt;/code&gt;) on the same relevant element (which is part of the popup), regardless of the next operation. This then ensures the next operation does not get blocked. It works in my case because the visibility of the element inherits the visibility of the popup structure (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/propidx.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;W3C&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the relevant parts for this setup:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(how = How.XPATH, using = &quot;//*[@id='content_panel']/div[2]/div[1]/span&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement onlineRegistrationPopupClose;&#xA;&#xA;public void CloseOnlineRegistrationPopup() throws Exception {       &#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5);&#xA;&#xA;    // try and close this, then wait a moment for the element to be invisible       &#xA;    if (onlineRegistrationPopupClose.isDisplayed()) {&#xA;        onlineRegistrationPopupClose.click();&#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOf(onlineRegistrationPopupClose));&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24458" LastEditorUserId="24458" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T13:46:43.753" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T13:46:43.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2811" CreationDate="2017-08-10T05:25:59.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Base on Liam Kirsh answer I prepared full working code for Windows (in my case Windows 10 and Python 3.4):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import os&#xA;import sys&#xA;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;def get_profile_path(profile):&#xA;    FF_PROFILE_PATH = os.path.join(os.environ['APPDATA'],'Mozilla', 'Firefox', 'Profiles')&#xA;&#xA;    try:&#xA;        profiles = os.listdir(FF_PROFILE_PATH)&#xA;    except WindowsError:&#xA;        print(&quot;Could not find profiles directory.&quot;)&#xA;        sys.exit(1)&#xA;    try:&#xA;        for folder in profiles:&#xA;            print(folder)&#xA;            if folder.endswith(profile):&#xA;                loc = folder&#xA;    except StopIteration:&#xA;        print(&quot;Firefox profile not found.&quot;)&#xA;        sys.exit(1)&#xA;    return os.path.join(FF_PROFILE_PATH, loc)&#xA;&#xA;profile = get_profile_path(&quot;default&quot;)&#xA;print(profile)&#xA;driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8897" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T05:25:59.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22143" CreationDate="2017-08-10T08:52:30.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try using the TruClient protocol in Vugen for Loadrunner, that works on the GUI level of the website. You don't have to do any correlation yourself, just do actions en checks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastEditorUserId="20899" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T08:59:31.597" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T08:59:31.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29014" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28656" CreationDate="2017-08-10T09:37:18.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For Windows apps, there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli automates anything you see on the screen. It uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components. It is useful when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26503" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T09:37:18.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29016" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-10T10:49:09.913" Score="0" ViewCount="46" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a framework for the popular e-commerce trading website platform (Amazon) – from scratch. I will be starting a new automation testing role, and, I need to get more practice before I start. Hence, the need to develop the framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done some research. A Simple Google search for any previous “Conquistadors” - that had done this before was fruitful. Sample code for their previous exploration &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/tjmaher/automate-amazon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;on GitHub.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, I  got some websites that I got more information from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeproject.com/articles/1013318/page-object-design-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CodeProject&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Stephen's Guide To Selenium &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The TrainLine &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I intend to use the Page Object Model – for obvious reasons.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Does anyone have any advice regarding how I can approach this task?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also, if you have any code – from a previous project that I can glean some ideas from, that will be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My plan is to write manual tests 1st (using different test techniques including +ve &amp;amp; -ve tests, state transition tests, Boundary Value Analysis, etc). Afterward, I will select easy,  straightforward tests &amp;amp; use them as my “smoke” tests (e.g login feature), then add more complex tests to build my framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your ideas are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27403" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-10T11:19:25.043" LastActivityDate="2017-08-10T11:19:25.043" Title="Advice For Creating POM Test Framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;pom&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-08-15T13:59:49.377" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29019" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-10T20:54:29.620" Score="0" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there are some possible points of failure in your preconditions, is it a bad practice to put in asserts in your Given steps, or if that is unclear, should Given statements ever fail?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24492" LastEditorUserId="24492" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T14:04:53.187" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T21:31:56.253" Title="BDD precondition volatility" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28994" CreationDate="2017-08-11T01:31:01.263" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a performance test, you will probably want to communicate to the team that most users experience page load times of 37200 and 38300, using the mathematical functions such as discussed previously by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/users/422/kate-paulk&quot;&gt;Kate Paulk&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finding out what the conditions were when users who had a faster response will help the team decide how to give everyone this faster experience. The response times around 28400 are statistically called &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outlier&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Outliers&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might want to run the test again with server monitoring, but also capture details about the volume of transactions being sent by Jmeter to determine if the source of the slowness for everyone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27414" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-16T10:57:58.263" LastActivityDate="2020-07-16T10:57:58.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29019" CreationDate="2017-08-11T02:49:56.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each test case should have a specific objective that is closely dependent on &#xA; preconditions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to accurately assert that the test has passed i would recommend including the precondition as a assertion. Failure would indicate that the setup failed, not that the functionality failed.&#xA;Additional if you need to test how the functionality behaves when a precondition is missing, create a separate test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27414" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T02:49:56.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29022" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29024" CreationDate="2017-08-11T04:08:18.567" Score="9" ViewCount="410" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are the typical signs and signals of a Quality Assurance team being understaffed? How would you justify/explain a request for a new addition to a team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A little bit of background:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently have few full and part time testers but with growing demands and products we've built a rather long backlog of test stories and scenarios to be automated. Our test automation efforts are sometimes one or even two releases behind the new functionality, features and fixes. I am not absolutely sure I can use the above mentioned facts to justify a request for a new test automation specialist since our management is not really fully aware of the scale of our test automation and what testers actually do on a daily basis - there is a bit of a disconnect between QA team and product management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-11T14:46:46.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T06:15:36.040" Title="What are the signs of an understaffed QA team?" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;management&gt;&lt;communication&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29022" CreationDate="2017-08-11T07:47:21.830" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company provides wide range of software testing services which includes mobile testing, functional testing, automation testing and many more. We analyze the requirements and plan for the resources accordingly. Various factors contribute to make proper resource plans such as project estimates, release cycles, scope of testing i.e web functional,mobile devices, automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below are the signs of below strength QA team.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Declining quality of product&lt;/strong&gt; If QA team is understaffed, Project Quality takes a hit. Bugs starts to leak which are encountered by customers post release. This leads to frequent hot fixes and high rates of unsatisfactory customers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Big Release Cycles.&lt;/strong&gt; This is another issue which is faced by understaffed QA team. Timelines extend with short staffed QA Team. For Example if full regression testing for a release is needed in certain period, short staffed QA team will always push the release deadline.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;More tasks in Backlog&lt;/strong&gt;. The tasks begins to compile up in backlog. Most ominous of all, automation takes a backseat which in turns makes things worse in terms of release cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="18010" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T06:15:36.040" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T06:15:36.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29022" CreationDate="2017-08-11T09:31:00.240" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;I will answer this question with Agile iterations in mind. (An iteration could be a full &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#events-sprint&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sprint&lt;/a&gt; or a single-user-story-cycle if you do &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanban_(development)&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kanban&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/147664/what-is-swarming&quot;&gt;swarming&lt;/a&gt;.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QA department is understaffed when:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not every cross-functional Agile team has a someone with QA knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The ratio defects versus released features is getting out of control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation is not completed during the iteration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual testing is executed in the next iteration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working software is not shipped at the end of iteration (This could have other causes as well.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Un-tested software is shipped&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA employees have no time for a QA-community which focuses on growing and learning from each other during work hours&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;we've built a rather long backlog of test stories and&#xA;  scenarios to be automated&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have learned what helps best is to visualize it. Somewhere prominent in your company show you are behind constantly. Just make a QA metrics area in the main hallway. Post things as test-automation &lt;a href=&quot;https://stefanroock.wordpress.com/2010/03/02/kanban-definition-of-lead-time-and-cycle-time/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cycle-time and lead-time&lt;/a&gt;, number of stories still to automate, defects vs new features. Preferable add some targets you would like to achieve with a trend arrow per day/week/month.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am slightly worried by your words &quot;long backlog&quot;, this clearly shows the work is not done. Accumulating work not done should be alarming to management. I would push the development teams to add testing (including test automation) to their definition of done. Adding more test-engineers will probably not solve your problems anyways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Experiment with scaling test-engineers by making them part of the development teams, let the team figure out what their perfect ratio devs versus testers should be. This will be different per team. But integrating testers in the team has a lot of benefits. Whole team quality attitude, better knowledge sharing, no-handovers and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/done_done.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;really DONE!DONE! (e.g. production ready)&lt;/a&gt; to name a few.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-08-11T09:51:51.740" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T09:51:51.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29025" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-11T10:25:24.753" Score="3" ViewCount="453" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a MAC OSX native application. Some of the screens in this application is using Webviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My specific requirement is to automate this view using Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions that I have:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it really possible to use Webdriver to automate the Webviews in a native MAC OSX hybrid application?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If yes, can someone give an example script?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it's possible to automate, how to identify the elements on this Webview?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried with appium-for-mac for automating, but failed. (Seems like its a known issue as per: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/appium/appium-for-mac/issues/15&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My current setting for the webdriver setup is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private WebDriver buildDriverInstance(String appiumForMacURL){&#xA;&#xA;    URL remoteAddress = null ;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        remoteAddress = new URL(appiumForMacURL);&#xA;    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;    desiredCapabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;platform&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;Mac&amp;quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;    driver = new RemoteWebDriver(remoteAddress,desiredCapabilities);&#xA;    return driver;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any direction in this regard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17285" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:21:22.587" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:21:22.587" Title="Automating Embedded Webviews in a MAC OSX Native application" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;hybrid&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29022" CreationDate="2017-08-11T11:22:58.087" Score="2" Body="&lt;h2&gt;When they are not able to prove the value they add&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my last position I wanted to improve front end error messages for invalid data in html web forms.  My pleas fell on deaf ears.  The company is focused on profit and costs.  Then I used AB testing to show that better error reporting could earn the company millions of dollars a year.  Next request for more resources was immediately approved.  Show you add value and you won't need to try and persuade by argument, the facts speak for themselves.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above is the big picture.  The smaller &lt;em&gt;signs&lt;/em&gt; of an understaffed qa staff are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;shortcuts taken when writing tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;not enough time to develop mock and stub strategies&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;intermittent failures that no-one has the time to fix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;qa being perceived as a bottleneck&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;event and time based tests that are tied to a real clock so take hours or days&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insufficient time to develop good practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insufficient time to evangelize quality practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insufficient time to make the case for good testing environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;long running and slow tests that no-one has time to refactor&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of making the case to management I recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;constant evangelism about why testing matters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;frequent references to things like healthcare.gov (performance testing), target.com (security), Amazon (accessibility testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use humor to make a point about integrated testing, there are lots of examples&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make to to keep telling management that you are in the job of &lt;em&gt;preventing&lt;/em&gt; errors&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-11T15:24:47.120" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T15:24:47.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29028" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-11T11:31:21.453" Score="1" ViewCount="599" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have added the Step-by-step debugger via the JMeter plugins manager but I don't have any idea how to start using it. Any suggestions on how I can start using it for debugging purposes?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T21:12:38.400" LastActivityDate="2019-07-13T13:44:16.713" Title="How to use the Blazemeter Step-by-step debugger?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;debugging&gt;&lt;blazemeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29028" CreationDate="2017-08-11T11:49:12.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can move to debugging your script in following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step 1 :&lt;/strong&gt; Create the script as per your business requirement. Here i have created one sample test plan for the reference where i have setup all required things as mentioned in snap :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vQa98.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vQa98.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step 2:&lt;/strong&gt; If debug plugin has successfully installed then it will appear in the strip right below the menu bar, click on it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i7rms.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/i7rms.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will open new debug window where you will see the debug options as shown in the below snap :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VmduB.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/VmduB.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step 3&lt;/strong&gt; : Now select the Test Plan and click on the &lt;strong&gt;Start&lt;/strong&gt; button, It will start debugging your script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6hSm8.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/6hSm8.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test plan component will display highlighted which is currently being executing , to move the next step click on &lt;strong&gt;Step Over&lt;/strong&gt; Button, Here you can analyze your script the flow and variables, logs and so many things as options are there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note: Jmeter 3.0 and 3.1 supports &lt;code&gt;blazemeter step by step debugger&lt;/code&gt; plugin version 3.0. &lt;code&gt;blazemeter step by step debugger&lt;/code&gt; plugin version 4.0 supported by Jmeter 3.2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T07:44:45.837" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T07:44:45.837" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29030" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29031" CreationDate="2017-08-11T15:35:35.657" Score="3" ViewCount="199" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for fun examples of why integrated testing is important&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T19:57:29.553" Title="How can I use humor to explain integrated testing?" Tags="&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29030" CreationDate="2017-08-11T15:35:35.657" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some fun examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Videos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doors - &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/VPSE13NLPnM&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/VPSE13NLPnM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sink - &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/RMYRTJuY8Ss&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/RMYRTJuY8Ss&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Dryer - &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/ajUB4-m-y2o&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/ajUB4-m-y2o&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Door Lock - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GypdsJulKE&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GypdsJulKE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pics:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7ztRC.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7ztRC.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll add more as I find them&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-12T23:27:53.097" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T23:27:53.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29032" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29039" CreationDate="2017-08-11T16:39:35.680" Score="8" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been thinking to raise this question long time ago since I ever started my career as Software QA. We, as IT professionals (that's how I consider us, regardless of the education level) are always facing challenges at work no matter what kind of environment / sort of company we work for. I'm sure on the fact that there is &lt;strong&gt;no ideal company&lt;/strong&gt; in the world where IT department works as smooth as Swiss watches (and we can argue on that probably in the different topic). Slow environments, misunderstanding in the requirements, broken dev / qa / stage builds, late night deployments....you name it. My understanding of being in the industry for over 6 years is that there is no way to escape those situations, nevertheless every team member has to try to minimize them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The topic that I would like to discuss today is about QA team members, that join new companies. I know that almost everywhere there is a lack of proper documentation (sometimes it is missed at all) on the working projects and usually it takes time to get to understand business logic and infrastructure of the environments. Well, time equals money (that company pays you) and leadership expects you to get on the board right away. But the other side of the coin is you, as experienced tester with the great reputation and feedback shown in the interview, also would like to step on that moving train and display all your best practices. My opinion is that there are 2 cases: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Ever since your first day you stay calmed and relaxed. Not disturbing anybody with the &quot;proper&quot; questions about where do download this and that or whom to ask on application/back-end access. You witness some bustling going on around, just trying to listen to people and get an idea from here and there. &lt;strong&gt;PROS&lt;/strong&gt;: Everyone in the team likes you, considers you as a cool, respectable, gentle and easy-going person. &lt;strong&gt;CONS&lt;/strong&gt;: Even in couple of weeks being at the new position you barely understand what is the project about, who is responsible for what, and when the hell I get my workstation and security badge.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; 2. You start as a crazy horse. Get everyone with the questions on your every concern. Destructing manager every morning stand up on your today's tasks and goals. Standing by DB administrator cubical till he finally provides you with the access. &lt;strong&gt;PROS&lt;/strong&gt;: Within probably several months you start showing good results on the test case coverage / automation scripting. Already have a decent understanding of the projects and their interconnection with each other. Leadership start seeing you as a potential management person with the right skill set. &lt;strong&gt;CONS&lt;/strong&gt;: Everyone hates you for being annoying, bypassing you at every possible chance. No answered emails and Lync messages, everybody is busy when you are in the visibility zone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My today's question is: what do you consider as a right approach or may be &#xA; a right consensus in assimilating at the new company with the poor documentation? Thanks.          &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T07:25:51.157" Title="New Hire: lack of documentation vs QA velocity" Tags="&lt;documentation&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29032" CreationDate="2017-08-11T17:00:07.977" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming one cannot start as a &quot;calm and relaxed horse&quot;, and we have only these two options, I would focus on starting to &lt;strong&gt;deliver as quickly as possible&lt;/strong&gt; - at the end this is what you were hired to do. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are factors that prevent you from starting to work, this is not your problem - this means that &lt;em&gt;there is something wrong in the company's onboarding procedures&lt;/em&gt;. I would make sure to let my supervisor know in which state am I currently in and what prevents me from doing my work. Of course, this should happen in a professional and polite way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may also be a good idea to make notes or document your onboarding story - you may then present your experience to your team or supervisor in a sense of what went great, what was clear, what not and what could be improved. This way you may contribute to improving the situation in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-11T17:24:15.957" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T17:24:15.957" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29034" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-11T19:10:22.923" Score="1" ViewCount="1189" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an API service, which accepts JSON input and gives multiple JSON in a single response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In first CSV, I have endpoint which I will access by HTTP request, and the input JSON which I will post with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In second CSV, I have API endpoints, index of response JSON, and unique id in response which I need to validate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample CSV 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/API/EndPoint/1&#xA;json_request_post_1.json&#xA;/API/EndPoint/2&#xA;json_request_post_2.json&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample CSV 2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;API Endpoints&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;index of JSON response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unique id in respective responses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; /API/EndPoint/1&#xA; 0&#xA; CS-3736f6a7b0f05d38abf69435a261fb557c5d58ca6deacedc06480d4032603105&#xA; /API/EndPoint/1&#xA; 1&#xA; CS-51c1c894d1b96fc93d458f152029d9ffe3efda81c099ea1294e085e53a53b1a5&#xA; /API/EndPoint/2&#xA; 0&#xA; CS-2580621b29babb61037e386f127e9cc7060c691100701982c6c07458ea86a924&#xA; /API/EndPoint/2&#xA; 1&#xA; CS-3c5166f79e23c8c227368de9d3bb7d1eabd38c191ea519054fee249d091c67a1&#xA; /API/EndPoint/2&#xA; 2&#xA; CS-5f3a65daf8fc289b4e5ec174cac4be4ea0c28d0248faf81515865c6c48819f87&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I need to send a request to &lt;code&gt;/API/EndPoint/1&lt;/code&gt; once and need to verify twice if &lt;code&gt;id[0]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;id[1]&lt;/code&gt; are getting correct id values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I have to move to &lt;code&gt;/API/EndPoint/2&lt;/code&gt; and check if &lt;code&gt;id[0]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;id[1]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;id[2]&lt;/code&gt; are getting correct id values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have put a &lt;code&gt;while controller&lt;/code&gt; which contains –&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV dataset config based on CSV 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inside this &lt;code&gt;while controller&lt;/code&gt; I have put another &lt;code&gt;while controller&lt;/code&gt; which contains –&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A bean shell sampler - return &lt;code&gt;ctx.getPreviousResult().getResponseDataAsString();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CSV dataset config based on CSV 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JSON path assertion which takes JSON path based on index value of CSV 2 (Column 2).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to stop inner loop after &lt;code&gt;count=2&lt;/code&gt; in first iteration, and start from the same point and do it 3 times in iteration 2. Basically iterate through CSV 2 on repeated values on API endpoints.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or some other way you would suggest?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27424" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T06:30:38.253" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T06:30:38.253" Title="Iteration through multiple while controller using Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29035" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29040" CreationDate="2017-08-11T20:38:43.833" Score="6" ViewCount="383" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have several &quot;testers&quot; who are involved in manual testing and test automation, but all of that &lt;em&gt;part-time&lt;/em&gt;. Some of them are not really interested in testing and test automation as a field and lose interest in test automation and improving testing skills pretty quickly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should we deal with them? Is it okay to have a part-time not-motivated tester? Is there anything we can do to raise their interest in testing and test automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2019-11-28T16:03:54.753" Title="How to deal with not motivated testers?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29032" CreationDate="2017-08-11T22:27:01.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use BDD (Behavior Driven Development) to write human readable tests that describe how the system works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These tests then act as easy to read technical documentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for passive vs. aggressive (to sum up those sections), well yes those are extremes you've described and as with most such things you want to be between them.  I would say probably closer to the second option is the way to go - many constant questions.  However to avoid your description of being hated you'll need a ton of tact, patience, listening first, praise of others, manager investment, etc. Usually takes experience / maturity.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Sometimes everyone wonders what something means and it takes someone to break the ice and ask.  Don't assume you'll be hated.  Be respectful.  Be careful not to dominate.  It is also true though that you are paid to generate value and not paid to make friends.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The wisest people admit ignorance freely and love to ask lots of questions.  Do it politely and you may be looked up to as a leader in the right culture such as the one I'm trying to cultivate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-11T22:32:34.397" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T22:32:34.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29022" CreationDate="2017-08-11T22:47:28.297" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;An understaffed QA department is one where a tester is not able to effectively test the work of those that are producing surface area (code, content, documentation) for her to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ratio of producers to testers can be used as an initial rule of thumb for how close to properly staffed you are.  The worst case scenario I've had in my career was 17 producers to 1 QA resource back when I worked on video games.  The best case was around 4 producers to 1 QA resource when I worked on a mobile computer vision product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If testers are so focused on having to test what has already been produced to the point where they can't spend any time thinking about how to test what is coming, it's a no-win scenario.  They won't be able to get through the backlog quickly enough to provide feedback close enough to when bugs are introduced to allow bug fixes and design changes to happen in a cost-effective manner, and by not being able to address code before it's written through design reviews, they won't be able to stop bugs from coming into the project in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19271" LastActivityDate="2017-08-11T22:47:28.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29032" CreationDate="2017-08-12T07:25:51.157" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess you should want to find a balance between both options. You don't want to work really hard and go crazy, but you want to find a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.agilealliance.org/glossary/sustainable/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sustainable pace&lt;/a&gt;. I would prefer to start a bit slower and act more as an observer, but I do think being open and honest about what you see is important. Having a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.stephencovey.com/7habits/7habits-habit1.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;proactive attitude&lt;/a&gt; is also key for your long term success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the documentation lacks, you do need to question people. As a quality person I like to have 30 minutes one-on-one interviews with some key people. Think of users, developers, other testers and managers. Trying to understand how everyone is using the system, where the biggest gaps are, what risks exist and how the company makes money. As a new person you are still an outsider. It so much easier to see the blindspots in the processes. It is possible to get information without being annoying. Just becarefull with how you suggest changes. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.stephencovey.com/7habits/7habits-habit5.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Seek first to understand, then to be understood&lt;/a&gt;. Question how did this process came to be? and have you also tried other options? maybe this one I am thinking about?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not value documentation very high. Self-study is not as good as hearing real things from real people. Also documentation (even if it was good in a certain point in time) will always be outdated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your first weeks at a new company it is all about learning. Learning the business, the systems, the products, the people. Take a bit of time. You do want to add value as soon as possible. See if you can pair with others on what they are working on. Start working on things you seem to understand, but do make a lot of time for learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T07:25:51.157" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29035" CreationDate="2017-08-12T18:10:32.737" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We have several &quot;testers&quot; who are involved in manual testing and test&#xA;  automation, but all of that part-time. Some of them are not really&#xA;  interested in testing and test automation as a field and lose interest&#xA;  in test automation and improving testing skills pretty quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How should we deal with them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That depends on why you have uninterested testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this situation exists because you are bad at hiring people, then you need to get better at attracting and hiring folks who want to work hard and be professional testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this situation exists because you pay poorly, you might need to pay more to attract better people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this situation exists because you treat your &quot;testers&quot; (it's telling that you put the word in quotes) like second-class citizens, then you may need to treat them more professionally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing how to &quot;deal&quot; with almost anything requires first understanding how you got there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is it okay to have a part-time not-motivated tester?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Okay&quot; is always a business decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen some companies who decide that they don't really care enough to pay and hire real, professional QAers. For them it appears that part-time, uninterested testers check the checkbox well enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other companies value testers and do things differently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there anything we can do to raise their interest in testing and&#xA;  test automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again it depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answers ranges from &quot;No, there's nothing you can do&quot;, to &quot;Fire them all and hire full-time professionals&quot; with everything in between.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-08-12T18:10:32.737" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29041" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-13T04:57:29.877" Score="8" ViewCount="2036" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been working as a manual QA for a couple of years. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to get an automation position. I took Java courses at a local college, I practiced, I learned Selenium, and I'm fairly confident I can pass the interview and do the job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, to pass an interview, you first need to get invited to one, which is where I'm having trouble. I understand why people are reluctant to interview me as I have no experience, but what can I do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no chance of me doing automation at my current job, and I really want to avoid taking another manual tester job with the 'perspective of doing automation later'. That's what my current job was supposed to be, but ended up being a purely manual position. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would appreciate any honest advice/opinion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27438" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T05:05:36.407" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T05:30:01.960" Title="How do I get an automation testing job without experience?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29041" CreationDate="2017-08-13T05:17:35.150" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a set of things I would do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;even though you said your current position is purely manual, I would still &lt;strong&gt;look for things that can be automated&lt;/strong&gt; - this may be some types of tests, or tests for specific features, testing environment setup scripts, or just not-directly related things you do for work every day - automate something to make your and your team's work easier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;learn and use automated tests for your side projects&lt;/strong&gt;. If you have a side project, see if you can write automated tests for it. You'll learn new things and will also contribute to building up your test automation experience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;contribute to open source testing tools&lt;/strong&gt;. Look into contributing to test automation tools you are looking forward to learn or already learning. There is always something to contribute - you can start with documentation, internal tests, small bug-fixes. This would also enrich your test automation resume as well as be a sign that you are giving back to the community and show your interest in the field overall&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;bring this up to your manager&lt;/strong&gt;. Express your desires to automate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;never stop learning&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Related follow-up topics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8479/what-kind-of-experience-do-i-need-to-become-an-automation-qa-engineer-sdet?rq=1&quot;&gt;What kind of experience do I need to become an automation QA engineer/ SDET?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9096/how-can-manual-qas-without-a-programming-background-learn-automated-testing?rq=1&quot;&gt;How can Manual QA&amp;#39;s without a programming background learn Automated Testing?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/3755/how-can-i-switch-from-manual-testing-to-writing-automation?rq=1&quot;&gt;How can I switch from manual testing to writing automation?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/6095/manual-tester-wanting-to-get-into-automation?rq=1&quot;&gt;Manual tester wanting to get into automation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27729/can-a-manual-tester-survive-in-software-industry-without-learning-automation?rq=1&quot;&gt;Can a Manual Tester survive in software industry without learning Automation?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17532/importance-of-test-automation-experience-to-advancing-in-qa-departments?rq=1&quot;&gt;Importance of test automation experience to advancing in QA departments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T05:30:01.960" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T05:30:01.960" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29043" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-13T06:44:30.377" Score="1" ViewCount="1231" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium invokes only the installed version of the browser to run its script.&#xA;how can i add this feature to my selenium framework like:&#xA;run the script on Chrome 50,52 and 53. &#xA;same with firefox, Safari and IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18700" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T07:27:09.647" Title="Can we run selenium scripts in a specific version of a browsers. i.e. Run script on chrome 52 and 53?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29043" CreationDate="2017-08-13T07:27:09.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a single computer you can only install one version of each browser. So to run your Selenium tests against multiple version you will need multiple machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easiest: Setup a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.virtualbox.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;virtual machine&lt;/a&gt;, install browser version of choice (&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18483087/how-to-disable-google-chrome-auto-update&quot;&gt;disable automatic updates&lt;/a&gt;), install test-runner tools, copy tests to virtual machine and run the tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Medium: Run you tests against online browsers services, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt; or other &lt;a href=&quot;http://alternativeto.net/software/sauce-labs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alternatives&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hardest: Setup a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/a&gt; and configure each virtual machine with unique version numbers. Ask the grid for capabilities so your tests runs can find the correct nodes on the grid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most time consuming: Removing the browsers version and reinstalling the version you want to test against.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another issue you will have is finding the older versions, but searching for them is possible. Directing you to all older versions is to broad for this question. For the Safari on Mac you might need older version of the operating system as Safari is only shipped with OS-updates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend using one of the online services if you really need to test and support a broad range of browser versions. Else just support the latest version and add a disclaimer that the users need to upgrade or expect possible issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T07:27:09.647" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13957" CreationDate="2017-08-13T07:47:46.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, ask interviewer what are the fields on the page and what are mandatory,&#xA;If you dont ask him, then he will question you back- why you considered the fields mandatory&#xA;then ask him, what are the possible valid values (like password should be alphanumric and not less tha 8 char)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that start your test cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the login screen is having option to enter username and password with submit button and option of forgot/reset password (button depends on question what interviwer asked)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that user is able to login with valid username and password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that user is not able to login with invalid/blank/not-registered username and/or password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that validation message gets displayed in case user leaves username or password field as blank&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that validation message is displayed in case user exceeds the character limit of the user name and password fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that there is reset button to clear the field's text&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify if there is checkbox with label &quot;remember password&quot; in the login page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the password is in encrypted* form when entered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that there is limit on the total number of unsuccessful attempts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For security point of view, in case of in correct credentials user is displayed the message like &quot;incorrect username or password&quot; instead of exact message pointing at the field that is incorrect. As message like &quot;incorrect username&quot; will aid hacker in bruteforcing the fields one by one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the timeout of the login session&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify if the password can be copy-pasted or not&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that once logged in, clicking back button doesn't logout user but for secured sites, user should be log out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify if SQL Injection attacks works on login page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check log in by upper and lower cases for same User nam&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If User name is email and if does not have @, then error messages should be relevant.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check '*' sign for mandatory fields&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check UI : all the fields are placed correctly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check the font, color, font size for characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;20 . test on different devies with different browser and their different version for safer side&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27441" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T07:47:46.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29046" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-13T08:01:51.273" Score="3" ViewCount="100" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing Coursera.org, I have given UserName, Password, Email, and got logged in. when again running the scripts to test other functionality it requires me to login again. Is there any solution for this? that I shouldn't have to login for a number of times to test other functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27328" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-13T18:33:41.620" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T20:18:18.630" Title="Why I have to login again and again to test an application?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29046" CreationDate="2017-08-13T10:46:28.983" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably because you close the browser at the end of each test. Which is good because then you test in isolation. But now the session's data is cleaned. Each new Selenium browser starts with a new clean session in order to not influence new test runs with older cookies and such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to re-use the current session, only close/quit the browser at the end of the test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could try to save all the cookies and sessions info after the first test and load them before the next test, but that feels overly complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T20:18:18.630" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T20:18:18.630" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29048" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-13T19:15:33.833" Score="1" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a framework for the popular e-commerce trading website platform (Amazon) – from scratch. I will be starting a new automation testing role, and, I need to get more practice before I start. Hence, the need to develop the framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done some research. A Simple Google search for any previous “Conquistadors” - that had done this before was fruitful. Sample code for their previous exploration &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/tjmaher/automate-amazon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;on GitHub.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was also a website with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tjmaher.com/2015/12/next-week-automating-amazon-how-i-am.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;more details.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, I  got some websites that I got more information from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;CodeProject (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeproject.com/articles/1013318/page-object-design-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/seleniumautomation84.wordpress.com/2014/03/06/page-object-model-tutorial-using-selenium-webdriver-in-c-visual-studio-and-vs-unittest-for-dummies/amp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stephen's Guide To Selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/engineering.thetrainline.com/2012/10/12/writing-automated-tests-using-page-object-design-pattern/amp/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The TrainLine.&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;I intend to use the Page Object Model – for obvious reasons.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any advice regarding how I can approach this task? Also, if you have any code – from a previous project that I can glean some ideas from, that will be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My plan is to write manual tests 1st (using different test techniques including +ve &amp;amp; -ve tests, state transition tests, Boundary Value Analysis, etc). Afterward, I will select easy,  straightforward tests &amp;amp; use them as my “smoke” tests (e.g login feature), then add more complex tests to build my framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your ideas are welcome. Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T08:34:54.347" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T16:51:27.637" Title="Questions Regarding POM Framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29049" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29050" CreationDate="2017-08-13T21:52:50.293" Score="1" ViewCount="155" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is more theoretical rather than code related. I am implementing a test through Selenium and my approach is to test the visual parts of my application(for ex. if all pages are visible, or if a specific element is placed in a page etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure in which category this test belong. In my mind it is not Unit Test because does not exam code behaviour. Neither Integration Test. I wonder if I can call this test Acceptance Test or User Acceptance Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27445" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T05:06:55.910" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T05:06:55.910" Title="Selenium testing category" Tags="&lt;selenium&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29049" CreationDate="2017-08-13T23:05:27.387" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are only testing the GUI of your application, then it is usually referred to as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GUI testing&lt;/a&gt;, which is often mistaken with GUI-based &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;system testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say you have a simple form with fields for first name, last name, address etc. In GUI testing, you would check if, for instance, the layout looks correctly throughout different browser or whether the validation of the form works as expected. GUI-based system testing aims to test the whole system via the GUI. For example, you would verify what the client sends to the server after the submit button is being pressed and how the latter responds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://galenframework.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Galen Framework&lt;/a&gt; is an example for GUI testing, whereas &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; is typically used for GUI-based system testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please bear in mind that the exact definition may vary from company to company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastActivityDate="2017-08-13T23:05:27.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29028" CreationDate="2017-08-14T04:58:58.600" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given successful installation you should be able to see &lt;code&gt;Step-by-Step Debugger&lt;/code&gt; entry under &quot;Run&quot; section of JMeter's main menu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/exJoR.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/exJoR.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Step By Step Debugger&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On start you will see debugger window where you will be able to inspect JMeter Variables, JMeter Properties, evaluate expressions and see JMeter log file &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bmkpA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bmkpA.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Step By Step debugger&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have latest JMeter version, you can always grab one on &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Downloads page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you have latest Step-by-Step Debugger plugin version, &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PluginsManager/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; can be used for installing plugins and keeping them up-to-date&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/step-step-debugger-jmeter-it%E2%80%99s-not-dream-anymore&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Step-by-Step Debugger for JMeter - It’s Not a Dream Anymore&lt;/a&gt; for comprehensive usage instructions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T04:58:58.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29048" CreationDate="2017-08-14T12:47:05.757" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't mention how much experience you have with coding. I would suggest that if you don't have at least a junior developer skill set, you should start by working through one of the many free online C# courses so you can get familiar with object oriented code principles, along with DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself), &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID_(object-oriented_design)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOLID&lt;/a&gt;, DAMP (Descriptive And Meaningful Phrases) etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend taking one or more online tutorials in Linq syntax since this is possibly the cleanest way to search for a specific element if you lack a unique HTML ID. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That done, your next step is to look at the page structure for your target site. Are there elements that are present on every page or almost every page? These become part of your base page object which is then inherited by all your other page objects. Always look for common features that can be used in an inheritance structure. (e.g. if you were coding animals, you would have a base &lt;code&gt;animal&lt;/code&gt; object with common methods like &lt;code&gt;breathe()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;eat()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sleep()&lt;/code&gt;. Your &lt;code&gt;mammal&lt;/code&gt; class would inherit from &lt;code&gt;animal&lt;/code&gt;, and add methods like &lt;code&gt;liveBirth()&lt;/code&gt;. Then &lt;code&gt;cow&lt;/code&gt; inherits from &lt;code&gt;mammal&lt;/code&gt; and adds methods like &lt;code&gt;isDairy()&lt;/code&gt; and so on).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From that basis, you can start building a series of page methods that will handle your assertions and your actions. Each action should return the next page object in your sequence, so you can build your tests as a series of actions ending with an assertion, along the lines of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;assert.True(&#xA;  LoginToSite(username, password)&#xA;  .SelectProduct(productName)&#xA;  .AddProductToCart(quantity)&#xA;  .CheckOut()&#xA;  .CheckOutScreenShowsCorrectQuantityOfProduct(productName, quantity));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T12:47:05.757" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29048" CreationDate="2017-08-14T16:26:04.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the fact you are &quot;developing a framework for the popular e-commerce trading website platform&quot; I can assume you do not have lots of experience. This is OK, everybody started will less experience and adds experience as you complete your projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should be developing a &lt;strong&gt;test suite for a platform&lt;/strong&gt; (not a framework), possibly using existing (or new) test framework. The whole point of a framework is that it is reusable for multiple projects. You don't start with framework, especially if you do not have vast experience in developing test suites. If you don't have existing framework, you can build it over multiple projects, as you gain experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So develop your test suite, and abstract (refactor out) the helper functions which are generic and not dependent on the platform into a &quot;framework&quot;. Likely you will need to refactor your tests (and your framework) multiple times as you learn more about problem areas and learn better ways to solve problems. &lt;strong&gt;This is normal&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, on your next project, try to use parts of the framework for it. You will likely find out that frameworks needs more changes you haven't foreseen first time around. &lt;strong&gt;Refactor some more - this is normal.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn also from others - read source code of other frameworks, see how they solve problems you are trying to solve, how their approaches are similar (if they are) or different, and why.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;After 3-5 projects&lt;/strong&gt;, your frameworks (parts you refactored out out your test suites) will become truly generic and usable. But &lt;strong&gt;you don't start with inventing a  framework,&lt;/strong&gt; because if you do, you will invent functions you think you may need but you don't. You start with solving real problems, and refactoring reusable parts to solve next problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One important design principle is YAGNI - You Ain't Gonna Need It: don't add functionality until you need it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-14T16:51:27.637" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T16:51:27.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25820" CreationDate="2017-08-14T18:01:50.583" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We recently switched from mocha to jest and in the process &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45620068/5-10-of-jest-builds-for-react-tests-fail-with-debugid-may-not-be-empty&quot;&gt;came across a flake&lt;/a&gt; which appears to due to a bug in react. Given the difficulty we had in investigating this issue and that it should be fixed in react 16, we too decided to take the approach of simply retrying the failing tests (the flake rate was ~3% and only when running multiple workers, so the likelihood of it appearing a second time when running a single test should be zero).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since there was no integrated option in jest to retry on fail, we had to work with what we had. We use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/jest-cli&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jest-cli&lt;/a&gt; in gulp, which provides a &lt;code&gt;result&lt;/code&gt; object passed to a callback upon completion of the test suite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;jest.runCLI(config, __dirname, (result) =&amp;gt; { })&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;result&lt;/code&gt; contains a &lt;code&gt;testResults&lt;/code&gt; object, which is an array of objects containing details on each test file including number of failing tests (within the file), error messages, and file path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The flake we saw (&lt;code&gt;debugID may not be empty&lt;/code&gt;) had a consistent error message which never appeared for any other test failure, so we could be confident that a flake had occurred. This knowledge, combined with the full path of the file in which the flake occurred, gave us enough information to retry flaky tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const FAILURE_MESSAGE = 'jest:modules found failing tests';&#xA;const FLAKE_ERROR_MESSAGES = ['debugID may not be empty'];&#xA;&#xA;function retryIfOnlyFlakyTests(result, done) {&#xA;  // get only the failing tests from the testResults object&#xA;  const failingTests = result.testResults.filter((testResult) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    return testResult.numFailingTests &amp;gt; 0;&#xA;  });&#xA;&#xA;  // select only the failing tests which have an error message that matches&#xA;  // what we know to be a flake&#xA;  const flakyFailingTests = failingTests.filter((testResult) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    return FLAKE_ERROR_MESSAGES.some((errorMessage) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;      return testResult.failureMessage.includes(errorMessage);&#xA;    });&#xA;  });&#xA;&#xA;  // if any non-flakes occurred, fail the test run&#xA;  if (flakyFailingTests.length !== failingTests.length) {&#xA;    done(FAILURE_MESSAGE);&#xA;    return;&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  // get the test file names of the flaky tests&#xA;  const failingTestPaths = flakyFailingTests.map((testResult) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    return testResult.testFilePath;&#xA;  });&#xA;&#xA;  jest.runCLI({&#xA;    config: {&#xA;      ...CONFIG,&#xA;      testMatch: failingTestPaths&#xA;    }&#xA;  }, __dirname, (result) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    if (result.numFailedTests &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;      done(FAILURE_MESSAGE);&#xA;    } else {&#xA;      done();&#xA;    }&#xA;  });&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;gulp.task('jest', (done) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;  const jestFiles = getJestFiles();&#xA;&#xA;  jest.runCLI({&#xA;    config: {&#xA;      testMatch: jestFiles&#xA;    }&#xA;  }, __dirname, (result) =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    if (result.numFailedTests &amp;gt; 0) {&#xA;      retryIfOnlyFlakyTests(result, done);&#xA;    } else {&#xA;      done();&#xA;    }&#xA;  });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27454" LastActivityDate="2017-08-14T18:01:50.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29057" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-14T19:36:11.110" Score="1" ViewCount="118" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to display more info on the JMeter console during the test execution in non-GUI mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to see the calls names next to the summary so I can know exactly what call has failed while running the test in &lt;strong&gt;non-GUI mode&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;The idea behind is to stop the test the moment I see the error and easy way to debug and identify the call. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For ex: one of the call name of script from the below screenshot is &lt;code&gt;&quot;SupportUnemploymentRequest_PJLReport_28_SOAPAction_RptReportProvider_GetReportWsDtoDataSetBytes&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Odel7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Odel7.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m8Yuk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/m8Yuk.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9258" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T05:02:24.080" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T05:02:24.080" Title="How to display calls name along with the Summary on JMeter Console during the test execution in non GUI" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29058" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29132" CreationDate="2017-08-14T21:09:58.240" Score="2" ViewCount="1328" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to use the page-objects gem in my selenium test projects, but before I can do that I need to get a small proof of concept project working so I can play around with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been following the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cheezy/page-object/wiki/Get-me-started-right-now!&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Get Started Now!&lt;/a&gt; guide on github, but for the life of me I can not figure out what I am doing wrong. Admittedly, I am a ruby newbie and there is probably a very big &quot;duh&quot; moment coming up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my practice page.rb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require 'page-object'&#xA;&#xA;class SearchPage   &#xA;  include PageObject&#xA;&#xA;  text_field(:searchBar, :id =&amp;gt; 'q')  &#xA;  button(:submitSearch, :name =&amp;gt; 'btnK')&#xA;&#xA;  def search(query)&#xA;    self.searchBar = query&#xA;    submitSearch&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def open()&#xA;    @browser.get 'https://www.google.com'&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def close()&#xA;    @browser.close()&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is my practice test.rb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;require_relative 'page'&#xA;require 'selenium-webdriver'&#xA;require 'test/unit'&#xA;&#xA;class SearchPageTest &amp;lt; Test::Unit::TestCase&#xA;    def test_search_page&#xA;        @browser = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome&#xA;        search_page = SearchPage.new(@browser)&#xA;        search_page.open()&#xA;        search_page.search('page-objects')&#xA;        sleep 5&#xA;        search_page.close()&#xA;    end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This fails at line 10 in the test (search_page.search...) with the error &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NoMethodError: undefined method `text_field' for #Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Driver:0x007fd37c1c1838&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the full stack trace:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Nates-MacBook-Air:Practice natesmith$ ruby test.rb &#xA;Loaded suite test&#xA;Started&#xA;E&#xA;================================================================================&#xA;Error: test_search_page(SearchPageTest): NoMethodError: undefined method `text_field' for #&amp;lt;Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Driver:0x007fe64d2c60d8&amp;gt;&#xA;/Users/natesmith/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.1/gems/page-object-2.2/lib/page-object/platforms/watir/page_object.rb:1067:in `instance_eval'&#xA;/Users/natesmith/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.1/gems/page-object-2.2/lib/page-object/platforms/watir/page_object.rb:1067:in `instance_eval'&#xA;/Users/natesmith/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.1/gems/page-object-2.2/lib/page-object/platforms/watir/page_object.rb:1067:in `process_watir_call'&#xA;/Users/natesmith/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.1/gems/page-object-2.2/lib/page-object/platforms/watir/page_object.rb:216:in `text_field_value_set'&#xA;/Users/natesmith/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.1/gems/page-object-2.2/lib/page-object/accessors.rb:203:in `block in text_field'&#xA;/Users/natesmith/Desktop/Ruby/Practice/page.rb:10:in `search'&#xA;test.rb:10:in `test_search_page'&#xA;      7:         @browser = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome&#xA;      8:         search_page = SearchPage.new(@browser)&#xA;      9:         search_page.open()&#xA;  =&amp;gt; 10:         search_page.search('page-objects')&#xA;     11:         sleep 5&#xA;     12:         search_page.close()&#xA;     13:     end&#xA;================================================================================&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Finished in 2.875252 seconds.&#xA;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;1 tests, 0 assertions, 0 failures, 1 errors, 0 pendings, 0 omissions, 0 notifications&#xA;0% passed&#xA;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;0.35 tests/s, 0.00 assertions/s&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Help, what am I doing wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27371" LastEditorUserId="27371" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T21:37:37.823" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T16:45:01.983" Title="How to implement the page-objects ruby gem with selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29059" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-14T22:01:25.180" Score="0" ViewCount="3611" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the html line for field I am trying to locate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;textbox&quot; name=&quot;txtUserLoginID&quot; maxlength=&quot;25&quot; value=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;text&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My XPath is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement username = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&#xA;&quot;html/body/form/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[2]&quot;&#xA;+ &quot;/td/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr/td[6]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/table&quot;&#xA;+ &quot;/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[3]/input&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it seems to not be working after that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt; functions, but neither works. I have tried using name and class but nothing works.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium: v3.4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox: v53&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;error:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{Using=xpath, value=//input[@name='txtUserLoginID'][@type='text']}&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27459" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T03:50:19.467" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T03:50:19.467" Title="Can't send values using sendKeys function in Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29061" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29057" CreationDate="2017-08-15T06:18:05.707" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have &quot;Action to be taken after a Sampler error&quot; setting in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; which defaults to &lt;code&gt;Continue&lt;/code&gt;. Just change it to &lt;code&gt;Stop&lt;/code&gt; and JMeter will automatically finish your test on first sampler failure. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WuHH9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WuHH9.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Thread Group Stop test&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alternative option would be adding a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Assertion&lt;/a&gt; which would print current URL to &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_streams#Standard_output_.28stdout.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;stdout&lt;/a&gt; for information purposes and stop the test in case of failure. Example reference code would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def success = SampleResult.isSuccessful() &#xA;println('Processing URL: ' + SampleResult.getUrlAsString() + '. Successful: ' + success)&#xA;&#xA;if (!success) {&#xA;    println('Failure, stopping test')   &#xA;    SampleResult.setStopTest(true)  &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/scripting-jmeter-assertions-in-groovy-a-tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scripting JMeter Assertions in Groovy - A Tutorial&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on 2nd approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T06:18:05.707" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29030" CreationDate="2017-08-15T09:58:21.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use a TV character such as the following&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/APoLo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/APoLo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T09:58:21.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29059" CreationDate="2017-08-15T13:53:46.040" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Because your Xpath is an &lt;em&gt;absolute&lt;/em&gt; Xpath (that is, you start at the top of the HTML DOM and trace through all the elements), it's very fragile. If any part of the DOM above the element you're looking for is dynamic, your Xpath breaks and the element can't be found. That means, for instance if one of the tables inserts a new row with a message, instead of &lt;code&gt;row[1]&lt;/code&gt; your target might be in &lt;code&gt;row[2]&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of this, you will probably get a better result if you use locators such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Id&lt;/strong&gt; - if your HTML element has an ID, this is the easiest and fastest way to find your element. ID should be unique and unchanging, but some frameworks do generate dynamic IDs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Name&lt;/strong&gt; - If Id isn't suitable, name can be a useful target, especially if the Name is unique to the page and not dynamic.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Linktext&lt;/strong&gt; - For any kind of anchor, link text or partial link text is often the best search method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Partial Linktext&lt;/strong&gt; - Partial link text can be used where link text is overly long, such as when other elements are embedded in links.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tag Name&lt;/strong&gt; - Searching by tag name will give you a collection of elements with the tag name, which you can then filter further by any of the other locators.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Class name&lt;/strong&gt; - Class name is particularly useful where your page uses dynamic IDs and names, particularly compound class names. If you have something like &lt;code&gt;class=&quot;first second third fourth&quot;&lt;/code&gt; each of &lt;code&gt;first&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;second&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;third&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;fourth&lt;/code&gt; is a class and can be used in your locator search.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Css&lt;/strong&gt; - CSS selectors are a little slower than class name selectors, because you're searching for specific style attributes on the element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;xpath&lt;/strong&gt; (relative Xpath only, to avoid the issues with an absolute Xpath) - A relative Xpath filter can help to locate specific elements. Using absolute Xpaths is bad news because any change to the page structure will cause the locator to fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22213" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T15:14:50.900" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T15:14:50.900" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29064" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29030" CreationDate="2017-08-15T13:55:29.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some real-world examples that had such dramatic consequences they are almost laughable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is a quite famous &quot;textbook&quot; example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wired.com/2010/11/1110mars-climate-observer-report/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Metric Math Mistake Muffed Mars Meteorology Mission&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(One NASA subteam used imperial units, and another used metric, resulting in a satellite failing to enter orbit around Mars and instead burning up in its atmosphere. Oops.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are many images such as this depicting bridges built from both ends that don't meet in the middle, which are funny even though they're fake:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZqqOo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZqqOo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;misaligned bridge&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2012/07/pier_for_the_new_inner_belt_br.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;But sometimes it really happens&lt;/a&gt;. It isn't quite as dramatic since in reality they build all the piers before building the decking.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;And of course, there's the &lt;a href=&quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Tacoma_Narrows_Bridge_destruction.ogv&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tacoma Narrows Bridge&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NwZd9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NwZd9.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-15T19:20:10.330" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T19:20:10.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29065" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28998" CreationDate="2017-08-15T13:56:32.907" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First off, with pen testing you will want to ensure all aspects of your application are tested.  This includes authenticated login and non-authenticated login.  If you are simply spidering the application to find all the URLs then login and try as that will ensure successful connection to all the URLs.  If you are pen testing via spidering and running additional tests on each URL then you will want to do both authenticated and non-authenticated tests to ensure each behaves the way it should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spring generates things based on the way it's setup and therefore will likely have a bigger structure than what appears to be on the surface.  This will likely increase spider time as the spider will reverse engineer the rendered structure to locate all the URL paths that may exist.  As the spider finds hidden things it will go down every possible path to locate URLs in the application.  This takes time and 10 min. although lengthy, seems reasonable depending on what all is running at the same time via ZAP.  URLs must be found, determined viable or not and many checks on these URLs are performed which requires network communication for the handshake checks of each URL.  I'm not positive about ZAP settings, but you might be able to adjust some of the settings in the spidering to only check a few things instead of whatever the default settings are.  If there are 3 checks on a URL and the handshakes takes 5 sec. now you could be at 15 sec. per URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Based on what I'm reading in the question there could be a performance improvement task on the application that you might want to look into.  It really depends on the specifics though and if the spider is taking a longer time on the spring arch URL setup and not the user facing GUI then that performance hit likely will never affect the user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, consider running the spider in headless mode to take out the GUI rendering time and speed up the process.  If this part makes it alot faster then you might also want to look into boosting performance in your GUI rendering.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T13:56:32.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29066" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29067" CreationDate="2017-08-15T18:44:05.713" Score="2" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm automating a web application and I have 2 things there :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;An administrator side, typically used for creating users, managing users, modifying the content etc (the list goes on)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A user login side to view such content etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I handle the automated testing for this? do I start by setting up the test via the administrator UI to create a user, then navigate to the user side, login and verify what I need?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would you typically setup the test by inserting a user into the database and using them for any user-side tests? Inserting via the DB for any administrators when testing that side?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm confused on where the flow of a test should truly begin,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login as admin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create user, setup appropriate privs all via UI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login as said user, execute the test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems very long winded, should i just setup a user in the DB as step 1 and then verify any user-side functionality that way ? repeating the above for the administrator side and never doing a full flow through both sides if that makes sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T05:24:38.580" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T05:24:38.580" Title="Best approach to Automation testing for this scenario?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29066" CreationDate="2017-08-15T19:01:18.490" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application has an API, handle all the permissions and business logic through API tests. They're faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach, assuming that I had the ability to restore a test database to use as my oracle would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Restore database as part of the test run setup.&lt;/strong&gt; The database should have all user accounts needed for the main tests, as well as some content to use for edit tests so that every test is independent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Group back-end and front-end tests.&lt;/strong&gt; Run the administrator tests as one test set, and the front end tests as a second set. It's up to you whether you use the same database or not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If possible, anything that permanently changes data should be an API test&lt;/strong&gt;. Creating your user, validating content, editing users... the outcome of these actions should be API tests rather than UI tests. If possible, your tests from the UI end should focus on things like UI validation, required fields, and so forth. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extract navigation into helper routines.&lt;/strong&gt; Your tests will be cluttered if you try to include login and navigation to your target page as part of the test, particularly since you're going to be doing a lot of similar actions there. Use helper routines and/or POM methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated full flow tests should be minimal.&lt;/strong&gt; At most one or two tests to cover the end-to-end functionality - the actions of loading multiple pages, entering data, saving, logging in, and logging out, will add a lot of time to your tests when you try to bring them all together.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This assumes that you're testing a well-designed application where the UI uses API calls to communicate with the back end. If your application is less modular and has the business logic tangled with the UI, you may have no choice about running a lot of end-to-end UI tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T19:01:18.490" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29068" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29030" CreationDate="2017-08-15T19:57:29.553" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seeing the dryer video reminded me of this. I don't have a picture but I have been to a movie theater where the automatic hand dryer is directly in front of the person, just slightly above the sink area (between the sink and the mirror). So right after you wash your hands, and there may still be soap bubbles/water in the sink, you go and put your hands under the dryer and all the sink's contents end up on your shirt/face! Oops!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13099" LastActivityDate="2017-08-15T19:57:29.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29069" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2017-08-16T02:04:20.787" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have enough reputation to comment, but I think Eduard Sukharev above has the best answer - i.e. to add a wait to your after step code, as this involves just a one line change that you can easily add/remove. This is how I've done it in a couple of frameworks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Behat, I added a sleep to the after step:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA;* @AfterStep&#xA;*/&#xA;public function after_step(AfterStepScope $scope) {&#xA;    //whatever else you want to do in the after_step&#xA;    sleep (x); //x is the number of seconds to sleep before continuing&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Robot framework, there's a function called 'Set Selenium Speed' which will wait the specified number of seconds between steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27475" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T02:04:20.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29059" CreationDate="2017-08-16T05:36:42.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;An absolute XPath should start with a &lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt;, yours isn't. Better would be to use the relative XPath &lt;code&gt;//input[@name='txtUserLoginID']&lt;/code&gt; (if name is unique). Even better would be to use &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;txtUserLoginID&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T05:36:42.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29059" CreationDate="2017-08-16T07:09:38.750" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Avoid the use of '&lt;em&gt;Absolute XPath&lt;/em&gt;' if possible in your coding to avoid future rework if there is any change in page structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your element is having attributes like &lt;code&gt;class, name&lt;/code&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;code&gt;Type&lt;/code&gt; then try to locate the element with the use of &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Relative XPath&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, you can try with the following element locators-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most suitable &amp;amp; fast element locator is- &lt;strong&gt;cssSelector&lt;/strong&gt;, so first try with this locator type.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By cssSelector:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;.textbox&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By Name:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;txtUserLoginID&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By className:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;textbox&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;By XPath:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@class='textbox']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@name='txtUserLoginID']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@name='txtUserLoginID'][@type='text']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@type='text' AND @class='textbox']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[contains(@class,'textbox')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[contains(@name,'txtUserLoginID')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similar way you can create your own dynamic XPath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T07:09:38.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29081" CreationDate="2017-08-16T07:44:15.357" Score="4" ViewCount="2977" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm aware of the test automation pyramid, unit/integration/gui based automated testing.  My question is, what does an integration test look like?  I was always under the assumption for the likes of a login scenario we would use GUI automation to handle it, however after more reading I'm not so sure?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option A&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Prep WebDriver &amp;amp; navigate to login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login as the user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert that the user has logged in&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option B&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP GET /Login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP POST Credentials&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP GET /Index&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Assert that the user is logged in, perhaps their name is in the response body HTML?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should we be always opting for Option B here? using something like REST-ASSURED and not using Selenium at all in this instance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you decide which to do via the GUI and which via the Service/API layer like this?  Obviously to me the API layer seems much more robust, changes to elements on the page will not break the tests etc but on the flip side, how will you know if the login button itself is properly functioning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T18:48:00.043" Title="What does Automated Integration Testing look like?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29075" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-16T09:23:43.800" Score="2" ViewCount="568" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm building an application with Angular2 and using Angular CLI, which works fine so far.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the requirements is to implement cross-browser testing. The App is being uploaded on the GitLab repo. I'm used to running a manual cross-browser testing directly on the different browsers before deploying to production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, the point which is still not 100% clear for me is how to achieve this kind of implementation of cross-browser and deployment all together on the repo? And how would this work with a GitLab Repo? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I did read the following &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17643/cross-browser-testing-for-website-built-in-angular-material&quot;&gt;post&lt;/a&gt;, but it does not exactly answer my question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27486" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T20:22:15.960" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T20:22:15.960" Title="How to implement cross-browser testing in Angular 2 app?" Tags="&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29075" CreationDate="2017-08-16T10:33:55.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You'll want to use the various different selenium drivers that can be used to run against different browsers.  You'll need either the browser or a similar 'browser driver' program, e.g. chromedriver which can be called.&#xA;Different browsers can also have different UI and timing issues so you'll need to discover if there are any of them in your app.  You'll want to look into using the cloud and setting up connection to remote servers and services such as browserstack and sauce labs.  Estimated time to implement: 1-3 months.  You should spend time getting it right.  Your automated pipeline is key to success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T10:33:55.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29079" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-16T11:14:40.657" Score="2" ViewCount="31846" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is correct format for using XPath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does XPath vary with the browser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;drchrome.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(.,'Google')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27487" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T11:32:02.300" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:15:20.740" Title="How to access a Hyper link using XPath" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29079" CreationDate="2017-08-16T11:33:10.857" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as i know xpath doesn't depends on any browser. Make sure you have created correct xpath it will work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second : It's depend on your tag which attribute it has and how efficient you are in xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example this is the simple hyperlink:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;https://stackexchange.com/questions?tab=hot&quot; name=&quot;hotnetwork&quot; class=&quot;js-gps-track&quot;&amp;gt;Hot Network Questions&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here i can create the xpath to locate the same in different ways like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@name='hotnetwork']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@class='js-gps-track']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR combine both attribute for uniqueness like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@name='hotnetwork'][@class='js-gps-track']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR if you want to access the link using its text then you can use &lt;code&gt;contains()&lt;/code&gt; method&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(text(),'Hot Network')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : It will locate the element based on match found with your given string (Hot Network)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you require to locate an element if self or its child tag contains some text then using dot &lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt; in contains method as you are using :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //a[contains(.,'Hot Network')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR you can use &lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; method like :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[text()=' Hot Network Questions'] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While using &lt;code&gt;text()&lt;/code&gt; method you have to pass the full link text including spaces else it won't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T11:40:09.200" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T11:40:09.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29073" CreationDate="2017-08-16T11:36:55.590" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The traditional test levels (unit/integration/system/… testing) usually do not make a statement about how the technical implementation takes place. Choosing a proper test interface is almost always a trade-off in terms of robustness, maintenance effort, test coverage, and performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your GUI is not too complex, I would choose option B and test against the API; especially if the GUI code simply adds some glue between the GUI and the API. You can still test the GUI separately with tools like the &lt;a href=&quot;http://galenframework.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Galen Framework&lt;/a&gt; and/or &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A related &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.eviltester.com/2017/02/should-i-test-at-gui-level-or-api-level.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog post by Alan Richardson&lt;/a&gt; suggests the following rule of thumb:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;build a model of the system such that you can identify the integration points and the ‘isolated’ shared functionality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Test isolated functionality at the lowest points you can.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Work back out to higher (or ‘peer’) levels of integration and abstraction and consider the system in terms of integrating systems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Look for unique functionality at the higher (or ‘peer’) levels of abstraction, you will need to test them there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;If you exercise unique functionality in isolation - by mocking out the integrating systems - then you might need to look at this from a technical risk perspective and decide if, or how much, you need to exercise it while integrated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-08-16T15:46:36.343" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T15:46:36.343" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29079" CreationDate="2017-08-16T11:44:14.290" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever you are trying to locate Hyperlink Element &amp;amp; you have &lt;code&gt;'/a'&lt;/code&gt; attribute, just forget about the XPath method and try using &lt;strong&gt;linkText&lt;/strong&gt; element Locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;title&amp;gt;My Page&amp;lt;/title&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;&amp;gt;Google&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this situation use: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Google&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T11:44:14.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29083" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-16T14:27:09.020" Score="3" ViewCount="541" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, here is part of my configuration with testing using Chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    prefs = {&#xA;    'download' =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        'default_directory' =&amp;gt; &quot;#{$myRoot}/PDF&quot;,&#xA;        'prompt_for_download' =&amp;gt; false,&#xA;    },&#xA;    'credentials_enable_service' =&amp;gt; false,&#xA;    'profile' =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        'default_content_settings' =&amp;gt; {'multiple-automatic-downloads' =&amp;gt; 1}, #for chrome version older ~42&#xA;        'default_content_setting_values' =&amp;gt; {'automatic_downloads' =&amp;gt; 1}, #for chrome new 46&#xA;        'password_manager_enabled' =&amp;gt; false&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome&#xA;caps['chromeOptions'] = {:prefs =&amp;gt; prefs}&#xA;&#xA;client = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Http::Default.new&#xA;client.read_timeout = 600 # seconds – default is 60&#xA;client.open_timeout = 600 # seconds – default is 60&#xA;&#xA;# @headless = Headless.new&#xA;driver = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, :desired_capabilities =&amp;gt; caps, :http_client =&amp;gt; client&#xA;&#xA;Before do&#xA;&#xA;    @browser = driver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am attempting to allow for use of Firefox as well using a similar set up as I found at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agiletrailblazers.com/blog/advanced-selenium-multiple-browsers-and-environments&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.agiletrailblazers.com/blog/advanced-selenium-multiple-browsers-and-environments&lt;/a&gt; , specifically by defining a getDriver method which uses a &quot;BROWSER=&quot; parameter in the command line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Before do |scenario|&#xA;  $url = getSiteURL&#xA;  $driver = getDriver&#xA;  $wait = Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(:timeout =&amp;gt; 5) # seconds&#xA;end&#xA;&#xA;def getDriver&#xA;    driverPath = ENV['DRIVERPATH']&#xA;    if ENV['BROWSER'] == &quot;firefox&quot;&#xA;      if ENV['DRIVERPATH']&#xA;        driverPath = ENV['DRIVERPATH'] + '/geckodriver'&#xA;        return Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, driver_path: driverPath&#xA;      else&#xA;        return Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox&#xA;      end&#xA;    elsif ENV['BROWSER'] == &quot;chrome&quot;&#xA;      if ENV['DRIVERPATH']&#xA;        driverPath = ENV['DRIVERPATH'] + '/chromedriver'&#xA;        return Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, driver_path: driverPath&#xA;      else&#xA;        # This may not work with newer versions of Selenium and firefox&#xA;        return Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome&#xA;      end&#xA;    else&#xA;      raise Exception.new(&quot;Unsupported browser: &quot; + browser)&#xA;    end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I made some changes where I set prefs, caps and client inside the definition, as well as expanding the definition for firefox, however, when I did that, I found that multiple Browser instances were being opened for each Scenario of the feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What should I change to avoid this, and how do I configure firefox to behave the same as how I have set up Chrome in the prefs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27495" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T23:32:56.277" Title="How do I configure my env.rb file to be able to switch browsers?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15725" CreationDate="2017-08-16T14:32:52.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Another thing to consider is, if you are agile ultimately the choice is up to you. There are conventions, but agile is intended to work in the best favor of the team. If you decide at some point that devs are best served focusing on dev work while testers are writing tests, then maybe that is the best approach for you. &#xA;&lt;/p&gt; The best part about agile is it should be whatever the team decides works. You should always start by following rigid guidelines and as the team gets used to the best standards and practices they can change to best suit their needs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21831" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T14:32:52.620" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29085" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29086" CreationDate="2017-08-16T15:05:30.867" Score="0" ViewCount="508" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate a portion of the platform that involves opening a third party editor (BeeFree) and add contents to the editor. The editor is used to create email templates and main content (text, images, dividers) need to be dragged/dropped into the main editor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to drag/drop elements using protractor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T15:40:55.850" Title="How to test a third party editor in protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29085" CreationDate="2017-08-16T15:40:55.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Protractor provides an example for drag and drop in their &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=webdriver.WebDriver.prototype.actions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;official API docs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.actions().&#xA;    dragAndDrop(element1, element2).&#xA;    perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;actions() in protractor extends the functionality in selenium-webdriver, further reading available &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/javascript/module/selenium-webdriver/index_exports_ActionSequence.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in the selenium-webdriver docs&lt;/a&gt; if you need more actions, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T15:40:55.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29088" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29156" CreationDate="2017-08-16T15:57:42.740" Score="1" ViewCount="699" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the Nigthwatch framework and I was wondering if it's possible to launch several sessions in a single script. So for example, in the same test, it launches two instances of Chromedriver and so you can test interactions between two client sessions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have checked on their website but I haven't been able to find any information concerning that. I only saw the option to launch test in parallel but it's something totally different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe Nightwatch is not made for this purpose?&#xA;I used to do that with Selenium and Python directly but I would like to improve these multiple-sessions tests with nightwatch.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T09:09:46.400" Title="Is it possible to run several sessions on Nightwatch for a single test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;nightwatchjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29089" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29073" CreationDate="2017-08-16T18:48:00.043" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can test various components: web service, web GUI, database, etc at different levels: unit, integration, acceptance/functional.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main thing that differentiates unit tests from integration tests is the context the tests are run in.  Unit tests can be run in isolation with no integration of any other components that make up the entire stack, making it easy to run as part of a build directly against the code.  Sometimes they are run using mocks to simulate those other dependent components.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration tests specifically target integration points between the component and its dependencies. Often, integration tests can't be run directly on the build machine as it may require an actual installed/deployed application, although this is becoming less and less of an issue with the use of containers like Docker where you can create an instance of a container with the application deployed and run tests against it.  The advantage of integration tests over full acceptance tests is that you can test much faster and at a much lower level - methods and code blocks (similar to unit tests).  If you move integration tests to execute directly against the UI, you aren't really gaining anything and may as well just skip them all together and call those acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From your description and the comments that the GUI is tightly integrated with the business logic I would suggest the following for testing the GUI:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unit tests: Javascript unit tests that test specific methods and code&#xA;blocks within methods. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration tests: Javascript tests run in the&#xA;context of a functional (or mostly functional) application that&#xA;includes dependent components (database, web service, queuing api,&#xA;etc).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Acceptance tests: WebDriver tests run against the UI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T18:48:00.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29083" CreationDate="2017-08-16T18:59:09.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the end of each scenario, you should be quitting the driver instance during teardown:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;$driver.quit&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2017-08-16T18:59:09.017" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-17T04:42:45.337" Score="2" ViewCount="6567" Body="&lt;p&gt;When exploring automation for Android with running appium server, I noticed using selenium webdriver my code works fine. In a previous example, I saw appium driver for ios automation. So what is the basic difference with selenium or appium webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26788" LastEditorUserId="26788" LastEditDate="2019-10-16T04:41:08.277" LastActivityDate="2019-10-16T04:41:08.277" Title="What is the difference between selenium vs appium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29092" CreationDate="2017-08-17T05:15:10.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium Webdriver -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support mobile web applications only&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;WebDriver has become the de facto standard for automating web browsers, and is a W3C Working Draft.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium Webdriver - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Support native mobile apps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This class inherits from the RemoteWebDriver class, but it adds in additional functions that are useful in the context of a mobile automation test through the Appium server. &lt;a href=&quot;https://discuss.appium.io/t/what-is-the-use-or-difference-between-androiddriver-iosdriver-appiumdriver-and-remote-webdriver/8750/2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;refer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T05:15:10.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29094" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-17T06:21:23.883" Score="21" ViewCount="3670" Body="&lt;p&gt;If an application is written in a certain language, e.g. Python, Ruby, Clojure, etc. should Quality Engineers use the same language to write the tests?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should this be a decision that we can apply to multiple applications written in different languages?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What factors should be considered and what are the advantages / disadvantages of using the same vs different language?&#xA;How does this relate to white box / black box testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27505" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T16:01:51.630" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T18:48:49.010" Title="Should application and automated test languages match?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29096" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29105" CreationDate="2017-08-17T10:49:01.903" Score="2" ViewCount="2809" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Page object pattern with Page Factory in selenium Webdriver with Java (as language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will my &lt;code&gt;inputSearch&lt;/code&gt; variable be still referencing to the same webelement on page, after refreshing the respective page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(id = &quot;inputSearch&quot;)&#xA;private WebElement inputSearch;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27511" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T12:04:05.227" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T21:53:42.457" Title="Will the variable be still referencing the same webelement on page after page refresh, while using PageFactory" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;page-factory&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-08-17T10:59:57.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many things to consider about automation test. What kind of tests are we talking about? Do you want to write end to end tests, unit tests? Are you working on a mobile or web application (maybe both)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Moreover do you work with other QA on automation or are you alone, do you have a good experience in programming or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're not comfortable with a specific language maybe you can do your tests in the same language as them (if possible) so if you need help or some programming tips, it can be a plus. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if your company doesn't specify any language for your automation tests, just use the language you feel comfortable with. There is no need to get headache on something you're the only one to manage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T10:59:57.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-08-17T11:00:31.160" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;My preference is as following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Primary: Use the same language when practical&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advantages:&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - code reviews can be shared for both app and test code&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - automated UI test writers can easily understand what unit tests cover&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - discussions use the same terminology without constant translation&lt;br&gt;&#xA; - reuse of infrastructure parts without change  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantages:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - testers may not have skills in the language used by application engineers&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - testers may lose their independence&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - testers may think more in terms of application code and less in terms of user experience  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Secondary: Use existing testing language expertise&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advantage:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - automation developers can apply existing expertise and knowledge&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantages:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - code reviews are harder&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - easier for devs and testers to have a gap between them&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - application and test code bases need to be kept in sync  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Tertiary: Use a default selenium language binding across the organization&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Advantage:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - automation developers can apply existing expertise and knowledge&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - reuse of techniques and practices&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - automation engineer can reuse code&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - easier to develop and share wait techniques&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disadvantage:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    - code reviews are harder when the application code is in another language&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T11:44:34.727" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T11:44:34.727" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29096" CreationDate="2017-08-17T11:09:08.967" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No,it will not refresh ,this function is used to search element, you have to add code&lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().refresh();&lt;/code&gt; by using this code you can refresh page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27510" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T11:09:08.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29092" CreationDate="2017-08-17T11:15:46.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium Webdriver-&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/COk2L.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/COk2L.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Selenium is a automation tool, its used for web applications testing. its open sources tool were in you can download and start using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium - Appium is also a automation tool, were in its used for mobile applications testing (android/iOS application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27510" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T11:15:46.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29101" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-08-17T12:03:26.850" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Michael said, there are a lot of advantages to the test team using the same language for their automated tests as the application language. About the only point Michael missed is that when both application and test automation use the same language, developers can help testers with automation code, allowing things like tester-developer pair programming while building tests (at all levels).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multiple applications in multiple languages&lt;/strong&gt; - I'd consider going with one language for the test automation so I can easily re-use any helper routines I've created. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Black box vs White box testing&lt;/strong&gt; - The choice of language for test automation isn't relevant to white/black box testing: what matters there is whether or not your test automation is examining the internal logic of the software you're testing. If you're testing external logic, such as selecting option A disables option B, it's black box. If you're testing internal logic such as calling function X with input value Y should call function Z, it's white box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T12:03:26.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29103" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-17T13:08:20.317" Score="2" ViewCount="83" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I'm working as a Business Analyst and I would like to quit my job and become a Test Engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my current job I do not use any technology so I think getting business analyst job is difficult, opportunities are less. Instead of wasting time searching for a business analyst job, can I become a software tester?  What skills are required?  What might I be missing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27513" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T13:35:13.993" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T05:31:25.733" Title="Skills required to switch a job from Business Analytics to Software Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29105" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29096" CreationDate="2017-08-17T13:16:41.253" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;PageFactory follows the LazyLoading design pattern where the variable initialization is delayed till the object is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, once you do the PageFactory.initElements(driver, this) the variables will be wired. Now if you have have not done any operation(sendKeys etc.) on the element inputSearch prior to the page refresh then you the variable will be refer to the same element you desire. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you have done some kind of operation on it(i.e. the variable is initialized), then you might get a StaleElementException.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T13:16:41.253" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-08-17T14:37:00.100" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;First level of your defense are unit tests, and they are written in your app language by definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For QA and automated integration/GUI/API/e2e tests you want to use the most productive language you can find, because (let's face it) test are not the billable code (even if without tests you cannot produce reliable billable code). I find I am more productive when using dynamically typed languages, like Python (and I have decades of experience using more than a dozen of different languages, so I earned my right to have opinion here).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So using the same language as app is beneficial if that language is optimized for productivity, and QA/e2e/AutoTest developers are really productive in it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OTOH is app language is optimized for performance (C, C++ and other statically typed languages), it might make sense to use language like Python for automated e2e tests, to keep the productivity up. Or for Angular app, you will use JavaScript in front-end but might use another language in backend. So makes sense to write e2e AT in JS, not in backend language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PS&lt;/strong&gt; - AT = Automated Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="19669" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T18:48:49.010" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T18:48:49.010" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29092" CreationDate="2017-08-17T14:46:15.480" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both Selenium and Appium implement WebDriver - W3C standard protocol for browser automation (Selenium was first and is basis for coming standard). IOW your selenium webdriver scripts should be able to work with both Selenium and Appium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is implemented in Java, Appium in JavaScript (which has nothing common in Java, name was a marketing ploy). Both have binding (WebDriver) for many languages (so you can use either from many languages), but if you are in 1% who want to hack on the core, one is in Java other is in JS. For 99% people who use them via WebDriver bindings and language of choice, implementation language makes little difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is concerned about automation of browsers but not native desktop apps. Appium is aimed at both (so Appium drivers need to drive also native apps, need to implement also actions like swipe, pinch etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T16:42:09.503" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T16:42:09.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2017-08-17T14:53:35.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been looking into this quite a lot over the past few days. By far the simplest way to solve this is to create a driver property, rather than a variable and add a wait to the get.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  private IWebDriver _driver;&#xA;    public IWebDriver driver&#xA;    {&#xA;        get{ Thread.Sleep(500);&#xA;            return _driver;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        set&#xA;        { _driver = value; }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that anytime your driver is requested, which is anytime you do anything in the browser, it will slow it down by the specified amount. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27521" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T14:53:35.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29096" CreationDate="2017-08-17T15:33:23.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;No. After refresh, you need to locate the element again (using same locator). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page factory is irrelevant. After refresh, all objects on the page are rebuild, so all references to previous versions (before refresh) are invalid.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T15:33:23.983" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29111" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-17T16:46:08.887" Score="2" ViewCount="144" Body="&lt;p&gt;I inherited a QTP/UFT script for a web page that has not been used in a long time and I want to get it running again. My challenge is because the page has been renamed, whenever I use the record button, it creates a new Repository object against the new name, not the old name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example.&#xA;The current repository is called:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Browser(&quot;Web Page&quot;).Page(&quot;Web Page&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the web page name has been slightly changed since this was previously run so recording anything new is storing everything in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Browser(&quot;Web Page Suite&quot;).Page(&quot;Web Page Suite&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I have to manually drag and drop everything into the old test object name so this one new statement will look like the other code, or rename the repository to the new web page name, then slightly rename the rest &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering what is the best practice for maintaining an object repository for writing decoupled code that can be reused rather than for the current point in time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27522" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T16:46:08.887" Title="Best Practice of Maintaining an Object Repository when web page renamed" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29112" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-17T17:06:16.200" Score="0" ViewCount="1766" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one API, who gives a dynamic response in terms of number arrays. I want to execute next API based on the count that I got in the first API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;API 1 Response:&#xA;{ &#xA;  &quot;Test 1&quot;: [&#xA;{Array 1},&#xA;{Array 2},&#xA;{Array 3}   ]&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;API 2 Request:&#xA;{Array 1},&#xA;{Array 2},&#xA;{Array 3} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried If controller but my API exectuing one time only though i have 3 array.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26456" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T07:06:20.597" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T07:06:20.597" Title="How to use Logic Controller in JMeter when I want to execute one application 'n' number of times" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29113" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-17T17:08:50.183" Score="2" ViewCount="8620" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to two applications :&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  A : is the parent application&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  B  : is the child application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the user has to access B , he needs to sign in to A , which creates a token, and then the user can access B with that token&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manually using post-man I was able to test the flow.   &lt;strong&gt;How can I write automation for the same flow. How can my automation test in B access the same token from A and use it ?&lt;/strong&gt; My automation will be using the RestAssure lib.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both the applications are in JAVA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manually using post-man this is what I have so far :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;curl -X POST \&#xA;  http://localhost:8080/applicationB/endpoint \&#xA;  -H 'authorization: Bearer &amp;lt;token_value&amp;gt;' &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got the token_value by login into A that created the token that I used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15002" LastEditorUserId="15002" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T17:31:11.363" LastActivityDate="2018-04-16T11:40:57.907" Title="How to test single sign on(SSO) application using a token" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29114" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-17T17:34:13.763" Score="0" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say a database has a listing of states and abbr. An application is creating invoices. Who 'owns' testing the quality of the data in the database: QA, Application, BA?  Would an application test all variations? Would this even be a business test or user acceptance test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27523" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T00:48:40.607" Title="Real data sets testing" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;data-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29114" CreationDate="2017-08-17T18:03:03.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is totally up to the way your org is setup.  In general I have seen this belong to the QA team as it is a quality metric.  I have also seen separate responsibility to the sales team etc... depending on what database it is being utilized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general though QA needs to have tests that verify data integrity throughout the application functionality.  Not testing data accuracy, but to be sure that the integrity of the data is consistent with expected behavior despite what functionality is being utilized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T18:03:03.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29114" CreationDate="2017-08-17T18:09:55.197" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whoever is performing the testing is responsible for ensuring their test data is correct. This does not mean this person is responsible for ensuring their test data is up to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing often cares much less about what the data actually is and much more about the families of data. If you're testing $5.43 as a sum, you probably don't also need to test $5.42. You might want to test $999.99 and $1,000.00 to make sure thousands are formatted properly (and that sub-thousand values don't have $,999.99 or something silly like that.) So as long as your test data covers all your test cases, you should be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of states (meaning US states) there's not much difference as far as your system is concerned between Alabama and Wyoming. They're both fields with a long name and a short name. If it works for one, it probably works for them all. Testing the first in the list, last in the list, and one in the middle is probably sufficient. If you've found a bug that says otherwise, add that test case. But you don't need to test all 50 states. And if Guam becomes a state, you probably don't need a new test for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for whether it's QA or BAT, well that depends on who is doing it and why they're doing it. At my firm regression testing is run against a new (within a few days) copy of the production database. If a bug is identified and it's the result of data not being in the test database that covers a case we didn't know, that data gets added to the test database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line is, if you want to test against a real dataset, that's fine. It might not catch all the bugs, because there may be families of data that aren't yet in the live data set but could exist later. You want to test those before there's a bug. But just because the data is live doesn't mean it's a RT, BAT, FT or any other capital T-test - what matters is what you're doing and why you're doing it. The data is just, well, data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="65" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T18:09:55.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-08-17T18:59:19.097" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no mandatory use of the application specific language to write tests. I've worked at places where application is .NET - my automation framework in Java; application is Java - my automation framework is .JS based. From my experience, picking up the programming language to do E2E tests really depends on the several questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What programming language am I most comfortable with?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Am I enforced to use some specific programming language at my job due to the management / leadership choice? (open source VS paid tools)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much help from the dev team would I need at the test scripting process if any impediments occur?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Am I in position to suggest what programming language is best for E2E test? (good online support, big community of users and so on)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T18:59:19.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29118" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28772" CreationDate="2017-08-17T20:13:27.133" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should probably avoid using UI automation if you need to do this 100 times.  I suggest using a tool that would make direct web requests.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/postman/fhbjgbiflinjbdggehcddcbncdddomop?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; would both work for this and be much faster and much more reliable than any UI automation.  SoapUI may be simpler if you are unfamiliar with creating web requests.  I prefer Postman, and would recommend it if you are more familiar with web requests and writing code. Both tools offer the ability to record web requests and then play them back, but it's a little simpler in SoapUI to get started.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T20:13:27.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-08-17T20:39:43.440" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When to use the same language as the app uses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you have enough technical qa's that know this language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you have/chosen a stable automation framework for this language&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dev's can help in writing automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dev's can help in writing additional libraries for the framework if needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why reasons to not use for choosing the same language as the app use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;programing language is not so known, too old or too new&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you have skills in the dev team, this will not help qa&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dev code review will not help much if they don't know the framework, what those methods do/return and what validation should use for that&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dev can understand code reviews, will not help if test are poor written and not efficient/maintainable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reuse of code from dev's, this will happen rarely or not at all, in the bast case dev's can help with a push forward when needed, but not in the log run&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you don't have enough technical qa's that are proficient in this language, if they are to few you might end with some code that you can never reuse and/or maintain&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our days.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Apps are written in multiple language and those languages should not influence you in choosing the right tool and the right language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to select few tools that you can use for automation, and choose the one that use a language your QA team has and also offer the rest of the things you need (reporting, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want everything to work smooth then:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create a coding standard and also use it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;educate your team to know how to use the tool&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;always improve, make sure you reuse as much as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use a design pattern and you have a strong architecture in your framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;keep a clean code, do weekly automation meetings&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;put someone in charge, like a framework/automation owner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;code reviews are very important, make sure enough people are doing the review and from them the key people like automation owner or a senior automation engineer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Plan &gt; Prepare &gt; Perform &gt; Perfect&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-08-17T20:39:43.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29120" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-17T23:49:03.890" Score="0" ViewCount="982" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I am trying to implement an &lt;code&gt;@warn&lt;/code&gt; tag. The idea is this test doesn't make an assertion and fail, but instead simply prints out a warning. I see this answer &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25150404/how-can-i-see-print-statements-in-behave-bdd/28551235#28551235&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;, but that only explains how to do it on command line or in Behave.ini file, but I don't want to turn it on for all tests, just ones tagged warn. I tried this in my environment file but with no success:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def before_scenario(context, scenario):&#xA;    if 'warn' in context.tags:&#xA;        # Set to immediately out rather than keep for fail&#xA;        stdout_capture = False&#xA;        stderr_capture = False&#xA;&#xA;def after_scenario(context, scenario):&#xA;    if 'warn' in context.tags:&#xA;        stdout_capture = True&#xA;        stderr_capture = True&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23813" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-17T23:52:25.830" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T18:55:27.830" Title="Turn on print, stderr, or stdout by tag during test run in Behave Python" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;behave&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29113" CreationDate="2017-08-18T09:57:37.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I know you don't need JWT token for this, you need other type of token, ask the dev in charge with this functionality to help you with the code, JWT token will be generated by the app in the headers authorization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SSO login using using visit&lt;/strong&gt;:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write method that generates the token&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write method that will form the url like this&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://localhost:8080/applicationB/endpoint?a=1&amp;amp;b=2&amp;amp;token=myS3cre7tokEn&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where a, b are your parameters with their values, and token has value  of your token.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use a method to visit/open this url&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SSO login using using regular login:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you should have a page where you can login as a regular user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;after that you will be redirected to your page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18490" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T09:57:37.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29125" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-18T09:59:20.723" Score="1" ViewCount="1589" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a beginner in Test Automation and I'm working on a web application like MS Paint and I'm facing a problem. Here is the test scenario: I will drag an element from the toolbar on the HTML5 canvas and then I have to verify using Selenium whether I got the expected result or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I firstly approached this problem and solved it by taking the screenshot of the canvas after the element will be dragged and dropped on it. Then I compared this screenshot with an existing image which was stored locally on my PC. The method I used was firstly checking whether the images were of same size or not and then comparing the pixels of each of those images. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But after that, another problem occurred. I was not able to verify the image when the current screenshot was taken on a device with a different screen resolution because my base image (locally stored) was of some other resolution. I searched on Internet but got no satisfactory result for this problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please help or suggest some other method to verify the result? Is it possible to verify the image dynamically?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27538" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T09:59:20.723" Title="Compare images on HTML5 canvas using Selenium WebDriver in Java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16330" CreationDate="2017-08-18T11:36:38.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I personally think that the relationship should be improved in both directions, on the Dev side and the QA side. From my young experience, I'm the only QA in the team and the relation with the developers is good, I have never experienced drama with any member of the team or any kind of complaints. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think this is due because we consider ourselves as equals and also because developers consider me as an help and not a constraint or someone who is here to annoy them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So I think there are few things to consider to have a good relation QA/Dev:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Developers have to accept that QA testers are here to help and they are not a constraint, there are here to help them on how to improve their code or their thinking on the Product&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;QA have to accept that developers can do mistake and create bugs, and so they have to explain issues in a detailed and correct way. There is no need to be angry at someone. If a fix is wrong it's probably because the scenario or the expected behaviour were not detailed clearly &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Moreover it's really important that QA and Devs work together  in the same area and not in different offices (when it's possible, I personnally have to deal with remote devs). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Personal touch: Congrats. It sounds stupid, but each time I close a ticket, I give a kudos to the developper because he has done a good job and they will appreciate that because you give value to their work. A small &lt;code&gt;Good job&lt;/code&gt; doesn't cost a lot but it could be efficient. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T11:36:38.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29127" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29166" CreationDate="2017-08-18T13:03:36.397" Score="1" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I have 3 web applications + multiple web services all housed under one project for test automation.  I'm allowing people to run what they &quot;need to execute&quot; using the mvn cucumber tag options, passing in some arguments there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me with a better approach to this? the end goal is to just have some maven files that can be called and tests against a particular product are executed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each product package has feature files/page objects/Step definitions inside of it and currently I am just heavily tagging up the .feature files and using maven arguments against the tags to run only what is necessary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T01:49:53.127" Title="Handling multiple products under one framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-08-18T13:20:23.410" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on who the (human) audience is for the tests. Typically I use two.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the big picture end, the best way for you and your client to be confident you have understood requirements is to have&#xA;tests that can be read as worked examples of each user requirement&#xA;in as close to English prose as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of this is back in the 90's I took the &quot;testing notes&quot; (which took my sales boss around 80 hours to do all the checks) and wrote a test framework that could understand a simplified (and rationalised) set of instructions that read like English, so where he wrote &quot;click Such and Such button&quot; and &quot;Enter 'some text' into Author field&quot;, that is what the test script said. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now days you would use something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/&lt;/a&gt; which you can use to test systems written in other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests that only the technical people care about the specific details&#xA;should be written in what is the simplest to write and clearest to read&#xA;by the technical team (Eg If the client asks for a sorted list, they won't generally care about how it gets sorted, just that it is sorted). The closer to unit testing you are, the more it makes sense for the test to be written in the same language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The xUnit test framework is one of the popular frameworks for unit testing in a multitude of languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27539" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T13:20:23.410" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29129" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29130" CreationDate="2017-08-18T14:32:35.073" Score="1" ViewCount="739" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am Using IntelliJ Idea 2016.3.4 and JDK 1.8. It has an inspection that claims the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;java: non-static method sendKeys(java.lang.CharSequence...) cannot be referenced from a static context&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(priority = 4)&#xA;public void requestSearchedISIN() {&#xA;    driver.get(CTACustomerRFQ.CustomerLanding_URL);&#xA;    customerRFQPage.typesearchedISIN(CTACustomerRFQ.ISIN);&#xA;    WebElement.sendKeys(Keys.DOWN);&#xA;    WebElement.sendKeys(Keys.RETURN);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already tried below steps, but it didn't work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;File--&gt;Project Structure--&gt;ProjectSettings--&gt;Project In &quot;Project&#xA;  Language level&quot; field select &quot;7-Diamonds, ARM, Multi-catch etc&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should I resolve this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T14:52:23.517" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T16:42:33.813" Title="non-static method sendKeys(java.lang.CharSequence...) cannot be referenced from a static context" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29129" CreationDate="2017-08-18T14:43:46.090" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; is a class &lt;strong&gt;type&lt;/strong&gt;. You need an &lt;strong&gt;instance&lt;/strong&gt; of &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//create the instance of the element you want to interact with&#xA;WebElement yourElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;lt;your id goes here&amp;gt;));&#xA;//use that instance&#xA;yourElement.sendKeys(&quot;some text you want to send to your element&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Why?:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;sendKeys&lt;/code&gt; is a &lt;code&gt;non-static&lt;/code&gt; method, meaning it can only be called when you have an &lt;strong&gt;instance&lt;/strong&gt; of the class it's in, in this case &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;static&lt;/code&gt; methods on the other hand, don't need an &lt;strong&gt;instance&lt;/strong&gt; to be called. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider the situation to understand why the &lt;code&gt;Selenium&lt;/code&gt; devs chose to make &lt;code&gt;sendKeys&lt;/code&gt; and other methods that interact with a webelement &lt;code&gt;non-static&lt;/code&gt;. Would it make sense to &lt;code&gt;click&lt;/code&gt; a &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; when that object isn't actually attached to an actual element yet? Of course not. This is why you can only use those methods after you have located the element and created an &lt;em&gt;instance&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It looks like you're trying to script some keyboard commands to the overall page instead of trying to interact with the elements directly. Selenium &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;s allow you to interact directly with an element, so you don't have to try to tab your way (Or press arrow keys) to the element you want to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24457" LastEditorUserId="24457" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T16:42:33.813" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T16:42:33.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12912" CreationDate="2017-08-18T15:09:21.253" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd go with a two way approach, first make sure the Image can even be loaded, for this you could just use an HttpURLConnection. This could look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Boolean checkLinks(WebElement Im, String MarkerForRelativeUrls) {&#xA;        int Response = 0;&#xA;        String Source = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            Source = Im.getAttribute(&quot;src&quot;);&#xA;            if (Source.equals(&quot;#&quot;))&#xA;                return false;&#xA;            if (Source.startsWith(MarkerForRelativeUrls)) {&#xA;                String BaseUrl = new URL(driver.getCurrentUrl()).getHost();&#xA;                Source = BaseUrl + Source;&#xA;            }&#xA;            HttpURLConnection Connect = (HttpURLConnection) (new URL(Source)).openConnection();&#xA;            Response = Connect.getResponseCode();&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Responsecode: &quot; + Response);&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            // TODO: handle exception&#xA;        }&#xA;        if (!((Response + &quot;&quot;).startsWith(&quot;4&quot;) || (Response + &quot;&quot;).startsWith(&quot;5&quot;))) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Valid Source:&quot; + ((Source == null) ? &quot;null&quot; : Source));&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Invalid Source:&quot; + ((Source == null) ? &quot;null&quot; : Source));&#xA;            return false;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this returns true you know the the image source exist.&#xA;Part two is making sure your Image is a really an Image for this you could use something along the lines of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;static Boolean checkImageValidity(WebElement Im){&#xA;    String Source = Im.getAttribute(&quot;src&quot;);&#xA;    try{&#xA;    BufferedImage img=ImageIO.read(newURL(Source));&#xA;    return true;&#xA;    catch(IllegalArgumentException e){&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It returns true if it can successfully create an instance of BufferedImage from the given source. &#xA;At last you could use &lt;code&gt; Im.getSize &lt;/code&gt; to make sure the Image has the correct dimensions. At this point you can be quite sure that your image can be displayed and any problem with it will be an issue with the clients browser. If you assign the image data to an outside variable or do an BufferedImage/null return instead of a bool you can do a lot of Image comprehension with this (for example if the content of the image is important). If you need anything else, just ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastEditorUserId="18800" LastEditDate="2017-08-19T03:10:17.437" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T03:10:17.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29132" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29058" CreationDate="2017-08-18T16:45:01.983" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It looks like page-object is using the Watir implementation instead of the Webdriver implementation, and since Webdriver does not have a text_field property (while Watir does) it is failing.  I am not sure why it is trying to use Watir since your implementation matches the documentation for the page-object gem.  It looks like someone is having a similar issue with the latest version: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cheezy/page-object/issues/439&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cheezy/page-object/issues/439&lt;/a&gt;. You might try using an older version of the page-object gem until that gets resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1112" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T16:45:01.983" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26115" CreationDate="2017-08-18T18:34:52.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMO you are solving the wrong problem.  If you have the same JMX file, differing only in what environment (url) it is running against, the script to write is one that generates a jmx file.  There are a lot of ways to do this, but I use the ruby lib &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/flood-io/ruby-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ruby-jmeter&lt;/a&gt; which allows me to generate a jmx file that will run against a specified environment, with a specified number of threads, duration, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach gives you far more flexibility and will absolutely save you time in the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23807" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T18:34:52.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29134" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29273" CreationDate="2017-08-18T19:12:56.483" Score="1" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario:&lt;/strong&gt; I am using a cucumberJVM setup using a parallel cucumberJVM plugin which creates separate runner files for every feature file.  I want to handle my setup &amp;amp; teardown independently, since cucumberJVM does not support &lt;strong&gt;global&lt;/strong&gt; hooks (or so I'm lead to believe), what is the best way to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ive tried adding a runListener with junit + maven surefire plugin:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;property&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;RunListener&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;value&amp;gt;/src/test/java/testRunner/setupTeardown.java&amp;lt;/value&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/property&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.Description;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.Result;&#xA;import org.junit.runner.notification.RunListener;&#xA;&#xA;public class setupTeardown extends RunListener {&#xA;&#xA;    public void testRunStarted(Description description) throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;RUN STARTED ____!!!!&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    public void testRunFinished(Result result) throws Exception {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Run finished!&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I making a basic mistake somewhere?  I can't seem to get my listener executing the &lt;code&gt;testRunStarted&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Finished()&lt;/code&gt; methods executing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-18T19:13:54.740" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T20:07:59.200" Title="Junit Setup &amp; Teardown when using parallel cucumberJVM with auto generated test runner files" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29083" CreationDate="2017-08-18T19:49:16.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a solution I have found through much more poking around with the items I listed in my original question, which will stop multiple windows from opening, and works with the most recent geckodriver for Firefox.  This actually works now, and now I just have to properly configure the Firefox preferences, and profile as well.  Right now, I cannot seem to get this to quite work and will have the window size fluctuate as opposed to staying maximized, but I would say I am about 90% there&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def getDriver&#xA;    case ENV['BROWSER']&#xA;        when &quot;Chrome&quot;&#xA;            prefs = {&#xA;                'download' =&amp;gt; {&#xA;                    'default_directory' =&amp;gt; &quot;#{$myRoot}/PDF&quot;,&#xA;                    'prompt_for_download' =&amp;gt; false,&#xA;                },&#xA;                'credentials_enable_service' =&amp;gt; false,&#xA;                'profile' =&amp;gt; {&#xA;                    'default_content_settings' =&amp;gt; {'multiple-automatic-downloads' =&amp;gt; 1}, #for chrome version older ~42&#xA;                    'default_content_setting_values' =&amp;gt; {'automatic_downloads' =&amp;gt; 1}, #for chrome new 46&#xA;                    'password_manager_enabled' =&amp;gt; false&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome&#xA;            caps['chromeOptions'] = {:prefs =&amp;gt; prefs}&#xA;            client = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Http::Default.new&#xA;            client.read_timeout = 600 # seconds – default is 60&#xA;            client.open_timeout = 600 # seconds – default is 60&#xA;            return Watir::Browser.new :chrome, :desired_capabilities =&amp;gt; caps, :http_client =&amp;gt; client&#xA;        when &quot;Firefox&quot;&#xA;            prefs = {&#xA;                'download' =&amp;gt; {&#xA;                    'default_directory' =&amp;gt; &quot;#{$myRoot}/PDF&quot;,&#xA;                    'prompt_for_download' =&amp;gt; false,&#xA;                },&#xA;                'credentials_enable_service' =&amp;gt; false,&#xA;                'profile' =&amp;gt; {&#xA;                    'default_content_settings' =&amp;gt; {'multiple-automatic-downloads' =&amp;gt; 1}, #for chrome version older ~42&#xA;                    'default_content_setting_values' =&amp;gt; {'automatic_downloads' =&amp;gt; 1}, #for chrome new 46&#xA;                    'password_manager_enabled' =&amp;gt; false&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.firefox&#xA;            caps['firefoxOptions'] = {:prefs =&amp;gt; prefs}&#xA;            client = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Http::Default.new&#xA;            client.read_timeout = 600 # seconds – default is 60&#xA;            client.open_timeout = 600 # seconds – default is 60&#xA;            return Watir::Browser.new :firefox, :desired_capabilities =&amp;gt; caps, :http_client =&amp;gt; client&#xA;    end&#xA;end &#xA;&#xA;# @headless = Headless.new&#xA;driver = getDriver&#xA;# Watir::Browser.new :chrome, :desired_capabilities =&amp;gt; caps, :http_client =&amp;gt; client&#xA;&#xA;Before do&#xA;&#xA;    # @headless.start&#xA;    @browser = driver&#xA;    @browser.window.maximize&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27495" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T19:49:16.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14319" CreationDate="2017-08-18T20:03:10.900" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So - short answer - YES. I recommend it.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use MD in my test-case documentation quite a bit in JIRA, and as you mention, it is especially useful for making test-structure easy to read. I like to use it especially for given-when-then style notation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An example of how I use it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**given** &#xA;&amp;gt; my test environment has been set up correctly&#xA;**and** some other conditions are met&#xA;&#xA;**when** &#xA;&amp;gt; I push _the big red button_&#xA;&#xA;**then** &#xA;&amp;gt; _the big red light_ should flash **and** _the alarm_ should sound&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;results in it being rendered similarly to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;given&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;my test environment has been set up correctly&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; some other conditions are met&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;when&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I push &lt;em&gt;the big red button&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;then&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;the big red light&lt;/em&gt; should flash &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;the alarm&lt;/em&gt; should sound&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7872" LastActivityDate="2017-08-18T20:03:10.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29139" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29140" CreationDate="2017-08-18T21:51:26.783" Score="1" ViewCount="110" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a QTP test case and wanted to expand it to test multiple user role types.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It should pass for high privilege users and fail for low privilege users at various points depending on what page they have access to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how these should be reported, as passes or fails for the negative testing. As an involved tester, I would understand the red means they are working as designed, but could give someone a false sense of what the test accomplishes. A non-technical person like my manager or project manager might not understand that red portion and think there is a problem and want them to report green. Is there a best practice for reporting a lot of negative functional tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27522" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T01:15:36.593" Title="How to report and record a negative test case" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;hp-uft&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;&lt;negative-test&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29139" CreationDate="2017-08-19T01:15:36.593" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;They should be marked as succeeding, not failing.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test itself is to validate that low privilege users can't access things that they aren't permitted to, so a successful test is one in which they are unable to access the resource, and a failing test is one where they can access the resource.  The test case should be written as such, and not rely on the tester to remember that these tests are supposed to fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T01:15:36.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29141" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29114" CreationDate="2017-08-19T01:28:30.333" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, there are two pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, there should be documentation somewhere on what the data in the state abbreviation database should look like.  Worst case, it's in the code.  That's what you write the tests against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, the data you use should be a copy of the production data.  You shouldn't be maintaining your own test databases that could diverge from what's in production, you should, on a regular basis, be getting copies (possibly sanitized copies) of the production data, and using that in your testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because it's how the application behaves with the data that's in production that matters.  If you have an application that works fine with the test database, but blows up with the data in the production database, you have a failing application in production.  I'm sure at that point there would be lots of finger pointing, but it's best to avoid that and just use a copy of the production database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the data in the production database needs to be protected/formatted in a specific way, you can always write that into the application, and test that it will reject invalid data, and some databases will let you put constraints on the data format, so you could use that as well, if you want to additionally guarantee data integrity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-08-20T00:48:40.607" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T00:48:40.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29114" CreationDate="2017-08-19T04:41:43.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends on the agreed scope of testing.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your team has developed the invoicing application and that is the scope of your testing then the QA team does not own the testing the quality of the data in the database (states and abbr). In fact nobody from your project team owns that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as accountability for an error with this data is concerned; the team that did the implementation of state/abbr data should be held responsible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because while working on this application for generating invoices; the assumption is that all the data that is being pulled from different sources has been tested and is correct. This assumption should be clearly stated in the project  plan/test plan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Invoices display a lot of data from different tables and sometimes from different databases. As long as that data is pulled and displayed in the invoice; the application is working fine. And if you start testing the source data for everything that is displayed in the invoice then you will increase your scope by many folds. But, in any case if that is defined in the scope of your project and estimates have been provided for the same then it will land in the bucket of QA team to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if the states/abbr related data is displayed on invoices and if you observe that the data related to states and abbr is incorrect then you can share this observation with your PO/PM/QM;and can say it out loud that this issue has a severe impact on generated invoices; and your job is done. But, testing this data is not an obligation for you if not defined in the scope. You are just doing it for value addition.&#xA;I mean if for the state of &quot;Washington&quot; the abbreviation is mentioned as &quot;XYZ&quot; and it is displaying the same way in your invoice, then your job is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you shared your observation, it's the job of the management to decide what went wrong with that data? Who will fix this issue? Who will test this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apart from this, if anything else is wrong with the generated invoices (within your scope of testing) , then testing team is accountable for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To bring the testing of states and abbreviations testing under your umbrella, the scope needs to be redefined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T04:41:43.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29144" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-19T09:59:30.120" Score="2" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here I am looking for testing tool for mobile, What is the single best open source mobile automation tool(for iOS and Android both) for mobile application testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T09:59:30.120" Title="What is the single best open source mobile automation tool(for iOS and Android) for mobile application testing" Tags="&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-08-19T11:53:50.617" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29145" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29272" CreationDate="2017-08-19T11:47:29.223" Score="1" ViewCount="12531" Body="&lt;p&gt;If i run inside eclipse -&gt; Run As -&gt; Maven test, I have an allure-results directory created no problem in /target - Great!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I call mvn from the command line and pass in some arguments.... I have no allure-results folder generated, I am very confused.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why would some arguments not be resulting in successful build of allure-reports?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of creating /allure-reports, when i pass in my arguments I can see instead a /cucumber-parallel directory, I assume there is a problem with my POM.XML?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.0.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.hamcrest&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;hamcrest-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.0.0.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-server&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.0.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;     &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;ru.yandex.qatools.allure&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.6.3&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;info.cukes&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.2.4&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.12&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.google.guava&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;guava&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;16.0.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;net.masterthought&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-reporting&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.7.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.microsoft.sqlserver&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;mssql-jdbc&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;6.1.0.jre8&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.codehaus.jackson&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;jackson-core-asl&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.9.13&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.github.temyers&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.1.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;profiles&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;profile&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;read-properties&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;activation&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;file&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;exists&amp;gt;src/test/resources/config.properties&amp;lt;/exists&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/file&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/activation&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.codehaus.mojo&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;properties-maven-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.0-alpha-2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;phase&amp;gt;validate&amp;lt;/phase&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;read-project-properties&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;files&amp;gt;&#xA;                                &amp;lt;file&amp;gt;src\test\resources\config.properties&amp;lt;/file&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;/files&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/profile&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/profiles&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.github.temyers&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.1.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;generateRunners&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;phase&amp;gt;generate-test-sources&amp;lt;/phase&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;generateRunners&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;!-- Mandatory --&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;!-- comma separated list of package names to scan for glue code --&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;glue&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;package&amp;gt;webDriver&amp;lt;/package&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;package&amp;gt;censored&amp;lt;/package&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;package&amp;gt;censored2&amp;lt;/package&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;package&amp;gt;testRunner&amp;lt;/package&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/glue&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;outputDirectory&amp;gt;${project.build.directory}/generated-test-sources/cucumber&amp;lt;/outputDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;!-- The directory, which must be in the root of the runtime classpath, containing your feature files.  --&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;featuresDirectory&amp;gt;src/test/java/&amp;lt;/featuresDirectory&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;!-- Directory where the cucumber report files shall be written  --&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;cucumberOutputDir&amp;gt;target/cucumber-parallel&amp;lt;/cucumberOutputDir&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;!-- comma separated list of output formats json,html,rerun.txt --&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;format&amp;gt;json&amp;lt;/format&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;!-- CucumberOptions.strict property --&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;strict&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/strict&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;!-- CucumberOptions.monochrome property --&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;monochrome&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/monochrome&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;!-- The tags to run, maps to CucumberOptions.tags property you can pass ANDed tags like &quot;@tag1&quot;,&quot;@tag2&quot; and ORed tags like &quot;@tag1,@tag2,@tag3&quot; --&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;tags&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tags&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;!-- If set to true, only feature files containing the required tags shall be generated. --&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;filterFeaturesByTags&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/filterFeaturesByTags&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;!-- Generate TestNG runners instead of default JUnit ones. --&amp;gt; &#xA;         &amp;lt;useTestNG&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/useTestNG&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;!-- The naming scheme to use for the generated test classes.  One of 'simple' or 'feature-title' --&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;namingScheme&amp;gt;simple&amp;lt;/namingScheme&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- The class naming pattern to use.  Only required/used if naming scheme is 'pattern'.--&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;namingPattern&amp;gt;Parallel{c}IT&amp;lt;/namingPattern&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- One of [SCENARIO, FEATURE]. SCENARIO generates one runner per scenario.  FEATURE generates a runner per feature. --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;parallelScheme&amp;gt;FEATURE&amp;lt;/parallelScheme&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;     &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-compiler-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;encoding&amp;gt;UTF-8&amp;lt;/encoding&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;source&amp;gt;1.7&amp;lt;/source&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;target&amp;gt;1.7&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;compilerArgument&amp;gt;-Werror&amp;lt;/compilerArgument&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-failsafe-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.18.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;ru.yandex.qatools.allure&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;allure-maven-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.6&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.19.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;testFailureIgnore&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/testFailureIgnore&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;argLine&amp;gt;&#xA;         -javaagent:${settings.localRepository}/org/aspectj/aspectjweaver/${aspectj.version}/aspectjweaver-${aspectj.version}.jar&#xA;         -Dcucumber.options=&quot;--plugin ru.yandex.qatools.allure.cucumberjvm.AllureReporter&quot;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/argLine&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;property&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;RunListener&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;value&amp;gt;/src/test/java/testRunner/setupTeardown.java&amp;lt;/value&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/property&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;forkCount&amp;gt;10&amp;lt;/forkCount&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;reuseForks&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/reuseForks&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;includes&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;include&amp;gt;**/*IT.class&amp;lt;/include&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/includes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.aspectj&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;aspectjweaver&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;${aspectj.version}&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;pluginManagement&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;!--This plugin's configuration is used to store Eclipse m2e settings only. It has no influence on the Maven build itself.--&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.eclipse.m2e&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;lifecycle-mapping&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.0.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;lifecycleMappingMetadata&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;pluginExecutions&amp;gt;&#xA;                                &amp;lt;pluginExecution&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;pluginExecutionFilter&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            org.codehaus.mojo&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            properties-maven-plugin&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;versionRange&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            [1.0-alpha-2,)&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/versionRange&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;&#xA;                                                read-project-properties&#xA;                                            &amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;/pluginExecutionFilter&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;action&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;ignore&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ignore&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;/action&amp;gt;&#xA;                                &amp;lt;/pluginExecution&amp;gt;&#xA;                                &amp;lt;pluginExecution&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;pluginExecutionFilter&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            com.github.temyers&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;versionRange&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            [4.1.0,)&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/versionRange&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                                            &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;generateRunners&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;/pluginExecutionFilter&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;action&amp;gt;&#xA;                                        &amp;lt;ignore&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ignore&amp;gt;&#xA;                                    &amp;lt;/action&amp;gt;&#xA;                                &amp;lt;/pluginExecution&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;/pluginExecutions&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/lifecycleMappingMetadata&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/pluginManagement&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-19T11:55:13.410" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T15:51:38.487" Title="Allure reports do not generate results when calling mvn test with arguments" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28717" CreationDate="2017-08-19T13:04:13.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do &lt;code&gt;curl -X GET http://selenium_hub_host:4444/grid/api/hub/ -d '{&quot;configuration&quot;:[&quot;newSessionRequestCount&quot;]}'&lt;/code&gt; to get the pending requests. Based on this you can use &lt;code&gt;httpclient&lt;/code&gt; API in &lt;code&gt;java&lt;/code&gt; as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27544" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T13:04:13.903" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29114" CreationDate="2017-08-19T15:19:31.427" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Who 'owns' testing the quality of the data in the database: QA,&#xA;  Application, BA? Would an application test all variations? Would this&#xA;  even be a business test or user acceptance test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every shop decides how static database content gets tested and who &quot;owns&quot; that testing. For some shops, QA would be the owner. For other shops, the DBAs would own it. In some cases, a script would build and populate the table. The Devs would develop the script and QA would test the script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here, the list of states and abbreviations seems to be an integral part of the application system. Thus, I'd expect QA to &quot;test&quot; it in my shop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the requirement here is that this be a complete list of States and official Post Office abbreviations, it would likely be sufficient to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure that the application uses this table whenever it should&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List and read the table for completeness and correctness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's likely no need to &quot;test all variations&quot; here. But when in doubt, ask your boss.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2017-08-19T23:11:18.647" LastActivityDate="2017-08-19T23:11:18.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29148" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-19T21:01:48.273" Score="4" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to use a observerinbackground to watch for some image that might apper over the region im interested.&#xA;I have an idea where this image might appear.&#xA;I've tried to create a subregion with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;watcher=Region(inviter)&#xA;watcher.setY(420)&#xA;watcher.setW(80)&#xA;watcher.setH(130)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but i have no idea if my watcher has the correct coordinates.&#xA;I need a way to verify it somehow. Some popup window or maybe a way to save it to disk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27545" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T16:23:40.450" Title="How to check a subregion with SIKULI" Tags="&lt;sikuli&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29149" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29150" CreationDate="2017-08-20T17:46:49.307" Score="0" ViewCount="2809" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a site where the name of the ID depends on some variables that I can't control.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the ID can either be &quot;sub_allGoods_4&quot;, &quot;sub_allGoods_12&quot; or whatever number:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;sub_allGoods_4&quot;]').text&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to use a * like to cover those cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id=&quot;sub_allGoods_**&quot;]').text&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27552" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-08-20T17:55:59.793" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T17:55:59.793" Title="How to find element with find_element_by_xpath multiple names selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29150" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29149" CreationDate="2017-08-20T17:54:50.487" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, use the &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; function:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[contains(@id, 'sub_allGoods_')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-08-20T17:54:50.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29112" CreationDate="2017-08-21T04:04:20.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you have the following JSON:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;Test 1&quot;: [&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;foo&quot;: 1&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;bar&quot;: 2&#xA;    },&#xA;    {&#xA;      &quot;baz&quot;: 3&#xA;    }&#xA;  ]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1. Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_PostProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 PostProcessor&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the request which produces the above JSON and put the following code into &quot;Script&quot; area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def json = new groovy.json.JsonSlurper().parse(prev.getResponseData())&#xA;def array = json.get('Test 1')&#xA;array.eachWithIndex { item, index, jmeterindex = index + 1 -&amp;gt;    &#xA;    vars.put('array_' + jmeterindex,new groovy.json.JsonOutput().toJson(item))&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#ForEach_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ForEach Controller&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan (somewhere after the main request) and configure it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Input variable prefix: &lt;code&gt;array&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Output variable name: &lt;code&gt;current_array&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler as a child of the ForEach Controller. You should be able to refer the array value as &lt;code&gt;${current_array}&lt;/code&gt; where required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FRvJ2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FRvJ2.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Iterate JSON Array With Groovy&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://groovy-lang.org/json.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy: Parsing and producing JSON&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/groovy-new-black&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache Groovy - Why and How You Should Use It&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example test plan:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;jmeterTestPlan version=&quot;1.2&quot; properties=&quot;3.2&quot; jmeter=&quot;3.2 r1790748&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;TestPlan guiclass=&quot;TestPlanGui&quot; testclass=&quot;TestPlan&quot; testname=&quot;Test Plan&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;TestPlan.comments&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;boolProp name=&quot;TestPlan.functional_mode&quot;&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/boolProp&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;boolProp name=&quot;TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups&quot;&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/boolProp&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;TestPlan.user_defined_variables&quot; elementType=&quot;Arguments&quot; guiclass=&quot;ArgumentsPanel&quot; testclass=&quot;Arguments&quot; testname=&quot;User Defined Variables&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;collectionProp name=&quot;Arguments.arguments&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;TestPlan.user_define_classpath&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/TestPlan&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;ThreadGroup guiclass=&quot;ThreadGroupGui&quot; testclass=&quot;ThreadGroup&quot; testname=&quot;Thread Group&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.on_sample_error&quot;&amp;gt;continue&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;elementProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.main_controller&quot; elementType=&quot;LoopController&quot; guiclass=&quot;LoopControlPanel&quot; testclass=&quot;LoopController&quot; testname=&quot;Loop Controller&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;boolProp name=&quot;LoopController.continue_forever&quot;&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/boolProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;LoopController.loops&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/elementProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.num_threads&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.ramp_time&quot;&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;longProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.start_time&quot;&amp;gt;1503209281000&amp;lt;/longProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;longProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.end_time&quot;&amp;gt;1503209281000&amp;lt;/longProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;boolProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.scheduler&quot;&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/boolProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.duration&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;ThreadGroup.delay&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/ThreadGroup&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;JSR223Sampler guiclass=&quot;TestBeanGUI&quot; testclass=&quot;JSR223Sampler&quot; testname=&quot;Produce JSON&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;scriptLanguage&quot;&amp;gt;groovy&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;parameters&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;filename&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;cacheKey&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;script&quot;&amp;gt;return &amp;amp;quot;{\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;  \&amp;amp;quot;Test 1\&amp;amp;quot;: [\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;    {\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;      \&amp;amp;quot;foo\&amp;amp;quot;: 1\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;    },\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;    {\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;      \&amp;amp;quot;bar\&amp;amp;quot;: 2\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;    },\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;    {\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;      \&amp;amp;quot;baz\&amp;amp;quot;: 3\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;    }\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;  ]\n&amp;amp;quot; +&#xA;                        &amp;amp;quot;}&amp;amp;quot;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/JSR223Sampler&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;JSR223PostProcessor guiclass=&quot;TestBeanGUI&quot; testclass=&quot;JSR223PostProcessor&quot; testname=&quot;JSR223 PostProcessor&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;scriptLanguage&quot;&amp;gt;groovy&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;parameters&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;filename&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;cacheKey&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;script&quot;&amp;gt;def json = new groovy.json.JsonSlurper().parse(prev.getResponseData())&#xA;                            def array = json.get(&amp;amp;apos;Test 1&amp;amp;apos;)&#xA;                            array.eachWithIndex { item, index, jmeterindex = index + 1 -&amp;amp;gt;&#xA;                            vars.put(&amp;amp;apos;array_&amp;amp;apos; + jmeterindex,new groovy.json.JsonOutput().toJson(item))&#xA;                            }&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/JSR223PostProcessor&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;hashTree/&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;ForeachController guiclass=&quot;ForeachControlPanel&quot; testclass=&quot;ForeachController&quot; testname=&quot;ForEach Controller&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;ForeachController.inputVal&quot;&amp;gt;array&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;ForeachController.returnVal&quot;&amp;gt;current_array&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;boolProp name=&quot;ForeachController.useSeparator&quot;&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/boolProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/ForeachController&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;JSR223Sampler guiclass=&quot;TestBeanGUI&quot; testclass=&quot;JSR223Sampler&quot; testname=&quot;${current_array}&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;scriptLanguage&quot;&amp;gt;groovy&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;parameters&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;filename&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;cacheKey&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;script&quot;&amp;gt;log.info(vars.get(&amp;amp;apos;current_array&amp;amp;apos;))&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/JSR223Sampler&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;hashTree/&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;ResultCollector guiclass=&quot;ViewResultsFullVisualizer&quot; testclass=&quot;ResultCollector&quot; testname=&quot;View Results Tree&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;boolProp name=&quot;ResultCollector.error_logging&quot;&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/boolProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;objProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;saveConfig&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;value class=&quot;SampleSaveConfiguration&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;time&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/time&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;latency&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/latency&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;timestamp&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/timestamp&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;success&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/success&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;label&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;code&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/code&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;message&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/message&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;threadName&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/threadName&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;dataType&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/dataType&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;encoding&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/encoding&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;assertions&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/assertions&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;subresults&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/subresults&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;responseData&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/responseData&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;samplerData&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/samplerData&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;xml&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/xml&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;fieldNames&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/fieldNames&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;responseHeaders&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/responseHeaders&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;requestHeaders&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/requestHeaders&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;responseDataOnError&amp;gt;false&amp;lt;/responseDataOnError&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;assertionsResultsToSave&amp;gt;0&amp;lt;/assertionsResultsToSave&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;bytes&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/bytes&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;sentBytes&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/sentBytes&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;threadCounts&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/threadCounts&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;idleTime&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/idleTime&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;connectTime&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/connectTime&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/value&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/objProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;stringProp name=&quot;filename&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/stringProp&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/ResultCollector&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;hashTree/&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;WorkBench guiclass=&quot;WorkBenchGui&quot; testclass=&quot;WorkBench&quot; testname=&quot;WorkBench&quot; enabled=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;boolProp name=&quot;WorkBench.save&quot;&amp;gt;true&amp;lt;/boolProp&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/WorkBench&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;hashTree/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/hashTree&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/jmeterTestPlan&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T04:04:20.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29153" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29154" CreationDate="2017-08-21T04:04:33.747" Score="9" ViewCount="2731" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have written bunch of test cases for code coverage using jasmine javascript. First of all, we are using phantom JS to run the test cases. While test case counts are persistently increased test cases are caused fatal memory exception in phantom JS. so finally we are jumped into the chrome headless browser. but we have ensured that all of the test cases(500) are running successfully in chrome and phantom JS. but 50 of test cases failed in chrome headless. could any one tell me, the drawbacks or any limitations is available for chromeheadless?.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide some suggestion for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27557" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-02-01T12:09:07.570" LastActivityDate="2021-02-01T12:56:16.797" Title="What are the limitations of chrome headless browser?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29154" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29153" CreationDate="2017-08-21T06:08:50.443" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Headless Chrome is not stable yet in comparison to &quot;full&quot; Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion there will always be problems with headless vs phantomjs (and others) vs full versions. And so there will always be place for phantomjs (and others) in the world of automated testing.&#xA;Consider your choice wisely. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Few possible limitations of Headless Chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Headless mode is available on Mac and Linux in Chrome 59. Windows support is coming in Chrome 60. To check what version of Chrome you have, open chrome://version.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rendering, race conditions, resizing, page height, async code and binding issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are quite too many of them to just list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best idea for me is to just go through all bugs listed on Chromium headless bug lists and follow test automation blogers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/list?can=2&amp;amp;q=Proj-Headless&amp;amp;colspec=ID%20Pri%20M%20Stars%20ReleaseBlock%20Component%20Status%20Owner%20Summary%20OS%20Modified&amp;amp;x=m&amp;amp;y=releaseblock&amp;amp;cells=ids&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chromium headless bugs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@dschnr/using-headless-chrome-as-an-automated-screenshot-tool-4b07dffba79a&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Using headless Chrome as an automated screenshot tool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/forum/#!forum/headless-dev&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Headless-dev Google Group&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastEditorUserId="21451" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T14:05:26.140" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T14:05:26.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29088" CreationDate="2017-08-21T09:09:46.400" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a discussion on the forum of Nightwatch.js,  it doesn't seem possible to run two browser sessions in the same script. So I have found a way to do what I wanted to perform by using parallel tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nightwatch.js enable to run scripts in parallel. So I have written a script for each session and run them in parallel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem solved ✅&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T09:09:46.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29157" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-21T09:36:47.290" Score="1" ViewCount="51" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are probably other similar questions on SE but I couldn't find them. I am currently researching techs available to make unit test on my server. I have no experience at all with any kind of unit testing. I've looked around on the net, and managed to find some information about what exists and how it works, but there are a lot of options it seems. I don't have the time to learn and try each of them to see what suits me best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like some words of people who have experience with these technologies, to tell me which is their preferred (and why), if there is any better alternatives and if my broad understanding of their roles is not completely flawed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SuperTest, Should, Expect, which run asserts on individual part of the tested code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mocha which organise those tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins and TeamCity, who automatise the Mocha script (and other things) Not sure about TeamCity, but I'd like to use it since it can work along other Jetbrains product that I am already using.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27562" LastActivityDate="2019-05-26T02:01:50.673" Title="Starting with test unit in NodeJS" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29158" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-21T11:43:12.223" Score="0" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made a website. I visited this website using different mobile browsers and I am getting an error related to visual display and button click event. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to test with a large number of devices, or will using emulators be enough?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T14:19:01.590" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T12:23:38.390" Title="I want to test web apps. Would emulators alone suffice or do I need to buy lots of smartphones?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29158" CreationDate="2017-08-21T11:45:17.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are so many devices in the world that you will ruin yourself if you try to buy many devices. I recommend some emulator website like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can select the operating software, the browser and its version. And without doing automation on it, it's not that expensive. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T11:45:17.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29160" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-21T12:24:51.100" Score="0" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made a website. I visited the same website on different mobile browsers and getting some UI error and a button is not working correctly. How can I test my website to get over from this problem??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastEditorUserId="27515" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T14:21:28.803" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T14:21:28.803" Title="Are emulators good enough for testing websites on mobile browsers?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-08-21T13:04:34.603" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-21T13:26:39.580" Score="4" ViewCount="2849" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Selenium WebDriver in Java and I need to configure Safari and Opera browsers. For Opera almost work properly but I need to set Binary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.opera.driver&quot;, dirPath + &quot;\\src\\test\\resources\\operadriver64.exe&quot;);&#xA;OperaOptions op = new OperaOptions();&#xA;op.setBinary(new File(&quot;D:\\Program Files\\Opera\\47.0.2631.55\\opera.exe&quot;));&#xA;driver = new OperaDriver(op);&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to skip line setBinary and still working?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second question is about Safari web browser. I use this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.safari.driver&quot;, dirPath + &quot;\\src\\test\\resources\\SafariDriver.safariextz&quot;);&#xA;driver = new SafariDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and occurs error org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: SafariDriver requires Safari 10 running on OSX El Capitan or greater. Is it possible to run tests on windows 7 using Safari?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27511" LastActivityDate="2018-02-24T06:36:54.520" Title="Opera and Safari webdriver configuration doesn't work properly on Windows" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;&lt;safari&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29158" CreationDate="2017-08-21T14:39:52.080" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not in my experience, I've seen multiple examples of tests that pass on emulators but fail real world. Mostly these are non-functional or look and feel issues. If your automated tests pass in your emulator(i.e. everything is functionally correct) how will you know that it looks OK, is correctly styled, alignment is correct etc? These issues can be very important to clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you can 80% trust emulators but there's still no substitute for a physical device and a good QA. Emulators also limit mobile\app testing which should take into account bandwidth usage, battery drain and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given that over 95% of mobile sales are now Android\iOS you don't need much of a device farm to get decent coverage. We mostly test on desktop browsers, latest IPhone\Android and maybe a tablet or two. We also use Ghostlab to chain devices then run one complete pass across the device farm near the end of QA cycles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TLDR - I'm not against emulators but I don't trust them 100% I still ask my teams to do some manual spot checks on real devices(belt and braces!).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26671" LastEditorUserId="26671" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T14:42:27.523" LastActivityDate="2017-08-21T14:42:27.523" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29165" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-21T16:36:34.670" Score="2" ViewCount="908" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone know why the WebDriver command: &lt;code&gt;.windowMaximize()&lt;/code&gt; doesn't put the window of the browser (Chrome on MAC in my case) in fullscreen? The window is re-sized to fit in only half of my screen. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyway to tackle this problem? maybe by setting by myself dimensions with the command &lt;code&gt;.windowSize()&lt;/code&gt; but the problem with that is that it will be only set for the screen I use at the moment and so I will have to change if I launch my script on a different screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="21930" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T14:38:34.773" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T18:22:13.860" Title="Why the Webdriver command window.maximize() doesn't put the window in fullscreen?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;nightwatchjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29127" CreationDate="2017-08-21T17:49:26.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally, each project should have its own automation project (in the same or different repository of the SUT).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can transform your framework in an extension to Cucumber.&#xA;This way, people can get what they need for your general framework and implement what they need (even override your general behaviour).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Cayan-LLC/zucchini&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;zucchini&lt;/a&gt; is an exemple of such extension for Java.&#xA;And there others for other languages [&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rezzza/alice-extension&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;][&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/burtlo/yard-cucumber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T01:49:53.127" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T01:49:53.127" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29167" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-21T19:56:41.183" Score="3" ViewCount="3098" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a an open-ended question, and if there's a better place to post it just let me know.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a large amount of selenium tests that I want to run using Jenkins.  Currently, I have Jenkins running the selenium grid plugin and therefore functioning as the hub, and a Windows VM running the selenium server as node that I access using remote desktop (Jenkins runs in linux, and I need to test with IE, so I can't use the Jenkins box as the node). I tried to run the selenium server as a service, but that didn't work (apparently you can't do that).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I currently have a command prompt perpetually open while logged in to the VM as myself.  I'm not a fan of this solution, as it's reliant on a command prompt staying open and me always logged in. But I can't seem to find a better solution, nor can I even find anything on best practices regarding long-term use of the node. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23831" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-21T20:01:52.120" LastActivityDate="2019-03-03T22:52:28.253" Title="Best way to set up selenium grid node using Jenkins as hub?" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;selenium-grid&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29168" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29158" CreationDate="2017-08-22T04:13:46.300" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing on mobile devices consider the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you have any user statistics about their preferred browsers (try to use data from your user base a previous workplace was significantly still using IE browsers, - go figure!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search online for sites that discuss mobile device compatibility. Research common failure areas&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask developers to define guidelines about when not to implement bleeding edge features, this might help deployment time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There are plenty of cloud based &quot;real device&quot; testing labs available, choose one and keep it cheap by only targeting devices that your users have.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;buy one or two devices that represent a broad cross section of the weird and wonderful features (eg. Sony for instance love to be cutting edge).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27414" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T04:13:46.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8451" CreationDate="2017-08-22T04:21:54.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I also tried but could not figure out how to slow down selenium execution, and then i tried workaround to slow it down. Used 'net limitter' tool to control network bandwidth (trial version is available), you can put bandwidth limit to chrome driver so that it will communicate with selenium server and chrome browser slowly. This way you can simulate slow execution of test suites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27570" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T04:21:54.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29170" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-22T04:25:42.230" Score="3" ViewCount="273" Body="&lt;p&gt;On my application payment gateway is Braintree, I need to automate it and face some difficulties when I am automating it, the major problem is I cannot send credit card details using xpath, I research some tutorial for solve this and not find any good resources, please advise and guide me how I automate payment  form using selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9027" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:20:17.473" LastActivityDate="2021-04-04T12:04:30.477" Title="How do I access fields within Braintree's Hosted Fields' iframes using selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29171" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29172" CreationDate="2017-08-22T07:08:17.217" Score="1" ViewCount="165" Body="&lt;p&gt;What types of Xpath expressions can I use when automating web applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to know different ways of finding elements so that if I can't use an ID I can always locate the element I need to work with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: This is intended to be a canonical question about Xpath expressions.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21383" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T12:29:32.557" LastActivityDate="2019-06-17T11:03:44.497" Title="What are the types of Xpath expressions for web application automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29171" CreationDate="2017-08-22T07:08:17.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Xpath Types&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;•Xpath using contains text&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[contains(text(),'Sign up')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;•Xpath using text&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[ (text()='Sign up')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;•Merge Xpath (combining two Xpaths together)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Xpath=(//input[@name='email'])[2]/div/div/a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;•We can use multiple attributes inside the Xpaths&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@id='email'][@name='email']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;•We can also use logical expressions like 'AND' 'OR' in an XPath expression&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//input[@name='email' and @type='Phone']&#xA;&#xA;//input[@name='email' or @type='Phone']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;•Xpath using following, preceding&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table[@role='presentation']/following::input &#xA;&#xA;//table[@role='presentation']/following-sibling::input&#xA;&#xA;//table[@role='presentation']/ preceding::input&#xA;&#xA;//table[@role='presentation']/ preceding-sibling::input&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21383" LastEditorUserId="21383" LastEditDate="2017-08-22T10:17:01.760" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T10:17:01.760" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28051" CreationDate="2017-08-22T09:52:59.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the context in which you are testing this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before deriving any scenario, ensure that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Understanding the functionality for &lt;strong&gt;BLOCK&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;DELETE&lt;/strong&gt; Users from business/end user perspective is clear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deriving the normal happy flow scenarios - Ex: If I &lt;strong&gt;BLOCK&lt;/strong&gt; a user then his access to the system should be restricted and until the user gets UNBLOCKED. For &lt;strong&gt;DELETE&lt;/strong&gt; - Here the user gets restricted removed permanently and should not be able to access the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other scenarios: like - &lt;strong&gt;UNBLOCK&lt;/strong&gt; the blocked user and check whether user is able to access the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Delete the unblocked user who just got unblocked - ensure user should not be able to access the system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that the deleted users should never appear on the list (again depends on the context)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify blocked users appear on the list with no access to system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify those users in the list, who are neither BLOCKED nor DELETED should have access to system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to add the &lt;strong&gt;DELETED&lt;/strong&gt; user back to the list (like re-enrollment - depends on business requirement) - appears on list and able to access the system - Perform BLOCK functionality on this re-enrolled user and verify the functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list of scenarios goes on....&#xA;&lt;em&gt;As mentioned it purely depends on the business/end-user and in what context you are testing this functionality&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27379" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T09:52:59.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="34099" CreationDate="2017-08-22T10:22:00.217" Score="6" ViewCount="953" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written 751 test cases in Jasmine JavaScript. 116 test cases for Mobile View and 645 test cases on Desktop view. While executing test cases, most of the times, test case execution was not completed. Phantom JS Get crashed. For PhantomJs crashing, we had switched to Chrome headless browser. Due to Fast rendering in chrome headless, few of the test cases are failed in chrome headless. And also I have included two links on same chrome headless browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/29153/what-are-the-limitations-of-chrome-headless-browser&quot;&gt;Limitations on Chrome Headless browser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45735133/why-test-cases-are-failed-in-chrome-headless&quot;&gt;Why Test case are failures in chrome headless browser?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gulp configuration for Desktop View:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; customLaunchers: {&#xA; 'PhantomJS_Desktop': {&#xA;  base: 'PhantomJS',&#xA;   options: {&#xA;    viewportSize: {&#xA;      width: 1228,&#xA;      height: 1000&#xA;  }&#xA;  }&#xA;  }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gulp Configuration for Mobile View:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;customLaunchers: {&#xA;'PhantomJS_Mobile': {&#xA; base: 'PhantomJS',&#xA;  options: {&#xA;    viewportSize: {&#xA;      width: 500,&#xA;      height: 500&#xA;  }&#xA;  }&#xA;  }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Karma Configuration for Desktop View:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; { &#xA;    pattern: 'ts/foo/path/sample.html',&#xA;    watched:true,&#xA;    served:true,&#xA;    included:false&#xA;    }&#xA; ],&#xA;concurrency: Infinity,&#xA;browserDisconnectTolerance: 3,&#xA;browserNoActivityTimeout: 1000000,&#xA;browserDisconnectTimeout: 1000000,&#xA;captureTimeout: 1000000,&#xA;retryLimit: 5,    &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Karma Configuration for Mobile View:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;    pattern: 'ts/foo/path/sample.html',&#xA;    watched:true,&#xA;    served:true,&#xA;    included:false&#xA;}&#xA;],&#xA;browserNoActivityTimeout: 100000,&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, we are looking for a solution with Phantom JS browser. We are using Phantom JS 2.1.1 browser. Already I have asked about chrome headless due to test case failure. PhantomJs Crashed Screenshot is given below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vFDJt.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/vFDJt.png&quot; alt=&quot;Phantom JS Crashed image&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone tell me how to resolve this issue? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27557" LastEditorUserId="27557" LastEditDate="2017-08-23T08:12:11.997" LastActivityDate="2018-06-06T02:41:45.287" Title="Why Phantomjs got crashed while running more test cases?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29178" CreationDate="2017-08-22T15:13:34.080" Score="1" ViewCount="304" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had a QTP Data Table and named some of my columns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I decided I didn't need one of my columns for my test, but it won't let me remove a column name once its set. I can't remove the column header and now my column names are all messed up. Is there a way to completely delete a table permanently, not just the column header?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27522" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T18:25:01.677" Title="How do I delete a column header in QTP?" Tags="&lt;qtp&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;uft&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29177" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-22T15:31:42.690" Score="1" ViewCount="55" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, it's my first time I've encoutered QA, the interview will consist of programming questions and QA questions for student Automation role(Programming automation programs that check other company's programs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've found some interested questions on the internet about QA, I'd love to get some help to prepare properly and in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you approach this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What tests would you write for a printer that is connected in a campus that needs to identify the user, and print the his pages only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get the id of the student&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get the files that were sent to the printer from the student's id&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Request a payment card&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check card's balance, authenticate it..&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check for available paper in the printer&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check the print properties, and charge accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; This is what I've written so far, Is there some smart ways to attack these questions? For example, common questions I need to ask my self so I can provide efficient tests. Like: what are the things I need to check so the object will work, etc. Also, what other tests should I add to the one's I've written.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27582" LastActivityDate="2018-12-07T14:23:20.350" Title="Tests for a printer this is connected in a campus and need to identify the student using it to print his pages" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29176" CreationDate="2017-08-22T18:25:01.677" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to delete a column/columns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;datatable.GetSheet(MySheetName).DeleteParameter ColumnName&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Delete &quot;CatNo&quot; cloumn from &quot;cats info&quot; sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;datatable.GetSheet(&quot;cats info&quot;).DeleteParameter &quot;CatNo&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also.&#xA;As far as I know you can always open it with Excel and to it &quot;manualy&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-08-22T18:25:01.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29180" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29186" CreationDate="2017-08-23T06:20:28.660" Score="0" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario where it is needed to verify the text that is manually input ina a text box of a sub window by storing and then printing it. But nothing happens and eclipse just shows as running. (I have used the sleep command to get the delay to enter the data.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='content']/div[4]/ul[3]/li[2]/a&quot;)).click(); &#xA;&#xA;    // To handle all new opened window.             &#xA;        Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; s1=driver.getWindowHandles();       &#xA;    Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; i1=s1.iterator();      &#xA;&#xA;    while(i1.hasNext())         &#xA;    {       &#xA;        String ChildWindow=i1.next();       &#xA;&#xA;                // Switching to Child window&#xA;                driver.switchTo().window(ChildWindow);&#xA;                try {&#xA;                    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;                } catch (InterruptedException e) {&#xA;                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;                    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;                }&#xA;&#xA;                String vendorName=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;vendorRqName&quot;)).getText();&#xA;                System.out.println(vendorName);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7976" LastEditorUserId="7976" LastEditDate="2017-08-23T06:30:39.310" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T12:54:45.010" Title="Print command does not work in webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29182" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-23T11:20:07.213" Score="1" ViewCount="35" Body="&lt;p&gt;The application I'm working on is going to have a Mongo upgrade from Version 3.3 to 3.4&#xA;What all do we need to test and should care about apart from the general system sanity and regression?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T12:15:37.993" Title="What all do we need to test in the application is undergoing a Mongo upgrade?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;system-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29182" CreationDate="2017-08-23T12:15:37.993" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;With any kind of framework or database upgrade like this, after I'd covered system sanity and critical path regression, I would go through the release notes looking for any changes likely to impact my application and test around each of those. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd be particularly careful with these areas, in this approximate order of priority:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Breaking changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deprecated functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Removed functionality - if you have a process to modify your application to remove deprecated functionality as soon as possible, removed functionality shouldn't cause problems, but it can still catch you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bug fixes where the bug impacts some functionality your application uses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New functionality adding to or enhancing aspects of the system your application uses (because new bugs are most likely to cluster around new features)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T12:15:37.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29180" CreationDate="2017-08-23T12:54:45.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;getText() is used only to get the text that is in the form of labels/Combobox. If there is a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag and you want to get the contents in the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag you can use getText() or if there is a key-value pair, you wanted to know the string in the &quot;key&quot; you can use getText(), but not inside a textbox/textarea. You must use the below code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String vendorName=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;vendorRqName&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, using thread.sleep() is not recommended, use implicit/explicit waits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can use firepath in firebug to find whether the &quot;id&quot; exists. Write something else along with the vendorName string to make sure System.out.println is executed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20963" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T12:54:45.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29187" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-23T17:29:11.553" Score="0" ViewCount="744" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm stuck a bit with that issue. I need to stop my test scenario execution until progress bar is visible. Progress bar is handled by nprogress.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was thinking about to catch it (progress bar) as WebElement but i assume that i won't be able to find it in time because progress bar can be visible from 1 to 6 seconds and selenium will search the element longer that execution itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any possible way how i can check nprogress.js execution status?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26669" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T09:40:51.973" Title="Is the any possible way how i can check that nprogress.js is done using selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-08-23T18:15:52.177" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A side point that I think has been missed is the importance of ensuring that interface &amp;amp; communication tests are written in a platform agnostic language and manner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently had a case where the writers of a utility that was to communicate with our main application complained when it failed the communications tests.  The tests were written in Python using the struct library which allows you to specify the structure including specific lengths, byte ordering and packing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They thought that there couldn't be anything wrong with there protocols because they were using the same .h files as the main application but had not accounted for the fact that they were developing with Visual Studio for a MS-Windows target and they needed to be able to talk to the main application which was built with qcc for qnx on a big endian platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the test suite had been written in the same language this problem would have been spotted a lot later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for anything that communicates with other platforms you need an independent, often different, language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T18:15:52.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29189" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-23T19:21:19.607" Score="3" ViewCount="772" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am taking my first dive into testing a mobile app.  It will be available to iOS and Android.  I've been searching for a way to test and automate iOS without having an actual iPhone or any other Mac device.  We run Windows here at the office.  I was looking to use iPhone emulators but it doesn't seem possible.  I saw Appium Studio/SeeTest but it seems even that requires iTunes and a real device.  I know you can set up a Mac vm on a Windows machine but are there any other ways to test iPhone without having to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11693" LastActivityDate="2018-10-27T22:05:11.190" Title="iOS Mobile App Testing on Windows" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;seetest&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29190" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-23T19:47:19.747" Score="1" ViewCount="70" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to hear your opinion on how I am organizing our large amount of Elements found in our web application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently we are using selenium to run functional test cases. Our test cases reach into the thousands. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issue is, the current method I use to store our objects on the site is through JSON. I parse the object into a dynamic object, then I take that dynamic object and force it into a custom class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example if we had a login page with username, password and a login button it might look something like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;dynamic page = jsonObj.LoginPage&#xA;page.Username.ToObject&amp;lt;ElementObject&amp;gt;().OnSendKeys(&quot;Username&quot;);&#xA;page.Password.ToObject&amp;lt;ElementObject&amp;gt;().OnSendKeys(&quot;Password&quot;);&#xA;page.LoginBtn.ToObject&amp;lt;ElementObject&amp;gt;().OnClick();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;ElementObject&lt;/code&gt; then finds out how to access the object and then clicks it, sends keys. what ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone forsee whats wrong with this? I feel like this can be done in a much better way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;Login&quot;: {&#xA;    &quot;UserName&quot;: {&#xA;      &quot;Id&quot;: &quot;Username_Input&quot;&#xA;    },&#xA;    &quot;Password&quot;: {&#xA;      &quot;Id&quot;: &quot;Password_Input&quot;&#xA;    },&#xA;    &quot;LoginButton&quot;: {&#xA;      &quot;Id&quot;: &quot;Login_BTN&quot;&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ElementObject&lt;/code&gt; Class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class ElementObject&#xA;    {&#xA;        public string ClassName;&#xA;        public string CssSelector;&#xA;        public string Id;&#xA;        public string LinkText;&#xA;        public string Name;&#xA;        public string PartialLinkText;&#xA;        public string TagName;&#xA;        public string XPath;&#xA;&#xA;        public ElementObject();&#xA;&#xA;        public int GetIndex();&#xA;        public string GetText();&#xA;        public string GetValue();&#xA;        public void OnClick();&#xA;        public void OnHover();&#xA;        public void OnSelectByIndex(int pValue);&#xA;        public void OnSelectByText(string pValue);&#xA;        public void OnSelectByValue(string pValue);&#xA;        public void OnSendKeys(string pMsg);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27601" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-23T20:16:30.683" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T13:55:19.223" Title="Organizing NameMapping for a ton of objects" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29189" CreationDate="2017-08-23T22:22:47.603" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At the moment, there are no known emulators for the iPhone on Windows, and it's unlikely there ever will be one I'd be willing to consider testing an important program in.  Apple is very tied to using the Mac toolchain for development, and unless they release Xcode for Windows, that's not going to change.  In order to test iPhone software, you either need to have Apple devices yourself (note that running Mac OS on non-Apple hardware is a violation of the Mac software license), or enlist the services of something like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/app-live&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com/app-live&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://appexperience.sigos.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://appexperience.sigos.com&lt;/a&gt;, or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.xamarin.com/test-cloud&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.xamarin.com/test-cloud&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-08-23T22:22:47.603" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29192" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-23T22:58:56.780" Score="3" ViewCount="33" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you click &lt;code&gt;View&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/decisiontablecr/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Decision Table Creator&lt;/a&gt; and select either &quot;&lt;code&gt;Invalid Actions&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;code&gt;Invalid Conditions&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, what is that supposed to tell you? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both either highlight all of my &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt; or all of my &lt;code&gt;Conditions&lt;/code&gt;, respectively. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if it's because it's using some sort of default evaluation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know if this software can be extended?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26198" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T06:46:37.080" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T06:46:37.080" Title="What are the Invalid Actions &amp; Invalid Conditions options in Decision Table Creator?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;validation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29193" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29187" CreationDate="2017-08-24T05:52:41.467" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simple option would be to ask the devs to add a status variable in the javascript that you can call via javascript executor class. I wouldn't like that since it introduces code in the product that has no obvious reason and violates clean code guidelines but it would work. The other way would be a spin lock, just something along the lines of&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;float EmergencyBreak = 0;&#xA;while(!driver.findElement(ProgBar).isDisplayed()&amp;amp;&amp;amp; EmergencyBreak&amp;lt;7){EmergencyBreak +=(1/5); Thread.sleep(200);}&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would wait at most 7 seconds (35 iterations of 1/5th of a second) but break out as soon as the progress bar appears. In the end it really depends on the specific application though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T05:52:41.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29195" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-24T07:58:40.823" Score="1" ViewCount="1615" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to do stress/load test for the payment process of an E-commerce app like &quot;Flipkart&quot; or &quot;Amazon&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Will Apache JMeter be able to handle a load of 10,000 users and handle session keys since the users will be logging in through API calls?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27614" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T11:15:53.297" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T11:15:53.297" Title="JMeter virtual user limits?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29196" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-24T08:26:51.070" Score="1" ViewCount="2607" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's best practice to run JMeter tests without GUI without any enabled listeners.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Due to a report, I have to prepare after my test runs using the table from the summary listener and the graph from the graph listener, I usually let these listeners active in my test plan. The results from the summary and graph are saved as CSV files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Q: How can I disable/remove those listeners and get summary tables and graph graphics CSVs anyway?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my case, it's not useful to just use one results .jtl via the &lt;code&gt;-l results.jtl&lt;/code&gt; switch when starting my .jmx. I don't even know which listeners (if any) are saved there. My test plan consists of several threads and each thread needs one summary table and one graph by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27615" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T08:31:58.697" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T09:07:07.803" Title="JMeter: results via CSV about summary and graph without listeners" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29195" CreationDate="2017-08-24T08:43:31.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter doesn't have limit of virtual users it can simulate, the number of virtual users you can mimic depends on several factors, to wit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nature of your test (number of requests, request size, response data size)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#preprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PreProcessors&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PostProcessors&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#assertions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Assertions&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Machine hardware specifications&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure your test is developed and being executed according to &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Best Practices&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you monitor system resources utilization on JMeter machine using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter PerfMon Plugin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start your test with 1 virtual user and &lt;strong&gt;gradually&lt;/strong&gt; increase the load to desired number of users you need to simulate at the same time keep an eye on system resources utilization. When any of monitored metrics (CPU, RAM, Network, Disk IO, etc.) exceeds reasonable threshold, i.e. 90% of maximum available capacity check the amount of active virtual users at this time via i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ActiveThreadsOverTime/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Active Threads Over Time&lt;/a&gt; listeners - &lt;strong&gt;this is how many users you can simulate using this machine and for this type of test&lt;/strong&gt;. If it is enough (10 000 or more) - you are good to go, if not - you will have to consider &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;running JMeter in distributed mode&lt;/a&gt; i.e. add one more machine to run JMeter in clustered mode. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/what%E2%80%99s-the-max-number-of-users-you-can-test-on-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What’s the Max Number of Users You Can Test on JMeter?&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed explanation if needed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T08:43:31.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29199" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29196" CreationDate="2017-08-24T09:07:07.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can generate a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter HTML Dashboard Report&lt;/a&gt; from the .jtl results file like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -g results.jtl -o /where/you/want/dashboard/to/be/generated&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/JMeterPluginsCMD/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeterPluginsCMD Command Line Tool&lt;/a&gt; in order to produce any report or graph type out of the .jtl results file. You can install JMeterPluginsCMS using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GeI61.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/GeI61.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Plugins Manager&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T09:07:07.803" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29446" CreationDate="2017-08-24T11:10:55.213" Score="1" ViewCount="3673" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm getting &lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException&lt;/code&gt; error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test(priority = 3)&#xA;public void transactionCancel() throws Exception {&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(MyLocators.Transaction_btnBuy)));&#xA;    WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(MyLocators.Transaction_btnBuy));&#xA;    button.click();&#xA;&#xA;    //popup window handling&#xA;    Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; allHandle = driver.getWindowHandles(); // Fetch all handles&#xA;    Iterator&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; iterator = allHandle.iterator();&#xA;    Object popupR = new Object();&#xA;    while (iterator.hasNext()) {&#xA;        popupR = iterator.next();&#xA;    }&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window((String) popupR); // switch to popup&#xA;    String parentWindowHandler = new String();&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(parentWindowHandler);&#xA;&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(MyLocators.Transaction_popupCancel)));&#xA;    button = driver.findElement(By.xpath(MyLocators.Transaction_popupCancel));&#xA;    button.click();&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-24T12:43:58.963" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T07:01:24.230" Title="Getting org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29201" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29190" CreationDate="2017-08-24T13:55:19.223" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Typically i find the best way to organize elements in a selenium based test is to use the page object pattern: &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&lt;/a&gt; (there is a bunch of literature out there this is just one example)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way it works is you define a class for each page of your application and fill that class with all of the elements and functions of that page for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know the syntax 100% so I am just going to use sudo code in my example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginPage{&#xA;    // username box element&#xA;    // password box element&#xA;    // signIn Button element&#xA;&#xA;    public void login(String username, String password){&#xA;        //in here you would interacte with the above elements to hopefully log in&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then from your test script you simply need to call &lt;code&gt;LoginPage.login(&quot;myUsername&quot;, &quot;MyPassword&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27602" LastActivityDate="2017-08-24T13:55:19.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29203" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-24T21:01:19.553" Score="0" ViewCount="275" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a new web page being developed and it loads slower then the other pages by a second or two. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to determine when a page is loading too slow for our clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The time it takes a page to load will also change depending on what machine it is running on, what other resources are being used, etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the threshold for 'This page is taking too long to load' based on opinions? At what point can we push back and say this page is taking too long to load, please fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7799" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T11:43:27.587" Title="How to measure client side performance?" Tags="&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="21950" CreationDate="2017-08-25T01:34:21.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note  : For the select dropdown , HTML page should have &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;option&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag element.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Solution  :&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As part of answer, to find element &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;svg&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; , Best xapth is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@id='make-select']//button/div/*&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Approach to Select Car :&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For select car from the dropdown, you can use tradition way to select your element :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Step 1 : Click on dropdown first&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;make-select&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Step 2 : Select Car from the dropw down. Just pass your car name as parameter&lt;/em&gt; : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String strCar = &quot;Nissan&quot;; &#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@itemprop='itemListElement']//div[text()='&quot;+strCar+&quot;']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note : Put some sleep or wait between two click events for flawless script.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T01:34:21.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29205" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29359" CreationDate="2017-08-25T03:11:26.407" Score="1" ViewCount="1750" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand that a higher standard deviation means that there is a variation in the response time, and vice versa for a low standard deviation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But &lt;strong&gt;what is the context of the actual value?&lt;/strong&gt; Is it in relation to the min/max values?&#xA;In the screenshot below there's std dev of 7.83, how should that interpreted?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RZRr7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RZRr7.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15923" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T11:48:10.730" Title="Standard deviation - What does the values actually mean?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29206" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29329" CreationDate="2017-08-25T04:44:57.670" Score="12" ViewCount="579" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would it be a good idea to have an interview in a format of a &lt;em&gt;paired exploratory testing session&lt;/em&gt; with a candidate on a manual/automated testing position? A thing under test might be an internal web application or a publicly opened web resource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What things to look for in a candidate and how to quantify the results of such an interview? (I don't think that number of newly-found bugs is a good and relevant measurement) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2020-01-07T11:47:31.823" Title="Pair-testing with a candidate during an interview" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;quality-assessment&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29207" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29206" CreationDate="2017-08-25T05:30:28.463" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great idea. Some things that might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instead of pair testing, just explain the basic context and let the candidate figure it out. A big advantage here is you will get a feel of:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many questions does this person ask?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What type of questions? Relevant or not?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How independent and confident is this tester?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Quantifying the result isn't hard science, but:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There might be some (critical or high) defects that you would expect to be found. How many did he find?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With regular interviews, if we don't take into account technical tests such as for developers, you usually follow your instinct (will this personality fit in our team? Does he show the right attitude?). If you actually see and hear someone testing, you've got &lt;strong&gt;a lot&lt;/strong&gt; more to go by: now it'll become clear if the CV and talking match the expected skill!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, if this person is going to do test automation, I've listed some questions you can ask &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/24332/what-kind-of-questions-should-i-ask-a-automation-test-engineer-candidate-and-how&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T08:40:42.600" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T08:40:42.600" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29208" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-25T09:19:39.943" Score="2" ViewCount="92" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am just thinking - ISO 9001, of course, say you need to have some quality control and quality assurance activities but it is up to you to define it and document it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CMMI is not mandatory (it does tell you to do validation and verification to achieve Level 3). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But are there any norms/standards that actually prescribe to perform testing on software?&#xA;I believe this might be just the SIL for low-level SW controlling hardware in cars etc. But, to be honest, I do not know if ISO 61508, defining SIL, actually dictates the testing must be done - for SIL levels, it is under &quot;recommended&quot; or &quot;highly recommended&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: The title edit was not correct, there are many standards for software testing itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:57:18.240" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:57:37.597" Title="Do any technical standards / norms require software testing to be done?" Tags="&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;standards&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29208" CreationDate="2017-08-25T10:47:20.930" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Agile environments good practices are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test in the 4 agile testing quadrants - Unit, Integrated, UAT and Exploratory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test using the test pyramid - lots of unit tests that run fast on the bottom, just a few UI tests that run slow on the top.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Google or search here for more on those terms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In software, few things are mandatory or dictated due to the very wide variety of languages, frameworks, etc. used for implementation and the constant and rapid speed at which they change and new ones appear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:57:37.597" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:57:37.597" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29210" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29203" CreationDate="2017-08-25T11:43:27.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many tools that create a metric for Website performance, for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.pingdom.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://tools.pingdom.com/&lt;/a&gt;. Regarding the question if &quot;Too long&quot; is based on opinions, I'd say too long is every time that can be reduced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could check if packages are aggregated as far as possible (Sure, aggregating all resources doesn't really change the amount of data transferred but every single call creates avoidable overhead), if every resource is minimized and gets delivered gziped and of course if expire dates make sense so the browser can effectively cache them. There are incredible amounts of checks that you could run to make sure that your pages become as fast as possible, which of those are feasible for your application is another question though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T11:43:27.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29211" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-25T12:10:51.510" Score="3" ViewCount="28157" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 2 TestNG classes which are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ProductCanvas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package objectRepo;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class ProductCanvas {&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private By product = By.tagName(&quot;app-product-item&quot;);&#xA;    private By productName = By.xpath(&quot;//span[@itemprop='name']&quot;);&#xA;    private By addToCartButton = By.xpath(&quot;//span[contains(text(), 'Add to Cart')]&quot;);&#xA;    private By productImage = By.xpath(&quot;//img[@itemprop='image']&quot;);&#xA;    private By favIcon = By.cssSelector(&quot;.fa.fa-heart&quot;);&#xA;    private By price = By.xpath(&quot;//meta[@itemprop='price']&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;    public ProductCanvas(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement getProduct() {&#xA;        return driver.findElement(product);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement getProductName() {&#xA;        return driver.findElement(productName);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; getProductNames() {&#xA;        return driver.findElements(productName);   &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement getAddToCartButton() {&#xA;        return driver.findElement(addToCartButton);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; getAddToCartButtons() {&#xA;        return driver.findElements(addToCartButton);   &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement getProductImage() {&#xA;        return driver.findElement(productImage);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement getFavIcon() {&#xA;        return driver.findElement(favIcon);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; getfavIcons() {&#xA;        return driver.findElements(favIcon);   &#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public WebElement getPrice() {&#xA;        return driver.findElement(price);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; getPrices() {&#xA;        return driver.findElements(price);   &#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ProductTC&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package productTestCases;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import objectRepo.Cart;&#xA;import objectRepo.ProductCanvas;&#xA;&#xA;public class ProductTC {&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private String baseUrl = &quot;http://test.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public ProductTC(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeTest&#xA;    public void openBrowser() {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;driver.webdriver.chrome&quot;, &quot;C://chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test1() {&#xA;        ProductCanvas pc = new ProductCanvas(driver);&#xA;        int count = pc.getPrices().size();&#xA;        System.out.println(count);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I try to run ProductTC, nothing happens and this is displayed on console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;===============================================&#xA;    Default test&#xA;    Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I remove the ProductTC's constructor it runs. &#xA;How would I be able to run ProductTC without removing the constructor given that another class below would need to call its method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LandingPageTestCases&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package productTestCases;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import objectRepo.Cart;&#xA;&#xA;public class LandingPageTestCases {&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private String baseUrl = &quot;http://test.com&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    public LandingPageTestCases(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeTest&#xA;    public void openBrowser() {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;driver.wedriver.chrome&quot;, &quot;C://chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(baseUrl);&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void addProductsToCart() throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        ProductTC ptc = new ProductTC(driver);&#xA;        ptc.test1();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19146" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T10:51:00.613" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T22:52:28.510" Title="How to call a method from one class to another class when both are TestNG classes" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29205" CreationDate="2017-08-25T13:27:18.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Standard deviation (SD) describes how steep is the bulge of the normal distribution curve. It means that around 66% of values are within SD around the mean. Small SD means it is a narrow steep hump. Big SD means hump spreads widely around the mean.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I highly recommend Larry Gonick's &quot;Cartoon guide to Statistics&quot; (or any other  of his &quot;Cartoon guide to X&quot; introductions to other sciences or history). By far most fun into to statistics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T15:08:27.693" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T15:08:27.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29213" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29205" CreationDate="2017-08-25T14:06:26.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to Wikipedia, Standard Deviation &quot;is a measure that is used to quantify the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In performance testing context, it give some information about the consistency of the response time (RT).  In your example, the average RT is 145, and Std Dev is 7.8, this means that 67% of the time, the RT was in the range of 141 and 149.  (avg - SD/2, avg + SD/2) This is relatively consistent, when compared to some of your other data samples (example, that first one has a pretty wide range).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For performance testing, I prefer to use either the median, or better the 95th percentile point to characterize the performance.  I find it easer to say &quot;95% of our users see response within 16 seconds&quot; rather than &quot;the average response is 6.3 seconds with a Std Dev of 8.3 seconds&quot;  The former statement is usually easier for a wide range of stakeholders to understand.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T14:06:26.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29214" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-25T14:23:49.350" Score="4" ViewCount="1477" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the best strategy to handle test case execution when there is a possibility of losing network connectivity during execution? In my case, I have to run 300 test cases which usually take around one hour. It is a waste of time if I find out after an hour that some of my test cases failed due to an intermittent internet issue. I have to check the failed test cases manually, or I have to run the automated tests again, which is inefficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Selenium, how would I detect when a test failed due to a network resource being inaccessible and retry rather than failing? What are good practices for writing durable tests that use network resources?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27641" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T14:48:29.000" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T18:45:25.203" Title="Selenium / Java: how to handle test case execution on a flaky network connection?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27876" CreationDate="2017-08-25T18:16:08.597" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Inheritance can get messy real quick, one thing you can try instead of using inheritance, is to use composition.  Create your nested page objects as full top level classes, then put them into your code as instance fields to be accessed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// It's own file&#xA;public class MyPage {&#xA;    private final WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    // Nest your &quot;inner&quot; class through composition instead of inheritance&#xA;    public final LoginBoxPage loginBox;&#xA;&#xA;    public MyPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;        loginBox = new LoginBoxPage(driver);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// It's own file&#xA;public class LoginBoxPage {&#xA;    private final WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private final By username = By.css(...);&#xA;    private final By password = By.css(...);&#xA;    private final By submitButton = By.css(...);&#xA;&#xA;    public LoginBoxPage(WebDriver driver) {&#xA;        this.driver = driver;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public LoginBoxPage username(String user) {&#xA;        driver.findElement(this.username).sendKeys(user);&#xA;        return this;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public LoginBoxPage password(String pw) {&#xA;        driver.findElement(this.password).sendKeys(pw);&#xA;        return this;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void submit() {&#xA;        driver.findElement(submitButton).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This particular example could be used like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void test() {&#xA;     WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;     MyPage myPage = new MyPage(driver);&#xA;&#xA;     // utilizing fluent returns&#xA;     myPage.loginBox.username(&quot;herp&quot;).password(&quot;derp&quot;).submit();&#xA;&#xA;     // or not&#xA;     myPage.loginBox.username(&quot;herp&quot;);&#xA;     myPage.loginBox.password(&quot;derp&quot;);         &#xA;     myPage.loginBox.submit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12007" LastEditorUserId="12007" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T18:40:53.810" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T18:40:53.810" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29216" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29214" CreationDate="2017-08-25T18:18:15.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A strategy I use is restarting the test if it fails. Currently we restart tests three times before we deem it as a failed test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a list of reasons why a test can possibly fail (Page loaded too slow, too fast, network dropped, server was bumped, ajax not responding as quickly while developing the test, etc..)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A hook could be created to check every page to see if its a 404, but or connection reset, then restart - but I would advise against this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd rather restart the test on any failure, log the exception, and take a screenshot. That way if the test passes the second time I know it is something with my test/network issue and the CI suite still passes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of times where my tests restarted and logged enough information for me to go back and add additional waits to wait appropriately in failing situations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7799" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T18:18:15.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28093" CreationDate="2017-08-25T18:53:25.083" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One approach that can be taken is to write the one throw away test that tests the bug in detail, but add a single step or two to an existing test in the regression suite that validates that area still looks okay. It would still increase the suite, but at a much smaller rate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;'Automated tests' are ambiguous, it has a lot of meaning (Selenium end to end tests, integration tests, unit tests, etc..). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming you mean some sort of 'End to end, front end tests', another approach is to have development write a unit test around this area that validates the bug is fixed (which is run in a build pipeline), manually test it once, and then archive the manual test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7799" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T18:53:25.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29218" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29219" CreationDate="2017-08-25T19:44:25.287" Score="4" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; When a new user opens our web page for the first time, we show them how to use the webpage. For each control they need to use, we display a popup next to the control to tell them how to use it, switching popups as they switch controls. Two types of users can make posts: Mods and Regulars. Mods have more privileges than Regulars (Eg. Ban spammy or rude users and more).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Requirement:&lt;/strong&gt; The text for one popup says &quot;Welcome to this software!&quot;. We are changing the text to &quot;Welcome to our App!&quot;. The size of the popup remains the same but the length of the text is now shorter. Note that the popup has only plain text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; Do we need to test this change in multiple browsers or is just one enough? Do we need to test this for both Mods &amp;amp; Regulars?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Opinion:&lt;/strong&gt; One browser is enough because its a minor text change and it's highly unlikely that it will break the layout or UI. Moreover, because this is an infrequently used feature &amp;amp; not critical to the functioning or usability of our application, we do not need to test it in multiple browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We probably do not need to test this for both Mods &lt;strong&gt;and&lt;/strong&gt; Regulars. Only testing for Mod &lt;strong&gt;or&lt;/strong&gt; Regular should be enough, unless our app has different code for generating the popup text for Regulars and Mods. If that is the case, then our app design is probably bad. When you want to show the exact same popups to Mod and Regular for a particular page, then why have different logic to generate those popups?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there reasons I'm missing that we should test all these cases? Or other points that would help make the argument that we don't need to?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastEditorUserId="26467" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T21:41:12.300" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T21:41:12.300" Title="Do we need to do cross browser testing for minor text changes in blackbox testing?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29219" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29218" CreationDate="2017-08-25T20:25:43.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the general answer is &quot;be reasonable&quot;. Just because you're doing blackbox testing doesn't mean you should do extra useless testing--in this type of situation, you're likely better off looking at how the code is implemented and deciding on the scope of testing accordingly. I've seen too many blackbox tests that were long and painful to execute but didn't add any value because they were doing lots of checks that each &quot;looked&quot; different, but in reality were testing the exact same code path over and over.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, if you looked at the code and found that there really is different code for displaying the exact same message based on which type of user is logged in, then you would need to back off, question your assumptions, and do a lot more testing. But probably in that case a redesign is probably a much more valuable use of time. In that case, a simple code check would have revealed a far bigger problem with the product than whether this text always appears correctly, namely, that it's potentially a spaghetti, unmaintainable codebase if it requires significant testing of unrelated features even for such a small change as the text of a popup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If someone is pushing testing all the possible cases for this change because &quot;we should test everything&quot;, have them read &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0932633692&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Perfect Software&quot;&gt;Perfect Software; and other illusions about testing&lt;/a&gt; by Jerry Weinberg, which is a very eye-opening book on how to approach (and not approach) testing. In particular, Chapter 3 &quot;Why not just test everything?&quot; makes some very good points about why &quot;testing everything&quot; is a common fallacy. The part on &quot;Instant reviews&quot; in Chapter 16 is very related to the example you gave that I alluded to above, about observations that tell you much more about the quality of the product than the actual test (or review) in question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-25T21:00:55.030" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T21:00:55.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28093" CreationDate="2017-08-25T20:26:11.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't understand this. Are you testing manually modules that were not changed because they are included in regression tests? Then don't do that. Regression test areas where there is a risk that something might go wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you change something in one module, and there is a possibility that something breaks in another module so you have to test that too? Then you need better development practices, because that is not alright, and tests wont help much, and it is meaningless to even discuss testing practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2017-08-25T20:26:11.607" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29223" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-26T10:59:17.597" Score="1" ViewCount="1347" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the sample code which I'm using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\geckodriver-v0.18.0-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://google.com&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm facing problem since i have updated it to latest version i.e. v55.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting below error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1503742678555 addons.xpi  WARN    Error parsing extensions state:&#xA;  [Exception... &quot;Component returned failure code: 0x80520012&#xA;  (NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) [amIAddonManagerStartup.readStartupData]&quot; &#xA;  nsresult: &quot;0x80520012 (NS_ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)&quot;  location: &quot;JS frame&#xA;  :: resource://gre/modules/addons/XPIProvider.jsm :: loadExtensionState&#xA;  :: line 1596&quot;  data: no] Stack trace:&#xA;  loadExtensionState()@resource://gre/modules/addons/XPIProvider.jsm:1596&#xA;  &amp;lt; getInstallState()@resource://gre/modules/addons/XPIProvider.jsm:1631&#xA;  &amp;lt; checkForChanges()@resource://gre/modules/addons/XPIProvider.jsm:3152&#xA;  &amp;lt; startup()@resource://gre/modules/addons/XPIProvider.jsm:2246 &amp;lt;&#xA;  callProvider()@resource://gre/modules/AddonManager.jsm:271 &amp;lt;&#xA;  _startProvider()@resource://gre/modules/AddonManager.jsm:741 &amp;lt; startup()@resource://gre/modules/AddonManager.jsm:908 &amp;lt;&#xA;  startup()@resource://gre/modules/AddonManager.jsm:3122 &amp;lt;&#xA;  observe()@jar:file:///C:/Program%20Files%20(x86)/Mozilla%20Firefox/omni.ja!/components/addonManager.js:65&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27651" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T18:05:38.790" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T18:05:38.790" Title="Unable to open website in Firefox using selenium webdriver one updated version to 55" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-09-25T19:25:37.760" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29224" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29242" CreationDate="2017-08-26T12:32:01.603" Score="6" ViewCount="816" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've stumbled upon the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pareto Principle&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_efficiency&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pareto Efficiency&lt;/a&gt; terms used in different contexts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does Pareto Efficiency mean in the context of software testing? My understanding is that, it relates to a sufficient number of test cases that is enough to examine functionality of a system under test. Is my understanding correct? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bonus question: is the Pareto Principle related to &lt;a href=&quot;http://hypothesis.works/articles/what-is-property-based-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Property-based testing&lt;/a&gt; concept that allows you to specify the &quot;scope&quot; of possible inputs instead of a set of example input test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T00:27:31.297" Title="Pareto Efficiency in Software Testing" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29225" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-26T12:48:06.510" Score="0" ViewCount="333" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to check if a site allows a user to register using the same email multiple times.&#xA;I use TestNG framework. How can I do negative testing for the case below?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void testRegistration() throws Exception {&#xA;    driver.get(baseUrl + &quot;/&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;span.link.inlblk &amp;gt; strong&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;register_tab&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userEmailRegister&quot;)).clear();&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userEmailRegister&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;testmail@testemail.com&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userPassRegister&quot;)).clear();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;userPassRegister&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;testpassword&quot;);&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;registerForm\&quot;]/div[3]/div/div/label[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;registerForm\&quot;]/div[4]/div/div/label[2]&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;button_register&quot;)).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;span.tdnone &amp;gt; span&quot;)).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27652" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-26T14:02:23.307" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T11:10:46.680" Title="Is negative testing possible in TestNG?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;negative-test&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5488" CreationDate="2017-08-26T15:48:17.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've yet to see a name that tops what Google calls their team: The &quot;Engineering Productivity&quot; group. They wanted to emphasize that testing and quality is everyone's responsibility, and the EP team, in which individual people have testing-related titles (Software Engineers in Test (SET's) and Test Engineers (TE's)), is there to ensure developers have the tools they need to code and test efficiently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, that also may require a shift in mindset and practices, but I believe it puts the emphasis where it should be and is the direction I hope to be able to move the group I work in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source and a lot more detail: &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/How_Google_Tests_Software.html?id=vHlTOVTKHeUC&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;How Google Tests Software&quot;&gt;How Google Tests Software&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T15:48:17.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29227" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29230" CreationDate="2017-08-26T16:00:00.093" Score="3" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should I create a test case, or what should the test case be, when the scenario is for a function that shouldn't be in the system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm creating test cases based on the FSD (Functional Specification Document). Our FSD is composed of Requirements, Processes, and Fields for specific modules. While executing my test case, I have encountered a button that isn't in the FSD. How should I create a test case for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking of something like &quot;System must not have buttons that aren't stated in the FSD&quot; but that seems wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm kind of new in QA, and in our company, we have a standard to use the word &quot;System must, System must not, User must, or User must not&quot; in all of our test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27653" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-26T21:52:07.403" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T22:53:44.850" Title="How should I create test cases for things that should not be present?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29228" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-26T18:05:39.973" Score="1" ViewCount="465" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to extend the Selenium2Library python library (1.8.0) by implementing new Robot Framework keywords using Selenium WebDriver in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to do that, I need to be able to retrieve the WebDriver instance used by the Selenium2Library python library in my Java keyword.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Please note that I don't want to use the Java port of the Selenium 2 (WebDriver) Python library created by Markus Benhardt since it's based on an older version of Selenium2Library so it's clearly outdated.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've heard that with Jython 2.7, we can now use the Python version of Selenium2Library on Java... but my question is... how??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My setup is using :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/MavenPlugin/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot Framework Maven Plugin 1.4.7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robot Framework 3.0.2 (as a maven plugin dependency)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium Server 2.53.1 (as a maven plugin dependency)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium2Library python library (1.8.0)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/robotframework/JavalibCore&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot Framework Javalib Core 1.2.1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's an extract of my pom.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.robotframework&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;robotframework-maven-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.4.7&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;extraPathDirectories&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;extraPathDirectory&amp;gt;/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages&amp;lt;/extraPathDirectory&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;/extraPathDirectories&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;run&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- Robot Framework - High level test automation framework --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.robotframework&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;robotframework&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.0.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;!-- Selenium Server --&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-server&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.53.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone has ever done something like that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27654" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:56:56.983" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:56:56.983" Title="How to extend Selenium2Library by creating new RobotFramework keywords using Selenium WebDriver in Java?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29227" CreationDate="2017-08-26T22:53:44.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your test case seems fine, if that is truly the requirement.  Before going further, I would check with the Product Manager or someone if that functionality is intended (and just not documented in the FSD). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the FSD is truly &quot;the bible&quot;, I would phrase the test case &quot;System must not expose functionality that is not documented in the FSD&quot;, but this is just a wording preference on my part. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2741" LastActivityDate="2017-08-26T22:53:44.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29224" CreationDate="2017-08-27T10:07:18.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pareto efficiency in software testing often refers to a smart test case selection. Let's say there is not enough time to run all test cases (e.g. before a hotfix release), then you can leverage the Pareto principle to reduce the overall risk by addressing multiple objectives. Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://crest.cs.ucl.ac.uk/fileadmin/crest/sebasepaper/YooH07.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Pareto Efficient Multi-Objective Test Case Selection&quot;&lt;/a&gt; by Shin Yoo and Mark Harman:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Previous work has treated test case selection as a single objective optimisation problem. This paper introduces the concept of Pareto efficiency to test case selection. The Pareto efficient approach takes multiple objectives such as code coverage, past fault-detection history and execution cost, and constructs a group of non-dominating, equivalently optimal test case subsets. The paper describes the potential benefits of Pareto efficient multi-objective test case selection, illustrating with empirical studies of two and three objective formulations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding property-based testing: I think they are orthogonal as you can combine both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T13:04:19.870" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T13:04:19.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29233" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29225" CreationDate="2017-08-27T11:10:46.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could extract the code for registration and invoke it from two test cases:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void registration_with_unused_email_address_should_be_accepted() {&#xA;    // Create needed user data (e.g. first name, last name, email adress).&#xA;    // Invoke register method with created user data.&#xA;    // Assert confirmation text.&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test&#xA;public void registration_with_used_email_address_should_be_rejected() {&#xA;    // Create needed user data (e.g. first name, last name, email address).&#xA;    // Invoke register method with created user data.&#xA;    // Reset window (e.g. logout).&#xA;    // Invoke register method with created user data again.&#xA;    // Assert error message.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, both test cases are independent. If you want to reduce the execution time, you can also adapt the &quot;used email address&quot; test case and invoke it after the &quot;unused email address&quot; test case, but personally I would prefer the other variant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastActivityDate="2017-08-27T11:10:46.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29235" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29261" CreationDate="2017-08-27T15:59:56.820" Score="5" ViewCount="4175" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often read the terms &quot;testing method&quot; and &quot;testing paradigm&quot;, although they frequently seemed to be used synonymously. &lt;a href=&quot;https://english.stackexchange.com/q/23673/212479&quot;&gt;This question&lt;/a&gt; on Stack Exchange explains the terms in general, but I wonder how it is in the SQA world, where I found &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@alwislimwy/software-testing-methodologies-3505ee2ab74&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt; on software testing methodologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What constitutes a testing method, what a testing paradigm? What are concrete examples?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2020-03-09T11:51:42.740" LastActivityDate="2020-03-09T11:51:42.740" Title="Difference between a testing method and a testing paradigm" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29205" CreationDate="2017-08-28T04:23:32.193" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is in relation to &lt;strong&gt;response times of all samplers&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional material:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article on standard deviation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.office.com/en-us/article/STDEVP-function-1f7c1c88-1bec-4422-8242-e9f7dc8bb195&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Excel STDEVP function reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/apache/jmeter/blob/trunk/src/core/org/apache/jmeter/util/Calculator.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter's Calculator class source&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Glossaries on &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/207420385-Glossary&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;performance testing&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T04:23:32.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29239" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-28T06:58:28.397" Score="0" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are a software development company that is building a new web application. Part of our responsiveness test, we need to check how it would look like on iMac 21.5&quot; and iMac 27&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem is, we don't have iMacs (or any screen with that size). What's the best way to tackle this challenge?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27666" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T12:07:13.293" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T12:10:16.930" Title="How to test our web app on an iMac if we don't have one?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29211" CreationDate="2017-08-28T07:12:50.063" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My suggestion would be instead of trying to use the &lt;code&gt;ProductTC&lt;/code&gt; class in &lt;code&gt;LandingPageTestCases&lt;/code&gt; class. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can just directly use the page object methods of &lt;code&gt;ProductCanvas&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;LandingPageTestCases&lt;/code&gt; class by creating its instance as you have done above:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LandingPageTestCases {&#xA;...&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void addProductsToCart() throws InterruptedException {&#xA;      ProductCanvas pc = new ProductCanvas(driver);&#xA;      int count = pc.getPrices().size();&#xA;      System.out.println(count);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By doing such way you would also avoid any dependency between your test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T07:12:50.063" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29239" CreationDate="2017-08-28T12:10:16.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The general approach is to use services that provide &lt;em&gt;remote Selenium server capabilities&lt;/em&gt; and allow to specify an operating system, version, browser, browser version and other parameters in the desired capabilities. Today, there are two major players on that front:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/start&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another possible way to approach the problem is to fire up a virtual machine with your desired operating system and have a Selenium node for your Selenium server configured, see more at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/07_selenium_grid.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/a&gt; documentation page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T12:10:16.930" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29224" CreationDate="2017-08-28T13:17:03.027" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Pareto Principle, originally described by Vilfredo Pareto and later formalized by Joseph Juran. In software testing this principle here is just a rule of thumb, but an important one.&#xA;80% of errors being concentrated in 20% of the developed product functionality. So errors in the software (modules, functional business processes, etc.) are distributed unevenly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the percentages could be anything like 70/30 or 90/10, the reality is that most things are caused by a few underlying factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not only, it relates to a finding a sufficient number of test cases that is enough to examine functionality of application or smart test case selection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But For QA in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.qasource.com/software-testing-company&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;software testing company&lt;/a&gt;, knowing this fact can offer tremendous value. If a tester is simply looking at a list of 100 bugs, it may not be clear if there is any underlying meaning. But if the tester were to combine those bugs based on some kind of category, it may be possible to see that a very large number of bugs come from very few places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few recommendations for getting the most out of this principle:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, 80% of the program's bugs may result from calling the same underlying library. However, that may not be readily apparent from where the bugs occur within the program.&#xA;Remember that bugs may result from flawed procedures.&#xA;For example, a large number of bugs could be present because a developer is using out of date specifications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This principle can be tremendously powerful in reducing the bug counts within a program because solving just a few things can make a program much more stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="18010" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T04:00:07.537" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T04:00:07.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29243" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="35552" CreationDate="2017-08-28T18:11:06.837" Score="1" ViewCount="2438" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scenario :Suppose in a portal we have a link to download file every time user click on link and new file get downloaded how to check which is the latest file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17099" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T18:24:55.460" Title="How to read a latest downloaded file from a location using selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29244" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29248" CreationDate="2017-08-28T20:33:38.800" Score="5" ViewCount="422" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, we find specific corner cases that cause a failure in our application - for example, broken relationships between the main entities in our application that are not properly handled (that can be reproduced artificially in development environment and have a low probability of happening in production), an extreme or unrealistic value for an input that a regular user would not even consider to enter, problems under certain conditions in a specific timezone with very specific and uncommon steps to reproduce etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of times, these cases when presented to management and development team are not taken seriously or completely ignored. In some cases, the reasoning for that is perfectly valid and the consequences and symptoms are not critical and are not signs of bigger problems. But, there are also cases, when we, the QA team, think that a specific corner case is a sign of a bigger problem but we cannot prove it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What can we do to defend a corner case and make it be taken seriously?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T20:54:01.573" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T03:57:10.900" Title="Defending corner cases" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;management&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29245" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29247" CreationDate="2017-08-28T20:48:45.477" Score="5" ViewCount="509" Body="&lt;p&gt;As &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471358460&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cem Kaner said&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The best tester is not the one who finds the most bugs or who&#xA;  embarrasses the most developers. &lt;em&gt;The best tester is the one who gets&#xA;  the most bugs fixed&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which refers to a tester doing his or her best to make a developer fix a bug he or she detected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the general guidelines to properly sell a bug and make a developer interested/motivated in resolving the problem? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T08:11:43.003" Title="How to sell a bug?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29244" CreationDate="2017-08-28T20:57:33.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is completely &lt;strong&gt;valid business decision to not waste limited resources to fix situations which cannot happen in PROD&lt;/strong&gt;, and so are only of theoretical danger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Valid response would be to agree with management, but &lt;strong&gt;track feedback from customers&lt;/strong&gt; (and be really good and obsessive about it) and fix the issues reported by customers. In bug, you report ID of the feedback from customers, to prove your point (that it happens in PROD, and not only in your imagination).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After a while, when you &lt;strong&gt;develop the reputation that your are concerned about valid corner cases&lt;/strong&gt;, which are later also reported by real-life customers, your &quot;hunches&quot; would be taken more seriously and &quot;corner cases&quot; might be assigned resources and be fixed preemptively. But only &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; you develop such reputation, not before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T21:48:38.177" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T21:48:38.177" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29245" CreationDate="2017-08-28T21:40:28.537" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, the book &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cem co-authored with James Bach and Bret Pettichord&lt;/a&gt; has a whole chapter on &quot;Bug Advocacy&quot;. Some excerpts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;State the benefit so that your prospect will want it.&lt;/strong&gt; Your bug report should make it clear to the reader why he should want to fix this bug. For example, you might explain how the bug interferes with normal use of the product, what data it corrupts, or how often people will run into it. You might point to a magazine review or other published complaint that savaged a competitor for a bug similar to this one. You might quote technical support statistics to show that bugs like this one in other products have cost a lot of money. You might show that the program passed this test in a previous release. (This is a key issue in some companies.).... In many cases...you can take a relatively minor-looking bug and discover more severe consequences by doing follow-up testing, rather than reporting the first version of the bug that you see.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;Anticipate objections to the sale and counter them.&lt;/strong&gt; ...[follow] good reporting practices: Write clearly and simply and check (and report) that the bug replicates on multiple configurations....&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - From Lesson 57, &quot;Make your bug report an effective sales tool&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Efficient testing often involves extreme values. The first errors you find will often be at the extremes.... Some programmers cry &quot;corner case&quot; when they see a test result that involves an extreme value or a combination of extreme values.... Don't stop with [the extreme value] result. Instead, try smaller numbers until you learn what range of supposed-to-be-acceptable values are rejected. If the program rejects anything bigger than 99, you can report that it fails throughout the entire range of 100 to 999. &lt;em&gt;This&lt;/em&gt; will capture attention. If the program fails &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; at 999, that is useful information, too. Report it explicitly.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  - From Lesson 71: &quot;Uncorner your corner cases&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other lessons whose titles speak for themselves:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 59: &quot;Take the time to make your bug reports valuable&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 64: &quot;Draw the affected stakeholder's attention to controversial bugs&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 67: &quot;Report defects promptly&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 73: &quot;Keep clear the difference between severity and priority&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 78: &quot;Be conscious of the processing cost of your bug report&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 84: &quot;Never exaggerate your bugs&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 85: &quot;Report the problem clearly, but don't try to solve it&quot; [devs may reject a bug if your proposed solution isn't actually correct]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 86: &quot;Be careful of your tone. Every person you criticize will see the report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 87: &quot;Make your reports readable, even to people who are exhausted and cranky&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Lesson 88: &quot;Improve your reporting skills&quot; [gives example of &quot;Compare closed bugs that were fixed and not fixed. Look for differences in the way they were reported.&quot;]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could go on. There's a good bit to learn just by reading the table of contents of this book :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From my own experience as a developer who also writes and runs tests, my main hurdle is getting bugs past our change review board, not other developers. For that situation, it seems that getting enough detail about root cause, size of fix, and possible risk are the main points that help get a bug fixed, especially late in a project. It's also hard to defer a bug that's &quot;fixed on a branch&quot; though that's not necessarily applicable to reporting bugs to developers. I've also found that including details like &quot;I found this by following the instructions in the tutorials we give to customers&quot; carry a lot of weight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T22:50:51.840" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T22:50:51.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29244" CreationDate="2017-08-28T21:53:32.643" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I mentioned it in &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/29247/25505&quot;&gt;my answer to your other question about bug advocacy in general&lt;/a&gt;, but taking steps to &quot;Uncorner your corner cases&quot; as &lt;a href=&quot;http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471081124&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kamer, Bach, and Pettichord&lt;/a&gt; call it can go a long way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarize Lesson 71 by that name in their book, if you find a bug using an edge case, keep testing it with more and more realistic values to identify the full scope of the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Lesson 70 &quot;Extreme-looking bugs are potential security flaws&quot; they also point out that &quot;idiots aren't the only people who abuse software&quot;, so if an &quot;extreme&quot; case is a potential security issue, you could use that argument.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you suspect a bigger problem, you could look through previous bug reports and see if there are other bugs that seem related. And in general, keep good notes. If the bug is initially rejected, but you later reproduce it under a different configuration, using different values, etc., then be sure to record that new information. And as Peter mentioned in his answer, definitely bring it back up if you have a report from an actual customer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would also help if you can find an ally within the development team--if you don't have the technical skills to determine whether a corner case bug is a sign of a more serious issue, but can walk over, explain your concern to a dev, and look at the code together to confirm or refute your hypothesis, you've just gotten much better information to include in your bug report. Definitely requires the right culture and trust, but is invaluable if you have (or can build) those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-28T22:02:25.437" LastActivityDate="2017-08-28T22:02:25.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29249" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29255" CreationDate="2017-08-29T03:17:20.273" Score="5" ViewCount="196" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is important to maintain good and productive professional relationship with the management, stakeholders and development team. Many things may depend on that, but, for this question, let's focus on being trusted as an influential and credible source of feedback. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The more trust the development team have in you, the more motivated they would be to fix the bugs and issues you create. It is a known fact that the amount of attention a developer would pay to a newly created issue depends on who created the issue (among other things, of course)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This raises a question about, how to build that trust and a good reputation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T15:40:14.427" Title="Strategies to building up reputation as a software tester in a team" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16982" CreationDate="2017-08-29T05:33:47.120" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;try using public &lt;strong&gt;static&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public static webdriver driver &#xA;in each class files&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;public static is not needed if you are running a single test case, but since in a suit where parallelization may occur for multiple cases, so public ststic is needed for multiple test cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27617" LastEditorUserId="27617" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T10:42:22.673" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T10:42:22.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29252" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29249" CreationDate="2017-08-29T08:10:02.537" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is by definition very broad and depends on so many human factors that are not necessarily related with quality of your work.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;To disregard all human aspects of this question such as (your charisma, characters of people who are making those judgment, your look and style and even more trivial such as, your background and opinions you have).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;From pure business side: &lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to find critical issues, details and knowledge you invest to pinpoint what causes the issue instead of only reporting that there is issue&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your skill that you show while testing and being able to detect variety of issues, especially corner cases that can cause problems &lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Professional attitude while performing tests, that means that you don't hide issues or favor somebody with less work, because it is everybody's job to fix issues&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Being thorough in every project and always perform regression and sanity tests without excuses so that you are able to help developers create proper end goal and not delivering faulty product&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your knowledge and ability to speak with developers, managers about issues and your investment in helping to resolve those issues and in each case you can prioritize your work so that developers are focused on really important issues first&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Way you report the issues, details you provide and how you interact with your colleagues through the official channels &lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to use official channels of communication as much as possible and of course avoid situations where you complain to project managers directly, everybody have their job to do, don't interfere unless situation is serious and requires intervention&#xA;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those are some random thoughts that first came to my mind and this can all lead to that goal and sometimes none of it will make difference. Simple answer is always do your job best you can and let that be your reference and human part will then come at second place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26095" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T11:45:28.390" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T11:45:28.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29206" CreationDate="2017-08-29T10:35:48.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't refuse number of found issues as a relevant measurement. After all you're looking for an engineer that would be finding defects in your applications. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As to me, any interview should spot a light onto two kind of person's skills: hard and soft ones. I tend to consider such kind of interview spotting both types: on one hand a person shows you how they would test the particular component (and this is your responsibility to pick the representative application for an interview), on other hand the person shows how they would comunicate their thoughts to teammates. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you cannot measure (using any objective scale) a person's soft skill, you can only rely on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;number of found issues.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;velocity (if you have the target value for the issues found)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;number of issues requiring any forums exploration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;time taken for such the exploration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;number of issues from previous point with the succefully found solution&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;time taken for such the exploration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time taken to discuss an issue that would make a partner convinced about the issue is actually a defect &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time taken to discuss an issue that would eventually considered as not-a-bug&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if this is the only method you're going to apply in your interview you should take care of the &quot;quality&quot; of the application for the interview since it might not cover all the representative cases that one would meet in the real project life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T10:35:48.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29254" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-29T11:00:31.750" Score="1" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was wondering if anyone here know some courses or tutorials to set up and start to use Appium, I want to use it on my Mac to do automation tests on iOS and Android. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have already looked at the official Website of Appium but I am a bit confused and lost to set everything up. So if you know anything that could help me that would be wonderful! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T18:05:34.510" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T12:58:11.670" Title="Is there any courses or tutorials for Appium Automation?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29249" CreationDate="2017-08-29T11:44:55.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Without looking at the quality of your work, some of the techniques I've used successfully include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be tactful&lt;/strong&gt;. If I can, instead of simply creating a bug, I'll ask the developer what should be happening, and show them what I'm seeing. I'll often do this from the perspective of &quot;what am I doing wrong?&quot; or &quot;what am I missing?&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ask questions&lt;/strong&gt;. Particularly when I'm working with new feature development, I will ask developers if there are any places where I need to take extra care, or areas that they know of which will need strong regression. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add value&lt;/strong&gt;. My personal rule is if I have to do it more than once, it needs to be written down and made available to the whole team. As a result, I currently maintain the database dictionaries for our applications as well as the regression notes. The latter are the most comprehensive documentation on cross-module impact in the organization.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Describe customer impact&lt;/strong&gt;. When writing up defects, make sure to include the likelihood of customers encountering the problem, as well as the probable impact to the customer. Your ability to estimate this will improve as you become more familiar with the software and the user base.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Give clear reproduction steps with configuration settings&lt;/strong&gt;. Exactly how much information you need will vary, but for desktop applications I have been known to attach the configuration files to the issue for developers to use because I have a knack for picking the most fragile settings without realizing what I'm doing. With web applications I will often give test login credentials to use for developer reproduction, especially if the problem is difficult to reproduce outside the original environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question early&lt;/strong&gt;. If you can, it helps to ask questions about new developments before any code is written. That can help save everyone time and effort.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T11:44:55.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29244" CreationDate="2017-08-29T12:05:25.890" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;To expand on the other answers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note that something is a corner case&lt;/strong&gt; - don't be afraid to note that an issue is a corner case and is being documented so that when a customer does encounter it, it's on record as a known issue and any workarounds are available.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resist temptation&lt;/strong&gt; - When you advocate for a corner case and are rejected, it can be very tempting to say &quot;I told you so&quot; when a customer reports the problem. No matter what else happens, resist this temptation. Instead, mention that it was reported, and was not prioritized.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Know the customers&lt;/strong&gt; - If you know a customer is highly likely to encounter a corner case, say so. This technique can be particularly effective if the customer is a large organization. In my previous position, we had a handful of extremely large, influential customers. If a problem we encountered in testing was going to impact any of these customers in any way, it would be prioritized higher, so if we knew one of those customers was likely to encounter a problem, we would say so in the bug report, no matter how much of a corner case it was.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Know customer data&lt;/strong&gt; - Extending the previous point, get as familiar with your customer data as you can. I've found corner cases that made one specific customer's configuration unusable - if you can identify that customer, and reproduce the problem with that customer's setup, you can demonstrate that the problem &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; occur in the field.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For security issues, demonstrate on copies of real data&lt;/strong&gt; - An argument I've found very effective is &quot;I am not a hacker. If &lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt; can do this, so can a hacker.&quot; In one case I needed to use a test configuration on the production server to prove that I could hack the system and the problem had to be fixed. I rolled those changes back as soon as I'd made them - but I had to make them to demonstrate that there was a problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Know the legal context&lt;/strong&gt; - If there are security implications to a corner case, make sure you know the legal context around them. Companies are going to be much more inclined to prioritize a fix for a security flaw that could cost them millions in fines plus massive negative publicity than they are to prioritize what seems to be a minor functional glitch.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Report, then update&lt;/strong&gt; - If you're not getting any traction, I've found it helps to report the problem and note that you will update it as you find more information, then whenever you have some time, keep researching and looking for more data. I've encountered a number of apparent corner cases that when researched uncovered serious underlying flaws with much broader implications - but I needed to do that research first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T12:05:25.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29254" CreationDate="2017-08-29T12:22:17.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some reference links where you can learn Appium from Basics, required steps in installation, Working with Android native devices &amp;amp; iOS devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/mobile-automation/appium/appium-tutorial/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Toolsqa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/introduction-to-appium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guru99&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io/tutorial.html?lang=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Appium_for_Android_and_iOS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/appium-tutorial-for-beginners/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Softwaretestinghelp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T12:22:17.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29258" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-29T12:56:31.940" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the difference between &lt;strong&gt;App&lt;/strong&gt; CPU, &lt;strong&gt;System&lt;/strong&gt; CPU and &lt;strong&gt;User&lt;/strong&gt; CPU?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am testing a mobile app and I found these 3 terms, but I could not get an exact answer anywhere. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27682" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T13:25:48.303" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:29:28.217" Title="What is the difference among App CPU, System CPU and User CPU" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29259" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:04:13.320" Score="2" ViewCount="709" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried installing FF 48 version &amp;amp; Selenium IDE was not compatible with this version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I went to google &amp;amp; searched, however, i found the answers as FF v47 &amp;amp; above will work with IDE &amp;amp; limited to V55(Not inclusive), meaning up to v54.&#xA;Still getting a Java Application error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can some one help me in this regards? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27684" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T14:43:29.623" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T14:31:00.363" Title="Which version of FF is compatible with Selenium IDE?" Tags="&lt;selenium-ide&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29079" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:15:20.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you want to locate Hyperlink Element try &lt;strong&gt;linkText&lt;/strong&gt; element Locator or &lt;strong&gt;Partial LinkText&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example using linktext:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;click here&quot;)).click();  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example using partial linktext:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(&quot;here&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27682" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:15:20.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29235" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:19:43.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing Paradigm&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A testing paradigm is a mental framework of testing. It covers the way you think about testing, the way you approach deciding your testing methods, the methodologies you choose to use, and even the words you use to describe the things you are doing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the Context-Driven school of testing follows a paradigm that says, more or less, that the context in which you are working is the single most important influence on what you do and how you do it. The Agile Manifesto states the same thing, but by implication rather than explicitly. The Waterfall methodology follows a different paradigm, one that states that it is possible to know enough about a software development project to effectively map everything out from the start and follow the plan. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing Method&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A testing method is just a way to approach testing. Black-box is a method: it is approaching testing as though you know nothing about the internal workings of the software so the software is a &quot;black box&quot; where specific inputs and actions are expected to produce specific outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same testing method can be used in different testing paradigms: black-box testing is used with multiple test methodologies, which in turn belong to different testing paradigms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:19:43.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29263" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29171" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:29:18.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few addons for Firefox that can make your life easier when it comes to locators.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use Mozilla &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/element-locator-for-webdriv/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;addon&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RZH33.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/RZH33.png&quot; alt=&quot;screen shot &quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="635" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-06-17T11:03:44.497" LastActivityDate="2019-06-17T11:03:44.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29258" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:29:28.217" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;These terms are probably used to mean the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;System CPU&lt;/strong&gt; - the percentage of CPU capacity the entire system is using. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;User CPU&lt;/strong&gt; - the percentage of CPU capacity the current user is using. This will be less than the System CPU and will include whatever apps are currently running, but not the operating system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;App CPU&lt;/strong&gt; - the percentage of CPU capacity the target App is using. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:29:28.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29259" CreationDate="2017-08-29T13:37:32.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to install.rdf of Selenium IDE manifest&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;em:targetApplication&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;Description&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;em:id&amp;gt;{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}&amp;lt;/em:id&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- firefox --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;em:minVersion&amp;gt;3.6.*&amp;lt;/em:minVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;em:maxVersion&amp;gt;34.*&amp;lt;/em:maxVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/Description&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/em:targetApplication&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;v.34.* is the latest supported version of FF.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/ide/install.rdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/ide/install.rdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T13:37:32.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29249" CreationDate="2017-08-29T15:11:13.997" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I only have one thing to add to the very good answers so far. That is, &lt;strong&gt;don't cry wolf&lt;/strong&gt;. As a developer, the people I have the hardest time taking seriously are the ones for whom every bug (or more often, feature request in disguise) is a showstopper. Especially if I later learn that they knew it wasn't a common customer request or issue, but often that's only come to light when a more experienced developer with more history with the product has chimed in on the issue. In one particular situation such a veteran literally commented on a &quot;bug&quot; report that &quot;this sounds like what specialty product X we offered five years ago was for, but discontinued due to lack of orders. Therefore this does not seem like a common customer need and can be deferred&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Picking your battles will definitely help with being taken seriously. It may not directly build trust, but failing to do so can certainly erode trust and give you a bad reputation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T15:40:14.427" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T15:40:14.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28093" CreationDate="2017-08-29T16:44:33.613" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd look at a number of things when deciding whether to add something to a regression suite or not.  A lot of what I'd consider would be very product specific, though; understanding how clients use the product, what the upgrade behavior is, and so on would be very important here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  What is the risk if the bug the test is designed to detect is missed?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Depending at the level the test happens (unit test, integration test, validation test, etc) this may be hard to estimate, but the closer you are to what the end user will see, the easier it will probably be to tell what the risk is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)  Where in the program hierarchy is the code change that's being tested?  With very bad spaghetti code, this may be hard to tell, but the more things that a function is relied on by, the fewer things you (probably) need to test related to it, as it breaking should break any number of other components of the OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)  How many things have/had to go wrong for the bug to expose itself?  Here, I'd actually tend to keep things that involve more things going wrong in the regression suite than things that expose themselves more easily, because you're more likely to find the simple bugs in unrelated testing than you are to find the more complicated bugs.  (This is assuming you have testers who will notice bugs that happen that aren't part of the test scenario documentation.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)  Does/can the test encompass other tests?  As an example, when I was first testing an area of new, complicated code, I first verified that function A worked.  Then I verified that function B worked.  Then I verified that function C worked.  Those functions all were in the same area of code, and were related functionality, so I wanted to be able to narrow down the source of the error if a problem happened, and make debugging easier.  Now I test them all at the same time, because the tests are all important, but I'm surprised if they find a problem.  And if one of them does, and the debugging ends up being difficult, I can always go back and test the functions individually to see which one is the problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4)  How long has the bug in question been in the code, and what exposed it?  This one is hard to quantify without knowing more about what's being tested, but if you had something that was exposed specifically because of an edge case, I wouldn't necessarily add it to a regression bucket, but I would add it to my list of &quot;silly things end-users do that would have never occurred to me&quot; that I should consider when writing tests in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5)  How subtle would a problem in some area be?  The more subtle the problem, the more testing you should do around it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6)  How often is some function going to happen in the field?  In the example you gave above, the database updating, that may only need to be tested the once, if you can be sure that everyone is going to get the new code as soon as it's released, before you release a new version.  However, if you might have someone next pick up a new version of the program in three years, who currently has a version that's two years out of date, then not including the upgrade scenario in your regression bucket might be a problem.  (I'm not sure how you do migration testing now, so this may or may not be something you worry about).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T16:44:33.613" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29120" CreationDate="2017-08-29T18:55:27.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you need to modify the context, not just create a variable with that name.  Unfortunately, even &lt;code&gt;context.stdout_capture = sys.__stdout__&lt;/code&gt; &#xA;doesn't seem to solve this.  It generates a ContextMaskWarning as you are modifying something that behave will, and does, overwrite.  Of course you could modify your instance behave to avoid this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27690" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T18:55:27.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29279" CreationDate="2017-08-29T19:45:23.560" Score="2" ViewCount="6196" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your time first &amp;amp; foremost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am automating a product which in the not so distant future will have multilingual support switched on, I have setup a simple resource bundle reading from a &lt;code&gt;.properties&lt;/code&gt; file (&lt;code&gt;English.properties&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;French.properties&lt;/code&gt; and so fourth).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my Page Objects I have some &lt;code&gt;@FindBy&lt;/code&gt; notations referencing some linkText for a number of hyperlinks on the pages, e.g: &quot;Forgot Password&quot;.  This linkText will obviously change when we switch locale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I abandon these &lt;code&gt;@FindBy(linkText = &quot;Forgot Password&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; locators and use something else available to locate them which won't have an impact on the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a means in which I can provide dynamic content in the &lt;code&gt;@FindBy&lt;/code&gt; to cater to this? For example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(linkText = (Language.getLanguage().getString(&quot;foo&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm curious as to what people do in this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying my solution returns the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The value for annotation attribute FindBy.linkText must be a constant expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-29T20:42:44.687" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T16:01:14.140" Title="Dynamically using @FindBy to get linkText value (Localisation)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29272" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29145" CreationDate="2017-08-29T20:04:55.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This solution was a mix up in the listeners used by maven surefire, when running as a standard test run inside maven it was referencing the allure reporter correctly, passing in arguments I was not correctly passing in the allure reporter as -Dcucumber.Options in mvn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;--plugin ru.yandex.qatools.allure.cucumberjvm.AllureReporter&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T20:04:55.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29134" CreationDate="2017-08-29T20:07:59.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution here was just writing a simple batch file to restore my databases and invoking the batch files via my Jenkins pipeline, using sqlcmd by Microsoft, it was really easily done to set the database state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Spawning an individual test runner for every scenario left me with nothing to clean up, apart from making sure my browser was properly cleaned up, I took care of this using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(new BrowserCleanup()));&#xA;&#xA;    private static class BrowserCleanup implements Runnable {&#xA;    public void run() { &#xA;        try { &#xA;            Driver.webdriver.quit();                &#xA;        } catch (NullPointerException e) {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Browser already shut down.&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    }   &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T20:07:59.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29206" CreationDate="2017-08-29T21:10:49.673" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have done something like this for a manual tester position. I whipped up a quick MVC site with 3 pages and put &quot;issues&quot; into each page (something like 11 issues total). I made it clear that I wasn't looking for the interviewee to find all the issues. I just wanted to watch how they go about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did they open DevTools?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did they thoroughly test an input?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Did they notice non-functional issues?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I sat with each candidate for 30 minutes and tried to be as friendly and helpful as possible. This is a high stress situation, which is also something I was looking for the candidate to handle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end I only did this once as it was very time consuming and I started to only fill more Sr level positions on my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-08-29T21:10:49.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23456" CreationDate="2017-08-30T04:07:39.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;you can use this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); &#xA;WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id(#yourElemnt);&#xA;element.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22505" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T04:07:39.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29276" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29254" CreationDate="2017-08-30T05:24:37.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Once you get fair understanding on appium, check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://serhatbolsu.github.io/robotframework-appiumlibrary/AppiumLibrary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;robot framework library.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;It provides inbuilt keywords to interact with ios/android operating system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22978" LastEditorUserId="22978" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T06:52:46.110" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T06:52:46.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29278" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23456" CreationDate="2017-08-30T09:07:14.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you only want to verify if the element is clickable you can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element.isEnabled()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a boolean method from WebDriver, so on the last page you can combine this with an Assert in your junit script to see if the webelement is enabled or not&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27704" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T09:07:14.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29271" CreationDate="2017-08-30T09:29:37.947" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would not use the linktext here to find the element, as I would assume that the element should be there, no matter the language. Better look for an attribute that doesn't change with the language, like an Id or classname and create specific testcases to check if the correct language is used, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(id = &quot;foo&quot;)&#xA;WebElement elm;&#xA;&#xA;public boolean isLinkTextInCorrectLanguage(WebElement elm, String lang){&#xA;    return elm.getText().contains(lang);     &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27704" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T09:29:37.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23456" CreationDate="2017-08-30T11:05:08.737" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, basically it depends on how your arrow is getting diabled (as far as I understand you're talking about some non-standard UI control). In the most cases when an element is getting disabled it is changing it look (a picture that reprensents that element) so that the user is aware that it does not make sense to interact with an element any more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To make a browser display such the element in &quot;disabled&quot; way the application code (in most cases JS on a client side, if the application is well-designed) should assign the corresponding style to that element (say, the style would assign &quot;disabled&quot; picture to that element)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we need to figure out the following: which particular css property is assigned to the element when it is disabled. To do that you can go in the following ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask an application developer (the most easiest way)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Examine the difference of disabled and enabled element style using browser dev tools (use F12 to call the tools in Chrome browser)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you should pick the appropriate value that represents &quot;disabled&quot; state of your element and thus you would be able to decide whether on your particular step the arrow is enabled or disabled. Details of such operation are described here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18452790/how-to-using-webdriver-selenium-to-get-the-value-of-style-element&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18452790/how-to-using-webdriver-selenium-to-get-the-value-of-style-element&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T11:05:08.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20368" CreationDate="2017-08-30T11:06:25.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use this keyword&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/Selenium2Library.html#Element%20Text%20Should%20Be&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Element Text Should Be&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="18750" LastEditDate="2017-08-30T11:26:49.390" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T11:26:49.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29283" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-30T13:18:59.630" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've created a very complex script using Python3 and YAML (I keep all the configurations in YAML) that in effect tests all potential file downloads for my environment. Sort of end to end test. Due to specific patenting behind, I can't share too much of code, but I am having around 37 different property combinations that download a different file, and each file can be downloaded as zip/gzip, or CSV/XML, so technically 37 X 4 is the total number of my files. To make it &quot;simpler&quot;, I need to check that file with license key for combination 1, works only for 1, not for 2-37, and with it we are growing to a relatively big number of tests, currently around 380 in the script, 70ish being happy path tests, and the rest negative tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This script was so far run manually, and I'm now trying to convert it and automate with Jenkins, where I'd need to print out some nice report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following script structure in one big .py file (760 lines):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a few methods used to read configurations from YAML&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a few methods building URLs reusing config from YAML for files that will be downloaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a few methods using requests to download files and their MD5s using built URLs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the method that executes a single test that then compares calculated MD5 from downloaded file and MD5 that is served from the server &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def executeTest(testName,conf, compareFlag=&quot;&quot;, fromThread=&quot;&quot;):&#xA;if compareFlag==&quot;Compare&quot;:&#xA;    testPrintableName = getTestName(conf, testName)&#xA;    urlForFile = testUrlBuilder(conf, testName, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;    urlForMD5 = testUrlBuilder(conf, testName, &quot;MD5&quot;)&#xA;    if printHeadersAndPaths:&#xA;        print (urlForFile)&#xA;    timeDlStart = time.time()&#xA;    filePath = getFile(urlForFile, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;    timePassed = time.time() - timeDlStart&#xA;    #print (timePassed)&#xA;    if printHeadersAndPaths:&#xA;        print (urlForMD5)&#xA;    md5Path = getFile(urlForMD5, &quot;&quot;)&#xA;    #print(filePath)&#xA;    #print(md5Path)&#xA;    if ((filePath == &quot;Site Maintanance&quot;) and (md5Path is not None)):&#xA;        print(testPrintableName + &quot; Attempted to get file from site under Maintanance&quot;)&#xA;    elif ((filePath is not None) and (md5Path is not None)):&#xA;        if ((filePath == &quot;Invalid Index Attempt&quot;) and (md5Path == &quot;Invalid Index Attempt&quot;)):&#xA;            print(testPrintableName + &quot; Attempted to get wrong file with license for different Index type&quot;)&#xA;        elif ((filePath == &quot;Invalid Licence Attempt&quot;) and (md5Path == &quot;Invalid Licence Attempt&quot;)):&#xA;            print(testPrintableName + &quot; Attempted to get wrong file with invalid licence (eg Beta licence to get Alpha file)&quot;)&#xA;        elif ((filePath == &quot;Invalid LicenSe Attempt&quot;) and (md5Path == &quot;Invalid LicenSe Attempt&quot;)):&#xA;            print(testPrintableName + &quot; Attempted to get wrong file with invalid license (eg Beta license to get Alpha file)&quot;)&#xA;        elif ((filePath == &quot;Invalid Key Attempt&quot;) and (md5Path == &quot;Invalid Key Attempt&quot;)):&#xA;            print(testPrintableName + &quot; Attempted to get wrong file with license for different File Type&quot;)&#xA;        elif ((filePath == &quot;Site Maintanance&quot;) and (md5Path == &quot;Site Maintanance&quot;)):&#xA;            print(testPrintableName + &quot; Attempted to get from site under Maintanance&quot;)&#xA;        elif ((filePath == &quot;Nothing&quot;) and (md5Path == &quot;Nothing&quot;)):&#xA;            print(testPrintableName + &quot; Attempted to get special data - where we return Nothing&quot;)&#xA;        elif ((filePath == &quot;Invalid License Gama At Alpha&quot;) and (md5Path == &quot;Invalid License Attempt At Gama&quot;)):&#xA;            print(testPrintableName + &quot; Attempted to get Gama Data with wrong license&quot;)&#xA;        else:&#xA;            cal = calculateMD5(filePath)&#xA;            ff = readMD5fromFile(md5Path)&#xA;            if (cal.strip() != ff.strip()):&#xA;                print (&quot;Test &quot;+ testPrintableName + &quot;MAYBE FAILED - Calculated MD5 &quot; + str(cal) + &quot; does not match the one grabbed from file &quot; + str(ff) + fromThread)&#xA;            else:&#xA;                print (&quot;Test &quot; + testPrintableName + &quot; PASSED &quot; + lastModifiedComparedToNow(lastModified, requestTime) + &quot; in &quot; + str(timePassed) + &quot; seconds &quot; + fromThread)&#xA;&#xA;    else:&#xA;        if (filePath is not None and filePath != &quot;Invalid Index Attempt&quot;):&#xA;            print (&quot;Test &quot;+ testPrintableName + &quot;FAILED - &quot; + &quot;File was not downloaded properly &quot; + fromThread)&#xA;        if (md5Path is None and md5Path != &quot;Invalid Index Attempt&quot;):&#xA;            print (&quot;Test &quot;+ testPrintableName + &quot;FAILED - &quot; + &quot;MD5 file was not downloaded properly &quot; + fromThread)&#xA;else:&#xA;    pass&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;a load of methods that execute set of tests by name grouped in meaningful methods &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def happyPathsPOIMaps(conf):&#xA;executeTest(&quot;POIMapCsvCommaZip&quot;, conf, &quot;Compare&quot;)&#xA;executeTest(&quot;POIMapCsvSemicolonZip&quot;, conf, &quot;Compare&quot;)&#xA;executeTest(&quot;POIMapCsvPipeZip&quot;, conf, &quot;Compare&quot;)&#xA;executeTest(&quot;POIMapCsvXMLZip&quot;, conf, &quot;Compare&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;executeTest(&quot;POIMapCsvCommaGz&quot;, conf, &quot;Compare&quot;)&#xA;executeTest(&quot;POIMapCsvSemicolonGz&quot;, conf, &quot;Compare&quot;)&#xA;executeTest(&quot;POIMapCsvPipeGz&quot;, conf, &quot;Compare&quot;)&#xA;executeTest(&quot;POIMapCsvXMLGz&quot;, conf, &quot;Compare&quot; )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each test (again, coming from YAML) contains all the parameters used in building URL for certain file type, that is then tested. Tests in YAML look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#format: 'testName,environment,licenseNameToTest,serverUrlExtendionToUse,CompressionFormat,FileFormat,DataFileType,MD5,Date'&#xA;POIMapCsvCommaZip: '&quot;Test Get POI Map&quot;,testsrv,POIMap, getPOIMap, zip,xml, , '&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YAML contains all servers and test combinations, and it's currently at 500 lines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now, finally, my questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any good testing framework that I could use with python 3 to rewrite upper &quot;executeTest&quot; method and get decent reporting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a more pythonic way how to test such described test cases (using assertions?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there a way to split YAML to multiple files and load them all &quot;as one file&quot; without actually merging them (like sepparate server configs from happy path tests and negative tests, and then just have at the beginning of YAML - load a.yml,b.yml...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm open to suggestions, this does the job at the moment, but I have a feeling that it is overly complex and that there must be a way to make it simpler. Maybe separate methods that are tested in a separate file? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance for not closing it as not constructive enough.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27707" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T00:45:27.523" Title="Better approach to a complex test and report file downloads using python" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29283" CreationDate="2017-08-30T13:35:21.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just the first thought without a deep dive into the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;use &lt;code&gt;assert&lt;/code&gt; statements instead of &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt; and then &lt;code&gt;print&lt;/code&gt;, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;actual = calculateMD5(filePath).strip()&#xA;desired = readMD5fromFile(md5Path).strip()&#xA;assert actual == desired&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pytest&lt;/code&gt; testing framework&lt;/a&gt; as it is the most popular, advanced and feature-rich at the moment, understands the &quot;assert&quot; statements and have a test discovery which may allow you to leave your program structure as is or close to what it is now. And, of course, you'll get the desired reporting &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can then research &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/fixture.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pytest.fixtures&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as a solution for parameterizing your tests and make your YAML files be implemented as fixtures for your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the long run, I would probably still switch to having your tests formalized as &lt;code&gt;unittest.TestCase&lt;/code&gt; classes and running them via &lt;code&gt;pytest&lt;/code&gt; anyway.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note, consider posting your current code to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://codereview.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;Code Review&lt;/a&gt; site - first, make sure the code is working, of course. You may get a lot of valuable feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T13:35:21.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18072" CreationDate="2017-08-30T13:49:21.253" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test bed is a platform or environment where we can test the application wef. Software, hardware, networking &amp;amp; different kind of operating system. Basically it is used both in product based as well as service based company. Generally Test bed is used for product based company only, but sometimes it is applicable for service based as well. Be remember Test bed is not any tool or any pluggins or any software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27709" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T13:49:21.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25625" CreationDate="2017-08-30T16:09:09.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found it best to clear the date first to avoid conflicts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Clear the date value in your variable&#xA;def current = new Date().clearTime()&#xA;&#xA;//Set the date as 7 days ago&#xA;def lastWeek = (current - 7)&#xA;&#xA;//Print out&#xA;lastWeek.each { println it }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Save that value as a property using a command like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;testRunner.testCase.testSuite.project.setPropertyValue(&quot;yourProp&quot;, lastWeek)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming the groovy script is run before that variable is used (or put into a tearup script) the date stored in that property will always be 1 week ago.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-08-30T16:09:09.703" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29287" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="33010" CreationDate="2017-08-30T16:55:52.310" Score="1" ViewCount="717" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have defects on ALM that were assigned to be in the past, but then I've re-assigned them to other users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there anyway, I can create a filter on ALM that tells me which defects, were assigned to me by checking the History column on the defect?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would need an output table with all the defects that has been pass through me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need this for statistic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27711" LastActivityDate="2018-04-09T14:43:20.347" Title="How to filter defects on ALM that were assigned to me in the past?" Tags="&lt;hp-alm&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29289" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26741" CreationDate="2017-08-30T23:44:46.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is working for me using UI's Select option. e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select&#xA;&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;&#xA;# Locate the Sector and create a Select object&#xA;select_element = Select(driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;.form-control&quot;))&#xA;# this will print out strings available for selection on select_element, used in visible text below&#xA;print [o.text for o in select_element.options]&#xA;# select by visible text&#xA;select_element.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Low Priority&quot;)&#xA;# or select by value&#xA;select_element.select_by_value('0')&#xA;# or select by option index&#xA;select_element.select_by_index(1)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Documentation &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/webdriver_support/selenium.webdriver.support.select.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and some credit to Daniel Abel &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1355/what-is-the-correct-way-to-select-an-option-using-seleniums-python-webdriver&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a bit concerned your error may be coming from somewhere else as the error you're getting is selenium unable to find an element with the class of &lt;code&gt;ng-valid&lt;/code&gt;, which isn't included in your example selenium code. Also, with Angular be sure to throw in a wait for the angular page to load. Like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait # Import at top of file&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;&#xA;# Selenium waits for the page to load, but not necessarily the angular app&#xA;wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)&#xA;wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located('ng-valid'))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may want to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;protractor&lt;/a&gt; anyway as it has some custom locators for angular and will wait for ng-app to load by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23813" LastEditorUserId="23813" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T21:50:34.617" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T21:50:34.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26954" CreationDate="2017-08-31T02:40:01.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;AutomationElement ae = u.NativeElement as AutomationElement;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's works only with WPF control.&#xA;For Win32 control, &lt;code&gt;NativeElement&lt;/code&gt; returns &lt;code&gt;IAccessible&lt;/code&gt; com object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27714" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T03:34:01.073" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T03:34:01.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29244" CreationDate="2017-08-31T03:57:10.900" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One additional point that I would like to add to the other excellent answers that I have had to resort to a few times is to ask for the person who is minimising the problem to provide an official documented and signed decision to ignore, postpone or back track the issue for your personal records in addition to the companies records.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When they ask for a reason, &lt;em&gt;they usually will&lt;/em&gt;, explain that it is your personal policy in such cases so that should the now known problem cause repercussions later and it ends up in court it will be them in the dock rather than you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a lot of my test work was in the Avionics sector and a bug, however improbable, that causes a crash &lt;em&gt;or that was a symptom of a larger problem that did so&lt;/em&gt; and could &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;with hindsight&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; have been avoided can result in manslaughter charges in several parts of the world this was especially effective for me.  However, there is a growing body of law around the world that tends to mirror this level of responsibility and of course many a stellar career has been brought to a halt by a bug that just causes the company financial loss or mere  embarrassment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester it is your task to locate such issues so as to preserve the companies reputation and limit their liability and sometimes you have to point this out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T03:57:10.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29292" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29332" CreationDate="2017-08-31T11:07:25.903" Score="0" ViewCount="3264" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Test Case&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In My web page, I have 5 tabs (A,B,C,D,E) in which 2 tabs (A,B) are clickable and 3 Tabs(C,D,E) are not clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Write a script to verify those tab elements are clickable or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;What I've tried&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) expect(element(by.id(&lt;strong&gt;ID_of_UnCLICKABLE_menu&lt;/strong&gt;)).isEnabled()).toBe(True);&#xA;    expect(element(by.id(&lt;strong&gt;ID_of_CLICKABLE_menu&lt;/strong&gt;)).isEnabled()).toBe(True);                                                                       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Test passed for both unclickable and clickable elements. &#xA; **ExpectedResult** -&amp;gt; Need to fail for either of one.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2) var EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;   browser.driver.wait(EC.elementToBeClickable(element(by.id())), 5000, 'Not Clickable');&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;td id=&quot;id1234&quot; class=&quot;name_style-button disabled&quot; role='menuitem'&amp;gt;Text&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: This is a non-Angular page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="18218" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T06:39:42.100" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T16:13:38.563" Title="How to verify that the menu items (tab/column Elements) are clickable? or Unclickable?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29294" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-31T12:23:22.517" Score="1" ViewCount="393" Body="&lt;p&gt;Okay. So here is where I am at. I am using Specflow 2.2.0 to pair automated unit testing with our CodedUI testing effort. I am developing a plugin to add the CodedUI Test attribute to the Specflow Feature tests and I am running into some problems. Specflow is not recognizing my plugin to generate the CodedUI Test Attribute to Specflow feature files and I don't understand why because I have followed every instruction in the documentation as well as looked at other plugins on GitHub to make sure I am doing it right. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the plugin in its own class library project and upon build its dll autocopies to the packages folder in the Solution where Specflow is located. I have the assembly files edited to point to the generator. I have the initializers for the eventhandler. I have everything in the app.config of my CodedUI project correct as far as I can tell and I still get errors. Here is everything I have in regards to the plugin and the other relevant pieces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code from my plugin that initializes the IGenerator Class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace SpecflowCUITPluginLib&#xA;{&#xA;    public class CodedUiPlugin : IGeneratorPlugin&#xA;    {&#xA;        public void Initialize(GeneratorPluginEvents generatorPluginEvents, GeneratorPluginParameters generatorPluginParameters)&#xA;        {&#xA;            generatorPluginEvents.CustomizeDependencies += this.GeneratorPluginEventsOnCustomizeDependencies;&#xA;        }&#xA;        private void GeneratorPluginEventsOnCustomizeDependencies(object sender, CustomizeDependenciesEventArgs customizeDependenciesEventArgs)&#xA;        {&#xA;            string unitTestProviderName =&#xA;              customizeDependenciesEventArgs.SpecFlowProjectConfiguration.SpecFlowConfiguration.UnitTestProvider;&#xA;            if (unitTestProviderName.Equals(&quot;mstest&quot;, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)&#xA;              || unitTestProviderName.Equals(&quot;mstest.2010&quot;, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))&#xA;            {&#xA;                customizeDependenciesEventArgs.ObjectContainer.RegisterTypeAs&amp;lt;CodedUIGeneratorProvider, IUnitTestGeneratorProvider&amp;gt;();&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        #region IGeneratorPlugin Members&#xA;        public void RegisterConfigurationDefaults(TechTalk.SpecFlow.Generator.Configuration.SpecFlowProjectConfiguration specFlowConfiguration) { }&#xA;        public void RegisterCustomizations(BoDi.ObjectContainer container, TechTalk.SpecFlow.Generator.Configuration.SpecFlowProjectConfiguration generatorConfiguration)&#xA;        {&#xA;            container.RegisterTypeAs&amp;lt;CodedUIGeneratorProvider, IUnitTestGeneratorProvider&amp;gt;();&#xA;            container.RegisterTypeAs&amp;lt;MsTest2010RuntimeProvider, IUnitTestRuntimeProvider&amp;gt;();&#xA;        }&#xA;        public void RegisterDependencies(BoDi.ObjectContainer container) { }&#xA;        #endregion&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code from my Generator Provider that is located in a separate .cs  file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;namespace SpecflowCUITPluginLib&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    public class CodedUIGeneratorProvider : MsTest2010GeneratorProvider&#xA;    {&#xA;        public CodedUIGeneratorProvider(CodeDomHelper codeDomHelper)&#xA;            : base(codeDomHelper) { }&#xA;        private const string TestClassAttribute = @&quot;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting.TestClassAttribute&quot;;&#xA;        private const string CodedUiTestClassAttribute = @&quot;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITesting.CodedUITestAttribute&quot;;&#xA;        private const string DeploymentItemAttribute = &quot;Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting.DeploymentItemAttribute&quot;;&#xA;        public override void SetTestClass(TestClassGenerationContext generationContext, string featureTitle, string featureDescription)&#xA;        {&#xA;            base.SetTestClass(generationContext, featureTitle, featureDescription);&#xA;            foreach (CodeAttributeDeclaration declaration in generationContext.TestClass.CustomAttributes)&#xA;            {&#xA;                if (declaration.Name == TestClassAttribute)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    generationContext.TestClass.CustomAttributes.Remove(declaration);&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            generationContext.TestClass.CustomAttributes.Add(new CodeAttributeDeclaration(new CodeTypeReference(CodedUiTestClassAttribute)));&#xA;            string filename = new Uri(this.GetType().Assembly.CodeBase).LocalPath;&#xA;            // Add deployment item in each test for the driver.&#xA;            generationContext.TestClass.CustomAttributes.Add(&#xA;                new CodeAttributeDeclaration(&#xA;                    new CodeTypeReference(DeploymentItemAttribute),&#xA;                    new CodeAttributeArgument(new CodePrimitiveExpression(&quot;SpecflowCUITPluginLib.SpecFlowPlugin.dll&quot;))));&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the line I added to the assembly file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[assembly: GeneratorPlugin(typeof(CodedUiPlugin))]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dwGbK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is a screencap of my build settings for the plugin project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is my app.config from my CodedUI Project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;configSections&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;section name=&quot;specFlow&quot; type=&quot;TechTalk.SpecFlow.Configuration.ConfigurationSectionHandler, TechTalk.SpecFlow&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/configSections&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;specFlow&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;unitTestProvider name=&quot;MsTest&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;add name=&quot;SpecflowCUITPluginLib.SpecflowPlugin&quot; path=&quot;.\MedchartUITesting\packages\specflow2.2.0\tools&quot; type=&quot;Generator&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/specFlow&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And no matter what I do I get this error for my feature files: &lt;code&gt;#error Generation error: Unable to find a plugin in the plugin search path: SpecflowCUITPluginLib.SpecflowPlugin. Please check http://go.specflow.org/doc-plugins for details.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone see a solution or a problem because at this moment I am really at a loss as to where I should be looking for a solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27725" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:56:29.137" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:56:29.137" Title="Specflow CodedUI Generator Plugin not generating feature files" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29295" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-31T12:48:45.100" Score="2" ViewCount="4511" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing end-to-end testing with protractor. In a certain test, I need to test like print button is creating pdf or not. So When Test clicks the button, It opens the print window dialog like below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aA4sL.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aA4sL.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And now this test is not able to be finished. Because of this print window. My question is how to close this print dialog in protractor? Because of it, rest of test become pending. Please help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var printButton=element(by.css('[class=&quot;print&quot;]'));&#xA;/* This print button should be present first*/&#xA;expect(printButton.isPresent()).toBe(true);&#xA;&#xA;browser.actions().mouseMove(printButton).perform();&#xA;printButton.click().then(function () {&#xA;     // fill in the form here&#xA;     browser.sleep(2000);&#xA;    // For Pressing Escape key&#xA;    browser.actions().sendKeys(protractor.Key.ESC).perform();&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought If I got successful to press escape key, then It will resolve the issue. But No Success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I also tried new Windows change like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;printButton.click().then(function () {&#xA;     // fill in the form here&#xA;&#xA;    browser.sleep(4000);&#xA;    browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function(handles){&#xA;        browser.switchTo().window(handles[1]).then(function(){&#xA;            //do your stuff on the pop up window&#xA;&#xA;            browser.driver.close();&#xA;            browser.switchTo().window(handles[0]);&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it shows an error in console and actually It does not open any windows. And it is hanging up on print dialog as previous:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: unknown error: failed to close window in 20 seconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Last Attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;printButton.click().then(function () {&#xA; // fill in the form here&#xA;return browser.getAllWindowHandles().then(function (handles) {&#xA;    var newWindowHandle = handles[1]; // this is your new window&#xA;    return browser.switchTo().window(newWindowHandle).then(function () {&#xA;        return browser.sleep(5000).then(function () {&#xA;            return browser.actions().sendKeys(protractor.Key.ESCAPE).perform().then(function () {&#xA;                return browser.switchTo().window(handles[0])&#xA;            });&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But It does not open a new tab for print Dialog. Opens print Dialog in same tab. I am not getting any response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27726" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:29:42.343" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T15:33:20.763" Title="How to close print dialog box in protractor test" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29296" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29434" CreationDate="2017-08-31T13:18:15.850" Score="5" ViewCount="260" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a form builder project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Users can drag and drop elements to build questionnaires.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we simplify and say there is only 3 form elements that can be used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Numeric answer, with configurable number of decimal points allowed 0 to 12&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiple choice, click 1 radio button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;yes or no, click 1 radio button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My maths says this gives us 3 forms with 1 control, 3 with 2 and 1 with 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can then say that the numeric has 3 test configuration , (0,2 and 12 decimal points - the min/max plus happy common value, debatable but hopefully sensible).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which gives us 5 forms with 1 control, 5 with 2 and 1 with 3. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, one can have multiple of each control on a page. Lets say a page is limited to 100 controls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes sense to me to test all of the above scenarios but then also where each control is duplicated - to see if having e.g. 2 numeric controls somehow interact with unintended consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond having 2 of each control - is there value in having 3 of each or 4 of each? How do I pick a number and justify it? I can't imagine if having 2 of each control on a page in each configuration doesn't cause any interactions, that having 3 or 4 or 9 - suddenly would do so?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27724" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T14:27:46.693" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T21:39:27.313" Title="How to identify and justify how many test cases is enough when you have a potentially huge number of combinations?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29297" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29295" CreationDate="2017-08-31T14:35:24.797" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that &lt;strong&gt;you cannot control the Print dialog through Selenium.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the most straightforward solutions in my opinion is to disable the &quot;print&quot; functionality by &lt;em&gt;overriding the &lt;code&gt;window.print&lt;/code&gt; function dynamically&lt;/em&gt;. Translating &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/36632555/771848&quot;&gt;this solution to JavaScript&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var printButton = $(&quot;.print&quot;);&#xA;expect(printButton.isPresent()).toBe(true);&#xA;&#xA;browser.actions().mouseMove(printButton).perform();&#xA;&#xA;// verify that button was clicked&#xA;browser.executeAsyncScript(function () {&#xA;   var callback = arguments[1];&#xA;&#xA;   // disable print and &quot;watch&quot; for it to be called&#xA;   window.print = function() { callback(); };&#xA;&#xA;   arguments[0].click();&#xA;}, printButton.getWebElement());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T14:35:24.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29298" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29301" CreationDate="2017-08-31T15:14:44.527" Score="2" ViewCount="1355" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am learning test automation with Robot framework, using this site for practice:   &lt;a href=&quot;http://automationpractice.com/index.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://automationpractice.com/index.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know that it is considered a good practice to add waits to make sure the elements are loaded to make tests more robust. It's interesting that though I missed adding any waits in my tests, none of my tests fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Googling on this topic only gave me info about benefits of using explicit over implicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I really would like to know is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should you add waits for all elements that you are going to interact with or only the ones that make the test fail ? What is the approach that gave best results in your experience ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27728" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T17:09:07.190" Title="Should you add explicit waits for all elements in RobotFramework/Selenium tests or only the ones that fail?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29299" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29298" CreationDate="2017-08-31T16:03:01.900" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not an automation QA but my understanding is that the wait is added in the same class that instantiates the driver ie it is in place and active for all tests rather than being selectively added on a test by test basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TLDR: For all elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26671" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T16:03:01.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29300" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29324" CreationDate="2017-08-31T17:07:49.527" Score="3" ViewCount="119" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being inspired by the question &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/28093/good-practices-for-identifying-one-time-tests&quot;&gt;Good practices for identifying &amp;quot;one-time&amp;quot; tests?&lt;/a&gt;&quot; I decided to make a proof of concept for the idea of applying supervised machine learning algorithms to a problem of &quot;one-time-test&quot; classification. The question such the classification would answer is &lt;strong&gt;When one creates a test, what class would that test be assigned? Whether that class would be a &quot;one-time test&quot; or not?&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my idea that aproach would not set an exact instruction to remove a test after the new version of tested product is been released. It would rather flag a test to help a test manager revise it after some reasonable time to decide if it really needs to be removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my comment I suggested to build up a &lt;strong&gt;Neural Network&lt;/strong&gt;, however NN is not the only paradigm that can be used. Without respect to the particular classification algorithm, all supervised algorithms require a training data set that is composed of a set of &quot;features&quot; and the actual class that the feature vector (basically it means a set of test properties) represents. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thus there are two problems I have to solve&lt;/strong&gt;. They are: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is a &quot;one-time test&quot; (it is rather not a problem but a question)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How to define the appropriate feature-vector. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the first question I would define a one-time test as: &quot;&lt;strong&gt;a test that is executed for only a single release on the extent of, say, 5 sequential major releases&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;.&#xA;The second issue is actually what I would like to get your advice for. &lt;strong&gt;This might be considered as a dup of the question that I've been inspired with, however this one emphasizes the countability of the test properties and rather the objective analysis of the test properties&lt;/strong&gt;. Yet, I have come up with the following (considering the properties should be countable) features (which I think impact the class the test would be assigned to):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of test steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Estimated execution time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of high priority tests the test designer has introduced overall&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of low priority tests the test designer has introduced overall&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of reworks the tests designed by the particular test designer underwent&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ratio of one-time-to-non-one-time tests the test designer has introduced overall (this one and three previous features is the attempt to objectively define subjective test designer competence)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of letters in test description (since that could define how concrete the tester is)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The number of the day in a year the test is created (since there are some days when a test designer might put less effort to their job as they would usually do)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Number of the tests for this particular component that exist. (Represents how well the component is covered with the tests so far)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence my question is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What &lt;strong&gt;countable&lt;/strong&gt; test properties (which could be picked from a given regression historical test set) could potentially impact the test reusability rate?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-08-31T18:07:25.377" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T16:50:05.163" Title="Supervised machine learning in a &quot;one-time-test&quot; classification problem" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29298" CreationDate="2017-08-31T17:09:07.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are using your &lt;strong&gt;explicit waits&lt;/strong&gt; in your framework in such a way that it gets applied behind the scenes of elements without much additional effort, there is no reason not to use it with everything. If done appropriately, performance impact will not be significantly noticeable in most cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your architecture isn't designed this way however, I don't find much advantage in putting it everywhere. Most of your elements will &lt;em&gt;likely be loaded&lt;/em&gt; before selenium recognizes the page as being ready to interact with. An additional explicit wait in these cases doesn't do any good. To be clear, &lt;em&gt;Selenium already waits for the Document.readyState to be complete.&lt;/em&gt; It's only the case where elements load afterward where &lt;strong&gt;explicit waits&lt;/strong&gt; need to be utilized.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I prefer an architecture that waits without you thinking about it, or only putting them in as you say, when the test fails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One additional thing that can help, if you setup a way for the &lt;code&gt;PageObject&lt;/code&gt; to provide a method to &lt;em&gt;Validate the page is loaded&lt;/em&gt; on instantiation, you can provide one or two elements to &lt;strong&gt;explicitly wait&lt;/strong&gt; for, which you know are loaded last, that will eliminate the need to wait in other methods for elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24457" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T17:09:07.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29302" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29303" CreationDate="2017-08-31T17:23:50.067" Score="1" ViewCount="2845" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to verify the column count of a table based off of the security role of the logged in user. How can I verify that in some instances 5 columns are displayed but in other instances 4 or 3?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The columns all use a unique &lt;code&gt;&quot;ng-class=&quot;{ 'sortable': sortable }&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T18:59:19.020" Title="How to verify column count using protractor" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29302" CreationDate="2017-08-31T18:59:19.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=ElementArrayFinder.prototype.count&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.count()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; should do the job:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var columns = $$(&quot;.sortable&quot;);&#xA;expect(columns.count()).toEqual(5);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If some of the columns are visible or not, you can &lt;em&gt;filter the visible columns only&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var columns = $$(&quot;.sortable&quot;).filter(function (column) {&#xA;    return column.isDisplayed().then(function (isDisplayed) {&#xA;        return isDisplayed;&#xA;    });&#xA;}); &#xA;expect(columns.count()).toEqual(5);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-08-31T18:59:19.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29304" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-08-31T22:14:17.473" Score="2" ViewCount="574" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to get a sessionID value from an XML response after a http request. However the response is not a clear XML, so I can't write a propertly expression to get this value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea to do that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response of the HTTP Request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F022l.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F022l.png&quot; alt=&quot;Response of HTTP Request&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/czmDl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/czmDl.png&quot; alt=&quot;Property Transfer&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27732" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T11:23:55.973" Title="Expression in Property Transfer for XML response in SOAPUI" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29305" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29319" CreationDate="2017-08-31T23:01:39.030" Score="2" ViewCount="199" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our release cycles are not strictly periodical but happen about every month. Sometimes, after a regular testing phase, we, a QA team, are not satisfied with the amount of testing and feel that this particular release needs to be examined more. This may happen if, for instance, we release some complicated or &quot;big&quot; feature that, we feel, was not fully tested from all the possible perspectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we convince our boss to allow us extra time for testing and potentially delay a release? What kind of prove or data can we show to help defend our position?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T22:16:01.863" Title="How to ask our boss that we need more time for testing?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29283" CreationDate="2017-09-01T00:45:27.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding to the answer above, I'd like to add this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Primarily, you're responsible for telling the unittest framework when to log, via assertion messages and exceptions. This is similar to your myriad of print statements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally, this would be managed using Python's unittest framework and exceptions. As well as this, in Python it's generally good practice to ask forgiveness rather than permission. That is, instead of checking beforehand, catch the exception raised when the fields are None, and use that to trigger exception messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend looking into the built-in unittesting framework that Python comes with, as it should cover everything you want it to. This &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.python-guide.org/en/latest/writing/tests/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is a good place to start&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YAML is not capable of including other files, so you'll have to do that yourself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Examples&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is some of my own work, a class which builds various fixed length integers from any given one, as well as both big endian and little endian values&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#                       MIT License&#xA;# &#xA;# Copyright (c) 1/06/17 Ennis Massey&#xA;# &#xA;# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy&#xA;# of this software and associated documentation files (the &quot;Software&quot;), to deal&#xA;# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights&#xA;# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell&#xA;# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is&#xA;# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:&#xA;# &#xA;# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all&#xA;# copies or substantial portions of the Software.&#xA;# &#xA;# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED &quot;AS IS&quot;, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR&#xA;# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,&#xA;# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE&#xA;# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER&#xA;# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,&#xA;# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE&#xA;# SOFTWARE.&#xA;import unittest&#xA;import logging&#xA;from unittest import TestCase&#xA;&#xA;from midisnake.integers import IntBuilder, LengthException&#xA;&#xA;logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;class TestIntBuilder(TestCase):&#xA;    def test_repr(self):&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b'\x01\xA4'))&#xA;        memory_address = id(self.intb_inst)&#xA;        self.assertEqual(repr(self.intb_inst), &quot;&amp;lt;midisnake.integers.IntBuilder at 0x{mem_addr:x}, raw: 0x1a4, &quot;&#xA;                                               &quot;little endian: &quot;&#xA;                                               &quot;41985, big endian: 420, byte length: 2, C type: uint16&amp;gt;&quot;.format(&#xA;            mem_addr=memory_address))&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b'\x2A'))&#xA;        memory_address = id(self.intb_inst)&#xA;        self.assertEqual(repr(self.intb_inst), &quot;&amp;lt;midisnake.integers.IntBuilder at 0x{mem_addr:x}, raw: 0x2a, &quot;&#xA;                                               &quot;little endian: &quot;&#xA;                                               &quot;42, big endian: 42, byte length: 1, C type: uint8&amp;gt;&quot;.format(&#xA;            mem_addr=memory_address))&#xA;&#xA;    def test_str(self):&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b'\x01\xA4'))&#xA;        memory_address = id(self.intb_inst)&#xA;        self.assertEqual(str(self.intb_inst), &quot;41985LE : 420BE : 0x1a4B&quot;.format(&#xA;            mem_addr=memory_address))&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b'\x2A'))&#xA;        memory_address = id(self.intb_inst)&#xA;        self.assertEqual(str(self.intb_inst), &quot;42LE : 42BE : 0x2aB&quot;.format(&#xA;            mem_addr=memory_address))&#xA;&#xA;    def test_nullbyte(self):&#xA;        with self.assertRaises(LengthException):&#xA;            self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b''))&#xA;&#xA;    def test_init(self):&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b'\x01\xA4'))&#xA;        self.assertEqual({&#xA;            'big_endian': self.intb_inst.big_endian,&#xA;            'byte_length': self.intb_inst.byte_length,&#xA;            'c_type': self.intb_inst.c_type,&#xA;            'little_endian': self.intb_inst.little_endian,&#xA;            'original_data': self.intb_inst.original_data&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            'big_endian': 420,&#xA;            'byte_length': 2,&#xA;            'c_type': 'uint16',&#xA;            'little_endian': 41985,&#xA;            'original_data': bytearray(b'\x01\xA4')&#xA;        })&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b'\x2A'))&#xA;        self.assertEqual({&#xA;            'big_endian': self.intb_inst.big_endian,&#xA;            'byte_length': self.intb_inst.byte_length,&#xA;            'c_type': self.intb_inst.c_type,&#xA;            'little_endian': self.intb_inst.little_endian,&#xA;            'original_data': self.intb_inst.original_data&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            'big_endian': 42,&#xA;            'byte_length': 1,&#xA;            'c_type': 'uint8',&#xA;            'little_endian': 42,&#xA;            'original_data': bytearray(b'\x2A')&#xA;        })&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b'\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff'))&#xA;        self.assertEqual({&#xA;            'big_endian': self.intb_inst.big_endian,&#xA;            'byte_length': self.intb_inst.byte_length,&#xA;            'c_type': self.intb_inst.c_type,&#xA;            'little_endian': self.intb_inst.little_endian,&#xA;            'original_data': self.intb_inst.original_data&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            'big_endian': 18446744073709551615,&#xA;            'byte_length': 8,&#xA;            'c_type': 'uint64',&#xA;            'little_endian': 18446744073709551615,&#xA;            'original_data': bytearray(b'\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff')&#xA;        })&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray(b'\xff\xff\xff\xff'))&#xA;        self.assertEqual({&#xA;            'big_endian': self.intb_inst.big_endian,&#xA;            'byte_length': self.intb_inst.byte_length,&#xA;            'c_type': self.intb_inst.c_type,&#xA;            'little_endian': self.intb_inst.little_endian,&#xA;            'original_data': self.intb_inst.original_data&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            'big_endian': 4294967295,&#xA;            'byte_length': 4,&#xA;            'c_type': 'uint32',&#xA;            'little_endian': 4294967295,&#xA;            'original_data': bytearray(b'\xff\xff\xff\xff')&#xA;        })&#xA;        self.intb_inst = IntBuilder(bytearray((999999999999999999).to_bytes(128, 'big')))&#xA;        self.assertEqual({&#xA;            'big_endian': self.intb_inst.big_endian,&#xA;            'byte_length': self.intb_inst.byte_length,&#xA;            'c_type': self.intb_inst.c_type,&#xA;            'little_endian': self.intb_inst.little_endian,&#xA;            'original_data': self.intb_inst.original_data&#xA;        }, {&#xA;            'big_endian': 999999999999999999,&#xA;            'byte_length': 128,&#xA;            'c_type': None,&#xA;            'little_endian': 179767638237020898356623490710434418536775593352576159933757128944707257350954536914063245326939442175767480235509437650677415131917209873130951247687383631600519862940215216702259024034572879454308448988996237931693908948093169681562364347544258390966030456380791142075624025472352408185492254992022911320064,&#xA;            'original_data': bytearray(&#xA;                b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\r\xe0\xb6\xb3\xa7c\xff\xff')&#xA;        })&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should give you an idea of what the average Python testing file looks like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27733" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T00:45:27.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29307" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-01T04:55:07.987" Score="1" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to automate this page and click Ok Button, but the page is not displaying in HTML in Firebug and status is coming as &quot;Waiting for ...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In such cases how to automate the click without elements ? Please advice..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/juuNY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/juuNY.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastActivityDate="2021-04-14T21:39:42.233" Title="Cannot locate elements on this page. Firebug comes empty with status as loading. How to automate it ? (I wish to click OK)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29308" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-01T07:26:38.503" Score="2" ViewCount="1098" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently at my company we are using webdriverio + selenium for e2e automated testing. In the past months we have experienced a lot of trouble making our tests work correctly, and most of the cases were due to selenium bugs or random failures. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm currently looking for a non-selenium solution that might be worth a try. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What tools would be suitable for me to use, and what are their advantages and disadvantages compared to Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Edit)&#xA;We are automating a SPA website which is a health record system for doctors, built mostly in Vuejs. It is completely reactive, meaning that web elements are inserted/removed while using the application. It uses card to show data (while in read mode) and they become a form by clicking on them (edit mode). So basically the system doesn't any weird behavior, it just presents data and allows the user to provide/edit the info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24072" LastEditorUserId="24072" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T13:59:13.800" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T19:01:43.633" Title="Advantages and disadvantages of non-Selenium web automation tools" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28557" CreationDate="2017-09-01T09:40:42.520" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two options here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Develop the tests and configure your CI framewrok in the way they pick the settings from environment properties. So that you can configure each run to deploy the app to URL you want and from the branch you want and hence to target your tests to that app.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure a single point for every build (e.g. test.minhaapp.com). In such the configuration your tests will target that single point, but the CI framewrok will have to undeploy the app buit from one branch and deploy the app built from another one.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T09:40:42.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28736" CreationDate="2017-09-01T09:54:26.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I assume you're talking about java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You wouldn't be able to achieve your goal without writing some extra code. Below is the example of how you can to that:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example pre-conditions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;your property file is called &quot;test.properties&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the property that you want to take is called &quot;somepropname&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;environement variable you want to take propertyvalue from is &quot;some-prop-env-name&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is also worth mentioning that in such the appoach you can either:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;set a property in a property file and thus it will be picked from the file&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;do not set a property in a file. If it will not present in a file it will be picked from environment variable&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example itself:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String args[]) {&#xA;&#xA;    Properties prop = new Properties();&#xA;    final String SOME_PROP_ENV_NAME = &quot;some-prop-env-name&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    try {&#xA;        prop.load(new FileReader(&quot;test.properties&quot;));&#xA;        String propValue = prop.getProperty(&quot;somepropname&quot;, System.getenv().get(SOME_PROP_ENV_NAME));&#xA;        System.out.println(propValue);&#xA;    } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's been basically done is using &lt;code&gt;getProperty(propName, defaultValue)&lt;/code&gt; method where &lt;code&gt;defaultValue&lt;/code&gt; is taken from an environment variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T09:54:26.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29308" CreationDate="2017-09-01T10:06:31.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm afraid you have to deal with Selenium since it is a sort of industry standard and what is more valuable - it is free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to use different drivers since the most of the bugs go from a driver implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise you'll have to use commercial solutions like HP UFT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T10:06:31.783" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29305" CreationDate="2017-09-01T11:05:36.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The good objective way of proof is a kind of coverage analysis. The way how to do such the analysis is highly dependent on the platform or technology you use when develop an application. For example in Java world there are the tools which can build a code coverage report where one can see which lines were executed with the tests and which were not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such the tools are mostly used in UnitTest development however in my practice they proved the efficiency for manual tests as well. The approach is basically following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You build your application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You run a tool that &quot;isntruments&quot; built application and injects the coverage monitoring code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You run the testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You build a coverage report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often it turns out that the tests covered only a small part of all the code. So, as to me, such the way is the only objective way to show that there is still a lot of work to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T11:05:36.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29314" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-01T11:06:07.917" Score="0" ViewCount="1558" Body="&lt;p&gt;From UI I have to read the below values (I have given example values)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EmployeeID : 100 &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First name : abc &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Last name : XYZ &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Joining date : 22-Aug-2015 &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gender : Male &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Phone Number : 10908333 &lt;br/&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to compare this with data from the database. The database stores the data as a Key value pair like (Field_Name) and (Field_Value). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using the following code to extract the list values:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; payLoads = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;.//*[@id='payloadAndCharts']/d‌​iv/div[1]/div&quot;)); &#xA;Iterator&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; itr = payLoads.iterator(); &#xA;while(itr.hasNext()) &#xA;{ &#xA;  System.out.println(itr.next().getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using split by : (colon) to extract the field name and field value, and save into hasp map so I can compare with the DB field name and field value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this the correct approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27735" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T12:11:24.537" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T12:30:55.240" Title="How to iterate a list of WebElements and store the values and to perform DB Comparision" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ClosedDate="2017-09-17T19:05:14.323" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29305" CreationDate="2017-09-01T11:54:59.307" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a manual perspective, I'd suggest trying something along these lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List critical functionality tested and level of confidence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List happy path/steel thread functionality tested and level of confidence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List other functionality tested and level of confidence&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List all configuration combinations used in testing, and note the percentage of configuration combinations you were unable to test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List areas of the software covered by regression testing, and note the areas you were not able to cover&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;List everything you can think of that was &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; tested, and where possible estimate the risk of releasing with those areas not tested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goal here is not to stand at the gate shouting &quot;You shall not pass!&quot;. It's to ensure that the business stakeholders have enough information to make an informed decision about whether to release or not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T11:54:59.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29314" CreationDate="2017-09-01T12:30:55.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;So your test would consisit of three parts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fetch the user fields from UI&lt;/strong&gt;. To make the effective fetching code you have to examine the structure of html that represents your user data. The same would affect the most appropriate data structure to store. I would better implement a class that would represent the data you have on your UI. Also I would implement my own &lt;code&gt;equals()&lt;/code&gt; method to make assertions easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Employee{&#xA;&#xA;    int employeeId;&#xA;    String firstName;&#xA;    String lastName;&#xA;    // ...&#xA;    // other fields;&#xA;    // getters&#xA;    // setters&#xA;    // constructors&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public boolean equals(Object obj) {&#xA;        if(/*you comparison rules*/){&#xA;            return true;&#xA;        }&#xA;        return false;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus when you read a data from UI you create Employee instance object (or a collection of objects if there is a list of users on your page)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fetch the user data from database&lt;/strong&gt;. You have to implement the data fetching code depending on what database you're using. If it is an SQL or no-SQL database. What particular database vendor you're using and so on. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you fetch data from the database you build another Employee isntance using that fetched data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Compare objects from different sources&lt;/strong&gt;. Use your overriden &lt;code&gt;equals()&lt;/code&gt; method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T12:30:55.240" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29308" CreationDate="2017-09-01T13:02:35.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all depends on the project respectively the system under test (SUT) since you need pros and cons relative to it (as already pointed out by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/29308/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-non-selenium-web-automation-tools#comment34876_29308&quot;&gt;Kate Paulk&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might be a bit biased since I'm working for a tool vendor myself, but I disagree with &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/29311/21973&quot;&gt;Alexey R.&lt;/a&gt; &quot;[…] what is more valuable - it is free.&quot; There're awesome open source test tools, but sometimes you end up paying more on the bottom line—like I said, it depends. Joe Colantonio's blog post &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.joecolantonio.com/2017/07/06/choose-open-source-commercial-test-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;How to Choose Between Open-Source and Commercial Test Tools&quot;&lt;/a&gt; gives some insights on that topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As mentioned by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/29318/21973&quot;&gt;Peter Masiar&lt;/a&gt;, the fact that Selenium's WebDriver is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;W3C standard&lt;/a&gt; is a huge advantage. However, many say that &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.joecolantonio.com/2015/11/17/selenium-and-vendor-based-tools/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium is not a test tool—it's just an API&lt;/a&gt; to automate browsers. Just have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seleniumhq.org&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Selenium automates browsers&lt;/em&gt;. That's it! What you do with that power is entirely up to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is also why there're a lot of others tools which leverage the powerful WebDriver API, but offer additional, domain-specific functionality on top of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get back to your actual question: you may want to have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/36684966&quot;&gt;this SO thread&lt;/a&gt;, which recommends tools such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://nightwatchjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Nightwatch.js&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebdriverIO&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://devexpress.github.io/testcafe/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestCafé&lt;/a&gt; for testing Vue.js apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T19:01:43.633" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T19:01:43.633" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29308" CreationDate="2017-09-01T13:56:45.853" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disadvantages of any non-selenium tool are abundant:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is W3C standard for browser automation. This is a HUGE deal, it means it is here to stay for foreseable future, and any next generation of browser automation (or whatever technology will be used in 50 years) will be based on Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selenium is open-source (libre: liberty as free speech, not free beer). It means that there is huge community of developers who contribute to it's success (and because invested time in learning it, are interested in it succeeding any competitors), by contributing code or answering questions to recruit more users. And in any future changes in technology, developers have sources and can adapt them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like it or hate it, Selenium is here to stay, and any competing technologies is just a dog barking on a caravan. Dog barks, caravan moves on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can see that once a technology becomes commodity, people are not making money on the commodity part of it (because marginal cost of making millionth copy of a software package is almost zero), but on additional services and consultations how to use it. Interned was possible only because we have libre (open-source) operating system (Linux), web server (Apache), databases (Postgres, MySQL) and development languages (Perl, Python, Ruby, etc). Decades ago, developer had to pay for a compiler, database, OS, so had to charge for products. People who did not experiences such ecosystem do not understand how profound is the switch to libre = open source software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine how different would be architecture if architects had to pay license fee for using different kinds of windows, walls, doors etc in their design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T13:56:45.853" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29305" CreationDate="2017-09-01T14:10:30.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Document &lt;strong&gt;weekly rate&lt;/strong&gt; (count and seriousness) of newly detected bugs, fixed bugs, and fixes which failed and were returned back to development for additional fixes. Then you can &lt;strong&gt;extrapolate&lt;/strong&gt; how many would be detected in the week after release, and &lt;strong&gt;let managers to decide&lt;/strong&gt; if it is OK to release this many bugs to production, or longer testing is required to make product more stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compare these rates with rates for previous releases, and with known bugs detected in production after previous releases, so you can show the trends to management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember &lt;strong&gt;you cannot &quot;assure&quot; there are no bugs&lt;/strong&gt;. QA is &quot;Quality assistance&quot;: assist management to make &lt;strong&gt;best decisions for the business&lt;/strong&gt; by providing up-to-date info about current status, and trends, of the quality of the product. Sometimes management is willing to accept more risk to release version at certain date, and sometimes is willing to postpone to get better quality. It is business decision, QA just provides inputs for it (as does marketing, production, finance dept etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would never try to convince boss to delay the release. I would note that rate of detecting new bugs is higher that during previous releases, and let him to make the decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We work in aviation, and aviators are strong believers for checklists (and acronyms). So we have a &quot;Cutover Readiness Review&quot; (CRR) checklist, where we have all the information comparable with previous cutovers. After release, we have &quot;Release Lessons Learned&quot; where we can add new questions to CRR, to improve the process for next release One of the questions we ask is &quot;what is your gut feeling about the upcoming release&quot;, because once in RLL many people noted they had a strange gut feeling about the release which was hard to verbalize (and it was less that stellar success), so - a lesson was learned. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T22:16:01.863" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T22:16:01.863" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29322" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29371" CreationDate="2017-09-01T17:15:31.373" Score="7" ViewCount="584" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are currently working in an insurance claims processing space and even though we have high quality standards, testing and quality assurance overall has always been, honestly speaking, a supporting non-critical mechanism from a high-level position of our management.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I was always wondering, what it would be like to do testing and quality assurance for something much more critical in terms of what is at stake - aviation, aerospace engineering, healthcare, software for nuclear power plants..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cost of an error is enormously high - we can all remember the famous cases caused by software: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therac-25&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Therac 25 incident&lt;/a&gt; or the recent &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schiaparelli_EDM_lander#Crash&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Schiaparelli Mars lander crash&lt;/a&gt; - resulting into the loss of people's lives, loss of years of work of many people, money loss and many more negative consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How does knowing that your product under test may potentially lead to serious consequences affect a tester and his or her work? What is it like to participate in high-stake testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2019-04-02T12:44:11.457" Title="Quality assurance when people's lives are at stake" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29322" CreationDate="2017-09-01T17:47:44.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have never participated in such the testing however I think the systems which are critical to ones' lifes are designed in the way of high-modularity, self-diagnostic, functional duplication of components and higl level of component interfaces' formalisation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that when a tester tests some particular component they might even be not aware of what would be the E2E case that component would participate in and what would be &quot;the whole&quot; that component is going to be integrated into (or at least have just a guess). &lt;em&gt;So I think the testers do not put either more or less effort that they would put into testing of a, say, log-in form&lt;/em&gt;. Moreover I believe that the most part of testing is performed without human participation, and in the parts it isn't the components are tested several times by different teams and people to minimize a human-factor and make people feel comfortable in aspect of possible missing defects (as they would know that this feature will be re-tested by others)..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Functional testing in such systems should not differ a lot from the one we all know and love (hate). But the majority of test and dev resources, I think, are put into system design and architecture (like design a car) as well as into the final e2e tests (like destroy several cars in crash-tests, or ride for 100000km on a stand) or component-integration testing level (like test if the steering-wheel is well-joint to the wheels). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically everything should be pretty much like in regualr testing but more formal, standardized and expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T17:47:44.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29300" CreationDate="2017-09-01T18:16:59.380" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like a reasonable approach. However, regardless of all the other features you may come up with, you probably want to take the test's past bug detection into account (production and test system, but be aware of flaky tests). This can be an absolute (e.g. total number of found bugs) or a relative (e.g. number of found bugs within the last &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; days/weeks/months/…) value. When developers tend to make a specific test fail, you probably don't want to label it as a one-time candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's an awesome and freely available &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mbyG85GZ0PI&amp;amp;list=PLD63A284B7615313A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;course on ML by Professor Yaser Abu-Mostafa&lt;/a&gt;. He describes the &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/mbyG85GZ0PI?t=6m14s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;essence of ML&lt;/a&gt; as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;A pattern exists.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;We can pin it down mathematically.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;We have data on it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite often the first part isn't obvious, but I think that if you can describe it mathematically and have data, simply start coding. ML involves a lot of experimenting. Therefore, the sooner you start, the sooner you will know what to adapt. To quote &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/merantix/applying-deep-learning-to-real-world-problems-ba2d86ac5837&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rasmus Rothe&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[…] in real-world scenarios, it is less about showing that your new [ML] algorithm squeezes out an extra 1% in performance compared to another method. Instead it is about building a robust system which solves the required task with sufficient accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-09-01T19:30:00.827" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T19:30:00.827" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12007" CreationDate="2017-09-01T19:20:43.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't meet all of your requirements, but the SQLite database has a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqlite.org/testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;fairly comprehensive, though high-level, document on its testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure if you would call this a &quot;test plan&quot; or &quot;test concept&quot;; almost more of a test philosophy or high level documentation of their requirements for development as it relates to testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T19:20:43.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29326" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-01T19:56:36.123" Score="1" ViewCount="261" Body="&lt;p&gt;Both UiaComWrapper and UIAutomationTypes contain 'AutomationElement' class and its related properties. UiaComWrapper is added by default for every CodedUI project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I change UiaComWrapper 'AutomationElement' to UIAutomationTypes 'AutomationElement'?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2017-09-01T19:56:36.123" Title="Issue between UiaComWrapper and UIAutomation AutomationElement" Tags="&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29327" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29337" CreationDate="2017-09-02T06:29:40.877" Score="1" ViewCount="233" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing end-2-end testing with protractor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for creating a report of all these test cases, I am using &lt;code&gt;protractor-html-reporter&lt;/code&gt;, which creates an &lt;code&gt;.html&lt;/code&gt; file as report of all these test cases. All is good with that part. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want that after creating that html file, at the end I want to run it automatically on browser. Is it possible to do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27726" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-02T22:19:36.200" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T14:30:46.417" Title="I want to run report(.html file) of protractor-html-reportor" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29094" CreationDate="2017-09-02T10:12:38.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If possible yes. The main reason for this is because &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.trello.com/why-context-switching-ruins-productivity&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;context-switching is expensive&lt;/a&gt;. If you have to work in multiple languages (and maybe even in multiple IDE's) then for one feature your team might be switching back and forth between tools and languages. Each switch will cost time, certainly if one of the languages is only used once in a while.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Being proficient in a programming language is hard, being proficient in multiple is even harder. The less you need to switch thinking the better. Also you might not fully use the features of the second language and create shortcuts just to get it working and be done with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are good reasons to introduce extra tools or languages to a project, just make sure you weigh the cost of context switching, learning curve, motivation to learn (mainly from developers) and added complexity for new-comers to your project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Working with developers&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As test engineers are often the lesser coding gods, being able to utilise your lead developers to assist with good coding practises on the test automation is must in my book. Therefor make sure you pick your test automation languages with them together. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be really careful with introducing an extra language as testers into a project if you expect the developers to run, maintain and extend tests as they are adding new features. Just make sure you introduce testing tools with a whole team approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T10:12:38.690" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29206" CreationDate="2017-09-02T10:31:07.750" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it would. I like teams that execute exploratory testing in pairs, I think it is easier to write charters, create mind-maps and decide on heuristics together than alone. It will keep you sharper, you will go faster in executing and analysing the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like to find answers on the following questions during an interview: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will your team like working with him/her?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can they design good test-cases?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can they produce reproducible results in a free-format?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seeing how someone would approach a pair-testing session is worth a lot. It is about communication and test design. Also, you will notice if someone is a quick learner. Can they lead the session and get some results while working together with someone else. How do they respond to critical feedback during the session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exploratory testing sessions are time-boxed, making it a great candidate for a second interview test. You can perform it with a time-box of let's say 45 minutes and work with a tester colleague. Afterwards, review the results together with the hiring manager. Giving the candidates room to explain what they would do differently next time for example. Resulting in an interview of around 1.5 hours, which I think would be acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, I would do pair-programming of test automation on a simple application. Just like I would always do a &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/chris-nielsen/pair-programming-in-developer-interviews-d9b5f8a17a8f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pair-programming interview&lt;/a&gt; for developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-01-07T10:11:48.967" LastActivityDate="2020-01-07T10:11:48.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29259" CreationDate="2017-09-02T14:31:00.363" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firefox &lt;strong&gt;54&lt;/strong&gt; (not &lt;em&gt;34&lt;/em&gt;) is the latest Firefox version supported by the IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the normal installation button is grayed out as for some reason the IDE is marked here as compatible with Firefox up to 34 only (as Alexey said) - even so it works just fine in Firefox 54. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visit the Firefox Selenium IDE website&lt;/a&gt; using &lt;strong&gt;Chrome&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download the XPI (since you visit with Chrome, the page allows the xpi download)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Drag the XPI on the Firefox 54 window - done!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or alternatively: Switch to the new Kantu &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/kantu-browser-automation/gcbalfbdmfieckjlnblleoemohcganoc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt;. This IDE is a Chrome extension and uses the new webapis. Maybe it is already sufficient for your purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27658" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T14:31:00.363" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29271" CreationDate="2017-09-02T16:01:14.140" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In addition to @Camarde awnser, if you cannot easily use id's (in an Ember app, e.g.), you could use a factory that spawns WebElement according to its text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some Page Object:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;final String FORGOT_PASS_TEXT = &quot;Forgot Password&quot;;    &#xA;&#xA;public text getTextFromForgotPassword() {&#xA;  WebElement forgotPasswordElem = localizatedElementsFactory.findElementWithText(FORGOT_PASS_TEXT, rootElem);&#xA;  return forgotPasswordElem.getText();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The localizatedElementsFactory factory would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;LocalizedTextRetriver loc_text_retriver = ...&#xA;&#xA;public WebElement findElementWithText(text, rootElem) {&#xA;   return rootElem.findElementByText(loc_text_retriver.getLocalizedText(text));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;LocalizedTextRetriver would be an interface that retrives text from a language. That way, you can inject in runtime which language you want to test and all your tests would search, through the localizatedElementsFactory, for elements with a localized text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T16:01:14.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29292" CreationDate="2017-09-02T16:13:38.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First all, how should awnser if the tab is clickable or not?&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;The tab itself.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in the tab page object, you should have a function like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function isClickable() {&#xA;   return this.getAttribute('class').contains('disable');&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this, in your test, you can get each tab and test it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;expect(tabA.isClickable().toBe(True));&#xA;...&#xA;expect(tabE.isClickable().toBe(False));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you pass the locator for each tab into the Tab page object, it can be used for all tabs. This way, when the way the tabs get disabled change, you will need to change only the &lt;em&gt;isClickable&lt;/em&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-09-02T16:13:38.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29333" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-03T06:57:09.523" Score="0" ViewCount="1369" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my friend wants to start career in Software Testing. I have suggested him to join some software testing classes and take ISTQB foundation level certification. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the thing is he has qualification , &lt;strong&gt;12th + diploma in IT&lt;/strong&gt; and also he is doing some kind of network support work since 3 year in a non IT firm.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure that above qualification accepted for Software Tester job role?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suppose he has done certification and will have required skill then will it be comfortable to get a job after these many years of gap ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please suggest ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-09-03T08:21:05.023" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T06:17:11.423" Title="Qualification required to become a Software Tester" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;qualification&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-09-05T15:10:38.207" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29333" CreationDate="2017-09-03T08:39:25.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Qualifications to start working in QA will vary from one job offer to another, depending on skills required for a specific position and how high is demand vs. supply of people with specific skills on your local job market. For instance, in cities where it is harder to find a good QA companies might decide to employ lower qualified people and train them later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get a real picture of how it is in your friend's location I would  browse through job offers in his location. They usually say what experience and education are required. For instance, whether ISTQB certification is useful depends on a specific company -- see separate questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/1055/do-istqb-iseb-testing-certificates-prove-that-someone-can-test&quot;&gt;Do ISTQB/ISEB Testing Certificates prove that someone can test?&lt;/a&gt; and&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9969/will-getting-a-software-testing-certification-benefit-me-in-my-career?rq=1&quot;&gt;Will getting a Software Testing Certification benefit me in my career?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-09-03T09:29:44.367" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T09:29:44.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29335" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29771" CreationDate="2017-09-03T10:48:08.963" Score="1" ViewCount="164" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running automation test on local url, after some time (happening randomly)&#xA;url is strike-through for unknown reason and due to that , the site keeps on loading and test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y1u8Q.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y1u8Q.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using these confg-&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;chrom&lt;/strong&gt;e-60.0.3xx &#xA;&lt;strong&gt;chromedriver&lt;/strong&gt;-2.29&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;selenium webriver&lt;/strong&gt;- 2.53.x&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do anyone has some explanation. Any help would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T10:11:31.667" Title="URL address is Strikethrough when running Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29336" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18439" CreationDate="2017-09-03T14:24:02.223" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I tried this just now. &lt;p&gt;&#xA;Here my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;._1mf7._4jy0._4jy3._4jy1._51sy.selected._42ft&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27757" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T14:24:02.223" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29327" CreationDate="2017-09-03T14:30:46.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are using &lt;code&gt;grunt&lt;/code&gt; - there is a related grunt plugin - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jsoverson/grunt-open&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;grunt-open&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. You can configure this plugin to open your generated report once the tests are done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T14:30:46.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12007" CreationDate="2017-09-03T18:03:10.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably no company is going to publish their requirements and testing-plans. Modern open projects are not so documentation heavy, do not expect to find one publicly documented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you could try is to retrieve such documentation from a government. More and more governments have a policy that you can request publications of all kinds of stuff. I would guess that it should be possible to request all documents of a software projects your government has been implementing recently. This are also often the projects that are high on formal documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-03T18:03:10.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29340" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-04T05:16:11.940" Score="6" ViewCount="360" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing protractor test, and I am using ExpectedConditions as below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;var el = element(by.css('[class=&quot;loader-class ng-scope&quot;]'));&#xA;browser.wait(EC.not(EC.presenceOf(el)),25000);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Test is running quite good. But in console screen, I am getting this type of exception as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception thrown: Keeping the Selenium server alive&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xjOrs.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/xjOrs.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see, my test is in success status. So My question is, Why this exception is coming here? and how can I remove it from console screen?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27726" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T11:53:27.530" Title="Exception thrown: Keeping the Selenium server alive" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29341" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-04T05:21:46.977" Score="2" ViewCount="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to select a file from hard disk using watir ruby on MAC OS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one send me the sample watir ruby code to select a file from hard disk or local system using watir ruby on MAC OS&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27760" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T05:21:46.977" Title="How to select a file from hard disk using watir ruby on MAC OS" Tags="&lt;watir&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-09-04T05:41:14.163" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29333" CreationDate="2017-09-04T06:17:11.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software testing qualification is not only testing knowledge but also the areas around the context that will be tested. For example to add the best value in testing financial applications will be knowledge of finances also. Not only software. &#xA;The skills should be adjusted to the position that he is going to apply to, but I can agree that the fundamental knowledge is in ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus. There's no need to make a certificate (unless it's required in a particular company) but to have a good knowledge of the topics from syllabus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21382" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T06:17:11.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26334" CreationDate="2017-09-04T06:37:30.740" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It took me very long to go to the root cause, the issue lies at- https daemon does not have access to file in concern due to SELinux policies. So simple chown, chmod would not help(group and user access). For 1.16 I resolved it with re-installing with sudo user, but for upgrade, an issue arises again even with sudo user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And resolved issue by executing following commands, I hope this helps.&#xA;(Note: You might have to mend attributes to run it successfully) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$chcon -t httpd_sys_content_rw_t &quot;&amp;lt;path_to_testlink_folder&amp;gt;/gui/templates_c/&quot;&#xA;&#xA;$chcon -t httpd_sys_content_rw_t &quot;/&amp;lt;path_to_testlink_folder&amp;gt;/upload_area/&quot;&#xA;&#xA;$chcon -t httpd_sys_content_rw_t &quot;&amp;lt;path_to_testlink_folder&amp;gt;/logs&quot;&#xA;&#xA;$semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_rw_t &quot;&amp;lt;path_to_testlink_folder&amp;gt;(/.*)?&quot;&#xA;&#xA;$restorecon -R -v path_to_testlink_folder&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27763" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T06:44:42.287" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T06:44:42.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29345" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-04T06:42:36.573" Score="6" ViewCount="138" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to automate regression testing of our web application software. Has anyone used Telerik or TestComplete before for testing Silverlight applications, and if you have, can you share your experiences and share which of these tools would be best suited for automated testing of a Silverlight web application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27153" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T16:25:00.880" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T20:48:56.487" Title="Telerik vs TestComplete for Silverlight web application automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;testcomplete&gt;&lt;telerik&gt;&lt;silverlight&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29347" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-04T08:23:09.253" Score="2" ViewCount="5338" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to implement &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OCR&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tesseract&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.abbyy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Abbyy&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/10130/OCR-with-Microsoft-Office&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MODI&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://asprise.com/royalty-free-library/java-ocr-api-overview.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Aprise&lt;/a&gt;, etc..) to identify &lt;strong&gt;dynamically&lt;/strong&gt; changing web elements in application page at automation runtime. This way the Selenium webdriver automation script will always work without ever changing the object locators in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any directions to get started?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27766" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-09-04T12:31:49.597" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T08:17:29.817" Title="How to use OCR in Selenium to identify dynamic objects" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26648" CreationDate="2017-09-04T09:11:26.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Honestly, I wouldn't use a framework at all but instead write down a small python (because I like python, you can use any language you like though) script. You can easily ask for the os you're running on using the os class, download the appropriate installer using urllib and just repeat this for every dependency your AUT throws at you. If it's well designed the error should give you everything you need to resolve it so this shouldn't be too big a deal and you do not have to handle a giant framework for what's essentially just throwing around command lines and not using bash or batch comes with the added bonus that you can run one suite on all operating systems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T09:11:26.970" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29349" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-04T11:30:14.760" Score="3" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have learned and implemented JMeter in my current project. Now I want to move to the next level and learn performance testing in depth. I gave an interview for a performance tester role and they asked me about designing performance test strategies, performance tuning and other topics that were Greek to me! How should I proceed and what skill-sets should I learn? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="16597" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T05:49:30.817" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T05:49:30.817" Title="How to learn designing performance test strategies and performance tuning?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;learning&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29347" CreationDate="2017-09-04T12:27:27.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The flow for something like that would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3422262/take-a-screenshot-with-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;screenshot of your full browser window&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyse the screenshot with your OCR software and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5041038/is-there-an-ocr-library-that-outputs-coordinates-of-words-found-within-an-image&quot;&gt;let it return coordinates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interact with the element on that location, e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8535/selenium-how-to-click-at-x-y-coordinates&quot;&gt;click item coordinates&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say you want this because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Selenium script will always work without changing object locators in code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think your thought process is interesting, but I think this is a dream and a lie. What if the application changes so that your OCR software finds two or more objects with the same text? Which one should it use? What if you have multiple elements that look the same, but the order has changed. Think about edit buttons. I think you will introduce new maintainability issues, while you increase the complexity of the testing framework hugely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I assume you want to solve maintainability issues of Selenium tests, I would try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn to write &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27978/what-makes-a-good-selenium-locator&quot;&gt;good Selenium locators&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Centralize actions and locators in &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Objects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Force developers to run and update test during development, not afterwards by testers. I would also let the developers create the happy-path tests and extend those by testers if needed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write less Selenium tests, follow the guideline &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@NReijmersdal/the-test-eiffeltower-versus-test-pyramids-3b15e8621122#37cb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test automation effort spread&lt;/a&gt; as described by the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-pyramid&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T12:27:27.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29351" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-04T12:29:11.140" Score="2" ViewCount="418" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to update the IE settings like (Security level, popups, Zoom ... ) and also wanted to enable addons in &quot;Manage addons&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to updated those settings using VBscript/JavaScript with out using registry's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me with possible ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19411" LastActivityDate="2018-09-13T19:01:22.747" Title="How to change the settings and add-ons in IE using VBScript?(without registry)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;vbscript&gt;&lt;ie9&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29349" CreationDate="2017-09-04T14:59:04.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance &amp;amp; Load testing is not a single discipline. Your strategy probably requires other roles like developers, devops, managers and or infrastructure admins. Similar roles are needed for the tuning and re-testing, maybe even just to create proof the applied changes after the first test really have a positive effect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean, does the tester need to know how to change the performance of the database if it is a bottle-neck? Your probably need someone with DBA knowledge. How are you going to plan ahead, so you have the resources you need during the load-testing period.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning just the use of a single tool seems a bit underwhelming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the next steps in getting more skills?:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4597619/best-practices-and-literature-for-web-application-load-testing%5C&quot;&gt;read some books&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then read blogs and search for topics  and tools to research&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experiment with topics you found and blog about it (best way to learn)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-04T14:59:04.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29353" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29362" CreationDate="2017-09-04T15:35:28.270" Score="5" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a bit confused as in a few books, negative testing is described as trying to break the system with providing inputs outside the defined group..which I understand and agree with ...and that a &lt;em&gt;negative test is when product delivers an error when it should not or not deliver an error when it should.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that does not make much sense, that deals with the actual result of the test while the positive-negative test is a matter of design. I cannot imagine how a negative test can result in a situation when it throws an error when it should not, because that is in my opinion a situation that can never happen if you design test with intention to break the system.&#xA;I believe these authors confuse test result and purpose of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a fields accepts only letters and should show a message when putting numbers, I believe putting numbers is actually a positive test case as it verifies specified behaviour.&#xA;But maybe I am missing something here..? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T18:47:22.353" LastActivityDate="2021-03-25T03:08:46.120" Title="Negative testing - delivering error when it should not?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;&lt;negative-test&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29353" CreationDate="2017-09-04T16:30:14.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not see contradictions here. You have some definition of a valid input. Testing a valid input is defined as a positive case. (Those are basically the cases the system is designed for).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also nearly infinite number of cases how one can use the system in the way different from what the system's been originally designed for. The systems also might not be implemented for handling some of such cases but implemented for handling some other ones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact the system has some predefined instructions for how to handle some of the &amp;quot;unexpected&amp;quot; cases does not make those tests positive. I would say the goal of the negative testing is to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure the requirements for handling unexpected cases are met&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Minimize the number of unhandled cases (and their potential impact to the system)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As it seems to me, in other words, knowing how the system should react on an input does not define whether the test is positive or negative. It is rather defined by the &amp;quot;in scope/out of scope&amp;quot; section of requirements document or general knowledge of what the feature is intended to be applied to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="1171" LastEditDate="2021-03-25T03:08:46.120" LastActivityDate="2021-03-25T03:08:46.120" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29358" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1920" CreationDate="2017-09-05T08:55:40.903" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hope below answer helps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug report provided by QA testing services should be precise so that the developer can understand the issue at once. Therefore, defect&#xA;description should contain the following information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;a) Summary: The summary should be short and descriptive. It should be&#xA;created in such a way that the bug base searching can point to the bug&#xA;efficiently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;b) Pre-requisites: The pre-conditions/ requirements to reproduce the&#xA;bug should be provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;c) Steps to Reproduce: Step-wise description to reproduce the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;d) Actual Result: A short summary of what is actually happening. It&#xA;should not be too detailed but should give a clear picture of the&#xA;defect. It could be extended to 2-3 sentences to describe the&#xA;observations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e) Expected Result: The desired behaviour should be described in this&#xA;section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;f) What's working: In case any workaround is available for the defect&#xA;or the same functionality is working fine anywhere in the application.&#xA;Then it should be provided in this section to ease the developer in&#xA;rectifying the issue on backend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;g) Screen-shot or Video: Attach/Upload the screenshots or video to&#xA;reproduce and understand the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;h) Environment: OS, Browser, Test Application Version details where&#xA;the defect is occurring&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the sample bug report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Summary:  TV is not getting powered on after pressing the 'Power' button&#xA;from remote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pre-requisites: 1) Ensure that TV and remote are available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps to Reproduce: 1) Switch on the TV. 2) Hold the remote. 3) Press&#xA;'Power (green)' button from remote. 4) Observe the behaviour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actual Result: Power screen flashes for some time and the black screen&#xA;is displayed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expected Result: TV should get started and Home screen should be&#xA;displayed after clicking the 'Power' button from remote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What's working: TV is getting started after clicking 'Power' button&#xA;from TV (button available under TV screen's on border panel).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Environment: TV: Brand/Model&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwaretestingboard.com/qna/2325/can-you-give-me-sample-of-bug-report-you-have-written&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Can you give me sample of bug report you have written?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23986" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-27T08:31:13.157" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T08:31:13.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29205" CreationDate="2017-09-05T11:48:10.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In simple words,&#xA; its how the value (on an avg.) has deviated from the Average value.&#xA;Regardless of the context, I would say you can safely ignore this value given the min/max value stay within acceptable SLA; if not then higher SD points to skewing of numbers towards either the min (negative number) or the max (positive integer) value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T11:48:10.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13163" CreationDate="2017-09-05T11:50:58.220" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had this issue once - it was the JAR file and the java version which gave me this headache.&#xA;Update your java ACCORDING to the downloaded jmeter (or rather re download the jmeter itself) and you should be good to go&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T11:50:58.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29361" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10387" CreationDate="2017-09-05T11:53:20.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Save the results file as JTL and open it from that location.&#xA;It might take some trial and error to find out exactly how to configure it but it will be worth your effort.&#xA;Do read the link mentioned in the above answer as well for further insight in to this section  of Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T11:53:20.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29353" CreationDate="2017-09-05T12:08:33.480" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is the reason I prefer not to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; test case terminology. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are some sources who maintain that testing expected error conditions is &quot;negative&quot; testing. Others claim that testing unexpected error conditions is &quot;negative&quot; testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;a negative test is when product delivers an error when it should not&#xA;  or not deliver an error when it should&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree with you that this is an incorrect statement: when the software generates an error in a situation that should not produce errors, or fails to generate an error in a situation where an error should occur, you have a &lt;strong&gt;failed test&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My preferred terminology covers things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Happy path/steel thread testing&lt;/strong&gt; - tests that cover the essential functionality of a feature. In the case of an e-commerce app, this would be tests to add items to a cart and check them out.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other requirement testing&lt;/strong&gt; - tests that cover the stated and implied requirements other than the essential functionality. Using the e-commerce app example, this might include tests like ensuring that all pages in the system share a consistent look and feel, or that new features don't interact poorly with existing features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Defined error testing&lt;/strong&gt; - tests that cover any defined failure situations. Using the example above, a test that covers using an invalid credit card for a purchase would be an example of a defined error test. So would a test that attempts to purchase a quantity of -1 items. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Failure testing&lt;/strong&gt; - tests that explore the system's ability to recover from unexpected error conditions. In the e-commerce app example, this might include ensuring the app recovers from a network failure partway through a transaction, or that it doesn't crash when given textual input in fields expecting numeric input.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is that &lt;em&gt;only&lt;/em&gt; failure testing should be considered negative testing, but there isn't a consensus, so if you discuss negative testing, you should be prepared to define which of the accepted meanings you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T12:08:33.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25909" CreationDate="2017-09-05T12:09:52.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Follow this method to write data in rows and columns:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a notepad file out of the dat you want to pass in csv format, in this way - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Name, Requests, Errors, trnxs&#xA;AB,CD,EF,GH&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(No space betweeen the lines and no extra lines)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Save the file with .csv extension. For ex: requests.csv&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a csv config element in your thread group and load this requests.csv file.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now you are good to go. You can use these values as parameters.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For ex: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//code&#xA;&#xA;system.out.println(&quot;The errors are: &quot; + ${Errors})&#xA;&#xA;//code&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But looking at your code, I am getting a feeling that you are either using some variables which aren't compatible with Jmeter or you havent loaded some of the required jar files.&#xA;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T13:25:24.247" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T13:25:24.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17851" CreationDate="2017-09-05T12:18:09.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds like a cache / cookie situation to me. As mentioned in the above comment, add a cookie manager and see whether that helps.&#xA;Also dont forget to clear the cache and cookies before running the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T12:18:09.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28679" CreationDate="2017-09-05T12:25:46.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add a header manager - try with Content-Type and if it didnt work then try with Accept; remember these for the future -&#xA;400 series error - Check the Header file&#xA;500 series error - check the data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21052" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T12:25:46.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29367" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29388" CreationDate="2017-09-05T13:22:17.593" Score="4" ViewCount="11360" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to run test scripts in parallel for Selenium WebDriver with Visual Studio and C# ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastEditorUserId="22940" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T06:50:12.760" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T14:37:15.063" Title="Parallel Execution in Selenium with Visual Studio" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29368" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-05T13:41:22.687" Score="2" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made a social media web application and I want to test the compatibility of the web application for the different type of browsers and browser version.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started testing my web application manually but it is not an efficient way to cover all combination of browsers and browser versions. So is there any way possible to do same?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T15:08:09.163" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T20:06:54.580" Title="What is the fastest way to test a website across all browsers and browser versions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29322" CreationDate="2017-09-05T14:14:58.290" Score="7" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Such domains are often regulated&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some such industries there are external regulations that require certain processes to be in place, not only for testing but also for the rest of the development cycle. I work in the medical device industry, which in the U.S. is regulated by the FDA. The FDA has three &quot;classes&quot; of medical device based on the level of risk: Class I, Class II, and Class III, with Class III devices being things like implantables that have the highest risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The types of things the FDA requires (and if you get audited, you must provide documented evidence for), are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reviews of design artifacts (such as requirements and tests) in addition to code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Traceability of requirements to tests (and for the higher classes, traceability must also extend to design and code)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Objective evidence of the testing that is performed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Validation of any third-party software used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For products involving hardware, ensuring final testing is performed on production-ready hardware as opposed to earlier prototypes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is more but I'm not an expert by any means, and as developers we operate based on internal procedures that are derived from the FDA guidance by our regulatory and legal teams, so I can't get too detailed without spending a lot of time reading the actual FDA legal-speak.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some resources if you care for more details, though there's a lot to wade through:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.fda.gov/aboutfda/centersoffices/officeofmedicalproductsandtobacco/cdrh/cdrhtransparency/ucm378714.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Overview of Medical Device Classification and Reclassification&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=820&amp;amp;showFR=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure what regulations require it, but we also have stringent requirements when it comes to defects found in fielded products, whether by customers, or by our internal team after a product is shipped. If any employee discovers or hears about a defect from a customer, they are required to enter it into the system within a short amount of time. If it's a defect that has caused, or could cause harm, it may well cause a &quot;stop ship&quot;, recall, or field update.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;My experience working in this environment&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coming out of school, I had read about the Therac incident and the one field I didn't want to work in was medical devices. Well, here I am. While I haven't worked on any Class III devices, to be honest it hasn't been as scary as I imagined. The regulations, while sometimes requiring more paperwork and process than seems necessary, mostly require things that are good ideas and common sense anyway. I have the privilege of working on a very good team that was committed to quality even before they started building clinical devices; I believe this team commitment is the biggest factor in actually achieving quality. We celebrate finding bugs (because every bug we find and fix is a bug that doesn't harm a customer or patient), but practices such as code reviews, design reviews, pair programming, etc. help prevent many defects before we even have to find them in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I was an intern at this company, I once ran an overnight experiment on hardware, which my manager walked by in the morning to find the remains of a rather spectacular crash. When I got in, I had an instant message from him saying &quot;so I guess I can call you a certified &amp;lt;product name&amp;gt; engineer now :)&quot;. It turned out my simple experiment had uncovered a firmware bug that led to the crash, which a couple more experienced devs then helped me investigate. Essentially being congratulated for my first crash, rather than blamed or scolded, definitely made an impression. Having a blame-free environment takes a lot of the pressure off, especially when the risks and stakes are high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Some of the downsides/risks&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will add, though, that with such regulations there is more opportunity for abuse of power. What we call our &quot;quality&quot; group is really more about regulatory compliance: they're looking at whether we have all our documentation in place and ensuring our testing is compliant with regulations, versus doing the actual testing. Since we can't ship a product without having that documentation in place, this group is effectively a gatekeeper. However, since many of the actual regulations prescribe more of the &quot;what&quot; than the &quot;how&quot;, much is often left to the interpretation of the quality staff assigned to your particular project. While every quality person I have personally worked with has been very reasonable and good to work with, I have heard horror stories about other groups in our company, like documents being rejected for using the wrong font, claiming documents are missing required information without providing details about what that information should be, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In such situations, engineers must often dive into the actual regulations to understand what is an actual requirement versus the whim of the particular quality staff you're dealing with. Otherwise the &quot;compliance&quot; or &quot;policy&quot; card will trump the &quot;common sense&quot; card every time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you fail an audit by a regulator like the FDA, the company may have to put &quot;remediation&quot; efforts in place that require extra process, and the actual developers and testers may have little say in what is actually a useful remediation versus busy work that makes your process look better without actually improving quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2019-04-01T17:31:50.523" LastActivityDate="2019-04-01T17:31:50.523" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29370" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-05T14:21:57.490" Score="1" ViewCount="171" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made a web platform for the cab booking service. And I want to ensure the user interface and functionality of my web application is working across different browsers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there are many browsers available in the market, can you people suggest me to choose the browsers for testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T09:19:19.653" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T09:19:19.653" Title="What are the top browsers to test on?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29322" CreationDate="2017-09-05T14:43:17.220" Score="6" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How does knowing that your product under test may potentially lead to serious consequences affect a tester and his or her work? What is it like to participate in high-stake testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I test software that handles sterile processing of surgical instruments. Although our software isn't directly responsible for the sterilization, it is responsible for tracking the instruments through the sterilization process. Therefore, bugs have the potential to indirectly affect the patient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thankfully, most of the features I've worked on aren't involved in the sterile processing (they aid in the processing, like reports or production managers).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I do get near software that can directly interfere in peoples lives, like when I tested the HL7 ordering functionality...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...Nothing is really that different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nervousness is a part of testing. I don't mean sitting there biting your fingernails and then losing sleep at night because your testing may or may not have tragic consequences. I mean that I &lt;em&gt;try&lt;/em&gt; to be nervous, on a smaller scale, that what I'm testing doesn't work. That small amount of nervousness is enough to keep me on my toes and not get mislead into the &quot;Everything is fine!&quot; fantasy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I catch myself feeling in the shadow of impending doom, I take a step back and reassure myself that I can do a good job if I bring my calm (mostly), collected (mostly) testing mindframe to the task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having the criticality of the software at the back of your mind is helpful in the meta-testing decisions (Is this bug critically important? Which feature is the priority? Is my testing Done?), but I find the moment-to-moment testing activity is oblivious to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In-fact, the feeling of testing something &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;well&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is sometimes the best remedy for the stress the responsibility brings! I've previously felt my nerves and concerns about the impact of our release slip away as I mercilessly pursue an evasive bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll end on a comment that these are my views. The views of others I work with are probably different. I see people get very antsy around nervous times, but I try to remind them that being nervous isn't going to get bugs fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good testing will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24363" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T14:43:17.220" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29370" CreationDate="2017-09-05T14:45:02.373" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can search around for browser statistics over the Internet. As an example here is the stats provided by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/Browsers/default.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;w3schools.com&lt;/a&gt; based on over 45 million monthly visits. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;NB!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; The table captions are clickable so that you can drill into the details of particular browser version stats.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="27679" LastEditDate="2017-09-05T15:11:09.150" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T15:11:09.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29368" CreationDate="2017-09-05T15:06:31.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, &lt;em&gt;you should have things automated&lt;/em&gt;. Then, when you have a battery of automated tests, you have several options to choose from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/start&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserStack&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sauce Labs&lt;/a&gt; that provide remote selenium server capabilities covering tons of different operating systems and browsers. They are not free, but solve the &quot;selenium server as a service&quot; problem for you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;configure your own &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/07_selenium_grid.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/a&gt; with multiple selenium nodes for different operating systems and browsers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T15:06:31.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29376" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22887" CreationDate="2017-09-05T19:08:09.120" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Literally just solved this problem using an evaluate to change the selected value of the elements. In this case....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;nightmare&#xA;  .evaluate(function() {&#xA;    document.getElementsByName(&quot;selectRegionAndDistrict&quot;)[0].options[3].selected = true;&#xA;})&#xA;  .end()&#xA;  .then(function(result) {&#xA;    console.log(result);&#xA;  })&#xA;  .catch(function(error) {&#xA;    console.error(&quot;Error:&quot;, error);&#xA;  }); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;would give you the selected element of the text TR3 that you are looking for. In the evaluate you would have the correct javascript environment to even run logic if you needed to dynamically determined which option to select, or if you needed to loop through all of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27798" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T19:08:09.120" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29368" CreationDate="2017-09-05T20:06:54.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to find out what browsers/versions are used by &lt;strong&gt;your own&lt;/strong&gt; users. Testing browsers which are not used by your users (even if used on other websites) is waste of effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-09-05T20:06:54.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29378" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29387" CreationDate="2017-09-05T21:25:35.883" Score="1" ViewCount="214" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use selenium in Java to automate our tests in our projects. Some UI pages are are developed with Angular; there selection of elements often fails and the only way to proceed with our testing is to resort to running some JavaScript (via the &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/javascript-and-selenium-javascriptexecutor/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JS executor&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is this approach valid or is it considered a bad practice?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27413" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T14:31:07.013" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T14:31:07.013" Title="Combining Java and JS executor in Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29379" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29385" CreationDate="2017-09-05T22:43:24.277" Score="5" ViewCount="53749" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use a proprietary framework based on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://rest-assured.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;REST-assured&lt;/a&gt; library and &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG&lt;/a&gt; to automate API testing for our REST web services. I saw some api testing code which uses &lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(n seconds)&lt;/code&gt; to wait for a response to be returned. This seems wrong to me because the response times can vary. I believe that there should be a better way to wait for a response, i.e. wait only as much as necessary. Maybe I could poll every few milliseconds, or by use an observer (test)-observed (api) design pattern, or something else. I am not sure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I wait for an api to return a response ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what the code looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void doApiTesting() throws Exception &#xA;{   &#xA;    framework.loginUser(User);&#xA;    framework.createNewData();//Takes some time.&#xA;    Thread.sleep(10000);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T18:24:38.323" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T12:42:00.390" Title="How to wait for an api request to return a response?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29304" CreationDate="2017-09-06T07:33:00.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Groovy:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def groovyUtils = new com.eviware.soapui.support.GroovyUtils( context ) &#xA;def responseHolder = groovyUtils.getXmlHolder( &quot;CHANGE THIS TO YOUR SOAP CALL ID#response&quot; )  &#xA;&#xA;// Extract ProposalId field from the XML&#xA;def dataString = responseHolder.getNodeValue[&quot;//&amp;lt;CMFResponse&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ReturnCode&amp;gt;&quot;]&#xA;// Use split to extract the required data&#xA;def temp1, temp2, sessionId&#xA;temp1 = dataString.split(&quot;SessionID=&quot;)&#xA;temp2 = temp1.split(&quot;]]&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;sessionID = temp2[0]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark Smith&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4781" LastEditorUserId="15919" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T11:23:55.973" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T11:23:55.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29383" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-06T07:50:00.773" Score="0" ViewCount="1351" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I click one submit button, One pop up (Modal) window get open. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I have to click on any one of the buttons among the list of the button. So after clicking on the submit button, I am using wait function to wait till the element to be clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait = new WebDriverWait(oBrowser, stimeout);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(ele));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the program was stuck here. It will not click on any button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any one help me to solve this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27811" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-06T11:01:45.457" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T11:01:45.457" Title="wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(ele)) is not working" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-09-25T19:25:03.873" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29383" CreationDate="2017-09-06T08:30:42.220" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In questions , There is one new window get opened. As per selenium documentations, script can not work with two window simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So solution is script need to move to that screen/window/frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As per my knowledge, there are two possibilities :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;1. Browser Window :&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First switch to window and make script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   // Switch to new window opened&#xA;    for(String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()){&#xA;    driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);&#xA;    if(driver.getTitle().equals(&quot;your title&quot;)){&#xA;       // your code&#xA;       wait = new WebDriverWait(oBrowser, stimeout);&#xA;       wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(ele));&#xA;     }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;2. Frame :&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First switch to frame and do script actions (Note : you would see &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iframe&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag in HTML page )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By Index : &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(0);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By Name  : &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&quot;name of the iframe element&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By ID    : &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(&quot;id of the iframe element&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/handling-iframes-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reference&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : May be that modal window is integrated with existing window. Please check your page loaded properly or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T08:30:42.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29379" CreationDate="2017-09-06T09:55:43.233" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;HTTP is a synchronous protocol* so active polling is not an option. You need to wait until client receives response or request times out. There are two ways to constrain synchronous behaviour with timeout.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One is to set a timeout for receiving a response. REST-Assured uses Apache HTTP Client for which you can set &lt;code&gt;http.socket.timeout&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;http.connection.timeout&lt;/code&gt;. See answers for &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6764035/apache-httpclient-timeout&quot;&gt;Apache HttpClient timeout&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-4.2.x/tutorial/html/connmgmt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache HTTP Client documentation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another solution is to set a certain timeout for a block of your test code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new TimeLimitedCodeBlock(5, TimeUnit.MINUTES) { &#xA;&#xA;  @Override &#xA;  public void codeBlock() {&#xA;     framework.createNewData();//Takes some time.&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}.run();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;TimeLimitedCodeBlock&lt;/code&gt; is described in answers to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5715235/java-set-timeout-on-a-certain-block-of-code&quot;&gt;Java: set timeout on a certain block of code?&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;*Synchronous communication&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In program-to-program communication, synchronous communication&#xA;  requires that each end of an exchange of communication respond in turn&#xA;  without initiating a new communication. A typical activity that might&#xA;  use a synchronous protocol would be a transmission of files from one&#xA;  point to another. As each transmission is received, a response is&#xA;  returned indicating success or the need to resend. Each successive&#xA;  transmission of data requires a response to the previous transmission&#xA;  before a new one can be initiated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Active polling is not an option, because waiting for HTTP Response is synchronous: it blocks the current thread until response is received. &lt;code&gt;TimeLimitedCodeBlock&lt;/code&gt; class I mentioned waits for HTTP Response in a separate thread. The separate thread terminates when HTTP Response is received or time out passes. Instead of actively checking (polling) if a separate thread has received HTTP response, &lt;code&gt;TimeLimitedCodeBlock&lt;/code&gt; is waiting for a separate thread to terminate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T12:40:07.713" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T12:40:07.713" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-06T11:58:27.930" Score="1" ViewCount="152" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in an organisation that is one of many stakeholders in a large software project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both functional and non-functional(quality) requirements have been specified years ago, and the solution is now being delivered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that the solution does not deliver the non-functional requirements that the stakeholders initially specified. These relate to resilience, availability, life-cycle cost, flexibility in evolution/development etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that architecture and design goals are basically nothing more than a bet that our non-functional requirements will be met.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I would like to formally document how and to which degree the implemented solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adheres to the specified design and architecture.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fails to deliver the non-functional requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand the ATAM method is primarily focused validating design and architecture in the design phase and not post-delivery verification of a solution. ISVV from looking at the Wikipedia is primarily focused on functional requirements ... Or am I mistaking?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I attack this problem and what widely regarded methods are availble to analyze an existing solution according to spec'd design goals and non-functional requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27814" LastActivityDate="2019-09-10T22:03:40.520" Title="Validating adherence to software architecture/design after implementation" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29378" CreationDate="2017-09-06T12:10:59.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If using javascript via JS executor is the only way you can access the item, then it can't be a bad practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some alternatives you might like to consider, because this approach can be complex and fragile:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can convince the developers to ensure that each element on a page has a unique, unchanging identifier you can use that. Even if you have to get it via a custom attribute.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you aren't able to have the developers give you something accessible, the next step is to look for the closest element in the DOM that you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; access via Selenium, then go through that element's children/siblings to locate the element you need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't be afraid of using a search for elements that contain a specific string. You can do something like &lt;code&gt;findElements(By.TagName, &quot;div&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; then within the element collection filter out the ones that contain the text you're looking for. (In C# I would use Linq: &lt;code&gt;findElements(By.TagName, &quot;div&quot;).Where(el -&amp;gt; el.InnerHtml.Contains(&quot;my search string&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;. A java expert would need to tell you how to get the same result using java).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You should be able to use multiple &lt;code&gt;findElements()&lt;/code&gt; statements to narrow down your results. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If nothing else works, you can then use the JS Executor for your final search or to manipulate an element that is otherwise not able to be modified (such as some date selectors that do not permit text entry: I've used selenium find methods to locate the date selector, then JS Executor to enable it in order to enter a date).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T12:10:59.680" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29367" CreationDate="2017-09-06T14:28:44.887" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;: the answer is assuming you're using the MsTest unit test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Solution 1&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to run parallel tests is simply to activate this flag here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ilb22.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ilb22.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An important note here: this only works for tests in different assemblies (projects). So tests in the same test project will still run sequentially. Of course, with large test suites for several modules, proper structuring of code should almost automatically result in several projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Solution 2&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to run in parallel is &lt;a href=&quot;https://ardalis.com/run-your-unit-tests-in-parallel-to-maximize-performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;described here&lt;/a&gt;, in short: add the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;parallelTestCount&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; node to the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Execution&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; node in your TestSettings.xml.&#xA;This allows parallelism within an assembly. However, I have noticed that you'll probably need to deploy resource files using the &lt;code&gt;DeploymentItem&lt;/code&gt; attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Solution 3&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using SeleniumGrid &lt;a href=&quot;http://colinsalmcorner.com/post/parallel-testing-in-a-selenium-grid-with-vsts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;as described here&lt;/a&gt;. I imagine this option is beyond the intent of your question?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T14:28:44.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28435" CreationDate="2017-09-06T17:05:02.153" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer doesn't directly get it with the load testing tools, but an alternate method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Utilize logging to pull logs from each server and set the destination for the logging to an external location.  This will allow you to get the logs from each server respectively into a desired location for each server on your systems.  You will then be able to compare the server logs with the test execution to be sure know which server was doing what at what time.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note&lt;/em&gt;: You will also need to be sure that the server and application logging is setup to sufficiently capture the traffic/activities you are after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-09-06T17:05:02.153" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29379" CreationDate="2017-09-06T19:15:12.277" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote a custom wait method for the same purpose. You can create a similar one to match your needs. The method below waits atMost TIMEOUT seconds or until the API response has the expectedString&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String waitUntilStringFoundInResponse(String apiPath, HashMap&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt; parameters, String findMe, int TIMEOUT) throws Exception {&#xA;    String result = null;&#xA;    int i = 0;&#xA;    while (i &amp;lt; TIMEOUT) {&#xA;        result = postHttpsRequest(apiPath, parameters);&#xA;        if (result.contains(findMe)) {&#xA;            break;&#xA;        } else {&#xA;            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);&#xA;            ++i;&#xA;            if (i == TIMEOUT) {&#xA;                throw new TimeoutException(&quot;Timed out after waiting for &quot; + i + &quot; seconds&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    return result;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a method in &lt;code&gt;org.awaitility.Awaitility&lt;/code&gt; that can be used for the same purpose, but the method runs on a different thread, so I was having session issues. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/awaitility/awaitility/wiki/Usage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is the documentation&lt;/a&gt; for that if you prefer to use that instead of writing a custom one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18918" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T12:42:00.390" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T12:42:00.390" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29391" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-06T20:08:06.343" Score="3" ViewCount="87" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company, we don't have enough resources to hire a product owner to do this job (deliver the product to the client). Now, the PM is the responsible for this. But, if the SQA team (or one of its members) know the customer needs inside the company and gather its software requeriments, we suppose they have to participate in the delivery too, so we think is something that can be achieved through the SQA Team. Is a good policy? How must to be the relation between the SQA team and the customer?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27819" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:17:13.920" Title="Should the SQA Team participate in delivering the product to the customer?" Tags="&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;release&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29392" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-07T01:07:47.767" Score="-1" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just looking to &lt;a href=&quot;https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/382794/17056&quot;&gt;parse&lt;/a&gt; html found &quot;in the wild&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very simple script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;curl -s http://www.foo.com  &amp;gt; 1.html&#xA;xmlstarlet fo  -H -R 2&amp;gt; /dev/null 1.html &amp;gt; 2.html&#xA;xmlstarlet sel -t -v &quot;//header[@name='title']&quot; -n 2.html &amp;gt; 3a.html&#xA;xmlstarlet sel -t -v '//table//tr//h3/span' -n 2&amp;gt; /dev/null 2.html &amp;gt; 3b.html&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but &lt;code&gt;xmlstarlet&lt;/code&gt; is barfing with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     ^&#xA;2.html:324.11: Opening and ending tag mismatch: div line 241 and tr&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#13;&#xA;          ^&#xA;2.html:324.19: Opening and ending tag mismatch: div line 240 and table&#xA;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#13;&#xA;                  ^&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;what else can I do to massage the &lt;code&gt;html&lt;/code&gt; for &lt;code&gt;xmlstarlet&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8900" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T10:21:34.903" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:29:24.690" Title="How to massage or format html in order to parse with xmlstarlet?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;web&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;validation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2017-09-07T06:53:54.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although document.readyState works most of the time, rather than relying on document.readyState, I would suggest observing which element on the page loads last. You can base the further processing on the loading of that final element &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27825" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T06:53:54.227" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29395" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29403" CreationDate="2017-09-07T08:51:42.343" Score="2" ViewCount="1134" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a DBA by profession and never been part of any development or testing activity. It will be great if you can help me with the calculation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Calculate defect leakage in design where there are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;15 requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;15 review defects &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;15 design defects &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;20 code review defects which include 10 design related defect captured during code review&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;20 system test defects &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27797" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T10:20:01.720" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T12:09:13.290" Title="Defect leakage calculation" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29397" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17233" CreationDate="2017-09-07T09:42:17.770" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Headless browsers can barely deal with iframes.  I have found that if your iframe contains an entire workflows html, the headless driver cannot distinguish between two elements on different &quot;pages&quot; with the same css, where as non headless can&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15603" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T09:42:17.770" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29398" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29402" CreationDate="2017-09-07T10:35:53.840" Score="3" ViewCount="888" Body="&lt;p&gt;Where I work we have 3 environments for our product: Test, Mirror, Production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test is used for development purposes. Mirror is used for feature promotion, staging, and sometimes we share this environment with our key users so they can conduct UAT. Production is our live server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For regular deployments to Production, we use this process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functional testing for new features &amp;amp; bug fixes on the test server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If all validated, promote to deploy to Mirror&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Regression testing for existing features in Mirror&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If all validated, promote to deploy to Production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Smoke testing in Production&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;For hotfixes, is there a standard lightweight version of this process, and if so what is it?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems excessive to regress all features in Mirror for hotfix deployments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27833" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T11:52:36.467" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T11:58:55.563" Title="Testing Process differences between test, stage, production for hotfixes vs feature releases" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29399" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-07T11:19:58.073" Score="1" ViewCount="22680" Body="&lt;p&gt;folks, I am intermediate in selenium and Java. I have tried to googled-out for the solution but not understand well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please suggest me how to verify sorting functionality of table using selenium web driver (with java). Please provide the explanation with the examples it would be helpful for me.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumeasy.com/test/table-sort-search-demo.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Here is the Table link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18437" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T11:30:14.720" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T13:37:59.370" Title="How to verify table sorting functionality using selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6588" CreationDate="2017-09-07T11:23:33.797" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As in previous responses, using static &quot;sleeps&quot; is not good idea. WebDriver Wait(...) should be best option for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However you need to be extra careful about the condition, as some elements are loading in different order. In my case bests results came with asking JS is everything is in place already :) Method that perform validation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; return ((string)Driver.ExecuteScript(&quot;return document.readyState&quot;)).Equals(&quot;complete&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course Driver class is a wrapper around original WebDriver's driver and to execute script I'm using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public object ExecuteScript(string javascriptCode, params object[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            return ((IJavaScriptExecutor)DriverInstanceInstance).ExecuteScript(javascriptCode, args);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23732" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T11:23:33.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29399" CreationDate="2017-09-07T11:30:57.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you are intermediate, I will just write out the pseudocode for the logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click the header of the column you wish to sort.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a list of the cell values of the sorted column by repeating these steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fetch all values from current page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to next page if there is one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Run a compare method on the list to see if the values are in order (either ascending or descending). &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3047051/how-to-determine-if-a-list-is-sorted-in-java&quot;&gt;Look through some answers here&lt;/a&gt;. Because WebElements are found from top to bottom, the order you see them on the page should be preserved in the list.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: it's possible that Selenium starts getting cell values before the sort action is finished. In this case, add a waiting mechanism after step 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T11:30:57.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29402" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29398" CreationDate="2017-09-07T11:58:55.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends on the fix.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the fix is something that hits low lying functionality used by the entire system, then the entire system needs to be regression tested. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the fix involves the functionality of only one specific feature and has no interaction with any other feature, only that feature needs to be regression tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the fix involves something trivial, then a smoke test level regression test is all that's needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T11:58:55.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29395" CreationDate="2017-09-07T12:09:13.290" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is one of those questions where there is no absolutely correct answer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for all defects that leaked from design to test, then there are 20 because the defects captured (and presumably corrected) during code review don't count towards that number.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for defects that were not captured and fixed during design, it would be the 10 found during code review, and possibly some or all of the 20 found in test depending on whether their root cause relates to design flaws.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, this metric isn't particularly effective because what ultimately matters is how many defects leak to production, and how much they impact the customers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T12:09:13.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29391" CreationDate="2017-09-07T12:23:35.197" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe QA should be involved in &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; aspects of the software design and development process. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that if QA is involved early enough in the process, bugs can be &lt;em&gt;avoided&lt;/em&gt; rather than merely &lt;em&gt;detected and fixed&lt;/em&gt;. In the best situations, I've had my teams participate in all Requirements and Specs reviews. They were trained experts at spotting inconsistencies and omissions - highlighting these and having them fixed during reviews meant that the product owners, product managers and developers were more in synch. This resulted in fewer bugs in the eventual code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When configurations and migrations occurred during the installation process, I believe that QA can play a significant part in checking the results of the installation - ensuring that they meet expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that it may not be necessary for QA to specifically meet customers, although I have seen it be a useful adjunct to more effective testing. In one early-stage startup, we got to meet the first Beta customer and see how she actually performer her job. That allowed us to imagine how her job could be simplified/enhanced as we developer the software her company would eventually use. We even had a way to look at features and issues that we called &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allthingsquality.com/2010/04/barbara-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;The Barbara Test&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think QA can be a de-facto Product Owner. Nor do I think QA can take the place of a real Product Manager. I don't think QA should own responsibility for gathering product requirements. But I do think that QA can aid by participating in much of the product development cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T12:23:35.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29406" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29427" CreationDate="2017-09-07T13:05:24.380" Score="0" ViewCount="1266" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How can I use Selenium locators to find and click the Termination menu item below?&lt;/strong&gt; It does not become visible until I've clicked through the parent menu items. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Page code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;/javalms/common/jscript/menu/menu_com.js&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link href=&quot;/javalms/common/css/megamenu.css&quot; type=&quot;text/css&quot; rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link href=&quot;/javalms/common/css/bootstrap-common.css&quot; type=&quot;text/css&quot; rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;  Menu1= new Array('Authorizers Desk','','',3,ItemHeight,ItemWidth);      &#xA;  Menu1_1= new Array('Loan Processing','','',8,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu6= new Array('Processes','','',2,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu1_2= new Array('Settlements','','',7,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu5= new Array('References','','',1,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu4_4= new Array('DownLoads','','',1,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu1_1_3= new Array('Documents','','',2,ItemHeight,ItemWidth);  &#xA;  Menu3_11= new Array('NPA and Provisioning','','',4,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu4= new Array('Ops&amp;amp;Control','','',13,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu4_1= new Array('Reports','','',13,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu4_13= new Array('Unapplied Credit Reports','','',2,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu1_1_7= new Array('NPA and Provisioning','','',1,ItemHeight,ItemWidth); &#xA;  Menu7=new Array('Help','javascript:openWindow()','',0,ItemHeight,37);&#xA;&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;/javalms/common/jscript/Validation.js&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; language=&quot;JavaScript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;/javalms/common/jscript/SHA256.js&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; language=&quot;JavaScript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;/javalms/common/jscript/MDLogin.js&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; language=&quot;JavaScript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;/javalms/common/jscript/AlertFileen.js&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; language=&quot;JavaScript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;link href=&quot;/javalms/common/css/LendingLTR.css&quot; type=&quot;text/css&quot; rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;hidTimerCtr&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;hidTimerCtr&quot; value=&quot;200&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;hidTimerVal&quot; type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;hidTimerVal&quot; value=&quot;1500&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;/javalms/common/jscript/LovValidation.js&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; language=&quot;JavaScript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script src=&quot;/javalms/common/jscript/ChangeBranch.js&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; language=&quot;JavaScript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;script language=&quot;javascript&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;style type=&quot;text/css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form action=&quot;/javalms/loginCheck.do&quot; name=&quot;LoginAF&quot; method=&quot;post&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;form action=&quot;/javalms/loginCheck.do&quot; name=&quot;LoginAF&quot; method=&quot;post&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;table width=&quot;100%&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div bgcolor=&quot;#3993BA&quot; orgleft=&quot;1&quot; orgtop=&quot;80&quot; style=&quot;Z-INDEX: 101; POSITION: absolute; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #3993ba; FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDTH: 1083px; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 28px; VISIBILITY: visible; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 80px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 1px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div orgleft=&quot;0&quot; orgtop=&quot;28&quot; style=&quot;Z-INDEX: 102; POSITION: absolute; FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDTH: 175px; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 82px; VISIBILITY: visible; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 108px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 1px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div orgleft=&quot;172.27&quot; orgtop=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;Z-INDEX: 103; POSITION: absolute; FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDTH: 175px; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 217px; VISIBILITY: visible; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 108px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 173px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div hifntclr=&quot;#ffffff&quot; hibck=&quot;#336699&quot; lwfntclr=&quot;#000000&quot; lobck=&quot;#E6E6E6&quot; value=&quot;Post Disbursal Edits&quot; ro=&quot;0&quot; hilite=&quot;0&quot; childcntnr=&quot;null&quot; linktxt=&quot;lms/loanprocessing/agreement/AgreementAC.do?mode=searchAgreement&amp;amp;makerchakerflag=C&amp;amp;activity=PDE&amp;amp;taskid=124&quot; level=&quot;3&quot; prvmbr=&quot;null&quot; style=&quot;POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e6e6e6; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 26px; VISIBILITY: inherit; COLOR: #000000; OVERFLOW: hidden; TOP: 1px; CURSOR: hand; PADDING-TOP: 6px; LEFT: 1px&quot;&amp;gt;Post Disbursal Edits&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div hifntclr=&quot;#ffffff&quot; hibck=&quot;#336699&quot; lwfntclr=&quot;#000000&quot; lobck=&quot;#E6E6E6&quot; value=&quot;Property Details&quot; ro=&quot;0&quot; hilite=&quot;0&quot; childcntnr=&quot;null&quot; linktxt=&quot;lms/loanprocessing/property/action/PropertyAC.do?makerchakerflag=C&amp;amp;taskid=127&quot; level=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e6e6e6; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 26px; VISIBILITY: inherit; COLOR: #000000; OVERFLOW: hidden; TOP: 28px; CURSOR: hand; PADDING-TOP: 6px; LEFT: 1px&quot;&amp;gt;Property Details&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div hifntclr=&quot;#ffffff&quot; hibck=&quot;#336699&quot; lwfntclr=&quot;#000000&quot; lobck=&quot;#E6E6E6&quot; value=&quot;Documents&quot; ro=&quot;0&quot; hilite=&quot;0&quot; linktxt=&quot;&quot; level=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e6e6e6; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 26px; VISIBILITY: inherit; COLOR: #000000; OVERFLOW: hidden; TOP: 55px; CURSOR: default; PADDING-TOP: 6px; LEFT: 1px&quot;&amp;gt;Documents&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div hifntclr=&quot;#ffffff&quot; hibck=&quot;#336699&quot; lwfntclr=&quot;#000000&quot; lobck=&quot;#E6E6E6&quot; value=&quot;Cancellation&quot; ro=&quot;0&quot; hilite=&quot;0&quot; childcntnr=&quot;null&quot; linktxt=&quot;lms/loanprocessing/loancancellation/loanCancellationQueryAC.do?mode=OPEN&amp;amp;amp;mc=C&amp;amp;amp;op=LOANCANCEL&amp;amp;taskid=125&quot; level=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e6e6e6; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 26px; VISIBILITY: inherit; COLOR: #000000; OVERFLOW: hidden; TOP: 82px; CURSOR: hand; PADDING-TOP: 6px; LEFT: 1px&quot;&amp;gt;Cancellation&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div hifntclr=&quot;#ffffff&quot; hibck=&quot;#336699&quot; lwfntclr=&quot;#000000&quot; lobck=&quot;#E6E6E6&quot; value=&quot;Rescheduling / Bulk Refund&quot; ro=&quot;0&quot; hilite=&quot;0&quot; childcntnr=&quot;null&quot; linktxt=&quot;lms/loanprocessing/agreement/AgreementAC.do?mode=searchAgreement&amp;amp;makerchakerflag=A&amp;amp;activity=RCHD&amp;amp;taskid=121&quot; level=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e6e6e6; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 26px; VISIBILITY: inherit; COLOR: #000000; OVERFLOW: hidden; TOP: 109px; CURSOR: hand; PADDING-TOP: 6px; LEFT: 1px&quot;&amp;gt;Rescheduling / Bulk Refund&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div hifntclr=&quot;#ffffff&quot; hibck=&quot;#336699&quot; lwfntclr=&quot;#000000&quot; lobck=&quot;#E6E6E6&quot; value=&quot;Termination&quot; ro=&quot;0&quot; hilite=&quot;0&quot; childcntnr=&quot;null&quot; linktxt=&quot;util/listViewQueryAC.do?mode=OPEN&amp;amp;amp;mc=C&amp;amp;amp;op=T&amp;amp;amp;ot=FD&amp;amp;taskid=122&quot; level=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e6e6e6; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 26px; VISIBILITY: inherit; COLOR: #000000; OVERFLOW: hidden; TOP: 136px; CURSOR: hand; PADDING-TOP: 6px; LEFT: 1px&quot;&amp;gt;Termination&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div hifntclr=&quot;#ffffff&quot; hibck=&quot;#336699&quot; lwfntclr=&quot;#000000&quot; lobck=&quot;#E6E6E6&quot; value=&quot;NPA and Provisioning&quot; ro=&quot;0&quot; hilite=&quot;0&quot; linktxt=&quot;&quot; level=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: left; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e6e6e6; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 26px; VISIBILITY: inherit; COLOR: #000000; 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FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 28px; VISIBILITY: hidden; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 0px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div orgleft=&quot;172.27&quot; orgtop=&quot;81&quot; style=&quot;Z-INDEX: 104; POSITION: absolute; FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDTH: 175px; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 82px; VISIBILITY: hidden; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 0px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div orgleft=&quot;172.27&quot; orgtop=&quot;81&quot; style=&quot;Z-INDEX: 103; POSITION: absolute; FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDTH: 175px; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 28px; VISIBILITY: hidden; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 0px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div orgleft=&quot;172.27&quot; orgtop=&quot;338&quot; style=&quot;Z-INDEX: 103; POSITION: absolute; FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDTH: 175px; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 55px; VISIBILITY: hidden; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 0px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div orgleft=&quot;696&quot; orgtop=&quot;28&quot; style=&quot;Z-INDEX: 102; POSITION: absolute; FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDTH: 175px; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 28px; VISIBILITY: hidden; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 0px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div orgleft=&quot;870&quot; orgtop=&quot;28&quot; style=&quot;Z-INDEX: 102; POSITION: absolute; FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDTH: 175px; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; HEIGHT: 55px; VISIBILITY: hidden; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; TOP: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; LEFT: 0px&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshot:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QfssA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QfssA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21182" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T13:42:01.500" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T11:58:27.000" Title="How to find dynamically loaded element using selenium webdriver FinnONe Automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29391" CreationDate="2017-09-07T14:22:30.503" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll take a risk and disagree with Joe ). As it seems to me in a well-built process QA should not participate in release delivery (as per your definition of this term) however this might depend on what your release looks like and what your QA looks like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not think a usual QA-man should be an expert in customer relations or release implementation. Participating in activities which are non-relevant to their skills might give them an extra headache and decrease productivity in their skill-relevant things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I vote for just a logging of release delivery phase what can further be analyzed by a project manager who can then communicate some QA-relevant moments to the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-09-07T14:22:30.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-07T19:07:03.957" Score="0" ViewCount="1899" Body="&lt;p&gt;Im unable to compare the list box options.&#xA;I created the list box with options as tea, coffee, milk and softdrinks.&#xA;I created a string array and stored these options in it. &#xA;When I tried to compare same with the values retrieved from the selenium code (using select class) every time I get '&lt;strong&gt;They are different&lt;/strong&gt;'. Can any one please let me know what is the wrong I'm doing in the code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package madhu;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.ArrayList;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class ComparingListValues {&#xA;&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;./driver/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    String [] options = {&quot;Tea&quot;,&quot;Coffee&quot;,&quot;Milk&quot;,&quot;SoftDrinks&quot;};&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;file:///C:/Users/mdevaraju/Desktop/Selenium%20HTML%20Pages/Listbox.html&quot;);&#xA;    WebElement listbox = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;s2&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    Select select = new Select (listbox);&#xA;     List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allOptions = select.getOptions();&#xA;&#xA;    for (int i=0; i&amp;lt;allOptions.size(); i++) &#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement address = allOptions.get(i);&#xA;         String text = address.getText();&#xA;         ArrayList &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; soptions = new ArrayList &amp;lt;String&amp;gt;();&#xA;         soptions.add(text);&#xA;         System.out.println(text);&#xA;            if (soptions.equals(options))&#xA;            {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Both values are same&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;They are different&quot;);&#xA;            }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tea &#xA;They are different&#xA;Coffee &#xA;They are different&#xA;Milk &#xA;They are different&#xA;SoftDrinks &#xA;They are different&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27845" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T19:40:46.863" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T11:10:30.373" Title="Comparing the options of list box in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29411" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29419" CreationDate="2017-09-07T21:22:35.953" Score="8" ViewCount="7459" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently stumbled upon a modern end-to-end testing framework called &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cypress.io/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cypress&lt;/a&gt; which is going to be released in public beta this year. It really looks awesome at the first glance - there are interesting built-in features, like mocking network requests from out-of-the-box, explicitly waiting for specific AJAX requests, straight-forward way to make API calls directly via Cypress, built-in dashboard and many others (okay, I'm already bought).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, what is interested, &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.cypress.io/faq/questions/general-questions-faq.html#Does-Cypress-use-Selenium-Webdriver&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cypress is not built on top of Selenium&lt;/a&gt;, which has many advantages, but also has a potentially important drawback at the moment - it looks like there is no way to run Cypress tests in IE, Safari or Firefox. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We, on the other hand, have a huge test codebase for an Angular application built on top of Protractor. Is Cypress the right tool for testing AngularJS applications? What are the potential issues related to Cypress not being built on top of WebDriver? What other things should we consider when deciding to switch to &lt;code&gt;Cypress&lt;/code&gt; or not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-07T21:30:47.863" LastActivityDate="2021-01-25T15:23:58.663" Title="Cypress vs Protractor for end-to-end testing" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;cypress&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29412" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29429" CreationDate="2017-09-08T00:17:19.990" Score="4" ViewCount="169" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our test codebase is relatively huge - more than 1300 tests with about 23000 lines of JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've been thinking towards &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/28105/5574&quot;&gt;migrating to a TypeScript&lt;/a&gt; and/or potentially to a different testing platform (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/29411/5574&quot;&gt;like Cypress&lt;/a&gt;), which would involve major refactoring of the whole test codebase. But, I can already imagine difficulties proving the need to management and trying to come up with answers to &quot;our tests are working and helpful, why change things and invest time/money?&quot; question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the general tactical moves and supporting arguments to make the management accept such a proposal? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(I would like to keep the question on a high-level having specified migration to typescript or cypress as base examples only)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T11:47:16.140" LastActivityDate="2018-04-23T23:11:49.757" Title="How to make management to accept major refactoring of the test codebase?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7911" CreationDate="2017-09-08T05:53:56.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me share a crude but fool-proof way to find this:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;On Terminal, type &lt;code&gt;find /Applications -name *Firefox*&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will give you all paths to any file with firefox in the name. You should see these two lines in the output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox&#xA;/Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively from the UI :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Go to Finder, under locate Firefox Applications&#xA;  Right click and Open Package Contents. You will see MacOS folder. &#xA;  Drill down each subfolders. You will find that the executables you will see will be under MacOS, named firefox and firefox-bin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this also helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27852" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-04-24T06:32:37.193" LastActivityDate="2020-04-24T06:32:37.193" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29415" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24475" CreationDate="2017-09-08T08:06:36.680" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well might be too late but you might find some use later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'_driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;_driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27858" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T08:40:47.177" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T08:40:47.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29412" CreationDate="2017-09-08T08:49:23.853" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer would be the same as for any other project and change- if you can't justify the change for yourself why would you expect others to approve ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So start collecting facts and statistics, for example- &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many bugs were found in your test code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long did it take to fix those&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you find the root cause of those bugs and link it to code complexity ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long, if at all, it takes others to add tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some numbers about code complexity, even simple ones like number of layers between X and Y&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there scalability, performance or other -ility problem that you can directly link to your code complexity ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TLDR; use facts, not vague ideas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T08:49:23.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8564" CreationDate="2017-09-08T09:11:56.993" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following things worked for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;I found some blank cases in my XML, remove any blank rows if present in xls template, after each case only 1 row is allowed. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Choose correct level for addition &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Suite &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sub-suite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cases--&gt;For addition of bulk test case choose 2. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27861" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T10:00:55.330" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:00:55.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29418" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-08T09:54:22.943" Score="2" ViewCount="4784" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/api.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebdriverIO&lt;/a&gt; and I want to scroll to an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But no matter if I'm using &lt;code&gt;element.scroll()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;browser.scroll(0,yLocation)&lt;/code&gt; it will always scroll to the top of the page.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible there is a problem if the page itself has some auto-scrolling?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answer to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/18796/unable-to-scroll-down-to-bottom-of-div-with-data-loading-dynamically/18802#18802&quot;&gt;this question&lt;/a&gt; helps for one of my elements which is at the bottom of the page, but I haven't been able to find a way to scroll to the element in the middle of the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27863" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T11:46:40.063" LastActivityDate="2020-04-30T16:38:05.790" Title="WebdriverIO browser.scroll() always scrolls to the top?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;nodejs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29411" CreationDate="2017-09-08T10:06:27.107" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Open source&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cypress.IO looks promising, but I have been holding off with starting to use it on a production project. My main reason that it is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/company/9293724/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;commercial company&lt;/a&gt; and I cannot be sure they keep their open-source promise. I think development tools should be open-source. I don't want to invest my time and our company's resources if I am not sure I can re-use it for a future project or company due to budgeting restrictions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main question is are they going full open-source or do they have a premium model on features. It could be that their business model will be extra services like cloud parallel test running, but current their business models are unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cypress.io/blog/2017/05/04/cypress-is-going-open-source/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;keep saying they will open-source&lt;/a&gt; it, but we keep waiting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cross browser support&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Support for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cypress-io/cypress/issues/310&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;cross browser support&lt;/a&gt; is on their feature list. Worst case they build a wrapper around WebDriver. Still I wonder how important automated cross-browser testing is now-a-days. I would expect frameworks to take care of that, I haven't run into a lot of cross-browser issues lately. But then I am not supporting older IE and or mobile-apps at the moment. If you support only the modern latest browser then maybe just testing on Chrome could be sufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Page Objects&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another worry I have how to structure the code for maintainability. For a new testing framework I would expect to have that build-in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Can I use the Page Object pattern?&lt;/strong&gt;  As far as page objects are&#xA;  concerned, you should be able to use regular JavaScript functions and&#xA;  aliasing with &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.cypress.io/api/commands/as.html#Syntax&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;.as()&lt;/a&gt; to essentially recreate what page objects give&#xA;  you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.cypress.io/faq/questions/using-cypress-faq.html#Can-I-use-the-Page-Object-pattern&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.cypress.io/faq/questions/using-cypress-faq.html#Can-I-use-the-Page-Object-pattern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cypress hasn't. The &lt;code&gt;.as()&lt;/code&gt; structure looks interesting, but I think in the end I would build my own wrappers around cypress which feels like it beats the purpose. Also I wonder if it would work with their visual test runner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Usages&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some consulting companies are using it and showing it off. Here is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://pages.xebia.com/meetup-next-generation-integration-testing-with-cypress&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;recent meetup&lt;/a&gt; in the Netherlands. They have been pushing it in their communication for atleast a year now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would keep waiting until it is released or take the risk of vendor-lockin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:06:27.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29391" CreationDate="2017-09-08T10:17:13.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software quality has a broad scope. Just like Joe says I believe QA should be involved in all aspects of software development. Each person/company just has to find out how much effort and which is appropriate for their situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is a good policy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably not. As an SQA person that has a lot of dual roles in the past I have learned that a lack of focus hurst both roles. Also it hard to decide where your priorities should lay. In your case what is more important delivery or preventing defects. This switches all the time. Someone with a dual-role needs to continuously look critical at their workload and evaluate if they are taking the right actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can it be done, surely. If you're at a small company it is common that people have a lot of dual-roles. Making stuff happen is important skill as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How must to be the relation between the SQA team and the customer?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the team sees it fit. There is not a single best practise you should follow. Experiment, retrospect and adapt. Find a cycle where you keep questioning if this situation is still optimal and improve in small steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:17:13.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29392" CreationDate="2017-09-08T10:29:24.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you have to pass it the HTML spec or also it does not understand the format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-N n=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also see this question for some examples:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22021494/how-to-xmlstarlet-to-extract-html-data-by-id&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22021494/how-to-xmlstarlet-to-extract-html-data-by-id&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T10:29:24.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29422" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29428" CreationDate="2017-09-08T10:34:19.527" Score="3" ViewCount="713" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am preparing for testing certification and come across the strange question for which I don't have any clue what will be the answer. If anyone give some details it will be helpful .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question :&lt;/strong&gt; A project had got poor customer satisfaction survey (CSS) rating 3 consecutive times and asked to come reason for this , the project manager decided to do root cause analysis. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which of the following techniques could he apply here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;force field analysis &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regression analysis &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;fishbone analysis &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;power or interest grid&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27797" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T11:42:14.757" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:47:31.053" Title="What techniques are a root cause analysis?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29423" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-08T10:56:27.487" Score="2" ViewCount="514" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a GWT + SMARTGWT application and I'm trying to locate the elements of this web application using Selenium Webdriver. The method which I have used to locate the elements is by the relative XPath of those elements but the problem which I am currently facing is that this method is working correctly on the browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Edge but not on the IE browser. The version of IE on my PC is 11.1593.14393.0. The IE browser is not able to find the element. I am also getting the following exception sometimes for other elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.InvalidSelectorException: Unable to locate an element with the xpath expression //img[contains(@src,'Insert XXX')] because of the following error: Error: Bad token: ]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried the following methods for troubleshooting this issue but none of them worked out for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enabling and disabling the enhanced protected mode for all the levels&#xA;in IE browser.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adding the URL of my webpage to the trusted capabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using the DesiredCapabilities method as suggested on the&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;AutomatedTesting page of the SmartGWT.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Setting a registry entry for IE browser in the PC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using JavaScriptExecutor to locate the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using the 32 bit IE driver instead of 64 bit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sadly, the IE browser is able to locate the elements on all the web pages except that belonging to my web application. Another problem which is troubling me is that none of the browsers is able to locate the SMARTGWT element when I tried to find the element by ID. Also, the absolute XPath is working on every browser and that's why I went for the relative XPath method. What should I do to fix my issue? I want my code to run perfectly on all the browsers, but testing on this SmartGWT application has made my life hell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27538" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:55:59.927" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:55:59.927" Title="Unable to locate the elements of SmartGWT application using Selenium in IE browser" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29424" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-08T11:01:10.600" Score="1" ViewCount="6372" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have below configurations :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Javaclient : java-client-5.0.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium : 3.0.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java : 144&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium v1.4.16&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.metatag.poc;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;&#xA;import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.net.MalformedURLException;&#xA;import java.net.URL;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.CapabilityType;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;&#xA;import org.apache.bcel.generic.Select;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class DesignLayout {&#xA;&#xA;    //private static AndroidDriver driver;&#xA;    static AndroidDriver&amp;lt;MobileElement&amp;gt; driver;&#xA;    static WebElement ele;&#xA;    &#xA;    &#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, InterruptedException, WebDriverException {&#xA;&#xA;        File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty(&amp;quot;user.dir&amp;quot;));&#xA;        File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, &amp;quot;/Apps/&amp;quot;);&#xA;        File app = new File(appDir, &amp;quot;MetaTag_V0.0.13_preview.apk&amp;quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, &amp;quot;&amp;quot;);&#xA;//set capabilities          &#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;deviceName&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;3G7&amp;quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;platformVersion&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;4.4.1&amp;quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;platformName&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Android&amp;quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;app&amp;quot;, app.getAbsolutePath());&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;appPackage&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;com.markspryor.markingmachine&amp;quot;);&#xA;        capabilities.setCapability(&amp;quot;appActivity&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;in.opencombine.instrument.ui.HomeActivity&amp;quot;);&#xA;        driver = new AndroidDriver&amp;lt;MobileElement&amp;gt;(new URL(&amp;quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&amp;quot;), capabilities);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&amp;quot;btnStartApp&amp;quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I run, Application gets install on real device and it shows following error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Sep 08, 2017 4:09:51 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Attempting bi-dialect session, assuming Postel's Law holds true on the remote end&#xA;Sep 08, 2017 4:10:04 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession&#xA;INFO: Detected dialect: OSS&#xA;Exception in thread &amp;quot;main&amp;quot; org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Returned value cannot be converted to WebElement: {ELEMENT=1}&#xA;Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: '1969d75', time: '2016-10-18 09:43:45 -0700'&#xA;System info: host: 'DTP315', ip: '10.219.1.17', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_144'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: AndroidDriver&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:375)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.findElement(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:62)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.findElement(AppiumDriver.java:1)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver.findElement(AndroidDriver.java:1)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementById(RemoteWebDriver.java:417)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.findElementById(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:70)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.findElementById(AppiumDriver.java:1)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver.findElementById(AndroidDriver.java:1)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.By$ById.findElement(By.java:218)&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:360)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.findElement(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:58)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.findElement(AppiumDriver.java:1)&#xA;at io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver.findElement(AndroidDriver.java:1)&#xA;at com.metatag.poc.DesignLayout.main(DesignLayout.java:46)&#xA;Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: java.util.HashMap cannot be cast to org.openqa.selenium.WebElement&#xA;at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:373)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13033" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2020-09-22T07:25:55.543" Title="Showing error - &quot;Returned value cannot be converted to WebElement: {ELEMENT=1} &quot; in appium using java" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29410" CreationDate="2017-09-08T11:10:30.373" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can compare the Listbox values with expected values by using following code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestAbc {&#xA;&#xA;      public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        String [] options = {&quot;Taea&quot;,&quot;Coffee&quot;,&quot;Milk&quot;,&quot;SoftDrinks&quot;};&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;         driver.get(&quot;file:///C:/Users/mdevaraju/Desktop/Selenium%20HTML%20Pages/Listbox.html&quot;);&#xA;         WebElement listbox = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;s2&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        Select select = new Select (listbox);&#xA;&#xA;        List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; allOptions = select.getOptions();&#xA;&#xA;        for(int i=0 ;i&amp;lt;allOptions.size();i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            if(allOptions.get(i).getText().equals(options[i]))&#xA;            {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Values Matching : &quot;+&quot; List Value = &quot;+allOptions.get(i).getText()+&quot; And Expected Value = &quot;+options[i]);&#xA;            }&#xA;            else&#xA;            {&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Value Mismatch : &quot;+&quot; List Value = &quot;+allOptions.get(i).getText()+&quot; And Expected Value = &quot;+options[i]);&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;      }&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You only need to store all your Expected values in an array of String as you are doing. Then get all option from Listbox. Loop through all options and get one by one and compare with your expected values as mentioned in code. No need to use &lt;code&gt;ArrayList&lt;/code&gt; and all those things to make code more complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T11:10:30.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29426" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29449" CreationDate="2017-09-08T11:14:56.780" Score="2" ViewCount="1430" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the following problem. Even with rampup and think time, some requests are still sent at the exact same time. Let's look the example below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Number of threads: 2&#xA;Rampup: 60 sec&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thread Group&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Transaction Controller&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Action 1 (Transaction controller)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 4&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 5&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think Time (between 5 and 10 seconds)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Action 2 (Transaction controller)&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 6&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 7&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 8&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 9&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sampler 10&#xA;...and so on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is that somehow thread 2 catches thread 1 and for example Sampler 7 is sent for both threads at the exact same time. I don't know why this happens, but when the sampler is a POST request, the server handles only the first received request and the second one fails with 500 error message. I can add a random timer to Sampler 7, but I don't like this solution. Here, I've shown you an example with only 10 samplers, but in the real scenario I have more than 700 Samplers and I don't want to add an additional think time to all post request. I thought that the rampup period and the think time will do the job and not let a sampler to be sent to both users at the same time, but it does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27864" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T11:29:57.153" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T04:07:47.993" Title="JMeter: Not enought delay between HTTP samplers" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29427" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29406" CreationDate="2017-09-08T11:58:27.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The scenario to deal with this kind of element is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Menu element, submenu get visible now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on submenu now&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So tho handle this you have to use &lt;code&gt;Actions&lt;/code&gt; class. Use below example to handle the same :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement menu = driver.findElement(By.your_locatorForMenuElement);&#xA;WebElement submenu = driver.findElement(By.your_locatorForMenuElement);&#xA;&#xA;Actions action = new Actions(driver);&#xA;action.moveToElement(menu).clickAndHold(submenu).click().build().perform(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you have any trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T11:58:27.000" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29428" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29422" CreationDate="2017-09-08T11:58:50.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answers is 3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/cause-analysis-tools/overview/fishbone.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fishbone&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is one of the most common root cause analysis methods. The other one is the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Whys&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;5-why's&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Regression analysis&lt;/a&gt;: is a set of statistical processes for estimating the relationships among variables. In some cases the root-cause might be clear from data, but most often not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force-field_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Force Field Analysis&lt;/a&gt;: This is a decision-making method. I am not 100% sure, I think you could try to use it as a root-cause analyses method, but not as a very obvious one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stakeholder_analysis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Power/Interest Grid&lt;/a&gt;: This is a stakeholder prioritization method, and has nothing todo with root-causes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.weahsn.net/what-we-do/west-of-england-academy/improvement-resources-and-tools/the-improvement-journey/steps-in-the-improvement-journey/define-the-problem/root-cause-analysis/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article about RCA and Force Field Analysis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T08:47:31.053" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:47:31.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29429" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29412" CreationDate="2017-09-08T12:38:24.833" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to Rsf's excellent answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't &quot;make&quot; management accept anything. You may be able to convince management that migrating your test codebase is a good idea. If you can demonstrate that a migration stands to improve ROI by enabling any of the following advantages you stand a better chance of management approving the change:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The proposed new framework would allow new tests to be added more quickly than the current framework.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The proposed new framework would have fewer flaky tests (this can be very difficult to demonstrate).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The proposed new framework can better manage large numbers of tests (i.e. it is more scaleable).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The proposed new framework is easier for test automation specialists to learn to work with.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The proposed new framework allows an easy way for non-automators to add new tests (If you are data driving your tests, this is a feasible argument to use).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The proposed new framework allows for better integration between the test automation team and the development team (that is, it will be easier for developers to assist with automation and/or use the framework for unit or integration tests).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The proposed new framework has better support than the current framework.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are going to have to make this a business proposal, using automator time requirements for maintenance and failure inspection as your proxy for the cost of running the current automation solution. If you can demonstrate that your proposed solution will reduce the amount of time needed by test automators to add new functionality, maintain the existing functionality, and analyze test failures, then &lt;em&gt;if&lt;/em&gt; that time saving is enough that the test automation team would &quot;earn back&quot; the time to implement the proposed framework within a reasonable period, the business may decide it's worth doing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just to illustrate (numbers are pulled from nowhere: this is not a realistic scenario):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say your current automation team needs, on average:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;12 hours per week analyzing test results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;12 hours per week maintaining the current codebase (making changes to account for changes made to the AUT)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;30 hours per week adding new functionality (i.e. new tests for new features)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's a total of 54 hours per week dedicated to keeping the current test framework running and up to date. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's going to take 400 hours to convert the existing framework, and after that maintenance will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;5 hours per week to analyze results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;3 hours per week to update to handle code changes in the AUT&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;30 hours per week to add new tests for new AUT features &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will have a total time of 38 hours per week to keep the test framework current - 16 fewer hours than the old framework needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means that you will &quot;earn back&quot; the 400 hours conversion time in 25 weeks - just on 6 months. That's an attractive proposal for a business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously the numbers aren't that simple, and your projections will be largely guesswork, but being able to give this kind of information in a proposal gives you a much stronger case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T12:38:24.833" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29430" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29412" CreationDate="2017-09-08T12:55:48.303" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In his &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/episode/clean-code-episode-9/show&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOLID course UncleBob says&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The primary value of software is that &lt;strong&gt;it’s soft&lt;/strong&gt;. The ability of software to tolerate and&#xA;  facilitate such ongoing change is the primary value of software. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The secondary value of software is its behavior. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most people think the secondary value is the most important though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I fully agree with UncleBob here. The main job of a developer or test-automation-engineer is to be able to maintain and extend an existing codebase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefor refactoring is part of the discipline of software engineer. You continuously refactor your code, so that you do not have to do major refactorings. Every Time you need to change your code you first restructure it to facilitate the new change in such a way you do not have to change it again in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you have to go to management and &lt;strong&gt;tell them you didn't do your job (in retrospect)&lt;/strong&gt; and made a mess out of it. If you don't clean up you will go slower and slower in the future. I would watch the &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/episode/clean-code-episode-1/show&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;first free episode of CleanCoders&lt;/a&gt; together and discuss the options. I think he clearly shows examples of the problems if you do not refactor and clean your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See if you can clean up in small steps. For example every time you touch something. A major refactoring starts sounding like a re-write...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-08T13:29:09.953" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T13:29:09.953" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29431" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-08T16:16:16.913" Score="1" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing some coded UI automation, and I've noticed something odd when debugging. When I try and set the text on a WpfEdit control &lt;code&gt;Control.Text = &quot;foo&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, the system throws a gigantic pile of exceptions, most of which, but not all, or system.notsupportedexceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It feels like this is probably bad, but since eventually the text gets set, so apparently all the exceptions are caught by the text setter; Perhaps the DLL is using exceptions for flow control internally or something like that. Is this just normal of Coded UI tests, or is there something I might be doing wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this isn't helpful to me, maybe it is to someone? This is what gets spat out into the output while stepping over that particular step in the debugger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception thrown: 'System.NotImplementedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.ArgumentException' in UiaComWrapper.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.Windows.Automation.ElementNotAvailableException' in UiaComWrapper.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotImplementedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.CrossBrowser.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotImplementedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.CrossBrowser.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception' in System.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.Exception' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.WindowsStoreUtility.dll&#xA;'vstest.executionengine.x86.exe' (CLR v4.0.30319: UnitTestAdapter: Running test): Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.Net\assembly\GAC_32\CustomMarshalers\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\CustomMarshalers.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.Uia.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.Uia.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.Uia.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.Uia.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.Uia.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.Uia.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.Uia.dll&#xA;Exception thrown: 'System.NotSupportedException' in Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UITest.Extension.Uia.dll&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12795" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:55:23.773" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:55:23.773" Title="Setting text on WpfEdit control throws pile of exceptions that are then caught -- Is this typical?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;coded-ui-tests&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29432" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29322" CreationDate="2017-09-08T17:49:00.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ultimately it is what you feel like at the end of the day, and if you can sleep at night.  I have worked with many people that tested medical (Class 1 thru III), and weapons systems.  It depends on how well you can manage your sense of responsibility. Remember, QA is only one part of the TEAM and missing something legitimately that was not thought of is not YOUR responsibility, at least alone.  There are PhDs and doctors all along the way that are supposed to be doing their jobs too.  You are expected to run the testing flawlessly, maintain integrity, and ask questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25638" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T17:49:00.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29426" CreationDate="2017-09-08T23:40:03.323" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;(I can't add clarifying comments)&#xA;As I have no idea what you exactly try to accomplish, I can only assume here.&#xA;Jmeter would start a thread after 30s and the next after the next 30s and they start to run &lt;em&gt;as fast as the machine is able to&lt;/em&gt;. It seems that the samplers execution time (request+response) is not similar for the subsequent calls and your threads start to run 'in sync' at some point.&#xA;I am not sure why this is a problem: the 500 is an indicator something goes wrong on your server - the site you are testing I would think. Look in to that first.&#xA;Assuming these are 'user actions' you are testing, this could actually happen in real life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using the interleave controller could help you to add a (small random) timer valid for every sampler without the need of adding one for every sampler. Thus adding a bit more randomness in the mix. But it will not guarantee that this same issue will not pop-up with any of the other 700 samplers you have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-09-08T23:40:03.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29296" CreationDate="2017-09-09T00:09:30.797" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is much information to be found about these problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are tools to generate combinations based on possible inputs, they try to help you to limit the total number but keep a representative 'coverage'.&#xA;See here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pairwise.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.pairwise.org/&lt;/a&gt; for more information. I have used &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Microsoft/pict&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PICT&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hexawise.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hexawise&lt;/a&gt; in the past to generate combinational choices for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to dive deeper into this field, &lt;a href=&quot;https://kaner.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cem Kaner&lt;/a&gt; has published a book about it: &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0989811905&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Domain Testing Workbook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whether it is &quot;enough&quot; is always a choice :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;edit: updated links&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastEditorUserId="14324" LastEditDate="2017-12-03T21:39:27.313" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T21:39:27.313" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-09T06:05:59.767" Score="1" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to multiply the below response by 100, then compare it with the request. How do I multiply using Groovy? This is for SoapUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def response = context.expand( '${abcd#Response#$[16][\'XXXXXXX\']}' )&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27876" LastEditorUserId="27878" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T14:48:30.847" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T07:25:35.427" Title="Multiply in Groovy SoapUI" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;groovy&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-10-11T12:56:22.817" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29436" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-09T14:51:24.650" Score="1" ViewCount="39" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is a scenario I am trying to automate. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to log in into my application as admin, and admin will register two activities for employee and Employee will log in into his profile and will complete two activity which has created by admin and then employee will logout. How can we perform this kind of a test using JMeter? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27879" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T15:29:22.650" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T04:08:50.913" Title="Multiple logins with JMeter: an admin and an employee" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29437" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-09T15:11:27.497" Score="1" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any code that can be used to test the speed of running some code. From my research (&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/25352/performance-tool-capable-of-testing-code-for-speed&quot;&gt;Performance Tool capable of testing code for speed&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/8036/lightweight-load-performance-testing-frameworks&quot;&gt;Lightweight load &amp;amp; performance testing frameworks&lt;/a&gt;), it appears that people simply use tools to do this (JMeter, HPLoadRunner). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I am looking to see if there is a piece of code that can be embedded in the script to monitor the speed of executing the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-09T15:28:04.687" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T00:45:50.717" Title="Code For Testing Speed Of Code Execution (Load/Performance Test Of Code)" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29437" CreationDate="2017-09-09T16:32:31.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;For more detailed performance of code I would look into &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiling_(computer_programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;profilers&lt;/a&gt;. That way you can analyse which parts of the code took long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Load-testing tools gives you a benchmark from the outside. It can help you with comparing speed of versions against each other, but not analyse code problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try a services like NewRelic which gives &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.newrelic.com/docs/apm/transactions/transaction-traces/transaction-trace-details&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;transactional insights&lt;/a&gt;. It follows all the method calls of the application and reports how long they took, just like profiler, but now embedded into the test or production environment. Run a load test against the environment and analyse the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T16:32:31.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29437" CreationDate="2017-09-09T23:31:12.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your application has a CLI under Unix, you can use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;time yourapplication arg1 arg2&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-09-09T23:31:12.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29441" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29671" CreationDate="2017-09-10T02:22:51.497" Score="5" ViewCount="2078" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently creating automated test cases for a WPF application using Microsoft UIAutomation (UIA) framework. I'm able to locate objects/elements using AutomationElement class but sometimes application take more time to load and this fails my test cases, because test cases are trying to click an object which is not yet visible on the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I thought of implementing implicit wait in my test cases (don't want to use Thread.Sleep) where my test cases will first wait for the object to appear and then perform action. But unfortunately I'm not able to find any way of implementing implicit wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I implement Implicit Wait in my test cases using UIA?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12541" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T07:48:26.887" Title="How to implement wait using UI Automation" Tags="&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16537" CreationDate="2017-09-10T07:47:09.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you want to automate tests for web and desktop applications you could use CodedUI tests. &#xA;The tests can be made in Microsoft Test Manager. &#xA;The CodedUI tests can then optionally be made more generic, so it is better maintainable and extendable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27885" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T07:47:09.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-10T10:08:39.277" Score="-2" ViewCount="912" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;General.Java:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.hrms.lib;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA;&#xA;public class General extends Global&#xA;{&#xA;//Open Application&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void openApplication()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.navigate().to(url);&#xA;    }&#xA;//Login&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void login() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.name(txt_loginname)).sendKeys(un);&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.name(txt_password)).sendKeys(pwd);&#xA;     driver.findElement(By.name(btn_login)).click();&#xA;     Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void mouseover() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;        elm=driver.findElement(By.linkText(NavigatePim));&#xA;        act=new Actions(driver);&#xA;        act.moveToElement(elm).build().perform();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void mouseoverClick()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(Add_Emp)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;//Enter Values in Textbox&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void save()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(txt_FName)).sendKeys(FName);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.name(txt_LName)).sendKeys(LName);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.linkText(btn_Save)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;//Logout&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void logout()&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.linkText(link_logout)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;//Close Application&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void closeApplication()&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Global.Java:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; package com.hrms.lib;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA; import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;&#xA; public class Global &#xA;{&#xA;    //Variables&#xA;    public WebDriver driver;&#xA;    public String url=&quot;http://opensource.demo.orangehrmlive.com/&quot;;&#xA;    public String un=&quot;admin&quot;;&#xA;    public String pwd=&quot;admin&quot;;&#xA;    public WebElement elm;&#xA;    public Actions act;&#xA;    public String FName=&quot;abc&quot;;&#xA;    public String LName=&quot;efg&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;    //Objects&#xA;    public String txt_loginname=&quot;txtUsername&quot;;&#xA;    public String txt_password=&quot;txtPassword&quot;;&#xA;    public String btn_login=&quot;Submit&quot;;&#xA;    public String link_logout=&quot;Logout&quot;;&#xA;    public String NavigatePim=&quot;PIM&quot;;&#xA;    public String Add_Emp=&quot;Add Employee&quot;;&#xA;    public String txt_FName=&quot;firstName&quot;;&#xA;    public String txt_LName=&quot;lastName&quot;;&#xA;    public String btn_Save=&quot;Save&quot;;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TC_101:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.hrms.TestScripts;&#xA;import com.hrms.lib.*;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class TC_Login_Logout &#xA;{&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void tc() throws Exception&#xA;    {&#xA;   System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\Madhu\\Downloads\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;       General Gl=new General();&#xA;       Gl.openApplication();&#xA;       Gl.login();&#xA;       Gl.mouseover();&#xA;       Gl.mouseoverClick();&#xA;       Gl.save();&#xA;       Gl.logout();&#xA;       Gl.closeApplication();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am getting Null pointer exception error while executing this test case. Could anyone explain why I am getting this error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27888" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-10T14:58:44.080" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T16:36:49.363" Title="How to resolve Nullpointer exception" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-09-26T00:52:03.603" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29444" CreationDate="2017-09-10T10:54:24.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think The following code that you have mentioned in the TC_101 should be placed in the General Class in the openApplication() method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Users\\Madhu\\Downloads\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T10:54:24.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29200" CreationDate="2017-09-10T18:27:24.100" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;The string parentWindowHandler is not assigned a value. &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;So the line &lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().window(parentWindowHandler);&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;will not work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27885" LastActivityDate="2017-09-10T18:27:24.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29165" CreationDate="2017-09-10T18:42:21.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the Mac the .windowsMaximize() is interpreted as a plus button click. This represents a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Size to best fit&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; command. It is not like a Maximize on a Windows OS. It will only maximize vertically.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;A workaround is to start Chrome with the start-fullscreen command:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;start-fullscreen&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27885" LastEditorUserId="27885" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T18:22:13.860" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T18:22:13.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29426" CreationDate="2017-09-11T04:07:47.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your requirement is not to have 2 (or more) threads executing a sampler at the same time the solution is to put the sampler under the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Critical_Section_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Critical Section Controller&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The feature is available since &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-releases-version-212-new-features-product-enhancements-bug-fixes-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter version 2.12&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Critical Section Controller&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This allows you to run the execution of a specific section in your tree in a logical series. Only one instance of the section will be executed at any given time during the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T04:07:47.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29436" CreationDate="2017-09-11T04:08:50.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe you can achieve this form of synchronisation using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/InterThreadCommunication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inter-Thread Communication&lt;/a&gt; plugin. This way you will be able to block the &lt;code&gt;employee&lt;/code&gt; thread until the activities will be created so the employee could complete them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/img/examples/SynchronizationPluginsExample.jmx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SynchronisationPluginsExample.jmx&lt;/a&gt; Test Plan for reference on how to make one thread to wait for another thread completion. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can install Inter-Thread Communication Plugin using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j6TGr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/j6TGr.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Plugins Manager Inter Thread Communication&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T04:08:50.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29214" CreationDate="2017-09-11T07:07:28.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first solution to this problem is implementing the re-execution logic. Many software testing companies are using the same to avoid the flaky connection failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further there are two ways of implementing re-execution logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-execute the script as soon as it fails.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-execute the failed scripts after the complete suite execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is one more way to avoid the fake failures due to network connection.&#xA;In this way if an element is not found once, then we can again check for the visibility of the same element by keeping the element in loop and validating it for 3 to 4 times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T18:45:25.203" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T18:45:25.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29452" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29453" CreationDate="2017-09-11T08:43:07.660" Score="0" ViewCount="631" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did anyone working on load testing on activemq?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Activemq(client) installed in different machines and request (Jms-text file encrypted) will be send to server using tcp protocol and activemq(server side) will receive request and response will be delivered to respective client.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: I would like to do load test on server side when 100 clients send requests to server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27673" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:59:18.667" Title="Load testing on activemq server" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29452" CreationDate="2017-09-11T08:59:18.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You basically need a JMS client capable of sending messages to ActiveMQ using multiple threads. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several tools available on the market which you can use in order to conduct the load on the JMS endpoints, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/docs/current/jms/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Grinder&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://grinder.sourceforge.net/g3/script-gallery.html#jmssender.py&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java Message Service - Queue Sender&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-jms-topic-test-plan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Building a JMS Topic Test Plan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; guide which highlights the main features of the aforementioned tools, contains sample test scripts, reports and comparison matrix. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T08:59:18.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29454" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29463" CreationDate="2017-09-11T09:10:36.727" Score="5" ViewCount="1646" Body="&lt;p&gt;We had a discussion between several automation engineers on page object design, specifically about how many layers it should have and what are the responsibilities of the layers. I hope you guys could provide some insight about which way you prefer and why. Below you can find some examples we discussed in simplified Pseudo Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which should I use in which circumstances, and why?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Case1:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most popular case, based on examples found via Google/SQA exchange. Screen class has two responsibilities:  element location &amp;amp; functional logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;login_screen.xyz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginScreen(BaseScreen):&#xA;&#xA;  username_input = find_element(By.ID, 'username')&#xA;  password_input = find_element(By.ID, 'password')&#xA;  submit_button = find_element(By.ID, 'submit')&#xA;&#xA;  def login(self, credentials):&#xA;    username_input.send_keys(credentials.username)&#xA;    password_input.send_keys(credentials.password)&#xA;    submit_button.click&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;test_login.xyz&lt;/strong&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  def test_login:&#xA;    credentials = { 'username': 'asdf', 'password': 'asdf'}&#xA;    login_screen = LoginScreen(self.driver)&#xA;    login_screen.login(credentials)&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Case2:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screen class has only one responsibility: element location. Interactions with elements are performed directly from the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;login_screen.xyz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginScreen(BaseScreen):&#xA;&#xA;  def login_input(self):&#xA;    self.find_element(By.ID, 'username')&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def password_input(self):&#xA;    self.find_element(By.ID, 'password')&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def submit_button(self):&#xA;    self.find_element(By.ID, 'submit')&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;test_login.xyz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  def test_login:&#xA;    login_screen = LoginScreen(self.driver)&#xA;    login_screen.login_input.send_keys('asdf')&#xA;    login_screen.password_input.send_keys('asdf')&#xA;    login_screen.submit_button.click&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Case3:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 layer structure where we have element definitions, interactions with elements and tests that work only with interactions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;login_screen.xyz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginScreen(BaseScreen):&#xA;&#xA;  def login_input(self):&#xA;    self.find_element(By.ID, 'username')&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def password_input(self):&#xA;    self.find_element(By.ID, 'password')&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def submit_button(self):&#xA;    self.find_element(By.ID, 'submit')&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;login_steps.xyz&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginSteps(LoginScreen):&#xA;&#xA;  def fill_username(self, username):&#xA;    self.login_input.send_keys(text)&#xA;  end&#xA;&#xA;  def fill_password(self, password)&#xA;    self.password_input.send_keys(password)&#xA;  end &#xA;&#xA;  def click_submit(self)&#xA;    self.submit_button.click&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;test_login.xyz&lt;/strong&gt;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class TestLoginScreen:&#xA;&#xA;  def test_login:&#xA;    login_screen = LoginSteps(self.driver)&#xA;    login_screen.fill_username('asdf')&#xA;    login_screen.fill_password('asdf')&#xA;    login_screen.click_submit&#xA;  end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14549" LastEditorUserId="14549" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T12:37:00.810" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T15:32:00.703" Title="How to choose page object design &amp; structure" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29455" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T09:37:34.553" Score="2" ViewCount="1083" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are having a scenario like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login to the application from local machine &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create scenarios inside remote desktop and the url to open RDP will be available in browser which is opened in local.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;By clicking on hyperlink RDP window will be appeared&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter Password inside RDP window&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;RDP is opened with web application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to automate step 1 to step 5? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If Possible which tool will be suitable for this case? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Record and Play back option available?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27902" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T09:45:05.230" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T12:04:26.860" Title="Is it possible to Automate web application inside Remote Desktop?" Tags="&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29458" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T10:47:16.980" Score="1" ViewCount="1479" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using Protractor for e2e testing. I want to know, How many 'it' we can define inside a 'describe block' in a test file like below-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('This is my test suite',function(){&#xA;&#xA;      it('This is my test case 1',function(){&#xA;      })&#xA;      it('This is my test case 2',function(){&#xA;      })&#xA;      it('This is my test case 3',function(){&#xA;      })&#xA;      it('This is my test case 4',function(){&#xA;      })&#xA;      ............&#xA;&#xA;     it('This is my test case n',function(){&#xA;     })&#xA;&#xA;})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What could be maximum value of n for this describe block?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27726" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T13:08:40.570" Title="How many 'it' can we define inside a describe block?" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29460" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T11:06:53.790" Score="1" ViewCount="2436" Body="&lt;p&gt;Could you advise how can I select window by name, which is contained in variable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Name of window generates ramdom and this value exists in my ${addressId} variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to use:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select Window    ${addressId}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it doesn't work. I have got &lt;code&gt;NoSuchWindowException&lt;/code&gt;. Any ideas how to switch windows?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27907" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T13:23:19.523" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T14:33:06.037" Title="How to select window by name, which is contained in a variable?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29461" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T11:16:51.787" Score="0" ViewCount="558" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in Appium automation. The application I am testing, have this scenario where I need to tap on Search button from the native keyboard. I have tried with pressKeyCode method but getting this error-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;The method pressKeyCode(int) is undefined for the type WebElement&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using the following Environment-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Appium 1.4.16.1 with Java client 5.0.0-BETA8 &#xA;Selenium 3.4.0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what I am doing wrong? I have tried with earlier Java client for appium as well but nothing has worked so far. Also, is there any workaround other than the pressKeyCode to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27906" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T13:03:30.907" LastActivityDate="2021-04-02T02:03:40.490" Title="Unable to tap on Search on android keyboard using pressKeyCode(int) method" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29455" CreationDate="2017-09-11T11:17:56.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, this is possible. Two approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using some screenshot-driven &lt;em&gt;desktop&lt;/em&gt; automation software. The best known is here is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you do the &lt;strong&gt;RDP connection inside the web browser&lt;/strong&gt; using a tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://guacamole.incubator.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guacamole&lt;/a&gt;, you can use the screenshot based &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu Web Automation&lt;/a&gt; tool. The advantage of this approach is that everything happens inside a Chrome browser and the solution does not take over your desktop and can be run headless (Sikuli requires an unlocked desktop). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both options have record &amp;amp; replay features and are free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="22970" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T12:04:26.860" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T12:04:26.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29454" CreationDate="2017-09-11T12:06:34.840" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your first case is the classic object-oriented model where the page elements are the object properties, and the functional routines are the object methods. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as you keep the object model for you automation code SOLID and DRY, this flavor of page object pattern will work in most cases, and scale well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your second case is a more hybrid flavor of object oriented with only the properties isolated. This method is simpler to build because there is less need to think through the proper responsibilities of each page object, but less scalable because of the need to repeat code where a test requires actions that have been performed as part of another test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, consider an e-commerce app. You might have test 1 cover a customer checking their order list, and test 2 cover a customer making a new order. In both tests, the customer must log on, and in this model the code to log in must appear in two places.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case 3&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This architecture is similar to Model-View-Controller architecture, where the tests approximate the view, the interactions with fields form the controller, and the field definitions/locators form the model. It's as scalable as the classic object oriented pattern, but a little more complex to build and architect. I'd probably look to using this pattern with inheritance and potentially also interfaces and library routines to work with complex applications where there are common elements on pages as well as multiple different modules.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This architecture helps to keep each code unit to a single concern, at the cost of increased complexity for someone new to the automation code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overall&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter which method you choose, there will be tradeoffs. Test automation code always has to balance good coding principles with the need to keep each test as independent as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T12:06:34.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29458" CreationDate="2017-09-11T13:08:40.570" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't recall any limitation to the number of &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; blocks per &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt; in Jasmine. But, even though there is no technical limitation, make sure &lt;em&gt;you don't hurt readability&lt;/em&gt; by having many &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; blocks per describe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of putting tests into a single describe, organize your tests logically, use multiple &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt; blocks, use multiple files grouped per a test directory logically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/jasmine-data-provider&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jasmine-data-provider&lt;/code&gt; project&lt;/a&gt; which introduces a handy &lt;code&gt;using&lt;/code&gt; keyword that allows to dynamically &quot;multiply&quot; tests based on different parameters. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T13:08:40.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29465" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20843" CreationDate="2017-09-11T14:22:35.890" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test design is just as important for unit testing as for other, higher-level forms of testing. Good test design practices such as equivalence partitioning will often allow you to write tests that are more complete &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; more efficient to write and run than &quot;off the cuff&quot; unit testing because it helps you maximize the number of conditions covered while minimizing the number of tests actually performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another consideration is that if you just sit down and bang out unit tests based on the code, without the detailed study of the specification and requirements that you mentioned, you risk testing what the code does, rather than what it's &lt;strong&gt;supposed&lt;/strong&gt; to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally have found the book &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1118031962&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Art of Software Testing&lt;/a&gt; to be very helpful in learning good unit test design. It was my first exposure to test design and I found the discussion on equivalence partitioning in particular to be very effective in guiding my unit testing efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T14:22:35.890" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29454" CreationDate="2017-09-11T14:52:31.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, a warning: methods/approaches which work fine on trivial examples like your login screen, will &lt;strong&gt;fail miserably&lt;/strong&gt; in real life. In example, in real life you need to login to run tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in development environment (with different, dev-only set of users and other stripped down data), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;in an integration testing (close to production), but with non-production passwords for production users,&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;to real production (say, to compare with integration testing, for regression testing).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each has different configuration, URL, etc. But each is just a login: would you split it into three classes? I prefer to keep it in common class, because from URL I can infer the environment, and many other things about the expected behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Added complications: you need more methods: dealing with failed login, timeout/lockout after multiple failed logins, password reset, and possibly more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, assumption: you are writing integration/system tests for your pages. Complicated pages/single page application should have separate suite of unit-like tests which test functionality of one/few controls on the page in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whole point of PageObject model for system/integration testing is to insulate tests from pages: changes in the page design should not require changes in tests. Test should request a behavior, and it is up to pageobject to implement it. So obviously, no webdriver calls in tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But of course, changes in page design would trigger changes in &quot;unit-tests&quot; for the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I guess my answer is: you have two different goals, and consequently you need two different sets of tests. Likely you may have single pageobject to accommodate both test suites, just different methods for different goals. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In theory, there is no difference between the theory and the practice. I practice, there is.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T14:52:31.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29444" CreationDate="2017-09-11T14:53:43.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a number of issues, I'll try to explain the overall issues that will help point you in the right direction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; represents an entire test to be run, but it appears you're using it as a test step, or a group of steps. This is your main issue.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;******EDIT***** &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I didn't look closely at your &lt;code&gt;TC_101&lt;/code&gt; class, it looks like this is your actual test. All of your methods in your &lt;code&gt;General&lt;/code&gt; class &lt;strong&gt;should not&lt;/strong&gt; have the &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; attribute. Just remove &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; from those methods and try again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;******End EDIT*****&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to use &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@AfterTest&lt;/code&gt; for things you want to happen before and after each &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt;. For example, &lt;code&gt;driver=new FirefoxDriver();&lt;/code&gt; would be in &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;driver.quit();&lt;/code&gt; would be in &lt;code&gt;@AfterTest&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently as it is written, the only tests you have that don't start with the &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; being &lt;code&gt;NULL&lt;/code&gt; are &lt;code&gt;openApplication&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;tc&lt;/code&gt;. The rest of your tests will fail right off of the bat with a &lt;code&gt;NullPointer&lt;/code&gt;. The way the &lt;strong&gt;Testng&lt;/strong&gt; test runner works, these objects don't persist between tests, and they also don't necessarily run in any particular order. This means your &lt;code&gt;openApplication&lt;/code&gt; or your &lt;code&gt;tc&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; will probably not run first.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Long story short... Make sure if you use the &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; annotation, that method has a path to run the entire test, from starting the driver, opening the startpage, to quitting the driver at the end. It should completely encapsulate an entire test and not just a few steps. &lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@AfterTest&lt;/code&gt; are methods that will be included as part of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24457" LastEditorUserId="24457" LastEditDate="2017-09-11T16:36:49.363" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T16:36:49.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29468" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29517" CreationDate="2017-09-11T17:28:25.753" Score="2" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a requirement from the client, they want us to put a check on set of pages, that these pages and link on these pages should never throw 404 error. And Un-fortunately if any 404 appears an email is sent automatically to Dev team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can easily do it using Jmeter and Selenium but we don't how to keep it running 24x7. If we use Jenkins jobs (cron jobs) we dont know would it be optimal way to keep it running? Keep hitting these pages and links on those pages, wouldn't hit be performance issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is their any other open source tool to accomplish this task? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I missing something?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7741" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T13:01:40.710" Title="Keep a check on 404s" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;validation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20843" CreationDate="2017-09-11T17:45:47.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;where they write the test objectives and test cases prior to developing the script in SOAPUI. &quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, ^ that's what testers used to do.  Certainly a good practice to write the cases down ahead of writing the actual tests, based on the business requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If developers now write the tests, they should certainly apply the same care - analyze the application objectives - before writing test cases, ideally before then writing application code in a TDD fashion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T17:45:47.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29468" CreationDate="2017-09-11T17:48:17.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the testing point of view you can't keep running a test suite to verify if at anytime there is any 404 pages come then it should trigger a mail. 404 error shows when the client was able to communicate with a given server, but the server could not find what was requested.(which may occurs because huge load or missing sources)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest that ask your UI developer to include the their UI development package and they can trigger an event when 404 errors happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16760" LastActivityDate="2017-09-11T17:48:17.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29473" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29479" CreationDate="2017-09-11T20:23:10.893" Score="2" ViewCount="1962" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to modify browser request headers to include custom headers with each of my requests. This can be done by using special browser extensions. But, can it be done without using any browser extensions ? Ideally, the approach should be browser agnostic &amp;amp; OS agnostic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T20:16:47.807" Title="How do I change browser request headers without using a browser extension?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29474" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T20:26:29.287" Score="1" ViewCount="1433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to create performance test cases based on views in UI, for example one view makes 2 api calls in parallel and third one is called after first 2 have finished. I am going to have multiple views.&#xA;How can i achieve this in Jmeter?&#xA;I created many thread groups with api calls but each of them runs serially.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26978" LastEditorUserId="26467" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T08:00:05.800" LastActivityDate="2019-01-28T12:10:20.060" Title="Send few api calls in parallel and rest serially in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29475" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31414" CreationDate="2017-09-11T20:59:27.607" Score="6" ViewCount="17388" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have spent a while for the solution but couldn't find anything for my specific problem. I am automating a task with Selenium and need to log in a system. If I do it manually, the system will keep the user logged if a new browser tab or window is opened, but with Selenium, this doesn't happen if it is the second run of the program. It will open a new tab and won't even navigate to the url on the code. Is there any way to make the browser reuse the user session from the previous Selenium run? I'm using Java for the automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apologies, but I wasn't very clear. I looked for a way to use the opened browser before asking this question, as the question marked as a duplicate of mine asks, but as it doesn't seem feasible I asked about another approach. The thing is an opened browser is called session, but I mean a session when a user is logged in a system and opens a new browser tab or window and can navigate to the same system without logging in again. As I mentioned, on the second run of a Selenium Java program it won't navigate to the same system url nor use the same user session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27916" LastEditorUserId="27916" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T17:50:54.507" LastActivityDate="2019-01-27T05:07:25.070" Title="Is there a way to use the same login session on a Selenium WebDriver already opened?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29476" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-11T21:35:57.190" Score="6" ViewCount="442" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a very specified example of web application testing with selenium: It seems obvious that (almost) everyone is suggesting using element ID as the best locator strategy, and that your GUI-automation tasks shouldn't be depend on the HTML structure of the web app under test etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm getting the feeling that we are trying so much to automate things efficiently, and hence forgot about the testing aspect: Using element ID, how do I make sure that, for example, my &quot;Login&quot; button is exactly at the top of the page and not just &quot;somewhere&quot; on the page? And isn't it the page structure that I would like to test to make sure that the GUI-elements are following a specified, business-related order?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, the recommended best practice works great when I'm only concerned with functional testing of my web app. Of course!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25423" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T11:31:31.763" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:21:21.110" Title="Test automation | Are we focusing more on automation than testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29477" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29476" CreationDate="2017-09-11T22:38:08.297" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is definitely a focus on test automation, not automated testing—simply because the latter is hard to do. I think this is related to the &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@roesslerj/testing-vs-checking-so-what-9eb4c97c166c&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing vs. checking&lt;/a&gt; debate (started by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/856&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach and Michael Bolton&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Testing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the process of evaluating a product by learning about it through exploration and experimentation, which includes to some degree: questioning, study, modeling, observation, inference, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Checking&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; is the process of making evaluations by applying algorithmic decision rules to specific observations of a product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can easily let machines do automated checks, but automated testing is still an open research question. This is also why good manual testers are priceless; to quote a &lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/adamgoucher/status/903341881194622978&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;tweet by Adam Goucher&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The worst thing you can do productivity wise is take a talented manual tester and turn them into a crappy coder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO a solid QA needs both. That is, (smart) test automation and (smarter) manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nonetheless, there are tools you can leverage to address some parts of the things you have mentioned. Whereas Selenium is perfectly suited for functional testing, you can use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://galenframework.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Galen Framework&lt;/a&gt; to check the layout of your web app. Moreover, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bslatkin/dpxdt&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Depicted&lt;/a&gt; is a neat tool to reveal visual regressions (have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/UMnZiTL0tUc&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;this introduction&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T10:17:04.287" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T10:17:04.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29474" CreationDate="2017-09-12T04:19:00.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just add more virtual users to the Thread Group - this way requests will be executed by different users and you will be able to achieve the concurrency. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZvMT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/eZvMT.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Virtual Users Number&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need 2 (or more) users to execute a certain sampler at exactly the same moment - add &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeter-synchronizing-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt; as a child of this sampler and set &lt;code&gt;Number of Simulated Users to Group by&lt;/code&gt; to the desired amount of simultaneous users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="6225" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T04:27:30.633" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T04:27:30.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29473" CreationDate="2017-09-12T04:38:58.423" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP proxy&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTTP proxies can rewrite intercepted requests by adding, removing and modifying headers. Any Web browser can be configured to use any HTTP proxy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Popular implementations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/lightbody/browsermob-proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BrowserMob Proxy&lt;/a&gt;. Is a free programmable Java proxy that can be integrated with Selenium/Web Driver (in embedded mode) but also can be used as a standalone proxy for manual tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Charles Proxy&lt;/a&gt;. Is paid proxy with excellent GUI. It's main goal is sniffing and debugging HTTP traffic but it also has &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.charlesproxy.com/documentation/tools/rewrite/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;rewrite rules&lt;/a&gt;. Works on MacOS, Windows and Linux.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; is another paid proxy. I haven't used it for modifying requests, but I've &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28326215/how-to-modify-a-request-in-fiddler&quot;&gt;read it supports that&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-09-24T20:16:47.807" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T20:16:47.807" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29475" CreationDate="2017-09-12T06:44:26.510" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of welcome to SQA SE. Now instead of trying to delve into setup for webdriver's specifics,  you can either do all actions in a monolithic fashion with the same session or (as recommended) actually use java as an object oriented language and create classes/methods appropriately to assist your developing and maximize re-usable code, for example the login code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If&lt;/strong&gt;  for some reason you absolutely need a session to be shared for what you try to achieve,and its not just a case of bad code design that led you to this need,  you can take a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp#selenium-webdriver-api-commands-and-operations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;webdriver specifications&lt;/a&gt; for more info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25709" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T06:44:26.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29484" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29640" CreationDate="2017-09-12T07:20:49.010" Score="0" ViewCount="626" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is  testing certification question .I think the ans will be B . Need your opinion &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;During an Audit , Auditor asked for evidences that the defect&#xA;  prevention activities are effective.Which of the below items which you will choose&#xA;  as evidence&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;a. defect trend chart for the last quarter &#xA;b. list of defects from last month and current month &#xA;c. defect density report for last months &#xA;d. control chart of defect trends with 8 months data &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27797" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T11:03:14.517" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T10:44:01.663" Title="Defect prevention audit" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29485" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-12T07:27:38.200" Score="0" ViewCount="1519" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a test written in Appium, I have a scenario where clicking on android button redirects to the website. I want to check whether the site URL is valid or not. How is it possible to test the link?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26788" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T21:19:17.227" LastActivityDate="2019-02-25T06:11:34.817" Title="How to test mobile browser link directed from app in Appium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29486" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-12T07:39:58.760" Score="2" ViewCount="2247" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example test case:&lt;/strong&gt; Check mobile bill payment after due date.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the above test case, different telecom operators have different sets of rules. For example, some allow payment after due date, and some don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confused on how to write a test case for this situation; the same test case may PASS or FAIL based on the test data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do I need to repeat the same test case for different sets of data based on rules?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have found this on one site &quot;Data-driven testing is taking a test, parameterizing it, and then running that test with varying data&quot;. How I can add parameters and results in to an Excel document in which I'll write test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest a way to prepare test cases for scenarios like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27922" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T18:47:20.230" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T18:03:19.470" Title="How to write test cases when different test data gives different results?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-data&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29454" CreationDate="2017-09-12T09:01:07.063" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The rule I follow: The less automation code you have the happier you will be over time. Specify in a &quot;custom&quot; framework over coding as if your specification is nicely done you can convert, generate, document so much easier based on your testcases. Model your testcase with steps, screens with sections of elements&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would move the whole page/object pattern to an XML file and have a generic class model that deals with the different (sub) pages. &#xA;On top of the XML some simple GUI to manage the GUI hierarchy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In XML :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can have also a logical name for every element In XML &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can make some references to other stuff like JIRA relations (so able to add custom tags) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I can have an embedded screenshot or reference to a .jpg&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extend the number of properties where I can recognize the element with (instead of findbyid fails)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Generate documentation out of the XML if required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I can have another XML that groups (as a reusable building block) the elements back to a logical unit of work and feed that to the execution engine that then can deal before and after &lt;code&gt;handleElement&lt;/code&gt; the pre and post conditions like exceptional popups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More advanced are groups of groups like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Business layer:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Authenticate a user&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which is build of the 2 screen groups&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Implementation ( the subgroup of authenticating a user):         &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill screen 1 with &lt;code&gt;user:=...., pwd:=secret, submit:=click&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check screen 2 having &lt;code&gt;user:=..., lastlogondate:=[today] , takesnapshot:=true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27925" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T09:21:55.973" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T09:21:55.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29476" CreationDate="2017-09-12T09:55:05.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me what suffers most in testing when we focus more on automation is-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do most of us do after learning a automation tool or strategy!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trying to apply it at every available opportunity we get. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Searching for possible areas where we can use that strategy. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Changing the problem statement to suit our solution which is easy to forget the problem statement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We should get ourselves out from these and then focusing on automation would not be questionable any more!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastEditorUserId="27665" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T06:29:14.080" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T06:29:14.080" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="800" CreationDate="2017-09-12T09:57:45.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are few best practices can be applied in team to avoid duplicate issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Get the issues peer reviewed once so that tester can make sure that issue is understandable by others and also it is not duplicating with other issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create a defect manager role within the team who can triage the issues before assigning it Dev team.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;QA Standup - team can discuss about the issues reported and found if anything is duplicate.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Same issue in different browser can be merged and the duplicate issue can be closed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assign functionality ownership role to team members so that they can take care of their own functionality and can make sure that there is no duplicate issue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27927" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T11:23:27.090" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T11:23:27.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29486" CreationDate="2017-09-12T11:01:06.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Always approach this from your test objectives which should be taken directly from your requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have one usecase, but his has multiple scenarios. Your usecase, 'Check mobile bill payment after due date' is actually quite weak.  It is ambiguous in many ways. All tests should follow &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoare_logic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hoare logic&lt;/a&gt; which is easily done using &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BDD&lt;/a&gt; for your &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test scripts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given the due date has passed / Given the due date was yesterday&#xA;When the mobile bill is shown&#xA;Then expected data is shown.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two alternatives to the scenario I've posed above, before the due date and on (after) the due date.  These scenario produce different results and the scenario includes their expected result, even if this is a message that says not yet available.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These scenarios could also be further data driven, for example by accounts with different telecom providers, different account types, different due dates around bank holidays, month and year ends, leap years etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2020-05-04T18:03:19.470" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T18:03:19.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29493" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-12T11:10:51.787" Score="1" ViewCount="29" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’m trying to find a good flow/framework to perform benchmark tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a video transcoder CLI app which get as an input a video and output a video.&#xA;I need to write a script which will compare output metadata for a specific Pull Request (for example: size of the video, number of frames,…) with the master branch&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;code&gt;assert sizeFeature == sizeMaster&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition and in the future, I would also need to add a percentage variable to be considered as OK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: &lt;code&gt;assert sizeFeature between sizeMaster*0.9 and sizeMaster*1.1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a testing framework which could help me implement this use case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27928" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:55:14.277" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:55:14.277" Title="Benchmark Video Meta Testing Framework" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;testing-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29494" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29495" CreationDate="2017-09-12T12:00:06.057" Score="4" ViewCount="2199" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background :&lt;/strong&gt; We are planning to automate our web application, for that our manager asked for the Proof of Concept (POC). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Overview :&lt;/strong&gt; After studying and analyzing all factors of application, our team decided to choose Selenium WebDriver using Java as we have hands-on experience. We have designed one complete Framework structure using POM, TestNG, Maven, BitBucket, reports and all for Login module.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem :&lt;/strong&gt; We haven't conducted any automation proof of concepts before, so we do not have any idea what should we write in POC document that seems good document and the manager is able to understand. I have browsed through the internet but different information creating confusion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone suggest some good points that we can use to improve our POC?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="24976" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T18:47:17.517" LastActivityDate="2019-08-12T11:25:35.903" Title="What points should be covered in an Automation POC?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29494" CreationDate="2017-09-12T12:19:13.760" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your POC report is destined for the manager who wants to know the outcome of your investigation. More importantly, he'll have to decide whether to continue with the POC results, do another one (with different technology, for example) or stop investing in test automation at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, try to make your POC report as informative and comprehensive as possible.&#xA;When looking at it from this angle, you might want to address points like the following. Don't forget, they are &lt;strong&gt;estimations&lt;/strong&gt;. Also, honesty is key, so list your negative experiences as well as the positive aspects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Effort to create a fully functional framework and pipeline?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Effort and possibility to integrate in continuous integration cycle?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long does it take to automate one regression test case (and by extension the entire range of existing regression tests)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How much work will be needed to keep tests up to date?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How much time will you save&lt;/strong&gt; once the regression suite has been automated?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How easy is it to learn (for technical and/or non-technical staff)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Who is owner of the framework and tests? Do your testers need help from the developers for everything they do, or the contrary?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you see quality in general improve by using this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the (dis)advantages of the chosen technology/language?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there alternatives your team really thinks are worth investigating?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T12:19:13.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29496" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29525" CreationDate="2017-09-12T13:34:33.100" Score="1" ViewCount="313" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on some software, for which, the front end is being developed using AngularJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would like to incorporate some automated testing into our development lifecycle, so that we can write a test suite, with a number of tests that will be run on the front end every time we add a new feature/ fix a bug/ make changes to either the front or back end, to ensure that everything is still working as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done a bit of research, and found a number of testing frameworks available, such as Mocha, Jasmine, Jest, QUnit, Intern &amp;amp; Sinon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not really used automated testing/ testing frameworks much at all in my previous development experience, other than using JUnit briefly while developing in Java at university, as automated testing hasn't been in place in most of the places that I have worked- in some cases, due to the nature of the software being developed (manual testing, rather than automated was a requirement), and environments in which it was used, and in other cases due to the nature of company- small, relatively young, and still establishing methods of best practice, or a small development team within a company in an industry other than IT, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The main purpose of the framework/ library will be to simulate a user's interaction with the software, so clicking links/ buttons/ menus, selecting checkboxes, any other user interaction, and ensuring that the actual effect of the action is identical to the desired effect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my first question is: what should I bare in mind while looking into what testing frameworks we could possibly use? Are there particular features, or other things that some frameworks provide and other don't, which I would definitely want to look out for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, how can I best assess which framework/ library is going to be the most appropriate to use for the software we're developing? Is it just a case a picking one and giving it a go? It seems probable that I could waste quite a lot of time doing it this way, as I don't really know where to get started in what I'm looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What questions should I ask about a framework/ library before trying it out? Does anyone have any recommendations for a few libraries that I should try out first?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T18:36:17.887" Title="AngularJS testing frameworks/ libraries for automated testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29476" CreationDate="2017-09-12T13:34:45.073" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As usual, for different tasks you use different tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For (automated) testing the functionality, you use Selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For (automated) testing of the &quot;look and feel&quot;, you use &quot;compare the images&quot; tools like Applitools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or you can wait for General Artificial Intelligence. Problem with that approach is that after it's arrival, if it is self-improving, some researchers are concerned we (humans) have just few weeks to be replaced as a species on the top of the food chain, so after GAI we will not have problems with any kinds of testing anymore :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T13:34:45.073" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3502" CreationDate="2017-09-12T15:07:01.173" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Per the resolution of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cbeust/testng/issues/261&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GitHub issue yurloc filed&lt;/a&gt;, it appears that using &lt;code&gt;group-by-instances&lt;/code&gt; will prevent tests from being interleaved when using &lt;code&gt;dependsOnMethods&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2020-10-14T12:50:43.060" LastActivityDate="2020-10-14T12:50:43.060" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29454" CreationDate="2017-09-12T15:32:00.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tests should read like workflows. The login in example is a bit simple as it is only one workflow call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;app = new loginScreen();&#xA;page = app.login(new Users.ValidUser);&#xA;assert(app.loginFormIsHidden());&#xA;assert(page.menuIsVisible());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That the pageObject contains locators is the least if your worries, but I would keep them in the same file if possible. It is all about the interactions the page supports. Never should Selenium, Locators and or other dependencies be called from your tests. They should read like test-scripts, preferable full worksflows and not a bunch of single steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need single steps I would add extra more simpler workflows to the pageObjects and hide the steps and locators in the pageObject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T15:32:00.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29500" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29502" CreationDate="2017-09-12T15:47:16.950" Score="32" ViewCount="5475" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's imagine this common situation: a tester creates an issue for a developer to fix, providing the steps to reproduce, screenshots and other details (if available). Then, a developer does not think an issue is detailed enough and asks a tester to spend more time researching the conditions under which an issue is reproducible or add more observations and notes about when the problem happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, this kind of a request is really valid - adding more details would really help to further narrow down the problematic conditions, but I've oftentimes seen a developer &lt;em&gt;not willing to spend extra debugging time even though this is easier for him or her&lt;/em&gt; to do than for a tester to pinpoint what happens. Sometimes, that is because this developer does not value tester's time as much as he or she values developer's time (which is not a healthy thing to have in a team). In cases like this, a conflict between a developer and a tester happens. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This kind of situation is, I guess, inevitable since both parties operate in this intermediate temporary shared state of a debugging and pinpointing a problem. But, what are the general ways to avoid having or deal with such conflicts keeping the relationship between the teams healthy and productive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T15:52:55.303" LastActivityDate="2020-12-17T23:00:44.883" Title="Who is responsible for pinpointing bugs?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="13" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29502" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29500" CreationDate="2017-09-12T16:12:55.953" Score="25" Body="&lt;p&gt;If request sounds reasonable (which includes taking into account my other priorities), I would spend some more time researching. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not reasonable, I will respond &quot;sorry this is the best I can&quot;, and if my polite refusal to spend more time researching is not enough for the developer, I will &lt;strong&gt;ask my manager&lt;/strong&gt; to make the decision. I would also mention to manager:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if developer is better positioned to investigate it deeper (if it is the case), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if investigated code is in churn and there is a good chance that it will be changed before bug could be investigated (making bug report obsolete and moot)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;any other bugs in current QA pipeline touching adjacent code (if I am aware) so other developers might need to be involved&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;any other relevant info to allow my manager make better informed decision how to proceed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My manager will either tell me that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I need to spend more time on it &lt;strong&gt;and assign the priority comparing to my other tasks&lt;/strong&gt; (which I will communicate to developer, so dev can decide to not wait)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or decides that I already have spent enough time, and would talks to dev's manager.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disagreement between peers is exactly why we have managers. Also, dev's manager would want to know if such requests to shift work from devs to testers are a pattern for a particular developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality is a team sport&lt;/strong&gt;. Every member of a team has to play along, and managers are here to resolve disagreements if it is not the case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T15:22:55.770" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T15:22:55.770" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29500" CreationDate="2017-09-12T17:18:15.777" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But, what are the general ways to avoid having or deal with such&#xA;  conflicts keeping the relationship between the teams healthy and&#xA;  productive?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both QA management and Development management must come to an agreement regarding the ground rules of bug reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some shops, more detail is required before the bug report is sufficient to hand off to development for fixing. That may happen with inexperienced developers, or when maintenance/development is outsourced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other shops require less detail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And some shops like to call the dev/tester over to demonstrate the bug in person (to whichever desk is more convenient) and have the dev write whatever notes he feels he needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's always context and company-specific.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastEditorUserId="68" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T22:54:13.250" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T22:54:13.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29504" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29500" CreationDate="2017-09-12T17:46:59.580" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Joe Strazzere explained, it is a matter of discussion between devs and testers. The question is what factors to consider in such a discussion. I think Danny R. Faught explained that pretty well in &lt;a href=&quot;http://web.archive.org/web/20110716203602/http://www.tejasconsulting.com/papers/bug-isolation-pnsqc-2004.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;How to Make your Bugs Lonely: Tips on Bug Isolation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is no clear dividing line between the bug isolation and&#xA;  reporting that the tester does and the debugging that the programmer&#xA;  does. In most organizations, there's plenty of room for the testers to&#xA;  put more effort into bug isolation. On the other hand, there may also&#xA;  be reasons to have the testers report the first symptom they see and&#xA;  then move on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here are some factors in favor of having testers put significant&#xA;  effort into isolating the bugs they report:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Testers may be more motivated than the programmers to show that the bug has a real impact and should be fixed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Because they spend more time on bug reporting than programmers, the testers may be better as bug isolation than the programmers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The information that the tester learns about the bug can be put into immediate use for further testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Testers may have access to more resources, such as staff and lab equipment, than the programmers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;However, there are also factors that could indicate that it's best to&#xA;  put most of the weight of bug isolation on the programmers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;The testers may not be highly skilled or experienced, so they may not be adept at bug isolation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Testers might put significant effort into isolating a bug that turns out to be a low priority for fixing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Testing resources may be more constrained than development resources.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;It might be more productive to use knowledge of the code to zoom in on the problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Having the testers do significant bug isolation makes their somewhat unpredictable project schedule even more fluid, because it's hard to&#xA;  predict how many bugs will be found and how hard they are to&#xA;  characterize. Of course, the programmers have the same problem if we&#xA;  shift the work to them instead.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-03-26T14:43:37.847" LastActivityDate="2018-03-26T14:43:37.847" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29500" CreationDate="2017-09-12T20:30:44.493" Score="9" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Many companies I've worked for shared a policy...&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;...and that policy is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers are free to consult with developers while attempting to characterize, isolate or reproduce anomalous behavior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once a tester can document the steps necessary to faithfully recreate the behavior, the developer should be able to take it from there.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers are free to consult with testers as well, for clarification, assistance in recreating, or any other reason.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The logic behind this is fairly straightforward:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer should have better insight as to what part of the program might be responsible for the observed behavior.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer can often use a debugger to step through the suspect code while observing call results and intermediate values.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In systems where debugging is impractical, the developer can modify the code, inserting additional debug information outputs or logging around suspected areas in the code. The tester cannot typically do the same.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore it is usually much more efficient to have the developer responsible for the code fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27938" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2019-07-25T08:47:56.487" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29322" CreationDate="2017-09-12T20:57:44.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a management issue, honestly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I test an enterprise OS; I'll admit it not at the level, of, say, pacemaker control software, where an individual person/people could die if something goes wrong, but it is at the level of companies failing/people loosing their life's savings and so on.  And because it backs almost every financial transaction on the planet, and many airline operations, and other similar transactions, so there's also something along the lines of bad performance leading, in the aggregate, to many lifetimes spent waiting when they didn't have to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Alexey says, in a lot of ways, it isn't that different from development/test of any other software, but we do put a lot more effort into it.  &quot;Good enough&quot; isn't really an option; we either have to do it right, or not offer the product/function at all.  So designing a product that you have to reboot on a regular basis isn't something we do.  We spend a lot of time designing and testing error detection and recovery processing; there's more code devoted to error recovery paths than basic functionality in many components, and a lot of our testing is testing error conditions, not happy paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also have to spend a lot more time/resources testing at the system level; one of the things we've been noticing recently is that because the hardware and software is so resilient, it takes a perfect storm to cause problems.  It's actually somewhat of a problem; the systems are so reliable that when something does go wrong, the end users don't know what to do, as they probably haven't seen a failure in years.  So we've also been putting in a lot more proactive system monitoring/response functionality as well, as we can't trust a lot of end users to do the right thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But at some level, it's a question of how much the business is willing to spend.  As I said, we're noticing now that it takes a large number of things to go wrong to actually cause a system outage, and after a certain level of complexity, you can't test every possible combination of things going wrong.  Reaching successively more reliable systems is exponentially more expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, as others said, there are regulations/laws to deal with as well; we have to make sure we can prove that we've tested certain things if necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a day to day basis, I don't think I feel any different than any other tester would; I get frustrated when I can't reproduce problems, I get a great deal of pleasure from tracking down bugs that were hard to find, and I worry about escapes.  But I also push back harder than I might in other areas when I think something needs more testing, and I always worry about whether I was responsible if I hear about an ATM network outage or the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-09-12T22:44:45.553" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T22:44:45.553" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29507" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29508" CreationDate="2017-09-12T22:51:49.297" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;I encountered with some errors when tried to add the NUnit Annotation to my code as shown in below image.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2y5oM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2y5oM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done some error research &lt;a href=&quot;https://nunit.org/docs/2.5/exceptionAsserts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;from Here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://nunit.org/docs/2.5.7/testFixture.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; also following instructions &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.swtestacademy.com/selenium-webdriver-csharp-nunit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;from here&lt;/a&gt; too but no success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace Ebay_Test_Project&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            [Test]&#xA;&#xA;        //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;        //Go to Ebay Website&#xA;        var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        FirefoxDriver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.ebay.co.uk/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.AreEqual(&quot;ebay&quot;, driver.Title)&#xA;&#xA;       }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-06-24T07:24:53.313" LastActivityDate="2019-06-24T07:24:53.313" Title="Getting error while adding Test annotation in project using NUnit" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29508" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29507" CreationDate="2017-09-12T23:49:22.137" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;Test&lt;/code&gt; annotation goes outside of the test method. You've placed it inside.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;void myTestMethod()&#xA;{&#xA;    ... your test code here ...&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the &lt;code&gt;Test&lt;/code&gt; annotation may not work on a &lt;code&gt;static&lt;/code&gt; method, or on a method with parameters. (I don't remember the details. It's been a while since I used C#.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll bet there's another syntax error on the line that navigates to the Ebay site. If so, try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.ebay.co.uk/&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-09-12T23:49:22.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29103" CreationDate="2017-09-13T05:31:25.733" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Software testers and business analysts are like two sides of the same coin.&#xA;A software tester is a professional responsible for verifying that the software solution satisfies the specified requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can become a software tester if you possess analytical and logical thinking if you are very attentive to small details. You can attend some courses, or read special books, and start. Software testing is not a science, it is not something that is too difficult. If you’re meticulous if you’re interested in how mechanisms function, then this job is for you. But it requires creativity and flexibility. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Software testers also have been exposed to projects and have experience writing in a clear way through defect reports. Testing and coming up with a test plan requires clear critical thinking too.You need multiple skills which include communication and technical skills as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, there are some testing certifications for your career improvement, such as ISTQB and CSTE...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T05:31:25.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28724" CreationDate="2017-09-13T08:21:37.663" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, metrics around test cases and requirements are not the way to go for Agile testing. It is quite easy to add a lot of simple test cases that do not add that much value, but which could alter the metrics positively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally find the following metrics most useful in Agile testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Root Cause Analysis&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.ruberto.com/2013/04/root-cause-analysis-for-software-problems/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Root Cause Analysis&lt;/a&gt; shows what caused the bugs that are still in the system and why they have escaped testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I also prefer into dividing the escaped bugs into whether it would have added enough value versus costs if they would have been found earlier. A bug that only happens at one customer because their setup if very specific could have only been found earlier if you test all oddities of all setups of all customers. That is not worth it due to its costs versus the benefits (i.e. the bugs that would be uncovered due to extra testing). This gives two categories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs that should have been found earlier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs that should not have been found earlier&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you have done a Root Cause Analysis into those two categories, you can show whether the test process located more bugs with the highest priority versus fewer bugs with a lower priority (rather find a functional problem than a textual inconsistency). Do note that the cause of bugs not being found early enough is not always a blame to the test team, f.e. it could be a requirements-issue (customer expected something else than is delivered).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This shows that you perform Agile testing as expected: assure the quality with most certainty in least amount of time (as time is almost always the limiting factor).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Amount of open bugs&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also keep a graph of the open bugs at any moment in time. Ideally you measure this into priority categories. Critical bugs that need fixing within days are more important than textual inconsistencies. Note that it is not the main priority of the test team to keep the amount of bugs as low as possible, but it is a team-effort (developers need to fix them in the end).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Bugs per category&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also keep track of the amount of bugs per category, where you can define categories as you see most fit. You could use categories like performance, security, functionality, etc., or based on components of your product (for Stack Overflow: questions &amp;amp; answers, search, profiles, etc.). This gives a good insight into what categories need more attention, from either testing (if a lot of security bugs arise, you should make time early so that less and less escape the test process) or from developing (to fix the bugs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22660" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T08:21:37.663" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29511" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29475" CreationDate="2017-09-13T10:05:53.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Declare the driver as static in super class and use it whenever required without initiating it again:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Public class library() {&#xA;&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    public static void launchBrowser(String BrowserName) throws IOException {&#xA;        BrowserName.equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;Firefox&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(priority = 1)&#xA;    public void openApplication() throws Throwable {&#xA;        launchBrowser(TestData.Firefox_browser);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(priority = 2)&#xA;    public void enterCredential() throws Throwable {&#xA;        userName(&quot;id&quot;, &quot;login:login_box:username&quot;, TestData.username);&#xA;        passWord(&quot;xpath&quot;, &quot;//*[@id='login:login_box:password']&quot;, TestData.passWord);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your script will continue with one instance of the browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27950" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T10:18:06.583" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T10:18:06.583" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29512" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29500" CreationDate="2017-09-13T10:14:26.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my own experience, healthy personal relationship between developer and tester helps to sort out this problem. If a tester and a developer are friendly enough under company environment, then the negotiation will never be felt as negotiation. Rather both will consider as, this should be done with team effort and success or failure will be shared among both of them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will be always some rules and procedures for bug reporting and fixing but without dedication and proper co-operation conflicts will possibly go on!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T10:14:26.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29424" CreationDate="2017-09-13T10:24:00.570" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was using following combination:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Appium : 1.6.5&#xA;Selenium : selenium-java-3.3.1&#xA;Appium Java Client : java-client-5.0.3&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I downgraded the Appium client to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Appium Java Client : java-client-5.0.0-BETA6&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the problem was solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not aware how/where to raise the issue of the version incompatibility issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27926" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T10:32:45.010" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T10:32:45.010" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29514" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29532" CreationDate="2017-09-13T10:48:08.147" Score="3" ViewCount="12789" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use case:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When URL loads, it request for Windows authentication (Enter Username and Password). How it goes is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;loads the url &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;on clicking Post button in the page. Windows Authentication pops up appears asking for username and password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qKZNb.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qKZNb.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tried:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Installed AutoIT and written script and generated a exe file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to call this in protractor javascript? Something like &lt;code&gt;runtime.getruntime.exe(&quot;path/.exe&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or is their any another way to achieve it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Highly appreciate, if you explain at code level as well as I am new to javascript.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T12:35:49.323" LastActivityDate="2019-08-16T18:37:12.050" Title="How to handle windows authentication pop up with Protractor?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29468" CreationDate="2017-09-13T11:57:29.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, it's absolutely not viable to constantly call each page. You'd have performance issues, and distort any kind of data collection you're doing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, you do have some options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modify the application or host error handling to email the team&lt;/strong&gt; - this would required development assistance to code the changes, or potentially network management or devops assistance to change the host settings to email the team whenever there are 404 errors.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use a cloud-based monitoring service&lt;/strong&gt; - AWS provides a cloud based monitoring service that can send a notification if a site or URL is unreachable. I'm sure there are others.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scheduled availability check&lt;/strong&gt; - You don't want to do this real-time, but you can schedule an availability check to run daily at a low-activity time. If you can't convince your dev team or devops/network management team to set up a notification on receiving a 404, and you can't find a viable cloud-based monitoring service, this is probably your best option. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of the method you think is best, you should research your options and take them to you manager so they can work with the client. It's best if your client knows what method you're using, why you're using it, and approves of the decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T11:57:29.963" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29516" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-13T12:03:30.173" Score="1" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to update the test results of Cucumber test scenarios to QC ALM using Rest API. I have individual test-set for all automation test scenario (There is a 1-1 mapping between automation test scenario name and test-set name). So to get the test-set id for particular automation scenario, I am calling the rest API through Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://xxxx/qcbin/rest/domains//projects//test-set-folders?query={name['Test']}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;while executing this above with get method, I am getting the below error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;qccore.general-errorIllegal query expression: must be surrounded with curly brackets&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The GET method works fine, if I have query like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;?query={id[123]}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ALM version is 11.52.536. Please help to solve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27952" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T12:33:45.300" LastActivityDate="2021-03-07T23:00:05.043" Title="Get error (Illegal query expression: must be surrounded with curly brackets) while trying to fetch details about test-set in QC ALM Rest api" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;hp-alm&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29468" CreationDate="2017-09-13T13:01:40.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Don't use selenium for something like this, the overhead from carrying a browser with you doesn't benefit you in anyway and just eats up ram. I'm not going into the question if something like this makes sense since it's a client requirement and it's not a QA job to argue about this. Just set up a daemon that sends out requests to the pages and check the return code something along the lines of&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import urllib3 as ul&#xA;from time import sleep&#xA;Pages = [&quot;List&quot;, &quot;of&quot;,&quot;urls&quot;, &quot;to&quot;, &quot;check&quot;]&#xA;while(True):&#xA;    for Page in Pages:&#xA;        with ul.PoolManager() as http:&#xA;           Resp = http.request(url=Page, method=&quot;GET&quot;)&#xA;           RespCode = Resp.status&#xA;           if RespCode.startswith(&quot;4&quot;) or RespCode.startswith(&quot;5):#reports if status code is in error range&#xA;               sendMailToTeam()&#xA;    sleep(60*5)#change intervals to whatever you need&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is easily maintainable, does the same as selenium would do and is softer on the machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T13:01:40.710" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26765" CreationDate="2017-09-13T13:16:52.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;****Experimental Workaround, no guarantee for anything*****&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got it running with the up to date Firefox but it's a little bit of a hassle and makes your selenium node cry out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download current Selenium and GeckoDriver, set paths, configure Buildpaths, the whole standard thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add Desired Capabilities if you don't have them already and add the argument &lt;code&gt;.setCapability(&quot;marionette&quot;, false);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start your Hub as &lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.5.3.jar -port [Any free Port]&lt;/code&gt; just don't use the default 4444.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start a Node as &lt;code&gt;java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.5.3.jar -role node -hub &lt;a href=&quot;http://127.0.0.1:[your&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://127.0.0.1:[your&lt;/a&gt; Port]/wd/register -enablePassThrough true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your node should now output &lt;code&gt;INFO - Couldn't register this node: The hub is down or not responding: com.google.gson.stream.MalformedJsonException: Use JsonReader.setLenient(true) to accept malformed JSON at line 1 column 12 path $&lt;/code&gt; don't worry, it will still work thanks to enablePassThrough&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you should be able to use Firefox &gt;= 47. This circumvents anything the W3C recommends for WebDrivers (this is why the node is crying) but it works. Good luck and ask if anything doesn't work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18800" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T13:16:52.907" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29500" CreationDate="2017-09-13T13:50:40.043" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally I think it's good practice to try to gather as much information about the bug so that the Developer in question can fix the bug - Yes...I just stated the obvious, but hear me out. I think providing the Developer with screenshots, stack traces, logs, recreation steps, general information (is it browser or OS specific?) and as much &quot;evidence&quot; as possible is the best way forward in my experience. It's not up to the test driver of the car to figure out where the weird engine noise is coming from, but what you can tell the Engineer or mechanic is that it only occurs at 6000 RPM and at X speed, while turning left, if you catch my drift (pun intentional). So in a nutshell, it's not your job so point out where exactly it breaks, but you can assist the developer in pinpointing while he troubleshoots on his/her own. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27957" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T13:50:40.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29520" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29595" CreationDate="2017-09-13T15:20:08.823" Score="4" ViewCount="2691" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need help please, I have a working Selenium Webdriver/Gherkin/Specflow project that I created. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to migrate my code to another environment (stage), but I only want to make changes in the app.config to switch between the different environments. I have successfully executed the URL switch with app.config using the 'Switch Cases', the problem I am facing now is &lt;strong&gt;how to create second login and how will gherkin knows to switch to the specific environment that I am running?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I have my username and password store in gherkin like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Examples:&#xA;| firstname | username | password |&#xA;| Cam       | Newton   | 12345dev |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how I am performing my url switch:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;switch (environment)&#xA;{&#xA;    case &quot;DEV&quot;:&#xA;&#xA;        if (!(_driver.Url.Equals(Constants.DEV_LandingPage)))&#xA;        {&#xA;            _driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(Constants.DEV_LandingPage);&#xA;        }&#xA;        break;&#xA;    case &quot;STAGE&quot;:&#xA;        if (!(_driver.Url.Equals(Constants.STAGE_LandingPage)))&#xA;        {&#xA;            _driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(Constants.STAGE_LandingPage);&#xA;        }&#xA;        break;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25521" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T15:55:21.440" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T18:24:27.957" Title="How can I parameterize multiple users login in your specflow gherkin (Selenium Webdriver)?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;specflow&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29500" CreationDate="2017-09-13T15:42:11.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me, who is responsible depends on what kind of team you have. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have a traditional team, there will have to be an agreement detailing what the testers will do and what the developers will do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you work in a Scrum team, the bugs are the responsibilitie of &lt;em&gt;the team&lt;/em&gt;. This means &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; developers &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; testers. Depending on how your team prefers to work, the tester will put more or less effort into describing and/or isolating the issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, in this situation I prefer to take down the steps-to-reproduce for myself and then sitting together with a developer to show them what the issue is and how I produced it exactly. Depending on the issue, I then either go on trying to isolate it or the developer starts trying to fix it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When things have to go through a ticketing system without any other interaction between tester and developer, you can lose a lot of time in ping-ponging which goes against the entire point of being &lt;em&gt;agile&lt;/em&gt; and flexible. If there's a difference in the interpretation of the requirements (be it a user story or a spec) you can have a short discussion and either figure out the answer or go find the person who can. All within minutes rather than days.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T15:42:11.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28724" CreationDate="2017-09-13T16:01:38.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd disagree; metrics and test plans are important.  (I think there's a separate question in there about how test should work in an agile environment; I'd recommend watching &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2017/06/02/agile-testing-essentials-livelessons-video-course/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://lisacrispin.com/2017/06/02/agile-testing-essentials-livelessons-video-course/&lt;/a&gt; if you haven't before, and possibly asking a separate question.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I don't think they're important from a client point of view.  Either you're done with a function and ready to deliver it, or you aren't.  It's most likely meaningless to tell them that 70% of test cases are passing, or something, because you'd then have to explain which ones aren't passing, and if they need to worry, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for the question about some sort of documentation for both planning your test and tracking it, both are fundamental.  Not because you're necessarily going to show it to anyone external, but because you are going to need to share it with your developers and other testers when you do iteration planning/standups.  And you can talk to them about what the best way to document/measure things is for everyone involved.  Having a hierarchy of tests can be helpful, so you can quickly show the impact; that not being able to do test A means you can do these other four tests either, whereas not being able to do test B is only blocking that specific test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test plans can also be important for historical purposes; it's very helpful for me as a tester to look at what someone did a few years ago when testing some similar functionality to give me ideas for what I might want to do.  It can also be helpful when doing regression/other sorts of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T16:01:38.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29523" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29529" CreationDate="2017-09-13T17:39:25.453" Score="1" ViewCount="161" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of my interview questions was: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Assume you are working on a desktop application. Client application&#xA;  communicates with Backend engine for biz logic and as well rendering&#xA;  of data. Come up with test strategy considering that backend engine is&#xA;  moving away from legacy technology stack to a latest Java stack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It was evident that my answer was not satisfactory. Can you please suggest what would be a better test strategy for this case?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestions were:&#xA;Since the entire backend engine was migrated, we need to execute all of the system test cases and the automation scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They were expecting the list of risks that may arise and the mitigation plans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27965" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T21:17:06.697" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T21:17:06.697" Title="Test strategy for a backend engine moving from legacy to latest Java stack - interview question" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29523" CreationDate="2017-09-13T18:26:45.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, first, somewhere, there was a miscommunication about the level of test they were interested in discussing.  You were focusing on the lower level &quot;what would I do to test ...&quot; and they were interested in knowing what risks there were.  If that sort of miscommunication happened a lot, then there's a larger issue there than how you answered, possibly having to do with the role you were interviewing for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, I'm not sure you understood the size of the question they were asking.  What they're proposing to do is often described as &quot;changing the wing of a 747 while the plane is in flight.&quot;  They want to completely replace part of a system without changing other parts of it.  What you suggested is regression/API testing, which is part of, but nowhere near, all of what is needed in this case.  Many such projects fail because they're so hard to do for any system of a realistic size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As risks and mitigation plans (which I wouldn't consider part of a QA/test role's responsibilities to come up with; risks, possibly, but not the mitigation plans; that is more of a architect/project planner responsibility), some things that come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  Performance.  Can the new application handle the same load as the prior application?  How well does it scale, compared to the other application?  Does it have different stress points?  (i.e., old version started slowing down because it saturated the database I/O, new version slows down because it starts having to page to disk, or something similar).  Depending on the results of the test, you might need to move to different hardware, shard the backend database, or redesign the new application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)  Known errors/undocumented functionality.  It's actually common for systems to have either bugs or undefined behavior, and for client applications to rely on that behavior.  So your replacement system has to not just behave the same way as the spec says, it has to behave the same way the other system actually behaves.  In order to test this, I'd probably want to implement some sort of record/replay functionality at the information flow level, and verify that for a given client input, the new backend gives the same response to live data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)  Complexity.  As I said; these efforts are very hard to do, and tend to fail.  A better way to approach might be to rearchitect the current backend so as to make it less monolithic, and have more defined silos of responsibility.  Then you can, instead of replacing the entire thing at once, replace it in pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T18:26:45.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29496" CreationDate="2017-09-13T18:36:17.887" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, unless you have really specific testing needs pretty much all of the tools you mention are appropriate as part of a testing stack. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing an application with an angular frontend at the browser level the obvious first choice is probably &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; if your team isn't afraid of javascript. Protractor takes some of the work out of combining the various pieces of the testing stack (test runner/framework, selenium library, test results generation, etc.) Instead, you'll deal with most of that in a single configuration file. Additionally, Protractor extends the official javascript selenium driver, selenium-webdriver, with additional functionality specific for angular testing including ng-based selectors and some limited awareness of when the application has finished loading. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T18:36:17.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29526" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29533" CreationDate="2017-09-13T18:40:41.033" Score="0" ViewCount="840" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am recording a test in JMeter using HTTPS Test Script Recorder with a Recording Controller and Firefox Browser. I want to record going to google and making a search. However, instead of google loading in browser I get the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;501 Method not implemented. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Service not implemented. Probably used&#xA;  https instead of http. To record https requests, see HTTP(S) Test&#xA;  Script Recorder documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why does this appear and not the google webpage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Workaround: Refresh page multiple times can make google appear after awhile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17811" LastEditorUserId="17811" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T19:34:58.443" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T06:06:31.700" Title="JMeter Recorder 501 Method not implemented Error" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29523" CreationDate="2017-09-13T19:23:32.830" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This kind of open-ended questions (and few follows-up questions) are excellent to separate those who have the experience with doing the stuff from those who try to fake it. So don't try to fake it (it is easily detected), and faking it is just wasting everyone's time (including yours).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead, describe similar situation where you tested changing part of the system, where you do have the experience. If you don't have any, tell about what you did. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During interview, they do not care how to solve any particular problem they asked about (if they don't know, they will hire external expert). They want to know if you have experience solving problems, and what is your approach - so tell them what you know how to do, and don't try to fake some experience which you do not have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will get much more suggestions about handling difficult interviewing questions at &lt;a href=&quot;https://workplace.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;workplace SE&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T19:23:32.830" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29529" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29523" CreationDate="2017-09-13T19:54:49.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You effectively answered the question with a &lt;em&gt;test plan&lt;/em&gt; - a high level list of &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; testing you would do - when they were asking for a test strategy, that is, a high-level description of &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; you would approach a migration or rewrite of that scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other answers have covered a number of good suggestions. I would add things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the usage profile of the legacy application. Chances are it has a relatively small set of functions that get most of the use. These would be high priority targets to check for functionality, performance, and security. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can the new application be run in parallel with the legacy engine? If it can, a period of parallel operation should be part of the strategy, along with some form of automated or semi-automated checking of outputs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the performance profile of the legacy application. You will want to ensure that the performance of the new application matches or improves on the performance of the legacy app.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Whether there is API test automation of the legacy application and whether it needs to be changed for the new application. If the legacy app has an extensive set of automated API tests, and the new app is not changing the API call signatures or expected responses, these can be used as part of the testing strategy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are the essential must-not-fail functions of the legacy application? These are the functions that must be covered first and have automated regression built to cover.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this information, you can prioritize aspects of the testing approach to cover the critical features first, most used features next, and other features as needed. You can also lay out strategies such as parallel execution, running automated tests against both systems, running performance tests against both systems, and running security tests against both systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's roughly how I would approach an interview question of this nature. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-13T19:54:49.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29530" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-13T20:14:48.053" Score="4" ViewCount="3004" Body="&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know how to move the Test Explorer window to the &quot;small vertical bar&quot; in MS Visual Studio pls ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using MS Visual Studio 2015.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have attached a screen shot.&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NrNyJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NrNyJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have checked the Microsoft Website &amp;amp; did a Google search. But no helpful information: &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/4k7zyeba.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/4k7zyeba.aspx&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/wdee4yb6.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/wdee4yb6.aspx&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/z4y0hsax(VS.100).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/z4y0hsax(VS.100).aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="21701" LastEditDate="2017-09-13T20:34:41.543" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T07:18:12.613" Title="How To Move Test Explorer Window To Vertical Bar In Visual Studio 2015" Tags="&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29532" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29514" CreationDate="2017-09-14T01:32:17.480" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A workaround (had similar issues with selenium) was to use Firefox, and create a browser profile that includes a password and let the browser populate the login screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firefox (I have successfully implemented these steps)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://kb.mozillazine.org/Creating_a_new_Firefox_profile_on_Windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Firefox Create&#xA;profile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/custom-firefox-profile/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Firefox use profile in&#xA;selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome (Suggestions, i have not tried configuring Chrome profiles before)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/chromebook/answer/95606?co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop&amp;amp;hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chrome Profile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unsure how to &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15272785/selenium-chrome-attach-default-profile&quot;&gt;configure selenium with Chrome profile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27414" LastEditorUserId="27414" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T00:41:58.020" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T00:41:58.020" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29526" CreationDate="2017-09-14T06:06:31.700" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The absolute majority of websites are using &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPS&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTPS protocol&lt;/a&gt; now and you should perform one more step in order to enable JMeter to decrypt and record HTTPS traffic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you launch HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder it creates a self-signed certificate - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - in JMeter's &quot;bin&quot; folder. You need to add this certificate to your browser so JMeter could decrypt secure traffic. See &lt;strong&gt;HTTPS recording and certificates&lt;/strong&gt; chapter of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt; User Manual chapter for more details. Once you install the certificate you should be able to record normally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware that &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733009-Websites-Forbidden-to-Test-Using-BlazeMeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;doing load testing of public websites without explicit approval of these sites owner(s) might cause problems&lt;/a&gt;, i.e. you at least will be banned/black-listed, in some cases it might be even considered as a criminal offence.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you need some practice it is better to install some web application locally, this way you will have full control of the environment and will also be able to monitor resource usage caused by the increased load. If you don't have possibility to install anything on your machine you can use dedicated sites like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://newtours.demoaut.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blazedemo.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blazedemo.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T06:06:31.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29530" CreationDate="2017-09-14T08:00:34.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just drag the tab (the bit that has the words &quot;Test explorer&quot;) towards the middle of the window. As you drag it, expect to see a wireframe of possible locations and drag the tab to the wanted place in that wireframe. Afterwards, you may need to click on the &quot;pin&quot; in the tab (so it toggles between horizontal and vertical) so that the panel collapses into the vertical bar and just its name is shown. Click the name to open the panel and click the pin again and then the panel shoudl stay open at the left side of the window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6752" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T08:00:34.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T09:14:09.567" Score="1" ViewCount="1922" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 10 test cases, In which first 8 test cases should run in Chrome browser and next 2 test cases should run in Firefox browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried below code: in &lt;strong&gt;conf.js&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  var jasmineReporters = require('jasmine-reporters-master');&#xA;&#xA;  var SpecReporter = require('jasmine-spec-reporter').SpecReporter;&#xA;  var Jasmine2HtmlReporter = require('protractor-jasmine2-html-reporter');&#xA;&#xA;  exports.config = {&#xA;framework: 'jasmine2',      //framework Used&#xA;seleniumPort: 4444,         // selenium port address&#xA;    specs: ['./Spec/Master.spec.js'],      //Spec -&amp;gt; consists of test suite/ test cases&#xA;allScriptsTimeout: 50000,&#xA;jasmineNodeOpts: {                   //jasmine framework details&#xA;    isVerbose: true,&#xA;    showColors: true,&#xA;    includeStackTrace: true,&#xA;    defaultTimeoutInterval: 260000,&#xA;    print: function() {}&#xA;},&#xA;&#xA;    multiCapabilities: [{&#xA;    browserName: 'chrome',&#xA;    'args':['incognito','--start-maximized'],  // this line is for maximize the window and incognito view&#xA;&#xA;    prefs: {&#xA;        'profile:managed_default_content_settings.notifications': 1&#xA;    },&#xA;    exclude: ['./Spec/RestCall/ShowGeoLocation.js'],&#xA;&#xA;},&#xA;    {&#xA;        browserName: 'firefox',&#xA;        specs: ['./Spec/RestCall/ShowGeoLocation.js']&#xA;        // Spec files to be excluded on this capability only.&#xA;        //exclude: ['spec/doNotRunInChromeSpec.js'], //YOUR SPEC NAME THAT YOU WANT TO EXCLUDE/SKIP&#xA;    }],&#xA;maxSession:1,&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;onPrepare: function (config_) {                  // before starting the actual TC execution, setup the things we define here&#xA;    require('./Data/waitReady.js');&#xA;    //browser.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;    var jasmineReporters = require('jasmine-reporters');&#xA;    jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new jasmineReporters.JUnitXmlReporter({&#xA;        consolidateAll: false,&#xA;        savePath: './Reports/JunitXMLprotractor-result/',&#xA;        filePrefix: 'xmloutput'&#xA;    }));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;./Spec/Master.spec.js'&lt;/strong&gt; has:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;       var showGeoloca = require('./RestCall/ShowGeoLocation');&#xA;&#xA;       describe('REPORTING USER ROLE - ',function () {&#xA;    Reporting.start();         contains actual spec&#xA;&#xA;       });&#xA;       describe('Rest Call - ',function () {&#xA;       showGeoloca.start();          contains actual spec&#xA;       });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In Simple, Reporting.start() should run in Chrome browser. ShowGeoloca.start should run in Firefox browser&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Inside Each Spec code, I didn’t specify any new instance of creating new browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But didn't work as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we achieve this? Can we create a new instance of Firefox browser on the go? (while a test case is running)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T14:02:01.773" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T19:18:47.267" Title="PROTRACTOR: How to Run Few Spec on firefox browser and few spec on Chrome browser?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29538" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29625" CreationDate="2017-09-14T09:21:36.647" Score="1" ViewCount="3299" Body="&lt;p&gt;I followed the instructions from &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27356451/how-can-i-create-signup-multiple-new-user-of-my-site-by-using-jmeter-testing-too&quot;&gt;this Stack Overflow page&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record create user scenario using JMeter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parametrize add user request (username, details) with &lt;code&gt;CSV data set config&lt;/code&gt; element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;code&gt;CSV data set config&lt;/code&gt; with required no. of entries (500 in your case) where each line represents user details, user1, India, passwd1, user2, US, passwd2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;code&gt;View result tree&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run this scenario, it displays this error and I don't know why:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Response code: 500&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can any experts out there share what I am doing wrong here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27983" LastEditorUserId="27878" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T11:22:27.563" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T07:09:42.067" Title="How to create multiple new users in a site by using JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28686" CreationDate="2017-09-14T10:16:28.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I appear to have discovered the issue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A REST GET request to a URL using SoapUI follows different encoding rules to an HTTP GET request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Smartbear were unable to provide a reason for the difference in behaviours&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7365" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T10:16:28.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29370" CreationDate="2017-09-14T11:05:50.953" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You would know in which region your app will be providing services or targeting customers. You can use this &lt;a href=&quot;http://gs.statcounter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://gs.statcounter.com/&lt;/a&gt; to find list of browser share as per region. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We also use this in our software testing company. As per stats worldwide usage of web browsers for August 2017&#xA;Chrome : 54.89% &#xA;Safari : 14.88%&#xA;UC Browser : 7.43%&#xA;Firefox : 5.9%&#xA;Opera : 4%&#xA;IE : 3.69%&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: You should also check for mobile browsers also if you have a mobile app also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T11:05:50.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29541" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T11:20:40.777" Score="5" ViewCount="882" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to implement the Karma/ Jasmine test suite/ framework for use with my AngularJS app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having never used a testing framework previously, I have followed the &lt;a href=&quot;https://scotch.io/tutorials/testing-angularjs-with-jasmine-and-karma-part-1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; - to give it a go, before trying to integrate it into my existing AngularJS app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, when I run &lt;code&gt;karma start&lt;/code&gt; in the command line, although a browser window does open, I get different output in the console to what the tutorial indicates I should see...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The browser window that opens is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qbhyf.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qbhyf.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;browser screenshot&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as I can tell, I have done exactly what it says to do in each step of the tutorial, and yet, in the last step, where it shows that I should get the following output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/14IIU.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/14IIU.png&quot; alt=&quot;screenshot from end of Karma tutorial&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I actually see is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mygHW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mygHW.png&quot; alt=&quot;screenshot of what I actually see&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output I'm getting seems to indicate that none of my tests are being run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... Executed 0 of 0 ERROR ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not sure why this is...?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My tests are all defined in the &lt;code&gt;users.spec.js&lt;/code&gt; file, with the list of users &amp;amp; the functions to be called defined in &lt;code&gt;users.js&lt;/code&gt;, as indicated in the tutorial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;users.spec.js&lt;/code&gt; file is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('Users factory', function() {&#xA;    var Users;&#xA;&#xA;    // The array of users our factory will provide us&#xA;    var userList = [&#xA;        {&#xA;            id: '1',&#xA;            name: 'Jane',&#xA;            role: 'Designer',&#xA;            location: 'New York',&#xA;            twitter: 'gijane'&#xA;        },&#xA;        {&#xA;            id: '2',&#xA;            name: 'Bob',&#xA;            role: 'Developer',&#xA;            location: 'New York',&#xA;            twitter: 'billybob'&#xA;        },&#xA;        {&#xA;            id: '3',&#xA;            name: 'Jim',&#xA;            role: 'Developer',&#xA;            location: 'Chicago',&#xA;            twitter: 'jimbo'&#xA;        },&#xA;        {&#xA;            id: '4',&#xA;            name: 'Bill',&#xA;            role: 'Designer',&#xA;            location: 'LA',&#xA;            twitter: 'dabill'&#xA;        }&#xA;    ];&#xA;&#xA;    // The single user we expect to receive when calling findById('2')&#xA;    var singleUser = {&#xA;        id: '2',&#xA;        name: 'Bob',&#xA;        role: 'Developer',&#xA;        location: 'New York',&#xA;        twitter: 'billybob'&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    //Before each test load our api.users module&#xA;    beforeEach(angular.mock.module('api.users'));&#xA;&#xA;    //Before each test set our injected Users factory (_Users_) to our local Users variable&#xA;    beforeEach(inject(function(_Users_) {&#xA;        Users = _Users_;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    // A simple test to verify the Users factory exists&#xA;    it('should exist', function() {&#xA;        expect(Users).toBeDefined();&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    // A set of tests for our User.all() method&#xA;    describe('.all()', function() {&#xA;        // A simple test to verify the method all exists&#xA;        it('should exist', function() {&#xA;            expect(Users.all).toBeDefined();&#xA;        });&#xA;    &#xA;        // A test to verify that calling all() returns the array of user we hard-coded above&#xA;        it('should returna hard-coded list of users', function() {&#xA;            expect(Users.all()).toEqual(userList);&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    // A set of tests for our Users.findById() method&#xA;    describe('.findById()', function() {&#xA;        // A simple test to verify the method findById exists&#xA;        it('should exist', function() {&#xA;            expect(Users.findById).toBeDefined();&#xA;        });&#xA;    &#xA;        // A test to verify that calling findById() with an id, in this case '2', returns a single user&#xA;        it('should return one user object if it exists', function() {&#xA;            expect(Users.findById('2')).toEqual(singleUser);&#xA;        });&#xA;    &#xA;        // A test to verify that calling dindById() with an id that doesn't exist, in this case 'ABC', returns undefined&#xA;        it('should return undefined if the user cannot be found', function() {&#xA;            expect(Users.findById('ABC')).not.toBeDefined();&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the &lt;code&gt;users.js&lt;/code&gt; file is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;(function() {&#xA;    'use strict';&#xA;&#xA;    // Creating the module and factory we referenced in the beforeEach blocks in our test file&#xA;    angular.module('api.users', [])&#xA;    .factory('Users', function() {&#xA;        var Users = {};&#xA;        var userList = [&#xA;            {&#xA;                id: '1',&#xA;                name: 'Jane',&#xA;                role: 'Designer',&#xA;                location: 'New York',&#xA;                twitter: 'gijane'&#xA;            },&#xA;            {&#xA;                id: '2',&#xA;                name: 'Bob',&#xA;                role: 'Developer',&#xA;                location: 'New York',&#xA;                twitter: 'billybob'&#xA;            },&#xA;            {&#xA;                id: '3',&#xA;                name: 'Jim',&#xA;                role: 'Developer',&#xA;                location: 'Chicago',&#xA;                twitter: 'jimbo'&#xA;            },&#xA;            {&#xA;                id: '4',&#xA;                name: 'Bill',&#xA;                role: 'Designer',&#xA;                location: 'LA',&#xA;                twitter: 'dabill'&#xA;            }&#xA;        ];&#xA;    &#xA;        // Users.method = function() {};&#xA;        Users.all = function() {&#xA;            return userList;&#xA;        };&#xA;    &#xA;        // Defining findById to make our test pass. It doesn't need to do anything yet&#xA;        Users.findById = function(id) {&#xA;            // Return a single user object, as our test is expecting&#xA;            return userList.find(function(user) {&#xA;                return user.id === id;&#xA;            });&#xA;        };&#xA;    &#xA;        return Users;&#xA;    });&#xA;})();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also included both of those files in the &lt;code&gt;files: [...]&lt;/code&gt; section of the &lt;code&gt;karma.conf.js&lt;/code&gt; file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;files: [&#xA;    './node_modules/angular/angular.js',&#xA;    './node_modules/angular-ui-router/release/angular-ui-router.js',&#xA;    './node_modules/angular-mocks/angular-mocks.js',&#xA;    './app/services/users/users.js',&#xA;    './app/app.js',&#xA;    './app/services/users/users.spec.js'&#xA;],&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I doing wrong/ missing here? Why is it that the tutorial indicates that I should be seeing some output from the tests, but I am not seeing any of that output?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2020-08-28T15:31:15.587" LastActivityDate="2020-08-28T15:31:15.587" Title="Karma/ Jasmine testing framework - tests don't appear to be executed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29494" CreationDate="2017-09-14T11:25:58.280" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The first and foremost target of automation testing is increasing the productivity in long run with different utilities. So the main point needs to be added is the forecast productivity. How the ROI( return on investment) is going to be increased release to release as the test case number will increase. A rough estimation you can mention in your doc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some open source utilities you can introduce for webservice testing through mobile. A good light weight webservice testing tool is ResTer -&lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=rester.restapitester&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Rest API Tester&lt;/a&gt;. Open source utilities always attracts project needs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also take some prior reference from developers if possible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27986" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T12:36:51.967" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T12:36:51.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29486" CreationDate="2017-09-14T11:33:17.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can run same test case with different test data very smoothly by just writing some utility functions either in vb script or in java or any language you are comfortable with. Automation testing is the best way to do this kind of testing.&#xA;If you trying web service testing you can simply install this free app in your mobile and test with various test data. Download and install in mobile :&lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=rester.restapitester&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=rester.restapitester&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27986" LastEditorUserId="27986" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T11:48:21.127" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T11:48:21.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29545" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="36708" CreationDate="2017-09-14T11:43:40.820" Score="3" ViewCount="253" Body="&lt;p&gt;We want to make sure that our desktop applications run fine at 150% and 200% dpi scaling (a Windows setting). Currently, we change the setting manually and run the application to check everything works and, foremost, looks fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are your best practices in this field, and do you automate such a check in any way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2019-12-31T18:00:35.297" Title="How to test high dpi UI of desktop applications?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29549" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T12:04:51.103" Score="1" ViewCount="9111" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to create a simple loop that iterates through a list of options in a list container and searches for a specific option. When the text is found it should scroll down to that option so it's visible and then click on it. I came up with something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static IWebElement FindListItem(IWebElement listContainer, string itemText)&#xA;    {&#xA;        List&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; allOptions = listContainer.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;&quot;));&#xA;        for (WebElement we: allOptions)&#xA;        {&#xA;            dropDown.sendKeys(Keys.DOWN); &#xA;            sleep(250);&#xA;            if (we.getText().contains(text)) select.selectByVisibleText(&quot;Value1&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need this in C#. Can anyone help me with that since my C# skills are just developing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27988" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T13:08:54.257" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T13:33:36.557" Title="Selenium iterating through list C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29549" CreationDate="2017-09-14T13:21:57.520" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's a simpler way to find your elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; allOptions = listContainer.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;option&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest you learn Linq query syntax, because that will make the find and select part easy (the exact code is not guaranteed to be correct since I'm doing this from memory):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;allOptions.Where(opt -&amp;gt; opt.text.equals(itemText)).First().Scroll();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point you can select and click the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend doing some of the excellent tutorials around for C# so you can improve your general programming skills in the language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T13:21:57.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29551" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29549" CreationDate="2017-09-14T13:33:36.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For working with options, please use the SelectElement class which will redure your effort to about two lines of code. Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;&#xA;&#xA; var selectElement = new SelectElement(driver.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;dropdown&quot;));&#xA;&#xA; selectElement.SelectByText(&quot;thisWillBeSelected&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T13:33:36.557" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29552" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29555" CreationDate="2017-09-14T14:00:14.237" Score="5" ViewCount="336" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm doing QA since a while now and I am content with my job. However one thing I'm not so sure about is the value of being QA. The reason why I am asking this is because I see far more developers being employed than testers are. At least in my company I am the only one, who is doing QA and we are consisting of &gt;10 employees.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By any means I don't say or otherwise imply, that testers aren't needed. For what I know basically developers and QA have the same goal but their duties to achieve that goal differs but it works in a ying-yang methodology. One doesn't really work without the other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is more like (1) are QA valued in today's times as much as developers are in companies or why are QA not so much demanded as developers are? Or am I not seeing the actual value of being QA? Sure, one QA candidate can cover multiple developers but that's beside the point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) Also is it better to be QA or Developer or are both positions similar but dependent on personal preferences? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) And how about the prestigious perspective of both positions? Are they similar or is one advantaged over the other? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would &lt;strong&gt;really&lt;/strong&gt; appreciate detailed answers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27993" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T14:24:47.617" Title="How important is doing QA considered today (2017)?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29552" CreationDate="2017-09-14T14:46:27.993" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;(1a) In my country I believe there is a higher demand for testers if you compare it to the amount of possible candidates. Of course, there will never be more testers than developers, because as you already note one tester should be able to cover a few developers. But if there are 100 available developer jobs and 10 available testing jobs, and 100 available developers and 5 available testers, it is much harder to find a tester even though the numbers could depict otherwise. Of course, this highly depends on country, and maybe even region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1b) For me personally I feel that developers are a bit more valued because more people are affected by them. They produce some code which runs in production eventually, and people all around the company and a lot of customers will use it. Thus, value for the developers is given easily from multiple different sources. Testers though will never produce something that people outside of the team will notice. This feels like a skewed validation, but I don't think there is anything we can do about it. In the end I try to feel appreciation when a developers code is appreciated and I know that I tested it very thoroughly and a lot of defects are fixed before it was up and running in production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) In my opinion neither of the positions is &quot;better&quot;. They both add value in their own discipline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(3) I guess that developers get more prestige because their jobs are better known to the average individual, or even to the HR person who wants to hire you at your next company. Also as noted at (1) developers really produce something that other can appreciate, while testers only assure that the quality of such a produced piece of code is up to standards. Of course, you could ask yourself who should get the prestige in the end: the developer who produced code that is not yet up to standards, the tester who found defects so that it will be up to standards after they are fixed, or the developer who fixed those defects? In my opinion there is only one answer: all three of them. But as said earlier: it is hard to give prestige to people who's jobs are hard to notice - especially for outsiders (customers, etc.), as is of testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next to these points, I'd like to add that there are enough real-life examples where thorough testing could have saved &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therac-25&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;people&lt;/a&gt;! Of course, most testing jobs cannot save people, but still it depicts the importance of the testing jobs. For the average human incidents like Therac-25 or security problems (like lately with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.equifaxsecurity2017.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Equifax&lt;/a&gt;) are best grabbed if you really want to show off why testing jobs are important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I believe that we are more and more in a transition into appreciating testing jobs more and more, and I believe that testers will be demanded more and more over the next couple of years, especially if incidents like mentioned above keep happening. Important persons in businesses also note those, and smaller ones in their own company, resulting in them thinking more about the qu&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22660" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T14:46:27.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29552" CreationDate="2017-09-14T14:48:08.850" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that, by definition, this is going to be opinion based.  However, this seems to be a cry for help, or assurance, or something similar, and I don't want to not respond to that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Short version:  it depends on the company, and the industry.  There do seem to be some companies that seem fine with letting their clients do all the testing.  Some companies prioritize release velocity above all else, and QA &quot;gets in the way.&quot;  Often, this will continue until things go horribly, horribly wrong, or their clients won't let them get away with shoddy products anymore (often when they have competition), or when they get regulated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To try to answer your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  They can be.  At some level, developers have to come first; you can have developers without QA people; you can't have QA people without developers.  So there's often a perception that developers can do their own QA.  And sometimes, they can, depending on the product/usage model/etc.  However, they often can't do it very well, for a variety of reasons.  QA will be seen as important in companies that, for whatever reason, value reliability/user friendliness/etc.  Much more importantly, &lt;strong&gt;developers&lt;/strong&gt; will see QA is important in such places as well.  If you're in a company where developers and QA folks are seen as enemies, not collaborators, the experience can be difficult.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)  That's a value judgement, and it depends on the type of testing being done.  The closer you are to the internals of the product, the more similar the development and test skill set is going to be.  If you're doing white box testing, for example, you need to understand how to program.  And some types of testing require programming skills as well, to build test frameworks, or automation, or whatever.  Other sorts of testing might just require system skills, or data analysis skills, or so on.  In my job, in my opinion, a lot of it depends on what scope of the system you're interested in.  The developers I work with are incredibly talented, and they understand their area of expertise incredibly well.  So individually, they know things like queue theory, and memory allocation, and machine logic, and assembler programming, much better than I do.  However, that's almost all they know.  They are very deep, but not very wide.  I, however, know all of those things, but nowhere near as deeply as they do.  So I see a lot more of the system then they do, and I can work with clients a lot better then they can, in general.  If a client has a very specific question about dispatching, they would want to talk to a developer, but if they want general information about to how best run their system, they would talk to me.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)  Again, it's very much company/product based.  In my area, both developers and testers have a career path that can take them to the same executive levels.  There are more developers then there are testers, but testers are seen as having unique insights at a system level that developers almost never have.  When we get awards, testers get them along with developers.  And our executives/project planners/etc trust us; if we say something isn't ready, it doesn't ship.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, QA is almost always going to be at a disadvantage perceptually, because we're the stop sign.  The value we add is by making the product better overall, and if we're doing our jobs well, no one notices, because the problems don't make it to the field for someone to complain about.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T14:48:08.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29556" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29594" CreationDate="2017-09-14T14:49:23.250" Score="-1" ViewCount="56" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to write a java program to find unique patterns for API URLs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I have a file which contains 10000  API URLs with duplicates&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;api.csv:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://abc.com/XMLFeed?clientkey=abtc&amp;amp;type=Products&amp;amp;ProductID=111&amp;amp;location=145&#xA;http://def.com/XMLFeed?clientkey=dewf&amp;amp;type=Products&amp;amp;ProductID=345&amp;amp;location=321&#xA;http://ghy.com/XMLFeed?clientkey=ghty&amp;amp;type=stores&amp;amp;ProductID=763&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unique patterns means removing duplicates like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[clientkey,type,ProductID,location]&#xA;&#xA;[clientkey,type,ProductID]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://abc.com/XMLFeed?clientkey=abtc&amp;amp;type=Products&amp;amp;ProductID=111&amp;amp;location=145&#xA;http://ghy.com/XMLFeed?clientkey=ghty&amp;amp;type=stores&amp;amp;ProductID=763&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T17:50:41.180" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T17:50:41.180" Title="How to write a java programme to find unique patterns by removing duplicates for API urls?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;excel&gt;&lt;java-gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29552" CreationDate="2017-09-14T15:12:25.913" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It all depends on your local market and your personal skills, but in general:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers wold be always rated (slightly) higher, because they generate a billable product (profit center) while QA provide services for it (cost center). Average manager will try to do the least amount of QA work which will satisfy the quality requirements, but not more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA automation is great start to become a developer (for a manual tester who wants to become a developer). Try it. You may find you like, or you might find you do not. You will find that being (good) developer is really hard, you need to keep much more things in your head than even QA automation programmer/test developer. It is not for everybody.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I worked as both developer, QA automation tester, and manual tester. I found being developer as hardest, manual tester bit boring, and QA automation tester most fun.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T12:29:31.010" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T12:29:31.010" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29486" CreationDate="2017-09-14T15:50:51.817" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With my data driven tests, I have a single test and I push my data through that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test could be written in anything that accepts parameters.  The data you are using should have the inputs as well as the expected outputs (the expected result of the test based on the inputs).  Therefore you write one test case but can test with as many variations as you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I frequently use Excel to create my test data for data-driven tests.  SoapUI has built in support for this in the form of data sources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You define each column in the spreadsheet so you can use each cell as a parameter to the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You build the test steps, including the check to verify the expected result versus actual result&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then loop....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a link to a JUnit example &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/wiki/Parameterized-tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/wiki/Parameterized-tests&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T15:50:51.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29559" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T16:14:42.383" Score="5" ViewCount="1215" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; d=driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;store-name&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(d.size());&#xA;for(WebElement d1:d) {&#xA;    System.out.println(d1.getText());&#xA;    d1.click();&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement e=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;comp-contact&quot;));&#xA;    e.getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(e.getText());&#xA;    Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; &#xA;    js.executeScript(&quot;window.history.go(-1)&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After executing my above code, It's giving me following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: stale: either the&#xA;element is no longer attached to the DOM or the page has been refreshed&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to solve this error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27998" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T14:28:08.993" LastActivityDate="2018-09-27T18:03:33.353" Title="org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: stale: either the element is no longer attached to the DOM or the page has been refreshed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29561" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3662" CreationDate="2017-09-14T19:01:36.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As mentioned above, you can use script properties and a data source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Data source is my preference as you can build data driven tests, but not in the free version.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also create a Groovey step that can either return a const or calculated value and then access that value in your request as described above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T19:01:36.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T19:05:00.923" Score="1" ViewCount="1004" Body="&lt;p&gt;My selenium test in C# works fine locally, but fails when it is run by the automated build. This is the error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;2017-09-13T00:33:05.1795606Z&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;[error]OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException: The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server for URL&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:26888/session/c538ded8-515b-4a93-8862-4756db443110/element/877e16fe-bc77-4125-9b0f-79edc66547c0/click&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:26888/session/c538ded8-515b-4a93-8862-4756db443110/element/877e16fe-bc77-4125-9b0f-79edc66547c0/click&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;  timed out after 60 seconds. ---&gt; System.Net.WebException: The&#xA;  operation has timed out 2017-09-13T00:33:05.1795606Z ##[error]Stack&#xA;  Trace: 2017-09-13T00:33:05.1795606Z ##[error]    at&#xA;  System.Net.HttpWebRequest.GetResponse() 2017-09-13T00:33:05.1795606Z&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;h2&gt;[error]   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.CreateResponse(WebRequest&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;request) 2017-09-13T00:33:05.1795606Z ##[error] --- End of inner&#xA;  exception stack trace --- 2017-09-13T00:33:05.1951843Z ##[error]    at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.CreateResponse(WebRequest&#xA;  request) 2017-09-13T00:33:05.1951843Z ##[error]   at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.Execute(Command&#xA;  commandToExecute) 2017-09-13T00:33:05.1951843Z ##[error]   at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.DriverServiceCommandExecutor.Execute(Command&#xA;  commandToExecute) 2017-09-13T00:33:05.1951843Z ##[error]   at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.Execute(String&#xA;  driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)&#xA;  2017-09-13T00:33:05.1951843Z ##[error]   at&#xA;  OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebElement.Click()&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OS: Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard&#xA;BROWSER: IE 11&#xA;Selenium.WebDriver.IEDriver: version=&quot;3.5.1&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried adding implicit wait and also thread.sleep before the click, but they did not help.&#xA;I increased the timeout seconds to 180 by using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(ieDriverService, options, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(180));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;instead of &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But that did not help either. The operation still times out. Does anyone know why this is happening and how I can resolve it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update 1: The same test passed successfully by automated build when I used PhantomJS instead of IE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update 2: The remote machine is allowing user interaction. I have some other clicks in my code that work fine during the automated build. It is just this one link that opens a page that includes a script editor (in silverlight) that times out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update 3: It is AFTER the Click that the page hangs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update 4: This problem is resolved by moving to a new build server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28001" LastEditorUserId="28001" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T17:17:34.200" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T17:17:34.200" Title="Automated build throws an exception - Click times out after 60 seconds" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27198" CreationDate="2017-09-14T19:17:53.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed a funny where any test in SoapUI would fail until I had tried test connection from the environments and connections screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I do that, all tests with jdbc are fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's as though I needed to 'blow the air out of the pipe'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T19:17:53.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29564" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29537" CreationDate="2017-09-14T19:18:47.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think what you're looking for is the getCapabilities method for the browser global. In general this would work something like the following if you went down this path. Personally, I'd consider how you might break this down into multiple test scenarios without conditional logic guiding the expected outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.getCapabilities().then(function(caps) {&#xA;  if (caps.get('browserName') === 'chrome') {&#xA;    // do something related to chrome&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T19:18:47.267" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29565" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-14T20:49:45.230" Score="2" ViewCount="295" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are working with Selenium webdriver to make UI tests for Internet Explorer 11. &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;In the tested webapplication there are several screens popping up. In several tests we end up with three browserswindows, so also three Driver.WindowHandles. &lt;br/&gt;To switch from one WindowHandle to the other we expected that Driver.WindowHandles would be sorted like the oldest windows first and the newest windows last. But this is not the case: It is totaly random! &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Because a windowhandle is a GUID we ended up creating a dictionary with the WindowHandle GUID as key with the value of the type of page which is loaded in the browserwindow.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;But this also results in maintaining the dictionary when closing a window for instance. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;This seems to be a lot of work for such a simple matter. Is there a better solution for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27885" LastEditorUserId="27885" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T10:45:36.453" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T10:45:36.453" Title="Keeping track of windowhandles with Selenium in Internet Explorer 11" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ie11&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29566" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29565" CreationDate="2017-09-14T20:57:37.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Troubles with handling multiple windows is one of common traps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/4-work-with-multiple-windows&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Elemental Selenium&lt;/a&gt; has great explanation (and more interesting articles about common traps).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Catch is: order of windows is not guaranteed between browsers (it is not specified by standards). Google will give you many posts about this trap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-14T21:19:39.823" LastActivityDate="2017-09-14T21:19:39.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29567" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29588" CreationDate="2017-09-15T00:20:26.373" Score="37" ViewCount="10326" Body="&lt;p&gt;Whenever our developer fixes a bug, he or she just posts &quot;Fixed in version x.x.x.x, please test&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We, the QA team, have requested developers to be as detailed as possible about what caused a problem and how he or she fixed it, but they still keep doing it (we don't want to think they are lazy or that this is not our business, of course). It does not always make sense for a developer to do it, but we think that knowing the strategy behind a fix, what caused it, can really be beneficial for the overall quality of the product and, we think, this is something that both teams have to contribute to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This additional information, for instance, may help a tester to find similar issues in other parts of the application or can provide ideas for exploratory testing of a fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we convince developers to explain a bugfix in a more detailed way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2020-12-20T12:27:03.610" Title="Asking a developer to be explicit about how a bug was fixed" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;programmer-relations&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="16" CommentCount="23" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29568" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-15T01:05:38.513" Score="2" ViewCount="81" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a good example of a Test Strategy for a Data Centre Move.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My company is physically moving locations. This means that our IT Systems will need to be migrated as part of physical servers moves or the IT Systems will need to be migrated to the cloud.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I'm looking for a good example of a Test Strategy we can use for our move.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24279" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T02:51:29.193" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T23:42:01.113" Title="Test Strategy for a Data Centre Move" Tags="&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;&lt;data&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-09-29T11:35:05.757" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29570" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29579" CreationDate="2017-09-15T05:49:43.413" Score="-1" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regex pattern need to find below url values in bold color&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://abc.com/XMLFeed?clientkey=&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://abc.com/XMLFeed?clientkey=&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;abtc&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;amp;type=&lt;strong&gt;Products&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;amp;ProductID=&lt;strong&gt;111&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;amp;location=&lt;strong&gt;145&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[=**abtc**&amp;amp;&#xA; =**Products**&amp;amp;&#xA; =**111**&amp;amp;&#xA; =**145**]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T12:31:24.533" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T12:31:24.533" Title="How to write Regex pattern to find a string between '=' and before '&amp;' with after last '=' of URL" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;string&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-09-15T12:41:13.170" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29571" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29626" CreationDate="2017-09-15T06:02:49.957" Score="0" ViewCount="3433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wanna test login functionality of a website using JMeter. I wanna test it using multiple credentials at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28008" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T06:10:29.070" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T09:32:28.137" Title="How we can test login functionality, with different credentials at same time using JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29572" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-15T06:37:37.627" Score="1" ViewCount="135" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which testing tools are currently used for mobile application testing for both IOS application or Android application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What skills are required for mobile application testing automation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27987" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T12:30:52.297" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T12:30:52.297" Title="Automation tool for mobile application(IOS and Android)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-15T06:38:41.693" Score="3" ViewCount="346" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to dynamically generate &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; blocks based on the values returned by a promise. Something along these lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('Main Page', function() {&#xA;    var rowNumber=event.script1(); //---Getting promise return value from other.js file&#xA;&#xA;    describe('my loopy test', function() {&#xA;        rowNumber.then(function(result) {&#xA;            console.log(result.row) //printing row number: 2&#xA;            let myData = parseInt(result.row) //passed to integer&#xA;&#xA;            console.log(myData) ; //printing row numbe r:2&#xA;            for (let i = 0; i &amp;lt; myData; i++) {&#xA;                it('gets ' + myData + 'loopy', function () {&#xA;                    console.log(myData);&#xA;                });&#xA;            };&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This does not work now, jasmine does not generate &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; tests here. How should I approach the problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17729" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T13:12:03.340" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T13:42:11.500" Title="Multiple protractor tests creation using loops based on returned promise value" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T06:49:39.077" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't expect developers to repeat what they coded in natural language. It would take time and effort they don't care about. At best you will get two sentences which reveal hardly anything (usually - I have had cases where a one-line comment from a developer triggered a few alarm bells).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The good news is: there is a fairly easy manner to check fixes as a tester. (Of course, the fact that you're asking the question makes me somewhat fear you don't have this possibility). One caveat is that you must be able to read code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming that your team works with code versioning, every check-in by a developer (&lt;strong&gt;changesets&lt;/strong&gt; in TFS, &lt;strong&gt;commits&lt;/strong&gt; in GIT) gets a unique number. If the developer makes the link with the defect during check-in, you'll even see the link appear in the defect item as well. If that's not the case, you can always consult the commit history, where you will see check-ins related to fixes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you know the number, you can simply open it and see the code changes that occurred. Looking at before/after comparisons in this way can really give you excellent insights as tester. It can also help you greatly in reducing and focusing testing effort, e.g. if you see a list of hard-coded values in code, you'll know if a certain value is missing before you even tried it via the GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another plus is that &lt;strong&gt;this approach takes no extra effort from developers&lt;/strong&gt;. Of course, after looking at the changeset you can always go and ask a developer a more specific question which will get answered more readily than &lt;em&gt;Tell me everything you did for this defect and how and why&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T06:49:39.077" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T07:07:43.833" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I understand where you are coming from, asking this question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is fairly important for us as testers to understand the fix. Not necessarily from a coding pov but to understand it as much as we know how to assess if the change will or will not be impactful on other areas of the application. We`ve had success in just talking to the developer and stating the above(some understand others are a bit more hard-headed, cannot win them all unfortunately)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, there are means, we as testers, can understand if a certain fix on a specific area of the SUT will have potential to cause regressions on the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some specific means we can inspect the changes by ourselves:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continuous integration means that we should have access to the commits/branches/deploys that the DEV team are doing, and we can see what the changes have been and what areas are affected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Certain tools, like TFS and MTM scan the change made, and can suggest you a set of tests that cover the impacted area.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On how you should convince devs to share that, my answer would be that you are self sufficient enough to find out by yourselves. Do not rely on a DEV to babyfeed you stuff when you can find it out by yourself, and to me this feels a bit more satisfactory(and you can learn a bunch).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7968" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T07:07:43.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T07:20:50.883" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that this question has two answers depending on the qualities of your QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your QA team can read code, they can look at the commit(s) where the bugs are fixed - if you use a version control system. In this way your team can analyse the changes themselves, meaning you don't need any information or time from someone else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your QA team cannot read code (or at least only a minor percentage of the whole), you should keep asking the developers to provide more information so that you can spot the bugs earlier from now on. It will help if you keep giving good arguments for the developers to provide you with more information, as it could feel for them as wasting time because the bug is already fixed. Possible arguments are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Improving regression testing. If you know a bug is caused by f.e. a for-loop not being executed for the last element, you will add more test cases to your regression test that cover that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Improve automated testing. The same argumentation holds as above.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It will help you spot these bugs earlier the next them, resulting in the bugs being fixed sooner the next time, meaning the product can be released sooner.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can perform &quot;white-box testing&quot; next to &quot;black-box testing&quot;. If you know what parts of the code has changed, you can use different testing techniques that are more applicable. It will take more time (most of the times) if you use black-box testing techniques, because you don't know what parts of the codebase have been changed. If you use white-box testing techniques, you can test the more precisely at those parts of the codebase that have been changed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, it could still be that the developers are not convinced and they do not provide the extra information the next time. But trying to get such a rhythm into the process will hopefully result in them doing it upfront (before you need to ask about it) in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22660" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T07:20:50.883" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29578" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29627" CreationDate="2017-09-15T09:27:06.617" Score="0" ViewCount="452" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scenario - I want to test the performance of uploading feature of the application, In my case with the recording, I am not able to upload a video.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27879" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T14:24:29.170" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T04:40:52.393" Title="How to upload a video using JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29570" CreationDate="2017-09-15T09:37:39.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This regex captures all variable parameters in your url. To get the last one, simply iterate through the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;(?&amp;lt;==).*?(?=&amp;amp;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://regexstorm.net/tester?p=%28%3F%3C%3D%3D%29.*%3F%28%3F%3D%26%29&amp;amp;i=http%3A%2F%2Fabc.com%2FXMLFeed%3Fclientkey%3Dabtc%26type%3DProducts%26ProductID%3D111%26location%3D145&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Demo here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T09:37:39.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29580" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-15T09:38:38.547" Score="1" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to write automated tests for a Safari extension with Selenium, but I don't find any documentation how to use the new Safari built-in WebDriver to access an installed Safari extension. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28014" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T13:20:22.160" Title="Safari extension testing with Selenium built-in WebDriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;safari&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29520" CreationDate="2017-09-15T09:50:17.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every Example in a Gherkin file will execute as a test. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;So when you want to use every user credential you would also have to switch the environment via the Gherkin file. In this way every test will execute with the right credentials.&#xA;So when you want to execute different logins from a gherkin file you also have to switch environments via the Gherkin file. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Then the implementation would be:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;Examples:&#xA;| firstname | username | password   | environment |&#xA;| Cam       | Newton   | 12345dev   | DEV         |&#xA;| Mac       | Oldton   | 12345stage | STAGE       |&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when you want to keep the responsibiliy of switching environments in the app.config, you also have to have the credentials in the app.config. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;You can keep all the credentials for the two environments in the app.config.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;When you are releasing the tests in different environments you can make the credentials dynamic. There are several methods for this, for instance by using tokens which values vary per environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27885" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T09:50:17.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29572" CreationDate="2017-09-15T10:02:45.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appium &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calabash&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;MonkeyTalk&#xA;.. all of them are support for IOS and Android applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I recommended &lt;strong&gt;Appium&lt;/strong&gt;. It is an open source project for cross-platform test automation. Essentially, it is an HTTP server managing WebDriver sessions. It supports tests in any framework and in any language that can create an HTTP request. No app code needs to be modified for testing. Any test is suitable to run on either iOS or Android on real devices or emulators. It supports native, hybrid, and web apps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;following skills are also required for a good MobileApp QA:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programming Skills &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiar with mobile operating systems because&#xA;when doing test scenarios for automation, the tester has to know whether the step can be simulated with the provided API of the mobile operating system. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiar with telecommunications domain&#xA;knowledge for determining the test environment matrix. For instance,&#xA;for a video conferencing application, then the network, SIM card,&#xA;and phone network capabilities play a big part in the test platform matrix. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiar with the general telephony functions and their&#xA;relationship (e.g. SMS, WAP, GSM). For example, incoming, dial,&#xA;rejected and answered states. With this knowledge and their interaction with the other telephone functions, test cases with state transition test methods can be designed properly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T10:02:45.737" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29583" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24319" CreationDate="2017-09-15T10:33:56.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the below, predefined, property of JMETER to parameterize the file name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${START.HMS}testresults.jtl&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It gives a unique result file name.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28019" LastEditorUserId="7365" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T12:29:47.247" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T12:29:47.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29584" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-15T10:48:45.577" Score="1" ViewCount="1722" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running some jmeter tests through command line, and in that command I have the statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -n -t /abc.jmx -l /${START.HMS}Results.csv -e -o /${START.HMS}someFolder&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which of course outputs the JMeter results into a file that is called &lt;code&gt;&quot;xxxxResults.csv&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and its working fine for me. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My question is:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there a way in the command line to give a unique name to the test results folder?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because when I run the above command .csv file is getting generated, but the dashboard is not getting created with the name &lt;code&gt;${START.HMS}&lt;/code&gt; some folder and seeing the following error in command line,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error generating the report: org.apache.jmeter.report.core.SampleException: Could not locate input sample files!&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28019" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T14:36:50.853" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T04:41:34.913" Title="How to create folder with unique name while running a JMeter command in non GUI mode" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T12:51:35.973" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most other answers suggest that requirement to be better in testing is understanding the code - but that requires skills what most QA testers do not possess. &lt;strong&gt;Deep understanding the code is not required.&lt;/strong&gt; In most cases, &lt;strong&gt;code changes are way too complicated and obscure&lt;/strong&gt; for QA to be able to glimpse anything relevant from just reading the code in detail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What &lt;strong&gt;IS&lt;/strong&gt; relevant for QA is to be able (but not required) to browse through the code changes &lt;strong&gt;not to understand the changes&lt;/strong&gt;, but to see &lt;strong&gt;what parts of the system were affected by the changes&lt;/strong&gt; (which webpages, libraries handling which functions, etc), which are good candidates for testing. This would be only as addition to the description of changes/test in bug ticket.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my own experience, while I was able in few cases to read the code (as a former developer for our system) and build a test case to fail the fix and prove developer that fix is wrong, it is very rare situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your developers should already use a tool for &lt;strong&gt;code review&lt;/strong&gt;, so use it too (if you feel description of changes in ticket is not sufficient) - and if they are not, code review is the cheapest way to improve the quality of the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure how it is in your organization, but in ours, every bug has a champion (&quot;internal customer&quot;) who works with other experts to &lt;strong&gt;write how exactly to test the changes&lt;/strong&gt; (in addition to unit tests added by developers). It is this &lt;strong&gt;&quot;bug champion&quot; responsibility to identify what and how should be tested&lt;/strong&gt; (not QA's responsibility). This information is preserved and sometimes used in lieu of documentation to better understand system behavior in specific corner cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember QA is there not to &quot;assure&quot; the quality after the fact, but to maintain the consistent process and communication between all involved parties to &lt;strong&gt;design the quality into the product&lt;/strong&gt;, and provide information about the status of the quality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Responsibility of QA is to make sure that agreed-upon process was followed&lt;/strong&gt; (code was reviewed by senior developers, unit tests were written and passed, regression test passed, developer and champion determined what should be tested), and requested test was performed as described. Task of QA is not to replace all that skills and knowledge what developers and problem are expert have. Task of QA is to make sure all relevant parties participated in the process, not to solve problems for those parties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality cannot be bought, but has to be paid for&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T15:39:47.847" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T15:39:47.847" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T13:06:20.627" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not think it is reasonable to ask the developers to &lt;strong&gt;always&lt;/strong&gt; add a very detailed report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Working software over comprehensive documentation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you sure you are always going to use the data? This just sounds as a &lt;strong&gt;documentation waste&lt;/strong&gt;. I read it as we the QA want you to log all the information possible, because just in case we might want to use it sometime...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you really need it for re-testing? If yes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ask the developer in person (or over chat) when you a really interested or if you are going to do something with the information. Explaining why you need it is better than just asking to supply it always. Good reasons are risks estimation and or doing a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause analysis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do a root-cause analysis with the developer &lt;strong&gt;together&lt;/strong&gt;. Now you can log the cause and actions to prevent similar issues in the future. Handover data like you are requesting loses 50% of the information even if the developer really tried to give everything.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Link commits to bug-tracker-id. Most if not all bugfixes there are only a couple of lines changed. A tester should be able to scan for dependencies or risks for other systems now.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure I do understand why you want to information for further testing, but more data in a bug-tracker is not the solution. Sitting with the DEV team is. Talking to the DEV team is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T08:07:01.927" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T08:07:01.927" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29587" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29580" CreationDate="2017-09-15T13:20:22.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently you cannot even load Safari extensions with Selenium anymore, atleast since Selenium 3.x.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I was building a Safari extension I would write a lot of unit and component test. Then either test the wiring (e.g. end-to-end Smoke tests) manual or with something like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even the Safari extension developer documentation does not speak about testing. Wondering you shouldn't stay away from this platform.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T13:20:22.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29588" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T14:01:53.383" Score="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would operate under the assumption that your developers &lt;strong&gt;are&lt;/strong&gt; documenting this somewhere, since I would also assume that they are good developers who care about good development practices. As a developer myself, I strongly believe that developers should be expected to describe what they've done in a language other than code. It doesn't have to be comprehensive, and I believe they &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt;, if they don't already, care to take that time and effort to ensure others understand what they changed without having to read the code. As the saying goes &quot;if you can't explain it simply, you still don't understand it&quot;, and that's a dangerous place to be if you're touching code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may be as simple as writing a &lt;a href=&quot;https://chris.beams.io/posts/git-commit/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;good commit message&lt;/a&gt;, or if there's a code review involved, providing a short summary of what was changed and why along with the code review. The code review artifact would then be a useful tool for testers to reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also be surprised if, for all but the most trivial bugs (e.g. &quot;The label for field X is spelled wrong&quot;), a good developer didn't put any information about root cause in the bug report after investigating and finding the bug, perhaps along with an explanation of the correct fix. (If there's a change control board involved, this is often necessary to justify fixing the bug in the first place--often it's worth describing several possible fixes based on the rough effort for each.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your product has written design documents, I would also expect that some bugs would require updates to the design, especially if something major had to change to eliminate a failure mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have to imagine they are capturing the desired information in one of the above (commit messages, code reviews, or design docs, though your question implies they are &lt;strong&gt;not&lt;/strong&gt; putting it in the bug reports). &lt;strong&gt;It may be as simple as doing some spelunking of their other artifacts to find this information, or talking to the developers see where they're putting such information.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally, I would go to them under the assumption that they &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; putting this information somewhere other than their heads, and just ask where you can find it. If your developers truly aren't leaving any breadcrumbs about what they're changing other than the code itself, I believe they are poor developers. It's &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cowboy_coding&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cowboy coding&lt;/a&gt;. In that case, then it seems some introductions to basic development practices are in order, but it will be hard to drive that unless they want to be good developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2019-02-26T15:30:45.050" LastActivityDate="2019-02-26T15:30:45.050" CommentCount="16" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-15T14:19:07.073" Score="2" ViewCount="589" Body="&lt;p&gt;The web application is built in AngularJS and has AJAX calls. It is built on Service now platform. Recently the platform is upgraded and there are complete UI changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before the upgrade, we were able to see the list of ticket ids in a web page in HTML mode. The flow was to pick one ticket randomly and perform action on the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the upgrade, we are able to see only header part of the page where as ticket id table is not displaying. After analysis, it has been understood that the get call for the page needs to be sent along with one API now post call which contains JSON payload to view the table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to use groovy sampler as described in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-ajaxxhr-enabled-sites-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;blazemeter&lt;/a&gt; knowledge base . I am able to define the URLs but not the post request payload also tried example sampler with no luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest the work around to solve the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bal8z.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Bal8z.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18696" LastEditorUserId="18696" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T05:20:53.513" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T05:20:53.513" Title="Ajax performance testing using Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;ajax&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T15:34:58.267" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a counterpoint to the many answers saying that testers can review the changes in source, I have worked in more than one place where testers have no access to source code. Their only source of information on what has changed is whatever information is in the ticket. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this situation, developers absolutely must provide testers with information on what changes they made, and cover things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What configuration settings the changes impact or apply to. Many bugs only occur under specific configuration settings, but I've seen first pass fixes cause issues with different configurations due to the assumptions made by the code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any related parts of the application the developer is aware could be impacted. Experienced testers will have a general idea what modules in the software are interrelated, but there is no guarantee there will not be subtle dependencies the developer can see but the testers wouldn't know about.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any related issues the developer may have fixed or refactored as part of the bug fix: if there is an ongoing refactoring effort, this is crucial for testers to know so they can check the other changes as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also much faster for a developer to add a set of notes to a ticket with this information than it is for the tester to dig through the code to work out what might have been affected, simply because the developer can make those notes while working on the item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion it comes down to all parties respecting each others time and effort. The developers I've worked best with have been the ones who give me the information I need to effectively target my testing and then work with me when I find things that don't match my expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T15:34:58.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29591" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T15:59:19.717" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Request a meeting between upper management of QA and DEV and explain the goals of what you are asking. I think the description you provided in the question is a good start at explaining the &lt;em&gt;why&lt;/em&gt; of the ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This additional information, for instance, may help a tester to find similar issues in other parts of the application or can provide ideas for exploratory testing of a fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA wants to better understand the fixes for bugs so that we can:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better test the original issue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better discern and test the other areas that might be affected&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Better understand the systems in play&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Be more efficient in our testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's always two sides... what the dev intended to fix and what actually changed. Ideally those two things are the same but QA wouldn't have a job if it was. That's not to say that DEVs are bad or dumb. Many of the systems are very complicated and we're trying to move at a brisk pace. Mistakes are made and DEV and QA need to work together to increase the number of defects found and reduce the number of defects that escape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes having to explain something to someone else makes you think of things you didn't think of before. Explaining it to QA educates them more about the various systems in play and how they interact which makes them better testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, the goal is to better educate QA on the fix so they can test more effectively and efficiently and detect more bugs. I think everyone would get behind that. The problem, I think, comes with the phrasing of the ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;to be as detailed as possible about what caused a problem and how he or she fixed it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think in some/many minds that is asking for a lot of &quot;extra work&quot; to be put into each bug. I would ask for a brief description in the bug. If QA looks at the brief description and needs more info or has more questions, they contact the dev and get that info. I think that's a good compromise between too little and too much info in every bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were to phrase it, it would be something like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please briefly explain:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What the fix was&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What other areas were affected by the fix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What other areas &lt;em&gt;might be&lt;/em&gt; affected by the fix&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any special guidance for testing? Are there any concerns over the fix? Special areas of focus for testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think this is a big ask of DEV. I think it's something they work into their process. When they finish fixing a bug, they look back at the files they changed and summarize the fixes into answers to the 4 questions above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think after v1.0 of what gets put into each defect, you meet back a few months after it's implemented and review. Are DEVs doing this consistently? Is it too much work? How can we minimize the documentation DEVs need to enter vs how much info QA needs to do their job well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I DON'T think the answer is to have QA look at the code changes themselves. You are then assuming that QA knows all aspects of these complicated systems that DEV works in daily and I don't think that's a reasonable ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7791" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T15:59:19.717" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T16:02:30.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;So the actual question was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can we convince developers to explain a bugfix in a more detailed&#xA;  way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion the best way to convince somebody is not trying to convince, just put them in your shoes. For example, once in a while, before version release for example, you may ask the managers to get help in verifying closed bugs. Managers will assign developers to verify the bugs in order to help QA Team. When developers will try to reproduce and test bugs they will understand what details are missing in the ticket or in the commit message. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my message here is, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't convince, let them join you and be in your shoes.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28030" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T16:02:30.160" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29556" CreationDate="2017-09-15T16:58:40.357" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is the answer working fine for me&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LineMatcher {&#xA;    static Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; linkedHashSet = new LinkedHashSet&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;    public void findBadLines(String aFileName) {&#xA;        Path path = Paths.get(aFileName);&#xA;        try&#xA;                (&#xA;                        BufferedReader reader = Files.newBufferedReader(path, ENCODING);&#xA;                        LineNumberReader lineReader = new LineNumberReader(reader);&#xA;                ) {&#xA;            String line = null;&#xA;            while ((line = lineReader.readLine()) != null) {&#xA;                line = line.concat(&quot;&amp;amp;&quot;);&#xA;                Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(&quot;=[^&amp;amp;]*&amp;amp;&quot;);&#xA;                Matcher m = pattern.matcher(line);&#xA;                while (m.find()) {&#xA;                    String str = m.group();&#xA;                    String cc = str.substring(1, str.length() - 1);&#xA;                    if (cc.isEmpty()) break;&#xA;                    line = line.replace(cc, &quot;&quot;);&#xA;                    line = line.replace(&quot;=&amp;amp;&quot;, &quot;+&quot;);&#xA;                    m = pattern.matcher(line);&#xA;                }&#xA;                linkedHashSet.add(line);&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (IOException ex) {&#xA;            ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA; public static void main(String... arguments) {&#xA;&#xA;LineMatcher lineMatcher = new LineMatcher();&#xA;lineMatcher.findBadLines(&quot;C:\\Users\\Desktop\\New folder\\api.csv&quot;); &#xA;&#xA;for (String i : linkedHashSet) &#xA;{&#xA;    System.out.println(i);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Out Put(removing duplicates): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://abc.com/XMLFeed?clientkey+type+ProductID+location+&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://abc.com/XMLFeed?clientkey+type+ProductID+location+&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ghy.com/XMLFeed?clientkey+type+ProductID+&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://ghy.com/XMLFeed?clientkey+type+ProductID+&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16367" LastEditorUserId="16367" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T17:47:30.303" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T17:47:30.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29520" CreationDate="2017-09-15T18:18:54.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will have to change the environment based on the parameter from the Gherkin file. &#xA;For example:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;Given The actor logs in the &quot;environment&quot; environment with &quot;username&quot; and &quot;password&quot;.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;I do not know how to escape tags in these posts, so change the &quot; with tags.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;Examples:&#xA;| firstname | username | password   | environment |&#xA;| Cam       | Newton   | 12345dev   | DEV         |&#xA;| Mac       | Oldton   | 12345stage | STAGE       | &#xA;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Then in the Steps file the implementation will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Given(&quot;The actor logs in the &quot;.*&quot; environment with  &quot;.*&quot; and &quot;.*&quot;&quot;)&#xA;public void theGameIsRunning(string environment, string username, string password) {&#xA;    if(environment == &quot;Dev&quot;)&#xA;    {&#xA;       string devUrl = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[&quot;DevUrl&quot;];&#xA;       driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(devUrl);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else if (environment == &quot;Stage&quot;)&#xA;    {&#xA;       string stageUrl = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[&quot;StageUrl&quot;];&#xA;       driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(stageUrl);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;Every test will be executed but on a different environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you only want to test on Dev or Stage you will have to switch environments in the app.config.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27885" LastEditorUserId="27885" LastEditDate="2017-09-15T18:24:27.957" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T18:24:27.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29596" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T18:28:30.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is information valuable to other coders so why not share it with test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I am pretty sure the fix is limited and does not require a full set of regression testing I will share that.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it was a database change that could affect other programs I share that.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test could be using some manual queries that need to be changed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a case where it did not work in test but it did in development. Turns out test did not copy a config file. If I had told them there was a change to the config file time could have been saved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28037" LastEditorUserId="28037" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T16:41:28.470" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T16:41:28.470" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-15T18:49:25.153" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two questions here:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  How do we convince developers that testers need to know what they've changed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2)  What's the best way for them to convey that information?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'll focus on 2, as this is what we're doing.  I may come back and rant about 1, though there are many good answers here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For 2, I'm assuming, hopefully correctly, that there is some sort of code review being done, and some sort of function test.  (If you're doing function test and don't understand what changed, that's a bigger problem then just this.)  I'm assuming you're doing integration test/system test/something where you're using the system as an end-user was.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what we've done is have everyone involved in the testing invited to code reviews, and they restructured the code review so that the first few minutes are devoted to an overview of what changed, and then the rest of the code review is diving into the code.  So we can be there for the first few minutes, understand what was wrong, at a level we understand, and what changed.  This both helps us understand the system a bit better, but also what we need to do to verify the fix, because sometimes, the external symptom and the internal cause are not easily related.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-09-15T18:49:25.153" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29653" CreationDate="2017-09-15T19:47:03.890" Score="1" ViewCount="3284" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been researching about how to bypass browser authentication in Safari 10 (or Chrome) in Mac OS Sierra. I have tried the following: &lt;code&gt;http://username:password@URLofAPP&lt;/code&gt;&#xA;I have also tried: &lt;code&gt;alert.SetAuthenticationCredentials(username,password); alert.accept();&lt;/code&gt; and it won't work. Currently using Selenium 3.3 and Safari 10&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16170" LastEditorUserId="16170" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T14:23:44.493" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T19:15:57.077" Title="How to bypass basic authentication in Safari 10 with Selenium?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;&lt;safari&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-16T01:12:46.947" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a developer, and I do add additional information in our bug/feature tracking system on completing an item whenever I think it might be useful.  I target this mainly to testers, but much of the same information might also be useful to another developer who comes across some code I touched and wants to know more (after reading source comments) about why it is that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For some simple fixes, there really is not much more to say.  (Problem description: &quot;The foobar icon is green, but per requirements it should be cyan.&quot; Resolution: &quot;Changed the default color for the foobar icon to cyan.&quot;)  But for maybe around half of all Defect fixes, something from my analysis and/or fixes is worth noting.  After all, I'm the one who invested the most time in understanding the original issue, deciding exactly how to fix it, and analyzing whether my changes might potentially affect anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't expect a tester to be able to understand code, but even for someone who does read code, a brief English explanation of the bug and fix can be quite helpful.  Sometimes in complex code, the sequence of events involved could run through many different functions and stored data, and yet have a single line fix.  Looking at that single line (and any added comment), you might be able to see why the change is &quot;correct&quot;, but it wouldn't always be obvious how that relates to the observed bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here are some questions you might try posing, to be more exact about what you need than just asking for &quot;more information&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;What conditions cause the bug?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is slightly different than &quot;How can the bug be reproduced?&quot;.  A bug report will normally include at least one way to reproduce a bug, and possibly a few scenarios that seem to cause the same problem.  But quite often when I discover the cause of a problem, I'll realize it's actually more general than the reported scenario(s), and/or would only happen depending on something else not described in the report.  For example, a bug report might note the issue is reproduced when you &quot;Do actions &lt;code&gt;A&lt;/code&gt; and then &lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt; to widget &lt;code&gt;C&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, but there's actually a problem whenever you &quot;Do any particular-class-of-action &lt;code&gt;A'&lt;/code&gt; and then action &lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt; to any widget with property &lt;code&gt;D&lt;/code&gt;, while at least one &lt;code&gt;E&lt;/code&gt; is active&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or even better, I might start with an issue that seemed to happen frequently but not reliably, and come up with a way to reproduce it consistently.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is critical information for a tester to properly test the breadth of the change.  For example, if I described the original bug as above, a tester might want to also verify that the problem is fixed for a sampling of actions &lt;code&gt;A'&lt;/code&gt; and widgets with property &lt;code&gt;D&lt;/code&gt;, and that the system continues to work correctly in the same scenarios except where no &lt;code&gt;E&lt;/code&gt; is active.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might rephrase this question, &quot;Are there other ways of reproducing the bug?&quot;.  A subcategory question is, &quot;Were there any existing configuration settings that would have affected the bug?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Was anything besides the observed bug fixed?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course entirely unrelated changes should not be attached to the same ticket.  But maybe two different features were using a common function that had an error that manifested in different ways in each feature.  Or maybe the fix involved refactoring some code in a way that solved more than one issue identified during the work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test team should definitely be made aware if any positive &quot;side effect&quot; like that was noted, so they can test that out as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Which features exercise any of the changed, added, or removed code?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the flip side of the previous question.  Sometimes a code change has happy side effects, but there's almost always a risk any code change might break something else.  Developers should make reasonable efforts at analyzing changes to try to determine what else might be incorrectly impacted, but might miss something, or simply conclude that the remaining risk is acceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a few other features specifically use some of the same changed code, it may be worth keeping an eye on any automated tests for those features, and/or running a few simple regression tests for those features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At one extreme, the answer may be &quot;modified a core library function, so effects could be seen anywhere&quot;.  (And maybe the modification is &quot;obviously&quot; correct, but some other code accidentally relied on the old incorrect behavior...)  It's probably not feasible to run all the manual regression tests you have documented and/or can think of when this sort of thing happens, but at least you'll be aware of it as a possible issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Are there any non-user tools relevant to the bug or fix?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We developers like to create or find ways to get all sorts of information about what the software is doing that are not meant to be visible to the end user.  This includes things like log output, execution traces, and means of inspecting internal data live.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many of these things would need to be configured or otherwise activated, or might even require an external program.  But they're often relatively easy to learn to use, just because the main purpose is to make things easier for us.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Only user-visible behavior truly defines whether software works or not, but sometimes peeking at the software internals in these ways can help verify more exactly that a fix or feature is working as intended.  In particular, maybe in a certain scenario you would expect some variation in the output, but there seems to be an undesired pattern in that output.  Since it may be impossible to tell from one try if anything's wrong, it may be more useful to investigate the steps in computing the output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus, knowing a few of these sorts of tools for your software system can come in handy when writing a new bug report or failing a fix or feature.  If you include some data from such a tool that appears, in your best estimation, to be highly relevant to the actual observed bug, the developer assigned to investigating it might appreciate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully explaining exactly what sort of information would be useful to you and why will convince developers to start attempting to provide it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If developers still resist changing, you might want to discuss these same reasons for wanting more information with a manager, so expectations on the process can be established.  This might be more or less formal, depending on your team's size and style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28045" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T01:12:46.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29601" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6955" CreationDate="2017-09-16T02:40:53.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is super painful. My company ended up purchasing Test Complete to make this reasonably testable. It has some windows spy tools to find that order of objects and good hooks into the system. You could also use a GUI tester like Sikuli.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8665" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-09-11T09:57:07.843" LastActivityDate="2018-09-11T09:57:07.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-16T08:57:52.020" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's be completely honest here: The most probable reason the bug got in was that a developer made a mistake. No problem, we're all human, and if developers didn't make mistakes there would be no jobs for QA engineers. You're asking people to put down in writing, in a permanent record, &quot;I made a mistake&quot;, and it will probably also be a mistake that was very obvious after the fact, embarrassingly so. And you are surprised that people push back on this? Let me flip this question around, if a customer discovered a bug would you consider it reasonable to be expected to explain to that customer how you personally, with responsibility for quality, allowed such an obvious bug to slip past you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things like this are best discussed face to face in meetings at which no fingers are pointed and no names are written down. You can get all the information you need, and people will be willing to provide it, but you must go about it in a sensitive way, rather than gathering ammunition for a witchhunt. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28052" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T08:57:52.020" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29604" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-16T09:15:41.893" Score="2" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on an application which is developed on multiple countries.&#xA;It has common features, and based on country, specific features, which are according to the countries.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We use QC for test management - test design and test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How you created/managed the test cases in this case? Have the common test cases in one area and specific ones in countries folder or have tests multiplicated for each country?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How you handle execution of manual test cases? You run on all countries  or run on one instance the common tests and specific ones on the required country?&#xA;For automated tests I consider having test cases for each country, and run them  on each country all of them  (common + specific).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8824" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-16T15:37:51.440" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T06:18:05.353" Title="Management of test cases and test runs for an application developed for multiple countries?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5267" CreationDate="2017-09-16T09:33:41.190" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Experience is that not setting limits on inputs to functions will create problems. My suggestion is to decide on a range of years and raise an exception on input values outside that range. This allows you to test carefully at the limits and then get a reasonable coverage inside the designed range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28053" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T09:33:41.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29606" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-16T20:41:26.150" Score="2" ViewCount="219" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lKtPy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lKtPy.png&quot; alt=&quot;Amended Code For Launching Browser In VS 2015&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kWIiV.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kWIiV.png&quot; alt=&quot;[Screen Shot Of Error List - 02][1].&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;@alecxe - I have edited the code. But, I still get errors. Thanks very much for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;=========================================================================&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have done this several times before and it has worked. But for some reason, it is not working. I am using Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 (Community Edition - if that &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LfDv0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LfDv0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screen Shot Of Error List -03&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; helps. I have downloaded the necessary libraries and added the required dependencies in MS/Visual Studio. I have also added a picture of the error list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using NUnit.Framework;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;namespace CV_Library_P.OM_09_2017&#xA;{&#xA;    class Valid_Username_Valid_Password&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;        var driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;        FirefoxDriver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.cv-library.co.uk/candidate/login&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        //Enter User Name - Email Address&#xA;        var user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cand-login-left&quot;));&#xA;        user.SendKeys(&quot;testsuccess761@gmail.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Enter Password - Account Pasword&#xA;            var pass = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cand-login-left&quot;));&#xA;        pass.SendKeys(&quot;p@55word123!&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Login button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cand-login-left&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S3Nd0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S3Nd0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Error List From Launching Browser And Going To Website&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="21701" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T07:39:44.427" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T06:04:37.117" Title="Errors On Launching Browser And Going To Website (In Selenium Webdriver)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29567" CreationDate="2017-09-16T21:41:17.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'll start with the issues, then work into how to fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue here is bidirectional communication.  Both parties are failing to communicate with each other.  You're going to need to do a better job of communicating to the devs what you actually want.  For example, let's take your example of &quot;Fixed in version x.x.x.x, please test&quot;  You say you want more details.  For sake of argument, I'll play the dev and play along.  My next reply looks something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Fixed an off-by-one issue in the UnderlyingServerManager decorator which caused it to produce an incorrect hash on Widgets whose memory address was a prime number - 1.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you have details.  There's only one problem.  None of those details are useful to you.  You don't know what an UnderlyingServerManager is (hint: it's underlying, buried deep in the code where non-coders cannot see it), you don't know what Widgets are, and you may or may not know what the implications of the incorrect hash could be.  You have the details, but they didn't help all that much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you are really asking them to do is to help you do your job.  They know that they made a fix, and you know that there may be implications associated with that fix, but you don't know what those implications are.  In fact, since you mentioned many testers don't know the language it is coded in, many testers don't even know where to start!  You need the developers to do the first half of your job, so you can do the last half.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now this is not an unreasonable desire.  It has been said time and time again that developers cannot just code and throw the results over the wall to test.  However, I chose my words to point out that the handover of information you are looking for is not on a clean border between code and test.  You're looking for them to distill the code related information into something that's already fully in the language of test.  That's a &lt;em&gt;lot&lt;/em&gt; more work, and the developers may or may not be up for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fix needs to start with you or someone above you in QA learning what tasks the developers have on their plate and how stressed they are.  You need this information for two reasons.  One is the obvious one: you're going to be asking them to do more work to make your life easier.  It's good to know how much bandwidth they have.  The second reason, which is more important, is subtle.  You're going to need a communications channel opened to properly discuss what needs to be done.  A channel that is capable of gleaning their work load is one which is in a position to find ways to help them out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;You scratch my back, I'll scratch your&quot; should be the name of the game.  Perhaps you find out that there's a QA step that's actually getting in the way of them doing their job well.  See if you can offer a trade: simplify that QA step for them, in exchange for opening the dialogue on how to get &quot;more detail.&quot;  Get them to &lt;em&gt;want&lt;/em&gt; to help you out, and the process is easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next step is to realize that what you are asking for is not &quot;more detail,&quot; but &quot;less detail, in a human readable form.&quot;  They gave you the detail -- it's in the code.  What you want is a version of that which has already been paraphrased into a form that your testers can work with.  I point this out because the developers are &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; going to know what you need.  You're going to have to work with them, back and forth, until they understand what information is meaningful to testers.  You need to train them to speak your language (or learn code, so that you can speak theirs).  Generally speaking, they wont want to, which is why we started with the first step.  Sweeten the deal by finding ways to make their lives easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Make sure management knows that you're doing this, and make sure to laud the developer's efforts once they start doing it right.  Cooperation is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; easy in a corporate environment, especially a remote environment.  Make sure their bosses know that the devs are pulling their own weight.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14945" LastActivityDate="2017-09-16T21:41:17.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29609" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29614" CreationDate="2017-09-17T02:01:52.913" Score="3" ViewCount="1271" Body="&lt;p&gt;First time I'm doing load testing on our server. I wrote a small program to keep posting some JSON files with &lt;code&gt;httpclient&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However when threads are more than 50, the program says &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;INFO: I/O exception (java.net.ConnectException) caught when processing&#xA;  request: Connection timed out: connect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Meanwhile, if threads are around 20 to 30, the server returns me &lt;code&gt;200(OK)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it mean that basic load testing is already failed? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR still I need to analyze CPU or memory or other performance detail, then I can say the load testing is failed, if the CPU or memory are too high.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure how to determine if the load testing is failed. Need some suggestion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26042" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T18:07:58.890" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T05:43:07.430" Title="Load testing on server returns time out" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23568" CreationDate="2017-09-17T06:20:23.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I had the same issue. Specifying the geckodriver.exe path when creating the driver service solved the problem for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So assuming your geckodriver.exe is located in &quot;C:\Selenium\geckodriver.exe&quot;, you could also write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Notice the path argument here&#xA;FirefoxDriverService service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@&quot;C:\Selenium&quot;);&#xA;service.FirefoxBinaryPath = @&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&quot;;&#xA;FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(service);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28061" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T06:20:23.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29611" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13282" CreationDate="2017-09-17T06:22:40.243" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Copied from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-best-way-to-learn-selenium-automation-tool-Can-anybody-help-me-with-a-detailed-learning-plan-for-learning-Selenium-Also-plz-share-the-best-material-to-learn-selenium-testing-preferably-videos-from-beginner-level-to-pro/answer/Hai-Minh-Nguyen?srid=z7DV&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;my answer on Quora&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beside having a good plan to learn something, to be successful, one should also be clear about their goals. You should make sure you understand that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The demand for test automation (and test automation engineer jobs) will only be increase steadily.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Selenium is the way to go for automating end-to-end testing for web applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learning test automation is possible for everyone—remember that even the greatest programmers know nothing about coding initially. You can also check out this energetic article by a manual tester: &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@alicealdaine/how-i-learned-to-write-selenium-scripts-in-five-days-fb45f61e325d&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How I learned to write Selenium scripts in five days&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now back to the topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maths is not about triangle, ruler, calculator, pencil etc. If you wants to learn Maths, you should learn axioms, theorems, and how to use them to solve the problems. Tools help in the process, but they will not give you knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want to learn Selenium and to be good at Selenium, put the tools (Selenium, Appium, Sauce Labs etc.) aside and learn test automation first. The concept stays for long, tools change every day. At the starter level you should know:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Types of test automation (it’s not only about automate UI actions) - functional testing, load testing, security testing just to name a few.&#xA;Benefits and challenges of test automation (hint: it reduces the cost of execution, but test creation and maintenance will be a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dorothygraham.co.uk/downloads/generalPdfs/ProfTesterROI.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;big loss&lt;/a&gt; if done wrong).&#xA;How to fit test automation into software development life cycle and available toolchains effectively (otherwise, tests will be executed, but nobody will care about the result).&#xA;You can also grab some good books to go deeper - for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams&lt;/a&gt; - because the mindset will be as necessary as the tools themselves.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0201331403&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Test Automation – Effective Use of Test Execution Tools&lt;/a&gt; - it’s really old but still a great book.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0130084689&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Just Enough Software Test Automation&lt;/a&gt; - it’s a great complement to the first one.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And while reading, you can start following some &lt;a href=&quot;https://techbeacon.com/33-test-automation-leaders-follow-twitter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;thought leaders&lt;/a&gt; on Twitter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enter Selenium. All Selenium-based tools, no matter how they are advertised, share the same core issues of Selenium itself. There are challenges that soon will grow bigger alongside with your tests, to the point that will render test automation useless especially if it is done properly. A good understand of Selenium’s pros and cons is necessary for you to write tests effectively later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the first step is to see how Selenium works. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/How-does-the-Selenium-WebDriver-work/answer/Alex-Siminiuc-2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This answer&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@briananderson2209/in-search-of-the-selenium-ides-successor-33bc7eaefe7f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; provide good explanation. You can read more at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium homepage&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second step is to experience what you have read in real life, and feel initial benefits as well as the pains. Just pick up any free tool that help you skip through the complicated WebDriver installation and configuration, such as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium IDE&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.katalon.com/?utm_campaign=nmh-quora&amp;amp;utm_source=quora&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Katalon Studio&lt;/a&gt;. Tutorials for these tools are often available for beginners, so it will not take a lot of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, when you feel comfortable with the concept, you can jump into higher-level tutorials with professional problems. If you chose Selenium IDE, follow this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.guru99.com/selenium-tutorial.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;excellent tutorial on guru99.net&lt;/a&gt;. If you wanted to learn with Katalon Studio, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.katalon.com/resources-center/tutorials/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;start here&lt;/a&gt;. In my opinion Katalon Studio is a very good tool to learn test automation. The good thing about it is that you can switch between beginner mode (point-and-click) and scripting mode (write code) at any time, so that you can learn and verify along the way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you can practice and read books at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, you will know what topics/buzzwords you have to Google more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25331" LastEditorUserId="25331" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T08:39:03.700" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T08:39:03.700" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5926" CreationDate="2017-09-17T06:27:13.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Definite no!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you should know what it is and its place inside the whole Selenium project. That would help you understand Selenium better. &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@briananderson2209/in-search-of-the-selenium-ides-successor-33bc7eaefe7f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; provides a very good explanation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25331" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T06:27:13.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29613" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-17T09:10:11.010" Score="10" ViewCount="1877" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a Rest API written in C# and I need to investigate a good approach to automate the tests. There are 2 ways to automate API tests:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI tool (e.g. SoapUI)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Programmatic approach, using some test framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the Cons and Pros for each approach ? For Programmatic approach, is it important for the tests to be written in the same language as the code, or it could be written in a scripting language, e.g. Python ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27728" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T02:53:37.963" Title="API test automation: GUI tool vs programmatic approach?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29609" CreationDate="2017-09-17T09:51:36.277" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Has the test failed?  That depends on the expected use of the app in Production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 20 threads is acceptable, then you have probably proved the app is performant.  If the expected production load is greater that 50, then it isn't ready.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, you need to know what the expected load will be.  Once you have that, you have something to benchmark against.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You say you get a 200 for 20-30 threads, but what I would do is time how long it takes to responsd for a single threaded call.  You should in your java app be able to find some way to record how long every call takes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, as you ramp up load,  by running several tests you can see how the response time degrades and at what point the app fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the server, yes you should monitor server resources such as CPU and memory usage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the server is unix or Linux, then I'd suggest installing NMon.  This is a fab application.  This app will continually monitor server resources whilst a test is running.  You can define how frequently to check resources, e.g. Every 10 seconds for a 30 minute period.  Once your test has finished you can pull the file off the server.  There is a spreadsheet you can download which will read an nmon result file and give you a nicely formatted output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When gearing up a for a test, I would have nmon running before, during and after the test.  That way you can see the point the server is putting under strain.  E.g. For a 30 minute test, I would have nmon running for 40 minutes, which is five mins before and five mins after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to sum up, my approach would be to run several tests... one thread, ten, twenty, thirty, forty and fifty.  Each test to run for 30 minutes, with Nmon to run for forty minutes.  Then you can analyse the server resources and from the test harness see how load affects the response times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastEditorUserId="27996" LastEditDate="2017-09-17T10:07:44.753" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T10:07:44.753" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29616" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29613" CreationDate="2017-09-17T10:23:51.593" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have had exactly the same assignment earlier this year, for APIs written in C#. Options I have (tried to) build a PoC for were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SoapUI&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Postman&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Own framework built in C# using either RestSharp or HttpClient.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In agreement with the test lead and architecture team, we have decide to use our own C# API testing framework for the following reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ease of data setup&lt;/strong&gt;: test project can be added to API solution and thus use (in our case) the same Entity Framework models to prepare and/or check data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Version control&lt;/strong&gt; in TFS or Git, also for the test data.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Easy to integrate in the build pipeline&lt;/strong&gt; so these tests run after every deploy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;More control over technical implementation of the tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T10:23:51.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29617" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30736" CreationDate="2017-09-17T13:44:00.453" Score="2" ViewCount="1519" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using testng dataprovider(using xlsx) for parametrization, I have 20 parameters for 1 method and some of these are optional so not specifying values for optional parameters. When I run my test I am getting below error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;org.testng.internal.reflect.DataProviderMethodMatcher.getConformingArguments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is giving exception: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'Data provider mismatch'(org.testng.internal.reflect.MethodMatcherException:)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In console I can see it's reading arguments and throws exception exactly at the parameter for which I haven't provide value and kept blank in xls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it mandatory to provide values for all the parameters when using testng dataprovider?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25224" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T02:02:07.957" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T02:22:54.163" Title="Testng DataProvider parametrisation using xls" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29618" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29613" CreationDate="2017-09-17T14:35:09.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Postman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reason: It forces us to concentrate on the testing and test cases, and not spend (waste!?) time creating, debugging and tweaking our own test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It works for us, because our API and test cases are very typical, so Postman's features cover it well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-09-17T14:35:09.563" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29620" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29622" CreationDate="2017-09-17T20:11:21.067" Score="2" ViewCount="1134" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get the above error message on running this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using System;&#xA;using System.Collections.Generic;&#xA;using System.Linq;&#xA;using System.Text;&#xA;using System.Threading.Tasks;&#xA;&#xA;namespace CV_Lib_Test&#xA;{&#xA;    class Program&#xA;    {&#xA;        static void Main(string[] args)&#xA;        {&#xA;            //Instantiate Firefox Driver&#xA;            var driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&#xA;            //Old Code - FirefoxDriver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.cv-library.co.uk/candidate/login&quot;);&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.cv-library.co.uk/candidate/login&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Wait for web element to become visible&#xA;            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(15000);&#xA;&#xA;            //Enter User Name - Email Address&#xA;            var user = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cand-login-left&quot;));&#xA;            user.SendKeys(&quot;EMAIL&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Enter Password - Account Pasword&#xA;            var pass = driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cand-login-left&quot;));&#xA;            pass.SendKeys(&quot;PASSWORD&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;            //Click on Login button&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;cand-login-left&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My research revealed a few similar questions but they were not exactly helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12310/selenium-cannot-locate-element&quot;&gt;Selenium Cannot locate element&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34537344/getting-cannot-focus-element-in-chrome-and-edge-using-java-selenium&quot;&gt;getting cannot focus element in chrome and edge using java/selenium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know how I can implement the action class ( in the case of my code) using C#?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I strongly believe that that should fix the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T02:08:33.203" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T02:08:33.203" Title="Error - System.Invalid_Exception - Unknown Error Cannot Focus Element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29620" CreationDate="2017-09-18T02:07:19.403" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error basically means that &lt;em&gt;an element you try to interact with is not interactable&lt;/em&gt; - and, yes, if you look at what element is located by the &lt;code&gt;cand-login-left&lt;/code&gt; id, you would see that this is a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; element which cannot be focused to send keys to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;cand-login-left&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Locate &lt;code&gt;email&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;password&lt;/code&gt; fields and &quot;login&quot; button using appropriate locators:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Enter User Name - Email Address&#xA;var user = driver.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;email&quot;));&#xA;user.SendKeys(&quot;YOUR EMAIL HERE&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// Enter Password - Account Password&#xA;var pass = driver.FindElement(By.Name(&quot;password&quot;));&#xA;pass.SendKeys(&quot;YOUR PASSWORD HERE&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;// Click on Login button&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;input[title=Login]&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T02:07:19.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29623" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-18T02:51:14.887" Score="1" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a newbie on ruby language... Currently, I am using POM (page objects model) with Selenium webdriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my trouble:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As I'm using selenium with POM, I have 3 classes (register.br, login.br and log_out.br) and in my main class I'm calling the objects and methods for executing the Test (test.br)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How each class has  &lt;code&gt;@driver=Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox&lt;/code&gt; the problem is when I execute my main class (test.br), every class called with this ' @driver` open a new browser...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is: How can I do for instantiating each class my selenium webdriver, realizing all the process just in one browser (the process is register, login and logout). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, the process is completed but in three firefox browsers and I need just all the process in the same browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PD: I used &lt;code&gt;$driver=Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox&lt;/code&gt; with the &lt;code&gt;$&lt;/code&gt; in the test.br class and called in every class with the &lt;code&gt;require relative&lt;/code&gt; but doesn't work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26320" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:54:18.793" LastActivityDate="2021-05-03T13:11:50.850" Title="(Ruby) How can I invoke multiples Selenium Webdriver just in one browser POM" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29538" CreationDate="2017-09-18T04:38:14.637" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;HTTP Status Code 500 stands for &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/500&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Internal Server Error&lt;/a&gt; so first thing you should do when you see it is checking your application log files, most probably you will find the cause of the problem there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware that record and replay won't work in 100% of times, modern web applications widely use dynamic request parameters and headers mostly for client state management and security reasons so you will need to take them into consideration as well so your test plan would look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open Login Page &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get all dynamic parameters using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Post-Processors&lt;/a&gt; and store them into &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Variables&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform Login providing credentials from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; and dynamic parameters from the previous step. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The process is known as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-load-testing-scenarios-jmeter-part-1-correlations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correlation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and you should be able to find a lot of information over the web on it. Given JMeter will send the same requests as the real browser - you should be receiving the same responses. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan, it automatically detects and handles &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Cookies&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cookies&lt;/a&gt; and deals with cookie-based authentication&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T04:38:14.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29571" CreationDate="2017-09-18T04:39:53.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record your login flow using JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter proxy Step-by-step&lt;/a&gt; guide for details. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform correlation of any dynamic parameters using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Post Processors&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform parameterisation of credentials using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adjust &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; settings and set the desired number of virtual users, ramp-up period and iterations count and/or test duration.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you want all your login requests to happen at exactly the same moment put &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-jmeter-synchronizing-timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Synchronizing Timer&lt;/a&gt; as a child of this request and set &lt;code&gt;Number of Simultaneous Users to Group by&lt;/code&gt; to the desired value. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T04:39:53.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29578" CreationDate="2017-09-18T04:40:52.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to record upload request you need to put the file(s) you will be uploading into &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation, this way JMeter's proxy will be able to locate the file and properly intercept the request. It is applicable to any file types. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter proxy Step-by-step&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/recording-file-uploads-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Recording File Uploads with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T04:40:52.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29584" CreationDate="2017-09-18T04:41:34.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Make sure  you have &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/apache/jmeter/tree/trunk/bin/report-template&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;report-template&lt;/code&gt; folder&lt;/a&gt; in the same place where you run JMeter from. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you can set location of the folder containing JMeter report templates by amending &lt;code&gt;jmeter.reportgenerator.exporter.html.property.template_dir&lt;/code&gt; property, it can be done either in &lt;em&gt;user.properties&lt;/em&gt; file or via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#options&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-J command-line argument&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#configuring_jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Configuring JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware that your operating system doesn't know anything about &lt;code&gt;${START.HMS}&lt;/code&gt; property, you will need to get current timestamp in other way, i.e. using &lt;a href=&quot;https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb491015.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Time&lt;/a&gt; command on Windows systems or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.computerhope.com/unix/udate.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;date&lt;/a&gt; command on Linux/Unix/MacOSX&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T04:41:34.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29589" CreationDate="2017-09-18T04:43:48.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your question is about how to send a &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods/POST&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP POST request&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON body&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Sampler&lt;/a&gt;, kindly find example code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost&#xA;import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType&#xA;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity&#xA;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder&#xA;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils&#xA;&#xA;def client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build()&#xA;&#xA;def entity = new StringEntity(&#xA;        '{&quot;put_your&quot;:&quot;json_here&quot;}',&#xA;        ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)&#xA;&#xA;def post = new HttpPost('http://put_your_url_here')&#xA;post.setEntity(entity)&#xA;&#xA;def response = client.execute(post)&#xA;&#xA;SampleResult.setResponseCode(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() as String)&#xA;SampleResult.setResponseMessage(response.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase())&#xA;SampleResult.setResponseData(EntityUtils.toByteArray(response.getEntity()))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/groovy-new-black&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache Groovy - Why and How You Should Use It&lt;/a&gt; article for more information on using Groovy scripting in JMeter tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T04:43:48.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29604" CreationDate="2017-09-18T04:58:09.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have sent you reference link for your problem solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How you created/managed the test cases in this case? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/hp-quality-center-tutorial-4/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/hp-quality-center-tutorial-4/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How you handle execution of manual test cases? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/hp-quality-center-tutorial-5/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/hp-quality-center-tutorial-5/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T06:18:05.353" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T06:18:05.353" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29609" CreationDate="2017-09-18T05:43:07.430" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you should be re-inventing the wheel as most likely your &quot;small program&quot; won't be displaying charts with correlation of increasing load with decreasing throughput, how many virtual users are active at the moment, how many server hits per second you managed to produce, what are server side health metrics during test execution, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would recommend the following approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement your test using a special dedicated load testing tool. There is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;variety of free and open source load testing tools&lt;/a&gt; available in the market so you won't have to spend extra budget for that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement your test using this load testing tool. Remember that it should represent real user as close as possible with al its stuff like Cookies, Cache, handling of images, scripts, styles, simulating AJAX requests, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify that your test is doing what it is supposed to be doing by running it with 1-2 virtual users and 1-2 iterations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement monitoring of baseline OS health metrics on application under test side to report i.e. CPU, RAM and Swap usage, Disk, Network IO, your application-specific metrics if any&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the same for your load generator(s)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start your test with 1 user and gradually increase the load until until response time will start exceeding acceptable boundaries or errors start occurring whatever comes the first. Mind how many virtual users were online at this stage - this is your application &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.performancetestingfun.com/bottlenecks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bottleneck&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now you should have more information to analyse, i.e. you will be able to say how many users your application can handle and where it breaks. You will be also able to state if it is caused by banal lack of resources. On the other hand if your application responds slowly but there is a headroom in terms of CPU, RAM, etc. it indicates either wrong configuration of the application (or underlying infrastructure) or implementation performance problems - in this case you will need a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiling_(computer_programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;profiler tool&lt;/a&gt; to identify &quot;heavy&quot; methods and objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T05:43:07.430" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29606" CreationDate="2017-09-18T05:55:31.977" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1:&lt;/strong&gt;  Your first error says that: &lt;strong&gt;Invalid token class/interface/member declaration&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Ans: You have missed basic concept of &lt;strong&gt;Encapsulation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have not declared the main method.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Every code should be capsulated within the: Class--&gt; Method--&gt;Data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2:&lt;/strong&gt; Error Method should have a return type.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;This error occurs because you have not declared any method within your class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3:&lt;/strong&gt; If you are using Selenium 3.0 or greater version then you must have to initialize Firefox-Geckodriver path in your code. &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/26328/what-is-geckodriver-how-to-use-it-in-selenium-webdriver/26333#26333&quot;&gt;Check here, if don't know how to do this.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4:&lt;/strong&gt; Instead of &lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; use:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;Your AppURL&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T06:04:37.117" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T06:04:37.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29538" CreationDate="2017-09-18T07:09:42.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter is a Load testing tool and not a data creation tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It should be used for load testing and not functional aspects. Though it can be used for data creation because of its record and replay feature. (of course with parametrization)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To create data,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to record create user scenario using JMeter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Parametrize add user request (username,details)with csv data set config element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add CSV data set config with required no. of entries (500 in your case) where each line represents user details, user1,India,passwd1 user2,US,passwd2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run script with 500 threads (not advisable but a possible way) or single thread with 500 loop count.&#xA;This will create users with data from csv. After that you can load test your website.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T07:09:42.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29635" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29650" CreationDate="2017-09-18T07:22:43.850" Score="5" ViewCount="1002" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any major performance difference between the traditional way of finding web elements vs using the page factory pattern?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;public WebElement       username=driver.findElement(username).sendKeys(By.id(&quot;username&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;@FindBy(id=&quot;username&quot;) public WebElement userName;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28077" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T13:09:47.670" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:45:08.860" Title="Does page factory pattern improve Selenium test performance" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;page-factory&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29636" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-18T08:02:15.387" Score="2" ViewCount="72" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are looking to move towards DevOps methodology. Currently, we are using Agile methodologies in testing. We, as a team wants to increase the number of deployments/releases in a year. For this, we want to reduce our QA Efforts. We want to create our Automation Scripts for System testing the time, our Developers are creating the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please let us know the path which we should use?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23880" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-05T07:58:31.797" LastActivityDate="2020-03-05T08:00:56.933" Title="How to move toward Dev Ops in testing from Agile" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;agile-testing-quadrants&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29638" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-18T09:00:25.617" Score="3" ViewCount="716" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium IDE gives error &lt;code&gt;&quot;table view is not available with this format&quot;&lt;/code&gt; when launched with the new version of &lt;code&gt;FireFox 55.0.3 (64-bit).&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IDHqq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/IDHqq.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T09:46:03.937" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T09:19:48.857" Title="Selenium IDE Error-&quot;table view is not available with this format&quot; with Firefox 55.0.3 V(64-bit)" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-ide&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29638" CreationDate="2017-09-18T09:23:45.863" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is simple. From &lt;code&gt;Firefox version-55&lt;/code&gt; onwards, Selenium IDE will no longer available to work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer the latest update on &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.wordpress.com/2017/08/09/firefox-55-and-selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;seleniumhq.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21382" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-09-18T09:56:49.927" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T09:56:49.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29640" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29484" CreationDate="2017-09-18T09:36:46.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe defect density report is the artifact for this .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27797" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T09:36:46.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29485" CreationDate="2017-09-18T09:44:54.550" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have one solution which is useful to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By just seeing the Links in the UI, we may not be able to confirm if that link is working or not until we click and verify it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To achieve this, we can use HTTPClient library to check status codes of the URLs on a page. You need to download and add it to the build path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If request was NOT processed correctly, then the HTTP status codes may return any of the above listed codes but not a 200 status code. We can easily say whether the link is broken or not with status codes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now let us jump into the example, First we will try to find all anchor tags on the page by using Webdriver. By using the below syntax:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; anchorTagsList = driver.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need to iterate through each link and verify request response Status codes and it should be 200 if not, we will increment invalid links count&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let us look into the example :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package com.linked;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;&#xA;import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;&#xA;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;&#xA;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class FindBrokenLinksExample {&#xA;&#xA;    private WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private int invalidLinksCount;&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeClass&#xA;    public void setUp() {&#xA;&#xA;        driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://google.com&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void validateInvalidLinks() {&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            invalidLinksCount = 0;&#xA;            List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; anchorTagsList = driver.findElements(By&#xA;                    .tagName(&quot;a&quot;));&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Total no. of links are &quot;&#xA;                    + anchorTagsList.size());&#xA;            for (WebElement anchorTagElement : anchorTagsList) {&#xA;                if (anchorTagElement != null) {&#xA;                    String url = anchorTagElement.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;);&#xA;                    if (url != null &amp;amp;&amp;amp; !url.contains(&quot;javascript&quot;)) {&#xA;                        verifyURLStatus(url);&#xA;                    } else {&#xA;                        invalidLinksCount++;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Total no. of invalid links are &quot;&#xA;                    + invalidLinksCount);&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;            System.out.println(e.getMessage());&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterClass&#xA;    public void tearDown() {&#xA;        if (driver != null)&#xA;            driver.quit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void verifyURLStatus(String URL) {&#xA;&#xA;        HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();&#xA;        HttpGet request = new HttpGet(URL);&#xA;        try {&#xA;            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);&#xA;            // verifying response code and The HttpStatus should be 200 if not,&#xA;            // increment invalid link count&#xA;            ////We can also check for 404 status code like response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 404&#xA;            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200)&#xA;                invalidLinksCount++;&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T09:44:54.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29635" CreationDate="2017-09-18T11:03:49.537" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two key reasons to use a Page Factory:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To centralize the code that creates the objects in one place instead of repeating the same code every time you need an object&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To use lightweight techniques to create objects, for example creating the object in memory but not in the database &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T11:03:49.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29636" CreationDate="2017-09-18T11:05:00.257" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, the same applies to any technological change. It's usually a good idea to start a PBI for a 'proof of concept' for the new technology, to see if it will be able to do what the team would like it to do. If the proof of concept is successful, you would then determine what specific tasks have to be carried out in order to successfully implement the technology and add those to the product backlog, after which the team can take them into the sprint backlog as they would any other PBI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for instructions on which tools your team should implement and how I don't think that's within the scope of this site or indeed any part of StackExchange.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-05T08:00:56.933" LastActivityDate="2020-03-05T08:00:56.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12100" CreationDate="2017-09-18T11:33:01.330" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td[contains(text(),'1-2-3')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;css:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;td:contains('1-2-3')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better would be an attribute (id, class, name etc.) in the element and then for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//td[@id='123-value']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or css:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;td#123-value&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28088" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T11:33:01.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29351" CreationDate="2017-09-18T12:13:23.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check the below Solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step 1:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get the Class ID from IE &gt; Tools  &gt; Manage  Add-ons&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XUZXl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/XUZXl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step 2:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\Settings{47833539-D0C5-4125-9FA8-0819E2EAAC93}]&#xA;“Flags”=dword:00000001&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: 0 is for enable and 1 is for disable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T12:13:23.047" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29649" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="36645" CreationDate="2017-09-18T15:15:33.927" Score="3" ViewCount="794" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I'm looking for in an answer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Concrete relevant(newer?) examples of why one choice is better than the other&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OR, a concrete suggestion of why using a different language is the better choice over using Javascript to test the live API&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm new to Angular and just started a job working on QA for a project with a front end written in Angular.  I'm planning on writing e2e for the UI in Protractor with Jasmine. I need to write roughly equivalent e2e tests for the API, I know I &lt;em&gt;don't&lt;/em&gt; want mocking tests (Unit tests will be written in Karma or in the C# back end directly, I'm still working that out). I want to hit the live endpoints.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thought was to use Javascript for my testing, to keep the list of languages being used in the product short. I've narrowed down to using either Jasmine with FrisbyJS or Mocha and Chai. I want to choose something that will survive for the foreseeable future, but at the least the next 2 years. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jasmine and FrisbyJS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm using Jasmine already with Protractor/Karma&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;FrisbyJS seems easy enough to use once setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does do testing of live API endpoints easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jasmine is an industry standard and will survive long-term&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frisby seems to have gone through a major rewrite and all tutorials I find are from &amp;lt;= 2015 and before this rewrite that now uses Jest instead of Jasmine-Node to run the tests and the documentation on the github page is just wrong in places and I'm having to figure out how to run things I don't even know how to use yet (I have no issue struggling through learning if it's the best choice though!)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lack of newer examples on how to use the framework&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Still in the middle of rewrite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unsure of longevity&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mocha and Chai&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pros: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seem to be a lot of newer tutorials&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does do testing of live API endpoints easily&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not using Jasmine, so new testers will have to learn both Jasmine (which is being using with Protractor for UI) and Mocha (maybe this isn't a big deal)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Seems newer, so unsure of the longevity of the framework/module&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some Background Considerations&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've researched using PostMan or SoapUI for testing of live API (what's the term for this too please??) endpoints, but determined I'm going to have to code regardless, so I'd prefer to not introduce another language or have to pay for another service when I can make languages I have already work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have a lot of experience using Java and TestNG to do live API and UI testing (with a custom wrapper library built around Selenium), so I know what it should look like in general&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm hoping to reach out to someone with more experience in this with an Angular background as I am the QA expert at my position and I have no one here I can physically pester with questions. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I apologize if this is too much an opinion question.  If there's another place I should post this please direct me and I'll remedy with a removal of this question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28000" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T18:54:04.197" Title="Should I use Jasmine/FrisbyJS or Mocha/Chai for testing of live API with Angular?" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;&lt;mocha&gt;&lt;chai&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29635" CreationDate="2017-09-18T16:25:34.107" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design pattern is not a magic ingredient which makes code perform better&lt;/strong&gt;. It's goal is to make code easier to understand for a programmer (by pushing some effort to organize function calls/data/etc to computer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So by definition, your code using design pattern is more compact (easier to understand) but makes more calls (unless your original code before applying patterns was really suboptimal and badly written).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cost of these function calls is negligible, so using patterns is considered beneficial - like using high-level language is considered beneficial, even if programming in low-level language like assembly could made code more effective. And is beneficial for exactly the same reasons: because with patterns, like with high-level language, code is easier (cheaper in terms of time of the programmer) develop and maintain (adapt it to changes in the future).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are concerned about the performance before you measured the performance and found the bottleneck, you are wasting time. &lt;strong&gt;If&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;after&lt;/strong&gt; you found the bottleneck, you may consider how to overcome it. Redesigning it is just one (and more expensive) way to handle it. Usually running tests in parallel, or provisioning servers with better performance, is easier, cheaper, and preferable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't worry about the performance until business side tells you that you have performance problem. &lt;strong&gt;Don't trouble troubles before trouble troubles you&lt;/strong&gt;. Be more concerned about code validity, coverage, flakiness, extensibility and maintainability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes, do use design patterns like page factory, but your goal is NOT to improve the performance of the code, but &lt;strong&gt;performance and productivity of the programmer&lt;/strong&gt; writing (and debugging and maintaining) the code, for a price of using higher-level abstractions in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T16:38:45.997" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T16:38:45.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22578" CreationDate="2017-09-18T19:05:20.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The project reference for &quot;WebdirverTest&quot; in the UnitTest project's references does not include any libraries that are in &quot;WebdirverTest&quot;, it only includes references to classes within that project. You must add the library to &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; projects. As @ChathuD said, the Nuget Package Manager is a useful tool for doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T19:05:20.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29598" CreationDate="2017-09-18T19:15:57.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It can't be done in Selenium (outside of Java's Robot class), but you can configure your test system(s) to login using Apple's Keychain as this &lt;a href=&quot;https://superuser.com/a/343235/476383&quot;&gt;SuperUser answer&lt;/a&gt; points out. As a follow up answer points out, you can do wildcard matches on the domains now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T19:15:57.077" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29636" CreationDate="2017-09-18T22:16:27.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing in Agile or &quot;DevOps&quot; is not significantly different from each other. A team identifying as DevOps is probably looking for even more rapid deployment, but it's the same automation and collaboration techniques you'd be using in a team using Agile without DevOps, just more so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2017-09-18T22:16:27.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17217" CreationDate="2017-09-19T02:24:59.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Espresso has great integration with native development across tools (build, coverage, etc.) and IDEs given that are the official way to work with UI tests for Android. This also makes adoption amongst Devs much higher. Also comes with the perk of idling resources which removes the need of sleeps/waits in your tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28100" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T02:24:59.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28655" CreationDate="2017-09-19T03:47:00.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given you are testing an API my expectation is that you should build your request a little bit differently, to wit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Instead of passing request data in form of parameters you need to switch to &quot;Body Data&quot; tab of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your data needs to be in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON format&lt;/a&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4J9pe.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/4J9pe.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter JSON Payload&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will also need to add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Header_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Header Manager&lt;/a&gt; to send &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Type&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Content-Type&lt;/a&gt; header with the value of &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON#MIME_type&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;application/json&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/rest-api-testing-how-to-do-it-right&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;REST API Testing - How to Do it Right&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware that you can record requests from Postman using JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;, all you need is to just &quot;tell&quot; Postman to use JMeter as a proxy like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;C:\Users\your_user_name_here\AppData\Local\Postman\app-x.x.x\Postman.exe --proxy-server=localhost:8888 &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.eviltester.com/2016/12/how-to-configure-postman-native-client.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to configure Postman Native Client App to use an external proxy&lt;/a&gt; for details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T03:47:00.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29571" CreationDate="2017-09-19T09:32:28.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Login using multiple credentials to a web site with the help of Jmeter.&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;1. Firstly record your script using Blazemeter.&#xA;2.Export .jmx file and the import it file to Jmeter.&#xA;3.Click on your login script. Then go to the username and password available on HTTP request.(If your website is not using CSRF tokens.)To perform this you have to disable this security.&#xA;4. Set your variables names like ${username} and ${password}.&#xA;5. Add a CSV Data Config  and add two comma separated variables.like username,password.This CSV data config read the data from CSV file, where we have two columns.one is for username and another  is for password.&#xA;6. Set the values in thread group, the number of times you want to run the  loop.&#xA;7.Run Test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28008" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T09:32:28.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29659" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-19T09:42:40.490" Score="2" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am logging in with multiple users simultaneously and performing some tasks. I have used &lt;code&gt;View Result tree&lt;/code&gt; listener to store the results. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I see the result of each login and other scripts per user?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, the &lt;code&gt;View Result tree&lt;/code&gt; listener is showing the result for login 1 to Login n, and showing the same result for each script. I want to see the result in the form login 1 and script 1, login 2 and script 2, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28008" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T13:52:40.377" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T13:52:40.377" Title="Can we categorize the result of View Result tree listener in JMeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29661" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-19T10:17:20.597" Score="1" ViewCount="12415" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can some one please explain &lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;);&lt;/code&gt; in simple terms?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank You&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28113" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T10:43:00.880" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T12:05:44.640" Title="Explain System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;&quot;); in layman terms" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-09-19T12:27:55.700" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29662" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29461" CreationDate="2017-09-19T11:02:58.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try it: &lt;code&gt;((AndroidDriver)driver).pressKeyCode(84);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For details about android keyevent: &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html#KEYCODE_SEARCH&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt; KeyEvent&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23898" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T11:02:58.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29663" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-19T11:04:04.263" Score="6" ViewCount="1091" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just started my work on month ago as Automation Tester, after I had some training. I feel I am struggling in the work especially as we are only two testers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is my first job but sometimes I feel I want to quit. If anyone had the same experience, please tell me how long it takes you to get confident and should I quit if I am struggling at work ? I do not want them to let me go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28115" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T17:32:35.360" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T04:07:04.167" Title="My first job as an Automation Tester" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29664" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29659" CreationDate="2017-09-19T11:16:29.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__threadNum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__threadNum() function&lt;/a&gt; as postfix for your Sampler label like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Login${__threadNum}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you will be able to distinguish results coming from different virtual users, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For 1st virtual user sampler label would be &lt;code&gt;Login1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For 2nd virtual user sampler label would be &lt;code&gt;Login2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8lZPD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/8lZPD.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Threadnum function use case&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going forward you can also add current &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; loop number if your test plan assumes &gt; 1 loop. It can be done via &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/Functions/#iterationNumsupfont-color-gray-size-1-since-1-2-1-font-sup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__iterationNum() function&lt;/a&gt; available via &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins&lt;/a&gt;. You can install it as a part of &lt;code&gt;Custom JMeter Functions&lt;/code&gt; bundle using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hElRx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hElRx.png&quot; alt=&quot;Custom JMeter Functions JMeter Plugins Manager&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T11:16:29.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29661" CreationDate="2017-09-19T12:05:44.640" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Refer below answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;WebDriver uses native browser approach. Selenium offers inbuilt driver&#xA;  for Firefox but not for other browsers. All drivers (Chrome Driver, IE&#xA;  driver, etc.) are built based on the special JS Engine used by each&#xA;  browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium WebDriver works very well with Mozilla Firefox because it has a built in driver server. But the same is not true for Internet Explorer and Google Chrome. Firefox is the most traditional browser, thus Selenium WebDriver do not require any additional utility to be set before launching the browser. The Selenium package automatically references towards the default location of the firefox.exe, thus the user need not to set any other property.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you ever get the “the path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver. ie. driver system property” error or its similarly worded Chrome equivalent, it means that you need to install the driver servers on your browser. The driver server manages the calls between the browsers and the Selenium wire protocol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The InternetExplorerDriver is a standalone server which implements WebDriver’s wire protocol&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, Google Chrome doesn’t have a built-in server so you will need a Chrome driver server for communicating your Selenium code to the browser. You can download the Chrome driver server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Founded from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.optimusinfo.com/selenium-webdriver-ie-chrome/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T12:05:44.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29666" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29663" CreationDate="2017-09-19T12:24:10.940" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;“A ship is always safe at the shore, but that is not what it is built for.”&#xA;— Albert Einstein&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to learn new things, you will have to go through all this in the beginning but there will be a time when you will look back and laugh at these days. So, do not quit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I have understood from your post is that you are new to coding. Since there is limited information in your post, so I would rather give a generic answer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a tricky situation, you take longer to complete your tasks and sometimes stuck for hours with no progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It did happen to me too. The first thing that you need is, someone around you who is good at coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Befriend a developer who can help you when you are stuck. Make sure that you are not disturbing him\her too much. &#xA;Whenever you are stuck, try to search on internet and get an answer. If still don't get an answer; note down your question.&#xA;I would suggest that take all your open queries and if possible try to meet this fellow two or three times a day (morning, afternoon and evening). Limit each meeting to 5-10 minutes and ask all your queries everyday.&#xA;You will gradually see that your dependency on this fellow will gradually reduce. But the key is, don't stop self learning and be completely dependent on your helping hand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is a faster way to learn and achieve your goal.&#xA;You can do it by self learning too but that will be a time taking affair.&#xA;When you are new to coding, a helping hand is your best bet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T04:07:04.167" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T04:07:04.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-19T12:45:48.697" Score="3" ViewCount="2253" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Looking For:&lt;/strong&gt; I want to run Specs in Parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tried:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Included in config file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;shardTestFiles : true,&#xA;maxInstances: 4 &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Output I see:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Multiple instances are not opening. Still running in serial.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**CONFIG.js**&#xA;exports.config = {&#xA;framework: 'jasmine2',      //framework Used&#xA;seleniumPort: 4444,         // selenium port address&#xA;specs: ['./Spec/Master.spec.js'],      //inside this i have 50 Specs&#xA;allScriptsTimeout: 50000,&#xA;jasmineNodeOpts: {                   //jasmine framework details&#xA;    isVerbose: true,&#xA;    showColors: true,&#xA;    includeStackTrace: true,&#xA;    defaultTimeoutInterval: 260000,&#xA;    print: function() {}&#xA;},&#xA;&#xA;capabilities: {&#xA;    'browserName':'chrome',&#xA;    'chromeOptions':{'args':['--disable-extensions']},&#xA;    shardTestFiles : true,&#xA;    maxInstances: 4&#xA;},&#xA; onPrepare: function (config_) {                  // before starting the actual TC execution, setup the things we define here&#xA;    require('./Data/waitReady.js');&#xA;    //browser.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T12:49:26.230" LastActivityDate="2019-01-18T10:54:01.657" Title="Parallel protractor tests are still running sequentially" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29668" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-19T13:19:03.923" Score="1" ViewCount="61" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our application, we show warning popup about unsaved data and that popup contains following message with two buttons &lt;strong&gt;OK&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;Cancel&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;You've unsaved data. Do you want to continue?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we look at the message, it has polar question for which possible answers are &lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For polar questions like &lt;em&gt;Are you hungry?&lt;/em&gt;, we'll never have answer Ok or Cancel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hence I think that warning popup should have &lt;strong&gt;Yes/No&lt;/strong&gt; buttons instead of &lt;strong&gt;Ok/Cancel&lt;/strong&gt;. Could someone please help me to understand if my approach is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5218" LastEditorUserId="5218" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T14:25:02.110" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T11:54:54.350" Title="Proper button names for warning popups" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29668" CreationDate="2017-09-19T13:33:22.047" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea is to communicate to users.  Usually ok/cancel is a notification if they wish to proceed such as &quot;Taking the following action will delete your data 'OK' or 'Cancel'&quot;  Whereas the yes/no is for a user specific choice such as &quot;Do you wish to delete all your data now 'Yes' or 'No'&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see these overlap and human nature and language overlaps them as well.  Usually there is either a theme on consistent usage or the Yes/No is utilized in the areas where the application is drawing stronger attention to the user vs. less critical attention with the Ok/Cancel.  Deletes, major impactful actions, etc... would have the yes/no and the other regular less critical navigations would have the ok/cancel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This really depends on the style of the site and how it's working.  There should be a pattern with it though that matches the user intent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S. There is also a grammar element, so which ever one you choose make sure the question is worded to go along with the yes/no or ok/cancel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T13:33:22.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29441" CreationDate="2017-09-19T14:09:24.567" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One way to solve this is to listen to &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/ui-automation/ui-automation-events-overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UI automation events&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;This is somewhat similar to how UI automation is done on OSX by enabling and listening to accessibility events&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T14:09:24.567" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29441" CreationDate="2017-09-19T14:17:47.123" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;There might be better ways (code-wise), but avoiding &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep&lt;/code&gt; can be easily done by using &lt;code&gt;SpinWait.SpinUntil&lt;/code&gt; which is in the &lt;code&gt;System.Threading&lt;/code&gt; namespace.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will loop until either true, or the set timeout has passed (then the code execution simply continues).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An idea for your implementation in half pseudo-code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void ClickWhenVisible(this Element el)&#xA;{&#xA;  SpinWait.SpinUntil(() =&amp;gt; el.IsVisible(), 10000);&#xA;  el.Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;: also, if you look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/blob/master/dotnet/src/webdriver/Support/DefaultWait%7BT%7D.cs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium source code&lt;/a&gt;, the Wait.Until method also essentially is a loop using &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep&lt;/code&gt; but a very brief one. So it's dynamic in the sense that the condition is checked often and the loop breaks when the condition has been met. &lt;strong&gt;So you could implement a similar thing&lt;/strong&gt; (even very basic with a counter in a do-while will suffice).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T07:48:26.887" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T07:48:26.887" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29663" CreationDate="2017-09-19T16:28:46.603" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to expand a bit on Peter's notes in comments, provide some starting points and link resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;A lot of people live in fear because they haven't figured out how you're going to react when faced with a certain set of circumstances. I've come to terms with this by looking deeply into whatever makes me fearful - what are the key elements that get the hairs up on the back of my neck - and then figuring out what I can do about it.&quot; - Chris Hadfield&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would mainly focus on investing into learning at this point. The more information you have about the problems you are facing - the more confident you are when dealing with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To accelerate learning and make the transitioning step shorter, more productive and rewarding, &lt;em&gt;surround yourself with learning activities about testing, test automation and good test practices - make it a part of your life not only at work but free time as well&lt;/em&gt;. I found these two books about testing and Quality Assurance pretty inspirational and motivating:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pragprog.com/book/ehxta/explore-it&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Explore It!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0932633692&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Perfect Software: And Other Illusions about Testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The latter also thoroughly covers psychology and challenges of working in Quality Assurance field. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look into Software Testing online courses on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coursera.org/courses?languages=en&amp;amp;query=software%20testing&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Coursera&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udacity.com/course/software-testing--cs258&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Udacity&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.udemy.com/courses/search/?q=software%20testing&amp;amp;src=ukw&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Udemy&lt;/a&gt; or other online learning platforms. A lot of the material is available for free and on demand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.utest.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;utest&lt;/code&gt; project&lt;/a&gt; where you can put your testing skills into practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQA site itself is full of hidden treasures - &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions?sort=votes&quot;&gt;sort by votes and start reading the topics&lt;/a&gt; - there are so many things to learn here. Then, think of asking and answering as well - this is a great way to get feedback, learn and keep in touch with colleagues in the QA field.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T16:50:07.877" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T16:50:07.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29649" CreationDate="2017-09-19T17:33:16.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;1) If you're testing at the level of an http request your app's use of angular is almost certainly a non-factor. Angular would matter more were you testing at the browser level (&quot;as a user&quot; basically). When talking about http request level testing you're thinking more &quot;as a system&quot; and how it interacts with your api.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) What're you're looking for is an appropriate testing stack for this type of testing. First you'll want a test framework/test runner, similar but not limited to jasmine, mocha, ava, etc. Second, you'll want a library designed for testing a rest api (like Frisby or certain Chain plugins that you mention) or additionally Supertest or any number of other test-focused rest clients. You could even use a client that isn't written primarily for testing and use your own assertions based on the outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Pick a combination of test framework and specific http client that you like and run with it. At the end of the day they're going to do &lt;em&gt;mostly&lt;/em&gt; the same thing and be extendable in similar ways. The most important part is your comfort with the combination of tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T17:33:16.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29675" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29677" CreationDate="2017-09-19T18:07:09.443" Score="4" ViewCount="269" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have automated tests running on our Continuous Integration machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a test failing because of a commit, but this fail has been considered minor, and some more urgent work was scheduled for this iteration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if this test is failing, all other commits will fail until we fix this particular low-prio bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best approach to this situation? Do I change the test for now so it would PASS and then when the bug is fixed it will fail, so we then change the test again?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other idea?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22744" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T08:02:24.357" Title="How to deal with a test failing but with a fix in the works?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29676" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29667" CreationDate="2017-09-19T18:14:59.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As far as I understand this sort of parallel test running, I believe &quot;shardTestFiles&quot; will run test files in parallel but if a test file has multiple test cases those will run sequentially on a single browser instance. With your single spec file I would not expect parallel execution when running your config. However, were you to split them up into 4 test files (ex: Master[0-3].spec.js) I would expect to see a test case from each file start at the same time. There's a comment in the config specification that might be helpful to you &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/lib/config.ts#L295&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/lib/config.ts#L295&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T18:14:59.017" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29675" CreationDate="2017-09-19T18:19:09.087" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would personally...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Log the work to be completed at some point in the future into your ticketing system of choice. This may be a subtask under the development work to fix the application feature itself.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Update the test to be skipped during automated test execution until it passes again (if waiting on development) or until it can be fixed (if waiting on QA/automation).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add a comment to the test case code explaining why the test is set to &quot;skip&quot; and relevant context (including ticket numbers).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T18:19:09.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29681" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29683" CreationDate="2017-09-19T21:19:37.197" Score="2" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are using Jira bug tracking system and have a custom status workflow configuration. After a Jira ticket is sent to &quot;In Testing&quot; status and assigned to a tester and if this tester confirms a bug is fixed or feature is implemented as requested, this ticket goes into this special &quot;In Automation&quot; status and is kept being assigned to the same tester. &quot;In Automation&quot; status is something we use as an indication that we are planning to write an end-to-end or integration test for it (if we think it's worth it and makes sense). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From release to release the amount of tickets sent to automation became bigger than the amount of tickets we automated and resolved. This led to a rather large backlog of tickets in this &quot;In Automation&quot; status (we have them about 330 now). Clearly, we have a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What do you think we should do at this point? And, overall, how do you keep track of what issues have automated tests covering it and what not? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T02:38:27.207" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T07:28:44.693" Title="Handling large backlog of Jira issues" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29683" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29681" CreationDate="2017-09-19T21:36:15.770" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to triage submitted request to develop automated tests, exactly like your developers triage (are they?) bugs and feature requests. Automated test is code, and should be handled exactly like any other code: version control, code review, bugs/enhancement request with prioritization, documenting, whole enchilada.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending how sophisticated is your workflow to handle bugs/features in your code, you might adapt same or similar (simplified) workflow for automated tests, but they are code which need to be handled as code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do all this, you can measure the velocity with which you are implementing automation, and can argue to the management about staffing as compared to work volume.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also pinpoint that with missing automated tests, more manual efforts are necessary (or quality takes shortcuts), so missing automated test have separate cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-19T21:41:17.833" LastActivityDate="2017-09-19T21:41:17.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29684" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-19T22:33:40.563" Score="3" ViewCount="5032" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working with Selenium C# .NET.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to accomplish is elegant, extendable page load time logging within my page object architecture. Most new pages are loaded as the result of some action, such as a click on a previous page. The problem is that when an action is performed, the WebDriver does not give control back to the Selenium code until the page has loaded. This causes the reported time elapsed to be much less than it actually is from a user perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is some code that represents what I'm trying to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class LoginPage : Page&#xA;{&#xA;    public WelcomePage Login()&#xA;    {&#xA;        EnterUserName();&#xA;        EnterPassword();&#xA;        // Really DON'T want to start a timer here and then access it in the Page constructor, if possible.&#xA;        ClickContinueButton(); // Performs driver.FindElement(continueButtonLocator).Click();&#xA;        return new WelcomePage();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class WelcomePage : Page&#xA;{&#xA;    public override void WaitForLoad()&#xA;    {&#xA;        // Wait until some element exists to indicate page has completely loaded.&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;abstract class Page&#xA;{&#xA;    long loadTime;&#xA;&#xA;    // Base constructor&#xA;    // Start a timer, verify page load, and stop the timer.&#xA;    public Page()&#xA;    {&#xA;        // This isn't called until the browser loading indicator has stopped.&#xA;        timer = StopWatch.StartNew();&#xA;        WaitForLoad();&#xA;        loadTime = timer.EllapsedMilliseconds;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    protected abstract void WaitForLoad();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone else come up with a solution to this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The next-best solution I can think of right now is to have a global timer that restarts whenever an action like a click is performed. On the base Page class, I have generic methods for performing those actions, so one of those might look like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void ClickElement(By locator)&#xA;{&#xA;    IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(locator);&#xA;    GlobalTimer.Restart();&#xA;    element.Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then the Page constructor would just access that after verifying load completion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public Page()&#xA;{&#xA;    WaitForLoad();&#xA;    loadTime = GlobablTimer.EllapsedMilliseconds;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel like there has to be a better way of doing this, but I haven't come across a well-defined pattern in my searching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T18:08:23.860" Title="Timing Page Load in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27559" CreationDate="2017-09-20T05:07:03.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you saying, it's working for one page same method not working on another page, so you can solve it yourself, Please go to Android Mobile Settings &gt; Developer options &gt; Input &gt; Enable &lt;code&gt;Show touches&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Pointer location&lt;/code&gt; , then run your automation case and observe the touch action(on which page its not working), change the start point / end point / time duration as yo need, I think it will helpful for you :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23898" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T05:07:03.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29686" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-20T05:22:51.233" Score="2" ViewCount="1160" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created simple TestNG file with simple code to open chrome browser in IntelliJ IDEA but its throwing below error, please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Sample{&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test (priority = 0)&#xA;    public void testCase() throws Exception {&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;mypath\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://www.google.co.in/&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And below is Error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:&#xA;  org/openqa/selenium/remote/RenderedRemoteWebElement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)    at&#xA;  java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)   at&#xA;  java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)&#xA;    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:467)     at&#xA;  java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:73)    at&#xA;  java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:368)    at&#xA;  java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:362)    at&#xA;  java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)    at&#xA;  java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:361)    at&#xA;  java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)     at&#xA;  sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:335)     at&#xA;  java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)     at&#xA;  TestCase.Sample.signIn(Sample.java:34)    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)   at&#xA;  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)&#xA;    at&#xA;  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)     at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:84)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:714)   at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:901)    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1231)  at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)&#xA;    at&#xA;  org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)    at&#xA;  org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)    at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:329)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:291)   at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:240)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)  at&#xA;  org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)   at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1224)     at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1149)  at&#xA;  org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1057)   at&#xA;  org.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:72)     at&#xA;  org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:123)&#xA;  Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.remote.RenderedRemoteWebElement   at&#xA;  java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)    at&#xA;  java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)     at&#xA;  sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:335)     at&#xA;  java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)     ... 36 more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28130" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T08:52:38.100" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T10:06:08.303" Title="How can run selenium script in chrome browser using intelliJ IDEA 2017.2.4" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29681" CreationDate="2017-09-20T07:28:44.693" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keeping issues open in Jira also means you cannot use most reporting tools optimal. The control-chart (to measure &lt;a href=&quot;http://screenful.com/blog/software-development-metrics-cycle-time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cycle-time&lt;/a&gt;) will show very high values. While you want to try to fix and close defects faster and faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would create another project &quot;Test Automation&quot; and clone the issues there, link them and close the original issues. The benefits of having a separate project is that you can give the items a new priority, as automation of some issues might be more important than others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better would be to add test automation of defects to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/done_done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt; of the developers. I would not accept defects that do not have a automated test to be closed. I understand some companies choose to have a separate test automation team, but as you describe this leads to large bottlenecks. I like to visualize bottlenecks to make everyone aware.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T07:28:44.693" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29638" CreationDate="2017-09-20T09:06:51.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have mentioned, the IDE only works with Firefox 54 and previous.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the solution is to &lt;strong&gt;downgrade to Firefox 54&lt;/strong&gt;. But instead of downgrading to Firefox 54, better &lt;a href=&quot;https://downloads.sourceforge.net/portableapps/FirefoxPortable_54.0.1_English.paf.exe&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;use Firefox PORTABLE 54.0.1.&lt;/a&gt; To keep yourself secure, install Firefox 54 portable just for automated testing with the Selenium IDE and install the portable version of Firefox in a separate directory from your main Firefox. This way you can keep auto-updates on for your regular Firefox. This makes sure you are safe when browsing the web.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And once you have done this, there is another issue to overcome: For some reason &lt;a href=&quot;https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the IDE&lt;/a&gt; is marked as compatible with Firefox up to &lt;strong&gt;34&lt;/strong&gt; only - even so it works just fine in Firefox &lt;strong&gt;54&lt;/strong&gt;. So the Mozilla addon website prevents the install for now good reason :-(&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution for this issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download the latest version of the XPI from a 3rd party website, for example from &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/howto/getseleniumide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://a9t9.com/howto/getseleniumide&lt;/a&gt;  (this is safe, as the XPI is signed) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Drag the XPI on the Firefox 54 window - done!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or try the new chrome-based &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/kantu-browser-automation/gcbalfbdmfieckjlnblleoemohcganoc?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenium ide&lt;/a&gt; and give the authors some feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T09:06:51.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29689" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-20T09:08:01.860" Score="1" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's hard to understand how to handle test scenarios in testlink. we always hearing around,&#xA; - one test scenario may consist of many test cases &#xA; - one test case may include in many test scenarios (test case reusability).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in testlink, how we manage test scenarios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28132" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T23:38:09.963" Title="How to manage Test Scenarios in testlink?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29691" CreationDate="2017-09-20T09:42:34.310" Score="3" ViewCount="322" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on an application that has been written in AngularJS. I only recently joined this company, so was not involved in the design or writing of the application as it currently stands.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The development team are looking to integrate automated testing into the development methodology/ life cycle, and I have been given the task of researching testing frameworks that we could look to implement/ use with our code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been following the Jasmine/ Karma tutorial at &lt;a href=&quot;https://scotch.io/tutorials/testing-angularjs-with-jasmine-and-karma-part-2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://scotch.io/tutorials/testing-angularjs-with-jasmine-and-karma-part-2&lt;/a&gt;, for setting up Jasmine/ Karma as the testing suite for an AngularJS app, and while it does seem to provide some useful tools/ methods for testing the code, and could certainly be useful, I haven't come across anything in the tutorial that indicates that it's possible to use this framework to simulate user interaction with the front end, and test the application's responses to user interaction... which is what we are specifically looking to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All of the tests that the tutorial runs through with you seem to be for testing the logic of the code written- none of them seem to test for user interaction with the front end (the web elements).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The reason we're looking to automate this testing is because as we add new features/ fix bugs &amp;amp; role the versions out to our customers, we will need to test everything on the front end every time, to ensure that none of the changes we've made have broken anything that our clients are using/ will need to use. It would save us a huge amount of time and effort if we could just run a batch of scripts against every version of the software we release, to test all of the front end elements that haven't changed between versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way that I could use Jasmine/ Karma to do this, or is there another tool that would be better suited to specifically testing the user interaction with the application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T09:58:58.267" Title="AngularJS - automate testing of user interaction with front end" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29691" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29690" CreationDate="2017-09-20T09:58:58.267" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Jasmine&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;Karma&lt;/code&gt; combination is typically used for &lt;em&gt;unit testing&lt;/em&gt; of a JavaScript application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, you are describing tests that involve user interactions which suggests &lt;strong&gt;an end-to-end testing tool&lt;/strong&gt;. And, there is one that was made specifically for AngularJS applications (even though the app does not have to be AngularJS based for it) - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt; is basically a convenient, feature-rich wrapper around &lt;code&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/code&gt; - javascript selenium bindings. One of the things that make it unique is that it has that &quot;synchronization&quot; ensured between Protractor and Angular during test lifetime of your tests. It helps to, most of the times, avoid adding extra waits inside your tests. On top of that, there are multiple AngularJS specific locators, like &lt;code&gt;by.model&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;by.repeater&lt;/code&gt; that you can use to locate elements on a page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T09:58:58.267" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29686" CreationDate="2017-09-20T10:06:08.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like something wrong is with your &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt; client JAR - it is probably not compatible with the Chrome version you are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Download and use the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;latest (currently 3.5.3) selenium client library&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T10:06:08.303" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29689" CreationDate="2017-09-20T10:24:08.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure, will this answer fulfill your question, but will give a workaround.&#xA;In &lt;strong&gt;TestLink&lt;/strong&gt; - you can add 'Test Scenario' as customized field, so that you can see a '&lt;strong&gt;Scenario&lt;/strong&gt;' field in Preconditions of Test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OorM5.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OorM5.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sHbPj.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sHbPj.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T10:24:08.100" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29694" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30268" CreationDate="2017-09-20T10:57:05.397" Score="2" ViewCount="207" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use one instance of the browser.&#xA;When I run multiple tests, during the first test the browser window is maximized. At the start of the second test, the browser window size changes to the default size. At the start of the third test, the window is maximized and at the start of the fourth test, window size changes to the default size...etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This occurred when using the latest version of WebDriver - GeckoDriver 0.18.0.&#xA;With previous version of WebDriver, the browser window size has remained maximized during all tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I use the latest version of web browser Firefox 55.0.3.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With browser Chrome or IE it works well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All test scripts contains &lt;code&gt;driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea why this is happening?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And how to fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22940" LastEditorUserId="22940" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T15:32:26.437" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T02:50:45.687" Title="Problem with changing browser window size" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29695" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="33071" CreationDate="2017-09-20T11:03:11.763" Score="6" ViewCount="5411" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I got Visual studio Enterprises Subscription from my company and I was asked to prepare the system for testing,  With the help of support team somehow I manage to set up the system but during the research, I come across three terms:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Microsoft Test Manager(MTM)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visual Studio Test Professional&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team Foundation Server (TFS)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am confused that in these three, Please explain me the difference between these &amp;amp; how can I use it for END to END Test Process for any general project?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="1871" LastEditDate="2018-04-13T03:06:51.257" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T03:06:51.257" Title="What are the differences between Microsoft Test Manager MTM, Team Foundation Server TFS &amp; Visual Studio Test Professional VSTS?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;&lt;mstest&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29696" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29713" CreationDate="2017-09-20T12:44:55.130" Score="10" ViewCount="3954" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've recently stumbled upon this new (at least to me) testing type: &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/blog/2016/07/27/jest-14.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Snapshot Testing&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For Facebook's native apps we use a system called “snapshot testing”: a snapshot test system that renders UI components, takes a screenshot and subsequently compares a recorded screenshot with changes made by an engineer. If the screenshots don't match, there are two possibilities: either the change is unexpected or the screenshot can be updated to the new version of the UI component.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone tried that? When is this type of testing applicable? Is this a replacement for unit testing or a just a way/style of writing them? Is it only applicable for the UI tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T11:23:45.577" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T15:03:42.653" Title="What is Snapshot Testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;characterization-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29697" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29696" CreationDate="2017-09-20T14:46:26.867" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This kind of testing is &lt;strong&gt;testing only a visual appearance of the web pages&lt;/strong&gt;, so it is in no way a valid replacement for unit tests (which test internal logic of the modules). But it might be a part of integration/system tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Applitools.com calls it &quot;visual testing&quot; and provide framework for it. Their framework allows to ignore parts of the screen image (say the part where date/time is displayed), compares the rest pixel-to-pixel, and highlights the differences with &quot;gold standard&quot;, if any. With a click you can accept new screen as new &quot;gold standard&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such &lt;strong&gt;visual tests cannot replace standard webdriver-based integration/e2e tests,&lt;/strong&gt; because it is limited to images only. So for instance cannot perform activities which selenium can, like: pick a random a &quot;thingie&quot; from a list on a page, go to different page, and check if thingie is present (or not present) as required by business logic. For that, it would require powerful OCR, and much more programming (and it would be waste of time, because selenium/webdriver can already do it, and much easier).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But such visual testing &lt;strong&gt;is excellent complement&lt;/strong&gt; to selenium/webdriver testing, because it &lt;strong&gt;checks exactly the aspects of the page which selenium ignores.&lt;/strong&gt; So it is excellent additional layer of defense, after unit tests for libraries, unit tests for single page applications (Angular/protractor), and e2e selenium tests (in the order of preference).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I don't work for applitools and don't use their tool, but I looked a demo and the technology looked cool - it is on my list to try sometimes in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T14:59:49.643" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T14:59:49.643" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29698" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29699" CreationDate="2017-09-20T15:41:53.983" Score="2" ViewCount="2616" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on an AngularJS app, and am looking to add some automated testing to the development life cycle of the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After doing a bit of research, and asking on here about what frameworks would be best to use to enable the testing functionality that I require, I have decided to use Protractor as the testing framework for my app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am following the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; to try and get Protractor up and running with my application (i.e. with my existing app, not the Super Calculator application that the tutorial references), but am encountering a problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way my development environment is set up, is that I am doing all of the development of the AngularJS app on my local Windows machine, and using a Unix VM (running CentOS) to serve my app's front-end using &lt;code&gt;grunt&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have run through the setup steps in the tutorial, and have all of that set up correctly. However, on Step 0, after creating the &lt;code&gt;spec.js&lt;/code&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;code&gt;conf.js&lt;/code&gt; files as instructed, when I then run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in the command line, I get the following output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[16:18:39] I/launcher - Running 1 instances of WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[16:18:39] I/hosted - Using the selenium server at &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[16:18:40] E/launcher - Error code: 135&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[16:18:40] E/launcher - Error message: ECONNREFUSED connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:4444&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[16:18:40] E/launcher - Error: ECONNREFUSED connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:4444&#xA;      at ClientRequest. (C:\Users\Elgan\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\http\index.js:238:15)&#xA;      at emitOne (events.js:96:13)&#xA;      at ClientRequest.emit (events.js:188:7)&#xA;      at Socket.socketErrorListener (_http_client.js:310:9)&#xA;      at emitOne (events.js:96:13)&#xA;      at Socket.emit (events.js:188:7)&#xA;      at emitErrorNT (net.js:1277:8)&#xA;      at _combinedTickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:80:11)&#xA;      at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:104:9)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;From: Task: WebDriver.createSession()&#xA;      at Function.createSession (C:\Users...\webdriver.js:777:24)&#xA;      at Function.createSession (C:\Users...\chrome.js:709:29)&#xA;      at createDriver (C:\Users...\index.js:167:33)&#xA;      at Builder.build (C:\Users...\index.js:623:16)&#xA;      at Hosted.getNewDriver (C:\Users...\driverProvider.ts:60:29)&#xA;      at Runner.createBrowser (C:\Users...\runner.ts:225:39)&#xA;      at q.then.then (C:\Users...\runner.ts:391:27)&#xA;      at _fulfilled (C:\Users...\q.js:834:54)&#xA;      at self.promiseDispatch.done (C:\Users...\q.js:863:30)&#xA;      at Promise.promise.promiseDispatch (C:\Users...\q.js:796:13)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[16:18:40] E/launcher - Process exited with error code 135&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My guess is that this is happening because of the address/ port I'm using when running it (i.e. the address/ port used on the VM)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would that be the case? If so, what IP address/ port should I be using? The port that I have Karma set up on is: 9876- should I be using this port, rather than the one from the tutorial (4444)? Or if not, how can I resolve this issue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When running &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager start&lt;/code&gt;, the console shows the following output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[16:59:26] I/start - java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=C:\Users...\chromedriver_2.32.exe -Dwebdriver.gecko.driver=C:\Users...\geckodriver-v0.19.0.exe -jar C:\Users...\selenium-server-standalone-3.5.3.jar -port 4444&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[16:59:26] I/start - seleniumProcess.pid: 11464&#xA;  'java' is not recognized as an internal or external command,&#xA;  operable program or batch file.&#xA;  [16:59:27] I/start - Selenium Standalone has exited with code 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T16:04:19.627" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T16:04:19.627" Title="AngularJS- setting up Protractor to test front-end user interaction" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29698" CreationDate="2017-09-20T15:50:15.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;With the default config suggested in the tutorial, Protractor expects a selenium server at the &lt;code&gt;127.0.0.1:4444&lt;/code&gt; address. And, I suspect, you have not started a selenium server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, one way to approach it would be to use &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager&lt;/code&gt; package to start a local selenium server as suggested in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/tutorial#setup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Setup section of the tutorial&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager start&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And leave it open. Then, run &lt;code&gt;protractor&lt;/code&gt; from a different command-line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to directly interact with the browser without a selenium server. Currently you can only do that with Chrome and Firefox only. Set the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/lib/config.ts#L187&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;directConnect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; in your config&lt;/a&gt; and remove the &lt;code&gt;seleniumAddress&lt;/code&gt; configuration parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T15:50:15.187" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29700" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29706" CreationDate="2017-09-20T16:18:25.863" Score="5" ViewCount="154" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, we do a lot of things when there is a application build job triggered (the trigger can be manual, or there is a commit to the develop/trunk branch, or there is a Pull Request created or updated). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The build itself is a multi-step process which aside from other things does, as a build verification process, the whole test run, static code analysis check and a coverage report analysis. A build would be marked as failed if:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;any of the tests failed (&quot;fail first&quot; mode)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;there is a static code analysis error or warning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;coverage dropped lower than N% (in our case it's 90%)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you see any problems in this approach? Is it too strict and can be improved?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, recently we've got a failed build just because someone did not put a space after a &lt;code&gt;#&lt;/code&gt; comment character in a Python module (which is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;PEP8&lt;/code&gt; Python code style violation&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#some_code = &quot;here&quot;&#xA;^ no space here - PEP8 code style violation&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T16:23:40.920" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T07:57:27.213" Title="When to mark a build as failed?" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;static-analysis&gt;&lt;build-verification-test&gt;&lt;build&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29701" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29684" CreationDate="2017-09-20T18:08:23.860" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The browser already collects performance data, not sure you need to collect your own. You can retrieve it with the JavaScript Executor by returning the object &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/performance&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;window.performance&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;PerformanceTiming.domInteractive: This property can be used to measure&#xA;  the speed of loading Web sites that users feels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/PerformanceTiming/domInteractive&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/PerformanceTiming/domInteractive&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://deanhume.com/home/blogpost/measuring-web-page-performance-with-selenium-2-and-the-web-timings-api/56&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This article&lt;/a&gt; has an C# example how to collect and process this data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is not perfect as the DOMStates stop measuring after the onLoad is called I think. If you have a complex UI or single page application and you want to benchmark individual workflows. Also if you are serious about collecting such performance data from the front-end, I would ask the developers to also implement their own performance objects which you can collect, instead of hacking something into your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The simplest way to benchmark test performance with tests is to just record the test run-time length at the end of the test. I would think if the tests become slower overtime you would get the same signal. If your tests execute good isolated workflows I do not think you need to record individual drawn elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't re-invite the wheel&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So yes it is technically possible to use Selenium to benchmark performance. Still I think this is a too complex way doing it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather research tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://newrelic.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NewRelic&lt;/a&gt;, which records actual data from users from the loading of the UI till requests of the database and back. You can even set it up to show you which function calls happened and how long they took and show it in graphs over time. The nice thing here is these are tools monitor performance of real users not tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do want to know performance difference before you release to production. Run the full Selenium regression test-suite against an environment which records performance data with something like NewRelic. Analyse after the run, possibly automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read this &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackify.com/what-is-apm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What is Application Performance Management?&lt;/a&gt;&quot; blog.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T18:08:23.860" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29702" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-20T18:09:39.543" Score="2" ViewCount="41" Body="&lt;p&gt;Say there is an app (web, mobile etc.). When a backend error occurs, then should the app show the user a summary of the error (and unique error id), without showing any information that could reveal personal info or security issues ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that summarized error messages would help developers to debug issues easily versus error messages which only say that something went wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, should all apps have a bug reporting feature (frontend and/or backend) ? As an aside, are there any tools or guidelines for filtering error logs and presenting them to end users ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastActivityDate="2018-02-02T07:23:45.743" Title="Should all apps have a bug reporting feature?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29703" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-20T19:45:15.553" Score="2" ViewCount="1023" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are making a mobile application that will be communicating with the backend, which also we are building. Authorization of users and application itself with the backend is going to be made using oAuth2. Besides of testing the obvious cases like wrong user credentials, client id, secret etc. &lt;strong&gt;what are good test cases to test oAuth authentication?&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;I was trying to find some ideas on the Internet but it wasn't much helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have any experience in this field and can suggest any weak spots? Any things worth to verify?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21382" LastActivityDate="2019-07-03T17:02:15.257" Title="How to test oAuth Authentication?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29704" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-20T20:14:51.037" Score="1" ViewCount="117" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need your suggestions as I am working for the company as software quality assurance engineer and Business analyst so what would be my role all together? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any special or alternative role for being specific? Or, should I use both for my further job hunt? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28148" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-20T20:27:57.590" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T04:53:18.330" Title="Quality Assurance Engineer and Business Analyst" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29704" CreationDate="2017-09-20T20:44:25.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Job title and position role are completely company dependent and often only remotely related. So it depends on company (and presumably country).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, quality cannot be assured (presumably by testing). Quality has to be build-in, and testing only can show if defect were detected. If tests are itself of low quality, it will falsely report no bugs (when we can only tell &quot;no &lt;strong&gt;detected&lt;/strong&gt; bugs&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I consider myself working in &lt;strong&gt;quality assistance&lt;/strong&gt; area: providing management information on current status of the quality of our product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T20:44:25.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29706" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29700" CreationDate="2017-09-20T20:56:40.253" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I think this is absolutely fine. Since you said you are using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/comparing-workflows#feature-branch-workflow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;feature branches&lt;/a&gt;, only builds on top of these branches are failing. Pull requests are only merged when the corresponding build passes, hence, trunk/master is not affected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The example with the missing space may sound a bit pettifogging, but I think having many different comment styles is much worse:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;# Lorem ipsum.&#xA;#Lorem ipsum&#xA;#lorem ipsum.&#xA;# lorem ispum&#xA;#Lorem ipsum&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what you can easily avoid with static code analysis, which is what you guys are already doing. If your team/department/organization thinks the rules are too strict, adapt them (and/or your &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_(software_development)#Definition_of_done_.28DoD.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DoD&lt;/a&gt;). But having a failing build due to a code style violation is not a problem—IMHO it is actually a really good thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, what you could do is adapt the build pipeline, particularly the build steps. For instance, move the fast steps to the beginning so that the developers get fast feedback. With feature branches, you can simply commit/push &lt;a href=&quot;http://lucasr.org/2011/01/29/micro-commits/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;micro commits&lt;/a&gt; or an intermediate result because only the build of the corresponding branch will &lt;em&gt;fail fast&lt;/em&gt; (you can &lt;a href=&quot;https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clean up later&lt;/a&gt;, in case you are using Git).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T20:56:40.253" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29696" CreationDate="2017-09-20T21:20:13.040" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is also a hybrid approach to that, which is implemented by tools like &lt;a href=&quot;http://approvaltests.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ApprovalTests&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://texttest.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TextTest&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://retest.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ReTest&lt;/a&gt;. The general idea is instead of checking individual elements, checking everything at once. If the contents hasn't changed, then the layout should not have changed as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with pixel-compare tools is bulk-changes. If you change the Logo, each and every test fails and has to manually be reviewed / approved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I work for ReTest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25806" LastActivityDate="2017-09-20T21:20:13.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29708" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-20T22:27:18.767" Score="5" ViewCount="2684" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently trying to implement a base for my automated tests based on the page object pattern with Python, Selenium and Behave. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never really worked in a reasonably big QA project, especially with Python, and I was thinking that someone might have some insight into how I would go about structuring my files and folders. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there any certain Pythonic conventions when it comes to naming the folders and where to put everything?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28150" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T01:26:01.753" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T07:08:22.670" Title="How do I structure my Python project based on the Page Object Model" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;behave&gt;&lt;browserstack&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29740" CreationDate="2017-09-21T03:08:24.877" Score="2" ViewCount="39" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our QA team is not a large one, but consists of full or partially remote, full or part time team members which, as it currently stands, live in different countries and in different timezones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are trying to review each other's code, sending pull requests and mention each other as reviewers with me being the end person to merge (unless it is not mine pull request, of course). Ideally, we try to have multiple approves from reviewers, but because most of us are part-time and moreover remote, timing does not work in our favor. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This leads to &lt;em&gt;feedback loop being really slow&lt;/em&gt; - for instance, one person might ask for this improvement, other, in a couple of hours, might ask for another one. Then, the author of the PR would address the comments, but then one more person arrives and suggests some other improvements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you recommend to improve in this process? Can this idea of having multiple approves from different distributed part-time reviewers work? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T14:10:32.687" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T22:55:34.980" Title="Multiple pull request reviewers from different timezones" Tags="&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;git&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29710" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29704" CreationDate="2017-09-21T04:53:18.330" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I would say it's a deadly combination, a Business Analyst with good understanding of quality assurance&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use both for your further job hunt. Both these role complement each other. &#xA;A business analyst with QA knowledge can better understand quality related challenges/benefits while proposing a business solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quality analyst with strong business knowledge can bring in more value to his work (can identify more business test scenarios than other analysts which results in better quality and test ware and finally better quality).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, anybody would love to hire a quality analyst who has also taken care of business related aspects. And also, anybody would love to hire a business analyst who is well versed with quality related aspects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, you should highlight both the aspects whenever you apply for a job. You can give more weight age to one of these depending upon your personal preference. I mean, if you enjoy quality related work more; then you can highlight it more than the BA related work but still you should mention both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T04:53:18.330" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29700" CreationDate="2017-09-21T07:57:27.213" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perfect, fail fast(er).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_programming&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;extreme programmers&lt;/a&gt; came up with continuous integration the idea was when someone checked in their code a couple of times per day and if that failed their automated build, it should be fixed within 10 minutes. Making sure that all code combines would keep working at all times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally noone should check in anything that will break the build ever, certainly not a &quot;style/linting error&quot; like your example, that is just lazy and should be caught by the IDE.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think developers should be using a process somewhat like this to prevent build fails like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write some code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run all unit-tests and linters locally with a build-script (should take max some seconds)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Merge locally with integration branch (e.g. recent code from others)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run all unit-tests and linters locally again&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run fast integration tests locally&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Commit &amp;amp; push code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build server runs same fast-tests on another machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build server runs static code analysis (e.g. code coverage, sonarqube rules)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Up till here it should be not taking longer than 10 minutes and the developer should have a pretty fail-fast cycle if something is wrong. Next:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build server deploys to staging environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build server runs slow-integration and functional tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a build breaks the whole team should stop working and fix it as soon as possible. Being able to run the full build locally is key here, if you are depended on a build-server your builds will become slower and slower as noone cares. Be sure to read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/ten_minute_build.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the 10 minute build&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T07:57:27.213" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29696" CreationDate="2017-09-21T07:59:34.493" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;As already pointed out by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/29697/21973&quot;&gt;Peter Masiar&lt;/a&gt;, you basically compare against a &quot;gold standard&quot;. Therefore, I would say that this is a derivative of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/tags/characterization-testing/info&quot;&gt;characterization testing/golden master testing&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characterization_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Characterization Testing&lt;/a&gt; (aka Golden Master Testing) is a means to &lt;em&gt;characterize&lt;/em&gt; the behavior of the test object to protect it against unintended changes, regardless of its correctness. In order to do so, the results of a previous (typically stable) version—the golden master—serve as the oracle for the tests (also known as &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwarequalitymethods.com/Papers/OracleTax.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;consistency oracle&lt;/a&gt; since it compares the consistency between two versions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Characterization testing (coined by Michael Feathers in his book &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Working Effectively with Legacy Code&quot;&lt;/a&gt;) comes in many different flavors:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Golden master testing (used by &lt;a href=&quot;http://approvaltests.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Approval Tests&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Approval testing (used by &lt;a href=&quot;http://texttest.sourceforge.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TextTest&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Visual testing (used by &lt;a href=&quot;https://applitools.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Applitools&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perceptual diff testing (used by &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bslatkin/dpxdt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Depicted&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;…&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some do pixel comparison, others do text comparison, and there are also hybrid approaches (mentioned by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/29707/21973&quot;&gt;roesslerj&lt;/a&gt;). Each variant has its pros and cons, but essentially it is the same mindset: compare against a previous version, regardless of its correctness. There is also a &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/UMnZiTL0tUc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;very cool introduction&lt;/a&gt; (&quot;the dancing pony&quot; starts at &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/UMnZiTL0tUc?t=4m26s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4:26&lt;/a&gt;) to the basic concept by Google, who develops Depicted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Going back to &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jest&lt;/a&gt;, the quote you have in your question might be a bit misleading because in the case of Jest &quot;Snapshot&quot; does not mean &quot;Screenshot&quot;, i.e. there is no pixel comparison. Consider the following example from their &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/en/snapshot-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;docs&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import React from 'react';&#xA;import Link from '../Link.react';&#xA;import renderer from 'react-test-renderer';&#xA;&#xA;it('renders correctly', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;  const tree = renderer.create(&#xA;    &amp;lt;Link page=&quot;http://www.facebook.com&quot;&amp;gt;Facebook&amp;lt;/Link&amp;gt;&#xA;  ).toJSON();&#xA;  expect(tree).toMatchSnapshot();&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What Jest does is it takes a &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/react/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;React&lt;/a&gt; tree and serializes the HTML/JavaScript it generates to a so-called &quot;snapshot file&quot; (&lt;code&gt;.snap&lt;/code&gt; suffix):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;exports[`renders correctly 1`] = `&#xA;&amp;lt;a&#xA;  className=&quot;normal&quot;&#xA;  href=&quot;http://www.facebook.com&quot;&#xA;  onMouseEnter={[Function]}&#xA;  onMouseLeave={[Function]}&#xA;&amp;gt;&#xA;  Facebook&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;`;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is now your golden master, which contains a textual representation of the rendered React component:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On subsequent test runs Jest will simply compare the rendered output with the previous snapshot. If they match, the test will pass. If they don't match, either the test runner found a bug in your code that should be fixed, or the implementation has changed and the snapshot needs to be updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the tested React tree changes (e.g. to a different link), you will get a simple textual diff:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zT2Df.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/zT2Df.png&quot; alt=&quot;Failed snapshot test.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://facebook.github.io/jest/blog/2016/07/27/jest-14.html#why-snapshot-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;According to the Jest team&lt;/a&gt;, this has the following advantages over pixel comparison:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No flakiness:&lt;/strong&gt; Because tests are run in a command line runner instead of a real browser or on a real phone, the test runner doesn't have to wait for builds, spawn browsers, load a page and drive the UI to get a component into the expected state which tends to be flaky and the test results become noisy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fast iteration speed:&lt;/strong&gt; Engineers want to get results in less than a second rather than waiting for minutes or even hours. If tests don't run quickly like in most end-to-end frameworks, engineers don't run them at all or don't bother writing them in the first place.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Debugging:&lt;/strong&gt; It's easy to step into the code of an integration test in JS instead of trying to recreate the screenshot test scenario and debugging what happened in the visual diff.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a final note, Jest is not exclusive to React. It has the concept of serializers, which take care of reading/writing snapshot files. There are default serializers for built-in JavaScript types, HTML elements, ImmutableJS, and for React, but you can also &lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/en/configuration.html#snapshotserializers-array-string&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;write your own serializer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, you could theoretically write unit, integration, and system tests with Jest. I just don't think that it always makes sense. For instance, when you have a simple &lt;code&gt;add&lt;/code&gt; function that sums up two integers, why would you use a snapshot file for the result? A plain old assertion does the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T15:03:42.653" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T15:03:42.653" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29514" CreationDate="2017-09-21T08:02:50.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on these two questions- &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44542740/chrome-59-and-basic-authentication-with-selenium-fluentlenium&quot;&gt;How to handle authentication in Chrome 59&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44531972/chrome-59-support-for-basic-auth-credentials-in-urls-alternative-for-usage-with&quot;&gt;duplicate question&lt;/a&gt;, I think hitting a previous page with the authentication credentials,before the actual authentication page, makes Chrome remember the credentials and then you can use it afterwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't implemented this and so I'm not hundred percent sure of this, but you can give it a try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, when you say that you have latest Chrome and you're able to pass &lt;a href=&quot;http://username:Pass@genqa/site/showGeoLocation%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8B/%22);]&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;username:Pass@genqa/site/showGeoLocation‌​/&quot;);]&lt;/a&gt;, I would think that you should report this to Google, if you're Chrome is above 59, since as per &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5669008342777856&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; post, support for this has been dropped entirely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T08:02:50.800" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29715" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-21T08:10:53.333" Score="3" ViewCount="187" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any way to test an app on all devices without purchasing all devices?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27086" LastActivityDate="2020-06-04T10:42:41.487" Title="Can I test an app on all devices without purchasing all devices?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29716" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29715" CreationDate="2017-09-21T08:24:37.640" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to do that, you can purchase a cloud based service like SauceLabs, BrowserStack or even try Amazon's &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/device-farm/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Device Farm&lt;/a&gt;, which would give you the capability of testing your apps, across different platforms, on different devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other services too that offer this capability , and so you can search for this in and whatever suites your budget and needs , you should go for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T08:24:37.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29718" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29728" CreationDate="2017-09-21T09:08:14.680" Score="7" ViewCount="575" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a project to retrofit &quot;automation&quot; to a legacy project, it's a tricky beast, people just want to know what the progress is on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any real way to measure automation progress, other than observing issues caught ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-07-22T23:42:56.043" LastActivityDate="2018-07-22T23:42:56.043" Title="How to measure progress when automating a legacy project?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;legacy-system&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29719" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29718" CreationDate="2017-09-21T09:08:14.680" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One approach is to spend some time creating a master list of all the application functionality.  The simplest approach to that may be to base the list on UI functionality.  A more complicated approach is to focus on the back end, based on code, classes, methods, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One you have the list - say 278 total functions then you can measure your progress in automating them, e.g. when 28 are done you are 10% through the list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be done very simple with just the master list and how many are done.  It is not precise however as there are many factors such as shared functionality code, different function complexity, frequency of use, data driven testing, validation verification's, etc.  However it is usually better than nothing and in an Agile environment can be refined and adjusted over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T09:08:14.680" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29720" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29715" CreationDate="2017-09-21T09:29:21.007" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes  there are multiple website which provide App testing functionality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pCloudy: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pcloudy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.pcloudy.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;experitest: &lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://experitest.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amazon's Device Farm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testobject: &lt;a href=&quot;https://testobject.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://testobject.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T09:29:21.007" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29721" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29725" CreationDate="2017-09-21T09:50:33.057" Score="2" ViewCount="313" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found in different places that, automation with safari can be done in MAC OS as safari is also an Apple product. But, we can download and install safari browser in windows and test there manually.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way or at least way around to write test automation script with ruby, watir-webdriver to run in Safari browser in Windows OS? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I just want to open safari browser like other browsers (firefox, chrome, ie) in windows and rest part of the scripts are supposed to run same in all browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@browser = Watir::Browser.new :safari&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T11:41:52.280" Title="Test automation script with ruby, watir-webdriver to run in Safari browser in Windows?" Tags="&lt;ruby&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;&lt;safari&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29663" CreationDate="2017-09-21T10:32:41.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;should I quit if I am struggling at work ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, you could create a plan to improve. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.stephencovey.com/7habits/7habits-habit2.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Begin with the end in mind&lt;/a&gt;, where would you like to be in a couple of years? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.stephencovey.com/7habits/7habits-habit1.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Be proactive&lt;/a&gt;, you are in control. Talk to your boss or peers for assistance. Create a skill learning plan.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.stephencovey.com/7habits/7habits-habit3.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Put first things first&lt;/a&gt;. Make it smaller. Practise. Fail faster and more often, learn, grow and walk.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how long it takes you to get confident&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Possibly forever, 70% of humanity has the &lt;a href=&quot;https://productivity.stackexchange.com/questions/17937/overcoming-imposter-syndrome/&quot;&gt;Imposter Syndrome&lt;/a&gt;. You are probably good enough for the stage of your career, define your road to becoming an expert. Understand you cannot be an expert of your whole field it is always to broad.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T10:32:41.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5633" CreationDate="2017-09-21T11:18:11.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on my experience, Performance of the VM or the cloud is significantly low as compared to physical machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Experience:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have 500 selenium test cases which take around 7 hours in the cloud and same takes around 4 hours in the physical machine, Also our &lt;strong&gt;cloud VM has 56GB&lt;/strong&gt; of RAM and &lt;strong&gt;8 logical cores&lt;/strong&gt; which is a higher configuration as compared to our local machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This performance lag is due to the fact that clouds run on commodity hardware also I heard that commodity hardware's clock speed is low &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9161" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T11:18:11.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29721" CreationDate="2017-09-21T11:41:52.280" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The highest version of Safari for Windows is too old. It's also not able to handle many modern web technologies, so you're better off using either a containerized version of Safari, or sticking to Mac OS to test Safari.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T11:41:52.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29726" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-21T12:00:30.183" Score="1" ViewCount="1384" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here I have some test cases on Microsoft Test Manager (MTM), and those test case I have to execute on a real iPhone device but when I use Run &amp;amp; Record test of MTM to execute test cases its record my action on windows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help here to resolve this issue so that I can execute test cases on the real device, and use recording feature of the MTM tool.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="1871" LastEditDate="2018-04-12T16:35:10.610" LastActivityDate="2021-04-09T01:52:31.603" Title="How can I test iOS &amp; Android mobile applications using Microsoft Visual Studio?" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;ios&gt;&lt;android-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29663" CreationDate="2017-09-21T12:06:58.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thinking of quitting job should be of last priority. As there are only two testers you mentioned, so there is huge work load I am assuming. It is obviously tough at the first stage because there is greater responsibility. But this is also a great ooportunity to work in all phase of a software life cycle. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather if you were in a large company, you will get relaxation with specific sector to work on where there are so many testers. But in a company where there is only two testers, there is a big possibility that you will also be able to work on continuous integration, load testing etc which may be very helpful in your future career. You will probably get access to test the whole software whereas in big company almost everyone is busy with their own modules or features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first, try to automate the most used and repetitive parts. If it's rarely used, then do it manually temporarily and save it for automate in near future. It will lessen your work load and struggle hopefully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can follow the online tutorials, read automation related books, attend interesting webinar, take help from the fellow developers whichever suits you most. After few weeks you will grow your confidence gradually and will start to enjoy your automation works hopefully. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastEditorUserId="27665" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T15:40:36.320" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T15:40:36.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29718" CreationDate="2017-09-21T12:08:31.953" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;For a legacy system, particularly when there isn't any lower level automation to leverage, I find it helps to start with some analysis to determine first the major functional areas of the application and how much use they receive; then repeat that analysis for sub-sections within the major areas. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows me to have a basic guide to approximately how much is left, and a way to ensure the most important parts of the system are covered first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, say your application is an integrated point of sale and inventory management application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Major features would include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Logon (essential, must be automated because nothing else can be done with the system without a logged on user)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;User management (mainly used when personnel changes, can be worked around if there are problems)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Store/location/warehouse setup (generally set-and-forget: new stores might open once or twice in a year, and existing stores are rarely closed down completely)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Point of sale setup (again, mostly a set-and-forget thing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Payment setup (set-and-forget)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;On-site purchasing (will be used all the time)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pre-order purchasing (will be used all the time)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reporting (will be used frequently)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Login, purchasing, and pre-order would be your highest priority modules to automate, with reporting as your next priority. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within the on-site purchase module (just to take an example) you might have such functions as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inventory updates when sales complete&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different product class requirements (for instance, widget A might be sold by size so you'd need a different product selection process than for widget B which has no options)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Product departments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Item types that require special handling or have related charges such as installation fees, delivery fees, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Payment types and processing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Returns&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since each application is different the user base and use profile will differ per application, so you need to do this for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing what features get the most use also helps to schedule automation for new functionality - depending on how likely it is to be used, it might be necessary to prioritize automating a new feature over catching up on an existing feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T12:08:31.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29729" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29777" CreationDate="2017-09-21T12:44:37.890" Score="0" ViewCount="1195" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to setup Jenkins on my laptop to run JMeter scripts. I have setup the job on the localhost also added the plugin required in JMeter. My window batch command looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;C:\apache-jmeter-3.0\bin\jmeter.bat -n -t C:\Users\delhivery\Desktop\Create.jmx -l C:\Users\delhivery\Desktop\Created.jtl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The build is getting executed successfully but the script doesn't actually get executed. The console output displays this message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'findstr' is not recognized as an internal or external command,&#xA;operable program or batch file.&#xA;Not able to find Java executable or version. Please check your Java installation.&#xA;errorlevel=2&#xA;Press any key to continue . . . &#xA;Finished: SUCCESS&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T19:56:59.580" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T19:56:59.580" Title="How to couple JMeter with Jenkins?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29730" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29733" CreationDate="2017-09-21T14:26:57.913" Score="1" ViewCount="770" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently started working on an application that has been written in AngularJS, and have been tasked with setting up automated testing for the app (all of the testing that has been done as part of the development life cycle to date appears to have been done manually).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not used automated testing in any of my previous roles, so this is quite new to me. After doing a bit of research, and asking for recommendations on here as to what the best framework to use would be for this application, I have decided to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have gone through the tutorial on their website, to get an understanding for how it works &amp;amp; what it does, etc, and am now looking to start integrating it into the existing application, which I appreciate/ expect will be a bit more complicated than setting up the testing framework/ suite at the start of a project, &amp;amp; building it in parallel with the development of the application, as I will essentially have to go back through the application (and code), and document everything that will need to be tested, how it should be tested, pass/ fail criteria, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For now though, I just want to set up a couple of very simple tests to ensure that I have Protractor up and running with my app correctly. I can then look to design &amp;amp; implement the more thorough/ involved tests later, once I have the framework set up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to set Protractor up for use within my development environment, but am having a bit of difficulty doing this... My environment is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows 10 PC&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unix VM running CentOS 7&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Python 3.4 running the backend on the VM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;grunt serve&lt;/code&gt; to serve the front end on the VM&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am following through the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorial&lt;/a&gt; again, this time trying to apply it to my existing application, so that I can start writing tests for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the &lt;code&gt;conf.js&lt;/code&gt; file written as indicated in the tutorial:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;exports.config = {&#xA;    framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;    seleniumAddress: 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',&#xA;    specs: ['spec.js'],&#xA;    multiCapabilities: {&#xA;        browserName: 'firefox'&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and have the &lt;code&gt;spec.js&lt;/code&gt; file written as indicated in the tutorial, just with the address that the browser should point to set to the local address of my VM:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('My App', function() {&#xA;    it('should hit the VM hosted site', function() {&#xA;        browser.get('192.168.1.212:8080');&#xA;&#xA;        //Write tests here&#xA;        //element(by.model('toolbar-btn-on')).sendKeys('write first app test');&#xA;        //element(by.css&#xA;&#xA;        //Test to get app title:&#xA;        expect(browser.getTitle()).toEqual('title of my app');&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These files, &amp;amp; my whole application repository is stored on a network drive which I have mapped to both my local machine &amp;amp; the VM. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I open a browser on the VM, and browse to &lt;code&gt;localhost:8080/#/pages/login&lt;/code&gt;, I am presented with the log in page for my AngularJS app.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I open a browser on my local windows machine, and browse to  &lt;code&gt;192.168.1.212:8080/#/pages/login&lt;/code&gt;, I am presented with the same log in page for my AngularJS app, so it is clear that my app is up and running, Python is serving the back end, and Grunt is serving the front end, all working correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I run:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;from the command line, as indicated at the end of 'Step 0 - Write a test' in the tutorial, although the browser opens &amp;amp; closes again very quickly, as the tutorial indicates it should, it states that the output should say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 tests, 1 assertion, 0 failures&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but the output in my console actually shows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[15:16:09] I/launcher - Running 1 instances of WebDriver&#xA;  [15:16:09] I/hosted - Using the selenium server at &lt;a href=&quot;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Started&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;F&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failures:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) App should hit the VM hosted site&#xA;    Message:&#xA;      Failed: invalid element state: Failed to execute 'replace' on 'Location': '192.168.1.212:8080' is not a valid URL.&#xA;        (Session info: chrome=60.0.3112.113)&#xA;        (Driver info: chromedriver=2.32.498550 (9dec58e66c31bcc53a9ce3c7226f0c1c5810906a),platform=Windows NT 10.0.15063 x86_64)&#xA;    Stack:&#xA;      InvalidElementStateError: invalid element state: Failed to execute 'replace' on 'Location': '192.168.1.212:8080' is not a valid URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1 spec, 1 failure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Finished in 0.121 seconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[15:16:16] I/launcher - 0 instance(s) of WebDriver still running&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[15:16:16] I/launcher - chrome #01 failed 1 test(s)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[15:16:16] I/launcher - overall: 1 failed spec(s)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[15:16:16] E/launcher - Process exited with error code 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it appears that my test doesn't like the fact that I am asking it to 'get' the browser at the VM's IP address (i.e. not my local computer's IP address). Is there a reason for this? How can I set Protractor to run my tests against a version of my application that's hosted on the VM, rather than a live site, or a version hosted on my local development machine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T15:01:55.300" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T15:02:36.293" Title="Integrating Protractor testing framework into my existing AngularJS app- invalid URL when testing on VM" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;virtualmachine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29731" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29708" CreationDate="2017-09-21T14:42:11.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You say you have little design experience: while it is possible to start alone, you are likely to make many mistakes without being aware of them. Working as newbie without a guidance of someone senior is sub-optimal for your professional growth, but possible. So don't worry and do your best. You can always change it when you learn better way to do it. Making mistakes is normal part of the process of learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many programmers are self-taught, but being an apprentice under experienced master allows you to learn the skills faster. Trick is, how to tell who is experienced guru, and who is only a pretender - because you don't have the skills to tell them apart yet. This is normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are trying to learn and use best practices, this is good. Problem is that lot of advice will go just over your head because you would not know how to apply it in you special case. This is normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't worry too much, you will redesign your system few times as you learn about consequences of your design decisions. This is normal. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to find any local experts who will be willing to give you advice. Very strongly consider joining relevant open-source project where you can read the code and discuss with experts the &quot;why&quot; of the decisions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Subscribe to &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/&lt;/a&gt; and read obsessively. So will find gems like &lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/357745/are-bad-programming-practices-typical-within-the-software-industry&quot;&gt;Are bad programming practices typical within the software industry?&lt;/a&gt; Hint: Answer is Yes!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So learn as much as you can, google &quot;how to ask question the smart way&quot; - google will be your good friend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T20:09:18.210" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T20:09:18.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29718" CreationDate="2017-09-21T14:58:12.957" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Code coverage&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;retrofit &quot;automation&quot; to a legacy project&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What does legacy mean?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;To me, legacy code is simply code without tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Legacy Code Dilemma&lt;/strong&gt;: When we change code, we should tests in place. To put tests in place, we often have to change code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;-- Michael Feathers (&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0131177052&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Working effectively with legacy code&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Feathers describes some good methods how to write tests around un-testable code. Now you should refactor the classes, so you can write unit-tests them. Now you can remove most of the larger end-to-end tests again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The retrofit word scares me as team might fall in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://watirmelon.blog/2012/01/31/introducing-the-software-testing-ice-cream-cone/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing ice-cream cone&lt;/a&gt; trap. You will want to aim for a good balance between unit, integration and end-to-end tests. Here I think code coverage makes sense as measurement, because it shows you which branches you have not yet covered by a test. Once you have all branches covered you can start with the refactoring probably.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you know if your code is covered by tests? &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Code coverage&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;If you ask me I would pick &lt;strong&gt;branch coverage&lt;/strong&gt; as your main metric to measure progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T14:58:12.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29733" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29730" CreationDate="2017-09-21T15:02:36.293" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to &lt;em&gt;prepend a protocol to the URL&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://192.168.1.212:8080&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;otherwise, from what I understand, it fails when &lt;code&gt;window.location&lt;/code&gt; is set during the &lt;code&gt;browser.get()&lt;/code&gt; call (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/183cd803254f7a3ccb3a8650e8ef06b4fff03446/lib/browser.ts#L891&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T15:02:36.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29736" CreationDate="2017-09-21T16:11:20.273" Score="0" ViewCount="1863" Body="&lt;p&gt;Enabling certain options on a page will generate a link that I need to store. The link is located in the page object file by &lt;code&gt;element(by.css('a[href*=&quot;link&quot;]'));&lt;/code&gt; I need to figure out how to store either the link located on the page or the link after it is clicked (the same URL). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T18:10:30.243" Title="How to store a generated link as a variable in protractor" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29735" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29746" CreationDate="2017-09-21T16:18:59.793" Score="2" ViewCount="193" Body="&lt;p&gt;Motivated by &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/UMnZiTL0tUc?t=325&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this talk about the accidental unexpected pony dancing on the screen&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently have a rather rich subset of end-to-end tests for our AngularJS applications. And, we do get a lot of visual/layout/design issues on every single development iteration. Usually, we do not cover this kind of issues with end-to-end tests and testing the fixes manually. The reasoning was always - too hard, too fragile, too expensive to automate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases though, &lt;em&gt;a style of an element or block on a page is really critical for an end-user&lt;/em&gt; and it would make sense to have an automated end-to-end test checking it. We try to check the colors, font styles and other CSS properties inside our Protractor tests, but it is still checking only these specific things and not an element or part of a page as a whole. Plus, the assertions themselves are not readable and easy to break, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;expect(somePage.someElement.getCssValue(&quot;background-color&quot;)).toEqual(&quot;rgba(255, 211, 205, 1)&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are thinking of adding some sort of a visual component to our tests. Ideally, comparing screenshots of what we expect an element to look like and how it actually looks. But, there are a lot of open questions at this point:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;how reliable can it be - would it depend on the browser, resolution and other parameters of the test machine setup?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;is it possible to integrate with our existing Protractor test codebase or we need a separate specialized tool for that?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test result reporting - how would we present the test results?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have you done something similar and how did you address the above mentioned issues? Was it worth the cost of maintenance?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T18:54:39.290" LastActivityDate="2019-08-18T17:59:58.347" Title="Is there a dancing pony on the screen? (Visual testing)" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;screenshot&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29734" CreationDate="2017-09-21T16:32:49.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To get to the actual link &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; value, you need to use &lt;code&gt;.getAttribute()&lt;/code&gt; method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element(by.css('a[href*=&quot;link&quot;]')).getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;).then(function (href) {&#xA;    console.log(href);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This approach would work if you have this element available on the page and you need to use the &lt;code&gt;href&lt;/code&gt; value in the same test afterwards:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it(&quot;should test something&quot;, function () {&#xA;    // do something&#xA;&#xA;    yourPageObject.yourLinkElement.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;).then(function (href) {&#xA;        // do something with the link&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, if you need this link in other tests later in this test file, you may take advantage of the &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt; blocks to be executed sequentially by jasmine/protractor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var hrefValue;&#xA;it(&quot;should test something&quot;, function () {&#xA;    // do something&#xA;&#xA;    yourPageObject.yourLinkElement.getAttribute(&quot;href&quot;).then(function (href) {&#xA;        hrefValue = href;&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;it(&quot;should test something else&quot;, function () { &#xA;    console.log(hrefValue);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't though particularly like the idea of coupling the tests - making one tests depend on the other to be executed before it. Generally, it is not a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T16:32:49.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29737" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29801" CreationDate="2017-09-21T17:34:38.560" Score="0" ViewCount="5957" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I try to run my frisbyjs tests with jest as documented on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/vlucas/frisby&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;github page&lt;/a&gt;, I get the following error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded&#xA;    at String.slice (native)&#xA;    at Object.resolve (path.js:290:29)&#xA;    at resolveConfigPathByTraversing (C:\Users\me\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\jest\node_modules\jest-config\build\resolve_config_path.js:58:54)&#xA;    at resolveConfigPathByTraversing (C:\Users\me\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\jest\node_modules\jest-config\build\resolve_config_path.js:75:10)&#xA;    at resolveConfigPathByTraversing (C:\Users\me\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\jest\node_modules\jest-config\build\resolve_config_path.js:75:10)&#xA;    at resolveConfigPathByTraversing (C:\Users\me\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\jest\node_modules\jest-config\build\resolve_config_path.js:75:10)&#xA;    at resolveConfigPathByTraversing (C:\Users\me\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\jest\node_modules\jest-config\build\resolve_config_path.js:75:10)&#xA;    at resolveConfigPathByTraversing (C:\Users\me\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\jest\node_modules\jest-config\build\resolve_config_path.js:75:10)&#xA;    at resolveConfigPathByTraversing (C:\Users\me\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\jest\node_modules\jest-config\build\resolve_config_path.js:75:10)&#xA;    at resolveConfigPathByTraversing (C:\Users\me\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\jest\node_modules\jest-config\build\resolve_config_path.js:75:10)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe I have the correct file structure, using &quot;__tests__&quot; and my test file &quot;api.spec.js&quot; in that folder, but I might have something wrong going on. Disclaimer: I'm brand new to Javascript and all related knowledge. I previously worked on Java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a proof of concept using Frisby with Jasmine to write live API tests.  My current project structure is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;__tests__&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;helpers&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;environment.js&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;api.spec.js&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The file contents are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;environment.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports = {&#xA;    oneApiUrl: &quot;https://mywebsite.net/&quot;,&#xA;    twoApiUrl: &quot;https://myotherwebsite.com/projectpoint/&quot;,&#xA;    dashboardProjectsApi: 'api/dashboard/projects/get',&#xA;    token: 'tokenstringhere',&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;api.spec.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const frisby = require('frisby');&#xA;const environment = require('./helpers/environment.js');&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;frisby.globalSetup({&#xA;    request: {&#xA;        headers: {&#xA;            'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + environment.token,&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;describe('Dashboard api', function () {&#xA;    it('should return list of projects this user can access', function (done) {&#xA;        frisby.get(environment.oneApiUrl + environment.dashboardProjectsApi)&#xA;            .expect('status', 200)&#xA;            .done(done);&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty sure it's not the test, as this works if I do &lt;code&gt;jasmine-node .\api.spec.js&lt;/code&gt;.  I can go with using &lt;code&gt;jasmine-node&lt;/code&gt;, but there's benefits to using &lt;code&gt;jest&lt;/code&gt; and I &lt;em&gt;would&lt;/em&gt; like to know why this isn't working. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried Googling the error, but this error typically comes from issues related to a javascript website, doubling up on imports in the html, etc. I don't think mine is related to that, as I'm trying to run the js file like one would run python, with an interpreter. (As far as I understand.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions/critiques are appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28000" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T20:04:16.317" Title="Why am I getting &quot;RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded&quot; when I try to run FrisbyJS tests with Jest?" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29738" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-21T18:50:40.490" Score="1" ViewCount="292" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am getting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Type mismatch: cannot convert from org.openqa.selenium.WebElement to WebElement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for the below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class WebElement {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://accounts.google.com/signin/v2/identifier?continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2F&amp;amp;service=mail&amp;amp;sacu=1&amp;amp;rip=1&amp;amp;flowName=GlifWebSignIn&amp;amp;flowEntry=ServiceLogin&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement emailField = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;identifierId&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28171" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-21T19:01:04.970" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T17:21:23.163" Title="Type mismatch error" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29739" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29738" CreationDate="2017-09-21T19:03:08.883" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;By naming your class &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;, you are &lt;em&gt;shadowing the imported &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pick a different name for your class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T19:03:08.883" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29709" CreationDate="2017-09-21T22:55:34.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main purpose of code review is learning (yes, cross-validation/static testing is secondary).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering there no significative difference of knowledge of different parts of the application between the sub-teams:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could use code review as a static testing tool within the locals teams (increasing feedback speed) and as a learning tool for the remote teams (someone from the remote team reading merged PR, for learning). If the remote counter-part detect a opportunity for refactoring, it can be done after the merging.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The challenge is to create this culture of learning through code review (even merged ones).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-09-21T22:55:34.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29743" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29754" CreationDate="2017-09-22T06:47:08.467" Score="3" ViewCount="1397" Body="&lt;p&gt;What should I test if I have created a scenario with Python (bottle + mako) and web front-end to download a PDF file for registered users? I can use selenium to start Firefox, login and trigger the PDF file download, and then (theoretically, I didn't try it) I can use a tool like &lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/textract&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;textract&lt;/a&gt; to extract to text from the PDF file and inspect that it has the expected text and not an error message. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the nature of my use case is that the file won't download at all if something is wrong and I'm rendering HTML onto a PDF using the python tool pdfkit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import pdfkit&#xA;to_pdf_file = '/tmp/output.pdf'&#xA;from bottle import static_file&#xA;css = '/srv/http/python.dev/python-common/assets/static_files/css/styles.css'&#xA;pdfkit.from_string(render_template(&quot;oncall/dayview_reload&quot;, values), to_pdf_file, css=css)&#xA;return static_file('output.pdf', root='/tmp', download='output.pdf')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it feels rather pointless to test the PDF instead of testing the HTML because in practice I would only test that the third-party library pdfkit is working on, not testing my code. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel that I might as well test only the HTML that it renders and prints the correct result, or would it be important to actually test that the PDF is generated and prints the correct data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or should I use some other approach to make my test &quot;right&quot; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test code looks like the following right now, it starts selenium and makes the download, but I feel that I might as well test only the HTML instead of the PDF. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class ViewTest(unittest.TestCase):&#xA;@classmethod&#xA;def setUp(cls):&#xA;    cls.driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;    cls.driver.implicitly_wait(20)&#xA;    cls.driver.maximize_window()&#xA;    cls.driver.get(&quot;http://python.dev/oncall/daily_reload?oncall_customer_ids=417&amp;amp;oncall_customer_id=417&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;def test_1(self):&#xA;&#xA;    username_input = self.driver.find_element_by_name(&quot;email&quot;)&#xA;    username_input.send_keys('kerstin@example.se')&#xA;    password_input = self.driver.find_element_by_name(&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;    password_input.send_keys('ex4mple1')&#xA;    self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector('.btn.btn-primary.btn-block.btn-lg').click()&#xA;&#xA;    print(&quot;done&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1323" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T11:35:26.350" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T12:06:13.670" Title="What to test when &quot;testing&quot; a PDF download?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;pdf-file&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29708" CreationDate="2017-09-22T06:59:13.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no right way to structure your project. Of coarse there are common aproaches to that and you can figure them out by browsing related open source projects. Structure can also be dictated by the test framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pick a test framework. I suggest &lt;code&gt;py.test&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;also consider using a more high-level selenium framework like &lt;code&gt;splinter&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;selene&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;alternatively you might start building your own selenuim wrapper, but that's not the best idea if you are beginner&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try to find open source projects that use your stack and pick some ideas from them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look into this list for tools and frameworks: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/atinfo/awesome-test-automation/blob/master/python-test-automation.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/atinfo/awesome-test-automation/blob/master/python-test-automation.md&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19521" LastEditorUserId="19521" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T07:08:22.670" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T07:08:22.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29745" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-22T07:13:56.220" Score="0" ViewCount="5876" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.chrome.driver system property; for more information, see https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver. The latest version can be downloaded from http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html&#xA;    at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState(Preconditions.java:754)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.findExecutable(DriverService.java:124)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService.access$000(ChromeDriverService.java:32)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService$Builder.findDefaultExecutable(ChromeDriverService.java:137)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:329)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(ChromeDriverService.java:88)&#xA;    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.&amp;lt;init&amp;gt;(ChromeDriver.java:124)&#xA;    at Registration.Validuser.Login(Validuser.java:17)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:108)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:523)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:224)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:146)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.beforeRun(TestRunner.java:658)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:626)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:425)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:420)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:385)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:334)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1318)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1243)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1161)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1129)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:114)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;    Default test&#xA;    Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Skips: 0&#xA;    Configuration Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24999" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T11:36:22.283" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:38:13.763" Title="Getting an error after execution as FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeTest Login" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-10T17:02:40.657" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29746" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29735" CreationDate="2017-09-22T07:30:13.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;how reliable can it be - would it depend on the browser, resolution and other parameters of the test machine setup?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can answer this part. I am using &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu for visual testing&lt;/a&gt;, and the tests do not depend on the resolution (the software and its image recognition algorithms account for that). So I can create a test on machine A and move it over to a very different machine B and it still works fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with Kantu is that is works only inside Chrome (Chromium). So you can not use it for testing with Edge, Firefox etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For cross-browser visual testing we use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt;, which runs on the desktop. But while this works with all browsers, it is much more sensitive to resolution changes. So a test created on machine A does often &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; work on machine B.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T07:30:13.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29747" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-22T08:20:33.227" Score="1" ViewCount="299" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;!DOCTYPE plist SYSTEM &quot;http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd&quot; PUBLIC &quot;-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;-&amp;lt;plist version=&quot;1.0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;-&amp;lt;dict&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;key&amp;gt;apiKeys&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;-&amp;lt;dict&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;key&amp;gt;dev&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;-&amp;lt;dict&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;key&amp;gt;DFPAdKeyMenu&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;string/&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;key&amp;gt;DFPAdKeySport&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;string&amp;gt;/182084332/UGAH_Banner_Dev&amp;lt;/string&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;key&amp;gt;DFPAdKeyFeed&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;string&amp;gt;/182084332/UGAH_InFeed_Dev&amp;lt;/string&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;key&amp;gt;DFPAdKeyFeedInterstitial&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;string&amp;gt;/182084332/UGAH_Interstitial_Dev&amp;lt;/string&amp;gt;  &#xA;    &amp;lt;key&amp;gt;lemonSdkAppKey&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;string&amp;gt;d2f5979e-1797-4faa-af76-fbe329ee4261&amp;lt;/string&amp;gt; &#xA;    &amp;lt;key&amp;gt;lemonSdkPassword&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;string&amp;gt;8b{S$7JpfL&amp;lt;/string&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;key&amp;gt;GAAnalyticsKey&amp;lt;/key&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;string&amp;gt;UA-101490859-24&amp;lt;/string&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dict&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above one is the XML file. I need to get the value for the Google analytics from the above xml file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to get the output as Type: &lt;code&gt;Prod, Key: GA, Value: UA-111111-24&lt;/code&gt; from the above XML. I have tried the following code but it's not showing any output.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;NodeList dictList = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;dict&quot;);&#xA;for (int j = 0; j &amp;lt; dictList.getLength(); j++) {&#xA;    if (dictList.item(j) instanceof Element) {&#xA;        Element dict = (Element) dictList.item(j);&#xA;&#xA;        NodeList nodeList = dict.getElementsByTagName(&quot;key&quot;);&#xA;        NodeList nodeList1 = dict.getElementsByTagName(&quot;string&quot;);&#xA;        for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; nodeList.getLength(); i++) {&#xA;            Node node = nodeList.item(i);&#xA;&#xA;            if (node.getTextContent().equals(&quot;GAAnalyticsKey&quot;)) {&#xA;                Node node1 = nodeList1.item(i);&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;Nodename&quot; + node.getNodeName() + &quot; : &quot;&#xA;                        + node.getTextContent().trim() + &quot; &quot; + node1.getNodeName() + &quot; : &quot;&#xA;                        + node1.getTextContent().trim());&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you help me on this ? I'm not getting the proper values after implementing your code. For ex &lt;code&gt;if (node.getTextContent().equals(&quot;GAAnalytics&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; I'm getting some other value&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28178" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T11:34:58.200" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T11:34:58.200" Title="How to get the text content of one node using another node text content from the given xml file" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-09-22T11:49:17.373" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29749" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-22T08:36:11.193" Score="8" ViewCount="896" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to transition to a test manager role and I'm up for an interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Been doing test automation for more than 2 years, being QA lead at a startup where I initiated and executed QA process, did manual QA for few years and did development work as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm not sure what should I have and need to know to say I'm ready for the test manager role ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28180" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T11:38:10.263" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T04:55:28.743" Title="What should senior QA know to transition to a Test Manager position?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;interview&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3986" CreationDate="2017-09-22T08:41:31.470" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For some browsers it happens that once mouse hover action is performed, but the menu list disappear quickly before Selenium identify the next sub menu item. In that case it is better to use &lt;code&gt;perform()&lt;/code&gt; action on the main menu to hold the menu list till the time Selenium identify the sub menu item and click on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement xWL = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;x path text&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;Actions xAct = new Actions(driver);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xAct.moveToElement(xWL).build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;below code will resolve the &quot;element not visible&quot; issue&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xAct.moveToElement(xWL);&#xA;xAct.click();&#xA;xAct.perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28181" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T12:58:01.213" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T12:58:01.213" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29751" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29757" CreationDate="2017-09-22T08:59:48.237" Score="3" ViewCount="1634" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on the development of an AngularJS app, and have recently been asked to look at integrating some automated testing into our development process. I have not used automated testing at all before, so am still getting to grips with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The framework that I have decided to use is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt;, and I'm just looking at starting to write some basic tests, however, I'm having a bit of trouble getting hold of some of the HTML elements from within the &lt;code&gt;spec.js&lt;/code&gt; file where my tests will be written. I have the following &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt; block in &lt;code&gt;spec.js&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe('My App', function() {&#xA;    var loginForm = element(by.id('loginForm'));&#xA;    var loginBtn = element(by.className('form-control'));&#xA;    var usernameInputField = element(by.id('inputName'));&#xA;    var passwordInputField = element(by.id('inputPass'));&#xA;&#xA;    it('should hit the VM hosted site', function() {&#xA;        browser.get('http://192.168.x.xyz:8080);&#xA;        expect(browser.getTitle()).toEqual('My app');&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    //Test to log in:&#xA;    it('should enter the username into the username field on log in form', function() {&#xA;        usernameInputField.sendKeys('username');&#xA;        passwordInputField.sendKeys('password');&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &lt;code&gt;conf.js&lt;/code&gt; file currently looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;exports.config = {&#xA;    framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;    seleniumAddress: 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',&#xA;    specs: ['spec.js'],&#xA;    multiCapabilities: {&#xA;        browserName: 'firefox'&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the command &lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js&lt;/code&gt; from the command line, I get some output that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: No element found using locator: By(css selector, &quot;[id=&quot;inputName&quot;])&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have 'inspected' the input field for the username on the form in the browser, and it shows that the HTML element's 'name' attribute is 'inputName'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand why the console is giving me the error that says it's trying to find the element using a 'CSS selector'- I'm expecting it to try and find the element by it's HTML tag's 'name' attribute... Clearly I'm doing something wrong in how I'm writing the 'test to log in', because if I comment that out, and run &lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js&lt;/code&gt; again, I get 0 failures- so the other test is running successfully...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I doing wrong here? How can I get the form input fields and enter correct log in details into them to check that the 'log in' feature works correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an aside, although I will want to test the 'log in' capability too, is there  a way to 'skip' this during testing, so that I can run the tests on all of the features of the app, without Protractor having to log in to the app every time to run the tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've done what was suggested by @KatePaulk in their answer, and my test now looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var usernameInputField = element(by.name('inputName'));&#xA;var passwordInputField = element(by.name('inputPass'));&#xA;...&#xA;function loginAsUser(username, password) {&#xA;    username = &quot;abc&quot;;&#xA;    password = &quot;xyz&quot;;&#xA;    usernameInputField.sendKeys(username);&#xA;    passwordInputField.sendKeys(password);&#xA;&#xA;    loginBtn.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;it('should log the user in to app', function() {&#xA;    loginAsUser(username, password);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and while the script is running, although the username &amp;amp; password fields are correctly populated on the log in form, I get an error message when the script is trying to press the 'Log In' button, to submit the form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;W/element - more than one element found for locator By(css selector, .form-control) = the first result will be used&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I continue the script after this, the browser window is closed, and the script exits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What am I doing wrong with how I am retrieving &amp;amp; clicking the 'log in' button?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As requested, the HTML for the form is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;page-signin&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;signin-header&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;section class=&quot;logo text-center&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;Login to {{main.brand}}&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/section&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;signin-body&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;container&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-container&quot; data-ng-controller=&quot;LoginCtrl&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div ng-show=&quot;errors.general || errors.username || errors.password&quot;&#xA;             class=&quot;alert alert-danger&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            {{errors.general || errors.username || errors.password}}&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;form class=&quot;form-horizontal&quot;&#xA;              data-ng-submit=&quot;login()&quot;&#xA;              name=&quot;loginForm&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;fieldset&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-group input-group-first&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;span class=&quot;input-group-addon&quot;&#xA;                      ng-class=&quot;{'login-error-icon': errors.username}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ti-user&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; um-autofocus&#xA;                   class=&quot;form-control input-lg&quot;&#xA;                   data-ng-model=&quot;user.username&quot;&#xA;                   placeholder=&quot;Username&quot;&#xA;                   autocapitalize=&quot;off&quot;&#xA;                   name=&quot;inputName&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;span class=&quot;input-group-addon&quot;&#xA;                      ng-class=&quot;{'login-error-icon': errors.password}&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ti-lock&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;input type=&quot;password&quot;&#xA;                   class=&quot;form-control input-lg&quot;&#xA;                   data-ng-model=&quot;user.password&quot;&#xA;                   placeholder=&quot;Password&quot;&#xA;                   name=&quot;inputPass&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-group&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;div class=&quot;input-group login-checkbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;span class=&quot;input-group-addon&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;label class=&quot;ui-checkbox&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;input data-ng-model=&quot;persistent&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;label class=&quot;form-control input-lg&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;input data-ng-model=&quot;persistent&quot; type=&quot;checkbox&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Remember me&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;div class=&quot;divider divider-sm&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;div class=&quot;form-control&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot;&#xA;                 class=&quot;btn btn-brand text-center pull-right&quot;&#xA;                 value=&quot;Log in&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;/fieldset&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/form&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T13:26:08.833" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T14:17:23.583" Title="Using Protractor to test AngularJS frontend- how do I get HTML DOM objects that are nested within other objects?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29752" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29749" CreationDate="2017-09-22T10:27:17.823" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on the position, company and industry. A test manager role will have different responsibilities and a need for different skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would listen to the following podcast where Alan and Brent roleplay a discussion between two common type of Test managers:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;AB Testing – Episode 67&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;For this episode, we shoved Brent into a time machine and asked 1990s&#xA;  “Traditional Test Manager” Brent to have a conversation with “Modern&#xA;  Testing Manager” Alan.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Listen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.angryweasel.com/ABTesting/?p=254&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some skills/experiences I think are important:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;People skills (e.g. do you like coaching and managing people?)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you implement a testing/quality strategy in scale for a company of their size.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Broad knowledge of testing field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What strategies do you execute to stay up-to-date. (e.g. books, blogs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T10:27:17.823" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29753" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29745" CreationDate="2017-09-22T10:44:34.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As It is clearly showing :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable&#xA;  must be set by the webdriver.chrome.driver system property; for more&#xA;  information, see&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That means you have set path of &lt;code&gt;chromedriver.exe&lt;/code&gt; to run your test in Chrome Browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to do :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and download latest &lt;code&gt;chromedriver.exe&lt;/code&gt; as per your system and Google chrome version you are using&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You need to set the properties for &lt;code&gt;chromedriver&lt;/code&gt;. Mention below code before open chrome browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;c:\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For the Firefox browser you need to download latest &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt; , and set property as &lt;code&gt;webdriver.gecko.driver&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T17:53:32.553" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T17:53:32.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29743" CreationDate="2017-09-22T12:02:40.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand this, you have an application that takes some set of data per user, renders it to PDF, and allows the user to download the generated PDF file. If there are any errors, the PDF is not generated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are correct that in testing the PDF, you are essentially testing the third party library the app uses to generate it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are also pulling too many things into a single test by doing this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the code that generates the data that is sent to the PDF file, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the code that sends the data to PDF (if the data is manipulated between being retrieved and being sent to the PDF generation module),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the code that handles the returned PDF or error&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd handle it this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login should be part of the setup routine, since you will need to log in for all tests in this scenario.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One test should check the data prior to generating the PDF file, failing if either the data is not correct or an error is returned.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the data is manipulated in any way before being sent to the third-party PDF generator, the outcome of the manipulation should be checked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rather than checking the content of the PDF programmatically, I'd suggest a manual sanity check that the template you're using works with the data you're generating. This is a once-and-done kind of check that shouldn't need to be repeated unless the size and format of the data used changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A check which I would consider optional because you're covering the intermediate steps and can do a single manual check for it is that you receive a PDF file at the end of the process. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If possible, you should also test with bad data and check the HTML output for the expected error messages. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your goal when unit testing or UI testing your application is not just to check that it works as expected, but that the application can handle defined error conditions and fails with some grace when faced with undefined error conditions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T12:02:40.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29743" CreationDate="2017-09-22T12:06:13.670" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;We tend to create a test to check the download file is not empty for exports that are the same as the screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some psuedo code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.downloadFile();&#xA;file = getFile(pathToFile);&#xA;assert(file.size &amp;gt; 0)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the PDF is the Core of your product I would invest time to verify its contents. Either visual with Sikuli or a PDF parser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is just a handy export for users, but not business critical, I would think a test like this is enough. Does the file generate, check. I would only start adding tests once defects or regressions start flowing in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T12:06:13.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29751" CreationDate="2017-09-22T12:13:49.733" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;HTML id is not the same as HTML name. It's common to have fields where the name and the id are different:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id=&quot;user_name&quot; name=&quot;inputName&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you change your code to find the fields to &lt;code&gt;element(by.name('inputName'));&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;element(by.name('inputPass'));&lt;/code&gt; it should find them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way you handle common routines like logging on is to use something like the Page Object Pattern, where the code that performs the actions is separate from the tests, so your login test would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('should enter user credentials and click the login button', function() {&#xA;    LoginAsUser('username', 'password');&#xA;    // wait for an expected component after login, then assert that the user is logged in&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Elsewhere, you'd define the function &lt;code&gt;LoginAsUser(username, password)&lt;/code&gt; to find the fields, enter the text, and click the login button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, when you're testing something else, you simply start the test with a call to &lt;code&gt;LoginAsUser()&lt;/code&gt; followed by whatever else you need to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T12:13:49.733" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29757" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29751" CreationDate="2017-09-22T12:43:36.400" Score="5" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As an aside, although I will want to test the 'log in' capability too, is there a way to 'skip' this during testing, so that I can run the tests on all of the features of the app, without Protractor having to log in to the app every time to run the tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You have multiple ways of handling that, but using &lt;code&gt;beforeAll()&lt;/code&gt; to provide setup for your &lt;code&gt;it()&lt;/code&gt; tests inside a &lt;code&gt;describe()&lt;/code&gt; is a common way to approach the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;describe(&quot;Your test&quot;, function () {&#xA;    beforeAll(function () {&#xA;        LoginAsUser('username', 'password');&#xA;        // wait for an expected component after login&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    afterAll(function () {&#xA;        LogOut();  // log out after all tests are done?&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('should test something', function() {&#xA;&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;    it('should test something else', function() {&#xA;&#xA;    }); &#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: No element found using locator: &lt;code&gt;By(css selector, .form-control.submit)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your locator is not correct - currently, you are looking for an element with both &lt;code&gt;form-control&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;submit&lt;/code&gt; classes, but &lt;code&gt;form-control&lt;/code&gt; is a class of a &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; container and &lt;code&gt;submit&lt;/code&gt; is not even a class but a &lt;code&gt;type&lt;/code&gt; attribute value. Use instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.form-control &amp;gt; input[type=submit]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T14:17:23.583" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T14:17:23.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29758" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23367" CreationDate="2017-09-22T12:47:01.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This will return true if it find the success message&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement msg=driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;pad margin no-print&quot;));&#xA;Assert.assertTrue(successMessage.contains(&quot;deleted successfully&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28190" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T12:58:13.253" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T12:58:13.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29759" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-22T13:36:56.347" Score="1" ViewCount="40" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am creating a simple webapp that allows my support colleagues to run Selenium Java Code from my custom created API.&#xA;When from Eclipse (the app deployed in Tomcat8) I run a script, i can see in my screen that the webbrowser (in this case the chrome webdriver) is opened and I can actually see what is happening in my screen. However, when I just start Tomcat as a windows service (and do not run it from Eclipse), it also run, however it seems to run headless. I would like it to also show me the browser so that I can see what is happening. I can't really find anything on this, so I hope someone can help me out here or give me a pointer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28191" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T13:36:56.347" Title="Selenium webdriver always headless" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-09-22T14:47:01.523" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29729" CreationDate="2017-09-22T16:55:31.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;By seeing the given error, issue might be in your java environment variable configuration.&#xA;When running jmeter.bat in command prompt manually without Jenkins, is it working?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Jenkins, We can configure any batch or shell script and can schedule the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can execute the Jmeter script in two ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the setup of job by configuring the project by running batch command. In this case no need of the plugin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a freestyle project.&#xA;Configure the batch command.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/How+to+run+JMeter+with+Jenkins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/How+to+run+JMeter+with+Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Screenshots given.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/29u0L.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/29u0L.png&quot; alt=&quot;batchfile sample&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3hJwk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3hJwk.png&quot; alt=&quot;Jenkins project configuration&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastEditorUserId="27047" LastEditDate="2017-09-22T17:04:36.830" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T17:04:36.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29761" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29635" CreationDate="2017-09-22T17:31:29.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Strictly speaking a Page Object pattern will be slower than hard coding all the element locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However the difference will be negligible (probably less than 1%) and is far out-weighed by the maintainability aspects which are horrendous without some sort of Page Object approach as the application grows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T17:31:29.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29635" CreationDate="2017-09-22T17:40:17.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Performance is the wrong metric for evaluating automated tests, however it will be fine. PageObject processing will be minimal compared to the network latency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary purpose of the PageObject is code reuse and minimising maintenance overhead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17321" LastEditorUserId="17321" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T11:45:08.860" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T11:45:08.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29763" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29749" CreationDate="2017-09-22T17:57:03.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, best of luck for your interview. I hope you do well and get the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a senior QA to transition into a QA Manager role can be a challenging task and at the same time if you have good skills, you can transition seamlessly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the important aspects that QA Manager has to do is to have good &lt;strong&gt;conflict resolution skills&lt;/strong&gt; and the ability to make a decision based on the need of the project. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I say this so, because as a QA Manager, there would be many times when you might have to act as a judge between conflicts- that can be within people who report you directly or between two people, who are on different teams, one of which would be led by you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seen instances where the QA Manager or the QA Lead, is &lt;strong&gt;expected&lt;/strong&gt; to take the side of QA people, since , you are from a QA/Testing background, and these are the times when you would be to have the best skills to resolute a conflict, with the best interest of both the project, company and people. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another skill that you should have or rather that you would need to learn quickly is the effective delegation of work to your team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-09-22T17:57:03.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29764" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-22T19:48:33.403" Score="1" ViewCount="1377" Body="&lt;p&gt;Working in an inherited automation codebase.  There is a method which waits to see if jQuery has been initialized.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.until(new Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, Boolean&amp;gt;() {&#xA;                    @Override&#xA;                    public Boolean apply(WebDriver webDriver) {&#xA;                        boolean go = (Long) runJavaScript(&quot;return jQuery.active&quot;) == 0;&#xA;                        if (!go) {&#xA;                            LOGGER.debug(&quot;stalling&quot;);&#xA;                        }&#xA;                        return go;&#xA;                    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ran into an issue with jQuery not being defined.  I added a check to see if jQuery is defined and refactored the code to use a lambda expression &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.until((Function&amp;lt;WebDriver, Boolean&amp;gt;) webDriver -&amp;gt; {&#xA;                    boolean go = (Boolean) runJavaScript(&quot;return !!window.jQuery &amp;amp;&amp;amp; jQuery.active == 0&quot;);&#xA;                    if(!go){&#xA;                        LOGGER.debug(&quot;stalling&quot;);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    return go;&#xA;                });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question pertains to the casting of the return of &lt;code&gt;runJavaScript&lt;/code&gt; which is just a custom wrapper of JavaScriptExecutor's &lt;code&gt;executeScript&lt;/code&gt; method.  Initially it was built to return &lt;code&gt;jQuery.active&lt;/code&gt; cast it to a &lt;code&gt;Long&lt;/code&gt; and compare it to zero.  I refactored it to cast the return of &lt;code&gt;jQuery.active == 0&lt;/code&gt; to a &lt;code&gt;boolean&lt;/code&gt;.   Is there any value to cast to a &lt;code&gt;Long&lt;/code&gt; over a &lt;code&gt;boolean&lt;/code&gt; in this case? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14559" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:53:29.737" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:53:29.737" Title="Casting jQuery.active from the executeJavaScript method" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29766" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29768" CreationDate="2017-09-23T21:09:19.393" Score="1" ViewCount="779" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to run my e-2-e tests using protractor and saucelabs.  When I run protractor I see the following output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;protractor conf.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[15:56:40] I/launcher - Running 1 instances of WebDriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[15:56:40] I/sauce - Using SauceLabs selenium server at&#xA;  &lt;a href=&quot;https://ondemand.saucelabs.com:80&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://ondemand.saucelabs.com:80&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oWp4A.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oWp4A.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Nothing happens at this point and no test results are showing in my Saucelabs dashboard.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my Protractor config file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; exports.config = {&#xA;      framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;      sauceUser: 'username',&#xA;      sauceKey: 'key',&#xA;      sauceSeleniumAddress: 'ondemand.saucelabs.com:80', &#xA;      specs: ['signup-specs.js', 'smoke-specs.js', 'schedule-specs.js'],&#xA;      jasmineNodeOpts: {&#xA;         showColors: true, // Use colors in the command line report.&#xA;         isVerbose: true,&#xA;         includeStackTrace: true&#xA;      },&#xA;      params: {&#xA;         url: ''&#xA;      },&#xA;      onPrepare: function () {&#xA;         browser.driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;      }&#xA; };&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can run my test locally using my local selenium server, but I can't get the tests to run in saucelabs.  Can anyone point me in the right direction?  I haven't installed anything specific to saucelabs at this point, I just updated my config file with the saucelabs specific properties.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26197" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T03:06:08.820" Title="Cannot run tests using Protractor and Saucelabs" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29768" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29766" CreationDate="2017-09-24T03:06:08.820" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution to my problem was to remove the sauceSeleniumAddress property from the config file.  Once I did that my tests started running in Saucelabs.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26197" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T03:06:08.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29749" CreationDate="2017-09-24T04:55:28.743" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At a broader level, here is the list of things that you would be responsible for, in a Test Manager role (irrespective of the company you work for):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Planning and control&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Analysis and design&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implementation and execution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Evaluating exit criteria and reporting&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test closure activities&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can talk at length about each of these topics. You will be able to play this role efficiently only if you have acquired a lot of experience in software testing. For example, there are different aspects related to test planning, understanding the nature of application, whether functional automation would be required or not. If required, what are the best tools that should be used? How much effort it would take? What all risks do you foresee? Defining the scope of testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because if you don't plan it well then you are caught in your own plan when unexpected things happen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People management is a part of it but there are other important things that you are supposed to drive. One wrong decision can put not only you but your whole team in trouble.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But still I would suggest you to go for it. You will make mistakes when you initially step into this role but will gradually understand all the aspects of it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend you to go through the ISTQB Test Manager study material. That will be helpful to you. Later on, you can also do the certification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T04:55:28.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29770" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22685" CreationDate="2017-09-24T09:06:09.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think you could try this way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private  int randomInt;&#xA;&#xA;Random rd = new Random();&#xA;for (int idx = 1000; idx &amp;lt;= 100000; ++idx) {&#xA;randomInt = rd.nextInt(100000);&#xA;}&#xA;driver.findElement(By.id(“source”)).sendKeys(randomInt);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27753" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-24T13:55:13.950" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T13:55:13.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29335" CreationDate="2017-09-24T10:11:31.667" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I found was quitting the chromedriver as there was multiple processes of chromedriver running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Killing the process is best solution I get. Use the Task scheduler to end the process of chromedriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16035" LastActivityDate="2017-09-24T10:11:31.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29773" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-24T13:47:02.340" Score="2" ViewCount="23696" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hi I'm using selenium on Java and here's the situation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;article&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;inner-article&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a style=&quot;height:150px;&quot; href=&quot;link&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;img width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;150&quot; src=&quot;//somelink.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Qxvd 81gof8&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;a class=&quot;name-link&quot; href=&quot;something&quot;&amp;gt;THE NAME I&quot;M USING TO FIND THIS ELEMENT&#xA;       &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;a class=&quot;name-link&quot; href=&quot;somelink&quot;&amp;gt;Colour1&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/article&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;article&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div class=&quot;inner-article&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a style=&quot;height:150px;&quot; href=&quot;somelink&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;img width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;150&quot; src=&quot;someotherlink.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;S83glqvbtt8&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h1&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;a class=&quot;name-link&quot; href=&quot;link&quot;&amp;gt;THE SAME NAME I&quot;M USING&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;a class=&quot;name-link&quot; href=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Colour2&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/article&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I want to do is to click on the item with colour2 in it. For now I'm just clicking on the first item on the site by searching for the name of element &quot;THE NAME I&quot;M USING TO FIND THIS ELEMENT&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[text()[contains(., 'THE NAME I&quot;M USING TO FIND THIS ELEMENT')]]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also wanted to add that there's more elements containing &quot;colour 2&quot; on the site so I need something that will find &quot;colour2&quot; by will start searching from &quot;&gt;THE SAME NAME I&quot;M USING&quot; element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28208" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T12:19:27.563" LastActivityDate="2018-05-04T19:30:32.517" Title="Selenium webdriver select element &quot;next to&quot; already selected element" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29773" CreationDate="2017-09-24T13:59:13.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;driver.findElements()&lt;/code&gt; function. It will find multiple items with the same By clauses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here some example code to click on both elements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; elements = box.findElements(By.something);&#xA; elements.get(0).click();&#xA; elememts.get(1).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to find and click on this element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;name-link&quot; href=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;Colour2&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might want to try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Colour2&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8882295/how-to-get-the-first-element-of-the-list-or-set&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8882295/how-to-get-the-first-element-of-the-list-or-set&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techbeamers.com/findelement-and-findelements-commands-examples/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.techbeamers.com/findelement-and-findelements-commands-examples/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T09:25:37.400" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T09:25:37.400" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29776" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13059" CreationDate="2017-09-24T19:51:14.963" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This error clearly says that &quot;Not a file or directory&quot; which means the path is not correct. &#xA;I assume that the feature files can be at the two places only:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;With in the src folder or src sub-folders.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Outside the src folder, which means you keep your features files in some folder in the project but outside src package.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first case you should specify your CucumberOptions as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(Cucumber.class)&#xA;@CucumberOptions(&#xA;        features = &quot;src/somefolder/Feature&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@RunWith(Cucumber.class)&#xA;@CucumberOptions(&#xA;        features = &quot;Feature&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look at the example of second &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/cucumber/first-cucumber-selenium-java-test/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;case here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28210" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-02-23T07:11:10.767" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T07:11:10.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29729" CreationDate="2017-09-25T05:26:47.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter startup script checks for Java version using &lt;a href=&quot;https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc732459%28v=ws.11%29.aspx?f=255&amp;amp;MSPPError=-2147217396&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Findstr&lt;/a&gt; program. On &quot;normal&quot; Windows installation the &lt;code&gt;Findstr&lt;/code&gt; program should exist in &lt;code&gt;C:\Windows\System32&lt;/code&gt; directory therefore it should be on your system &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000549.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PATH&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you fix this issue by either fixing your system PATH or copying the &lt;code&gt;findstr.exe&lt;/code&gt; file to the &quot;bin&quot; folder of your Java or JMeter installation you should be in position to run your JMeter test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Detailed steps on Jenkins build configuration you can find in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/continuous-integration-101-how-run-jmeter-jenkins&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous Integration 101: How to Run JMeter With Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; article.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T05:26:47.487" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29778" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28425" CreationDate="2017-09-25T05:41:19.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no way you can send a Byte Array as parameter through HTTP Sampler.&#xA;HTTP Sampler only works with Strings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So one of the solution is to use the Java Request Sampler. You can make you customized sampler and create a byte array and send it as parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12033" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T05:41:19.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29780" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29675" CreationDate="2017-09-25T08:02:24.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;General idea is to skip, disable or otherwise exclude the test case from the run. That way your build will pass but you will have to remember to get skipped case back into the test suit once it's fixed so it will be included in all future builds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some frameworks offer a special marker/status: &lt;code&gt;expected to fail&lt;/code&gt;. Cases marked as expected to fail will not be treated as failed but in the report you'll see that those are failing &quot;as expected&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion that is the best approach. See for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/skipping.html#xfail-mark-test-functions-as-expected-to-fail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/skipping.html#xfail-mark-test-functions-as-expected-to-fail&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19521" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T08:02:24.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29786" CreationDate="2017-09-25T09:45:20.830" Score="7" ViewCount="3489" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently been tasked with incorporating automated testing into my company's development life cycle for one of our products (the product is a web-based software application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After doing some research into the various automated testing suites available, I decided to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://protractortest.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt;, as it appears to provide all of the functionality that we will need, and also seems to be well documented &amp;amp; maintained.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have successfully got Protractor set up and running with our application, and am now starting to design &amp;amp; implement the tests that we will require in order to ensure the functionality &amp;amp; stability of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As things currently stand, all of the tests I have written are in the &lt;code&gt;spec.js&lt;/code&gt; file in a 'testing' folder within the project structure, and I have been using comments to document that file, and keep the tests grouped with other similar tests/ tests for the same 'part' of the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since I am relatively new to automated testing, my question is: what is the best practice for developing an automated test suite that will be run on every release of your software? Is it best to define all of the tests within a single file (i.e. the &lt;code&gt;spec.js&lt;/code&gt; file I'm currently using), or is it better to have separate files for each part of the software you're testing, in order to keep the tests more structured? What are the reasons for/ against either approach? Or is it simply a case of preference?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T11:58:32.063" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T09:06:04.217" Title="Best practice when writing an automated test suite - all tests in one file?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-infrastructure&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29785" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-25T11:35:51.607" Score="2" ViewCount="3408" Body="&lt;p&gt;How i can compare two dataset return from diffrent operation in Jmeter ? &#xA;First data returns from JDBC PreProcessor - Declear variable StCode and data returns in below mention format&#xA;StCode_1 = abc&#xA;StCode_2 = ad&#xA;StCode_3 = abcd&#xA;StCode_4 = adw&#xA;StCode_5 = abcq&#xA;StCode_6 = adr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second data returns from JSON Extractor - Declear variable StCodeJson and data returns in below mention format&#xA;StCodeJson_1 = abc&#xA;StCodeJson_2  = ad&#xA;StCodeJson_3 = abcd&#xA;StCodeJson_4 adw&#xA;StCodeJson_5  = abcq&#xA;StCodeJson_6 = adr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to compare StCode  and StCodeJson, Can we store both data in string or list? Or how we can proceed with other ways ?How i can compare two dataset return from diffrent operation in Jmeter ? &#xA;First data returns from JDBC PreProcessor - Declear variable StCode and data returns in below mention format&#xA;StCode_1 = abc&#xA;StCode_2 = ad&#xA;StCode_3 = abcd&#xA;StCode_4 = adw&#xA;StCode_5 = abcq&#xA;StCode_6 = adr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second data returns from JSON Extractor - Declear variable StCodeJson and data returns in below mention format&#xA;StCodeJson_1 = abc&#xA;StCodeJson_2  = ad&#xA;StCodeJson_3 = abcd&#xA;StCodeJson_4 adw&#xA;StCodeJson_5  = abcq&#xA;StCodeJson_6 = adr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to compare StCode and StCodeJson, Can we store both data in string or list? Or how we can proceed with other ways?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15680" LastActivityDate="2018-11-23T14:01:50.353" Title="Jmeter Data Compare for functional testing" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29781" CreationDate="2017-09-25T11:58:01.667" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally as code bases grow you should divide up code into small individual chunks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example with application code you &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; have all the classes and methods in one file - say 12,500 lines long.  However that becomes impractical and unweildy to edit.  It's better to break code up into individual classes and put each in a separate file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same principle applies to tests.  You &lt;em&gt;could&lt;/em&gt; have all the test code in one place but it is better to break it up.  This will also give the opportunity to organize it.  For example if there are 7 classes that you are testing against you can create tests for each class in a separate file which is named accordingly.  This now provides structure and organization for the test code to make changes and maintenance easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T11:58:01.667" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29785" CreationDate="2017-09-25T12:06:50.077" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; for this, it can compare 2 JMeter Variables, for example if you want to compare &lt;code&gt;StCode_1&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;StCodeJson_1&lt;/code&gt; variables:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add Response Assertion as a child of the request which you want to fail if the comparison fails&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Configure it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Apply to: &lt;code&gt;JMeter Variable&lt;/code&gt; - &gt; &lt;code&gt;StCode_1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pattern Matching Rules: &lt;code&gt;Equals&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patterns to Test: &lt;code&gt;${StCodeJson_1}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NjLoY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NjLoY.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Response Assertion&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If there will be a mismatch - JMeter will fail the parent Sampler and report the reason as an Assertion Failure message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZUOkD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZUOkD.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Compare Variables&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Assertion&lt;/a&gt; to compare all the variables in one shot using some form of &lt;a href=&quot;http://grails.asia/groovy-for-loop-examples&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;For Loop&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-jmeter-assertions-3-easy-steps&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use JMeter Assertions in Three Easy Steps&lt;/a&gt; article for more details on conditionally failing JMeter samplers using Assertions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T12:06:50.077" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29789" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29781" CreationDate="2017-09-25T12:21:27.360" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Generally speaking, it depends on the application&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a very simple application where you're only automating a single type of tests, dividing things up into multiple files adds very little value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For a complex application with multiple segments, where you're automating several different types of tests, it's clearly a good idea to separate things into a sensible file structure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For applications that are neither very simple nor very complex, separation into multiple files will be less necessary but it helps the understandability and maintainability of the automated tests to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also depends on what tools you're using to automate your tests. When you're writing automated tests in a language like Python, it makes sense to create one or more libraries to hold functions that you will use across multiple test cases and/or test types. Testing frameworks like Cucumber, Fitnesse or Robotframework often also have a set of 'best practices' that stem from how the framework was designed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While there is no 'one size fits all' sort of solution, as a rule of thumb &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; separation into multiple files is practically always a good idea. What exact separation you should make is up to you and your team to decide since it's highly dependant on your approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T12:21:27.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29790" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29792" CreationDate="2017-09-25T12:27:01.483" Score="7" ViewCount="19329" Body="&lt;p&gt;So I have multiple TextBoxes I need to fill and &lt;code&gt;Sendkeys()&lt;/code&gt; takes a lot of time, is there a faster way to fill TextBoxes in Selenium?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28208" LastEditorUserId="33047" LastEditDate="2019-07-02T12:28:03.133" LastActivityDate="2019-07-02T12:28:03.133" Title="Selenium WebDriver faster way to fill textboxes than Sendkeys()" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29791" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29773" CreationDate="2017-09-25T12:36:30.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't actually need the item with text &quot;Colour1&quot;, and the text is a link, your best option is to start with &lt;code&gt;findElements(By.ByLinkText(&quot;Colour2&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should then be able to check each element in the list by navigating the DOM (&lt;code&gt;element.parent.parent&lt;/code&gt;) and check for the parent element's innerText containing your search string. (&lt;code&gt;parentElement.findElement(By.ByLinkText(&quot;THE SAME NAME I&quot;M USING&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, you can do &lt;code&gt;findElements(By.ByTagName(&quot;article&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; and then do a search for the element that contains both your search string and &quot;Colour2&quot; in its innerText.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T12:36:30.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29790" CreationDate="2017-09-25T13:04:26.840" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can do all of that in a single script that you send via &lt;code&gt;executeScript()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&#xA;    &quot;document.getElementById('elementID1').setAttribute('value', 'value1');&quot; + &#xA;    &quot;document.getElementById('elementID2').setAttribute('value', 'value2')&quot;);&#xA;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This, on one hand would require a &lt;em&gt;single selenium &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON over HTTP&lt;/a&gt; command&lt;/em&gt;, which should provide a serious performance boost. On the other hand, you are not on the &lt;code&gt;selenium&lt;/code&gt; webdriver territory at this point - elements are located directly via &lt;code&gt;getElementById&lt;/code&gt;, the sending keys is not simulated, but rather a value is directly set. There could be some related issue with that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T13:04:26.840" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29781" CreationDate="2017-09-25T13:30:32.250" Score="5" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Definitely, not in a single file.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It does not scale. Putting tests into a single growing file hurts readability, becomes inconvenient to navigate through and prevents you you from seeing a bigger picture. Remember that the &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20070406-00/?p=27343&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Code is much more often read than written&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are using Protractor as well and have a large test codebase and I think, we've learned a lot of lessons along the way. What is working for us are the following principles:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object pattern&lt;/a&gt; to abstract away the elements and blocks of a page building a convenient API for your tests to use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;put page objects to under &lt;code&gt;po&lt;/code&gt; directory, specs to under &lt;code&gt;specs&lt;/code&gt; organized using inner directories per screen or per feature. Here is our current directory structure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/config&#xA;/helpers  (a collection of helper methods and internal testing utilities)&#xA;/po&#xA;    /dashboard.po&#xA;        index.js&#xA;        filters.po.js&#xA;    profile.po.js&#xA;/specs&#xA;    /dashboard&#xA;        /validation&#xA;        defaultView.spec.js&#xA;    /exportToExcel&#xA;        ...   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note how we are defining some page objects as &quot;node packages&quot; in directories with &lt;code&gt;index.js&lt;/code&gt; and &quot;child&quot; page objects. We are also using &lt;code&gt;requirePO&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;requireHelper&lt;/code&gt; functions to ease importing page objects and helpers inside tests, suggested &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/31491952/771848&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;follow &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/style-guide&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor's Style Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;one test file should cover one particular block of functionality - it should be easy to set the &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt; description in one sentence without using &quot;and&quot; (&quot;and&quot; is usually a sign that you are trying to test two or more different things)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;aim to &lt;em&gt;one assertion per test&lt;/em&gt; - this is not always achievable and does not always make sense, but most of the times this helps to avoid testing too many things in a single test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you are nesting &lt;code&gt;describe&lt;/code&gt; blocks into each other - this is a strong sign of over-complicating this particular test. See if you are better off creating separate test files. &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Flat is better than nested.&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; (from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Zen of Python&quot;&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;we also had success in using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/jasmine-data-provider&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jasmine-data-provider&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; that allows to &quot;multiply&quot; and parameterize tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;enforce Style Guide and other rules with &lt;em&gt;static code analysis&lt;/em&gt; (we've been using &lt;a href=&quot;https://eslint.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ESLint&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/eslint-plugin-jasmine&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;eslint-plugin-jasmine&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/alecxe/eslint-plugin-protractor&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;eslint-plugin-protractor&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; plugins)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;group tests into logical groups with &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30331018/suites-vs-specs-protractor&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;suites&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T13:42:22.090" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T13:42:22.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29795" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29781" CreationDate="2017-09-25T14:35:05.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way that I've organized automated test solutions is... 1 Project per application, 1 Folder per major area of the application, 1 TestClass file per screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the granularity of your application and amount of tests you could write for it, you might need nested levels of folders that properly reflect the product's granularity.  I.e. if an application has a tabstrip with 10 tabs, and each of these tabs contains 10 page navigations, then your project maybe should have 2 levels of folders, rather than a single folder with 100 test files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're going to have 2 or more people writing 100+ automated tests for a single area (i.e. a single page), you might want to look for a way to divide that area up into multiple test files for each logical unit.  That would allow each SDET / Automation Intern to work in a separate file, and you could avoid them having to resolve merge conflicts on a daily basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28225" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T14:35:05.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29781" CreationDate="2017-09-25T14:49:38.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Split the tests by feature&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will definitely help to split the tests up into &quot;suites&quot; which test features or functionality that fit together in human usage flow (eg 'login' might test the login page display, authentication, OAuth2 etc. but is really just all under login).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use a test runner&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your testing framework doesn't allow you to do this (it &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/lib/config.ts#L225&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;does&lt;/a&gt;) then you can &lt;strong&gt;make your own test runner script&lt;/strong&gt;. Once you have more tests and more complex cases, you'll want a special set of test data known as &quot;fixtures&quot;, such as email addresses that don't contain &quot;@&quot; for testing form validation, and login details for test users. A test runner can help add this data and remove it afterwards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Advanced Testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems like you're doing automated functional testing. I recommend examining other testing tools like Cucumber (a testing language anyone can read &amp;amp; write) and Selenium (which automates real browsers like Chrome, Firefox etc.) which can be used on any web application - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behat_(computer_science)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Behat&lt;/a&gt; uses both of these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28224" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T14:49:38.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29790" CreationDate="2017-09-25T15:18:10.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;JavaScriptExecutor&lt;/code&gt; where you can use methods like &lt;code&gt;getElementById&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;getElementByName&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;JavascriptExecutor myExecutor =   ((JavascriptExecutor) driver);&#xA;myExecutor.executeScript.   (&quot;document.getElementsByName('q')[0].value='Kirtesh'&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;driver.quit();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T03:35:07.590" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T03:35:07.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29799" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29738" CreationDate="2017-09-25T17:21:23.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Change the name of class it causes ambiguity when you access or try to import the &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt;  for locating your element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T17:21:23.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29737" CreationDate="2017-09-25T20:04:16.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Turns out I HAD to have a package.json file in the project to get jest to run.  Verified by adding a package.json file at the _tests_ level of the project. Removing the package.json reproduced the error.  Even though there doesn't seem to be any obvious affect of this file on jest, it won't run tests without it. This sadly is a result of my lack of knowledge on the requirements for javascript tests and related tools.  I stumbled on the solution because I knew I wanted my project to be runnable elsewhere and thus needed a package.json to allow for easy deployment with the 'npm install' command. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28000" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T20:04:16.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29802" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31381" CreationDate="2017-09-25T20:22:53.140" Score="5" ViewCount="3938" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to be able to run a subset of it's or describe's in a Jasmine test file using jest with some type of tagging system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know I can indicate a filter of sorts by using a word after the keyword jest in the command line. For example, running `jest dashboard' when there are 2 test files, 'dashboard.api.spec.js' and 'navigation.api.spec.js', will only run the tests in 'dashboard.api.spec.js'. But what if I have a subset of dashboard tests in 'dashboard.api.spec.js' that I consider smoke tests that I want to be able to pinpoint to run? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen the documentation on 'fit' and 'fdescribe', but that requires the user to modify the source code.  I'd prefer to be able to say something like jest --tags='smoke'. I found something similar on the jest github: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/2846&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Issue 2846&lt;/a&gt;, but it seems it was shot down in August 2017. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there another module or way to configure jest short of making multiple files with different subsets of tests that would fit what I'm trying to accomplish? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28000" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T11:52:08.510" Title="Is there a way to run a subset of tests using Jest?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;&lt;jestjs&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29790" CreationDate="2017-09-25T21:45:58.607" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;To add to the answer given by @alecxe, I wanted to point out that you can pass into the executed Javascript a WebElement that you have already located using the WebDriver. It would look something like the code below (note that I typically work in C# and the exact code provided has not been tested).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;void SetElementText(WebDriver driver, WebElement textInput, String textValue) {&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;    js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].setAttribute('value', 'arguments[1]')&quot;, textInput, textValue);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give a concrete example of the negative effects of doing this, consider the case where the text input that you have located is currently &lt;strong&gt;disabled&lt;/strong&gt;. If you used &lt;code&gt;sendKeys()&lt;/code&gt;, an exception would be thrown and the test would fail - this would be the desired result, because if you expect to be able to enter text into a field, and the field is disabled, the test should fail. However, if you set the value of the field using executed Javascript, the value will be successfully set, and the test will continue - your test may have just failed to identify a regression in your software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If using this method, extra precautions should be taken to ensure that the element is in the expected state. I personally wouldn't recommend going this route simply for a performance improvement, unless you are dealing with an extreme case, like a page with dozens of fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastEditorUserId="23440" LastEditDate="2017-09-25T22:01:05.507" LastActivityDate="2017-09-25T22:01:05.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29804" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26383" CreationDate="2017-09-26T01:14:29.163" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a software tester with no programming skills (and I'm not even very tech savvy). My role in our small company is to manually test web apps under development and automate regression testing for updates to our products in production. LeapTest has been fantastic for regression testing. It is very simple to use and not once have I had to ask a programmer for assistance. I am currently investigating how to integrate LeapTest into our Dev stream. Once we have Dev, QA, Staging, and Prod environments setup, I think we can use LeapTest open API to automate Dev work. I will likely need a little help with the integration, but I have found LeapTest support to extremely responsive, helpful, and patient. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28232" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T01:14:29.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29781" CreationDate="2017-09-26T04:01:45.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of how I have structured the latest python project I have been working on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P8rJs.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/P8rJs.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LRe6X.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LRe6X.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, python doesn't have inbuilt method grouping like ruby Rspec. So I just group unit tests on which particular method I am unit testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NyqG7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NyqG7.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;hope this helps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28234" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T04:01:45.480" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29806" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29821" CreationDate="2017-09-26T06:52:23.943" Score="4" ViewCount="1929" Body="&lt;p&gt;I get a warning from this test but I don't know how to handle it. The warning is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;/usr/lib/python3.5/unittest/case.py:600: ResourceWarning: unclosed file &amp;lt;_io.BufferedReader name='/tmp/20170926_084744_545761.pdf'&amp;gt;&#xA;  testMethod()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code I'm testing (with Mako and Bottle) is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  pdf.pdf_export(selected_date=selected_date, values=values, to_pdf_file=to_pdf_file)&#xA;            return static_file(to_pdf_file, root='/tmp', download=filename)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test case looks as follows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; # Test is based on assumption of having the appropriate parameters for the expected output&#xA;    def testPDFexportByLogic(self):&#xA;        filter = ''&#xA;        sortby = '1'&#xA;        reverse1 = '1'&#xA;        reverse = True&#xA;        if reverse1 == '-1': reverse = False&#xA;&#xA;        oncall_logic = OncallLogic(self.resources, view_type=OncallViewType.daily)&#xA;        oncall_logic.set_selections(selected_customer_id='417', listing_customer_ids='417',&#xA;                                    selected_date='20170925')&#xA;        pdf_file = oncall_logic.get_oncall_pdf_export_daily_events(self.resources, '417',&#xA;                                                                   '417', '20170925', filter=filter,&#xA;                                                                   sortby=int(sortby), reverse=reverse)&#xA;&#xA;        filename = 'pdf-temp'&#xA;        with open(filename, 'wb') as w:&#xA;            w.write(pdf_file.body.read())&#xA;        self.assertIn(&quot;Sjukhus&quot;, str(self.convert_pdf_to_txt(filename)))&#xA;        os.remove(filename)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above test succeeds to render the PDF and check the text, but I get a warning from running the test. Is the warning from the actual test or from running the code which is tested? Which file is it that I must close, if any?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I restructure the code and I still get the warning. I still get the ResourceWarning. I don't understand it because I only open one file and the warning is about the other file. Why???&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def testPDFexportByLogic(self):&#xA;&#xA;    filename = 'pdf-temp'&#xA;    with open(filename, 'wb') as w:&#xA;        oncall_logic = OncallLogic(self.resources, view_type=OncallViewType.daily)&#xA;        oncall_logic.set_selections(selected_customer_id='417', listing_customer_ids='417',&#xA;                                    selected_date='20170925')&#xA;        pdf_file = oncall_logic.get_oncall_pdf_export_daily_events(self.resources, '417',&#xA;                                                                   '417', '20170925')&#xA;        w.write(pdf_file.body.read())&#xA;        w.close()&#xA;        self.assertIn(&quot;Sjukhus&quot;, str(self.convert_pdf_to_txt(filename)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are my import statements in the test code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import os&#xA;import io&#xA;import pdfminer&#xA;&#xA;from controllers.oncall import oncall&#xA;from pdfminer.pdfinterp import PDFResourceManager, PDFPageInterpreter&#xA;from pdfminer.converter import TextConverter&#xA;from pdfminer.layout import LAParams&#xA;from pdfminer.pdfpage import PDFPage&#xA;from business.logic.oncall.oncall_logic import OncallLogic&#xA;from business.resources.entities.gui.gui_settings import OncallViewType&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is more code that is tested:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def pdf_export(self, selected_date, values, to_pdf_file):&#xA;    &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;     @param selected_date: Date of the view to export&#xA;     @type selected_date: str&#xA;     @param values: Dict with values for the template the write on&#xA;     @type values: dict&#xA;     @param to_pdf_file: Name of the PDF file to write&#xA;     @type to_pdf_file: str&#xA;     &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA;    css = '/srv/http/python.dev/python-common/static_files/css/pdf-export-styles.css'&#xA;    pdfkit.from_string(render_template(&quot;oncall/dayview_pdf_export&quot;, values), '/tmp/' + to_pdf_file, css=css)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1323" LastEditorUserId="1323" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T12:57:27.857" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T14:08:25.893" Title="Getting warning from unit test" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29806" CreationDate="2017-09-26T07:30:08.573" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per the explanation given &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21057942/python-unclosed-resource-is-it-safe-to-delete-the-file&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This ResourceWarning means that you opened a file, used it, but then forgot to close the file. Python closes it for you when it notices that the file object is dead, but this only occurs after some unknown time has elapsed. Thus in recent versions, Python also prints a ResourceWarning when it does that. It is a way for you to quickly identify where the unclosed files are, and properly close them. It might be important on some platforms which cannot have more than N files opened at the same time (e.g. 1024). Also, specifically on Windows, you cannot do some operations with a file if it's still open (e.g. deleting it).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should structure the code so that the work and conversion/assertion you're doing is inside the &lt;code&gt;with open(filename, 'wb') as w:&lt;/code&gt; block. You can take a cue from how the code is structured &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44592843/python3-reportlab-image-resourcewarning-unclosed-file-io-bufferedreader-na&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T07:30:08.573" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25770" CreationDate="2017-09-26T08:43:19.357" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with points raised by both Peter and Michael.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming the app exposes an API, there should be API tests.  You need to test the API to have confidence that that layer works as expected before moving up a layer and testing the UI.  What you have pointed out is that there is a problem, what you don't know (yet) is whether the problem is API related or between the interaction between the two components in the UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the API tests, I'd suggest using SoapUI or Postman.  With these tools, you can call the API, store the response, then call the db and verify that the response contains the expected db items.  Take a look at Asserts.  If the API response doesn't match the expected items from the db, then the API test is a fail.  You can also trace how long these API calls take, which might help when testing the UI....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of the UI test.  Is the speed of the test too fast for the interaction between the two components?  Have you tried manually testing with the console window open to see if there are any logging messages?  This might give you a clue as to any issues between the two components.  In the UI test, you can pause whilst you wait for the parts dropdown to load after the vehicle dropdown has been clicked.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T08:43:19.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29694" CreationDate="2017-09-26T09:18:02.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;try this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var width_size = 1024;&#xA;var width_size = 786;&#xA;driver.manage().window().setSize(width_size , width_size );&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T09:18:02.260" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29811" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-26T09:32:19.450" Score="2" ViewCount="276" Body="&lt;p&gt;In one of my test case I hit the rest API using restAssured and the API always returns the response in pure HTML. The returned HTML is basically the source of a valid page. Now I can't use &lt;code&gt;webDriver.get(URL);&lt;/code&gt; method since I don't have a direct URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does selenium provide any such method in which I can open the HTML source directly in the browser instead of providing a URL?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T12:24:39.650" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T13:47:42.453" Title="In Selenium Webdriver, can we initialize a webdriver object with the HTML source instead of a URL" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29814" CreationDate="2017-09-26T10:12:06.530" Score="7" ViewCount="1919" Body="&lt;p&gt;Recently I have changed my job and joined in a startup company for automation. We are 3 members in automation team but I feel the other 2 members are not that much capable to think the coding logic, debug problem and scripting as expected from automation tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have conducted POC, created the road map and project configuration and integration (maven, TestNG, bitbucket and all) by myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All time only I have to complete and commit the task listed for automation. While since 1 month, other team members only getting what I have written as they are not sound in it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My queries are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How do I deal with this situation. Do I carry on my progress as I am doing right now so once the other team members are used to it then they start with the same?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Organization culture is, here you have to show your work there is no time bound. Also my team lead suggested that you can take enough time. No need to  hurry. What should I do?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is there some other suggestion so I can use them and continue my work as I want?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="24952" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T17:03:47.573" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T17:03:47.573" Title="How to deal with Automation team if not all members are sound in scripting" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29813" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29817" CreationDate="2017-09-26T10:41:38.830" Score="7" ViewCount="433" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used dependency injection in some projects but I didn't fully understand why. I think it is partly to facilitate TDD - if we use dependency injection then many dependencies of the software can be injected/&quot;mocked&quot; and like that we can test them without having the dependency, for instance, an underlying data set that is mocked during the tests instead of supplied as it actually is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this correct or did I misunderstand?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1323" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T12:53:31.263" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T17:04:44.897" Title="Is dependency injection suitable for TDD?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;&lt;external-dependencies&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29812" CreationDate="2017-09-26T12:03:17.190" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;No matter what else you do, you will need your team lead's approval before you act. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend that you take some proposals to your team lead, after you have done the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measure skill levels&lt;/strong&gt; - find out just how much skill you and your fellow team members have with coding and designing automated tests. There are plenty of online tutorials and courses you can use for this. You may find that what you thought was a lack of skill is just miscommunication.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plan to cross-train all team members&lt;/strong&gt; - once you have an idea where skills need to be boosted, you can come up with a plan to deal with that.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plan to train in the code framework(s)&lt;/strong&gt; - Assuming your proof of concept and road map is approved, your team members will still need to become familiar with it. This prevents people recreating library code because they don't realize it already exists.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have your lead's agreement and approval you can start looking at bringing everyone up to speed on what they need - if your lead is in charge of a larger group this means that you will be effectively the automation team lead. If not, you are positioning yourself as your lead's second. You will need to be careful about how you approach this to avoid causing difficulties in the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no &quot;correct&quot; answer for this situation. The first thing you need to do is find out if your impression of your team members' skills is correct, and move from there. You can't do this without your team lead's approval.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T12:03:17.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29815" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29965" CreationDate="2017-09-26T12:22:57.510" Score="0" ViewCount="5229" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to click on display button in Settings app.&#xA;But &quot;findElementBy..&quot; statement is not working, Sometimes I get 'nullpointer exception' or 'no such element exist' exception and some times test passes without clicking Display button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oUAaI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oUAaI.png&quot; alt=&quot;Click to View Image&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried with different application but still the findElementBy... is not working in Win10.&#xA;But the same piece of code is working, when I run it on the same real device from my Win 7 laptop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project is using following jars:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;gson-2.2.2.jar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;java-client-4.1.2.jar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;selenium-server-standalone-3.4.0.jar&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Android Development Tool for Eclipse (addon)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Android for Maven Eclipse 1.4.0 (addon)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Appium Sever (ver: 1.4.13.1)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Appium Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;public void Script1() throws Exception{&#xA;&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();&#xA;&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;automationName&quot;, &quot;UiAutomator 2&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformName&quot;, &quot;Android&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;platformVersion&quot;, &quot;6.0.1&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;deviceName&quot;, &quot;Redmi 3S&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appPackage&quot;, &quot;com.android.settings&quot;);&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appActivity&quot;, &quot;com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    AndroidDriver driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL(&quot;http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub&quot;), capabilities);&#xA;&#xA;    Thread.sleep(5000); &#xA;driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator(&quot;UiSelector().text(\&quot;Display\&quot;)&quot;).click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appium Logs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Launching Appium server with command: C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node.exe lib\server\main.js --address 127.0.0.1 --port 4723 --platform-name Android --platform-version 23 --automation-name Appium --log-no-color&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;warn: Appium support for versions of node &amp;lt; 0.12 has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Please upgrade!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Welcome to Appium v1.4.13 (REV c75d8adcb66a75818a542fe1891a34260c21f76a)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Appium REST http interface listener started on 127.0.0.1:4723&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Non-default server args: {&quot;address&quot;:&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;,&quot;logNoColors&quot;:true,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;23&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;Appium&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Console LogLevel: debug&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: --&gt; POST /wd/hub/session {&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;appPackage&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings&quot;,&quot;appActivity&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;6.0.1&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;UiAutomator 2&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;Redmi 3S&quot;},&quot;requiredCapabilities&quot;:{},&quot;capabilities&quot;:{&quot;desiredCapabilities&quot;:{&quot;appPackage&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings&quot;,&quot;appActivity&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;6.0.1&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;UiAutomator 2&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;Redmi 3S&quot;},&quot;requiredCapabilities&quot;:{},&quot;alwaysMatch&quot;:{&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;},&quot;firstMatch&quot;:[]}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Client User-Agent string: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.3 (Java/1.8.0_144)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Didn't get app but did get Android package, will attempt to launch it on the device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Creating new appium session 44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Starting android appium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Getting Java version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Java version is: 1.8.0_144&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Checking whether adb is present&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Using adb from C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;warn: No app capability, can't parse package/activity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Using fast reset? true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Preparing device for session&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Not checking whether app is present since we are assuming it's already on the device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Retrieving device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Trying to find a connected android device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Getting connected devices...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; devices&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] 1 device(s) connected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Found device 964aa907d030&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Setting device id to 964aa907d030&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Waiting for device to be ready and to respond to shell commands (timeout = 5)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 wait-for-device&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;echo 'ready'&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Starting logcat capture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Getting device API level&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;getprop ro.build.version.sdk&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Device is at API Level 23&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Device API level is: 23&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Extracting strings for language: default&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Apk doesn't exist locally&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Could not get strings, but it looks like we had an old strings file anyway, so ignoring&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;rm -rf /data/local/tmp/strings.json&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Not uninstalling app since server not started with --full-reset&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Skipping install since we launched with a package instead of an app path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Forwarding system:4724 to device:4724&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 forward tcp:4724 tcp:4724&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Pushing appium bootstrap to device...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 push &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\build\android_bootstrap\AppiumBootstrap.jar&quot; /data/local/tmp/&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Pushing settings apk to device...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 install &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\build\settings_apk\settings_apk-debug.apk&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Pushing unlock helper app to device...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 install &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Appium\node_modules\appium\build\unlock_apk\unlock_apk-debug.apk&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Starting App&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Attempting to kill all 'uiautomator' processes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Getting all processes with 'uiautomator'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;ps 'uiautomator'&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] No matching processes found&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Running bootstrap&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] spawning: C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe -s 964aa907d030 shell uiautomator runtest AppiumBootstrap.jar -c io.appium.android.bootstrap.Bootstrap -e pkg com.android.settings -e disableAndroidWatchers false&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: numtests=1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: stream=&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] io.appium.android.bootstrap.Bootstrap:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: id=UiAutomatorTestRunner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: test=testRunServer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: class=io.appium.android.bootstrap.Bootstrap&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: current=1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS_CODE: 1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Socket opened on port 4724&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Appium Socket Server Ready&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Waking up device if it's not alive&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Pushing command to appium work queue: [&quot;wake&quot;,{}]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Loading json...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Registered crash watchers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Client connected&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;action&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;wake&quot;,&quot;params&quot;:{}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type ACTION&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command action: wake&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:true}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;dumpsys window&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Screen already unlocked, continuing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Pushing command to appium work queue: [&quot;getDataDir&quot;,{}]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;action&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;getDataDir&quot;,&quot;params&quot;:{}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type ACTION&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command action: getDataDir&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:&quot;/data/local/tmp&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] dataDir set to: /data/local/tmp&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Pushing command to appium work queue: [&quot;compressedLayoutHierarchy&quot;,{&quot;compressLayout&quot;:false}]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;action&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;compressedLayoutHierarchy&quot;,&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;compressLayout&quot;:false}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type ACTION&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command action: compressedLayoutHierarchy&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:false}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Getting device API level&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;getprop ro.build.version.sdk&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Device is at API Level 23&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;am start -S -a android.intent.action.MAIN -c android.intent.category.LAUNCHER -f 0x10200000 -n com.android.settings/com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Waiting for pkg &quot;com.android.settings&quot; and activity &quot;com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot; to be focused&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Getting focused package and activity&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;dumpsys window windows&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;getprop ro.build.version.release&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Device is at release version 6.0.1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Device launched! Ready for commands&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Setting command timeout to the default of 60 secs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Appium session started with sessionId 44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session 303 6622.421 ms - 74 &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: --&gt; GET /wd/hub/session/44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d {}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;LINUX&quot;,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;6.0.1&quot;,&quot;webStorageEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;:true,&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;databaseEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;networkConnectionEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;locationContextEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;warnings&quot;:{},&quot;desired&quot;:{&quot;appPackage&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings&quot;,&quot;appActivity&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;6.0.1&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;UiAutomator 2&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;Redmi 3S&quot;},&quot;appPackage&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings&quot;,&quot;appActivity&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;UiAutomator 2&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;964aa907d030&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: &amp;lt;-- GET /wd/hub/session/44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d 200 1.705 ms - 695 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;platform&quot;:&quot;LINUX&quot;,&quot;browserName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;6.0.1&quot;,&quot;webStorageEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;takesScreenshot&quot;:true,&quot;javascriptEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;databaseEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;networkConnectionEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;locationContextEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;warnings&quot;:{},&quot;desired&quot;:{&quot;appPackage&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings&quot;,&quot;appActivity&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot;,&quot;platformVersion&quot;:&quot;6.0.1&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;UiAutomator 2&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;Redmi 3S&quot;},&quot;appPackage&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings&quot;,&quot;appActivity&quot;:&quot;com.android.settings.MainSettings&quot;,&quot;automationName&quot;:&quot;UiAutomator 2&quot;,&quot;platformName&quot;:&quot;Android&quot;,&quot;deviceName&quot;:&quot;964aa907d030&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: --&gt; POST /wd/hub/session/44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d/element {&quot;using&quot;:&quot;-android uiautomator&quot;,&quot;value&quot;:&quot;UiSelector().text(\&quot;Display\&quot;)&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Waiting up to 0ms for condition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Pushing command to appium work queue: [&quot;find&quot;,{&quot;strategy&quot;:&quot;-android uiautomator&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;UiSelector().text(\&quot;Display\&quot;)&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;multiple&quot;:false}]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;action&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;find&quot;,&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;strategy&quot;:&quot;-android uiautomator&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;UiSelector().text(\&quot;Display\&quot;)&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;multiple&quot;:false}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type ACTION&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command action: find&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Finding UiSelector().text(&quot;Display&quot;) using ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR with the contextId:  multiple: false&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Parsing selector: UiSelector().text(&quot;Display&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] UiSelector coerce type: class java.lang.String arg: &quot;Display&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Using: UiSelector[TEXT=Display]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;ELEMENT&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;ELEMENT&quot;:&quot;1&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session/44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d/element 200 82.340 ms - 87 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:{&quot;ELEMENT&quot;:&quot;1&quot;},&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: --&gt; POST /wd/hub/session/44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d/element/1/click {&quot;id&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}&#xA;  info: [debug] Pushing command to appium work queue: [&quot;element:click&quot;,{&quot;elementId&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;action&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;element:click&quot;,&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;elementId&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type ACTION&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command action: click&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Responding to client with success: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:true,&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: &amp;lt;-- POST /wd/hub/session/44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d/element/1/click 200 40.169 ms - 76 {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:true,&quot;sessionId&quot;:&quot;44f52f68-60a6-4469-9575-0c1bfe2d999d&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:true}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Didn't get a new command in 60 secs, shutting down...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: Shutting down appium session&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Pressing the HOME button&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] executing cmd: &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe&quot; -s 964aa907d030 shell &quot;input keyevent 3&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Stopping logcat capture&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Logcat terminated with code null, signal SIGTERM&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got data from client: {&quot;cmd&quot;:&quot;shutdown&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Got command of type SHUTDOWN&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Returning result: {&quot;status&quot;:0,&quot;value&quot;:&quot;OK, shutting down&quot;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Sent shutdown command, waiting for UiAutomator to stop...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [BOOTSTRAP] [debug] Closed client connection&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: numtests=1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: stream=.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: id=UiAutomatorTestRunner&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: test=testRunServer&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: class=io.appium.android.bootstrap.Bootstrap&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: current=1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS_CODE: 0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: stream=&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] Test results for WatcherResultPrinter=.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] Time: 67.859&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] OK (1 test)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] [UIAUTOMATOR STDOUT] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS_CODE: -1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] UiAutomator shut down normally&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Cleaning up android objects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] Cleaning up appium session&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;info: [debug] We shut down because no new commands came in&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastActivityDate="2020-07-20T09:02:38.993" Title="findElement is not working in Appium on Android" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29811" CreationDate="2017-09-26T12:50:09.870" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The basic idea is to just open a blank page and then &lt;em&gt;set the inner HTML of the current page&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String innerHtml = &quot;your HTML here&quot;;&#xA;driver.executeScript(&quot;document.innerHTML = &quot; + innerHtml);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, you can also save that HTML into a file and then &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/17972885/771848&quot;&gt;open the file via &lt;code&gt;file://&lt;/code&gt; protocol&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;file://path/to/file.html&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T12:50:09.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29813" CreationDate="2017-09-26T12:58:15.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, proper dependency injection benefits testing and TDD greatly because it allows to test individual components/dependencies easier -  mocking/stubing each of the dependencies without affecting any global variables or global dependencies which other parts of an application may depend upon or other tests might use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found it quite handy to write unit and integration tests for the AngularJS application - it was very convenient to simulate all sorts of test pre-conditions by just preparing your services or other components and then injecting them into a component under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T13:10:17.133" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T13:10:17.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29820" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29822" CreationDate="2017-09-26T13:59:00.583" Score="4" ViewCount="12458" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have just recently started working on integrating a test framework into my AngularJS application, using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; do build the test cases &amp;amp; run the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having never used automated testing before, I am still new to it, and still getting to grips with how it works, how to write the test scripts, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently writing a test to check that the correct 'sub-menu' is displayed when the user hovers the cursor over a button on the main navigation bar. The test currently looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('should display the Pages menu', function() {&#xA;    browser.actions().mouseMove(pagesMenuBtn).perform();&#xA;    browser.pause();&#xA;    expect(pageVarBrowser.isDisplayed()).toBeTruthy();&#xA;    browser.pause();&#xA;    browser.actions().mouseMove(userCircle).perform();&#xA;    browser.pause();&#xA;    expect(pageVarBrowser.isDisplayed()).toBeFalsy();&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pagesMenuBtn&lt;/code&gt; is the menu button that will display a sub-menu listing the rest of the pages of the application when the user hovers the cursor over it- it has been defined with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var pagesMenuBtn = element(by.id('.nav-container &amp;gt; model[type=href] &amp;gt; value[&quot;#/pages&quot;]'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pageVarBrowser&lt;/code&gt; is one of the buttons that is displayed on the sub-menu shown when hovering the cursor over &lt;code&gt;pagesMenuBtn&lt;/code&gt;, and is defined with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var pageVarBrowser = element(by.css('.nav-container &amp;gt; model[type=href] &amp;gt; value[&quot;#/pages/varbrowser&quot;]'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;userCircle&lt;/code&gt; is simply another HTML element displayed in a different location on the page (just so that I could move the cursor somewhere off the &lt;code&gt;pagesMenuBtn&lt;/code&gt;), and has been defined with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var userCircle = element(by.id('icon-user-circle'));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This doesn't appear to be an issue with the syntax/ logic of the tests I've written/ am writing, but when I currently run my tests with the command &lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js&lt;/code&gt;, the script starts up, and starts running through correctly, but when it reaches the above test, I get the following output in the console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error: Timeout = Async callback was not invoked within timeout specified by jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does this mean that my tests have failed because they took too long to execute? If so, how can I fix this? Can I change the 'timeout' variable to a greater value?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the console where I ran the command &lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js&lt;/code&gt;, I get the following error message about the failure:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Jasmine spec timed out. Resetting the WebDriver Control Flow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failures:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) MyApp should display the Pages menu&#xA;    Message:&#xA;      Failed: Timed out waiting for asynchronous Angular tasks to finish after 11 seconds. This may be because the current page is not an Angular application. Please see the FAQ for more details: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/timeouts.md#waiting-for-angular&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/timeouts.md#waiting-for-angular&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;      While waiting for element with locator - Locator: By(css selector, *[id=&quot;.nav-container\ &gt;\ model[type\=href]\ &gt;\ value[\&quot;#/pages\&quot;]&quot;]).&#xA;      The following tasks were pending:&#xA;       - $timeout: function () {&#xA;                              clearEvents(type);&#xA;                          }&#xA;       - $timeout: function setErrorMsg() {&#xA;                  // Broadcast system timeout lock event&#xA;                  $rootScope.$broadcast('um:LCK_TIMEOUT');&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;           // Save the error message&#xA;            dateObj.error = (&#xA;                'Timeout error data last fetched: ' + dateObj.localFormat&#xA;            );&#xA;        }&#xA; - $timeout: function clearTags() {&#xA;            // Go through each of the tags&#xA;            angular.forEach(tags, function (tag){&#xA;                // Clear the value&#xA;                tag.value = null;&#xA;&#xA;              // If the meta information is set&#xA;                if (tag.meta) {&#xA;                    // Clear the meta raw value&#xA;                    tag.meta.raw = null;&#xA;                }&#xA;            });&#xA;&#xA;           // Empty the active alarms container&#xA;            activeAlarms = {};&#xA;&#xA;           // Make sure the observers notice the value change&#xA;            notifyObservers();&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone have any suggestions as to how I can get this test running correctly?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, after removing a couple of the calls to &lt;code&gt;browser.pause();&lt;/code&gt; from my script, I actually got a different error message that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: No element found using locator: By(css selector, *[id=&quot;.nav-container\ &gt;\ model[type\=href]\ &gt;\ value[\&quot;#/pages\&quot;]&quot;])&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it appears it doesn't like the way I'm trying to get hold of the element from the sub-menu... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although the initial error was complaining about a timeout, I'm now not sure that this is the cause of the issue. I removed the calls to &lt;code&gt;browser.pause();&lt;/code&gt; as mentioned in my earlier edit, and then started getting the error message above instead. I suspect that this is due to the location of the element that I'm trying to find/ the structure of the HTML in which it's nested. That HTML is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li data-ng-mouseenter=&quot;setMenuTop($event)&quot; ng-show=&quot;menu.pages.length &amp;gt; 0 || menu.upages.length &amp;gt; 0 || canCreatePage&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a href=&quot;#/pages&quot; id=&quot;pagesMenuBtn&quot; target=&quot;_self&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;ti-layers&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;Pages&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;ul class=&quot;text-capitalize&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;li ng-repeat=&quot;page in menu.pages&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#/{{page.location}}&quot; target=&quot;_self&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;ti-angle-right&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;{{page.title}}&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;li ng-repeat=&quot;upage in menu.upages&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;div class=&quot;nav-menu-divider&quot; data-ng-if=&quot;$index === 0&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;a href=&quot;#/{{upage.location}}&quot; target=&quot;_self&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;i class=&quot;ti-angle-right&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;{{upage.title}}&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;li data-ng-show=&quot;canCreatePage&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;div class=&quot;nav-menu-divider&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;a href=&quot;#/pages/create&quot; target=&quot;_self&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;i class=&quot;ti-angle-right&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;Create Page&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The element that I'm trying to get hold of is actually one of the ones created with the line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;i class=&quot;ti-angle-right&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;{{upage.title}}&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;inside this block. The element itself is not explicitly written, but is created by the Angular &lt;code&gt;ng-repeat&lt;/code&gt; function, as an element in a list... Anyone know how I would get hold of a specific element from within this list?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T15:21:25.847" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T15:25:24.863" Title="AngularJS testing with Protractor- no element found using locator" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;&lt;timeout&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29821" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29806" CreationDate="2017-09-26T14:08:25.893" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Summing up what we had debugged and figured out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the problem comes from the &lt;code&gt;static_file()&lt;/code&gt; function in the &lt;code&gt;bottle&lt;/code&gt; library&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;if we look at the source code of that &lt;code&gt;static_file()&lt;/code&gt; function, we can find &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bottlepy/bottle/blob/master/bottle.py#L2910&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this line&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;body = '' if request.method == 'HEAD' else open(filename, 'rb')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which uses the &quot;unsafe&quot; &lt;code&gt;open()&lt;/code&gt; call without explicitly closing the file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottle had a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bottlepy/bottle/pull/611&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;similar problem&lt;/a&gt; in the other part of the framework before. Just reported this problem as a new issue:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bottlepy/bottle/issues/1000&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ResourceWarning: unclosed file &amp;lt;_io.BufferedReader... in static_file()&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, until it is fixed, you may ignore the warning since this is not coming from your code and is not an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T14:08:25.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29822" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29820" CreationDate="2017-09-26T14:38:47.897" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most important thing in this traceback is actually this part:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The following tasks were pending: - $timeout: function () { clearEvents(type); } - $timeout: function setErrorMsg() { // Broadcast system timeout lock event $rootScope.$broadcast('um:LCK_TIMEOUT');&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That &lt;code&gt;$timeout&lt;/code&gt; is an Angular service which &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/issues/169&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor waits for to complete and does not really play together with nicely&lt;/a&gt;. This is quite a wide-spread issue and the only workarounds are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;turn the sync off using &lt;code&gt;browser.ignoreSynchronization = true;&lt;/code&gt; and use &lt;code&gt;browser.wait()&lt;/code&gt; to tackle flakiness and make tests more stable and reliable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;switch to &lt;code&gt;$interval&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;$timeout&lt;/code&gt; if you have such a control over the application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far as your latest error, see if adding a &lt;code&gt;browser.wait()&lt;/code&gt; with an explicit visibility wait condition would make the error go away:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;&#xA;browser.wait(EC.visibilityOf(pagesMenuBtn), 5000);&#xA;browser.actions().mouseMove(pagesMenuBtn).perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, you are defining the &quot;by id&quot; locator but trying to specify a CSS selector inside it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element(by.id('.nav-container &amp;gt; model[type=href] &amp;gt; value[&quot;#/pages&quot;]'))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, even if you meant &lt;code&gt;by.css&lt;/code&gt;, this selector is going to match a element with the tag name equal to &lt;code&gt;value&lt;/code&gt;..I doubt that you have that tag on a page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T15:25:24.863" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T15:25:24.863" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29812" CreationDate="2017-09-26T15:44:26.357" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would give Mob-programming a try for some days until everyone is upto speed. Start writing some automated tests together at the same time. Find some extension you would like to add and implement it in mob sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the quickest way to share knowledge, also basic programming practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read &lt;a href=&quot;http://mobprogramming.org/mob-programming-basics/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://mobprogramming.org/mob-programming-basics/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T15:44:26.357" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29813" CreationDate="2017-09-26T16:55:44.860" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/emilybache/Racing-Car-Katas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TirePressureMonitoringSystem&lt;/a&gt; coding kata is an situation that is very hard to test without dependency injection. It simulates an Alarm which is part of tire pressuring system. The implemented sensor gives back random data. The task is to restructure the Alarm class, but not the sensor to make it unit-testable. I think the kata showcases why DI is so important when doing unit-testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take care you do not fall in the mocking trap, where you mock everything. You don't want to have a lot of &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/01/testing-on-toilet-change-detector-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;change detector tests&lt;/a&gt;. You want to &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2013/08/testing-on-toilet-test-behavior-not.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test behaviour, not implementation&lt;/a&gt;. Making it easier to refactor your code later, not harder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-09-26T17:04:44.897" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T17:04:44.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10318" CreationDate="2017-09-26T17:02:37.583" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Projects of any size will benefit from TDD. TDD and good test-suites makes sure you can restructure your code when it needs change for a new feature. This will allow you to go faster, because you have the confidence to refactor the structure to fit the new ideas. Something most developers do not dare without tests. Not refactoring often leads to more hacks, complexity, dependencies, fragility and slowdowns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But to go faster with TDD you need practise. It is a skill and just like all other skills you need to learn it well to go fast with it. For developers that are new to the concept this learning curve can be pretty high. Learning it well can take weeks if not months, be sure to include someone with good TDD skills in your project if you want to scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have some teams that do everything TDD and who execute sprints of a single week. Don't see how two weeks would differ. Stories should be 1-3 days in size anyways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-26T17:02:37.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29827" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-26T18:41:40.150" Score="2" ViewCount="1172" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Jasmine, FrisbyJS, and Jest to create API tests for my team's product.  I want to be able to handle when an expect (which I'm pretty sure Frisby is just using the underlying Jasmine expect) fails. I'm not expecting it to fail. I don't want to use a &quot;toThrow&quot;, I'm not expecting this call to fail.  I just want better error logging when an expect that I expect to pass, fails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like the line of the failing expect, an expanded error message including a relevant stack trace, and potentially the ability to write my own error message attached, like &quot;The call to projects failed&quot;.  Maybe this is a shortcoming with the Frisby module, in which case, how should I handle this from the Jasmine perspective? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;frisby.get(environment.ApiUrl + environment.dashboardProjectsApi)&#xA;      .expect('status', 200)&#xA;      .done(done);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And I was receiving this very non-descript error that was lacking any further information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; FAIL  tests\dashboard.api.spec.js&#xA;  ● Dashboard API › should return a list of projects this user can access&#xA;&#xA;    AssertionError: HTTP status 200 !== 500&#xA;&#xA;      at FrisbySpec.status (node_modules/frisby/src/frisby/expects.js:25:12)&#xA;      at FrisbySpec._addExpect.e (node_modules/frisby/src/frisby/spec.js:408:23)&#xA;      at then (node_modules/frisby/src/frisby/spec.js:299:26)&#xA;      at _fetch._fetch.then (node_modules/frisby/src/frisby/spec.js:231:18)&#xA;      at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:109:7)&#xA;&#xA;  Dashboard API&#xA;    × should return a list of projects this user can access (289ms)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a couple of issues with this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I'm getting a stack trace of the expects code in Frisby, not where this code is called in my tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I don't get an expanded message with the error message or stack trace from the API response&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then I made this code, which is better and closer to what I would want to log if any of my expects failed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;frisby.get(environment.ApiUrl + environment.dashboardProjectsApi)&#xA;      .expect('status', 200)&#xA;      .then(function (res) {&#xA;          if (res.status != 200) {&#xA;              console.log(res);&#xA;          }&#xA;      })&#xA;      .done(done);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which emits a much better message to my console.log:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;console.log tests\dashboard.api.spec.js:19&#xA;    FrisbyResponse {&#xA;      _response: &#xA;       Body {&#xA;         url: 'https://mywebsite.net/api/dashboard/projects/get',&#xA;         status: 500,&#xA;         statusText: 'Internal Server Error',&#xA;         headers: Headers { _headers: [Object] },&#xA;         ok: false,&#xA;         body: &#xA;          PassThrough {&#xA;            _readableState: [Object],&#xA;            readable: false,&#xA;            domain: null,&#xA;            _events: [Object],&#xA;            _eventsCount: 3,&#xA;            _maxListeners: undefined,&#xA;            _writableState: [Object],&#xA;            writable: false,&#xA;            allowHalfOpen: true,&#xA;            _transformState: [Object] },&#xA;         bodyUsed: true,&#xA;         size: 0,&#xA;         timeout: 5000,&#xA;         _raw: [ &amp;lt;Buffer ... &amp;gt; ],&#xA;         _abort: false,&#xA;         _bytes: 1900 },&#xA;      _body: &#xA;       { message: 'An error has occurred.',&#xA;         exceptionMessage: 'Sequence contains no matching element',&#xA;         exceptionType: 'System.InvalidOperationException',&#xA;         stackTrace: ' ...' } }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have a valid understandable exception message and a stackTrace that I can take back to my developers to further debug.  My issue with this though, has to do a lot of handling to make this raw message into something I want logging (which is maybe what I have to do, but I would think someone would have something helpful out there) and I have to have extra code checking the same status again to verify that &quot;hey, your call failed&quot;.  I would expect an easier &lt;code&gt;.ifFailed(/do stuff here/)&lt;/code&gt; or something. If there is something obvious I missed, I apologize. I tried to Google &quot;Jasmine error handling&quot; without much success. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28000" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:53:08.423" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:53:08.423" Title="How to expand upon the error from a Jasmine expect failure?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29829" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29868" CreationDate="2017-09-27T07:40:25.727" Score="0" ViewCount="7915" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have below code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;MobileElement mb = (MobileElement)configuration.driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;android.widget.ScrollView&quot;));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)configuration.driver;&#xA;HashMap&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt; scrollObject = new HashMap&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;scrollObject.put(&quot;direction&quot;, &quot;down&quot;);&#xA;scrollObject.put(&quot;element&quot;, ((MobileElement) mb).getId());&#xA;scrollObject.put(&quot;text&quot;, &quot;Proceed&quot;);&#xA;        js.executeScript(&quot;mobile: scrollTo&quot;, scrollObject);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I'm getting exception &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Method has not yet been implemented (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;strong&gt;Java-client-5.0.0&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28256" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T11:37:30.840" LastActivityDate="2018-05-16T14:04:11.833" Title="how to scroll layout in appium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29829" CreationDate="2017-09-27T09:13:23.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement fromElement=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;locator&quot;));&#xA;WebElement toElement= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;locator&quot;));&#xA;TouchAction tAction=new TouchAction(driver);&#xA;tAction.press(fromElement).moveTo(toElement).release().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13033" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T09:13:23.540" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29829" CreationDate="2017-09-27T09:26:27.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Driver.scrollTo (value) only working when android.widget.ListView have single text in it and it fails when multiple text is present in each row of listView. In my case I have single entry/text in each line.&#xA;So to resolve your issue you can use below method which I implemented for me and it is working fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;**public WebElement scroll(String keyword) { HashMap scrollObject = new HashMap(); RemoteWebElement element = (RemoteWebElement)&#xA;    driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator( &quot;new&#xA;    UiSelector().className(\&quot;android.widget.ListView\&quot;)&quot;);&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; String&#xA;    webElementId = ((RemoteWebElement) element).getId();&#xA;    System.out.println(webElementId);System.out.println(element);&#xA;    scrollObject.put(&quot;text&quot;, keyword); scrollObject.put(&quot;element&quot;,&#xA;    webElementId); js.executeScript(&quot;mobile: scrollTo&quot;, scrollObject);&#xA;    return element; }**&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T09:45:26.877" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T09:45:26.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29833" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29829" CreationDate="2017-09-27T11:51:38.907" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ignore the first answer if it's not useful and use this one if it's useful for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement list = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;id of your list&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;         HashMap&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt; scrollObject = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, String&amp;gt;();&#xA;         scrollObject.put(&quot;text&quot;, &quot;name to search&quot;);&#xA;         scrollObject.put(&quot;element&quot;,( (RemoteWebElement) list).getId());&#xA;         driver.executeScript(&quot;mobile: scrollTo&quot;, scrollObject);&#xA;         if(scrollObject.containsValue(&quot;string to search&quot;))&#xA;         {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Found&quot;);&#xA;            List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; list_user = list.findElements(By.id(&quot;id of the text view&quot;));&#xA;            for (WebElement component : list_user) {&#xA;               System.out.println(component.getText());&#xA;               if (component.getText().contains(&quot;string to search&quot;)) {&#xA;                    component.click();&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                } else {&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;Not equal&quot;);&#xA;                }&#xA;         }&#xA;         }&#xA;         else&#xA;         {&#xA;             System.out.println(&quot;Not Found&quot;);&#xA;         }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T11:51:38.907" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29834" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29668" CreationDate="2017-09-27T11:54:54.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes the approach in this case(You've unsaved data. Do you want to continue?) is correct. We should use YES/NO buttons. Moreover these days most of the software testing companies are following this approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cancel button is usualy used at the situation where a process is in ongoing state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex:&#xA;When user tries to close the ongoing software installation wizard then a warning popup appears saying &quot;Exiting the software installation may cause issue/errors in the software. Are you sure, you want to continue?&quot;&#xA;Continue - Cancel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18378" LastActivityDate="2017-09-27T11:54:54.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29835" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-27T13:11:37.180" Score="5" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;My current assignment requires me to test data in a large number of text files ~ 200, usually ranging from 1GB to 20GB.&#xA;The data is in the same schema with coordinates.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As of now, the approach is to load these files in a database (PostgreSQL) and then fire test cases using Python.&#xA;Running a test on all the files (~80 GB) takes anywhere around 7/8 hours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though the process is majorly automated, there are few drawbacks, namely a lack of proper reporting and manual intervention.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to optimise and improve this process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is the above approach is the best way of testing data?&#xA;Are there better ways to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the approaches you guys use to test data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can data languages like R / Scala be useful for this kind of testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking for suggestions and pointers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28259" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T06:13:57.493" LastActivityDate="2020-12-07T07:03:50.423" Title="Approaches for testing huge data files in text format" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;database&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="13" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29838" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29981" CreationDate="2017-09-27T15:27:54.863" Score="3" ViewCount="2066" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test suite that accesses a URL multiple times and needs to complete a user registration. The individual specs all use the following to clear the session&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;afterAll(function() {&#xA;        browser.executeScript('window.sessionStorage.clear();'); &#xA;        browser.executeScript('window.localStorage.clear();'); &#xA;    });&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is the third time the URL is clicked, it still has the information from the previous registration and thinks that the registration is completed. Is there a limit to clearing sessions and/or is there a better practice to clearing session storage?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="26037" LastEditDate="2017-09-27T16:09:01.780" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T10:59:02.347" Title="Limit on clearing session storage through out a test suite in Protractor?" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29839" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-28T00:01:58.867" Score="1" ViewCount="1291" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for  ML usage in performance testing of a software. mainly Regression testing where we run same tests for every release to ensure there is no degradation.&#xA;Can I get some guidance around usage, approach etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28271" LastEditorUserId="28271" LastEditDate="2018-10-12T21:26:22.243" LastActivityDate="2018-10-12T21:26:22.243" Title="Machine Learning usage in performance testing" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;artificial-intelligence&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29839" CreationDate="2017-09-28T02:39:45.627" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you be more specific?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be suggesting building a model that, given performance numbers for a specific release, can correctly identify performance degradation vs.  random variation.  For supervised learning, you will probably need at least several hundreds of data points, and perhaps orders of magnitude more, to build a model you can depend on.  The size of the data set will depend on the number of variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might be suggesting building a model that predicts performance degradation based on prior knowledge of code changes, unit test results, and corresponding performance outcomes.  This is even more complex than what I described above.  Very few companies even attempt something like this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Machine learning is all the rage now -- everyone wants to be a data scientist -- but the truth is that lots of problems can be solved by less glamorous but effective means.  If you're looking for an excuse to do machine learning, I suggest finding a different problem domain.  If you're actually trying to solve a problem, I suggest looking for a simpler means of detecting performance degradation. For example, you could flag any tests that appear to be more than 5% slower than your benchmark numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T02:39:45.627" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29842" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29848" CreationDate="2017-09-28T02:48:31.573" Score="5" ViewCount="634" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are going to have a couple of interviews coming up soon for a position in our QA department. The position requires quite a lot of manual testing and a bit of test automation which is going to grow. And, this position is 100% remote (this fact might be critical for this question).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aside from other activities and topics, we are going to try to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/29206/5574&quot;&gt;pair-test with a candidate&lt;/a&gt; during the interview, but let's assess the situation from a different perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the absolute interview &quot;Don'ts&quot; for a candidate on a manual tester's position (with potential automation in mind)? What are some of the red flags we should pay attention to and be aware of?   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T12:40:23.313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T15:15:13.123" Title="What can a candidate tester do to blow up an interview?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;management&gt;&lt;tester&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29843" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17088" CreationDate="2017-09-28T05:06:20.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is possible:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Test Lab and select a test set which you want to move.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on Select Tests button present on top of grid view of test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After clicking it, a pane at the right side of the window will get opened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Collapse the hierarchy and go to the folder from which you want to get the test set.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select that test set and Click on (&amp;lt;-) left arrow, green in color.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You will be prompt to add all number of test cases in that test to the selected test set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Yes and all test cases in selected test set will be moved in it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(I just do it myself, saw some blogs but couldn't get any help. Somehow, do it on my own :D)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28272" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T05:19:20.660" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T05:19:20.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29842" CreationDate="2017-09-28T06:39:00.313" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the candidate already has some experience, I would say the following points:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate cannot show the added value of automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate cannot analyse which tests should be automated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate is not able to find the root cause of a bug / is not able to isolated the bug.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When given enough time, the candidate cannot write a decent bug report.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate does not ask much questions during an exercise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the candidate focuses on finding (a lot of) low priority bugs during an exercise.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate wants to use the position to grow into a developer position (for me personally, testing is a completely different career path).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate gives reason to believe he or she doesn't like to work together.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate cannot tell you why he likes testing (this is for each and every job).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate doesn't like to work under pressure, as most of the time testing is the bottleneck, I believe it is necessary to be able to work under pressure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate is not able to think of nor write test cases.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate is not able to set adequate priorities to test cases and starts with executing those that have the lowest priority.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the candidate has no &lt;a href=&quot;http://swtester.blogspot.nl/2011/08/hobbies-and-interests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hobbies or interests&lt;/a&gt; on its resume.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Without any experience (if the job starts with training for example) some questions will be hard to answer, but then the candidate should be able to show why he or she fits the testing job even though he or she has never done any (on-the-job) testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, nobody will answer each and every question perfectly in each and every situation, especially if the candidate shows some nervous symptoms or is not that experienced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22660" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T06:39:00.313" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-28T08:35:18.627" Score="1" ViewCount="3386" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just wanted to know What is the Meaning of latency in performance testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27086" LastActivityDate="2018-07-12T23:49:02.417" Title="What is the Meaning of latency in performance testing?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29848" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29842" CreationDate="2017-09-28T08:35:44.490" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;Oh boy! There is an interesting one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Well apart from checking all the technical skills and blah blah, I always make sure to ask or observe two things about a candidate I am about to interview. And in my opinion someone who lacks this or are weaker in these skills, blows up his/her interview or rather, reduce their chances of getting hired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a tester, &lt;strong&gt;you should be inquisitive, and that means you have to have some questions when a particular scenario or a test question, is thrown to you.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I asked someone - Here is a dialogue box, and an input field. How would you test it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I'm giving you these questions, there are a lot of hidden things and unknowns that as a tester, you should be asking me. If you're the &quot; I'll perform these five/seven functional tests on them&quot; kind, then you are showing me you're quick to jump into testing , even before understanding the context and stakeholders needs. As a tester, you need to understand these vital points because these are pretty important from a client's perspective. As a tester, you also have to understand customers and their needs before launching a flurry of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;People who reply with “Can I ask some questions about it first? For instance, what is it for, who will be using it, is this a new feature or an existing one? Knowing this helps me better understand what needs to be tested and how.” are certainly at a better thought process and would be having better chance of getting hired.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, &lt;strong&gt;I have seen people panicking a lot when th&lt;/strong&gt;ings don't go or turn out their way. This is an attribute that you should try to find out in a candidate, before hiring. Because, as a tester, you will face these situations a lot when your bug is rejected, or something comes up in Production etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a person/candidate shows signs of panic even for small problems, then chances are that at a higher project level, he/she would not be able to handle the failures which might lead to catastrophic errors/mistakes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So these two behavioural traits are few red flags that I look for during an interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T11:39:17.227" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T11:39:17.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29847" CreationDate="2017-09-28T08:43:26.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In simplest terms this is Remote Response time. For instance, you want to invoke a web service or access a web page. Apart from the processing time that is needed on the server to process your request, &lt;code&gt;there is a delay involved for your request to reach to server and the response from server to reach you.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While referring to Latency, it’s that delay we are talking about. This becomes a big issue for a remote data center which is hosting your service/page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine your data center in US, and accessing it from India. So there would definitely be some time lag for the request and response to complete. If ignored, latency can trigger your SLA’s. Though it’s quite difficult to improve latency it’s important to measure it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quoted from this &lt;a href=&quot;https://nirajrules.wordpress.com/2009/09/17/measuring-performance-response-vs-latency-vs-throughput-vs-load-vs-scalability-vs-stress-vs-robustness/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T08:43:26.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29850" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29853" CreationDate="2017-09-28T09:28:38.463" Score="3" ViewCount="3391" Body="&lt;p&gt;How should I create test cases for complex system that provide usage for multiple roles such: super admin, admin, customer service etc.&#xA;The capabilities such: create, read, delete and update for specific role.&#xA;I might need simpler format to execute both for manual and automated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think about breakdown the test cases into each roles. But that means i would repeat same steps/cases for roles that doesn't have significants difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestion about test case for multiple roles format would be very appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24317" LastActivityDate="2020-11-23T10:30:57.653" Title="How to write test case for multiple roles?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29851" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29917" CreationDate="2017-09-28T10:36:50.580" Score="3" ViewCount="200" Body="&lt;p&gt;We're developing a web service using Azure and VSTS and I'd like to run some load tests as part of the CI/CD process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I'm struggling with being able to set the service url for our various environments as part of the build/release definitions i.e. myservice-&lt;strong&gt;dev&lt;/strong&gt;.azure-api.net, myservice-&lt;strong&gt;test&lt;/strong&gt;.azure-api.net etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For our unit tests I'm able to declare custom parameters and overrides using the .runsettings file but I don't believe I have access to something similar for performance and load tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Google-foo has failed me so I'm worried that I'm approaching this entirely wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions would be appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17933" LastActivityDate="2018-09-16T01:22:38.690" Title="Environment parameters for VSTS Cloud-based load tests" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26871" CreationDate="2017-09-28T11:05:59.120" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Issue has already been resolved but still the issue that you will be getting is due to the firefox driver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying using gecko driver and set the properties as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot; , &quot;F:\\geckodriver-v0.15.0-win64\\geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25695" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-09-28T11:55:24.470" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T11:55:24.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29853" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29850" CreationDate="2017-09-28T11:34:25.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The checklist will be handy to specifically test the roles and permissions faster in manual testing.&#xA;Below is a simple sample snapshot of scenario for your question for manual testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gNCC2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/gNCC2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation, you have to map the options in an excel or in a file and manipulate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T11:34:25.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29854" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-28T12:23:40.143" Score="1" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't really want to wait until Monday to validate this fix. Is there a way I can do something at the back-end to simulate it being Monday?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28286" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T15:25:45.663" Title="We see a bug on Mondays. We are now told it is fixed. How do I simulate Monday for re-testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29773" CreationDate="2017-09-28T13:23:19.553" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would try to avoid a find strategy that relies upon the text content as typically this most likely to change over time. It would also prevent you from finding an element and asserting on the text content. If that's not possible then the answers above are useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead I would use xpath or css selectors where you can determine which occurrence of the match that you wish to select. There are numerous options for navigating both xpath and css (I'd recommend going the css route for all selectors, though that is for a different discussion).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@class='name-link'][4]&quot;))&#xA;driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;.name-link:nth-of-type(4)&quot;))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note these are very basic, you can nest and make your selectors more explicit as necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given my preference for CSS, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_selectors.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this is my bible.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17933" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T18:25:40.333" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T18:25:40.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29859" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-28T14:22:48.793" Score="1" ViewCount="1069" Body="&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Inconsistently, the partial text is being sent when using &lt;code&gt;SendKeys&lt;/code&gt; and causes a particular spec to fail. Below is the test that needs to happen for the other tests to past successfully&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    it('should select a template report', function() {&#xA;        reports.createTemplateBtn.click();&#xA;        reports.selectTemplate.click();&#xA;        browser.switchTo().activeElement().sendKeys('Guest RSVP Status' + protractor.Key.ENTER);&#xA;        browser.sleep(1000);&#xA;        reports.startBtn.click();&#xA;    });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test is clicking a field (Select Template) which then shows a drop-down to type in the type of template to be used. The issue is with sending 'Guest RSVP Status'. Inconsistently, only portions of the phrase will be sent and cause the rest to error out. Is there a better way to implement Send Keys and/or should sleeps be added? 1/5 times the full text is sent successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: &lt;code&gt;slowType&lt;/code&gt; errors out below. Sleep is not a function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-js prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;function slowType(elm, keys, delay){&#xA;        var action = browser.actions().mouseMove(elm).click();&#xA;        for (var i = 0; i &amp;lt; keys.length; i++) {&#xA;            action = action.sendKeys(keys[i]).sleep(delay);&#xA;        }&#xA;        return action.perform();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T07:38:25.307" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T07:38:25.307" Title="Partial text sent when using SendKeys in Protractor" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29460" CreationDate="2017-09-28T14:33:06.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way you are doing it is correct. The logical explanation is that &lt;code&gt;${addressId}&lt;/code&gt; doesn't match any window titles. You can use &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/Selenium2Library.html#Get%20Window%20Titles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Get window titles&lt;/a&gt; in your test to see what robot thinks the window titles are, and then you can log &lt;code&gt;${addressId}&lt;/code&gt; to see if it matches any of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T14:33:06.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29850" CreationDate="2017-09-28T14:43:31.203" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would break it down, but apply the DRY principle (Don't Repeat Yourself).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First, I would create a matrix with the different testcases and their respective expected results, similar to what Bhavani's answer shows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I would write out a testscenario A with all the test steps for one of the roles (X), with a reference to the table for the expected results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, I would make a new testcase that simply says &quot;Repeat testscenario A, but for role Y instead of role X.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T14:43:31.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29854" CreationDate="2017-09-28T15:25:45.663" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, figure out where the application gets its sense of time from. Then, figure out how you can either change the time/date there or how you can mock that thing to make the application believe that it's the date/time you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T15:25:45.663" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29863" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29850" CreationDate="2017-09-28T17:49:12.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In terms of format, the already provided answers are good.  However, I'd take exception to the statement &quot;But that means i would repeat same steps/cases for roles that doesn't have significants difference.&quot;  If they are represented differently in a database somewhere, they almost certainly do have a significant difference.  Somewhere, there is logic in the code that says &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if role == {role1, role2}:&#xA;  do x&#xA;else if role == {role3, role4}:&#xA;  do y&#xA;else:&#xA;  do z&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is a significant difference, and you can't be sure that role1 and role2 will always be together in the above statement.  So you have to make sure you test all possibilities in the matrix, both positive and negative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T17:49:12.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29865" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29568" CreationDate="2017-09-28T23:42:01.113" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I found this &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.planittesting.com/au/Insights/2016/What-are-the-Challenges-of-Testing-a-Data-Centre-M&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.planittesting.com/au/Insights/2016/What-are-the-Challenges-of-Testing-a-Data-Centre-M&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It provides a really good starting point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24279" LastActivityDate="2017-09-28T23:42:01.113" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26499" CreationDate="2017-09-29T09:38:41.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;While there &lt;em&gt;are&lt;/em&gt; tools that will convert IDE tests to Webdriver tests, it's generally not a good idea to do so. The code these tests generate is terrible: it's hard to read, very fragile and overly complex.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The better option is to either use a framework that will take care of a lot of the work for you (like for instance Robot Framework) or to simply learn one of the multitude of programming languages that Selenium Webdriver supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally would advise doing both of these. A framework will help you put some basic tests into place quickly, but eventually you'll run into problems that are specific to your needs and you'll have to dive into custom code anyways. In some companies the developers will take on that task and write the custom code that you need for your tests, but as a tester I like to have full control over my tests so that I know their quality and in turn know how well I am assessing the quality of the thing I am testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11431" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T09:38:41.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29868" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29829" CreationDate="2017-09-29T09:53:59.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After spending many hours I got the working answer. In my case I have scrollview and I want to scroll screen to last button (Proceed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String str = &quot;Proceed&quot;;&#xA;            configuration.driver&#xA;                    .findElementByAndroidUIAutomator(&quot;new UiScrollable(new UiSelector().scrollable(true).instance(0)).scrollIntoView(new UiSelector().textContains(\&quot;&quot;+ str + &quot;\&quot;).instance(0))&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;str is text which is written on the button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28256" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T09:53:59.960" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29870" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-29T12:34:06.550" Score="1" ViewCount="38" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing an Android based application. Which is responding slow. Meaning the fetching display late on slow network reception. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I report it or not? I'm a beginner tester in this organization.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28300" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-09-29T15:17:14.807" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T10:18:55.053" Title="Should we report when mobile application is responding slow on slow network" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29872" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29870" CreationDate="2017-09-29T13:22:15.333" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is destined to be closed as Not Enough Information, but it has a good generic answer- Why do you ask us ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask the developers, ask the product managers, ask the users- both existing and future imaginary ones (what would you think if you were one ?).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ask the bug tracking system (or just look on past bugs and how were they handled), ask other testers those who handle functionality and those who test performance, ask your manager and manager's manager, ask the CEO (I did !).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consult the literature, newspapers, market research papers, academic UI research papers, customer surveys.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Go read the requirements, not just the developers version but also how the product and sales department see them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And finally use some common sense. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T13:22:15.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29873" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26499" CreationDate="2017-09-29T13:23:23.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Selenium IDE scripts exported to js script doesn't work seamlessly well for webdriver.io scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any recorder is having its limits. But you can use it to familarize with&#xA;the webdriver.io commands you can try this recorder for initial understanding.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/tools.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumbuilder.github.io/se-builder/tools.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T13:23:23.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29874" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29870" CreationDate="2017-09-29T15:23:03.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testers should signal issues they think might cause problems in the field. Of-course slow performance is one of these possible issues. Do not &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_bug#Bug_management&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;triage issues&lt;/a&gt; yourself, do it together with the test/development/product team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a critical issue depends on the product. Now the question should you formally report this in a defect tracker? Maybe, but I would first spar with the person who defines the requirements for this product. Discuss if performance issues like this should be reported. Maybe the product will only be used by people on really fast devices and connections. After the discussion decide to track the issues or added to a list of known trivial issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-09-29T15:23:03.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29875" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-29T16:13:36.133" Score="4" ViewCount="605" Body="&lt;p&gt;A little background - We have a native mobile app- Android and iOS, which has a separate chat module. This chat module has text, video and audio cat facility - very much like WhatsApp. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The video/audio chat uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebSocket&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebSocket&lt;/a&gt; protocol for communication. We are using TokBox's &lt;a href=&quot;https://tokbox.com/developer/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OpenTok&lt;/a&gt; platform to implement this functionality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question revolves around testing testing the consistency for this chat module and the OpenTok implementation . By consistency, I mean, I want to measure/check how many times user1 and user2 were not able to connect or how many times user1 successfully called but user2 was not able to connect or was not even able to receive the call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had a detailed discussion and research on this but I'm unable to come to a good tool or a process on how to measure this. Is this something we can do as a part of load testing [which can be done via &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/maciejzaleski/JMeter-WebSocketSampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jmeter's WebSocket plugin&lt;/a&gt; . ] or is this something that we should check on a network and packet level. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A google group discussion &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/nodejs/SzlwMwtal_A&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;thread&lt;/a&gt;, mentions some KPI's for a chat server, but are these applicable here? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a unit level, I see that &lt;a href=&quot;https://ws-rs.org/testing/autobahn&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Autobahn's test suite&lt;/a&gt; to be somewhat helpful, but I'm not sure if it can scaled up for an integration or e2e level. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2018-04-30T06:23:03.300" Title="Testing a chat module for load and consistency" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29876" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29878" CreationDate="2017-09-29T19:03:55.340" Score="6" ViewCount="4073" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, while testing a web application, the app responds much slower than usual. There could be many reasons for this such as bugs in backend, outage in some of the servers, slow internet on client etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I rule out that internet issues on the client are making the web app seem slow ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastEditorUserId="19669" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T17:30:07.693" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T17:30:07.693" Title="How to check if web app speed issues are due to a slow network connection?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29876" CreationDate="2017-09-30T02:28:55.713" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;First, try other websites.  Ideally, ones that are logically close to the website that you're testing.  For example, if the website is hosted on AWS, try other sites hosted on AWS.  You can use traceroute and the like to determine where the website is logically located.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second, look at logs.  You can see from apache logs when a request came in, and possibly how long it took to complete, depending on what's being logged.  You may be able to follow a request from apache/the web host to the database and back.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third, and most import, when doing performance testing, you need to isolate the thing being tested as much as possible.  Ideally, you shouldn't be crossing the internet to get to the web app, or parts of the web app.  You should have a dedicated host, dedicated client machines, and a LAN connection that crosses as few boundaries as possible between the two.  If you have to test a remote site, you should make sure that the client machines are at that site as well.  If you're using AWS, set up client AWS machines.  The more variables you have to deal with when doing performance testing, the harder it is to make a valid conclusion when testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T02:28:55.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29876" CreationDate="2017-09-30T11:48:31.883" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use a local tool that allows you to slow down your network (e.g. network link conditioner on a mac).  Use this to try different network conditions and measure how the application responds in terms of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A great option today for all platform is chrome tools which now has throttling built in.  See the &quot;network&quot; tab within tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kp9qK.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kp9qK.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-09-30T11:57:17.403" LastActivityDate="2017-09-30T11:57:17.403" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29879" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-09-30T14:29:16.050" Score="3" ViewCount="490" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past I've used BDD - Cucumber with the Gherkin syntax - for UAT (User Acceptance Testing).  Is this the main area of testing for using Cucumber ?&#xA;My organization also has the following areas of testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;unit&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;system integration&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;regression&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it suitable / practical to use BDD for these other areas, or is it only suitable for User Acceptance Testing ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2019-12-27T10:09:54.617" Title="BDD / Cucumber - what level of testing can I use it with?" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29879" CreationDate="2017-09-30T21:30:29.197" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although the main purpose of BDD is to &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/news/2014/04/bdd-conversation-not-tooling&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;enhance conversation between people involved in a project&lt;/a&gt; is can be used to described any level of test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides UAT, one can describe an object behavior (unit test) using Given-When-Then:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given I create a Cache object created with the arguments &quot;...&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When &quot;15&quot; seconds passed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then the cache is empty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The point of using Gherkin is to describe the test in English, facilitating maintenance and reuse. It is obvious the benefits of it for UAT, since the user flows can be easily describe in a high-level language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For lower-level tests, this &lt;strong&gt;maybe&lt;/strong&gt; not so beneficial because test code can describe how a small portion of production code behave in an acceptable way. A possible benefit of using BDD for all test cases is the use of the same tool throughout the whole system - but time will be needed to see this benefit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2019-12-27T10:09:54.617" LastActivityDate="2019-12-27T10:09:54.617" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29879" CreationDate="2017-10-01T09:39:37.347" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;BDD is suitable for all levels of testing, Gherkin not so much. Writing unit-tests with the overhead of Gherkin (e.g. English feature files, regular expressions and functions to execute the tests) is extra work, but work that does not have the value of conversation as only developers read them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Describing your tests from a &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2013/08/testing-on-toilet-test-behavior-not.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;behaviour&lt;/a&gt; stand-point is very good for all level tests. Even for the unit-tests, because only testing the implementation details leads to &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/01/testing-on-toilet-change-detector-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;change-detector tests&lt;/a&gt;, which will harm refactorability on the long run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to let non-technical/-developer roles add or change test-cases then BDD in a readable format seems to make sense. If you want to let these people also add unit-test cases I would have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;FitNesse&lt;/a&gt; where inputs and expected outputs can be described in a wiki format.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the lower level tests there are BDD-frameworks that describe the behaviour, but work more like regular unit-testing frameworks. For example &lt;a href=&quot;http://fitnesse.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt; (JavaScript) or &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/greghaskins/spectrum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Spectrum&lt;/a&gt; (Java).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the higher level tests Cucumber-like frameworks make more sense as the tests are more user-oriented. This way you can discuss requirements with the users before they are built.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I gave up on Gherkin as the developers see it as extra work, the business does not read them as they like to focus only on the high-level. The testers tend to love it, but it adds extra complexity that is not worth it if the business and the developers are not in on it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T16:03:37.117" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T16:03:37.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29883" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26488" CreationDate="2017-10-01T10:15:00.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any kind of technology which can emulate different Windows-x&#xA;  PCs and execute the tests for the different baselines simultaneously?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, first you need to setup the machines with virtualisation software. E.g. VMWare, VirtualBox or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_platform_virtualization_software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;others&lt;/a&gt;. For some systems you might use cloud hosting, for others you probably need your own servers to host the VMs as not much cloud-providers support desktop operating systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next you setup remote access to all the machines. Then you configure a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_continuous_integration_software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;build-server&lt;/a&gt; script to login to the machines, do any setup, execute the tests and send back the results to a central location. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now configure the build-server to run all the operating version in parallel and you are done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, there is not a full product that does all this for you. Also I wonder what the risks are of something not working on all the Windows version. Maybe just test the high risks parts and not everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-10-01T10:15:00.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29884" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-01T17:51:53.117" Score="1" ViewCount="522" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have &lt;a href=&quot;https://karma-runner.github.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;karma&lt;/a&gt; tests that during execution runs &lt;a href=&quot;http://phantomjs.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, when some of those tests fail, error messages are not very helpful. Thus, I would like to debug them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, most sources that I've found suggest creating a separate configuration for debugging - configuration using Chrome (or another modern browser) to debug tests. For example:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wannabeegeek.com/2017/04/07/debugging-jasmine-unit-tests-running-with-karma-runner-in-vs-code/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://wannabeegeek.com/2017/04/07/debugging-jasmine-unit-tests-running-with-karma-runner-in-vs-code/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.mlewandowski.com/Debugging-Karma-tests-with-VSCode.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.mlewandowski.com/Debugging-Karma-tests-with-VSCode.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to run those tests in debug mode, step-by-step, using breakpoints without changing PhantomJS to Chrome?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24148" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:51:46.160" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:51:46.160" Title="How can I debug karma tests without changing PhantomJS to Chrome in Visual Studio Code" Tags="&lt;debugging&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;&lt;nodejs&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29886" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-01T22:28:28.150" Score="1" ViewCount="113" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I have dependencies such as http or authenticate, how can I use Cucumber without being slowed down on these services ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-10-01T22:28:28.150" Title="How can I handle dependencies in Cucumber tests?" Tags="&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;external-dependencies&gt;&lt;gherkin&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29886" CreationDate="2017-10-01T22:28:28.150" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should mock / stub those dependencies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;WebMock can do that.  It stubs at a low HTTP client lib level.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Add &lt;code&gt;require 'webmock/cucumber'&lt;/code&gt; in the support/env.rb file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simulate basic http&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;stub_request(:get, &quot;www.test.com&quot;).to_return(:body =&amp;gt; &quot;Test&quot;)&#xA;stub_request(:post, &quot;www.test.com&quot;).with(:body =&amp;gt; &quot;test&quot;, :header =&amp;gt; &quot;Content-Type: application/json&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;stub_request(:POST, &quot;https://github.com/login/oauth/access_token&quot;).with(&quot;client_id={client_id}&#xA;&amp;amp;client_secret={secret}&#xA;&amp;amp;code={code}&quot;).to_return(&quot;access_token={token}&#xA;&amp;amp;token_type=bearer&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Simulate OAuth&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;stub_request(:GET, &quot;httpsL//api.github.com/users/wayneye&quot;)&#xA;.with(:headers =&amp;gt; 'Authorization: token{fake_token}')&#xA;.and_return('&quot;name&quot;: &quot;Wayne Ye&quot;, &quot;public_repos&quot;:9, &quot;company&quot;: &quot;ThoughtWorks&quot;')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-10-01T22:28:28.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29875" CreationDate="2017-10-02T05:07:38.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend sticking to one of the following load testing tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt; tool which have &lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io/docs/2.3/http/websocket/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebSocket Testing Capabilities&lt;/a&gt;. You will need to write your tests using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scala-lang.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scala&lt;/a&gt;-based DSL. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; tool. Out of box JMeter doesn't support WebSockets testing, however you can use i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/pjtr/jmeter-websocket-samplers/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebSocket Samplers by Peter Doornbosch&lt;/a&gt; plugin. The plugin can be installed using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/R45lW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/R45lW.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Plugins Manager WebSocket&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T05:07:38.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29876" CreationDate="2017-10-02T05:09:17.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in request timeline breakdown you can use i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/web/tools/chrome-devtools/network-performance/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Chrome Developer Tools to analyse the network performance&lt;/a&gt; or use a 3rd-party application like &lt;a href=&quot;http://yslow.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;YSlow&lt;/a&gt; to find out where request is getting stuck. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a networking issue - you will be able to see it, if your application responds slowly - you will also get the visibility. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you figure out that there are no networking issues and page rendering is fine you will need to go deeper and identify what causes slow responses, the general plan is to simulate the anticipated load and see how does your application behave. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a test scenario which will mimic your application real life usage with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;load testing tool&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you are monitoring baseline health metrics on application under test side (CPU, RAM, Swap, Network and Disk status)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is a headroom for application (enough capacity from the resources perspective) you will need to re-run the test with a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiling_(computer_programming)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Profiler Tool&lt;/a&gt; telemetry enabled, this way you will be able to see &quot;heavy&quot; methods where your application spends the most time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T05:09:17.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29890" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29847" CreationDate="2017-10-02T05:13:10.177" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Latency is the time from just sending the request until the first byte of response is received, it is also known as &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_To_First_Byte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Time to First Byte&lt;/a&gt;, it includes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Opening socket connection&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sending packet to the target server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Waiting for the first byte of response &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is one of the essential performance metrics for the web sites which covers the time from opening the connection till the response starts coming. High latency indicates networking problems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latency_(engineering)#Packet-switched_networks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Network latency&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/glossary.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Glossary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-analyze-results-load-test-using-blazemeter-0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Analyze the Results of a Load Test Using BlazeMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T05:13:10.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29891" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29847" CreationDate="2017-10-02T07:07:21.040" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I beg to differ the answers above. Latency in performance testing is what you, or the entity asking for the test, have decided it means.&#xA;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_performance_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia article is a good starting point&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The answers above somewhat apply in the context of web testing using one of the more common tools and should be called network latency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In reality it may or may not include higher then layer 4 processing times, or something totally different if it's a non networked system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T07:07:21.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29892" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29894" CreationDate="2017-10-02T07:40:12.993" Score="1" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am reading a book Testing Object oriented systems, and found the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If a boundary condition uses two or more variables, then on and off&#xA;  points can be found by solving the related equations. Generally, if&#xA;  there are &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; independent variables (on the right side), there are &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;&#xA;  on points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I wonder, what do they mean? What should I do when I have a-2b &gt;5?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2740" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T09:09:06.337" Title="Domain analysis - equations when multiple variables are involved?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;boundary-value-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29893" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-02T08:22:57.467" Score="0" ViewCount="1070" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created a login test script and verified home page also but now I have to add new customer and the form accepts following values&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer Name&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gender&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Date Of Birth&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer Address , city, State and Pin&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer Mobile No&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Customer Email ID and Password.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following code I have implemented&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{ &#xA;  WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;  @FindBy(name = &quot;name&quot;) WebElement CustomerName;&#xA;  @FindBy(xpath = &quot;//input[@value='m']&quot;) WebElement Gender;&#xA;  @FindBy(name = &quot;dob&quot;) WebElement DateOfBirth;&#xA;  @FindBy(name=&quot;addr&quot;) WebElement CustomerAddress;&#xA;  @FindBy(name = &quot;city&quot;) WebElement CustomerCity;&#xA;  @FindBy(name=&quot;state&quot;) WebElement CustomerState;&#xA;  @FindBy(name=&quot;pinno&quot;) WebElement CustomerPin;&#xA;  @FindBy(name=&quot;telephoneno&quot;) WebElement CustomerMobileNo;&#xA;  @FindBy(name=&quot;emailid&quot;) WebElement CustomerEmailId;&#xA;  @FindBy(name=&quot;password&quot;) WebElement CustomerPassword;&#xA;  @FindBy(name=&quot;sub&quot;) WebElement FormSubmitBtn;&#xA;&#xA;  //Created Constructor of the Class Guru99_AddNewCustomer&#xA;  public Guru99_AddNewCustomer(WebDriver driver)&#xA;  {&#xA;    this.driver = driver;&#xA;    PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);&#xA;  }&#xA;&#xA;  public void CustomerName( )&#xA;  {&#xA;    CustomerName.sendKeys();&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but passing values via send keys and passing parameters in method will make my code too long and bulky, I just need to pass sheet Name as we do in Data Driven Framework so that data I'm passing will automatically get filled.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any assistance  will be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above elements can be found on &lt;a href=&quot;http://demo.guru99.com/V4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://demo.guru99.com/V4&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28322" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T11:39:20.190" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T19:56:44.350" Title="How to pass data through Excel sheet in Page Factory framework" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;page-factory&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29892" CreationDate="2017-10-02T08:38:56.610" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe the author means you have to evaluate the expression to find k coordinates of a point, not k points. Since you have k-dimensional space you need to know all k's coordinates to define any point in that space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your example this would look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jtg9l.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jtg9l.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the explanation of how to come up with such graphical representation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First you need to evaluate the boundary. To do that you should prented your expression is an equation. This turns your example into &lt;code&gt;a-2b = 5&lt;/code&gt;. This can be converted to &lt;code&gt;a = 5 + 2b&lt;/code&gt;. Now you can draw a line.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The line drawn is your boundary (any point on it is on) and the points which make your original expression be &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; are &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt; points since they belong to a domain. The points which make your expression turn into true are all the points up-left of your line. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E.g. take &lt;code&gt;b = -3&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;a = 6&lt;/code&gt;. Then &lt;code&gt;a - 2b = 6 - 2*(-3) = 6 + 6 = 12&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;12 &amp;gt; 5&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;. Point in the domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now lets take &lt;code&gt;b = 0&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;a = 0&lt;/code&gt;. Then &lt;code&gt;a - 2b = 0 - 2*(0) = 0&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;0 &amp;gt; 5&lt;/code&gt; -&gt; &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;. The point is outside the domain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="27679" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T09:09:06.337" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T09:09:06.337" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29895" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-02T09:03:12.310" Score="1" ViewCount="274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new in Model Based Testing. Can you advice which tools can be used to develop Model Based Test in C#. Is it normal to use NModel? Or it's obsolet? What tools is used now?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28323" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T04:40:35.340" Title="C# Tools for Model Based Test" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;model-based-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-10-04T09:49:31.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29897" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-02T11:20:43.153" Score="4" ViewCount="300" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work with a business team where no one has been a developer or has studied software engineering. I have been working on their Android App as a QA for the past few months, and I have realized that they have been focusing and judging my performance not on the basis of how much I work and find bugs, but suddenly I am questioned when there is an issue detected by anyone from the business team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been telling them that 100% tested and bug free product is a myth. But their answer to this fact is &quot;Change your mentality to expect bugs&quot;. Of course this is not in a tester mind while testing a product, but this is fact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I feel that they have made up their mind that my mentality is not correct. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I work with this group without being judged on an impossible standard?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28325" LastEditorUserId="24537" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T11:09:35.177" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T07:51:41.883" Title="What should be a tester's reaction when any person from business team find a bug?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;communication&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29898" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29900" CreationDate="2017-10-02T11:32:25.557" Score="3" ViewCount="1714" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have recently started developing an automated test suite for one of my company's products, which has been written in AngularJS, using &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; as the testing framework (although I have used JavaScript quite a lot in the past, I am new to AngularJS, and have never previously worked on anything that has involved automated testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having decided to design &amp;amp; write the tests in as 'modular' a way as possible, i.e. grouping the tests that are testing similar features/ related elements of the application together, I have started with writing some simple scripts to test the app navigation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While this has started well, and all of my tests for the first few navigation buttons &amp;amp; pages pass correctly, I ran into an issue when testing the navigation to one particular page: the 'Charts' page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue that I ran into here, is that as soon as the user browses to this page, there is a &lt;code&gt;service&lt;/code&gt; running within the app that automatically opens up a dialog to give the user options for creating/ editing a chart. Because this dialog 'overlays'/ sits on top of the actual page, all of the menu buttons are disabled while the dialog is open, so my test script currently fails, as it can't find the menu button to return to the page that it navigated from.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To solve this, I want to add a few lines to my test script, that will find the dialog's 'Cancel' button, &amp;amp; click it, before continuing with the rest of the script, but due to how the dialog service has been written, the 'Cancel' button (&amp;amp; other elements belonging to the dialog) don't have &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; attributes that I would usually use to get hold of them (i.e. doing something like &lt;code&gt;var dialogCancelBtn = element(by.id('cancelBtn'));&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a &lt;code&gt;DialogMgr&lt;/code&gt; service written within the application, which has a &lt;code&gt;closeAll()&lt;/code&gt; function that would be useful to call in order to close the dialog, so that the test can continue to run. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;DialogMgr&lt;/code&gt; has been defined with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;angular.module('app.dlg')&#xA;// The service provides dialog windows based on the bootstrap Modal service&#xA;.factory('DialogMgr', function ($rootScope, $document, dialogs) {&#xA;&#xA;// A list of active instances of dialogs&#xA;var dlgs = [];&#xA;&#xA;// Variable to store the loading dialogue&#xA;var loadingDlg;&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;    // Function to dismiss and remove the dialog from the manager&#xA;    function closeDlg(dlg) {&#xA;        // If the dialog is defined&#xA;        if (angular.isDefined(dlg)) {&#xA;            // Fetch the index from the dialogues&#xA;            var index = dlgs.indexOf(dlg);&#xA;&#xA;            // Remove the dialogues&#xA;            dlgs.splice(index, 1);&#xA;&#xA;            // Dismiss the dialogue&#xA;            dlg.dismiss();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    ...&#xA;    return dialog_manager;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I'm not sure about is how I 'get hold' of this service from within Protractor. The service is obviously not an HTML element, so I can't do something like &lt;code&gt;dialogService = element(by.id(...));&lt;/code&gt;... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would I get hold of the service in order to use its functions within my test script?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML for the dialog appears to have been written so that it can be used for a number of different dialogs, and not just for this form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;modal-header dialog-header-confirm&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    ...&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div ng-form=&quot;chartConfigForm&quot; class=&quot;ui-tab-container ui-tab-vertical&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    ...&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;modal-footer&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    ...&#xA;    &amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn btn-default&quot;&#xA;            type=&quot;button&quot;&#xA;            ng-click=&quot;cancel()&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;Cancel&quot; class=&quot;hidden-xs&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ti-na hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn btn-default&quot;&#xA;            type=&quot;button&quot;&#xA;            ng-disabled=&quot;tabIdx.type === 'tabs' &amp;amp;&amp;amp; tabIdx.idx === 0&quot;&#xA;            ng-click=&quot;back()&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;Back&quot; class=&quot;hidden-xs&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ti-angle-left hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn btn-default&quot;&#xA;            type=&quot;button&quot;&#xA;            ng-disabled=&quot;isLastTab()&quot;&#xA;            ng-click=&quot;next()&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;Next&quot; class=&quot;hidden-xs&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ti-angle-right hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn btn-brand&quot;&#xA;            type=&quot;submit&quot;&#xA;            ng-click=&quot;draw()&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span data-i18n=&quot;Draw&quot; class=&quot;hidden-xs&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;ti-bar-chart hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T14:18:02.483" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T14:18:02.483" Title="Testing AngularJS with Protractor- how to use services from within my tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29899" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29897" CreationDate="2017-10-02T12:04:48.620" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Production defects are always the metric of a tester's performance (or some other variations like ratio of prod issues to the ones detected on testing phase weighted by their severity for example). So what you can do is being aware of how the metric is defined try to manipulate that metric using the factors you have the impact to. Here are the couple of thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depending on the definition of the defect term in your team you can advocate the issue to be treated as not a defect but rather a feature request (this might be possible because often the customer did not request some functionality and thinks this is a defect)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Advocate the severities you assign to the defects when create ones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Force the devs to provide you as precise requirements and specifications on the features as possible&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Treat production defects in a positive way. Learn what is the most important for your business so that you will study how to look at your app in  more business oriented manner.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Agree on the definition of a defect after all, because the definition is quite important.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T12:21:08.190" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T12:21:08.190" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29898" CreationDate="2017-10-02T12:31:54.527" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, you are doing end-to-end testing with Protractor. End-to-end testing with Protractor/Selenium typically tries to simulate the user actions and behaviors in the browser, staying on a high implementation-agnostic level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, I personally think you should try to find a way to close the dialog without calling the function that is responsible for that directly. But, instead, click the &quot;Close&quot; or &quot;X&quot; button, or push escape key if it is supported.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All that said, you can access Angular and services behind Angular modules via executing async script with &lt;code&gt;executeAsyncScript()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/20620056/771848&quot;&gt;Accessing Angular inside Protractor Test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T12:31:54.527" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29901" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-02T13:37:12.993" Score="2" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for recommendations on test automation framework for running a suite of command line applications.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm used to more development unit testing type of frameworks such as &lt;em&gt;xUnit&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;MSTest&lt;/em&gt; based tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for something targeted more towards a compiled executable types, rather than require access to the programs and classes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like something that has a common setup/tear-down mechanism (depending on the application, we may need need to construct a queue with the queue manager) and will have common reporting feature to other tools such as Jenkins.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've used &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;cTest&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; but I find that a bit lacking for the setup.  I've started looking at &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;shUnit2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; but I'm curious what else may be available.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The target is Linux system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26859" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T06:54:37.117" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T06:12:08.280" Title="Test framework for Unix application testing" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;&lt;linux&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29897" CreationDate="2017-10-02T14:26:12.310" Score="7" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I have been telling them that 100% tested and bug free product is a&#xA;  myth.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be the way you are telling it. Probably it is true, but having an attitude &quot;it is not my problem&quot; is not the right one. As a business I would like to see someone who cares. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your reaction should be something like: &quot;Damn! Let me figure out how we can prevent this the next time.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I will:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Root-Cause Analysis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyze development process for quality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Increase test-coverage (manual or automated)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Change your mentality to expect bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand their thinking. I always tell our developers to think positive, because finding bugs is good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Start testing the application by &lt;strong&gt;intent&lt;/strong&gt; of finding defects/errors.&#xA;  Don't think beforehand that there will not be any bugs in the&#xA;  application. If you test the application by intention of finding&#xA;  defects you will definitely succeed to find those &lt;strong&gt;subtle&lt;/strong&gt; defects also.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-02T14:34:23.583" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T14:34:23.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29904" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29842" CreationDate="2017-10-02T15:15:13.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.gurock.com/interview-recruit-testers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blog.gurock.com/interview-recruit-testers/&lt;/a&gt; which also contains some interesting links to Kaner and Schoots.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In principle I would be interested to see if people are eager to learn! Do they ask questions? Questions that show that they are trying to understand the situation? Are they critical thinkers? And so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as it is remote: whether they are able to communicate as clearly as possible. Which is already often difficult sitting together in the same room, but much harder when separated. My own experiences with distant team members are not &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; fantastic, to be honest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T15:15:13.123" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29905" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29901" CreationDate="2017-10-02T17:29:09.470" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I’m building something similar using Python and Proboscis (nose with TestNG features like inter test dependencies). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Proboscis allows setup and tear down functions globally and per class&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T17:29:09.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29906" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27811" CreationDate="2017-10-02T21:34:43.880" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your question, I understand that you want to catch/record all traffic to your website? Try &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; for capturing the traffic as it can act as a proxy between your browser and server (&quot;website&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T04:39:42.017" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T04:39:42.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29907" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29161" CreationDate="2017-10-02T23:26:03.150" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Safari:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;Let's get this one out the way. Like fellow contributors already commented below your question, testing Safari on Windows will be an uphill battle since Apple basically dropped this configuration. Since you won't likely be able to run and test the latest Safari browser on Windows, you're just better off setting up a MacOS/Safari node in your Selenium grid and roll with that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Opera:&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;As far as I know, your code to set up the opera driver is perfectly correct and in compliance with what Selenium's API documentation actually requires. You do need an &lt;code&gt;OperaOptions&lt;/code&gt; instance, a call to &lt;code&gt;setBinary()&lt;/code&gt; and then use that instance as an argument in your &lt;code&gt;OperaDriver&lt;/code&gt; constructor. See this link for proof:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/opera/OperaOptions.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/opera/OperaOptions.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a confirmation, here's a code sample from my (Java) WebDriver factory for Opera. It's very much like yours, and like what Selenium's API documentation recommends:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;case Opera:&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.opera.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Program Files\\Selenium\\Browser Drivers\\operadriver\\operadriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    //System.setProperty(&quot;opera.binary&quot;, &quot;C:\\Program Files\\Opera\\48.0.2685.32\\opera.exe&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    OperaOptions options = new OperaOptions();&#xA;    options.setBinary(new File(&quot;C:\\Program Files\\Opera\\48.0.2685.32\\opera.exe&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    driver = new OperaDriver(options);&#xA;    break;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Also:&lt;/strong&gt; Always make sure your Opera browser is compatible with the driver executable you're using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28061" LastActivityDate="2017-10-02T23:26:03.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29910" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29850" CreationDate="2017-10-03T07:14:37.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use BDD framework. It make all boring work for you and scenario is clear for manual testers&#xA;Specflow BDD, example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Communication Type Create&#xA;&#xA;@regression&#xA;Scenario Outline: Communication Type Create by Communication admin&#xA;&#xA;    Given &amp;lt;role&amp;gt; login on &quot;admin&quot; portal with login &quot;&amp;lt;admin&amp;gt;&quot; and password &quot;*****&quot; &#xA;&#xA;    Given In footer click button &quot;New&quot;&#xA;    Given In expanded menu click menu for create &quot;Communication type&quot;&#xA;    When  Fills &quot;Communication type details&quot; form:&#xA;        | title   | description   |&#xA;        | &amp;lt;title&amp;gt; | &amp;lt;description&amp;gt; |&#xA;&#xA;    When  In notification bar wait displaying what action is &quot;successful&quot;&#xA;    ........... Some other action may be ......................&#xA;&#xA;    Examples: &#xA;    | role                           | admin               | title                | description                           |&#xA;    | Customer Communication Admin   | user_1@autotes.com  | Communication type 1 | enter by customer administrator admin |&#xA;    | User Communication Admin       | user_2@autotest.com | Communication type 2 | enter by user Communication Admin     |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28337" LastEditorUserId="28337" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T07:20:05.690" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T07:20:05.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29912" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29781" CreationDate="2017-10-03T08:53:13.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Splitting into sources files has great benefits, but is most often something you can postpone until &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Yagni.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;you really need it&lt;/a&gt;. It adds extra complexity which might not really add value at this moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good reasons to split into multiple files:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multiple engineers&lt;/strong&gt;: Working with multiple test automation engineers on the same project. This limits merge conflicts.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long classes&lt;/strong&gt;: Classes longer than 200-400 lines seem good candidates to split.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lots of tests&lt;/strong&gt;: Tests covering different applications areas seems good candidates to split.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Running tests in parallel&lt;/strong&gt;: It is way easier to run tests spread around classes/files in parallel.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good reasons to have a single file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limited number of tests&lt;/strong&gt;: In an &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/stoppable&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;open-source project of mine&lt;/a&gt; I have just &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nreijmersdal/stoppable/tree/master/src/seleniumTests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;14 end-to-end tests&lt;/a&gt;, seems to fit fine in one file. Probably will split it when it becomes to big.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Central&lt;/strong&gt;: Simple central location can be handy for smaller projects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good practise:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to keep it as simple as possible from the beginning. I apply &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itexico.com/blog/bid/99765/software-development-kiss-yagni-dry-3-principles-to-simplify-your-life&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;KISS, YAGNI and DRY principles&lt;/a&gt;. Therefor I always start my testing in a single file. The next step is to move the test steps into simple &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pageObjects&lt;/a&gt;, as tests start repeating the same code. Then I might start splitting the tests into multiple files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bad practise: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I certainly not do is copy over a complicated file structure from a previous project into a new fresh project. It sounds easy, but possibly adds a lot of overhead and learning curve for other team members. Starting simple helps everyone in the team to enjoying writing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T09:06:04.217" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T09:06:04.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29913" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-03T10:00:18.613" Score="4" ViewCount="306" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm very much interested in taking ISTQB Software Testing Foundation course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But before I start with the course I wish to familiarize myself with Software Quality Assurance &amp;amp; Testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So are there any online sites that might help me with the syllabus also with mock exams?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please send links !!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28339" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T12:12:42.497" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T11:34:38.993" Title="ISTQB Software Testing Foundation course" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;learning&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29913" CreationDate="2017-10-03T10:39:55.570" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The official site for downloading syllabus and materials:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/syllabi/foundation-level-syllabus.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/syllabi/foundation-level-syllabus.html&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.istqb.org/downloads.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional links to go thro:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.testingexcellence.com/istqb-quiz/istqb-foundation-practice-exam-1/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.testingexcellence.com/istqb-quiz/istqb-foundation-practice-exam-1/&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://istqb.patshala.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://istqb.patshala.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T10:39:55.570" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25150" CreationDate="2017-10-03T12:28:15.007" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Results may vary... I've managed to create user acceptance tests for flight simulators with FitNesse (real stuff, not simulator games type).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests were written in natural language, convenient for the pilots and engineers, the calls to the simulation were wrapped into a small layer &quot;stimulating&quot; the switches and reading the values from the &quot;cockpit&quot; like airspeed, landing gear light status and many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example of  fixture in the wiki:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;|Check|Landing gear light |NOSE|is|GREEN|&#xA;&#xA;|Check|Landing gear light |LEFT|is|GREEN|&#xA;&#xA;|Check|Landing gear light |RIGHT|is|GREEN|&#xA;&#xA;|Move landing gear selector to |UP| position|&#xA;&#xA;|Check|Landing gear light |NOSE|is|RED|&#xA;&#xA;|Check|Landing gear light |LEFT|is|RED|&#xA;&#xA;|Check|Landing gear light |RIGHT|is|RED|&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;example of code in C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;string LandingGearLightIs(string sIndic) {&#xA;    and so on ... return (&quot;RED&quot;) or return (&quot;GREEN&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Typical panel of the Boeing 737 for example: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fly737ng.com/?p=228&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.fly737ng.com/?p=228&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The developers were writing tests the same way, that was very convenient because of natural language, learning curve was shorter when swapping developers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our framework contains about 37000 checks, spread in 900 tests about. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28341" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T14:04:31.990" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T14:04:31.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29917" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29851" CreationDate="2017-10-03T13:10:44.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Having raised the question on the MS developer forum the suggestion was to use a token replacement task (there are a number of extensions on the marketplace). This makes it easy to declare and override variables in your code with those in your build definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its not an ideal solution as it makes running things locally a bit more painful but it does work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You can add a Replace token task (for example: &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=qetza.replacetokens&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=qetza.replacetokens&lt;/a&gt; ) to replace the Context Parameter value. Steps as below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Add Replace Token task, and specify the target files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Assign a variable (for example: website) to ContextParameters in .loadtests file ContextParameter Name=&quot;WebServer&quot; Value=&quot;#{website}#&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Define the variable in Variables tab&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/content/problem/123486/unable-to-override-context-parameter-in-cloud-load.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/content/problem/123486/unable-to-override-context-parameter-in-cloud-load.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively, it seems like the suggestion is to have multiple .loadtests in your project for each environment with the .loadtest itself acting as the config. Then in VSTS you would select which loadtest to run as part of the build/release definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17933" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T13:10:44.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29918" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14474" CreationDate="2017-10-03T13:48:30.117" Score="-2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement textBox = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;challenger_largest_order&quot;));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; redioButtonlist = driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;collection_radio_buttons&quot;));&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Total Number of Index is &quot; + redioButtonlist.size());&#xA;    int maxNumber = 0;&#xA;    int index = 0;&#xA;    for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt;= redioButtonlist.size(); i++) {&#xA;        for (int j = i + 1; j &amp;lt;= redioButtonlist.size(); j++) {&#xA;&#xA;            if (maxNumber &amp;lt;= Integer.valueOf(redioButtonlist.get(i).getText())) {&#xA;                maxNumber = Integer.valueOf(redioButtonlist.get(i).getText());&#xA;            }&#xA;            if (maxNumber == Integer.valueOf(redioButtonlist.get(i).getText())) {&#xA;                index = i;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    System.out.println(String.valueOf(&quot;The MaximumNumber is &quot; + maxNumber));&#xA;    textBox.sendKeys(String.valueOf(maxNumber));&#xA;    redioButtonlist.get(index).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** this should be work &#xA;for select Maximum number(used Index) and write in Text box (used maxNumber) . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28342" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-10-03T14:05:53.773" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T14:05:53.773" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29919" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-03T16:15:13.960" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the ISTQB syllabi I found this statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Note that test automation refines the fundamental test process by&#xA;  inserting test generation between test design and test&#xA;  implementation.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone clarify the role of test generation step?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6172" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T11:48:38.943" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T15:20:11.033" Title="What is the difference between &quot;Test generation&quot; and &quot;Test design&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;istqb&gt;&lt;certification&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29919" CreationDate="2017-10-03T17:00:38.440" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Design - The process of transforming general test objectives into tangible test conditions and test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Generation - This supports manual or automated design of test suites and/or test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-10-03T17:00:38.440" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29924" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-04T06:54:34.900" Score="2" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since we say that IDs are faster and are preferred over XPaths, how different would the execution of the following be?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@id='Save']&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;Save&quot;)).click();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15138" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T09:28:48.213" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T12:45:00.963" Title="How different the execution would be if we use ID or xpath with ID?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29897" CreationDate="2017-10-04T07:12:31.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First reaction should be, buy some time to investigate the issue and co-ordinate to fix the issue. Then let them know &quot;we would investigate why the issue has been leaked from our testing&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Analyse why the bug has been missed, could be variety of reasons&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    * Business use case wouldn't have been properly defined or not captured &#xA; properly&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. Bug would be replicated by only one specific set of data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could be reproducible by only one specific flow.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ways to mitigate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;map your tests with requirements and figure out whether there is enough tests in the area where business found out the bug, and add further regression tests where possible, by this way you can increase coverage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Liaise with developers and ask what are the areas his/her code change would influence/affect, accordingly concentrate your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Involve business in your testing phase like witness testing, or making them to review your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where possible add automation tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;by this way you could positively influence your testing and involve business in the QA process as well&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24537" LastEditorUserId="24537" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T10:27:14.540" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T10:27:14.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29926" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-04T07:36:55.457" Score="1" ViewCount="86" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to write automated tests for jQuery based plugins using Selenium WebDriver and Mocha. I have 3 questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.&lt;code&gt;mocha test&lt;/code&gt; command is used to start the test. If I need to do the tests parallelly in all the browsers, how would I achieve it? By looping through the test suites using different browser plugins or is there a better way to achieve this?&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2. My Test cases mostly involve checking with the attributes and content of the DOMElement. Can't I use selenium web driver just to open the browser and deal every other with plain javascript instead of using Selenium API to get the element, and do some actions on the button like performing Click Operation? Mocha allows this when it is run in the browser.&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3. In which case, should I use build tools like Grunt or Gulp for my test cases? Kindly explain this with an example.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28240" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:51:31.090" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:51:31.090" Title="Automated Testing Parallely across browsers (Selenium + Mocha )" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;mocha&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29930" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29924" CreationDate="2017-10-04T10:54:21.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends what you mean by different. Best practice would be to use a static ID of some kind, either whether a test ID or through an element ID - as long as it's 1) unique and 2) static.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath isn't ideal as it's relative to other elements on the page, meaning it's liable to change fairly often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28354" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T10:54:21.800" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29931" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30121" CreationDate="2017-10-04T11:08:27.767" Score="2" ViewCount="272" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm currently working on a website which takes 2-3 MINS to complete the page load. Even after all the elements are visible,still browser keeps loading. I have figured it out that happens because the website contains social media links such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram etc. Facebook access is prohibited in where I am right now. SO browser took so long to complete the connection between those buttons and social media servers. I blocked Facebook from host file even but no luck yet. Is there a way to stop running scripts or stop making connections with those servers from those buttons.? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: I'm not the developer of the website. So cannot change anything on the code. I checked with chrome,Firefox and even with IE drivers. - no luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28347" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T10:27:58.047" Title="Stop social media connection request in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29924" CreationDate="2017-10-04T13:05:06.563" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are looking for an element by id, this is going to eventually come down to &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/getElementById&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;document.getElementById()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; execution which is blazingly fast and highly optimized by the modern browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;XPath location strategy in this case requires traversing the whole HTML tree even though having the id attribute check is usually optimized in XPath engines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-04T13:12:44.910" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T13:12:44.910" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29931" CreationDate="2017-10-04T14:15:02.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If all hope is lost, and those sites are actually blocked internally, and this is worth the effort than you can redirect the calls to a local faked site.&#xA;The easiest might probably be adding a static DNS Record for site X, and keeping a copy of the requested page on a local server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T14:15:02.823" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29935" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29937" CreationDate="2017-10-04T14:58:32.917" Score="3" ViewCount="438" Body="&lt;p&gt;So im in a bit of a conundrum. I have a Rails project which i've written Automated tests for in Capybara using ChromeDriver/Selenium. It works great, but is quite long.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also have headless chrome driver &quot;set up&quot; for this project....but honestly it just doesn't work great. Headless chrome driver is a bit early and has gone through a lot of changes but will probably inevitably be the &quot;go-to&quot; headless driver of choice probably taking over PhantomJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This being said, i'd typically use poltergeist to run headless because it works well...but at the same time phantomjs will probably eventually lose out to headless chrome, and not to mention a lot of the issues we've seen with this particular app have been browser related.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that being said: Is it crazy to run a browser based UI Automation on a CI Server? Obviously it will be slower but def. more accurate. Is this common practice? I've only been doing automation for a little over a year but not a whole lot via CI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12629" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T15:24:28.057" Title="Non-headless Automation Testing on CI Server?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;capybara&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29935" CreationDate="2017-10-04T15:24:28.057" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The short answer:&lt;/strong&gt; No, it is not crazy, as long as you take the proper precautions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The longer answer:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's nothing inherently wrong with running UI automation from a CI server. That said, there are a number of factors you need to take into account.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don't block CI&lt;/strong&gt; - You should be limiting the continuous run suites to a basic smoke test run on the CI server unless you are farming your UI test suites out to other machines. This is completely doable, as long as you configure your UI automation correctly.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Configure the run systems carefully&lt;/strong&gt; - The machines running UI automation must be able to be configured to automatically log on and have the screensaver disabled. Depending on how your UI systems are configured, you may need to ensure that the user running the tests is an administrator on the systems (alternatively, have a set of containers that are configured to meet your needs and spin them up as needed).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maintain a UI automation subnet&lt;/strong&gt; - In order to limit the security risks that go with needing to keep a set of virtual systems that auto log on and never lock, a dedicated subnet that is not accessible to anyone outside a very limited set of users is also helpful. If you're using containers, you may still need to do this and set the containers to use the subnet IP range. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Choose your app version carefully&lt;/strong&gt; - For an extensive UI automation suite, I prefer to have the general regression tied to a non-production branch in order to catch regressions earlier, and keep smoke tests pointed to production or staging branch environments. Dedicated mirrors of production also help to avoid impacting live application data and performance. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as you keep the UI automation performed directly on the CI server as light as possible and distribute the longer running tests in a way that allows you to catch regression issues quickly without compromising the overall application quality, there's nothing wrong with configuring your CI system to run UI automation.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T15:24:28.057" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29347" CreationDate="2017-10-04T16:46:28.923" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This answer assumes that you have ruled working on the DOM level with selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you want to do &lt;strong&gt;visual testing&lt;/strong&gt;, I see several options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are not tied to Selenium, use the free &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu web testing&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;tool, which works &lt;em&gt;visually&lt;/em&gt;, just the way you want it to work. It&#xA;has built-in &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/docs/scraping#ocr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OCR&lt;/a&gt;. At the very least, you can use this tool test&#xA;if the visual testing approach itself is the right one for your test&#xA;case - before spending much time to get Selenium to work this way.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If Selenium:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;OCR for use with Selenium: Go for an &lt;a href=&quot;https://ocr.space/compare-ocr-software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online ocr solution&lt;/a&gt;, it&#xA;will be much easier to use than implementing Tesseract. Here is some&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ocr.space/ocrapi#java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java code&lt;/a&gt; to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you do not need OCR, but &quot;only&quot; image recognition? In this&#xA;case &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tothenew.com/blog/integration-of-sikuli-with-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium + Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; is an option.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="28469" LastEditDate="2018-06-26T08:17:29.817" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T08:17:29.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29897" CreationDate="2017-10-04T21:18:27.833" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that your reaction should, in part, depend on the quantity and severity of defects being found in production. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they are finding minor issues, like misspelling a link name or similar, then I would acknowledge it, get it fixed and let them know how I will change the process to reduce the likelihood of it occurring again. If they are finding many of these, I would take a hard look at both my process and the dev process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they are finding serious issues or show stoppers, then I would acknowledge the issue, get it fixed asap and then perform a full root cause analysis to determine where the testing/dev process is failing. It is always possible that the failure is on the business side, in that they did not provide accurate or complete business cases and expected development to compensate for their vagueness. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, I would strongly suggest integrating business users into a user acceptance testing phase. Get them involved and invested in the process, not just the results. This will help you build an atmosphere that is much more conducive to long term success. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28369" LastActivityDate="2017-10-04T21:18:27.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29940" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-05T01:29:39.757" Score="2" ViewCount="947" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am generating an extent report every time my regression suite runs. The project folder structure is ProjectFolder/Results. I am running the regression suite from Jenkins job. So whenever the regression suite is executed, a folder is created under the Results folder with the name Regression_YYYYMMDDHHMMSS. The YYYYMMDDHHMMSS is the current time-stamp. Then the extent report is saved here. I want to set HTML Publisher as Post Build action. In this how do I set the path of the folder (Results/Regression_YYYYMMDDHHMMSS) as the path is dynamic&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest the steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27178" LastEditorUserId="27178" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T22:36:58.417" LastActivityDate="2020-09-17T23:04:55.420" Title="Jenkins HTML Publisher - Provide dynamic folder name to Path in HTML Publisher Plugin" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;extent&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29942" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29901" CreationDate="2017-10-05T06:12:08.280" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check  &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robot Framework&lt;/a&gt;. It does what you need and can be harnessed to do a lot more too. After initial setting up it is easy to manage. It has nice reports, integrates nicely to Jenkins and also to Test management tools if you need broader view on how testing is connected to user stories / requirements etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28375" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T06:12:08.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26648" CreationDate="2017-10-05T07:41:27.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am surprised that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.sikuli.org/&lt;/a&gt; is not mentioned yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why Sikuli?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli automates anything you see on the screen. It uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components. It is useful when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will, however, need to script some parts in Python, for example the OS version detection.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T07:41:27.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29946" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15623" CreationDate="2017-10-05T09:11:44.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sikuli.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sikuli&lt;/a&gt; can be an option:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sikuli automates anything you see on the screen. It uses image recognition to identify and control GUI components. It is useful when there is no easy access to a GUI's internal or source code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T09:11:44.113" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29919" CreationDate="2017-10-05T09:27:36.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Lets first take the definition of the words in that sentence:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fundamental&lt;/strong&gt;: forming a necessary base or core; of central importance.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design&lt;/strong&gt;: a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of an object before it is built or made.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Generation&lt;/strong&gt;: the production of something.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implementation&lt;/strong&gt;: the process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When interpreting the sentence I do not see how this is fundamentally different from manual testing. Creating/generating the manual test scripts seems the same as creating automated-tests. Automated tests are also scripts that perform scripted steps to check a system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automatic test generation&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe they mean a step that automatically generates test-cases. There are some tools to generate (unit-)tests automatically, but I would not see that as a good nor a best practice at this time. Read more &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2131935/automatic-generation-of-unit-tests-for-java&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/689087/automatic-generation-of-unit-test-cases-for-net-and-java&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T15:20:11.033" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T15:20:11.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29950" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-05T10:22:26.163" Score="3" ViewCount="789" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on &lt;strong&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/strong&gt; with Java for one of my project. I am looking for some help in working with &lt;strong&gt;PhantomJS&lt;/strong&gt; in following scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step-1:&lt;/strong&gt; Mouse hover on tab/link then 2 sub-links will display&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Step-2:&lt;/strong&gt; Click on 2nd sub-link (This element is not visible if width is less than 992)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here in &lt;strong&gt;Step-2&lt;/strong&gt;, I am failing due to page is not displaying the element. I have tried following ways to resolve:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added wait statement before clicking (Explicit wait -&amp;gt; wait until element clickable)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Script getting failed in this step due to element is not clickable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set the custom window size (1920 X 1080)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Here my query is when I used driver.window.maximize(), I am getting window size as &amp;quot;1366 X 768&amp;quot;. So I am not sure whether it will work if I set the window size as &amp;quot;1920 X 1080&amp;quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share your experiences or idea's to resolve this issue. Your help/suggestions are very helpful to me&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: I am facing this issue only PhanjomJS browser only in remaining all browsers are working fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:17:16.633" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:17:16.633" Title="How to set browser window size using Phantom JS + Java" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="29952" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29977" CreationDate="2017-10-05T13:10:37.113" Score="2" ViewCount="130" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems that model based testing approach is dead. Most of tools for model based test end in 2010-2012. For example NModel is dead, Spec Expoler ends in 2012 visual studio. Why? What new methods are currently developing for testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28323" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T07:36:39.137" Title="Model based testing" Tags="&lt;model-based-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29953" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-05T13:59:52.637" Score="1" ViewCount="1820" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked in an interview this question&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That two different scenario requires data from a common sheet. How to we identify that data already used , while passing it as input. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general how to identify the data is already used and we need to select another record from data sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28382" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T15:13:55.500" Title="Duplicate records identification in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-08T21:07:44.037" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29953" CreationDate="2017-10-05T14:22:07.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That sounds almost like a trick question, if I understand it correctly. If each row may be used only &lt;strong&gt;once&lt;/strong&gt;, then the rows should be specific for a test and not in a &lt;strong&gt;common&lt;/strong&gt; sheet (do you see the contradiction? ;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having a common set of data for multiple tests can be fine if all tests are allowed to that same data (e.g. default values for an address). This simply sounds like bad design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, it is possible (if it wasn't a trick question) that the intent is to add some data variability to the tests (e.g. 10 sets of data, randomly divided among 10 tests every time). If that's the case, the data is either consistent (if it influences the test outcome, e.g. discount values for an order) or not important (if it doesn't influence the test outcome, e.g. a street name).&#xA;In both of these cases, you should use existing 'random data generators' that return random data and/or write your own where necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T14:22:07.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29955" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29971" CreationDate="2017-10-05T14:36:12.750" Score="5" ViewCount="143" Body="&lt;h1&gt;My Problem:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am in a situation where there is no immediate demand to test any feature (no new features in need of testing, or no new changes made)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This makes it difficult to identify areas that are potentially highly buggy, but there are no clear signs of that (such as recent constant crashing, customers sending tickets, or failing tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;My question:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I prioritize areas of the product under test for adding tests (KPI, rules of thumb, general regression sweeps) in the absence of new feature development? Or am I overthinking it, and maybe other tasks (such as automation/process improvement) should be higher priority?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19247" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T15:08:55.547" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T09:51:22.650" Title="KPI/ways to identify areas in need of testing" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29957" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-05T21:28:11.210" Score="1" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;I often get requests from developers and others to test some scenarios to check if a web app functions correctly. Generally, these scenarios don't have enough details and I have to waste a lot of time in getting information that should have already been given to me. So, I was thinking of forcing the entire organization to communicate such scenarios in Gherkin format, as shown below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;GIVEN the conditions condition-1, condition-2, condition-3 etc.,&#xA;WHEN these actions action-1, action-2, action-3 etc. are performed,&#xA;THEN these events occur event-1, event-2, event-3 etc.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This format seems very helpful in that it will make scenarios clear and reduce the need for unnecessary communication to find out the GIVEN, WHENS and THENS that one needs to know before they test something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, since I have limited experience in using Gherkin, I am not sure if Gherkin is the best way to communicate scenarios in all kinds of situations. I don't know if there are any better methods out there. So, what is the best way to write testing scenarios ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastEditorUserId="19669" LastEditDate="2017-10-05T22:05:58.913" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T12:01:11.723" Title="What is the best way to write test scenarios?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29958" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29957" CreationDate="2017-10-05T22:49:13.727" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regardless of to Gerkin or not to Gerkin, the point is communication.  You need to help communication and rework be decreased for the project as a whole.  If that format will accomplish that then good, if it needs to be modified or something else done, then do that.  I have found it's best to work as a team to fix the communication and the first step is getting everyone to acknowledge it's an issue and then come to a unified decision on fixing the issue.  If you just say &quot;do x&quot; and noone wants to do it or believes it's helpful then you might as well just talk to yourself and do what you want.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Get the team as a whole to see the issue and the need for a solution.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Come up with a list of ideas, not just 1, and present them to the team and indicate which idea you think would work best and why.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take any other suggestions that people might have and compare/contrast.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a vote and go for a team trial run and see if it improves.  If future improvements are needed repeat the process.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will help include everyone and also help the team as a whole be more team oriented and working together.  Just enforcing something on everyone to benefit one part usually does not do anything but aggravate everyone and breed dis-unity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-10-05T22:49:13.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29960" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29985" CreationDate="2017-10-06T04:46:50.877" Score="2" ViewCount="4220" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problems while picking up variables set by the Regular Expression Extractor in a Beanshell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/w4baX.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/w4baX.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KoAAt.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KoAAt.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The result of Regular Expression Extractor:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JMeterVariables:&#xA;JMeterThread.last_sample_ok=true&#xA;JMeterThread.pack=org.apache.jmeter.threads.SamplePackage@120cc173&#xA;START.HMS=090316&#xA;START.MS=1507255396987&#xA;START.YMD=20171006&#xA;TESTSTART.MS=1507266934916&#xA;returnLink=not found&#xA;returnLink_1=/tripper/payment/info?booking=KD6YGS4L8I&#xA;returnLink_1_g=1&#xA;returnLink_1_g0=&quot;returnLink&quot;:&quot;/tripper/payment/info?booking=KD6YGS4L8I&quot;&#xA;returnLink_1_g1=/tripper/payment/info?booking=KD6YGS4L8I&#xA;returnLink_matchNr=1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to using returnLink_1 in Beanshell, but I cannot get And print it out. Actually, I want to get &quot;KD6YGS4L8I&quot; from the string but I can't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int size = Integer.parseInt(vars.get(&quot;returnLink_matchNr&quot;)); // to get size of matched values&#xA;log.info(&quot;size is:&quot; + size ); // you can remove log stmts once it is working&#xA;&#xA;String url = vars.get(&quot;returnLink_1&quot;);&#xA;log.info(&quot;link:&quot;, url);&#xA;vars.put(&quot;BookingCode&quot;,url); // store in Booking code and use for next thread&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm a newbie in JMeter. Please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27983" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T11:37:18.330" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T04:33:51.540" Title="Cannot get value from Regular Expression Extractor and using in BeanShell PostProcessor" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29961" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29988" CreationDate="2017-10-06T06:32:43.160" Score="0" ViewCount="1854" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am Using Jmeter for load testing so i am little bit struck so here is problem i want run continuously  (Http-request-2) getDriverLocationId in between Trip started(Http request -1) and Trip complete(Http Request -3) with set time interval between Trip started and Trip complete  is possible in Jmeter please tell me with explanation as soon as possible   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Real time scenario--&gt; i am working currently on  Uber/ola  like mobile app i have to test load on that application by using set of api  so  let us say Http request-1 consisting of driver location details (lat and long and driver id ) and http request- 1 and Http request -3  consisting of Ride start and  Ride completion details(source lat,long and destination lat,long ) so now i  need to run Http request-2  from trip starting to trip completion Means Http Request 2 runs several time from start trip and complete trip &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bNz9P.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bNz9P.png&quot; alt=&quot;Image of above Description&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="28393" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T09:42:25.747" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T04:15:58.983" Title="How to run one Http Request between execution time of other two Http Request in Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29957" CreationDate="2017-10-06T07:30:19.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a manual tester in an organization where we do not get much of written requirements. What helps me is I follow basic functionality checking with the format you have shared in your question.&#xA;For more details, I focus on DON'Ts and Negative aspects of requirements, where I try to break the developer's code. or A scenarios that developer has not handled or have forgotten to.&#xA;Play with dependencies, if there are requirements that have pre-requisites and post behaviors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try, if they can help you increasing your test scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28325" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T07:30:19.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29815" CreationDate="2017-10-06T07:31:06.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;strong&gt;xpath&lt;/strong&gt; to find this element this worked for me every time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//android.widget.TextView[@text='Display']&quot;).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13033" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T07:31:06.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29964" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29815" CreationDate="2017-10-06T08:53:21.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case you can find those element by using &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.Name(&quot;Display&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(new By.ByName(&quot;Display&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//android.widget.TextView[@text='Display']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23898" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T08:53:21.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29815" CreationDate="2017-10-06T09:05:48.850" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Issue was related to the JAR files compatibility among them.&#xA;After using following versions jar viz &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;gson-2.8.2.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;java-client-5.0.3.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;junit-4.12.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;selenium-server-standalone-3.5.3.jar&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It worked fine with the current xpath as stated in the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for your participation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T09:05:48.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29931" CreationDate="2017-10-06T11:31:31.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On your browsers that run the tests install add-ons to block popups and external scripts.  No-Script is a great on for Firefox, but each has their own.  You will then need to go configure a white-list of what should be allowed and leave everything else blocked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will allow your site and test to run without any interference from third party site adds/scripts/etc...  Just be sure you manually run through it and make sure it's set properly to prevent what you don't want and allow what you do want.  Then the automation test would be able to run without interruption.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8480" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T11:31:31.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29955" CreationDate="2017-10-06T12:06:43.317" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're actually in a reasonably good place, if the application is stable enough that there aren't a lot of defects reported and it isn't undergoing major development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Survey historical defects&lt;/strong&gt; - Since you don't have any current data on where the app is most fragile, the historical defect record is your main tool to find this data: you'll be looking for clusters of defects that follow either a feature development or a bug fix. That will give a clue to the more fragile parts of the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find the 20%&lt;/strong&gt; - The 80/20 rule is that 80% of user interactions are performed in 20% of the system. You need to know what that 20% is, because chances are you'll get more forgiveness of defects in the rest of the system than you will in the 20%. Focusing automated regression on the 20% rarely goes astray.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find the critical functionality&lt;/strong&gt; - The critical functionality will often overlap a lot with the 20% that gets most use, but not always. For example, password reset and forgot password functionality is critical to users, but is typically not frequently used. Similarly, some setup activities are critical, but once completed aren't used often. This should be your next priority target.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those three sets of data should give you enough information to focus on for a long time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T12:06:43.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29773" CreationDate="2017-10-06T12:16:17.643" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In most of the software testing companies we use below solutions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//h1[contains(text(),'THE SAME NAME I&quot;M USING')]following-sibling::p//a[contains(text(),'Colour2')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will help as per your requirement &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further below are some other options you can try&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Using Link text:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Colour1&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Colour2&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Using xpath:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(text(),'Colour1')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[contains(text(),'Colour2')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-10-06T12:16:17.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29974" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-06T14:21:10.600" Score="3" ViewCount="203" Body="&lt;p&gt;Few days ago, I have checked the tests of my node project. There are a lot of tests, but I ask myself which tests are necessary and which are not. I searched google and found very interesting strategy of &quot;risk based testing&quot;. Now I'm looking for a good checklist for risk based testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28404" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T14:37:50.260" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T23:38:03.597" Title="What is a good checklist for risk based testing?" Tags="&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;risk-analysis&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29975" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-06T17:12:44.943" Score="0" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to select a field (checkbox), however I am not able to, using code below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement comboboxElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;chkRANGE_0_2K\&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;        comboboxElement.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also tried this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement comboboxElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;chkRANGE_2K_5K&quot;));&#xA;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;chkRANGE_2K_5K\&quot;]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;Select combobox = new Select(comboboxElement);    &#xA;dropdown.selectByValue(&quot;RANGE_0_2K&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; value=&quot;RANGE_0_2K&quot; id=&quot;chkRANGE_0_2K&quot; class=&quot;ng-untouched ng-pristine ng-valid xh-highlight&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28407" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-06T19:38:54.540" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:29:01.360" Title="Software Quality - checkbox and radio" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29976" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13526" CreationDate="2017-10-07T03:47:44.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First create a profile as I created with &quot;Test&quot; in Firefox using below command in CMD:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&quot; -P&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then import your certificate in this newly created Firefox Profile with Password used to generate the certificate. In my case this was a P12 extenstion Certificate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once done you can use below code in Selenium and Firefox will not popup for Certificate and you will be logged into the Portal or Website.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ProfilesIni allProfiles = new ProfilesIni();&#xA;FirefoxProfile myProfile = allProfiles.getProfile(&quot;Test&quot;);&#xA;myProfile.setPreference(&quot;security.default_personal_cert&quot;, &quot;Select Automatically&quot;);&#xA;FirefoxOptions firefoxoptions = new FirefoxOptions();&#xA;firefoxoptions.setProfile(myProfile);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxoptions);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Background I am using Firefox 56.0 and Windows 7&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28411" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T03:47:44.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29952" CreationDate="2017-10-07T07:36:39.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you implement Model-Based Testing for complexer models (complexer than the coffee machine) which e.g. have inputs with larger or even infinite input domains (like integer, float, double, strings etc.) and use a rich modern modeling language you have to solve a very hard problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The solution is using symbolic execution (guided execution, concolic execution ... ) and e.g. constraint solvers are used to solve the problem. This is still rocket science. The solvers are very generic but also very slow (Conformiq Designer is an example for an active product relying on that). Today we have not enough science funding to make faster progress on constraint solvers. There are only very few people able to work on that. Rather I think the effort already reached a peak and slowed down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Model-Based Testing is only one application for this technique. Exactly the same technology is used in parametrized unit tests. Here we use the final code (not a model) for exploration and equip it with assert-statements. These tools are simpler to use and have more customers and this is why there are more active products for nearly every programming language (E.g. IntelliTest for .Net, Reactis for C, Simulink Design Verifier for Simulink etc.). The tools can't be for free of course.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Model-based Testing is only a tiny step towards developing things like autonomous or secure systems. Even if you find a person which is able to work with Model-Based Testing tools chances are high that bugs are not found. For these systems you need proving systems - an even harder problem. This shows how far we are away from seeing products like that for the foreseeable future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28412" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T07:36:39.137" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29978" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28670" CreationDate="2017-10-07T14:25:16.850" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hope it is not too late to reply.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For data-driven-testing, I prefer SpecFlow's Scenario Outline approach than csv file for a automated test. Why? As a known benefit of BDD, SpecFlow's Scenario Outline brings all of detail in one readable place - your feature file.&#xA;Then you can manage your feature behavior and data that you decide to test against in one single file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario Outline ...&#xA;    Given aaa &amp;lt;xxx&amp;gt;&#xA;    When bbb &amp;lt;yyy&amp;gt;&#xA;    Then ccc &amp;lt;zzz&amp;gt;&#xA;Example:&#xA;    | xxx | yyy | zzz |&#xA;    | ... | ... | ... |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to migrate your previous data-driven CSV file to the Specflow one, using a text editor with replace feature should work it out in a second with replace &lt;em&gt;tab&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;^&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;$&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;|&lt;/em&gt;. done!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastEditorUserId="3126" LastEditDate="2017-10-07T15:46:48.803" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T15:46:48.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29979" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29486" CreationDate="2017-10-07T17:03:54.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are moving forward for automation approach, applying BDD with &quot;Scenario Outline&quot; feature to your case, it can be fit in one readable scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario Outline: Bill payment after due date&#xA;    Given &amp;lt;operator&amp;gt; bill, due date is &amp;lt;dueDate&amp;gt;&#xA;     When payment is made today&#xA;     Then payment is &amp;lt;result&amp;gt;&#xA;Examples: &#xA;    | operator | dueDate   | result   |&#xA;    |    A     | yesterday | rejected |&#xA;    |    B     | yesterday | accepted |&#xA;    |    C     | yesterday | rejected |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While step definitions of these keywords requires parameters:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given(&quot;&quot;&quot;^(A|B|C) bill due date is (yesterday|today|tomorrow)$&quot;&quot;&quot;) { (operator: String, dueDate: String) =&amp;gt;&#xA;    // Set a context, which operator to test and when is the due date.&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;When(&quot;&quot;&quot;^payment is made today$&quot;&quot;&quot;) { &#xA;    // Execute payment action as of today.&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;Then(&quot;&quot;&quot;^payment is (rejected|accepted)&quot;&quot;&quot;) { (result: String) =&amp;gt;&#xA;    // Assert the actual payment result whether payment is rejected or accepted.&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is how &lt;em&gt;BDD Scenario Outline&lt;/em&gt; works and if you have good parameterized step definitions, you can re-use it to create many more test cases for a payment with a concern of due date. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario Outline: Bill payment on due date&#xA;    Given &amp;lt;operator&amp;gt; bill, due date is &amp;lt;dueDate&amp;gt;&#xA;     When payment is made today&#xA;     Then payment is &amp;lt;result&amp;gt;&#xA;Examples: &#xA;    | operator | dueDate | result   |&#xA;    |    A     | today   | accepted |&#xA;    |    B     | today   | accepted |&#xA;    |    C     | today   | accepted |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2017-10-07T17:03:54.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28413" CreationDate="2017-10-08T09:07:52.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to add another view of QA engineer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have story during development phase to tell your client? Do you add value to the product? I bet you do as Quality Assurance. Go tell them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since we should be a QA rather than a tester. We do assurance the quality of software and quality is not a thing that only measure after developer finish the last line of code. Actually, Quality need to be addressed before developer start the first line of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With team, QA grooms the client's requirements with a view of system impact, usability, UX, and etc. QA produces test approach for positive and negative scenario. We plan for performance and failure test. ... blah blah blah it's a lot of thing QA do to assurance the quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if none of a single test is fail when we did a test. But I think the things, QA did affect developer and the software somehow. Maybe developer had go over our test cases and realized he missed a detail. Then the discuss was arranged and developer did a fix before he shipped the software to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is just an example. I believe you did and you do these things already. If this kind of client issue happen again. Go tell them, what is the value that you add to software, not only the test cases that you test against it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T09:07:52.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29981" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29838" CreationDate="2017-10-08T14:38:49.173" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;afterAll()&lt;/code&gt; code is executed after all the tests have run at the end of the test-suite. If you want to cleanup after tests you should use &lt;code&gt;afterEach()&lt;/code&gt; instead. Protractor uses Jasmine, check &lt;a href=&quot;https://jasmine.github.io/2.0/introduction.html#section-Setup_and_Teardown&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the documentation about Setup and TearDowns&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The clear Storage functions do not clear the cookies, only the storage used by the developers. Often session information is stored in cookies instead. You could try to also clear the cookies after each test with &lt;code&gt;browser.manage().deleteAllCookies()&lt;/code&gt; or use &lt;code&gt;browser.restart()&lt;/code&gt; to start with a fresh session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, see &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40296093/protractor-clear-browsing-data-completely&quot;&gt;this question.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T10:59:02.347" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T10:59:02.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29982" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29953" CreationDate="2017-10-08T15:13:55.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me try.. It always depends on type of data and purpose so without looking to it we can't give exact answer except we can answer as an interview question like below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assume data having some id then you can cross check by id that scenario2 used this id? If yes then skip it for scenario1.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When parsing of data, after using row1 data put some flag that row1 is used at scenario1 so scenario2 can skip it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There could be other way as well but again without understanding requirement its hard to say how? You should have asked more information in the interview to get more details :)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28424" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T15:13:55.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29974" CreationDate="2017-10-08T22:09:27.620" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea of risk based testing is that &lt;em&gt;your&lt;/em&gt; context defines what the risks might be. What is important to me is not necessarily important to you. So there won't be a checklist that will work for everybody.&#xA;Having said that: you might find this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/htsm.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTSM&lt;/a&gt; explanation useful. To guide your thinking about what could be risky in your situation and what area would warrant some better investigation/testing. But don't rely on lists only! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more reading look here for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Michael Bolton&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/articles/2006-10-MasterOfYourDomain.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Another great source is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/BBST/testdesign/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cem Kaner&lt;/a&gt; with his BBST series on Test Design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T22:09:27.620" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29984" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29961" CreationDate="2017-10-08T22:23:32.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand your question correctly you want to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;request 1 - start&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;request 2 &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;request 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... (number of request 2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;request 3 - stop&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can you use for instance the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Loop_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Loop controller&lt;/a&gt; in which case you can repeat the request for a number of times. Or the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#While_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;While Controller&lt;/a&gt; which allows you to run until the condition in the while is no longer true. For more options look &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#logic_controllers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. You would likely also use some timer to wait between every consecutive request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your example is missing some, in all likelihood, needed elements. So have a read in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;manual&lt;/a&gt; :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(typos corrected)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T22:23:32.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29960" CreationDate="2017-10-08T23:04:14.590" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As Rohan already states: you should use &quot;1&quot; and not &quot;-1&quot;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oY1VO.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/oY1VO.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be better that your expression would look like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;booking=(.+?)&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tKoQT.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/tKoQT.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as that would extract only the code you are looking for and it is returned in the defined variable ready for further use (assuming that the string is always the same of course apart from your code, otherwise you have to adapt your regex accordingly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-10-08T23:04:14.590" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29987" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29960" CreationDate="2017-10-09T04:11:22.930" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure your Beanshell PostProcessor is located &lt;strong&gt;below&lt;/strong&gt; the Regular Expression Extractor as JMeter runs Post-Processors upside down&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your test has mistake, you need to replace this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;log.info(&quot;link:&quot;, url);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;log.info(&quot;link:&quot; + url);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in order to see the output in the &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#bsh_scripting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Since JMeter 3.1 it is recommended to use JSR223 test elements&lt;/a&gt; and Groovy language for scripting instead of Beanshell. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/groovy-new-black&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache Groovy - Why and How You Should Use It&lt;/a&gt; guide for more detailed explanation on why Groovy is better. You won't even have to change a single line of code (apart from the one, mentioned in point 2)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In general you don't need to copy &lt;code&gt;returnLink_1&lt;/code&gt; variable into &lt;code&gt;BookingCode&lt;/code&gt; variable, you can access its value as &lt;code&gt;${returnLink_1}&lt;/code&gt; directly where required. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T04:11:22.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29961" CreationDate="2017-10-09T04:15:58.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on what you are trying to achieve, the options are in:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put &lt;code&gt;getDriverLocationId&lt;/code&gt; request in the separate &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt;. My expectation is that mobile client application should send location all the time in intervals you can set using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Constant_Timer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Constant Timer&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put &lt;code&gt;getDriverLocationId&lt;/code&gt; under the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Loop_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Loop Controller&lt;/a&gt; to run it specified amount of times&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put &lt;code&gt;getDriverLocationId&lt;/code&gt; under the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/using-while-controller-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;While Controller&lt;/a&gt; so the request will be executed unless a specified condition is met (i.e. current location is not equal to destination)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T04:15:58.983" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29989" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29990" CreationDate="2017-10-09T04:24:11.680" Score="0" ViewCount="1385" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package testNG;&#xA;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.*;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.*;&#xA;&#xA;public class TestNGUsingFacebook {&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriver driver;&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void openBrowser() {&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Selenium\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;            driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;            driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            driver.get(&quot;https://wwww.facebook.com&quot;);&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test(dependsOnMethods = { &quot;openBrowser&quot; })&#xA;    public void loginToFacebook() {&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;email&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;Neenad&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;pass&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;password&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;loginbutton&quot;)).click();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whenever I try to run this sample code, I receive a null pointer exception as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.12.0&#xA;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;    at testNG.TestNGUsingFacebook.openBrowser(TestNGUsingFacebook.java:18)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:108)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:669)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:877)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1201)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:776)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:634)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:425)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:420)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:385)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:334)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1318)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1243)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1161)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1129)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:114)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)&#xA;PASSED: openBrowser&#xA;FAILED: loginToFacebook&#xA;java.lang.NullPointerException&#xA;    at testNG.TestNGUsingFacebook.loginToFacebook(TestNGUsingFacebook.java:32)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:108)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:669)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:877)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1201)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)&#xA;    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:776)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:634)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:425)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:420)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:385)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:334)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)&#xA;    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1318)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1243)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1161)&#xA;    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1129)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:114)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)&#xA;    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;===============================================&#xA;    Default test&#xA;    Tests run: 2, Failures: 1, Skips: 0&#xA;===============================================&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried commenting the second function, but still Google Chrome does not open.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28428" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T07:21:57.270" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:23:45.590" Title="NullPointerException is thrown on second method when using dependsOnMethods TestNG attribute with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29990" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29989" CreationDate="2017-10-09T04:37:24.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it appears, though you are setting the property for the chrome driver through&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Selenium\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are not initializing the driver instance before using it like : &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().maximize();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So please add the following line as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Selenium\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;); // Setting the chrome driver property&#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver(); // Inializing the chrome driver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; is the declared &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; instance in your above code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T04:37:24.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29992" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29989" CreationDate="2017-10-09T04:38:59.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is one small mistake you made, You have forget to initiate the instance of &lt;code&gt;webdriver&lt;/code&gt;. This is the reason why you found the &lt;code&gt;null pointer exception&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As your project is in Java Based, So require to follow java code standards and formats as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the correct code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA; public void openBrowser() {&#xA;&#xA;try {&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Selenium\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new ChromeDriver(); // just add this line&#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://wwww.facebook.com&quot;);&#xA;} catch (Exception e) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T04:38:59.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29975" CreationDate="2017-10-09T04:57:22.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From the above html provided, It is clear that the &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; tag is of &lt;code&gt;type='checkbox'&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you are trying to perform actions related to a &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; tag (like &lt;code&gt;selectByValue&lt;/code&gt;) on an &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; tag of &lt;code&gt;type checkbox&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actions that can be performed on an checkbox are &lt;code&gt;click()&lt;/code&gt; etc..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T04:57:22.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29994" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27220" CreationDate="2017-10-09T05:58:45.270" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can locate the elements through &lt;strong&gt;linkText&lt;/strong&gt; command.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Eg: &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;ERA Registration&quot;));&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will work as expected &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28417" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T06:23:24.460" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T06:23:24.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29995" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="29999" CreationDate="2017-10-09T07:13:52.347" Score="0" ViewCount="5239" Body="&lt;p&gt;If Thread.sleep(3000); code is given, it throws an error as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Unhandled exception type Interrupted Exception&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mouse hover to the error, it is displaying as &quot;Surround with try/catch&quot;. By double clicking it i am getting as below and wworking fine. Kindly say me the difference of both. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;} catch (InterruptedException e) {&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28417" LastEditorUserId="27720" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T09:51:30.387" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:51:30.387" Title="Unhandled exception type Interrupted Exception when Thread.sleep(xxxx) is given" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-09T09:52:00.543" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29996" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-09T09:22:27.500" Score="1" ViewCount="121" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any mobile cloud testing service for Android offering enhanced location capabilities? My requirements are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Playback of recorded GPS/location data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GPS data needs to be provided as 'real' data, not as (recognizable) mock data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ARM only app, so emulators are probably not an option&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't found a service yet that offers location capabilities beyond setting a static location before each test run. Is there any service out there that meets my requirements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28431" LastEditorUserId="28431" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T16:56:05.710" LastActivityDate="2021-04-20T06:57:43.067" Title="Android: testing location on device cloud" Tags="&lt;android&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29997" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29989" CreationDate="2017-10-09T09:23:45.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You miss to instantiate the &lt;strong&gt;WebDriver&lt;/strong&gt;. Add &lt;code&gt;driver = new ChromeDriver();&lt;/code&gt; in code after &lt;code&gt;setProperty()&lt;/code&gt;, Rest is fine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;      System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\Selenium\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;      driver = new ChromeDriver();  &#xA;      driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;      driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;      driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;      driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;      driver.get(&quot;https://wwww.facebook.com&quot;);&#xA;       } &#xA;catch (Exception e) {&#xA;      // TODO Auto-generated catch block&#xA;      e.printStackTrace();&#xA;       }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:23:45.590" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29998" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29975" CreationDate="2017-10-09T09:29:01.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a checkbox how you are able to select it, Select class is used to select value from drop down&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use this code to click on checkbox&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement ele= driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;chkRANGE_0_2K&quot;));&#xA;ele.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:29:01.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="29999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29995" CreationDate="2017-10-09T09:34:38.647" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(ms)&lt;/code&gt; throws an exception as you are trying to interuption in thread execution&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may throw &lt;code&gt;InterruptedException&lt;/code&gt; which directly extends &lt;code&gt;java.lang.Exception&lt;/code&gt; so you have to catch it or declare to throw it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so that we have to use the try-catch&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;    Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;} catch (InterruptedException e) {&#xA;&#xA;    e.printStackTrace();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:34:38.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29745" CreationDate="2017-10-09T09:38:13.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are missing to add &lt;code&gt;ChromeDriver&lt;/code&gt; , download it from &lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; and unzip at set the path using &lt;code&gt;setProperty()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try this code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;Your path of chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:38:13.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30001" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29924" CreationDate="2017-10-09T09:56:42.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;ID have high priority over the xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;priority of locators &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;id&amp;gt;name&amp;gt;tagname&amp;gt;classname&amp;gt;xpath&amp;gt;css&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T09:56:42.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29957" CreationDate="2017-10-09T12:01:11.723" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically there are 3 methods of Test Scenario&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functionality Breakdown: Break the main or top level functionality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use case Diagram: Find what are the possible functionality an Actor performed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;State Transition Diagram: try to make state of the functionality like&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add to cart--&gt; Checkout process--&gt; Order details&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T12:01:11.723" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29924" CreationDate="2017-10-09T12:45:00.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Nothing different as you feel. It is also a type under locators. If you didn't find element locators like id, name, link text etc. Last way you can choose or locate the &quot;Xpath&quot;. Better way to find xpath is by using &quot;Firebug and Firepath&quot;. It makes to find locators easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28417" LastActivityDate="2017-10-09T12:45:00.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30004" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30006" CreationDate="2017-10-09T14:09:14.373" Score="1" ViewCount="6643" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to get the text (&lt;code&gt;SampleList23.csv&lt;/code&gt;) that is present between 2 spans.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;HTML:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;ng-scope&quot; ng-switch-when=&quot;false&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;engage-tag ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;icon-doc-generic-b&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;        SampleList23.csv                 &#xA;        &amp;lt;span class=&quot;icon-close close&quot; ng-click=&quot;unsetImportFile()&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Code I have tried:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   1.  expect(element(by.xpath(&quot;.//*[@class='engage-tag ng binding']/*&quot;)).getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;)).toContain(&quot;SampleList23.csv&quot;);&#xA;   2.  expect(element(by.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='engage-tag ng-binding']/child::node()&quot;, 'SampleList23.csv); &#xA;   3.  expect(element(by.xpath(&quot;//*[@class='engage-tag ng-binding']/*&quot;, 'SampleList23.csv); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All above failed to get text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T14:20:20.550" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T13:00:20.293" Title="Protractor: How to get text present between two span" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30005" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30016" CreationDate="2017-10-09T16:38:40.990" Score="0" ViewCount="568" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have searched and have not found a clear (enough for me) answer to after using Scenario Outlines to specify multiple URLs I'd like to navigate to using Selenium Webdriver and C#. How do I setup the C# to handle each URL? This is currently my steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Scenario Outline: Search&#xA;Given I Navigate to &amp;lt;URL&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;Examples:&#xA;    | URL |&#xA;    | https://aaa.com/foo/bar/uniqueID1/en-us |&#xA;    | https://aaa.com/foo/bar/uniqueID2/en-us |&#xA;    | https://aaa.com/foo/bar/uniqueID3/en-us |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this is my Step Def:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Binding]&#xA;public class Search&#xA;{&#xA;    [Given(@&quot;I Navigate to &#xA;https://aaa\.com/foo/bar/(.*)/en-us&quot;)]&#xA;    public void GivenINavigateToHttpsAaa_FooBarEn_Us(int p0)&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.url(&quot;https://aaa.com/foo/bar/(.*)/en-us&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, running this doesn't pull in each scenario from the outline as I expected. Where am I going wrong with my Step Definition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27044" LastEditorUserId="27044" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T20:37:35.597" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T07:56:50.200" Title="How to Use Scenario Outlines to Navigate to Multiple URLs with Selenium WebDriver and C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30006" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30004" CreationDate="2017-10-09T17:26:46.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since your &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; elements don't have a text, you can basically &quot;ignore&quot; them. In other words, get the parent &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; element and get the text via &lt;code&gt;getText()&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;expect($(&quot;.engage-tag&quot;).getText()).toEqual(&quot;SampleList23.csv&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T13:00:20.293" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T13:00:20.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30007" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30009" CreationDate="2017-10-09T19:46:59.100" Score="6" ViewCount="490" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't understand why to use two values inside the boundary when using Boundary Value Analysis. For instance, suppose a program has the requirement: &lt;strong&gt;Values between 1 and 100 are true, while all other values are false&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;func calc(x):&#xA;  if (x &amp;gt;= 1 and x &amp;lt;= 100):&#xA;    return True&#xA;  else:&#xA;    return False&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A lot of books (&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0078022126&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pressman&lt;/a&gt;, for instance) say you have to use the inputs 0, 1, 2, 99, 100 and 101 to test such a program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is: Why use the inputs '2' and '99'? I tried to make a program with a fault such that the test case set (0, 1, 2, 99, 100 and 101) exposes a failure and the test case set (0, 1, 100, 101) does not expose it, but I can't make such program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you make such program? If not, it is a waste of resources to create redundant test cases '2' and '99'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10998" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-09T21:16:41.320" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T14:22:56.897" Title="Boundary Value Analysis: Why would you test valid values inside the boundary?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;techniques&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30007" CreationDate="2017-10-09T20:23:57.500" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your example, yes, it might be overkill &lt;strong&gt;if you are performing white-box testing&lt;/strong&gt;. However, if you couldn't read or didn't have access to the code (i.e. black-box testing), these tests would be very useful to make sure, for example, that the implementation didn't look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;func calc(x):&#xA;  if (x == 1 or x == 100):&#xA;    return True&#xA;  else:&#xA;    return False&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it really depends on the bigger picture of how you are designing your tests. By all means, if you're performing white-box testing, you should use the knowledge of how the code is actually written to ensure you don't write lots of extra tests because a book says to. You will likely come up with &lt;strong&gt;different&lt;/strong&gt; (not necessarily fewer) tests when doing white-box testing to ensure things like statement and branch coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For black-box testing on the other hand, it's often helpful to assume nothing. Especially if you don't know the quality of the codebase. I once worked on a project where a spinning object had problems in a &quot;magic&quot; RPM range that we could only have found by testing since we didn't have access to the actual firmware involved. Fixing it from our end was equally...entertaining.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T14:22:56.897" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T14:22:56.897" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30010" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30036" CreationDate="2017-10-10T05:38:31.003" Score="19" ViewCount="21755" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been using Selenium/Java/Maven for functional automation testing in my project. But since angular is getting a lot of popularity, the development team has started using it for the development of new web applications in the project. And there is a lot of emphasis on using Protractor for test automation; instead of Selenium because it facilitates identifying angular elements with ease.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have good experience in Selenium but I am relatively new to Protractor. What steps should I follow in order to make this transition from Selenium to Protractor smooth and efficient (in terms of additional skills that I need to acquire)? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastActivityDate="2020-05-04T10:17:01.550" Title="Moving from Selenium to Protractor" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30011" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-10T05:54:33.743" Score="1" ViewCount="414" Body="&lt;p&gt;i am using jmeter for api load testing  but i face one problem that i need to do load testing for full website with full workflow ,having little idea how to test but it didn't work for full workflow,please do just me how to do api loading testing using jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28447" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T06:07:25.020" Title="Use of Jmeter for api load testing with full workflow" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-10T17:02:50.377" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30012" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30011" CreationDate="2017-10-10T06:07:25.020" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The idea of the load testing is simulating application &lt;strong&gt;real&lt;/strong&gt; usage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine that each JMeter thread is a real user and design your test in this way so each JMeter's virtual user would act like a real user, for instance:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open login page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait until page is loaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Locate credentials input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Type username and password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click login button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wait until home page is loaded&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Search for something&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go make some tea&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Return and click on a search result&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general you should be acting like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Record your test scenario using JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have more than one test scenarios - repeat step 1 for each. Make sure you put different groups of real users into different JMeter &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Groups&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/advanced-load-testing-scenarios-jmeter-part-1-correlations&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;correlation&lt;/a&gt; if required. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#parameterising_tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;parameterization&lt;/a&gt; if required&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run the test with 1-2 users/loops and inspect request and response details in View Results Tree listener to ensure your test is doing what it is supposed to be doing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/build-web-test-plan.html#adding_users&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Add more virtual users&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run your test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyse results using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/generating-dashboard.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML Reporting Dashboard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T06:07:25.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26760" CreationDate="2017-10-10T06:52:37.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need a second data source loop.  It’s the loop that enables the iteration over the data source and you have one for the legacy datasource, but not one for the ‘stub.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;       Legacy DataSource&#xA;|----&amp;gt; Legacy Call&#xA;|  |-&amp;gt; New Service Stub (Excel DataSource) &#xA;|  |   Some Validation&#xA;|  |   DataSink (Trying to access the New Service Stub)&#xA;|  |-&amp;gt; Inner loop to Some Validation step&#xA;|&amp;lt;-----Legacy DataSource Loop&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastEditorUserId="27996" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T08:46:20.910" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T08:46:20.910" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30014" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30241" CreationDate="2017-10-10T07:02:51.223" Score="0" ViewCount="1122" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have sessionRequestToken  to be sent as form data inside my application.How do I capture this session token?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;UPDATE&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My session request token is inside hidden input element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; name=&quot;sessionRequestToken&quot; value=&quot;some value&quot;/&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/body&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So,to capture it I used CSS/Jquery post processor which goes as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Reference Name: sessionRequestToken&#xA;Css/Jquery Expression: input[name='sessionRequestToken']&#xA;Attribute:value&#xA;Match No:1&#xA;Default value:NOT_FOUND&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But,the debug sampler always shows the value of sessionRequestToken as NOT_FOUND.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where am I going wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28448" LastEditorUserId="28448" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T10:13:27.967" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T12:14:57.373" Title="How to capture sessionRequestToken in Jmeter?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30015" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30010" CreationDate="2017-10-10T07:21:17.770" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;Protractor is Selenium, but then integrated with tooling and helper methods. If you know programming and Selenium it should be relative easy to pick up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Protractor is an end-to-end test framework for Angular and AngularJS&#xA;  applications. Protractor is a Node.js program built on top of&#xA;  WebDriverJS. Protractor runs tests against your application running in&#xA;  a real browser, interacting with it as a user would.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScript&lt;/a&gt; as language, &lt;a href=&quot;https://nodejs.org/en/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;NodeJS&lt;/a&gt; as programming environment and &lt;a href=&quot;https://jasmine.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jasmine&lt;/a&gt; as its test-runner-framework. Having some basic skills with these technologies will help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/a&gt; which is based on Selenium. So Protractor is not instead of Selenium, but it is an extra layer on top of Selenium to make testing AngularJS applications easier. Researching the WebDriverJS specification will also help. It simplifies the async nature of JavaScript and this will be probably be your greatest challenge when migrating from Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pluralsight.com/guides/introduction-to-asynchronous-javascript&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous code?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-04-22T04:39:34.733" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T04:39:34.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30016" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30005" CreationDate="2017-10-10T07:24:41.847" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Seems you didn't put the parameter &lt;em&gt;p0&lt;/em&gt; for the unique id to &lt;em&gt;drive.url()&lt;/em&gt; method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Given(@&quot;I Navigate to https://aaa\.com/foo/bar/(.*)/en-us&quot;)]&#xA;  public void GivenINavigateToHttpsAaa_FooBarEn_Us(int p0)&#xA;  {&#xA;    driver.url(&quot;https://aaa.com/foo/bar/&quot; + p0 + &quot;/en-us&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful on coding stuff when do the automation. Print it out in console or debugging helps me a lot to solve this kind of case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastEditorUserId="3126" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T07:56:50.200" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T07:56:50.200" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30017" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-10T07:33:38.190" Score="0" ViewCount="1838" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate react native android application, but I am not able to click on the button whose property is &lt;code&gt;clickable=false&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my code, please help me &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//android.view.ViewGroup[@index='2']/android.widget.Button[@index='2']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28450" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T10:28:18.177" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T00:44:41.363" Title="How to click on button which clickable=false?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30018" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-10T08:08:00.637" Score="1" ViewCount="5614" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to fetch data from excel sheet in selenium web driver, suppose  I have 44 URLs in excel sheet I need to fetch it through selenium webdriver and wants to hit the URL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28452" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T09:00:49.063" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T08:24:55.953" Title="How to fetch data from excel sheet in selenium web driver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-10T17:02:35.383" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30019" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30022" CreationDate="2017-10-10T08:50:09.570" Score="2" ViewCount="231" Body="&lt;p&gt;Importing the JAR Files in eclipse by  Right click on Project-&gt; Properties-&gt; Java Build Path. JAR files gets imported and it is helping in codes.&#xA;                    Nowadays Maven ruled over it. What diff is there between JAR Files and Maven?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28417" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T09:11:58.183" Title="Difference of using JAR Files and Maven" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-10-28T03:59:16.817" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30014" CreationDate="2017-10-10T09:06:07.590" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Normally you should design your test like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; - open login page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Post-Processor&lt;/a&gt; to extract dynamic parameters (i.e. your &lt;code&gt;sessionRequestToken&lt;/code&gt; from the response and save it into a JMeter Variable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Second HTTP Request - perform login. This time you need to send the JMeter Variable from step 2 instead of hard-coded (recorded) value&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that there is an alternative way of recording a JMeter test which automatically detects any dynamic parameters and works them around so you won't have to worry about performing correlation manually, check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-cut-your-jmeter-scripting-time-80&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Cut Your JMeter Scripting Time by 80%&lt;/a&gt; article for details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T09:06:07.590" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30022" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30019" CreationDate="2017-10-10T09:11:58.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not a big difference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you add JARS in eclipse build path you have to find those jars in the network, download the proper version, place them on your hard drive, set up the config in Eclipse. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you might change your mind about the required version, you have find new version in the network, then download, then place jars to your hard drive, then detach old jars in Eclipse project settings, then attach new ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that you might want to move your project to other computer or hand over to another persone. You will then have to comunicate all the lib versions to your mate and they will have to repeat all the steps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you use maven, you simply define the lib and the version your project uses in your pom.xml file. This becomes a part of the sources. Now maven takes care of all the stuff with downloading and settings up the class pathes. You can hand over your project to any other guy, which using the IDE with maven support (if we're talking about IDE usage) will open it and will not be care of any extra configuration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T09:11:58.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30007" CreationDate="2017-10-10T09:40:00.460" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;We took 0 and 101 to test for &lt;strong&gt;INVALID&lt;/strong&gt; data scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We took 1 and 100 to test whether &lt;strong&gt;= part&lt;/strong&gt; of &amp;lt;= and &gt;= is working or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We took 2 and 99 to test whether VALID values are also working in(&lt;strong&gt;best case scenario&lt;/strong&gt;) or not. You can treat this as a positive test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So three test cases scenario would be there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) for INVALID values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) for exact boundary values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) for VALID values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually your example is very simple so by checking with 2 and 99 may seem redundant. But there may be cases which can be complex in real scenarios. So in those cases along testing with INVALID and exact boundary data values, it is also necessary to check with VALID data values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T09:40:00.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29955" CreationDate="2017-10-10T09:51:22.650" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Following can be one of choosing factor for testing areas when you have no change or new feature in current release:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When defects raised during functional testing get fixed, we do regression testing for checking the IMPACT of fixing of those defects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;During regression we again raise defects and those would get fixed. But we do not check IMPACT of defect fixing this time i.e. the impact of defect fixing for the defects raised in regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can identify the critical or important areas of last testing run of previous release and can apply above mentioned scenario to those areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be said as second level regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T09:51:22.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30025" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30112" CreationDate="2017-10-10T09:58:17.793" Score="0" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've hit an issue that has stumped me.&#xA;I have Specflow tests that run perfectly fine on my local machine, but fail when run in the build.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error message I get is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.MissingMethodException: Method not found: 'System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable`1&amp;lt;System.String&amp;gt; TypeMock.Interceptors.FileInterceptor.ReadLines(System.String, System.Text.Encoding)'.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code where this originates from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class FileReader : IFileReader&#xA;{&#xA;    public List&amp;lt;string&amp;gt; ReadLines(string fileFullPath)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return File.ReadLines(fileFullPath, Encoding.ASCII).ToList();&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To me, it appears as if TypeMock is trying to mock the &lt;code&gt;File.ReadLines()&lt;/code&gt; method. However, there isn't a single line of code in the solution that requests this method to be mocked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anybody have an idea what might be going on here?&#xA;Why do I get that strange exception? And what is the cause of the difference between the outcome when the tests are run locally or in a build?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28454" LastEditorUserId="28454" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T11:32:24.347" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T14:40:05.667" Title="TypeMock trying to mock a random method?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29870" CreationDate="2017-10-10T10:18:55.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Application running slow generally considered under performance testing related concerns. So this defect is generally should be reported under performance testing cycle. You can check for any performance tester to get more info about this. But as mentioned by others that you have to consult others like developer team, BAs etc in order to clarify that whether this slow running is really a concern for the managers or users of application or not. If the application is intentionally designed such that it runs slow on slow networks then this should not be defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T10:18:55.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30029" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30017" CreationDate="2017-10-10T10:43:49.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would have thought that is the correct behaviour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your browser, if something is clickable, then you can click it.  If it is not clickable, then you can't.  Selenium acts as a browser.  No different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO, the question you should be asking yourself should be why is the button disabled?  It might be a valid state, e.g. a submit button might be disabled until user name and password fields are completed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastEditorUserId="15347" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T10:47:49.067" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T10:47:49.067" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30030" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-10T11:41:20.253" Score="2" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have heard of ways by which one can perform cross-browser testing by setting up virtual desktops. I want to know the various ways by which this virtual desktop can be set up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T08:04:00.637" Title="How can i create virtual desktops for cross platform testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30018" CreationDate="2017-10-10T12:25:02.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to accomplish this, you would need a function to read from the excel file. I am using such function for my testing. You might have to make some minor tweaks in order to make it fit for your requirement. Moreover, it will work fine for both .xls and .xlsx extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public ArrayList&amp;lt;String[]&amp;gt; ExcelFileReader(String fileName) throws IOException, NullPointerException {&#xA;&#xA;        ArrayList&amp;lt;String[]&amp;gt; aro = new ArrayList&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;        String excelFilePath = &quot;complete path to access the file. Also mention the filename with extension&quot;;&#xA;        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File(excelFilePath));&#xA;        String fileExtensionName = fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf(&quot;.&quot;));&#xA;        Workbook workbook = null;&#xA;        System.out.println(fileExtensionName);&#xA;        try {&#xA;            if (fileExtensionName.equals(&quot;.xlsx&quot;)) {&#xA;                workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);&#xA;            } else if (fileExtensionName.equals(&quot;.xls&quot;)) {&#xA;                workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);&#xA;&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (NullPointerException e) {&#xA;            System.out.println(e);&#xA;        }&#xA;        Sheet firstSheet = workbook.getSheet(&quot;Enter sheet name here&quot;);&#xA;        int i = firstSheet.getLastRowNum();&#xA;        System.out.println(i);&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;            for (Row row : firstSheet) {&#xA;                int columns = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();&#xA;                String[] LoginData = new String[columns];&#xA;                LoginData[0] = row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue();&#xA;                LoginData[1] = row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue();&#xA;                //If there is YES in below column then that means that this set of test data will be used for testing otherwise will be ignored&#xA;                LoginData[2] = row.getCell(2).getStringCellValue();&#xA;                if (LoginData[2].equalsIgnoreCase(&quot;yes&quot;)) {&#xA;                    aro.add(LoginData);&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;            System.out.println(e.getMessage());&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        workbook.close();&#xA;        inputStream.close();&#xA;        return aro;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25696" LastEditorUserId="25696" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T08:24:55.953" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T08:24:55.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30030" CreationDate="2017-10-10T12:42:39.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For cross platform testing, you have two options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You create virtual machines (which any operating systems, including Windows, any Linux distributions (such as Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora and so on) by using a software like VMWare Workstation&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/How-can-I-create-virtual-desktops-for-cross-platform-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt; ($), Oracle VirtualBox[2] (free). Setup such environment is relatively easy (i.e. you create a virtual machine by providing required specifications (i.e. how much CPU cores, RAM, disk space and so on), then you install wanted operating systems and software). This kind of infrastructure is perfect for restricted environments where you are not allowed use cloud-based solutions (like in financial corporations). Disadvantages of testing infrastructure based on virtual machines are the cost of operation and maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or you can use cloud-based solutions such as SauceLabs[3] or BrowserStack[4], which provide access to multiple browsers versions on different operating systems. Cloud-based solutions will provide a better return on investment than having a testing infrastructure based on virtual machines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Credits : Copy-pasted from the top voted answer from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/How-can-I-create-virtual-desktops-for-cross-platform-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Also please do a little bit of research before asking here and If you have already done so, please provide what's your research led to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T12:42:39.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30034" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-10T12:44:51.843" Score="3" ViewCount="2440" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am testing web apps for different screen sizes. Now i want to know is there a method by which this process can be automated or I need to do this manually for every screen size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T18:54:38.920" Title="How can i automate the process of taking website screenshots on multiple screen-sizes?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;screenshot&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30034" CreationDate="2017-10-10T13:08:50.407" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you're comfortable with Selenium WebDriver you can write a snippet that will do this for you with some tweaking. Try checking this link  out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://learn-automation.com/how-to-capture-screenshot-in-selenium-webdriver/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://learn-automation.com/how-to-capture-screenshot-in-selenium-webdriver/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27044" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T13:08:50.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30010" CreationDate="2017-10-10T13:10:51.403" Score="14" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding couple notes to &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/30015/5574&quot;&gt;Niels's great answer&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Protractor wraps &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/a&gt; which is Javascript Selenium bindings - in other words, Protractor does interact with a browser through the Selenium WebDriver. Protractor provides a really convenient API and has some unique Angular-specific features, like Angular specific element locating strategies (&lt;code&gt;by.model()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;by.binding()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;by.repeater()&lt;/code&gt;), automatic synchronization between Protractor and Angular that helps to minimize the use of explicit waits here and there; there is a built-in support of BrowserStack and SauceLabs, test parallelization and many more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an another advantage of transitioning to Protractor/JavaScript is that both the application and the test codebase &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/17209/should-the-test-code-be-written-in-the-same-language-in-which-actual-code-is-wri&quot;&gt;would be written in the same language&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've seen several teammates transitioning from Selenium/Java, Selenium/Python or Selenium/C# to Protractor/JavaScript. The common challenges and difficulties were:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;understanding asynchronous test execution in general &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/control-flow&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Promises and Control Flow&lt;/a&gt;: when to resolve a promise and when not; how to pass promises around from function to function; when to use &lt;code&gt;deferred&lt;/code&gt; and how to manually fulfill/reject a promise; using &lt;code&gt;done()&lt;/code&gt; in Jasmine  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tackling &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38586581/protractor-flakiness&quot;&gt;flaky end-to-end tests&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test code design and organization - where and how to keep page objects, how to wrap page objects into each other &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T13:28:21.157" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T13:28:21.157" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12257" CreationDate="2017-10-10T14:34:16.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First get the browser window process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static Process proc = null;&#xA;&#xA;[ClassInitialize]&#xA;public void ClassInitialize(TestContext context)&#xA;{&#xA;    Playback.Initialize();&#xA;    BrowserWindow _bw = BrowserWindow.Launch(new Uri(&quot;about:blank&quot;));&#xA;    proc = _bw.Process;&#xA;&#xA;    _bw.CloseOnPlaybackCleanup = false;&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in your test method create a new browser window instance using the FromProcess method passing in the process of the original browser window instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;BrowserWindow _bw = BrowserWindow.FromProcess(proc);   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28459" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T16:35:01.720" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T16:35:01.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30038" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-10T14:51:39.610" Score="-3" ViewCount="80" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are various websites which work perfectly on all the platforms and OS.  I want to know how they test their possibilities for every combination?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T15:24:10.937" Title="How do enterprises test their web apps across all browsers, browser versions, and operating systems?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-10T17:02:45.980" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30038" CreationDate="2017-10-10T15:06:28.983" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;use BitBar or SauceLabs - companies specialized on providing hosting services for many devices/browsers/OS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=cross+browser+testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.google.com/search?q=cross+browser+testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T15:06:28.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30038" CreationDate="2017-10-10T15:15:39.657" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They don't test on all of the combinations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;They focus on the ones that are used the most&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example there are literally thousands of Android devices and sizes and OS versions.  So no company is testing ALL of them.  Similarly, companies may agonize over testing ie6 vs ie7 vs i8 vs i9 is 2017 but none that I can imagine are still testing IE3 or early netscape versions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So at the end of the day it comes down to value.  If you have 23,000 customers and $45.6 million in revenue per year and you can see that only 0.00023% of customers are using a version, that means only $105 of revenue and 1 customer is at stake.  Probably not a high priority compared to a similar sized change that will raise revenue by 0.04% = $18,240&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-10-10T15:24:10.937" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T15:24:10.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30034" CreationDate="2017-10-10T16:12:30.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are multiple ways to get a screenshot depending on whether you need a full page screenshot, whether the page requires some inputs to get the expected state and which device you are trying to simulate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance changing the size of the window is not enough to simulate a mobile device since you'll also have to consider the &lt;a href=&quot;https://mydevice.io/devices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pixel ratio&lt;/a&gt; and in some cases the user agent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be as simple as launching the browser with a command line with &lt;a href=&quot;https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2017/04/headless-chrome#screenshots&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chrome&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;chrome --headless --disable-gpu --screenshot --window-size=1280,1696 https://www.chromestatus.com/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or more advanced with a high-level API library like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/GoogleChrome/puppeteer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;puppeteer&lt;/a&gt; which provides control over Chrome:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-javascript prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');&#xA;const devices = require('puppeteer/DeviceDescriptors');&#xA;const iPhone = devices['iPhone 6'];&#xA;&#xA;(async() =&amp;gt; {&#xA;  const browser = await puppeteer.launch();&#xA;  const page = await browser.newPage();&#xA;  await page.emulate(iPhone);&#xA;  await page.goto('https://www.google.com', {waitUntil: 'networkidle'});&#xA;  const screenshot = await page.screenshot({ fullPage: false });&#xA;  browser.close();&#xA;  fs.writeFileSync('./results/screenshot.png', screenshot);&#xA;})();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or more conventional with an automation library like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium&lt;/a&gt; available in multiple coding languages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;&#xA;options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()&#xA;options.add_experimental_option(&quot;mobileEmulation&quot;, { \&#xA;    'deviceMetrics': { 'width': 360, 'height': 640, 'pixelRatio': 3.0 },&#xA;    'userAgent': &quot;Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.2.1; en-us; Nexus 5 Build/JOP40D) AppleWebKit/535.19 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/18.0.1025.166 Mobile Safari/535.19&quot;&#xA;})&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)&#xA;driver.get('http://stackoverflow.com/')&#xA;driver.get_screenshot_as_file('./results/screenshot.png') &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2017-10-10T16:12:30.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30042" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-10T16:15:40.520" Score="3" ViewCount="98" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for ways to test my scripts and some patterns you use/recommend. For instance, how would you test a script such as this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#!/usr/bin/env bash&#xA;build=&quot;$1&quot;&#xA;&#xA;# check that build number is passed&#xA;[[ -z $build ]] &amp;amp;&amp;amp; { echo &quot;missing argument: build&quot;; exit 1; }&#xA;&#xA;cd ./visual || exit 1&#xA;&#xA;curl &quot;https://&quot; | grep -o 'https://[^&quot;]*' &amp;gt; artifacts.txt&#xA;&#xA;awk -v TOKEN=&quot;$TOKEN&quot; '/current/ {print $0 &quot;?token=&quot; TOKEN;}' artifacts.txt \&#xA;| xargs -P4 -l1 wget \&#xA;  --content-disposition \&#xA;  --force-directories \&#xA;  --no-host-directories \&#xA;  --cut-dirs=5&#xA;&#xA;# let's remove our token from the filename&#xA;shopt -s globstar&#xA;for file in **/*; do&#xA;  mv $file ${file/\?*/}&#xA;done&#xA;&#xA;rm artifacts.txt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;How do I check I have been &lt;code&gt;cd&lt;/code&gt; to the correct directory?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently I stub &lt;code&gt;cd&lt;/code&gt; to check how it's call.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  cd() { echo &quot;cd $*&quot;; exit; }  # mock&#xA;  export -f cd&#xA;  run my-script.bash &quot;1234&quot;&#xA;&#xA;  [[ &quot;${lines[0]}&quot; == &quot;cd ./visual&quot; ]]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But then the script continue to run everything after that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;How to test a pipe?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;curl &quot;https://&quot; | grep -o 'https://[^&quot;]*' &amp;gt; artifacts.txt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;awk -v TOKEN=&quot;$TOKEN&quot; '/current/ {print $0 &quot;?token=&quot; TOKEN;}' artifacts.txt \&#xA;| xargs -P4 -l1 wget \&#xA;  --content-disposition \&#xA;  --force-directories \&#xA;  --no-host-directories \&#xA;  --cut-dirs=5&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would you test and how? Is it possible to test part of the pipe?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;How would you check value of an env var&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;awk -v TOKEN=&quot;$TOKEN&quot; '/current/ {print $0 &quot;?token=&quot; TOKEN;}' artifacts.txt \&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;How would you chek that we use globstar?&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;shopt -s globstar&#xA;for file in **/*; do&#xA;  mv $file ${file/\?*/}&#xA;done&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;related: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sstephenson/bats/issues/230&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;github issue&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28461" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:22:37.330" Title="How do you test your scripts?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30042" CreationDate="2017-10-10T17:35:39.973" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Script is a program, so you test it as any program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But testing such fundamental constructs as pipe, env var, or command &lt;code&gt;cd&lt;/code&gt; is inherently hard to test from the shell script using it, and you just assume it works, or develop a test suite using underlying language (C) to simulate shell activities and comparing the results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a programming language you just assume that assignment or comparison &quot;works&quot;. You test (using basic commands of your programming language) construct build using these basic commands. If you cannot trust your basic commands, you cannot test, because you have no means to express your checks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Edit:&lt;/strong&gt; to test if &lt;code&gt;cd&lt;/code&gt; worked, you can save output of &lt;code&gt;pwd&lt;/code&gt;, like &lt;code&gt;pwd &amp;gt; pwd.txt&lt;/code&gt; and later read and parse it to see if its content is the right directory. To test pipes, you can save output to a file and feed it to the next step, to see it you will get identical results. Of course much harder would be to test the &quot;staggering effect&quot; of processing a pipe output from something like &lt;code&gt;tail -f filename&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you are using &lt;strong&gt;higher level&lt;/strong&gt; language to test lower-level concepts. For a dedicated attacker, it would be possible (even if not trivial) to create tools to fool your tests (provide correct output for test, and do something else). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In fact, when I was first time learning Unix, I subverted &lt;code&gt;ls&lt;/code&gt; this way to hijack it and confuse my fellow students. Course leader realized what I did and went along, because my fake &lt;code&gt;ls&lt;/code&gt; was not too much sophisticated and was easy to see it is a fake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, if you start writing your code with goal of being testable, it results in (sometimes distinctly) different design, where unit test can access processing steps. But all is just competent programming craft, no magic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T14:22:37.330" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T14:22:37.330" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30045" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30017" CreationDate="2017-10-11T00:44:41.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Give this a go, build up the action:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private static void actionClick(WebElement e)&#xA;{&#xA;    Action b = new Actions(driver).moveToElement(e).click().build();&#xA;    b.perform();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could also try sending an ENTER onto the button after you move to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T00:44:41.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30048" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30342" CreationDate="2017-10-11T06:34:46.840" Score="3" ViewCount="1426" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to TDD. we have already executed the test cases through &lt;strong&gt;karma-coverage.&lt;/strong&gt;. If the test case count increases, the code coverage took more time to complete the job. so i had switched into &lt;strong&gt;concurrenlty&lt;/strong&gt; to implement the parallel test case execution. Before that, the code coverage results are generated as single html file. But now, i had configure the coverage results into separate folders to improve the performance on test cases.  But now, the coverage results are generated as separate html  report. But i want to combine these separate folder's index.html file into single html report. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so that, i have implemented the parallel execution of my repository using &lt;strong&gt;&quot;concurrently&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;. I had configured the gulp  generate the separate code coverage reports for each folder. Each folder has set of &lt;strong&gt;.spec file&lt;/strong&gt;  The gulp configuration details is given below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gulp zero:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;coverageReporter: {&#xA;        dir: './cireports',&#xA;        subdir: &quot;codecoverage/zero&quot;,&#xA;        reporters: [&#xA;            { type: 'html', file: &quot;UnitTestCover.html&quot; },&#xA;        ]&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gulp one:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;coverageReporter: {&#xA;        dir: './cireports',&#xA;        subdir: &quot;codecoverage/one&quot;,&#xA;        reporters: [&#xA;            { type: 'html', file: &quot;UnitTestCover.html&quot; },&#xA;        ]&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gulp two:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;coverageReporter: {&#xA;        dir: './cireports',&#xA;        subdir: &quot;codecoverage/two&quot;,&#xA;        reporters: [&#xA;            { type: 'html', file: &quot;UnitTestCover.html&quot; },&#xA;        ]&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gulp three:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;coverageReporter: {&#xA;        dir: './cireports',&#xA;        subdir: &quot;codecoverage/three&quot;,&#xA;        reporters: [&#xA;            { type: 'html', file: &quot;UnitTestCover.html&quot; },&#xA;        ]&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I executed following command through command prompt, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;concurrently “gulp zero” “gulp one” “gulp two” “gulp three” &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test case was executed parallel and the coverage reports  generated in the specific folder. Each coverage folder has index.html file.  So I need to merge the coverage reports from all folders into single index.html file. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had tried to merge the coverage reports from following package,  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/gulp-concat&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.npmjs.com/package/gulp-concat&lt;/a&gt;. So that I had installed the “gulp-concat” from following command, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;npm install  --save -dev gulp-concat&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, I had configure the gulp.js to merge the coverage reports, The gulp-concat configuration is given below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gulp-concat:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;gulp.task('merge', function () {&#xA;return gulp.src(['./cireports/codecoverage/zero/index.html', './cireports/codecoverage/one/index.html', './cireports/codecoverage/two/index.html', './cireports/codecoverage/three/index.html'])&#xA;  .pipe(concat('index.html'))&#xA;  .pipe(gulp.dest('./dist/'));&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After test case execution completed, I had executed the “gulp merge” to merge the coverage reports. Expected output was not came. The merged index.html file was generated the series of coverage reports in a single index file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone tell me whether there is any plan to implement the merging of coverage reports?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thirunavukkarasu G&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27557" LastEditorUserId="27557" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T05:27:35.193" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T10:31:16.363" Title="How to merge different karma coverage html reports into single html file?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30030" CreationDate="2017-10-11T08:04:00.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The tool &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browseemall.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Browseemall&lt;/a&gt; can be used fot that. The tool is to be installed on peremisis, so the website does niot have to be accesible from the internet. This is not a free/open source tool. One of the things it does is offer you the possibility to enter a url and pick a browser and version you want to test it on. If it is needed te tools downloads a virtual image for you. The tool also has an integrated Selenium Grid. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T08:04:00.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30052" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30071" CreationDate="2017-10-11T12:52:47.080" Score="3" ViewCount="1240" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a pretty small POM based project for learning Cucumber with Protractor. I am using TypeScript. I am trying to perform pretty basic actions (clicking on button, clicking on a menu item) on &lt;a href=&quot;https://angular.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Angular IO&lt;/a&gt; home page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;|    ├───e2e&#xA;│         ├───features&#xA;│         └───steps&#xA;│              ├───common&#xA;│              ├───getstarted&#xA;│              ├───learnmore&#xA;│              └───search&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;features&lt;/code&gt; directory contains the features files for the tests. An example is here - where I want to click on the &quot;Get Started&quot; button to go to the quickstart page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Feature: Search&#xA;    As a developer using Angular&#xA;    I need to look-up classes and guidelines&#xA;    So that I can concentrate on building awesome applications&#xA;&#xA;Scenario: Click on Get Started&#xA;    Given I am on the angular.io site&#xA;    When I click on Get Started Button&#xA;    Then I should see the Get Started Page&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;steps&lt;/code&gt; directory contains the step Definitions for the &lt;code&gt;.feature&lt;/code&gt; files, with the common steps being clubbed in &lt;code&gt;common.ts&lt;/code&gt; file inside &lt;code&gt;steps&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I run a single feature file, then the execution works perfectly fine, however, if I add multiple &lt;code&gt;.feature&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;feature&lt;/code&gt; dir, then the execution breaks and it goes haywire. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried various strategies, like grouping the &lt;code&gt;.feature&lt;/code&gt; and step file in one same dir, but nothing else is working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any pointers or help in this would be highly appreciated. A working reproducible repository is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/zac11/yarn-cucumber-ts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T17:00:15.813" Title="Cucumber with Protractor - Multiple Features Not Executed Properly" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;pom&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30053" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-11T14:13:30.590" Score="1" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;Did anyone use MUNIT for API integration testing?&#xA;I'm exploring options to build automation suite for API's and among different options, there is not enough information regarding munit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone point out the pros/cons of using munit?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.mulesoft.com/munit/v/1.1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://docs.mulesoft.com/munit/v/1.1/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24537" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:50:06.400" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:50:06.400" Title="Did anyone used MUNIT for API integeration testing?" Tags="&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30054" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30034" CreationDate="2017-10-11T15:23:59.187" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can also do this using webdriver.io by setting different view port sizes in config file. You can define various widths and orientation for responsive tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can refer to the code snippet here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://webdriver.io/guide/services/visual-regression.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://webdriver.io/guide/services/visual-regression.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27398" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T17:13:34.653" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T17:13:34.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30055" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30034" CreationDate="2017-10-11T17:41:37.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automatically taking website screenshots on multiple screen-sizes is easy to do with the free Kantu Chromium browser. I did a quick test, see the screenshot. The macro is essentially a sequence of &lt;code&gt;SIZE x,y&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;SCREENSHOT file name&lt;/code&gt; statements, plus some WAIT statements in-between. In the lower half of the screenshot you see thumbnails of the output, five screenshots of different browser sizes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus, if you need the screenshots for visual testing, you can use the &lt;code&gt;FIND&lt;/code&gt; command to automatically assert/verify that things are displayed as expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3CEjL.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3CEjL.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This was done with the free version of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Kantu Visual Web Automation&lt;/a&gt; app which uses Chromium inside and is Windows only, not to be confused with the open-source &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-automation/chrome&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenium-ide-style chrome Kantu&lt;/a&gt; extension.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22970" LastEditorUserId="22970" LastEditDate="2017-10-11T18:54:38.920" LastActivityDate="2017-10-11T18:54:38.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30057" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30058" CreationDate="2017-10-11T19:48:43.630" Score="3" ViewCount="7617" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium and C# to test a widget that is implemented across multiple websites however on a few of these websites there is an additional drop down. I'd rather not just ignore this additional drop down but I am trying to incorporate an if statement into my test to handle it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    [Then(@&quot;I Input an Option If Available&quot;)]&#xA;    public void ThenIInputAnOptionIfAvailable()&#xA;    {&#xA;        var option = CurrentBrowserFindElement(By.Name(&quot;option1&quot;));&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't get past the point of finding the element - I am hoping someone here can teach me how to handle conditions similar to these with C# and Selenium. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27044" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T14:35:00.900" Title="Selenium and C#: Check if an element is present and click it, else skip and go to next step" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30057" CreationDate="2017-10-11T20:24:00.877" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to implement what you need is to create a boolean method that checks if element exist (visible) on the page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public static boolean CheckIfElementVisible(By by){&#xA;    var _wait = new WebDriverWait(YourWebDriverInstance, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        _wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(by));&#xA;        System.Diagnostics.Debug.Write(&quot;Element&quot; + &quot; &quot; + @by + &quot; &quot; + &quot;is visible&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        System.Diagnostics.Debug.Write(&quot;Element&quot; + &quot; &quot; + @by + &quot; &quot; +  &quot;is not found |&quot; + &quot; &quot; + e.Message);&#xA;    }&#xA;   }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Explanation of the piece of code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;by&lt;/code&gt; - your element identifier (ID, CSS, Xpath and etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30)&lt;/code&gt; - time to wait for an element. I usually set to 30 seconds&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;try / catch block&lt;/code&gt; - this way your test won't fail if element is not found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will either return true if element exist and then you can interact with it, or either returns false and you can skip to the next step. Hope this helps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T14:35:00.900" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T14:35:00.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30060" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28325" CreationDate="2017-10-12T06:23:08.047" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Sign Out&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(or)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a [@href = '/bgstorefront/bgb2b/em/logout' and @title = 'Sign out']&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26495" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T06:43:02.443" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T06:43:02.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30062" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30042" CreationDate="2017-10-12T09:10:36.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have a complex shell script and think it's worth the effort, you can use a container/virtualization technology. Let the script run in there, export the shell log to a text file and make it your &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characterization_test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;golden master&lt;/a&gt;. You can additionally diff the resulting directory/file tree or other relevant stuff with tools such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://diffoscope.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;diffoscope&lt;/a&gt;. This way, you have an automated regression test you can easily execute and even integrate in your CI/CD pipeline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T09:10:36.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30063" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-12T09:14:05.187" Score="4" ViewCount="702" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario where I need to set up integration testing against our microservice architected application. This will mean creating some tests using &lt;strong&gt;Postman&lt;/strong&gt; to hit our API, and running them with &lt;strong&gt;Newman&lt;/strong&gt;.&#xA;We also use oAuth with Identity Server, so we need to initially authenticate, then receive a token back which is passed into all of the requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is when we make the initial call to authenticate the user, how do we know that the user exists in the environment that we are running the tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 possible solutions that I can think of are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the test script, create the User at the beginning (and possibly delete them again at the end). This would be problematic for us because that part of the API is not public (we don't want external users to be able to create new users)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deploy a dummy identity service that will return an authenticated token. This doesn't feel like it would be a proper integration test for me.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was wondering how others would approach this sort of problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28493" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:49:52.653" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:49:52.653" Title="How to integration test a Web API with identity server auth tokens" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-12T11:22:41.897" Score="7" ViewCount="7516" Body="&lt;p&gt;I still do not fully understand the difference between a User Story and a Test Scenario. How are the two different?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastActivityDate="2018-04-22T13:54:53.097" Title="User Story vs Test Scenario" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;qa-role&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30065" CreationDate="2017-10-12T11:51:17.280" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;A user story describes a piece of functionality from the perspective of a user. A classic example is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a registered customer, I need to see a list of my orders so I can&#xA;  manage my purchasing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test scenario is a description of how a piece of functionality is expected to behave, with no specific perspective. The user story example I gave implies several test scenarios:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A logged in customer can navigate to an order history page and view a list of all their orders.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A logged in customer can navigate to an order history page and will not see orders for any other customer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A customer who is not logged in cannot navigate to an order history page.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing to remember here is that different testers will often generate different test scenarios for any given user story: they will cover the same functionality, but depending on the needs of the organization and the tester's preferences the scenarios may be high level or more granular. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T11:51:17.280" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30067" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30057" CreationDate="2017-10-12T12:10:18.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;strong&gt;much&lt;/strong&gt; easier way than the accepted answer: &lt;code&gt;find_elements()&lt;/code&gt; returns a &lt;strong&gt;list&lt;/strong&gt; of elements, empty if none are present. No try-catch, no timeout, no wait, no hassle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T12:10:18.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30069" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-12T16:43:35.073" Score="1" ViewCount="348" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked following question - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;There is a form on a web page and it has UI validation, but UI&#xA;  validation fails on QA environment and you log a bug for it. But&#xA;  developer cannot reproduce it on his environment. What could be&#xA;  possible reasons of developer not able to reproduce on his&#xA;  environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had following answers -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;QA environment could have different build installed than what developer environment has.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser version could be different what QA and Dev checked up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser itself could be different what QA and Dev checked up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could you please suggest if above are correct and what could be other possible reasons?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5218" LastActivityDate="2020-10-19T12:54:21.350" Title="UI validation bug not reproducible on Dev environment" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;validation&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30069" CreationDate="2017-10-12T16:59:12.477" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let me add my options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are some addons installed or not installed in DEV/QA browser&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are networking or routing specific which makes client calls from DEV go to different resources (e.g. hosts file configuration) and that could impact if your UI is built with the help of Ajax requests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are different locale settings or time settings on client machine&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are different screen resolutions which might break the layout of your UI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your browsers work in different modes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have not specified the preconditions quite accurately so that you both start from different system states when you reproduce an issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-10-07T06:26:18.237" LastActivityDate="2020-10-07T06:26:18.237" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30071" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30052" CreationDate="2017-10-12T17:00:15.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a day or two of hard toiling and trying a lot of combinations, I was able to get the features working correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue was that the feature files and the steps were not glued together and many times, if I had the feature files along with the step definitions, it would throw an ambiguous error, since Cucumber gets multiple same definitions and is not able to actually tell which steps it had to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I put up an issue for the ambiguous error on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46664254/multiple-step-definitions-match-error-in-cucumber&quot;&gt;SO&lt;/a&gt;, and the answer given by Kyle Fairns gave me the idea to separate the common steps at one place and after a some hours of trying things and reading a lot of blog posts, I re-structured my tests in this way -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;|    ├───e2e&#xA;│         ├───features&#xA;|         |     |---search.feature&#xA;|         |     |---getstarted.feature&#xA;|         |     &#xA;│         └───steps&#xA;│              ├───common&#xA;|              |     |-common_step.ts [Contains Given step]&#xA;|              |&#xA;│              ├───getstarted&#xA;|              |      |---getstarted.po.ts&#xA;|              |      |---getstarted.steps.ts&#xA;│              ├───learnmore&#xA;|              |      |---learnmore.po.ts&#xA;|              | .    |---learnmore.steps.ts&#xA;│              |───search&#xA;|              |      |---search.po.ts&#xA;|              |      |---search.steps.ts&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I grouped the &lt;code&gt;.po&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;.steps&lt;/code&gt; file in a single directory for a specific action. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since the &lt;code&gt;Given&lt;/code&gt; step was common to all the scenarios, I put it up in a single &lt;code&gt;common&lt;/code&gt; directory. The rest steps were separated out, action wise in their respective directory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;dir&lt;/code&gt; structure that I am working currently gives me the flexibility of tuning out the exact steps and methods for a particular action , since the steps corresponds to particular function blocks in the &lt;code&gt;.po&lt;/code&gt; files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if someone comes with a better idea/structure, please feel free to add an answer to the question and I would be more than happy to try it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T17:00:15.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30073" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30076" CreationDate="2017-10-12T19:20:23.360" Score="4" ViewCount="535" Body="&lt;p&gt;I sometimes see that issues that seem to be bugs, are declared as a feature or enhancement instead. Here is a contrived example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have an e-commerce website. Customers can add items to shopping cart, or remove all items from it. The issue is that customers can still place orders having zero items i.e. zero total cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel that this is a bug, i.e. a logical bug. But, some people feel that this is an enhancement because we are changing how the ordering feature works. In this situation, I am convinced that it is a bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, are there any situations where real bugs can or should be implemented as a feature/enhancement ? Does the difference matter ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastEditorUserId="19669" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T22:15:40.420" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T08:27:06.290" Title="When is it okay to implement a bug fix as a feature or enhancement?" Tags="&lt;bug-report&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30074" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30073" CreationDate="2017-10-12T20:15:27.410" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is actually pretty common that different people look at an issue in very different ways. Categorizing an issue is always &lt;em&gt;subjective&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An application crash in some specific situation happening for a single user out of 10000 can be considered a serious bug for you, error-handling improvement for a developer and the end user or your management or stakeholders would not even care how you name it as long as it is fixed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our company, we have a couple of developers which are quite sensitive when you categorize an issue as a &quot;Bug&quot; and would oftentimes argue about that - we've adjusted for that and use a less strict and a broader &quot;Problem&quot; type of an issue when we think that this is a bug. I've also seen some teams triage an issue sending it to a team leader or management to categorize, prioritize and send it further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a very nice article on the subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.codinghorror.com/thats-not-a-bug-its-a-feature-request/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;That's Not a Bug, It's a Feature Request&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar thing happens when you would try to determine the significance of an issue - how critical would it be. There is a great &quot;Determining Significance&quot; chapter from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.geraldmweinberg.com/Site/Perfect_Software.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Perfect Software: And Other Illusions about Testing&quot;&lt;/a&gt; book covering the topic and providing a very nice example of when an issue might have multiple &quot;polar&quot; views on it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-12T20:20:56.503" LastActivityDate="2017-10-12T20:20:56.503" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30073" CreationDate="2017-10-13T08:27:06.290" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: Yes, it is perfectly fine if a defect is re-classified.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to promote the &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/quality-functions/the-zero-bug-policy-b0bd987be684#.qowehv6nv&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;zero defect policy&lt;/a&gt;. Meaning that your backlog should not contain any defects. Blockers and critical issues should be fixed asap. Other issues are often improvements and not really defects. We could discuss the wording and definitions, but deciding what is and what is not worth fixing is way more important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o1GYX.png&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o1GYX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would add a fifth classification &quot;Trivial&quot; for defects that should never get priority, because they are to trivial to work on. Report them and close it. Make sure you communicate clearly and fair.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Now your example&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The issue is that customers can still place orders having zero items&#xA;  i.e. zero total cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are customers really going to do it? Does it block their normal flow? Is it business critical? I think the answer here is No. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I think it is part of an existing feature thus an improvement. It can be lived with, but some users might run into it by accident. The impact might be that someone needs to clean up the system manually. This might make me think this should be improved, but maybe it can wait until it really happens in the wild.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep in mind the goal is not to make perfect software. The less work you do the more value you can add to change the world. Long defect lists do not help with adding value to the software product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep your defect lists short.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Triage if defects are improvements or features continuously.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to maximize addition of value by limiting the work you execute&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T08:27:06.290" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30077" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30065" CreationDate="2017-10-13T10:28:03.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;They have a different focus:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;User Story&lt;/strong&gt;: Explains the value, the why of the functional requirement. Is high level. A means to discuss the end-in-mind.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test scenario&lt;/strong&gt;: Explains how to validate the execution of (non-)functional requirement. Contains more details. A means to validate behaviour.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both could be in a format of story-telling and thus feel high-level, but the reason to use them is different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Agile software development I think these links might help:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;User stories&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;User stories are short, simple descriptions of a feature told from the&#xA;  perspective of the person who desires the new capability, usually a&#xA;  user or customer of the system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/agile/user-stories&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/agile/user-stories&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test scenarios&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A feature usually contains a list of scenarios. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Every scenario consists of a list of steps, which must start with one&#xA;  of the keywords Given, When, Then, But or And.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Feature-Introduction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber/wiki/Feature-Introduction&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T13:28:39.743" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T13:28:39.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30078" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-13T10:55:26.493" Score="1" ViewCount="1465" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to TDD. I have configured the karma and gulp for my sources to generate the code coverage. My karma configuration file is given below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    browsers: ['Chrome', 'IE', 'Firefox', 'MyHeadlessChrome'],&#xA;        frameworks: ['jquery-1.10.2', 'jasmine-jquery', 'jasmine'],&#xA;        files: [&#xA;        '**/**/**/**/**.*',&#xA;        &#xA;        {&#xA;            pattern: 'js/**/**/**.html',&#xA;            watched: true,&#xA;            served: true,&#xA;            included: false&#xA;        }&#xA;        ],&#xA;        port:9878,&#xA;        concurrency: Infinity,&#xA;        browserDisconnectTolerance: 3,&#xA;        browserNoActivityTimeout: 1000000,&#xA;        browserDisconnectTimeout: 1000000,&#xA;        captureTimeout: 1000000,&#xA;        retryLimit: 5,&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While execution test cases, I am getting below error, a method was in service. It shows that, method was not found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My package.json configuration is given below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-json prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    &amp;quot;devDependencies&amp;quot;: {&#xA;    &amp;quot;eslint-html-reporter&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^0.5.2&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;ghooks&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.2.4&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;gulp&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^3.9.0&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;gulp-concat&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^2.6.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;gulp-csslint&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^0.3.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;gulp-eslint&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^2.0.0&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;gulp-jasmine&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^2.4.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;gulp-lesshint&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^2.0.0&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;jasmine&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^2.4.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;jasmine-core&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^2.4.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;jasmine-jquery&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^2.1.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;jquery-1x&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.10.2&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.7.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-chrome-launcher&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^2.2.0&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-coverage&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.1.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-firefox-launcher&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.0.0&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-html-detailed-reporter&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.1.20&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-ie-launcher&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.0.0&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-jasmine&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.0.2&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-jasmine-jquery-2&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^0.1.1&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-jquery&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^0.1.0&amp;quot;,&#xA;    &amp;quot;karma-safari-launcher&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;^1.0.0&amp;quot;&#xA;     },&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The karma-warning is given below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    06:42:21 [2] [33m13 10 2017 16:14:06.395:WARN [web-server]: [39m404: /Initialize&#xA;    06:42:21 [2] [33m13 10 2017 16:14:06.397:WARN [web-server]: [39m404: /GetData&#xA;    06:42:21 [2] [33m13 10 2017 16:14:06.738:WARN [web-server]: [39m404: /GetData&#xA;    06:42:21 [2] [33m13 10 2017 16:14:06.741:WARN [web-server]: [39m404: /GetData&#xA;    06:42:21 [2] [33m13 10 2017 16:14:06.744:WARN [web-server]: [39m404: /GetData&#xA;    06:42:21 [2] [33m13 10 2017 16:14:06.748:WARN [web-server]: [39m404: /GetData&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to avoid the ajax call in karma test runner? And could anyone tell me how to stop ajax call in jasmine or karma?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27557" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T07:38:21.963" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T07:38:21.963" Title="How to clear karma warn web-server 404 error for Service method call?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30079" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30081" CreationDate="2017-10-13T12:16:26.353" Score="4" ViewCount="237" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any standard or pattern of doing Exploratory Testing?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do we still need to write test cases or not?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any flow to follow with this kind of testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How Exploratory Testing related with ‘Recon Testing’?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22960" LastEditorUserId="22960" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T12:23:55.387" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T13:25:05.483" Title="Is there any standard or pattern of doing Exploratory Testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30081" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30079" CreationDate="2017-10-13T12:59:10.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, there is not a defined industry standard pattern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is not a set definition for exploratory testing. I would read the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1509&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing 3.0 blog of James Bach&lt;/a&gt; though, as it explains the continuum going from totally free-style-exploring to exploratory-scripted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The exploratory-scripted continuum&lt;/strong&gt;. This is a sliding bar on which&#xA;  testing ranges from completely exploratory to completely scripted. All&#xA;  testing work falls somewhere on this scale. Having recognized this, we&#xA;  stopped speaking of exploratory testing as a technique, but rather as&#xA;  an approach that applies to techniques (or as Cem likes to say, a&#xA;  “style” of testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mVYdz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/mVYdz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1509&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1509&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your second question&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Do we still need to write test cases or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes ofcourse, but maybe not as a part of formal documentation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often I throw away my test-cases after an exploratory testing session. If we find defects we write a new automated test for it anyways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We mostly use exploratory testing to find gaps in our test automation, as I describe in &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@NReijmersdal/the-test-eiffeltower-versus-test-pyramids-3b15e8621122&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;the Lookout part in my Test-EiffelTower blog&lt;/a&gt;, but also for a usability sanity check of-course. It clearly depends on the needs and the charters we define. Also what we test depends on where we are in the project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Your third question&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Is there any flow to follow with this kind of testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I teach exploratory testing methods I tend to let newbies start with the following format:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Timebox&lt;/strong&gt;: Set a timebox (90min +-45min)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understand the product/feature&lt;/strong&gt;: Create a mindmap and &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ckenst/testing-guides/blob/master/writing_exploratory_charters.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;charters&lt;/a&gt;. (update them next loop)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design tests&lt;/strong&gt;: Pick some &lt;a href=&quot;http://testobsessed.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/testheuristicscheatsheetv1.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;heuristics&lt;/a&gt; to validate areas of the map or charters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Execute tests&lt;/strong&gt;: Execute a few tests. Log your steps and results.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Analyse&lt;/strong&gt;: Analyse your results. Use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/root_cause_analysis.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;root-cause-analyses&lt;/a&gt; to go deeper. Defects-cluster&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Loop&lt;/strong&gt;: Is your timebox finished? Yes: Goto step 7. No: goto step 2.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Stop&lt;/strong&gt;: Stop testing and share your results with the team. Decide what the next actions will be. (Could also be another exploratory testing cycle.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After practising this a couple of times feel free to go more scripted or more free-style. Depending on industry, project or personal-style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T13:25:05.483" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T13:25:05.483" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30082" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16498" CreationDate="2017-10-13T14:23:05.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ adb -e emu kill &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;worked for me, I want create a bash script for my CI to 1st start an emulator before compiling the project then killing the emulator after it has been completed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28528" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-13T15:42:34.943" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T15:42:34.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30084" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30085" CreationDate="2017-10-13T20:25:08.607" Score="3" ViewCount="175" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is how our test case development process looks like. A tester writes a test case in a spreadsheet, with each test step and expected result. Then, another tester reviews the test case and approves it if its ok. The test writer then executes the test when needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with the above approach is that sometimes, the test reviewers approve tests even when the test steps are missing some crucial information. This omission was discovered only when a third person was asked to execute some tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I was thinking of changing the process by making the reviewer execute the test. I believe that this might make the reviewer be more thorough because he has to execute the test, i.e. he cannot afford to miss important details. As an aside, the new way might bring out lack of documentation. When, reviewers find that system documentation is needed in order to run a test, then they will ask for it and mention it to our QA manager (during scrum meetings).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does the new approach make sense ? If not, then are there any other approaches that we could try ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28532" LastActivityDate="2017-10-15T15:32:09.537" Title="How to develop and review test cases?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30084" CreationDate="2017-10-13T21:05:06.473" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Making reviewer to execute the test could catch some omission but &lt;strong&gt;it would not be 100%, ever.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manual test are executed not by computers, but &lt;strong&gt;sapient, thinking humans.&lt;/strong&gt; Humans can think, learn, see patterns. Computers, not so much (they can, but it requires deep learning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Difference is the &lt;strong&gt;unsaid assumptions&lt;/strong&gt;, based on the experience of the human (which is different for every person). Something obvious to one person is far from obvious for another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if I write directions how to execute steps &lt;strong&gt;for myself&lt;/strong&gt;, when I try to execute them a &lt;strong&gt;year later&lt;/strong&gt;, I often find I forgot to mention some &quot;obvious&quot; steps. So I add them to my instructions, and year later, sometimes it is again not obvious even to me, and I might need more investigating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And opposite is also true: sometimes &lt;strong&gt;too much details might be annoying&lt;/strong&gt;. Like in those &quot;for dummies&quot; books, when they repeatedly explain some trivial details again and again, even if I learned it 20 pages ago, as if I was really a dummy who cannot remember a thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best test cases has right amount details &lt;strong&gt;for the audience who will be using the script&lt;/strong&gt; but not more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T21:05:06.473" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24597" CreationDate="2017-10-13T22:00:25.587" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Came back to this question a lot later. I ended up coming up with a solution to run my script through a command line to start the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=chromedriver -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.3.1.jar for windows just add a .exe after chromedriver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22030" LastActivityDate="2017-10-13T22:00:25.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30087" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30090" CreationDate="2017-10-14T05:15:05.613" Score="2" ViewCount="658" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a newbie to Selenium. I am running a script which opens Static dropdown but it is providing error. Could anyone please help me out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package basics;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;&#xA;public class SpiceJetWebUIControls {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args)  {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;N://drivers//geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://spicejet.com/&quot;);&#xA;        Select s=new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ct100_mainContent_dd1_Adult&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;        s.selectByValue(&quot;2&quot;);&#xA;        s.selectByIndex(6);&#xA;        s.selectByVisibleText(&quot;9 Adults&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error provided:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException:&#xA;  Unable to locate element: #ct100_mainContent_dd1_Adult&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28534" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-14T08:16:20.443" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T11:09:08.920" Title="NoSuchElementException when opening dropdown" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25522" CreationDate="2017-10-14T06:54:55.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Worst case write a Selenium program that takes data from Jenkins to BugZilla. Both are webapplications So this should be possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your best bets are the bugzilla API, e-mail or plug-in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T06:54:55.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30089" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-14T07:05:26.070" Score="0" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TOUhP.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TOUhP.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;So my problem little bit tricky so here is the scenario  2 Thread Group are running simultaneously   one consisting about user Login and 2 user login at time   and request for ride and two  pickup id is generated(i stored pick up id using Regular expression and pass it other thread group to next Driver thread group using beanshell assertion) from that request and in another thread group only one driver will login and and he got 2 request and he accept the one request and complete the trip still on more request is pending now the question is how to make him accept pending request  and complete trip is this possible in jmeter please help me how to do this one .with simple example  and added image to understand the problem clearly&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastActivityDate="2017-10-15T08:43:44.657" Title="How to assign the generated id to Http Request when it completes the previous response in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30087" CreationDate="2017-10-14T08:14:04.483" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your &lt;code&gt;By.id()&lt;/code&gt; is wrong. I visited the site, looked at the sources and you used &lt;strong&gt;DD1&lt;/strong&gt; while the site uses &lt;strong&gt;DDL&lt;/strong&gt; in their id. (ct&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;00_mainContent_dd&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;_Adult vs ct&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;00_mainContent_dd&lt;strong&gt;l&lt;/strong&gt;_Adult) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some fonts the 1 and l look very similar. Make a habit of using cut and paste and try to minimize the code you type manually. This is very important for variables-, function-, class-names and webdriver selectors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; means that the element does not exist at the time you try to access it. It could have multiple reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wrong selector (this is your case I think)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Not yet there: The page is still loading. Use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11736027/webdriver-wait-for-element-using-java&quot;&gt;WebDriver wait&lt;/a&gt; to wait for the element to appear.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disappeared: Was there, but when you try to use it is gone. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-14T11:09:08.920" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T11:09:08.920" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30091" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30084" CreationDate="2017-10-14T08:32:05.597" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does the new approach make sense?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe, but how do you know for sure? Measure the number of testcase that where incomplete for a while. Change the process and measure again. Is it better now? This might be a bit time consuming, but your team is probably already doing something similar for defect leakage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Better is to hold a &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/principles/systems-thinking.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;systems thinking&lt;/a&gt; session. Thinking about how your current systems influence the number of incomplete test-cases, finding loops that have a positive effect and try to make those better. Define some actions and experiment. Monitor your process/system and keep improving it. This means adding and removing steps in your process/system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be careful of adding more gates to your process. Do you really want to make your process more heavy and time consuming? The goal is not better test-cases, but less defects in production, maybe there are totally different means to reach your goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice: Experiment, evaluate, adapt continuously. Start trying. Use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDCA&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PDCA&lt;/a&gt; cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T08:32:05.597" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30092" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30103" CreationDate="2017-10-14T09:19:29.833" Score="0" ViewCount="116" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm writing testcases to select 7 radio buttons. While select the radio button it displays run time error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried with below code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void selecttemplate()&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rdBtn = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;Template_Type&quot;));             &#xA;    int size=rdBtn.size();&#xA;&#xA;    for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;size;i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        String val=rdBtn.get(i).getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        if(val.equals(&quot;Documents&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            rdBtn.get(i).click();&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;    WebElement save=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;register-button&quot;));&#xA;    save.submit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is error snap:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EKz4C.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EKz4C.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sqQp2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sqQp2.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="21247" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T05:46:52.353" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T07:58:39.800" Title="Displays error while select radio button in selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30069" CreationDate="2017-10-14T10:10:34.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can add all the missing issues related to assert:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the same server side state (database state, source code, etc..)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the same client side state (browser version, browser extensions and configuration, resources loaded from the server - like javascript, css and html files).  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is important to check whether all those loaded files are the same... for example if some of those files are being cached in production by some proxy server the user might be loading a javascript, css, etc... from an older release. It is good to tell the user to clear the browser cache before reproducing the error. If the error is gone then you need to adjust the headers that control the cache expiry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the workflow that reproduces the error. Here you can check if the error scenario doesn't depend on concurrent iterations of another users, or some specific calculation that depend of the server or client time of the iterations.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28537" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T10:10:34.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30094" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30084" CreationDate="2017-10-14T16:02:54.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This reminds me one of Agile Manifesto:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Individuals and interactions over processes and tools&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the missing one are &quot;crucial information&quot; or &quot;important details&quot;, seems your approach will be a patch at the result but not at the root cause. When the important details are missing from testing ( or even in developing phase ), this is an issue that need to be addressed with team:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do staffs really understand story, its benefits and impacts to the system? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do they realize this information from the first place?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are these information/detail clear communicated during the requirement phase and documented in a story management tool you use?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc - any other question to identify the issue root cause.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If an answer is no, so you know the area that need to be fixed rather than the additional-cost-review-process. You can get feedback from team and keep improving it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If answers to these questions is yes, they do understand the story. and the detail is clear communicated and documented. I believe this kind of issue should be small. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However I still see benefits of reviewing for test approach, test technique, test coverage with corner cases or functional/non-functional/security test to gain more confidence in product not the important detail of a story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2017-10-14T16:02:54.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30096" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30089" CreationDate="2017-10-15T08:43:44.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to try &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/InterThreadCommunication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inter-Thread communication plugin&lt;/a&gt;. Extract pickup id in postprocessor in TG 1. Then put pickup id to FIFO in Inter Thread communication postprocessor. Next in TG 2 get this pick up id in Inter Thread preprocessor. See examples on plugin page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28541" LastActivityDate="2017-10-15T08:43:44.657" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30097" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-15T10:41:54.197" Score="3" ViewCount="497" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have the exact same problem as in this post &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12389/automated-gui-testing-of-mfc-dynamic-html-embedded-desktop-application&quot;&gt;Automated GUI Testing of MFC/Dynamic HTML embedded Desktop Application&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This were an old post but maybe there are new solutions available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have written a desktop GUI automation framework with python and winium, but now I have the HTML embedded pages to deal with inside the desktop app, for example fill in forms and submit it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please assist me?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28542" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:16:32.353" Title="Automated GUI Testing HTML embedded Desktop Application" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30098" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30084" CreationDate="2017-10-15T15:32:09.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Moving one work-product from one person to another one just for validation is not what you can call &quot;agile&quot;. If you wish to get the maximum value for your product, then align your process toward this goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So instead of having one person write the test cases and another one validate them, make them work together to define what needs to be tested and how. This way you'll move most of the issues detected during the validation/execution to this single phase which will eliminate all the back and forth and the related documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then have one of them write the tests cases matching these tests requirements and have him run them at least once. There's no real value in validating the test cases since they can be adjusted during the execution and mainly because you'll get a feedback if something is missing. So I would skip the validation if the way the tests are executed has no impact on people's safety. Instead, monitor the issues and give the necessary training if the level becomes unacceptable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bottom line is you'll get more value by having people working together toward a common goal compared to simply ask them to execute a single task with a vertical mindset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16994" LastActivityDate="2017-10-15T15:32:09.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2721" CreationDate="2017-10-16T01:06:21.237" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There isn't an easy to use manual method for exporting from HP ALM to Excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only easy to use manual method for exporting will give you a HP report which is hard to use for your purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those steps are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to Test Plan view &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select a test folder &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to the top menu and selected Analysis &gt; Project Report &gt; Tests with Design Steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately you'll need to use a technical method or tool for creating an excel file with the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HP ALM provides a technical method where you can run SQL by going to Dashboard &gt; Analysis View &gt; New Excel Report&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rkefJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rkefJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24279" LastEditorUserId="24279" LastEditDate="2018-09-07T10:19:18.743" LastActivityDate="2018-09-07T10:19:18.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30101" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30227" CreationDate="2017-10-16T06:41:28.927" Score="4" ViewCount="15931" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have scratching my heads around this problem for two days. I have a test where I need to check if a spinner is not visible to the user. This is the first test of a series of tests, and until the spinner is not visible, the page elements are not displayed to the user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been trying to implement a wait in order to wait for the element to be invisible , but my tests seem to fail and the tests exit with a success code, however I can still see the spinner being available on the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have even tried the dirty &lt;code&gt;browser.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; method, but my tests doesn't even wait for the sleep duration that I have given.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have this given block of HTML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class =&amp;quot;loadingContent&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;always-loader&amp;quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class =&amp;quot;first-time-loader&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class =&amp;quot;text&amp;gt; Preparing the App just for you&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;img src =&amp;quot;images/d92f6c4a.horizontal_loader.gif&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My test checks that &lt;code&gt;img&lt;/code&gt; is not present in the DOM or is not displayed. I have a function that waits for this purpose&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Try 1&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  public waitForSpinnerDisappear(){&#xA;  browser.sleep(100000);&#xA;    let EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions; &#xA;    const condition = until.elementIsNotVisible($('[src=&amp;quot;images/d92f6c4a.horizontal_loader.gif&amp;quot;]'));&#xA;    return browser.wait(condition,500000);&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Try2&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  let EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.wait(EC.invisibilityOf($('[src=&amp;quot;images/d92f6c4a.horizontal_loader.gif&amp;quot;]')),500000);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Try3&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public waitForSpinnerDisappear(){&#xA;browser.wait(function(){&#xA;  return $('[src=&amp;quot;images/d92f6c4a.horizontal_loader.gif&amp;quot;]').isDisplayed()&#xA;  .then(function(result){&#xA;    return !result;&#xA;  });&#xA;  },500000);&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All these conditions doesn't wait for the spinner to disappear from the page and my tests exit with a success code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  1 scenario (1 passed)&#xA;  2 steps (2 passed)&#xA;  0m00.005s&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;[12:04:20] I/launcher - 0 instance(s) of WebDriver still running&#xA;[12:04:20] I/launcher - chrome #01 passed&#xA;Done in 19.54s.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't provide the URL for the application since it's an internal application but I can give the gist for the code in case it's needed. My question here is what do I need to do more in order for the web page to load for the spinner to be loaded.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have gone through the following SO post's for reference but the solutions given here doesn't work&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27073/wait-for-element-change-not-present-webdriver-javascript-jest&quot;&gt;Post 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/22863/selenium-how-to-wait-for-javascript-fadeout-visibility-and-clickable-dont-wor/29011#29011&quot;&gt;Post 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20811579/how-to-handle-spinners-using-protractor&quot;&gt;Post 3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit : After some more debugging, I believe that this is something related to Cucumber. I had the same code without Cucumber and my tests wait for the loader to disappear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone point me in the direction where the issue might be ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2018-10-16T12:49:56.313" Title="Correct Strategy for Element to be not present in DOM" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;pom&gt;&lt;typescript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30092" CreationDate="2017-10-16T07:58:39.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As I understand from this stack trace it is issue of &lt;code&gt;Element is not clickable&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this exception, following problem :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Page is not loaded properly. So you need to wait for page and all component to load. Here is the code :&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     public void selecttemplate()&#xA;     {&#xA;&#xA;    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; rdBtn = driver.findElements(By.name(&quot;Template_Type&quot;));             &#xA;    int size=rdBtn.size();&#xA;&#xA;    for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;size;i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;    String val=rdBtn.get(i).getAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    if(val.equals(&quot;Documents&quot;))&#xA;    {&#xA;        // wait - recommended case &#xA;        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(rdBtn.get(i)));&#xA;&#xA;       //Use Thread.sleep(); Not recommended. Use only in last working case &#xA;       //Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;       rdBtn.get(i).click();&#xA;        //Thread.sleep(4000);&#xA;        break;&#xA;    }&#xA;    }&#xA;    WebElement save=driver.findElement(By.name(&quot;register-button&quot;));&#xA;    save.submit();&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Web Element is not on visible screen or Visible area:&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scroll to that element and perform click operation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Some ajax event perform while clicking :&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same solution as Point Num : 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note : Choose your problem and perform the solution.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T07:58:39.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30105" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30108" CreationDate="2017-10-16T08:26:59.243" Score="0" ViewCount="44" Body="&lt;p&gt;What is the use of plus &lt;code&gt;&quot;+&quot;&lt;/code&gt; symbol in code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Eg: &lt;code&gt;(char) (myRandom.nextInt(26) **+** 'A')&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28417" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-16T09:08:49.170" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T09:13:47.223" Title="Usage of &quot;+&quot; symbol in operations with characters" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;coding&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-10-16T12:25:54.933" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30106" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30105" CreationDate="2017-10-16T09:04:16.620" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This particular line means that you take a random shift from &lt;code&gt;'A'&lt;/code&gt;. Say if &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;myRandom.nextInt(26) == 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then you will get &lt;code&gt;'B'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T09:04:16.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30105" CreationDate="2017-10-16T09:13:47.223" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In this case, the + is moving to the next char in the alphabet from where you are.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The random part doesn't help explain, so this snippet may help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;char x = (char)(1 + 'A'); // returns B.  Pos 1 + A (1) gives 2 =&amp;gt; B&#xA;x = (char)(2 + 'A'); // returns C.  Pos 2 + A (1) gives 3 =&amp;gt; C&#xA;x = (char)(3 + 'A'); // returns D.  Pos 3 + A (1) gives 6 =&amp;gt; D&#xA;x = (char)(1 + 'A'); // returns B.  Pos 1 + A (1) gives 2 =&amp;gt; B&#xA;x = (char)(2 + 'B'); // returns D.  Pos 2 + B (2) gives 4 =&amp;gt; D&#xA;x = (char)(3 + 'C'); // returns F.  Pos 3 + C (3) gives 6 =&amp;gt; F&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your random statement is seeded with 26.  So nextInt(26) will return a random number between 0 and 26.  Whatever is returned by that is that moved on one position by the + 'A' part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T09:13:47.223" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30109" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-16T09:40:07.230" Score="0" ViewCount="64" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a requirement for running multiple suites in parallel in our software testing services. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below are the 3 approaches that I have tried so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added parallel_tests in Gemfile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Added 'require parallel_tests' in rake file &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Created 02 nodes and also created a Grid Console for execution of both the nods in parallel&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Result: Only one node gets executed successfully instead of executing both of them in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Configurations used are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Language: Ruby 2.3&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mac: 10.2.3 version&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rpsec, rake file framework structure&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T17:19:28.470" Title="Issue with parallel execution using Ruby language on Mac machine" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30111" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30116" CreationDate="2017-10-16T13:31:18.963" Score="-3" ViewCount="3817" Body="&lt;p&gt;User should not be able to close the browser using following methods. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1)Clicking X button of browser window&#xA;2)Using Alt+F4 &#xA;3)Right-Click on Taskbar Icon + Close Window &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Edit : &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We require this setup to run uninterrupted test on a machine that would be accessed by users and would have separate applications running at the same time of this test run. So we want to avoid our browser being messed around during that period. just want to run the tests in locked manner in a browser. User should be free to do anything else on that machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23932" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T04:53:28.827" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T17:08:48.083" Title="How to disable user from closing the browser until Test Execution is complete ? using Selenium Webdriver &amp; Chrome" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;windows&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30112" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30025" CreationDate="2017-10-16T14:40:05.667" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Turns out this was a bug in TypeMock. It has been fixed in version 8.6.0.18.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28454" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T14:40:05.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30109" CreationDate="2017-10-16T15:17:13.117" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a few gems for running RSpec in parallel:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/willbryant/parallel_rspec&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/willbryant/parallel_rspec&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/yuku-t/parallel-rspec&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/yuku-t/parallel-rspec&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bicarbon8/rspec-parallel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/bicarbon8/rspec-parallel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;RSpec also provides filtering options (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rubydoc.info/github/rspec/rspec-core/file/Filtering.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;doc here&lt;/a&gt;). With that, you can do &lt;code&gt;rspec --tag module_X&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this feature, you could make a native parallelization:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;rspec -t module_Y &amp;amp; rspec -t module_X &amp;amp; rspec -t module_Z&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You would have to merge the reports somehow, though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T17:19:28.470" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T17:19:28.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17621" CreationDate="2017-10-16T18:04:54.753" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;another way to sidestep the Same Origin Policy restriction is to use Sikuli. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another object recognition based solution is to use the free Kantu &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/web-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Visual Testing&lt;/a&gt; app. It works just like Sikuli, but inside a Chromium web browser. Since it works &quot;inside&quot; Chromium, you can run many tests at once, and run it headless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28557" LastActivityDate="2017-10-16T18:04:54.753" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30111" CreationDate="2017-10-17T06:25:58.597" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;While Selenium can not prevent users from closing the browser, there are other ways you can achieve uninterrupted test execution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 1: Use headless chrome&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With chrome v60+ for windows, you can run chrome &lt;a href=&quot;https://intoli.com/blog/running-selenium-with-headless-chrome/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;headless&lt;/a&gt;. This means the browser will not pop up on the screen so users will not be interrupted. It will however, still pop up the chrome icon on the toolbar. Clicking on this icon will not bring up the browser, but users can still right click and quit it. The other downside is you won't be able to watch tests run in real time anymore. If you want to use chrome headless, you just need to add &lt;code&gt;chromeOptions&lt;/code&gt; to your chromedriver initialization. Here's an example in java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;chromeOptions.addArguments(&quot;--headless&quot;);&#xA;Webdriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Option 2: Setup Selenium Grid and run Selenium Standalone as a Service&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't want your user to even see the Chrome icon appear on the toolbar, then I would setup &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenium grid&lt;/a&gt; and run the Selenium Standalone as a Windows Service (&lt;a href=&quot;https://nssm.cc/usage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NSSM&lt;/a&gt; is a nice tool for this). This would run the test in &lt;a href=&quot;https://kb.firedaemon.com/support/solutions/articles/4000086228-what-is-session-0-isolation-what-do-i-need-to-know-about-it-&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Session 0&lt;/a&gt; in the background where it is completely invisible to the user, hence will have no way of interrupting it. You can still see screenshots of any running tests by going to the selenium hub portal. The setup for this is more involved, but I would recommend this option for the long run for scalability. It will also fit very well if you intend to move towards Continuous Integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27439" LastEditorUserId="27439" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T17:08:48.083" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T17:08:48.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30121" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29931" CreationDate="2017-10-17T09:13:09.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Thanks all for your concern on my problem. Finally I blocked facebook with host file in windows. I followed this &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/thomasbilk/1506210/2d20f47bbcca75b2f78d6909c1637501000d846f&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Git repo&lt;/a&gt;. &#xA;Now its running smoothly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: If u follow the same method then you will realize that you can no longer access facebook through your machine. Since this solved my matter I quit from looking for further solutions but If anybody else knows a way to block facebook connectivity through selenium please comment below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28347" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T09:13:09.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30123" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-17T10:00:46.437" Score="1" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;When executing the test suite, Ranorex runs the Program class. However, when running Code Modules individually in isolation, they appear to be executed directly.&#xA;I have code which I want to be executed in either case. But I cannot find a decent place to but it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One option is to have Code Modules inherit from a base class which executes such code. Thereby, the base class code will be executed when a code module is run in isolation and also when it is run from within the test suite. However, this appears unintuitive, as I hijack the inheritance concept in order to solve an execution-order problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:48:47.473" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:48:47.473" Title="Where to put central code in a Ranorex test suite?" Tags="&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30125" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30128" CreationDate="2017-10-17T11:49:57.277" Score="2" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am Software Engineer in Test and I have been assigned to test the accessibility of a webpage. We already have manual QA's for this and I would like to ask the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do I do as a S.E.T. in this topic?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Are there any frameworks that apply to this kind of testing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23509" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:10:14.700" Title="Accessibility automated testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30128" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30125" CreationDate="2017-10-17T13:04:56.780" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, there are official &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.google.com/search?q=section%20508&amp;amp;oq=section%20508&amp;amp;aqs=chrome..69i57j0j69i60l2j0l2.2151j0j4&amp;amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Section 508&lt;/a&gt; documents which you should consider researching and accepting as guidelines to follow in your accessibility testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are lots of tools for accessibility test automation ranging from commercial services like &lt;a href=&quot;https://tenon.io/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;tenon.io&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (even though I think the API is open and free but rate-limited) to open-source and free tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/yargalot/AccessSniff&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;AccessSniff&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/squizlabs/HTML_CodeSniffer&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;HTML_CodeSniffer&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/dequelabs/axe-core/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;axe&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; from Deque Labs and Google's &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/GoogleChrome/lighthouse&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lighthouse&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to name a few.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is also this list at w3.org, but not sure how up-to-date it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/tools/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools List&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If by any chance, you are using Protractor for test automation, AngularJS team built &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor-accessibility-plugin&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;an &quot;accessibility&quot; plugin for Protractor&lt;/a&gt; which uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/GoogleChrome/accessibility-developer-tools&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Chrome Accessibility developer tools&lt;/a&gt; and integrates with some of the services mentioned above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T13:10:14.700" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:10:14.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26687" CreationDate="2017-10-17T13:46:40.293" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;We were testing some memory leaks with the ranorex on eclipse based application with sleak.&#xA;Basically we were running few steps over and over and sometimes checked the sleak, if there are any uncleaned handles or other resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ranorex can help you do the boring repeating part, but you must know how to identify the memory leaks. And that is technology dependant.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11640" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T13:46:40.293" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30130" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30133" CreationDate="2017-10-17T14:43:40.327" Score="1" ViewCount="4406" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have downloaded and imported Selenium 3.60 jars but unable to import packages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package basics;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;public class Synchronization {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;N://drivers//geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;        //driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5,TimeUnit.SECONDS); //implicit wait&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;https://alaskatrips.poweredbygps.com/g/pt/hotels?MDPCID=ALASKA-US.TPS.BRAND.hotels.HOTEL&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;H-destination&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;nyc&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;H-destination&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.TAB); //tab operation&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;H-fromDate&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER); &#xA;&#xA;        WebDriverwait d=new Webriverwait(5,driver);&#xA;&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//a[contains(@href,'North-Bergen-Hotels-Howard-Johnson')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28534" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T19:49:28.933" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T19:49:28.933" Title="Unable to import packages while intializing java classes" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-10-23T19:31:00.007" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="5737" CreationDate="2017-10-17T15:15:09.020" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with production data is that that the cases are extensive but not exhaustive. Many cases that the system should take into account may not have shown up in the productive system, and if QA is a copy of Production, when they do they will not have been tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The test cases should be part of the functional specification and the test environment should be built from it by the functional team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28577" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T15:15:09.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30132" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-17T15:28:12.270" Score="0" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been using Selenium for awhile and I know many testers have compiled lists of standard security compliance types of tests to perform, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9441/what-are-some-invalid-data-inputs-that-will-break-a-text-box&quot;&gt;like are listed here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These fall into a list of tests that are performed on every web site for basic security compliance, a short list here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Form Fields: Visible and Hidden  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Escape codes  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQL Injections  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Non-ascii, Unicode vs UTF-8  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;URLs  &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Query String Manipulations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;etc.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt; Since these tests are commonly repeated and fairly generic, has anyone compiled a list of Tests created with Selenium that target these well known security compliance related issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some granular extensions based on common security compliance checks like this:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static class WebDriverComplianceExtensions&#xA;{&#xA;    public static void InputOneSixty(this IWebDriver driver, By by)&#xA;    {&#xA;        var input = driver.WaitUntil(d =&amp;gt; d.FindElement(by));&#xA;        input.SendKeys(&quot;&amp;amp;#160;&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And hopefully some sort of intelligent extensions like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;// some page navigation...&#xA;Assert.IsTrue(driver.PerformComplianceCheck(By.Id(&quot;FirstNameInputBox&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25378" LastEditorUserId="25378" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T15:51:27.853" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T20:24:23.477" Title="Security Standards Compliance testing library with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;security-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30133" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30130" CreationDate="2017-10-17T17:15:01.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think some problems right here are following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You are trying to use constructor of the class &lt;strong&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/strong&gt; to behave as a method of waiting for 5 seconds for some action. This won't work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is no constructor for the class &lt;strong&gt;WebDriverWait&lt;/strong&gt; that takes first argument as integer (in your code you're passing 5)&#xA;From the official &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S74XY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/S74XY.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to implicitly import (I mean type in your class) package &lt;strong&gt;org.openqa.selenium.support.ui&lt;/strong&gt; and see it this would help. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T17:15:01.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30135" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30139" CreationDate="2017-10-17T18:20:41.037" Score="1" ViewCount="823" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm coming from a Java+Selenium environment, so maybe this is a mismatch of understanding that I'm having with Javascript/Angular/Protractor.  I used to use IntelliJ's IDEA IDE for automation testing. I could actively do live search and on the fly testing of ideas using IDEA's Evaluate Expression functionality.  I could actively look for elements on a page (searching using CSS selectors for instance) and do a click (or see what the text is), and if my test was in debug mode it would do the click on the page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was really hoping for a similar experience with WebStorm since it's IntelliJ's answer for Javascript development. I'm in the middle of debugging a Protractor UI test and I can't look at the result of a getText() without doing a &lt;code&gt;.then()&lt;/code&gt; clause and a console.log in the &lt;code&gt;.then()&lt;/code&gt; clause.  I feel like if I do &lt;code&gt;element.getText()&lt;/code&gt; in the Evaluate Expression tool I should be able to see what that Promise will evaluate to without having to do a then clause that resolves the Promise. I understand there's stuff having to do with the asynchronous nature of Javascript that requires the resolution of the Promise, but I would think this super smart IDE would have resolution stuff built in. Is there a way to setup WebStorm to say 'hey, resolve this for me and let me see what happens!&quot;? I would hope for getting the same behavior when I evaluate &lt;code&gt;element.click()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28000" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T19:44:40.730" Title="Is there a way to setup WebStorm to execute Javascript/Protractor code in place using Evaluate Expression tool?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;intellij&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30136" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30132" CreationDate="2017-10-17T18:52:57.067" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is not an ideal tool for this kind of testing.  There are existing tools, which will be better suited to the task - Opening a browser, rendering the page and all the associated overhead is wasteful when conducting security testing!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest &lt;a href=&quot;https://portswigger.net/burp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Burp suite&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Zed_Attack_Proxy_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OWASP ZAP&lt;/a&gt;, depending on your full set of use cases and available budget.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23807" LastEditorUserId="23807" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T20:24:23.477" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T20:24:23.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30137" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30165" CreationDate="2017-10-17T19:16:10.650" Score="1" ViewCount="1026" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating an app using a blend of Coded UI and Selenium in Visual Studio. I have an app that uses a date picker (seems like it's using Bootstrap but not entirely sure). Using XPath, I can locate future dates but for some reason, cannot locate dates in the past (from current date). Anyone have any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the XPaths I used: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='md-virtual-repeat-scroller']//div[@class = 'md-virtual-repeat-offsetter']//table[@class = 'md-calendar']//tbody[@class = 'md-calendar-month']//tr[@aria-label = 'Week 4']//td[@id = 'md-11-2017-5-22']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried shorter versions as well to no avail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FqO2w.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/FqO2w.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19005" LastEditorUserId="24907" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T09:48:10.357" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T17:13:24.477" Title="Trying to automate a date-picker- having issues locating dates in the past" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30139" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30135" CreationDate="2017-10-17T19:44:40.730" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the closest thing to what you are asking about is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/andresdominguez/elementor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;Elementor&quot; library&lt;/a&gt; and a &lt;a href=&quot;https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/7636-elementor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebStorm plugin&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;install &lt;code&gt;elementor&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager start&lt;/code&gt; local selenium server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;run &lt;code&gt;elementor https://yourUrlHere&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;install &lt;code&gt;Elementor&lt;/code&gt; plugin in WebStorm&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, you should be able to test your locators from inside the WebStorm or from the Chrome window opened by Elementor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, this is what I can do now (see how the text value is resolved):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/noMS0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/noMS0.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also use the available Protractor debugging tool. For instance, you can put &lt;code&gt;browser.enterRepl()&lt;/code&gt; before a desired line and then test your locators and expressions in the command prompt. Also see:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/debugging.md&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debugging in Protractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31413300/what-is-the-difference-between-browser-pause-and-browser-enterrepl&quot;&gt;What is the difference between browser.pause() and browser.enterRepl()?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T19:44:40.730" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30140" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30065" CreationDate="2017-10-17T19:51:18.977" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most basic distinction between a User Story and a Test Scenario is that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;User Story is a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;business&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; artifact which defines the software requirement&#xA;  or an application feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Whereas Test Scenario is a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;test&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; artifact which defines the steps to&#xA;  validate and verify that the software requirement or application&#xA;  feature exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&#xA;In a ecommerce application, the following can be classified as User Stories:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a User I want to checkout items in shopping cart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As a User I want to update my delivery address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following can be classified as Test Scenarios for the above mentioned User Story no.1:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.1 Verify User can checkout an item from shopping cart&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given User is viewing item details &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When User clicks on &lt;em&gt;Add to Cart&lt;/em&gt; button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then Item is displayed in the &lt;em&gt;Shopping Cart&lt;/em&gt; page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When User clicks on &lt;em&gt;Checkout&lt;/em&gt; button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then Application displays a confirmation message: 'Checkout successful!'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.2 Verify Application does not allow user to checkout an empty shopping cart&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Given User has not added any item to shopping cart&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When User navigates to &lt;em&gt;Shopping Cart&lt;/em&gt; page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When User clicks on &lt;em&gt;Checkout&lt;/em&gt; button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then Application displays a error message: 'Shopping Cart is empty! Please add items to checkout.'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly for User Story no.2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.1 Verify a new user can add a new delivery address&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.2 Verify an existing user can add a new delivery address&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I hope the difference is clear.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T19:51:18.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30141" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30142" CreationDate="2017-10-17T20:35:26.913" Score="1" ViewCount="644" Body="&lt;p&gt;Bit of a newbie so apologies if I'm missing something obvious. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Im trying to loop through some checkboxes to ascertain if they are selected or not and I am getting an unresolved attribute reference for is_selected. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It seems to not like the self_checkboxes locator in my example below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class Checkboxes(BasePage):&#xA;    _checkboxes = {&quot;by&quot;: By.CSS_SELECTOR, &quot;value&quot;: 'input[type=&quot;checkbox&quot;]'}&#xA;    _title_ = {&quot;by&quot;: By.CSS_SELECTOR, &quot;value&quot;: &quot;#content &amp;gt; div &amp;gt; h3&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;    def __init__(self, driver):&#xA;        self.driver = driver&#xA;        self._visit(&quot;/checkboxes&quot;)&#xA;        assert self._is_displayed(self._title_)&#xA;&#xA;    def is_checkbox_selected(self):&#xA;        self._wait_for_is_displayed(self._checkboxes, 5)&#xA;        print(&quot;\nWith .is_selected&quot;)&#xA;        for checkbox in self._checkboxes:&#xA;            print(checkbox.is_selected())&#xA;        assert self._checkboxes[-1].is_selected()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas why this is?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28586" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-17T20:44:59.130" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T20:46:55.800" Title="Unresolved attribute reference 'is_selected'" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30142" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30141" CreationDate="2017-10-17T20:46:55.800" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/api.html#selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement.is_selected&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;is_selected()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is a method available on a &lt;code&gt;WebElement&lt;/code&gt; instance which is returned by the &lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_*()&lt;/code&gt; methods. In your case, I would expect you to have something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;checkbox_element = self.driver.find_element(**self._checkboxes)&#xA;assert checkbox_element.is_selected()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-10-17T20:46:55.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30144" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30145" CreationDate="2017-10-18T10:42:49.173" Score="2" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been tasked with creating test scripts for each and every menu item of an application with 600+ menu items. I was wondering if there is a faster way to do this than going through every single menu item and creating a test script for it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28594" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T11:48:23.050" Title="Create a testing plan for a huge legacy application" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30144" CreationDate="2017-10-18T11:48:23.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;600+ Menu items?  I don't envy that task!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a legacy application and is already in Production use, maybe you could look at testing 'areas' instead of single menu options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know the business area or anything about your app, but my first thoughts in response to your question would be to understand the main uses of the system.  I'd be looking for a dozen of these and then write some tests to test each main use.  I'd hope each of these tests touches upon several menu options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With a small set of tests, I'd then put together a matrix.  Menu options on one axis and the names of the tests on other axis.  That way you can map which options are covered by which tests, which options need tests, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hopefully with this approach, you might have less individual scripts to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T11:48:23.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30146" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30147" CreationDate="2017-10-18T14:15:49.400" Score="2" ViewCount="1499" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been reading the book &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B003YMNVC0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous Delivery: Reliable Software Releases through Build, Test, and Deployment Automation&lt;/a&gt; (Addison-Wesley Signature Series (Fowler))&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And these paragraphs drew my attention:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compiler warnings are usually warning you for good reasons. A strategy that we have adopted with some success, though it is often referred to as the “code Nazi” by our development teams, is to fail the build on warnings. This can be a bit draconian in some circumstances, but as a way to enforce good practice it is effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;.....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we have said, for some projects failing the build on any warning may sound too draconian. One approach that we have used to introduce this practice gradually is ratcheting. This means comparing the number of things like warnings or TODOs with the number in the previous check-in. If the number increases, we fail the build. Using this approach, you can easily enforce a policy that every commit should reduce the number of warnings or TODOs at least by one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In our scenario, we are using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt; integrated with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sonarqube.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SonarQube&lt;/a&gt;, mainly with &lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt; Java projects and, seems quite interesting to achieve the behavior suggested in the above-quoted paragraphs, so I have a few questions on that subject:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can one configure Jenkins for a build to fail when it detects some tag (e.g. &amp;quot;[WARNING]) in the log output? Fox example a deprecated API, or a Maven relocated artifact perhaps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can you actually compare if actually the amount of &amp;quot;warnings&amp;quot; has decreased from one build to another? (Considering the above described as &lt;em&gt;ratcheting&lt;/em&gt; )&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T15:20:21.693" Title="Jenkins: failing builds on warnings" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;maven&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30147" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30146" CreationDate="2017-10-18T14:41:03.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regarding question 1: You could give the &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Warnings+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Warnings Plugin&lt;/a&gt; a try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding question 2: Configure your SonarQube project, to have a &lt;em&gt;Leak Period&lt;/em&gt; since &quot;previous build&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The SonarQube Leak Period specifies the time frame of your usual development cycle. Quality Gate conditions can be specified to be specific to that time frame, to enforce your quality to &quot;get better&quot; over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you for example want, that your test coverage increases from version to version, you can set your Leak Period to &quot;since last version&quot; and define a Quality Gate condition on the leak for the coverage metric.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more about it in this &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.sonarsource.com/water-leak-changes-the-game-for-technical-debt-management/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;official statement about the Leak Paradigm&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28597" LastEditorUserId="28597" LastEditDate="2017-10-18T15:20:21.693" LastActivityDate="2017-10-18T15:20:21.693" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-18T23:29:16.563" Score="3" ViewCount="1484" Body="&lt;p&gt;An automated Selenium-webdriver / node.js test that I have used daily for years (with regular modifications) seems to be acting up in Chrome 62 on the Mac (Version 62.0.3202.62 (Official Build) (64-bit)).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every time sendkeys is used to fill out an input the chrome://settings/help tab opens up. I'm not seeing similar behavior in Firefox, and it began after Chrome auto-updated this afternoon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is anyone else seeing this behavior? &#xA;Does anyone know how to fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28603" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T10:05:48.677" Title="Chrome 62: sendkeys seems to be causing chrome://settings/help to open" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30152" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30161" CreationDate="2017-10-19T03:10:32.357" Score="0" ViewCount="2499" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do I open a Firefox browser in headless mode using Selenium ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T12:28:44.363" LastActivityDate="2019-05-15T06:19:11.320" Title="Howto use the Firefox browser in headless mode with Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30153" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30160" CreationDate="2017-10-19T07:17:41.383" Score="1" ViewCount="2592" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no requirements for this field by default in my case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) If password field accept password like 8 empty spaces in a row, is it usually considered like a bug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) If no validating for field length(it accept password of any length) is considered like a bug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this two points is bugs, they can be counted as functional bug?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28604" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:48:40.920" Title="Password field testing, few questions" Tags="&lt;functional&gt;&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;validation&gt;&lt;input-field&gt;&lt;password&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30154" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-19T08:48:39.133" Score="4" ViewCount="5992" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do have an angular Application where I also run a test &lt;code&gt;ng test --sm=false&lt;/code&gt;. It works fine and I get the result in Chrome Browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is to be able to run a headless test because the App will be loaded on a Git-Repo which is connected to Docker container etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I get a headless-browser test setup and how would this exactly work? I did a couple of search and the most of the results are talking about &lt;code&gt;phantomjs-prebuilt karma-phantomjs-launcher&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'am not sure if this is the only best approach. And also the following gitHub Repo provides a bunch of &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/dhamaniasad/HeadlessBrowsers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HeadlessBrowsers&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the changed &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;karma.conf.ts&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; code: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports = function (config) {&#xA;config.set({&#xA;    basePath: '',&#xA;    frameworks: ['jasmine', '@angular/cli'],&#xA;    plugins: [&#xA;        require('karma-jasmine'),&#xA;        require('karma-chrome-launcher'),&#xA;        require('karma-jasmine-html-reporter'),&#xA;        require('karma-coverage-istanbul-reporter'),&#xA;        require('@angular/cli/plugins/karma')&#xA;    ],&#xA;    ChromeHeadless:{&#xA;        base: 'Chrome', flags: [ '--headless', '--disable-gpu',  '--remote-debugging-port=9222' ]&#xA;    },&#xA;    client:{&#xA;        clearContext: false // leave Jasmine Spec Runner output visible in browser&#xA;    },&#xA;    coverageIstanbulReporter: {&#xA;        reports: [ 'html', 'lcovonly' ],&#xA;        fixWebpackSourcePaths: true&#xA;    },&#xA;    angularCli: {&#xA;        environment: 'dev'&#xA;    },&#xA;    reporters: ['progress', 'kjhtml'],&#xA;    port: 9876,&#xA;    colors: true,&#xA;    logLevel: config.LOG_INFO,&#xA;    autoWatch: true,&#xA;    browsers: ['ChromeHeadless'],&#xA;    singleRun: false&#xA;});&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27486" LastEditorUserId="27486" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T07:54:41.810" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T12:26:19.643" Title="How to setup a Headless-Browser Unit-Test for Angular application?`" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;angular&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30155" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30159" CreationDate="2017-10-19T10:35:03.020" Score="1" ViewCount="140" Body="&lt;p&gt;During white box testing which conditions have to be tested? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider a post request with integer data. In the function, I will convert that post data (string type) to an integer type. I am using python int() function and hence 'int' will produce value error for an alphabetical valuye and Type error for data other than string and integer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the front end, that is in HTML, the user can enter only integer data which is achieved by HTML tags.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it necessary to test the statement in white box tests with conditions that produce type and value error?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28608" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T11:31:00.217" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:44:56.337" Title="Which conditions have to cover in White box testing?" Tags="&lt;python&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30156" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30153" CreationDate="2017-10-19T10:49:54.050" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you don't have specific requirements you should design test cases based on best practices, best user experience and security.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's not a bug, because it does not behave differently from expectations (you don't have any) but allowing to create password that is weak may lead to account hijacking and information leakage which is an issue. You have to think of a password policy which might be worth to implement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It also is not a bug. It depends on how these passwords are stored in DB, which algorithms are used for hashing passwords and so on. Password length validation on front-end  should only prevent from damaging the back-end(or triggering internal server error) by using too long string (in case when in DB it was set to e.g 64 chars) or any related cases. This should also be based on password policy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say, based on description above, that these are non-functional issues, specifically security issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21382" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T10:49:54.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30157" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30158" CreationDate="2017-10-19T11:30:23.757" Score="2" ViewCount="758" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm creating a test scenario for new project and I'm wondering if it is a good idea to write Test Cases such as &quot;Access to xxxxxxx/xxxxxx-xxxxxx and verify CSS &amp;amp; HTML properties&quot; has even sense. Approach would be that the tester should open the documentation and compare whether all properties of the elements have properly values or not. Also the tester should verify if elements such as textbox are &quot;number&quot;, &quot;tel&quot; etc. indeed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not a web developer but I understand a structure of HTML &amp;amp; CSS code so - in theory - I'm able do it. Question: Is it a good/widely-known practice or not?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22433" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T19:15:22.013" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T19:20:08.323" Title="Should QA Engineer read and review code of Web application?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;code-review&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30157" CreationDate="2017-10-19T11:38:03.690" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the coding standards of the organization require that each element has a clear name and limits the data to be entered, and the test team is typically part of code reviews, then by all means include these checks with your test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the organization doesn't require controls like this, it's probably better for your interaction with the development team not to review their code. I've encountered developers who dislike testers examining their code for any reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are frameworks that will auto-generate the HTML and CSS: many of these will also generate the properties and attributes you're considering, in which case you won't get the results you're expecting from a code review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:38:03.690" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30159" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30155" CreationDate="2017-10-19T11:44:56.337" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yes&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML might prevent users entering invalid data, but that does not mean they can't bypass this easily. As a general rule you should &lt;em&gt;always&lt;/em&gt; validate user input twice: once at the client, and again at the server. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools like Postman, Fiddler, and the like will allow someone to capture the information in your form and manipulate the Post request to send other data. If you aren't properly handling invalid data, that can leave your application vulnerable to security issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your unit tests should test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;each class of valid input&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;expected invalid input (such as integers outside the expected range)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;other invalid input (such as alphabetical input, doubles, booleans, dates, system commands... the list is endless)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code should have robust error handling and return some kind of error message with the stack dump. You should be logging the stack dump, and returning a simple error message to the user.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:44:56.337" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30160" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30153" CreationDate="2017-10-19T11:48:40.920" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you don't have guidelines, you would have trouble justifying the behavior of the password field as a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I'd suggest you raise a bug and classify it as a security flaw. You can cite the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_Application_Security_Verification_Standard_Project&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OWASP security standards&lt;/a&gt; password section to justify your case, even if the application isn't a web app: any software that needs a password by definition holds some level of sensitive information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T11:48:40.920" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30161" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30152" CreationDate="2017-10-19T12:24:25.803" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is built-in to Firefox and released on September 28, 2017 (FF56.0)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Headless Firefox works on Fx55+ on Linux, and 56+ on Windows/Mac.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Firefox team has usage examples on &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox/Headless_mode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;their Headless documentation page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Their NodeJS example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver'),&#xA;    By = webdriver.By,&#xA;    until = webdriver.until;&#xA;&#xA;var firefox = require('selenium-webdriver/firefox');&#xA;var binary = new firefox.Binary(firefox.Channel.NIGHTLY);&#xA;binary.addArguments(&quot;-headless&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;var driver = new webdriver.Builder()&#xA;    .forBrowser('firefox')&#xA;    .setFirefoxOptions(new firefox.Options().setBinary(binary))&#xA;    .build();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In summary it is taking a binary that supports headless and adding the &lt;code&gt;-headless&lt;/code&gt; argument to the starting arguments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   firefoxBinary.addCommandLineOptions(&quot;--headless&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T12:24:25.803" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30162" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30157" CreationDate="2017-10-19T14:20:38.237" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a former developer, now in QA automation and occasional manual tester in the time of crunch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what follows is not a rule, but anecdote.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On few rare occasions, reading the code allowed me to see the mistake in implementation which sneaked even code review. I admit I knew that the developer was one of the weakest we have (making change suspicious) and the way test case was described lacked the clarity - but I was able to discern the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But: this is less than 1% of the cases, outlier, not a strong rule. In 99%+ cases, reading the code will be over the QA person head and waste of time. It &lt;strong&gt;might&lt;/strong&gt; make sense, but needs to be carefully evaluated. Use at your own discretion, YMMV.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T14:20:38.237" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29411" CreationDate="2017-10-19T15:17:06.503" Score="6" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Open Source:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a developer at Cypress.io. Cypress recently released its public beta and is now open source. The code for it's core product, the Test Runner can be found &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cypress-io/cypress&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Cypress Dashboard Service, used to display test recordings and data when tests are run in CI, will be free for open source projects and paid based on usage for private projects (similar to GitHub). We've tried to be as transparent as possible on our &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cypress.io/pricing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;pricing here&lt;/a&gt;. You can also contact us directly if you have more questions - support@cypress.io. We are currently doing some pricing discovery before we release exact pricing, but it will be similar to other development tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Cross Browser Support&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We agree that cross browser support is less of a priority than it used to be, but we still intend to have cross browser support. It is on our roadmap which can be found in our documentation and GitHub repo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have many things on our roadmap for the future and are extremely excited with the contributions we've seen so far after open sourcing. Mostly, we encourage you to just try it out. &lt;code&gt;npm install cypress --save-dev&lt;/code&gt; - It takes 5 minutes to get your tests up and running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28618" LastEditorUserId="28618" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T21:24:50.207" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T21:24:50.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30157" CreationDate="2017-10-19T16:02:08.230" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;On the team I currently work on, we're agile-ish, and I participate in code reviews.  Definitely not 100% of the time, but I definitely catch bugs and implementation issues (as well as code quality issues) in the review process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the case you describe though, where it sounds like you have test cases written that are meant to almost be instruction like for someone else, then it sounds a little heavy.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like if there's a type discrepancy or what not in a form, that would come out during functional/manual testing (and likely be noted more quickly there than someone struggling to read code when it's not their forté), or if you've got any automation, the automation folks would notice bad IDs or what not while automating.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T16:02:08.230" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30137" CreationDate="2017-10-19T16:04:02.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the problem was caused by a limited data set being loaded, with more data loaded when the users scrolls, I will answer with the code I use to scroll with Javascript execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following code is for Selenium C#.NET.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bool Scroll(IWebElement scrollContainer, bool up)&#xA;{&#xA;    // Initialize the script&#xA;    string scrollScript = System.IO.File.ReadAllText(&quot;ScrollHelper.js&quot;);&#xA;    if (up)&#xA;    {&#xA;        scrollScript += $&quot; return scrollUp(arguments[0])&quot;;&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;        scrollScript += $&quot; return scrollDown(arguments[0])&quot;;&#xA;    }&#xA;    IJavaScriptExecutor executor = (IJavaScriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;&#xA;    // Scroll - if the scrollContainer.scrollTop value isn't changed, return false&#xA;    // This means the scroll didn't occur - there may be no more data to load&#xA;    return (bool)executor.ExecuteScript(scrollScript, scrollContainer);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the ScrollHelper.js Javascript file with the methods to be read in above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// Scroll so that the top of the container is now where the bottom was&#xA;function scrollDown(container) {&#xA;    var initHeight = container.scrollHeight;&#xA;    var initTop = container.scrollTop;&#xA;    container.scrollTop = initHeight;&#xA;    var scrolled = initTop != container.scrollTop;&#xA;    return scrolled;&#xA;}&#xA;// Scroll so that the bottom of the container is now where the top was&#xA;function scrollUp(container) {&#xA;    var initTop = container.scrollTop;&#xA;    var initHeight = container.scrollHeight;&#xA;    container.scrollTop = initTop - initHeight;&#xA;    var scrolled = initTop != container.scrollTop;&#xA;    return scrolled;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could also opt to just include the Javascript as a string in the Scroll() method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might have to try a few different elements to determine which is scrollable, but my best guess would be this one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;md-virtual-repeat-scroller&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Locate that and then pass it into the Scroll() method along with the direction you want to scroll.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastEditorUserId="23440" LastEditDate="2017-10-19T17:13:24.477" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T17:13:24.477" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30150" CreationDate="2017-10-19T16:55:55.703" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Chromedriver 2.33 solves this issue. Fix works both for Nightwatch, too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most issues I come across like this, changing the Chromedriver even temporarily can sort it.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T16:55:55.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30157" CreationDate="2017-10-19T19:20:08.323" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No, test-cases are about behaviour not implementation. The implementation could change, but most often the behaviour would stay the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coupling test cases to implementation would mean you need to change the test-cases every-time you &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/books/refactoring.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;refactor&lt;/a&gt; the code. This is an anti-pattern. So don't specifically use test-cases to check how the application was implemented.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To your second question should QA have a look at the code. Sure, but beware that you do not add an extra level code reviews, certainly not reviews that have already been executed. Just like test coverage, try to cover each path with just enough effort.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sounds OK to execute a bit of code-reviews during exploratory testing sessions though. Just to make sure it is not one big untestable mess. :) Maybe you are confusing test-cases with a test-process. In the quality process code-reviews are a must most of the times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-10-19T19:20:08.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30168" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-20T06:55:33.877" Score="0" ViewCount="425" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to selenium and C#. I need help. Thanks&#xA;How to check if username exists before adding in the system using Selenium Webdriver and C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28641" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T08:59:42.220" Title="How to check if username exist before adding in the system using Selenium Webdriver and C#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-20T12:28:52.020" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30154" CreationDate="2017-10-20T06:55:39.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Angular has some great tooling for running tests, namely Karma and Protractor. By default (at least when using Angular CLI) they run using Chrome. So when you execute the tests from command-line, it will pop open a browser window where the tests execute. This works well enough, but sometimes you either don’t want to see that browser window pop open or you are running the tests in an environment where there is no graphical environment (on a CI server or a Docker container for example).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is nothing new in running Karma tests without a browser window, you have been able to do it with PhantomJS by installing the karma-phantomjs-launcher. PhantomJS has been good enough solution for this, but you might encounter some issues every now and then and need to add some additional polyfills etc. But Chrome now has the ability to run in headless mode since version 59, so you can use it to run tests without needing to install any additional packages and with a more standard environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Conf your Karma&#xA;Whether you have a Karma config generated with Angular CLI or one that you have created manually, you can use a config option called customLaunchers to create a new launcher based on an existing one by defining additional flags for it. This works equally with older AngularJS v1.x projects as well as newer Angular v2.x-4.x projects. To use Chrome in headless mode, you need to add the following section to your karma.conf.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;customLaunchers: {&#xA;  ChromeHeadless: {&#xA;    base: 'Chrome',&#xA;    flags: [&#xA;      '--headless',&#xA;      '--disable-gpu',&#xA;      // Without a remote debugging port, Google Chrome exits immediately.&#xA;      '--remote-debugging-port=9222',&#xA;    ],&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note, depending on your Chrome version, the --disable-gpu flag might not be needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can replace whatever you had in the browsers section (either ‘Chrome’ or ‘PhantomJS’ etc.) with ChromeHeadless. That’s it, after that you can enjoy running your tests without any browser window popping up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;E2E tests with Protractor&#xA;Running E2E tests in headless mode has been a bit more difficult, since it has not worked very nicely with PhantomJS. Basically your only option has been to run Chrome in Xvfb (that’s X virtual framebuffer in case you were wondering). But now it’s as simple as adding a few lines to your protractor.conf.js to also run your E2E tests in headless mode. You need to add the following options under the capabilities key (where you should already have browserName: 'chrome'):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;chromeOptions: {&#xA;  args: [ &quot;--headless&quot;, &quot;--disable-gpu&quot;, &quot;--window-size=800x600&quot; ]&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See this Gist for full examples of both karma.conf.js and protractor.conf.js (both files generated by Angular CLI with only the changes described above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastEditorUserId="30825" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T12:26:19.643" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T12:26:19.643" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30170" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30168" CreationDate="2017-10-20T08:59:42.220" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Two choices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Black box.  If you don't have access to the program environment and don't have the ability to check behind the scene with database calls then you need to do what a regular user would do - use the system.  Write a test that tries to a user and verify that you get the error message that the user already exists.  If necessary use the web interface to add a user and then use it again to try adding the user again and verify that you get the user already exists error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;White Box.  If you have at least some access to program internals or the database you can use those approaches to check if a user exists or add a user as desired before using the web application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T08:59:42.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30171" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30154" CreationDate="2017-10-20T09:02:15.137" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You just ask karma to run Chrome headless. It's no longer necessary to create it out of ChromeOptions&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are the first few lines from my karma.conf.js&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports = function (config) {&#xA;    config.set({&#xA;        browsers: ['ChromeHeadless'], // Chrome ChromeHeadless&#xA;        ....&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You get this with the &lt;code&gt;karma-chrome-launcher&lt;/code&gt;, which it sounds like you already have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, if you have something more special, feel free to do this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports = function(config) {&#xA;  config.set({&#xA;    browsers: ['Chrome_rtl_for_some_reason'],&#xA;&#xA;    customLaunchers: {&#xA;      Chrome_rtl_for_some_reason: {&#xA;        base: 'Chrome',&#xA;        flags: ['--rtl']&#xA;      }&#xA;    }&#xA;  });&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8929" LastEditorUserId="8929" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T09:08:59.307" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T09:08:59.307" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13059" CreationDate="2017-10-20T11:32:00.373" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;** you didnt use in features line. you must use &quot;/&quot; in after cucumber **&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    format = {&quot;pretty&quot;, &quot;json:target/cucumber.json&quot;},&#xA;&#xA;    features = {&quot;/src/test/java/com/project/cucumber/&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28644" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T11:32:00.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30173" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-10-20T14:07:12.990" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Questions about using Cypress.io, a testing framework for testing anything that runs in a browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28618" LastEditorUserId="39849" LastEditDate="2019-06-03T05:22:54.450" LastActivityDate="2019-06-03T05:22:54.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30174" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-10-20T14:07:12.990" Score="0" Body="Questions about using Cypress.io, an open source tool for testing anything that runs in a browser." OwnerUserId="28618" LastEditorUserId="28618" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T15:32:28.607" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T15:32:28.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30175" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30181" CreationDate="2017-10-20T15:19:15.350" Score="-1" ViewCount="930" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started in the world of QA about 1 year ago and I started as a QA tester. But for almost 6 months ago, I started with the automation testings. I started with selenium and behat. In my company they were so enthusiastic with the idea of using behat because it works with php. However, as far as I can see most of the documentation found in internet and in forums, most of the automation testers work with Java or Python. So, the question is: shall I start programming with whether java or python? or Shall I continue with Behat? and between java and python, which is the best for automation? &#xA;Fact: I was using behat as well because most of the developers have more facility on using php lenguage instead of Java. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This question started because I'm trying to do some automated mobile devices tests and trying to find behat documentation is really hard. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27163" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T21:54:16.420" Title="Behat, Java or Python" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;behat&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-25T05:26:49.220" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30176" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30175" CreationDate="2017-10-20T15:36:15.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Python is widely considered best first language for beginners. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the reason is it's killer feature: interactive python, which allows you to learn the language one line at a time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hashcollision.org/hkn/python/idle_intro/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.hashcollision.org/hkn/python/idle_intro/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, Python is object-oriented but not object-obsessed like Java is. For beginners, simple procedural programming, or simple data literals which Python provides are &lt;strong&gt;much&lt;/strong&gt; easier to understand than Java's. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Third strike is reading/writing to files.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Python, reading is as simple as &lt;code&gt;for line in open(filename):&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Java you have few dozens of types of files to comprehend.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus strike: Python debugger &lt;code&gt;pdb&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In any place your code is in troubles, you can &lt;code&gt;import pdb;pdb.set_trace()&lt;/code&gt; and you get python debugger which allows you to inspect objects exactly as they are (not as you think they should be). This feature alone saves me few hours every week.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I programmed in many languages starting with Algol 60, including PL/1, Forth, Prolog, Perl, Java, C# and Python. After Python, I could not return to working full time in C# (which is close to Java) because I am at least 3 times more productive in Python. It was just too much pain to do myself in C# what Python does for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many similar questions in this forum, learn to use search and Google. Your question will be likely closed soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python is especially good for browser automation (better than Java), because Java is optimized for efficient code (makes programmer to explicitly express many things which Python does for you). Python is optimized for efficient use of programmer's time (making coding efforts more productive).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Efficiency of the executed code is almost irrelevant in testing website, because most of the time is spent on webpages loads/processing. If 90% of the time is outside of your control, even if you cut remaining 10% to zero (which you cannot), you will save only 10% of the total time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T17:16:29.240" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T17:16:29.240" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30175" CreationDate="2017-10-20T15:51:14.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Python is a great first language and very easy to learn but for automation I'd go with Java. It's still easy enough to learn and there's plenty of tutorials online to help. There's so much more documentation out there for Java for Selenium/Appium I've found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if really comes back to what you feel more comfortable with, do some quick intros to both and see which you prefer. Usually I'd say lean towards what your developers know better but if they don't go much past PHP then not too helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T15:51:14.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30178" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-20T17:03:05.227" Score="10" ViewCount="919" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to the &lt;code&gt;WebKit&lt;/code&gt; documentation for &lt;code&gt;Safari 10&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;When running a WebDriver test in Safari, test execution is confined&#xA;  to special Automation windows that are isolated from normal browsing&#xA;  windows, user settings, and preferences. Automation windows are easy&#xA;  to recognize by their orange Smart Search field.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that version of the browser I was able to run automation for &lt;code&gt;Safari&lt;/code&gt; without the 'glass pane' by doing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver'),&#xA;    safari = require('selenium-webdriver/safari');&#xA;    driver = new webdriver.Builder()&#xA;    .forBrowser('safari')&#xA;    .usingServer('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub') // this previous avoided the glass pane&#xA;    .build(); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that the reason this worked was that starting the &lt;code&gt;Webdriver&lt;/code&gt; and using the &lt;code&gt;Selenium&lt;/code&gt; standalone server hub and &lt;code&gt;SafariDriver&lt;/code&gt; extension allowed this for remote automation as part of &lt;code&gt;Selenium Grid&lt;/code&gt;. It no longer seems to work in &lt;code&gt;Safari 11&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The statement in the documentation:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;The automaticInspection capability will preload the Web Inspector and&#xA;  JavaScript debugger in the background; to pause test execution and&#xA;  bring up Web Inspector’s Debugger tab, you can simply evaluate a&#xA;  debugger; statement in the test page.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would be useful but I take that to mean that I need to add debugging statements to the source code, which is not something QA is empowered to do in my situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to use &lt;code&gt;Selenium&lt;/code&gt; to automate testing in &lt;code&gt;Safari 11&lt;/code&gt; without the 'glass pane' AT ALL? Any reading I might need to do is welcomed; there are far too many problems that I am encountering when running in glass pane to make fixing each of those an efficient way forward.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28603" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-05-08T10:12:16.757" LastActivityDate="2021-01-11T07:33:47.280" Title="Is there a way to use Selenium 3 to automate testing in Safari 11 without the 'glass pane'?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium3&gt;&lt;safaridriver&gt;&lt;safari&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30179" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-20T18:28:17.713" Score="4" ViewCount="334" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't believe any other Selenium-compatible language supports promises which seems like a game-changer when it comes to dealing with waits.  Since no other Selenium-compatible language supports this, why would anyone use another language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="266" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T09:34:13.640" Title="Does WebDriverJS/WebDriverIO promises make javascript the language of choice for Selenium?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30179" CreationDate="2017-10-20T18:54:19.900" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;TL;DR: convenience of programmers not the only deciding factor when selecting the implementation language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Promises are necessary when programming page events and response to asynchronous AJAX calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for browser automation testing (which is supposed to mimic user's interaction with a page), they are not necessary at all. User usually initiates an action, waits for the results, and then initiates another action depending on the results. User rarely starts two different actions simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;strong&gt;for mimicking the user, rich library of waits&lt;/strong&gt; is more helpful, like Python's ExpectedConditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, asynchronous processing is much harder to reason about. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because debugging code is twice as hard as writing it, if you write code as clever as you can, by definition you are unable to debug it :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So promises are clever and necessary evil for GUI developers, but for test automation they add superfluous complexity. Asynchronicity adds value for GUI, but &lt;strong&gt;in test automation, maintainability and code flexibility&lt;/strong&gt; is much more important, IMHO (to deliver reliable tests for a lower cost).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, JavaScript is far from preferred language for many teams, and if you have few thousands test written and maintained for your application in different language, there is little value of throwing it all out of the window and start with JavaScript. For team starting on a green field, limiting to single language for both GUI development and automated tests &lt;strong&gt;might&lt;/strong&gt; make sense, but for legacy projects - not so much.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And Python is also excellent language (superior to JavaScript, IMHO) to automate text parsing, system administration etc, which are important part of test automation. I do not see benefits of switching all these tasks to JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JavaScript is slowly improving, and it is likely here to stay for GUI development for a long time, but Python is likely the closest language to the one programmers will be using 100 years from now: read &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/hundred.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Hundred Year Language&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Graham_(computer_programmer)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Paul Graham&lt;/a&gt; who coined the term &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paulgraham.com/avg.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;blub paradox&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - btw this article is promoting Lisp, not Python, but also worth a read.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not rejecting promises (it is a clever concept and very useful for even-driven programming), but reliability of automated tests requires different concepts, like data-driven programming.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our GUI developers are creating some unit tests in Protractor, but we feel that Python is better fit for most of the other test automation tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another aspect: &lt;strong&gt;duplication of effort is acceptable if quality is extra important&lt;/strong&gt;, like in aviation: many aviation components use two sets of processor, from different manufacturers and programmed by two different teams in two different languages, to detect subtle misunderstanding in requirements, undetected errors in CPU, interfaces, etc. In such situation, using different language for testing would be not just an option, but a &lt;strong&gt;requirement&lt;/strong&gt;. In a similar way, one of my friend was using C++ (for speed) when writing Wall Street trading algorithms, but scripting language for testing them (for productivity). I hope nuclear power stations are handled like this too, but have no personal experiences with it :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T19:28:55.000" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T19:28:55.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30175" CreationDate="2017-10-20T21:34:57.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Behat is an implementation of the Gherkin syntax for PHP. Each language has its own implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Pyhton: &lt;a href=&quot;http://pythonhosted.org/behave/tutorial.html#features&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://pythonhosted.org/behave/tutorial.html#features&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Java: CucumberJVM or JBehave&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;.Net C#: Specflow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JavaScript: CucumberJS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ruby: Cucumber (this was the original I think)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can use the concepts of Behat with each other language you learn in the future. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cucumber.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://cucumber.io/&lt;/a&gt; now has bindings for most languages nowadays, Also PHP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for programming languages this is very oppionated, but my favorite is JavaScript as it is the language of the web. Everyone is forced to use it and it’s a really interesting and growing language. Also it supports most programming paradigms :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For mobile testing have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://appium.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://appium.io&lt;/a&gt; , as it is THE mobile testing framework of this moment. Looks like Selenium, uses JavaScript. You should be able to combine it with CucumberJS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-10-20T21:54:16.420" LastActivityDate="2017-10-20T21:54:16.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30183" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30179" CreationDate="2017-10-21T09:34:13.640" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Why would anyone use another language?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Documentation and number of answered questions on sites like stackoverflow. Languages like Java give much better search results. We use JavaScript and WebDriverJS, but sometimes it is hard to find an answer when you are stuck.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Promises are a game-changer when it comes to dealing with waits&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, but not per se a positive one. Promises could lead to deep nesting or you have to add the await/async keyword everywhere. It adds an extra complexity to coding that most test engineers do not have a good understanding of, although this is getting better due to the increased use of modern JS frameworks in teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To handle the new complexity the WebDriverJS team added a promise manager, which they are now &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/2969&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;going to remove&lt;/a&gt; in the near future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I think a procedural flow for tests is fine and maybe even better, because it is easier to grasp. Just like Peter described in his answer. Users do not do their actions async on a website. They click and wait.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T09:34:13.640" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30184" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26412" CreationDate="2017-10-21T23:53:01.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it has never been added, the answer has been given here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43035806/how-do-i-save-jmeter-variables-created-at-runtime-specifically-a-snippet-of-js/43037917#43037917&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43035806/how-do-i-save-jmeter-variables-created-at-runtime-specifically-a-snippet-of-js/43037917#43037917&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And see manual on &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/listeners.html#sample_variables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Sample variable&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-10-21T23:53:01.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30185" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30186" CreationDate="2017-10-22T18:23:57.220" Score="6" ViewCount="1701" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for some clarity on how to approach API testing holistically, I have a project to automate a Restful web service, containing 2 controllers(foo &amp;amp; bar) with a collective sum of around ~30 calls available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some implications - There are no test cases written for this, so I'm not coming along and automating what is already existing, I have to write those cases myself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have added integration capabilities into my test framework already and did all the heavy lifting, so now I'm just left with my internal service which takes an object, parses it to json and using rest assured makes the calls, returing me the response, here is a small example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test&#xA;@Step&#xA;@Severity(SeverityLevel.CRITICAL)&#xA;@TmsLink(&quot;19793&quot;)&#xA;@DisplayName(&quot;SaveCourse: User can add a new course&quot;)&#xA;public void savecourse_user_can_add_a_new_course_successfully_returns_200() {    &#xA;    log.info(&quot;-- Test: Successfully adding a new course --&quot;);&#xA;    Course c = new Course(0, data.randomString(20), data.randomString(20), 0, 1, false);&#xA;    Response response = ets.saveCourse(c, statusOK);&#xA;    resultModel = new GeneralResultModel(false, ets.getCourseSuccessfullySaved(), response.path(&quot;Result&quot;).toString(), null);&#xA;    GeneralResultModel result = response.as((GeneralResultModel.class));&#xA;    assertThat(resultModel).isEqualTo(result);      &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets consider the saveCourse takes a course object(JSON) in the request and lets assume it contains the following information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;id (long)&#xA;name (String)&#xA;description (string)&#xA;locationId (long)&#xA;iconId (long)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Payload example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;    &quot;id&quot;: 0,&#xA;    &quot;Name&quot;: &quot;abc;&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;Description&quot;: &quot;aa&quot;,&#xA;    &quot;locationId &quot;: 0,&#xA;    &quot;iconId &quot;: 1&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When crafting JSON requests for this call for the controller to handle, how do we best approach this for test case derivation that isn't bordering on insanity? I could think of hundreds of combinations and invalid data types, sql injection, xss, empty, duplicates etc! the list could go on forever here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we, as testers best approach this to cover the API to a good level while maintaining its security etc.  Worth noting that this API is a private API and just used with a front end in a micro service setup.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastEditorUserId="18814" LastEditDate="2017-10-22T20:21:26.740" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T05:52:34.173" Title="How do we as testers best approach API test cases without entering the realm of insanity?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30185" CreationDate="2017-10-22T21:37:54.803" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most of the question (and answer) isn't specific to API testing; combinatorial explosion is a problem whenever you have a function that takes multiple inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, first, you'd need to understand how the API interacts with the backend service.  Is it actually doing anything, or is it just passing a call on to some other program?  If so, was any testing of that program done?  If the other program has been tested, you may want to take the risk of doing minimal testing of the API, and just verify that the data that you get back from the program is the same as you get from the API call.  If the API call is doing compositing or the like, or the function hasn't been tested before, you can't take this approach.  Also, note that exposing an internal function to the outside world may change how, or how often, it gets used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you've decided you do need to test the API call, then you'd test it like you'd test any function with many inputs.  You'd want to test limits and null values for each input, and some expected good inputs as well.  You'd want to specifically test any documented requirements (ie, input X should always return Y, or always throw an exception).  And then you have to worry about the combinatorial explosion issue; for that, I'd first point you here:  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5690/should-a-formal-test-plan-for-dynamic-string-testing-include-all-combinations?rq=1&quot;&gt;Should A Formal Test Plan For Dynamic String Testing Include All Combinations?&lt;/a&gt;.  Then, I'd suggest looking into combinatorial test design if you feel the need to go further.  But realize that the more inputs that are required to trigger a bug, the less likely it is for that bug to be hit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond that, you also may need to worry about different access patterns/response time requirements than the function itself had.  You probably should do some amount of performance testing, to find bottlenecks.  You may want to do security testing, but I'd argue that that's better for specialized security testers to do.  How far to go in any of these areas depends on how important the REST API is, what data it's protecting, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T14:21:35.880" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T14:21:35.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30187" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3021" CreationDate="2017-10-23T04:26:36.260" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On a Linux machine, you can direct Pybot to save log files to a different &#xA;folder which is time-stamped:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;-d results/result-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H-%M-%S)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28672" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T11:52:39.037" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T11:52:39.037" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29161" CreationDate="2017-10-23T05:20:35.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;With an earlier version of selenium 2.11 we had option OperaDriverSettings object to set opera binary path&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;OperaDriverSettings settings = new OperaDriverSettings();&#xA;settings.setOperaBinaryLocation(&quot;/path/to/opera&quot;);&#xA;WebDriver driver = new OperaDriver(settings);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since around selenium 2.15, the OperaDriverSettings object doesn't exist..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;another option is Setting OPERA_PATH as an environment variable but it is not  working for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so i think when you open opera browser with selenium you must need to set binary path as follow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.opera.driver&quot;,&quot;path to opera driver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    OperaOptions options = new OperaOptions();&#xA;    options.setBinary(new File(&quot;path to opera binary&quot;));&#xA;    OperaDriver driver = new OperaDriver(options);&#xA;    WebDriver webDriver = driver;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;URL&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if you remove set binary code line you will get &quot;org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: cannot find Opera binary&quot; error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T05:20:35.757" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30189" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30337" CreationDate="2017-10-23T07:34:39.367" Score="0" ViewCount="524" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to run my test case through chrome,Firefox and IE browsers in same time&#xA;so how can i open two or more browsers using one single instance of Webdiver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T12:23:08.953" Title="Open Browsers using Selenium WebDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30189" CreationDate="2017-10-23T10:35:37.540" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In case of &lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt;, which is almost a webdriver implementation for Angular based website automation, you can open multiple browsers at the same time , using &lt;code&gt;multicapabilities&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;conf.js&lt;/code&gt; file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/browser-setup.md#testing-against-multiple-browsers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; for further reference&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T10:35:37.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30196" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-23T13:10:35.730" Score="3" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;We want to ensure decent keyboard navigation for our products. Currently, this is a manual test we perform. Are there any tools that can assist in this task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can imagine a visual representation of the tab order which helps to inspect the order of an entire dialog at a glance. Something like a graph connecting the various input fields in tab order.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Similarly, is there something to test access-keys as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22362" LastActivityDate="2018-12-29T02:02:15.477" Title="Is there a tool to test the tab order of desktop applications?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30197" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-23T13:24:29.097" Score="2" ViewCount="715" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm facing problem with assigning the CSV file on the basis of loop count, not on the basis of thread count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example -&gt; &lt;code&gt;address1.csv, address2.csv......addressn.csv&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So it is very easy to do the same using &lt;code&gt;${__threadNum}&lt;/code&gt; function (already tried and know about this but our requirement deals with loop count ) But i want do it on basis of loop Count like 1,2 .....n&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-10-24T07:20:55.827" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T07:20:55.827" Title="How to assign CSV file without using ${__threadNum} in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30197" CreationDate="2017-10-23T13:39:27.943" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__counter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__counter() function&lt;/a&gt; just the same way you're using &lt;code&gt;__threadNum()&lt;/code&gt; function. The &lt;code&gt;__counter()&lt;/code&gt; function generates an incremented number each time it's being called. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Another option is going for &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Counter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Counter&lt;/a&gt; test element, if you put it inside your loop you will be able to refer incremented value by reference name. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-use-counter-jmeter-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Use a Counter in a JMeter Test&lt;/a&gt; for more details. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware of &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/Functions/#iterationNumsupfont-color-gray-size-1-since-1-2-1-font-sup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__iterationNum() function&lt;/a&gt;, it returns current &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; loop number. If this is something you're looking for - you can install this function via &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PluginsManager/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; as a part of &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/Functions/#Custom-JMeter-Functions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Custom JMeter Functions&lt;/a&gt; bundle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Iw5Y1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Iw5Y1.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Plugins Manager - Custom JMeter Functions&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T13:39:27.943" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30200" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30338" CreationDate="2017-10-23T15:09:47.163" Score="2" ViewCount="3299" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am developing a test suite for one of my company's products- the product has been written in AngularJS, and I am using Protractor as the testing tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having never really used automated testing before, I am still getting to grips with how it works, but have successfully designed and implemented a few tests which pass/ fail correctly based on the criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am currently writing a number of tests for testing the navigation across all pages of the application, but have encountered an issue when navigating to one particular page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The page in question is titled 'Charts', and the issue I'm having is this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the user/ test script navigates to this page, a dialog is automatically opened presenting options for creating/ editing a chart- obviously, as a user, I can just click the 'cancel' button on this dialog and be taken to the page I was intending to go to, however, I'm having a bit of trouble getting the test script to replicate this...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What I've written so far for this test is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('should navigate to the Charts page', function() {&#xA;    browser.waitForAngularEnabled(false);&#xA;    browser.actions().mouseMove(chartsMenuBtn).perform();&#xA;    chartsMenuBtn.click();&#xA;    expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toBe('http://192.168.1.212:8080/#/charts');&#xA;    // Get the Chart config form's cancel button, in order to close the config form when it opens automatically when browsing to this page, so that other menu buttons are then accessible&#xA;    var editGraphForm = element(by.id('chartConfigForm'));&#xA;    //var formCancelBtn = element(by.id(&#xA;    //dialogMgr.closeAll();&#xA;    browser.executeAsyncScript(&#xA;        closeDlg());&#xA;    expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toBe('http://192.168.1.212:8080/#/charts')&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and the &lt;code&gt;closeDlg()&lt;/code&gt; function called within this test is defined with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function closeDlg(){&#xA;    //currentOpenDlg = browser.findElement(By.id('chartConfigForm'));&#xA;    browser.waitForAngularEnabled(true);&#xA;    var editGraphForm = element(by.id('chartConfigForm'));&#xA;    var closeDlgBtn = editGraphForm.element(By.id('editGraphCancelBtn'));&#xA;    browser.actions().mouseMove(closeDlgBtn).perform();&#xA;    closeDlgBtn.click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, when I run the test, and get to the point where the browser navigates to the 'Charts' page, the dialog box opens automatically, and then, as I'm stepping through the test (I have called &lt;code&gt;browser.pause();&lt;/code&gt; between each step of the test, so that I have to manually tell it to continue after each step), I get a message in the console where I'm running the test from that says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;A Jasmine spec timed out. Resetting the WebDriver Control Flow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and as I try to continue to step through the test, it appears to be running each of the steps, but the dialog box is never closed, and I eventually get to the end of the test, and a message is displayed stating:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;9 specs, 5 failures&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I scroll back up through the console, I can see that the reasons given for the failures are things like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: unknown error: Element ... is not clickable at point (40, 373). Other element would receive the click: ...&#xA;        (Session info: chrome=61.0.3163.100)&#xA;        (Driver info: chromedriver=2.33.506120 (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f),platform=Windows NT 10.0.15063 x86_64)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Error: Timeout - Async callback was not invoked within timeout specified by jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Failed: element not visible&#xA;        (Session info: chrome=61.0.3163.100)&#xA;        (Driver info: chromedriver=2.33.506120 (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f),platform=Windows NT 10.0.15063 x86_64)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It appears that my tests are trying to continue running, despite the fact that the dialog has not yet been closed, and so none of the required elements are visible... How can I automate clicking the 'Cancel' button on the dialog as part of my test script, so that the rest of the tests can continue running? I am expecting this to be done by the &lt;code&gt;closeDlg()&lt;/code&gt; function that I'm calling from within the script, but it doesn't appear to actually be closing the dialog... any suggestions why?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2017-10-24T07:54:56.173" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T09:48:33.653" Title="AngularJS testing using Protractor- how to close a dialog that opens automatically in order to continue with tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30201" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="35671" CreationDate="2017-10-23T15:23:47.130" Score="0" ViewCount="279" Body="&lt;p&gt;My project is a CRUD web application written in PHP and React, with user panel and admin panel. We were just assigned a manual tester and I (as the project's Lead Developer, and a person responsible to make our software development process work) never worked with a tester, and I'm wondering how to cooperate with her most effectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I mean, let's say I give her a frozen copy of our system and initially she tests all of it thoroughly. We apply no new changes to her copy until she finishes (cause then her tests would no longer be up-to-date).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then we fix some bugs she discovers, add some new features... and I'm wondering if she should test only the areas of the system where new features/bug fixes where applied or should she test all of the system all over again? Because quite often when you introduce a new feature, accidentally you break something on the very opposite side of the system... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And even if we say this is rare and we decide: Mrs Manual Tester, we did fix bug number 1 and 2, and we introduced new features A and B... We need to give her some copy of the site where this changes are applied, and which will stay closed to new changes until she finishes her test (because introducing new changes in-between of her testing process will render her tests out-of-date and confuse her). I wonder how actual teams do it... Should the the tester be skilled enough to use version control system on a local server and just check out a particular commit and stay there until the end of the test? Or should she perform it on a staging copy of the website, managed by someone else? Because it resembles the live copy the most, as it's running on the same remote server...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to do some reading on this on the internet but it seems the articles I find are too theoretical or looking at it from a different perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28683" LastActivityDate="2018-09-18T09:12:14.633" Title="How to incorporate manual testing into an existing project" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30202" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30200" CreationDate="2017-10-23T15:28:37.153" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/api?view=webdriver.WebDriver.prototype.executeAsyncScript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.executeAsyncScript()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;expects a function to execute a callback when it is done&lt;/em&gt;. In your case, it never does - hence the timeout-ing test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, you don't need &lt;code&gt;executeAsyncScript()&lt;/code&gt; here at all - you don't want your &lt;code&gt;closeDlg()&lt;/code&gt; function to be executed in the browser, you want it to be executed in Protractor, just call it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var editGraphForm = element(by.id('chartConfigForm'));&#xA;closeDlg();&#xA;expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toBe('http://192.168.1.212:8080/#/charts')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T15:28:37.153" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30204" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30200" CreationDate="2017-10-23T16:03:30.033" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Per your failure logs, you are using Chrome version 61+ and Chromedriver version 2.33. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if this is impacted by this &lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=1852#c5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bug&lt;/a&gt; in Chromedriver, where the element which is not on the viewport was not being scrolled in. I was impacted by this issue and updating to 2.34 resolved this issue. Can you try this one.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T16:03:30.033" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30206" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-23T17:31:35.557" Score="0" ViewCount="1601" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm creating a &lt;code&gt;Thread Group&lt;/code&gt;, and before sample execution want to seed the database with test data. According to the JMeter manual, I need &lt;code&gt;JDBC pre-processor&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I insert multiple insert queries into the &lt;code&gt;pre-processor&lt;/code&gt; but it looks like it doesn't create an entry in database. I tried to replace the &lt;code&gt;pre-processor&lt;/code&gt; with multiple samples - and everything is fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can JMeter &lt;code&gt;pre-processors&lt;/code&gt; receive multiple &lt;code&gt;INSERT&lt;/code&gt; queries?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26669" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-10-24T11:30:23.297" LastActivityDate="2021-04-07T18:04:20.543" Title="Can JMeter JDBC pre-processor accept multiple Insert queries?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30207" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-23T18:42:48.743" Score="1" ViewCount="4281" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't get Python to select &quot;Buy&quot; from the drop down menu:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; aria-pressed=&quot;false&quot; class=&quot;td-wb-dropdown__item-content&quot; data-ng-click=&quot;tdWbDropdownItemController.select()&quot; data-td-wb-transclude=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span data-ng-bind=&quot;'trading.order.common.ACTION_' + item | translate&quot;&amp;gt;Buy&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;select = Select(browser.find_element_by_class_name('td-wb-dropdown__item-content'))&#xA;select.select_by_index(1)&#xA;select.select_by_visible_text(&quot;Buy&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Select only works on &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;select&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; elements, not on &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'm able to click on a drop down itself. However, I'm just unsure how to select my option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Tsymbol = browser.find_element_by_class_name('td-wb-dropdown__placeholder') # Clicking on BUY/SELL&#xA;Tsymbol.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28684" LastEditorUserId="28684" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T19:26:59.463" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T20:11:07.367" Title="Python Selenium, Drop Down" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30208" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30207" CreationDate="2017-10-23T18:45:45.170" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Listen to your compiler, &lt;strong&gt;and trust it&lt;/strong&gt;. It told you &lt;strong&gt;exactly why&lt;/strong&gt; your code does not work. :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't use &lt;code&gt;Select(&lt;/code&gt; part. Just find element by class name - use browser's method directly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another trick is to find element&lt;strong&gt;s&lt;/strong&gt;, and check if any are present (returned list is not empty).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-10-23T20:11:07.367" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T20:11:07.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30209" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30207" CreationDate="2017-10-23T19:46:28.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Got it solved, thank you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[text()='Buy']&quot;).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28684" LastActivityDate="2017-10-23T19:46:28.807" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30211" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30206" CreationDate="2017-10-24T05:34:22.833" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;JMeter JDBC Test Elements execute &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/sql/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SQL queries&lt;/a&gt;, any correct SQL query will be executed. Current design is &quot;one element - one query&quot;, however you can try using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_union.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UNION&lt;/a&gt; operator to merge 2 or more queries into one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JDBC Test Elements can also be parameterised like any other test elements so you can call i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JDBC_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JDBC Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler multiple times and each time send to it different data via &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733689-Using-CSV-DATA-SET-CONFIG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you need to populate the database with test data I would recommend going for &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#setUp_Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;setUp Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T05:34:22.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30212" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-24T05:36:46.840" Score="1" ViewCount="77" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using django python framework for building web application. I am new to testing and i have lot of doubts. Consider my statements below and please let me know whether am i right or not?&#xA;Consider i am reading a input called frequency in three ways&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Read it from user through the website input field. Here i have to test the condition that frequency is invalid other than integer. Here is a chance of alter the field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If it is read from a file, i also have to test invalid condition since there is a chance to alter the data in the file.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;At last consider it read from a database ( data inserted from an other function, and it ensure the inserted data is integer). Here, should i check for the invalid condition? Is there any chance to alter the data in the table due to any attack or virus? Am i required test the invalid condition?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit : It is to mention that i am doing unit testing. Now i am testing functions which are not checked for any standard and guidelines for coding. So its my duty to do all checks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;consider two functions, function1 will read devicename &amp;amp; parameter from user through website and insert the data into device table (devicename, parameter &amp;amp; status), status is calculated by comparing the parameter value. status can be red, yellow or green. i am using mysql and all fields are varchar type. parameter should be an integer and hence i ensure it in func1 before inserting it to table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The function2 just read the device table and display the devicename, parameter &amp;amp; status on another web page. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;checklist for testing of func1 is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;checked whether the data entered and inserted are correct.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check whether the invalid param is not inserted to database.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check all branch conditions in calculating status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check the response status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Checklist for func2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check whether the data read and displayed on web page are correct.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check the response status&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check whether the invalid parameter is not shown on web page. This condition will fail because func2 is not capable of handling invalid parameter since it is ensured in func1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;check whether the invalid status is not shown on web page. This will also fail because func2 is not capable of handling the status other than red,yellow and green since status inserted by func1 and func1 is ensuring that status will be in valid range.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But doubt is that for func2, am i need to perform the checklists 3 &amp;amp; 4. Is it required test such a condition?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28608" LastEditorUserId="28608" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T06:22:04.537" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T06:22:04.537" Title="What should i test while fetching data from the database?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-creation&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;&lt;web-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30215" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-24T12:15:43.347" Score="1" ViewCount="278" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there an option similar to Simtest to test the behavior of mobile devices in different countries? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have seem 3gproxy but I would like to know if there are another options&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28703" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-24T13:35:08.847" LastActivityDate="2019-04-24T16:01:25.350" Title="Is there an option similar to Simtest to test the behavior of mobile devices in different countries?" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;internationalization&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30216" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-24T12:43:46.447" Score="1" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to get some kind of a report of the evolution in time of issues (gross number) assigned to each user of the system? I'd like to track my team members and evaluate them based on wherever they do correct issues or they just pile them up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If so, how?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:48:31.120" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:48:31.120" Title="Tracking SonarQube users (asignees) issues evolution" Tags="&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26632" CreationDate="2017-10-24T13:50:08.247" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is my project to convert loadrunner http/html scripts to jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ShravanAkula/LR_Jmeter_Converter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/ShravanAkula/LR_Jmeter_Converter&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;we are working to reduce the manual effort involved in converting the scripts. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28705" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T03:35:12.830" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T03:35:12.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30219" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30221" CreationDate="2017-10-24T15:11:46.980" Score="1" ViewCount="861" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm aware that &lt;strong&gt;assignees&lt;/strong&gt; are the effective SonarQube uses that I've created on the platform, but &lt;strong&gt;authors&lt;/strong&gt; come from SCM commit data. The question I need to solve comes from the fact that I'm seeing several &lt;em&gt;strange&lt;/em&gt; authors in the list, even some with computer (user@myComputer) names in them, which don't seem to resemble actual SCM users/credentials.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Where does &lt;strong&gt;author&lt;/strong&gt; data actually comes from?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How can I see actual correlation data for SonarQube &lt;strong&gt;assignees&lt;/strong&gt; vs &lt;strong&gt;authors&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there some way to force non-automatically assigned issues to someone with extra rules or alike?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T16:35:27.370" Title="Correlating assignees with authors in SonarQube" Tags="&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30220" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30212" CreationDate="2017-10-24T15:36:20.340" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really has nothing to do with whether someone could alter the input file or not; it's a matter of what the code is documented/expected to do, and expected to deal with.  You also need to know what level of testing you're doing.  Are you testing the individual pieces (unit/function testing), or testing the end-to-end functionality (integration testing)?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, assuming you're testing the individual pieces:  at the UI level, you need to make sure that the input dates within whatever range of values as it's supposed to be in, and whatever format it's in.  And you need to make sure that, whenever the data is saved, the data that is saved is the same as what was input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same is true when reading the data from a file; the code should make sure that the data is in the format it expects, and within the range of values it expects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the database/insert functionality, again, you should make sure that it rejects data in an invalid format, and only accepts valid ranges.  Depending on the database technology being used, the database itself may reject invalid data.  But it's not your job (usually) to validate the data in the database is correct, but you may need to validate that if the data in the database were wrong, the other layers of the code would behave properly, whatever that's documented to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T15:36:20.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30219" CreationDate="2017-10-24T16:35:27.370" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So here are your answers :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Author is coming from the SCM data. According to your &quot;strange&quot; authors, I suspect you are using git and anyone can configure his account with any name (&lt;a href=&quot;https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-First-Time-Git-Setup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-First-Time-Git-Setup&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In order to correlate the assignees (SonarQube user) and the author (SCM account), as an administrator you can add SCM accounts in &lt;code&gt;Administration &amp;gt; Security &amp;gt; Users&lt;/code&gt; :&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yISeS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yISeS.png&quot; alt=&quot;SCM Accounts&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can set a default assignee when there is no match with current assignees in &lt;code&gt;Administration &amp;gt; Configuration &amp;gt; General&lt;/code&gt; :&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/t8h9n.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/t8h9n.png&quot; alt=&quot;Default assignee&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26480" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T16:35:27.370" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30225" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-24T18:32:24.703" Score="2" ViewCount="2350" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every now and then we come across with some Sonarqube reported issues that seem (at least to us) as false positives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example when using a Spring JdbcTemplate to execute an update:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Autowired&#xA;private JdbcTemplate jdbc;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aUTuS.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/aUTuS.png&quot; alt=&quot;SonarQube issue Evidence&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: Sonar interface is in Spanish&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is this actually a false positive? I guess it is as the PreparedStamente is never else referenced, but used (and hopefully closed) internally by the JdbcTemplate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it is, how should it be handled in SonarQube?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could the corresponding plugin (SonarJava I guess) be improved to detect these patterns?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Any suggestions on improving our coding in this scenario to avoid SonarQube detecting it as an issue?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T16:11:05.417" Title="SonarQube: Close this &quot;PreparedStatement&quot; in a &quot;finally&quot; clause (dealing with false positives)" Tags="&lt;code-review&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30226" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30201" CreationDate="2017-10-24T18:57:36.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To expand on Peter's statement:  &quot;Should the tester do X&quot; or &quot;Why can't the tester do Y&quot; is not the way to look at things.  Testers are not plug and play components any more than developers are.  Some testers might have the skills to use the version control system, some might not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A much, much better question to ask is &quot;Where is the right place for X to happen?&quot;  Just because the tester can pull a copy of the repository to their laptop and run there doesn't mean that that's the best place to test, especially since it depends on what sort of testing she is doing.  Is she doing functional testing?  Load/stress testing?  Localization testing?  Deployment testing?  These all warrant different test environments.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, the statement &quot;We need to give her some copy of the site where this changes are applied, and which will stay closed to new changes until she finishes her test&quot; is problematic, as it essentially forces you into a waterfall model.  If you aren't writing new code while she's testing, what are you doing?  If she isn't testing while you're writing new code, what is she doing?  (The correct answer is usually something along the lines of &quot;addressing technical debt,&quot; &quot;writing test tools,&quot; &quot;writing automated tests,&quot; &quot;writing documentation,&quot; and so on.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if the tester has any experience, then you shouldn't be asking us these questions, you should be asking her these questions.  If she doesn't have experience, that's a different set of questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T18:57:36.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30227" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30101" CreationDate="2017-10-24T19:07:13.313" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;After a long hard fought battle, I was able to overcome this using opposite of what K-8 had suggested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of checking if an element is visible on the viewport, I checked the negative of that, which is if element is not visible on the viewport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I did this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public waitForSpinnerDisappear(){    &#xA;let EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;browser.wait(EC.not(EC.visibilityOf($(element_locator))));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my tests, I am using &lt;code&gt;async/await&lt;/code&gt; so, I paired my test in a Step Def like this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   Given(/^User waits for some time for spinner to disappear$/, async ()=&amp;gt;{&#xA;&#xA;   await pageobject.waitForSpinnerDisappear();&#xA; });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's worth noting that I was able to overcome this using &lt;code&gt;visibilityOf&lt;/code&gt; which is defined by Protractor API as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An expectation for checking that an element is present on the DOM of a page and visible. Visibility means that the element is not only displayed but also has a height and width that is greater than 0. This is the opposite of 'invisibilityOf'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if I use &lt;code&gt;invisibilityOf&lt;/code&gt; (as in Try 2), the test fails. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would welcome suggestions as to how I can improve this even further.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T19:07:13.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30228" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-24T20:13:30.180" Score="9" ViewCount="199" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my company, we don't have good tracking for escaped bugs (or awareness of in QA a lot of the time) once releases go to prod.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the users find bugs they have a tendency to go straight to the developers and the developers don't tell the testers about it until they have a fix ready.&lt;br /&gt;&#xA;The problem with this is that there have been many times when it wasn't actually a bug, but a missed requirement or a requirement that was too ambiguous and wasn't coded and tested the way the user intended it to work.  Both of those things need to be tracked too, but from a QA metrics perspective, they aren't being caused by something we missed in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other problem for me as a tester is that if I missed something I want to know what it is for any number of reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Have other teams had the same experience?  How did you remedy it?  Our users don't have access to open bugs (we use TFS) so that isn't an option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28715" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-10-07T06:29:23.010" LastActivityDate="2020-10-13T06:01:08.783" Title="How to establish better tracking of escaped bugs?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;metrics&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30229" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-24T20:57:08.613" Score="2" ViewCount="71" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is an example. Say you are testing an ebook reader web app. The app lets users highlight text, add notes to highlighted text, view all their highlights &amp;amp; notes in the book, search for specific text in the entire book and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are two test cases to validate the highlighting &amp;amp; adding notes to a web page. One test simply picks any page from the table of contents and checks if you can do highlights and notes there. The other test searches a word, goes to any page containing that word and then checks if you can do highlights &amp;amp; notes there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is do we really need both of the above tests to validate highlighting &amp;amp; notes ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe that the first test is enough because the goal is to validate highlighting &amp;amp; notes on a web page, and not different ways to get to a web page. You can have a separate test that checks for ways to get to a web page. What do you think ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26467" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T20:52:51.423" Title="Should I test multiple paths to a webpage in this case?" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30230" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30229" CreationDate="2017-10-24T21:04:46.110" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Both are needed.&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may theoretically have a problem that can be reproduced only if you &lt;em&gt;take actions in a specific order&lt;/em&gt;. For instance, if you would search for a word, go to a page and then see that highlighting does not work. But, if you would get to a page taking a different path, you would see that highlighting is working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In an ideal world, you should try to check all the possible ways navigating to a page and all the required highlighting and notes to work there, but in reality, generally speaking, &lt;em&gt;covering all the possible combinations is not practical&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial_explosion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Combinatorial Explosion&lt;/a&gt; of test cases combinations). This is where the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/29224/5574&quot;&gt;Pareto principle&lt;/a&gt;, customer demands, the importance of a feature, regression history, complexity, stakes and stakeholders might help to figure out the sufficient number of test cases for a feature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-24T21:10:21.593" LastActivityDate="2017-10-24T21:10:21.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30228" CreationDate="2017-10-24T21:41:51.367" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is process related - nothing you can solve as regular QA tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your QA manager need to talk to DEV manager how to improve communication between devs, QA and customers, and how to track relevant info to gradually improve your whole process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug tracker is just one part of it. But as QA, you cannot make developer enter a bug to tracker, or do anything - only their own manager can do that, and only if s/he will see any value from that improved process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your QA manager needs to do that either with dev manager, or the higher boss above both of them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you need better argument that &amp;quot;you just want to know if you missed something&amp;quot;. You (or better, QA manager) need to explain how establishing such process would benefit the whole company, how it improves the quality of your product and overall customer experience, not just solves something for QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing what should help you to get to your goal is that what you propose is considered industry standard best practice :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your customer's access to bug tracker: You should track customer feedback, but not in bug tracker. Don't offload to the customer tracking the bugs, dupes, blockers etc. Customer does not, and should not, care about your inner process. Use separate feedback tracker. In the bug related to a feedback (with better description than the user provided, result of your research) mention relevant feedback. Or many feedbacks, if reported multiple times.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2020-10-09T02:48:21.580" LastActivityDate="2020-10-09T02:48:21.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30233" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-25T04:16:40.653" Score="3" ViewCount="610" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do companies clean up test cases? If I have 5000 tests in my library and 1000 of them are deprecated because we have cleaned up the code associated originally, how do we ensure that the tests are removed?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28721" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T00:19:05.453" Title="Clean up test cases" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30234" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-25T04:47:36.633" Score="1" ViewCount="691" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here I'm  assigning  CSV file on the basis of loop count so that done by using &lt;code&gt;__iterationNum()&lt;/code&gt; JMeter custom function (custom JMeter Function plugin added to JMeter) But this stuff is not working for me so I used this function like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; D:\datas\latandlong\IndiaAddress\address${__iterationNum}.cs‌v&lt;/code&gt;   FilePath name in CSV dataset config but not getting a result is there any other way to use this function I don't know about that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So how to use this function if anybody having an idea please tell me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-25T05:29:49.470" LastActivityDate="2021-04-08T04:09:05.940" Title="How to use __iterationNum() custom function in JMeter to assign csv file to Http Request" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;&lt;http&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30235" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30234" CreationDate="2017-10-25T07:46:48.743" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think you will be able to use CSV Data Set Config this way so I would suggest considering using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__CSVRead&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__CSVRead()&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__StringFromFile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__StringFromFile()&lt;/a&gt; functions instead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nnSsk.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/nnSsk.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter CSVRead StringFromFile&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-functions-introduction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Functions - An Introduction&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also reach out to JMeter Developers via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/mail.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Users Mailing List&lt;/a&gt; to clarify the expected behavior of the CSV Data Set Config, i.e. whether you can change CSV file path dynamically using JMeter functions or variables.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T07:46:48.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30237" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30229" CreationDate="2017-10-25T09:45:57.810" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well, that depends on what types of testing you're responsible for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course there are a lot of possible issues which might arise if you go by different paths: highlighting might not work &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you go to the word by search&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you're on odd page number&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if you list the page 1 ahead &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or backward, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or go to some specific page directly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or navigate to a page using book index&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or nearly infinite number of other paths.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However if you're doing just a functional test of a highlighting feature and you're in tight timings, I would recomend to ignore the paths (to narrow the context), but concentrate on them later when you're about to perform E2E tests for example. This (as I believe) will let you catch more this-particular-feature-code-specific defects on early stages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T09:45:57.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30233" CreationDate="2017-10-25T11:36:00.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the factors that can affect how aggressively automated test cases are deprecated include:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mission-critical&lt;/strong&gt; - regression tests that cover essential functionality of an application are much less likely to be retired than regression tests covering optional functions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frequently used&lt;/strong&gt; - regression tests of frequently used features are less likely to be retired than regression tests of rarely used features. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fragile&lt;/strong&gt; - regression tests that cover areas of the application known to be prone to breakage are less likely to be retired than tests of areas known to be stable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Retired/deprecated functionality&lt;/strong&gt; - regression tests that cover deprecated or retired functionality get removed as soon as is feasible.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regulated&lt;/strong&gt; - tests used to verify or validate regulated functionality will not be retired unless the regulation involved changes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, it depends on the business and the team: if the tests continue to pass and don't overload available resources, many organizations are likely to have no issues with retaining them. Tests that fail because functionality has changed will be either rewritten or replaced so that they cover current functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What matters is that the method you are using works for you and your team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T11:36:00.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30240" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30261" CreationDate="2017-10-25T11:48:14.950" Score="4" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is the opinion that QA &lt;strong&gt;should&lt;/strong&gt; design cucumber scenarios, define the right data for tests, communicate with business and end users to fully understand use cases, focus to semantics and look also for quality assurance of governance processes and legal compliance – but &lt;strong&gt;should not&lt;/strong&gt; do development of the automation code themselves, instead driving the developers to do so because the developer has the deep knowledge of product APIs and trained programming know-how. Let’s call this approach &lt;strong&gt;“QA designs, DEV develops”&lt;/strong&gt;.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While fully understand this philosophy of “separation of concerns”, but I have my doubt here. The implementation of cucumber steps is development as any other development. So the QA engineer needs repetitively change the code &amp;amp; run the code in IDE until the cucumber script is perfect structured and working. It is not possible to create a clear, structured cucumber scenario from the scratch! That means the idea that “QA designs, DEV develops” is not applicable in practice – it’s just a theory.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To be more specific: QA starts with a raw cucumber scenario that they received from business analyst. Now, the QA engineer needs to refine this scenario, apply the right parameters, add new validations, group statement accordingly, etc. As any development, it is essential to run the code after every small change.  That way the QA moves successively from imperative notation to declaratively styled scenario formulation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or what do you think? It is possible to separate clearly these responsibilities? Maybe even some real experience?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28733" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T13:25:24.763" Title="What experience do you have with the idea &quot;QA designs, Developer develops&quot;" Tags="&lt;qa-role&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;test-strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30014" CreationDate="2017-10-25T12:14:57.373" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I selected--&gt;Apply To:Main Sample only.And it worked.earlier I have selected Jmeter Variable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28448" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T12:14:57.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30240" CreationDate="2017-10-25T14:30:53.807" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;QA certainly &lt;strong&gt;does not&lt;/strong&gt; design anything but &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Design of a feature is responsibility of people who have &lt;strong&gt;substantially deeper knowledge&lt;/strong&gt; about the inner workings of the system, like system analyst, system architect, database and system administrators (for their parts) and senior, most experienced designers. Then, developers design the parts they develop withing the limit of the overall design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These same people are also better positioned to describe the scenarios which needs to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of these tests will be manual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Some&lt;/strong&gt; (but certainly not all manual tests) of the recommended test will be deemed a good candidate for automated regression test. &lt;strong&gt;Automated regression test is code&lt;/strong&gt;, and needs to be developed and maintained exactly as any other code: Tests should fit into overall architecture, share common libraries, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am talking about automated regression system level tests (end-to-end tests) which &lt;strong&gt;might&lt;/strong&gt; be responsibility of QA (or devs, depending of the company approach to quality) and exercise the tested system from the POV of a user (only the surface exposed to the user). There should be (and your dev team should start with - without any involvement of QA) deeper test first: &lt;strong&gt;unit tests&lt;/strong&gt;, which test small parts of the system and mock everything else. Unit tests are your first layer of defense, because they can pinpoint the error much closer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated regression tests usually test &quot;happy path&quot; (with some small detours), to make sure that &lt;strong&gt;basic functionality of your system&lt;/strong&gt;, your bread-and-butter, is functioning correctly. Usually it is not cost-effective to automate (system regression tests) very peripheral functionality, or all possible combination of user inputs, because developing and maintaining system test is time consuming: If you add some feature, you need to review and possibly change all the test which use the page where change happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But certainly you want to automate as much of the functionality you test repeatedly in manual mode, that is obvious.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the more system level regression tests you have, the more of your effort is on maintaining them (making changes in response of the newly added functionality) and less efforts are remaining for developing tests for new features, so obviously you will reach the point of diminished returns. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read somewhere that any system-level regression test which did not indicated a bug (did not break as a result of a bug) is a candidate to be removed, because maybe some other test is already testing the same functionality and you have duplicated efforts (double the maintenance with no increased coverage).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code coverage is another good tool to consider even evaluating which test to add (and which to remove). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T14:30:53.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30229" CreationDate="2017-10-25T16:34:00.943" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My views:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to test &lt;strong&gt;only highlighting and making notes&lt;/strong&gt; then it does not matter from which path you come to page on which you want to do highlighting and notes making. Because highlighting and notes making does not have anything to do with navigation. You can check either one path.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, If you want to check &lt;strong&gt;full end to end scenario&lt;/strong&gt; i.e. from starting point(list of contents OR entering text into search box) to end point(saving highlighted text and notes on page) then you should check both ways as they are two different end to end scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T16:34:00.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30228" CreationDate="2017-10-25T16:43:04.200" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally when end users find a bug testers team is informed before developers. Then after it goes to developers because testers are to be blamed for leftover bugs :-). You should make some arrangement that users does not report directly to developers. They first consult testers for open bugs. Then testers obviously get informed before developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T16:43:04.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30247" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-25T21:58:05.190" Score="2" ViewCount="5397" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to write a webdriver C# code that checks for elements in a site. However, the site is a single page website with an embedded form. The form contents changes when you click Next. So I am having a hard time figuring out how to find elements in the next form. I have had this work several times with a non single page. I know the issue is that my xpath is not finding the element I am looking for because it is inside a form&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private By labelPageHeader = By.XPath(&quot;//form[1]/div[4]/label[text()='Welcome to the second form']&quot;);&#xA;public bool IsNewForm()&#xA;{&#xA;    return Elements.CheckElementIsVisible(_driver, labelPageHeader );&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I do that  I get error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Could not load page within the designated timeout period&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That usually works when I am not working in a single page site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a snippet of the HTML. I am trying to hit the label inside &lt;code&gt;id=&quot;alligator&quot;&lt;/code&gt; inside the form:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;form name=&quot;form1&quot; method=&quot;post&quot; action=&quot;./form.aspx?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1&quot; onsubmit=&quot;javascript:return WebForm_OnSubmit();&quot; id=&quot;form1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;Step3&quot; class=&quot;step&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div id=&quot;alligator&quot; class=&quot;input&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;label for=&quot;alligator&quot;&amp;gt;Welcome to the second form&#xA;                &amp;lt;abbr title=&quot;This field is required&quot;&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/abbr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/label&amp;gt;                                  &#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;input type=&quot;hidden&quot; class=&quot;link&quot; value=&quot;Step4&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- step3 ends --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25521" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T02:34:24.503" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T10:07:29.123" Title="Selenium Webdriver - Locating element inside form" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30228" CreationDate="2017-10-25T22:44:31.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Someone needs to enter these bugs into the bug tracking system. If the users can't/don't, then someone must do it on their behalf.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers shouldn't be acting on issues until after a bug report is written. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is a Help Desk, then the Help Desk should be entering bug reports on behalf of the users. If there is no Help Desk, then Developers should be entering these bug reports. And if everything else fails, the issue should be passed on to QA to write the bug reports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No doing any of this is just silly. Management should educate folks about proper reporting of bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T22:44:31.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30233" CreationDate="2017-10-25T22:46:58.657" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do companies clean up test cases?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test cases need to be maintained. Part of that process involves cleaning out obsolete cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doing this is simply a project that needs to be assigned to someone periodically. Sometimes cleanup is a task within another project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-10-25T22:46:58.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30251" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30247" CreationDate="2017-10-26T06:41:08.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Rather than trying with an &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; like &lt;code&gt;form[1]/div[4]&lt;/code&gt;, try to be more specific like&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//form[@id='form1']//div[@id='alligator']/label&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Searching with the exact text in the element can be your personal preference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the &lt;code&gt;xpath&lt;/code&gt; can be used as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private By labelPageHeader = By.XPath(&quot;//form[@id='form1']//div[@id='alligator']/label&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;public bool IsNewForm()&#xA;{&#xA;    return Elements.CheckElementIsVisible(_driver, labelPageHeader );&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T06:41:08.763" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30252" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-26T08:44:51.373" Score="4" ViewCount="57907" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to read data from an excel sheet and write on my application.But shows an error while trying to pass a numeric value using string. Please suggest me how can I resolve the issue. Please see my code and error screenshot below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package ReadExcelData;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;import java.util.Locale;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormatter;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&#xA;&#xA;public class ReadExcel {&#xA;&#xA;public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;    File src=new File(&quot;E:\\QA_Automation\\TestData_Excel\\TestInputData.xlsx&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(src);&#xA;&#xA;    XSSFWorkbook wb=new XSSFWorkbook(fis);&#xA;&#xA;    XSSFSheet sheet1=wb.getSheetAt(0);&#xA;    int rowcount=sheet1.getLastRowNum();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Total Row&quot; + rowcount);&#xA;&#xA;    for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;rowcount;i++) {&#xA;        String data0= sheet1.getRow(i).getCell(0).getStringCellValue();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Test Data From Excel&quot;+data0);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    wb.close();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Please check below image for the exception :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kdIjp.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/kdIjp.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28207" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T11:25:42.537" LastActivityDate="2021-04-18T00:26:48.833" Title="Cannot get a STRING value from a NUMERIC cell. How can I resolve this issue in selenium webdriver using POI?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;excel&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30252" CreationDate="2017-10-26T09:13:18.537" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming there is the column holding only numeric cells you can approach with this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;rowcount;i++) {&#xA;    String data0 = String.valueOf(sheet1.getRow(i).getCell(0).getNumericCellValue());&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Test Data From Excel&quot; + data0);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The approach above is a pure java way to display data of double type. However if you need the formatting like you would have in Excel you should check this doc: &lt;a href=&quot;https://poi.apache.org/apidocs/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/DataFormatter.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://poi.apache.org/apidocs/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/DataFormatter.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T09:13:18.537" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30252" CreationDate="2017-10-26T09:26:04.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This exception is occurred when code try to read Numeric value as string. &lt;code&gt;Apache POI&lt;/code&gt; will not convert from Numeric to String.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;There are two solution :&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. First convert cell type to string and Read it. Please check below code :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    import java.io.File;&#xA;        import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;        import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;        import java.util.Locale;&#xA;        &#xA;        import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;&#xA;        import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormatter;&#xA;        import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;&#xA;        import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&#xA;        &#xA;        public class ReadExcel {&#xA;        &#xA;        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;            File src=new File(&amp;quot;C:\\Users\\Sagar\\Desktop\\TestInputData.xlsx&amp;quot;);&#xA;        &#xA;            FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(src);&#xA;        &#xA;            XSSFWorkbook wb=new XSSFWorkbook(fis);&#xA;        &#xA;            XSSFSheet sheet1=wb.getSheetAt(0);&#xA;            int rowcount=sheet1.getLastRowNum();&#xA;            System.out.println(&amp;quot;Total Row&amp;quot; + rowcount);&#xA;        &#xA;            for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;rowcount+1;i++) {&#xA;        &#xA;                System.out.println(i);&#xA;                //GET CELL&#xA;                Cell cell1 = sheet1.getRow(i).getCell(0);   &#xA;                //SET AS STRING TYPE&#xA;                cell1.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);&#xA;                String data0= cell1.getStringCellValue();&#xA;                System.out.println(&amp;quot;Test Data From Excel : &amp;quot;+data0);&#xA;            }&#xA;        &#xA;            wb.close();&#xA;          }&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Get type first and print by its option. Please see the code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-java prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;        import java.io.File;&#xA;        import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;        import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;        import java.util.Locale;&#xA;        &#xA;        import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;&#xA;        import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormatter;&#xA;        import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil;&#xA;        import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;&#xA;        import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&#xA;        &#xA;        public class ReadExcel {&#xA;        &#xA;        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {&#xA;            File src=new File(&amp;quot;C:\\Users\\Sagar\\Desktop\\TestInputData.xlsx&amp;quot;);&#xA;        &#xA;            FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(src);&#xA;        &#xA;            XSSFWorkbook wb=new XSSFWorkbook(fis);&#xA;        &#xA;            XSSFSheet sheet1=wb.getSheetAt(0);&#xA;            int rowcount=sheet1.getLastRowNum();&#xA;            System.out.println(&amp;quot;Total Row &amp;quot; + rowcount);&#xA;        &#xA;            for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;rowcount+1;i++) {&#xA;        &#xA;                &#xA;                Cell cell1 = sheet1.getRow(i).getCell(0);   &#xA;                &#xA;                switch (cell1.getCellType()) {&#xA;                &#xA;                case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:&#xA;                    System.out.println(cell1.getRichStringCellValue().getString());&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                    &#xA;                case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:&#xA;                    if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell1)) {&#xA;                        System.out.println(cell1.getDateCellValue());&#xA;                    } else {&#xA;                        System.out.println(cell1.getNumericCellValue());&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                    &#xA;                case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:&#xA;                    System.out.println(cell1.getBooleanCellValue());&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                    &#xA;                case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:&#xA;                    System.out.println(cell1.getCellFormula());&#xA;                    break;&#xA;                    &#xA;                default:&#xA;                    System.out.println();&#xA;            }&#xA;                &#xA;                //String data0= cell1.getStringCellValue();&#xA;                //System.out.println(&amp;quot;Test Data From Excel : &amp;quot;+data0);&#xA;            }&#xA;        &#xA;            wb.close();&#xA;        &#xA;        &#xA;        }&#xA;        &#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr /&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note : Please check loop condition.It is also wrong. My code will not skip last row.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-09-03T11:23:33.740" LastActivityDate="2020-09-03T11:23:33.740" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30255" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30247" CreationDate="2017-10-26T10:07:29.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem it seems is that you are using XPath. You should use id. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the snippet of HTML code you provided I see that the form does not have its own id. I suggest you give the form a id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then do your thing manually (that is do what you want to automate manually) until you go to the next page. Then you inspect the element you are trying to reach using the browser (e.g. on firefox right click on element and choose inspect element). Some HTML code will be displayed. This is the code that your browser &quot;sees&quot;. From this code note the id given for that element it could be in the form of 'formId:elementID'. Use this ID to point to the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T10:07:29.123" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30256" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30258" CreationDate="2017-10-26T10:59:06.573" Score="3" ViewCount="4768" Body="&lt;p&gt;For my project, I am moving the code to the &lt;code&gt;async/await&lt;/code&gt; model, thus disabling the control flow. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While doing this, I am having persistent problems with the &lt;code&gt;callbacks()&lt;/code&gt; and async tasks being either going in pending or failing more often than not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This problem particularly escalates when using &lt;code&gt;Scenario Outlines&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;Cucumber&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, I have this feature that needs to be tested&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Feature: Creation of a new Document&#xA;&#xA;@CreateDocument&#xA;Scenario Outline: User is able to create a new Doc&#xA;Given User navigates to XYZ Homepage&#xA;And waits for the loader to finish loading&#xA;And User clicks on New Doc button&#xA;When New Doc window opens up&#xA;And User enters client name as &quot;&amp;lt;clientName&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;And User enters lop title as &quot;&amp;lt;DocumentName&amp;gt;&quot;&#xA;Then new Document page should appear&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;Examples:&#xA;  |clientName         |DocumentName               |&#xA;  |Jackel Corportation|New Doc For Normal Markets |&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The steps are implemented as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//only giving the failing steps&#xA;&#xA;    When(/User enters client name as Jackel Corporation$/, async() =&amp;gt;{&#xA;   await (demo = createlop.enter_lop_clientname('Jackel Corporation'));&#xA;  });&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    When(/^And User enters lop title as New LOP For Normal Markets$/,async ()=&amp;gt;{&#xA;    await (demo1 = createlop.enter_lop_title('New LOP For Normal Markets'));&#xA;  });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;enter client name&lt;/code&gt; step passes while the next one fails with the error that it is undefined and needs to be implemented. Is there a specific reason for this? I don't think this is an issue with &lt;code&gt;async/await&lt;/code&gt; architecture, since in my other steps, it is working fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the issue underlying here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T12:58:52.397" Title="Async/Await with CucumberJS" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30252" CreationDate="2017-10-26T11:00:11.770" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may be helpful to you..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Open the Excel sheet and select all (Ctrl+a) then right click and click Format cells then in number tab change the category to Text and click Ok...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M1TGv.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/M1TGv.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T11:00:11.770" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30256" CreationDate="2017-10-26T12:58:52.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well it's a howler really. The steps contain the word &lt;code&gt;And&lt;/code&gt; which should not be implemented in the step definition.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My Step def should really be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    When(/^User enters lop title as New LOP For Normal Markets$/,async ()=&amp;gt;{&#xA;    await (demo1 = createlop.enter_lop_title('New LOP For Normal Markets'));&#xA;  });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And not the one that I posted in my question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T12:58:52.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28705" CreationDate="2017-10-26T16:47:10.350" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd highly recommend you take a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/airbnb/javascript&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Airbnb Style Guide&lt;/a&gt;. Although, it's a little long and has some subjective rules, you can easily pick out your favorites and apply them to your code reviews. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, it's nearly impossible to remember all the JS rules and best practices so while you're coding I'd really recommend you use a linter like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/eslint&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;eslint&lt;/a&gt;. You can configure it to your preference, and many text editors will lint for you as you code. You can even have eslint extend the airbnb style guide which is huge to be able to follow best practices from the start until you memorize them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best of luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28756" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T16:47:10.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30240" CreationDate="2017-10-26T18:35:23.607" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read the &quot;design the cucumber scenarios&quot; as being just one tiny step past writing explicit test cases.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is not possible to create a clear, structured cucumber scenario from the scratch! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I disagree with this assertion.  If someone's written strong Cucumber steps, the implementation seems like it should be pretty trivial (insert the appropriate selectors, etc, especially if you're in a team that isn't defining these contracts up front so that tests can be written parallel to dev).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The part I'd push back on as an SDET/SEiT is that I wouldn't be comfortable handing off the implementation of the automation at that point, especially in a BDD world, where the steps/definitions can often mask underlying behavior, but if I was a manual tester, this might be the only option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;QA starts with a raw cucumber scenario that they received from business analyst.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's clearly a question as to what QA is adding above and beyond the BA - depending on the company, you might push for the BA to take on more of the test case enumeration (and eliminate the QA writing the detailed cucumber specs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T18:35:23.607" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30262" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30316" CreationDate="2017-10-26T19:03:51.457" Score="4" ViewCount="268" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am seriously struggling to wrap my head around this one, so its best to describe it.  I have been tasked to setup automation at my current company and thus far I have been building out the framework robustly to handle anything I start throwing at it in terms of reporting, logging etc.  my first task is the automated testing of a c# webservice (My Auto is in java).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Lets say, this service has 2 controllers &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;bar&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt; contains around 16 calls in the controller&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;bar&lt;/code&gt; contains around 14 calls in the controller&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are a large number of unit tests in this webservice already and im seriously struggling to figure out what integration tests may look like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To my understanding the unit tests will mock everything, should i be almost duplicating those tests because the webservice is deployed on the real server and running as part of the application (utilised by the front end)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should I be testing the webservice calls for all sorts of input on the data?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR, should i be writing a &lt;code&gt;handful&lt;/code&gt; of tests to flow through the API to ensure its working correctly? Right now I have hundreds of input related tests checking for all sorts of data input which I feel is unnecessary, I am testing each call atomically for input and scenarios like deletion, adding a new, duplication etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't really grasp the concept of the integration and what is expected, at this rate I will have over 400+ tests for all ~30 calls and I feel its completely wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any advice is greatly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T10:09:13.233" Title="Seriously struggling to understand &quot;integration&quot; testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-26T19:14:09.037" Score="5" ViewCount="8336" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have installed Jmeter by the homebrew method. For doing performance testing of mobile app, I need to install the &lt;code&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&lt;/code&gt;,&#xA;which I can't locate in the said &lt;code&gt;jMeter\bin&lt;/code&gt; directory.&#xA;I searched by the name on my mac but unable to locate it.&#xA;I have followed all the steps are &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;mentioned here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28758" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T05:39:13.437" LastActivityDate="2020-07-07T01:49:53.203" Title="Can't locate Jmeter\Bin on Mac to Install ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30264" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30263" CreationDate="2017-10-26T19:19:00.490" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you've installed Jmeter via &lt;code&gt;brew&lt;/code&gt; you'll need to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;open /usr/local/bin/jmeter&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;to get &lt;code&gt;jmeter&lt;/code&gt; up and running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which means you &lt;code&gt;bin&lt;/code&gt; dir is at &lt;code&gt;/usr/local/bin&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On a side note, please consider using google, because this is one of the easiest ways to get answers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T19:19:00.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30262" CreationDate="2017-10-26T19:44:10.443" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some people distinguish between &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;integration (some parts are used for real, some are mocked) and &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;system/end-to-end testing (where is no mocking at all).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For other people, system, integration , and end-to-end are synonyms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually end-to-end testing uses just basic scenarios (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Pareto principle&lt;/a&gt;: 20% of use cases cover 80% of functionality), and unit testing tries to cover also more of the corner cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For e2e, testing just basic functionality is OK. Cover ALL corner cases in unit tests. If you have more time for e2e, start adding more common corner cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit tests are more useful to detect where exactly the error is (so covering all corner cases makes more sense, and is easier with mocking). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T20:03:53.183" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T20:03:53.183" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30229" CreationDate="2017-10-26T20:35:04.113" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would first find out if the code behind for the highlighting and adding notes are indeed the same. If this is an in house product, review the source code and check with the developers to find out if the code is the same, and if not, find out exactly what are the differences and design your tests to exploit those differences precisely. Bonus point - if the code is different, have a further discussion to see if it can be refactored into a more unified code base in the interest of scalability, maintainability and of course testability. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The following only applies to web pages, not e-readers. Unfortunately I don't know how to verify the source on e-readers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is a 3rd party product that you have no access to the code or devs, then examine the html source and javascripts to see if you can tell if it's calling the same code. For example, under Chrome dev tools:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check the &lt;strong&gt;Network&lt;/strong&gt; traffic, especially when performing the highlight and adding notes to see is any api calls are being made. Compare them on both paths. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review the &lt;strong&gt;Sources&lt;/strong&gt; tab and compare the scripts being called. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the code is exactly the same, then the argument for not duplicating the test is stronger. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27439" LastEditorUserId="27439" LastEditDate="2017-10-26T20:52:51.423" LastActivityDate="2017-10-26T20:52:51.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30267" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-26T21:56:33.890" Score="1" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;What tools can be used to test a mobile app in Android that was built using Angular 2? Is there any tool for testing performance like load, speed etc.  for mobile apps?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25588" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T21:10:13.620" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T21:10:13.620" Title="Mobile performance testing for Android" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-28T04:00:00.863" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29694" CreationDate="2017-10-27T01:11:22.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;These kind of problems might arise when updating your Firefox version. If it worked well before the update then my suggestion would be to look for any updates for the GeckoDriver and download it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Version 0.19 has been released&lt;/a&gt;, I recommend you update and try again  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28761" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T02:50:45.687" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T02:50:45.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30269" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-27T01:26:01.727" Score="1" ViewCount="423" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have installed and enabled &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;' &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Warnings+Plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Warnings Plugin&lt;/a&gt; and, we are using it's &lt;a href=&quot;https://maven.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Maven&lt;/a&gt; parser to detect warnings in the task execution log.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This plugin has a set of advanced options that are supposed to allow including and excluding certain files and messages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rv4Rd.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rv4Rd.png&quot; alt=&quot;Advanced plugin setup&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently have several projects with some warnings that we'd like to exclude from this analysis, but we haven't been able to figure out the proper regex for them, like the ones in this example image:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F8Qen.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/F8Qen.png&quot; alt=&quot;Warnings sample&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As regex, I've tried several approaches, but seems either Jenkins is expecting something special or maybe I'm just doing something wrong.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this chunk, which is treated as a single warning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[WARNING] Coverage measure for metric 'lines_to_cover' should not be saved directly by a Sensor. Plugin should be updated to use SensorContext::newCoverage instead.&#xA;[WARNING] Coverage measure for metric 'uncovered_lines' should not be saved directly by a Sensor. Plugin should be updated to use SensorContext::newCoverage instead.&#xA;[WARNING] Coverage measure for metric 'coverage_line_hits_data' should not be saved directly by a Sensor. Plugin should be updated to use SensorContext::newCoverage instead.&#xA;[WARNING] Coverage measure for metric 'conditions_to_cover' should not be saved directly by a Sensor. Plugin should be updated to use SensorContext::newCoverage instead.&#xA;[WARNING] Coverage measure for metric 'uncovered_conditions' should not be saved directly by a Sensor. Plugin should be updated to use SensorContext::newCoverage instead.&#xA;[WARNING] Coverage measure for metric 'conditions_by_line' should not be saved directly by a Sensor. Plugin should be updated to use SensorContext::newCoverage instead.&#xA;[WARNING] Coverage measure for metric 'covered_conditions_by_line' should not be saved directly by a Sensor. Plugin should be updated to use SensorContext::newCoverage instead.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried several regexes like 'lines_to_cover' or '.&lt;em&gt;lines_to_cover.&lt;/em&gt;' which both seem to work in an &lt;a href=&quot;https://regex101.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;online test tool&lt;/a&gt;, but neither are being caught by Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas on the regex for excluding such warnings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T01:26:01.727" Title="Jenkins Warnings plugin: excluding messages" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;logs&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;&lt;hudson&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-10-28T04:10:07.483" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8271" CreationDate="2017-10-27T02:55:07.517" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please check out UFT 12.54 Patch 4, UFT 14.01, preferably 14.01 as it is latest release for this moment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guidance can be found from online help (it works same for CEF and CEFSharp):&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://uft-help.saas.hpe.com/en/14.01/UFT_Help/Content/Addins_Guide/Work_with_CEF_Applications.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://uft-help.saas.hpe.com/en/14.01/UFT_Help/Content/Addins_Guide/Work_with_CEF_Applications.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28762" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T02:55:07.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30271" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30263" CreationDate="2017-10-27T04:40:12.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the bash command &lt;code&gt;which&lt;/code&gt; to find out the directory of a program.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;which JMeter &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ss64.com/osx/which.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Check here for more details.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27439" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-27T06:11:16.210" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T06:11:16.210" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30272" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-27T04:51:46.383" Score="1" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was trying to write a C# &amp;amp; Selenium automation code to visit a webpage and click some elements to arrive at another webpage. &#xA;So in the process, I am supposed to click a checkbox which is present inside a table, which in turn is present inside an Iframe.&#xA;I have checked the page source, and have confirmed that there exists only 1 Iframe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried running the following code and get the following error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;no such element: Unable to locate element&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is a snippet of the code I've used-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; webDriver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&#xA;            wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible(By.TagName(&quot;iframe&quot;)));&#xA;            webDriver.SwitchTo().Frame(webDriver.FindElement(By.TagName(&quot;iframe&quot;)));&#xA;            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);&#xA;           // webDriver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();&#xA;            wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(webDriver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#AjaxTable78962_t1 &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-child(5) &amp;gt; td:nth-child(1) &amp;gt; input[type=\&quot;checkbox\&quot;]&quot;))));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get the exception on this line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(webDriver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;#AjaxTable78782_t1 &amp;gt; tbody &amp;gt; tr:nth-child(5) &amp;gt; td:nth-child(1) &amp;gt; input[type=\&quot;checkbox\&quot;]&quot;))));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28765" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:48:23.333" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:48:23.333" Title="Unable to locate element inside Ajax Table using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30274" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-27T10:01:55.723" Score="4" ViewCount="930" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an Android app. Occasionally, some user reports an issue that is reproducible only on their particular phone/OS version combination. I cannot possibly get all phone models to try and reproduce the issue. So what is a good strategy to debug/troubleshoot issues that happen only on particular phones?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: I am not looking to testing on all phone/OS combinations. I am asking: &lt;strong&gt;How do I troubleshoot on one particular phone/OS combination, if I don't own that combination?&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11464" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-15T15:44:53.310" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T15:44:53.310" Title="Testing an Android App on different phone models and Android versions" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30276" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30282" CreationDate="2017-10-27T11:53:32.603" Score="2" ViewCount="1893" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Case:&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;I wanted to run only one suite (eg) suite 'A'. So i specified the same while running configuration  &lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js -- suites A&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem:&lt;/strong&gt;  All Suites (A,B,C,D) are running, instead of just suite A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt;  Running individual Spec works correctly. So Spec code issue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Config File Excerpt:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     var SpecReporter = require('jasmine-spec-reporter').SpecReporter;&#xA;     var Jasmine2HtmlReporter = require('protractor-jasmine2-html-reporter');&#xA;     var fs = require('fs');&#xA;&#xA;    exports.config = {&#xA;&#xA;framework: 'jasmine2',&#xA;directConnect: true,&#xA;capabilities: {&#xA;&#xA;    'browserName': 'chrome',&#xA;    'chromeOptions': {&#xA;        'args': ['incognito', '--start-maximized'],  // this line is for maximize the window and incognito view&#xA;&#xA;        prefs: {&#xA;            'profile:managed_default_content_settings.notifications': 1,&#xA;            args: ['--no-sandbox', '--test-type=browser'],&#xA;            'download': {&#xA;                'prompt_for_download': false,&#xA;                'default_directory': 'C:/Users/kesavara/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/protractor/Workspace/Reports/Download/'&#xA;            },&#xA;        },&#xA;    },&#xA;},&#xA;allScriptsTimeout: 500000,&#xA;ignoreUncaughtExceptions: true,&#xA;suites: {&#xA;  A: ['./Spec/Find_Account_Page/FindAccount_By_AccountInfo.js', './Spec/Find_Account_Page/FindAccount_By_UserInfo.js'],&#xA;    B :'./Spec/LIST/*Spec.js',&#xA;       C:'./Spec/USER_ROLES/ACCMANG_USER_Role/*Spec.js',                                                                             D: './Spec/USER_ROLES/ADMIN_USER_Role/*Spec.js',         &#xA;},&#xA;&#xA;jasmineNodeOpts: {&#xA;    isVerbose: true,&#xA;    showColors: true,&#xA;    includeStackTrace: true,&#xA;    displaySpecDuration: true,&#xA;    defaultTimeoutInterval: 260000,&#xA;    print: function () {&#xA;    }&#xA;},&#xA;&#xA;onPrepare: function(){&#xA;    browser.manage().window().maximize();          // set browser size...&#xA;&#xA;    global.isAngularSite = function(flag){&#xA;        browser.driver.ignoreSynchronization = !flag;&#xA;    };&#xA;   // Remove files in Specified Directory&#xA;&#xA;    jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new SpecReporter({&#xA;        spec: {&#xA;            displayStacktrace: true,&#xA;            displayFailuresSummary: true&#xA;        }&#xA;    }));&#xA;},&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T15:14:37.410" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T15:14:37.410" Title="Protractor: Specified suite is not running .Instead all suite inside Suites(config.js) is running" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30277" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-27T12:10:59.573" Score="4" ViewCount="2632" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my testng.xml file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite1&quot; verbose=&quot;1&quot; parallel=&quot;true&quot; thread-count=&quot;5&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;xml-files/live.xml&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/suite-file&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;suite-file path=&quot;xml-files/test.xml&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/suite-file&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/suite-files&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to run both these xml and though it does start running  but the problem is, it only runs single file(&lt;strong&gt;test.xml&lt;/strong&gt;) two times. does anyone have idea why is it happening?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Update: Added pom, live and test.xml files&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;project xmlns=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0&quot; xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;&#xA;xsi:schemaLocation=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;modelVersion&amp;gt;4.0.0&amp;lt;/modelVersion&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.hiverqa&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;hiverqa&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;0.0.1-SNAPSHOT&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;packaging&amp;gt;jar&amp;lt;/packaging&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;name&amp;gt;hiverqa&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;url&amp;gt;http://maven.apache.org&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;UTF-8&amp;lt;/project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;testng.xml&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.20.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;${suiteXmlFile}&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.8.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;selenium-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;3.6.0&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.testng&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;testng&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;6.8&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;javax.mail&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;mail&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.4.3&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-io --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.commons&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;commons-io&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;1.3.2&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.twilio.sdk/twilio --&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;com.twilio.sdk&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;twilio&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;7.14.5&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;live.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;browser&quot; value=&quot;chrome&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/parameter&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;isExtensionInstalled&quot; value=&quot;true&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;profileEnvironment&quot; value=&quot;Live&quot; /&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- default is selenium browser,Use 'Test' for test environment --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;SM Onboarding with Extension Test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.Onboarding_NonMP_SM_WebSignUP&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.Onboarding_NonMP_SL_SignUP&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.Onboarding_MP_SM_Signup&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;test.xml&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&#xA;    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;isExtensionInstalled&quot; value=&quot;true&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;parameter name=&quot;profileEnvironment&quot; value=&quot;Test&quot; /&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- default is selenium browser,Use 'Test' for test environment --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;SM Onboarding with Extension Test&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.Onboarding_NonMP_SM_WebSignUP&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.Onboarding_NonMP_SL_SignUP&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;tests.Onboarding_MP_SM_Signup&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt; &amp;lt;!-- Test --&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10865" LastEditorUserId="10865" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T10:57:04.887" LastActivityDate="2019-12-24T05:01:50.210" Title="TestNG: Multiple suite files are not running but single xml file is running multiple times" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30278" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-27T12:39:18.223" Score="1" ViewCount="151" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need To Start Automation Testing of a Preact application ( PWA Application) . Is there any specific tool or way to do this ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28732" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T12:39:18.223" Title="I need To Start Automation Testing of a Preact application ( PWA Application) . Is there any specific tool or way to do this?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-10-28T04:19:28.623" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30274" CreationDate="2017-10-27T13:54:48.747" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;On Bitbar.com you can rent access to many/most combination of OS and device. I have no affiliation, just considering the service. Not used them yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T13:54:48.747" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30274" CreationDate="2017-10-27T14:31:49.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;All Android device have similarities like OS version, screen density, launcher, etc. You don't need to test all possible combinations and take in account rare exceptions - you need to ensure that your app is compatible with predefined compatibility scope. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Compatibility scope is a part of non-functional requirements. If you have no requirements, you should define the scope on your own. The best approach here is to consider &lt;a href=&quot;http://gs.statcounter.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;usage statistics&lt;/a&gt; from the countries where you potential audience lives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, you'll get a list of a few devices, not hundreds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;P.S.: Device vendor does not matter here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28771" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T14:31:49.900" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30276" CreationDate="2017-10-27T14:50:41.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;How I've done this with protractor in the past is like...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;single suite &lt;code&gt;protractor config.js --suite A&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;multiple suites &lt;code&gt;protractor config.js --suite A,B,C&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: commas but no spaces between suite names&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm personally not sure that &lt;code&gt;--suites&lt;/code&gt; is valid in protractor CLI&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T14:50:41.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30274" CreationDate="2017-10-27T15:06:10.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe you can use an open-source automated testing tool providing the possibility to test on emulators (virtual phones). Some of these tools include: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scnsoft.com/blog/mobile-automated-testing-with-selenium-an-overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium-based Appium and Selendroid&lt;/a&gt;, which is tailored specifically for Android apps with API up to 19, Calabash, Robotium and more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28027" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T15:06:10.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29211" CreationDate="2017-10-27T20:40:18.657" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Extract the common code into a separate helper class (not a test class). Then have both test classes instantiate the helper and call its method to do the common task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could extract the common code into a base class, but base classes tend to become tangled or bloated as different subclasses demand different behavior from the base class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-10-27T20:40:18.657" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30286" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-28T08:39:49.120" Score="2" ViewCount="179" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How long one should prepare/study before taking the ISTQB foundation level exam ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is one month enough ?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28339" LastActivityDate="2017-10-28T08:39:49.120" Title="ISTQB Foundation Level Test Analyst" Tags="&lt;istqb&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-28T13:11:24.720" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30276" CreationDate="2017-10-28T11:23:45.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Need to enclose every suite in a separate square brackets.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;suites: {&#xA;  A: ['./Spec/Find_Account_Page/FindAccount_By_AccountInfo.js', './Spec/Find_Account_Page/FindAccount_By_UserInfo.js'],&#xA;  B: ['./Spec/LIST/*Spec.js'],&#xA;  C: ['./Spec/USER_ROLES/ACCMANG_USER_Role/*Spec.js'],&#xA;  D: ['./Spec/USER_ROLES/ADMIN_USER_Role/*Spec.js']         &#xA; },&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-10-28T11:23:45.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30288" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-28T21:14:43.167" Score="3" ViewCount="5413" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to compare two different tables using the method called &lt;code&gt;VerifyOrderSummary&lt;/code&gt; located at the end of the &lt;code&gt;main&lt;/code&gt; method below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;geckodriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new FirefoxDriver();   &#xA;&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&#xA;    Item testItem = Item.WRENCH;&#xA;&#xA;    driver.get(&quot;http://test.url/WebOrderScreen&quot;);&#xA;    AddItem(testItem);&#xA;    ChangeItemQuantity(testItem, 3);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement shoppingCartListContents = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;shopping-cart&quot;)).findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//tbody[@class='nx-list-contents']&quot;));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; shoppingCartRows = shoppingCartListContents.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    System.out.println(shoppingCartRows.size());&#xA;    System.out.println(shoppingCartRows.get(0).getText());&#xA;&#xA;    ClickWorkflowButton(Button.PAYMENTINFORMATION);&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement orderSummaryListContents = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;order-summary&quot;)).findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//tbody[@class='nx-list-contents']&quot;));&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; orderSummaryRows = orderSummaryListContents.findElements(By.tagName(&quot;tr&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    VerifyOrderSummary(shoppingCartRows, orderSummaryRows);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue i am seeing is that when i print out the first row of &lt;code&gt;shoppingRowCartsRows&lt;/code&gt; in the main method, it prints out correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but within the VerifyOrderSummary method, it prints out a blank line: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public static void VerifyOrderSummary(List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; shoppingCartRows, List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; orderSummaryRows) {      &#xA;&#xA;    //given the shopping cart rows and order summary rows, compare the two&#xA;&#xA;    for(int i = 0; i &amp;lt; shoppingCartRows.size(); i++) {&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;shopping cart row: &quot;+shoppingCartRows.get(i).getText());&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;order summary row: &quot;+orderSummaryRows.get(i).getText());&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        //          Assert.assertEquals(shoppingCartRows.get(i).getText(), orderSummaryRows.get(i).getText());&#xA;&#xA;        //System.out.println(models.get(i).getName());&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone tell me why that is happening? I'm completely lost at the moment. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9284" LastActivityDate="2019-12-22T12:00:41.137" Title="List of webelements getting cleared during my test run?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30289" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-29T11:28:49.360" Score="2" ViewCount="2018" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an automated testing background and have been asked to look into load testing, which has me a little confused. Can someone point me in the right direction to let me know what would be the most suitable tool for load testing based on the criteria below?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The site is an MVC .net website that uses IdentityServer for authentication.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I've tried record and playback of a simple log on and navigate to a page using microsofts load testing tools in visual studio, and NeoLoad. Both failed to successfully replay the tests due to the authentication. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The site only functions correctly if a single user is logged in at any one time. How would I load test this to ensure that say if a single test is run with 100 concurrent users over a period of 5 minutes, that each individual test execution is with a unique login? Or at least one that has been freed up?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When saving new data I need to be sure that the data is unique. How do I go about making sure each individual post request sends a unique message with random but valid data across each test? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some pointers for any tools that might achieve the above would be much appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28782" LastActivityDate="2018-12-02T19:03:30.493" Title="How to load test a site that requires individual logins" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30290" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-29T13:16:16.677" Score="3" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using JMeter to load test an Uber-like application. I have set it up so that in the first thread group the user logs in makes one request for a ride. In the second thread group &quot;Drive Login&quot; the user accepts the request, starts the ride from source and completes the trip when he reaches the destination. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm simulating this scenario with 10 users and 3 drivers so the request will come from the 10 users, then it will go to 3 drivers so they will first complete 3 requests, then three more, and so on up to 9 (I did it using a for loop controller) request means 9th user request and one user request will remain (10th user). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I get this far, all 3 drivers will start the trip for 10th user and it is never completing. That should not happen - one driver should accept one user request. How do I restrict the drivers so I do not have a user taking more than one trip at the same time? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used BeanShell assertion to interlink the thread, which is working fine. The problem is how to assign the remaining user to only one driver. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know how to do that in JMeter. Is this possible? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O8D0i.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/O8D0i.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-08-22T11:41:57.457" LastActivityDate="2020-01-19T13:01:05.120" Title="How to Handle the odd and even number of user in Two Thread Group in jMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30291" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-29T22:42:18.453" Score="2" ViewCount="85" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently working on running junit tests in Evosuite. Whenever I execute a test case, the structural coverage is not 100%, but around 90% or 85%. Is there a better way to know which &lt;strong&gt;structural units are not covered by the evosuite&lt;/strong&gt;? Here I am sharing a screenshot of the output as given by evosuite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/erlWl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/erlWl.png&quot; alt=&quot;Screenshot&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can provide any relevant info on how to know which &lt;strong&gt;strucutural units of the source code&lt;/strong&gt; were not covered?&#xA;Any tool which may help to detect such behavior can also be specified?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28345" LastEditorUserId="8964" LastEditDate="2018-10-24T07:58:26.847" LastActivityDate="2019-04-22T09:03:30.727" Title="Junit: how to know which structural units are not covered in test coverage?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14652" CreationDate="2017-10-30T00:33:11.450" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, I am using different approach automate rest services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Converting JSON schema / JSON files to Java Classes with help JSONschema2Pojo.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Using Spring Rest Template to make requests and get Responses as Java Object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;private TestRestTemplate rest = new TestRestTemplate();&#xA; ResponseEntity&amp;lt;ResponceObject&amp;gt; response = rest.getForEntity(&quot;URL&quot;, Request.class);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From here you can get http Headers as&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;HttpHeaders headers =  p.getHeaders();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Response body as -&lt;br&gt;&#xA;    &lt;code&gt;ResponceObject resBody = response.getbody();&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of this if We can use cucumber. we can have a lot reusability of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more Object Oriented way. I strongly disagree creating manual JSON files&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information can be found at.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jsonschema2pojo.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jsonschema2pojo&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-testresttemplate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;baeldung&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking to create sample Git projects on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28788" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T08:44:17.393" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T08:44:17.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30293" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14958" CreationDate="2017-10-30T00:37:39.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I am using different approach automate rest services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Coverting Json schema / Json files to java Classes with help JSONschema2Pojo. &#xA;2.Using Spring Rest Template to make requests and get Responses as Java Object. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TestRestTemplate rest = new TestRestTemplate();&#xA;        ResponseEntity response = rest.getForEntity(&quot;URL&quot;, Request.class);&#xA;       //From here you can get http Headers as&#xA;        HttpHeaders headers = p.getHeaders();&#xA;        //Response body as&#xA;        ResponceObject resBody = response.getbody();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On top of this if We can use cucumber. we can have a lot reusability of code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is more Object Oriented way. I strongly disagree creating manual Json files&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information can be found at. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jsonschema2pojo.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.jsonschema2pojo.org/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-testresttemplate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-testresttemplate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking creating sample git project on this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28788" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T05:11:43.387" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T05:11:43.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30294" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30277" CreationDate="2017-10-30T04:24:38.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all you need to configure &lt;code&gt;live.xml&lt;/code&gt; file and &lt;code&gt;test.xml&lt;/code&gt; file in your &lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt; file using &lt;code&gt;maven-surefire-plugin&lt;/code&gt;. You can do it in following way after your &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;maven-surefire-plugin&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.20.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&quot;xml-files/live.xml&quot;&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&quot;xml-files/test.xml&quot;&amp;lt;/suiteXmlFile&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/suiteXmlFiles&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then next you can run your &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; as it is..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T11:35:20.377" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T11:35:20.377" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30299" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-30T10:38:01.083" Score="1" ViewCount="136" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y0hNN.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y0hNN.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the html code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;a id=&quot;inputBox&quot; class=&quot;menulink menuhover&quot;&amp;gt;Scotia Mortgage&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;ul id=&quot;listOptions&quot; style=&quot;overflow: visible; display: block; height:     148px; z-index: 414; visibility: visible; opacity: 1;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;a class=&quot;sub &quot;&amp;gt;Credit Card&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;ul style=&quot;overflow: hidden; display: block; height: 0px; z-index: 415; opacity: 0.0153846;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;li class=&quot;topline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;a class=&quot;sub&quot;&amp;gt;American Express&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;ul style=&quot;overflow: hidden; display: block; height: 0px; z-index: 401; opacity: 0.0153846;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;li class=&quot;topline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;changeValue(this, 'AmExRegular')&quot;&amp;gt;Scotiabank American Express Card&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;changeValue(this, 'AmExGold')&quot;&amp;gt;Scotiabank Gold American Express Card&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;li class=&quot;bottomline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;changeValue(this, 'AmExPlatinum')&quot;&amp;gt;Scotiabank Platinum Amex Card&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;a class=&quot;sub &quot;&amp;gt;Master Card&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;ul style=&quot;overflow: hidden; display: block; height: 0px; z-index: 397; opacity: 0.0434783;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;li class=&quot;topbottomline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;changeValue(this, 'ScotiaMasterCard')&quot;&amp;gt;Scotia Momentum MasterCard&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;li class=&quot;bottomline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;a class=&quot;sub &quot;&amp;gt;VISA&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;ul style=&quot;overflow: hidden; display: block; height: 0px; z-index: 398; opacity: 0.00671141;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;a class=&quot;sub &quot;&amp;gt;Line of Credit&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;ul style=&quot;overflow: hidden; display: block; height: 0px; z-index: 417; opacity: 0.0116279;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;changeValue(this, 'OverdraftProtection')&quot;&amp;gt;Overdraft Protection&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;a id=&quot;mortgageItem&quot; onclick=&quot;changeValue(this, 'Mortgage')&quot;&amp;gt;Scotia Mortgage&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;changeValue(this, 'ScotiaPlanLoan')&quot;&amp;gt;Scotia Plan Loan&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;li class=&quot;bottomline&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;changeValue(this, 'TotalEquityPlanService')&quot;&amp;gt;Scotia Total Equity Plan&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While selecting &quot;Credit Card&quot; I used xpath as &lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='listOptions']/li[2]/a&lt;/code&gt; and then under Credit Card I have selected &quot;American Express&quot; by using xpath as &lt;code&gt;&quot;.//*[@id='listOptions']/li[2]/ul/li[1]/a&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. Both are working fine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But while selecting &quot;Scotiabank American Express Card&quot; I have used xpath as &lt;code&gt;&quot;.//*[@id='listOptions']/li[2]/ul/li[1]/ul/li[1]/a&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, this one is not working and got this below message, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with &#xA;Command duration or timeout: 15 milliseconds PFA&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28798" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T11:46:31.477" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:02:46.067" Title="I cannot find the locator for this dropdown list of below html code and PICture" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2017-10-30T16:29:51.823" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30290" CreationDate="2017-10-30T12:20:38.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the easiest solution would be going for &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/InterThreadCommunication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inter-Thread Communication plugin&lt;/a&gt;, this way you can make threads of &lt;code&gt;Driver-Thread Group&lt;/code&gt; to wait for threads from the &lt;code&gt;User-Thread Group&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/img/examples/SynchronizationPluginsExample.jmx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SynchronizationPluginsExample.jmx&lt;/a&gt; for using Inter-Thread Communication Pre and Post Processors for passing the data between thread groups. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can install Inter-Thread Communication Plugin using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cTSaF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/cTSaF.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Inter Thread Communication&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T12:20:38.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30289" CreationDate="2017-10-30T12:24:45.983" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Given you have &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Identity Server&lt;/a&gt; I guess your application uses either &lt;a href=&quot;http://openid.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OpenID&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://oauth.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OAuth&lt;/a&gt; therefore it is not something you can record and replay. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on exact authentication schema the steps to properly authorize the user would be different, check out the following material to get understanding on bypassing login challenge in your load test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-load-test-openid-secured-websites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Load Test OpenId Secured Websites&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-run-performance-tests-oauth-secured-apps-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Run Performance Tests on OAuth Secured Apps with JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T12:24:45.983" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30302" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-30T12:27:52.143" Score="1" ViewCount="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working in software qa company and facing an issue in executing scripts on Saucelab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got below error while executing single script using Android device on SauceLab using Mac machine which is automated using Ruby language:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error: unexpected response, code=200, content-type=&quot;&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: Same code works fine on Windows machine. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help on this would be highly appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T12:27:52.143" Title="Issue in script execution on Mac machine using SauceLab" Tags="&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-10-30T16:30:00.667" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30303" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30240" CreationDate="2017-10-30T13:25:24.763" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The process you describe sounds like an archaic waterfall-process with a lot of handovers from role to role. Which tends to be very ineffective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from&#xA;  &lt;strong&gt;self-organizing&lt;/strong&gt; teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Figure out together who has what responsibility in the team. Personally I prefer if QA and Developers pair both on programming as well as test-design. Quality should be a &lt;a href=&quot;http://lisacrispin.com/2011/04/26/the-whole-team-approach-in-practice/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;whole-team-approach&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same goes for requirements, work together with stakeholders, business-analist, developers and QA at the same time. For example in a &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/specification-by-example.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Specification by Example workshop&lt;/a&gt;, a session that could result in Cucumber like scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T13:25:24.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30304" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30306" CreationDate="2017-10-30T13:33:27.587" Score="2" ViewCount="893" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm absolutely new to Jmeter tool, so the question may be incorrect. &#xA;I'm trying to send API request which requires Digest auth. I tried to use HTTP Auth manager but it doesn't have all fileds to set, like nonce or opaque. Is there any way how to pass them in request using Jmeter tools?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance for any ideas!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26669" LastActivityDate="2018-03-22T11:13:20.750" Title="Pass nonce, opaque params using Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30305" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-30T13:48:58.297" Score="2" ViewCount="660" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using TestNG framework to automate mobile application. I want to capture endpoint url.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28256" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T15:43:09.443" Title="Is there any way to capture HTTP request and response in automation?" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30306" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30304" CreationDate="2017-10-30T14:15:48.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most probably you are testing an API protected by &lt;a href=&quot;https://oauth.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OAuth&lt;/a&gt; therefore:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;nonce&lt;/code&gt;: is basically a &lt;a href=&quot;https://adayinthelifeof.nl/2010/12/16/oauth-timestamps-and-nonces/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;number used once&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; so my expectation is that it is a some form of a timestamp so you should be able to generate one using JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__time&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__time() function&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;opaque&lt;/code&gt;: looking at &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RFC 6749&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An opaque value used by the client to maintain&#xA;       state between the request and callback.  The authorization&#xA;       server includes this value when redirecting the user-agent back&#xA;       to the client.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so you should get this &lt;code&gt;opaque&lt;/code&gt; state value from the previous response. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-run-performance-tests-oauth-secured-apps-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Run Performance Tests on OAuth Secured Apps with JMeter&lt;/a&gt; for more information on bypassing OAuth login challenge in JMeter tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T14:15:48.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30305" CreationDate="2017-10-30T14:55:20.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using RestAssured this can be achieved. &#xA;You can create a method which should have you request body and required headers. Pass the data in required format (as RestAssured Expects)&#xA;The outcome of this can be put in Response class of RestAssured.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28797" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T14:55:20.133" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30299" CreationDate="2017-10-30T15:59:51.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hey please try with this locator &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.cssSelectore(#listOptions li ul li li:nth-child(1))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, try to use CSS selectors as it is more effective and accurate as compared to xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28797" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-10-30T16:02:46.067" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:02:46.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30289" CreationDate="2017-10-30T16:16:26.157" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Disclosure: I have no first-hand experience with MSFT testing tools. For living, I do browser automation (for automated regression testing, load testing, and other tasks) using Selenium Webdriver and Python.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Record/playback in general are simple tools which do not give you much flexibility&lt;/strong&gt; about how to use them to task s just a bit off the path expected by designers. Real programming language (Like Python) allows test designer substantially increase the flexibility of what can be done and how. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, I have a (load) test which logs in as one of the random users from pre-selected set, selects a random data set (belonging to that user, and changing over time), and performs few operations with it. This kind of page interactions &lt;strong&gt;cannot be pre-recorded&lt;/strong&gt; (data changes over time, IDs are different every day), but the flexibility of Webdriver (ability to query the page and change behavior accordingly) makes it easy task (for a programmer with decent skills - no advanced skills are necessary).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice would be: &lt;strong&gt;upgrade your skills and your toolset&lt;/strong&gt;. Mastering a scripting language like Python will &lt;strong&gt;allow you to create tests scenarios as you want and need&lt;/strong&gt;, not as designers of your tool thought you may need, and were able to implement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:16:26.157" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30289" CreationDate="2017-10-30T16:20:05.653" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want to use a record and playback type of load/stress testing. I would suggest taking a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://gatling.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use Gatling to test a website that has thousands of logins. Gatling has the option to input from files using &lt;a href=&quot;https://gatling.io/docs/2.3/session/feeder/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;feeders&lt;/a&gt;. You would want to look at CSV feeders and having a csv with columns login name and password. Depending on how you want to run your load testing, the feeder can either be iterated upon, or randomized, etc etc. You would then use the data returned by the feeder to login. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Very easy to implement even if you are unfamiliar with scala.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15060" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T16:20:05.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30311" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-30T17:10:35.323" Score="5" ViewCount="1397" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently building a reporting tool with Selenium on Adwords. (And no, I cannot use Google's API because it doesn't provide the functionality I want).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to avoid logging in and logging out because I understand frequent logins and logouts are not as convenient as cookie-based authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have the following code: save.py&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try:&#xA;  driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;  driver.get('https://adwords.google.com')&#xA;  time.sleep(90)&#xA;  # Manually login to adwords page and wait&#xA;  pickle.dump( driver.get_cookies() , open(&amp;quot;cookies.pkl&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;wb&amp;quot;))&#xA;&#xA;finally:&#xA;  driver.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this: load.py&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try:&#xA;  driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;  cookies = pickle.load(open(&amp;quot;cookies.pkl&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;rb&amp;quot;))&#xA;  for cookie in cookies:&#xA;    driver.add_cookie(cookie)&#xA;&#xA;  driver.get('https://adwords.google.com/')&#xA;  time.sleep(60)&#xA;&#xA;finally:&#xA;  driver.close()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I first run load.py, I am actually able to see the spinner that shows up when one logs into Adwords. Shortly after however, I get logged out!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what is causing Google's authentication system to log me out. What do you think is the cause of this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28804" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T06:10:33.767" LastActivityDate="2020-12-07T15:05:45.677" Title="Selenium &amp; Adwords - How am I getting logged out?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30312" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-30T18:52:47.267" Score="5" ViewCount="13516" Body="&lt;p&gt;I noticed that starting Chrome 62, chrome disables Flash player by default.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wrote a simple selenium test to visit : &lt;a href=&quot;https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player.html&lt;/a&gt; and noticed that it does not enable flash player by default. The same test works fine and flash player is enabled in Chrome 61.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, another noticeable difference is that I am using chromedriver v2.32 when running tests on Chrome 61 and chromedriver v2.33 when running tests on Chrome 62.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried using the following solutions but none seems to work. I am using Java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions(); &#xA;options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;excludeSwitches&quot;, Arrays.asList(&quot;disable-component-update&quot;)); &#xA;WebDriver driver= new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tried using the flag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;--disable-bundled-ppapi-flash&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;None of them seem to work and flash player is always disabled no matter what flag I use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2019-05-16T12:21:47.037" Title="Enable Flash player on Chrome 62 while running selenium test" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;&lt;flash&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30313" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-30T19:03:35.633" Score="0" ViewCount="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;How do companies do this typically? Is there any metadata linkage between test cases and code components covered?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28721" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T20:38:13.870" Title="Looking for a way to identify tests to deprecate/remove based on code changes" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-10-30T22:21:43.013" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30313" CreationDate="2017-10-30T20:38:13.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do companies do this typically?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the past I've used checkin comments as input to the process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But there's nothing simple or automatic about it. They are simply clues as to which tests might need to be revised or deprecated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T20:38:13.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22452" CreationDate="2017-10-30T21:53:25.133" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using text values to identify elements is not good practice for this very reason. (And because the text may be changed later in the development life cycle of your product)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best way to solve this is to get your developers to assign a unique identifier to the control. The exact property to set will depend on platform/UI library.&#xA;On Windows you might use the AutomationId or tag property, on Android it would be rId.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming a change was made to your unit under test to add a proper identifier, your new XPath might look something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/form/text[@tag='signInText']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28810" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T21:53:25.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30316" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30262" CreationDate="2017-10-30T23:28:03.830" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's start from your initial mandate. &quot;Automated testing&quot; can be a pretty vast land to explore. Leave the unit tests as they are for now and focus on the doubts you are having for integration tests. I presume here that you have none.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By looking at Wikipedia's definition of &quot;integration testing&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Integration testing (sometimes called integration and&#xA;  testing, abbreviated I&amp;amp;T) is the phase in software testing&#xA;  in which individual software modules are combined and&#xA;  tested as a group. It occurs after unit testing and before&#xA;  validation testing. Integration testing takes as its input&#xA;  modules that have been unit tested, groups them in larger&#xA;  aggregates, applies tests defined in an integration test&#xA;  plan to those aggregates, and delivers as its output the&#xA;  integrated system ready for system testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to understand the following keywords:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Combined software modules&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tested as a group&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Occurs after unit testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Output ... ready for system testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From this definition, applied to your context, you can understand that integration tests won't require mocking and can be combined with other webservices that make the functionnality work. So everything needs to happen when your webservice is running. You will need to generate code somewhere that can make calls to your service the same way it would happen in real life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even the above definition can be wrong for some people. What I usually do for my services is to get from the product owner or the people paid to know what this service is used for to tell me its purpose in &lt;strong&gt;the system&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I know that, I prepare potential positive (happy scenarios) calls to that service that would occur in real life. These calls come with their expectations that will become part of the integration test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I fill the holes with negative call scenarios that could also happen and the service needs to react according to your expectation. This will again be part of your integration test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But this is only my opinion. Before you go forward, make sure you understand what the service has to do in your system. Once you know that, it will be clear what needs to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28811" LastActivityDate="2017-10-30T23:28:03.830" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30317" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26741" CreationDate="2017-10-31T01:09:27.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't normally use python for my automation work so I apologize that I can't speak to the exact problem you're experiencing with your code, however in the languages I'm more familiar with I usually shortcut &quot;choose an option from a dropdown&quot; by interacting directly with the option and ignoring a two-click approach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(by.xpath(&quot;//select[@ng-model='quote.labelId']/option[@value='0']&quot;)).click()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I look for the select tag you're trying to interact with (for your provided html, narrowing by ng-model was excessive), look for its child with the value you're trying to get, then I select it with a click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T01:09:27.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30318" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-31T04:15:00.017" Score="4" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am about to graduate with a BS in software development. I am proficient in Java, javascript, html, and css, but I feel like I'd like to orient my career more toward software testing and QA than actual developing. I've been applying to junior positions here in Dallas, TX and have an interview upcoming for a contract-to-hire position as a junior software QA analyst. On conversion, the salary would be 45k, not sure what it is on contract but will ask at interview. Thing is, I will be leaving a solid, stable job that pays 32k, but it's in a call center. I hate it and it's not at all related to what I want to do with my life. My current company does not have any opportunities that would align with my career aspirations. I'm worried about taking the position and not being coverted in the end, but at least I'd have actual testing experience when it comes time to looking for my next role. Any advice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28814" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T11:14:07.050" Title="Contract-to-hire - viable to break into industry?" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30320" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-31T07:34:54.893" Score="2" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used to find an element using jQuery select0r.&#xA;This is how am trying to find out the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var linkDom = new DomElement(DomElementType.JQuerySelector, string.Format(&quot;{0} a:icontains(\&quot;{1}\&quot;)&quot;, tableDataElement.AttributeValue, columnName));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium.WebDriver.Extensions.3.0.1 and \Selenium.WebDriver.3.6.0.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Till updating the version to 3.7 NUnit console everything was fine.&#xA;now entire suite is very slow and elements are not picking using jquery.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have an idea about this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24567" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:48:16.283" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:48:16.283" Title="JQuery Not working after updating NUNIT to 3.7" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30323" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30262" CreationDate="2017-10-31T10:09:13.233" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If this was my piece of work, I'd be firstly focusing on the API.  To test the API, look at SoapUI, JMeter (I know this is primarily used for load but you can test an API with it), Postman or even your own home baked solution in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd firstly look at testing the parameters for a given service.  E.g. if a login API, make sure you get a meaningful error for no username, invalid credentials etc. etc.  As mentioned elsewhere, you'd be thinking, &quot;thats's hundreds of combinations&quot;.  Peter Masiar's point around test most common first then edge cases as time permits.  In terms of your test, again using the Login API as an example, in SoapUi, I'd created a single data-driven test.  I'd then put my scenarios into Excel.  The data driven test calls the Login API for each row in the spreadsheet.  In the Spreadsheet, you can put in your params as well a the expected message to be returned....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Id Test Description            Username    Password    Expected message&#xA;1       No credentials supplied.                            No user or password supplied&#xA;2       No username                             Bar Invalid credentials supplied&#xA;3       No password                 Foo                     Invalid credentials supplied&#xA;4       Wrong password              Foo         Barrr       Invalid credentials supplied&#xA;5       Valid credentials           Foo         Bar         Login Successful&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The beauty of the data driven test is you minimise the number of 'tests' in your suite, but get the benefit of testing lots of combinations.  Plus, when you think of a new edge case, e.g. invalid chars in username, then you just add a row to the spreadsheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have tested a web service for positive and neagative values, then think about use cases.  E.g. saveCourse and getCourse.  In a single test, I'd create a course and then with the values I supplied to saveCourse, I'd attempt a getCourse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you have confidence in the API and the GUI is less likely to change, then I'd look at automating the GUI....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T10:09:13.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30318" CreationDate="2017-10-31T11:14:07.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To start with I'll answer your question directly. Yes contract roles are a viable way to gain industry experience and enable transitions into permanent roles. While I certainly can't make this decision for you (I don't know the Dallas market) I'd be happy to braindump what I normally look for as a QA hiring manager for web companies in NC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because I work in smaller startup environments these candidates are expected to be able to grow into a cross functional QA role (usually manual testing + some form of automation). Many larger companies may have different expectations. During an interview, I expect junior-level to be able to demonstrate a testing mindset in addition to speaking to several of these areas of development knowledge...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic programming, at least through OOP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Background with selenium or other application/web driver tools&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Familiarity with HTTP requests (verbs, some understanding of how to use the common ones, background in http gui clients like Postman)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depth of experience using SQL (CRUD then into joins at minimum)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use of something like dev tools in Chrome or Firebug in Firefox during their testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ability to use linux command line to navigate a file system and do other basics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a candidate can actually respond confidently to many of these areas I usually know I've found someone primed for growth into more advanced QA roles.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now back to you specifically, from your original question you mention&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience in 2 programming languages suitable for writing automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some understanding of the technology used to construct websites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An interest in the testing area of software dev specifically&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While I'm working off of a really short resume/CV my initial impression is that you could probably make more than 45k in a number of job markets (including mine) if you're able to interview well and back up those skills. This might be a viable entry point into the industry for you but I'd encourage you to not settle and use sites like Glassdoor to gauge salary ranges for your region as your contract nears an end. The market for competent, technical QA is white hot right now and we shouldn't sell ourselves short.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T11:14:07.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30325" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-31T11:52:01.140" Score="1" ViewCount="8007" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my application, with respect to user access some elements in drop down will be enabled/disabled.I have to check whether the particular element is disabled or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27398" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T17:16:57.703" Title="How to test disabled or inactive element in a drop down or list using selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30325" CreationDate="2017-10-31T12:17:29.970" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If the element you're trying to find has a literal &quot;disabled&quot; attribute you're probably looking for &lt;code&gt;someElement.isEnabled()&lt;/code&gt; which would return a boolean based on the outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T12:17:29.970" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30327" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-10-31T13:21:32.870" Score="2" ViewCount="7308" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to post different json body , but same set of set of steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ie., request builder, header and assertion.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to implement cucumber data table for different set of json?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24537" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T07:35:17.187" Title="How to implement the cucumber data table for different JSON post using java?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30312" CreationDate="2017-10-31T16:27:19.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on how you are running your tests: if you have access to the registry of the running machine, you should be able to edit one of these: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chromium.org/administrators/policy-list-3#DefaultPluginsSetting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DefaultPluginsSetting&lt;/a&gt; - Can set flash to auto-run everywhere (not recommended for a machine that any human will actually use).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;White-list the sites needed with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chromium.org/administrators/policy-list-3#PluginsAllowedForUrls&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PluginsAllowedForUrls&lt;/a&gt; (recommended if any humans use the machine).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course if you aren't using a machine you control (eg: a browserstack/sauce labs instances), this won't work.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23807" LastActivityDate="2017-10-31T16:27:19.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29559" CreationDate="2017-10-31T20:29:21.997" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This might not be the best solution, but it should work.&#xA;Note that I'm making two assumptions about your test target:  &lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  1) That the first element you are trying to click is a link, otherwise change the 'a' in the XPath to the appropriate HTML tag for your target element.&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;  2) The elements in your list do not share the same direct parent, in that case, you could use the XPath: &lt;code&gt;&quot;//a[@class='store-name'][&quot;+i+&quot;]&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; d=driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;store-name&quot;));&#xA;System.out.println(d.size());&#xA;for(int i=1;i&amp;lt;=d.size();i++) {&#xA;    WebElement d1=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;(//a[@class='store-name'])[&quot;+i+&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;    System.out.println(d1.getText());&#xA;    d1.click();&#xA;&#xA;    WebElement e=driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;comp-contact&quot;));&#xA;    e.getText();&#xA;    System.out.println(e.getText());&#xA;    Thread.sleep(500);&#xA;    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; &#xA;    js.executeScript(&quot;window.history.go(-1)&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I couldn't think of a good way to loop through the elements without using xpath or rebuilding the list.  If you're against using xpath you could also remake the list and get the relevant element from it: &lt;br/&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; dLoop=driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;store-name&quot;));&#xA;WebElement d1 = dLoop.get(i);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20823" LastEditorUserId="20823" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T11:53:43.307" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T11:53:43.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30331" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30340" CreationDate="2017-11-01T06:22:07.467" Score="1" ViewCount="249" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some selenium scripts for my project. I have developed and tested on windows 7 OS.But I would like to know whether these same scripts will run successfully on different versions of windows OS like windows 8, 8.1 and windows 10 etc..If not please let me know the reason behind in it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share your ideas and experiences.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T10:12:34.363" Title="Selenium scripts will run successfully on different versions of windows OS?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;windows&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30335" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30263" CreationDate="2017-11-01T09:08:26.063" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The file is being &lt;strong&gt;generated&lt;/strong&gt; when you &lt;strong&gt;start&lt;/strong&gt; JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP(S) Test Script Recorder&lt;/a&gt;, if you haven't started it ever - you will not find the file anywhere. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you started the proxy server you should be able to find the &lt;code&gt;ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;either under &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation if you installed it manually from &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Downloads&lt;/a&gt; page &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;or under &lt;code&gt;/usr/local/Cellar/jmeter/x.x/libexec/bin/&lt;/code&gt; folder if you installed JMeter using &lt;a href=&quot;https://brew.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Homebrew&lt;/a&gt; (where &lt;code&gt;x.x&lt;/code&gt; stands for JMeter version)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case of more &quot;exotic&quot; JMeter installation or execution scenarios you can search your whole system from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(macOS)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Terminal&lt;/a&gt; application with the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo find / -name ApacheJMeterTemporaryRootCA.crt&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware of the alternative way of recording a JMeter test, in this case you won't have to worry about proxies and SSL certificates, moreover it automatically detects any dynamic elements and performs correlation by adding the relevant Regular Expression Extractors. Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-cut-your-jmeter-scripting-time-80&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Cut Your JMeter Scripting Time by 80%&lt;/a&gt; article for more details. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T09:08:26.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30189" CreationDate="2017-11-01T09:38:28.263" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In TestNG using &lt;code&gt;@parameter&lt;/code&gt; annotation you can run your test cases in different browsers.&#xA;In &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; File, you have to pass the browser value in the parameter tag which you have specified in the test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27479" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T12:23:08.953" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T12:23:08.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30338" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30200" CreationDate="2017-11-01T09:48:33.653" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I actually ended up doing to resolve this, was to put my call to &lt;code&gt;closeDlg()&lt;/code&gt; inside a &lt;code&gt;browser.call()&lt;/code&gt;, i.e. changed my test case to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('should navigate to the Charts page', function() {&#xA;    browser.waitForAngularEnabled(false);&#xA;    browser.actions().mouseMove(chartsMenuBtn).perform();&#xA;    chartsMenuBtn.click();&#xA;    browser.waitForAngularEnabled(true);&#xA;    browser.call(closeDlg);&#xA;    expect(browser.getCurrentUrl()).toBe(VM + '/#/charts/');&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T09:48:33.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30340" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30331" CreationDate="2017-11-01T10:12:34.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes of course.. I have experience on that some times i write some scripts on windows 7 environment and run it on windows 10 environment.it works perfectly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you need to give attention for one reason that is if you using jar files or libraries when creating script you need to configure that files in your running environment also when or before running the scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Actually i did not test my scripts with windows XP environment. but in windows 7,8,8.1 and 10, scripts execute perfectly for me.)       &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T10:12:34.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30341" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-01T10:30:33.697" Score="3" ViewCount="91" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to get suggestions from YouTube search text box.&#xA;So far I was doing somthing like below code.&#xA;But nothing works for me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got data on the List, but the &quot;aa&quot; text was  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;null&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            IWebDriver driver  = CodedUITest1.driver;&#xA;            driver = new ChromeDriver(@&quot;C:\Driver\&quot;);&#xA;            // driver = new PhantomJSDriver(@&quot;C:\Driver\&quot;);&#xA;            // driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;https://www.youtube.com&quot;);&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(5000);&#xA;            //driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;logo-icon-container&quot;)).Click();&#xA;            //Keyboard.SendKeys(&quot;{Tab}&quot;);&#xA;            Keyboard.SendKeys(SearchText);&#xA;            Thread.Sleep(3000);&#xA;            IWebElement elm = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;div.gstl_50.sbdd_a&quot;));&#xA;            IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; list = elm.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;div&quot;));&#xA;            string aa = list[3].Text;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After some times playing with the code i got 10 items for my &lt;code&gt;list&lt;/code&gt; item.&#xA;But still the &lt;code&gt;string aa&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement elm = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector(&quot;ul.sbsb_b&quot;));&#xA;        IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; list = elm.FindElements(By.TagName(&quot;b&quot;));&#xA;        string aa = list[3].Text;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="21539" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T01:14:58.560" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T01:14:58.560" Title="Need to get search suggestions from you tube selenium c#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30048" CreationDate="2017-11-01T10:31:16.363" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Finally i had a found a solution to merge multiple coverage reports into single coverage object with istanbul-combine package.&#xA; For Reference, refer the following link.[&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/istanbul-combine]&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.npmjs.com/package/istanbul-combine]&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I had generated the coverage reporter output as json objects. After json coverage reports generated in the respective folder, I had merged them with istanbul-combine package. This package used for combining coverage reports from multiple objects into single html coverage report.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My Solution is given below:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var combine = require('istanbul-combine');&#xA;.....&#xA;.....&#xA;.....&#xA;/**&#xA;* Generates html code coverage report in folder codecoverage/pack1&#xA;*/&#xA;gulp.task('generate_coverage1', function () {&#xA;     var opts = {&#xA;     dir: 'cireports/codecoverage/pack1',                       &#xA;     pattern: 'cireports/reporters/pack1/*.json',               &#xA;     print: 'none',                                            &#xA;     reporters: {&#xA;        html: {}&#xA;     }&#xA;};&#xA;combine.sync(opts);&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;/**&#xA; * Generates html code coverage report in folder codecoverage/pack2&#xA;*/&#xA;gulp.task('generate_coverage2', function () {&#xA;    var opts = {&#xA;    dir: 'cireports/codecoverage/pack2',                       &#xA;    pattern: 'cireports/reporters/pack2/*.json',               &#xA;    print: 'none',                                           &#xA;    reporters: {&#xA;        html: {}&#xA;    }&#xA;};&#xA;combine.sync(opts);&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regards,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Creator&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27557" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T10:31:16.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30343" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30327" CreationDate="2017-11-01T10:37:41.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://collectiveidea.com/blog/archives/2011/07/12/test-your-api-with-cucumber-and-json_spec&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;? Maybe it gives you some idea.&#xA;It is combination of Cucumber and JSON_SPEC.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Otherwise you can always load different data from different JSON files as resources.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T10:37:41.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30341" CreationDate="2017-11-01T10:54:52.023" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;i think reason is when you search something in you-tube suggestions are displayed as drop down, if you check that suggestions using firebug or any other inspect element tool you will see all the suggestions are in disable mode.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so i think that the reason your aa result get null value   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T10:54:52.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30345" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30406" CreationDate="2017-11-01T12:13:19.667" Score="3" ViewCount="50" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got a class with a private collection &lt;code&gt;_blockRegister&lt;/code&gt;, and a method that mutates this collection &lt;code&gt;RegisterBlockType&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class FileBlocksParser&#xA;{&#xA;    private readonly Dictionary&amp;lt;uint, IFileBlockParser&amp;gt; _blockRegister = new Dictionary&amp;lt;uint, IFileBlockParser&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;    public void RegisterBlockType(IFileBlockParser blockParser)&#xA;    {&#xA;        if (!_blockRegister.ContainsKey(blockParser.BlockType))&#xA;        {&#xA;            _blockRegister.Add(blockParser.BlockType, blockParser);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    ....&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've come to unit testing this class, and it seems pretty logical to test whether registering a block type works. However, it's acting only on a private field. I don't want to make the field public, as that would expose it to being made invalid. I'm not sure there's a real reason to add some way of retrieving registered blocks, except for the sake of testing that blocks have been added in the unit tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What would be best-practice for testing a method like this that has no measurable (immediate) impact out-side of the class?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add in a public &lt;code&gt;GetRegisteredBlockTypes&lt;/code&gt; method just for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Use reflection or similar to check private field (brittle? I shouldn't really care how it's being registered internally... Which leads me to 3.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or should I not test it at all? Ultimately, if it's not registering them, the class would fail the later unit tests (testing the other functionality of the class would require a mock IFileBlockParser to be registered, so it would fail)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18155" LastEditorUserId="18155" LastEditDate="2017-11-01T15:08:13.057" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T22:02:11.337" Title="Testing a public method that performs action/mutation of private fields" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30341" CreationDate="2017-11-01T12:16:00.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your locator is wrong.&#xA;The list items in the search autocomplete have specific classes, so you can find them using the CSS selector &lt;code&gt;.sbsb_c.gsfs&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, use an explicit wait instead of &lt;code&gt;Thread.Sleep()&lt;/code&gt; because you're never sure you will get a response in three seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T12:16:00.933" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30325" CreationDate="2017-11-01T17:16:57.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Also, you can use XPath to identify the disabled elements in dropdown &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex:- &lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//option[@disabled=&quot;disabled&quot;]&quot;))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T17:16:57.703" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30327" CreationDate="2017-11-01T18:46:20.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Karate&lt;/a&gt; I think it is exactly what you are looking for, and it has some pretty advanced data-driven testing capabilities that go beyond what the default Cucumber &lt;code&gt;Examples&lt;/code&gt; tables give you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is one advanced example: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate/blob/master/karate-demo/src/test/java/demo/search/dynamic-params.feature&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;dynamic-params.feature&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T18:46:20.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30311" CreationDate="2017-11-01T20:07:08.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is because you are closing the webdriver window and disposing the profile. Google will track your session and for safety reasons will not allow to log in to account from different browser with the same session. Try to save your browser profile and load it for each test. Profile, session and cookies will be same and they shouldn't have problem with it then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am sorry i can't help you with saving and loading profile because i use C# and JS for testing, but you can try this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31062789/how-to-load-default-profile-in-chrome-using-python-selenium-webdriver&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31062789/how-to-load-default-profile-in-chrome-using-python-selenium-webdriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will use your default chrome profile, but should be just few changes away from pretty great solution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22796" LastActivityDate="2017-11-01T20:07:08.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30352" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-02T02:18:18.273" Score="4" ViewCount="288" Body="&lt;p&gt;It doesn't come to me, in my head, how I should build a project big enough, like abig software, so I can test it.&#xA;I've been reading about testing and I wanna to learn it from zero.&#xA;The language that I know is Java. So I wanna know a to-do list to become a professional tester. &#xA;Thanks for everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT: My idea is to become a tester, so I need somewhere to start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28853" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-04T10:33:17.700" LastActivityDate="2018-07-01T09:58:34.523" Title="How do I build a personal project big enough to learn from automated testing it?" Tags="&lt;bdd&gt;&lt;tdd&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-07-01T14:27:16.890" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30352" CreationDate="2017-11-02T04:44:26.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To become a professional tester you have to keep a note on the below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should be &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Passionate about Testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attitude to break the code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analytical and Logical skills.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think like an End user while Testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good Communication skills.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always keep you updated with the latest trends in Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T08:01:46.990" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T08:01:46.990" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30196" CreationDate="2017-11-02T06:23:01.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before couple of months i did some Desktop automation using Sikuli..Sikuli may be helpful to you &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here i mentioned few Practical Uses of sikuli&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Using Sikuli we can automate desktop applications.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It provides, simple API. i.e. all methods can be accessed using&#xA;screen class object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It can be easily integrated with Selenium and all other tools.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most of the automation testing tools will not support flash object&#xA;automation (E.g. Selenium). Sikuli provides extensive support to&#xA;automate flash objects. It uses powerful “Visual Match” mechanism to&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;automate desktop &amp;amp; flash objects&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T06:23:01.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30355" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30097" CreationDate="2017-11-02T06:25:40.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before a couple of months, I did some Desktop automation using Sikuli. Sikuli may be helpful to you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I mentioned few Practical Uses of sikuli&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Using Sikuli we can automate desktop applications.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It provides, simple API. i.e. all methods can be accessed using&#xA;screen class object.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It can be easily integrated with Selenium and all other tools.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Most of the automation testing tools will not support flash object&#xA;automation (E.g. Selenium). Sikuli provides extensive support to&#xA;automate flash objects. It uses powerful “Visual Match” mechanism to&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;automate desktop &amp;amp; flash objects.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:16:32.353" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:16:32.353" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30352" CreationDate="2017-11-02T06:46:39.710" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Need to do following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn Phases of software development&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to learn why testing is necessary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Need to think logically where ans what functionality of an software should have and is software fullfilled the requirement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn types od testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Should have good communication and written skills&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test an application as End user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T06:46:39.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30357" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30352" CreationDate="2017-11-02T06:58:43.120" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;To learn TDD I suggest doing a kata everyday. Start with the &lt;a href=&quot;http://osherove.com/tdd-kata-1/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;String Calculator Kata&lt;/a&gt; and do it test-driven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://leanpub.com/codingdojohandbook&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;coding dook handbook&lt;/a&gt; has loads more example kata's to practise and learn the following skills:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;test design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;refactoring safely&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;naming tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;driving code with tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;designing clean code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also read &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321146530&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Driven Development: By Example&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T08:01:40.210" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T08:01:40.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30359" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30352" CreationDate="2017-11-02T07:54:38.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;@Frank I think for most successful new testers the testing mindset usually precedes a lot of the technical skill depth. When I talk to people starting their testing careers one of my go-to speeches can be summarized as &quot;The only difference between complaining or discussing an application vs testing it is how clearly and thoroughly you document the actual outcome and expected outcome of problems as you encounter them&quot;. Many people are able to navigate around applications and look for problems but testing is really about turning these findings into actionable tasks for your development team and that's where effective communication is so critical. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A rampup for many brand new testers will look like this...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) When the application doesn't do what you expected, practice both speaking and writing what you did, what you expected the application to do, and what it actually did. If you have a friend who wouldn't mind reading your results, see what parts are or aren't understandable to them and focus on improving areas of misunderstanding in the future. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) As you get more comfortable communicating your findings and your understanding of the application grows, you can communicate even more effectively if you're able to expand or refine your vocabulary. Much of this (ex: development,  UX, design terms) will be common vocabulary for most software shops but some might be specific to the application you're testing. Pay attention to how your peers talk about the application under test and try to be clear and consistent with their standard terminology.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Look for ways your can include even more information about your testing results. This may be the use of screenshots, video, application logs, information from Dev Tools or other ways to see a little under the hood. This will become especially important as the complexity of your testing targets and their business requirements grow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Figure out how to test more/faster in the specific situation you find yourself in. Usually this will eventually involve channeling your new-found ability to understand and describe the application and turn it into test automation or scripts that reflect this understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T07:54:38.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30360" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30371" CreationDate="2017-11-02T09:19:09.240" Score="2" ViewCount="6736" Body="&lt;p&gt;What should testers do if the developer rejects the issue posted on the defect tracking tool? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I am using a defect tracking tool where a developer has done this I want to know: can I ask him to resolve, or is there any other way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28858" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T11:29:54.677" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T16:59:26.493" Title="What should I do when my defect is rejected?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30361" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30382" CreationDate="2017-11-02T09:49:04.327" Score="1" ViewCount="460" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have created test script for the upload file.&#xA;In the script, I have written the code for upload different kind of file and check the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But i have confusion about passing multiple data to the excel. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication2&quot;)&#xA;public static Object[][] credential2()&#xA;{&#xA;    List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; invaliddatalist=Arrays.asList(filepathinvalid,filepathinvalid2);&#xA;    int len=invaliddatalist.size();&#xA;    Object[][] objArray = new Object[len][];&#xA;        for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;len;i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            objArray[i] = new Object[1];&#xA;            objArray[i][0] = invaliddatalist.get(i);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    return objArray;            &#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public void Wrongdata(String[] appdata) throws InterruptedException &#xA;{&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  &#xA;        // List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; invaliddataList = Arrays.asList(filepathinvalid,filepathinvalid2); &#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;        WebElement choosefile=m1.getDriver().findElement(By.name(&quot;files&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;appdata.length;i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;             choosefile.sendKeys(appdata[i]);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement upload=m1.getDriver().findElement(By.id(&quot;register-button&quot;));&#xA;        upload.submit();&#xA;        WebElement dialog=m1.getDriver().findElement(By.id(&quot;dialog-notifications-error&quot;));&#xA;        String errforinvaliddata=dialog.getText();&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;err for invalid data-&amp;gt;&quot;+errforinvaliddata);&#xA;        String msg=&quot;Only pdf files are allowed.&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;        if(msg.equals(errforinvaliddata))&#xA;        {&#xA;            for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;appdata.length;i++)&#xA;            {&#xA;                uploadinfo.put(&quot;i&quot;, new Object[] { i,appdata[i],&quot;Fail&quot; });&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            Assert.assertTrue(false);&#xA;            m1.getDriver().navigate().back();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            String url=m1.getDriver().getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;errorurl-&amp;gt;&quot;+url);&#xA;            String exppath=&quot;https://veridocglobal.com/errorpage.htm?aspxerrorpath=/Document/Create&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;            if(url.equals(exppath))&#xA;            {&#xA;                //uploadinfo.put(&quot;3&quot;, new Object[] { &quot;3&quot;,p1,&quot;error&quot; });&#xA;                Assert.assertTrue(false);&#xA;                m1.getDriver().navigate().back();&#xA;&#xA;            }       &#xA;        }       &#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;@AfterClass&#xA;public void afterclassmethod() throws IOException&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;    Set &amp;lt; String &amp;gt; keyid = uploadinfo.keySet();&#xA;    int rowid = 0;&#xA;&#xA;    for (String key : keyid) &#xA;    {&#xA;             HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowid++);&#xA;             Object [] objectArr = uploadinfo.get(key);&#xA;             int cellid = 0;&#xA;&#xA;             for (Object obj : objectArr) &#xA;             {&#xA;                Cell cell = row.createCell(cellid++);&#xA;                cell.setCellValue((String)obj);&#xA;             }&#xA;     }&#xA;     FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(&quot;path&quot;));&#xA;     workbook1.write(out);&#xA;     out.close();&#xA;     System.out.println(&quot;xlsx written successfully&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T12:17:39.253" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T05:51:11.840" Title="How to display multiple parameter value in excel report in TestNG" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30360" CreationDate="2017-11-02T10:48:47.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our software qa company developers provide's resolution (Not a Bug, Cannot Reproduce) for the defect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check resolution or ask developer to provide resolution for the defect. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further if you want the bug to be fixed as it is impacting the release, you can increase the severity of the defect and Assign the defect to Product owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastEditorUserId="18467" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T10:54:06.033" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T10:54:06.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30363" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="381" CreationDate="2017-11-02T11:00:51.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tests serve effectively for multi-browser testing where old code may introduce new bugs and those can be caught. Because latest versions can cause compatibility issue with old stable code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also for multi-user and load testing, new bugs can be found with the help of automated tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if system environment or configuration related any changes happens and new bugs introduce, those can be marked by this automated checks.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, &quot;automated tests don't find new bugs&quot;- is not always right! But honest confession is- most of the time it is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T11:00:51.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30364" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-02T12:09:33.533" Score="1" ViewCount="1380" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I have windows ec2 instance running my selenium tests. I invoke the tests from Jenkins which runs the test in the configured node. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes the problem might be that the ec2 instance might be turned off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I integrate starting the launching of the aws windows machine in my scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T17:36:57.193" Title="Automate AWS ec2 instance start up while running automation testing" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30365" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30360" CreationDate="2017-11-02T12:16:48.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;So far as per my 3+ QA experience,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's depends on your bug severity, If it really a bug and can impact the product some where. In this case if you really thinks that particular issue should be resolved but developer is not ready to resolved it then you have to approach you upper level person. Somewhere your QA team Lead if not there and you are assigned individually to a development team then you have to approach him/her.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you have to accept the decision what your senior person has taken. and maintain the status and comment in that issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you are facing developer only then you have to take developer comment in that task. Why that issue can not resolve. So in future nobody blame you that why don't you raise this issue before.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If its a suggestion only and not mentioned anywhere so hardly. So in that case you can also take decision to close.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T12:16:48.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30364" CreationDate="2017-11-02T12:24:40.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably there are jenkins plugins that are capable to doing that.&#xA;Anyway, You can always create simple script that will use AWS REST API.&#xA;Bellow You will find AWS API reference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/Welcome.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amazon EC2 API Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T12:24:40.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30369" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-02T15:56:42.263" Score="1" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;how to get the dynamically genarted text Using Selenium Webdriver and pass it onto sql query ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not a developer, but I know java programing concept, I am learning selenium and java for automation testing. have never used so far. and I need to get a text and sent it to sql query &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28867" LastEditorUserId="28867" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T09:05:09.063" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T09:05:09.063" Title="how to get the dynamically genarted text Using Selenium Webdriver and pass it onto sql query?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-11-02T17:48:45.833" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30360" CreationDate="2017-11-02T16:50:50.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is also option in defect tracking tools for comments by developers. When developer rejects some defect on defect tracking tool, he also mention his or her comments there. You can read that for the reason of rejecting. Then you can personally discuss with the developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often it happens that a defect coming on your pc does not happen in developer pcs. &lt;em&gt;It is said as defect has not REPRODUCED on developer pc.&lt;/em&gt; Tester should first check this on his own machine that whether is coming or not. Then tester job is then to try to reproduce it on the developer pc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be several reasons due to which defect is not reproduced on developer pc. Few of them mentioned below(mostly related to web applications):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Check the configuration of your application whether it is same on your pc and developer pc. For example there may be some configuration parameter in your application which you are testing that may not be set same in developer pc as it is on your testing environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) Check the configuration of browsers on which you are testing your application if it is web application. For example in IE often this issue raised due to the different document modes(by pressing f12 in IE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example of this is compatible modes setting on developer and tester browsers should be same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3)Screen layout defects can be rejected due to different screen resolutions on tester and developer machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4)Often just cleaning the cache of browsers of developer machine sometimes reproduced the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) Often it happens that developer has tested it on desktop while tester has tested it on laptops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6) Often it happens that tester raise some defect but that is just coming due to &lt;em&gt;refreshing&lt;/em&gt; not done since long time on your application being tested. These defects do not come on developer machines so got rejected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7) Some times developers do not check it carefully(there may some negligence on their part). In this case tester should consult developer and try to reproduce the defect on their machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A similar question can be found at &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/30069/ui-validation-bug-not-reproducible-on-dev-environment/30372#30372&quot;&gt;ui-validation-bug-not-reproducible-on-dev-environment&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="7614" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T16:59:26.493" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T16:59:26.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30069" CreationDate="2017-11-02T16:57:25.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is also option in defect tracking tools for comments by developers. When developer rejects some defect on defect tracking tool, he also mention his or her comments there. You can read that for the reason of rejecting. Then you can personally discuss with the developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often it happens that a defect coming on your pc does not happen in developer pcs. It is said as defect has not REPRODUCED on developer pc. Tester should first check this on his own machine that whether is coming or not. Then tester job is then to try to reproduce it on the developer pc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be several reasons due to which defect is not reproduced on developer pc. Few of them mentioned below(mostly related to web applications):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check the configuration of your application whether it is same on your pc and developer pc. For example there may be some configuration parameter in your application which you are testing that may not be set same in developer pc as it is on your testing environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Check the configuration of browsers on which you are testing your application if it is web application. For example in IE often this issue raised due to the different document modes(by pressing f12 in IE).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example of this is compatible modes setting on developer and tester browsers should be same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Screen layout defects can be rejected due to different screen resolutions on tester and developer machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Often just cleaning the cache of browsers of developer machine sometimes reproduced the defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Often it happens that developer has tested it on desktop while tester has tested it on laptops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Often it happens that tester raise some defect but that is just coming due to refreshing not done since long time on your application being tested. These defects do not come on developer machines so got rejected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some times developers do not check it carefully(there may some negligence on their part). In this case tester should consult developer and try to reproduce the defect on their machines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7614" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T20:07:02.887" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30373" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28913" CreationDate="2017-11-02T17:40:16.610" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the best option is using sikuli with any programming language. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Benifits&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;learning sikuli is not difficult (To run basic sikuli programme you need to learn only a few methods like click, find)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can learn more about sikuli and java when you coding sikuli with any programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T17:40:16.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30374" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30380" CreationDate="2017-11-02T18:00:41.493" Score="6" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;This came up while talking to another developer. He recalled some product that was in development like 15 years ago (but didn't remember the name or details, or whether it went to production) that would:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For a given page/screen of an application, automatically identify all the interactive elements (text boxes, dropdowns, buttons, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For each type of element, have some concept of providing random input (clicking a button; providing different kinds of text input such as long strings, special characters, etc.; single or multi-selection in a list; etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Randomly choose an interactive element on the page, apply random input, and repeat with another randomly selected element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;What would you call this testing technique? It's similar to fuzz testing or combinatorial testing but those don't seem to quite capture it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Are there any existing tools that can be used for this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not too concerned about targeting web vs. desktop applications--mostly just interested in knowing if something like this is out there. Open-source would be ideal for learning from the actual code regardless of whether we could directly use the tool on our own applications.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; Peter raised a good point that merits a clarification. By &quot;providing random input&quot;, I really meant &quot;randomly select from a well-defined list of 'interesting' inputs&quot;. For example, for a text field, a subset of this list might be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Empty string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extremely long string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;All numbers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Mix of letters and numbers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Special characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entry that would match backing language's implementation of binary, octal, or hex notation (we once found a bug in our application where a &quot;numeric&quot; text field validated successfully with input like 0xaf38)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unicode characters&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uppercase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/4456438/5003971&quot;&gt;The word &quot;Null&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea of randomly choosing elements to apply such input to would be to catch odd interactions between input fields, but you could also have such a system that would just loop through each field and test it in isolation, as Cherree's comment touched on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T14:55:13.527" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T14:55:13.527" Title="Is there a name for this (automated random input) technique? And are there any existing tools for using it?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30375" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29345" CreationDate="2017-11-02T18:09:38.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used Telerik for some testing purpose. it is a good tool and it gives a lot of features like Cross-browser support and performance testing support but Telerik only supports Windows environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually, I didn't work with TestComplete but when I search about your question I found TestComplete is more suitable for the systems that have more interfaces. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T18:09:38.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30376" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30378" CreationDate="2017-11-02T18:16:24.270" Score="5" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;We keep having the idea of logging user actions at a detailed enough level to do things like track feature usage, identify common workflow errors, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we had such detailed logging, it seems like it would be trivial to write something to convert those logs into automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Does anyone here have experience with trying this sort of thing, and if so, what were the challenges?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assume using web technology and that the html itself is well-written for testing (well-defined locators, etc., but feel free to enumerate these better than I can--it's likely at least half the battle!). Obviously there's the risk of the generated scripts breaking if the UI is updated in a way that would break the locators. But they might provide a good starting place for editing to make the test more flexible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would also be extremely useful for reproducing reported bugs, in which case you could run the log-generated &quot;test&quot; on the exact version it was logged from, so UI changes wouldn't be an issue in that use case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T14:56:47.827" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T17:41:39.490" Title="What are the pitfalls or challenges of converting clickstream/user action logs into test scripts?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;action-recording&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30374" CreationDate="2017-11-02T18:32:40.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;OP substantially changed the question. See edit at the end.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would call it &lt;strong&gt;&quot;mad monkeys from hell bashing keyboards at random&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; :-) and I doubt it will give you any valuable input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In one of my previous position, someone decided it could be a good idea to unleash a group of interns to use our application (for mortgage loan servicing) with no training, just to see if they uncover some bugs. Like you suggest, but with no automation (cheaper to start).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So these interns started clicking around and reporting if they considered something is not working (according their very limited understanding of &quot;working&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We found out that even they were working for cheap, and they are able to report significant number of &quot;issues&quot;. So far so good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We found that &lt;strong&gt;triage of the reported issues&lt;/strong&gt; consumed &lt;strong&gt;significant&lt;/strong&gt; time of &lt;strong&gt;more experienced people&lt;/strong&gt; (so it was not free, but rather expensive), and no issues reported this way were of any real concern. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Exploratory testing is endeavor best performed by &lt;strong&gt;sapient humans,&lt;/strong&gt; not &quot;mad monkeys from hell&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This &quot;experiment&quot; was abandoned after just few days, and all issues reported by them just dropped, was total waste of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: After your change, you describe standard testing for corner cases. You want to add interesting unicode strings (users &lt;strong&gt;will&lt;/strong&gt; input them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T19:29:50.707" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T19:29:50.707" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30376" CreationDate="2017-11-02T18:45:38.640" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Record/replay &lt;strong&gt;might&lt;/strong&gt; be valuable to record all steps necessary to make a bug reproducible. But what if running recorded sequence the next day you need to enter next day's date, and your page has no &quot;today&quot;, but concrete date was entered? All your pre-recorded steps are useless  now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And for regression testing, you want to use &lt;strong&gt;PageObject design pattern&lt;/strong&gt;, so business logic, locators and actions are centralized, so if you need to change them later, you don't have to change all instances of record/replay which use them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can see use-case for record/replay, when manual tester records performing the operations and later can review if interacted elements have good locators (easier that inspecting locator for every element being interacted with).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other than that, record/replay is IMHO of limited use, and only for pages which are designed with testing using record/replay in mind (&quot;click here to insert current date&quot;, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bit more about our experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have a (huge) suite of tests similar to record/replay (FitNesse) and (slowly growing) suite of new test which use PageObject patern. FitNesse are fragile, and if GUI/business logic change is made, many test break and needs fixing in many places. As a result of this fragility, test developers are reluctant to stray away from &quot;happy path&quot;, and most tests are repetitive. We are working on retiring the whole suite (and replacing them with PageObject tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If PagoObject tests break, they likely need fixing in a single place, so as a result we are &lt;strong&gt;more adventurous&lt;/strong&gt; and more willing to implement functionality straying away from &quot;happy path&quot;, inspecting data and selecting some data in random, creating more &quot;fuzzy&quot; tests - and it is also much more fun for test developers to develop these tests (because developer can use Python debugger to inspect located elements), and such tests are &lt;strong&gt;much easier to debug&lt;/strong&gt; - especially &lt;strong&gt;later, in maintenance phase&lt;/strong&gt; when something changed and test feailed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So (in my experience), &lt;strong&gt;record/replay tests are of a limited use as a starting point for good PageObject-related tests&lt;/strong&gt;. Hard part is to design good page methods for each page (useful for tests), separating the interaction in proper size &quot;chunks&quot; where group of widgets are acted upon in a single action which makes sense for a user/test. Getting locators and order of interaction (which is generated by record/replay) is the trivial part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T17:41:39.490" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T17:41:39.490" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2017-11-02T19:36:54.320" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe it should depend on the situation.  Large external websites should be case insensitive like for instance Gmail.  But if the web app or application was a internal app used just by a certain company then it should be case sensitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28871" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T19:36:54.320" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30380" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30374" CreationDate="2017-11-02T21:38:18.983" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sounds to me like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkey_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;(smart) monkey testing&lt;/a&gt;. Definition from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.istqb.org/downloads/send/20-istqb-glossary/186-glossary-all-terms.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB glossary (v3.1)&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Testing by means of a random selection from a large range of inputs and by randomly pushing buttons, ignorant of how the product is being used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite often fuzz/monkey/random/… testing refer to the same thing, but I like &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/10242960&quot;&gt;this distinction&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;[…] &lt;em&gt;Fuzz testing&lt;/em&gt; is more about using random &lt;strong&gt;data&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Monkey testing&lt;/em&gt; is about random &lt;strong&gt;actions&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A nice example is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/marmelab/gremlins.js&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gremlin.js&lt;/a&gt;, which can be used &quot;[…] to check the robustness of web applications by unleashing a horde of undisciplined gremlins.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, with the aid of AI/ML, you can make such a monkey (or gremlin) way smarter. For instance, &lt;a href=&quot;https://retest.de/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ReTest&lt;/a&gt; (disclaimer: I'm a software engineer at ReTest) uses a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_algorithm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;genetic algorithm&lt;/a&gt; to optimize towards code coverage. We are currently also working on the integration of a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;neural network&lt;/a&gt; that is used to mimic human behavior based on existing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to get started with an OS solution such as gremlin.js, you can also adapt its sources (or open a pull request) to use more interesting inputs. Something we do at ReTest is to use values from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/minimaxir/big-list-of-naughty-strings&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;big list of naughty strings&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The cool thing with monkey testing is that you can easily set up an old machine and let it test your SUT 24/7. But as already pointed out by &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/a/30377/21973&quot;&gt;Peter Masiar&lt;/a&gt;, looking at the results may become expensive. How much work it will be and if it is worth the effort depends on your particular SUT and the monkey testing tool you choose.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-11-02T21:43:24.957" LastActivityDate="2017-11-02T21:43:24.957" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30381" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30398" CreationDate="2017-11-03T02:14:55.617" Score="3" ViewCount="1524" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, w3's (confusing) definition of idempotent http methods - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec9.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec9.html&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding of idempotent http methods is that when a request is made using such methods, then the response must always be the same. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we test that a request is idempotent ? Is it enough to just make that request twice and validate the response or do we need to do something more ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T14:04:46.803" Title="Testing idempotency - Is it enough to make two api calls to test idempotency?" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30361" CreationDate="2017-11-03T05:51:11.840" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@DataProvider(name = &quot;Authentication2&quot;)&#xA;      public static Object[][] credentials2() {&#xA;&#xA;            return new Object[][] { {&quot;3&quot;,&quot;/home/rutvi/Pictures/download.jpg&quot;},{&quot;4&quot;,&quot;/home/rutvi/Downloads/Standards.docx&quot;},{&quot;5&quot;,&quot;/home/rutvi/Music/Shree_Hanuman_Chalisa-Hariharan[www.Mp3MaD.Com].mp3&quot;}};&#xA;&#xA;      }&#xA;    @Test(dataProvider = &quot;Authentication2&quot;,priority=2)&#xA;&#xA;    public void Wrongdata(String id,String p1) throws InterruptedException {&#xA;        // TODO Auto-generated method stub&#xA;&#xA;    //   List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; invaliddataList = Arrays.asList(filepathinvalid,filepathinvalid2);&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(2000);&#xA;&#xA;        WebElement choosefile=m1.getDriver().findElement(By.name(&quot;files&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;        choosefile.sendKeys(p1);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        /*for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;appdata.length;i++)&#xA;        {&#xA;         choosefile.sendKeys(appdata[i]);&#xA;        }&#xA;        */&#xA;             WebElement upload=m1.getDriver().findElement(By.id(&quot;register-button&quot;));&#xA;             upload.submit();&#xA;&#xA;                WebElement dialog=m1.getDriver().findElement(By.id(&quot;dialog-notifications-error&quot;));&#xA;                String errforinvaliddata=dialog.getText();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;err for invalid data-&amp;gt;&quot;+errforinvaliddata);&#xA;&#xA;                String msg=&quot;Only pdf files are allowed.&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                if(msg.equals(errforinvaliddata))&#xA;                {&#xA;&#xA;                    /*for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;appdata.length;i++)&#xA;                    {&#xA;                        uploadinfo.put(&quot;i&quot;, new Object[] { i,appdata[i],&quot;Fail&quot; });&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    */&#xA;                    uploadinfo.put(id, new Object[] {id,p1,&quot;faill&quot; });&#xA;                    Assert.assertFalse(true);&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                    m1.getDriver().navigate().back();&#xA;&#xA;                }&#xA;                else&#xA;                {&#xA;                    String url=m1.getDriver().getCurrentUrl();&#xA;&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;errorurl-&amp;gt;&quot;+url);&#xA;                    String exppath=&quot;https://veridocglobal.com/errorpage.htm?aspxerrorpath=/Document/Create&quot;;&#xA;&#xA;                    if(url.equals(exppath))&#xA;                    {&#xA;&#xA;                        Assert.assertTrue(false);&#xA;                        uploadinfo.put(id, new Object[] { id,p1,&quot;error&quot; });&#xA;                        m1.getDriver().navigate().back();&#xA;&#xA;                    }       &#xA;                }       &#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T05:51:11.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30383" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30451" CreationDate="2017-11-03T06:48:14.540" Score="0" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;As i have switched from mobile application testing to Browser testing.Can i know what are the major things to cover up during web testing.Is there any major differences in test between them?Is automation only tool to test web testing?If no can i know the steps for testing web browser?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28858" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T14:52:00.457" Title="Switched from mobile application testing to Browser testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;web&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-11-11T14:32:08.710" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30383" CreationDate="2017-11-03T07:01:01.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Web application need to be tested in manual as well as in automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before going into automation part, you have to familiarize with the manual testing to understand about the web components.&#xA;Then it will be easier for you to work on automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can get an initial insight from this link:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/web-application-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/web-application-testing/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T07:01:01.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-03T07:40:45.650" Score="2" ViewCount="10650" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my project I have some API (Web Services). Currently, I am testing the web services manually and using POSTMAN to automate tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does Selenium support automate the Web services with JSON or XML?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please share your feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="27665" LastEditDate="2017-11-12T17:37:54.503" LastActivityDate="2018-05-10T14:26:02.527" Title="Does Selenium support web services testing ? How can it achieve through selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30387" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-03T07:41:36.727" Score="0" ViewCount="235" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have my website, I need to check browser compatibility of my website across all browser and OS combinations. Sp Is there any other way to test websites on different operating systems instead of setting up a new OS machine?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T14:46:43.370" Title="Is there any other way to test websites on different operating systems instead of setting up a new OS machine" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-11-03T17:30:55.120" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30388" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-03T08:44:52.970" Score="3" ViewCount="32" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to compare my old and new webpage design, What is the fastest way to compare layouts of my old and new webpage versions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27515" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T15:13:09.367" Title="What is the fastest way to compare layouts of my old and new webpage versions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-06T16:35:04.583" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30395" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-03T13:05:41.807" Score="2" ViewCount="221" Body="&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to test all my API endpoints with codeception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I started off with a more model-based approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-php prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    class UserCest&#xA;    {&#xA;        public function it_can_request_its_own_status (ApiTester $I) {&#xA;            $user = $I-&amp;gt;amLoggedIn();&#xA;            $I-&amp;gt;sendGET('/users/'.$user-&amp;gt;id.'/status');&#xA;            $I-&amp;gt;seeResponseCodeIs(200);&#xA;            $I-&amp;gt;seeResponseContainsJson(['status' =&amp;gt; 'active']);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I realized that I might want to map the test directly to the routes to make it more obvious what route is tested. I thought that this would therefore rather refer to the controller that is used by the routes rather than models:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-php prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    class UserControllerCest&#xA;    {&#xA;        public users__user__status (ApiTester $I) {&#xA;            $route = __FUNCTION__;&#xA;            $user = $I-&amp;gt;amLoggedIn();&#xA;            $url = $this-&amp;gt;fillRouteWithUserId($route, $user);&#xA;            $I-&amp;gt;sendGET($url);&#xA;            $I-&amp;gt;seeResponseCodeIs(200);&#xA;            $I-&amp;gt;seeResponseContainsJson(['status' =&amp;gt; 'active']);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What (other) approach is suitable for testing my API? Maybe to create a separate Cest for every route?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28886" LastEditorUserId="39304" LastEditDate="2020-08-26T07:46:02.070" LastActivityDate="2020-08-26T07:46:02.070" Title="Laravel codeception api testing test structure" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;php&gt;&lt;api&gt;&lt;codeception&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30398" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30381" CreationDate="2017-11-03T14:04:46.803" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Repeating the same request twice and checking you get the same response is enough to give you confidence that the API is idempotent.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, depending on what the API does under the hood, you might also need to validate that there were no unintended side effects of the second request. For example, you might have an idempotent API that bills a user for an order. Repeating the request should not bill the user for the same order twice in this example. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28882" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T14:04:46.803" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30387" CreationDate="2017-11-03T14:11:32.163" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why would you run your website on different OS? You need to test all &lt;strong&gt;combinations of browser/OS for CLIENTS&lt;/strong&gt;. Your server stays where it is. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you need to change underlying OS for server, it is completely different ballgame, sysadmins would know how to do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T14:11:32.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30387" CreationDate="2017-11-03T14:46:43.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are plenty of simulators for various kinds of OSs and browsers. I just searched for &quot;Win XP emulator online&quot; and found this: &lt;a href=&quot;http://virtualdesktop.org/complete/xpsp2/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://virtualdesktop.org/complete/xpsp2/index.html&lt;/a&gt;. The question is whether it is accurate. You would need some research to form your list of reliable emulators. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides, public cloud vendors (Amazon, first of all) usually allow creating free virtual machines in their clouds for a trial period. You should check what options you can find there. Of course, they will not provide you a wide range of versions, but still worth checking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21186" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T14:46:43.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30402" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30403" CreationDate="2017-11-03T17:04:03.597" Score="2" ViewCount="234" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have joined a team recently where I have been asked to implement automation testing for a SiteCore based website with over 8000 webpages. The exact functionality that was expected of me was to automatize the process of checking every page for broken URL / image link. I used BeautifulSoup in python for scrapping all the webpages of the website, stored it in excel file and passed it as an input to the Selenium function (written in Java) to check for broken links or images (a simple condition of checking for status code over 400). For every broken link that was found, I am storing it in another excel file along with the originating URL. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the team wants me to use an already existing (automation testing) framework / open-source tool (instead of having me code it manually and maintain it) that checks the whole website pages for broken links/images and report them. I haven't found any such tool/script so far. Can someone please help me with this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28889" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T03:21:49.447" Title="Test Automation for a website with over 8000 webpages" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30403" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30402" CreationDate="2017-11-03T18:26:50.543" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/LinkChecker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://pypi.python.org/pypi/LinkChecker&lt;/a&gt; - Python module to build link checkers. Dev status is Production/Stable. There are dozens of other tools like this, in many languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It makes perfect sense to use open-source debugged version of such utility instead of reinventing the wheel. BTW I got the answer by googling &quot;check broken links python&quot; :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T03:21:49.447" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T03:21:49.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30404" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30386" CreationDate="2017-11-03T21:25:48.370" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;From &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;SeleniumHQ&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Selenium automates browsers.&lt;/em&gt; That's it!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't need a browser to automate API testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There're dozens of tools for almost every popular programming language. If you like JavaScript, you can &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/docs/postman/scripts/test_scripts&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;stick to Postman for automation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-11-03T21:37:19.043" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T21:37:19.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12425" CreationDate="2017-11-03T21:49:35.283" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a bunch of tools with GUIs mentioned in &lt;a href=&quot;http://trafficparrot.com/Service_virtualization_and_stubbing_tools_comparison.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this comparison&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.charlesproxy.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Charles Proxy&lt;/a&gt; for HTTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://trafficparrot.com/features.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Traffic Parrot&quot;&gt;Traffic Parrot&lt;/a&gt; for HTTP, GRPC, JMS, Files, IBM MQ plus more in &lt;a href=&quot;https://trafficparrot.com/beta.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;beta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://hoverfly.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Hoverfly&lt;/a&gt; for HTTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are also a few more mentioned on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_API_simulation_tools&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://apisimulator.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;API Simulator&lt;/a&gt; for HTTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.smockin.com/#quick&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;sMockin&lt;/a&gt; for HTTP, WebSockets, Server Side Events, JMS, FTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://epam.github.io/Wilma/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wilma&lt;/a&gt; for HTTP&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28882" LastEditorUserId="28882" LastEditDate="2018-10-08T19:03:18.457" LastActivityDate="2018-10-08T19:03:18.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30406" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30345" CreationDate="2017-11-03T22:02:11.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The typical recommendation is to &quot;not test your privates&quot; and instead prefer to test side effects that are visible through the public API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there were a bug in the &lt;code&gt;RegisterBlockType&lt;/code&gt; method, how would you notice it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you know the answer to that, you should be able to identify which parts of the public API you can use to assert the expected behaviour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28882" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T22:02:11.337" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30407" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26775" CreationDate="2017-11-03T22:41:25.047" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how I have seen this implemented before:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The consumer B produces a &quot;B to A consumer contract file&quot; that contains example requests and responses that it expects from A. B will contain a &lt;strong&gt;consumer test&lt;/strong&gt; that produces this file and checks that B behaves correctly when it receives these expected responses from A. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Each time B builds, it publishes the contract file and triggers an &quot;A to B producer test&quot;. This test is owned by the producer A. The &lt;strong&gt;producer test&lt;/strong&gt; uses the consumer contract file of B to verify that A behaves as B expects it to. This test is run against the following version combinations: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Latest A and Latest B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Latest A and Production B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production A and Latest B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Production A and Production B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To answer your questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are missing that you need to verify more than just Latest A and Latest B if you want to be able to deploy A and B independently. You need to be confident that each time an application is built, it can be safely released, whether it is released first or last into production relative to the application it is a consumer/producer for.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two parts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;consumer test&lt;/strong&gt; should use the real consumer application with a simulated producer to test that the consumer behaves correctly when the producer behaves as the consumer expects&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;producer test&lt;/strong&gt; should use the real producer application with a simulated consumer to test that the producer behaves as the consumer expects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The only tool I can have personally used is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;pact-jvm&quot;&gt;pact-jvm&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28882" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T22:41:25.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27958" CreationDate="2017-11-03T22:56:58.100" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jasmine.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;jasmine2&lt;/a&gt; framework, tests can also be organized/grouped using a regular expression.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can add something like @smoke, @regressions to your tests and then only run those ones by passing the grep flag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('should do stuff @smoke', function() { ... });&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then run protractor passing the grep flag:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;protractor conf.js --grep='@smoke&lt;/code&gt;'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-05-12T13:55:02.673" LastActivityDate="2018-05-12T13:55:02.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30352" CreationDate="2017-11-03T23:03:39.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are my recommendation to be a QA/ Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Learn about the concepts of Testing. Try to understand why using examples in daily life.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read about QA &amp;amp; Testing. There are a lot information in Internet, I've seen videos in Youtube or Udemy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In your testing, think as common user (End user).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Always learn something new by example, automation testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can &quot;apply&quot; in some crowd-sourced testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.utest.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;uTest&lt;/a&gt;. It has a lot information about how become a tester and tips.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://test.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestIO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usertesting.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;UserTesting&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uxline.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Uxline&lt;/a&gt;. The website is in Spanish.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16145" LastActivityDate="2017-11-03T23:03:39.470" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30410" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-04T14:43:10.470" Score="0" ViewCount="2401" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have written code using robot framework, to open a browser and enter the values in a fields, but what is happening, it is opening the browser and redirecting the URL, but it is not writing to the fields and it is throwing the error ( i have attached in the screenshot ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please find below to check for the code and please help me resolve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my &lt;code&gt;tests.robot&lt;/code&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Library  Selenium2Library&#xA;Resource  resource.robot&#xA;&#xA;*** Variables ***&#xA;&#xA;@{TEST_DATA} =  fname  lname  9734565432  abcdefgh@3&#xA;@{TEST_DATA1} =  lname  fname  8756454456  sadsadef#1&#xA;&#xA;*** Test Cases ***&#xA;&#xA;open linkedin&#xA;    [Tags]  linkedin&#xA;    open browser  about:blank  ${BROWSER}&#xA;    maximize browser window&#xA;    go to  ${URL}&#xA;&#xA;add entries&#xA;    resource.FIRST_NAME  @{TEST_DATA}[0]&#xA;    resource.LAST_NAME  @{TEST_DATA}[4]&#xA;    resource.PHONE_NUMBER  @{TEST_DATA}[4]&#xA;    resource.PASSWORD  @{TEST_DATA}[4]&#xA;&#xA;close Linkedin&#xA;    close all browsers&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here &lt;code&gt;resources.robot&lt;/code&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Library  Selenium2Library&#xA;&#xA;*** Variables ***&#xA;${BROWSER} =  gc&#xA;${URL} =  https://www.linkedin.com/&#xA;${FIRST_NAME} =  xpath=//*[@id=&quot;reg-firstname&quot;]&#xA;${LAST_NAME} =  xpath=//*[@id=&quot;reg-lastname&quot;]&#xA;${PHONE_NUMBER} =  xpath=//*[@id=&quot;reg-email&quot;]&#xA;${PASSWORD} =  xpath=//*[@id=&quot;reg-password&quot;]&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;*** Keywords ***&#xA;&#xA;FIRST_NAME&#xA;    input text  ${FIRST_NAME}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;LAST_NAME&#xA;    input text  ${LAST_NAME}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;PHONE_NUMBER&#xA;    input text  ${PHONE_NUMBER}&#xA;&#xA;PASSWORD&#xA;    input text  ${PASSWORD}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Error Snap :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OOeL4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/OOeL4.png&quot; alt=&quot;Image showing the Error&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27307" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-06T11:12:54.193" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T11:57:30.433" Title="Issue with Data driven testing in robot framework" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30386" CreationDate="2017-11-05T08:16:59.910" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium is a  set of tools that automate web browser.so go API you can use JMeter, Postman or SoapUi.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium does not support API testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27720" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-11-05T08:27:23.763" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T08:27:23.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30386" CreationDate="2017-11-05T09:45:55.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have already said, you'd probably want to pick a different tool to handle most service level testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But to answer your question, for a hackathon in a previous job I wound up extending the node implementation of selenium-webdriver to send and process http requests from the browser using &lt;code&gt;driver.executeScript()&lt;/code&gt; calls. I would not recommend this route unless you have a very specific need in mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T09:45:55.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30413" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-05T10:29:05.463" Score="1" ViewCount="259" Body="&lt;p&gt;New here. i have this scenario right here as im applying for my first intern position. i really don't understand what to do here. should i make a testplan document etc? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) You're given the task of testing a prototype web application where users can enter a keyword in a web page's Text Field and hit Search. The result is a list of documents that match this keyword (i.e. present as a word in a document).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: The documents are searched ONLY from a particular backend server hard drive (machine) that is pre-configured in the backend. i.e. based on the machine name in the network, the search will look for all text documents in the main drives of this machine, search inside these documents for the given search query and return the document name (with file path on the machine) to be displayed on the Web UI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The machine name is set as a key value parameter (e.g. key =  SEARCH_MACHINE_NAME and value can be 'NETWORK_NODE_1')&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can assume that the machine name value is understood by the backend search api program to route the query to the documents on the intended hard drive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;e.g. when the user enters 'ipad' on the TextField, the names of documents (with document file path on the searched machine hard drive) containing 'ipad' as a word will be displayed in a list on the web page, below the text field and search button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are told that the Application uses a 3-tier MVC pattern for the development, with a REST'ful Web services API layer sitting in the backend that is servicing the web front end UI request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Describe how you would design a test strategy/test plan for this application, and then list the test cases that you would execute (manually) with detailed steps before signing off on this application to be used in real time.You are given access to the machines in the backend staging server farm for testing purpose and you can use these machines however you like for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE: State any reasonable assumptions you have made and generate the test plan and cases based on these assumptions. You can list potential assumptions that you would be making, in terms of how this application would be used by users.&#xA;And if you have any questions for the product team, you can state that as well, at the end of your test cases.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any overview inputs would be appreciated. thank you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28901" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T20:01:43.947" Title="Test Plan/Strategy scenario" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;strategy&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30413" CreationDate="2017-11-05T12:06:05.010" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are able, you should ask the employer what kind of &quot;test strategy/test plan&quot; he expects, For instance, OpenUP has &lt;a href=&quot;http://sce.uhcl.edu/helm/rationalunifiedprocess/process/artifact/ar_tstpl.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a template for test plans&lt;/a&gt;, but maybe this is not what he expects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the test cases, you could try to do &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-ItEKt_N_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt; over these text requirements, going from the basic acceptance scenarios, as dealing with a few, many, too much, none search results, unexact searches, etc, and try to explore the backend logging system, SQL injection attacks etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-11-08T20:01:43.947" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T20:01:43.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30413" CreationDate="2017-11-05T14:09:19.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Especially when the candidate is going to be an intern or new graduate these sorts of questions are usually intended to get an idea of how your mind works when presented with a system to test. Most competent interviewers wouldn't expect the perfect answer or a truly comprehensive set of test cases. Just do your best to be mindful of your stream of thought as you use and analyze the system, takes notes as needed, and clean these up into you test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Think about how you can interact with the system. Sometimes this may be as a user (view level) or as another system or tool (model and controller levels).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When you interact with these parts of the system what would you look at to determine they did what you expected them to? Is it possible to validate the outcome at more than one level.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Spend some time thinking about how you communicate these actions, assertions. Try to be consistent with words and phrases they use to describe the system. It's important your intent can be understood by others or the test case has a limited value.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T14:09:19.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30418" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12478" CreationDate="2017-11-05T15:19:32.607" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could try using &lt;a href=&quot;http://oldweb.today&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;oldweb.today&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://oldweb.today/ie4/20011105151405/https://www.google.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here is&lt;/a&gt; IE4 rejecting &lt;a href=&quot;https://google.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://google.com&lt;/a&gt; since it is HTTPS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28882" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T15:19:32.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24795" CreationDate="2017-11-05T15:50:33.320" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, you can achieve a good balance with the following ATDD approach for each use case you are test driving:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write your first test by interacting with the over-the-wire API of the microservice (e.g. REST API, JMS queue). This test will give you confidence that the &quot;happy path&quot; is working end to end.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/articles/stubbing-mocking-service-virtualization-differences&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;service virtualization&lt;/a&gt; to provide over-the-wire test doubles for that test. You can do some advanced stuff here such as capturing messages between your microservice and the test double and rendering the output (here is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/theangrydev/fluent-bdd/blob/master/yatspec-extensions/src/test/java/acceptance/ExampleTest.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;an example&lt;/a&gt; of such an approach)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there are any edge cases to test, write unit tests for them but still use the given-when-then style. Remember, a &quot;unit&quot; does not necessarily mean &quot;one class&quot;. If you are writing code following something like a &lt;a href=&quot;https://8thlight.com/blog/uncle-bob/2012/08/13/the-clean-architecture.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;clean architecture&lt;/a&gt; you should be able to write a test as if it were end to end but providing &lt;a href=&quot;http://site.mockito.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;in memory test doubles&lt;/a&gt; for all the pieces that would usually be over-the-wire.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are rendering your acceptance tests, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/bodar/yatspec/blob/cf739d64f3376518c6c747c6e6975a7028994052/test/com/googlecode/yatspec/junit/LinkingNoteRendererTest.java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;provide a link&lt;/a&gt; between the test that is over-the-wire and the unit level test so that from a documentation perspective it is easy to see both how the system behaves end to end and what all the unit level edge cases are for that use case.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28882" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T15:50:33.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30420" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30225" CreationDate="2017-11-05T16:11:05.417" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is a false positive since as you say we trust that it is closed internally by the &lt;code&gt;JdbcTemplate&lt;/code&gt;. SonarQube has the assumption that the block of code that constructs a &lt;code&gt;PreparedStament&lt;/code&gt; is responsible for closing it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can use the SonarQube UI to flag this particular issue as a false positive. If you always rely on &lt;code&gt;JdbcTemplate&lt;/code&gt; closing your &lt;code&gt;PreparedStament&lt;/code&gt; throughout your entire codebase, then you could look into disabling the check globally by configuring your &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.sonarqube.org/display/SONAR/Quality+Profiles&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Quality Profile&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It might be possible if e.g. the plugin assumes that a &lt;code&gt;PreparedStament&lt;/code&gt; constructed inside a &lt;code&gt;PreparedStamentCreator&lt;/code&gt; does not need to be closed manually. You could discuss it on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/sonarqube&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SonarQube&lt;/a&gt; group.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In this particular scenario I think what you are doing is fine and it is just a false positive.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28882" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T16:11:05.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30421" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28850" CreationDate="2017-11-05T16:22:45.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;functional testing&lt;/strong&gt; I would expect to have no impact at all. The LDAP protocol is functionally identical independent of whether it is over SSL or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;strong&gt;non-functional testing&lt;/strong&gt; (e.g. performance testing as you highlighted) there will potentially be some differences. You could work around this by performing your non-functional testing in an environment that does use ldaps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28882" LastActivityDate="2017-11-05T16:22:45.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30383" CreationDate="2017-11-06T05:49:22.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you have done mobile testing you will be familiar with functionality and usability testing. In addition,you need to specifically consider -&#xA;1.Compatibility testing&#xA;2.Database Testing&#xA;3.Security Testing And &#xA;4.Performance Testing&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This are the steps . Automation test will help you to check basic functionality .But you have to know and cover the website by manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26788" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T05:49:22.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30423" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-06T06:43:06.887" Score="0" ViewCount="510" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some scripts which are running on Firefox browser. Here the problem was I am using &lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().maximize();&lt;/code&gt; code to maximize the browser. It is perfectly working fine with Windows 7 environment but coming to Windows 10 environment after browser opening window is set to some small size not sure why it is happening !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me on this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;NOTE : I am using latest firefox driver(gecko) and latest version of firefox browser.(In both Windows 7 and windows 10)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9337" LastActivityDate="2021-05-20T11:07:05.777" Title="How to maximize browser window irrespective of windows versions" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26444" CreationDate="2017-11-06T08:09:26.420" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have detailed user reviews for both SoapUI and Jmeter on IT Central Station. You can see a comparison page &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itcentralstation.com/products/comparisons/apache-jmeter_vs_soapui-ng-pro/tzd/c512-sf-8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;Jmeter review from our community:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Valuable Features:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extremely light weight.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Very easy to download and setup the entire infrastructure (Controller +LGs)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ease of scripting&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Host of plugins which further boost its effectiveness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Availability Non-GUI mode which consumes even lesser resources than already lightweight GUI version.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Improvements to My Organization:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robust scripts which could handle build changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Easy LG(Master &amp;amp; Slaves) configuration setup&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Very lightweight and low usage of resources&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Room for Improvement:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI tends to freeze and shutdown under more load&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ctrl+z( Undo doesn't work) so gets very inconvenient at times&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cannot do a mass replace( Ctrl+H) on the GUI ( can do it if script is opened via notepad++)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Re-iteration problems during errors - Usually we have login in once only controller, Action in Loop controller and logout in once only controller. Now if an error comes when the user simply logouts due to some unhandled error then the script expects that your session would continue but if that error has made you logout then your next iterations won't go through and vice versa. Suppose you put everything in loop controller and error doesn't log you out then the script start to login when you are already logged in and tends to fail.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;h1&gt;SoapUI user review from our community:&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Valuable Features:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found the REST Discovery and Groovy scripting features to be most valuable. Additionally, the Simple programming model enables a wide audience (in contrast to Java or JavaScript). The XML format makes it easy for scripts to analyze the test base (metrics, bulk simple changes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Improvements to My Organization:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this solution, we developed tests about three times faster than we did with Java and by doing manual REST reverse engineering from product code (Java). This solution also enabled manual testers to write automated tests, which they would not have been able to do in Java. We are planning to get SoapUI tests written earlier (thus moving some test development upstream).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Room for Improvement:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working with Git needs to be improved. SoapUI 1.8.0 has this annoying habit of touching/changing many files that are unrelated to a test developer's actual change. This habit complicates working with Git, since Git thinks that the user has made hundreds of changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are also looking at other options, users on our site most often compare these solutions to ParaSoft SOA. Reviews are &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.itcentralstation.com/products/parasoft-soatest/tzd/c512-sf-8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: I work at IT Central Station&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28912" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2018-02-06T12:19:52.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26444" CreationDate="2017-11-06T09:34:15.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use both tools one a frequent basis.  I use SoapUi for functional testing of web services and I use JMeter for load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What follows is merely my own opinion, so please don't shoot me down....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I really like SoapUi's GUI and it's ability to create data-driven (parameterised) tests.  I like the 'out of the box' assertions for checking responses are as expected.  These include postive and negative response checks.  E.g. calling a services with an invalid payload returns a 500.  Or may return a 200, with a meaningful error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use JMeter for load testing the web services.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why two tools?  Well, when I started testing services, I firstly used SoapUi, but when it came to load testing, I found the functionality lacking.  So, I simply used JMeter for load testing.  I could probably do a lot more in JMeter, but I personally don't find the UI as nice as SoapUI's.  Plus, I invested a reasonable amount of time in building my tests in SoapUi so not keen on ditching all that just to use one tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe SoapUi can be integrated into Maven and CI.  Once you have built your tests, you certainly don't need to use the UI to just run them.  Test execution can be done from the command line if you wish.  Not saying JMeter doesn't offer this, I simply haven't had the need to try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other people on here have mentioned simply coding your web service tests.  I think that is a perfectly valid approach.  Plus, there are lots of other tools available for such tests.  E.g. Postman.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To sum up, try the different tools and don't restrict yourself.  If one tool works for you, then great.  If you prefer to use a range of tools for different testing aspects, then I think that's fine too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There really isn't a right or wrong way.  Try the tools yourself and if you can achieve what you want, then you have found the right toolset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T09:34:15.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30426" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-06T09:46:24.563" Score="0" ViewCount="3906" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to extract the test cases from test plan to excel.&#xA;Please can you help me in providing the sql to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test name, Test description, Step name, Step description, Expected result from specific folder of a test plan needs to extracted to excel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28880" LastActivityDate="2018-07-23T09:32:15.520" Title="How to extract test cases from test plan in ALM 12.2 to Excel" Tags="&lt;hp-alm-12.20&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30432" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-06T15:07:09.183" Score="-1" ViewCount="3798" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm facing problem here, There are 2 &lt;code&gt;Thread Groups&lt;/code&gt;  and both are correlated ( run thread group consecutively is ticked in test plan ).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1st is &lt;code&gt;user thread group&lt;/code&gt; and 2nd is &lt;code&gt;Driver thread group&lt;/code&gt;. So thread group running concurrently but it is not happening in twice. I've put loop count for 2 they will run each independently after completion of first cycle. I want run this flow such a way that after completion of driver group request next do second iteration (start from user) thread group. So how to do this stuff ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Loop will be :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;User thread group&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Driver Thread group&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After completing this once again start with :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;User thread group&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Driver thread group&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;like this it should(loop) happen for multiple times &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T10:13:29.840" LastActivityDate="2018-04-13T06:52:05.127" Title="How to run two Thread Group in a loop - JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30432" CreationDate="2017-11-06T15:29:51.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/InterThreadCommunication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inter-Thread Communication Plugin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/InterThreadCommunication/#PostProcessor-PreProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Inter-Thread Communication PostProcessor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the sampler of the &lt;code&gt;User thread group&lt;/code&gt; and store the data you will need later on into a FIFO queue&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;strong&gt;Inter-Thread Communication PreProcessor&lt;/strong&gt; as a child of the sampler of the &lt;code&gt;Driver thread group&lt;/code&gt; and read the value from the FIFO queue into a JMeter Variable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way &lt;code&gt;Driver Thread Group&lt;/code&gt; will wait the data from the &lt;code&gt;User Thread Group&lt;/code&gt;, you can normally configure as many loops as needed on &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; level. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/img/examples/SynchronizationExample.jmx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SynchronizationPluginsExample.jmx&lt;/a&gt;, you can use it as a reference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can install Inter-Thread Communication Plugin using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T15:29:51.367" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30413" CreationDate="2017-11-06T17:41:51.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you have any experience with coding, and debugging/testing your own code? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure why they expect an intern to have this detailed knowledge, and if they do, and you don't, if you are a &lt;strong&gt;good fit for that internship&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't &lt;strong&gt;setup yourself for a failure by sneaking in by faking the experience you don't have&lt;/strong&gt; - how you expect to keep up with the demands of a position for which you lack the skills? How important is for you the evaluation you will get at the end, and what it will say about your skills?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be honest about your skills, fit internship what is good match for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T17:41:51.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30435" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-06T18:29:42.337" Score="5" ViewCount="296" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I use any cloud provider (eg SauceLabs, AWS Device Farm etc) for testing my native android and iOS apps, is there a way to determine if the test was being run on a real device or an emulator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need this check to verify the authenticity of the results. My appium code is written in Java. Is there any library or method I can call that verifies if the test is being run on a real device or an emulator?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T06:10:04.550" LastActivityDate="2020-12-08T01:04:20.413" Title="Verify if selenium tests are running on real devices or emulators" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;emulators&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30436" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30423" CreationDate="2017-11-06T20:17:25.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;That's a weird one but try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;((FirefoxDriver)driver).getKeyboard().pressKey(Keys.F11);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I'm assuming this doesn't work: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(1024, 768));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastActivityDate="2017-11-06T20:17:25.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30437" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30435" CreationDate="2017-11-07T03:44:41.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure about any library existence, but from the official SauceLabs response: one can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://testobject.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestObject&lt;/a&gt; to utilize real devices and &lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SauceLabs&lt;/a&gt; main resource to conduct testing on emulators/simulators. Hopefully this helps.     &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T03:44:41.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30312" CreationDate="2017-11-07T07:19:32.423" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;you need extra stuff in capabilities&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; chromeOptions = new HashMap&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;    chromeOptions.put(&quot;args&quot;, getDefaultFlagList());&#xA;&#xA;    Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; prefs = new HashMap&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;    prefs.put(&quot;profile.default_content_setting_values.plugins&quot;, 1);&#xA;    prefs.put(&quot;profile.content_settings.plugin_whitelist.adobe-flash-player&quot;, 1);&#xA;    prefs.put(&quot;profile.content_settings.exceptions.plugins.*,*.per_resource.adobe-flash-player&quot;, 1);&#xA;    chromeOptions.put(&quot;prefs&quot;, prefs);&#xA;&#xA;    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();&#xA;    capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, chromeOptions);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also you need extra flag &quot;--allow-outdated-plugins&quot; since 65th chrome&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28935" LastEditorUserId="28935" LastEditDate="2018-03-12T14:43:29.997" LastActivityDate="2018-03-12T14:43:29.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30274" CreationDate="2017-11-07T07:24:19.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even the Android award top developer cannot 100% guarantee their application can run seamlessly on all devices. And it's not possible to test everything with all device-os combinations. &#xA;The best place to report/search device-specific bugs is probably still via &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/advsearch&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Android Issues Tracker&lt;/a&gt;, of cause, as long as issues are found and reported by consumer developer. You can compare or find the issues and fixes using search filters. I think it's practical way to find solutions for device specific bugs that you couldn't replicate due to unavailability of devices. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T07:24:19.790" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30441" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30274" CreationDate="2017-11-07T08:53:13.320" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately there is no bullet proof way. If you go to one of the more detailed usage statistics by model reports (I can't provide links, those are usually paid) you will notice that there is a lot of fragmentation and no one sub-model has more than very few usage percentages, and that's before OS version is taken into consideration. Note that for each main model e.g. Galaxy S8 there are more than a few sub models based on radio type, main processor, memory etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application is fairly simple (no hardware dependency for example, but even this is tricky since some graphical features do use dedicated hardware accelerations) you can probably get away with testing on one type of model out of sub-models based on usage statistics.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the many options for remote lab with real devices, or crows sourced testing, are good for covering the top used models, but again you will probably fail to get 100% coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The bottom line is that you simply cannot test all combinations unless you purchase each and every one of them, probably more than one device of each model since re-installing the OS will bias your results at best and is impossible for some phones-OS combinations. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T08:53:13.320" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30442" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30446" CreationDate="2017-11-07T09:37:14.043" Score="0" ViewCount="4498" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dnU3c.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dnU3c.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to check one element, with help of that element id, prepared selenium web driver script, when will click on that ui element it will open another hided section on same window, but getting error &quot;Element not visible&quot;&#xA;Before few days it was working with same script using &quot;id&quot; locator.&#xA;I am learning automation and don't understand it was working before and now why getting this error. Please let me know if anyone faces this issue and have a solution to resolve it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;h3 id=&quot;hubH3-524&quot; title=&quot;pretest&quot; ng-click=&quot;toggleSelection('hubH3-524','pretest',1)&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 9px; padding: 9px 0px 2px;&quot;&amp;gt;pretest&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   public class Simpletest {&#xA; public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;     try {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;E:\\Selenium\\seleniumchromedriver\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        WebDriver driver= new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS); &#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.get(&quot;http://abc.com&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;username&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;enter email&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;password&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;enter password&quot;);&#xA;        driver.findElements(By.className(&quot;abcGenericButton&quot;)).get(2).click();&#xA;        Thread.sleep(1000); &#xA;        new WebDriverWait(driver, 1000).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;hubH3-3&quot;))));&#xA;        //driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;hubH3-3&quot;)).click(); &#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;detailBtn&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;btnSettingsHub&quot;)).click();&#xA;        driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;hubDescription&quot;)).click();&#xA;        WebElement hubDescription = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;hubDescription&quot;));&#xA;        hubDescription.sendKeys(&quot;This is testing hub&quot;);&#xA;       } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;        e.printStackTrace();&#xA; }        &#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26565" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T12:38:38.603" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T12:38:38.603" Title="Element not visible even id present for the element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30443" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30386" CreationDate="2017-11-07T09:45:06.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Theoretically yes, but it will be not very convenient as you will need to create a &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_forms.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTML form&lt;/a&gt; in JavaScript via &lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/JavascriptExecutor.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScriptExecutor&lt;/a&gt;, append it to the current page and submit it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another option is using underlying network libraries (which can come with &lt;a href=&quot;http://seleniummaster.com/sitecontent/index.php/selenium-web-driver-menu/selenium-test-automation-with-java/144-how-to-use-java-client-driver&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium Java Client&lt;/a&gt;) , i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://hc.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache HttpComponents&lt;/a&gt; for building individual HTTP requests&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can plug in an extra library designed for APIs testing i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RestAssured&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;And finally you can use a special web services testing tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SoapUI&lt;/a&gt; or another HTTP-protocol-based tool like &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; (by the way JMeter can be integrated with Selenium via &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler plugin&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T09:45:06.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30444" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-07T10:33:59.073" Score="1" ViewCount="32687" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to access this element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input id =&quot;combo-1105-inputWrap&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The 4 digits in the xpath are autogenerated per browser session. I need to find that particular xpath and key in the data.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried to use a regular expression in my xpath but I am not able to make this work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[contains(id,'combo-1[0-9]{3}') and ends-with(id,'-inputWrap')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I reliably access this element?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25416" LastEditorUserId="25416" LastEditDate="2017-11-08T09:22:11.887" LastActivityDate="2018-04-05T07:35:11.177" Title="How to use a regular expression to identify xpath of element with autogenerating id" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30444" CreationDate="2017-11-07T10:48:54.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use some wild cards in cssSelecter to locate the same. Try below css Selector :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[id^='combo-'][id$='-inputWrap']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For further clarification see this :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input[id^='id_prefix_']&#xA;&#xA;input[id$='_id_suffix']&#xA;&#xA;input[id*='id_pattern']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can find more information &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T12:34:09.493" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T12:34:09.493" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30446" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30442" CreationDate="2017-11-07T12:28:39.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;As per your commented HTML code , This should be solution.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Thread.sleep(1000); &#xA; new WebDriverWait(driver, 1000).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(By.xpath(&quot;//h3[contains(@id,'hubH3')]&quot;)));&#xA; driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//h3[contains(@id,'hubH3')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem Statement :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Here &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; attribute is dynamic. So every time page gets load , it changing its count. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Solution :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;So use &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;starts-with&lt;/code&gt; function in xpath. (Only xpath locator provides it.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note : I would suggest to wait for page load and then click.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T12:28:39.530" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30410" CreationDate="2017-11-07T13:14:44.200" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error should be very self-explanatory: you are passing an argument to the keyword &lt;code&gt;FIRST_NAME&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;got 1&quot;), but that keyword doesn't take an argument (&quot;expected 0&quot;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To define your keyword to take an argument use &lt;code&gt;[Arguments]&lt;/code&gt; to list the arguments that your keyword accepts. For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FIRST_NAME&#xA;    [Arguments]  ${FIRST_NAME}&#xA;    input text  ${FIRST_NAME}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information see &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#user-keyword-arguments&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;User Keyword Arguments&lt;/a&gt; in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;robot framework user guide&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The syntax is such that first the [Arguments] setting is given and then argument names are defined in the subsequent cells. Each argument is in its own cell, using the same syntax as with variables. The keyword must be used with as many arguments as there are argument names in its signature. The actual argument names do not matter to the framework, but from users' perspective they should be as descriptive as possible. It is recommended to use lower-case letters in variable names, either as ${my_arg}, ${my arg} or ${myArg}.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1105" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T13:14:44.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30386" CreationDate="2017-11-07T14:17:48.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium Does not support API Testing. &#xA;SOAP UI is the best tool for Automating the API's.&#xA;However, if you want and if you are comfortable with JAVA for API Automation you can use&#xA;Cucumber -- for test cases and data required for API's&#xA;Rest Assured -- For sending Request and saving the Response&#xA;Java -- For Parsing the XML and writing code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28797" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T14:17:48.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30451" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30383" CreationDate="2017-11-07T14:52:00.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Website Testing on Browser you must see or perform below checkpoint: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;UI Appearance: Placements, Fonts, Color combination, Spell Checks, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functionality of All Web elements -- same as that of Mobile Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appearance of Dialog Box on some actions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Behavior for Right click, Drag, and Drop &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Browser Back and Forward button &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In Security Purpose: Check the URL's when navigating or when login into the application. The URL should not have any sought of password in them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Appearances of Drop Downs and Lists&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Uploading of files&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Compatibility Testing with different versions of the browser&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multi-Browser Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Performance Testing, Security Testing, Functional and Database Testing should be done for both Mobile based Websites and Browser Based Websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28797" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T14:52:00.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30452" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1798" CreationDate="2017-11-07T16:31:16.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;One small thought. You might want to do both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing against &quot;production&quot; data helps you find some problems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing against a special mock database may help you test the limits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example of no2. (Part of it is real world, my experience). Everyone knows that there are a maximum of 24 hours per day. Or? Assume that you want to calculate hours worked. And I work past midnight. It might never have happened (yet) in production data, but one day it will. Or, well, how many hours are there in a day when day-light savings time is changed. There are probably both 23 and 25 hour days in addition to 24. A mock database could contain these &quot;at the limits&quot; data which you might not find in a production data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have learned the hard way to always define limits on data, and to prohibit input of data outside the limits. The 24 hour per day is one example of how thinking through the limits carefully showcases the use of defining limits. Well, my two cents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28053" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T16:31:16.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6757" CreationDate="2017-11-07T16:54:24.250" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe it is a very good idea read back from the database. The reason is that things sometimes (or often) are not quite as simple as they may look. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the example above: what happens if the phone number is all zeroes? What happen if a user actually has a phone number like this +46-728-123456 (a mobile number in Sweden, not mine, hope no-one gets a phone call now). Or if you actually have numbers with characters, say (abc)def-ghijkl&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you enter a correct name like this: Håkon Hésteier (a faked name). How does the underlaying layers and the data base handling international characters - there are a lot of settings that may effect that. It is no way certain that these characters will be stored exactly as entered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience you need to define limits on all database fields. This is not really up to the testing phase to do, but testing can feedback that the design (requirements or what you call them) are insufficiently detailed. As a the tester should try to find these cases close to and outside the &quot;limits&quot; and include them in test harness. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One classical example is SQL injections where if you enter partial SQL statements to, say, a name field the database gets corrupted by the database not simply storing modified data, but actually interpreting the data as SQL statements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One small example: I lately downloaded an app the supposedly should advise me on how to get better loans. You where supposed to enter current interest rate. The app did allow me to enter one loan with a rate of 2.12% rate, but could not accept another loan with a rate of 3.01. They had forgot to test the case whith the x.0x as loan rate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28053" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T16:54:24.250" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30455" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28836" CreationDate="2017-11-07T17:37:34.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your extent reporter class, specify the code as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ExtentReports extent = new ExtentReports(&quot;Specify the file path here where your extent reports should reside&quot;,false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parameter &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt; - Is used to append the reports of previous run testcase along with newly run testcase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Parameter &lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt;- Deletes the history of reports of previous run testcases and shows only the reports of newly run testcases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27479" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-07T18:08:22.260" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T18:08:22.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30456" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30435" CreationDate="2017-11-07T18:19:00.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are the device lists for &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/devicefarm/latest/developerguide/devices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AWS DeviceFarm&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://testcloud.xamarin.com/devices&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xamarin Test Cloud&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href=&quot;https://help.testobject.com/docs/general-reference/devices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SauceLabs TestObject&lt;/a&gt;. I have worked with each and they all accept a device identifier (defined in desired capabilities or via command line param). You get this Name or ID by picking from a list that clearly labels if it is a real device. I haven't found/looked for any emulators/simulators in my use of the products so I can't say if they even have them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-11-07T18:19:00.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30462" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-08T13:31:36.393" Score="5" ViewCount="322" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if you have faced the situation but I wanted to open a  discussion about the following topic: How to motive developers to test their own work? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I mean &quot;their own work&quot; it can go from a feature they have realized or a fix to a bug. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm the only QA in a team of 9 developers for a project involving mobile, web and server work. The amount of work is more and more important and my time becomes precious. The current problem that I sometimes experience is that some developers develop features or fixes but don't really test what they have done. They compile and then send that to me for testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With my project manager who is also a developer we want to incite other developers to review their own work and perform a minimum of testing. It is annoying to see that a bug is still happening with exactly the same reproduction steps when i'm reviewing a fix. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How is it working in your team? Did you faced this issue also? I know that Atlasssian is doing a great job on this side and motivate developers to review and test their jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastEditorUserId="21930" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T12:16:29.213" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T17:13:59.563" Title="How to motivate devs to test their own work?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30463" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30462" CreationDate="2017-11-08T13:51:28.187" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A viable option is to &lt;strong&gt;bake quality into the process&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When planning a sprint/feature/..., add &lt;strong&gt;default tasks&lt;/strong&gt; to each item such as &lt;code&gt;Code review&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Write unit tests&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Code review fixes&lt;/code&gt;, ... That way you make the work visible, and because the tasks are there, they have to be done. For defects, you can add similar tasks apart from the fix itself (for example, some unit tests for a bugfix, or a review for a complex refactor). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, you must realize that development itself will slow down partially because time is invested in broader activities - but that should repay itself over time in terms of quality (less bugs, happier end users). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First discuss this with the team (in the hope that they are somewhat willing to cooperate along this path), and maybe go about it step by step to allow them to get used to their new obligations. But above all make them understand their responsibility - a good developer does not simply throw untested/unreviewed code over the fence!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another fun one to try: if a developer commits code, have him go over the acceptance criteria together with the analyst, on the deployed testing environment (because it always works on their local machine ;). The analyst might already catch some things the developer can fix immediately, saving you and himself time later on by not having to log a defect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to take it to the next level, think about having developers assist you in writing automated tests at API and/or GUI level. Especially when you're the only QA person for 9 developers, consider this approach: you write the cases for automated tests, they implement them, you review them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T13:51:28.187" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30462" CreationDate="2017-11-08T14:10:57.780" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Answer is &lt;strong&gt;unit-testing&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;test-driven development&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For every bug, first a new unit-test is written (or code added to existing test, if appropriate). This test will fail because bug is not fixed, but it proves that your unit test checks for the correct conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then developer fixes the code, and test should pass.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All test should pass before commit &lt;strong&gt;(definition of &quot;DONE&quot; includes passing all unit tests)&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a bonus, if some changes months or years later would cause the same bug, unit test will catch that before change was even committed to the trunk, far before it went to QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is a big cultural change for devs&lt;/strong&gt; (write a failing test first), but this is industry standard, and best way to quality software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This also allows for refactoring and paying down the accumulated technical debt - so developers are not afraid to improve code because they might not understand all consequences of the changes - unit tests (and end-to-end tests) take care of that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I am not sure how QA can &lt;strong&gt;motivate developers&lt;/strong&gt; to make that change: only &lt;strong&gt;dev manager&lt;/strong&gt; can do that, and it most companies QA is not in position to manage developers and &lt;strong&gt;decide what devs do in their time&lt;/strong&gt;. It CANNOT be a responsibility to QA &lt;strong&gt;tester&lt;/strong&gt;. QA manager (senior person whose responsibilities include quality) need to talk to dev manager. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You as QA tester can only suggest to dev manager, and if you will get no traction, it might be good time to start looking for a new position, because you are being set up for failure. &lt;strong&gt;QA cannot &quot;assure&quot; the quality&lt;/strong&gt; (and certainly cannot motivate devs to do something their manager does not care about), quality has to be designed in to the product, and &lt;strong&gt;QA can only assist&lt;/strong&gt; management to provide information about current status of quality&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-11-08T16:09:10.957" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T16:09:10.957" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30466" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-08T17:43:05.727" Score="1" ViewCount="47" Body="&lt;p&gt;During UAT, which tool you are using so users can enter bugs/issues easily and you can focus to work with the dev. to resolve them faster for users. Please share what worked and what did not work.&#xA;Thanks in advance!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16925" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T18:54:22.773" Title="Can you share your experience about UAT tool to enter issues from users?" Tags="&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30462" CreationDate="2017-11-08T17:49:50.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You need to change the culture.  Not easy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Addressing &lt;em&gt;motiviation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recommend looking into:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Relating performance in this area to pay*&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Management focus on good testing practices&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Frequent presentations on quality issues and approaches&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hire developers who are already passionate about testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have lunch and learns on testing videos (no prep needed)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have automation and application engineers go to testing conferences&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure automation engineers are not treated as second class citizens&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make code review processes meaningful and include tests and reviews from QE&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Have 'issue specific retrospectives' with root cause analysis for   better testing opportunities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* be careful using metrics though.  This is often better assessed by a person.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T17:49:50.913" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30468" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30462" CreationDate="2017-11-08T18:02:33.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best situation is one in which the &lt;strong&gt;developer has internalized delivering a high-quality product&lt;/strong&gt;.  You do that through education, e.g. by showing the relationship between quality and the organization's success and their own success.  Sometimes that works, especially in a small organization like yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another way to motivate developers to test their work is by providing incentives that &lt;strong&gt;reward high quality&lt;/strong&gt; and/or &lt;strong&gt;punish low quality&lt;/strong&gt;.  Some companies do that through shaming (e.g. publish quality metrics).  If you are comfortable using code coverage as a proxy for quality, you could break the build if the code coverage is too low.  These kinds of measures require some overhead.  They can also have unintentional consequences, e.g. developers gaming the system so that they meet an explicit goal but do not necessarily improve quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T17:17:30.813" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T17:17:30.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30469" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30472" CreationDate="2017-11-08T18:33:37.347" Score="-2" ViewCount="106" Body="&lt;p&gt;New folder is not displayed as a separate folder. Instead, it is created as a sub folder of an existing one&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3QVp2.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/3QVp2.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please, has anyone encountered this problem ? In M/S Visual Studio, a new folder is created as a sub-folder to an existing one. This is not the way it should work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To create a new folder (as a separate folder on the tree), I right click the main C# icon (in this case, &lt;code&gt;CV_Lib_Test&lt;/code&gt;) and select add &gt;&gt; Folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the folder is created as a sub-folder under the &quot;Menu&quot; folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also done a google search &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc294731.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;from here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am aware that i can Rename a copied folder - as work around.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I just wanted to know if anyone has been able to solve this issue before ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21701" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T10:21:42.803" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T10:21:42.803" Title="Creating A Folder In Visual Studio 2015 Adds It As A Sub-Folder Of An Existing Folder" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;visualstudio&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-11-09T15:33:44.973" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30466" CreationDate="2017-11-08T18:54:22.773" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our process, users of production system do not enter bugs: they enter feedback.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is shared responsibility (developers, QA, problem matter experts, analysts, sys admins etc) to triage the feedback and respond, which might be of several different types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;more training and/or contact by field rep&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;configuration changes not available to customers (performed by configuration/implementation team), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;configuration changes we ask our providers to do (and customers pay us for knowing what to change, when and how, and often do it for them), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;existing known bugs (higher feedback  might increase priority), &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;new bugs. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For UAT (I assume User Acceptance testing - when asking a question, it is always helpful not to use jargon which might be misunderstood): We do not enter the feedback, but negotiate directly what is correct response (from above).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You cannot expect a all your users to have insight into all this process and enter bugs correctly, and even if users have direct access to bug tracker, someone still needs to evaluate new entries and triage them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T18:54:22.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30472" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30469" CreationDate="2017-11-08T19:48:23.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NewFolder1&lt;/strong&gt; folder is not created as sub-folder of &lt;strong&gt;menu&lt;/strong&gt; folder, Visual Studio just alphabetically sorts it. If VS would create &lt;strong&gt;NewFolder1&lt;/strong&gt; as sub-folder of menu, you wont' be able to see it unless &lt;strong&gt;menu&lt;/strong&gt; folder is expanded (in your screenshot it is collapsed). Hopefully this clears out the picture.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastActivityDate="2017-11-08T19:48:23.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30473" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-09T06:30:48.557" Score="0" ViewCount="1535" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an Android mobile app. which provides facility to login in this app using Facebook but while automating this page, I'm not able to tap continue button which comes after entering username and password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c6U0D.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c6U0D.png&quot; alt=&quot;image of fb log in&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using below xpath to find the continue button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AndroidFindBy(xpath= &quot;//android.widget.Button[@content-desc=\&quot;Continue\&quot;]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help me. how do find it appropriately ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26788" LastEditorUserId="26788" LastEditDate="2017-11-12T06:42:18.530" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T06:42:18.530" Title="How can i write automation code in appium to test facebook login by mobile app?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-11-10T23:45:00.310" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30474" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30475" CreationDate="2017-11-09T07:11:34.320" Score="1" ViewCount="1628" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the scenario :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;20 users with one thread group and 6 driver with other thread group here interlink the thread group with &lt;code&gt;beanshell Assertion&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;setproperty&lt;/code&gt; method so from 20 user is generating 20 pickup id.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So here is the response- &lt;code&gt;{&quot;error&quot;:&quot;200&quot;,&quot;error_description&quot;:&quot;7000&quot;}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm getting for 20 it is like 7001,7002,7003.....7020 but I am sending this pick up id to next thread group by using &lt;code&gt;${__property(PickUpId_value)}&lt;/code&gt; so here 6 driver accepting the same pick id that is 7020  last one. this the against the functionality how to over come this problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any way that &lt;code&gt;${_property()}&lt;/code&gt; store all the generated pick up id and assign different pick up id to all the 6 drivers in next Thread group ? Please help me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T10:22:39.240" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T10:22:39.240" Title="How to store all and multiple response data using setProperty Function in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30474" CreationDate="2017-11-09T08:04:15.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would recommend switching to JSR223 Assertion and Groovy language as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Since JMeter 3.1 &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it is recommended to use JSR223 Test Elements and Groovy for scripting&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://groovy-lang.org/json.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy has built-in JSON support&lt;/a&gt; so you will be able to parse responses without using any extra test elements or libraries&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/groovy-new-black&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy performs much better than Beanshell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if use the following Groovy code in the JSR223 Assertion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def threadName = Thread.currentThread().getName()&#xA;threadName = threadName.substring(threadName.lastIndexOf('-') + 1)&#xA;&#xA;def response = new groovy.json.JsonSlurper().parse(prev.getResponseData())&#xA;props.put('PickUpId_value_' + threadName, response.error_description)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will generate the following (or similar) JMeter Properties:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PickUpId_value_1=7000&#xA;PickUpId_value_2=7001&#xA;PickUpId_value_3=7002&#xA;PickUpId_value_4=7003&#xA;PickUpId_value_5=7004&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you will be able to refer it using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__threadNum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__threadNum() function&lt;/a&gt; like &lt;code&gt;${__P(PickUpId_value_${__threadNum},)}&lt;/code&gt; or any JMeter Variable, for example &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Counter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Counter&lt;/a&gt; reference name like &lt;code&gt;${__P(PickUpId_value_${someCounterValue},)}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T08:04:15.127" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30483" CreationDate="2017-11-09T11:31:51.543" Score="0" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to the SOAPUI and have created few rest mock services in it.&#xA;Now I have two separate rest mock services which do not interact with each other but are under the same project in SoapUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only commonality between these two services is one UID, which is passed to both services, Now I want to save some status along with the UID on first web services and want to find the status of the first web service based on that UID in the second service.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So is there any way in which I create a map like data structure in SoapUI which can be shared across multiple mock services?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2018-02-07T17:16:03.970" Title="How to save and share the data across multiple requests under same project in SoapUI?" Tags="&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30479" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16635" CreationDate="2017-11-09T12:15:30.003" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you need to limit this behavior to one request, add a &lt;em&gt;Result Status Action Handler&lt;/em&gt; as a child of the request&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hzYBN.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hzYBN.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's in post processor, then if it fails you can configure what happens, e.g. Stop the Thread from carrying on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y0tHg.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/y0tHg.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28982" LastEditorUserId="28982" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T15:13:43.653" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T15:13:43.653" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30480" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-09T12:21:09.567" Score="2" ViewCount="3024" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some cases I need to test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same user login on multiple Android Devices?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Different user login on multiple Android Devices?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;No user login on Android Devices?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28981" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T15:32:36.120" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T01:12:26.720" Title="What are the Test Cases for Push Notification?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-12-11T18:20:19.767" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30480" CreationDate="2017-11-09T12:26:49.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you describe a little bit more the context and the application? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check multiples sessions of the same account yes on two devices, app in background, app stopped and these two operations again after you logged out the current session and ensure that you don't receive them in this case. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21930" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T12:26:49.070" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30462" CreationDate="2017-11-09T12:30:17.503" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think this is common situation for all QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but i think that might be solution there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if functionality are Completed then  force to Developer to do UNIT Testing.&#xA;if Unit testing are not done from developer side that means developer has not Developed proper, because if developer Done The UNIT Testing then most of the functionality is working proper so we have to think only different cases on that functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot; Unit Testing is normally performed by software developers themselves or their peers. In rare cases it may also be performed by independent software testers.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So Force to Him For UNIT Testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28981" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T12:30:17.503" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30477" CreationDate="2017-11-09T13:20:49.577" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the first Request, we will use the following statement&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mockOperation.mockService.project.setPropertyValue(UID,”xyz”)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the second Request, we can simply get the value of UID using the following statement:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def value = mockOperation.mockService.project.getPropertValue(UID)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T13:20:49.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30484" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28311" CreationDate="2017-11-09T13:40:43.600" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;'Create Webdriver' keyword allows passing argument to &lt;code&gt;WebDriver's __init__&lt;/code&gt;, this means that it can pass argument to the constructor of WebDriver class. And WebDriver class constructor has an argument as &lt;code&gt;'executable_path'&lt;/code&gt; which is the path of the webdriver exe file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We can use keyword arguments i.e &lt;code&gt;kwargs={}&lt;/code&gt; to pass arguments to the the WebDriver Constructor. We have to create keyword dictionary and pass it in as argument &lt;code&gt;kwargs&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the detail of keyword Create WebDriver:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create &lt;code&gt;Webdriver driver_name, alias=None, kwargs={}, **init_kwargs&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code to launch webdriver from custom path and launch URL:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Variables ***&#xA;${Driver_Path}=     C:${/}webdriver${/}chromedriver.exe&#xA;${url}=     google.com&#xA;&#xA;*** Keywords ***&#xA;${dict}     Create Dictonary    executable_path=${Driver_Path}&#xA;Create Webdriver    driver_name=Chrome  kwargs=${dict}&#xA;Maximize Browser Window&#xA;Go To   ${url}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28983" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T23:44:38.027" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T23:44:38.027" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30486" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30671" CreationDate="2017-11-09T16:33:15.237" Score="0" ViewCount="73" Body="&lt;p&gt;The latest trend in web application is Progressive web apps (shortly known as PWA). Can you share your experiences in testing this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T12:02:44.530" Title="Share Progressive web apps testing experiences" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-23T19:35:39.083" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30487" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-09T16:43:44.247" Score="17" ViewCount="10410" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to use a throwaway email address domain in my test scripts. Currently, we are using &lt;code&gt;mailinator&lt;/code&gt; but it blocks users after a certain limit of bulk emails is reached.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any other better way of achieving this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28986" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-09T16:54:05.413" LastActivityDate="2020-10-22T23:24:14.553" Title="Proper way to use throwaway email addresses for testing" Tags="&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30488" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30487" CreationDate="2017-11-09T16:52:49.447" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've handled the scenario with the local smtp server setup with the open source tools like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hmailserver.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;hMailserver&lt;/a&gt;.  After setting up, you can define your own domains and email ids.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T16:52:49.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30489" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30487" CreationDate="2017-11-09T17:09:35.150" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;For manual testing (ie, visually inspecting the emails), you should use a local SMTP server, like Bhavani. I've used &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailcatcher.me/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mailcatcher&lt;/a&gt; in the past and really enjoyed it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28987" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T17:09:35.150" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30487" CreationDate="2017-11-09T18:00:51.313" Score="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used a &lt;a href=&quot;https://gmail.googleblog.com/2008/03/2-hidden-ways-to-get-more-from-your.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;trick with gmail&lt;/a&gt; where you can append +string on any address. The string I filled in was a Unix Time Stamp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Original Email Address: yourName@gmail.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing Email Address: yourName+1510250387@gmail.com&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T18:00:51.313" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30487" CreationDate="2017-11-09T18:56:27.860" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Any time you need to test something where the application under test interacts with outside services, you have a couple of choices:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1)  Stubbing&#xA;2)  Use a real service&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there's a choice between using an internal or external stub or service.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Stubbing is where you build a fake interface, that just does enough for the application under test to be tested.  The problem is that for something like SMTP, where you have many, many error conditions and the like, in order to stub properly, you might as well write your own SMTP server.  Or you could use one of the many options that come up when you google &quot;stub smtp server.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second option is using a real SMTP server (or, better, several different SMTP servers).  For integration testing, this is the best way to go.  This is because standards can be interpreted differently, and you need to make sure that your application works with different interpretations of the standards.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you have a choice between managing the service internally, externally for free, or externally for a fee.  If you're testing anything you plan to charge for, I would very strongly suggest either hosting the service internally, or externally where you have some sort of contractual agreement with the service.  In the case of mailinator, for example, &lt;em&gt;anyone&lt;/em&gt; can read mail that has been sent to a given inbox.  If your competitors find out that you're using a publicly available, world-readable service to test new products with, there's a chance they will be able to figure out what you're working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T18:56:27.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30473" CreationDate="2017-11-09T19:38:27.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Most likely this is calling an activity within the Facebook application. Your driver, therefore, doesn't know how to interact with it. In order to tell it how to, you need to find the package/ID of the activity that is called and set it as an &quot;appWaitActivity&quot; capability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to do similar within my app to call an MS login activity. The Java code looks like the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;capabilities.setCapability(&quot;appWaitActivity&quot;, &quot;com.microsoft.aad.adal.AuthenticationActivity&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26501" LastActivityDate="2017-11-09T19:38:27.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30498" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30499" CreationDate="2017-11-10T08:50:30.583" Score="0" ViewCount="166" Body="&lt;p&gt;2 questions in 1:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1) In all the Selenium tutorials they divide the ways of finding elements in the way like:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;1. By ID&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2. By CLASS&lt;br&gt;&#xA;3. By NAME&lt;br&gt;&#xA;4. By TAGNAME&lt;br&gt;&#xA;5. By CSS Selector&#xA;6. By Link&lt;br&gt;&#xA;7. By XPath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand there are special functions in Find.By class in Selenium for each of these, but are all of them really different ways of specifying elements in the &lt;code&gt;DOM&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Class&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Name&lt;/code&gt; are just a special cases of &lt;code&gt;TagNames&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;2) And in the similar way:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Are &lt;code&gt;Xpath&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;CSS&lt;/code&gt; are the only actual 2 different approaches to search for elements in the &lt;code&gt;DOM&lt;/code&gt; while &lt;code&gt;Name&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Class&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Tag&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Text&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;LinkText&lt;/code&gt; are just parameters used to specify the elements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7884" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T10:21:46.727" Title="Are SelectById, SelectByClass and SelectByName just special cases of general SelectByTag?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;css-selectors&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30499" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30498" CreationDate="2017-11-10T09:02:47.797" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, a tag name is what you find in brackets:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;tagName&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tagName&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a shortcut for the CSS selector &lt;code&gt;tagName&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Name&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ID&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; are all attributes of an element, they are simply shorthand for specific CSS selectors you could use. However, with this I don't mean they are executed like this behind the scenes (see Question 2 below).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ID replaces the CSS selector &lt;code&gt;#foo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Name replaces the CSS selector &lt;code&gt;[name='foo']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Class replaces the CSS selector &lt;code&gt;.foo&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look at these source files: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/tree/c10e8a955883f004452cdde18096d70738397788/javascript/atoms/locators&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/tree/c10e8a955883f004452cdde18096d70738397788/javascript/atoms/locators&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It will show you how each locator finds a match. For example, the &lt;code&gt;LinkText&lt;/code&gt; locator first finds all links (by tag name &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;) and then filters on the text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T10:21:46.727" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T10:21:46.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30487" CreationDate="2017-11-10T11:38:16.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guerrillamail.com/inbox&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.guerrillamail.com/inbox&lt;/a&gt; it has a selection of domains for you to use which gets over the blocking issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29013" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T11:38:16.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30312" CreationDate="2017-11-10T11:40:09.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A slightly tweaked solution to dimkin's has worked for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;&#xA;// Disable extensions and hide infobars&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;--disable-extensions&quot;);&#xA;options.addArguments(&quot;disable-infobars&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; prefs = new HashMap&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;// Enable Flash&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;profile.default_content_setting_values.plugins&quot;, 1);&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;profile.content_settings.plugin_whitelist.adobe-flash-player&quot;, 1);&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;profile.content_settings.exceptions.plugins.*,*.per_resource.adobe-flash-player&quot;, 1);&#xA;&#xA;// Hide save credentials prompt&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;credentials_enable_service&quot;, false);&#xA;prefs.put(&quot;profile.password_manager_enabled&quot;, false);&#xA;options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;prefs&quot;, prefs);&#xA;&#xA;ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28820" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-10T23:45:29.797" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T23:45:29.797" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7914" CreationDate="2017-11-10T12:46:26.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use this tool &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mobizen.com/?locale=en&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mobizen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need to download it's companion mirorring app from the play store&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it easily allows to share android screen and you don't need to root your device also&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has good manual and easy installation and you can get goining in less than 10 minutes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29015" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T12:46:26.217" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30504" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-10T13:17:53.660" Score="1" ViewCount="289" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to TDD. Currently, I had run more than 2000 test cases parallel with chrome headless browser using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/concurrently&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;concurrently-npm package&lt;/a&gt;. All the test cases are working fine. If any of the test cases get failed means, I have found the test result for each folder with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/karma-html-detailed-reporter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;karma-html-detailed-reporter&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been generated the coverage report as JSON reports and then converted them to HTML report with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.npmjs.com/package/istanbul-combine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;istanbul-combine package&lt;/a&gt;. I have configured the gulp tool to perform multiple tasks for all test cases folders. I am hereby to share sample gulp tasks for one of my folder,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gulp.js file:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/**&#xA;* Generates json code coverage report in folder reporters/new&#xA;*/&#xA;gulp.task('new', function (done) {&#xA; return new Server({&#xA;    configFile: __dirname + '/karma.conf.new.js',&#xA;    action: 'run',&#xA;    singleRun: true,&#xA;    preprocessors: {&#xA;        'js/**/**/**/*.js': ['coverage'] //' js/**/**/*.js'&#xA;    },&#xA;    reporters: ['progress', 'htmlDetailed', 'coverage'],&#xA;    coverageReporter: {&#xA;        dir: './cireports',&#xA;        subdir: &quot;reporters/json_reports&quot;,&#xA;        reporters: [&#xA;            { type: 'json', file: &quot;new.json&quot; }&#xA;        ]&#xA;    },&#xA;    customLaunchers: {&#xA;        MyHeadlessChrome_Mobile: {&#xA;            base: 'ChromeHeadless',&#xA;            flags: ['--disable-translate', '--disable-extensions', '--remote-debugging-port=9223', &quot;--headless&quot;, &quot;--disable-gpu&quot;, &quot;--window-size=500,500&quot;],&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;    },&#xA;    browsers: ['MyHeadlessChrome_new']&#xA;}, done).on('error', function (err) {&#xA;    throw err;&#xA;}).start();&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have multiple karma-configuration files for each test case folders. I am hereby sharing one of my karma configuration file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;karma.config.js :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;module.exports = function(config) {&#xA; config.set({&#xA;  browsers: ['Chrome', 'IE', 'Firefox', 'ChromeHeadless'],&#xA;  frameworks: ['jquery-1.10.2', 'jasmine-jquery', 'jasmine'],&#xA;  files: [&#xA;'js/**/**/**/**.min.css',&#xA;'js/**/**/**/**/*.min.css',&#xA;'js/*/*/new/*.js',  &#xA;{&#xA;    pattern: 'js/**/**/Index.html',&#xA;    watched:true,&#xA;    served:true,&#xA;    included:false&#xA;}&#xA;],&#xA;port:9888,&#xA;browserNoActivityTimeout: 100000,&#xA;captureTimeout: 100000,&#xA;reporters: ['progress', 'htmlDetailed'],&#xA;htmlDetailed: {&#xA;        splitResults: false,&#xA;        dir: 'cireports/nunit/new',&#xA;        fileName:'TestResult.html',&#xA;        autoReload: false,&#xA;        useHostedBootstrap: true&#xA;    },&#xA;coverageReporter: {&#xA;  type: &quot;html&quot;,&#xA;  check: {&#xA;    each: {&#xA;      statements: 0,&#xA;      branches: 0,&#xA;      functions: 0,&#xA;      lines: 0&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;});&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;package.JSON :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;&quot;name&quot;: &quot;gulp-karma&quot;,&#xA;&quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.0.0&quot;,&#xA;&quot;description&quot;: &quot;&quot;,&#xA;&quot;scripts&quot;: {&#xA; &quot;test&quot;: &quot;gulp test&quot;,&#xA; &quot;ci&quot;: &quot;gulp ci&quot;,&#xA; &quot;coverage&quot;: &quot;concurrently \&quot;gulp zero\&quot; \&quot;gulp one\&quot; \&quot;gulp two\&quot;&quot;,&#xA; &quot;coverage_report&quot;: &quot;concurrently \&quot;gulp generate_newcoverage\&quot; \&quot;gulp generate_combined_coverage\&quot;&quot;,&#xA;&quot;lint&quot;: &quot;gulp runeslint&quot;&#xA; },&#xA;&quot;devDependencies&quot;: {&#xA; &quot;concurrently&quot;: &quot;^3.5.0&quot;,&#xA; &quot;eslint-html-reporter&quot;: &quot;^0.5.2&quot;,&#xA; &quot;ghooks&quot;: &quot;^1.2.4&quot;,&#xA; &quot;gulp&quot;: &quot;^3.9.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;gulp-csslint&quot;: &quot;^0.3.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;gulp-eslint&quot;: &quot;^2.0.0&quot;,&#xA; &quot;gulp-jasmine&quot;: &quot;^2.4.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;gulp-lesshint&quot;: &quot;^2.0.0&quot;,&#xA; &quot;gulp-shell&quot;: &quot;^0.6.3&quot;,&#xA; &quot;istanbul-combine&quot;: &quot;^0.3.0&quot;,&#xA; &quot;jasmine&quot;: &quot;^2.4.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;jasmine-core&quot;: &quot;^2.4.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;jasmine-jquery&quot;: &quot;^2.1.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;jquery-1x&quot;: &quot;^1.10.2&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma&quot;: &quot;^1.7.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-chrome-launcher&quot;: &quot;^2.2.0&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-coverage&quot;: &quot;^1.1.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-firefox-launcher&quot;: &quot;^1.0.0&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-html-detailed-reporter&quot;: &quot;^1.1.20&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-ie-launcher&quot;: &quot;^1.0.0&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-jasmine&quot;: &quot;^1.0.2&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-jasmine-jquery-2&quot;: &quot;^0.1.1&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-jquery&quot;: &quot;^0.1.0&quot;,&#xA; &quot;karma-safari-launcher&quot;: &quot;^1.0.0&quot;&#xA; },&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After the test case execution, the test result for the folder will generate in &lt;code&gt;&quot;cireports/nunit/...&quot;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in my source, only &lt;code&gt;TestResult.html&lt;/code&gt; only generated, the bootstrap and JQuery was not created in that Nunit folders with karma-html-detailed-reporter. Even though, if I set the &lt;code&gt;&quot;useHostedBootstrap: true&quot;&lt;/code&gt; value to true, the bootstrap and JQuery files were not created in my unit folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following code shows the &lt;code&gt;reporter.js&lt;/code&gt; file default code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;karma-html-detailed-reporter/lib/reporter.js:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (useHosted) {&#xA;&#xA;    template = template.replace(/\{\{jquery_Path\}\}/g, 'https://code.jquery.com');&#xA;&#xA;    template = template.replace(/\{\{bootstrap_Path\}\}/g, 'https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7');&#xA;&#xA;} else {&#xA;&#xA;    var basePaths = getRelativePaths();&#xA;&#xA;    template = template.replace(/\{\{jquery_Path\}\}/g, basePaths.jquery);&#xA;&#xA;    template = template.replace(/\{\{bootstrap_Path\}\}/g, basePaths.bootstrap);&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA; .....&#xA; .....      &#xA; function getRelativePaths() {&#xA;    var paths = {};&#xA;&#xA;    // Get bootstrap's path&#xA;    var bootstrap = require.resolve('bootstrap');&#xA;    if (!bootstrap) log.error('Bootstrap is not found!');&#xA;    else {&#xA;        bootstrap = require('path').dirname(bootstrap);&#xA;        bootstrap = splitResults ? path.relative(outputDir + '/tempFolder/', bootstrap) : path.relative(outputDir, bootstrap);&#xA;        paths.bootstrap = bootstrap.substring(0, bootstrap.indexOf(&quot;\\js&quot;)).replace(/\\/g, '/');  // &amp;lt;- This gives the path of the '/js' subfolder of bootstrap, so we need to go one level up&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Get jquery's path&#xA;    var jquery = require.resolve('jquery');&#xA;    if (!jquery) log.error('jQuery is not found!');&#xA;    else {&#xA;        jquery = require('path').dirname(jquery);&#xA;        paths.jquery = (splitResults ? path.relative(outputDir + '/tempFolder/', jquery) : path.relative(outputDir, jquery)).replace(/\\/g, '/');&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    log.debug('Paths: ', paths);&#xA;    return paths;&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above code, I want to refer to custom JQuery and bootstrap location with my source. because &lt;code&gt;useHostedBootstrap&lt;/code&gt; was not working in &lt;code&gt;karma-html-detailed-reporter&lt;/code&gt;. That's why I've switched into a custom location for JQuery and bootstratp. My bootstrap and JQuery paths are,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bootstrap.min.js :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;My_Folder\cireports\bootstrap\dist\js\bootstrap.min.js&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bootstrap.min.css :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;My_Folder\cireports\bootstrap\dist\css\bootstrap.min.css&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;jquery.min.js :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;My_Folder\node_modules\jquery\dist\jquery.min.js&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also, I had posted an issue regarding this, &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/a11smiles/karma-html-detailed-reporter/issues/17&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;custom jquery and bootstrap path&lt;/a&gt; in karma-html-detailed-reporter-issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone tell me, how to refer my locations in &lt;code&gt;karma-html-detailed-reporter/lib/reporter.js&lt;/code&gt; file?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27557" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:47:07.820" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:47:07.820" Title="How to refer custom jquery and bootstrap path in karma-html-detailed-reporter's reporter.js file?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7914" CreationDate="2017-11-10T13:36:15.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;if you want it working on all Platforms you should use &lt;a href=&quot;https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/vysor/gidgenkbbabolejbgbpnhbimgjbffefm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Vysor&lt;/a&gt;. It's an Addon for Chrome Webbrowser. &#xA;The free version can also be installed manually without chrome from the website: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vysor.io/download/?return=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vysor.io%2F&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Download page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect Device via USB&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run (vysor installs a APK on your device via adb)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The free version displays advertising on startup and every 15 minutes. There is a purchasable version aswell.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25536" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T13:36:15.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30506" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30507" CreationDate="2017-11-10T13:48:01.800" Score="4" ViewCount="1432" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for a tool/framework (preferably in Java if it involves coding) that allows me to load test a server. I need to be able to launch multiple EC2 instances, hit the server hard for a period of time, log the response times to something that can be graphed (i.e. CloudWatch?), and then shutdown the instances. Automation for the tests is also needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't had a lot of experience with load testing - I've tried out using the Jmeter GUI for a very simple test to hit a URL, and I've been researching how Grinder works. Could either of these allow creation/shutdown of EC2 instances in their tests? Is there a better option out there to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29017" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T12:13:02.203" Title="Load/stress testing framework for AWS EC2 instances with startup/shutdown?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;stress-testing&gt;&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30506" CreationDate="2017-11-10T14:28:49.200" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Before anything, I would recommend you to think about an important point:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the main purpose behind your test?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to define your SLO/SLIs first (KPIs).&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example if the KPI is &quot;throughput&quot;, then you need to think about what should be your scaling policy and allow Autoscaling to do the Adding/Removing instance job for you.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously you can Add and Terminate the instances using different tools but at the end, most of them will use AWS client to do it.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So, if you want everything to be automated, my suggestion would be a Scala test which uses:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt; +  &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/seratch/AWScala&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AWScala&lt;/a&gt; to prepare and shutdown the stack and instances.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By this, you can create your stacks, monitor the response time both on Gatling and also for example at ELB levels on CloudWatch.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Last but not the least, Load Tests are usually expensive and is not happening very often, so maybe you don't need everything automated. Just create the stacks manually as you wish, define the scaling policy and then do the Load Testing and monitoring.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastEditorUserId="13048" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T12:13:02.203" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T12:13:02.203" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30509" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-10T22:08:15.337" Score="4" ViewCount="108" Body="&lt;p&gt;My question is mostly related to getting some recommendations around on best practices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my organization mostly the developers write the automated tests. Automation test UI /API and regression tests live with the application codebase. Only one master branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;App Code and test automation code resides on GitHub.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The developer works on an application feature, make changes to the automation script, checks it on GitHub, create a PR and after review merges the code with the master.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins build kicks-off, runs UI, integration, and UI tests and deploy the code in &quot;Dev&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem at hand is when we try to run the tests in regression it breaks because the application changes in &quot;Dev&quot; is not yet available in &quot;TEST&quot; region.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How would you handle this?&#xA;Would you have a separate repository for automation? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;BTW, all automated tests are in Protractor + Jasmine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29024" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-11T10:22:38.833" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T10:22:38.833" Title="How to align dev and test development for regressions?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-process&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30509" CreationDate="2017-11-10T23:35:52.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If I understand the situation correctly, then either (1) you're promoting the test code into master before the production code, or (2) your regression test suite includes tests that are not yet in master.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 1, change your promotion process so that test code and production code are always promoted together.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If 2, change your regression test process to run tests only from the master branch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, I don't know the details, so you may have factors that make my advice troublesome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I would put a great deal of effort into solving the problem without separating the tests into a separate repository. Putting tests in a separate repository will, I think, increase the cost of keeping the test code and production code compatible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-11-10T23:35:52.427" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30513" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-11T01:48:54.103" Score="2" ViewCount="14390" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a scenario where i need to execute a scenario in a feature file multiple times as long as the Test Data is present in the Excel. Each row of the Excel has a different set of test data. I want the feature to run 'n' times for 'n' sets of test data present in the excel rows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I researched and found that there are no looping controls in cucumber. However i couldn't think of a way to do it and hence no code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to achieve this ? Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20836" LastActivityDate="2021-02-22T21:47:20.657" Title="Running a Cucumber scenario multiple times as long as a new Test Data set is present in excel" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30514" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30513" CreationDate="2017-11-11T05:54:02.030" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cucumber has Scenario Outline with Examples to 'loop' over the same Scenario with different test cases. You can use it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario Outline: eating&#xA;  Given there are  cucumbers&#xA;  When I eat  cucumbers&#xA;  Then I should have  cucumbers&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Examples:&#xA;    | start | eat | left |&#xA;    |  12   |  5  |  7   |&#xA;    |  20   |  5  |  15  |&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use 'Scenario Outline' instead of Scenario. Use  as placeholders for the variables you want to use in your test cases. Make sure the names of the placeholders match the column names in your Examples table. And make sure the 'Examples' keyword is aligned with the Given/When/Then keywords.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If on the other hand, you &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; use excel for the test cases for some reason, Cucumber might not be the framework to use.&#xA;Be aware that I/0 (reading from a file) is expensive (takes longer), so it will slow down your tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29030" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T05:54:02.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30515" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30386" CreationDate="2017-11-11T06:59:20.967" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I use Rest Assured for API testing.  Since you are already using Postman, I recommend that you also look into &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/docs/postman/collection_runs/command_line_integration_with_newman&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Newman&lt;/a&gt; to integrate your Postman tests into a continuous integration solution. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27439" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T06:59:20.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30486" CreationDate="2017-11-11T12:21:02.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Refer the below link, you will get some ideas&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://scotch.io/tutorials/the-ultimate-guide-to-progressive-web-applications&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://scotch.io/tutorials/the-ultimate-guide-to-progressive-web-applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T12:21:02.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30518" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-11T12:27:22.010" Score="4" ViewCount="680" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some idea about defect leakage. Can anyone let me know what is the correct definition or term of the defect leakage formula?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T00:52:56.053" Title="Can anyone explain the defect leakage and formula?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30519" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-11T12:35:56.073" Score="1" ViewCount="2882" Body="&lt;p&gt;I created Test plan in JMeter with 2 Thread group. one Thread group consisting of 100(user) Number of thread and other consisting of 10(user) Number of thread.&#xA;So i want run this entire Test plan continuously multiple times. means i want to automate the entire test plan and  run 10,20,30.......n times like this is there any way to achieve this stuff please tell me  with simple demo.Means i don't want run thread group in loop(i know how to do that)  i want Entire .JMX(TESTPLAN) file run 10,20,.....n (for example i set some how test.jmx file =10 it should run 10 time with any manual operation ) is this possible ....? please tell me &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="28393" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T04:25:43.270" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T05:54:15.303" Title="How to Run Entire Test Plan continuously for multiple Times in JMeter(Not thread group )" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-11-20T15:16:44.980" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30386" CreationDate="2017-11-11T12:51:27.760" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Selenium itself is &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; a driver for a web browser.&#xA;As it's written on a homepage:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Selenium is a suite of tools to automate web browsers across many platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you already have an automation testing framework built around Selenium, consider creating a separate project within your framework related to API testing.&#xA;For a toolset, I would recommend &lt;a href=&quot;http://rest-assured.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RestAssured&lt;/a&gt; for Java or it's .NET port - &lt;a href=&quot;http://restsharp.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RestSharp&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're interested in building a long-term API automation, I would not recommend to build it around some tool, since it will increase maintenance overhead and limit you in actions, at some point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29034" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T12:51:27.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27895" CreationDate="2017-11-11T13:30:13.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go another way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set test categories for the given tests (e.g. &quot;QA&quot;, &quot;DEV&quot;, &quot;PROD&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a CI job for NUnit test execution for given category on a specific environment. 1 category - 1 job.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If needed - create a master job which will trigger the child (environment-specific jobs) and this will allow you execute the tests against your environments at once.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the code itself should be environment agnostic and condition logic depending on environment variables will reduce the readability and increase maintenance effort.&#xA;Creating the jobs on the CI is not a silver bullet as well, but there is always a some point of a trade-off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29034" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T13:30:13.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30522" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30386" CreationDate="2017-11-11T14:55:02.160" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Postman as an automation tool using Postman BDD library and automate the API Testing and can even integrate it with Jenkins to have the whole process in a CI-environment. We run approx thousand test cases for our api's using that and it works out pretty well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T14:55:02.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30518" CreationDate="2017-11-11T15:02:56.020" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Defect leakage formula is defined as -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Number of Defects slipped / (Number of Defects raised - Number of&#xA;  Defects withdrawn)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: In production the customer raises 21 issues, during your tests 267 Issues were reported but there were 17 invalid defects (e.g. because of wrong tests, mistake by tester, error in test environment...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then your Defect Leakage Ratio would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[21/(267-17)] x 100 = 8.4%&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-11-12T21:51:34.457" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T21:51:34.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30487" CreationDate="2017-11-11T16:48:53.900" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't get why you need throw away email addresses. Can't you just remove the account and re-use the same email address again in your tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://mailtrap.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mailtrap&lt;/a&gt;, they have a service with which you can catch mails send from your servers without sending them to a real inbox somewhere. Also I think you can create mailboxes, receive and check email content and such with their API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T16:48:53.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30462" CreationDate="2017-11-11T17:03:34.627" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In his book &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0137081073&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Clean Coder&lt;/a&gt;&quot; Robert C. Martin writes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;QA should find nothing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Therefore, when you release your software you should expect QA to find no problems. It is unprofessional in the extreme to purposely send code that you know to be faulty to QA. And what code do you know to be faulty? Any code you aren't certain about!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;He goes on to explain how you can do this. It includes things as TDD, testing your own code and more. Personally I think all programmers should read Robert C. Martins books (Clean Code, the Clean Coder, Agile Principles, Patterns, &amp;amp; Practices and Clean Architecture.) Let your company buy the books and place them near the developer. They do not have to agree with all his ideas, but becoming a professional programmer includes being a good tester in my book.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like his ideas about double booking keeping with automated tests, where he compares it with accounting, but also like how law defines rules doctors. Programmers also needs a law he thinks. Resulting in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.cleancoder.com/uncle-bob/2015/11/18/TheProgrammersOath.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;programmers oath&lt;/a&gt;. One of the nine items says:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will produce, with each release, a quick, sure, and &lt;strong&gt;repeatable proof&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  that every element of the code works as it should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess repeatable proof is a form of testing either scripts or automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your developers do not like to read, cant blame them they already read code all day. Then watching the &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/videos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Clean Code video series&lt;/a&gt; is really nice, most developers tend to love it. The &lt;a href=&quot;https://cleancoders.com/episode/clean-code-episode-1/show&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;first free episode&lt;/a&gt; explains how messy un-tested code can ruin companies, explaining quality concepts for developers, managers and any one working on software. Watch it it is worth your time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-11-11T17:13:59.563" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T17:13:59.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3238" CreationDate="2017-11-11T19:06:28.123" Score="-2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Coming from 10 years of experience in the QA industry, my advice to you is to understand that to be a good and even great Quality Assurance analyst you do not need to have a college or even high school degree. With that in mind what every training you are getting in college only and i repeat ONLY will help you find a job in QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The number 1 thing that interviewers look for is willingness to learn new things and to have genuine passion about finding, documenting, and fixing bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you realize that QA is truly something you want to do, keep in mind developers on average make more money than QA analysts at least in the beginning then i suggest to you to find a good QA school that is practical and hands on and to go for your dreams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29026" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-11-11T19:38:25.640" LastActivityDate="2017-11-11T19:38:25.640" CommentCount="0" CommunityOwnedDate="2017-11-11T19:06:28.123" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30528" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30513" CreationDate="2017-11-12T11:17:52.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;No you don't. Cucumber is a BDD framework. Which means the feature files  specify your scenarios. What you're asking for is reading the scenarios (or part of it) from an excel file, which effectively hides it from cucumber and doesn't fit the purpose. From this point you have two options: &#xA;1.  Get rid of the excel by converting it into  cucumber table(s) with scenario outline, as @Marit suggests. &#xA;2. Keep the excel file, but use a different way to execute your test. For example, JUnit. You can still reuse the glue for the cucumber steps if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18297" LastActivityDate="2017-11-12T11:17:52.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30506" CreationDate="2017-11-13T05:53:05.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several ways you can kick off and terminate an AWS instance, to wit:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/opsworks/latest/APIReference/API_CreateInstance.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CreateInstance&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_TerminateInstances.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TerminateInstances&lt;/a&gt; methods of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/Welcome.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Amazon EC2 REST API&lt;/a&gt;, you can use &quot;normal&quot; JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler to perform these pre-requisite steps&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/cli/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;amazon-cli&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; utility which you can use directly from the JMeter's script via i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-run-external-commands-and-programs-locally-and-remotely-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OS Process Sampler&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AWS SDK for Java&lt;/a&gt;, given you have the relevant libraries in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#classpath&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Classpath&lt;/a&gt; you should be able to write Groovy (or Java) code in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 Sampler&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're looking for a code-based load testing tool you can also check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://gatling.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gatling&lt;/a&gt; which provides &lt;a href=&quot;https://gatling.io/docs/current/cheat-sheet/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scala-based DSL&lt;/a&gt; for creating the load. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T05:53:05.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30519" CreationDate="2017-11-13T05:54:15.303" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Fragment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Fragments&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Module_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Module Controller&lt;/a&gt; test elements. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can define your so called &quot;Thread Groups&quot; as Test Fragments and refer them via Module Controllers orchestrating the test flow and workload as per your requirements by using either iterations on &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; level or coming from &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Loop_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Loop Controller&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-using-module-controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter: Using the Module Controller&lt;/a&gt; for example use case implementation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T05:54:15.303" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30533" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30201" CreationDate="2017-11-13T11:13:43.893" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I quite agree with Kevin, freezing your web application till the tester finishes the testing process, you'll slide into waterfall development, which is acceptable in big industry projects ( for aerospace industry, manufacture, etc.) I guess your web application is not for these purposes. Therefore, you should better consider some common practices for testing in Agile projects.&#xA;As for your question, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I'm wondering if she should test only the areas of the system where new features/bug fixes where applied or should she test all of the system all over again?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are absolutely right stating that new features may break the existing ones, which brings us to regression testing. Both developers and test engineers dislike this type of testing, as it is time-consuming and tedious. However, in Agile project &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scnsoft.com/blog/regression-testing-in-agile-development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;regression testing can be optimized&lt;/a&gt;, which reduces testing time, efforts and cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28027" LastEditorUserId="28027" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T12:24:14.777" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T12:24:14.777" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28926" CreationDate="2017-11-13T13:35:34.843" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few years ago I've done a quite extensive literature study into testing, especially regarding benefits of testing. I have not encountered a scientific study in precisely what you are asking (developer versus tester), but I did encounter a quite interesting scientific study: Mäntylä, M. V. &amp;amp; Itkonen, J., ”More testers - The effect of crowd size and time restriction in software testing” (2013), Information and Software Technology 55, pp. 986- 1003, 2013.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this study, they found that &quot;[..] a crowd of five time-restricted testers using 10h in total detected 71% more defects than a single non-time-restricted tester using 9.9h&quot;. The testers are students and they perform manual testing. Although there are some limitations which could vary to a real test process (to name a few: students, no automation, time-restricted, probably less background information, not end-to-end testing per se), it still shows that more than one person is very helpful in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To summarise: only a developer will (most likely) spot less defects compared to a developer and a tester, even if the total test time is equal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22660" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T13:35:34.843" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30535" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30536" CreationDate="2017-11-13T14:22:02.733" Score="1" ViewCount="5186" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to switch to a popup on bootstrap modal webpage and it doesn't allow the click on a radio button. The page has only 1 frame therefore I cannot switch to another frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My element is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;input class type=&quot;radio&quot;&#xA;&quot;Create the account myself&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using XPath: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//input[@class type = 'radio' and contains(text(), 'Create the account myself')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please assist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25633" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T14:57:13.680" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T17:38:42.417" Title="How to switch to bootstrap popups" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-20T15:17:38.727" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30535" CreationDate="2017-11-13T16:25:17.480" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modal Switching&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bootstrap modals are not iFrames, and as such, there is no need to &quot;switch&quot; the driver context to them. You should have no problem locating modal elements as you would any other element in the DOM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to locate elements within the modal, I have found the following approach to be useful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement modal = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;&amp;lt;xpath to modal container here&amp;gt;&quot;));&#xA;WebElement child = modal.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;&amp;lt;relative xpath to child element here&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where the child xpath begins with &lt;code&gt;.//&lt;/code&gt;. The leading dot indicates to &quot;search from the current node&quot;. Since we are calling &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; from the context of the modal container, the search will only return matches that are children of the modal. &lt;code&gt;By.id&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;By.className&lt;/code&gt;, etc. will do the same when called from the context of an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;XPath Issue&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The portion of your XPath &lt;code&gt;@class type = 'radio'&lt;/code&gt; isn't quite right. &lt;code&gt;@type&lt;/code&gt; is the attribute you should be trying to match on. &lt;code&gt;@class&lt;/code&gt; appears to be empty (I would have to see the actual HTML to be sure).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try the following&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The final issue is that the text you are searching for actually belongs to the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;label&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element that is the direct parent of the radio button, so we first must locate the label based on the specified text, and then get the child radio element. The code below should do what you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement modal = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[contains(@class,'modal-body')]&quot;));&#xA;WebElement radio = modal.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;.//label[@class='radiogroup-element' and contains(@style,'block') and text()='Create the account myself']/input[@type='radio']&quot;));&#xA;radio.click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As in the generic example above, it will first locate the modal. Then it will find the intended radio button from the context of the modal and click it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastEditorUserId="23440" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T17:38:42.417" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T17:38:42.417" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30537" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-13T16:47:13.743" Score="6" ViewCount="898" Body="&lt;p&gt;I initially wrote a few selenium scripts to test my web application. The scripts use &lt;strong&gt;RemoteWebDriver&lt;/strong&gt; call for initialising web driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I now wanted to run the same scripts to test the web application on iOS and Android devices. I had to replace the &lt;strong&gt;RemoteWebDriver&lt;/strong&gt; call with &lt;strong&gt;iOSDriver&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;AndroidDriver&lt;/strong&gt; call with the grid URL since the device I am using is remotely hosted and the web page under test use native elements(eg: spinner for dropdowns or date selector on iOS)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I noticed that this introduces a huge performance lag.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From what I read online, I found that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When finding elements on an iOS app, use findElementByIosUIAutomation or findElementByAccessibilityId rather than using XPath because using IosUIAutomation natively interacts with its UIAutomation framework, giving better performance. &lt;em&gt;Does this mean using native selectors like xpath, ID, css will cause performance issues??&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Running appium test has a built-in delay of 1 second between every request&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Should there actually be a performance hit when using iOSDriver and AndroidDriver(5 times the time taken by RemoteWebDriver) or am I doing something wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21476" LastActivityDate="2019-12-19T14:03:10.460" Title="Performance for WebDriver vs AndroidDriver vs iOSDriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-13T17:00:01.877" Score="5" ViewCount="52" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a &lt;em&gt;logging protocol&lt;/em&gt; that defines how output of &lt;em&gt;logging libraries&lt;/em&gt; should look like, e.g.:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;each line should be a JSON &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;each line should not exceed 1MB &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are multiple implementation of this logging protocol, i.e, logging libraries written in different languages (Java, Python, etc.). I would like to create one set of tests that I can run against any logging library to verify it complies to the logging protocol. I don't want authors of a new library to port existing test. Instead, I want them to reuse existing tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The are already known solutions to that like &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/reactive-streams/reactive-streams-jvm/tree/master/tck&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Reactive Streams Test Compatibility Kit&lt;/a&gt;, but they work for implementations in the same language (or at least for JVM-languages). In my case implementations can be of different languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can I make tests language independent?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Initial idea&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;My first idea is based on assumption that logging libraries always take one or two arguments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;logging.error(&quot;Serious problem occurred&quot;, exception)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and log output to a log file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{ level: &quot;error&quot;, message: &quot;Serious problem occurred&quot;, stacktrace: &quot;.....&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The test harness would pass some string to the testing library and verify the output.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The test harness would communicate with a logging library through a pipeline, so the only thing that the creator of the library need to provide is a wrapper for handling communication with a test harness (through pipeline). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a better approach?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-11-13T20:21:35.343" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T21:00:21.703" Title="One suite of tests for different implentations of a protocol" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30513" CreationDate="2017-11-13T19:02:34.247" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can write a tool to read the excel file and inject into the .feature files as Scenario Outline, running it before your tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It could read a tag which indicates a excel file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Input:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: bla bla bla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;{{!file.xls!}}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Output:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: bla bla bla&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;| col1 | col2 |&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;| val11 | val12|&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;| val21 | val22|&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://poi.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache has a library in Java&lt;/a&gt; for manipulating Excel files and to replace the tag, you can use the regex library of your favorite language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T19:02:34.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30538" CreationDate="2017-11-13T21:00:21.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that's the right approach.  The bulk of the test will be written exactly once, and then a piece of the test will be implemented for each implementation of the library.  And then the test will talk to the language-specific piece via some communication mechanism, e.g. a socket or a file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-11-13T21:00:21.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2277" CreationDate="2017-11-14T06:23:07.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Based on Marc Lopez and Rohit's answer. I got my code worked.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from splinter import Browser&#xA;&#xA;profile = {'network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris': &quot;.companyname.com&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;with Browser('firefox', profile_preferences=profile) as browser:&#xA;browser.visit(url)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29059" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T06:23:07.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12094" CreationDate="2017-11-14T07:51:47.123" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To switch to the second window....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;int count =0;&#xA;&#xA;String win = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;&#xA;set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; allwindows = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;&#xA;for(String eachwindow : allwindows)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;driver.switchTo().windoe(eachwindow);&#xA;&#xA;count++;&#xA;&#xA;if(count==2)&#xA;{&#xA;&#xA;break;//control will be switched to second window&#xA;&#xA;System.Out.Println(eachwindow);//will return the reference of second window&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above code switches to the second window when the count value is reached to 2 and returns the reference of second window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27479" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T08:54:38.740" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T08:54:38.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30543" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26765" CreationDate="2017-11-14T08:07:04.770" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Download latest Firefox or gecko driver from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;,&quot;C:\\Seleniumgecko\\geckodriver.exe);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29061" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T12:27:17.107" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T12:27:17.107" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30546" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-14T12:12:15.763" Score="3" ViewCount="1526" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please help me to get the Error message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;divDraftErrorMessages&quot; data-ng-show=&quot;showDraftErrorMessage()&quot; class=&quot;alert alert-danger&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;div data-ng-repeat=&quot;message in draftErrorMessages&quot; class=&quot;ng-binding ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;img src=&quot;../../Images/alert.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Error Message&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA; Invalid Keyword&#xA;   &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with below code but message is printed. Observed failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String message = driver.findElement(By.className(&quot;ng-binding ng-scope&quot;)).getText();&#xA;System.out.println(message);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am struggling as error message is preceded with image. Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error I get is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;org.openqa.selenium.InvalidSelectorException: invalid selector: Compound class names not permitted&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29069" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T12:32:00.747" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T16:56:41.203" Title="Validation of Error message preceded with image using Selenium Webdriver Java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30547" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-14T12:17:02.203" Score="1" ViewCount="198" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are there any tools that we can use to automate testing for a desktop application that runs in the cloud?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically the application is running in the cloud, and we can initiate that application (server-side application) by accessing the cloud through web-browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29068" LastEditorUserId="29068" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T13:45:02.767" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T13:45:02.767" Title="Automation Tools for Desktop Application that runs in the Cloud" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;desktop-application&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-15T07:24:55.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30548" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30546" CreationDate="2017-11-14T12:52:22.487" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that Selenium only allows a single class name, so you can't use &lt;code&gt;&quot;ng-binding ng-scope&quot;&lt;/code&gt; as your class selector. You can only use one of the two classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest starting by getting the outer div by ID since you have an ID to work with. If the inner div is the only div that will display, you can then use &lt;code&gt;findElement(By.tagName(&quot;div&quot;)).getText();&lt;/code&gt; to retrieve the text. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If that gives you the image HTML as well as the text (it shouldn't), you can use a simple substring function to keep only the text after the &lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your code should do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;outerdiv = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;divDraftErrorMessages&quot;));&#xA;message = outerdiv.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;div&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T12:52:22.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30549" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-14T13:01:44.757" Score="1" ViewCount="255" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently we want to conduct a performance test for more than 100k users. I am comparing some tools like Jmeter/Gatling/Tsung/nGrinder, which one will be suitable for us?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29070" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T09:39:54.990" Title="How to Conduct a performance test for more than 100K users" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;gatling&gt;&lt;performance-testing&gt;&lt;tsung&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-14T20:07:00.137" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30550" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30546" CreationDate="2017-11-14T13:06:26.123" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ng-binding&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ng-scope&lt;/code&gt; are 2 different classes. Compound classes are not supported by class selector in selenium. You can use the xpath if want to access the element based on more then one class like below :-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String message = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@class='ng-binding ng-scope']&quot;)).getText();&#xA;System.out.println(message);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or can be CSS Selector as :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String message = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;div.ng-binding.ng-scope&quot;)).getText();&#xA;System.out.println(message);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T16:56:41.203" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T16:56:41.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30552" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30549" CreationDate="2017-11-14T14:36:03.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This kind of test is impossible to do locally or using only one machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use JMeter Distributed features to achieve this scale.&#xA;It is not an easy task, but it is doable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An introduction to this feature can be found here:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T09:39:54.990" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T09:39:54.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30553" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30549" CreationDate="2017-11-14T15:02:55.250" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;All of them can be run in clustered mode so theoretically any will fit. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking into &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/open-source-load-testing-tools-which-one-should-you-use&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Source Load Testing Tools: Which One Should You Use?&lt;/a&gt; article:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Zx2T.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9Zx2T.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Tsung Performance Comparison&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Tsung&lt;/a&gt; seem to perform better given the same hardware so you can stick to one of them. Be aware that Tsung can be installed on limited number of operating systems, as per &lt;a href=&quot;http://tsung.erlang-projects.org/user_manual/installation.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/a&gt; theoretically you can run Tsung on Windows&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This package has been tested on Linux, FreeBSD and Solaris. A port is available on Mac OS X. It should work on Erlang supported platforms (Linux, Solaris, *BSD, Win32 and Mac OS X).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;On Mac OS X you can install Tsung via Homebrew (&lt;a href=&quot;http://brew.sh/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://brew.sh/&lt;/a&gt;): brew install tsung.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However as per &lt;a href=&quot;http://lists.process-one.net/pipermail/tsung-users/2009-April/001247.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Installing TSUNG on Windows&lt;/a&gt; message&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Tsung has to my knowledge never been run on Windows.&#xA;  You have to deploy an SSH server so that Tsung can launch other nodes&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  if you want to run it in cluster. You have to rewrite the various&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  scripts (they might run under cygwin) and possibly change a few things&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  in the code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note also that platform is also less scalable (Erlang does not support&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  kernel polling on windows) that's probably the reason why no one&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  really cared running it on MS system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So most probably you should stick to Apache JMeter, check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Remote Testing&lt;/a&gt; user manual chapter and &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/jmeter_distributed_testing_step_by_step.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Distributed Testing Step-by-step&lt;/a&gt; guide for more information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T15:02:55.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30555" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-14T16:29:37.397" Score="1" ViewCount="1823" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am looking to find out how to get the value for a dropdown from an angularjs dropdown (for country).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found the special handling needed for basic text fields:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Driver.Instance.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//input[@name='firstName']&quot;)).GetAttribute(&quot;value&quot;);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But cannot find the value for the dropdown or any examples of how to do this. Am I missing something simple? I would assume a solution for this would be out there, especially with finding examples with an input field.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the html as asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;true&quot; aria-label=&quot;Select box&quot; aria-owns=&quot;ui-select-choices-3&quot; aria-activedescendant=&quot;ui-select-choices-row-3-263&quot; class=&quot;form-control ui-select-search ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched&quot; placeholder=&quot;Choose Country&quot; ng-model=&quot;$select.search&quot; ng-show=&quot;$select.searchEnabled &amp;amp;amp;&amp;amp;amp; $select.open&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25587" LastEditorUserId="25587" LastEditDate="2017-11-14T18:55:59.363" LastActivityDate="2017-11-14T18:55:59.363" Title="Selenium and AngularJS 2 select (dropdown), Cannot get selected value in c#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-11-14T17:32:20.543" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30556" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-14T17:19:51.717" Score="2" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a project with more than 3500 test cases and I want to create a few executions with a test assignment for testers. Unfortunately, if I try to operate with more than 300 test cases at once, I encounter problems:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I try to add ~900 test cases in execution then I see &quot;DB access error&quot;;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I try to add ~300 test cases to execution, then there is no error message, but only ~80% of highlighted test cases are really added to the execution;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If I try to assign &gt;300 tests for testers then, like in the previous case, only ~80% of highlighted tests are really assigned to testers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a workaround for these problems or I can't use TestLink and I need to migrate to a non-free product?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29073" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:44:28.567" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:44:28.567" Title="Work with more than 300 test cases at once in TestLink" Tags="&lt;testlink&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30518" CreationDate="2017-11-15T00:52:56.053" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Defect leakage is the metric that use to identify the efficiency of QA. As mentioned by demouser123, it's calculated against the number of slipped issue - the number of issue that found by customer by using delivered/released application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29068" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T00:52:56.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30558" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-15T03:54:16.037" Score="2" ViewCount="343" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our team is building an AWS product which uses several sets of tools like Lambda, SNS topics, EC2, data pipelines etc. I would like to know what type of testing tools/strategies that can be used to perform integration testing on these services. For an example integration of two lambdas and how they perform when they are integrated. I did an R&amp;amp;D and found out that for unit testing we can use AWS toolkit plugin in Eclipse but that covers only the unit testing. I want to perform an integration testing on this. Your answers are highly appreciated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29078" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:44:15.573" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:44:15.573" Title="aws data pipeline testing tools" Tags="&lt;tools&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;aws&gt;&lt;data-warehouse-testing&gt;&lt;etl&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11969" CreationDate="2017-11-15T06:31:41.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've used this online tool for socket testing earlier. Can you have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://demos.kaazing.com/echo/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://demos.kaazing.com/echo/&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T06:31:41.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30560" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30571" CreationDate="2017-11-15T07:49:52.423" Score="4" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems highly impractical to have a test case/ticket for every unit test; however, the only experiences I have to draw from are from college, and an internship -both of which stressed having each unit test associated with a ticket.  This seems especially time consuming when it comes to combination testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is this an industry standard or expectation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29084" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T08:27:49.993" Title="Test Case for Each Unit Test?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30562" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-15T11:10:32.927" Score="1" ViewCount="19" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to know what are the important features we have to consider to choose automation testing tool and what is the best open source online tool &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29014" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T11:16:43.830" Title="what are important features we consider to choose best online testing tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-11-15T14:23:31.633" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30565" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-15T11:48:05.897" Score="2" ViewCount="362" Body="&lt;p&gt;We use &lt;code&gt;spyOn(this,&quot;_new&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; to track a function call in jasmine. I need to check the children method call in jasmine. My code sample is given below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sample code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;function perform(option) {&#xA;   this.answer=this.perform._sum(option.a+option.b);&#xA;   console.log(this.answer);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My question is how to check the &lt;code&gt;this.perform.sum(option.a+option.b)&lt;/code&gt; has been called with &lt;code&gt;spyOn()&lt;/code&gt; in jasmine JavaScript?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried the below way, but it was not worked as much I expected?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it(&quot;If we pass  arguments to the perform method, ensuring that the sum method has been called or not&quot;, function(done) {&#xA;    spyOn(this,&quot;perform._sum&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;    var option={a:10,b:6};&#xA;&#xA;    this.perform(option);&#xA;    expect(this.perform._sum).toHaveBeenCalledWith(option.a,option.b);&#xA;&#xA;    done();&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But above code has not worked. And also, I had posted an issue regarding this &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jasmine/jasmine-npm/issues&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;npm-jasmine:Issues&lt;/a&gt;. The Question details are given below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jasmine/jasmine-npm/issues/126&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;how to check children method has been  called in jasmine test cases&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anybody tell me, how to check the children method call in jasmine using &lt;code&gt;spyOn()&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27557" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:43:46.983" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:43:46.983" Title="How to check children method has been called in jasmine test cases?" Tags="&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30566" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-15T14:55:52.783" Score="1" ViewCount="5931" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wrote a for loop code that can access a dropdown list. I'm able to print the list but the code is unable to click on the specified option&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void userCapturesAccountDetails()  &#xA;{&#xA;    WebDriver driver = contextSteps.getDriver();&#xA;    driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[@data-id='idSbxPractice']&quot;)).click();&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; dropdown = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//ul[@class='dropdown-menu inner selectpicker']/li/a/span&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;    for(int i = 0; i &amp;lt; dropdown.size(); i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        WebElement element = dropdown.get(i);&#xA;        String innerhtml = element.getAttribute(&quot;innerHTML&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        if(innerhtml.contentEquals(&quot;OptionSelect&quot;))&#xA;        {&#xA;            element.click();&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;values from dropdown is ======= &quot;+innerhtml);&#xA;    }&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;HTML :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;modal-dialog modal-lg&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 130.5px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;modal-content&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;modal-header&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;button type=&quot;button&quot; class=&quot;close&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;h4 class=&quot;modal-title&quot;&amp;gt;Add New Account&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;modal-body&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;row&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-8&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-16 has-success&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;select class=&quot;bootstrap-select data-size=&quot;10&quot; id=&quot;idSbxPractice&quot; data-live-search=&quot;true&quot; tabindex=&quot;1&quot; Style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&#xA;&amp;lt;option&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt; class=&quot;text&quot; title=&quot;SelectOption&quot;&amp;gt;SelectOption&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/option&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25633" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T12:40:53.097" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T17:11:44.073" Title="Unable to click on dropdown element using for loop" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-11-20T15:17:32.257" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30566" CreationDate="2017-11-15T15:32:36.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on the WebDriver (Chrome vs Firefox, etc), you may find that you have to click the anchor rather than the span. Try adjusting your XPath to the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//ul[@class='dropdown-menu inner selectpicker']/li/a&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this means you may also have to adjust your option string matching logic. Rather than using &lt;code&gt;innerHtml&lt;/code&gt;, you may have to access the element text, or find some other attribute that allows you to uniquely identify the desired element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML you added to the question does not seem to match the code you wrote at all. For example, you are trying to locate an element of type &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, and there are no buttons in the HTML. The case is similar for the list elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastEditorUserId="23440" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T17:11:44.073" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T17:11:44.073" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30569" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-15T21:29:11.117" Score="2" ViewCount="114" Body="&lt;p&gt;This question is to get a recommendation from the community, what framework/library they mostly use for testing their APIs (REST) in JavaScript.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I stumbled upon &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/avajs/ava&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/avajs/ava&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;would like to hear from experts&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the first look, it seems to be good for Unit testing. But I'm planning to use it for API testing, it can be used to do API testing as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also looked at RestAssured and Frisby. Haven't settled on anything yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The ideal framework should be able to run the API tests in a distributed fashion ( I love with Selenium and Grid)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this question belongs here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29024" LastActivityDate="2017-11-15T21:29:11.117" Title="Using `ava` test runner for functional testing" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30570" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30560" CreationDate="2017-11-16T00:01:23.477" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;well, this question is very wide. I can tell you that I've seen two approaches:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; developers should do the unit tests in the same ticket of the feature that they are developing - and the unit test goes in the same commit of the features. (I've to say that this approach is the usual that I know and also I think it's more efficient).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; the second is divide the tickets into classes or modules of the system. I've seen this approach in huge systems that the unit testing wasn't a practice at the initial phase of the product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, I think the first scenario is the one I like more and I have seen more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17368" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T00:01:23.477" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30560" CreationDate="2017-11-16T00:49:44.717" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the comments, you mention that you were doing an inventory of missing tests, and that they wanted tickets for tests you were adding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds pretty reasonable, as long as they're not expecting a ticket for each and every test.  Using a four-function calculator as an example, I could definitely see tickets of the form &quot;Add unit test coverage for multiplying negatives and positive values&quot; that might encompass several unit tests (or the combination testing you mention).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they're expecting tickets like &quot;Add unit test coverage for a negative times a positive&quot; and &quot;Add unit test cover for a negative times a negation&quot;, etc, then that's crazy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, I can see value in tracking the work being done (or what unit tests still need writing), but not in spelling out each and every test case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T00:49:44.717" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30573" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-16T04:09:10.513" Score="3" ViewCount="328" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my django application, i haven't use model for database. I have traditional way of doing it, that is by mysql server and client. I have used MySQLdb for database access. &#xA;Also in my django views, almost all code are written in normal python code, that is i have not used the advantage of django built in view classes and functions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def showhome(request):&#xA;&#xA;  if request.user.is_anonymous():       &#xA;      return HttpResponseRedirect(&quot;/&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;  db = MySQLdb.connect(host=dbHost,port=dbPort,user=dbUser,passwd=dbPasswd,db=dbName)&#xA;&#xA;  c = db.cursor()                                                                       &#xA;  username=request.user                                                                       &#xA;  c.execute(&quot;Select firstname from USER where USERNAME=%s,(username,))                     &#xA;  name=c.fetchone()&#xA;  c.close()&#xA;&#xA;  firstname=name[0]                                                                         &#xA;  c=db.cursor()&#xA;  c.execute(&quot;Select vehicle,status from PROPERTY where firstname=%s,(firstname,))&#xA;  deviceDetails=c.fetchall()&#xA;  c.close()&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  paginator = Paginator(deviceDetails, 10)                                                &#xA;&#xA;  page = request.GET.get('page')&#xA;  try:&#xA;      List = paginator.page(page)   &#xA;  except PageNotAnInteger:&#xA;      List = paginator.page(1)      &#xA;  except EmptyPage:&#xA;      List = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)       &#xA;&#xA;  current=List.number              &#xA;  last_page=paginator.num_pages&#xA;  page_limit=10          &#xA;  n=current%page_limit&#xA;&#xA;  if n==1:                                                                                        &#xA;      start=current                                                                       &#xA;  else:&#xA;      start=(current-n+1) if n!=0 else current-page_limit+1                               &#xA;  end=start+page_limit                                                                    &#xA;  if end&amp;gt;last_page:                                                                       &#xA;      end=last_page+1&#xA;  page_range=range(start,end)                                                             &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;  context={}&#xA;  context['Data']=List&#xA;  context['page_range']=page_range&#xA;  db.close()&#xA;  return render(request,&quot;home/show.html&quot;,context)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What type of testing i have to do in tests.py file blackbox or whitebox?&#xA;If it is whitebox which type i have to follow for testing the above function unittest or integration test?&#xA;I think unittest is enough for the above function, isn't it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28608" LastActivityDate="2018-10-12T14:00:32.250" Title="What kind of Software testing(Black-box or White-box) is done by django testcase classes?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;whitebox-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30574" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-16T05:42:02.193" Score="1" ViewCount="228" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on Remote API testing. Now we decided to pass every request through proxy server to fetch the endpoints. I just wanted to know is their any special scenario that I need to focus.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25125" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T05:42:02.193" Title="Testing scenario to test remote API through Proxy server" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;&lt;proxy&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-20T15:17:22.547" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30575" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30573" CreationDate="2017-11-16T07:41:53.483" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Terminology may be not that transparent and some might say that the database - is a dependency, authentication backend - is a dependency (hence, no testing in isolation that is in the &quot;unit test&quot; definition) and think of this kind of tests as &quot;integration&quot;/&quot;functional&quot;/&quot;system&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, Django and tools around it provide ways for you to use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/testing/overview/#the-test-database&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;special test database&lt;/a&gt; which you can load with fixtures or generate the data for your models using factories (like &lt;a href=&quot;http://factoryboy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;factory-boy&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;).  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, you can also do both the black box (API testing - by triggering the url route configured for your view and analyzing the response) and the white box testing (which in this case would be your Django view tests).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T07:48:16.387" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T07:48:16.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30577" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-16T08:12:17.530" Score="-1" ViewCount="2888" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm unable to write xpath for button new booking for below HTML :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;mcf-button-extend -action-wrapper mcf-userfunctions&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;a class=&quot;mcf-t1 mcf-button mcf-button-action&quot; &amp;gt; new booking &amp;lt;/a &amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.webelement(&quot;div [@class='mcf-button-extend -action-wrapper mcf-userfunctions&quot;] /a [contains@class='mcf-t1']&quot;).Click().&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29108" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T12:40:59.390" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T12:40:59.390" Title="Unable to locate element through xpath" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-11-17T23:20:20.813" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30579" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30577" CreationDate="2017-11-16T11:20:46.203" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should go through some basics tutorials to create an xpath. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your element try below simple xpath :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[@class='mcf-t1 mcf-button mcf-button-action']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And if you want to find this based on some text in your xpath then&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //a[text()='new booking']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; //a[contains(text(),'new booking')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And  Its a link in your case then simply try using&lt;code&gt;linktext&lt;/code&gt; selector&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T11:20:46.203" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30582" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-16T11:54:07.157" Score="1" ViewCount="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am starting the development of a web platform that provides automated tasks to users, and I have been redirected to this forum after asking the same question in stackoverflow and not being accepted as it is opion based, which is exactly what I am looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have no technology requirements, and I am tackling as to what should be the best choice regarding the technology and platform I will be implementing this in, as ultimately I am concern about the integration of the web application itself with the features or applications that allow me to do tasks on specific sites on behalf of users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can do this with PHP + Laravel and use some external package such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/dweidner/laravel-goutte&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Goutte&lt;/a&gt; for handling the scraping and interaction, I can rely on Selenium and interact with it through php or by calling selenium directly as long as I have the ability to execute applications using &lt;code&gt;exec()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;system()&lt;/code&gt; or something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can also go with Python + Django and use &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/zniper/django-scraper&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; as the scraper, or once again rely on some external application installed in the system such as Selenium, or go with something else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My main concern is limitation due to the chosen technology, as I will have to process output of the pages, and I don't really like &lt;code&gt;system&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;exec&lt;/code&gt; in php and then trying to parse their output, and I would appreciate it if someone with prior experience would shed some light into caveats of any of these, or alternative suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I understand that this might be a personal perspective, but I welcome those, as it would mean people have bumped into issues, or tried different things. If this is not the correct stackexchange forum for this, please let me know so I can ask this somewhere more appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29118" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T11:54:07.157" Title="Technology limitations for web application that scrapes web pages" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;php&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-11-17T23:20:03.133" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-16T12:31:38.237" Score="1" ViewCount="9171" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background :&lt;/strong&gt; Web page get blank (So script fails as there is no element to locate, only blank page) during selenium script execution in random place only on staging server while same working on production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way in selenium to get the page size ? I want to get the page size and check whether it is blank (means no content rendered ) if so then hit the URL again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking to manage this code in tear down method which logs the test failure :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterMethod&#xA;public void tearDown(ITestResult result)&#xA;{&#xA;    if(ITestResult.FAILURE==result.getStatus())&#xA;    {&#xA;        try &#xA;        {&#xA;            TakeScreenshot.failedScreenShot(result.getMethod().getMethodName());&#xA;&#xA;            LogWriter.logger.info(result.getThrowable().toString());&#xA;        } &#xA;        catch (Exception e)&#xA;        {&#xA;            LogWriter.logger.info(&quot;Exception while taking screenshot &quot;+e.getMessage());&#xA;        } &#xA;    }&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please suggest me if it is possible or is there any alternative that i can implement the same for my deed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2019-06-20T06:54:21.420" Title="How to get the page size (content rendered) in selenium webdriver?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30584" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30566" CreationDate="2017-11-16T13:46:51.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the tag name is select, try using the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Select _select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;#idSbxPractice&quot;)));&#xA;try {&#xA;    _select.selectByVisibleText(&quot;OptionSelect&quot;);&#xA;} catch (Exception e) {&#xA;    // in case &quot;OptionSelect&quot; is not present in the dropdown list.&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;values from dropdown is ======= &quot;+innerhtml);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will remove the need for a ''for'' loop.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T13:46:51.030" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30583" CreationDate="2017-11-16T13:59:47.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use javascriptExecutor and use the window.innerWidth and window.innerHeight property.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;path to gecko driver&amp;gt;&quot;)&#xA;WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;driver.get(&quot;&amp;lt;someurl&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;int contentHeight = ((Number) js.executeScript(&quot;return window.innerHeight&quot;)).intValue();&#xA;int contentWidth = ((Number) js.executeScript(&quot;return window.innerWidth&quot;)).intValue();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference link - &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_win_innerheight.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_win_innerheight.asp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15269" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T13:59:47.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30590" CreationDate="2017-11-16T15:36:51.547" Score="5" ViewCount="726" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was recently tasked with integrating some automated testing into the development life cycle for one of my company's products. The product has been developed using AngularJS, and has gone through several releases already, although we are still working on it- adding features &amp;amp; improving functionality, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, I have a basic suite up and running- with tests for navigating to most of the pages, checking URL patterns for various pages, checking that various buttons &amp;amp; widgets are all working correctly, and that a number of 'auto-populated' fields are populated correctly. As it stands, these tests all pass as I am expecting, although I had to do some tweaking to get the timings working, with waiting for various elements to be displayed/ other tests to complete, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have now been given another, more urgent task to work on, and have been asked to pass the development of the test suite on to a colleague while I work on this other task, with the assumption that I will take it on again once my deadline has passed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I made sure that my &lt;code&gt;testing&lt;/code&gt; branch (the branch on which I had been developing the test suite) was in a fully functional state- commented the test that I was in the middle of working on, and left only the completed and working test scripts there- and then pushed the branch up to GitHub for my colleague to pull &amp;amp; start working on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, shortly after my colleague pulled my &lt;code&gt;testing&lt;/code&gt; branch from GitHub, he sent me a message saying that he was getting a number of failures when running the tests. The failure message he got was: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;1) App should navigate to the Config Devices page&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;    &#xA;    &lt;p&gt;Expected '&lt;a href=&quot;http://abc.def.w.xyz/#/config/datalog&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://abc.def.w.xyz/#/config/datalog&lt;/a&gt;' to be '&lt;a href=&quot;http://abc.def.w.xyz/#/config/device&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://abc.def.w.xyz/#/config/device&lt;/a&gt;'.&#xA;      Stack:&#xA;        Error: Failed expectation&#xA;            at C:\Users...\Desktop...-test...\apps...\frontend\testing\spec.js:424:36&#xA;            at ManagedPromise.invokeCallback_ &#xA;    (C:\Users...\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selen&#xA;    ium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:1376:14)&#xA;            at TaskQueue.execute_ (C:\Users...\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdrive&#xA;    r\lib\promise.js:3084:14)&#xA;            at TaskQueue.executeNext_ (C:\Users...\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webd&#xA;    river\lib\promise.js:3067:27)&#xA;            at asyncRun (C:\Users...\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\prom&#xA;    ise.js:2927:27)&#xA;            at C:\Users...\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\promise.js:668&#xA;    :7&#xA;            at &#xA;            at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:188:7)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suspect that the issues he's having may be due to timing problems (i.e. elements not loading before timeouts/ before they are referenced/ used in some other way), and tests getting out of sync with what's being run against what expectations, as it took me a little while to sort out timing issues while I was developing the scripts on my own computer. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Although we are both running the same version of &lt;code&gt;conf.js&lt;/code&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;code&gt;spec.js&lt;/code&gt; against the same address (i.e. the IP address that the tests are being run against is a third address- another piece of hardware that we have in the office, not either of our own computers), I suspect that because we are running the script from our own computers, and because they have slightly different specifications/ performance, this might well be causing the script to fail when run from his computer, even though it passes when run from mine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, my question is: is there any way that I can ensure that any test scripts I develop with Protractor will be 100% portable? i.e. I want to be able to push my test suite to GitHub, and then anyone from the company should be able to download it, and run it against either their own versions of the software, or against any other piece of hardware (any other internal IP address) that's running the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, how would people suggest I overcome this? Or is it just a case of designing the scripts to be able to accommodate having to wait for longer than usual at any point during the execution of the script (i.e. add &lt;code&gt;browser.wait()&lt;/code&gt; calls with much greater &lt;code&gt;timeouts&lt;/code&gt; in order to accommodate the varying performances of different computers?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T17:01:48.350" LastActivityDate="2018-08-10T16:24:30.240" Title="AngularJS testing with Protractor- How to make test scripts portable?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30589" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30583" CreationDate="2017-11-16T17:09:52.377" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The other answer from @Kenil Fadia details out how to get the screen dimensions, I don't think this will help. The browser viewport, whether it is rendering anything or not will always have a minimum value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, a normal webpage, a webpage with nothing in the body, and a completely blank file will all have the same dimensions. Extra long pages will have a larger value, but none of them with have 0 or any other good trigger.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will probably be better off recording the source code and go from there:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is no content, you know something is broken before the page is even rendered&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is source, see if it stops at some point (breaks part way through the render)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the source is complete, see if all the external links are correct (maybe the staging server is pointing to the production server and is being blocked)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24646" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T17:09:52.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30590" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30588" CreationDate="2017-11-16T18:15:32.867" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;is there any way that I can ensure that any test scripts I develop with Protractor will be 100% portable?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In an ideal world, yes. In reality, no.&lt;/em&gt; There are too many factors influencing portability and stability of the end-to-end tests. Accept the fact that they are just naturally flaky, difficult to maintain and fragile. There are some other points about that here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2015/04/just-say-no-to-more-end-to-end-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Just Say No to More End-to-End Tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are though some things you can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;continue using/adding explicit waits to the flaky parts of the tests. There is also this package that might help to combine waits with jasmine matchers: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Xotabu4/jasmine-protractor-matchers%20%20%20*%20intentionally&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jasmine-protractor-matchers&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can intentionally slow the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/control-flow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor control flow&lt;/a&gt; down: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24960290/can-protractor-be-made-to-run-slowly&quot;&gt;Can protractor be made to run slowly?&lt;/a&gt;. You can then move it further and think some sort of a machine-specific coefficient that would be applied to control flow slow down time - you have one value of the coefficient on your machine, your colleague may have a different one  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;you can also have different values for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/timeouts&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;all these timeouts&lt;/a&gt; (different config files?) for different machine configurations &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;of course, try to understand the main bottlenecks - it could be, as it is often, the network-related problems - connectivity from your colleagues' computer to the server? Try to debug and understand what is the main reason for these failures&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-16T18:23:03.307" LastActivityDate="2017-11-16T18:23:03.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30591" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-16T20:59:26.930" Score="6" ViewCount="256" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem is that my test class is already implemented some class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class MainTest extends ExecutionContext ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thus, I can move general logic to parent class as it is usually done:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestBase {&#xA;    protected final String baseUrl = Config.getProperty(Config.TEST_HOST);&#xA;    protected final String driverName = Config.getProperty(Config.BROWSER);&#xA;    protected final DriversEnum driverInstance = DriversEnum.valueOf(driverName.toUpperCase());&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    public void start() { &#xA;       ...&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterMethod(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    public void end() {&#xA;        Logger.logDebug(&quot;Start AFTER Method&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried to use Java 8 features like &lt;code&gt;default&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;static&lt;/code&gt; methods. Here is a sample:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Listeners(TestListener.class)&#xA;public interface ITestBase {&#xA;    String baseUrl = Config.getProperty(Config.TEST_HOST);&#xA;    String driverName = Config.getProperty(Config.BROWSER);&#xA;    DriversEnum driverInstance = DriversEnum.valueOf(driverName.toUpperCase());&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    default public void start() {&#xA;        ...&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @AfterMethod(alwaysRun = true)&#xA;    default public void end() {&#xA;        ...&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run typical TestNG test method, like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class AppUiDemo implements ITestBase {&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void checkWebDriverCreation() {&#xA;      ...&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;start()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;end()&lt;/code&gt; methods haven't called. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Is it possible to use interface with any implementation for execution code before and after test methods with TestNG?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5556" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T13:34:59.067" Title="Is it possible to move after and before methods to interface with Java 8?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29113" CreationDate="2017-11-17T06:31:58.700" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As lauda said you need to automate also the process of getting a token, i.e. authentication.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JWT token suggests you're probably testing a system with OAuth2 authentication. &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RFC 6749&lt;/a&gt; specification defines a number of authentication flows for OAuth2:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implicit Grant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Authorization Code Grant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resource Owner Password Credentials Grant &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Client Credentials Grant &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you're using authentication through UI, chances are this is Implicit Grant, but only you and your developers will know which flow your system is using. Moreover, Implicit Grant does not define how verification of your credentials (user, password) looks like --- this will be specific to your system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your options are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;talk to your developers what authentication flow is used&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;sniffer the traffic in the Network panel of your Chrome/Firefox to understand which flow is used, what HTTP Requests to craft and what to parse out from HTTP Responses.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ask developers to write authentication library for you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-12-17T07:28:09.450" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T07:28:09.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30593" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14714" CreationDate="2017-11-17T07:39:28.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;protected BasePageObject&amp;lt;?&amp;gt; loadSimulteneousBrowser(String url, boolean session) throws IOException&#xA;{&#xA;    if (session)&#xA;    {&#xA;        selenium_simultaneous = getSelenium(ChromeProfile.WITH_SESSION, false);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;        selenium_simultaneous = getSelenium(ChromeProfile.WITHOUT_SESSION, false);&#xA;    }&#xA;    if (&quot;&quot;.equalsIgnoreCase(url))&#xA;    {&#xA;        selenium_simultaneous.get(APPLICATION_URL);&#xA;    }&#xA;    else&#xA;    {&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;URL ---&amp;gt; &quot; + url);&#xA;        selenium_simultaneous.get(url);&#xA;    }&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        resultpage_Simulteneous = new BasePageObject&amp;lt;&amp;gt;(selenium_simultaneous);// BasePage is for Detected Current Page&#xA;        timeout(1);&#xA;        resultpage_Simulteneous = resultpage_Simulteneous.detectPage(); // Here BasePage object get 1 page and pass it into result.&#xA;        timeout(1);&#xA;        logger.info(&quot;result Page:&quot; + resultpage_Simulteneous);&#xA;        return resultpage_Simulteneous;&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        logger.error(e);&#xA;    }&#xA;    return resultpage_Simulteneous;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29131" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T07:39:28.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30595" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30597" CreationDate="2017-11-17T10:43:33.277" Score="3" ViewCount="149" Body="&lt;p&gt;The method down below creates an user within my application and I check the outcome with two &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;'s. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public function register($request, $response)&#xA;{&#xA;    // code&#xA;&#xA;    if(isset($new_user-&amp;gt;body-&amp;gt;ok)) {&#xA;        if($new_user-&amp;gt;body-&amp;gt;ok == true) {&#xA;            return $response-&amp;gt;withStatus(201);&#xA;        }&#xA;    } &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want to unit test this function. I'm quite confused if it is okay to use more than one assert. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what I have. Would you use approach &lt;em&gt;a)&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;b)&lt;/em&gt; or a completly different way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;assertTrue(isset($new_user-&amp;gt;body-&amp;gt;ok);&#xA;$this-&amp;gt;assertEquals(true, $new_user-&amp;gt;body-&amp;gt;ok);     &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;b)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$this-&amp;gt;assertTrue(isset($new_user-&amp;gt;body-&amp;gt;ok) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; $new_user-&amp;gt;body-&amp;gt;ok == true);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29134" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T08:19:35.110" Title="Should I use more than one assert in this scenario?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30596" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-17T11:36:17.280" Score="0" ViewCount="51183" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='printshapesEdit-main']/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/input&quot;)).sendKeys(Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL, &quot;v&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the above code, I would like to retrieve the copied text to a string. Please  do me favor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29135" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-11-17T12:33:35.970" LastActivityDate="2019-08-15T14:12:20.137" Title="How to store copied text to a string in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30595" CreationDate="2017-11-17T12:52:22.417" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neither&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ideally you want a unit test per potential outcome of your code, with exactly one assert.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pseudo-code would look something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;successful_registration_returns_201()&#xA;{&#xA;    // set up required objects &amp;amp; data - use mocks and stubs for dependencies&#xA;    $response -&amp;gt; register($request, $response)&#xA;&#xA;    assertTrue($response.Status == 201)&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless your response variable includes the new user information, that's all you need to assert on a successful outcome. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To assert on an unsuccessful registration attempt, you'd need to set up your request object to fail registration. Then, depending on how granular your failure code is, you could assert one of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;response status is not 201 (only use this if you're not differentiating between different failure types)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;response includes an expected failure message (if you're sending one back, such as &quot;username already exists&quot; - in this case you'd have one unit test per failure message)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No matter how your code is structured, your unit tests should only assert on the output of the unit, not on variable assignations within the unit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T12:52:22.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30598" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-17T14:52:28.960" Score="2" ViewCount="325" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm looking for tool options to develop regression and production validation scripts for a few apps built in the RSA Archer eGRC suite.  I have not been able to find much information available out there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone attempted or had success automating Archer? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29137" LastActivityDate="2018-10-16T01:21:06.853" Title="Has anyone automated an app built in RSA Archer?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30599" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17272" CreationDate="2017-11-17T16:38:05.190" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using &lt;a href=&quot;https://portswigger.net/burp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;BurpSuite&lt;/a&gt; for such cases. With this tool, you can see all requests between app and server, catch them and modify if needed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you don't need to track interaction between app and server, then &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt; (as Nirmit mention above) will be a good choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29138" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-18T01:21:54.947" LastActivityDate="2017-11-18T01:21:54.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30600" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-17T17:12:01.103" Score="1" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to create 2 use cases in the same thread.&#xA;User A - restricted user.&#xA;User B - administrator.&#xA;I have over 100 operations.&#xA;Everything is parent/child... so,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need User A to initiate HTTP request, in which it fails,&#xA;IF User A Fails, User B needs to repeat the Request successfully so the request can create a Parent and User B can try the next Request which is a child of the first request. Over &amp;amp; Over again. (Cascading action)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using ver. 2.13 because of Maven 2 on Hudson.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A real world example would be if a cashier at the grocery store makes a mistake in ringing up an item and has to have a manager over-ride to continue with the sale. He makes it good and the tabulation continues. That is a little over-simplified, but I need training-wheels and a motorcycle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29139" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T05:53:09.733" Title="Jmeter - 2 login users in the SAME thread?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30601" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-17T17:13:42.183" Score="7" ViewCount="3488" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/MavenPlugin/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Robot Framework Maven Plugin&quot;&gt;Robot Framework Maven plugin&lt;/a&gt; to execute my Robot Framework scripts. I'm using this plugin because some of my keywords are implemented in Java and packaged inside an external library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to be able to run those scripts in parallel through &lt;strong&gt;Maven/Jenkins/Selenium Hub&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think that the RF plugin Maven &quot;out of the box&quot; does not offer this possibility... unless I'm mistaken.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also looked at the possibility of using &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mkorpela/pabot&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;Pabot&quot;&gt;Pabot&lt;/a&gt;, but I could not achieve to call Pabot from Maven.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have an idea to get to run the tests in parallel?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27654" LastEditorUserId="27654" LastEditDate="2017-11-19T15:34:17.443" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T08:17:16.200" Title="How to run tests in parallel using Robot Framework Maven plugin?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;&lt;maven&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30602" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30600" CreationDate="2017-11-17T17:33:02.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming you know the actual HTTP sequence in this scenario, you would execute a Thread group contaning:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;request user A&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;catch response for user A&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;request user B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;next request user B&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;whatever other request would describe your scenario&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your logic of parent/child is something which is contextual to your application. Jmeter just executes HTTP(S) request you would have gathered/know from your flow.&#xA;You can record the flow with a browser and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP(S)_Test_Script_Recorder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;recorder&lt;/a&gt; although I prefer creating my scripts using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telerik.com/fiddler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Fiddler&lt;/a&gt; to analyze the actual HTTP traffic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a more elaborate script you could mix the good and the failing scenario's and let them run (randomly) so your application would be tested in a more possibly realistic way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T17:33:02.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30596" CreationDate="2017-11-17T17:35:01.390" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can't really see why you would use copy/paste to get the text from an element and then enter it into a field and since you haven't provided a reason for it here's an easier way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get text from an element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public String getElementText(By locator) {&#xA;    WebElement locatorElement = driver.findElement(locator);&#xA;    return locatorElement.getText();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Enter text to a field:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public void enterTextIntoField(String text, By locator) {&#xA;    WebElement locatorElement = driver.findElement(locator);&#xA;    locatorElement.click();&#xA;    locatorElement.clear();&#xA;    locatorElement.sendKeys(text);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastActivityDate="2017-11-17T17:35:01.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30604" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30607" CreationDate="2017-11-18T01:40:15.410" Score="8" ViewCount="552" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our company has been growing and with it our products and the QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our QA team previously has only handled a single &quot;headline&quot; company's product and had this &quot;startup&quot;-like flexible and agile relationship with the development team. But, now we've grown into a part of a bigger corporation, we've got a couple of new products that were previously internal and now are becoming important and going to become customer-facing which requires higher quality standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We've hired new testers to handle the increased load, but now we have the following question to answer. Should we focus the new testers on this particular product and let them handle the testing and quality assurance, or should we make them a part of a &quot;generic&quot; QA team which is going to be handling all the products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other words, should we have multiple product-specific QA teams or a single QA team handling all the products? What are the pros and cons of these two approaches?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T18:29:41.933" Title="Multiple product-specific QA teams vs a single generic QA team" Tags="&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30591" CreationDate="2017-11-18T10:07:29.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Default methods in interfaces are not yet supported but they will be in the next release (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cbeust/testng/blob/master/CHANGES.txt#L36&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cbeust/testng/blob/master/CHANGES.txt#L36&lt;/a&gt;) which should be 6.13 (release soon).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23406" LastActivityDate="2017-11-18T10:07:29.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30606" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-18T19:03:14.397" Score="5" ViewCount="224" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: As automation testers in selenium world, we have to work on multiple languages/frameworks(wrappers over selenium) in different projects however there is an one thing which remains common across are locators which are essentially tool/framework/language agnostic object description using Xpath or CSS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Problem Statement&lt;/strong&gt;:What is the suggested canonical way to define objects/locators in big enterprise level automation projects where common page objects will be utilized across multiple project teams which might be using different UI automation tools like proprietary(UFT)/open source(Selenium) in fact different flavors of selenium frameworks across languages from geographically distributed remote locations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T00:25:20.837" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T00:25:20.837" Title="Canonical way to define page objects/locators in big enterprise level automation projects?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-11-18T19:34:52.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd argue for a combination of the two:  a QA team that handles all products, with a mixture of specialists and generalists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Within that team, you'd ideally want a mixture of skills:  some who are skilled in product A, some in product B, and some who can float/are specialized in test areas/techniques (say, performance, security, usability, etc).  This way, you can make sure people always have things to do.  If you have someone who specialized in performance testing product A, what do they do when product A isn't ready for performance testing?  (I'm assuming here that management won't allow someone to spend half their time improving their skills, or building tools, or something similar.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The pros of this approach are the following:  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When a product needs focused testing for a time, you can shift people over to that product, and not have &quot;idle&quot; testers.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It can allow for much easier sharing of tools, techniques, and so on. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From a career point of view, it's easier to compare QA folks against each other versus a QA person versus a developer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You have to find the right sort of person for these various roles.  Some people will want to specialize, and others will want to float.  It can be a problem if you try to put one sort of person into a role they aren't suited for.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depending on the products in question, in may be that sharing skills/tools/etc is a problem, if they're different enough that they require vastly different test skills, tools, or whatever.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The larger the team, the more institutional inertia there's going to be.  On a small team, it would be easier for them to move to a new tool/technique/etc, as there would be fewer people to persuade.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, though, one advantage of the larger team model is that at some level, unless your management team is incredibly disciplined, there's almost always going to be some sharing between projects, as the problem project of the moment is going to request/require more resources.  With a larger, unified team, you can absorb that more easily.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, from a management point of view, it can be very helpful to have the QA manager equivalent in stature to development managers.  This is because there are always going to be conflicts when development wants to ship, and QA doesn't think the product is ready.  You ideally want that decision to be made on technical grounds, not because the development manager is somehow senior to the QA manager.  Ideally, development management and QA management will report to the same manager/executive who is responsible for the overall quality of a product, and who can make trade-off decisions from a business point of view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(This is ignoring another possibility of having the QA folks embedded in development departments, which has its own set of tradeoffs.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2017-11-18T19:44:41.870" LastActivityDate="2017-11-18T19:44:41.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-11-18T22:02:49.073" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion you could (should?) evolve what you already have established now: testers that are in a &quot;flexible and agile relationship with the development team&quot;. A good moment to mature your apparently agile(-ish?) environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would assume that the different products are also not maintained by only one big and growing development (e.g coders) team. So this could be the best moment to grow into product teams that include coders and testers. As with coders and needs, some testers can also be shared among teams because of there specific specialization. As others might stay on one product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on your organization and context but in mine coders and testers (and devops and other techies) are reporting to one Engineering manager. That also removes the issue of &quot;QA&quot; as naysayer. Or the separation of &quot;development&quot; versus &quot;QA&quot;... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be a bit more challenging if you are trying to compare people in detail as in this case &quot;the team&quot; is more the entity to measure, I guess. And it tends to ask (much) more responsibility and drive from team members. Some people don't like that. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience it does show when certain members are really lacking, misbehaving or otherwise and the team is unable to handle that. In which case the manager needs to step in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not by any means &lt;em&gt;the&lt;/em&gt; solution... it really depends on your context ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastEditorUserId="14324" LastEditDate="2017-11-20T20:33:05.127" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T20:33:05.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25316" CreationDate="2017-11-19T07:10:26.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Adding with the other answers, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A test engineer has to maintain a strong personality where he can introduce a new bug anytime because both developers and testers all know the fact that, either developing or testing can't be declared complete apparently! No tester can guarantee to catch all bugs earlier as like as no developer to write a perfect working code at once. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather it's a huge relief to find it before going to production! Even if it might go unfixed to current release but it's now a known issue to all. So in worst case, if a real user reports this issue then software team can ASAP fix this or declare this as 'known' rather start panicking! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There will be always scope for betterment of quality of product. If a tester remain strong to his statement and towards this view, then no developer or management can treat him/her like this going as unappreciated! We have to earn this through strength of our personality! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But again there might be fact that, to meet the the hard deadline management has to defer this bug to be fixed in the next release. This time tester has to be considerable enough. Because complaining about the fact is not always appropriate. Knowing the situation and adapt with it should be of great quality for both developer and tester to build/maintain a better software!  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastEditorUserId="27665" LastEditDate="2017-11-19T07:18:30.460" LastActivityDate="2017-11-19T07:18:30.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6154" CreationDate="2017-11-19T11:14:59.943" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although it is an old question, I would like to provide my thoughts on this for future readers.I was in similar situation numerous times, in fact, its very common situation for test engineers working in Agile.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our journey was somewhat as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1). We all as a team realised this issue. Dev and test agreed and we planned to move large no. of tests from low/middle level (integration level) to unit level and aimed to have only 1 E2E UI test per user story.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2).Focused to design more black box automated tests without relying on the internals.This is true for any level of tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3).However, We made sure(by code review) all the boundary/edge cases are fully covered in unit tests only.Also in unit tests we found we needed to focus more to test public interfaces, not directly the internals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4).We(testers) worked more closely with devs and helped them in developing/testing/reviewing unit tests.This period we moved more towards TDD(but not exactly). At this point, We also started thinking actually &quot;Are we developers or testers&quot;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5).After few iterations, we ended up having the majority of tests as unit tests and fewer integration tests and very few E2E tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point as a team, we found ourselves in a far better situation and were overall satisfied.(Happy Ending :) )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Above all (I think which helped), we had to blur the boundary between who is &quot;Developer&quot; and who is &quot;tester&quot; in the team.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe Project Nirvana comes when quality becomes a mindset/culture in the team not just having an individual as &quot;Tester&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2019-05-08T02:01:47.053" LastActivityDate="2019-05-08T02:01:47.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30611" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30756" CreationDate="2017-11-19T11:53:56.950" Score="9" ViewCount="1002" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Following are not my assumptions or expectations but in my last couple of interactions with different project teams, I am seeing these patterns where it is expected (from testing by the overall project team):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Assumptions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1).&lt;strong&gt;Test Coverage&lt;/strong&gt;:Where all or most of testing are aimed(by project team) to be covered in either unit tests or automated user acceptance tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2).&lt;strong&gt;No automation spillover between sprints&lt;/strong&gt;:In each sprint, all testing for that sprint should be completed in that very same sprint and no spillovers expected in terms of what is still left as manual testing activity once the sprint ends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3).&lt;strong&gt;Full automated Regression Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: From regression testing perspective, there should not be any accumulated leftover manual testing from each sprint which is still being done manually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4).&lt;strong&gt;Product Quality &amp;amp; Continuous Delivery&lt;/strong&gt;: As the team aiming for Continuous delivery, the overall expected product quality is very high where the product can/will be delivered anytime to production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_debt&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Technical Debt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: And if we still have something which we are testing manually after few iterations then it is considered as a technical debt of testing by the project team standards. What I am trying to understand here is: is it a reasonable/right expectation of testing in general?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;which brings me to the overall larger question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question&lt;/strong&gt;: Once &quot;Manual Testing&quot; starts becoming a technical debt in a agile team, and where team is highly focused working in short, tight (no spillover), fast sprints and aiming to achieve continuous delivery, what can the team do to reduce it over a period of time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Expectation&lt;/strong&gt;: I am looking for the valuable thoughts/experiences of fellow QA folks, who have been in similar situations and particularly what worked for them ultimately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclaimer&lt;/strong&gt;: These are not my thoughts but my perception of the expectations from a couple of different project teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-11-05T01:48:00.690" LastActivityDate="2018-11-05T01:48:00.690" Title="Is manual regression testing an technical debt for agile teams aiming for continuous delivery?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30606" CreationDate="2017-11-19T14:26:30.387" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;It will depend on your circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally I consider categories such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;common identifiers used throughout the application.  Examples may include login, logout, help, submit button, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;identifiers that are used by forms and shared between different workflows&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;identifiers that are specific to the data that a given workflow collects&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;identifier that are specific to one page of one workflow and don't appear in other pages&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I store them in a .yml file (so any language could read that) such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ cat ~/app/spec/page_objects.yml&#xA;...&#xA;search_field: &quot;input[name='q']&quot;&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm use rubyist so I'ver chosen to create dynamic methods from this in a PageObject class like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class PageObject&#xA;  def initialize&#xA;    load_page_object_file('spec/page_objects.yml')&#xA;  end &#xA;  private&#xA;  def load_page_object_file(file)&#xA;    page_object = YAML.load(File.read(file))&#xA;    page_object.each do |name, locator|&#xA;      self.class.__send__ :define_method, name do locator end &#xA;    end &#xA;  end &#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then &lt;code&gt;require&lt;/code&gt; that file and then instantiate the object with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;p = PageObject.new&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and then I use the identifiers in this way&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;fill_in p.search_field, with: 'test'&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-11-19T14:26:30.387" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30614" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30611" CreationDate="2017-11-19T23:10:37.363" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know what it means for a sprint to be &quot;tight&quot; but I assume that is supposed to be a good thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question asks about going fast but does not mention anything about quality.  If all you care about is going fast, and if an automated test lets you go faster than a manual test, then manual testing is an impediment to going blazingly fast.  Whether or not you label manual testing as technical debt is pointless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you might care about more than going fast.  You might also care about producing software that's reliable,  meets its performance goals, and is usable.  You might also care about spending money in an effective way.  Sometimes the best way to meet those goals may be to do some manual testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-11-19T23:10:37.363" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30616" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-20T02:40:24.513" Score="3" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been asked to test a new software application.  The project is run Agile.  In some cases I have no Acceptance Criteria and no documentation to refer to and I am being asked to write test cases for a User Story.&#xA;Is this even possible?  Has someone had to do this before and do you have any advice?&#xA;Thanks!!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29154" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T08:57:41.783" Title="Agile Testing with no Acceptance Criteria or Documentation to refer to" Tags="&lt;agile-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30600" CreationDate="2017-11-20T05:53:09.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;My expectation is that you have &lt;code&gt;User A&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;User B&lt;/code&gt; in different &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Groups&lt;/a&gt;. So in order to trigger &lt;code&gt;User B&lt;/code&gt; conditionally you need to have some form of communication between Thread Groups. The easiest way of conducting your use case is using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/InterThreadCommunication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inter-Thread Communication Plugin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/img/examples/SynchronizationExample.jmx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SynchronizationExample.jmx&lt;/a&gt; for real life use case of passing cookies between thread groups so 2nd Thread Group basically &quot;waits&quot; for cookie to become available. You need to do the same with your scenario, the JMeter Variable you're looking for is called &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#predefinedvars&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;${JMeterThread.last_sample_ok}&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can install Inter-Thread Communication plugins bundle using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dup0Q.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dup0Q.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Inter THread Communication installation&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T05:53:09.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-20T06:02:29.063" Score="2" ViewCount="67" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are following Agile Scrum in our project. While manual testing, we would like to maintain test execution proof which should be easy to capture and easy to maintain.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Currently, we are following the manual process of taking screenshots and using &quot;Quick Time Player&quot; for recording.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest the better way of recording/capturing/maintaining of test execution proofs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29156" LastEditorUserId="29156" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T03:33:29.857" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T03:33:29.857" Title="What are the effective ways of recording and maintaining test execution proofs?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30619" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30620" CreationDate="2017-11-20T06:23:04.123" Score="0" ViewCount="4327" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;2017-11-20 11:18:29,079 ERROR o.a.j.JMeter: Uncaught exception: &#xA;java.lang.StackOverflowError: null&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.findLoadedClass(ClassLoader.java:1038) ~[?:1.8.0_144]&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:406) ~[?:1.8.0_144]&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:411) ~[?:1.8.0_144]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.ScriptLoader.loadClass(ScriptLoader.java:55) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357) ~[?:1.8.0_144]&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method) ~[?:1.8.0_144]&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:2583) ~[?:1.8.0_144]&#xA;    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredField(Class.java:2068) ~[?:1.8.0_144]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Context$ContextCodeInstaller$1.run(Context.java:209) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Context$ContextCodeInstaller$1.run(Context.java:204) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) ~[?:1.8.0_144]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Context$ContextCodeInstaller.initialize(Context.java:204) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.codegen.CompilationPhase$InstallPhase.transform(CompilationPhase.java:508) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.codegen.CompilationPhase.apply(CompilationPhase.java:624) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.codegen.Compiler.compile(Compiler.java:655) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Context.compile(Context.java:1317) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Context.compileScript(Context.java:1251) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.Context.compileScript(Context.java:627) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.api.scripting.NashornScriptEngine.compileImpl(NashornScriptEngine.java:535) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.api.scripting.NashornScriptEngine.compileImpl(NashornScriptEngine.java:524) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.api.scripting.NashornScriptEngine.evalImpl(NashornScriptEngine.java:402) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at jdk.nashorn.api.scripting.NashornScriptEngine.eval(NashornScriptEngine.java:155) ~[nashorn.jar:?]&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.control.IfController$NashornJsEngine.evaluate(IfController.java:124) ~[ApacheJMeter_core.jar:3.2 r1790748]&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.control.IfController.evaluateCondition(IfController.java:185) ~[ApacheJMeter_core.jar:3.2 r1790748]&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.control.IfController.next(IfController.java:239) ~[ApacheJMeter_core.jar:3.2 r1790748]&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.control.GenericController.nextIsAController(GenericController.java:219) ~[ApacheJMeter_core.jar:3.2 r1790748]&#xA;    at org.apache.jmeter.control.GenericController.next(GenericController.java:173) ~[ApacheJMeter_core.jar:3.2 r1790748]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hi&#xA;while running Jmeter i am getting Stackoverflow Exception by occurring this my testplan is not getting proper output i just reduces the thread group user but no use. it is occurring  when one by one   thread completes on that time ts is   showing like this.please tell me how to fix this issue.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;summary +    221 in 00:00:30 =    7.4/s Avg:   113 Min:     6 Max:  1533 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 10 Started: 110 Finished: 100&#xA;summary =   9028 in 00:21:39 =    7.0/s Avg:   368 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    239 in 00:00:30 =    8.0/s Avg:    99 Min:     5 Max:  1518 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 10 Started: 110 Finished: 100&#xA;summary =   9267 in 00:22:09 =    7.0/s Avg:   361 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    220 in 00:00:30 =    7.3/s Avg:   110 Min:     6 Max:  2010 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 10 Started: 110 Finished: 100&#xA;summary =   9487 in 00:22:39 =    7.0/s Avg:   355 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    224 in 00:00:30 =    7.4/s Avg:    82 Min:     5 Max:   550 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 10 Started: 110 Finished: 100&#xA;summary =   9711 in 00:23:09 =    7.0/s Avg:   349 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;Uncaught Exception java.lang.StackOverflowError. See log file for details.&#xA;summary +    173 in 00:00:30 =    5.8/s Avg:   132 Min:     6 Max:  1507 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 9 Started: 110 Finished: 101&#xA;summary =   9884 in 00:23:39 =    7.0/s Avg:   345 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    204 in 00:00:30 =    6.9/s Avg:   108 Min:     7 Max:  1389 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 9 Started: 110 Finished: 101&#xA;summary =  10088 in 00:24:09 =    7.0/s Avg:   340 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    204 in 00:00:30 =    6.8/s Avg:   120 Min:     6 Max:  2512 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 9 Started: 110 Finished: 101&#xA;summary =  10292 in 00:24:39 =    7.0/s Avg:   336 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    186 in 00:00:30 =    6.2/s Avg:   142 Min:     6 Max:  4576 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 9 Started: 110 Finished: 101&#xA;summary =  10478 in 00:25:09 =    6.9/s Avg:   332 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    179 in 00:00:30 =    6.0/s Avg:   265 Min:     5 Max: 26738 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 9 Started: 110 Finished: 101&#xA;summary =  10657 in 00:25:39 =    6.9/s Avg:   331 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    187 in 00:00:30 =    6.2/s Avg:    99 Min:     5 Max:  1404 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 9 Started: 110 Finished: 101&#xA;summary =  10844 in 00:26:09 =    6.9/s Avg:   327 Min:     5 Max: 34202 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;summary +    166 in 00:00:30 =    5.5/s Avg:   435 Min:     6 Max: 57858 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 7 Started: 110 Finished: 103&#xA;summary =  11010 in 00:26:39 =    6.9/s Avg:   329 Min:     5 Max: 57858 Err:     0 (0.00%)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T06:43:11.337" Title="Uncaught Exception java.lang.StackOverflowError. See log file for details. in JMeter3.2 version" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-11-23T19:35:31.470" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30619" CreationDate="2017-11-20T06:43:11.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem with your &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#If_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;If Controller&lt;/a&gt;'s condition, most likely you have an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinite_loop&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;infinite loop&lt;/a&gt; or something like that there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is not the case and you're totally sure in your condition logic try switching to &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__groovy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__groovy() function&lt;/a&gt; instead of JavaScript which is the default language of the If Controller, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/groovy-new-black&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Groovy is the most performing scripting language&lt;/a&gt; supported in JMeter and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#bsh_scripting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;it is recommended to use it for any form of scripting starting with JMeter 3.1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T06:43:11.337" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30595" CreationDate="2017-11-20T08:19:35.110" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Optimize asserts for readability, your suggestion to group assert into a single one does to opposite if you ask me.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The obvious benefits from having only one assert are greatly overrated. As Long you test the same behaviour I would be fine with multiple asserts in a single test, as are old-timers like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Shore&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your code example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;return $response-&amp;gt;withStatus(201);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would think the response is the behavior you want to test, not the implementation that you are now testing. Your tests have the same code as the implementation, this is a clear smell. Read this blog &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2013/08/testing-on-toilet-test-behavior-not.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Behaviour, Not Implementation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use common sense, duplicating test-code just to keep it within a single assert seems a waste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T08:19:35.110" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-11-20T08:25:41.567" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Neither, QA should be part of the Agile delivery teams. I mean that the QA/Testers should sit with the developers and help them deliver tested features during their iterations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read some Agile testing books: &lt;a href=&quot;http://agiletester.ca/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://agiletester.ca/&lt;/a&gt;, cause it sounds like the developer is practising Agile, but the testing is falling back on more traditional methods, like clustering teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if need to pick one out of two evils it would be a product specific teams, because as a tester you need to learn the product domain specifics risks and such.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T07:44:27.413" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T07:44:27.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30560" CreationDate="2017-11-20T08:27:49.993" Score="2" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Is this an industry standard or expectation?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; and hopefully it will never be. Hopefully &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TDD&lt;/a&gt; will be. People who think you can document in a workflow-tracker when and how to create unit-tests really miss the point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T08:27:49.993" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30624" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-20T11:35:27.093" Score="1" ViewCount="708" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to drag&amp;amp;drop a image to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input class=&quot;aaa&quot; multiple=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;bbb&quot; style=&quot;display:none;&quot; type=&quot;file&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;path=os.getcwd()+r'\\'&#xA;WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, &quot;input.aaa&quot;))).send_keys(path+&quot;b.png&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can drag and drop the image with this way, but, file upload dialog is shown (I don't need it to be shown).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to disable (or ignore) the file upload dialog? I don't need it to be shown.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;:ps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;screenshot of the element: &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.imgur.com/2IpN3Dr.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://i.imgur.com/2IpN3Dr.png&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;whole code: &lt;a href=&quot;https://pastebin.com/xbQWViRh&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://pastebin.com/xbQWViRh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;took a video: &lt;a href=&quot;http://fast-uploader.com/file/7066754812461/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://fast-uploader.com/file/7066754812461/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29161" LastEditorUserId="29161" LastEditDate="2017-11-20T17:58:45.783" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T17:58:45.783" Title="How to disable file upload dialog with selenium python?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30626" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-20T12:33:54.963" Score="0" ViewCount="1446" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two loop controllers inside a simple controller.&#xA;But it stops running after the execution of first loop even if the results is successful.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Structure is given below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ThreadGroup&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple Controller 1&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loop Controller1 (Loops 10 times with a CSV file)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loop Controller2 (Loops 25 times with another CSV file)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simple Controller 2&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request 1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request 2&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP Request 3&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loop Controller 3 (Loops 15 times 3rd CSV file)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But execution stops after completing Loop controller 2.  It doesn't go for the Loop controller 2 or doesn't start Simple Controller 2.  If Simple Controller 1 is disabled, it will run Simple Controller 2 successfully.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestion will be of great help.&#xA;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29164" LastEditorUserId="14324" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T13:47:23.100" LastActivityDate="2021-04-20T07:58:11.920" Title="Multiple simple controllers inside a thread group in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30627" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-20T12:43:53.763" Score="-2" ViewCount="5995" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is the HTML code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Telephone:&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA; 1(111)234-11111&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to get the phone number under strong tag&#xA;can anyone suggest how to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29165" LastEditorUserId="29165" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T08:14:03.153" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T08:14:03.153" Title="How to get text under &lt;Strong&gt; tag in selenium webdriver using java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30628" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30591" CreationDate="2017-11-20T13:34:59.067" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, it is possible but the version of TestNG that allow using interface methods in tests is not released yet. You need to download it from &lt;a href=&quot;https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; repository.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Maven&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; you can specify additional repository in your &lt;code&gt;pom.xml&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;repository&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;testng&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;testng&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;url&amp;gt;https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots&amp;lt;/url&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/repository&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then add TestNG dependency:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;org.testng&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;testng&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;6.11.1-SNAPSHOT&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package test;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;public class DummyTest implements ITest {&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;    public void beforeTest() {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;before from class&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test1() {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;I am test1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and &lt;strong&gt;ITest&lt;/strong&gt; interface&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package test;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;&#xA;&#xA;public interface ITest {&#xA;&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;    default void beforeDefaultInterface() {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;before from default interface method&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;    @BeforeMethod&#xA;    static void beforeStaticInterface() {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;before from static interface method&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The output of the test above will be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&#xA;    before from default interface method&#xA;    before from static interface method&#xA;    before from class&#xA;    I am test1&#xA;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5556" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T13:34:59.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30629" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30627" CreationDate="2017-11-20T15:38:20.447" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The telephone number here is a text node. And, the problem is, you cannot directly target/find text nodes with Selenium WebDriver, only regular element nodes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, you can though locate the whole &lt;code&gt;p&lt;/code&gt; element, get the text and then extract the phone number by, for instance, splitting by &lt;code&gt;:&lt;/code&gt; and getting the last part of the split. Example in Python/Selenium:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;text = driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//p[strong = 'Telephone:']&quot;).text.strip()&#xA;phone_number = text.split(&quot;:&quot;)[-1].strip()&#xA;print(phone_number)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T15:38:20.447" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30630" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30631" CreationDate="2017-11-20T15:40:44.987" Score="1" ViewCount="813" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to navigate to a specific URL as the Given statement for an automated test case and use a DateTime.Now structure to insert a required date into the URL for the browser to navigate to, unfortunately there is currently no way around navigating this way for this specific scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My gherkin is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Scenario Outline: Search&#xA;    Given I Navigate to webpage with &amp;lt;date&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    Examples:&#xA;        | Variant | Date |&#xA;        | Web1    |      |&#xA;        | Web2    |      |&#xA;        | Web3    |      |&#xA;        | Web4    |      |&#xA;        | Web5    |      |  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My regex for the Given statement is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; [Binding]&#xA;    public class Search&#xA;    {&#xA;        [Given(@&quot;I Navigate to WebPage with (.*)&quot;)]&#xA;        public void GivenINavigateToWebpageWith(int date)&#xA;        {&#xA;            DateTime localDate = DateTime.Now;&#xA;            String[] formats = { &quot;yyyyMMdd&quot; };&#xA;            String[] cultureNames = { &quot;en-US&quot; };&#xA;            DateTime date = new DateTime();&#xA;            CurrentBrowserNavigation(&quot;https://webpage.com/foo/bar/blah/blah/en-us/?startdate=&quot; + date + &quot;&amp;amp;anotherThing=1&quot;);&#xA;        }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know this isn't correct and doesn't work currently but I'm a little lost as to how to properly construct this and was hoping to get pointed in the right direction by the community here. Hope this has enough detail! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27044" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-11-20T22:37:26.140" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T22:37:26.140" Title="Adding DateTime.Now; to a URL for a test in Selenium-Webdriver and C#" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30630" CreationDate="2017-11-20T16:11:44.573" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Probably this will help as you mentioned that date format to expect is 2017-11-20:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;            [Binding]&#xA;            public class Search&#xA;            {&#xA;                [Given(@&quot;I Navigate to WebPage with (.*)&quot;)]&#xA;                public void GivenINavigateToWebpageWith(int date)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    var todayDate = DateTime.Now;&#xA;                    var localtime = todayDate.ToString(&quot;yyyy-mm-dd&quot;);                &#xA;                    CurrentBrowserNavigation(&quot;https://webpage.com/foo/bar/blah/blah/en-us/?startdate=&quot; + localtime + &quot;&amp;amp;anotherThing=1&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastEditorUserId="25791" LastEditDate="2017-11-20T17:54:15.847" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T17:54:15.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30632" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30616" CreationDate="2017-11-20T16:49:01.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;User Stories provide good insight into how a product should behave.  While they seldom contain explicit testing criteria, there is often much implied that can be extracted from a user story which the test can develop into more formalized testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to break each user story down in three different passes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;First pass, identify functionality and features&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Second pass, identify any limits imposed by a given environment, operating conditions, etc.  This can be things like performance/throughput, duration, security.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Third pass, identify:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interfaces (other software, files,&#xA;databases, peripherals, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Inputs and outputs (records, messages,&#xA;files, reports, objects, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configurations (System level,&#xA;application level, hardware, network, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usage scenarios (normal&#xA;&quot;happy path&quot;, error handling/recovery, backup, installation,etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This may not be the perfect approach for every person or every project, but it is one approach that helps in developing a somewhat nebulous concept into a more concrete form.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2017-11-20T16:49:01.243" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23750" CreationDate="2017-11-20T17:43:39.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox/Headless_mode&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;This page&lt;/a&gt; lists the &lt;code&gt;--window-size=x,y&lt;/code&gt; which you can add with &lt;code&gt;opts.add_argument(&quot;--window-size=1900,1080&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Complete example which works with latest firefox v57b8 (assumes you have &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; somewhere in your &lt;code&gt;$PATH&lt;/code&gt;):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre class=&quot;lang-python prettyprint-override&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;    caps = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities().FIREFOX&#xA;    opts = FirefoxOptions()&#xA;    opts.add_argument(&quot;-headless&quot;)&#xA;    opts.add_argument(&quot;--window-size=1900,1080&quot;)&#xA;    caps[&quot;marionette&quot;] = True&#xA;    driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=caps, firefox_options=opts)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29170" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T09:59:27.257" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T09:59:27.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30639" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-21T04:03:12.520" Score="1" ViewCount="39" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my Django application, I am using the Amazon boto email service for sending messages to my clients. I am doing the testing of view function which will send the email. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am getting confused about how to test the boto service. How to set up a virtual email inbox to get test the email service. Or should I test the boto service?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28608" LastEditorUserId="28608" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T03:28:09.843" LastActivityDate="2018-04-21T05:55:42.523" Title="How to test amazon boto email service used in django?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;whitebox-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30616" CreationDate="2017-11-21T06:41:48.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is sadly not uncommon especially with newer Agile teams. I would take the proactive approach and write the Acceptance Criteria and then have it reviewed with the Product Owner (or whoever wrote the User Story) and Devs. I recommend writing it in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.agilealliance.org/glossary/gwt/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gherkin Given-When-Then&lt;/a&gt; format. The example given in the agile alliance website is like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; my bank account is in credit, and I made no withdrawals recently,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; I attempt to withdraw an amount less than my card's limit, &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; the withdrawal should complete without errors or warnings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can have multiple ACs for a User Story. And these ACs can easily be used as test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the very least, you should raise this issue in Sprint Retrospective - the team needs to come to agreement on what is an acceptable User Story, be it more description and/or acceptance criteria. And at the next Backlog Grooming and Sprint Planning meetings, be sure to call out any user story that is not ready.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27439" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T06:41:48.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30642" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-21T08:28:03.083" Score="1" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;How Testing is done in e-payment applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do they use actual money in order to test all payment services.If not,are there any techniques/methods to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Eg:Mobile recharge in Paytm or in Freecharge. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25586" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T15:13:53.917" Title="Can I Test mobile/DTH recharge service without actual money?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30643" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30616" CreationDate="2017-11-21T08:57:41.783" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Talk to the developers, product owners and stakeholders. Figure out what was build and what needs testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are being assigned to a new product I would try some of the Tour heuristics:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Feature tour&lt;/strong&gt;: Move through the application and get familiar with all the controls and features you come across.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Complexity tour&lt;/strong&gt;: Find the five most complex things about the application.    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Claims tour&lt;/strong&gt;: Find all the information in the product that tells you what the product does. Verify every claim&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Configuration tour&lt;/strong&gt;: Attempt to find all the ways you can change settings in the product in a way that the application retains those settings.    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Persona tour&lt;/strong&gt;: Imagine five users for the product and the information they would want from the product or the major features they would be interested in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Research &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/30079/is-there-any-standard-or-pattern-of-doing-exploratory-testing/30081#30081&quot;&gt;Exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and figure out ways to come up with new test ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T08:57:41.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30618" CreationDate="2017-11-21T09:37:16.050" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automate it, run it on a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_build_automation_software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;build-server&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;I will produce, with each release, a quick, sure, and repeatable proof&#xA;  that every element of the code works as it should.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.cleancoder.com/uncle-bob/2015/11/18/TheProgrammersOath.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://blog.cleancoder.com/uncle-bob/2015/11/18/TheProgrammersOath.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for some reason you do need todo it manual have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/sbtm/index.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Session-based test management&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. This seems to be Agile &quot;compatible&quot; and contains proof.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still focus on automating most if not all of your test-cases. Preferable with lots of unit and integration tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggested resources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hG4LH6P8Syk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Robert C. Martin - The Land that Scrum Forgot&lt;/a&gt; (Video)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T09:37:16.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30645" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30611" CreationDate="2017-11-21T10:19:28.730" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, I think you can group lack of test automation under technical debt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We don't have time for test automation, so we do it manual&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This sounds like &quot;Deliberate&quot; and &quot;Reckless&quot; on the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TechnicalDebtQuadrant.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Technical Debt Quadrants&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worse would be &quot;We don't know how to automate this testing&quot;, which is &quot;Inadvertent&quot; and &quot;Reckless&quot;. Go get some skills ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We know we should automated our manual test scripts&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would be &quot;Prudent&quot; and &quot;Deliberate&quot; and it sounds like technical debt. You know you postponed it, maybe for a valid reason, like we had to ship it to get feedback. Now you have to repay your debt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a strategic goal to practise Continuous Delivery everyone in the project should be aware you are gathering debt. Make it visual, either in the backlog or in the hallway. Like hours spent manual testing on each release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Preventing technical debt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make the organisation (Product Owner, Management) aware that debt is being created.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add tech-debt to the backlog, start with defining it and removing it every iteration.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add tech-debt prevention practises to your &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/framework/definition-of-done.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;definition of done&lt;/a&gt; (e.g. create automated e2e coverage, etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T14:18:21.343" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T14:18:21.343" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30646" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30596" CreationDate="2017-11-21T10:35:37.733" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In automation testing company we use below mentioned java code to read text from text file, and you can &lt;strong&gt;use this method&lt;/strong&gt; directly where you want to enter text in filed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    public static String getTextFromTextFile() {&#xA;      //FilePath&#xA;     String sFilePath = &quot;path to text file&quot;;&#xA;      //Creating FileReader object&#xA;      FileReader fr = null;&#xA;      //Creating BufferedReader object&#xA;      BufferedReader txtReader  = null;&#xA;      //Handling Exception using Try-Catch&#xA;      String sCurrentLine = null;&#xA;      try {&#xA;&#xA;         fr =  new FileReader(sFilePath);&#xA;         txtReader = new BufferedReader(fr);&#xA;         //Reading file until file is null&#xA;         while ((sCurrentLine = txtReader.readLine()) != null) {&#xA;           System.out.println(sCurrentLine);&#xA;         }&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;             e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } finally {&#xA;         try {&#xA;          if (txtReader != null)txtReader.close();&#xA;         } catch (IOException ex) {&#xA;          ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;         }&#xA;        }&#xA;        return sCurrentLine;&#xA;       }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and if you want to enter text in text field you can use selenium function sendkeys(). &lt;strong&gt;Below is the code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public string enterTextInField (){&#xA;driver.findElement(By.Locator).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.Locator).sendKeys(getTextFromTextFile());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further you can use selenium functions getText() and sendkeys to get and enter text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public string getTextOfElement(){&#xA;string elementText = driver.findElement(By.Locator).getText();&#xA;return elementText&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;public string enterTextInField (){&#xA;driver.findElement(By.Locator).clear();&#xA;driver.findElement(By.Locator).sendKeys(getTextOfElement());&#xA;} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T10:35:37.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30642" CreationDate="2017-11-21T10:40:52.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you can do the testing with test credit cards which is available online. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, the test system or QA system will have the test service for the payment service it will allow using the test credit cards. If it is not you can validate them in the production environment with test card to check the failure behavior. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the positive behavior of the application need to use the real cards as per my knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T15:13:53.917" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T15:13:53.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30648" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-21T11:56:31.593" Score="1" ViewCount="1308" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm automating email verification process, For that I have an API where I have to pass the emailID with the URL e.g.&lt;code&gt;http://apiqa.somewebsite.in/api/v1/verify-email-qa/narendrarajput@gmail.com&lt;/code&gt; and have to pass the &lt;code&gt;rcAuthToken&lt;/code&gt; as parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm Stuck somewhere how do I extract that token from Header ? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My use-case are - First, call the authentication API and store the header response and then extract the &lt;code&gt;rcTocken&lt;/code&gt; from there and then pass it as parameter to the above as POST API request and then get the desired response.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I on right track ? Please help if there is convenient way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T06:11:25.273" Title="How to extract rcAuth Token from header and POST as parameter to call an API" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;json&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30650" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-21T13:04:08.180" Score="0" ViewCount="331" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here I'm  using 10 if controller in JMeter to run my requirement in test plan each if controller consisting Get and Post request with csv data here in counter i set like this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Start :1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;increment:1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maximum:10&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Numberformat:00&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reference name:tcounter&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;like this counter increment one by one if controller will executes according to counter value so Here this is the causing issue that performance of slow down  JMeter will slow and stackoverflowexception and more over i am not getting proper output when i will run my test plan  please tell me how to reduce the Number of if controller,or  is there any alternative to if controller. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="28393" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T06:39:46.767" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T06:39:46.767" Title="How to Reduce the Number of if controller for better performance of test plan in JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30650" CreationDate="2017-11-21T13:36:40.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the majority of programming languages it is recommended to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switch_statement&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;switch statement&lt;/a&gt; instead of multiple &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_(computer_programming)#If.E2.80.93then.28.E2.80.93else.29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;if statements&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can refactor your script to use single &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Switch_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Switch Controller&lt;/a&gt; rather than having many If Controllers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/running-jmeter-samplers-defined-percentage-probability&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Running JMeter Samplers with Defined Percentage Probability&lt;/a&gt; article for more information  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T13:36:40.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30639" CreationDate="2017-11-21T13:38:01.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the common ways to unit test the code that uses &lt;code&gt;boto&lt;/code&gt; client, aside from &quot;manual&quot; mocking and patching, is to use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/spulec/moto&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;moto&lt;/code&gt; library&lt;/a&gt; which provides a drop-in replacement for the &lt;code&gt;boto&lt;/code&gt; client specifically for the use in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think you need to set up a virtual inbox, just check that the notification was sent with &lt;code&gt;moto&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T15:55:25.133" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T15:55:25.133" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30654" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30611" CreationDate="2017-11-21T14:25:15.527" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are an awful lot of variables to consider here.  But here are some points all the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual Testing vs Automated Testing&lt;/strong&gt;  This point alone is probably worthy of a book and is one of the most frequent questions I see.  E.g. I'm new to a project, what should I automate?  Things to consider here are...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does take a long time to execute the manual test?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do I need to run this during every sprint?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is it viable to automate?  E.g. technically possible.  ROI in terms of time to automate and time to run manually.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the test is isolated or a small bug-fix test, then I might consider not running it every sprint.  There's probably little value in automating it too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If for example, we're testing a login screen which uses an API, then you'd think the manual tests to check as many eventualities as possible would be very time-consuming.  On the plus side, it's technically straightforward to automate. Once the basic test is automated, you can then consider turning this into a data driven test whereby your inputs and expected results would be a row in the spreadsheet.  This enables to test 1000's of combinations in very little time.  Plus, you can add further combinations in later sprints without having to modify the test itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reducing Manual Testing&lt;/strong&gt;  On previous agile projects, I would devise manual tests for each ticket assigned to me.  At the end of the sprint, I would then look through the manual tests to see what is worth automating.  I'd then automate and run my manual and automated tests in the next sprint as regression.  New items in this sprint would be tested manually, and then considered for automation at the end of that sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, new stuff, I'd manually test in that sprint.  For old stuff, I run the automated and manual tests as regression.  This results in the regression suite growing on a sprint by sprint basis.  Hopefully, there'd be enough automation opportunities that would save me test time to focus on those tests that I think need to remain as manual tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In a lot of posts I see on here, it's &lt;em&gt;almost as though people think&lt;/em&gt; manual tests are BAD and automated tests are GOOD.  IMHO, a good set of tests can and will probably include both.  Don't get obsessed with trying to automate everything to eliminate your manual tests.  Manual tests are still very valuable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Re we still have something which we are testing manually after few iterations then it is considered as a technical debt of testing by the project team standards&lt;/strong&gt;  My opinion here is that technical dept is more applicable to maintaining automated tests that are probably not robust enough for your needs.  Your automated tests should be reliable and robust.  I don't see manual tests as technical debt.  You may find yourself in a position where your manual tests are taking far too long to execute in a sprint, but I wouldn't ordinarily class them as a technical debt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;EDIT - Based on Niel's comments and the link to Technical Debt Quadrants, I can see how manual tests may incur technical debt.  That said, I'd still be wary of attempting to automate everything and seeing any manual tests as technical debt. &#xA;My approach would still be the same, automate those things that there is a benefit in automating.  Don't automate manual tests that may be too complex or time-consuming versus running the manual test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To sum up:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Look for automation opportunities, but don't try to automate&#xA;everything.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual tests have a place in your tests Review your tests&#xA;frequently to ensure you're not running needless tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't attempt to use a single tool for all tests.  Use a variety of tools instead.  I mean, you wouldn't use a screwdriver on a nail, you'd use a hammer.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T13:32:21.790" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T13:32:21.790" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30655" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30611" CreationDate="2017-11-21T17:06:32.353" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As you are in a situation where continuous delivery is used, it is &lt;strong&gt;imperative, that every step is automated&lt;/strong&gt;, in testing or otherwise. When there is a manual step you do not have CD.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to include the testing (automation) effort in your sprint planning. If automated tests cannot be completed in a sprint, the scope should be reduced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every manual effort is expended, every automated effort, on the other hand has an ROI and is an investment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you are agile, you should follow &quot;Individuals and interactions over processes and tools&quot; and make sure, your team discusses these issues in each sprint and acts accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10566" LastEditorUserId="10566" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T13:42:26.750" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T13:42:26.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30656" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30658" CreationDate="2017-11-21T17:27:59.383" Score="3" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;Which technologies, tools and methods in automated testing are considered current? Which are considered to be available for heavy production use in a year?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are there surveys about these things?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please provide links to surveys as well as links that discuss issues in more detail. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10566" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T23:27:47.387" Title="surveys about technologies, tools and methods in automated testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30657" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="465" CreationDate="2017-11-21T17:58:46.903" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While this question already has many great answers, I think times have changed a bit. In most of the cases, capture and replay indeed is a maintenance horror and a well-organized &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;page object&lt;/a&gt; structure combined with hand-crafted test scripts is much easier to handle in the long term.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, several approaches exist that leverage machine learning (ML) and other techniques to overcome the maintenance issue with capture and replay. For instance, &lt;a href=&quot;https://testim.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testim&lt;/a&gt; incorporates historical data to rank the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#locating-elements&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;locators&lt;/a&gt; for each element individually, which stabilizes the tests over time. That is, instead of using a single, hand-picked locator, the ML algorithm uses all of them and &quot;heals&quot; the script automatically. Another approach is done by &lt;a href=&quot;https://retest.de/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;retest&lt;/a&gt; (disclaimer: I'm a software engineer at retest). It captures the entire (visible) state of the system under test (SUT), which a) makes assertions needless and b) leaves vast amounts of data for component recognition (giving a &lt;a href=&quot;https://retest.de/en/for-testers/robust-tests.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;puzzle advantage&quot;&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, I'm not aware of similar open-source solutions, but I think it's just a matter of time until it's developed by the community for tools such as Selenium. The bottom line is that nowadays ML and other techniques can actually make capture and replay reliable. Nonetheless, it's rather the exception than the rule. Therefore, I would give the capture and replay tool a try (in isolation) and compare both solutions. If it's a traditional capture and replay tool, the test phase probably quickly shows that your OO solution is superior, especially in terms of maintenance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2017-11-21T21:10:38.640" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T21:10:38.640" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30656" CreationDate="2017-11-21T18:18:37.160" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Personally, I &lt;s&gt;like&lt;/s&gt; feel forced to read &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gartner.com/doc/3512920/magic-quadrant-software-test-automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Gartner's &quot;Magic Quadrant for Software Test Automation&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.forrester.com/report/The+Forrester+Wave+Modern+Application+Functional+Test+Automation+Tools+Q4+2016/-/E-RES123866&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Forrester's &quot;Modern Application Functional Test Automation Tools&quot;&lt;/a&gt; to somewhat &quot;keep up&quot; (don't purchase, just Google them…). You can also use &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Trends&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://insights.stackoverflow.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stack Overflow Insights&lt;/a&gt; (especially &lt;a href=&quot;https://insights.stackoverflow.com/trends&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Trends&lt;/a&gt;) to analyze/compare specific technologies, tools, and methods. Moreover, you often find interesting surveys on corresponding sites such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://stickyminds.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;StickyMinds&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://softwaretestingmagazine.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Software Testing Magazine&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2018-11-12T23:27:47.387" LastActivityDate="2018-11-12T23:27:47.387" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30659" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30611" CreationDate="2017-11-21T20:17:20.730" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends.  Part of me is concerned with the tone of the question, to be honest.  I'd be concerned that automated testing is being done to the detriment of manual testing, although some types of software would probably do OK with only automated testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, you absolutely should automate that which you can.  And some types of software development, and testing, are more suited for automation than other types.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the whole point of automation isn't the automation, it's to free up people to do things that only people can do, and some types of testing can only be done by people.  The further you get up the complexity stack, the harder things are going to be to automate, or to automatically determine the results of the testing.  If you're testing something that doesn't have much interaction with other components/products, you may be able to automate a lot of testing.  But the issue with automated testing is that it's very easy to groove your testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I work in a field where there's a huge amount of automation, and it's great, as long as nothing unexpected/unplanned for happens.  When something that wasn't planned for happens, you can have problems, because, well, who knows what will happen?  The automation may do the wrong thing, the automation may not notice the problem . . . &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyway, the point is that, potentially, manual testing is technical debt.  But automated testing for the sake of automated testing is also technical debt.  Only automate things that can safely be automated, and don't overlook things that can't be automated, but should still be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-11-21T20:17:20.730" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30660" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30755" CreationDate="2017-11-21T22:08:07.917" Score="5" ViewCount="311" Body="&lt;p&gt;Judging by the &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?q=test%20automation&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google trends on &quot;Test Automation&quot;&lt;/a&gt;, for the past 5 years the majority of interest in test automation was coming from locations like India and Sri Lanka. And, if you would look for &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=today%205-y&amp;amp;q=%2Fm%2F0c828v&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenium trends&lt;/a&gt; as well, you would notice that India is more than twice more interested in it than any other country.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the reasons these particular regions are vastly ahead of any other country when it comes to test automation popularity? Is it because testing and test automation have more tendencies to be outsourced than the other parts of the development cycle?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T01:04:10.463" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T08:51:08.030" Title="Test Automation popularity by region" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30663" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-11-22T10:22:43.870" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Visualize a typical working day of a QA resource in both situations in your current workplace structure &amp;amp; dynamics(because as per my experience every organisation is unique).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Like If there is a Generic QA team, how a QA person will work/interact on a typical day with multiple Product/Feature Teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T10:22:43.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30664" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-22T10:43:33.617" Score="2" ViewCount="1338" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using JMeter 3.3 to load test MongoDB 3.4. Because I want to simulate 10k near-parallel users I'm using the distributed mode of JMeter on 35 VMs. In addition I follow many of the performance-tips for JMeter include starting it in non-gui-mode using no Listeners, increasing heap-size etc. When I add more slaves to the JMeter-Cluster I get better performance-results from MongoDB. So it is obvious that the bottleneck is still JMeter. But somehow I have a strange feeling because the 35 VMs have 8 cpu-cores each and 28 GB RAM. Some more facts on my setup:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JMeter Thread Group: 286 Threads, Ramp-Up Period 15 seconds, loop count forever, duration 300 (so in addition on 35 machines there will be 10010 threads stressing the MongoDB approximately 5 minutes).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using the MongoDB Source Config. I know that it's deprecated but can't find an alternative... and a JSR223 Sampler with this groovy script:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import com.mongodb.*;&#xA;import org.apache.jmeter.protocol.mongodb.config.MongoDBHolder&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;&#xA;&#xA;int randomNumber = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(1, 50000001);&#xA;&#xA;DB db = MongoDBHolder.getDBFromSource(„whatever“, „inka“);&#xA;DBCollection collection = db.getCollection(„profiles“);&#xA;&#xA;BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject(„_id“, randomNumber);&#xA;DBObject result = collection.findOne(query);&#xA;&#xA;SampleResult.setResponseData(result.toString().getBytes());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So finally my question: does it seem plausible to you that 35 VMs still aren't enough? I appreciate any thought!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29199" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T07:43:36.903" Title="Load testing MongoDB with JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30665" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-11-22T10:44:41.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As there are multiple products, so there must be specific developer teams who are working on specific products. If there is still only a generic team, then it will be very tough to manage testing efficiently. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather merging corresponding developers and testers into specific product related teams as well as maintaining a separate generic QA team will be a better choice. The generic QA team will take care of the common modules and also can take part during requirement analysis and admin decisions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Otherwise QA team will be distorted, headless and there might rise a situation where tester community lacks a voice to stand before developers or admins!    &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T10:44:41.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30666" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30686" CreationDate="2017-11-22T10:52:56.473" Score="9" ViewCount="2379" Body="&lt;p&gt;When a new project starts in an organization, when does the testing role come in? Is it at the same time as the development stage, or later?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28858" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-07-22T23:38:14.327" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:16:50.030" Title="When does the testing phase start in a project" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;qa-process&gt;&lt;test-estimation&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30667" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30664" CreationDate="2017-11-22T11:07:37.867" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think 286 threads is kind of very low number given 8 cores and 28 gigabytes of RAM, my expectation is that you can mimic at least 10x more threads in total (&gt; 100 000)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Set up monitoring of CPU, RAM, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.yourkit.com/docs/kb/sizes.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JVM heap&lt;/a&gt;, disk and network on a single JMeter machine. You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter PerfMon Plugin&lt;/a&gt; if you don't have other telemetry tool in place. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Amend your test plan to kick off a very large number of users, say 10 000 would be a good starting point&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gradually&lt;/strong&gt; increase the load at the same time keeping an eye on the aforementioned metrics. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once you see that system is running out of any of resources or start swapping or errors start occurring - check how many users were online at this moment using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/ActiveThreadsOverTime/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Active Threads Over Time&lt;/a&gt; listener - this is how many you can run on a single host. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/what%E2%80%99s-the-max-number-of-users-you-can-test-on-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What’s the Max Number of Users You Can Test on JMeter?&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed explanation of the above steps if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T11:07:37.867" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30669" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-11-22T11:30:21.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My Opinion is single QA team for handling multiple products&#xA;Pros:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The product knowledge is scattered to all QA teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Domain knowledge is increased for all QA teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If absence of one tester then another tester will pick the job immediacy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Work will faster and efficient to handle any CR always bug fixes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Communication and knowledge-based are easy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testers can expose their product knowledge to development team  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T14:03:28.740" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T14:03:28.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30486" CreationDate="2017-11-22T12:02:44.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Below are few basic checklist for Progressive web apps Testing used    in the software testing companies:-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test/verify site is served over HTTPS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify all of pages design are responsive on tablets &amp;amp; mobile devices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ensure the app presents some content even when offline.Load various pages in the PWA with an airplane mode enabled.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Verify time to interactive should be  &amp;lt; 10s for first visit on a simulated 3G network i.e. First load should be fast even on 3G.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test site in Chrome, Edge, Firefox and Safari i.e. cross browser testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Page transitions within the apps should be faster on the network even on 3G.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ensure individual pages are deep linkable via the URLs and that URLs are unique for the purpose of shareability on social media by testing with individual pages can be opened and directly accessed via new browser windows.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T12:02:44.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30666" CreationDate="2017-11-22T12:29:31.373" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When a new project development starts in an organization when does the testing role come in?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It depends on the company, industry, development approach, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Two commonly referred to methods for development are Waterfall and Agile&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Waterfall you do the testing once the development of a feature is done.&#xA;In Agile you do the testing before* and during development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your situation the best course of action is usually a long detailed conversation with developers about what testing makes sense to cover the areas of Unit, Functional, User Acceptance and Exploratory testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;* by writing failing tests that will pass once the functionality has actually been created.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T12:30:05.587" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T12:30:05.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-11-22T12:45:14.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many companies are addressing this with a cross-functional approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automation Engineers ('testers') are co-located with developers and work in their respective scrum team.  Note that I use the terms &quot;Application Engineer&quot; and &quot;Automation Engineer&quot; to try and address the 2nd class citizen problem that Automation Engineers often experience  If there is more than one Automation Engineer then they may be considered a local quality group working within the app dev team&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The organization also will have a 'QA' department that the Automation Engineers also belong to.  This organization exists to hire, fire, train, educate, share testing knowledge and approaches&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Organizations may also have a separate 'personnel' manager who deals with reviews, performance reviews, professional growth and inter-personal issues&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T12:45:14.597" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30676" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-22T13:24:29.447" Score="2" ViewCount="503" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have this Ionic3 ion-menu (hidden left-side slide-out menu) which we have to swipe it open to the right so that it shows. On Chrome, with the click of the mouse, it can be easily done. But can't make it with Protractor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This is the Ionic ion-menu:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ion-menu id=&quot;menu1&quot; role=&quot;navigation&quot; side=&quot;left&quot; type=&quot;overlay&quot; class=&quot;menu-enabled show-menu&quot; ng-reflect-content=&quot;[object Object]&quot; ng-reflect-id=&quot;menu1&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/ion-menu&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/o41q3.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;print-screen of the ion-menu element&lt;/a&gt; on F12 tab of Chrome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I have tried so far:&lt;/strong&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var element_sideMenu1 = element(by.id('menu1'));&#xA;element_sideMenu1.click();  // Failed: element not visible&#xA;browser.wait(EC.elementToBeClickable(element_sideMenu1), 10000);   // Failed: Wait timed out after 10012ms&#xA;browser.driver.touchActions().tap(element_sideMenu1).perform();   // runs OK, nothing happens&#xA;browser.actions().mouseMove(element_sideMenu1).mouseDown().mouseMove({x:450, y:0}).mouseUp().perform();   // runs OK, nothing happens&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I tried this solution by @Boland here &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33209499/swipe-and-click-a-button-protractor&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33209499/swipe-and-click-a-button-protractor&lt;/a&gt;, no error but nothing happens.&#xA;Curiously after doing that if I try to click() on the element again I don't get the 'Failed: element not visible' any more and even wait() says the element is clickable (but still menu does not swipe open).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;element_sideMenu1.getLocation().then(location =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        var startLocation = {&#xA;          x: location.x,&#xA;          y: location.y&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        var newLocation = {&#xA;          x: startLocation.x + 500,&#xA;          y: startLocation.y&#xA;        };        &#xA;&#xA;browser.driver.touchActions().tapAndHold(startLocation).move(newLocation).perform();&#xA;})&#xA;&#xA;browser.wait(EC.elementToBeClickable(element_sideMenu1), 10000);   //  now runs OK, but still nothing happens&#xA;element_sideMenu1.click();   //  now runs OK, but still nothing happens&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Additional information:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  This is my spec.ts (TypeScript):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import { browser, element, by, ElementFinder, protractor} from 'protractor';&#xA;&#xA;var fs = require('fs');&#xA;var tc_Name = 'TC - ';&#xA;var output = './Output/';&#xA;var EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;&#xA;// elements&#xA;var element_title = element(by.css('ion-title.title.title-md'));&#xA;var element_close = element(by.id('ion-diagnostic-close'));&#xA;var element_sideMenu1 = element(by.id('menu1'));&#xA;var element_sideMenu2 = element(by.id('menu2'));&#xA;var element_drop = element(by.css('div.scroll-content')); &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;// Functions - Printscreen&#xA;function writeScreenShot(data, filename) {&#xA;  var stream = fs.createWriteStream(filename);&#xA;&#xA;  stream.write(new Buffer(data, 'base64'));&#xA;  stream.end();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;// SetUp&#xA;afterEach(function() {&#xA;  browser.takeScreenshot().then(function (png) {&#xA;    writeScreenShot(png, output + tc_Name+'.png');&#xA;  });&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;describe('App Home Screen', function() {&#xA;  browser.get('');&#xA;  browser.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    it('should have a title &quot;Medicos pesquisados&quot;', function() {&#xA;      expect(browser.getTitle()).toContain('Medicos pesquisados');&#xA;&#xA;      tc_Name = 'TC 01';&#xA;    });&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    it('should close if error', function() {  &#xA;      element_close.isPresent().then( present =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        if(present) {&#xA;          element_close.click();&#xA;        } else {&#xA;          console.log('error not present');&#xA;        }&#xA;      })&#xA;&#xA;      tc_Name = 'TC 02';&#xA;    })&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    it('should swipe open menu', function() {&#xA;      browser.debugger();&#xA;      // element_sideMenu1.click(); // Failed: element not visible&#xA;      // browser.wait(EC.elementToBeClickable(element_sideMenu1), 10000); // Failed: Wait timed out after 10012ms&#xA;&#xA;      element_sideMenu1.getLocation().then(location =&amp;gt; {&#xA;        var startLocation = {&#xA;          x: location.x,&#xA;          y: location.y&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        var newLocation = {&#xA;          x: startLocation.x + 500,&#xA;          y: startLocation.y&#xA;        };&#xA;&#xA;        console.log(startLocation);&#xA;        console.log(newLocation);&#xA;        browser.driver.touchActions().tapAndHold(startLocation).move(newLocation).perform();&#xA;      })&#xA;&#xA;    element_sideMenu1.click(); // runs OK now, nothing happens&#xA;    browser.wait(EC.elementToBeClickable(element_sideMenu1), 10000);  // runs OK now, nothing happens&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    // It all runs OK, nothing happens&#xA;    browser.driver.touchActions().tap(element_sideMenu1).perform();&#xA;    browser.actions().mouseMove({x:0, y:500}).mouseDown().mouseMove({x:500, y:0}).mouseUp().perform();&#xA;    browser.actions().mouseMove(element_sideMenu1).mouseDown().mouseMove({x:500, y:0}).perform(); &#xA;    browser.actions().mouseMove(element_sideMenu1).mouseDown().mouseMove(element_sideMenu2).perform(); &#xA;&#xA;    tc_Name = 'TC 03';&#xA;    browser.debugger();&#xA;    })&#xA;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my conf.js file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var SpecReporter = require('jasmine-spec-reporter').SpecReporter;&#xA;&#xA;exports.config = {&#xA;  allScriptsTimeout: 11000,&#xA;  specs: [&#xA;    './e2e/**/*.e2e-spec.ts'&#xA;  ],&#xA;&#xA;  allScriptsTimeout: 15000,&#xA;  capabilities: {&#xA;    'browserName': 'chrome'&#xA;  },&#xA;  directConnect: true,&#xA;  baseUrl: 'http://localhost:8100/',&#xA;  framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;  stackTrace: true,&#xA;&#xA;  jasmineNodeOpts: {&#xA;    showColors: true,&#xA;    defaultTimeoutInterval: 30000,&#xA;    print: function() {},&#xA;    includeStackTrace: true,&#xA;  },&#xA;&#xA;  useAllAngular2AppRoots: true,&#xA;  beforeLaunch: function() {&#xA;    require('ts-node').register({&#xA;      project: 'e2e'&#xA;    });&#xA;  },&#xA;&#xA;  onPrepare: function() {&#xA;    browser.ignoreSynchronization = true&#xA;    browser.waitForAngularEnabled(false)&#xA;    jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new SpecReporter());&#xA;  },&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ionic3 - CLI 3.13.2&#xA;Protractor - 5.1.2&#xA;Chrome - 62.0.3202.62 / 64 bits&#xA;Visual Studio Code - code in TypeScript  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Am I missing something? Have I done st wrong?&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I appreciate any help. Any clue?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26165" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:41:51.547" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:41:51.547" Title="Can't swipe open Ionic ion-menu with Protractor" Tags="&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30677" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30666" CreationDate="2017-11-22T16:00:14.777" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testers have a role in every phase of a project (be it waterfall, iterative, or full on agile):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project planning - ensuring proper consideration is given to procuring and setting up of test architecture, and for both testing and resolving faults found during testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requirements gathering/setting - testers can help ensure the requirements are described and recorded accurately (asking questions like &quot;When you say you need many Xs, can we quantify that?&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Development - ensuring there are frameworks/best practice for unit tests, integration tests etc&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testing - no comment needed&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deployment - Looking for faults caused by or during the deployment&#xA;Post deployment support - investigating live faults, ensuring they are logged correctly and understood so any fixes can be tested to ensure they work (oh and the testing of those fixes)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Post project reviews - looking for lessons that can be learned for the next project - especially with regard to improving the testing elements and tester involvement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29212" LastEditorUserId="10589" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T03:45:34.883" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T03:45:34.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30666" CreationDate="2017-11-22T16:06:36.400" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should first ask yourself what is &quot;testing&quot;. If you refer to manual/automated testing of the implementation then it cannot start before development or part of development is done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, referring to testing in such a way is rare nowadays. The Quality Assurance should already take place when the analysis/specification is being done and they should take an active part in every later stage (e.g. validating architecture, making sure that unit tests are written and running correctly).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QA people should make sure that the specification contains all the features requested by the customer/users and that there are no blind spots in the specification (e.g. a hidden sentence that will increase the development cost three times).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of the biggest problems in any development project is when development is done and you realize that what you have implemented is not actually what the client/users want and had paid for. In an agile project with continuous releases and verification by users, this can be discovered quickly but it can be still quite costly. In a waterfall project, this can bankrupt you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12419" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:16:50.030" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:16:50.030" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30679" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-22T18:12:14.333" Score="4" ViewCount="497" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I download a CSV file from a &lt;a href=&quot;http://qnimate.com/an-introduction-to-javascript-blobs-and-file-interface/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blob&lt;/a&gt; URL, the downloaded file always has a &quot;.tmp&quot; extension and wrong file name. When downloading the same file manually, the file extension and file name both are correct. Any pointers will be helpful&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29219" LastActivityDate="2018-03-08T20:28:22.510" Title="Selenium downloads tmp file instead of CSV file" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;csv-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30680" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30611" CreationDate="2017-11-22T18:19:50.863" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I worked on a team recently where a significant amount of the manual tester's time was spent writing test cases based on requirements. The requirements were in a BDD format, but the test cases were in more of 'traditional'/imperative format (ie. 1.login 2.go to the data object page by clicking on the link on the left . .. ) there was a significant amount of time spent just keeping this stuff organized, or dealing with the lack of organization. This, I felt, was time that could have been spent just automating the requirements directly. That's kinda the point of BDD, after all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also going to be moments where the engineer can test something manually before a release, and then never test that particular change again, such as tiny bugs or removed features. There's no reason to save those test cases with the list of stuff that may or may not be automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another strategy is to make sure that the tests (automated and manual) focus on high priority features. The end users should be able to login, for example, but there may be features that are primarily used by internal users that don't have to be tested all time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMO, software development is getting faster, more reliable, and users are bit more forgiving of wee little bugs if they love the product. Features, once written and deployed to production, don't suddenly sprout bugs from other feature changes like they used to. I would encourage manual test engineers (or engineers who are doing manual testing before automating) to focus efforts on 'what is the product manager and developer forgetting that is going to inadvertently destroy us?','What should be a priority for on-going automated regression?', and 'What might have to change in our current regression to keep it up-to-date with our requirements?' The goal is to get to the point where you can trust your regression suite to come back with failures that are actual, deploy-delaying bugs, so your greatest manual QA efforts are focused on the absolute latest features and releases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might find that 'breadth not depth' mantra can help with that. User Acceptance Tests should absolutely cover Create Read Edit Delete and Login. They don't have to cover 'header is blue and big, hint is small and grey.' The unit tests should cover the 100 permutations of stuff we can put in this input, and your user acceptance tests should use selenium to make sure Mr. Graybeard in the corner office can load the page and print his TPS report. They tend to run slower, but when Bob calls about his missing report, Automated UAT is great for figuring out where the feature went wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23512" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T18:19:50.863" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30681" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30611" CreationDate="2017-11-22T18:41:13.853" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My take on what you are saying is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;too busy to automate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;too hard to automate within the sprint&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;insufficient belief / attention / people to do automation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Put more effort into convincing people of the value of testing.  This is a massive topic so I can't dive into tons of detail here.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Time your testing.  Do 1 pass of really thorough, intense testing of all the combinations you'd like to test and find how long it takes.  Now do the basic math: how log it takes X how often you do it... per year.  Once you have this figure you can make the case of how much time and money you will save.  You will need to include the 'take time to write the automation' in this estimate.  Recognize that some testing can take longer than the app code.  In some cases much longer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Push for smaller stories and break things down more so that you &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; include testing with the app code.  This is not always easy but with effort I have seen it be successful.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-11-22T19:46:18.267" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T19:46:18.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30682" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-11-22T19:14:22.207" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I've experienced so far is that QA ends up being a little like a consultancy. We're attached to product teams and work closely with them, developing specific product knowledge and automated tests. When we meet, it's to compare notes on teams, skills and tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience, attempting to treat QA engineering as one department of interchangeable engineers where everyone is cross-trained on everything just burns everyone out and leads to insufficient testing. And there's a bit of a fallacy in thinking that because one engineer is out, another could test just as efficiently in his or her place. Having 'back-up' qa engineers just means that another person has to be trained and completely up-to-date on a product, in addition to whatever product or products they are normally on. It might be cheaper in the long run to just say &quot;we only have one qa engineer on this product, plan accordingly.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23512" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T19:14:22.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30683" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-22T19:17:35.133" Score="2" ViewCount="4992" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a working solution, but I am hoping there is a better way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In automating a website, there are many places where a spinner is shown to tell the user that a process is running. The div is added and removed from the DOM as needed; as opposed to a class change or setting display:none.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I first starting automating I had a simple wait for the element to no longer be there: numberOfElementsToBe equal to 0. But I kept having timing issues where it took too long for the spinner to appear so the code would assume everything was done, continue on, and fail because the page was not ready yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To combat this, I added a try/catch to first look/wait for the spinner to appear for 2 seconds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;        quickWait.until(ExpectedConditions.numberOfElementsToBeMoreThan(By.className(identifier), 0));&#xA;    } catch (Exception e) {&#xA;        //Nope&#xA;    }&#xA;    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.numberOfElementsToBe(By.className(identifier), 0));&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way, I catch all situations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Normal - Wait for spinner, it shows up normally, then wait for it&#xA;to go away &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Slow - Wait for spinner, it takes a second to show up but&#xA;is still caught by the first wait, and then wait for it to go away&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fast - Wait for spinner, but the operation was so fast that the spinner has already come and gone. So the code waits for the spinner for two seconds and doesn't see it, so it falls to the catch which does nothing, and then waits for the spinner to go away (which it already has) so immediately continues on.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All this is fine except for all the &quot;fast&quot; situations. Since the wait fails, it keeps throwing a WARNING in the console log. This makes diagnosing issues a pain as I have to wade through a bunch of warnings trying to find the real issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't want to turn off all warnings as there could be important info in other areas. So does anyone have any suggestions/alternate methods for handling &quot;wait for situation to exist/wait for it to stop&quot; situations that wouldn't throw out a ton of useless warnings?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE #1&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;The timing of the spinner is variable. Sometimes it's so quick it is barely a flicker on the screen, and other times it takes a second to even show on the screen. The tests can not be so brittle that a mistimed spinner causes it to fail. It is only used as a signal that the results are available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The warning happens during runtime, so using @SuppressWarnings() is not an option&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;As stated, I don't want to universally suppress all warnings so &quot;just turning them off&quot; will not work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24646" LastEditorUserId="24646" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T17:45:08.357" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T22:45:05.730" Title="Looking for a better way to wait for an element to appear and disappear" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30684" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-22T21:16:46.867" Score="0" ViewCount="2389" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am stuck with jasmine.&#xA;I read/youtubed/googled but seems like I am on the wrong track.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is what I have so far. I've used protractor --elementExplorer to pull items from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.angular.io&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.angular.io&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt; element.all(by.css('.nav-link')).getText()&#xA;[ '', 'FEATURES', 'DOCS', 'RESOURCES', 'EVENTS', 'BLOG' ]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import { ElementFinder, browser, by, element } from 'protractor';&#xA;&#xA;describe('angulario homepage verify list', function () { //Suite in Jasmine&#xA;    it('should check top 5 link buttons', function () { // Test in Jasmine&#xA;        browser.get('https://angular.io'); // Entering application url in browser&#xA;        element.all(by.css('.nav-link')).getText()); {&#xA;            //expect statement goes here&#xA;        });&#xA;    });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;i am trying to ensure 5 links on the center top are present and it appears the elementExplorer return an Array... How do i use it to create my locator and expect statements?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29178" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T16:41:42.803" LastActivityDate="2019-12-03T19:10:22.183" Title="Please help with simple test case in jasmine" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30666" CreationDate="2017-11-22T23:10:25.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;When a new project starts in an organization, when does the testing role come in?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It definitely depends. Often too late if you ask me. In my world the ideal timing is right at the start of the project. The earlier the better. There might not be a lot of hours spent early but they can be very valuable. The testing role can help in making the requirements testable. The role will also allow preparing the test environment in time. An experienced test leader may be able to forecast that testing will cost, as an example, say, 10% of development hours and 10% of calendar time. This will allow the project to work backwards to find the critical milestones. Incidentally, this is true both for waterfall and agile development, at least in my experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are examples where creating the test environment and preparing for tests takes more resources than the actual implementation, example may be outer space probes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are, as well, projects without next to no testing done at all. In my experience this is not a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28053" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T23:10:25.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30686" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30666" CreationDate="2017-11-22T23:26:24.317" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I lean toward involving Test from the beginning.  When building something, if you don't support ways of testing it from the beginning, you end up having to rip it up and add that later.  This hurts the company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's discuss &quot;testing&quot;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a developer, I consider test to be essential feedback, many &lt;em&gt;kinds&lt;/em&gt; of tests to be important, and the Test department an essential ally in keeping the results of mistakes, poor assumptions, miscommunications etc. from making it out the door to customers.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I consider some areas to be the developer's responsibility, and some areas to best be done by someone independent, with a different mind-set and set of skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Developer's responsibility and tools:  inside the edit / compile / debug loop&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't ever tell me developers shouldn't (or don't) do test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When using a syntax-highlighting editor:  it examines the source code and provides immediate feedback to tell me whether e.g. my syntax is correct.  Is this not &quot;testing&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When compiling and linking:  the compiler and linker perform highly complex and detailed processing of the code and returns pass/warning/error results in addition to the binaries.  Is this not &quot;testing&quot;?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I use TDD / unit testing, essentially a customized extension of the compiler's code checking.  I would MUCH rather write a second set of programs (unit tests), that help automate testing and debugging, than repeatedly manually step through the code by hand to debug it by hand.  TDD is also much more productive and better use of my time than repeated manual testing.  It remembers how to test something after I haven't touched that code for six months (or the original developer has moved on).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Best done by others:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Manual exploratory testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Usability testing.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem is:  I know exactly how the system should work - and will tend to politely give it only the expected inputs.  I may not e.g. pound on the keyboard, skip configuration settings, enter commands too fast, enter foreign characters, enter 257-character names, click and drag a large document to an input field...  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I build things, and my time is limited.  I need someone else to help try to break them, in ways I did not expect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23616" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:16:17.053" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:16:17.053" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30687" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1743" CreationDate="2017-11-22T23:31:12.723" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to add one point that has helped me in the past. It is about responsibilities in this kind of situation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my mind, it is not the tester that is responsible for creating quality. It is the developers that should create quality by writing good code. They should be able to not only believe but also show that they have created units that work. And that the units work together. The tester in this kind of situation really should only be doing a last inspection step, either accepting or failing the end result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, a tester can help the developers in various ways. But, to my mind, it is important to not take away the responsibilities from the developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an example from a software product that where supposed to be distributed by IBM. The firm sent the product including documentation to the IBM test lab. The result coming back was &quot;We have found too many errors and will not continue with more tests&quot;. When the company asked what errors the lab had found, the answer was &quot;We will not tell you, because then you will only fix those errors and not all the other error that are bound to be there&quot;. This is of course extreme, but might serve as an illustration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28053" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T23:31:12.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30688" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29897" CreationDate="2017-11-22T23:48:51.730" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some reflections here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Firstly, this sounds mostly like a cooperation and communications problem. In a situation like this I would sit down with the business team and carefully listen to how they perceive the situation you are in. What are their expectations and how can you as a QA and tester help in fulfilling them. Maybe they are willing to wait longer or pay more for correct software instead of earlier and less expensive but buggy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, it is not you that is creating the software. I would sit down with the developers and delimit the responsibilities. It is the developers that is writing the code and it is their responsibility to write good code. What you can do QA is to make them aware of this fact. The acceptance test phase is not there to find bugs, it is there to stop a product if earlier parts of the process has failed and allowed bugs to be created. There really should be no bugs to find (or you should at least say so ) .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can help the developers in fulfilling their responsibilities by doing automated test, regression testing and so on. You can teach them various techniques and tools to help in getting quality built in from the start. But it is still their responsibility to find and correct the bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28053" LastActivityDate="2017-11-22T23:48:51.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30689" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29897" CreationDate="2017-11-23T00:07:36.313" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ask them if they support preventing bugs like happening in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If they do, say that you would like to do this - prevent bugs, increase quality and have less issues encountered by users -  by doing smarter testing earlier and more often.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Provide them with examples of unit, functional, integrated and exploratory testing and talk about how each area can help prevent bugs from happening by catching them during the full development process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T00:07:36.313" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30690" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30696" CreationDate="2017-11-23T03:12:54.763" Score="0" ViewCount="2884" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to pass values that generated in one thread group into another thread group?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex:-Random 10 numbers generating in my 1st thread group i want to pass that generated 10 numbers to my second and third thread groups.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24460" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T07:11:45.907" Title="Passing values between Thread Groups in JMeter" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30691" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-23T04:53:18.040" Score="1" ViewCount="156" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a few doubts about Automation Testing at each testing level, These question is being asked in an interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Level:-&#xA;1. Unit Testing &#xA;2. Integration Testing&#xA;3. System Testing &#xA;4. User Acceptance Testing&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I have a few questions like:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Q-1. Is Automation Testing possible at every level of the testing?  &#xA;Q-2. How will Automation Testing be different at all Software Testing Level? &#xA;Q-3. What are the benefits of the Automation Testing at each level?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to deal with these questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T05:50:26.833" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:20:11.043" Title="How will automation testing be different at all Software Testing Level?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;qa-developer&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30692" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30691" CreationDate="2017-11-23T07:37:34.773" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there are options to automate all the levels of testing you refer to here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unit, Integration, and System testing can all be automated as part of the build process.  In fact I'd be worried if automatic unit testing wasn't part of the build as a fundamental element.&#xA;Integration and System testing are both open to automation (and preferably are) - use of API tests for example. &#xA;All three of these levels should ideally be part of the standard development of the system, there are multiple tools and frameworks for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;User acceptance testing can have a degree of automation - automated UI tests are entirely possible, using Selenium for example, however there is a big caveat on this one.&#xA;Too heavy reliance on automated UI tests risks a product that meets all the business requirements on paper, but is a total PITA to use.&#xA;I've seen LinkedIn as being quoted as a good example of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For everything up to UI testing, everything should be as automated as possible (with just code reviews/pair programming used as a non-automated form of checking/testing).&#xA;At the UI level, a limited number of automated tests are useful for regression testing, but not for testing of new features or looking at useability and UX elements of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29212" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T07:37:34.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30693" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29897" CreationDate="2017-11-23T07:51:41.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This sounds like there is a need to change perceptions here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The initial reaction of the tester should be to thank them for finding the fault, after all its in everyone's interest to ensure the best quality produce reaches the customers/users. And this can help to instil the idea that regardless of your job title, everyone is responsible for quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you need to ensure both that a) the fault is suitably logged for resolution and b) that a root cause analysis is carried out to find out how the fault reached their level.&#xA;And be open about showing the results of those analyses and if there's a need to improve your processes ensure you both admit this and fix it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the same time, you need to ask for their support in ensuring any root causes that are not part of your processes are picked up and resolved - is it developer processes (lack of unit tests/integration tests), is it in the requirements definitions and documentation, is it that business requirements have changed since they were documented and this hasn't been included in those documents?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whatever it is, you need to be positive about any fault being an opportunity to improve things so that the faults /everyone/ miss and reach the customer (because they will be there) are as inconsequential as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29212" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T07:51:41.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30696" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30690" CreationDate="2017-11-23T09:42:53.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depending on what you're trying to achieve:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 1st Thread Group you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__setProperty&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__setProperty() function&lt;/a&gt; to set some value. In 2nd Thread Group you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__P&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__P() function&lt;/a&gt; to refer the value, set in the 1st Thread Group&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7O38R.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7O38R.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Pass Values Between Thread Groups&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/knit-one-pearl-two-how-use-variables-different-thread-groups&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Knit One Pearl Two: How to Use Variables in Different Thread Groups&lt;/a&gt; article for more detailed explanation if you need it. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you need not only to pass the values, but set up some form of synchronization - go for &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/InterThreadCommunication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inter-Thread Communication Plugin&lt;/a&gt; which is capable of passing values between JMeter threads (even residing in different Thread Groups) via some form of FIFO queue. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can install the plugin using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PluginsManager/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T09:42:53.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30698" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12431" CreationDate="2017-11-23T11:05:26.750" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could give mochawesome a try which you can find here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/adamgruber/mochawesome&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/adamgruber/mochawesome&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I just tested it, really awesome results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29232" LastEditorUserId="29232" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T11:12:45.537" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T11:12:45.537" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30699" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30666" CreationDate="2017-11-23T11:11:54.757" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;During the intake of the project I would like to have someone of each expertise group present, so also someone with a software quality and testing background. So my answer to your question is: &lt;strong&gt;At the start of the project identification phase&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/testfirst.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-first&lt;/a&gt; seems to be a common practises now a days, so you need someone with the ability to teach/coach testing practises from the start of your project anyways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How many hands you need for manual testing should depend on the project type, but for most common business projects I would try to automate your testing as much as possible from the start, as I think &lt;a href=&quot;https://continuousdelivery.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;continously delivery&lt;/a&gt; greatly enhances the feedback cycle in finding the most valuable features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing no longer means testing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Confused? We can imagine! The purpose of testing used to be fairly&#xA;  clear–“Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent&#xA;  of finding errors” [Meyers79]. This changes when adopting agile and&#xA;  lean development.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Concurrent engineering necessitates parallelizing work. Dedicated&#xA;  cross-functional teams encourage single-specialists to broaden their&#xA;  expertise. These cause the purpose of conventional development&#xA;  activities–such as test–to shift.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Read more at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://less.works/less/technical-excellence/thinking-about-testing.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T11:27:15.637" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T11:27:15.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30702" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-23T14:05:32.513" Score="4" ViewCount="397" Body="&lt;p&gt;We are starting from scratch on how to get better visibility of how and what our software suppliers are actually testing and the governance around that process. Would welcome any input or examples of what has worked. No point in reinventing the wheel&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29237" LastActivityDate="2018-05-30T13:38:19.173" Title="Managing quality of Supplier testing" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30703" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17634" CreationDate="2017-11-23T14:06:16.223" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an IEEE standard for formal software inspections etc, which is a special form of reviews: IEEE Standard for Software Reviews and Audits, IEEE Std. 1028-2008&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, there is a definition of &quot;code review&quot; and &quot;change-based code review&quot; in the scientific paper &quot;A Faceted Classification Scheme for Change-Based Industrial Code Review Processes&quot; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/QRS.2016.19&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/QRS.2016.19&lt;/a&gt; or alternatively &lt;a href=&quot;http://tobias-baum.de/rp/classification.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://tobias-baum.de/rp/classification.pdf&lt;/a&gt;). This definition fits current industrial practices much better than the IEEE one. Caveat: I'm one of the authors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29238" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T14:06:16.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30704" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-23T14:30:33.073" Score="3" ViewCount="170" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been given the task of refactoring some legacy code, the main reason is to add unit tests (but I'm a firm believer that testable code is better code, so we're trying to reduce technical debt too). The current code is a &lt;em&gt;big&lt;/em&gt; mess, there's a handfull of classes, one is 6000 lines, and has methods 300 lines long etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First thing I've been doing is splitting out data access for mocking, that's a nice independent thing. However, I've noticed that these classes, buy their nature, tend to have one 'entry' point, say a single method &lt;code&gt;ProcessData&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Theoretically this could be the only public method. But I definately want to test these methods independently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class DataProcessor {&#xA;&#xA;    public void ProcessData(...) {&#xA;        // this is the 'enty point'&#xA;        if (IsAlreadyProcessed())&#xA;            return;&#xA;&#xA;        for (...) {&#xA;             ProcessSubData(...)&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void ProcessSubData(...) {&#xA;        if (IsDataTypeA)&#xA;            ProcessWithMethodA(...);&#xA;        else if (IsDataTypeB)&#xA;            ProcessWithMethodB(...);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public bool IsAlreadyProcessed(...) {&#xA;        // do some complex stuff here I want to test&#xA;        ...&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void ProcessWithMethodA(...) {&#xA;        // something I definately want to test separately&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public void ProcessWithMethodB(...) {&#xA;        // something I definately want to test separately&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing the 'root' method will be tricky, and involve some very hefty mock objects given the scope of all it's doing. Ideally I want to test the other methods, then just test that &lt;code&gt;ProcessData&lt;/code&gt; calls them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Basically, it has a dependency on itself - should I inject a mock version of &lt;code&gt;DataProcessor&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;into itself&lt;/em&gt; so I can test only sections of it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other option would be to split out the other Process methods into a separate class, and have that mockable and injectable into the &lt;code&gt;DataProcessor&lt;/code&gt; - but to do this for each 'level' that these methods call each other would require a few or more extra classes that only exist to explode it out so it can be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18155" LastEditorUserId="18155" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T14:42:03.693" LastActivityDate="2019-12-25T21:01:55.280" Title="Testing internal dependencies - inject a mock of itself, or refactor into new class?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30705" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30684" CreationDate="2017-11-23T16:40:22.070" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may just use &lt;code&gt;expect()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;toEqual()&lt;/code&gt; matcher:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;browser.get('https://angular.io'); &#xA;expect(element.all(by.css('.nav-link')).getText()).toEqual([&#xA;    '', 'FEATURES', 'DOCS', 'RESOURCES', 'EVENTS', 'BLOG' &#xA;]);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T16:40:22.070" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30707" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30648" CreationDate="2017-11-23T18:19:50.103" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes you are on the right track. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use HttpClient. HttpPost to be exact.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can initialize the token as a static String outside the Post to authentication service method then run the Post to auth request. &#xA;When you extract the token from the response that comes from the auth request, save it as the as the static String you had initialized above. Once that token gets stored, then you can call the token for the email service or any other service at test if they share the token. If they don’t share the token then you basically follow the same steps above per service. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29027" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-23T19:35:58.997" LastActivityDate="2017-11-23T19:35:58.997" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30709" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30718" CreationDate="2017-11-24T06:37:27.513" Score="1" ViewCount="660" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to automation testing and decided to use Tumblr as my subject. I'm having trouble making the options appear, see image attached, and don't know what else to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Nmlug.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Nmlug.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;The code I'm currently trying to run it to is: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@class='dropdown-area icon_arrow_carrot_down']&quot;).click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've also tried &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;find_element_by_class_name &#xA;find_element_by_class_id &#xA;implicitly wait &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;still get the same error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the error I'm getting.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Traceback (most recent call last): &lt;br&gt;   &lt;br&gt; File&#xA;  &quot;C:\Users\pmevangelista\eclipse-workspace\Pytest\python1\PySel.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 37, in  &#xA;      driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//*[@class='dropdown-area icon_arrow_carrot_down']&quot;).click() &lt;br&gt;   &lt;br&gt; File&#xA;  &quot;C:\Users\pmevangelista\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 365, in find_element_by_xpath &#xA;      return self.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value=xpath)  &lt;br&gt; File &quot;C:\Users\pmevangelista\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 855, in find_element&#xA;      'value': value})['value']    &lt;br&gt; File &quot;C:\Users\pmevangelista\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 308, in execute&#xA;      self.error_handler.check_response(response)  &lt;br&gt; File &quot;C:\Users\pmevangelista\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py&quot;,&#xA;  line 194, in check_response&#xA;      raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: no such&#xA;  element: Unable to locate element:&#xA;  {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;//*[@class='dropdown-area&#xA;  icon_arrow_carrot_down']&quot;}   (Session info: chrome=62.0.3202.94)&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.33.506120&#xA;  (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f),platform=Windows NT&#xA;  6.1.7601 SP1 x86_64)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29247" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-11-24T15:50:47.817" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T16:09:17.457" Title="Selenium Python" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30712" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30702" CreationDate="2017-11-24T09:39:34.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a common practice.  Many customers audit their suppliers processes and quality standards.  Though this is usually done whilst selecting suppliers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been on both sides of the fence where the team I am working have audited a supplier and the company I've worked for has been audited.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When this has happened to me, I've been expected to demonstrate that I adhere to my company's quality procedures.  I maintain my tests in a controlled fashion and the tests offer value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not unreasonable to ask what tests your supplier runs.  You expect to see developers continually running unit tests.  You would also expect that you supplier has tested before releasing to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of reducing testing effort on your part, my opinion is that you should still test the software and the users should run UAT.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your supplier will be focused on system tests, whereas your organisation ought to test and the users are concerned with making sure the software meets their business needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, one of the projects I am working now, the vendor tests the software and share the tests.  I have written my own functional tests whereby I check each option works.  By this point, the expectation is that during UAT, our users will not suffer from frustrating crashes, broken links etc.  This leaves them to focus on solely making sure the software meets their needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Where software is bug-ridden and/or crashes a lot, you find they very quickly lose interest and can disengage.  This happens as users have to stop doing their 'day job' to run UAT and when they make time, they get frustrated when things don't work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T09:39:34.177" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30713" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17634" CreationDate="2017-11-24T11:30:42.560" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is worth to have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Google Testing Blog&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;They post different blogs how Test and Quality are handled at Google and part of it is related to &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/search/label/Code%20Health&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Code Health and Code Review&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T11:30:42.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30714" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30691" CreationDate="2017-11-24T11:39:13.240" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have a look at &lt;a href=&quot;http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Microservice testing by M.Fowler&lt;/a&gt;. It is valid for non Microservice architecture too and gives good idea about different layers of testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13048" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T11:39:13.240" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30717" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12431" CreationDate="2017-11-24T15:49:15.857" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose Allure reporter also integrates with Mocha tests. You can take a look at allure-mocha for more information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I haven't used it though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T15:49:15.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30718" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30709" CreationDate="2017-11-24T16:09:17.457" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think at least one of the problems is that there are more class values on this element and you are checking only part of the class which leads to the element not found error. This element looks this way on my end (see that &lt;code&gt;pinned-target&lt;/code&gt; part you've missed):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;dropdown-area icon_arrow_carrot_down pinned-target&quot; data-js-clickablesavedropdown=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would instead use a &lt;em&gt;CSS selector&lt;/em&gt; which is more concise and deals with multi-valued attributes like &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; much easier. One possible way to locate the element would be to use the preceding &lt;code&gt;Post&lt;/code&gt; button:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;button.create_post_button + .dropdown-area&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, the parent &quot;save post&quot; container:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;.post-form--save-button .dropdown-area&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that to make things more reliable and to eliminate one other possible reason for the error, add an &lt;a href=&quot;http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/waits.html#explicit-waits&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Explicit Wait&lt;/a&gt; for presence, visibility or clickability of the element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;driver = webdriver.Firefox()&#xA;driver.get(&quot;url&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)&#xA;dropdown = wait.until(&#xA;    EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, &quot;.post-form--save-button .dropdown-area&quot;))&#xA;)&#xA;dropdown.click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-11-24T16:09:17.457" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30720" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30721" CreationDate="2017-11-25T05:08:47.333" Score="6" ViewCount="101" Body="&lt;p&gt;This was inspired by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.obeythetestinggoat.com/speeding-up-django-unit-tests-with-sqlite-keepdb-and-devshm.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Speeding up Django unit tests with SQLite, keepdb and /dev/shm&lt;/a&gt; article that demonstrates how switching from PostgreSQL to an in memory SQLite helps to speed up testing during the development phase. But, the article warns the readers to make sure on the CI there is a real database used:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But I'm only advocating this for use in development! Ultimately,&#xA;  Postgres or whichever database you're using will behave differently&#xA;  from SQLite. Django does a good job of abstracting away 90% of those&#xA;  differences, &lt;em&gt;but that still leaves plenty of strange edge case&#xA;  behaviours to do with default values, ordering and transactions that&#xA;  can easily trip you up&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, I am curious, what are these possible edge cases, what can potentially go wrong if one would continue to use SQLite for testing on a CI server as well? Is there any evidence or existing historical examples of this kind of issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:08:48.760" Title="Using a different database engine for testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;database&gt;&lt;sql&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30721" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30720" CreationDate="2017-11-25T05:31:28.523" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a little out of date using sqllite but data types and stored procedures come to mind as feature gaps between sqllite and something like PostgreSQL. Beyond features, configuration settings (ex: threads in sqllite) could cause further irritation while trying to speed up your tests if used incorrectly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More generally though, you should understand that what you're proposing moves you further away from how your app stack (and data) works in production. Each of these differences can be a challenge to the determinism and usefulness of the tests you write and the results they produce (or even for manual testing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:08:48.760" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:08:48.760" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30722" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30660" CreationDate="2017-11-25T20:00:53.410" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wouldn't conclude that because there seems a lot of interest in certain countries that &lt;em&gt;therefore&lt;/em&gt; they are ahead in the field itself. Looking at the quality of many questions on automation here and elsewhere also gives the impression people in certain areas are busy, or starting, with the subject. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In some cases, that I know of, the idea that automation is &lt;em&gt;better&lt;/em&gt; and thus &lt;em&gt;cheaper&lt;/em&gt; drives companies into that direction. Based on the assumption that a lot of outsourcing is done to those countries you could argue that that might be the reason there is more interest in automation. But to be honest: I have no hard data to substantiate that....&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T20:00:53.410" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30723" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30704" CreationDate="2017-11-25T20:55:39.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Apparently, you have a case of violation of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.toptal.com/software/single-responsibility-principle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Single Responsibility Principle&lt;/a&gt;, because an object (since one cannot test a class) of the type DataProcessor  requires multiple setups for different operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a fairly common state in legacy spaghetti code. Fowler's book &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0201485672&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Refactoring&lt;/a&gt; may help you in this task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Besides that, I'd add the suggestion to go slowly - breaking only the necessary to make the next step. This way, you will starting to guess where you can abstract and speed up your coding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Injecting a DataProcessor object would make it more complex (testing != production, requiring adding a or multiple if-else).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-11-25T20:55:39.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30724" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30274" CreationDate="2017-11-26T02:36:21.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suggest you to take a look at current market trends and get some idea from usage statistics of over your mobile app customers. This will give the best answer for your problem. Then you will get the information about most-used devices, and operating systems. So, you can plan your testing environment based on customer demand. In this way, you decide the of importance of the problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And you may check the cloud services for specific combinations for browser&amp;amp;os&amp;amp;device below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.browserstack.com/local-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.browserstack.com/local-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://saucelabs.com/automated_testing/cloud-mobile-app-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://saucelabs.com/automated_testing/cloud-mobile-app-testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/aws-device-farm-test-mobile-apps-on-real-devices/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/aws-device-farm-test-mobile-apps-on-real-devices/&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27646" LastEditorUserId="27646" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T15:55:09.633" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T15:55:09.633" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30725" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29161" CreationDate="2017-11-26T02:40:09.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Check &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/aerokube/selenoid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;selenoid&lt;/a&gt; framework. You don't need to show drivers for different browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27646" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T02:40:09.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30726" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30660" CreationDate="2017-11-26T12:04:04.740" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From there if you switch to test automation trends in India, you will see 1st and 2nd places respectively Karnataka -&gt; Bangalore and Telangana -&gt; Hyderabad both are popular IT hubs of India.&#xA;So the thing is that in India the number of IT graduates or wanna be IT people are more out of them there are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;People who want to get job on software testing and they want to add automation as their added advantage to land in a job&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;People who want to get a job as software Developer and they want to add automation as their added advantage because here many start-ups to level-3 companies expect the same resource to develop and test( or don't need to test).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And many more people want to learn software test automation for several reasons like kickstart IT career or add additional skill etc.. I remember one day I am switching tv channels suddenly one swamiji who is giving answers to bhakts on various questions on a TV show on phone line, on caller's question that when he will get job as per astrology readings and horoscope, swamiji told that caller to learn selenium so that he will get a job as he done his bachelor's in technology and not getting any job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the craze test automation have got in recent years in India.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So for all of them one good resource to learn test automation is Internet through Google. And in India, there is the 4G star &quot;JIO&quot; which provided Free data plans for first 6 months after launch (sep 2016)  and cheapest plans after that, which made every other operator to drop their prices to 1/4th of previous prices. Even broadband connections become cheap over the years. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even so much of content developed by experts and made them available over internet so that they will get some more money&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Factors like these brought the popularity to test automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18340" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-11-29T12:38:11.667" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T12:38:11.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30727" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18496" CreationDate="2017-11-26T22:14:07.527" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I disagree about the usefullness of the object repository in Selenium WebDriver test automation projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, using object repositories in Selenium projects is a bad practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object repository concept comes from record-and-playback tools such as QTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object repository is a tree-like structure that is created while recording a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has attributes for each element of the page used in the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium does not have any record-and-play feature for test automation (Selenium IDE is not an automation tool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using object repositories in Selenium projects (as property or csv or xml files) has many disadvantages such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;since each locator is a line in a text file, it is impossible to open the declaration of the locator in the IDE (using F3 or Open Declaration)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;page object classes with no locator variables break the class encapsulation principle (methods of a class should execute on variables of a class)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;object repositories do not scale well for big pages; since big pages are bad and should be broken down in small pages, should we not have object repositories for each page widget?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;object repositories do not work with page factory&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more about the disadvantages on &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@alexsiminiuc3/dont-use-object-repositories-with-selenium-webdriver-ad14096528e5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this medium.com article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29273" LastEditorUserId="18186" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T11:44:48.883" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T11:44:48.883" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30728" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8776" CreationDate="2017-11-26T22:17:52.160" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct approach is to &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;have the locators in each page object class as By variables or &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;use page factory which declares the web elements and their locators together&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, using object repositories in Selenium projects is a bad practice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object repository concept comes from record-and-playback tools such as QTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The object repository is a tree-like structure that is created while recording a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It has attributes for each element of the page used in the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium does not have any record-and-play feature for test automation (Selenium IDE is not an automation tool).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using object repositories in Selenium projects (as property or csv or xml files) has many disadvantages such as&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;since each locator is a line in a text file, it is impossible to open the declaration of the locator in the IDE (using F3 or Open Declaration)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;page object classes with no locator variables break the class encapsulation principle (methods of a class should execute on variables of a class)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;object repositories do not scale well for big pages; since big pages are bad and should be broken down in small pages, should we not have object repositories for each page widget?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;object repositories do not work with page factory&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more about the disadvantages on this medium.com article:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@alexsiminiuc3/dont-use-object-repositories-with-selenium-webdriver-ad14096528e5&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://medium.com/@alexsiminiuc3/dont-use-object-repositories-with-selenium-webdriver-ad14096528e5&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29273" LastActivityDate="2017-11-26T22:17:52.160" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30729" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8776" CreationDate="2017-11-27T00:15:59.750" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The reason we do this is twofold:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To DRY up multiple references so that when one locator changes there are not other ones to have to (try) and remember to update&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;To name the parts and make specs readable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For me its all about the second point.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Here's an example that shows how it makes the spec more readable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def fill_out_ssn_and_confirm_ssn p&#xA;  fill_in p.ssn_first_three, with: '123'&#xA;  fill_in p.ssn_middle_two, with: '00'&#xA;  fill_in p.ssn_last_four, with: '0000'&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PageObject file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;...&#xA;dob_year: 'BO_DOB3'&#xA;ssn_first_three: 'BO_SSN1_mask'&#xA;ssn_middle_two: 'BO_SSN2_mask'&#xA;ssn_last_four: 'BO_SSN3_mask'&#xA;continue: 'button#Continue'&#xA;...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can also be helpful to share objects at a:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;page level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;workflow level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;application level&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;depending on the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for how see:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/30606/8992&quot;&gt;Canonical way to define page objects/locators in big enterprise level automation projects?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T00:23:52.957" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T00:23:52.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30730" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30648" CreationDate="2017-11-27T06:11:25.273" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most convenient way would be using a specialised framework for API testing, you can consider &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RestAssured&lt;/a&gt; if you don't have any better alternatives. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Extracting response header would be as simple as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Response response = get(&quot;/your/url&quot;);&#xA;String rcAuthToken = response.getHeader(&quot;rcAuthToken&quot;); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/wiki/Usage#headers-cookies-status-etc&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RestAssured: Headers, cookies, status etc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/restful-api-testing-using-serenity-and-rest-assured-a-guide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RESTful API Testing Using Serenity and REST Assured - A Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T06:11:25.273" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30731" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31509" CreationDate="2017-11-27T10:27:48.870" Score="7" ViewCount="20862" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Robot Framework, there is a keyword &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Ignore Error&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From the manual:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Runs the given keyword with the given arguments and ignores possible&#xA;  error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This keyword returns two values, so that the first is either 'PASS' or&#xA;  'FAIL', depending on the status of the executed keyword. The second&#xA;  value is either the return value of the keyword or the received error&#xA;  message. See &lt;em&gt;Run Keyword And Return Status&lt;/em&gt;. If you are only interested&#xA;  in the execution status.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The keyword name and arguments work as in &lt;em&gt;Run Keyword&lt;/em&gt;. See &lt;em&gt;Run Keyword&#xA;  If&lt;/em&gt; for a usage example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In which situations is this keyword useful? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I want to continue my test after a failed keyword, I use &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Continue On Failure&lt;/code&gt;, in this case I can see in the test report that there was a failed keyword in the test (I don't see it using &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Ignore Error&lt;/code&gt;). If I need a status of the executed keyword (and want to continue my test if this keyword failed), I use &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Return Status&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what are the cases which cannot be covered with either &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Continue On Failure&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Return Status&lt;/code&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15347" LastEditorUserId="15347" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T09:53:38.450" LastActivityDate="2021-01-07T12:46:58.300" Title="&quot;Run Keyword And Ignore Error&quot; - what is it useful for?" Tags="&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30732" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30410" CreationDate="2017-11-27T11:57:30.433" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/Selenium2Library/Selenium2Library.html#Input%20Text&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Input Text&lt;/a&gt; Keyword definition&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Input Text  locator, text   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Types the given text into text field identified by locator.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your as per it you need to pass the locator and text to the Input Text keyword, so in your above code you need to pass argument for text as you are using locator in the same file, You need to refactor resource.robot file as below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;resource.robot&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;*** Settings ***&#xA;Library  Selenium2Library&#xA;Library    BuiltIn    &#xA;&#xA;*** Variables ***&#xA;${BROWSER} =  gc&#xA;${URL} =  https://www.linkedin.com/&#xA;${FIRST_NAME} =  xpath=//*[@id=&quot;reg-firstname&quot;]&#xA;${LAST_NAME} =  xpath=//*[@id=&quot;reg-lastname&quot;]&#xA;${PHONE_NUMBER} =  xpath=//*[@id=&quot;reg-email&quot;]&#xA;${PASSWORD} =  xpath=//*[@id=&quot;reg-password&quot;] &#xA;&#xA;*** Keywords ***&#xA; FIRST_NAME&#xA;    [Arguments]    ${TEST_DATA}&#xA;    Input Text    ${FIRST_NAME}    ${TEST_DATA}&#xA;&#xA; LAST_NAME&#xA;    [Arguments]    ${TEST_DATA}&#xA;    Input Text     ${LAST_NAME}    ${TEST_DATA}&#xA;&#xA; PHONE_NUMBER&#xA;     [Arguments]    ${TEST_DATA}&#xA;    Input Text    ${PHONE_NUMBER}    ${TEST_DATA}   &#xA;&#xA; PASSWORD&#xA;     [Arguments]    ${TEST_DATA}&#xA;    Input Text    ${PASSWORD}    ${TEST_DATA}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T11:57:30.433" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30734" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30735" CreationDate="2017-11-27T12:24:39.640" Score="31" ViewCount="10998" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please don't burn me for this simple question. I know, it may be very simple but for me it's complicated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;A Good Test&quot; or &quot;A Bad Test&quot; - every tester comes across these two terms. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes it becomes very difficult to figure out for an experienced tester whether it's a good test or a bad test. So here I have a very simple question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What's the difference between a &lt;em&gt;good test&lt;/em&gt; and a &lt;em&gt;bad test&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="27536" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T11:26:18.120" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T13:50:43.703" Title="What's the difference between a good test and a bad test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="15" CommentCount="9" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30735" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-27T13:03:27.437" Score="34" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many factors that decide whether a test is &quot;good&quot; or &quot;bad&quot; (useful or not) - some examples are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test is more likely to be good if it surfaces new information about the performance of the software&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The happy path tests you do when you're exploring new functionality become much less good once that functionality is stable, but can be useful to use for regression checking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests for throwaway software (such as proof of concept apps) will probably be less useful than tests for software that is planned to be deployed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests for high-risk scenarios (that is, with a high chance of occurring and a large impact if they happen) are likely to be more useful than test for low-risk scenarios.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A regression test is more likely to be good if it covers core functionality or functionality in the 20% of the software that is used by 80% of users.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test is more likely to be useful if it echoes user behavior (just don't forget to include malicious users in that criteria).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test is more likely to be useful if it covers parts of the application that aren't covered by other tests. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beyond the general principles, there really aren't any &quot;hard&quot; rules. Modern software is often responsive and non-deterministic in that you can only predict behavior for small subsets of the total functionality (Because the full behavior set approaches infinite). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An experienced tester will look at how the software is used, the problems it is solving and the people it is solving them for, and test accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T13:03:27.437" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30736" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29617" CreationDate="2017-11-27T13:10:20.413" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is mandatory that the DataProvider returns the same number of arguments that the method expects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is in line with &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters-dataproviders&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG documentation&lt;/a&gt; regarding DataProvider return types:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An array of array of objects (&lt;code&gt;Object[][]&lt;/code&gt;) where the first dimension's&#xA;  size is the number of times the test method will be invoked and the&#xA;  second dimension size contains an array of objects that must be&#xA;  compatible with the parameter types of the test method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The message &quot;Data provider mismatch&quot; might be misleading, as indicated by &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cbeust/testng/issues/1031&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this discussion on TestNG GitHub site&lt;/a&gt;, but the basic idea is that the number of elements in the particular array of objects does not match the method signature.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This can be fixed by making sure any blank values in test data are still added to the Object array, for example, as &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt; values (if &lt;code&gt;null&lt;/code&gt; values are expected by the test method for the &quot;optional&quot; parameters).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T13:10:20.413" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30737" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-27T13:59:50.557" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As to me a good test is a test that catches errors and does not produce false positive or false negative results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T13:59:50.557" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30740" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-27T15:17:37.363" Score="28" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great question.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every test has a value and a cost.  Its &lt;em&gt;value&lt;/em&gt; is its ability to reduce risk.  Here are some ways that a test can be valuable:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Impact&lt;/strong&gt;.  Detecting high-impact bugs is more valuable than detecting low-impact bugs, which is more valuable than not detecting any bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diagnostic value&lt;/strong&gt;.  A test that narrows down the cause of a bug is more valuable than a test that just reports &lt;code&gt;&quot;something went wrong&quot;.&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Consistency&lt;/strong&gt;.  A test that yields consistent results is more valuable than one that is inconsistent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Success rate&lt;/strong&gt;.  A test that detects bugs that actually occur is more valuable than a test that detects bugs that have never happened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are some ways that a test can be expensive:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resource-intensive&lt;/strong&gt;. A test that requires a lot of compute-resource, or a lot of money, is more expensive than one that does not.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Time-intensive&lt;/strong&gt;.  A long-running test is more expensive that a short-running test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fragile&lt;/strong&gt;.  A test that requires a lot of maintenance is more expensive than a test you never have to update.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you know the value and cost of a test, you can judge its goodness.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test with high value and low cost is a great test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test with low value and high cost is a bad test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test with high value and high cost is just ok.  For example, a Selenium test that covers the entire user interface but requires a lot of maintenance might be just ok.  You might turn it into a better test by rewriting the test (or the UI) so that the test is less fragile.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A test with low value and low cost is just ok.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This exercise is hard because value and cost change over time.  Some testers recommend reviewing test suites  periodically to remove or rewrite bad tests.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T15:13:09.833" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T15:13:09.833" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30741" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-27T15:25:28.470" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Good tests fail on bugs in one unit they are written for. They are not impacted by bugs in other units. These other units have they own tests. Good tests are also not as fragile as less good tests that may take significant effort to keep up to date as the legitimate behavior develops. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bad tests are often better than no tests at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16333" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T15:25:28.470" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30742" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-27T15:29:50.550" Score="2" ViewCount="42" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am running the selenium scripts in batches and getting failures, but if I run the test cases individually they pass. All the test cases are supposedly independent of each other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29282" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T15:52:59.773" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T15:47:00.380" Title="How make to get tests to pass reliably when run together as a suite?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30743" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12552" CreationDate="2017-11-27T15:30:48.473" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As noted in &lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#listeners-testng-xml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TestNG documentation&lt;/a&gt;, this behavior is indeed as expected:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Note that the &lt;code&gt;@Listeners&lt;/code&gt; annotation will apply to your entire suite&#xA;  file, just as if you had specified it in a &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt; file. If you&#xA;  want to restrict its scope (for example, only running on the current&#xA;  class), the code in your listener could first check the test method&#xA;  that's about to run and decide what to do then.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It then goes on to describe an example (see the above link).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an additional example of this approach, the listener could implement &lt;code&gt;IInvokedMethodListener&lt;/code&gt; and add some attribute of the test result to indicate that it applies to the specific test method.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the following example, I add a &lt;code&gt;Boolean&lt;/code&gt; attribute to the test result, which can be used in other methods that have access to the result object to check whether any work should be done by the listener:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class TestListener2 implements IInvokedMethodListener, ITestListener {&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public void beforeInvocation(IInvokedMethod iInvokedMethod, ITestResult iTestResult) {&#xA;        ConstructorOrMethod consOrMethod = iInvokedMethod.getTestMethod().getConstructorOrMethod();&#xA;        Listeners listeners = consOrMethod.getMethod().getDeclaringClass().getAnnotation(Listeners.class);&#xA;        List&amp;lt;Class&amp;lt;? extends org.testng.ITestNGListener&amp;gt;&amp;gt; listenerList = (listeners != null &amp;amp;&amp;amp; listeners.value() != null) ? Arrays.asList(listeners.value()) : null;&#xA;        Boolean valid = false;&#xA;        if (listenerList != null) {&#xA;            for (Class&amp;lt;?&amp;gt; listenerClass : listenerList) {&#xA;                if (listenerClass.getName().equals(this.getClass().getName())) {&#xA;                    valid = true;&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        iTestResult.setAttribute(this.getClass().getName(), valid);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    @Override&#xA;    public void onTestSuccess(ITestResult result) {&#xA;        if ((Boolean)result.getAttribute(this.getClass().getName())) {&#xA;            // Do the work&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T15:30:48.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30744" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30742" CreationDate="2017-11-27T15:51:38.290" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This usually indicates that you either have dependencies between tests or you have data storage that doesn't get reset and affects other tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Work to make sure that tests are completely independent from each other and use a database that gets reset between tests.  Initially this will seem hard/impossible but with enough effort it is achievable and wonderful.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="14324" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T15:47:00.380" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T15:47:00.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30745" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30312" CreationDate="2017-11-27T16:09:34.240" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Correct Chrome blocks flash by default starting with Chrome 62&#xA;see &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/chrome/a/answer/7084871?hl=en&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://support.google.com/chrome/a/answer/7084871?hl=en&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This worked for me in Chrome 62, its a combination of answers already provided here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();&#xA;    Map&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt; prefs = new HashMap&amp;lt;String, Object&amp;gt;();&#xA;    prefs.put(&quot;profile.default_content_setting_values.plugins&quot;, 1);&#xA;    prefs.put(&quot;profile.content_settings.plugin_whitelist.adobe-flash-player&quot;, 1);&#xA;    prefs.put(&quot;profile.content_settings.exceptions.plugins.*,*.per_resource.adobe-flash-player&quot;, 1);&#xA;    // Enable Flash for this site&#xA;    prefs.put(&quot;PluginsAllowedForUrls&quot;, &quot;https://arlo.netgear.com&quot;);&#xA;    options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;prefs&quot;, prefs);  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Doc: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chromium.org/administrators/policy-list-3#PluginsAllowedForUrls&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.chromium.org/administrators/policy-list-3#PluginsAllowedForUrls&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29284" LastEditorUserId="29284" LastEditDate="2017-11-27T16:20:40.260" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T16:20:40.260" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30747" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30764" CreationDate="2017-11-27T16:15:36.147" Score="6" ViewCount="839" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our company, we think that some of the key skills for a tester are the attention to detail and observation skills, these are some of the major things we are looking for in the interviews.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of questions can be asked in an interview to detect if a candidate possesses this kind of skills? What are some of the &quot;red flags&quot; that might indicate a lack or weakness in this area? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T12:49:03.697" LastActivityDate="2018-05-23T11:32:39.573" Title="Detecting observation skills during an interview" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30748" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27066" CreationDate="2017-11-27T16:25:45.190" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;The problem seems to be in the declaration and usage of the variable &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt;. Although there is a &lt;strong&gt;class-scope&lt;/strong&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt;, the &lt;code&gt;Login()&lt;/code&gt; method stores the created &lt;code&gt;WebDriver&lt;/code&gt; object in a &lt;strong&gt;method-scope&lt;/strong&gt; variable. This means, that the class-scope variable &lt;code&gt;driver&lt;/code&gt; is never set, resulting in NullPointerException when it is referenced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To fix this, change the beginning of the &lt;code&gt;Login()&lt;/code&gt; method:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//Launch Browser&#xA;driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T16:25:45.190" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30750" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-27T17:26:34.680" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Automated or Manual/Explorative Tests?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A good automated test&lt;/strong&gt;, often a unit test, is a piece of software. To be a good test, it must be programmed well -- readable, maintainable, reasonably bug-free, fast enough to run it often.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people argue that a good test makes few or no assumptions about the internal working of the &lt;em&gt;system under test&lt;/em&gt; (often a class) and only test public methods, but few classes function in complete isolation. In order to provide mocks, the tester has to understand how the methods work. The automated test should cover the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_by_contract&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contract&lt;/a&gt; of the &lt;em&gt;system under test&lt;/em&gt; and a reasonable selection of the paths through the methods. Covering all of them is usually too expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A good test automation engineer&lt;/strong&gt; has the training and mindset to look at the code and to select the data which provides a good enough coverage. Many programmers who are told &amp;quot;write tests for your classes&amp;quot; simply bring unit test coverage to 100% -- each instruction executed at least once.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A good manual test&lt;/strong&gt; makes good use of (expensive) human labor. It covers the most critical parts of the system from a business viewpoint, and it uses the professional judgement of the tester.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance, I found writing automated test for &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responsive_web_design&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;responsive web design&lt;/a&gt; impractical. So instead I made a note that we need a manual test, &amp;quot;call the site on all test devices and resize the browser window where applicable. &lt;em&gt;Decide if it looks acceptable, otherwise document the device and settings.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;quot; And some poor schmuck got paid to do it. But not with every release, because that would be too expensive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good manual test tests many things at once. Where an automated test might log an user in and then close the browser, and the next test might log another user in and out and then close the browser, the manual test would cover login and logout as part of some other test case which requires a logged-in user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T17:26:34.680" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30751" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30660" CreationDate="2017-11-27T17:57:06.707" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;One of the answers here already covered India. I would like to add another region here. The North Indian IT Hub . &lt;strong&gt;Pune&lt;/strong&gt; in Maharashtra. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Testing Trend:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Pune has an abundant of IT and Manufacturing Companies . Speaking for IT services company, Testing tools like &quot;Selenium&quot; , &quot;Appium&quot;, &quot;Cucumber&quot; and very much in demand. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test Scripting languages:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The favorite is Python . Everybody wants to work with it . There are a lot Automation tools supporting Python nowadays like selenium , Squish. Python jobs are coming up everyday in heaps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Statistically speaking , Javascript is still the king. A simple statistical study from jobs that tag skills , proves this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manufacturing Industries:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the advent of embedded devices, even industries want good testers and Pune has got a lot of brands that demand good testing candidates. And the skills they are looking for are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python , Device Protocols like CAN , Profibus. &#xA;Testing modules like unittest, Pytest (For python).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Banks:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Banks are the best package providers for the right candidate. A fitting tester needs to be a mix of a lot of skills (Jack of many). A few are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SQL, Python , Java, ORACLE, PL-SQL, and DEVOPS tools.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's cut throat competition. No one needs a master of all here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29285" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T17:57:06.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30754" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30683" CreationDate="2017-11-27T19:26:56.773" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't really see, why you need to wait for the spinner to appear. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should have a certain latency in which the spinner element for sure appears.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore my suggestion would be to just wait for this latency time (let's say 200 milliseconds), before you wait for the spinner to disappear (if it's still present).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That way you also test the performance requirement, that the spinner has to always appear within 200 milliseconds (or less).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29289" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T19:26:56.773" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30755" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30660" CreationDate="2017-11-27T20:14:30.927" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;No matter what the term is, there are several factors going into the relative popularity of a search term, particularly something like test automation or selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How active the job market is in that area vs other areas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How international the job market is for that particular aspect of software testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How tempting the area is for outsourcing by multinational organizations for that aspect of software testing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How test automation as a job compares to other jobs in the area - if it's a prestige employment option in an area it's going to be more popular.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;India - and to an extent Sri Lanka - has an active technology market, a growing economy, low costs to multinational organizations relative to their likely base regions (Europe and North America mostly), and the last I heard test automation was a relatively prestigious career option (that is, considered highly skilled and well paid) in that area. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Those factors are going to make test automation a more popular search option in India than it is in somewhere that doesn't have all these factors. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The fact that when I checked New Zealand is in the top 5 suggests that the trends are using a per-capita measurement so that India's population isn't overwhelming other data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So the really short version? It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T20:14:30.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30756" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30611" CreationDate="2017-11-27T20:27:48.953" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, when the lack of automated regression in a delivery pipeline becomes technical debt, you have exactly one option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Treat automated regression tests as code and sprint on them the same way you sprint on new features and bug fixes.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What that comes down to is that if your team(s) didn't set this up at the start, you will have to either waste time retesting things you shouldn't need to retest or spend extra catch-up time building the automated regression in.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since even in a continuous integration pipeline it's difficult to build UI automation (to be avoided as much as possible) or high level integration tests (for API end points) until the feature is coded, it's not uncommon to schedule automation of a feature to run a sprint behind development of that feature - but it still needs to be part of the scheduling.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion would be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify test areas that are automation candidates during manual testing. These become the automated regression user stories for the next sprint.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify tests that should &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; be automated. These are going to be the core of a lightweight manual regression that should be run only if that part of the system is changed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Until automated regression is running no more than 2 sprints behind initial development, &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; team members spend between 1/2 and 2/3 their sprint time on catching up the automation (you can take it to 100% but this means no new development or bug fixes).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Once automated regression is caught up, between 1/3 and 1/2 the sprint time goes to maintaining and adding new features to the automated regression.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is of course the ideal world. I've had to struggle to get a tiny fraction of this in every testing position I've held - which is where my final piece of advice comes from: &lt;strong&gt;If you don't take the time to do it right, you will be forced to take the time to do it over.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T20:27:48.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30757" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-27T21:01:02.427" Score="3" ViewCount="652" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, we are using Azure for hosting our web and db. During high load testing of 10k virtual users, we found a tcp connection bottleneck when we reach 3200 users even if we are using multiple servers (and we have adjusted this from two S3 to four S1 instances), and we assume that recaptcha is our bottleneck. We are using the recapthca v2 with test keys. During the tests, we found out that for each user, the recaptcha has 9 HTTP calls, 7 GET and 2 POST.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are testing a page composed of a form containing a recaptcha control, which we are expecting to have the most hits. We are also expecting as high as 50k users simultaneously using our page on the initial few days. So my question is, is including Google's Recaptcha in a high load test feasible?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29290" LastEditorUserId="29290" LastEditDate="2017-12-05T23:02:12.210" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T23:02:12.210" Title="Is it feasible to include Google's ReCaptcha in high load testing" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30758" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-27T23:11:15.950" Score="3" ViewCount="3439" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a table of data that loads rows 50 at a time. If you scroll to the bottom, lazy loading triggers and 50 more rows show. Currently my test for this scrolls to the bottom of the page and a while loop waits for there to be more rows. I am happy with this but I want to do more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my lazy loading there is a spinning wheel and a message &quot;Fetching, more rows...&quot;. Ideally I would be able to check for this message but the elements only show for a split second then disappears as the rows are loaded. What is the best way to attempt this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the HTML that contains the message I am looking for but not sure exactly what to do with it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;style type=&quot;text/css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    #loading { display: block; visibility: visible; opacity: 1; position: &#xA;    absolute; z-index: 100; top: 53px; left: 50%; background-color: fafafa; &#xA;    text-align: center; font-size: 2em; height: 900px; width: 1200px; &#xA;    background-position: center 240px; background-repeat: no-repeat; &#xA;    background-image: url(......); margin: 0 -600px; padding: 190px 0; }&#xA;    #loading:before { content: 'Loading...'; } .col-next &#xA;    #loading:before { content: 'Fetching more rows, please stand by...'; } .col-next &#xA;    #loading[data-range-end]:before { content: 'Fetching rows &#xA;    from ' attr(data-range-end); }&#xA;&amp;lt;/style&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;style type=&quot;text/css&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    #loading { visibility: hidden; opacity: 0; transition: opacity 1s, &#xA;    visibility 1s linear 1s; }&#xA;&amp;lt;/style&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastEditorUserId="24907" LastEditDate="2017-12-01T16:58:56.810" LastActivityDate="2018-06-26T06:12:05.100" Title="How to Assert That Lazy Loading is Working" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30759" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-27T23:57:25.477" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;An automated test is an impediment to change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good test is a test that only fails on breaking/undesirable change: broken feature, regression, something that a user would consider a bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A bad test fails on random or desirable change: randomly, whenever someone refactors the code with no behavior change, when the environment it is executed in changes, when a new feature is introduced, etc.&#xA;Too many bad tests means that development wastes time fixing tests any time they want to get anything done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other practical aspects to consider: how fast does the test run, and how much data does it give about the origin of the failure (which change triggered the breakage) - but in my opinion they're secondary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10973" LastActivityDate="2017-11-27T23:57:25.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30760" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-28T01:29:48.870" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good test produces information whose value outweighs the cost of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T01:29:48.870" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30761" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-28T04:36:48.433" Score="4" ViewCount="268" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any test framework which supports android games? I have used UiAutomator2.0 for GUI automation test, but for some games, it is unable to capture screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29117" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T06:05:32.500" LastActivityDate="2020-07-10T06:07:29.670" Title="GUI Automation testing framework for android games" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;android&gt;&lt;gui&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30762" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30761" CreationDate="2017-11-28T05:34:08.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;GUI Automation for Android game I would suggest SeeTest Tool, You can use 30 days limited free &lt;a href=&quot;https://experitest.com/mobile-test-automation/seetest-automation/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;trial&lt;/a&gt;. Its having own Record and Play feature and Inbuilt UIAutomator for locating elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T05:34:08.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30763" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-28T05:40:13.523" Score="0" ViewCount="474" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having problem understanding the syntax of how to switch between windows. The standard syntax is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; stringHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;for (String handle:stringHandles)&#xA;{driver.switchTo().window(handle)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, I think that it will only work, if the first element in the Set is a the primary window. If so,in for loop it will first switch to itself and only then to the secondary window. Am I right so far? Also, I see that if the first element in the Set is the secondary window, then it will switch to secondary and then it will go back to the primary window.Thus, the syntax above is imperfect and to make sure that we switch to the secondary window, we need to store the value of the primary window and then insert a condition that the handle of the window than we want is not equal to the value of the original window. Am I right in my reasoning?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19398" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T04:19:17.813" Title="switching windows in Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30764" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30747" CreationDate="2017-11-28T05:43:16.283" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Great Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my experience, it's very difficult to get a right employee who has very good judgment, sharp focus, attention &amp;amp; great observation skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Earlier it was very difficult to filter right candidate but our team come with some solution for that We made some minor changes in our interview process as follows:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now before conducting F2F interview We give some Android/iOS application's &amp;amp; instruction sheet to the candidate and ask to perform any type of testing(functional, GUI, Usability, Security....etc ) &amp;amp; find any kind of the bug based on this instruction. We give around 1 hour time to the candidate to find bugs as much as He/she can find. If the candidate is able to find even a single bug then we go for next round F2F interview otherwise we don't proceed with the candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This small change saves a lot of time of our working employee &amp;amp; it helps us to figure out these basic qualities of the candidate like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Judgement Capability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decision making capability (Bug or not)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attention to details (Instruction sheet)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Efficiency of the candidate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on random application (Layman approach)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flexibility with the situation &amp;amp; work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Observation of the random application....&amp;amp; much more&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in the F2F interview, we start to ask the question-related to AUT we ask about his experience about that hour and Other skill sets (In resume) And try to judge the above properties in a good candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say that it is a standard procedure but its help us a lot to filter out a very good candidate from crowed, for our work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T06:26:41.930" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T06:26:41.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30765" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30763" CreationDate="2017-11-28T05:57:45.823" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes You are right. You need to store the value of the primary window and then insert a condition that the handle of the window is not equal to the value of the original window. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code Snippet&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    // Storing parent window reference into a String Variable  &#xA;    String Parent_Window = driver.getWindowHandle();&#xA;&#xA;    //Collecting all the windows into a Set variable (as each window is unique)    &#xA;    Set &amp;lt;String&amp;gt; stringHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();&#xA;&#xA;    for (String handle:stringHandles)&#xA;    {&#xA;       // Verifying current window is not equal to original window and switching to the window&#xA;       if (handle != Parent_Window)&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.switchTo().window(handle)&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-11-29T04:19:17.813" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T04:19:17.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30766" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28661" CreationDate="2017-11-28T10:27:35.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3552218/android-create-avd-size-on-windows-command-prompt&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;android create avd -n Ev o4G -t 9 -c 8000MB -s 480-800&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/studio/run/emulator-commandline.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://developer.android.com/studio/run/emulator-commandline.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18750" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T10:27:35.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30767" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-28T12:53:53.880" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Characteristics of good tests are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Behavior&lt;/strong&gt;: They test behavior &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2013/08/testing-on-toilet-test-behavior-not.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;not implementation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Understandable&lt;/strong&gt;: When they fail you understand why they fail. The name is a description that helps when the test fails. Same goes for error/assert messages. A good failing test explains why it fails so non developers/testers can understand it as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One thing&lt;/strong&gt;: A good test tests one thing, behaviour, use-case or unit. Not multiple. This is not the same as one assert, multiple asserts can test one thing.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Independent&lt;/strong&gt;: A good test can be run on its own, making if it easier/faster to verify it has been fixed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fast&lt;/strong&gt;: They are fast to execute.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Readable&lt;/strong&gt;: They are short enough so it easy to spot what it tests, structured in a clear way. Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/GivenWhenThen.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GivenWhenThen&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?ArrangeActAssert&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;AAA-pattern&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maintainable&lt;/strong&gt;: They need minimal updating when the application under test changes. You should not hate your tests.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Documentation&lt;/strong&gt;: They can be used as a form of documentation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No-flickering&lt;/strong&gt;: They never fail for the wrong reason, e.g. it is repeatable.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bad tests do the opposite of good tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think these things count for manual as well as automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T12:59:29.083" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T12:59:29.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30769" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30758" CreationDate="2017-11-28T14:36:58.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMHO showing or hiding a spinning wheel does not necessarily mean that the loading feature works correctly. Its more a cosmetic thing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would count the number of loaded rows before the check, then scroll the page down and wait until more rows are shown (if more rows are not shown in a certain threshold I would throw an error that could be handled by a testing framework). Then I would check if the number of newly loaded rows corresponds to the expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To fetch number of rows you need to be aware of your table structure and build corresponding xpath query.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="27679" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T14:42:48.923" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T14:42:48.923" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30771" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-28T15:00:09.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To me a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;bad&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; test is any 'test' that has no value what so ever. &#xA;Any other test or check you can perform that has value, e.g. provides useful information is a &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;good&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt; test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And whether your test is useful depends on context. I can think of all kinds of very useful tests that are totally meaningless in a different context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T15:00:09.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30772" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30683" CreationDate="2017-11-28T19:03:20.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Have you tried changing the default polling time interval (default is 500 milliseconds) to something much shorter to catch those &quot;fast&quot; situations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;wait.pollingEvery(100,TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).until(ExpectedConditions...)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29318" LastEditorUserId="29318" LastEditDate="2017-11-28T22:45:05.730" LastActivityDate="2017-11-28T22:45:05.730" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30775" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15133" CreationDate="2017-11-29T01:42:58.840" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;From a UX perspective usernames should NEVER be case sensitive.  The marginal gains against brute force attacks do not offset the added UX complexity to the point where a developer cannot QA against the possible mistakes a user can make.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Case in point is the reason that I even searched for and found this discussion thread.  I am working with Axis cameras which like many IP cameras is basically an embedded web server.  These devices allow for multiple accounts one of which we create for our service folks.  Out of typing habit I accidentally created a number of these accounts with an initial cap.  I received no warning that usernames are case sensitive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the service person could not login I realized that they use the all lowercase version of the username.  No problem, I think, just an annoyance.  But when I try to delete the &quot;Username&quot; and create the &quot;username&quot; I am met with a user already exists error even though the user is not actually listed.  I can add a user with the case sensitive version just fine but to add the lower case version I have to reset the device back to factory defaults to clear out the bad entry in the user table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For this and many other reasons, Windows usernames are case insensitive and this is why ALL COTS usernames should be case insensitive.  If your requirements specify case sensitive users or do not specify user case sensitivity at all, then your requirements are likely wrong and professionally speaking, speak up.  If there is a clear justification for a locally developed solution to have case sensitive usernames then be prepared to significant additional testing and user support costs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Fortunately I only did this on 10 cameras and not all 2000 so I only have a few hours of extra work and service gaps on the 10 cameras that need defaulting but I could just as easily have used the vendor tools to create the capital Username and then I would be having to default our entire plant.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is NO real upside to case sensitive usernames that I can see and some huge downsides with regard to additional bug testing and user dissatisfaction when the inevitable bugs hit the windshield of life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29326" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T01:42:58.840" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30777" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30660" CreationDate="2017-11-29T08:52:10.950" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think that we have to be very careful in taking this data because as specified in the documentation when you select &lt;code&gt;terms&lt;/code&gt; it does not consider &quot;misspellings, spelling variations, synonyms, plural or singular versions&quot; or translation in other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you compare for example &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?q=unit%20testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;unit testing&quot; as terms&lt;/a&gt; , with &lt;a href=&quot;https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?q=%2Fm%2F01ghwy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;unit testing&quot; as topic&lt;/a&gt; ... the result are totally different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with terms the first 5 country are &quot;most english language&quot; (Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Singapore, Ireland)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;with Topic : (China, Estonia, Denmark, Israel, Ireland)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curiosity &quot;Ireland&quot; is the only one included in both cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29335" LastEditorUserId="29335" LastEditDate="2017-11-29T09:39:08.047" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T09:39:08.047" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30778" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-29T09:36:47.357" Score="-1" ViewCount="610" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to Post a status in FB using selenium. But i am not able to correctly locate the Edit status text and getting NoSuchElementException.&#xA;I have tried different xpaths, which are correct too but still i am getting the same exception. &#xA;Please help&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20836" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T13:13:17.853" Title="Capturing the xpath/locator of the Edit Status in Facebook" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30779" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30778" CreationDate="2017-11-29T13:01:22.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me, the checklist in a case when Selenium reports that an element is not found is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the correct page fully loaded in the browser window, driven by Selenium?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is the page in the expected state (e.g. user is logged in)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does the XPath expression work on the particular page from a manual browser instance?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a side note: to manually determine if an XPath expression is correct, it can be verified in the browser's console (opened with &lt;code&gt;Ctrl+Shift+I&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;F12&lt;/code&gt;), utilising Javascript libraries, which may already be provided by the page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On Facebook, I tested it like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x('&amp;lt;my xpath&amp;gt;')&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In case the XPath is correct, it returns the found element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To find the button for posting status, The following XPath worked for me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@data-testid='activity-sprout']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which was verified in browser, when I executed in console the following command:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$x(&quot;//div[@data-testid='activity-sprout']&quot;)[0].click()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastEditorUserId="8058" LastEditDate="2017-11-29T13:13:17.853" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T13:13:17.853" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30781" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30784" CreationDate="2017-11-29T14:41:51.083" Score="6" ViewCount="241" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a test that is making sure that all elements are visible on a page, my question is should I have 18 separate test cases or just one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example, which is better&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;let baseURL = Cypress.env(&quot;BASEURL&quot;)&#xA;beforeEach(() =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    cy.visit(baseURL + '/creditApp/index')&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;it('be.visible firstName when user visits credit app', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    cy.get(CreditAppPage.firstNameID).should('be.visible')&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;it('be.visible lastName when user visits credit app', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    cy.get(CreditAppPage.lastNameID).should('be.visible')&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;let baseURL = Cypress.env(&quot;BASEURL&quot;)&#xA;beforeEach(() =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    cy.visit(baseURL + '/creditApp/index')&#xA;});&#xA;&#xA;it('be.visible firstName when user visits credit app', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    cy.get(CreditAppPage.firstNameID).should('be.visible')&#xA;    cy.get(CreditAppPage.lastNameID).should('be.visible')&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29347" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T17:46:30.973" Title="Test all elements in a single test or 18 separate tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;cypress&gt;" AnswerCount="7" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30782" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30781" CreationDate="2017-11-29T14:51:38.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really is a matter of preference, i personally prefer not to nest all in one test and split across 18 tests simply because of the reporting data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once all are nested in one test if one fails the remaining values will not be evaluated, hence you might miss a failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19250" LastEditorUserId="19250" LastEditDate="2017-11-29T14:56:38.980" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T14:56:38.980" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30784" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30781" CreationDate="2017-11-29T17:10:48.743" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Three things should be considered, all equally important:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Performance: Will creating several tests increase the suite execution time? It highly depends on your framework. Even if the time to bootstrap a test is short, it can be damaging on the long-run;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test dependency: If you use only one test, you should be able to make the assertions independent - if the first fails, only the ones that don't make sense anymore should be skipped. Often a assertion failure stops the test. Again, depends on your framework;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maintainability: Do expanding on multiple tests make it difficult to change your tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The following is easier to expand than breaking into multiple tests, e.g.: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it('be.visible multiple when user visits credit app', () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;    elements = [CreditAppPage.firstNameID, ..., CreditAppPage.ninethNameID]&#xA;    elements.foreach((element) =&amp;gt; element.should('be.visible'))&#xA;}); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T18:53:28.343" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T18:53:28.343" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30786" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="448" CreationDate="2017-11-29T17:29:59.587" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Long back I read an article about &lt;a href=&quot;http://kedar.nitty-witty.com/blog/why-we-need-a-tester-quality-analyst-software-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;why we need QA or testers&lt;/a&gt; and if your manager uses MAC share &lt;a href=&quot;https://techcrunch.com/2017/11/28/astonishing-os-x-bug-lets-anyone-log-into-a-high-sierra-machine/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this High Sierra security flaw&lt;/a&gt; with him. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;No camel sees his hunch!&lt;/em&gt; and hence we need someone to look at the hunches :)&#xA;Making things well organised is next step.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29358" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T17:29:59.587" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30787" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-11-29T18:14:05.383" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Note that goodness and badness tends to be on a sliding scale but the more of the characteristics on the good list the better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Characteristics of &quot;Good&quot; tests:&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Has clear instructions on how &amp;amp; when to run it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that &lt;strong&gt;desired&lt;/strong&gt; behaviour is present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that &lt;strong&gt;undesired&lt;/strong&gt; behaviour is not present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides good &lt;strong&gt;isolation&lt;/strong&gt; - if it fails you know where the problem is!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is based on the &lt;strong&gt;requirements&lt;/strong&gt; not the implementation.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is maintainable and has good tracability so that if the specification changes you can quickly match it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No&lt;/strong&gt; False positives or negatives - i.e. If it passes then the desired behaviour &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; present and the undesirable is missing, if it fails then there really &lt;strong&gt;is&lt;/strong&gt; a problem.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides &lt;strong&gt;rapid&lt;/strong&gt; results at &lt;strong&gt;low cost&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests the most significant behaviour &lt;strong&gt;first&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Either terminates on the first or nth problem or provides ongoing feedback on status so far.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is interruptable but still provides useful if partial results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provides good &lt;strong&gt;coverage&lt;/strong&gt; of the item under test, possibly at the cost of extra time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is implemented with low cost, stable, long life, tools with good support&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is not platform dependant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Follows recognised good practices for the type of testing underway&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is non-invasive i.e. can be run on the deploy-able code without any changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Characteristics of Bad Tests&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is undocumented or  can only be run by the expert&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't ensure that the desired behaviour is present&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't ensure that the undesired behaviour is absent&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is based on the implementation not the requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is hard to maintain &amp;amp;/or lacks traceability so that you don't know the impact of specification changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tells you that there is a problem but not what or where&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Sometimes passes on bad items &amp;amp;/or fails on good.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Takes a long time &amp;amp;/or has a high cost&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't give you any results or feedback until the end (then maybe you find out that there was a problem 3 weeks ago that could have been rectified).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you interrupt it you can't tell how far it got and what the results so far were.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only covers the &quot;Good&quot; path(s) through the code so gives low coverage.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depends on expensive tools that have high annual costs and that change rapidly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Only runs on one specific machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Doesn't match any recognised methodology&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Requires a special build of the code that doesn't match the production code.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5641" LastActivityDate="2017-11-29T18:14:05.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30788" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-30T01:55:17.153" Score="1" ViewCount="614" Body="&lt;p&gt;Our system is publishing price update to an external system through HTTP and listens to a queue for the processing results. Based on the results, different messages will be shown to the users. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We are implementing E2E test cases now. Obviously, we do not have the control of the external system. How can we implement at least one happy case and one fail case? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29371" LastEditorUserId="2862" LastEditDate="2017-11-30T12:51:16.680" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T20:43:44.947" Title="E2E testing to simulate the external system failure" Tags="&lt;end-to-end&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30790" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11717" CreationDate="2017-11-30T09:34:55.913" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Every time I try to record this though the ID changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On some websites the ID of a button (or an element in general) is changing between different page loads (dynamic ID). This means the test case macro will fail at replay as the button has a new ID after each page refresh.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/docs/webextensions/selenium-ide/click#changingid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Solution:&lt;/a&gt; Typically some part of the ID remains constant e. g. post-123456 and post-555555. We can use XPath's &lt;code&gt;starts-with&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; functions to search just for the stable part of the ID. So the selector will be something like this: //*[contains(@id, 'post-')].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28557" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T09:34:55.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30791" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30793" CreationDate="2017-11-30T10:41:55.420" Score="9" ViewCount="1490" Body="&lt;p&gt;A team is developing software and testing it using a dummy back end. That team is not allowed to have access to the real system for testing (politics), so my team is testing it with the real back end. Our team has nothing do with the team who developed the software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We get the User Story which was implemented on the last sprint and we get the software. We are external testers and not part of the Agile Team. Then we automate the test cases. Now the product owner wants us to automate the test case with Agile methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;According to the Product owner, the specification team will gives us test cases (the product owner has no idea who writes the test cases) in the form of a User Story and we have to say how much story points for that user story. Has anyone worked like this before?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let's say our sprint ended today and we automated the regression part, but tomorrow we got the new version of the software. Our test cases may not work in the new version if there were UI or any other changes. That means we have to update our testcases in coming sprint and wait till our next sprint ends and product owner reviews it and accepts it before we can run the test. It would already be late for the result.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we make this situation work? Any tips for someone who has experience in automating test cases with agile methodology but is not the part of the agile team who developed the software would be appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29388" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:35:52.240" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:37:00.637" Title="How to manage test automation project with agile methodology when we have no control over the software we are testing" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;agile-testing&gt;&lt;agile&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30792" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30781" CreationDate="2017-11-30T11:09:10.257" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Such test case we call a GUI tests or GUI Test cases and those have GUI in their name indicators. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One test, multiple objects in it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, we put all GUI checks on one screen into one test. This is according to multiple test methodologies. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, In javascript (ES) all checks are fired simultaneously anyway, so you will not miss other checks if one of them will fail. The only disadvantage is, that you will not get one &quot;test result&quot; per object and you should get it from the test error report, for example, the code-line, if something went wrong. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Multiple tests one for each object&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If one of the persons, who are checking the automated test log is not skilled enough, you would need to get human readable test reports. Then you can use the test suite name as the name of the page and to have one test per object. But consider a lot of &lt;code&gt;it(...)&lt;/code&gt; around each test. data-drivenen approach is then recommended, so for example in JSON object could be the object name, object xpath or class name and the &lt;code&gt;it(...)&lt;/code&gt; should be inside of the foreach cycle. The it name could be calculated as &lt;code&gt;&quot;checking if the element &quot;+elementName+&quot; is present&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. Transfering the objects to array will be necessary for usage in foreach. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you can get test results for one-page TestSuite and for each object. This approach is a bit antipattern. In reality, you will not do thousands of test cases, but just a few of them, so it can break your statistics if you monitor such numbers/KPI's.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Resume&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Decision is up to you. I personally would choose the methodical approach. One test, multiple objects. in the test suite for the page is then not only the GUI check but also other tests of the functionality, for example, multiple variants of the functional test, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T11:09:10.257" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30793" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30791" CreationDate="2017-11-30T13:19:25.863" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no single &quot;correct&quot; answer here, but there are several things your team can do to deal with this situation. I'm going to assume that you have no problems with the estimation and sprint cycle aspect, and your main concern is that you don't want to be blocked when changes to the software you're testing break your existing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Leave a maintenance buffer&lt;/strong&gt; - This is probably the simplest way to handle things. Depending on how much time you think you're going to need for regression issues, you leave a buffer in your sprints for maintenance to update your automation and test cases to handle changes. If you don't know how much to leave, I'd suggest starting with a buffer of about 1/4 of your team capacity and adjusting up or down as you need.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Always have a maintenance user story&lt;/strong&gt; - If you are required to document all your activity, the next step is to have a maintenance user story that you size to about 1/4 of the team capacity to cover any regression issues you need to account for. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Block the new items&lt;/strong&gt; - This would be my preferred choice. If changes impact your existing automation, block any new items until the changes (which are technically regression issues) have been accounted for. If you have to justify your action, point out that when you have failing test cases, they could be masking something more serious so fixing these is a higher priority than adding new tests. &#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Make new items dependent on fixing failed tests&lt;/strong&gt; - If possible, you should be treating the new tests as being dependent on the failing tests being fixed (and any errors they find being fixed by the development team). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adjust sprint items&lt;/strong&gt; - If the fixes/problems turn out to overflow the sprint, move new tests out so fixes can be made.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend having a discussion with your lead or manager about which approach would work best with your team and the project before you decide which method you use. The key aspect of an agile process is that you can adapt to changes and adjust as necessary, including within a sprint. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing I would suggest is that you run your existing test automation against the new version of the software before you plan your sprint - that way you'll know if you need to include work to adapt to changes. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above all, remember that the most important thing you are working on is automated regression of the software you're testing. Everything else can and should be secondary to keeping your regression test suite in good shape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T13:19:25.863" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30794" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30791" CreationDate="2017-11-30T13:28:34.650" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main thing to understand here is that there is no silver bullet.  You have a bunch of different issues to address. I recommend you schedule a meeting and discuss the following points.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our team has nothing do with the team who developed the software.  Well, that's a problem.  Please explain a lot more about why not.  why can't that change?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;We get the User Story&quot;.  That's command and control language.  Why are you not contributing to the story upfront?  a 10-minute conversation with a tester can save a week of development and similarly a 10-minute conversation with the development team can save a weeks worth of testing the wrong thing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;The product owner has no idea who writes the test cases&quot;.  Seriously?  and you want advice?  c'mon this you already know this is ridiculous.  Please be braver in your conversations with them.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Our test cases may not work in a new version if there were UI or any other changes. &quot;  What?  you are not in the loop when things change.  Is this dysfunctional? well yeah&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Who runs the tests?  Get the developers the ability to run your tests and help maintain them when they break due to development changes.  If the developer has to run passing tests themselves they can't pass on broken code.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It doesn't matter to me if another team writes the software part, I just need to focus on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;being part of the team that walks through the approach and high-level intent upfront and how to test the proposed solution BEFORE a single line of code is written.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;scheduling meetings with the business and talking about how much you enjoy automating - but not being involved 'up-front' is a major issue they need to address to be effective... and keep employing you&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using agile practices in my testing so that even if the app state is fixed, I write quality, maintainable automation with peer reviews&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately if the business says &quot;this is just the ways things are, please accept it and write automation&quot; then say that you want to create a quality solution based on good practices in the industry.  Otherwise, you'll work somewhere that respect you, your team and good principles.  Lay it on the line for such a messed up sounding situation is my advice.  The language needs some work but I'm not gonna wordsmith it for you.  Not easy and will require a LOT of tact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:36:40.990" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:36:40.990" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30796" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30788" CreationDate="2017-11-30T16:23:07.317" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing &lt;strong&gt;integration with real system&lt;/strong&gt; (end-to-end setup) offers you the biggest credibility but it has a number of limitations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;external system might not be available at the time you execute your tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;external system is a shared resource, so your end-to-end tests are more fragile to changes in the external system, e.g., tests can slow down or become unstable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;also your tests might impact other users of the external system&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;it might be hard to simulate certain responses of an external system, e.g., trigger error responses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An alternative, as you said, is to &lt;strong&gt;mock&lt;/strong&gt; external system. This gives you more control, for instance, it is easier to simulate certain responses of the system. However, mocks are always less credible than real systems. They also need to be maintained: kept up-to-date with an external system. If an external system changes its API/contract, e.g., adds a field in a response, you need to add this field in a mock response as well. There are two possible solutions to keep your integration tests more realistic and up-to-date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One is to record traffic from your external system in production environment and playback in your tests. And repeat this record-playback every time either your system or external system is updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another is to implement &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/IntegrationContractTest.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contract-based testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;: authors of external system provide you with tests your system needs to pass to satisfy the contract with their system and you provide them with tests their system needs to satisfy to cooperate properly with your system. This obviously requires more involvement from both teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-11-30T17:56:41.670" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T17:56:41.670" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30797" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30788" CreationDate="2017-11-30T20:43:44.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For End-to-End testing, no, it's not great, but you may not have other options.  If that's the case, as the test team, you need to make sure that the powers that be are aware of the risk that's being taken by mocking versus true end-to-end testing.  They also need to realize that the mocking isn't free; you're going to have to maintain and update the mocking tool.  You might want to give them classes of problems (performance, serialization, etc) that you won't be able to properly test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that said, though, there might be other options.  Some companies that provide API services also provide some sort of test interface as well; instead of sending requests to http.company.com, you'd point to test.http.company.com.  And you listen to test.queuemanager.company.com, not queue manager.company.com.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option, unpleasant as it can be, is time-based.  Is there a time during the week/month/quarter that the overall service isn't needed?  If so, you can always do your end-to-end testing then.  Just be aware that this usually tends to happen from, say, midnight-8 AM Sunday, or something similar.  You could still do most of your testing with mocking, and then have a final checkout with the real system.  Some companies will deliberately schedule downtime for systems to allow this sort of testing to be done.  But this requires a great deal of planning and coordination; there's no &quot;Just one more test . . .&quot; opportunity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, as @dzieciou says, record/playback is also an option, though it depends on what sort of changes you're testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And to answer your specific question:  happy path testing with mocking is easy.  It's testing failures that can be hard, because there are many, many different types of failures.  And with End-to-End testing, it's often the failure states you need to focus on.  You don't need 1 happy path test and 1 sad path test, you need 1 happy path test and many sad path tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T20:43:44.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30798" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30720" CreationDate="2017-11-30T21:15:46.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using a different database &lt;strong&gt;engine&lt;/strong&gt; makes sense only if you use just a bland simple SQL, avoiding any performance-enhancing tricks your chosen database provides. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;IMHO that would be sub-optimal: you are using certain DB engine for a reason, and you might as well use it to the fullest - unlikely you will be switching to different engine anytime soon.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What we do is that for testing, we use the same engine but separate, much smaller dataset (which fits in RAM, with caching), which makes tests to run somewhat faster than full production database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T12:08:21.843" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T12:08:21.843" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30799" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-11-30T22:39:37.770" Score="1" ViewCount="184" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a writing integration tests for an API with around 300 methods. I have a collection of Python scripts that can tell me what methods are tested and what files each method is being tested in. This is good enough for personal use but it isn't the best format for sharing this information with the project manager. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd rather not construct the trace matrix by hand. Are there existing solutions for generating trace matrices in Python?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14516" LastActivityDate="2017-11-30T22:39:37.770" Title="Constructing a trace matrix using Python" Tags="&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30800" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="11974" CreationDate="2017-12-01T02:07:12.930" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As it has been said already, it depends but, going by development time does not tell you that much. Some guys can code a mile a minute while others are snails. Some do good unit testing while others don't do any.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My process is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1) Requirements documents. If available, I always estimate based on the requirements document. I outline my testing and estimate the areas to be tested, the number of cases and so on from this document. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2) I take into consideration past experience with the developer(s). How buggy their code has been. What has been their fix turnaround time?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3) Size of the development team vs my team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4) Whether all code is in-house or is outside libraries used (new to us libraries).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5) How critical is this development? It is a brand new product or an add on feature (most likely your case). How many and what other systems does it touch? Basically, do we have to regress of bunch of other stuff as well?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In either case, my estimate normally starts after the code has been tested/soaked for a week or so. Many times we find critical bugs the first week, fixes for which eat into testing time. In my group, my testing time does not start until we accept the code drop, which we will do after running a series of tests, i.e. soak time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29413" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:21:59.820" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:21:59.820" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30801" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6151" CreationDate="2017-12-01T02:25:10.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;From having worked in groups as you seemed to be working into managing QA groups of all sizes I can tell you that dedicated QA people can bring things to the table that are hard to get otherwise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My advice would be to look at your output. If the product(s) that you are delivering has the quality your customers are happy with don't change a thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you are seeing an increase in tickets and issues, it may be a good idea to look at the cause. Many times, this happens when the product has matured enough where the testing required has passed the level that the developers can or want to do. In that case, offloading the work to dedicated people is a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The hardest thing I found that developers have trouble with is regression testing. Testing the same things over and over in different ways is a very mundane task that developers seem to have a hard time with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just as development experience is desired and measured in years, so is testing experience. Good testers, like good developers, can have a 6th sense on what to look for and where to look for issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29413" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:20:53.633" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:20:53.633" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30802" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-01T07:07:08.307" Score="0" ViewCount="1772" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am checking &lt;code&gt;PageLoad&lt;/code&gt; time of website say &lt;code&gt;moneycontrol&lt;/code&gt;, so its taking to much time to load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want terminate &lt;code&gt;driver.get()&lt;/code&gt; if it passes 3 min next step will be &lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt; to close the session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.get(&quot;https://www.moneycontrol.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Appreciate help and suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29417" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2018-02-02T08:46:15.820" LastActivityDate="2018-04-03T11:17:51.007" Title="Need to timeout driver.get() after some time interval" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30803" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23708" CreationDate="2017-12-01T12:07:46.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Technically, NO. Protractor specific is, that protractor is synchronizing with the Angular app, so you do not need to implement waiting for each command and Protractor uses some of the Angular features.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, you can test Angular apps by any testing framework as Angular app is yet another one web application. So whatever tool for web will succeed. You then would need to implement functions like &lt;code&gt;waitTillElementIsPresent()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T12:07:46.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30805" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30802" CreationDate="2017-12-01T15:33:55.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use a explicit wait, it verifies constantly if your webe element is present and if that doesn't occur it pass to the next step &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(180, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.get(&quot;http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading&quot;);&#xA;WebElement myDynamicElement = driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;myDynamicElement&quot;));&#xA;/// action&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29428" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T15:33:55.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30806" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26238" CreationDate="2017-12-01T16:16:18.303" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I started to use a new &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbucket.org/pjtr/jmeter-websocket-samplers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Websocket library&lt;/a&gt; which you can install using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PluginsManager/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;plugin-manager&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See example: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s4enD.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/s4enD.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2017-12-01T16:16:18.303" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30807" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30781" CreationDate="2017-12-02T00:17:22.387" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I decide these things by asking a question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;If a responsibility fails one assertion, do I still want information from the other assertions?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually the answer is yes, in which case I put the assertions in separate tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for some situations, a failure in one assertion renders some other assertions meaningless or distracting. For those situations, I put the other assertions in the same test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T00:17:22.387" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30808" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30781" CreationDate="2017-12-02T02:08:01.193" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually my tests have one assertion per test.  However for this specific issue for UI tests there is one single over-riding factor (in this discussion about 1 or many) and it is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h3&gt;Performance&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In UI tests I intentionally break that rule for 1 reason - speed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;UI tests, e.g. browser tests are very slow and if they are used to give quick feedback you have to keep them fast, e.g. 1 set of assertions per UI test.  This can be the difference between a set of tests taking 1 minute or 30 minutes so the difference is order of magnitude not just minor savings&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-05-29T17:46:30.973" LastActivityDate="2018-05-29T17:46:30.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30809" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27978" CreationDate="2017-12-02T07:50:56.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ideally, the most preferred locator to recognize a web-element in Selenium WebDriver is ID.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reasons?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is short.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is fastest compared to other locators since in the background all&#xA;it needs to do is pick the element matching the mentioned ID.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It’s safest, as even if the location of this element changes or&#xA;worse, even if it’s type changes, your test-script shall still be able to locate and identify the element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It’s robust as any changes in the surrounding elements usually don’t&#xA;make any impact hence even if everything around the element changes&#xA;yet the system shall be able to easily locate the element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Then, why many Automation-QAs use other locators?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In an ideal world, every single element should have an ID and every&#xA;single element on a particular page should have a unique ID, but it&#xA;may or may not be the case always.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When Auto-generated IDs are used ID-locator shall not be able to&#xA;detect. Worst case, duplicate IDs on a single page.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So what to do in this case? It totally depends upon the AUT, the patter developers followed to design the AUT, frequency of changes in UI-UX, the magnitude of changes in UI-UX and last but not the least, our individual preferences.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;xpath though widely used if not used the strict way, can lead to issues if the location of your element changes, but till then it can uniquely identify the tiniest object on your web-page. Also, different browsers behave differently for xpath expressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;CSS selectors and className locators fall in the same pit as xpath as whether a location may change of not, a web-application relies on its looks, and one of the key factors for its appearance is the UI. So, CSS selectors and className locators may happen to change more often than other locators.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;tagName faces the issue of having multiple objects matching the given tag, hence it won’t be a preferred option, at least not my favourite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, apart from ID, what you choose as a selector totally depends on the factors I mentioned above and nowadays as the browsers are getting advanced I hope the differences of execution time these locators take to search in a complex developed web-application may be comparatively negligible, making the choice even harder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Happy Testing!&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21470" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T11:10:29.500" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T11:10:29.500" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30810" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30791" CreationDate="2017-12-02T16:12:24.937" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can we make this situation work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Probably you can't, you will always lag behind, you will be confronted with impediments your team cannot solve, due to changes in new software releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Now the product owner wants us to automate the test case with Agile&#xA;  methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get your team an Agile coach and let this person communicate with the coach of the Development team and figure out a way of working that will be beneficial to both teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just blindly copying Agile methods will just lead to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Blog/Cargo-Cult-Agile.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cargo Cult Agile&lt;/a&gt; and it sounds your teams are already knee-deep in this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I got some experience with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;automating test cases with agile methodology but not being part&#xA;  of the agile team who developed the software&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Become part of the Agile development team! Making sure the team is delivering working and well-tested software each iteration. Not adding testing as an afterthought.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:37:00.637" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:37:00.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30811" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30364" CreationDate="2017-12-02T17:36:57.193" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since you are running selenium, I am guessing you are using python for your scripts.  If that is the case then boto3 is the way to go. &lt;a href=&quot;https://boto3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/guide/ec2-example-managing-instances.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://boto3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/guide/ec2-example-managing-instances.html&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this you can easily check the current state and start it if it is off.&#xA;You will need to set up aws sdk keys &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/v1/developer-guide/credentials.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/v1/developer-guide/credentials.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;So something like this might work, you might need to make some changes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import boto3&#xA;ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2')&#xA;instance = ec2.Instance('instance_id')&#xA;&#xA;if instance.state['Name'] != u'running':&#xA;  try:&#xA;      ec2.start_instances(InstanceIds=[instance_id], DryRun=True)&#xA;  except ClientError as e:&#xA;      if 'DryRunOperation' not in str(e):&#xA;          raise&#xA;  try:&#xA;      response = ec2.start_instances(InstanceIds=[instance_id], DryRun=False)&#xA;      print(response)&#xA;  except ClientError as e:&#xA;      print(e)   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20950" LastActivityDate="2017-12-02T17:36:57.193" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30812" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30813" CreationDate="2017-12-02T18:04:40.520" Score="1" ViewCount="3450" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate interaction with a website that is initially protected with ReCaptcha. Can I initially &lt;strong&gt;manually&lt;/strong&gt; log in to the website and solve 2FA, then hand-over the existing &lt;strong&gt;manually initiated session&lt;/strong&gt; to the testing application to automatically run through the website tests with my manually authenticated session?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29461" LastEditorUserId="21451" LastEditDate="2017-12-03T12:30:12.850" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T19:11:55.377" Title="Handing over manually logged in browser session to WebDriver/Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-session&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30813" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30812" CreationDate="2017-12-03T10:24:54.017" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it should be the other way around, letting the test hand it over to a manual users for a while: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start the Selenium test to open browser and goto CAPTCHA page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write a wait that waits for an element that would be shown after the CAPTCHA is completed. (Make sure this wait has a large timeout, maybe also enlarge the default timeouts. Be sure to &lt;strong&gt;reset default timeouts after your wait&lt;/strong&gt;, if you change implicit wait your tests could wait for minutes when something is broken.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fill in the CAPTCHA manually&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The test will see the element found and continue the test instantly, as it will poll for the element every 500ms by default.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Aslong the test is waiting for something you can just use the browser as normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Working with timeouts: &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/wait-commands/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/wait-commands/&lt;/a&gt; (Guess the fluent-wait example is good to change from 30 seconds to 15 minutes, making sure you have the time to finish the CAPTCHA)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Official documentation on timeouts: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/04_webdriver_advanced.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-03T10:32:05.287" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T10:32:05.287" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30814" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30215" CreationDate="2017-12-03T12:23:21.547" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what exactly you are trying to check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are wondering how the app would behave in that specific territory and/or specific mobile service operator, then you have two other options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;- Crowdtesting;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can basically hire remote testers from a specific country which will have specific mobile service providers SIM cards. it will be quite cheap if you want to do for example one test case, or short exploratory testing session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.utest.com/&#xA;https://www.testcloud.io/&#xA;http://www.testbirds.com/&#xA;https://crowdsourcedtesting.com/&#xA;https://www.pay4bugs.com/&#xA;http://www.mob4hire.com/&#xA;https://mycrowd.com/&#xA;https://test.io/&#xA;https://usabilityhub.com/&#xA;https://globalapptesting.com/&#xA;https://www.bugfinders.com/&#xA;http://www.usertesting.com/&#xA;http://whatusersdo.com/&#xA;http://trymyui.com/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;- Mobile Device Labs;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, there are many MDL services that allow you to use mobile devices which are in Poland, Germany, USA, Japan, China or so. Apart from a specific location from Play Store and Internet providers perspective, some of them allows you to use local SIM cards that are already configured in devices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestDroid&#xA;TestObject (Sauce labs)&#xA;Perfecto Mobile&#xA;NativeTap&#xA;Kobiton&#xA;Amazon AWS Device farm&#xA;Google FireBase&#xA;Xamarin Test Cloud&#xA;Experitest&#xA;Samsung Developers Lab&#xA;pCloudy&#xA;BrowserStack&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T12:23:21.547" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30815" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30812" CreationDate="2017-12-03T12:34:28.060" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Firstly, this is maybe be a smell that your application is not built with a testability mindset. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the Automation environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - This feature should be removed;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - The user should be automatically log by sending a token generated uniquely by the application, identifying therefore the user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are ways of working around the issue, but this way you would still have an application difficult to test and probably your tests would take longer to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Attack the disease, not the symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="12740" LastEditDate="2017-12-03T18:52:19.990" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T18:52:19.990" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30816" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30802" CreationDate="2017-12-03T20:19:48.860" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can set a page load timeout of 3 minutes for your URL:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(180, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24784" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T20:19:48.860" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30817" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30731" CreationDate="2017-12-03T20:50:39.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In a technical sense &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Ignore Error&lt;/code&gt; is no different from the other two. However, to me the value is in the name of the keyword itself and how it expresses human intention. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even though you could technically prevent test failure by using &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Return Status&lt;/code&gt; it would not be as clear as &lt;code&gt;Run Keyword And Ignore Error&lt;/code&gt; 12 months after you've written the code, or when some new person comes in and reads the code for the first time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23672" LastActivityDate="2017-12-03T20:50:39.933" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30819" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10429" CreationDate="2017-12-04T12:36:36.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What I do in general to increase my observation ,is to close my eyes and describe in fine detail any known physical setting for me like my living room/my office cubicle/ any other extremely known place .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is surprising that even in those familiar places we miss lot of fine details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-11-13T01:18:36.250" LastActivityDate="2018-11-13T01:18:36.250" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30821" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-04T12:46:30.590" Score="8" ViewCount="2046" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a number of teams, each with developers and SDETs. SDETs automate current sprint tests and, often, create tools/libraries supporting test automation within their teams. A year ago we started an initiative of sharing test libraries across teams. That started to work better than one generic test framework for all the teams, because people could pick-up from the common repository only the libraries they wanted.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, with sharing the library comes not only reconignition but also responsibility: people who share libraries with other teams are made owners of those libraries. The goal was to have someone responsible for those libraries, when other teams report bugs or feature requests. Some people take this reponsibility lightly, other decide not share to avoid bothering with a new responsability.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can we encourage people to share testing libraries with others and take ownership of them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T08:27:53.300" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T08:27:53.300" Title="How to motivate people to share testing tools?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;work-place&gt;&lt;people&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30823" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30821" CreationDate="2017-12-04T13:25:00.157" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The simplest way to encourage this is by coding standards for all teams. Those standards should include commenting that works with a documentation tool, such as javadoc or the XML Sandcastle style comments. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that done, the next step is to require builds to also generate the documentation (which is usually a simple flag in the build process) and configure deployment/test automation runs to publish the documentation to a defined network location. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With that and the libraries themselves in source control, everything that's needed will be shared semi-automatically. All that the team leaders need to do is include checking the comment documentation during code review.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T13:25:00.157" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30824" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30821" CreationDate="2017-12-04T13:51:39.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the invention of money, it is easy to show appreciation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Manager certainly has discretionary bonus fund. Let him give away few hundred dollars bonus every quarter for best tool library, as nominated by peers. Problem solved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T13:51:39.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30825" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30821" CreationDate="2017-12-04T16:48:10.467" Score="13" Body="&lt;p&gt;The thing is that taking ownership of these new libraries is extra work for these people. How are they expected to handle this extra work? Are they allowed to postpone their other responsibilities while solving a bug or adding a feature for these libraries? Or are they expected to just suck it up and do these things while also doing their regular job in the same timeframe? What I’m trying to say is that you should make sure that they have the time and other resources needed to take this ownership and that includes cutting them some slack with their other work when needed. If that’s not the case, you are asking them for free work and the only smart thing to do is not participate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Secondly, doing a shiny new tool for their own use will always be more exciting and challenging than fixing bugs or adding new small features to older tools. So, you need to reward the ones that do so somehow. Either give the people making the best tools a bonus, or give them some extra free time, or whatever to make it appealing. Without an incentive most people will not voluntarily do what’s basically grunt work, and quite honestly recognition is not a big enough incentive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29499" LastEditorUserId="29499" LastEditDate="2017-12-04T20:56:28.630" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T20:56:28.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30826" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30821" CreationDate="2017-12-04T17:21:45.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some companies structure libraries and tools development the same as open-source projects do, as it seems like a proven practise. It is called InnerSource and used by PayPal for example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;InnerSource&lt;/strong&gt; is the name given to a development approach that applies open source &gt; software practices to the way organizations' develop software internally. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.infoq.com/news/2015/10/innersource-at-paypal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.infoq.com/news/2015/10/innersource-at-paypal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;O'Reilly has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oreilly.com/programming/free/getting-started-with-innersource.csp?intcmp=il-prog-free-product-na_new_site_getting_started_with_innersource_text_cta&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;free ebook&lt;/a&gt; on InnerSource, maybe it is worth reading for more idea's around InnerSource.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things like &quot;trusted committers&quot; can keep your project going, a sole maintainer might get demotivated and be a major &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bus-factor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can we encourage people to take share testing libraries with&#xA;  others and take ownership of them?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let (thought-)leaders in your organisation explain InnerSource, set some examples and document how to get started with it. Promote it as a benefit to all employees. Maybe even try to open-source stuff to get external exposure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-04T17:40:10.593" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T17:40:10.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30828" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30757" CreationDate="2017-12-04T19:51:12.930" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not be testing reCAPTCHA (or any other internal service), you load test must focus solely on your application only. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even you find out that reCAPTCHA is a bottleneck I'm afraid you won't be able to do anything with it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I would recommend leaving testing reCAPTCHA to Google engineers and turn it off completely. The same you should do for all external images, banners, videos, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/3429ad6e-8d42-4158-a8c1-8d6bac62990f/how-to-exclude-the-unwanted-hostsurls-in-web-performance-test?forum=vstest&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to exclude the Unwanted hosts/URL's in web performance test?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206732519-Excluding-Domains-from-the-Load-Test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Excluding Domains from the Load Test&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-12-04T19:51:12.930" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30830" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-04T22:10:10.197" Score="2" ViewCount="4274" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a project to begin testing Node/Angular applications using Protractor and Jasmine.  I have a POC working in most browsers but having a lot of trouble with MS Edge.  Here's my environment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;OS: Windows 10 Pro (Version 1709, OS Build 16299.98)&#xA;MS Edge: 41.16299.15.0&#xA;MS EdgeHTML: 16.16299&#xA;MS Web Driver: 10.0.16299.15&#xA;Node: 6.12.0&#xA;Protractor: 5.2.1&#xA;Jasmine: 2.8.0&#xA;Selenium: 3.8.1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the tests in Chrome and Firefox the behavior is fine (tests run with expected results).  However, with MS Edge the process fails before the test spec can even run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example code/output use the Protractor tutorial but I have the same issue when working with our application.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Working conf.js (for Chrome and Firefox)&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;exports.config = {&#xA;  framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;  seleniumAddress: 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',&#xA;  specs: ['./spec/spec.js'],&#xA;&#xA;  multiCapabilities: [&#xA;    { 'browserName': 'chrome' },&#xA;    { 'browserName': 'firefox', 'marionette': true, 'firefox_binary': &quot;C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe&quot; }//,&#xA;]  &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failing conf.js (for MS Edge)&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;exports.config = {&#xA;  framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;  seleniumAddress: 'http://localhost:17556',&#xA;  specs: ['./spec/spec.js'],&#xA;&#xA;  capabilites: { browserName: 'MicrosoftEdge' }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;spec.js&#xA;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// spec.js&#xA;describe('Protractor Demo App', function() {&#xA;  it('should have a title', function() {&#xA;    browser.get('http://juliemr.github.io/protractor-demo/');&#xA;&#xA;    expect(browser.getTitle()).toEqual('Super Calculator');&#xA;  });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I run the test for MS Edge after starting the Microsoft Web Driver the following occurs:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ protractor conf.js&#xA;[14:14:18] I/launcher - Running 1 instances of WebDriver&#xA;[14:14:18] I/hosted - Using the selenium server at http://localhost:17556&#xA;[14:14:20] E/launcher - Error code: 135&#xA;[14:14:20] E/launcher - Error message: ECONNREFUSED connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:17556&#xA;[14:14:20] E/launcher - Error: ECONNREFUSED connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:17556&#xA;    at ClientRequest.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\http\index.js:238:15)&#xA;    at emitOne (events.js:96:13)&#xA;    at ClientRequest.emit (events.js:188:7)&#xA;    at Socket.socketErrorListener (_http_client.js:310:9)&#xA;    at emitOne (events.js:96:13)&#xA;    at Socket.emit (events.js:188:7)&#xA;    at emitErrorNT (net.js:1281:8)&#xA;    at _combinedTickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:80:11)&#xA;    at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:104:9)&#xA;From: Task: WebDriver.createSession()&#xA;    at Function.createSession (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\webdriver.js:769:24)&#xA;    at Function.createSession (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\chrome.js:761:15)&#xA;    at createDriver (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\index.js:170:33)&#xA;    at Builder.build (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\index.js:626:16)&#xA;    at Hosted.getNewDriver (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\driverProviders\driverProvider.js:53:33)&#xA;    at Runner.createBrowser (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\runner.js:195:43)&#xA;    at q.then.then (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\runner.js:339:29)&#xA;    at _fulfilled (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\q\q.js:834:54)&#xA;    at self.promiseDispatch.done (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\q\q.js:863:30)&#xA;    at Promise.promise.promiseDispatch (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\q\q.js:796:13)&#xA;[14:14:20] E/launcher - Process exited with error code 135&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem seems to be somewhere around that it says it is using the server on 'localhost' but then makes requests on '127.0.0.1' instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've been looking around a long time (here, StackOverflow, and, the Protactor discussions on GitHub) for info on this but have not found a resolution.  Some discussion on GitHub indicates MS Edge testing with Protractor was working at one point.  Has anyone been able to successfully run Protractor tests with this version of MS Edge and MS Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One final bit of info: I have access to another Windows 10 machine that has an older version of Edge (10240).  On that machine I don't have this problem, but, it is old enough to still have issues with async and I'm not able to use it for testing with Protractor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPDATE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The spec file has not changed but I have updated the config file (conf.js):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// conf.js&#xA;exports.config = {&#xA;    directConnect: false,&#xA;    framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;    specs: ['./spec/spec.js'],&#xA;    seleniumAddress: 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',&#xA;&#xA;    multiCapabilities: [&#xA;        //{ 'browserName': 'chrome' },&#xA;        //{ 'browserName': 'firefox', 'marionette': true, 'firefox_binary': &quot;C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe&quot; },&#xA;        { 'browserName': 'MicrosoftEdge' }&#xA;    ]&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When enabled Chrome and Firefox are able to run the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edge fails with the following (timeout waiting for driver server to start):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ protractor conf.js&#xA;[13:13:53] I/launcher - Running 1 instances of WebDriver&#xA;[13:13:53] I/hosted - Using the selenium server at http://localhost:4444/wd/hub&#xA;[13:14:13] E/launcher - Timed out waiting for driver server to start.&#xA;Build info: version: '3.8.1', revision: '6e95a6684b', time: '2017-12-01T19:05:32.194Z'&#xA;System info: host: 'QA-01', ip: '10.1.1.80', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '9.0.1'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;[13:14:13] E/launcher - WebDriverError: Timed out waiting for driver server to start.&#xA;Build info: version: '3.8.1', revision: '6e95a6684b', time: '2017-12-01T19:05:32.194Z'&#xA;System info: host: 'QA-01', ip: '10.1.1.80', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '9.0.1'&#xA;Driver info: driver.version: unknown&#xA;    at WebDriverError (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\error.js:27:5)&#xA;    at Object.checkLegacyResponse (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\error.js:546:15)&#xA;    at parseHttpResponse (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\http.js:509:13)&#xA;    at doSend.then.response (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\http.js:441:30)&#xA;    at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:109:7)&#xA;From: Task: WebDriver.createSession()&#xA;    at Function.createSession (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\lib\webdriver.js:769:24)&#xA;    at createDriver (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\index.js:170:33)&#xA;    at Builder.build (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\selenium-webdriver\index.js:635:14)&#xA;    at Hosted.getNewDriver (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\driverProviders\driverProvider.js:53:33)&#xA;    at Runner.createBrowser (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\runner.js:195:43)&#xA;    at q.then.then (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\built\runner.js:339:29)&#xA;    at _fulfilled (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\q\q.js:834:54)&#xA;    at self.promiseDispatch.done (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\q\q.js:863:30)&#xA;    at Promise.promise.promiseDispatch (C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\q\q.js:796:13)&#xA;    at C:\Users\USER.NAME\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\node_modules\q\q.js:556:49&#xA;[13:14:13] E/launcher - Process exited with error code 199&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As before - the same setup on an older version of Windows 10, Edge (10240), and, the Edge Driver do try to run the tests (albeit with the async execution issue).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This setup is probably better than what I used before but the overall outcome is the same.  Protractor tests (on this machine) aren't running in MS Edge (16299).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any insight or advice is much appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29509" LastEditorUserId="29509" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T19:57:33.470" LastActivityDate="2019-04-16T13:03:50.770" Title="Unable to run Protractor tests in Microsoft Edge" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30831" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-12-05T00:56:18.877" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my view, a good test provides a uniquely valuable(to the business) information about the state of the system under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is good, till the provided information is valuable and unique(not redundant).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T00:14:42.140" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T00:14:42.140" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30832" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30821" CreationDate="2017-12-05T04:34:21.170" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my groups, code written by QA engineers are treated the same way as code written by software developers: it gets schecked into source control and bugs and feature requests get assigned to it as it does with any code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bug review meetings are used by management to decide which bugs get fixed when and by whom and get scheduled accordingly. The beauty of this is that management decides and schedules and prioritizes the work, and so the developer is not automaticaly on the hook to do anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you treat your QA development as developmet, you shouldn't have any trouble applying all the development processes and principles already used by your company.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29413" LastEditorUserId="29413" LastEditDate="2017-12-05T04:50:21.447" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T04:50:21.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30833" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-05T06:09:44.007" Score="1" ViewCount="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've the basic idea about the Continuous Integration using Jenkins like- basic project setup, setting up  source code management bit-bucket and build the project. I have done this so far and following the same approach, whenever any commit done in bit-bucket, Jenkins trigger the build and i get the build status But in my organization there is no expertise who clearly tell us about how CI tool actually used in real time. So we are not aware of the scope and expansions of the Automation project in terms of CI tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can some one guide us about this and guide us to manage the release using Jenkins ? also somewhere the terms &lt;code&gt;Jenkins pipeline&lt;/code&gt; confused me what it is and why it used for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm working on Agile, So after completion on each sprint we have to commit out code in master branch only. We are planning to create new branch for each sprint. The vague in my is, we can create the new branch, sprint wise and also create the Jenkins job as per branch, So after committing the new branch Jenkins will trigger the build for that branch. It is the right approach ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T06:09:44.007" Title="How to perform continuous Integration using Jenkins?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-12-05T18:47:49.897" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30834" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30939" CreationDate="2017-12-05T06:11:15.577" Score="0" ViewCount="1650" Body="&lt;p&gt;here i'm facing one problem.in My JMeter script i am getting some response like this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&quot;error&quot;:&quot;404&quot;,&quot;error_description&quot;:&quot;The underlying provider failed on Open.&quot;}&#xA;{&quot;error&quot;:&quot;404&quot;,&quot;error_description&quot;:&quot;Model state invalid.&quot;}&#xA;{&quot;error&quot;:&quot;200&quot;,&quot;error_description&quot;:&quot;965458&quot;}&#xA;&#xA;this coming in Response data&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So i want to assign only 200 response to my next request that is in another thread group(means next  request should only accept 200 other than this it should not. ). i used response assertion and set Response code is 200 so that is not working for me.is there any alternative way to do this stuff please tell me with simple demo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="28393" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T08:42:52.023" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T05:39:10.723" Title="How to assign only(200 ) success response to next request in JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30835" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-05T06:50:55.467" Score="3" ViewCount="2795" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can Selenium web driver be used to automate tests for Angular 4 applications? Or is Protractor a more reliable option?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29522" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T08:08:36.117" Title="Selenium web driver or Protractor for Angular 4?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30838" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30835" CreationDate="2017-12-05T08:13:20.260" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Protractor is the better option for Angular 4 automation, after all is a wrapper of Selenium WebDriverJS Api. You can find a lot of materials around the net, paid or free. Of course you need at least the basic single page application knowledge to start testing with protractor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can check and Jasmine (&lt;a href=&quot;https://jasmine.github.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://jasmine.github.io/&lt;/a&gt;) it is a BDD framework for testing JS code, does not depend on any other JavaScript frameworks, does not require a DOM. It is really something to check out when you have time to spare.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28730" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-12-05T16:38:36.070" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T16:38:36.070" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30841" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30747" CreationDate="2017-12-05T11:20:53.500" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think most important part of interview to check whether a tester have skills of attention to detail and observation should be his/her way of approach to any tricky question rather not emphasizing on correct answers only! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Questions may be technical or non-technical but if he takes time to think and tries to approach in a systematic way, then this is an indication of his/her patience and judgement. But if she/he panics out after hearing the question and tries to answer ASAP, then this is not a good skill for him even though he managed to give correct answer lately.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T11:20:53.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30842" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30821" CreationDate="2017-12-05T11:22:02.660" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Taking a tool/script that works well within the constraints of a given user's environment and making it work well in more generic and diverse environments is significant work. Moreover it's not work that most developers would consider 'fun'.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only way to motivate sharing is, as jesm00 mentioned, to take this additional work into account when evaluating their performance (e.g. are they allowed to slip their deadlines in their assigned duties?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29529" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T11:22:02.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30844" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15329" CreationDate="2017-12-05T12:23:56.300" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;please follow this url &#xA;in which You have to refresh the Project and then you can see for faild.xml file right click on that re run the fail test.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestingmaterial.com/run-failed-test-cases-using-testng/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.softwaretestingmaterial.com/run-failed-test-cases-using-testng/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29538" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T12:23:56.300" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30845" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30835" CreationDate="2017-12-05T12:46:01.230" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selenium&lt;/strong&gt; can be used to test &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; web page, so Angular applications can be perfectly automated.&#xA; On top of that, you can easily write custom locators so waiting on typical &lt;code&gt;ng&lt;/code&gt; elements is feasible with any Selenium binding.&#xA;Especially if your language is C#, Java or Python, Selenium itself is likely the best choice.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Protractor&lt;/strong&gt; has some good selling points for Angular apps, &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/30010/moving-from-selenium-to-protractor?rq=1&quot;&gt;which you can find in these answers&lt;/a&gt;. If you are skilled in Javascript, this is likely the best choice. However, because it's a wrapper on top of Selenium, Protractor is by definition less reliable because, in addition to Selenium bugs, it has defects of its own.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the comment of @alexce in the linked topic:  &lt;em&gt;if I were to start our test automation efforts from scratch now, I would go for Python/Selenium&lt;/em&gt;. Personally, I also prefer a solid self-built framework around Selenium rather than add another third-party layer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T12:46:01.230" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30846" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30704" CreationDate="2017-12-05T13:35:23.287" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It would be better to refactor the code. You should keep the DataProcessor class contract intact so that classes depend on it, keep working with minimal change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just improve internal design of the DataProcessor class. Keep SOLID principles in mind. Don't hesitate to extract new concepts and classes out of it, and code to a contract. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you will reach to a testable situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One of main ideas behind unit-testing is to reach a better code quality. So in this job always refactor the code under test for a better design.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17854" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T13:35:23.287" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30847" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-05T18:24:22.270" Score="0" ViewCount="45" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need help to correct this excerpt. The excerpt is not working right now. I have attached the screen shot here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//h3[text()='Alert Expiration']/..//table[contains(@class,'vdl-calendar__grid') and contains(@role,'grid')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TZheR.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TZheR.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29543" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T12:53:29.227" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T12:53:29.227" Title="Can someone help me to correct this date picker excerpt" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-12-06T12:52:04.880" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30848" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-05T19:56:14.737" Score="-1" ViewCount="88" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, our automation suite runs on chrome (has been designed for chrome). We used cucumber with Java and Selenium. We are trying to make the current automation suite multi-browser compatible. The current automation code supports Firefox 50% and IE the least.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we make this code work on IE, Firefox? Please suggest the easy ways ...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29546" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:40:34.140" LastActivityDate="2021-02-24T10:04:05.427" Title="Multiple browser support" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;junit&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;ie11&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30849" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30848" CreationDate="2017-12-05T21:54:19.943" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usual approach is to develop your tests using custom wrappers, use those wrappers instead of bare calls. If different actions/tweaks are required for different browsers, you fix the wrapper (in a single place) and your tests should run without changes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course it might be too late for you now, if you use bare calls in your tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every such refactoring should a be a good learning experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As the saying goes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To avoid mistakes you need a lot of experience.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience is a result of learning from past mistakes. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;:-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-05T21:54:19.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30851" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30847" CreationDate="2017-12-06T07:35:48.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like you have a problem to get the right identifier for the object.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use following xpath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class=&quot;alert-expiration&quot;]/descendant::div[contains(@class,&quot;vld-date-time-picker&quot;)]/descendant::table&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;construction with descendants would be more stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T07:35:48.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30852" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30835" CreationDate="2017-12-06T08:08:36.117" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;If you are skilled in Javascript, this is likely the best choice&quot; - this remark made by @FDM I think it summaries pretty well what's important when considering any frameworks built on top of Selenium WebDriver that use JavaScript bindings, regardless if the implementation is more or less opinionated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also consider that if the author of this question/topic or his team have a solid experience in another programming language I'd say go with that and build your selenium/automation framework using your favorite language bindings. Why I'm saying this: if you have a good foundation in Java and Selenium, then moving to JavaScript and Node.js for the first time and dealing with promises, control flow and all the specifics of the JS ecosystem will be a pain (at least in the beginning).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have used Protractor to test different Angular SPAs, including a large suite of tests in which I have disabled the Selenium Promise Manager implementation and used Async/Await - which is way nicer if you understand Promises very well. Also, quite interesting for me, I have used Protractor on a non-Angular e-commerce app (the reason being that I'm so accustomed to Protractor) and never ran into specific problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My opinion is that Protractor is a stable and mature framework and if you have a good understanding &amp;amp;&amp;amp; experience in JavaScript it's the go-to tool to test an Angular app - unless you prefer to build your own automation framework using the bindings you love, which is perfectly fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here are a few advantages of using Protractor to test an Angular App:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;No need to add waits and sleeps: As the webpage finishes pending tasks, Protractor executes the next steps of the testing process by automatically connecting with the AngularJS application&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Supports Angular-specific locator strategies including binding, model, repeater as well as native WebDriver locator strategies&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;One Config file to rule them all: you can set any global variables, integrate any packages and even execute the tests in cloud providers (SauceLabs, BrowserStack)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you like Classes, as syntax, rather than using the JS Prototypes, using ES6 will be a breeze&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Protractor syntax is somehow shorter (and nicer) -&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/webdriver-vs-protractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.protractortest.org/#/webdriver-vs-protractor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It can take the advantage of the Selenium grid to run multiple browsers at once&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It can run test on both real and headless browsers&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It can use Jasmine or Mocha or Cucumber to write your test&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can integrate all the e2e tests into your /test directory within the application code-base, which is a huge advantage to have the tests in the same repository as the source code of the app resides&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It works in conjunction with Selenium to offer an automated test infrastructure and it makes selenium grid to run multiple browsers all at once&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just a note: I'm not advocating for Protractor or so, I just have 2-3 years of experience using JS Selenium frameworks and I consider Protractor being an excellent candidate when it comes to Angular apps in general. But as I said, if you have a solid experience using Python, Java, or anything else, maybe it'll be better to build on top of your experience, rather than switching to a new language/ecosystem where you'll get often stuck, let's say. But if you have some time, take Protractor for a spin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24728" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T08:08:36.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30856" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18749" CreationDate="2017-12-06T11:40:43.883" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use the keyword throw inside the catch block to stop the script from further execution, upon any failure/exception.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try&#xA;{&#xA;//code to test&#xA;}&#xA;catch (Exception e)&#xA;{&#xA;throw new AssertionError(&quot;A clear description of the failure&quot;, e);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29564" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T12:54:48.373" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T12:54:48.373" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30857" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-06T13:47:20.530" Score="3" ViewCount="1057" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'd like to be able to see on-screen messages when my Chrome browser is running under Selenium, which will be useful to the human tester who occasionally  monitors the execution manually. (The message would be a 1-liner saying &quot;Testing Feature X...&quot;, &quot;Feature X successful&quot;, .... etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to achieve this? Should I inject HTML on the page directly (which I'd like to avoid if possible)? Is it possible for me to send messages to the Chrome infobar which normally says &quot;Chrome is being controlled by automated test software&quot;? I'm using selenium's java driver 3.8.1 and chrome driver 2.33.506106.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29565" LastActivityDate="2019-09-01T23:01:10.160" Title="How can I place on-screen messages with Chrome running under Selenium control?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chrome&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30859" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30626" CreationDate="2017-12-06T14:17:44.763" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems the your &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; is configured with &lt;code&gt;Stop thread of EOF&lt;/code&gt; set to true&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Stop thread on EOF? Should the thread be stopped on EOF&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not you probably have another element with stop action you didn't mention as Runtime Controller or Test Action.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28432" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T14:17:44.763" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30860" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27785" CreationDate="2017-12-06T14:56:04.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ready for test buggy applications&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;https://asta.pgs-soft.com&#xA;Automated Software Testing Arena, also good for manual testing&#xA;&#xA;http://mrbuggy.eu&#xA;MrBuggy set of great buggy apps to test on&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Apps that you can test locally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;https://instantwp.com&#xA;Fast wordpress setup&#xA;&#xA;https://github.com/tourdedave/the-internet&#xA;Herokuapp. The internet. GitHub project&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Interactive projects that are free&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.guru99.com/live-testing-project.html&#xA;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/free-online-software-testing-qa-training-course/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For automation purpose:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Herokuapp. The internet.&#xA;http://the-internet.herokuapp.com&#xA;&#xA;https://asta.pgs-soft.com&#xA;Automated Software Testing Arena&#xA;&#xA;http://timvroom.com/selenium/playground/&#xA;Playground with various tasks&#xA;&#xA;http://automationpractice.com&#xA;Virtual e-shop&#xA;&#xA;http://demoqa.com&#xA;Various content&#xA;&#xA;http://newtours.demoaut.com&#xA;Tourism webpage&#xA;&#xA;http://bdonline.sqe.com&#xA;B&amp;amp;D is a fictitious online brokerage firm&#xA;&#xA;http://adam.goucher.ca/parkcalc&#xA;This &quot;application&quot; has some serious flaws, and has been the subject of lots of exploratory testing.&#xA;&#xA;http://executeautomation.com/demosite/index.html&#xA;User forms&#xA;&#xA;http://Enterprise.Demo.Orangehrmlive.Com/&#xA;Demo HR management site&#xA;&#xA;http://www.way2automation.com/demo.html&#xA;Various elements&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T14:56:04.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30861" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29996" CreationDate="2017-12-06T15:08:32.960" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There's always an option called:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Crowdtesting;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can basically hire remote testers from a specific country which will have specific mobile devices. It will be quite cheap if you want to do for example one test case, or short exploratory testing session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;You could create a test case that requires them to walk like 2km or something like that. It really depends on what you are searching for :)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.utest.com/&#xA;https://www.testcloud.io/&#xA;http://www.testbirds.com/&#xA;https://crowdsourcedtesting.com/&#xA;https://www.pay4bugs.com/&#xA;http://www.mob4hire.com/&#xA;https://mycrowd.com/&#xA;https://test.io/&#xA;https://usabilityhub.com/&#xA;https://globalapptesting.com/&#xA;https://www.bugfinders.com/&#xA;http://www.usertesting.com/&#xA;http://whatusersdo.com/&#xA;http://trymyui.com/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T15:08:32.960" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30862" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12831" CreationDate="2017-12-06T15:13:11.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what exactly you are trying to check.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Worth checking out Mobile Device Labs right now in my opinion:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TestDroid&#xA;TestObject (Sauce labs)&#xA;Perfecto Mobile&#xA;NativeTap&#xA;Kobiton&#xA;Amazon AWS Device farm&#xA;Google FireBase&#xA;Xamarin Test Cloud&#xA;Experitest&#xA;Samsung Developers Lab&#xA;pCloudy&#xA;BrowserStack&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also a crowdtesting option.&#xA;You can basically hire remote testers from a specific country which will have specific mobile device. It will be quite cheap if you want to do for example one test case, or short exploratory testing session.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://www.utest.com/&#xA;https://www.testcloud.io/&#xA;http://www.testbirds.com/&#xA;https://crowdsourcedtesting.com/&#xA;https://www.pay4bugs.com/&#xA;http://www.mob4hire.com/&#xA;https://mycrowd.com/&#xA;https://test.io/&#xA;https://usabilityhub.com/&#xA;https://globalapptesting.com/&#xA;https://www.bugfinders.com/&#xA;http://www.usertesting.com/&#xA;http://whatusersdo.com/&#xA;http://trymyui.com/&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T15:13:11.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30864" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30857" CreationDate="2017-12-06T15:23:42.370" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interesting idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Easiest would be to get OK for the idea from developers/web designer and to add a text input element in all your pages, which would NOT be used by tested system, but a placeholder for your information messages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you want to display a message to the tester, just locate this element and sendkeys message text to display it. Because tested system does not care about it, message will have no effect.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would be against manipulating the HTML because I prefer to test the system as close to what will be deployed in production as possible. Having element for messages which tested system ignores in least disruptive.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For my tests, I just print such messages to the console, and also collect them in test object to be printed in test summary after all test finished running.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T15:23:42.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30866" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-06T20:43:40.117" Score="0" ViewCount="731" Body="&lt;p&gt;When we talk about major defects, we also talk about the availability of workaround. I need to know what do we mean exactly by a workaround.&#xA;Example: If a function is not working at all, however, the user can use another function to get his desired result, then can we consider this as a workaround?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29177" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-12-06T20:51:22.017" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T21:12:13.017" Title="What is meant by workaround" Tags="&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30867" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30866" CreationDate="2017-12-06T21:12:13.017" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, your insinuation is how I understand 'workarounds' as well, in the context of software testing.&#xA;Defining it more verbose you could say it's &lt;strong&gt;a process (a number of actions) achieving a result that is normally achievable through an easier, more dedicated or user-friendly process&lt;/strong&gt;. (*)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In practice, a workaround might differentiate between critical and high severity (business impact).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, there is a major difference in impact on business processes between:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;We do not receive any orders placed via our web shop.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - This can be considered &lt;strong&gt;critical&lt;/strong&gt; as business stalls.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;We do not receive any orders placed via our web shop, but a helpdesk employee can manually trigger the event queue so we get the orders anyway, albeit with a few hours of delay.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; - This can be considered &lt;strong&gt;high&lt;/strong&gt; severity, because business processes aren't working optimally, but due to a &lt;strong&gt;workaround&lt;/strong&gt; the process is flowing (but it's still important because the workaround is demanding resources and/or costs money in some way).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(*) Note, the inverse interpretation is also possible: a shortcut that users have found, which was not intended by design but allows them to perform a task faster or easier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-12-06T21:12:13.017" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30868" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-06T22:00:59.283" Score="3" ViewCount="784" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my place of work we have long debated whether source-to-target mapping should be an input to the testing phase perform by  QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developers insist that QAs should follow the requirements documents, while QAs insist that since requirements are usually written in business language and subject to interpretation by developers during the implementation, the need source-to-target mapping in addition to requirements to be able to perform testing accurately.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a general industry consensus on whether source-to-target mapping is an input to the testing phase? I also have to clarify that our developers do produce mappings, sometimes during, sometimes after they complete ETL work, they are just often opposed to sharing those.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2608" LastActivityDate="2018-04-04T07:02:23.193" Title="ETL Quality Assurance - is source-to-target mapping consider an input to the testing phase?" Tags="&lt;etl&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30869" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30880" CreationDate="2017-12-07T01:37:47.757" Score="1" ViewCount="672" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to create a test case for Tumblr (currently in the process of learning automation) and I'm stuck on trying to access the drafts page. So here's what's happening - after I post an image as draft and try to access &quot;Drafts&quot; and delete them, below is the error I'm getting:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Traceback (most recent call last):&#xA;File &quot;C:\Users\eclipse-workspace\Pytest\python1\PySel.py&quot;, &#xA;line 93, in &amp;lt;module&amp;gt;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id('account_button').click()&#xA;File &quot;C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-&#xA;32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py&quot;, line 80, in &#xA;click self._execute(Command.CLICK_ELEMENT)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-&#xA;32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py&quot;, line 501, in &#xA;_execute return self._parent.execute(command, params)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-&#xA;32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py&quot;, line 308, in &#xA;execute self.error_handler.check_response(response)&#xA;File &quot;C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-&#xA;32\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py&quot;, line 194, &#xA;in check_response raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)&#xA;selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: &#xA;Element &amp;lt;div class=&quot;tab iconic tab_nav_account &quot; id=&quot;account_button&quot;&amp;gt;...&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; is not clickable at point (924, 28). Other element would receive the &#xA;click: &amp;lt;div class=&quot;v-center-inner&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;(Session info: chrome=62.0.3202.94)&#xA;(Driver info: chromedriver=2.33.506120 &#xA;(e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f),platform=Windows NT 6.1.7601 SP1 &#xA;x86_64)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've tried page refresh -which causes a prompt if I want to terminate the post which I find weird as to why it does not wait to post first before it refreshes itself (see attached image)&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LK6lW.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LK6lW.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and implicit wait but that doesn't seem to do anything. The code &lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_id('account_button').click()&lt;/code&gt; works just fine at the beginning but suddenly won't run after posting draft. I think this has something to do with switching window maybe? Another thing is how do I locate the window name for the posting section? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(see image attached)&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KPgWY.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/KPgWY.png&quot; alt=&quot;Is this considered a window where you can call for switching windows?&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;This is my complete code:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait as wait&#xA;import os&#xA;&#xA;user = &quot;&quot;&#xA;pwd = &quot;&quot;&#xA;driver = webdriver.Chrome()&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(&quot;https://www.tumblr.com/login&quot;)&#xA;assert &quot;Tumblr&quot; in driver.title&#xA;&#xA;elem = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;signup_determine_email&quot;)&#xA;elem.send_keys(&quot;email&quot;)&#xA;elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(10)&#xA;elem = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;signup_password&quot;)&#xA;elem.send_keys(&quot;password&quot;)&#xA;elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)&#xA;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id('account_button').click()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//a[@href='/settings']&quot;).click()&#xA;assert &quot;Account&quot; in driver.title&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(10)&#xA;driver.back()&#xA;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_class_name('compose-button').click()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@class='post-type-icon icon-text']&quot;).click()&#xA;&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(15)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;.post-form--save-button .dropdown-area&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(15)&#xA;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@class='editor editor-richtext']&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(15)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@class='editor editor-plaintext']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;This is a Test Title&quot;)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(15)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@class='editor editor-richtext']&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(60)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@class='control add-image']&quot;).click()&#xA;os.system(r'&quot;C:/Users/pmevangelista/Desktop/AutoIt/FileUpload.exe&quot;')&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_xpath(&quot;//div[@class='editor editor-richtext']&quot;).send_keys(&quot;Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.&quot;)&#xA;driver.implicitly_wait(60)&#xA;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_css_selector(&quot;.post-form--save-button .button-area&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.refresh()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id('account_button').click()&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29247" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T07:08:22.617" LastActivityDate="2020-04-22T17:34:03.027" Title="Selenium Webdriver | Python (Tumblr) : Cannot access element ID after posting" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30870" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="10342" CreationDate="2017-12-07T02:12:24.603" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The 2 of your XPath changes from &lt;code&gt;tr[9]&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;tr[10]&lt;/code&gt;. It seems that the number of the 3rd &quot;tr&quot; means user number.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my practice delete that number can extract all users' data from HTML.(tested by RSelenium + rvest):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;.//*[@id='contentText']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/strong[2] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T04:35:53.393" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T04:35:53.393" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30873" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30875" CreationDate="2017-12-07T07:57:30.317" Score="6" ViewCount="406" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are many situations when we realizing that Automation Testing must be done.&#xA;I work in a product based company and we are going to start to work on that product from the scratch. In the product, we are going to add a lot of complexes functionality in the small chunks. Product function is that much complex that it may take more than two years to deploy the first version of the product as per plan. Here I want to know when should we start Automation Testing so that I can manage the cost of the testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T07:27:33.403" Title="What is the right time to start Test Automation for any long run project?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;test-planning&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30874" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-07T08:07:38.233" Score="1" ViewCount="3929" Body="&lt;p&gt;Usually, I used to run from command line (protractor &lt;code&gt;config.js&lt;/code&gt;).&#xA;I used protractor and java script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PLS LET ME KNOW STEPS TO ACHIEVE RUNNING FROM JENKINS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To run from Jenkins , I created a batch file &lt;code&gt;run.bat&lt;/code&gt; containing (protractor &lt;code&gt;config.js&lt;/code&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;JENKINS:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;New project -&amp;gt;config system -&amp;gt; Execute window batch command (run.bat)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ERROR:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;I received following error after running my job-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Started by user aaaa&#xA;Building in workspace C:\Users\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\Workspace&#xA;[Workspace] $ cmd /c call C:\Windows\TEMP\jenkins483586556774856213.bat&#xA;&#xA;C:\Users\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\Workspace&amp;gt;call run.bat &#xA;&#xA;C:\Users\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\Workspace&amp;gt;protractor config2.js &#xA;'protractor' is not recognized as an internal or external command,&#xA;operable program or batch file.&#xA;&#xA;C:\Users\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\protractor\Workspace&amp;gt;exit 1 &#xA;Build step 'Execute Windows batch command' marked build as failure&#xA;Finished: FAILURE&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T07:22:36.363" LastActivityDate="2018-12-11T11:09:00.253" Title="Running Protractor tests from Jenkins" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30875" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30873" CreationDate="2017-12-07T08:17:58.933" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;20% of the features deliver 80% of the value. If you deliver in small chunks hopefully people can start using the most valuable features after the first 2-3 months already. Now you might get a paradigm-shift, probably you will not need the two years of imagined features. Let's say the business owners get new insights and make a small shift in functionality, but you want to keep using the already delivered features how are you going to make sure you didn't break anything? Manual regression testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would always advise starting test automation from the start of the project. More and more common is a test-first approach in the form of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-Driven Development&lt;/a&gt;. Per feature I would write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lots of unit-tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A couple of integration tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One happy path end-to-end test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One negative end-to-end test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is another opinion in the test community. That creating test automation for software that is still in a lot of flux, e.g. the user interface changes a lot of the time, you should wait until the UI stabilises, because rewriting you tests are expensive. I think this is a false presumption and comes from the thought that most if not all automated tests are end-to-end. Which are indeed slow and expensive to develop and maintain. This happens when the developers have no experience with lower-levels of test automation and the testers have only experience with end-to-end test automation. I think this could be a result of not applying the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;test-pyramid&lt;/a&gt; correctly when gathering skills for the development team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think it is important that the developers can &lt;a href=&quot;https://refactoring.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;refactor&lt;/a&gt; their code in safety for longer running projects. They should be confident to make architectural changes to the project to keep it understandable and maintainable. To be able to do this in small steps you need lots of fast automated tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T13:16:41.743" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T13:16:41.743" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30876" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-07T09:22:30.753" Score="0" ViewCount="227" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am confused about whether the severity of the defect is set based on its impact on business (getting the desired result) or on testing (its impact on continuing the testing of a feature).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example: Say the system contains two tools Quick Search and Search by Attribute. I used quick search to search for landmark but an error message is displayed. So as a workaround (to get the desired result) I used the search by attribute tool and get my result properly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now from the business point of view, the defect has a minor impact on the user since he is able to get expected result using an easy workaround.But from a testing point of view, it is critical (work stoppage) since as a tester I am not able to continue testing the tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So what is the severity of such defect: Critical or Minor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29177" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T12:17:35.370" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T06:42:20.550" Title="Is defect severity related to its impact on Business or on Testing workflow?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30877" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30876" CreationDate="2017-12-07T09:55:47.380" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Severity is based on its impact on funcionality of the product in the first place. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine a point of sale with possibility of contactless payment. You want to pay using NFC in your mobile phone or a contactless credit card. But it's not working. Well, you might think it's a minor defect because you still can pay using some workaround - your chip credit card or cash. But in fact it is a critical defect because contactless payment function is not working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Same thing in your case, as you describe it, the defect is not minor at all - the function &quot;Quick Search&quot; is not working. And it doesn't matter if a user can do some workaround to get the desired result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15347" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T09:55:47.380" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30878" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30876" CreationDate="2017-12-07T09:56:22.123" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, I think it makes a big difference if this feature is already live.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the Search is already in use by business...&lt;/strong&gt; then &lt;strong&gt;(A)&lt;/strong&gt; this defect might have come in via incident management. The user might have indicated how important it is, or the product owner can verify it with business when turning the incident into a backlog defect. Or &lt;strong&gt;(B)&lt;/strong&gt; a tester might have seen it, while users didn't even bother to report the issue (or didn't notice). This likely indicates a very low business impact, but should be verified with the product owner or business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If the Search is a new feature not yet released...&lt;/strong&gt; then usually the tester sets the severity (&lt;em&gt;how bad do I feel this is?&lt;/em&gt;). Presuming this is your situation, I would say:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/defect-severity-in-software-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Don't mix up priority and severity.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; In your example, the &lt;strong&gt;severity&lt;/strong&gt; could be Medium (or even Low) because the business process can continue without perceivable loss of money. But the &lt;strong&gt;priority&lt;/strong&gt; can be High, if it should be fixed and tested before the sprint or project ends (see my last paragraph regarding this). And ultimately, &lt;strong&gt;developers should work in order of priority&lt;/strong&gt; (regardless of severity).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Further thoughts:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some defect management tools have a field 'Blocking'. This could also be used to provide a work order to developers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you work with a &lt;strong&gt;Definition of Done&lt;/strong&gt; and/or &lt;strong&gt;Exit criteria&lt;/strong&gt;? For example, it might say that no story is finished if there are Critical/Major defects open (severity) or High/Medium defects open (priority). This also eliminates any discussion regarding what should be fixed by when.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T09:56:22.123" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30879" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30868" CreationDate="2017-12-07T10:45:32.557" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Source to Destination mappings is some kind of input for the Testing Phase but not exactly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Source data may be in the different format like DB, CSV, Excel, XML &amp;amp; JSON.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each format file should have the header pieces of information like &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex: Customer_ID is the header information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Source header pieces of information, we need to map to the destination fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After Mapping the source and destination need to perform the load for real data&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T10:45:32.557" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30880" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30869" CreationDate="2017-12-07T11:02:51.553" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The message &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Element &amp;lt;div class=&quot;tab iconic tab_nav_account &quot; id=&quot;account_button&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;is not clickable at point (924, 28). Other element would receive the click:&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;v-center-inner&quot;&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;shows, that your test case order to click on the element, which is present and displayed, but it is not clickable because is covered by another object as a popup, iframe or a tooltip.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So before you click on the object, you should handle the iframe/popup/tooltip and make them close/wait for them to hide.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T11:02:51.553" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30882" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30876" CreationDate="2017-12-07T12:26:58.350" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It Depends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the search feature is considered a single module with two flavors, then your defect is not as severe because part of the search is working. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If each search type (Quick Search and Search by Attribute) is considered a separate feature, then your defect is critical to the Quick Search feature because that feature can't be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is independent of the business impact (which is an indicator of the chance of a user encountering the bug and how much it will affect them), or the priority (how much the company wants that bug fixed).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T12:26:58.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30887" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30868" CreationDate="2017-12-07T15:47:08.127" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Goal of whole organization (business, developers, QA, etc) is to &lt;strong&gt;deliver the best quality product to your customers for the best price&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If mapping contributes to this goal, it should be done. If contribution is not significant, it is waste of efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your QA manager need to &lt;strong&gt;talk&lt;/strong&gt; to devs' manager and business manager how to accomplish that goal. &lt;strong&gt;Is the quality sufficient using current process?&lt;/strong&gt; If not, where your process can be improved? Maybe it is mapping. maybe something else. You know your situation and we don't.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T15:47:08.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30888" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30876" CreationDate="2017-12-07T15:52:03.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Severity is based on &lt;strong&gt;impact on users/paying customers&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If QA needs to adapt the tests: if the cost to adapt is less that cost to fix the bug, QA should adapt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA is not a golden calf to be worshiped. QA is one of the tool/group (together with business analysis, architecture, design, coding, production support) in the process of delivering quality products to customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One consideration is: if defect broke existing feature, how important is to deliver consistent product? How important is that feature to customers, do we have a workaround, and how cumbersome is it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As everything in engineering, answer is &quot;'it depends&quot;, because it is a compromise between many competing priorities.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T15:52:03.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30889" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-12-07T16:20:52.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I believe good test development strategy resembles that for building up a quality regression test suite. Devising this test suite, testing teams apply  &lt;a href=&quot;https://risk-based%20approach%20to%20selecting%20regression%20test%20case%20cases&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Risk-based approach&lt;/a&gt; to selecting regression test cases in Agile projects. The teams usually choose test cases that :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cover key product functions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are not duplicate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;stably detected bugs in the previous iterations&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the same principles can be applied to devising any test. A good test should fully cover the product functions, include test cases that hardly miss bugs and that are unique, i.e. test cases are not repeated throughout the suite. The last, but not the least: a good test should be maintainable, as the applications functionality may change oftentimes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28027" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T16:32:57.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30890" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30898" CreationDate="2017-12-07T17:02:37.267" Score="1" ViewCount="7018" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am stuck in a scenario where i have created customized java code which returns a string. Next, I am passing it in another \path with JSON request below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Given url 'url'&#xA;def browserCall = Java.type('package.browserCall')&#xA; * def parameter = browserCall.method(data)// returns a string &#xA; Given path 'path'&#xA;* request &#xA; &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA; { &#xA; &quot;data1&quot;:&quot;string&quot;,&#xA; &quot;data2&quot;:&quot;string&quot;,&#xA; &quot;data3&quot;:&quot;string&quot;,&#xA; &quot;data4&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&#xA; &quot;data5&quot;:&quot;#(responseParameter)&quot;,&#xA; &quot;data6&quot;:&quot;{\&quot;data7\&quot;:\&quot;string\&quot;,\&quot;data8\&quot;: \&quot;+parameter+\&quot;}&quot;,&#xA; &quot;data9&quot;:&quot;string&quot;&#xA; }&#xA; &quot;&quot;&quot;&#xA; When method post&#xA; Then status 200&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When i hit it I get invalid JSON data object. I tried passing parameter as '#(parameter)' under data6 but did not get luck. tried to convert parameter to json and then passed it through data 6 but still did not get luck.&#xA;I am not getting any lead. Please help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8920" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T03:02:12.927" Title="Getting issue with passing string variable in JSON request" Tags="&lt;karate&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-10T22:00:04.933" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30892" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30895" CreationDate="2017-12-07T20:01:59.413" Score="4" ViewCount="180" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's say I have a piece of software that takes X as input (information about a vehicle), processes it and then returns Y as output (valid transfers at the next stop). The way X is processed is known (including source code available).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[vehicle data] -&amp;gt; [PROCESSING (fusion, filtering)] -&amp;gt; [transfer data]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The processing part involves retrieving ever changing online data (transfers at the given stop). No verified input and the corresponding output is provided. The testing is not about what load the server can take care of but rather if the software that was developed doesn't output garbage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The input is fused and filtered (individual filters are known in detail; for example excluding a transfer as a valid one due to departure time being before the arrival time of own vehicle) with data from a remote server and a specific output is expected. Due to the dynamic nature of the remote server's content and the inability to access and alter the data it sends (in order to cover various test cases including deliberately inserting content that will try and break the software) I'm currently looking into mimicking the server (so that the data can be changed at will). However the problem remains - how am I supposed to say &quot;This server gives you Y if you input X&quot; and be sure that the mapping between input and output is correct?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29588" LastEditorUserId="29588" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T20:53:13.477" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T23:44:02.267" Title="How to verify software when no pre-verified input and the corresponding output are given?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30893" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30892" CreationDate="2017-12-07T20:25:25.160" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;When you take X as input process it and then returns Y as output.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can you try asking business analyst regarding the business rule regarding how X is &quot;processed&quot;? Or if it is possible, can you try asking developers about how this processing algorithm looks like?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The input is fused and filtered with data from a remote server and a specific output is expected.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looks like you will need to verify with developers or business analysts regarding this filtering rules (algorithm) as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;in order to cover various test cases including deliberately inserting content that will try and break the software.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are talking about some kind of boundary / stress testing, again you will need to find out where the boundaries are somehow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I admit that sometimes, you can not find all the information you need in a 100% transparent fashion; if that is the case, you will need to use common senses or a rule of thumb or experimenting. For example, the developers may not even know how many concurrent users it takes to crash a server, then you will need to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Build an isolated testing environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Simulate a large number of concurrent users on this isolated testing environment, say 10k, if this does not kill the server, increase it to 15k and so on until the server breaks down, then you will know you have managed to find a breaking point via experiment. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T20:25:25.160" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30894" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30892" CreationDate="2017-12-07T20:59:34.827" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the kind of situation where a static version of the remote server with known good and known problematic data is essential.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your version can be a server that mimics the real one, or it can be a set of mock objects with rules about what they should return for a given call, depending on just how complicated the data you're working with happens to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;While you can evaluate what you receive in live data, you absolutely need a known canonical source of transfer data to work with so you can verify your application's handling of the data with confidence. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd suggest that your first priority should be to get a copy of real data that's been sanitized to remove/change anything that could identify a real user or real vehicle. That lives in your environment and gets modified and patched to remain as faithful a reflection as possible of the type of data held by the real environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't do that, you will need to construct a mockup to match the real environment. The risk you run with that is tailoring your mock environment to your scenarios and missing important variations in data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either way, you'd want to do your primary validation against your known data source, and sanity checks against the real source to ensure that everything continues to flow correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T20:59:34.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30895" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30892" CreationDate="2017-12-07T22:02:44.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The correct mapping from inputs to outputs is a matter of policy. Somebody somewhere has a policy that defines what correct means. Either that, or you've found scenarios for which policy has not been defined.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find the policy. Find the policymakers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the policy has any ambiguity (hint: it does!), test your understanding of it. Construct examples that express your understanding of the policy, and ask the policymakers to verify your understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are situations where you can't make a reasonable guess about the right answer, give a clear example of the inputs and ask the policymakers what the correct answer is.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, you can run tests even if you don't know the right answer. Even if you can't assess the output yourself, the output is information that you can present to policymakers for assessment and clarification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T22:02:44.690" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30896" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30892" CreationDate="2017-12-07T23:18:04.393" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are often a multitude of values that can be used in any application that has several inputs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For testing pick some &lt;em&gt;example&lt;/em&gt; scenarios that cover the business cases you consider to be different and worth testing.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could test for $ amounts of 1,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,11,40,50,99,100,101, 200,999,1000,5000,1000000 but in reality if the end results depends on:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;= 100&#xA;&amp;gt; 100 but &amp;lt;= 1000&#xA;&amp;gt; 1000&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you only need (boundary) cases such as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1,99,100,101,999,1000,1001&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I recently worked at a company that served thousands of zip codes.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;However they only tested one - CA 90210 !&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Why - because all they needed to test was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;blank (invalid - required)&#xA;00000 (invalid zip code)&#xA;90210 (valid 5 digits)&#xA;99999 (invalid zip code)&#xA;9999 (invalid length too short)&#xA;999999 invalid length (too long)&#xA;ABCDE (invalid format - non-digits)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If NO internal information is known I typically do exploratory manual testing poking at boundaries that usually exist for that datatype until I find the different results and then I automate based on that boundary knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-12-07T23:44:02.267" LastActivityDate="2017-12-07T23:44:02.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30898" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30890" CreationDate="2017-12-08T03:02:12.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Please read the “type conversion” section of the doc carefully: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/intuit/karate#type-conversion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/intuit/karate#type-conversion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24292" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T03:02:12.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30899" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-08T04:53:49.730" Score="8" ViewCount="250" Body="&lt;p&gt;In traditional testing follow a fairly simple model in which there are test cases written beforehand for all the possible use cases and then after the test cases are final, they are executed &amp;amp; raise bugs for fail one until they all pass this is one of the traditional model works very well. In the same way, there should be some most effective model or process for Exploratory Testing so here my question is What is the best process to start &amp;amp; perform Exploratory Testing in the most effective way?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T12:25:22.633" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T20:49:30.540" Title="What is the best way to start &amp; perform Exploratory Testing?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;exploratory&gt;&lt;test-execuation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30900" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30899" CreationDate="2017-12-08T05:47:28.497" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exploratory testing is an experience based testing technique, so it mostly depends on whoever executes the test. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having said that, James Bach outlines a few good points that we can potentially benefit from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An exploratory test session often begins with a charter, which states the mission and perhaps some of the tactics to be used. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;From my personal experiences, this test charter should be as vague as possible, this way, it does not limit the testers' imagination in anyway.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Explore and analyze the subject under test, break it down into elements, produce a test coverage based on the elements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Identify and test all claims from the subject under test's manual / specification, test every single one of them.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define workflows through the subject under test and try each one, each workflow should represent realistic scenarios of use. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;In my personal experiences, occasionally we need to test unrealistic scenarios too, as it is possible for an end-user to do so.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Start testing with a normal scenario, and scale it up in terms of number of options and factors until the subject under test breaks down.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test all fields that allow data entries, including both valid and invalid data types.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When the subject under test breaks down, analyze its error-handing capabilities.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check user-interface against windows interface standards or iOS interface standards, depending on the context.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is there any way to corrupt a configuration file? A data file? How does the subject under test tell if a file is corrupted? How does it handle this corrupted file?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Integration-test this subject under test with external applications.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;My personal recommendation: time-box exploratory tests. Say, 2 hours per session.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide detailed test reports when test concludes.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T03:24:19.217" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T03:24:19.217" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30901" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30876" CreationDate="2017-12-08T06:42:20.550" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Severity of a bug means how bug prevents User to complete desired action in everyday use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If User can find results by using &quot;Serach by Attribute&quot;, then there is a workaround so severity of a bug goes down to &quot;Major&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there is no workaround, its Critical or Blocker.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19473" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T06:42:20.550" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30903" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27220" CreationDate="2017-12-08T09:28:56.580" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You may create a method like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;private YourPageObject selectFromDropdown(String whatIwantToSelect)&#xA;    {&#xA;        new WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(By.cssselector(&quot;a[class=\&quot;dropdown-toggle\&quot;]&quot;))).click();&#xA;        Select select = new Select(By.cssselector(&quot;a[class=\&quot;dropdown-toggle\&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;        select.selectByVisibleText(whatIwantToSelect);&#xA;        return this;    &#xA;    }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27646" LastEditorUserId="27646" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T10:11:52.507" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T10:11:52.507" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30907" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30948" CreationDate="2017-12-08T16:30:50.930" Score="2" ViewCount="580" Body="&lt;p&gt;In Microsoft Test Manager, via the Team Foundation Server Web Interface or the Stand Alone Test Manager 2017 Application, what is the best way to copy test case steps and copy test cases from one folder to another?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to be able to modify the copied test cases without it changing the original test case. is that possible? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1871" LastEditorUserId="1871" LastEditDate="2017-12-08T16:39:28.313" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T06:52:48.000" Title="In Microsoft Test Manager, what is the best way to copy test cases that allows modification without changing original" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;tfs&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30909" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16521" CreationDate="2017-12-08T17:30:53.063" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes Microsoft Test Manager is included with Visual Studio 2015 Enterprise. If it was not installed by default, you can go to Add/Remove Programs &gt; Modify Installation and add it in. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Visual Studio Testing Tools enables development teams ensure higher quality applications and adopt latest testing practices. These Testing tools provide insightful information enabling development teams to reproduce  and fix issues sooner and faster. Ensuring higher quality applications and a better customer experience. In addition, the testing team can be more productive while planning, executing and tracking tests, both with the web-based test tools using Visual Studio Team Services or with the rich experience provided by Visual Studio and Microsoft Test Manager&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Read more info at &lt;a href=&quot;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/devops/2015/12/10/visual-studio-2015-test-tools-getting-started-content/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/devops/2015/12/10/visual-studio-2015-test-tools-getting-started-content/&lt;/a&gt; and see videos at &lt;a href=&quot;https://channel9.msdn.com/Series/Test-Tools-in-Visual-Studio&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://channel9.msdn.com/Series/Test-Tools-in-Visual-Studio&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1871" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T17:30:53.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30910" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-08T18:57:00.343" Score="2" ViewCount="8171" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to setup a socks5 proxy in ChromeDriver. I have used the below code for setting that up in C#:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;var options = new ChromeOptions();&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;var proxy = new Proxy() &#xA;  { Kind=ProxyKind.Manual, &#xA;  IsAutoDetect = false, SocksProxy = &quot;proxy url with port number&quot;, &#xA;  SocksUsername =&#xA;  username, SocksPassword = password };&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;options.Proxy = proxy;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;var chrome = new ChromeDriver(options);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code is giving below exception:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;System.InvalidOperationException: 'unknown error: cannot parse&#xA;  capability: proxy from unknown error: proxyType is 'manual' but no&#xA;  manual proxy capabilities were found&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried adding socks5 proxy using &lt;code&gt;options.AddArguments&lt;/code&gt; but that is also not working. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help solving this please?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5087" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T20:12:32.967" Title="How to set socks5 proxy for Selenium ChromeDriver C# or Java?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;proxy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-10T21:59:38.117" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30913" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30679" CreationDate="2017-12-08T19:38:42.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will need to consider setting the Firefox profile with expected mime type for the content to be download. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;BrowserOption with  Name = &quot;browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk&quot;&#xA;  Value = &quot;text/plain, application/vnd.ms-excel, text/csv,&#xA;  application/csv, text/comma-separated-values, application/download,&#xA;  application/octet-stream, binary/octet-stream, application/binary,&#xA;  application/x-unknown&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This worked in my case. When you are manually downloading the file, that time you will need to see for the mime type in developer tools else try using above while creating new Firefox session. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5087" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T19:38:42.417" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30914" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-12-08T19:44:19.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated tests serve two goals:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;gate control&lt;/strong&gt; -- they decide when to release new software or move the software from one test environment to another&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;discovering new bugs&lt;/strong&gt; -- they help identifying new unexpected bugs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Each goal has different requirements and thus tests that are often good for discovering new bugs might be bad for gate control. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Most of the answers here discuss only tests for gate control, called regression tests, so I will only summarize what has been written here. Tests for gate control need to be precise, deterministic, stable, and fast, with assertions written explicitly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tests for discovering new bugs are different. They have higher recall but lower precision: they can have more failures but those failures might be false negatives. Hence, failures require more analysis and troubleshooting. Tests for discovering new bugs are usually longer, touching multiple parts of the system and non-deterministic (e.g., can have an element of randomness like fuzzy tests). They fail when something unexpected occurs, but unlike in regression tests, you don't have all assertions written explicitly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wayne Matthias Roseberry from Microsoft writes about this in his article &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://uploads.pnsqc.org/2016/papers/12.WinningWithFlakyTestAutomation.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Winning with Flaky Test Automation&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T07:31:22.447" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T07:31:22.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30915" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30910" CreationDate="2017-12-08T20:12:32.967" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the nuget packages for Selenium 2.50.1 with this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions(); &#xA;proxy = new Proxy(); &#xA;proxy.Kind = ProxyKind.Manual; &#xA;proxy.IsAutoDetect = false; &#xA;proxy.HttpProxy = proxy.SslProxy = &quot;127.0.0.1:3330&quot;; &#xA;options.Proxy = proxy; &#xA;options.AddArgument(&quot;ignore-certificate-errors&quot;); &#xA;var chromedriver = new ChromeDriver(options);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your proxy requires user log in, you can set the proxy with login user/password details as below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options.AddArguments(&quot;--proxy-server=http://user:password@yourProxyServer.com:8080&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1871" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T20:12:32.967" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30916" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30868" CreationDate="2017-12-08T22:25:32.540" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes and No. The developers mapping should not be a secret, but what if the developer misinterpreted the business requirement and their mapping is wrong? I would first validate that the mapping matches the requirements (and that nothing was overlooked) and then use the mapping as a basis for generating test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-12-08T22:25:32.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30917" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30929" CreationDate="2017-12-08T23:37:54.773" Score="2" ViewCount="2507" Body="&lt;p&gt;I made a post api call and got a &quot;400 Bad Request&quot; in the response. The response body has a one line message about an unspecified database commit transaction failure. After checking several times, I found that my request is 100% correct. Other people found the same issue too, despite making correct requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How should we deal with bugs like these ? Should we close such bugs because the issue does not occur anymore or demand an investigation ? I'd prefer the latter option though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19669" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T13:11:56.670" Title="API call returns 400 bad request even when the request is correct?" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30918" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30927" CreationDate="2017-12-09T08:36:39.463" Score="6" ViewCount="107" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is my curiosity based question, neither I am a virus writer nor trying to learn how to be, I just can't imagine these people destroy dozens of computers for each virus as per my understanding software is software - it needs to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T12:06:26.500" Title="How do computer virus writers test their viruses?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;open-source&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30919" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30920" CreationDate="2017-12-09T09:02:09.130" Score="3" ViewCount="216" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working in a organization since 3 month as an automation engineer. Sometime I feel comfortable with my work,Here my responsibilities are analyze end to end product feature, automate them, help out colleagues and troubleshooting the problems. Everything are fine they are happy with my performance no doubt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the manual testing process here is not good. Its a startup organization, and we are following Agile (somewhere there is lacking to follow complete process) also using JIRA . The person who take care all the project related things andd coordinate with the company owner is not from technical background. He thoughts like we can work like machine, He don't want to allow all the team to use JIRA (time consuming process as per him) and want to work in adhoc manner and everything in hurry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So sometime, i also need to look some manual testing (7-8 hrs in a week). The process and atmosphere sometime irritates me even most of colleagues are on same point.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, can someone suggest, How do a person deal in such situation ? Obviously Only I can not establish or change the process. But can approach to some technical person on upper level ? OR do i have concentrate on my work and provide the output they expecting from me without involving in top level management things ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-12-09T09:41:42.493" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T21:07:00.267" Title="How to deal with non process oriented organization?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testing-team&gt;&lt;management&gt;&lt;qa-process&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30920" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30919" CreationDate="2017-12-09T12:34:05.183" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience this tension is fairly typical in every organization I work in.  My advice:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Criticism is often not received well so I focus more on improvement suggestions&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Consider a 1:1 with the person concerned to go over your concerns in more detail&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use analogies like Oil Changes, Investments, Plants, Gardens to refer to the investment of time and resources to maintain quality.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Find out the right balance in your organization so that you are both getting stuff done but also contributing suggestions for change.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read a lot of leadership style books in the Agile space so you can make better arguments and refer to more real world examples others have seen.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Show your passion for automation by making it a frequent topic of conversation... without being annoying.  This is hard.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mostly think about &quot;how can I better advocate for higher quality and better process and more automation as part of that&quot; rather than &quot;how can I deal with this person's issues&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T12:34:05.183" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30921" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30919" CreationDate="2017-12-09T14:29:32.587" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a concept called &lt;strong&gt;technical debt.&lt;/strong&gt; It means that you have to pay later, with interest, if you &quot;save&quot; the effort now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Technical debt is not all bad.&lt;/em&gt; Especially for a startup. If you need time-to-market now, or if there is a big trade fair, or if you are only capitalized for half a year anyway, it does not pay to spend weeks and months building the perfect software project to get really efficient a couple of years from now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is up to the management to make that call. But the technical folks must explain to them what is happening. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;I have this test case. Running it manually takes one hour. Automating it takes two working days. That means the automation will pay for itself a dozen releases from now. So tell me, are we going to automate it now, or later, or never?&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12239" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T14:29:32.587" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30922" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30305" CreationDate="2017-12-09T15:43:09.443" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are running tests on simulator, you can use any sniffer like Fiddler, Charles or mitproxy (which is free) to see endpoints and requests-responses details &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T15:43:09.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30923" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28113" CreationDate="2017-12-09T20:44:19.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Considering page loading issues in Single page applications, especially if its angular, then definitely I would suggest going for &lt;strong&gt;Protractor with Jasmine/Or Mocha with Chai&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is a non-angular application, then you may use choose webDriverJS(selenium JavaScript binding) as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of syntax, Jasmine similar to RSpec is a BDD framework, in case you are not aware of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For JavaScript unit testing, you may utilize the same structure of tests with &lt;strong&gt;Jasmine and Karma&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-07-19T23:10:56.333" LastActivityDate="2018-07-19T23:10:56.333" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30924" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30919" CreationDate="2017-12-09T21:07:00.267" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Go Agile.Take small steps.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest,at this point in time purely focus on manual testing and &quot;test process&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take small steps, small process improvements, sell its tangible benefits to the stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of simply saying &quot;process is good&quot;, prove it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-09T21:07:00.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30925" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30480" CreationDate="2017-12-10T01:04:56.483" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are a few General Test cases for Push notification functionality, you can relate these test cases to your mobile application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if the app is open.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if the app is closed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if the device is locked.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if user playing the game.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if another app is in use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received in multiple time zones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification is clickable &amp;amp; it's open up the notification.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the sound, vibration &amp;amp; blinking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification when the user is not SignIn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification should get removed from notification bar once&#xA;the notification is opened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify when the notification comes &amp;amp; device is locked, if user open&#xA;the device with sliding the notification then the application should get launched &amp;amp; navigate to that specific notification (App in the background).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify when notification comes in foreground, then the notification&#xA;will display directly on the app (App in foreground).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify repeated notification multiple times and check notification is&#xA;in the order.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify recent notification message always should be on the top in&#xA;stack.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify when user didn't click on a banner then the notification count&#xA;should get updated on the icon of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify prevent repeating the same notification over and over again by&#xA;the possible triggers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T01:12:26.720" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T01:12:26.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30926" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30899" CreationDate="2017-12-10T11:54:13.407" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;In traditional testing the test cases written beforehand for all the possible use cases&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Agile you try to build the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilenutshell.com/simplest_thing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;simplest thing&lt;/a&gt; that might work. We use &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/testfirst.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-First&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TDD&lt;/a&gt; instead of writing &lt;strong&gt;ALL&lt;/strong&gt; test use cases upfront, which greatly differs from requirements design and waterfall. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The idea is to implement &lt;strong&gt;ONE&lt;/strong&gt; test/use-case, learn from it and decide what the next one will be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Continue that cycle until the team has delivered something working. Now they can start exploring it. I think exploratory testing should result in indicating &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@NReijmersdal/the-test-eiffeltower-versus-test-pyramids-3b15e8621122#d790&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gaps in your test automation&lt;/a&gt; and give you an idea of the usability from a user-centric view.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some other questions that cover Exploratory Testing in more detail:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/30079/is-there-any-standard-or-pattern-of-doing-exploratory-testing&quot;&gt;Is there any standard or pattern of doing Exploratory Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/9303/where-in-the-process-is-exploratory-testing-executed&quot;&gt;Where in the process is Exploratory Testing executed?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/11789/is-exploratory-testing-a-core-part-of-agile-methodology&quot;&gt;Is Exploratory Testing a Core part of Agile Methodology?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T12:45:04.097" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T12:45:04.097" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30927" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30918" CreationDate="2017-12-10T12:06:26.500" Score="3" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;it needs to be tested&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does it? If you release a virus into the wild and it does not infect anyone you could say that is a form of testing in production. Gives enough feedback to see if you are on the right track, not? Testing in production is not always a bad thing, estimate your risks. Can you monitor the behaviour of the application continuously and adapt?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How do computer virus writers test their viruses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let imagine you are virus writer for a government agency. How would testing the software be different then any other form of software testing? You have expected behaviour which you need to validate, just like with any other piece of software. Second you would want some form of risk analyses. Chance it can be tracked back to its creator, Chance it would be found fast, Does it pass regular anti-virus protection, etc... leading to test and mitigation actions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simulation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on your target you might need to simulate its environment. I guess you could setup a couple of virtual or physical machines to simulate the network you would like to penetrate. E.g. testing a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;StuxNet&lt;/a&gt; targeting specific components in nuclear-power-plants is different then generating e-mail zombies. Still to test it you would likely need to have a simulation environment. Just like a testing/staging environment, just a little bit more complex in some cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T12:06:26.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30929" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30917" CreationDate="2017-12-10T12:33:56.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I like how Micheal Bolton (&amp;amp; James Bach) explains it in their &lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/WYZDvSOW8lw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing Quadrants&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Investigate Mysteries &amp;amp; Tell compelling bug stories&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So no, it is not correct and probably it is worth investigating further. If it happend once it will probably happen again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So, what we typically call an intermittent problem is: a mysterious&#xA;  and undesirable behavior of a system, observed at least once, that we&#xA;  cannot yet manifest on demand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Our challenge is to transform the intermittent bug into a regular bug&#xA;  by resolving the mystery surrounding it. After that it’s the&#xA;  programmer’s headache.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Read more: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/34&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Investigate Intermittent Problems&lt;/a&gt; from James Bach's Blog&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bugs also tend to cluster, so figuring this one out, might also catch some other issues. Once it is found you will be rewarded, atleast with a good story others can learn from in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do try to estimate risks versus effort, maybe instead of pouring in infinite resources, decide how you could prevent or detect it better in the future. Creating better logging and monitoring, hopefully making it easier to solve the mysterie in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One bad request might not be such a big deal, but loss of data that happend once is. Could the bad request lead to a chain of events breaking something else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Story of data loss&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I once had an loss of data incident that after a short mysterie hunting we called a fluke. We thought it was due to the testing environment using old badly migrated data or something we didn't fully understand. Until we released to production and one of our clients lost the same data. In the end it was cause by a triple click on something where it lost a reference needed for coupling data. When saved the connecting reference would be removed, not just on this save, but on all data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After it happend in production it took me two full days to reproduce it. Thankfully we had good backup, still next time I would rather spend the two days before releasing it into production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T12:33:56.923" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30930" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-10T13:43:18.557" Score="3" ViewCount="2881" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have 2.3 years of experience in development (Core Java). Recently I Switched to a new company. I have experience only in core Java so I'm facing difficulty to get development project. Now I got project in Automation Testing. Development to Testing, Is it good career move ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29616" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-12-10T21:58:31.537" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T02:05:24.670" Title="Switching to Automated Testing from Development, is it good career move?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-12-11T03:55:35.163" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30932" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9292" CreationDate="2017-12-10T15:57:28.087" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you produce a matrix of all combinations, that is called the “cartesian product.” See &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_product&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_product&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="593" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T15:57:28.087" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30933" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30930" CreationDate="2017-12-10T23:12:16.173" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Development to Testing, Is it good career move ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be a terrific move, if you want a career in testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If instead you are only doing it because you are having a hard time finding a development job, it may not be so good.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="68" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T23:12:16.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30934" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30930" CreationDate="2017-12-10T23:30:18.360" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe a person can be successful in any undertaking if(and only if) he really does it with passion and conviction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T23:30:18.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30935" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29689" CreationDate="2017-12-10T23:38:09.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It has been a while since I have used testlink, but have you considered trying to use the keywords feature to manage your scenarios?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I believe each test case can have multiple keywords assigned and each keyword can be used on any number of test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could prefix the keywords with &quot;Scenario-&quot; to make them manageable along with your other keywords.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14794" LastActivityDate="2017-12-10T23:38:09.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30936" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30917" CreationDate="2017-12-11T01:13:29.827" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Work with the maintainer of the API and explain the issues and ask them to adjust the code on their end so that the error generates a 404 return code ('resource not found', applies to any entity for which a request was made but not satisfied) instead of a 400 - Bad Request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failing this or a quick response from the maintainer, when you get a 400, check if the body has the &quot;unspecified database commit transaction failure&quot; message and if so treat the error as a 404, resource not available (it applies to more than just pages, hence 'resource') and act accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T01:13:29.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30937" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30930" CreationDate="2017-12-11T02:05:24.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since the beginning, software development automated processes or made it simplier to access information. Either way, you always needed people to test as it is part of the development life cycle. The more complex the product, the more QA processes/people were needed. It can vary from product to product. But you usually have at least few people verifying the quality of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your question is legit as you can smell where we are heading. Quality is being enforced right at the beginning of development, hence developers are asked more and more about automated testing skills and knowledge of BDD/TDD. Though it is still not yet applicable to all products, we live in a cloudish world where platforms allowing fast development is being introduced every now and then. This makes the market extremely competitive and those who cannot reduce their time to market can easily be crushed. Think about this scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Your company develops product X and has a QA departement that requires 1 month to test and validate a new release. If a bug is found, the whole thing has to restart plus the development of the fix.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Now you have this company B who develops Y, a very similar product as yours. This hip company adopts a full DevOps/agile/etc. methodology where they push little changes to the users every day fully tested. A month QA process is untinckable here. Hence, the testers are developers part of the team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the career prospect, I would suggest you either be a tester part of &quot;DevOps&quot; team which will keep you QA but with the latest tools available. Or switch all together to developper. The best would be to start being QA part of the team and to progressively merge. I am not saying QA is dead, but in today's landscape, it is preferable to master automated testing ASAP for career sake.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28811" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T02:05:24.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30938" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30899" CreationDate="2017-12-11T03:12:30.517" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;written beforehand for all the possible use cases&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;that you can think of before getting your hands on the product&quot; would complement the statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And since one cannot know everything beforehand, one would start ~&lt;strong&gt;exploring&lt;/strong&gt;~ the product for possible risks, trying to uncover places where one should investigate for things that should not be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;what is the best process to start &amp;amp; perform Exploratory Testing&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will not find this answer anywhere; and if you could find it, it would not be the best process right after, because of ~&lt;strong&gt;context&lt;/strong&gt;~. Given your domain, your resources, your knowledge of the product, the risks that you are investigating, and your general experience with testing and &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; given time, you would come up with a different strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A better question would be: &quot;How to improve myself as a tester?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basic trident for personal improvement, on my view is (no order is implied here):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Try; -&gt; Gain experience&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Read; -&gt; Know other's experiences&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Write. -&gt; Share your experiences and get feedback&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to do it in practice?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Open source projects on a specific domain/technology (LibreOffice is a great pick);&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - RSS feeds, books, Slack channels, forums;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Blog and speaking - begin with in your company and local communities and expand from there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are new to the field, it's good to have some vocabulary:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/istqb-certification-the-definitive-guide/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Guide&lt;/a&gt; can help you with that. I recommend reading the Chapter 1.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are not familiar with the agile approach, a fast reading for the is also the &lt;a href=&quot;http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-the-istqb-agile-tester-extension-certification/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB Agile Guide&lt;/a&gt;. But for a deep dive, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0321534468&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing&lt;/a&gt; book is excellent.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, about testing engineering, I recommend the following blog posts and videos:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Engineering:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2011/12/what-exploratory-testing-is-not-part-1-touring/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What Exploratory Testing Is Not&lt;/a&gt; | Part 1 of 5 (Worth read all five)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/652&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Tester’s Commitments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1509&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing 3.0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/tools/procedure.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;General Functionality and Stability Test Procedure&lt;/a&gt; (Paper from 2000, where James Bach (follow this guy on Twitter) shows his process for testing the Windows OS using exploratory testing)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-ItEKt_N_s&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Understanding exploratory testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/blog/2012/07/few-hiccupps/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing oracles - HICCUPPS&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1346&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;A Test is a Performance&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testingjeff.wordpress.com/2011/04/19/testing-test-execution/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testing != test execution&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILkT_HV9DVU&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Open Lecture by James Bach on Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqwyMaHcjQE&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;James Bach on testing in an agile software development team.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastEditorUserId="22114" LastEditDate="2019-05-12T20:49:30.540" LastActivityDate="2019-05-12T20:49:30.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30939" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30834" CreationDate="2017-12-11T05:39:10.723" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Extract this &lt;code&gt;error&lt;/code&gt; value into a JMeter Variable using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSON_Extractor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSON Extractor&lt;/a&gt; configured like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Variable Names: anything meaningful, i.e. &lt;code&gt;error&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JSON Path Expressions: &lt;code&gt;$.error&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/six-tips-for-jmeter-if-controller-usage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;If Controller&lt;/a&gt; after the first sampler and use &lt;code&gt;&quot;${error}&quot; == &quot;200&quot;&lt;/code&gt; as the &quot;Condition&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Put your &quot;next&quot; requests under the If Controller&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2p4Bl.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/2p4Bl.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming everything goes well the requests which are If Controller's children will be executed only if &lt;code&gt;error&lt;/code&gt; value will be &lt;code&gt;200&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T05:39:10.723" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30940" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30941" CreationDate="2017-12-11T06:17:26.243" Score="-2" ViewCount="1795" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My code is as under:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&#xA;driver.get(url);&#xA;&#xA;//element is not found here&#xA;&#xA;driver2.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;//i want to continue the script execution &#xA;&#xA;//but the scripts comes to &#xA;&#xA;driver2.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]&quot;)); &#xA;&#xA;//and shows me fail&#xA;&#xA;driver2.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*/div/div[2]/div&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29624" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T12:23:10.410" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T10:38:38.600" Title="How do Continue the Scripts Execution Even one line fails to execute?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-12-12T02:38:41.957" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30941" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30940" CreationDate="2017-12-11T06:27:00.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To continue execution there are many ways, you can use &quot;Verify&quot; method and If condition. (if you are using java)  &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/12967/is-there-any-way-to-continue-selenium-web-driver-script-after-assert-fails&quot;&gt;fore more info click here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13179" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2017-12-21T10:38:38.600" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T10:38:38.600" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30942" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30943" CreationDate="2017-12-11T06:51:19.250" Score="0" ViewCount="1256" Body="&lt;p&gt;Want to be master in automation..so please folks help me to achieved it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know core java basic which I used in automation testing Selenium web-driver (learning phase using it for past 2-3 months).&#xA;So does learning python will help? Or should I continue it java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29626" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T17:48:30.637" Title="Is learning Python over Java is preferable in future for automation testing?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-11T12:24:58.190" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30943" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30942" CreationDate="2017-12-11T07:24:41.407" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Preferable not, more benificial maybe. Knowing more programming languages might make you language agnostic. Picking up a third new popular language later will be so much easier. Most languages do not differ so much, but Python has some interesting concepts. Also it is known for being beginner friendly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still I would try to learn one language well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With Selenium you test web applications, understanding how they work might be more important than a second language. So also do some HTML, css and JavaScript courses.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2020-03-24T17:48:30.637" LastActivityDate="2020-03-24T17:48:30.637" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="30944" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30942" CreationDate="2017-12-11T08:10:16.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It really doesn't matter. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to &quot;master&quot; automation you will need so much more (knowledge) than being proficient with one programming language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will need many years to master automation skills. In that time, you will learn more than one language in advanced, if being &quot;master&quot; is really what you want to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T08:10:16.540" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30945" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30942" CreationDate="2017-12-11T09:13:19.430" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automation in testing is more than scripting Selenium tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Knowing one programming language you can solve many other problems. For instance, knowing &quot;only&quot; Java I was able to solve problems like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automate tests for Web services&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create mocks for SAML authentication&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;find random users for parallel tests so they do not overlap&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;find random flights matching certain criteria for tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compare configurations in DBs between two environments&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create authentication libraries for other teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create tools to convert HTTP requests to curl commands&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the problem you can solve in your team?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T09:13:19.430" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30948" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30907" CreationDate="2017-12-11T10:03:14.337" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;For that, you need to create a clone of the test case, for that you may use the following steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go the test case and right click on it. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on &lt;strong&gt;Create Copy and add to suite&lt;/strong&gt; option in the list.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make the change if you want (Here you can modify test case independently without affecting other).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click on &lt;strong&gt;Save and Close&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now drag and drop that test case to other suites.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T10:13:50.897" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T10:13:50.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30949" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-11T10:46:21.233" Score="2" ViewCount="517" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in integrating JIRA with Microsoft Test Manager. One of the reasons for this integration is to track bugs in JIRA which was originally logged in Microsoft Test Manager (MTM) i.e log a defect in MTM then have this defect created in JIRA and once the defect has been resolved and is ready for the retest, an update on the bug status made in JIRA would then update the bug status in MTM as ready for the retest.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T10:51:52.467" LastActivityDate="2018-04-11T19:21:34.767" Title="JIRA integration with Microsoft Test Manager for bug tracking" Tags="&lt;mtm&gt;&lt;jira&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30950" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-11T10:58:44.333" Score="0" ViewCount="618" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have an automated blazemeter (load testing software) that takes 20 to 30 minutes to do its work. While my blazemeter script is running I want to stop my Selenium script and after that I want to collect the reports. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to do this? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which type of wait should  I use for this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29250" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T12:38:37.250" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T17:47:17.057" Title="How to stop selenium script for 20 minutes" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-12-12T17:52:07.293" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30951" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="55" CreationDate="2017-12-11T11:04:17.217" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Great Question&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my experience, it's very difficult to get a right employee who has very good judgment, sharp focus, attention &amp;amp; great observation skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Earlier it was very difficult to filter right candidate but our team come with some solution for that We made some minor changes in our interview process as follows:-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now before conducting F2F interview We give some Android/iOS application's &amp;amp; instruction sheet to the candidate and ask to perform any type of testing(functional, GUI, Usability, Security....etc ) &amp;amp; find any kind of the bug based on this instruction. We give around 1 hour time to the candidate to find bugs as much as He/she can find. If the candidate is able to find even a single bug then we go for next round F2F interview otherwise we don't proceed with the candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This small change saves a lot of time of our working employee &amp;amp; it helps us to figure out these basic qualities of the candidate like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Judgement Capability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decision making capability (Bug or not)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attention to details (Instruction sheet)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Efficiency of the candidate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on random application (Layman approach)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flexibility with the situation &amp;amp; work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Observation of the random application....&amp;amp; much more&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in the F2F interview, we start to ask the question-related to AUT we ask about his experience about that hour and Other skill sets (In resume) And try to judge the above properties in a good candidate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't say that it is a standard procedure but its help us a lot to filter out a very good candidate from crowed, for our work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T11:09:47.960" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T11:09:47.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30953" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30940" CreationDate="2017-12-11T11:39:02.720" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Many frameworks have features to do it.&#xA;TestNG's &lt;a href=&quot;https://rameshbaskar.wordpress.com/2013/09/11/soft-assertions-using-testng/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;softAssert&lt;/a&gt;, for instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A solution independent of frameworks is to implement one yourself.&#xA;You will need an object which holds the falling assertions and has a method to throw all of them somehow.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try{&#xA;    assert.....&#xA;} catch(AssertError e) {&#xA;    assertHolder.hold(e);&#xA;}&#xA;(More asserts here....)&#xA;assertHolder.throwErrors();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;assertHolder's class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;hold(AssertError e) {&#xA;   this.errors.add(e);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;throwErrors() {&#xA;   errorMsg = &quot;&quot;;&#xA;   for(error in this.errors) {&#xA;       errorMsg += error.msg; // Or accumulate these messages as you want&#xA;   }&#xA;   if(errorMsg != &quot;&quot;) {&#xA;     throw(new AssertError(errorMsg);&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T11:39:02.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30954" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30950" CreationDate="2017-12-11T11:46:18.493" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have someways of doing it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - Running your blazemeter scripts as part of your selenium suite&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Discover how to call a shell command in your programming language and run your blazemeter scripts as a selenium test- execution will wait until the command ends, and your can get the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - Set a system variable&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could set your blazemeter scripts to set a global system variable to False at the beginning of its execution and to True at its end. Your selenium tests should just run when the variable is True.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T11:46:18.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30955" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30917" CreationDate="2017-12-11T11:57:08.970" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two issues here:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unspecified database commit transaction failure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;400 Bad Request when the request was actually fine and problem is on the server side&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is clear what should be an expected result for the first issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is less obvious what should be expected result for the second issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;400 is a bad error status because, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP 1.1 specs&lt;/a&gt; says, this code is when:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The request could not be understood by the server due to malformed syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Michael Durrant suggested to use 404. However, &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP 1.1 specs&lt;/a&gt; suggests that this error is returned when:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The server has not found anything matching the Request-URI. No indication is given of whether the condition is temporary or permanent. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore, I would expect 500:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;500 Internal Server Error: The server encountered an unexpected condition which prevented it from fulfilling the request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some companies do not wish to throw 500 when there's a problem with authentication to avoid giving hints about possible vulunerabilities, but I don't think this is your case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding your further questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How should we deal with bugs like these ? Should we close such bugs because the issue does not occur anymore or demand an investigation ? I'd prefer the latter option though.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think, the answer Niels van Reijmersdal, explains that pretty well :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T13:11:56.670" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T13:11:56.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30956" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30949" CreationDate="2017-12-11T12:45:45.933" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You have two main options. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A quick web search about JIRA TFS integration returns several connectors, most requiring payment. If your version of TFS is supported by the connectors, that would be your best option, because you would automatically get the MTM integration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your version of TFS is not supported, or your organization is not willing to purchase the connector, you're going to need to work with the TFS API (which is not pleasant, but can be done) and the JIRA API to build your own bridge between the two systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only other option I'm aware of is to work with manual exports and imports via spreadsheet. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T12:45:45.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30957" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25031" CreationDate="2017-12-11T15:06:48.857" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The issue arises from wrong version of &lt;code&gt;selenium-support&lt;/code&gt;, defined in pom.xml.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just wanted to point out that &lt;code&gt;selenium-java&lt;/code&gt; already contains a reference to &lt;code&gt;selenium-support&lt;/code&gt;, thus no separate dependency declaration is needed for &lt;code&gt;selenium-support&lt;/code&gt; as the correct version will be used by Maven automatically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8058" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T15:06:48.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30958" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-11T15:32:49.650" Score="12" ViewCount="1612" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have been developing wifi/2g boards that communicate to a server and store data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This project has been running for several years already, and we are constantly updating both boards' firmware and server software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every now and then something fails, and most often detected by a client, when it's too late and that failure caused something worse.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've conducted many tests in a controlled environment, and every time I think of a new test I do it as soon as possible, but lately I'm running out of ideas on what to test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The boards are quite complex, and uses several chips for different purposes, so the testing involves hardware tests as well as software. &#xA;I'm looking for a better approach to finding better testing methods, because obviously I'm always missing something.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not suggesting that I'll be able to predict every possible case (impossible), I'm just looking for some guidelines on how to improve my tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29635" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-12-11T15:56:48.857" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T23:03:00.600" Title="Test for unknown issues" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30959" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2017-12-11T15:59:00.560" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start with Python, without any doubt&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python can make huge difference for beginner. I remember that child of one of my friend spent few weeks in a summer camp learning Java or C++, and got really confused and not sure anymore he wants to study computers. I started Python interpreter and shown him how easy things can be, and I remember the smile on his face which explained everything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python is &lt;strong&gt;much easier to start with&lt;/strong&gt;, for several reasons:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;dynamic typing&lt;/strong&gt;: if type of your variable is OK (which usually is), things &quot;just work&quot;). In Java, types are much more complicated and messy.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;interpreter&lt;/strong&gt;, which allows you to program &lt;strong&gt;&quot;one line of code at a time&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; and try expressions without the need to write small program to test concepts, like you have to do in Java&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;huge library of convenient functions, called &quot;batteries included&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;debugger&lt;/strong&gt; which allows you trivially examine you objects and which methods they have. So instead of spending hours reading docs, you can experiment in your code&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;lots of &lt;strong&gt;free online resources&lt;/strong&gt; for learning the language, including excellent online courses, some even using &lt;strong&gt;&quot;python in your browser&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; approach, so yo don't even need to install Python&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Python is &lt;strong&gt;first language designed to be read by human as first priority&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Python code can be procedural (easiest to start with and comprehend), object-oriented or functional. You can start with simple procedures, and using existing Python objects will satisfy your needs for long time. In Java, objects are the only way. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java objects are often they are confusing: in example, there are multiple integer types: &lt;code&gt;Integer&lt;/code&gt; (which is object), and &lt;code&gt;int&lt;/code&gt;, which is not. I've seen the confusion it caused to beginners first-hand, and few more, with different precision (how many digits they can hold). Using wrong type in Java will cause compile-time or worse runtime error. Python has just one integer type, and will convert internally to whatever precision you need. Same with array size: If your data increased and will not fit, Java will have runtime error, Python will double the array size.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python is excellent also for many tasks for which Java is not a good fit: small little programs to manipulate files, parse and analyze text files like log files, to automate system administration tasks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Python was designed for people who are not experts in computer science/engineering, and need a &lt;strong&gt;language which works hard to help them to solve their problems&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Disclaimer: Obviously, there is no silver bullet. Even in Python, if you use wrong type, you will get runtime error. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T15:59:00.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30960" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30950" CreationDate="2017-12-11T16:07:59.720" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your Selenium code can use wait only for something which is on the screen/webpage. So does your webpage reflects status of blazemeter: keep waiting vs ok to continue? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If not, you can use your underlying code to check for some condition which blazemeter changes when it is OK to continue (query if could continue, wait some more if not).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T16:07:59.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30961" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30958" CreationDate="2017-12-11T16:09:03.597" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's difficult to answer without more details, and as you say it's a complicated system. But there are some things you should try nonetheless.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One thing you can try is doing root cause analysis to see where do bugs come from and than focus testing there., especially if more than one bug was originated from an RCA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good way to do that is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Whys&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;asking the 5 whys&lt;/a&gt;, but be warned that there is a good chance you will end up with a procedural answer (not enough design, code wasn't reviewed or something similar) that doesn't help in locating vulnerable areas for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another thing worth trying is collecting information about the bugs in a table and trying to find correlations in things like sub module, developer, dates, programming language or environment. I am not a big believer in defect clustering as a catch all term but it worth a try.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T16:09:03.597" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30962" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30958" CreationDate="2017-12-11T16:09:16.593" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You obviously will never be able to test everything (because the number of things you could test is infinite), but you can take a risk-based approach to prioritizing what you test. For example, if you've done a risk assessment of your product, you might make sure to spend a lot of time covering cases that could lead to the most serious failures.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also see that you've tagged this &lt;code&gt;manual-testing&lt;/code&gt;. You could also improve your effectiveness by looking for ways to automate more of your test suite, especially since you mention constant updates. This will give you a good &quot;safety net&quot; to ensure changes don't break things you had previously tested. Even if you're testing systems involving hardware, there are techniques you can use to automate. Googling for &quot;hardware in the loop testing&quot; may yield some ideas--sorry I can't speak much from actual experience here but this is something we're hoping to do more of in our hardware/software systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In terms of improving your actual tests, there are quite a few books on test design and test techniques. I haven't read the first one in the list yet, but here are some helpful resources:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0201796198&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Break Software&lt;/a&gt;, by James Whittaker. There are two other books in this series focused on web software and security, respectively.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1118031962&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;The Art of Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;, by Myers, Badgett, and Sandler&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0321636414&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Software Testing&lt;/a&gt;, by James Whittaker&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/1937785025&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Explore It!: Reduce Risk and Increase Confidence with Exploratory Testing&lt;/a&gt;, by Elisabeth Hendrickson&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T16:09:16.593" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30963" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30958" CreationDate="2017-12-11T16:13:03.937" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Automated regression testing. Manual testing, as you learned, just does not scale.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should have tests for when things go as expected (happy path), and when some problems are encountered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, if you can detect some common patters for problems/errors, your test can check for presence of those patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you can trust your regression tests, humans, instead of boring repeatedly manually testing same steps, can do more exploratory testing for situation which are not covered by automated test (and automate some of them).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T16:13:03.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30965" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2017-12-11T17:51:22.060" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do not tie yourself to a language. Learn the fundamentals of good programming design. Learn when to use a conditional loop, or when to make a function of inline code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I never know what language I am going to be expected to work in, but I know the fundamentals of OOP and test design. Start with pseudo coding and just work out the &quot;How&quot; you will accomplish the task. Answering the question of &quot;What&quot; language to implement or what tool to select can come later. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T17:51:22.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30966" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30958" CreationDate="2017-12-11T18:09:39.233" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are your tests primarily functional? Do you perform any unit level testing? If your problems are appearing in complex non-predictive business user workflows then you will end up just chasing your tail trying to script and assess every functional outcome. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your systemic issues may be related to a few other areas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Configuration management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Environment management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Poorly scoped or incomplete test data&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd recommend reviewing any unit testing you have in place. If you don't have unit testing then I'd start by working with your development team to close the gap.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next review your regression test bed. Do all of your tests always pass? Are you running the right tests? Have you considered taking a risk based approach to test selection? If there has been no change to an area or feature, why run the test again? Are you spending too much time running tests that are not providing you with opportunities to find issues?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do you handle negative testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally assess the other areas that are not directly related to test or test execution. Environment management and system configuration could be part of the problem. If your testing environment is not configured exactly like production you may be getting false positives during your regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T18:09:39.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30967" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30604" CreationDate="2017-12-11T18:29:41.933" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are in favor of a single QA team, then are you also in favor of shopping that work out to a consultancy firm?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA resources in an agile environment should be a part of a cross-functional development team. They should also have a community of practice for QA across the organization, so they can share tools and approaches to refine their QA practice area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are concerned about reporting of metrics across the organization, then the community of practice for the QA resources needs to define and produce a document that specifies what thee reporting requirements for the organization. It is then up to the QA resource on the project teams to implement the reporting standards.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T18:29:41.933" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30968" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30958" CreationDate="2017-12-11T23:03:00.600" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;re:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Every now and then something fails, and most often detected by a client, when it's too late and that failure caused something worse.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I've conducted many tests in a controlled environment, and every time I think of a new test I do it as soon as possible, but lately I'm running out of ideas on what to test.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I feel that the first (real world occurances) is the better guide to better tests rather than the 2nd (your thoughts).  Not that the tests should be only at the end of the process but if that is where failures show now, work your way backward from those failures to see how early in the process you could detect those sort of errors.  with tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-12-11T23:03:00.600" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30970" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30971" CreationDate="2017-12-12T02:02:02.157" Score="7" ViewCount="1125" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a project where we will not use test automation in this starting stage, at least not until first stable build is released. As we are executing test cases manually, I need your help and tips on how to reduce the Test cycle time for using manual test execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="26095" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T10:52:14.673" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T10:52:14.673" Title="How can we reduce Test Cycle time using manual test execution?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;test-execuation&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30971" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30970" CreationDate="2017-12-12T02:49:04.670" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you try:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyze your existing test cases, see if there is any double-handling / overlapping.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Break down your manual test cases into groups based on their priority and likelihood of being executed, always execute test cases with high priority first.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Break down large test cases into smaller ones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Review your test cases after each test cycle, if there are test cases that are not catching bugs, down-grade their priority and after a while, eventually remove them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T02:49:04.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30972" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30970" CreationDate="2017-12-12T03:34:01.807" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Prioritize.&#xA;Identify the core 20% test cases which covers the 80% base functionality.&#xA;Remove redundants:Identify reduntant test cases/ test steps throughout the test suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T10:05:19.723" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T10:05:19.723" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30974" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25838" CreationDate="2017-12-12T06:52:42.547" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test automation can add a lot of complexity and cost to a test team’s effort. In addition problems like including unrealistic expectations, poor testing practices, a false sense of security, maintenance costs, and other technical and organizational problems might arise. But it can also provide some valuable assistance if its done by the right people, in the right environment and done where it makes sense to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing is an expensive process. Studies show that it can take between 3 to 10 times longer to develop automated Test Suite than to create and execute manual test cases. Costs of test automation include personnel to support test automation for the long term, dedicated test environment as well as the costs for the purchase, development, and maintenance of tools.&#xA;    A common type of automated tool is the ‘record/playback’ type. For example, a tester could click through all combinations of menu choices, dialog box choices, buttons, etc. in an application GUI and have them ‘recorded’ and the results logged by a tool. The ‘recording’ is typically in the form of text based on a scripting language that is interpretable by the testing tool. If new buttons are added, or some underlying code in the application is changed, etc. the application can then be retested by just ‘playing back’ the ‘recorded’ actions, and comparing the logging results to check effects of the changes. The problem with such tools is that if there are continual changes to the system being tested, the ‘recordings’ may have to be changed so much that it becomes very time-consuming to continuously update the scripts. Additionally, interpretation of results (screens, data, logs, etc.) can be a difficult task. Note that there are record/playback tools for text-based interfaces also, and for all types of platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29646" LastEditorUserId="8583" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T08:16:37.747" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T08:16:37.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30975" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30970" CreationDate="2017-12-12T08:54:08.540" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are few ways that you can try to optimize time and requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create test plan that will cover core functionalities and make sure that this plan doesn't take more than half an hour to perform/execute, with these cases you will make sure that main functionalities are working properly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Divide cases into several modules and if development team is performing fixes, change requests or some alteration in code you will be able to quickly run test that are only affected by latest change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create regression test that will go through all functionalities but without using edge cases, this test should be performed when there is time to check global project, but should be used as a best case scenario where you expect that everything works&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26095" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T08:54:08.540" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30977" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26340" CreationDate="2017-12-12T12:07:38.143" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The error &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Element X is not clickable at point. Other element would receive the click:&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; usually means that there is another element in the way or you are unable to reach to the element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use this as solution:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = login.getDriver();&#xA;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.linkText(&quot;Tehingud&quot;));&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(element));&#xA;((JavaScriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click()&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it will always click the element even if it disabled. Most of the software testing company avoid the use of java script syntax.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To reach to the element you want to click either you can scroll to that particular element or you can use the below function. Hopefully it will work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.linkText(&quot;Tehingud&quot;)));&#xA;WebElement ele = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(&quot;Tehingud&quot;)));&#xA;Actions builder = new Actions(driver);&#xA;Action mouseOverHome = builder&#xA;                        .moveToElement(ele)&#xA;                        .build().perform().click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T13:36:29.687" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T13:36:29.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30979" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-12T15:02:36.760" Score="5" ViewCount="1884" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking to get advice on how to approach load testing using JMeter, My question is more about best practices since i am totally new to this tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am confortable working with samplers, view results and thread groups components, was able to send requests and make assertions, get tokens, create variables etc... but i cannot figure out how to approach the following scenario for say 100 user concurrently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;send login request&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use the returned token to talk to call the API endpoints&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;logout&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem occurs only when running the test for more than one user concurrently, not getting any issues running my thread solely&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;when executed concurrently,The first thread group instance always passes the auth step and run few requests but then as soon as other instances get triggered things go awry (e.g. a instance requests a token (not refresh) while the token exists already, or try to hit an endpoint when logged out...)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;how do you organize your API testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;if i am planning to test a 1000 users hitting the api concurrently, do i really need to provide 1000 account to authenticate them or are there any tips to follow?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for the same application, i've developed automated tests using js/ jasmine / protractor, is there any chance i can reuse my scenarios in jmeter? any library or plugin that may help integrate existing js tests into Jmeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;also, is recording my interactions with the app using the recorder, the best way to approach load testing SPA applications?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;any feedback is appreciated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EDIT:&lt;/strong&gt; i am not required to use JMeter, just gave it a try since it is widely used by QA professionals, i am open to suggestions on tools and ideas how to load and stress test our REST Api / AngularJS app.&#xA;I've tried Locust.io a load testing python framework, and i liked it alot, but again i am trying to stick with Java and JS based tools since those are the only technologies we are using to build and test this app, and some people of my team aren't used to nor interested in python. Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29655" LastEditorUserId="29655" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T16:20:38.087" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T10:52:14.397" Title="Authentication and load testing using JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30980" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30979" CreationDate="2017-12-12T15:43:44.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Are you positive you have parametrized your tokens appropriately? Using the debug sampler you can look at your requests and confirm that the token is being updated for each new &quot;login&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the number of logins, that depends on your API. Does the API treat the same user as part of the same session? When you login a second time with the same user do you get a new token or a cached token?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are getting a cached token, then yes - you are going to need 1000 logins. (Sorry! This is typically a huge stumbling block with load/performance testing - data setup.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never used protractor, but I doubt you can reuse anything from JMeter. If you pull open the .jmx file you will see it is just an XML file that structures the calls to the methods of the JMeter libraries. You'd have to dive into those libraries to get the actual scripted actions that are taking place when JMeter runs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With SPAs you have to pay particular attention to the web service requests that are being made. I've run into several occasions where just making an update request does not faithfully simulate a user experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When a user goes to a page and gets a list of items, the prior operation was some sort of &quot;get&quot;. You may know exactly what you want to &quot;update&quot;, but skipping all of those &quot;get&quot; operations is going to give you potential false positives. Recording &lt;em&gt;SHOULD&lt;/em&gt; capture all of that traffic - but don't assume. Post update, does your SPA refresh the content of a table or page? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll likely need to manually create &quot;update&quot; request to force the web service / server to respond to your simulation as though you are a real user. What I am saying is do NOT strip down your recordings to the bare minimum if you are looking to gauge performance. If you are purely looking to generate load, this is sometimes okay - but make sure you document this in your final report. People often interchange the terms performance test and load test. They are not the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, recording isn't going to create any parameterization, you will more than likely have to write at least one BeanShell PreProcessor somewhere. Typically this happens with date values that need to be updated to sometime other than the value that was captured when you recorded traffic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastEditorUserId="24497" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T15:51:38.157" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T15:51:38.157" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30982" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-12T17:11:18.230" Score="0" ViewCount="10226" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate the Scenario of NSE India &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nseindia.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.nseindia.com/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to capture the Nifty50 increment or decrement value using Xpath as &lt;code&gt;//nobr/span[@class='red'][1]&lt;/code&gt; when sensex is down and &lt;code&gt;//nobr/span[@class='green'][1]&lt;/code&gt; when sensex is up. I need to handle this dynamic value in one xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried with &lt;code&gt;//nobr/span[@class='green' OR @class='red'][1]&lt;/code&gt;. This is throwing an error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot; org.openqa.selenium.InvalidSelectorException: invalid selector: Unable to locate an element with the xpath expression //nobr/span[@class='green' OR @class='red'][1] because of the following error: SyntaxError: Failed to execute 'evaluate' on 'Document': The string '//nobr/span[@class='green' OR @class='red'][1]' is not a valid XPath expression.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package testcases;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;&#xA;public class Nifty_Search {&#xA;&#xA;  public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;B:\\Automation\\software\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;    driver.navigate().to(&quot;https://www.nseindia.com/&quot;);&#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(20,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Normal Market Status :: &quot;+driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//span[@id='status1']&quot;)).getText().trim());&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Nifty 50 Today's Price :: &quot;+driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//p[@class='right']//nobr&quot;)).getText().trim());&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Nifty 50 Today's Price Change :: &quot;+driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//nobr/span[@class='green' OR @class='red'][1]&quot;)).getText().trim());&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Company_Name :: &quot;+driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//nobr/span[@class='arrowGreen']&quot;)).getText().trim());       &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Nifty 50 Today's Price change Percentage :: &quot;+driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//nobr/span[@class='green' OR @class='red'][2]&quot;)).getText().trim());&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29659" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T02:04:47.857" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T02:04:50.137" Title="Matching multiple classes with an XPath expression" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30983" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30982" CreationDate="2017-12-12T17:40:30.220" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's just that the &lt;em&gt;case of the XPath operators matters&lt;/em&gt;. Change &lt;code&gt;OR&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;or&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//nobr/span[@class='green' or @class='red'][1]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that it would probably a bit more reliable to look for this element in the &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt; with the &lt;code&gt;id=&quot;niftyDiv&quot;&lt;/code&gt; only since &lt;code&gt;green&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;red&lt;/code&gt; classes are really broad. And, I would switch to a CSS selector instead for a more concise locator:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;#niftyDiv nobr &amp;gt; .red,.green&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another reason why prefer CSS selector instead of an XPath is that of the &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; attribute handling, it is a &lt;em&gt;multi-valued attribute&lt;/em&gt;  and is naturally addressed in CSS selectors - XPath has no special handling for multi-valued attributes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-12T17:49:11.397" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T17:49:11.397" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30984" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30985" CreationDate="2017-12-12T18:38:08.890" Score="2" ViewCount="751" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to know is there any way for us to find test coverage utilizing any code coverage libraries or something similar. For example, for integration testing, I am using automated solutions. If I use any tools like jacoco or something can I find test coverage? For all these years I was using the conventional way of user requirements, traceability matrices, test cases etc. to identify the test coverage. If in an example, I have 100 test cases and I have automated it. I can define the test coverage based on test cases in a conventional way. But how I can ensure which all parts of the actual code have been utilized during the testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find something more intelligent in the new world. I heard some concepts of Justin hunters hex wise etc. But not have much more idea. Can somebody give me some insights? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29662" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T14:07:26.473" Title="What is the best way to do test coverage for the automated tests" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30985" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30984" CreationDate="2017-12-12T18:52:28.120" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every language has many tools to check code coverage. You should &lt;strong&gt;use the same tool your developers use to check for code coverage by unit tests&lt;/strong&gt;. If your developers don't use unit test, or don't check coverage of code exercised by unit tests - don't even waste time. Unit tests is your first and best line of defense, start there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting to 100% coverage is overkill. Covering big chunks of code handling different error conditions might be not worth the effort. Common goal is around 75%-80% coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Code coverage is not Holy Grail to be attained, it is just yet another tool (not even the best or most important) in your tool belt to provide more informed opinion to management about quality status of current code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T14:07:26.473" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T14:07:26.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30986" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30873" CreationDate="2017-12-12T21:06:42.383" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Start from the beginning, and consider using BDD practices for your UI so your automation can get updated along with the requirements. Go after the biggest stuff first - the login page for your end users, the main data entries they will make. This stuff is the least likely to change over time and you won't want to retest after two years!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your application involves an api, go after that first. That section should stabilize first and there's several tools for api automation that's easy and direct - I think Postman is the most popular right now. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23512" LastActivityDate="2017-12-12T21:06:42.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30987" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="30988" CreationDate="2017-12-13T03:00:09.713" Score="2" ViewCount="97" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've been using Google docs spreadsheets to keep test scenarios for manual testing of our applications for quite a long time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recently, we've started to use &lt;em&gt;mind maps&lt;/em&gt; as well, mapping the functionality of an application in different nodes and even adding some tests and checks attached to nodes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is it a good idea to replace spreadsheet based test scenarios (defined in a classical table-like manner) with mind maps completely? Or, should we keep both of the formats and use a mind map more as a visualizer of the functionality of the application?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T07:22:14.833" Title="Mind maps vs spreadsheets" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;documentation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30988" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30987" CreationDate="2017-12-13T03:17:21.403" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal suggestion is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Keep both, mind map by nature is a visual tool; it is good to demonstrate relationship among test ideas but you can not apply formulas as easily as you can with Google Docs; you can not sort in a desc order as easily as you can with Google Docs etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you talk about Mind Map, are you referring to the Mind map or mind mapping tool in general? There is a mind mapping application you can take a look at, &lt;a href=&quot;https://support.mindmeister.com/hc/en-us&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;MindMeister&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T03:17:21.403" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30990" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31023" CreationDate="2017-12-13T06:13:25.063" Score="0" ViewCount="573" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am tryting to get the element using the link text but unable to find the element &#xA;getting error regarding the linktext &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WuQU0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/WuQU0.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qzr0t.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Qzr0t.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="6194" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T20:49:28.300" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T12:04:55.030" Title="Getting error for find webelement" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-12-14T20:10:55.593" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30991" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="7726" CreationDate="2017-12-13T06:59:08.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though it's not mandatory but as a new programmer, Python and Ruby are the better choices to start. From my personal experiences, their learning curves are steeper and very interesting which will make your automation expedition really enjoyable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27665" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T06:59:08.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30993" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28303" CreationDate="2017-12-13T08:16:05.317" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are sometimes lots of unexpected in behaviour of UFT, so I recommend to do some experiments:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1)&lt;/strong&gt; Test opening&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;uft.Open &quot;R:\data\...\uft_script&quot;          'replace with&#xA;uft.Open &quot;R:\data\...\uft_script&quot;, False   'this will open the test in read-only mode&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can try &lt;code&gt;True&lt;/code&gt; version of the parameter to be sure the problem is not there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2)&lt;/strong&gt; Visibility of UFT&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;uft.Visible = True    'make the UFT application visible&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3)&lt;/strong&gt; Running test&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;uft.Test.Run Nothing, True, False      'replace with&#xA;uft.Test.Run Nothing, True             'have never seen third param in run command&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or try to specify results directory&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Set uftResults = CreateObject(&quot;QuickTest.RunResultsOptions&quot;)&#xA;uftResults.ResultsLocation = &quot;R:\data\...\uft_script&quot;&#xA;uft.Test.Run uftResults, True&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second parameter of &lt;code&gt;Run&lt;/code&gt; command &lt;code&gt;True/False&lt;/code&gt; is for waiting until end of the test run (or not waiting). Just for information, you can also change it to &lt;code&gt;False&lt;/code&gt; but it is not likely to help in your case.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's also useful to know the directory where text-files are created (to give more specific answer)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T08:16:05.317" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30994" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-13T08:41:03.247" Score="1" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm testing a tool i.e. Draw tool. The tool enables the user to draw on a map using the available graphics and to export drawing from local disk.&#xA;The user is able to draw, but export drawing sub function is not working at all. In this case, what do we consider the severity of the defect related to the work stoppage of export tool?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; Requirement in SRS says that, user should be able to draw on map and export his drawings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29177" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T15:43:03.280" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T10:31:13.790" Title="Can we consider the work stoppage of a sub function as critical issue?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30995" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30994" CreationDate="2017-12-13T08:48:10.323" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to what you have described, it is definitely an issue, but how do you define &quot;critical&quot; in your organisation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is critical of the most severity within your organisation? I personally consider this issue should be a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;show stopper&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; as its functionality is not met.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the purpose of drawing something but you can not export it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can argue this software is partially working if the user can save it in the default format, but most of users if not all of them will consider export a drawing into a different format or location is a standard feature.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T08:48:10.323" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30997" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31005" CreationDate="2017-12-13T11:28:56.313" Score="7" ViewCount="961" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure whether it happens only to me but it happens when someone found the bugs in UAT/Production, I feel very guilty about it when we missed a bug, sometimes it deviates my mind from my work &amp;amp; it takes a lot of time to focus on my task again. Please suggest me tips to overcome this situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T00:31:48.317" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:15:25.093" Title="How to come up from the guilt when someone find bug in UAT/Production?" Tags="&lt;qa-process&gt;&lt;good-practices&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30998" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-13T11:29:35.507" Score="-3" ViewCount="216" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to test web services in manual testing?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How to test web services in Automation?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;If user don't test the functionality and only test web services is it beneficial for QA? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it time consuming or beneficial?  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28981" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T12:21:58.850" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T17:10:05.130" Title="Is It Beneficial For QA To Test Web Services" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ClosedDate="2017-12-15T17:13:25.597" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="30999" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14190" CreationDate="2017-12-13T11:30:01.647" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use Exception handling block for that line of codes. &#xA;try&#xA;{&#xA;}&#xA;catch &#xA;{&#xA;}&#xA;finally&#xA;{&#xA;}&#xA;If the element is not found then it execute the codes in the finally block and continue to other lines of code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27399" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T11:30:01.647" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31000" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30997" CreationDate="2017-12-13T11:44:32.490" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The bug leakage will happen some times. Because of this,you should not deviate from your work and take further proactive actions. &#xA;From the issue, you can treat as a learning and add the scenario in your existing test cases. When going thro the user scenario (UAT/Production issue), you can create combination of scenarios to prevent this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this learning, you should proactively identify end user test scenarios with the project stake holders and give more focus in upcoming releases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T11:44:32.490" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31002" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24808" CreationDate="2017-12-13T12:12:46.207" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would you buy an keyboard whose every key has been tested  but somehow does not work with your computer system?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T12:12:46.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31003" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17340" CreationDate="2017-12-13T12:15:48.500" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Java allows to control execution time of the process (&lt;code&gt;threadNew.join()&lt;/code&gt; causes the current thread to pause execution until threadNew terminates). So I finally came to the solution of Java-starter for UFT test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But it is needed external library (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sqaforums.com/forums/hp-unified-functional-testing-uft-mercury-quicktest-pro-qtp/109578-launching-qtp-through-java.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Java-COM Bridge&lt;/a&gt;) for Java to deal with UFT directly. And VBScript does not need any libraries to start UFT (and also there are some logic was already in &lt;code&gt;RunTest.vbs&lt;/code&gt;) so I have used linear structure of calls:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SE5zJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SE5zJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;structure of calls&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And UFT is killed from inside Java program if timeout is expired and there is no exitcode from &lt;code&gt;RunTest.vbs&lt;/code&gt;. Here is RunUftTest.java:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import static java.lang.System.out;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.BufferedReader;&#xA;import java.io.File;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.io.InputStreamReader;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;&#xA;&#xA;public class RunUftTest {&#xA;&#xA;    public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;        // Args: TESTPATH DISTRICT ENVIRONMENT&#xA;&#xA;        String testPath = args[0];&#xA;        String district = args[1];&#xA;        String environment = args[2];&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;{ testPath: &quot;+ testPath + &quot;;\r\n  district: &quot; + district + &quot;;\r\n  environment: &quot; + environment + &quot; }\r\n&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        String runCommand = &quot;cscript.exe RunTest.vbs \&quot;&quot; + testPath + &quot;\&quot; &quot; + district + &quot;-&quot; + environment;&#xA;        String execDirectory = &quot;C:\\_qtp\\resources\\VBscripts&quot;;&#xA;        long timeout = 600000;&#xA;&#xA;        ExecProcessInfo execProcessInfo = execProcess(runCommand, execDirectory, timeout);&#xA;&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;\r\n==============================================================&quot;);&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;RunTest.vbs - OUTPUT:\r\n&quot;);&#xA;        printBuffer(execProcessInfo.inputStream);&#xA;&#xA;        System.exit(execProcessInfo.getExitStatus());&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private static class Worker extends Thread {&#xA;        private final Process process;&#xA;        private Integer exit;&#xA;&#xA;        private Worker(Process process) {&#xA;            this.process = process;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public void run() {&#xA;            try {&#xA;                exit = process.waitFor();&#xA;            } catch (InterruptedException ignore) {&#xA;                return;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private static class ExecProcessInfo {&#xA;        private Integer exitStatus;&#xA;        public BufferedReader inputStream;&#xA;&#xA;        ExecProcessInfo() {&#xA;            setExitStatus(-1); // Fail status by default&#xA;            inputStream = null;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        public Integer getExitStatus() { return exitStatus; }&#xA;        public void setExitStatus(Integer exitStatus) { this.exitStatus = exitStatus; }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    private static void printBuffer(BufferedReader bufferedReader) {&#xA;        try {&#xA;            String s;&#xA;            while ((s = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {&#xA;                out.println(s);&#xA;            }&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private static ExecProcessInfo execProcess(String runCommand, String execDirectory, long timeout) {&#xA;        ExecProcessInfo execProcessInfo = new ExecProcessInfo();&#xA;&#xA;        try {&#xA;&#xA;            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(runCommand, null, new File(execDirectory));&#xA;&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;Initializing process  &amp;lt;&quot; + runCommand + &quot;&amp;gt;...&quot;);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;              in dir  &amp;lt;&quot; + execDirectory + &quot;&amp;gt;&quot;);&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;        with timeout  &quot; + timeout + &quot;ms\r\n&quot;);&#xA;            execProcessInfo.inputStream = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));&#xA;&#xA;            Worker worker = new Worker(process);&#xA;            worker.start();&#xA;            long startTime = 0;&#xA;&#xA;            try {&#xA;                startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();&#xA;                worker.join(timeout);&#xA;&#xA;                if (worker.exit != null) {  // process exited by himself&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;         exit status  &quot; + worker.exit);&#xA;                    execProcessInfo.setExitStatus(worker.exit);&#xA;                }&#xA;                else {&#xA;                    long procExecDuration = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;&#xA;                    System.out.println(&quot;Process was interrupted after &quot; + procExecDuration + &quot;ms.&quot;);&#xA;                    throw new TimeoutException();&#xA;                }&#xA;            } catch (InterruptedException ex) {&#xA;                worker.interrupt();&#xA;                long procExecDuration = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;&#xA;                System.out.println(&quot;InterruptedException. After &quot; + procExecDuration + &quot;ms of execution.&quot;);&#xA;                ex.printStackTrace();&#xA;                killUftProcess();&#xA;                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();&#xA;                throw ex;&#xA;            } catch (TimeoutException e) {&#xA;                killUftProcess();&#xA;            } finally {&#xA;                process.destroy();&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        } catch (IOException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        } catch (InterruptedException e) {&#xA;            e.printStackTrace();&#xA;        }&#xA;        return execProcessInfo;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    private static void killUftProcess() throws IOException {&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Killing &amp;lt;UFT.exe&amp;gt; process&quot;);&#xA;        Runtime.getRuntime().exec(&quot;taskkill /F /IM UFT.exe&quot;);&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can incorporate all code inside &lt;code&gt;RunUftTest.java&lt;/code&gt; to avoid &lt;code&gt;RunTest.vbs&lt;/code&gt; usage if you wish.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T12:15:48.500" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31004" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30998" CreationDate="2017-12-13T12:34:18.630" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The super-short and blunt answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It depends on the service.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It depends on the service.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It depends on the service.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It depends on the service.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manual testing of web services&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the service has a published API you can test it manually with tools like Postman by building requests and inspecting responses. There may be other manual ways to test depending on what the service does and how it accepts input including but not limited to FTP transfers, dropping files into a folder the service reads on a schedule, and so on. Exactly what you do to test a service manually depends a lot on what the service does and how it does it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated testing of web services&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The only difference between manually testing web services and automating the testing is that you're using a tool to run the whole test. Exactly how you do that depends on what the service does and how it does it. Some tools will handle specific types of service more gracefully than others: tools designed for RESTful services will not work as well with SOAP service, and vice versa.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If only web services and not functionality is tested&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How effective testing only the web services and not the end to end functionality is depends a lot on the service. If the service is a publicly facing API that others interact with, there may not be a need to test anything else. If it's part of an integrated system, end-to-end testing may be essential. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Is it time consuming or beneficial?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes. Web service testing is just like any other testing. It can be time consuming or beneficial, neither, or both depending on what kind of tests are run and what information they surface. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T12:34:18.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31005" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30997" CreationDate="2017-12-13T12:50:11.070" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, no tester likes to miss bugs. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, it's impossible to test everything, so some bugs will escape to UAT and/or production. Our goal is to catch as many of the biggest risk bugs as we can. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My suggestion would be to analyze any bug that's found in UAT or production. You're looking for how many customers/users would be impacted by the bug, how much damage the bug causes, whether it's possible to replicate the bug in your testing environment and if so, whether it's worth the time/effort to do it, and so on. Don't forget to include the possibility that the bug has been present for a long time, but user sensitivity to the new release has led to it being noticed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you've done that, you can compare the results against your regression scenarios and decide whether you need to add tests for that problem to them. If you're automating, you have the information you need to decide whether to add tests for the problem to your automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Don't forget that you're human. You will miss things, sometimes ridiculously obvious things. I've been testing for over 10 years, and I still forget to check that a change to enable/disable/show/hide a field in certain circumstances (or add a default value to it) doesn't cause form submit to fail. In those circumstances, your best option is to apologize and make a note to yourself not to do that again (it's better not to say anything about the developers not checking either).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:15:03.233" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:15:03.233" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31007" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31009" CreationDate="2017-12-13T13:53:21.377" Score="3" ViewCount="1045" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have a rather reach set of unit tests for our Python/Django backend. Most of the tests contain a one or more &quot;happy&quot; path tests and a lot of &quot;negative&quot; test cases checking the validation, error-handling, broken pre-conditions etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When, most frequently, a test contains a single happy path test though, it is currently just simply a test named &lt;code&gt;test_ok&lt;/code&gt; (Python unittest method name): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def test_ok(self):&#xA;    # happy path test here&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My understanding is that there are certainly better ways to name positive test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some of the best practices and things to take into account to name positive tests?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T10:00:45.043" Title="Naming a positive &quot;happy path&quot; test case" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;unit-tests&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31009" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31007" CreationDate="2017-12-13T14:46:43.173" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;If there is one thing I like about good test names is that when it fails on a build-server I can understand what is broken just from reading its name. If the name of the test does not describe what it does it means you need to read the test code to see what is going on. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;When an automated test fails, I want to understand what I just broke — without&#xA;  reading the test code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good names are also very helpful for non technical people, certainly if they need to decide on priority of fixing. E.g. do we need to fix this today or can we wait until tomorrow morning when the developers are already out of the zone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would pick a similar name strategy as your team uses for their unit-tests, something like: &lt;code&gt;UnitOfWork_StateUnderTest_ExpectedBehavior&lt;/code&gt; for more ideas look here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/155436/unit-test-naming-best-practices&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/155436/unit-test-naming-best-practices&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T14:46:43.173" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31010" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31007" CreationDate="2017-12-13T14:47:41.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;As if for any function, your test should explain what it does.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;withdraw_is_performed_correctly&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;withdraw_is_not_performed_when_balance_is_not_enough&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;user_is_able_to_logout&lt;/em&gt; | &lt;em&gt;user_is_not_able_to_logout_if_he_is_not_logged&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;etc...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T14:47:41.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31012" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31013" CreationDate="2017-12-13T15:03:24.127" Score="0" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to manage executing all unit tests on build server. Is there any idea about when is proper to run all of the unit tests on the build server.&#xA;There are too many of them, and it will take hours to run completely.&#xA;I have a few ideas about it, but I am not sure of them:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Nightly&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When release for QA team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;When release for Customer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17854" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T19:28:23.523" Title="How to schedule to run all unit tests?" Tags="&lt;unit-tests&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31013" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31012" CreationDate="2017-12-13T15:11:51.967" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit tests which are run for hours are bad unit-tests. Since they have to test the pieces of code and mock all the real interfaces. So, basically they should be restricted only with your CPU, RAM capacity. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You probably mean that you use unit-test framework to run your integration tests or so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this is really the case I would recommend to break the whole set into the bunches aggregating the tests with the identical priority and run &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the top priority on each build&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;others - overnight&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Above options seem to be enough since your builds might be handed over to QA intraday so spending hours to test them with the whole set is not effective. Customer release is also not that unexpected thing so you can run your set several nights before the relase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T15:11:51.967" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31015" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31019" CreationDate="2017-12-13T15:20:15.533" Score="2" ViewCount="1160" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently I have 20+ Test Suite which run as individual Job in jenkins. This will generate respective testng report on the nodes that it ran (index.html). can i consolidate all the 20+ reports into one report and show the reports for each cycle of execution.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29674" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T21:00:23.177" Title="Multiple TestNG Reports to one Report" Tags="&lt;testng&gt;&lt;jenkins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31017" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31018" CreationDate="2017-12-13T17:07:44.393" Score="1" ViewCount="678" Body="&lt;p&gt;I build a test automation framework with selenium for my large sitecore application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Everything was ok until the content editors started changing stuff around, item names and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I kept updating my smoke test all over again and again! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Smoke test goes through the pages and checks if they are active, looks for some necessary details, footnotes, social tags and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe my approach is all wrong, would you give me any suggestion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28283" LastEditorUserId="154" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T10:23:20.270" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T10:23:20.270" Title="Best practice for automation framework with selenium in Sitecore :: smoke test" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31018" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31017" CreationDate="2017-12-13T17:31:22.047" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is a common problem almost all front end tester face. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Root cause of this problem is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Developers / content editors make changes without considering how those changes will affect front end testing framework.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is unrealistic to ask developers / content editors to NOT make any changes at all, so is it possible for you to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;get hold of them and request them to keep element IDs consistent and unique? If an element does not have any ID, assign one to it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If they agree to do so, modify your selenium test cases to locate an element via IDs, in this way, your test framework will be less vulnerable when elements' other attributes (xpath, classname and etc) change. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If it can not be done, (which is possible) you will have to make do, e.g. introduce more abstraction in your locating methods.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T17:31:22.047" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31019" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31015" CreationDate="2017-12-13T19:22:53.007" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;While generating reports I use &lt;code&gt;org.uncommons.reportng.HTMLReporter&lt;/code&gt; and &#xA;&lt;code&gt;org.uncommons.reportng.JUnitXMLReporter&lt;/code&gt; from reportNG framework. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I use the following Ant Task to combine reports:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;target name=&quot;report.nightly&quot; description=&quot;Generates the junit test report  project.&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;        &amp;lt;junitreport todir=&quot;${reports.combine}/logs&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;            &amp;lt;!--testNg reports --&amp;gt; &#xA;                &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${reports.testng}/logs&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;                        &amp;lt;include name=&quot;*/*.xml&quot;/&amp;gt; &#xA;                &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;          &amp;lt;!--junit  reports --&amp;gt; &#xA;                &amp;lt;fileset dir=&quot;${reports.junit}/logs&quot;&amp;gt; &#xA;                        &amp;lt;include name=&quot;TEST-*.xml&quot; /&amp;gt; &#xA;                &amp;lt;/fileset&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;                &amp;lt;!--consolidated reports --&amp;gt; &#xA;                &amp;lt;report format=&quot;frames&quot; todir=&quot;${artifacts.tests}&quot; /&amp;gt; &#xA;        &amp;lt;/junitreport&amp;gt; &#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/target&amp;gt; &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1871" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T21:00:23.177" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T21:00:23.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31020" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30997" CreationDate="2017-12-13T19:27:23.163" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do you feel guilt?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you compare that one defect to the tens or hundreds of defects you did identify, is it really significant in the bigger picture?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is precisely why SQA is undervalued. You missed one defect, you caught hundreds - yet that one defect is what defines the perceived &quot;value&quot; of doing testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now it's a little different if lots of issues are found in high environments, or if it identified a particular gap in coverage in your testing. Then I can understand feeling less than great. In those scenarios you have to audit your practices and understand how the issue occurred. That is one of the core functions of SQA, root cause analysis. Simply perform one on your practice, and work to prevent the issue from occurring again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24497" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T19:27:23.163" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31021" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31012" CreationDate="2017-12-13T19:28:23.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Best practice is to run all of your tests for the Nightly scheduled runs and before you signoff/ship to customers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will be running your own manual tests, or automation tests for a specific feature/code change when it is delivered to QA. Ideally, you have some kind of test plan, formal or in your head, that you can follow for testing changes related to a feature/bug fix. Running a full test pass with every build will just take too much time. You have the nightly run that will catch anything else.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your automation is being kicked off with every build by a CI/CD system, then you want to run a kind of bare minimum of tests to ensure viability. I would say these are BVT tests, but different people have different gauges of what a BVT test is. You really just want enough to be able to tell that the software under test is minimally functional. For a website, a minimum test would be something like making sure you can deploy the site and load the homepage. A web service would be deploying it and making sure you can perform the most basic query. Optionally, if you have a robust branching system then you could have feature branches run the &quot;BVT&quot; test and trunk runs the full gamut. It's all really up to you, your team, and what you agree to tolerate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29679" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T19:28:23.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31023" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30990" CreationDate="2017-12-13T19:28:38.937" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's likely that since the text has a leading blank, it is not finding a &quot;match.&quot;  I suggest you use partialLinkText instead:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement myAccount = driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(&quot;My Account&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25766" LastEditorUserId="25766" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T19:43:27.383" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T19:43:27.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31024" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30997" CreationDate="2017-12-13T19:40:16.857" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Guilt comes easy. The only thing to do is learn from your mistakes. There are a few things to do whenever a bug slips past:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Figure out when it was introduced. Some bugs may have been in the system long before they were found. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a regression test so it doesn't slip by in the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Figure out &lt;em&gt;how&lt;/em&gt; it slipped by. This one can be a bit tricky. Sometimes you simply forgot to check something. Sometimes it's something you didn't think to check. Sometimes a developer makes a last minute change and didn't tell you just before sign off and you didn't re-test some functionality. All of these indicate a process failure. Could you have written down a checklist of things to go through prior to signoff? Could you have had dev review your test plan a little more thoroughly? Should you have code freezes, or double check for questionable commits late in the game? Figure out what part of your testing process needs a tweak so bugs like it are caught in the future.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Overall, there should be no finger pointing or blame. Your guilt is your own. Learning from your mistake doesn't mean beating yourself up, it means finding the hole in your process that let the bug get by and patching it up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29679" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T19:40:16.857" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31025" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29893" CreationDate="2017-12-13T19:58:46.027" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;A page object &lt;em&gt;can&lt;/em&gt; contain more than just individual web elements and their corresponding functions.  For example, a logon page would list the individual web elements through the &lt;code&gt;FindBy&lt;/code&gt;'s but would not necessarily need to have specific &lt;code&gt;sendkey&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;click&lt;/code&gt; methods (for the button) individually unless you wish to provide those features for lower-level tests.  It could simply contain one single logon method, and have that method access the user ID, password, and button.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using this same line of reasoning, it is often common for page object definitions to contain a &quot;fill the page&quot; type of method, where you could also pass either a list of individual parameters, or in your suggested idea, pass enough information to open and read the list of parameters from another source.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25766" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2018-03-13T19:56:44.350" LastActivityDate="2018-03-13T19:56:44.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31026" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31027" CreationDate="2017-12-13T21:06:22.770" Score="2" ViewCount="16982" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am quite stuck while testing a web application. I am trying to check to ensure a class exists - in this case the class of &quot;originalProductPrice&quot; - out of a group of identical looking li items. Only some of them have this class and if one does I want to click the btn-primary (labeled See More below). Essentially what it feels like I need to do is find the originalProductPrice class - walk up to the top li parent and then drill back down to the button to make sure I am clicking the button associated with that class. However, I am lost as to how to do that. My closest attempt so far has been:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[When(@&quot;I Click See More on the First Option with An Original Product Price&quot;)]&#xA;public void WhenIClickSeeMoreOnTheFirstOptionWithAnOriginalProductPrice()&#xA;{&#xA;    ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; packages = CurrentBrowser.FindElements&#xA;        (By.XPath(&quot;//span[@class = 'originalProductPrice:first-child']//tr&quot;));&#xA;    ReadOnlyCollection&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; seeMore = packages.FindElements&#xA;        (By.XPath(&quot;.//li[@class='btn-primary:first-child']/div&quot;));&#xA;    seeMore.Click();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Below is the corresponding HTML:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li class=&quot;span4&quot; id=&quot;Tile&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;thumbnail&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div id=&quot;locationImage&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div id=&quot;sImage&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div name=&quot;InvokeWhiteSpaceWrap&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span id=&quot;sName&quot;&amp;gt;Name&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;span name=&quot;ratings&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;span id=&quot;sMinRating&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;span id=&quot;sMaxRating&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;div id=&quot;sDescription&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;table class=&quot;table table-condensed table-striped&quot; id=&quot;pList&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div name=&quot;pNameDiv&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                            Name                                &#xA;                        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;td class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;span name=&quot;pPrice&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;span class=&quot;beforePriceCurrency&quot;&amp;gt;$&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                            180.00&#xA;                            &amp;lt;span class=&quot;afterPriceCurrency&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;span name=&quot;originalProductPrice&quot; &#xA;                              class=&quot;originalProductPrice&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;span class=&quot;beforePriceCurrency&quot;&amp;gt;$&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                            200.00&#xA;                            &amp;lt;span class=&quot;afterPriceCurrency&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;$.blockUI({ message: $('#waitMessage') });&quot; &#xA;        class=&quot;btn btn-block btn-link btn-small&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        More Options Available                                           &#xA;    &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;a onclick=&quot;$.blockUI({ message: $('#waitMessage') });&quot; &#xA;        class=&quot;btn btn-block btn-primary&quot;&amp;gt;See More&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help is greatly appreciated!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27044" LastEditorUserId="13261" LastEditDate="2017-12-13T21:13:33.157" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T05:14:33.283" Title="Finding the Parent of an Element, then Clicking a Button Child of that Parent in C#/Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31027" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31026" CreationDate="2017-12-13T22:01:35.010" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try the following.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement button = CurrentBrowser.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//span[@class='originalProductPrice']/ancestor::li//a[contains(@class,'btn-primary')]&quot;));&#xA;button.Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The portion of note in this XPath is &lt;code&gt;/ancestor::li&lt;/code&gt;. The XPath works by first finding the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element with class equal to &quot;originalProductPrice&quot;, then searching for your button from the nearest &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element that is a parent of that span.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastActivityDate="2017-12-13T22:01:35.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31028" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22139" CreationDate="2017-12-14T01:35:24.070" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Testing is fundamentally an insurance activity&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's primary job is not to find more and more defects but to &lt;em&gt;ensure&lt;/em&gt; there are no critical defects which may be found at  later stages and will impact business  and cost of correction/fixing will be higher.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-08-07T11:16:02.580" LastActivityDate="2018-08-07T11:16:02.580" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31029" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31031" CreationDate="2017-12-14T01:55:02.843" Score="10" ViewCount="1768" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work in a very great team which are aware of testing and everyone is great to work with. But I have a problem though. I don't have the interest in the domain I am working. At the beginning, I had to learn everything from the technical environment and all the products and functionalities, and as I was new to the team and the role, it was challenging. But now, after 2 years, I get bored to talk about it. I have difficulties to show interests in what we do and to be more implicated.I started to ask myself if it was that I didn't enjoy to test anymore.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T15:11:36.003" Title="How to stay motivated when you don’t like the products you’re testing?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;good-practices&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31030" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31029" CreationDate="2017-12-14T02:15:15.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You are already motivating yourself by talking about your experiences here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SQA is like a, how should I put it, emmm, testers Anonymous meeting. We share our experiences together, whether it is a frustration or a success or a technique. You can also talk with your peers at work over a cup of tea.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Organize an afternoon tea session with developers, testers and managers. Back in my old days, one place I worked for had this culture of Friday afternoon tea, where people shared a few jokes and talked about how they planned to spend their weekend.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can try increasing the awareness towards testers within your company by organizing presentations, show casing what testers have been doing lately, what you have achieved; is there an important bug we have managed to catch lately? Tell others about testers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attend local testers meetups; there are normally a few testers meet ups here and there, simply drop in and meet new people and exchange your ideas.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you have developed resentfulness towards a certain product, ask for a secondment in a different apartment, working on something else. Refresh your mind and come back to work.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T02:15:15.727" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31031" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31029" CreationDate="2017-12-14T02:52:53.600" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I hear you! I've been in your shoes and it feels all too familiar. I remember that whenever I've told someone what I am working on, I just could not express and show any fake excitement at all and just tried to not talk about the products I was working on at all by quickly changing the subject.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not being aligned with and interested in the products you are testing, or company's business itself is actually a problem but it is not the end of the world as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;try moving your focus to other things: focus on technology, try out different and new testing techniques, types of testing, improve and expand your area of expertise. Just to pick one idea from many: approaching the testing from the idea of &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/q/28517/5574&quot;&gt;Personas&lt;/a&gt; may really shine new light on the very same products under test &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if it is at all possible, &lt;em&gt;talk to your boss&lt;/em&gt; and clearly state that you are not as excited and motivated about the products as before. It is really okay to get bored working on the same thing for a long time&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;take a vacation/break from work altogether&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compare yourself version &quot;today&quot; and version &quot;a year ago&quot; or &quot;half a year ago&quot; - what have you learned and achieved during this time at your work? If you cannot recall anything you are proud of or something notable - that's a bad sign and you need changes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if nothing works and nothing changes, get yourself out of the comfort zone and &lt;em&gt;change your job&lt;/em&gt; - it is quite an exciting time to be in the industry - it is trending - there are a lot of exciting opportunities out there and we have a chance to work on really interesting products and ideas - &lt;em&gt;we have a chance to work on something we are really excited about - not something we have to work on&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T03:05:26.920" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T03:05:26.920" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31032" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31029" CreationDate="2017-12-14T04:04:50.823" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm in the same shoes right now with my current project. The people in QA team are great, but apparently not the QA team itself. Separately, everyone is a very fun, positive and good person, but when it comes to work side, most of them become unrecognizable. And that's the main reason why I'm constantly losing all the interest in the project. Test cases are written incorrectly, automation code quality is very poor, the total absence of any sort of responsibility feeling within the team. Well, my solutions to the problem might not sound fair, but so far I found them as an escape from this boring atmosphere:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Try to learn new technologies. This can be in development, QA, DevOps, machine learning sides. I sometimes watch Pluralsight / Lynda courses right at the work desk. Even my manager sees it sometimes, and not making conclusions why I got bored :))&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Talk to manager/director to see if any new projects are coming up in a very close future. Propose yourself as leading QA for it. The new challenge might wake your interest in the field. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Constantly keep connections with respectful in the field recruiters. They might call any next day for a great opportunity in a good company. No, I'm not saying switch the job, but being familiar with what's going on on the market and how much companies are willing to pay will keep you informed all the time. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25791" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T12:28:45.117" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T12:28:45.117" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31033" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31026" CreationDate="2017-12-14T05:14:33.283" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use below mentioned Xpath to locate your element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table[//span[@class='originalProductPrice']]/following::a[text()='See More']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Explanation :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table[//span[@class='originalProductPrice']]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Locate the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;table&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; where it found &lt;code&gt;class = originalProductPrice&lt;/code&gt; for the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/following::a[text()='See More']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Locate the anchor tag  which follows the above located table.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//table[//span[@class='originalProductPrice']]/../following-sibling::a[@class=&quot;btn btn-block btn-primary&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;OR&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//span[@class='originalProductPrice']/ancestor::table/following::a[text()='See More']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also there can be different ways to locate the same element. you can go through some tutorial to get the idea about using &lt;code&gt;following&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;contains&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;ancestor&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;sibling&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;parent&lt;/code&gt; etc in xpath. Refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/using-contains-sbiling-ancestor-to-find-element-in-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; site or google the same topic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T05:14:33.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31034" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30987" CreationDate="2017-12-14T07:22:14.833" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think no one can answer that better than you. Are your tests steps still as understandable to new comments as in spreadsheets? Are those easily reproducible by them? Does it take more time to write a test or edit a test set? What do you gain and lose by moving there? If nothing is changed in speed and complications then you should not move to something else. If you gain a better understandable tests which are easier to write and read - definitely improve your flow. There are different products and tests so some would prefer one approach over another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28196" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T07:22:14.833" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31035" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30873" CreationDate="2017-12-14T07:27:33.403" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a test principle - as early as possible. So the best case - start prototyping tests as soon as the product idea is pronounced loud. TDD all the time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28196" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T07:27:33.403" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31036" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30979" CreationDate="2017-12-14T10:52:14.397" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The main idea of load testing is simulating &lt;strong&gt;real&lt;/strong&gt; users as close as possible. If you need to test some form of web API - you need to mimic real life API usage. Therefore when it comes to load testing each JMeter thread (virtual user) must represent a real user so you will need to use different credentials for each virtual user. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regards to re-using your JavaScript-based tests, my expectation is that they are very resource intensive so it is highly unlikely you will be able to create the main load with them. Common practise is creating the main load using JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; samplers and run UI tests in parallel to measure client-side performance using a separate &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; with 1 (or several) threads. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can kick off any external program using JMeter's &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#OS_Process_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OS Process Sampler&lt;/a&gt; or check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/jmeter-webdriver-sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;WebDriver Sampler&lt;/a&gt; plugin which provides JMeter integration with Selenium, you can write the code in a variety of supported languages, JavaScript is default. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T10:52:14.397" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31037" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30990" CreationDate="2017-12-14T12:04:55.030" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In automation testing company we perform different approaches to find/get the web-element. In your case link text is not working because there is space before &quot; My Account&quot; text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So you can use Below approaches that can help you&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1.driver.findElement(By.xpath(//ul[@class='mega-menu']//li//a//span(contains(text(),'My Account')));&#xA;2.driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(&quot;My Account&quot;));&#xA;3.driver.findElement(By.LinkText(&quot; My Account&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18467" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T12:04:55.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31038" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31048" CreationDate="2017-12-14T13:40:38.827" Score="88" ViewCount="46159" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've been interviewing for quite some time and I've been asking candidates:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the most interesting bug you've found in your career?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Either the most interesting, or the one they are proud of finding, or because it was challenging to reproduce, or the symptoms were unusual.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So far, not a lot of people could actually recall something during the interview. It is understandable that sometimes it's difficult to recall something not from the top of the head under the stress of an interview. We are not pushing hard on this, saying that it's okay if you cannot remember one now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My thinking is that we can get some signal from the answer - it may provide insights into how critical, serious and diligent one is about the detected issues and give some idea about the ways of candidate's exploratory thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, is it overall an appropriate question to ask, is our motivating logic correct? Should I modify it or build on top of it adding some similar questions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Addressing a comment:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;what would be your model answer? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure about whether I can give a good &quot;model&quot; answer myself, but, I would highlight a few of the bugs and problems I've helped to discover  trying to give samples from different projects and types of issues:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;interesting &lt;strong&gt;UI issue&lt;/strong&gt;, this one is a bit silly, I understand - but may help to &quot;break the ice&quot; during an interview. Once I've discovered that clicking on a certain button in one of our web applications behaved weirdly - the more often you've clicked the faster is started to rotate around its initial position - not sure if it violated the Kepler's laws of Orbital Dynamics but that was a fun one&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;lack of proper validation in an input field&lt;/strong&gt;. There was a &quot;comments&quot; field in one of our screens that were allowed to be edited. But, as I've discovered - it was vulnerable to HTML injection attacks - the HTML you've saved into the field would be interpreted when the field will be displayed. And, it would be interpreted for any user that would &quot;see&quot; this field. That was a major security flaw since it allowed to inject javascript as well.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SQL injection attack&lt;/strong&gt;. Using &lt;code&gt;sqlmap&lt;/code&gt; and manual testing with PostMan, I've discovered that some of our API endpoints were vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. This allowed me to get access to the information I was not supposed to see and in other case put a serious load on the backend service (making it full scan a huge table)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have some more examples from my experience along this line, but this is probably something I would love to hear in response. This would show that a candidate has experience with different types of testing, cares and knows about where lack of proper user input validation may lead, can and use tools to help out him/herself in testing, is capable of looking under the hood when needed...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, I clearly understand, that is not an easy thing to do under the pressure, stress and time constraints of an interview. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-04T19:01:35.943" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T09:35:11.023" Title="Is asking about &quot;The most interesting bug in your career&quot; a good interview question?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;&lt;bug-report&gt;&lt;career-development&gt;&lt;bug-priority&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="17" CommentCount="16" FavoriteCount="46" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31039" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T14:07:12.833" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say such a question might spotlight how deep the candidate understands the technologies, analyze the root-causes and is able to troubleshoot issues. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per my experience I can remember several interesting defects, but I consider them interesting because I did find the root-causes of them in code, or in environment or in human-factor etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If a candidate just found and reported the defects (but didn't try to figure out why those defects existed) those defects would unlikely have any special properties to hook one's mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T03:29:15.603" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T03:29:15.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31040" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T15:18:38.743" Score="15" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am terrible at recalling names, places, restaurants, and...  bugs I have investigated. I usually ask my girlfriend or my friend to give me a name of a place we have been together or an actress in a movie with have seen. That's how my brain is wired. I don't like it but I get used to it. I guess some candidates might be like that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if you task me with investigating a bug during an interview -- then I might demonstrate my skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people might be better at doing things than describing them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T15:18:38.743" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31041" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T15:21:36.687" Score="26" Body="&lt;p&gt;To be honest, I wouldn't be able to come up with any defect in particular.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I were you, I'd rephrase my questions as &lt;strong&gt;situations&lt;/strong&gt;, for example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What actions would you take if you had to reopen a defect for the fifth time?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You need to retest a defect which has been resolved by a developer without any further comments or explanation. What actions would you take, if any, besides retesting?&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Personal favorite answer: looking at the fixed code via the changeset&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What do you consider a good plan of attack for a defect that's almost never reproducible (but does sometimes occur in production environment)?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How would you most efficiently test a field that should become red on 30 out of 500 possible values?&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A good answer for me would be: testing one value in UI to see if the system works, and then check the list of 30 values in database/code/config.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T15:21:36.687" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31042" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T15:26:40.567" Score="11" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was asked a question like this at my last interview, and it took me a bit of time to think back and come up with a good answer. This was partly due to a dearth of experience - at that time I had only held internship positions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After I read your question, I repeated the exercise, trying to come up with my favorite bug in a span of time that would be acceptable for an interview response. I was easily able to recall some interesting bugs from the last week or two, but it took a bit longer to remember the details of anything beyond that. Of course, this exercise was done without the pressure of an interview environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the question certainly has value in that it can provide insight about a candidate's &lt;strong&gt;curiosity&lt;/strong&gt;. However, it may need to be tailored to the candidate. For example, someone with at least a few years of experience in the industry should have no problem answering, even if it takes them a minute to think about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the candidate is a new CS grad, perhaps it could be asked in a way that would lead them in a direction that is relevant to their experiences: &lt;em&gt;&quot;Tell us about a time during development for school or a side project where you were stumped by a bug or defect, and how you eventually solved the issue.&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T15:26:40.567" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31043" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31029" CreationDate="2017-12-14T16:05:49.413" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Not sure what is your area and why you find it so boring. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my long IT career I worked in many different problem areas, as different as accounting, under-performing mortgage servicing, bioinformatics, and much more. Every time, &lt;strong&gt;learning more about the problem area&lt;/strong&gt; helped me to see &lt;strong&gt;why&lt;/strong&gt; the problems are solved, and increase my satisfaction in solving them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I took classes in biology, I was able to understand better underlying problem, and ask biologists question which uncovered fundamental misunderstanding in our model (which would make our results worthless). Mortgage servicing itself is ridiculously complex, in some states laws are different in every county, and parametrizing it correctly (and make sure it works) is real puzzle. Maybe what helps is that I always loved complicated logical/math puzzles, and my current job is just a way to get paid for solving puzzles for other people :-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually person is frustrated when person cannot control environment. So if you take a position that complication in your work, and required changes, are just random malicious requests to make your life miserable - it is frustrating of course. But if you make effort to understand &lt;strong&gt;why&lt;/strong&gt; users are requesting all those seemingly random changes, what is the source of the complexity: you will see that the complexity has a reason, and solving it is less frustrating and more satisfying. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I sincerely doubt that after just 2 years you got into the very bottom of the current problem and it's complexity - and if you did, you should see way where it could be solved better, or where your users have needs not covered by the current system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My project manager has saying, that there are only two issues that matter: &lt;strong&gt;communication and leadership&lt;/strong&gt;. Communicate with your customers/users, and show leadership to solve the problems they have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T16:13:37.530" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T16:13:37.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31044" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T16:15:37.447" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you aren't getting good answers, then perhaps you can modify the question slightly to help the interviewee.  The word &quot;interesting&quot; can be interpreted in so many different ways, and perhaps that is where your candidates are getting stuck?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you are looking for the &quot;hardest to find&quot; bug, maybe the &quot;hardest to fix&quot; bug, maybe the &quot;most off the wall&quot; bug.  Maybe it is really a chance to &quot;discuss some of the nastiest, weirdest bugs you've found&quot;.  Is it your own bug or someone else's?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Back in the days of C++ standardization, I submitted a few bug reports to companies who build the compilers (and got bug fixes, even).  Those were definitely &quot;interesting&quot;.  But perhaps you want to know about my bug in FORTRAN when I just started and was trying to write a scripting language so our users could run scripts in our product?  Or the bug I found in the IBM tape drives embedded software (pre-release, of course)?  Or that nasty one which turned out to be a certain sequence of clicks and keystrokes that a particular user was doing differently than anyone else?  All these bring up different aspects of my skills.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, my first reaction was to figure out a bug that would let me bring up one of my talking points for the interview (either one I hadn't gotten to yet or one I felt needed reinforcing), so depending on when you asked that question, you might get a completely different answer from me.  Because I can model my answer on talking points, you're not going to learn anything about me that I don't want you to know, or haven't already told you.  All thanks to that word &quot;interesting&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23631" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T16:15:37.447" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31046" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T16:58:10.493" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know if I'm just too literal, but when I get asked these sort of questions, I get hung up on the word &quot;most&quot;. It's not too hard to come with &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; bug, but making sure that I've never seen &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; bugs that were more interesting is a tall order. So my advice would be to get rid of the word &quot;most&quot;. Also, if you're looking for general aptitude rather than specific software experience, you can broaden your question to design flaws in general. You can also give them an example of a bug you've found (or a made up one) and see what suggestions they ask and what questions they ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29700" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T16:58:10.493" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31047" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T17:37:34.180" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it is an appropriate question to ask in an interview. I would restructure the question as what is the most interesting bug that you or your team found and what's the lesson learned? That way it may not be just the individual who found it but he is also learning from other people in the team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't remember the most interesting bug I found and fixed, but I remember several of them we found and fixed as a team. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29705" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T17:37:34.180" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31048" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T19:40:31.937" Score="123" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would push back hard on this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;An interview question is a machine designed to extract a signal from a candidate. Let's examine the parts of this machine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;The most&quot; has already been commented on.  &lt;strong&gt;Why is it important that the answer be the most interesting&lt;/strong&gt;?  Why are you asking the candidate to solve an optimization problem in your interview? If they give you the second-most interesting bug, have they failed?  When I ask a coding problem asking for the most something, &lt;strong&gt;I expect the maximizing item to be produced&lt;/strong&gt;.  These are computer professionals you're talking to; don't make them solve optimization problems unless you are testing them on solving optimization problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why &quot;interesting&quot;?  &lt;strong&gt;What is so important about a bug being &quot;interesting&quot;?&lt;/strong&gt;  &quot;Interesting&quot; is &lt;em&gt;vague&lt;/em&gt;.  Interesting is a predicate that has an argument that you have not supplied: &lt;strong&gt;interesting to who?&lt;/strong&gt;  You?  Now you're asking the candidate to read your mind.  To them?  Now you're testing them on their ability to find things interesting.  People typically find &quot;interesting&quot; things that are out of the ordinary, so now you're asking about &lt;strong&gt;completely atypical work&lt;/strong&gt;. Why is asking about &lt;strong&gt;rare, atypical&lt;/strong&gt; work high signal for you? Shouldn't you be seeking signal on &lt;em&gt;typical&lt;/em&gt; work?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What signal are you attempting to extract with &quot;interesting&quot;? Why is that signal important to you?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, whatever their answer is to whatever your question is, the answer will be &lt;em&gt;something they remember&lt;/em&gt;. People are more likely to remember &lt;em&gt;interesting&lt;/em&gt; things, &lt;em&gt;recent&lt;/em&gt; things and &lt;em&gt;important&lt;/em&gt; things, so responses are already going to skew towards interesting and important. There's not so much need to call it out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;bug&quot;.  Why bugs?  &lt;strong&gt;The question presupposes that the purpose of QA is the discovery of defects&lt;/strong&gt;.  It is not; the purpose of Quality Assurance is... wait for it... &lt;strong&gt;assuring quality&lt;/strong&gt; on behalf of the &lt;em&gt;customer&lt;/em&gt;.  There are lots of ways of assuring quality that do not fall into the category of discovering defects. There are lots of defects discovered that do not affect customer experience. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've discovered lots of interesting (to me!) bugs in compilers that have no practical impact whatsoever on the quality of the end product, since they are in scenarios that no sane developer would encounter. What signal would you derive from my detailed exegesis of a bizarre and interesting bug that no customer will ever be affected by?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;you found&quot; -- again, we are committing the error that the job of QA is to find defects. And why is it important that the candidate found the bug? There are lots of interesting defects that led me to hone my craft that were found by other people. Is the signal you're attempting to extract here &lt;strong&gt;ability to find interesting defects?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have had people on my team before who were hired &lt;em&gt;specifically&lt;/em&gt; because of their proven ability to find &lt;em&gt;unusual&lt;/em&gt; defects. These were &lt;em&gt;specialists&lt;/em&gt; who had deep knowledge of compiler technologies who were specifically hired to find the sorts of defects that the usual QA team would not.  Are you looking to hire such a specialist? They are &lt;em&gt;expensive&lt;/em&gt;, and they are &lt;em&gt;not particularly useful for run-of-the-mill QA tasks&lt;/em&gt;; that's a waste of their talents.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;in your career&quot; -- the question presumes first that the candidate has had a career; the question is not suitable for entry level. The question also presumes that the signal is to be derived from the specific work that the candidate has performed.  Most of the defects I've learned from in my work were discovered by someone else, or discovered by static analysis. What is the signal you hope to get by asking the candidate narrowly about defects that &lt;em&gt;they&lt;/em&gt; discovered &lt;em&gt;in their career&lt;/em&gt;? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The TLDR is: &lt;strong&gt;your question sounds like you're asking for a &quot;war story&quot; to break the ice; it is not clear that it elicits a good signal.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now that I've torn apart every word in your question: what would I prefer?  I'd prefer to break it down into questions each of which elicits clear signal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Describe for me a software defect that you learned something important from. What was the defect, and what did you learn?&lt;/em&gt; Signals: what does the candidate think is important? Are they learning from their work? Example: I remember the first bug I ever found as a full-time Microsoft employee; the bug was in an API had been bugged and marked &quot;fixed&quot; &lt;em&gt;six times already&lt;/em&gt;. There were &lt;em&gt;six&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt; statements in the code, each one handling a special case! I learned a lot from that bug that I still apply every day: &lt;em&gt;check the bug history&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;look for code that is bug farms&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;examine the root cause and address it, rather than writing a tailored patch just to make a test case pass&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;don't just write a regression for the bug that was fixed; look for more bugs&lt;/em&gt;, and many more.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Describe for me a defect that you thought was important to fix. What was the defect? What factors made you think it should be prioritized?&lt;/em&gt; Signal: Is the candidate focussed on QA's mission to be a quality advocate for the customer? What do they prioritize against? Do they consider the cost of the fix vs the harm to the customer? Is there a good cost-benefit tradeoff? How do they deal with balancing the risk of introducing a new defect with fixing an existing bad defect?, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And so on.  Don't just ask for a war story.  Don't ask for a solution to an optimization problem.  Figure out what signal you are really trying to elicit, and ask directly about it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29709" LastEditorUserId="29709" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T20:14:00.610" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T20:14:00.610" CommentCount="27" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31050" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T20:01:06.957" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've had a long enough career that I've seen and fixed many defects.  It takes a real whopper these days to pique any genuine interest beyond that appropriate for efficiently characterizing and correcting the issue.  To the (miniscule) extent that I reminisce on bugs of the past, I tend to see them from my present-day perspective.  Thus, although I account myself fairly good at tracking down and squashing bugs, but I would have trouble answering the question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, inasmuch as of late I have usually been a team of one, the issues freshest in my mind are are ones that I was responsible for creating myself.  In that light, the question has a bit of the flavor of &quot;What's your greatest weakness?&quot;  I really don't want to tell an interviewer all about what a great mess I can make, even in the context of explaining how good I am at cleaning up after myself (and others).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29713" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T20:01:06.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31051" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30997" CreationDate="2017-12-14T20:48:06.830" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;First and foremost, I'd ask what the source of the guilt is?  If it's internal only, that's one thing, but if it's coming from an external source (ie, manager, etc) that's another.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After saying that, I'll say that no one likes missing bugs.  But software engineering is called software engineering for a reason.  Engineering is partly an exercise in balancing risk and reward.  And that's why I realized that having delivery dates or outside commitments is a good thing; if they weren't there, we'd never ship a product.  So, yes, a bug escaped.  And maybe if you had another week, or month, or whatever testing, you could have found it.  But that would have been a week, or month, or whatever amount of time that the end-user wouldn't have had access to the new product.  So that's the tradeoff that has to be made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, software development is a team sport.  You didn't find a bug.  But you didn't put the bug there.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, think in terms of quality assurance, and a career, and not in terms of bug hunting.  You missed a bug.  What can you do to make sure that a bug like that won't be in the product in the future?  And I don't necessarily mean what can you do to find bugs like that in the future, what can you do to make sure that bugs like that aren't put in the product for you to find?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give you a personal example:  about a decade ago, I was involved in testing a major change to the guts of the OS I work on.  And I found a lot of bugs.  And then we shipped to the field, and clients found problems in areas I thought I had tested well.  So there was a year of nights and weekends, working with development, working with clients, to understand what happened, and why we'd had all the escapes.  And I felt bad; clients pay us a lot of money for our hardware and software.  But we looked at the issues in the field and realized that we had no way of even detecting the problems, so no testing I could have done would have found it.  So we ended up having to build new test tools, new data-gathering tools, and new test methodologies.  And we've since shipped a bunch of similar functionality that was much less problematic than that first deliverable was.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Feeling guilty doesn't help.  The bug is out there.  Feeling guilty doesn't help you, and it doesn't help the end-user.  What does help, and will make you feel better, is figuring out what you could have done, and can do in the future, to prevent similar bugs from escaping.  Escapes are learning experiences.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-20T05:15:25.093" LastActivityDate="2020-03-20T05:15:25.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31052" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6290" CreationDate="2017-12-14T21:05:23.290" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;May wish to try the following (C# Selenium Dev Studio 2015 environment)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a drop down item on the page labelled Contact Person, I used firebug inside of Mozilla FireFox to get the absolute XPATH of this drop down item as depicted below&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public static readonly string ContactPerson_DD_AXPATH = &#xA;        &quot;html/body/div[2]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td/form/table[2]/tbody/tr[7]/td[2]/select&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then in my C# code to cause a down arrow and enter keys functions on the drop down I code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;IWebElement contactName = driver.FindElement(By.XPath(ContactPerson_DD_AXPATH));&#xA;&#xA;contactName.SendKeys(Keys.ArrowDown+Keys.Enter+Keys.Escape);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I learned somewhere that sending an Escape may help some tough key sequence actions from time to time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29717" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-14T21:22:25.030" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T21:22:25.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31053" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-14T21:23:53.577" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the answers and comment are fulfilled the idea and this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am thinking that this question has to be change in other way, Even in this condition that I am sitting in home and stressed out, I can even hardly to answer to this question, it is even hard to understand what is hat asking for...&#xA;I guess it would better if you had a question that were mostly related to the &lt;strong&gt;situation&lt;/strong&gt; not &lt;strong&gt;condition&lt;/strong&gt; because:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Our mind are in that way so it is visualizes everything, meaning, we are tend to remember anything from our visualize memory not every word or sentence from that condition, so if we were in the specific &lt;strong&gt;situation&lt;/strong&gt; we will more likely to remember it!&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess you got the point, this is the way we think and the question has to be more specific and as simple as possible as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29719" LastActivityDate="2017-12-14T21:23:53.577" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31055" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-14T23:28:10.840" Score="4" ViewCount="2890" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have JIRA and are using an integrated testing tool called Kanoah &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.kanoah.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.kanoah.com/&lt;/a&gt;. It’s ok, but basically, I feel that there are too many clicks, too many fields and it is generally confusing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I found a few other things that looked similar - like TestGoat&#xA;- similar in that there are steps and expected results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We generally are testing how a customer goes through a lifecycle, so steps with expected results is exactly what we need - just with a cleaner, more intuitive and easier to fill out UI. And free would be nice too, as well as integratable with either JIRA or slack.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you for any answers, sorry if my terminology is wrong - I do not know much about the world of QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29721" LastEditorUserId="29721" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T10:00:57.297" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T10:00:57.297" Title="What are good tools for managing user acceptance testing?" Tags="&lt;jira&gt;&lt;user-acceptance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31056" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31055" CreationDate="2017-12-15T01:33:51.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Jira, like Trello, VSTS, Pivotal Tracker and others are story ticket management systems.  I've used them all and prefer Jira the most due to its UI, usability and integrations with both other Atlassian tools and other vendor tools.  However I don't consider these tools at all suitable to actually details the steps to go through to execute a given test, that is the wrong use of the tool and I can imagine how painful it would be in many tools to enter all those steps as sub tasks through the UI.  Remember, spend your time building software (including automation software and tests) not artifacts and detailed supporting documentation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Recording the steps with expected results is different, that indicates either a tool that can run tests (SeleniumIDE firefox plugin, TestNG, HPQualityCenter, etc. locally or tools such as GhostInspector that can run them in the cloud) or using a programming language, e.g. Ruby, Python, Java or C# with selenium bindings against browser instances.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then there are tools such as Jenkins, CircleCI, VSTS, etc. that let you run suites of testing in the cloud (CI - Continuous Integration) and often have detailed setup scripts but again I don't think this is directly what you describe.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T01:38:55.630" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T01:38:55.630" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31057" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6290" CreationDate="2017-12-15T01:44:47.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For any rubyists, I've found 'pick first option in the dropdown' a powerful way to avoid data combinatorial testing through the UI, once you create unit and integrated tests that do that testing and explain that to the business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a method, e.g. selecting the first school from a test field dropdown&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def select_first_school select_id&#xA;  find_by_id(select_id).send_keys :arrow_down&#xA;  find_by_id(select_id).send_keys :tab&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T01:44:47.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31058" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31017" CreationDate="2017-12-15T03:35:50.940" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I solved this by optimizing my selenium selectors to be less specific. This meant that they could tolerate a lot more changes to the structure of the pages, and adding and removing content, divs and so on.&#xA;My goal became to minimize how specific the selectors were. This made a big difference in the maintenance effort.&#xA;I used tools like Firepath to achieve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another technique is to create a small testing section of the website that is not visible to users. Authors, editors and developers are less likely to change this, so it makes your tests more stable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29725" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T03:35:50.940" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31059" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-15T05:48:37.333" Score="0" ViewCount="2731" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EhC7O.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EhC7O.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm using Appium for mobile automation,as soon as i click on start, within no time the server gets ended, it displays below error :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Launching Appium server with command: C:\Program Files&#xA;   (x86)\Appium\node.exe lib\server\main.js --address 127.0.0.1 --port&#xA;   4723 --platform-name Android --platform-version 22 --automation-name&#xA;   Appium --log-no-color&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Appium server process ended&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;does any one have solution?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27617" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T12:30:15.677" LastActivityDate="2019-05-03T14:21:59.697" Title="Unable to start Appium server" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31061" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2017-12-15T07:41:05.077" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are four main benefits of using Espresso:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Espresso Workflow Is Simple to Use&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way Espresso works is by allowing developers to build a test suite as a stand-alone APK that can be installed on the target devices alongside the application under test and be executed very quickly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Fast and Reliable Feedback to Developers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As developers are trying to accelerate deployment, Espresso gives them fast feedback on their code changes so they can move on to the next feature or defect fix; having a robust and fast test framework plays a key role.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Less Mobile Testing Flakiness&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because Espresso offers a synchronized method of execution, the stability of the test cycle is very high. There’s a built-in mechanism in Espresso that, prior to moving to the next steps in the test, validates that the Element or Object is actually displayed on the screen. This eliminates test execution from breaking when confronted with “objects not detected” and other errors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Developing Espresso Test Automation Isn’t Hard&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Developing Espresso test automation is quite easy. It is based on Java and Junit, which is a core skill set for any Android app developer. Because Espresso works seamlessly within the Android Studio IDE, there’s no setup or ramping up and no “excuses” – to actually shift quality in the in-cycle stage of the app SDLC.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition to the above, there is, of course, the large community powered by Google that pushes the Espresso test automation framework and allow easy and fast ramp up for newcomers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I referred above info from:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/training/testing/espresso/index.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;1. refer&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/4-benefits-of-using-the-espresso-test-automation-t&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;2. refer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T12:12:52.013" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T12:12:52.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31062" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2017-12-15T07:41:05.077" Score="0" Body="espresso is android automation tool/framework by Google. " OwnerUserId="19000" LastEditorUserId="19000" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T12:12:54.957" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T12:12:54.957" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31063" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31007" CreationDate="2017-12-15T09:54:02.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intention Revealing&lt;/strong&gt;: As with any other test names,happy path tests name should be intention revealing about what functionality it covers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Think in case of multiple happy path scenarios for same functionality, how by names you can differentiate and reveal the unique 'user journey'(code path) to the reader.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Many times by uniquely naming the tests itself ,we discover test steps redundency.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T10:00:45.043" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T10:00:45.043" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31065" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-15T13:06:58.577" Score="0" ViewCount="596" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just to give you a context on why I am asking this question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Actually I wanted to integrate &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.autoitscript.com/site/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;AutoIT&quot;&gt;AutoIT&lt;/a&gt; in my selenium test script.&#xA;My search led me to &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/accessrichard/autoitx4java&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;autoitx4java&quot;&gt;autoitx4java&lt;/a&gt;. When I was going through the README.md it said &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;AutoItX4Java uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/jacob-project/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;JACOB&quot;&gt;JACOB&lt;/a&gt; to access AutoItX through COM and&#xA;  strives to provide a native Java interface while maintaining the&#xA;  simplicity of AutoIt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I searched for JACOB and so on and so forth which ultimately led me to the question of what is &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms694363(v=vs.85).aspx/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Component Object Model&lt;/a&gt;.&#xA;I have gone through definition and the explanation on the internet but I am still not able to wrap my head around what is JACOB or COM.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any help would be appreciated. Thanks in advance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T13:33:31.583" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T16:07:11.337" Title="What is Component Object Model(COM) and Java-com Bridge(JACOB)" Tags="&lt;autoit&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31066" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-15T13:14:35.750" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Most interesting Defect(IMHO) is Lack of team communication&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As people already have given excellent answers about whether is it a good question or not so I will not go into it but share one interesting experience around it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I remember from a long time back during one waterfall project , I came upon a minor issue(which was hardly touching the real iceberg problem) but which sparked a lengthy discussion in team meeting which exposed an interesting revelation that a functionality was entirely functional and working fine as per the requirement but the actual usage scenarios were entirely different than what developers &amp;amp; testers envisioned.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, it was found the screen business scenarios and user input were entirely different and the current implemented feature was fully functional and tested but entirely useless for the business.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The lesson I learned from that (from quality perspective) ,above any technical maturity  in a team is &quot;team communication&quot;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;*A well communicating team can prevent lot of defects in the first place itself before implementing anything.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-01-14T20:52:23.860" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T20:52:23.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31067" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-15T14:06:49.623" Score="2" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a new user and have never used Selenium although have read lots on the official site. The amount of manual checks, versions and incomplete or add-ons are quite daunting to someone coming in for the first time. I Have knowledge of C++ and a software development background but i am struggling in the field of web testing (coming from embedded electronics which was almost a science).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone help with a PRACTICAL how to guide on Selendroid? Examples would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download and install (easy this one)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Setup install&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Launch 1st App&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Framework environment&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are so many you tubers and each video is a different build, platform or for a different programming language. Good software developers always have standard best practiсes. I am used to the professionalism of perforce and quite frankly, the open source (and not corporate paid license world) is far more messier and (i think harder) to learn new technologies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29742" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T17:15:12.347" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T17:15:12.347" Title="Practical guidance on setting up and getting started with Selendroid?" Tags="&lt;selendroid&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2017-12-21T21:39:18.587" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31069" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31117" CreationDate="2017-12-15T15:02:46.803" Score="0" ViewCount="4756" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here I'm facing one problem with if controller.using JSR223 Assertion to Extract the Response in Jmeter like this it is in One Thread Group   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;def threadName = Thread.currentThread().getName()&#xA;threadName = threadName.substring(threadName.lastIndexOf('-') + 1)&#xA;&#xA;def response = new groovy.json.JsonSlurper().parse(prev.getResponseData())&#xA;&#xA;props.put('Error_code_' + threadName, response.error)&#xA;props.put('Id_value_' + threadName, response.error_description)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;so it is giving like this output&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error_code_1=200&#xA;Error_code_10=400&#xA;Error_code_2=400&#xA;Error_code_3=200&#xA;&#xA;Id_value_1=60218&#xA;Id_value_10=noid&#xA;Id_value_2=noid&#xA;Id_value_3=60219&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in very Next Thread Group i am validating Error_code_  in side if Controller like this &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;${__P(Error_code_${__counter(,)},)}&quot;==&quot;200&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and i am putting id_values inside Http request there are 3 Http request.So when i run script the if condition is not properly validating. it also taking 400 error code also is there any way to see what value passing if condition or print it log file  or else any thing wrong in this approach please tell me is there any alternative to this stuff.please explain me with simple demo.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dPMyX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/dPMyX.png&quot; alt=&quot;Description&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28393" LastEditorUserId="28393" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T07:24:21.547" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T10:46:27.247" Title="Condition Inside IF controller Not giving proper Result in JMeter" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;&lt;groovy&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31070" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31065" CreationDate="2017-12-15T16:07:11.337" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why do you want to integrate AutoIT into selenium? If it would be more correct to say why would you want to integrate Java with AutoIT? There are much simpler ways to do the stuff. Java definitely has its own ways to interact with win32api but that is not what it was intended to do. If you want to automate some native windows activities - use AutoIT. If you need selenium and Java then you probably are doing something with a browser and http and autoit is not the best choice here. If you require both, python would have  worked better for you. Do not use tools for something that those were not intended to do especially if you already have a more versatile tool for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;COM object is a way to serialise object in so that it can be used regardless of environment or programming language. The developer should implement it according to a template that will allow any language to use this object through some OS interfaces.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28196" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T16:07:11.337" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31071" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31072" CreationDate="2017-12-15T16:13:10.643" Score="10" ViewCount="3615" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've been growing as a company and with it the development, QA, DevOps and other teams. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I could not help but notice that with each new addition to our QA team, our meetings are becoming longer and, in some sense, less productive since some of the topics are becoming off-topic for other people; we are handling more products and processes than before and it is becoming challenging to keep testers &quot;generic&quot; with a broad knowledge of the whole ecosystem and the products under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is probably a &quot;good problem to have&quot; in a sense, but are there general recommendations of how big can a single QA team be? What factors and metrics can help with that?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2018-02-23T14:15:55.827" Title="Ideal size for a QA team" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31072" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2017-12-15T16:36:09.850" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;You're going to get all kinds of recommendations on QA team sizes, from zero to twice the number of developers, or higher.  The right number for you depends on what you need to test, what kind of testing your developers do, and how solid your software needs to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My experience is that small teams -- no more than a handful of people -- are more effective than big ones.  As you've seen, bigger teams need disproportionately more time on communication and coordination.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may have reached a point where it's unrealistic to expect every tester to be generic with broad knowledge of the whole ecosystem and the products under test.  Maybe that's ok.  Consider splitting your big team into smaller teams who specialize.  Try to put at least one generalist on each team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastEditorUserId="246" LastEditDate="2017-12-15T17:33:47.490" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T17:33:47.490" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31073" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2017-12-15T17:27:53.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;You might want to consider breaking your QA team into smaller groups so they can focus on specific products. Keeping QA engineers 'generic' doesn't really work for agile teams, especially when the application engineers they work with are allowed to specialize. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23512" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T17:27:53.377" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31074" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31088" CreationDate="2017-12-15T17:33:21.623" Score="-1" ViewCount="8368" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find xpath of text &lt;strong&gt;262567&lt;/strong&gt; of given below HTML code :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;lessthanhalf&quot; &amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;h4&amp;gt; Listing&amp;lt;/h4&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;strong style=&quot;background: rgb(204, 136, 136); border: 2px solid red;&quot;&amp;gt;Load #:&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA;    262567&#xA;  &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;strong style=&quot;background: rgb(204, 136, 136); border: 2px solid red;&quot;&amp;gt;Date Listed:&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&#xA; 12/14/2017&#xA;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tried with &lt;code&gt;//div[@class='lessthanhalf']/h4/following-sibling::strong/text()[3]&lt;/code&gt; but not getting success.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can someone please help me on that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29752" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T09:52:36.957" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T05:57:52.427" Title="How to write XPath under tag: strong&lt;&gt; &lt;br&gt; after every &lt;strong&gt;" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31075" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31129" CreationDate="2017-12-15T19:38:50.750" Score="2" ViewCount="3466" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to run selenium-cucumber (Junit) project from command prompt.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using the statement in command prompt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -cp E:\Workspace2\AP\Jars\*;E:\Workspace2\AP\src\stepDefinition\ cucumber.api.cli.Main --glue E:\Workspace2\AP\src\cucumberTest\ E:\Workspace2\AP\Feature\LogIn_Test.feature&lt;/code&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but it is showing me following output: &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yUjld.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/yUjld.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And My eclipse folder structure is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wr2y0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wr2y0.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;LogIn_Test.feature&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QB5XX.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/QB5XX.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Test_steps.java file:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rxrFA.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/rxrFA.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TestRunner.java file:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sjdqx.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sjdqx.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I referred this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/running-cucumber-from-the-command-line&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dzone.com/articles/running-cucumber-from-the-command-line&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but nothing works. My code didin't ran. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone guide me to resolve it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T11:27:17.017" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T11:24:24.173" Title="How to run selenium-cucumber eclipse project through command prompt" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31076" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2017-12-15T20:09:48.613" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't think there is an &quot;ideal&quot; size for a QA team - it may depend on project, company, and many other factors.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Generally, the size of the QA team should not be big enough to be a bottleneck, but if the testing becomes bottleneck, then you'd increase the size of the QA team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It may be pretty difficult to give an ideal number or even hard numbers given the fact that testing is a very skill dependent. It may happen that your developer have a good amount of output and there may be 2 or even 3 QA to test that (yes I have seen that and have been one of those QA. Or vice versa, where 3-5 dev works are easily being managed by a single QA. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also increasing the head count or having a fixed ratio of devs:QA is a bad idea - as mentioned here &lt;a href=&quot;http://kaner.com/pdfs/pnsqc_ratio_of_testers.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://kaner.com/pdfs/pnsqc_ratio_of_testers.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The level of complexity of a project may also decide how many QA's you or your team might want to have in order to have a good quality project delivered, and have the complexity covered. Quality bar of a project is a key factor in deciding QA's in a team. A client-delivery project might need or have more QA's than an internal leave management system project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T20:09:48.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31078" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-15T21:47:18.670" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's a great question because it separates code copiers/script kiddies from actual software &lt;em&gt;engineers&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&#xA;A well-known, very expensive piece of analytical software owned by a large company (I won't say their name, but their initials are I, B and M) would refuse to allow drill-down access to data via SSL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The company isn't going to but another service contract, etc. and the programmer is stuck trying to solve a problem with 3rd party compiled code.  Despite the documentation, nothing works.  And yes, it &lt;em&gt;must&lt;/em&gt; be solved due to law.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's nothing a script kiddy can do with this.  There's no copy/paste code in stack exchange to fix this.  All the Scrum and Agile skills someone has won't do a darn thing to fix this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But a programmer - an engineer - would say that he duplicated the environment and looked at the server logs and saw the errors that weren't making it to the screen, and that he confirmed these errors on the production logs.  The programmer would say that he decompiled the code and found the IF statement handling the protocol.  The programmer would see how the IF statement was failing to properly handle the HTTPS protocol and implemented a workaround outside of the code: use URLs with port numbers that were encrypted (other than 443) and configure the web server accordingly. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Which one do you hire?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29760" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T21:47:18.670" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31079" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2017-12-15T23:21:04.167" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my past work the QA team's size was about 30-50 people. However, the QAs were &lt;em&gt;distributed&lt;/em&gt; to development teams. So we averaged about 2 QAs per 3-4 developers. On average the ratio was 1 QA per 2 developers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The QAs were &lt;em&gt;mostly manual&lt;/em&gt; (~99%). They did prove to be a sufficient bottleneck (although they hated being called that). We had a separate &quot;automation team&quot; that provided automated testing for the &quot;entire company&quot; based on the most critical features of the product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, to answer your question: I'd start by identifying &lt;em&gt;how much of a bottleneck&lt;/em&gt; is QA (if at all)? &lt;em&gt;That&lt;/em&gt; should inform you about the QA size more effectively (irrespective of whether they are manual or automated).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, since QA was manual on our teams, the dev capacity of work was 2x that of QA. However, the QA work in theory was almost 1:1 with respect to &quot;amount of time/effort to do the job&quot;. It's possible we could've done better with 1:1 dev:QA ratio, but budget wouldn't allow it. The communication overhead too would've been too much. However, we &lt;em&gt;never&lt;/em&gt; tested this hypothesis. I'm not sure if there are any studies on this, but empirically this is what we found.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd strongly suggest finding out the &lt;em&gt;QA pace of work&lt;/em&gt; - how long does work take to go into the QA team and out of it. Using that info and comparing against feature delivery efficiency, you could have a good judgment on the potential size of the QA team. You may have to &lt;em&gt;experiment&lt;/em&gt; if you don't have the budget - e.g., get some devs to be QAs for a bit or have the QA managers to chime in to increase the resource pool, hire contractors etc., or just get creative!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="589" LastActivityDate="2017-12-15T23:21:04.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31080" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2017-12-16T00:28:46.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I manage a QA team and ask this question to every interview candidate.  I mostly get answers that range between a 1:2 and 2:1 QA to Developer ratio.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ultimately, I think the advice from @user246 is on the right track...it depends on how complicated the test subject is, what kind of testing your developers do, and how solid your software needs to be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Find some good metrics to help you figure out what the right balance is.  I watch the number of new issues created for developers and how many issues get tested every week.  If I see a trend of developers creating more work than testers can keep up with, I start asking for more testers and I have some solid data to back up my request.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="910" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T00:28:46.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31083" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31084" CreationDate="2017-12-16T13:08:29.090" Score="1" ViewCount="3526" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to select drop down option and its sub options.but getting error while selecting its sub category &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bFW6U.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/bFW6U.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pPj3t.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pPj3t.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21247" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T15:05:26.033" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T15:05:26.033" Title="Element should have been 'select' but was 'li'" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-12-21T21:38:52.060" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31084" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31083" CreationDate="2017-12-16T13:48:50.680" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Judging by the error it looks like &lt;em&gt;you are passing an &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt; element instance to the &lt;code&gt;Select()&lt;/code&gt; class constructor which expects &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; elements only&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since both the &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;select&lt;/code&gt; have the same &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; value, you need to additionally check for tag names - e.g. with a CSS selector:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(&quot;select#cat_1219&quot;));&#xA;Select selectInstance = Select(selectElement);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-16T14:54:57.520" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T14:54:57.520" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31085" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31075" CreationDate="2017-12-16T15:50:19.383" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The steps look good so perhaps it is not finding / using the step definition file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe the part from the instructions about:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;Your feature files can be added to the end of the command line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ java -cp &quot;/Users/jreijn/.m2/repository/info/cukes/cucumber-core/1.2.5/cucumber-core-1.2.5.jar:/Users/jreijn/.m2/repository/info/cukes/gherkin/2.12.2/gherkin-2.12.2.jar:/Users/jreijn/.m2/repository/info/cukes/cucumber-java/1.2.5/cucumber-java-1.2.5.jar:/Users/jreijn/.m2/repository/info/cukes/cucumber-jvm-deps/1.0.5/cucumber-jvm-deps-1.0.5.jar&quot; cucumber.api.cli.Main Developer/sources/github/cucumber-jvm-extentreport/src/test/resources/cucumber/feature_one.feature&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will probably result in the following message:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;UUUUUU&#xA;3 Scenarios (3 undefined)&#xA;6 Steps (6 undefined)&#xA;0m0.000s&#xA;You can implement missing steps with the snippets below:&#xA;[snip]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means it can’t find the step definitions, hooks, etc that correspond to your feature file.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let’s add the glue code required for running the tests. In the below example I’ll use my maven projects target directory, which contains my step definitions in the test-classes directory. &lt;strong&gt;You can do that by adding the directory to your classpath, and with the argument --glue com.sitture.definitions&lt;/strong&gt;, provide the Java package that contains step definition Java classes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ java -cp &quot;/Users/jreijn/.m2/repository/info/cukes/cucumber-core/1.2.5/cucumber-core-1.2.5.jar:/Users/jreijn/.m2/repository/info/cukes/gherkin/2.12.2/gherkin-2.12.2.jar:/Users/jreijn/.m2/repository/info/cukes/cucumber-java/1.2.5/cucumber-java-1.2.5.jar:/Users/jreijn/.m2/repository/info/cukes/cucumber-jvm-deps/1.0.5/cucumber-jvm-deps-1.0.5.jar:/Users/jreijn/Developer/sources/github/cucumber-jvm-extentreport/target/test-classes/&quot; cucumber.api.cli.Main --glue com.sitture.definitions Developer/sources/github/cucumber-jvm-extentreport/src/test/resources/cucumber/feature_one.feature&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The other part that caught my eye was all steps throwing stuff but I don't know java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T15:50:19.383" CommentCount="14" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31086" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-16T15:56:47.637" Score="9" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's an excellent question. I think it's likely to help you understand:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(a) what kind of technical challenges the interviewee is accustomed to dealing with. (Do they choose a programming problem, a human interface problem, or a systems architecture problem? Do they interpret &quot;bug&quot; to mean not meeting the spec, or not meeting the business requirements?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(b) what level of personal responsibility they assume for quality and defect prevention. (Do they take ownership of the problem, or was it someone else's fault?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(c) how deep their analysis goes of the root cause of the problem (were our processes at fault? How should we have prevented this happening?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the question were thrown at me at interview I would have difficulty choosing from half a dozen incidents that quickly come to mind, but whichever I chose, I think the question would give me a good opportunity to present my particular skills and experience in a favourable light.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm answering this from the perspective of a developer / designer / architect, not a QA tester. But I still think the answers would be informative.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24789" LastActivityDate="2017-12-16T15:56:47.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31087" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2017-12-17T00:05:57.347" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The most effective and productive teams I have seen were known as feature teams having only 3 members- 1 business Analyst , 1 developer and 1 tester where all 3 are more of generalists than specialists.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At first glance, it may look like not effective composition but in the long run it is effective and very efficient where they truly work as a team to finish an feature in short sprints by having very open &amp;amp; transparent communication &lt;em&gt;where feedback loops are very short sometimes invisible.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T00:05:57.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31088" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31074" CreationDate="2017-12-17T03:01:09.453" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use below xpath to get the text what you want to get &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='lessthanhalf']/strong[contains(text(),'Load')]‌​/following::text()[1‌​] &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But selenium doesn't allow you to locate an element using text node. You can use JavascriptExecutor to evaluate your xpath to get your desired text&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;  &#xA;Object load= js.executeScript(&quot;var value = document.evaluate(\&quot;//div[@class='lessthanhalf']/strong[cont‌​ains(text(),'Load')]‌​/following::text()[1‌​]\&quot;,document, null, XPathResult.STRING_TYPE, null ); return value.stringValue;&quot;); &#xA;System.out.println(&quot;Load Number : &quot;+ load.toString());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T03:01:09.453" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31090" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31075" CreationDate="2017-12-17T09:03:04.537" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;--glue&lt;/code&gt; should point to the &lt;strong&gt;java package&lt;/strong&gt; in which your glue code resides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which in your case, based on the above screenshots, should be “--glue stepDefinition”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;One other important aspect is that you will need to add the &lt;strong&gt;compiled output&lt;/strong&gt; of the stepdefinitions to your classpath, which in you case should be the full path to the ‘bin’ directory, but you should leave the ‘stepDefinition’ part off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So try with&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;E:\Workspace2\AP&amp;gt;java -cp &quot;E:\Workspace2\AP\Jars\*;E:\Workspace2\AP\bin&quot; cucumber.api.cli.Main --glue stepDefinition E:\Workspace2\AP\Feature\LogIn_Test.feature&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the quotes around the classpath values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29795" LastEditorUserId="29795" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T19:43:25.537" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T19:43:25.537" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31091" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-17T10:17:17.670" Score="3" ViewCount="5861" Body="&lt;p&gt;How can I take a screenshot of the full web-page (including non-visible parts) with &lt;strong&gt;Selenium/WebDriver&lt;/strong&gt; using c# and the ChromeDriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So that is full page, including elements that are not in view, but for which you need to scroll down.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my current code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; Screenshot capture= ((ITakesScreenshot)driver).GetScreenshot();&#xA; capture.SaveAsFile(@&quot;D:\FilePath\screen1.jpeg&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastEditorUserId="29688" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T07:33:16.517" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T07:33:16.517" Title="How to Take full document screenshot including non visible parts" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver-c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" ClosedDate="2017-12-21T21:38:46.183" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31092" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-17T10:26:17.047" Score="4" ViewCount="9374" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am a beginner in software testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was going through the &lt;code&gt;.yml&lt;/code&gt; file used to schedule the regression runs and came across this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;schedule: &quot;H 1 * * 1,4&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know about cron format, but what I can not figure out is what is the &quot;H&quot; denoting here, surely it is not every minute (0-59) or else simply a '*' would have sufficed.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could anyone give a bit of explanation here? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29796" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T09:54:26.217" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T09:54:26.217" Title="Cron format, definition of H in .yml file" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-21T21:39:02.510" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31093" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31091" CreationDate="2017-12-17T12:18:17.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;You cannot take full page screenshots with Selenium/WebDriver. The WebDriver W3C requirement specify &lt;a href=&quot;https://w3c.github.io/webdriver/webdriver-spec.html#take-screenshot&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;taking screenshots&lt;/a&gt; as:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The Take Screenshot command takes a screenshot of the top-level&#xA;  browsing context’s viewport.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can only take screenshots of what is currently visible. I don't think there are a lot of use-cases where during a test you need a screenshot of the full-page. Simulating a user means act as the user would, the user can also only see the viewport. This simplifies the implementation of the WebDriver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implement it yourself&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What you could do is scroll and take multiple screenshots and combine them into one image after you got the shots:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Calculate the browser &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_win_innerheight.asp&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;window viewport&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1145850/how-to-get-height-of-entire-document-with-javascript&quot;&gt;document&lt;/a&gt; height, with help of the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6229769/execute-javascript-using-selenium-webdriver-in-c-sharp&quot;&gt;JavaScript executor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take a screenshot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Scroll down the viewport height with &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollBy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;window.scrollBy()&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6229769/execute-javascript-using-selenium-webdriver-in-c-sharp&quot;&gt;JavaScript executor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Take another screenshot.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Repeat until end of page, e.g. reached the document height.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7206510/combine-two-images-into-one-new-image&quot;&gt;Combine screenshots into one image&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-17T12:59:33.780" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T12:59:33.780" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31094" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-17T12:24:24.910" Score="6" ViewCount="1623" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please tell me how to run only failed test cases using NUnit.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29733" LastActivityDate="2019-11-05T16:32:22.767" Title="How to make run only failed test cases in NUnit" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;nunit&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31095" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2017-12-17T12:34:50.227" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;TL;DR&lt;/strong&gt;: The smaller the better, I would aim for 3-6 people.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/984885/how-do-i-explain-the-overhead-of-communication-between-developers-in-a-team&quot;&gt;overhead of communication&lt;/a&gt; clearly grows when your team size becomes bigger. I guess the tipping point is around 10-12 people, now to many influence each other and your in for some real communication pains.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like to keep a a team to a maximum of 5-6 people doing the actual work and only handful of stakeholders (3-5) pouring in work in the teams backlog. Then the team can decide what to pull in. If there is more work than a single team can handle I would vote for a second team on the same backlog. Now the teams have to figure out some coordination which does not include the full teams to often. The simplest form could be a daily &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_(software_development)#Scrum_of_scrums&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Scrum of Scrums&lt;/a&gt;. Don't think it really matters if this is a QA-team, a Dev-team or a Sale-team. They could function and organise in the same way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Larger teams also have higher turn-arounds, where people come and leave (team or company). Bringing the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuckman%27s_stages_of_group_development&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;group development stage&lt;/a&gt; back to forming. This is very ineffective. Keeping teams together is better and much easier with smaller teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The smaller the team and the more self-organised the better, but there is also a minimum of around 3-4 people. Try limiting the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;bus-factor&lt;/a&gt; to around 3, this means that team-members should not act as individuals.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T12:34:50.227" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31097" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-17T13:39:29.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Great question for seniors, maybe not so good for junior testers. I think being able to explain risks to managers, developers and other testers with some good bug stories is mandatory for seniors. If you cannot teach from experience than you are probably just a medior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just finding the defects is only part of the job, understanding how they happend and preventing similar issues in the future is just as important.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some stories that come to mind:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The missing where clause&lt;/strong&gt;: After the first time I ran into an defect which deleted/updated more data than was expected I started to using database-diffs, during my testing steps. Making sure no more or less data was updated than I expected. I have a good story how data was lost in production, which we spotted during testing but could not reproduce. Afterwards it was a complex relationship issue, where in some cases the where-clause could be missing, updating thousands of records. If only I had database-diffs during my testing sessions I could have proven the issues, although I could not reproduce it at the time. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The admin password in plain-sight&lt;/strong&gt;: I did a basic security test on our Citrix hosted application. After some hours I was logged into the main control-server. First I could escape the application into PowerShell, from there I did a search on all files and network share for the word password. Seemed the unattended install scripts did not clean-up after themselves. I am not a great hacker, I just followed a how to break into Citrix guide from the web.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It works, but it isn't what the client needed&lt;/strong&gt;: I have lots of stories where we got defects reports from the field. We build what was &quot;required&quot;, but when used it was faulty. The case with the label printing was one. We added a new form of printing labels, but they needed two labels, but after printing the first label we would hide it in the systems. Now it was impossible to print it again, unless the whole work-order was processed again, leading to lot of manual labour. Easy fix, but the client didn't want to upgrade, because they just started a high risk maintenance job of two weeks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think I can come up with lots more of compelling defect stories, but I am sure I could &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; come up with a new one on the spot under pressure. Maybe my most recent found defect would come to mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Still it seems fine to ask an interviewee to prepare a good defect story before he/she comes in. Testing their story-telling skills, but also how they handled the situation. Differencing between click-monkeys and people who investigate mysteries and grow from them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T13:39:29.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31099" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31094" CreationDate="2017-12-17T13:55:23.267" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;NUnit does not provide this feature. There is no feature to re-run only the failed test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Would can do is start only a couple of tests from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/Console-Command-Line&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;command-line&lt;/a&gt; by their name: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;--test=NAMES  Comma-separated list of NAMES of tests to run or explore. This option may be repeated. Note that this option is retained for&#xA;  backward compatibility. The --where option can now be used instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;--testlist=FILE   The name (or path) of a FILE containing a list of tests to run or explore, one per line.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/Console-Command-Line&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/Console-Command-Line&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now to create the list of tests to re-run you should be able to extract the failed tests from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nunit/docs/wiki/Test-Result-XML-Format&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Result XML&lt;/a&gt; file, but again there is no example code, you will need to create it yourself. Should not be to complicated for an average programmer, ask local developers for help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T13:55:23.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31100" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31092" CreationDate="2017-12-17T14:04:01.963" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;H stands for Hash&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;H ( H ) 'H' is used in the Jenkins continuous integration system to&#xA;  indicate that a &quot;hashed&quot; value is substituted. Thus instead of '20 * *&#xA;  * *' which means at 20 minutes after the hour every hour,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;'H * * * *' indicates that the task is performed every hour at an unspecified but&#xA;  invariant time. This allows spreading out tasks over time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Other reads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26383778/spread-load-evenly-by-using-h-rather-than-5&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26383778/spread-load-evenly-by-using-h-rather-than-5&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-17T14:04:01.963" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31102" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31103" CreationDate="2017-12-18T02:43:28.090" Score="12" ViewCount="2071" Body="&lt;p&gt;We've been going through onboarding procedures with multiple people that were becoming a part of our QA team throughout the history of our company. During these times we usually try to meet with a new person more often, do a couple overviews of our products and workflows, ask to research the tools we use for test automation and point to the tutorials to go over. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the general recommendations and strategies to make a new QA specialist onboard in the most efficient, productive and motivating manner? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T16:54:30.097" LastActivityDate="2021-01-19T09:35:59.513" Title="Most productive onboarding for a new tester" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="10" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31103" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31102" CreationDate="2017-12-18T02:55:05.740" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you can (given the constraints of technology and time zone), pair them with your existing QA specialists to do real work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T02:55:05.740" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31107" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-18T05:57:52.077" Score="3" ViewCount="322" Body="&lt;p&gt;I read this in a blog that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/how-to-test-software-requirements-specification-srs/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Most of the bugs in software are due to incomplete or inaccurate functional requirements&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the main reason for this due is less some lagging in the requirement analysis phase so in this question, I want to know the best practice to analyze the requirement &amp;amp; How much time a tester should devote to go through the requirement.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T06:04:18.257" LastActivityDate="2017-12-24T21:19:13.703" Title="What is the best practice to analyze the requirement as a tester?" Tags="&lt;requirements-validation&gt;&lt;requirements-engineering&gt;&lt;good-practices&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31108" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31102" CreationDate="2017-12-18T06:01:43.083" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;To On-board New QA Employees I'd Recommend:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Give Documentation on functionality of software applications used &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let Employee Review Existing Test Cases&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let Employee Review view past issues/bugs with the software &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Let Employee Review Automated Test Cases written &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide links to tutorials on Test Case Logging Software &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Provide links to tutorials on Automation Software&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For a remote team, make sure to foster environment with lots of open communication via skype, email, and chat &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If no documentation exists, let the developer tell the QA how the software works      &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1871" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T06:01:43.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31109" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31094" CreationDate="2017-12-18T06:05:26.243" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's possible to write an engine extension (IResultWriter) that would save a list of failed tests one per line in the same format that NUnit uses to run tests from the &quot;--testlist&quot; option.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1871" LastEditorUserId="1871" LastEditDate="2019-11-05T16:32:22.767" LastActivityDate="2019-11-05T16:32:22.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31110" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31107" CreationDate="2017-12-18T06:21:18.597" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testers should:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Write Test Cases based on the requirements &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clarify any assumed requirements &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Begin Testing at the requirement phase&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Requirements should be: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clear and specific with no uncertainty&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;measurable in terms of specific values&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testable having some evaluation criteria for each requirement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;complete, without any contradictions”&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The requirements specification doc should address:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project functionality (What should be done &amp;amp; what should not be done).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software Interfaces &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Hardware interfaces &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The User interface.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Correctness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security and performance criteria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implementation issues / risks if applicable&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1871" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T06:21:18.597" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31112" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-18T08:44:46.047" Score="3" ViewCount="94" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a requirement which say: The user should be able to view the employee information. The user can edit/Add or delete information.I followed the following scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I Clicked on an employee name to open its info window. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the opened window I clicked on Edit--&gt; The edit window opens &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I Closed the Edit window and tried to open it again--&gt; The window is not opened at all, and to open it I have to restart the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;What is the defect severity in this case? Critical or Major?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that the definition of critical and Major defects in my organization is described below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Critical:&lt;/strong&gt; Any defect causing a crash of the system/component where no workaround is available. User is not able to get the expected result&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Major:&lt;/strong&gt; Same as critical but complex workaround is available.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29177" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T11:33:41.533" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T11:37:26.650" Title="What do we consider the defect severity in the case: &quot;Edit window is not opening&quot;" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;&lt;defect-tracking&gt;&lt;bug-severity&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2017-12-20T08:50:22.163" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31113" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31107" CreationDate="2017-12-18T08:58:43.493" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It’s better to catch the requirement ambiguities and fix them in the early development life cycle itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Project functionality (What should be done and what should not be done).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software, Hardware interfaces, and the user interface.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;System Correctness, Security and performance criteria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implementation issues (risks) if any.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18699" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T08:58:43.493" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31114" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-12-18T09:02:56.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The truth is that writing good tests is as hard as writing good production code. It takes practice and it requires careful thought, but so many times I have seen how tests are treated as second class citizens, which usually means that we do not reap the whole benefits of a good test suite, ending up with suites that are more of a burden than an asset.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good test suite:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Gives you confidence.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Finds bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is cheap to maintain.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Document the system.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Robustness.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Does not have bugs(test it self).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18699" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T09:02:56.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31115" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31112" CreationDate="2017-12-18T09:33:58.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to your explanation ,The defect severity will be (&lt;strong&gt;Major&lt;/strong&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Critical: This defect indicates complete shut-down of the process, nothing can proceed further&#xA;Major: It is a highly severe defect and collapse the system. However, certain parts of the system remain functional&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/defect-severity-in-software-testing.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Severity Definition&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T09:33:58.713" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31116" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31112" CreationDate="2017-12-18T09:35:33.960" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, it depends on how you would define &quot;workaround&quot; and the fact that whether your editing is saved after you close your edit window.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider this following scenario:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;An employee name is clicked and its info window opens up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In this opened window, its Edit is clicked and its Edit window opens up&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You edit this employee's info and close it; you click Edit again, nothing happens.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If this employee's info has been edited but not saved, then it is definitely a critical issue as there is no workaround to achieve Edit &amp;amp; Save; if this employee's info has been saved then it is a major inconvenience as you can potentially work around by restarting this application, hence a workaround is possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, can you please confirm whether your editing is saved?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T09:35:33.960" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31117" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31069" CreationDate="2017-12-18T10:46:27.247" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way of debugging If Controller is enabling logging for it, you can do it in 2 ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;From JMeter GUI having the If Controller selected choose &lt;code&gt;Help -&amp;gt; Enable Debug&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JbNHb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JbNHb.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter enable Debug&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Or by adding the next line to &lt;code&gt;log4j2.xml&lt;/code&gt; file (lives under &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Logger name=&quot;org.apache.jmeter.control.IfController&quot; level=&quot;debug&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In both cases you will see what values are being evaluated and what is the outcome in &lt;em&gt;jmeter.log&lt;/em&gt; file&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1rxIy.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/1rxIy.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Log File - If Controller - Debug&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-to-configure-jmeter-logging&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Configure JMeter Logging&lt;/a&gt; article for more information. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Individual JMeter properties and variables names/values can be visualised via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Debug_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debug Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener combination. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T10:46:27.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31118" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-18T10:53:42.870" Score="2" ViewCount="803" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm not a Java, Cucumber, Selenium athlete, but I've managed to cobble together some robust Cucumber tests that work. Each test tears down any data created to support it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Problem is the environment the tests run in is less than robust and (as the tests rely on common data) when they fail the data can be left in an indeterminate state.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't really understand exception handlers, but want to write some code that will run when a test fails that checks the state of data and resets it so that a subsequent test will run and not fail due to a previous failure.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29822" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T15:18:30.970" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T08:51:47.927" Title="How can I reset my test data when a UI-test fails with Cucumber-JVM" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31119" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31112" CreationDate="2017-12-18T11:37:26.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would say Critical&#xA;Having to shut down and restart the system is not an acceptable workaround given the stated requirements (whether or not the data was saved).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29822" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T11:37:26.650" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31120" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29399" CreationDate="2017-12-18T13:37:59.370" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its simple&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Follow the below steps&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a Method or Google for a Method that checks whether the&#xA;passed Collection is in ascending order  or not  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Same way create a Method that checks whether the passed Collection is in &#xA;descending order or not &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Now in the Application, Click on the Sorting i.e&#xA;ascending or descending as you need &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Loop across each Data store them in any Collection &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If clicked ascending, Pass the stored values to ascending method or vice &#xA;versa &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If the above method returns true, the Test is PASS&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29826" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T13:37:59.370" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31123" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31118" CreationDate="2017-12-18T15:17:07.990" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can achieve it using &lt;a href=&quot;http://toolsqa.com/cucumber/cucumber-hooks/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;cucumber-jvm hooks&lt;/a&gt;. If a hook receives a Scenario as a parameter, you can know if it has failed or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@After&#xA;public void afterFailedScenario(Scenario scenario) {&#xA;  if (scenario.isFailed()) {&#xA;     // Some code to execute...&#xA;  }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note the import of &lt;code&gt;@After&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import cucumber.api.java.After;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code under an @After is always run after each test, there is also an @Before that is run before each test, you also clean-up before each test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Alternatively you could use a &lt;a href=&quot;https://beginnersbook.com/2013/04/try-catch-in-java/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;try/catch&lt;/a&gt; block in your test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try {&#xA;  // Test steps that can fail and throw an exception&#xA;}&#xA;catch(Exception e){&#xA;  // This catch block catches all the exceptions&#xA;  // Clean your data&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T15:17:07.990" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31124" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31107" CreationDate="2017-12-18T15:28:47.037" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is not answerable. Answer is: &quot;QA should devote as much time as needed to find out all inconsistencies in requirements, but don't waste anything beyond that&quot;. So you are back on square one. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To avoid mistakes, good judgement is necessary&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good judgement is based on experience&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Experience is based on learning from past mistakes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T15:28:47.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31125" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-18T17:49:49.317" Score="2" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am well aware that there are great services which allows us to use hundreds of available browsers, devices, AI supported false positive prevention and many other things. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when it comes to build a Continuous Integration workflow I see a lot of developers are using in-house solutions or open source tools. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Particularly I have had hard time to use other SaaS companies available on the market for huge sets of regression and functional tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are your experiences on the subject ? Especially for regression and functional testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24366" LastEditorUserId="24366" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T22:48:13.357" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T22:48:13.357" Title="What are the disadvantages of using SaaS companies for Regression and Functional Testing?" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31126" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31125" CreationDate="2017-12-18T18:50:51.080" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;One of the disadvantages&lt;/strong&gt; of using SaaS for regression testing is that you need to &lt;strong&gt;allow outside organization access&lt;/strong&gt; to your pre-production test environment. In most organizations, it has significant part of real production information, which can be &lt;strong&gt;security risk.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Even if you de-identify user data (scramble addresses, phones, names etc) in pre-production testing (which might be significant and repeated effort), industrious industrial spy agent in SaaS company can ferret out significant knowledge about your business. Hence the dislike for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some SaaS companies provide also &lt;strong&gt;&quot;on-premises&quot; testing cloud&lt;/strong&gt;, which avoids such concerns (for added price of course). Or, companies just build the in-house test cloud themselves, if they have the expertise.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In-house solution using open-source might seem less expensive, but &lt;strong&gt;only if you do not factor in the cost of your own in-house experts&lt;/strong&gt; learning the tools and managing the solution. Usually, buying something mass-produced by experts is cheaper than building it in-house from scratch (if mass-produced version can reasonably cover your needs).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Best of both worlds seems to be to &lt;strong&gt;buy expert &quot;on-premises&quot; solution build on open-source software&lt;/strong&gt;, to avoid vendor lock-in, and learn from experts how to run it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cost (and feasibility of buy/hire vs sourcing in-house) also depends on the job market and cost of living: it might be more expensive (per hour) to hire admin in USA than in a developing country. This way, open source/cloud computing can shift opportunities to countries with lover cost of living. So it is kind of funny that many of us spend our own free time to teach others (for free) to do what we do for living in countries with high living costs...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T21:02:19.527" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T21:02:19.527" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31127" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31107" CreationDate="2017-12-18T19:51:53.883" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I read the word requirement my spline shivers. It is just an idea, probably a flawed one, it is definitely not required. What that blog describes is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall_model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;traditional waterfall&lt;/a&gt;, where the costs go up if defects are found in later stages. Nor does it give any proof that lack of requirements analysis leads to the most defects, I just don't believe it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Instead of analysing requirements I would say build and deliver the smallest part of an application that would generate some value for its users. Get the feedback cycle going to validate you build the right thing the right way. Then deliver something valuable again in a couple of weeks. Practising &lt;a href=&quot;http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile principles&lt;/a&gt; is way more effective then testing requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Standish group says &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/are-64-of-features-really-rarely-or-never-used&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;64% of the features are rarely or never used&lt;/a&gt;. This does not mean it has bugs or was implemented wrong, just that it was not needed. Also &lt;a href=&quot;https://dzone.com/articles/applying-8020-rule-software&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;20% of the features deliver 80% of the value&lt;/a&gt;. Building less software is the best way to have less defects and go faster. Keeping complexity low and value high. Once you hit the high-end of the value curve, wonder if you still need to add more functionality. I think it is easier to get proof for increased complexity leading to more defects than lack of requirements testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think the developers, testers and stakeholders should spend around 15-60 minutes on a particular feature face-to-face. Make it smaller and build the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agilenutshell.com/simplest_thing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;simplest thing that might work&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jamesshore.com/Agile-Book/test_driven_development.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-Driven Development&lt;/a&gt;. Maybe another 5 minutes to write the first test. Spending more time is just an waste. Validating real working software with real users is the only way to get the functionality right. This might sounds harsh, but people have no idea what they really need until the see what they got.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sure this might not be valid in certain niche life-and-death software products, but probably works for 99% of all other products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T20:06:40.263" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T20:06:40.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31128" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31130" CreationDate="2017-12-18T20:11:05.273" Score="4" ViewCount="337" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've been hired in a company, where I'm the only QA Engineer in the team. One of my goals is to automate UI tests by using Selenium Webdriver. The project, that I'm working on, is complex form and every steps are related to each other. I mean it is not possible to pass through the 2nd step of the form without finishing the 1st one and so on. Let's say that the form has 12 pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already automated the project but I want to make my code better and accomplish a wide-known patterns and good practices. One of the popular practice is to keep tests &quot;Small, Atomic, Autonomous&quot;. I was reading a lot about it, but I don't know how to implement it into my project. My tests can't be autonomous because it is technically impossible, I guess. My questions are: does anyone have an experience in projects like mine and how did you accomplished described rule above? Should I follow these rules, good practices and patterns in every case? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22433" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T22:09:36.453" Title="How to apply the &quot;Small, Atomic, Autonomus&quot; rule into complex project" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31129" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31075" CreationDate="2017-12-18T20:13:37.043" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well at last the Issue is been resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;All I have did is in eclipse, just renaming the file &quot;TestRunner&quot; to &quot;TestRunnerTest&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Command Line:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;java -cp &quot;E:\Workspace2\AP\Jars\*;E:\Workspace2\AP\bin&quot; cucumber.api.cli.Main --glue stepDefinition E:\Workspace2\AP\Feature\LogIn_Test.feature&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks to Koen Prins answer, Reference here: &lt;a href=&quot;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/cukes/vE_85FW0zks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/cukes/vE_85FW0zks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also one can refer: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8gm4hFsivI&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8gm4hFsivI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19541" LastEditorUserId="19541" LastEditDate="2018-08-22T11:24:24.173" LastActivityDate="2018-08-22T11:24:24.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31130" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31128" CreationDate="2017-12-18T20:41:53.677" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Small, atomic, autonomous&quot; is better fit for unit test, not for UI/End-to-end tests like you are writing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course you should try to make your test to be small and autonomous. But very often you cannot, because your goal is not to test small part of the project, but complete interaction of the user with the system, often in several variants, depending of the business logic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In example, one of my test creates several versions of the product, then logs to the system as several different users with different security settings, check the presence/absence of the created products in dozen of pages, and present/enabled/disabled for buttons according to business rules, BEFORE some features of the products are deleted (according to rules), and then checking same pages again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whole test runs for more than 15 minutes, and it as fast as webdriver can fill the form and browser can load the webpages. For many purists, that would not be &quot;small&quot; test - but it is just one test, checking for the business logic for the different versions of the same product, and how they are handled by several webpages. Functionality was implemented as one feature (working with many existing pages). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What helps this test to be manageable is good old-fashioned object design: using pageobject for all pages, and using data-driven design, where test data define different variants of the product, and test interprets the data, so definition of the data (just few lines, &quot;small and autonomous&quot; by your definition) describes exactly what will happen in each step of the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use &quot;autonomous&quot; to run simpler (and quicker running) tests before more complex: in my example above, creating a single variant of a product before creating whole batch and testing all users and pages. But in e2e testing, your test will never be small and autonomous, except trivial cases like check if you can login.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-12-18T22:09:36.453" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T22:09:36.453" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31131" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31128" CreationDate="2017-12-18T20:58:51.463" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I subscribe to FIRST - Fast, Independent, Repeatable, Self-Validating, and Timely. Tests need to run as fast as possible (no implicit waits or sleeps), run by itself with the same expected results, can be ran back-to-back with itself (before and after deployments), end with an Assert (I also follow Arrange, Act, Assert), and run as part of CI with reliable and easily parse-able results.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You want to test everything as simply as possible but often one function relies on another. For our example, we need to log in and then update our profile. So we can't test the 'Profile' page without first hitting the 'Log In' page. Well, we already have a small, happy-path test for logins that might look like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;public void Login_HappyPath()&#xA;{&#xA;    // Arrange: Get necessary values&#xA;    User user = User.GetUser(&quot;admin&quot;);&#xA;    // Act: Login using valid credentails&#xA;    App.LoginPage.LoginAs(user);&#xA;    // Assert: Login was successful&#xA;    Assert.IsTrue(App.GlobalToolbar.UserProfileImage.Displayed);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With each test that needs to login first, we just call the login method and move on with life. If the login doesn't work for whatever reason, then we'll never be able to test the 'Profile' page as the test(s) would likely throw an exception trying to get there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Things start getting a little more complicated with something like CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations. With the Read, we need a record as a prerequisite. There are many ways you can get a record for testing. You could seed the data in the 'Arrange' part of your test or you could have specific read-only test records in a database. The options go on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[Test]&#xA;public void Read_HappyPath()&#xA;{&#xA;    // Arrange: Get the ID for the test record&#xA;    string recordId = TestUtils.GetTestRecord(&quot;read_happypath&quot;);&#xA;    // Act: Request the record by ID&#xA;    JObject recordJsonObject = App.RecordsPage.RequestById(recordId);&#xA;    // Assert: The record &#xA;    Assert.AreEqual(recordId, recordJsonObject[&quot;id&quot;].ToString()); &#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Takeaway&lt;/strong&gt;: First, test everything as small as you can ('unit' tests). Then start chaining common methods into other ('integration') tests. Don't be surprised when an 'integration' test fails as you'll likely be able to track it back to a 'unit' test. Do take care in test design so that one test can run by itself. Note: I am using the terms 'unit' and 'integration' loosely here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11015" LastActivityDate="2017-12-18T20:58:51.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31132" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-19T04:43:39.063" Score="2" ViewCount="104" Body="&lt;p&gt;These little mobile devices in our hands seem simple to use, compact, convenient, and extremely fast but testers need to apply a huge amount of effort, a multitude of skills. Sometimes professional tips of other big devices that might not be applicable when testing desktops or web applications whether you are currently testing a mobile app, or want to learn more about mobile testing and what it involves suggestions and ideas can help you get to start testing in the mobile space.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T09:45:21.147" Title="Tips to grow Mobile Application Testing Skills?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2017-12-19T16:39:52.793" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31135" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31132" CreationDate="2017-12-19T08:33:36.093" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The way we browse the internet is changing. In 2016, mobile devices and tablets were used to access the web more than traditional computers or laptops.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The difficulty is that the mobile and tablet landscape is highly fragmented, spanning many devices across manufacturers and models. In order to ensure greater acquisition, retention and click-through rates, websites need to be a completely accessible, responsive, and frictionless experience for the end user.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;61% of users said that they are unlikely to return to a mobile site they had trouble accessing, with 40% leaving for a competitor’s site instead. In another report, 57% of users said they wouldn’t recommend a business with a poorly designed mobile site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With this in mind, cross device and cross browser testing should be at the forefront of quality assurance. However, supporting and testing such a wide range of mobile devices can be a huge investment of time, effort, and money.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I spent some time investigating three possible solutions for testing web-based products in order to help mitigate the risk of lost custom and revenue, increase customer acquisition and retention, and to ensure the highest possible quality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The table below contains a high level overview of three cross-browser / cross-device solutions, as well as the cost associated with each one. The prices are for a single user license (manual testing only) and, for SauceLabs and Browserstack, are charged annually.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It may be worth spending some time with these so you can draw your own conclusions.&lt;/strong&gt; Some offer automation, some don't. Some offer a cloud-based service, some don't. It really depends on what you and your employer want to get out of device testing... but this should be enough to get you started. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y1uiE.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Y1uiE.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T08:33:36.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31136" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-19T09:38:13.630" Score="1" ViewCount="360" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to search a few records on a website. The input data is in an excel sheet and I need to write the search result into another excel sheet. And while executing the script, the screen hangs at some point and it is giving &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;. But this is not happening always. I have given enough delay, but still, it is not loading the page and when I inspect the page it seems the  tag in which the element exists is blank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given below is my code...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package TestNG;&#xA;&#xA;import java.io.FileInputStream;&#xA;import java.io.FileOutputStream;&#xA;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;&#xA;import java.io.IOException;&#xA;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;&#xA;import java.util.Date;&#xA;import java.util.Iterator;&#xA;import java.util.List;&#xA;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;&#xA;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.Test;&#xA;&#xA;import Automation.Emdeon_Elements;&#xA;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.By;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;&#xA;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;&#xA;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;&#xA;&#xA;import jxl.Cell;&#xA;import jxl.Sheet;&#xA;import jxl.Workbook;&#xA;import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;&#xA;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;&#xA;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFFont;&#xA;&#xA;public class Emdeon {&#xA;    private static WebDriver driver;&#xA;    private static Workbook wb1;&#xA;    private static Sheet Claims;&#xA;    private static Sheet Credentials;&#xA;    private static FileOutputStream fs2;&#xA;    private static XSSFWorkbook wb2;&#xA;    private static XSSFSheet SearchResults;&#xA;    private static String Claim;&#xA;    private static String filepath2;&#xA;    private static String Username;&#xA;    private static String Password;&#xA;    private static int ex_row_tr;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@Test(priority=1)&#xA;public void emdeonlogin() throws InterruptedException {&#xA;    driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.frame1));&#xA;    Username = Credentials.getCell(1,0).getContents();&#xA;    Password = Credentials.getCell(1,1).getContents();&#xA;    driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.username).sendKeys(Username);            //Entering Username&#xA;    driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.password).sendKeys(Password);            //Entering Password&#xA;    driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.login).click();      &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Logged In&quot;);        &#xA;    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20,TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(priority=2)&#xA;public void createexcel() throws InterruptedException, FileNotFoundException {&#xA;    ex_row_tr=1;&#xA;    Date d= new Date();&#xA;    SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;dd-MM-yy HH-mm-ss&quot;);&#xA;    filepath2 = &quot;D://Jee/Selenium WorkSpace/Input/EmdeonSearchResults_&quot;+dateFormat.format(d)+&quot;.xlsx&quot;;&#xA;    fs2 = new FileOutputStream(filepath2);&#xA;    wb2 = new XSSFWorkbook();&#xA;    SearchResults = wb2.createSheet(&quot;SR&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Test(priority=3)&#xA;public void searchscreen() throws InterruptedException, IOException {&#xA;    driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Reporting_Analytics).click();&#xA;    driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Claim_Mgmt).click();&#xA;&#xA;    int k;&#xA;    for(int i=0;i&amp;lt;Claims.getRows();i++)&#xA;    {&#xA;        k=i+1;&#xA;        System.out.println(k);&#xA;        for(int j=0;j&amp;lt;1;j++)&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(70, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;            driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Payments).click();                                                                                       driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Search_Remits).click();                                                                                    &#xA;            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(70, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.frame2));&#xA;            **Select dropdown = new Select (driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Time_Period));**                           &#xA;            dropdown.selectByIndex(0);                                                                                                                                    &#xA;            WebElement radioBtn = driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.By_Claim);                                   &#xA;            radioBtn.click();                                                                                                                                             &#xA;            Claim = Claims.getCell(j,i).getContents();&#xA;driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Patient_Control).sendKeys(Claim);                                    driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Search).click();                                                     &#xA;                System.out.println(k+&quot;- &quot;+Claim);   &#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;        String pp = driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.No_Result).getText();&#xA;        String qq = &quot;Your search returns no results.&quot;; &#xA;&#xA;        if (pp.equals(qq))&#xA;        {&#xA;            System.out.println(&quot;No search result for &quot;+Claim);&#xA;            XSSFRow row2 = SearchResults.createRow(++ex_row_tr);&#xA;            XSSFCell cell1 = row2.createCell(0);&#xA;            cell1.setCellValue(Claim);  &#xA;            XSSFCell cell2 = row2.createCell(1);&#xA;            cell2.setCellValue(&quot;Your search returns no results.&quot;);  &#xA;            ex_row_tr++;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else&#xA;        {&#xA;            driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Result_1).click();                                               &#xA;            Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;            driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Service_Line_Info).click();                                                                                          &#xA;        WebElement baseTable1 = driver.findElement(Emdeon_Elements.Heading_Table);&#xA;&#xA;            int Col_count1 = driver.findElements(Emdeon_Elements.Heading_Table).size();&#xA;            XSSFRow row1 = SearchResults.createRow(1);&#xA;&#xA;            for(int th_col=1;th_col&amp;lt;=Col_count1;th_col++)&#xA;            {&#xA;                WebElement th = baseTable1.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//html/body/div/div[10]/div/table/thead/tr/th[&quot;+th_col+&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;                String c1 = th.getText();&#xA;                XSSFCell cell1 = row1.createCell(th_col);&#xA;                cell1.setCellValue(c1); &#xA;&#xA;                XSSFFont font= wb2.createFont();&#xA;                font.setBold(true);&#xA;                CellStyle style = null;&#xA;                style=wb2.createCellStyle();&#xA;                style.setFont(font);&#xA;                style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);&#xA;                cell1.setCellStyle(style);&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            int row_count1 = driver.findElements(Emdeon_Elements.Data_Table).size();&#xA;&#xA;            for(int tr_col=1;tr_col&amp;lt;=row_count1;tr_col++)&#xA;            {&#xA;                WebElement baseTable2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//html/body/div/div[10]/div/table/tbody/tr[&quot;+tr_col+&quot;]/td&quot;));&#xA;                int Col_count2 = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//html/body/div/div[10]/div/table/tbody/tr[&quot;+tr_col+&quot;]/td&quot;)).size();&#xA;                XSSFRow row2 = SearchResults.createRow(++ex_row_tr);&#xA;                XSSFCell cell1 = row2.createCell(tr_col-1);&#xA;                cell1.setCellValue(Claim);  &#xA;&#xA;                for(int td_col=1;td_col&amp;lt;=Col_count2;td_col++)&#xA;                {&#xA;                    WebElement td = baseTable2.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//html/body/div/div[10]/div/table/tbody/tr[&quot;+tr_col+&quot;]/td[&quot;+td_col+&quot;]&quot;));&#xA;                    String c2 = td.getText();&#xA;                    XSSFCell cell2 = row2.createCell(td_col);&#xA;                    cell2.setCellValue(c2);                 &#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            ex_row_tr++;&#xA;        }&#xA;        System.out.println(&quot;Completed searching&quot;);&#xA;        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(40, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;        driver.switchTo().parentFrame();            &#xA;    }&#xA;    wb2.write(fs2);&#xA;    fs2.close();&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;Wrote&quot;);&#xA;    driver.close();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeMethod&#xA;public void beforeMethod() throws BiffException, IOException &#xA;{&#xA;    String filepath1 = &quot;D://Jee/Selenium WorkSpace/Input/Emdeon.xls&quot;;&#xA;    FileInputStream fs1 = new FileInputStream(filepath1);&#xA;    wb1 = Workbook.getWorkbook(fs1);&#xA;    Credentials = wb1.getSheet(&quot;Credentials&quot;);&#xA;    Claims = wb1.getSheet(&quot;ClaimList&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeClass&#xA;public void beforeClass() &#xA;{&#xA;    System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;,&quot;D:/Utilities/Selenium/chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;    driver = new ChromeDriver();        &#xA;    driver.manage().window().maximize();        &#xA;    driver.get(&quot;https://access.emdeon.com/CIHS/&quot;);&#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;URL loaded&quot;);&#xA;       }&#xA;     }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt; while finding &quot;Emdeon_Elements.Time_Period&quot;. While inspecting after getting this exception, &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag is blank.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Someone, please help me to get rid of this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29848" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:39:13.247" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:39:13.247" Title="&quot;NoSuchElementException&quot; while executing Selenium script with TestNG" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31137" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31132" CreationDate="2017-12-19T09:45:21.147" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing mobile devices almost always means testing GUI in a circumstances of lack of hardware resources. This is &lt;strong&gt;the first point&lt;/strong&gt; one should consider when design a test approach to a particular mobile product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The second one&lt;/strong&gt; - platform specific of managing GUI of an application. For example Android destroys all objects on the screen of your app when you change the screen orientation from vertical to horizontal and back. Hence they are to be restored to make the process seamless for the user&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Third one&lt;/strong&gt; - almost all the GUI frameworks dispatch user input in a single thread, so one should make sure all the &quot;heavy&quot; or long-responsive (like fetching data from the network or calling other services of the device) operations are performed in parallel and do not make GUI freeze.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fourth one&lt;/strong&gt; - memory leakage. Since there is not that much memory available for your app, you should make sure your app is memory-effective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fifth one&lt;/strong&gt; - power consumption. You need to make sure your app will not consume all the user's battery earlier than by the end of the day even in the most active mode your app supports.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sixth one&lt;/strong&gt; - security. Do not let the user to occasionally disclose personal data or the attacker to compromise that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what is coming on my mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T09:45:21.147" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31140" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31146" CreationDate="2017-12-19T11:34:46.423" Score="1" ViewCount="1432" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have tests which require user to login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;For such tests I register new user&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Such tests also have user_logout function (right before assert)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem:&lt;br&gt;&#xA;If tests fails somewhere prior to calling &lt;code&gt;user_logout&lt;/code&gt; and assertion, it breaks some of the following tests which require registration - the signup form by design is not available for logged in users, so the user registration flow fails because selenium can not find registration forms (no logout - kept user - session - no registration form).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have two ideas how to prevent tests failing not because of assertion to affect the following tests:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add to the tests with login kind of flag 'requires_logout' and add some handler to the conftest.py with pytest_exception_interact&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pros: solution looks solidly and impressively&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cons: conftest will require import of UI tests handle lib to call user_logout there. Don't know why but I don't like it&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Wrap test itself in try-except until user_logout and assert and do an 'emergency' user_logout on any exception.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pros: seems easy and reliable&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cons: doubts that it is proper usage of exceptions and tests framework; double user_logout call in test file (within try-except and 'regular' prior assert.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Within registration flow check if we're logged in and logout but someday I'll write tests to check that registration is not available for logged users.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to handle this situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29855" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T12:40:21.587" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T13:53:52.633" Title="How should I handle tests failing prior to a logout and causing other tests to fail?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31141" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-19T11:39:52.123" Score="2" ViewCount="488" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am busy writing a server application and a client application.  The server application is multithreaded, meaning that multiple client requests can be handled at the same time.  However, some of the client requests need to be sequenced because they modify the same underlying data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My scrum tester is now asking me what the best way is to test this environment.&#xA;Are there any type of benchmarks (in the literature or from practical experience) that can be used?  For example&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;real time between sending user request and getting the answer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;CPU time spent by the server handling a bunch of client requests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29857" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T13:27:58.293" Title="How to test performance of a multithreaded, client-server environment" Tags="&lt;server&gt;&lt;performance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31145" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31140" CreationDate="2017-12-19T13:03:15.813" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your problem here is that your tests are not independent: the tests for user registration depend on the previous tests succeeding and the user in those tests having logged off.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are different ways you can make your tests independent - the suggestions I'm giving are a few of the simpler ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recreate the webdriver at the start of each test&lt;/strong&gt;. This is the simplest method of making your tests independent. If you use a before-test method to do your instantiation and an after-test method to clean up any leftover activity you won't need to have a lot of copy-paste code.&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Advantages - simple, easy to implement&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Disadvantages - adds a significant cost in time and processing if there are a lot of tests. Recreating the webdriver also forces a new browser instance, which can make test runs unacceptably slow in a rapid development environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kill the browser/session at the end of the test&lt;/strong&gt;. This is a slight variation on the previous suggestion but doesn't require recreating the webdriver instance. Instead, use the before-test method as your starting point, and the after-test to either kill the session or close the browser. That will give you a clean session whether the test succeeded or failed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Add a logged_on check to the after-test method&lt;/strong&gt;. If you're running a lot of tests and need to keep the browser and webdriver in memory for performance reasons, this is your best option. The main disadvantage for you with this option is that you'd need to restructure your assertions since you're logging off prior to asserting. On the plus side, if you've structured your code properly and you're using a Page Object Model or similar, you won't need much more than something like this (pseudo-code):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;[after-test]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;method testCleanup()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;code&gt;if currentPage.isLoggedOn() then currentPage.Logoff()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T13:03:15.813" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31146" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31140" CreationDate="2017-12-19T13:53:52.633" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Each test should be independent from any other test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to use logged-in/logged out states, don't set login/logout from other tests. That is bad, and causes exactly the problem you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use test fixtures if you want to set up some state before tests. So if you have bunch of tests that require you to be logged in, you would have test setup that logs you in, then tests run, then test teardown logs you out(or better - quits driver).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18348" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T13:53:52.633" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31147" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-19T13:59:20.370" Score="6" ViewCount="9211" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Current Behavior:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If any TestCase is Failed, Protractor not continuing with the next Testcase and holding to the same failed Testcase .&#xA;Waits for long time and throws &lt;code&gt;A Jasmine spec timed out. Resetting the WebDriver Control Flow.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EXPECTED BEHAVIOR:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On failure on any Testcase, Protractor should continue with next TestCase.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone help with Sample script for it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CONFIG.js :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; var SpecReporter = require('jasmine-spec-reporter').SpecReporter;&#xA; var Jasmine2HtmlReporter = require('protractor-jasmine2-html-reporter');&#xA; var fs = require('fs');&#xA; require('protractor/built/logger').Logger.logLevel = 1;&#xA; exports.config = {&#xA;&#xA;    //seleniumServerJar: &quot;node_modules/protractor/node_modules/webdriver-manager/selenium/selenium-server-standalone-3.3.1.jar&quot;,&#xA;    framework: 'jasmine2',&#xA;    directConnect: true,&#xA;    capabilities: {&#xA;&#xA;        'browserName': 'chrome',&#xA;        'chromeOptions': {&#xA;            'args': ['incognito', '--start-maximized'],  // this line is for maximize the window and incognito view&#xA;&#xA;            prefs: {&#xA;                'profile:managed_default_content_settings.notifications': 1,&#xA;                args: ['--no-sandbox', '--test-type=browser'],&#xA;                'download': {&#xA;                    'prompt_for_download': false,&#xA;                    'default_directory': 'C:/Users/AAA/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/protractor/Workspace/Reports/Download/'&#xA;                },&#xA;            },&#xA;&#xA;        },&#xA;    },&#xA;    allScriptsTimeout: 500000,&#xA;    ignoreUncaughtExceptions: true,&#xA;    jasmineNodeOpts: {&#xA;        isVerbose: true,&#xA;        showColors: true,&#xA;        includeStackTrace: true,&#xA;        displaySpecDuration: true,&#xA;        defaultTimeoutInterval: 360000,&#xA;        print: function () {&#xA;        }&#xA;    },&#xA;&#xA;    onPrepare: function(){&#xA;        browser.manage().window().maximize();          // set browser size...&#xA;        rmDir('C:/Users/AAA/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/protractor/Workspace/Reports/Download');&#xA;        require('./Data/waitReady.js');&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;        // better jasmine 2 reports...&#xA;        global.isAngularSite = function(flag){&#xA;            browser.driver.ignoreSynchronization = !flag;&#xA;        };&#xA;       // Remove files in Specified Directory&#xA;&#xA;        jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new SpecReporter({&#xA;            spec: {&#xA;                displayStacktrace: true,&#xA;                displayFailuresSummary: true&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;        }));&#xA;        var jasmineReporters = require('jasmine-reporters');&#xA;        jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new jasmineReporters.JUnitXmlReporter({&#xA;            consolidateAll: true,&#xA;            savePath: './Reports/JunitXMLprotractor-result/',&#xA;            filePrefix: 'xmloutput'&#xA;        }));&#xA;&#xA;        jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(&#xA;            new Jasmine2HtmlReporter({&#xA;                savePath: './Reports/Screenshots/',&#xA;                takeScreenshots: true,&#xA;                takeScreenshotsOnlyOnFailures: true,&#xA;                consolidateAll: true,&#xA;                showPassed: true,&#xA;                // filePrefix: sessionId + 'AutomationReport',&#xA;                filePrefix: 'AutomationReport',&#xA;                cleanDestination: true,&#xA;            })&#xA;        );&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;    },&#xA;&#xA;       //  specs : './AAA/ListPage_EM_Acc_Spec.js',&#xA;&#xA;       };&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="18218" LastEditDate="2018-08-31T06:21:32.940" LastActivityDate="2021-04-22T05:38:08.240" Title="PROTRACTOR:How to tell protractor to stop or skip the TEST if any Test case is failed" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31148" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31151" CreationDate="2017-12-19T14:54:22.257" Score="3" ViewCount="3524" Body="&lt;p&gt;The question seems to be asked in some other Postings here, but I'am relative new to testing with selenium. I would like to use it for testing an angular app - E2E. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been reading few postings here and found some interesting ideas and hints... also regarding Protractor etc. but I'am somehow confused. &#xA;Does it mean that we should either use selenium or Protractor and can't use them both where Protractor wraps WebDriverJS &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would like first start with installing, using selenium and might then use Protractor. What I need is what would be the steps I should go for?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, I'am thinking about following steps: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Install Selenium&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make it running&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Protractor which wraps WebDriverJS etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any hint and/or approach to reach my target? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27486" LastEditorUserId="27486" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T07:47:46.303" LastActivityDate="2018-11-20T03:25:08.863" Title="Selenium for angular - How to install and run Selenium for Angular E2E testing?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;uiautomation&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31149" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-19T15:05:16.757" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My ready to go answer for something like this isinteresting, in that, from a support/faultfinding perspective, it's an interplay between software and user experience, and thinking about how users actually do things, rather than the &quot;this is how it should work&quot; perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to replicate an observed user fault in one screen of the software at issue, we just couldn't get the error to happen. We remoted in, went through their replication steps and it worked fine every time. We watched them  do the process, and it also worked every time. Yet every time they were left to their own devices, it would eventually throw the intermittent error. Finally, thanks to someone actually being on site and observing without the user being directly told we were watching, we caught what was happening. It turns out the end user, being so completely au fait with the software, was typing, flipping through screens, options and keyboard shortcuts significantly faster than almost anyone else  could manage. The program in place wasn't quite able to keep up with the user input, and this exposed a couple of bugs in input handling. The kicker was that every time we watched them, the user would slow down some, both consciously to make sure we could see what they were doing, and unconciously taking more time and care, to avoid the insinuation they were doing something wrong. So of course it never did it when they knew we were watching.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29868" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T15:05:16.757" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31150" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-19T15:38:40.023" Score="1" ViewCount="495" Body="&lt;p&gt;Cobertura is reporting that there are multiple SLF4J bindings in the classpath, actually both related to different versions of the logback-classic artifact:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[ERROR] SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.&#xA;SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/var/lib/jenkins/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.0.13/logback-classic-1.0.13.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]&#xA;SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/var/lib/jenkins/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.1.11/logback-classic-1.1.11.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]&#xA;SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.&#xA;SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [ch.qos.logback.classic.util.ContextSelectorStaticBinder]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But I have been able to find the origin of the older version (1.0.13), as it doesn't appear in the dependency tree from the corresponding maven goal:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[INFO] Scanning for projects...&#xA;[INFO]                                                                         &#xA;[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;[INFO] Building inbound 0.0.1&#xA;[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;[INFO] &#xA;[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.10:tree (default-cli) @ inbound ---&#xA;[INFO] cl.waypoint:inbound:jar:0.0.1&#xA;[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.1.11:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |  |  \- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.1.11:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.25:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.25:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.25:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.17:runtime&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.5.23:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-annotations-api:jar:8.5.23:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.5.23:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.5.23:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.3.6.Final:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.1.Final:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.3.4:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.8.10:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.8.0:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.8.10:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.3.13.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.3.13.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.3.13.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.3.13.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.3.13.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] |     \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.3.13.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO] +- junit:junit:jar:4.12:test&#xA;[INFO] |  \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test&#xA;[INFO] +- uk.co.jemos.podam:podam:jar:7.1.0.RELEASE:test&#xA;[INFO] |  +- net.jcip:jcip-annotations:jar:1.0:test&#xA;[INFO] |  +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.25:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  +- javax.annotation:jsr250-api:jar:1.0:test&#xA;[INFO] |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile&#xA;[INFO] |  \- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:jar:3.5:test&#xA;[INFO] \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:test&#xA;[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:test&#xA;[INFO]    +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test-autoconfigure:jar:1.5.9.RELEASE:test&#xA;[INFO]    +- com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:jar:2.2.0:test&#xA;[INFO]    |  \- net.minidev:json-smart:jar:2.2.1:test&#xA;[INFO]    |     \- net.minidev:accessors-smart:jar:1.1:test&#xA;[INFO]    |        \- org.ow2.asm:asm:jar:5.0.3:test&#xA;[INFO]    +- org.assertj:assertj-core:jar:2.6.0:test&#xA;[INFO]    +- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:1.10.19:test&#xA;[INFO]    |  \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:2.1:test&#xA;[INFO]    +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:jar:1.3:test&#xA;[INFO]    +- org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:jar:1.4.0:test&#xA;[INFO]    |  \- com.vaadin.external.google:android-json:jar:0.0.20131108.vaadin1:test&#xA;[INFO]    +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.3.13.RELEASE:compile&#xA;[INFO]    \- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:4.3.13.RELEASE:test&#xA;[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS&#xA;[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;[INFO] Total time: 2.788 s&#xA;[INFO] Finished at: 2017-12-19T12:25:47-03:00&#xA;[INFO] Final Memory: 21M/227M&#xA;[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could this logback come from the Cobertura plugin itself and, then it's a plugin bug? What additional info should I provide? What could wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Jenkins: ver 2.96&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;SonarQube: Version 6.7 (build 33306)  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cobertura Plugin in Jenkins: 2.1.1&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Cobertura Plugin in SonarQube: 1.9.1    &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;cobertura-maven-plugin: 2.7&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24597" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T15:38:40.023" Title="Cobertura analysis reporting &quot;[ERROR] SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.&quot;" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;coverage&gt;&lt;maven&gt;&lt;sonarqube&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31151" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31148" CreationDate="2017-12-19T17:13:03.727" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Let's first wrap our heads around the definitions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;a lot of different languages have selenium bindings. And JavaScript is no exception - &lt;code&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/code&gt; are javascript selenium bindings - a selenium client written in JavaScript &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Protractor&lt;/code&gt; is a library that is built on top of &lt;code&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/code&gt; adding a lot of convenient and handy functionality on top. And, at the same time, you can still use everything available in &lt;code&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/code&gt; - e.g. &lt;code&gt;browser&lt;/code&gt; is Protractor's wrapper around a driver object, but you can get the underlying driver from &lt;code&gt;WebDriverJS&lt;/code&gt; by accessing &lt;code&gt;browser.driver&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you install Protractor (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/protractor-setup&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor Setup&lt;/a&gt;), it comes with the Protractor library itself, &lt;code&gt;protractor&lt;/code&gt; command line tool (which you'll use to execute the tests) and &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager&lt;/code&gt; tool - which you'll use to manage selenium webdrivers or start a selenium server if needed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After you install Protractor, you need to run &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager update&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, you can either start a local selenium server with &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager start&lt;/code&gt; or work in a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/server-setup#connecting-directly-to-browser-drivers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;direct connect&quot; mode with your driver&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please follow this &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;step-by-step tutorial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T17:13:03.727" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31152" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2017-12-19T17:41:34.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For team of N people, to communicate between each member you need N*(N-1)/2 links. It is a quadratic function, O(N**2), so obviously does not scale well. To avoid low &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Bus factor&lt;/a&gt;, which tries to skew the number in opposite direction, best size is 2.5: one subject matter expert, one pairing/learning to become one, and one having overall idea and being able to step in if necessary. And have multiple teams, one for each specialized competency area.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course this requires specialization, some people think that &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?SpecializationIsForInsects&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Specialization Is For Insects&lt;/a&gt; and you need &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competent_man&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;competent generalist QA&lt;/a&gt; - but can you afford them, and pay for the time required for the cross-training?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-12-19T17:47:11.973" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T17:47:11.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31153" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-19T20:58:33.913" Score="1" ViewCount="325" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've got an object within my application that TestComplete Object Spy/Object Browser is unable to map to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's a standard WPF SurfaceButton (I have several other Surface Buttons that all work just fine)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've attached an image of the parent object. The slider bar is mapped and usable, and the dropdown box is also mapped and usable. But the &quot;Default&quot; button is not mapped at all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there a way to &quot;retry&quot; object browsing/mapping to capture this button?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29875" LastActivityDate="2019-06-13T00:02:00.163" Title="TestComplete Object Browser/Spy not identifying an object" Tags="&lt;testcomplete&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31154" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31190" CreationDate="2017-12-19T22:31:35.860" Score="5" ViewCount="202" Body="&lt;p&gt;For us, QA generalists are roughly professionals who can work in the variety of quality assurance disciplines, have experience in a broad range of products, industries, and tools, have an understanding of the product development cycle (including DevOps), and generally, have more breadth than depth. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are some of the things we can do to help our existing QA specialists become QA generalists? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T20:04:09.407" Title="Training QA generalists" Tags="&lt;team-management&gt;&lt;team&gt;&lt;training&gt;&lt;management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="11" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31155" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31148" CreationDate="2017-12-19T23:52:45.580" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/tutorial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;tutorials&lt;/a&gt; on Protractor's site is pretty self-explanatory and assumes no webdriver experience. So there's no need to try to start with Selenium/WebdriverJs first. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another great thing with Protractor is the ability to co-locate your test code along with the app's development code and have them run at build time. If the app was built with &lt;a href=&quot;https://cli.angular.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;angular cli&lt;/a&gt;, it would have already built a skeleton Protractor test for you. That's a start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also take a look at some suggested style guides (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/CarmenPopoviciu/protractor-styleguide&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;protractor-styleguide&lt;/a&gt;) to design your test structure etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27439" LastActivityDate="2017-12-19T23:52:45.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31156" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31157" CreationDate="2017-12-20T01:32:12.120" Score="3" ViewCount="880" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been working a test automation project using Ranorex; an element was automatically identified with one of its attribute but it does not work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From its HTML code, this element can be uniquely identified by using its &lt;code&gt;aria-label&lt;/code&gt; attribute, but &lt;code&gt;aria-label&lt;/code&gt; attribute is not listed in Ranorex spy, can I please ask how I can solve this problem?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T01:47:09.360" Title="How to locate an element in Ranorex when its attribute is not recognised?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31157" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31156" CreationDate="2017-12-20T01:47:09.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Even when Ranorex does not recognise an attribute or list it in Ranorex spy, you can still use this attribute to identify your element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As shown below, say, the element you want to identify is high lighted in blue, click on &lt;strong&gt;Edit in Spy&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SqJxI.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/SqJxI.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should get a Element Browser window pops out, edit this element's expression to look for your &lt;code&gt;aria-label&lt;/code&gt; attribute.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//element_tag[@aria-label = 'a_value']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T01:47:09.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31158" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15486" CreationDate="2017-12-20T03:40:01.767" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test Scenario - &#xA;A description of a situation to be tested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Case - &#xA;Contains specific data values for a scenario to be executed under specific conditions to produce a predicted result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test Script - &#xA;A set of instructions that define each step to be taken and the expected results of each step. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29885" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T03:40:01.767" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31161" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-20T05:29:51.517" Score="4" ViewCount="2333" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please let me know how the data-driven testing is done using the Postman?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I read some post in the online, it seems to be by using collection we need to run the collections at the time we can able to upload the CSV file and JSON for Data driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I tried to upload the CSV the iteration count is not showing automatically&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone show some simple example to perform this task? It will be helpful for automation testing for web services&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2018-11-16T18:08:30.917" Title="Data Driven testing in Postman Tool" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;web-service&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31163" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31141" CreationDate="2017-12-20T07:21:14.310" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Some of Performance metrics to be monitored.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;How many users can your website handle concurrently?&#xA;How fast will your application respond to the user actions?&#xA;How often will users get errors and need to reconnect?&#xA;Will your website respond correctly to a stress load?&#xA;Will it return to normal operation after peak load times?&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What i would suggest is to go through reporting option of any performance tools. It would fairly give lot many performance metrics.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Example : &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.loadtestingtool.com/help/html-report.shtml&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;loadtestingtool&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;If you are looking for any tools for this :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For multi-threaded performance testing use &lt;strong&gt;Apache Jmeter&lt;/strong&gt; tool.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For more details use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this URL.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You need to use http rest APIs and created equivalent jmeter request and anlayse the server performance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest go for tools WAPT, it provides record and play with sophisticated reporting.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Suggestion would be go &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29888" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T13:27:58.293" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T13:27:58.293" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31164" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31161" CreationDate="2017-12-20T07:51:14.747" Score="5" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Update&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tested with a simple CSV file and it indeed alters the iteration count automatically. So my suggestions for you are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;update Postman to latest version if not yet done so&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;double-check your CSV&lt;/strong&gt;, is the data in a correct format? I think this is a probable cause. Can you share it?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;Original answer&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In Postman, go to the menu &lt;code&gt;Collection&lt;/code&gt; and select &lt;code&gt;Runner&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There you'll see the following screen where you can both select a data file and the iteration count.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LIOM7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/LIOM7.png&quot; alt=&quot;Postman Collection runner&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8869" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-12-20T12:36:29.247" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T12:36:29.247" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31165" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27379" CreationDate="2017-12-20T08:31:29.717" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't recommend Zephyr, especially if you use Jira Cloude, not Jira standalone server. It's slow, with many limitation and it does not have so many usefully features as new products/plugins have. Zephyr for Jira Cloude has even more limitations. Furthermore, it's perhaps most expensive test management plugin for Jira. Take a look at &lt;a href=&quot;https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/com.xpandit.plugins.xray/server/overview&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Xray&lt;/a&gt;, it looks very nice. I haven't use it in practice, but there is a public demo and you can try it yourself for free. Xray has  many good features and in my opinion it can be a very nice tool. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've forgotten to mention: it's cheaper than Zephyr&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22433" LastActivityDate="2017-12-20T08:31:29.717" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31166" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15880" CreationDate="2017-12-20T11:02:23.710" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is not a simple and &quot;clear&quot; solution, because it's not a simple case, I guess. I see two ways how to manage it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Connect Android device to PC and by using ADB gets OTP from SMS (on StackOverflow you can find a ready solution)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Download an application which forwarders SMS automatically on the particular email address&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second solution seems easier to implement but it's already your decision. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22433" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T06:21:58.750" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T06:21:58.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31167" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2017-12-20T12:19:18.973" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, this is a good question to ask.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If the person you are asking is really &lt;em&gt;fond of testing&lt;/em&gt; he would be very excited to tell you the story. It does not matter whether he is a Manual Tester or an Automation Engineer, &lt;strong&gt;both should have something to be proud of&lt;/strong&gt; (but we should consider that he is telling the story from his point of view, I mean this bug could be not that impressive for a Automation Engineer but a kind of great bug among Manual Testers team)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here is my example: &lt;strong&gt;memory leak defect&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I had just been employed there was a problem in software: sometimes it crashed in an unpredictable manner (sometimes during one action, sometimes during another action). At that moment I was testing mainly with QTP (now UFT) and started to try Java-tests. The advantage was great: I could check JVM-memory during execution and dump memory usage right at the crash time (with MemoryAnalyzer-1.6.0). After analyzing memory it was clear that there were 8 objects that were duplicated many times during program execution. So I reported defect with certain object names. Devs liked that because it was supposed that there is nothing to do with this unpredictable crashes and localization of the bug was of a top level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12911" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T17:47:22.783" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T17:47:22.783" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31168" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-20T15:06:40.727" Score="2" ViewCount="111" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I am running maven goal in Jenkins which runs soap tests which are developed using groovy, whenever there is a test failure then all the other tests are failed without any test execution from job...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same suite when I run from SOAPUI tests is getting executed irrespective of the status of test either PASS or FAIL.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In short, I can say tests are running absolutely fine as per the expectations but when I run using soap dependency and run from Jenkins tests are not getting executed as per the expectation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Let me suppose there are 4 tests A, B, C and D&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run from SOAPUI below is the result :   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A-PASSED&#xA;B-FAILED&#xA;C-PASSED &#xA;D-PASSED&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Run from Jenkins job :   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;A-PASSED&#xA;B-FAILED&#xA;C-FAILED&#xA;D-FAILED&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried maven fail safe plugin and surefire plugin and run the below command from Jenkins job but not lucky enough :   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;mvn test -Dmaven.test.failure.ignore=true&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please suggest to me what is going wrong?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29900" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:36:20.247" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:14:27.140" Title="Regarding the Build job in jenkins" Tags="&lt;jenkins&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;soapui&gt;&lt;build-verification-test&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31169" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31102" CreationDate="2017-12-20T21:14:03.927" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've run my quality engineering on-boarding for a few months and find going through the Agile Testing book by Janet Gregory and Lisa Crispin a great approach.  It can act as a great guide to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The agile testing quadrants&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Good approaches to Unit testing such as mocking and stubbing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Embedding quality engineers within development teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Adopting a quality mindset and much more&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn from this &lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/Agile_Testing.html?id=3UdsAQAAQBAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Agile Testing Book.&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dg2aM.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Dg2aM.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T15:11:46.870" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T15:11:46.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31170" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-21T06:56:53.950" Score="1" ViewCount="153" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem when trying to find an element with the different attribute as sample bellow&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;bold&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;Sometime&#xA;&amp;lt;i class='icon'/i&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to try inspecting this element with OR operator in PageObject&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example: &lt;code&gt;i(:icon_bold, text: 'bold' OR class: 'icon')&lt;/code&gt; (just example, this is not correct)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So please help me to give the correct syntax to locator.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29911" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:35:33.857" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:35:33.857" Title="How to inspect an element with multi attributes by OR operator in Page Objects model in watir?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;watir-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31172" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31102" CreationDate="2017-12-21T11:41:19.447" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are my experiences when you're working with Scrum process:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reading, study Business requirement and give your feedback or some&#xA;ambiguous things you don't understand. (This step is really&#xA;important). Clarify Business requirement as much as you can.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do the estimation based on Business requirement.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Analyze and give your feedback on the build plan provided from dev team if the build plan is so tight to test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Use Positive, Negative and Destructive (if needed) to design TCs.   Do the pair review TCs with your teammate.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform test, keep track on issues and go along with dev team when you  faced with critical or blocker bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify bugs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Retest some special cases if you have spare times.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Lesson learned. (What you did good keep the momentum and if not learn from your mistakes).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Learn from your mistakes then take note. Hope you have a good career in the near future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29690" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T14:27:25.927" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T14:27:25.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31173" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31180" CreationDate="2017-12-21T13:34:05.697" Score="3" ViewCount="53" Body="&lt;p&gt;We develop 3 apps in total, all on iOS and I'm running into serious time issues regarding the iOS Beta Releases (current release is iOS 11.2.5 Beta 2). We want to perform a full regression on all our apps whenever an iOS Beta release comes out. This takes the best part of a day. Can't automate as it's to be performed on the version from the App Store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The issue is that the Beta releases can come at any time, sometimes once every few weeks or sometimes twice in a week (like the one just gone). Does anyone else have issues with this? Is there merit in performing full regressions for each iOS Beta Release considering how much time it eats into our testing? Is there anything I can do to speed things up or any advice on what to check in iOS Beta Releases (it's generally just bug fixes although Apple don't seem to give a list)?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks for reading, I'd appreciate any advice you have.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29912" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T19:41:27.947" Title="Testing our native app on iOS Beta releases" Tags="&lt;regression-testing&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31174" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13132" CreationDate="2017-12-21T14:43:33.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Follow the below steps to disable popup and error reporting. This will help the selenium tests to proceed further.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Steps to disable Mozilla crash popup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.1   Turn Off Error Dialog through Group Policy Editor&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the Group Policy Editor by typing gpedit.msc into the Start search box or the Run dialog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to Computer Configuration &gt; Administrative Templates &gt; Windows Components &gt; Windows Error Reporting. Double click on “Prevent display of the user interface for critical errors” in the pane on the right.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sUPNf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/sUPNf.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Click on the radio button Enabled and then press OK. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MXzNb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/MXzNb.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.2   Turn Off Error Dialog via Registry&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Open the Registry Editor by typing regedit into the Start search box or the Win+R Run dialog.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Navigate to the following registry key:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Double click the DontShowUI entry on the right and change its value to 1, then close the registry editor.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7xTcp.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/7xTcp.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1.3   Disabling Windows Error Reporting&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Go to Control Panel &gt; Action Center &gt; Change Action Center settings (top left) &gt; Problem reporting settings.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5yFcb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/5yFcb.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select “Never check for solutions” and click OK. Ask before checking also works because the dialog won’t appear to ask you.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9161" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T14:43:33.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31175" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31102" CreationDate="2017-12-21T14:44:02.790" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have some sort of description of your SDLC representing your project development (development in its broad meaning including testing, analysis, deployment, etc) practices and tools, you may ask a newcomer to make a short presentation for teamleads where they (newcomers) would analyse drawbacks of the process and suggest what could be improved.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have no such the description you may ask newcomer to do all the same but starting with interviewing key persons of a project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will make them aware of how the things are done in the project, introduce them to the team and the team to them and make them think productive from the very start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T14:44:02.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31176" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31177" CreationDate="2017-12-21T15:26:19.873" Score="3" ViewCount="3377" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'am running an E2E test for an angular app. I did edit the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;protractor.conf.js&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in order to use SeleniumStandalone. It looks good, and I can run the test using: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;ng e2e&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;protractor.conf.js&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;const { SpecReporter } = require('jasmine-spec-reporter');&#xA;&#xA;exports.config = {&#xA;    // location of the Selenium JAR file and chromedriver, use these if you installed protractor locally&#xA;    seleniumServerJar: './node_modules/protractor/node_modules/webdriver-manager/selenium/selenium-server-standalone-3.8.1.jar',&#xA;    chromeDriver: './node_modules/protractor/node_modules/webdriver-manager/selenium/chromedriver_2.34',&#xA;    seleniumPort: '4444',&#xA;    allScriptsTimeout: 11000,&#xA;&#xA;    capabilities: {&#xA;        browserName: 'chrome',&#xA;        name: 'Unnamed Job',&#xA;        specs: ['./e2e/**/*.e2e-spec.ts']&#xA;    },&#xA;    baseUrl: 'http://localhost:4200/',&#xA;    framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;    jasmineNodeOpts: {&#xA;        showColors: true,&#xA;        defaultTimeoutInterval: 30000,&#xA;        print: function() {}&#xA;    },&#xA;    onPrepare() {&#xA;        require('ts-node').register({&#xA;            project: 'e2e/tsconfig.e2e.json'&#xA;        });&#xA;        jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new SpecReporter({ spec: { displayStacktrace: true } }));&#xA;    }&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issue is that selenium server get shut down automatically and immediately after the test is done. How to prevent this behavior? Is there an option to add in &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;protractor.conf.js&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; to fix this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the output in terminal after I run: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;ng e2e&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;webpack: Compiled successfully.&#xA;[16:10:36] I/update - chromedriver: file exists /Users/kvincent/PROJECT - DECEMBER/UserApp/19_12-t-04_16/consumer-app/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/webdriver-manager/selenium/chromedriver_2.34.zip&#xA;[16:10:36] I/update - chromedriver: unzipping chromedriver_2.34.zip&#xA;[16:10:36] I/update - chromedriver: setting permissions to 0755 for /Users/kvincent/PROJECT - DECEMBER/UserApp/19_12-t-04_16/consumer-app/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/webdriver-manager/selenium/chromedriver_2.34&#xA;[16:10:36] I/update - chromedriver: chromedriver_2.34 up to date&#xA;[16:10:36] I/launcher - Running 1 instances of WebDriver&#xA;[16:10:36] I/local - Starting selenium standalone server...&#xA;[16:10:37] I/local - Selenium standalone server started at http://192.168.0.4:4444/wd/hub&#xA;Jasmine started&#xA;&#xA;Executed 0 of 0 specs SUCCESS in 0.003 sec.&#xA;[16:10:38] I/local - Shutting down selenium standalone server.&#xA;[16:10:38] I/launcher - 0 instance(s) of WebDriver still running&#xA;[16:10:38] I/launcher - chrome #01 passed&#xA;aminkasbi@Amins-MacBook-Pro.local:~/PROJECT - DECEMBER/UserApp/19_12-t-04_16/consumer-app$&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you can see in the following line: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;[16:10:38] I/local - Shutting down selenium standalone server.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; the selenium-standalone is being shut down and it looks like it's a normal behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27486" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T18:27:07.580" Title="E2E test - Why does selenium shut down automatically after running the test?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31177" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31176" CreationDate="2017-12-21T15:43:25.937" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Shutting Selenium is useful default for headless testing. I am not familiar with Protractor, but there should be a configuration parameter to keep browser open after run. And why you want browser to hang around after test, especially successful test?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T15:43:25.937" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31178" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30830" CreationDate="2017-12-21T17:22:00.437" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;After additional time and working with yet another Windows 10 machine I have successfully gotten this simple test to run.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can only conclude that there was something on that particular machine preventing the proper execution of the test.  I wasn't able to figure out what that was, but, the &quot;does it work?&quot; question is answered.  It does (which is what one would expect).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;conf.js:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// conf.js&#xA;exports.config = {&#xA;  directConnect: false,&#xA;  framework: 'jasmine',&#xA;  specs: ['./spec/spec.js'],&#xA;  seleniumAddress: 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',&#xA;&#xA;  multiCapabilities: [&#xA;    { 'browserName': 'chrome' },&#xA;    { 'browserName': 'firefox', 'marionette': true },&#xA;    { 'browserName': 'MicrosoftEdge' }&#xA;  ]&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;spec.js:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// spec.js&#xA;describe('Protractor Demo App', function() {&#xA;  it('should have a title', function() {&#xA;    browser.get('http://juliemr.github.io/protractor-demo/');&#xA;&#xA;    expect(browser.getTitle()).toEqual('Super Calculator');&#xA;  });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;[10:07:15] I/launcher - 0 instance(s) of WebDriver still running&#xA;[10:07:15] I/launcher - chrome #01 passed&#xA;[10:07:15] I/launcher - MicrosoftEdge #21 passed&#xA;[10:07:15] I/launcher - firefox #11 passed&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29509" LastEditorUserId="28469" LastEditDate="2018-06-20T08:01:05.443" LastActivityDate="2018-06-20T08:01:05.443" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31179" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31176" CreationDate="2017-12-21T18:50:30.993" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;When you are &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/server-setup#standalone-selenium-server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;specifying &lt;code&gt;seleniumServerJar&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;seleniumPort&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt; you are instructing &lt;code&gt;protractor&lt;/code&gt; to take care of controlling a selenium server. Protractor would then start it as a child process before executing your tests and then shut it down after.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want it to connect to running Selenium server, use &lt;code&gt;seleniumAddress&lt;/code&gt; configuration option instead - Protractor would then try to connect to this running selenium server instead.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T18:50:30.993" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31180" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31173" CreationDate="2017-12-21T19:41:27.947" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you have here is a classic case of whether the ROI makes the effort worthwhile. You can find recent release notes on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_version_history&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;, as well as the Apple developer library.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Considering how many releases of iOS there have been since iOS 8 first appeared, one critical issue is not a bad track record. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unless your apps deal with financial or other critical, time-sensitive data, I would suggest that your goal be to start by reviewing release notes as soon as they become available, looking for anything that seems likely to impact one of your apps. I'd be particularly concerned with bug fixes and known issues, since they're the most likely places to interact poorly with other software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regression against the operating system shouldn't need to happen unless you find something that could potentially interact.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then, if a problem does happen, you put a big flashy notice on your website that there is a problem and you're working to fix it; and you flag your app(s) in the app store to be incompatible with that version until you've fixed the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your apps are mission-critical enough that you can't afford any downtime, then your organization is going to have to afford the time cost of regression against each new iOS version. If it isn't, you don't need to do the regression as long as you sanity-check the release notes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-21T19:41:27.947" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31181" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31154" CreationDate="2017-12-22T00:08:59.550" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want people that have worked on a variety of different projects, then you need to rotate people to work on different projects. This can be painful in the short term as you are assigning people to the type of projects where they do not have experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It would be helpful to have good documentation on test cases, test strategies and tools so that people can ramp up quickly and not have to rely on trial and error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T00:08:59.550" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31182" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31102" CreationDate="2017-12-22T04:38:22.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our team we are following below steps to on board new joiners:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Will give an introduction to the team and feel them comfortable with&#xA;the team. We are having an induction presentation specific to our&#xA;team. It explains about the introduction to the processes followed&#xA;for testing/collaboration with other teams, tools used etc. One of&#xA;senior team member will present that to the new member.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then walk through of the project which he/she is going to work on and give &#xA;the related project documentation test cases, test automation scripts.&#xA;Tell him/her to review it and give their suggestions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T04:38:22.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31184" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31186" CreationDate="2017-12-22T09:26:42.643" Score="6" ViewCount="162" Body="&lt;p&gt;A lot of experience people says that testing in production is the worst but I observe in testing that a lot of time a few bugs a reproducible only on any one specific environment(like dev, QA, staging, prod...etc) but not in other so what are the tips to test product in production?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T11:54:51.097" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T20:08:06.980" Title="Tips to test product in the production environment?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-execuation&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31185" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8908" CreationDate="2017-12-22T09:36:44.643" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1.Notification received - when the app is running in foreground.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.Notification received -  when the app is running in background.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3.Notification received -  when you are in some other screen.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4.Notification received - when app is killed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5.Notification received -  when app is launched.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6.Check the notification received time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;7.Check the notification received in different time zones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;8.Check when notification received then sound,vibration,Blink.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;9.Title of the notification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;10.Check the notification count increase whenever the new notification is received.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;11.Check the redirection of the notification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;12.Check the notification status is updated time to time (i.e for eg:- consider the example of taxi booking when driving reaching then update of ETA and arriving status, start and end ride status).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;13.Language of notification.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;14.When notification received and user didn’t click on bell icon of notification than the count should get updated on the notification icon of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;15.When the user read the notification then count should get updated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;16.If the app contain the feature of in-app chat then check the notification is received when the user is receiving any message.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note :- There can be more than these depends on the conditions and requirement from clients.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29928" LastEditorUserId="27047" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T17:22:09.877" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T17:22:09.877" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31186" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31184" CreationDate="2017-12-22T09:47:58.143" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;That answer is too big to be covered here, and it is highly dependent on the product itself. For an &quot;average&quot; consumer grade, network connected, software upgradable product some keywords you should probably investigate are-&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing in production doesn't mean throwing stuff at your users with zero testing, you will need a decent level of tests before you release something.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In order to test in production, you need a feedback channel, user reviews are the worst kind of such a channel since it comes too late. Telemetry is probably what you are looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Telemetry raises legal and privacy concerns, but those can be solved&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;A/B testing is a way to gradually introducing changes, and be able to revert them if your telemetry indicates there is a problem. You will need feature flags in the code, a framework to remotely manage the experiments (that's a common term used in A/B testing), a way to monitor the results and a little bit of statistical analysis knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It might be a good idea to move to a CI/CD model (continuous integration, continuous delivery) model since it will allow you a faster release pace.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Consider your deployment process and a way to quickly revert changes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I must stress again- the same way Agile is not &quot;no planning&quot; testing in production doesn't mean &quot;no testing or testers&quot;, it just allows you to test in a real environment, and possibly react faster&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastEditorUserId="7091" LastEditDate="2017-12-22T14:30:25.710" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T14:30:25.710" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31187" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-22T11:13:39.070" Score="5" ViewCount="639" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating some tests a real device (iOS) using Appium and Cucumber.&#xA;My idea is to do the following steps:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Open the app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do some tasks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Launch Safari&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to a website, lets say google.com for example&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My approach is the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I create the Driver with my app capabilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do what I need&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Clear the Driver&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create a new driver with Safari capabilities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Navigate to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;www.google.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The code looks something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Appium::Driver.new(app_capabilities, true)&#xA;# do what I need on the app&#xA;driver.driver_quit&#xA;&#xA;Appium::Driver.new(browser_capabilities, true)&#xA;# do what I need on the browser&#xA;driver.driver_quit&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem I am having is that Safari doesn't launch. Although if I use only one Driver with the browser capabilities it does launch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyone has any idea this is happening? Or maybe a better strategy?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm writing ruby but I don't mind code in other languages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29922" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T06:04:31.650" LastActivityDate="2020-12-07T17:01:55.207" Title="Unable to launch Safari on iOS using Appium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31188" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8908" CreationDate="2017-12-22T11:22:33.647" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here are some Test cases &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if the app is open.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if the app is closed.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if the device is lock.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if user playing the game.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received even if another app is in use.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification received in multiple time zones.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification is clickable &amp;amp; it's open up the notification.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the sound, vibration &amp;amp; blinking.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification when the user is not SignIn.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify the notification should get removed from notification bar once the notification is opened.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify when the notification comes &amp;amp; device is locked, if the user opens the device with sliding the notification then the application should get launched &amp;amp; navigate to that specific notification (App in the background).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify when the notification comes in the foreground, then the notification will display directly on the app (App in foreground).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify repeated notification multiple times and check notification is in the order.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify recent notification message always should be on the top in a stack.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify when the user didn't click on a banner then the notification count should get updated on the icon of the application.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Verify prevent repeating the same notification over and over again by the possible triggers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T11:22:33.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31189" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-22T13:30:23.150" Score="2" ViewCount="168" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have request something similar to the below each using first 3 characters of a name, Ex: &lt;code&gt;WAL&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It results in 3 responses:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Name&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;firstname&amp;gt;WALLER&amp;lt;/firstname&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;firstname&amp;gt;WALTER&amp;lt;/firstname&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;firstname&amp;gt;WALMER&amp;lt;/firstname&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have to include response assertion to validate the above 3 names:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: this is dynamic. For the above results, it is 3&#xA;For some it might fetch 1, 2, 4 etc. Could anyone please tell me how to validate this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29929" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T07:41:49.687" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T08:47:38.197" Title="JMeter response assertion validation" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31190" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31154" CreationDate="2017-12-22T15:06:28.720" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want people to be able to handle a wide variety of situations, and tools, and so on, you need to give them exposure to a wide variety of situations, and tools, and so on.  And, crucially, you also need to understand that they are not going to be very productive for some period of time after every move.  You also need to understand that not everyone is going to be suited to be a generalist.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You also need to look at the way teams are structured.  Is the plan to have a core group of people (including QA) working on each product, and then move other people around as needed?  Or is the plan to let products lie fallow for a time, and then dump a bunch of people onto a product that hasn’t been maintained in a while?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it’s the former, then you have a better chance of being able to have generalists, because they have an easy way to learn the product.  If it’s the latter, you need to assume there’s going to be a very long period of learning required, and you need to be very, very sure that the product and development process was well documented.  Having corporate guidelines/requirements about such documentation would be a good idea.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I may be in a somewhat unique situation, but I work on a product where components may not have been touched in twenty years.  Having both institutional knowledge and very, very complete development documentation is a necessity in such cases, as otherwise, you have no way of understanding why certain decisions were made, and judging if the decisions are still relevant when the constraints involved have probably changed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T15:06:28.720" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31191" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31184" CreationDate="2017-12-22T20:08:06.980" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing in the production environment isn’t testing.  It’s deploying a product and relying on your end-users to find problems.  Which may be fine, depending on the product, the end-user assumptions, and so on.  But don’t kid yourself that it’s testing.  (This is separate from, say beta testing, where you stage releases to end-users who have agreed to take a incomplete product and use it.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If problems are being found in the production environment, and not in test environments, then the ideal thing to do is analyze the problems that are being found and determine why they weren’t found earlier (escape analysis).  Then you can make an informed decision as to what it would take to find problems in dev/test, and if it’s worth doing so.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2017-12-22T20:08:06.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31192" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-23T06:49:12.497" Score="2" ViewCount="4863" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using Selenium using both Java and Cucumber. And I'm curious when I'm using &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;driver.close()&lt;/code&gt; under &lt;code&gt;@AfterTest&lt;/code&gt; method, browser won't closed and when I'm using it inside my test step i.e &lt;code&gt;@Test&lt;/code&gt; annotated method. It's called perfectly within steps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Refer below code for the same :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Then(&quot;^I see Dashboard$&quot;)&#xA;public void iSeeDashboard() throws Throwable {&#xA;    LoginPage lp = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(lp.TitleId().getText(),&quot;Mengelola User Customer&quot;);&#xA;    log.info(&quot;Successfully Login&quot;);&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And here the whole code and I want to put &lt;code&gt;driver.quit&lt;/code&gt; under &lt;code&gt;@AfterTest&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LoginStep extends steps.BaseStep {&#xA;public static Logger log = &#xA;LogManager.getLogger(steps.BaseStep.class.getName());&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;@BeforeTest&#xA;public void before() throws IOException&#xA;{&#xA;   driver = initializeDriver();&#xA;   log.info(&quot;Driver is Initialized&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Given(&quot;^I navigate to Website$&quot;)&#xA;public void iNavigateToWebsite() throws IOException {&#xA;    driver = initializeDriver();&#xA;    driver.get(prop.getProperty(&quot;URL&quot;));&#xA;    log.info(&quot;Navigate to Website&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Then(&quot;^I enter username and password&quot;)&#xA;public void iEnterUsernameAndPassword() throws IOException {&#xA;    LoginPage lp = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    lp.UsernameId().sendKeys(&quot;xxx&quot;);&#xA;    lp.PasswordId().sendKeys(&quot;xxx&quot;);&#xA;    log.info(&quot;Successfully entered valid credentials&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@When(&quot;^I click Login$&quot;)&#xA;public void iClickLogin() throws Throwable {&#xA;    LoginPage lp = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    lp.LoginId().click();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@Then(&quot;^I see Dashboard$&quot;)&#xA;public void iSeeDashboard() throws Throwable {&#xA;    LoginPage lp = new LoginPage(driver);&#xA;    Assert.assertEquals(lp.TitleId().getText(),&quot;Lorem ipsum&quot;);&#xA;    log.info(&quot;Successfully Login&quot;);&#xA;    //driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;@AfterTest&#xA;public void tearDown()&#xA;{&#xA;    driver.quit();&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any explanation would be helpful. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24317" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T10:45:41.453" LastActivityDate="2019-01-10T13:46:46.567" Title="driver.quit() and driver.close() methods are not working inside @AfterTest method" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31193" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-23T10:02:30.310" Score="1" ViewCount="2517" Body="&lt;p&gt;After clicking on button a list of checkbox appears. I want to select a checkbox with input taken from excel sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.This the button, on click list of checkboxes appears.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/b3lWv.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/b3lWv.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2.The list of checkboxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NeFm4.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NeFm4.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;DOM image:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/d68Us.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/d68Us.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29940" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T10:40:53.520" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T10:40:53.520" Title="How to select a checkbox based on text match?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31194" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31192" CreationDate="2017-12-23T17:52:18.427" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@BeforeTest, @AfterTest&lt;/code&gt; annotations are not supported since Cucumber doesn't has the concept of test. It has features and you are executing the steps in Given, When &amp;amp; And, Then format. So in your case Cucumber only understands your steps not Tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use &lt;code&gt;@BeforeFeature&lt;/code&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;code&gt;@AfterFeature&lt;/code&gt; which was Cucumber understands the hooks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/webdriverio/webdriverio/blob/master/examples/wdio.conf.js#L311-L322&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;list of cucumber supported hook here.&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also not framework related hooks work with Cucumber like-&#xA;onPrepare, beforeSession, afterSession and onComplete.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17411" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T10:44:11.287" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T10:44:11.287" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31195" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-24T01:41:07.337" Score="1" ViewCount="2661" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to get list of similar element into arraylist using javascriptexecutor. However able to store only single element using javascriptexecutor.&#xA;Here is my code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;Objectload=js.executeScript(&quot;document.evaluate(\&quot;//article/footer/div[1]/h3/text()[2]\&quot;,document,null, XPathResult.STRING_TYPE, null ); return stringValue;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;using this i found only single locator however other element in similar kind of xpath &lt;code&gt;&quot;//article/footer/div[1]/h3/text()[2]\&quot;&lt;/code&gt; also exist.&#xA;Can you plz help me to resolve this..  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29752" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T02:44:52.597" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T04:21:31.297" Title="How to get List of similar elements using javascriptexecutor using selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31196" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31193" CreationDate="2017-12-24T04:56:20.893" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would provide the process to solve the problem:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First find the element with the text (to be searched) on the web page. (in your case its an &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My personal suggestion is to use xpath: &lt;code&gt;//a[contains(text(),'&amp;lt;your text from excel&amp;gt;')]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then try to find its sibling &lt;code&gt;input&lt;/code&gt; tag with &lt;code&gt;type='checkbox'&lt;/code&gt; (either by using &lt;code&gt;following-sibling or preceding-sibling&lt;/code&gt; on that &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(text(),'&amp;lt;your text from excel&amp;gt;')]/following-sibling::input[@type='checkbox']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;//a[contains(text(),'&amp;lt;your text from excel&amp;gt;')]/preceding-sibling::input[@type='checkbox']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-12-24T04:56:20.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31197" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31195" CreationDate="2017-12-24T09:54:42.923" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;List of similar elements can be found by &lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor&lt;/code&gt; using selenium webdriver in following way:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;&#xA;&#xA;    List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; eles = (List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt;) js.executeScript(&quot;var results = new Array();&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;var element = document.evaluate(\&quot;//h3[@class='location']\&quot;, document, null, XPathResult.ORDERED_NODE_SNAPSHOT_TYPE, null);&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;for ( var i = 0 ; i &amp;lt; element.snapshotLength ; i++ )&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;{&quot;&#xA;            +    &quot;results.push(element.snapshotItem(i));&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;}&quot;&#xA;            + &quot;return results;&quot;,&quot;&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the above code it is necessary that &lt;code&gt;XpathResult&lt;/code&gt; is of &lt;code&gt;SNAPSHOT&lt;/code&gt; type. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Through the above list we would get all the elements with &lt;code&gt;h3&lt;/code&gt; tag having &lt;code&gt;class='location'&lt;/code&gt;. From then on we can convert those elements into Strings.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; strings = new ArrayList&amp;lt;&amp;gt;();&#xA;for(WebElement e : eles)&#xA;{&#xA;  strings.add(e.getText());&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following links have been helpful:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;findElementsByXpath in Javascript: &lt;a href=&quot;https://gist.github.com/tit/4695818&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://gist.github.com/tit/4695818&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36303869/how-to-use-document-evaluate-to-get-the-list-of-elements-pointed-by-xpath&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36303869/how-to-use-document-evaluate-to-get-the-list-of-elements-pointed-by-xpath&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastEditorUserId="19538" LastEditDate="2017-12-25T04:21:31.297" LastActivityDate="2017-12-25T04:21:31.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31198" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31107" CreationDate="2017-12-24T21:19:13.703" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure the requirements address the objective or its purpose.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ensure negative scenarios or conflicting workflows of the requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define scope of the requirements. What is covered and what is out of reach and why.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define performance parameters, unit test requirements, pre and post conditions of the environment.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Define additional or supported libraries required. Identify their advantages, risks/dependencies and alternatives.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6897" LastActivityDate="2017-12-24T21:19:13.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31199" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-25T15:26:11.300" Score="2" ViewCount="63" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have an Android app that also has an online portal.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Currently, two teams of developers are working on the Android and the web part separately.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;the process is being tracked using two separate Trello boards because there are different parts in the platforms.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;right now we have to test four different situations (Android -&gt; Web, Web -&gt; Android, Web -&gt; Web, Android -&gt; Android) for every little change and it is confusing and too hard and also time-consuming.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;The four situations are to see whether the changes a client makes, take effect on both sides and to make sure the platforms are synced or not.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also, know that the web part contains the management and reporting system for admins to have control over the clients to some extends.&#xA;Is there any other way to organize this and make the testing more efficient?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28065" LastEditorUserId="28065" LastEditDate="2017-12-26T05:44:08.420" LastActivityDate="2018-04-26T18:20:36.133" Title="Testing a multi-platform project" Tags="&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;efficiency&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31200" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="423" CreationDate="2017-12-25T18:05:06.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;h3&gt;Just one thing- Test to confirm it does not work.&lt;/h3&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Test with a &lt;strong&gt;mindset&lt;/strong&gt; to confirm it does not work in at least 3 different cases.If as a developer one does not know at least 3 different ways to break his own code, he does not understand his own code well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Look for the weaknesses in your own code as if it's of somebody else.It will not only help the tester in getting a working, solid piece of code , it will greatly enhance your knowledge &amp;amp; reputation as a developer within the team in long term where ever you work.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your reputation will proceed you wherever you go as a solid developer!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2021-04-21T00:34:54.060" LastActivityDate="2021-04-21T00:34:54.060" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31203" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-26T06:36:38.430" Score="4" ViewCount="126" Body="&lt;p&gt;Every field people set up some kind of the labs like developer setup some developers lab, Penetration tester setup penetration testing lab with the different environment so I want the tips to set up a high-performance software testing lab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T14:12:07.677" Title="Tips to setup a high performance software testing lab?" Tags="&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;test-tools&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31204" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-26T07:24:40.173" Score="4" ViewCount="3157" Body="&lt;p&gt;Now that I have generated the report dashboard after the JMeter test run, I want to share the same via email to concerned members and stakeholders. Please suggest how can I do the aforementioned task!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="30078" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T14:00:12.820" LastActivityDate="2018-04-25T15:50:08.357" Title="How to share the generated JMeter Report dashboard to stakeholders via email?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;&lt;performance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31205" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31204" CreationDate="2017-12-26T08:39:52.870" Score="3" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If are asking &lt;a href=&quot;https://lifehacker.com/5803366/how-to-send-an-email-with-an-attachment-for-beginners&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;how to send a file via email&lt;/a&gt; then I'm not sure the &quot;stakeholders&quot; will need this report as if a person is not capable of accomplishing this simple activity I strongly doubt the load report is relevant&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you need to do it using JMeter - you can pack the folder with the dashboard report using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#OS_Process_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OS Process Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/load-testing-your-email-server-how-send-and-receive-e-mails-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SMTP Sampler&lt;/a&gt; (it will be a separate JMeter test of course)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you are running your test using a &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous Integration&lt;/a&gt; solution check out your CI server plugins, for instance there is &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.jenkins.io/display/JENKINS/Email-ext+plugin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Email-ext&lt;/a&gt; plugin for &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T08:39:52.870" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31206" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31189" CreationDate="2017-12-26T08:47:38.197" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I can see 2 options:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You use the same test against the same test data, it means that you will be getting the same responses each time. This is preferred way of designing your test as it needs to be &lt;a href=&quot;http://defragdev.com/blog/?p=718&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;repeatable&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt; otherwise even if you detect an issue and cannot reproduce it by running the same test this test doesn't make a lot of sense. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you cannot afford having static data for some reason you can consider doing some preparation in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#setUp_Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;setUp Test phase&lt;/a&gt; or directly &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#preprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;before the request&lt;/a&gt;. For example if the system under test makes a database query in order to return search results you can execute the same query using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/jdbc-preprocessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JDBC PreProcesor&lt;/a&gt; to pre-populate expected data set&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also your response looks utterly like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3schools.com/xml/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XML&lt;/a&gt; so it might be easier to consider using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#XPath_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;XPath Assertion&lt;/a&gt; instead of the Response Assertion in order to validate the data. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T08:47:38.197" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31209" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-26T11:41:11.427" Score="2" ViewCount="998" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I am having below configuration,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Maven project&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute test case through &lt;code&gt;testng.xml&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External code to write report &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here I have write code to generate reports. It depends on complete all test cases and even after &lt;code&gt;@AfterSuite&lt;/code&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;So is there any way to run that code after completing all test cases or generate test-output folder before complete all the code?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example :&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@AfterSuite&#xA;public static void tearDown()&#xA;{&#xA;    try&#xA;    {&#xA;        driver.quit();&#xA;        driver = null;&#xA;&#xA;        //report code, I want this code run after completing aftersuite&#xA;        // or generate test-output folder before completing aftersuite&#xA;    }&#xA;    catch (Exception e)&#xA;    {&#xA;        //code for error&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11936" LastActivityDate="2018-05-27T08:38:56.207" Title="Is there any ways to run any method or line of code after @AfterSuite in TestNG?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31210" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-26T12:28:24.137" Score="0" ViewCount="69" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a driving school application to test which somewhat works like Uber. My question is how can I test the real time map in my ios application?&#xA;User will provide the Start and End point but how to be sure that application is tracking the correct activity in the map?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18006" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:42:22.837" Title="Real time map testing in apple device" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31212" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31203" CreationDate="2017-12-26T14:12:07.677" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Full-controlled, Scalable, and Isolated are my key.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For high-performance testing (in case of throughput or load test), reaching the maximum capacity or break-out point of the software is main goal. Sometimes the bottleneck is not your focus software, but it's other component or even network.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Therefore you need &lt;strong&gt;Full-controlled &amp;amp; Scalable&lt;/strong&gt; environment that allow you to tune any component in your system, or network. Add more machine, or more resources. Sometimes you might need to remove some resources but still similar to your customer actual environment to achieve the test with valid and stable result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since high-performance testing is sensitive, any network traffic or cpu/memory consumption from any other application can make a huge effect to the test result. Then you also need &lt;strong&gt;isolated&lt;/strong&gt; environment which this kind of issue may be minimize. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps. Have fun and enjoy your test.   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2017-12-26T14:12:07.677" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31214" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-27T00:18:41.613" Score="1" ViewCount="1787" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having a problem using selenium and internet explorer 11.  I have to automate a website data gathering project where I have to scrape the website for CSV links and download then automatically everyday.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The website is &lt;a href=&quot;http://markets.midwestiso.org/MISO/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;markets.midwestiso.org/MISO/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can't access this website as it requires a certification (which i have).  According to miso, their website only works on internet explorer browser. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I am restricted to using IE with selenium to do this. My problem occurs when I try to mouse over the &quot;Settlement&quot; tab, when doing this another submenu opens which is the &quot;settlement info&quot; tab and finally hovering over the settlement info tab opens up the view tab which I have to click.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following is the website HTML code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;frameset name = &quot;frameset&quot; frameborder=&quot;no&quot; noresize=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;frame name=&quot;nav&quot; src=&quot;/miso/header/header.do;jsessionid=2d..!&quot; frameboarder=&quot;no&quot; no resize=&quot;&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;body background = &quot;/miso/images/hdrbackgroundslvr.gif &amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;table width ..&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;div id=&quot;xclock1&quot;..&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;div id=&quot;tab1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;div id=&quot;tab2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;table width=&quot;115&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;td class='normalHeaderTabs&quot; id=&quot;tab2TableDetail&quot; style=&quot;background: url (&quot;https://markets.midwesiso.org/MISO/images/hdrTabNormal.gif&quot;);&quot;&amp;gt;..&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;p id=&quot;tab2_p&quot; style=&quot;color: rgb(2555,255,255);&quot; onmouseover=&quot;this.style.color=&quot;&amp;gt;Settlements&amp;lt;/p&#xA;                  &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;              &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;frame name=&quot;ContentFrame&quot;&#xA;     src=&quot;/MISO/common/blank.html;jsessionid=2bC6h1hLNJwrN...&quot; frameborder=&quot;no&quot; scrolling=&quot;auto&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;head&amp;gt;..&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;          &amp;lt;body&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;table witdh='735' ..&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div id='tab1flyover0&quot; onmouseover='document.getElementbyID('tab1flyover0DivShim')&#xA;              &amp;lt;table width=&quot;160&quot; cellspace=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;                  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;td aligh=&quot;left&quot; id=&quot;tab2_tab2flyover0tableDetail0&quot; valign=&quot;center&quot; onclick='parent.frames[0].changeTopTabs('tab2TableDetail');parent.frames[0].changeContentFrame('/MISO/vss/view.do?cmd=view');&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                      &amp;lt;p id=&quot;tab2_tab2flyover0text0&quot; style=&quot;color:black;&quot;&amp;gt;View&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;                     &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;                   &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;/tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div id=&quot;tab1flyover2&quot; style=&quot;left&quot; onmouseover='document..'&#xA;            &amp;lt;iframe id='tab1flyover1DivShim'&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;div id=&quot;tab2&quot; onmouseover='document.getElementById(&quot;tab2DivShim&quot;);document.getElementByid('tab2').style.visibility='visible';&quot;onmouseout=&quot;..'&#xA;            &amp;lt;table width=&quot;160&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;tbody&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;td height=&quot;20&quot; id=&quot;tab2_tab2cell0&quot;; onmouseover=&quot;document.getElementByID('tab2flyover0') onmouseout='document.getElementByID(&quot;tab2_tab2Cell0).style.backgroundcolor='#C0CoCo';document.getElementbyId('tab2flyover0').style.visibility='hidden'&#xA;                   &amp;lt;p id='tab2_tab2flyover0&quot; &amp;gt;Settlement Info&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;                 &amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&#xA;               &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&#xA;             &amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&#xA;            &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, how can I choose the &quot;settlements&quot; tab?  I have tried this method and it works, but it creates problems down the road for me when I want to hover over the elements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;from selenium import webdriver&#xA;import os&#xA;import time&#xA;from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;#set directory where files will be downloaded&#xA;iedriver = 'H://work/IEDriverServer.exe'&#xA;driver = webdriver.Ie(iedriver) #establish internet explorer as website&#xA;&#xA;#website where we download files from&#xA;url = 'https://markets.midwestiso.org/MISO/'&#xA;driver.get(url)&#xA;driver.switch_to.alert.accept()&#xA;time.sleep(5)&#xA;&#xA;driver.switch_to.frame('nav')&#xA;settlements = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;tab2_p&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;driver.switch_to_default_content()&#xA;driver.switch_to_frame(&quot;ContentFrame&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;settlement_info = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;tab2_tab2flyover0&quot;)&#xA;view = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;tab2_tab2flyover0text0&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;actions = ActionChains(driver)&#xA;actions.move_to_element(settlements).perform() #this successfully goes to the settlements tab and hovers over it.  &#xA;&#xA;driver.switch_to_default_content()&#xA;driver.switch_to_frame(&quot;ContentFrame&quot;)&#xA;actions = ActionChains(driver)&#xA;actions.move_to_element(settlement_info).perform()&#xA;#actions.click(view).&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is no error, but the mouse is not hovering over the &quot;settlement info&quot; and finally the &quot;view&quot; tab.  Can someone please help?  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I type this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;actions.move_to_element(settlements).perform()&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can actually see the cursor hover to &quot;settlements&quot; tab, but then it disappears extremely quickly.  Is there a way for me to make it stay and pause it between going from &quot;settlements&quot; tab and then to &quot;settlement info&quot; tab?  Eventually i want to click on the &quot;view&quot; tab, but upon executing the above program, it executes, but i don't see any hovering happen especially on the sub-menus.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29983" LastEditorUserId="8869" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T11:52:52.203" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T11:52:52.203" Title="How to handle mouse over event on submenu in Internet Explorer - Selenium using Python" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;ie11&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31215" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31210" CreationDate="2017-12-27T06:00:53.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Positive Test case-&#xA;- Open Internet explorer/web-browser.&#xA;- Type www.maps.google.com and enter&#xA;- Check page is open.&#xA;- Place cursor in text box and type city/place name and click on 'Search &#xA;Maps'.&#xA;- Check place is displayed in maps.&#xA;- Check for satellite view click on 'Satellite' button; should display view.&#xA;- check for live traffic click on 'Traffic' button; should display live traffic with &#xA;traffic speed.&#xA;- Check for street view click on 'Street View' button and view should be &#xA;displayed.&#xA;- check for business/address in area selected above-type business to &#xA;find(e.g Pizza) ;should display pizza locations in that area.&#xA;- To check directions click on 'Get Directions' and type locations A and B &#xA;and click on 'Get Directions';should display directions to reach B from A.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Negative Test Case-&#xA;- Type wrong web address in web-browser.&#xA;- Type wrong name of city/place in text box and click 'Search Maps';should &#xA;display suggestions for correcting name.&#xA;- To get directions click on &quot;get Directions' and type location A and leave &#xA;location B blank and click on 'Get Directions';should display message' Enter &#xA;location or right-click on map'.&#xA;- Type location A of one country and location B of other(e.g. location in India &#xA;and location in USA);should display 'Could not calculate directions between A &#xA;and B'&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29908" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T06:00:53.057" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31216" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-27T06:39:42.290" Score="0" ViewCount="230" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have two interview questions, please help me to research the best answer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What are sources that you often use to consult and improve your testing knowledge?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How do you know that your test cases cover the requirements?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29986" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T22:16:46.757" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T22:18:34.750" Title="How to answer these growth and coverage testing interview questions?" Tags="&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31217" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30907" CreationDate="2017-12-27T06:52:48.000" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two options to do this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you enter a requirement in the “Requirements” module, you can link it to a test through “Test Coverage” sub module, provided a relevant test exists.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;When you write a test in the “Test Plan” module, you can link it to a requirement through “Req Coverage” sub module, provided a relevant requirement exists.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29985" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T06:52:48.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31218" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31214" CreationDate="2017-12-27T07:19:09.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to wait for &lt;strong&gt;visible&lt;/strong&gt; attribute of the required HTML element. Mouse over event seems only changes the visibility of the element to true, so wait in selenium till it happens.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So first you would set:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then do something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(expected_conditions.visibilityOfElementLocated((By.ID, &quot;settlement&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28196" LastEditorUserId="28196" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T08:00:44.063" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T08:00:44.063" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31220" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31236" CreationDate="2017-12-27T11:32:52.437" Score="2" ViewCount="3178" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to run TestCase in Firefox browser.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Result is :  Firefox browser opens, but URL is not loading.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;FIREFOX browser - 53&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Selenium- webdriver - 3.6.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;NPM - 3.10.10&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Protractor - 5.2.2&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CONFIG_FILE:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;     var SpecReporter = require('jasmine-spec-reporter').SpecReporter;&#xA;     var Jasmine2HtmlReporter = require('protractor-jasmine2-html-&#xA;      reporter');&#xA;     var fs = require('fs');&#xA;     require('protractor/built/logger').Logger.logLevel = 1;&#xA;  exports.config = {&#xA;&#xA;framework: 'jasmine2',&#xA;specs : './Spec/LIST/ListPage_EM_Acc_Spec.js',&#xA;capabilities: {&#xA;    'browserName': 'firefox',&#xA;    'moz:firefoxOptions': {&#xA;        'args': ['--safe-mode']&#xA;    }&#xA;},&#xA;allScriptsTimeout: 500000,&#xA;ignoreUncaughtExceptions: true,&#xA;jasmineNodeOpts: {&#xA;    isVerbose: true,&#xA;    showColors: true,&#xA;    includeStackTrace: true,&#xA;    displaySpecDuration: true,&#xA;    defaultTimeoutInterval: 360000,&#xA;    print: function () {&#xA;    }&#xA;},&#xA;onPrepare: function(){&#xA;    browser.manage().window().maximize();          // set browser size...&#xA;    rmDir('C:/Users/***/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/protractor/Workspace/Reports/Download');&#xA;    global.isAngularSite = function(flag){&#xA;        browser.driver.ignoreSynchronization = !flag;&#xA;    };&#xA;    // Remove files in Specified Directory&#xA;&#xA;    jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new SpecReporter({&#xA;        spec: {&#xA;            displayStacktrace: true,&#xA;            displayFailuresSummary: true&#xA;        }&#xA;    }));&#xA;    var jasmineReporters = require('jasmine-reporters');&#xA;    jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(new jasmineReporters.JUnitXmlReporter({&#xA;        consolidateAll: true,&#xA;        savePath: './Reports/JunitXMLprotractor-result/',&#xA;        cleanDestination: true,&#xA;        filePrefix: 'xmloutput'&#xA;    }));&#xA;    //require('./Data/waitReady.js');&#xA;    jasmine.getEnv().addReporter(&#xA;        new Jasmine2HtmlReporter({&#xA;            savePath: './Reports/Screenshots/',&#xA;            takeScreenshots: true,&#xA;            takeScreenshotsOnlyOnFailures: true,&#xA;            consolidateAll: true,&#xA;            showPassed: true,&#xA;            // filePrefix: sessionId + 'AutomationReport',&#xA;            filePrefix: 'AutomationReport',&#xA;            cleanDestination: true,&#xA;        })&#xA;    );&#xA;},&#xA;&#xA;};&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18218" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T12:43:11.197" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T13:50:19.737" Title="Protractor: Firefox browser opens but URL is not launched" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;jasmine&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31221" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31216" CreationDate="2017-12-27T13:15:58.430" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;These are common interview questions, and there are ways to answer them that will be helpful to you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources you often use to consult and improve your testing knowledge.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Frankly, unless you read through any suggestions you get and keep going back, you will be cheating - and if the interviewer is familiar with a source you give that you're not familiar with, you will not only lose any change of working with that organization, you could find yourself on multiple people's &quot;do not hire&quot; lists because people will talk about someone who tries to cheat their way through an interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, some of the sites I find particularly helpful are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ministryoftesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Ministry of Testing&lt;/a&gt; and all their associated sites&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;This site.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://angryweasel.com/blog/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Alan Page's&lt;/a&gt; blog.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How do you know test cases cover the requirement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You don't. You do your best to decompose the requirement into granular pieces of functionality and aim to test those. There's always the chance you'll miss something so you ask others to check your tests to see if there are any conditions you've missed. You discuss the requirement with others to look for implied functionality and assumptions that the author of the requirement may have been making. You look for prerequisites and incompatible functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When you think you might have most of it, you look at the risks of each thing you've identified failing, and you test more or less in this order:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Must have (the requirement fails if it does not do these things)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Highest risk&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Other tests from high-risk to low risk.  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T13:15:58.430" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31223" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-27T14:25:13.700" Score="1" ViewCount="4312" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do have an angular login page build as a SPA: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;http://localhost:port/login&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which works fine. And I wrote an E2E integration test for that. It runs fine regarding checking the input-text for &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;username&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;password&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and also the submit-button enabled/disabled based on if the input fields are empty or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I'am at the stage where I want to test a failed login process when the credentials (&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;username&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;password&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) are not correct. But the test failed and I keep getting the following error: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;1) user-app App should not login with wrong username and wrong password&#xA;  - Failed: Error while waiting for Protractor to sync with the page: true&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the code for this specific login case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;it(&quot;should not login with wrong username and wrong password&quot;, () =&amp;gt; {&#xA;&#xA;     const userNameInput = element(by.name('username'));&#xA;     const userPassInput = element(by.name('password'));&#xA;     const submitButton = element( by.css(&quot;.login-btn&quot;) );&#xA;&#xA;     userNameInput.sendKeys('johnfoo');&#xA;     userPassInput.sendKeys('3edF!4rfv');&#xA;&#xA;     expect(submitButton.isEnabled()).toBe(true);&#xA;&#xA;     submitButton&#xA;         .click()&#xA;         .then(() =&amp;gt; {&#xA;             browser.waitForAngular();&#xA;             browser.sleep(1000);&#xA;             expect(page.validationMessage().isDisplayed()).toBe(true);&#xA;             expect(page.validationMessage().isDisplayed())&#xA;                                            .toMatch('Please check your username and/or password and try again!');&#xA;         });&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any idea or hint how to fix this? Habe been searching and found some old postings also in Stack Overflow, but they seem to be in a way different than the one I'am facing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27486" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T17:28:01.730" Title="E2E - How to test login with fake data - username and password?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;&lt;integration-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31224" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31199" CreationDate="2017-12-27T14:39:56.340" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't know your development model, but here are some ideas:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Were the 2 teams used because of expertise in Android and web apps?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have you used some stub code to test the android and web sections separately to make sure their basic logic works?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You can test the within platform sections (web-web) with the teams you have using simulated data/inputs/outputs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Once you need to test the entire flow, why not combine Android and Web testers so that they can run through the entire process and each group can identify errors in their specialty areas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And have you created a development schedule with cutoffs for releases so all testing groups can plan accordingly? Even with Agile, your team needs to know when testing occurs so that developers and testers can concentrate on that work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29995" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T14:39:56.340" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31225" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29835" CreationDate="2017-12-27T14:52:53.900" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using HDD: 10000 mb * 200 / 40 mb/s = 50000 seconds to read all files from single hdd which is around 15 hours. If you are using SSD, it is around 5 hours. You can speed up by using multiple SSDs. Or creating virtual HDDs in ram memory and writing and reading from there. But most real thing - claster your environment to several pc or several SSDs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28196" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T14:52:53.900" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31226" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-27T16:05:57.083" Score="1" ViewCount="875" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wish there was some way to intercept new Chrome(driver) errors in SeleniumWebdriver before they hit my tests. The latest I have found is this one. Does anyone have a fix? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;DevTools listening on ws://127.0.0.1:12819/devtools/ ...&#xA;Error:service_manager.cc(157)] Connection InterfaceProviderSpec prevented service: content_renderer from binding interface: blink::mojom::ReportingServiceProxy exposed by: content_browser&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error message above is seen when simply trying to click on a browser input element. Previously it worked fine. Still works fine in IE: but as per the message Chrome cannot interact and the test fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Background info for the test &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;NUnit Console Runner 3.4.1 &#xA;Runtime Environment&#xA;   OS Version: Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1&#xA;  CLR Version: 4.0.30319.42000&#xA;Starting ChromeDriver 2.34.522940 (1a76f96f66e3ca7b8e57d503b4dd3bccfba87af1) on port 49205&#xA;Only local connections are allowed.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess that this post isn't in the best format for StackOverflow, and I apologise for that. It's another day in which I found a previously working test has been broken by an update which I hoped could be fixed by updating all framework components, but it wasn't fixed. Sad times!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If anyone else out there using Chromedriver in SeleniumWebdriver has seen the same error msg crop up and has a fix, I would love to hear it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22227" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:35:24.040" LastActivityDate="2020-03-16T06:35:24.040" Title="Fixing mojom error after Chrome update" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31227" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-27T16:20:07.887" Score="2" ViewCount="9162" Body="&lt;p&gt;I cannot click on this button contained in a modal&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is the html&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;button class=&quot;btn modal-button full-btn&quot; id=&quot;saveexit&quot; type=&quot;button&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;Save and Exit&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is the java code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;saveexit\&quot;]&quot;)))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also tried with:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cssSelector: #saveexit&#xA;cssPath: html.no-touch body div.remodal-wrapper.remodal-is-opened div.modaliAdesione.remodal.remodal-is-initialized.remodal-is-opened &#xA;div.modal-dialog div.modal-content.modal-custom-content div.modal-footer div.row.text-center div.col-md-6.col-sm-6.col-xs-12 &#xA;button#saveexit.btn.modal-button.full-btn&#xA;xpath: //*[@id=&quot;saveexit&quot;]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is the error I am getting: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Expected condition failed: waiting for visibility of element located by ...&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also asked a similar question on &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/47944349/1948785&quot;&gt;StackOverflow&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am new to Selenium so excuse me if it is a silly question.&#xA;Here is an extract of the html code: &lt;a href=&quot;https://codeshare.io/arLW9q&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://codeshare.io/arLW9q&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please note: if I run &lt;code&gt;document.getElementById('saveexit').click();&lt;/code&gt; from browser's console it works out&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29896" LastEditorUserId="29896" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T09:42:59.560" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T12:23:38.757" Title="Selenium webdriver - Cannot find button inside modal" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="13" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31228" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31223" CreationDate="2017-12-27T16:51:27.907" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Protractor waits for the &lt;a href=&quot;https://medium.com/@MertzAlertz/what-the-hell-is-zone-js-and-why-is-it-in-my-angular-2-6ff28bcf943e&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Angular zone&lt;/a&gt; to stabilise in case of Angular apps. If the stabilisation is taking long time, then your tests will timeout since the async operations around Angular's &lt;code&gt;zone.js&lt;/code&gt; are probably taking more time to complete and would block your tests from continuing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The best workaround is to have your tests not wait for this synchronisation to complete. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can set &lt;code&gt;browser.ignoreSynchronisation = true&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;browser.waitForAngularEnabled(false&lt;/code&gt; [I prefer the earlier one].&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit : You can also try using &lt;code&gt;useAllAngular2AppRoots: true&lt;/code&gt; in your &lt;code&gt;config.js&lt;/code&gt; file , and see it that resolves the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T17:28:01.730" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T17:28:01.730" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31229" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31216" CreationDate="2017-12-27T18:57:58.070" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The best answers are the most honest one. In your case maybe even: 1. None, yet &amp;amp; 2. Don't know, but willing to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My answers to these questions would be something in line of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I use the following sources to stay up-to-date:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Researching and answering questions on &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/&quot;&gt;SQA.SE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Reading &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.cleancoder.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;developer&lt;/a&gt; and industry blogs&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Listing to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.angryweasel.com/ABTesting/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.blog/podcasts/&quot;&gt;developer&lt;/a&gt; podcasts on my commutes&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coverage is not the goal, I would even challenge if the requirements are right, as most customers change their mind when they see something for the first time. The team should balance the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test-Pyramid&lt;/a&gt;, but I expect at least:&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One happy path end-to-end test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;One negative end-to-end test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;65-80% Unit- or Integration-test coverage (in order to adapt fast to the customers changing vision)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A time-boxed exploratory testing session to find gaps in the test automation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-27T22:18:34.750" LastActivityDate="2017-12-27T22:18:34.750" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31231" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31209" CreationDate="2017-12-28T07:31:09.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Annotations transformers is your answer. You can intercept and change any annotation behaviour.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#annotationtransformers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#annotationtransformers&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28196" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T07:31:09.083" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31232" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-28T10:07:52.700" Score="5" ViewCount="3226" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have to use Selenium to test an application with a live time stamp. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My code is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String validationmessage=driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//div[@id='part_log_details']/p[1]&quot;)).getText();&#xA;&#xA;System.out.println(validationmessage);&#xA;&#xA;        Assert.assertEquals(&quot;12-27-2017 - 23:00:47 :  updated inventory from 20 to 21. Reason : Quantity received from PO #SCT1075&quot;, validationmessage);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But if I run it again, the time stamp and inventory will change to the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;12-27-2017 - 23:45:47 : updated inventory from 21 to 22. Reason : Quantity received from PO &quot;#SCT1076&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any one give me the solution &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The HTML is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;part_log_details&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;12-28-2017 - 02:21:21 :  updated inventory from 23 to 25. Reason : Quantity received from PO #SCT1077&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;12-28-2017 - 02:16:05 :updated inventory from 21 to 23. Reason : Quantity received from PO #SCT1076&#xA;  &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;12-27-2017 - 23:00:47 : updated inventory from 20 to 21. Reason : Quantity received from PO #SCT1075&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I handle this situation?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30010" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T12:42:53.300" LastActivityDate="2018-08-03T12:27:54.927" Title="How do I validate dynamically changing data using Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;web-application&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31233" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31241" CreationDate="2017-12-28T10:50:56.243" Score="6" ViewCount="8777" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using the below configurations:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium 3.8.0&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Java 8&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ubuntu 16.04&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have automated my Application and am running tests in the Chrome browser. I came to know about PhantomJS driver to run tests in headless mode and I'm able to run them using this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my questions are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;PhantomJS is taking approximately the same time as Chrome to execute my whole test suite (approx 100 tests in around 40 min). So how it is faster? No doubt in cool feature like run your test without opening browser UI and see the result (compare result in report and also generate screenshots).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How it is performance wise fast as I'm seeing approx same result in GUI and Headless mode?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23536" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2018-06-21T05:57:46.330" Title="How headless mode is faster?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;phantomjs&gt;&lt;headless&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31234" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31232" CreationDate="2017-12-28T13:17:58.780" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;What you need to do is some string parsing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm going to assume that you know what quantity you've added to the inventory as part of your code, but you don't know what the PO was.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, as part of your test setup, you save current system datetime. You know the update timestamp is going to be close to your saved datetime, so you use  date &amp;amp; time libraries to create a time range.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your system timestamp is &lt;code&gt;12-28-2017 - 05:00:15&lt;/code&gt;, and you're working with a 1 minute time range, you'd use your language's date/time library to add 1 minute and give you a maximum timestamp of &lt;code&gt;12-28-2017 - 05:01:15&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now comes the parsing fun:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First, you get the substring from before the first &lt;code&gt;:&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;From that you can use a string to date conversion to get the actual timestamp logged. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then you assert that the actual timestamp is between your minimum and maximum timestamps. You may need a few attempts to get the time range to where you're not getting overlap and accurately catching the true timestamp.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;To get the quantity change, you take the substring between the words &lt;code&gt;from&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt;, trim leading and trailing spaces, then convert to an integer. That's your old quantity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then take the substring between the word &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt; and the first period (&lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt;). Again, trim leading and trailing spaces, then convert to an integer to get your new quantity.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Your final assert is that the difference between new quantity and old quantity is the quantity you added to the inventory.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's fiddly and messy, but when you're dealing with something like this, unless you have access to either a database where you can directly check timestamps or some other kind of information you're maintaining independently, there aren't many options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, in this situation, I'd be looking for something more easily tested than trying to parse dates and quantity changes from one long string. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T13:17:58.780" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31235" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-28T13:46:27.933" Score="1" ViewCount="48" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm using collection for the XML service in Postman, After the execution, I got the results successfully but when am seeing the test results the response body is coming with some extra space for each parameter and value&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ex:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hB32t.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hB32t.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please let me know the solution for this&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T13:46:27.933" Title="The response XML is getting with some space after running collection runner in Postman" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;postman&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2017-12-28T17:01:42.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31236" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31220" CreationDate="2017-12-28T13:50:19.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Keasav, I understood your problem after your reply, and what's causing that behavior is the (very) old version of the &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt; that you are using and the &lt;code&gt;Firefox&lt;/code&gt; version as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1 - So the latest &lt;code&gt;geckodriver&lt;/code&gt; version is 0.19.1 (and yours is 0.10.0, but many changes have been included since that build was released), and the latest &lt;code&gt;Firefox&lt;/code&gt; is now at 57 (but you're using 53).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - I just ran a few tests on the &lt;code&gt;Firefox v57 using geckodriver v0.19.1&lt;/code&gt; and everything is fine using the &lt;code&gt;Selenium Server&lt;/code&gt;, as well as using &lt;code&gt;directConnect: true&lt;/code&gt;. The capabilities used are exactly the same as those you provided in your question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - Consider updating your &lt;code&gt;Firefox and geckodriver&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;4 - Don't forget to update your &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager&lt;/code&gt;. The current version is 12.0.6. To find what version you're using, execute &lt;code&gt;webdriver-manager version&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;5 - As an advice, when facing a problem with different browsers, it's easy to find the solution if you're using a sandbox project, just to be sure that the browser binaries are the ones you want. For example, in the capabilities object, you can specify the &lt;code&gt;firefoxPath&lt;/code&gt; value.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;6 - Read the following details provided by the maintainers: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/issues/3823#issuecomment-273615047&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/angular/protractor/issues/3823#issuecomment-273615047&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24728" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T13:50:19.737" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31237" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31245" CreationDate="2017-12-28T14:13:53.543" Score="8" ViewCount="5205" Body="&lt;p&gt;While researching what an SET is and how they work, I noticed google's career page doesn't have this role currently.  Only Software Engineer &amp;amp; Test Engineer.  Also most of the material i'm finding on this subject is 5+ years old.  Has the cutting edge moved on and left SET in the dust?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: I am not asking if automated testing is going away.  Some old material from google suggested that automated testing would eventually become the responsibility of the SWE role.  My question is more - has that change already happened?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30013" LastEditorUserId="30013" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T15:08:13.257" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T22:38:02.947" Title="Is the Software Engineer in Test role out of style?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="5" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31239" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-28T14:53:02.913" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Microsoft also left only software engineer positions. Well it does not matter if you are a developer or a tester. As a tester (even manual) you should know development processes good enough to work as a developer and to know what they are doing. I think of myself more as a manual tester but still  I write a lot of tools in a lot of languages to help me in tests. And I am able to back up a developer when it is needed. How can you test something if you don't know precisely how it is created?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28196" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T14:53:02.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31240" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-28T14:54:42.407" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;OP: Your question suggests that role of SET (&quot;a programmer developing tests for designed system&quot;) is being replaced by something else, but your questions does not mention with what. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Automated testing is NOT going away, so &lt;strong&gt;some companies will call it by different names&lt;/strong&gt; but concept (&quot;a programmer developing tests for designed system&quot;) is here to stay for foreseeable future. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What might change is tools and methods it uses, and how company calls that position. So as always, &lt;strong&gt;be prepared to learn new technologies&lt;/strong&gt; (or, as you said, be &quot;left in dust&quot;). For a &lt;strong&gt;competent, skilled programmer&lt;/strong&gt; there is nothing to be worried about (except general AI), but also there is not shortcut, no silver bullet. You have to continue to run on the technology treadmill, as some technologies are becoming obsolete and being replaced with new ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Who might be worried is a semi-competent apprentice (&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.c2.com/?CodeMonkey&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;code monkey&lt;/a&gt;) who barely learned single technology and stopped learning (or instead of consistently enhancing his skills by honest hard work, is &lt;strong&gt;trying to find unfair shortcuts&lt;/strong&gt;, technological silver bullets, which will give him advantage without work. There is &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Silver_Bullet&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;no silver bullet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. All there is: hard work to keep up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know, it is a &lt;strong&gt;delicate balance between keeping up with new technologies&lt;/strong&gt;, and being so obsessed with them to the point &lt;strong&gt;using unproven non-mature technologies in production&lt;/strong&gt; with disastrous results (or forced upgrades/conversions). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To avoid mistakes, you need good judgment. To have good judgment, you need to learn from past mistakes&lt;/strong&gt;. There is no replacement for experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Until developing &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_general_intelligence&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;general AI&lt;/a&gt; and self-conscious, self-programming, self-improving systems, someone has to test the code. And few weeks after developing such general self-improving AI, &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_risk_from_artificial_general_intelligence&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;human civilization might be over&lt;/a&gt;, so it would not be a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T23:24:03.630" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T23:24:03.630" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31241" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31233" CreationDate="2017-12-28T15:06:24.937" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;Phantom.js was abandoned, &lt;a href=&quot;https://intoli.com/blog/running-selenium-with-headless-chrome/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;maintainer recommended to switch to headless Chrome&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Headless Chrome does not use CPU resources to repaint the screen, so try how many separate browser sessions you can run on same machine - you might not see the difference between just one headed and headless Chrome, it might be just few percent of the load.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T15:06:24.937" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31242" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-28T15:51:40.790" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;SET/SDET type roles are not going out of style. They're just getting relabeled into things like &quot;Shift left&quot;, &quot;T-Shaped testers&quot; and the like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What matters is not the name given to the role: what matters is the skill set required to fill the position. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Quite simply, no matter what title is given if a position is asking for skills like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Design, build, maintain automated tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create tools for testers&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Specific programming language expertise with an emphasis on framework knowledge&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chances are that position is for what you're calling SET. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T15:51:40.790" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31243" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31227" CreationDate="2017-12-28T17:21:11.517" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;Possibilities&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't see anything wrong with the snippet you shared, but here are a few things to check out.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The modal is inside of an iFrame. You need to switch focus to the iFrame first before you can read/manipulate anything in it. Can you fill in any of the fields in the same modal?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There is actually more than one id=&quot;saveexit&quot; on the page and the first one is hidden so the selenium is correct. Search the whole source for that string just to be sure (coders love cut and paste and may have put the same ID twice).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Switch from: &lt;em&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id=\&quot;saveexit\&quot;]&quot;))&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='saveexit']&quot;))&lt;/em&gt; - Not sure if it'll make a difference, but it takes out some confusion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P.S.&lt;/strong&gt; iFrame is not the same as window. You need to use the correct methods. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To count&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;//iframe&quot;)).size();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;To access&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.switchTo().frame(iFrame);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24646" LastEditorUserId="24646" LastEditDate="2017-12-28T19:01:56.643" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T19:01:56.643" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31244" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31176" CreationDate="2017-12-28T18:27:07.580" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since Protractor is a test framework build on top of WebdriverJS, Protractor handles certain aspects of the webdriver for you. For example, it automatically starts a browser (no need to call something like &lt;code&gt;driver = builder.build()&lt;/code&gt;) and automatically closes a browser (no need to call &lt;code&gt;driver.quit()&lt;/code&gt;). Protractor makes the decision to close a browser/end a session at the end of a test suite for you. Other answers have mentioned that the &lt;code&gt;conf.js&lt;/code&gt; file allows you to choose where your Webdriver instance connects to or how the browser is started up.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, there are some &lt;a href=&quot;http://timothymartin.azurewebsites.net/protractor-before-and-afters/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;helpful setup/teardown utilities&lt;/a&gt; such as &lt;code&gt;onComplete()&lt;/code&gt; that allow execution of actions at various stages before and after a test suite. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="346" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T18:27:07.580" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31245" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-28T19:12:03.583" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;You use Google as your example . . .  While &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2011/02/how-google-tests-software-part-two.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Whittaker detailed the SET and TE roles previously&lt;/a&gt; (and in &lt;em&gt;How Google Tests Sofware)&lt;/em&gt;, those titles have gone away as &lt;a href=&quot;https://testing.googleblog.com/2016/03/from-qa-to-engineering-productivity.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;they switched from SET to &quot;Software Engineer, Tools &amp;amp; Infrastructure (abbreviated to SETI)&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T19:12:03.583" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31246" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-28T19:23:51.497" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;SDET is just a rare position.  Some software companies don't have testers at all.  Most software companies that employ QA's have about a 4:1 developer : tester ratio.  The number of manual testers in the industry vastly outnumbers the amount of SDET's, especially because that mirrors the availability of personnel (everyone is sort of capable of testing software, but SDET's can rarely be found, especially if a company is preferring to hire locally).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first software job was as a manual QA, after which I carved-out my own automated testing role, which was partially to save my own labor, improve my productivity, and broaden my skill set.  Because of the specifics involved with the code base's technical debt, how frequently I needed to re-run a huge suite of manual regression tests, and the unreasonable aggressiveness of our release deadlines; automated testing was almost mandatory to continually assure quality within the deadlines.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After I was hit by a round of layoffs (don't read too much into this, really), I found that there were a lot more software developer positions in town than software QA positions, and I did not see any SDET positions in town at all (to give you a sense of their general ratios).  Eventually, I interviewed for an opening for an &quot;Integration Developer&quot; position, and after I told them my skills, they hired me essentially as an SDET.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Anyways, most software companies could benefit from SDET's and many could appreciate the value of them.  But SDET's are pretty rare.  Usually QA's don't have (and don't want to learn) computer science skills and developers want to engineer production software.  Although companies rarely seek SDET's, they also rarely say no to a manual tester who wants to automate.  This is a valuable and valid role.  But it is rare from both the supply side and the demand side.  The demand is rare because it requires multiple levels of buy-in.&#xA;-Do we make software that needs to be maintained over multiple release cycles?  (Consultants often don't.)&#xA;-At a minimum, developers should at least test their own software, right?&#xA;-Should we also hire QA's to test the software better than developers can?&#xA;-Should we go one step further and hire automate testers to improve our efficiency?&#xA;-Are we really a big enough company to supplement our fleet of manual testers with a few SDET's?&#xA;-If we actual got budget approval to hire an SDET and we posted the opening online, do we actually believe there is an SDET somewhere here in town?  Chances are pretty slim.&#xA;-Should we even list SDET as a separate position, or should we just consider all QA and developer applicants as potentially bleeding into SDET roles?&#xA;-Okay, we decided to hire some SDET's.  Then we hired them.  So now we have no remaining vacancies for SDET positions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30018" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T19:23:51.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31247" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31233" CreationDate="2017-12-28T20:06:19.467" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think Peter is right, it does not need the OS to draw the rendered page, might be some what faster. Something you will probably only notice if you run a lot in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But the main point is you can run it on a virtual machine without an Desktop Operating System, saving you lots of memory and thus costs as those VMs are much cheaper per hour.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you are an developer it means you can run the tests in the background and not on the foreground which could block other application as the browser windows pop-up. Which saves you time and is thus faster :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T20:06:19.467" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31248" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="12911" CreationDate="2017-12-28T20:18:40.720" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;From The Cucumber Book:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cucumber doesn’t actually care which of these keywords you use; the choice&#xA;is simply there to help you create the most readable scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some people find Given, When, Then, And, and But a little verbose. There is an&#xA;additional keyword you can use to start a step: * (an asterisk). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you could write:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: Attempt withdrawal using stolen card&lt;br&gt;&#xA;                                     &lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; I have $100 in my account&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;But&lt;/strong&gt; my card is invalid&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; I request $50&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; my card should not be returned&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;And&lt;/strong&gt; I should be told to contact the bank&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: Attempt withdrawal using stolen card&lt;br&gt;&#xA;                                     &lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; I have $100 in my account&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Given&lt;/strong&gt; my card is invalid&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;When&lt;/strong&gt; I request $50&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; my card should not be returned&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Then&lt;/strong&gt; I should be told to contact the bank&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Scenario: Attempt withdrawal using stolen card&lt;br&gt;&#xA;                                     * I have $100 in my account&lt;br&gt;&#xA;* my card is invalid&lt;br&gt;&#xA;* I request $50&lt;br&gt;&#xA;* my card should not be returned&lt;br&gt;&#xA;* I should be told to contact the bank&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To Cucumber, this is exactly the same scenario. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30021" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T20:18:40.720" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31249" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-28T20:24:33.033" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the past 5 years in the local Boston/Cambridge(MA) I have seen demand continue to increase.  The terms I see used most now are SDET (not SET which might account for your issue) and Quality Engineer (QE).  I myself try to use Automation Engineer to try and level the playing field with the folks with the title Application Engineer.  Both AE's are Engineers and write code and neither should be a second class citizen (frequent issue).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-12-28T20:24:33.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31250" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-29T06:27:05.733" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Armed with specialized testing knowledge of multiple tools, techniques, best practices, and processes, SDETs today have become a crucial part of development ecosystems. Based on their development experience, knowledge of technical architecture and design, and their programming skills SDETs are required to write a code to test the code written by developers. In addition, they are also required to write unit tests and also perform white box testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30028" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T06:27:05.733" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31252" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-29T10:01:24.713" Score="0" ViewCount="11158" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to get the current time and send it in &lt;code&gt;HH:MM&lt;/code&gt; format in a field to schedule an event at the current time using Protractor?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30034" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T15:47:51.543" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T00:43:25.903" Title="Get current time in HH:MM format" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31253" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31252" CreationDate="2017-12-29T10:50:27.360" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was automating some of my test cases and I got one requirement where I have to validate some record with date and time. In this case I captured date and time and verified respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Step which I have taken&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1- Decide which date format you want, then we can use SimpleDateFormat class to do the same. I took below format&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;SimpleDateFormat(“MM/dd/yyyy”)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2- Create Date class object which will return Date and time&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3- Then using format method get the date and time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Program 1- Write a program which will capture System Date&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;package demo;&#xA;&#xA;import java.text.DateFormat;&#xA;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;&#xA;import java.util.Date;&#xA;&#xA;public class GetDateinJava {&#xA;&#xA; public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA; // Create object of SimpleDateFormat class and decide the format&#xA; DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;MM/dd/yyyy &quot;);&#xA;&#xA; //get current date time with Date()&#xA; Date date = new Date();&#xA;&#xA; // Now format the date&#xA; String date1= dateFormat.format(date);&#xA;&#xA; // Print the Date&#xA; System.out.println(date1);&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OUTPUT&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cev.washington.edu/lc/CLWEBCLB/jst/js_datetime.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.cev.washington.edu/lc/CLWEBCLB/jst/js_datetime.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Program 2- Write a program which will capture System Date/ Time&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this example I am taking time as well so I have added HH:MM:SS also in format&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;package demo;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.text.DateFormat;&#xA;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;&#xA;import java.util.Date;&#xA;&#xA;public class GetDateinJava {&#xA;&#xA; public static void main(String[] args) {&#xA;&#xA; // Create object of SimpleDateFormat class and decide the format&#xA; DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss&quot;);&#xA;&#xA; //get current date time with Date()&#xA; Date date = new Date();&#xA;&#xA; // Now format the date&#xA; String date1= dateFormat.format(date);&#xA;&#xA; // Print the Date&#xA; System.out.println(&quot;Current date and time is &quot; +date1);&#xA;&#xA; }&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OUTPUT&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;[![enter image description here][2]][2]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, also you can refer the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cev.washington.edu/lc/CLWEBCLB/jst/js_datetime.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JavaScript Date Object&lt;/a&gt; page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="12159" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T11:04:49.023" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T11:04:49.023" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31254" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8854" CreationDate="2017-12-29T11:24:35.387" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an alternative to Selenium Grid itself compatible with WebDriver protocol (so don't need to change tests). It consists of two pieces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/aerokube/selenoid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenoid&lt;/a&gt; - a lightweight Selenium server replacement having a standalone user interface - &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/aerokube/selenoid-ui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Selenoid UI&lt;/a&gt;. UI receives all information via HTTP &lt;code&gt;/status&lt;/code&gt; API so you can create your own UI if needed. Selenoid is implemented in &lt;a href=&quot;https://golang.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Golang&lt;/a&gt; and is slightly more performant than Java-based Selenium server.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/aerokube/ggr&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;GoGridRouter&lt;/a&gt; (aka Ggr) - a fast load balancer for Selenium infrastructure.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;NOTE:&lt;/strong&gt; I am one of the core maintainers of these projects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30037" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T15:54:38.103" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T15:54:38.103" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31255" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31256" CreationDate="2017-12-29T11:29:40.500" Score="7" ViewCount="2957" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm starting my career as a QA Automation Engineer coming from a Jr dev background. I noticed that there are two main design patterns for Selenium, POM and PageFactory. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which is the preferred design pattern to use in best practice?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Also, there are several ways of finding an HTML element. Which one tends to be the best practice rule of finding an element? Is it ID? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As for Page Factory, my understanding is that for each webpage, you create a class representation of said webpage, and within the class, you create methods that act upon the webelements. You then will have different test classes that do the actual testing. Please correct or confirm my understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29617" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T12:07:04.217" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T12:07:04.217" Title="POM vs PageFactory" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;&lt;pom&gt;&lt;page-factory&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31256" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31255" CreationDate="2017-12-29T11:57:09.087" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the Page Factory is an extension of the Page Object Model. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageFactory&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;This  Selenium documentation page&lt;/a&gt; describes with examples what the Factory adds.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;If you use the PageFactory, you can assume that the fields are&#xA;  initialised. If you don't use the PageFactory, then&#xA;  NullPointerExceptions will be thrown if you make the assumption that&#xA;  the fields are already initialised.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Guess that is the biggest win. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I couldn't really care for the PageFactory, just adds magic and makes stuff more complex for new developers/testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Within your web app's UI there are areas that your tests interact&#xA;  with. A Page Object simply models these as objects within the test&#xA;  code. This reduces the amount of duplicated code and means that if the&#xA;  UI changes, the fix need only be applied in one place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Read more &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/PageObjects&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;here...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do love the Page Objects because it lowers maintenance and makes the tests more readable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3201" LastEditorUserId="3201" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T12:02:17.757" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T12:02:17.757" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31257" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27785" CreationDate="2017-12-29T13:48:20.647" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;My first site to practice on was &lt;a href=&quot;https://google-gruyere.appspot.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gruyere&lt;/a&gt; from Google. I know some people use this for security testing but I found it useful to have the dev tools on a browser open and explore what was happening on the application. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://demo.prestashop.com/en/?view=front&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Presta&lt;/a&gt; shop was also recommended to me when I asked &lt;a href=&quot;https://club.ministryoftesting.com/t/products-and-sites-to-practice-testing-on/1242&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;a similar question&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I took a course with the Software Testing Clinic recently, we tested Bing. The iOS app vs the android app vs it on different browsers. We found quite a few inconsistencies. This led me then to have a look at other sites/apps I'd never used before to see what I could find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30038" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T13:48:20.647" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31258" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30734" CreationDate="2017-12-29T13:50:43.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are some great answers here.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Mark Winteringham wrote about this over on the Dojo recently in &lt;a href=&quot;https://dojo.ministryoftesting.com/lessons/designing-tests-what-s-the-difference-between-a-good-test-and-a-bad-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;What's The Difference Between A Good And A Bad Test&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The important thing to note with any test is what risk is it addressing. This can open the floor to many other questions which will then expand your tests and ideas to strengthen the approach.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2515" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T13:50:43.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31259" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-29T15:13:24.100" Score="7" ViewCount="3687" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a problem with the two same XPath with dynamic ID on the same page. I have tested for selenium in java, when I need to confirm button on delete upload file. Instead of this, test first submits the first button in order on delete whole record. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both buttons are connected with a modal window so I need to locate the second button instead of the first button on the page. XPath looks like this: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[@id=&quot;button-with-dialog-modal-confirm-action-button-0XP&quot;]/span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30042" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T15:47:02.243" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T15:27:17.703" Title="same xpath on the page with dynamic ID selenium java" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31260" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31259" CreationDate="2017-12-29T15:23:10.743" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;XPath is worst (least preferred) way to locate elements. See &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/27978/what-makes-a-good-selenium-locator&quot;&gt;What makes a good Selenium locator&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I do not have a good unique name/CSS locator, I often get a list, and loop over it &lt;strong&gt;(using programming language, not XPath expression)&lt;/strong&gt; to select the desired element by some other attributes. XPath is flaky, can change after very minor design change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This allows me to:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;use more stable locators, &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;avoid spending time to debug complicated XPath expressions (I prefer to debug loops in real programming language, which I already mastered, so it is much quicker to write),&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;select elements in a way hard to express in XPath.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2017-12-29T23:24:07.980" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T23:24:07.980" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31261" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28407" CreationDate="2017-12-29T15:49:08.780" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The official documentation &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver#selenium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mozilla/geckodriver&lt;/a&gt; states:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Selenium client bindings will pick up the &lt;strong&gt;geckodriver&lt;/strong&gt; binary executable from your system’s PATH environmental variable unless you override it by setting the &lt;code&gt;webdriver.gecko.driver&lt;/code&gt; Java VM system property:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&amp;quot;webdriver.gecko.driver&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;/home/user/bin&amp;quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or by passing it as a flag to the java(1) launcher:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;% java -Dwebdriver.gecko.driver=/home/user/bin YourApplication&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So you can install gecko-driver and export it as environment path. Then, Selenium is able to find the driver itself. In Mac OS, you can install gecko-driver using brew, and the command is exported automatically:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ brew install geckodriver&#xA;$ type geckodriver&#xA;geckodriver is /usr/local/bin/geckodriver&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, in the Java code, there's no need to override the gecko-driver path:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30043" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T15:49:08.780" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31262" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-29T16:13:00.367" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the title is somewhat out of vogue, while the actual job is still being done by people being called Quality Assurance Engineers, Automation Engineers, SDETs/SETIs, or just Test Engineers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experience the desire for test automation and the need for people who are both competent coders and knowledgeable QA/Test designers is higher than ever, but titles vary based on how much manual testing, test plan design, framework development, etc is also expected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30044" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T16:13:00.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31263" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-29T17:39:11.283" Score="6" ViewCount="19473" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am unable to launch uiautomator through mac terminal. I get the below error when I typed Android or Uiautomator in the terminal, or click uiautomator from tool folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;ERROR&#xA;Djava.ext.dirs=/Users/ade/Library/Android/sdk/tools/lib/x86‌​_64:/Users/ade/Libra‌​ry/Android/sdk/tools‌​/lib&#xA;is not supported. Use -classpath instead. Error: Could not create the&#xA;Java Virtual Machine. Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program&#xA;will exit. logout Saving session... ...copying shared history...&#xA;...saving history...truncating history files... ...completed. [Process&#xA;completed]&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My PATH is&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;export JAVA_HOME=$(/Users/ade/Documents/java_home) &#xA;PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME &#xA;export M2_HOME=/Users/ade/Documents/apache-maven-3.5.2 &#xA;export PATH=$PATH:$M2_HOME/bin &#xA;ANDROID_HOME=/users/ade/Library/Android/sdk &#xA;export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-to‌​ols&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25223" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T05:16:20.093" LastActivityDate="2021-03-25T03:29:32.790" Title="Unable to launch uiautomator in mac terminal" Tags="&lt;android&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31264" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-29T18:03:58.053" Score="3" ViewCount="1697" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are a lot of questions out there regarding using Selenium to test the downloading of files. The answers of which are generally, &quot;DON'T!&quot;. For those that don't take no for an answer, the sub-answer is &quot;Don't download by clicking the link. Instead, get the HTTP response from the link's URL&quot;. They also point to &lt;a href=&quot;http://ardesco.lazerycode.com/testing/webdriver/2012/07/25/how-to-download-files-with-selenium-and-why-you-shouldnt.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this article&lt;/a&gt; a lot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My issue is that in the web app I'm testing, there is never a link to the file being downloaded. The buttons start a process to dynamically generate a file that is then sent to the browser (think CSV and PDF reports).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This means that to accurately test the site, Selenium &lt;strong&gt;must&lt;/strong&gt; click the button to start the process and then wait for the download. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And while some browsers will just automatically download the file, Edge and IE for instance always pop-up a &quot;What do you want me to do&quot; box which stops the test from completing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;AutoIT and such add-ons are out because the tests run on multiple different Operating Systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How can someone reliably download a file in a cross-browser, cross-platform fashion?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Bonus points if the file can be redirected to a known location for inspection (to validate the the info in the CSV matches what is expected).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24646" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T18:17:06.837" Title="Testing for file download, when there is not a direct link" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;cross-browser-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31265" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31264" CreationDate="2017-12-29T18:17:06.837" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://elementalselenium.com/tips/2-download-a-file&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ElementalSelenium&lt;/a&gt; suggest to configure your browser instance to bypass the dialog box (by creating advanced profile).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Linked example is for Ruby, but creating the profile should be similar for Java too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T18:17:06.837" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31266" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31259" CreationDate="2017-12-29T18:22:06.810" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;XPath gets a bad rap as it can be very fragile/brittle; any little change in the UI and it all goes to pot.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, with the lack of good class names and IDs, XPath can be the only option. As another answer suggests, you can try making a list of all the similar elements and iterate through them until you find the right element. But that seems overkill if you're just talking about two buttons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd go with the text()[contains()] route to identify each.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//*[@id='dynamic-1']/span/button[text()[contains(.,'Save')]]&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do something like this for each (obviously with accurate xpathing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24646" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T18:22:06.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31267" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31237" CreationDate="2017-12-29T22:38:02.947" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are terms are you searching on? And what exactly are you looking for?  Testing is definitely not dead. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Often in testing you need to search on a variety of terms as people use different titles to mean the same thing. Automation, checking, testing, tester, software tester, QA, Quality Assurance, development in test, qa engineer, test engineer, software development in test, etc&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="2515" LastActivityDate="2017-12-29T22:38:02.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31268" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31259" CreationDate="2017-12-30T00:14:15.540" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just simplifying MivaScott answer, Use button Label.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(text(),'Confirm')]&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T00:14:15.540" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31269" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29224" CreationDate="2017-12-30T00:27:31.297" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk/Priority Based Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: 80% Of Users use 20% key functionality of any application under test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T00:27:31.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31270" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31252" CreationDate="2017-12-30T00:43:25.903" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It has nothing to do with the protractor.It is plain javascript thing..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var time = new Date();&#xA;console.log(time.getHours() + &quot;:&quot; + time.getMinutes();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T00:43:25.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31271" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31275" CreationDate="2017-12-30T01:01:14.100" Score="4" ViewCount="342" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to utilize javascript asynchronicity to speed up test execution in protractor tests other than running tests in parallel? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;**Note:**This question is about utilizing core features of JavaScript language itself like asyncronicity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not talking about general automation execution optimizations like no waits or parallel execution etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-05-25T07:34:48.930" LastActivityDate="2018-05-25T07:34:48.930" Title="How to utilize javascript asynchronicity to speed up test execution?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31272" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31310" CreationDate="2017-12-30T01:32:28.047" Score="3" ViewCount="89" Body="&lt;p&gt;I wonder how people take a call in deciding the right level of function abstraction in Page objects, I sometimes find myself either on a very high level like &quot;CreateOrder&quot; or sometimes very low level like &quot;clickSubmitButton&quot;..&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Is there any rule of thumb or best practices to break down user operations on a page in easily manageable,readable, reusable Page object methods?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T08:53:16.307" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T13:00:58.083" Title="How you decide the right level of function abstraction in Page object model?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;&lt;page-objects&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31273" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25888" CreationDate="2017-12-30T01:44:32.813" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;your searchBox&quot;)).sendKeys(&quot;your partial keyword&quot;);&#xA;List &amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; listItems = driver.findElements(By.xpath(&quot;your list item locator&quot;));&#xA;listItems.get(0).click(); //make sure you have enough implicit wait on Global level to wait till list appear&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2017-12-30T02:19:34.207" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T02:19:34.207" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31274" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31272" CreationDate="2017-12-30T05:31:37.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think the Functional Implementation &amp;amp; Structural Implementation sections in the following article may clarify your doubt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.3pillarglobal.com/insights/abstracting-selenium-tests-using-page-object-model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.3pillarglobal.com/insights/abstracting-selenium-tests-using-page-object-model&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But, personally I think though we start to write very low level methods like &lt;code&gt;'clickSumbitButton'&lt;/code&gt; eventually we would convert our test scripts into using highlevel methods like &lt;code&gt;'createOrder'&lt;/code&gt; which themselves call the low level methods.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T05:31:37.707" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31275" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31271" CreationDate="2017-12-30T06:28:56.027" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is not much you can do at this moment, generally speaking. The asynchronicity is currently handled by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/control-flow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Control Flow&lt;/a&gt; being a queue of promises which are resolved in order one by one. WebDriverJS, which Protractor is based on, though &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs#introduction&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;falls under the pressure of the fast evolvement of the JavaScript ecosystem&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;JavaScript has evolved in many ways since WebDriverJS was originally&#xA;  created. Not only did the community standardize the behavior and API&#xA;  for promises, but promises were added to the language itself. The next&#xA;  version of JavaScript, ES2017, adds support for async functions,&#xA;  greatly simplyfing the process of writing and maintaining asynchronous&#xA;  code. &lt;strong&gt;At this point, the benefits of the promise manager no longer&#xA;  outweigh its costs, so it will soon be deprecated and removed from&#xA;  WebDriverJS.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, as of now, in version 4 (should be released soon), &lt;em&gt;there will be no promise manager at all, it was removed from the WebDriverJS API&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The removal of the promise manager means that we should migrate to the native JavaScript features like &lt;code&gt;async/await&lt;/code&gt; - there is a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/WebDriverJs#moving-to-asyncawait&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;documented migration path&lt;/a&gt; already in place. Also, here is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/angular/protractor/blob/master/docs/async-await.md#asyncawait&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor's documentation about using &lt;code&gt;async/await&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note that this needs Node &gt;= 8.0 and Jasmine &gt;= 2.7.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have not personally tried &lt;code&gt;async/await&lt;/code&gt; in Protractor tests and cannot talk about the performance aspect of it, but I expect the promise management part to become faster with &lt;code&gt;async/await&lt;/code&gt; without the overhead of the WebDriver's promise manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I guess one other option to make the test execution faster is to turn the Angular-Protractor sync off whenever possible. This though can negatively affect the reliability and cause extra flakiness which can be mitigated with good test habits like having explicit waits.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, there are other, more promising (pun intended) ways of speeding up Protractor tests - like test paralellization, avoiding re-opening a browser often etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, that said, keep in mind that end to end tests are slow by definition. Make sure you are not causing reliability issues by trying to solve performance problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-30T17:44:43.547" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T17:44:43.547" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31276" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-30T06:54:47.693" Score="3" ViewCount="90" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are considered as Test Environment apart from windows, Mac , Linux?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chrome, diff Browsers classified as environment? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28777" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:38:19.870" Title="What are considered as Test Environment apart from windows, Mac , Linux?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31277" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2017-12-30T07:15:29.913" Score="3" ViewCount="163" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following xpath selects siblings of selected context. But I'm confused about the following xpath expression:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;xpath://h2[contains(text(),'A few of our most popular courses')]/parent::div//div[//a[text()='SELENIUM']]/following-sibling::div[@class='rt-grid-2 rt-omega']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Question: Why this expression is boxed inside div?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Expression from above: &lt;code&gt;parent::div//*div[//a[text()='SELENIUM']]*&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;a[text()='SELENIUM']&lt;/code&gt; boxed inside &lt;code&gt;div&lt;/code&gt;. If I'm omitting the box and re-write as follows, it's not identifying the objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Full code of the above can be viewed on &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.guru99.com/using-contains-sbiling-ancestor-to-find-element-in-selenium.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Guru99 site.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12969" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-01T07:13:52.743" LastActivityDate="2019-01-06T04:03:55.653" Title="Xpath Axis Selection" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2019-01-07T20:40:22.923" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31279" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31271" CreationDate="2017-12-30T09:31:05.397" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test parallelization, as mentioned by @alecxe, really makes a difference; in case you're not practicing this, you'll observe the execution of the tests taking so much less time than before, so at least try, it's very easy, just add &lt;code&gt;shardTestFiles: true&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;maxInstances: 5&lt;/code&gt; to your conf.js file. Find out more &lt;a href=&quot;http://developers.perfectomobile.com/display/PD/Protractor+Parallel+Execution&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another suggestion, but this is not related to the Protractor framework itself but it's a matter of test-logic, is to pre-populate site cookies which can speed up scripts, by avoiding additional site navigation, let's say, but this, of course, depends on the AUT and the e2e flows you have automated. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And also what it can be done, if your AUT is rich in images, is to disable the images to be loaded by the browser, and this will cause the rest of the web-pages to load way faster. You can achieve this by setting up a new profile for the browser and disable loading images for it, and then in the script use the new profile when starting the browser driver.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24728" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T09:31:05.397" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31280" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13181" CreationDate="2017-12-30T10:44:45.977" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Test Engineer should be part of the (development) team imho. That way they can &quot;test&quot; early and often, starting by asking questions during refinement of a feature from a test/risk perspective (that others might not think of), like how to deal with unhappy flows or failures. Discussing these before starting on the implementation of a feature will prevent bugs that might otherwise surface in situations that were not considered during refinement, or where any misunderstanding between business and developers goes unnoticed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;In addition to working with the business stakeholders (what is the expected behavior or the system), they will also need to work with the developers. How it is implemented, what is already unit tested / integration tested by the developers, what is the quality and coverage of those tests (i.e. identify and close gaps).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Side note: Working with developers can be hard, depending on the technical skill and experience level of the tester and how clearly they can communicate in terms the developer can understand. And the willingness of the developers to meet them half way (how much they want to understand, even if you might not speak the same technical language).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ideally the tests should run as part of the build and/or deploy pipeline to find bugs as soon as possible, making them easier/cheaper to fix. In addition, the tester might do exploratory testing to discover more about the product. Especially where automation might not make sense (yet). &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Personally I find BDD (Behavior Driven Development) very helpful to create a common understanding of the features. BDD scenarios can be automated using tools like Cucumber.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T10:44:45.977" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31281" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31276" CreationDate="2017-12-30T15:23:17.693" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&quot;Environments&quot; is really too generic a term.&#xA;I would consider using the terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Operating System of the server.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Usually one of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;OSX&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Linux&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Operating System of the Client Computer.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Usually one of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Windows&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Max&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Linux&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Client Browser&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Usually one of:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Chrome (all OS's)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Firefox (all OS's)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Internet Explorer (Windows only)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Safari (Mac only)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T15:23:17.693" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31282" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31276" CreationDate="2017-12-30T16:16:39.310" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally speaking, anything that influences how the software behaves is either an input or part of the test environment.  In a sense, test environment is just a set of inputs that don’t change as often as other inputs.  You might even redefine the line between test environment and inputs depending on the specific test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yes, the type of brower could be part of the test environment.  Here are some other examples of properties of a test environment: locale, time zone, network configuration, database type, traffic volume, memory size, and user experience level.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T16:16:39.310" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31283" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31154" CreationDate="2017-12-30T16:25:02.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rotate, let them experiment  with Ideas.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rotate people between different technology teams and let them come up with new creative ideas together in the form of prototypes/PoCs to solve existing team problems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-03-31T20:04:09.407" LastActivityDate="2018-03-31T20:04:09.407" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31284" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31276" CreationDate="2017-12-30T17:47:12.030" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are testing on multiple devices then Tablet and mobile models and versions will also come under test environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T17:47:12.030" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31285" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31276" CreationDate="2017-12-30T17:48:48.803" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a href=&quot;http://glossary.istqb.org/search/test%20environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ISTQB glossary&lt;/a&gt;, it is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;An environment containing hardware, instrumentation, simulators, software tools, and other support elements needed to conduct a test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-30T19:44:28.367" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T19:44:28.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31286" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31277" CreationDate="2017-12-30T23:07:19.867" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;the XPath expression seems to be incorrect as the part &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;..//div[//a[text()='SELENIUM']]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;looks like does not fulfill the regular xpath pattern. If this works, it is a nice XPath hack. &#xA;If I would like to select neighbors of the &quot;SELENIUM&quot; element on the page &lt;a href=&quot;http://demo.guru99.com/selenium/guru99home/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://demo.guru99.com/selenium/guru99home/&lt;/a&gt; , I would use the following XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//h2[contains(.,&quot;A few of our most popular courses&quot;)/parent::div[@class=&quot;rt-grid-12 rt-alpha rt-omega&quot;]//div[@class='rt-grid-2 rt-omega']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but this will select all descendants of the grid, including the &quot;SELENIUM&quot; element ...  and this is not exactly what was required in the example. But it is more likely what you will really need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So looks like the formula in the example is selecting the div, which has a descendant with text &quot;SELENIUM&quot; and from that, all the following siblings due to &lt;code&gt;//&lt;/code&gt; before the div and through so-called &quot;XPath recursion&quot; with &lt;code&gt;[//a[text()='SELENIUM']]&lt;/code&gt;. &#xA;I personally did not see such use of XPath before and I hope I would not need it in the future. But at least it is good to know, that it could work that way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5099" LastActivityDate="2017-12-30T23:07:19.867" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31287" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9317" CreationDate="2017-12-31T07:18:24.280" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Interface testing:&lt;/em&gt; means to check the connectivity between the modules or components.or to check the communication established between the objects.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30056" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2017-12-31T17:25:59.483" LastActivityDate="2017-12-31T17:25:59.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31288" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="9317" CreationDate="2017-12-31T20:29:02.013" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The major difference, (I see) is interface testing can be done in isolation whereas integration testing requires at least 2 entities to interact.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&quot;Interface&quot; is a very vague and broad term and can mean multiple things on&#xA;  many levels.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interface Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; In general, I would define it as a testing at the boundary where an entity interacts with the outer world.That entity may be from unit to system level.It can be a method,component,service or even an etire system.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;: GUI of an web application, 3rd party Web services Public APIs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Integration Testing&lt;/strong&gt;: On the other hand it happens at that boundary level where 2&#xA;  entities interact with each other.It covers and validates those&#xA;  interaction scenarios(without testing the internals of those entities in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again those entities can be from small components to entire systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example&lt;/strong&gt;: 2 modules of an application,Web services calls in Web Application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2017-12-31T20:29:02.013" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31289" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31307" CreationDate="2018-01-01T04:55:18.193" Score="10" ViewCount="14009" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my last job interview, I was asked:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You find a major bug, but no developers are present. The release deadline is today. What do you do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It's not a difficult question, but it can be answered in many ways.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to answer this interview question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T12:41:30.443" LastActivityDate="2019-04-25T18:11:05.710" Title="How to answer interview question “You find a major bug, but no developers are present. What do you do?&quot;" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="12" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31290" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31289" CreationDate="2018-01-01T05:59:13.440" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I assume what you meant is: when you get &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt; major bug, not &lt;strong&gt;THE&lt;/strong&gt; major bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not think we can DEFINE a proper answer, it is one of those situations you will have to deal with based on its context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;The short answer is, talk with the stake holder. There has to be someone who has the responsibility over this product you are testing. And this stake holder does not have to be a developer, as a matter of face, from my personal experiences, stake holders have never been a developer. I have seen a test manager as the stake holder, or the product manager or a business analyst. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;In the worst scenario, if there is no one else to talk to about this major bug you have just discovered. The least you can do is to flag it on your bug tracking system and stop this release for now, wait for a stake holder to return. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2018-01-01T05:59:13.440" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31291" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31289" CreationDate="2018-01-01T16:31:36.210" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;The use case in which the bug discovered is also of importance here, in my view. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Example: if the bug is found in very corner use case of an application flow, and the probability of end user hitting this use case is fairly low, then a release can be made as planned and the bug will be flagged as a high severity bug in a bug tracking system. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next when dev team is available to address this,  ask them to fix it as soon as they can and then, make another release/deployment to production.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this way, the release do happen as planned and hopefully there are not many impacted users (as the use case is not in happy flow of deployed application).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But of course if bug is easy to encounter by end user or is part of happy-path journey of your application flow, then you as a Quality Assurance person has to stand on your ground and flag the risk to all stakeholders, senior management. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If all stakeholders are still ok to go to production, with this bug still open, due to deployment deadline,  well then its upto them to assess business impact of this defect in production, customer dissatisfaction etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;From QA stand point, you did your job by 1. discovering the bug, 2.recording it in bug tracking tool and 3.highlighting it to all stakeholders + senior management&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22290" LastActivityDate="2018-01-01T16:31:36.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31292" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2018-01-01T20:30:34.023" Score="0" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Add value to be valuable.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whoever finds critical, valuable defects regularly will be valuable to the product, team, company or to the Industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T12:30:29.613" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T12:30:29.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31293" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31295" CreationDate="2018-01-02T04:24:54.760" Score="13" ViewCount="3309" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have one product to test but we don't have the resource who have the domain knowledge of the specific field my company don't want to lose the client as it a breakthrough for the company &amp;amp; we don't have time to hire the new resources in short period the only way somehow we have to start testing .&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question is there any way to test the full flash product without any domain knowledge?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T06:32:46.023" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T00:31:02.777" Title="How to test a product without domain knowledge?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="12" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31295" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-02T06:30:44.677" Score="16" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, there is a way. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Take the requirements/specifications (whatever you call it) and prove whether the software fulfills them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15347" LastEditorUserId="15347" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T06:38:44.197" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T06:38:44.197" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31296" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27408" CreationDate="2018-01-02T06:37:08.210" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;code&gt;Contains&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;Equals&lt;/code&gt; and then check for XML tag, in your case Patterns to Test:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;Id&amp;gt;${ID_1}&amp;lt;/Id&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28432" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T06:37:08.210" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31298" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-02T09:04:46.097" Score="9" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.testingeducation.org/a/nature.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Exploratory Testing Tutorial.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is a perfect situation to use exploratory testing .Explore, design &amp;amp; test simultaneously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Set expectations&lt;/strong&gt;:First, set the right expectations atleast to your company regarding your domain knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Be curious&lt;/strong&gt;.Ask yourself a question about the product functionality based on common sense/ experience and find out the answer by designing an test and executing it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Logical Progression&lt;/strong&gt;: Each question/ answer should lead you to the next logical question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Timebox Sessions&lt;/strong&gt; :Do time box(I do 40 mins ) intense sessions and make simple notes of your observations during this process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tools Required&lt;/strong&gt; : Notepad (personally physical preferred ! )&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raise questions not defects&lt;/strong&gt; at current stage and confirm your understanding from business analyst/product owner.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-10-19T00:31:02.777" LastActivityDate="2018-10-19T00:31:02.777" CommentCount="8" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31300" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-02T11:52:43.547" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://thetesteye.com/posters/TheTestEye_SourcesForTestIdeas.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;37 Sources for Test Ideas&lt;/a&gt; might help you, &lt;strong&gt;BUT&lt;/strong&gt; if I were in your place I would insist on having at least some domain knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Following the ideas in the link and other answers is just that- gaining domain knowledge by learning it on the go. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would try and have a more solid starting point, for example taking a short course or talking to people that have the right knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T11:52:43.547" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31301" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29340" CreationDate="2018-01-02T11:53:27.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;These exceptions are actually just warnings that the the selenium server was kept alive, this is the timeout protection doing its job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The console will contain messages like that and its not a problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could remove the log message or filter them from the console if its bothering you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see here for how to send those log messages to a file &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/logging&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/logging&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T11:53:27.530" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31302" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28991" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:15:34.090" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Its seems to me that you want to functionally test your application and are wondering what tools to use to do this. It is valid to ask for opinions in the QA/Test space because being QA's we will validate these opinions for our own cases before using them unlike programmers ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As a test automation task this can actually be very simple , i'm guessing your application saves, restores and patches dotfiles and doesn't have complex interactions with other services and processes (e.g. networkmanager, dbus etc) so can just be run by command line options.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think your choice of using shell scripts to test this is fine here because for me the most important part of test automation is exercise the code in the simplest and most understandable way possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I can't see many test tools adding much more to this than a shell script with a function to run a command and report which of a bunch of files have changed. This function could then be run over bunches of combinations of actions to check for specific results. A little bit of setup code might help to normalise the environment and or create a new user to do this with. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do want to try a framework then have a look at bats which provides a tap compliant test runner for bash based tests. &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/sstephenson/bats&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/sstephenson/bats&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is absolutely no need to attempt to test this in Rust , its a fascinating language with innovating memory safety at its core but its major overkill for tests unless you are specically testing Rust API calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T12:15:34.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31303" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:25:42.053" Score="0" ViewCount="785" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am doing automation testing using visual studio.While selecting list from &lt;strong&gt;dropdown&lt;/strong&gt;,only margin size changes.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fvxRV.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/fvxRV.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also tried using cssselector to wait but it's not works because cssselector is constant it not changes only the style attribute changes its size.How can wait for margin size to change. Only this part is keep on changing i have to wait until it changes its style.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZJIsw.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZJIsw.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28980" LastEditorUserId="28980" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T12:34:22.417" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T05:00:40.263" Title="how to wait until margin size changes" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31304" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:35:29.983" Score="-1" ViewCount="146" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the context of software testing, what is the difference between the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Deviation from normal workflow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unexpected results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Incorrect results&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29177" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T13:05:20.120" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T06:11:45.523" Title="What is the difference between unexpected result and deviation from normal workflow?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31305" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27045" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:39:01.650" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Sorry if this is not the answer you want to hear but: Tests should not be flakey&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your test doesn't run to completion then you should consider spitting it up into smaller pieces or changing your orchestration to increase stability. Its more important to maintain confidence in tests than it is to have more coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Having flakey tests can waste a lot of test resources and block build chains from running in CI/CD environments. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Flakey test plugin can help with this but its really better to quarantine these tests and diagnose the issues because you really can't trust a pass for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some of the main causes of flakey tests are :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Waiting - try to use exception handlers instead of waiting for fixed periods of time as they can finish sooner as well but don't get messed up when a previous delay extends too far.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Not failing - its better to declare a failure when things don't work , in a test you should not be trying to handle the problem (unless you are mocking part of an application that does this specifically and then you should maintain that contract). Its a classic error that people who write code for applications not tests do.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Communication - when you have a flakey test you should communicate this with the developers and get them to help resolve it, usually i do a pair session with developer and we can resolve or at least encapsulate the flakey behaviour. Often this is just because a dependency was not upto date or not delivered in time , this can be hard to find out if you don't keep communicating with the devs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you find this situation happens a lot it might be worth setting up 3 amigos meetings to ensure you don't end up working on tasks that are not ready.  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.agilealliance.org/glossary/three-amigos&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.agilealliance.org/glossary/three-amigos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T12:39:01.650" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31306" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:44:33.893" Score="1" ViewCount="1601" Body="&lt;p&gt;i am having a funny issue with my gecko driver. The browser loads however it does not redirect to the URL as stated below. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    Dim fireDriver As  New FireFoxDriver(New FireFoxOptions() With {.BrowserExecutableLocation = &quot;C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&quot;})                &#xA;                handler.WebsiteLogin(fireDriver)&#xA;&#xA;    fireDriver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.google.co.uk&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using firefox 57.0.3 (64-bit), geckodriver-v0.19.1-win64 and written in a VB .Net desktop application.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the trace from the driver&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;1514898589674   geckodriver     INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:63088&#xA;1514898590827   mozprofile::profile     INFO    Using profile path C:\Users\GRANTP~1\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.Mt3alKOXTMmE&#xA;1514898590829   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Starting browser C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&#xA;1514898590847   geckodriver::marionette INFO    Connecting to Marionette on localhost:63121&#xA;1514898592849   geckodriver::marionette DEBUG     connection attempt 0/600&#xA;1514898594955   geckodriver::marionette DEBUG     connection attempt 1/600&#xA;1514898597059   geckodriver::marionette DEBUG     connection attempt 2/600&#xA;1514898599160   geckodriver::marionette DEBUG     connection attempt 3/600&#xA;1514898601264   geckodriver::marionette DEBUG     connection attempt 4/600&#xA;1514898603368   geckodriver::marionette DEBUG     connection attempt 5/600&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If i need to provide any other details please let me know so i can update the question. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30079" LastEditorUserId="8428" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T16:06:36.703" LastActivityDate="2021-04-25T08:04:45.593" Title="Gecko Driver not navigating to URL" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browsers&gt;&lt;firefoxdriver&gt;&lt;vb.net&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31307" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31289" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:55:20.943" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;As others have said, there is no single correct answer. The interviewers are probably looking to see how you would handle a stress situation with a tight deadline.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk/Impact&lt;/strong&gt; - This might be a major bug, but what you do depends a lot on how likely it is that the bug will occur in production, how much damage it will do if it occurs, and whether there is a workaround. For instance, a bug that's extremely likely to occur, corrupts data when it does happen, and has no workaround is a show-stopper. &lt;em&gt;You immediately escalate to stakeholders and block the release.&lt;/em&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it's not a show-stopper (something that can only be determined with knowledge of the system and how it's used), and/or there's a workaround, &lt;em&gt;document for release notes, then notify stakeholders&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Document&lt;/strong&gt;  - No matter what, you need to report the bug. Since it's supposed to be released today and there are no developers to fix it, you need to add any workaround information to the release notes, as well as flag it as a known issue. You may not be able to convince stakeholders to delay the release, or there may be overriding concerns such as contracted delivery dates with severe penalties that will force your company to release despite the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Protection&lt;/strong&gt; - The reason the bug is a crisis situation is that there is nobody available to fix it: you need to document this and work with your manager to ensure that there are always developer resources available in case something like this occurs again. Note that this isn't a case of laying blame - if the entire project was run on an overly tight timeline, it's quite possible that your team wasn't able to access the part of the system with the bug until the last day. Or other factors could have intervened: hardware failures, interaction with third parties... in my experience nobody wants to deliver substandard software, but that doesn't mean that circumstances allow everyone to work to the standard they'd like. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T12:55:20.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31308" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31204" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:58:52.577" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, it is less value to share file created by automation or performance tool with stakeholders. They will not understand it. What I would suggest you is to create a short presentation (7-15 min) to present the results and answer the possible questions. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T14:42:45.707" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T14:42:45.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31309" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="28334" CreationDate="2018-01-02T12:59:09.793" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Appium doesn't follow the Grid model particularly and its not especially supported so you will mostly be on your own. My experience was that a lot of the grid related code is unmaintained and untested.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to run C# tests against IOS you will have to use MacOS and will be quite restricted to recent dotnetcore supporting C# libraries , which means no specflow. This will confound your options , i would suggest using ruby as this has excellent appium support and is already installed on MacOS.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trying to maintain a parallel execution test suite is very time consuming and most people give up.  My experience was that the two mobile platforms have such different ways of doing things that the test code tends to get bogged down with a huge amount of conditionals when trying to handle both and their many quirks. This is especially true if your app does anything with network settings , local files or interacting with other apps. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its far easier and just as effective to have the same code base test both platforms but keep the runs seperate, this also alows you to run tests sooner rather than waiting for a new build or re-running the IOS tests against an old when only the android build is ready. I would be very surprised if your application is built for both plaforms from the same code base.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do go down this route you should really have someone specifically tasked and trained to do this with time allocated to do removed from sprint velocity, also please share the fixes you will need to develop with community.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T12:59:09.793" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31310" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31272" CreationDate="2018-01-02T13:00:58.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;It depends&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The rule of thumb I use is that if I find myself coding essentially the same thing three times, I wrap the coding into an appropriate object and call it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if your submit button is used in multiple different tests, then a &lt;code&gt;CommonModules.ClickSubmitButton();&lt;/code&gt; might be appropriate. If it's only ever used to create an order, and you're calling the order creation with set parameters, then it makes sense to use &lt;code&gt;OrderModule.CreateOrder(orderDataObject);&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use what works with the application in test, and keep both DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) and YAGNI (You Ain't Gonna Need It) in mind, and your code should be fine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T13:00:58.083" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31311" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31289" CreationDate="2018-01-02T13:15:08.223" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;One scenario for this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;bug found. looks like &quot;major&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;reproduce &amp;amp; locate it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;write a bug report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;inform project manager about the bug and let him/her/customer to decide what to do.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We testers work in an information business: we gather information about current state of the software. We do not make business decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastEditorUserId="30078" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T13:20:43.917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T13:20:43.917" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31312" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26083" CreationDate="2018-01-02T13:15:32.010" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can only see these options if you have admin.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Do you have it configured to use AD credentials ? its possible to lock yourself out if AD goes wrong (e.g. machine account expired or AD server not available) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Its a very secure system to you will probably have to reinstall if you have lost the admin password.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T13:15:32.010" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31313" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31263" CreationDate="2018-01-02T13:23:42.953" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should not use &lt;strong&gt;uiautomator&lt;/strong&gt; in first place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The recommended tool by Google from Android SDK is &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.android.com/training/testing/ui-automator.html#ui-automator-viewer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;uiautomatorviewer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Which you can find in the same folder: &#xA;&quot;Libra‌​ry/Android/sdk/tools‌​/lib&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you can't find uiautomatorviewer, please update your Android SDK.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21451" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T13:23:42.953" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31314" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31304" CreationDate="2018-01-02T13:29:17.393" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;1 - An behavior not anticipated by the team, which may or may not reflect that something wrong happened. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine that during a six-page form filling process, the page pops an alert with only a OK button and the following message &quot;Click OK to Continue&quot;. The users clicks on it and follows his life normally. No error happens, but the workflow is unexpected.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - A result not anticipated by the team, which may or may not be an error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Imagine that the team's domain knowledge says that a calculation only can result in positive numbers, but you get a negative number in the app logs. After investigation, you realize that your knowledge is wrong and the calculation is correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;3 - An error, simply put. Something wrong happened.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T13:29:17.393" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31315" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31304" CreationDate="2018-01-02T13:34:48.350" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am not sure about your question - what do you mean by &quot;normal workflow&quot;? But it looks like you want to learn testing basics. You may want to check what ISTQB foundation level can offer:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&quot;1.1.2 Causes of Software Defects&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A human being can make an error (mistake), which produces a defect (fault, bug) in the program code, or in a document. If a defect in code is executed, the system may fail to do what it should do (or do something it shouldn’t), causing a failure. Defects in software, systems or documents may result in failures, but not all defects do so.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Source: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.istqb.org/downloads/syllabi/foundation-level-syllabus.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.istqb.org/downloads/syllabi/foundation-level-syllabus.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T13:34:48.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31317" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-02T15:16:49.917" Score="3" ViewCount="519" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to Test automation and would like to try my hand at automating a web application project.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This web application gets its data from a desktop application (on syncing). I was thinking that selenium is the best approach to automate web side but there would be test cases where I need to use the desktop app here. (e.g. checking the sync changes coming from desktop app into web, validating the data, etc.)&#xA;How best to combine both the desktop and web app automation? can we use selenium here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Desktop application runs only on Window OS. (.exe application) Technology used: C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web application is compatible with any browser (preferred - chrome, firefox). Technology used: Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30083" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T17:54:24.410" LastActivityDate="2019-12-25T13:03:25.453" Title="Automation tool for testing integration of a Web application with a desktop application?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31318" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27912" CreationDate="2018-01-02T15:45:18.897" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The first step would be to find out what kind of risks are product and what - project. When you know that then you will realise that as a tester you cannot influence (reduce) project risks. Risks, which you can lower with software testing, are product risks. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Second - never ever do it alone. In many cases, testers do not have the big picture about risks or wrong assumptions what kind of problems particular software has to solve. If you still have to create risk register, nobody else did it before you and you do not have access to the customer, then at least cooperate with a project manager (risks are his/her job anyway). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T15:45:18.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31319" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31303" CreationDate="2018-01-02T15:50:18.463" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just a WAG: To change margin style, element has to be redrawn. So you can wait until reference becomes stale, then wait some more until element appears again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;in Python: ExpectedConditions.staleness_of(element)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T15:50:18.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31320" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-02T15:56:38.967" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Testing without domain knowledge requires following the requirement and test script. Just reporting anything which feels &quot;weird&quot; for a tester without a basic knowledge will result in &lt;strong&gt;reporting so many false positives that error reports are useless&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have first hand experience with such approach (testing product by testers without basic domain knowledge) when in one of my previous projects, management wanted to &lt;strong&gt;save money by testing our app by bunch of interns with no knowledge and no training&lt;/strong&gt;. They reported so many false issues (repeatedly: they were not even able/trained/expected to see that someone else already reported the same issue) that &lt;strong&gt;triaging reported issues become full-time job for a highly trained expert&lt;/strong&gt; (whose time would be better spent on testing). Whole experiment  was abandoned after just &lt;strong&gt;few days&lt;/strong&gt;, so obvious it was that it is a wrong way to solve the problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So if you have to do it, and keep the client, you need to &lt;strong&gt;build in-house domain expertise, fast&lt;/strong&gt;: train the testers  with whatever knowledge you already have, triage the issues (so you don't report duplicates), and spread all the bits learned from reported bugs back to testers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2018-01-02T16:02:00.630" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T16:02:00.630" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31321" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31289" CreationDate="2018-01-02T16:08:56.290" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is a typical behavioral interview question, &lt;strong&gt;checking if you have real-life experience in testing under pressure&lt;/strong&gt;, and there are no right or wrong answers. Google for &quot;behavioral interview questions&quot; for more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would describe any situations in my past experience when bugs were detected late in the test cycle, what process we used to evaluate the situation, which options we considered, and what decision was made for which reason.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Key is: &lt;strong&gt;is has to be real experience, not a fake.&lt;/strong&gt; If you try to fake it, with just few follow-up question is would be discovered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Remember that QA cannot &quot;assure&quot; quality. QA reports the status of testing to management, which will make &lt;strong&gt;business&lt;/strong&gt; decisions: postpone release, or release with a known bug.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In your case, &lt;strong&gt;responsibility of QA is to report to management&lt;/strong&gt; (providing the best info available, especially risk/impact from Kate Paulk answer) &lt;strong&gt;and let them make the decisions&lt;/strong&gt;. But if you just say this (without mentioning real war story), they will see you are obviously faking it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2019-03-25T14:25:06.827" LastActivityDate="2019-03-25T14:25:06.827" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31322" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31306" CreationDate="2018-01-02T17:01:14.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've also faced the error with the selenium 2.53.1 version earlier today. After upgrading selenium standalone jar to 3.7.1, the issue is resolved. Can you try this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T17:01:14.563" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31323" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31331" CreationDate="2018-01-02T19:16:37.953" Score="1" ViewCount="129" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to get live data from a website. I select inspect and copy the XPath from where I want the data to import, but I get an #ERROR!. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=IMPORTXML(&quot;https://www.jamstockex.com/market-data/listed-companies/stock-performance/afs/latest&quot;,&quot;//span[@id=&quot;content&quot;]/div[2]/div/div/div/div[1]/div[5]/div[1]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Not sure what I'm doing wrong or how to get the results I desire.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I enter:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;=IMPORTXML(&quot;https://www.jamstockex.com/market-data/listed-companies/stock-performance/afs/latest&quot;,&quot;//tr&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get results, but more data than I want to import.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the screenshot from the website, I want to import from last traded price or the content from last two tables minus titles&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pjSRb.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/pjSRb.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With the attached png is there a way to only import the figures and not the titles?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30086" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T12:39:39.307" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T12:39:39.307" Title="XPath error for Google Sheets" Tags="&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31324" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-02T20:00:11.100" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is it possible to do?  Maybe.  Is it possible to do well?  It depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;First and foremost, you need an oracle, that is, a way to determine what the correct behavior in any given circumstance is.  There have been some references to requirement specifications earlier; that would be a good place to start, but is most likely not enough, as such things usually leave out a lot of implicit requirements.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Next, you need a way to prioritize problems, and prioritize testing.  Otherwise, you risk spending time on things that don’t matter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To give an example, right now, it seems like someone has handed you a black box, and told you to test it.  So the first thing you do is you drop it on the floor, and it explodes.  Is that a bug?  It might be, or it might not be.  Maybe it’s supposed to be a bomb, so exploding is good.  But maybe it’s only supposed to explode when it hits an object with a certain velocity, in which case, you need to validate that requirement.  Without an oracle, you have no way of even starting to test.  Or, maybe you drop it and it explodes, which it shouldn’t, but it’s only ever going to be used underwater, so you need to focus on its interactions with things underwater first.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At the very least, you need to get as much documentation as possible.  Manuals, any prior test cases or test scenarios, design documents, problem databases, and so on.  And that may or may not be enough.  You need to build very close relationships with the developer(s), because you’re going to be annoying them, either by asking questions, or by opening invalid bugs, or both.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Honestly, though, given what you said earlier, that no only do you have no domain knowledge, you have no time, money, or ability to hire anyone, you have a very, very hard path ahead of you.  And I’d make sure the client understands this.  And internally, within your company, you need to discuss if it’s worth the risk of taking on something that’s unlikely to go well, and will require a great deal of investment.  And if the domain knowledge you build on this project could be transferred elsewhere or not, in case the other company changes their mind.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T20:00:11.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31325" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-02T21:10:59.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Tell the client that you lack the expertise to test their product. Seriously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you do not tell them this, you are putting yourself and them at serious risk.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Consider, for example, what impact your question would have if it were submitted into evidence in a court of law.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your profile says you are a conscientious person. Be conscientious now. Tell the client you lack the expertise to test their product.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="117" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T21:10:59.107" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31326" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31317" CreationDate="2018-01-02T21:19:45.173" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Being purely GUI driven with machine vision, Sikuli is always worth a look for situations where app(s) under test don't have readily available hooks, the automation has to migrate between platforms, access VNC's, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However from description of what you need (app A gets data for app B) it is worth noting Sikuli is pretty useless for validating anything past what it sees - basically UX and that's it. If the data passed can be validated in functional UX/UAT type tests, then it can probably work for what you're looking for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good compromise might be to use Sikuli API in Selenium framework.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30089" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T21:19:45.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31327" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29476" CreationDate="2018-01-02T21:29:36.713" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I love automation and what it has done for QA side of things. It ironically outsourced all the offshore testing shops that was industry-craze ten years ago back to onshore. I love push-button sanity checks on releases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I spend about a third of my time debugging my own code anymore as I do on the code I'm allegedly QA for. Who is QA for original QA guy when original QA guy is basically a developer of a side-app bundled into the solution anymore? Industry hasn't figured out org-chart on that yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30089" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T21:29:36.713" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31328" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27729" CreationDate="2018-01-02T22:07:07.700" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There will always be value in manual testing, although the level of value will likely vary based on industry.  My background is in embedded firmware, which is very tightly coupled with hardware.  Most of our QA work is manual, because there are so many things that you just &lt;em&gt;can't&lt;/em&gt; reasonably automate (cabling changes, swapping hardware components, etc).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my experiences, someone who develops useful, high-quality manual tests is much more valuable than an ace coder who can automate anything but misses lots of problems.  You can always work with a more programming-oriented colleague to convert your manual tests into automated tests.  Some companies even formally split QA into two separate groups: one group performs manual tests and generates test plans, and the other takes those test plans and creates automated test scripts (each group doing what they do best in order to achieve the best outcome).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13128" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T22:07:07.700" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31329" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29702" CreationDate="2018-01-02T22:46:07.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a QA Engineer I am in two minds about bug report features. On the one hand, bugs annoy me and I want them resolved. On the other hand, this is not my job, this is the job of the owner of the app and I get paid to QA other software so someone should be paid to QA this software. Also there will be sorting out of the riff-raff of people who don't really know what a bug is or how to write a useful bug report. If you are willing to have people sift through it and write meaningful reports off of what comes in then use them, though these resources may be better placed in testing the app internally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the other part of your question about showing detailed errors I would steer very clear from showing any sort of detail in your error messages and they should definitely not come direct from your logs. The smallest about of info in error messages gives a hacker more to work with. The security of your app should not be reduced to accommodate external testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T22:46:07.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31330" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="22122" CreationDate="2018-01-02T23:19:20.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't use xpath &lt;code&gt;contains(text(), ...)&lt;/code&gt; in html that's structured like yours.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I was able to get around this in a similar problem by moving the text in the html to be placed before the inner html content (in your case, the &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; icon).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span ng-click=&quot;moderatePost(post,'R')&quot; role=&quot;button&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    Reject                       &#xA;    &amp;lt;i class=&quot;icon-delete-cross f-s-20 show-hide&quot;/i&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This should yield you the same results, (CSS can change this!) however, you should now be able to use an xpath selector to find your element again.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="4593" LastActivityDate="2018-01-02T23:19:20.697" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31331" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31323" CreationDate="2018-01-03T00:00:19.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The following xpath will return the ten data columns on that page:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//div[@class='col-md-6']//td&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25766" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T00:00:19.583" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31332" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-03T02:02:09.703" Score="3" Body="&lt;h2&gt;What you can't test&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have literally (literally literally) zero domain knowledge, you cannot test the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You cannot test any product requirements, because you don't know what it is supposed to do, nor can you test any requirements derived from product requirements.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What you can test&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many basic things you can test out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can perform automated penetration testing and app scans to detect any security weaknesses&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can test and validate that deployments complete successfully&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can test any install/uninstall procedure&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can test web apps for browser compatibility (by comparing results between browsers; even if you don't know whether the result is correct you can tell if it is different). Similarly, you can test desktop applications for O/S compatibility, or mobile apps for device compatibility.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You may be able to perform load and stress testing, if you can manage to figure out how to execute a basic flow&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can assess any markup for HTML5 well-formedness&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can assess any pages for WCAG, WAI, or 508 compliance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So there are a lot of things you can test. You just can't test whether the functional behavior is correct :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;h2&gt;What you can &lt;em&gt;sort of&lt;/em&gt; test&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can perform exploratory testing in the role of a naive user, who presumably will have very limited domain knowledge as well, if your end users are expected to be laymen. Think of it as &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;usability testing&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (as opposed to strict functional testing) as the effort will help you and your client understand whether the app's behaviors make sense (are usable) to typical end users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be prepared for a lot of thrash, though, as many behaviors may look like defects but may actually be expected, especially in edge cases, e.g. a user in a locked out state or someone attempting to do something they're not supposed to be doing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21284" LastEditorUserId="21284" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T02:07:38.220" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T02:07:38.220" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31333" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-03T07:57:04.423" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My opinion go with Exploratory Testing  (Testing without any knowledge about the business and the functionality)by try different scenarios. when you begin by this method it will cause some problems like not a bug issues the tester will upload and also more time to understand and gain knowledge for the application. if any help file is found for the application will reduce time and &quot;not a bug&quot; issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T07:57:04.423" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31334" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31289" CreationDate="2018-01-03T08:06:08.927" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on the severity for the issue if it will be critical (stopper) issue , tell the project manager to stop the release till the issue resolved by the developer. if the production can go containing this issue and it will not appear by direct &quot;Happy path&quot; scenario, upload the issue and go on production till developer solve it as soon as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T08:06:08.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31335" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-03T09:41:47.847" Score="-3" ViewCount="204" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to take multiple screenshots and save them in the same Word file as part of my test automation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For Example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have an online book and I want to take screenshot of each page and save each screenshot in a Word file to use the check that the publishing process worked correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30096" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T13:24:00.413" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:22:19.440" Title="How to take and save multiple screenshots in the same Word file" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31336" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-03T11:54:37.430" Score="11" ViewCount="11304" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to AI Driven Testing (AI-DT). I've explored few tools like &lt;strong&gt;testim.io&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;endtest.io.&lt;/strong&gt;  Is any other open source tools are there to achieve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T11:35:50.447" LastActivityDate="2019-06-04T13:11:09.930" Title="AI Driven Testing (AI-DT) open source tools" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;tools&gt;&lt;artificial-intelligence&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31337" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31336" CreationDate="2018-01-03T12:06:17.510" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are several tools for the AI Driven Testing (AI-DT). here is the list of few tool they have some trial version period but not sure about the open source. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Endtest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ghost Inspector&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Testim&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tesabot&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;EvoSuite&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ReTest&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;functionize&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AppDiff&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2018-02-08T17:17:57.223" LastActivityDate="2018-02-08T17:17:57.223" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31338" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-03T12:17:27.110" Score="0" ViewCount="2713" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate Angular 4 using Selenium, Just wanted to check if there are any good frameworks available? This info will give me a good start.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30100" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T14:13:33.467" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:13:33.467" Title="Angular 4 automation using Selenium" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;data-driven&gt;&lt;angular&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31339" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31338" CreationDate="2018-01-03T12:36:11.690" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I used &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.protractortest.org/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Protractor&lt;/a&gt; while developing some automated tests for one of my company's products which was written in AngularJS. It took me a little bit of time to get it set up/ configured properly, but once I'd done that, following the tutorials in detail, it worked very well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Given this was my first experience of using automated testing, I would recommend it as easy to use &amp;amp; understand.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27932" LastEditorUserId="27932" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T12:47:33.790" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T12:47:33.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31341" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31335" CreationDate="2018-01-03T14:22:19.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;To save info to a MS Word file, I would expect you have to use MSFT technologies. Easiest would be VBA - VisualBasic for Applications, internal scripting language for Word. You need to investigate how to make screenshots, or call some external tools from VBA. Which might be complex task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are you sure that you have to create Word text files in automated mode? I would suggest to reconsider: easiest would be to create HTML pages with linked images (using any scripting language, like Python).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another option would be to create OpenOffice text files, I haven't looked but Java should have libraries for that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Yet another option would be to invest time into C#, which is MSFT technology (should have libraries to work with Word) but has also Selenium binding (to automate browser actions).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:22:19.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31342" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31303" CreationDate="2018-01-03T14:25:27.147" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can always create a &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/21339339/771848&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;custom Expected Condition&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to track the element location change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something along these lines:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));&#xA;&#xA;IWebElement personAddress = d.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;window_personaddress_edit&quot;));&#xA;string personAddressLocation = personAddress.Location;&#xA;&#xA;wait.Until&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;((d) =&amp;gt;&#xA;{&#xA;    IWebElement element = d.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;window_personaddress_edit&quot;));&#xA;    string newLocation = element.Location;&#xA;    if (newLocation.X != personAddressLocation.X || newLocation.Y != personAddressLocation.Y)&#xA;    {&#xA;        return element;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    return null;&#xA;});&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where &lt;code&gt;d&lt;/code&gt; is your webdriver instance.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T14:33:09.473" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:33:09.473" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31343" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-03T14:27:01.843" Score="4" ViewCount="397" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently, am doing product testing over past 2 years, we are giving our base product to the clients with their additional requirements for any new clients and also the version patch is updating for all existing clients in the regular interval of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this situation, the Base R&amp;amp;D product having more changes and fixes, it is taking more time to complete the regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We currently doing only manual testing and automation part is being implemented but it is not yet completed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Every time when we are doing regression test it is consuming more time to complete the test, as well it’s bit boring doing the same cycle&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please advise me, how I can reduce the time for regression cycle as well as the new ideas to make the testing very interesting in the short period of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7091" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T15:43:05.430" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T00:39:51.960" Title="Product testing consumes more time for doing regression cycle" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31344" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31276" CreationDate="2018-01-03T14:38:19.870" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;For me test environment is every safe-to-fail environment. Just a mac or a browser is not specific enough - that is where you are using your software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The real question is - where my software has been installed and running. is it on a server or my pc? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:38:19.870" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31345" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31210" CreationDate="2018-01-03T14:42:22.837" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Depends on what kind of tests you need to do. If it is UAT than you will have to leave your nice office and go out on a street.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T14:42:22.837" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31346" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31102" CreationDate="2018-01-03T14:52:26.107" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few years ago I helped to onboard a team member who worked remotely. Two suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;build trust (rookie should feel safe to ask for a help)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;for first few weeks give small assignments (4-12h long) and check on a daily basis (phone or video call) how it is going&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T15:11:28.603" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T15:11:28.603" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31347" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31293" CreationDate="2018-01-03T14:57:26.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I see many good ideas written here already. I would add - ask around maybe you know somebody who is/was using a similar product. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once I had to test book-keeping software and I asked my friend, a book-keeper, what is important in his work. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another great source is Google :) Amazing what you can find there!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastEditorUserId="30078" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T15:36:32.787" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T15:36:32.787" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31348" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31071" CreationDate="2018-01-03T15:02:06.783" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It is time to specialize and create smaller expert teams. Possible scenarios how to do it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;domain knowledge teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;tool knowledge teams&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;testing types knowledge (black-box team &amp;amp; white-box team)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;platform-based team&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would probably start with dividing people into test (people who test the software) and QA (people who prevent defects to appear in a software) teams.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T15:10:32.713" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T15:10:32.713" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31349" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31343" CreationDate="2018-01-03T15:04:51.873" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;A good start would be to review your test cases and prioritize them. The ones that cover the most important functionality aren't always the best choice to automate but they do at least represent the place the company will want you to focus. One cannot test everything and one certainly can't automate all the things.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your company is totally new to test automation it may be worth bringing in a trainer or consultant to lead this work.&#xA;It's a significant investment and it's easy to get it wrong and waste a lot of time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Writing test automation is not like writing applications, performance is less important than accuracy and clarity of code or purpose.&#xA;Avoid complexity, avoid fancy syntax, avoid parallel or threaded operations unless the AOT requires it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You shouldn't try to fix the code or survive errors; it's important to report them with all the details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try to avoid compiled languages for writing tests, they will slow you down compared to interpreted languages that have interactive shells. These can be very powerful ways to do exploratory testing to find the paths through the code; it's then trivial to change them into tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Create a test repository to store the tests and try to create a packaged installer so that you can reduce setup issues.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T15:36:35.297" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T15:36:35.297" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31350" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31029" CreationDate="2018-01-03T15:11:36.003" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess you lost your mojo because you feel that you cannot change anything in the product/company. if you keep finding bugs, but a company keeps ignoring them. Good news: it is 21 century, it is OK to change jobs every 2-3 years. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As long as you are not sure - I suggest you to run small experiments. start using another testing method, try a new communication way, learn a new tool or language, ignite weekly informal meetings around development etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T15:11:36.003" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31351" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31187" CreationDate="2018-01-03T15:18:00.527" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can just get chrome to run as if it's on the iPhone , this is easier than driving the browser on the phone.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/mobile-emulation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/mobile-emulation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This might not be suitable for everything but it's fine for reasonably simple usages and works for other devices not just iPhones.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-10T06:05:06.190" LastActivityDate="2020-07-10T06:05:06.190" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31352" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27379" CreationDate="2018-01-03T15:32:18.527" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Test management tool is a software, right? If we need a new software, what do we do in the industry? We creat list of requirements, we prioritise them, then we evaluate and make a decision. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additional questions to think about:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How many people are in your testing team (&quot;small team&quot; means 2 or 10 people)? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Who else will use your tool, need to have an access to it?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How big is your budget for the tool? Do you have the budget for&#xA;training or you will self-learn?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Who will maintain the tool? A budget for that?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What kind of other tools do you already use? Requirement tool maybe?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;What kind of features should have your TM tool? Only management of test cases and reporting or something more advanced?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastEditorUserId="27047" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T10:51:41.497" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T10:51:41.497" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31353" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31336" CreationDate="2018-01-03T15:42:32.397" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you use Selenium? &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/klaushauschild1984/selenium-toys&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Klaus (ex-colleague)&lt;/a&gt; currently works on a side project in his spare time to extend selenium tests with AI. He is looking for contributors and testers. Maybe you are interested to join him?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-04-20T11:34:03.160" LastActivityDate="2018-04-20T11:34:03.160" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31354" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29148" CreationDate="2018-01-03T16:23:40.450" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use the highlight method of the region class:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;watcher.highlight(5)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The number is time in seconds. &#xA;For more info on the region class visit: &lt;a href=&quot;http://doc.sikuli.org/region.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://doc.sikuli.org/region.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16340" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T16:23:40.450" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31355" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-03T16:30:00.843" Score="2" ViewCount="36" Body="&lt;p&gt;Imagine a product that gives you a webpage with a list of all files in a folder. The list specifies file name and age (6 months old, 1 year old...).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's an automated test that refers the Meter to a canned folder, where file names and age are known. The test has the names and age hardcoded in the test script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, as time moves on, files age and the hardcoded expected age values are no longer correct.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've thought about a few options:&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&#xA; 1. Create a script that changes the metadata of the files to conform with the expected ages, so the test passes.&lt;BR&gt;&#xA; * The obvious problem being that if the age meter is broken and always returning the same values, the test will fail to detect that!&lt;BR&gt;&#xA; * Another problem is that this script will have to track hundreds of files... It will be a lot of boring work to write it!&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;&#xA; 4. Create a script that reads the actual file ages and updates that into a list of parameters that the test reads (it will no longer be hardcoded). The script would log file names and ages recursively, so no need to track the files.&lt;BR&gt; &#xA; * This has the problem that, with time, all files will fall into a certain age group, not testing other age groups.&lt;BR&gt;&#xA; * Also a problem that the test then drills in to a specific file in a specific age group, for validating the further analysis. If that file had moved, the test won't be able to get to it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, the &quot;file age meter&quot; product does extended analysis on the files, trying to find keywords in them (also hardcoded). So, the solution doesn't seem to be: &quot;script that creates random files in a known age group distribution and then test just aggregates the numbers&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14552" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T15:01:02.750" Title="What's the correct testing approach to validate a &quot;file age meter&quot;?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31356" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31355" CreationDate="2018-01-03T16:42:19.763" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would create a test folder where &lt;strong&gt;file name&lt;/strong&gt; matches &lt;strong&gt;file date&lt;/strong&gt;. Then, it is easy (using a script) to check that files returned by date match the desired date (based on the current date, and data arithmetic). Python has very flexible timedelta object, perfect match for this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course every day different files will fell into every age group, but if file names match the file creating dates, you don't have to recreate them again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or if you want to be more fancy: you can create for every test bunch of files with desired &quot;date created/modified&quot;, and wipe them afterwards:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://askubuntu.com/questions/62492/how-can-i-change-the-date-modified-created-of-a-file&quot;&gt;How to change &quot;modified time&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T15:01:02.750" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T15:01:02.750" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31358" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-03T17:37:17.427" Score="1" ViewCount="27" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a system which defines that after 5 minutes of x do y.&#xA;Currently I have system tests (preferably treating the system as black box as possible) which does x for 5 minutes and waits for y.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This of course makes the test very time consuming and multiplying it by many features of the kind or testing features with longer duration (let's say days) makes these kind of testing impractical.&#xA;What is considered the best way to test such features, automatically of course. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8569" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T21:48:43.150" Title="Testing features with specific time definitions" Tags="&lt;system-testing&gt;&lt;timeout&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31360" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31358" CreationDate="2018-01-03T21:41:27.217" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I guess it depends on what exactly you're trying to get out of the test, but if the time element is merely a trigger for a particular behavior you might see if it can be mocked or stubbed out. So instead of waiting for the actual time to elapse, you could call some mock object to return the expected behavior after the time limit is reached without actually having to wait the full time. I'd be interested in hearing what you ultimately do to resolve this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I agree that if it's actually a time dependent test, then you might just have to spend the time. Depending on how often you need to run those long running tests and depending on your framework, you might be able to tag the tests and group them separately from the non-time dependent tests. This way your test suite can be triggered to run the quick tests more often and the slow time-dependent tests less often (in case you're trying to get quick feedback for things like continuous integration).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23511" LastEditorUserId="23511" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T21:48:43.150" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T21:48:43.150" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31361" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-03T21:50:05.853" Score="1" ViewCount="807" Body="&lt;p&gt;The title may not have been worded correctly but basically here is what I am having trouble researching / figuring out:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I have:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A full set of automated tests written in C# Selenium that tests my application&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Team City&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Octopus Deploy&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A linux box&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What I want to achieve:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;I want TeamCity to be able to run some type of continuous integration of the Selenium tests I have written every time a branch has been deployed and/or when new changes have been pushed. If possible (if its even needed), I would like this set up to be hosted on this Linux box i have access to so that I do not have to keep running my automated tests on my machine every time.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Right now our devs have set up in TeamCity a section that runs their own unit tests every time code is pushed. I am not very familiar with TeamCity and I have tried looking at their documentation to see if I could somehow have an independent deployment section just for automated tests that somehow tries to capture branches pushes or code pushes linked to a particular section. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions or solutions to implement something like this? I am NOT bound by only using TeamCity, it is just what is available for me to use.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15060" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T22:12:24.440" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T23:03:26.093" Title="Suggestions to integrate Selenium testing suite into TeamCity or any other CI?" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;continuous-integration&gt;&lt;source-control&gt;&lt;team-city&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31362" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31361" CreationDate="2018-01-03T22:08:28.050" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I haven't used TeamCity (I use Jenkins) but this sounds like a pretty straightforward and common use case for any CI (Continuous Integration) system. Start by learning the basics of TeamCity. Some terminology that might be helpful in your research (note that these are Jenkins terms and may differ slightly for TeamCity):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you want to configure a &lt;strong&gt;job&lt;/strong&gt; to build/run your automated tests, and to set up a &lt;strong&gt;build trigger&lt;/strong&gt; for when a change is pushed in your source control system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Your build &lt;strong&gt;actions&lt;/strong&gt; would likely include a script with whatever commands you would normally type to run your tests. There may also be specific &lt;strong&gt;plugins&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;add-ons&lt;/strong&gt; specific to Selenium but I do know plugins are a big Jenkins thing; they may be less common with TeamCity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, I imagine your TeamCity instance is already running on its own server. To use your Linux box to run the tests, you want to configure it as a &lt;strong&gt;slave&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;build executor&lt;/strong&gt; or &lt;strong&gt;build agent&lt;/strong&gt; and then configure your job to run on that slave/executor/agent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="25505" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-03T22:14:20.463" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T22:14:20.463" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31364" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31361" CreationDate="2018-01-03T23:03:26.093" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Why did you write those automated tests? Do your developers have interest in information your script collects? if yes - great! ask them for help to set the things up. If not, that I would start with the question: are your automated scripts delivering any value?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I used Jenkins as well and this was my way of kicking off:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;create automated scripts&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;push into git repository&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;clone job, which run unit tests on dev machine&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;replace unit test git link with my automated script link&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;change job trigger e.g. every day on 12 a.m.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;start to experiment and learn how it all works &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastActivityDate="2018-01-03T23:03:26.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31365" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-04T00:15:41.223" Score="1" ViewCount="252" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently in my test case I need to write tests to be able to find elements of the customized variety made using web components, example of the html code is below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;head&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/head&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;body class&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;customtag1 id=&quot;app&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;customtag2 id=&quot;app2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;div id=&quot;divid&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;           &amp;lt;customtag3 class=&quot;current icon&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;              &quot;Text here&quot;&#xA;           &amp;lt;/customtag3&amp;gt;&#xA;         &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;      &amp;lt;/customtag2&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/customtag1&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now for my selenium test, I have written as follows, written using mocha:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;  test.it('test', function() {    &#xA;    return driver.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;customtag1&quot;)).then(function(cus1){&#xA;        cus1.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;customtag2&quot;)).then(function(cus2){&#xA;            cus2.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;#divid&quot;)).then(function(div){&#xA;                    div.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;customtag3 &quot;)).getText();&#xA;       })&#xA;     })&#xA;  })&#xA;})&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However it seems to have trouble finding any element but the first tag, after the first tag returns the promise object, it can not find the web element customtag2, or any remaining elements. Is there another way of doing it? Or what am I doing wrong here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30115" LastEditorUserId="30115" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T04:15:27.637" LastActivityDate="2018-10-01T08:01:36.600" Title="Use selenium webdriver with customized web tags made with web components" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31366" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-04T00:46:32.857" Score="4" ViewCount="582" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been a manual QA tester for ~3 years and my company is starting to take steps towards automated testing. We haven't decided on a language yet (though we will almost definitely be using Selenium); the other QA on my team has a Java background, but the devs all use Javascript so I think my manager is leaning towards using Javascript for our automated testing. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of which language we land on, I really want to up my technical skills and I've been trying self-education (for years now, on and off) to no avail. The brutal truth is, I'm just not very good at keeping myself motivated; so I've decided to start looking into bootcamps because I'm fairly certain I'll do a lot better learning by physically being in a room with an educator and having a structure to motivate me to stay on track. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, the internet is far more saturated with bootcamps for software development and not so much for QA-centric education, so I've been starting to seriously consider doing a part-time coding bootcamp.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On one hand, I think it could be beneficial to learn programming from a development standpoint, because then I would have the language knowledge and I would have an understanding of how my devs think.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On the other hand, is that veering too far away? Where I'm standing right now, I think I'm still more interested in being a QA engineer rather than becoming a developer. With that in mind, should I really just forego development-centric education and just- find QA-centric education OR buckle down and learn whichever language my team chooses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29549" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T01:26:07.483" Title="Manual Tester wanting to learn programming- Coding Bootcamp Y/N?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;self-education&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31367" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31365" CreationDate="2018-01-04T00:47:23.727" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suspect that&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cus1.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;#customtag2&quot;)).then(function(cus2){&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;should be&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cus1.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;customtag2&quot;)).then(function(cus2){&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;because &lt;code&gt;customtag&lt;/code&gt; is an element, not an elements id.  The id is &lt;code&gt;#app2&lt;/code&gt; so that could be used, i.e.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;cus1.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;#app2&quot;)).then(function(cus2){&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T00:47:23.727" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31368" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31366" CreationDate="2018-01-04T00:55:49.010" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;My recommendation is that to be a good QA engineer you will need to be a good engineer generally and will also benefit greatly from being a good programmer.  If you want to get into automation then that is also about writing code and as test suites grow all the techniques needed to make application code bases readable and maintainable also start to become critical for test suite codebases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T20:29:04.477" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T20:29:04.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31369" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31343" CreationDate="2018-01-04T03:16:26.083" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;From your context I assume your system is quite big and complicated. Now you are running in circle, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;a lot of test to do -&gt; no time to do automate test -&gt; no test execution effort reduced -&gt; a lot of test to do ... on and on and on&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. If you don't push something back, break it, or do anything different, you will be in stuck in this loop forever.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a few approaches from me:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prioritize the test cases / testing tasks&lt;/strong&gt; You might find and be able to push back some unnecessary, low-priority test cases or task. You might skip it for some platform/client or run only one time to ensure it works rather than run it for every clients.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Find the big time-consuming test cases / testing tasks&lt;/strong&gt; together with the first point, if you lucky enough, you might find the low-priority test cases or testing task that the big time-consuming. Then it could reduce the testing effort. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do the automation&lt;/strong&gt; I know you mentioned &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;but now the automation door is closed. We currently doing only manual testing and automation part is being implemented but it is not yet completed... &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However automation in my meaning is not fully regression framework with fancy CI flow and beautiful report. My automation means any tool, any simple script/program that help you execution test faster.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example; If you need to verify a thousands of records, let's create a simple script to query and validate it for you. If you need to verify a thousands of service request/response, let's using a tool such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.getpostman.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Postman&lt;/a&gt; to validate it for you. If you need to verify a number of UI functionality, let's create a simple Selenium IDE record and playback to do it for you.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With all my approaches above I hope you find a critical area that you could find a low-priority big-time-consuming that you could apply any automation to have a great reduce your testing time. But not just happy and live with it. Invest this saving time back to automation to make your future better for software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="3126" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T03:16:26.083" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31371" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31366" CreationDate="2018-01-04T03:51:44.813" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As a QA engineer who also does automated testing, I feel that knowing basic development concepts can only help you. Even if you don't stray very far into actual dev work or domain knowledge to turn the code you're testing into whitebox testing, knowing some basics in coding can help you if you need to create a script or build on an existing library/framework to automate tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your company hasn't picked a language yet, you can still learn some development principles by just finding courses in generic object oriented programming or functional programming. Try to find either a language agnostic book or a general purpose language you are interested in. There's two main styles of programming: object oriented and functional (there's also procedural, but I don't think that's used much except for basic scripts). I'm not a dev, so maybe there are more both those two are kind of the main ones I've heard in industry.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually, your first language is the hardest to learn because you're trying to learn the concepts and the language. Once you're proficient in your first language, other languages tend to be easier to learn since the principles tend to be pretty similar and the main differences are the syntax and how much boilerplate is needed for particular tasks in the language. So if you learn Java, it's probably not going to be too difficult to pick up Ruby or Python or Groovy. If you're going from object oriented language to functional language (or vice versa) then it'll be a little harder because the paradigms and program designs will be different.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I've never tried bootcamps so I can't speak much about how that experience is. I've learned programming on my own through books and trial and error. If you are interested in learning to program, and you feel bootcamps will keep you motivated, I'd say go ahead and do it even if it's not QA-centric. From my experience, coding for development work vs coding for automated testing isn't all that different. You still want to have good designs in your automation framework, you want things modularized so that a change in one part of the program doesn't ripple through a bunch of other files. You still want the code to be as reusable as possible, and while automated tests doesn't usually have to be high performance you still want to have it as efficient as you can reasonably make it so you can have fast turn around on your test runs (for continuous integration if you're doing that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Chances are you'll probably want to choose a pretty high level language so that there's less boilerplate you need to code to do basic things. Java tends to be pretty verbose, but other languages tend to be more geared towards scripting and testing. I hear Python is a good all purpose high level language that can be used for testing. I use Groovy because the code I test is Java based, and Groovy is like Java but with less boilerplate and still runs on the JVM. At a previous company I used Ruby.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There was a book I saw once called &quot;7 languages in 7 weeks&quot;. You might want to check that out and get a flavor for some of the different languages and which appeals to you. You can also check out &lt;a href=&quot;https://learnxinyminutes.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://learnxinyminutes.com/&lt;/a&gt; which has a list of many languages and shows you how to do a lot of the basic things in those languages. Very nice language tours. Best of luck to you!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23511" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T03:51:44.813" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31372" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31365" CreationDate="2018-01-04T04:43:17.240" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no need to resolve the results of &lt;code&gt;findElement()&lt;/code&gt; command - you can chain the &lt;code&gt;findElement&lt;/code&gt; commands one by one:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var customtag1 = driver.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;customtag1&quot;));&#xA;var customtag2 = customtag1.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;customtag2&quot;));&#xA;var div = customtag2.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;#divid&quot;));&#xA;var customtag3 = div.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;customtag3&quot;))&#xA;customtag3.getText().then(console.log);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Or, just reach &lt;code&gt;customtag3&lt;/code&gt; directly if intermediate elements are not needed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var customtag3 = driver.findElement(webdriver.By.css(&quot;customtag1 &amp;gt; customtag2 &amp;gt; #divid &amp;gt; customtag3&quot;));&#xA;customtag3.getText().then(console.log);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; means the direct parent-child relationship. &lt;code&gt;.then(console.log)&lt;/code&gt; is a short way to do &lt;code&gt;.then(function (text) { console.log(text); });&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T04:43:17.240" CommentCount="7" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31373" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-04T05:46:10.857" Score="0" ViewCount="494" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating few test cases on a webpage, but the problem is when this page opens it takes 10-15 seconds to come to ready state. So when I call webDriver.get() method, it waits until page state becomes ready and doesn't perform next action on a link which was available 10 seconds earlier.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can anyone suggest how to avoid this wait which is inside webdriver's get function so that after calling get() methods I can add my explicit wait until the element appears (which generally appears in 1-2 seconds) and can move to next steps since I don't bother about the ready state of my current page.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11518" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T15:55:14.817" Title="How can we move to next action immediately after calling webDriver.get() method without waiting for page to change to ready state" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;timeout&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31374" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30185" CreationDate="2018-01-04T05:52:34.173" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest to do the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;schema verification of the response body (specially when the schema is being changed a lot or the routes are new); along with this you may want to test the requiredness of the fields you have for your payload&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;the expected response body &amp;amp; status verification (of course)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;from my perspective, its good to cover positive tests first then add negative test scenarios (such as 400s, 401s, 404s, etc.). also ensure that each controllers have one file each&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30116" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T05:52:34.173" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31377" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="26392" CreationDate="2018-01-04T06:21:20.373" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here is how found a workaround for this problem,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;save the random challenge send by the server in Jmeter&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Process the random challenge at Jmeter by JavaScript / Bean Shell Scripting / by sending parameters to jar file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Send the processed request to server&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;server will set all the cookies &amp;amp; session at JMeter &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="10782" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T06:21:20.373" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31378" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31373" CreationDate="2018-01-04T09:15:54.777" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;For &lt;code&gt;get()&lt;/code&gt; function the sequence will complete first action(open webpage) and wait till page is ready and if the next action is ready, for example element is present and no use for explicit wait or sleep , it will go for it directly and so on &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Try : &lt;code&gt;driver.navigate().gotourl(&quot;URL&quot;)&lt;/code&gt; , also it allow some features like forward, back&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T12:55:45.060" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T12:55:45.060" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31379" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31259" CreationDate="2018-01-04T11:10:01.337" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Problem might be that you are using only ID to check the element. This is in most cases the best and ultimate way of finding element. Nonetheless, in your case you are not using the whole ID, so there might be more elements meeting that condition. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In this case you can do one of these: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Rely on the text (or some other attribute – for example find bigger element using size) as MivaScott and Vishal Aggarwal suggested.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Check parent WebElement from the selected one (using &quot;..&quot; in xpath). This may differ in element you are trying to reach and element that is causing you this trouble.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do not use ID, but rather use identifier of parent element and then select the element you want to use from this element.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't understand the &quot;hateful&quot; comments about XPATH. XPATH used in OP's example is not some crazy XPATH (where &quot;hateful&quot; comments would apply), it is just xpath containing ID (In my opinion, using xpath for &quot;contains&quot; or &quot;startswith&quot; when dealing with IDs is in many cases a good thing).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30122" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T15:27:17.703" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T15:27:17.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31381" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29802" CreationDate="2018-01-04T11:52:08.510" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In true javascript style , the support for this is delayed because of switch to another underlying library , in this case jasmine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is a -t option here (or --testNamePattern ) which takes a regex that matches on the text. If you ran &lt;code&gt;jest -t dashboard&lt;/code&gt; you might have more luck.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/en/cli.html#testnamepattern-regex&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/en/cli.html#testnamepattern-regex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T11:52:08.510" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31382" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31343" CreationDate="2018-01-04T12:13:07.387" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Write automation by following the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test pyramid&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Get your developers involved in unit tests and cover the service/API/UI tests in QA to get the best mileage in short time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-06-11T00:39:51.960" LastActivityDate="2018-06-11T00:39:51.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31383" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6427" CreationDate="2018-01-04T12:14:49.607" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You should be able to find a lot of information in the /proc filesystem for this. The advantage here is that it accessing it will create the most minimal cpu load compared to top or other monitoring tools. If you are attempting to use top and measuring on a per user basis you will include around a 1% overhead for just running top.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/proc/$PID/status - has most of the info you need in a single file&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/proc/$PID/uid_map - the uid this process runs as &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/proc/$PID/task  - children of this process&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;/proc/$PID/io - read and write stats&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could then scp the files of the box periodically and then analyse after the test.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This answer from askubuntu shows several methods for seing just a users cpu load &lt;a href=&quot;https://askubuntu.com/questions/808052/cpu-usage-per-user&quot;&gt;https://askubuntu.com/questions/808052/cpu-usage-per-user&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T12:14:49.607" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31384" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31343" CreationDate="2018-01-04T12:40:26.810" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are various test cases to be designed and executed at a certain level in the complete software testing lifecycle. Based on the importance and requirements of a particular application, the priorities need to be set for sanity tests, integration tests and a complete set of regression test cases.&#xA;Whenever there are new changes, the existing regression test suites might require modification in adding, editing or removing the existing test cases. All these need to be done within the time allocated for the regression testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Entry/exit criteria can be implemented in regression testing as well. For entry criteria, a fixed set of conditions like reviewing bugs &amp;amp; regression tests based on those bugs, etc. need to be met in order to initiate the testing. And, for exit criteria, a fixed set of conditions like checking all tests are executed, no bugs remained unfixed, etc. need to be met to conclude the testing process.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A great way to maintain the effectiveness of the regression test suite is to have a good tracking mechanism between the features that are developed and the tests that are added in order to validate for future usability. This should be a consistent activity as it would help test manager verify the feature checklist and validate the test coverage for a feature that is being developed in the release.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another technique that I came across during my &lt;a href=&quot;http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5306347/?reload=true&amp;amp;arnumber=5306347&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;research&lt;/a&gt; on reducing the time for regression testing was &lt;strong&gt;reduce, reuse, recycle&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;recover&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reduce&lt;/strong&gt; the regression testing time by creating effective regression test suites that test the changed part of the software, by identifying test cases in the regression test suite that do not need to be rerun on the changed software, and by identifying and removing obsolete test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reuse&lt;/strong&gt; test suites created for one version of the software by identifying those test cases that need to be rerun for testing subsequent versions of the software and by computing an effective ordering for running the test cases.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recycle&lt;/strong&gt; test cases by monitoring executions to gather test inputs that can be used for retest-ing and by creating unit test cases from system test cases. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Recover&lt;/strong&gt; test cases by identifying, manipulating, and transforming obsolete test cases, by generating new test cases from old ones, and by repairing test cases when the software changes&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19117" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T12:40:26.810" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31385" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27898" CreationDate="2018-01-04T12:58:19.620" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The � that you see in your CSV file is due to you saving the file in one encoding and reading it in another. Always read/write the files in the correct encoding. &#xA;You can decide on a particular encoding (UTF-8 should suffice mostly) and then use the same across all of your text editors, IDEs, Selenium IDE &amp;amp; spreadsheet programs.&#xA;You can achieve this by using 'Reopen with encoding' option that is available in most programs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Solution: &#xA;In Selenium IDE options, specify the selected encoding in 'Encoding of test files' field and this should solve your problem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7380" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T12:58:19.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31386" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-04T13:31:25.520" Score="-1" ViewCount="262" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep(1000);&#xA;WebElement NetReceivable=wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/form/table[2]/tbody/tr[2]/td/table[2]/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr[19]/td[2]&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;String NetReceivableamt=NetReceivable.getText();&#xA;System.out.println(&quot;NetReceivable amount::&quot;+NetReceivableamt); //working fine till here&#xA;&#xA;Double NetReceivableamtint = Double.parseDouble(NetReceivableamt);&#xA;                        System.out.println(&quot;NetReceivableamtint::&quot;+NetReceivableamtint);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** below error getting while parsing it to double**  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: &quot;196,003.20&quot;&#xA;                            at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(Unknown Source)&#xA;                            at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.parseDouble(Unknown Source)&#xA;                            at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Unknown Source)&#xA;                            at com.Test.Loan_Termination.Loan_Processing(Loan_Termination.java:431)&#xA;                            at com.Test.App.main(App.java:96)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21182" LastEditorUserId="30095" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T14:23:38.760" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T08:40:32.673" Title="Error while parsing String value into Double" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;string&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-01-15T08:41:29.510" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31387" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31386" CreationDate="2018-01-04T13:48:00.210" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your number is not in the correct double format. Use the &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/text/DecimalFormat.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;DecimalFormat&lt;/a&gt; to parse it:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat();&#xA;    DecimalFormatSymbols symbols = new DecimalFormatSymbols();&#xA;    symbols.setDecimalSeparator('.');&#xA;    symbols.setGroupingSeparator(',');&#xA;    df.setDecimalFormatSymbols(symbols);&#xA;    Double NetReceivableamtint = df.parse(NetReceivableamt);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also take care of the Java naming convention. Variable names should start with lower case caracters&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30095" LastEditorUserId="30095" LastEditDate="2018-01-08T08:40:32.673" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T08:40:32.673" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31388" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31373" CreationDate="2018-01-04T14:02:19.037" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try setting the PageLoadStrategy capability to none when you create your driver instance, I use this when using Chrome to get around the issue where it times out after 30 seconds.  Sometimes the page has not completely loaded but elements are there etc but the page is not in a ready state so it just sits there and does nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6074" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T14:02:19.037" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31389" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31366" CreationDate="2018-01-04T15:24:41.103" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automation tester is a programmer&lt;/strong&gt; (&quot;Software Development Engineer in Test&quot;), the only difference is that &quot;core developers&quot; are programming the main application business wants, while automation testers are developing automated tests to test it. In all other aspects, it is just another programming position.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cannot get yourself motivated to learn programming: Sorry to break the bad news for you, but you need to &lt;strong&gt;consider if being a programmer&lt;/strong&gt; (whether in test automation, or in any other way) is &lt;strong&gt;a good career fit for your personality&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Programming is not for everybody&lt;/strong&gt;, and people who do it have certain personality traits. Like love of solving complicated logical puzzles (and being able to keep at it after long frustrating failures), constantly learning new technologies, being able to build in your mind complicated mental models, and maintain/remember them. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is nothing wrong if you don't have such personality, but without it, you would hate your job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is &lt;strong&gt;nothing wrong to be a manual tester&lt;/strong&gt;. Instead of programming, you may consider skill less relying on programming, like &lt;strong&gt;system administration of the tools used to track bugs&lt;/strong&gt;. Learning how to configure/usee tools where you have more immediate feedback when you change configuration: Jenkins, Jira, wiki for technical docs, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will still need to learn &lt;strong&gt;some&lt;/strong&gt; programming, but your programs would be much smaller: just a custom tools to manage separate steps when processing your data. Best language for such tools is Python, which is also widely considered as best first language to learn programming. There are plenty of free online courses to start. Next step would be Linux and bash.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T15:24:41.103" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31390" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27173" CreationDate="2018-01-04T15:44:56.180" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Though this is old question, I thought of answering it as I am involved with WebRTC load testing tool development. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am working with load multiplier (supports WebRTC load testing in addition to others), so I may be bit biased.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As I understand, you have a WebRTC server. Currently you are testing using multiple browsers. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are looking for open source tools you can look at RestComm or Telestax. Personally I have not used these so I can not comment much on these.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Using load multiplier, you can simulate WebRTC clients (tens of thousands of clients). You can configure for any signalling like SIP over Websocket, JSON over Websocket (one of the preferred way), HTTP/S with JSON body (Janus video demo) or any proprietary text / binary messages etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally in WebRTC, ICE (various modes like lite, stun, turn etc), is used to make sure both endpoints are reachable (either end to end or through a turn server). So you can configure ICE details as well. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For media security, typically in most of the cases SRTP / DTLS is used. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then for audio OPUS, and for video VP8 is used (most preferred ones there).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you really see, WebRTC call is a resource consuming activity. And if you have hundreds of browser instances to have hundred of WebRTC calls, obviously it will consume more resource, which you have already experienced.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Tools like Load Multiplier, simulate large number of WebRTC clients without bringing up browsers. Load Multiplier uses C / C++ backend to simulate WebRTC clients, and is designed for high scalability. However the front end interface for configuration, test case development, status view, graphs etc is web interface, and you need to bringup only 1 instance of browser (it is negligible from resource usage point of view).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may like to refer &lt;a href=&quot;https://loadmultiplier.com/webrtc-load-testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; for more details.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this will help you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30128" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T15:44:56.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31391" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-04T16:04:07.447" Score="0" ViewCount="900" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can anyone please help me with Approach to validate the Search Results in e-commerce website? Suppose I entered any keyword in the search bar and N number of records is displayed post clicking search button. Now if I need to validate all the items displayed in the search result what should be the approach? Do I need to reiterate all the items and then compare each string with Expected output? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30129" LastActivityDate="2018-03-07T22:34:44.987" Title="E-commerce Website - Best Approach to validate the Search Results through Selenium Webdriver" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31392" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27173" CreationDate="2018-01-04T16:30:11.800" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use load generators in the cloud. Some tool manufacturers (like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.neotys.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Neotys&lt;/a&gt; from NeoLoad) but also other partys offer the possibility of hiring load generators in the cloud. Then you only have a controller local and you only have network traffic from controller to load generators. That is a lot less than if you had the load generators on your own network.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T16:30:11.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31393" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31391" CreationDate="2018-01-04T16:56:04.170" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;What are you trying to &quot;validate&quot;? The HTML output, or the data structure itself? You mentioned Selenium, but usually driving a browser is the slowest way to test something. I'm a WordPress developer, so the best tool for my e-commerce sites is Codeception. In Codeception you could test this in at least two basic ways:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acceptance Test&lt;/strong&gt; - You could use Selenium webdriver, but I'd recommend PhantomJS, because it is a lot faster. This method would involve driving the browser [or the virtual browser], and confirming the site is doing what you expect it to do.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Test&lt;/strong&gt; - Assuming that you understand how the platform you're coding for works, at some point in the stack there is some kind of class that can return what you're looking for as a testable object. Usually unit testing is exponentially faster than acceptance testing, since you only test the absolute smallest thing you can think of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These two approaches might be associated with Behavior Driven Development and Test Driven Development. BDD is often thought of as an &quot;outside in&quot; methodology, which lends itself to browser based acceptance tests. TDD is usually incremental and small, and unit focused. It's faster, but lacks context.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There isn't a right way. My experience is that browser based testing is easier to understand, because you already know how to use a browser. As you gain experience, you'll drive the screws down deeper, and API and unit testing will be the way to go.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29973" LastEditorUserId="29973" LastEditDate="2018-01-04T23:52:33.737" LastActivityDate="2018-01-04T23:52:33.737" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31395" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31366" CreationDate="2018-01-04T21:30:57.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Go Slow and Steady.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What about learning to do a string reverse in JavaScript TODAY? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then tomorrow reversing the words in a sentence and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Pick one small programming problem  daily for the rest of&#xA;  your life.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Try it.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-01-07T01:26:07.483" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T01:26:07.483" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31396" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31304" CreationDate="2018-01-05T06:11:45.523" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deviation from normal workflow&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA; - This might positively happen when the application needs other elements in the flow without disturbing the major functionality &lt;em&gt;(obviously if client approves)&lt;/em&gt;&#xA; - Deviation from normal workflow is not necessarily the bug in application&#xA; - Ex., Normal Workflow: User gets acknowledgment SMS on application submission. &#xA;        Deviated one: User gets acknowledgment SMS and email notification on account submission. &lt;em&gt;This is not issue but still normal flow is deviated&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unexpected results&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA; - This happens when anticipated result/the one in srs doc is not happening&#xA; - Depending on the degree of deviation from SRS and it's effect in other uis/functionality, this is either accepted positively &lt;em&gt;(again with client approval)&lt;/em&gt; or considered as an issue&#xA; - Ex., When you expect the result of calculation to be blank but you get as 'undefined' which might be correct or incorrect depending on the effect of that calculated result in application&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Incorrect results&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA; - Incorrect results are always the issue in application&#xA; - Small or big, defects are logged and normal bug cycle happens&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30099" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T06:11:45.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31399" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31391" CreationDate="2018-01-05T08:52:46.480" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have some experience with e-commerce and search. At first, we also wanted to automate search results on GUI level, but after some analysis, we found out that it is not delivering information what we need. We had daily releases on PROD, our customer changed products frequently (nightly import), no point to test search results on the TEST-machine and not business friendly to maintain fake products on PROD. At the end, we built checks for indexing job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T08:52:46.480" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31400" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31366" CreationDate="2018-01-05T09:04:25.267" Score="0" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the brutal truth is, only a few people are good at keeping themselves motivated. Usually, we see them afterwards giving workshops or talks about the topic they kept them motivated. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;are you familiar with &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ministryoftesting.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.ministryoftesting.com&lt;/a&gt; and trainings they offer? There are online masterclasses time to time which are free and then there is TheDojo with free and premium version. TestBash conferences have usually workshop day. For example like this: &lt;a href=&quot;https://dojo.ministryoftesting.com/events/testbash-netherlands-2018&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://dojo.ministryoftesting.com/events/testbash-netherlands-2018&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30078" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T09:04:25.267" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31401" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29500" CreationDate="2018-01-05T09:04:50.503" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;As a rule of thumb we follow is to provide sufficient information with&#xA;  screenshots to reproduce issues without &lt;em&gt;assuming&lt;/em&gt; anything on the&#xA;  developer part.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes we are asked for additional info where we provide either video or show it live on &lt;em&gt;QA&lt;/em&gt; environment to the developer/team however system internal states needs to be deducted by developer only.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T09:04:50.503" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31403" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31411" CreationDate="2018-01-05T11:17:59.910" Score="0" ViewCount="1276" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to integrate Selenium into our test suite for one of our projects. I've been using the Katalon Studio and plug in for Firefox. It all works well in these tools - However when I export the test code into .net the test runs too quickly and soon falls over (we have a lot of ajax loading so the form takes time to appear/the element is invisible). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We would rather that the test took longer to execute than have to put in a lot of time so we want to make the driver delay between each action by 2 seconds (this is a setting available in Katelon Studio), we haven't been able to work out how to set this without adding thread.sleeps all over the place.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Has anyone done this before?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30145" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T15:26:28.850" Title="Selenium Delay Between Actions in c#" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31404" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-05T11:52:19.120" Score="1" ViewCount="537" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using the concept of the simple controller.&#xA;1. I have created an SC &quot;X&quot; in which, using multiple HTTP requests.&#xA;2. Created another SC &quot;Y&quot; in which, using multiple HTTP requests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After running these two SC, I want to run SC &quot;X&quot; requests again, before another SC &quot;Z&quot;.But don't want to create another SC to perform the task of SC &quot;X&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please Suggest in this.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28008" LastActivityDate="2019-04-30T18:06:26.333" Title="How to run a HTTP request again, in between of other multiple requests" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31405" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31404" CreationDate="2018-01-05T12:31:24.603" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Module_Controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Module Controller&lt;/a&gt; where do you want to execute your &lt;code&gt;SC &quot;X&quot;&lt;/code&gt; and configure it to run &lt;code&gt;SC &quot;X&quot;&lt;/code&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Umlvc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/Umlvc.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Module Controller&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you run your test the Module Controller will execute &lt;code&gt;SC &quot;X&quot;&lt;/code&gt; (including all children)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BkjW0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/BkjW0.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Module Controller&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/easily-write-a-goto-statement-in-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Easily Write a GOTO Statement in JMeter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T12:31:24.603" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31406" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-05T12:33:57.970" Score="0" ViewCount="57" Body="&lt;p&gt;Is there any possibility to fetch a unique value from one page and search the same unique number in the other page?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Workflow:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1.Entering details in a webpage (while entering the details, a unique number is generated in UI).&#xA; 2.Navigate to other page and enter the generated unique number in a search box.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using selenium webdriver with cucumber tool for my test automation&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30132" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-01-05T12:46:45.533" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T08:49:14.340" Title="How to retrieve a variable from one page and pass the same in another page" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;cucumber&gt;&lt;page-factory&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31408" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31406" CreationDate="2018-01-05T12:53:40.177" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It's possible.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Depending on the language and implementation of cucumber you're using, how you do it will vary, but assuming the process you're looking at is all inside one test, it will go something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter details into the page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Read the unique number from the page (it should be stored in a local variable of some flavor)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Go to the next page&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Enter the number in the local variable into the search field&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Continue your test.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, this kind of workflow is getting rather complicated for UI level testing. Personally, since this seems to be a case of creating a record then searching for that record, I'd look at taking a different approach:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test 1 - create the record and verify that a new unique identifier is generated.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test 2 - search for an existing record with a known identifier and verify that you get the expected result.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To use this structure you will need to be sure you have a database that you control, but it makes for simpler - and therefore less fragile - tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T12:53:40.177" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31409" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27193" CreationDate="2018-01-05T13:08:39.987" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You forgot to connect to the channel, e.g.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;channel.connect();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then you need to read the response. There is an example at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/examples/Exec.java.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/examples/Exec.java.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;InputStream in=channel.getInputStream();&#xA;&#xA;byte[] tmp=new byte[1024];&#xA;while(true){&#xA;  while(in.available()&amp;gt;0){&#xA;    int i=in.read(tmp, 0, 1024);&#xA;    if(i&amp;lt;0)break;&#xA;    System.out.print(new String(tmp, 0, i));&#xA;  }&#xA;  if(channel.isClosed()){&#xA;    if(in.available()&amp;gt;0) continue; &#xA;    System.out.println(&quot;exit-status: &quot;+channel.getExitStatus());&#xA;    break;&#xA;  }&#xA;  try{Thread.sleep(1000);}catch(Exception ee){}&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30148" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T13:08:39.987" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31410" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31454" CreationDate="2018-01-05T15:02:31.343" Score="1" ViewCount="3447" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have read a lots of guides over internet. Though I am still but stuck in this issue.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;I have created a Class Library (.NET Framework)&lt;/strong&gt; &#xA;&lt;br&gt;project called &lt;strong&gt;JuiceShopAutomation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;where I have installed following Nuget packages:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Selenium.WebdDriver (v3.8.0)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;Selenium.Support (v3.8.0)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;Selenium.Chrome.WebDriver (v2.33.0)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;Selenium.Firefox.WebDriver (v0.19.1)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;Selenium.WebDriver.IEDriver  (v3.8.0)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;MSTest.TestFramework (v1.2.0)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&#xA;MSTest.TestAdapter(v1.2.0)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have also added following code to &lt;strong&gt;Class1.CS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;&#xA;using OpenQA.Selenium;&#xA;&#xA;namespace JuiceShopAutomation&#xA;{&#xA;    public class Class1&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;        public void Go()&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            FirefoxDriverService service = FirefoxDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@&quot;C:\WebDriver&quot;, &quot;geckodriver.exe&quot;);   &#xA;            service.FirefoxBinaryPath = @&quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe&quot;;&#xA;            IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(service);&#xA;&#xA;            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;http://www.google.com&quot;);&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also have added another project to my solution, a new &lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Unit Test Project (.NET Framework)&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br&gt;called &lt;em&gt;&quot;JuiceshopTests&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;For &lt;em&gt;JuiceShopTests&lt;/em&gt; I add the reference Project&gt;Juiceshop Automation where all things are installed.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c1ToJ.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/c1ToJ.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To the new Unit test project I add following code into the file &lt;strong&gt;UnitTest1.cs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;using System;&#xA;using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;&#xA;using JuiceshopAutomation;&#xA;&#xA;namespace JuiceshopTests&#xA;{&#xA;    [TestClass]&#xA;    public class UnitTest1&#xA;    {&#xA;        [TestMethod]&#xA;        public void TestMethod1()&#xA;        {&#xA;&#xA;            var c = new Class1();&#xA;&#xA;            c.Go();&#xA;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then when I run the unit test it fails and throws the below error:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Test Name:  TestMethod1&#xA;Test FullName:  JuiceShopTests.UnitTest1.TestMethod1&#xA;Test Source:    C:\Users\XXXXXX\source\repos\Creating an Automated Framework With Selenium\JuiceShopAutomation\JuiceShopTests\UnitTest1.cs : line 12&#xA;Test Outcome:   Failed&#xA;Test Duration:  0:01:01,3130361&#xA;&#xA;Result StackTrace:  &#xA;at System.Net.HttpWebRequest.GetResponse()&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.MakeHttpRequest(HttpRequestInfo requestInfo)&#xA;--- End of inner exception stack trace ---&#xA;    at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.MakeHttpRequest(HttpRequestInfo requestInfo)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.HttpCommandExecutor.Execute(Command commandToExecute)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.DriverServiceCommandExecutor.Execute(Command commandToExecute)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.Execute(String driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver.StartSession(ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.RemoteWebDriver..ctor(ICommandExecutor commandExecutor, ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)&#xA;   at OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox.FirefoxDriver..ctor(FirefoxDriverService service)&#xA;   at JuiceShopAutomation.Class1.Go() in C:\Users\XXXXXX\source\repos\Creating an Automated Framework With Selenium\JuiceShopAutomation\JuiceShopAutomation\Class1.cs:line 20&#xA;   at JuiceShopTests.UnitTest1.TestMethod1() in C:\Users\XXXXXX\source\repos\Creating an Automated Framework With Selenium\JuiceShopAutomation\JuiceShopTests\UnitTest1.cs:line 16&#xA;Result Message: &#xA;Test method JuiceShopTests.UnitTest1.TestMethod1 threw exception: &#xA;OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException: The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server for URL http://localhost:60378/session timed out after 60 seconds. ---&amp;gt; System.Net.WebException: The request was aborted: The operation has timed out.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone help me out?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28839" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-08T07:25:20.990" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T17:01:20.367" Title="The HTTP request to the remote WebDriver server for URL" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;.net&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31411" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31403" CreationDate="2018-01-05T15:26:28.850" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you want reliable tests, you're going to have to write at least some of the code by hand. Test cases generated by the Firefox plugin are simply too fickle to be of much use. However, they can provide a decent starting point so that you don't have to write all of the code from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As an example, you say you want to add a static delay of 2 seconds between each action. What happens if the ajax on the page takes 2001 ms? Does that mean the test should fail? What if there is some latency issue between the machine running the test and the web server and one action takes a bit longer than usual? &lt;em&gt;How much time will be spent verifying whether each failed test was truly a failure, and, if it wasn't, re-running the test to assure that the next pass is successful&lt;/em&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Just like any other software project, an automated test suite accumulates technical debt. Trying to build a Selenium test suite solely from tests generated by the Firefox plugin (or any other test generation tool) will result in the following negative consequences:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Unreliable/flaky tests, as described above&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Tests that break if even the slightest changes are made to the HTML of the application under test&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Higher cost of test maintenance&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There may be others as well, depending on your organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The primary benefit of using a test generation tool:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A set of basic test cases can be created quickly and easily, so some benefit can be observed early in the process without much overhead&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question each team must ask is whether the pros outweigh the cons. In the short term, it may be beneficial to use the Firefox plugin to generate your tests, but if your team is already encountering problems of the nature you describe, it could spell trouble down the road.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If nobody on your team has enough programming knowledge to write test cases from scratch, it may be a good idea to request personnel who can help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T15:26:28.850" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31412" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31373" CreationDate="2018-01-05T15:55:14.817" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can try simulating the browser stop action that a User would do when the page keeps loading.I use this for one of my test scenarios.&#xA;Try:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;   JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&#xA;   js.executeScript(&quot;return window.stop&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can refer to the below threads:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/5663/is-it-possible-to-stop-page-loading-on-the-browser-using-selenium-web-driver&quot;&gt;Is it possible to stop page loading on the browser using selenium web-driver?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5453423/how-to-stop-the-page-loading-in-firefox-programmatically&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5453423/how-to-stop-the-page-loading-in-firefox-programmatically&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30152" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T15:55:14.817" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31413" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31366" CreationDate="2018-01-05T22:52:36.383" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm a QA engineer who learned programming for automation on the job - I find that interactive programs such as codecademy are the best for me. Whether you're programming for automation or an application, you have to start from the same spot. The difference for QA is that you can learn as your tests demand it - testing frameworks often just require selenium and knowledge of the programming language itself. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Javascript, if I remember right, is fairly easy. I'm using Python now and I find it very intuitive. Ruby is a good one too. Java is tougher, but it's easier as a second language. With any language, you'll want to learn a method of Version control - lots of engineers find that to be the toughest part of all. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You'll also want to figure out what testing framework/test runners you want to use: There's testNG and Cucumber-JVM for Java, for example, or Protractor for Javascript, which is becoming very popular. Each of these have communities that will train or share materials online to interested parties. I'm a huge fan of Behavior Driven Development myself, but I know some QA Engineers don't like it at all.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You might also want to check with your application developers to see if they have automated testing and would like the QA team to extend, take over, or write independent tests, and if so, what kind of ground they think you should cover. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There's also free automation tools for api testing and load testing such as Postman and Soap-ui, that offer a valuable skill set without a whole lot of programming knowledge. Postman uses a little javascript - just enough to make the online classes worth it! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In other news, I don't think a particular personality is more amenable to programming or not. I got into because manual regression testing was extremely tedious for me, and I found that programming &lt;strong&gt;taught me to push past feelings of failure, appreciate complex logic, and remain calm in times of panic&lt;/strong&gt;. If I had known that would happen before I started, I would have started sooner. I think my reading and listening skills have improved as well.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23512" LastActivityDate="2018-01-05T22:52:36.383" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31414" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="29475" CreationDate="2018-01-06T17:09:14.423" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, that is easily doable.&#xA;What you need to do is get the &lt;code&gt;cookies&lt;/code&gt; your browser received from the website and keep them in a persistent storage such as a text file or a database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Beware that due to security reasons, namely &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-origin_policy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Same-origin policy&lt;/a&gt;, your webdriver must be in the domain where the cookie was originaly generated to be set, otherwise, it is discarded - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/a/28331099/705147&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/a/28331099/705147&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This little article should get you started:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qaautomationsimplified.com/selenium/selenium-webdriver-get-cookies-from-an-existing-session-and-add-those-to-a-newly-instantiated-webdriver-browser-instance/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.qaautomationsimplified.com/selenium/selenium-webdriver-get-cookies-from-an-existing-session-and-add-those-to-a-newly-instantiated-webdriver-browser-instance/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11577" LastEditorUserId="11577" LastEditDate="2018-01-07T11:05:30.340" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T11:05:30.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31416" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30874" CreationDate="2018-01-07T01:38:27.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Currently in Jenkins workspace folder is not set , so it is running and trying to search project folders in temp file.First set the &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34854377/how-to-change-workspace-and-build-record-root-directory-on-jenkins&quot;&gt;workspace folder&lt;/a&gt; for the job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also make sure 'Protractor' as a npm module is installed on the machine where execution is being performed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;1). First move to the project folder.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;    cd C:\Project_RootFolder_Path&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2).Install it globally.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;npm install -g protractor&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would recommend to run in a more abstracted way using Gulp task.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also if you are just calling protractor conf.js in your .bat file, you can directly put that line in 'Execute windows batch command' section in Jenkins.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-12-11T11:09:00.253" LastActivityDate="2018-12-11T11:09:00.253" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31417" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27085" CreationDate="2018-01-07T07:13:31.530" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Change &lt;code&gt;@RunWith(StepDefinition.class)&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;@RunWith(Cucumber.class)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Cucumber runner needs to run with a class that extends Runner.class; StepDefinition.class does not extends Runner.class.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T07:13:31.530" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31419" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30327" CreationDate="2018-01-07T07:35:17.187" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, you could use a Cucumber DataTable, but you would have to implement the step to create the JSON String / object from your DataTable.&#xA;Here's a blog that can help you there: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thinkcode.se/blog/2014/06/30/cucumber-data-tables&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://www.thinkcode.se/blog/2014/06/30/cucumber-data-tables&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than using JSON Strings, consider using a domain object with a library like Jackson to generate the JSON from the object for you. This makes your code much cleaner (easier to maintain, less error-prone)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are several frameworks that can help you post the HTTP request. Karate is one such framework, which I personally haven't used. Another is RestAssured, which I am using atm and found quite easy to get started with. There should be plenty of examples/tutorials on how to use it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Good luck!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T07:35:17.187" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31421" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-07T18:24:22.340" Score="0" ViewCount="6491" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to do Bus Search first on &lt;code&gt;Travelyaari.com&lt;/code&gt; and then Modify the Bus Search, The Modify Search button seems to be clicked, however, previous Bus search result page is getting loaded and my case is failing with error as &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;'Unable to locate element' org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException.&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using xpath for identifying the 'Modify Search' button, the &lt;code&gt;.isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;strong&gt;true&lt;/strong&gt; however when doing &lt;code&gt;.click()&lt;/code&gt;, getting &lt;code&gt;'Unable to locate element' org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me to resolve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30174" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-09T10:49:54.983" LastActivityDate="2019-09-26T02:22:29.507" Title="Button click is not redirecting to next page in selenium webdriver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;exception&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31422" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27898" CreationDate="2018-01-07T18:27:55.637" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To read CSV files you can use the Kantu Selenium IDE for Chrome which has a built-in &lt;a href=&quot;https://a9t9.com/kantu/docs/webextensions/selenium-ide/csvread&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;csvRead (= readCSV)&lt;/a&gt; command with full unicode support. I use it with Chinese texts with no problems. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28557" LastActivityDate="2018-01-07T18:27:55.637" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31423" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31336" CreationDate="2018-01-07T18:49:13.193" Score="7" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all, I doubt that there is currently something like AI-driven testing. &lt;code&gt;*&lt;/code&gt;-driven means that your entire development/testing process strongly relies on &lt;code&gt;*&lt;/code&gt;. Working for &lt;a href=&quot;https://retest.de/en/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;retest&lt;/a&gt; myself, I'm convinced—due to my experience there—that AI can be a great help to &lt;em&gt;complement&lt;/em&gt; traditional testing approaches. But: Today's AI is inferior to hand-crafted test scripts when it comes to test generation. (At least for now.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://testim.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Testim&lt;/a&gt;, for instance, incorporates historical data to rank the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.jsp#locating-elements&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;locators&lt;/a&gt; for each element individually to stabilize the tests over time. This is awesome and may lead to a comeback of capture &amp;amp; replay. However, you still create tests manually since a human decides what to test and how. Therefore, I wouldn't speak of AI-driven testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To get back to your actual question: When you say you tried out Testim and Endtest, I assume you want to test web apps? Unfortunately, I'm not aware of similar open-source solutions, but I think it's just a matter of time until it's developed by the community on top of tools such as Selenium. Existing open source testing tools that use AI are e.g. &lt;a href=&quot;http://evosuite.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;EvoSuite&lt;/a&gt; (unit test generation) and &lt;a href=&quot;http://fbinfer.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Infer&lt;/a&gt; (static code analysis).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2018-12-18T16:01:25.913" LastActivityDate="2018-12-18T16:01:25.913" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31424" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31421" CreationDate="2018-01-07T19:53:49.107" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;There could be 2 possibilities for your &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;That locator you are using to find the webelement is wrong. Hence it is giving you the error.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;You are trying to click on the webelement even before it is loaded completed on the page. To solve this.&#xA;Always use the explicit wait to let the webelement get loaded before performing any execution on it. A very common method used for the wait is as follows.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;/* Initialize the WebDriverWait, with 30 seconds of wait time. */   &#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;xpathValue&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Add this code(make changes for locator) before the line where you are getting the error.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2018-01-09T11:37:57.487" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T11:37:57.487" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31425" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16749" CreationDate="2018-01-08T07:34:21.093" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;first of all, the tester needs to check whether it was within our testing scope or not. If Yes then we have to do root cause analysis. Once you are known to the exact issue then you need to inform your project manager or QA manager.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The report part should include the exact impact of the bug found, also you should be ready with the proper explanation for the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T07:34:21.093" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31426" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-08T08:14:22.390" Score="1" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;There will be a lot of releases coming out during the lifecycle of a package release. How to ensure that the latest change does not affect the previous components?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would say once a release candidate is ready, a regression test is to be performed on the Release Candidate. However, if a bug were to be found, is it best practice to retest everything again once a new Release Candidate is released?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Wouldn't that be time consuming?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30170" LastEditorUserId="13179" LastEditDate="2018-01-09T12:38:50.507" LastActivityDate="2018-02-06T09:30:55.993" Title="How to ensure one change does not affect the rest of the component?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;regression-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31433" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31426" CreationDate="2018-01-08T14:47:49.737" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Exactly. Because there is no way to ensure that change in one component does not affect any other components, &lt;strong&gt;your only option is automated regression testing&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T14:47:49.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31434" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31426" CreationDate="2018-01-08T15:36:13.200" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is no silver bullet answer to this, you should use common sense.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Usually you would want to repeat some basic tests to cover basic functionality, add some tests around the fix and probable affected areas and if all goes well use the rest of the time for more tests to gain coverage. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You will also want to have some automation if test run time vs. release frequency is small enough, but be careful not to waste all your time developing automation and neglecting coverage or stability of the tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If your product is a web app with good monitoring and quick release time, so you can fix problems fast, I would feel comfortable doing superficial testing, on the other hand if you are in the aviation or medical section than your answer would be a big YES- test everything from scratch again. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="154" LastActivityDate="2018-01-08T15:36:13.200" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31435" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31467" CreationDate="2018-01-08T18:30:43.970" Score="0" ViewCount="1375" Body="&lt;p&gt;Hello everyone I have following source-code &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;main.container-fluid:nth-child(5)&amp;lt;main class=&quot;container-fluid ng-scope&quot; ng-view=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;row ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;section class=&quot;col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h3 ng-show=&quot;searchQuery&quot; class=&quot;page-header page-header-sm ng-hide&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span translate=&quot;TITLE_SEARCH_RESULTS&quot; class=&quot;ng-scope&quot;&amp;gt;Search Results&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span class=&quot;label label-default ng-binding&quot; ng-bind-html=&quot;searchQuery&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;h3 ng-show=&quot;!searchQuery&quot; class=&quot;page-header page-header-sm ng-scope&quot; translate=&quot;TITLE_ALL_PRODUCTS&quot;&amp;gt;All Products&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;    &amp;lt;div class=&quot;alert-info ng-hide&quot; ng-show=&quot;confirmation&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;p class=&quot;ng-binding&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/section&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(this is just a part of the source code here is the full &lt;a href=&quot;http://view-source:https://juice-shop.herokuapp.com/#/search&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Source code&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I want verify if the source code contains &quot;All Products&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Notice I got that text content on multi places same page so its important I select this one (for the XPath).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is my code I wrote so far:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; links = Driver.Instance.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;//h3[@class='page-header page-header-sm ng-scope']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;            IList&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt; listOflinks = new List&amp;lt;IWebElement&amp;gt;();&#xA;&#xA;            for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; links.Count; i++)&#xA;            {&#xA;                links = Driver.Instance.FindElements(By.XPath(&quot;//h3[@class='page-header page-header-sm ng-scope']&quot;));&#xA;&#xA;                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(links[i].Text))&#xA;                    //links[i].Click();&#xA;                    Console.WriteLine(links[i].ToString());&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then I return in the console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Element (id = c25b9ecd-b828-4353-a9d8-9f8a53b9cee9)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but the goal is instead to write in the console &lt;strong&gt;&quot;All Products&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; + verify its there.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;maybe could be done with &lt;strong&gt;Assert&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Could someone help me to correct the code?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28839" LastEditorUserId="28839" LastEditDate="2018-01-08T18:55:55.880" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T09:00:24.563" Title="How to write in console the Webelement content" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;test-automation-framework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31436" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31460" CreationDate="2018-01-08T18:39:01.223" Score="0" ViewCount="3136" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am having a problem downloading a file using selenium.  I had to use selenium to hover over some menus and finally got to the last link which I need to click and reveal 30 zipped files that have a href link.  I want to click on each link and download.  What libraries do I have to make this available to me?  This is my problem: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Need to click the following links:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Corp_sub3_20180107.zip&#xA;corp_sub3_20180106.zip &#xA;corp_sub3_20180105.zip&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When hovering my mouse over the first corp_sub3, I see &lt;a href=&quot;https://markets.midwestiso.org/MISO/getSettlementStatementFile?entity=CORP_SUB3&amp;amp;nodeId=key0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this URL pop up&lt;/a&gt; in windows explorer: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Upon clicking in selenium, I get a &lt;code&gt;&quot;do you want to open or save dialog&quot;&lt;/code&gt; box at the bottom.  I'm not able to use selenium to choose the save option for some reason.  What options do I have?  I can only use internet explorer for this problem.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29983" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T10:45:38.113" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T10:45:38.113" Title="How to save a file by clicking on a link in python-internet explorer-windows" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;&lt;ie11&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-01-10T12:22:12.763" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31437" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-09T02:19:26.120" Score="1" ViewCount="60" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm interested in using test cases as data for some NLP stuff that I want to do (one of the things I want to do, for instance, is extract verbs and nouns from supplied sentences). To make it easier for me to do this, I've tried to locate a free of charge corpus of test cases, so I don't have to continually search for example test cases online or make my own test cases (in the latter case, this could introduce bias into the results). I would be satisfied with any corpus of test cases, even if they were not all in a consistent format.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Do any such corpi exist? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30167" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-09T10:46:59.683" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T11:15:14.737" Title="Do Any Test Case Corpi Exist?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31438" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31426" CreationDate="2018-01-09T06:19:25.327" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The answer is &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Continuous Integration&lt;/a&gt;. Good practice is having a continuous integration server watching the &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Version_control&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;version control system&lt;/a&gt; so when commit is made it will trigger:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;the build of application (it should at least compile)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;unit tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_automation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;automated tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;load tests&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This way you will have confidence regarding your application robustness and reliability even given new features introduction and bug fixes. If you don't have continuous integration in place I would recommend setting it asap, there is a number of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/jenkins-vs-other-open-source-continuous-integration-servers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;free and open source continuous integration servers&lt;/a&gt; you can consider, de-facto industry standard is &lt;a href=&quot;https://jenkins-ci.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jenkins&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T06:19:25.327" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31439" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31426" CreationDate="2018-01-09T06:59:11.687" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Regression testing will certainly help here but it should be applied with a focus on the product risks.  If you take some time to chat or pair with the developers to understand the scope of the changes it should be possible to identify the areas with the biggest risk of regressions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When creating a regression suite choose the most reliable tests you have and skip any that might give questionable results (or clearly mark them as such), this keeps confidence in the results high and ensures developers take them seriously.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have the time and specs you can create at least some of tests ahead of development so they have a target (TDD) , this gives the benefits of CI right at their desk, however this isn't always possible with complex projects or less specified development styles. Also be very sure your test is accurate !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you cant do TDD then at least try to deliver tests focused on the areas of riskiest areas change.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The earlier in development you can test meaningfully the cheaper it is to fix bugs you find.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;. Continuous Integration is good way to keep code tested , it takes time and you need to write tests in a slightly more stable way than standalone ones. Generally you need s team of testers and possibly some DevOps to get the most out of CI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So in summary&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Cleanup, focus , test early&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T06:59:11.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31440" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31410" CreationDate="2018-01-09T07:05:35.843" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You don't seem to be running the selenium server or a selenium grid for it to connect to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your create method is failing to start or detect the server, this could be for a number of reasons.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Failure to detect means it's probably not running.&#xA;Failure to start means Permissions or Configuration failure are the most likely. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastEditorUserId="29917" LastEditDate="2018-01-09T08:48:49.040" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T08:48:49.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31442" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31038" CreationDate="2018-01-09T07:28:24.467" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Interviewing testers is very tricky, the ones you want are the ones that are interviewing you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Be aware that client confidentiality will prevent them from telling you about their most juicy bug, usually only beer will get you that but I wouldn't recommend it in a interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would instead focus on questions that allow you to focus on comparison of candidates results , anecdotes are far harder to compare than straight questions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A technique ive used with success in the past is asking questions that lead people to STAR answers, &lt;a href=&quot;https://theinterviewguys.com/star-method/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How To Master the STAR Method For Interview Questions&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good tester should pick up on this pattern and you can see if they bothered to research for the interview.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Getting people to write code for interviews is only really suitable for developers where it matters that they are sharp on algorithm design for speed and extensibility. Testers would just look this up because its reliability and accuracy that is more important. Ask testers how they know and where they learn.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastEditorUserId="35561" LastEditDate="2021-01-27T09:35:11.023" LastActivityDate="2021-01-27T09:35:11.023" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31444" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31453" CreationDate="2018-01-09T10:09:51.963" Score="4" ViewCount="1122" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have got an old system &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Qwerty1&quot;&lt;/strong&gt; - that makes a lots of things,&#xA;&lt;br&gt;then we also have got another system &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Querty2&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;  it's actually a remake of &lt;strong&gt;Qwerty1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;(for several reasons)&#xA;Notice we still are live with &lt;strong&gt;&quot;Qwerty1&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;now we want to to be sure for all tested indata in &lt;strong&gt;Qwerty2&lt;/strong&gt; we get the same outputdata in the both systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is this methodology called? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28839" LastEditorUserId="28839" LastEditDate="2018-01-09T12:41:07.373" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T10:46:16.527" Title="What is this methodology called?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;terminology&gt;" AnswerCount="8" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31445" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31444" CreationDate="2018-01-09T10:12:48.263" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds like you're talking about Comparative Testing (&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;also known as Product Testing&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;...the process of measuring the properties or performance of products.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T10:12:48.263" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31447" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31444" CreationDate="2018-01-09T10:30:56.827" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would go with &lt;code&gt;Benchmark test&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://glossary.istqb.org/search/benchmark%20test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;http://glossary.istqb.org/search/benchmark%20test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(1) A standard against which measurements or comparisons can be made.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(2) A test that is used to compare components or systems to each other or to a standard as in (1).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6194" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T11:02:27.420" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31448" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31437" CreationDate="2018-01-09T11:15:14.737" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would suggest digging around some higher-reputation open source project or other software with public repositories. Unit tests would be incredibly common as well as more integration or gui style tests might be found in some wider-scope projects like Magento's &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/magento/magento2/tree/2.2-develop/dev/tests&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test directory on github&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T11:15:14.737" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31449" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31444" CreationDate="2018-01-09T11:35:23.357" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I agree with Olyv (and have 'up voted' his answer).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Qwerty1 is your benchmark.  Qwerty is failing because it's not as fast as Qwerty2.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You ought to log the results for each test side-by-side so you can time how performance changes over time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T11:35:23.357" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31450" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31444" CreationDate="2018-01-09T11:52:56.873" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;It seems to me that you are &lt;strong&gt;refactoring&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Looking to improve the performance of the code and the implementation of the design without changing the functionality.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8992" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T11:52:56.873" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31451" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-09T12:38:58.853" Score="-1" ViewCount="10992" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my current project the application passes an authentication token id after login. So, I have used below.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hEqlB.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/hEqlB.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Regular Expression Extractor&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. to extract the token id from Response Data and i applied the token in &lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lFGcS.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lFGcS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Http Header Manager&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.under Authorization&#xA;After executing i am getting response like .&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lT6Yx.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/lT6Yx.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&amp;quot;Filed to authenticate token&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Further, I have also used CSV file config for passing dynamic values.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't know what i am missing. Could anyone help me on this??&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27011" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T10:46:49.367" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T17:40:37.180" Title="Handling authentication token in JMeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-01-20T03:16:40.850" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31452" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-09T14:22:03.847" Score="5" ViewCount="131" Body="&lt;p&gt;Notes: &#xA;This is cross-posted on SO - &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48169961/tagging-selenium-nodes-and-requesting-nodes-without-that-tag&quot;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48169961/tagging-selenium-nodes-and-requesting-nodes-without-that-tag&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We have an internal selenium grid that currently has 20 nodes (FF and CH) with the capacity for scaling if/when needed.  All of these nodes are configured exactly the same, therefore when we run tests, we don't really care which node gets allocated.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now we have a need to have a couple of nodes configured differently. We then need to allocate those nodes only when a test specifically requests one.  So far so good - we can use capabilities to &quot;tag&quot; nodes and then use &lt;code&gt;DesiredCapabilities&lt;/code&gt; to request one of these &quot;special&quot; nodes (e.g. we can use platform description, etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is how do we avoid getting these nodes allocated unless specifically requested?  What I am looking for is this behaviour, essentially:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if a specific capability is requested, then allocate one of the nodes matching that capability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;if a specific capability is &lt;em&gt;not&lt;/em&gt; requested, then allocate any other node other than these special ones&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We need to avoid having to change existing tens of thousands of selenium tests so that the default behaviour will result in a &quot;standard&quot; node.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Making any changes to the node config or hub config is ok.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course, we can always set up a separate hub and attach these special nodes to this special hub - but that feels like an overkill to me to manage two hubs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any other suggestions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21001" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-13T05:31:14.500" LastActivityDate="2020-03-13T05:31:14.500" Title="Tagging selenium nodes and requesting nodes without that tag" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium-grid&gt;" AnswerCount="0" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31453" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31444" CreationDate="2018-01-09T16:46:08.043" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;We would tend to consider this a form of &lt;strong&gt;regression testing&lt;/strong&gt; as you are testing that the software still behaves the same as it did before. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Regression testing is a type of software testing which verifies that software which was previously developed and tested still performs the same way after it was changed or interfaced with other software. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Qwerty1&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Qwerty2&lt;/code&gt; may be separate products, but consider them just to be two different builds of the same functionality and the testing considerations are clearer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30084" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T16:46:08.043" CommentCount="10" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31454" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31410" CreationDate="2018-01-09T17:01:20.367" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;The solution was to downgrade the geckodriver from 19.01 to 18.00 and also downgrade Mozilla Firefox.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Then it worked as fine!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28839" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T17:01:20.367" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31456" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31459" CreationDate="2018-01-09T17:43:03.880" Score="2" ViewCount="147" Body="&lt;p&gt;I suppose this is more like two questions.  Considering i wanted to do some automated testing of a restful web service that is written in c#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;How can I using java and something like rest-assured test this API? can I some how mock it to test or do I need to write my automation code in c# in order to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Should I deploy the API on to a server e.g IIS and just run tests against the real service, How / when should we be mocking?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T04:42:30.477" Title="How can I mock a c# restful webservice and test it using java?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;&lt;mock&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31457" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31444" CreationDate="2018-01-09T18:06:02.877" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;While not a traditional UI/website A/B test, I don't think it'd be wrong or misleading to say you're doing a blackbox A/B test and comparing the output, performance, whatever, between the two implementations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I like the term benchmark, but not benchmark test.  Clearly, Qwerty1 is the benchmark and the results of running it are the benchmark test using the ISQTB definition, but the actual compare/contrast of Qwerty1 to Qwerty2 is not a benchmark test.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I also dislike the ISQTB definition of benchmark test, mainly since in my experience, when people discuss benchmarking, it's often performance testing related, when it seems that your testing isn't focused on performance testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="8428" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T18:06:02.877" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31458" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31435" CreationDate="2018-01-09T18:11:19.180" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;An assert is a function that verifies if something happens or has happened.&#xA;If you are trying to use the script for exploratory purposes, you should extract the text of the element:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;links[i].Text&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: It can return an empty string, which may not be nice for exploratory testing, since your console will show nothing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Maybe you should create a function to print this result propely for this case:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;return (string.IsNullOrEmpty(links[i].Text)) ? &quot;_NULL-Result&quot; : links[i].Text;  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T18:11:19.180" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31459" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31456" CreationDate="2018-01-09T18:22:05.330" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;How can I using java and something like rest-assured test this API? can I some how mock it to test or do I need to write my automation code in c# in order to do this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The same way you would with a Java application except it wouldn't be during deploy. The underlying language of the application shouldn't make a difference. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should I deploy the API on to a server e.g IIS and just run tests against the real service, How / when should we be mocking?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should mock the API when you are testing the GUI bit not the API. This allows you to create controlled data for the GUI without relying on the API and verifies the GUI independent from the API.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7043" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T18:22:05.330" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31460" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31436" CreationDate="2018-01-09T20:31:20.440" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I figured it out.  I used pyautogui to click save when the small box appears.  So first, I downloaded pyautogui in python3.  Then, I got the position of my cursor to point to the save button and captured the coordinate using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pos = pyautogui.position() &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then I used &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;pyautogui.click(x=pos[0],y=pos[1]))&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;and it worked.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29983" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T20:31:20.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31461" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31444" CreationDate="2018-01-09T22:52:13.490" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;This could be considered a form of &lt;strong&gt;Canary&lt;/strong&gt; testing, which is typically reserved for a DevOps context of slowly switching traffic from the old system to the new system, and monitoring IO for discrepancies.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30208" LastActivityDate="2018-01-09T22:52:13.490" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31462" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="3481" CreationDate="2018-01-10T01:28:55.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;A safe way I have used over the last few months has been extracting the closest element node and verifying it as an XML&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.css(&quot;some path to a div&quot;));&#xA;String documentNode = ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(&quot;return arguments[0].outerHTML;&quot;, element);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That will return the Text. (Here is a sample of what you will get as output.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&quot;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;some test&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt; \n \n \n&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Trim it, then I have converted it to a document and safely xpath or parse the nodes manually. That's it. This has been way faster and no chance of stale state. No more waiting indefinitely.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope this helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28343" LastEditorUserId="27047" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T12:21:47.090" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T12:21:47.090" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31464" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31421" CreationDate="2018-01-10T07:30:30.177" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you are using this assertion &lt;code&gt;Modify Search.isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; and it is returning true. Also as per your observations The Modify Search button seems to be clicked. So it might be throwing error on next step after click.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can apply wait before the action and wait for the particular element after action is performed, like after clicking &lt;code&gt;'Modify Search'&lt;/code&gt; button you can wait for 'Modify Search' Popup to appear. In most of the software testing company while testing a product this approach is preferred.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also you can put the code in If Else loop to find out the way.&#xA;You can try the below code snippet.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;if ('ModifySearch_Button'.isDisplayed()){&#xA;&#xA;'ModifySearch_Button'.click(); &#xA;&#xA;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(&quot;Modify Search Popup&quot;)));&#xA;&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-10T10:41:23.247" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T10:41:23.247" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31466" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="2958" CreationDate="2018-01-10T08:58:41.077" Score="1" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Integration testing: Now this is where I run into a wall. What would I have to test to call it an integration test? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Integration testing is a tricky thing indeed. The most comprehensive definition is offered by ISTQB. Integration testing there is split into 2 subtypes:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;component integration testing that tests the interconnections between&#xA;various software components &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;system integration testing that tests interactions of your product with external systems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is an &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scnsoft.com/blog/integration-testing-example&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;example&lt;/a&gt; that may help you clear this up.&#xA;The example also shows that integration testing automation works well when the product uses large volume of repeatable or predictable data. In other cases, manual testing may make a good alternative.The main point here is to know the way the systems are supposed to work and describe all possible interactions.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28027" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T08:58:41.077" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31467" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31435" CreationDate="2018-01-10T09:00:24.563" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I solved it by use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;try&#xA;            {&#xA;                driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[text()=&quot;Some text&quot;]')&#xA;                &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;console.WriteLine(&quot;Found All Products&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;                return true;&#xA;            }&#xA;            catch (NoSuchElementException)&#xA;            {&#xA;                element = null;&#xA;                &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;console.WriteLine(&quot;Did not found Webelement&quot;)&#xA;&#xA;                return false;&#xA;            }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28839" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T09:00:24.563" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31470" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31444" CreationDate="2018-01-10T10:46:16.527" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The old system &quot;Qwerty 1&quot; will be the reference for testing new system &quot;Qwerty 2&quot;, so the  appropriate methodology &quot;Comparison Testing&quot;,but it is not enough ,you will use this with other methodologies and techniques in SW testing to ensure the new one works fine with no(incorrect or missing function,interface errors,performance errors,business errors)  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T10:46:16.527" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31471" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="24572" CreationDate="2018-01-10T11:05:41.400" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You already have something else on port 9000 that isn't sonar when you telnet in , it will need to be stopped before anything else can bind to that port.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;use losf to find out which process it is &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;lsof -i:9000&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for more info on lsof see this, its not installed by default on a lot of distros.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://debian-administration.org/article/184/How_to_find_out_which_process_is_listening_upon_a_port&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://debian-administration.org/article/184/How_to_find_out_which_process_is_listening_upon_a_port&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T11:05:41.400" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31474" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1207" CreationDate="2018-01-10T17:37:40.093" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Smoke Testing&lt;/strong&gt; is done by developer to check the build is stable enough so that it can be send to testing team for testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shakeout Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; Shake out testing is done before the testing starts to make sure that applications are pointing to correct urls and data is flowing and also to make sure applications are pointing to correct environments.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanity Testing:&lt;/strong&gt; It is done whenever there is a small changes are done in application to make sure that the application is up and running and correctly working.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T17:37:40.093" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31475" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31451" CreationDate="2018-01-10T17:40:37.180" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all check your &lt;code&gt;${token}&lt;/code&gt; variable value using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Debug_Sampler&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Debug Sampler&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener combination (see &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-debug-your-apache-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;How to Debug your Apache JMeter Script&lt;/a&gt; guide for details on how to do this). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It might be the case your regular expression extractor fails to fetch the token due to i.e. extra space. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Another assumption is that you need to add &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Authentication&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Authentication Scheme&lt;/a&gt; identifier before the &lt;code&gt;${token}&lt;/code&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Authorization: Basic ${token}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;or &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Authorization: Bearer ${token}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Check out what is being sent by the real browser and JMeter, the requests must be identical (apart from dynamic values)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-10T17:40:37.180" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31476" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="15484" CreationDate="2018-01-10T19:13:06.183" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Perhaps, I have the wrong context here (the OP's documentation link is broken now), but I believe you can now minimize the window with &lt;code&gt;webdriver.minimize_window()&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/webdriver_remote/selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver.html?highlight=minimize#selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver.WebDriver.minimize_window&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Python Documentation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30231" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2020-03-02T08:22:51.897" LastActivityDate="2020-03-02T08:22:51.897" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31477" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31478" CreationDate="2018-01-10T21:16:25.690" Score="1" ViewCount="243" Body="&lt;p&gt;I've automated E2E UI tests for the project, where I work as a Software Tester. I used 'clean' Selenium Webdriver, and it works. But I'm wondering if it would be better to use a framework such as Nightwatch.js to develop BDD tests instead of just 'test cases'. I don't understand differences and benefits of developing BDD tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question is: why should I use a framework such as Nightwatch.js instead of just Selenium Webdriver?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The second question is: is it worth spending the time to implement BDD if it is better?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30019" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T15:56:20.907" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T15:56:20.907" Title="Should I automate UI testing by 'clean' Selenium or use BDD framework?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;bdd&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="11" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31478" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31477" CreationDate="2018-01-10T22:23:24.480" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is answer for specific OP's circumstances: beginner working alone. For a beginner working in a big team, advice would be &quot;follow your leader&quot;. YMMV, and you are free to do whatever you want with your own time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In general, experience in more generic tools (&quot;clean&quot; Selenium) is easier to transfer to other positions, easier to grow your career in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I suggest to continue using Selenium, learning about design patterns and refactoring. Then, you might realize that what you are developing is BDD (or that BDD does not make sense for your specific setup).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, one good rule of thumb is: &lt;strong&gt;&quot;If it isn't broken, don't fix it&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is good sign that you are concerned about using best practices, but build basic skills before you are making long-term decision.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not believe that promise of &quot;business person reading your tests in BDD&quot; will work. Those are empty promises, AFAICT. I have personal experience with a tool making similar promises &lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/10500/is-fitnesse-only-used-as-a-acceptance-test-tool-based-on-integration-testing&quot;&gt;FitNesse&lt;/a&gt; and it was a failure. Using &quot;clean&quot; Selenium gives you full power of your programming language of choice (so you are gaining &lt;strong&gt;relevant transferable skills&lt;/strong&gt;), BDD forces you to work in way they designed it for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can always try for a week or two and see if it fits your need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T14:27:34.463" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T14:27:34.463" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31479" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-10T23:28:18.227" Score="23" ViewCount="5250" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading this paper about the differences between software development in general and game development and the authors made some good points regarding software testing, pointing out, for instance, that &quot;game developers are hesitant to use automated testing because of these tests 'rapid obsolescence in the face of shifting creative desires of game designers'&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, this reading made me think, what other aspects in software testing should we consider as different or particular when we are dealing with a game / testing a game? &#xA;Anyone has experience with this or heard something else about it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30235" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T16:53:33.963" Title="Is software testing different when we are dealing with game development?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;development-process&gt;&lt;test-techniques&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="7" FavoriteCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31481" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31456" CreationDate="2018-01-11T04:42:30.477" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;C# unittesting + TE (Test Author and Executing Framework) test harness from WDK are most powerful tools I have used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27714" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T04:42:30.477" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31482" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31479" CreationDate="2018-01-11T04:49:51.650" Score="6" Body="&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software testing against Games is potentially cheaper as you can ask players to do it for you for free during closed beta, open beta or even early access stage, when games actually test your game for you after they pay you. (Assuming your game is not free).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Software testing against Games is rarely life-threatening, unlikely when you are testing a life-supporting piece of software.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Games are more immersive and interactive than other software, gamers will try almost everything beyond your imagination; it is more than likely for them to cheat, modifying key parameters to crash your game. You cannot brute-test everything, even with test automation, as test automation is not creative enough to simulate a gamer. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test automation is used to mainly test simpler, non-interactive game aspects, such as making sure there is no gap on this map, all trees are taller than 3 meters and etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T04:49:51.650" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31483" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31479" CreationDate="2018-01-11T05:07:23.063" Score="12" Body="&lt;p&gt;In game testing, a tester focuses mainly on the following points (from Johan Hoberg's blog): &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Fun Factor Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Balance Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Game Level/World Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;AI Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Multiplayer/Network Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Audio Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Physics Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Realism Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Modification API Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I personally believe that testing a game required very sharp judgment capability, fast decision making, attention to details, efficiency, focus on the application, layman approach, flexibility with the situation, greater observation on the specific area, these all instance happen in at the same time &amp;amp; tester require a rhythm to handle all these factors. Here is the very good blog with better explanation  about software testing and game testing &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/JohanHoberg/20140721/221444/Differences_between_Software_Testing_and_Game_Testing.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/JohanHoberg/20140721/221444/Differences_between_Software_Testing_and_Game_Testing.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-15T16:53:33.963" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T16:53:33.963" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31486" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31490" CreationDate="2018-01-11T08:37:18.837" Score="1" ViewCount="185" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a test automation project, which I have built a code module collection for. In this collection:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I have a method named &quot;&lt;code&gt;Click_on_new_button&lt;/code&gt;&quot;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But when I attempted to use this method in a recording, Ranorex told me,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Method name is not valid.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any ideas?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24450" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T09:33:44.880" Title="Ranorex error, method name is not valid" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;ranorex&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31487" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-11T09:08:37.003" Score="-2" ViewCount="59" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm working on a project which is based on Text Content Analytic. It is actually analyzing given text content and we are presenting it in different output format like - PDF report, Graph in Dashboard. For this we are using one open source tools provided by Stanford University named &lt;a href=&quot;https://stanfordnlp.github.io/CoreNLP/index.html#about&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CoreNLP&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are basically two phases which generate output and are saved in DB.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;KeyPhrase Analytics&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Entity Analytic&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per development team they apply some algorithm on above two process to generate output and for that they are using &lt;code&gt;CoreNLP&lt;/code&gt; jar file.&#xA;As I am new to the &lt;code&gt;CoreNLP&lt;/code&gt;functionality, I initially have read content on the Stanford Site to actually get an idea about these two process so that I can write test cases to verify the Output and do the functional and Non-Functional testing.  But I don’t find such material for testing. It is all about the development\customization only. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which kind of test data I should prepare to test this functionality?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which kind of test scenario I have to define?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Is their any free tools available to test my output that it is proper &amp;amp; reliable?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="22100" LastEditorUserId="14324" LastEditDate="2018-01-13T20:25:37.510" LastActivityDate="2018-01-13T20:25:37.510" Title="Text content analytic test cases" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;non-functional&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31489" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-11T09:12:54.027" Score="1" ViewCount="79" Body="&lt;p&gt;As part of load testing I ran the set of same API's for several iterations with different user loads. My concern is with the total requests made against the user load. All tests were ran for 10 minutes duration.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the first iteration I got a report of 1388 total requests for 100 users. &#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L8CYz.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/L8CYz.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For the second iteration, I got a report of 1393 total requests for 500 users.&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uKMxf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uKMxf.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My concern is if there are 1388 requests for 100 users, I was expecting 1388*5 (ie.6940 requests) for 500 users, but I am getting only 1393 requets. Can someone help me understand how this logic works for getting the total number of requests made against an API in load testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30244" LastActivityDate="2021-04-26T03:15:06.307" Title="Understanding results of the cloud based load test in VSTS" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;c#&gt;&lt;test-report&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31490" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31486" CreationDate="2018-01-11T09:33:44.880" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might be a long shot, but can you please try removing all of your underscores from your method name? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ClickOnNewButton&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ranorex has a quirk that occasionally forces you to play with method names, there is nothing wrong with your naming, it is Ranorex's problem. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hope it helps.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T09:33:44.880" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31491" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31489" CreationDate="2018-01-11T09:50:33.670" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looks like you either have a load balancer enforcing a limit or your testing software is fixed at 2.3 rps.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T09:50:33.670" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31492" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31479" CreationDate="2018-01-11T09:52:49.020" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is a distinction to be made between whether the software &lt;em&gt;does what the developers intended&lt;/em&gt; (the most basic type of testing for bugs), and whether the software &lt;em&gt;does something desired by the user.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With games, the former almost doesn't matter so long as the user enjoys playing the result.  So yes, that's a major difference.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I say &lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt; doesn't matter, but in practice, the game is unlikely to be a huge hit without the developers' and game designers' creative intentions actually being carried out.  Nevertheless, some games are quite famous for glitches deliberately left in after being discovered.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When the &lt;em&gt;entire&lt;/em&gt; game is riddled with glitches that prevent playing the game at all, though, game testing will fail for lack of prior software testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17060" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T09:52:49.020" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31494" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30994" CreationDate="2018-01-11T10:31:13.790" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per your description about the Draw tool, it has two functionality:-&#xA;Firstly, it allow user to draw and Secondly allows user to exports its drawing.&#xA;Both the functionality makes the tool alive as single one. Otherwise no one will be interested to work on half alive tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As per the experience in &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.qasource.com/software-testing-company&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;software testing services company&lt;/a&gt;, would suggest this kind of issue to be a critical one and need to be fixed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18010" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T10:31:13.790" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31495" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18739" CreationDate="2018-01-11T11:06:21.227" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You will need to have the Appium inspector app signed by your organisations IOS development keys for it to automate your app. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The basics are that you need to find the Xcode package in appium's node_modules folder and open it Xcode then sign it&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would suggest pairing with an IOS developer to get this setup , its quite tricky and depending on your org structure there are different ways to do this. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T11:06:21.227" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31496" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31479" CreationDate="2018-01-11T11:12:48.703" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Below is a list of Methodologies that I tried to compile of different types that make the game testing especially.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Fun Factor Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Balance Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Game Level/World Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;AI Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Multiplayer/Network Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Audio Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Physics Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Realism Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Modification API Testing&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Game tester should the same general knowledge base as an sofware tester but with a special focus of what makes games unique.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course Game testing is every bit complex as any other testing. though it should be treated in the same way.&#xA;There is a place for live user test or alpa and beta test though its much bigger larger puzzle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For instance &lt;strong&gt;Fun factor testing&lt;/strong&gt; is something unique to games. since they are an entertainment product. Games are not only supposed to work intuitively and provide a good user experience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;two other big things I think differ is:&#xA;In &lt;strong&gt;Software testing&lt;/strong&gt; greatly utilizes automation scripts and it is the matter of testing a software application.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xA;Also the scripts can be created before or after producing written test cases, either can be used to supplement the testing.&#xA;A number of tools and frameworks have been developed to make automation quicker as setting up automation scripts cant take more time.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In &lt;strong&gt;Software testing&lt;/strong&gt; makes greater of test-cases and test scripts. this generally makes the software testing job more technical.&lt;br&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;Software testing&lt;/strong&gt; is an engineering discipline wheter it is games applications or other types of software.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;the things I mention I base the knowledge base partly from article belowThings are partly taken from &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/JohanHoberg/20140721/221444/Differences_between_Software_Testing_and_Game_Testing.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;gamasutra&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;Regards&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28839" LastEditorUserId="28839" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T14:13:29.147" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T14:13:29.147" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31497" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31479" CreationDate="2018-01-11T12:21:54.243" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As an ex-video game tester, some of the article is fairly inaccurate.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Whilst we were encouraged to raise defects (we actually had weekly targets) we weren't allowed to comment on the 'fun factor'. I remember suggesting that one game we tested shouldn't have a physical release because there was a lack of content and fun... just to be shunned and reminded that we're testers, not developers or publishers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So we would execute Game Level / World testing, Multiplayer / Network testing, Audio testing and Physics testing... never Fun Factor testing (that's not a thing), Balance testing, AI testing, Realism testing, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Testing video games is very similar to testing software in terms of functional and non-functional testing. A tester's job is to find faults in what they've been given and gain confidence in the product on the stakeholder's behalf - no matter if that's in banking, aviation, gaming, finance, and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T12:21:54.243" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31498" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6448" CreationDate="2018-01-11T14:00:43.420" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Here's one that compares current project stats and user ratings ofJava mocking frameworks:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://codix.io/c/Java+Mocking+Frameworks&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://codix.io/c/Java+Mocking+Frameworks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30253" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T14:00:43.420" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31499" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-11T15:36:19.573" Score="12" ViewCount="3357" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The question:&lt;/strong&gt; Is it the developer's responsibility to design test cases, or the QA tester's? Or is it someone else's?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am a software engineer at a small company in the United States. We have an offshore QA team. In our organization, we have a non-comprehensive suite of automated tests, which are owned by development. We try to follow an agile methodology and have recently transitioned to kanban from scrum.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I pick up a story from 'ready to work', it must have certain data on it, including acceptance criteria. It must list out exactly how it works, who it affects, and so forth. As part of my work, I write unit tests to cover the code, integration tests to verify service-level interactions, and behavioral automated tests using cucumber/gherkin. I make sure the functionality gets deployed to a development VM and run through my automated tests plus some basic end-to-end sanity checks. Then, once I'm satisfied that the story works as it should, and it successfully passes code review, it gets passed to QA.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And the first thing QA does is kick it back and say &quot;please provide test inputs.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Our QA team has access to everything I do. All the same supporting documentation -- the design documents, architectural documents, all of my code, the development VMs, even my gherkin features. If I were to design a test case, I would be working from the exact same pieces of data that they would be.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Are they right? Should I be writing them test cases that they are expected to repeat as rote? Is it their responsibility, mine, or someone else's? Or is this something which varies by organization?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6000" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T21:42:07.347" Title="Whose responsibility is it to design test cases?" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;&lt;testcase&gt;" AnswerCount="6" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31500" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31499" CreationDate="2018-01-11T15:52:34.050" Score="5" Body="&lt;p&gt;No random person on the Internet can tell you what makes sense for your circumstances at your organization.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is a way for you to figure out what makes sense for your circumstances:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decide on how you measure success.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Choose a policy (dev writes test cases, or QA writes testcases, both write test cases, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Measure how well your policy works.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decide whether your policy is successful enough.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If your policy is not successful enough, change it and go back to step 3.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T15:52:34.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31501" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31499" CreationDate="2018-01-11T15:58:20.323" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my experience, it's down to the tester(s) for the same reason that developers can't test their own work. You can't find your own faults. That said, I don't think it'd hurt for you to test as well... but you need to draw the line somewhere.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA are independent and, whilst you're working towards the same goal, should have a different approach. ie, you do Unit and Unit Integration testing, they can do System and System Integration testing - but also use the application like the end user, try and break the system, think of tests you wouldn't have considered, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I might be able to expand on this at a later date but, personally, it sounds like you're doing too much of their job.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Edit: T&lt;a href=&quot;https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/35610/test-driven-development-who-should-write-the-tests&quot;&gt;his post makes a good point&lt;/a&gt;. If you're working in a TDD environment, then you are responsible as the developer.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9208" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T15:58:20.323" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31503" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31499" CreationDate="2018-01-11T16:16:46.077" Score="8" Body="&lt;p&gt;In our company we believe in &quot;checks and balances&quot;, so whole process is a balancing act between following major forces:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;business management, who requires major features and sets priorities&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;business analyst, who understands the customer needs and mental models, writes story requirements&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;developer, who understands the code, and also writes tests (unit, e2e etc)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DBAs and sysadmins&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;manual QA, who makes sure all parts work together and follow the process (and continuously strive to improve the process)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;automated regression testers (also writes e2e tests)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We (QA) stress that all (even minor) changes were reviewed by at least two participants from different areas.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So, in OP's situation, developer should &lt;strong&gt;NOT&lt;/strong&gt; write test cases, because it would be unchecked power. If developer misunderstood requirements, then wrote code and test according to this misunderstanding, how it would be detected?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For 90% of bugs/features/changes, &lt;strong&gt;business analyst creates test cases&lt;/strong&gt;. Often they are not specific enough for actual testing, and &lt;strong&gt;QA works with BA to make test cases specific enough&lt;/strong&gt;, often asking devs to provide some specific data ids for which specific functionality can be observed (users with functionality under test enabled, etc). In many cases, even if test cases are not 100% detailed, &lt;strong&gt;QA can fill the gaps from experience gained in previous testing&lt;/strong&gt;, and will just confirm the specifics with BA (to make sure what QA did not introduced misunderstanding).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Of course 10% of changes are quirky enough that have to be worked differently:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;too trivial (i.e. fixing a typo in spelling, external linked page changed URL)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;DBA/syadmin specific (no BA involved)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;dev-specific (i.e. library upgrade, no BA involved)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But for majority of changes, &lt;strong&gt;BA makes the call&lt;/strong&gt;: decides requirements, and how feature will be tested. Sometimes, after developer implemented draft proposal, BA realizes that his understanding was not complete and changes requirements, or decides to release product which implements only part of requirements (postponing rest for phase 2). This is normal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quality is responsibility of the whole team&lt;/strong&gt; (not just QA), and all participants are learning and improving to work with all others to provide best quality. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So your external QA needs to &quot;grow up&quot; and start accumulating knowledge about how to test, and how to find the info they need to test. Is OK to ask once, but second time they should have learned it, and should ask for confirmation if they understand it correctly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;They also need to learn methods how to get the input info, exactly like you are able to find it: talk to BA, query database, etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastEditorUserId="7552" LastEditDate="2018-01-11T23:49:22.270" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T23:49:22.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31504" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31507" CreationDate="2018-01-11T17:19:46.917" Score="2" ViewCount="998" Body="&lt;p&gt;this may have been asked many times but I couldn't find any satisfactory resolution. &#xA;this is how my application flow looks like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step 1 Login.aspx&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Step 2 Load Session which call an ajax call 'x'&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;step 3 Load Dashboard.aspx calls 3 ajax calls a, b, c in parallel &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These 3 steps share cookie&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;as per my knowledge I cannot add all these requests in 1 thread group as Jmeter would not execute ajax calls, so  I have to put it in different thread group something like this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;setUpThreadGroup&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;LoadSession&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Dashboard&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ThreadGroup1&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ajax call x&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ThreadGroup2&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ajax call a&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ThreadGroup3&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ajax call b&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;ThreadGroup4&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Ajax call c&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;but now I can't control the sequence in which these call in different thread group would take place. Is there anyway I can achieve something like below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;First -- Login &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then --  LoadSession + PARALLEL call for Ajax call x&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Then --  Dashboard +PARALLEL call Ajax call a +PARALLEL call Ajax call b&#xA;+PARALLEL call Ajax call c&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30260" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T20:09:16.327" Title="parallel ajax calls in jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;jmeter-plugins&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31505" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31499" CreationDate="2018-01-11T17:39:49.040" Score="2" Body="&lt;h1&gt;Who owns the knowledge?&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Rather than focusing on who's responsible for doing a certain piece of work. A more important question is - who should retain the knowledge about it. This isn't a question that can be answered for you, but some considerations may be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are requirements set by an external source, such as financial regulators?&lt;/strong&gt; If so, perhaps you don't want developers to be the ones maintaining the knowledge - you want your test team to keep updated on the latest regulations and apply that knowledge to test creation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Are you testing that your didn't break some functionality?&lt;/strong&gt; If so, it could be the development team that maintains knowledge on how that internal function is meant to be run, what context it is used in etc. It would make most sense for the developer themselves to write tests - they can check it still works within the expected bounds they created it for.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do you create a large number of similar products?&lt;/strong&gt; In this case, each developer is likely to know only what they need for their current project - while the test team will be exposed to a huge number of similar problems. It would make sense that the test team maintains knowledge on what bugs to expect, and prepare test cases to check for them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In most cases, I'd suggest you'll find there is not a single answer for all products and testing in your organisation. But figuring out who is best placed to maintain the knowledge of how to test each system will also answer who is best placed to write the tests using that knowledge.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30084" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T17:39:49.040" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31506" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31479" CreationDate="2018-01-11T18:15:25.440" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;To answer your title question, I wouldn’t really say there are differences between testing software and games as what is a game but a piece of delightfully visual software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Components of a game still have to work properly together (functionality) just as the components of a program like Microsoft Word or Adobe Photoshop. The rest depends on what where you’re working (company-wise and their specific values), what they specifically expect, and your leverage. At the company where I work at now, they’re very open to feedback for the games we produce because our core value to the quality of the game that we put out for the player. There are other places where I worked where my voice didn’t carry much weight so they much rather have functionality over anything else even if it was boggled with things that didn't make sense (there’s also places that care about bug quota).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For example, things I mostly test for (in no particular order):&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Functionality&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Coherent/Consistent UX/UI design&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Core Mechanic/secondary mechanics (in the case of software, primary functions/secondary functions)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Bugs/defects&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Interactivity (how things interact with each other and the user)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The list can get very long on specifics depending on the project but all of these things, I test no matter what the project is (game or software).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For background, I’m currently a QA Lead at a mobile game company (I still actively test every game for every release) and a former QA tester, both freelance (software and hardware) and through agency, where we often took on many different projects to QA (Anywhere from games to websites).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30261" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T18:15:25.440" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31507" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31504" CreationDate="2018-01-11T20:09:16.327" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you would like to keep your existing test design you can consider using &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/InterThreadCommunication/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Inter-Thread Communication Plugin&lt;/a&gt; so &lt;code&gt;LoadSession&lt;/code&gt; thread will wait for cookie from &lt;code&gt;Login&lt;/code&gt;, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However faster and easier solution would be going for &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/Blazemeter/jmeter-bzm-plugins/blob/master/parallel/Parallel.md#parallel-controller&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Parallel Controller&lt;/a&gt; which is designed to mimic AJAX requests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can install both the plugins using &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-install-jmeter-plugins-manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Plugins Manager&lt;/a&gt;   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T20:09:16.327" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31508" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-11T20:29:24.733" Score="1" ViewCount="102" Body="&lt;p&gt;I work for a web development agency, and we are using the scrum model.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The way it is applied may not be the best. We use grooming sessions, work in complexity points, but in the end, the project was still sold in dollars.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, in order to stay &quot;on target&quot; on a tight budget, we often end up cutting QA short (we do not have a department for that).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is currently no automated testing, as it would take a lot of time to create them on the framework we are using.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So my question: how do you make QA, and the bug fixes that come with it, work well in scrum?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30263" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-19T12:51:14.497" LastActivityDate="2020-03-19T12:51:14.497" Title="How to handle QA and testing in a scrum environment?" Tags="&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;scrum&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31509" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30731" CreationDate="2018-01-11T20:59:13.880" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have used it when doing an If statement, actually in the documentation that you pasted It says exactly that!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The keyword name and arguments work as in Run Keyword. See &lt;strong&gt;Run Keyword If&lt;/strong&gt; for a usage example.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;a href=&quot;http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/libraries/BuiltIn.html#Run%20Keyword%20If&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;that&lt;/a&gt; would be a good place to see an example of it use&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Run keyword if&lt;/em&gt; is a keyword for starting if statements:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Runs the given keyword with the given arguments, if &lt;code&gt;condition&lt;/code&gt; is true.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And an example:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;|${status}   |     ${value}=   |   Run Keyword And Ignore Error | My Keyword&lt;br&gt;&#xA;  | Run Keyword If    | '${status}' == 'PASS'     Some Action     arg     ELSE    Another Action&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30265" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T20:59:13.880" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31510" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31508" CreationDate="2018-01-11T21:18:50.110" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Scrum requires that the team creates a potentially shippable product at the end of every sprint. This means that all testing needed to release code to production for an item must be done before you can say the item is done. In other words, no partial credit for Dev-Done.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many reasons Scrum encourages, but suffice to say that if you are not creating potentially shippable increments each sprint, you are pulling out a critical part of Scrum and you will lose key pieces of value that it provides.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now, many teams can't jump right to this and they shouldn't give up on Scrum. They should acknowledge that they are creating a deficiency - they are creating technical debt - that they will have to pay down sometime (bugs don't go away just because you aren't testing for them) and they should be continuously improving toward a way of working that allows for a potentially shippable product every sprint.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5358" LastActivityDate="2018-01-11T21:18:50.110" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31511" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-11T22:46:57.543" Score="1" ViewCount="653" Body="&lt;p&gt;On my page there is an editor that a user can type code into. It is not a normal textarea or input field. To send test to the field I use the following and it works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;actions.moveToElement(locatorElement);&#xA;actions.click();&#xA;actions.sendKeys(keys);&#xA;actions.build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, by default, the field also contains helper text &quot;Enter your text here...&quot; that gives validation errors if not removed i.e. the helper text is not commented out. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried numerous ways to remove the text but nothing has worked. To make this trickier there is also an autocomplete feature in the editor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Use element.clear()&lt;/code&gt; - as mentioned this is not a visible element&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click backspace multiple times - the autocomplete feature means pressing 100+ times just gives a different sentence. I don't understand why this is happening as when you use&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Use actions.keyDown()&lt;/code&gt; - this does not accept the argument Keys.RETURN&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Because of the validation message, it produces it blocks a lot of tests but I'm out of ideas. Does anyone have one?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="24907" LastEditorUserId="43047" LastEditDate="2020-02-03T12:59:14.010" LastActivityDate="2020-03-04T13:01:55.293" Title="How to Clear a Non-Visible Textbox" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31512" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-12T03:49:35.977" Score="-1" ViewCount="139" Body="&lt;p&gt;We have given a task to a third party company to develop a website from scratch for us. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What kind of measurable goals can be put in place in order to get quality assurance from the development. Furthermore, what performance criteria could be set for testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the &lt;em&gt;general&lt;/em&gt; approach for these two questions?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30273" LastActivityDate="2018-06-14T07:00:04.593" Title="What to set as measurable goals and performance criteria for a brand new website build/development?" Tags="&lt;performance&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;code-quality&gt;&lt;performance-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31513" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31511" CreationDate="2018-01-12T04:20:40.273" Score="0" Body="&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Actions actions = new Actions(driver);&#xA;actions.MoveToElement(elm);&#xA;actions.Click();&#xA;Keyboard.SendKeys(&quot;{A}&quot;,ModifierKeys.Control);&#xA;Keyboard.SendKeys(&quot;{DEL}&quot;);&#xA;actions.sendKeys(keys);&#xA;actions.build().perform();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21539" LastEditorUserId="23536" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T05:06:43.163" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T05:06:43.163" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31516" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-12T08:47:03.503" Score="1" ViewCount="2879" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to edit the message body area of outlook mail. The steps I have followed so far are,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Login to outlook web app&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Double click and open the mail (the mail is opened in a seperate window)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Select the window and extract mail details.&#xA; Mail body content is provided inside a iframe. Hence I switch to iframe and read the innerHtml of the  tag inside the frame.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Click Forward button&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;New content is loaded in the same window (DOM gets refreshed) with message body,to, subject areas etc are enabled to edit.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit the to and subject fields (these are in the header section)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Edit the mail body area (this is also given inside a iframe as in previous view)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Switch to iframe&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Try to find the  element inside the frame&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But my &lt;strong&gt;script if failing at step 9&lt;/strong&gt;, throwing &lt;strong&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/strong&gt;. But before clicking forward and after clicking forward, the element structure of in DOM are the same. I have been looking for a solution far this for the past two days. Some help here would be great.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;before clicking forward&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;.....&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;divBdy&quot; class=&quot;messageBody&quot; style=&quot;top: 163px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;ifBdy&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;w100&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;xxx/scripts/premium/blank.htm&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; data-_contentdocument=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;    ......&#xA;    &amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;....&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;after clicking forward&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;.....&#xA;&amp;lt;div id=&quot;divBdy&quot; class=&quot;messageBody&quot; style=&quot;top: 163px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;iframe id=&quot;ifBdy&quot; class=&quot;w100&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;xxxx/scripts/premium/blank.htm&quot; data-_contentdocument=&quot;0&quot;&#xA;    &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&#xA;    ......&#xA;    &amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;....&#xA;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sorry, I am unable to provide screen shots. Elements above this div can be accessed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frame selection:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.id(&quot;ifBdy&quot;)));&#xA;System.out.println(driver.getPageSource());&#xA;driver.findElement(By.tagName(&quot;html&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30279" LastEditorUserId="30279" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T10:53:03.993" LastActivityDate="2019-03-11T14:29:06.170" Title="Selenium fail to find the html tag inside iframe after selecting the frame" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;&lt;ie&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31517" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31406" CreationDate="2018-01-12T08:49:14.340" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;In order to share the value of the variable between your Cucumber steps, you will have to share it in a variable that both steps have access to.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T08:49:14.340" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31518" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31118" CreationDate="2018-01-12T08:51:47.927" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ideally though, the tests should be independent, meaning they do not depend on the system being in a certain state or containing certain data, but rather setting up this state / data in the precondition (&lt;code&gt;Given&lt;/code&gt;) of the test. Depending on the system state / common data will lead to flaky tests, which will make your test automation unreliable.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T08:51:47.927" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31519" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13796" CreationDate="2018-01-12T09:15:24.137" Score="2" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create .feature files describing your features and scenarios that provide examples of the behavior of those features.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Implement step definitions for the steps in your scenarios&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Extract 'helper methods' that interact with your application via the Page Object pattern (if you are testing through the UI)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Ad 3. You might also want to distinguish 2 layers of helper methods:&#xA;3a. Actions that perform verification on your application (such as verify an element is visible, has a certain value, whatever)&#xA;3b. Interaction with your application via the Page Object pattern, which contain only the controls but have no opinion on whether the actual state is the expected state (as that is determined in your verification actions, see 3a)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You project setup (in Java) would be:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;├── pom.xml*            (containing our Cucumber and JUnit dependencies)&#xA;└── src&#xA;    ├── main&#xA;    │   └── java        (marked as sources root)&#xA;    │   └── resources   (marked as resources root)&#xA;    └── test&#xA;        ├── java        (marked as test sources root)&#xA;        └── resources   (marked as test resources root)&#xA;                └── &amp;lt;project&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;pom.xml - assuming you are using Maven to import your dependencies, and JUnit to run your tests, your pom.xml should include the following dependencies to use Cucumber java:&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;io.cucumber&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-java&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.3.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;io.cucumber&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;cucumber-junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;2.3.1&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;junit&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;version&amp;gt;4.12&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;test&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;(Disclaimer: I cannot advise on Ruby dependency management or structure as I don't use Ruby myself - but it should be something similar)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In addition, you will likely use Selenium to interact with your web pages.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For your consideration: if your intention is to test the internal business logic of the application, consider testing below the GUI - as testing through the UI tends to be slow and flaky.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, I highly recommend &quot;The Cucumber for Java book&quot; (if you will be using Java), or &quot;The Cucumber book&quot; (for Ruby). &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also have a look at the &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-java-skeleton&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-java-skeleton&lt;/a&gt; project to get started with Cucumber java&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-03-14T11:22:29.167" LastActivityDate="2018-03-14T11:22:29.167" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31520" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31499" CreationDate="2018-01-12T14:50:57.207" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;From my perspective you are already doing a lot of things to check if what you created works as you think it should work. A lot of developers don't do that much...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I expect from a QA team (although I am not a favor of this remote and divided setup, to be honest) to investigate themselves if what you did is sensible and OK. And that they &lt;strong&gt;add&lt;/strong&gt; tests for whatever they think is missing or doesn't fulfill the actual need of what you have build. That means they need to understand what the intent is of what has been delivered.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So to me it feels that your offside QA team wants all the details so they can replay what you did. And I have been in that place too. That adds no real value in my book. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To your question: in my view they are wrong, but - I make some personal assumptions here - that is probably how they are used to work. They check to the letter what you have done. Nothing more. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T14:50:57.207" CommentCount="5" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31521" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31487" CreationDate="2018-01-12T15:16:36.683" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have no idea how many people here know anything about &quot;CoreNLP&quot;. To me it seems you are on the right track: e.g. &lt;em&gt;learning what it is&lt;/em&gt;. Go from there. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You won't find copy/paste answers for your challenge. &#xA;So ask yourself: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what is it that I want to know about these functions? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;what do I know that function x should be doing?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How could I check that thing that I want to know? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What would happen if I did this?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;.... (the list is endless)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;To quote Bolton&amp;amp;Bach: “Testing is the process of evaluating a product by learning about it through exploration and experimentation, which includes: questioning, study, modeling, observation and inference, output checking, etc.”&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Welcome to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.satisfice.com/blog/archives/1509&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;testing&lt;/a&gt; world!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T15:16:36.683" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31522" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-12T16:51:22.963" Score="5" ViewCount="76" Body="&lt;p&gt;Maybe not massively common, but what type of approach and or patterns can we apply when we are facing quite a lot of system wide settings that interact heavily with our users permissions and state etc, think global settings applied to all users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When running our tests in a parallelised manner, how best to achieve this without major headaches?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Scenario:&lt;/strong&gt; Consider a setting when enabled applies to &lt;strong&gt;ALL users&lt;/strong&gt;, this setting may be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Enforces two factor auth for every user: **true**&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do we not cause conflicts when running a large suite in parallel where say 15-20% encompass the setting to be &lt;strong&gt;false&lt;/strong&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm thinking maybe run the ones which rely on it after, almost like 2x sequential-parallelised executions if you will.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Curious on some input.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T21:55:16.300" Title="What kind of pattern can we follow when we have a lot of system wide settings in the system?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31523" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31522" CreationDate="2018-01-12T17:52:04.950" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My personal opinion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am not sure if there is a fancy name for this, but I would build a table:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Trying to identify tests that share the most common settings and group them together.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Order them by the number of common settings they share, the less they share, they higher they are ordered. E.g. if they share no settings in common, they should be ranked as No. 1; if they share every setting, they should be ranked the lowest.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Execute them in parallel in this order you get from the previous step.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Question:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you not use virtual environments? If you set up multiple virtual environments, your tests would not be interfering with each other as much.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T17:52:04.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31524" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31522" CreationDate="2018-01-12T20:57:43.977" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have been in similar situation as you. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have been testing authentiation scenarios for users with very different setup. Scenarios can change the state of the user (e.g., lock user out when invalid password is given 5 times in a row), so it was important to use different users for different scenarios. First idea was to create test users for each scenario, but in our case the process of creating a user and granting certain permission is often time-consuming, increasing test execution time significantly, and hard to automate. Instead, we have decided to find users matching prerequisities for certain tests in existing database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here's is how this works:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Test framework finds a group of X users from DB and caches them in a pool available for all tests&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;1st test gets 1st user from the group, 2nd test gets 2nd user from the group, etc.. X-th test gets X-th user from the group, and then (X+1)-th test gets agains 1st user from the group. If you assume that each test uses only one user and number of tests that you can run in parallel is Y, then everything works fine only if Y &amp;lt;=X. Otherwise, two tests running in parallel can accidentally reuse same user at same time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;It is very import that the test leaves the user in clear state after completion.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;There can be mutiple pools for different groups of tests, e.g., a pool of users with TFA, a pool of external users, a pool of users who can login only through SSO, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Obviously, this work if pool of users can be coordinated between tests, e.g., all tests are run in the same JVM. However, in Jenkins you can have additional parallelism, where tests from job A and running in parallel to tests from job B but there is no simple way to share a coordinate user pools between those jobs. The way I solved it was grant each job a specific groupId. &#xA;This way the pool of users for job A gets first group of matching users from DB (1..X matching users from DB), the pool of users for job B gets second group of matching users from DB (X+1..2X matching users from DB), etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="1933" LastEditorUserId="1933" LastEditDate="2018-01-12T21:06:25.850" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T21:06:25.850" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31525" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31522" CreationDate="2018-01-12T21:55:16.300" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can't, easily.  You can potentially divide your tests up into buckets, or whatever you want to call them, and coordinate that &quot;This is the MFA bucket,&quot; and &quot;this is the security disabled bucket,&quot; and so on.  You then have to go through all of your test cases and figure out which ones go into which bucket(s), where you may well need to run a single test case multiple times, if it would be relevant for multiple buckets.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As Yu Zhang said, the real solution to this is virtual/multiple environments.  By definition, if you have settings that impact the entire system, you can't test changes in isolation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastActivityDate="2018-01-12T21:55:16.300" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31526" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31516" CreationDate="2018-01-13T03:45:37.050" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In your case I think you should wait for the webelement to be visible before you try to find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.tagName(&quot;tag_name&quot;)));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2018-01-13T03:45:37.050" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31528" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-13T06:35:53.227" Score="3" ViewCount="405" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have a pretty complex Polymer Single Page Application. It has things like Facebook login, online ordering via credit card, as well as user profiles, image uploads, services offered, real-time chat, etc. It also has real-time updating via Websockets. The app is made up of 108 custom elements, written in about 13000 lines of code client side and 40000 lines of code server side. The vast majority of the custom elements interact with the server.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, I have several &quot;levels&quot; of testing:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing the server calls. This is the easy part: I just use Mocha and Chai, and test the end-point of the app as it is.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing the basic web components. Again, Polymer has a very established testing framework (using Selenium); elements are normally tested using sinon, which will simulate network responses etc. Again, this is a non-issue&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Testing of the &lt;em&gt;actual&lt;/em&gt; app. This is the tricky part: is the &lt;em&gt;online&lt;/em&gt; app &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt; working? For example, it's all fun games, but for the chat to work, you need two different browsers going at the same time, and you need the web-socket connection to be established. You also need to break out of the &quot;testing simulating network connection&quot; mentality, and &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt; run the tests as a full interaction of the user, from chatting to people to receiving an offer from one of those people, to accepting that offer and paying.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This very last point is the sticky one: does it &lt;em&gt;actually&lt;/em&gt; make sense to do it? Are there any examples out there of doing it? Or, is all testing really relegated to simulated network responses?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30296" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:13:13.440" Title="Writing tests for a complex Polymer SPA (single page application)" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;spa&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31530" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31528" CreationDate="2018-01-13T13:21:53.613" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I do not think it makes sense to perform tests like opening two browsers and have them chatting against each other.&#xA;It looks to me that you have step 1 and 2 well covered.&#xA;What I would do is make some smoke tests to test the most important functionality. Let us say, browse the website and check if all the necessary components are loaded and can be interacted with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you were to write a whole test suite for this application, based on the front-end, it will be a PITA to maintain this.&#xA;The lower the test-level the better.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-07-17T14:13:13.440" LastActivityDate="2020-07-17T14:13:13.440" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31531" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27271" CreationDate="2018-01-13T13:24:00.143" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to get this working is to search the dom for the anchor and get the href attribute. Once you have this, you can use this to directly download it to your file system.&#xA;I am not a Python developer but with Java it is as simple as using Apache commons to copy a file from a URL to your filesystem.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="145" LastActivityDate="2018-01-13T13:24:00.143" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31534" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30274" CreationDate="2018-01-14T15:21:12.583" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;I am not looking to testing on all phone/OS combinations. I am asking if I want to troubleshoot on one particular phone/OS combination, what's the way to do it?&quot;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You are asking something &lt;strong&gt;only&lt;/strong&gt; you can answer: whether it is useful or not to investigate a specific combination or not.&#xA;Somebody already pointed out, look at the statistics. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That could actually help you: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How many people are using that combo?  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How often is that specific problem reported?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;How serious does it seem?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Could it be dormant in other combo's as well? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;... and so on&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The question if you should look into it depends also on the possible gain. If you spent weeks to investigate a problem that only happens in 1 of thousands of cases it might be best to leave it and focus on something else. That is a business decision, however.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If it is worthwhile, according to you, to investigate: get that device. There are some providers for online test hardware - never used them - maybe they have the combo you need. And of course the Android emulators might be enough for your combo. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;YMMV...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T15:21:12.583" CommentCount="6" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31535" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-14T16:00:26.220" Score="2" ViewCount="407" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am currently trying to automate an ionic app using Appium and Python. I have the &lt;code&gt;Appium Desktop version 1.7.2&lt;/code&gt; installed. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, if I try opening any ionic app using Appium Desktop, it hangs at the loading screen and the app never shows up for the ui elements to be interacted with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TThsf.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/TThsf.png&quot; alt=&quot;Appium Doctor Screen&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The app opens perfectly fine in the emulator though&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PZit0.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/PZit0.png&quot; alt=&quot;Emulator&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My &lt;code&gt;capabilities&lt;/code&gt; are &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;{&#xA;  &quot;app&quot;: &quot;/Users/zac/Downloads/Demo_ionic.apk&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;platformName&quot;: &quot;Android&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;platformVersion&quot;: &quot;8&quot;,&#xA;  &quot;deviceName&quot;: &quot;Pixel 2 XL&quot;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have even tried setting the &lt;code&gt;autoWebview&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; but it just opens the browser , which I don't want right now.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any solutions would be highly appreciated. The &lt;code&gt;apk&lt;/code&gt; can be found here : &lt;a href=&quot;https://apkpure.com/constantine-ionic-demo/com.ionicframework.constantine199683&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://apkpure.com/constantine-ionic-demo/com.ionicframework.constantine199683&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried with multiple ionic .apk files and none of them seem to work on Appium desktop. I am having no problem getting the native apps to open on it, so I think I am missing something here. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2020-05-02T00:04:10.383" Title="Appium Desktop won't open for Ionic App" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;appium&gt;&lt;mobile-automation&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31536" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="1152" CreationDate="2018-01-14T18:55:25.780" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It sounds to me like you are not reusing your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think you can run a comprehensive UI test automation with a complex UI unless you start early. It's still a good idea though! But I think details like scroll position are not your focus here. (Maybe we just did it wrong)&#xA;In our UI tests we test use cases and some general smoke tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So maybe it's a design issue?!&#xA;If you encapsulate the UI into controls and reuse them, they are less likely to break.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I know the instinct to blame testers, but as a developer I need to focus on creating fewer bugs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I use designs that encapsulate things that change and components that are reused.&#xA;Decouple your design so you can reuse components that proved to work.&#xA;For us TDD did the trick.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30307" LastActivityDate="2018-01-14T18:55:25.780" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31537" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31499" CreationDate="2018-01-14T20:26:59.713" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Generally ,business facing Tests should be designed by the tester, and technology facing tests should be designed by the developer ,assuming testers are only involved in black box functional testing which may vary team to team.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are following agile, every user story should have well-defined acceptance criteria which should be enough basis to derive business facing tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-02-15T21:42:07.347" LastActivityDate="2018-02-15T21:42:07.347" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31538" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-14T21:39:28.043" Score="4" ViewCount="3397" Body="&lt;p&gt;I was reading articles about best practices of test automation and I found something interesting. An author of &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/top-15-ui-test-automation-best-practices-you-should-follow&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Top 15 UI Test Automation Best Practices You Should Follow&lt;/a&gt;, Yuri Bushnev, wrote:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This is an example of a bad test name:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test public void&#xA;flightSearchTest() {.....} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;It is bad because it doesn’t tell any&#xA;  details about the test scenario. This is an example of a well named&#xA;  test:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test public void&#xA;userShouldBeAbleToFindFlightsFromBostonToNewYork() {.....}   &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;This test&#xA;  name is much better because in the case of a failed test, you&#xA;  immediately understand which functionality failed and you don’t need&#xA;  to go inside the test and verify which it actually does. It’s just a&#xA;  matter of taste, but many engineers prefer to use the “_” separation&#xA;  approach instead of the CamelCase:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;@Test public void&#xA;user_should_be_able_to_find_flights_from_Boston_to_New_York() {.....} &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;But again, this is just a matter of taste.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not experienced in test automation but it's the first time when I see that someone is using this kind of name convention. I'd like to ask for your opinion and your experience, best practices in this area&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30019" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T01:28:56.643" Title="How should we name the automated tests?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31539" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31538" CreationDate="2018-01-14T22:36:06.377" Score="4" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;The whole idea is, a failed test by the name itself should tell the specifics of what functionality is broken.Ex. reviseOrderToChangeColor&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In my personal opinion, what specific convention you follow does not matter much if fulfills the end goal.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-05-31T01:28:56.643" LastActivityDate="2018-05-31T01:28:56.643" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31540" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31538" CreationDate="2018-01-15T00:22:13.360" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMO, It is suggested to name the tests in meaningful way to let the peers know what the test case do, by reading the name itself&#xA;We generally follow this structure however you can tailor it as per needs.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ShortSummaryofWhataTestCasedo&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and followed a comment having a traceability feature/Story that the test case is part of.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;TC_&amp;lt;uniqueid&amp;gt;_&amp;lt;AppName&amp;gt;_&amp;lt;ModuleName&amp;gt;_&amp;lt;Story/featureName&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This would let other technical and non technical testers to understand what an automated test do and if require others find it easy to search through automation repositories and maintain it. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13239" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T00:22:13.360" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31541" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31538" CreationDate="2018-01-15T02:44:53.033" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;My personal opinion is it depends.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Why do we need to carefully name a method?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;We need to pass on information as concise as possible to other people and to ourselves in a few weeks.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Programming is very much like telling a story to others, it is not just about us, it is more about other people. So:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Can you please first consult with your technical peers about establishing a naming convention? &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If there is already a naming convention in place, follow it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have personally encountered the following problems regarding naming:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Company's official styling plug-in does not like certain names, especially long names. I understand a longer name is normally more descriptive, but it does not help if it triggers styling warnings all the time.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Some applications may not recognize excessively long names, the program would not even build without errors. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In the end, you will notice you'll have to make compromises between &lt;strong&gt;information-richness&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;length&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;company styling policy&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;peer-pressure&lt;/strong&gt;. What is acceptable in one company may be a taboo in an other.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T02:44:53.033" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31542" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31512" CreationDate="2018-01-15T05:45:05.513" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;In ideal world you should have &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-functional_requirements_framework&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;NFRs&lt;/a&gt; which describe in details what is expected and what are the acceptable ranges for different metrics and pass them along with other (functional) requirements to the company. The underlying reason is that performance needs to be checked on early stages as it will appear that your application needs to scale and the company designed it in an unscalable way - they will need to re-implement its core from scratch. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Normally people are interested in answers to the following questions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will my application support &lt;strong&gt;X users&lt;/strong&gt; providing &lt;strong&gt;reasonable&lt;/strong&gt; response time where &quot;reasonable&quot; may vary depending on your application nature - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Load Testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Will my application support prolonged load (there are no memory leaks, it doesn't run out of free space, there is no performance degradation over time) - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soak_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Soak Testing&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;What is the maximum amount of users my application can handle before breaking (or response time starts exceeding acceptable) - &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Stress Testing&lt;/a&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The metrics mostly depend on your application nature and your NFRs, the most commonly used &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/performance-metrics-websites&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;performance metrics for web applications&lt;/a&gt; are:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Response Time (average/min/max/median/90%)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Throughput (number of requests/transactions/bytes per second)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Resources consumption (CPU, RAM, Swap, Disk, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T05:45:05.513" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31544" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-15T08:42:24.387" Score="1" ViewCount="7646" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm new to protractor, can somebody tell me how to fix error code 105&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Q$ protractor conf.js&#xA;&#xA;[16:29:26] E/configParser - Error code: 105&#xA;[16:29:26] E/configParser - Error message: failed loading configuration file conf.js&#xA;[16:29:26] E/configParser - Error: Cannot find module '/Users/q/conf.js'&#xA;    at Function.Module._resolveFilename (module.js:538:15)&#xA;    at Function.Module._load (module.js:468:25)&#xA;    at Module.require (module.js:587:17)&#xA;    at require (internal/module.js:11:18)&#xA;    at ConfigParser.addFileConfig (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/protractor/built/configParser.js:128:26)&#xA;    at Object.initFn [as init] (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/protractor/built/launcher.js:93:22)&#xA;    at Object.&amp;lt;anonymous&amp;gt; (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/protractor/built/cli.js:219:10)&#xA;    at Module._compile (module.js:643:30)&#xA;    at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:654:10)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to do this using tutorial on protractor site.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30315" LastEditorUserId="8992" LastEditDate="2018-04-15T13:04:02.833" LastActivityDate="2020-07-10T06:28:28.670" Title="Protractor : How to resolve &quot;failed loading configuration file conf.js&quot;" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31545" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31544" CreationDate="2018-01-15T09:26:28.800" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Error: Cannot find module '/Users/q/conf.js'&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Seems that you're probably running your protractor CLI command from a directory that the file doesn't exist in. It looks like you're trying to run this from your user's home directory and not a project folder, etc. so I'm a little suspicious based on those paths.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9114" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T09:26:28.800" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31549" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-15T11:56:33.727" Score="-2" ViewCount="2411" Body="&lt;p&gt;Basically our test scenario is about adding a party, so whenever we execute the script, every time it should be able to add a new party. But we are unable to see any party created apart from the one that was created while recording the script. I believe this can probably be a issue of some dynamic value but unable to identify it. We used a reg exp for view states already, And session Id is getting generated in the cookie, so do we need to manage anything for that too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30320" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T07:41:22.113" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T07:41:22.113" Title="I'm trying to run my JMeter script but it is not executing as expected" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;&lt;load-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-01-24T10:28:11.267" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31551" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31554" CreationDate="2018-01-15T13:45:24.483" Score="-1" ViewCount="946" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am new to jmeter and trying to send an email using SMTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my sampler:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v18Ir.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/v18Ir.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this is the error results:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread Name: REST example 1-3&#xA;Sample Start: 2018-01-15 14:34:54 CET&#xA;Load time: 21003&#xA;Connect Time: 0&#xA;Latency: 0&#xA;Size in bytes: 173&#xA;Sent bytes:0&#xA;Headers size in bytes: 0&#xA;Body size in bytes: 173&#xA;Sample Count: 1&#xA;Error Count: 1&#xA;Data type (&quot;text&quot;|&quot;bin&quot;|&quot;&quot;): text&#xA;Response code: 500&#xA;Response message: Could not connect to SMTP host: smtp.gmail.com, port: 587&#xA;&#xA;Response headers:&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;SampleResult fields:&#xA;ContentType: &#xA;DataEncoding: null&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please how to fix it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29896" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T14:53:29.950" Title="jmeter - Could not connect to SMTP host: smtp.gmail.com, port: 587" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;functional&gt;&lt;email&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ClosedDate="2018-01-20T03:16:01.357" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31552" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-15T14:14:39.657" Score="16" ViewCount="15089" Body="&lt;p&gt;While interviewing a QA candidate, we showed him our company's game from the Google Play Store.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We asked him to play a bit and tell what the game is about. The game is simple enough, and we expect him to quickly understand when the game is over, what each item gives the player, etc. This is a test to see his logical thinking.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After that, we told him to test the game at home and find critical bugs, such as crashes, game freezes, wrong game-play and other situations that can frustrate the player. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is the second candidate that sends results for about 6-9 issues found. The issues are mostly UI specific, such as when you press 2 buttons simultaneously or 2 buttons in a sequence in the menu, or when you turn the internet on and off and then press &quot;Show an ad&quot;. Nothing related to the core gameplay, and nothing really critical. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point we are unsure whether the candidates aren't good enough or we aren't good enough interviewers to give the right task. We are developers and we have just started trying to hire a QA for our team. Should we fully describe the game and only then ask to find bugs? Or should we do anything else?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30326" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T21:08:15.627" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T21:08:15.627" Title="While hiring can I ask a QA candidate to find bugs on this game as an interview homework" Tags="&lt;mobile&gt;&lt;interview&gt;" AnswerCount="9" CommentCount="8" FavoriteCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31554" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31551" CreationDate="2018-01-15T14:53:29.950" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;First of all try connecting to test connectivity to &lt;code&gt;smtp.gmail.com:587&lt;/code&gt; using &lt;a href=&quot;https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc771275(v=ws.10).aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;telnet tool&lt;/a&gt; or equivalent. If you cannot - it might be the case you're behind the corporate firewall and you'll need to &quot;tell&quot; JMeter to use your corporate proxy. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#proxy_server&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP&lt;/a&gt; add the next lines to &lt;em&gt;system.properties&lt;/em&gt; file:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;http.proxyHost=your_proxy_host&#xA;http.proxyPort=your_proxy_port&#xA;https.proxyHost=your_proxy_host&#xA;https.proxyPort=your_proxy_port&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for SMTP set the &lt;a href=&quot;https://javaee.github.io/javamail/FAQ#proxy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;following property&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;socksProxyHost=your_proxy_host&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can also pass them to JMeter startup script via &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#override&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;-D command-line argument&lt;/a&gt; like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;jmeter -DsocksProxyHost=your_proxy_host&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/apache-jmeter-properties-customization&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter Properties Customization Guide&lt;/a&gt; article to learn more about JMeter properties and ways of setting and overriding them.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T14:53:29.950" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31555" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-15T15:45:26.330" Score="78" Body="&lt;p&gt;This may be culture-specific, but from my point of view, you’re asking for someone to work for free.  The interview should be the interview; you don’t ask someone to do more work after the interview.  And from your point of view, how do you know you can trust that the person in question was the one who did the homework?  If you want them to do some live testing, which I’m not convinced is a good idea, have them do it in your presence.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also, from a testing point of view, it’s very hard to do that in isolation.  They’d need a very complete spec, or someone to ask questions of, to understand what the proper behavior is.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And, finally, it's not clear to me what the point of the exercise is.  An interview is a way for you to find out if the candidate is the right fit for the job, and the job is the right fit for the candidate.  How does having someone test an app, not in your presence, help with that?  If you were having them do testing in your presence, while asking them to describe their thought process, or ask them to put a test approach together, I would see that as having value.  But (I'm guessing) wanting to hire whoever finds the most bugs in your app is problematic at best.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7599" LastEditorUserId="7599" LastEditDate="2018-01-16T02:00:42.670" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T02:00:42.670" CommentCount="9" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31556" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-15T15:54:28.297" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;Your practice is great, many companies do not do it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When doing exploratory tests, one should take notes so he can map what he is seeing and what he want to explore further and get clarifications about. Also, a good testers should be able to explain how and why he is testing, its techniques and goals. Communication is crucial for good testing.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As far for your concerns, two candidates is not so great sample to drawn conclusions, but maybe change the task from a homework to a live exercise can improve results. Doing pair-testing, making the candidate work together with others candidates or some employee**, may clarify to you if the candidate is able to do structure and professional testing, and communicate it to others.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;On my opinion, looking for the mid/long term in the company, these characteristics are more important than the specific errors the he is able to find in the game. People have different backgrounds in different domains - unless your company is a game company, you should try to avoid this bias through making the found bugs something secondary.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;** In this case, the candidate should drive the testing a bit more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T15:54:28.297" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31557" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-15T16:14:33.573" Score="6" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it works better if you use an application that you know has issues as that helps you see if people find the deep issues or only the shallow ones. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I for instance use applications that I got from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.developsense.com/courses.html&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;RST&lt;/a&gt; training with Michael Bolton. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It also helps if you ask yourself what you would expect beforehand when they do a challenge like this. For me, in your story, the more you need to hint &amp;amp; explain, the more the red flag is waving, TBH. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The homework is less useful, just let somebody work for an hour or so and then discuss what they did. Let them explain their thinking. If you are looking to hard to find something useful in a candidate it is likely not the one you are looking for. Unless you want to spent a lot of time teaching them, that could be different...&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A good read is this one from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kaner.com/pdfs/JobsRev6.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cem Kaner&lt;/a&gt; and another one from &lt;a href=&quot;http://staqs.com/pubs/Hiring_Testers_PC2007.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;Paul Carvalho&lt;/a&gt;. Or see this &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.gurock.com/interview-recruit-testers/&quot; rel=&quot;noreferrer&quot;&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt;. But there are many more ;-)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I like the way you are addressing this, including the critical self reflection! I wish more teams/companies would do that.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14324" LastEditorUserId="14324" LastEditDate="2018-01-15T16:19:41.613" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T16:19:41.613" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31558" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-15T18:00:24.363" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;2 candidates is a small sample pool to go on as already mentioned. Another thing to consider (which I never did before until it was pointed out to me) was:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you let the candidate know in advance that they are going to have a practical test to do?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Do you let them know they will have some take home work?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Reasons for asking this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Depending on the candidate and their nervousness, springing a test on them unannounced may cause them to be more nervous and perhaps not perform at their best. Letting them know in advance helps them to be less nervous about it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If they didn't know they had some take home work after the interview, they may not have allowed time for it. If the candidate is interviewing in other companies they will have that to contend with along with a full time job (most likely). If the homework is unexpected, it may well be that the candidate is struggling to find the time to fit it in.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I think you have the right idea for how to interview but I would suggest removing the homework and instead do it all in the interview session paired as JoãoGFarias already suggested. In my own experience, paired sessions definitely helped me to find the candidate I was looking for. I thought about what did I actually want from the candidate? Did I want lots of bugs reported or to see how they thought critically about the application? How did the candidate interact with the team. It is also hugely positive as an interviewee to get that real time interaction with your potential future co-workers to see how you would work with them.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Should we fully describe the game and only then ask to find bugs?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I don't think you need to do this. I would suggest giving some background (which it sounds like you've already done). A strong tester will usually start asking questions pretty quickly trying to clarify any uncertainties they might have. This is another good interaction experience for them and you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I would also recommend checking out &lt;a href=&quot;https://club.ministryoftesting.com/t/does-anyone-do-any-practical-interview-tests/1161/7&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this advice&lt;/a&gt; from a now tester who used to be a recruiter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30038" LastActivityDate="2018-01-15T18:00:24.363" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31559" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-16T02:15:07.350" Score="10" Body="&lt;p&gt;I think it's a good practice to give some demo Game &amp;amp; ask the tester to find some bugs in the game it helps to figure out these basic qualities of the candidate like.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Judgement Capability&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Decision making capability (Bug or not)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Attention to details (Instruction sheet)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Efficiency of the candidate&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Focus on random application (Layman approach)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Flexibility with the situation &amp;amp; work&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Time management&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Observation of the random application....&amp;amp; much more&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;here you made some mistake which I think you should improve&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is a wrong application as this game is in production, you may give some of your game(not in production) or any beta version game.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Don't ask someone for homework, better to give application and ask to find bugs in your office otherwise you will never come to know that whether candidate finds these bug or some professional game tester at home.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is one of the tuff jobs to find the bug before the interview so don't restrict tester to find only &quot;critical&quot; bug.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Give them one hour time &amp;amp; then conduct the interview, ask about there experience judge the qualities of the candidate as mention above.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;As you say that you are developer interview a tester in such a way that like he/she is an end user.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ask some basic manual testing question to make sure about testing concepts(as per resume).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's not required to explain the game to tester let him/her understand the game figure out his layman approach and understanding about new things.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="14740" LastEditDate="2018-01-16T03:46:13.893" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T03:46:13.893" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31560" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="6576" CreationDate="2018-01-16T04:23:21.570" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Ranorex is a tool for GUI testing, and you need pay license fee for each test machine.&#xA;You can try TE.exe from WDK, mainly features:&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;1. executes tests in parallel:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;te.exe test1.dll /parallel&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&#xA;&lt;strong&gt;2. executes tests on remote machine:&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;  &lt;em&gt;te.exe test1.dll /runon:MACHINE_HAS_TE_INSTALLED&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27714" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T04:23:21.570" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31562" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="20331" CreationDate="2018-01-16T04:32:39.980" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just download UI spy tools from:&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/blackrosezy/gui-inspect-tool&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/blackrosezy/gui-inspect-tool&lt;/a&gt; and see it can fetch UI information from your GUI.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27714" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T04:32:39.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31563" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31549" CreationDate="2018-01-16T05:27:08.610" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/4-things-you-should-never-do-your-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4 Things You Should Never Do with Your JMeter Script&lt;/a&gt; guide:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Don’t run the script exactly as you recorded it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;After recording your script, there is still some work to do before you run it. It’s necessary to correlate variables, parameterize and add elements, to faithfully simulate users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So make sure you:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;correlate all dynamic parameters using relevant &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#postprocessors&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Post-Processors&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;inspect all request and especially response details using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener - it might be the case your application returns response indicating what went wrong. If not - just make sure JMeter sends the same requests as browser does (apart from dynamic parameters)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;JMeter automatically considers &lt;a href=&quot;https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Status Codes&lt;/a&gt; below 400 as successful, it doesn't do any extra checks so if you want JMeter to automatically fail requests which did not generate &amp;quot;parties&amp;quot; - consider adding i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertion&lt;/a&gt; to them and define pass/fail criteria.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastEditorUserId="-1" LastEditDate="2020-06-17T09:40:03.100" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T05:27:08.610" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31567" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="13318" CreationDate="2018-01-16T10:37:25.370" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could have a test maturity assessment been executed, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testing_Maturity_Model&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TMM&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sogeti.com/solutions/testing/tpi/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;TPI(r)&lt;/a&gt;. That gives you information about the maturity of the test processes in an organisation, and provides targets on improving maturity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="20899" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T10:37:25.370" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31568" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-16T10:40:38.810" Score="-1" ViewCount="124" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my scenario I have multiple classes using&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(&quot;URL&quot;);&#xA;            driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;userName&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;jordan&quot;);&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.Id(&quot;password&quot;)).SendKeys(&quot;54321&quot; + Keys.Enter);&#xA;            driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;When I execute the line&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I get Exception Error&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Source Code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a class=&quot;hr&quot; href=&quot;URL&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;div class=&quot;foo pixelated&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;img class=&quot;hr_resp&quot; src=&quot;/Content/images/splash-images/icon_hr.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:25px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                            &amp;lt;img class=&quot;hr_resp&quot; src=&quot;/Content/images/splash-images/icon_hr_hub1.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:25px;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&#xA;                        &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Hr Managment&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&#xA;                    &amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30347" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-16T14:15:23.553" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:17:21.667" Title="Can any one help how to use Selenium Web Driver" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="8" ClosedDate="2018-01-20T03:15:16.087" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31569" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-16T11:41:42.127" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In the interview you concentrate to ask questions related to specific app only related to you.I strongly believe this is a wrong way,briefly you must assume and do this a part from the interview not at all.First ask questions related to testing techniques and the projects he was working in if the candidate has working experience, then give him general knowledge about the task that he will test it for example you explain what the game do,after that let him thinking to write test plan and test cases to start testing the game.Finally rate the candidate according to all above. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T11:41:42.127" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31571" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31568" CreationDate="2018-01-16T13:37:16.917" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Would you please try this :&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;&quot;));&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you use chrome, in the source code, right click on  the line &lt;code&gt;&quot;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;foo pixelated&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; and choose copy then copy XPath and paste it above.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T12:17:21.667" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:17:21.667" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31572" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31568" CreationDate="2018-01-16T14:28:54.517" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try to comment/delete this line &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;&quot;));&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; As I think it is not doing any thing in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before trying to find the element wait for it to get loaded.&#xA;You can do that by using &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;Thread.sleep()&lt;/code&gt; [Which is not advisable]&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;You can use WebDriverWait to check whether the element is loaded or not. Then do a &lt;code&gt;driver.findelement()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Always ask question with all the relevant details or else others will not be able to help. Go through this link &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/help/how-to-ask&quot;&gt;how to ask question&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19440" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T14:28:54.517" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31573" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31568" CreationDate="2018-01-16T15:11:15.377" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have doubt about using the &lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.ClassName(//class name of the element))&lt;/code&gt; please use the below link it's described how to find element using the class name &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.softwaretestingmaterial.com/how-to-locate-element-by-class-name-locator/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Blog link-softwaretestingmaterial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/By.ByClassName.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Git hub-seleniumhq.github&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Initially search your question if any other questions answers are&#xA;  posted related to your asking question in before post your question.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27408" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T12:16:25.660" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:16:25.660" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31574" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31568" CreationDate="2018-01-16T15:16:15.067" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.FindElement(By.ClassName(&quot;&quot;))&lt;/code&gt; - you need to provide a class name. Your argument is empty, obviously it cannot find it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7552" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T15:16:15.067" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31576" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="14714" CreationDate="2018-01-16T15:36:52.920" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Looking at your code, I think this line is not needed:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; windowTab = new ArrayList&amp;lt;String&amp;gt;(driver.getWindowHandles());&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to switch tabs use code like the example below:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String currentscreen = driver.getWindowHandle(); //for identifying the current window&#xA;Set&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; tabSet = driver.getWindowHandles(); //to get total window&#xA;for (String tab : tabSet) {&#xA;    if (!tab.equals(currentscreen)) {&#xA;       driver.switchTo().window(tab);&#xA;       //and do the actions you need here  &#xA;       String url = driver.getCurrentUrl();&#xA;       System.out.println(url);&#xA;     }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It prints the URL only one time if you have only one different tab compared to the current tab.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27408" LastEditorUserId="25505" LastEditDate="2018-01-16T18:13:57.903" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T18:13:57.903" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31577" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-16T16:20:17.607" Score="37" Body="&lt;p&gt;IMO, your interview process shows that your company doesn't really understand QA to begin with.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;QA has specific goals.  It isn't &quot;sit here with our software for x hours and figure things out&quot;.  It needs to be clearly categorized, and there should be a pass/fail list of objectives.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your scenario is unrealistic, because there is no way to ever finish.  At how many hours is the QA complete?  10?  100?  1000?  How many bugs are enough?  Did you put bugs in the software for your candidates to find?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is in addition to working for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17297" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T16:20:17.607" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31578" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-16T16:38:44.943" Score="11" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;And as a homework we have asked to test the game and find critical bugs&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No, no, no.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is not your place to give &quot;homework&quot; from a job interview, least of all &quot;homework&quot; that involves doing your job for you for free.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Nothing related to the core gameplay, and nothing really critical.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm not surprised &amp;mdash; you put in place no structure. No quality or functional targets specified, no adequate issue reporting procedure, no way to follow-up with devs, and er no pay.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;So at this point we are unclear, do we have not enough good candidates&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Your good candidates did not get back to you because they would not want to work for you.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;We are not enough good interviewers to give the right task?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;No.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However, to add something positive, I do like the face-to-face technique you described.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="15872" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T16:38:44.943" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31579" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-16T16:46:19.520" Score="1" ViewCount="145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to test a list of sites with Jmeter.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I need to test a list of links from various sites using jmeter. The files are in a Excel column and I need to know their response time.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How do I accomplish this using jmeter?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30358" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T18:01:25.417" Title="Test around 90 sites with jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31580" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31579" CreationDate="2018-01-16T18:01:25.417" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Export your Excel file to CSV file, i.e. &lt;code&gt;urls.csv&lt;/code&gt; and copy it to &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Create an empty &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Plan&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Test Plan&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Thread_Group&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Thread Group&lt;/a&gt; to your Test Plan and set &quot;Loop Count&quot; to &lt;code&gt;-1&lt;/code&gt; (or tick &quot;Forever&quot; box) &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NdQd7.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/NdQd7.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Thread Group&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;https://guide.blazemeter.com/hc/en-us/articles/206733689-Using-CSV-DATA-SET-CONFIG&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; inside the Thread Group and configure it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EzymF.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/EzymF.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter CSV Data Set Config&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request&lt;/a&gt; sampler to your Test Plan and configure it like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uyNMs.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/uyNMs.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter HTTP&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_in_Table&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results in Table&lt;/a&gt; listener to your Test Plan and run your test. You should see URLs, response time, and few other metrics in the listener. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jXIP9.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/jXIP9.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter View Results Table&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T18:01:25.417" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31581" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27328" CreationDate="2018-01-16T20:17:15.033" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;As seen on &lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=639#c36&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;chromium bug #639&lt;/a&gt;, try setting &lt;code&gt;useAutomationExtension&lt;/code&gt; to false.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;options.setExperimentalOption(&quot;useAutomationExtension&quot;, false);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30363" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T20:17:15.033" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31582" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31552" CreationDate="2018-01-16T21:16:39.967" Score="31" Body="&lt;p&gt;You know, the funny thing is, this &lt;em&gt;almost&lt;/em&gt; became a good interview tool.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I walked in to a QA interview, and the interviewer said, &quot;By the way, when you're done, we'd like you to bug-hunt our production product when you go home,&quot; my first thought would be: You clearly don't care about your QA programmers (Why would you?  If you feel you can get random strangers in interviews to do their job for free, you clearly don't respect them!)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If, instead, the interviewer said, &quot;Here's a version of our product, before it hit QA, 2 years ago.  QA found a number of bugs, and later, users found a few more.  We'd like you to do a trial QA run on this for 30 minutes, focusing on ABC and XYZ, and see what issues you're able to spot.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;... the difference?  Instead of thinking, &quot;Oh, I see - you view me as free labor&quot; - I'd instead think, &quot;I'm being compared with their existing/prior QA staff.&quot;  Best thing is, it's a lot more clear-cut from your perspective: you can compare their list of found issues versus a historical baseline (and even better, you can see if they have a fresh perspective and would've caught issues that the existing QA staff missed.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As you currently handled it?  I'll second what Lightness said: the good, talented employees are saying, &quot;No way&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30367" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T21:16:39.967" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31583" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-16T21:22:36.743" Score="0" ViewCount="75" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider a somewhat old monolith application, there are no APIs available for the likes of creating users etc.  In this instance which approach is best in terms of handling test data setup etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Prepopulate the database with data sets and have tests use specific data, restoring the database at the beginning of the pipeline so state is always set? obviously this has some down sides.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Input into the database as the tests are executing, e.g addUser(); would add a new user calling some Stored procedure or just run queries using JDBC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Input the data using WebDriver itself, this one is insane..&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best approach?  To me its pre populating the database with an assortment of accounts and using those directly in the tests, as a short term approach until APIs can be developed to aid with this process?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2018-02-16T01:53:21.440" Title="What is the best approach when dealing with tightly coupled ui and business logic?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31585" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31583" CreationDate="2018-01-16T21:50:24.707" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would investigate adding APIs for the creating the data you need.   If that's not possible, I would consider looking for another job. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="246" LastActivityDate="2018-01-16T21:50:24.707" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31586" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31583" CreationDate="2018-01-17T01:26:32.510" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;When I did something like this I went with option 2. I created new data before every test case. While this was pretty safe (each test used unique data) I would probably do it differently next time. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you have tests that do not change the data, why not re-use it? If you do change data, maybe roll back any changes before the next test. That way you only need to define the different states of data that matter. Rolling back changes will have a perf hit, but I think it would help with maintaining sanity.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="17323" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T01:26:32.510" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31587" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-17T02:58:03.563" Score="-1" ViewCount="1750" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm having issues looking for this specific input:&#xA;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;input type=&quot;text&quot; class=&quot;criteriaFieldInput ui-autocomplete-input&quot; id=&quot;KEYWORD&quot; isautosuggest=&quot;true&quot; suggestid=&quot;1&quot; isolf=&quot;false&quot; isphrase=&quot;false&quot; value=&quot;0090653 &quot; autocomplete=&quot;off&quot; role=&quot;textbox&quot; aria-autocomplete=&quot;list&quot; aria-haspopup=&quot;true&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried the following solution &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24369249/python-with-selenium-unable-to-locate-element-which-really-exist&quot;&gt;from this question.&lt;/a&gt;&#xA;&lt;br/&gt; but still wasn't able to get it to resolve&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'm always getting this output:&#xA;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;code&gt;selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: Unable to locate element: //*[@id=&quot;KEYWORD&quot;]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone have any other solution I can try to solve this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30374" LastEditorUserId="37791" LastEditDate="2020-03-16T06:34:29.610" LastActivityDate="2021-01-15T15:01:25.200" Title="Python Selenium: Unable to find a element when the element already exists" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31588" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31813" CreationDate="2018-01-17T06:06:02.403" Score="1" ViewCount="6739" Body="&lt;p&gt;I need to automate the two Web applications in parallel and that needs to validate in Chrome browsers.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So I have two testng XML files(&lt;strong&gt;testng1.xml&lt;/strong&gt; and &lt;strong&gt;testng2.xml&lt;/strong&gt;),  my scenario is to launch one chrome browser per xml file, so two chrome browsers in parallel.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also I have common class for launching Chrome browser where I have initialized the webdriver.  &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Launch Browser code:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class LaunchBrowser&#xA;{&#xA;    public static WebDriver driver = null;&#xA;&#xA;    public LaunchBrowser()&#xA;    {&#xA;&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    public LaunchBrowser(WebDriver drive)&#xA;    {&#xA;      driver=drive;&#xA;      System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\selenium\\drivers\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;      driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;      driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;   @Test&#xA;   public void initDriver()&#xA;   {&#xA;     if (driver == null)&#xA;     {&#xA;        System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;C:\\selenium\\drivers\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;        driver = new ChromeDriver();&#xA;        driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;     }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;}&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;testng1.xml&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite1&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Browser&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.ci.selenium.LaunchBrowser&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Google&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.ci.selenium.Google&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;&amp;lt;test name=&quot;Gmail&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.ci.selenium.GmailLogin&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;    &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;testng2.xml&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;suite name=&quot;Suite2&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;test name=&quot;01StackOverflow&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;       &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.ci.selenium.Stackoverflow&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&#xA;  &amp;lt;test name=&quot;02StackLogin&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;classes&amp;gt;&#xA;        &amp;lt;class name=&quot;com.ci.selenium.StackLogin&quot; /&amp;gt;&#xA;     &amp;lt;/classes&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;/test&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/suite&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Google Class in xml1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Google&#xA;{&#xA;   WebDriver d;&#xA;&#xA;   LaunchBrowser l = new LaunchBrowser();&#xA;&#xA;   @BeforeClass&#xA;   public void launch()&#xA;   {&#xA;     LaunchBrowser ll = new LaunchBrowser(d);&#xA;   }&#xA;   @Test&#xA;   public void f() throws InterruptedException&#xA;   {      &#xA;      l.getURL(&quot;https://www.google.co.in&quot;);&#xA;      Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;      System.out.println(&quot;google&quot;);&#xA;   }&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;GmailLogin Class in xml1&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public class Gmail&#xA; {&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void test() throws InterruptedException&#xA;    {&#xA;      driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//a[@href='https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=wm'][text()='Gmail']&quot;)).click();&#xA;      Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;    }&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;StackOverflow class in xml2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;public class Stackoverflow&#xA;{&#xA;  WebDriver d1;&#xA;&#xA;  LaunchBrowser l = new LaunchBrowser(d1);&#xA;&#xA;  @Test&#xA;  public void f() throws InterruptedException &#xA;  {&#xA;     System.out.println(l==null ? &quot;null&quot; : &quot;not null&quot;);&#xA;     l.getURL(&quot;https://stackoverflow.com&quot;);&#xA;     Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;     System.out.println(&quot;Stack&quot;);&#xA;  }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;StackOverflow Login&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; public class StackLogin&#xA; {&#xA;&#xA;    LaunchBrowser l = new LaunchBrowser();&#xA;&#xA;    @Test&#xA;    public void f() throws InterruptedException&#xA;    {&#xA;      l.xpathClick(&quot;//a[@href='https://stackoverflow.com/users/login?&#xA; ssrc=head&amp;amp;returnurl=https%3a%2f%2fstackoverflow.com%2f']&quot;)).click();&#xA;     Thread.sleep(3000);&#xA;    }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The above code is not running in parallel exceution. So kindly help to resolve this scenario.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28274" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T10:58:58.707" Title="How to Launch multiple Chrome Browsers in Parallel using TestNG" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;&lt;chromedriver&gt;&lt;xml-file&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="6" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31589" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-17T06:48:00.250" Score="2" ViewCount="9335" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run a test in Jmeter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;After that terminate it abnormally.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;GUI is showing that test has been stooped but the test is being run at the backend&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I tried to close it from the close button but it is giving a warning that the test is being run firstly Stop or shut down it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;I closed the same by closing the cmd window of Jmeter but the test is getting executed after restarting of Jmeter.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28008" LastActivityDate="2018-07-16T10:35:23.643" Title="Jmeter Test is not getting stopped?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31592" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31589" CreationDate="2018-01-17T07:37:01.563" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;It might indicate that the machine you're running JMeter at is overloaded. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Don't run load tests using GUI mode, GUI is designed for tests development and debugging only, when it comes to test execution make sure to run your test in &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/get-started.html#non_gui&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;command-line non-GUI mode&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure you're following &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter Best Practices&lt;/a&gt; and recommendations from the &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/9-easy-solutions-jmeter-load-test-%E2%80%9Cout-memory%E2%80%9D-failure&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;9 Easy Solutions for a JMeter Load Test “Out of Memory” Failure&lt;/a&gt; guide. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Make sure JMeter has enough headroom to operate in terms of CPU, RAM, Network and Disk IO. If machine doesn't have enough resources to simulate that many users as you defined your results will not be accurate as JMeter will not be able to send requests fast enough. You can monitor baseline underlying OS health metrics using i.e. &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter-plugins.org/wiki/PerfMon/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;PerfMon Plugin&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Assuming all above you should be able to terminate your test gracefully using either &lt;code&gt;shutdown.cmd&lt;/code&gt; shell script or forcefully using &lt;code&gt;stoptest.cmd&lt;/code&gt; script. Both scripts are located under &quot;bin&quot; folder of your JMeter installation. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If after applying above hints you still experience problems you will have to consider going for &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/remote-test.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Distributed Testing&lt;/a&gt; as it indicates that single machine cannot kick off that many threads (virtual users) as you require.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T07:37:01.563" CommentCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31594" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="8571" CreationDate="2018-01-17T09:51:09.523" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could have a look at FitNesse, which uses a wiki where they can write tests, rather than Gherkin. But they will still need to have someone who can automate fixtures for the tests to use.&#xA;Personally, I prefer Cucumber over Fitnesse, as it's easier to get to the code from the test (Gherkin) and see what it actually does. (But I can write and read Java), whereas in Fitnesse it's quite hard to get to the code and see how it works (at least in the implementations I've seen).&#xA;&quot;Hiding&quot; the code might appeal to this QA team more.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, I agree with the other answers: record-playback will be hard to maintain, there will always be a need for some programming (if only to add new test features).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T09:51:09.523" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31595" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="18503" CreationDate="2018-01-17T09:59:01.270" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use Cucumber with either JUnit or TestNG, if you want to run it from a test framework.&#xA;You can also run it directly from the command line, from your IDE or from a build tool like Maven or Gradle.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For an example using TestNG, have a look at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm/tree/master/examples/java-calculator-testng&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm/tree/master/examples/java-calculator-testng&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T09:59:01.270" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31597" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="27363" CreationDate="2018-01-17T10:07:38.390" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You could reuse the &lt;code&gt;waitUntil&lt;/code&gt; using a timeout, meaning it will wait only for the specified amount of time to be logged in before failing login.&#xA;You might consider adding a log message telling you which user &amp;amp; password was unable to login.&#xA;Finally, I'd highly recommend making sure you know for sure which users can, or cannot, login - to prevent lots of flaky tests.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T10:07:38.390" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31598" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31633" CreationDate="2018-01-17T10:21:50.560" Score="-1" ViewCount="2361" Body="&lt;p&gt;I'm trying to locate a form, but the application doesn't have form names.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried:   &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;html/body/div/div/main/div/div[2]/div/form&quot;));&#xA;driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;//input[@type='__BVID__42_']&quot;)).Click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to locate and the form and input text into it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The error is:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;Unable to locate element: {&quot;method&quot;:&quot;xpath&quot;,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;//input[@type='__BVID__42_']&quot;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30382" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T12:34:24.427" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T10:18:03.000" Title="Selenium, unable to locate xpath or form name" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;javascript&gt;&lt;eclipse&gt;" AnswerCount="4" CommentCount="2" ClosedDate="2018-01-24T10:28:51.470" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31600" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="16911" CreationDate="2018-01-17T10:40:24.350" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Check input validation&lt;/strong&gt;- separately for each field and then finally together as a single transaction.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Input Validation:(few pointers in order)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;Check input type&lt;/strong&gt;(char/Numbers)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;Check min &amp;amp; max value range&lt;/strong&gt; where applicable(like name should be 15 char)&#xA;-Special Characters what allowed&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;-&lt;strong&gt;Dependency between Fields&lt;/strong&gt;(Ex.Cannot select City without selecting country)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;These are just a few pointers from the top of my head, not the entire list.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T10:40:24.350" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31602" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-17T11:32:02.583" Score="0" ViewCount="54" Body="&lt;p&gt;I just wanted to know if I can do manual testing of iOS (.ipa) app on Tesdroid. As in upload the .ipa and install it on a cloud iPhone to perform manual testing?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank You&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Hari&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29046" LastActivityDate="2018-05-17T14:56:11.360" Title="iOS manual testing on Testdroid" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;ios&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31603" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31602" CreationDate="2018-01-17T12:57:38.687" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Yes, iOS manual testing is supported by Bitbar Testing (Testdroid). iOS Manual testing was introduced during the end of the year 2016 and currently, it's supported by dedicated devices and Private/Enterprise installations.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information use &lt;a href=&quot;http://docs.bitbar.com/testing/user-manuals/manual-testing/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;URL 1&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href=&quot;https://bitbar.com/testing/solutions/public-cloud/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;URL 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12159" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T12:57:38.687" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31604" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-17T13:22:04.630" Score="1" ViewCount="796" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recently came across &lt;a href=&quot;https://aws.amazon.com/de/blogs/devops/ui-testing-at-scale-with-aws-lambda/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&quot;UI Testing at Scale with AWS Lambda&quot;&lt;/a&gt; and I find this quite interesting. If I have understood correctly, they are running test suites in headless Chrome within a Lambda function.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I wonder if it is generally possible to spawn a GUI via AWS Lambda to run any form of GUI-based tests there (i.e. for GUI technologies without a headless mode). All I have found so far is &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/nisaacson/aws-lambda-xvfb&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this GitHub project&lt;/a&gt; which enables Xvfb in AWS Lambda.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Does anyone know and/or has experience with this?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T18:08:18.360" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T18:08:18.360" Title="Running GUI-based tests via AWS Lambda" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;gui&gt;&lt;aws&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="4" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31605" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31604" CreationDate="2018-01-17T13:39:15.060" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;I don't have any experience with AWS Lambdas, but I think they trigger tests that are setup in EC2 instance. If You'll use Xvfb or containers like docker You can achieve nice results. I've done something similar, but tests on EC2 instance was triggered by Jenkins builds via ssh not by lambda. And I must say that worked like charm. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="11207" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T13:39:15.060" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31606" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31607" CreationDate="2018-01-17T16:30:50.320" Score="0" ViewCount="2498" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am automating the payment page which is having the option to select payment method. On selection of credit card payment option, one iframe is generated from the third party and loaded with dynamic ids. The iframe id is generated randomly. I'm not able to access the iframe. It is throwing the error as element is not accessible. After accessing the iframe, need to fill up the other credit card input fields.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There is only one iframe on the page. HTML Code of the iFrame:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iframe src=&quot;assets.braintreegateway.com/hosted-fields/2.32.0/…;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; type=&quot;number&quot; name=&quot;braintree-hosted-field-number&quot; id=&quot;braintree-hosted-field-number&quot; style=&quot;border: none; width: 100%; height: 100%; float: left;&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;  &amp;lt;!-- actual iframe here --&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T18:49:39.487" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T07:25:44.847" Title="Not able to access iframe with random dynamic ids using Selenium webdriver.io" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;browser-automation&gt;&lt;webdriver.io&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31607" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31606" CreationDate="2018-01-17T18:41:28.323" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is the approach I would use based on the HTML provided. This example uses Selenium's C# bindings, but can be easily ported to any other language.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;By iframeLocator = By.XPath(&quot;//iframe[contains(@src,'assets.braintreegateway.com/hosted-fields')]&quot;);&#xA;IWebElement iframe = driver.FindElement(iframeLocator);&#xA;driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;At this point, your driver will now be operating from the context of the iFrame. Note that this code does not make use of explicit waiting, which I would &lt;em&gt;highly recommend&lt;/em&gt; to ensure that the iFrame has been added to the DOM before attempting to locate it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, the XPath used for locating the iFrame can be simplified to &lt;code&gt;&quot;//iframe&quot;&lt;/code&gt; if you are sure it's the only iFrame on the page. By adding a partial match on the &lt;code&gt;@src&lt;/code&gt; attribute as I have shown in the example, you are ensuring that, if there are multiple iFrames, the one that is returned is indeed the one with the Braintree data.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="23440" LastEditorUserId="23440" LastEditDate="2018-01-17T18:51:39.560" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T18:51:39.560" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31608" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="23644" CreationDate="2018-01-17T21:25:28.100" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider SUT you have supports GUI interface (main interface customer/end user) which underneath is using private API to interface with SUT internals,.While doing Test Automation a situation may come when you need to test the SUT via its private API, say because of GUI element detection via automation tool is unstable.&#xA;Because you are working on custom private API directly, skipping the standard user-facing GUI interface, this is case of high level of intrusion.You might see new issues with these higher level of intrusion which customer might not see ever.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30398" LastActivityDate="2018-01-17T21:25:28.100" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31609" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31598" CreationDate="2018-01-18T06:07:09.283" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Wait for the Element is to be able to clickable by the below code,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(YOUR DRIVER, WAIT SOME SECONDS);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.XPath(&quot;//input[@type='__BVID__42_']&quot;))).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27408" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T06:07:09.283" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31610" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31606" CreationDate="2018-01-18T07:25:44.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Code Sample&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;// enter card number&#xA;      var cardFrame = $(&quot;#braintree-hosted-field-number&quot;).value;&#xA;      browser.frame(cardFrame);&#xA;      var card = $(&quot;//*[@id='credit-card-number']&quot;);&#xA;      browser.execute(function (card) {&#xA;        card.value = &quot;411111111111111&quot;;&#xA;      }, card.value);&#xA;     browser.frameParent(&quot;#dropin-container&quot;);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27047" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T07:25:44.847" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31612" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31598" CreationDate="2018-01-18T08:56:04.963" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Do you happen to have frame in your DOM? if you do and if you are using ruby and pageobject, refer to this code snippet:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;class RegistrationPage&#xA;  include PageObject&#xA;&#xA;  in_frame(:id =&amp;gt; 'left-frame') do |frame|&#xA;    text_field(:address, :id =&amp;gt; 'address_id', :frame =&amp;gt; frame)&#xA;  end&#xA;end&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This basically says to look for frame by id and locate text_field in that frame.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;for more reference &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/cheezy/page-object/wiki/Frames-and-iFrames&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;check here on Github.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18162" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T12:31:19.480" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:31:19.480" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31613" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31598" CreationDate="2018-01-18T10:18:33.137" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;At starting of your code have you used implicit wait? if not use that. I think the error is coming because the page is not loaded fully but script starts looking for the element.&#xA;You can use implicit wait in two parts:&#xA;First, before the script starts you can tell to wait 60 seconds as the page is downloaded fully or you can use with an element.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Before starting locating for an element you can use the following code&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;System.setProperty(&quot;webdriver.chrome.driver&quot;, &quot;D:\\chrome driver selenium\\chromedriver.exe&quot;);&#xA;driver= new ChromeDriver();&#xA;driver.manage().window().maximize();&#xA;driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(120, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(120, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30381" LastEditorUserId="27408" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T12:20:49.973" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:20:49.973" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31614" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-18T10:19:11.150" Score="0" ViewCount="5365" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am adding days to the current date but I am getting an invalid date in the result.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I am using BeanShellPreprocessor in Jmeter and using following code to get the current date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; &#xA;import java.util.Date; &#xA;Date date = new Date(); &#xA;date.setDate(date.getDate()+15); &#xA;SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;MM/DD/YYYY HH:mm a&quot;); &#xA;String formattedDate = df.format(date); &#xA;vars.put(&quot;slotFirstCall&quot;,formattedDate); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This code is adding 15 days to the current date but the value I am getting in the variable is 02/33/2018. And it is showing a different date on the calendar. Date on the calendar, where I am using it is 03/05/2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If I use this code in Java I get the correct result, but in Jmeter I get the invalid date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28008" LastEditorUserId="19440" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T16:00:44.917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T16:00:44.917" Title="How to add days into current date?" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31615" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31614" CreationDate="2018-01-18T10:26:54.457" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This is really a Java-related question as opposed to a JMEter question.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That said, this link shows you how to use the Java Date classes you're using and how to manipulate the date.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mkyong.com/java/java-how-to-add-days-to-current-date/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Mykong Link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The Mykong site is a great source on Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27996" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T10:26:54.457" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31616" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-18T11:21:38.467" Score="-1" ViewCount="926" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have situation when i have click main menu options it will be display 10 different sub-menu options. In all sub-menu section is available 2nd sub-menu options which is available more than 20 menu options and all are dynamic.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a id=&quot;ui-id-11&quot; class=&quot;ui-corner-all&quot; href=&quot;https://www.xyz.com/abc&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; role=&quot;menuitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Helmets&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This above sub-menu - my xpath is - &lt;code&gt;//*[@id='ui-id-11']/span&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;a id=&quot;ui-id-12&quot; class=&quot;ui-corner-all&quot; href=&quot;https://www.abc.com/abc&quot; tabindex=&quot;-1&quot; role=&quot;menuitem&quot;&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Riding Gear&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This above sub-menu's if- my xpath is - &lt;code&gt;//*[@id='ui-id-12']/span&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How to handle all the sub-menu options to the single Xpath?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29189" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T12:09:11.740" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:27:44.293" Title="How to handle if XPath are different for multiple sub-menu options" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="3" ClosedDate="2018-01-24T12:18:35.290" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31617" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31616" CreationDate="2018-01-18T12:12:36.657" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;You can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116/#function-starts-with&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;X-Path predicate starts-with&lt;/a&gt; as follows -&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[starts-with(@id,'ui-id-')]/span&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update :&lt;/strong&gt;&#xA;But certainly this would not help your cause - You may need to use another predicate like &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116/#function-contains&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;contains&lt;/a&gt; to check whether particular text is present or not.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//*[starts-with(@id,'ui-id-')]/span[contains(text(),'Helmets')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But in that case, whatever I suggested earlier in the answer is not useful. Better way is to create XPath dynamically - &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;String dropDwonOption = //assign value here dynamically like Helmet, Riding Gear&#xA;String xpath = &quot;/span[contains(text(),'&quot;+dropDwonOption+&quot;')]&quot;;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And then use this xpath.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7093" LastEditorUserId="7093" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T12:27:44.293" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T12:27:44.293" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31618" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-18T13:07:17.290" Score="2" ViewCount="2376" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working as QA in a company. We create a client-server mobile application. Now I want to test our APIs via automation during my daily routine.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is the best way to test a RESTful API? Any suggestions, any tools are welcome.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Update: unit tests, integration tests&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30418" LastEditorUserId="8007" LastEditDate="2018-11-17T05:59:42.613" LastActivityDate="2018-11-17T05:59:42.613" Title="What is the best way to test API?" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;&lt;api&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="6" ClosedDate="2018-01-19T22:15:00.047" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31619" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-18T13:14:35.883" Score="1" ViewCount="21028" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My code&lt;/strong&gt; which takes me to the button and highlights it (I'm running java scripts within Eclipse)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(text(),'Save')]&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;My HTML code&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;button data-v-7405e096=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;button&quot; class=&quot;pull-right btn btn-primary&quot;&amp;gt;Save&amp;lt;/button&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The error&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Exception in thread &quot;main&quot;&#xA;  org.openqa.selenium.InvalidSelectorException: invalid selector: Unable&#xA;  to locate an element with the xpath expression&#xA;  //button[contains(text(),'Save'‌​)] because of the following error:&#xA;  SyntaxError: Failed to execute 'evaluate' on 'Document': The string&#xA;  '//button[contains(text(),'Save'‌​)]' is not a valid XPath expression&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30382" LastEditorUserId="9208" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T18:25:25.483" LastActivityDate="2020-01-23T12:01:42.030" Title="Button won't click even though I can see it's taking me to the button when doing automation" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;selenium2&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="19" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31620" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31614" CreationDate="2018-01-18T13:15:23.523" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;The code you have provided unlikely implements what you expect. If you refer to &lt;code&gt;SimpleDateFormat&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;specification&lt;/a&gt; you will realise that &lt;code&gt;D&lt;/code&gt; capitalised represents day of the year but not the day of the month.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Today is 18th day of the year, so &lt;code&gt;18 + 15 = 33&lt;/code&gt; which does not look surprisingly.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;However putting the year day &quot;index&quot; along with the month does not make a lot of sense and does not correspond to any known date-representation format. This makes me think you have a bug in your code.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Change your code to&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; &#xA;import java.util.Date; &#xA;Date date = new Date(); &#xA;date.setDate(date.getDate()+15); &#xA;SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat(&quot;MM/dd/YYYY HH:mm a&quot;); &#xA;String formattedDate = df.format(date); &#xA;vars.put(&quot;slotFirstCall&quot;,formattedDate);  &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;this could help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;UPD:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P.S.&lt;/strong&gt; - It is also worth checking other specificators in your format. Revise if you really need &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; at the end of your date pattern since &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt; means &lt;code&gt;AM/PM&lt;/code&gt;, however you are using &lt;code&gt;HH&lt;/code&gt; which represents the time in &lt;code&gt;24H&lt;/code&gt; format. So &lt;code&gt;AM/PM&lt;/code&gt; &lt;strong&gt;does not introduce any additional value to your timestampt&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="27679" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T13:24:13.310" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T13:24:13.310" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31621" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31614" CreationDate="2018-01-18T13:21:36.807" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Since &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/whats-new-in-jmeter-3.3&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JMeter 3.3&lt;/a&gt; you have &lt;a href=&quot;https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/functions.html#__timeShift&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;__timeShift()&lt;/a&gt; function which can make your life easier. The relevant function call would be something like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__timeShift(MM/dd/YYYY HH:mm a,,P15D,,slotFirstCall)}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Demo:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wx1mq.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/wx1mq.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter Time Shift Example&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also be aware that &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html#bsh_scripting&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;starting from JMeter 3.1 it is recommended Groovy for all forms of scripting&lt;/a&gt; (general recommendation of avoiding scripting where possible still applies)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T13:21:36.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31622" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31618" CreationDate="2018-01-18T13:59:09.083" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Unit tests are the responsibility of dev-team, not QA one. They normally run on service build phase and require a lot of special knowledge (real objects mocking for example)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What QA usually does is use the public interface to ensure the service provides the functionality it declares. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The most known tool for testing REST is &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.soapui.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SOAP UI&lt;/a&gt;, however since REST is acting over HTTP you can use any tool that supports HTTP.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You should also consider performance testing of REST. SOAP UI supports some level of performance testing, however I would still suggest to use &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jmeter&lt;/a&gt; since it allows to build load scenarios in more flexible way.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What is not convenient is that REST services do not usually expose the interface model they use (unlike Web-Services which act using SOAP) so that you should either push your devs to provide you full specification of service interface or suggest them to use REST service building framewrok like &lt;a href=&quot;https://swagger.io/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;SWAGGER&lt;/a&gt; or some &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-alternatives-to-Swagger-for-documenting-REST-APIs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;alternatives of SWAGGER&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This will simplify the process and let you build test clients automatically on any change in service interface.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27679" LastEditorUserId="8428" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T06:42:47.743" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T06:42:47.743" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31623" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31619" CreationDate="2018-01-18T14:17:07.877" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First Check the button is able to be clickable at the moment of your try. Sometimes the page load is very long it's not clickable at the moment.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Use the below code and check&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait (driver, 30);&#xA;wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(text(),'Save')]&quot;))).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27408" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T14:17:07.877" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31624" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31776" CreationDate="2018-01-18T17:55:23.797" Score="1" ViewCount="12589" Body="&lt;p&gt;Anyone have experience/guidance on switching to an iFrame using Protractor? The iFrame opens and I have a wait for a specific button on top of the iFrame that is a separate module but cannot get focus in the iframe itself.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have tried using &lt;code&gt;browser.switchTo().frame(0);&lt;/code&gt; with no luck. The line below is what I would need to target, I assume. Within the iFrame a editor opens where text needs to be modified.&#xA;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;iframe style=&quot;height:100%;width:100%;min-width:1024px;border:0px;background-color: #32373A&quot; onmousewheel=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;https://app.getbee.io/v18.01.10.0914/index.html&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/iframe&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26037" LastActivityDate="2018-01-31T18:37:37.040" Title="Switching to iframe using Protractor" Tags="&lt;protractor&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="3" FavoriteCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31625" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="30537" CreationDate="2018-01-18T20:27:35.697" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Xpath is typically the slowest and most fragile way to match with selenium/appium. If you do use xpath ensure its anchored to the body to avoid ambiguity. It's best to use element IDs. If you use these your accessibility gets tested earlier and your Devs get less problems adding things later.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It sounds like your appium server isnt set up right if you are getting delays that long. &#xA;Have you looked at the log files for the appium server ? They should be illuminating on why the delay is happening, if not crank the verbosity. You haven't said enough about your server for me to offer more info.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can get the best network performance from an iPhone by plugging in a usb ethernet adapter into it via an apple AV adapter, this is how apple test stuff and if this isn't fast enough your setup isn't right.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastEditorUserId="29917" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T07:18:39.703" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T07:18:39.703" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31626" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31289" CreationDate="2018-01-18T21:05:47.057" Score="2" Body="&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;You find a major bug, but no developers are present. The release&#xA;  deadline is today. What do you do?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd quit: A company that has no developers available on the deadline day for a release has terrible management and irresponsible developers. Finding a &lt;strong&gt;major bug at the deadline&lt;/strong&gt; is also sign of irresponsible developers and a terrible testing protocol.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Such a firm is not destined to succeed and is not worth working for. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I'd also tell them: &lt;em&gt;If that can happen at your company, I don't want to work for you, for the same reasons.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30429" LastEditorUserId="30429" LastEditDate="2018-01-18T21:47:30.050" LastActivityDate="2018-01-18T21:47:30.050" CommentCount="3" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31627" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31619" CreationDate="2018-01-19T00:20:11.990" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try JavaScript executors as below,&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(&quot;//button[contains(text(),'Save')]&quot;));&#xA;JavascriptExecutor js= (JavascriptExecutor) driver;&#xA;js.executeScript(&quot;arguments[0].click();&quot;, element); &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;If this doesn’t work give a wait until the element is clickable then try above code again after wait&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30431" LastEditorUserId="27408" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T12:16:27.643" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T12:16:27.643" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31628" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-19T04:11:00.500" Score="4" ViewCount="142" Body="&lt;p&gt;There are two type of software&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ol&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;System Software (e.g. operating systems, firmware on devices, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Application Software (e.g. desktop applications, web applications, web sites etc.)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Both types of software have different objectives and run-time environments, such as application software needing to work on system software. This means there is a possibility that a system software vulnerability can affect application software. That suggests that different types of software should have different types of testing approaches and concepts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are the major differences in test approach and concepts/planning between testing system software and application software?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="14740" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2019-04-12T11:50:44.263" LastActivityDate="2019-04-12T11:50:48.040" Title="How is System Software Testing different from Application Software Testing?" Tags="&lt;system-software-testing&gt;&lt;application-software-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" FavoriteCount="4" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31630" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31587" CreationDate="2018-01-19T08:56:09.847" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This XPATH is wrong. You have to change to &lt;code&gt;//*[@id='KEYWORD']&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But you can find with ID  &lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;KEYWORD&quot;)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29965" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T08:56:09.847" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31631" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31618" CreationDate="2018-01-19T10:03:29.307" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;It depends on what you want to test. Do you want to test the syntax of Http messages? The internal logic of the service? The connection to any db? All of the above? &#xA;There are plenty of tools available to test REST API's. To suggest relevant tools / approaach we'd need to know which programming language do you want to use? Which language is the API written in? Will your test code be part of the project or a separate project? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also possible duplicate of: &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14301/i-am-about-to-automate-the-web-api-testing-how-to-initiate?rq=1&quot;&gt;I am about to automate the Web API testing, how to initiate&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/24222/confusion-of-using-rest-api-testing?rq=1&quot;&gt;Confusion of using rest api testing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/14958/restful-json-web-api-testing-what-tools?rq=1&quot;&gt;RESTful JSON Web API Testing - what tools?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T10:03:29.307" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31633" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31598" CreationDate="2018-01-19T10:18:03.000" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use your browsers development tools to find the xpath of the element you are trying to click. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: xpaths (as identified by your browser) are prone to change when the UI changes, leading to flaky tests. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;TIP: If your team is also responsible for developing the Front end, get them to add unique identifiers to the elements you need to interact with, so you can use those in your xpath/Locators; this will make your tests way more stable and reliable!&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T10:18:03.000" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31635" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="17609" CreationDate="2018-01-19T10:27:56.380" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If tests are failing when run in a batch, most likely they are not independent tests, but depend on the state of the System Under Test (SUT) to pass. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For each test, make sure you are in control that the SUT actually is in the expected state (users with rights, data present, etc) as part of your test in the setup phase of your test. Do not make any assumptions on what's already there.&#xA;Equally important, reset whatever changes your test has made to the system (in the teardown, or cleanup, phase of the test).&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Finally, 4-5 hours is a really long time for an automated test suite to run. Are you sure you are automating the right things at the right level? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30053" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T10:27:56.380" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31636" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-19T12:42:40.623" Score="1" ViewCount="115" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am researching &lt;em&gt;Test Management tool&lt;/em&gt; for creating test plan, test cases, test coverage, test matrix, reports and also should integrate with automation tools with providing some features for e.g. test modifications, duplication, test coverage etc.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30441" LastEditorUserId="7313" LastEditDate="2018-01-19T19:37:45.630" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T11:09:32.660" Title="Looking for ''test management tool'' for manual testing" Tags="&lt;manual-testing&gt;&lt;test-management&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ClosedDate="2018-01-24T10:26:47.297" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31637" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-19T12:51:02.260" Score="3" ViewCount="401" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to find the list item based on the contents in the anchor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I tried using the following xpath&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//li/a[contains(., 'India')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is working for unique items, But here, it is matching more than one item.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to ignore the the other contents in anchor and only focus on the anchor text to identify the li. How can i achieve it?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;li style=&quot;display: list-item;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;1&quot; class=&quot;flag&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;Afghanistan&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;li style=&quot;display: list-item;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;flag&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;India&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;   &amp;lt;li style=&quot;display: list-item;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img src=&quot;3&quot; class=&quot;flag&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;British Indian Ocean Territory&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&#xA;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;PS: Tried the following, it works. But later if the position of &quot;&amp;amp;nbsp ;&quot; changes, it's going to fail.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//li/a[ends-with(normalize-space(.),'India')]&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30330" LastActivityDate="2018-04-19T18:43:30.967" Title="Find anchor (has other html elements) with specific text" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;xpath&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31638" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="25034" CreationDate="2018-01-19T13:32:28.667" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;In my opinion, NO tester should feel bad about finding more bugs if, Every bug reported:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;is not redundant or pointing to the same core issue in a different form.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;adding further business value to the overall product quality. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;in a neutral objective way without pointing to someone.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;by providing as much as possible information which is helpful for the developer to fix it.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="9255" LastEditorUserId="9255" LastEditDate="2018-01-25T01:25:12.673" LastActivityDate="2018-01-25T01:25:12.673" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31639" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31619" CreationDate="2018-01-19T15:00:07.740" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;Use assertion that the button exists, loaded and clickable. And then try to find the button by it's text.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Something like that:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.findElement(By.text(&quot;Save&quot;)).click();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19203" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T15:00:07.740" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31640" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-19T15:48:32.187" Score="0" ViewCount="66" Body="&lt;p&gt;There is an application/script that will write files and create directories. Depending on what path it takes (error, success, parameters). How could this be tested in a more automated fashion? I use find and wc -l and bash and eyeballs currently to validate the expected outcome for a suite of tests. Are there tools that are used for this type of testing? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I do not have a framework available for mocking i/o. Even with this though, mocking still is not quite the same.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27523" LastActivityDate="2018-02-21T07:25:00.283" Title="Testing expected file io" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31641" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31637" CreationDate="2018-01-19T17:20:51.460" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;code&gt;normalize-space()&lt;/code&gt; was a good idea but it &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/q/35676242/771848&quot;&gt;would not handle &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt; by definition&lt;/a&gt;. You can do two things:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;translate a non-breaking space entity into a regular space&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;compare the full string value of a node with a desired string&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Final XPath:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;//li/a[normalize-space(translate(., '&amp;amp;#160;', ' ')) = 'India']&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T17:20:51.460" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31642" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31636" CreationDate="2018-01-19T19:10:30.980" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Although this answer can be found rather very quickly using mighty Google search, but anyway for manual testing I would highly recommend TestLodge, it is very good tool and basic package should be sufficient for several small projects or two big.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It can be connected with various platforms, but as far as I know there is no connection with automated testing, but on the other I didn't search every option that was available over there :)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information about TestLodge: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.testlodge.com/tour&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Also check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/15-best-test-management-tools-for-software-testers/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;this list&lt;/a&gt;, you can find something that suits your need.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26095" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T19:10:30.980" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31643" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-19T19:50:42.933" Score="7" ViewCount="99" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am working on a strategy/plan to load and performance test a web-based application hosted in Azure.  The application integrates with a couple of other hosted apps that we do not host (i.e. do not have access to the database or source).  A stand-alone test environment is difficult.  So I am leaning towards doing load testing in our live environment.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What are good strategies for load testing in a live environment?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30452" LastEditorUserId="30576" LastEditDate="2020-09-07T06:57:07.503" LastActivityDate="2020-09-07T06:57:07.503" Title="Strategies for load testing in a Live or Dev Ops environment?" Tags="&lt;load-testing&gt;&lt;testing-environment&gt;" AnswerCount="3" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 4.0" />
  <row Id="31644" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31624" CreationDate="2018-01-19T19:51:08.960" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you haven't already, refer to Steve's answer on this &lt;a href=&quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20425909/protractor-testing-angular-app-in-an-iframe&quot;&gt;question&lt;/a&gt;. &#xA;I have not modified the original code he posted. All credits to him.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;var driver = browser.driver;&#xA;var loc = by.tagName('iframe');&#xA;var el = driver.findElement(loc);&#xA;browser.switchTo().frame(el);&#xA;&#xA;driver.findElement(by.tagName('body')).sendKeys('my test string');&#xA;&#xA;browser.switchTo().defaultContent();&#xA;browser.waitForAngular();&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is what worked for me while working with &lt;code&gt;iframes&lt;/code&gt; in Protractor.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="7313" LastActivityDate="2018-01-19T19:51:08.960" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31645" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-19T21:42:50.913" Score="1" ViewCount="93" Body="&lt;p&gt;I would like to ask what a good solution to working with clients that have different websites.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My first one is how to deal with languages? Do I create separate tests? for 125 different clients? Are there tools out there that can handle different languages that can work in Java.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;My second one is how to handle clients that use the same software, but their own site, so forms may change, such as fields are not present, or certain fields are required and others are optional?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30449" LastActivityDate="2018-08-19T03:02:47.677" Title="Working with multiple clients/languages/sites" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;java&gt;&lt;testng&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31646" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31647" CreationDate="2018-01-19T21:57:24.303" Score="0" ViewCount="1145" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am completely new to development and automation so I've been playing around with Python and Selenium to fill out simple forms. The form I am using will detect existing email addresses in a Database so I need to know how to tell the program to use a unique email address on each automation test start. In this case, the email I want to use is huks214+(Randomvalue)@gmail.com and have that random value change each time I run the script. Below is a code snipit from Selenium&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;Email_Address&quot;).send_keys(&quot;jhfggf@kjkj.com&quot;)&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;Cnfm_Email_Address&quot;).click()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;Cnfm_Email_Address&quot;).clear()&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;Cnfm_Email_Address&quot;).send_keys(&quot;jhfggf@kjkj.com&quot;)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;This is inputting the email address as I entered it on the form when I recorded it. I have the below code which will change the email address but I'm unsure on how to integrate it into the above script&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import string&#xA;import random&#xA;email = 'huks214+' + ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits) for _ in range(10)) + '@gmail.com'&#xA;print (email)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30454" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2018-01-20T00:23:49.203" LastActivityDate="2020-12-31T02:08:43.563" Title="Python/Selenium automation email question" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;python&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31647" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31646" CreationDate="2018-01-20T00:27:39.303" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Just use the generated value instead of a hardcoded string. Extracting the email generation code into a function would also be a good idea:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;import string&#xA;import random&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;def generate_email(prefix='huks214+', domain='gmail.com'):&#xA;    random_part = ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits) &#xA;                          for _ in range(10))&#xA;&#xA;    return prefix + random_part + '@' + domain&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;# your code that defines driver here&#xA;email = generate_email()&#xA;&#xA;driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;Email_Address&quot;).send_keys(email)&#xA;confirm_email = driver.find_element_by_id(&quot;Cnfm_Email_Address&quot;)&#xA;confirm_email.click()&#xA;confirm_email.clear()&#xA;confirm_email.send_keys(email)&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="5574" LastEditorUserId="5574" LastEditDate="2018-01-20T15:51:21.263" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T15:51:21.263" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31648" PostTypeId="1" AcceptedAnswerId="31651" CreationDate="2018-01-20T12:24:58.800" Score="1" ViewCount="103" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am using &lt;strong&gt;Selenium v3.8.0&lt;/strong&gt;, also I do the coding in &lt;strong&gt;C#&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I try to validate if &lt;strong&gt;XPath&lt;/strong&gt; or the &lt;strong&gt;webElement&lt;/strong&gt; exists on the site, though I don't success &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I try to validate the text &lt;strong&gt;Login&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;then I want to alert it in console:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Here is my attempt:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; if (IsElementPresent(By.XPath(&quot;//h3[@translate='TITLE_LOGIN']&quot;))) {&#xA;       Console.WriteLine(&quot;Element exists&quot;);         &#xA; }&#xA; else {                    &#xA;       Console.WriteLine(&quot;Element not displayed&quot;);            &#xA; }&#xA;&#xA; private bool IsElementPresent(By by) {&#xA;       try&#xA;       {&#xA;           Driver.Instance.FindElement(by);&#xA;           return true;&#xA;       }&#xA;       catch (NoSuchElementException)&#xA;       {&#xA;           return false;&#xA;       }&#xA; }&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;see picture below:&#xA;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qVxTc.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/qVxTc.png&quot; alt=&quot;Picture 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Link to URL: &lt;a href=&quot;https://juice-shop.herokuapp.com/#/login&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Owasp Juiceshop&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28839" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T07:10:11.473" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T07:10:11.473" Title="Issue with find element" Tags="&lt;automated-testing&gt;&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;c#&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31649" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31645" CreationDate="2018-01-20T16:13:29.807" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;1 - There are a couple of Java libraries to deal with internationalization, as &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/awkay/easy-i18n&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;awkay/easy-i18n&lt;/a&gt;. I would recommend to take the same approach used by the SUT - libraries and code patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Regarding &quot;Do I create separate tests for 125 different clients?&quot;: You should always keep in mind the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;test pyramid&lt;/a&gt;. Depending on the kind of test you are doing, replicating each validation for 125 can be both unnecessary costly and slow down strongly the performance of your suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9jIc1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/9jIc1.png&quot; alt=&quot;enter image description here&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;2 - If you are using the &lt;a href=&quot;https://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Page Object pattern&lt;/a&gt;, you can reach a good level of abstraction of the different forms used by these sites and make your tests easy to maintain. Good code review practices will surely increase the quality of the architecture of your automation suite.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12740" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T16:13:29.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31650" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31289" CreationDate="2018-01-20T16:58:09.703" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;At my place the rule is that devs set up things so that all that is needed to release is pressing a button. QA tests to the last minute. And at the point in time where we planned to release, the boss asks QA: Can we release this software? If the answer is &quot;Yes&quot;, it is released. If the answer is &quot;No&quot; or &quot;Don't know&quot; then the boss decides, most likely after asking &quot;why&quot;. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In that situation it's easy. You found a major bug. The boss asks &quot;Can we release&quot;. You say &quot;Don't know, we just found a major bug, this is what it does, this is when it happens, and this is how often it happens&quot;. It's up to your boss then to decide if it gets released or no. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If there are no developers present, it obviously doesn't get fixed today. If there are experienced developers present, it will also not get fixed today, because experienced developers know that trying to fix a bug at the last minute &lt;em&gt;will&lt;/em&gt; lead to trouble. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now if your interviewer claims that &lt;em&gt;you&lt;/em&gt; have the responsibility and the power to make decisions: You should have been told how much of the deadline the deadline is. Are you writing software for a telescope recording pictures of the next solar eclipse? That's what I call a deadline. You ship and pray. Not shipping = no recording, shipping = maybe a recording, maybe not, but never worse than not shipping. Company signed a contract that will bankrupt it if you don't ship today? You ship and pray. Not shipping = bankruptcy, shipping = possibly upset customers. Shipping is better. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;But 99% of the time, deadlines are just arbitrary points in time set by management. So you try to figure out what is the impact if you ship today, with the major bug, and what is the impact if you ship in two days time. And then decide what's better. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26559" LastEditorUserId="26559" LastEditDate="2018-01-20T17:10:15.733" LastActivityDate="2018-01-20T17:10:15.733" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31651" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31648" CreationDate="2018-01-21T08:44:49.890" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;Try this:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;bool IsPresent= driver.FindElement(By.XPath(&quot;/html/body/main/div/section/h3&quot;)).Displayed;&#xA;if (IsPresent)&#xA;{&#xA;     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Element exists&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;   Console.WriteLine(&quot;Element not displayed&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastEditorUserId="29688" LastEditDate="2018-01-21T13:29:46.807" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T13:29:46.807" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31652" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31636" CreationDate="2018-01-21T09:00:27.017" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;I recommend &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/bug-tracking&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Jira&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;it is contain more features will help you&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29688" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T09:00:27.017" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31653" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31640" CreationDate="2018-01-21T12:47:53.560" Score="1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Assuming this is on Linux you could run the program via strace and make it log the all open and opendir calls.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;strace -e open,opendir command &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The program will run and whenever a file or directory is opened a log will be printed on stdout. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You can use this method to log any syscalls be adding them to the -e section.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You may need to add -f if the program forks or is loaded by a script.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you want to mock IO there is a tool called FIO that will generate lots of different io patterns.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;You could string it together with bats which provides a simple shell script based test framework&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="29917" LastActivityDate="2018-01-21T12:47:53.560" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31656" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31648" CreationDate="2018-01-22T06:52:38.620" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;By using &lt;code&gt;Displayed&lt;/code&gt; or (&lt;code&gt;isDisplayed()&lt;/code&gt; method in Java) we may get &lt;code&gt;NoSuchElementException&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;In order to avoid the exception, we may use the below code:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;List&amp;lt;WebElement&amp;gt; element = driver.findElements(&amp;lt;By locator&amp;gt;);&#xA;&#xA;if(element.size()&amp;gt;0)&#xA;{&#xA;  Console.WriteLine(&quot;Element exists&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;else&#xA;{&#xA;  Console.WriteLine(&quot;Element not displayed&quot;);&#xA;}&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="19538" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T06:52:38.620" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31658" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31640" CreationDate="2018-01-22T07:20:17.437" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;If your application assumes interactive input you can use &lt;a href=&quot;https://linux.die.net/man/1/expect&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;expect&lt;/a&gt; program to supply parameters. Success can be checked by assessing &lt;code&gt;$?&lt;/code&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/refcards.html#AEN22006&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;special variable&lt;/a&gt; value, i.e. if it is &lt;code&gt;0&lt;/code&gt; - previous command was successful, otherwise not. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If you are interested in metrics in terms of time taken or resources used - you can wrap your application in &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_(Unix)&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;time&lt;/a&gt; command. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;With regards to &quot;framework&quot; you can consider &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Apache JMeter&lt;/a&gt; which provides &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/how-run-external-commands-and-programs-locally-and-remotely-jmeter&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;OS Process Sampler&lt;/a&gt; which can execute arbitrary commands and programs, evaluate output, measure time taken, run it with multiple users/threads, etc. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T07:20:17.437" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31660" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31643" CreationDate="2018-01-22T13:10:21.667" Score="4" Body="&lt;p&gt;A few suggestions:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you can &lt;strong&gt;mock or fake the responses of the integrated apps&lt;/strong&gt;, you could avoid the need to test live. It does require more work to set this up, but you then have a non-production environment you can use and you will not find yourself inadvertently load testing the integrated apps.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;If you must test in production, make sure you &lt;strong&gt;know the times when your application is getting the least use&lt;/strong&gt;. This will give you the window in which you'll be least likely to disrupt customers.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Schedule with your providers and your partners&lt;/strong&gt;. I can't stress this enough. Your load tests will generate a spike in traffic and could violate your hosting and/or partnership terms of service. I strongly suggest you discuss this with your lead/manager to make sure you have permission to create and perform load tests before you start.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minimize side effects&lt;/strong&gt;. By this I mean that you should not be creating real transactions if you can possibly avoid it - so if your app is a shopping app, you should be using a test sales channel and a test payment method to generate sales. If it's a booking system, make sure there's a test event to book so you don't sell out real events. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Start with a small proof-of-concept&lt;/strong&gt;. Make sure you can take one virtual user through a set of requests and responses before you do anything else. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Have access to application logs&lt;/strong&gt;. As well as the load test logs themselves, you'll want to be able to examine the application logs to find any issues that don't surface directly in the test. You may need to get someone else to pull them for you, but you will need to examine them. This includes the web server logs.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Where possible, test one thing only&lt;/strong&gt;. If you need to load test your integrations to the third party apps, where possible do this in isolation via API. Similarly, test as much of your app as you can without touching the third party integrations. This makes it easier to track down bottlenecks in the systems.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are other suggestions, but these would be my main focuses in your situation.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="422" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T13:10:21.667" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31664" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-22T15:13:38.780" Score="2" ViewCount="8293" Body="&lt;p&gt;I have made lots of made Requests in JSON in Postman. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Now I am thinking about re-write all the Postman-tests into C#.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;There are many different Nuget packages that could be used.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I have googled a lots but the picture I got that- everyone is doing it in their own way, though many people is using &lt;code&gt;Resharper&lt;/code&gt; is that simple?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to keep it as simple as possible because I am very new to C#&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Any suggestions tips of how to do this? (Guides/tutorials?)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Thank you in advance !&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="28839" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-01-23T07:10:13.700" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T07:10:13.700" Title="What is the simplest way to rewrite Postman requests to C#" Tags="&lt;c#&gt;&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;rest-api&gt;&lt;json&gt;&lt;postman&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31667" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-22T16:41:41.360" Score="1" ViewCount="5464" Body="&lt;p&gt;The Web application I am currently working on has changed the calendar widget. They are now using the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.material-ui.com/#/components/date-picker&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot; title=&quot;DatePicker&quot;&gt;datepicker&lt;/a&gt; from the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.material-ui.com/#/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;material-ui&lt;/a&gt; library.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The problem with this widget is that it does not have any IDs or CSS class on the HTML that is generated. So there is no reliable way to interact with it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;And as the HTML of the datepicker is inserted at the bottom of the DOM during its activation, there is no way to access it via XPATH (xpath would always be changing).&#xA;Has anyone ever managed to interact with this widget using the Robot Framework / Selenium Library?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="27654" LastActivityDate="2019-06-12T09:21:41.467" Title="How to interact with material-ui datepicker using Robot Framework/Selenium" Tags="&lt;selenium-webdriver&gt;&lt;robotframework&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31668" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-22T17:24:06.427" Score="1" ViewCount="29" Body="&lt;p&gt;Consider a user Account that contains the following members:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Username&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Password&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Account Type (User/Admin)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Question (Option of 5 choices)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Security Answer&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;A handful of booleans for various account specific settings.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;How, can I design properly in order to build Objects of either Type &lt;code&gt;User&lt;/code&gt; or Type &lt;code&gt;Admin&lt;/code&gt; in a robust way where I can &lt;em&gt;sometimes&lt;/em&gt; specify various data and other times, leave it empty / blank?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I want to create new Users and Admins, however their data (or the need to use such data) would vary massively.  Maybe I want a user and I only want to specify its username + password, other times I want a User or Admin and specify ALL the members information.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;What approach is best here?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18814" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T00:46:29.647" Title="Which Design pattern(s) can I apply to robustly instantiate new users in the system from a test automation perspective" Tags="&lt;java&gt;&lt;test-design&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31670" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31628" CreationDate="2018-01-22T18:41:01.090" Score="0" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;System software consist of operating systems on which generally we runs our various applications. They are very well documented and tested in much early phase of products life cycles(System software i.e. windows, android, iOS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Applications uses memory, network system &amp;amp; other basic components from System software and they use system resource based on their types, which are native apps and web apps( So your testing approach is based on which type application you are testing).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;As we are generally approach components based development for systems as well as application software we tend to test in very same approached. The applications are created were developed on exposed APIs for respective systems, So as we are approaching their functional testing in very same manner. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Web applications need more thorough testing on server performance and user interface side while native apps needs more thorough testing on resource management of respective systems software they have been developed.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That's why if we see any bugs in system software, company usually provide security or bug patch to mitigate risks.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="12697" LastEditorUserId="12697" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T19:10:50.860" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T19:10:50.860" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31671" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31664" CreationDate="2018-01-22T20:41:49.380" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jetbrains.com/resharper/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;ReSharper&lt;/a&gt; is just an &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;IDE&lt;/a&gt; for C# by JetBrains. This won't help you much unless you want to write everything from scratch.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Postman has the ability to &lt;a href=&quot;https://getpostman.com/docs/postman/sending_api_requests/generate_code_snippets&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;generate code snippets&lt;/a&gt; for various languages and frameworks, including C# (using &lt;a href=&quot;http://restsharp.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;RestSharp&lt;/a&gt; as REST/HTTP client). Consequently, you should be able to simply &quot;convert&quot; your requests to C#. (Haven't tried this myself, so I can't tell how good that generated code is.)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="21973" LastEditorUserId="21973" LastEditDate="2018-01-22T21:10:29.273" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T21:10:29.273" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31672" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31668" CreationDate="2018-01-22T21:31:45.653" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can you please try data-driven approach? &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Separate your Users / Admins model away from actual data. Save your profile data in an external Excel sheet. This way, when you need to modify your profile data, there is no need to touch your code, thus maintenance is easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="13261" LastActivityDate="2018-01-22T21:31:45.653" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31673" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-23T05:42:12.640" Score="2" ViewCount="1630" Body="&lt;p&gt;Can someone tell me the basic test cases for testing an API with Postman?&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Which test cases are commonly applied in API Testing. &lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Note: I am a beginner and I don't know where to start. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="26982" LastEditorUserId="422" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T12:30:50.867" LastActivityDate="2018-05-18T13:18:22.503" Title="API testing Using Postman" Tags="&lt;api-testing&gt;&lt;quality-assurance&gt;&lt;postman&gt;" AnswerCount="5" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31674" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31673" CreationDate="2018-01-23T05:46:32.583" Score="-1" Body="&lt;p&gt;Instead of using &lt;strong&gt;Postman&lt;/strong&gt; I recommend you to use &lt;strong&gt;JMeter&lt;/strong&gt;. It is a powerful tool for &lt;strong&gt;API/functional testing&lt;/strong&gt; too.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Since you are testing &lt;strong&gt;APIs&lt;/strong&gt;, you need to consider the server side validation along with other business logic. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For more information, Please elaborate your requirements in question description.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16329" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T12:17:17.320" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T12:17:17.320" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31675" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31673" CreationDate="2018-01-23T05:49:29.790" Score="2" Body="&lt;p&gt;Well it is an era of &lt;strong&gt;API Testing&lt;/strong&gt;, &lt;strong&gt;Rest APIs&lt;/strong&gt; in particular. I would recommend you to know the basics of &lt;strong&gt;Restful&lt;/strong&gt; before you proceed to testing of different sorts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Some basics that you need to learn before you plunge into &lt;strong&gt;Rest API testing&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic restful Architecture and how it functions.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP methods like POST, PUT and others along with their meaning&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;HTTP response codes like 200, 400 and others along with their implication.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Basic JSON structure and how to validate it&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once you're done with the aforementioned, you can pretty much apply your testing skills to test out APIs using any tool. &lt;strong&gt;Postman&lt;/strong&gt; is a good one to start, Thanks! &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16597" LastEditorUserId="11936" LastEditDate="2018-01-24T12:31:15.100" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T12:31:15.100" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31678" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31619" CreationDate="2018-01-23T06:07:47.947" Score="1" Body="&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;first check the xpath is correct?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;second check if a button is enabled or disabled?&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;then click the button.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Sometimes, the button is not clickable and our script fails.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="16329" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T06:07:47.947" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31679" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31643" CreationDate="2018-01-23T06:08:26.247" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;If you have Live environment only I'm afraid you're limited to testing in &quot;dead&quot; times like overnight or weekend. Also make sure your tests have proper &lt;a href=&quot;https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb496539.aspx&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;setUp and tearDown&lt;/a&gt; logic in place so your test would leave the system in the original state (nothing added, nothing removed)&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;For DevOps (I understand it as running on machines with lower hardware specifications) running full-scale load test might not be the option, but there are few things you still can do:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Perform &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;integration testing&lt;/a&gt; under the load if there are any configuration issues you should be able to detect them&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Run &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soak_testing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Soak Tests&lt;/a&gt; to check application against obvious memory leaks&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;External 3rd-party service calls can either be validated and assessed in terms of impact or &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mock_object&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;mocked&lt;/a&gt; so your test would target only application parts that you developed and can control&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;More information: &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/performance-testing-scaled-down-environment-part-two-five-things-you-can-test&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Performance Testing in a Scaled Down Environment. Part Two: 5 Things You Can Test&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T06:08:26.247" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31680" PostTypeId="5" CreationDate="2018-01-23T07:34:23.877" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;This tag should be used specifically for things that pertain only to the C# Flavor of the Selenium Webdriver Library&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="18919" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2018-02-26T17:08:01.883" LastActivityDate="2018-02-26T17:08:01.883" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31681" PostTypeId="4" CreationDate="2018-01-23T07:34:23.877" Score="0" Body=" C# Flavor of the Selenium Webdriver Library" OwnerUserId="18919" LastEditorUserId="18919" LastEditDate="2018-02-26T17:07:58.097" LastActivityDate="2018-02-26T17:07:58.097" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31682" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-23T07:42:18.750" Score="-1" ViewCount="870" Body="&lt;p&gt;How to make thread group users share single Foreach control, for ex. I have 10 user and one foreach controller for 10K (JDBC request) records, I want to process this 10K records by 10 users(Thread group user) so that each user process 1k records. Presently for my setup with Thread group with 10 user and 1 JDBC request and Foreach controll the total requests are 10 * 10K = 100k which is 10 time repeated.&lt;br&gt;&#xA; Thanks for your help.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30507" LastEditorUserId="17411" LastEditDate="2018-03-24T17:37:43.820" LastActivityDate="2018-03-24T17:37:43.820" Title="How to make thread groups user share single Foreach control?" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;&lt;performance&gt;" AnswerCount="1" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31683" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-23T07:49:15.140" Score="0" ViewCount="663" Body="&lt;p&gt;I want to perform checkout process for an e-commerce site using JMeter for 50 users. I am doing it by recording screen and by adding 50 users in thread groups. I want to know that does the item added to the cart while actually recording the screen get added in the cart for fifty Jmeter users? plus I get an email after placing an order so will I get the email for 50 users while doing it with Jmeter?&#xA;PS: I am not getting any such thing actually so I want to know how can I verify that Jmeter is doing it for 50 users when I am not receiving any email (On order placing) and the records do not get set in the database.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Please help me out in knowing it. Thanks in advance&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="30506" LastActivityDate="2018-01-24T05:52:27.053" Title="I want to verify checkout process through Jmeter" Tags="&lt;jmeter&gt;" AnswerCount="2" CommentCount="0" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31684" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31683" CreationDate="2018-01-23T08:26:01.747" Score="3" Body="&lt;p&gt;As per &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/4-things-you-should-never-do-your-jmeter-script&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;4 Things You Should Never Do with Your JMeter Script&lt;/a&gt; guide:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Don’t run the script exactly as you recorded it&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;After recording your script, there is still some work to do before you run it. It’s necessary to correlate variables, parameterize and add elements, to faithfully simulate users.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;p&gt;Here is a short list of general samplers and modifications that you’ll need to consider:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;  &#xA;  &lt;ul&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Cookie_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Cookie Manager&lt;/a&gt; - pay attention whether you need to erase the cookies on each iteration or not (you can set this with a checkbox in the sampler).&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;Add a &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request_Defaults&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;HTTP Request Default&lt;/a&gt; Sampler to define the server, port and protocol in just one place. If you erase this specification from your requests, you will be able to change your test environment easier.&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Review which &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Response_Assertion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Response Assertions&lt;/a&gt; you need to add.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Parametrize Hosts in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Header_Manager&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Headers&lt;/a&gt; to make your script more flexible and supportable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xA;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;So don't run all 50 users unless you are sure that your test is doing what it is supposed to be doing, run your test with 1 virtual user and carefully inspect request and response details using &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#View_Results_Tree&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;View Results Tree&lt;/a&gt; listener. If you see something weird, i.e. login page instead of checkout page, you will need to amend the corresponding request. &lt;/p&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T08:26:01.747" CommentCount="1" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31685" PostTypeId="2" ParentId="31682" CreationDate="2018-01-23T08:48:21.937" Score="0" Body="&lt;p&gt;The easiest way would be writing the variables into a file like:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;ol&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/six-tips-for-jmeter-if-controller-usage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;If Controller&lt;/a&gt; under the ForEach Controller and use the following condition:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;${__threadNum} == 1&#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#Test_Action&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;Test Action Sampler&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the If Controller. It will act as a &quot;container&quot; and won't generate any extra sample results in your report&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#JSR223_PreProcessor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;JSR223 PreProcessor&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the Test Action sampler and put the following code into &quot;Script&quot; area:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;new File('test.csv') &amp;lt;&amp;lt; vars.get('foo') &amp;lt;&amp;lt; System.getProperty('line.separator') &#xA;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Replace &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt; with what you have as &quot;Output variable name&quot; in the ForEach Controller&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;Add JDBC Request sampler under the ForEach Controller (the same level)&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Add &lt;a href=&quot;http://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/component_reference.html#CSV_Data_Set_Config&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;CSV Data Set Config&lt;/a&gt; as a child of the JDBC Request sampler and configure it as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JTnh1.png&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://i.stack.imgur.com/JTnh1.png&quot; alt=&quot;JMeter CSV Data Set Config&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Again, replace &lt;code&gt;foo&lt;/code&gt; with the expected variable name (the same as &quot;Output variable name&quot; in the ForEach Controller&quot;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&#xA;&lt;/ol&gt;&#xA;" OwnerUserId="6225" LastActivityDate="2018-01-23T08:48:21.937" CommentCount="2" ContentLicense="CC BY-SA 3.0" />
  <row Id="31686" PostTypeId="1" CreationDate="2018-01-23T09:25:10.163" Score="0" ViewCount="1291" Body="&lt;p&gt;I am trying to automate the Registration and Login process of Myntra.com using selenium.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;I already registered once using selenium. But the problem is when i am trying to register once more using the same use